#### In over 10 years, we have over 10,000 comments on our blog.\\n>\\n> At this time, we are no longer accepting or answering blog comments. We\\n> would, of course, love to hear from you! For help with your specific sleep\\n> problems, please learn more about our DIY resources or our sleep\\n> consultation services. Or, consider emailing us for a fast and helpful\\n> response!\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n### Are you tired of one-size-fits-all advice?\\n\\nHi, I'm Nicole Johnson. I'm determined to help you and your family sleep\\nbetter and thrive. Are you ready for a personalized solution?\\n\\nYes, I need a personalized solution!\\n\\n### About Nicole\\n\\nNicole Johnson is the founder and lead sleep consultant of The Baby Sleep\\nSite^®. Since she began in 2008, and with the help of her team of sleep\\nconsultants, she has helped over 40,000 families improve their sleep. She has\\nalso held a position on the board of the International Association of Child\\nSleep Consultants (IACSC) since 2015. Millions of visitors land on The Baby\\nSleep Site each year, and Nicole and her team are here to find solutions for\\nyour family’s sleep problems that will match your baby's temperament and your\\nparenting style.\\n\\nLearn More\\n\\n### Parent Stories\\n\\n * 4 month old up every 20 minutes improves with one e-mail\\n * 5 month old twins, one sleeping, one not and waking the other\\n * 8 month old up 15 times per night!\\n * 8 month old sleeping in glider with mom!\\n * Nothing working for 16 month old, not even cry-it-out!\\n * 2 1/2 year old still not sleeping all night!\\n\\n### Popular Content\\n\\n## Sleep Regressions and Sleep Patterns\\n\\n * Newborn Sleep Patterns\\n * 10 Tips to Help Your Newborn Sleep\\n * 2-3 Month Old Baby Sleep Guide\\n * Can Your Baby Sleep Too Much?\\n * What Does Drowsy, But Awake Mean?\\n * 4-Month Sleep Regression\\n * 6-Month Sleep Regression\\n * 8-10-Month Sleep Regression\\n * 18-Month Sleep Regressions\\n * 5 Things To Know About Your 2-Year-Old's Sleep\\n * Sleep Regressions: Everything You Need to Know\\n\\n## Feeding and Sleep Schedules\\n\\n * Newborn Sleep Schedule\\n * Newborn Sleep Schedules By Week\\n * 2-Month Schedule\\n * 3-Month Schedule\\n * 4-Month Schedule\\n * 5-Month Schedule\\n * 6-Month Schedule\\n * 7-Month Schedule\\n * 8-Month Schedule\\n * 9-Month Schedule\\n * 10-Month Schedule\\n * 11-Month Schedule\\n * Toddler Schedule\\n\\n## Sleep Training Guides\\n\\n * Sleep Training Baby: The Ultimate Guide\\n * 5 Things to Do BEFORE Sleep Training\\n * 5 Common Baby Sleep Training Methods - Your Cheat Sheet\\n * Sleep Training Toddlers\\n\\n## Baby Sleep Guides\\n\\n * Newborn Sleep Patterns Guide + Free e-Book\\n * 2-3 Month Old Baby Sleep Guide\\n * The Ultimate Guide to Sleep Training Baby\\n * Ultimate Guide to Your 4-Month Old Baby\\n * The Ultimate Toddler Nap Guide\\n * How Much Should Your Baby Eat By Month\\n\\n## How-Tos\\n\\n * How to Put Your Baby or Toddler On a Schedule\\n * How To Handle Separation Anxiety and Sleep\\n * How to Make Babies Sleep . - 6 Steps\\n * How to Handle Teething and Sleep\\n * How and When to Stop Swaddling Your Baby\\n\\n## Naps\\n\\n * Baby Naps Chart - How Many and How Long\\n * 7 Common Napping Mistakes\\n * 10 Must-Know Baby and Toddler Nap Facts\\n * Baby Won't Nap? Here Are 7 Reasons Why (#7 is Surprising!)\\n\\n## Charts\\n\\n * Wonder Weeks Chart\\n * Bedtime Chart\\n * Baby Night Feedings Chart\\n * Baby Sleep Patterns Charts - A Must-See For All Parents!\\n * Baby Feeding Chart - How Many Ounces By Age\\n\\n## Reader Interactions\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Louise says\\n\\nHelp – Our 26 month has never slept through the night. We’ve had a bedtime\\nroutine since 4 weeks old. At 5 months we did a 5 night residential stay sleep\\nprogram with mother craft nurses and got rid of sleep associations e.g. dummy.\\nAt 6.5 months we did CIO which got us from 15 waking to 5. At 9 months we had\\na private sleep consultant come stay with us overnight for a while. She said\\nshe couldn’t keep taking our money As nothing more to offer us. She suggested\\nmedical assessment. Medical assessment said nothing wrong. We were doing well\\nfor 6 months, 2 wakings per night but only for 15 mins. Since the regression\\nhit we are back to being up for 3-4 hours per night with inconsolable crying\\nbetween 11-5. Two neighbours are complaining. Nothing we do can comfort her.\\nNaps are 1-2 hours and always finish by 3. Bedtime between 7:30-8 How long\\nwill this last? Do you have anything to offer that’s not routine / association\\nbased? We’ve had that assessed by a multitude of experts who agree we are\\n‘consistent’ with routine and no sleep associations to break. At my wits end\\nand all the standard advice doesn’t seem to work.\\n\\n * Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\\n\\nHi @Louise – Thank you for writing to us! I’m So sorry to hear that your\\nfamily has been struggling with sleep for so long! You all must be exhausted.\\nYou’re not alone! We have helped many families that have not had success with\\nother programs and/or sleep consultants, and we’ve been able to help them find\\ntheir sleep. We’d love to help! We have a very holistic view and approach to\\nhelping families with their sleep. It’s all about the whole child and figuring\\nout the right mix of everything for that individual child. Our approach is not\\nonly holistic, but also often involves breaking goals into pieces. We find\\nthat parents are most successful that way because they can slowly start to see\\nprogress and have more confidence in both themselves and their child. We are\\ndifferent than most sleep consultants in that we personalize advice for each\\nindividual family based on their history, goals, baby’s personality, and\\nfamily philosophies. We do not make blanket statements either. We know that\\nall families are truly unique and therefore will have unique needs and require\\na unique plan. I’d like to offer you a free 15 minute telephone evaluation\\nwith an expert sleep consultant, which I think will be really helpful for you.\\nOu can share all of your concerns with her, and she can give you great insight\\nregarding if and how we can help, and which of our options may be the best fit\\nfor you. If interested, please schedule your free 15 minute evaluation here:\\nhttps://www.babysleepsite.com/personalized-baby-sleep-evaluation Thank you\\nagain for writing to us Louise, and hang in there! If you have any additional\\nquestions, or if you need any assistance at all, please let us know. We’re\\nhere to help!\\n\\n 2. Sydni Nerbas says\\n\\nMy 15 month old started doing split nights when I thought he was ready for 1\\nnap. I don’t think he was and now I’m trying to re-establish his 2 nap routine\\nbut his wakings are getting worse and worse, it’s been 5 weeks of 1-3 night\\nwakings sometimes 2 hours long. I just don’t know where to start on how to get\\nhis sleeping back to normal and I’m so exhausted and his nighttime sleep is\\ncausing insane anxiety\\n\\n * Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\\n\\nHi Sydni – Thanks for writing and sorry that your 15 month old is struggling\\nwith so many night wakings! That is so tough! Hopefully adding the 2nd nap\\nback to the schedule/routine will help! Give it time to smooth out once the\\nnap is back. I’d recommend checking out this sample schedule too, to be sure\\nthat he’s getting the right amount of sleep at the right times:\\nhttps://www.babysleepsite.com/schedules/toddler-schedule/ Good luck Sydni and\\nhang in there!\\n\\n 3. Jillian says\\n\\nJust went through a horrible sleep regression starting at about 11.5 months\\nand has slowly gotten better since she turned 13 months. We have also moved\\nher into our bed with us which seemed to have helped with her not waking every\\nhour at night. We also moved her down to one nap a day only. She is just not\\ntired to take a second nap. I know 13 months they say is a little early but\\nshe seems ready and fine with only one nap. She is not overtired by bedtime.\\nThis girl has tons of energy and could care less about her naps. She is\\nsleeping from 9pm – 8:30/9am. Her one nap is anywhere from 1hour to 1 hour and\\na half.\\n\\n * Danielle says\\n\\nHi Jillian, Thank you for your comment here! I’m sorry to hear that your\\ndaughter’s last sleep regression was so awful, but I’m glad you’ve found a way\\nto get her sleeping that works for your family. All children are different,\\nand I know a lot of the families here reading the comments are always glad to\\nsee what worked for other folks, so thank you very much for sharing your\\nexperience with us!\\n\\n 4. Claire says\\n\\nI have twin girls who are almost 14 months old. They have slept very well for\\nmonths now but in the last few days they are taking longer to settle at night.\\nThey are waking up later in the morning, I’m thinking as a result of them\\ntaking longer to get to sleep, & wonder of this is knocking off their\\nschedule? They are still taking two naps but could they already be ready to\\ndrop to one nap, could this be a delayed sleep regression or could it most\\nlikely be teething?! I’m not sure what to do!\\n\\n * Neosha says\\n\\n@Claire – Thank you for reading and for sharing with us! Toddlers this age do\\ngenerally increase their abilities to stay awake for longer periods of time,\\nwhich may be what you’re seeing. If you haven’t tweaked their schedules to\\naccount for this, that may be a good place to start. We do find that many\\nbabies drop down to one nap around 15-18 months, which is just around the\\ncorner. This transition can happen very quickly or linger and take months\\nbefore it’s fully “done.” Hang in there and let us know if you need any\\nfurther support!\\n\\n 5. Chey says\\n\\nMy son is 8 months old, he used to nap an hour to 2 a day now he only naps\\nmaybe 30-45 minutes, just one nap. Goes to bed at 8, fights it forever when\\nhes asleep he will wake up anywhere from 3-4 times a night and stay up. He is\\na very grumpy baby! I’m guessing 8 month sleep regression!\\n\\n * Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\\n\\nHi @Chey – Thanks for writing! Yes! It sounds about right for this 8, 9, or 10\\nmonth sleep regression! it sounds like you’ve done you’re reading, so hang in\\nthere and I hope it passes quickly!\\n\\n« Older Comments\\n\\n## Footer Widget Header\\n\\n### As Seen In\\n\\n### FREE Guide: Five Ways To Help Your Child Sleep Through the Night\\n\\nJoin over 450,000 parents around the world & sign up today to receive the\\nguide and our Baby Sleep Newsletter absolutely FREE!\\n\\nDownload FREE Guide Today!\\n\\n## Footer\\n\\n### Services\\n\\n * Consulting\\n * DIY\\n * Testimonials\\n\\n### Company\\n\\n * About\\n * Careers\\n * Press\\n\\n### Connect\\n\\n * Contact\\n * Login\\n * Blog\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 The Baby Sleep Site – Baby Sleep Help | Toddler Sleep Help |\\nPersonalized Sleep Consulting. Est. 2008. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\nTerms of Use | Privacy Policy\\n\\nTerms of Use | Privacy Policy\\n\\nCustom WordPress Theme Design & Development by iDesign Studios\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.lucieslist.com/postpartum/the-shift/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191101233103/https://www.lucieslist.com/postpartum/the-shift/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Baby to Sleep Longer at Night\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The first three months of your baby’s life is a transition between the womb world and the real world; it truly is the “4^th trimester.” Your job is to usher baby through this transition as painlessly as possible.\",\n \"In utero, your baby was naturally awake and active exactly when you weren’t: at night. Now that she is no longer living inside of you, you must gradually shift her from a nocturnal schedule to a normal daytime (diurnal?) schedule. This is a gradual process and won’t happen overnight, but you should start as soon as you get home from the hospital.\",\n \"Many moms fall into the trap of letting the baby completely dictate their own sleeping schedule because it SEEMS very natural and wonderful. It’s the right thing to do, right? Let baby do what baby wants to do. Eh... not so much...\",\n \"Remember: Your baby is just a brain stem at this point. She is just reacting to stimuli. You and your cerebral cortex have to do the heavy lifting and guide your baby through the transition to a daytime schedule. Otherwise, you will end up with an 8-month-old baby who is waking multiple times in the night demanding to be fed and ready to party – and you will not get any semblance of normalcy back in your life for a long, long time. You will have to hire a sleep consultant to cure you of your woes, blah blah blah. Just say no.\",\n \"During the first week home from the hospital, your baby will be sleeping a LOT. They are recovering from birth and adjusting to the stressors of the outside world. They need a lot of sleep. Great! What a coincidence because so do you! The problem is, they will be coming to the trough to feed every 2.5-3.5 hours. They need frequent feedings to fill up those tiny little tummies.\",\n \"The daytime is when you really focus on filling up their tank with milk. Starting with the first feeding after sunrise, feed your baby every three hours (at a minimum!), timing from the BEGINNING of the last feed to the beginning of the next feed. Wake them from napping (during the day ONLY) if you must. You may feel bad about doing it, but don’t. This is very important and prevents them from napping too long during the day, which will in turn prevent them from sleeping well at night.\",\n \"After some amount of time (a week for some, several weeks for others), you will begin to notice your baby sleeping for longer than a three-hour span at night. Ah ha! This is the first glimmer of normal night sleeping. Don’t worry – as the span gets bigger, your milk supply will adjust accordingly. You may feel a little engorged when it first happens, though. Just roll with it. You can also pump (just a little bit!) for relief.\",\n \"As this interval widens, you will need to start cluster feeding at night. Cluster feeding just means that you nurse (or bottle feed) frequently right before bedtime. So, if “bedtime” is 8 pm, feed your baby at 6 pm, 7 pm, and maybe a top-off before going down for night-night. This will fill their bellies so they can go longer before waking up hungry. Some people also call this the “dream feed.” I call it buying an insurance policy on your own sleep that night. 😉\",\n \"If done correctly, you will notice this span-of-sleeping-at-night gradually lengthen and lengthen. For my girls, it happened fast. Here’s how it happened with each of them (mind you, they were large, full-term babies — this matters!!)\",\n \"A few weeks in, she started sleeping from 10 pm-3 am (weeeeeeeee!). The next night she woke at 4 am. The following week she slept from 10 pm-5 am, then 6 am, then (ohmygodddd) 7 am. It was a beautiful thing. I shed a tear. She was “sleeping through the night” by 7 weeks. This is the part where I have to say, **Results may not be typical. Being able to sleep through the night heavily depends on your baby’s weight, 11-15 lbs being the range where this becomes possible. This is why women who want small babies are nutso!\",\n \"Nursing moms will also know your babies are sleeping longer because when you wake up, you’ll be engorged. Don’t worry, your milk supply will adjust and settle down over time, though there is a bit of a lag 😉\",\n \"Point being: Life sucks when you have to wake up every 2-2.5 hours and you don’t get any continuity in your sleep. You feel like a zombie around the clock. No amount of caffeine can fix you. When you sleep? The angels sing and life is great again. This is when you become an obnoxiously happy mom. Yay. This is our goal.\",\n \"“I'm just writing to let you know how thankful I am for your information. The registry saved my life as it was my first kiddo. Getting your emails literally feels like I have a friend watching out for me! Ha. Thanks so much for your efforts and information.” - Morgan H.\",\n \"“Just wanted to let you know that I really love your newsletters. It’s right on schedule when I’m freaking out and not sure what is happening with my baby. The tone is great and just makes it easier for me to deal with my baby’s craziness :)” - Lynn G.\",\n \"“Hi! Lucie’s List was a lifesaver for me... Still is actually. You told me things during my pregnancy that no one else did. And you’ve been dead on, every time. How things would go, what I would need, and all the ins and outs of the baby gear. I can’t thank you enough.” - Hilary S.\",\n \"Copyright © 2015, Edamommy Publishing. All rights reserved. The information contained on this website is for entertainment purposes only and should not be used in place of advice from a medical professional. Want more legal mumbo- jumbo? Click here.\",\n \"I make a living through purchases made through my partner and affiliate sites, such as Amazon.com, Diapers.com, Giggle (and more!). It helps me bring you the straight up shizzy without bias from sponsors. Thanks for your support!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Baby to Sleep Longer at Night | Lucie's List\\n\\n********* Subscribe Now! *********\\n\\n * Registry\\n\\n * 1\\\\. Car Seats and Strollers\\n\\n * Infant Car Seats\\n * Baby Strollers\\n * 2\\\\. Baby Carriers\\n\\n * Infant Carriers\\n * Soft Structured Baby Carriers\\n * 3\\\\. Baby Bouncers & Swings\\n\\n * Baby Swings & Hybrids\\n * 4\\\\. Bath Time\\n\\n * Newborn Bath Tubs\\n * Infant Bath Tubs\\n * Baby Towels and Linens\\n * Baby Shampoo and Soap\\n * 5\\\\. Sleeping\\n * 6\\\\. Diapering\\n * 7\\\\. Feeding\\n * 8\\\\. Clothing\\n * 9\\\\. Playing\\n * 10\\\\. This & That\\n * Postpartum\\n\\n * Natural Birth\\n * After Delivery\\n * Your Baby\\n * First Days\\n * Coming Home\\n * Recovery\\n\\n * Vaginal Delivery\\n * C-Section\\n * Your Emotions\\n * Breastfeeding\\n * Postpartum Depression\\n * Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation\\n * Baby Sleep Tips\\n * Meeting Other Moms\\n * Postpartum Sex\\n * Infants\\n * Twins\\n * Toddlers\\n * Gear Guides\\n * Blog\\n * About\\n * Newsletter\\n\\n * Pregnancy\\n * Postpartum\\n * Seasonal Guides\\n\\n# Baby Sleep Tips\\n\\nUpdated February 2019\\n\\nThe first three months of your baby’s life is a transition between the womb\\nworld and the real world; it truly is the “4^th trimester.” Your job is to\\nusher baby through this transition as painlessly as possible.\\n\\nIn utero, your baby was naturally awake and active exactly when you weren’t:\\nat night. Now that she is no longer living inside of you, you must gradually\\nshift her from a nocturnal schedule to a normal daytime (diurnal?) schedule.\\nThis is a gradual process and won’t happen overnight, but you should start as\\nsoon as you get home from the hospital.\\n\\nMany moms fall into the trap of letting the baby completely dictate their own\\nsleeping schedule because it SEEMS very natural and wonderful. It’s the right\\nthing to do, right? Let baby do what baby wants to do. Eh... not so much...\\n\\nRemember: Your baby is just a brain stem at this point. She is just reacting\\nto stimuli. You and your cerebral cortex have to do the heavy lifting and\\nguide your baby through the transition to a daytime schedule. Otherwise, you\\nwill end up with an 8-month-old baby who is waking multiple times in the night\\ndemanding to be fed and ready to party – and you will not get any semblance of\\nnormalcy back in your life for a long, long time. You will have to hire a\\nsleep consultant to cure you of your woes, blah blah blah. Just say no.\\n\\nDuring the first week home from the hospital, your baby will be sleeping a\\nLOT. They are recovering from birth and adjusting to the stressors of the\\noutside world. They need a lot of sleep. Great! What a coincidence because so\\ndo you! The problem is, they will be coming to the trough to feed every\\n2.5-3.5 hours. They need frequent feedings to fill up those tiny little\\ntummies.\\n\\n## Daytime Feedings – Fill ‘Em Up!\\n\\nThe daytime is when you really focus on filling up their tank with milk.\\nStarting with the first feeding after sunrise, feed your baby every three\\nhours (at a minimum!), timing from the BEGINNING of the last feed to the\\nbeginning of the next feed. Wake them from napping (during the day ONLY) if\\nyou must. You may feel bad about doing it, but don’t. This is very important\\nand prevents them from napping too long during the day, which will in turn\\nprevent them from sleeping well at night.\\n\\nAfter some amount of time (a week for some, several weeks for others), you\\nwill begin to notice your baby sleeping for longer than a three-hour span at\\nnight. Ah ha! This is the first glimmer of normal night sleeping. Don’t worry\\n– as the span gets bigger, your milk supply will adjust accordingly. You may\\nfeel a little engorged when it first happens, though. Just roll with it. You\\ncan also pump (just a little bit!) for relief.\\n\\nAs this interval widens, you will need to start cluster feeding at night.\\nCluster feeding just means that you nurse (or bottle feed) frequently right\\nbefore bedtime. So, if “bedtime” is 8 pm, feed your baby at 6 pm, 7 pm, and\\nmaybe a top-off before going down for night-night. This will fill their\\nbellies so they can go longer before waking up hungry. Some people also call\\nthis the “dream feed.” I call it buying an insurance policy on your own sleep\\nthat night. 😉\\n\\nIf done correctly, you will notice this span-of-sleeping-at-night gradually\\nlengthen and lengthen. For my girls, it happened fast. Here’s how it happened\\nwith each of them (mind you, they were large, full-term babies — this\\nmatters!!)\\n\\nA few weeks in, she started sleeping from 10 pm-3 am (weeeeeeeee!). The next\\nnight she woke at 4 am. The following week she slept from 10 pm-5 am, then 6\\nam, then (ohmygodddd) 7 am. It was a beautiful thing. I shed a tear. She was\\n“sleeping through the night” by 7 weeks. This is the part where I have to say,\\n**Results may not be typical. Being able to sleep through the night heavily\\ndepends on your baby’s weight, 11-15 lbs being the range where this becomes\\npossible. This is why women who want small babies are nutso!\\n\\nNursing moms will also know your babies are sleeping longer because when you\\nwake up, you’ll be engorged. Don’t worry, your milk supply will adjust and\\nsettle down over time, though there is a bit of a lag 😉\\n\\nPoint being: Life sucks when you have to wake up every 2-2.5 hours and you\\ndon’t get any continuity in your sleep. You feel like a zombie around the\\nclock. No amount of caffeine can fix you. When you sleep? The angels sing and\\nlife is great again. This is when you become an obnoxiously happy mom. Yay.\\nThis is our goal.\\n\\n### Next: Meeting Other Moms\\n\\n420,000+ Subscribers Strong\\n\\n#### Latest Articles\\n\\n * Maxi-Cosi Magellan 5-in-1 Car Seat Review\\n * Halloween Costumes – 2019\\n * Booster Seats\\n * Your Second Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery\\n * Managing Life with Two Kids\\n * Should Twins Be Separated in School?\\n * Best Lunch Boxes, Bags and Sippy Cups for Back to School\\n * Best Backpacks for Back to School\\n * The Nordstrom Anniversary Sale 2019\\n * How to Transition Milk from Bottle to Sippy Cup\\n * Maternity Athleisure Wear, Summer 2019\\n * Summer Pregnancy Shoes – LL Staff Picks\\n * Flying with Twins\\n * Summer Book Picks, 2019\\n * Nuna Cudl Baby Carrier Review\\n * Swim Lessons for Kids\\n * Beaching it With Baby\\n * Maternity Jeans, Summer 2019\\n * Toy Storage Ideas\\n * Baby, Toddler & Kids Sunglass Round-Up\\n * Summer Shoes for Kids\\n * In Response to the Rock N Play Recall\\n * Britax B-Lively Stroller Review\\n * The Best Part of Having Twins\\n * Casual Maternity Clothes, Summer 2019\\n * Maternity Bathing Suits, Summer 2019\\n * May Love List: Summer Travel Must-Haves\\n * Preparing for Baby #2 – Gearing Up\\n * Transitioning from Crib to a Toddler Bed\\n\\n#### Follow Me!\\n\\nFollow @LuciesList\\n\\n## instagram\\n\\n## pinterest\\n\\n## youtube\\n\\n#### Testimonials\\n\\n“I'm just writing to let you know how thankful I am for your information. The\\nregistry saved my life as it was my first kiddo. Getting your emails literally\\nfeels like I have a friend watching out for me! Ha. Thanks so much for your\\nefforts and information.” - Morgan H.\\n\\n“Just wanted to let you know that I really love your newsletters. It’s right\\non schedule when I’m freaking out and not sure what is happening with my baby.\\nThe tone is great and just makes it easier for me to deal with my baby’s\\ncraziness :)” - Lynn G.\\n\\n“Hi! Lucie’s List was a lifesaver for me... Still is actually. You told me\\nthings during my pregnancy that no one else did. And you’ve been dead on,\\nevery time. How things would go, what I would need, and all the ins and outs\\nof the baby gear. I can’t thank you enough.” - Hilary S.\\n\\nMore Kudos >\\n\\nLucie's List is a proud sponsor of:\\n\\nContact Me\\n\\nCopyright © 2015, Edamommy Publishing. All rights reserved. The information\\ncontained on this website is for entertainment purposes only and should not be\\nused in place of advice from a medical professional. Want more legal mumbo-\\njumbo? Click here.\\n\\n* I make a living through purchases made through my partner and affiliate sites, such as Amazon.com, Diapers.com, Giggle (and more!). It helps me bring you the straight up shizzy without bias from sponsors. Thanks for your support!\\n\\nPrivacy Policy ...\\n\\n✕\\n\\n## Join Lucie's List\\n\\nGet a weekly email with practical advice and insights during your pregnancy.\\n\\n## Featuring:\\n\\n * The Real Lowdown on Pregnancy\\n * Preparing for Birth\\n * Postpartum Survival Strategies\\n * Breastfeeding, Newborn Sleep Solutions and more\\n\\n \\n--- \\n \\nGet a weekly email with practical advice and insights as your baby grows.\\n\\n## Featuring:\\n\\n * Infant Sleep Solutions\\n * Babyproofing\\n * Starting Solids\\n * Pumping at Work and more\\n\\n \\n--- \\n \\n## Welcome to the Inner Circle!\\n\\nI am honored to hold your hand through the journey to parenthood and beyond.\\n\\nIf you want to noodle around on the site, my 3 most popular articles are:\\n\\n * Car Seat and Stroller Basics\\n * What Your Newborn Needs for Sleeping\\n * Starting Solids\\n\\n \\n--- \\n \\nAnd, if you haven’t already, find me on Facebook and Pinterest.\\n\\nThanks for joining. I'll talk to you soon!\\n\\n\\\\- Meg\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/baby-sleep/art-20045014\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210715021542/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/baby-sleep/art-20045014?pg=2\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Helping baby sleep through the night\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Helping baby sleep through the night - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a123/how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210516114031/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a123/how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How can I get my baby to sleep through the night?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"They may need a feed. Newborn and young babies have a small tummy, which can’t hold much. It’s normal for a newborn to only sleep for two or three hours before needing a feed again (BASIS nda).\",\n \"They may need some help to settle and know that it’s time for sleep. Having a consistent bedtime routine each night can help (NHS 2018).\",\n \"They may be ill, teething or having a growth spurt – all of these can disturb their sleep (NHS 2018).\",\n \"If your baby is waking in the night, your sleep will be disturbed too (Kempler et al 2016). Being constantly tired can make you feel moody and irritable and less able to function (Kempler et al 2016). There are also links between lack of sleep and postnatal depression (Kempler et al 2016), so making sure both you and your baby are getting enough sleep is important.\",\n \"Many babies carry on waking through the night for many months, even when they're not hungry. But most babies are sleeping regularly through the night by the time they’re a year old (BASIS nda). If you can cope with the night- time interruptions, then you may wish to wait and let your baby sleep through the night in their own time. But if you’re finding it hard to cope with the lack of sleep, and it’s affecting how you parent your baby, it may be time to try something new.\",\n \"Help your baby get to know the difference between day and night. During the day keep things light and bright and active – open the curtains, play games and make lots of noise. At night, dim the lights, keep things quiet and give your baby soothing cuddles instead of playing with them. This will help them to set their body clock and learn the difference between day and night (NHS 2018).\",\n \"Give your baby the chance to fall asleep on their own. Your baby’s natural sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) starts to develop when they are about six weeks old (Maclean 2015). That means they'll start to sleep more at night and less during the day. When your baby is around three months old, they may be able to start settling themselves and going to sleep, but not all babies will (St James-Roberts et al 2015)! You can encourage your baby to do this by putting them down on their back after a feed when they're sleepy, but still awake and seeing whether they can go to sleep with you close by (NHS 2018) . You could also try using a soothing phrase, sound or word, such as \\\"Ssh\\\" or \\\"It’s sleepy time\\\". Repeat this to your baby as they gently drift off, so they begin to associate it with bedtime, and feelings of drowsiness.\",\n \"Set a simple bedtime routine. You can introduce a soothing bedtime routine from around three months (NHS 2018). Start your routine about an hour before you plan to turn put your baby down to sleep (Mindell and Williamson 2018). Turning off the television, dimming the lights and winding down activities will set the scene and help your baby to relax.\",\n \"You could start with a calming bath and then pop your baby into their pyjamas. Then follow with a story or lullaby. You could also try giving your baby a soothing massage.\",\n \"If they don't settle after a feed, try having some soothing skin to skin time with some gentle rocking (Unicef 2017). Or if you’re breastfeeding, you could try offering your breast again, in case your baby’s still hungry (Unicef 2017).\",\n \"A consistent bedtime routine will gradually let your baby know that it’s time to go to sleep (NHS 2018). It’s a good idea to finish the bedtime routine in the room where your baby sleeps (IHV 2014). Remember that your baby should sleep in the same room as you for the first six months.\",\n \"Settling your baby at night can prove challenging. See how to create a calming bedtime routine with these nine tips. More baby videos\",\n \"Sleep training describes any method you use to help your baby settle themselves to sleep. It isn’t for everybody and many parents can’t bear sleep training methods that may mean your baby cries for you, even for a short time. But if you feel you or your partner aren’t getting enough sleep to be able to look after your baby during the day, without feeling teary, resentful and sleep deprived, it may worth trying.\",\n \"If you think your baby is ready, you could try the controlled crying method. This means letting your baby cry for just a few minutes, before returning to them and offering comfort and reassurance. You gradually extend the time between each visit, before going back (BASIS ndb). Start with a couple of minutes and gradually build up to 10 minutes (Simon et al 2014).\",\n \"You can gently pat and reassure your baby while they're still in their cot or pick them up and put them down again. It’s completely up to you. While you’re settling them, keep it low key and quiet, before leaving the room again (Simon et al 2014).\",\n \"It can be hard to hear your baby crying, even if it’s for just a short period and many parents find it stressful. In the short-term, controlled crying does work, as do other sleep training methods that help your baby to sleep, such as the no-tears approach (BASIS ndc).\",\n \"Be reassured that a lot of research has been carried out on sleep training and its effects on babies. The evidence shows that leaving your baby to cry for a short period of time will not do them any harm (Meltzer et al 2014, Price et al 2012). However, make sure you keep the periods you leave to your baby to no longer than ten minutes, to avoid them becoming distressed (Mancz & Wigley 2017).\",\n \"If controlled crying isn’t for you there are other \\\"no tears\\\" approaches you could try, to help your baby sleep.\",\n \"Many sleep experts suggest \\\"gradual retreat\\\". This means putting your baby down to sleep while they're drowsy but awake. Instead of leaving your baby’s room, stay by their cot until they fall asleep, patting and stroking them whenever they need reassurance. Over the course of a few nights, gradually move further away from their cot until your baby can fall asleep without you being in the room with them(Blunden and Baills 2013).\",\n \"Another approach worth trying is the pick-up, put-down method. If your baby wakes and cries for you, go to them and pick them up, comforting them with a soothing \\\"Ssh\\\" until they calm. Then place your baby back in their cot.\",\n \"No single sleep-training method works for all babies. So don’t worry if one particular method doesn’t suit your baby. Leave it for a couple of weeks, and try again, or with a different approach, to see what works.\",\n \"Struggling with sleepless nights? Get tips and advice, and vent your feelings to others in the same boat, in our friendly community.\",\n \"Kempler L et al. 2016. Do psychosocial sleep interventions improve infant sleep or maternal mood in the postnatal period? A systematic review and meta- analysis of randomised controlled trials. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 29 (2016) 15e22\",\n \"MacLean JE, Fitzgerald DA, Waters KE. 2015. Developmental changes in sleep and breathing across infancy and childhood. Paediatr Respir Rev. www.researchgate.net [Accessed November 2019]\",\n \"Mancz G, Wigley W. 2017. Long-term outcomes of techniques used to manage sleep disturbance in the under-5s. Journal of Health Visiting. Vol. 5, No. 1\",\n \"Mindell JA, Williamson AA. 2018. Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond. Sleep Med Rev. 40:93–108. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [Accessed November 2019]\",\n \"* Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\\n* What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\\n* Dynamic debate\\n* Actively trying for a baby\\n* Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\\n* IVF support group\\n* Pregnant for the first time\\n* Baby names\\n* Breastfeeding\\n* Baby-led weaning\\n* Parents of toddlers\\n* Coping with a miscarriage\\nSee all in Community\",\n \"* Before you begin\\n* Ovulation & timing\\n* Quiz: could you be pregnant?\\n* Top 10 signs of pregnancy\\n* Best sex positions\\n* Ovulation calculator\\n* Fertility tips for men\\n* All about pregnancy tests\\n* 9 tips to get pregnant fast\\n* Can you choose your baby's sex?\\n* How age affects fertility\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Trying for a baby\\n* Am I pregnant?\\n* Sex & conception\\n* Infertility & trouble conceiving\\nSee all in Getting Pregnant\",\n \"* Symptoms you should never ignore\\n* How big is your baby?\\n* Weekly meal planners\\n* Pregnancy scans\\n* Baby names finder\\n* Due date calculator\\n* Morning sickness remedies\\n* Hospital bag checklist\\n* Predicting your baby's sex\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your pregnancy week by week\\n* How your baby's developing\\n* Dads' guide to pregnancy\\n* Labour & birth\\n* Baby name inspiration\\n* Popular baby names 2020\\nSee all in Pregnancy\",\n \"* Bonding with your baby\\n* Breastfeeding for beginners\\n* Find the right formula milk\\n* Buying for your baby\\n* When can your baby sleep through?\\n* Name that rash!\\n* Baby poo: what's normal?\\n* Ways to soothe a crying baby\\n* Teething timeline\\n* The truth about growth spurts\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your baby week by week\\n* Sleep basics\\n* First foods\\n* Baby development\\n* The best baby products\\nSee all in Baby\",\n \"* Dealing with tantrums\\n* Food & fussy eating\\n* Toddler development milestones\\n* When to start potty training\\n* Teething & sleep\\n* Moving from a cot to a bed\\n* Help your child sleep through\\n* Bedtime routines\\n* Learning to talk\\n* Constipation in toddlers\\n* Vomiting: what's normal?\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your toddler month by month\\n* Potty training\\n* Top sleep tips\\n* Games & activities\\nSee all in Toddler\",\n \"* Top sleep tips for children\\n* How kids learn to share\\n* Coping with aggression\\n* Bedtime battles\\n* When your child won't stay in bed\\n* Anxiety in children\\n* Night terrors\\n* Dealing with public tantrums\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your child month by month\\n* Food ideas & nutrition\\n* Teaching values: empathy to manners\\n* Discipline tactics that work\\n* Easy arts & crafts\\n* Great play ideas\\n* Top tips for starting school\\nSee all in Preschooler\",\n \"* Your body after birth\\n* Healthy post-birth weight loss\\n* Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\\n* Managing postnatal depression\\n* The cost of childcare\\n* Your rights & benefits\\n* Sex secrets for parents\\n* Strengthen your post-baby belly\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* First timers: tips and advice\\n* Family horoscopes\\n* Getting back into shape\\n* Your pelvic floor\\n* Life as a mum\\n* Life as a dad\\n* Family finance tips\\nSee all in Life as a Parent\",\n \"* How pregnancy changes your body\\n* What happens during childbirth\\n* What to pack in your hospital bag\\n* The best positions for labour\\n* How to express milk\\n* How to swaddle your baby\\n* Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\\n* Signs of teething\\n* Tummy time tips\\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS\",\n \"* Fetal development stage by stage\\n* Labour & birth\\n* Postnatal exercises\\n* Recipes for weaning & beyond\\n* Baby massage how-to guides\\n* Baby sleep videos\\nSee all in Video\",\n \"This Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health or the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this site. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms of Use.\",\n \"This site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its contents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How can I get my baby to sleep through the night? - BabyCentre UK\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n### Baby\\n\\nCommunity groups\\n\\nBirth ClubsBabiesBreastfeedingSolid foods and weaningSee all baby groups\\n\\nHome Baby Sleep Basics of good sleep\\n\\n# How can I get my baby to sleep through the night?\\n\\nApproved by the BabyCentre Medical Advisory Board\\n\\nStudio Memoir for BabyCenter\\n\\n### In this article\\n\\n * Why doesn’t my baby sleep through the night?\\n * What can I do to help my baby settle?\\n * What’s a good bedtime routine?\\n * What sleep training methods can I try?\\n * Visit our community\\n\\nVideo\\n\\n###### Sleep and feeding routines\\n\\nWhen and how to create a routine for your baby.\\n\\n## Why doesn’t my baby sleep through the night?\\n\\nThere are all sorts of reasons why your baby may be waking through the night.\\nFor example:\\n\\n * They may need a feed. Newborn and young babies have a small tummy, which can’t hold much. It’s normal for a newborn to only sleep for two or three hours before needing a feed again (BASIS nda).\\n * They may want your comfort and reassurance during the night.\\n * They may need some help to settle and know that it’s time for sleep. Having a consistent bedtime routine each night can help (NHS 2018).\\n * They may be ill, teething or having a growth spurt – all of these can disturb their sleep (NHS 2018).\\n\\nIf your baby is waking in the night, your sleep will be disturbed too (Kempler\\net al 2016). Being constantly tired can make you feel moody and irritable and\\nless able to function (Kempler et al 2016). There are also links between lack\\nof sleep and postnatal depression (Kempler et al 2016), so making sure both\\nyou and your baby are getting enough sleep is important.\\n\\nMany babies carry on waking through the night for many months, even when\\nthey're not hungry. But most babies are sleeping regularly through the night\\nby the time they’re a year old (BASIS nda). If you can cope with the night-\\ntime interruptions, then you may wish to wait and let your baby sleep through\\nthe night in their own time. But if you’re finding it hard to cope with the\\nlack of sleep, and it’s affecting how you parent your baby, it may be time to\\ntry something new.\\n\\n## What can I do to help my baby settle?\\n\\nThese tactics may help your baby to sleep better and settle themselves back to\\nsleep.\\n\\n * Help your baby get to know the difference between day and night. During the day keep things light and bright and active – open the curtains, play games and make lots of noise. At night, dim the lights, keep things quiet and give your baby soothing cuddles instead of playing with them. This will help them to set their body clock and learn the difference between day and night (NHS 2018).\\n * Give your baby the chance to fall asleep on their own. Your baby’s natural sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) starts to develop when they are about six weeks old (Maclean 2015). That means they'll start to sleep more at night and less during the day. When your baby is around three months old, they may be able to start settling themselves and going to sleep, but not all babies will (St James-Roberts et al 2015)! You can encourage your baby to do this by putting them down on their back after a feed when they're sleepy, but still awake and seeing whether they can go to sleep with you close by (NHS 2018) . You could also try using a soothing phrase, sound or word, such as \\\"Ssh\\\" or \\\"It’s sleepy time\\\". Repeat this to your baby as they gently drift off, so they begin to associate it with bedtime, and feelings of drowsiness.\\n * Set a simple bedtime routine. You can introduce a soothing bedtime routine from around three months (NHS 2018). Start your routine about an hour before you plan to turn put your baby down to sleep (Mindell and Williamson 2018). Turning off the television, dimming the lights and winding down activities will set the scene and help your baby to relax.\\n\\n## What’s a good bedtime routine?\\n\\nYou could start with a calming bath and then pop your baby into their pyjamas.\\nThen follow with a story or lullaby. You could also try giving your baby a\\nsoothing massage.\\n\\nIf they don't settle after a feed, try having some soothing skin to skin time\\nwith some gentle rocking (Unicef 2017). Or if you’re breastfeeding, you could\\ntry offering your breast again, in case your baby’s still hungry (Unicef\\n2017).\\n\\nA consistent bedtime routine will gradually let your baby know that it’s time\\nto go to sleep (NHS 2018). It’s a good idea to finish the bedtime routine in\\nthe room where your baby sleeps (IHV 2014). Remember that your baby should\\nsleep in the same room as you for the first six months.\\n\\nThe mighty bedtime routine\\n\\nSettling your baby at night can prove challenging. See how to create a calming\\nbedtime routine with these nine tips. More baby videos\\n\\n## What sleep training methods can I try?\\n\\nSleep training describes any method you use to help your baby settle\\nthemselves to sleep. It isn’t for everybody and many parents can’t bear sleep\\ntraining methods that may mean your baby cries for you, even for a short time.\\nBut if you feel you or your partner aren’t getting enough sleep to be able to\\nlook after your baby during the day, without feeling teary, resentful and\\nsleep deprived, it may worth trying.\\n\\nIf you think your baby is ready, you could try the controlled crying method.\\nThis means letting your baby cry for just a few minutes, before returning to\\nthem and offering comfort and reassurance. You gradually extend the time\\nbetween each visit, before going back (BASIS ndb). Start with a couple of\\nminutes and gradually build up to 10 minutes (Simon et al 2014).\\n\\nYou can gently pat and reassure your baby while they're still in their cot or\\npick them up and put them down again. It’s completely up to you. While you’re\\nsettling them, keep it low key and quiet, before leaving the room again (Simon\\net al 2014).\\n\\nIt can be hard to hear your baby crying, even if it’s for just a short period\\nand many parents find it stressful. In the short-term, controlled crying does\\nwork, as do other sleep training methods that help your baby to sleep, such as\\nthe no-tears approach (BASIS ndc).\\n\\nBe reassured that a lot of research has been carried out on sleep training and\\nits effects on babies. The evidence shows that leaving your baby to cry for a\\nshort period of time will not do them any harm (Meltzer et al 2014, Price et\\nal 2012). However, make sure you keep the periods you leave to your baby to no\\nlonger than ten minutes, to avoid them becoming distressed (Mancz & Wigley\\n2017).\\n\\nIf controlled crying isn’t for you there are other \\\"no tears\\\" approaches you\\ncould try, to help your baby sleep.\\n\\nMany sleep experts suggest \\\"gradual retreat\\\". This means putting your baby\\ndown to sleep while they're drowsy but awake. Instead of leaving your baby’s\\nroom, stay by their cot until they fall asleep, patting and stroking them\\nwhenever they need reassurance. Over the course of a few nights, gradually\\nmove further away from their cot until your baby can fall asleep without you\\nbeing in the room with them(Blunden and Baills 2013).\\n\\nAnother approach worth trying is the pick-up, put-down method. If your baby\\nwakes and cries for you, go to them and pick them up, comforting them with a\\nsoothing \\\"Ssh\\\" until they calm. Then place your baby back in their cot.\\n\\nNo single sleep-training method works for all babies. So don’t worry if one\\nparticular method doesn’t suit your baby. Leave it for a couple of weeks, and\\ntry again, or with a different approach, to see what works.\\n\\n## Visit our community\\n\\nStruggling with sleepless nights? Get tips and advice, and vent your feelings\\nto others in the same boat, in our friendly community.\\n\\n## References\\n\\nBASIS nda. Normal sleep development. Baby Sleep Info Source.\\nwww.basisonline.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nBASIS ndb. Sleep Training and Managing Infant Sleep. Baby Sleep Info Source.\\nwww.basisonline.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nBASIS ndc. Sleep training research. Baby Sleep Info Source.\\nwww.basisonline.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nBlunden, S., & Baills, A. 2013. Treatment of Behavioural Sleep Problems:\\nAsking the Parents. Journal of Sleep Disorders: Treatment and Care, 2(2), 1-7.\\nwww.scitechnol.com\\n\\nIHV. 2014. Promoting a healthy sleep routine. Institute of Health Visiting,\\nIHV Parent Tips. www.hct.nhs.uk/[Accessed November2019]\\n\\nKempler L et al. 2016. Do psychosocial sleep interventions improve infant\\nsleep or maternal mood in the postnatal period? A systematic review and meta-\\nanalysis of randomised controlled trials. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 29 (2016)\\n15e22\\n\\nMacLean JE, Fitzgerald DA, Waters KE. 2015. Developmental changes in sleep and\\nbreathing across infancy and childhood. Paediatr Respir Rev.\\nwww.researchgate.net [Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nMancz G, Wigley W. 2017. Long-term outcomes of techniques used to manage sleep\\ndisturbance in the under-5s. Journal of Health Visiting. Vol. 5, No. 1\\n\\nMindell JA, Williamson AA. 2018. Benefits of a bedtime routine in young\\nchildren: Sleep, development, and beyond. Sleep Med Rev. 40:93–108.\\nwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nNHS. 2018. Helping your baby to sleep. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. www.nhs.uk.\\n[Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nSt James-Roberts I, Roberts M, Hovish K et al. 2015.Video Evidence That London\\nInfants Can Resettle Themselves Back to Sleep After Waking in the Night, as\\nwell as Sleep for Long Periods, by 3 Months of Age. Journal of Developmental\\nand Behavioral Pediatrics. 36(5): 324–32 [Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nSimon C, Everitt H, van Dorp F et al 2014. Oxford handbook of general\\npractice.4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press: oxfordmedicine.com[Accessed\\nNovember r 2019]\\n\\nUnicef 2017. Health Professionals’ Guide to Caring for your Baby at Night.\\nwww.unicef.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\\n\\nShow references Hide references\\n\\n### Track your baby’s development\\n\\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\\n\\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nJoin BabyCentre\\n\\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\\n\\nMost popular in Baby\\n\\n * Download our free baby app\\n * Milestone chart: one to six months\\n * How to help your baby sleep through\\n * Your complete weaning guide\\n * Games to play with your baby\\n * Free stuff and great deals\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n * Community\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Find your birth club\\n * Free antenatal classes\\n * Meet local parents & parents-to-be\\n\\nPOPULAR GROUPS\\n\\n * Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\\n * What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\\n * Dynamic debate\\n * Actively trying for a baby\\n * Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\\n * IVF support group\\n * Pregnant for the first time\\n * Baby names\\n * Breastfeeding\\n * Baby-led weaning\\n * Parents of toddlers\\n * Coping with a miscarriage\\n\\nSee all in Community\\n\\n * Getting pregnant\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Before you begin\\n * Ovulation & timing\\n * Quiz: could you be pregnant?\\n * Top 10 signs of pregnancy\\n * Best sex positions\\n * Ovulation calculator\\n * Fertility tips for men\\n * All about pregnancy tests\\n * 9 tips to get pregnant fast\\n * Can you choose your baby's sex?\\n * How age affects fertility\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Trying for a baby\\n * Am I pregnant?\\n * Sex & conception\\n * Infertility & trouble conceiving\\n\\nSee all in Getting Pregnant\\n\\n * Pregnancy\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Symptoms you should never ignore\\n * How big is your baby?\\n * Weekly meal planners\\n * Pregnancy scans\\n * Baby names finder\\n * Due date calculator\\n * Morning sickness remedies\\n * Hospital bag checklist\\n * Predicting your baby's sex\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your pregnancy week by week\\n * How your baby's developing\\n * Dads' guide to pregnancy\\n * Labour & birth\\n * Baby name inspiration\\n * Popular baby names 2020\\n\\nSee all in Pregnancy\\n\\n * Baby\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Bonding with your baby\\n * Breastfeeding for beginners\\n * Find the right formula milk\\n * Buying for your baby\\n * When can your baby sleep through?\\n * Name that rash!\\n * Baby poo: what's normal?\\n * Ways to soothe a crying baby\\n * Teething timeline\\n * The truth about growth spurts\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your baby week by week\\n * Sleep basics\\n * First foods\\n * Baby development\\n * The best baby products\\n\\nSee all in Baby\\n\\n * Toddler\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Dealing with tantrums\\n * Food & fussy eating\\n * Toddler development milestones\\n * When to start potty training\\n * Teething & sleep\\n * Moving from a cot to a bed\\n * Help your child sleep through\\n * Bedtime routines\\n * Learning to talk\\n * Constipation in toddlers\\n * Vomiting: what's normal?\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your toddler month by month\\n * Potty training\\n * Top sleep tips\\n * Games & activities\\n\\nSee all in Toddler\\n\\n * Preschooler\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Top sleep tips for children\\n * How kids learn to share\\n * Coping with aggression\\n * Bedtime battles\\n * When your child won't stay in bed\\n * Anxiety in children\\n * Night terrors\\n * Dealing with public tantrums\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your child month by month\\n * Food ideas & nutrition\\n * Teaching values: empathy to manners\\n * Discipline tactics that work\\n * Easy arts & crafts\\n * Great play ideas\\n * Top tips for starting school\\n\\nSee all in Preschooler\\n\\n * Life as a parent\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Your body after birth\\n * Healthy post-birth weight loss\\n * Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\\n * Managing postnatal depression\\n * The cost of childcare\\n * Your rights & benefits\\n * Sex secrets for parents\\n * Strengthen your post-baby belly\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * First timers: tips and advice\\n * Family horoscopes\\n * Getting back into shape\\n * Your pelvic floor\\n * Life as a mum\\n * Life as a dad\\n * Family finance tips\\n\\nSee all in Life as a Parent\\n\\n * Video\\n\\nTOP VIDEOS\\n\\n * How pregnancy changes your body\\n * What happens during childbirth\\n * What to pack in your hospital bag\\n * The best positions for labour\\n * How to express milk\\n * How to swaddle your baby\\n * Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\\n * Signs of teething\\n * Tummy time tips\\n\\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS\\n\\n * Fetal development stage by stage\\n * Labour & birth\\n * Postnatal exercises\\n * Recipes for weaning & beyond\\n * Baby massage how-to guides\\n * Baby sleep videos\\n\\nSee all in Video\\n\\n### You might also like\\n\\n### You might also like\\n\\nDoes putting Vicks on a baby's feet help them to sleep? (Video)\\n\\nMy child keeps waking up: what can I do? (Video)\\n\\nHow long do baby growth spurts last?\\n\\nLoad more\\n\\nSix practical tips to help your baby sleep\\n\\nWhere does your baby sleep?\\n\\nWhat sleep strategies can I try between newborn and three months?\\n\\nLoad more\\n\\nBest Baby Monitors for 2021\\n\\nMy baby won't sleep at night. What should I do?\\n\\nHow to massage your baby: calming (photos)\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nGet the BabyCentre app\\n\\nThe #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth.\\n\\n### ABOUT BABYCENTRE\\n\\n * About us\\n * Careers\\n * Advertise with us\\n * Media centre\\n * Privacy policy\\n * Terms of use\\n * Cookie Policy\\n\\n * Help centre\\n * Contact us\\n * Community guidelines\\n * Email subscriptions\\n * Account details\\n * Family information\\n\\n### OTHER SITES\\n\\n * BabyCenter US\\n * BabyCenter en Español\\n * Arabia\\n * Australia\\n\\n * Brazil\\n * Canada\\n * Germany\\n * India\\n\\nConnect with us\\n\\nAll contents copyright © BabyCenter, L.L.C. 1997-2021 All rights reserved.\\n\\nThis Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed\\nfor educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health\\nor the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other\\nhealthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this\\nsite. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms\\nof Use.\\n\\nThis site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its\\ncontents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use.\\n\\nWe subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation.\\nVerify here. \\n \\n--- \\n \\n### Support for your parenting journey. Delivered to your inbox.\\n\\n##### My Baby This Week Newsletter\\n\\nKeep up with your baby’s development with personalised weekly newsletters.\\n\\n##### The BabyCentre Bulletin\\n\\nGet the latest parenting news, plus expert advice and real-world wisdom.\\n\\n##### Special Offers from Our Partners\\n\\nReceive discounts, deals and parenting information from BabyCentre’s partners.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/5-sleep-through-the-night-strategies/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20220111051626/https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/5-sleep-through-the-night-strategies/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.\",\n \"Struggling to get your newborn to sleep? These eight strategies will help them snooze through the night, leaving your infant (and you) feeling rested.\",\n \"More than 90 percent of parents want to change something about their child’s sleep routine, according to research by Jodi A. Mindell, Ph.D., a Parents advisor and chair of the Pediatric Sleep Council, a group of leading experts from around the world. Consider these helpful fixes on how to get your baby to sleep through the night.\",\n \"Babies need to wind down, just like you. So start switching gears (low lighting, little noise) about 30 minutes before bed. This helps set your little one’s internal clock.\",\n \"Studies show that the more nights during the week your baby follows a bedtime routine, the better she’ll sleep. Try an evening bath to mark the end of the day; even if you skip the soap, the warm water can induce drowsiness. You can also incorporate other soothing rituals like reading books, singing lullabies, and cuddling.\",\n \"Before you or your partner goes to sleep, gently wake your infant to nurse or bottle-feed. (This will help him wake less often in the coming hours.) Then put him back down while he’s still awake but drowsy.\",\n \"Put your baby to bed at the same time and in the same place each night. If you're thrown off schedule because of a holiday or vacation, don't worry. Just try to get back on track ASAP.\",\n \"You might think an earlier bedtime will lead to an earlier morning, but both babies and toddlers wake up less often and get more total sleep when they hit the sack sooner. Shoot for a bedtime of 7:30 or 8 p.m. for your toddler and expect him to sleep for about ten hours.\",\n \"While you can’t change a newborn’s wake-up time (he’ll always cry when he’s hungry), you can adjust a toddler’s. Try it by using a wake-up light. You can schedule it to glow at a certain hour so he’ll know exactly when it’s okay to call you or burst through your door.\",\n \"It’s normal for toddlers to resist bedtime; kids this age want to practice their newfound independence (plus, they have major FOMO). Give them choices: Would they like to stomp up the stairs like an elephant to get to their room or tiptoe like a mouse? You can also create a chart together that shows every step of the bedtime routine, including how many books you read. This way, you choose when your toddler goes to sleep, but they get to pick the details.\",\n \"Babies can fall asleep on their own by about 5 months, says Heather Turgeon, coauthor of The Happy Sleeper. You should gradually stop soothing methods around this time, or your little one will become hooked. Turgeon recommends practicing with one nap per day, where you cut back on the rocking, shushing, and patting. Then you can slowly incorporate these practices into bedtime, too.\",\n \"MeredithParents.com is part of the Parents Network. © Copyright 2022 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night | Parents\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n## Explore Parents\\n\\nParents Parents\\n\\n## Profile Menu\\n\\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nJoin Now\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Join Now\\n * My Profile\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Newsletters\\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cozi Family Organizer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Help\\n * Logout\\n\\nMy Account\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Join Now\\n * My Profile\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Newsletters\\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cozi Family Organizer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Help\\n * Logout\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nSweepstakes\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\n# How to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night\\n\\nBy Emily Elveru and Erin Zammett Ruddy Updated July 02, 2020\\n\\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\\ncommission.\\n\\nSkip gallery slides\\n\\nPin\\n\\nSmiling Baby Lying on a Bed Sleeping on Blue Sheets\\n\\nCredit: javi_indy/Shutterstock\\n\\nStruggling to get your newborn to sleep? These eight strategies will help them\\nsnooze through the night, leaving your infant (and you) feeling rested.\\n\\nStart Slideshow\\n\\n## 1 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Get Your Baby to Sleep\\n\\nworried mom holding baby daughter\\n\\nCredit: Shutterstock\\n\\nMore than 90 percent of parents want to change something about their child’s\\nsleep routine, according to research by Jodi A. Mindell, Ph.D., a Parents\\nadvisor and chair of the Pediatric Sleep Council, a group of leading experts\\nfrom around the world. Consider these helpful fixes on how to get your baby to\\nsleep through the night.\\n\\n## 1 of 9\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## 2 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Limit distractions.\\n\\ndad holding newborn\\n\\nCredit: Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock\\n\\nBabies need to wind down, just like you. So start switching gears (low\\nlighting, little noise) about 30 minutes before bed. This helps set your\\nlittle one’s internal clock.\\n\\n * RELATED: How to Put a Baby to Sleep\\n\\n## 2 of 9\\n\\n## 3 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Believe in the power of a bedtime routine.\\n\\nsharing bed with baby\\n\\nCredit: Pixabay/smpratt90\\n\\nStudies show that the more nights during the week your baby follows a bedtime\\nroutine, the better she’ll sleep. Try an evening bath to mark the end of the\\nday; even if you skip the soap, the warm water can induce drowsiness. You can\\nalso incorporate other soothing rituals like reading books, singing lullabies,\\nand cuddling.\\n\\n## 3 of 9\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## 4 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Offer one last feeding.\\n\\nDark Hair Woman Breastfeeding Baby Gray Shirt\\n\\nCredit: Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock\\n\\nBefore you or your partner goes to sleep, gently wake your infant to nurse or\\nbottle-feed. (This will help him wake less often in the coming hours.) Then\\nput him back down while he’s still awake but drowsy.\\n\\n * RELATED: Sleep Training Your Baby: 7 Tips for Success\\n\\n## 4 of 9\\n\\n## 5 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Stick with it.\\n\\nHow to Establish a Routine With Baby\\n\\nPut your baby to bed at the same time and in the same place each night. If\\nyou're thrown off schedule because of a holiday or vacation, don't worry. Just\\ntry to get back on track ASAP.\\n\\n## 5 of 9\\n\\n## 6 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Head to bed sooner.\\n\\nnewborn and mom on maternity leave\\n\\nCredit: OndroM/Shutterstock\\n\\nYou might think an earlier bedtime will lead to an earlier morning, but both\\nbabies and toddlers wake up less often and get more total sleep when they hit\\nthe sack sooner. Shoot for a bedtime of 7:30 or 8 p.m. for your toddler and\\nexpect him to sleep for about ten hours.\\n\\n * RELATED: Choosing the Best Sleep Training Method\\n\\n## 6 of 9\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## 7 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Delay an early riser.\\n\\nBaby Crying In Crib Arm Reaching Out\\n\\nCredit: Igor Sokolov (breeze)/Shutterstock\\n\\nWhile you can’t change a newborn’s wake-up time (he’ll always cry when he’s\\nhungry), you can adjust a toddler’s. Try it by using a wake-up light. You can\\nschedule it to glow at a certain hour so he’ll know exactly when it’s okay to\\ncall you or burst through your door.\\n\\n## 7 of 9\\n\\n## 8 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Make bedtime fun.\\n\\nMom Laughing Parenting Humor\\n\\nCredit: Shutterstock\\n\\nIt’s normal for toddlers to resist bedtime; kids this age want to practice\\ntheir newfound independence (plus, they have major FOMO). Give them choices:\\nWould they like to stomp up the stairs like an elephant to get to their room\\nor tiptoe like a mouse? You can also create a chart together that shows every\\nstep of the bedtime routine, including how many books you read. This way, you\\nchoose when your toddler goes to sleep, but they get to pick the details.\\n\\n * RELATED: All About Baby Sleep Regression\\n\\n## 8 of 9\\n\\n## 9 of 9\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n### Don't rely on soothing methods.\\n\\nAsian Mother Holding Baby Bright Room Windows\\n\\nCredit: paulaphoto/Shutterstock\\n\\nBabies can fall asleep on their own by about 5 months, says Heather Turgeon,\\ncoauthor of The Happy Sleeper. You should gradually stop soothing methods\\naround this time, or your little one will become hooked. Turgeon recommends\\npracticing with one nap per day, where you cut back on the rocking, shushing,\\nand patting. Then you can slowly incorporate these practices into bedtime,\\ntoo.\\n\\n## 9 of 9\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nReplay gallery\\n\\n## Share the Gallery\\n\\nPinterest Facebook\\n\\n## Up Next\\n\\n## Share the Gallery\\n\\nPinterest Facebook\\n\\nTrending Videos\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nSkip slide summaries\\n\\n## Everything in This Slideshow\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## View All\\n\\n1 of 9 Get Your Baby to Sleep\\n\\n2 of 9 Limit distractions.\\n\\n3 of 9 Believe in the power of a bedtime routine.\\n\\n4 of 9 Offer one last feeding.\\n\\n5 of 9 Stick with it.\\n\\n6 of 9 Head to bed sooner.\\n\\n7 of 9 Delay an early riser.\\n\\n8 of 9 Make bedtime fun.\\n\\n9 of 9 Don't rely on soothing methods.\\n\\n## Share & More\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n## Shop | Parents\\n\\n * Diaper Bags\\n * Maternity Clothing\\n * Prenatal Vitamins\\n * Car Seats\\n * Breast Pumps\\n * Maternity Dresses\\n * Baby Shower Gifts\\n * Baby Gates\\n * Pregnancy Pillows\\n * Kids Backpacks\\n * Shop More\\n\\nParents may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\\nlinks contained on this website.\\n\\nParents\\n\\nOther Meredith Sites\\n\\n## Other Meredith Sites\\n\\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * More this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\\n * People this link opens in a new tab\\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nMeredithParents.com is part of the Parents Network. © Copyright 2022 Meredith\\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\\nTerms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a\\nnew tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web\\nAccessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\\n\\n© Copyright Parents. All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.parents.com\\n\\n## Sign in\\n\\n## View image\\n\\nHow to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night\\n\\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\\nguidelines.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051346/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-newborn-and-three-months\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210126000452/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051346/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-newborn-and-three-months\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What sleep strategies can I try between newborn and three months?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In her first three months, your newborn will sleep a lot. She will need to wake often for a feed though. She’ll probably have around two to three hours sleep between feeds at first, during the day and at night. She has a small tummy which can’t hold much milk, so sleeping for short periods is normal. By the time she’s three months old, she may be sleeping for longer stretches, around five hours, at night.\",\n \"You'll need to prepare yourself for lots of interrupted sleep in those first few weeks. Try to go with the flow. If you can, sleep when your baby does, during the day. This will mean getting your partner, if you have one, to do their fair share around the house. Ask friends or family members too for support, so you can get the rest you need.\",\n \"Try to remember that this phase doesn’t last long. Your baby will start to be able to settle herself to sleep from about three months old, although this doesn’t mean that she will! But you can help her work up to this, by slowly developing some good sleep habits.\",\n \"Put your baby down to sleep when she’s drowsy, but still awake. To begin with, your baby may cry when you put her down. You can help her learn to self-settle by comforting her when she cries at first. But over a period of days and weeks, the idea is to slowly get her used to going to sleep without you. You can do this by gradually reducing the time you spend with her, and changing the things you do to settle her to sleep (Blunden 2013).\",\n \"So, you could start by cuddling her until she goes to sleep, then move on to patting her gently, to eventually just being by her side while she falls asleep. The idea is that eventually your baby will be able to fall asleep without you in the room at all. Once your baby can fall asleep on her own at bedtime, she may find it easier to settle herself when she wakes during the night.\",\n \"Your baby doesn’t start to develop her own sleeping rhythm (circadian rhythm) until she’s about ten weeks old. That means her body begins to know the difference between day and night, and she’ll start to sleep mostly at night and be awake for more of the day.\",\n \"You can help encourage her to recognise the difference between night and day. Keep things light and bright during the day. Be chatty during daytime feeds, and play with her. Look out for sleep cues too during the day though and if she’s tired put her down for a nap.\",\n \"During night-time feeds, keep things calm and quiet. It’s a good idea to keep eye contact and talking to a minimum and keep the lights and the noise down to encourage your baby to drift off again.\",\n \"Swaddling your baby may soothe her. For some babies it's a powerful trigger for sleep, but other babies don’t enjoy it. If you decide you want to swaddle your baby, the advice is to do it from birth, rather than starting later when your baby is a few months old. You should also do it for both day and nighttime sleep.\",\n \"Always allow enough room for your baby to move her hips and knees freely. Use thin materials, don’t swaddle too tightly and check your baby’s temperature to make sure she doesn’t get too hot. Don’t swaddle above her shoulders either, her neck or head should never be covered. Only swaddle your baby when she’s in her cot or Moses basket and not in your bed and make sure you put her to sleep on her back. Find out more about swaddling safely.\",\n \"When your baby reaches the three-month milestone and she’s starting to understand day and night more, you can introduce a bedtime routine. What you include is up to you, whether it’s a bath, reading a story, having a cuddle or giving her a feed before putting her down. Your baby will appreciate having a predictable bedtime routine and it will help her to understand that sleep is on its way. Studies have shown that a consistent bedtime routine helps babies drift off to sleep more quickly and sleep for longer.\",\n \"* Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\\n* What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\\n* Dynamic debate\\n* Actively trying for a baby\\n* Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\\n* IVF support group\\n* Pregnant for the first time\\n* Baby names\\n* Breastfeeding\\n* Baby-led weaning\\n* Parents of toddlers\\n* Coping with a miscarriage\\nSee all in Community\",\n \"* Before you begin\\n* Ovulation & timing\\n* Quiz: could you be pregnant?\\n* Top 10 signs of pregnancy\\n* Best sex positions\\n* Ovulation calculator\\n* Fertility tips for men\\n* All about pregnancy tests\\n* 9 tips to get pregnant fast\\n* Can you choose your baby's sex?\\n* How age affects fertility\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Trying for a baby\\n* Am I pregnant?\\n* Sex & conception\\n* Infertility & trouble conceiving\\nSee all in Getting Pregnant\",\n \"* Symptoms you should never ignore\\n* How big is your baby?\\n* Weekly meal planners\\n* Pregnancy scans\\n* Baby names finder\\n* Due date calculator\\n* Morning sickness remedies\\n* Hospital bag checklist\\n* Predicting your baby's sex\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your pregnancy week by week\\n* How your baby's developing\\n* Dads' guide to pregnancy\\n* Labour & birth\\n* Baby name inspiration\\n* Popular baby names 2020\\nSee all in Pregnancy\",\n \"* Bonding with your baby\\n* Breastfeeding for beginners\\n* Find the right formula milk\\n* Buying for your baby\\n* When can your baby sleep through?\\n* Name that rash!\\n* Baby poo: what's normal?\\n* Ways to soothe a crying baby\\n* Teething timeline\\n* The truth about growth spurts\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your baby week by week\\n* Sleep basics\\n* First foods\\n* Baby development\\n* The best baby products\\nSee all in Baby\",\n \"* Dealing with tantrums\\n* Food & fussy eating\\n* Toddler development milestones\\n* When to start potty training\\n* Teething & sleep\\n* Moving from a cot to a bed\\n* Help your child sleep through\\n* Bedtime routines\\n* Learning to talk\\n* Constipation in toddlers\\n* Vomiting: what's normal?\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your toddler month by month\\n* Potty training\\n* Top sleep tips\\n* Games & activities\\nSee all in Toddler\",\n \"* Top sleep tips for children\\n* How kids learn to share\\n* Coping with aggression\\n* Bedtime battles\\n* When your child won't stay in bed\\n* Anxiety in children\\n* Night terrors\\n* Dealing with public tantrums\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your child month by month\\n* Food ideas & nutrition\\n* Teaching values: empathy to manners\\n* Discipline tactics that work\\n* Easy arts & crafts\\n* Great play ideas\\n* Top tips for starting school\\nSee all in Preschooler\",\n \"* Your body after birth\\n* Healthy post-birth weight loss\\n* Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\\n* Managing postnatal depression\\n* The cost of childcare\\n* Your rights & benefits\\n* Sex secrets for parents\\n* Strengthen your post-baby belly\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* First timers: tips and advice\\n* Family horoscopes\\n* Getting back into shape\\n* Your pelvic floor\\n* Life as a mum\\n* Life as a dad\\n* Family finance tips\\nSee all in Life as a Parent\",\n \"* How pregnancy changes your body\\n* What happens during childbirth\\n* What to pack in your hospital bag\\n* The best positions for labour\\n* How to express milk\\n* How to swaddle your baby\\n* Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\\n* Signs of teething\\n* Tummy time tips\\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS\",\n \"* Fetal development stage by stage\\n* Labour & birth\\n* Postnatal exercises\\n* Recipes for weaning & beyond\\n* Baby massage how-to guides\\n* Baby sleep videos\\nSee all in Video\",\n \"This Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health or the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this site. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms of Use.\",\n \"This site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its contents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What sleep strategies can I try between newborn and three months? - BabyCentre\\nUK\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n### Baby\\n\\nCommunity groups\\n\\nBirth ClubsBabiesBreastfeedingSolid foods and weaningSee all baby groups\\n\\nHome Baby Sleep Sleep problems and solutions\\n\\nQuestion\\n\\n# What sleep strategies can I try between newborn and three months?\\n\\nExpert Answer\\n\\n## Harriet Gibbs\\n\\nHealth visitor\\n\\nIn her first three months, your newborn will sleep a lot. She will need to\\nwake often for a feed though. She’ll probably have around two to three hours\\nsleep between feeds at first, during the day and at night. She has a small\\ntummy which can’t hold much milk, so sleeping for short periods is normal. By\\nthe time she’s three months old, she may be sleeping for longer stretches,\\naround five hours, at night.\\n\\nYou'll need to prepare yourself for lots of interrupted sleep in those first\\nfew weeks. Try to go with the flow. If you can, sleep when your baby does,\\nduring the day. This will mean getting your partner, if you have one, to do\\ntheir fair share around the house. Ask friends or family members too for\\nsupport, so you can get the rest you need.\\n\\nTry to remember that this phase doesn’t last long. Your baby will start to be\\nable to settle herself to sleep from about three months old, although this\\ndoesn’t mean that she will! But you can help her work up to this, by slowly\\ndeveloping some good sleep habits.\\n\\nPut your baby down to sleep when she’s drowsy, but still awake. To begin with,\\nyour baby may cry when you put her down. You can help her learn to self-settle\\nby comforting her when she cries at first. But over a period of days and\\nweeks, the idea is to slowly get her used to going to sleep without you. You\\ncan do this by gradually reducing the time you spend with her, and changing\\nthe things you do to settle her to sleep (Blunden 2013).\\n\\nSo, you could start by cuddling her until she goes to sleep, then move on to\\npatting her gently, to eventually just being by her side while she falls\\nasleep. The idea is that eventually your baby will be able to fall asleep\\nwithout you in the room at all. Once your baby can fall asleep on her own at\\nbedtime, she may find it easier to settle herself when she wakes during the\\nnight.\\n\\nYour baby doesn’t start to develop her own sleeping rhythm (circadian rhythm)\\nuntil she’s about ten weeks old. That means her body begins to know the\\ndifference between day and night, and she’ll start to sleep mostly at night\\nand be awake for more of the day.\\n\\nYou can help encourage her to recognise the difference between night and day.\\nKeep things light and bright during the day. Be chatty during daytime feeds,\\nand play with her. Look out for sleep cues too during the day though and if\\nshe’s tired put her down for a nap.\\n\\nDuring night-time feeds, keep things calm and quiet. It’s a good idea to keep\\neye contact and talking to a minimum and keep the lights and the noise down to\\nencourage your baby to drift off again.\\n\\nSwaddling your baby may soothe her. For some babies it's a powerful trigger\\nfor sleep, but other babies don’t enjoy it. If you decide you want to swaddle\\nyour baby, the advice is to do it from birth, rather than starting later when\\nyour baby is a few months old. You should also do it for both day and\\nnighttime sleep.\\n\\nAlways allow enough room for your baby to move her hips and knees freely. Use\\nthin materials, don’t swaddle too tightly and check your baby’s temperature to\\nmake sure she doesn’t get too hot. Don’t swaddle above her shoulders either,\\nher neck or head should never be covered. Only swaddle your baby when she’s in\\nher cot or Moses basket and not in your bed and make sure you put her to sleep\\non her back. Find out more about swaddling safely.\\n\\nWhen your baby reaches the three-month milestone and she’s starting to\\nunderstand day and night more, you can introduce a bedtime routine. What you\\ninclude is up to you, whether it’s a bath, reading a story, having a cuddle or\\ngiving her a feed before putting her down. Your baby will appreciate having a\\npredictable bedtime routine and it will help her to understand that sleep is\\non its way. Studies have shown that a consistent bedtime routine helps babies\\ndrift off to sleep more quickly and sleep for longer.\\n\\nTake a look at sleep strategies you can try between three and six months.\\n\\nLast reviewed: February 2020\\n\\n### Track your baby’s development\\n\\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\\n\\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nJoin BabyCentre\\n\\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\\n\\nMost popular in Baby\\n\\n * Download our free baby app\\n * Milestone chart: one to six months\\n * How to help your baby sleep through\\n * Your complete weaning guide\\n * Games to play with your baby\\n * Free stuff and great deals\\n\\n * Community\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Find your birth club\\n * Free antenatal classes\\n * Meet local parents & parents-to-be\\n\\nPOPULAR GROUPS\\n\\n * Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\\n * What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\\n * Dynamic debate\\n * Actively trying for a baby\\n * Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\\n * IVF support group\\n * Pregnant for the first time\\n * Baby names\\n * Breastfeeding\\n * Baby-led weaning\\n * Parents of toddlers\\n * Coping with a miscarriage\\n\\nSee all in Community\\n\\n * Getting pregnant\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Before you begin\\n * Ovulation & timing\\n * Quiz: could you be pregnant?\\n * Top 10 signs of pregnancy\\n * Best sex positions\\n * Ovulation calculator\\n * Fertility tips for men\\n * All about pregnancy tests\\n * 9 tips to get pregnant fast\\n * Can you choose your baby's sex?\\n * How age affects fertility\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Trying for a baby\\n * Am I pregnant?\\n * Sex & conception\\n * Infertility & trouble conceiving\\n\\nSee all in Getting Pregnant\\n\\n * Pregnancy\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Symptoms you should never ignore\\n * How big is your baby?\\n * Weekly meal planners\\n * Pregnancy scans\\n * Baby names finder\\n * Due date calculator\\n * Morning sickness remedies\\n * Hospital bag checklist\\n * Predicting your baby's sex\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your pregnancy week by week\\n * How your baby's developing\\n * Dads' guide to pregnancy\\n * Labour & birth\\n * Baby name inspiration\\n * Popular baby names 2020\\n\\nSee all in Pregnancy\\n\\n * Baby\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Bonding with your baby\\n * Breastfeeding for beginners\\n * Find the right formula milk\\n * Buying for your baby\\n * When can your baby sleep through?\\n * Name that rash!\\n * Baby poo: what's normal?\\n * Ways to soothe a crying baby\\n * Teething timeline\\n * The truth about growth spurts\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your baby week by week\\n * Sleep basics\\n * First foods\\n * Baby development\\n * The best baby products\\n\\nSee all in Baby\\n\\n * Toddler\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Dealing with tantrums\\n * Food & fussy eating\\n * Toddler development milestones\\n * When to start potty training\\n * Teething & sleep\\n * Moving from a cot to a bed\\n * Help your child sleep through\\n * Bedtime routines\\n * Learning to talk\\n * Constipation in toddlers\\n * Vomiting: what's normal?\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your toddler month by month\\n * Potty training\\n * Top sleep tips\\n * Games & activities\\n\\nSee all in Toddler\\n\\n * Preschooler\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Top sleep tips for children\\n * How kids learn to share\\n * Coping with aggression\\n * Bedtime battles\\n * When your child won't stay in bed\\n * Anxiety in children\\n * Night terrors\\n * Dealing with public tantrums\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * Your child month by month\\n * Food ideas & nutrition\\n * Teaching values: empathy to manners\\n * Discipline tactics that work\\n * Easy arts & crafts\\n * Great play ideas\\n * Top tips for starting school\\n\\nSee all in Preschooler\\n\\n * Life as a parent\\n\\nTOP RESOURCES\\n\\n * Your body after birth\\n * Healthy post-birth weight loss\\n * Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\\n * Managing postnatal depression\\n * The cost of childcare\\n * Your rights & benefits\\n * Sex secrets for parents\\n * Strengthen your post-baby belly\\n\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\\n\\n * First timers: tips and advice\\n * Family horoscopes\\n * Getting back into shape\\n * Your pelvic floor\\n * Life as a mum\\n * Life as a dad\\n * Family finance tips\\n\\nSee all in Life as a Parent\\n\\n * Video\\n\\nTOP VIDEOS\\n\\n * How pregnancy changes your body\\n * What happens during childbirth\\n * What to pack in your hospital bag\\n * The best positions for labour\\n * How to express milk\\n * How to swaddle your baby\\n * Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\\n * Signs of teething\\n * Tummy time tips\\n\\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS\\n\\n * Fetal development stage by stage\\n * Labour & birth\\n * Postnatal exercises\\n * Recipes for weaning & beyond\\n * Baby massage how-to guides\\n * Baby sleep videos\\n\\nSee all in Video\\n\\n### You might also like\\n\\n### You might also like\\n\\nWhat can I do when my baby won't nap?\\n\\nBedtime routines for babies\\n\\nYour newborn’s senses (Video)\\n\\nLoad more\\n\\nHow can I get my baby to sleep through the night?\\n\\nHow can I help my baby adjust to a different time zone?\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nGet the BabyCentre app\\n\\nThe #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth.\\n\\n### ABOUT BABYCENTRE\\n\\n * About us\\n * Careers\\n * Advertise with us\\n * Media centre\\n * Privacy policy\\n * Terms of use\\n * Cookie Policy\\n\\n * Help centre\\n * Contact us\\n * Community guidelines\\n * Email subscriptions\\n * Account details\\n * Family information\\n\\n### OTHER SITES\\n\\n * BabyCenter US\\n * BabyCenter en Español\\n * Arabia\\n * Australia\\n * Brazil\\n\\n * Canada\\n * France\\n * Germany\\n * India\\n * Malaysia\\n\\nConnect with us\\n\\nAll contents copyright © BabyCenter, L.L.C. 1997-2021 All rights reserved.\\n\\nThis Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed\\nfor educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health\\nor the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other\\nhealthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this\\nsite. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms\\nof Use.\\n\\nThis site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its\\ncontents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use.\\n\\nWe subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation.\\nVerify here. \\n \\n--- \\n \\n### Support for your parenting journey. Delivered to your inbox.\\n\\n##### My Baby This Week Newsletter\\n\\nKeep up with your baby’s development with personalised weekly newsletters.\\n\\n##### The BabyCentre Bulletin\\n\\nGet the latest parenting news, plus expert advice and real-world wisdom.\\n\\n##### Special Offers from Our Partners\\n\\nReceive discounts, deals and parenting information from BabyCentre’s partners.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://sleeplady.com/newborn-sleep/8-strategies-improve-infant-sleep-naturally/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210414192524/https://sleeplady.com/newborn-sleep/8-strategies-improve-infant-sleep-naturally/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"8 Strategies to Improve Infant Sleep Naturally\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Babies are naturally terrible sleepers. As parents we often feel it is best to do what nature intended, but when it comes to sleep this can be challenging. It’s completely normal for babies to wake during the night when they need to be fed, comforted, or calmed. If you have an infant, night wakings are something that you need to accept, however some babies do wake up more than others, and some take longer to get back to sleep. There are several gentle and natural strategies that can nurture good sleep habits in your baby. Using these simple strategies may improve the length and quality of your baby’s sleep, as well as reduce the amount of time it takes to settle your baby, resulting in better sleep for both you and your baby.\",\n \"Having your baby sleep in close proximity to you has several advantages. Not only will it give you peace of mind, keeping your baby close increases emotional bonds and reduces stress levels in both you and your baby. Keeping your baby close while he sleeps enables you to respond quickly, which means that your baby can be calmed before he gets too upset, making it easier to calm him down. If your baby is stirring, a comforting touch may be all the reassurance he needs. Research has shown that babies who sleep near their parents have improved sleep. Babies who slept in close proximity to mom were shown to cry less and sleep more. When those babies kept close to mom wake up, they may fall asleep faster and as a bonus, you can get more rest as it is easier to meet your baby’s needs without having to get out of bed. Keeping your baby close also provides peace of mind that your baby is well. The American Academy of Pediatric (AAP) recommends that babies sleep in the same room as parents yet on a separate sleep surface for the first 6 months. Responding to and comforting your baby will give him a solid foundation for good sleep habits later on. When your child is secure in his relationship with you, it also helps him to be more independent when he is older. Nursing, feeding, or comforting your infant to sleep (or back to sleep) is both normal and natural. So during these early months, there is no need to worry about spoiling or creating “bad habits.”\",\n \"Our circadian rhythm (a fancy name for our body clocks) responds primarily to light and dark. Your baby’s circadian rhythm is still developing over these first few months, and exposure to natural light will help get things sorted out. To do this, make sure your curtains are open as you move about your regular activities during the day. Naps don’t always need to be in your baby’s crib. A bassinette in the living room will help him sense the daytime rhythm of your house, although as your baby gets older and has a good day and night rhythm you’ll find that he will nap best in a dark, quiet place. Keep your baby’s room dark and quiet at night to help promote sleep. Use dim (or ambient) lighting when tending to your baby’s needs at night. Use only the minimum amount you need to see what you’re doing. A small flash light, night light, or the light from your phone would work great.\",\n \"Fresh air is highly underrated. Exposure to fresh air during the day will not only improve your baby’s sleep, but it helps clean our lungs and increases oxygen intake. After your baby is a few weeks old, make outdoor walks a priority during your daily routine. Open the windows, relax on the patio, and enjoy the great outdoors. Of course, be mindful of the temperature and remember to dress your baby appropriately.\",\n \"Most babies love to be held or carried, and there are many options that make this task easier. Babywearning can promote a calm and peacefulness in your baby and you that will often transfer to better nighttime sleep. Skin to skin contact can further increase this effect. According to researchers Hunzike & Barr, “Carrying infants from 3-4 hours per day reduces the duration of infant crying/fussing behavior generally as much as 43% at six weeks of age.”\",\n \"Sleep during the day will improve your baby’s night sleep. Many parents with sleep concerns will try to restrict naps in hopes that it will improve night sleep. This usually backfires, since when babies get overtired, it makes it harder to fall asleep and reduces the quality of sleep when your baby does fall asleep. Restricting daytime sleep can result in more sleep disturbances and your baby waking up very early in the morning. For some, this can become a vicious cycle. For now, help your baby get daytime sleep anyway you can. Stationary sleep (quietly lying still in their crib) is the best option, but motion sleep (swings, carriers, rocking, holding, driving) is definitely better than no sleep. Studies have shown that your baby is more likely to sleep well at night if he gets plenty of sleep during the day. Most babies can only be awake for a maximum of 1 to 2 hours before becoming overtired; in the early weeks of your baby’s life this wakefulness window will be even shorter. Try to watch for your baby’s sleepy signs and get him down to sleep before he is overtired. Achieving adequate daytime sleep can be more difficult for some children. If you are having difficulty getting your baby to nap, try holding him, using a carrier, or motion sleep. Naps will get more organized as your baby gets closer to 6 months old. Before this age, you may need to take extra measures to help get your baby to sleep. If you find something that works, use it.\",\n \"Studies have shown that infant massage can improve sleep at night. Infant massage works best in a calm, warm, quiet room. There are a variety of techniques, so if you’re not sure how to get started, an on-line tutorial or instruction book can give you some ideas of where to begin. Make sure you calm yourself first, and pay attention to how your baby is responding to the massage. It may take a little patience and practice before it becomes a relaxing time to bond and wind down from the day.\",\n \"Babies will often cluster feed in the evening, seemingly wanting to eat nonstop for a few hours. This is completely normal infant behaviour. Allow your baby to nurse for as long and as often as he wants. He may be hungry, or he may also just need this time to settle and have one-on-one time with you. Evening breast milk contains melatonin (a natural hormone your body produces to help you fall asleep), which can be passed to your baby and help him fall asleep. Not surprisingly, cluster feeding is often followed by a longer stretch of sleep.\",\n \"Interestingly, a lower body temperature promotes sleep, so cooler temperatures in the evening and through the night may aid in a good night’s sleep for both you and your baby. The current AAP recommendation is to set your child’s room temperature in a range that is comfortable for a lightly clothed adult and avoid over dressing you baby. As an adult, you may have noticed that it’s easier to sleep in a cool room with a blanket than a warm room without one. Not surprisingly, it’s the same for your baby. These gentle strategies are natural ways to help improve sleep for your baby during these early months, however they can also improve sleep for older children as well as for you. Sleep research has come a long way in the last 10 years and it’s refreshing that many of the things that parents find intuitive to do, have also been proven to be healthy and beneficial for their children. Andrea Strang is an exceptional addition to the team. She’s been working with babies for over 13 years, and has compiled a nearly unmatched record of over 10,000 hours of hands-on experience working with babies right in the home. On top of that, Andrea’s a Certified Gentle Sleep Coach and a Birth and Postpartum Doula.\",\n \"My name is Kim West, and I’m the mother of two beautiful girls, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been a practicing child and family therapist for more than 21 years, and the creator of the original gentle, proven method to get a good night’s sleep for you and your child. My sleep journey began when I started experimenting with gently shaping my daughter’s sleep by not following the conventional wisdom at the time. After having success (and then more success with my second daughter!), I began helping family and friends and my step-by-step method spread like wildfire, exactly like an excellent night of sleep for a tired parent should!\",\n \"The testimonial statements are made by actual clients and represent reported results for the services offered by these providers. Consultants do not offer medical advice. If you have any medical concerns you should consult your doctor.\",\n \"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"8 Strategies to Improve Infant Sleep Naturally\\n\\nBabies are naturally terrible sleepers. As parents we often feel it is best to\\ndo what nature intended, but when it comes to sleep this can be challenging.\\nIt’s completely normal for babies to wake during the night when they need to\\nbe fed, comforted, or calmed. If you have an infant, night wakings are\\nsomething that you need to accept, however some babies do wake up more than\\nothers, and some take longer to get back to sleep. There are several gentle\\nand natural strategies that can nurture good sleep habits in your baby. Using\\nthese simple strategies may improve the length and quality of your baby’s\\nsleep, as well as reduce the amount of time it takes to settle your baby,\\nresulting in better sleep for both you and your baby.\\n\\n## Keep Your Baby Close\\n\\nHaving your baby sleep in close proximity to you has several advantages. Not\\nonly will it give you peace of mind, keeping your baby close increases\\nemotional bonds and reduces stress levels in both you and your baby. Keeping\\nyour baby close while he sleeps enables you to respond quickly, which means\\nthat your baby can be calmed before he gets too upset, making it easier to\\ncalm him down. If your baby is stirring, a comforting touch may be all the\\nreassurance he needs. Research has shown that babies who sleep near their\\nparents have improved sleep. Babies who slept in close proximity to mom were\\nshown to cry less and sleep more. When those babies kept close to mom wake up,\\nthey may fall asleep faster and as a bonus, you can get more rest as it is\\neasier to meet your baby’s needs without having to get out of bed. Keeping\\nyour baby close also provides peace of mind that your baby is well. The\\nAmerican Academy of Pediatric (AAP) recommends that babies sleep in the same\\nroom as parents yet on a separate sleep surface for the first 6 months.\\nResponding to and comforting your baby will give him a solid foundation for\\ngood sleep habits later on. When your child is secure in his relationship with\\nyou, it also helps him to be more independent when he is older. Nursing,\\nfeeding, or comforting your infant to sleep (or back to sleep) is both normal\\nand natural. So during these early months, there is no need to worry about\\nspoiling or creating “bad habits.”\\n\\n## Be Aware of Your Infant’s Light Exposure\\n\\nOur circadian rhythm (a fancy name for our body clocks) responds primarily to\\nlight and dark. Your baby’s circadian rhythm is still developing over these\\nfirst few months, and exposure to natural light will help get things sorted\\nout. To do this, make sure your curtains are open as you move about your\\nregular activities during the day. Naps don’t always need to be in your baby’s\\ncrib. A bassinette in the living room will help him sense the daytime rhythm\\nof your house, although as your baby gets older and has a good day and night\\nrhythm you’ll find that he will nap best in a dark, quiet place. Keep your\\nbaby’s room dark and quiet at night to help promote sleep. Use dim (or\\nambient) lighting when tending to your baby’s needs at night. Use only the\\nminimum amount you need to see what you’re doing. A small flash light, night\\nlight, or the light from your phone would work great.\\n\\n## Get Outside\\n\\nFresh air is highly underrated. Exposure to fresh air during the day will not\\nonly improve your baby’s sleep, but it helps clean our lungs and increases\\noxygen intake. After your baby is a few weeks old, make outdoor walks a\\npriority during your daily routine. Open the windows, relax on the patio, and\\nenjoy the great outdoors. Of course, be mindful of the temperature and\\nremember to dress your baby appropriately.\\n\\n## Carry Your Baby\\n\\nMost babies love to be held or carried, and there are many options that make\\nthis task easier. Babywearning can promote a calm and peacefulness in your\\nbaby and you that will often transfer to better nighttime sleep. Skin to skin\\ncontact can further increase this effect. According to researchers Hunzike &\\nBarr, “Carrying infants from 3-4 hours per day reduces the duration of infant\\ncrying/fussing behavior generally as much as 43% at six weeks of age.”\\n\\n## Make Daytime Infant Sleep a Priority\\n\\nSleep during the day will improve your baby’s night sleep. Many parents with\\nsleep concerns will try to restrict naps in hopes that it will improve night\\nsleep. This usually backfires, since when babies get overtired, it makes it\\nharder to fall asleep and reduces the quality of sleep when your baby does\\nfall asleep. Restricting daytime sleep can result in more sleep disturbances\\nand your baby waking up very early in the morning. For some, this can become a\\nvicious cycle. For now, help your baby get daytime sleep anyway you can.\\nStationary sleep (quietly lying still in their crib) is the best option, but\\nmotion sleep (swings, carriers, rocking, holding, driving) is definitely\\nbetter than no sleep. Studies have shown that your baby is more likely to\\nsleep well at night if he gets plenty of sleep during the day. Most babies can\\nonly be awake for a maximum of 1 to 2 hours before becoming overtired; in the\\nearly weeks of your baby’s life this wakefulness window will be even shorter.\\nTry to watch for your baby’s sleepy signs and get him down to sleep before he\\nis overtired. Achieving adequate daytime sleep can be more difficult for some\\nchildren. If you are having difficulty getting your baby to nap, try holding\\nhim, using a carrier, or motion sleep. Naps will get more organized as your\\nbaby gets closer to 6 months old. Before this age, you may need to take extra\\nmeasures to help get your baby to sleep. If you find something that works, use\\nit.\\n\\n## Try Infant Massage\\n\\nStudies have shown that infant massage can improve sleep at night. Infant\\nmassage works best in a calm, warm, quiet room. There are a variety of\\ntechniques, so if you’re not sure how to get started, an on-line tutorial or\\ninstruction book can give you some ideas of where to begin. Make sure you calm\\nyourself first, and pay attention to how your baby is responding to the\\nmassage. It may take a little patience and practice before it becomes a\\nrelaxing time to bond and wind down from the day.\\n\\n## Breastfeed in the Evening\\n\\nBabies will often cluster feed in the evening, seemingly wanting to eat\\nnonstop for a few hours. This is completely normal infant behaviour. Allow\\nyour baby to nurse for as long and as often as he wants. He may be hungry, or\\nhe may also just need this time to settle and have one-on-one time with you.\\nEvening breast milk contains melatonin (a natural hormone your body produces\\nto help you fall asleep), which can be passed to your baby and help him fall\\nasleep. Not surprisingly, cluster feeding is often followed by a longer\\nstretch of sleep.\\n\\n## Find the Ideal Temperature to Promote Infant Sleep\\n\\nInterestingly, a lower body temperature promotes sleep, so cooler temperatures\\nin the evening and through the night may aid in a good night’s sleep for both\\nyou and your baby. The current AAP recommendation is to set your child’s room\\ntemperature in a range that is comfortable for a lightly clothed adult and\\navoid over dressing you baby. As an adult, you may have noticed that it’s\\neasier to sleep in a cool room with a blanket than a warm room without one.\\nNot surprisingly, it’s the same for your baby. These gentle strategies are\\nnatural ways to help improve sleep for your baby during these early months,\\nhowever they can also improve sleep for older children as well as for you.\\nSleep research has come a long way in the last 10 years and it’s refreshing\\nthat many of the things that parents find intuitive to do, have also been\\nproven to be healthy and beneficial for their children. Andrea Strang is an\\nexceptional addition to the team. She’s been working with babies for over 13\\nyears, and has compiled a nearly unmatched record of over 10,000 hours of\\nhands-on experience working with babies right in the home. On top of that,\\nAndrea’s a Certified Gentle Sleep Coach and a Birth and Postpartum Doula.\\n\\nAuthor: The Sleep Lady\\n\\nMy name is Kim West, and I’m the mother of two beautiful girls, a Licensed\\nClinical Social Worker who has been a practicing child and family therapist\\nfor more than 21 years, and the creator of the original gentle, proven method\\nto get a good night’s sleep for you and your child. My sleep journey began\\nwhen I started experimenting with gently shaping my daughter’s sleep by not\\nfollowing the conventional wisdom at the time. After having success (and then\\nmore success with my second daughter!), I began helping family and friends and\\nmy step-by-step method spread like wildfire, exactly like an excellent night\\nof sleep for a tired parent should!\\n\\nPrevious\\n\\n7 Essential Infant Tips For New Parents\\n\\nNext\\n\\nSleep Regression or Night Terrors? Ask the Sleep Lady\\n\\n### Related Posts\\n\\nBaby Sleep Coach — When to Hire a Professional\\n\\nMarch 18, 2021\\n\\nBaby Steps — Where to Start Before Sleep Coaching 100%\\n\\nMarch 17, 2021\\n\\nHow Much Does a Sleep Coach Cost?\\n\\nFebruary 23, 2021\\n\\nNewborn Sleep Patterns — How to Nurture Your Baby the First Months\\n\\nJanuary 22, 2021\\n\\n### Celebrate Kim's Birthday!\\n\\n#### Get our sleep course for just $98 - today only!\\n\\nClaim this offer\\n\\n### Search for articles by keyword or topic\\n\\n##### COMMON ISSUES\\n\\n#### FIND SLEEP SOLUTIONS AND RESOURCES SPECIFIC TO YOUR CHILD'S DEVELOPMENT\\nSTAGE\\n\\nNewborn 0-5 months\\n\\nBaby 6-12 Months Old\\n\\nToddler 13 Months-2.5 Years Old\\n\\nChild 2.5-6 Years Old\\n\\nDownload my FREE app, Gentle Sleep Sleep Log, Baby Data Tracking, and Sleep\\nContent\\n\\nGood sleep habits build a positive parent-child attachment and encourage a\\nstrong bond.\\n\\n#### FIND A GSC\\n\\nGet help today!\\n\\nFind a certified sleep coach near you and find gentle sleep.\\n\\nFind a Gentle Sleep Coach\\n\\n### The Sleep Lady\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Help + Contacts Us\\n * Professional Resources\\n * Become an Affiliate\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms and Conditions\\n * Refund Policy\\n * Sweepstakes Terms and Conditions\\n * Sitemap\\n\\n### Gentle Sleep Coach Certification & Training Program\\n\\n * Program Overview\\n * GSC Worldwide Directory\\n\\nThe testimonial statements are made by actual clients and represent reported\\nresults for the services offered by these providers. Consultants do not offer\\nmedical advice. If you have any medical concerns you should consult your\\ndoctor.\\n\\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\\n\\n© 2021 Baby Sleep Coaching by the Sleep Lady - All Rights Reserved\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":345,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":40992,"string":"40,992"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Factor a Number"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To factor a number, first find 2 numbers that multiply to make that number. For example, if you want to factor 12, you could use 4 and 3 since they multiply to make 12. Next, determine whether those 2 numbers can be factored again. In this example, 3 can't be factored again because it's a prime number, but 4 can be since 2 multiplied by 2 equals 4. Repeat this process until all of the numbers are prime numbers, and then write your answer like 12 = 2 × 2 × 3."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200815054429/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20190120204544/https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200310094113/http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20200921190601/https://sciencing.com/factors-number-quickly-easily-5192972.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20200806065616/https://sciencing.com/factor-negative-numbers-8170436.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200815054429/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190120204544/https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200310094113/http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921190601/https://sciencing.com/factors-number-quickly-easily-5192972.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200806065616/https://sciencing.com/factor-negative-numbers-8170436.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":503,"string":"503"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200815054429/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Factoring Numbers","passages":["\"Factors\" are the numbers you multiply to get another number. For instance, factors of 15 are 3 and 5, because 3×5 = 15. Some numbers have more than one factorization (more than one way of being factored). For instance, 12 can be factored as 1×12, 2×6, or 3×4. A number that can only be factored as 1 times itself is called \"prime\". The first few primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. The number 1 is not regarded as a prime, and is usually not included in factorizations, because 1 goes into everything. (The number 1 is a bit boring in this context, so it gets ignored.)","You most often want to find the \"prime factorization\" of a number: the list of all the prime-number factors of a given number. The prime factorization does not include 1, but does include every copy of every prime factor. For instance, the prime factorization of 8 is 2×2×2, not just \"2\". Yes, 2 is the only factor, but you need three copies of it to multiply back to 8, so the prime factorization includes all three copies.","On the other hand, the prime factorization includes ONLY the prime factors, not any products of those factors. For instance, even though 2×2 = 4, and even though 4 is a divisor of 8, 4 is NOT in the PRIME factorization of 8. That is because 8 does NOT equal 2×2×2×4! This accidental over-duplication of factors is another reason why the prime factorization is often best: it avoids counting any factor too many times. Suppose that you need to find the prime factorization of 24. Sometimes a student will just list all the divisors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24. Then the student will do something like make the product of all these divisors: 1×2×3×4×6×8×12×24. But this equals 331776, not 24. So it's best to stick to the prime factorization, even if the problem doesn't require it, in order to avoid either omitting a factor or else over- duplicating one.","In the case of 24, you can find the prime factorization by taking 24 and dividing it by the smallest prime number that goes into 24: 24 ÷ 2 = 12. (Actually, the \"smallest\" part is not as important as the \"prime\" part; the \"smallest\" part is mostly to make your work easier, because dividing by smaller numbers is simpler.) Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 12: 12 ÷ 2 = 6. Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 6: 6 ÷ 2 = 3. Since 3 is prime, you're done factoring, and the prime factorization is 2×2×2×3.","The nice thing about this upside-down division is that, when you're done, the prime factorization is the product of all the numbers around the outside. The factors are circled in red above. By the way, this upside-down division is something that should probably be done on scratch-paper, and not handed in as part of your homework.","Some texts prefer that answers such as this be written using exponential notation, in which case the final answer would be written as 2×3×5^2×7.","You can do the repeated division \"right-side up\", too, if you prefer. The process works the same way, but the division is reversed in orientation. The above problem would be worked out like this:","By the way, there are some divisibility rules that can help you find the numbers to divide by. There are many divisibility rules, but the simplest to use are these:","If the number's digits sum to a number that's divisible by 3, then the number itself is divisible by 3.","Of course, if the number is divisible twice by 2, then it's divisible by 4; if it's divisible by 2 and by 3, then it's divisible by 6; and if it's divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9. But since you're finding the prime factorization, you don't really care about these non-prime divisibility rules. There is a rule for divisibility by 7, but it's complicated enough that it's probably easier to just do the division on your calculator and see if it comes out even.","If you run out of small primes and you're not done factoring, then keep trying bigger and bigger primes (11, 13, 17, 19, 23, etc) until you find something that works – or until you reach primes whose squares are bigger than what you're dividing into. Why? If your prime doesn't divide in, then the only potential divisors are bigger primes. Since the square of your prime is bigger than the number, then a bigger prime must have as its remainder a smaller number than your prime. The only smaller number left, since all the smaller primes have been eliminated, is 1. So the number left must be prime, and you're done.","You can use the Mathway widget below to practice finding the prime factorization. Try the entered exercise, or type in your own exercise. Then click the button to compare your answer to Mathway's.","(Clicking on \"Tap to view steps\" on the widget's answer screen will take you to the Mathway site for a paid upgrade.)"]},"parsed_md":"Factoring Numbers | Purplemath\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n\n * Alphabetically\n * In Study Order\n * HW Guidelines\n * Study Skills Quiz\n * Find Local Tutors\n\n * Demo MathHelp.com\n * Join MathHelp.com\n * Login\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n * Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * COMPASS Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * NES Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * \\+ more tests\n * K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n * College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n * Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n# Factoring Numbers\n\n## Purplemath\n\n\"Factors\" are the numbers you multiply to get another number. For instance,\nfactors of 15 are 3 and 5, because 3×5 = 15. Some numbers have more than one\nfactorization (more than one way of being factored). For instance, 12 can be\nfactored as 1×12, 2×6, or 3×4. A number that can only be factored as 1 times\nitself is called \"prime\". The first few primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. The\nnumber 1 is not regarded as a prime, and is usually not included in\nfactorizations, because 1 goes into everything. (The number 1 is a bit boring\nin this context, so it gets ignored.)\n\nContent Continues Below\n\n## MathHelp.com\n\nFactoring Numbers: Prime Factorization\n\nYou most often want to find the \"prime factorization\" of a number: the list of\nall the prime-number factors of a given number. The prime factorization does\nnot include 1, but does include every copy of every prime factor. For\ninstance, the prime factorization of 8 is 2×2×2, not just \"2\". Yes, 2 is the\nonly factor, but you need three copies of it to multiply back to 8, so the\nprime factorization includes all three copies.\n\nAffiliate\n\nOn the other hand, the prime factorization includes ONLY the prime factors,\nnot any products of those factors. For instance, even though 2×2 = 4, and even\nthough 4 is a divisor of 8, 4 is NOT in the PRIME factorization of 8. That is\nbecause 8 does NOT equal 2×2×2×4! This accidental over-duplication of factors\nis another reason why the prime factorization is often best: it avoids\ncounting any factor too many times. Suppose that you need to find the prime\nfactorization of 24. Sometimes a student will just list all the divisors of\n24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24. Then the student will do something like make\nthe product of all these divisors: 1×2×3×4×6×8×12×24. But this equals 331776,\nnot 24. So it's best to stick to the prime factorization, even if the problem\ndoesn't require it, in order to avoid either omitting a factor or else over-\nduplicating one.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIn the case of 24, you can find the prime factorization by taking 24 and\ndividing it by the smallest prime number that goes into 24: 24 ÷ 2 = 12.\n(Actually, the \"smallest\" part is not as important as the \"prime\" part; the\n\"smallest\" part is mostly to make your work easier, because dividing by\nsmaller numbers is simpler.) Now divide out the smallest number that goes into\n12: 12 ÷ 2 = 6. Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 6: 6 ÷ 2 =\n3. Since 3 is prime, you're done factoring, and the prime factorization is\n2×2×2×3.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAn easy way of keeping track of the factorization is to do upside-down\ndivision. It looks like this:\n\n(The above graphic is animated on the \"live\" page.)\n\nThe nice thing about this upside-down division is that, when you're done, the\nprime factorization is the product of all the numbers around the outside. The\nfactors are circled in red above. By the way, this upside-down division is\nsomething that should probably be done on scratch-paper, and not handed in as\npart of your homework.\n\n * #### Find the prime factorization of 1050.\n\nI'll do the upside-down division:\n\n(The above graphic is animated on the \"live\" page.)\n\nThen my answer is: 1050 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 7\n\nSome texts prefer that answers such as this be written using exponential\nnotation, in which case the final answer would be written as 2×3×5^2×7.\n\nYou can do the repeated division \"right-side up\", too, if you prefer. The\nprocess works the same way, but the division is reversed in orientation. The\nabove problem would be worked out like this:\n\n * #### Find the prime factorization of 1092.\n\nI'll do the repeated division:\n\n1092 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 × 13\n\nThis answer might also be written as 2^2×3×7×13.\n\nContent Continues Below\n\nBy the way, there are some divisibility rules that can help you find the\nnumbers to divide by. There are many divisibility rules, but the simplest to\nuse are these:\n\nIf the number is even, then it's divisible by 2.\n\nIf the number's digits sum to a number that's divisible by 3, then the number\nitself is divisible by 3.\n\nIf the number ends with a 0 or a 5, then it's divisible by 5.\n\nOf course, if the number is divisible twice by 2, then it's divisible by 4; if\nit's divisible by 2 and by 3, then it's divisible by 6; and if it's divisible\ntwice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's\ndivisible by 9. But since you're finding the prime factorization, you don't\nreally care about these non-prime divisibility rules. There is a rule for\ndivisibility by 7, but it's complicated enough that it's probably easier to\njust do the division on your calculator and see if it comes out even.\n\nAffiliate\n\nIf you run out of small primes and you're not done factoring, then keep trying\nbigger and bigger primes (11, 13, 17, 19, 23, etc) until you find something\nthat works – or until you reach primes whose squares are bigger than what\nyou're dividing into. Why? If your prime doesn't divide in, then the only\npotential divisors are bigger primes. Since the square of your prime is bigger\nthan the number, then a bigger prime must have as its remainder a smaller\nnumber than your prime. The only smaller number left, since all the smaller\nprimes have been eliminated, is 1. So the number left must be prime, and\nyou're done.\n\nYou can use the Mathway widget below to practice finding the prime\nfactorization. Try the entered exercise, or type in your own exercise. Then\nclick the button to compare your answer to Mathway's.\n\nPlease accept \"preferences\" cookies in order to enable this widget.\n\n(Clicking on \"Tap to view steps\" on the widget's answer screen will take you\nto the Mathway site for a paid upgrade.)\n\nURL: https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n#### Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * COMPASS Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * NES Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * \\+ more tests\n\n#### K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n#### College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n\n#### Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n### Share This Page\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n * About Purplemath\n * About the Author\n * Tutoring from PM\n\n * Advertising\n * Linking to PM\n * Site licencing\n\n### Visit Our Profiles\n\n© 2020 Purplemath. All right reserved. Web Design by\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190120204544/https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/","parsed_text":{"title":"Prime Factorization","passages":["The method of prime factorization is used to “break down” or express a given number as a product of prime numbers. More so, if a prime number occurs more than once in the factorization, it is usually expressed as exponential numbers to make it look more compact. Otherwise, we will have a long list of prime numbers being multiplied together. In this lesson, I have prepared eight (8) worked examples to explain the process of factorization using Prime numbers.","Let’s get started by defining first what a prime number is. Study both the examples and counterexamples of prime numbers carefully.","A prime number p is a whole number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1 and itself. Another way of saying it, a prime number has exactly two factors, namely: 1 and itself.","The number 31 is a prime number because it can only be divided by two numbers namely 1 and 31 (itself)","The number 10 is not a prime number because it is divisible by 1, 5, and 10 (itself) therefore having more than two factors","The number 27 is not a prime number because it is divisible by more than two factors other than 1 and itself that includes 3 and 9","The number 49 is not a prime number because it can also be divided by 7 other than 1 and 49 (itself), thus having more than two factors","Step 1: List down at least the first few prime numbers in increasing order. I will stop at 19 because this is large enough for the numbers in this tutorial that we will factorize.","Step 2: For any given number, test if it is divisible by the smallest prime number which is 2. If the prime number 2 divides the given number evenly, then express it as factors:","Step 3: Check again if the other number that comes out is divisible by 2. If it is, keep going until the new number is no longer divisible by 2. Two things can happen here:","After repeated division of 2, you end up having a composite number (not prime) but cannot be divided by 2. Move to Step 4.","Step 4: Move to the next larger prime numbers such as 3, 5, 7 and so on, as needed to check if the number that we left off in prior step can be divided evenly further. This repetitive process of dividing by prime numbers in increasing order will ultimately give us the last prime factor.","Final Step: At this point, we should have a long list of prime numbers that are being multiplied together. We just need to present our final answer as a product of exponential expressions with prime bases. That is it! A quick example may look like this...","I begin by listing the first few prime numbers in increasing order. The goal is to keep dividing the given number by an appropriate prime number starting from the lowest until the last quotient becomes prime as well.","There are two common ways to perform prime factorization. The first is called the Prime Factor Tree, and the second is known as the Upside-Down Division. With this, I will also show you two ways to prime factorize the number 40.","We can divide 40 and its quotient by the prime number 2 three times which means this prime number will have an exponent of 3 in the factorization.","I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.","Notice that we can perform repeated division of prime number 2, until reaching the prime number 5 as its final whole number quotient (most bottom).","This is an even number, and thus divisible by prime number 2. So without hesitation, I begin using it as the starting divisor of choice.","I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.","I first recognize that 147 is an odd number, therefore, not divisible by 2. Move on to the next larger prime number, which in case 3.","I am not sure if you have encountered the “nice” the divisibility rule for number 3. It states that if the sum of the digits in a number is divisible by 3, then the original number is also divisible by 3.","We have 147, the sum of its digits is 147 = 1 + 4 + 7 = 12 which is divisible by 3. This implies that 147 must also be divisible by 3.","You don’t have to show every time the prime factorization of a number using the two methods. Just pick the one that is easy or convenient for you. For this exercise, I will utilize the Factor Tree method.","Since prime number 2 can’t evenly divide 147, check on the next larger prime which is 3. Yep! This should work.","We know that any even number is always divisible by 2. So I would start dividing 540 by prime number 2. Let me use Upside-Down Division to prime factorize this number.","The given number 540 is even so 2 can divide it. Here, we perform two successive division using prime number 2 as the divisor.","Do repeated division by 3, and you should end up with the last factor of 5 which is a prime number. That’s it! Just collect the distinct primes and assign appropriate powers or exponents to present your final answer.","You may also do the prime factorization in its most straightforward way – that is, factor out the number horizontally and down the line. Just make sure that you always start with the lowest prime number, and go to the next larger one as needed to break it down until you end up with the final prime factor. Some textbooks do it this way to save space. It’s nice to add this method to your math “toolbox”.","NOTE: I used a slightly different method here. I call it, “Composite stays inside, Prime stays outside“. I am pertaining to the parenthesis in reference to where the composite or prime number stays.","The goal is to keep the factored prime numbers outside the parenthesis while forcing the composite numbers to stay inside. In the end, we should have all primes and the parentheses disappear!","We use cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Please click OK or Scroll Down to use this site with cookies. Otherwise, check your browser settings. OK!Cookie Policy"]},"parsed_md":"Prime Factorization - ChiliMath\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nChiliMath\n\nFree Math Help\n\nYou are here: Home\n\n/ Lessons\n\n/ Introductory Algebra\n\n/ Prime Factorization\n\n# Prime Factorization using Factor Tree and Upside-Down Division\n\nThe method of prime factorization is used to “break down” or express a given\nnumber as a product of prime numbers. More so, if a prime number occurs more\nthan once in the factorization, it is usually expressed as exponential numbers\nto make it look more compact. Otherwise, we will have a long list of prime\nnumbers being multiplied together. In this lesson, I have prepared eight (8)\nworked examples to explain the process of factorization using Prime numbers.\n\n### Definition of a Prime Number, and Examples and Non-examples of Prime\nNumbers\n\nLet’s get started by defining first what a prime number is. Study both the\nexamples and counterexamples of prime numbers carefully.\n\nWhat is a Prime Number?\n\nA prime number p is a whole number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1\nand itself. Another way of saying it, a prime number has exactly two factors,\nnamely: 1 and itself.\n\nFor more math videos, click \"VIDEOS\" on the menu above\n\nExamples of Prime Numbers:\n\n * The number 2 is a prime number because it is divisible only by 1 and 2 (itself)\n\n * The number 17 is a prime number because it has exactly two factors which are 1 and 17 (itself)\n\n * The number 31 is a prime number because it can only be divided by two numbers namely 1 and 31 (itself)\n\nExamples of Numbers that are Not Prime\n\n * The number 10 is not a prime number because it is divisible by 1, 5, and 10 (itself) therefore having more than two factors\n\n * The number 27 is not a prime number because it is divisible by more than two factors other than 1 and itself that includes 3 and 9\n\n * The number 49 is not a prime number because it can also be divided by 7 other than 1 and 49 (itself), thus having more than two factors\n\nNow, I will explain the general steps involved in performing prime\nfactorization of a given positive integer.\n\n## How to Perform Prime Factorization\n\nStep 1: List down at least the first few prime numbers in increasing order. I\nwill stop at 19 because this is large enough for the numbers in this tutorial\nthat we will factorize.\n\n2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 ...\n\nStep 2: For any given number, test if it is divisible by the smallest prime\nnumber which is 2. If the prime number 2 divides the given number evenly, then\nexpress it as factors:\n\nStep 3: Check again if the other number that comes out is divisible by 2. If\nit is, keep going until the new number is no longer divisible by 2. Two things\ncan happen here:\n\n * After repeated division of 2, you end up getting a prime number. Proceed to Final step. You’re almost done!\n\n * After repeated division of 2, you end up having a composite number (not prime) but cannot be divided by 2. Move to Step 4.\n\nStep 4: Move to the next larger prime numbers such as 3, 5, 7 and so on, as\nneeded to check if the number that we left off in prior step can be divided\nevenly further. This repetitive process of dividing by prime numbers in\nincreasing order will ultimately give us the last prime factor.\n\nFinal Step: At this point, we should have a long list of prime numbers that\nare being multiplied together. We just need to present our final answer as a\nproduct of exponential expressions with prime bases. That is it! A quick\nexample may look like this...\n\nThe exponent of each prime number tells how many times that prime occurs as\nfactors.\n\n### Examples of How to Perform Prime Factorization using Prime Factor Tree and\nUpside-Down Division\n\nExample 1: Find the prime factorization of 40 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nI begin by listing the first few prime numbers in increasing order. The goal\nis to keep dividing the given number by an appropriate prime number starting\nfrom the lowest until the last quotient becomes prime as well.\n\nThere are two common ways to perform prime factorization. The first is called\nthe Prime Factor Tree, and the second is known as the Upside-Down Division.\nWith this, I will also show you two ways to prime factorize the number 40.\n\nPrime Factor Tree\n\n * Start by dividing the given number by the smallest prime which is 2.\n\n * The factors of the number above are broken down into “branches” as indicated by the line segments.\n\n * We can divide 40 and its quotient by the prime number 2 three times which means this prime number will have an exponent of 3 in the factorization.\n\n * The last quotient after the repeated division of 2 is a prime number which is 5.\n\n * Upon reaching a prime number as its last quotient in the process, this shows that we are done!\n\nUpside-Down Division\n\n * Now you know why it is called the Upside-Down Division because the division symbol is literally upside-down.\n\n * I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\n\n * Notice that we can perform repeated division of prime number 2, until reaching the prime number 5 as its final whole number quotient (most bottom).\n\n * Present the final factorization as a product of exponential numbers having a prime number base in the exponential notation.\n\nExample 2: Find the prime factorization of 32 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nThis is an even number, and thus divisible by prime number 2. So without\nhesitation, I begin using it as the starting divisor of choice.\n\nPrime Factor Tree\n\n * Start by dividing the given number by the smallest prime which is 2.\n\n * The factors of the number above are broken down into “branches” as indicated by the line segments.\n\n * After the repeated division of 2, we also arrive at the final factor of 2. This is done!\n\n * Since prime number 2 appears five times as factors, then the final answer will be 32 = {2^5}.\n\nUpside-Down Division\n\n * I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\n\n * This is great! We only used a single prime number to work this out until the end.\n\n * Prime number 2 appears five times as factors. Thus our answer is simply 32 = {2^5}.\n\nExample 3: Find the prime factorization of 147 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nI first recognize that 147 is an odd number, therefore, not divisible by 2.\nMove on to the next larger prime number, which in case 3.\n\nI am not sure if you have encountered the “nice” the divisibility rule for\nnumber 3. It states that if the sum of the digits in a number is divisible by\n3, then the original number is also divisible by 3.\n\nWe have 147, the sum of its digits is 147 = 1 + 4 + 7 = 12 which is divisible\nby 3. This implies that 147 must also be divisible by 3.\n\nYou don’t have to show every time the prime factorization of a number using\nthe two methods. Just pick the one that is easy or convenient for you. For\nthis exercise, I will utilize the Factor Tree method.\n\nPrime Factor Tree\n\n * Since prime number 2 can’t evenly divide 147, check on the next larger prime which is 3. Yep! This should work.\n\n * After dividing 147 by 3, I get 49 which is obviously a perfect square since 49 = {7^2}\n\n * The next logical prime number to use as the divisor is 7.\n\nExample 4: Find the prime factorization of 540 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nWe know that any even number is always divisible by 2. So I would start\ndividing 540 by prime number 2. Let me use Upside-Down Division to prime\nfactorize this number.\n\nUpside-Down Division\n\n * The given number 540 is even so 2 can divide it. Here, we perform two successive division using prime number 2 as the divisor.\n\n * We arrive at 135 as the partial factor which is divisible by the next larger prime, that is 3!\n\n * Do repeated division by 3, and you should end up with the last factor of 5 which is a prime number. That’s it! Just collect the distinct primes and assign appropriate powers or exponents to present your final answer.\n\nExample 5: Find the prime factorization of 945 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nYou may also do the prime factorization in its most straightforward way – that\nis, factor out the number horizontally and down the line. Just make sure that\nyou always start with the lowest prime number, and go to the next larger one\nas needed to break it down until you end up with the final prime factor. Some\ntextbooks do it this way to save space. It’s nice to add this method to your\nmath “toolbox”.\n\nSolution:\n\nIt has five prime factors where three (3) of them are distinct, namely: 3, 5\nand 7.\n\nExample 6: Find the prime factorization of 1320 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nSolution:\n\nExample 7: Find the prime factorization of 2025 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nHINT: The given number is odd, so prime number 2 cannot divide it evenly.\nStart with 3.\n\nSolution:\n\nExample 8: Find the prime factorization of 432 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nNOTE: I used a slightly different method here. I call it, “Composite stays\ninside, Prime stays outside“. I am pertaining to the parenthesis in reference\nto where the composite or prime number stays.\n\nSolution:\n\nThe goal is to keep the factored prime numbers outside the parenthesis while\nforcing the composite numbers to stay inside. In the end, we should have all\nprimes and the parentheses disappear!\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Popular Lessons\n\nDistance Formula Algebraic Expressions Arithmetic Sequence Formula Solving\nLogarithmic Equations Solving Absolute Value Equations Simplifying Factorials\nLogarithm Rules Inverse of Logarithmic Function Cramer's Rule with Three\nVariables Determinant of 3x3 Matrix\n\n## Footer\n\nAbout Me Sitemap Contact Me\n\nCopyright 2011-2018 ChiliMath® is a registered trademark. All Rights Reserved\n\nPrivacy Policy Cookie Policy Terms of Service\n\nWe use cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Please click OK\nor Scroll Down to use this site with cookies. Otherwise, check your browser\nsettings. OK!Cookie Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200310094113/http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Multiples, Factors and Powers","passages":["Multiplication and division of whole numbers throw up many surprising things. This module encourages multiplicative thinking about numbers, and introduces ideas that are essential skills in fractions and algebra.","The ideas of this module are presented in purely arithmetical form, and no algebra is used except in some remarks that look forward to later work. The only numbers in the module are whole numbers, apart from the final paragraphs, where fractions are used so that the fifth index law can be presented in a more satisfactory form.","Students first meet the distinction between odd numbers and even numbers in early primary school, but it is useful everywhere in mathematics. Even numbers are multiples of 2, and more generally, multiples arise throughout mathematics and everyday life. The mass of a stack of bricks is a multiple of the mass of one brick. The number of pages in a packet of notebooks is a multiple of the number of pages in one notebook.","The factors of a number can be displayed using rectangular arrays. Some numbers, such as 30, can arise in many different ways as a product,","30 = 1 × 30 = 2 × 15 = 3 × 10 = 5 × 6 = 2 × 3 × 5,","whereas a number such as 31 can only be written trivially as the product 31 = 1 × 31. This idea leads to the classification of numbers greater than 1 as either prime or composite, and to a listing of all the factors of a number.","There are several groups of well-known divisibility tests that can check whether a number is a factor without actually performing the division. These tests greatly simplify the listing of factors of numbers.","Repeated addition leads to multiplication. Repeated multiplication in turn leads to powers, and manipulating powers in turn relies on five index laws. Powers are introduced in this module, together with four of the five index laws.","We are used to comparing numbers in terms of their size. The highest common factor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) allow us to compare numbers in terms of their factors and multiples. For example, when we look at 30 and 12, we see that they are both multiples of 6, and that 6 is the greatest factor common to both numbers. We also see that 60 is a multiple of both numbers, and that 60 is the lowest common multiple of them (apart from 0). The HCF and LCM are essential for fractions and later for algebra.","The array representing the even number 10 has the dots divided evenly into two equal rows of 5, but the array representing the odd number 11 has an extra odd dot left over.","the even and odd numbers alternate, starting with 0, which is an even number because 0 + 0 = 0.","When music is written in double time, like the Australian National Anthem, the notes are alternately stressed, unstressed, stressed, unstressed,...","Indeed, our concept of the number 2 is so different from our conceptions of all other numbers that we even use different language. We divide a pie between two people, but among three people. We identify two alternatives, but three options. The word ‘doubt’ is related to the Latin ‘duo’, the word ‘two-faced’ means ‘liar’, and the traditional number of the devil is 2.","There are several obvious facts about calculations with odd and even numbers that are very useful as an automatic check of calculations. First, addition and subtraction:","Proofs by arrays usually convince students more than algebraic proofs. The diagram below illustrates ‘odd plus odd equals even’, and shows how everything depends on the odd dot left over. The other cases are very similar.","Proofs by arrays can be used here, but they are unwieldy. Instead, we will use the previous results for adding odd and even numbers. Here are examples of the three cases:","6 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 and 5 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4.","What can we say about the quotients of odd and even numbers? Assuming in each case that the division has no remainder, complete each sentence below, if possible. Justify your answers by examples.","The previous results on the arithmetic of odd and even numbers can be obtained later after pronumerals have been introduced, and expansions of brackets and taking out a common factor dealt with. The important first step is:","Obtain the previous results on the addition and multiplication of odd and even numbers by algebra. Begin, ‘Let the even numbers be 2a and 2b, and the odd numbers be 2a + 1 and 2b + 1, where a and b are whole numbers.’","In the previous section, we represented even numbers by arrays with two equal rows, and odd numbers by arrays with two rows in which one row has one more dot than the other.","Representing numbers by arrays is an excellent way to illustrate some of their properties. For example, the arrays below illustrate significant properties of the numbers 10, 9, 8 and 7.","The first array shows that 10 can be factored as 10 = 5 × 2, which means that 10 is an even number.","The convention used in these modules is that the first factor represents the number of rows, and the second factor represents the number of columns. The opposite convention, however, would be equally acceptable.","The first array shows that 9 is a square because it can be represented as a square array. The corresponding factoring is 9 = 3 × 3.","The third array shows that 8 is a cube because it can be represented as a cubic array. The corresponding factoring is 8 = 2 × 2 × 2.","The interesting thing about the number 7 is that it only has the trivial array, because 7 dots cannot be arranged in any rectangular array apart from a trivial array.","Numbers greater than 1 with only a trivial rectangular array are called prime numbers. All other whole numbers greater than 1 are called composite numbers.","We shall discuss prime numbers in a great deal more detail in the later module, Primes and Prime Factorisation. The usual definition of a prime number expresses exactly the same thing in terms of factors:","Draw all possible rectangular arrays for the numbers from 1 to 12, including any three dimensional arrays, and identify the corresponding factorings. Which of these numbers are prime, which are composite, which are square, and which are even?\nb","What is the smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic? What are the side lengths of the corresponding arrays?\ng","Why is a manufacturer more likely to pack his goods in packets of 30 than in packets of 29 or 31?\nclick for screencast","Prove that in any square array, the number of dots on the outside of the array is a multiple of 4.\nb","Hence prove that the difference of two even squares is divisible by 4, and that the difference of two odd squares is divisible by 4.\nreturn to top","A triangular number is a number that can be represented as a triangular array, in which each row has one more dot than the row above.","In the diagram to the right, two copies of the fourth triangular number have been fitted together to make a rectangle.","Explain how to calculate from this diagram that the 4th triangular number is 10. Hence calculate the 100th triangular number.","Because 6 is an even number, all its multiples are even. The multiples of an odd number such as 7, however, alternate even, odd, even, odd, even,... because we are adding the odd number 7 at each step.","The number zero is a multiple of every number. Because of this, the word ‘multiple’ is sometimes used in the sense of ‘nonzero multiple’, but we will always add the word ‘nonzero’ when 0 is excluded.","The multiples of zero are all zero. Every other whole number has infinitely many multiples. This phrase ‘infinitely many’ has a very precise meaning — however many multiples you write down, there is always another multiple that you haven’t written down.","We can illustrate the multiples of a number using arrays with three columns and an increasing numbers of rows. Here are the first few multiples of 3:","Rows and columns can be exchanged. Thus the multiples of 3 could also be illustrated using arrays with three rows and an increasing numbers of columns.","The repeating pattern of common multiples is a great help in understanding division. Here again are the multiples of 6,","To divide any other number such as 29 by 6, we first locate 29 between two multiples of 6. Thus we locate 29 between 24 and 30. Because 29 = 24 + 5, we write","Notice that the remainder is always a whole number less than 6, because the multiples of 6 step up by 6 each time. Hence with division by 6 there are only 6 possible remainders,","This result takes a very simple form when we divide by 2, because the only possible remainders are 0 and 1.","In later years, when students have become far more confident with algebra, these remarks about division can be written down very precisely in what is called the division algorithm.","Given a whole number n (the dividend) and a nonzero whole number d (the divisor), there are unique whole numbers q (the quotient) and r (the remainder) so that:","The table above shows all the whole numbers written out systematically in 7 columns. Suppose that each number in the table is divided by 7 to produced a quotient and a remainder.","When 22 and 41 are divided by 6, their remainders are 4 and 5 respectively. Yet when their sum 63 is divided by 6, the remainder is 3, and is not 4 + 5 = 9. Explain.","An important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of multiples. Let us write out the first few multiples of 4, and the first few multiples of 6, and compare the two lists.","Apart from zero, which is a common multiple of any two numbers, the lowest common multiple of 4 and 6 is 12.","A common multiple of two or more nonzero whole numbers is a whole number that a multiple of all of them.","The lowest common multiple or LCM of two or more whole numbers is the smallest of their common multiples, apart from zero.","Write out the first few common multiples of 12 and of 16. Hence write out the first few common multiples of 12 and 16, and state their lowest common multiple.\nb","The LCM of 4, 6 and 9 is 36.\nTwo or more nonzero numbers always have a common multiple — just multiply the numbers together. But the product of the numbers is not necessarily their lowest common multiple. For example, in the case above of 4 and 6, one common multiple is 4 × 6 = 24, but their lowest common multiple is 12.","Every number is a multiple of 1, so the LCM of 1 and 14 is 14.\nThe common multiples are the multiples of the LCM","You will have noticed that the list of common multiples of 4 and 6 is actually a list of multiples of their LCM 12. Similarly, the list of common multiples of 12 and 16 is a list of the multiples of their LCM 48.","This is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. In an exercise at the end of the module, Primes and Prime Factorisation, however, we have indicated how to prove the result using prime factorisation.","We say that 6 is a factor of 18 because 18 can be factored as the product 18 = 6 × 3.","The number zero is a multiple of every number, so every number is a factor of zero. On the other hand, zero is the only multiple of zero, so zero is a factor of no numbers except zero. These rather odd remarks are better left unsaid, unless students insist. They should certainly not become a distraction from the nonzero whole numbers that we want to discuss.","The product of two nonzero whole numbers is always greater than or equal to each factor in the product. Hence the factors of a nonzero number like 12 are all less than or equal to 12. Thus whereas a positive whole number has infinitely many multiples, it has only finitely many factors.","The long way to find all the factors of 12 is to test systematically all the whole numbers less than 12 to see whether or not they go into 12 without remainder. The list of factors of 12 is","It is very easy to overlook factors by this method, however. A far more efficient way, is to look for pairs of factors whose product is 12. Begin by testing all the whole numbers 1, 2, ... that could be the smaller of a pair of factors with product 12,","We stop at 3 because 42 = 16 is greater than 12, so 4 cannot be the smaller of a pair. Now we add, in reverse order, the complementary factor of each pair, that is, 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 ÷ 2 = 6 and 12 ÷ 1 = 12,","Another important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of factors. Let us write out the lists of factors of 18 and 30, and compare the lists.","A common factor of two or more whole numbers is a whole number that is a factor of all of them.","Write out the factors of 30 and of 75. Hence write out the common factors of 30 and 75, and their highest common factor.\nb","The factors of 30 are 1, 30, 2, 15, 3, 10, 5, 6. The factors of 75 are 1, 75, 3, 25, 5, 15. Hence the common factors of 30 and 75 are 1, 3, 5, 15, and their HCF is 15.\nb","The HCF of 82 and 102 is 22.\nAny collection of whole numbers always has 1 as a common factor. The question is whether the numbers have common factors greater than 1.","Every whole number is a factor of 0, so the common factors of 0 and say 12 are just the factors of 12, and the HCF of 0 and 12 is 12. A nonzero whole number has only a finite number of factors, so it has a greatest factor. Two or more numbers always have a HCF because at least one of them is nonzero. These are distractions from the main ideas.","What is the HCF of 21 and 10? Find three other pairs of composite numbers with the same HCF.\nd","The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1. Some other pairs of composite numbers with HCF 1 are 4 & 9, 16 & 25, 22 & 35, 14 & 15, 12 & 55.\nd","All the factors of 15 are also factors of 0, so the HCF of 0 and 15 is 15.\nThe common factors are the factors of the HCF","You will have noticed that the list of common factors of 18 and 30 is actually a list of factors of their HCF 6. Similarly, the list of common factors of 30 and 75 is a list of the factors of their HCF 15.","Again, this is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. An exercise at the end of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation indicates how to prove the result using prime factorisation.","The two relationships below between the HCF and the LCM are again best illustrated by examples in Year 7, but an exercise in the module Primes and Prime Factorisation indicates how they can be proven.","The HCF of 28 and 15 is 1, and their LCM is their product 420.\nThe second relationship is not so obvious, and needs to be brought out by examples.","For example, the numbers 4 and 6 have HCF 2 and LCM 12, and 2 × 12 = 4 × 6.","The numbers 10 and 15 have HCF 5 and LCM 30, and 10 × 15 = 5 × 30.\nb","The numbers 12 and 9 have HCF 3 and LCM 36, and 12 × 9 = 3 × 36.\nc","The numbers 40 and 10 have HCF 10 and LCM 40, and 10 × 40 = 40 × 10.\nThe three-part example below indicates how this relationship can be proven from the relationship above, although such a proof would be unsuited for most Year 7 students.","Find the HCF and LCM of 12 and 20, and show that LCM × HCF = 12 × 20.\nb","Show that when 12 and 20 are each divided by their HCF, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\nc","Show that when the LCM is divided by 12 and by 20, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\nreturn to top","3 × 3 = 32| (read as ‘3 squared’) 3 × 3 × 3 = 33| (read as ‘3 cubed’) 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34| (read as ‘3 to the power 4’ or as ‘3 to the 4th’) 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 35 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 36","The terms ‘3 squared’ for 32 and ‘3 cubed’ for 33 come from geometry. As we saw earlier in the module, we can arrange 32 dots in a square and 33 dots in a cube:","What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two squares in two distinct ways?\nb","What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nc","What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two distinct nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nd","The number 1729 is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two cubes in two distinct ways. Show how this can be done. (This observation has become famous because of a conversation between the Indian mathematician Ramanujan and the English mathematician Hardy. See Wikipedia for the details.)\nclick for screencast","1 + 3 = 4 1 + 3 + 5 = 9 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 = 36 ...","13| = 1| = 12 ---|---|--- 13 + 23| = 9| = 32 13 + 23 + 33| = 36| = 62 13 + 23 + 33 + 43| = 100| = 102 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53| = 225| = 152","Place the stack of 13 = 1 blocks on the table, then dismantle the 23 = 8 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 13 = 1 stack to produce a square 3 × 3 array.\nc","Dismantle the 33 = 27 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 3 × 3 array to produce a square 6 × 6 array.\nd","Powers of numbers are used extensively later in the study of logarithms and of combinatorics. It is useful to be able to compute or remember some smaller powers quickly, and recognise them.","Computers use a base 2 place-value system, so computer programmers need to know the powers of 2, and must be able to convert numbers quickly to a sum of powers of 2.","There are several straightforward tests for divisibility that are very useful when factoring numbers. They all have their origin in the base 10 that we use for our system of numerals.","The tests for divisibility by powers of 2 and 5 arise from the fact that 10 = 2 × 5.","Because 10 is a multiple of 2, every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 2. Thus to test whether a number is divisible by 2, we only need to look at the last digit.","Similarly, 10 is a multiple of 5, so every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 5. Thus to test whether a number is divisible by 5, we only need to look at the last digit.","The squares 22 = 4 and 52 = 25 are factors of 100, so every multiple of 100 is a multiple of 4 and of 25. Thus to test for divisibility by 4 and 25, we only need to look at the last two digits.","The number 6 945 732 is divisible by 4 (and hence also by 2) because 32 is divisible by 4, but it is not divisible by 8 because 732 is not divisible by 8.\nb","The number 5 671 625 is divisible by 125 (and hence also by 25 and 5) because 625 is divisible by 125, but it is not divisible by 54 = 625 because 1625 is not divisible by 625.\nDivisibility by 9 and 3","The tests for divisibility by 9, and in turn by 3, arise from the fact that 9 is 1 less than 10.","1 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 1 ---|--- 10 ÷ 9| = 1 remainder 1 100 ÷ 9| = 11 remainder 1 1000 ÷ 9| = 111 remainder 1","4 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 4 ---|--- 50 ÷ 9| = 5 remainder 5 200 ÷ 9| = 22 remainder 2 9000 ÷ 9| = 999 remainder 9; better written as 1000 remainder 0.","The remainder when 9254 is divided by 9 is the same as the remainder when 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 is divided by 9. The general result is","Adding these results, 9254 and 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 have the same remainder when divided by 3. The general result is","167 ÷ 9 = 18 remainder 5| and| 167 ÷ 3 = 55 remainder 2 ---|---|--- (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 5| (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 3 = 4 remainder 2","The sum of the digits is 6 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 4 = 24, and 2 + 4 = 6. Hence 62 574 has remainder 6 when divided by 9, and remainder 0 when divided by 3.","The sum of the digits is 7 + 1 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 6 + 1 + 8 = 33, and 3 + 3 = 6. Hence 71 325 618 is divisible by 3, but not by 9.\nb","The sum of the digits is 3 + 6 + 8 + 6 + 7 + 9 + 2 + 4 = 45, and 4 + 5 = 9. Hence 36 867 924 is divisible by 3 and by 9.\nDivisibility by 11","The test for divisibility by 11 arises from the fact that 11 is 1 more than 10, but 9 × 11 = 99 is 1 less than 100.","When 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 11, the remainder is alternately 1 and 10, but we shall regard the remainder 10 as being remainder −1.","1 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 1 ---|--- 10 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 100 ÷ 11| = 9 remainder 1 1000 ÷ 11| = 91 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 10 000 ÷ 11| = 909 remainder 1 100 000 ÷ 11| = 9091 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1","4 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 4 ---|--- 20 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −5 500 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 2 3000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −9 90 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 3 800 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −8","Adding these results, the remainder when 893 524 is divided by 11 is the same as the remainder when 4 − 2 + 5 − 3 + 9 − 8 = 7 is divided by 9. It was important here to write the alternating sum of the digits starting at the right-hand end with the units. The general result is,","When a number is divided by 11, the remainder is the same as the division by 11 of the alternating sum of the digits, starting at the right-hand end with the digits.","91 627 ÷ 11 = 8329 remainder 8 and (7 − 2 + 6 − 1 + 9) ÷ 11 = 1 remainder 8.","The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 7 + 5 − 2 + 6 = 10. Hence 62 578 has remainder 10 when divided by 11.\nb","The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 6 + 5 − 7 + 3 − 9 = −9. Hence 937 565 has remainder 11 − 9 = 2 when divided by 11.\nAs with 3 and 9, only the corresponding divisibility test is usually appropriate in Years 7−8:","The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 1 + 6 − 5 + 2 − 3 + 1 − 7 = 1. Hence 71 325 618 is not divisible by 11.\nb","The alternating sum of the digits is 1 − 7 + 4 − 8 + 3 − 9 + 1 − 7 = −22. Hence 71 938 471 is divisible by 11.\nDivisibility by numbers that are not prime powers","We can combine the previous tests for divisibility by testing separately for divisibility by the highest power of each prime. Here are examples of some such tests:","A number is divisible by 66 = 2 × 3 × 11 if it is divisible by 2, by 3 and by 11.","Factoring the three divisors, 6 = 2 × 3, 12 = 4 × 3 and 18 = 2 × 9. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 726 is divisible by 2, but not by 4.","The sum of the digits is 15, so 726 is divisible by 3, but not by 9. Hence 726 is divisible by 6, but not by 12 or 18.","Factoring the two divisors, 55 = 5 × 11 and 275 = 25 × 11. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 6875 is divisible by 5 and by 25.\nc","The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 7 + 8 − 6 = 0, so 6875 is divisible by 11. Hence 6875 is divisible by 55 and by 275.\nreturn to top","The multiplication table is one of the best-known objects in arithmetic. It is formed by doing nothing more that writing out the first twelve non-zero multiples of each number from 1 to 12 in twelve successive rows. (Or perhaps they were written out in twelve successive columns.)","Despite the simplicity of its construction, it is a very powerful object indeed, and well justifies the recommendation to learn it by heart. Here are some of its many properties — students routinely find many more.","All products from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12 are contained in the table. The answer to 9 × 7 is 63, which is located at the entry in the 7th row and the 9th column (or the 9th row and the 7th column).","The LCM of any two numbers up to 12 can be found from the table. The LCM of 8 and 10 is 40, which is the first common entry in the 8th and 10th rows (or in the 8th and 10th columns).","The numbers on the leading diagonal from 1 in the top left to 144 in the bottom right are the squares 1, 4, 9, 16,...","The whole table is symmetric about the leading diagonal. This illustrates the fact that multiplication is commutative, meaning, for example, that 7 × 9 = 9 × 7.","What is the pattern formed by shading all the even numbers? Every second column and every second row is shaded, leaving isolated odd numbers. We saw above how all multiples of even numbers are even, and that odd and even numbers alternate in the multiples of an odd number.","What is the pattern formed by shading all the multiples of 3? This time every third row and every third column is shaded.","Students often see many more patterns in this table. The following exercise gives some less obvious properties, but the proofs are omitted, because they require quite serious algebra. Once sequences and series are being studied, perhaps in Year 11, the table is well worth revisiting because of the insights it can give into sequences and into the use of algebra.","Now take the opposite diagonal passing through the square 49 from top right to bottom left. What numbers arise when we subtract each from 49? What happens with parallel diagonals through other squares?\nreturn to top","There are five useful laws, collectively called the index laws, that help us manipulate powers. At this stage, they are best established by examples and learnt verbally.","After algebra has been introduced, however, they can be presented in their more familiar algebraic formulation. For later reference, they are summarised here verbally and algebraically:","If we write out the powers as continued products, we can quickly see what is happening when we multiply powers with the same base.","75 × 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7) × (7 × 7 × 7) = 78","75 ÷ 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × ) ÷ (7 × 7 × 7) = 72","a 32 × 35 = 37 b 57 ÷ 53 = 54 c 109 ÷ 103 = 106 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122 = 1212","The examples above have carefully avoided questions like 73 ÷ 75, where the divisor is a higher power than the dividend. Such questions are better written as fractions,","The first form can be covered once fractions have been introduced. The second form requires negative indices, which are usually regarded as a little too sophisticated for Years 7−8.","We often need to deal with expressions such as (73)4 in which a power is raised to a power. Writing out just the outer power allows us to apply the previous law.","(2 × 3)4| = (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) ---|--- = (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) = 24 × 34","These steps rely heavily on the any-order property of multiplication to regroup the 4 factors of 2 and the 4 factors of 3.","a (3 × 7)4 b (8 × 12)6 c (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3 d (5 × 7 × 9)6 ÷ (55)2","a| (3 × 7)4 = 34 × 74| b| (8 × 12)6 = 86 × 126 ---|---|---|--- c| (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3| = 34 × 54 × 33 × 73| d| (5 × 7 × 9)16 ÷ (55)2| = 516 × 716 × 916 ÷ 510 = 37 × 54 × 73| = 56 × 716 × 916","The final index law deals with the power of a quotient. It is clumsy to formulate this law using the division sign, so fraction notation for division is used for the only time in this module.","‘A power of a product is the product of powers’ is useful in mental arithmetic, both forwards and in reverse. For example,","204| = (2 × 10)4| 32 × 125| = 25 × 53 ---|---|---|--- = 24 × 104| = 22 × (2 × 5)3 = 16 × 10 000| and| = 22 × 103 = 160 000| = 4 × 1000 = 4000","Because our system of numerals has base 10, isolating powers of 10 is always good practice. In the first example, we factored 20 as 20 = 2 × 10. In the second example, we combined factors of 2 and factors of 5 to make factors of 10.","The HCF and LCM are essential for the study of fractions, which are introduced in the module Fractions. To express a fraction in simplest form, we cancel the HCF of the numerator and denominator, and to add and subtract fractions, we usually use the LCM of their denominators as a common denominator,","The HCF of two algebraic expressions is important in factoring. The first step in the systematic factoring of an expression is to take out the HCF of the terms:","Factoring by taking out the HCF is first considered in the module Algebraic Expressions, and developed further in the module, Negatives and the Index Laws.","Prime numbers are the building blocks of all whole numbers when we take them apart by factoring. For example, we can write 60 as a product of primes,","Every composite number has one and only one prime factorisation. Prime factorisation is the central concern of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation. This module also shows how prime factorisation yields more systematic approaches to the calculations of the HCF and LCM.","The five index laws have been introduced in the present module in the context of whole numbers, although it was mentioned that the fifth law, and a clearer statement of the second law, require fractions. The modules, Negatives and the Index Laws and Special Expansions and Algebraic Fractions extend them to rational numbers and also give them an algebraic formulation, although the indices are still only nonzero whole numbers. The later module The Index Laws extends the indices to any rational number.","The presentation in this module has been carried out arithmetically, and entirely within the whole numbers. There have been no algebra or fractions except in the occasional remark and exercise that looks forward to later content. Arrays, rather than areas, have been used to represent products, so that the whole-number aspect of the ideas can be emphasised. It is important in later years, when algebra has been used to generalise the content, not to lose the arithmetic intuition of the present module.","All the present material was expounded by the ancient Greek mathematicians. The idea of representing numbers by arrays was developed particularly by Pythagoras and his school, who developed theories about what we now call ‘figurate numbers’. These include the triangular numbers discussed in this module, and pentagonal and tetrahedral numbers.","The quotient of an even number and an even number may be even or odd. For example, 12 ÷ 6 = 2 and 12 ÷ 4 = 3.\nb","The quotient of an even number and an odd number is always even. For example, 12 ÷ 3 = 4.\nc","The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is always odd. For example, 35 ÷ 5 = 7.\nExercise 4","2a + 2b| = 2(a + b) ---|--- (2a + 1) + 2b| = 2(a + b) + 1 (2a + 1) + (2b + 1)| = 2(a + b + 1)","(2a) × (2b)| = 2 × 2ab ---|--- (2a) × (2b + 1)| = 2 × a(2b + 1) (2a + 1) × (2b + 1)| = 4ab + 2a + 2b + 1 = 2(2ab + a + b) + 1","All the numbers have a trivial array. The number 1 and the primes 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 each have only a trivial array. The composite numbers 4, 6, 8, 9 and 12 each have at least one other array. The even numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 are those with a 2-row array. The squares 4 and 9 also have a square array. The numbers 6 and 10 each have only one non-trivial rectangular array. The number 8 has the three-dimensional array and a 2 × 4 array. The number 12 has three two-dimensional arrays because 12 = 1 × 12 = 2 × 6 = 3 × 4, and also has a three-dimensional 2 × 2 × 3 array.\nb","The 15 primes less than 50 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47. The number 2 is the only even prime number.\nc","There are five two-dimensional arrays 36 = 1 × 36 = 2 × 18 = 3 × 12 = 4 × 9 = 6 × 6. There are three three-dimensional arrays 36 = 2 × 2 × 9 = 2 × 3 × 6 = 3 × 3 × 4.\nd","There are four arrays 16 = 1 × 16 = 2 × 8 = 4 × 4 = 2 × 2 × 4. If we had four dimensions at our disposal, we could draw the array corresponding to 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ne","The smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic is 64 = 8 × 8 = 4 × 4 × 4. If we had use of six dimensions, we could draw the array 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ng","There are a great many ways to arrange 30 objects in a rectangular pattern or three dimensional block with no wasted space. The numbers 29 and 31 are prime, so except for packing all the items in a row, any packing into a block will have empty spaces.\nExercise 6","The dots in the lower left triangle of the square array are the reflection of the dots in the upper right triangle.\nb","It follows immediately from part a that the difference is even. Alternatively, the square of an even number is even and the square of an odd number is odd, and the difference of two even numbers or two odd numbers is even.\nExercise 7","If each side of the square has, for example 7 dots, then the total numbers of dots is 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 4 × 6.\nb","Take the larger of the two arrays, and keep removing its outer layer until it becomes the smaller array. At each step, the side length of the array goes down by 2, and the number of dots removed is a multiple of 4.\nExercise 8","1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, 136, 153, 171, 190, 210,...\nc","Two odds, then two evens, then two odds, then two evens,... Every time an odd number is added, the sum changes from even to odd or from odd to even. When an even number is added, however, the sum either stays even or stays odd.\nExercise 9","All the numbers except for the last number in the row have the same quotient. For example, the entries in the 5th row have quotient 4 when divided by 7.\nb","The remainders when 22 and 41 are divided by 6 are 4 and 5, whose sum is 9. But 9 = 6 + 3, so the remainder when dividing 63 by 6 is 3.","The numbers 12 and 20 have HCF 4 and LCM 60, and 4 × 60 = 12 × 20.\nb","When 12 and 20 are divided by their HCF, which is 4, the resulting numbers are 3 and 5, and the numbers 3 and 5 have HCF 1.\nc","When the LCM, which is 60, is divided by 12 and by 20, the resulting numbers are 5 and 3, and the numbers 5 and 3 have HCF 1.\n(Notice that the resulting numbers in parts b and c are the same.)","201 = 128 + 64 + 8 + 1 = 27 + 26 + 23 + 1, so in base 2 notation, 201 = 11 001 001.","Every fourth row and every fourth column is shaded, together with the numbers in the exact centre of the remaining squares.\nb","4 × 6 = 52 − 12, 3 × 7 = 52 − 22, 2 × 8 = 52 − 32, 1 × 9 = 52 − 42","a| 30004| = 34 × (103)4 ---|---|--- = 81 × 1012 = 81 000 000 000 000 b| 4 000 0003| = 43 × (106)3 ---|---|--- = 64 × 1018 = 64 000 000 000 000 000 000 c| 625 × 8000| = 54 × 23 × 103 ---|---|--- = 5 × 103 × 103 = 5 000 000 d| 40003 × 503| = (4000 × 50)3 ---|---|--- = 200 0003 = 8 000 000 000 000 000","The views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations.","© The University of Melbourne on behalf of the International Centre of Excellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM), the education division of the Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI), 2010 (except where otherwise indicated). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/"]},"parsed_md":"Multiples, Factors and Powers\n\nThe Improving Mathematics Education in Schools (TIMES) Project\n\nreturn to index\n\nMultiples, Factors and Powers\n\nNumber and Algebra : Module 19Years : 7-8\n\nJune 2011\n\nPDF Version of module\n\n * Assumed Knowledge\n * Motivation\n * Content\n\n * Odd and even numbers\n * Representing numbers by arrays\n * Triangular numbers\n * Multiples, common multiples and the LCM\n * Factors, common factors and the HCF\n * Powers\n * Test for divisibility\n * The multiplication table\n * The index laws\n * Links Forward\n * History\n * Answers to Exercises\n\nreturn to top\n\nAssumed knowledge\n\n * Experience with the four operations of arithmetic.\n * Instant recall of the multiplication table up to 12 × 12.\n * Fractions and multiplication of fractions are required only for the last of the five index laws.\n * No algebra is assumed in this module.\n\nreturn to top\n\nMotivation\n\nMultiplication and division of whole numbers throw up many surprising things.\nThis module encourages multiplicative thinking about numbers, and introduces\nideas that are essential skills in fractions and algebra.\n\nThe ideas of this module are presented in purely arithmetical form, and no\nalgebra is used except in some remarks that look forward to later work. The\nonly numbers in the module are whole numbers, apart from the final paragraphs,\nwhere fractions are used so that the fifth index law can be presented in a\nmore satisfactory form.\n\nStudents first meet the distinction between odd numbers and even numbers in\nearly primary school, but it is useful everywhere in mathematics. Even numbers\nare multiples of 2, and more generally, multiples arise throughout mathematics\nand everyday life. The mass of a stack of bricks is a multiple of the mass of\none brick. The number of pages in a packet of notebooks is a multiple of the\nnumber of pages in one notebook.\n\nThe factors of a number can be displayed using rectangular arrays. Some\nnumbers, such as 30, can arise in many different ways as a product,\n\n30 = 1 × 30 = 2 × 15 = 3 × 10 = 5 × 6 = 2 × 3 × 5,\n\nwhereas a number such as 31 can only be written trivially as the product 31 =\n1 × 31. This idea leads to the classification of numbers greater than 1 as\neither prime or composite, and to a listing of all the factors of a number.\n\nThere are several groups of well-known divisibility tests that can check\nwhether a number is a factor without actually performing the division. These\ntests greatly simplify the listing of factors of numbers.\n\nRepeated addition leads to multiplication. Repeated multiplication in turn\nleads to powers, and manipulating powers in turn relies on five index laws.\nPowers are introduced in this module, together with four of the five index\nlaws.\n\nWe are used to comparing numbers in terms of their size. The highest common\nfactor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) allow us to compare numbers in\nterms of their factors and multiples. For example, when we look at 30 and 12,\nwe see that they are both multiples of 6, and that 6 is the greatest factor\ncommon to both numbers. We also see that 60 is a multiple of both numbers, and\nthat 60 is the lowest common multiple of them (apart from 0). The HCF and LCM\nare essential for fractions and later for algebra.\n\nreturn to top\n\nContent\n\nreturn to top\n\nOdd and even numbers\n\nHere is the usual definition of odd and even whole numbers.\n\n * A whole number is called even if it is a multiple of 2.\n * A whole number is called odd if it is not even.\n\nThus 10 is even and 11 is odd. We can demonstrate this by writing\n\n10 = 5 + 5 and 11 = 5 + 5 + 1,\n\nand we can illustrate this using arrays with two rows.\n\n10 = 5 + 5\n\n|\n\n11 = 5 + 5 + 1 \n \n---|--- \n \nThe array representing the even number 10 has the dots divided evenly into two\nequal rows of 5, but the array representing the odd number 11 has an extra odd\ndot left over.\n\nWhen we write out the whole numbers in order,\n\nthe even and odd numbers alternate, starting with 0, which is an even number\nbecause 0 + 0 = 0.\n\nThis pattern occurs in all sorts of common situations:\n\n * When we walk, we step left, right, left, right,...\n * When music is written in double time, like the Australian National Anthem, the notes are alternately stressed, unstressed, stressed, unstressed,...\n * Our time is alternately divided day, night, day, night,...\n * The squares on each row or column of a chessboard are alternately black, white, black, white,...\n\nIndeed, our concept of the number 2 is so different from our conceptions of\nall other numbers that we even use different language. We divide a pie between\ntwo people, but among three people. We identify two alternatives, but three\noptions. The word ‘doubt’ is related to the Latin ‘duo’, the word ‘two-faced’\nmeans ‘liar’, and the traditional number of the devil is 2.\n\nEXERCISE 1\n\nStudents often come up with other possible definitions of even whole numbers:\n\n * Zero is even, and after that, odd and even numbers alternate.\n * An even number can be written as the sum of two equal whole numbers.\n * An even number has remainder 0 after division by 2.\n\nWhat particular property of odd and even numbers does each illustrate?\n\nAdding and subtracting odd and even numbers\n\nThere are several obvious facts about calculations with odd and even numbers\nthat are very useful as an automatic check of calculations. First, addition\nand subtraction:\n\n * The sum or difference of two odd numbers, or two even numbers, is even.\n * The sum or difference of an odd number and an even number is odd.\n\nProofs by arrays usually convince students more than algebraic proofs. The\ndiagram below illustrates ‘odd plus odd equals even’, and shows how everything\ndepends on the odd dot left over. The other cases are very similar.\n\n\\+ =\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 2\n\nDraw four diagrams to illustrate the four cases of subtraction of odd and even\nnumbers.\n\nMultiplication of odd and even numbers\n\nWhen we multiply odd and even numbers,\n\n * The product of an even number with any number is even.\n * The product of two odd numbers is odd.\n\nProofs by arrays can be used here, but they are unwieldy. Instead, we will use\nthe previous results for adding odd and even numbers. Here are examples of the\nthree cases:\n\n6 × 4 = 24, 5 × 4 = 20, 7 × 3 = 21.\n\nThe first and second products are even because each can be written as the sum\nof even numbers:\n\n6 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 and 5 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4.\n\nThe third product can be written as the sum of pairs of odd numbers, plus an\nextra odd number:\n\n7 × 3 = (3 + 3) + (3 + 3) + (3 + 3) + 3.\n\nEach bracket is even, because it is the sum of two odd numbers, so the whole\nsum is odd.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 3\n\nWhat can we say about the quotients of odd and even numbers? Assuming in each\ncase that the division has no remainder, complete each sentence below, if\npossible. Justify your answers by examples.\n\na\n\n The quotient of an even number and an even number is...\nb\n\n The quotient of an even number and an odd number is...\nc\n\n The quotient of an odd number and an even number is...\nd\n\n The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is...\n\nUsing algebra for odd and even numbers\n\nThe previous results on the arithmetic of odd and even numbers can be obtained\nlater after pronumerals have been introduced, and expansions of brackets and\ntaking out a common factor dealt with. The important first step is:\n\n * Any even number can be written as 2a, where a is a whole number.\n * Any odd number can be written as 2a + 1, where a is a whole number.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 4\n\nObtain the previous results on the addition and multiplication of odd and even\nnumbers by algebra. Begin, ‘Let the even numbers be 2a and 2b, and the odd\nnumbers be 2a + 1 and 2b + 1, where a and b are whole numbers.’\n\nreturn to top\n\nRepresenting numbers by arrays\n\nIn the previous section, we represented even numbers by arrays with two equal\nrows, and odd numbers by arrays with two rows in which one row has one more\ndot than the other.\n\nRepresenting numbers by arrays is an excellent way to illustrate some of their\nproperties. For example, the arrays below illustrate significant properties of\nthe numbers 10, 9, 8 and 7.\n\nThe number 10\n\nThere are two rectangular arrays for 10:\n\n10 = 2 × 5\n\n|\n\n10 = 1 × 10 \n \n---|--- \n \nThe first array shows that 10 can be factored as 10 = 5 × 2, which means that\n10 is an even number.\n\nThe second array is trivial − every number can be factored as a product of\nitself and 1.\n\nThe convention used in these modules is that the first factor represents the\nnumber of rows, and the second factor represents the number of columns. The\nopposite convention, however, would be equally acceptable.\n\nThe number 9\n\nThe number 9 also has two rectangular arrays:\n\n9 = 3 × 3\n\n|\n\n9 = 1 × 9 \n \n---|--- \n \nThe first array shows that 9 is a square because it can be represented as a\nsquare array. The corresponding factoring is 9 = 3 × 3.\n\nBecause there is no 2-row array, the number 9 is odd. The second array is the\ntrivial array.\n\nThe number 8\n\nThe number 8 has two rectangular arrays and a three-dimensional array:\n\n8 = 2 × 4\n\n|\n\n8 = 1 × 8\n\n|\n\n8 = 2 × 2 × 2 \n \n---|---|--- \n \nThe third array shows that 8 is a cube because it can be represented as a\ncubic array. The corresponding factoring is 8 = 2 × 2 × 2.\n\nThe first array shows that 8 is even, and the second array is the trivial\narray.\n\nThe number 7\n\nThe interesting thing about the number 7 is that it only has the trivial\narray, because 7 dots cannot be arranged in any rectangular array apart from a\ntrivial array.\n\n7 = 1 × 7\n\nNumbers greater than 1 with only a trivial rectangular array are called prime\nnumbers. All other whole numbers greater than 1 are called composite numbers.\n\nWe shall discuss prime numbers in a great deal more detail in the later\nmodule, Primes and Prime Factorisation. The usual definition of a prime number\nexpresses exactly the same thing in terms of factors:\n\n * A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are itself and 1.\n * A composite number is a whole number greater than 1 that is not a prime number.\n\nHere are the only possible rectangular arrays for the first four prime\nnumbers:\n\n2\n\n|\n\n3\n\n|\n\n5\n\n|\n\n7 \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 5\n\na\n\n Draw all possible rectangular arrays for the numbers from 1 to 12, including any three dimensional arrays, and identify the corresponding factorings. Which of these numbers are prime, which are composite, which are square, and which are even?\nb\n\n List all the prime numbers less than 50. How many of these are even?\nc\n\n Identify all two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays for 36.\nd\n\n Draw all rectangular arrays for 16, including three-dimensional arrays.\ne\n\n If you had four dimensions at your disposal, what array would you draw?\nf\n\n What is the smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic? What are the side lengths of the corresponding arrays?\ng\n\n Why is a manufacturer more likely to pack his goods in packets of 30 than in packets of 29 or 31?\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 6\n\na\n\n Prove that when the diagonal of a square array is removed, the number of remaining dots is even.\nb\n\n If a number is subtracted from its square, what sort of number remains?\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 7\n\na\n\n Prove that in any square array, the number of dots on the outside of the array is a multiple of 4.\nb\n\n Hence prove that the difference of two even squares is divisible by 4, and that the difference of two odd squares is divisible by 4.\n\nreturn to top\n\nTriangular numbers\n\nRectangular arrays are not the only way that numbers can usefully be\nrepresented by patterns of dots.\n\n * A triangular number is a number that can be represented as a triangular array, in which each row has one more dot than the row above.\n\n1\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 = 3\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 + 3 = 6\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15 \n \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nThus the first few triangular numbers are: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21,...\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 8\n\na\n\n Explain the pattern of differences between successive triangular numbers.\nb\n\n Hence write down the first 20 triangular numbers.\nc\n\n Identify and explain the pattern of odd and even numbers in this sequence.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 9\n\nIn the diagram to the right, two copies of the fourth triangular number have\nbeen fitted together to make a rectangle.\n\nExplain how to calculate from this diagram that the 4th triangular number is\n10. Hence calculate the 100th triangular number.\n\nreturn to top\n\nMultiples, common multiples and the LCM\n\n * A multiple of a number such as 6 is a product of 6 and any whole number.\n\nWe can arrange the multiples of 6 in increasing order,\n\n0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96,...\n\nso that they form a simple pattern increasing by 6 at each step.\n\nBecause 6 is an even number, all its multiples are even. The multiples of an\nodd number such as 7, however, alternate even, odd, even, odd, even,...\nbecause we are adding the odd number 7 at each step.\n\nThe number zero is a multiple of every number. Because of this, the word\n‘multiple’ is sometimes used in the sense of ‘nonzero multiple’, but we will\nalways add the word ‘nonzero’ when 0 is excluded.\n\nThe multiples of zero are all zero. Every other whole number has infinitely\nmany multiples. This phrase ‘infinitely many’ has a very precise meaning —\nhowever many multiples you write down, there is always another multiple that\nyou haven’t written down.\n\nWe can illustrate the multiples of a number using arrays with three columns\nand an increasing numbers of rows. Here are the first few multiples of 3:\n\n0\n\n|\n\n3\n\n|\n\n6\n\n|\n\n9\n\n|\n\n12\n\n|\n\n15\n\n|\n\n18 \n \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nRows and columns can be exchanged. Thus the multiples of 3 could also be\nillustrated using arrays with three rows and an increasing numbers of columns.\n\nDivision\n\nThe repeating pattern of common multiples is a great help in understanding\ndivision. Here again are the multiples of 6,\n\n0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96,...\n\nIf we divide any of these multiples by 6, we get a quotient with remainder\nzero. For example,\n\n24 ÷ 6 = 4 and 30 ÷ 6 = 5.\n\nTo divide any other number such as 29 by 6, we first locate 29 between two\nmultiples of 6. Thus we locate 29 between 24 and 30. Because 29 = 24 + 5, we\nwrite\n\n29 ÷ 6 = 4 remainder 5 or alternatively 29 = 6 × 4 + 5.\n\nNotice that the remainder is always a whole number less than 6, because the\nmultiples of 6 step up by 6 each time. Hence with division by 6 there are only\n6 possible remainders,\n\n0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.\n\nThis result takes a very simple form when we divide by 2, because the only\npossible remainders are 0 and 1.\n\n * An even number has remainder 0 after division by 2.\n * An odd number has remainder 1 after division by 2.\n\nIn later years, when students have become far more confident with algebra,\nthese remarks about division can be written down very precisely in what is\ncalled the division algorithm.\n\n * Given a whole number n (the dividend) and a nonzero whole number d (the divisor), there are unique whole numbers q (the quotient) and r (the remainder) so that:\n\nn = dq + r and 0 £ r < d.\n\nFor example, we saw that 29 ÷ 6 = 4 remainder 5 means that\n\n29 = 6 × 4 + 5 and 0 £ 5 < 6.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 10\n\nThe table above shows all the whole numbers written out systematically in 7\ncolumns. Suppose that each number in the table is divided by 7 to produced a\nquotient and a remainder.\n\na\n\n What is the same about the results of the division in each row?\nb\n\n What is the same about the results of the division in each column?\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 11\n\nWhen 22 and 41 are divided by 6, their remainders are 4 and 5 respectively.\nYet when their sum 63 is divided by 6, the remainder is 3, and is not 4 + 5 =\n9. Explain.\n\nCommon multiples and the LCM\n\nAn important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of\nmultiples. Let us write out the first few multiples of 4, and the first few\nmultiples of 6, and compare the two lists.\n\nThe numbers that occur on both lists have been circled, and are called common\nmultiples.\n\nThe common multiples of 6 and 8 are 0, 12, 24, 36, 48,...\n\nApart from zero, which is a common multiple of any two numbers, the lowest\ncommon multiple of 4 and 6 is 12.\n\nThese same procedures can be done with any set of two or more non-zero whole\nnumbers.\n\n * A common multiple of two or more nonzero whole numbers is a whole number that a multiple of all of them.\n * The lowest common multiple or LCM of two or more whole numbers is the smallest of their common multiples, apart from zero.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n Write out the first few common multiples of 12 and of 16. Hence write out the first few common multiples of 12 and 16, and state their lowest common multiple.\nb\n\n Write out the first few multiples of 24. Hence write down the LCM of 12, 16 and 24?\nc\n\n What is the LCM of 12 and 15?\nd\n\n What is the LCM of 4, 6 and 9?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n \n\nThe multiples of 12 are 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144,...\n\nThe multiples of 16 are 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160,...\n\nHence the common multiples of 12 and 16 are 48, 96, 144,... and their LCM is\n48.\n\nb\n\n The multiples of 24 are 0, 24, 48,... Hence the LCM of 12, 16 and 24 is 48.\nc\n\n The LCM of 12 and 15 is 60.\nd\n\n The LCM of 4, 6 and 9 is 36.\n\nTwo or more nonzero numbers always have a common multiple — just multiply the\nnumbers together. But the product of the numbers is not necessarily their\nlowest common multiple. For example, in the case above of 4 and 6, one common\nmultiple is 4 × 6 = 24, but their lowest common multiple is 12.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n What is the LCM of 9 and 10?\nb\n\n What is the LCM of the first five primes?\nc\n\n What is the LCM of 6 and 24? What is the general situation illustrated here?\nd\n\n What is the LCM of 1 and 14? What is the general situation illustrated here?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The LCM of 9 and 10 is their product 90.\nb\n\n The LCM of 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 is their product, which is 2310.\nc\n\n Because 24 is a multiple of 6, the LCM of 6 and 24 is 24.\nd\n\n Every number is a multiple of 1, so the LCM of 1 and 14 is 14.\n\nThe common multiples are the multiples of the LCM\n\nYou will have noticed that the list of common multiples of 4 and 6 is actually\na list of multiples of their LCM 12. Similarly, the list of common multiples\nof 12 and 16 is a list of the multiples of their LCM 48.\n\nThis is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. In\nan exercise at the end of the module, Primes and Prime Factorisation, however,\nwe have indicated how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\n\nWe will have more to say about the LCM once the HCF has been introduced.\n\nreturn to top\n\nFactors, common factors and the HCF\n\n * We say that 6 is a factor of 18 because 18 can be factored as the product 18 = 6 × 3.\n\nThis can be restated in terms of the multiples of the previous section:\n\n * The statement that ‘6 is a factor of 18’ means that ‘18 is a multiple of 6.’\n\nThe number zero is a multiple of every number, so every number is a factor of\nzero. On the other hand, zero is the only multiple of zero, so zero is a\nfactor of no numbers except zero. These rather odd remarks are better left\nunsaid, unless students insist. They should certainly not become a distraction\nfrom the nonzero whole numbers that we want to discuss.\n\nThe product of two nonzero whole numbers is always greater than or equal to\neach factor in the product. Hence the factors of a nonzero number like 12 are\nall less than or equal to 12. Thus whereas a positive whole number has\ninfinitely many multiples, it has only finitely many factors.\n\nThe long way to find all the factors of 12 is to test systematically all the\nwhole numbers less than 12 to see whether or not they go into 12 without\nremainder. The list of factors of 12 is\n\n1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.\n\nIt is very easy to overlook factors by this method, however. A far more\nefficient way, is to look for pairs of factors whose product is 12. Begin by\ntesting all the whole numbers 1, 2, ... that could be the smaller of a pair of\nfactors with product 12,\n\n1, 2, 3,...\n\nWe stop at 3 because 42 = 16 is greater than 12, so 4 cannot be the smaller of\na pair. Now we add, in reverse order, the complementary factor of each pair,\nthat is, 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 ÷ 2 = 6 and 12 ÷ 1 = 12,\n\nWe can display these pairs of factors by writing the 12 dots in all possible\nrectangular arrays:\n\n1 × 12\n\n|\n\n2 × 6\n\n|\n\n3 × 4 \n \n---|---|--- \n \nFor a larger number such as 60, the method recommended here has the following\nsteps:\n\n * Test whether each whole number 1, 2, 3,... is a factor of 60.\n * Continue testing up to 7, because 82 = 64 is greater than 60.\n * Then write down each complementary factor in reverse order.\n\nThus the factors of 60 are\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 12\n\nUse this method to write down all the factors of 72 and 160.\n\nCommon factors and the HCF\n\nAnother important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of\nfactors. Let us write out the lists of factors of 18 and 30, and compare the\nlists.\n\nThe numbers that occur on both lists have been circled, and are called the\ncommon factors.\n\nThe common factors of 18 and 30 are 1, 2, 3 and 6.\n\nThe highest common factor is 6.\n\nAs with common multiples, these procedures can be done with any list of two or\nmore whole numbers.\n\n * A common factor of two or more whole numbers is a whole number that is a factor of all of them.\n * The highest common factor or HCF of two or more whole numbers is the largest of these common factors.\n\nThe HCF is also known as the ‘greatest common divisor’, with corresponding\ninitials GCD.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n Write out the factors of 30 and of 75. Hence write out the common factors of 30 and 75, and their highest common factor.\nb\n\n Write out the factors of 45. Hence write down the HCF of 30, 75 and 45.\nc\n\n What is the HCF of 60, 80, 90 and 100?\nd\n\n What is the HCF of 82 and 102?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The factors of 30 are 1, 30, 2, 15, 3, 10, 5, 6. The factors of 75 are 1, 75, 3, 25, 5, 15. Hence the common factors of 30 and 75 are 1, 3, 5, 15, and their HCF is 15.\nb\n\n The factors of 45 are 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45.\nc\n\n Hence the HCF of 30, 75 and 45 is 15.\nd\n\n The HCF of 60, 80, 90 and 100 is 10.\ne\n\n The HCF of 82 and 102 is 22.\n\nAny collection of whole numbers always has 1 as a common factor. The question\nis whether the numbers have common factors greater than 1.\n\nEvery whole number is a factor of 0, so the common factors of 0 and say 12 are\njust the factors of 12, and the HCF of 0 and 12 is 12. A nonzero whole number\nhas only a finite number of factors, so it has a greatest factor. Two or more\nnumbers always have a HCF because at least one of them is nonzero. These are\ndistractions from the main ideas.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n What is the HCF of 6 and 24? What is the general situation illustrated here?\nb\n\n What is the HCF of 1 and 14? What is the general situation illustrated here?\nc\n\n What is the HCF of 21 and 10? Find three other pairs of composite numbers with the same HCF.\nd\n\n What is the HCF of 0 and 15?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n Because 6 is a factor of 24, the HCF of 6 and 24 is 6.\nb\n\n The only factor of 1 is 1, so the HCF of 1 and 14 is 1.\nc\n\n The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1. Some other pairs of composite numbers with HCF 1 are 4 & 9, 16 & 25, 22 & 35, 14 & 15, 12 & 55.\nd\n\n All the factors of 15 are also factors of 0, so the HCF of 0 and 15 is 15.\n\nThe common factors are the factors of the HCF\n\nYou will have noticed that the list of common factors of 18 and 30 is actually\na list of factors of their HCF 6. Similarly, the list of common factors of 30\nand 75 is a list of the factors of their HCF 15.\n\nAgain, this is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by\nexamples. An exercise at the end of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation\nindicates how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\n\nTwo relationships between the HCF and LCM\n\nThe two relationships below between the HCF and the LCM are again best\nillustrated by examples in Year 7, but an exercise in the module Primes and\nPrime Factorisation indicates how they can be proven.\n\nThe first relationship is extremely useful, and is used routinely when working\nwith common denominators of fractions.\n\n * If the HCF of two numbers is 1, then their LCM is their product.\n\nThe converse is also true, although it does not arise so often.\n\nFor example,\n\nThe numbers 4 and 9 have HCF 1, and their LCM is their product 36.\n\nThe numbers 6 and 7 have HCF 1 and their LCM is their product 42.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n Find the HCF and LCM of 21 and 10.\nb\n\n Find the HCF and LCM of 14 and 15.\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1, and their LCM is their product 210.\nb\n\n The HCF of 28 and 15 is 1, and their LCM is their product 420.\n\nThe second relationship is not so obvious, and needs to be brought out by\nexamples.\n\n * The product of the HCF and LCM of two nonzero whole numbers is the product of the numbers.\n\nFor example, the numbers 4 and 6 have HCF 2 and LCM 12, and 2 × 12 = 4 × 6.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nConfirm this relationship for:\n\na10 and 15 b 12 and 9 c 40 and 10\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The numbers 10 and 15 have HCF 5 and LCM 30, and 10 × 15 = 5 × 30.\nb\n\n The numbers 12 and 9 have HCF 3 and LCM 36, and 12 × 9 = 3 × 36.\nc\n\n The numbers 40 and 10 have HCF 10 and LCM 40, and 10 × 40 = 40 × 10.\n\nThe three-part example below indicates how this relationship can be proven\nfrom the relationship above, although such a proof would be unsuited for most\nYear 7 students.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 13\n\na\n\n Find the HCF and LCM of 12 and 20, and show that LCM × HCF = 12 × 20.\nb\n\n Show that when 12 and 20 are each divided by their HCF, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\nc\n\n Show that when the LCM is divided by 12 and by 20, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\n\nreturn to top\n\nPowers\n\nWhen we multiply a number by itself, we usually use a more concise notation,\n\n3 = 31 \n--- \n3 × 3 = 32| (read as ‘3 squared’) \n3 × 3 × 3 = 33| (read as ‘3 cubed’) \n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34| (read as ‘3 to the power 4’ or as ‘3 to the 4th’) \n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 35 \n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 36 \n \n * The expression 35 is called a power of 3.\n * The raised 5 in 35 is called the index of the power.\n * The number 3 in 35 is called the base of the power.\n\nThe terms ‘3 squared’ for 32 and ‘3 cubed’ for 33 come from geometry. As we\nsaw earlier in the module, we can arrange 32 dots in a square and 33 dots in a\ncube:\n\n32| 33 \n---|--- \n \n * The numbers 02 = 0, 12 = 1, 22 = 4, 32 = 9... are called squares.\n * The numbers 03 = 0, 13 = 1, 23 = 8, 33 = 27... are called cubes.\n\nAs mentioned before, there is no straightforward geometrical representation of\nhigher powers.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 14\n\na\n\n Write down the first 16 squares, starting from 02 = 0.\nb\n\n Write down the first 13 cubes, starting from 03 = 0.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 15\n\na\n\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two squares in two distinct ways?\nb\n\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nc\n\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two distinct nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nd\n\n The number 1729 is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two cubes in two distinct ways. Show how this can be done. (This observation has become famous because of a conversation between the Indian mathematician Ramanujan and the English mathematician Hardy. See Wikipedia for the details.)\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 16\n\nAdding successive odd numbers gives successive squares:\n\n1 = 1 \n--- \n1 + 3 = 4 \n1 + 3 + 5 = 9 \n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 \n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25 \n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 = 36 \n... \n \nDissect a square array of 25 dots to show why this is happening.\n\nExercise 17\n\n[A rather difficult challenge activity] Adding successive cubes gives the\nsquares of the triangular numbers:\n\n13| = 1| = 12 \n---|---|--- \n13 + 23| = 9| = 32 \n13 + 23 + 33| = 36| = 62 \n13 + 23 + 33 + 43| = 100| = 102 \n13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53| = 225| = 152 \n \na\n\n Gather a large number of small blocks, and build cubic stacks of 13 blocks, 23 blocks, 33 blocks,...\nb\n\n Place the stack of 13 = 1 blocks on the table, then dismantle the 23 = 8 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 13 = 1 stack to produce a square 3 × 3 array.\nc\n\n Dismantle the 33 = 27 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 3 × 3 array to produce a square 6 × 6 array.\nd\n\n Explain how the pattern continues to work.\n\nSuccessive powers of a number\n\nPowers of numbers are used extensively later in the study of logarithms and of\ncombinatorics. It is useful to be able to compute or remember some smaller\npowers quickly, and recognise them.\n\nThe powers of 2 are: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096,\n8192,...\n\nThe powers of 3 are: 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729,...\n\nThe powers of 4 are every second power of 2.\n\nThe powers of 5 are: 5, 25, 125, 625, 3125,...\n\nThe powers of 6 are: 6, 36, 216,...\n\nThe powers of 7 are: 7, 49, 343,...\n\nThe powers of 8 are every third power of 2.\n\nThe powers of 9 are every second power of 3.\n\nThe powers of 10 are: 10, 100, 1000, 10 000, 100 000, 1 000 000,...\n\nThe powers of 16 are every fourth power of 2.\n\nOur base 10 place-value system displays every number as a sum of multiples of\npowers of 10.\n\nComputers use a base 2 place-value system, so computer programmers need to\nknow the powers of 2, and must be able to convert numbers quickly to a sum of\npowers of 2.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 18\n\nWrite 201 as a sum of powers of 2. Hence write 201 in base 2 notation.\n\nreturn to top\n\nTest for divisibility\n\nThere are several straightforward tests for divisibility that are very useful\nwhen factoring numbers. They all have their origin in the base 10 that we use\nfor our system of numerals.\n\nDivisibility by powers of 2 and powers of 5\n\nThe tests for divisibility by powers of 2 and 5 arise from the fact that 10 =\n2 × 5.\n\nBecause 10 is a multiple of 2, every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 2. Thus\nto test whether a number is divisible by 2, we only need to look at the last\ndigit.\n\n * A number is divisible by 2 if its last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.\n\nSimilarly, 10 is a multiple of 5, so every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 5.\nThus to test whether a number is divisible by 5, we only need to look at the\nlast digit.\n\n * A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5.\n\nFor example:\n\nThe number 864 ends with 4, so it is divisible by 2, but not by 5.\n\nThe number 1395 ends with 5, so it is divisible by 5, but not by 2.\n\nThe number 74 830 ends with 0, so it is divisible both by 2 and by 5.\n\nThe squares 22 = 4 and 52 = 25 are factors of 100, so every multiple of 100 is\na multiple of 4 and of 25. Thus to test for divisibility by 4 and 25, we only\nneed to look at the last two digits.\n\n * A number is divisible by 4 if the number formed by its last two digits is divisible by 4.\n * A number is divisible by 25 if the number formed by its last two digits is divisible by 25.\n\nSimilarly, 23 = 8 and 53 = 125 are factors of 1000, so\n\n * A number is divisible by 8 if the number formed by its last three digits is divisible by 8.\n * A number is divisible by 125 if the number formed by its last three digits is divisible by 125.\n\nThese tests can be continued for higher powers of 2 and 5.\n\nExample\n\na\n\n Test 6 945 732 for divisibility by 2, 4, 8,...\nb\n\n Test 5 671 625 for divisibility by 5, 25, 125,...\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The number 6 945 732 is divisible by 4 (and hence also by 2) because 32 is divisible by 4, but it is not divisible by 8 because 732 is not divisible by 8.\nb\n\n The number 5 671 625 is divisible by 125 (and hence also by 25 and 5) because 625 is divisible by 125, but it is not divisible by 54 = 625 because 1625 is not divisible by 625.\n\nDivisibility by 9 and 3\n\nThe tests for divisibility by 9, and in turn by 3, arise from the fact that 9\nis 1 less than 10.\n\nWhen 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 9, the remainder is 1. For example,\n\n1 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 1 \n---|--- \n10 ÷ 9| = 1 remainder 1 \n100 ÷ 9| = 11 remainder 1 \n1000 ÷ 9| = 111 remainder 1 \n \nMultiplying each by a single digit number less than 9,\n\n4 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 4 \n---|--- \n50 ÷ 9| = 5 remainder 5 \n200 ÷ 9| = 22 remainder 2 \n9000 ÷ 9| = 999 remainder 9; better written as 1000 remainder 0. \n \nThe remainder when 9254 is divided by 9 is the same as the remainder when 9 +\n2 + 5 + 4 = 20 is divided by 9. The general result is\n\n * When a number, and the sum of its digits, are both divided by 9, the remainders are the same.\n\nBecause 9 is a multiple of 3, the remainders after division by 3 follows a\nsimilar pattern,\n\n4 and 4 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\n50 and 5 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\n200 and 2 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\n9000 and 9 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\nAdding these results, 9254 and 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 have the same remainder when\ndivided by 3. The general result is\n\n * When a number, and the sum of its digits, are both divided 3, the remainders are the same.\n\nFor example,\n\n167 ÷ 9 = 18 remainder 5| and| 167 ÷ 3 = 55 remainder 2 \n---|---|--- \n(1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 5| (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 3 = 4 remainder 2 \n \nExample\n\nFind the remainders when 62 574 is divided by 9 and by 3.\n\nSolution\n\nThe sum of the digits is 6 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 4 = 24, and 2 + 4 = 6. Hence 62 574\nhas remainder 6 when divided by 9, and remainder 0 when divided by 3.\n\nWith most students in Years 7−8, however, only the corresponding divisibility\ntests are appropriate:\n\n * A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.\n * A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.\n\nExample\n\nTest for divisibility by 3 and by 9:\n\na 71 325 618 b 36 867 924\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The sum of the digits is 7 + 1 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 6 + 1 + 8 = 33, and 3 + 3 = 6. Hence 71 325 618 is divisible by 3, but not by 9.\nb\n\n The sum of the digits is 3 + 6 + 8 + 6 + 7 + 9 + 2 + 4 = 45, and 4 + 5 = 9. Hence 36 867 924 is divisible by 3 and by 9.\n\nDivisibility by 11\n\nThe test for divisibility by 11 arises from the fact that 11 is 1 more than\n10, but 9 × 11 = 99 is 1 less than 100.\n\nWhen 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 11, the remainder is alternately 1 and\n10, but we shall regard the remainder 10 as being remainder −1.\n\n1 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 1 \n---|--- \n10 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \n100 ÷ 11| = 9 remainder 1 \n1000 ÷ 11| = 91 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \n10 000 ÷ 11| = 909 remainder 1 \n100 000 ÷ 11| = 9091 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \n \nMultiplying each result by a single digit number,\n\n4 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 4 \n---|--- \n20 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −5 \n500 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 2 \n3000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −9 \n90 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 3 \n800 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −8 \n \nAdding these results, the remainder when 893 524 is divided by 11 is the same\nas the remainder when 4 − 2 + 5 − 3 + 9 − 8 = 7 is divided by 9. It was\nimportant here to write the alternating sum of the digits starting at the\nright-hand end with the units. The general result is,\n\n * When a number is divided by 11, the remainder is the same as the division by 11 of the alternating sum of the digits, starting at the right-hand end with the digits.\n\nFor example,\n\n91 627 ÷ 11 = 8329 remainder 8 and (7 − 2 + 6 − 1 + 9) ÷ 11 = 1 remainder 8.\n\nExample\n\nFind the remainders after division by 11 of:\n\na 62 578 b 937 565\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 7 + 5 − 2 + 6 = 10. Hence 62 578 has remainder 10 when divided by 11.\nb\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 6 + 5 − 7 + 3 − 9 = −9. Hence 937 565 has remainder 11 − 9 = 2 when divided by 11.\n\nAs with 3 and 9, only the corresponding divisibility test is usually\nappropriate in Years 7−8:\n\n * A number is divisible by 11 if the alternating sum of its digits is divisible by 11.\n\nExample\n\nTest for divisibility by 11:\n\na 71 325 618 b 71 938 471\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 1 + 6 − 5 + 2 − 3 + 1 − 7 = 1. Hence 71 325 618 is not divisible by 11.\nb\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 1 − 7 + 4 − 8 + 3 − 9 + 1 − 7 = −22. Hence 71 938 471 is divisible by 11.\n\nDivisibility by numbers that are not prime powers\n\nWe can combine the previous tests for divisibility by testing separately for\ndivisibility by the highest power of each prime. Here are examples of some\nsuch tests:\n\n * A number is divisible by 6 = 2 × 3 if it is divisible by 2 and by 3.\n * A number is divisible by 12 = 4 × 3 if it is divisible by 4 and by 3.\n * A number is divisible by 15 = 3 × 5 if it is divisible by 3 and by 5.\n * A number is divisible by 18 = 2 × 9 if it is divisible by 2 and by 9.\n * A number is divisible by 66 = 2 × 3 × 11 if it is divisible by 2, by 3 and by 11.\n\nDivisibility by powers of 10 is particularly simple—just count the number of\nzeroes.\n\nExample\n\na\n\n Test 726 for divisibility by 6, 12 and 18.\nb\n\n Test 6875 for divisibility by 55 and 275.\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n \n\nFactoring the three divisors, 6 = 2 × 3, 12 = 4 × 3 and 18 = 2 × 9. By looking\nat the last digit and the last two digits, 726 is divisible by 2, but not by\n4.\n\nThe sum of the digits is 15, so 726 is divisible by 3, but not by 9. Hence 726\nis divisible by 6, but not by 12 or 18.\n\nb\n\n Factoring the two divisors, 55 = 5 × 11 and 275 = 25 × 11. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 6875 is divisible by 5 and by 25.\nc\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 7 + 8 − 6 = 0, so 6875 is divisible by 11. Hence 6875 is divisible by 55 and by 275.\n\nreturn to top\n\nThe multiplication table\n\nThe multiplication table is one of the best-known objects in arithmetic. It is\nformed by doing nothing more that writing out the first twelve non-zero\nmultiples of each number from 1 to 12 in twelve successive rows. (Or perhaps\nthey were written out in twelve successive columns.)\n\nDespite the simplicity of its construction, it is a very powerful object\nindeed, and well justifies the recommendation to learn it by heart. Here are\nsome of its many properties — students routinely find many more.\n\n * All products from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12 are contained in the table. The answer to 9 × 7 is 63, which is located at the entry in the 7th row and the 9th column (or the 9th row and the 7th column).\n * The LCM of any two numbers up to 12 can be found from the table. The LCM of 8 and 10 is 40, which is the first common entry in the 8th and 10th rows (or in the 8th and 10th columns).\n * The numbers on the leading diagonal from 1 in the top left to 144 in the bottom right are the squares 1, 4, 9, 16,...\n * The whole table is symmetric about the leading diagonal. This illustrates the fact that multiplication is commutative, meaning, for example, that 7 × 9 = 9 × 7.\n * What is the pattern formed by shading all the even numbers? Every second column and every second row is shaded, leaving isolated odd numbers. We saw above how all multiples of even numbers are even, and that odd and even numbers alternate in the multiples of an odd number.\n * What is the pattern formed by shading all the multiples of 3? This time every third row and every third column is shaded.\n\nStudents often see many more patterns in this table. The following exercise\ngives some less obvious properties, but the proofs are omitted, because they\nrequire quite serious algebra. Once sequences and series are being studied,\nperhaps in Year 11, the table is well worth revisiting because of the insights\nit can give into sequences and into the use of algebra.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 19\n\na\n\n What pattern is formed by shading the numbers that are multiples of 4?\nb\n\n What pattern is formed by the differences between successive terms on any diagonal parallel to the leading diagonal?\nc\n\n Now take the opposite diagonal passing through the square 49 from top right to bottom left. What numbers arise when we subtract each from 49? What happens with parallel diagonals through other squares?\n\nreturn to top\n\nThe index laws\n\nThere are five useful laws, collectively called the index laws, that help us\nmanipulate powers. At this stage, they are best established by examples and\nlearnt verbally.\n\nAfter algebra has been introduced, however, they can be presented in their\nmore familiar algebraic formulation. For later reference, they are summarised\nhere verbally and algebraically:\n\n * To multiply powers of the same base, add the indices. am × an = am + n\n * To divide powers of the same base, subtract the indices. am ÷ an = am − n\n * To raise a power to a power, multiply the indices. (am)n = amn\n * The power of a product is the product of the powers. (ab)n = anbn\n * The power of a quotient is the quotient of the powers. n =\n\nMultiplying powers with the same base\n\nIf we write out the powers as continued products, we can quickly see what is\nhappening when we multiply powers with the same base.\n\n75 × 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7) × (7 × 7 × 7) = 78\n\nThere are 5 + 3 = 8 factors of 7 in the product, so the product is 78.\n\n * To multiply powers with the same base, add the indices. For example, 75 × 73 = 78\n\nDividing powers with the same base\n\nWe can use the same approach with dividing powers with the same base.\n\n75 ÷ 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × ) ÷ (7 × 7 × 7) = 72\n\nThere are 5 − 3 = 2 factors of 7 in the quotient, so the quotient is 72.\n\n * To divide powers with the same base, subtract the indices. For example, 75 ÷ 73 = 72\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nSimplify each expression, leaving the answer as a power.\n\na 32 × 35 b 57 ÷ 53 c 109 ÷ 103 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122\n\nSolution\n\na 32 × 35 = 37 b 57 ÷ 53 = 54 c 109 ÷ 103 = 106 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122 = 1212\n\nThe examples above have carefully avoided questions like 73 ÷ 75, where the\ndivisor is a higher power than the dividend. Such questions are better written\nas fractions,\n\n= or = 7-2\n\nThe first form can be covered once fractions have been introduced. The second\nform requires negative indices, which are usually regarded as a little too\nsophisticated for Years 7−8.\n\nRaising a power to a power\n\nWe often need to deal with expressions such as (73)4 in which a power is\nraised to a power. Writing out just the outer power allows us to apply the\nprevious law.\n\n(73)4| = 73 × 73 × 73 × 73 \n---|--- \n= 712 \n \nThere are 3 × 4 factors of 7 in the expression, so it simplifies to 712.\n\n * To raise a power to a power, multiply the indices. For example,\n\n(73)4 = 712\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nSimplify each expression, leaving the answer as a power:\n\na (65)7 b (103)5 c (42)3 × (43)2 d (115)4 ÷ (116)3\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n|\n\n(65)7 = 635\n\n|\n\nb\n\n|\n\n(103)5 = 1015 \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nc\n\n|\n\n(42)3 × (43)2 = 46 × 46 = 412\n\n|\n\nd\n\n|\n\n(115)4 ÷ (116)3 = 1120 ÷ 1118 = 112 \n \nThe power of a product\n\nThe fourth law deals with a power of a product. Again, we can write out the\npower.\n\n(2 × 3)4| = (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) \n---|--- \n= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) \n= 24 × 34 \n \nThese steps rely heavily on the any-order property of multiplication to\nregroup the 4 factors of 2 and the 4 factors of 3.\n\n * The power of a product is the product of the powers. For example,\n\n(2 × 3)4 = 24 × 34\n\nExample\n\nWrite each expression without brackets, leaving the answer in index notation.\n\na (3 × 7)4 b (8 × 12)6 c (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3 d (5 × 7 × 9)6 ÷ (55)2\n\nSolution\n\na| (3 × 7)4 = 34 × 74| b| (8 × 12)6 = 86 × 126 \n---|---|---|--- \nc| (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3| = 34 × 54 × 33 × 73| d| (5 × 7 × 9)16 ÷ (55)2| = 516 ×\n716 × 916 ÷ 510 \n= 37 × 54 × 73| = 56 × 716 × 916 \n \nThe power of a quotient\n\nThe final index law deals with the power of a quotient. It is clumsy to\nformulate this law using the division sign, so fraction notation for division\nis used for the only time in this module.\n\n= × × × \n--- \n= \n \nThe same process can be done with the power of any fraction, giving the\ngeneral result,\n\n * The power of a quotient is the quotient of the powers. For example,\n\n=\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nSimplify each expression, evaluating the resulting powers:\n\na b c d\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n|\n\n4 = =\n\n|\n\nb\n\n|\n\n= = \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nc\n\n|\n\n= =\n\n|\n\nd\n\n|\n\n= = = = 5 \n \nThe index laws and mental arithmetic\n\n‘A power of a product is the product of powers’ is useful in mental\narithmetic, both forwards and in reverse. For example,\n\n204| = (2 × 10)4| 32 × 125| = 25 × 53 \n---|---|---|--- \n= 24 × 104| = 22 × (2 × 5)3 \n= 16 × 10 000| and| = 22 × 103 \n= 160 000| = 4 × 1000 \n= 4000 \n \nBecause our system of numerals has base 10, isolating powers of 10 is always\ngood practice. In the first example, we factored 20 as 20 = 2 × 10. In the\nsecond example, we combined factors of 2 and factors of 5 to make factors of\n10.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 20\n\nShow how to calculate these expressions using the index laws to work with\npowers of 10.\n\na 30004 b 4 000 0003 c 625 × 8000 d 40003 × 503\n\nreturn to top\n\nLinks Forward\n\nThe HCF and LCM are essential for the study of fractions, which are introduced\nin the module Fractions. To express a fraction in simplest form, we cancel the\nHCF of the numerator and denominator, and to add and subtract fractions, we\nusually use the LCM of their denominators as a common denominator,\n\n= and + = + = .\n\nThe HCF of two algebraic expressions is important in factoring. The first step\nin the systematic factoring of an expression is to take out the HCF of the\nterms:\n\n3ax2 − 6a2x = 3ax(x − 2a).\n\nFactoring by taking out the HCF is first considered in the module Algebraic\nExpressions, and developed further in the module, Negatives and the Index\nLaws.\n\nPrime numbers are the building blocks of all whole numbers when we take them\napart by factoring. For example, we can write 60 as a product of primes,\n\n60 = 22 × 3 × 5.\n\nEvery composite number has one and only one prime factorisation. Prime\nfactorisation is the central concern of the module Primes and Prime\nFactorisation. This module also shows how prime factorisation yields more\nsystematic approaches to the calculations of the HCF and LCM.\n\nThe five index laws have been introduced in the present module in the context\nof whole numbers, although it was mentioned that the fifth law, and a clearer\nstatement of the second law, require fractions. The modules, Negatives and the\nIndex Laws and Special Expansions and Algebraic Fractions extend them to\nrational numbers and also give them an algebraic formulation, although the\nindices are still only nonzero whole numbers. The later module The Index Laws\nextends the indices to any rational number.\n\nThe presentation in this module has been carried out arithmetically, and\nentirely within the whole numbers. There have been no algebra or fractions\nexcept in the occasional remark and exercise that looks forward to later\ncontent. Arrays, rather than areas, have been used to represent products, so\nthat the whole-number aspect of the ideas can be emphasised. It is important\nin later years, when algebra has been used to generalise the content, not to\nlose the arithmetic intuition of the present module.\n\nreturn to top\n\nHistory\n\nAll the present material was expounded by the ancient Greek mathematicians.\nThe idea of representing numbers by arrays was developed particularly by\nPythagoras and his school, who developed theories about what we now call\n‘figurate numbers’. These include the triangular numbers discussed in this\nmodule, and pentagonal and tetrahedral numbers.\n\nreturn to top\n\nANSWERS TO EXERCISES\n\nExercise 2\n\nHere is ‘odd minus odd equals even’. The other cases are similar.\n\n− =\n\nExercise 3\n\na\n\n The quotient of an even number and an even number may be even or odd. For example, 12 ÷ 6 = 2 and 12 ÷ 4 = 3.\nb\n\n The quotient of an even number and an odd number is always even. For example, 12 ÷ 3 = 4.\nc\n\n (When an odd number is divided by an even number, the remainder is never zero.)\nd\n\n The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is always odd. For example, 35 ÷ 5 = 7.\n\nExercise 4\n\nFor addition,\n\n2a + 2b| = 2(a + b) \n---|--- \n(2a + 1) + 2b| = 2(a + b) + 1 \n(2a + 1) + (2b + 1)| = 2(a + b + 1) \n \nFor multiplication,\n\n(2a) × (2b)| = 2 × 2ab \n---|--- \n(2a) × (2b + 1)| = 2 × a(2b + 1) \n(2a + 1) × (2b + 1)| = 4ab + 2a + 2b + 1 \n= 2(2ab + a + b) + 1 \n \nExercise 5\n\na\n\n All the numbers have a trivial array. The number 1 and the primes 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 each have only a trivial array. The composite numbers 4, 6, 8, 9 and 12 each have at least one other array. The even numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 are those with a 2-row array. The squares 4 and 9 also have a square array. The numbers 6 and 10 each have only one non-trivial rectangular array. The number 8 has the three-dimensional array and a 2 × 4 array. The number 12 has three two-dimensional arrays because 12 = 1 × 12 = 2 × 6 = 3 × 4, and also has a three-dimensional 2 × 2 × 3 array.\nb\n\n The 15 primes less than 50 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47. The number 2 is the only even prime number.\nc\n\n There are five two-dimensional arrays 36 = 1 × 36 = 2 × 18 = 3 × 12 = 4 × 9 = 6 × 6. There are three three-dimensional arrays 36 = 2 × 2 × 9 = 2 × 3 × 6 = 3 × 3 × 4.\nd\n\n There are four arrays 16 = 1 × 16 = 2 × 8 = 4 × 4 = 2 × 2 × 4. If we had four dimensions at our disposal, we could draw the array corresponding to 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ne\n\n Various responses\nf\n\n The smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic is 64 = 8 × 8 = 4 × 4 × 4. If we had use of six dimensions, we could draw the array 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ng\n\n There are a great many ways to arrange 30 objects in a rectangular pattern or three dimensional block with no wasted space. The numbers 29 and 31 are prime, so except for packing all the items in a row, any packing into a block will have empty spaces.\n\nExercise 6\n\na\n\n The dots in the lower left triangle of the square array are the reflection of the dots in the upper right triangle.\nb\n\n It follows immediately from part a that the difference is even. Alternatively, the square of an even number is even and the square of an odd number is odd, and the difference of two even numbers or two odd numbers is even.\n\nExercise 7\n\na\n\n If each side of the square has, for example 7 dots, then the total numbers of dots is 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 4 × 6.\nb\n\n Take the larger of the two arrays, and keep removing its outer layer until it becomes the smaller array. At each step, the side length of the array goes down by 2, and the number of dots removed is a multiple of 4.\n\nExercise 8\n\na\n\n The difference increases by 1 each time, because each new row has one more dot.\nb\n\n 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, 136, 153, 171, 190, 210,...\nc\n\n Two odds, then two evens, then two odds, then two evens,... Every time an odd number is added, the sum changes from even to odd or from odd to even. When an even number is added, however, the sum either stays even or stays odd.\n\nExercise 9\n\nThe diagram shows that the 4th triangular number is (4 × 5) ÷ 2 = 10.\n\nSimilarly, the 100th triangular number is (100 × 101) ÷ 2 = 5050.\n\nExercise 10\n\na\n\n All the numbers except for the last number in the row have the same quotient. For example, the entries in the 5th row have quotient 4 when divided by 7.\nb\n\n All the numbers in, for example, the 5th column have remainder 5 when divided by 7.\n\nExercise 11\n\nThe remainders when 22 and 41 are divided by 6 are 4 and 5, whose sum is 9.\nBut 9 = 6 + 3, so the remainder when dividing 63 by 6 is 3.\n\nExercise 12\n\nThe factors of 72 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72.\n\nThe factors of 160 are 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32 40, 80, 160.\n\nExercise 13\n\na\n\n The numbers 12 and 20 have HCF 4 and LCM 60, and 4 × 60 = 12 × 20.\nb\n\n When 12 and 20 are divided by their HCF, which is 4, the resulting numbers are 3 and 5, and the numbers 3 and 5 have HCF 1.\nc\n\n When the LCM, which is 60, is divided by 12 and by 20, the resulting numbers are 5 and 3, and the numbers 5 and 3 have HCF 1.\n\n(Notice that the resulting numbers in parts b and c are the same.)\n\nExercise 14\n\na\n\n 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225,...\nb\n\n 0, 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000, 1331, 1728,...\n\nExercise 15\n\na\n\n 25 = 52 + 02 = 32 + 42.\nb\n\n 50 = 52 + 52 = 72 + 12.\nc\n\n 65 = 82 + 12 = 72 + 42.\nd\n\n 1729 = 123 + 13 = 103 + 93.\n\nExercise 16\n\nExercise 18\n\n201 = 128 + 64 + 8 + 1 = 27 + 26 + 23 + 1, so in base 2 notation, 201 = 11 001\n001.\n\nExercise 19\n\na\n\n Every fourth row and every fourth column is shaded, together with the numbers in the exact centre of the remaining squares.\nb\n\n The differences along each diagonal parallel to the leading diagonal increase by 2 each time.\nc\n\n \n\nThe differences from 49 are:\n\n12 when 1 step away, 22 when 2 steps away, 32 when 3 steps away,...\n\nThe same pattern of differences occurs along each parallel diagonal through a\nsquare, for example,\n\n4 × 6 = 52 − 12, 3 × 7 = 52 − 22, 2 × 8 = 52 − 32, 1 × 9 = 52 − 42\n\nExercise 20\n\na| 30004| = 34 × (103)4 \n---|---|--- \n= 81 × 1012 \n= 81 000 000 000 000 \nb| 4 000 0003| = 43 × (106)3 \n---|---|--- \n= 64 × 1018 \n= 64 000 000 000 000 000 000 \nc| 625 × 8000| = 54 × 23 × 103 \n---|---|--- \n= 5 × 103 × 103 \n= 5 000 000 \nd| 40003 × 503| = (4000 × 50)3 \n---|---|--- \n= 200 0003 \n= 8 000 000 000 000 000 \n \nThe Improving Mathematics Education in Schools (TIMES) Project 2009-2011 was\nfunded by the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and\nWorkplace Relations.\n\nThe views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily\nrepresent the views of the Australian Government Department of Education,\nEmployment and Workplace Relations.\n\n© The University of Melbourne on behalf of the International Centre of\nExcellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM), the education division of\nthe Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI), 2010 (except where\notherwise indicated). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons\nAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.\nhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://sciencing.com/factors-number-quickly-easily-5192972.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921190601/https://sciencing.com/factors-number-quickly-easily-5192972.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily","passages":["Finding the factors of a number is an important math skill for basic arithmetic, algebra and calculus. The factors of a number are any numbers that divide into it exactly, including 1 and the number itself. In other words, every number is the product of multiple factors.","The quickest way to find the factors of a number is to divide it by the smallest prime number (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no remainder. Continue this process with each number you get, until you reach 1.","A number that can only be divided by 1 and itself is called a prime number. Examples of prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13. The number 1 is not considered a prime number because 1 goes into everything.","Some divisibility rules can help you find the factors of a number. If a number is even, it's divisible by 2, i.e. 2 is a factor. If a number's digits total a number that's divisible by 3, the number itself is divisible by 3, i.e. 3 is a factor. If a number ends with a 0 or a 5, it's divisible by 5, i.e. 5 is a factor.","If a number is divisible twice by 2, it's divisible by 4, i.e. 4 is a factor. If a number is divisible by 2 and by 3, it's divisible by 6, i.e. 6 is a factor. If a number is divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9, i.e. 9 is a factor.","Establish the number you want to find the factors of, for example 24. Find two more numbers that multiply to make 24. In this case, 1 x 24 = 2 x 12 = 3 x 8 = 4 x 6 = 24. This means the factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.","Factor negative numbers in the same way as positive numbers, but make sure the factors multiply together to produce a negative number. For example, the factors of -30 are -1, 1, -2, 2, -3, 3, -5, 5, -6, 6, -10, 10, -15 and 15.","If you have a large number, it's more difficult to do the mental math to find its factors. To make it easier, create a table with two columns and write the number above it. Using the number 3784 as an example, start by dividing it by the smallest prime factor (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no remainder. In this case, 2 x 1892 = 3784. Write the prime factor (2) in the left column and the other number (1892) in the right column.","Continue with this process, i.e. 2 x 946 = 1892, adding both numbers to the table. When you reach an odd number (e.g., 2 x 473 = 946), divide by small prime numbers besides 2 until you find one that divides evenly with no remainder. In this case, 11 x 43 = 473. Continue the process until you reach 1.","Claire is a writer and editor with 18 years' experience. She writes about science and health for a range of digital publications, including Reader's Digest, HealthCentral, Vice and Zocdoc."]},"parsed_md":"How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily | Sciencing\n\n * # SCIENCE\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Cells\n\n * ### Molecular\n\n * ### Microorganisms\n\n * ### Genetics\n\n * ### Human Body\n\n * ### Ecology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Atomic & Molecular Structure\n\n * ### Bonds\n\n * ### Reactions\n\n * ### Stoichiometry\n\n * ### Solutions\n\n * ### Acids & Bases\n\n * ### Thermodynamics\n\n * ### Organic Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Mechanics\n\n * ### Electronics\n\n * ### Waves\n\n * ### Energy\n\n * ### Fluid\n\n * ### Astronomy\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Minerals & Rocks\n\n * ### Earth Structure\n\n * ### Fossils\n\n * ### Natural Disasters\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Ecosystems\n\n * ### Environment\n\n * ### Insects\n\n * ### Plants & Mushrooms\n\n * ### Animals\n\n * # MATH\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Addition & Subtraction\n\n * ### Multiplication & Division\n\n * ### Decimals\n\n * ### Fractions\n\n * ### Conversions\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Working With Units\n\n * ### Equations & Expressions\n\n * ### Ratios & Proportions\n\n * ### Inequalities\n\n * ### Exponents & Logarithms\n\n * ### Factorization\n\n * ### Functions\n\n * ### Linear Equations\n\n * ### Graphs\n\n * ### Quadratics\n\n * ### Polynomials\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Cartesian\n\n * ### Circles\n\n * ### Solids\n\n * ### Trigonometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Mean/Median/Mode\n\n * ### Independent/Dependent Variables\n\n * ### Deviation\n\n * ### Correlation\n\n * ### Sampling\n\n * ### Distributions\n\n * ### Probability\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * ### Differentiation/Integration\n\n * ### Application\n\n * # PROJECTS\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * # NEWS\n\n * Share\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\n * Home ⋅\n * Math ⋅\n * Arithmetic ⋅\n * Multiplication & Division\n\n# How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily\n\n••• djedzura/iStock/GettyImages\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nRelated\n\n### What Is Factoring in Math?\n\nUpdated May 10, 2018\n\nBy Claire Gillespie\n\nFinding the factors of a number is an important math skill for basic\narithmetic, algebra and calculus. The factors of a number are any numbers that\ndivide into it exactly, including 1 and the number itself. In other words,\nevery number is the product of multiple factors.\n\n#### TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read)\n\nThe quickest way to find the factors of a number is to divide it by the\nsmallest prime number (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no\nremainder. Continue this process with each number you get, until you reach 1.\n\n## Prime Numbers\n\nA number that can only be divided by 1 and itself is called a prime number.\nExamples of prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13. The number 1 is not\nconsidered a prime number because 1 goes into everything.\n\n## Divisibility Rules\n\nSome divisibility rules can help you find the factors of a number. If a number\nis even, it's divisible by 2, i.e. 2 is a factor. If a number's digits total a\nnumber that's divisible by 3, the number itself is divisible by 3, i.e. 3 is a\nfactor. If a number ends with a 0 or a 5, it's divisible by 5, i.e. 5 is a\nfactor.\n\nIf a number is divisible twice by 2, it's divisible by 4, i.e. 4 is a factor.\nIf a number is divisible by 2 and by 3, it's divisible by 6, i.e. 6 is a\nfactor. If a number is divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is\ndivisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9, i.e. 9 is a factor.\n\n## Finding Factors Quickly\n\nEstablish the number you want to find the factors of, for example 24. Find two\nmore numbers that multiply to make 24. In this case, 1 x 24 = 2 x 12 = 3 x 8 =\n4 x 6 = 24. This means the factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.\n\nFactor negative numbers in the same way as positive numbers, but make sure the\nfactors multiply together to produce a negative number. For example, the\nfactors of -30 are -1, 1, -2, 2, -3, 3, -5, 5, -6, 6, -10, 10, -15 and 15.\n\nIf you have a large number, it's more difficult to do the mental math to find\nits factors. To make it easier, create a table with two columns and write the\nnumber above it. Using the number 3784 as an example, start by dividing it by\nthe smallest prime factor (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no\nremainder. In this case, 2 x 1892 = 3784. Write the prime factor (2) in the\nleft column and the other number (1892) in the right column.\n\nContinue with this process, i.e. 2 x 946 = 1892, adding both numbers to the\ntable. When you reach an odd number (e.g., 2 x 473 = 946), divide by small\nprime numbers besides 2 until you find one that divides evenly with no\nremainder. In this case, 11 x 43 = 473. Continue the process until you reach\n1.\n\n#### References\n\n * Minnesota State University Moorhead: Factors, Multiples, and Divisors\n * Lamar State College-Orange: How to Find the Factors of a Number\n\n#### About the Author\n\nClaire is a writer and editor with 18 years' experience. She writes about\nscience and health for a range of digital publications, including Reader's\nDigest, HealthCentral, Vice and Zocdoc.\n\n### Find Your Next Great Science Fair Project! GO\n\n * Science\n\n * Math\n\n * Projects\n\n * News\n\n * About Us\n\n * Accessibility Statement\n\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Copyright Policy\n\n * Contact Us\n\n * Careers\n * Manage Preferences\n\nCopyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved.\n\n⨯\n\nDont Go!\n\nWe Have More Great Sciencing Articles!\n\n## What Is Factoring in Math?\n\n## How to Factor Negative Numbers\n\n## How to Write Polynomial Functions When Given Zeros\n\n## How to Find Factors of a Constant Term\n\n## Definition of Successor and Predecessor in Math\n\n## How to Calculate a Coprime\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://sciencing.com/factor-negative-numbers-8170436.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200806065616/https://sciencing.com/factor-negative-numbers-8170436.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Factor Negative Numbers","passages":["Factors are numbers that -- when multiplied together -- result in another number, which is known as a product. The laws of multiplication state that when a negative number is multiplied by a positive number, the product will be negative. So, if considering a factor pair of a negative product, one of these factors must be negative and the other factor must be positive. Otherwise, factoring negative numbers works in the same way as factoring positive numbers.","The factors of a number entail all of the numbers that can be multiplied by one another to produce that number. For example, the factors of -8 are: 1 and -8, -1 and 8, 2 and -4, and -2 and 4. This is because each of these factor pairs, when multiplied together, produce -8, as follows: 1 x -8 = -8; -1 x 8 = -8; 2 x -4 = -8; and -2 x 4 = -8. Essentially, to factor a negative number, find all of its positive factors, then duplicate them and write a negative sign in front of the duplicates. For instance, the positive factors of -3 are 1 and 3. Duplicating them produces 1, 3, 1, 3; writing a negative sign before the duplicates produces 1, 3, -1, -3, which are all of the factors of -3.","Based in western New York, Amy Harris began writing for Demand Media and Great Lakes Brewing News in 2010. Harris holds a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics from Penn State University; she taught high school math for several years and has also worked in the field of instructional design."]},"parsed_md":"How to Factor Negative Numbers | Sciencing\n\n * # SCIENCE\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Cells\n\n * ### Molecular\n\n * ### Microorganisms\n\n * ### Genetics\n\n * ### Human Body\n\n * ### Ecology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Atomic & Molecular Structure\n\n * ### Bonds\n\n * ### Reactions\n\n * ### Stoichiometry\n\n * ### Solutions\n\n * ### Acids & Bases\n\n * ### Thermodynamics\n\n * ### Organic Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Mechanics\n\n * ### Electronics\n\n * ### Waves\n\n * ### Energy\n\n * ### Fluid\n\n * ### Astronomy\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Minerals & Rocks\n\n * ### Earth Structure\n\n * ### Fossils\n\n * ### Natural Disasters\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Ecosystems\n\n * ### Environment\n\n * ### Insects\n\n * ### Plants & Mushrooms\n\n * ### Animals\n\n * # MATH\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Addition & Subtraction\n\n * ### Multiplication & Division\n\n * ### Decimals\n\n * ### Fractions\n\n * ### Conversions\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Working With Units\n\n * ### Equations & Expressions\n\n * ### Ratios & Proportions\n\n * ### Inequalities\n\n * ### Exponents & Logarithms\n\n * ### Factorization\n\n * ### Functions\n\n * ### Linear Equations\n\n * ### Graphs\n\n * ### Quadratics\n\n * ### Polynomials\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Cartesian\n\n * ### Circles\n\n * ### Solids\n\n * ### Trigonometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Mean/Median/Mode\n\n * ### Independent/Dependent Variables\n\n * ### Deviation\n\n * ### Correlation\n\n * ### Sampling\n\n * ### Distributions\n\n * ### Probability\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * ### Differentiation/Integration\n\n * ### Application\n\n * # PROJECTS\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * # NEWS\n\n * Share\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\n * Home ⋅\n * Math ⋅\n * Algebra ⋅\n * Factorization\n\n# How to Factor Negative Numbers\n\n••• JordiDelgado/iStock/GettyImages\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nRelated\n\n### How to Factor Polynomials With 4 Terms\n\nUpdated March 13, 2018\n\nBy Amy Harris\n\nFactors are numbers that -- when multiplied together -- result in another\nnumber, which is known as a product. The laws of multiplication state that\nwhen a negative number is multiplied by a positive number, the product will be\nnegative. So, if considering a factor pair of a negative product, one of these\nfactors must be negative and the other factor must be positive. Otherwise,\nfactoring negative numbers works in the same way as factoring positive\nnumbers.\n\n## Factors of a Negative Number\n\nThe factors of a number entail all of the numbers that can be multiplied by\none another to produce that number. For example, the factors of -8 are: 1 and\n-8, -1 and 8, 2 and -4, and -2 and 4. This is because each of these factor\npairs, when multiplied together, produce -8, as follows: 1 x -8 = -8; -1 x 8 =\n-8; 2 x -4 = -8; and -2 x 4 = -8. Essentially, to factor a negative number,\nfind all of its positive factors, then duplicate them and write a negative\nsign in front of the duplicates. For instance, the positive factors of -3 are\n1 and 3. Duplicating them produces 1, 3, 1, 3; writing a negative sign before\nthe duplicates produces 1, 3, -1, -3, which are all of the factors of -3.\n\n#### References\n\n * Math Is Fun: All Factors of a Number\n * AAA Math: Multiplication of Two and Three Digit Integers\n\n#### About the Author\n\nBased in western New York, Amy Harris began writing for Demand Media and Great\nLakes Brewing News in 2010. Harris holds a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics\nfrom Penn State University; she taught high school math for several years and\nhas also worked in the field of instructional design.\n\n### Find Your Next Great Science Fair Project! GO\n\n * Science\n\n * Math\n\n * Projects\n\n * News\n\n * About Us\n\n * Accessibility Statement\n\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Copyright Policy\n\n * Contact Us\n\n * Careers\n * Manage Preferences\n\nCopyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved.\n\n⨯\n\nDont Go!\n\nWe Have More Great Sciencing Articles!\n\n## How to Factor Polynomials With 4 Terms\n\n## How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily\n\n## How to Divide Negative Numbers\n\n## Tricks for Factoring Quadratic Equations\n\n## How to Identify a Numerical Coefficient of a Term\n\n## How to Multiply Fractions With Negative Numbers\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200815054429/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Factoring Numbers\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"\\\"Factors\\\" are the numbers you multiply to get another number. For instance, factors of 15 are 3 and 5, because 3×5 = 15. Some numbers have more than one factorization (more than one way of being factored). For instance, 12 can be factored as 1×12, 2×6, or 3×4. A number that can only be factored as 1 times itself is called \\\"prime\\\". The first few primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. The number 1 is not regarded as a prime, and is usually not included in factorizations, because 1 goes into everything. (The number 1 is a bit boring in this context, so it gets ignored.)\",\n \"You most often want to find the \\\"prime factorization\\\" of a number: the list of all the prime-number factors of a given number. The prime factorization does not include 1, but does include every copy of every prime factor. For instance, the prime factorization of 8 is 2×2×2, not just \\\"2\\\". Yes, 2 is the only factor, but you need three copies of it to multiply back to 8, so the prime factorization includes all three copies.\",\n \"On the other hand, the prime factorization includes ONLY the prime factors, not any products of those factors. For instance, even though 2×2 = 4, and even though 4 is a divisor of 8, 4 is NOT in the PRIME factorization of 8. That is because 8 does NOT equal 2×2×2×4! This accidental over-duplication of factors is another reason why the prime factorization is often best: it avoids counting any factor too many times. Suppose that you need to find the prime factorization of 24. Sometimes a student will just list all the divisors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24. Then the student will do something like make the product of all these divisors: 1×2×3×4×6×8×12×24. But this equals 331776, not 24. So it's best to stick to the prime factorization, even if the problem doesn't require it, in order to avoid either omitting a factor or else over- duplicating one.\",\n \"In the case of 24, you can find the prime factorization by taking 24 and dividing it by the smallest prime number that goes into 24: 24 ÷ 2 = 12. (Actually, the \\\"smallest\\\" part is not as important as the \\\"prime\\\" part; the \\\"smallest\\\" part is mostly to make your work easier, because dividing by smaller numbers is simpler.) Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 12: 12 ÷ 2 = 6. Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 6: 6 ÷ 2 = 3. Since 3 is prime, you're done factoring, and the prime factorization is 2×2×2×3.\",\n \"The nice thing about this upside-down division is that, when you're done, the prime factorization is the product of all the numbers around the outside. The factors are circled in red above. By the way, this upside-down division is something that should probably be done on scratch-paper, and not handed in as part of your homework.\",\n \"Some texts prefer that answers such as this be written using exponential notation, in which case the final answer would be written as 2×3×5^2×7.\",\n \"You can do the repeated division \\\"right-side up\\\", too, if you prefer. The process works the same way, but the division is reversed in orientation. The above problem would be worked out like this:\",\n \"By the way, there are some divisibility rules that can help you find the numbers to divide by. There are many divisibility rules, but the simplest to use are these:\",\n \"If the number's digits sum to a number that's divisible by 3, then the number itself is divisible by 3.\",\n \"Of course, if the number is divisible twice by 2, then it's divisible by 4; if it's divisible by 2 and by 3, then it's divisible by 6; and if it's divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9. But since you're finding the prime factorization, you don't really care about these non-prime divisibility rules. There is a rule for divisibility by 7, but it's complicated enough that it's probably easier to just do the division on your calculator and see if it comes out even.\",\n \"If you run out of small primes and you're not done factoring, then keep trying bigger and bigger primes (11, 13, 17, 19, 23, etc) until you find something that works – or until you reach primes whose squares are bigger than what you're dividing into. Why? If your prime doesn't divide in, then the only potential divisors are bigger primes. Since the square of your prime is bigger than the number, then a bigger prime must have as its remainder a smaller number than your prime. The only smaller number left, since all the smaller primes have been eliminated, is 1. So the number left must be prime, and you're done.\",\n \"You can use the Mathway widget below to practice finding the prime factorization. Try the entered exercise, or type in your own exercise. Then click the button to compare your answer to Mathway's.\",\n \"(Clicking on \\\"Tap to view steps\\\" on the widget's answer screen will take you to the Mathway site for a paid upgrade.)\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Factoring Numbers | Purplemath\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n * Home\\n * Lessons\\n\\n * Alphabetically\\n * In Study Order\\n * HW Guidelines\\n * Study Skills Quiz\\n * Find Local Tutors\\n\\n * Demo MathHelp.com\\n * Join MathHelp.com\\n * Login\\n\\n### Select a Course Below\\n\\n * Standardized Test Prep\\n\\n * ACCUPLACER Math\\n * ASVAB Math\\n * CBEST Math\\n * CLEP Math\\n * COMPASS Math\\n * FTCE Math\\n * GED Math\\n * GMAT Math\\n * GRE Math\\n * NES Math\\n * PRAXIS Math\\n * SAT Math\\n * TEAS Math\\n * TSI Math\\n * \\\\+ more tests\\n * K12 Math\\n\\n * 5th Grade Math\\n * 6th Grade Math\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n * College Math\\n\\n * College Pre-Algebra\\n * Introductory Algebra\\n * Intermediate Algebra\\n * College Algebra\\n * Homeschool Math\\n\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n\\n# Factoring Numbers\\n\\n## Purplemath\\n\\n\\\"Factors\\\" are the numbers you multiply to get another number. For instance,\\nfactors of 15 are 3 and 5, because 3×5 = 15. Some numbers have more than one\\nfactorization (more than one way of being factored). For instance, 12 can be\\nfactored as 1×12, 2×6, or 3×4. A number that can only be factored as 1 times\\nitself is called \\\"prime\\\". The first few primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. The\\nnumber 1 is not regarded as a prime, and is usually not included in\\nfactorizations, because 1 goes into everything. (The number 1 is a bit boring\\nin this context, so it gets ignored.)\\n\\nContent Continues Below\\n\\n## MathHelp.com\\n\\nFactoring Numbers: Prime Factorization\\n\\nYou most often want to find the \\\"prime factorization\\\" of a number: the list of\\nall the prime-number factors of a given number. The prime factorization does\\nnot include 1, but does include every copy of every prime factor. For\\ninstance, the prime factorization of 8 is 2×2×2, not just \\\"2\\\". Yes, 2 is the\\nonly factor, but you need three copies of it to multiply back to 8, so the\\nprime factorization includes all three copies.\\n\\nAffiliate\\n\\nOn the other hand, the prime factorization includes ONLY the prime factors,\\nnot any products of those factors. For instance, even though 2×2 = 4, and even\\nthough 4 is a divisor of 8, 4 is NOT in the PRIME factorization of 8. That is\\nbecause 8 does NOT equal 2×2×2×4! This accidental over-duplication of factors\\nis another reason why the prime factorization is often best: it avoids\\ncounting any factor too many times. Suppose that you need to find the prime\\nfactorization of 24. Sometimes a student will just list all the divisors of\\n24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24. Then the student will do something like make\\nthe product of all these divisors: 1×2×3×4×6×8×12×24. But this equals 331776,\\nnot 24. So it's best to stick to the prime factorization, even if the problem\\ndoesn't require it, in order to avoid either omitting a factor or else over-\\nduplicating one.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nIn the case of 24, you can find the prime factorization by taking 24 and\\ndividing it by the smallest prime number that goes into 24: 24 ÷ 2 = 12.\\n(Actually, the \\\"smallest\\\" part is not as important as the \\\"prime\\\" part; the\\n\\\"smallest\\\" part is mostly to make your work easier, because dividing by\\nsmaller numbers is simpler.) Now divide out the smallest number that goes into\\n12: 12 ÷ 2 = 6. Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 6: 6 ÷ 2 =\\n3. Since 3 is prime, you're done factoring, and the prime factorization is\\n2×2×2×3.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAn easy way of keeping track of the factorization is to do upside-down\\ndivision. It looks like this:\\n\\n(The above graphic is animated on the \\\"live\\\" page.)\\n\\nThe nice thing about this upside-down division is that, when you're done, the\\nprime factorization is the product of all the numbers around the outside. The\\nfactors are circled in red above. By the way, this upside-down division is\\nsomething that should probably be done on scratch-paper, and not handed in as\\npart of your homework.\\n\\n * #### Find the prime factorization of 1050.\\n\\nI'll do the upside-down division:\\n\\n(The above graphic is animated on the \\\"live\\\" page.)\\n\\nThen my answer is: 1050 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 7\\n\\nSome texts prefer that answers such as this be written using exponential\\nnotation, in which case the final answer would be written as 2×3×5^2×7.\\n\\nYou can do the repeated division \\\"right-side up\\\", too, if you prefer. The\\nprocess works the same way, but the division is reversed in orientation. The\\nabove problem would be worked out like this:\\n\\n * #### Find the prime factorization of 1092.\\n\\nI'll do the repeated division:\\n\\n1092 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 × 13\\n\\nThis answer might also be written as 2^2×3×7×13.\\n\\nContent Continues Below\\n\\nBy the way, there are some divisibility rules that can help you find the\\nnumbers to divide by. There are many divisibility rules, but the simplest to\\nuse are these:\\n\\nIf the number is even, then it's divisible by 2.\\n\\nIf the number's digits sum to a number that's divisible by 3, then the number\\nitself is divisible by 3.\\n\\nIf the number ends with a 0 or a 5, then it's divisible by 5.\\n\\nOf course, if the number is divisible twice by 2, then it's divisible by 4; if\\nit's divisible by 2 and by 3, then it's divisible by 6; and if it's divisible\\ntwice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's\\ndivisible by 9. But since you're finding the prime factorization, you don't\\nreally care about these non-prime divisibility rules. There is a rule for\\ndivisibility by 7, but it's complicated enough that it's probably easier to\\njust do the division on your calculator and see if it comes out even.\\n\\nAffiliate\\n\\nIf you run out of small primes and you're not done factoring, then keep trying\\nbigger and bigger primes (11, 13, 17, 19, 23, etc) until you find something\\nthat works – or until you reach primes whose squares are bigger than what\\nyou're dividing into. Why? If your prime doesn't divide in, then the only\\npotential divisors are bigger primes. Since the square of your prime is bigger\\nthan the number, then a bigger prime must have as its remainder a smaller\\nnumber than your prime. The only smaller number left, since all the smaller\\nprimes have been eliminated, is 1. So the number left must be prime, and\\nyou're done.\\n\\nYou can use the Mathway widget below to practice finding the prime\\nfactorization. Try the entered exercise, or type in your own exercise. Then\\nclick the button to compare your answer to Mathway's.\\n\\nPlease accept \\\"preferences\\\" cookies in order to enable this widget.\\n\\n(Clicking on \\\"Tap to view steps\\\" on the widget's answer screen will take you\\nto the Mathway site for a paid upgrade.)\\n\\nURL: https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm\\n\\n### Select a Course Below\\n\\n#### Standardized Test Prep\\n\\n * ACCUPLACER Math\\n * ASVAB Math\\n * CBEST Math\\n * CLEP Math\\n * COMPASS Math\\n * FTCE Math\\n * GED Math\\n * GMAT Math\\n * GRE Math\\n * NES Math\\n * PRAXIS Math\\n * SAT Math\\n * TEAS Math\\n * TSI Math\\n * \\\\+ more tests\\n\\n#### K12 Math\\n\\n * 5th Grade Math\\n * 6th Grade Math\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n\\n#### College Math\\n\\n * College Pre-Algebra\\n * Introductory Algebra\\n * Intermediate Algebra\\n * College Algebra\\n\\n#### Homeschool Math\\n\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n\\n### Share This Page\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy\\n * Contact\\n\\n * About Purplemath\\n * About the Author\\n * Tutoring from PM\\n\\n * Advertising\\n * Linking to PM\\n * Site licencing\\n\\n### Visit Our Profiles\\n\\n© 2020 Purplemath. All right reserved. Web Design by\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190120204544/https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Prime Factorization\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The method of prime factorization is used to “break down” or express a given number as a product of prime numbers. More so, if a prime number occurs more than once in the factorization, it is usually expressed as exponential numbers to make it look more compact. Otherwise, we will have a long list of prime numbers being multiplied together. In this lesson, I have prepared eight (8) worked examples to explain the process of factorization using Prime numbers.\",\n \"Let’s get started by defining first what a prime number is. Study both the examples and counterexamples of prime numbers carefully.\",\n \"A prime number p is a whole number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1 and itself. Another way of saying it, a prime number has exactly two factors, namely: 1 and itself.\",\n \"The number 31 is a prime number because it can only be divided by two numbers namely 1 and 31 (itself)\",\n \"The number 10 is not a prime number because it is divisible by 1, 5, and 10 (itself) therefore having more than two factors\",\n \"The number 27 is not a prime number because it is divisible by more than two factors other than 1 and itself that includes 3 and 9\",\n \"The number 49 is not a prime number because it can also be divided by 7 other than 1 and 49 (itself), thus having more than two factors\",\n \"Step 1: List down at least the first few prime numbers in increasing order. I will stop at 19 because this is large enough for the numbers in this tutorial that we will factorize.\",\n \"Step 2: For any given number, test if it is divisible by the smallest prime number which is 2. If the prime number 2 divides the given number evenly, then express it as factors:\",\n \"Step 3: Check again if the other number that comes out is divisible by 2. If it is, keep going until the new number is no longer divisible by 2. Two things can happen here:\",\n \"After repeated division of 2, you end up having a composite number (not prime) but cannot be divided by 2. Move to Step 4.\",\n \"Step 4: Move to the next larger prime numbers such as 3, 5, 7 and so on, as needed to check if the number that we left off in prior step can be divided evenly further. This repetitive process of dividing by prime numbers in increasing order will ultimately give us the last prime factor.\",\n \"Final Step: At this point, we should have a long list of prime numbers that are being multiplied together. We just need to present our final answer as a product of exponential expressions with prime bases. That is it! A quick example may look like this...\",\n \"I begin by listing the first few prime numbers in increasing order. The goal is to keep dividing the given number by an appropriate prime number starting from the lowest until the last quotient becomes prime as well.\",\n \"There are two common ways to perform prime factorization. The first is called the Prime Factor Tree, and the second is known as the Upside-Down Division. With this, I will also show you two ways to prime factorize the number 40.\",\n \"We can divide 40 and its quotient by the prime number 2 three times which means this prime number will have an exponent of 3 in the factorization.\",\n \"I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\",\n \"Notice that we can perform repeated division of prime number 2, until reaching the prime number 5 as its final whole number quotient (most bottom).\",\n \"This is an even number, and thus divisible by prime number 2. So without hesitation, I begin using it as the starting divisor of choice.\",\n \"I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\",\n \"I first recognize that 147 is an odd number, therefore, not divisible by 2. Move on to the next larger prime number, which in case 3.\",\n \"I am not sure if you have encountered the “nice” the divisibility rule for number 3. It states that if the sum of the digits in a number is divisible by 3, then the original number is also divisible by 3.\",\n \"We have 147, the sum of its digits is 147 = 1 + 4 + 7 = 12 which is divisible by 3. This implies that 147 must also be divisible by 3.\",\n \"You don’t have to show every time the prime factorization of a number using the two methods. Just pick the one that is easy or convenient for you. For this exercise, I will utilize the Factor Tree method.\",\n \"Since prime number 2 can’t evenly divide 147, check on the next larger prime which is 3. Yep! This should work.\",\n \"We know that any even number is always divisible by 2. So I would start dividing 540 by prime number 2. Let me use Upside-Down Division to prime factorize this number.\",\n \"The given number 540 is even so 2 can divide it. Here, we perform two successive division using prime number 2 as the divisor.\",\n \"Do repeated division by 3, and you should end up with the last factor of 5 which is a prime number. That’s it! Just collect the distinct primes and assign appropriate powers or exponents to present your final answer.\",\n \"You may also do the prime factorization in its most straightforward way – that is, factor out the number horizontally and down the line. Just make sure that you always start with the lowest prime number, and go to the next larger one as needed to break it down until you end up with the final prime factor. Some textbooks do it this way to save space. It’s nice to add this method to your math “toolbox”.\",\n \"NOTE: I used a slightly different method here. I call it, “Composite stays inside, Prime stays outside“. I am pertaining to the parenthesis in reference to where the composite or prime number stays.\",\n \"The goal is to keep the factored prime numbers outside the parenthesis while forcing the composite numbers to stay inside. In the end, we should have all primes and the parentheses disappear!\",\n \"We use cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Please click OK or Scroll Down to use this site with cookies. Otherwise, check your browser settings. OK!Cookie Policy\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Prime Factorization - ChiliMath\\n\\n * Skip to content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n * Skip to footer\\n\\nChiliMath\\n\\nFree Math Help\\n\\nYou are here: Home\\n\\n/ Lessons\\n\\n/ Introductory Algebra\\n\\n/ Prime Factorization\\n\\n# Prime Factorization using Factor Tree and Upside-Down Division\\n\\nThe method of prime factorization is used to “break down” or express a given\\nnumber as a product of prime numbers. More so, if a prime number occurs more\\nthan once in the factorization, it is usually expressed as exponential numbers\\nto make it look more compact. Otherwise, we will have a long list of prime\\nnumbers being multiplied together. In this lesson, I have prepared eight (8)\\nworked examples to explain the process of factorization using Prime numbers.\\n\\n### Definition of a Prime Number, and Examples and Non-examples of Prime\\nNumbers\\n\\nLet’s get started by defining first what a prime number is. Study both the\\nexamples and counterexamples of prime numbers carefully.\\n\\nWhat is a Prime Number?\\n\\nA prime number p is a whole number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1\\nand itself. Another way of saying it, a prime number has exactly two factors,\\nnamely: 1 and itself.\\n\\nFor more math videos, click \\\"VIDEOS\\\" on the menu above\\n\\nExamples of Prime Numbers:\\n\\n * The number 2 is a prime number because it is divisible only by 1 and 2 (itself)\\n\\n * The number 17 is a prime number because it has exactly two factors which are 1 and 17 (itself)\\n\\n * The number 31 is a prime number because it can only be divided by two numbers namely 1 and 31 (itself)\\n\\nExamples of Numbers that are Not Prime\\n\\n * The number 10 is not a prime number because it is divisible by 1, 5, and 10 (itself) therefore having more than two factors\\n\\n * The number 27 is not a prime number because it is divisible by more than two factors other than 1 and itself that includes 3 and 9\\n\\n * The number 49 is not a prime number because it can also be divided by 7 other than 1 and 49 (itself), thus having more than two factors\\n\\nNow, I will explain the general steps involved in performing prime\\nfactorization of a given positive integer.\\n\\n## How to Perform Prime Factorization\\n\\nStep 1: List down at least the first few prime numbers in increasing order. I\\nwill stop at 19 because this is large enough for the numbers in this tutorial\\nthat we will factorize.\\n\\n2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 ...\\n\\nStep 2: For any given number, test if it is divisible by the smallest prime\\nnumber which is 2. If the prime number 2 divides the given number evenly, then\\nexpress it as factors:\\n\\nStep 3: Check again if the other number that comes out is divisible by 2. If\\nit is, keep going until the new number is no longer divisible by 2. Two things\\ncan happen here:\\n\\n * After repeated division of 2, you end up getting a prime number. Proceed to Final step. You’re almost done!\\n\\n * After repeated division of 2, you end up having a composite number (not prime) but cannot be divided by 2. Move to Step 4.\\n\\nStep 4: Move to the next larger prime numbers such as 3, 5, 7 and so on, as\\nneeded to check if the number that we left off in prior step can be divided\\nevenly further. This repetitive process of dividing by prime numbers in\\nincreasing order will ultimately give us the last prime factor.\\n\\nFinal Step: At this point, we should have a long list of prime numbers that\\nare being multiplied together. We just need to present our final answer as a\\nproduct of exponential expressions with prime bases. That is it! A quick\\nexample may look like this...\\n\\nThe exponent of each prime number tells how many times that prime occurs as\\nfactors.\\n\\n### Examples of How to Perform Prime Factorization using Prime Factor Tree and\\nUpside-Down Division\\n\\nExample 1: Find the prime factorization of 40 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nI begin by listing the first few prime numbers in increasing order. The goal\\nis to keep dividing the given number by an appropriate prime number starting\\nfrom the lowest until the last quotient becomes prime as well.\\n\\nThere are two common ways to perform prime factorization. The first is called\\nthe Prime Factor Tree, and the second is known as the Upside-Down Division.\\nWith this, I will also show you two ways to prime factorize the number 40.\\n\\nPrime Factor Tree\\n\\n * Start by dividing the given number by the smallest prime which is 2.\\n\\n * The factors of the number above are broken down into “branches” as indicated by the line segments.\\n\\n * We can divide 40 and its quotient by the prime number 2 three times which means this prime number will have an exponent of 3 in the factorization.\\n\\n * The last quotient after the repeated division of 2 is a prime number which is 5.\\n\\n * Upon reaching a prime number as its last quotient in the process, this shows that we are done!\\n\\nUpside-Down Division\\n\\n * Now you know why it is called the Upside-Down Division because the division symbol is literally upside-down.\\n\\n * I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\\n\\n * Notice that we can perform repeated division of prime number 2, until reaching the prime number 5 as its final whole number quotient (most bottom).\\n\\n * Present the final factorization as a product of exponential numbers having a prime number base in the exponential notation.\\n\\nExample 2: Find the prime factorization of 32 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nThis is an even number, and thus divisible by prime number 2. So without\\nhesitation, I begin using it as the starting divisor of choice.\\n\\nPrime Factor Tree\\n\\n * Start by dividing the given number by the smallest prime which is 2.\\n\\n * The factors of the number above are broken down into “branches” as indicated by the line segments.\\n\\n * After the repeated division of 2, we also arrive at the final factor of 2. This is done!\\n\\n * Since prime number 2 appears five times as factors, then the final answer will be 32 = {2^5}.\\n\\nUpside-Down Division\\n\\n * I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\\n\\n * This is great! We only used a single prime number to work this out until the end.\\n\\n * Prime number 2 appears five times as factors. Thus our answer is simply 32 = {2^5}.\\n\\nExample 3: Find the prime factorization of 147 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nI first recognize that 147 is an odd number, therefore, not divisible by 2.\\nMove on to the next larger prime number, which in case 3.\\n\\nI am not sure if you have encountered the “nice” the divisibility rule for\\nnumber 3. It states that if the sum of the digits in a number is divisible by\\n3, then the original number is also divisible by 3.\\n\\nWe have 147, the sum of its digits is 147 = 1 + 4 + 7 = 12 which is divisible\\nby 3. This implies that 147 must also be divisible by 3.\\n\\nYou don’t have to show every time the prime factorization of a number using\\nthe two methods. Just pick the one that is easy or convenient for you. For\\nthis exercise, I will utilize the Factor Tree method.\\n\\nPrime Factor Tree\\n\\n * Since prime number 2 can’t evenly divide 147, check on the next larger prime which is 3. Yep! This should work.\\n\\n * After dividing 147 by 3, I get 49 which is obviously a perfect square since 49 = {7^2}\\n\\n * The next logical prime number to use as the divisor is 7.\\n\\nExample 4: Find the prime factorization of 540 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nWe know that any even number is always divisible by 2. So I would start\\ndividing 540 by prime number 2. Let me use Upside-Down Division to prime\\nfactorize this number.\\n\\nUpside-Down Division\\n\\n * The given number 540 is even so 2 can divide it. Here, we perform two successive division using prime number 2 as the divisor.\\n\\n * We arrive at 135 as the partial factor which is divisible by the next larger prime, that is 3!\\n\\n * Do repeated division by 3, and you should end up with the last factor of 5 which is a prime number. That’s it! Just collect the distinct primes and assign appropriate powers or exponents to present your final answer.\\n\\nExample 5: Find the prime factorization of 945 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nYou may also do the prime factorization in its most straightforward way – that\\nis, factor out the number horizontally and down the line. Just make sure that\\nyou always start with the lowest prime number, and go to the next larger one\\nas needed to break it down until you end up with the final prime factor. Some\\ntextbooks do it this way to save space. It’s nice to add this method to your\\nmath “toolbox”.\\n\\nSolution:\\n\\nIt has five prime factors where three (3) of them are distinct, namely: 3, 5\\nand 7.\\n\\nExample 6: Find the prime factorization of 1320 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nSolution:\\n\\nExample 7: Find the prime factorization of 2025 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nHINT: The given number is odd, so prime number 2 cannot divide it evenly.\\nStart with 3.\\n\\nSolution:\\n\\nExample 8: Find the prime factorization of 432 and express it in exponential\\nnotation.\\n\\nNOTE: I used a slightly different method here. I call it, “Composite stays\\ninside, Prime stays outside“. I am pertaining to the parenthesis in reference\\nto where the composite or prime number stays.\\n\\nSolution:\\n\\nThe goal is to keep the factored prime numbers outside the parenthesis while\\nforcing the composite numbers to stay inside. In the end, we should have all\\nprimes and the parentheses disappear!\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n### Popular Lessons\\n\\nDistance Formula Algebraic Expressions Arithmetic Sequence Formula Solving\\nLogarithmic Equations Solving Absolute Value Equations Simplifying Factorials\\nLogarithm Rules Inverse of Logarithmic Function Cramer's Rule with Three\\nVariables Determinant of 3x3 Matrix\\n\\n## Footer\\n\\nAbout Me Sitemap Contact Me\\n\\nCopyright 2011-2018 ChiliMath® is a registered trademark. All Rights Reserved\\n\\nPrivacy Policy Cookie Policy Terms of Service\\n\\nWe use cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Please click OK\\nor Scroll Down to use this site with cookies. Otherwise, check your browser\\nsettings. OK!Cookie Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200310094113/http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Multiples, Factors and Powers\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Multiplication and division of whole numbers throw up many surprising things. This module encourages multiplicative thinking about numbers, and introduces ideas that are essential skills in fractions and algebra.\",\n \"The ideas of this module are presented in purely arithmetical form, and no algebra is used except in some remarks that look forward to later work. The only numbers in the module are whole numbers, apart from the final paragraphs, where fractions are used so that the fifth index law can be presented in a more satisfactory form.\",\n \"Students first meet the distinction between odd numbers and even numbers in early primary school, but it is useful everywhere in mathematics. Even numbers are multiples of 2, and more generally, multiples arise throughout mathematics and everyday life. The mass of a stack of bricks is a multiple of the mass of one brick. The number of pages in a packet of notebooks is a multiple of the number of pages in one notebook.\",\n \"The factors of a number can be displayed using rectangular arrays. Some numbers, such as 30, can arise in many different ways as a product,\",\n \"30 = 1 × 30 = 2 × 15 = 3 × 10 = 5 × 6 = 2 × 3 × 5,\",\n \"whereas a number such as 31 can only be written trivially as the product 31 = 1 × 31. This idea leads to the classification of numbers greater than 1 as either prime or composite, and to a listing of all the factors of a number.\",\n \"There are several groups of well-known divisibility tests that can check whether a number is a factor without actually performing the division. These tests greatly simplify the listing of factors of numbers.\",\n \"Repeated addition leads to multiplication. Repeated multiplication in turn leads to powers, and manipulating powers in turn relies on five index laws. Powers are introduced in this module, together with four of the five index laws.\",\n \"We are used to comparing numbers in terms of their size. The highest common factor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) allow us to compare numbers in terms of their factors and multiples. For example, when we look at 30 and 12, we see that they are both multiples of 6, and that 6 is the greatest factor common to both numbers. We also see that 60 is a multiple of both numbers, and that 60 is the lowest common multiple of them (apart from 0). The HCF and LCM are essential for fractions and later for algebra.\",\n \"The array representing the even number 10 has the dots divided evenly into two equal rows of 5, but the array representing the odd number 11 has an extra odd dot left over.\",\n \"the even and odd numbers alternate, starting with 0, which is an even number because 0 + 0 = 0.\",\n \"When music is written in double time, like the Australian National Anthem, the notes are alternately stressed, unstressed, stressed, unstressed,...\",\n \"Indeed, our concept of the number 2 is so different from our conceptions of all other numbers that we even use different language. We divide a pie between two people, but among three people. We identify two alternatives, but three options. The word ‘doubt’ is related to the Latin ‘duo’, the word ‘two-faced’ means ‘liar’, and the traditional number of the devil is 2.\",\n \"There are several obvious facts about calculations with odd and even numbers that are very useful as an automatic check of calculations. First, addition and subtraction:\",\n \"Proofs by arrays usually convince students more than algebraic proofs. The diagram below illustrates ‘odd plus odd equals even’, and shows how everything depends on the odd dot left over. The other cases are very similar.\",\n \"Proofs by arrays can be used here, but they are unwieldy. Instead, we will use the previous results for adding odd and even numbers. Here are examples of the three cases:\",\n \"6 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 and 5 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4.\",\n \"What can we say about the quotients of odd and even numbers? Assuming in each case that the division has no remainder, complete each sentence below, if possible. Justify your answers by examples.\",\n \"The previous results on the arithmetic of odd and even numbers can be obtained later after pronumerals have been introduced, and expansions of brackets and taking out a common factor dealt with. The important first step is:\",\n \"Obtain the previous results on the addition and multiplication of odd and even numbers by algebra. Begin, ‘Let the even numbers be 2a and 2b, and the odd numbers be 2a + 1 and 2b + 1, where a and b are whole numbers.’\",\n \"In the previous section, we represented even numbers by arrays with two equal rows, and odd numbers by arrays with two rows in which one row has one more dot than the other.\",\n \"Representing numbers by arrays is an excellent way to illustrate some of their properties. For example, the arrays below illustrate significant properties of the numbers 10, 9, 8 and 7.\",\n \"The first array shows that 10 can be factored as 10 = 5 × 2, which means that 10 is an even number.\",\n \"The convention used in these modules is that the first factor represents the number of rows, and the second factor represents the number of columns. The opposite convention, however, would be equally acceptable.\",\n \"The first array shows that 9 is a square because it can be represented as a square array. The corresponding factoring is 9 = 3 × 3.\",\n \"The third array shows that 8 is a cube because it can be represented as a cubic array. The corresponding factoring is 8 = 2 × 2 × 2.\",\n \"The interesting thing about the number 7 is that it only has the trivial array, because 7 dots cannot be arranged in any rectangular array apart from a trivial array.\",\n \"Numbers greater than 1 with only a trivial rectangular array are called prime numbers. All other whole numbers greater than 1 are called composite numbers.\",\n \"We shall discuss prime numbers in a great deal more detail in the later module, Primes and Prime Factorisation. The usual definition of a prime number expresses exactly the same thing in terms of factors:\",\n \"Draw all possible rectangular arrays for the numbers from 1 to 12, including any three dimensional arrays, and identify the corresponding factorings. Which of these numbers are prime, which are composite, which are square, and which are even?\\nb\",\n \"What is the smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic? What are the side lengths of the corresponding arrays?\\ng\",\n \"Why is a manufacturer more likely to pack his goods in packets of 30 than in packets of 29 or 31?\\nclick for screencast\",\n \"Prove that in any square array, the number of dots on the outside of the array is a multiple of 4.\\nb\",\n \"Hence prove that the difference of two even squares is divisible by 4, and that the difference of two odd squares is divisible by 4.\\nreturn to top\",\n \"A triangular number is a number that can be represented as a triangular array, in which each row has one more dot than the row above.\",\n \"In the diagram to the right, two copies of the fourth triangular number have been fitted together to make a rectangle.\",\n \"Explain how to calculate from this diagram that the 4th triangular number is 10. Hence calculate the 100th triangular number.\",\n \"Because 6 is an even number, all its multiples are even. The multiples of an odd number such as 7, however, alternate even, odd, even, odd, even,... because we are adding the odd number 7 at each step.\",\n \"The number zero is a multiple of every number. Because of this, the word ‘multiple’ is sometimes used in the sense of ‘nonzero multiple’, but we will always add the word ‘nonzero’ when 0 is excluded.\",\n \"The multiples of zero are all zero. Every other whole number has infinitely many multiples. This phrase ‘infinitely many’ has a very precise meaning — however many multiples you write down, there is always another multiple that you haven’t written down.\",\n \"We can illustrate the multiples of a number using arrays with three columns and an increasing numbers of rows. Here are the first few multiples of 3:\",\n \"Rows and columns can be exchanged. Thus the multiples of 3 could also be illustrated using arrays with three rows and an increasing numbers of columns.\",\n \"The repeating pattern of common multiples is a great help in understanding division. Here again are the multiples of 6,\",\n \"To divide any other number such as 29 by 6, we first locate 29 between two multiples of 6. Thus we locate 29 between 24 and 30. Because 29 = 24 + 5, we write\",\n \"Notice that the remainder is always a whole number less than 6, because the multiples of 6 step up by 6 each time. Hence with division by 6 there are only 6 possible remainders,\",\n \"This result takes a very simple form when we divide by 2, because the only possible remainders are 0 and 1.\",\n \"In later years, when students have become far more confident with algebra, these remarks about division can be written down very precisely in what is called the division algorithm.\",\n \"Given a whole number n (the dividend) and a nonzero whole number d (the divisor), there are unique whole numbers q (the quotient) and r (the remainder) so that:\",\n \"The table above shows all the whole numbers written out systematically in 7 columns. Suppose that each number in the table is divided by 7 to produced a quotient and a remainder.\",\n \"When 22 and 41 are divided by 6, their remainders are 4 and 5 respectively. Yet when their sum 63 is divided by 6, the remainder is 3, and is not 4 + 5 = 9. Explain.\",\n \"An important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of multiples. Let us write out the first few multiples of 4, and the first few multiples of 6, and compare the two lists.\",\n \"Apart from zero, which is a common multiple of any two numbers, the lowest common multiple of 4 and 6 is 12.\",\n \"A common multiple of two or more nonzero whole numbers is a whole number that a multiple of all of them.\",\n \"The lowest common multiple or LCM of two or more whole numbers is the smallest of their common multiples, apart from zero.\",\n \"Write out the first few common multiples of 12 and of 16. Hence write out the first few common multiples of 12 and 16, and state their lowest common multiple.\\nb\",\n \"The LCM of 4, 6 and 9 is 36.\\nTwo or more nonzero numbers always have a common multiple — just multiply the numbers together. But the product of the numbers is not necessarily their lowest common multiple. For example, in the case above of 4 and 6, one common multiple is 4 × 6 = 24, but their lowest common multiple is 12.\",\n \"Every number is a multiple of 1, so the LCM of 1 and 14 is 14.\\nThe common multiples are the multiples of the LCM\",\n \"You will have noticed that the list of common multiples of 4 and 6 is actually a list of multiples of their LCM 12. Similarly, the list of common multiples of 12 and 16 is a list of the multiples of their LCM 48.\",\n \"This is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. In an exercise at the end of the module, Primes and Prime Factorisation, however, we have indicated how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\",\n \"We say that 6 is a factor of 18 because 18 can be factored as the product 18 = 6 × 3.\",\n \"The number zero is a multiple of every number, so every number is a factor of zero. On the other hand, zero is the only multiple of zero, so zero is a factor of no numbers except zero. These rather odd remarks are better left unsaid, unless students insist. They should certainly not become a distraction from the nonzero whole numbers that we want to discuss.\",\n \"The product of two nonzero whole numbers is always greater than or equal to each factor in the product. Hence the factors of a nonzero number like 12 are all less than or equal to 12. Thus whereas a positive whole number has infinitely many multiples, it has only finitely many factors.\",\n \"The long way to find all the factors of 12 is to test systematically all the whole numbers less than 12 to see whether or not they go into 12 without remainder. The list of factors of 12 is\",\n \"It is very easy to overlook factors by this method, however. A far more efficient way, is to look for pairs of factors whose product is 12. Begin by testing all the whole numbers 1, 2, ... that could be the smaller of a pair of factors with product 12,\",\n \"We stop at 3 because 42 = 16 is greater than 12, so 4 cannot be the smaller of a pair. Now we add, in reverse order, the complementary factor of each pair, that is, 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 ÷ 2 = 6 and 12 ÷ 1 = 12,\",\n \"Another important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of factors. Let us write out the lists of factors of 18 and 30, and compare the lists.\",\n \"A common factor of two or more whole numbers is a whole number that is a factor of all of them.\",\n \"Write out the factors of 30 and of 75. Hence write out the common factors of 30 and 75, and their highest common factor.\\nb\",\n \"The factors of 30 are 1, 30, 2, 15, 3, 10, 5, 6. The factors of 75 are 1, 75, 3, 25, 5, 15. Hence the common factors of 30 and 75 are 1, 3, 5, 15, and their HCF is 15.\\nb\",\n \"The HCF of 82 and 102 is 22.\\nAny collection of whole numbers always has 1 as a common factor. The question is whether the numbers have common factors greater than 1.\",\n \"Every whole number is a factor of 0, so the common factors of 0 and say 12 are just the factors of 12, and the HCF of 0 and 12 is 12. A nonzero whole number has only a finite number of factors, so it has a greatest factor. Two or more numbers always have a HCF because at least one of them is nonzero. These are distractions from the main ideas.\",\n \"What is the HCF of 21 and 10? Find three other pairs of composite numbers with the same HCF.\\nd\",\n \"The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1. Some other pairs of composite numbers with HCF 1 are 4 & 9, 16 & 25, 22 & 35, 14 & 15, 12 & 55.\\nd\",\n \"All the factors of 15 are also factors of 0, so the HCF of 0 and 15 is 15.\\nThe common factors are the factors of the HCF\",\n \"You will have noticed that the list of common factors of 18 and 30 is actually a list of factors of their HCF 6. Similarly, the list of common factors of 30 and 75 is a list of the factors of their HCF 15.\",\n \"Again, this is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. An exercise at the end of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation indicates how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\",\n \"The two relationships below between the HCF and the LCM are again best illustrated by examples in Year 7, but an exercise in the module Primes and Prime Factorisation indicates how they can be proven.\",\n \"The HCF of 28 and 15 is 1, and their LCM is their product 420.\\nThe second relationship is not so obvious, and needs to be brought out by examples.\",\n \"For example, the numbers 4 and 6 have HCF 2 and LCM 12, and 2 × 12 = 4 × 6.\",\n \"The numbers 10 and 15 have HCF 5 and LCM 30, and 10 × 15 = 5 × 30.\\nb\",\n \"The numbers 12 and 9 have HCF 3 and LCM 36, and 12 × 9 = 3 × 36.\\nc\",\n \"The numbers 40 and 10 have HCF 10 and LCM 40, and 10 × 40 = 40 × 10.\\nThe three-part example below indicates how this relationship can be proven from the relationship above, although such a proof would be unsuited for most Year 7 students.\",\n \"Find the HCF and LCM of 12 and 20, and show that LCM × HCF = 12 × 20.\\nb\",\n \"Show that when 12 and 20 are each divided by their HCF, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\\nc\",\n \"Show that when the LCM is divided by 12 and by 20, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\\nreturn to top\",\n \"3 × 3 = 32| (read as ‘3 squared’) 3 × 3 × 3 = 33| (read as ‘3 cubed’) 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34| (read as ‘3 to the power 4’ or as ‘3 to the 4th’) 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 35 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 36\",\n \"The terms ‘3 squared’ for 32 and ‘3 cubed’ for 33 come from geometry. As we saw earlier in the module, we can arrange 32 dots in a square and 33 dots in a cube:\",\n \"What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two squares in two distinct ways?\\nb\",\n \"What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\\nc\",\n \"What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two distinct nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\\nd\",\n \"The number 1729 is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two cubes in two distinct ways. Show how this can be done. (This observation has become famous because of a conversation between the Indian mathematician Ramanujan and the English mathematician Hardy. See Wikipedia for the details.)\\nclick for screencast\",\n \"1 + 3 = 4 1 + 3 + 5 = 9 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 = 36 ...\",\n \"13| = 1| = 12 ---|---|--- 13 + 23| = 9| = 32 13 + 23 + 33| = 36| = 62 13 + 23 + 33 + 43| = 100| = 102 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53| = 225| = 152\",\n \"Place the stack of 13 = 1 blocks on the table, then dismantle the 23 = 8 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 13 = 1 stack to produce a square 3 × 3 array.\\nc\",\n \"Dismantle the 33 = 27 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 3 × 3 array to produce a square 6 × 6 array.\\nd\",\n \"Powers of numbers are used extensively later in the study of logarithms and of combinatorics. It is useful to be able to compute or remember some smaller powers quickly, and recognise them.\",\n \"Computers use a base 2 place-value system, so computer programmers need to know the powers of 2, and must be able to convert numbers quickly to a sum of powers of 2.\",\n \"There are several straightforward tests for divisibility that are very useful when factoring numbers. They all have their origin in the base 10 that we use for our system of numerals.\",\n \"The tests for divisibility by powers of 2 and 5 arise from the fact that 10 = 2 × 5.\",\n \"Because 10 is a multiple of 2, every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 2. Thus to test whether a number is divisible by 2, we only need to look at the last digit.\",\n \"Similarly, 10 is a multiple of 5, so every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 5. Thus to test whether a number is divisible by 5, we only need to look at the last digit.\",\n \"The squares 22 = 4 and 52 = 25 are factors of 100, so every multiple of 100 is a multiple of 4 and of 25. Thus to test for divisibility by 4 and 25, we only need to look at the last two digits.\",\n \"The number 6 945 732 is divisible by 4 (and hence also by 2) because 32 is divisible by 4, but it is not divisible by 8 because 732 is not divisible by 8.\\nb\",\n \"The number 5 671 625 is divisible by 125 (and hence also by 25 and 5) because 625 is divisible by 125, but it is not divisible by 54 = 625 because 1625 is not divisible by 625.\\nDivisibility by 9 and 3\",\n \"The tests for divisibility by 9, and in turn by 3, arise from the fact that 9 is 1 less than 10.\",\n \"1 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 1 ---|--- 10 ÷ 9| = 1 remainder 1 100 ÷ 9| = 11 remainder 1 1000 ÷ 9| = 111 remainder 1\",\n \"4 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 4 ---|--- 50 ÷ 9| = 5 remainder 5 200 ÷ 9| = 22 remainder 2 9000 ÷ 9| = 999 remainder 9; better written as 1000 remainder 0.\",\n \"The remainder when 9254 is divided by 9 is the same as the remainder when 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 is divided by 9. The general result is\",\n \"Adding these results, 9254 and 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 have the same remainder when divided by 3. The general result is\",\n \"167 ÷ 9 = 18 remainder 5| and| 167 ÷ 3 = 55 remainder 2 ---|---|--- (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 5| (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 3 = 4 remainder 2\",\n \"The sum of the digits is 6 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 4 = 24, and 2 + 4 = 6. Hence 62 574 has remainder 6 when divided by 9, and remainder 0 when divided by 3.\",\n \"The sum of the digits is 7 + 1 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 6 + 1 + 8 = 33, and 3 + 3 = 6. Hence 71 325 618 is divisible by 3, but not by 9.\\nb\",\n \"The sum of the digits is 3 + 6 + 8 + 6 + 7 + 9 + 2 + 4 = 45, and 4 + 5 = 9. Hence 36 867 924 is divisible by 3 and by 9.\\nDivisibility by 11\",\n \"The test for divisibility by 11 arises from the fact that 11 is 1 more than 10, but 9 × 11 = 99 is 1 less than 100.\",\n \"When 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 11, the remainder is alternately 1 and 10, but we shall regard the remainder 10 as being remainder −1.\",\n \"1 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 1 ---|--- 10 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 100 ÷ 11| = 9 remainder 1 1000 ÷ 11| = 91 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 10 000 ÷ 11| = 909 remainder 1 100 000 ÷ 11| = 9091 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1\",\n \"4 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 4 ---|--- 20 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −5 500 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 2 3000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −9 90 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 3 800 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −8\",\n \"Adding these results, the remainder when 893 524 is divided by 11 is the same as the remainder when 4 − 2 + 5 − 3 + 9 − 8 = 7 is divided by 9. It was important here to write the alternating sum of the digits starting at the right-hand end with the units. The general result is,\",\n \"When a number is divided by 11, the remainder is the same as the division by 11 of the alternating sum of the digits, starting at the right-hand end with the digits.\",\n \"91 627 ÷ 11 = 8329 remainder 8 and (7 − 2 + 6 − 1 + 9) ÷ 11 = 1 remainder 8.\",\n \"The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 7 + 5 − 2 + 6 = 10. Hence 62 578 has remainder 10 when divided by 11.\\nb\",\n \"The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 6 + 5 − 7 + 3 − 9 = −9. Hence 937 565 has remainder 11 − 9 = 2 when divided by 11.\\nAs with 3 and 9, only the corresponding divisibility test is usually appropriate in Years 7−8:\",\n \"The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 1 + 6 − 5 + 2 − 3 + 1 − 7 = 1. Hence 71 325 618 is not divisible by 11.\\nb\",\n \"The alternating sum of the digits is 1 − 7 + 4 − 8 + 3 − 9 + 1 − 7 = −22. Hence 71 938 471 is divisible by 11.\\nDivisibility by numbers that are not prime powers\",\n \"We can combine the previous tests for divisibility by testing separately for divisibility by the highest power of each prime. Here are examples of some such tests:\",\n \"A number is divisible by 66 = 2 × 3 × 11 if it is divisible by 2, by 3 and by 11.\",\n \"Factoring the three divisors, 6 = 2 × 3, 12 = 4 × 3 and 18 = 2 × 9. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 726 is divisible by 2, but not by 4.\",\n \"The sum of the digits is 15, so 726 is divisible by 3, but not by 9. Hence 726 is divisible by 6, but not by 12 or 18.\",\n \"Factoring the two divisors, 55 = 5 × 11 and 275 = 25 × 11. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 6875 is divisible by 5 and by 25.\\nc\",\n \"The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 7 + 8 − 6 = 0, so 6875 is divisible by 11. Hence 6875 is divisible by 55 and by 275.\\nreturn to top\",\n \"The multiplication table is one of the best-known objects in arithmetic. It is formed by doing nothing more that writing out the first twelve non-zero multiples of each number from 1 to 12 in twelve successive rows. (Or perhaps they were written out in twelve successive columns.)\",\n \"Despite the simplicity of its construction, it is a very powerful object indeed, and well justifies the recommendation to learn it by heart. Here are some of its many properties — students routinely find many more.\",\n \"All products from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12 are contained in the table. The answer to 9 × 7 is 63, which is located at the entry in the 7th row and the 9th column (or the 9th row and the 7th column).\",\n \"The LCM of any two numbers up to 12 can be found from the table. The LCM of 8 and 10 is 40, which is the first common entry in the 8th and 10th rows (or in the 8th and 10th columns).\",\n \"The numbers on the leading diagonal from 1 in the top left to 144 in the bottom right are the squares 1, 4, 9, 16,...\",\n \"The whole table is symmetric about the leading diagonal. This illustrates the fact that multiplication is commutative, meaning, for example, that 7 × 9 = 9 × 7.\",\n \"What is the pattern formed by shading all the even numbers? Every second column and every second row is shaded, leaving isolated odd numbers. We saw above how all multiples of even numbers are even, and that odd and even numbers alternate in the multiples of an odd number.\",\n \"What is the pattern formed by shading all the multiples of 3? This time every third row and every third column is shaded.\",\n \"Students often see many more patterns in this table. The following exercise gives some less obvious properties, but the proofs are omitted, because they require quite serious algebra. Once sequences and series are being studied, perhaps in Year 11, the table is well worth revisiting because of the insights it can give into sequences and into the use of algebra.\",\n \"Now take the opposite diagonal passing through the square 49 from top right to bottom left. What numbers arise when we subtract each from 49? What happens with parallel diagonals through other squares?\\nreturn to top\",\n \"There are five useful laws, collectively called the index laws, that help us manipulate powers. At this stage, they are best established by examples and learnt verbally.\",\n \"After algebra has been introduced, however, they can be presented in their more familiar algebraic formulation. For later reference, they are summarised here verbally and algebraically:\",\n \"If we write out the powers as continued products, we can quickly see what is happening when we multiply powers with the same base.\",\n \"75 × 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7) × (7 × 7 × 7) = 78\",\n \"75 ÷ 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × ) ÷ (7 × 7 × 7) = 72\",\n \"a 32 × 35 = 37 b 57 ÷ 53 = 54 c 109 ÷ 103 = 106 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122 = 1212\",\n \"The examples above have carefully avoided questions like 73 ÷ 75, where the divisor is a higher power than the dividend. Such questions are better written as fractions,\",\n \"The first form can be covered once fractions have been introduced. The second form requires negative indices, which are usually regarded as a little too sophisticated for Years 7−8.\",\n \"We often need to deal with expressions such as (73)4 in which a power is raised to a power. Writing out just the outer power allows us to apply the previous law.\",\n \"(2 × 3)4| = (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) ---|--- = (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) = 24 × 34\",\n \"These steps rely heavily on the any-order property of multiplication to regroup the 4 factors of 2 and the 4 factors of 3.\",\n \"a (3 × 7)4 b (8 × 12)6 c (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3 d (5 × 7 × 9)6 ÷ (55)2\",\n \"a| (3 × 7)4 = 34 × 74| b| (8 × 12)6 = 86 × 126 ---|---|---|--- c| (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3| = 34 × 54 × 33 × 73| d| (5 × 7 × 9)16 ÷ (55)2| = 516 × 716 × 916 ÷ 510 = 37 × 54 × 73| = 56 × 716 × 916\",\n \"The final index law deals with the power of a quotient. It is clumsy to formulate this law using the division sign, so fraction notation for division is used for the only time in this module.\",\n \"‘A power of a product is the product of powers’ is useful in mental arithmetic, both forwards and in reverse. For example,\",\n \"204| = (2 × 10)4| 32 × 125| = 25 × 53 ---|---|---|--- = 24 × 104| = 22 × (2 × 5)3 = 16 × 10 000| and| = 22 × 103 = 160 000| = 4 × 1000 = 4000\",\n \"Because our system of numerals has base 10, isolating powers of 10 is always good practice. In the first example, we factored 20 as 20 = 2 × 10. In the second example, we combined factors of 2 and factors of 5 to make factors of 10.\",\n \"The HCF and LCM are essential for the study of fractions, which are introduced in the module Fractions. To express a fraction in simplest form, we cancel the HCF of the numerator and denominator, and to add and subtract fractions, we usually use the LCM of their denominators as a common denominator,\",\n \"The HCF of two algebraic expressions is important in factoring. The first step in the systematic factoring of an expression is to take out the HCF of the terms:\",\n \"Factoring by taking out the HCF is first considered in the module Algebraic Expressions, and developed further in the module, Negatives and the Index Laws.\",\n \"Prime numbers are the building blocks of all whole numbers when we take them apart by factoring. For example, we can write 60 as a product of primes,\",\n \"Every composite number has one and only one prime factorisation. Prime factorisation is the central concern of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation. This module also shows how prime factorisation yields more systematic approaches to the calculations of the HCF and LCM.\",\n \"The five index laws have been introduced in the present module in the context of whole numbers, although it was mentioned that the fifth law, and a clearer statement of the second law, require fractions. The modules, Negatives and the Index Laws and Special Expansions and Algebraic Fractions extend them to rational numbers and also give them an algebraic formulation, although the indices are still only nonzero whole numbers. The later module The Index Laws extends the indices to any rational number.\",\n \"The presentation in this module has been carried out arithmetically, and entirely within the whole numbers. There have been no algebra or fractions except in the occasional remark and exercise that looks forward to later content. Arrays, rather than areas, have been used to represent products, so that the whole-number aspect of the ideas can be emphasised. It is important in later years, when algebra has been used to generalise the content, not to lose the arithmetic intuition of the present module.\",\n \"All the present material was expounded by the ancient Greek mathematicians. The idea of representing numbers by arrays was developed particularly by Pythagoras and his school, who developed theories about what we now call ‘figurate numbers’. These include the triangular numbers discussed in this module, and pentagonal and tetrahedral numbers.\",\n \"The quotient of an even number and an even number may be even or odd. For example, 12 ÷ 6 = 2 and 12 ÷ 4 = 3.\\nb\",\n \"The quotient of an even number and an odd number is always even. For example, 12 ÷ 3 = 4.\\nc\",\n \"The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is always odd. For example, 35 ÷ 5 = 7.\\nExercise 4\",\n \"2a + 2b| = 2(a + b) ---|--- (2a + 1) + 2b| = 2(a + b) + 1 (2a + 1) + (2b + 1)| = 2(a + b + 1)\",\n \"(2a) × (2b)| = 2 × 2ab ---|--- (2a) × (2b + 1)| = 2 × a(2b + 1) (2a + 1) × (2b + 1)| = 4ab + 2a + 2b + 1 = 2(2ab + a + b) + 1\",\n \"All the numbers have a trivial array. The number 1 and the primes 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 each have only a trivial array. The composite numbers 4, 6, 8, 9 and 12 each have at least one other array. The even numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 are those with a 2-row array. The squares 4 and 9 also have a square array. The numbers 6 and 10 each have only one non-trivial rectangular array. The number 8 has the three-dimensional array and a 2 × 4 array. The number 12 has three two-dimensional arrays because 12 = 1 × 12 = 2 × 6 = 3 × 4, and also has a three-dimensional 2 × 2 × 3 array.\\nb\",\n \"The 15 primes less than 50 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47. The number 2 is the only even prime number.\\nc\",\n \"There are five two-dimensional arrays 36 = 1 × 36 = 2 × 18 = 3 × 12 = 4 × 9 = 6 × 6. There are three three-dimensional arrays 36 = 2 × 2 × 9 = 2 × 3 × 6 = 3 × 3 × 4.\\nd\",\n \"There are four arrays 16 = 1 × 16 = 2 × 8 = 4 × 4 = 2 × 2 × 4. If we had four dimensions at our disposal, we could draw the array corresponding to 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\\ne\",\n \"The smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic is 64 = 8 × 8 = 4 × 4 × 4. If we had use of six dimensions, we could draw the array 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\\ng\",\n \"There are a great many ways to arrange 30 objects in a rectangular pattern or three dimensional block with no wasted space. The numbers 29 and 31 are prime, so except for packing all the items in a row, any packing into a block will have empty spaces.\\nExercise 6\",\n \"The dots in the lower left triangle of the square array are the reflection of the dots in the upper right triangle.\\nb\",\n \"It follows immediately from part a that the difference is even. Alternatively, the square of an even number is even and the square of an odd number is odd, and the difference of two even numbers or two odd numbers is even.\\nExercise 7\",\n \"If each side of the square has, for example 7 dots, then the total numbers of dots is 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 4 × 6.\\nb\",\n \"Take the larger of the two arrays, and keep removing its outer layer until it becomes the smaller array. At each step, the side length of the array goes down by 2, and the number of dots removed is a multiple of 4.\\nExercise 8\",\n \"1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, 136, 153, 171, 190, 210,...\\nc\",\n \"Two odds, then two evens, then two odds, then two evens,... Every time an odd number is added, the sum changes from even to odd or from odd to even. When an even number is added, however, the sum either stays even or stays odd.\\nExercise 9\",\n \"All the numbers except for the last number in the row have the same quotient. For example, the entries in the 5th row have quotient 4 when divided by 7.\\nb\",\n \"The remainders when 22 and 41 are divided by 6 are 4 and 5, whose sum is 9. But 9 = 6 + 3, so the remainder when dividing 63 by 6 is 3.\",\n \"The numbers 12 and 20 have HCF 4 and LCM 60, and 4 × 60 = 12 × 20.\\nb\",\n \"When 12 and 20 are divided by their HCF, which is 4, the resulting numbers are 3 and 5, and the numbers 3 and 5 have HCF 1.\\nc\",\n \"When the LCM, which is 60, is divided by 12 and by 20, the resulting numbers are 5 and 3, and the numbers 5 and 3 have HCF 1.\\n(Notice that the resulting numbers in parts b and c are the same.)\",\n \"201 = 128 + 64 + 8 + 1 = 27 + 26 + 23 + 1, so in base 2 notation, 201 = 11 001 001.\",\n \"Every fourth row and every fourth column is shaded, together with the numbers in the exact centre of the remaining squares.\\nb\",\n \"4 × 6 = 52 − 12, 3 × 7 = 52 − 22, 2 × 8 = 52 − 32, 1 × 9 = 52 − 42\",\n \"a| 30004| = 34 × (103)4 ---|---|--- = 81 × 1012 = 81 000 000 000 000 b| 4 000 0003| = 43 × (106)3 ---|---|--- = 64 × 1018 = 64 000 000 000 000 000 000 c| 625 × 8000| = 54 × 23 × 103 ---|---|--- = 5 × 103 × 103 = 5 000 000 d| 40003 × 503| = (4000 × 50)3 ---|---|--- = 200 0003 = 8 000 000 000 000 000\",\n \"The views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations.\",\n \"© The University of Melbourne on behalf of the International Centre of Excellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM), the education division of the Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI), 2010 (except where otherwise indicated). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Multiples, Factors and Powers\\n\\nThe Improving Mathematics Education in Schools (TIMES) Project\\n\\nreturn to index\\n\\nMultiples, Factors and Powers\\n\\nNumber and Algebra : Module 19Years : 7-8\\n\\nJune 2011\\n\\nPDF Version of module\\n\\n * Assumed Knowledge\\n * Motivation\\n * Content\\n\\n * Odd and even numbers\\n * Representing numbers by arrays\\n * Triangular numbers\\n * Multiples, common multiples and the LCM\\n * Factors, common factors and the HCF\\n * Powers\\n * Test for divisibility\\n * The multiplication table\\n * The index laws\\n * Links Forward\\n * History\\n * Answers to Exercises\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nAssumed knowledge\\n\\n * Experience with the four operations of arithmetic.\\n * Instant recall of the multiplication table up to 12 × 12.\\n * Fractions and multiplication of fractions are required only for the last of the five index laws.\\n * No algebra is assumed in this module.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nMotivation\\n\\nMultiplication and division of whole numbers throw up many surprising things.\\nThis module encourages multiplicative thinking about numbers, and introduces\\nideas that are essential skills in fractions and algebra.\\n\\nThe ideas of this module are presented in purely arithmetical form, and no\\nalgebra is used except in some remarks that look forward to later work. The\\nonly numbers in the module are whole numbers, apart from the final paragraphs,\\nwhere fractions are used so that the fifth index law can be presented in a\\nmore satisfactory form.\\n\\nStudents first meet the distinction between odd numbers and even numbers in\\nearly primary school, but it is useful everywhere in mathematics. Even numbers\\nare multiples of 2, and more generally, multiples arise throughout mathematics\\nand everyday life. The mass of a stack of bricks is a multiple of the mass of\\none brick. The number of pages in a packet of notebooks is a multiple of the\\nnumber of pages in one notebook.\\n\\nThe factors of a number can be displayed using rectangular arrays. Some\\nnumbers, such as 30, can arise in many different ways as a product,\\n\\n30 = 1 × 30 = 2 × 15 = 3 × 10 = 5 × 6 = 2 × 3 × 5,\\n\\nwhereas a number such as 31 can only be written trivially as the product 31 =\\n1 × 31. This idea leads to the classification of numbers greater than 1 as\\neither prime or composite, and to a listing of all the factors of a number.\\n\\nThere are several groups of well-known divisibility tests that can check\\nwhether a number is a factor without actually performing the division. These\\ntests greatly simplify the listing of factors of numbers.\\n\\nRepeated addition leads to multiplication. Repeated multiplication in turn\\nleads to powers, and manipulating powers in turn relies on five index laws.\\nPowers are introduced in this module, together with four of the five index\\nlaws.\\n\\nWe are used to comparing numbers in terms of their size. The highest common\\nfactor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) allow us to compare numbers in\\nterms of their factors and multiples. For example, when we look at 30 and 12,\\nwe see that they are both multiples of 6, and that 6 is the greatest factor\\ncommon to both numbers. We also see that 60 is a multiple of both numbers, and\\nthat 60 is the lowest common multiple of them (apart from 0). The HCF and LCM\\nare essential for fractions and later for algebra.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nContent\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nOdd and even numbers\\n\\nHere is the usual definition of odd and even whole numbers.\\n\\n * A whole number is called even if it is a multiple of 2.\\n * A whole number is called odd if it is not even.\\n\\nThus 10 is even and 11 is odd. We can demonstrate this by writing\\n\\n10 = 5 + 5 and 11 = 5 + 5 + 1,\\n\\nand we can illustrate this using arrays with two rows.\\n\\n10 = 5 + 5\\n\\n|\\n\\n11 = 5 + 5 + 1 \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nThe array representing the even number 10 has the dots divided evenly into two\\nequal rows of 5, but the array representing the odd number 11 has an extra odd\\ndot left over.\\n\\nWhen we write out the whole numbers in order,\\n\\nthe even and odd numbers alternate, starting with 0, which is an even number\\nbecause 0 + 0 = 0.\\n\\nThis pattern occurs in all sorts of common situations:\\n\\n * When we walk, we step left, right, left, right,...\\n * When music is written in double time, like the Australian National Anthem, the notes are alternately stressed, unstressed, stressed, unstressed,...\\n * Our time is alternately divided day, night, day, night,...\\n * The squares on each row or column of a chessboard are alternately black, white, black, white,...\\n\\nIndeed, our concept of the number 2 is so different from our conceptions of\\nall other numbers that we even use different language. We divide a pie between\\ntwo people, but among three people. We identify two alternatives, but three\\noptions. The word ‘doubt’ is related to the Latin ‘duo’, the word ‘two-faced’\\nmeans ‘liar’, and the traditional number of the devil is 2.\\n\\nEXERCISE 1\\n\\nStudents often come up with other possible definitions of even whole numbers:\\n\\n * Zero is even, and after that, odd and even numbers alternate.\\n * An even number can be written as the sum of two equal whole numbers.\\n * An even number has remainder 0 after division by 2.\\n\\nWhat particular property of odd and even numbers does each illustrate?\\n\\nAdding and subtracting odd and even numbers\\n\\nThere are several obvious facts about calculations with odd and even numbers\\nthat are very useful as an automatic check of calculations. First, addition\\nand subtraction:\\n\\n * The sum or difference of two odd numbers, or two even numbers, is even.\\n * The sum or difference of an odd number and an even number is odd.\\n\\nProofs by arrays usually convince students more than algebraic proofs. The\\ndiagram below illustrates ‘odd plus odd equals even’, and shows how everything\\ndepends on the odd dot left over. The other cases are very similar.\\n\\n\\\\+ =\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 2\\n\\nDraw four diagrams to illustrate the four cases of subtraction of odd and even\\nnumbers.\\n\\nMultiplication of odd and even numbers\\n\\nWhen we multiply odd and even numbers,\\n\\n * The product of an even number with any number is even.\\n * The product of two odd numbers is odd.\\n\\nProofs by arrays can be used here, but they are unwieldy. Instead, we will use\\nthe previous results for adding odd and even numbers. Here are examples of the\\nthree cases:\\n\\n6 × 4 = 24, 5 × 4 = 20, 7 × 3 = 21.\\n\\nThe first and second products are even because each can be written as the sum\\nof even numbers:\\n\\n6 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 and 5 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4.\\n\\nThe third product can be written as the sum of pairs of odd numbers, plus an\\nextra odd number:\\n\\n7 × 3 = (3 + 3) + (3 + 3) + (3 + 3) + 3.\\n\\nEach bracket is even, because it is the sum of two odd numbers, so the whole\\nsum is odd.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 3\\n\\nWhat can we say about the quotients of odd and even numbers? Assuming in each\\ncase that the division has no remainder, complete each sentence below, if\\npossible. Justify your answers by examples.\\n\\na\\n\\n The quotient of an even number and an even number is...\\nb\\n\\n The quotient of an even number and an odd number is...\\nc\\n\\n The quotient of an odd number and an even number is...\\nd\\n\\n The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is...\\n\\nUsing algebra for odd and even numbers\\n\\nThe previous results on the arithmetic of odd and even numbers can be obtained\\nlater after pronumerals have been introduced, and expansions of brackets and\\ntaking out a common factor dealt with. The important first step is:\\n\\n * Any even number can be written as 2a, where a is a whole number.\\n * Any odd number can be written as 2a + 1, where a is a whole number.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 4\\n\\nObtain the previous results on the addition and multiplication of odd and even\\nnumbers by algebra. Begin, ‘Let the even numbers be 2a and 2b, and the odd\\nnumbers be 2a + 1 and 2b + 1, where a and b are whole numbers.’\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nRepresenting numbers by arrays\\n\\nIn the previous section, we represented even numbers by arrays with two equal\\nrows, and odd numbers by arrays with two rows in which one row has one more\\ndot than the other.\\n\\nRepresenting numbers by arrays is an excellent way to illustrate some of their\\nproperties. For example, the arrays below illustrate significant properties of\\nthe numbers 10, 9, 8 and 7.\\n\\nThe number 10\\n\\nThere are two rectangular arrays for 10:\\n\\n10 = 2 × 5\\n\\n|\\n\\n10 = 1 × 10 \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nThe first array shows that 10 can be factored as 10 = 5 × 2, which means that\\n10 is an even number.\\n\\nThe second array is trivial − every number can be factored as a product of\\nitself and 1.\\n\\nThe convention used in these modules is that the first factor represents the\\nnumber of rows, and the second factor represents the number of columns. The\\nopposite convention, however, would be equally acceptable.\\n\\nThe number 9\\n\\nThe number 9 also has two rectangular arrays:\\n\\n9 = 3 × 3\\n\\n|\\n\\n9 = 1 × 9 \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nThe first array shows that 9 is a square because it can be represented as a\\nsquare array. The corresponding factoring is 9 = 3 × 3.\\n\\nBecause there is no 2-row array, the number 9 is odd. The second array is the\\ntrivial array.\\n\\nThe number 8\\n\\nThe number 8 has two rectangular arrays and a three-dimensional array:\\n\\n8 = 2 × 4\\n\\n|\\n\\n8 = 1 × 8\\n\\n|\\n\\n8 = 2 × 2 × 2 \\n \\n---|---|--- \\n \\nThe third array shows that 8 is a cube because it can be represented as a\\ncubic array. The corresponding factoring is 8 = 2 × 2 × 2.\\n\\nThe first array shows that 8 is even, and the second array is the trivial\\narray.\\n\\nThe number 7\\n\\nThe interesting thing about the number 7 is that it only has the trivial\\narray, because 7 dots cannot be arranged in any rectangular array apart from a\\ntrivial array.\\n\\n7 = 1 × 7\\n\\nNumbers greater than 1 with only a trivial rectangular array are called prime\\nnumbers. All other whole numbers greater than 1 are called composite numbers.\\n\\nWe shall discuss prime numbers in a great deal more detail in the later\\nmodule, Primes and Prime Factorisation. The usual definition of a prime number\\nexpresses exactly the same thing in terms of factors:\\n\\n * A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are itself and 1.\\n * A composite number is a whole number greater than 1 that is not a prime number.\\n\\nHere are the only possible rectangular arrays for the first four prime\\nnumbers:\\n\\n2\\n\\n|\\n\\n3\\n\\n|\\n\\n5\\n\\n|\\n\\n7 \\n \\n---|---|---|--- \\n \\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nExercise 5\\n\\na\\n\\n Draw all possible rectangular arrays for the numbers from 1 to 12, including any three dimensional arrays, and identify the corresponding factorings. Which of these numbers are prime, which are composite, which are square, and which are even?\\nb\\n\\n List all the prime numbers less than 50. How many of these are even?\\nc\\n\\n Identify all two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays for 36.\\nd\\n\\n Draw all rectangular arrays for 16, including three-dimensional arrays.\\ne\\n\\n If you had four dimensions at your disposal, what array would you draw?\\nf\\n\\n What is the smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic? What are the side lengths of the corresponding arrays?\\ng\\n\\n Why is a manufacturer more likely to pack his goods in packets of 30 than in packets of 29 or 31?\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 6\\n\\na\\n\\n Prove that when the diagonal of a square array is removed, the number of remaining dots is even.\\nb\\n\\n If a number is subtracted from its square, what sort of number remains?\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 7\\n\\na\\n\\n Prove that in any square array, the number of dots on the outside of the array is a multiple of 4.\\nb\\n\\n Hence prove that the difference of two even squares is divisible by 4, and that the difference of two odd squares is divisible by 4.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nTriangular numbers\\n\\nRectangular arrays are not the only way that numbers can usefully be\\nrepresented by patterns of dots.\\n\\n * A triangular number is a number that can be represented as a triangular array, in which each row has one more dot than the row above.\\n\\n1\\n\\n|\\n\\n1 + 2 = 3\\n\\n|\\n\\n1 + 2 + 3 = 6\\n\\n|\\n\\n1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10\\n\\n|\\n\\n1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15 \\n \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nThus the first few triangular numbers are: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21,...\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 8\\n\\na\\n\\n Explain the pattern of differences between successive triangular numbers.\\nb\\n\\n Hence write down the first 20 triangular numbers.\\nc\\n\\n Identify and explain the pattern of odd and even numbers in this sequence.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 9\\n\\nIn the diagram to the right, two copies of the fourth triangular number have\\nbeen fitted together to make a rectangle.\\n\\nExplain how to calculate from this diagram that the 4th triangular number is\\n10. Hence calculate the 100th triangular number.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nMultiples, common multiples and the LCM\\n\\n * A multiple of a number such as 6 is a product of 6 and any whole number.\\n\\nWe can arrange the multiples of 6 in increasing order,\\n\\n0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96,...\\n\\nso that they form a simple pattern increasing by 6 at each step.\\n\\nBecause 6 is an even number, all its multiples are even. The multiples of an\\nodd number such as 7, however, alternate even, odd, even, odd, even,...\\nbecause we are adding the odd number 7 at each step.\\n\\nThe number zero is a multiple of every number. Because of this, the word\\n‘multiple’ is sometimes used in the sense of ‘nonzero multiple’, but we will\\nalways add the word ‘nonzero’ when 0 is excluded.\\n\\nThe multiples of zero are all zero. Every other whole number has infinitely\\nmany multiples. This phrase ‘infinitely many’ has a very precise meaning —\\nhowever many multiples you write down, there is always another multiple that\\nyou haven’t written down.\\n\\nWe can illustrate the multiples of a number using arrays with three columns\\nand an increasing numbers of rows. Here are the first few multiples of 3:\\n\\n0\\n\\n|\\n\\n3\\n\\n|\\n\\n6\\n\\n|\\n\\n9\\n\\n|\\n\\n12\\n\\n|\\n\\n15\\n\\n|\\n\\n18 \\n \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nRows and columns can be exchanged. Thus the multiples of 3 could also be\\nillustrated using arrays with three rows and an increasing numbers of columns.\\n\\nDivision\\n\\nThe repeating pattern of common multiples is a great help in understanding\\ndivision. Here again are the multiples of 6,\\n\\n0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96,...\\n\\nIf we divide any of these multiples by 6, we get a quotient with remainder\\nzero. For example,\\n\\n24 ÷ 6 = 4 and 30 ÷ 6 = 5.\\n\\nTo divide any other number such as 29 by 6, we first locate 29 between two\\nmultiples of 6. Thus we locate 29 between 24 and 30. Because 29 = 24 + 5, we\\nwrite\\n\\n29 ÷ 6 = 4 remainder 5 or alternatively 29 = 6 × 4 + 5.\\n\\nNotice that the remainder is always a whole number less than 6, because the\\nmultiples of 6 step up by 6 each time. Hence with division by 6 there are only\\n6 possible remainders,\\n\\n0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.\\n\\nThis result takes a very simple form when we divide by 2, because the only\\npossible remainders are 0 and 1.\\n\\n * An even number has remainder 0 after division by 2.\\n * An odd number has remainder 1 after division by 2.\\n\\nIn later years, when students have become far more confident with algebra,\\nthese remarks about division can be written down very precisely in what is\\ncalled the division algorithm.\\n\\n * Given a whole number n (the dividend) and a nonzero whole number d (the divisor), there are unique whole numbers q (the quotient) and r (the remainder) so that:\\n\\nn = dq + r and 0 £ r < d.\\n\\nFor example, we saw that 29 ÷ 6 = 4 remainder 5 means that\\n\\n29 = 6 × 4 + 5 and 0 £ 5 < 6.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 10\\n\\nThe table above shows all the whole numbers written out systematically in 7\\ncolumns. Suppose that each number in the table is divided by 7 to produced a\\nquotient and a remainder.\\n\\na\\n\\n What is the same about the results of the division in each row?\\nb\\n\\n What is the same about the results of the division in each column?\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 11\\n\\nWhen 22 and 41 are divided by 6, their remainders are 4 and 5 respectively.\\nYet when their sum 63 is divided by 6, the remainder is 3, and is not 4 + 5 =\\n9. Explain.\\n\\nCommon multiples and the LCM\\n\\nAn important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of\\nmultiples. Let us write out the first few multiples of 4, and the first few\\nmultiples of 6, and compare the two lists.\\n\\nThe numbers that occur on both lists have been circled, and are called common\\nmultiples.\\n\\nThe common multiples of 6 and 8 are 0, 12, 24, 36, 48,...\\n\\nApart from zero, which is a common multiple of any two numbers, the lowest\\ncommon multiple of 4 and 6 is 12.\\n\\nThese same procedures can be done with any set of two or more non-zero whole\\nnumbers.\\n\\n * A common multiple of two or more nonzero whole numbers is a whole number that a multiple of all of them.\\n * The lowest common multiple or LCM of two or more whole numbers is the smallest of their common multiples, apart from zero.\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\na\\n\\n Write out the first few common multiples of 12 and of 16. Hence write out the first few common multiples of 12 and 16, and state their lowest common multiple.\\nb\\n\\n Write out the first few multiples of 24. Hence write down the LCM of 12, 16 and 24?\\nc\\n\\n What is the LCM of 12 and 15?\\nd\\n\\n What is the LCM of 4, 6 and 9?\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n \\n\\nThe multiples of 12 are 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144,...\\n\\nThe multiples of 16 are 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160,...\\n\\nHence the common multiples of 12 and 16 are 48, 96, 144,... and their LCM is\\n48.\\n\\nb\\n\\n The multiples of 24 are 0, 24, 48,... Hence the LCM of 12, 16 and 24 is 48.\\nc\\n\\n The LCM of 12 and 15 is 60.\\nd\\n\\n The LCM of 4, 6 and 9 is 36.\\n\\nTwo or more nonzero numbers always have a common multiple — just multiply the\\nnumbers together. But the product of the numbers is not necessarily their\\nlowest common multiple. For example, in the case above of 4 and 6, one common\\nmultiple is 4 × 6 = 24, but their lowest common multiple is 12.\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\na\\n\\n What is the LCM of 9 and 10?\\nb\\n\\n What is the LCM of the first five primes?\\nc\\n\\n What is the LCM of 6 and 24? What is the general situation illustrated here?\\nd\\n\\n What is the LCM of 1 and 14? What is the general situation illustrated here?\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The LCM of 9 and 10 is their product 90.\\nb\\n\\n The LCM of 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 is their product, which is 2310.\\nc\\n\\n Because 24 is a multiple of 6, the LCM of 6 and 24 is 24.\\nd\\n\\n Every number is a multiple of 1, so the LCM of 1 and 14 is 14.\\n\\nThe common multiples are the multiples of the LCM\\n\\nYou will have noticed that the list of common multiples of 4 and 6 is actually\\na list of multiples of their LCM 12. Similarly, the list of common multiples\\nof 12 and 16 is a list of the multiples of their LCM 48.\\n\\nThis is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. In\\nan exercise at the end of the module, Primes and Prime Factorisation, however,\\nwe have indicated how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\\n\\nWe will have more to say about the LCM once the HCF has been introduced.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nFactors, common factors and the HCF\\n\\n * We say that 6 is a factor of 18 because 18 can be factored as the product 18 = 6 × 3.\\n\\nThis can be restated in terms of the multiples of the previous section:\\n\\n * The statement that ‘6 is a factor of 18’ means that ‘18 is a multiple of 6.’\\n\\nThe number zero is a multiple of every number, so every number is a factor of\\nzero. On the other hand, zero is the only multiple of zero, so zero is a\\nfactor of no numbers except zero. These rather odd remarks are better left\\nunsaid, unless students insist. They should certainly not become a distraction\\nfrom the nonzero whole numbers that we want to discuss.\\n\\nThe product of two nonzero whole numbers is always greater than or equal to\\neach factor in the product. Hence the factors of a nonzero number like 12 are\\nall less than or equal to 12. Thus whereas a positive whole number has\\ninfinitely many multiples, it has only finitely many factors.\\n\\nThe long way to find all the factors of 12 is to test systematically all the\\nwhole numbers less than 12 to see whether or not they go into 12 without\\nremainder. The list of factors of 12 is\\n\\n1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.\\n\\nIt is very easy to overlook factors by this method, however. A far more\\nefficient way, is to look for pairs of factors whose product is 12. Begin by\\ntesting all the whole numbers 1, 2, ... that could be the smaller of a pair of\\nfactors with product 12,\\n\\n1, 2, 3,...\\n\\nWe stop at 3 because 42 = 16 is greater than 12, so 4 cannot be the smaller of\\na pair. Now we add, in reverse order, the complementary factor of each pair,\\nthat is, 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 ÷ 2 = 6 and 12 ÷ 1 = 12,\\n\\nWe can display these pairs of factors by writing the 12 dots in all possible\\nrectangular arrays:\\n\\n1 × 12\\n\\n|\\n\\n2 × 6\\n\\n|\\n\\n3 × 4 \\n \\n---|---|--- \\n \\nFor a larger number such as 60, the method recommended here has the following\\nsteps:\\n\\n * Test whether each whole number 1, 2, 3,... is a factor of 60.\\n * Continue testing up to 7, because 82 = 64 is greater than 60.\\n * Then write down each complementary factor in reverse order.\\n\\nThus the factors of 60 are\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 12\\n\\nUse this method to write down all the factors of 72 and 160.\\n\\nCommon factors and the HCF\\n\\nAnother important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of\\nfactors. Let us write out the lists of factors of 18 and 30, and compare the\\nlists.\\n\\nThe numbers that occur on both lists have been circled, and are called the\\ncommon factors.\\n\\nThe common factors of 18 and 30 are 1, 2, 3 and 6.\\n\\nThe highest common factor is 6.\\n\\nAs with common multiples, these procedures can be done with any list of two or\\nmore whole numbers.\\n\\n * A common factor of two or more whole numbers is a whole number that is a factor of all of them.\\n * The highest common factor or HCF of two or more whole numbers is the largest of these common factors.\\n\\nThe HCF is also known as the ‘greatest common divisor’, with corresponding\\ninitials GCD.\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\na\\n\\n Write out the factors of 30 and of 75. Hence write out the common factors of 30 and 75, and their highest common factor.\\nb\\n\\n Write out the factors of 45. Hence write down the HCF of 30, 75 and 45.\\nc\\n\\n What is the HCF of 60, 80, 90 and 100?\\nd\\n\\n What is the HCF of 82 and 102?\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The factors of 30 are 1, 30, 2, 15, 3, 10, 5, 6. The factors of 75 are 1, 75, 3, 25, 5, 15. Hence the common factors of 30 and 75 are 1, 3, 5, 15, and their HCF is 15.\\nb\\n\\n The factors of 45 are 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45.\\nc\\n\\n Hence the HCF of 30, 75 and 45 is 15.\\nd\\n\\n The HCF of 60, 80, 90 and 100 is 10.\\ne\\n\\n The HCF of 82 and 102 is 22.\\n\\nAny collection of whole numbers always has 1 as a common factor. The question\\nis whether the numbers have common factors greater than 1.\\n\\nEvery whole number is a factor of 0, so the common factors of 0 and say 12 are\\njust the factors of 12, and the HCF of 0 and 12 is 12. A nonzero whole number\\nhas only a finite number of factors, so it has a greatest factor. Two or more\\nnumbers always have a HCF because at least one of them is nonzero. These are\\ndistractions from the main ideas.\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\na\\n\\n What is the HCF of 6 and 24? What is the general situation illustrated here?\\nb\\n\\n What is the HCF of 1 and 14? What is the general situation illustrated here?\\nc\\n\\n What is the HCF of 21 and 10? Find three other pairs of composite numbers with the same HCF.\\nd\\n\\n What is the HCF of 0 and 15?\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n Because 6 is a factor of 24, the HCF of 6 and 24 is 6.\\nb\\n\\n The only factor of 1 is 1, so the HCF of 1 and 14 is 1.\\nc\\n\\n The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1. Some other pairs of composite numbers with HCF 1 are 4 & 9, 16 & 25, 22 & 35, 14 & 15, 12 & 55.\\nd\\n\\n All the factors of 15 are also factors of 0, so the HCF of 0 and 15 is 15.\\n\\nThe common factors are the factors of the HCF\\n\\nYou will have noticed that the list of common factors of 18 and 30 is actually\\na list of factors of their HCF 6. Similarly, the list of common factors of 30\\nand 75 is a list of the factors of their HCF 15.\\n\\nAgain, this is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by\\nexamples. An exercise at the end of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation\\nindicates how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\\n\\nTwo relationships between the HCF and LCM\\n\\nThe two relationships below between the HCF and the LCM are again best\\nillustrated by examples in Year 7, but an exercise in the module Primes and\\nPrime Factorisation indicates how they can be proven.\\n\\nThe first relationship is extremely useful, and is used routinely when working\\nwith common denominators of fractions.\\n\\n * If the HCF of two numbers is 1, then their LCM is their product.\\n\\nThe converse is also true, although it does not arise so often.\\n\\nFor example,\\n\\nThe numbers 4 and 9 have HCF 1, and their LCM is their product 36.\\n\\nThe numbers 6 and 7 have HCF 1 and their LCM is their product 42.\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\na\\n\\n Find the HCF and LCM of 21 and 10.\\nb\\n\\n Find the HCF and LCM of 14 and 15.\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1, and their LCM is their product 210.\\nb\\n\\n The HCF of 28 and 15 is 1, and their LCM is their product 420.\\n\\nThe second relationship is not so obvious, and needs to be brought out by\\nexamples.\\n\\n * The product of the HCF and LCM of two nonzero whole numbers is the product of the numbers.\\n\\nFor example, the numbers 4 and 6 have HCF 2 and LCM 12, and 2 × 12 = 4 × 6.\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\nConfirm this relationship for:\\n\\na10 and 15 b 12 and 9 c 40 and 10\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The numbers 10 and 15 have HCF 5 and LCM 30, and 10 × 15 = 5 × 30.\\nb\\n\\n The numbers 12 and 9 have HCF 3 and LCM 36, and 12 × 9 = 3 × 36.\\nc\\n\\n The numbers 40 and 10 have HCF 10 and LCM 40, and 10 × 40 = 40 × 10.\\n\\nThe three-part example below indicates how this relationship can be proven\\nfrom the relationship above, although such a proof would be unsuited for most\\nYear 7 students.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nEXERCISE 13\\n\\na\\n\\n Find the HCF and LCM of 12 and 20, and show that LCM × HCF = 12 × 20.\\nb\\n\\n Show that when 12 and 20 are each divided by their HCF, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\\nc\\n\\n Show that when the LCM is divided by 12 and by 20, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nPowers\\n\\nWhen we multiply a number by itself, we usually use a more concise notation,\\n\\n3 = 31 \\n--- \\n3 × 3 = 32| (read as ‘3 squared’) \\n3 × 3 × 3 = 33| (read as ‘3 cubed’) \\n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34| (read as ‘3 to the power 4’ or as ‘3 to the 4th’) \\n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 35 \\n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 36 \\n \\n * The expression 35 is called a power of 3.\\n * The raised 5 in 35 is called the index of the power.\\n * The number 3 in 35 is called the base of the power.\\n\\nThe terms ‘3 squared’ for 32 and ‘3 cubed’ for 33 come from geometry. As we\\nsaw earlier in the module, we can arrange 32 dots in a square and 33 dots in a\\ncube:\\n\\n32| 33 \\n---|--- \\n \\n * The numbers 02 = 0, 12 = 1, 22 = 4, 32 = 9... are called squares.\\n * The numbers 03 = 0, 13 = 1, 23 = 8, 33 = 27... are called cubes.\\n\\nAs mentioned before, there is no straightforward geometrical representation of\\nhigher powers.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nExercise 14\\n\\na\\n\\n Write down the first 16 squares, starting from 02 = 0.\\nb\\n\\n Write down the first 13 cubes, starting from 03 = 0.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nExercise 15\\n\\na\\n\\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two squares in two distinct ways?\\nb\\n\\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\\nc\\n\\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two distinct nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\\nd\\n\\n The number 1729 is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two cubes in two distinct ways. Show how this can be done. (This observation has become famous because of a conversation between the Indian mathematician Ramanujan and the English mathematician Hardy. See Wikipedia for the details.)\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nExercise 16\\n\\nAdding successive odd numbers gives successive squares:\\n\\n1 = 1 \\n--- \\n1 + 3 = 4 \\n1 + 3 + 5 = 9 \\n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 \\n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25 \\n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 = 36 \\n... \\n \\nDissect a square array of 25 dots to show why this is happening.\\n\\nExercise 17\\n\\n[A rather difficult challenge activity] Adding successive cubes gives the\\nsquares of the triangular numbers:\\n\\n13| = 1| = 12 \\n---|---|--- \\n13 + 23| = 9| = 32 \\n13 + 23 + 33| = 36| = 62 \\n13 + 23 + 33 + 43| = 100| = 102 \\n13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53| = 225| = 152 \\n \\na\\n\\n Gather a large number of small blocks, and build cubic stacks of 13 blocks, 23 blocks, 33 blocks,...\\nb\\n\\n Place the stack of 13 = 1 blocks on the table, then dismantle the 23 = 8 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 13 = 1 stack to produce a square 3 × 3 array.\\nc\\n\\n Dismantle the 33 = 27 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 3 × 3 array to produce a square 6 × 6 array.\\nd\\n\\n Explain how the pattern continues to work.\\n\\nSuccessive powers of a number\\n\\nPowers of numbers are used extensively later in the study of logarithms and of\\ncombinatorics. It is useful to be able to compute or remember some smaller\\npowers quickly, and recognise them.\\n\\nThe powers of 2 are: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096,\\n8192,...\\n\\nThe powers of 3 are: 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729,...\\n\\nThe powers of 4 are every second power of 2.\\n\\nThe powers of 5 are: 5, 25, 125, 625, 3125,...\\n\\nThe powers of 6 are: 6, 36, 216,...\\n\\nThe powers of 7 are: 7, 49, 343,...\\n\\nThe powers of 8 are every third power of 2.\\n\\nThe powers of 9 are every second power of 3.\\n\\nThe powers of 10 are: 10, 100, 1000, 10 000, 100 000, 1 000 000,...\\n\\nThe powers of 16 are every fourth power of 2.\\n\\nOur base 10 place-value system displays every number as a sum of multiples of\\npowers of 10.\\n\\nComputers use a base 2 place-value system, so computer programmers need to\\nknow the powers of 2, and must be able to convert numbers quickly to a sum of\\npowers of 2.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nExercise 18\\n\\nWrite 201 as a sum of powers of 2. Hence write 201 in base 2 notation.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nTest for divisibility\\n\\nThere are several straightforward tests for divisibility that are very useful\\nwhen factoring numbers. They all have their origin in the base 10 that we use\\nfor our system of numerals.\\n\\nDivisibility by powers of 2 and powers of 5\\n\\nThe tests for divisibility by powers of 2 and 5 arise from the fact that 10 =\\n2 × 5.\\n\\nBecause 10 is a multiple of 2, every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 2. Thus\\nto test whether a number is divisible by 2, we only need to look at the last\\ndigit.\\n\\n * A number is divisible by 2 if its last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.\\n\\nSimilarly, 10 is a multiple of 5, so every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 5.\\nThus to test whether a number is divisible by 5, we only need to look at the\\nlast digit.\\n\\n * A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5.\\n\\nFor example:\\n\\nThe number 864 ends with 4, so it is divisible by 2, but not by 5.\\n\\nThe number 1395 ends with 5, so it is divisible by 5, but not by 2.\\n\\nThe number 74 830 ends with 0, so it is divisible both by 2 and by 5.\\n\\nThe squares 22 = 4 and 52 = 25 are factors of 100, so every multiple of 100 is\\na multiple of 4 and of 25. Thus to test for divisibility by 4 and 25, we only\\nneed to look at the last two digits.\\n\\n * A number is divisible by 4 if the number formed by its last two digits is divisible by 4.\\n * A number is divisible by 25 if the number formed by its last two digits is divisible by 25.\\n\\nSimilarly, 23 = 8 and 53 = 125 are factors of 1000, so\\n\\n * A number is divisible by 8 if the number formed by its last three digits is divisible by 8.\\n * A number is divisible by 125 if the number formed by its last three digits is divisible by 125.\\n\\nThese tests can be continued for higher powers of 2 and 5.\\n\\nExample\\n\\na\\n\\n Test 6 945 732 for divisibility by 2, 4, 8,...\\nb\\n\\n Test 5 671 625 for divisibility by 5, 25, 125,...\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The number 6 945 732 is divisible by 4 (and hence also by 2) because 32 is divisible by 4, but it is not divisible by 8 because 732 is not divisible by 8.\\nb\\n\\n The number 5 671 625 is divisible by 125 (and hence also by 25 and 5) because 625 is divisible by 125, but it is not divisible by 54 = 625 because 1625 is not divisible by 625.\\n\\nDivisibility by 9 and 3\\n\\nThe tests for divisibility by 9, and in turn by 3, arise from the fact that 9\\nis 1 less than 10.\\n\\nWhen 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 9, the remainder is 1. For example,\\n\\n1 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 1 \\n---|--- \\n10 ÷ 9| = 1 remainder 1 \\n100 ÷ 9| = 11 remainder 1 \\n1000 ÷ 9| = 111 remainder 1 \\n \\nMultiplying each by a single digit number less than 9,\\n\\n4 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 4 \\n---|--- \\n50 ÷ 9| = 5 remainder 5 \\n200 ÷ 9| = 22 remainder 2 \\n9000 ÷ 9| = 999 remainder 9; better written as 1000 remainder 0. \\n \\nThe remainder when 9254 is divided by 9 is the same as the remainder when 9 +\\n2 + 5 + 4 = 20 is divided by 9. The general result is\\n\\n * When a number, and the sum of its digits, are both divided by 9, the remainders are the same.\\n\\nBecause 9 is a multiple of 3, the remainders after division by 3 follows a\\nsimilar pattern,\\n\\n4 and 4 have the same remainder after division by 3.\\n\\n50 and 5 have the same remainder after division by 3.\\n\\n200 and 2 have the same remainder after division by 3.\\n\\n9000 and 9 have the same remainder after division by 3.\\n\\nAdding these results, 9254 and 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 have the same remainder when\\ndivided by 3. The general result is\\n\\n * When a number, and the sum of its digits, are both divided 3, the remainders are the same.\\n\\nFor example,\\n\\n167 ÷ 9 = 18 remainder 5| and| 167 ÷ 3 = 55 remainder 2 \\n---|---|--- \\n(1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 5| (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 3 = 4 remainder 2 \\n \\nExample\\n\\nFind the remainders when 62 574 is divided by 9 and by 3.\\n\\nSolution\\n\\nThe sum of the digits is 6 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 4 = 24, and 2 + 4 = 6. Hence 62 574\\nhas remainder 6 when divided by 9, and remainder 0 when divided by 3.\\n\\nWith most students in Years 7−8, however, only the corresponding divisibility\\ntests are appropriate:\\n\\n * A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.\\n * A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.\\n\\nExample\\n\\nTest for divisibility by 3 and by 9:\\n\\na 71 325 618 b 36 867 924\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The sum of the digits is 7 + 1 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 6 + 1 + 8 = 33, and 3 + 3 = 6. Hence 71 325 618 is divisible by 3, but not by 9.\\nb\\n\\n The sum of the digits is 3 + 6 + 8 + 6 + 7 + 9 + 2 + 4 = 45, and 4 + 5 = 9. Hence 36 867 924 is divisible by 3 and by 9.\\n\\nDivisibility by 11\\n\\nThe test for divisibility by 11 arises from the fact that 11 is 1 more than\\n10, but 9 × 11 = 99 is 1 less than 100.\\n\\nWhen 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 11, the remainder is alternately 1 and\\n10, but we shall regard the remainder 10 as being remainder −1.\\n\\n1 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 1 \\n---|--- \\n10 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \\n100 ÷ 11| = 9 remainder 1 \\n1000 ÷ 11| = 91 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \\n10 000 ÷ 11| = 909 remainder 1 \\n100 000 ÷ 11| = 9091 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \\n \\nMultiplying each result by a single digit number,\\n\\n4 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 4 \\n---|--- \\n20 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −5 \\n500 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 2 \\n3000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −9 \\n90 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 3 \\n800 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −8 \\n \\nAdding these results, the remainder when 893 524 is divided by 11 is the same\\nas the remainder when 4 − 2 + 5 − 3 + 9 − 8 = 7 is divided by 9. It was\\nimportant here to write the alternating sum of the digits starting at the\\nright-hand end with the units. The general result is,\\n\\n * When a number is divided by 11, the remainder is the same as the division by 11 of the alternating sum of the digits, starting at the right-hand end with the digits.\\n\\nFor example,\\n\\n91 627 ÷ 11 = 8329 remainder 8 and (7 − 2 + 6 − 1 + 9) ÷ 11 = 1 remainder 8.\\n\\nExample\\n\\nFind the remainders after division by 11 of:\\n\\na 62 578 b 937 565\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 7 + 5 − 2 + 6 = 10. Hence 62 578 has remainder 10 when divided by 11.\\nb\\n\\n The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 6 + 5 − 7 + 3 − 9 = −9. Hence 937 565 has remainder 11 − 9 = 2 when divided by 11.\\n\\nAs with 3 and 9, only the corresponding divisibility test is usually\\nappropriate in Years 7−8:\\n\\n * A number is divisible by 11 if the alternating sum of its digits is divisible by 11.\\n\\nExample\\n\\nTest for divisibility by 11:\\n\\na 71 325 618 b 71 938 471\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 1 + 6 − 5 + 2 − 3 + 1 − 7 = 1. Hence 71 325 618 is not divisible by 11.\\nb\\n\\n The alternating sum of the digits is 1 − 7 + 4 − 8 + 3 − 9 + 1 − 7 = −22. Hence 71 938 471 is divisible by 11.\\n\\nDivisibility by numbers that are not prime powers\\n\\nWe can combine the previous tests for divisibility by testing separately for\\ndivisibility by the highest power of each prime. Here are examples of some\\nsuch tests:\\n\\n * A number is divisible by 6 = 2 × 3 if it is divisible by 2 and by 3.\\n * A number is divisible by 12 = 4 × 3 if it is divisible by 4 and by 3.\\n * A number is divisible by 15 = 3 × 5 if it is divisible by 3 and by 5.\\n * A number is divisible by 18 = 2 × 9 if it is divisible by 2 and by 9.\\n * A number is divisible by 66 = 2 × 3 × 11 if it is divisible by 2, by 3 and by 11.\\n\\nDivisibility by powers of 10 is particularly simple—just count the number of\\nzeroes.\\n\\nExample\\n\\na\\n\\n Test 726 for divisibility by 6, 12 and 18.\\nb\\n\\n Test 6875 for divisibility by 55 and 275.\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n \\n\\nFactoring the three divisors, 6 = 2 × 3, 12 = 4 × 3 and 18 = 2 × 9. By looking\\nat the last digit and the last two digits, 726 is divisible by 2, but not by\\n4.\\n\\nThe sum of the digits is 15, so 726 is divisible by 3, but not by 9. Hence 726\\nis divisible by 6, but not by 12 or 18.\\n\\nb\\n\\n Factoring the two divisors, 55 = 5 × 11 and 275 = 25 × 11. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 6875 is divisible by 5 and by 25.\\nc\\n\\n The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 7 + 8 − 6 = 0, so 6875 is divisible by 11. Hence 6875 is divisible by 55 and by 275.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nThe multiplication table\\n\\nThe multiplication table is one of the best-known objects in arithmetic. It is\\nformed by doing nothing more that writing out the first twelve non-zero\\nmultiples of each number from 1 to 12 in twelve successive rows. (Or perhaps\\nthey were written out in twelve successive columns.)\\n\\nDespite the simplicity of its construction, it is a very powerful object\\nindeed, and well justifies the recommendation to learn it by heart. Here are\\nsome of its many properties — students routinely find many more.\\n\\n * All products from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12 are contained in the table. The answer to 9 × 7 is 63, which is located at the entry in the 7th row and the 9th column (or the 9th row and the 7th column).\\n * The LCM of any two numbers up to 12 can be found from the table. The LCM of 8 and 10 is 40, which is the first common entry in the 8th and 10th rows (or in the 8th and 10th columns).\\n * The numbers on the leading diagonal from 1 in the top left to 144 in the bottom right are the squares 1, 4, 9, 16,...\\n * The whole table is symmetric about the leading diagonal. This illustrates the fact that multiplication is commutative, meaning, for example, that 7 × 9 = 9 × 7.\\n * What is the pattern formed by shading all the even numbers? Every second column and every second row is shaded, leaving isolated odd numbers. We saw above how all multiples of even numbers are even, and that odd and even numbers alternate in the multiples of an odd number.\\n * What is the pattern formed by shading all the multiples of 3? This time every third row and every third column is shaded.\\n\\nStudents often see many more patterns in this table. The following exercise\\ngives some less obvious properties, but the proofs are omitted, because they\\nrequire quite serious algebra. Once sequences and series are being studied,\\nperhaps in Year 11, the table is well worth revisiting because of the insights\\nit can give into sequences and into the use of algebra.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nExercise 19\\n\\na\\n\\n What pattern is formed by shading the numbers that are multiples of 4?\\nb\\n\\n What pattern is formed by the differences between successive terms on any diagonal parallel to the leading diagonal?\\nc\\n\\n Now take the opposite diagonal passing through the square 49 from top right to bottom left. What numbers arise when we subtract each from 49? What happens with parallel diagonals through other squares?\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nThe index laws\\n\\nThere are five useful laws, collectively called the index laws, that help us\\nmanipulate powers. At this stage, they are best established by examples and\\nlearnt verbally.\\n\\nAfter algebra has been introduced, however, they can be presented in their\\nmore familiar algebraic formulation. For later reference, they are summarised\\nhere verbally and algebraically:\\n\\n * To multiply powers of the same base, add the indices. am × an = am + n\\n * To divide powers of the same base, subtract the indices. am ÷ an = am − n\\n * To raise a power to a power, multiply the indices. (am)n = amn\\n * The power of a product is the product of the powers. (ab)n = anbn\\n * The power of a quotient is the quotient of the powers. n =\\n\\nMultiplying powers with the same base\\n\\nIf we write out the powers as continued products, we can quickly see what is\\nhappening when we multiply powers with the same base.\\n\\n75 × 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7) × (7 × 7 × 7) = 78\\n\\nThere are 5 + 3 = 8 factors of 7 in the product, so the product is 78.\\n\\n * To multiply powers with the same base, add the indices. For example, 75 × 73 = 78\\n\\nDividing powers with the same base\\n\\nWe can use the same approach with dividing powers with the same base.\\n\\n75 ÷ 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × ) ÷ (7 × 7 × 7) = 72\\n\\nThere are 5 − 3 = 2 factors of 7 in the quotient, so the quotient is 72.\\n\\n * To divide powers with the same base, subtract the indices. For example, 75 ÷ 73 = 72\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\nSimplify each expression, leaving the answer as a power.\\n\\na 32 × 35 b 57 ÷ 53 c 109 ÷ 103 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na 32 × 35 = 37 b 57 ÷ 53 = 54 c 109 ÷ 103 = 106 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122 = 1212\\n\\nThe examples above have carefully avoided questions like 73 ÷ 75, where the\\ndivisor is a higher power than the dividend. Such questions are better written\\nas fractions,\\n\\n= or = 7-2\\n\\nThe first form can be covered once fractions have been introduced. The second\\nform requires negative indices, which are usually regarded as a little too\\nsophisticated for Years 7−8.\\n\\nRaising a power to a power\\n\\nWe often need to deal with expressions such as (73)4 in which a power is\\nraised to a power. Writing out just the outer power allows us to apply the\\nprevious law.\\n\\n(73)4| = 73 × 73 × 73 × 73 \\n---|--- \\n= 712 \\n \\nThere are 3 × 4 factors of 7 in the expression, so it simplifies to 712.\\n\\n * To raise a power to a power, multiply the indices. For example,\\n\\n(73)4 = 712\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\nSimplify each expression, leaving the answer as a power:\\n\\na (65)7 b (103)5 c (42)3 × (43)2 d (115)4 ÷ (116)3\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n|\\n\\n(65)7 = 635\\n\\n|\\n\\nb\\n\\n|\\n\\n(103)5 = 1015 \\n \\n---|---|---|--- \\n \\nc\\n\\n|\\n\\n(42)3 × (43)2 = 46 × 46 = 412\\n\\n|\\n\\nd\\n\\n|\\n\\n(115)4 ÷ (116)3 = 1120 ÷ 1118 = 112 \\n \\nThe power of a product\\n\\nThe fourth law deals with a power of a product. Again, we can write out the\\npower.\\n\\n(2 × 3)4| = (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) \\n---|--- \\n= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) \\n= 24 × 34 \\n \\nThese steps rely heavily on the any-order property of multiplication to\\nregroup the 4 factors of 2 and the 4 factors of 3.\\n\\n * The power of a product is the product of the powers. For example,\\n\\n(2 × 3)4 = 24 × 34\\n\\nExample\\n\\nWrite each expression without brackets, leaving the answer in index notation.\\n\\na (3 × 7)4 b (8 × 12)6 c (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3 d (5 × 7 × 9)6 ÷ (55)2\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na| (3 × 7)4 = 34 × 74| b| (8 × 12)6 = 86 × 126 \\n---|---|---|--- \\nc| (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3| = 34 × 54 × 33 × 73| d| (5 × 7 × 9)16 ÷ (55)2| = 516 ×\\n716 × 916 ÷ 510 \\n= 37 × 54 × 73| = 56 × 716 × 916 \\n \\nThe power of a quotient\\n\\nThe final index law deals with the power of a quotient. It is clumsy to\\nformulate this law using the division sign, so fraction notation for division\\nis used for the only time in this module.\\n\\n= × × × \\n--- \\n= \\n \\nThe same process can be done with the power of any fraction, giving the\\ngeneral result,\\n\\n * The power of a quotient is the quotient of the powers. For example,\\n\\n=\\n\\nEXAMPLE\\n\\nSimplify each expression, evaluating the resulting powers:\\n\\na b c d\\n\\nSolution\\n\\na\\n\\n|\\n\\n4 = =\\n\\n|\\n\\nb\\n\\n|\\n\\n= = \\n \\n---|---|---|--- \\n \\nc\\n\\n|\\n\\n= =\\n\\n|\\n\\nd\\n\\n|\\n\\n= = = = 5 \\n \\nThe index laws and mental arithmetic\\n\\n‘A power of a product is the product of powers’ is useful in mental\\narithmetic, both forwards and in reverse. For example,\\n\\n204| = (2 × 10)4| 32 × 125| = 25 × 53 \\n---|---|---|--- \\n= 24 × 104| = 22 × (2 × 5)3 \\n= 16 × 10 000| and| = 22 × 103 \\n= 160 000| = 4 × 1000 \\n= 4000 \\n \\nBecause our system of numerals has base 10, isolating powers of 10 is always\\ngood practice. In the first example, we factored 20 as 20 = 2 × 10. In the\\nsecond example, we combined factors of 2 and factors of 5 to make factors of\\n10.\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nclick for screencast\\n\\nExercise 20\\n\\nShow how to calculate these expressions using the index laws to work with\\npowers of 10.\\n\\na 30004 b 4 000 0003 c 625 × 8000 d 40003 × 503\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nLinks Forward\\n\\nThe HCF and LCM are essential for the study of fractions, which are introduced\\nin the module Fractions. To express a fraction in simplest form, we cancel the\\nHCF of the numerator and denominator, and to add and subtract fractions, we\\nusually use the LCM of their denominators as a common denominator,\\n\\n= and + = + = .\\n\\nThe HCF of two algebraic expressions is important in factoring. The first step\\nin the systematic factoring of an expression is to take out the HCF of the\\nterms:\\n\\n3ax2 − 6a2x = 3ax(x − 2a).\\n\\nFactoring by taking out the HCF is first considered in the module Algebraic\\nExpressions, and developed further in the module, Negatives and the Index\\nLaws.\\n\\nPrime numbers are the building blocks of all whole numbers when we take them\\napart by factoring. For example, we can write 60 as a product of primes,\\n\\n60 = 22 × 3 × 5.\\n\\nEvery composite number has one and only one prime factorisation. Prime\\nfactorisation is the central concern of the module Primes and Prime\\nFactorisation. This module also shows how prime factorisation yields more\\nsystematic approaches to the calculations of the HCF and LCM.\\n\\nThe five index laws have been introduced in the present module in the context\\nof whole numbers, although it was mentioned that the fifth law, and a clearer\\nstatement of the second law, require fractions. The modules, Negatives and the\\nIndex Laws and Special Expansions and Algebraic Fractions extend them to\\nrational numbers and also give them an algebraic formulation, although the\\nindices are still only nonzero whole numbers. The later module The Index Laws\\nextends the indices to any rational number.\\n\\nThe presentation in this module has been carried out arithmetically, and\\nentirely within the whole numbers. There have been no algebra or fractions\\nexcept in the occasional remark and exercise that looks forward to later\\ncontent. Arrays, rather than areas, have been used to represent products, so\\nthat the whole-number aspect of the ideas can be emphasised. It is important\\nin later years, when algebra has been used to generalise the content, not to\\nlose the arithmetic intuition of the present module.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nHistory\\n\\nAll the present material was expounded by the ancient Greek mathematicians.\\nThe idea of representing numbers by arrays was developed particularly by\\nPythagoras and his school, who developed theories about what we now call\\n‘figurate numbers’. These include the triangular numbers discussed in this\\nmodule, and pentagonal and tetrahedral numbers.\\n\\nreturn to top\\n\\nANSWERS TO EXERCISES\\n\\nExercise 2\\n\\nHere is ‘odd minus odd equals even’. The other cases are similar.\\n\\n− =\\n\\nExercise 3\\n\\na\\n\\n The quotient of an even number and an even number may be even or odd. For example, 12 ÷ 6 = 2 and 12 ÷ 4 = 3.\\nb\\n\\n The quotient of an even number and an odd number is always even. For example, 12 ÷ 3 = 4.\\nc\\n\\n (When an odd number is divided by an even number, the remainder is never zero.)\\nd\\n\\n The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is always odd. For example, 35 ÷ 5 = 7.\\n\\nExercise 4\\n\\nFor addition,\\n\\n2a + 2b| = 2(a + b) \\n---|--- \\n(2a + 1) + 2b| = 2(a + b) + 1 \\n(2a + 1) + (2b + 1)| = 2(a + b + 1) \\n \\nFor multiplication,\\n\\n(2a) × (2b)| = 2 × 2ab \\n---|--- \\n(2a) × (2b + 1)| = 2 × a(2b + 1) \\n(2a + 1) × (2b + 1)| = 4ab + 2a + 2b + 1 \\n= 2(2ab + a + b) + 1 \\n \\nExercise 5\\n\\na\\n\\n All the numbers have a trivial array. The number 1 and the primes 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 each have only a trivial array. The composite numbers 4, 6, 8, 9 and 12 each have at least one other array. The even numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 are those with a 2-row array. The squares 4 and 9 also have a square array. The numbers 6 and 10 each have only one non-trivial rectangular array. The number 8 has the three-dimensional array and a 2 × 4 array. The number 12 has three two-dimensional arrays because 12 = 1 × 12 = 2 × 6 = 3 × 4, and also has a three-dimensional 2 × 2 × 3 array.\\nb\\n\\n The 15 primes less than 50 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47. The number 2 is the only even prime number.\\nc\\n\\n There are five two-dimensional arrays 36 = 1 × 36 = 2 × 18 = 3 × 12 = 4 × 9 = 6 × 6. There are three three-dimensional arrays 36 = 2 × 2 × 9 = 2 × 3 × 6 = 3 × 3 × 4.\\nd\\n\\n There are four arrays 16 = 1 × 16 = 2 × 8 = 4 × 4 = 2 × 2 × 4. If we had four dimensions at our disposal, we could draw the array corresponding to 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\\ne\\n\\n Various responses\\nf\\n\\n The smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic is 64 = 8 × 8 = 4 × 4 × 4. If we had use of six dimensions, we could draw the array 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\\ng\\n\\n There are a great many ways to arrange 30 objects in a rectangular pattern or three dimensional block with no wasted space. The numbers 29 and 31 are prime, so except for packing all the items in a row, any packing into a block will have empty spaces.\\n\\nExercise 6\\n\\na\\n\\n The dots in the lower left triangle of the square array are the reflection of the dots in the upper right triangle.\\nb\\n\\n It follows immediately from part a that the difference is even. Alternatively, the square of an even number is even and the square of an odd number is odd, and the difference of two even numbers or two odd numbers is even.\\n\\nExercise 7\\n\\na\\n\\n If each side of the square has, for example 7 dots, then the total numbers of dots is 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 4 × 6.\\nb\\n\\n Take the larger of the two arrays, and keep removing its outer layer until it becomes the smaller array. At each step, the side length of the array goes down by 2, and the number of dots removed is a multiple of 4.\\n\\nExercise 8\\n\\na\\n\\n The difference increases by 1 each time, because each new row has one more dot.\\nb\\n\\n 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, 136, 153, 171, 190, 210,...\\nc\\n\\n Two odds, then two evens, then two odds, then two evens,... Every time an odd number is added, the sum changes from even to odd or from odd to even. When an even number is added, however, the sum either stays even or stays odd.\\n\\nExercise 9\\n\\nThe diagram shows that the 4th triangular number is (4 × 5) ÷ 2 = 10.\\n\\nSimilarly, the 100th triangular number is (100 × 101) ÷ 2 = 5050.\\n\\nExercise 10\\n\\na\\n\\n All the numbers except for the last number in the row have the same quotient. For example, the entries in the 5th row have quotient 4 when divided by 7.\\nb\\n\\n All the numbers in, for example, the 5th column have remainder 5 when divided by 7.\\n\\nExercise 11\\n\\nThe remainders when 22 and 41 are divided by 6 are 4 and 5, whose sum is 9.\\nBut 9 = 6 + 3, so the remainder when dividing 63 by 6 is 3.\\n\\nExercise 12\\n\\nThe factors of 72 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72.\\n\\nThe factors of 160 are 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32 40, 80, 160.\\n\\nExercise 13\\n\\na\\n\\n The numbers 12 and 20 have HCF 4 and LCM 60, and 4 × 60 = 12 × 20.\\nb\\n\\n When 12 and 20 are divided by their HCF, which is 4, the resulting numbers are 3 and 5, and the numbers 3 and 5 have HCF 1.\\nc\\n\\n When the LCM, which is 60, is divided by 12 and by 20, the resulting numbers are 5 and 3, and the numbers 5 and 3 have HCF 1.\\n\\n(Notice that the resulting numbers in parts b and c are the same.)\\n\\nExercise 14\\n\\na\\n\\n 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225,...\\nb\\n\\n 0, 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000, 1331, 1728,...\\n\\nExercise 15\\n\\na\\n\\n 25 = 52 + 02 = 32 + 42.\\nb\\n\\n 50 = 52 + 52 = 72 + 12.\\nc\\n\\n 65 = 82 + 12 = 72 + 42.\\nd\\n\\n 1729 = 123 + 13 = 103 + 93.\\n\\nExercise 16\\n\\nExercise 18\\n\\n201 = 128 + 64 + 8 + 1 = 27 + 26 + 23 + 1, so in base 2 notation, 201 = 11 001\\n001.\\n\\nExercise 19\\n\\na\\n\\n Every fourth row and every fourth column is shaded, together with the numbers in the exact centre of the remaining squares.\\nb\\n\\n The differences along each diagonal parallel to the leading diagonal increase by 2 each time.\\nc\\n\\n \\n\\nThe differences from 49 are:\\n\\n12 when 1 step away, 22 when 2 steps away, 32 when 3 steps away,...\\n\\nThe same pattern of differences occurs along each parallel diagonal through a\\nsquare, for example,\\n\\n4 × 6 = 52 − 12, 3 × 7 = 52 − 22, 2 × 8 = 52 − 32, 1 × 9 = 52 − 42\\n\\nExercise 20\\n\\na| 30004| = 34 × (103)4 \\n---|---|--- \\n= 81 × 1012 \\n= 81 000 000 000 000 \\nb| 4 000 0003| = 43 × (106)3 \\n---|---|--- \\n= 64 × 1018 \\n= 64 000 000 000 000 000 000 \\nc| 625 × 8000| = 54 × 23 × 103 \\n---|---|--- \\n= 5 × 103 × 103 \\n= 5 000 000 \\nd| 40003 × 503| = (4000 × 50)3 \\n---|---|--- \\n= 200 0003 \\n= 8 000 000 000 000 000 \\n \\nThe Improving Mathematics Education in Schools (TIMES) Project 2009-2011 was\\nfunded by the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and\\nWorkplace Relations.\\n\\nThe views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily\\nrepresent the views of the Australian Government Department of Education,\\nEmployment and Workplace Relations.\\n\\n© The University of Melbourne on behalf of the International Centre of\\nExcellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM), the education division of\\nthe Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI), 2010 (except where\\notherwise indicated). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons\\nAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.\\nhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://sciencing.com/factors-number-quickly-easily-5192972.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921190601/https://sciencing.com/factors-number-quickly-easily-5192972.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Finding the factors of a number is an important math skill for basic arithmetic, algebra and calculus. The factors of a number are any numbers that divide into it exactly, including 1 and the number itself. In other words, every number is the product of multiple factors.\",\n \"The quickest way to find the factors of a number is to divide it by the smallest prime number (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no remainder. Continue this process with each number you get, until you reach 1.\",\n \"A number that can only be divided by 1 and itself is called a prime number. Examples of prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13. The number 1 is not considered a prime number because 1 goes into everything.\",\n \"Some divisibility rules can help you find the factors of a number. If a number is even, it's divisible by 2, i.e. 2 is a factor. If a number's digits total a number that's divisible by 3, the number itself is divisible by 3, i.e. 3 is a factor. If a number ends with a 0 or a 5, it's divisible by 5, i.e. 5 is a factor.\",\n \"If a number is divisible twice by 2, it's divisible by 4, i.e. 4 is a factor. If a number is divisible by 2 and by 3, it's divisible by 6, i.e. 6 is a factor. If a number is divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9, i.e. 9 is a factor.\",\n \"Establish the number you want to find the factors of, for example 24. Find two more numbers that multiply to make 24. In this case, 1 x 24 = 2 x 12 = 3 x 8 = 4 x 6 = 24. This means the factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.\",\n \"Factor negative numbers in the same way as positive numbers, but make sure the factors multiply together to produce a negative number. For example, the factors of -30 are -1, 1, -2, 2, -3, 3, -5, 5, -6, 6, -10, 10, -15 and 15.\",\n \"If you have a large number, it's more difficult to do the mental math to find its factors. To make it easier, create a table with two columns and write the number above it. Using the number 3784 as an example, start by dividing it by the smallest prime factor (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no remainder. In this case, 2 x 1892 = 3784. Write the prime factor (2) in the left column and the other number (1892) in the right column.\",\n \"Continue with this process, i.e. 2 x 946 = 1892, adding both numbers to the table. When you reach an odd number (e.g., 2 x 473 = 946), divide by small prime numbers besides 2 until you find one that divides evenly with no remainder. In this case, 11 x 43 = 473. Continue the process until you reach 1.\",\n \"Claire is a writer and editor with 18 years' experience. She writes about science and health for a range of digital publications, including Reader's Digest, HealthCentral, Vice and Zocdoc.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily | Sciencing\\n\\n * # SCIENCE\\n\\n * ### Biology\\n\\n * ### Cells\\n\\n * ### Molecular\\n\\n * ### Microorganisms\\n\\n * ### Genetics\\n\\n * ### Human Body\\n\\n * ### Ecology\\n\\n * ### Chemistry\\n\\n * ### Atomic & Molecular Structure\\n\\n * ### Bonds\\n\\n * ### Reactions\\n\\n * ### Stoichiometry\\n\\n * ### Solutions\\n\\n * ### Acids & Bases\\n\\n * ### Thermodynamics\\n\\n * ### Organic Chemistry\\n\\n * ### Physics\\n\\n * ### Fundamentals\\n\\n * ### Mechanics\\n\\n * ### Electronics\\n\\n * ### Waves\\n\\n * ### Energy\\n\\n * ### Fluid\\n\\n * ### Astronomy\\n\\n * ### Geology\\n\\n * ### Fundamentals\\n\\n * ### Minerals & Rocks\\n\\n * ### Earth Structure\\n\\n * ### Fossils\\n\\n * ### Natural Disasters\\n\\n * ### Nature\\n\\n * ### Ecosystems\\n\\n * ### Environment\\n\\n * ### Insects\\n\\n * ### Plants & Mushrooms\\n\\n * ### Animals\\n\\n * # MATH\\n\\n * ### Arithmetic\\n\\n * ### Addition & Subtraction\\n\\n * ### Multiplication & Division\\n\\n * ### Decimals\\n\\n * ### Fractions\\n\\n * ### Conversions\\n\\n * ### Algebra\\n\\n * ### Working With Units\\n\\n * ### Equations & Expressions\\n\\n * ### Ratios & Proportions\\n\\n * ### Inequalities\\n\\n * ### Exponents & Logarithms\\n\\n * ### Factorization\\n\\n * ### Functions\\n\\n * ### Linear Equations\\n\\n * ### Graphs\\n\\n * ### Quadratics\\n\\n * ### Polynomials\\n\\n * ### Geometry\\n\\n * ### Fundamentals\\n\\n * ### Cartesian\\n\\n * ### Circles\\n\\n * ### Solids\\n\\n * ### Trigonometry\\n\\n * ### Probability & Statistics\\n\\n * ### Mean/Median/Mode\\n\\n * ### Independent/Dependent Variables\\n\\n * ### Deviation\\n\\n * ### Correlation\\n\\n * ### Sampling\\n\\n * ### Distributions\\n\\n * ### Probability\\n\\n * ### Calculus\\n\\n * ### Differentiation/Integration\\n\\n * ### Application\\n\\n * # PROJECTS\\n\\n * ### Biology\\n\\n * ### Chemistry\\n\\n * ### Physics\\n\\n * ### Geology\\n\\n * ### Nature\\n\\n * ### Arithmetic\\n\\n * ### Algebra\\n\\n * ### Geometry\\n\\n * ### Probability & Statistics\\n\\n * ### Calculus\\n\\n * # NEWS\\n\\n * Share\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nPrint\\n\\n * Home ⋅\\n * Math ⋅\\n * Arithmetic ⋅\\n * Multiplication & Division\\n\\n# How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily\\n\\n••• djedzura/iStock/GettyImages\\n\\nShare\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nRelated\\n\\n### What Is Factoring in Math?\\n\\nUpdated May 10, 2018\\n\\nBy Claire Gillespie\\n\\nFinding the factors of a number is an important math skill for basic\\narithmetic, algebra and calculus. The factors of a number are any numbers that\\ndivide into it exactly, including 1 and the number itself. In other words,\\nevery number is the product of multiple factors.\\n\\n#### TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read)\\n\\nThe quickest way to find the factors of a number is to divide it by the\\nsmallest prime number (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no\\nremainder. Continue this process with each number you get, until you reach 1.\\n\\n## Prime Numbers\\n\\nA number that can only be divided by 1 and itself is called a prime number.\\nExamples of prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13. The number 1 is not\\nconsidered a prime number because 1 goes into everything.\\n\\n## Divisibility Rules\\n\\nSome divisibility rules can help you find the factors of a number. If a number\\nis even, it's divisible by 2, i.e. 2 is a factor. If a number's digits total a\\nnumber that's divisible by 3, the number itself is divisible by 3, i.e. 3 is a\\nfactor. If a number ends with a 0 or a 5, it's divisible by 5, i.e. 5 is a\\nfactor.\\n\\nIf a number is divisible twice by 2, it's divisible by 4, i.e. 4 is a factor.\\nIf a number is divisible by 2 and by 3, it's divisible by 6, i.e. 6 is a\\nfactor. If a number is divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is\\ndivisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9, i.e. 9 is a factor.\\n\\n## Finding Factors Quickly\\n\\nEstablish the number you want to find the factors of, for example 24. Find two\\nmore numbers that multiply to make 24. In this case, 1 x 24 = 2 x 12 = 3 x 8 =\\n4 x 6 = 24. This means the factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.\\n\\nFactor negative numbers in the same way as positive numbers, but make sure the\\nfactors multiply together to produce a negative number. For example, the\\nfactors of -30 are -1, 1, -2, 2, -3, 3, -5, 5, -6, 6, -10, 10, -15 and 15.\\n\\nIf you have a large number, it's more difficult to do the mental math to find\\nits factors. To make it easier, create a table with two columns and write the\\nnumber above it. Using the number 3784 as an example, start by dividing it by\\nthe smallest prime factor (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no\\nremainder. In this case, 2 x 1892 = 3784. Write the prime factor (2) in the\\nleft column and the other number (1892) in the right column.\\n\\nContinue with this process, i.e. 2 x 946 = 1892, adding both numbers to the\\ntable. When you reach an odd number (e.g., 2 x 473 = 946), divide by small\\nprime numbers besides 2 until you find one that divides evenly with no\\nremainder. In this case, 11 x 43 = 473. Continue the process until you reach\\n1.\\n\\n#### References\\n\\n * Minnesota State University Moorhead: Factors, Multiples, and Divisors\\n * Lamar State College-Orange: How to Find the Factors of a Number\\n\\n#### About the Author\\n\\nClaire is a writer and editor with 18 years' experience. She writes about\\nscience and health for a range of digital publications, including Reader's\\nDigest, HealthCentral, Vice and Zocdoc.\\n\\n### Find Your Next Great Science Fair Project! GO\\n\\n * Science\\n\\n * Math\\n\\n * Projects\\n\\n * News\\n\\n * About Us\\n\\n * Accessibility Statement\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n * Copyright Policy\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Careers\\n * Manage Preferences\\n\\nCopyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n⨯\\n\\nDont Go!\\n\\nWe Have More Great Sciencing Articles!\\n\\n## What Is Factoring in Math?\\n\\n## How to Factor Negative Numbers\\n\\n## How to Write Polynomial Functions When Given Zeros\\n\\n## How to Find Factors of a Constant Term\\n\\n## Definition of Successor and Predecessor in Math\\n\\n## How to Calculate a Coprime\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://sciencing.com/factor-negative-numbers-8170436.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200806065616/https://sciencing.com/factor-negative-numbers-8170436.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Factor Negative Numbers\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Factors are numbers that -- when multiplied together -- result in another number, which is known as a product. The laws of multiplication state that when a negative number is multiplied by a positive number, the product will be negative. So, if considering a factor pair of a negative product, one of these factors must be negative and the other factor must be positive. Otherwise, factoring negative numbers works in the same way as factoring positive numbers.\",\n \"The factors of a number entail all of the numbers that can be multiplied by one another to produce that number. For example, the factors of -8 are: 1 and -8, -1 and 8, 2 and -4, and -2 and 4. This is because each of these factor pairs, when multiplied together, produce -8, as follows: 1 x -8 = -8; -1 x 8 = -8; 2 x -4 = -8; and -2 x 4 = -8. Essentially, to factor a negative number, find all of its positive factors, then duplicate them and write a negative sign in front of the duplicates. For instance, the positive factors of -3 are 1 and 3. Duplicating them produces 1, 3, 1, 3; writing a negative sign before the duplicates produces 1, 3, -1, -3, which are all of the factors of -3.\",\n \"Based in western New York, Amy Harris began writing for Demand Media and Great Lakes Brewing News in 2010. Harris holds a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics from Penn State University; she taught high school math for several years and has also worked in the field of instructional design.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Factor Negative Numbers | Sciencing\\n\\n * # SCIENCE\\n\\n * ### Biology\\n\\n * ### Cells\\n\\n * ### Molecular\\n\\n * ### Microorganisms\\n\\n * ### Genetics\\n\\n * ### Human Body\\n\\n * ### Ecology\\n\\n * ### Chemistry\\n\\n * ### Atomic & Molecular Structure\\n\\n * ### Bonds\\n\\n * ### Reactions\\n\\n * ### Stoichiometry\\n\\n * ### Solutions\\n\\n * ### Acids & Bases\\n\\n * ### Thermodynamics\\n\\n * ### Organic Chemistry\\n\\n * ### Physics\\n\\n * ### Fundamentals\\n\\n * ### Mechanics\\n\\n * ### Electronics\\n\\n * ### Waves\\n\\n * ### Energy\\n\\n * ### Fluid\\n\\n * ### Astronomy\\n\\n * ### Geology\\n\\n * ### Fundamentals\\n\\n * ### Minerals & Rocks\\n\\n * ### Earth Structure\\n\\n * ### Fossils\\n\\n * ### Natural Disasters\\n\\n * ### Nature\\n\\n * ### Ecosystems\\n\\n * ### Environment\\n\\n * ### Insects\\n\\n * ### Plants & Mushrooms\\n\\n * ### Animals\\n\\n * # MATH\\n\\n * ### Arithmetic\\n\\n * ### Addition & Subtraction\\n\\n * ### Multiplication & Division\\n\\n * ### Decimals\\n\\n * ### Fractions\\n\\n * ### Conversions\\n\\n * ### Algebra\\n\\n * ### Working With Units\\n\\n * ### Equations & Expressions\\n\\n * ### Ratios & Proportions\\n\\n * ### Inequalities\\n\\n * ### Exponents & Logarithms\\n\\n * ### Factorization\\n\\n * ### Functions\\n\\n * ### Linear Equations\\n\\n * ### Graphs\\n\\n * ### Quadratics\\n\\n * ### Polynomials\\n\\n * ### Geometry\\n\\n * ### Fundamentals\\n\\n * ### Cartesian\\n\\n * ### Circles\\n\\n * ### Solids\\n\\n * ### Trigonometry\\n\\n * ### Probability & Statistics\\n\\n * ### Mean/Median/Mode\\n\\n * ### Independent/Dependent Variables\\n\\n * ### Deviation\\n\\n * ### Correlation\\n\\n * ### Sampling\\n\\n * ### Distributions\\n\\n * ### Probability\\n\\n * ### Calculus\\n\\n * ### Differentiation/Integration\\n\\n * ### Application\\n\\n * # PROJECTS\\n\\n * ### Biology\\n\\n * ### Chemistry\\n\\n * ### Physics\\n\\n * ### Geology\\n\\n * ### Nature\\n\\n * ### Arithmetic\\n\\n * ### Algebra\\n\\n * ### Geometry\\n\\n * ### Probability & Statistics\\n\\n * ### Calculus\\n\\n * # NEWS\\n\\n * Share\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nPrint\\n\\n * Home ⋅\\n * Math ⋅\\n * Algebra ⋅\\n * Factorization\\n\\n# How to Factor Negative Numbers\\n\\n••• JordiDelgado/iStock/GettyImages\\n\\nShare\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nRelated\\n\\n### How to Factor Polynomials With 4 Terms\\n\\nUpdated March 13, 2018\\n\\nBy Amy Harris\\n\\nFactors are numbers that -- when multiplied together -- result in another\\nnumber, which is known as a product. The laws of multiplication state that\\nwhen a negative number is multiplied by a positive number, the product will be\\nnegative. So, if considering a factor pair of a negative product, one of these\\nfactors must be negative and the other factor must be positive. Otherwise,\\nfactoring negative numbers works in the same way as factoring positive\\nnumbers.\\n\\n## Factors of a Negative Number\\n\\nThe factors of a number entail all of the numbers that can be multiplied by\\none another to produce that number. For example, the factors of -8 are: 1 and\\n-8, -1 and 8, 2 and -4, and -2 and 4. This is because each of these factor\\npairs, when multiplied together, produce -8, as follows: 1 x -8 = -8; -1 x 8 =\\n-8; 2 x -4 = -8; and -2 x 4 = -8. Essentially, to factor a negative number,\\nfind all of its positive factors, then duplicate them and write a negative\\nsign in front of the duplicates. For instance, the positive factors of -3 are\\n1 and 3. Duplicating them produces 1, 3, 1, 3; writing a negative sign before\\nthe duplicates produces 1, 3, -1, -3, which are all of the factors of -3.\\n\\n#### References\\n\\n * Math Is Fun: All Factors of a Number\\n * AAA Math: Multiplication of Two and Three Digit Integers\\n\\n#### About the Author\\n\\nBased in western New York, Amy Harris began writing for Demand Media and Great\\nLakes Brewing News in 2010. Harris holds a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics\\nfrom Penn State University; she taught high school math for several years and\\nhas also worked in the field of instructional design.\\n\\n### Find Your Next Great Science Fair Project! GO\\n\\n * Science\\n\\n * Math\\n\\n * Projects\\n\\n * News\\n\\n * About Us\\n\\n * Accessibility Statement\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n * Copyright Policy\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Careers\\n * Manage Preferences\\n\\nCopyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n⨯\\n\\nDont Go!\\n\\nWe Have More Great Sciencing Articles!\\n\\n## How to Factor Polynomials With 4 Terms\\n\\n## How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily\\n\\n## How to Divide Negative Numbers\\n\\n## Tricks for Factoring Quadratic Equations\\n\\n## How to Identify a Numerical Coefficient of a Term\\n\\n## How to Multiply Fractions With Negative Numbers\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":346,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":412213,"string":"412,213"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make Your Legs Look Wider When They're Thin"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To make your legs look wider, opt for straight-legged or boot-cut pants. Look for light colors, such as pale blue, light gray, or khaki, since dark colors generally have a slimming effect. You can also go for pants with bold patterns, like horizontal stripes, plaids, or floral prints. Alternatively, wear shorts that end mid-thigh, which will make your legs look as wide as your mid-thighs. You can also go for skirts or dresses that end mid-thigh or mid-calf. Or, wear knee-length boots to make your legs look thicker."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060837/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-2/","http://web.archive.org/web/20170916035104/http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20201108115154/http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12","http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060833/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/","http://web.archive.org/web/20201112041830/https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210418212240/http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060837/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-2/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916035104/http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201108115154/http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060833/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201112041830/https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418212240/http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1536,"string":"1,536"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-2/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060837/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-2/","parsed_text":{"title":"Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)","passages":["Finding the right outfits and accessories for thin, skinny girl is actually much easier than for those who have curves and weight. Thanks to the fashion industry who creates such “skinnier is better” images by always bringing those skinny models to showcase their fashion staples. And by this, it means there are plenty of fashion choices out there for you to pull off just exactly like those models. So, be grateful with your slender body, and always be confident with that","These tips are probably useless if you think your thinness is fine. If you don’t have problem with your body silhouette, then you can just wear anything you want. Many fashion pictorials show that being skinny is not a big deal since we can wear as many types of outfits as we want.","On the other hand, if you still have problem with self-esteem linked to your skinny frame, let’s continue last article, “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 1)“, on how and what to fashion the thin figure.","Right colors and prints Colors: Bright and light colors like vibrant shades and pastels are great to create volume as well to give a fashionable, feminine touch into the look. Don’t be shy about wearing bright colors and dare to wear red or yellow if you have the right coloring. Avoid monochromatic outfits, while attires with various colors such as color block or tone-on-tone are strongly recommended.","If you want to look wider, the best trick is to opt for outfits that split up your body at the center line, creating two halves by distinctive colors. Wear more than one color combination and play them with contrast. For example wear light tops and dark bottoms or vice versa.","Diagonal silhouette is a great bet to create wider frame, which can be produced by pairing pieces in contrasting colors","Prints: Heavy prints look great on skinny figure, so go for big and colorful motifs to achieve the illusion of fullness. Avoid vertical lines, and opt for horizontal or diagonal stripes instead such as the navy patterns. Both horizontal and diagonal patterns can add curves to your body, promising wider appearance either with blouses, dresses, trousers or skirts.","Right fabrics Fabrics with some structure and textures such as knits, denim, leather, tweed, corduroy, and thick lace are great for creating the illusion of curve, but you also don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. So, go with heavy fabrics or even layers, but make sure the fabrics are soft and flexible enough to keep you comfortable and less bulky.","If you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics like silk, cotton, linen, and satin are great to try, but if you want to add curve then avoid them and go for something thicker. You can try playing with contrast, for example team a silk blouse with jeans or a plain cotton tee shirt with linen trousers or a satin skirt. Knit shirt-dresses, often made of acrylic or heavy cotton blends, can also help you look curvier.","Right accessories and footwear Choosing the right accessories and footwear surely can highlight your strengths including your slender figure, elegant neck and lean legs. Number of fashion pieces like belts, scarves, and jewelries are definitely a good bet for accentuating your skinny figure.","Belts: besides giving formal touch into your look, both thick and skinny belts paired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your tiny waist. If you have no waist, go for wide belts in bright colors, and if your waist is small, try out some beautiful original belts.","Scarves: knowing how to tie your scarf may also change the overall look. Especially for those with a thin, long neck, scarves and shawls suit well because they add volume and divert attention away from your figure. If you have very thin arms, wear a little scarf knotted around your neck rather than contrasting a thick shawl with thin arms. A smartly chosen chunky scarf can also hide a longer neck and will add some personal touch to your style.","Jewelries: these sparkling accessories can do more to your appearance. Other than scarves, necklaces can also add weight and dimension to your thin, long neck. Wear those low and big, beaded necklaces and combine it with round neckline of your top to achieve much fuller neck. Choose the colorful ones, do some color-blocking for a more striking statement.","Bracelets and bangles – wooden or metal – that strike as you pass by are the major attention grabbers, and they can add curves too. Wear several on your wrist to jazz up a dull outfit or give it an ethnic look. If your wrists are really tiny, bangles give an illusion of volume and of softness. Be careful not to go too bling, though!","Footwear: skinny women should prefer wearing lower heels or flats with impressive style. If you want to wear heels or wedges instead, the height should be kept to a minimum, or you can play with colors, sparks, and appliques for adding weight to your legs and for drawing attention away from the bony knees. Heels and wedges will actually produce much taller figure to thin women, making them as gorgeous as supermodels. It basically depends on your confidence.","Pick the right boots based on its weight and design. Boots are generally long and will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. However, be sure to avoid heavy shoes, because light weight shoes will give balance to your silhouette, while heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. When choosing a pair of tall boots, opt for narrow calf boots or knee-high sleek boots that fit well around your ultra-skinny calves. Your tall boots are not supposed to gape around the calf area, although sometimes slouchy boot styles are easier to fit because the gaping works with the relaxed vibe of the boots.","Best Haircut for Skinny Girl No matter what your hair color, your hair style matters a lot and adds great charm to your appearance. For those who are skinny and have a long, thin neck, your goal is to add volumes and curves in your hair. The more style you add to your hair, the more beautiful you will appear. Medium length or short-bob, wavier or chunkier hairstyles, those will look best and add feminine flair to the skinny figure. Not to mention, long bangs, curls, layers, and angles also flatter.","However, the wrong kind of hairdo can be particularly upsetting to the sleek balance of your body and make you look like you might topple over at any moment. So, don’t go too big-haired or your hair will look disproportionate to your body. Also avoid too long, too straight and sleek hair as it only emphasizes your thinness. Too short or spiky hair can also look masculine on a boyish figure, while hair locks, bun, puffs, plats, etc. are the many types that can be molded in a thousand different ways. You may even give your hair some new color. Ask your hairstylist for more ideas and suggestions.","Right swimsuit Lucky for those with thin figure that they have body to wear those chic ruffled and colored tops that are so hot right now, so go for it. But if your bust is really flat, look for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size. Cute, flattering designs like the bandeau top, demi-bra style, Brazilian two-piece swimwear make the most of a beautiful, dainty, bust line.","If you’re into swimming, wear one piece instead, and avoid swimwear with too many details and too much fabric, also make sure your supportive bra fits well and comes with adjustable straps. As for prints and colors, again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust, even you are still allowed to play with other numerous bright colors and prints as fun as you like.","Finally, if you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then take a look at these images featuring fashion campaigns and styles for skinny women. Just remember to always show off your best assets and conceal the others, that you are aiming for a balanced silhouette and to be confident no matter what shape your body is.","She brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one- on-one session with her beloved clients.","April 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 1| 2| 3| 4 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 26| 27| 28| 29| 30"]},"parsed_md":"Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)\n\nGorgeous & BeautifulEasy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas.\n\nShopping Cart 0 items - $0.00 0\n\n# Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)\n\n### Address\n\n143 W Street Name, New York, NY 10014\n\nPhone: +1(800)123-4588\n\nEmail: info@yoursite.com\n\n### Follow Me\n\nFashion Tips May 30, 2013 0Comments\n\nFinding the right outfits and accessories for thin, skinny girl is actually\nmuch easier than for those who have curves and weight. Thanks to the fashion\nindustry who creates such “skinnier is better” images by always bringing those\nskinny models to showcase their fashion staples. And by this, it means there\nare plenty of fashion choices out there for you to pull off just exactly like\nthose models. So, be grateful with your slender body, and always be confident\nwith that\n\nThese tips are probably useless if you think your thinness is fine. If you\ndon’t have problem with your body silhouette, then you can just wear anything\nyou want. Many fashion pictorials show that being skinny is not a big deal\nsince we can wear as many types of outfits as we want.\n\nOn the other hand, if you still have problem with self-esteem linked to your\nskinny frame, let’s continue last article, “Fashion Tips and Style If You are\na Skinny Girl (Part 1)“, on how and what to fashion the thin figure.\n\nPlaying with vibrant shades and prints can be the most fun part for those with\nthin frame\n\nRight colors and prints Colors: Bright and light colors like vibrant shades\nand pastels are great to create volume as well to give a fashionable, feminine\ntouch into the look. Don’t be shy about wearing bright colors and dare to wear\nred or yellow if you have the right coloring. Avoid monochromatic outfits,\nwhile attires with various colors such as color block or tone-on-tone are\nstrongly recommended.\n\nIf you want to look wider, the best trick is to opt for outfits that split up\nyour body at the center line, creating two halves by distinctive colors. Wear\nmore than one color combination and play them with contrast. For example wear\nlight tops and dark bottoms or vice versa.\n\nDiagonal silhouette is a great bet to create wider frame, which can be\nproduced by pairing pieces in contrasting colors\n\nPrints: Heavy prints look great on skinny figure, so go for big and colorful\nmotifs to achieve the illusion of fullness. Avoid vertical lines, and opt for\nhorizontal or diagonal stripes instead such as the navy patterns. Both\nhorizontal and diagonal patterns can add curves to your body, promising wider\nappearance either with blouses, dresses, trousers or skirts.\n\nRight fabrics Fabrics with some structure and textures such as knits, denim,\nleather, tweed, corduroy, and thick lace are great for creating the illusion\nof curve, but you also don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame\nlook rigid. So, go with heavy fabrics or even layers, but make sure the\nfabrics are soft and flexible enough to keep you comfortable and less bulky.\n\nIf you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics like silk, cotton,\nlinen, and satin are great to try, but if you want to add curve then avoid\nthem and go for something thicker. You can try playing with contrast, for\nexample team a silk blouse with jeans or a plain cotton tee shirt with linen\ntrousers or a satin skirt. Knit shirt-dresses, often made of acrylic or heavy\ncotton blends, can also help you look curvier.\n\nRight accessories and footwear Choosing the right accessories and footwear\nsurely can highlight your strengths including your slender figure, elegant\nneck and lean legs. Number of fashion pieces like belts, scarves, and\njewelries are definitely a good bet for accentuating your skinny figure.\n\nPleats, layers, belts, textured fabrics are good options to accentuate your\nsilhouette\n\nBelts: besides giving formal touch into your look, both thick and skinny belts\npaired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate\nyour tiny waist. If you have no waist, go for wide belts in bright colors, and\nif your waist is small, try out some beautiful original belts.\n\nScarves: knowing how to tie your scarf may also change the overall look.\nEspecially for those with a thin, long neck, scarves and shawls suit well\nbecause they add volume and divert attention away from your figure. If you\nhave very thin arms, wear a little scarf knotted around your neck rather than\ncontrasting a thick shawl with thin arms. A smartly chosen chunky scarf can\nalso hide a longer neck and will add some personal touch to your style.\n\nAbuse scarf or jewelry such as necklace to give a fuller effect on your neck\n\nJewelries: these sparkling accessories can do more to your appearance. Other\nthan scarves, necklaces can also add weight and dimension to your thin, long\nneck. Wear those low and big, beaded necklaces and combine it with round\nneckline of your top to achieve much fuller neck. Choose the colorful ones, do\nsome color-blocking for a more striking statement.\n\nBracelets and bangles – wooden or metal – that strike as you pass by are the\nmajor attention grabbers, and they can add curves too. Wear several on your\nwrist to jazz up a dull outfit or give it an ethnic look. If your wrists are\nreally tiny, bangles give an illusion of volume and of softness. Be careful\nnot to go too bling, though!\n\nFootwear: skinny women should prefer wearing lower heels or flats with\nimpressive style. If you want to wear heels or wedges instead, the height\nshould be kept to a minimum, or you can play with colors, sparks, and\nappliques for adding weight to your legs and for drawing attention away from\nthe bony knees. Heels and wedges will actually produce much taller figure to\nthin women, making them as gorgeous as supermodels. It basically depends on\nyour confidence.\n\nHigh Sleek Boots for thin legged women\n\nPick the right boots based on its weight and design. Boots are generally long\nand will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. However, be sure to avoid\nheavy shoes, because light weight shoes will give balance to your silhouette,\nwhile heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. When choosing a pair\nof tall boots, opt for narrow calf boots or knee-high sleek boots that fit\nwell around your ultra-skinny calves. Your tall boots are not supposed to gape\naround the calf area, although sometimes slouchy boot styles are easier to fit\nbecause the gaping works with the relaxed vibe of the boots.\n\nHaircuts and styles for thin face and long neck\n\nBest Haircut for Skinny Girl No matter what your hair color, your hair style\nmatters a lot and adds great charm to your appearance. For those who are\nskinny and have a long, thin neck, your goal is to add volumes and curves in\nyour hair. The more style you add to your hair, the more beautiful you will\nappear. Medium length or short-bob, wavier or chunkier hairstyles, those will\nlook best and add feminine flair to the skinny figure. Not to mention, long\nbangs, curls, layers, and angles also flatter.\n\nHowever, the wrong kind of hairdo can be particularly upsetting to the sleek\nbalance of your body and make you look like you might topple over at any\nmoment. So, don’t go too big-haired or your hair will look disproportionate to\nyour body. Also avoid too long, too straight and sleek hair as it only\nemphasizes your thinness. Too short or spiky hair can also look masculine on a\nboyish figure, while hair locks, bun, puffs, plats, etc. are the many types\nthat can be molded in a thousand different ways. You may even give your hair\nsome new color. Ask your hairstylist for more ideas and suggestions.\n\nDesigns of swimwear best suited for skinny women\n\nRight swimsuit Lucky for those with thin figure that they have body to wear\nthose chic ruffled and colored tops that are so hot right now, so go for it.\nBut if your bust is really flat, look for tops with padding, under wiring and\na triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size. Cute, flattering\ndesigns like the bandeau top, demi-bra style, Brazilian two-piece swimwear\nmake the most of a beautiful, dainty, bust line.\n\nIf you’re into swimming, wear one piece instead, and avoid swimwear with too\nmany details and too much fabric, also make sure your supportive bra fits well\nand comes with adjustable straps. As for prints and colors, again, horizontal\nstripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust, even you are still allowed to\nplay with other numerous bright colors and prints as fun as you like.\n\nFinally, if you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim\nshape then take a look at these images featuring fashion campaigns and styles\nfor skinny women. Just remember to always show off your best assets and\nconceal the others, that you are aiming for a balanced silhouette and to be\nconfident no matter what shape your body is.\n\nSheen and Heavy Prints for adding weight and dimension on slim figure\n\nStreet Fashion Style for Skinny Women\n\nTags: fashion tips for skinny girlsskinny outfits\n\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\n\n##### About Me\n\nShe brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one-\non-one session with her beloved clients.\n\n##### Categories\n\n * Accessories\n\n * Bags\n * Eyewear\n * Jewelries\n * Scarves\n * Shoes\n * Tights and Socks\n * Beauty Tips\n\n * Beauty Collection\n * Hairstyles\n * Fashion Tips\n\n * How To Wear\n * Petite Fashion\n * Plus Size\n * Get the Look\n\n * Street Fashion\n * LookBook\n\n * Campaigns\n * Runways\n\n * London\n * Milan\n * New York\n * Paris\n * Shopping Tips\n * Trend\n\n * Lingerie\n * Style\n * Swimwear\n * Wedding\n\n##### Calendar\n\nApril 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n1| 2| 3| 4 \n5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 \n12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 \n19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 \n26| 27| 28| 29| 30 \n \n##### Recent Posts\n\n###### Cocktail Dresses for Party : Easy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas\n\n###### What to Wear to Spring Wedding – Transitional Weather Fashion Tips\n\n###### How to Wear A Little (Black, White, Red) Dress – Simple and Easy\n\n## Address\n\n143 W Street Name, NY 10014 +1 (800) 123-4588\n\n## Menu\n\n * About\n * Services\n * Blog\n * Contacts\n\n## Follow Me\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n\n## Newsletter\n\nGorgeautiful © 2012 All rights reserved. Terms of use and Privacy Policy\n\nget in touch\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916035104/http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html","parsed_text":{"title":"10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men","passages":["If you’re one of those guys who can eat everything in sight without putting on an ounce or work out at the gym without bulking up, you will benefit from these ten fashion tips for skinny men. Before you head out for the mall, go through your closet and pull out anything that emphasizes your slight frame.","Avoid anything oversized. Skinny men should take this fashion tip and stop wearing anything too big or bulky. It only makes you look like a boy playing dress-up in Dad’s clothes.","Wear small shoulder pads to balance out your narrow frame. Not wearing shoulder pads may emphasize your narrow shoulders, but if you’re a skinny man, another fashion tip is to avoid shoulder pads that are too big. They’ll just make you look out of proportion.","Jackets should hit you at the hip. Anything longer will make you look like an ostrich with too much body and toothpick legs. Shorter will make you look like a pre-pubescent boy.","Another fashion tip for skinny men is to only wear flat-front pants. The puckers from pleats will give you unsightly, unnatural bulges when you sit.","Avoid pinstripes—especially in pants. Skinny men should follow this top ten fashion tip if they don’t want to look like a pole.","To look well-proportioned, wear straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans. Stay away from skinny jeans or tapered pants that emphasize toothpick legs and no rear.","When weather allows, wear turtleneck sweaters. A V-neck sweater will give you a crane-like appearance, drawing attention to your skinniness.","Select spread collared dress shirts. The wider spread will give the appearance of wider shoulders. This is an important fashion tip for skinny men who want to climb the corporate ladder.","Opt for layers. In addition to being practical for comfort, this top ten fashion tip for skinny men can actually give you the well proportioned look you want.","Avoid wearing a belt that is too big. Nothing says “skinny” louder than a belt that you can wrap twice around your waist or hip.","All ten fashion tips for skinny men are formulated to make you look well- proportioned and confident in your appearance. Everything should fit, so you can focus on being your fabulous self.","Any guy under the average height of 5'9\" to 5'10\" should heed these ten fashion tips for short men. No ...","If you’re feeling a little lost as far as what to wear, welcome to this awesome list of 10 body shape fashion tips ...","Follow these 10 fashion tips for men with broad shoulders so you can dress to impress. Broad shoulders are no ...","Learn about 10 edgy fashion tips for men. While women are offered fashion advice on every corner, men don't have the ...","If your idea of a casual look is sweat pants and a t-shirt, you're in dire need of the top 10 casual fashion tips fo ...","Tall guys you may think you have fashion figured out, but take a moment to read these ten fashion tips for tall men. For ...","If you’re a youthful guy and want to look pulled together and stylish, follow these 10 fashion tips for young ...","Follow these 10 winter fashion tips for men to know to wear when the weather gets cold. When it's chilly out and all ...","Looking for fashion tips for men in their 30’s? Unlike many women who understand the rules of fashion, men sometim ...","The following 10 fashion tips for men’s shoes will answer some of the nagging questions you may have, but don&rsqu; ...","Five style tips for straight boyish figures does not include padded shoulders or bulky sweaters. These are ploys easily ...","By keeping some basic guidelines in mind, you can learn about 5 great fashion tips for men. No matter what your age, goo ..."]},"parsed_md":"10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men | Made Man\n\n# Inside Style\n\n * Clothing\n * Grooming\n * Home\n * Shoes & Accessories\n * Body Modification\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# These Board Shorts Look Awesome—and Won’t Blind Your Friends\n\n# 25 Definitive Quotes on Men’s Style\n\n# What Your Underwear Tells Her About You\n\n# 11 Instagram Lessons in How to Rock the Pocket Square\n\n# Inside Food & Drink\n\n * Mixology\n * Dining\n * Beer & Wine\n * Cooking\n * Grilling & BBQ\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# How to Identify Every Favorite Cut of Steak Ever\n\n# Guys, Please Stop Overcooking Your Steaks\n\n# 25 Bacon Porn Photos to Make Your Day\n\n# 5 Drinks You Should Never Buy a Woman\n\n# Inside Entertainment\n\n * Celebrities\n * Movies & TV\n * Travel\n * Nightlife\n * Sports\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# 10 Tell-Tale Signs You're an American Traveling Abroad\n\n# 6 of the Most Haunted Airbnb Homes Most Wouldn't Dare to Stay\n\n# 8 Patriotic Songs That Instill Us With American Pride\n\n# Randy Moss Is Still Flying\n\n# Inside Tech & Gear\n\n * Cool Gadgets\n * Internet & Apps\n * Rides\n * Tech & Innovation\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# Climb Inside This 13-Foot Mech Suit\n\n# Must-Have Gear to Transform Any Parking Lot into a Tailgate Party\n\n# Breathtaking Mods Prove the Indian Scout Bobber Is Equal Parts Versatile and\nBadass\n\n# Test Driving the Vanderhall Venice Completely Changed Our Minds About\n3-Wheelers\n\n# Inside Lifestyle\n\n * Sexuality\n * Fitness\n * Healthy Living\n * Fatherhood\n * Finances\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# Science Says These Are the Secrets to Being More Intense Lovers\n\n# This Kickass Workout Will Leave Her Staring at Your Butt\n\n# Study Says Women Twice as Likely to Lose Interest in Sex—Keep Yours Hot With\nThese 9 Steamy Positions For Mind-Blowing Oral Sex\n\n# Randy Moss Is Still Flying\n\n# Inside News\n\n * Trending\n * Politics\n * Business\n * Entertainment\n * Sports\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# 6 Ways You Can Help Victims of Hurricane Harvey\n\n# MK-Ultra, Lies and LSD: Did the CIA Secretly Murder One of Its Own\nScientists?\n\n# Los Angeles Goes Nuts Over Fake Conor McGregor\n\n# Science Says Women Are Happier With Men Who Are Less Attractive Than They\nAre\n\n# More About Women\n\n * What Women Want\n * More Women\n * Women We Admire\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Chickipedia\n\n# 7 Gestures Women Find Incredibly Irresistible\n\n# Sarah Huckabee Sanders Dropped a Whopper, but It’s Not One of the 7 Lies All\nWomen Tell\n\n# Things Men Do That Really Turn Women Off\n\n# The Most Dangerous and Deadly Women the World Has Ever Known\n\n# Inside Video\n\n * 60-Second Happy Hour\n * The Donnelly Show\n * 100 Things\n * Speakeasy\n * Beer Food\n * For the Win\n\n# 60-Second Happy Hour: Jungle Bird\n\n# This Spiked Pulp Fiction Float Tastes Goooood\n\n# This Cocktail Is Always Ready to Throw Down\n\n# Drink in the Dark to Serve the Light\n\nMademan › Style News, Articles & Editorials | Made Man › Clothing › 10 Fashion\nTips For Skinny men\n\n## More on Made Man\n\n## 10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men\n\n## 10 Best Songs About Change\n\n## 5 Tips for Getting Girls Wet\n\n## Dan Marino Stats\n\n## How to Make a French Connection Cocktail\n\n## Kings Cup Drinking Game Rules\n\n## 10 Italian Tattoos for Men Ideas\n\n## Good Questions to Ask When You Meet Women\n\n## Cute Names To Call Your Girlfriend\n\n## 5 Cute Ways To Ask a Girl Out\n\n## 10 Real Techniques for Masturbation Every Man Needs to Try\n\n## 10 Best Famous Quotes by Clint Eastwood\n\n## Incredible Hulk Drinks\n\n## 13 Easy Card Drinking Games\n\n## 19 Cute Love Song Lyrics\n\n## The 15 Best Romantic Pickup Lines\n\n## 10 Free Safe Porn Sites\n\n## 10 Best Songs About Winning\n\n## 5 Arm Exercises Without Weights\n\n## How To Clean Sperry Shoes\n\n## 10 Flirty Knock Knock Jokes\n\n## 10 Best Country Song Quotes\n\n## 10 Flirty Jokes To Tell Your Girlfriend\n\n## 8 Must-Have Apps For Every Man\n\n## 4 Young Beauties That Look Like Emma Watson\n\n## 5 Bootylicious Women Who Look Like Beyonce\n\n## 7 Things Every Sports Bar Should Have\n\n## Cruising Solo? 10 Tips to Find a Date on a Ship\n\n## 4 Bachelor Party Packages That Any To Be Groom Would Love\n\n## 8 Cruise Destinations You Should Consider\n\n## 4 Girls Next Door That Look Like Jennifer Lawrence\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men\n\n * By Lynn Wallace | 04/17/2010\n\nFacebook Twitter Stumble Google+ Save\n\nIf you’re one of those guys who can eat everything in sight without putting on\nan ounce or work out at the gym without bulking up, you will benefit from\nthese ten fashion tips for skinny men. Before you head out for the mall, go\nthrough your closet and pull out anything that emphasizes your slight frame.\n\n 1. Avoid anything oversized. Skinny men should take this fashion tip and stop wearing anything too big or bulky. It only makes you look like a boy playing dress-up in Dad’s clothes.\n 2. Wear small shoulder pads to balance out your narrow frame. Not wearing shoulder pads may emphasize your narrow shoulders, but if you’re a skinny man, another fashion tip is to avoid shoulder pads that are too big. They’ll just make you look out of proportion.\n 3. Jackets should hit you at the hip. Anything longer will make you look like an ostrich with too much body and toothpick legs. Shorter will make you look like a pre-pubescent boy.\n 4. Another fashion tip for skinny men is to only wear flat-front pants. The puckers from pleats will give you unsightly, unnatural bulges when you sit.\n 5. Avoid pinstripes—especially in pants. Skinny men should follow this top ten fashion tip if they don’t want to look like a pole.\n 6. To look well-proportioned, wear straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans. Stay away from skinny jeans or tapered pants that emphasize toothpick legs and no rear.\n 7. When weather allows, wear turtleneck sweaters. A V-neck sweater will give you a crane-like appearance, drawing attention to your skinniness.\n 8. Select spread collared dress shirts. The wider spread will give the appearance of wider shoulders. This is an important fashion tip for skinny men who want to climb the corporate ladder.\n 9. Opt for layers. In addition to being practical for comfort, this top ten fashion tip for skinny men can actually give you the well proportioned look you want.\n 10. Avoid wearing a belt that is too big. Nothing says “skinny” louder than a belt that you can wrap twice around your waist or hip.\n\nAll ten fashion tips for skinny men are formulated to make you look well-\nproportioned and confident in your appearance. Everything should fit, so you\ncan focus on being your fabulous self.\n\nshow comments\n\n## What Others Are Reading Right Now.\n\nRead on Mademan\n\n * 6 Signs She Wants You to Come Talk to Her at the Bar\n\nThese not-so-subtle hints mean legit interest—and time for action.\n\n * The 7 Best Exercises to Build Arms That Turn Heads\n\nBecause who doesn’t want wicked big guns?\n\n * The 11 Manliest Sports You’ve (Probably) Never Heard Of\n\nLooking for exotic ways to measure your masculinity? Start here.\n\n# Related Articles\n\n## Reccomended for You\n\n# Introducing Made Man Mixology. New Channel! 50+ excellent cocktail recipes\nfor the making and sharing.\n\n# How to Compliment Women Without Being a Skeeze or Catcaller\n\n# GUYDES: How to be Suave at a Bar\n\n# My Week As Hemingway, or Oh Yes, There Will Be Gin\n\n# 20 EASY WAYS TO UPGRADE YOUR LIFE\n\n# DRESS SHARP: 5 KILLER SUIT TIPS\n\nLoad More\n\n# Today’s Top Stories\n\narticle\n\n# How to Identify Every Favorite Cut of Steak Ever\n\nIf you don't know, now you know.\n\ngallery\n\n# 7 Gestures Women Find Incredibly Irresistible\n\nScience has figured it all out for you.\n\ngallery\n\n# 10 Tell-Tale Signs You’re an American Traveling Abroad\n\nBe careful, your stars and stripes are showing...\n\n# More Stories Like This\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Short Men\n\nAny guy under the average height of 5'9\" to 5'10\" should heed these ten\nfashion tips for short men. No ...\n\n# 10 Body Shape Fashion Tips\n\nIf you’re feeling a little lost as far as what to wear, welcome to this\nawesome list of 10 body shape fashion tips ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips for Men With Broad Shoulders\n\nFollow these 10 fashion tips for men with broad shoulders so you can dress to\nimpress. Broad shoulders are no ...\n\n# 10 Edgy Fashion Tips for Men\n\nLearn about 10 edgy fashion tips for men. While women are offered fashion\nadvice on every corner, men don't have the ...\n\n# 10 Casual Fashion Tips for Men\n\nIf your idea of a casual look is sweat pants and a t-shirt, you're in dire\nneed of the top 10 casual fashion tips fo ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Tall Men\n\nTall guys you may think you have fashion figured out, but take a moment to\nread these ten fashion tips for tall men. For ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Young Men\n\nIf you’re a youthful guy and want to look pulled together and stylish, follow\nthese 10 fashion tips for young ...\n\n# 10 Winter Fashion Tips For Men\n\nFollow these 10 winter fashion tips for men to know to wear when the weather\ngets cold. When it's chilly out and all ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Men In Their 30's\n\nLooking for fashion tips for men in their 30’s? Unlike many women who\nunderstand the rules of fashion, men sometim ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Men Shoes\n\nThe following 10 fashion tips for men’s shoes will answer some of the nagging\nquestions you may have, but don&rsqu; ...\n\n# 5 Style Tips For Straight Boyish Figures\n\nFive style tips for straight boyish figures does not include padded shoulders\nor bulky sweaters. These are ploys easily ...\n\n# 5 Fashion Tips For Men\n\nBy keeping some basic guidelines in mind, you can learn about 5 great fashion\ntips for men. No matter what your age, goo ...\n\nLoad More\n\n# Leave A Comment\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201108115154/http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12","parsed_text":{"title":"Reddit Men's Biggest Fashion Mistakes","passages":["In a recent thread on Reddit's male fashion subreddit, /r/malefashionadvice, men shared the worst misconceptions they had about fashion and style.","This could not be further from the truth. Boot cut is the most unflattering of all pant cuts for skinnier dudes. It won't make your legs look any bigger, but the flare in the bottom of the leg will make you look sloppier than a straight or skinny cut pant.","Shirts aren't supposed to be baggy. They're supposed to fit! A good rule of thumb is to get a shirt that fits as close to your body as you can while you retain free range of movement in your arms.","A common misconception is that dressing up is the equivalent to dressing better. In fact, the two are completely unrelated and a man in sharp casualwear will look better than a man in a sloppy suit every time.","Many \"prestigious\" mall brands are perceived as \"quality,\" while they actually sell completely overpriced poor-quality garments covered with gaudy branding. Labels like Abercrombie and Fitch and Armani Exchange are two of the biggest offenders.","Learning which brands to avoid and which brands are worth their price is a crucial step on the road to dressing better.","Most men are now aware that shorts are perfectly fine to wear in the warmer months, and even acceptable in some more casual office environments.","There is a wide variety of boots available, from brouged dress boots to vintage reproduction work books. There's a boot for every kind of man: not just black Dr. Martens and Timberlands.","Boat shoes are still a great choice for summer footwear, but they are far from the most fashionable shoe available.","Square-toed shoes haven't been acceptable for a while now, and men are urged to stay away from them. They are clunky, awkward, and distracting, with a completely unflattering profile.","While it can be a strategic style decision to make your shoes and shirt match, it is pretty much completely unnecessary.","In fact for most outfits, this would look pretty ridiculous. It can work well for some street style outfits based around specific kinds of sneakers, however, but maybe wait to try this look until you get your fashion sea legs.","Matching your belt and shoes is a good rule of thumb for the dressiest of occasions, but that's really the only time. It's not necessary for business suits or any level of dress lower than that.","Black shoes don't go with everything. For many colors of suits and other outfits, it would be very \"fashion forward\" to opt for black footwear.","Contrary to what you see news and sports anchors wearing on TV, pocket squares do not have to match your tie. In fact, they probably shouldn't.","If anything, your pocket square can match the color of your shirt, but even then it's not necessary. Feel free to branch out with your pocket square.","Actually, the most versatile color of suit is navy or charcoal. These are the first two colors men should buy suits in when they're starting to build their wardrobe.","Black suits are only suitable on occasions like weddings and funerals, and sometimes for the office. Use your black suit sparingly."]},"parsed_md":"Reddit Men's Biggest Fashion Mistakes - Business Insider\n\nPresidential Results Senate Results House Results\n\n * BI Prime\n * Intelligence\n\nLog In\n\nSubscribe Subscribe\n\nAutomatically updates every 5 minutes.\n\nPresidential Results\n\n0Joe Biden Donald Trump0\n\n270 to win\n\nSenate Results\n\n0Dem Rep0\n\n51 to control\n\nHouse Results\n\n0Dem Rep0\n\n218 to control\n\nElection Live Results\n\nThe first polls close in\n\nPresidential Race\n\nSenate Race\n\nHouse Race\n\nHOMEPAGE Subscribe Subscribe\n\nHome Executive Lifestyle\n\n# 14 Big Fashion Mistakes That Men Make\n\nDennis Green\n\n2015-01-05T14:52:00Z\n\nOn every man's road to dressing better, there are quite a few things he learns\nabout style.\n\nIn a recent thread on Reddit's male fashion subreddit, /r/malefashionadvice,\nmen shared the worst misconceptions they had about fashion and style.\n\nKeep reading to make sure you don't make the same mistakes.\n\n## 1\\. \"Skinny guys should wear boot cut [pants] to make their legs look\nwider.\" -macadocious\n\nThis could not be further from the truth. Boot cut is the most unflattering of\nall pant cuts for skinnier dudes. It won't make your legs look any bigger, but\nthe flare in the bottom of the leg will make you look sloppier than a straight\nor skinny cut pant.\n\n##\n\nShutterstock.com\n\n## 2\\. \"Shirts were supposed to be baggy in the shoulders and chest.\"\n-utilitym0nster\n\nShirts aren't supposed to be baggy. They're supposed to fit! A good rule of\nthumb is to get a shirt that fits as close to your body as you can while you\nretain free range of movement in your arms.\n\nJaden Lam\n\n## 3\\. \"I thought that wearing the right clothes would automatically mean that\nI'd dress better.\" - Poizar\n\nA common misconception is that dressing up is the equivalent to dressing\nbetter. In fact, the two are completely unrelated and a man in sharp\ncasualwear will look better than a man in a sloppy suit every time.\n\nAdditionally, you should always be mindful to dress appropriately for the\nsituation at hand.\n\n## 4\\. \"I thought showing off you have money to buy \"high fashion\" mall brands\nmeant I was fashionable and looked good.\" -PSIKevin\n\nMany \"prestigious\" mall brands are perceived as \"quality,\" while they actually\nsell completely overpriced poor-quality garments covered with gaudy branding.\nLabels like Abercrombie and Fitch and Armani Exchange are two of the biggest\noffenders.\n\nLearning which brands to avoid and which brands are worth their price is a\ncrucial step on the road to dressing better.\n\nReuters\n\n## 5\\. \"Shorts are dumb and should only be worn by boys under the age of 12 or\nsportsmen.\" -themanifoldcuriosity\n\nMost men are now aware that shorts are perfectly fine to wear in the warmer\nmonths, and even acceptable in some more casual office environments.\n\nJust avoid the dreaded cargo short.\n\nVittorio Zunino Celotto/Getty Images\n\n## 6\\. \"Cargo shorts were cool because of everything you could fit in the\npockets.\" -Adjustify\n\nAgain, cargo shorts are generally looked upon today as extremely passé and\ndated. Avoid these at all costs.\n\nInstead, try a slim chino for a more modern look.\n\nFlickr/Seth Sawyers\n\n## 7\\. \"Only construction workers and goths wear boots.\" -GDDesu\n\nThere is a wide variety of boots available, from brouged dress boots to\nvintage reproduction work books. There's a boot for every kind of man: not\njust black Dr. Martens and Timberlands.\n\nFlickr/Eric Leo Kogan\n\n## 8\\. \"I thought boat shoes were the most fashionable shoes.\"\n-UnbiasedOnionRing\n\nBoat shoes are still a great choice for summer footwear, but they are far from\nthe most fashionable shoe available.\n\nFlickr/Malik Carter\n\n## 9\\. \"I thought square-toed shoes were cool.\" -TummyDrums\n\nSquare-toed shoes haven't been acceptable for a while now, and men are urged\nto stay away from them. They are clunky, awkward, and distracting, with a\ncompletely unflattering profile.\n\nStick with your classic wing tips.\n\nFlickr/gam48\n\n## 10\\. \"I used to color coordinate my shoes with my shirt to make sure they\nwere the same color.\" -Yeaga\n\nWhile it can be a strategic style decision to make your shoes and shirt match,\nit is pretty much completely unnecessary.\n\nIn fact for most outfits, this would look pretty ridiculous. It can work well\nfor some street style outfits based around specific kinds of sneakers,\nhowever, but maybe wait to try this look until you get your fashion sea legs.\n\nFlickr/artisticmac\n\n## 11\\. \"I always thought the belt had to match shoes no matter what you were\nwearing.\" -WhoopItIsThere\n\nMatching your belt and shoes is a good rule of thumb for the dressiest of\noccasions, but that's really the only time. It's not necessary for business\nsuits or any level of dress lower than that.\n\nFlickr/yourdon\n\n## 12\\. \"Black shoes went with everything.\" -KlausFenrir\n\nBlack shoes don't go with everything. For many colors of suits and other\noutfits, it would be very \"fashion forward\" to opt for black footwear.\n\nIf you want a shoe that goes with everything, buy a nice medium brown brogue.\n\nShutterstock\n\n## 13\\. \"Pocket squares have to match your tie.\" -vim_all_day\n\nContrary to what you see news and sports anchors wearing on TV, pocket squares\ndo not have to match your tie. In fact, they probably shouldn't.\n\nIf anything, your pocket square can match the color of your shirt, but even\nthen it's not necessary. Feel free to branch out with your pocket square.\n\nBusiness Insider / Matt Johnston\n\n## 14\\. \"I believed black suits to be the most versatile and best color of\nsuit to buy.\" -Rerrgon\n\nActually, the most versatile color of suit is navy or charcoal. These are the\nfirst two colors men should buy suits in when they're starting to build their\nwardrobe.\n\nBlack suits are only suitable on occasions like weddings and funerals, and\nsometimes for the office. Use your black suit sparingly.\n\nWinston DeLoney/ Flickr\n\nNewsletter\n\nA roundup of uplifting stories about everyday heroes. Sign up for Insider\nLife.\n\n### SEE ALSO: 10 Things Guys Think About Suits That Are Totally Wrong\n\n### DON'T FORGET: Follow Business Insider's The Life on Facebook!\n\nMore: Fashion Reddit Male Fashion Style\n\nFollow us on:\n\nAlso check out:\n\n* Copyright © 2020 Insider Inc. All rights reserved. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our\n\n * Terms of Service , Privacy Policy and Cookies Policy .\n\n * Sitemap\n * Disclaimer\n * Commerce Policy\n * CA Privacy Rights\n * Coupons\n * Made in NYC\n * Jobs\n\n * Stock quotes by finanzen.net\n * Reprints & Permissions\n\nInternational Editions:\n\n * United States US\n * International INTL\n * Australia AUS\n * Deutschland DE\n * España ES\n * France FR\n * India IN\n * Italy IT\n * Japan JP\n * México MX\n * Netherlands NL\n * Nordic SE\n * Polska PL\n * South Africa ZA\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060833/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/","parsed_text":{"title":"Fashion Tips and Style for Skinny Girls","passages":["Some people mostly in fashion industry likely to claim that being skinny is better than having too curvy silhouette, as they create such image that many girls nowadays dream about having a skinny and tall figure as the supermodels on runway. On the other hand, fashion stylists also say that even though many trends look great on skinny figures there are still some key items every skinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.","Truly that most women are never satisfied when looking in the mirror that they can spend so much time in thinking about the attire to dress up in. Whether they were naturally born too tall, too short, too fat, or too skinny, lists of “how to wear” and “what to wear” can go on till forever. And although there are many practical advices for other body types, we cannot find so many useful fashion tips for skinny figure.","So, take a look at some fashion tips for skinny girls to achieve a gorgeous result when looking in the mirror.","Dresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls, straight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes","The Right Cut Focusing on how to create curves and volume is the main goal for skinny girls when fashioning their attires. You need to create curves where you want them, or to add a balanced weight to the entire look. Here, you can dare to wear very tight close cuts or longer, a slight hugging dress, or bigger cuts to make you look wider. Nowadays, there are a number of designs that specialize in creating perfect slim size cuts with feminine curves places exactly where they are desirable.","Sleeves and Necklines for skinny women Dresses and tops with volume on shoulder and hips are great for thin women to create the illusion of curves between waist, bust and hips. You can add curves with an empire-waist dress, peplum style dresses and tops, or you can make fuller silhouette with shift dresses or baby-doll style clothes, although sometimes baby-dolls can also create a visual shorter look.","Sleeves: If you want to hide your scrawny arms, opt for shirts with volume sleeve to create wider look and to balance your silhouette. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some additional shape, while long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin upper arms.","Draw attention away from the upper half of your body by investing in bright shoes, trousers or skirts, and hide your arm by pairing a long-sleeve top with a bomber jacket or waterfall blazer. Tucking in shirts can also make your hips look wider which will make your legs look better too.","Busts: To fill out the bust area, opt for shirts or dresses that feature heavy prints and colors, as well as details like pleats, ruffles, twists, knots, or ruching at the bodice. If you have a flat bust, opt for a dress with sequins, jewels, or a bow near the collar area to help out your bust. Draping at the neckline can be a very flattering style for small-busted figures, so avoid very deep cleavage such as V-neckline and play fairly with the chest. You may as well wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines or play with collar that is high and chunky including the turtle neck, high cowl-neck, or mandarin collars.","Layering is also a great way to create dimension around the bust area. Abuse chunky clothes and play with all details, layers, prints, and colors accordingly. But don’t exaggerate. The goal is to add volume with balance, not to attract people attention with something tacky!","Trousers and skirts best to wear for skinny women As for trousers or pants, a low rise is ideal for creating curvy silhouette. Trousers like boot-cuts or flared pants make your bottoms round and can give your body extra shape and dimension. Make sure you go for the ones that are a bit of flair at the bottom – tight-fitting but flare out at the ankles at least from the knees down. Opt for trousers that are well fitted and notice that wearing palazzo or extra wide-leg pants sometimes just make your legs look lost","Not that the skinnies look bad for skinny women, but super snug like jegging jeans or extra-fitted pants are not really meant for this kind of body type, as they can just end up making you look skinnier. Better to choose a slim straight or a cigarette pant instead. But, obviously you can still pull off those fabulous skinnies by abusing bolder prints and colors to give a little more presence to your legs.","Where skirts are concerned, as well as the dresses, try clothes that are round from your waist down. Asymmetrical, tube or pencil skirts – short or long – that tapers at the knee is a good bet to give a visual extra pounds on your hips. While midi skirts with the hem that stops at the shapeliest part of you calf are also the best bet for skinny women. Play with belts, coats, pleats, tights, etc. to maximize the appearance you want to achieve.","If you wish for a mini, pieces like bubble skirts, flare skirts, and A-line skirts can also be a good option, just make it about four inches above your knee and allow the skirt to be well fitting, not a free size one. When choosing shorts, go for the shorter ones, the well fitted – not too loose and not too tight – short shorts around the hips. Avoid very wide leg shorts as they make your legs look like a pair of sticks or the very tight ones that will only make your body looks even skinnier. However, sometimes skinny women like to sport any kind of shorts and draw the attention away from the lower part of the body by adding striking and full details on the tops, which can be pleats, prints, appliques, bold colors, layers, etc.","If you are a thin, petite figure, avoid those super-maxis, oversized skirts or trousers as they will only make you look even shorter and smaller. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame. Maxi-skirts with the right size and height are actually great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.","Continue this article to “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)” for knowing other tips on how and what to wear best suited for skinny women.","Meanwhile, take a look at some inspirations from street fashion, campaigns and celebrities who best known with their thin, slender figure, who are always well put together and really make the most of their figures.","Ideas of pants, dress, and swimwear for skinny girls. Abuse colors and prints to achieve those volume and curves, as well as your youthful, teens-spirit","She brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one- on-one session with her beloved clients.","April 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 1| 2| 3| 4 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 26| 27| 28| 29| 30"]},"parsed_md":"Fashion Tips and Style for Skinny Girls - Gorgeous & Beautiful\n\nGorgeous & BeautifulEasy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas.\n\nShopping Cart 0 items - $0.00 0\n\n# Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 1)\n\n### Address\n\n143 W Street Name, New York, NY 10014\n\nPhone: +1(800)123-4588\n\nEmail: info@yoursite.com\n\n### Follow Me\n\nFashion Tips May 30, 2013 0Comments\n\nSome people mostly in fashion industry likely to claim that being skinny is\nbetter than having too curvy silhouette, as they create such image that many\ngirls nowadays dream about having a skinny and tall figure as the supermodels\non runway. On the other hand, fashion stylists also say that even though many\ntrends look great on skinny figures there are still some key items every\nskinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\n\nTruly that most women are never satisfied when looking in the mirror that they\ncan spend so much time in thinking about the attire to dress up in. Whether\nthey were naturally born too tall, too short, too fat, or too skinny, lists of\n“how to wear” and “what to wear” can go on till forever. And although there\nare many practical advices for other body types, we cannot find so many useful\nfashion tips for skinny figure.\n\nSo, take a look at some fashion tips for skinny girls to achieve a gorgeous\nresult when looking in the mirror.\n\nDresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls,\nstraight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\n\nThe Right Cut Focusing on how to create curves and volume is the main goal for\nskinny girls when fashioning their attires. You need to create curves where\nyou want them, or to add a balanced weight to the entire look. Here, you can\ndare to wear very tight close cuts or longer, a slight hugging dress, or\nbigger cuts to make you look wider. Nowadays, there are a number of designs\nthat specialize in creating perfect slim size cuts with feminine curves places\nexactly where they are desirable.\n\nSleeves and Necklines for skinny women Dresses and tops with volume on\nshoulder and hips are great for thin women to create the illusion of curves\nbetween waist, bust and hips. You can add curves with an empire-waist dress,\npeplum style dresses and tops, or you can make fuller silhouette with shift\ndresses or baby-doll style clothes, although sometimes baby-dolls can also\ncreate a visual shorter look.\n\nDesigns of sleeves, either for tops or dresses, for skinny women\n\nSleeves: If you want to hide your scrawny arms, opt for shirts with volume\nsleeve to create wider look and to balance your silhouette. Batwing sleeves\nare also great for adding some additional shape, while long sleeve tops are\ngreat for disguising thin upper arms.\n\nDraw attention away from the upper half of your body by investing in bright\nshoes, trousers or skirts, and hide your arm by pairing a long-sleeve top with\na bomber jacket or waterfall blazer. Tucking in shirts can also make your hips\nlook wider which will make your legs look better too.\n\nPlay with colors, prints, ruffles, layers, and other elements for adding\nvolumes\n\nBusts: To fill out the bust area, opt for shirts or dresses that feature heavy\nprints and colors, as well as details like pleats, ruffles, twists, knots, or\nruching at the bodice. If you have a flat bust, opt for a dress with sequins,\njewels, or a bow near the collar area to help out your bust. Draping at the\nneckline can be a very flattering style for small-busted figures, so avoid\nvery deep cleavage such as V-neckline and play fairly with the chest. You may\nas well wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines or play with collar that\nis high and chunky including the turtle neck, high cowl-neck, or mandarin\ncollars.\n\nLayering is also a great way to create dimension around the bust area. Abuse\nchunky clothes and play with all details, layers, prints, and colors\naccordingly. But don’t exaggerate. The goal is to add volume with balance, not\nto attract people attention with something tacky!\n\nSkinny jeans, bootcuts, slim-cut trousers and cigarette pants best suited for\nskinny legged women\n\nTrousers and skirts best to wear for skinny women As for trousers or pants, a\nlow rise is ideal for creating curvy silhouette. Trousers like boot-cuts or\nflared pants make your bottoms round and can give your body extra shape and\ndimension. Make sure you go for the ones that are a bit of flair at the bottom\n– tight-fitting but flare out at the ankles at least from the knees down. Opt\nfor trousers that are well fitted and notice that wearing palazzo or extra\nwide-leg pants sometimes just make your legs look lost\n\nNot that the skinnies look bad for skinny women, but super snug like jegging\njeans or extra-fitted pants are not really meant for this kind of body type,\nas they can just end up making you look skinnier. Better to choose a slim\nstraight or a cigarette pant instead. But, obviously you can still pull off\nthose fabulous skinnies by abusing bolder prints and colors to give a little\nmore presence to your legs.\n\nA-line skirt, pencil skirt, and mini skirt best suited for skinny women\n\nWhere skirts are concerned, as well as the dresses, try clothes that are round\nfrom your waist down. Asymmetrical, tube or pencil skirts – short or long –\nthat tapers at the knee is a good bet to give a visual extra pounds on your\nhips. While midi skirts with the hem that stops at the shapeliest part of you\ncalf are also the best bet for skinny women. Play with belts, coats, pleats,\ntights, etc. to maximize the appearance you want to achieve.\n\nOutfits with shorts best fashioned for skinny women\n\nIf you wish for a mini, pieces like bubble skirts, flare skirts, and A-line\nskirts can also be a good option, just make it about four inches above your\nknee and allow the skirt to be well fitting, not a free size one. When\nchoosing shorts, go for the shorter ones, the well fitted – not too loose and\nnot too tight – short shorts around the hips. Avoid very wide leg shorts as\nthey make your legs look like a pair of sticks or the very tight ones that\nwill only make your body looks even skinnier. However, sometimes skinny women\nlike to sport any kind of shorts and draw the attention away from the lower\npart of the body by adding striking and full details on the tops, which can be\npleats, prints, appliques, bold colors, layers, etc.\n\nIf you are a thin, petite figure, avoid those super-maxis, oversized skirts or\ntrousers as they will only make you look even shorter and smaller. A lot of\nwomen use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin\nside, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the\nclothing tends to swamp your frame. Maxi-skirts with the right size and height\nare actually great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but\nagain remember to avoid anything too baggy.\n\nContinue this article to “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl\n(Part 2)” for knowing other tips on how and what to wear best suited for\nskinny women.\n\nMeanwhile, take a look at some inspirations from street fashion, campaigns and\ncelebrities who best known with their thin, slender figure, who are always\nwell put together and really make the most of their figures.\n\nswimwear for skinny girls\n\nIdeas of pants, dress, and swimwear for skinny girls. Abuse colors and prints\nto achieve those volume and curves, as well as your youthful, teens-spirit\n\njeans for skinny girls\n\nAlexa Chung, known with her quirky, yet extremely cute and chic style, perfect\nfor those with skinny frame\n\nKeira Knightley with her “too” skinny shape, but still always looks good and\ngorgeous with dresses and skirts\n\nTags: fashion tips for skinny girlsSkinny Girlskinny women\n\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\n\n##### About Me\n\nShe brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one-\non-one session with her beloved clients.\n\n##### Categories\n\n * Accessories\n\n * Bags\n * Eyewear\n * Jewelries\n * Scarves\n * Shoes\n * Tights and Socks\n * Beauty Tips\n\n * Beauty Collection\n * Hairstyles\n * Fashion Tips\n\n * How To Wear\n * Petite Fashion\n * Plus Size\n * Get the Look\n\n * Street Fashion\n * LookBook\n\n * Campaigns\n * Runways\n\n * London\n * Milan\n * New York\n * Paris\n * Shopping Tips\n * Trend\n\n * Lingerie\n * Style\n * Swimwear\n * Wedding\n\n##### Calendar\n\nApril 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n1| 2| 3| 4 \n5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 \n12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 \n19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 \n26| 27| 28| 29| 30 \n \n##### Recent Posts\n\n###### Cocktail Dresses for Party : Easy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas\n\n###### What to Wear to Spring Wedding – Transitional Weather Fashion Tips\n\n###### How to Wear A Little (Black, White, Red) Dress – Simple and Easy\n\n## Address\n\n143 W Street Name, NY 10014 +1 (800) 123-4588\n\n## Menu\n\n * About\n * Services\n * Blog\n * Contacts\n\n## Follow Me\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n\n## Newsletter\n\nGorgeautiful © 2012 All rights reserved. Terms of use and Privacy Policy\n\nget in touch\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201112041830/https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/","parsed_text":{"title":"Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B) – Attire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme","passages":["We all try to look our best and often style advisers tell people to dress for their body type. But how do you know which boy type you have and what type of clothes go with each of the main body type?","In this guide, we are focusing on men who are lean and rather thin and offer a series of practical advice you can put into practice the next time you are creating an outfit.","Let’s start with understanding the three major body types. As you might know, there are three major body types: ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph. Of course, there are tons of variations in between, and probably most men are actually in between. Some guys have a certain part bigger and certain part smaller etc.","We did some research because we wanted to find out if you can actually change your body type and found out that it’s not the body type that you can change, it’s something called the “body composition”. Meaning that your body type is basically what you look like if you don’t work out or have a conscious lifestyle. But, if you are an endomorph trying to look like a mesomorph or an ectomorph, you can achieve it by adjusting your workout and diet. It applies to all guys. For example, cardio is a very recommended workout, but for ectomorphs it will actually result in muscle loss. So it’s best to know your body type, do great research (we will also feature some tips on what activities are best for your body type in the coming articles) and you will look like in a different way, if that is what you wish!","In the mean time, we know that many thin men feel out of place, since skinny guys are not taken very seriously in our culture. Some women are crazy about them, others seem to be envious that the dude is thinner than they are and some people really don’t care.","We have put together a list of fashion and style tips thin men can use in order to look their best!","d) If your outfit has a single color, it will emphasize the fact that you are very slim. Wearing different hues or colors will definitely make the outfit more interesting","a) Whatever you do, make sure your clothes fit your frame! Many thin men try to appear bigger by wearing bulky clothes. Trust us, you will look great in fitted clothes","Jim Parsons looking great at the SAG awards. Notice how a well-fitting suit makes a man with a thin frame look great!","b) Try to be proportionate. Thin men can pull off shoulder pads quite well, but make sure they are not too big, or else you risk to look disproportionate","c) Casual jackets (not dress jackets or blazers) should hit you at the hip. It’s best if you wish to look balanced","d) Make sure your accessories (belt, tie, watch) are not too big. They need to be proportionate to your body! It’s really bad if your belt needs to go a few times around your waist","a) When it comes to shirts, slim fit shirts are a good friend. Sometimes normal-cut shirts are also great, it depends on your actual size. Remember: slim-fit, not skinny-fit","b) Wear flat-front pants. Wearing pants with pleats will give a lot of volume when you sit and will look out of place","c) If you are really thin, avoid skinny jeans or tapered pants. Instead, go for straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans","d) Thin men are some of the few guys on Earth who can wear a turtle neck and look good. V-necks are not recommended if you are too thin: they will make you look even thinner","f) When it comes to shoes, if you are thin and tall, don’t wear round-toed shoes. They will make you appear disproportioned. Instead, you can buy pointed or square-toed shoes to balance your silhouette","These tips are meant to make you look proportionate and feel good in your body! You can use these tips and see what works for you! Remember, some things might not work for you, maybe you are an in-between body type, but understanding these general guidelines will definitely make you look better. And, as we always say, when you look good, you feel good!","P.S. What issues do you face with your body type? What are your tips for slim body types? Share your feedback, questions or thoughts in the comments below! For more articles on style, fashion tips and cultural insights, don’t forget to subscribe to Attire Club via e-mail or follow us on Facebook or Twitter!","Tags beauty, body type, clothes, ectomorph, endomorph, fashion, fit, men, men`s fashion, mesomorph, shoulder pads, style, thin men, visual aesthetic","Thank you! I must keep in mind these pieces of advice. 🙂 I’m also looking for office outfits suggestions. 🙂","You can make a search on our looking for keywords such as “business casual”, “suits” or other interests you might have. For example, in the “How to create a versatile wardrobe (published Oct 29th)”, you can see a lot of suggestion and how to dress up or down a work suit.","these tips are amazing but do u have any tips for this summer because its going to be a hot one and when i wear short or something like that i get the idea that my legs ar just like chicken drop sticks 🙁","To answer your question, there are a few things you can do if you want your legs to appear less skinny.","First of all, you should always make sure that you are wearing clothes that fit you. Don’t wear bigger pants, you won’t look bigger and don’t wear smaller ones so that your legs appear bigger in them, you will look strangled and you won’t fool anyone.","1. Putting on a pair of pants that fits just right is the first step. Go with a pair that ends just at the half of your knee for a safe bet.","2. A second thing you can do is add a belt. Belts are great ways to frame your body. Wearing a belt will add structure to your appearance and will determine where your legs end. Setting these limits will make you look bigger.","3. Thirdly, you can wear socks, but make sure you follow a few rules! First of all, don’t wear knee-high socks, you’re not a scout in the 1960s, secondly make sure you pull them up right. Don’t wear socks with your sandals though! Take a look at this picture for example: http://style.mtv.com/wp- content/uploads/2011/09/time-weiland-men.jpg","4. Wear cuffed pants. Even if you are wearing shorts, they can have cuffs (as do the ones in the picture). These will, again, add structure to your look.","Don’t worry so much about your legs being thin, a lot of guys have them. Now you are in advantage because you know that structure is what will make them look better! You also know now how to achieve structure. You can use some or all of these elements: belt, socks, cuffs, fit.","As a tip, stay away from wearing suspenders or other vertical stripes. These will mimic your legs and emphasize their thinness. Instead, go for belts and solid colors, or big patterns!","I really laughed because i made all types of mistakes dressing up my body type, but I am also proud to have come at the same conclusions.","Thank you very much for the appreciation and the feedback! We are constantly working on improving our posts, so your comment is most welcome!","I am 23, normal skin, 6,1 and thin(However, i have good looks). Please suggest me the best outfit I can wear on my birthday. Your tips are extremely helpful and will surely implement it.","If you have knock knees, you should wear pants that have a bit of a flair. This way, you are not held too tightly by the pants and the knock knee is not that visible. Here’s a good example: http://www.1sewingpatterns.com/images0/8466bbur.jpg.","A relaxed cut, a straight cut or a boot cut jean would work best for you (as cataloged in the article).","Our advice is to make sure you feel comfortable in whatever you wear. If you stress too much about style over comfort, it will be visible, so make sure you opt for something you like stylewise and in which you feel comfortable.","hello thanks for the article it’s really helpful!! My BIGGEST Nightmare,is the white dress shirt i am very Thin Skinny Guy with kind of hourglass bodytype ,so how can i wear the white dress shirt and looking normal what should i do ?????","The main tip we can give you is that your shirt should fit your body frame well, regardless of what this is. You can go for a bigger size and have it tailored.","Also, make sure your shirt is tucked in your pants at your waist – some men make the mistake of pulling their pants to high up. Also,wearing a belt and matching shoes will make you more proportionate and structured, which is what you are going for.","Bringing you Attire Club for free takes hundreds of hours each month. If you find useful information and stimulation here, we would appreciate a donation of your choosing that will allow us to continue to expand and enhance our concept.","Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Cookie Policy"]},"parsed_md":"Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B) – Attire Club\nby Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nSkip to the content\n\nAttire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nThe complete men's style, fashion and lifestyle experience\n\nCategories\n\nBasic Style Guides Fashion Advice\n\n# Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B)\n\n * Post author By AttireClub\n * Post date September 20, 2013\n * 18 Comments on Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B)\n\nWe all try to look our best and often style advisers tell people to dress for\ntheir body type. But how do you know which boy type you have and what type of\nclothes go with each of the main body type?\n\nIn this guide, we are focusing on men who are lean and rather thin and offer a\nseries of practical advice you can put into practice the next time you are\ncreating an outfit.\n\n# The 3 body types\n\nLet’s start with understanding the three major body types. As you might know,\nthere are three major body types: ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph. Of\ncourse, there are tons of variations in between, and probably most men are\nactually in between. Some guys have a certain part bigger and certain part\nsmaller etc.\n\nThe three body types\n\n# Can you change your body type?\n\nWe did some research because we wanted to find out if you can actually change\nyour body type and found out that it’s not the body type that you can change,\nit’s something called the “body composition”. Meaning that your body type is\nbasically what you look like if you don’t work out or have a conscious\nlifestyle. But, if you are an endomorph trying to look like a mesomorph or an\nectomorph, you can achieve it by adjusting your workout and diet. It applies\nto all guys. For example, cardio is a very recommended workout, but for\nectomorphs it will actually result in muscle loss. So it’s best to know your\nbody type, do great research (we will also feature some tips on what\nactivities are best for your body type in the coming articles) and you will\nlook like in a different way, if that is what you wish!\n\nIn the mean time, we know that many thin men feel out of place, since skinny\nguys are not taken very seriously in our culture. Some women are crazy about\nthem, others seem to be envious that the dude is thinner than they are and\nsome people really don’t care.\n\n# Style tips\n\nWe have put together a list of fashion and style tips thin men can use in\norder to look their best!\n\nHere they are:\n\nJoseph Gordon-Levitt is a poster-guy for skinny men who dress well\n\n## Colors\n\na) Light colors make you look bigger, darker colors make you look smaller\n\nb) Vertical stripes make guys appear bigger\n\nc) Midsize patterns are best for thin guys. Big patterns are not that\nrecommended\n\nd) If your outfit has a single color, it will emphasize the fact that you are\nvery slim. Wearing different hues or colors will definitely make the outfit\nmore interesting\n\n## Fit\n\na) Whatever you do, make sure your clothes fit your frame! Many thin men try\nto appear bigger by wearing bulky clothes. Trust us, you will look great in\nfitted clothes\n\nJim Parsons looking great at the SAG awards. Notice how a well-fitting suit\nmakes a man with a thin frame look great!\n\nb) Try to be proportionate. Thin men can pull off shoulder pads quite well,\nbut make sure they are not too big, or else you risk to look disproportionate\n\nc) Casual jackets (not dress jackets or blazers) should hit you at the hip.\nIt’s best if you wish to look balanced\n\nd) Make sure your accessories (belt, tie, watch) are not too big. They need to\nbe proportionate to your body! It’s really bad if your belt needs to go a few\ntimes around your waist\n\ne) If you can’t find clothes that fit, get them in a bigger size and have them\ntailored down\n\n## Cut\n\na) When it comes to shirts, slim fit shirts are a good friend. Sometimes\nnormal-cut shirts are also great, it depends on your actual size. Remember:\nslim-fit, not skinny-fit\n\nb) Wear flat-front pants. Wearing pants with pleats will give a lot of volume\nwhen you sit and will look out of place\n\nc) If you are really thin, avoid skinny jeans or tapered pants. Instead, go\nfor straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans\n\nd) Thin men are some of the few guys on Earth who can wear a turtle neck and\nlook good. V-necks are not recommended if you are too thin: they will make you\nlook even thinner\n\ne) Double-breasted jackets are a great way of adding a layer of confidence\n\nf) When it comes to shoes, if you are thin and tall, don’t wear round-toed\nshoes. They will make you appear disproportioned. Instead, you can buy pointed\nor square-toed shoes to balance your silhouette\n\ng) Dress jackets should end just below your butt. Not longer, not shorter\n\nThese tips are meant to make you look proportionate and feel good in your\nbody! You can use these tips and see what works for you! Remember, some things\nmight not work for you, maybe you are an in-between body type, but\nunderstanding these general guidelines will definitely make you look better.\nAnd, as we always say, when you look good, you feel good!\n\nFraquoh and Franchomme\n\nP.S. What issues do you face with your body type? What are your tips for slim\nbody types? Share your feedback, questions or thoughts in the comments below!\nFor more articles on style, fashion tips and cultural insights, don’t forget\nto subscribe to Attire Club via e-mail or follow us on Facebook or Twitter!\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\n * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\n\n### Related\n\n * Tags beauty, body type, clothes, ectomorph, endomorph, fashion, fit, men, men`s fashion, mesomorph, shoulder pads, style, thin men, visual aesthetic\n\n## 18 replies on “Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?}\n(B)”\n\nBoldNTrendysays:\n\nSeptember 30, 2013 at 11:27 am\n\nReblogged this on BOLD AND TRENDY.\n\nReply\n\nSkinny :(says:\n\nOctober 29, 2013 at 10:10 am\n\nThank you! I must keep in mind these pieces of advice. 🙂 I’m also looking for\noffice outfits suggestions. 🙂\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nOctober 29, 2013 at 10:19 am\n\nHello!\n\nYou can make a search on our looking for keywords such as “business casual”,\n“suits” or other interests you might have. For example, in the “How to create\na versatile wardrobe (published Oct 29th)”, you can see a lot of suggestion\nand how to dress up or down a work suit.\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nharshsays:\n\nMarch 20, 2014 at 11:15 am\n\nit is very helpull....\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nMarch 20, 2014 at 11:16 am\n\nWe are glad you enjoyed it!\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nsjorsoossays:\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 11:19 am\n\nthese tips are amazing but do u have any tips for this summer because its\ngoing to be a hot one and when i wear short or something like that i get the\nidea that my legs ar just like chicken drop sticks 🙁\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 11:51 am\n\nHello! Thank you for the comment. We are glad you liked the tips!\n\nTo answer your question, there are a few things you can do if you want your\nlegs to appear less skinny.\n\nFirst of all, you should always make sure that you are wearing clothes that\nfit you. Don’t wear bigger pants, you won’t look bigger and don’t wear smaller\nones so that your legs appear bigger in them, you will look strangled and you\nwon’t fool anyone.\n\n1\\. Putting on a pair of pants that fits just right is the first step. Go with\na pair that ends just at the half of your knee for a safe bet.\n\n2\\. A second thing you can do is add a belt. Belts are great ways to frame\nyour body. Wearing a belt will add structure to your appearance and will\ndetermine where your legs end. Setting these limits will make you look bigger.\n\n3\\. Thirdly, you can wear socks, but make sure you follow a few rules! First\nof all, don’t wear knee-high socks, you’re not a scout in the 1960s, secondly\nmake sure you pull them up right. Don’t wear socks with your sandals though!\nTake a look at this picture for example: http://style.mtv.com/wp-\ncontent/uploads/2011/09/time-weiland-men.jpg\n\n4\\. Wear cuffed pants. Even if you are wearing shorts, they can have cuffs (as\ndo the ones in the picture). These will, again, add structure to your look.\n\nDon’t worry so much about your legs being thin, a lot of guys have them. Now\nyou are in advantage because you know that structure is what will make them\nlook better! You also know now how to achieve structure. You can use some or\nall of these elements: belt, socks, cuffs, fit.\n\nAs a tip, stay away from wearing suspenders or other vertical stripes. These\nwill mimic your legs and emphasize their thinness. Instead, go for belts and\nsolid colors, or big patterns!\n\nLet us know if you have any other questions, we’re always glad to help!\n\nHave a great summer!\n\nBest wishes,\n\nF&F\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nBougieHippiesays:\n\nJuly 23, 2014 at 3:46 pm\n\nAwesome tips. Now to get thin so I can use these tips.lol\n\nReply\n\nPetesays:\n\nOctober 13, 2014 at 1:09 pm\n\nI really laughed because i made all types of mistakes dressing up my body\ntype, but I am also proud to have come at the same conclusions.\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nOctober 13, 2014 at 1:10 pm\n\nWe’re glad to hear you improved your style!Great job, Pete, you’re making us\nproud!\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nAlansays:\n\nNovember 15, 2014 at 9:13 pm\n\nI think your blog would be even better if you put more pictures. Just saying.\nNice post btw!\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nNovember 15, 2014 at 10:10 pm\n\nHi Alan,\n\nThank you very much for the appreciation and the feedback! We are constantly\nworking on improving our posts, so your comment is most welcome!\n\nF&F\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nSiddharthsays:\n\nOctober 20, 2015 at 3:26 pm\n\nI am 23, normal skin, 6,1 and thin(However, i have good looks). Please suggest\nme the best outfit I can wear on my birthday. Your tips are extremely helpful\nand will surely implement it.\n\nReply\n\ndabirsays:\n\nJanuary 31, 2016 at 11:17 am\n\nI need tips about trousers for thin men with knock knees\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nFebruary 1, 2016 at 4:44 pm\n\nDear Dabir,\n\nThank you for the question.\n\nIf you have knock knees, you should wear pants that have a bit of a flair.\nThis way, you are not held too tightly by the pants and the knock knee is not\nthat visible. Here’s a good example:\nhttp://www.1sewingpatterns.com/images0/8466bbur.jpg.\n\nFor more on pants, take a look at these articles: The Different Types of Jeans\nCuts:\n\nA relaxed cut, a straight cut or a boot cut jean would work best for you (as\ncataloged in the article).\n\nThe Guide to Casual Pants:\n\nhttp://attireclub.org/2014/12/13/casual-pants/\n\nStyle Checklist: What to Look for When Buying Pants\n\nhttp://attireclub.org/2014/06/08/how-to-buy-pants/\n\nOur advice is to make sure you feel comfortable in whatever you wear. If you\nstress too much about style over comfort, it will be visible, so make sure you\nopt for something you like stylewise and in which you feel comfortable.\n\nLet us know if you have any other questions!\n\nYours,\n\nF&F\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nOthmansays:\n\nApril 27, 2016 at 1:27 pm\n\nhello thanks for the article it’s really helpful!! My BIGGEST Nightmare,is the\nwhite dress shirt i am very Thin Skinny Guy with kind of hourglass bodytype\n,so how can i wear the white dress shirt and looking normal what should i do\n?????\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nApril 27, 2016 at 1:52 pm\n\nDear Othman,\n\nThank you for the question. It’s hard to give advice without actually knowing\nwhat you look like.\n\nThe main tip we can give you is that your shirt should fit your body frame\nwell, regardless of what this is. You can go for a bigger size and have it\ntailored.\n\nYou cal also go for shirts that are tapered and see how it looks.\n\nA slim fit shirt in a medium size could also work, but it’s hard to tell from\na description!\n\nAlso, make sure your shirt is tucked in your pants at your waist – some men\nmake the mistake of pulling their pants to high up. Also,wearing a belt and\nmatching shoes will make you more proportionate and structured, which is what\nyou are going for.\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\n### Your Comment and Input Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n## SEARCH\n\n## ARCHIVES\n\n## INSIDE ATTIRE CLUB\n\n * GIFTS\n * New on AC\n * Style Guides\n * InCompany by Attire Club\n\n * Issue 12\n * Issue 13\n * Issue 14\n * Issue 15\n * Issue 16\n * Issue 17\n * Issue 18\n * Concept Store\n * Free E-Book\n * About Us\n * Consulting Services\n * Collaborators & Clients\n * Contact\n\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * AC Privacy Policy\n * InCompany by Attire Club Issue 18\n\n## Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * VK\n * Tumblr\n * Flickr\n * YouTube\n\n## DONATING = LOVING\n\nBringing you Attire Club for free takes hundreds of hours each month. If you\nfind useful information and stimulation here, we would appreciate a donation\nof your choosing that will allow us to continue to expand and enhance our\nconcept.\n\n## Our Websites\n\nOur Websites & Ventures:\n\nAttire Club InCompany by Attire Club Liev Arts Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nPrivacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website,\nyou agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies,\nsee here: Cookie Policy\n\n© 2020 Attire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nPowered by WordPress\n\nTo the top ↑ Up ↑\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418212240/http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/","parsed_text":{"title":"What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls","passages":["If you’re naturally slender it can be harder than you think to know which styles and clothes will best suit your shape. While many trends look great on slim figures there are some key items every skinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.","To find out more about how to dress if you’re thin, we spoke to leading fashion expert and TV host Nicky Hambleton-Jones to find out her styling secrets for slim line women, from adding curves in all the right places, to making the most of your slim shape it’s all right here...","You can add curves to your frame with peplum style dresses and tops. Bootleg jeans and pants are great on skinny women too as they give the body extra shape and dimension. Alternatively skinny jeans will obviously look fabulous.","Dresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls, straight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes","Wear horizontal stripes on the top half to give your body some added curves. Avoid wearing a lot of black as this can make you look slimmer than you are. Clothing with structure and a peplum top or dress can help give the illusion of a fuller figure. Wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines. A little ruffle can do wonders for a flat chest.","Fabrics with some structure are great for creating the illusion of curve, but you don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. If you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics are great but if you want to add curve to your frame then avoid them and go for something thicker like wool.","Belts should become your new best friend! Both thick and skinny belts paired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your tiny waist.","Thanks to Coco Chanel Breton stripes will never go out of fashion and they’re perfect for creating curves. Long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin upper arms, and boot cut pants are the perfect alternative to skinny jeans.","Look for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size and if you have a fuller bust look for supportive halter-neck tops. Again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust.","If you’re very slim and want to look more curvaceous then avoid clingy clothing, wearing lots of black in one go and don’t wear overly baggy clothing. Moreover, women with lean figure should avoid sleeveless tops as the appearance of shoulders are more thin. Go for 3⁄4 length or long sleeves.","Layering is a great way to give the illusion of curves, layer tops and accessorize with chunky scarves. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame.","Wearing long sleeves coupled with a waterfall blazer or jacket will draw attention away from the upper half of your body, especially when teamed with some bright shoes or pants. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some additional shape.","In the summer maxi-skirts are great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.","Skinny girls should prefer lower heels and Dark colored boots. Boots are generally long and they will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. At the same time, be sure that you avoid heavy shoes. Heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. Instead, wear the shoes which are light weight. The color will add weight to your legs and draw attention away from bony knees.","If you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then take a look at Keira Knightley, Miranda Kerr and Emma Stone- these slender celebrities are always well put together and really make the most of their figures.","Keep in mind, nobody is perfect, not even the supermodels and by applying some small tricks, you can feel more comfortable in your own skin and also gain some admiring glances. Don’t be afraid to experiment and play with textures, colors and designs to find those pieces of clothes that suit you best and give you confidence.","Hopefully, with the above conversation with useful tips, you will have less problems in choosing the best outfits to match your body type. Any other thoughts?","Okay wear ruffles?? Are you serious?? It makes me look like I’m some kind of taboo...as for the skinny jean issue, now that’s what I look good in, it all depends on the kind you buy nd how you dress it out on top...so skinny jeans work don’t discourage them just cause you don’t know how to pick them... Straight cut jeans?? Psssht! No offense but those are white tendencies a fashion don’t for skinny people aswell! #DONE","does this site hate skinny girls? Why should we basically hide our bodies? that doesn’t seem right. And I have big boobs and a big butt but long skinny legs and arms. Do all these still apply to me?","We do not hate skinny girls, rather we encourage them to live a healthy life style. Don’t you see those skinny fashion models who are striving for skinny figure. We hate those sort of attempt. By the way, you are not skinny as you say. So you are curvy, isn’t it?","Cool, I never knew that wearing horizontals could give one a curvier image. I agree with not wearing v necks; v necks does not work for me. This helped a lot. Thanks!! 🙂","This post and the above comment, posted by the author, are highly offensive to skinny girls. How dare the writer tell anyone what they can’t wear, or what isn’t made for them? Also, saying they “encourage them to live a healthy lifestyle.” Not every “skinny” or “thin” girl is unhealthy. That is completely incorrect and unessessary. The author should not write posts with discrimination and seeming envy of thin women.","I’m extremely skinny due to genetics as well as a thyroid condition and I take offense to this post. Who are these people to tell me what I can and can’t wear? I guess I’m supposed to dress like a nun for the rest of my life","For one I think the lady in the pic looks very nice with the sleevless top and skinny jeans she is wearing. This info can be taken as a guideline but definately not the rule for how slender women should dress. Eating healthy because you want to take care of yourself is not unhealthy what is unhealthy is not accepting one anther as we are. Fat, skinny, tall ,short ,black, white, pink, green ect. Americans are the one of the most unhealthy people in the world. We eat everything in sight don’t exercise take meds for everything, have surgery to try to perfect ourselves. If we would stop catagorizing people we would all be much happier.","I am so skinny and this is not offensive. Get over your selves! And stop getting so offended by every little thing lol! And if you are extremely offended then stop reading.This post has been helpful for skinny people that battle to find the right clothing.","The above tips are very helpful. I wonder why some.girks found it offensive.That just means they are not comfortable in their own bodies","We are, I am anyway. These posts about being skinny tells girls they’re unattractive because they’re skinny, by saying men dont find it appealing and by saying its unhealthy when it isnt always true. I was born thin, but I’m still shapely and curves and I’m not unhealthy and I get compliments all the time when according to this I’m “disgusting” “like a model”. So this site just skinny shames girls and makes them feel insecure. No one should be shaming anyone.","I was born skinny, and all of you internet people say being skinny is unhealthy and its ugly and shit. Well stop, because its not about being too skinny or too fat. You guys only want perfect looking figures. You want it to be a toned stomach, toned legs and all of that. WELL WE WERE ALL BORN DIFFERENT SO ACCEPT IT!","I am very thin. 5’4′′ and 101 lbs. I hate it, hard to find clothes that fit etc. I have to wear a padded rear end and bra and still get comments about it all the time. However, I can look really good in clothes that do fit. I love all the positive advice about fashion and all. It’s helpful even if I don’t agree about everything. There’s no reason for negativity here. They’re just trying to help. Take it or leave it just don’t ridicule good intentions. No one is trying to be insulting, just helpful."]},"parsed_md":"What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls - Living Fit\n\nLifestyle\n\n# What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls\n\n9 years ago\n\n13 Comments\n\n17,920 Views\n\nIf you’re naturally slender it can be harder than you think to know which\nstyles and clothes will best suit your shape. While many trends look great on\nslim figures there are some key items every skinny woman should invest in and\nsome fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\n\nTo find out more about how to dress if you’re thin, we spoke to leading\nfashion expert and TV host Nicky Hambleton-Jones to find out her styling\nsecrets for slim line women, from adding curves in all the right places, to\nmaking the most of your slim shape it’s all right here...\n\nIf you’re skinny what kinds of dresses, tops and pants should you wear?\n\nYou can add curves to your frame with peplum style dresses and tops. Bootleg\njeans and pants are great on skinny women too as they give the body extra\nshape and dimension. Alternatively skinny jeans will obviously look fabulous.\n\nDresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls,\nstraight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\n\nAre there any style shortcuts to making you look more curvy when you’re very\nslim?\n\nWear horizontal stripes on the top half to give your body some added curves.\nAvoid wearing a lot of black as this can make you look slimmer than you are.\nClothing with structure and a peplum top or dress can help give the illusion\nof a fuller figure. Wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines. A little\nruffle can do wonders for a flat chest.\n\nWhat kinds of fabrics are most flattering when you’re slim?\n\nFabrics with some structure are great for creating the illusion of curve, but\nyou don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. If you\nwant to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics are great but if you want\nto add curve to your frame then avoid them and go for something thicker like\nwool.\n\nPleats, layers, belts, textured fabrics are good options to accentuate your\nsilhouette\n\nCan you recommend any accessories that can help make you look fuller figured?\n\nBelts should become your new best friend! Both thick and skinny belts paired\nover a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your\ntiny waist.\n\nStyle inspiration Trends come and go but what style staples should every\nskinny woman have in their wardrobe?\n\nThanks to Coco Chanel Breton stripes will never go out of fashion and they’re\nperfect for creating curves. Long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin\nupper arms, and boot cut pants are the perfect alternative to skinny jeans.\n\nWhat about beachwear – what style swimwear will flatter skinny women and make\nthem feel more feminine?\n\nLook for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the\nillusion of a fuller cup size and if you have a fuller bust look for\nsupportive halter-neck tops. Again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion\nof a fuller bust.\n\nPlay with colors, prints, ruffles, layers, and other elements for adding\nvolumes\n\nWhat are the style no-no’s when you are very slim?\n\nIf you’re very slim and want to look more curvaceous then avoid clingy\nclothing, wearing lots of black in one go and don’t wear overly baggy\nclothing. Moreover, women with lean figure should avoid sleeveless tops as the\nappearance of shoulders are more thin. Go for 3⁄4 length or long sleeves.\n\nDo you have any other style advice for slim women?\n\nLayering is a great way to give the illusion of curves, layer tops and\naccessorize with chunky scarves. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means\nto hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually\naccentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame.\n\nWhat is the best way to hide scrawny arms?\n\nWearing long sleeves coupled with a waterfall blazer or jacket will draw\nattention away from the upper half of your body, especially when teamed with\nsome bright shoes or pants. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some\nadditional shape.\n\nHigh Sleek Boots for thin legged women\n\nWhat is the best way to hide skinny legs?\n\nIn the summer maxi-skirts are great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the\nsame time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.\n\nAny footwear preference for Skinny Legs?\n\nSkinny girls should prefer lower heels and Dark colored boots. Boots are\ngenerally long and they will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. At the\nsame time, be sure that you avoid heavy shoes. Heavy shoes will make your legs\nlook even thinner. Instead, wear the shoes which are light weight. The color\nwill add weight to your legs and draw attention away from bony knees.\n\nIf you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then\ntake a look at Keira Knightley, Miranda Kerr and Emma Stone- these slender\ncelebrities are always well put together and really make the most of their\nfigures.\n\nKeira Knightley with her “too” skinny shape, but still always looks good and\ngorgeous with dresses and skirts\n\nKeep in mind, nobody is perfect, not even the supermodels and by applying some\nsmall tricks, you can feel more comfortable in your own skin and also gain\nsome admiring glances. Don’t be afraid to experiment and play with textures,\ncolors and designs to find those pieces of clothes that suit you best and give\nyou confidence.\n\nHopefully, with the above conversation with useful tips, you will have less\nproblems in choosing the best outfits to match your body type. Any other\nthoughts?\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterestLinkedIn\n\n### You may also like\n\nMotivation\n\n## A Look at John Cena’s Road to Recovery for Hell...\n\nYoga\n\n## 30 Min Vinyasa Yoga for Strength & Flexibility\n\nMotivation\n\n## Amazing 175 Pounds Weight Loss Transformation- Meet...\n\nWorkout\n\n## Deadlift: The King Of Mass-Builders?\n\nWorkout\n\n## IFBB Pro Victor Martinez Demonstrates Best Leg Workouts\n\nLifestyle\n\n## Ladies Fitness Fashion- Workout Gears From Gym To...\n\n### 13 Comments\n\n * MisS A says:\n\nFeb 19, 2013 at 9:28 am\n\nOkay wear ruffles?? Are you serious?? It makes me look like I’m some kind of\ntaboo...as for the skinny jean issue, now that’s what I look good in, it all\ndepends on the kind you buy nd how you dress it out on top...so skinny jeans\nwork don’t discourage them just cause you don’t know how to pick them...\nStraight cut jeans?? Psssht! No offense but those are white tendencies a\nfashion don’t for skinny people aswell! #DONE\n\nReply\n\n * Josie says:\n\nApr 29, 2013 at 1:43 pm\n\ndoes this site hate skinny girls? Why should we basically hide our bodies?\nthat doesn’t seem right. And I have big boobs and a big butt but long skinny\nlegs and arms. Do all these still apply to me?\n\nReply\n\n * Ironlifter says:\n\nApr 30, 2013 at 12:49 am\n\nWe do not hate skinny girls, rather we encourage them to live a healthy life\nstyle. Don’t you see those skinny fashion models who are striving for skinny\nfigure. We hate those sort of attempt. By the way, you are not skinny as you\nsay. So you are curvy, isn’t it?\n\nReply\n\n * Tramanh says:\n\nJun 9, 2013 at 7:36 am\n\nCool, I never knew that wearing horizontals could give one a curvier image. I\nagree with not wearing v necks; v necks does not work for me. This helped a\nlot. Thanks!! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Isabella says:\n\nAug 24, 2013 at 5:38 am\n\nThis post and the above comment, posted by the author, are highly offensive to\nskinny girls. How dare the writer tell anyone what they can’t wear, or what\nisn’t made for them? Also, saying they “encourage them to live a healthy\nlifestyle.” Not every “skinny” or “thin” girl is unhealthy. That is completely\nincorrect and unessessary. The author should not write posts with\ndiscrimination and seeming envy of thin women.\n\nReply\n\n * Priya says:\n\nSep 8, 2013 at 2:41 pm\n\nskinny girls are just skinny, not necessarily unhealthy. stop discriminating.\n\nReply\n\n * amanda says:\n\nSep 19, 2013 at 12:07 am\n\nI’m extremely skinny due to genetics as well as a thyroid condition and I take\noffense to this post. Who are these people to tell me what I can and can’t\nwear? I guess I’m supposed to dress like a nun for the rest of my life\n\nReply\n\n * finepic says:\n\nOct 13, 2013 at 10:23 am\n\nFor one I think the lady in the pic looks very nice with the sleevless top and\nskinny jeans she is wearing. This info can be taken as a guideline but\ndefinately not the rule for how slender women should dress. Eating healthy\nbecause you want to take care of yourself is not unhealthy what is unhealthy\nis not accepting one anther as we are. Fat, skinny, tall ,short ,black, white,\npink, green ect. Americans are the one of the most unhealthy people in the\nworld. We eat everything in sight don’t exercise take meds for everything,\nhave surgery to try to perfect ourselves. If we would stop catagorizing people\nwe would all be much happier.\n\nReply\n\n * Natalie says:\n\nJan 8, 2014 at 3:38 am\n\nI am so skinny and this is not offensive. Get over your selves! And stop\ngetting so offended by every little thing lol! And if you are extremely\noffended then stop reading.This post has been helpful for skinny people that\nbattle to find the right clothing.\n\nReply\n\n * Deannah says:\n\nAug 6, 2015 at 7:24 pm\n\nThe above tips are very helpful. I wonder why some.girks found it\noffensive.That just means they are not comfortable in their own bodies\n\nReply\n\n * This site needs to be removed says:\n\nOct 25, 2015 at 8:56 pm\n\nWe are, I am anyway. These posts about being skinny tells girls they’re\nunattractive because they’re skinny, by saying men dont find it appealing and\nby saying its unhealthy when it isnt always true. I was born thin, but I’m\nstill shapely and curves and I’m not unhealthy and I get compliments all the\ntime when according to this I’m “disgusting” “like a model”. So this site just\nskinny shames girls and makes them feel insecure. No one should be shaming\nanyone.\n\nReply\n\n * Doesn't matter says:\n\nSep 16, 2015 at 3:56 am\n\nI was born skinny, and all of you internet people say being skinny is\nunhealthy and its ugly and shit. Well stop, because its not about being too\nskinny or too fat. You guys only want perfect looking figures. You want it to\nbe a toned stomach, toned legs and all of that. WELL WE WERE ALL BORN\nDIFFERENT SO ACCEPT IT!\n\nReply\n\n * Renee Lee says:\n\nJun 27, 2016 at 1:00 pm\n\nI am very thin. 5’4′′ and 101 lbs. I hate it, hard to find clothes that fit\netc. I have to wear a padded rear end and bra and still get comments about it\nall the time. However, I can look really good in clothes that do fit. I love\nall the positive advice about fashion and all. It’s helpful even if I don’t\nagree about everything. There’s no reason for negativity here. They’re just\ntrying to help. Take it or leave it just don’t ridicule good intentions. No\none is trying to be insulting, just helpful.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment X\n\n© LivingFit 2015. Designed by ottoman.\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Disclaimer\n * Advertise\n * Write For Us\n * Contact\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-2/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060837/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-2/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Finding the right outfits and accessories for thin, skinny girl is actually much easier than for those who have curves and weight. Thanks to the fashion industry who creates such “skinnier is better” images by always bringing those skinny models to showcase their fashion staples. And by this, it means there are plenty of fashion choices out there for you to pull off just exactly like those models. So, be grateful with your slender body, and always be confident with that\",\n \"These tips are probably useless if you think your thinness is fine. If you don’t have problem with your body silhouette, then you can just wear anything you want. Many fashion pictorials show that being skinny is not a big deal since we can wear as many types of outfits as we want.\",\n \"On the other hand, if you still have problem with self-esteem linked to your skinny frame, let’s continue last article, “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 1)“, on how and what to fashion the thin figure.\",\n \"Right colors and prints Colors: Bright and light colors like vibrant shades and pastels are great to create volume as well to give a fashionable, feminine touch into the look. Don’t be shy about wearing bright colors and dare to wear red or yellow if you have the right coloring. Avoid monochromatic outfits, while attires with various colors such as color block or tone-on-tone are strongly recommended.\",\n \"If you want to look wider, the best trick is to opt for outfits that split up your body at the center line, creating two halves by distinctive colors. Wear more than one color combination and play them with contrast. For example wear light tops and dark bottoms or vice versa.\",\n \"Diagonal silhouette is a great bet to create wider frame, which can be produced by pairing pieces in contrasting colors\",\n \"Prints: Heavy prints look great on skinny figure, so go for big and colorful motifs to achieve the illusion of fullness. Avoid vertical lines, and opt for horizontal or diagonal stripes instead such as the navy patterns. Both horizontal and diagonal patterns can add curves to your body, promising wider appearance either with blouses, dresses, trousers or skirts.\",\n \"Right fabrics Fabrics with some structure and textures such as knits, denim, leather, tweed, corduroy, and thick lace are great for creating the illusion of curve, but you also don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. So, go with heavy fabrics or even layers, but make sure the fabrics are soft and flexible enough to keep you comfortable and less bulky.\",\n \"If you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics like silk, cotton, linen, and satin are great to try, but if you want to add curve then avoid them and go for something thicker. You can try playing with contrast, for example team a silk blouse with jeans or a plain cotton tee shirt with linen trousers or a satin skirt. Knit shirt-dresses, often made of acrylic or heavy cotton blends, can also help you look curvier.\",\n \"Right accessories and footwear Choosing the right accessories and footwear surely can highlight your strengths including your slender figure, elegant neck and lean legs. Number of fashion pieces like belts, scarves, and jewelries are definitely a good bet for accentuating your skinny figure.\",\n \"Belts: besides giving formal touch into your look, both thick and skinny belts paired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your tiny waist. If you have no waist, go for wide belts in bright colors, and if your waist is small, try out some beautiful original belts.\",\n \"Scarves: knowing how to tie your scarf may also change the overall look. Especially for those with a thin, long neck, scarves and shawls suit well because they add volume and divert attention away from your figure. If you have very thin arms, wear a little scarf knotted around your neck rather than contrasting a thick shawl with thin arms. A smartly chosen chunky scarf can also hide a longer neck and will add some personal touch to your style.\",\n \"Jewelries: these sparkling accessories can do more to your appearance. Other than scarves, necklaces can also add weight and dimension to your thin, long neck. Wear those low and big, beaded necklaces and combine it with round neckline of your top to achieve much fuller neck. Choose the colorful ones, do some color-blocking for a more striking statement.\",\n \"Bracelets and bangles – wooden or metal – that strike as you pass by are the major attention grabbers, and they can add curves too. Wear several on your wrist to jazz up a dull outfit or give it an ethnic look. If your wrists are really tiny, bangles give an illusion of volume and of softness. Be careful not to go too bling, though!\",\n \"Footwear: skinny women should prefer wearing lower heels or flats with impressive style. If you want to wear heels or wedges instead, the height should be kept to a minimum, or you can play with colors, sparks, and appliques for adding weight to your legs and for drawing attention away from the bony knees. Heels and wedges will actually produce much taller figure to thin women, making them as gorgeous as supermodels. It basically depends on your confidence.\",\n \"Pick the right boots based on its weight and design. Boots are generally long and will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. However, be sure to avoid heavy shoes, because light weight shoes will give balance to your silhouette, while heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. When choosing a pair of tall boots, opt for narrow calf boots or knee-high sleek boots that fit well around your ultra-skinny calves. Your tall boots are not supposed to gape around the calf area, although sometimes slouchy boot styles are easier to fit because the gaping works with the relaxed vibe of the boots.\",\n \"Best Haircut for Skinny Girl No matter what your hair color, your hair style matters a lot and adds great charm to your appearance. For those who are skinny and have a long, thin neck, your goal is to add volumes and curves in your hair. The more style you add to your hair, the more beautiful you will appear. Medium length or short-bob, wavier or chunkier hairstyles, those will look best and add feminine flair to the skinny figure. Not to mention, long bangs, curls, layers, and angles also flatter.\",\n \"However, the wrong kind of hairdo can be particularly upsetting to the sleek balance of your body and make you look like you might topple over at any moment. So, don’t go too big-haired or your hair will look disproportionate to your body. Also avoid too long, too straight and sleek hair as it only emphasizes your thinness. Too short or spiky hair can also look masculine on a boyish figure, while hair locks, bun, puffs, plats, etc. are the many types that can be molded in a thousand different ways. You may even give your hair some new color. Ask your hairstylist for more ideas and suggestions.\",\n \"Right swimsuit Lucky for those with thin figure that they have body to wear those chic ruffled and colored tops that are so hot right now, so go for it. But if your bust is really flat, look for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size. Cute, flattering designs like the bandeau top, demi-bra style, Brazilian two-piece swimwear make the most of a beautiful, dainty, bust line.\",\n \"If you’re into swimming, wear one piece instead, and avoid swimwear with too many details and too much fabric, also make sure your supportive bra fits well and comes with adjustable straps. As for prints and colors, again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust, even you are still allowed to play with other numerous bright colors and prints as fun as you like.\",\n \"Finally, if you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then take a look at these images featuring fashion campaigns and styles for skinny women. Just remember to always show off your best assets and conceal the others, that you are aiming for a balanced silhouette and to be confident no matter what shape your body is.\",\n \"She brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one- on-one session with her beloved clients.\",\n \"April 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 1| 2| 3| 4 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 26| 27| 28| 29| 30\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)\\n\\nGorgeous & BeautifulEasy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas.\\n\\nShopping Cart 0 items - $0.00 0\\n\\n# Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)\\n\\n### Address\\n\\n143 W Street Name, New York, NY 10014\\n\\nPhone: +1(800)123-4588\\n\\nEmail: info@yoursite.com\\n\\n### Follow Me\\n\\nFashion Tips May 30, 2013 0Comments\\n\\nFinding the right outfits and accessories for thin, skinny girl is actually\\nmuch easier than for those who have curves and weight. Thanks to the fashion\\nindustry who creates such “skinnier is better” images by always bringing those\\nskinny models to showcase their fashion staples. And by this, it means there\\nare plenty of fashion choices out there for you to pull off just exactly like\\nthose models. So, be grateful with your slender body, and always be confident\\nwith that\\n\\nThese tips are probably useless if you think your thinness is fine. If you\\ndon’t have problem with your body silhouette, then you can just wear anything\\nyou want. Many fashion pictorials show that being skinny is not a big deal\\nsince we can wear as many types of outfits as we want.\\n\\nOn the other hand, if you still have problem with self-esteem linked to your\\nskinny frame, let’s continue last article, “Fashion Tips and Style If You are\\na Skinny Girl (Part 1)“, on how and what to fashion the thin figure.\\n\\nPlaying with vibrant shades and prints can be the most fun part for those with\\nthin frame\\n\\nRight colors and prints Colors: Bright and light colors like vibrant shades\\nand pastels are great to create volume as well to give a fashionable, feminine\\ntouch into the look. Don’t be shy about wearing bright colors and dare to wear\\nred or yellow if you have the right coloring. Avoid monochromatic outfits,\\nwhile attires with various colors such as color block or tone-on-tone are\\nstrongly recommended.\\n\\nIf you want to look wider, the best trick is to opt for outfits that split up\\nyour body at the center line, creating two halves by distinctive colors. Wear\\nmore than one color combination and play them with contrast. For example wear\\nlight tops and dark bottoms or vice versa.\\n\\nDiagonal silhouette is a great bet to create wider frame, which can be\\nproduced by pairing pieces in contrasting colors\\n\\nPrints: Heavy prints look great on skinny figure, so go for big and colorful\\nmotifs to achieve the illusion of fullness. Avoid vertical lines, and opt for\\nhorizontal or diagonal stripes instead such as the navy patterns. Both\\nhorizontal and diagonal patterns can add curves to your body, promising wider\\nappearance either with blouses, dresses, trousers or skirts.\\n\\nRight fabrics Fabrics with some structure and textures such as knits, denim,\\nleather, tweed, corduroy, and thick lace are great for creating the illusion\\nof curve, but you also don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame\\nlook rigid. So, go with heavy fabrics or even layers, but make sure the\\nfabrics are soft and flexible enough to keep you comfortable and less bulky.\\n\\nIf you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics like silk, cotton,\\nlinen, and satin are great to try, but if you want to add curve then avoid\\nthem and go for something thicker. You can try playing with contrast, for\\nexample team a silk blouse with jeans or a plain cotton tee shirt with linen\\ntrousers or a satin skirt. Knit shirt-dresses, often made of acrylic or heavy\\ncotton blends, can also help you look curvier.\\n\\nRight accessories and footwear Choosing the right accessories and footwear\\nsurely can highlight your strengths including your slender figure, elegant\\nneck and lean legs. Number of fashion pieces like belts, scarves, and\\njewelries are definitely a good bet for accentuating your skinny figure.\\n\\nPleats, layers, belts, textured fabrics are good options to accentuate your\\nsilhouette\\n\\nBelts: besides giving formal touch into your look, both thick and skinny belts\\npaired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate\\nyour tiny waist. If you have no waist, go for wide belts in bright colors, and\\nif your waist is small, try out some beautiful original belts.\\n\\nScarves: knowing how to tie your scarf may also change the overall look.\\nEspecially for those with a thin, long neck, scarves and shawls suit well\\nbecause they add volume and divert attention away from your figure. If you\\nhave very thin arms, wear a little scarf knotted around your neck rather than\\ncontrasting a thick shawl with thin arms. A smartly chosen chunky scarf can\\nalso hide a longer neck and will add some personal touch to your style.\\n\\nAbuse scarf or jewelry such as necklace to give a fuller effect on your neck\\n\\nJewelries: these sparkling accessories can do more to your appearance. Other\\nthan scarves, necklaces can also add weight and dimension to your thin, long\\nneck. Wear those low and big, beaded necklaces and combine it with round\\nneckline of your top to achieve much fuller neck. Choose the colorful ones, do\\nsome color-blocking for a more striking statement.\\n\\nBracelets and bangles – wooden or metal – that strike as you pass by are the\\nmajor attention grabbers, and they can add curves too. Wear several on your\\nwrist to jazz up a dull outfit or give it an ethnic look. If your wrists are\\nreally tiny, bangles give an illusion of volume and of softness. Be careful\\nnot to go too bling, though!\\n\\nFootwear: skinny women should prefer wearing lower heels or flats with\\nimpressive style. If you want to wear heels or wedges instead, the height\\nshould be kept to a minimum, or you can play with colors, sparks, and\\nappliques for adding weight to your legs and for drawing attention away from\\nthe bony knees. Heels and wedges will actually produce much taller figure to\\nthin women, making them as gorgeous as supermodels. It basically depends on\\nyour confidence.\\n\\nHigh Sleek Boots for thin legged women\\n\\nPick the right boots based on its weight and design. Boots are generally long\\nand will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. However, be sure to avoid\\nheavy shoes, because light weight shoes will give balance to your silhouette,\\nwhile heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. When choosing a pair\\nof tall boots, opt for narrow calf boots or knee-high sleek boots that fit\\nwell around your ultra-skinny calves. Your tall boots are not supposed to gape\\naround the calf area, although sometimes slouchy boot styles are easier to fit\\nbecause the gaping works with the relaxed vibe of the boots.\\n\\nHaircuts and styles for thin face and long neck\\n\\nBest Haircut for Skinny Girl No matter what your hair color, your hair style\\nmatters a lot and adds great charm to your appearance. For those who are\\nskinny and have a long, thin neck, your goal is to add volumes and curves in\\nyour hair. The more style you add to your hair, the more beautiful you will\\nappear. Medium length or short-bob, wavier or chunkier hairstyles, those will\\nlook best and add feminine flair to the skinny figure. Not to mention, long\\nbangs, curls, layers, and angles also flatter.\\n\\nHowever, the wrong kind of hairdo can be particularly upsetting to the sleek\\nbalance of your body and make you look like you might topple over at any\\nmoment. So, don’t go too big-haired or your hair will look disproportionate to\\nyour body. Also avoid too long, too straight and sleek hair as it only\\nemphasizes your thinness. Too short or spiky hair can also look masculine on a\\nboyish figure, while hair locks, bun, puffs, plats, etc. are the many types\\nthat can be molded in a thousand different ways. You may even give your hair\\nsome new color. Ask your hairstylist for more ideas and suggestions.\\n\\nDesigns of swimwear best suited for skinny women\\n\\nRight swimsuit Lucky for those with thin figure that they have body to wear\\nthose chic ruffled and colored tops that are so hot right now, so go for it.\\nBut if your bust is really flat, look for tops with padding, under wiring and\\na triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size. Cute, flattering\\ndesigns like the bandeau top, demi-bra style, Brazilian two-piece swimwear\\nmake the most of a beautiful, dainty, bust line.\\n\\nIf you’re into swimming, wear one piece instead, and avoid swimwear with too\\nmany details and too much fabric, also make sure your supportive bra fits well\\nand comes with adjustable straps. As for prints and colors, again, horizontal\\nstripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust, even you are still allowed to\\nplay with other numerous bright colors and prints as fun as you like.\\n\\nFinally, if you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim\\nshape then take a look at these images featuring fashion campaigns and styles\\nfor skinny women. Just remember to always show off your best assets and\\nconceal the others, that you are aiming for a balanced silhouette and to be\\nconfident no matter what shape your body is.\\n\\nSheen and Heavy Prints for adding weight and dimension on slim figure\\n\\nStreet Fashion Style for Skinny Women\\n\\nTags: fashion tips for skinny girlsskinny outfits\\n\\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\\n\\n##### About Me\\n\\nShe brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one-\\non-one session with her beloved clients.\\n\\n##### Categories\\n\\n * Accessories\\n\\n * Bags\\n * Eyewear\\n * Jewelries\\n * Scarves\\n * Shoes\\n * Tights and Socks\\n * Beauty Tips\\n\\n * Beauty Collection\\n * Hairstyles\\n * Fashion Tips\\n\\n * How To Wear\\n * Petite Fashion\\n * Plus Size\\n * Get the Look\\n\\n * Street Fashion\\n * LookBook\\n\\n * Campaigns\\n * Runways\\n\\n * London\\n * Milan\\n * New York\\n * Paris\\n * Shopping Tips\\n * Trend\\n\\n * Lingerie\\n * Style\\n * Swimwear\\n * Wedding\\n\\n##### Calendar\\n\\nApril 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n1| 2| 3| 4 \\n5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 \\n12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 \\n19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 \\n26| 27| 28| 29| 30 \\n \\n##### Recent Posts\\n\\n###### Cocktail Dresses for Party : Easy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas\\n\\n###### What to Wear to Spring Wedding – Transitional Weather Fashion Tips\\n\\n###### How to Wear A Little (Black, White, Red) Dress – Simple and Easy\\n\\n## Address\\n\\n143 W Street Name, NY 10014 +1 (800) 123-4588\\n\\n## Menu\\n\\n * About\\n * Services\\n * Blog\\n * Contacts\\n\\n## Follow Me\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Instagram\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n\\n## Newsletter\\n\\nGorgeautiful © 2012 All rights reserved. Terms of use and Privacy Policy\\n\\nget in touch\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916035104/http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you’re one of those guys who can eat everything in sight without putting on an ounce or work out at the gym without bulking up, you will benefit from these ten fashion tips for skinny men. Before you head out for the mall, go through your closet and pull out anything that emphasizes your slight frame.\",\n \"Avoid anything oversized. Skinny men should take this fashion tip and stop wearing anything too big or bulky. It only makes you look like a boy playing dress-up in Dad’s clothes.\",\n \"Wear small shoulder pads to balance out your narrow frame. Not wearing shoulder pads may emphasize your narrow shoulders, but if you’re a skinny man, another fashion tip is to avoid shoulder pads that are too big. They’ll just make you look out of proportion.\",\n \"Jackets should hit you at the hip. Anything longer will make you look like an ostrich with too much body and toothpick legs. Shorter will make you look like a pre-pubescent boy.\",\n \"Another fashion tip for skinny men is to only wear flat-front pants. The puckers from pleats will give you unsightly, unnatural bulges when you sit.\",\n \"Avoid pinstripes—especially in pants. Skinny men should follow this top ten fashion tip if they don’t want to look like a pole.\",\n \"To look well-proportioned, wear straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans. Stay away from skinny jeans or tapered pants that emphasize toothpick legs and no rear.\",\n \"When weather allows, wear turtleneck sweaters. A V-neck sweater will give you a crane-like appearance, drawing attention to your skinniness.\",\n \"Select spread collared dress shirts. The wider spread will give the appearance of wider shoulders. This is an important fashion tip for skinny men who want to climb the corporate ladder.\",\n \"Opt for layers. In addition to being practical for comfort, this top ten fashion tip for skinny men can actually give you the well proportioned look you want.\",\n \"Avoid wearing a belt that is too big. Nothing says “skinny” louder than a belt that you can wrap twice around your waist or hip.\",\n \"All ten fashion tips for skinny men are formulated to make you look well- proportioned and confident in your appearance. Everything should fit, so you can focus on being your fabulous self.\",\n \"Any guy under the average height of 5'9\\\" to 5'10\\\" should heed these ten fashion tips for short men. No ...\",\n \"If you’re feeling a little lost as far as what to wear, welcome to this awesome list of 10 body shape fashion tips ...\",\n \"Follow these 10 fashion tips for men with broad shoulders so you can dress to impress. Broad shoulders are no ...\",\n \"Learn about 10 edgy fashion tips for men. While women are offered fashion advice on every corner, men don't have the ...\",\n \"If your idea of a casual look is sweat pants and a t-shirt, you're in dire need of the top 10 casual fashion tips fo ...\",\n \"Tall guys you may think you have fashion figured out, but take a moment to read these ten fashion tips for tall men. For ...\",\n \"If you’re a youthful guy and want to look pulled together and stylish, follow these 10 fashion tips for young ...\",\n \"Follow these 10 winter fashion tips for men to know to wear when the weather gets cold. When it's chilly out and all ...\",\n \"Looking for fashion tips for men in their 30’s? Unlike many women who understand the rules of fashion, men sometim ...\",\n \"The following 10 fashion tips for men’s shoes will answer some of the nagging questions you may have, but don&rsqu; ...\",\n \"Five style tips for straight boyish figures does not include padded shoulders or bulky sweaters. These are ploys easily ...\",\n \"By keeping some basic guidelines in mind, you can learn about 5 great fashion tips for men. No matter what your age, goo ...\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men | Made Man\\n\\n# Inside Style\\n\\n * Clothing\\n * Grooming\\n * Home\\n * Shoes & Accessories\\n * Body Modification\\n\\n# Recent Articles\\n\\n# These Board Shorts Look Awesome—and Won’t Blind Your Friends\\n\\n# 25 Definitive Quotes on Men’s Style\\n\\n# What Your Underwear Tells Her About You\\n\\n# 11 Instagram Lessons in How to Rock the Pocket Square\\n\\n# Inside Food & Drink\\n\\n * Mixology\\n * Dining\\n * Beer & Wine\\n * Cooking\\n * Grilling & BBQ\\n\\n# Recent Articles\\n\\n# How to Identify Every Favorite Cut of Steak Ever\\n\\n# Guys, Please Stop Overcooking Your Steaks\\n\\n# 25 Bacon Porn Photos to Make Your Day\\n\\n# 5 Drinks You Should Never Buy a Woman\\n\\n# Inside Entertainment\\n\\n * Celebrities\\n * Movies & TV\\n * Travel\\n * Nightlife\\n * Sports\\n\\n# Recent Articles\\n\\n# 10 Tell-Tale Signs You're an American Traveling Abroad\\n\\n# 6 of the Most Haunted Airbnb Homes Most Wouldn't Dare to Stay\\n\\n# 8 Patriotic Songs That Instill Us With American Pride\\n\\n# Randy Moss Is Still Flying\\n\\n# Inside Tech & Gear\\n\\n * Cool Gadgets\\n * Internet & Apps\\n * Rides\\n * Tech & Innovation\\n\\n# Recent Articles\\n\\n# Climb Inside This 13-Foot Mech Suit\\n\\n# Must-Have Gear to Transform Any Parking Lot into a Tailgate Party\\n\\n# Breathtaking Mods Prove the Indian Scout Bobber Is Equal Parts Versatile and\\nBadass\\n\\n# Test Driving the Vanderhall Venice Completely Changed Our Minds About\\n3-Wheelers\\n\\n# Inside Lifestyle\\n\\n * Sexuality\\n * Fitness\\n * Healthy Living\\n * Fatherhood\\n * Finances\\n\\n# Recent Articles\\n\\n# Science Says These Are the Secrets to Being More Intense Lovers\\n\\n# This Kickass Workout Will Leave Her Staring at Your Butt\\n\\n# Study Says Women Twice as Likely to Lose Interest in Sex—Keep Yours Hot With\\nThese 9 Steamy Positions For Mind-Blowing Oral Sex\\n\\n# Randy Moss Is Still Flying\\n\\n# Inside News\\n\\n * Trending\\n * Politics\\n * Business\\n * Entertainment\\n * Sports\\n\\n# Recent Articles\\n\\n# 6 Ways You Can Help Victims of Hurricane Harvey\\n\\n# MK-Ultra, Lies and LSD: Did the CIA Secretly Murder One of Its Own\\nScientists?\\n\\n# Los Angeles Goes Nuts Over Fake Conor McGregor\\n\\n# Science Says Women Are Happier With Men Who Are Less Attractive Than They\\nAre\\n\\n# More About Women\\n\\n * What Women Want\\n * More Women\\n * Women We Admire\\n * Dating & Relationships\\n * Chickipedia\\n\\n# 7 Gestures Women Find Incredibly Irresistible\\n\\n# Sarah Huckabee Sanders Dropped a Whopper, but It’s Not One of the 7 Lies All\\nWomen Tell\\n\\n# Things Men Do That Really Turn Women Off\\n\\n# The Most Dangerous and Deadly Women the World Has Ever Known\\n\\n# Inside Video\\n\\n * 60-Second Happy Hour\\n * The Donnelly Show\\n * 100 Things\\n * Speakeasy\\n * Beer Food\\n * For the Win\\n\\n# 60-Second Happy Hour: Jungle Bird\\n\\n# This Spiked Pulp Fiction Float Tastes Goooood\\n\\n# This Cocktail Is Always Ready to Throw Down\\n\\n# Drink in the Dark to Serve the Light\\n\\nMademan › Style News, Articles & Editorials | Made Man › Clothing › 10 Fashion\\nTips For Skinny men\\n\\n## More on Made Man\\n\\n## 10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men\\n\\n## 10 Best Songs About Change\\n\\n## 5 Tips for Getting Girls Wet\\n\\n## Dan Marino Stats\\n\\n## How to Make a French Connection Cocktail\\n\\n## Kings Cup Drinking Game Rules\\n\\n## 10 Italian Tattoos for Men Ideas\\n\\n## Good Questions to Ask When You Meet Women\\n\\n## Cute Names To Call Your Girlfriend\\n\\n## 5 Cute Ways To Ask a Girl Out\\n\\n## 10 Real Techniques for Masturbation Every Man Needs to Try\\n\\n## 10 Best Famous Quotes by Clint Eastwood\\n\\n## Incredible Hulk Drinks\\n\\n## 13 Easy Card Drinking Games\\n\\n## 19 Cute Love Song Lyrics\\n\\n## The 15 Best Romantic Pickup Lines\\n\\n## 10 Free Safe Porn Sites\\n\\n## 10 Best Songs About Winning\\n\\n## 5 Arm Exercises Without Weights\\n\\n## How To Clean Sperry Shoes\\n\\n## 10 Flirty Knock Knock Jokes\\n\\n## 10 Best Country Song Quotes\\n\\n## 10 Flirty Jokes To Tell Your Girlfriend\\n\\n## 8 Must-Have Apps For Every Man\\n\\n## 4 Young Beauties That Look Like Emma Watson\\n\\n## 5 Bootylicious Women Who Look Like Beyonce\\n\\n## 7 Things Every Sports Bar Should Have\\n\\n## Cruising Solo? 10 Tips to Find a Date on a Ship\\n\\n## 4 Bachelor Party Packages That Any To Be Groom Would Love\\n\\n## 8 Cruise Destinations You Should Consider\\n\\n## 4 Girls Next Door That Look Like Jennifer Lawrence\\n\\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men\\n\\n * By Lynn Wallace | 04/17/2010\\n\\nFacebook Twitter Stumble Google+ Save\\n\\nIf you’re one of those guys who can eat everything in sight without putting on\\nan ounce or work out at the gym without bulking up, you will benefit from\\nthese ten fashion tips for skinny men. Before you head out for the mall, go\\nthrough your closet and pull out anything that emphasizes your slight frame.\\n\\n 1. Avoid anything oversized. Skinny men should take this fashion tip and stop wearing anything too big or bulky. It only makes you look like a boy playing dress-up in Dad’s clothes.\\n 2. Wear small shoulder pads to balance out your narrow frame. Not wearing shoulder pads may emphasize your narrow shoulders, but if you’re a skinny man, another fashion tip is to avoid shoulder pads that are too big. They’ll just make you look out of proportion.\\n 3. Jackets should hit you at the hip. Anything longer will make you look like an ostrich with too much body and toothpick legs. Shorter will make you look like a pre-pubescent boy.\\n 4. Another fashion tip for skinny men is to only wear flat-front pants. The puckers from pleats will give you unsightly, unnatural bulges when you sit.\\n 5. Avoid pinstripes—especially in pants. Skinny men should follow this top ten fashion tip if they don’t want to look like a pole.\\n 6. To look well-proportioned, wear straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans. Stay away from skinny jeans or tapered pants that emphasize toothpick legs and no rear.\\n 7. When weather allows, wear turtleneck sweaters. A V-neck sweater will give you a crane-like appearance, drawing attention to your skinniness.\\n 8. Select spread collared dress shirts. The wider spread will give the appearance of wider shoulders. This is an important fashion tip for skinny men who want to climb the corporate ladder.\\n 9. Opt for layers. In addition to being practical for comfort, this top ten fashion tip for skinny men can actually give you the well proportioned look you want.\\n 10. Avoid wearing a belt that is too big. Nothing says “skinny” louder than a belt that you can wrap twice around your waist or hip.\\n\\nAll ten fashion tips for skinny men are formulated to make you look well-\\nproportioned and confident in your appearance. Everything should fit, so you\\ncan focus on being your fabulous self.\\n\\nshow comments\\n\\n## What Others Are Reading Right Now.\\n\\nRead on Mademan\\n\\n * 6 Signs She Wants You to Come Talk to Her at the Bar\\n\\nThese not-so-subtle hints mean legit interest—and time for action.\\n\\n * The 7 Best Exercises to Build Arms That Turn Heads\\n\\nBecause who doesn’t want wicked big guns?\\n\\n * The 11 Manliest Sports You’ve (Probably) Never Heard Of\\n\\nLooking for exotic ways to measure your masculinity? Start here.\\n\\n# Related Articles\\n\\n## Reccomended for You\\n\\n# Introducing Made Man Mixology. New Channel! 50+ excellent cocktail recipes\\nfor the making and sharing.\\n\\n# How to Compliment Women Without Being a Skeeze or Catcaller\\n\\n# GUYDES: How to be Suave at a Bar\\n\\n# My Week As Hemingway, or Oh Yes, There Will Be Gin\\n\\n# 20 EASY WAYS TO UPGRADE YOUR LIFE\\n\\n# DRESS SHARP: 5 KILLER SUIT TIPS\\n\\nLoad More\\n\\n# Today’s Top Stories\\n\\narticle\\n\\n# How to Identify Every Favorite Cut of Steak Ever\\n\\nIf you don't know, now you know.\\n\\ngallery\\n\\n# 7 Gestures Women Find Incredibly Irresistible\\n\\nScience has figured it all out for you.\\n\\ngallery\\n\\n# 10 Tell-Tale Signs You’re an American Traveling Abroad\\n\\nBe careful, your stars and stripes are showing...\\n\\n# More Stories Like This\\n\\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Short Men\\n\\nAny guy under the average height of 5'9\\\" to 5'10\\\" should heed these ten\\nfashion tips for short men. No ...\\n\\n# 10 Body Shape Fashion Tips\\n\\nIf you’re feeling a little lost as far as what to wear, welcome to this\\nawesome list of 10 body shape fashion tips ...\\n\\n# 10 Fashion Tips for Men With Broad Shoulders\\n\\nFollow these 10 fashion tips for men with broad shoulders so you can dress to\\nimpress. Broad shoulders are no ...\\n\\n# 10 Edgy Fashion Tips for Men\\n\\nLearn about 10 edgy fashion tips for men. While women are offered fashion\\nadvice on every corner, men don't have the ...\\n\\n# 10 Casual Fashion Tips for Men\\n\\nIf your idea of a casual look is sweat pants and a t-shirt, you're in dire\\nneed of the top 10 casual fashion tips fo ...\\n\\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Tall Men\\n\\nTall guys you may think you have fashion figured out, but take a moment to\\nread these ten fashion tips for tall men. For ...\\n\\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Young Men\\n\\nIf you’re a youthful guy and want to look pulled together and stylish, follow\\nthese 10 fashion tips for young ...\\n\\n# 10 Winter Fashion Tips For Men\\n\\nFollow these 10 winter fashion tips for men to know to wear when the weather\\ngets cold. When it's chilly out and all ...\\n\\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Men In Their 30's\\n\\nLooking for fashion tips for men in their 30’s? Unlike many women who\\nunderstand the rules of fashion, men sometim ...\\n\\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Men Shoes\\n\\nThe following 10 fashion tips for men’s shoes will answer some of the nagging\\nquestions you may have, but don&rsqu; ...\\n\\n# 5 Style Tips For Straight Boyish Figures\\n\\nFive style tips for straight boyish figures does not include padded shoulders\\nor bulky sweaters. These are ploys easily ...\\n\\n# 5 Fashion Tips For Men\\n\\nBy keeping some basic guidelines in mind, you can learn about 5 great fashion\\ntips for men. No matter what your age, goo ...\\n\\nLoad More\\n\\n# Leave A Comment\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201108115154/http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Reddit Men's Biggest Fashion Mistakes\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In a recent thread on Reddit's male fashion subreddit, /r/malefashionadvice, men shared the worst misconceptions they had about fashion and style.\",\n \"This could not be further from the truth. Boot cut is the most unflattering of all pant cuts for skinnier dudes. It won't make your legs look any bigger, but the flare in the bottom of the leg will make you look sloppier than a straight or skinny cut pant.\",\n \"Shirts aren't supposed to be baggy. They're supposed to fit! A good rule of thumb is to get a shirt that fits as close to your body as you can while you retain free range of movement in your arms.\",\n \"A common misconception is that dressing up is the equivalent to dressing better. In fact, the two are completely unrelated and a man in sharp casualwear will look better than a man in a sloppy suit every time.\",\n \"Many \\\"prestigious\\\" mall brands are perceived as \\\"quality,\\\" while they actually sell completely overpriced poor-quality garments covered with gaudy branding. Labels like Abercrombie and Fitch and Armani Exchange are two of the biggest offenders.\",\n \"Learning which brands to avoid and which brands are worth their price is a crucial step on the road to dressing better.\",\n \"Most men are now aware that shorts are perfectly fine to wear in the warmer months, and even acceptable in some more casual office environments.\",\n \"There is a wide variety of boots available, from brouged dress boots to vintage reproduction work books. There's a boot for every kind of man: not just black Dr. Martens and Timberlands.\",\n \"Boat shoes are still a great choice for summer footwear, but they are far from the most fashionable shoe available.\",\n \"Square-toed shoes haven't been acceptable for a while now, and men are urged to stay away from them. They are clunky, awkward, and distracting, with a completely unflattering profile.\",\n \"While it can be a strategic style decision to make your shoes and shirt match, it is pretty much completely unnecessary.\",\n \"In fact for most outfits, this would look pretty ridiculous. It can work well for some street style outfits based around specific kinds of sneakers, however, but maybe wait to try this look until you get your fashion sea legs.\",\n \"Matching your belt and shoes is a good rule of thumb for the dressiest of occasions, but that's really the only time. It's not necessary for business suits or any level of dress lower than that.\",\n \"Black shoes don't go with everything. For many colors of suits and other outfits, it would be very \\\"fashion forward\\\" to opt for black footwear.\",\n \"Contrary to what you see news and sports anchors wearing on TV, pocket squares do not have to match your tie. In fact, they probably shouldn't.\",\n \"If anything, your pocket square can match the color of your shirt, but even then it's not necessary. Feel free to branch out with your pocket square.\",\n \"Actually, the most versatile color of suit is navy or charcoal. These are the first two colors men should buy suits in when they're starting to build their wardrobe.\",\n \"Black suits are only suitable on occasions like weddings and funerals, and sometimes for the office. Use your black suit sparingly.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Reddit Men's Biggest Fashion Mistakes - Business Insider\\n\\nPresidential Results Senate Results House Results\\n\\n * BI Prime\\n * Intelligence\\n\\nLog In\\n\\nSubscribe Subscribe\\n\\nAutomatically updates every 5 minutes.\\n\\nPresidential Results\\n\\n0Joe Biden Donald Trump0\\n\\n270 to win\\n\\nSenate Results\\n\\n0Dem Rep0\\n\\n51 to control\\n\\nHouse Results\\n\\n0Dem Rep0\\n\\n218 to control\\n\\nElection Live Results\\n\\nThe first polls close in\\n\\nPresidential Race\\n\\nSenate Race\\n\\nHouse Race\\n\\nHOMEPAGE Subscribe Subscribe\\n\\nHome Executive Lifestyle\\n\\n# 14 Big Fashion Mistakes That Men Make\\n\\nDennis Green\\n\\n2015-01-05T14:52:00Z\\n\\nOn every man's road to dressing better, there are quite a few things he learns\\nabout style.\\n\\nIn a recent thread on Reddit's male fashion subreddit, /r/malefashionadvice,\\nmen shared the worst misconceptions they had about fashion and style.\\n\\nKeep reading to make sure you don't make the same mistakes.\\n\\n## 1\\\\. \\\"Skinny guys should wear boot cut [pants] to make their legs look\\nwider.\\\" -macadocious\\n\\nThis could not be further from the truth. Boot cut is the most unflattering of\\nall pant cuts for skinnier dudes. It won't make your legs look any bigger, but\\nthe flare in the bottom of the leg will make you look sloppier than a straight\\nor skinny cut pant.\\n\\n##\\n\\nShutterstock.com\\n\\n## 2\\\\. \\\"Shirts were supposed to be baggy in the shoulders and chest.\\\"\\n-utilitym0nster\\n\\nShirts aren't supposed to be baggy. They're supposed to fit! A good rule of\\nthumb is to get a shirt that fits as close to your body as you can while you\\nretain free range of movement in your arms.\\n\\nJaden Lam\\n\\n## 3\\\\. \\\"I thought that wearing the right clothes would automatically mean that\\nI'd dress better.\\\" - Poizar\\n\\nA common misconception is that dressing up is the equivalent to dressing\\nbetter. In fact, the two are completely unrelated and a man in sharp\\ncasualwear will look better than a man in a sloppy suit every time.\\n\\nAdditionally, you should always be mindful to dress appropriately for the\\nsituation at hand.\\n\\n## 4\\\\. \\\"I thought showing off you have money to buy \\\"high fashion\\\" mall brands\\nmeant I was fashionable and looked good.\\\" -PSIKevin\\n\\nMany \\\"prestigious\\\" mall brands are perceived as \\\"quality,\\\" while they actually\\nsell completely overpriced poor-quality garments covered with gaudy branding.\\nLabels like Abercrombie and Fitch and Armani Exchange are two of the biggest\\noffenders.\\n\\nLearning which brands to avoid and which brands are worth their price is a\\ncrucial step on the road to dressing better.\\n\\nReuters\\n\\n## 5\\\\. \\\"Shorts are dumb and should only be worn by boys under the age of 12 or\\nsportsmen.\\\" -themanifoldcuriosity\\n\\nMost men are now aware that shorts are perfectly fine to wear in the warmer\\nmonths, and even acceptable in some more casual office environments.\\n\\nJust avoid the dreaded cargo short.\\n\\nVittorio Zunino Celotto/Getty Images\\n\\n## 6\\\\. \\\"Cargo shorts were cool because of everything you could fit in the\\npockets.\\\" -Adjustify\\n\\nAgain, cargo shorts are generally looked upon today as extremely passé and\\ndated. Avoid these at all costs.\\n\\nInstead, try a slim chino for a more modern look.\\n\\nFlickr/Seth Sawyers\\n\\n## 7\\\\. \\\"Only construction workers and goths wear boots.\\\" -GDDesu\\n\\nThere is a wide variety of boots available, from brouged dress boots to\\nvintage reproduction work books. There's a boot for every kind of man: not\\njust black Dr. Martens and Timberlands.\\n\\nFlickr/Eric Leo Kogan\\n\\n## 8\\\\. \\\"I thought boat shoes were the most fashionable shoes.\\\"\\n-UnbiasedOnionRing\\n\\nBoat shoes are still a great choice for summer footwear, but they are far from\\nthe most fashionable shoe available.\\n\\nFlickr/Malik Carter\\n\\n## 9\\\\. \\\"I thought square-toed shoes were cool.\\\" -TummyDrums\\n\\nSquare-toed shoes haven't been acceptable for a while now, and men are urged\\nto stay away from them. They are clunky, awkward, and distracting, with a\\ncompletely unflattering profile.\\n\\nStick with your classic wing tips.\\n\\nFlickr/gam48\\n\\n## 10\\\\. \\\"I used to color coordinate my shoes with my shirt to make sure they\\nwere the same color.\\\" -Yeaga\\n\\nWhile it can be a strategic style decision to make your shoes and shirt match,\\nit is pretty much completely unnecessary.\\n\\nIn fact for most outfits, this would look pretty ridiculous. It can work well\\nfor some street style outfits based around specific kinds of sneakers,\\nhowever, but maybe wait to try this look until you get your fashion sea legs.\\n\\nFlickr/artisticmac\\n\\n## 11\\\\. \\\"I always thought the belt had to match shoes no matter what you were\\nwearing.\\\" -WhoopItIsThere\\n\\nMatching your belt and shoes is a good rule of thumb for the dressiest of\\noccasions, but that's really the only time. It's not necessary for business\\nsuits or any level of dress lower than that.\\n\\nFlickr/yourdon\\n\\n## 12\\\\. \\\"Black shoes went with everything.\\\" -KlausFenrir\\n\\nBlack shoes don't go with everything. For many colors of suits and other\\noutfits, it would be very \\\"fashion forward\\\" to opt for black footwear.\\n\\nIf you want a shoe that goes with everything, buy a nice medium brown brogue.\\n\\nShutterstock\\n\\n## 13\\\\. \\\"Pocket squares have to match your tie.\\\" -vim_all_day\\n\\nContrary to what you see news and sports anchors wearing on TV, pocket squares\\ndo not have to match your tie. In fact, they probably shouldn't.\\n\\nIf anything, your pocket square can match the color of your shirt, but even\\nthen it's not necessary. Feel free to branch out with your pocket square.\\n\\nBusiness Insider / Matt Johnston\\n\\n## 14\\\\. \\\"I believed black suits to be the most versatile and best color of\\nsuit to buy.\\\" -Rerrgon\\n\\nActually, the most versatile color of suit is navy or charcoal. These are the\\nfirst two colors men should buy suits in when they're starting to build their\\nwardrobe.\\n\\nBlack suits are only suitable on occasions like weddings and funerals, and\\nsometimes for the office. Use your black suit sparingly.\\n\\nWinston DeLoney/ Flickr\\n\\nNewsletter\\n\\nA roundup of uplifting stories about everyday heroes. Sign up for Insider\\nLife.\\n\\n### SEE ALSO: 10 Things Guys Think About Suits That Are Totally Wrong\\n\\n### DON'T FORGET: Follow Business Insider's The Life on Facebook!\\n\\nMore: Fashion Reddit Male Fashion Style\\n\\nFollow us on:\\n\\nAlso check out:\\n\\n* Copyright © 2020 Insider Inc. All rights reserved. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our\\n\\n * Terms of Service , Privacy Policy and Cookies Policy .\\n\\n * Sitemap\\n * Disclaimer\\n * Commerce Policy\\n * CA Privacy Rights\\n * Coupons\\n * Made in NYC\\n * Jobs\\n\\n * Stock quotes by finanzen.net\\n * Reprints & Permissions\\n\\nInternational Editions:\\n\\n * United States US\\n * International INTL\\n * Australia AUS\\n * Deutschland DE\\n * España ES\\n * France FR\\n * India IN\\n * Italy IT\\n * Japan JP\\n * México MX\\n * Netherlands NL\\n * Nordic SE\\n * Polska PL\\n * South Africa ZA\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060833/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Fashion Tips and Style for Skinny Girls\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Some people mostly in fashion industry likely to claim that being skinny is better than having too curvy silhouette, as they create such image that many girls nowadays dream about having a skinny and tall figure as the supermodels on runway. On the other hand, fashion stylists also say that even though many trends look great on skinny figures there are still some key items every skinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\",\n \"Truly that most women are never satisfied when looking in the mirror that they can spend so much time in thinking about the attire to dress up in. Whether they were naturally born too tall, too short, too fat, or too skinny, lists of “how to wear” and “what to wear” can go on till forever. And although there are many practical advices for other body types, we cannot find so many useful fashion tips for skinny figure.\",\n \"So, take a look at some fashion tips for skinny girls to achieve a gorgeous result when looking in the mirror.\",\n \"Dresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls, straight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\",\n \"The Right Cut Focusing on how to create curves and volume is the main goal for skinny girls when fashioning their attires. You need to create curves where you want them, or to add a balanced weight to the entire look. Here, you can dare to wear very tight close cuts or longer, a slight hugging dress, or bigger cuts to make you look wider. Nowadays, there are a number of designs that specialize in creating perfect slim size cuts with feminine curves places exactly where they are desirable.\",\n \"Sleeves and Necklines for skinny women Dresses and tops with volume on shoulder and hips are great for thin women to create the illusion of curves between waist, bust and hips. You can add curves with an empire-waist dress, peplum style dresses and tops, or you can make fuller silhouette with shift dresses or baby-doll style clothes, although sometimes baby-dolls can also create a visual shorter look.\",\n \"Sleeves: If you want to hide your scrawny arms, opt for shirts with volume sleeve to create wider look and to balance your silhouette. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some additional shape, while long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin upper arms.\",\n \"Draw attention away from the upper half of your body by investing in bright shoes, trousers or skirts, and hide your arm by pairing a long-sleeve top with a bomber jacket or waterfall blazer. Tucking in shirts can also make your hips look wider which will make your legs look better too.\",\n \"Busts: To fill out the bust area, opt for shirts or dresses that feature heavy prints and colors, as well as details like pleats, ruffles, twists, knots, or ruching at the bodice. If you have a flat bust, opt for a dress with sequins, jewels, or a bow near the collar area to help out your bust. Draping at the neckline can be a very flattering style for small-busted figures, so avoid very deep cleavage such as V-neckline and play fairly with the chest. You may as well wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines or play with collar that is high and chunky including the turtle neck, high cowl-neck, or mandarin collars.\",\n \"Layering is also a great way to create dimension around the bust area. Abuse chunky clothes and play with all details, layers, prints, and colors accordingly. But don’t exaggerate. The goal is to add volume with balance, not to attract people attention with something tacky!\",\n \"Trousers and skirts best to wear for skinny women As for trousers or pants, a low rise is ideal for creating curvy silhouette. Trousers like boot-cuts or flared pants make your bottoms round and can give your body extra shape and dimension. Make sure you go for the ones that are a bit of flair at the bottom – tight-fitting but flare out at the ankles at least from the knees down. Opt for trousers that are well fitted and notice that wearing palazzo or extra wide-leg pants sometimes just make your legs look lost\",\n \"Not that the skinnies look bad for skinny women, but super snug like jegging jeans or extra-fitted pants are not really meant for this kind of body type, as they can just end up making you look skinnier. Better to choose a slim straight or a cigarette pant instead. But, obviously you can still pull off those fabulous skinnies by abusing bolder prints and colors to give a little more presence to your legs.\",\n \"Where skirts are concerned, as well as the dresses, try clothes that are round from your waist down. Asymmetrical, tube or pencil skirts – short or long – that tapers at the knee is a good bet to give a visual extra pounds on your hips. While midi skirts with the hem that stops at the shapeliest part of you calf are also the best bet for skinny women. Play with belts, coats, pleats, tights, etc. to maximize the appearance you want to achieve.\",\n \"If you wish for a mini, pieces like bubble skirts, flare skirts, and A-line skirts can also be a good option, just make it about four inches above your knee and allow the skirt to be well fitting, not a free size one. When choosing shorts, go for the shorter ones, the well fitted – not too loose and not too tight – short shorts around the hips. Avoid very wide leg shorts as they make your legs look like a pair of sticks or the very tight ones that will only make your body looks even skinnier. However, sometimes skinny women like to sport any kind of shorts and draw the attention away from the lower part of the body by adding striking and full details on the tops, which can be pleats, prints, appliques, bold colors, layers, etc.\",\n \"If you are a thin, petite figure, avoid those super-maxis, oversized skirts or trousers as they will only make you look even shorter and smaller. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame. Maxi-skirts with the right size and height are actually great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.\",\n \"Continue this article to “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)” for knowing other tips on how and what to wear best suited for skinny women.\",\n \"Meanwhile, take a look at some inspirations from street fashion, campaigns and celebrities who best known with their thin, slender figure, who are always well put together and really make the most of their figures.\",\n \"Ideas of pants, dress, and swimwear for skinny girls. Abuse colors and prints to achieve those volume and curves, as well as your youthful, teens-spirit\",\n \"She brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one- on-one session with her beloved clients.\",\n \"April 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 1| 2| 3| 4 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 26| 27| 28| 29| 30\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Fashion Tips and Style for Skinny Girls - Gorgeous & Beautiful\\n\\nGorgeous & BeautifulEasy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas.\\n\\nShopping Cart 0 items - $0.00 0\\n\\n# Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 1)\\n\\n### Address\\n\\n143 W Street Name, New York, NY 10014\\n\\nPhone: +1(800)123-4588\\n\\nEmail: info@yoursite.com\\n\\n### Follow Me\\n\\nFashion Tips May 30, 2013 0Comments\\n\\nSome people mostly in fashion industry likely to claim that being skinny is\\nbetter than having too curvy silhouette, as they create such image that many\\ngirls nowadays dream about having a skinny and tall figure as the supermodels\\non runway. On the other hand, fashion stylists also say that even though many\\ntrends look great on skinny figures there are still some key items every\\nskinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\\n\\nTruly that most women are never satisfied when looking in the mirror that they\\ncan spend so much time in thinking about the attire to dress up in. Whether\\nthey were naturally born too tall, too short, too fat, or too skinny, lists of\\n“how to wear” and “what to wear” can go on till forever. And although there\\nare many practical advices for other body types, we cannot find so many useful\\nfashion tips for skinny figure.\\n\\nSo, take a look at some fashion tips for skinny girls to achieve a gorgeous\\nresult when looking in the mirror.\\n\\nDresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls,\\nstraight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\\n\\nThe Right Cut Focusing on how to create curves and volume is the main goal for\\nskinny girls when fashioning their attires. You need to create curves where\\nyou want them, or to add a balanced weight to the entire look. Here, you can\\ndare to wear very tight close cuts or longer, a slight hugging dress, or\\nbigger cuts to make you look wider. Nowadays, there are a number of designs\\nthat specialize in creating perfect slim size cuts with feminine curves places\\nexactly where they are desirable.\\n\\nSleeves and Necklines for skinny women Dresses and tops with volume on\\nshoulder and hips are great for thin women to create the illusion of curves\\nbetween waist, bust and hips. You can add curves with an empire-waist dress,\\npeplum style dresses and tops, or you can make fuller silhouette with shift\\ndresses or baby-doll style clothes, although sometimes baby-dolls can also\\ncreate a visual shorter look.\\n\\nDesigns of sleeves, either for tops or dresses, for skinny women\\n\\nSleeves: If you want to hide your scrawny arms, opt for shirts with volume\\nsleeve to create wider look and to balance your silhouette. Batwing sleeves\\nare also great for adding some additional shape, while long sleeve tops are\\ngreat for disguising thin upper arms.\\n\\nDraw attention away from the upper half of your body by investing in bright\\nshoes, trousers or skirts, and hide your arm by pairing a long-sleeve top with\\na bomber jacket or waterfall blazer. Tucking in shirts can also make your hips\\nlook wider which will make your legs look better too.\\n\\nPlay with colors, prints, ruffles, layers, and other elements for adding\\nvolumes\\n\\nBusts: To fill out the bust area, opt for shirts or dresses that feature heavy\\nprints and colors, as well as details like pleats, ruffles, twists, knots, or\\nruching at the bodice. If you have a flat bust, opt for a dress with sequins,\\njewels, or a bow near the collar area to help out your bust. Draping at the\\nneckline can be a very flattering style for small-busted figures, so avoid\\nvery deep cleavage such as V-neckline and play fairly with the chest. You may\\nas well wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines or play with collar that\\nis high and chunky including the turtle neck, high cowl-neck, or mandarin\\ncollars.\\n\\nLayering is also a great way to create dimension around the bust area. Abuse\\nchunky clothes and play with all details, layers, prints, and colors\\naccordingly. But don’t exaggerate. The goal is to add volume with balance, not\\nto attract people attention with something tacky!\\n\\nSkinny jeans, bootcuts, slim-cut trousers and cigarette pants best suited for\\nskinny legged women\\n\\nTrousers and skirts best to wear for skinny women As for trousers or pants, a\\nlow rise is ideal for creating curvy silhouette. Trousers like boot-cuts or\\nflared pants make your bottoms round and can give your body extra shape and\\ndimension. Make sure you go for the ones that are a bit of flair at the bottom\\n– tight-fitting but flare out at the ankles at least from the knees down. Opt\\nfor trousers that are well fitted and notice that wearing palazzo or extra\\nwide-leg pants sometimes just make your legs look lost\\n\\nNot that the skinnies look bad for skinny women, but super snug like jegging\\njeans or extra-fitted pants are not really meant for this kind of body type,\\nas they can just end up making you look skinnier. Better to choose a slim\\nstraight or a cigarette pant instead. But, obviously you can still pull off\\nthose fabulous skinnies by abusing bolder prints and colors to give a little\\nmore presence to your legs.\\n\\nA-line skirt, pencil skirt, and mini skirt best suited for skinny women\\n\\nWhere skirts are concerned, as well as the dresses, try clothes that are round\\nfrom your waist down. Asymmetrical, tube or pencil skirts – short or long –\\nthat tapers at the knee is a good bet to give a visual extra pounds on your\\nhips. While midi skirts with the hem that stops at the shapeliest part of you\\ncalf are also the best bet for skinny women. Play with belts, coats, pleats,\\ntights, etc. to maximize the appearance you want to achieve.\\n\\nOutfits with shorts best fashioned for skinny women\\n\\nIf you wish for a mini, pieces like bubble skirts, flare skirts, and A-line\\nskirts can also be a good option, just make it about four inches above your\\nknee and allow the skirt to be well fitting, not a free size one. When\\nchoosing shorts, go for the shorter ones, the well fitted – not too loose and\\nnot too tight – short shorts around the hips. Avoid very wide leg shorts as\\nthey make your legs look like a pair of sticks or the very tight ones that\\nwill only make your body looks even skinnier. However, sometimes skinny women\\nlike to sport any kind of shorts and draw the attention away from the lower\\npart of the body by adding striking and full details on the tops, which can be\\npleats, prints, appliques, bold colors, layers, etc.\\n\\nIf you are a thin, petite figure, avoid those super-maxis, oversized skirts or\\ntrousers as they will only make you look even shorter and smaller. A lot of\\nwomen use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin\\nside, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the\\nclothing tends to swamp your frame. Maxi-skirts with the right size and height\\nare actually great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but\\nagain remember to avoid anything too baggy.\\n\\nContinue this article to “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl\\n(Part 2)” for knowing other tips on how and what to wear best suited for\\nskinny women.\\n\\nMeanwhile, take a look at some inspirations from street fashion, campaigns and\\ncelebrities who best known with their thin, slender figure, who are always\\nwell put together and really make the most of their figures.\\n\\nswimwear for skinny girls\\n\\nIdeas of pants, dress, and swimwear for skinny girls. Abuse colors and prints\\nto achieve those volume and curves, as well as your youthful, teens-spirit\\n\\njeans for skinny girls\\n\\nAlexa Chung, known with her quirky, yet extremely cute and chic style, perfect\\nfor those with skinny frame\\n\\nKeira Knightley with her “too” skinny shape, but still always looks good and\\ngorgeous with dresses and skirts\\n\\nTags: fashion tips for skinny girlsSkinny Girlskinny women\\n\\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\\n\\n##### About Me\\n\\nShe brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one-\\non-one session with her beloved clients.\\n\\n##### Categories\\n\\n * Accessories\\n\\n * Bags\\n * Eyewear\\n * Jewelries\\n * Scarves\\n * Shoes\\n * Tights and Socks\\n * Beauty Tips\\n\\n * Beauty Collection\\n * Hairstyles\\n * Fashion Tips\\n\\n * How To Wear\\n * Petite Fashion\\n * Plus Size\\n * Get the Look\\n\\n * Street Fashion\\n * LookBook\\n\\n * Campaigns\\n * Runways\\n\\n * London\\n * Milan\\n * New York\\n * Paris\\n * Shopping Tips\\n * Trend\\n\\n * Lingerie\\n * Style\\n * Swimwear\\n * Wedding\\n\\n##### Calendar\\n\\nApril 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n1| 2| 3| 4 \\n5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 \\n12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 \\n19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 \\n26| 27| 28| 29| 30 \\n \\n##### Recent Posts\\n\\n###### Cocktail Dresses for Party : Easy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas\\n\\n###### What to Wear to Spring Wedding – Transitional Weather Fashion Tips\\n\\n###### How to Wear A Little (Black, White, Red) Dress – Simple and Easy\\n\\n## Address\\n\\n143 W Street Name, NY 10014 +1 (800) 123-4588\\n\\n## Menu\\n\\n * About\\n * Services\\n * Blog\\n * Contacts\\n\\n## Follow Me\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Instagram\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n\\n## Newsletter\\n\\nGorgeautiful © 2012 All rights reserved. Terms of use and Privacy Policy\\n\\nget in touch\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201112041830/https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B) – Attire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"We all try to look our best and often style advisers tell people to dress for their body type. But how do you know which boy type you have and what type of clothes go with each of the main body type?\",\n \"In this guide, we are focusing on men who are lean and rather thin and offer a series of practical advice you can put into practice the next time you are creating an outfit.\",\n \"Let’s start with understanding the three major body types. As you might know, there are three major body types: ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph. Of course, there are tons of variations in between, and probably most men are actually in between. Some guys have a certain part bigger and certain part smaller etc.\",\n \"We did some research because we wanted to find out if you can actually change your body type and found out that it’s not the body type that you can change, it’s something called the “body composition”. Meaning that your body type is basically what you look like if you don’t work out or have a conscious lifestyle. But, if you are an endomorph trying to look like a mesomorph or an ectomorph, you can achieve it by adjusting your workout and diet. It applies to all guys. For example, cardio is a very recommended workout, but for ectomorphs it will actually result in muscle loss. So it’s best to know your body type, do great research (we will also feature some tips on what activities are best for your body type in the coming articles) and you will look like in a different way, if that is what you wish!\",\n \"In the mean time, we know that many thin men feel out of place, since skinny guys are not taken very seriously in our culture. Some women are crazy about them, others seem to be envious that the dude is thinner than they are and some people really don’t care.\",\n \"We have put together a list of fashion and style tips thin men can use in order to look their best!\",\n \"d) If your outfit has a single color, it will emphasize the fact that you are very slim. Wearing different hues or colors will definitely make the outfit more interesting\",\n \"a) Whatever you do, make sure your clothes fit your frame! Many thin men try to appear bigger by wearing bulky clothes. Trust us, you will look great in fitted clothes\",\n \"Jim Parsons looking great at the SAG awards. Notice how a well-fitting suit makes a man with a thin frame look great!\",\n \"b) Try to be proportionate. Thin men can pull off shoulder pads quite well, but make sure they are not too big, or else you risk to look disproportionate\",\n \"c) Casual jackets (not dress jackets or blazers) should hit you at the hip. It’s best if you wish to look balanced\",\n \"d) Make sure your accessories (belt, tie, watch) are not too big. They need to be proportionate to your body! It’s really bad if your belt needs to go a few times around your waist\",\n \"a) When it comes to shirts, slim fit shirts are a good friend. Sometimes normal-cut shirts are also great, it depends on your actual size. Remember: slim-fit, not skinny-fit\",\n \"b) Wear flat-front pants. Wearing pants with pleats will give a lot of volume when you sit and will look out of place\",\n \"c) If you are really thin, avoid skinny jeans or tapered pants. Instead, go for straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans\",\n \"d) Thin men are some of the few guys on Earth who can wear a turtle neck and look good. V-necks are not recommended if you are too thin: they will make you look even thinner\",\n \"f) When it comes to shoes, if you are thin and tall, don’t wear round-toed shoes. They will make you appear disproportioned. Instead, you can buy pointed or square-toed shoes to balance your silhouette\",\n \"These tips are meant to make you look proportionate and feel good in your body! You can use these tips and see what works for you! Remember, some things might not work for you, maybe you are an in-between body type, but understanding these general guidelines will definitely make you look better. And, as we always say, when you look good, you feel good!\",\n \"P.S. What issues do you face with your body type? What are your tips for slim body types? Share your feedback, questions or thoughts in the comments below! For more articles on style, fashion tips and cultural insights, don’t forget to subscribe to Attire Club via e-mail or follow us on Facebook or Twitter!\",\n \"Tags beauty, body type, clothes, ectomorph, endomorph, fashion, fit, men, men`s fashion, mesomorph, shoulder pads, style, thin men, visual aesthetic\",\n \"Thank you! I must keep in mind these pieces of advice. 🙂 I’m also looking for office outfits suggestions. 🙂\",\n \"You can make a search on our looking for keywords such as “business casual”, “suits” or other interests you might have. For example, in the “How to create a versatile wardrobe (published Oct 29th)”, you can see a lot of suggestion and how to dress up or down a work suit.\",\n \"these tips are amazing but do u have any tips for this summer because its going to be a hot one and when i wear short or something like that i get the idea that my legs ar just like chicken drop sticks 🙁\",\n \"To answer your question, there are a few things you can do if you want your legs to appear less skinny.\",\n \"First of all, you should always make sure that you are wearing clothes that fit you. Don’t wear bigger pants, you won’t look bigger and don’t wear smaller ones so that your legs appear bigger in them, you will look strangled and you won’t fool anyone.\",\n \"1. Putting on a pair of pants that fits just right is the first step. Go with a pair that ends just at the half of your knee for a safe bet.\",\n \"2. A second thing you can do is add a belt. Belts are great ways to frame your body. Wearing a belt will add structure to your appearance and will determine where your legs end. Setting these limits will make you look bigger.\",\n \"3. Thirdly, you can wear socks, but make sure you follow a few rules! First of all, don’t wear knee-high socks, you’re not a scout in the 1960s, secondly make sure you pull them up right. Don’t wear socks with your sandals though! Take a look at this picture for example: http://style.mtv.com/wp- content/uploads/2011/09/time-weiland-men.jpg\",\n \"4. Wear cuffed pants. Even if you are wearing shorts, they can have cuffs (as do the ones in the picture). These will, again, add structure to your look.\",\n \"Don’t worry so much about your legs being thin, a lot of guys have them. Now you are in advantage because you know that structure is what will make them look better! You also know now how to achieve structure. You can use some or all of these elements: belt, socks, cuffs, fit.\",\n \"As a tip, stay away from wearing suspenders or other vertical stripes. These will mimic your legs and emphasize their thinness. Instead, go for belts and solid colors, or big patterns!\",\n \"I really laughed because i made all types of mistakes dressing up my body type, but I am also proud to have come at the same conclusions.\",\n \"Thank you very much for the appreciation and the feedback! We are constantly working on improving our posts, so your comment is most welcome!\",\n \"I am 23, normal skin, 6,1 and thin(However, i have good looks). Please suggest me the best outfit I can wear on my birthday. Your tips are extremely helpful and will surely implement it.\",\n \"If you have knock knees, you should wear pants that have a bit of a flair. This way, you are not held too tightly by the pants and the knock knee is not that visible. Here’s a good example: http://www.1sewingpatterns.com/images0/8466bbur.jpg.\",\n \"A relaxed cut, a straight cut or a boot cut jean would work best for you (as cataloged in the article).\",\n \"Our advice is to make sure you feel comfortable in whatever you wear. If you stress too much about style over comfort, it will be visible, so make sure you opt for something you like stylewise and in which you feel comfortable.\",\n \"hello thanks for the article it’s really helpful!! My BIGGEST Nightmare,is the white dress shirt i am very Thin Skinny Guy with kind of hourglass bodytype ,so how can i wear the white dress shirt and looking normal what should i do ?????\",\n \"The main tip we can give you is that your shirt should fit your body frame well, regardless of what this is. You can go for a bigger size and have it tailored.\",\n \"Also, make sure your shirt is tucked in your pants at your waist – some men make the mistake of pulling their pants to high up. Also,wearing a belt and matching shoes will make you more proportionate and structured, which is what you are going for.\",\n \"Bringing you Attire Club for free takes hundreds of hours each month. If you find useful information and stimulation here, we would appreciate a donation of your choosing that will allow us to continue to expand and enhance our concept.\",\n \"Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Cookie Policy\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B) – Attire Club\\nby Fraquoh and Franchomme\\n\\nSkip to the content\\n\\nAttire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme\\n\\nThe complete men's style, fashion and lifestyle experience\\n\\nCategories\\n\\nBasic Style Guides Fashion Advice\\n\\n# Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B)\\n\\n * Post author By AttireClub\\n * Post date September 20, 2013\\n * 18 Comments on Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B)\\n\\nWe all try to look our best and often style advisers tell people to dress for\\ntheir body type. But how do you know which boy type you have and what type of\\nclothes go with each of the main body type?\\n\\nIn this guide, we are focusing on men who are lean and rather thin and offer a\\nseries of practical advice you can put into practice the next time you are\\ncreating an outfit.\\n\\n# The 3 body types\\n\\nLet’s start with understanding the three major body types. As you might know,\\nthere are three major body types: ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph. Of\\ncourse, there are tons of variations in between, and probably most men are\\nactually in between. Some guys have a certain part bigger and certain part\\nsmaller etc.\\n\\nThe three body types\\n\\n# Can you change your body type?\\n\\nWe did some research because we wanted to find out if you can actually change\\nyour body type and found out that it’s not the body type that you can change,\\nit’s something called the “body composition”. Meaning that your body type is\\nbasically what you look like if you don’t work out or have a conscious\\nlifestyle. But, if you are an endomorph trying to look like a mesomorph or an\\nectomorph, you can achieve it by adjusting your workout and diet. It applies\\nto all guys. For example, cardio is a very recommended workout, but for\\nectomorphs it will actually result in muscle loss. So it’s best to know your\\nbody type, do great research (we will also feature some tips on what\\nactivities are best for your body type in the coming articles) and you will\\nlook like in a different way, if that is what you wish!\\n\\nIn the mean time, we know that many thin men feel out of place, since skinny\\nguys are not taken very seriously in our culture. Some women are crazy about\\nthem, others seem to be envious that the dude is thinner than they are and\\nsome people really don’t care.\\n\\n# Style tips\\n\\nWe have put together a list of fashion and style tips thin men can use in\\norder to look their best!\\n\\nHere they are:\\n\\nJoseph Gordon-Levitt is a poster-guy for skinny men who dress well\\n\\n## Colors\\n\\na) Light colors make you look bigger, darker colors make you look smaller\\n\\nb) Vertical stripes make guys appear bigger\\n\\nc) Midsize patterns are best for thin guys. Big patterns are not that\\nrecommended\\n\\nd) If your outfit has a single color, it will emphasize the fact that you are\\nvery slim. Wearing different hues or colors will definitely make the outfit\\nmore interesting\\n\\n## Fit\\n\\na) Whatever you do, make sure your clothes fit your frame! Many thin men try\\nto appear bigger by wearing bulky clothes. Trust us, you will look great in\\nfitted clothes\\n\\nJim Parsons looking great at the SAG awards. Notice how a well-fitting suit\\nmakes a man with a thin frame look great!\\n\\nb) Try to be proportionate. Thin men can pull off shoulder pads quite well,\\nbut make sure they are not too big, or else you risk to look disproportionate\\n\\nc) Casual jackets (not dress jackets or blazers) should hit you at the hip.\\nIt’s best if you wish to look balanced\\n\\nd) Make sure your accessories (belt, tie, watch) are not too big. They need to\\nbe proportionate to your body! It’s really bad if your belt needs to go a few\\ntimes around your waist\\n\\ne) If you can’t find clothes that fit, get them in a bigger size and have them\\ntailored down\\n\\n## Cut\\n\\na) When it comes to shirts, slim fit shirts are a good friend. Sometimes\\nnormal-cut shirts are also great, it depends on your actual size. Remember:\\nslim-fit, not skinny-fit\\n\\nb) Wear flat-front pants. Wearing pants with pleats will give a lot of volume\\nwhen you sit and will look out of place\\n\\nc) If you are really thin, avoid skinny jeans or tapered pants. Instead, go\\nfor straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans\\n\\nd) Thin men are some of the few guys on Earth who can wear a turtle neck and\\nlook good. V-necks are not recommended if you are too thin: they will make you\\nlook even thinner\\n\\ne) Double-breasted jackets are a great way of adding a layer of confidence\\n\\nf) When it comes to shoes, if you are thin and tall, don’t wear round-toed\\nshoes. They will make you appear disproportioned. Instead, you can buy pointed\\nor square-toed shoes to balance your silhouette\\n\\ng) Dress jackets should end just below your butt. Not longer, not shorter\\n\\nThese tips are meant to make you look proportionate and feel good in your\\nbody! You can use these tips and see what works for you! Remember, some things\\nmight not work for you, maybe you are an in-between body type, but\\nunderstanding these general guidelines will definitely make you look better.\\nAnd, as we always say, when you look good, you feel good!\\n\\nFraquoh and Franchomme\\n\\nP.S. What issues do you face with your body type? What are your tips for slim\\nbody types? Share your feedback, questions or thoughts in the comments below!\\nFor more articles on style, fashion tips and cultural insights, don’t forget\\nto subscribe to Attire Club via e-mail or follow us on Facebook or Twitter!\\n\\n### Share this:\\n\\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\\n\\n### Related\\n\\n * Tags beauty, body type, clothes, ectomorph, endomorph, fashion, fit, men, men`s fashion, mesomorph, shoulder pads, style, thin men, visual aesthetic\\n\\n## 18 replies on “Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?}\\n(B)”\\n\\nBoldNTrendysays:\\n\\nSeptember 30, 2013 at 11:27 am\\n\\nReblogged this on BOLD AND TRENDY.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nSkinny :(says:\\n\\nOctober 29, 2013 at 10:10 am\\n\\nThank you! I must keep in mind these pieces of advice. 🙂 I’m also looking for\\noffice outfits suggestions. 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAttire Clubsays:\\n\\nOctober 29, 2013 at 10:19 am\\n\\nHello!\\n\\nYou can make a search on our looking for keywords such as “business casual”,\\n“suits” or other interests you might have. For example, in the “How to create\\na versatile wardrobe (published Oct 29th)”, you can see a lot of suggestion\\nand how to dress up or down a work suit.\\n\\nReplyBy Post Author\\n\\nharshsays:\\n\\nMarch 20, 2014 at 11:15 am\\n\\nit is very helpull....\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAttire Clubsays:\\n\\nMarch 20, 2014 at 11:16 am\\n\\nWe are glad you enjoyed it!\\n\\nReplyBy Post Author\\n\\nsjorsoossays:\\n\\nJune 21, 2014 at 11:19 am\\n\\nthese tips are amazing but do u have any tips for this summer because its\\ngoing to be a hot one and when i wear short or something like that i get the\\nidea that my legs ar just like chicken drop sticks 🙁\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAttire Clubsays:\\n\\nJune 21, 2014 at 11:51 am\\n\\nHello! Thank you for the comment. We are glad you liked the tips!\\n\\nTo answer your question, there are a few things you can do if you want your\\nlegs to appear less skinny.\\n\\nFirst of all, you should always make sure that you are wearing clothes that\\nfit you. Don’t wear bigger pants, you won’t look bigger and don’t wear smaller\\nones so that your legs appear bigger in them, you will look strangled and you\\nwon’t fool anyone.\\n\\n1\\\\. Putting on a pair of pants that fits just right is the first step. Go with\\na pair that ends just at the half of your knee for a safe bet.\\n\\n2\\\\. A second thing you can do is add a belt. Belts are great ways to frame\\nyour body. Wearing a belt will add structure to your appearance and will\\ndetermine where your legs end. Setting these limits will make you look bigger.\\n\\n3\\\\. Thirdly, you can wear socks, but make sure you follow a few rules! First\\nof all, don’t wear knee-high socks, you’re not a scout in the 1960s, secondly\\nmake sure you pull them up right. Don’t wear socks with your sandals though!\\nTake a look at this picture for example: http://style.mtv.com/wp-\\ncontent/uploads/2011/09/time-weiland-men.jpg\\n\\n4\\\\. Wear cuffed pants. Even if you are wearing shorts, they can have cuffs (as\\ndo the ones in the picture). These will, again, add structure to your look.\\n\\nDon’t worry so much about your legs being thin, a lot of guys have them. Now\\nyou are in advantage because you know that structure is what will make them\\nlook better! You also know now how to achieve structure. You can use some or\\nall of these elements: belt, socks, cuffs, fit.\\n\\nAs a tip, stay away from wearing suspenders or other vertical stripes. These\\nwill mimic your legs and emphasize their thinness. Instead, go for belts and\\nsolid colors, or big patterns!\\n\\nLet us know if you have any other questions, we’re always glad to help!\\n\\nHave a great summer!\\n\\nBest wishes,\\n\\nF&F\\n\\nReplyBy Post Author\\n\\nBougieHippiesays:\\n\\nJuly 23, 2014 at 3:46 pm\\n\\nAwesome tips. Now to get thin so I can use these tips.lol\\n\\nReply\\n\\nPetesays:\\n\\nOctober 13, 2014 at 1:09 pm\\n\\nI really laughed because i made all types of mistakes dressing up my body\\ntype, but I am also proud to have come at the same conclusions.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAttire Clubsays:\\n\\nOctober 13, 2014 at 1:10 pm\\n\\nWe’re glad to hear you improved your style!Great job, Pete, you’re making us\\nproud!\\n\\nReplyBy Post Author\\n\\nAlansays:\\n\\nNovember 15, 2014 at 9:13 pm\\n\\nI think your blog would be even better if you put more pictures. Just saying.\\nNice post btw!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAttire Clubsays:\\n\\nNovember 15, 2014 at 10:10 pm\\n\\nHi Alan,\\n\\nThank you very much for the appreciation and the feedback! We are constantly\\nworking on improving our posts, so your comment is most welcome!\\n\\nF&F\\n\\nReplyBy Post Author\\n\\nSiddharthsays:\\n\\nOctober 20, 2015 at 3:26 pm\\n\\nI am 23, normal skin, 6,1 and thin(However, i have good looks). Please suggest\\nme the best outfit I can wear on my birthday. Your tips are extremely helpful\\nand will surely implement it.\\n\\nReply\\n\\ndabirsays:\\n\\nJanuary 31, 2016 at 11:17 am\\n\\nI need tips about trousers for thin men with knock knees\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAttire Clubsays:\\n\\nFebruary 1, 2016 at 4:44 pm\\n\\nDear Dabir,\\n\\nThank you for the question.\\n\\nIf you have knock knees, you should wear pants that have a bit of a flair.\\nThis way, you are not held too tightly by the pants and the knock knee is not\\nthat visible. Here’s a good example:\\nhttp://www.1sewingpatterns.com/images0/8466bbur.jpg.\\n\\nFor more on pants, take a look at these articles: The Different Types of Jeans\\nCuts:\\n\\nA relaxed cut, a straight cut or a boot cut jean would work best for you (as\\ncataloged in the article).\\n\\nThe Guide to Casual Pants:\\n\\nhttp://attireclub.org/2014/12/13/casual-pants/\\n\\nStyle Checklist: What to Look for When Buying Pants\\n\\nhttp://attireclub.org/2014/06/08/how-to-buy-pants/\\n\\nOur advice is to make sure you feel comfortable in whatever you wear. If you\\nstress too much about style over comfort, it will be visible, so make sure you\\nopt for something you like stylewise and in which you feel comfortable.\\n\\nLet us know if you have any other questions!\\n\\nYours,\\n\\nF&F\\n\\nReplyBy Post Author\\n\\nOthmansays:\\n\\nApril 27, 2016 at 1:27 pm\\n\\nhello thanks for the article it’s really helpful!! My BIGGEST Nightmare,is the\\nwhite dress shirt i am very Thin Skinny Guy with kind of hourglass bodytype\\n,so how can i wear the white dress shirt and looking normal what should i do\\n?????\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAttire Clubsays:\\n\\nApril 27, 2016 at 1:52 pm\\n\\nDear Othman,\\n\\nThank you for the question. It’s hard to give advice without actually knowing\\nwhat you look like.\\n\\nThe main tip we can give you is that your shirt should fit your body frame\\nwell, regardless of what this is. You can go for a bigger size and have it\\ntailored.\\n\\nYou cal also go for shirts that are tapered and see how it looks.\\n\\nA slim fit shirt in a medium size could also work, but it’s hard to tell from\\na description!\\n\\nAlso, make sure your shirt is tucked in your pants at your waist – some men\\nmake the mistake of pulling their pants to high up. Also,wearing a belt and\\nmatching shoes will make you more proportionate and structured, which is what\\nyou are going for.\\n\\nReplyBy Post Author\\n\\n### Your Comment and Input Cancel reply\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\n## SEARCH\\n\\n## ARCHIVES\\n\\n## INSIDE ATTIRE CLUB\\n\\n * GIFTS\\n * New on AC\\n * Style Guides\\n * InCompany by Attire Club\\n\\n * Issue 12\\n * Issue 13\\n * Issue 14\\n * Issue 15\\n * Issue 16\\n * Issue 17\\n * Issue 18\\n * Concept Store\\n * Free E-Book\\n * About Us\\n * Consulting Services\\n * Collaborators & Clients\\n * Contact\\n\\n * Disclaimer\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * AC Privacy Policy\\n * InCompany by Attire Club Issue 18\\n\\n## Follow Us\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Instagram\\n * VK\\n * Tumblr\\n * Flickr\\n * YouTube\\n\\n## DONATING = LOVING\\n\\nBringing you Attire Club for free takes hundreds of hours each month. If you\\nfind useful information and stimulation here, we would appreciate a donation\\nof your choosing that will allow us to continue to expand and enhance our\\nconcept.\\n\\n## Our Websites\\n\\nOur Websites & Ventures:\\n\\nAttire Club InCompany by Attire Club Liev Arts Fraquoh and Franchomme\\n\\nPrivacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website,\\nyou agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies,\\nsee here: Cookie Policy\\n\\n© 2020 Attire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme\\n\\nPowered by WordPress\\n\\nTo the top ↑ Up ↑\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418212240/http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you’re naturally slender it can be harder than you think to know which styles and clothes will best suit your shape. While many trends look great on slim figures there are some key items every skinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\",\n \"To find out more about how to dress if you’re thin, we spoke to leading fashion expert and TV host Nicky Hambleton-Jones to find out her styling secrets for slim line women, from adding curves in all the right places, to making the most of your slim shape it’s all right here...\",\n \"You can add curves to your frame with peplum style dresses and tops. Bootleg jeans and pants are great on skinny women too as they give the body extra shape and dimension. Alternatively skinny jeans will obviously look fabulous.\",\n \"Dresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls, straight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\",\n \"Wear horizontal stripes on the top half to give your body some added curves. Avoid wearing a lot of black as this can make you look slimmer than you are. Clothing with structure and a peplum top or dress can help give the illusion of a fuller figure. Wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines. A little ruffle can do wonders for a flat chest.\",\n \"Fabrics with some structure are great for creating the illusion of curve, but you don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. If you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics are great but if you want to add curve to your frame then avoid them and go for something thicker like wool.\",\n \"Belts should become your new best friend! Both thick and skinny belts paired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your tiny waist.\",\n \"Thanks to Coco Chanel Breton stripes will never go out of fashion and they’re perfect for creating curves. Long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin upper arms, and boot cut pants are the perfect alternative to skinny jeans.\",\n \"Look for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size and if you have a fuller bust look for supportive halter-neck tops. Again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust.\",\n \"If you’re very slim and want to look more curvaceous then avoid clingy clothing, wearing lots of black in one go and don’t wear overly baggy clothing. Moreover, women with lean figure should avoid sleeveless tops as the appearance of shoulders are more thin. Go for 3⁄4 length or long sleeves.\",\n \"Layering is a great way to give the illusion of curves, layer tops and accessorize with chunky scarves. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame.\",\n \"Wearing long sleeves coupled with a waterfall blazer or jacket will draw attention away from the upper half of your body, especially when teamed with some bright shoes or pants. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some additional shape.\",\n \"In the summer maxi-skirts are great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.\",\n \"Skinny girls should prefer lower heels and Dark colored boots. Boots are generally long and they will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. At the same time, be sure that you avoid heavy shoes. Heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. Instead, wear the shoes which are light weight. The color will add weight to your legs and draw attention away from bony knees.\",\n \"If you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then take a look at Keira Knightley, Miranda Kerr and Emma Stone- these slender celebrities are always well put together and really make the most of their figures.\",\n \"Keep in mind, nobody is perfect, not even the supermodels and by applying some small tricks, you can feel more comfortable in your own skin and also gain some admiring glances. Don’t be afraid to experiment and play with textures, colors and designs to find those pieces of clothes that suit you best and give you confidence.\",\n \"Hopefully, with the above conversation with useful tips, you will have less problems in choosing the best outfits to match your body type. Any other thoughts?\",\n \"Okay wear ruffles?? Are you serious?? It makes me look like I’m some kind of taboo...as for the skinny jean issue, now that’s what I look good in, it all depends on the kind you buy nd how you dress it out on top...so skinny jeans work don’t discourage them just cause you don’t know how to pick them... Straight cut jeans?? Psssht! No offense but those are white tendencies a fashion don’t for skinny people aswell! #DONE\",\n \"does this site hate skinny girls? Why should we basically hide our bodies? that doesn’t seem right. And I have big boobs and a big butt but long skinny legs and arms. Do all these still apply to me?\",\n \"We do not hate skinny girls, rather we encourage them to live a healthy life style. Don’t you see those skinny fashion models who are striving for skinny figure. We hate those sort of attempt. By the way, you are not skinny as you say. So you are curvy, isn’t it?\",\n \"Cool, I never knew that wearing horizontals could give one a curvier image. I agree with not wearing v necks; v necks does not work for me. This helped a lot. Thanks!! 🙂\",\n \"This post and the above comment, posted by the author, are highly offensive to skinny girls. How dare the writer tell anyone what they can’t wear, or what isn’t made for them? Also, saying they “encourage them to live a healthy lifestyle.” Not every “skinny” or “thin” girl is unhealthy. That is completely incorrect and unessessary. The author should not write posts with discrimination and seeming envy of thin women.\",\n \"I’m extremely skinny due to genetics as well as a thyroid condition and I take offense to this post. Who are these people to tell me what I can and can’t wear? I guess I’m supposed to dress like a nun for the rest of my life\",\n \"For one I think the lady in the pic looks very nice with the sleevless top and skinny jeans she is wearing. This info can be taken as a guideline but definately not the rule for how slender women should dress. Eating healthy because you want to take care of yourself is not unhealthy what is unhealthy is not accepting one anther as we are. Fat, skinny, tall ,short ,black, white, pink, green ect. Americans are the one of the most unhealthy people in the world. We eat everything in sight don’t exercise take meds for everything, have surgery to try to perfect ourselves. If we would stop catagorizing people we would all be much happier.\",\n \"I am so skinny and this is not offensive. Get over your selves! And stop getting so offended by every little thing lol! And if you are extremely offended then stop reading.This post has been helpful for skinny people that battle to find the right clothing.\",\n \"The above tips are very helpful. I wonder why some.girks found it offensive.That just means they are not comfortable in their own bodies\",\n \"We are, I am anyway. These posts about being skinny tells girls they’re unattractive because they’re skinny, by saying men dont find it appealing and by saying its unhealthy when it isnt always true. I was born thin, but I’m still shapely and curves and I’m not unhealthy and I get compliments all the time when according to this I’m “disgusting” “like a model”. So this site just skinny shames girls and makes them feel insecure. No one should be shaming anyone.\",\n \"I was born skinny, and all of you internet people say being skinny is unhealthy and its ugly and shit. Well stop, because its not about being too skinny or too fat. You guys only want perfect looking figures. You want it to be a toned stomach, toned legs and all of that. WELL WE WERE ALL BORN DIFFERENT SO ACCEPT IT!\",\n \"I am very thin. 5’4′′ and 101 lbs. I hate it, hard to find clothes that fit etc. I have to wear a padded rear end and bra and still get comments about it all the time. However, I can look really good in clothes that do fit. I love all the positive advice about fashion and all. It’s helpful even if I don’t agree about everything. There’s no reason for negativity here. They’re just trying to help. Take it or leave it just don’t ridicule good intentions. No one is trying to be insulting, just helpful.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls - Living Fit\\n\\nLifestyle\\n\\n# What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls\\n\\n9 years ago\\n\\n13 Comments\\n\\n17,920 Views\\n\\nIf you’re naturally slender it can be harder than you think to know which\\nstyles and clothes will best suit your shape. While many trends look great on\\nslim figures there are some key items every skinny woman should invest in and\\nsome fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\\n\\nTo find out more about how to dress if you’re thin, we spoke to leading\\nfashion expert and TV host Nicky Hambleton-Jones to find out her styling\\nsecrets for slim line women, from adding curves in all the right places, to\\nmaking the most of your slim shape it’s all right here...\\n\\nIf you’re skinny what kinds of dresses, tops and pants should you wear?\\n\\nYou can add curves to your frame with peplum style dresses and tops. Bootleg\\njeans and pants are great on skinny women too as they give the body extra\\nshape and dimension. Alternatively skinny jeans will obviously look fabulous.\\n\\nDresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls,\\nstraight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\\n\\nAre there any style shortcuts to making you look more curvy when you’re very\\nslim?\\n\\nWear horizontal stripes on the top half to give your body some added curves.\\nAvoid wearing a lot of black as this can make you look slimmer than you are.\\nClothing with structure and a peplum top or dress can help give the illusion\\nof a fuller figure. Wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines. A little\\nruffle can do wonders for a flat chest.\\n\\nWhat kinds of fabrics are most flattering when you’re slim?\\n\\nFabrics with some structure are great for creating the illusion of curve, but\\nyou don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. If you\\nwant to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics are great but if you want\\nto add curve to your frame then avoid them and go for something thicker like\\nwool.\\n\\nPleats, layers, belts, textured fabrics are good options to accentuate your\\nsilhouette\\n\\nCan you recommend any accessories that can help make you look fuller figured?\\n\\nBelts should become your new best friend! Both thick and skinny belts paired\\nover a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your\\ntiny waist.\\n\\nStyle inspiration Trends come and go but what style staples should every\\nskinny woman have in their wardrobe?\\n\\nThanks to Coco Chanel Breton stripes will never go out of fashion and they’re\\nperfect for creating curves. Long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin\\nupper arms, and boot cut pants are the perfect alternative to skinny jeans.\\n\\nWhat about beachwear – what style swimwear will flatter skinny women and make\\nthem feel more feminine?\\n\\nLook for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the\\nillusion of a fuller cup size and if you have a fuller bust look for\\nsupportive halter-neck tops. Again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion\\nof a fuller bust.\\n\\nPlay with colors, prints, ruffles, layers, and other elements for adding\\nvolumes\\n\\nWhat are the style no-no’s when you are very slim?\\n\\nIf you’re very slim and want to look more curvaceous then avoid clingy\\nclothing, wearing lots of black in one go and don’t wear overly baggy\\nclothing. Moreover, women with lean figure should avoid sleeveless tops as the\\nappearance of shoulders are more thin. Go for 3⁄4 length or long sleeves.\\n\\nDo you have any other style advice for slim women?\\n\\nLayering is a great way to give the illusion of curves, layer tops and\\naccessorize with chunky scarves. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means\\nto hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually\\naccentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame.\\n\\nWhat is the best way to hide scrawny arms?\\n\\nWearing long sleeves coupled with a waterfall blazer or jacket will draw\\nattention away from the upper half of your body, especially when teamed with\\nsome bright shoes or pants. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some\\nadditional shape.\\n\\nHigh Sleek Boots for thin legged women\\n\\nWhat is the best way to hide skinny legs?\\n\\nIn the summer maxi-skirts are great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the\\nsame time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.\\n\\nAny footwear preference for Skinny Legs?\\n\\nSkinny girls should prefer lower heels and Dark colored boots. Boots are\\ngenerally long and they will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. At the\\nsame time, be sure that you avoid heavy shoes. Heavy shoes will make your legs\\nlook even thinner. Instead, wear the shoes which are light weight. The color\\nwill add weight to your legs and draw attention away from bony knees.\\n\\nIf you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then\\ntake a look at Keira Knightley, Miranda Kerr and Emma Stone- these slender\\ncelebrities are always well put together and really make the most of their\\nfigures.\\n\\nKeira Knightley with her “too” skinny shape, but still always looks good and\\ngorgeous with dresses and skirts\\n\\nKeep in mind, nobody is perfect, not even the supermodels and by applying some\\nsmall tricks, you can feel more comfortable in your own skin and also gain\\nsome admiring glances. Don’t be afraid to experiment and play with textures,\\ncolors and designs to find those pieces of clothes that suit you best and give\\nyou confidence.\\n\\nHopefully, with the above conversation with useful tips, you will have less\\nproblems in choosing the best outfits to match your body type. Any other\\nthoughts?\\n\\nFacebookTwitterPinterestLinkedIn\\n\\n### You may also like\\n\\nMotivation\\n\\n## A Look at John Cena’s Road to Recovery for Hell...\\n\\nYoga\\n\\n## 30 Min Vinyasa Yoga for Strength & Flexibility\\n\\nMotivation\\n\\n## Amazing 175 Pounds Weight Loss Transformation- Meet...\\n\\nWorkout\\n\\n## Deadlift: The King Of Mass-Builders?\\n\\nWorkout\\n\\n## IFBB Pro Victor Martinez Demonstrates Best Leg Workouts\\n\\nLifestyle\\n\\n## Ladies Fitness Fashion- Workout Gears From Gym To...\\n\\n### 13 Comments\\n\\n * MisS A says:\\n\\nFeb 19, 2013 at 9:28 am\\n\\nOkay wear ruffles?? Are you serious?? It makes me look like I’m some kind of\\ntaboo...as for the skinny jean issue, now that’s what I look good in, it all\\ndepends on the kind you buy nd how you dress it out on top...so skinny jeans\\nwork don’t discourage them just cause you don’t know how to pick them...\\nStraight cut jeans?? Psssht! No offense but those are white tendencies a\\nfashion don’t for skinny people aswell! #DONE\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Josie says:\\n\\nApr 29, 2013 at 1:43 pm\\n\\ndoes this site hate skinny girls? Why should we basically hide our bodies?\\nthat doesn’t seem right. And I have big boobs and a big butt but long skinny\\nlegs and arms. Do all these still apply to me?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Ironlifter says:\\n\\nApr 30, 2013 at 12:49 am\\n\\nWe do not hate skinny girls, rather we encourage them to live a healthy life\\nstyle. Don’t you see those skinny fashion models who are striving for skinny\\nfigure. We hate those sort of attempt. By the way, you are not skinny as you\\nsay. So you are curvy, isn’t it?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Tramanh says:\\n\\nJun 9, 2013 at 7:36 am\\n\\nCool, I never knew that wearing horizontals could give one a curvier image. I\\nagree with not wearing v necks; v necks does not work for me. This helped a\\nlot. Thanks!! 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Isabella says:\\n\\nAug 24, 2013 at 5:38 am\\n\\nThis post and the above comment, posted by the author, are highly offensive to\\nskinny girls. How dare the writer tell anyone what they can’t wear, or what\\nisn’t made for them? Also, saying they “encourage them to live a healthy\\nlifestyle.” Not every “skinny” or “thin” girl is unhealthy. That is completely\\nincorrect and unessessary. The author should not write posts with\\ndiscrimination and seeming envy of thin women.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Priya says:\\n\\nSep 8, 2013 at 2:41 pm\\n\\nskinny girls are just skinny, not necessarily unhealthy. stop discriminating.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * amanda says:\\n\\nSep 19, 2013 at 12:07 am\\n\\nI’m extremely skinny due to genetics as well as a thyroid condition and I take\\noffense to this post. Who are these people to tell me what I can and can’t\\nwear? I guess I’m supposed to dress like a nun for the rest of my life\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * finepic says:\\n\\nOct 13, 2013 at 10:23 am\\n\\nFor one I think the lady in the pic looks very nice with the sleevless top and\\nskinny jeans she is wearing. This info can be taken as a guideline but\\ndefinately not the rule for how slender women should dress. Eating healthy\\nbecause you want to take care of yourself is not unhealthy what is unhealthy\\nis not accepting one anther as we are. Fat, skinny, tall ,short ,black, white,\\npink, green ect. Americans are the one of the most unhealthy people in the\\nworld. We eat everything in sight don’t exercise take meds for everything,\\nhave surgery to try to perfect ourselves. If we would stop catagorizing people\\nwe would all be much happier.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Natalie says:\\n\\nJan 8, 2014 at 3:38 am\\n\\nI am so skinny and this is not offensive. Get over your selves! And stop\\ngetting so offended by every little thing lol! And if you are extremely\\noffended then stop reading.This post has been helpful for skinny people that\\nbattle to find the right clothing.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Deannah says:\\n\\nAug 6, 2015 at 7:24 pm\\n\\nThe above tips are very helpful. I wonder why some.girks found it\\noffensive.That just means they are not comfortable in their own bodies\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * This site needs to be removed says:\\n\\nOct 25, 2015 at 8:56 pm\\n\\nWe are, I am anyway. These posts about being skinny tells girls they’re\\nunattractive because they’re skinny, by saying men dont find it appealing and\\nby saying its unhealthy when it isnt always true. I was born thin, but I’m\\nstill shapely and curves and I’m not unhealthy and I get compliments all the\\ntime when according to this I’m “disgusting” “like a model”. So this site just\\nskinny shames girls and makes them feel insecure. No one should be shaming\\nanyone.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Doesn't matter says:\\n\\nSep 16, 2015 at 3:56 am\\n\\nI was born skinny, and all of you internet people say being skinny is\\nunhealthy and its ugly and shit. Well stop, because its not about being too\\nskinny or too fat. You guys only want perfect looking figures. You want it to\\nbe a toned stomach, toned legs and all of that. WELL WE WERE ALL BORN\\nDIFFERENT SO ACCEPT IT!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Renee Lee says:\\n\\nJun 27, 2016 at 1:00 pm\\n\\nI am very thin. 5’4′′ and 101 lbs. I hate it, hard to find clothes that fit\\netc. I have to wear a padded rear end and bra and still get comments about it\\nall the time. However, I can look really good in clothes that do fit. I love\\nall the positive advice about fashion and all. It’s helpful even if I don’t\\nagree about everything. There’s no reason for negativity here. They’re just\\ntrying to help. Take it or leave it just don’t ridicule good intentions. No\\none is trying to be insulting, just helpful.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Comment X\\n\\n© LivingFit 2015. Designed by ottoman.\\n\\n * About\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Disclaimer\\n * Advertise\\n * Write For Us\\n * Contact\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":347,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1381640,"string":"1,381,640"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Grow Pampas Grass"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"If you want to grow pampas grass, start by planting the seeds in soil and watering them lightly so they don't wash away. Let the grass germinate for 20-25 days, then water it every couple of weeks during the first year. Provide the grass with fertilizer 3 times in the first year and 1 time per year thereafter. When your grass is well-established, prune the foliage and flower stalks with a trimmer."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200811224801/https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20200811123152/https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20200522010726/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811224801/https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811123152/https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200522010726/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1017,"string":"1,017"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811224801/https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Pampas Grass Care: Cortaderia Selloana Growing","passages":["So you want to learn about Pampas grass care aka (Cortaderia selloana) a rugged, tall, good-looking perennial plant with lots to offer in both form and function.","Because it grows between ten and thirteen feet in height, and individual tall pampas grass clumps can spread to a width of six feet, it is an excellent choice as privacy screens.","Furthermore, since its stems are stiff and upright and its leaves characterized with a literally razor sharp edge, it makes an effective form of natural fencing.","The beauty of pampas grass easily matches its practical applications. Cortaderia selloana plants sport large and fluffy stalks of graceful plumes or flowers with various shades of white, cream and pink in the late summer.","Cut grass pampas plumes for adding to dried floral arrangements, or simply leave them in place for added winter landscape interest.","Each sharp leaf or blade of ornamental pampas grass displays color from deep green to variegated green and yellow. They sway attractively in the breeze adding texture and interest to the garden throughout the spring, summer and early autumn.","In this article, we will explore the considerations to keep in mind when planting Pampas Grass. We will also share advice on how and where to plant this warm-season grass. Read on to learn more.","It is far too easy to grow the ornamental pampas grass. It grows like a weed and declared an invasive species and noxious weed in Texas and California. It is banned in Hawaii and New Zealand.","This self-sowing plant can also spread via traveling roots. It gets around quickly and can overtake your garden (and your neighbors’ gardens) in very short order if you are not careful!","Young plants of pampas grass embrace a wide variety of growing conditions, and once in place, they increase in size and width with startling rapidity.","This is why it is so important that you make an informed decision regarding planting Pampas Grass. If you decide you want to give it a try, be sure to have a workable plan in place for its management.","You must be certain to have ample room for growth. Understand that if you are planting more than one specimen, you must be able to provide a minimum of six feet of space between plants.","You should also take care to plant pampas grass far away from structures because it is quite flammable and can present a fire hazard.","For best results, select a full sun location to plant pampas grass in a well- drained soil that remains uniformly moist.","However, if you are not able to provide this, you’ll be happy to know that the robust pampas grass plant can adjust to a wide variety of conditions. It can tolerate partial shade and various soil conditions.","In fact, Pampas Grass is drought tolerant but so flexible it can easily tolerate salt and wind. This is why it is an excellent choice for your seaside cottage garden!","It is frequently used for beach-front landscaping because it can even put up with an occasional drenching with ocean water.","This plume grass like (ravenna grass – Saccharum ravennae) does quite well in a wide range of USDA zones (7 through 11). If you are growing pampas grass in a well-protected area, it will do quite nicely in Zone 6. It cannot grow in very cold areas unless you can grow it indoors (as in a mall or botanical garden greenhouse).","Pampas grass can over-winter in containers if brought inside. However, it grows so large that this would be impractical in most situations.","Additionally, the plants’ sharp leaves make it unsuitable for indoor use or use in areas where unsuspecting people might come in contact with it frequently.","If you don’t have a great deal of space and/or don’t want a plant that may take over your garden (or even your neighborhood) you may wish to look into sterile hybrid dwarf varieties.","These dwarf plants only grow to be about five feet high, so they only need four or five feet of space between them and other plants. They do not produce pampas grass seed but can spread through root growth.","Each silvery grey or white plume is more of a deep, golden color making an especially nice counterpoint to showy shrubs, such as highlighting Knockout Roses, Butterfly Bushes and other floral plants of a similar size.","Even though this enthusiastic perennial grass is quite hardy and easy to grow, follow there steps for the very best results.","Dig a generously-sized hole in your prepared soil. If your young plants are in gallon containers, your holes should be about seventeen inches wide and fifteen inches deep.","Remove the plant from its container and massage the root ball to separate the roots so that they can take hold and absorb moisture more easily.","Center your plant in the hole you have dug and refill around the plant with the soil that you have prepared.","Water deeply, immediately. Keep the soil evenly moist as your plant establishes itself. Once established, you will only need to water deeply, occasionally if your area is in a state of drought. Otherwise, the long taproot of this plant will find the water it needs.","When you have an established stand of this rugged ornamental grass, you are sure to find care and maintenance a breeze. It takes very little care.","In cooler areas, at the end of the growing season, late in the autumn, don your gloves and protective wear and tie the leaves of the plant together.","This will help protect the plant against shock caused by cold. If you live in an area that freezes, you may wish to wrap or cover your plants when the temperature drops below freezing.","In the very early spring, you should prune or burn the dead stalks of your plant to the ground. This will not harm the roots, and it will make way for fresh, new growth.","Remember that the leaves of this grass are literally blades. They are razor sharp and can inflict quite a bit of injury. Be sure to wear gloves and sturdy long sleeves to avoid being badly cut when pruning or otherwise handling these plants.","Pampas Grass plants do very well with little or no fertilizer. If you want, you can give it a bit of balanced fertilizer in the springtime after pruning or burning back dead growth. This will help stimulate the springtime growth.","After you prune or burn back your plants in the springtime, you can slice into the root clumps with a sharp shovel. Just dig up a shovelful of roots and relocate them to another setting. Soon you will have a whole new plant.","Note that Pampas Grass comes in both male and female varieties. You can tell the difference by the plumes. The females have fuller, silkier, more attractive plumes. It is best to just propagate the female specimens for the most pleasing results. You will have a much nicer looking stand of Pampas Grass if it is made up of mostly females.","This rampant ornamental grass is considered invasive in many places specifically because it is self-seeding. Pampas grass produces massive numbers of seeds every year. They are carried thither and yon on every passing breeze, and they can germinate and make themselves at home in almost any kind of soil.","The grass can spread with little or no effort from you. The main point of propagation is to get your new plants where you want them, as opposed to having them scattered all around","If you want to grow Pampa Grass from seed, nothing could be easier. Sow the seed directly onto prepared soil in the springtime after all danger of frost passes.","The seeds need light to germinate; therefore, you should sow it in a sunny area and don’t cover it with soil. You may wish to rake the soil lightly before and after sowing to prevent the seed from blowing away or being eaten by birds.","When to plant pampas grass. If you wish, you can sow the seeds in pots indoors a couple of months before the last predicted frost. Sow them lightly on the surface of a loose, well-draining growing medium. Keep them well lit and warm (around 70° degrees Fahrenheit) until they sprout. This should take between twenty and twenty-five days.","After all danger of frost passes, relocate your seedlings to your garden. As with all plants kept indoors during the winter months, you will want to transition your youngsters to the outdoor environment gradually.","Pampas Grass has no enemies, other than cold weather and people who grow tired of it. It resists most, if not all, pests and diseases.","Later, if you change your mind, you’ll pretty much out of luck. It is almost impossible to eradicate once established.","If you decide to get rid of this grass, prepare for a struggle of many years ahead. Many have tried chopping it down and/or burning it.","Remember this grass can spread through traveling roots, which grow deeply into the ground. It’s these deep roots which allow the plant to survive adverse conditions.","For example, in times of drought, even if the above-ground parts of the plant die back, the roots wait patiently underground, biding their time until welcoming conditions prevail once more.","Some people have successfully got rid of it with herbicides, but this is a particularly destructive method. This plant is so tough it will take multiple applications of poison to have any effect. Runoff from herbicides contaminates water supplies, so it is best to avoid use of these and other garden chemicals.","Before you decide to plant this beautiful, yet troublesome ornamental perennial grass, be sure it is allowed in your area. Check with your local agricultural extension office or consult the USDA online to be certain Pampas Grass is allowed where you live.","Plantcaretoday.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com"]},"parsed_md":"Pampas Grass Care: Cortaderia Selloana Growing | Maintenance | Pruning\n\nSkip to content\n\nHome » Perennial » Grass\n\n# Pampas Grass Care | Growing, Pruning Cortaderia Selloana\n\nSo you want to learn about Pampas grass care aka (Cortaderia selloana) a\nrugged, tall, good-looking perennial plant with lots to offer in both form and\nfunction.\n\nBecause it grows between ten and thirteen feet in height, and individual tall\npampas grass clumps can spread to a width of six feet, it is an excellent\nchoice as privacy screens.\n\nFurthermore, since its stems are stiff and upright and its leaves\ncharacterized with a literally razor sharp edge, it makes an effective form of\nnatural fencing.\n\nThe beauty of pampas grass easily matches its practical applications.\nCortaderia selloana plants sport large and fluffy stalks of graceful plumes or\nflowers with various shades of white, cream and pink in the late summer.\n\nCut grass pampas plumes for adding to dried floral arrangements, or simply\nleave them in place for added winter landscape interest.\n\nEach sharp leaf or blade of ornamental pampas grass displays color from deep\ngreen to variegated green and yellow. They sway attractively in the breeze\nadding texture and interest to the garden throughout the spring, summer and\nearly autumn.\n\nAll these positive attributes make Cortaderia Pampas Grass a popular landscape\nselection. However, the plant does have some downsides.\n\nIn this article, we will explore the considerations to keep in mind when\nplanting Pampas Grass. We will also share advice on how and where to plant\nthis warm-season grass. Read on to learn more.\n\n## How To Care For Pampas Grass\n\nIt is far too easy to grow the ornamental pampas grass. It grows like a weed\nand declared an invasive species and noxious weed in Texas and California. It\nis banned in Hawaii and New Zealand.\n\nThis self-sowing plant can also spread via traveling roots. It gets around\nquickly and can overtake your garden (and your neighbors’ gardens) in very\nshort order if you are not careful!\n\nYoung plants of pampas grass embrace a wide variety of growing conditions, and\nonce in place, they increase in size and width with startling rapidity.\n\nThis is why it is so important that you make an informed decision regarding\nplanting Pampas Grass. If you decide you want to give it a try, be sure to\nhave a workable plan in place for its management.\n\nYou must be certain to have ample room for growth. Understand that if you are\nplanting more than one specimen, you must be able to provide a minimum of six\nfeet of space between plants.\n\nYou should also take care to plant pampas grass far away from structures\nbecause it is quite flammable and can present a fire hazard.\n\nRelated Reading:\n\n * 10 Ways You Can Use Ornamental Grasses In The Landscape\n * Growing Sweet Flag – Acorus Gramineus ‘Variegatus’ Plants\n * Mondo Grass Plant Care – Growing Ophiopogon Jaburan\n\nFor best results, select a full sun location to plant pampas grass in a well-\ndrained soil that remains uniformly moist.\n\nHowever, if you are not able to provide this, you’ll be happy to know that the\nrobust pampas grass plant can adjust to a wide variety of conditions. It can\ntolerate partial shade and various soil conditions.\n\nIn fact, Pampas Grass is drought tolerant but so flexible it can easily\ntolerate salt and wind. This is why it is an excellent choice for your seaside\ncottage garden!\n\nIt is frequently used for beach-front landscaping because it can even put up\nwith an occasional drenching with ocean water.\n\n### Caring For Pampas Grass\n\nThis plume grass like (ravenna grass – Saccharum ravennae) does quite well in\na wide range of USDA zones (7 through 11). If you are growing pampas grass in\na well-protected area, it will do quite nicely in Zone 6. It cannot grow in\nvery cold areas unless you can grow it indoors (as in a mall or botanical\ngarden greenhouse).\n\nPampas grass can over-winter in containers if brought inside. However, it\ngrows so large that this would be impractical in most situations.\n\nAdditionally, the plants’ sharp leaves make it unsuitable for indoor use or\nuse in areas where unsuspecting people might come in contact with it\nfrequently.\n\n## Smaller Dwarf Pampas Grass Varieties\n\nIf you don’t have a great deal of space and/or don’t want a plant that may\ntake over your garden (or even your neighborhood) you may wish to look into\nsterile hybrid dwarf varieties.\n\nThese dwarf plants only grow to be about five feet high, so they only need\nfour or five feet of space between them and other plants. They do not produce\npampas grass seed but can spread through root growth.\n\nDwarf pampas varieties are especially hardy and take up far less space than\noriginal Pampas Grass.\n\nEach silvery grey or white plume is more of a deep, golden color making an\nespecially nice counterpoint to showy shrubs, such as highlighting Knockout\nRoses, Butterfly Bushes and other floral plants of a similar size.\n\n## Steps To Take When Planting and Growing Pampas Grass\n\nEven though this enthusiastic perennial grass is quite hardy and easy to grow,\nfollow there steps for the very best results.\n\n * Pick a bright, sunny location and drain soil lightly, not excessively dry.\n * Plan on giving each of your young plants 6-8 feet of space on all sides.\n * Prepare your soil by tilling it well and incorporating some organic compost and/or well-composted manure.\n * Dig a generously-sized hole in your prepared soil. If your young plants are in gallon containers, your holes should be about seventeen inches wide and fifteen inches deep.\n * Remove the plant from its container and massage the root ball to separate the roots so that they can take hold and absorb moisture more easily.\n * Center your plant in the hole you have dug and refill around the plant with the soil that you have prepared.\n * Water deeply, immediately. Keep the soil evenly moist as your plant establishes itself. Once established, you will only need to water deeply, occasionally if your area is in a state of drought. Otherwise, the long taproot of this plant will find the water it needs.\n\n## Pampas Grass Maintenance: Taking Care Of Cortaderia\n\nWhen you have an established stand of this rugged ornamental grass, you are\nsure to find care and maintenance a breeze. It takes very little care.\n\nIn cooler areas, at the end of the growing season, late in the autumn, don\nyour gloves and protective wear and tie the leaves of the plant together.\n\nThis will help protect the plant against shock caused by cold. If you live in\nan area that freezes, you may wish to wrap or cover your plants when the\ntemperature drops below freezing.\n\n### Pampas Grass Pruning\n\nIn the very early spring, you should prune or burn the dead stalks of your\nplant to the ground. This will not harm the roots, and it will make way for\nfresh, new growth.\n\nRemember that the leaves of this grass are literally blades. They are razor\nsharp and can inflict quite a bit of injury. Be sure to wear gloves and sturdy\nlong sleeves to avoid being badly cut when pruning or otherwise handling these\nplants.\n\n### Pampas Grass Fertilizer – Does Cortaderia Selloana Need Lots Of\nFertilizer?\n\nPampas Grass plants do very well with little or no fertilizer. If you want,\nyou can give it a bit of balanced fertilizer in the springtime after pruning\nor burning back dead growth. This will help stimulate the springtime growth.\n\n### How Do You Propagate Pampas Grass?\n\nAfter you prune or burn back your plants in the springtime, you can slice into\nthe root clumps with a sharp shovel. Just dig up a shovelful of roots and\nrelocate them to another setting. Soon you will have a whole new plant.\n\nNote that Pampas Grass comes in both male and female varieties. You can tell\nthe difference by the plumes. The females have fuller, silkier, more\nattractive plumes. It is best to just propagate the female specimens for the\nmost pleasing results. You will have a much nicer looking stand of Pampas\nGrass if it is made up of mostly females.\n\n### How To Plant Pampas Grass Seeds\n\nAlso, how fast does pampas grass grow?\n\nThis rampant ornamental grass is considered invasive in many places\nspecifically because it is self-seeding. Pampas grass produces massive numbers\nof seeds every year. They are carried thither and yon on every passing breeze,\nand they can germinate and make themselves at home in almost any kind of soil.\n\nThe grass can spread with little or no effort from you. The main point of\npropagation is to get your new plants where you want them, as opposed to\nhaving them scattered all around\n\nIf you want to grow Pampa Grass from seed, nothing could be easier. Sow the\nseed directly onto prepared soil in the springtime after all danger of frost\npasses.\n\nThe seeds need light to germinate; therefore, you should sow it in a sunny\narea and don’t cover it with soil. You may wish to rake the soil lightly\nbefore and after sowing to prevent the seed from blowing away or being eaten\nby birds.\n\nWhen to plant pampas grass. If you wish, you can sow the seeds in pots indoors\na couple of months before the last predicted frost. Sow them lightly on the\nsurface of a loose, well-draining growing medium. Keep them well lit and warm\n(around 70° degrees Fahrenheit) until they sprout. This should take between\ntwenty and twenty-five days.\n\nAfter all danger of frost passes, relocate your seedlings to your garden. As\nwith all plants kept indoors during the winter months, you will want to\ntransition your youngsters to the outdoor environment gradually.\n\n### Pests & Diseases Of Perennial Pampas\n\nPampas Grass has no enemies, other than cold weather and people who grow tired\nof it. It resists most, if not all, pests and diseases.\n\n## Think Carefully Before Planting Grass Pampas!\n\nPampas Grass is a very attractive plant that adds drama and beauty to any\nlandscape.\n\nRemember, if you decide to plant it, you must keep it under control.\n\nLater, if you change your mind, you’ll pretty much out of luck. It is almost\nimpossible to eradicate once established.\n\nSo, how to get rid of pampas grass?\n\nIf you decide to get rid of this grass, prepare for a struggle of many years\nahead. Many have tried chopping it down and/or burning it.\n\nThis only stimulates the grass to produce new growth or to “go underground.”\n\nRemember this grass can spread through traveling roots, which grow deeply into\nthe ground. It’s these deep roots which allow the plant to survive adverse\nconditions.\n\nFor example, in times of drought, even if the above-ground parts of the plant\ndie back, the roots wait patiently underground, biding their time until\nwelcoming conditions prevail once more.\n\nSome people have successfully got rid of it with herbicides, but this is a\nparticularly destructive method. This plant is so tough it will take multiple\napplications of poison to have any effect. Runoff from herbicides contaminates\nwater supplies, so it is best to avoid use of these and other garden\nchemicals.\n\nBefore you decide to plant this beautiful, yet troublesome ornamental\nperennial grass, be sure it is allowed in your area. Check with your local\nagricultural extension office or consult the USDA online to be certain Pampas\nGrass is allowed where you live.\n\nOther Grasses To Consider Include:\n\n * Maiden Grass – Miscanthus sinensis\n * Fountain Grass – Pennisetum setaceum & pennisetum alopecuroide\n * Learn To Grow Lomandra Grass\n\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * Turtle Head Plant: How To Grow And Care For Chelone Plants\n * Philodendron Scandens Care: How To Grow Sweetheart Philodendron Hederaceum\n * Questions and Answers On Philodendron Pink Princess Care\n * Growing Croton Mammy: How To Care For Colorful Codiaeum Mammy\n * Floss Flower: How To Care For Ageratum Houstonianum\n * How Do You Grow A Pink Princess Philodendron\n * How To Transplant Succulents Successfully Tips and Tricks\n\n## Service\n\n * Contact\n * About Us\n * Medical Disclaimer\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n\n## Amazon Associates Program\n\nPlantcaretoday.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com\n\n## Follow Us on Social\n\n© 2020 · plantcaretoday.com · Privacy Policy\n\nScroll back to top\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811123152/https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Care for Pampas Grass","passages":["Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high. Attractive white plumes that look similar to cotton candy appear on large flower stalks in summer and fall. Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow. Minimal care is required for pampas grass to thrive in most areas of the country.","Plant pampas grass in mid-spring in a location that receives full sun to light shade and has well-drained, loamy soil. Dig a hole about three times as wide as the root system and of equal depth. Spread the roots with your hands, place the plant into the hole and back-fill with soil. Space plants 6 to 8 feet apart for mass plantings.","Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.","Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow.","Water pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage growth. Continue providing water once every two weeks for the first year. Water only during periods of drought once plants become established, usually after about two weeks with no natural rainfall. No additional supplemental watering is required for mature plants.","Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth. Reduce feeding to once per year in March beginning in the second year of growth. Refer to the instructions on the packaging for proper dosage. Water thoroughly before and after applying fertilizer.","Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth.","Prune pampas grass in early spring around February. Wear leather gloves to protect your hands from the sharp blades of grass. Tie a piece of rope around the entire plant about 4 feet from the ground and use a power weed trimmer to remove all the foliage and flower stalks above 12 inches in height.","Divide pampas grass clumps in spring, shortly after pruning for the best results. Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several new plants. One clump can typically be divided into 6 or 8 new pampas grass plants. Replant the divided clumps immediately and begin caring for them as usual.","Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.","Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.","Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.","Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger."]},"parsed_md":"Garden Guides | How to Care for Pampas Grass\n\n * Flowers\n * Structures\n * Produce\n * Trees\n * Lawn\n\n×\n\n * Flowers\n * Structures\n * Produce\n * Trees\n * Lawn\n\nPlan the perfect garden with our interactive tool →\n\nShare this article\n\nLearn which plants thrive in your Hardiness Zone with our new interactive map!\n\nVisit Map →\n\n * Home /\n * Lawn\n\n# How to Care for Pampas Grass\n\nBy: Willow Sidhe\n\n●\n\n21 September, 2017\n\nPampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and\ndurable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.\nAttractive white plumes that look similar to cotton candy appear on large\nflower stalks in summer and fall. Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes,\nbut it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow. Minimal care is\nrequired for pampas grass to thrive in most areas of the country.\n\nPlant pampas grass in mid-spring in a location that receives full sun to light\nshade and has well-drained, loamy soil. Dig a hole about three times as wide\nas the root system and of equal depth. Spread the roots with your hands, place\nthe plant into the hole and back-fill with soil. Space plants 6 to 8 feet\napart for mass plantings.\n\n * Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.\n * Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow.\n\nWater pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage\ngrowth. Continue providing water once every two weeks for the first year.\nWater only during periods of drought once plants become established, usually\nafter about two weeks with no natural rainfall. No additional supplemental\nwatering is required for mature plants.\n\nFeed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in\nMarch, May and September during the first year of growth. Reduce feeding to\nonce per year in March beginning in the second year of growth. Refer to the\ninstructions on the packaging for proper dosage. Water thoroughly before and\nafter applying fertilizer.\n\n * Water pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage growth.\n * Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth.\n\nPrune pampas grass in early spring around February. Wear leather gloves to\nprotect your hands from the sharp blades of grass. Tie a piece of rope around\nthe entire plant about 4 feet from the ground and use a power weed trimmer to\nremove all the foliage and flower stalks above 12 inches in height.\n\nDivide pampas grass clumps in spring, shortly after pruning for the best\nresults. Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several\nnew plants. One clump can typically be divided into 6 or 8 new pampas grass\nplants. Replant the divided clumps immediately and begin caring for them as\nusual.\n\n * Prune pampas grass in early spring around February.\n * Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several new plants.\n\nTip\n\nPampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt\nspray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on\nthe edge of lawns.\n\nWarning\n\nDo not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp\nleaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of\ndriveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\n\n## Related Articles\n\nHow to Garden Shenandoah Switch Grass→\n\nHow to Care for Ribbon Grass→\n\nHow Long Is the Oat Growing Season?→\n\nHow to Care for Maiden Grass→\n\nTypes of Grass in Oklahoma→\n\nTypes of Prairie Grass→\n\nTips\n\n * Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.\n\nWarnings\n\n * Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\n\nThings Needed\n\n * Fertilizer\n * Leather gloves\n * Rope\n * Power weed trimmer\n * Shovel\n\nReferences\n\n * Cortaderia Selloana\n * UT Gardens Plant of the Month: Pampas Grass\n * Georgia Gardener's Guide; Erica Glasener, Walter Reeves; 2004\n\nPlan Your Garden →\n\n×\n\n * Flowers\n * Structures\n * Produce\n * Trees\n * Lawn\n\n * About Us\n * Accessibility\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Copyright Policy\n * Manage Preferences\n\nCopyright Leaf Group Ltd. // Leaf Group Lifestyle. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200522010726/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml","parsed_text":{"title":"Ask the gardener: Pampas grass","passages":["Warton's Bill Blackledge is one of the county's most popular and sought after gardeners. If it's green and needs watering, Bill can tell you about it. He has been answering BBC Radio Lancashire listeners' queries for over thirty years, which means he's been there nearly as long as the transmitter!","His knowledge is encyclopedic. After training at the under the then Ministry of Agriculture, Bill spent over twenty years at the Department of Biological and Environmental Services at Lancaster University. Now, he's a regular course tutor at Alston Hall, Longridge and Lancaster Adult College.","For three decades, Bill has travelled the county with fellow judges as a regional judge for North West in Bloom.","My pampas grass is now very large (about 10 years old) and although I have been pulling out as much of the dead foliage as I can for the last few years in spring time it is now almost impossible to access the centre of the plant to clear out the dead material. I see you recommend pruning using shears/secateurs. If I cut the plant right back to the centre so I can clear out the old dead material will I do it any harm? Previously I have only pulled out the worst leaves, leaving any newer growth still attached. Many thanks.","I would not cut right back your Pampas Grass to its centre especially at this time of year Sharon (May), new flowering shoots will now be forming. The time for removing any dead material, especially from the old central area, is January/February time when any old and dead material can be cleared out. I realise the difficulty you will have in reaching the centre of the plant but, as mentioned above I would refrain from cutting right back at this time of year.","You will Jenny need to choose a plant which will be compatible with your Pampas Grass and which can also tolerate dry conditions. One plant which would 'fit the bill' is a Yucca plant, these plants are easy to grow and the smaller species Yucca Gloriosa Variegata will grow to a height of approximately three to four feet producing beautiful spiked flowers. A larger variety is the plain green Yucca Gloriosa which, again, produces beautiful spiked flowers but will grow into quite large plants. The other alternative would be to grow along side your Pampas Grass other grass species such as Miscanthus Sinensis or the Zebra Grass (Miscanthus Zebrinus).","Our Pampas Grass is growing well and full of lovely plumes (2 Feb), which are usually quite bedraggled by August when we are having a garden party. If I prune the plumes, will it flower again by end of July?","There are approximately 20 species of Pampas Grasses Judy and these species will flower throughout the summer months and also late autumn time and, with your Pampas Grass presently full of plumes it could one of the late autumn flowering species. Unfortunately it is difficult to give you a precise answer to your question of whether cutting off the plumes now will encourage new plumes by end of July. Part of the problem is what species of Pampas Grass is growing in your garden but, as you will be probably aware if you do cut any flowers back you will encourage more flowering stems to form and this could be the case with your Pampas Grass. I am sorry that I cannot be of any more help and I am afraid that it will just have to be trial and error.","I planted 2 small pampas in my front lawns in September, they haven't grown which I expected given the season and are now reduced to a bunch of creamy paper textured leaves. Are the plants dead or will I see the plants recovering in the spring?","Pampas Grass (Cortaderia) loves to grow in a sunny position and in a well drained soil and, if your two small plants are growing in water logged conditions the roots could quite easily have rotted off. But, during this time of year quite a number of leaves of Pampas Grasses do turn brown and have a creamy paper texture and I would therefore leave your plants until early springtime to see if any new shoots appear.","You can sow your Pampas Grass seed early springtime in a general seed and potting compost. The seeds are reasonably easy to germinate and when the seedlings are large enough to handle they can be repotted into a three and a half inch to four inch pot again, using a multipurpose purpose compost. If you then need to repot into a larger container I would use a soil base compost such as John Innes No2/3 with ten to fifteen per cent additional grit sand added. Pampas Grass thrives in well drained soil and a sunny position.","My husband gave me a tiny pampas grass to plant at the side of our garden, next to the border, two years ago. It has done very well and is a nice size. It also achieved two plumes, although one was broken off by the children! As it has grown, it has taken up a fair amount of lawn. This is not a problem at the size that it is now, but I do not want it to get any bigger. Do I have to dig it up and split it every few years, or will cutting it back keep it at a certain size? Also, I do all of the gardening, but my husband will be upset if I cut the grass back. I need expert advice explaining why I should cut it back. Please advise, thanks.","Depending on the variety of Pampas Grass you have in your garden Sam the size will vary from five to eight feet tall and four to six feet wide and, to keep your Pampas Grass under control in late winter early springtime trim back all the dead foliage and comb out any dead material from the centre of the plant. An old method used on the dead foliage was to burn the Grass in the winter months but this is now frowned upon as Ladybirds and Hedgehogs hibernate in the foliage during the winter period. If you feel that your plant is becoming too large you can trim back some of the tussocks to keep it under control and propagation of Pampas Grass can be easily be done by dividing the tussocks early springtime and from seed sowing during March/April time.","I have had a pampas in a tub for 2 years now. I want to plant it in the garden, when is the best time?","It is far too wet at the present time (January) Tracey to transplant your Pampas Grass (Cortaderia) but, as soon as the weather improves and the soil is warmer - and not frosty - you will then be able to transplant your Pampas Grass into your garden. I would work into your soil some well rotted manure and also a liberal dressing of a general base fertiliser. Pampas Grass will grow in a wide range of soils providing that the soil is well drained and, they are a very tough plant but a general feed with a base fertiliser such as Fish Blood and Bone Meal early spring should suffice.","I am shortly moving to a small semi-bungalow which has an old large Pampas Grass with a stem aleast 2/3 feet in diameter, growing in the front garden about 3/4 feet from the front bedroom window of the bungalow and also close to my neighbours wall as well. Do you think this plant's roots could damage these bungalow's foundations being so close? If I want to get rid of it, could it be cut off just below ground level and poisoned to kill it? Would appreciate any help or views you may have.","Pampas Grass produces very tough spongy compact roots and not a lot of actively vigorous tap roots which can be troublesome to foundations during very dry periods. But, as you have mentioned your large Pampas Grass is only three to four feet from the front bedroom window and although it is highly unlikely, the roots could still be troublesome to your bungalows foundation and your neighbour's wall. You mention 'poisoning' your Pampas Grass and there are weedkillers available but you will need to be careful if there are plants in close vicinity. If however you have no plants in close vicinity to your Pampas Grass, I would recommend the weedkiller Rootout. If there are plants close by I would cut your Pampas Grass back and when new shoots and leaves appear I would spray with a glyphosate weedkiller such as RoundUp or Tumbleweed - taking care to protect nearby plants from spray drift.","I have moved a Pampas Grass about two months ago (May). It seems to have survived the move but nearly all the leaves have brown tips - the end nine inches or so. Is this the result of the move, the fault of all the rainfall we have been having, or just something that will repair itself in time.","You will find Brian that Pampas Grass is a very tough plant and I am sure even though the leaves have brown tips your plant will soon recover and the problem will have arisen due to you transplanting your grass. Once your Pampas Grass has become established the new leaves which will appear will I am sure be healthy and next Spring any old leaves can be cut back to encourage more new growth.","After trimming my Pampas Grass, I find it appears to be all paper and rotted stumps, in the centre at ground level. What can I do to rectify this, if anything? Many thanks.","Pampas Grass (Cortaderia Selloana) is a very tough plant Jackie and will thrive in a wide range of soils but, the plant does not like waterlogged conditions and I am just wondering if this could be the problem with your Pampas Grass. You will need to remove all the dry leaves from the central area of the plant - which will in turn encourage new shoots to appear.","I have a relatively small pampas grass where some off the plumes have been blown over by very strong winds. Do I need to remove these plumes?","If your Pampas Grass Plumes are completely bent over Sandra you are far better cutting these off at base level and although I am not an expert on Floral Art I have been told that if you dry the plume stems at room temperature you will be able to use these in floral displays.","I want to plant pampas grass in a small patch about 8x4 which used to be the potting shed, it has a soil depth of about 12\" with a concrete bottom. Will the plant grow in this depth? Also I have a white Pampas which I can split up. Can I split this now? I want to get a pink one to go alongside, will the two grow together? Can you suggest anything else that will go with these? Thanks","It is going to be very difficult for your Pampas Grass to grow successfully in twelve inches of soil Roger and there is also the added problem of the concrete base which will seriously restrict the root growth of your Pampas Grass - also the drainage of the soil will lead to water logged conditions during the winter months. If at all possible I would try and break up the concrete base and remove large parts of it - this will allow the roots to grow into the subsoil and alleviate the above mentioned problems. On the question of splitting your Pampas Grass I would wait until early Spring and providing you leave enough space between the Pampas Grasses there is no reason why the pink and white cannot be grown close together. Regarding other architectural plants which will complement your Pampas Grasses I would suggest Yucca Gloriosa and Phormium Tenax.","I have a pampas plant in the middle of my lawn and want to remove it. What is the best way to do it, or can you recomend a removal specialist?","You will need to wait Nick for a reasonable period of dry weather before attempting to remove your Pampas Grass from the middle of your lawn - early Spring would be ideal. If you try and lift your plant during November - when conditions are wet and damp - you will do endless damage to your lawn. The best way to lift your Pampas Grass, which is a tough plant to remove as the roots are very tight and spongy - is with a sharp spade, pick for leverage and 'brute force'. Regarding your question of hiring a 'removal specialist' I would contact a local Garden Contractor. Good luck!","Is it possible to split or prune one of those very tough spiky grass-like plants that grow quite tall - can't remember what they're called, possibly a type of flax? Mine is getting too big for its position!","The tough spiky grass you have Mary could be the Pampas Grass or it could be one of the Phormium Species (the New Zealand Flax) Both of these plants can be split but you would be far better waiting until the Autumn or early next Spring.","I have a Pampas grass plant with a lot of dead leaves. I have been told it is possible to burn out the dead leaves. Is this possible?","It is a little late in the year to set fire to your Pampas Grass as there will be plenty of new shoots now appearing which you do not want to damage. You will need to remove the dead leaves and I personally always use a sharp pair of shears. I would also recommend that you use a good pair of gloves as the leaf edges are very sharp. Regarding burning the leaves off your Pampas Grass January or February would be the ideal time but, I would ensure your plant is well away from your house and I would also check your insurance policy!","We have a pampas grass which looks beautiful, is extremely green and healthy but never has any plumes growing from it. We've had it for over four years.","Some varieties of Pampas Grass do require a number of years before they will actually flower and what we have to do with your plant Mairi is to try and force it to flower. I would not water it nor feed it and the dry conditions we have recently had could quite easily force your Pampas Grass to flower. Basically it is growing in too rich a soil and is quite happy producing healthy leaves and no flower spikes.","Planted a Pampas Grass two years ago, it has thrived, i.e. tall, green and healthy looking but no flowers, those lovely silvery fronds we expected. Why?","You have got to ignore your Pampas Grass Thomas - do not water it or feed it and the shortage of water plus nutrients will hopefully force your Pampas Grass to flower.","I have a large pampas grass between me and my neighbour's bungalow. We are both in agreement that it is taking a lot of room up and would like to pull it up. We would like to know what sort of root it has got and if it will be easy to lift. My daughter said that she would have it in her garden but we need to know if our task will be an easy one.","The operation is not going to be easy Diane - the Pampas Grass has a very tight spongy and tough root system and, you are going to need at least a pick and very sharp spade. What I would suggest you do is to commandeer a couple of strong volunteers to give you a hand - but I would delay the operation until the Autumn. Good Luck!","I have a large Pampas grass in my garden, what care do I need to give it? Any advice please?","Pampas Grass loves to be planted in a well drained soil and in a sunny position, and when established they are a 'tough customer' and need little attention. What you will need to do in the early Spring Mair is to give your plant a trim and tidy up by cutting out any of the dead leaves and debris in the centre of the plant. At this time of year you can also give it a general feed with a base fertliser such a Growmore or Fish Blood and Bone Meal. Approximately four to six ounces around the base of the plant. If we do have a very dry summer you may need to water the plant but otherwise no attention is required.","About 10 years ago my father in law (who passed away 2 years ago) planted a Pampas Grass in a small plot in front of his living room window. This has since grown so much that it is blocking the light from the room. I have pruned it several times but now wish to get rid of it completely. I have cut it down to about two feet above ground level. As my wife and I are now both pensioners we haven't got the health/strength/energy to dig out the roots. Is there any weed killer that we could use or would tree stump killer work on this?","It is a very difficult task to dig out the roots of Pampas Grass John, the roots are closely knitted together and you will need a pick axe as well as a sharp spade to try and dig out the roots and I would try the method which you have mentioned. I would use Root Out Stump Killer - which is not only used for tree stumps but also troublesome weeds such as Brambles and Mares Tail. It can be applied in a crystal form and also diluted and watered into the plants. The product is bio degradable and is harmless to pets and children."]},"parsed_md":"BBC - Lancashire - Nature - Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Access keys help\n\nThis page has been archived and is no longer updated. Find out more about page\narchiving.\n\n| 24 September 2014 \n--- \n \nBBC Homepage \n \n--- \n \n * BBC Local\n\n * Lancashire\n\n * Things to do\n\n * People & Places\n\n * * Nature\n\n * History\n\n * Religion & Ethics\n\n * Arts and Culture\n\n * BBC Introducing\n\n * TV & Radio\n\n### Local BBC Sites\n\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * Travel\n\n### Neighbouring Sites\n\n * Bradford\n * Cumbria\n * Isle of Man\n * Liverpool\n * Manchester\n\n### Related BBC Sites\n\n * England\n\n \n \nContact Us \n \n# Features\n\nYou are in: Lancashire > Nature > Features > Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\n## Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\nAll you need to know about your pampas grass plants...\n\nWarton's Bill Blackledge is one of the county's most popular and sought after\ngardeners. If it's green and needs watering, Bill can tell you about it. He\nhas been answering BBC Radio Lancashire listeners' queries for over thirty\nyears, which means he's been there nearly as long as the transmitter!\n\nHis knowledge is encyclopedic. After training at the under the then Ministry\nof Agriculture, Bill spent over twenty years at the Department of Biological\nand Environmental Services at Lancaster University. Now, he's a regular course\ntutor at Alston Hall, Longridge and Lancaster Adult College.\n\nFor three decades, Bill has travelled the county with fellow judges as a\nregional judge for North West in Bloom.\n\nSo, whatever the problem, we like to think Bill can sort it out... at least\nthat's the theory!\n\n\\------\n\n### Sharon Warwick asks...\n\nMy pampas grass is now very large (about 10 years old) and although I have\nbeen pulling out as much of the dead foliage as I can for the last few years\nin spring time it is now almost impossible to access the centre of the plant\nto clear out the dead material. I see you recommend pruning using\nshears/secateurs. If I cut the plant right back to the centre so I can clear\nout the old dead material will I do it any harm? Previously I have only pulled\nout the worst leaves, leaving any newer growth still attached. Many thanks.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nI would not cut right back your Pampas Grass to its centre especially at this\ntime of year Sharon (May), new flowering shoots will now be forming. The time\nfor removing any dead material, especially from the old central area, is\nJanuary/February time when any old and dead material can be cleared out. I\nrealise the difficulty you will have in reaching the centre of the plant but,\nas mentioned above I would refrain from cutting right back at this time of\nyear.\n\n\\------\n\n### Jenny Rice asks...\n\nWhat type of plants can i plant next to my pampas grass if any?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou will Jenny need to choose a plant which will be compatible with your\nPampas Grass and which can also tolerate dry conditions. One plant which would\n'fit the bill' is a Yucca plant, these plants are easy to grow and the smaller\nspecies Yucca Gloriosa Variegata will grow to a height of approximately three\nto four feet producing beautiful spiked flowers. A larger variety is the plain\ngreen Yucca Gloriosa which, again, produces beautiful spiked flowers but will\ngrow into quite large plants. The other alternative would be to grow along\nside your Pampas Grass other grass species such as Miscanthus Sinensis or the\nZebra Grass (Miscanthus Zebrinus).\n\n\\------\n\n### Judy asks...\n\nOur Pampas Grass is growing well and full of lovely plumes (2 Feb), which are\nusually quite bedraggled by August when we are having a garden party. If I\nprune the plumes, will it flower again by end of July?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nThere are approximately 20 species of Pampas Grasses Judy and these species\nwill flower throughout the summer months and also late autumn time and, with\nyour Pampas Grass presently full of plumes it could one of the late autumn\nflowering species. Unfortunately it is difficult to give you a precise answer\nto your question of whether cutting off the plumes now will encourage new\nplumes by end of July. Part of the problem is what species of Pampas Grass is\ngrowing in your garden but, as you will be probably aware if you do cut any\nflowers back you will encourage more flowering stems to form and this could be\nthe case with your Pampas Grass. I am sorry that I cannot be of any more help\nand I am afraid that it will just have to be trial and error.\n\n\\------\n\n### Ann Wardrop asks...\n\nI planted 2 small pampas in my front lawns in September, they haven't grown\nwhich I expected given the season and are now reduced to a bunch of creamy\npaper textured leaves. Are the plants dead or will I see the plants recovering\nin the spring?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia) loves to grow in a sunny position and in a well\ndrained soil and, if your two small plants are growing in water logged\nconditions the roots could quite easily have rotted off. But, during this time\nof year quite a number of leaves of Pampas Grasses do turn brown and have a\ncreamy paper texture and I would therefore leave your plants until early\nspringtime to see if any new shoots appear.\n\n\\------\n\n### Malcolm Hogg asks...\n\nWhat is the best medium for striking pampas grass seed and then potting on?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou can sow your Pampas Grass seed early springtime in a general seed and\npotting compost. The seeds are reasonably easy to germinate and when the\nseedlings are large enough to handle they can be repotted into a three and a\nhalf inch to four inch pot again, using a multipurpose purpose compost. If you\nthen need to repot into a larger container I would use a soil base compost\nsuch as John Innes No2/3 with ten to fifteen per cent additional grit sand\nadded. Pampas Grass thrives in well drained soil and a sunny position.\n\n\\------\n\n### Sam Porter asks...\n\nMy husband gave me a tiny pampas grass to plant at the side of our garden,\nnext to the border, two years ago. It has done very well and is a nice size.\nIt also achieved two plumes, although one was broken off by the children! As\nit has grown, it has taken up a fair amount of lawn. This is not a problem at\nthe size that it is now, but I do not want it to get any bigger. Do I have to\ndig it up and split it every few years, or will cutting it back keep it at a\ncertain size? Also, I do all of the gardening, but my husband will be upset if\nI cut the grass back. I need expert advice explaining why I should cut it\nback. Please advise, thanks.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nDepending on the variety of Pampas Grass you have in your garden Sam the size\nwill vary from five to eight feet tall and four to six feet wide and, to keep\nyour Pampas Grass under control in late winter early springtime trim back all\nthe dead foliage and comb out any dead material from the centre of the plant.\nAn old method used on the dead foliage was to burn the Grass in the winter\nmonths but this is now frowned upon as Ladybirds and Hedgehogs hibernate in\nthe foliage during the winter period. If you feel that your plant is becoming\ntoo large you can trim back some of the tussocks to keep it under control and\npropagation of Pampas Grass can be easily be done by dividing the tussocks\nearly springtime and from seed sowing during March/April time.\n\n\\------\n\n### Tracey Preston asks...\n\nI have had a pampas in a tub for 2 years now. I want to plant it in the\ngarden, when is the best time?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is far too wet at the present time (January) Tracey to transplant your\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia) but, as soon as the weather improves and the soil is\nwarmer - and not frosty - you will then be able to transplant your Pampas\nGrass into your garden. I would work into your soil some well rotted manure\nand also a liberal dressing of a general base fertiliser. Pampas Grass will\ngrow in a wide range of soils providing that the soil is well drained and,\nthey are a very tough plant but a general feed with a base fertiliser such as\nFish Blood and Bone Meal early spring should suffice.\n\n\\------\n\n### Rob Gough asks...\n\nI am shortly moving to a small semi-bungalow which has an old large Pampas\nGrass with a stem aleast 2/3 feet in diameter, growing in the front garden\nabout 3/4 feet from the front bedroom window of the bungalow and also close to\nmy neighbours wall as well. Do you think this plant's roots could damage these\nbungalow's foundations being so close? If I want to get rid of it, could it be\ncut off just below ground level and poisoned to kill it? Would appreciate any\nhelp or views you may have.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass produces very tough spongy compact roots and not a lot of\nactively vigorous tap roots which can be troublesome to foundations during\nvery dry periods. But, as you have mentioned your large Pampas Grass is only\nthree to four feet from the front bedroom window and although it is highly\nunlikely, the roots could still be troublesome to your bungalows foundation\nand your neighbour's wall. You mention 'poisoning' your Pampas Grass and there\nare weedkillers available but you will need to be careful if there are plants\nin close vicinity. If however you have no plants in close vicinity to your\nPampas Grass, I would recommend the weedkiller Rootout. If there are plants\nclose by I would cut your Pampas Grass back and when new shoots and leaves\nappear I would spray with a glyphosate weedkiller such as RoundUp or\nTumbleweed - taking care to protect nearby plants from spray drift.\n\n\\------\n\n### Brian Passey asks...\n\nI have moved a Pampas Grass about two months ago (May). It seems to have\nsurvived the move but nearly all the leaves have brown tips - the end nine\ninches or so. Is this the result of the move, the fault of all the rainfall we\nhave been having, or just something that will repair itself in time.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou will find Brian that Pampas Grass is a very tough plant and I am sure even\nthough the leaves have brown tips your plant will soon recover and the problem\nwill have arisen due to you transplanting your grass. Once your Pampas Grass\nhas become established the new leaves which will appear will I am sure be\nhealthy and next Spring any old leaves can be cut back to encourage more new\ngrowth.\n\n\\------\n\n### Jackie Whitmarsh asks...\n\nAfter trimming my Pampas Grass, I find it appears to be all paper and rotted\nstumps, in the centre at ground level. What can I do to rectify this, if\nanything? Many thanks.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia Selloana) is a very tough plant Jackie and will\nthrive in a wide range of soils but, the plant does not like waterlogged\nconditions and I am just wondering if this could be the problem with your\nPampas Grass. You will need to remove all the dry leaves from the central area\nof the plant - which will in turn encourage new shoots to appear.\n\n\\------\n\n### Sandra asks...\n\nI have a relatively small pampas grass where some off the plumes have been\nblown over by very strong winds. Do I need to remove these plumes?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIf your Pampas Grass Plumes are completely bent over Sandra you are far better\ncutting these off at base level and although I am not an expert on Floral Art\nI have been told that if you dry the plume stems at room temperature you will\nbe able to use these in floral displays.\n\n\\------\n\n### Roger asks...\n\nI want to plant pampas grass in a small patch about 8x4 which used to be the\npotting shed, it has a soil depth of about 12\" with a concrete bottom. Will\nthe plant grow in this depth? Also I have a white Pampas which I can split up.\nCan I split this now? I want to get a pink one to go alongside, will the two\ngrow together? Can you suggest anything else that will go with these? Thanks\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is going to be very difficult for your Pampas Grass to grow successfully in\ntwelve inches of soil Roger and there is also the added problem of the\nconcrete base which will seriously restrict the root growth of your Pampas\nGrass - also the drainage of the soil will lead to water logged conditions\nduring the winter months. If at all possible I would try and break up the\nconcrete base and remove large parts of it - this will allow the roots to grow\ninto the subsoil and alleviate the above mentioned problems. On the question\nof splitting your Pampas Grass I would wait until early Spring and providing\nyou leave enough space between the Pampas Grasses there is no reason why the\npink and white cannot be grown close together. Regarding other architectural\nplants which will complement your Pampas Grasses I would suggest Yucca\nGloriosa and Phormium Tenax.\n\n\\------\n\n### Nick Regan asks...\n\nI have a pampas plant in the middle of my lawn and want to remove it. What is\nthe best way to do it, or can you recomend a removal specialist?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou will need to wait Nick for a reasonable period of dry weather before\nattempting to remove your Pampas Grass from the middle of your lawn - early\nSpring would be ideal. If you try and lift your plant during November - when\nconditions are wet and damp - you will do endless damage to your lawn. The\nbest way to lift your Pampas Grass, which is a tough plant to remove as the\nroots are very tight and spongy - is with a sharp spade, pick for leverage and\n'brute force'. Regarding your question of hiring a 'removal specialist' I\nwould contact a local Garden Contractor. Good luck!\n\n\\------\n\n### Mary Cooper asks...\n\nIs it possible to split or prune one of those very tough spiky grass-like\nplants that grow quite tall - can't remember what they're called, possibly a\ntype of flax? Mine is getting too big for its position!\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nThe tough spiky grass you have Mary could be the Pampas Grass or it could be\none of the Phormium Species (the New Zealand Flax) Both of these plants can be\nsplit but you would be far better waiting until the Autumn or early next\nSpring.\n\n\\------\n\n### W Donnan asks...\n\nI have a Pampas grass plant with a lot of dead leaves. I have been told it is\npossible to burn out the dead leaves. Is this possible?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is a little late in the year to set fire to your Pampas Grass as there will\nbe plenty of new shoots now appearing which you do not want to damage. You\nwill need to remove the dead leaves and I personally always use a sharp pair\nof shears. I would also recommend that you use a good pair of gloves as the\nleaf edges are very sharp. Regarding burning the leaves off your Pampas Grass\nJanuary or February would be the ideal time but, I would ensure your plant is\nwell away from your house and I would also check your insurance policy!\n\n\\------\n\n### Mairi Morrison asks...\n\nWe have a pampas grass which looks beautiful, is extremely green and healthy\nbut never has any plumes growing from it. We've had it for over four years.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nSome varieties of Pampas Grass do require a number of years before they will\nactually flower and what we have to do with your plant Mairi is to try and\nforce it to flower. I would not water it nor feed it and the dry conditions we\nhave recently had could quite easily force your Pampas Grass to flower.\nBasically it is growing in too rich a soil and is quite happy producing\nhealthy leaves and no flower spikes.\n\n\\------\n\n### Thomas Hall asks...\n\nPlanted a Pampas Grass two years ago, it has thrived, i.e. tall, green and\nhealthy looking but no flowers, those lovely silvery fronds we expected. Why?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou have got to ignore your Pampas Grass Thomas - do not water it or feed it\nand the shortage of water plus nutrients will hopefully force your Pampas\nGrass to flower.\n\n\\------\n\n### Diane Taylor asks...\n\nI have a large pampas grass between me and my neighbour's bungalow. We are\nboth in agreement that it is taking a lot of room up and would like to pull it\nup. We would like to know what sort of root it has got and if it will be easy\nto lift. My daughter said that she would have it in her garden but we need to\nknow if our task will be an easy one.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nThe operation is not going to be easy Diane - the Pampas Grass has a very\ntight spongy and tough root system and, you are going to need at least a pick\nand very sharp spade. What I would suggest you do is to commandeer a couple of\nstrong volunteers to give you a hand - but I would delay the operation until\nthe Autumn. Good Luck!\n\n\\------\n\n### Mair Bissell asks...\n\nI have a large Pampas grass in my garden, what care do I need to give it? Any\nadvice please?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass loves to be planted in a well drained soil and in a sunny\nposition, and when established they are a 'tough customer' and need little\nattention. What you will need to do in the early Spring Mair is to give your\nplant a trim and tidy up by cutting out any of the dead leaves and debris in\nthe centre of the plant. At this time of year you can also give it a general\nfeed with a base fertliser such a Growmore or Fish Blood and Bone Meal.\nApproximately four to six ounces around the base of the plant. If we do have a\nvery dry summer you may need to water the plant but otherwise no attention is\nrequired.\n\n\\------\n\n### John Dunn asks...\n\nAbout 10 years ago my father in law (who passed away 2 years ago) planted a\nPampas Grass in a small plot in front of his living room window. This has\nsince grown so much that it is blocking the light from the room. I have pruned\nit several times but now wish to get rid of it completely. I have cut it down\nto about two feet above ground level. As my wife and I are now both pensioners\nwe haven't got the health/strength/energy to dig out the roots. Is there any\nweed killer that we could use or would tree stump killer work on this?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is a very difficult task to dig out the roots of Pampas Grass John, the\nroots are closely knitted together and you will need a pick axe as well as a\nsharp spade to try and dig out the roots and I would try the method which you\nhave mentioned. I would use Root Out Stump Killer - which is not only used for\ntree stumps but also troublesome weeds such as Brambles and Mares Tail. It can\nbe applied in a crystal form and also diluted and watered into the plants. The\nproduct is bio degradable and is harmless to pets and children.\n\nlast updated: 16/05/2008 at 09:34 created: 07/03/2007\n\n## SEE ALSO\n\n * Acers\n * Apples\n * Azaleas\n * Bamboo\n * Bay trees\n * Berries\n * Camellia\n * Cherry trees\n * Chillies and peppers\n * Cordylines\n * Cuttings and propagation\n * Damsons and Plums\n * Eucalyptus\n * Flax (Phormiums)\n * Hedges\n * Holly\n * Killing off plants\n * Lawns and grass\n * Magnolias\n * Moving plants\n * Onions and olives\n * Oranges, lemons and limes\n * Pampas grass\n * Pears\n * Pests and diseases\n * Pruning\n * Red Robin (Photinia)\n * Roses\n * Silver Birch\n * Tomatoes\n * Other Fruit & Vegetable questions\n * Willow\n * Yuccas\n * All other gardening questions\n * Ask the Gardener\n\n * Features\n * Nature\n\nYou are in: Lancashire > Nature > Features > Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\nHomeEmailPrintTopSite Contents\n\n## See Also\n\n * Features\n * Nature\n\n### On this site\n\n * Acers\n * Apples\n * Azaleas\n * Bamboo\n * Bay trees\n * Berries\n * Camellia\n * Cherry trees\n * Chillies and peppers\n * Cordylines\n * Cuttings and propagation\n * Damsons and Plums\n * Eucalyptus\n * Flax (Phormiums)\n * Hedges\n * Holly\n * Killing off plants\n * Lawns and grass\n * Magnolias\n * Moving plants\n * Onions and olives\n * Oranges, lemons and limes\n * Pampas grass\n * Pears\n * Pests and diseases\n * Pruning\n * Red Robin (Photinia)\n * Roses\n * Silver Birch\n * Tomatoes\n * Other Fruit & Vegetable questions\n * Willow\n * Yuccas\n * All other gardening questions\n * Ask the Gardener\n\nFind a wildlife place or event near you:\n\n## Local history\n\nFind out more about our fascinating history.\n\nBBC Lancashire, Darwen Street, Blackburn, Lancashire, BB2 2EA phone: 01254\n262411 | e-mail: lancashire@bbc.co.uk \n \n--- \nAbout the BBC | Help | Terms of Use | Privacy & Cookies Policy \n---\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811224801/https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Pampas Grass Care: Cortaderia Selloana Growing\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"So you want to learn about Pampas grass care aka (Cortaderia selloana) a rugged, tall, good-looking perennial plant with lots to offer in both form and function.\",\n \"Because it grows between ten and thirteen feet in height, and individual tall pampas grass clumps can spread to a width of six feet, it is an excellent choice as privacy screens.\",\n \"Furthermore, since its stems are stiff and upright and its leaves characterized with a literally razor sharp edge, it makes an effective form of natural fencing.\",\n \"The beauty of pampas grass easily matches its practical applications. Cortaderia selloana plants sport large and fluffy stalks of graceful plumes or flowers with various shades of white, cream and pink in the late summer.\",\n \"Cut grass pampas plumes for adding to dried floral arrangements, or simply leave them in place for added winter landscape interest.\",\n \"Each sharp leaf or blade of ornamental pampas grass displays color from deep green to variegated green and yellow. They sway attractively in the breeze adding texture and interest to the garden throughout the spring, summer and early autumn.\",\n \"In this article, we will explore the considerations to keep in mind when planting Pampas Grass. We will also share advice on how and where to plant this warm-season grass. Read on to learn more.\",\n \"It is far too easy to grow the ornamental pampas grass. It grows like a weed and declared an invasive species and noxious weed in Texas and California. It is banned in Hawaii and New Zealand.\",\n \"This self-sowing plant can also spread via traveling roots. It gets around quickly and can overtake your garden (and your neighbors’ gardens) in very short order if you are not careful!\",\n \"Young plants of pampas grass embrace a wide variety of growing conditions, and once in place, they increase in size and width with startling rapidity.\",\n \"This is why it is so important that you make an informed decision regarding planting Pampas Grass. If you decide you want to give it a try, be sure to have a workable plan in place for its management.\",\n \"You must be certain to have ample room for growth. Understand that if you are planting more than one specimen, you must be able to provide a minimum of six feet of space between plants.\",\n \"You should also take care to plant pampas grass far away from structures because it is quite flammable and can present a fire hazard.\",\n \"For best results, select a full sun location to plant pampas grass in a well- drained soil that remains uniformly moist.\",\n \"However, if you are not able to provide this, you’ll be happy to know that the robust pampas grass plant can adjust to a wide variety of conditions. It can tolerate partial shade and various soil conditions.\",\n \"In fact, Pampas Grass is drought tolerant but so flexible it can easily tolerate salt and wind. This is why it is an excellent choice for your seaside cottage garden!\",\n \"It is frequently used for beach-front landscaping because it can even put up with an occasional drenching with ocean water.\",\n \"This plume grass like (ravenna grass – Saccharum ravennae) does quite well in a wide range of USDA zones (7 through 11). If you are growing pampas grass in a well-protected area, it will do quite nicely in Zone 6. It cannot grow in very cold areas unless you can grow it indoors (as in a mall or botanical garden greenhouse).\",\n \"Pampas grass can over-winter in containers if brought inside. However, it grows so large that this would be impractical in most situations.\",\n \"Additionally, the plants’ sharp leaves make it unsuitable for indoor use or use in areas where unsuspecting people might come in contact with it frequently.\",\n \"If you don’t have a great deal of space and/or don’t want a plant that may take over your garden (or even your neighborhood) you may wish to look into sterile hybrid dwarf varieties.\",\n \"These dwarf plants only grow to be about five feet high, so they only need four or five feet of space between them and other plants. They do not produce pampas grass seed but can spread through root growth.\",\n \"Each silvery grey or white plume is more of a deep, golden color making an especially nice counterpoint to showy shrubs, such as highlighting Knockout Roses, Butterfly Bushes and other floral plants of a similar size.\",\n \"Even though this enthusiastic perennial grass is quite hardy and easy to grow, follow there steps for the very best results.\",\n \"Dig a generously-sized hole in your prepared soil. If your young plants are in gallon containers, your holes should be about seventeen inches wide and fifteen inches deep.\",\n \"Remove the plant from its container and massage the root ball to separate the roots so that they can take hold and absorb moisture more easily.\",\n \"Center your plant in the hole you have dug and refill around the plant with the soil that you have prepared.\",\n \"Water deeply, immediately. Keep the soil evenly moist as your plant establishes itself. Once established, you will only need to water deeply, occasionally if your area is in a state of drought. Otherwise, the long taproot of this plant will find the water it needs.\",\n \"When you have an established stand of this rugged ornamental grass, you are sure to find care and maintenance a breeze. It takes very little care.\",\n \"In cooler areas, at the end of the growing season, late in the autumn, don your gloves and protective wear and tie the leaves of the plant together.\",\n \"This will help protect the plant against shock caused by cold. If you live in an area that freezes, you may wish to wrap or cover your plants when the temperature drops below freezing.\",\n \"In the very early spring, you should prune or burn the dead stalks of your plant to the ground. This will not harm the roots, and it will make way for fresh, new growth.\",\n \"Remember that the leaves of this grass are literally blades. They are razor sharp and can inflict quite a bit of injury. Be sure to wear gloves and sturdy long sleeves to avoid being badly cut when pruning or otherwise handling these plants.\",\n \"Pampas Grass plants do very well with little or no fertilizer. If you want, you can give it a bit of balanced fertilizer in the springtime after pruning or burning back dead growth. This will help stimulate the springtime growth.\",\n \"After you prune or burn back your plants in the springtime, you can slice into the root clumps with a sharp shovel. Just dig up a shovelful of roots and relocate them to another setting. Soon you will have a whole new plant.\",\n \"Note that Pampas Grass comes in both male and female varieties. You can tell the difference by the plumes. The females have fuller, silkier, more attractive plumes. It is best to just propagate the female specimens for the most pleasing results. You will have a much nicer looking stand of Pampas Grass if it is made up of mostly females.\",\n \"This rampant ornamental grass is considered invasive in many places specifically because it is self-seeding. Pampas grass produces massive numbers of seeds every year. They are carried thither and yon on every passing breeze, and they can germinate and make themselves at home in almost any kind of soil.\",\n \"The grass can spread with little or no effort from you. The main point of propagation is to get your new plants where you want them, as opposed to having them scattered all around\",\n \"If you want to grow Pampa Grass from seed, nothing could be easier. Sow the seed directly onto prepared soil in the springtime after all danger of frost passes.\",\n \"The seeds need light to germinate; therefore, you should sow it in a sunny area and don’t cover it with soil. You may wish to rake the soil lightly before and after sowing to prevent the seed from blowing away or being eaten by birds.\",\n \"When to plant pampas grass. If you wish, you can sow the seeds in pots indoors a couple of months before the last predicted frost. Sow them lightly on the surface of a loose, well-draining growing medium. Keep them well lit and warm (around 70° degrees Fahrenheit) until they sprout. This should take between twenty and twenty-five days.\",\n \"After all danger of frost passes, relocate your seedlings to your garden. As with all plants kept indoors during the winter months, you will want to transition your youngsters to the outdoor environment gradually.\",\n \"Pampas Grass has no enemies, other than cold weather and people who grow tired of it. It resists most, if not all, pests and diseases.\",\n \"Later, if you change your mind, you’ll pretty much out of luck. It is almost impossible to eradicate once established.\",\n \"If you decide to get rid of this grass, prepare for a struggle of many years ahead. Many have tried chopping it down and/or burning it.\",\n \"Remember this grass can spread through traveling roots, which grow deeply into the ground. It’s these deep roots which allow the plant to survive adverse conditions.\",\n \"For example, in times of drought, even if the above-ground parts of the plant die back, the roots wait patiently underground, biding their time until welcoming conditions prevail once more.\",\n \"Some people have successfully got rid of it with herbicides, but this is a particularly destructive method. This plant is so tough it will take multiple applications of poison to have any effect. Runoff from herbicides contaminates water supplies, so it is best to avoid use of these and other garden chemicals.\",\n \"Before you decide to plant this beautiful, yet troublesome ornamental perennial grass, be sure it is allowed in your area. Check with your local agricultural extension office or consult the USDA online to be certain Pampas Grass is allowed where you live.\",\n \"Plantcaretoday.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Pampas Grass Care: Cortaderia Selloana Growing | Maintenance | Pruning\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\nHome » Perennial » Grass\\n\\n# Pampas Grass Care | Growing, Pruning Cortaderia Selloana\\n\\nSo you want to learn about Pampas grass care aka (Cortaderia selloana) a\\nrugged, tall, good-looking perennial plant with lots to offer in both form and\\nfunction.\\n\\nBecause it grows between ten and thirteen feet in height, and individual tall\\npampas grass clumps can spread to a width of six feet, it is an excellent\\nchoice as privacy screens.\\n\\nFurthermore, since its stems are stiff and upright and its leaves\\ncharacterized with a literally razor sharp edge, it makes an effective form of\\nnatural fencing.\\n\\nThe beauty of pampas grass easily matches its practical applications.\\nCortaderia selloana plants sport large and fluffy stalks of graceful plumes or\\nflowers with various shades of white, cream and pink in the late summer.\\n\\nCut grass pampas plumes for adding to dried floral arrangements, or simply\\nleave them in place for added winter landscape interest.\\n\\nEach sharp leaf or blade of ornamental pampas grass displays color from deep\\ngreen to variegated green and yellow. They sway attractively in the breeze\\nadding texture and interest to the garden throughout the spring, summer and\\nearly autumn.\\n\\nAll these positive attributes make Cortaderia Pampas Grass a popular landscape\\nselection. However, the plant does have some downsides.\\n\\nIn this article, we will explore the considerations to keep in mind when\\nplanting Pampas Grass. We will also share advice on how and where to plant\\nthis warm-season grass. Read on to learn more.\\n\\n## How To Care For Pampas Grass\\n\\nIt is far too easy to grow the ornamental pampas grass. It grows like a weed\\nand declared an invasive species and noxious weed in Texas and California. It\\nis banned in Hawaii and New Zealand.\\n\\nThis self-sowing plant can also spread via traveling roots. It gets around\\nquickly and can overtake your garden (and your neighbors’ gardens) in very\\nshort order if you are not careful!\\n\\nYoung plants of pampas grass embrace a wide variety of growing conditions, and\\nonce in place, they increase in size and width with startling rapidity.\\n\\nThis is why it is so important that you make an informed decision regarding\\nplanting Pampas Grass. If you decide you want to give it a try, be sure to\\nhave a workable plan in place for its management.\\n\\nYou must be certain to have ample room for growth. Understand that if you are\\nplanting more than one specimen, you must be able to provide a minimum of six\\nfeet of space between plants.\\n\\nYou should also take care to plant pampas grass far away from structures\\nbecause it is quite flammable and can present a fire hazard.\\n\\nRelated Reading:\\n\\n * 10 Ways You Can Use Ornamental Grasses In The Landscape\\n * Growing Sweet Flag – Acorus Gramineus ‘Variegatus’ Plants\\n * Mondo Grass Plant Care – Growing Ophiopogon Jaburan\\n\\nFor best results, select a full sun location to plant pampas grass in a well-\\ndrained soil that remains uniformly moist.\\n\\nHowever, if you are not able to provide this, you’ll be happy to know that the\\nrobust pampas grass plant can adjust to a wide variety of conditions. It can\\ntolerate partial shade and various soil conditions.\\n\\nIn fact, Pampas Grass is drought tolerant but so flexible it can easily\\ntolerate salt and wind. This is why it is an excellent choice for your seaside\\ncottage garden!\\n\\nIt is frequently used for beach-front landscaping because it can even put up\\nwith an occasional drenching with ocean water.\\n\\n### Caring For Pampas Grass\\n\\nThis plume grass like (ravenna grass – Saccharum ravennae) does quite well in\\na wide range of USDA zones (7 through 11). If you are growing pampas grass in\\na well-protected area, it will do quite nicely in Zone 6. It cannot grow in\\nvery cold areas unless you can grow it indoors (as in a mall or botanical\\ngarden greenhouse).\\n\\nPampas grass can over-winter in containers if brought inside. However, it\\ngrows so large that this would be impractical in most situations.\\n\\nAdditionally, the plants’ sharp leaves make it unsuitable for indoor use or\\nuse in areas where unsuspecting people might come in contact with it\\nfrequently.\\n\\n## Smaller Dwarf Pampas Grass Varieties\\n\\nIf you don’t have a great deal of space and/or don’t want a plant that may\\ntake over your garden (or even your neighborhood) you may wish to look into\\nsterile hybrid dwarf varieties.\\n\\nThese dwarf plants only grow to be about five feet high, so they only need\\nfour or five feet of space between them and other plants. They do not produce\\npampas grass seed but can spread through root growth.\\n\\nDwarf pampas varieties are especially hardy and take up far less space than\\noriginal Pampas Grass.\\n\\nEach silvery grey or white plume is more of a deep, golden color making an\\nespecially nice counterpoint to showy shrubs, such as highlighting Knockout\\nRoses, Butterfly Bushes and other floral plants of a similar size.\\n\\n## Steps To Take When Planting and Growing Pampas Grass\\n\\nEven though this enthusiastic perennial grass is quite hardy and easy to grow,\\nfollow there steps for the very best results.\\n\\n * Pick a bright, sunny location and drain soil lightly, not excessively dry.\\n * Plan on giving each of your young plants 6-8 feet of space on all sides.\\n * Prepare your soil by tilling it well and incorporating some organic compost and/or well-composted manure.\\n * Dig a generously-sized hole in your prepared soil. If your young plants are in gallon containers, your holes should be about seventeen inches wide and fifteen inches deep.\\n * Remove the plant from its container and massage the root ball to separate the roots so that they can take hold and absorb moisture more easily.\\n * Center your plant in the hole you have dug and refill around the plant with the soil that you have prepared.\\n * Water deeply, immediately. Keep the soil evenly moist as your plant establishes itself. Once established, you will only need to water deeply, occasionally if your area is in a state of drought. Otherwise, the long taproot of this plant will find the water it needs.\\n\\n## Pampas Grass Maintenance: Taking Care Of Cortaderia\\n\\nWhen you have an established stand of this rugged ornamental grass, you are\\nsure to find care and maintenance a breeze. It takes very little care.\\n\\nIn cooler areas, at the end of the growing season, late in the autumn, don\\nyour gloves and protective wear and tie the leaves of the plant together.\\n\\nThis will help protect the plant against shock caused by cold. If you live in\\nan area that freezes, you may wish to wrap or cover your plants when the\\ntemperature drops below freezing.\\n\\n### Pampas Grass Pruning\\n\\nIn the very early spring, you should prune or burn the dead stalks of your\\nplant to the ground. This will not harm the roots, and it will make way for\\nfresh, new growth.\\n\\nRemember that the leaves of this grass are literally blades. They are razor\\nsharp and can inflict quite a bit of injury. Be sure to wear gloves and sturdy\\nlong sleeves to avoid being badly cut when pruning or otherwise handling these\\nplants.\\n\\n### Pampas Grass Fertilizer – Does Cortaderia Selloana Need Lots Of\\nFertilizer?\\n\\nPampas Grass plants do very well with little or no fertilizer. If you want,\\nyou can give it a bit of balanced fertilizer in the springtime after pruning\\nor burning back dead growth. This will help stimulate the springtime growth.\\n\\n### How Do You Propagate Pampas Grass?\\n\\nAfter you prune or burn back your plants in the springtime, you can slice into\\nthe root clumps with a sharp shovel. Just dig up a shovelful of roots and\\nrelocate them to another setting. Soon you will have a whole new plant.\\n\\nNote that Pampas Grass comes in both male and female varieties. You can tell\\nthe difference by the plumes. The females have fuller, silkier, more\\nattractive plumes. It is best to just propagate the female specimens for the\\nmost pleasing results. You will have a much nicer looking stand of Pampas\\nGrass if it is made up of mostly females.\\n\\n### How To Plant Pampas Grass Seeds\\n\\nAlso, how fast does pampas grass grow?\\n\\nThis rampant ornamental grass is considered invasive in many places\\nspecifically because it is self-seeding. Pampas grass produces massive numbers\\nof seeds every year. They are carried thither and yon on every passing breeze,\\nand they can germinate and make themselves at home in almost any kind of soil.\\n\\nThe grass can spread with little or no effort from you. The main point of\\npropagation is to get your new plants where you want them, as opposed to\\nhaving them scattered all around\\n\\nIf you want to grow Pampa Grass from seed, nothing could be easier. Sow the\\nseed directly onto prepared soil in the springtime after all danger of frost\\npasses.\\n\\nThe seeds need light to germinate; therefore, you should sow it in a sunny\\narea and don’t cover it with soil. You may wish to rake the soil lightly\\nbefore and after sowing to prevent the seed from blowing away or being eaten\\nby birds.\\n\\nWhen to plant pampas grass. If you wish, you can sow the seeds in pots indoors\\na couple of months before the last predicted frost. Sow them lightly on the\\nsurface of a loose, well-draining growing medium. Keep them well lit and warm\\n(around 70° degrees Fahrenheit) until they sprout. This should take between\\ntwenty and twenty-five days.\\n\\nAfter all danger of frost passes, relocate your seedlings to your garden. As\\nwith all plants kept indoors during the winter months, you will want to\\ntransition your youngsters to the outdoor environment gradually.\\n\\n### Pests & Diseases Of Perennial Pampas\\n\\nPampas Grass has no enemies, other than cold weather and people who grow tired\\nof it. It resists most, if not all, pests and diseases.\\n\\n## Think Carefully Before Planting Grass Pampas!\\n\\nPampas Grass is a very attractive plant that adds drama and beauty to any\\nlandscape.\\n\\nRemember, if you decide to plant it, you must keep it under control.\\n\\nLater, if you change your mind, you’ll pretty much out of luck. It is almost\\nimpossible to eradicate once established.\\n\\nSo, how to get rid of pampas grass?\\n\\nIf you decide to get rid of this grass, prepare for a struggle of many years\\nahead. Many have tried chopping it down and/or burning it.\\n\\nThis only stimulates the grass to produce new growth or to “go underground.”\\n\\nRemember this grass can spread through traveling roots, which grow deeply into\\nthe ground. It’s these deep roots which allow the plant to survive adverse\\nconditions.\\n\\nFor example, in times of drought, even if the above-ground parts of the plant\\ndie back, the roots wait patiently underground, biding their time until\\nwelcoming conditions prevail once more.\\n\\nSome people have successfully got rid of it with herbicides, but this is a\\nparticularly destructive method. This plant is so tough it will take multiple\\napplications of poison to have any effect. Runoff from herbicides contaminates\\nwater supplies, so it is best to avoid use of these and other garden\\nchemicals.\\n\\nBefore you decide to plant this beautiful, yet troublesome ornamental\\nperennial grass, be sure it is allowed in your area. Check with your local\\nagricultural extension office or consult the USDA online to be certain Pampas\\nGrass is allowed where you live.\\n\\nOther Grasses To Consider Include:\\n\\n * Maiden Grass – Miscanthus sinensis\\n * Fountain Grass – Pennisetum setaceum & pennisetum alopecuroide\\n * Learn To Grow Lomandra Grass\\n\\n * Pinterest\\n * Facebook\\n\\n## Recent Posts\\n\\n * Turtle Head Plant: How To Grow And Care For Chelone Plants\\n * Philodendron Scandens Care: How To Grow Sweetheart Philodendron Hederaceum\\n * Questions and Answers On Philodendron Pink Princess Care\\n * Growing Croton Mammy: How To Care For Colorful Codiaeum Mammy\\n * Floss Flower: How To Care For Ageratum Houstonianum\\n * How Do You Grow A Pink Princess Philodendron\\n * How To Transplant Succulents Successfully Tips and Tricks\\n\\n## Service\\n\\n * Contact\\n * About Us\\n * Medical Disclaimer\\n * Affiliate Disclosure\\n\\n## Amazon Associates Program\\n\\nPlantcaretoday.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com\\n\\n## Follow Us on Social\\n\\n© 2020 · plantcaretoday.com · Privacy Policy\\n\\nScroll back to top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811123152/https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Care for Pampas Grass\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high. Attractive white plumes that look similar to cotton candy appear on large flower stalks in summer and fall. Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow. Minimal care is required for pampas grass to thrive in most areas of the country.\",\n \"Plant pampas grass in mid-spring in a location that receives full sun to light shade and has well-drained, loamy soil. Dig a hole about three times as wide as the root system and of equal depth. Spread the roots with your hands, place the plant into the hole and back-fill with soil. Space plants 6 to 8 feet apart for mass plantings.\",\n \"Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.\",\n \"Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow.\",\n \"Water pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage growth. Continue providing water once every two weeks for the first year. Water only during periods of drought once plants become established, usually after about two weeks with no natural rainfall. No additional supplemental watering is required for mature plants.\",\n \"Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth. Reduce feeding to once per year in March beginning in the second year of growth. Refer to the instructions on the packaging for proper dosage. Water thoroughly before and after applying fertilizer.\",\n \"Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth.\",\n \"Prune pampas grass in early spring around February. Wear leather gloves to protect your hands from the sharp blades of grass. Tie a piece of rope around the entire plant about 4 feet from the ground and use a power weed trimmer to remove all the foliage and flower stalks above 12 inches in height.\",\n \"Divide pampas grass clumps in spring, shortly after pruning for the best results. Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several new plants. One clump can typically be divided into 6 or 8 new pampas grass plants. Replant the divided clumps immediately and begin caring for them as usual.\",\n \"Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.\",\n \"Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\",\n \"Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.\",\n \"Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Garden Guides | How to Care for Pampas Grass\\n\\n * Flowers\\n * Structures\\n * Produce\\n * Trees\\n * Lawn\\n\\n×\\n\\n * Flowers\\n * Structures\\n * Produce\\n * Trees\\n * Lawn\\n\\nPlan the perfect garden with our interactive tool →\\n\\nShare this article\\n\\nLearn which plants thrive in your Hardiness Zone with our new interactive map!\\n\\nVisit Map →\\n\\n * Home /\\n * Lawn\\n\\n# How to Care for Pampas Grass\\n\\nBy: Willow Sidhe\\n\\n●\\n\\n21 September, 2017\\n\\nPampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and\\ndurable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.\\nAttractive white plumes that look similar to cotton candy appear on large\\nflower stalks in summer and fall. Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes,\\nbut it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow. Minimal care is\\nrequired for pampas grass to thrive in most areas of the country.\\n\\nPlant pampas grass in mid-spring in a location that receives full sun to light\\nshade and has well-drained, loamy soil. Dig a hole about three times as wide\\nas the root system and of equal depth. Spread the roots with your hands, place\\nthe plant into the hole and back-fill with soil. Space plants 6 to 8 feet\\napart for mass plantings.\\n\\n * Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.\\n * Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow.\\n\\nWater pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage\\ngrowth. Continue providing water once every two weeks for the first year.\\nWater only during periods of drought once plants become established, usually\\nafter about two weeks with no natural rainfall. No additional supplemental\\nwatering is required for mature plants.\\n\\nFeed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in\\nMarch, May and September during the first year of growth. Reduce feeding to\\nonce per year in March beginning in the second year of growth. Refer to the\\ninstructions on the packaging for proper dosage. Water thoroughly before and\\nafter applying fertilizer.\\n\\n * Water pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage growth.\\n * Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth.\\n\\nPrune pampas grass in early spring around February. Wear leather gloves to\\nprotect your hands from the sharp blades of grass. Tie a piece of rope around\\nthe entire plant about 4 feet from the ground and use a power weed trimmer to\\nremove all the foliage and flower stalks above 12 inches in height.\\n\\nDivide pampas grass clumps in spring, shortly after pruning for the best\\nresults. Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several\\nnew plants. One clump can typically be divided into 6 or 8 new pampas grass\\nplants. Replant the divided clumps immediately and begin caring for them as\\nusual.\\n\\n * Prune pampas grass in early spring around February.\\n * Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several new plants.\\n\\nTip\\n\\nPampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt\\nspray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on\\nthe edge of lawns.\\n\\nWarning\\n\\nDo not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp\\nleaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of\\ndriveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\\n\\n## Related Articles\\n\\nHow to Garden Shenandoah Switch Grass→\\n\\nHow to Care for Ribbon Grass→\\n\\nHow Long Is the Oat Growing Season?→\\n\\nHow to Care for Maiden Grass→\\n\\nTypes of Grass in Oklahoma→\\n\\nTypes of Prairie Grass→\\n\\nTips\\n\\n * Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.\\n\\nWarnings\\n\\n * Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\\n\\nThings Needed\\n\\n * Fertilizer\\n * Leather gloves\\n * Rope\\n * Power weed trimmer\\n * Shovel\\n\\nReferences\\n\\n * Cortaderia Selloana\\n * UT Gardens Plant of the Month: Pampas Grass\\n * Georgia Gardener's Guide; Erica Glasener, Walter Reeves; 2004\\n\\nPlan Your Garden →\\n\\n×\\n\\n * Flowers\\n * Structures\\n * Produce\\n * Trees\\n * Lawn\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Accessibility\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Copyright Policy\\n * Manage Preferences\\n\\nCopyright Leaf Group Ltd. // Leaf Group Lifestyle. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200522010726/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Warton's Bill Blackledge is one of the county's most popular and sought after gardeners. If it's green and needs watering, Bill can tell you about it. He has been answering BBC Radio Lancashire listeners' queries for over thirty years, which means he's been there nearly as long as the transmitter!\",\n \"His knowledge is encyclopedic. After training at the under the then Ministry of Agriculture, Bill spent over twenty years at the Department of Biological and Environmental Services at Lancaster University. Now, he's a regular course tutor at Alston Hall, Longridge and Lancaster Adult College.\",\n \"For three decades, Bill has travelled the county with fellow judges as a regional judge for North West in Bloom.\",\n \"My pampas grass is now very large (about 10 years old) and although I have been pulling out as much of the dead foliage as I can for the last few years in spring time it is now almost impossible to access the centre of the plant to clear out the dead material. I see you recommend pruning using shears/secateurs. If I cut the plant right back to the centre so I can clear out the old dead material will I do it any harm? Previously I have only pulled out the worst leaves, leaving any newer growth still attached. Many thanks.\",\n \"I would not cut right back your Pampas Grass to its centre especially at this time of year Sharon (May), new flowering shoots will now be forming. The time for removing any dead material, especially from the old central area, is January/February time when any old and dead material can be cleared out. I realise the difficulty you will have in reaching the centre of the plant but, as mentioned above I would refrain from cutting right back at this time of year.\",\n \"You will Jenny need to choose a plant which will be compatible with your Pampas Grass and which can also tolerate dry conditions. One plant which would 'fit the bill' is a Yucca plant, these plants are easy to grow and the smaller species Yucca Gloriosa Variegata will grow to a height of approximately three to four feet producing beautiful spiked flowers. A larger variety is the plain green Yucca Gloriosa which, again, produces beautiful spiked flowers but will grow into quite large plants. The other alternative would be to grow along side your Pampas Grass other grass species such as Miscanthus Sinensis or the Zebra Grass (Miscanthus Zebrinus).\",\n \"Our Pampas Grass is growing well and full of lovely plumes (2 Feb), which are usually quite bedraggled by August when we are having a garden party. If I prune the plumes, will it flower again by end of July?\",\n \"There are approximately 20 species of Pampas Grasses Judy and these species will flower throughout the summer months and also late autumn time and, with your Pampas Grass presently full of plumes it could one of the late autumn flowering species. Unfortunately it is difficult to give you a precise answer to your question of whether cutting off the plumes now will encourage new plumes by end of July. Part of the problem is what species of Pampas Grass is growing in your garden but, as you will be probably aware if you do cut any flowers back you will encourage more flowering stems to form and this could be the case with your Pampas Grass. I am sorry that I cannot be of any more help and I am afraid that it will just have to be trial and error.\",\n \"I planted 2 small pampas in my front lawns in September, they haven't grown which I expected given the season and are now reduced to a bunch of creamy paper textured leaves. Are the plants dead or will I see the plants recovering in the spring?\",\n \"Pampas Grass (Cortaderia) loves to grow in a sunny position and in a well drained soil and, if your two small plants are growing in water logged conditions the roots could quite easily have rotted off. But, during this time of year quite a number of leaves of Pampas Grasses do turn brown and have a creamy paper texture and I would therefore leave your plants until early springtime to see if any new shoots appear.\",\n \"You can sow your Pampas Grass seed early springtime in a general seed and potting compost. The seeds are reasonably easy to germinate and when the seedlings are large enough to handle they can be repotted into a three and a half inch to four inch pot again, using a multipurpose purpose compost. If you then need to repot into a larger container I would use a soil base compost such as John Innes No2/3 with ten to fifteen per cent additional grit sand added. Pampas Grass thrives in well drained soil and a sunny position.\",\n \"My husband gave me a tiny pampas grass to plant at the side of our garden, next to the border, two years ago. It has done very well and is a nice size. It also achieved two plumes, although one was broken off by the children! As it has grown, it has taken up a fair amount of lawn. This is not a problem at the size that it is now, but I do not want it to get any bigger. Do I have to dig it up and split it every few years, or will cutting it back keep it at a certain size? Also, I do all of the gardening, but my husband will be upset if I cut the grass back. I need expert advice explaining why I should cut it back. Please advise, thanks.\",\n \"Depending on the variety of Pampas Grass you have in your garden Sam the size will vary from five to eight feet tall and four to six feet wide and, to keep your Pampas Grass under control in late winter early springtime trim back all the dead foliage and comb out any dead material from the centre of the plant. An old method used on the dead foliage was to burn the Grass in the winter months but this is now frowned upon as Ladybirds and Hedgehogs hibernate in the foliage during the winter period. If you feel that your plant is becoming too large you can trim back some of the tussocks to keep it under control and propagation of Pampas Grass can be easily be done by dividing the tussocks early springtime and from seed sowing during March/April time.\",\n \"I have had a pampas in a tub for 2 years now. I want to plant it in the garden, when is the best time?\",\n \"It is far too wet at the present time (January) Tracey to transplant your Pampas Grass (Cortaderia) but, as soon as the weather improves and the soil is warmer - and not frosty - you will then be able to transplant your Pampas Grass into your garden. I would work into your soil some well rotted manure and also a liberal dressing of a general base fertiliser. Pampas Grass will grow in a wide range of soils providing that the soil is well drained and, they are a very tough plant but a general feed with a base fertiliser such as Fish Blood and Bone Meal early spring should suffice.\",\n \"I am shortly moving to a small semi-bungalow which has an old large Pampas Grass with a stem aleast 2/3 feet in diameter, growing in the front garden about 3/4 feet from the front bedroom window of the bungalow and also close to my neighbours wall as well. Do you think this plant's roots could damage these bungalow's foundations being so close? If I want to get rid of it, could it be cut off just below ground level and poisoned to kill it? Would appreciate any help or views you may have.\",\n \"Pampas Grass produces very tough spongy compact roots and not a lot of actively vigorous tap roots which can be troublesome to foundations during very dry periods. But, as you have mentioned your large Pampas Grass is only three to four feet from the front bedroom window and although it is highly unlikely, the roots could still be troublesome to your bungalows foundation and your neighbour's wall. You mention 'poisoning' your Pampas Grass and there are weedkillers available but you will need to be careful if there are plants in close vicinity. If however you have no plants in close vicinity to your Pampas Grass, I would recommend the weedkiller Rootout. If there are plants close by I would cut your Pampas Grass back and when new shoots and leaves appear I would spray with a glyphosate weedkiller such as RoundUp or Tumbleweed - taking care to protect nearby plants from spray drift.\",\n \"I have moved a Pampas Grass about two months ago (May). It seems to have survived the move but nearly all the leaves have brown tips - the end nine inches or so. Is this the result of the move, the fault of all the rainfall we have been having, or just something that will repair itself in time.\",\n \"You will find Brian that Pampas Grass is a very tough plant and I am sure even though the leaves have brown tips your plant will soon recover and the problem will have arisen due to you transplanting your grass. Once your Pampas Grass has become established the new leaves which will appear will I am sure be healthy and next Spring any old leaves can be cut back to encourage more new growth.\",\n \"After trimming my Pampas Grass, I find it appears to be all paper and rotted stumps, in the centre at ground level. What can I do to rectify this, if anything? Many thanks.\",\n \"Pampas Grass (Cortaderia Selloana) is a very tough plant Jackie and will thrive in a wide range of soils but, the plant does not like waterlogged conditions and I am just wondering if this could be the problem with your Pampas Grass. You will need to remove all the dry leaves from the central area of the plant - which will in turn encourage new shoots to appear.\",\n \"I have a relatively small pampas grass where some off the plumes have been blown over by very strong winds. Do I need to remove these plumes?\",\n \"If your Pampas Grass Plumes are completely bent over Sandra you are far better cutting these off at base level and although I am not an expert on Floral Art I have been told that if you dry the plume stems at room temperature you will be able to use these in floral displays.\",\n \"I want to plant pampas grass in a small patch about 8x4 which used to be the potting shed, it has a soil depth of about 12\\\" with a concrete bottom. Will the plant grow in this depth? Also I have a white Pampas which I can split up. Can I split this now? I want to get a pink one to go alongside, will the two grow together? Can you suggest anything else that will go with these? Thanks\",\n \"It is going to be very difficult for your Pampas Grass to grow successfully in twelve inches of soil Roger and there is also the added problem of the concrete base which will seriously restrict the root growth of your Pampas Grass - also the drainage of the soil will lead to water logged conditions during the winter months. If at all possible I would try and break up the concrete base and remove large parts of it - this will allow the roots to grow into the subsoil and alleviate the above mentioned problems. On the question of splitting your Pampas Grass I would wait until early Spring and providing you leave enough space between the Pampas Grasses there is no reason why the pink and white cannot be grown close together. Regarding other architectural plants which will complement your Pampas Grasses I would suggest Yucca Gloriosa and Phormium Tenax.\",\n \"I have a pampas plant in the middle of my lawn and want to remove it. What is the best way to do it, or can you recomend a removal specialist?\",\n \"You will need to wait Nick for a reasonable period of dry weather before attempting to remove your Pampas Grass from the middle of your lawn - early Spring would be ideal. If you try and lift your plant during November - when conditions are wet and damp - you will do endless damage to your lawn. The best way to lift your Pampas Grass, which is a tough plant to remove as the roots are very tight and spongy - is with a sharp spade, pick for leverage and 'brute force'. Regarding your question of hiring a 'removal specialist' I would contact a local Garden Contractor. Good luck!\",\n \"Is it possible to split or prune one of those very tough spiky grass-like plants that grow quite tall - can't remember what they're called, possibly a type of flax? Mine is getting too big for its position!\",\n \"The tough spiky grass you have Mary could be the Pampas Grass or it could be one of the Phormium Species (the New Zealand Flax) Both of these plants can be split but you would be far better waiting until the Autumn or early next Spring.\",\n \"I have a Pampas grass plant with a lot of dead leaves. I have been told it is possible to burn out the dead leaves. Is this possible?\",\n \"It is a little late in the year to set fire to your Pampas Grass as there will be plenty of new shoots now appearing which you do not want to damage. You will need to remove the dead leaves and I personally always use a sharp pair of shears. I would also recommend that you use a good pair of gloves as the leaf edges are very sharp. Regarding burning the leaves off your Pampas Grass January or February would be the ideal time but, I would ensure your plant is well away from your house and I would also check your insurance policy!\",\n \"We have a pampas grass which looks beautiful, is extremely green and healthy but never has any plumes growing from it. We've had it for over four years.\",\n \"Some varieties of Pampas Grass do require a number of years before they will actually flower and what we have to do with your plant Mairi is to try and force it to flower. I would not water it nor feed it and the dry conditions we have recently had could quite easily force your Pampas Grass to flower. Basically it is growing in too rich a soil and is quite happy producing healthy leaves and no flower spikes.\",\n \"Planted a Pampas Grass two years ago, it has thrived, i.e. tall, green and healthy looking but no flowers, those lovely silvery fronds we expected. Why?\",\n \"You have got to ignore your Pampas Grass Thomas - do not water it or feed it and the shortage of water plus nutrients will hopefully force your Pampas Grass to flower.\",\n \"I have a large pampas grass between me and my neighbour's bungalow. We are both in agreement that it is taking a lot of room up and would like to pull it up. We would like to know what sort of root it has got and if it will be easy to lift. My daughter said that she would have it in her garden but we need to know if our task will be an easy one.\",\n \"The operation is not going to be easy Diane - the Pampas Grass has a very tight spongy and tough root system and, you are going to need at least a pick and very sharp spade. What I would suggest you do is to commandeer a couple of strong volunteers to give you a hand - but I would delay the operation until the Autumn. Good Luck!\",\n \"I have a large Pampas grass in my garden, what care do I need to give it? Any advice please?\",\n \"Pampas Grass loves to be planted in a well drained soil and in a sunny position, and when established they are a 'tough customer' and need little attention. What you will need to do in the early Spring Mair is to give your plant a trim and tidy up by cutting out any of the dead leaves and debris in the centre of the plant. At this time of year you can also give it a general feed with a base fertliser such a Growmore or Fish Blood and Bone Meal. Approximately four to six ounces around the base of the plant. If we do have a very dry summer you may need to water the plant but otherwise no attention is required.\",\n \"About 10 years ago my father in law (who passed away 2 years ago) planted a Pampas Grass in a small plot in front of his living room window. This has since grown so much that it is blocking the light from the room. I have pruned it several times but now wish to get rid of it completely. I have cut it down to about two feet above ground level. As my wife and I are now both pensioners we haven't got the health/strength/energy to dig out the roots. Is there any weed killer that we could use or would tree stump killer work on this?\",\n \"It is a very difficult task to dig out the roots of Pampas Grass John, the roots are closely knitted together and you will need a pick axe as well as a sharp spade to try and dig out the roots and I would try the method which you have mentioned. I would use Root Out Stump Killer - which is not only used for tree stumps but also troublesome weeds such as Brambles and Mares Tail. It can be applied in a crystal form and also diluted and watered into the plants. The product is bio degradable and is harmless to pets and children.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"BBC - Lancashire - Nature - Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\\n\\n * Skip to main content\\n * Access keys help\\n\\nThis page has been archived and is no longer updated. Find out more about page\\narchiving.\\n\\n| 24 September 2014 \\n--- \\n \\nBBC Homepage \\n \\n--- \\n \\n * BBC Local\\n\\n * Lancashire\\n\\n * Things to do\\n\\n * People & Places\\n\\n * * Nature\\n\\n * History\\n\\n * Religion & Ethics\\n\\n * Arts and Culture\\n\\n * BBC Introducing\\n\\n * TV & Radio\\n\\n### Local BBC Sites\\n\\n * News\\n * Sport\\n * Weather\\n * Travel\\n\\n### Neighbouring Sites\\n\\n * Bradford\\n * Cumbria\\n * Isle of Man\\n * Liverpool\\n * Manchester\\n\\n### Related BBC Sites\\n\\n * England\\n\\n \\n \\nContact Us \\n \\n# Features\\n\\nYou are in: Lancashire > Nature > Features > Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\\n\\n## Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\\n\\nAll you need to know about your pampas grass plants...\\n\\nWarton's Bill Blackledge is one of the county's most popular and sought after\\ngardeners. If it's green and needs watering, Bill can tell you about it. He\\nhas been answering BBC Radio Lancashire listeners' queries for over thirty\\nyears, which means he's been there nearly as long as the transmitter!\\n\\nHis knowledge is encyclopedic. After training at the under the then Ministry\\nof Agriculture, Bill spent over twenty years at the Department of Biological\\nand Environmental Services at Lancaster University. Now, he's a regular course\\ntutor at Alston Hall, Longridge and Lancaster Adult College.\\n\\nFor three decades, Bill has travelled the county with fellow judges as a\\nregional judge for North West in Bloom.\\n\\nSo, whatever the problem, we like to think Bill can sort it out... at least\\nthat's the theory!\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Sharon Warwick asks...\\n\\nMy pampas grass is now very large (about 10 years old) and although I have\\nbeen pulling out as much of the dead foliage as I can for the last few years\\nin spring time it is now almost impossible to access the centre of the plant\\nto clear out the dead material. I see you recommend pruning using\\nshears/secateurs. If I cut the plant right back to the centre so I can clear\\nout the old dead material will I do it any harm? Previously I have only pulled\\nout the worst leaves, leaving any newer growth still attached. Many thanks.\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nI would not cut right back your Pampas Grass to its centre especially at this\\ntime of year Sharon (May), new flowering shoots will now be forming. The time\\nfor removing any dead material, especially from the old central area, is\\nJanuary/February time when any old and dead material can be cleared out. I\\nrealise the difficulty you will have in reaching the centre of the plant but,\\nas mentioned above I would refrain from cutting right back at this time of\\nyear.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Jenny Rice asks...\\n\\nWhat type of plants can i plant next to my pampas grass if any?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nYou will Jenny need to choose a plant which will be compatible with your\\nPampas Grass and which can also tolerate dry conditions. One plant which would\\n'fit the bill' is a Yucca plant, these plants are easy to grow and the smaller\\nspecies Yucca Gloriosa Variegata will grow to a height of approximately three\\nto four feet producing beautiful spiked flowers. A larger variety is the plain\\ngreen Yucca Gloriosa which, again, produces beautiful spiked flowers but will\\ngrow into quite large plants. The other alternative would be to grow along\\nside your Pampas Grass other grass species such as Miscanthus Sinensis or the\\nZebra Grass (Miscanthus Zebrinus).\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Judy asks...\\n\\nOur Pampas Grass is growing well and full of lovely plumes (2 Feb), which are\\nusually quite bedraggled by August when we are having a garden party. If I\\nprune the plumes, will it flower again by end of July?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nThere are approximately 20 species of Pampas Grasses Judy and these species\\nwill flower throughout the summer months and also late autumn time and, with\\nyour Pampas Grass presently full of plumes it could one of the late autumn\\nflowering species. Unfortunately it is difficult to give you a precise answer\\nto your question of whether cutting off the plumes now will encourage new\\nplumes by end of July. Part of the problem is what species of Pampas Grass is\\ngrowing in your garden but, as you will be probably aware if you do cut any\\nflowers back you will encourage more flowering stems to form and this could be\\nthe case with your Pampas Grass. I am sorry that I cannot be of any more help\\nand I am afraid that it will just have to be trial and error.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Ann Wardrop asks...\\n\\nI planted 2 small pampas in my front lawns in September, they haven't grown\\nwhich I expected given the season and are now reduced to a bunch of creamy\\npaper textured leaves. Are the plants dead or will I see the plants recovering\\nin the spring?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia) loves to grow in a sunny position and in a well\\ndrained soil and, if your two small plants are growing in water logged\\nconditions the roots could quite easily have rotted off. But, during this time\\nof year quite a number of leaves of Pampas Grasses do turn brown and have a\\ncreamy paper texture and I would therefore leave your plants until early\\nspringtime to see if any new shoots appear.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Malcolm Hogg asks...\\n\\nWhat is the best medium for striking pampas grass seed and then potting on?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nYou can sow your Pampas Grass seed early springtime in a general seed and\\npotting compost. The seeds are reasonably easy to germinate and when the\\nseedlings are large enough to handle they can be repotted into a three and a\\nhalf inch to four inch pot again, using a multipurpose purpose compost. If you\\nthen need to repot into a larger container I would use a soil base compost\\nsuch as John Innes No2/3 with ten to fifteen per cent additional grit sand\\nadded. Pampas Grass thrives in well drained soil and a sunny position.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Sam Porter asks...\\n\\nMy husband gave me a tiny pampas grass to plant at the side of our garden,\\nnext to the border, two years ago. It has done very well and is a nice size.\\nIt also achieved two plumes, although one was broken off by the children! As\\nit has grown, it has taken up a fair amount of lawn. This is not a problem at\\nthe size that it is now, but I do not want it to get any bigger. Do I have to\\ndig it up and split it every few years, or will cutting it back keep it at a\\ncertain size? Also, I do all of the gardening, but my husband will be upset if\\nI cut the grass back. I need expert advice explaining why I should cut it\\nback. Please advise, thanks.\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nDepending on the variety of Pampas Grass you have in your garden Sam the size\\nwill vary from five to eight feet tall and four to six feet wide and, to keep\\nyour Pampas Grass under control in late winter early springtime trim back all\\nthe dead foliage and comb out any dead material from the centre of the plant.\\nAn old method used on the dead foliage was to burn the Grass in the winter\\nmonths but this is now frowned upon as Ladybirds and Hedgehogs hibernate in\\nthe foliage during the winter period. If you feel that your plant is becoming\\ntoo large you can trim back some of the tussocks to keep it under control and\\npropagation of Pampas Grass can be easily be done by dividing the tussocks\\nearly springtime and from seed sowing during March/April time.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Tracey Preston asks...\\n\\nI have had a pampas in a tub for 2 years now. I want to plant it in the\\ngarden, when is the best time?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nIt is far too wet at the present time (January) Tracey to transplant your\\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia) but, as soon as the weather improves and the soil is\\nwarmer - and not frosty - you will then be able to transplant your Pampas\\nGrass into your garden. I would work into your soil some well rotted manure\\nand also a liberal dressing of a general base fertiliser. Pampas Grass will\\ngrow in a wide range of soils providing that the soil is well drained and,\\nthey are a very tough plant but a general feed with a base fertiliser such as\\nFish Blood and Bone Meal early spring should suffice.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Rob Gough asks...\\n\\nI am shortly moving to a small semi-bungalow which has an old large Pampas\\nGrass with a stem aleast 2/3 feet in diameter, growing in the front garden\\nabout 3/4 feet from the front bedroom window of the bungalow and also close to\\nmy neighbours wall as well. Do you think this plant's roots could damage these\\nbungalow's foundations being so close? If I want to get rid of it, could it be\\ncut off just below ground level and poisoned to kill it? Would appreciate any\\nhelp or views you may have.\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nPampas Grass produces very tough spongy compact roots and not a lot of\\nactively vigorous tap roots which can be troublesome to foundations during\\nvery dry periods. But, as you have mentioned your large Pampas Grass is only\\nthree to four feet from the front bedroom window and although it is highly\\nunlikely, the roots could still be troublesome to your bungalows foundation\\nand your neighbour's wall. You mention 'poisoning' your Pampas Grass and there\\nare weedkillers available but you will need to be careful if there are plants\\nin close vicinity. If however you have no plants in close vicinity to your\\nPampas Grass, I would recommend the weedkiller Rootout. If there are plants\\nclose by I would cut your Pampas Grass back and when new shoots and leaves\\nappear I would spray with a glyphosate weedkiller such as RoundUp or\\nTumbleweed - taking care to protect nearby plants from spray drift.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Brian Passey asks...\\n\\nI have moved a Pampas Grass about two months ago (May). It seems to have\\nsurvived the move but nearly all the leaves have brown tips - the end nine\\ninches or so. Is this the result of the move, the fault of all the rainfall we\\nhave been having, or just something that will repair itself in time.\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nYou will find Brian that Pampas Grass is a very tough plant and I am sure even\\nthough the leaves have brown tips your plant will soon recover and the problem\\nwill have arisen due to you transplanting your grass. Once your Pampas Grass\\nhas become established the new leaves which will appear will I am sure be\\nhealthy and next Spring any old leaves can be cut back to encourage more new\\ngrowth.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Jackie Whitmarsh asks...\\n\\nAfter trimming my Pampas Grass, I find it appears to be all paper and rotted\\nstumps, in the centre at ground level. What can I do to rectify this, if\\nanything? Many thanks.\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia Selloana) is a very tough plant Jackie and will\\nthrive in a wide range of soils but, the plant does not like waterlogged\\nconditions and I am just wondering if this could be the problem with your\\nPampas Grass. You will need to remove all the dry leaves from the central area\\nof the plant - which will in turn encourage new shoots to appear.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Sandra asks...\\n\\nI have a relatively small pampas grass where some off the plumes have been\\nblown over by very strong winds. Do I need to remove these plumes?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nIf your Pampas Grass Plumes are completely bent over Sandra you are far better\\ncutting these off at base level and although I am not an expert on Floral Art\\nI have been told that if you dry the plume stems at room temperature you will\\nbe able to use these in floral displays.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Roger asks...\\n\\nI want to plant pampas grass in a small patch about 8x4 which used to be the\\npotting shed, it has a soil depth of about 12\\\" with a concrete bottom. Will\\nthe plant grow in this depth? Also I have a white Pampas which I can split up.\\nCan I split this now? I want to get a pink one to go alongside, will the two\\ngrow together? Can you suggest anything else that will go with these? Thanks\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nIt is going to be very difficult for your Pampas Grass to grow successfully in\\ntwelve inches of soil Roger and there is also the added problem of the\\nconcrete base which will seriously restrict the root growth of your Pampas\\nGrass - also the drainage of the soil will lead to water logged conditions\\nduring the winter months. If at all possible I would try and break up the\\nconcrete base and remove large parts of it - this will allow the roots to grow\\ninto the subsoil and alleviate the above mentioned problems. On the question\\nof splitting your Pampas Grass I would wait until early Spring and providing\\nyou leave enough space between the Pampas Grasses there is no reason why the\\npink and white cannot be grown close together. Regarding other architectural\\nplants which will complement your Pampas Grasses I would suggest Yucca\\nGloriosa and Phormium Tenax.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Nick Regan asks...\\n\\nI have a pampas plant in the middle of my lawn and want to remove it. What is\\nthe best way to do it, or can you recomend a removal specialist?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nYou will need to wait Nick for a reasonable period of dry weather before\\nattempting to remove your Pampas Grass from the middle of your lawn - early\\nSpring would be ideal. If you try and lift your plant during November - when\\nconditions are wet and damp - you will do endless damage to your lawn. The\\nbest way to lift your Pampas Grass, which is a tough plant to remove as the\\nroots are very tight and spongy - is with a sharp spade, pick for leverage and\\n'brute force'. Regarding your question of hiring a 'removal specialist' I\\nwould contact a local Garden Contractor. Good luck!\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Mary Cooper asks...\\n\\nIs it possible to split or prune one of those very tough spiky grass-like\\nplants that grow quite tall - can't remember what they're called, possibly a\\ntype of flax? Mine is getting too big for its position!\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nThe tough spiky grass you have Mary could be the Pampas Grass or it could be\\none of the Phormium Species (the New Zealand Flax) Both of these plants can be\\nsplit but you would be far better waiting until the Autumn or early next\\nSpring.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### W Donnan asks...\\n\\nI have a Pampas grass plant with a lot of dead leaves. I have been told it is\\npossible to burn out the dead leaves. Is this possible?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nIt is a little late in the year to set fire to your Pampas Grass as there will\\nbe plenty of new shoots now appearing which you do not want to damage. You\\nwill need to remove the dead leaves and I personally always use a sharp pair\\nof shears. I would also recommend that you use a good pair of gloves as the\\nleaf edges are very sharp. Regarding burning the leaves off your Pampas Grass\\nJanuary or February would be the ideal time but, I would ensure your plant is\\nwell away from your house and I would also check your insurance policy!\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Mairi Morrison asks...\\n\\nWe have a pampas grass which looks beautiful, is extremely green and healthy\\nbut never has any plumes growing from it. We've had it for over four years.\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nSome varieties of Pampas Grass do require a number of years before they will\\nactually flower and what we have to do with your plant Mairi is to try and\\nforce it to flower. I would not water it nor feed it and the dry conditions we\\nhave recently had could quite easily force your Pampas Grass to flower.\\nBasically it is growing in too rich a soil and is quite happy producing\\nhealthy leaves and no flower spikes.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Thomas Hall asks...\\n\\nPlanted a Pampas Grass two years ago, it has thrived, i.e. tall, green and\\nhealthy looking but no flowers, those lovely silvery fronds we expected. Why?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nYou have got to ignore your Pampas Grass Thomas - do not water it or feed it\\nand the shortage of water plus nutrients will hopefully force your Pampas\\nGrass to flower.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Diane Taylor asks...\\n\\nI have a large pampas grass between me and my neighbour's bungalow. We are\\nboth in agreement that it is taking a lot of room up and would like to pull it\\nup. We would like to know what sort of root it has got and if it will be easy\\nto lift. My daughter said that she would have it in her garden but we need to\\nknow if our task will be an easy one.\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nThe operation is not going to be easy Diane - the Pampas Grass has a very\\ntight spongy and tough root system and, you are going to need at least a pick\\nand very sharp spade. What I would suggest you do is to commandeer a couple of\\nstrong volunteers to give you a hand - but I would delay the operation until\\nthe Autumn. Good Luck!\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### Mair Bissell asks...\\n\\nI have a large Pampas grass in my garden, what care do I need to give it? Any\\nadvice please?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nPampas Grass loves to be planted in a well drained soil and in a sunny\\nposition, and when established they are a 'tough customer' and need little\\nattention. What you will need to do in the early Spring Mair is to give your\\nplant a trim and tidy up by cutting out any of the dead leaves and debris in\\nthe centre of the plant. At this time of year you can also give it a general\\nfeed with a base fertliser such a Growmore or Fish Blood and Bone Meal.\\nApproximately four to six ounces around the base of the plant. If we do have a\\nvery dry summer you may need to water the plant but otherwise no attention is\\nrequired.\\n\\n\\\\------\\n\\n### John Dunn asks...\\n\\nAbout 10 years ago my father in law (who passed away 2 years ago) planted a\\nPampas Grass in a small plot in front of his living room window. This has\\nsince grown so much that it is blocking the light from the room. I have pruned\\nit several times but now wish to get rid of it completely. I have cut it down\\nto about two feet above ground level. As my wife and I are now both pensioners\\nwe haven't got the health/strength/energy to dig out the roots. Is there any\\nweed killer that we could use or would tree stump killer work on this?\\n\\n### Bill replies...\\n\\nIt is a very difficult task to dig out the roots of Pampas Grass John, the\\nroots are closely knitted together and you will need a pick axe as well as a\\nsharp spade to try and dig out the roots and I would try the method which you\\nhave mentioned. I would use Root Out Stump Killer - which is not only used for\\ntree stumps but also troublesome weeds such as Brambles and Mares Tail. It can\\nbe applied in a crystal form and also diluted and watered into the plants. The\\nproduct is bio degradable and is harmless to pets and children.\\n\\nlast updated: 16/05/2008 at 09:34 created: 07/03/2007\\n\\n## SEE ALSO\\n\\n * Acers\\n * Apples\\n * Azaleas\\n * Bamboo\\n * Bay trees\\n * Berries\\n * Camellia\\n * Cherry trees\\n * Chillies and peppers\\n * Cordylines\\n * Cuttings and propagation\\n * Damsons and Plums\\n * Eucalyptus\\n * Flax (Phormiums)\\n * Hedges\\n * Holly\\n * Killing off plants\\n * Lawns and grass\\n * Magnolias\\n * Moving plants\\n * Onions and olives\\n * Oranges, lemons and limes\\n * Pampas grass\\n * Pears\\n * Pests and diseases\\n * Pruning\\n * Red Robin (Photinia)\\n * Roses\\n * Silver Birch\\n * Tomatoes\\n * Other Fruit & Vegetable questions\\n * Willow\\n * Yuccas\\n * All other gardening questions\\n * Ask the Gardener\\n\\n * Features\\n * Nature\\n\\nYou are in: Lancashire > Nature > Features > Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\\n\\nHomeEmailPrintTopSite Contents\\n\\n## See Also\\n\\n * Features\\n * Nature\\n\\n### On this site\\n\\n * Acers\\n * Apples\\n * Azaleas\\n * Bamboo\\n * Bay trees\\n * Berries\\n * Camellia\\n * Cherry trees\\n * Chillies and peppers\\n * Cordylines\\n * Cuttings and propagation\\n * Damsons and Plums\\n * Eucalyptus\\n * Flax (Phormiums)\\n * Hedges\\n * Holly\\n * Killing off plants\\n * Lawns and grass\\n * Magnolias\\n * Moving plants\\n * Onions and olives\\n * Oranges, lemons and limes\\n * Pampas grass\\n * Pears\\n * Pests and diseases\\n * Pruning\\n * Red Robin (Photinia)\\n * Roses\\n * Silver Birch\\n * Tomatoes\\n * Other Fruit & Vegetable questions\\n * Willow\\n * Yuccas\\n * All other gardening questions\\n * Ask the Gardener\\n\\nFind a wildlife place or event near you:\\n\\n## Local history\\n\\nFind out more about our fascinating history.\\n\\nBBC Lancashire, Darwen Street, Blackburn, Lancashire, BB2 2EA phone: 01254\\n262411 | e-mail: lancashire@bbc.co.uk \\n \\n--- \\nAbout the BBC | Help | Terms of Use | Privacy & Cookies Policy \\n---\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":348,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":9266363,"string":"9,266,363"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Steam Eggplant"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To steam eggplant using a metal steamer, spread the eggplant in an even layer on the bottom of your steamer. Make sure to close the lid, then turn the heat to the “high” setting. Steam the eggplant for 10 minutes if you like it slightly crunchy, and up to 25 minutes if you like it soft."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20190303200209/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant","http://web.archive.org/web/20191027001135/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer","http://web.archive.org/web/20170930223309/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce","http://web.archive.org/web/20190324071114/http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant","http://web.archive.org/web/20200928002549/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190303200209/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191027001135/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170930223309/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190324071114/http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928002549/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2211,"string":"2,211"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190303200209/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant","parsed_text":{"title":"MyRecipes","passages":["Welcome! Meredith collects data to deliver the best content, services, and personalized digital ads. We partner with third party advertisers, who may use tracking technologies to collect information about your activity on sites and applications across devices, both on our sites and across the Internet.","You always have the choice to experience our sites without personalized advertising based on your web browsing activity by visiting the DAA’s Consumer Choice page, the NAI's website, and/or the EU online choices page, from each of your browsers or devices. To avoid personalized advertising based on your mobile app activity, you can install the DAA’s AppChoices app here. You can find much more information about your privacy choices in our privacy policy. You can make a Data Subject Request at any time. Even if you choose not to have your activity tracked by third parties for advertising services, you will still see non-personalized ads on our site.","By clicking continue below and using our sites or applications, you agree that we and our third party advertisers can:","process your personal data to serve you with personalized ads, subject to your choices as described above and in our privacy policy."]},"parsed_md":"| MyRecipes\n\n### About Your Privacy on this Site\n\nWelcome! Meredith collects data to deliver the best content, services, and\npersonalized digital ads. We partner with third party advertisers, who may use\ntracking technologies to collect information about your activity on sites and\napplications across devices, both on our sites and across the Internet.\n\nYou always have the choice to experience our sites without personalized\nadvertising based on your web browsing activity by visiting the DAA’s Consumer\nChoice page, the NAI's website, and/or the EU online choices page, from each\nof your browsers or devices. To avoid personalized advertising based on your\nmobile app activity, you can install the DAA’s AppChoices app here. You can\nfind much more information about your privacy choices in our privacy policy.\nYou can make a Data Subject Request at any time. Even if you choose not to\nhave your activity tracked by third parties for advertising services, you will\nstill see non-personalized ads on our site.\n\nBy clicking continue below and using our sites or applications, you agree that\nwe and our third party advertisers can:\n\n * transfer your personal data to the United States or other countries, and\n * process your personal data to serve you with personalized ads, subject to your choices as described above and in our privacy policy.\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20191027001135/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Use a Bamboo Steamer to Cook Healthy Meals - Bon Appétit","passages":["Last year, I bought a cheap bamboo steamer from a restaurant supply store on the Bowery. I needed one for a soup dumpling party I was hosting, and fully expected it to be the kind of throwaway purchase I'd use exactly once and then forget about, like the dozen Chinese soup spoons I also bought for $5. And although I never made soup dumplings again after that party (they were a real...labor of love) and have definitely lost at least six soup spoons, the bamboo steamer has since become one of my most-used kitchen tools. It's easy to clean, makes quick and healthy food, and can be used to cook a wide variety of ingredients. Plus, my meals always seems to get on the table 15 minutes faster. Here's how I use it.","Bamboo steamers come in various sizes and tiers. At home, I have a 10\" double- decker that comfortably fits enough food to make a veg-and-protein dinner for two. Our Test Kitchen has a couple that are closer to 30\" across, but for the average kitchen, a 10\" to 12\" version should do nicely, not to mention store easier. The benefit of having a tiered basket is you can cook foods with different cook times at once (more on that in a bit). To get started, I fill a large, shallow sauté pan with an inch or so of water and bring it to a simmer. Once the water's ready, all I have to do is set my steamer directly in the pan, toss in my food, pop the basket lid on, and let the steam work its way through the slats. Our associate food editor and Actual Professional Cook Rick Martinez gently suggested this method may be causing me to slowly and unknowingly burn the bottom of my steamer basket, and suggests using a wok, skillet, or other vessel with sloped sides instead, which will allow the steamer to safely sit suspended above the water and not touch the bottom (teehee).","One of my favorite things to make for dinner after a less-than-virtuous weekend is a huge pile of steamed veggies with a miso-based sauce and a little brown rice. My rotation usually includes any mix of asparagus, snap peas, green beans, baby beets, peewee potatoes, broccoli or cauliflower, any squash, enoki mushrooms, and Japanese sweet potato. For perfectly cooked, never-mushy vegetables, arrange your heavier, slower-cooking veg on the bottom tier (that would be your beets, squash, potatoes, etc.) and get those steaming first. While those start cooking, prep more delicate veg like broccoli, asparagus, and mushrooms and arrange them in the second basket. Open the steamer lid and place the second basket on top of the bottom one, put the lid back on, and steam until veg are crisp-tender, about five minutes.","I'm a huge fan of doing chicken breasts and fish fillets in the steamer. Both cook up super-fast and don't require any extra oil. I'll line the inside of the basket with a round of parchment paper before placing my protein inside, which not only makes cleanup a breeze later, but it also prevents any unwanted smells from lingering. Another favorite quick dinner: firm or soft tofu steamed until warmed through, then drizzled with soy sauce and toasted sesame oil and topped with a handful of sliced scallions and sesame seeds.","Okay, so nothing beats a freshly steamed xiaolongbao bursting with molten, salty-fatty soup. But even a freezer bag of Trader Joe's dumplings feels like an Acceptable Adult Meal when done in the steamer. Again, a round of parchment paper is your friend here—no one wants to spend their evening scraping sticky dumpling skin pieces off that ish. Alternatively, you could use a more traditional bed of Napa cabbage leaves if you're feeling extra-fancy slash also happen to just have Napa cabbage lying around—just make sure to give 'em a spritz of nonstick cooking spray for extra insurance.","If you can't get down with water-cooked chicken breasts and squash, up the ante by infusing it with flavor during the cooking process. Try steaming in sake, wine, beer, dashi, or vegetable broth instead of water for a subtle flavor shift. Or add whole sprigs of herbs like cilantro, or thinly sliced scallions, ginger, and garlic directly to the steamer basket with the rest of your food. Experiment! Go crazy! The worst you'll end up with is boozy fish, and ain't nothing wrong with that.","It's not dishwasher-safe, but all your steamer needs to stay fresh and clean is a quick scrub under hot water and a good air-dry. Make sure it's completely dry before storing, though you may as well keep it on your countertop—that's how often you're going to be using it.","© 2019 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 5/25/18) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 5/25/18) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"]},"parsed_md":"How to Use a Bamboo Steamer to Cook Healthy Meals - Bon Appétit | Bon Appétit\n\nSkip to main content\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes\n * Healthyish\n * Basically\n * Restaurants\n * Highly Recommend\n * Podcast\n * Videos\n * Shop\n\ntechniques\n\n# This Kitchen Tool Is Your Golden Ticket to Healthier, Faster Meals\n\nA bamboo steamer feels like the kitchen tool you don't really need—until you\nfind yourself using it every day.\n\nBy\n\nChristina Chaey\n\nApril 29, 2016\n\nChristopher Testani\n\nLast year, I bought a cheap bamboo steamer from a restaurant supply store on\nthe Bowery. I needed one for a soup dumpling party I was hosting, and fully\nexpected it to be the kind of throwaway purchase I'd use exactly once and then\nforget about, like the dozen Chinese soup spoons I also bought for $5. And\nalthough I never made soup dumplings again after that party (they were a\nreal...labor of love) and have definitely lost at least six soup spoons, the\nbamboo steamer has since become one of my most-used kitchen tools. It's easy\nto clean, makes quick and healthy food, and can be used to cook a wide variety\nof ingredients. Plus, my meals always seems to get on the table 15 minutes\nfaster. Here's how I use it.\n\nPhoto: Ethan Palmer\n\nEthan Palmer\n\n#### The Setup\n\nBamboo steamers come in various sizes and tiers. At home, I have a 10\" double-\ndecker that comfortably fits enough food to make a veg-and-protein dinner for\ntwo. Our Test Kitchen has a couple that are closer to 30\" across, but for the\naverage kitchen, a 10\" to 12\" version should do nicely, not to mention store\neasier. The benefit of having a tiered basket is you can cook foods with\ndifferent cook times at once (more on that in a bit). To get started, I fill a\nlarge, shallow sauté pan with an inch or so of water and bring it to a simmer.\nOnce the water's ready, all I have to do is set my steamer directly in the\npan, toss in my food, pop the basket lid on, and let the steam work its way\nthrough the slats. Our associate food editor and Actual Professional Cook Rick\nMartinez gently suggested this method may be causing me to slowly and\nunknowingly burn the bottom of my steamer basket, and suggests using a wok,\nskillet, or other vessel with sloped sides instead, which will allow the\nsteamer to safely sit suspended above the water and not touch the bottom\n(teehee).\n\nPhoto: Christina Chaey\n\nChristina Chaey\n\n#### All the Vegetables\n\nOne of my favorite things to make for dinner after a less-than-virtuous\nweekend is a huge pile of steamed veggies with a miso-based sauce and a little\nbrown rice. My rotation usually includes any mix of asparagus, snap peas,\ngreen beans, baby beets, peewee potatoes, broccoli or cauliflower, any squash,\nenoki mushrooms, and Japanese sweet potato. For perfectly cooked, never-mushy\nvegetables, arrange your heavier, slower-cooking veg on the bottom tier (that\nwould be your beets, squash, potatoes, etc.) and get those steaming first.\nWhile those start cooking, prep more delicate veg like broccoli, asparagus,\nand mushrooms and arrange them in the second basket. Open the steamer lid and\nplace the second basket on top of the bottom one, put the lid back on, and\nsteam until veg are crisp-tender, about five minutes.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSake-Steamed Chicken and Kabocha Squash. Photo: Peden + Munk\n\nPeden + Munk\n\n#### Fish, Chicken, and More\n\nI'm a huge fan of doing chicken breasts and fish fillets in the steamer. Both\ncook up super-fast and don't require any extra oil. I'll line the inside of\nthe basket with a round of parchment paper before placing my protein inside,\nwhich not only makes cleanup a breeze later, but it also prevents any unwanted\nsmells from lingering. Another favorite quick dinner: firm or soft tofu\nsteamed until warmed through, then drizzled with soy sauce and toasted sesame\noil and topped with a handful of sliced scallions and sesame seeds.\n\nPork Soup Dumplings. Photo: Christopher Testani\n\nPhoto by Christopher Testani\n\n#### Dumplings\n\nOkay, so nothing beats a freshly steamed xiaolongbao bursting with molten,\nsalty-fatty soup. But even a freezer bag of Trader Joe's dumplings feels like\nan Acceptable Adult Meal when done in the steamer. Again, a round of parchment\npaper is your friend here—no one wants to spend their evening scraping sticky\ndumpling skin pieces off that ish. Alternatively, you could use a more\ntraditional bed of Napa cabbage leaves if you're feeling extra-fancy slash\nalso happen to just have Napa cabbage lying around—just make sure to give 'em\na spritz of nonstick cooking spray for extra insurance.\n\nScallion Fish with Sesame Kale. Photo: Christopher Testani\n\nChristopher Testani\n\n#### Up the Flavor\n\nIf you can't get down with water-cooked chicken breasts and squash, up the\nante by infusing it with flavor during the cooking process. Try steaming in\nsake, wine, beer, dashi, or vegetable broth instead of water for a subtle\nflavor shift. Or add whole sprigs of herbs like cilantro, or thinly sliced\nscallions, ginger, and garlic directly to the steamer basket with the rest of\nyour food. Experiment! Go crazy! The worst you'll end up with is boozy fish,\nand ain't nothing wrong with that.\n\n#### Bonus: It's a Cinch to Clean\n\nIt's not dishwasher-safe, but all your steamer needs to stay fresh and clean\nis a quick scrub under hot water and a good air-dry. Make sure it's completely\ndry before storing, though you may as well keep it on your countertop—that's\nhow often you're going to be using it.\n\n#### Related: Recover From Your Food Hangover With These 36 Light and Healthy\nRecipes\n\nExplore Bon AppétitTools\n\nRead More\n\n * recipes\n\n### Not My Amu’s Chicken Thigh Biryani\n\nBy\n\nSohla El-Waylly\n\n * recipes\n\n### My Mood Is Dark, But the Soup Is Good\n\nBy\n\nCarla Lalli Music\n\n * basically\n\n### When You're Cooking Dried Beans, You're Already Halfway to Soup\n\nBy\n\nSarah Jampel\n\n * Recipes\n\n### Molly Makes Coconut Grilled Chicken, Steak and Shrimp\n\nBy\n\nBon Appetit\n\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\nrecommendations you trust.\n\n© 2019 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 5/25/18) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated 5/25/18) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon\nAppétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through\nour site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on\nthis site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise\nused, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170930223309/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce","parsed_text":{"title":"Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce Recipe - Eileen Yin-Fei Lo","passages":["This is a dish with Sichuan and Hunan roots. Customarily, the eggplant is deep-fried, then stir-fried. I've reduced the fat here by steaming the eggplant instead. The texture is a little bit different, but the flavors are still defined and intense. Satisfying Vegetarian Recipes","Slice the eggplants lengthwise 1/2 inch thick, then cut the slices lengthwise into 1/2-inch strips. Put the eggplant on a heatproof plate and steam over boiling water until tender, 20 to 25 minutes. Carefully remove the plate and set aside.","Set a wok over high heat for 30 seconds. Add the oil and stir to coat. When a wisp of white smoke appears, add the garlic and stir-fry until golden, about 10 seconds. Stir in the steamed eggplant. Add the stock and cook until the eggplant just falls apart, about 3 minutes.","Make a well in the center of the wok, pushing the eggplant up the sides slightly. Stir the sauce and add it to the wok. Stir in the eggplant and cook until bubbling and thick, about 2 minutes. Transfer to a warmed bowl and serve.","Food & Wine may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. © 2017 Time Inc. Affluent Media Group. All rights reserved. View Website Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. Your California Privacy Rights. Ad Choices. Users of this site agree to be bound by the Website Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. foodandwine.com is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and the MyRecipes Network."]},"parsed_md":"Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce Recipe - Eileen Yin-Fei Lo | Food & Wine\n\n# Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce\n\nActive Time\n\nN/A\n\nTotal Time\n\nN/A\n\nYield\n\nServes : 4\n\nEileen Yin-Fei Lo February 1997\n\nThis is a dish with Sichuan and Hunan roots. Customarily, the eggplant is\ndeep-fried, then stir-fried. I've reduced the fat here by steaming the\neggplant instead. The texture is a little bit different, but the flavors are\nstill defined and intense. Satisfying Vegetarian Recipes\n\nMore\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 1 tablespoon dark soy sauce\n * 2 teaspoons oyster sauce\n * 2 teaspoons sugar\n * 1 teaspoon cornstarch dissolved in 1 tablespoon water\n * 1 teaspoon distilled white vinegar\n * 1/2 teaspoon Shao-Hsing wine or dry sherry\n * 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper\n * 1/4 teaspoon salt\n * 1 pound medium eggplants, peeled\n * 1 1/2 teaspoons peanut oil\n * 2 teaspoons minced garlic\n * 1 1/2 tablespoons vegetable stock or water\n\n## How to Make It\n\nStep 1\n\nCombine all of the ingredients in a small bowl.\n\nStep 2\n\nSlice the eggplants lengthwise 1/2 inch thick, then cut the slices lengthwise\ninto 1/2-inch strips. Put the eggplant on a heatproof plate and steam over\nboiling water until tender, 20 to 25 minutes. Carefully remove the plate and\nset aside.\n\nStep 3\n\nSet a wok over high heat for 30 seconds. Add the oil and stir to coat. When a\nwisp of white smoke appears, add the garlic and stir-fry until golden, about\n10 seconds. Stir in the steamed eggplant. Add the stock and cook until the\neggplant just falls apart, about 3 minutes.\n\nStep 4\n\nMake a well in the center of the wok, pushing the eggplant up the sides\nslightly. Stir the sauce and add it to the wok. Stir in the eggplant and cook\nuntil bubbling and thick, about 2 minutes. Transfer to a warmed bowl and\nserve.\n\n### Chef's Notes\n\nOne Serving Calories 67 kcal, Total Fat 1.9 gm, Saturated Fat .3 gm.\n\n### You May Like\n\nAggregate Rating value:\n\nReview Count:\n\nWorst Rating:\n\nBest Rating:\n\n### DELICIOUS DEAL\n\n12 ISSUES FOR JUST $12\n\nSubscribe & Save\n\n### Sign Up for Our Newsletter\n\nKeeping you in the know on all the latest & greatest food and travel news, and\nother special offers.\n\nSign up\n\nFood & Wine may receive compensation for some links to products and services\non this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. © 2017 Time\nInc. Affluent Media Group. All rights reserved. View Website Terms and\nConditions and Privacy Policy. Your California Privacy Rights. Ad Choices.\nUsers of this site agree to be bound by the Website Terms and Conditions and\nPrivacy Policy. foodandwine.com is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and\nthe MyRecipes Network.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190324071114/http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant","parsed_text":{"title":"Steamed Eggplant — The Coast Kitchen","passages":["I used to be really intimidated by cooking eggplant. Looking back on it, I am not entirely sure why. I think one reason might be that I didn't know that eggplant could be steamed. Which is definitely the way to go if you are new to the eggplant game. My sister-in-law Linh made this steamed eggplant dish a few weeks ago. I haven't been able to stop thinking about it since. It is sweet and salty and unexplainably satisfying to eat. I hounded her until she revealed her secrets to me. Which I will now reveal to you!","There are many types of eggplants in the nightshade family, which is the same family as peppers and tomatoes. The one pictured above is called Graffiti eggplant, which I had never heard of until about a week ago. It is both beautiful and delicious! Here is a fun round-up of different eggplant varieties and what to do with them.","Ingredients: 1 eggplant 1 teaspoon minced ginger 1/4 cup thinly sliced scallions 1/4 cup sesame oil 1/4 cup canola oil (or a comparable neutral vegetable oil) soy sauce kosher salt","Cube the eggplant into bite-sized chunks and steam until fork tender. I don't have a steamer basket, so I just put a strainer over a pot of boiling water and threw a lid on it. While the eggplant is cooking, combine ginger, scallions, sesame oil and canola oil over low heat until fragrant (about 8 minutes). Season with salt. Plate the eggplant and drizzle with ginger scallion oil and then soy sauce.","You can throw this together in 10 minutes and is a great side dish. Or a snack. Which is how I justify that Mike and I ate it about one minute after I was done photographing it."]},"parsed_md":"Steamed Eggplant — The Coast Kitchen\n\nMenu\n\nStreet Address\n\nOakland, California\n\nPhone Number\n\nRecipes, Photos and Inspiration from the West Coast.\n\nYour Custom Text Here\n\n# Steamed Eggplant\n\nJuly 6, 2014 Liv Maki\n\nI used to be really intimidated by cooking eggplant. Looking back on it, I am\nnot entirely sure why. I think one reason might be that I didn't know that\neggplant could be steamed. Which is definitely the way to go if you are new to\nthe eggplant game. My sister-in-law Linh made this steamed eggplant dish a few\nweeks ago. I haven't been able to stop thinking about it since. It is sweet\nand salty and unexplainably satisfying to eat. I hounded her until she\nrevealed her secrets to me. Which I will now reveal to you!\n\nThere are many types of eggplants in the nightshade family, which is the same\nfamily as peppers and tomatoes. The one pictured above is called Graffiti\neggplant, which I had never heard of until about a week ago. It is both\nbeautiful and delicious! Here is a fun round-up of different eggplant\nvarieties and what to do with them.\n\nIngredients: 1 eggplant 1 teaspoon minced ginger 1/4 cup thinly sliced\nscallions 1/4 cup sesame oil 1/4 cup canola oil (or a comparable neutral\nvegetable oil) soy sauce kosher salt\n\nCube the eggplant into bite-sized chunks and steam until fork tender. I don't\nhave a steamer basket, so I just put a strainer over a pot of boiling water\nand threw a lid on it. While the eggplant is cooking, combine ginger,\nscallions, sesame oil and canola oil over low heat until fragrant (about 8\nminutes). Season with salt. Plate the eggplant and drizzle with ginger\nscallion oil and then soy sauce.\n\nYou can throw this together in 10 minutes and is a great side dish. Or a\nsnack. Which is how I justify that Mike and I ate it about one minute after I\nwas done photographing it.\n\nTags recipe, vegan, vegetarian, summer\n\n## Spring Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nMay 10, 2016\n\nPasta Primavera\n\nMay 10, 2016\n\nMay 10, 2016\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nCitrus Pistachio Salad\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nJun 2, 2015\n\nChickpea + Carrot Sauté\n\nJun 2, 2015\n\nJun 2, 2015\n\nMar 29, 2015\n\nGarlic Miso Dressing\n\nMar 29, 2015\n\nMar 29, 2015\n\nJun 22, 2014\n\nGinger Ice Cream\n\nJun 22, 2014\n\nJun 22, 2014\n\nJun 8, 2014\n\nRoasted Cauliflower & Herb Soup\n\nJun 8, 2014\n\nJun 8, 2014\n\nApr 22, 2014\n\nLemon & Creme Fraiche Mashed Potatoes\n\nApr 22, 2014\n\nApr 22, 2014\n\nApr 16, 2014\n\nGarlic Herb Dressing and a Picnic\n\nApr 16, 2014\n\nApr 16, 2014\n\n## Summer Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nAug 12, 2018\n\nSlow & Low Roasted Tomatoes\n\nAug 12, 2018\n\nAug 12, 2018\n\nJul 16, 2018\n\nApricot Tart\n\nJul 16, 2018\n\nJul 16, 2018\n\nDec 16, 2017\n\nQuick-Pickled Red Onion\n\nDec 16, 2017\n\nDec 16, 2017\n\nJul 28, 2016\n\nMint + Fava Bean Hummus\n\nJul 28, 2016\n\nJul 28, 2016\n\nOct 4, 2015\n\nTomato Tart\n\nOct 4, 2015\n\nOct 4, 2015\n\nSep 2, 2015\n\nButtermilk Potato Salad\n\nSep 2, 2015\n\nSep 2, 2015\n\nJul 26, 2015\n\nSimple Summer Tomato Soup\n\nJul 26, 2015\n\nJul 26, 2015\n\nJun 28, 2015\n\nTahini Carrot Salad\n\nJun 28, 2015\n\nJun 28, 2015\n\nMay 1, 2015\n\nAvocado + Tomatillo Salsa\n\nMay 1, 2015\n\nMay 1, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nMinty Meyer Lemonade\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nOct 16, 2014\n\nBasil Shortbread Cookies\n\nOct 16, 2014\n\nOct 16, 2014\n\nSep 18, 2014\n\nA Farmers' Cookbook- Pt 2\n\nSep 18, 2014\n\nSep 18, 2014\n\nSep 8, 2014\n\nFire-Roasted Tomato Sauce\n\nSep 8, 2014\n\nSep 8, 2014\n\nAug 25, 2014\n\nRoasted Salsa Verde\n\nAug 25, 2014\n\nAug 25, 2014\n\nAug 10, 2014\n\nRaspberry Rum Spritzer\n\nAug 10, 2014\n\nAug 10, 2014\n\nJul 18, 2014\n\nPlum Upside-Down Cake\n\nJul 18, 2014\n\nJul 18, 2014\n\nJul 6, 2014\n\nSteamed Eggplant\n\nJul 6, 2014\n\nJul 6, 2014\n\nJun 29, 2014\n\nNaturally Fermented Pickles\n\nJun 29, 2014\n\nJun 29, 2014\n\nMay 14, 2014\n\nJalapeño Mac & Cheese\n\nMay 14, 2014\n\nMay 14, 2014\n\n## Fall Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nOct 3, 2016\n\nAutumn Cake\n\nOct 3, 2016\n\nOct 3, 2016\n\nOct 27, 2015\n\nFennel + Beef Stew\n\nOct 27, 2015\n\nOct 27, 2015\n\nSep 8, 2015\n\nCheese + Chive Popovers\n\nSep 8, 2015\n\nSep 8, 2015\n\nNov 3, 2014\n\nPepita Kale Salad\n\nNov 3, 2014\n\nNov 3, 2014\n\nSep 28, 2014\n\nLemon Lentil Soup\n\nSep 28, 2014\n\nSep 28, 2014\n\nAug 20, 2014\n\nChicken Orecchiette Soup\n\nAug 20, 2014\n\nAug 20, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nButternut Squash Soup with Parmesan\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\n## Winter Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nFeb 4, 2017\n\nNutty Maple Shortbread\n\nFeb 4, 2017\n\nFeb 4, 2017\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nCitrus Pistachio Salad\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nJan 19, 2016\n\nCarrot Ginger Slaw\n\nJan 19, 2016\n\nJan 19, 2016\n\nJan 3, 2016\n\nChicory Salad with Crème Fraîche\n\nJan 3, 2016\n\nJan 3, 2016\n\nNov 29, 2015\n\nOrange Pineapple Carnitas\n\nNov 29, 2015\n\nNov 29, 2015\n\nMay 24, 2015\n\nHoney Chocolate Chip Banana Bread\n\nMay 24, 2015\n\nMay 24, 2015\n\nApr 24, 2015\n\nSpicy Braised Pork\n\nApr 24, 2015\n\nApr 24, 2015\n\nMar 15, 2015\n\nOlive Oil + Citrus Cake\n\nMar 15, 2015\n\nMar 15, 2015\n\nFeb 20, 2015\n\nRefried Beans\n\nFeb 20, 2015\n\nFeb 20, 2015\n\nFeb 1, 2015\n\nSalted Caramel Apple Pie\n\nFeb 1, 2015\n\nFeb 1, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nMinty Meyer Lemonade\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nDec 26, 2014\n\nHomemade Hoisin Sauce\n\nDec 26, 2014\n\nDec 26, 2014\n\nNov 30, 2014\n\nSmokey Hot Sauce\n\nNov 30, 2014\n\nNov 30, 2014\n\nOct 28, 2014\n\nChocolate Cayenne Brownies\n\nOct 28, 2014\n\nOct 28, 2014\n\nApr 12, 2014\n\nLime & Smoked Paprika Roasted Chicken\n\nApr 12, 2014\n\nApr 12, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nButternut Squash Soup with Parmesan\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928002549/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017","parsed_text":{"title":"Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli Recipe","passages":["Slice eggplant into thin slices and place on a heatproof plate. Place plate in a steamer, cover with lid and steam for 15 minutes."]},"parsed_md":"Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Vegetable\n\n# Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli\n\n(5)\n\nRecipe by melting pot\n\nClassic and simple.\n\n5\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 25mins\n\nSERVES: 4\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 2\n\ntablespoons soy sauce\n\n * 1\n\ntablespoon light-flavoured vinegar (try rice vinegar or white vinegar)\n\n * 1\n\ngarlic clove, crushed\n\n * 1\n\nteaspoon caster sugar\n\n * 1\n\neggplant (about 500g)\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (129) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 4\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 38.7\n\nCalories from Fat 2 g 5 %\n\nTotal Fat 0.2 g 0 %\n\nSaturated Fat 0 g 0 %\n\nCholesterol 0 mg 0 %\n\nSodium 505.2 mg 21 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 8.3 g 2 %\n\nDietary Fiber 4 g 15 %\n\nSugars 3.9 g 15 %\n\nProtein 2.1 g 4 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Combine soy sauce, vinegar, garlic and sugar in a bowl. Set aside.\n * Slice eggplant into thin slices and place on a heatproof plate. Place plate in a steamer, cover with lid and steam for 15 minutes.\n * Pour over sauce and steam for another 5 minutes.\n * Serve sprinkled with 1 finely sliced small red chilli and 1 small handful chopped coriander.\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nSteamed Eggplant With Minced Chicken in Rice Vinegar\n\nby Jeff LimChef166107\n\n(2)\n\nOur 50 Most-Saved Recipes\n\nTop 100 Recipes for Kids\n\n26 Oktoberfest Recipes to Celebrate...\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2020 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190303200209/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"MyRecipes\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Welcome! Meredith collects data to deliver the best content, services, and personalized digital ads. We partner with third party advertisers, who may use tracking technologies to collect information about your activity on sites and applications across devices, both on our sites and across the Internet.\",\n \"You always have the choice to experience our sites without personalized advertising based on your web browsing activity by visiting the DAA’s Consumer Choice page, the NAI's website, and/or the EU online choices page, from each of your browsers or devices. To avoid personalized advertising based on your mobile app activity, you can install the DAA’s AppChoices app here. You can find much more information about your privacy choices in our privacy policy. You can make a Data Subject Request at any time. Even if you choose not to have your activity tracked by third parties for advertising services, you will still see non-personalized ads on our site.\",\n \"By clicking continue below and using our sites or applications, you agree that we and our third party advertisers can:\",\n \"process your personal data to serve you with personalized ads, subject to your choices as described above and in our privacy policy.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"| MyRecipes\\n\\n### About Your Privacy on this Site\\n\\nWelcome! Meredith collects data to deliver the best content, services, and\\npersonalized digital ads. We partner with third party advertisers, who may use\\ntracking technologies to collect information about your activity on sites and\\napplications across devices, both on our sites and across the Internet.\\n\\nYou always have the choice to experience our sites without personalized\\nadvertising based on your web browsing activity by visiting the DAA’s Consumer\\nChoice page, the NAI's website, and/or the EU online choices page, from each\\nof your browsers or devices. To avoid personalized advertising based on your\\nmobile app activity, you can install the DAA’s AppChoices app here. You can\\nfind much more information about your privacy choices in our privacy policy.\\nYou can make a Data Subject Request at any time. Even if you choose not to\\nhave your activity tracked by third parties for advertising services, you will\\nstill see non-personalized ads on our site.\\n\\nBy clicking continue below and using our sites or applications, you agree that\\nwe and our third party advertisers can:\\n\\n * transfer your personal data to the United States or other countries, and\\n * process your personal data to serve you with personalized ads, subject to your choices as described above and in our privacy policy.\\n\\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\\nguidelines.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191027001135/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Use a Bamboo Steamer to Cook Healthy Meals - Bon Appétit\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Last year, I bought a cheap bamboo steamer from a restaurant supply store on the Bowery. I needed one for a soup dumpling party I was hosting, and fully expected it to be the kind of throwaway purchase I'd use exactly once and then forget about, like the dozen Chinese soup spoons I also bought for $5. And although I never made soup dumplings again after that party (they were a real...labor of love) and have definitely lost at least six soup spoons, the bamboo steamer has since become one of my most-used kitchen tools. It's easy to clean, makes quick and healthy food, and can be used to cook a wide variety of ingredients. Plus, my meals always seems to get on the table 15 minutes faster. Here's how I use it.\",\n \"Bamboo steamers come in various sizes and tiers. At home, I have a 10\\\" double- decker that comfortably fits enough food to make a veg-and-protein dinner for two. Our Test Kitchen has a couple that are closer to 30\\\" across, but for the average kitchen, a 10\\\" to 12\\\" version should do nicely, not to mention store easier. The benefit of having a tiered basket is you can cook foods with different cook times at once (more on that in a bit). To get started, I fill a large, shallow sauté pan with an inch or so of water and bring it to a simmer. Once the water's ready, all I have to do is set my steamer directly in the pan, toss in my food, pop the basket lid on, and let the steam work its way through the slats. Our associate food editor and Actual Professional Cook Rick Martinez gently suggested this method may be causing me to slowly and unknowingly burn the bottom of my steamer basket, and suggests using a wok, skillet, or other vessel with sloped sides instead, which will allow the steamer to safely sit suspended above the water and not touch the bottom (teehee).\",\n \"One of my favorite things to make for dinner after a less-than-virtuous weekend is a huge pile of steamed veggies with a miso-based sauce and a little brown rice. My rotation usually includes any mix of asparagus, snap peas, green beans, baby beets, peewee potatoes, broccoli or cauliflower, any squash, enoki mushrooms, and Japanese sweet potato. For perfectly cooked, never-mushy vegetables, arrange your heavier, slower-cooking veg on the bottom tier (that would be your beets, squash, potatoes, etc.) and get those steaming first. While those start cooking, prep more delicate veg like broccoli, asparagus, and mushrooms and arrange them in the second basket. Open the steamer lid and place the second basket on top of the bottom one, put the lid back on, and steam until veg are crisp-tender, about five minutes.\",\n \"I'm a huge fan of doing chicken breasts and fish fillets in the steamer. Both cook up super-fast and don't require any extra oil. I'll line the inside of the basket with a round of parchment paper before placing my protein inside, which not only makes cleanup a breeze later, but it also prevents any unwanted smells from lingering. Another favorite quick dinner: firm or soft tofu steamed until warmed through, then drizzled with soy sauce and toasted sesame oil and topped with a handful of sliced scallions and sesame seeds.\",\n \"Okay, so nothing beats a freshly steamed xiaolongbao bursting with molten, salty-fatty soup. But even a freezer bag of Trader Joe's dumplings feels like an Acceptable Adult Meal when done in the steamer. Again, a round of parchment paper is your friend here—no one wants to spend their evening scraping sticky dumpling skin pieces off that ish. Alternatively, you could use a more traditional bed of Napa cabbage leaves if you're feeling extra-fancy slash also happen to just have Napa cabbage lying around—just make sure to give 'em a spritz of nonstick cooking spray for extra insurance.\",\n \"If you can't get down with water-cooked chicken breasts and squash, up the ante by infusing it with flavor during the cooking process. Try steaming in sake, wine, beer, dashi, or vegetable broth instead of water for a subtle flavor shift. Or add whole sprigs of herbs like cilantro, or thinly sliced scallions, ginger, and garlic directly to the steamer basket with the rest of your food. Experiment! Go crazy! The worst you'll end up with is boozy fish, and ain't nothing wrong with that.\",\n \"It's not dishwasher-safe, but all your steamer needs to stay fresh and clean is a quick scrub under hot water and a good air-dry. Make sure it's completely dry before storing, though you may as well keep it on your countertop—that's how often you're going to be using it.\",\n \"© 2019 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 5/25/18) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 5/25/18) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Use a Bamboo Steamer to Cook Healthy Meals - Bon Appétit | Bon Appétit\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nSearch\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Healthyish\\n * Basically\\n * Restaurants\\n * Highly Recommend\\n * Podcast\\n * Videos\\n * Shop\\n\\ntechniques\\n\\n# This Kitchen Tool Is Your Golden Ticket to Healthier, Faster Meals\\n\\nA bamboo steamer feels like the kitchen tool you don't really need—until you\\nfind yourself using it every day.\\n\\nBy\\n\\nChristina Chaey\\n\\nApril 29, 2016\\n\\nChristopher Testani\\n\\nLast year, I bought a cheap bamboo steamer from a restaurant supply store on\\nthe Bowery. I needed one for a soup dumpling party I was hosting, and fully\\nexpected it to be the kind of throwaway purchase I'd use exactly once and then\\nforget about, like the dozen Chinese soup spoons I also bought for $5. And\\nalthough I never made soup dumplings again after that party (they were a\\nreal...labor of love) and have definitely lost at least six soup spoons, the\\nbamboo steamer has since become one of my most-used kitchen tools. It's easy\\nto clean, makes quick and healthy food, and can be used to cook a wide variety\\nof ingredients. Plus, my meals always seems to get on the table 15 minutes\\nfaster. Here's how I use it.\\n\\nPhoto: Ethan Palmer\\n\\nEthan Palmer\\n\\n#### The Setup\\n\\nBamboo steamers come in various sizes and tiers. At home, I have a 10\\\" double-\\ndecker that comfortably fits enough food to make a veg-and-protein dinner for\\ntwo. Our Test Kitchen has a couple that are closer to 30\\\" across, but for the\\naverage kitchen, a 10\\\" to 12\\\" version should do nicely, not to mention store\\neasier. The benefit of having a tiered basket is you can cook foods with\\ndifferent cook times at once (more on that in a bit). To get started, I fill a\\nlarge, shallow sauté pan with an inch or so of water and bring it to a simmer.\\nOnce the water's ready, all I have to do is set my steamer directly in the\\npan, toss in my food, pop the basket lid on, and let the steam work its way\\nthrough the slats. Our associate food editor and Actual Professional Cook Rick\\nMartinez gently suggested this method may be causing me to slowly and\\nunknowingly burn the bottom of my steamer basket, and suggests using a wok,\\nskillet, or other vessel with sloped sides instead, which will allow the\\nsteamer to safely sit suspended above the water and not touch the bottom\\n(teehee).\\n\\nPhoto: Christina Chaey\\n\\nChristina Chaey\\n\\n#### All the Vegetables\\n\\nOne of my favorite things to make for dinner after a less-than-virtuous\\nweekend is a huge pile of steamed veggies with a miso-based sauce and a little\\nbrown rice. My rotation usually includes any mix of asparagus, snap peas,\\ngreen beans, baby beets, peewee potatoes, broccoli or cauliflower, any squash,\\nenoki mushrooms, and Japanese sweet potato. For perfectly cooked, never-mushy\\nvegetables, arrange your heavier, slower-cooking veg on the bottom tier (that\\nwould be your beets, squash, potatoes, etc.) and get those steaming first.\\nWhile those start cooking, prep more delicate veg like broccoli, asparagus,\\nand mushrooms and arrange them in the second basket. Open the steamer lid and\\nplace the second basket on top of the bottom one, put the lid back on, and\\nsteam until veg are crisp-tender, about five minutes.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nSake-Steamed Chicken and Kabocha Squash. Photo: Peden + Munk\\n\\nPeden + Munk\\n\\n#### Fish, Chicken, and More\\n\\nI'm a huge fan of doing chicken breasts and fish fillets in the steamer. Both\\ncook up super-fast and don't require any extra oil. I'll line the inside of\\nthe basket with a round of parchment paper before placing my protein inside,\\nwhich not only makes cleanup a breeze later, but it also prevents any unwanted\\nsmells from lingering. Another favorite quick dinner: firm or soft tofu\\nsteamed until warmed through, then drizzled with soy sauce and toasted sesame\\noil and topped with a handful of sliced scallions and sesame seeds.\\n\\nPork Soup Dumplings. Photo: Christopher Testani\\n\\nPhoto by Christopher Testani\\n\\n#### Dumplings\\n\\nOkay, so nothing beats a freshly steamed xiaolongbao bursting with molten,\\nsalty-fatty soup. But even a freezer bag of Trader Joe's dumplings feels like\\nan Acceptable Adult Meal when done in the steamer. Again, a round of parchment\\npaper is your friend here—no one wants to spend their evening scraping sticky\\ndumpling skin pieces off that ish. Alternatively, you could use a more\\ntraditional bed of Napa cabbage leaves if you're feeling extra-fancy slash\\nalso happen to just have Napa cabbage lying around—just make sure to give 'em\\na spritz of nonstick cooking spray for extra insurance.\\n\\nScallion Fish with Sesame Kale. Photo: Christopher Testani\\n\\nChristopher Testani\\n\\n#### Up the Flavor\\n\\nIf you can't get down with water-cooked chicken breasts and squash, up the\\nante by infusing it with flavor during the cooking process. Try steaming in\\nsake, wine, beer, dashi, or vegetable broth instead of water for a subtle\\nflavor shift. Or add whole sprigs of herbs like cilantro, or thinly sliced\\nscallions, ginger, and garlic directly to the steamer basket with the rest of\\nyour food. Experiment! Go crazy! The worst you'll end up with is boozy fish,\\nand ain't nothing wrong with that.\\n\\n#### Bonus: It's a Cinch to Clean\\n\\nIt's not dishwasher-safe, but all your steamer needs to stay fresh and clean\\nis a quick scrub under hot water and a good air-dry. Make sure it's completely\\ndry before storing, though you may as well keep it on your countertop—that's\\nhow often you're going to be using it.\\n\\n#### Related: Recover From Your Food Hangover With These 36 Light and Healthy\\nRecipes\\n\\nExplore Bon AppétitTools\\n\\nRead More\\n\\n * recipes\\n\\n### Not My Amu’s Chicken Thigh Biryani\\n\\nBy\\n\\nSohla El-Waylly\\n\\n * recipes\\n\\n### My Mood Is Dark, But the Soup Is Good\\n\\nBy\\n\\nCarla Lalli Music\\n\\n * basically\\n\\n### When You're Cooking Dried Beans, You're Already Halfway to Soup\\n\\nBy\\n\\nSarah Jampel\\n\\n * Recipes\\n\\n### Molly Makes Coconut Grilled Chicken, Steak and Shrimp\\n\\nBy\\n\\nBon Appetit\\n\\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\\nrecommendations you trust.\\n\\n© 2019 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 5/25/18) and Privacy Policy and\\nCookie Statement (updated 5/25/18) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon\\nAppétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through\\nour site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on\\nthis site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise\\nused, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\\n\\nFood Innovation Group\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170930223309/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce Recipe - Eileen Yin-Fei Lo\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This is a dish with Sichuan and Hunan roots. Customarily, the eggplant is deep-fried, then stir-fried. I've reduced the fat here by steaming the eggplant instead. The texture is a little bit different, but the flavors are still defined and intense. Satisfying Vegetarian Recipes\",\n \"Slice the eggplants lengthwise 1/2 inch thick, then cut the slices lengthwise into 1/2-inch strips. Put the eggplant on a heatproof plate and steam over boiling water until tender, 20 to 25 minutes. Carefully remove the plate and set aside.\",\n \"Set a wok over high heat for 30 seconds. Add the oil and stir to coat. When a wisp of white smoke appears, add the garlic and stir-fry until golden, about 10 seconds. Stir in the steamed eggplant. Add the stock and cook until the eggplant just falls apart, about 3 minutes.\",\n \"Make a well in the center of the wok, pushing the eggplant up the sides slightly. Stir the sauce and add it to the wok. Stir in the eggplant and cook until bubbling and thick, about 2 minutes. Transfer to a warmed bowl and serve.\",\n \"Food & Wine may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. © 2017 Time Inc. Affluent Media Group. All rights reserved. View Website Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. Your California Privacy Rights. Ad Choices. Users of this site agree to be bound by the Website Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. foodandwine.com is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and the MyRecipes Network.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce Recipe - Eileen Yin-Fei Lo | Food & Wine\\n\\n# Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce\\n\\nActive Time\\n\\nN/A\\n\\nTotal Time\\n\\nN/A\\n\\nYield\\n\\nServes : 4\\n\\nEileen Yin-Fei Lo February 1997\\n\\nThis is a dish with Sichuan and Hunan roots. Customarily, the eggplant is\\ndeep-fried, then stir-fried. I've reduced the fat here by steaming the\\neggplant instead. The texture is a little bit different, but the flavors are\\nstill defined and intense. Satisfying Vegetarian Recipes\\n\\nMore\\n\\n## Ingredients\\n\\n * 1 tablespoon dark soy sauce\\n * 2 teaspoons oyster sauce\\n * 2 teaspoons sugar\\n * 1 teaspoon cornstarch dissolved in 1 tablespoon water\\n * 1 teaspoon distilled white vinegar\\n * 1/2 teaspoon Shao-Hsing wine or dry sherry\\n * 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper\\n * 1/4 teaspoon salt\\n * 1 pound medium eggplants, peeled\\n * 1 1/2 teaspoons peanut oil\\n * 2 teaspoons minced garlic\\n * 1 1/2 tablespoons vegetable stock or water\\n\\n## How to Make It\\n\\nStep 1\\n\\nCombine all of the ingredients in a small bowl.\\n\\nStep 2\\n\\nSlice the eggplants lengthwise 1/2 inch thick, then cut the slices lengthwise\\ninto 1/2-inch strips. Put the eggplant on a heatproof plate and steam over\\nboiling water until tender, 20 to 25 minutes. Carefully remove the plate and\\nset aside.\\n\\nStep 3\\n\\nSet a wok over high heat for 30 seconds. Add the oil and stir to coat. When a\\nwisp of white smoke appears, add the garlic and stir-fry until golden, about\\n10 seconds. Stir in the steamed eggplant. Add the stock and cook until the\\neggplant just falls apart, about 3 minutes.\\n\\nStep 4\\n\\nMake a well in the center of the wok, pushing the eggplant up the sides\\nslightly. Stir the sauce and add it to the wok. Stir in the eggplant and cook\\nuntil bubbling and thick, about 2 minutes. Transfer to a warmed bowl and\\nserve.\\n\\n### Chef's Notes\\n\\nOne Serving Calories 67 kcal, Total Fat 1.9 gm, Saturated Fat .3 gm.\\n\\n### You May Like\\n\\nAggregate Rating value:\\n\\nReview Count:\\n\\nWorst Rating:\\n\\nBest Rating:\\n\\n### DELICIOUS DEAL\\n\\n12 ISSUES FOR JUST $12\\n\\nSubscribe & Save\\n\\n### Sign Up for Our Newsletter\\n\\nKeeping you in the know on all the latest & greatest food and travel news, and\\nother special offers.\\n\\nSign up\\n\\nFood & Wine may receive compensation for some links to products and services\\non this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. © 2017 Time\\nInc. Affluent Media Group. All rights reserved. View Website Terms and\\nConditions and Privacy Policy. Your California Privacy Rights. Ad Choices.\\nUsers of this site agree to be bound by the Website Terms and Conditions and\\nPrivacy Policy. foodandwine.com is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and\\nthe MyRecipes Network.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190324071114/http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Steamed Eggplant — The Coast Kitchen\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I used to be really intimidated by cooking eggplant. Looking back on it, I am not entirely sure why. I think one reason might be that I didn't know that eggplant could be steamed. Which is definitely the way to go if you are new to the eggplant game. My sister-in-law Linh made this steamed eggplant dish a few weeks ago. I haven't been able to stop thinking about it since. It is sweet and salty and unexplainably satisfying to eat. I hounded her until she revealed her secrets to me. Which I will now reveal to you!\",\n \"There are many types of eggplants in the nightshade family, which is the same family as peppers and tomatoes. The one pictured above is called Graffiti eggplant, which I had never heard of until about a week ago. It is both beautiful and delicious! Here is a fun round-up of different eggplant varieties and what to do with them.\",\n \"Ingredients: 1 eggplant 1 teaspoon minced ginger 1/4 cup thinly sliced scallions 1/4 cup sesame oil 1/4 cup canola oil (or a comparable neutral vegetable oil) soy sauce kosher salt\",\n \"Cube the eggplant into bite-sized chunks and steam until fork tender. I don't have a steamer basket, so I just put a strainer over a pot of boiling water and threw a lid on it. While the eggplant is cooking, combine ginger, scallions, sesame oil and canola oil over low heat until fragrant (about 8 minutes). Season with salt. Plate the eggplant and drizzle with ginger scallion oil and then soy sauce.\",\n \"You can throw this together in 10 minutes and is a great side dish. Or a snack. Which is how I justify that Mike and I ate it about one minute after I was done photographing it.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Steamed Eggplant — The Coast Kitchen\\n\\nMenu\\n\\nStreet Address\\n\\nOakland, California\\n\\nPhone Number\\n\\nRecipes, Photos and Inspiration from the West Coast.\\n\\nYour Custom Text Here\\n\\n# Steamed Eggplant\\n\\nJuly 6, 2014 Liv Maki\\n\\nI used to be really intimidated by cooking eggplant. Looking back on it, I am\\nnot entirely sure why. I think one reason might be that I didn't know that\\neggplant could be steamed. Which is definitely the way to go if you are new to\\nthe eggplant game. My sister-in-law Linh made this steamed eggplant dish a few\\nweeks ago. I haven't been able to stop thinking about it since. It is sweet\\nand salty and unexplainably satisfying to eat. I hounded her until she\\nrevealed her secrets to me. Which I will now reveal to you!\\n\\nThere are many types of eggplants in the nightshade family, which is the same\\nfamily as peppers and tomatoes. The one pictured above is called Graffiti\\neggplant, which I had never heard of until about a week ago. It is both\\nbeautiful and delicious! Here is a fun round-up of different eggplant\\nvarieties and what to do with them.\\n\\nIngredients: 1 eggplant 1 teaspoon minced ginger 1/4 cup thinly sliced\\nscallions 1/4 cup sesame oil 1/4 cup canola oil (or a comparable neutral\\nvegetable oil) soy sauce kosher salt\\n\\nCube the eggplant into bite-sized chunks and steam until fork tender. I don't\\nhave a steamer basket, so I just put a strainer over a pot of boiling water\\nand threw a lid on it. While the eggplant is cooking, combine ginger,\\nscallions, sesame oil and canola oil over low heat until fragrant (about 8\\nminutes). Season with salt. Plate the eggplant and drizzle with ginger\\nscallion oil and then soy sauce.\\n\\nYou can throw this together in 10 minutes and is a great side dish. Or a\\nsnack. Which is how I justify that Mike and I ate it about one minute after I\\nwas done photographing it.\\n\\nTags recipe, vegan, vegetarian, summer\\n\\n## Spring Recipes\\n\\nFeatured\\n\\nMay 10, 2016\\n\\nPasta Primavera\\n\\nMay 10, 2016\\n\\nMay 10, 2016\\n\\nMar 9, 2016\\n\\nCitrus Pistachio Salad\\n\\nMar 9, 2016\\n\\nMar 9, 2016\\n\\nJun 2, 2015\\n\\nChickpea + Carrot Sauté\\n\\nJun 2, 2015\\n\\nJun 2, 2015\\n\\nMar 29, 2015\\n\\nGarlic Miso Dressing\\n\\nMar 29, 2015\\n\\nMar 29, 2015\\n\\nJun 22, 2014\\n\\nGinger Ice Cream\\n\\nJun 22, 2014\\n\\nJun 22, 2014\\n\\nJun 8, 2014\\n\\nRoasted Cauliflower & Herb Soup\\n\\nJun 8, 2014\\n\\nJun 8, 2014\\n\\nApr 22, 2014\\n\\nLemon & Creme Fraiche Mashed Potatoes\\n\\nApr 22, 2014\\n\\nApr 22, 2014\\n\\nApr 16, 2014\\n\\nGarlic Herb Dressing and a Picnic\\n\\nApr 16, 2014\\n\\nApr 16, 2014\\n\\n## Summer Recipes\\n\\nFeatured\\n\\nAug 12, 2018\\n\\nSlow & Low Roasted Tomatoes\\n\\nAug 12, 2018\\n\\nAug 12, 2018\\n\\nJul 16, 2018\\n\\nApricot Tart\\n\\nJul 16, 2018\\n\\nJul 16, 2018\\n\\nDec 16, 2017\\n\\nQuick-Pickled Red Onion\\n\\nDec 16, 2017\\n\\nDec 16, 2017\\n\\nJul 28, 2016\\n\\nMint + Fava Bean Hummus\\n\\nJul 28, 2016\\n\\nJul 28, 2016\\n\\nOct 4, 2015\\n\\nTomato Tart\\n\\nOct 4, 2015\\n\\nOct 4, 2015\\n\\nSep 2, 2015\\n\\nButtermilk Potato Salad\\n\\nSep 2, 2015\\n\\nSep 2, 2015\\n\\nJul 26, 2015\\n\\nSimple Summer Tomato Soup\\n\\nJul 26, 2015\\n\\nJul 26, 2015\\n\\nJun 28, 2015\\n\\nTahini Carrot Salad\\n\\nJun 28, 2015\\n\\nJun 28, 2015\\n\\nMay 1, 2015\\n\\nAvocado + Tomatillo Salsa\\n\\nMay 1, 2015\\n\\nMay 1, 2015\\n\\nJan 20, 2015\\n\\nMinty Meyer Lemonade\\n\\nJan 20, 2015\\n\\nJan 20, 2015\\n\\nOct 16, 2014\\n\\nBasil Shortbread Cookies\\n\\nOct 16, 2014\\n\\nOct 16, 2014\\n\\nSep 18, 2014\\n\\nA Farmers' Cookbook- Pt 2\\n\\nSep 18, 2014\\n\\nSep 18, 2014\\n\\nSep 8, 2014\\n\\nFire-Roasted Tomato Sauce\\n\\nSep 8, 2014\\n\\nSep 8, 2014\\n\\nAug 25, 2014\\n\\nRoasted Salsa Verde\\n\\nAug 25, 2014\\n\\nAug 25, 2014\\n\\nAug 10, 2014\\n\\nRaspberry Rum Spritzer\\n\\nAug 10, 2014\\n\\nAug 10, 2014\\n\\nJul 18, 2014\\n\\nPlum Upside-Down Cake\\n\\nJul 18, 2014\\n\\nJul 18, 2014\\n\\nJul 6, 2014\\n\\nSteamed Eggplant\\n\\nJul 6, 2014\\n\\nJul 6, 2014\\n\\nJun 29, 2014\\n\\nNaturally Fermented Pickles\\n\\nJun 29, 2014\\n\\nJun 29, 2014\\n\\nMay 14, 2014\\n\\nJalapeño Mac & Cheese\\n\\nMay 14, 2014\\n\\nMay 14, 2014\\n\\n## Fall Recipes\\n\\nFeatured\\n\\nOct 3, 2016\\n\\nAutumn Cake\\n\\nOct 3, 2016\\n\\nOct 3, 2016\\n\\nOct 27, 2015\\n\\nFennel + Beef Stew\\n\\nOct 27, 2015\\n\\nOct 27, 2015\\n\\nSep 8, 2015\\n\\nCheese + Chive Popovers\\n\\nSep 8, 2015\\n\\nSep 8, 2015\\n\\nNov 3, 2014\\n\\nPepita Kale Salad\\n\\nNov 3, 2014\\n\\nNov 3, 2014\\n\\nSep 28, 2014\\n\\nLemon Lentil Soup\\n\\nSep 28, 2014\\n\\nSep 28, 2014\\n\\nAug 20, 2014\\n\\nChicken Orecchiette Soup\\n\\nAug 20, 2014\\n\\nAug 20, 2014\\n\\nMar 23, 2014\\n\\nButternut Squash Soup with Parmesan\\n\\nMar 23, 2014\\n\\nMar 23, 2014\\n\\n## Winter Recipes\\n\\nFeatured\\n\\nFeb 4, 2017\\n\\nNutty Maple Shortbread\\n\\nFeb 4, 2017\\n\\nFeb 4, 2017\\n\\nMar 9, 2016\\n\\nCitrus Pistachio Salad\\n\\nMar 9, 2016\\n\\nMar 9, 2016\\n\\nJan 19, 2016\\n\\nCarrot Ginger Slaw\\n\\nJan 19, 2016\\n\\nJan 19, 2016\\n\\nJan 3, 2016\\n\\nChicory Salad with Crème Fraîche\\n\\nJan 3, 2016\\n\\nJan 3, 2016\\n\\nNov 29, 2015\\n\\nOrange Pineapple Carnitas\\n\\nNov 29, 2015\\n\\nNov 29, 2015\\n\\nMay 24, 2015\\n\\nHoney Chocolate Chip Banana Bread\\n\\nMay 24, 2015\\n\\nMay 24, 2015\\n\\nApr 24, 2015\\n\\nSpicy Braised Pork\\n\\nApr 24, 2015\\n\\nApr 24, 2015\\n\\nMar 15, 2015\\n\\nOlive Oil + Citrus Cake\\n\\nMar 15, 2015\\n\\nMar 15, 2015\\n\\nFeb 20, 2015\\n\\nRefried Beans\\n\\nFeb 20, 2015\\n\\nFeb 20, 2015\\n\\nFeb 1, 2015\\n\\nSalted Caramel Apple Pie\\n\\nFeb 1, 2015\\n\\nFeb 1, 2015\\n\\nJan 20, 2015\\n\\nMinty Meyer Lemonade\\n\\nJan 20, 2015\\n\\nJan 20, 2015\\n\\nDec 26, 2014\\n\\nHomemade Hoisin Sauce\\n\\nDec 26, 2014\\n\\nDec 26, 2014\\n\\nNov 30, 2014\\n\\nSmokey Hot Sauce\\n\\nNov 30, 2014\\n\\nNov 30, 2014\\n\\nOct 28, 2014\\n\\nChocolate Cayenne Brownies\\n\\nOct 28, 2014\\n\\nOct 28, 2014\\n\\nApr 12, 2014\\n\\nLime & Smoked Paprika Roasted Chicken\\n\\nApr 12, 2014\\n\\nApr 12, 2014\\n\\nMar 23, 2014\\n\\nButternut Squash Soup with Parmesan\\n\\nMar 23, 2014\\n\\nMar 23, 2014\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928002549/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli Recipe\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Slice eggplant into thin slices and place on a heatproof plate. Place plate in a steamer, cover with lid and steam for 15 minutes.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli Recipe - Food.com\\n\\nProfile\\n\\nAdd a Recipe\\n\\nUser Settings\\n\\nRecipes / Vegetable\\n\\n# Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli\\n\\n(5)\\n\\nRecipe by melting pot\\n\\nClassic and simple.\\n\\n5\\n\\nPeople talking\\n\\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\\n\\nREADY IN: 25mins\\n\\nSERVES: 4\\n\\nUNITS: US\\n\\n#### INGREDIENTS\\n\\nNutrition\\n\\n * 2\\n\\ntablespoons soy sauce\\n\\n * 1\\n\\ntablespoon light-flavoured vinegar (try rice vinegar or white vinegar)\\n\\n * 1\\n\\ngarlic clove, crushed\\n\\n * 1\\n\\nteaspoon caster sugar\\n\\n * 1\\n\\neggplant (about 500g)\\n\\n#### NUTRITION INFO\\n\\nServing Size: 1 (129) g\\n\\nServings Per Recipe: 4\\n\\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\\n\\nCalories: 38.7\\n\\nCalories from Fat 2 g 5 %\\n\\nTotal Fat 0.2 g 0 %\\n\\nSaturated Fat 0 g 0 %\\n\\nCholesterol 0 mg 0 %\\n\\nSodium 505.2 mg 21 %\\n\\nTotal Carbohydrate 8.3 g 2 %\\n\\nDietary Fiber 4 g 15 %\\n\\nSugars 3.9 g 15 %\\n\\nProtein 2.1 g 4 %\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n#### DIRECTIONS\\n\\n * Combine soy sauce, vinegar, garlic and sugar in a bowl. Set aside.\\n * Slice eggplant into thin slices and place on a heatproof plate. Place plate in a steamer, cover with lid and steam for 15 minutes.\\n * Pour over sauce and steam for another 5 minutes.\\n * Serve sprinkled with 1 finely sliced small red chilli and 1 small handful chopped coriander.\\n\\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\\n\\nSteamed Eggplant With Minced Chicken in Rice Vinegar\\n\\nby Jeff LimChef166107\\n\\n(2)\\n\\nOur 50 Most-Saved Recipes\\n\\nTop 100 Recipes for Kids\\n\\n26 Oktoberfest Recipes to Celebrate...\\n\\nView All Recipes\\n\\nBACK TO TOP\\n\\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\\n\\n * HGTV\\n * DIY Network\\n * Food Network\\n * Cooking Channel\\n * Travel Channel\\n * HGTV Poland\\n\\n© 2020 Scripps Networks, LLC.\\n\\nAll Rights Reserved.\\n\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * AdChoices\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Visitor Agreement\\n\\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":349,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":2259684,"string":"2,259,684"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make Sweet Potato Fries"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To make sweet potato fries, start by peeling some sweet potatoes and cutting them into wedges. Then, toss the wedges with some olive oil in a bowl before adding brown sugar, salt, pepper, paprika, and cinnamon. Next, spread the seasoned wedges out on a lined or greased baking sheet so they're in an even layer. Finally, bake the fries in the oven at 450 degrees Fahrenheit for 15 minutes or until they're browned on the outside."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20211010165529/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/","http://web.archive.org/web/20181005011456/http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701","http://web.archive.org/web/20140118165150/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211010165529/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20181005011456/http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20140118165150/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2654,"string":"2,654"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211010165529/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/","parsed_text":{"title":"Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe","passages":["Elise founded Simply Recipes in 2003 and led the site until 2019. She has an MA in Food Research from Stanford University.","And once you know how to make them, you will never have an excuse to not cook sweet potatoes again.","Munch. Yum. Munch. Yum. I'm still eating them in my mind. I brought these over for my father to try. I think he only got to eat one or two because he was also eating the rest of his dinner, the dinner I abandoned in favor of these.","They're really easy to make, too. Just peel a few sweet potatoes, cut them into wedges or rounds, toss with some olive oil, sprinkle with spices, and bake at a high temperature until lightly browned. So good!","Sweet potatoes can take high heat, and you might see them and worry they're burned. The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line between browned and burnt beyond edibility.","Even if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. But watch carefully to ensure that they don't go from browned to burned.","The baking times are approximate; it depends on how thick you cut the wedges or rounds of sweet potatoes. Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about the same rate. For best browning results, bake only one sheet at a time.","1 to 2 tablespoons spice or spice combination of your choice: chipotle powder, smoked paprika, Chinese five-spice, pumpkin pie spice, garam masala, Cajun seasoning, etc.","Preheat oven to 450°F. (For more crispiness, preheat your oven to 500°F.) Place a roasting pan or heavy duty baking sheet (one that can take high heat) in the oven to preheat.","Peel the sweet potatoes and cut off the ends. Cut the potatoes in half lengthwise and then, if they are very long, in half crosswise. Cut each piece into 1/4 to 1/2-inch thick wedges. Alternately, you can slice the peeled sweet potato into disks either with a mandoline or a sharp knife.","Put the sweet potatoes into a large bowl and add the oil. Mix well to combine. Sprinkle with salt and spices of your choice. Use your hands to mix well, so all pieces are coated with oil and spices.","Remove the preheated baking sheet from the oven. Carefully spread the sweet potatoes out in a single layer on the baking sheet. (Watch out, the pan is hot!)","Bake for 15 to 25 minutes. After the first 10 minutes, remove the baking sheet from the oven and use tongs to turn over all of the sweet potato pieces.","Cooking time depends on the temperature of the oven (500°F will need less cooking time than 450°F) and the size and thinness of the sweet potato wedges.","The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line between browned and burnt beyond edibility. Even if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. So watch carefully.","Servings: 4 to 6 Amount per serving Calories| 203 % Daily Value* Total Fat 7g| 9% Saturated Fat 1g| 5% Cholesterol 0mg| 0% Sodium 446mg| 19% Total Carbohydrate 33g| 12% Dietary Fiber 6g| 21% Total Sugars 10g Protein 3g Vitamin C 30mg| 148% Calcium 67mg| 5% Iron 2mg| 9% Potassium 770mg| 16% *The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.","Nutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be considered an estimate. In cases where multiple ingredient alternatives are given, the first listed is calculated for nutrition. Garnishes and optional ingredients are not included.","I don't like this at all. It's not the worst. Sure, this will do. I'm a fan—would recommend. Amazing! I love it! Thanks for your rating!"]},"parsed_md":"Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\n\nSimplyRecipes.com\n\n# Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries\n\n## These oven baked sweet potato fries are so addictive! Wedges of sweet\npotatoes, tossed with oil, sprinkled with spices, and baked at high heat until\nbrowned and crispy at the edges.\n\nBy\n\nElise Bauer\n\nElise Bauer\n\nElise founded Simply Recipes in 2003 and led the site until 2019. She has an\nMA in Food Research from Stanford University.\n\nLearn about Simply Recipes' Editorial Process\n\nUpdated June 20, 2021\n\n86 ratings\n\nAdd a Comment\n\n * Pin\n * Share\n * Email\n\nElise Bauer\n\n12 Recipes and Tips for Healthier Snacking\n\nFEATURED IN:\n\nThese. Are. So. Addictive.\n\nAnd once you know how to make them, you will never have an excuse to not cook\nsweet potatoes again.\n\nThose kids who won't eat their veggies? Ha!\n\nThey'll eat so many of these fries, their skin will turn yellow from beta\ncarotene.\n\nMunch. Yum. Munch. Yum. I'm still eating them in my mind. I brought these over\nfor my father to try. I think he only got to eat one or two because he was\nalso eating the rest of his dinner, the dinner I abandoned in favor of these.\n\n## Video: How to Make Sweet Potato Fries\n\n1:07\n\n### Sweet Potato Fries\n\n## How to Make Sweet Potato Fries\n\nThey're really easy to make, too. Just peel a few sweet potatoes, cut them\ninto wedges or rounds, toss with some olive oil, sprinkle with spices, and\nbake at a high temperature until lightly browned. So good!\n\n## How to Season Sweet Potato Fries\n\nSweet potato fries taste great with spices and seasonings such as:\n\n * Chipotle powder\n * Smoked paprika\n * Chinese five-spice\n * Pumpkin pie spice\n * Garam masala\n * Cajun seasoning.\n\nFeel free to use what you like.\n\nElise Bauer\n\n## How to Tell When the Fries Are Done\n\nSweet potatoes can take high heat, and you might see them and worry they're\nburned. The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine\nline between browned and burnt beyond edibility.\n\nEven if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural\nsugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. But watch carefully to ensure that\nthey don't go from browned to burned.\n\n## Tips for the Best Sweet Potato Fries Ever\n\n * Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about the same rate.\n * Preheat the oven with the baking sheet inside.\n * For best browning results bake only one sheet at a time.\n * For extra caramelization, sprinkle fries with a little sugar before putting in the oven.\n * Swap out half of the oil with melted butter for some extra flavor\n\n## Love Sweet Potatoes? Check Out These Recipes\n\n * Cider Roasted Root Vegetables\n * Grilled Sweet Potatoes\n * Crispy Sweet Potato Pancake Lettuce Wraps\n * Sweet Potato and Black Bean Tacos\n * Roasted Sweet Potato Quinoa Bowls\n\nFeatured Video\n\n## Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries\n\nPrep Time 10 mins\n\nCook Time 20 mins\n\nTotal Time 30 mins\n\nServings 4 to 6 servings\n\nThe baking times are approximate; it depends on how thick you cut the wedges\nor rounds of sweet potatoes. Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about\nthe same rate. For best browning results, bake only one sheet at a time.\n\nFor extra caramelization, sprinkle fries with a little sugar before putting in\nthe oven.\n\nFor extra flavor, try swapping out half of the oil with melted butter.\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 2 pounds orange fleshed sweet potatoes (about 3 large)\n\n * 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil\n\n * 1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt\n\n * 1 to 2 tablespoons spice or spice combination of your choice: chipotle powder, smoked paprika, Chinese five-spice, pumpkin pie spice, garam masala, Cajun seasoning, etc.\n\n### Method\n\n 1. Preheat oven and roasting pan:\n\nPreheat oven to 450°F. (For more crispiness, preheat your oven to 500°F.)\nPlace a roasting pan or heavy duty baking sheet (one that can take high heat)\nin the oven to preheat.\n\n 2. Peel and cut sweet potatoes into wedges:\n\nPeel the sweet potatoes and cut off the ends. Cut the potatoes in half\nlengthwise and then, if they are very long, in half crosswise. Cut each piece\ninto 1/4 to 1/2-inch thick wedges. Alternately, you can slice the peeled sweet\npotato into disks either with a mandoline or a sharp knife.\n\nElise Bauer\n\n 3. Toss with oil, salt, spices:\n\nPut the sweet potatoes into a large bowl and add the oil. Mix well to combine.\nSprinkle with salt and spices of your choice. Use your hands to mix well, so\nall pieces are coated with oil and spices.\n\n 4. Spread out onto preheated pan:\n\nRemove the preheated baking sheet from the oven. Carefully spread the sweet\npotatoes out in a single layer on the baking sheet. (Watch out, the pan is\nhot!)\n\nElise Bauer\n\n 5. Bake:\n\nBake for 15 to 25 minutes. After the first 10 minutes, remove the baking sheet\nfrom the oven and use tongs to turn over all of the sweet potato pieces.\n\nReturn to the oven and bake for another 5 to 15 minutes, or until they are\nwell browned.\n\nCooking time depends on the temperature of the oven (500°F will need less\ncooking time than 450°F) and the size and thinness of the sweet potato wedges.\n\nThe browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line\nbetween browned and burnt beyond edibility. Even if they get really dark, they\nshould still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes\ncaramelizing. So watch carefully.\n\nElise Bauer\n\n 6. Serve:\n\nWhen ready let the fries cool for 5 minutes before serving.\n\nNutrition Facts (per serving) \n--- \n203| Calories \n7g| Fat \n33g| Carbs \n3g| Protein \n \nShow Full Nutrition Label Hide Full Nutrition Label\n\n×\n\nNutrition Facts \n--- \nServings: 4 to 6 \nAmount per serving \nCalories| 203 \n% Daily Value* \nTotal Fat 7g| 9% \nSaturated Fat 1g| 5% \nCholesterol 0mg| 0% \nSodium 446mg| 19% \nTotal Carbohydrate 33g| 12% \nDietary Fiber 6g| 21% \nTotal Sugars 10g \nProtein 3g \nVitamin C 30mg| 148% \nCalcium 67mg| 5% \nIron 2mg| 9% \nPotassium 770mg| 16% \n*The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice. \n \nNutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be\nconsidered an estimate. In cases where multiple ingredient alternatives are\ngiven, the first listed is calculated for nutrition. Garnishes and optional\ningredients are not included.\n\nRate This Recipe\n\nI don't like this at all. It's not the worst. Sure, this will do. I'm a\nfan—would recommend. Amazing! I love it! Thanks for your rating!\n\nWhat's in Season - February Produce Guide\n\nSheet Pan Mini Meatloaves with Crispy Broccoli and Mustard Glazed Potatoes\n\n35 mins\n\nRatings\n\nCider Vinaigrette Roasted Root Vegetables\n\n65 mins\n\nRatings\n\nOven-Roasted New Potatoes\n\n50 mins\n\nRatings\n\nAir Fryer Avocado Fries\n\n33 mins\n\nRatings\n\nPotato Skins\n\n110 mins\n\nRatings\n\nHomemade Pepperoni Pizza\n\n25 mins\n\nRatings\n\nYorkshire Pudding\n\n45 mins\n\nRatings\n\nAir Fryer Crispy Cauliflower\n\n17 mins\n\nRatings\n\nAir Fryer Tostones\n\n45 mins\n\nRatings\n\nKnow Your Spices: Garam Masala\n\nEasy Baked Brie in Puff Pastry\n\n35 mins\n\nRatings\n\nNashville Hot Chicken\n\n44 mins\n\nRatings\n\nCreamy Sweet Potato Soup\n\n65 mins\n\nRatings\n\nSpicy Buffalo Chicken Burgers\n\n25 mins\n\nRatings\n\nTandoori Chicken\n\n55 mins\n\nRatings\n\nSimplyRecipes.com\n\nSign up for our weekly newsletters! Ready to cook?\n\n * Recipes\n * Quick & Easy\n * In the Kitchen\n * Buying Guides\n * Holidays & Seasons\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Terms of Use\n * Careers\n * Editorial Guidelines\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Contact\n * California Privacy Notice\n\nSimply Recipes uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience and\nfor our\n\nbusiness purposes.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20181005011456/http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701","parsed_text":{"title":"Why sweet potatoes are healthier than white potatoes","passages":["Sweet potatoes are often regarded as a healthier alternative to the white potato, which has been recently maligned as “Public Enemy No. 1” in America’s battle of the bulge. Some would even say that sweet potatoes are to white potatoes what brown rice is to white.","But in a head-to-head comparison, these two tubers are seemingly very similar. In a 100-gram portion, the white potato has 92 calories, 21 grams of carbs, 2.3 grams of dietary fiber, 2.3 g of protein and 17% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C. The same amount of sweet potato, on the other hand, has 90 calories, 21 grams of carbs, 3 grams of fiber, 2 grams of protein, 35% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 380% of the daily recommended value of vitamin A.","The truth is that not enough data exist to ascertain whether sweet potatoes are having the same impact on Americans’ waistlines as white potatoes, said the authors of last week’s study in the New England Journal of Medicine that looked at dietary and lifestyle factors associated with long-term weight gain. And that is probably because Americans simply do not eat that many sweet potatoes.","According to the 2010 census, the average American ate a mere 5.2 pounds of the brightly colored vegetable per year. That’s less than 5% of the average amount of white potatoes each person in the U.S. consumes each year, which totals about 117 pounds.","Moreover, other factors, like the preparation method, strongly influence how foods affect weight gain, said Adelia Bovell-Benjamin, a nutritionist and sweet potato expert at Tuskegee University in Alabama. People tend to eat sweet potatoes baked or boiled, not fried, but more than a third of all white potatoes are consumed as either chips or French fries, experts said.","Frying potatoes in oil also increases the caloric density, meaning that there are more calories per bite, plus the salt content tends to be high, said Bonnie Liebman, a nutrionist at the Center for Science in the Public Interest. Eating foods that are high in salt is associated with increased risk for high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and stroke. Neither of these things is a problem with sweet potatoes, she added.","Preparation methods being equal, however, the brightly colored roots could still have a leg up. Sweet potatoes are loaded with antioxidants, said Bovell- Benjamin. They are rich in beta-carotene, vitamin C, pro-vitamin E, anthocyanins and sporamins. Studies suggest that eating antioxidant-rich foods could lower the risk of developing certain chronic conditions, like heart disease and cancer. Anthocyanins have been shown to decrease weight gain from high-fat diets in pre-clinical studies in animals, and sporamins may have anti-carcinogenic properties.","Sweet potatoes also have a lower glycemic index than regular potatoes. The glycemic index is a measure of how quickly blood glucose levels rise after eating. Foods that have a low glycemic index do not cause a quick spike in blood sugar and thus do not overwork the pancreas, said Bovell-Benjamin. As a result, people don’t experience the same roller coaster of sugar highs and lows, which can lead to hunger and the consumption of extra calories. In other words, foods with lower glycemic indexes, like sweet potatoes and brown rice, make you feel full longer.","People rarely eat meals composed of only one food type, so it’s important to take everything in context. A sweet potato isn't really good for you if it’s fried and eaten along with a generous serving of mom’s apple pie."]},"parsed_md":"Why sweet potatoes are healthier than white potatoes - latimes\n\nAdvertisement\n\nYOU ARE HERE: LAT Home→Collections\n\n## BOOSTER SHOTS: Oddities, musings and news from the health world\n\n# Sweet potatoes vs. white potatoes: Are both bad for the waistline?\n\nJuly 01, 2011|By Daniela Hernandez, Los Angeles Times/For the Booster Shots\nblog\n\nSweet potatoes have more nutrients than white potatoes, but they're... (USDA )\n\nSweet potatoes are often regarded as a healthier alternative to the white\npotato, which has been recently maligned as “Public Enemy No. 1” in America’s\nbattle of the bulge. Some would even say that sweet potatoes are to white\npotatoes what brown rice is to white.\n\nBut in a head-to-head comparison, these two tubers are seemingly very similar.\nIn a 100-gram portion, the white potato has 92 calories, 21 grams of carbs,\n2.3 grams of dietary fiber, 2.3 g of protein and 17% of the recommended daily\nvalue of vitamin C. The same amount of sweet potato, on the other hand, has 90\ncalories, 21 grams of carbs, 3 grams of fiber, 2 grams of protein, 35% of the\nrecommended daily value of vitamin C and 380% of the daily recommended value\nof vitamin A.\n\nImportantly, both have won Vegetable of the Month designations from the\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention.\n\nGiven this information, it may seem surprising that the sweet potato has a\nbetter reputation than its white cousin.\n\nThe truth is that not enough data exist to ascertain whether sweet potatoes\nare having the same impact on Americans’ waistlines as white potatoes, said\nthe authors of last week’s study in the New England Journal of Medicine that\nlooked at dietary and lifestyle factors associated with long-term weight gain.\nAnd that is probably because Americans simply do not eat that many sweet\npotatoes.\n\nAccording to the 2010 census, the average American ate a mere 5.2 pounds of\nthe brightly colored vegetable per year. That’s less than 5% of the average\namount of white potatoes each person in the U.S. consumes each year, which\ntotals about 117 pounds.\n\nMoreover, other factors, like the preparation method, strongly influence how\nfoods affect weight gain, said Adelia Bovell-Benjamin, a nutritionist and\nsweet potato expert at Tuskegee University in Alabama. People tend to eat\nsweet potatoes baked or boiled, not fried, but more than a third of all white\npotatoes are consumed as either chips or French fries, experts said.\n\nFrying potatoes in oil also increases the caloric density, meaning that there\nare more calories per bite, plus the salt content tends to be high, said\nBonnie Liebman, a nutrionist at the Center for Science in the Public Interest.\nEating foods that are high in salt is associated with increased risk for high\nblood pressure, cardiovascular disease and stroke. Neither of these things is\na problem with sweet potatoes, she added.\n\nPreparation methods being equal, however, the brightly colored roots could\nstill have a leg up. Sweet potatoes are loaded with antioxidants, said Bovell-\nBenjamin. They are rich in beta-carotene, vitamin C, pro-vitamin E,\nanthocyanins and sporamins. Studies suggest that eating antioxidant-rich foods\ncould lower the risk of developing certain chronic conditions, like heart\ndisease and cancer. Anthocyanins have been shown to decrease weight gain from\nhigh-fat diets in pre-clinical studies in animals, and sporamins may have\nanti-carcinogenic properties.\n\nSweet potatoes also have a lower glycemic index than regular potatoes. The\nglycemic index is a measure of how quickly blood glucose levels rise after\neating. Foods that have a low glycemic index do not cause a quick spike in\nblood sugar and thus do not overwork the pancreas, said Bovell-Benjamin. As a\nresult, people don’t experience the same roller coaster of sugar highs and\nlows, which can lead to hunger and the consumption of extra calories. In other\nwords, foods with lower glycemic indexes, like sweet potatoes and brown rice,\nmake you feel full longer.\n\nPeople rarely eat meals composed of only one food type, so it’s important to\ntake everything in context. A sweet potato isn't really good for you if it’s\nfried and eaten along with a generous serving of mom’s apple pie.\n\nMORE:\n\n## Seizure Led to FloJo's Death\n\n## His 104 scores make his case\n\n## Restaurant review: South Beverly Grill\n\n## Brutal Murder by Teen-Age Girls Adds to Britons' Shock\n\n## Comaneci Confirms Suicide Attempt, Magazine Says\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFROM THE ARCHIVES\n\n * More sweet potatoes grace California's farms and Americans... September 5, 2011\n * The Naked Potato September 27, 2000\n * I Yam What I Yam May 21, 1997\n * Avoid Winter Weight Gain : Limit Calories With... January 10, 1985\n\nCopyright 2018 Los Angeles Times\n\nTerms of Service\n\n|\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n|\n\nIndex by Date\n\n|\n\nIndex by Keyword\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20140118165150/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe : Paula Deen : Recipes : Food Network","passages":["Line a sheet tray with parchment. In a large bowl toss sweet potatoes with just enough oil to coat. Sprinkle with House Seasoning and paprika. Spread sweet potatoes in single layer on prepared baking sheet, being sure not to overcrowd. Bake until sweet potatoes are tender and golden brown, turning occasionally, about 20 minutes. Let cool 5 to 10 minutes before serving.","Per Serving (based on 3 servings): Calories: 273; Fat: 9.5g (Saturated Fat: 1g); Protein: 4g; Carbohydrates: 44g; Sugar: 9g; Fiber 7g; Cholesterol: 0mg; Sodium: 1,670mg","Get a taste of our upcoming new website, making it easier than ever to find your favorite recipes and shows. 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All Rights Reserved.\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * Olive Oil, for tossing\n * 5 sweet potatoes, peeled and sliced into 1/4-inch long slices, then 1/4-wide inch strips, using a crinkle cut knife\n * 1 tablespoon House Seasoning (recipe follows)\n * 1/2 teaspoon paprika\n\n## Directions\n\nPreheat oven to 450 degrees F.\n\nLine a sheet tray with parchment. In a large bowl toss sweet potatoes with\njust enough oil to coat. Sprinkle with House Seasoning and paprika. Spread\nsweet potatoes in single layer on prepared baking sheet, being sure not to\novercrowd. Bake until sweet potatoes are tender and golden brown, turning\noccasionally, about 20 minutes. Let cool 5 to 10 minutes before serving.\n\nPer Serving (based on 3 servings): Calories: 273; Fat: 9.5g (Saturated Fat:\n1g); Protein: 4g; Carbohydrates: 44g; Sugar: 9g; Fiber 7g; Cholesterol: 0mg;\nSodium: 1,670mg\n\n## House Seasoning:\n\n * 1 cup salt\n * 1/4 cup black pepper\n * 1/4 cup garlic powder\n\nFor the House Seasoning:\n\nMix ingredients together and store in an airtight container for up to 6\nmonths.\n\nPrint Recipe\n\n## Browse Similar Recipes\n\n * Baked Sweet Potato...\n\nBy: Ina Garten\n\n * Sweet Potato Fries\n\nBy: Jeff Mauro\n\n * Sweet Potato Fries\n\nBy: Ree Drummond\n\n * Sweet Potato Garlic Fries\n\nBy: Giada De Laurentiis\n\nView All 11 Potato Collections\n\n## Potato Recipe Collections\n\n * Potato Casserole Recipes(40)\n * Roasted Potato Recipes(252)\n\n * Scalloped Potato Recipes(21)\n * Fries Recipes(120)\n\n * Potato Soup Recipes(234)\n * Sweet Potato Recipes(572)\n\n#### Browse Reviews by Keywordnew!\n\nFlag as inappropriate\n\nThank you! your flag was submitted.\n\n## Next Recipe\n\n### Baked Sweet Potato \"Fries\"\n\nBy: Ina Garten\n\nRated 4 stars out of 5\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### On TV\n\nFull Schedule · Shows A-Z\n\nWhat's Hot\n\n \n\nGuy's Grocery Games\n\nHosted by: Guy Fieri\n\n#### Most Popular Right Now\n\n#### Recipes\n\nSee More Recipes »\n\nBuffalo Chicken Cheese Balls\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n307 Reviews\n\nRoasted Brussels Sprouts\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n409 Reviews\n\nBlondies\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n70 Reviews\n\n#### Photo Galleries\n\nTop Holiday Cookies\n\nEasy, Elegant Holiday Appetizer Recipes\n\n#### Videos\n\nWatch More Videos »\n\nRee's Holiday Cinnamon Rolls\n\n27153 views 00:03:17\n\nDecadent White Hot Chocolate\n\n21445 views 00:03:31\n\n#### Today's Deal\n\nBrowse More Products »\n\nHungry Girl\n\n$12.20\n\n9-in. 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All rights reserved.\n\n### International Editions\n\n * United States\n * United Kingdom\n * Asia\n * Europe, Middle East & Africa\n\nx\n\nInternational Editions\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211010165529/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Elise founded Simply Recipes in 2003 and led the site until 2019. She has an MA in Food Research from Stanford University.\",\n \"And once you know how to make them, you will never have an excuse to not cook sweet potatoes again.\",\n \"Munch. Yum. Munch. Yum. I'm still eating them in my mind. I brought these over for my father to try. I think he only got to eat one or two because he was also eating the rest of his dinner, the dinner I abandoned in favor of these.\",\n \"They're really easy to make, too. Just peel a few sweet potatoes, cut them into wedges or rounds, toss with some olive oil, sprinkle with spices, and bake at a high temperature until lightly browned. So good!\",\n \"Sweet potatoes can take high heat, and you might see them and worry they're burned. The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line between browned and burnt beyond edibility.\",\n \"Even if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. But watch carefully to ensure that they don't go from browned to burned.\",\n \"The baking times are approximate; it depends on how thick you cut the wedges or rounds of sweet potatoes. Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about the same rate. For best browning results, bake only one sheet at a time.\",\n \"1 to 2 tablespoons spice or spice combination of your choice: chipotle powder, smoked paprika, Chinese five-spice, pumpkin pie spice, garam masala, Cajun seasoning, etc.\",\n \"Preheat oven to 450°F. (For more crispiness, preheat your oven to 500°F.) Place a roasting pan or heavy duty baking sheet (one that can take high heat) in the oven to preheat.\",\n \"Peel the sweet potatoes and cut off the ends. Cut the potatoes in half lengthwise and then, if they are very long, in half crosswise. Cut each piece into 1/4 to 1/2-inch thick wedges. Alternately, you can slice the peeled sweet potato into disks either with a mandoline or a sharp knife.\",\n \"Put the sweet potatoes into a large bowl and add the oil. Mix well to combine. Sprinkle with salt and spices of your choice. Use your hands to mix well, so all pieces are coated with oil and spices.\",\n \"Remove the preheated baking sheet from the oven. Carefully spread the sweet potatoes out in a single layer on the baking sheet. (Watch out, the pan is hot!)\",\n \"Bake for 15 to 25 minutes. After the first 10 minutes, remove the baking sheet from the oven and use tongs to turn over all of the sweet potato pieces.\",\n \"Cooking time depends on the temperature of the oven (500°F will need less cooking time than 450°F) and the size and thinness of the sweet potato wedges.\",\n \"The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line between browned and burnt beyond edibility. Even if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. So watch carefully.\",\n \"Servings: 4 to 6 Amount per serving Calories| 203 % Daily Value* Total Fat 7g| 9% Saturated Fat 1g| 5% Cholesterol 0mg| 0% Sodium 446mg| 19% Total Carbohydrate 33g| 12% Dietary Fiber 6g| 21% Total Sugars 10g Protein 3g Vitamin C 30mg| 148% Calcium 67mg| 5% Iron 2mg| 9% Potassium 770mg| 16% *The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.\",\n \"Nutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be considered an estimate. In cases where multiple ingredient alternatives are given, the first listed is calculated for nutrition. Garnishes and optional ingredients are not included.\",\n \"I don't like this at all. It's not the worst. Sure, this will do. I'm a fan—would recommend. Amazing! I love it! Thanks for your rating!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\\n\\nSimplyRecipes.com\\n\\n# Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\n## These oven baked sweet potato fries are so addictive! Wedges of sweet\\npotatoes, tossed with oil, sprinkled with spices, and baked at high heat until\\nbrowned and crispy at the edges.\\n\\nBy\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\nElise founded Simply Recipes in 2003 and led the site until 2019. She has an\\nMA in Food Research from Stanford University.\\n\\nLearn about Simply Recipes' Editorial Process\\n\\nUpdated June 20, 2021\\n\\n86 ratings\\n\\nAdd a Comment\\n\\n * Pin\\n * Share\\n * Email\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\n12 Recipes and Tips for Healthier Snacking\\n\\nFEATURED IN:\\n\\nThese. Are. So. Addictive.\\n\\nAnd once you know how to make them, you will never have an excuse to not cook\\nsweet potatoes again.\\n\\nThose kids who won't eat their veggies? Ha!\\n\\nThey'll eat so many of these fries, their skin will turn yellow from beta\\ncarotene.\\n\\nMunch. Yum. Munch. Yum. I'm still eating them in my mind. I brought these over\\nfor my father to try. I think he only got to eat one or two because he was\\nalso eating the rest of his dinner, the dinner I abandoned in favor of these.\\n\\n## Video: How to Make Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\n1:07\\n\\n### Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\n## How to Make Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\nThey're really easy to make, too. Just peel a few sweet potatoes, cut them\\ninto wedges or rounds, toss with some olive oil, sprinkle with spices, and\\nbake at a high temperature until lightly browned. So good!\\n\\n## How to Season Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\nSweet potato fries taste great with spices and seasonings such as:\\n\\n * Chipotle powder\\n * Smoked paprika\\n * Chinese five-spice\\n * Pumpkin pie spice\\n * Garam masala\\n * Cajun seasoning.\\n\\nFeel free to use what you like.\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\n## How to Tell When the Fries Are Done\\n\\nSweet potatoes can take high heat, and you might see them and worry they're\\nburned. The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine\\nline between browned and burnt beyond edibility.\\n\\nEven if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural\\nsugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. But watch carefully to ensure that\\nthey don't go from browned to burned.\\n\\n## Tips for the Best Sweet Potato Fries Ever\\n\\n * Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about the same rate.\\n * Preheat the oven with the baking sheet inside.\\n * For best browning results bake only one sheet at a time.\\n * For extra caramelization, sprinkle fries with a little sugar before putting in the oven.\\n * Swap out half of the oil with melted butter for some extra flavor\\n\\n## Love Sweet Potatoes? Check Out These Recipes\\n\\n * Cider Roasted Root Vegetables\\n * Grilled Sweet Potatoes\\n * Crispy Sweet Potato Pancake Lettuce Wraps\\n * Sweet Potato and Black Bean Tacos\\n * Roasted Sweet Potato Quinoa Bowls\\n\\nFeatured Video\\n\\n## Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\nPrep Time 10 mins\\n\\nCook Time 20 mins\\n\\nTotal Time 30 mins\\n\\nServings 4 to 6 servings\\n\\nThe baking times are approximate; it depends on how thick you cut the wedges\\nor rounds of sweet potatoes. Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about\\nthe same rate. For best browning results, bake only one sheet at a time.\\n\\nFor extra caramelization, sprinkle fries with a little sugar before putting in\\nthe oven.\\n\\nFor extra flavor, try swapping out half of the oil with melted butter.\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 2 pounds orange fleshed sweet potatoes (about 3 large)\\n\\n * 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil\\n\\n * 1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt\\n\\n * 1 to 2 tablespoons spice or spice combination of your choice: chipotle powder, smoked paprika, Chinese five-spice, pumpkin pie spice, garam masala, Cajun seasoning, etc.\\n\\n### Method\\n\\n 1. Preheat oven and roasting pan:\\n\\nPreheat oven to 450°F. (For more crispiness, preheat your oven to 500°F.)\\nPlace a roasting pan or heavy duty baking sheet (one that can take high heat)\\nin the oven to preheat.\\n\\n 2. Peel and cut sweet potatoes into wedges:\\n\\nPeel the sweet potatoes and cut off the ends. Cut the potatoes in half\\nlengthwise and then, if they are very long, in half crosswise. Cut each piece\\ninto 1/4 to 1/2-inch thick wedges. Alternately, you can slice the peeled sweet\\npotato into disks either with a mandoline or a sharp knife.\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\n 3. Toss with oil, salt, spices:\\n\\nPut the sweet potatoes into a large bowl and add the oil. Mix well to combine.\\nSprinkle with salt and spices of your choice. Use your hands to mix well, so\\nall pieces are coated with oil and spices.\\n\\n 4. Spread out onto preheated pan:\\n\\nRemove the preheated baking sheet from the oven. Carefully spread the sweet\\npotatoes out in a single layer on the baking sheet. (Watch out, the pan is\\nhot!)\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\n 5. Bake:\\n\\nBake for 15 to 25 minutes. After the first 10 minutes, remove the baking sheet\\nfrom the oven and use tongs to turn over all of the sweet potato pieces.\\n\\nReturn to the oven and bake for another 5 to 15 minutes, or until they are\\nwell browned.\\n\\nCooking time depends on the temperature of the oven (500°F will need less\\ncooking time than 450°F) and the size and thinness of the sweet potato wedges.\\n\\nThe browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line\\nbetween browned and burnt beyond edibility. Even if they get really dark, they\\nshould still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes\\ncaramelizing. So watch carefully.\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\n 6. Serve:\\n\\nWhen ready let the fries cool for 5 minutes before serving.\\n\\nNutrition Facts (per serving) \\n--- \\n203| Calories \\n7g| Fat \\n33g| Carbs \\n3g| Protein \\n \\nShow Full Nutrition Label Hide Full Nutrition Label\\n\\n×\\n\\nNutrition Facts \\n--- \\nServings: 4 to 6 \\nAmount per serving \\nCalories| 203 \\n% Daily Value* \\nTotal Fat 7g| 9% \\nSaturated Fat 1g| 5% \\nCholesterol 0mg| 0% \\nSodium 446mg| 19% \\nTotal Carbohydrate 33g| 12% \\nDietary Fiber 6g| 21% \\nTotal Sugars 10g \\nProtein 3g \\nVitamin C 30mg| 148% \\nCalcium 67mg| 5% \\nIron 2mg| 9% \\nPotassium 770mg| 16% \\n*The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice. \\n \\nNutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be\\nconsidered an estimate. In cases where multiple ingredient alternatives are\\ngiven, the first listed is calculated for nutrition. Garnishes and optional\\ningredients are not included.\\n\\nRate This Recipe\\n\\nI don't like this at all. It's not the worst. Sure, this will do. I'm a\\nfan—would recommend. Amazing! I love it! Thanks for your rating!\\n\\nWhat's in Season - February Produce Guide\\n\\nSheet Pan Mini Meatloaves with Crispy Broccoli and Mustard Glazed Potatoes\\n\\n35 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nCider Vinaigrette Roasted Root Vegetables\\n\\n65 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nOven-Roasted New Potatoes\\n\\n50 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nAir Fryer Avocado Fries\\n\\n33 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nPotato Skins\\n\\n110 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nHomemade Pepperoni Pizza\\n\\n25 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nYorkshire Pudding\\n\\n45 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nAir Fryer Crispy Cauliflower\\n\\n17 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nAir Fryer Tostones\\n\\n45 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nKnow Your Spices: Garam Masala\\n\\nEasy Baked Brie in Puff Pastry\\n\\n35 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nNashville Hot Chicken\\n\\n44 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nCreamy Sweet Potato Soup\\n\\n65 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nSpicy Buffalo Chicken Burgers\\n\\n25 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nTandoori Chicken\\n\\n55 mins\\n\\nRatings\\n\\nSimplyRecipes.com\\n\\nSign up for our weekly newsletters! Ready to cook?\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Quick & Easy\\n * In the Kitchen\\n * Buying Guides\\n * Holidays & Seasons\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Careers\\n * Editorial Guidelines\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Cookies\\n * Contact\\n * California Privacy Notice\\n\\nSimply Recipes uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience and\\nfor our\\n\\nbusiness purposes.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20181005011456/http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Why sweet potatoes are healthier than white potatoes\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Sweet potatoes are often regarded as a healthier alternative to the white potato, which has been recently maligned as “Public Enemy No. 1” in America’s battle of the bulge. Some would even say that sweet potatoes are to white potatoes what brown rice is to white.\",\n \"But in a head-to-head comparison, these two tubers are seemingly very similar. In a 100-gram portion, the white potato has 92 calories, 21 grams of carbs, 2.3 grams of dietary fiber, 2.3 g of protein and 17% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C. The same amount of sweet potato, on the other hand, has 90 calories, 21 grams of carbs, 3 grams of fiber, 2 grams of protein, 35% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 380% of the daily recommended value of vitamin A.\",\n \"The truth is that not enough data exist to ascertain whether sweet potatoes are having the same impact on Americans’ waistlines as white potatoes, said the authors of last week’s study in the New England Journal of Medicine that looked at dietary and lifestyle factors associated with long-term weight gain. And that is probably because Americans simply do not eat that many sweet potatoes.\",\n \"According to the 2010 census, the average American ate a mere 5.2 pounds of the brightly colored vegetable per year. That’s less than 5% of the average amount of white potatoes each person in the U.S. consumes each year, which totals about 117 pounds.\",\n \"Moreover, other factors, like the preparation method, strongly influence how foods affect weight gain, said Adelia Bovell-Benjamin, a nutritionist and sweet potato expert at Tuskegee University in Alabama. People tend to eat sweet potatoes baked or boiled, not fried, but more than a third of all white potatoes are consumed as either chips or French fries, experts said.\",\n \"Frying potatoes in oil also increases the caloric density, meaning that there are more calories per bite, plus the salt content tends to be high, said Bonnie Liebman, a nutrionist at the Center for Science in the Public Interest. Eating foods that are high in salt is associated with increased risk for high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and stroke. Neither of these things is a problem with sweet potatoes, she added.\",\n \"Preparation methods being equal, however, the brightly colored roots could still have a leg up. Sweet potatoes are loaded with antioxidants, said Bovell- Benjamin. They are rich in beta-carotene, vitamin C, pro-vitamin E, anthocyanins and sporamins. Studies suggest that eating antioxidant-rich foods could lower the risk of developing certain chronic conditions, like heart disease and cancer. Anthocyanins have been shown to decrease weight gain from high-fat diets in pre-clinical studies in animals, and sporamins may have anti-carcinogenic properties.\",\n \"Sweet potatoes also have a lower glycemic index than regular potatoes. The glycemic index is a measure of how quickly blood glucose levels rise after eating. Foods that have a low glycemic index do not cause a quick spike in blood sugar and thus do not overwork the pancreas, said Bovell-Benjamin. As a result, people don’t experience the same roller coaster of sugar highs and lows, which can lead to hunger and the consumption of extra calories. In other words, foods with lower glycemic indexes, like sweet potatoes and brown rice, make you feel full longer.\",\n \"People rarely eat meals composed of only one food type, so it’s important to take everything in context. A sweet potato isn't really good for you if it’s fried and eaten along with a generous serving of mom’s apple pie.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Why sweet potatoes are healthier than white potatoes - latimes\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nYOU ARE HERE: LAT Home→Collections\\n\\n## BOOSTER SHOTS: Oddities, musings and news from the health world\\n\\n# Sweet potatoes vs. white potatoes: Are both bad for the waistline?\\n\\nJuly 01, 2011|By Daniela Hernandez, Los Angeles Times/For the Booster Shots\\nblog\\n\\nSweet potatoes have more nutrients than white potatoes, but they're... (USDA )\\n\\nSweet potatoes are often regarded as a healthier alternative to the white\\npotato, which has been recently maligned as “Public Enemy No. 1” in America’s\\nbattle of the bulge. Some would even say that sweet potatoes are to white\\npotatoes what brown rice is to white.\\n\\nBut in a head-to-head comparison, these two tubers are seemingly very similar.\\nIn a 100-gram portion, the white potato has 92 calories, 21 grams of carbs,\\n2.3 grams of dietary fiber, 2.3 g of protein and 17% of the recommended daily\\nvalue of vitamin C. The same amount of sweet potato, on the other hand, has 90\\ncalories, 21 grams of carbs, 3 grams of fiber, 2 grams of protein, 35% of the\\nrecommended daily value of vitamin C and 380% of the daily recommended value\\nof vitamin A.\\n\\nImportantly, both have won Vegetable of the Month designations from the\\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention.\\n\\nGiven this information, it may seem surprising that the sweet potato has a\\nbetter reputation than its white cousin.\\n\\nThe truth is that not enough data exist to ascertain whether sweet potatoes\\nare having the same impact on Americans’ waistlines as white potatoes, said\\nthe authors of last week’s study in the New England Journal of Medicine that\\nlooked at dietary and lifestyle factors associated with long-term weight gain.\\nAnd that is probably because Americans simply do not eat that many sweet\\npotatoes.\\n\\nAccording to the 2010 census, the average American ate a mere 5.2 pounds of\\nthe brightly colored vegetable per year. That’s less than 5% of the average\\namount of white potatoes each person in the U.S. consumes each year, which\\ntotals about 117 pounds.\\n\\nMoreover, other factors, like the preparation method, strongly influence how\\nfoods affect weight gain, said Adelia Bovell-Benjamin, a nutritionist and\\nsweet potato expert at Tuskegee University in Alabama. People tend to eat\\nsweet potatoes baked or boiled, not fried, but more than a third of all white\\npotatoes are consumed as either chips or French fries, experts said.\\n\\nFrying potatoes in oil also increases the caloric density, meaning that there\\nare more calories per bite, plus the salt content tends to be high, said\\nBonnie Liebman, a nutrionist at the Center for Science in the Public Interest.\\nEating foods that are high in salt is associated with increased risk for high\\nblood pressure, cardiovascular disease and stroke. Neither of these things is\\na problem with sweet potatoes, she added.\\n\\nPreparation methods being equal, however, the brightly colored roots could\\nstill have a leg up. Sweet potatoes are loaded with antioxidants, said Bovell-\\nBenjamin. They are rich in beta-carotene, vitamin C, pro-vitamin E,\\nanthocyanins and sporamins. Studies suggest that eating antioxidant-rich foods\\ncould lower the risk of developing certain chronic conditions, like heart\\ndisease and cancer. Anthocyanins have been shown to decrease weight gain from\\nhigh-fat diets in pre-clinical studies in animals, and sporamins may have\\nanti-carcinogenic properties.\\n\\nSweet potatoes also have a lower glycemic index than regular potatoes. The\\nglycemic index is a measure of how quickly blood glucose levels rise after\\neating. Foods that have a low glycemic index do not cause a quick spike in\\nblood sugar and thus do not overwork the pancreas, said Bovell-Benjamin. As a\\nresult, people don’t experience the same roller coaster of sugar highs and\\nlows, which can lead to hunger and the consumption of extra calories. In other\\nwords, foods with lower glycemic indexes, like sweet potatoes and brown rice,\\nmake you feel full longer.\\n\\nPeople rarely eat meals composed of only one food type, so it’s important to\\ntake everything in context. A sweet potato isn't really good for you if it’s\\nfried and eaten along with a generous serving of mom’s apple pie.\\n\\nMORE:\\n\\n## Seizure Led to FloJo's Death\\n\\n## His 104 scores make his case\\n\\n## Restaurant review: South Beverly Grill\\n\\n## Brutal Murder by Teen-Age Girls Adds to Britons' Shock\\n\\n## Comaneci Confirms Suicide Attempt, Magazine Says\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nFROM THE ARCHIVES\\n\\n * More sweet potatoes grace California's farms and Americans... September 5, 2011\\n * The Naked Potato September 27, 2000\\n * I Yam What I Yam May 21, 1997\\n * Avoid Winter Weight Gain : Limit Calories With... January 10, 1985\\n\\nCopyright 2018 Los Angeles Times\\n\\nTerms of Service\\n\\n|\\n\\nPrivacy Policy\\n\\n|\\n\\nIndex by Date\\n\\n|\\n\\nIndex by Keyword\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20140118165150/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe : Paula Deen : Recipes : Food Network\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Line a sheet tray with parchment. In a large bowl toss sweet potatoes with just enough oil to coat. Sprinkle with House Seasoning and paprika. Spread sweet potatoes in single layer on prepared baking sheet, being sure not to overcrowd. Bake until sweet potatoes are tender and golden brown, turning occasionally, about 20 minutes. Let cool 5 to 10 minutes before serving.\",\n \"Per Serving (based on 3 servings): Calories: 273; Fat: 9.5g (Saturated Fat: 1g); Protein: 4g; Carbohydrates: 44g; Sugar: 9g; Fiber 7g; Cholesterol: 0mg; Sodium: 1,670mg\",\n \"Get a taste of our upcoming new website, making it easier than ever to find your favorite recipes and shows. Take a Peek\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe : Paula Deen : Recipes : Food Network\\n\\n * Watch FN\\n * Food Network Magazine\\n * Blog\\n * Social\\n * Videos\\n * Full Episodes\\n\\nFood Network\\n\\n * Recipes & Cooking\\n * Shows\\n * Chefs\\n * Restaurants\\n * Shop Food Network\\n\\n### Shop by Chef or Show\\n\\n * Rachael Ray\\n * Guy Fieri\\n * Ina Garten\\n * Ree Drummond\\n * More in:\\n * Shop All Chefs & Shows\\n * Recipes & Cooking\\n\\n### Shop by Food Network Store Department\\n\\n * Bakeware\\n * Cookbooks\\n * Cookware\\n * Cook's Tools\\n * Knives\\n * Small Appliances\\n * Store Homepage\\n\\n### Shop Brands, Gifts & Specials\\n\\n * Shop Best Brands\\n * Specials & Clearance\\n * Gift Ideas\\n * All Shop Categories\\n\\n * Healthy Cooking\\n * Big Game Bash\\n * Quick & Easy\\n\\n### Inside Quick & Easy\\n\\n * Weeknight Dinners\\n * Healthy Recipes\\n * Simple Suppers\\n * Meal Makeovers\\n * Family Night\\n * Appetizers\\n * 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What's Cool!\\n * What Would Brian Boitano Make?\\n * Will Work for Food\\n * Wolfgang Puck\\n * Wolfgang Puck's Cooking Class\\n * Worst Cooks in America\\n\\n * Alton Brown\\n * Guy Fieri\\n * Trisha Yearwood\\n * Nancy Fuller\\n * Robert Irvine\\n * Rachael Ray\\n * Ina Garten\\n * Chefs A-Z\\n\\n### Chefs A-ZClose\\n\\n * Aaron McCargo, Jr.\\n * Aaron Sanchez\\n * Aarti Sequeira\\n * Adam Gertler\\n * Aida Mollenkamp\\n * Alexandra Guarnaschelli\\n * Alton Brown\\n * Amy Finley\\n * Amy Thielen\\n * Anne Burrell\\n * Anne Thornton\\n * Beau MacMillan\\n * Bob Blumer\\n * Bobby Deen\\n * Bobby Flay\\n * Brian Boitano\\n * Candace Nelson\\n * Cat Cora\\n * Chris Cognac\\n * Claire Robinson\\n * Daisy Martinez\\n * Damaris Phillips\\n * Danny Boome\\n * Darrell \\\"DAS\\\" Smith\\n * Dave Lieberman\\n * Duff Goldman\\n * Ellie Krieger\\n * Emeril Lagasse\\n * Food Network Kitchens\\n * Geoffrey Zakarian\\n * George Duran\\n * Giada De Laurentiis\\n * Guy Fieri\\n * Ina Garten\\n * Ingrid Hoffmann\\n * Jack Hourigan\\n * Jamie Deen\\n * Jamie Oliver\\n * Janet Johnston\\n * Jeff Corwin\\n * Jeff Henderson\\n * Jeff Mauro\\n * Jim O'Connor\\n * John Besh\\n * Jose Garces\\n * Katie Lee\\n * Keegan Gerhard\\n * Keith Simpson\\n * Kevin Brauch\\n * Marc Forgione\\n * Marc Summers\\n * Marcela Valladolid\\n * Mario Batali\\n * Mark Dacascos\\n * Mary Nolan\\n * Masaharu Morimoto\\n * Melissa d'Arabian\\n * Michael Chiarello\\n * Michael Symon\\n * Nancy Fuller\\n * Nigella Lawson\\n * Patrick and Gina Neely\\n * Paula Deen\\n * Rachael Ray\\n * Rahm Fama\\n * Ree Drummond\\n * Robert Irvine\\n * Robin Miller\\n * Ron Ben-Israel\\n * Sandra Lee\\n * Scott Conant\\n * Sunny Anderson\\n * Ted Allen\\n * The Hearty Boys\\n * Tom Pizzica\\n * Trisha Yearwood\\n * Tyler Florence\\n * Warren Brown\\n\\n * By Show\\n * By Host\\n * By Destination\\n * By Location\\n\\n * Recipe Box\\n\\nHome> Recipes> Comfort food>\\n\\nBaked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\\n\\n# Baked Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\nRecipe courtesy Paula Deen, 2008\\n\\nShow: Paula's PartyEpisode: Gotta See TV Party\\n\\n * Recipe categories: Sweet Potato\\n\\nmore\\n\\n * CookingStyle : Healthy\\n * Cuisine : American\\n * Meal Part : Side Dish\\n * Meal Type : Snack , Lunch , Dinner\\n * Nutrition : High Fiber , Gluten Free , Heart Healthy , Low Calorie , Low-Cholesterol , Low Fat\\n * Season : Fall , Spring , Summer , Winter\\n\\n * recipe\\n * ratings & reviews(106)\\n * videos(3)\\n\\n3 Videos | Photo: Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\\n\\nRated 4 stars out of 5\\n\\n * Rate This Recipe\\n * Read 106 Reviews\\n\\nTotal Time:\\n\\n \\n\\n35 min\\n\\nPrep\\n\\n \\n\\n5 min\\n\\nInactive\\n\\n 10 min\\nCook\\n\\n \\n\\n20 min\\n\\nYield:\\n\\n 3 to 5 servings\\n\\nLevel:\\n\\n Easy\\n\\n * Print Recipe\\n * Full-Page View\\n * Save to Recipe Box\\n * Review Recipe\\n\\nx\\n\\n### Save To My Recipe Box\\n\\nSuccess\\n\\nThis recipe was saved to your Folder_Name folder.\\n\\nx\\n\\n### Save To My Recipe Box\\n\\nPlease sign in to save this recipe to your Recipe Box!!\\n\\n * Fall Produce Main\\n * Shop the Market With Alex\\n * What's in Season Now?\\n * More\\n\\n \\n\\n25 Characters Max\\n\\n### Enter Time:\\n\\n:\\n\\n:\\n\\nStart\\n\\nYou can create up to five timers\\n\\n©Television Food Network G.P. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n## Ingredients\\n\\n * Olive Oil, for tossing\\n * 5 sweet potatoes, peeled and sliced into 1/4-inch long slices, then 1/4-wide inch strips, using a crinkle cut knife\\n * 1 tablespoon House Seasoning (recipe follows)\\n * 1/2 teaspoon paprika\\n\\n## Directions\\n\\nPreheat oven to 450 degrees F.\\n\\nLine a sheet tray with parchment. In a large bowl toss sweet potatoes with\\njust enough oil to coat. Sprinkle with House Seasoning and paprika. Spread\\nsweet potatoes in single layer on prepared baking sheet, being sure not to\\novercrowd. Bake until sweet potatoes are tender and golden brown, turning\\noccasionally, about 20 minutes. Let cool 5 to 10 minutes before serving.\\n\\nPer Serving (based on 3 servings): Calories: 273; Fat: 9.5g (Saturated Fat:\\n1g); Protein: 4g; Carbohydrates: 44g; Sugar: 9g; Fiber 7g; Cholesterol: 0mg;\\nSodium: 1,670mg\\n\\n## House Seasoning:\\n\\n * 1 cup salt\\n * 1/4 cup black pepper\\n * 1/4 cup garlic powder\\n\\nFor the House Seasoning:\\n\\nMix ingredients together and store in an airtight container for up to 6\\nmonths.\\n\\nPrint Recipe\\n\\n## Browse Similar Recipes\\n\\n * Baked Sweet Potato...\\n\\nBy: Ina Garten\\n\\n * Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\nBy: Jeff Mauro\\n\\n * Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\nBy: Ree Drummond\\n\\n * Sweet Potato Garlic Fries\\n\\nBy: Giada De Laurentiis\\n\\nView All 11 Potato Collections\\n\\n## Potato Recipe Collections\\n\\n * Potato Casserole Recipes(40)\\n * Roasted Potato Recipes(252)\\n\\n * Scalloped Potato Recipes(21)\\n * Fries Recipes(120)\\n\\n * Potato Soup Recipes(234)\\n * Sweet Potato Recipes(572)\\n\\n#### Browse Reviews by Keywordnew!\\n\\nFlag as inappropriate\\n\\nThank you! your flag was submitted.\\n\\n## Next Recipe\\n\\n### Baked Sweet Potato \\\"Fries\\\"\\n\\nBy: Ina Garten\\n\\nRated 4 stars out of 5\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n#### On TV\\n\\nFull Schedule · Shows A-Z\\n\\nWhat's Hot\\n\\n \\n\\nGuy's Grocery Games\\n\\nHosted by: Guy Fieri\\n\\n#### Most Popular Right Now\\n\\n#### Recipes\\n\\nSee More Recipes »\\n\\nBuffalo Chicken Cheese Balls\\n\\nRated 5 stars out of 5\\n\\n307 Reviews\\n\\nRoasted Brussels Sprouts\\n\\nRated 5 stars out of 5\\n\\n409 Reviews\\n\\nBlondies\\n\\nRated 5 stars out of 5\\n\\n70 Reviews\\n\\n#### Photo Galleries\\n\\nTop Holiday Cookies\\n\\nEasy, Elegant Holiday Appetizer Recipes\\n\\n#### Videos\\n\\nWatch More Videos »\\n\\nRee's Holiday Cinnamon Rolls\\n\\n27153 views 00:03:17\\n\\nDecadent White Hot Chocolate\\n\\n21445 views 00:03:31\\n\\n#### Today's Deal\\n\\nBrowse More Products »\\n\\nHungry Girl\\n\\n$12.20\\n\\n9-in. 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Take a Peek\\n\\n#### Free Recipe of the Day Newsletter\\n\\nLet Food Network chefs plan what's for dinner, with quick and easy recipes\\ndelivered to your inbox daily.\\n\\n#### Ads by Google\\n\\n#### Ideas From Food Network\\n\\n * Celebration Cakes\\n * Unforgettable Transformations\\n\\n * Our Best Sweet Treats\\n * Best Breakfast Recipes\\n\\n * Easy Appetizers\\n * Iron Chef: Behind the Scenes\\n\\n * Healthy Pasta Recipes\\n * Meals from the Pantry\\n\\n * Chopped After Hours\\n * Contests and Promotions\\n\\n#### More From Food Network\\n\\n * Social: Facebook and More\\n * Sweepstakes and Contests\\n * Amazon, iTunes and Mobile\\n * FN Dish\\n * Share Our Strength\\n * Recipes A-Z\\n * Topics A-Z\\n\\n##### Food Network Family\\n\\n##### Cooking Channel\\n\\nThe Best One-Pot Dinners\\n\\n##### Food.com\\n\\n * 20 Soups, Stews & Chilis\\n * Top Weight Watchers Picks\\n * Lightened-Up Comfort Foods\\n\\n##### HGTV\\n\\n * Favorite Winter Decor Trends\\n * Get Organized in the New Year\\n * You Could Win Dream Home 2014\\n\\n##### Travel Channel\\n\\n * Win a $100,000 Trip\\n * Best All-Inclusive Resorts\\n * 2014 Travel Trends\\n\\nFood Network\\n\\n * FoodNetwork.com Home\\n * Recipes & Cooking\\n * Quick & Easy\\n * Healthy Eating\\n * Holidays & Parties\\n * Shows\\n * Chefs\\n * Video\\n * Shop\\n\\n### Scripps Networks Digital\\n\\n * Cooking Channel\\n * Food.com\\n * CityEats.com\\n * HGTV\\n * DIY Network\\n * FrontDoor.com\\n * HGTVRemodels.com\\n * HGTVGardens.com\\n * Travel Channel\\n * GAC\\n * uLive.com\\n\\nx\\n\\nSee All of Scripps Networks Digital\\n\\n * Site Map\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * AdChoices\\n * Infringements\\n * About\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Help\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n© 2014 Television Food Network G.P. All rights reserved.\\n\\n### International Editions\\n\\n * United States\\n * United Kingdom\\n * Asia\\n * Europe, Middle East & Africa\\n\\nx\\n\\nInternational Editions\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":350,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1474294,"string":"1,474,294"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Calculate Arbitrage in Forex"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To calculate arbitrage in Forex, first find the current exchange rates for each of your currency pairs on your broker’s software or on websites that list current exchange rates. Next, convert your starting currency into your second, second to third, and then back into your starting currency. For example, convert USD to EUR, EUR to GBP, and then GBP back to USD. Finally, you can determine your profit by subtracting your starting sum from your final number."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20190729143559/https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp","http://web.archive.org/web/20201028201803/https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190331195934/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp","http://web.archive.org/web/20180106220128/https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190729143559/https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201028201803/https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190331195934/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180106220128/https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":737,"string":"737"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190729143559/https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?","passages":["Forex arbitrage is a risk-free trading strategy that allows retail forex traders to make a profit with no open currency exposure. The strategy involves acting on opportunities presented by pricing inefficiencies in the short window they exist. This type of arbitrage trading involves the buying and selling of different currency pairs to exploit any pricing inefficiencies. We can better understand how this strategy works through the following example.","The current exchange rates of the EUR/USD, EUR/GBP, GBP/USD pairs are 1.1837, 0.7231, and 1.6388, respectively. In this case, a forex trader could buy one mini-lot of EUR for USD 11,837. The trader could then sell the 10,000 Euros for 7,231 British pounds. The 7,231 GBP could then be sold for USD 11,850 for a profit of $13 per trade, with no open exposure as long positions cancel short positions in each currency. The same trade using normal lots (rather than mini-lots) of 100,000 would yield a profit of $130.","The act of exploiting the pricing inefficiencies will correct the problem so traders must be ready to act quickly is the case with arbitrage strategies. For this reason, these opportunities are often around for a very short time. Arbitrage currency trading requires the availability of real-time pricing quotes and the ability to act fast on opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are available to aid in this process of finding opportunities in a short window of time.","There are many tools available that can help find pricing inefficiencies, which otherwise can be time-consuming. One of these tools is the forex arbitrage calculator, which provides retail forex traders with real-time forex arbitrage opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are sold through third parties and forex brokers. It is essential to try out a demo account first, as all software programs and platforms used in retail forex trading are not one in the same. It is also worth sampling multiple products before deciding on one to determine the best calculator for your trading strategy.","A cross-currency transaction is one which involves the simultaneous buying and selling of two or more currencies to exploit currency divergences.","Triangular arbitrage involves the exchange of a currency for a second, then a third and then back to the original currency in a short amount of time.","Forex (FX) is the market where currencies are traded and the term is the shortened form of foreign exchange. Forex is the largest financial marketplace in the world. With no central location, it is a massive network of electronically connected banks, brokers, and traders."]},"parsed_md":"How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?\n\n * Education\n\n * General\n\n * Dictionary\n * Economics\n * Corporate Finance\n * Stocks\n * Mutual Funds\n * ETFs\n * Investing/Trading\n\n * Investing Essentials\n * Fundamental Analysis\n * Portfolio Management\n * Trading Essentials\n * Technical Analysis\n * Risk Management\n\n * Markets\n\n * News\n\n * Company News\n * Markets News\n * Trading News\n * Political News\n * Trends\n * Popular Stocks\n\n * Apple (AAPL)\n * Tesla (TSLA)\n * Amazon (AMZN)\n * AMD (AMD)\n * Facebook (FB)\n * Netflix (NFLX)\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Create an Account\n * Join a Game\n * My Simulator\n\n * My Game\n * Create a Game\n\n * Your Money\n\n * Personal Finance\n\n * Wealth Management\n * Budgeting/Saving\n * Banking\n * Credit Cards\n * Home Ownership\n * Retirement Planning\n * Taxes\n * Insurance\n * Reviews & Ratings\n\n * 2019 Broker Awards\n * Fidelity Review\n * Interactive Brokers Review\n * Charles Schwab Review\n * TradeStation Review\n * TD Ameritrade Review\n\n * Advisors\n\n * Your Practice\n\n * Practice Management\n * Continuing Education\n * Financial Advisor Careers\n * Investopedia 100\n * Wealth Management\n\n * Portfolio Construction\n * Financial Planning\n\n * Academy\n\n * Popular Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Become a Day Trader\n * Trading for Beginners\n * Technical Analysis\n * Courses by Topic\n\n * All Courses\n * Trading Courses\n * Investing Courses\n * Financial Professional Courses\n\n * Login\n * Newsletters\n\nForex & Currencies Trading\n\n * Forex Trading Strategy & Education\n * Advanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\nForex & Currencies Trading Advanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\n# How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?\n\n * FACEBOOK\n * TWITTER\n * LINKEDIN\n\nBy Nick K. Lioudis\n\nUpdated Jun 25, 2019\n\nForex arbitrage is a risk-free trading strategy that allows retail forex\ntraders to make a profit with no open currency exposure. The strategy involves\nacting on opportunities presented by pricing inefficiencies in the short\nwindow they exist. This type of arbitrage trading involves the buying and\nselling of different currency pairs to exploit any pricing inefficiencies. We\ncan better understand how this strategy works through the following example.\n\n### Example: Arbitrage Currency Trading\n\nThe current exchange rates of the EUR/USD, EUR/GBP, GBP/USD pairs are 1.1837,\n0.7231, and 1.6388, respectively. In this case, a forex trader could buy one\nmini-lot of EUR for USD 11,837. The trader could then sell the 10,000 Euros\nfor 7,231 British pounds. The 7,231 GBP could then be sold for USD 11,850 for\na profit of $13 per trade, with no open exposure as long positions cancel\nshort positions in each currency. The same trade using normal lots (rather\nthan mini-lots) of 100,000 would yield a profit of $130.\n\nThe act of exploiting the pricing inefficiencies will correct the problem so\ntraders must be ready to act quickly is the case with arbitrage strategies.\nFor this reason, these opportunities are often around for a very short time.\nArbitrage currency trading requires the availability of real-time pricing\nquotes and the ability to act fast on opportunities. Forex arbitrage\ncalculators are available to aid in this process of finding opportunities in a\nshort window of time.\n\n### Forex Arbitrage Calculator\n\nThere are many tools available that can help find pricing inefficiencies,\nwhich otherwise can be time-consuming. One of these tools is the forex\narbitrage calculator, which provides retail forex traders with real-time forex\narbitrage opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are sold through third\nparties and forex brokers. It is essential to try out a demo account first, as\nall software programs and platforms used in retail forex trading are not one\nin the same. It is also worth sampling multiple products before deciding on\none to determine the best calculator for your trading strategy.\n\nFor further reading on the fundamentals of forex trading, see \"Getting Started\nin Forex.\"\n\nCompare Investment Accounts\n\nProvider\n\nName\n\nDescription\n\n×\n\nThe offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which\nInvestopedia receives compensation.\n\n### Related Articles\n\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\n\n### How to Choose a Forex Broker: Everything You Need to Know\n\nAdvanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\n### A Primer On Cross Currency Triangulation\n\nFinancial Technology & Automated Investing\n\n### How do I use software to make arbitrage trades?\n\nAdvanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\n### Using Currency Correlations To Your Advantage\n\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\n\n### Learn About Trading FX with This Beginner's Guide to Forex Trading\n\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\n\n### 6 Questions About Currency Trading\n\nPartner Links\n\n### Related Terms\n\nForex Arbitrage Definition\n\nForex arbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of currency in two\ndifferent markets to exploit short-term pricing inefficiency.\n\nmore\n\nCross-Currency Transaction Definition\n\nA cross-currency transaction is one which involves the simultaneous buying and\nselling of two or more currencies to exploit currency divergences.\n\nmore\n\nTriangular Arbitrage Definition\n\nTriangular arbitrage involves the exchange of a currency for a second, then a\nthird and then back to the original currency in a short amount of time.\n\nmore\n\nForex (FX) Definition and Uses\n\nForex (FX) is the market where currencies are traded and the term is the\nshortened form of foreign exchange. Forex is the largest financial marketplace\nin the world. With no central location, it is a massive network of\nelectronically connected banks, brokers, and traders.\n\nmore\n\nCurrency Arbitrage Definition\n\nCurrency arbitrage is the act of buying and selling currencies instantaneously\nfor a riskless profit.\n\nmore\n\nDual Currency Service\n\nA dual currency service allows investors to speculate on exchange rate\nmovement between two currencies.\n\nmore\n\n * Terms\n * News\n * Tutorials\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Careers\n\n * #\n * a\n * b\n * c\n * d\n * e\n * f\n * g\n * h\n * i\n * j\n * k\n * l\n * m\n * n\n * o\n * p\n * q\n * r\n * s\n * t\n * u\n * v\n * w\n * x\n * y\n * z\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201028201803/https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/","parsed_text":{"title":"Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality","passages":["Arbitrage trading is a risk free way of making money by tapping into gaps that may occur. Theoretically, arbitrage trading can be done in forex by enjoying the fractions of pips that are missed in crosses. Here’s how it works – in theory. In practice, remember that forex trading isn’t easy money.","Did you ever try to calculate the price of a cross pair by yourself? Crosses such as GBP/AUD or NZD/CAD don’t necessarily appear by default on your site’s quote list. But even for popular pairs, did you see the full triangular connection? Sometimes a pip or more are missing:","At the time of writing, EUR/USD is priced at 1.3339, GBP/USD at 1.5343 and EUR/GBP at 0.8688. Buying a standard lot of 100,000 pounds would cost 153,430 dollars, according to GBP/USD. These 100,000 pounds could be sold for euros, according to EUR/GBP and get the trader 115,101. Now these euros could buy back 153,533 US dollars.","So, all in all we paid 153,430 and got 153,533 back – a profit of 103 dollars. If this kind of trading is risk free, why settle for one standard lot -why not 10 or 100?","One of the reasons for these gaps is that the representation for the crosses isn’t complete – if you make the calculation by yourself, you’ll see many more digits – these fractions of pips make the arbitrage gap. Some brokers take this into consideration and show more digits, narrowing down the gap.","And when the gap is narrow, the broker’s revenue kicks in. This gap may be filled by the spreads – try calculating the cross by using the correct bid or ask values, and you might find that there’s no arbitrage – such a deal will always lose.","The same applies for brokers that charge a commission for every deal – the commission may erase your theoretical profit.","Even if you’ve identified a genuine gap, are you quick enough to act? Probably not. Even if you use some kind of signal service to give you an alert ons such an arbitrage opportunity, you might blink and miss your chance. There are many forex arbitrage calculators out there – you be careful with them.","Another option is that you might be lucky and the price moves with you – making you a bigger profit than expected. But it might go the other way and cause you loss in this “risk free” method.","Another note: trying out this method on a forex demo account might be interesting, but can’t be trusted – the quotes in demo accounts sometimes lag – the gaps could be the result of this issue. You can see this work many times in demo account, but fail in a real account. I highly recommend a demo account for many purposes, but in case of this forex arbitrage, it just won’t work.","Yohay Elam – Founder, Writer and Editor I have been into forex trading for over 5 years, and I share the experience that I have and the knowledge that I’ve accumulated. After taking a short course about forex. Like many forex traders, I’ve earned a significant share of my knowledge the hard way. Macroeconomics, the impact of news on the ever-moving currency markets and trading psychology have always fascinated me. Before founding Forex Crunch, I’ve worked as a programmer in various hi-tech companies. I have a B. Sc. in Computer Science from Ben Gurion University. Given this background, forex software has a relatively bigger share in the posts. Yohay's Google Profile","Forex Crunch is a site all about the foreign exchange market, which consists of news, opinions, daily and weekly forex analysis, technical analysis, tutorials, basics of the forex market, forex software posts, insights about the forex industry and whatever is related to Forex.","Foreign exchange (Forex) trading carries a high level of risk and may not be suitable for all investors. The risk grows as the leverage is higher. Investment objectives, risk appetite and the trader's level of experience should be carefully weighed before entering the Forex market. There is always a possibility of losing some or all of your initial investment / deposit, so you should not invest money which you cannot afford to lose. The high risk that is involved with currency trading must be known to you. Please ask for advice from an independent financial advisor before entering this market. Any comments made on Forex Crunch or on other sites that have received permission to republish the content originating on Forex Crunch reflect the opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of any of Forex Crunch's authorized authors. Forex Crunch has not verified the accuracy or basis-in-fact of any claim or statement made by any independent author: Omissions and errors may occur. Any news, analysis, opinion, price quote or any other information contained on Forex Crunch and permitted re-published content should be taken as general market commentary. This is by no means investment advice. Forex Crunch will not accept liability for any damage, loss, including without limitation to, any profit or loss, which may either arise directly or indirectly from use of such information."]},"parsed_md":"Forex Arbitrage - Theory and Reality | Forex Crunch\n\nLatest\n\n * Canada: BoC makes a needed QE recalibration NFB\n * How three US election outcomes (and a contested result) could rock the dollar\n * Germany’s Merkel: We call on citizens to call off all non-essential travel\n * Gold Price Analysis: XAU/USD hits fresh monthly lows near $1,870 and remains vulnerable\n * Yearn Finance developer Andre Cronje launches new KP3R token, skyrockets 2,000% within hours\n * German government, states agree on coronavirus aid package worth up to €10 billion – Reuters\n * Coronavirus update UK: 24,701 new cases confirmed on Wednesday, 310 fatalities\n * USD/CAD: Messy US election to inspire a push towards 1.35 – TDS\n\nYou are at:Home»Basics & Industry»Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality\n\n# Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality\n\n0\n\nBy Yohay Elam Published: May 14, 2010 20:00 GMT | Last Modified: Jan 2, 2011\n01:58 GMT Basics & Industry, Forex Basics\n\nArbitrage trading is a risk free way of making money by tapping into gaps that\nmay occur. Theoretically, arbitrage trading can be done in forex by enjoying\nthe fractions of pips that are missed in crosses. Here’s how it works – in\ntheory. In practice, remember that forex trading isn’t easy money.\n\nDid you ever try to calculate the price of a cross pair by yourself? Crosses\nsuch as GBP/AUD or NZD/CAD don’t necessarily appear by default on your site’s\nquote list. But even for popular pairs, did you see the full triangular\nconnection? Sometimes a pip or more are missing:\n\nThe theory\n\nAt the time of writing, EUR/USD is priced at 1.3339, GBP/USD at 1.5343 and\nEUR/GBP at 0.8688. Buying a standard lot of 100,000 pounds would cost 153,430\ndollars, according to GBP/USD. These 100,000 pounds could be sold for euros,\naccording to EUR/GBP and get the trader 115,101. Now these euros could buy\nback 153,533 US dollars.\n\nSo, all in all we paid 153,430 and got 153,533 back – a profit of 103 dollars.\nIf this kind of trading is risk free, why settle for one standard lot -why not\n10 or 100?\n\nThe reality\n\nOne of the reasons for these gaps is that the representation for the crosses\nisn’t complete – if you make the calculation by yourself, you’ll see many more\ndigits – these fractions of pips make the arbitrage gap. Some brokers take\nthis into consideration and show more digits, narrowing down the gap.\n\nAnd when the gap is narrow, the broker’s revenue kicks in. This gap may be\nfilled by the spreads – try calculating the cross by using the correct bid or\nask values, and you might find that there’s no arbitrage – such a deal will\nalways lose.\n\nThe same applies for brokers that charge a commission for every deal – the\ncommission may erase your theoretical profit.\n\nEven if you’ve identified a genuine gap, are you quick enough to act? Probably\nnot. Even if you use some kind of signal service to give you an alert ons such\nan arbitrage opportunity, you might blink and miss your chance. There are many\nforex arbitrage calculators out there – you be careful with them.\n\nAnother option is that you might be lucky and the price moves with you –\nmaking you a bigger profit than expected. But it might go the other way and\ncause you loss in this “risk free” method.\n\nAnother note: trying out this method on a forex demo account might be\ninteresting, but can’t be trusted – the quotes in demo accounts sometimes lag\n– the gaps could be the result of this issue. You can see this work many times\nin demo account, but fail in a real account. I highly recommend a demo account\nfor many purposes, but in case of this forex arbitrage, it just won’t work.\n\nWant to see what other traders are doing in real accounts? Check out\nCurrensee. It’s free.\n\nGet the 5 most predictable currency pairs\n\nPrevious ArticleEUR/USD Candle Breakout Update\n\nNext Article One Million Trades on Currensee\n\n### About Author\n\nYohay Elam\n\n * Website\n\nYohay Elam – Founder, Writer and Editor I have been into forex trading for\nover 5 years, and I share the experience that I have and the knowledge that\nI’ve accumulated. After taking a short course about forex. Like many forex\ntraders, I’ve earned a significant share of my knowledge the hard way.\nMacroeconomics, the impact of news on the ever-moving currency markets and\ntrading psychology have always fascinated me. Before founding Forex Crunch,\nI’ve worked as a programmer in various hi-tech companies. I have a B. Sc. in\nComputer Science from Ben Gurion University. Given this background, forex\nsoftware has a relatively bigger share in the posts. Yohay's Google Profile\n\nComments are closed.\n\n * ### Top Brokers\n\n * ### About ForexCrunch\n\nForex Crunch is a site all about the foreign exchange market, which consists\nof news, opinions, daily and weekly forex analysis, technical analysis,\ntutorials, basics of the forex market, forex software posts, insights about\nthe forex industry and whatever is related to Forex.\n\nRead More\n\n * ### Follow us\n\n * ### Useful Links\n\n * About\n * The Forex Crunch Team\n * Contact Us\n * Advertising\n * Forex Tools\n\n * ### Recent Updates\n\n * Canada: BoC makes a needed QE recalibration NFB\n * How three US election outcomes (and a contested result) could rock the dollar\n * Germany’s Merkel: We call on citizens to call off all non-essential travel\n * Gold Price Analysis: XAU/USD hits fresh monthly lows near $1,870 and remains vulnerable\n * Yearn Finance developer Andre Cronje launches new KP3R token, skyrockets 2,000% within hours\n * ### Disclaimer\n\nForeign exchange (Forex) trading carries a high level of risk and may not be\nsuitable for all investors. The risk grows as the leverage is higher.\nInvestment objectives, risk appetite and the trader's level of experience\nshould be carefully weighed before entering the Forex market. There is always\na possibility of losing some or all of your initial investment / deposit, so\nyou should not invest money which you cannot afford to lose. The high risk\nthat is involved with currency trading must be known to you. Please ask for\nadvice from an independent financial advisor before entering this market. Any\ncomments made on Forex Crunch or on other sites that have received permission\nto republish the content originating on Forex Crunch reflect the opinions of\nthe individual authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of any of\nForex Crunch's authorized authors. Forex Crunch has not verified the accuracy\nor basis-in-fact of any claim or statement made by any independent author:\nOmissions and errors may occur. Any news, analysis, opinion, price quote or\nany other information contained on Forex Crunch and permitted re-published\ncontent should be taken as general market commentary. This is by no means\ninvestment advice. Forex Crunch will not accept liability for any damage,\nloss, including without limitation to, any profit or loss, which may either\narise directly or indirectly from use of such information.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190331195934/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp","parsed_text":{"title":"Arbitrage","passages":["Arbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset to profit from an imbalance in the price. It is a trade that profits by exploiting the price differences of identical or similar financial instruments on different markets or in different forms. Arbitrage exists as a result of market inefficiencies and would therefore not exist if all markets were perfectly efficient.","Arbitrage occurs when a security is purchased in one market and simultaneously sold in another market at a higher price, thus considered to be risk-free profit for the trader. Arbitrage provides a mechanism to ensure prices do not deviate substantially from fair value for long periods of time. With advancements in technology, it has become extremely difficult to profit from pricing errors in the market. Many traders have computerized trading systems set to monitor fluctuations in similar financial instruments. Any inefficient pricing setups are usually acted upon quickly, and the opportunity is often eliminated in a matter of seconds. Arbitrage is a necessary force in the financial marketplace.","As a simple example of arbitrage, consider the following. The stock of Company X is trading at $20 on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) while, at the same moment, it is trading for $20.05 on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). A trader can buy the stock on the NYSE and immediately sell the same shares on the LSE, earning a profit of 5 cents per share. The trader could continue to exploit this arbitrage until the specialists on the NYSE run out of inventory of Company X's stock, or until the specialists on the NYSE or LSE adjust their prices to wipe out the opportunity.","Though this is not the most complicated arbitrage strategy in use, this example of triangular arbitrage is more complex than the above example. In triangular arbitrage, a trader converts one currency to another at one bank, converts that second currency to another at a second bank, and finally converts the third currency back to the original at a third bank. The same bank would have the information efficiency to ensure all of its currency rates were aligned, requiring the use of different financial institutions for this strategy.","For example, assume you begin with $2 million. You see that at three different institutions the following currency exchange rates are immediately available:","First, you would convert the $2 million to euros at the 0.894 rate, giving you 1,788,000 euros. Next, you would take the 1,788,000 euros and convert them to pounds at the 1.276 rate, giving you 1,401,254 pounds. Next, you would take the pounds and convert them back to U.S. dollars at the 1.432 rate, giving you $2,006,596. Your total risk-free arbitrage profit would be $6,596.","Dividend arbitrage is an options trading strategy that involves purchasing puts and stock before the ex-dividend date and then exercising the put.","Tax arbitrage is the practice of profiting from differences that arise from the ways transactions are treated for tax purposes.","Convertible arbitrage is a trading strategy that involves taking a long position in a convertible security and a short position in the underlying common stock.","A desk trader is a financial trader who is restricted to instituting trades for a firm's clients and who is unable to trade with his/her firm's own accounts."]},"parsed_md":"Arbitrage\n\n * Education\n\n * Reference\n\n * Dictionary\n * Investing 101\n * The 4 Best S&P; 500 Index Funds\n * World's Top 20 Economies\n * Stock Basics Tutorial\n * Options Basics Tutorial\n * Economics Basics\n * Topics\n\n * Stocks\n * Mutual Funds\n * Options\n * Tech\n * ETFs\n * Bonds/Fixed Income\n * Commodities\n\n * Markets\n\n * News\n\n * Watchlist\n * Company News\n * Market/Economy News\n * Popular Stocks\n\n * Apple (AAPL)\n * Tesla (TSLA)\n * Amazon (AMZN)\n * AMD (AMD)\n * Facebook (FB)\n * Netflix (NFLX)\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Create an Account\n * Join a Game\n * My Simulator\n\n * My Game\n * Create a Game\n\n * Your Money\n\n * Personal Finance\n\n * Credit\n * Budgeting/Saving\n * Taxes\n * Retirement\n * Mortgage\n * Insurance\n * Small Business\n * Wealth Management\n * Reviews & Ratings\n\n * Broker Reviews\n * Charles Schwab Review\n * E*TRADE Review\n * Robinhood Review\n\n * Advisors\n\n * Financial Advice\n\n * Advisor Insights\n * Investopedia 100\n * For Financial Advisors\n\n * Join Advisor Insights\n * Your Practice\n\n * Academy\n\n * Popular Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Become a Day Trader\n * Trading for Beginners\n * Technical Analysis\n * Courses by Topic\n\n * All Courses\n * Trading Courses\n * Investing Courses\n * Financial Professional Courses\n\n * Login\n * Advisor Login\n * Newsletters\n\nInvesting\n\n * Financial Analysis\n * Investing Strategy\n * Bonds / Fixed Income\n * Mutual Funds\n * Stocks\n * ETFs\n * Real Estate\n * International / Global\n * Alternative Investments\n * Commodities\n * Asset Allocation\n * Annuities\n * Brokerages\n * Options\n * Futures\n * Sustainable Investing\n\nInvesting Investing Strategy\n\n# Arbitrage\n\nReviewed by James Chen\n\nUpdated Oct 22, 2018\n\n### What is Arbitrage\n\nArbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset to profit from an\nimbalance in the price. It is a trade that profits by exploiting the price\ndifferences of identical or similar financial instruments on different markets\nor in different forms. Arbitrage exists as a result of market inefficiencies\nand would therefore not exist if all markets were perfectly efficient.\n\n### BREAKING DOWN Arbitrage\n\nArbitrage occurs when a security is purchased in one market and simultaneously\nsold in another market at a higher price, thus considered to be risk-free\nprofit for the trader. Arbitrage provides a mechanism to ensure prices do not\ndeviate substantially from fair value for long periods of time. With\nadvancements in technology, it has become extremely difficult to profit from\npricing errors in the market. Many traders have computerized trading systems\nset to monitor fluctuations in similar financial instruments. Any inefficient\npricing setups are usually acted upon quickly, and the opportunity is often\neliminated in a matter of seconds. Arbitrage is a necessary force in the\nfinancial marketplace.\n\nTo understand more about this concept and different types of arbitrage, read\nTrading the Odds With Arbitrage.\n\n### A Simple Arbitrage Example\n\nAs a simple example of arbitrage, consider the following. The stock of Company\nX is trading at $20 on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) while, at the same\nmoment, it is trading for $20.05 on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). A trader\ncan buy the stock on the NYSE and immediately sell the same shares on the LSE,\nearning a profit of 5 cents per share. The trader could continue to exploit\nthis arbitrage until the specialists on the NYSE run out of inventory of\nCompany X's stock, or until the specialists on the NYSE or LSE adjust their\nprices to wipe out the opportunity.\n\n### A Complicated Arbitrage Example\n\nThough this is not the most complicated arbitrage strategy in use, this\nexample of triangular arbitrage is more complex than the above example. In\ntriangular arbitrage, a trader converts one currency to another at one bank,\nconverts that second currency to another at a second bank, and finally\nconverts the third currency back to the original at a third bank. The same\nbank would have the information efficiency to ensure all of its currency rates\nwere aligned, requiring the use of different financial institutions for this\nstrategy.\n\nFor example, assume you begin with $2 million. You see that at three different\ninstitutions the following currency exchange rates are immediately available:\n\n * Institution 1: Euros/USD = 0.894\n * Institution 2: Euros/British pound = 1.276\n * Institution 3: USD/British pound = 1.432\n\nFirst, you would convert the $2 million to euros at the 0.894 rate, giving you\n1,788,000 euros. Next, you would take the 1,788,000 euros and convert them to\npounds at the 1.276 rate, giving you 1,401,254 pounds. Next, you would take\nthe pounds and convert them back to U.S. dollars at the 1.432 rate, giving you\n$2,006,596. Your total risk-free arbitrage profit would be $6,596.\n\nCompare Popular Online Brokers\n\nProvider\n\nName\n\nDescription\n\n×\n\nThe offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which\nInvestopedia receives compensation.\n\n### Related Terms\n\nDividend Arbitrage\n\nDividend arbitrage is an options trading strategy that involves purchasing\nputs and stock before the ex-dividend date and then exercising the put.\n\nmore\n\nTax Arbitrage\n\nTax arbitrage is the practice of profiting from differences that arise from\nthe ways transactions are treated for tax purposes.\n\nmore\n\nConvertible Arbitrage\n\nConvertible arbitrage is a trading strategy that involves taking a long\nposition in a convertible security and a short position in the underlying\ncommon stock.\n\nmore\n\nPositive Carry\n\nPositive carry is a strategy of holding two offsetting positions and profiting\nfrom a price difference.\n\nmore\n\nInternational Depository Receipt (IDR)\n\nAn international depository receipt or IDR is a negotiable certificate that a\nbank issues.\n\nmore\n\nDesk Trader\n\nA desk trader is a financial trader who is restricted to instituting trades\nfor a firm's clients and who is unable to trade with his/her firm's own\naccounts.\n\nmore\n\nPartner Links\n\n### Related Articles\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### How do I use software to make arbitrage trades?\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### How Statistical Arbitrage Can Lead to Big Profits\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### Arbitrage Pricing Theory: It's Not Just Fancy Math\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### What Type of Trader Are You?\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### What Is Spread Betting?\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### The Pros and Cons of a Fully Convertible Rupee\n\n * Terms\n * News\n * Tutorials\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Careers\n\n * #\n * a\n * b\n * c\n * d\n * e\n * f\n * g\n * h\n * i\n * j\n * k\n * l\n * m\n * n\n * o\n * p\n * q\n * r\n * s\n * t\n * u\n * v\n * w\n * x\n * y\n * z\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180106220128/https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp","parsed_text":{"title":"A Primer On The Forex Market","passages":["With the widespread availability of electronic trading networks, trading currencies is now more accessible than ever. The foreign exchange market, or forex, is notoriously the domain of commercial and investment banks, not to mention hedge funds and massive international corporations. At first glance, the presence of such heavyweight entities may appear daunting to the individual investor. But the presence of such powerful groups and such a massive international market can also work to the benefit of the individual trader. The forex market offers trading 24 hours a day, five days a week. It is the largest and most liquid market in the world. According to Bank For International Settlement, trading in foreign exchange markets averaged 5.3 trillion per day in 2013.","Trading Opportunities The sheer number of currencies traded serves to ensure an extreme level of day-to-day volatility. There will always be currencies that are moving rapidly up or down, offering opportunities for profit (and commensurate risk) to astute traders. Yet, like the equity markets, forex offers plenty of instruments to mitigate risk and allows the individual to profit in both rising and falling markets. Forex also allows highly leveraged trading with low margin requirements relative to its equity counterparts.","Many instruments utilized in forex - such as forwards and futures, options, spread betting, contracts for difference (CFD) and the spot market - will appear similar to those used in the equity markets. Since the instruments on the forex market often maintain minimum trade sizes in terms of the base currencies (the spot market, for example, requires a minimum trade size of 100,000 units of the base currency), the use of margin is absolutely essential for the person trading these instruments.","Buying and Selling Currencies Regarding the specifics of buying and selling on forex, it is important to note that currencies are always priced in pairs. All trades result in the simultaneous purchase of one currency and the sale of another. This necessitates a slightly different mode of thinking than the way required by equity markets. While trading on the forex market, you would execute a trade only at a time when you expect the currency you are buying to increase in value relative to the one you are selling.","Base and Counter Currencies and Quotes Currency traders must become familiar also with the way currencies are quoted. The first currency in the pair is considered the base currency; and the second is the counter or quote currency. Most of the time, the U.S. dollar is considered the base currency, and quotes are expressed in units of US$1 per counter currency (for example, USD/JPY or USD/CAD).","Forex quotes always include a bid and an ask price. The bid is the price at which the market maker is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The ask price is the price at which the market maker is willing to sell the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The difference between the bid and the ask prices is referred to as the spread.","The cost of establishing a position is determined by the spread. Most major currency pairs are priced to four decimal places, the final digit of which is referred to as a point or a pip. For example, if USD/JPY was quoted with a bid of 134.3919 and an ask of 134.3923, the four-pip spread is the cost of trading this position. From the very start, therefore, the trader must recover the four-pip cost from his or her profits, necessitating a favorable move in the position simply to break even.","More About Margin Trading in the currency markets also requires a trader to think in a slightly different way about margin. Margin on the forex market is not a down payment on a future purchase of equity but a deposit to the trader's account that will cover against any future currency-trading losses. A typical currency trading system will allow for a very high degree of leverage in its margin requirements, up to 100:1. The system will automatically calculate the funds necessary for current positions and will check for margin availability before executing any trade.","Rollover In the spot forex market, trades must be settled within two business days. For example, if a trader sells a certain number of currency units on Wednesday, he or she must deliver an equivalent number of units on Friday. But currency trading systems may allow for a \"rollover\" with which open positions can be swapped forward to the next settlement date (giving an extension of two additional business days). The interest rate for such a swap is predetermined, and, in fact, these swaps are actually financial instruments that can also be traded on the currency market.","In any spot rollover transaction, the difference between the interest rates of the base and counter currencies is reflected as an overnight loan. If the trader holds a long position in the currency with the higher interest rate, he or she would gain on the spot rollover. The amount of such a gain would fluctuate day-to-day according to the precise interest-rate differential between the base and the counter currency. Such rollover rates are quoted in dollars and are shown in the interest column of the forex trading system. Rollovers, however, will not affect traders who never hold a position overnight since the rollover is exclusively a day-to-day phenomenon.","Conclusion As one can immediately see, trading in forex requires a slightly different way of thinking than the way required by equity markets. Yet, for its extreme liquidity, multitude of opportunities for large profits due to strong trends and high levels of available leverage, the currency market is hard to resist for the advanced trader. With such potential, however, comes significant risk, and traders should quickly establish an intimate familiarity with methods of risk management.","A contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures exchange, to buy or sell a particular commodity ...","The fluctuations in economic activity that an economy experiences over a period of time. A business cycle is basically defined ...","A money manager is a person or financial firm that manages the securities portfolio of an individual or institutional investor.","Working capital is a measure of both a company's efficiency and its short-term financial health. Working capital is calculated ...","A general increase in stock prices during the month of January. This rally is generally attributed to an increase in buying, ..."]},"parsed_md":"A Primer On The Forex Market\n\n * Topics\n\nWhat's New\n\n9 Stocks That Can Outperform As Bull Market Ages: Goldman\n\nNvidia's Stock Faces Its Moment of Truth\n\nTopics\n\n * News\n * Financial Advisors\n * The Tax Center\n * Anxiety Index\n * Investing\n * Managing Wealth\n * ETFs\n * The Trump Economy\n * Retirement\n * Personal Finance\n * Trading\n * How To Maximize Retirement Savings\n * Tech\n * Life Stages\n * Small Business\n * Bitcoin\n\n * Reference\n\nDictionary\n\nTerm Of The Day\n\nFutures Contract\n\nA contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures\nexchange, ...\n\nRead More »\n\nBroker Reviews\n\nFind the best broker for your trading or investing needs\n\nSee Reviews\n\nLatest Videos The 2017 Financial Fitness Tour\n\nGuides\n\n * Stock Basics\n * Economics Basics\n * Options Basics\n\nExam Prep\n\n * Series 7 Exam\n * CFA Level 1\n * Series 65 Exam\n\n * Advisors\n\nAdvisor Insights\n\nOur network of expert financial advisors field questions from our community.\n\nAsk A Question\n\nJoin Advisor Insights\n\nAre you a financial advisor? Showcase your expertise to 20+ million investors.\n\nJoin Now\n\nFinancial Advisors\n\nSophisticated content for financial advisors around investment strategies,\nindustry trends, and advisor education.\n\nThe Investopedia 100\n\nA celebration of the 100 most influential advisors and their contributions to\ncritical conversations on finance.\n\n * Markets\n\nMarkets\n\nThe latest markets news, real time quotes, financials and more.\n\nWatchlist\n\nTrack stocks and ETFs\n\nAdd New Watchlist\n\n * Simulator\n\nStock Simulator\n\nTrade with a starting balance of $100,000 and zero risk!\n\nMy Portfolios\n\nView the performance of your stock and option holdings\n\n * NEW Academy\n\nInvestopedia Academy\n\nLearn from the world's leader in financial education\n\nCheck out all courses\n\nFeatured Courses\n\nBecome a day trader\n\nStart Learning\n\nExcel for Finance\n\nStart Learning\n\nLatest Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Find Great Value Stocks\n * Options for Beginners\n * Financial Modeling\n * All Courses\n\n * Site Log In\n * Advisor Insights Log In\n * Newsletters\n\n# A Primer On The Forex Market\n\nBy Jason Van Bergen\n\nShare\n\nWith the widespread availability of electronic trading networks, trading\ncurrencies is now more accessible than ever. The foreign exchange market, or\nforex, is notoriously the domain of commercial and investment banks, not to\nmention hedge funds and massive international corporations. At first glance,\nthe presence of such heavyweight entities may appear daunting to the\nindividual investor. But the presence of such powerful groups and such a\nmassive international market can also work to the benefit of the individual\ntrader. The forex market offers trading 24 hours a day, five days a week. It\nis the largest and most liquid market in the world. According to Bank For\nInternational Settlement, trading in foreign exchange markets averaged 5.3\ntrillion per day in 2013.\n\nTrading Opportunities The sheer number of currencies traded serves to ensure\nan extreme level of day-to-day volatility. There will always be currencies\nthat are moving rapidly up or down, offering opportunities for profit (and\ncommensurate risk) to astute traders. Yet, like the equity markets, forex\noffers plenty of instruments to mitigate risk and allows the individual to\nprofit in both rising and falling markets. Forex also allows highly leveraged\ntrading with low margin requirements relative to its equity counterparts.\n\nMany instruments utilized in forex - such as forwards and futures, options,\nspread betting, contracts for difference (CFD) and the spot market - will\nappear similar to those used in the equity markets. Since the instruments on\nthe forex market often maintain minimum trade sizes in terms of the base\ncurrencies (the spot market, for example, requires a minimum trade size of\n100,000 units of the base currency), the use of margin is absolutely essential\nfor the person trading these instruments.\n\nBuying and Selling Currencies Regarding the specifics of buying and selling on\nforex, it is important to note that currencies are always priced in pairs. All\ntrades result in the simultaneous purchase of one currency and the sale of\nanother. This necessitates a slightly different mode of thinking than the way\nrequired by equity markets. While trading on the forex market, you would\nexecute a trade only at a time when you expect the currency you are buying to\nincrease in value relative to the one you are selling.\n\nBase and Counter Currencies and Quotes Currency traders must become familiar\nalso with the way currencies are quoted. The first currency in the pair is\nconsidered the base currency; and the second is the counter or quote currency.\nMost of the time, the U.S. dollar is considered the base currency, and quotes\nare expressed in units of US$1 per counter currency (for example, USD/JPY or\nUSD/CAD).\n\nForex quotes always include a bid and an ask price. The bid is the price at\nwhich the market maker is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the\ncounter currency. The ask price is the price at which the market maker is\nwilling to sell the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The\ndifference between the bid and the ask prices is referred to as the spread.\n\nThe cost of establishing a position is determined by the spread. Most major\ncurrency pairs are priced to four decimal places, the final digit of which is\nreferred to as a point or a pip. For example, if USD/JPY was quoted with a bid\nof 134.3919 and an ask of 134.3923, the four-pip spread is the cost of trading\nthis position. From the very start, therefore, the trader must recover the\nfour-pip cost from his or her profits, necessitating a favorable move in the\nposition simply to break even.\n\nMore About Margin Trading in the currency markets also requires a trader to\nthink in a slightly different way about margin. Margin on the forex market is\nnot a down payment on a future purchase of equity but a deposit to the\ntrader's account that will cover against any future currency-trading losses. A\ntypical currency trading system will allow for a very high degree of leverage\nin its margin requirements, up to 100:1. The system will automatically\ncalculate the funds necessary for current positions and will check for margin\navailability before executing any trade.\n\nRollover In the spot forex market, trades must be settled within two business\ndays. For example, if a trader sells a certain number of currency units on\nWednesday, he or she must deliver an equivalent number of units on Friday. But\ncurrency trading systems may allow for a \"rollover\" with which open positions\ncan be swapped forward to the next settlement date (giving an extension of two\nadditional business days). The interest rate for such a swap is predetermined,\nand, in fact, these swaps are actually financial instruments that can also be\ntraded on the currency market.\n\nIn any spot rollover transaction, the difference between the interest rates of\nthe base and counter currencies is reflected as an overnight loan. If the\ntrader holds a long position in the currency with the higher interest rate, he\nor she would gain on the spot rollover. The amount of such a gain would\nfluctuate day-to-day according to the precise interest-rate differential\nbetween the base and the counter currency. Such rollover rates are quoted in\ndollars and are shown in the interest column of the forex trading system.\nRollovers, however, will not affect traders who never hold a position\novernight since the rollover is exclusively a day-to-day phenomenon.\n\nConclusion As one can immediately see, trading in forex requires a slightly\ndifferent way of thinking than the way required by equity markets. Yet, for\nits extreme liquidity, multitude of opportunities for large profits due to\nstrong trends and high levels of available leverage, the currency market is\nhard to resist for the advanced trader. With such potential, however, comes\nsignificant risk, and traders should quickly establish an intimate familiarity\nwith methods of risk management.\n\nTrending\n\n 1. ### How the GOP Tax Bill Affects You\n\n 2. ### This Bitcoin \"Bull Market\" Is Nothing\n\n 3. ### Trump's Tax Reform Plan\n\n 4. ### 5 Dividend Stocks for Bull and Bear Markets\n\n 5. ### Penny Stocks to Watch for December 2017\n\nHot Definitions\n\n 1. ### Futures Contract\n\nA contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures\nexchange, to buy or sell a particular commodity ...\n\n 2. ### Business Cycle\n\nThe fluctuations in economic activity that an economy experiences over a\nperiod of time. A business cycle is basically defined ...\n\n 3. ### Money Manager\n\nA money manager is a person or financial firm that manages the securities\nportfolio of an individual or institutional investor.\n\n 4. ### Market Index\n\nAn aggregate value produced by combining several stocks or other investment\nvehicles together and expressing their total ...\n\n 5. ### Working Capital\n\nWorking capital is a measure of both a company's efficiency and its short-term\nfinancial health. Working capital is calculated ...\n\n 6. ### January Effect\n\nA general increase in stock prices during the month of January. This rally is\ngenerally attributed to an increase in buying, ...\n\nTrading Center\n\nPartner Links\n\nWant to learn how to invest?\n\n### Get a free 10 week email series that will teach you how to start\ninvesting.\n\nDelivered twice a week, straight to your inbox.\n\n * Dictionary:\n * #\n * a\n * b\n * c\n * d\n * e\n * f\n * g\n * h\n * i\n * j\n * k\n * l\n * m\n * n\n * o\n * p\n * q\n * r\n * s\n * t\n * u\n * v\n * w\n * x\n * y\n * z\n\n * Content Library\n * Articles\n * Terms\n * Videos\n * Guides\n * Slideshows\n * FAQs\n * Calculators\n * Chart Advisor\n * Stock Analysis\n * Stock Simulator\n * Exam Prep Quizzer\n * Net Worth Calculator\n\n * Connect With Investopedia\n\n * Work With Investopedia\n * About Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n\n * Get Free Newsletters\n * Newsletters\n\n * Work With Investopedia\n * About Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n\n© 2018, Investopedia, LLC. All Rights Reserved Terms Of Use Privacy Policy\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190729143559/https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Forex arbitrage is a risk-free trading strategy that allows retail forex traders to make a profit with no open currency exposure. The strategy involves acting on opportunities presented by pricing inefficiencies in the short window they exist. This type of arbitrage trading involves the buying and selling of different currency pairs to exploit any pricing inefficiencies. We can better understand how this strategy works through the following example.\",\n \"The current exchange rates of the EUR/USD, EUR/GBP, GBP/USD pairs are 1.1837, 0.7231, and 1.6388, respectively. In this case, a forex trader could buy one mini-lot of EUR for USD 11,837. The trader could then sell the 10,000 Euros for 7,231 British pounds. The 7,231 GBP could then be sold for USD 11,850 for a profit of $13 per trade, with no open exposure as long positions cancel short positions in each currency. The same trade using normal lots (rather than mini-lots) of 100,000 would yield a profit of $130.\",\n \"The act of exploiting the pricing inefficiencies will correct the problem so traders must be ready to act quickly is the case with arbitrage strategies. For this reason, these opportunities are often around for a very short time. Arbitrage currency trading requires the availability of real-time pricing quotes and the ability to act fast on opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are available to aid in this process of finding opportunities in a short window of time.\",\n \"There are many tools available that can help find pricing inefficiencies, which otherwise can be time-consuming. One of these tools is the forex arbitrage calculator, which provides retail forex traders with real-time forex arbitrage opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are sold through third parties and forex brokers. It is essential to try out a demo account first, as all software programs and platforms used in retail forex trading are not one in the same. It is also worth sampling multiple products before deciding on one to determine the best calculator for your trading strategy.\",\n \"A cross-currency transaction is one which involves the simultaneous buying and selling of two or more currencies to exploit currency divergences.\",\n \"Triangular arbitrage involves the exchange of a currency for a second, then a third and then back to the original currency in a short amount of time.\",\n \"Forex (FX) is the market where currencies are traded and the term is the shortened form of foreign exchange. Forex is the largest financial marketplace in the world. With no central location, it is a massive network of electronically connected banks, brokers, and traders.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?\\n\\n * Education\\n\\n * General\\n\\n * Dictionary\\n * Economics\\n * Corporate Finance\\n * Stocks\\n * Mutual Funds\\n * ETFs\\n * Investing/Trading\\n\\n * Investing Essentials\\n * Fundamental Analysis\\n * Portfolio Management\\n * Trading Essentials\\n * Technical Analysis\\n * Risk Management\\n\\n * Markets\\n\\n * News\\n\\n * Company News\\n * Markets News\\n * Trading News\\n * Political News\\n * Trends\\n * Popular Stocks\\n\\n * Apple (AAPL)\\n * Tesla (TSLA)\\n * Amazon (AMZN)\\n * AMD (AMD)\\n * Facebook (FB)\\n * Netflix (NFLX)\\n\\n * Simulator\\n\\n * Simulator\\n\\n * Create an Account\\n * Join a Game\\n * My Simulator\\n\\n * My Game\\n * Create a Game\\n\\n * Your Money\\n\\n * Personal Finance\\n\\n * Wealth Management\\n * Budgeting/Saving\\n * Banking\\n * Credit Cards\\n * Home Ownership\\n * Retirement Planning\\n * Taxes\\n * Insurance\\n * Reviews & Ratings\\n\\n * 2019 Broker Awards\\n * Fidelity Review\\n * Interactive Brokers Review\\n * Charles Schwab Review\\n * TradeStation Review\\n * TD Ameritrade Review\\n\\n * Advisors\\n\\n * Your Practice\\n\\n * Practice Management\\n * Continuing Education\\n * Financial Advisor Careers\\n * Investopedia 100\\n * Wealth Management\\n\\n * Portfolio Construction\\n * Financial Planning\\n\\n * Academy\\n\\n * Popular Courses\\n\\n * Investing for Beginners\\n * Become a Day Trader\\n * Trading for Beginners\\n * Technical Analysis\\n * Courses by Topic\\n\\n * All Courses\\n * Trading Courses\\n * Investing Courses\\n * Financial Professional Courses\\n\\n * Login\\n * Newsletters\\n\\nForex & Currencies Trading\\n\\n * Forex Trading Strategy & Education\\n * Advanced Forex Trading Concepts\\n\\nForex & Currencies Trading Advanced Forex Trading Concepts\\n\\n# How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?\\n\\n * FACEBOOK\\n * TWITTER\\n * LINKEDIN\\n\\nBy Nick K. Lioudis\\n\\nUpdated Jun 25, 2019\\n\\nForex arbitrage is a risk-free trading strategy that allows retail forex\\ntraders to make a profit with no open currency exposure. The strategy involves\\nacting on opportunities presented by pricing inefficiencies in the short\\nwindow they exist. This type of arbitrage trading involves the buying and\\nselling of different currency pairs to exploit any pricing inefficiencies. We\\ncan better understand how this strategy works through the following example.\\n\\n### Example: Arbitrage Currency Trading\\n\\nThe current exchange rates of the EUR/USD, EUR/GBP, GBP/USD pairs are 1.1837,\\n0.7231, and 1.6388, respectively. In this case, a forex trader could buy one\\nmini-lot of EUR for USD 11,837. The trader could then sell the 10,000 Euros\\nfor 7,231 British pounds. The 7,231 GBP could then be sold for USD 11,850 for\\na profit of $13 per trade, with no open exposure as long positions cancel\\nshort positions in each currency. The same trade using normal lots (rather\\nthan mini-lots) of 100,000 would yield a profit of $130.\\n\\nThe act of exploiting the pricing inefficiencies will correct the problem so\\ntraders must be ready to act quickly is the case with arbitrage strategies.\\nFor this reason, these opportunities are often around for a very short time.\\nArbitrage currency trading requires the availability of real-time pricing\\nquotes and the ability to act fast on opportunities. Forex arbitrage\\ncalculators are available to aid in this process of finding opportunities in a\\nshort window of time.\\n\\n### Forex Arbitrage Calculator\\n\\nThere are many tools available that can help find pricing inefficiencies,\\nwhich otherwise can be time-consuming. One of these tools is the forex\\narbitrage calculator, which provides retail forex traders with real-time forex\\narbitrage opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are sold through third\\nparties and forex brokers. It is essential to try out a demo account first, as\\nall software programs and platforms used in retail forex trading are not one\\nin the same. It is also worth sampling multiple products before deciding on\\none to determine the best calculator for your trading strategy.\\n\\nFor further reading on the fundamentals of forex trading, see \\\"Getting Started\\nin Forex.\\\"\\n\\nCompare Investment Accounts\\n\\nProvider\\n\\nName\\n\\nDescription\\n\\n×\\n\\nThe offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which\\nInvestopedia receives compensation.\\n\\n### Related Articles\\n\\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\\n\\n### How to Choose a Forex Broker: Everything You Need to Know\\n\\nAdvanced Forex Trading Concepts\\n\\n### A Primer On Cross Currency Triangulation\\n\\nFinancial Technology & Automated Investing\\n\\n### How do I use software to make arbitrage trades?\\n\\nAdvanced Forex Trading Concepts\\n\\n### Using Currency Correlations To Your Advantage\\n\\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\\n\\n### Learn About Trading FX with This Beginner's Guide to Forex Trading\\n\\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\\n\\n### 6 Questions About Currency Trading\\n\\nPartner Links\\n\\n### Related Terms\\n\\nForex Arbitrage Definition\\n\\nForex arbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of currency in two\\ndifferent markets to exploit short-term pricing inefficiency.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nCross-Currency Transaction Definition\\n\\nA cross-currency transaction is one which involves the simultaneous buying and\\nselling of two or more currencies to exploit currency divergences.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nTriangular Arbitrage Definition\\n\\nTriangular arbitrage involves the exchange of a currency for a second, then a\\nthird and then back to the original currency in a short amount of time.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nForex (FX) Definition and Uses\\n\\nForex (FX) is the market where currencies are traded and the term is the\\nshortened form of foreign exchange. Forex is the largest financial marketplace\\nin the world. With no central location, it is a massive network of\\nelectronically connected banks, brokers, and traders.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nCurrency Arbitrage Definition\\n\\nCurrency arbitrage is the act of buying and selling currencies instantaneously\\nfor a riskless profit.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nDual Currency Service\\n\\nA dual currency service allows investors to speculate on exchange rate\\nmovement between two currencies.\\n\\nmore\\n\\n * Terms\\n * News\\n * Tutorials\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise\\n * Contact\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Careers\\n\\n * #\\n * a\\n * b\\n * c\\n * d\\n * e\\n * f\\n * g\\n * h\\n * i\\n * j\\n * k\\n * l\\n * m\\n * n\\n * o\\n * p\\n * q\\n * r\\n * s\\n * t\\n * u\\n * v\\n * w\\n * x\\n * y\\n * z\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201028201803/https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Arbitrage trading is a risk free way of making money by tapping into gaps that may occur. Theoretically, arbitrage trading can be done in forex by enjoying the fractions of pips that are missed in crosses. Here’s how it works – in theory. In practice, remember that forex trading isn’t easy money.\",\n \"Did you ever try to calculate the price of a cross pair by yourself? Crosses such as GBP/AUD or NZD/CAD don’t necessarily appear by default on your site’s quote list. But even for popular pairs, did you see the full triangular connection? Sometimes a pip or more are missing:\",\n \"At the time of writing, EUR/USD is priced at 1.3339, GBP/USD at 1.5343 and EUR/GBP at 0.8688. Buying a standard lot of 100,000 pounds would cost 153,430 dollars, according to GBP/USD. These 100,000 pounds could be sold for euros, according to EUR/GBP and get the trader 115,101. Now these euros could buy back 153,533 US dollars.\",\n \"So, all in all we paid 153,430 and got 153,533 back – a profit of 103 dollars. If this kind of trading is risk free, why settle for one standard lot -why not 10 or 100?\",\n \"One of the reasons for these gaps is that the representation for the crosses isn’t complete – if you make the calculation by yourself, you’ll see many more digits – these fractions of pips make the arbitrage gap. Some brokers take this into consideration and show more digits, narrowing down the gap.\",\n \"And when the gap is narrow, the broker’s revenue kicks in. This gap may be filled by the spreads – try calculating the cross by using the correct bid or ask values, and you might find that there’s no arbitrage – such a deal will always lose.\",\n \"The same applies for brokers that charge a commission for every deal – the commission may erase your theoretical profit.\",\n \"Even if you’ve identified a genuine gap, are you quick enough to act? Probably not. Even if you use some kind of signal service to give you an alert ons such an arbitrage opportunity, you might blink and miss your chance. There are many forex arbitrage calculators out there – you be careful with them.\",\n \"Another option is that you might be lucky and the price moves with you – making you a bigger profit than expected. But it might go the other way and cause you loss in this “risk free” method.\",\n \"Another note: trying out this method on a forex demo account might be interesting, but can’t be trusted – the quotes in demo accounts sometimes lag – the gaps could be the result of this issue. You can see this work many times in demo account, but fail in a real account. I highly recommend a demo account for many purposes, but in case of this forex arbitrage, it just won’t work.\",\n \"Yohay Elam – Founder, Writer and Editor I have been into forex trading for over 5 years, and I share the experience that I have and the knowledge that I’ve accumulated. After taking a short course about forex. Like many forex traders, I’ve earned a significant share of my knowledge the hard way. Macroeconomics, the impact of news on the ever-moving currency markets and trading psychology have always fascinated me. Before founding Forex Crunch, I’ve worked as a programmer in various hi-tech companies. I have a B. Sc. in Computer Science from Ben Gurion University. Given this background, forex software has a relatively bigger share in the posts. Yohay's Google Profile\",\n \"Forex Crunch is a site all about the foreign exchange market, which consists of news, opinions, daily and weekly forex analysis, technical analysis, tutorials, basics of the forex market, forex software posts, insights about the forex industry and whatever is related to Forex.\",\n \"Foreign exchange (Forex) trading carries a high level of risk and may not be suitable for all investors. The risk grows as the leverage is higher. Investment objectives, risk appetite and the trader's level of experience should be carefully weighed before entering the Forex market. There is always a possibility of losing some or all of your initial investment / deposit, so you should not invest money which you cannot afford to lose. The high risk that is involved with currency trading must be known to you. Please ask for advice from an independent financial advisor before entering this market. Any comments made on Forex Crunch or on other sites that have received permission to republish the content originating on Forex Crunch reflect the opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of any of Forex Crunch's authorized authors. Forex Crunch has not verified the accuracy or basis-in-fact of any claim or statement made by any independent author: Omissions and errors may occur. Any news, analysis, opinion, price quote or any other information contained on Forex Crunch and permitted re-published content should be taken as general market commentary. This is by no means investment advice. Forex Crunch will not accept liability for any damage, loss, including without limitation to, any profit or loss, which may either arise directly or indirectly from use of such information.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Forex Arbitrage - Theory and Reality | Forex Crunch\\n\\nLatest\\n\\n * Canada: BoC makes a needed QE recalibration NFB\\n * How three US election outcomes (and a contested result) could rock the dollar\\n * Germany’s Merkel: We call on citizens to call off all non-essential travel\\n * Gold Price Analysis: XAU/USD hits fresh monthly lows near $1,870 and remains vulnerable\\n * Yearn Finance developer Andre Cronje launches new KP3R token, skyrockets 2,000% within hours\\n * German government, states agree on coronavirus aid package worth up to €10 billion – Reuters\\n * Coronavirus update UK: 24,701 new cases confirmed on Wednesday, 310 fatalities\\n * USD/CAD: Messy US election to inspire a push towards 1.35 – TDS\\n\\nYou are at:Home»Basics & Industry»Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality\\n\\n# Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality\\n\\n0\\n\\nBy Yohay Elam Published: May 14, 2010 20:00 GMT | Last Modified: Jan 2, 2011\\n01:58 GMT Basics & Industry, Forex Basics\\n\\nArbitrage trading is a risk free way of making money by tapping into gaps that\\nmay occur. Theoretically, arbitrage trading can be done in forex by enjoying\\nthe fractions of pips that are missed in crosses. Here’s how it works – in\\ntheory. In practice, remember that forex trading isn’t easy money.\\n\\nDid you ever try to calculate the price of a cross pair by yourself? Crosses\\nsuch as GBP/AUD or NZD/CAD don’t necessarily appear by default on your site’s\\nquote list. But even for popular pairs, did you see the full triangular\\nconnection? Sometimes a pip or more are missing:\\n\\nThe theory\\n\\nAt the time of writing, EUR/USD is priced at 1.3339, GBP/USD at 1.5343 and\\nEUR/GBP at 0.8688. Buying a standard lot of 100,000 pounds would cost 153,430\\ndollars, according to GBP/USD. These 100,000 pounds could be sold for euros,\\naccording to EUR/GBP and get the trader 115,101. Now these euros could buy\\nback 153,533 US dollars.\\n\\nSo, all in all we paid 153,430 and got 153,533 back – a profit of 103 dollars.\\nIf this kind of trading is risk free, why settle for one standard lot -why not\\n10 or 100?\\n\\nThe reality\\n\\nOne of the reasons for these gaps is that the representation for the crosses\\nisn’t complete – if you make the calculation by yourself, you’ll see many more\\ndigits – these fractions of pips make the arbitrage gap. Some brokers take\\nthis into consideration and show more digits, narrowing down the gap.\\n\\nAnd when the gap is narrow, the broker’s revenue kicks in. This gap may be\\nfilled by the spreads – try calculating the cross by using the correct bid or\\nask values, and you might find that there’s no arbitrage – such a deal will\\nalways lose.\\n\\nThe same applies for brokers that charge a commission for every deal – the\\ncommission may erase your theoretical profit.\\n\\nEven if you’ve identified a genuine gap, are you quick enough to act? Probably\\nnot. Even if you use some kind of signal service to give you an alert ons such\\nan arbitrage opportunity, you might blink and miss your chance. There are many\\nforex arbitrage calculators out there – you be careful with them.\\n\\nAnother option is that you might be lucky and the price moves with you –\\nmaking you a bigger profit than expected. But it might go the other way and\\ncause you loss in this “risk free” method.\\n\\nAnother note: trying out this method on a forex demo account might be\\ninteresting, but can’t be trusted – the quotes in demo accounts sometimes lag\\n– the gaps could be the result of this issue. You can see this work many times\\nin demo account, but fail in a real account. I highly recommend a demo account\\nfor many purposes, but in case of this forex arbitrage, it just won’t work.\\n\\nWant to see what other traders are doing in real accounts? Check out\\nCurrensee. It’s free.\\n\\nGet the 5 most predictable currency pairs\\n\\nPrevious ArticleEUR/USD Candle Breakout Update\\n\\nNext Article One Million Trades on Currensee\\n\\n### About Author\\n\\nYohay Elam\\n\\n * Website\\n\\nYohay Elam – Founder, Writer and Editor I have been into forex trading for\\nover 5 years, and I share the experience that I have and the knowledge that\\nI’ve accumulated. After taking a short course about forex. Like many forex\\ntraders, I’ve earned a significant share of my knowledge the hard way.\\nMacroeconomics, the impact of news on the ever-moving currency markets and\\ntrading psychology have always fascinated me. Before founding Forex Crunch,\\nI’ve worked as a programmer in various hi-tech companies. I have a B. Sc. in\\nComputer Science from Ben Gurion University. Given this background, forex\\nsoftware has a relatively bigger share in the posts. Yohay's Google Profile\\n\\nComments are closed.\\n\\n * ### Top Brokers\\n\\n * ### About ForexCrunch\\n\\nForex Crunch is a site all about the foreign exchange market, which consists\\nof news, opinions, daily and weekly forex analysis, technical analysis,\\ntutorials, basics of the forex market, forex software posts, insights about\\nthe forex industry and whatever is related to Forex.\\n\\nRead More\\n\\n * ### Follow us\\n\\n * ### Useful Links\\n\\n * About\\n * The Forex Crunch Team\\n * Contact Us\\n * Advertising\\n * Forex Tools\\n\\n * ### Recent Updates\\n\\n * Canada: BoC makes a needed QE recalibration NFB\\n * How three US election outcomes (and a contested result) could rock the dollar\\n * Germany’s Merkel: We call on citizens to call off all non-essential travel\\n * Gold Price Analysis: XAU/USD hits fresh monthly lows near $1,870 and remains vulnerable\\n * Yearn Finance developer Andre Cronje launches new KP3R token, skyrockets 2,000% within hours\\n * ### Disclaimer\\n\\nForeign exchange (Forex) trading carries a high level of risk and may not be\\nsuitable for all investors. The risk grows as the leverage is higher.\\nInvestment objectives, risk appetite and the trader's level of experience\\nshould be carefully weighed before entering the Forex market. There is always\\na possibility of losing some or all of your initial investment / deposit, so\\nyou should not invest money which you cannot afford to lose. The high risk\\nthat is involved with currency trading must be known to you. Please ask for\\nadvice from an independent financial advisor before entering this market. Any\\ncomments made on Forex Crunch or on other sites that have received permission\\nto republish the content originating on Forex Crunch reflect the opinions of\\nthe individual authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of any of\\nForex Crunch's authorized authors. Forex Crunch has not verified the accuracy\\nor basis-in-fact of any claim or statement made by any independent author:\\nOmissions and errors may occur. Any news, analysis, opinion, price quote or\\nany other information contained on Forex Crunch and permitted re-published\\ncontent should be taken as general market commentary. This is by no means\\ninvestment advice. Forex Crunch will not accept liability for any damage,\\nloss, including without limitation to, any profit or loss, which may either\\narise directly or indirectly from use of such information.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190331195934/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Arbitrage\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Arbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset to profit from an imbalance in the price. It is a trade that profits by exploiting the price differences of identical or similar financial instruments on different markets or in different forms. Arbitrage exists as a result of market inefficiencies and would therefore not exist if all markets were perfectly efficient.\",\n \"Arbitrage occurs when a security is purchased in one market and simultaneously sold in another market at a higher price, thus considered to be risk-free profit for the trader. Arbitrage provides a mechanism to ensure prices do not deviate substantially from fair value for long periods of time. With advancements in technology, it has become extremely difficult to profit from pricing errors in the market. Many traders have computerized trading systems set to monitor fluctuations in similar financial instruments. Any inefficient pricing setups are usually acted upon quickly, and the opportunity is often eliminated in a matter of seconds. Arbitrage is a necessary force in the financial marketplace.\",\n \"As a simple example of arbitrage, consider the following. The stock of Company X is trading at $20 on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) while, at the same moment, it is trading for $20.05 on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). A trader can buy the stock on the NYSE and immediately sell the same shares on the LSE, earning a profit of 5 cents per share. The trader could continue to exploit this arbitrage until the specialists on the NYSE run out of inventory of Company X's stock, or until the specialists on the NYSE or LSE adjust their prices to wipe out the opportunity.\",\n \"Though this is not the most complicated arbitrage strategy in use, this example of triangular arbitrage is more complex than the above example. In triangular arbitrage, a trader converts one currency to another at one bank, converts that second currency to another at a second bank, and finally converts the third currency back to the original at a third bank. The same bank would have the information efficiency to ensure all of its currency rates were aligned, requiring the use of different financial institutions for this strategy.\",\n \"For example, assume you begin with $2 million. You see that at three different institutions the following currency exchange rates are immediately available:\",\n \"First, you would convert the $2 million to euros at the 0.894 rate, giving you 1,788,000 euros. Next, you would take the 1,788,000 euros and convert them to pounds at the 1.276 rate, giving you 1,401,254 pounds. Next, you would take the pounds and convert them back to U.S. dollars at the 1.432 rate, giving you $2,006,596. Your total risk-free arbitrage profit would be $6,596.\",\n \"Dividend arbitrage is an options trading strategy that involves purchasing puts and stock before the ex-dividend date and then exercising the put.\",\n \"Tax arbitrage is the practice of profiting from differences that arise from the ways transactions are treated for tax purposes.\",\n \"Convertible arbitrage is a trading strategy that involves taking a long position in a convertible security and a short position in the underlying common stock.\",\n \"A desk trader is a financial trader who is restricted to instituting trades for a firm's clients and who is unable to trade with his/her firm's own accounts.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Arbitrage\\n\\n * Education\\n\\n * Reference\\n\\n * Dictionary\\n * Investing 101\\n * The 4 Best S&P; 500 Index Funds\\n * World's Top 20 Economies\\n * Stock Basics Tutorial\\n * Options Basics Tutorial\\n * Economics Basics\\n * Topics\\n\\n * Stocks\\n * Mutual Funds\\n * Options\\n * Tech\\n * ETFs\\n * Bonds/Fixed Income\\n * Commodities\\n\\n * Markets\\n\\n * News\\n\\n * Watchlist\\n * Company News\\n * Market/Economy News\\n * Popular Stocks\\n\\n * Apple (AAPL)\\n * Tesla (TSLA)\\n * Amazon (AMZN)\\n * AMD (AMD)\\n * Facebook (FB)\\n * Netflix (NFLX)\\n\\n * Simulator\\n\\n * Simulator\\n\\n * Create an Account\\n * Join a Game\\n * My Simulator\\n\\n * My Game\\n * Create a Game\\n\\n * Your Money\\n\\n * Personal Finance\\n\\n * Credit\\n * Budgeting/Saving\\n * Taxes\\n * Retirement\\n * Mortgage\\n * Insurance\\n * Small Business\\n * Wealth Management\\n * Reviews & Ratings\\n\\n * Broker Reviews\\n * Charles Schwab Review\\n * E*TRADE Review\\n * Robinhood Review\\n\\n * Advisors\\n\\n * Financial Advice\\n\\n * Advisor Insights\\n * Investopedia 100\\n * For Financial Advisors\\n\\n * Join Advisor Insights\\n * Your Practice\\n\\n * Academy\\n\\n * Popular Courses\\n\\n * Investing for Beginners\\n * Become a Day Trader\\n * Trading for Beginners\\n * Technical Analysis\\n * Courses by Topic\\n\\n * All Courses\\n * Trading Courses\\n * Investing Courses\\n * Financial Professional Courses\\n\\n * Login\\n * Advisor Login\\n * Newsletters\\n\\nInvesting\\n\\n * Financial Analysis\\n * Investing Strategy\\n * Bonds / Fixed Income\\n * Mutual Funds\\n * Stocks\\n * ETFs\\n * Real Estate\\n * International / Global\\n * Alternative Investments\\n * Commodities\\n * Asset Allocation\\n * Annuities\\n * Brokerages\\n * Options\\n * Futures\\n * Sustainable Investing\\n\\nInvesting Investing Strategy\\n\\n# Arbitrage\\n\\nReviewed by James Chen\\n\\nUpdated Oct 22, 2018\\n\\n### What is Arbitrage\\n\\nArbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset to profit from an\\nimbalance in the price. It is a trade that profits by exploiting the price\\ndifferences of identical or similar financial instruments on different markets\\nor in different forms. Arbitrage exists as a result of market inefficiencies\\nand would therefore not exist if all markets were perfectly efficient.\\n\\n### BREAKING DOWN Arbitrage\\n\\nArbitrage occurs when a security is purchased in one market and simultaneously\\nsold in another market at a higher price, thus considered to be risk-free\\nprofit for the trader. Arbitrage provides a mechanism to ensure prices do not\\ndeviate substantially from fair value for long periods of time. With\\nadvancements in technology, it has become extremely difficult to profit from\\npricing errors in the market. Many traders have computerized trading systems\\nset to monitor fluctuations in similar financial instruments. Any inefficient\\npricing setups are usually acted upon quickly, and the opportunity is often\\neliminated in a matter of seconds. Arbitrage is a necessary force in the\\nfinancial marketplace.\\n\\nTo understand more about this concept and different types of arbitrage, read\\nTrading the Odds With Arbitrage.\\n\\n### A Simple Arbitrage Example\\n\\nAs a simple example of arbitrage, consider the following. The stock of Company\\nX is trading at $20 on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) while, at the same\\nmoment, it is trading for $20.05 on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). A trader\\ncan buy the stock on the NYSE and immediately sell the same shares on the LSE,\\nearning a profit of 5 cents per share. The trader could continue to exploit\\nthis arbitrage until the specialists on the NYSE run out of inventory of\\nCompany X's stock, or until the specialists on the NYSE or LSE adjust their\\nprices to wipe out the opportunity.\\n\\n### A Complicated Arbitrage Example\\n\\nThough this is not the most complicated arbitrage strategy in use, this\\nexample of triangular arbitrage is more complex than the above example. In\\ntriangular arbitrage, a trader converts one currency to another at one bank,\\nconverts that second currency to another at a second bank, and finally\\nconverts the third currency back to the original at a third bank. The same\\nbank would have the information efficiency to ensure all of its currency rates\\nwere aligned, requiring the use of different financial institutions for this\\nstrategy.\\n\\nFor example, assume you begin with $2 million. You see that at three different\\ninstitutions the following currency exchange rates are immediately available:\\n\\n * Institution 1: Euros/USD = 0.894\\n * Institution 2: Euros/British pound = 1.276\\n * Institution 3: USD/British pound = 1.432\\n\\nFirst, you would convert the $2 million to euros at the 0.894 rate, giving you\\n1,788,000 euros. Next, you would take the 1,788,000 euros and convert them to\\npounds at the 1.276 rate, giving you 1,401,254 pounds. Next, you would take\\nthe pounds and convert them back to U.S. dollars at the 1.432 rate, giving you\\n$2,006,596. Your total risk-free arbitrage profit would be $6,596.\\n\\nCompare Popular Online Brokers\\n\\nProvider\\n\\nName\\n\\nDescription\\n\\n×\\n\\nThe offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which\\nInvestopedia receives compensation.\\n\\n### Related Terms\\n\\nDividend Arbitrage\\n\\nDividend arbitrage is an options trading strategy that involves purchasing\\nputs and stock before the ex-dividend date and then exercising the put.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nTax Arbitrage\\n\\nTax arbitrage is the practice of profiting from differences that arise from\\nthe ways transactions are treated for tax purposes.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nConvertible Arbitrage\\n\\nConvertible arbitrage is a trading strategy that involves taking a long\\nposition in a convertible security and a short position in the underlying\\ncommon stock.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nPositive Carry\\n\\nPositive carry is a strategy of holding two offsetting positions and profiting\\nfrom a price difference.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nInternational Depository Receipt (IDR)\\n\\nAn international depository receipt or IDR is a negotiable certificate that a\\nbank issues.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nDesk Trader\\n\\nA desk trader is a financial trader who is restricted to instituting trades\\nfor a firm's clients and who is unable to trade with his/her firm's own\\naccounts.\\n\\nmore\\n\\nPartner Links\\n\\n### Related Articles\\n\\nInvesting Strategy\\n\\n### How do I use software to make arbitrage trades?\\n\\nInvesting Strategy\\n\\n### How Statistical Arbitrage Can Lead to Big Profits\\n\\nInvesting Strategy\\n\\n### Arbitrage Pricing Theory: It's Not Just Fancy Math\\n\\nInvesting Strategy\\n\\n### What Type of Trader Are You?\\n\\nInvesting Strategy\\n\\n### What Is Spread Betting?\\n\\nInvesting Strategy\\n\\n### The Pros and Cons of a Fully Convertible Rupee\\n\\n * Terms\\n * News\\n * Tutorials\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise\\n * Contact\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Careers\\n\\n * #\\n * a\\n * b\\n * c\\n * d\\n * e\\n * f\\n * g\\n * h\\n * i\\n * j\\n * k\\n * l\\n * m\\n * n\\n * o\\n * p\\n * q\\n * r\\n * s\\n * t\\n * u\\n * v\\n * w\\n * x\\n * y\\n * z\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180106220128/https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"A Primer On The Forex Market\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"With the widespread availability of electronic trading networks, trading currencies is now more accessible than ever. The foreign exchange market, or forex, is notoriously the domain of commercial and investment banks, not to mention hedge funds and massive international corporations. At first glance, the presence of such heavyweight entities may appear daunting to the individual investor. But the presence of such powerful groups and such a massive international market can also work to the benefit of the individual trader. The forex market offers trading 24 hours a day, five days a week. It is the largest and most liquid market in the world. According to Bank For International Settlement, trading in foreign exchange markets averaged 5.3 trillion per day in 2013.\",\n \"Trading Opportunities The sheer number of currencies traded serves to ensure an extreme level of day-to-day volatility. There will always be currencies that are moving rapidly up or down, offering opportunities for profit (and commensurate risk) to astute traders. Yet, like the equity markets, forex offers plenty of instruments to mitigate risk and allows the individual to profit in both rising and falling markets. Forex also allows highly leveraged trading with low margin requirements relative to its equity counterparts.\",\n \"Many instruments utilized in forex - such as forwards and futures, options, spread betting, contracts for difference (CFD) and the spot market - will appear similar to those used in the equity markets. Since the instruments on the forex market often maintain minimum trade sizes in terms of the base currencies (the spot market, for example, requires a minimum trade size of 100,000 units of the base currency), the use of margin is absolutely essential for the person trading these instruments.\",\n \"Buying and Selling Currencies Regarding the specifics of buying and selling on forex, it is important to note that currencies are always priced in pairs. All trades result in the simultaneous purchase of one currency and the sale of another. This necessitates a slightly different mode of thinking than the way required by equity markets. While trading on the forex market, you would execute a trade only at a time when you expect the currency you are buying to increase in value relative to the one you are selling.\",\n \"Base and Counter Currencies and Quotes Currency traders must become familiar also with the way currencies are quoted. The first currency in the pair is considered the base currency; and the second is the counter or quote currency. Most of the time, the U.S. dollar is considered the base currency, and quotes are expressed in units of US$1 per counter currency (for example, USD/JPY or USD/CAD).\",\n \"Forex quotes always include a bid and an ask price. The bid is the price at which the market maker is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The ask price is the price at which the market maker is willing to sell the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The difference between the bid and the ask prices is referred to as the spread.\",\n \"The cost of establishing a position is determined by the spread. Most major currency pairs are priced to four decimal places, the final digit of which is referred to as a point or a pip. For example, if USD/JPY was quoted with a bid of 134.3919 and an ask of 134.3923, the four-pip spread is the cost of trading this position. From the very start, therefore, the trader must recover the four-pip cost from his or her profits, necessitating a favorable move in the position simply to break even.\",\n \"More About Margin Trading in the currency markets also requires a trader to think in a slightly different way about margin. Margin on the forex market is not a down payment on a future purchase of equity but a deposit to the trader's account that will cover against any future currency-trading losses. A typical currency trading system will allow for a very high degree of leverage in its margin requirements, up to 100:1. The system will automatically calculate the funds necessary for current positions and will check for margin availability before executing any trade.\",\n \"Rollover In the spot forex market, trades must be settled within two business days. For example, if a trader sells a certain number of currency units on Wednesday, he or she must deliver an equivalent number of units on Friday. But currency trading systems may allow for a \\\"rollover\\\" with which open positions can be swapped forward to the next settlement date (giving an extension of two additional business days). The interest rate for such a swap is predetermined, and, in fact, these swaps are actually financial instruments that can also be traded on the currency market.\",\n \"In any spot rollover transaction, the difference between the interest rates of the base and counter currencies is reflected as an overnight loan. If the trader holds a long position in the currency with the higher interest rate, he or she would gain on the spot rollover. The amount of such a gain would fluctuate day-to-day according to the precise interest-rate differential between the base and the counter currency. Such rollover rates are quoted in dollars and are shown in the interest column of the forex trading system. Rollovers, however, will not affect traders who never hold a position overnight since the rollover is exclusively a day-to-day phenomenon.\",\n \"Conclusion As one can immediately see, trading in forex requires a slightly different way of thinking than the way required by equity markets. Yet, for its extreme liquidity, multitude of opportunities for large profits due to strong trends and high levels of available leverage, the currency market is hard to resist for the advanced trader. With such potential, however, comes significant risk, and traders should quickly establish an intimate familiarity with methods of risk management.\",\n \"A contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures exchange, to buy or sell a particular commodity ...\",\n \"The fluctuations in economic activity that an economy experiences over a period of time. A business cycle is basically defined ...\",\n \"A money manager is a person or financial firm that manages the securities portfolio of an individual or institutional investor.\",\n \"Working capital is a measure of both a company's efficiency and its short-term financial health. Working capital is calculated ...\",\n \"A general increase in stock prices during the month of January. This rally is generally attributed to an increase in buying, ...\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"A Primer On The Forex Market\\n\\n * Topics\\n\\nWhat's New\\n\\n9 Stocks That Can Outperform As Bull Market Ages: Goldman\\n\\nNvidia's Stock Faces Its Moment of Truth\\n\\nTopics\\n\\n * News\\n * Financial Advisors\\n * The Tax Center\\n * Anxiety Index\\n * Investing\\n * Managing Wealth\\n * ETFs\\n * The Trump Economy\\n * Retirement\\n * Personal Finance\\n * Trading\\n * How To Maximize Retirement Savings\\n * Tech\\n * Life Stages\\n * Small Business\\n * Bitcoin\\n\\n * Reference\\n\\nDictionary\\n\\nTerm Of The Day\\n\\nFutures Contract\\n\\nA contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures\\nexchange, ...\\n\\nRead More »\\n\\nBroker Reviews\\n\\nFind the best broker for your trading or investing needs\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\nLatest Videos The 2017 Financial Fitness Tour\\n\\nGuides\\n\\n * Stock Basics\\n * Economics Basics\\n * Options Basics\\n\\nExam Prep\\n\\n * Series 7 Exam\\n * CFA Level 1\\n * Series 65 Exam\\n\\n * Advisors\\n\\nAdvisor Insights\\n\\nOur network of expert financial advisors field questions from our community.\\n\\nAsk A Question\\n\\nJoin Advisor Insights\\n\\nAre you a financial advisor? Showcase your expertise to 20+ million investors.\\n\\nJoin Now\\n\\nFinancial Advisors\\n\\nSophisticated content for financial advisors around investment strategies,\\nindustry trends, and advisor education.\\n\\nThe Investopedia 100\\n\\nA celebration of the 100 most influential advisors and their contributions to\\ncritical conversations on finance.\\n\\n * Markets\\n\\nMarkets\\n\\nThe latest markets news, real time quotes, financials and more.\\n\\nWatchlist\\n\\nTrack stocks and ETFs\\n\\nAdd New Watchlist\\n\\n * Simulator\\n\\nStock Simulator\\n\\nTrade with a starting balance of $100,000 and zero risk!\\n\\nMy Portfolios\\n\\nView the performance of your stock and option holdings\\n\\n * NEW Academy\\n\\nInvestopedia Academy\\n\\nLearn from the world's leader in financial education\\n\\nCheck out all courses\\n\\nFeatured Courses\\n\\nBecome a day trader\\n\\nStart Learning\\n\\nExcel for Finance\\n\\nStart Learning\\n\\nLatest Courses\\n\\n * Investing for Beginners\\n * Find Great Value Stocks\\n * Options for Beginners\\n * Financial Modeling\\n * All Courses\\n\\n * Site Log In\\n * Advisor Insights Log In\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n# A Primer On The Forex Market\\n\\nBy Jason Van Bergen\\n\\nShare\\n\\nWith the widespread availability of electronic trading networks, trading\\ncurrencies is now more accessible than ever. The foreign exchange market, or\\nforex, is notoriously the domain of commercial and investment banks, not to\\nmention hedge funds and massive international corporations. At first glance,\\nthe presence of such heavyweight entities may appear daunting to the\\nindividual investor. But the presence of such powerful groups and such a\\nmassive international market can also work to the benefit of the individual\\ntrader. The forex market offers trading 24 hours a day, five days a week. It\\nis the largest and most liquid market in the world. According to Bank For\\nInternational Settlement, trading in foreign exchange markets averaged 5.3\\ntrillion per day in 2013.\\n\\nTrading Opportunities The sheer number of currencies traded serves to ensure\\nan extreme level of day-to-day volatility. There will always be currencies\\nthat are moving rapidly up or down, offering opportunities for profit (and\\ncommensurate risk) to astute traders. Yet, like the equity markets, forex\\noffers plenty of instruments to mitigate risk and allows the individual to\\nprofit in both rising and falling markets. Forex also allows highly leveraged\\ntrading with low margin requirements relative to its equity counterparts.\\n\\nMany instruments utilized in forex - such as forwards and futures, options,\\nspread betting, contracts for difference (CFD) and the spot market - will\\nappear similar to those used in the equity markets. Since the instruments on\\nthe forex market often maintain minimum trade sizes in terms of the base\\ncurrencies (the spot market, for example, requires a minimum trade size of\\n100,000 units of the base currency), the use of margin is absolutely essential\\nfor the person trading these instruments.\\n\\nBuying and Selling Currencies Regarding the specifics of buying and selling on\\nforex, it is important to note that currencies are always priced in pairs. All\\ntrades result in the simultaneous purchase of one currency and the sale of\\nanother. This necessitates a slightly different mode of thinking than the way\\nrequired by equity markets. While trading on the forex market, you would\\nexecute a trade only at a time when you expect the currency you are buying to\\nincrease in value relative to the one you are selling.\\n\\nBase and Counter Currencies and Quotes Currency traders must become familiar\\nalso with the way currencies are quoted. The first currency in the pair is\\nconsidered the base currency; and the second is the counter or quote currency.\\nMost of the time, the U.S. dollar is considered the base currency, and quotes\\nare expressed in units of US$1 per counter currency (for example, USD/JPY or\\nUSD/CAD).\\n\\nForex quotes always include a bid and an ask price. The bid is the price at\\nwhich the market maker is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the\\ncounter currency. The ask price is the price at which the market maker is\\nwilling to sell the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The\\ndifference between the bid and the ask prices is referred to as the spread.\\n\\nThe cost of establishing a position is determined by the spread. Most major\\ncurrency pairs are priced to four decimal places, the final digit of which is\\nreferred to as a point or a pip. For example, if USD/JPY was quoted with a bid\\nof 134.3919 and an ask of 134.3923, the four-pip spread is the cost of trading\\nthis position. From the very start, therefore, the trader must recover the\\nfour-pip cost from his or her profits, necessitating a favorable move in the\\nposition simply to break even.\\n\\nMore About Margin Trading in the currency markets also requires a trader to\\nthink in a slightly different way about margin. Margin on the forex market is\\nnot a down payment on a future purchase of equity but a deposit to the\\ntrader's account that will cover against any future currency-trading losses. A\\ntypical currency trading system will allow for a very high degree of leverage\\nin its margin requirements, up to 100:1. The system will automatically\\ncalculate the funds necessary for current positions and will check for margin\\navailability before executing any trade.\\n\\nRollover In the spot forex market, trades must be settled within two business\\ndays. For example, if a trader sells a certain number of currency units on\\nWednesday, he or she must deliver an equivalent number of units on Friday. But\\ncurrency trading systems may allow for a \\\"rollover\\\" with which open positions\\ncan be swapped forward to the next settlement date (giving an extension of two\\nadditional business days). The interest rate for such a swap is predetermined,\\nand, in fact, these swaps are actually financial instruments that can also be\\ntraded on the currency market.\\n\\nIn any spot rollover transaction, the difference between the interest rates of\\nthe base and counter currencies is reflected as an overnight loan. If the\\ntrader holds a long position in the currency with the higher interest rate, he\\nor she would gain on the spot rollover. The amount of such a gain would\\nfluctuate day-to-day according to the precise interest-rate differential\\nbetween the base and the counter currency. Such rollover rates are quoted in\\ndollars and are shown in the interest column of the forex trading system.\\nRollovers, however, will not affect traders who never hold a position\\novernight since the rollover is exclusively a day-to-day phenomenon.\\n\\nConclusion As one can immediately see, trading in forex requires a slightly\\ndifferent way of thinking than the way required by equity markets. Yet, for\\nits extreme liquidity, multitude of opportunities for large profits due to\\nstrong trends and high levels of available leverage, the currency market is\\nhard to resist for the advanced trader. With such potential, however, comes\\nsignificant risk, and traders should quickly establish an intimate familiarity\\nwith methods of risk management.\\n\\nTrending\\n\\n 1. ### How the GOP Tax Bill Affects You\\n\\n 2. ### This Bitcoin \\\"Bull Market\\\" Is Nothing\\n\\n 3. ### Trump's Tax Reform Plan\\n\\n 4. ### 5 Dividend Stocks for Bull and Bear Markets\\n\\n 5. ### Penny Stocks to Watch for December 2017\\n\\nHot Definitions\\n\\n 1. ### Futures Contract\\n\\nA contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures\\nexchange, to buy or sell a particular commodity ...\\n\\n 2. ### Business Cycle\\n\\nThe fluctuations in economic activity that an economy experiences over a\\nperiod of time. A business cycle is basically defined ...\\n\\n 3. ### Money Manager\\n\\nA money manager is a person or financial firm that manages the securities\\nportfolio of an individual or institutional investor.\\n\\n 4. ### Market Index\\n\\nAn aggregate value produced by combining several stocks or other investment\\nvehicles together and expressing their total ...\\n\\n 5. ### Working Capital\\n\\nWorking capital is a measure of both a company's efficiency and its short-term\\nfinancial health. Working capital is calculated ...\\n\\n 6. ### January Effect\\n\\nA general increase in stock prices during the month of January. This rally is\\ngenerally attributed to an increase in buying, ...\\n\\nTrading Center\\n\\nPartner Links\\n\\nWant to learn how to invest?\\n\\n### Get a free 10 week email series that will teach you how to start\\ninvesting.\\n\\nDelivered twice a week, straight to your inbox.\\n\\n * Dictionary:\\n * #\\n * a\\n * b\\n * c\\n * d\\n * e\\n * f\\n * g\\n * h\\n * i\\n * j\\n * k\\n * l\\n * m\\n * n\\n * o\\n * p\\n * q\\n * r\\n * s\\n * t\\n * u\\n * v\\n * w\\n * x\\n * y\\n * z\\n\\n * Content Library\\n * Articles\\n * Terms\\n * Videos\\n * Guides\\n * Slideshows\\n * FAQs\\n * Calculators\\n * Chart Advisor\\n * Stock Analysis\\n * Stock Simulator\\n * Exam Prep Quizzer\\n * Net Worth Calculator\\n\\n * Connect With Investopedia\\n\\n * Work With Investopedia\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Contact Us\\n * Careers\\n\\n * Get Free Newsletters\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n * Work With Investopedia\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Contact Us\\n * Careers\\n\\n© 2018, Investopedia, LLC. All Rights Reserved Terms Of Use Privacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":351,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":4374416,"string":"4,374,416"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Stop a Developing Yeast Infection"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To stop a developing yeast infection, visit your doctor, who will probably prescribe a topical antifungal cream to clear up the infection. While you’re waiting for your yeast infection to clear, try to shower twice a day to keep your skin clean. Avoid using scented skin products or sprays, since this can irritate your skin and make your infection worse. After you shower, dry yourself with a clean towel to avoid transferring yeast back onto your skin. You should also wear loose underwear and clothing, which will allow your skin to breathe and prevent moisture from building up."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20170623072319/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/basics/treatment/con-20022381","http://web.archive.org/web/20150706210853/http://patient.info:80/health/Candidal-Skin-Infection.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20210212022458/https://www.emedicinehealth.com/yeast_infection_diaper_rash/article_em.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20171013120240/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129","http://web.archive.org/web/20201025215931/https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20160704212635/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20210107082605/https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464","http://web.archive.org/web/20171008034147/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129","http://web.archive.org/web/20141104033302/https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20170927025646/http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129","http://web.archive.org/web/20171012182133/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/treatment/con-20035129","http://web.archive.org/web/20171003010422/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170623072319/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/basics/treatment/con-20022381\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150706210853/http://patient.info:80/health/Candidal-Skin-Infection.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210212022458/https://www.emedicinehealth.com/yeast_infection_diaper_rash/article_em.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171013120240/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201025215931/https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160704212635/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210107082605/https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171008034147/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20141104033302/https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927025646/http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171012182133/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/treatment/con-20035129\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003010422/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1448,"string":"1,448"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/basics/treatment/con-20022381","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170623072319/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/basics/treatment/con-20022381","parsed_text":{"title":"Oral thrush Treatments and drugs","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Oral thrush Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://patient.info:80/health/Candidal-Skin-Infection.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150706210853/http://patient.info:80/health/Candidal-Skin-Infection.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Candidal Skin Infection. Candida of the skin; thrush information","passages":["Candida is a yeast (a type of fungus). Small numbers of candida normally live on the skin and do no harm. Sometimes, under certain conditions, they can multiply and cause infection. The common sites for candida to cause infection are the vagina (vaginal thrush), the mouth (oral thrush), and the skin. This leaflet just deals with candidal skin infections. See separate leaflets called Vaginal thrush and Oral thrush for further details.","Usually not. Most infections occur in people who are otherwise healthy (although they are more common if you are overweight). Treatment usually works well. In some people, the candidal skin infection may be the first indication of another condition such as diabetes.","Areas of skin that are moist or sweaty are ideal for candida to thrive. Therefore, the common sites affected are in the folds of skin in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. (Another name for inflammation within a fold of skin or under a breast is 'intertrigo'. Candidal infection is a common cause of intertrigo.) Nappy rash is sometimes due to candida. Obese people may develop candidal infection between folds of skin. It can also affect skin between fingers and toes, and the corners of the mouth.","If you have a poor immune system. For example, if you have AIDS, or have chemotherapy, or have certain types of serious blood disorder.","In affected folds of the skin (under breasts, groin, etc) a typical red rash develops. The rash is usually sore and itchy. Small blister-like swellings may develop on the rash. Skin scale can accumulate on the rash to produce a white- yellow, curd-like substance over the affected area. If the areas between toes or fingers are involved, the affected skin may become thick and macerated (where the skin softens and becomes a whitish colour).","Sometimes a mild steroid cream is added to reduce inflammation whilst the antifungal cream is working. (However, a steroid cream alone will make the condition worse as soon as the steroid is stopped.)","Always dry well after washing, particularly in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. Some people use a hairdryer to dry these areas after washing to ensure they are dry before putting clothes on.","Wear light, loose, absorbent clothing and avoid wool and synthetic fibres. This helps to keep the skin from getting too moist.","If you are troubled with repeated infections at the angle of your mouth and you wear dentures, then remove the dentures each night to clean, and then sterilise them overnight.","If the infection keeps recurring for no apparent reason, a test to check for sugar (diabetes) may be advised by a doctor.","Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. For details see our conditions.","I was pretty much born with Ringworm... quite bad Ringworm. I am now 23. The doctors just prescribe me with Terbinafine tablets & Lamisil cream which don't really work. I only get Ringworm when it'...","Kindly let me know if the sore smells and if it is hereditary. when cleaning, can the foot be soaked in hotwater and leaned with menthylated spirit after drying?","Hi for over a year now I have been suffering from recurrent facial infections particularly around the chin and jaw areas. Sometimes they will get quite bad and get a lot of swelling in the area. Af...","was recently prescribed terbinafine for one of toes after 2 month i have had to stop due to being ill it is so horrible","I've never had particularly 'good' skin but I've never really had any major problems other than acne when I was younger and the occasional spot now and again. I'm now 32 and at the beginning of thi...","Patient is one of the most trusted medical resources online, supplying evidence based information on a wide range of medical and health topics to patients and health professionals.","© EMIS Group plc. Registered in England and Wales. Registered number: 06553923 Registered office: Rawdon House, Green Lane, Yeadon, Leeds LS19 7BY Patient is a UK registered trade mark.","Trending search phrases: bmi calculator, scarlet fever, blood pressure, cystic fibrosis, pregnancy symptoms, glandular fever, multiple sclerosis, prostate cancer, depression test, rheumatoid arthritis"]},"parsed_md":"Candidal Skin Infection. Candida of the skin; thrush information | Patient\n\nSkip to content\n\n# Patient - Trusted medical information and support\n\nSkip to content\n\nWelcome to Patient\n\nRegister\n\n * Patient Access\n * Patient\n * \\- MyHealth\n * \\- Forums\n * \\- PatientPro\n\n|\n\nSign in\n\n * Patient Access\n * Patient\n * \\- MyHealth\n * \\- Forums\n * \\- PatientPro\n\nMyHealth | Blogs | Shop | Symptom checker\n\nLike us on facebook!\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Health Information\n 3. Candidal Skin Infection\n\n# Candidal Skin Infection\n\n139 Users are discussing this topic\n\n * Print\n * PDF\n * Email\n * Bookmark Bookmarked Remove?\n\nCancel\n\nYou must be signed in to bookmark pages\n\nView All\n\n * Notes\n\nCancel\n\nYou must be signed into your pro account to make notes\n\n * Listen\n\n139\n\n0\n\n0\n\n19\n\nA rash caused by candida is usually not serious, and is usually easily treated\nwith an antifungal cream.\n\n### Related discussions\n\n * Ringworm... The strongest & most effective treatment?! kayleighmhx 1 replies\n\n * ATHLETE FOOT: i would like to know if it smells and if it also is hereditary? zeddicus 3 replies\n\n * Facial infections around beard area bryan09240 4 replies\n\n * Start a discussion\n\n## What is candida?\n\nCandida is a yeast (a type of fungus). Small numbers of candida normally live\non the skin and do no harm. Sometimes, under certain conditions, they can\nmultiply and cause infection. The common sites for candida to cause infection\nare the vagina (vaginal thrush), the mouth (oral thrush), and the skin. This\nleaflet just deals with candidal skin infections. See separate leaflets called\nVaginal thrush and Oral thrush for further details.\n\n## Is a candidal skin infection serious?\n\nUsually not. Most infections occur in people who are otherwise healthy\n(although they are more common if you are overweight). Treatment usually works\nwell. In some people, the candidal skin infection may be the first indication\nof another condition such as diabetes.\n\n### Dr. Sarah Jarvis\n\n * Thrush\n\n * Embarrassing illnesses\n\n * Read more blog posts\n\n## Why does candida sometimes multiply and cause infection on the skin?\n\nThe chance of a candidal skin infection developing is more likely in the\nfollowing situations:\n\n * Areas of skin that are moist or sweaty are ideal for candida to thrive. Therefore, the common sites affected are in the folds of skin in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. (Another name for inflammation within a fold of skin or under a breast is 'intertrigo'. Candidal infection is a common cause of intertrigo.) Nappy rash is sometimes due to candida. Obese people may develop candidal infection between folds of skin. It can also affect skin between fingers and toes, and the corners of the mouth.\n * If you have diabetes.\n * If you take a long course of antibiotics or steroid medication.\n * If you have a poor immune system. For example, if you have AIDS, or have chemotherapy, or have certain types of serious blood disorder.\n\n### Related articles\n\n * Oral Thrush in Babies\n * Oral Thrush\n * Vaginal Thrush\n * See more articles\n\n## What are the symptoms of a candidal skin infection?\n\nIn affected folds of the skin (under breasts, groin, etc) a typical red rash\ndevelops. The rash is usually sore and itchy. Small blister-like swellings may\ndevelop on the rash. Skin scale can accumulate on the rash to produce a white-\nyellow, curd-like substance over the affected area. If the areas between toes\nor fingers are involved, the affected skin may become thick and macerated\n(where the skin softens and becomes a whitish colour).\n\n### Dr Sarah Jarvis talks about Vaginal Thrush\n\nView more patient.info videos\n\n## What is the treatment for candidal skin infection?\n\n * An antifungal cream usually clears the infection within a week or so.\n * Sometimes a mild steroid cream is added to reduce inflammation whilst the antifungal cream is working. (However, a steroid cream alone will make the condition worse as soon as the steroid is stopped.)\n * Occasionally, if the rash is widespread, antifungal tablets are prescribed.\n\n## Can candidal skin infections be prevented?\n\nTo minimise the risk of a candidal skin infection:\n\n * Keep areas likely to be affected as clean and dry as possible.\n * Always dry well after washing, particularly in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. Some people use a hairdryer to dry these areas after washing to ensure they are dry before putting clothes on.\n * Wear light, loose, absorbent clothing and avoid wool and synthetic fibres. This helps to keep the skin from getting too moist.\n * Losing weight may help if obesity is contributing to this problem.\n * If you are troubled with repeated infections at the angle of your mouth and you wear dentures, then remove the dentures each night to clean, and then sterilise them overnight.\n\nIf the infection keeps recurring for no apparent reason, a test to check for\nsugar (diabetes) may be advised by a doctor.\n\nReferences & Disclaimer | Provide Feedback\n\n## Further reading & references\n\n * Candida - skin; NICE CKS, March 2009\n * Hidalgo JA et al, Candidiasis, Medscape, May 2012\n\nDisclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for\nthe diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable\ncare in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy.\nConsult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment\nof medical conditions. For details see our conditions.\n\nOriginal Author: Dr Tim Kenny| Current Version: Dr Laurence Knott| Peer\nReviewer: Dr Helen Huins \n---|---|--- \nDocument ID: 4451 (v39)| Last Checked: 19/07/2012| Next Review: 19/07/2015 \n \n### Also on Patient\n\n * Candidiasis PatientPlus\n\n * Office workers do it best standing up Wellbeing article\n\n * Messages about reducing sugar intake uncle... Wellbeing article\n\n * candida Discussion forums\n\n * Embarrassing illnesses Blog article\n\n * Fruits and juices may have opposite effect... Wellbeing article\n\n * candida albicans Discussion forums\n\n * Thrush Blog article\n\n#### Common searches for this page include: Candida, candida symptoms, candida\nalbicans, candidasis, candida treatment, what is candida\n\n### Join our health community\n\nE\n\n * 139\n\nFungal and Yeast Infections\n\n#### The Patient forums\n\n#### Helpful advice and support\n\nYou’re not alone, reach out to thousands of patients\n\n#### Comprehensive\n\nDiscussions for nearly every medical condition\n\n#### Earn badges and reputation\n\nReceive accolades for helping out other members of the community\n\nJoin the discussion\n\n### Latest discussions\n\n * #### Ringworm... The strongest & most effective treatment?!\n\nPosted 3 July 2015 at 17:57 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nI was pretty much born with Ringworm... quite bad Ringworm. I am now 23. The\ndoctors just prescribe me with Terbinafine tablets & Lamisil cream which don't\nreally work. I only get Ringworm when it'...\n\n#### kayleighmhx\n\nReply\n\n * #### ATHLETE FOOT: i would like to know if it smells and if it also is hereditary?\n\nPosted 27 June 2015 at 08:58 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nKindly let me know if the sore smells and if it is hereditary. when cleaning,\ncan the foot be soaked in hotwater and leaned with menthylated spirit after\ndrying?\n\n#### zeddicus\n\nReply\n\n * #### Facial infections around beard area\n\nPosted 26 June 2015 at 13:52 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nHi for over a year now I have been suffering from recurrent facial infections\nparticularly around the chin and jaw areas. Sometimes they will get quite bad\nand get a lot of swelling in the area. Af...\n\n#### bryan09240\n\nReply\n\n * #### terbinafine\n\nPosted 20 June 2015 at 13:05 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nwas recently prescribed terbinafine for one of toes after 2 month i have had\nto stop due to being ill it is so horrible\n\n#### teri04741\n\nReply\n\n * #### Will my fungal infection ever go? And are there any alternatives to steroid creams?\n\nPosted 18 June 2015 at 19:24 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nI've never had particularly 'good' skin but I've never really had any major\nproblems other than acne when I was younger and the occasional spot now and\nagain. I'm now 32 and at the beginning of thi...\n\n#### pyrrhus\n\nReply\n\n### Trending articles\n\n * IBD: Raising awareness and making a difference\n\n * 7 big dental health myths - debunked\n\n * Office workers do it best standing up\n\n * How does the private and NHS dental system work?\n\n * We are not alone\n\nSee all trending articles »\n\nPatient is one of the most trusted medical resources online, supplying\nevidence based information on a wide range of medical and health topics to\npatients and health professionals.\n\n### Connect with us\n\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * Google+\n * Facebook\n\nLike us on Facebook!\n\nAbout Us| Media Enquiries| Press Releases| Commercial Opportunities| Advertise\nWith Us\n\n© EMIS Group plc. Registered in England and Wales. 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Urine and stool acidity (the latter seen in diarrhea) and chronic wetness coupled with a warm barrier environment are all factors proposed as causes of diaper dermatitis (diaper rash). However, sometimes a superficial skin infection is a factor in diaper rash. The most common infectious cause of diaper rash is Candida albicans (yeast, a fungus).","Such a diaper rash can begin with softening and breakdown of the tissue around the anus. The infected area is red and elevated, and fluid may be visible under the skin. Small, raised infected red bumps (satellite pustules) appear at the periphery of the rash. These satellite pustules are characteristic of Candida diaper rash and allow yeast diaper rash to be easily distinguished from other types of diaper rash such as a contact (irritant) diaper rash. Yeast diaper rash can appear on the thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and genitals.","Another distribution characteristic of C. albicans diaper distribution is its likelihood to be found in the creases of skin (for example, in the skin folds where the legs join with the pelvis). Generally, contact diaper rash does not involve these regions since the overlapping skin \"protects\" the area from exposure to noxious irritants.","A Candida skin infection can come from the upper gastrointestinal tract, the lower gastrointestinal tract, or exposure from a care provider. A Candida diaper rash can be accompanied by Candida infection of the mouth (thrush). A breastfeeding infant with a thrush infection may inadvertently infect the mother's nipple/areola area. If such an infection is suspected, simple topical medications may be prescribed by her doctor.","It goes without saying that the need to wear a diaper is probably the major contributing factor. Cotton underwear is much better suited to breathing and preventing the environment in which yeast thrive -- dark, warm, and moist skin surfaces. Cloth diapers and nonabsorbent disposable diapers both contribute to a favorable environment for yeast growth. Many specialists believe that a yeast infection in the infant's mouth (thrush) is a risk factor for the development of yeast diaper dermatitis. Lastly, recent receipt of oral antibiotics may also encourage overgrowth of intestinal yeast.","One-fourth to one-half of babies experience diaper rash. Of these, 15%-50% are due to yeast. Yeast diaper rashes tend to decrease as children get older and end when the infant stops using diapers. The air exposure afforded by underwear lessens the establishment of an infection on macerated skin surfaces. This explains the tongue-in-cheek opinion of pediatricians that a quick cure for diaper rash (contact or infectious) is successful toilet training.","If few C. albicans organisms are present, they may not be significant. However, symptoms are aggravated with more extensive infection. One study noted C. albicans was present in 37%-40% patients with diaper rash, suggesting that C. albicans infection from the gastrointestinal tract plays a major role in diaper rash. Another study noted that 30% of healthy infants and 92% of infants with diaper rash had C. albicans in the stool. This reveals a definite relationship between Candida colonization of the stool and diaper dermatitis. However, such information does not reveal the entire picture. The actual presence of C. albicans in the stool in and of itself is not the entire story since a majority of healthy adult intestinal tracts are colonized by C. albicans. These generally asymptomatic (having no symptoms) adults may also develop groin Candida infections should they become immune compromised or suffer from extremely poor hygiene. Several studies have shown promising results of lessening the incidence and severity of Candida infection when probiotics (for example, yogurt with \"active cultures\") are taken whenever antibiotics are necessary.","Antibiotic use can lead to increased growth of Candida species. Thus, the fact that the use of commonly prescribed antibiotics such as amoxicillin increases the risk for developing diaper rash is not surprising. Amoxicillin use in infants decreases the number of bacteria and increases the number of C. albicans.","A yeast caused diaper rash is not painful. The characteristic bright red area of skin in the groin and around the anus, including the intertriginous region (the deep folds of skin where the legs attach to the child's torso), is characteristic of a yeast infection diaper rash.","Careful examination of the diaper region for the characteristic diaper rash described above allows for rapid diagnosis and treatment. Supportive evidence for a yeast diaper rash diagnosis would be the presence of an oral yeast infection (thrush). Laboratory testing and/or examination by a dermatologist is rarely necessary.","The primary treatment for Candida diaper rash involves antifungal topical treatment and decreasing moisture in the diaper area. Nystatin (Mycostatin), clotrimazole (Lotrimin), and miconazole (Micatin, Monistat-Derm) are topical over-the-counter (nonprescription) treatments of equal strength for treating Candida diaper dermatitis. Occasionally, other prescription antifungal creams, such as ketoconazole (Nizoral cream) and econazole (Spectazole) may be necessary. How long treatment should last has not been completely defined, although typically the cream or ointment is applied at each diaper change until the rash is resolved, usually in four to seven days.","Because of the intestinal reservoir of Candida species in most patients with yeast diaper rash, some doctors recommend oral antifungal medications in addition to topical creams. No study has definitively answered the question whether oral antifungal medications are helpful.","Some dermatologists and pediatric infectious disease specialists point out that the effectiveness of these topical creams has been waning over the last few years. An alternative oral medication (fluconazole [Diflucan]) taken once a day for two weeks can be very effective. Many pediatricians will initially recommend one of the topical medications for ease and simplicity and use fluconazole if topical treatment is not effective.","Some studies have indicated that preventing diaper rash may be done by applying barrier creams like zinc oxide (A+D Ointment, Desitin, Diaparene) or petroleum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) to the diaper area after bathing. These products may help to decrease the ambient moisture in the diaper area after bathing or changing a diaper. Gentle cleaning to minimize skin breakdown may also be helpful. Air exposure (for example, no diaper) is also therapeutic.","There are several approaches that will be helpful in eradicating and preventing a yeast infection in the diaper area. Air exposure (no diapers) of the skin region is invaluable. The backyard is often a site where the child can be without diapers. The establishment of toilet training is also very helpful. As the child is developmentally ready, the transition from diaper to cotton underwear is beneficial. If diapers are needed, utilizing an absorbent disposable product is superior to either cloth or nonabsorbent disposable diapers. Keeping the diaper area skin clean by rapid diaper changing as indicated is also helpful. Lastly, application of a topical preventative barrier cream such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or zinc oxide (A+D Ointment) are helpful preventive measures.","Diaper rashes decrease to the extent that diapered skin can have an environment closer to that of undiapered skin. The less time that infants wear diapers, the less the chance that they develop a diaper rash. However, the need to wear diapers must also be considered. Disposable diapers are associated with fewer cases of yeast diaper rash than are cloth diapers. Disposable diapers have absorbent gelling materials that draw moisture away from delicate skin surfaces. Infants who wear breathable disposable diapers developed significantly fewer diaper rashes of any type than infants who wore standard, non-breathable disposable diapers in a series of clinical trials.","An evaluation of past clinical studies conducted before and after the introduction of absorbent gelling materials in diapers confirms that use of these materials has been associated with a definite reduction in the severity of diaper rash. Survival of Candida colonies was reduced by almost two-thirds in the breathable diaper-covered sites compared to the control sites.","Betamethasone dipropionate is a fluorinated high-potency topical corticosteroid that is formulated with clotrimazole in the brand-named product Lotrisone. This product is frequently used inappropriately in intertriginous (diaper regions where deep folds of skin overlap) areas. Such potent corticosteroids have no role in the treatment of a Candida diaper rash. The absorption of such a highly potent steroid may produce multiple (and potentially severe) side effects.","Prevention and the above-described therapies yield an excellent prognosis for a yeast infection in the diaper area. The naturally recurrent nature of a yeast infection in the diaper area should not be interpreted as a failure of parenting skills. Sometimes it just happens.","Topical therapy, including barrier creams and disposable diapers, decreases the incidence and extent of yeast diaper rash. Frequent diaper changes with the superabsorbent disposable diapers create an environment that does not let yeast thrive. Cleaning that is gentle and minimizes skin breakdown can help as well. Air exposure is also helpful.","Your doctor may recommend a short course of mild topical steroid cream or ointment if the rash does not appear to be a fungal infection."]},"parsed_md":"Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Home Remedies, Treatment & Symptoms\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Advertising Policy\n\n©2018 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\nhome children's health centerTopic Guide\n\n# Diaper Rash (Candida Yeast Infection) Symptoms, Causes, and Cream Treatments\nin Babies\n\n * Medical Author: John Mersch, MD, FAAP\n * Medical Editor: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\n\nReviewed on 10/4/2019\n\n * Definition\n\n * What Is a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n * Causes\n\n * What Are Causes and Risk Factors of Diaper Rash Yeast Infection in Babies?\n * Are They Common?\n\n * Are Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies Common?\n * Symptoms/Signs\n\n * What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n * Diagnosis\n\n * How Do Doctors Diagnose Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies?\n * Treatment\n\n * How is a Diaper Rash Caused by Yeast Infections Treated?\n * What Natural Home Remedies Treat a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash in Babies?\n * Types\n\n * Does the Type of Diaper Matter for Yeast Diaper Rashes?\n * Anti-Yeast Treatment\n\n * What Are Anti-Yeast Infection Treatments In Babies?\n * Healing Time\n\n * How Long Does It Take for a Diaper Rash to Heal?\n * How to Prevent\n\n * Is It Possible to Prevent a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n * Guide\n\n * Diaper Rash (Candida, Yeast Infection) in Babies Topic Guide\n * Doctor's Notes on Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Symptoms\n\n### What Is a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n\nA yeast diaper rash is not painful.\n\nMost diaper rashes have to do with impairment of skin integrity rather than\nany specific bacterial or fungal infection. Urine and stool acidity (the\nlatter seen in diarrhea) and chronic wetness coupled with a warm barrier\nenvironment are all factors proposed as causes of diaper dermatitis (diaper\nrash). However, sometimes a superficial skin infection is a factor in diaper\nrash. The most common infectious cause of diaper rash is Candida albicans\n(yeast, a fungus).\n\nSuch a diaper rash can begin with softening and breakdown of the tissue around\nthe anus. The infected area is red and elevated, and fluid may be visible\nunder the skin. Small, raised infected red bumps (satellite pustules) appear\nat the periphery of the rash. These satellite pustules are characteristic of\nCandida diaper rash and allow yeast diaper rash to be easily distinguished\nfrom other types of diaper rash such as a contact (irritant) diaper rash.\nYeast diaper rash can appear on the thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and\ngenitals.\n\nAnother distribution characteristic of C. albicans diaper distribution is its\nlikelihood to be found in the creases of skin (for example, in the skin folds\nwhere the legs join with the pelvis). Generally, contact diaper rash does not\ninvolve these regions since the overlapping skin \"protects\" the area from\nexposure to noxious irritants.\n\nA Candida skin infection can come from the upper gastrointestinal tract, the\nlower gastrointestinal tract, or exposure from a care provider. A Candida\ndiaper rash can be accompanied by Candida infection of the mouth (thrush). A\nbreastfeeding infant with a thrush infection may inadvertently infect the\nmother's nipple/areola area. If such an infection is suspected, simple topical\nmedications may be prescribed by her doctor.\n\n### What Are Causes and Risk Factors of Diaper Rash Yeast Infection in Babies?\n\nIt goes without saying that the need to wear a diaper is probably the major\ncontributing factor. Cotton underwear is much better suited to breathing and\npreventing the environment in which yeast thrive -- dark, warm, and moist skin\nsurfaces. Cloth diapers and nonabsorbent disposable diapers both contribute to\na favorable environment for yeast growth. Many specialists believe that a\nyeast infection in the infant's mouth (thrush) is a risk factor for the\ndevelopment of yeast diaper dermatitis. Lastly, recent receipt of oral\nantibiotics may also encourage overgrowth of intestinal yeast.\n\n### Are Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies Common?\n\nOne-fourth to one-half of babies experience diaper rash. Of these, 15%-50% are\ndue to yeast. Yeast diaper rashes tend to decrease as children get older and\nend when the infant stops using diapers. The air exposure afforded by\nunderwear lessens the establishment of an infection on macerated skin\nsurfaces. This explains the tongue-in-cheek opinion of pediatricians that a\nquick cure for diaper rash (contact or infectious) is successful toilet\ntraining.\n\nIf few C. albicans organisms are present, they may not be significant.\nHowever, symptoms are aggravated with more extensive infection. One study\nnoted C. albicans was present in 37%-40% patients with diaper rash, suggesting\nthat C. albicans infection from the gastrointestinal tract plays a major role\nin diaper rash. Another study noted that 30% of healthy infants and 92% of\ninfants with diaper rash had C. albicans in the stool. This reveals a definite\nrelationship between Candida colonization of the stool and diaper dermatitis.\nHowever, such information does not reveal the entire picture. The actual\npresence of C. albicans in the stool in and of itself is not the entire story\nsince a majority of healthy adult intestinal tracts are colonized by C.\nalbicans. These generally asymptomatic (having no symptoms) adults may also\ndevelop groin Candida infections should they become immune compromised or\nsuffer from extremely poor hygiene. Several studies have shown promising\nresults of lessening the incidence and severity of Candida infection when\nprobiotics (for example, yogurt with \"active cultures\") are taken whenever\nantibiotics are necessary.\n\nAntibiotic use can lead to increased growth of Candida species. Thus, the fact\nthat the use of commonly prescribed antibiotics such as amoxicillin increases\nthe risk for developing diaper rash is not surprising. Amoxicillin use in\ninfants decreases the number of bacteria and increases the number of C.\nalbicans.\n\n#### SLIDESHOW\n\nHealthy Eating for Kids - Recipes and Meal Ideas See Slideshow\n\n### What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n\nA yeast caused diaper rash is not painful. The characteristic bright red area\nof skin in the groin and around the anus, including the intertriginous region\n(the deep folds of skin where the legs attach to the child's torso), is\ncharacteristic of a yeast infection diaper rash.\n\n### How Do Doctors Diagnose Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies?\n\nCareful examination of the diaper region for the characteristic diaper rash\ndescribed above allows for rapid diagnosis and treatment. Supportive evidence\nfor a yeast diaper rash diagnosis would be the presence of an oral yeast\ninfection (thrush). Laboratory testing and/or examination by a dermatologist\nis rarely necessary.\n\n### How is a Diaper Rash Caused by Yeast Infections Treated?\n\nThe primary treatment for Candida diaper rash involves antifungal topical\ntreatment and decreasing moisture in the diaper area. Nystatin (Mycostatin),\nclotrimazole (Lotrimin), and miconazole (Micatin, Monistat-Derm) are topical\nover-the-counter (nonprescription) treatments of equal strength for treating\nCandida diaper dermatitis. Occasionally, other prescription antifungal creams,\nsuch as ketoconazole (Nizoral cream) and econazole (Spectazole) may be\nnecessary. How long treatment should last has not been completely defined,\nalthough typically the cream or ointment is applied at each diaper change\nuntil the rash is resolved, usually in four to seven days.\n\nBecause of the intestinal reservoir of Candida species in most patients with\nyeast diaper rash, some doctors recommend oral antifungal medications in\naddition to topical creams. No study has definitively answered the question\nwhether oral antifungal medications are helpful.\n\nSome dermatologists and pediatric infectious disease specialists point out\nthat the effectiveness of these topical creams has been waning over the last\nfew years. An alternative oral medication (fluconazole [Diflucan]) taken once\na day for two weeks can be very effective. Many pediatricians will initially\nrecommend one of the topical medications for ease and simplicity and use\nfluconazole if topical treatment is not effective.\n\nSome studies have indicated that preventing diaper rash may be done by\napplying barrier creams like zinc oxide (A+D Ointment, Desitin, Diaparene) or\npetroleum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) to the diaper area after bathing. These\nproducts may help to decrease the ambient moisture in the diaper area after\nbathing or changing a diaper. Gentle cleaning to minimize skin breakdown may\nalso be helpful. Air exposure (for example, no diaper) is also therapeutic.\n\n#### Bad Bugs and Their Bites\n\n#### Sex Drive Killers\n\n#### Cancerous Tumors\n\n#### Multiple Sclerosis\n\n#### Adult Skin Problems\n\n#### Habits That Wreck Your Teeth\n\n#### Manage Diabetes in 10 Minutes\n\n#### Erectile Dysfunction\n\n#### Type 2 Diabetes Warning Signs\n\n#### Health Benefits of Sex\n\n#### Scalp, Hair and Nails\n\n#### ADHD Symptoms in Children?\n\n### What Natural Home Remedies Treat a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash in Babies?\n\nThere are several approaches that will be helpful in eradicating and\npreventing a yeast infection in the diaper area. Air exposure (no diapers) of\nthe skin region is invaluable. The backyard is often a site where the child\ncan be without diapers. The establishment of toilet training is also very\nhelpful. As the child is developmentally ready, the transition from diaper to\ncotton underwear is beneficial. If diapers are needed, utilizing an absorbent\ndisposable product is superior to either cloth or nonabsorbent disposable\ndiapers. Keeping the diaper area skin clean by rapid diaper changing as\nindicated is also helpful. Lastly, application of a topical preventative\nbarrier cream such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or zinc oxide (A+D Ointment)\nare helpful preventive measures.\n\n### Does the Type of Diaper Matter for Yeast Diaper Rashes?\n\nDiaper rashes decrease to the extent that diapered skin can have an\nenvironment closer to that of undiapered skin. The less time that infants wear\ndiapers, the less the chance that they develop a diaper rash. However, the\nneed to wear diapers must also be considered. Disposable diapers are\nassociated with fewer cases of yeast diaper rash than are cloth diapers.\nDisposable diapers have absorbent gelling materials that draw moisture away\nfrom delicate skin surfaces. Infants who wear breathable disposable diapers\ndeveloped significantly fewer diaper rashes of any type than infants who wore\nstandard, non-breathable disposable diapers in a series of clinical trials.\n\nAn evaluation of past clinical studies conducted before and after the\nintroduction of absorbent gelling materials in diapers confirms that use of\nthese materials has been associated with a definite reduction in the severity\nof diaper rash. Survival of Candida colonies was reduced by almost two-thirds\nin the breathable diaper-covered sites compared to the control sites.\n\n##### YOU MAY ALSO LIKE\n\nVIEW\n\nSimple Tips to Keep Baby's Skin Healthy\n\n### What Are Anti-Yeast Infection Treatments In Babies?\n\nBetamethasone dipropionate is a fluorinated high-potency topical\ncorticosteroid that is formulated with clotrimazole in the brand-named product\nLotrisone. This product is frequently used inappropriately in intertriginous\n(diaper regions where deep folds of skin overlap) areas. Such potent\ncorticosteroids have no role in the treatment of a Candida diaper rash. The\nabsorption of such a highly potent steroid may produce multiple (and\npotentially severe) side effects.\n\n### How Long Does It Take for a Diaper Rash to Heal?\n\nPrevention and the above-described therapies yield an excellent prognosis for\na yeast infection in the diaper area. The naturally recurrent nature of a\nyeast infection in the diaper area should not be interpreted as a failure of\nparenting skills. Sometimes it just happens.\n\n### Is It Possible to Prevent a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n\nTopical therapy, including barrier creams and disposable diapers, decreases\nthe incidence and extent of yeast diaper rash. Frequent diaper changes with\nthe superabsorbent disposable diapers create an environment that does not let\nyeast thrive. Cleaning that is gentle and minimizes skin breakdown can help as\nwell. Air exposure is also helpful.\n\n## Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Top Transitional Care\n * Tools to Improve Health\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n\n### From\n\n##### Parenting and Newborn Resources\n\n * Could Your Child Have Type 1 Diabetes?\n\n##### Featured Centers\n\n * Good and Bad Foods for Psoriasis\n * Video: Getting Personal on Life With MS\n\n##### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Shot-Free MS Treatment\n * Your Child and COVID-19\n\n### Diaper Rash Treatment\n\n * If the child (or adult) appears to have a candidal infection, the doctor may recommend antifungal creams or medicines.\n * If the child has impetigo (a bacterial infection), antibiotics may be prescribed.\n * Your doctor may recommend a short course of mild topical steroid cream or ointment if the rash does not appear to be a fungal infection.\n\nRead more about the various types of diaper rashes »\n\nReviewed on 10/4/2019\n\nReferences\n\nCandidiasis. CDC. Updated: Apr 12, 2019.\n.\n\nCONTINUE SCROLLING FOR RELATED SLIDESHOW\n\n©2021 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171013120240/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129","parsed_text":{"title":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Symptoms","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Symptoms - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201025215931/https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Baby Yeast Infections Pictures","passages":["Thrush is a yeast infection that causes white patches in the mouth and on the tongue. Thrush is most common in babies and older adults, but it can occur at any age.","In babies, it is easy to mistake thrush for milk or formula. It looks like cottage cheese or milk curds. Don't try to wipe away these patches, because you can make them red and sore. Some babies with thrush can be cranky and do not want to eat."]},"parsed_md":"Baby Yeast Infections Pictures - MedicineNet\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n * SEARCH\n * SYMPTOM CHECKER\n\nhome/healthy kids center/ healthy kids a-z list/ image collection a-z list/\nbaby yeast infections picture article\n\n# Fungal Skin Infections\n\n### Picture of Baby Yeast Infections\n\nThrush is a yeast infection that causes white patches in the mouth and on the\ntongue. Thrush is most common in babies and older adults, but it can occur at\nany age.\n\nIn babies, it is easy to mistake thrush for milk or formula. It looks like\ncottage cheese or milk curds. Don't try to wipe away these patches, because\nyou can make them red and sore. Some babies with thrush can be cranky and do\nnot want to eat.\n\nImage: Advertisement\n\nText: \"Thrush - Topic Overview\", WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160704212635/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Vaginal yeast infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia","passages":["Most women have a vaginal yeast infection at some time. Candida albicans is a common type of fungus. It is often found in small amounts in the vagina, mouth, digestive tract, and on the skin. Most of the time, it does not cause infection or symptoms.","Candida and the many other germs that normally live in the vagina keep each other in balance. However, sometimes the number of Candida increases, leading to a yeast infection.","A yeast infection is not spread through sexual contact. However, some men will develop symptoms such as itching and a rash on the penis after having sexual contact with an infected partner.","Having many vaginal yeast infections may be a sign of other health problems. Other vaginal infections and discharges can be mistaken for a vaginal yeast infection.","A small amount of the vaginal discharge is examined using a microscope. This is called a wet mount and KOH test.","Medicines to treat vaginal yeast infections are available as creams, ointments, vaginal tablets or suppositories. Most can be bought without needing to see your health care provider.","You will need to take the medicine for 1 - 7 days, depending on which medicine you buy. (If you do not get repeated infections, a 1-day medicine might work for you.)","Keep your genital area clean and dry. Avoid soap and rinse with water only. Sitting in a warm, but not hot, bath may help your symptoms.","Avoid douching. Although many women feel cleaner if they douche after their period or intercourse, it may worsen vaginal discharge. Douching removes healthy bacteria lining the vagina that protect against infection.","Eat yogurt with live cultures or take Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets when you are on antibiotics. This will help to prevent a yeast infection.","Wear cotton underwear or cotton-crotch pantyhose. Avoid underwear made of silk or nylon, because they can increase sweating in the genital area, which can cause irritation.","Avoid wearing wet bathing suits or exercise clothing for long periods of time. Wash sweaty or wet clothes after each use.","Repeat infections that occur right after treatment, or a yeast infection that does not respond well to treatment, may be an early sign of diabetes or rarely, HIV.","Eckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract. In: Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Katz VL, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2012:chap 23.","A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).","The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions."]},"parsed_md":"Vaginal yeast infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nVaginal yeast infection\n\nURL of this page: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm\n\n# Vaginal yeast infection\n\nVaginal yeast infection is an infection of the vagina. It is most commonly due\nto the fungus Candida albicans.\n\n## Causes\n\nMost women have a vaginal yeast infection at some time. Candida albicans is a\ncommon type of fungus. It is often found in small amounts in the vagina,\nmouth, digestive tract, and on the skin. Most of the time, it does not cause\ninfection or symptoms.\n\nCandida and the many other germs that normally live in the vagina keep each\nother in balance. However, sometimes the number of Candida increases, leading\nto a yeast infection.\n\nThis can happen if:\n\n * You are taking antibiotics used to treat another infection. Antibiotics change the normal balance between germs in the vagina.\n * You are pregnant\n * You are obese\n * You have diabetes\n\nA yeast infection is not spread through sexual contact. However, some men will\ndevelop symptoms such as itching and a rash on the penis after having sexual\ncontact with an infected partner.\n\nHaving many vaginal yeast infections may be a sign of other health problems.\nOther vaginal infections and discharges can be mistaken for a vaginal yeast\ninfection.\n\n## Symptoms\n\n * Abnormal vaginal discharge. Discharge can range from slightly watery, white discharge to thick, white, and chunky (like cottage cheese).\n * Itching and burning of the vagina and labia\n * Pain with intercourse\n * Painful urination\n * Redness and swelling of the skin just outside of the vagina (vulva)\n\n## Exams and Tests\n\nYou will have a pelvic exam. It may show:\n\n * Swelling and redness of the skin of the vulva, in the vagina, and on the cervix\n * Dry, white spots on the vaginal wall\n * Cracks in the skin of the vulva.\n\nA small amount of the vaginal discharge is examined using a microscope. This\nis called a wet mount and KOH test.\n\nSometimes, a culture is taken when the infection does not get better with\ntreatment or comes back many times.\n\nYour health care provider may order other tests to rule out other causes of\nyour symptoms.\n\n## Treatment\n\nMedicines to treat vaginal yeast infections are available as creams,\nointments, vaginal tablets or suppositories. Most can be bought without\nneeding to see your health care provider.\n\nTreating yourself at home is probably OK if:\n\n * Your symptoms are mild and you do not have pelvic pain or a fever\n * This is not your first yeast infection and you have not had many yeast infections in the past\n * You are not pregnant\n * You are not worried about other sexually transmitted infections from recent sexual contact\n\nMedicines you can buy yourself to treat a vaginal yeast infection are:\n\n * Miconazole\n * Clotrimazole\n * Tioconazole\n * Butoconazole\n\nWhen using these medicines:\n\n * Read the packages carefully and use them as directed.\n * You will need to take the medicine for 1 - 7 days, depending on which medicine you buy. (If you do not get repeated infections, a 1-day medicine might work for you.)\n * Do not stop using these medicines early because your symptoms are better.\n\nYou doctor can also prescribe a pill that you only take by mouth once.\n\nIf your symptoms are worse or you get vaginal yeast infections often, you may\nneed:\n\n * Medicine for up to 14 days\n * Clotrimazole vaginal suppository or fluconazole pill every week to prevent new infections\n\nTo help prevent and treat vaginal discharge:\n\n * Keep your genital area clean and dry. Avoid soap and rinse with water only. Sitting in a warm, but not hot, bath may help your symptoms.\n * Avoid douching. Although many women feel cleaner if they douche after their period or intercourse, it may worsen vaginal discharge. Douching removes healthy bacteria lining the vagina that protect against infection.\n * Eat yogurt with live cultures or take Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets when you are on antibiotics. This will help to prevent a yeast infection.\n * Use condoms to avoid catching or spreading infections.\n * Avoid using feminine hygiene sprays, fragrances, or powders in the genital area.\n * Avoid wearing tight-fitting pants or shorts, which may cause irritation.\n * Wear cotton underwear or cotton-crotch pantyhose. Avoid underwear made of silk or nylon, because they can increase sweating in the genital area, which can cause irritation.\n * Use pads and not tampons.\n * Keep your blood sugar levels under good control if you have diabetes.\n * Avoid wearing wet bathing suits or exercise clothing for long periods of time. Wash sweaty or wet clothes after each use.\n\n## Outlook (Prognosis)\n\nMost of the time, symptoms go away completely with proper treatment.\n\n## Possible Complications\n\nA lot of scratching may cause the skin to crack, making you more likely to get\na skin infection.\n\nRepeat infections that occur right after treatment, or a yeast infection that\ndoes not respond well to treatment, may be an early sign of diabetes or\nrarely, HIV.\n\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\n\nCall your health care provider if:\n\n * This is the first time that you have had symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection\n * You are not sure if you have a yeast infection\n * Your symptoms don't go away after using over-the-counter medicines\n * Your symptoms get worse\n * You develop other symptoms\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nYeast infection - vagina; Vaginal candidiasis; Monilial vaginitis\n\n## Images\n\n * Candida, fluorescent stain\n * Female reproductive anatomy\n * Yeast infections\n * Secondary infection\n * Uterus\n * Normal uterine anatomy (cut section)\n\n## References\n\nBiggs WS, Williams RM. Common gynecologic infections. Prim Care\n\nHabif TP. Superficial fungal infections. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical\nDermatology. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 13.\n\nEckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract. In: Lentz GM, Lobo\nRA, Gershenson DM, Katz VL, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed.\nPhiladelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2012:chap 23.\n\nMerritt DF. Vulvovaginitis. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton\nBF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders\nElsevier; 2011:chap 543.\n\n## Read More\n\n * Candida infection of the skin\n * Chronic\n * Diabetes\n * HIV/AIDS\n * Hormone levels\n * Itching\n * Rashes\n * Secondary infections\n * Vagina\n * Vulva\n\n## Update Date 11/10/2013\n\nUpdated by: Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics\nand Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Bellevue, Washington;\nClinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University\nof Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA,\nBethanne Black, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\n\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\n\n * Vaginal Diseases\n * Yeast Infections\n\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Get email updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Quality Guidelines\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210107082605/https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464","parsed_text":{"title":"Yeast infection in men: How can I tell if I have one?","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Yeast infection in men: How can I tell if I have one? - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171008034147/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129","parsed_text":{"title":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Prevention","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Prevention - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20141104033302/https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html","parsed_text":{"title":"yeast infection","passages":["There are two good reasons to learn a bit about the causes of vaginal yeast infections. First, if you have recurring yeast infections, you can figure out what's causing them and then work to prevent them, rather than just working to kill the yeast every time they take over. Second, if you know what kinds of things cause you to get yeast infections, you can be alert for symptoms and treat them early on with the generally-milder do-it-yourself remedies, rather than bombarding your body with drugs.","Vaginal yeast infections are caused by Candida albicans, which, along with a few types of bacteria, are normally present in relatively small numbers in your crotch. Sometimes the yeast multiply rapidly and take over, causing a full-fledged yeast infection, or, in the heart-warming terminology of the medical establishment, candidiasis or monilia. This can be due to a change in the vaginal environment, injury, sexual transmission, or HIV. Common environmental disruptions that favor yeast include increased pH, increased heat and moisture, allergic reactions, elevated sugar levels, hormonal fluxes, and reductions in the populations of bacteria that are normally present. These can generally be traced to a few categories of culprits:","ANTIBIOTICS are probably the leading cause of vaginal yeast infections in American wimmin, and are a great example of the important principle that by using technology to solve problems, we create other problems. Say you take an antibiotic to cure your sinus infection. The antibiotic kills the unwanted bacteria in your sinuses, but can also kill the \"good\" bacteria in your crotch, upsetting the balance of your vaginal ecosystem, allowing the yeast to take over. (Antibacterial deodorant soap can have the same effect.) Most wimmin have problems with only a few types of antibiotics, or with prolonged antiobiotic treatment. Others get yeast infections every time they take antibiotics. Unfortunately, I know of no way of preventing an antibiotic-induced yeast infection; you just have to treat it once it starts.","CLOTHING: crotch yeasties flourish in non-cotton, tight, or dirty clothes that trap heat and moisture. No doubt Xena, Warrior Princess, gets infections all the time from that leather underwear. Your absolutely best bet is to wear a skirt with no underwear or tights, and definitely avoid pantyhose. If you've ever had an urge to go for that sexy thigh-high stocking look but have been too shy, here's the excuse you've been looking for. And if you do wear underwear, your safest bet is unbleached, undyed cotton underwear and breathable clothes. It's a good idea to change your underpants regularly, like maybe once a day. If at all possible, don't sleep in underwear; if you do, put on clean stuff. Yeast can live in your underwear, so be sure to wash it well, particularly during and after a yeast infection. Some medical types think that when you have a yeast infection, you should wash and dry your underwear and then iron it or throw it in the microwave on high for 5 min to kill the yeast. On the other hand, check out this testimonial: \"I wanted to alert your readers that putting underwear in the microwave for 5 minutes is a VERY BAD IDEA... I went off to finish my nightly ablutions, leaving the underwear nuking away. I came back to a little black melted pile and an incredibly difficult to clean microwave.\" There you have it. I personally am going to stick to ironing.","CHEMICALS, such as inks, dyes, and perfumes, can upset the balance in your crotch or trigger allergic reactions that lead to yeast infections. The classic example is commercial douches, which have no benefits and are definitely harmful to the vaginal environment and your health. You know those odor-causing bacteria that their products help you get rid of? Well, they're the same bacteria that kill the yeast in your crotch! On top of that, soaps are not only disruptive to the vaginal environment, but can damage your mucus membranes. You should never soap your crotch. But there are other, less obvious sources of nasty chemicals. For example, i've had serious problems with nasty perfumed toilet paper, like Charmin; 5 days of that and i am yeast central. If you think that's your problem, try an unscented, undyed toilet paper, like Scott. Even better, use a recycled, unbleached eco brand. Similarly, some laundry detergents and fabric softeners have allergenic dyes and perfumes; I invariably get yeast infections from underwear washed in Liquid Tide, and a friend of mine gets them from underwear washed in Wisk. Again, try an eco brand, or something like Arm & Hammer fragrance free detergent. Additives in bubble baths or bath salts, scented tampons or sanitary pads, or (heaven forbid) feminine deodorant sprays, can similarly trigger yeast infections.","CONDOMS can promote yeast infections in two different ways. First, a lot of condoms come packaged with a lubricant that contains nonoxynol-9, a spermicide that may kill the HIV virus. A friend of mine insisted for years that she gets a yeast infection every time she comes in contact with the stuff. Sure enough, several studies have now shown that nonoxynol-9 is linked to yeast infections. If you suspect this is your problem, try using a condom that doesn't have a spermicidal lubricant, and use a different spermicide or additional barrier protection. Condoms can also cause yeast infections if you are allergic to latex, although this is less common. If this is the case, don't give up hope on practicing safer sex. You may want to try some of the newer non-latex (often polyurethane) condoms for boys or girls.","DIET: Some people say that cutting down on yeast-containing foods helps lessen the intensity or frequency of vaginal yeast infections. I don't understand how this could matter, because the kind of yeast that's found in foods like bread or beer is not at all like the yeast found in the vagina. But hey, it can't hurt, and it might help. Similarly, many people believe that high levels of sugar in your diet can contribute to yeast infections, presumably by elevating sugar levels in your urine, giving the yeast more food. I can't see how this could happen in a healthy person, but if you think it's a problem for you, cut down on your sugar and alcohol intake. It is clear that wimmin with poorly controlled diabetes get frequent yeast infections, precisely because of sugar in the urine. If you have frequent yeast infections and have other symptoms of diabetes, like you're always thirsty and you have to urinate often, go see a doctor. Finally, most advocates of dietary causes also list caffeine as a factor. Again, I don't understand the connection and personally can't imagine my life without caffeine, but it's up to you.","HORMONES, both naturally-occurring and artificially introduced, can affect yeast. For example, pregnant wimmin are particularly prone to yeast infections. Many wimmin taking contraceptive pills experience regular yeast infections as their hormone levels fluctuate. I was on the pill for a while, and got a yeast infection every single month, right before my period. Also, whether or not you're on the pill, yeast generally doesn't like the pH of menstrual blood, so mild yeast infections will often go away during your period. Don't count your chickens, though, because the yeast will sometimes rebound as soon as your period is over. Likewise, steroids used in the treatment of disorders like arthritis, asthma, or lupus can contribute to yeast infections.","INJURY to the vulvar or vaginal membranes can lead to a yeast infection. This is almost always due to too much friction with not enough lubrication. In other words, if you or someone else is rubbing something in your vagina or against your crotch, be sure you're really wet. And if you're not wet enough on your own, don't be shy about adding lubrication, but be smart about what you use: oil-based products, like vaseline, break down latex; and even non-oily handcreams contain dyes and perfumes that can cause yeast infections! Spit works, but only for a bit, and some people think it can lead to yeast infections. Your best bet is to use a product designed as a sex lubricant, like K-Y (cheap but nasty), or better yet, Astroglide, Wet, or the like (more expensive, but slipperier and longer-lasting), or, possibly best yet, Sliquid (organic and all-natural!).","SEXUAL TRANSMISSION: Candida can be transmitted between people by direct contact, and so can actually be a sexually-transmitted disease. Lesbian partners are particularly susceptible to passing yeast infections back and forth, so if you or your lover has an active infection you should be extra-careful to follow the safer sex guidelines: wash your hands or change your gloves in between touching your own crotch and your partner's, and keep your toys clean clean clean. And you should be aware that men can get yeast infections, often without obvious symptoms. It's not uncommon for a yeast-infected woman who has unprotected sex with a man to infect her lover, treat her own infection, and then get reinfected next time she has sex with him. If you think your male lover might have a yeast infection, get him some treatment, and practice safe sex at least until both of you are sure that your infections are gone.","WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM: wimmin with compromised immune systems due to HIV or Lyme disease are extremely prone to suffering from yeast infections. In addition to vaginal yeast infections, such people are particularly susceptible to thrush, a yeast infection of the throat, or esophageal yeast infections. The web contains several good fact sheets on candida infections in people with HIV, like those from The Body, Project Inform, the Community Aids Treatment Exchange / Reseau communautaire d'info-traitements sida, and the AIDS Treatment Data Network.","According to a wonderful woman who emailed me, wimmin who are unable to walk can have bad yeast problems, and health care staff don't always do what they should to prevent this problem. Here's what she has to say.","\"Sitting all day provides the perfect environment for growth of yeast and bacteria because the crotch is warm, dark and moist. This situation is further complicated if the disabled person can't do her own personal care or is imprisoned in a nursing home where ignorance abounds among the staff concerning yeast infection prevention. I have learned from doctors and by trial and error how to prevent most internal vaginal and external skin yeast infections with some simple procedures. 1. Thorough washing of the crotch and rectal areas morning and evening with Neutrogena soap. The disabled person should be seated on a shower chair with an open seat or on a toilet. 2. Crotch and rectal areas should be thoroughly rinsed with plenty of warm running water to flush the soap, yeast and bacteria from the skin. Use a shower head or pour warm water from a container. 3. Towel dry and then use a blowdryer set on low to finish drying the skin in the crotch and rectal areas. 4. Apply a little Zesorb powder to the skin in the crotch to absorb perspiration. 5. Avoid sitting on plastic or synthetic materials because they don't absorb perspiration and keep the skin warmer. Try sitting on a real sheepskin that has about an inch of washed and combed wool attached to it. Wool will absorb perspiration and is cooler to sit on. 6. Wear loose fitting cotton underpants and change them two or three times a day to avoid having perspiration dampened underpants in contact with the skin.\"","If you have an active yeast infection, you should refrain from sexual activity that involves vaginal penetration, you should not use tampons, you should not use commercial douches, and you should take extra care to change your underwear and/or menstrual pads often."]},"parsed_md":"yeast infection / causes\n\ncauses wheelchair info warning\n\n# THE BASICS\n\nintroduction causes symptoms\n\n# TREATMENTS\n\ndo-it-yourself over the counter prescription\n\n# SAD BUT TRUE\n\nmen get 'em too\n\n# NUBBINS\n\nfaq thanks legal feedback\n\n# CAUSES OF YEAST INFECTIONS\n\nThere are two good reasons to learn a bit about the causes of vaginal yeast\ninfections. First, if you have recurring yeast infections, you can figure out\nwhat's causing them and then work to prevent them, rather than just working to\nkill the yeast every time they take over. Second, if you know what kinds of\nthings cause you to get yeast infections, you can be alert for symptoms and\ntreat them early on with the generally-milder do-it-yourself remedies, rather\nthan bombarding your body with drugs.\n\nVaginal yeast infections are caused by Candida albicans, which, along with a\nfew types of bacteria, are normally present in relatively small numbers in\nyour crotch. Sometimes the yeast multiply rapidly and take over, causing a\nfull-fledged yeast infection, or, in the heart-warming terminology of the\nmedical establishment, candidiasis or monilia. This can be due to a change in\nthe vaginal environment, injury, sexual transmission, or HIV. Common\nenvironmental disruptions that favor yeast include increased pH, increased\nheat and moisture, allergic reactions, elevated sugar levels, hormonal fluxes,\nand reductions in the populations of bacteria that are normally present. These\ncan generally be traced to a few categories of culprits:\n\n * ANTIBIOTICS are probably the leading cause of vaginal yeast infections in American wimmin, and are a great example of the important principle that by using technology to solve problems, we create other problems. Say you take an antibiotic to cure your sinus infection. The antibiotic kills the unwanted bacteria in your sinuses, but can also kill the \"good\" bacteria in your crotch, upsetting the balance of your vaginal ecosystem, allowing the yeast to take over. (Antibacterial deodorant soap can have the same effect.) Most wimmin have problems with only a few types of antibiotics, or with prolonged antiobiotic treatment. Others get yeast infections every time they take antibiotics. Unfortunately, I know of no way of preventing an antibiotic-induced yeast infection; you just have to treat it once it starts.\n * CLOTHING: crotch yeasties flourish in non-cotton, tight, or dirty clothes that trap heat and moisture. No doubt Xena, Warrior Princess, gets infections all the time from that leather underwear. Your absolutely best bet is to wear a skirt with no underwear or tights, and definitely avoid pantyhose. If you've ever had an urge to go for that sexy thigh-high stocking look but have been too shy, here's the excuse you've been looking for. And if you do wear underwear, your safest bet is unbleached, undyed cotton underwear and breathable clothes. It's a good idea to change your underpants regularly, like maybe once a day. If at all possible, don't sleep in underwear; if you do, put on clean stuff. Yeast can live in your underwear, so be sure to wash it well, particularly during and after a yeast infection. Some medical types think that when you have a yeast infection, you should wash and dry your underwear and then iron it or throw it in the microwave on high for 5 min to kill the yeast. On the other hand, check out this testimonial: \"I wanted to alert your readers that putting underwear in the microwave for 5 minutes is a VERY BAD IDEA... I went off to finish my nightly ablutions, leaving the underwear nuking away. I came back to a little black melted pile and an incredibly difficult to clean microwave.\" There you have it. I personally am going to stick to ironing.\n * CHEMICALS, such as inks, dyes, and perfumes, can upset the balance in your crotch or trigger allergic reactions that lead to yeast infections. The classic example is commercial douches, which have no benefits and are definitely harmful to the vaginal environment and your health. You know those odor-causing bacteria that their products help you get rid of? Well, they're the same bacteria that kill the yeast in your crotch! On top of that, soaps are not only disruptive to the vaginal environment, but can damage your mucus membranes. You should never soap your crotch. But there are other, less obvious sources of nasty chemicals. For example, i've had serious problems with nasty perfumed toilet paper, like Charmin; 5 days of that and i am yeast central. If you think that's your problem, try an unscented, undyed toilet paper, like Scott. Even better, use a recycled, unbleached eco brand. Similarly, some laundry detergents and fabric softeners have allergenic dyes and perfumes; I invariably get yeast infections from underwear washed in Liquid Tide, and a friend of mine gets them from underwear washed in Wisk. Again, try an eco brand, or something like Arm & Hammer fragrance free detergent. Additives in bubble baths or bath salts, scented tampons or sanitary pads, or (heaven forbid) feminine deodorant sprays, can similarly trigger yeast infections.\n * CONDOMS can promote yeast infections in two different ways. First, a lot of condoms come packaged with a lubricant that contains nonoxynol-9, a spermicide that may kill the HIV virus. A friend of mine insisted for years that she gets a yeast infection every time she comes in contact with the stuff. Sure enough, several studies have now shown that nonoxynol-9 is linked to yeast infections. If you suspect this is your problem, try using a condom that doesn't have a spermicidal lubricant, and use a different spermicide or additional barrier protection. Condoms can also cause yeast infections if you are allergic to latex, although this is less common. If this is the case, don't give up hope on practicing safer sex. You may want to try some of the newer non-latex (often polyurethane) condoms for boys or girls.\n * DIET: Some people say that cutting down on yeast-containing foods helps lessen the intensity or frequency of vaginal yeast infections. I don't understand how this could matter, because the kind of yeast that's found in foods like bread or beer is not at all like the yeast found in the vagina. But hey, it can't hurt, and it might help. Similarly, many people believe that high levels of sugar in your diet can contribute to yeast infections, presumably by elevating sugar levels in your urine, giving the yeast more food. I can't see how this could happen in a healthy person, but if you think it's a problem for you, cut down on your sugar and alcohol intake. It is clear that wimmin with poorly controlled diabetes get frequent yeast infections, precisely because of sugar in the urine. If you have frequent yeast infections and have other symptoms of diabetes, like you're always thirsty and you have to urinate often, go see a doctor. Finally, most advocates of dietary causes also list caffeine as a factor. Again, I don't understand the connection and personally can't imagine my life without caffeine, but it's up to you.\n * HORMONES, both naturally-occurring and artificially introduced, can affect yeast. For example, pregnant wimmin are particularly prone to yeast infections. Many wimmin taking contraceptive pills experience regular yeast infections as their hormone levels fluctuate. I was on the pill for a while, and got a yeast infection every single month, right before my period. Also, whether or not you're on the pill, yeast generally doesn't like the pH of menstrual blood, so mild yeast infections will often go away during your period. Don't count your chickens, though, because the yeast will sometimes rebound as soon as your period is over. Likewise, steroids used in the treatment of disorders like arthritis, asthma, or lupus can contribute to yeast infections.\n * INJURY to the vulvar or vaginal membranes can lead to a yeast infection. This is almost always due to too much friction with not enough lubrication. In other words, if you or someone else is rubbing something in your vagina or against your crotch, be sure you're really wet. And if you're not wet enough on your own, don't be shy about adding lubrication, but be smart about what you use: oil-based products, like vaseline, break down latex; and even non-oily handcreams contain dyes and perfumes that can cause yeast infections! Spit works, but only for a bit, and some people think it can lead to yeast infections. Your best bet is to use a product designed as a sex lubricant, like K-Y (cheap but nasty), or better yet, Astroglide, Wet, or the like (more expensive, but slipperier and longer-lasting), or, possibly best yet, Sliquid (organic and all-natural!).\n * SEXUAL TRANSMISSION: Candida can be transmitted between people by direct contact, and so can actually be a sexually-transmitted disease. Lesbian partners are particularly susceptible to passing yeast infections back and forth, so if you or your lover has an active infection you should be extra-careful to follow the safer sex guidelines: wash your hands or change your gloves in between touching your own crotch and your partner's, and keep your toys clean clean clean. And you should be aware that men can get yeast infections, often without obvious symptoms. It's not uncommon for a yeast-infected woman who has unprotected sex with a man to infect her lover, treat her own infection, and then get reinfected next time she has sex with him. If you think your male lover might have a yeast infection, get him some treatment, and practice safe sex at least until both of you are sure that your infections are gone.\n * WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM: wimmin with compromised immune systems due to HIV or Lyme disease are extremely prone to suffering from yeast infections. In addition to vaginal yeast infections, such people are particularly susceptible to thrush, a yeast infection of the throat, or esophageal yeast infections. The web contains several good fact sheets on candida infections in people with HIV, like those from The Body, Project Inform, the Community Aids Treatment Exchange / Reseau communautaire d'info-traitements sida, and the AIDS Treatment Data Network.\n\n# ADVICE FOR WIMMIN IN WHEELCHAIRS\n\nAccording to a wonderful woman who emailed me, wimmin who are unable to walk\ncan have bad yeast problems, and health care staff don't always do what they\nshould to prevent this problem. Here's what she has to say.\n\n\"Sitting all day provides the perfect environment for growth of yeast and\nbacteria because the crotch is warm, dark and moist. This situation is further\ncomplicated if the disabled person can't do her own personal care or is\nimprisoned in a nursing home where ignorance abounds among the staff\nconcerning yeast infection prevention. I have learned from doctors and by\ntrial and error how to prevent most internal vaginal and external skin yeast\ninfections with some simple procedures. 1. Thorough washing of the crotch and\nrectal areas morning and evening with Neutrogena soap. The disabled person\nshould be seated on a shower chair with an open seat or on a toilet. 2. Crotch\nand rectal areas should be thoroughly rinsed with plenty of warm running water\nto flush the soap, yeast and bacteria from the skin. Use a shower head or pour\nwarm water from a container. 3. Towel dry and then use a blowdryer set on low\nto finish drying the skin in the crotch and rectal areas. 4. Apply a little\nZesorb powder to the skin in the crotch to absorb perspiration. 5. Avoid\nsitting on plastic or synthetic materials because they don't absorb\nperspiration and keep the skin warmer. Try sitting on a real sheepskin that\nhas about an inch of washed and combed wool attached to it. Wool will absorb\nperspiration and is cooler to sit on. 6. Wear loose fitting cotton underpants\nand change them two or three times a day to avoid having perspiration dampened\nunderpants in contact with the skin.\"\n\n# WARNING\n\nIf you have an active yeast infection, you should refrain from sexual activity\nthat involves vaginal penetration, you should not use tampons, you should not\nuse commercial douches, and you should take extra care to change your\nunderwear and/or menstrual pads often.\n\nLast page revision = 26 December 2009.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927025646/http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129","parsed_text":{"title":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Alternative medicine","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Alternative medicine - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/treatment/con-20035129","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171012182133/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/treatment/con-20035129","parsed_text":{"title":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Treatments and drugs","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Yeast infection (vaginal) Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003010422/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615","parsed_text":{"title":"Acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) Background","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) Background - Mayo Clinic\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/basics/treatment/con-20022381\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170623072319/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/basics/treatment/con-20022381\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Oral thrush Treatments and drugs\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Oral thrush Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://patient.info:80/health/Candidal-Skin-Infection.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150706210853/http://patient.info:80/health/Candidal-Skin-Infection.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Candidal Skin Infection. Candida of the skin; thrush information\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Candida is a yeast (a type of fungus). Small numbers of candida normally live on the skin and do no harm. Sometimes, under certain conditions, they can multiply and cause infection. The common sites for candida to cause infection are the vagina (vaginal thrush), the mouth (oral thrush), and the skin. This leaflet just deals with candidal skin infections. See separate leaflets called Vaginal thrush and Oral thrush for further details.\",\n \"Usually not. Most infections occur in people who are otherwise healthy (although they are more common if you are overweight). Treatment usually works well. In some people, the candidal skin infection may be the first indication of another condition such as diabetes.\",\n \"Areas of skin that are moist or sweaty are ideal for candida to thrive. Therefore, the common sites affected are in the folds of skin in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. (Another name for inflammation within a fold of skin or under a breast is 'intertrigo'. Candidal infection is a common cause of intertrigo.) Nappy rash is sometimes due to candida. Obese people may develop candidal infection between folds of skin. It can also affect skin between fingers and toes, and the corners of the mouth.\",\n \"If you have a poor immune system. For example, if you have AIDS, or have chemotherapy, or have certain types of serious blood disorder.\",\n \"In affected folds of the skin (under breasts, groin, etc) a typical red rash develops. The rash is usually sore and itchy. Small blister-like swellings may develop on the rash. Skin scale can accumulate on the rash to produce a white- yellow, curd-like substance over the affected area. If the areas between toes or fingers are involved, the affected skin may become thick and macerated (where the skin softens and becomes a whitish colour).\",\n \"Sometimes a mild steroid cream is added to reduce inflammation whilst the antifungal cream is working. (However, a steroid cream alone will make the condition worse as soon as the steroid is stopped.)\",\n \"Always dry well after washing, particularly in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. Some people use a hairdryer to dry these areas after washing to ensure they are dry before putting clothes on.\",\n \"Wear light, loose, absorbent clothing and avoid wool and synthetic fibres. This helps to keep the skin from getting too moist.\",\n \"If you are troubled with repeated infections at the angle of your mouth and you wear dentures, then remove the dentures each night to clean, and then sterilise them overnight.\",\n \"If the infection keeps recurring for no apparent reason, a test to check for sugar (diabetes) may be advised by a doctor.\",\n \"Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. For details see our conditions.\",\n \"I was pretty much born with Ringworm... quite bad Ringworm. I am now 23. The doctors just prescribe me with Terbinafine tablets & Lamisil cream which don't really work. I only get Ringworm when it'...\",\n \"Kindly let me know if the sore smells and if it is hereditary. when cleaning, can the foot be soaked in hotwater and leaned with menthylated spirit after drying?\",\n \"Hi for over a year now I have been suffering from recurrent facial infections particularly around the chin and jaw areas. Sometimes they will get quite bad and get a lot of swelling in the area. Af...\",\n \"was recently prescribed terbinafine for one of toes after 2 month i have had to stop due to being ill it is so horrible\",\n \"I've never had particularly 'good' skin but I've never really had any major problems other than acne when I was younger and the occasional spot now and again. I'm now 32 and at the beginning of thi...\",\n \"Patient is one of the most trusted medical resources online, supplying evidence based information on a wide range of medical and health topics to patients and health professionals.\",\n \"© EMIS Group plc. Registered in England and Wales. Registered number: 06553923 Registered office: Rawdon House, Green Lane, Yeadon, Leeds LS19 7BY Patient is a UK registered trade mark.\",\n \"Trending search phrases: bmi calculator, scarlet fever, blood pressure, cystic fibrosis, pregnancy symptoms, glandular fever, multiple sclerosis, prostate cancer, depression test, rheumatoid arthritis\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Candidal Skin Infection. Candida of the skin; thrush information | Patient\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n# Patient - Trusted medical information and support\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\nWelcome to Patient\\n\\nRegister\\n\\n * Patient Access\\n * Patient\\n * \\\\- MyHealth\\n * \\\\- Forums\\n * \\\\- PatientPro\\n\\n|\\n\\nSign in\\n\\n * Patient Access\\n * Patient\\n * \\\\- MyHealth\\n * \\\\- Forums\\n * \\\\- PatientPro\\n\\nMyHealth | Blogs | Shop | Symptom checker\\n\\nLike us on facebook!\\n\\n 1. Home\\n 2. Health Information\\n 3. Candidal Skin Infection\\n\\n# Candidal Skin Infection\\n\\n139 Users are discussing this topic\\n\\n * Print\\n * PDF\\n * Email\\n * Bookmark Bookmarked Remove?\\n\\nCancel\\n\\nYou must be signed in to bookmark pages\\n\\nView All\\n\\n * Notes\\n\\nCancel\\n\\nYou must be signed into your pro account to make notes\\n\\n * Listen\\n\\n139\\n\\n0\\n\\n0\\n\\n19\\n\\nA rash caused by candida is usually not serious, and is usually easily treated\\nwith an antifungal cream.\\n\\n### Related discussions\\n\\n * Ringworm... The strongest & most effective treatment?! kayleighmhx 1 replies\\n\\n * ATHLETE FOOT: i would like to know if it smells and if it also is hereditary? zeddicus 3 replies\\n\\n * Facial infections around beard area bryan09240 4 replies\\n\\n * Start a discussion\\n\\n## What is candida?\\n\\nCandida is a yeast (a type of fungus). Small numbers of candida normally live\\non the skin and do no harm. Sometimes, under certain conditions, they can\\nmultiply and cause infection. The common sites for candida to cause infection\\nare the vagina (vaginal thrush), the mouth (oral thrush), and the skin. This\\nleaflet just deals with candidal skin infections. See separate leaflets called\\nVaginal thrush and Oral thrush for further details.\\n\\n## Is a candidal skin infection serious?\\n\\nUsually not. Most infections occur in people who are otherwise healthy\\n(although they are more common if you are overweight). Treatment usually works\\nwell. In some people, the candidal skin infection may be the first indication\\nof another condition such as diabetes.\\n\\n### Dr. Sarah Jarvis\\n\\n * Thrush\\n\\n * Embarrassing illnesses\\n\\n * Read more blog posts\\n\\n## Why does candida sometimes multiply and cause infection on the skin?\\n\\nThe chance of a candidal skin infection developing is more likely in the\\nfollowing situations:\\n\\n * Areas of skin that are moist or sweaty are ideal for candida to thrive. Therefore, the common sites affected are in the folds of skin in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. (Another name for inflammation within a fold of skin or under a breast is 'intertrigo'. Candidal infection is a common cause of intertrigo.) Nappy rash is sometimes due to candida. Obese people may develop candidal infection between folds of skin. It can also affect skin between fingers and toes, and the corners of the mouth.\\n * If you have diabetes.\\n * If you take a long course of antibiotics or steroid medication.\\n * If you have a poor immune system. For example, if you have AIDS, or have chemotherapy, or have certain types of serious blood disorder.\\n\\n### Related articles\\n\\n * Oral Thrush in Babies\\n * Oral Thrush\\n * Vaginal Thrush\\n * See more articles\\n\\n## What are the symptoms of a candidal skin infection?\\n\\nIn affected folds of the skin (under breasts, groin, etc) a typical red rash\\ndevelops. The rash is usually sore and itchy. Small blister-like swellings may\\ndevelop on the rash. Skin scale can accumulate on the rash to produce a white-\\nyellow, curd-like substance over the affected area. If the areas between toes\\nor fingers are involved, the affected skin may become thick and macerated\\n(where the skin softens and becomes a whitish colour).\\n\\n### Dr Sarah Jarvis talks about Vaginal Thrush\\n\\nView more patient.info videos\\n\\n## What is the treatment for candidal skin infection?\\n\\n * An antifungal cream usually clears the infection within a week or so.\\n * Sometimes a mild steroid cream is added to reduce inflammation whilst the antifungal cream is working. (However, a steroid cream alone will make the condition worse as soon as the steroid is stopped.)\\n * Occasionally, if the rash is widespread, antifungal tablets are prescribed.\\n\\n## Can candidal skin infections be prevented?\\n\\nTo minimise the risk of a candidal skin infection:\\n\\n * Keep areas likely to be affected as clean and dry as possible.\\n * Always dry well after washing, particularly in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. Some people use a hairdryer to dry these areas after washing to ensure they are dry before putting clothes on.\\n * Wear light, loose, absorbent clothing and avoid wool and synthetic fibres. This helps to keep the skin from getting too moist.\\n * Losing weight may help if obesity is contributing to this problem.\\n * If you are troubled with repeated infections at the angle of your mouth and you wear dentures, then remove the dentures each night to clean, and then sterilise them overnight.\\n\\nIf the infection keeps recurring for no apparent reason, a test to check for\\nsugar (diabetes) may be advised by a doctor.\\n\\nReferences & Disclaimer | Provide Feedback\\n\\n## Further reading & references\\n\\n * Candida - skin; NICE CKS, March 2009\\n * Hidalgo JA et al, Candidiasis, Medscape, May 2012\\n\\nDisclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for\\nthe diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable\\ncare in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy.\\nConsult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment\\nof medical conditions. For details see our conditions.\\n\\nOriginal Author: Dr Tim Kenny| Current Version: Dr Laurence Knott| Peer\\nReviewer: Dr Helen Huins \\n---|---|--- \\nDocument ID: 4451 (v39)| Last Checked: 19/07/2012| Next Review: 19/07/2015 \\n \\n### Also on Patient\\n\\n * Candidiasis PatientPlus\\n\\n * Office workers do it best standing up Wellbeing article\\n\\n * Messages about reducing sugar intake uncle... Wellbeing article\\n\\n * candida Discussion forums\\n\\n * Embarrassing illnesses Blog article\\n\\n * Fruits and juices may have opposite effect... Wellbeing article\\n\\n * candida albicans Discussion forums\\n\\n * Thrush Blog article\\n\\n#### Common searches for this page include: Candida, candida symptoms, candida\\nalbicans, candidasis, candida treatment, what is candida\\n\\n### Join our health community\\n\\nE\\n\\n * 139\\n\\nFungal and Yeast Infections\\n\\n#### The Patient forums\\n\\n#### Helpful advice and support\\n\\nYou’re not alone, reach out to thousands of patients\\n\\n#### Comprehensive\\n\\nDiscussions for nearly every medical condition\\n\\n#### Earn badges and reputation\\n\\nReceive accolades for helping out other members of the community\\n\\nJoin the discussion\\n\\n### Latest discussions\\n\\n * #### Ringworm... The strongest & most effective treatment?!\\n\\nPosted 3 July 2015 at 17:57 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\\n\\nI was pretty much born with Ringworm... quite bad Ringworm. I am now 23. The\\ndoctors just prescribe me with Terbinafine tablets & Lamisil cream which don't\\nreally work. I only get Ringworm when it'...\\n\\n#### kayleighmhx\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * #### ATHLETE FOOT: i would like to know if it smells and if it also is hereditary?\\n\\nPosted 27 June 2015 at 08:58 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\\n\\nKindly let me know if the sore smells and if it is hereditary. when cleaning,\\ncan the foot be soaked in hotwater and leaned with menthylated spirit after\\ndrying?\\n\\n#### zeddicus\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * #### Facial infections around beard area\\n\\nPosted 26 June 2015 at 13:52 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\\n\\nHi for over a year now I have been suffering from recurrent facial infections\\nparticularly around the chin and jaw areas. Sometimes they will get quite bad\\nand get a lot of swelling in the area. Af...\\n\\n#### bryan09240\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * #### terbinafine\\n\\nPosted 20 June 2015 at 13:05 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\\n\\nwas recently prescribed terbinafine for one of toes after 2 month i have had\\nto stop due to being ill it is so horrible\\n\\n#### teri04741\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * #### Will my fungal infection ever go? And are there any alternatives to steroid creams?\\n\\nPosted 18 June 2015 at 19:24 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\\n\\nI've never had particularly 'good' skin but I've never really had any major\\nproblems other than acne when I was younger and the occasional spot now and\\nagain. I'm now 32 and at the beginning of thi...\\n\\n#### pyrrhus\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Trending articles\\n\\n * IBD: Raising awareness and making a difference\\n\\n * 7 big dental health myths - debunked\\n\\n * Office workers do it best standing up\\n\\n * How does the private and NHS dental system work?\\n\\n * We are not alone\\n\\nSee all trending articles »\\n\\nPatient is one of the most trusted medical resources online, supplying\\nevidence based information on a wide range of medical and health topics to\\npatients and health professionals.\\n\\n### Connect with us\\n\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Youtube\\n * Google+\\n * Facebook\\n\\nLike us on Facebook!\\n\\nAbout Us| Media Enquiries| Press Releases| Commercial Opportunities| Advertise\\nWith Us\\n\\n© EMIS Group plc. Registered in England and Wales. Registered number: 06553923\\nRegistered office: Rawdon House, Green Lane, Yeadon, Leeds LS19 7BY Patient is\\na UK registered trade mark.\\n\\nTrending search phrases: bmi calculator, scarlet fever, blood pressure, cystic\\nfibrosis, pregnancy symptoms, glandular fever, multiple sclerosis, prostate\\ncancer, depression test, rheumatoid arthritis\\n\\n### Live Life Well\\n\\nGet our best health articles, tips & recipes once a month.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.emedicinehealth.com/yeast_infection_diaper_rash/article_em.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210212022458/https://www.emedicinehealth.com/yeast_infection_diaper_rash/article_em.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Home Remedies, Treatment & Symptoms\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Most diaper rashes have to do with impairment of skin integrity rather than any specific bacterial or fungal infection. Urine and stool acidity (the latter seen in diarrhea) and chronic wetness coupled with a warm barrier environment are all factors proposed as causes of diaper dermatitis (diaper rash). However, sometimes a superficial skin infection is a factor in diaper rash. The most common infectious cause of diaper rash is Candida albicans (yeast, a fungus).\",\n \"Such a diaper rash can begin with softening and breakdown of the tissue around the anus. The infected area is red and elevated, and fluid may be visible under the skin. Small, raised infected red bumps (satellite pustules) appear at the periphery of the rash. These satellite pustules are characteristic of Candida diaper rash and allow yeast diaper rash to be easily distinguished from other types of diaper rash such as a contact (irritant) diaper rash. Yeast diaper rash can appear on the thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and genitals.\",\n \"Another distribution characteristic of C. albicans diaper distribution is its likelihood to be found in the creases of skin (for example, in the skin folds where the legs join with the pelvis). Generally, contact diaper rash does not involve these regions since the overlapping skin \\\"protects\\\" the area from exposure to noxious irritants.\",\n \"A Candida skin infection can come from the upper gastrointestinal tract, the lower gastrointestinal tract, or exposure from a care provider. A Candida diaper rash can be accompanied by Candida infection of the mouth (thrush). A breastfeeding infant with a thrush infection may inadvertently infect the mother's nipple/areola area. If such an infection is suspected, simple topical medications may be prescribed by her doctor.\",\n \"It goes without saying that the need to wear a diaper is probably the major contributing factor. Cotton underwear is much better suited to breathing and preventing the environment in which yeast thrive -- dark, warm, and moist skin surfaces. Cloth diapers and nonabsorbent disposable diapers both contribute to a favorable environment for yeast growth. Many specialists believe that a yeast infection in the infant's mouth (thrush) is a risk factor for the development of yeast diaper dermatitis. Lastly, recent receipt of oral antibiotics may also encourage overgrowth of intestinal yeast.\",\n \"One-fourth to one-half of babies experience diaper rash. Of these, 15%-50% are due to yeast. Yeast diaper rashes tend to decrease as children get older and end when the infant stops using diapers. The air exposure afforded by underwear lessens the establishment of an infection on macerated skin surfaces. This explains the tongue-in-cheek opinion of pediatricians that a quick cure for diaper rash (contact or infectious) is successful toilet training.\",\n \"If few C. albicans organisms are present, they may not be significant. However, symptoms are aggravated with more extensive infection. One study noted C. albicans was present in 37%-40% patients with diaper rash, suggesting that C. albicans infection from the gastrointestinal tract plays a major role in diaper rash. Another study noted that 30% of healthy infants and 92% of infants with diaper rash had C. albicans in the stool. This reveals a definite relationship between Candida colonization of the stool and diaper dermatitis. However, such information does not reveal the entire picture. The actual presence of C. albicans in the stool in and of itself is not the entire story since a majority of healthy adult intestinal tracts are colonized by C. albicans. These generally asymptomatic (having no symptoms) adults may also develop groin Candida infections should they become immune compromised or suffer from extremely poor hygiene. Several studies have shown promising results of lessening the incidence and severity of Candida infection when probiotics (for example, yogurt with \\\"active cultures\\\") are taken whenever antibiotics are necessary.\",\n \"Antibiotic use can lead to increased growth of Candida species. Thus, the fact that the use of commonly prescribed antibiotics such as amoxicillin increases the risk for developing diaper rash is not surprising. Amoxicillin use in infants decreases the number of bacteria and increases the number of C. albicans.\",\n \"A yeast caused diaper rash is not painful. The characteristic bright red area of skin in the groin and around the anus, including the intertriginous region (the deep folds of skin where the legs attach to the child's torso), is characteristic of a yeast infection diaper rash.\",\n \"Careful examination of the diaper region for the characteristic diaper rash described above allows for rapid diagnosis and treatment. Supportive evidence for a yeast diaper rash diagnosis would be the presence of an oral yeast infection (thrush). Laboratory testing and/or examination by a dermatologist is rarely necessary.\",\n \"The primary treatment for Candida diaper rash involves antifungal topical treatment and decreasing moisture in the diaper area. Nystatin (Mycostatin), clotrimazole (Lotrimin), and miconazole (Micatin, Monistat-Derm) are topical over-the-counter (nonprescription) treatments of equal strength for treating Candida diaper dermatitis. Occasionally, other prescription antifungal creams, such as ketoconazole (Nizoral cream) and econazole (Spectazole) may be necessary. How long treatment should last has not been completely defined, although typically the cream or ointment is applied at each diaper change until the rash is resolved, usually in four to seven days.\",\n \"Because of the intestinal reservoir of Candida species in most patients with yeast diaper rash, some doctors recommend oral antifungal medications in addition to topical creams. No study has definitively answered the question whether oral antifungal medications are helpful.\",\n \"Some dermatologists and pediatric infectious disease specialists point out that the effectiveness of these topical creams has been waning over the last few years. An alternative oral medication (fluconazole [Diflucan]) taken once a day for two weeks can be very effective. Many pediatricians will initially recommend one of the topical medications for ease and simplicity and use fluconazole if topical treatment is not effective.\",\n \"Some studies have indicated that preventing diaper rash may be done by applying barrier creams like zinc oxide (A+D Ointment, Desitin, Diaparene) or petroleum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) to the diaper area after bathing. These products may help to decrease the ambient moisture in the diaper area after bathing or changing a diaper. Gentle cleaning to minimize skin breakdown may also be helpful. Air exposure (for example, no diaper) is also therapeutic.\",\n \"There are several approaches that will be helpful in eradicating and preventing a yeast infection in the diaper area. Air exposure (no diapers) of the skin region is invaluable. The backyard is often a site where the child can be without diapers. The establishment of toilet training is also very helpful. As the child is developmentally ready, the transition from diaper to cotton underwear is beneficial. If diapers are needed, utilizing an absorbent disposable product is superior to either cloth or nonabsorbent disposable diapers. Keeping the diaper area skin clean by rapid diaper changing as indicated is also helpful. Lastly, application of a topical preventative barrier cream such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or zinc oxide (A+D Ointment) are helpful preventive measures.\",\n \"Diaper rashes decrease to the extent that diapered skin can have an environment closer to that of undiapered skin. The less time that infants wear diapers, the less the chance that they develop a diaper rash. However, the need to wear diapers must also be considered. Disposable diapers are associated with fewer cases of yeast diaper rash than are cloth diapers. Disposable diapers have absorbent gelling materials that draw moisture away from delicate skin surfaces. Infants who wear breathable disposable diapers developed significantly fewer diaper rashes of any type than infants who wore standard, non-breathable disposable diapers in a series of clinical trials.\",\n \"An evaluation of past clinical studies conducted before and after the introduction of absorbent gelling materials in diapers confirms that use of these materials has been associated with a definite reduction in the severity of diaper rash. Survival of Candida colonies was reduced by almost two-thirds in the breathable diaper-covered sites compared to the control sites.\",\n \"Betamethasone dipropionate is a fluorinated high-potency topical corticosteroid that is formulated with clotrimazole in the brand-named product Lotrisone. This product is frequently used inappropriately in intertriginous (diaper regions where deep folds of skin overlap) areas. Such potent corticosteroids have no role in the treatment of a Candida diaper rash. The absorption of such a highly potent steroid may produce multiple (and potentially severe) side effects.\",\n \"Prevention and the above-described therapies yield an excellent prognosis for a yeast infection in the diaper area. The naturally recurrent nature of a yeast infection in the diaper area should not be interpreted as a failure of parenting skills. Sometimes it just happens.\",\n \"Topical therapy, including barrier creams and disposable diapers, decreases the incidence and extent of yeast diaper rash. Frequent diaper changes with the superabsorbent disposable diapers create an environment that does not let yeast thrive. Cleaning that is gentle and minimizes skin breakdown can help as well. Air exposure is also helpful.\",\n \"Your doctor may recommend a short course of mild topical steroid cream or ointment if the rash does not appear to be a fungal infection.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Home Remedies, Treatment & Symptoms\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * About Us\\n * Contact Us\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Advertising Policy\\n\\n©2018 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\\n\\nhome children's health centerTopic Guide\\n\\n# Diaper Rash (Candida Yeast Infection) Symptoms, Causes, and Cream Treatments\\nin Babies\\n\\n * Medical Author: John Mersch, MD, FAAP\\n * Medical Editor: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\\n\\nReviewed on 10/4/2019\\n\\n * Definition\\n\\n * What Is a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\\n * Causes\\n\\n * What Are Causes and Risk Factors of Diaper Rash Yeast Infection in Babies?\\n * Are They Common?\\n\\n * Are Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies Common?\\n * Symptoms/Signs\\n\\n * What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\\n * Diagnosis\\n\\n * How Do Doctors Diagnose Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies?\\n * Treatment\\n\\n * How is a Diaper Rash Caused by Yeast Infections Treated?\\n * What Natural Home Remedies Treat a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash in Babies?\\n * Types\\n\\n * Does the Type of Diaper Matter for Yeast Diaper Rashes?\\n * Anti-Yeast Treatment\\n\\n * What Are Anti-Yeast Infection Treatments In Babies?\\n * Healing Time\\n\\n * How Long Does It Take for a Diaper Rash to Heal?\\n * How to Prevent\\n\\n * Is It Possible to Prevent a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\\n * Guide\\n\\n * Diaper Rash (Candida, Yeast Infection) in Babies Topic Guide\\n * Doctor's Notes on Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Symptoms\\n\\n### What Is a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\\n\\nA yeast diaper rash is not painful.\\n\\nMost diaper rashes have to do with impairment of skin integrity rather than\\nany specific bacterial or fungal infection. Urine and stool acidity (the\\nlatter seen in diarrhea) and chronic wetness coupled with a warm barrier\\nenvironment are all factors proposed as causes of diaper dermatitis (diaper\\nrash). However, sometimes a superficial skin infection is a factor in diaper\\nrash. The most common infectious cause of diaper rash is Candida albicans\\n(yeast, a fungus).\\n\\nSuch a diaper rash can begin with softening and breakdown of the tissue around\\nthe anus. The infected area is red and elevated, and fluid may be visible\\nunder the skin. Small, raised infected red bumps (satellite pustules) appear\\nat the periphery of the rash. These satellite pustules are characteristic of\\nCandida diaper rash and allow yeast diaper rash to be easily distinguished\\nfrom other types of diaper rash such as a contact (irritant) diaper rash.\\nYeast diaper rash can appear on the thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and\\ngenitals.\\n\\nAnother distribution characteristic of C. albicans diaper distribution is its\\nlikelihood to be found in the creases of skin (for example, in the skin folds\\nwhere the legs join with the pelvis). Generally, contact diaper rash does not\\ninvolve these regions since the overlapping skin \\\"protects\\\" the area from\\nexposure to noxious irritants.\\n\\nA Candida skin infection can come from the upper gastrointestinal tract, the\\nlower gastrointestinal tract, or exposure from a care provider. A Candida\\ndiaper rash can be accompanied by Candida infection of the mouth (thrush). A\\nbreastfeeding infant with a thrush infection may inadvertently infect the\\nmother's nipple/areola area. If such an infection is suspected, simple topical\\nmedications may be prescribed by her doctor.\\n\\n### What Are Causes and Risk Factors of Diaper Rash Yeast Infection in Babies?\\n\\nIt goes without saying that the need to wear a diaper is probably the major\\ncontributing factor. Cotton underwear is much better suited to breathing and\\npreventing the environment in which yeast thrive -- dark, warm, and moist skin\\nsurfaces. Cloth diapers and nonabsorbent disposable diapers both contribute to\\na favorable environment for yeast growth. Many specialists believe that a\\nyeast infection in the infant's mouth (thrush) is a risk factor for the\\ndevelopment of yeast diaper dermatitis. Lastly, recent receipt of oral\\nantibiotics may also encourage overgrowth of intestinal yeast.\\n\\n### Are Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies Common?\\n\\nOne-fourth to one-half of babies experience diaper rash. Of these, 15%-50% are\\ndue to yeast. Yeast diaper rashes tend to decrease as children get older and\\nend when the infant stops using diapers. The air exposure afforded by\\nunderwear lessens the establishment of an infection on macerated skin\\nsurfaces. This explains the tongue-in-cheek opinion of pediatricians that a\\nquick cure for diaper rash (contact or infectious) is successful toilet\\ntraining.\\n\\nIf few C. albicans organisms are present, they may not be significant.\\nHowever, symptoms are aggravated with more extensive infection. One study\\nnoted C. albicans was present in 37%-40% patients with diaper rash, suggesting\\nthat C. albicans infection from the gastrointestinal tract plays a major role\\nin diaper rash. Another study noted that 30% of healthy infants and 92% of\\ninfants with diaper rash had C. albicans in the stool. This reveals a definite\\nrelationship between Candida colonization of the stool and diaper dermatitis.\\nHowever, such information does not reveal the entire picture. The actual\\npresence of C. albicans in the stool in and of itself is not the entire story\\nsince a majority of healthy adult intestinal tracts are colonized by C.\\nalbicans. These generally asymptomatic (having no symptoms) adults may also\\ndevelop groin Candida infections should they become immune compromised or\\nsuffer from extremely poor hygiene. Several studies have shown promising\\nresults of lessening the incidence and severity of Candida infection when\\nprobiotics (for example, yogurt with \\\"active cultures\\\") are taken whenever\\nantibiotics are necessary.\\n\\nAntibiotic use can lead to increased growth of Candida species. Thus, the fact\\nthat the use of commonly prescribed antibiotics such as amoxicillin increases\\nthe risk for developing diaper rash is not surprising. Amoxicillin use in\\ninfants decreases the number of bacteria and increases the number of C.\\nalbicans.\\n\\n#### SLIDESHOW\\n\\nHealthy Eating for Kids - Recipes and Meal Ideas See Slideshow\\n\\n### What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\\n\\nA yeast caused diaper rash is not painful. The characteristic bright red area\\nof skin in the groin and around the anus, including the intertriginous region\\n(the deep folds of skin where the legs attach to the child's torso), is\\ncharacteristic of a yeast infection diaper rash.\\n\\n### How Do Doctors Diagnose Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies?\\n\\nCareful examination of the diaper region for the characteristic diaper rash\\ndescribed above allows for rapid diagnosis and treatment. Supportive evidence\\nfor a yeast diaper rash diagnosis would be the presence of an oral yeast\\ninfection (thrush). Laboratory testing and/or examination by a dermatologist\\nis rarely necessary.\\n\\n### How is a Diaper Rash Caused by Yeast Infections Treated?\\n\\nThe primary treatment for Candida diaper rash involves antifungal topical\\ntreatment and decreasing moisture in the diaper area. Nystatin (Mycostatin),\\nclotrimazole (Lotrimin), and miconazole (Micatin, Monistat-Derm) are topical\\nover-the-counter (nonprescription) treatments of equal strength for treating\\nCandida diaper dermatitis. Occasionally, other prescription antifungal creams,\\nsuch as ketoconazole (Nizoral cream) and econazole (Spectazole) may be\\nnecessary. How long treatment should last has not been completely defined,\\nalthough typically the cream or ointment is applied at each diaper change\\nuntil the rash is resolved, usually in four to seven days.\\n\\nBecause of the intestinal reservoir of Candida species in most patients with\\nyeast diaper rash, some doctors recommend oral antifungal medications in\\naddition to topical creams. No study has definitively answered the question\\nwhether oral antifungal medications are helpful.\\n\\nSome dermatologists and pediatric infectious disease specialists point out\\nthat the effectiveness of these topical creams has been waning over the last\\nfew years. An alternative oral medication (fluconazole [Diflucan]) taken once\\na day for two weeks can be very effective. Many pediatricians will initially\\nrecommend one of the topical medications for ease and simplicity and use\\nfluconazole if topical treatment is not effective.\\n\\nSome studies have indicated that preventing diaper rash may be done by\\napplying barrier creams like zinc oxide (A+D Ointment, Desitin, Diaparene) or\\npetroleum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) to the diaper area after bathing. These\\nproducts may help to decrease the ambient moisture in the diaper area after\\nbathing or changing a diaper. Gentle cleaning to minimize skin breakdown may\\nalso be helpful. Air exposure (for example, no diaper) is also therapeutic.\\n\\n#### Bad Bugs and Their Bites\\n\\n#### Sex Drive Killers\\n\\n#### Cancerous Tumors\\n\\n#### Multiple Sclerosis\\n\\n#### Adult Skin Problems\\n\\n#### Habits That Wreck Your Teeth\\n\\n#### Manage Diabetes in 10 Minutes\\n\\n#### Erectile Dysfunction\\n\\n#### Type 2 Diabetes Warning Signs\\n\\n#### Health Benefits of Sex\\n\\n#### Scalp, Hair and Nails\\n\\n#### ADHD Symptoms in Children?\\n\\n### What Natural Home Remedies Treat a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash in Babies?\\n\\nThere are several approaches that will be helpful in eradicating and\\npreventing a yeast infection in the diaper area. Air exposure (no diapers) of\\nthe skin region is invaluable. The backyard is often a site where the child\\ncan be without diapers. The establishment of toilet training is also very\\nhelpful. As the child is developmentally ready, the transition from diaper to\\ncotton underwear is beneficial. If diapers are needed, utilizing an absorbent\\ndisposable product is superior to either cloth or nonabsorbent disposable\\ndiapers. Keeping the diaper area skin clean by rapid diaper changing as\\nindicated is also helpful. Lastly, application of a topical preventative\\nbarrier cream such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or zinc oxide (A+D Ointment)\\nare helpful preventive measures.\\n\\n### Does the Type of Diaper Matter for Yeast Diaper Rashes?\\n\\nDiaper rashes decrease to the extent that diapered skin can have an\\nenvironment closer to that of undiapered skin. The less time that infants wear\\ndiapers, the less the chance that they develop a diaper rash. However, the\\nneed to wear diapers must also be considered. Disposable diapers are\\nassociated with fewer cases of yeast diaper rash than are cloth diapers.\\nDisposable diapers have absorbent gelling materials that draw moisture away\\nfrom delicate skin surfaces. Infants who wear breathable disposable diapers\\ndeveloped significantly fewer diaper rashes of any type than infants who wore\\nstandard, non-breathable disposable diapers in a series of clinical trials.\\n\\nAn evaluation of past clinical studies conducted before and after the\\nintroduction of absorbent gelling materials in diapers confirms that use of\\nthese materials has been associated with a definite reduction in the severity\\nof diaper rash. Survival of Candida colonies was reduced by almost two-thirds\\nin the breathable diaper-covered sites compared to the control sites.\\n\\n##### YOU MAY ALSO LIKE\\n\\nVIEW\\n\\nSimple Tips to Keep Baby's Skin Healthy\\n\\n### What Are Anti-Yeast Infection Treatments In Babies?\\n\\nBetamethasone dipropionate is a fluorinated high-potency topical\\ncorticosteroid that is formulated with clotrimazole in the brand-named product\\nLotrisone. This product is frequently used inappropriately in intertriginous\\n(diaper regions where deep folds of skin overlap) areas. Such potent\\ncorticosteroids have no role in the treatment of a Candida diaper rash. The\\nabsorption of such a highly potent steroid may produce multiple (and\\npotentially severe) side effects.\\n\\n### How Long Does It Take for a Diaper Rash to Heal?\\n\\nPrevention and the above-described therapies yield an excellent prognosis for\\na yeast infection in the diaper area. The naturally recurrent nature of a\\nyeast infection in the diaper area should not be interpreted as a failure of\\nparenting skills. Sometimes it just happens.\\n\\n### Is It Possible to Prevent a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\\n\\nTopical therapy, including barrier creams and disposable diapers, decreases\\nthe incidence and extent of yeast diaper rash. Frequent diaper changes with\\nthe superabsorbent disposable diapers create an environment that does not let\\nyeast thrive. Cleaning that is gentle and minimizes skin breakdown can help as\\nwell. Air exposure is also helpful.\\n\\n## Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\\n\\n * Penis Curved When Erect\\n * Could I have CAD?\\n * Treat Bent Fingers\\n * Top Transitional Care\\n * Tools to Improve Health\\n * Living With Psoriasis?\\n\\n### From\\n\\n##### Parenting and Newborn Resources\\n\\n * Could Your Child Have Type 1 Diabetes?\\n\\n##### Featured Centers\\n\\n * Good and Bad Foods for Psoriasis\\n * Video: Getting Personal on Life With MS\\n\\n##### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\\n\\n * Shot-Free MS Treatment\\n * Your Child and COVID-19\\n\\n### Diaper Rash Treatment\\n\\n * If the child (or adult) appears to have a candidal infection, the doctor may recommend antifungal creams or medicines.\\n * If the child has impetigo (a bacterial infection), antibiotics may be prescribed.\\n * Your doctor may recommend a short course of mild topical steroid cream or ointment if the rash does not appear to be a fungal infection.\\n\\nRead more about the various types of diaper rashes »\\n\\nReviewed on 10/4/2019\\n\\nReferences\\n\\nCandidiasis. CDC. Updated: Apr 12, 2019.\\n.\\n\\nCONTINUE SCROLLING FOR RELATED SLIDESHOW\\n\\n©2021 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171013120240/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Symptoms\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Symptoms - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201025215931/https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Baby Yeast Infections Pictures\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Thrush is a yeast infection that causes white patches in the mouth and on the tongue. Thrush is most common in babies and older adults, but it can occur at any age.\",\n \"In babies, it is easy to mistake thrush for milk or formula. It looks like cottage cheese or milk curds. Don't try to wipe away these patches, because you can make them red and sore. Some babies with thrush can be cranky and do not want to eat.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Baby Yeast Infections Pictures - MedicineNet\\n\\n * MedicineNet\\n\\n * SEARCH\\n * SYMPTOM CHECKER\\n\\nhome/healthy kids center/ healthy kids a-z list/ image collection a-z list/\\nbaby yeast infections picture article\\n\\n# Fungal Skin Infections\\n\\n### Picture of Baby Yeast Infections\\n\\nThrush is a yeast infection that causes white patches in the mouth and on the\\ntongue. Thrush is most common in babies and older adults, but it can occur at\\nany age.\\n\\nIn babies, it is easy to mistake thrush for milk or formula. It looks like\\ncottage cheese or milk curds. Don't try to wipe away these patches, because\\nyou can make them red and sore. Some babies with thrush can be cranky and do\\nnot want to eat.\\n\\nImage: Advertisement\\n\\nText: \\\"Thrush - Topic Overview\\\", WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise\\n\\n * MedicineNet\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160704212635/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Vaginal yeast infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Most women have a vaginal yeast infection at some time. Candida albicans is a common type of fungus. It is often found in small amounts in the vagina, mouth, digestive tract, and on the skin. Most of the time, it does not cause infection or symptoms.\",\n \"Candida and the many other germs that normally live in the vagina keep each other in balance. However, sometimes the number of Candida increases, leading to a yeast infection.\",\n \"A yeast infection is not spread through sexual contact. However, some men will develop symptoms such as itching and a rash on the penis after having sexual contact with an infected partner.\",\n \"Having many vaginal yeast infections may be a sign of other health problems. Other vaginal infections and discharges can be mistaken for a vaginal yeast infection.\",\n \"A small amount of the vaginal discharge is examined using a microscope. This is called a wet mount and KOH test.\",\n \"Medicines to treat vaginal yeast infections are available as creams, ointments, vaginal tablets or suppositories. Most can be bought without needing to see your health care provider.\",\n \"You will need to take the medicine for 1 - 7 days, depending on which medicine you buy. (If you do not get repeated infections, a 1-day medicine might work for you.)\",\n \"Keep your genital area clean and dry. Avoid soap and rinse with water only. Sitting in a warm, but not hot, bath may help your symptoms.\",\n \"Avoid douching. Although many women feel cleaner if they douche after their period or intercourse, it may worsen vaginal discharge. Douching removes healthy bacteria lining the vagina that protect against infection.\",\n \"Eat yogurt with live cultures or take Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets when you are on antibiotics. This will help to prevent a yeast infection.\",\n \"Wear cotton underwear or cotton-crotch pantyhose. Avoid underwear made of silk or nylon, because they can increase sweating in the genital area, which can cause irritation.\",\n \"Avoid wearing wet bathing suits or exercise clothing for long periods of time. Wash sweaty or wet clothes after each use.\",\n \"Repeat infections that occur right after treatment, or a yeast infection that does not respond well to treatment, may be an early sign of diabetes or rarely, HIV.\",\n \"Eckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract. In: Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Katz VL, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2012:chap 23.\",\n \"A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\",\n \"The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Vaginal yeast infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\\n\\nSkip navigation\\n\\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\\n\\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\\n\\n * Health Topics\\n * Drugs & Supplements\\n * Videos & Tools\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n * Site Map\\n * FAQs\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Health Topics\\n * Drugs & Supplements\\n * Videos & Tools\\n\\nEspañol\\n\\nYou Are Here:\\n\\nHome →\\n\\nMedical Encyclopedia →\\n\\nVaginal yeast infection\\n\\nURL of this page: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm\\n\\n# Vaginal yeast infection\\n\\nVaginal yeast infection is an infection of the vagina. It is most commonly due\\nto the fungus Candida albicans.\\n\\n## Causes\\n\\nMost women have a vaginal yeast infection at some time. Candida albicans is a\\ncommon type of fungus. It is often found in small amounts in the vagina,\\nmouth, digestive tract, and on the skin. Most of the time, it does not cause\\ninfection or symptoms.\\n\\nCandida and the many other germs that normally live in the vagina keep each\\nother in balance. However, sometimes the number of Candida increases, leading\\nto a yeast infection.\\n\\nThis can happen if:\\n\\n * You are taking antibiotics used to treat another infection. Antibiotics change the normal balance between germs in the vagina.\\n * You are pregnant\\n * You are obese\\n * You have diabetes\\n\\nA yeast infection is not spread through sexual contact. However, some men will\\ndevelop symptoms such as itching and a rash on the penis after having sexual\\ncontact with an infected partner.\\n\\nHaving many vaginal yeast infections may be a sign of other health problems.\\nOther vaginal infections and discharges can be mistaken for a vaginal yeast\\ninfection.\\n\\n## Symptoms\\n\\n * Abnormal vaginal discharge. Discharge can range from slightly watery, white discharge to thick, white, and chunky (like cottage cheese).\\n * Itching and burning of the vagina and labia\\n * Pain with intercourse\\n * Painful urination\\n * Redness and swelling of the skin just outside of the vagina (vulva)\\n\\n## Exams and Tests\\n\\nYou will have a pelvic exam. It may show:\\n\\n * Swelling and redness of the skin of the vulva, in the vagina, and on the cervix\\n * Dry, white spots on the vaginal wall\\n * Cracks in the skin of the vulva.\\n\\nA small amount of the vaginal discharge is examined using a microscope. This\\nis called a wet mount and KOH test.\\n\\nSometimes, a culture is taken when the infection does not get better with\\ntreatment or comes back many times.\\n\\nYour health care provider may order other tests to rule out other causes of\\nyour symptoms.\\n\\n## Treatment\\n\\nMedicines to treat vaginal yeast infections are available as creams,\\nointments, vaginal tablets or suppositories. Most can be bought without\\nneeding to see your health care provider.\\n\\nTreating yourself at home is probably OK if:\\n\\n * Your symptoms are mild and you do not have pelvic pain or a fever\\n * This is not your first yeast infection and you have not had many yeast infections in the past\\n * You are not pregnant\\n * You are not worried about other sexually transmitted infections from recent sexual contact\\n\\nMedicines you can buy yourself to treat a vaginal yeast infection are:\\n\\n * Miconazole\\n * Clotrimazole\\n * Tioconazole\\n * Butoconazole\\n\\nWhen using these medicines:\\n\\n * Read the packages carefully and use them as directed.\\n * You will need to take the medicine for 1 - 7 days, depending on which medicine you buy. (If you do not get repeated infections, a 1-day medicine might work for you.)\\n * Do not stop using these medicines early because your symptoms are better.\\n\\nYou doctor can also prescribe a pill that you only take by mouth once.\\n\\nIf your symptoms are worse or you get vaginal yeast infections often, you may\\nneed:\\n\\n * Medicine for up to 14 days\\n * Clotrimazole vaginal suppository or fluconazole pill every week to prevent new infections\\n\\nTo help prevent and treat vaginal discharge:\\n\\n * Keep your genital area clean and dry. Avoid soap and rinse with water only. Sitting in a warm, but not hot, bath may help your symptoms.\\n * Avoid douching. Although many women feel cleaner if they douche after their period or intercourse, it may worsen vaginal discharge. Douching removes healthy bacteria lining the vagina that protect against infection.\\n * Eat yogurt with live cultures or take Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets when you are on antibiotics. This will help to prevent a yeast infection.\\n * Use condoms to avoid catching or spreading infections.\\n * Avoid using feminine hygiene sprays, fragrances, or powders in the genital area.\\n * Avoid wearing tight-fitting pants or shorts, which may cause irritation.\\n * Wear cotton underwear or cotton-crotch pantyhose. Avoid underwear made of silk or nylon, because they can increase sweating in the genital area, which can cause irritation.\\n * Use pads and not tampons.\\n * Keep your blood sugar levels under good control if you have diabetes.\\n * Avoid wearing wet bathing suits or exercise clothing for long periods of time. Wash sweaty or wet clothes after each use.\\n\\n## Outlook (Prognosis)\\n\\nMost of the time, symptoms go away completely with proper treatment.\\n\\n## Possible Complications\\n\\nA lot of scratching may cause the skin to crack, making you more likely to get\\na skin infection.\\n\\nRepeat infections that occur right after treatment, or a yeast infection that\\ndoes not respond well to treatment, may be an early sign of diabetes or\\nrarely, HIV.\\n\\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\\n\\nCall your health care provider if:\\n\\n * This is the first time that you have had symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection\\n * You are not sure if you have a yeast infection\\n * Your symptoms don't go away after using over-the-counter medicines\\n * Your symptoms get worse\\n * You develop other symptoms\\n\\n## Alternative Names\\n\\nYeast infection - vagina; Vaginal candidiasis; Monilial vaginitis\\n\\n## Images\\n\\n * Candida, fluorescent stain\\n * Female reproductive anatomy\\n * Yeast infections\\n * Secondary infection\\n * Uterus\\n * Normal uterine anatomy (cut section)\\n\\n## References\\n\\nBiggs WS, Williams RM. Common gynecologic infections. Prim Care\\n\\nHabif TP. Superficial fungal infections. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical\\nDermatology. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 13.\\n\\nEckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract. In: Lentz GM, Lobo\\nRA, Gershenson DM, Katz VL, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed.\\nPhiladelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2012:chap 23.\\n\\nMerritt DF. Vulvovaginitis. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton\\nBF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders\\nElsevier; 2011:chap 543.\\n\\n## Read More\\n\\n * Candida infection of the skin\\n * Chronic\\n * Diabetes\\n * HIV/AIDS\\n * Hormone levels\\n * Itching\\n * Rashes\\n * Secondary infections\\n * Vagina\\n * Vulva\\n\\n## Update Date 11/10/2013\\n\\nUpdated by: Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics\\nand Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Bellevue, Washington;\\nClinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University\\nof Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA,\\nBethanne Black, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\\n\\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\\n\\n * Vaginal Diseases\\n * Yeast Infections\\n\\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\\n\\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\\n\\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\\n\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n * Site Map\\n * FAQs\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Get email updates\\n * Subscribe to RSS\\n * Follow us\\n\\n * Disclaimers\\n * Copyright\\n * Privacy\\n * Accessibility\\n * Quality Guidelines\\n * Viewers & Players\\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\\n * For Developers\\n\\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\\n\\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210107082605/https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Yeast infection in men: How can I tell if I have one?\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Yeast infection in men: How can I tell if I have one? - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171008034147/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Prevention\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Prevention - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20141104033302/https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"yeast infection\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"There are two good reasons to learn a bit about the causes of vaginal yeast infections. First, if you have recurring yeast infections, you can figure out what's causing them and then work to prevent them, rather than just working to kill the yeast every time they take over. Second, if you know what kinds of things cause you to get yeast infections, you can be alert for symptoms and treat them early on with the generally-milder do-it-yourself remedies, rather than bombarding your body with drugs.\",\n \"Vaginal yeast infections are caused by Candida albicans, which, along with a few types of bacteria, are normally present in relatively small numbers in your crotch. Sometimes the yeast multiply rapidly and take over, causing a full-fledged yeast infection, or, in the heart-warming terminology of the medical establishment, candidiasis or monilia. This can be due to a change in the vaginal environment, injury, sexual transmission, or HIV. Common environmental disruptions that favor yeast include increased pH, increased heat and moisture, allergic reactions, elevated sugar levels, hormonal fluxes, and reductions in the populations of bacteria that are normally present. These can generally be traced to a few categories of culprits:\",\n \"ANTIBIOTICS are probably the leading cause of vaginal yeast infections in American wimmin, and are a great example of the important principle that by using technology to solve problems, we create other problems. Say you take an antibiotic to cure your sinus infection. The antibiotic kills the unwanted bacteria in your sinuses, but can also kill the \\\"good\\\" bacteria in your crotch, upsetting the balance of your vaginal ecosystem, allowing the yeast to take over. (Antibacterial deodorant soap can have the same effect.) Most wimmin have problems with only a few types of antibiotics, or with prolonged antiobiotic treatment. Others get yeast infections every time they take antibiotics. Unfortunately, I know of no way of preventing an antibiotic-induced yeast infection; you just have to treat it once it starts.\",\n \"CLOTHING: crotch yeasties flourish in non-cotton, tight, or dirty clothes that trap heat and moisture. No doubt Xena, Warrior Princess, gets infections all the time from that leather underwear. Your absolutely best bet is to wear a skirt with no underwear or tights, and definitely avoid pantyhose. If you've ever had an urge to go for that sexy thigh-high stocking look but have been too shy, here's the excuse you've been looking for. And if you do wear underwear, your safest bet is unbleached, undyed cotton underwear and breathable clothes. It's a good idea to change your underpants regularly, like maybe once a day. If at all possible, don't sleep in underwear; if you do, put on clean stuff. Yeast can live in your underwear, so be sure to wash it well, particularly during and after a yeast infection. Some medical types think that when you have a yeast infection, you should wash and dry your underwear and then iron it or throw it in the microwave on high for 5 min to kill the yeast. On the other hand, check out this testimonial: \\\"I wanted to alert your readers that putting underwear in the microwave for 5 minutes is a VERY BAD IDEA... I went off to finish my nightly ablutions, leaving the underwear nuking away. I came back to a little black melted pile and an incredibly difficult to clean microwave.\\\" There you have it. I personally am going to stick to ironing.\",\n \"CHEMICALS, such as inks, dyes, and perfumes, can upset the balance in your crotch or trigger allergic reactions that lead to yeast infections. The classic example is commercial douches, which have no benefits and are definitely harmful to the vaginal environment and your health. You know those odor-causing bacteria that their products help you get rid of? Well, they're the same bacteria that kill the yeast in your crotch! On top of that, soaps are not only disruptive to the vaginal environment, but can damage your mucus membranes. You should never soap your crotch. But there are other, less obvious sources of nasty chemicals. For example, i've had serious problems with nasty perfumed toilet paper, like Charmin; 5 days of that and i am yeast central. If you think that's your problem, try an unscented, undyed toilet paper, like Scott. Even better, use a recycled, unbleached eco brand. Similarly, some laundry detergents and fabric softeners have allergenic dyes and perfumes; I invariably get yeast infections from underwear washed in Liquid Tide, and a friend of mine gets them from underwear washed in Wisk. Again, try an eco brand, or something like Arm & Hammer fragrance free detergent. Additives in bubble baths or bath salts, scented tampons or sanitary pads, or (heaven forbid) feminine deodorant sprays, can similarly trigger yeast infections.\",\n \"CONDOMS can promote yeast infections in two different ways. First, a lot of condoms come packaged with a lubricant that contains nonoxynol-9, a spermicide that may kill the HIV virus. A friend of mine insisted for years that she gets a yeast infection every time she comes in contact with the stuff. Sure enough, several studies have now shown that nonoxynol-9 is linked to yeast infections. If you suspect this is your problem, try using a condom that doesn't have a spermicidal lubricant, and use a different spermicide or additional barrier protection. Condoms can also cause yeast infections if you are allergic to latex, although this is less common. If this is the case, don't give up hope on practicing safer sex. You may want to try some of the newer non-latex (often polyurethane) condoms for boys or girls.\",\n \"DIET: Some people say that cutting down on yeast-containing foods helps lessen the intensity or frequency of vaginal yeast infections. I don't understand how this could matter, because the kind of yeast that's found in foods like bread or beer is not at all like the yeast found in the vagina. But hey, it can't hurt, and it might help. Similarly, many people believe that high levels of sugar in your diet can contribute to yeast infections, presumably by elevating sugar levels in your urine, giving the yeast more food. I can't see how this could happen in a healthy person, but if you think it's a problem for you, cut down on your sugar and alcohol intake. It is clear that wimmin with poorly controlled diabetes get frequent yeast infections, precisely because of sugar in the urine. If you have frequent yeast infections and have other symptoms of diabetes, like you're always thirsty and you have to urinate often, go see a doctor. Finally, most advocates of dietary causes also list caffeine as a factor. Again, I don't understand the connection and personally can't imagine my life without caffeine, but it's up to you.\",\n \"HORMONES, both naturally-occurring and artificially introduced, can affect yeast. For example, pregnant wimmin are particularly prone to yeast infections. Many wimmin taking contraceptive pills experience regular yeast infections as their hormone levels fluctuate. I was on the pill for a while, and got a yeast infection every single month, right before my period. Also, whether or not you're on the pill, yeast generally doesn't like the pH of menstrual blood, so mild yeast infections will often go away during your period. Don't count your chickens, though, because the yeast will sometimes rebound as soon as your period is over. Likewise, steroids used in the treatment of disorders like arthritis, asthma, or lupus can contribute to yeast infections.\",\n \"INJURY to the vulvar or vaginal membranes can lead to a yeast infection. This is almost always due to too much friction with not enough lubrication. In other words, if you or someone else is rubbing something in your vagina or against your crotch, be sure you're really wet. And if you're not wet enough on your own, don't be shy about adding lubrication, but be smart about what you use: oil-based products, like vaseline, break down latex; and even non-oily handcreams contain dyes and perfumes that can cause yeast infections! Spit works, but only for a bit, and some people think it can lead to yeast infections. Your best bet is to use a product designed as a sex lubricant, like K-Y (cheap but nasty), or better yet, Astroglide, Wet, or the like (more expensive, but slipperier and longer-lasting), or, possibly best yet, Sliquid (organic and all-natural!).\",\n \"SEXUAL TRANSMISSION: Candida can be transmitted between people by direct contact, and so can actually be a sexually-transmitted disease. Lesbian partners are particularly susceptible to passing yeast infections back and forth, so if you or your lover has an active infection you should be extra-careful to follow the safer sex guidelines: wash your hands or change your gloves in between touching your own crotch and your partner's, and keep your toys clean clean clean. And you should be aware that men can get yeast infections, often without obvious symptoms. It's not uncommon for a yeast-infected woman who has unprotected sex with a man to infect her lover, treat her own infection, and then get reinfected next time she has sex with him. If you think your male lover might have a yeast infection, get him some treatment, and practice safe sex at least until both of you are sure that your infections are gone.\",\n \"WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM: wimmin with compromised immune systems due to HIV or Lyme disease are extremely prone to suffering from yeast infections. In addition to vaginal yeast infections, such people are particularly susceptible to thrush, a yeast infection of the throat, or esophageal yeast infections. The web contains several good fact sheets on candida infections in people with HIV, like those from The Body, Project Inform, the Community Aids Treatment Exchange / Reseau communautaire d'info-traitements sida, and the AIDS Treatment Data Network.\",\n \"According to a wonderful woman who emailed me, wimmin who are unable to walk can have bad yeast problems, and health care staff don't always do what they should to prevent this problem. Here's what she has to say.\",\n \"\\\"Sitting all day provides the perfect environment for growth of yeast and bacteria because the crotch is warm, dark and moist. This situation is further complicated if the disabled person can't do her own personal care or is imprisoned in a nursing home where ignorance abounds among the staff concerning yeast infection prevention. I have learned from doctors and by trial and error how to prevent most internal vaginal and external skin yeast infections with some simple procedures. 1. Thorough washing of the crotch and rectal areas morning and evening with Neutrogena soap. The disabled person should be seated on a shower chair with an open seat or on a toilet. 2. Crotch and rectal areas should be thoroughly rinsed with plenty of warm running water to flush the soap, yeast and bacteria from the skin. Use a shower head or pour warm water from a container. 3. Towel dry and then use a blowdryer set on low to finish drying the skin in the crotch and rectal areas. 4. Apply a little Zesorb powder to the skin in the crotch to absorb perspiration. 5. Avoid sitting on plastic or synthetic materials because they don't absorb perspiration and keep the skin warmer. Try sitting on a real sheepskin that has about an inch of washed and combed wool attached to it. Wool will absorb perspiration and is cooler to sit on. 6. Wear loose fitting cotton underpants and change them two or three times a day to avoid having perspiration dampened underpants in contact with the skin.\\\"\",\n \"If you have an active yeast infection, you should refrain from sexual activity that involves vaginal penetration, you should not use tampons, you should not use commercial douches, and you should take extra care to change your underwear and/or menstrual pads often.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"yeast infection / causes\\n\\ncauses wheelchair info warning\\n\\n# THE BASICS\\n\\nintroduction causes symptoms\\n\\n# TREATMENTS\\n\\ndo-it-yourself over the counter prescription\\n\\n# SAD BUT TRUE\\n\\nmen get 'em too\\n\\n# NUBBINS\\n\\nfaq thanks legal feedback\\n\\n# CAUSES OF YEAST INFECTIONS\\n\\nThere are two good reasons to learn a bit about the causes of vaginal yeast\\ninfections. First, if you have recurring yeast infections, you can figure out\\nwhat's causing them and then work to prevent them, rather than just working to\\nkill the yeast every time they take over. Second, if you know what kinds of\\nthings cause you to get yeast infections, you can be alert for symptoms and\\ntreat them early on with the generally-milder do-it-yourself remedies, rather\\nthan bombarding your body with drugs.\\n\\nVaginal yeast infections are caused by Candida albicans, which, along with a\\nfew types of bacteria, are normally present in relatively small numbers in\\nyour crotch. Sometimes the yeast multiply rapidly and take over, causing a\\nfull-fledged yeast infection, or, in the heart-warming terminology of the\\nmedical establishment, candidiasis or monilia. This can be due to a change in\\nthe vaginal environment, injury, sexual transmission, or HIV. Common\\nenvironmental disruptions that favor yeast include increased pH, increased\\nheat and moisture, allergic reactions, elevated sugar levels, hormonal fluxes,\\nand reductions in the populations of bacteria that are normally present. These\\ncan generally be traced to a few categories of culprits:\\n\\n * ANTIBIOTICS are probably the leading cause of vaginal yeast infections in American wimmin, and are a great example of the important principle that by using technology to solve problems, we create other problems. Say you take an antibiotic to cure your sinus infection. The antibiotic kills the unwanted bacteria in your sinuses, but can also kill the \\\"good\\\" bacteria in your crotch, upsetting the balance of your vaginal ecosystem, allowing the yeast to take over. (Antibacterial deodorant soap can have the same effect.) Most wimmin have problems with only a few types of antibiotics, or with prolonged antiobiotic treatment. Others get yeast infections every time they take antibiotics. Unfortunately, I know of no way of preventing an antibiotic-induced yeast infection; you just have to treat it once it starts.\\n * CLOTHING: crotch yeasties flourish in non-cotton, tight, or dirty clothes that trap heat and moisture. No doubt Xena, Warrior Princess, gets infections all the time from that leather underwear. Your absolutely best bet is to wear a skirt with no underwear or tights, and definitely avoid pantyhose. If you've ever had an urge to go for that sexy thigh-high stocking look but have been too shy, here's the excuse you've been looking for. And if you do wear underwear, your safest bet is unbleached, undyed cotton underwear and breathable clothes. It's a good idea to change your underpants regularly, like maybe once a day. If at all possible, don't sleep in underwear; if you do, put on clean stuff. Yeast can live in your underwear, so be sure to wash it well, particularly during and after a yeast infection. Some medical types think that when you have a yeast infection, you should wash and dry your underwear and then iron it or throw it in the microwave on high for 5 min to kill the yeast. On the other hand, check out this testimonial: \\\"I wanted to alert your readers that putting underwear in the microwave for 5 minutes is a VERY BAD IDEA... I went off to finish my nightly ablutions, leaving the underwear nuking away. I came back to a little black melted pile and an incredibly difficult to clean microwave.\\\" There you have it. I personally am going to stick to ironing.\\n * CHEMICALS, such as inks, dyes, and perfumes, can upset the balance in your crotch or trigger allergic reactions that lead to yeast infections. The classic example is commercial douches, which have no benefits and are definitely harmful to the vaginal environment and your health. You know those odor-causing bacteria that their products help you get rid of? Well, they're the same bacteria that kill the yeast in your crotch! On top of that, soaps are not only disruptive to the vaginal environment, but can damage your mucus membranes. You should never soap your crotch. But there are other, less obvious sources of nasty chemicals. For example, i've had serious problems with nasty perfumed toilet paper, like Charmin; 5 days of that and i am yeast central. If you think that's your problem, try an unscented, undyed toilet paper, like Scott. Even better, use a recycled, unbleached eco brand. Similarly, some laundry detergents and fabric softeners have allergenic dyes and perfumes; I invariably get yeast infections from underwear washed in Liquid Tide, and a friend of mine gets them from underwear washed in Wisk. Again, try an eco brand, or something like Arm & Hammer fragrance free detergent. Additives in bubble baths or bath salts, scented tampons or sanitary pads, or (heaven forbid) feminine deodorant sprays, can similarly trigger yeast infections.\\n * CONDOMS can promote yeast infections in two different ways. First, a lot of condoms come packaged with a lubricant that contains nonoxynol-9, a spermicide that may kill the HIV virus. A friend of mine insisted for years that she gets a yeast infection every time she comes in contact with the stuff. Sure enough, several studies have now shown that nonoxynol-9 is linked to yeast infections. If you suspect this is your problem, try using a condom that doesn't have a spermicidal lubricant, and use a different spermicide or additional barrier protection. Condoms can also cause yeast infections if you are allergic to latex, although this is less common. If this is the case, don't give up hope on practicing safer sex. You may want to try some of the newer non-latex (often polyurethane) condoms for boys or girls.\\n * DIET: Some people say that cutting down on yeast-containing foods helps lessen the intensity or frequency of vaginal yeast infections. I don't understand how this could matter, because the kind of yeast that's found in foods like bread or beer is not at all like the yeast found in the vagina. But hey, it can't hurt, and it might help. Similarly, many people believe that high levels of sugar in your diet can contribute to yeast infections, presumably by elevating sugar levels in your urine, giving the yeast more food. I can't see how this could happen in a healthy person, but if you think it's a problem for you, cut down on your sugar and alcohol intake. It is clear that wimmin with poorly controlled diabetes get frequent yeast infections, precisely because of sugar in the urine. If you have frequent yeast infections and have other symptoms of diabetes, like you're always thirsty and you have to urinate often, go see a doctor. Finally, most advocates of dietary causes also list caffeine as a factor. Again, I don't understand the connection and personally can't imagine my life without caffeine, but it's up to you.\\n * HORMONES, both naturally-occurring and artificially introduced, can affect yeast. For example, pregnant wimmin are particularly prone to yeast infections. Many wimmin taking contraceptive pills experience regular yeast infections as their hormone levels fluctuate. I was on the pill for a while, and got a yeast infection every single month, right before my period. Also, whether or not you're on the pill, yeast generally doesn't like the pH of menstrual blood, so mild yeast infections will often go away during your period. Don't count your chickens, though, because the yeast will sometimes rebound as soon as your period is over. Likewise, steroids used in the treatment of disorders like arthritis, asthma, or lupus can contribute to yeast infections.\\n * INJURY to the vulvar or vaginal membranes can lead to a yeast infection. This is almost always due to too much friction with not enough lubrication. In other words, if you or someone else is rubbing something in your vagina or against your crotch, be sure you're really wet. And if you're not wet enough on your own, don't be shy about adding lubrication, but be smart about what you use: oil-based products, like vaseline, break down latex; and even non-oily handcreams contain dyes and perfumes that can cause yeast infections! Spit works, but only for a bit, and some people think it can lead to yeast infections. Your best bet is to use a product designed as a sex lubricant, like K-Y (cheap but nasty), or better yet, Astroglide, Wet, or the like (more expensive, but slipperier and longer-lasting), or, possibly best yet, Sliquid (organic and all-natural!).\\n * SEXUAL TRANSMISSION: Candida can be transmitted between people by direct contact, and so can actually be a sexually-transmitted disease. Lesbian partners are particularly susceptible to passing yeast infections back and forth, so if you or your lover has an active infection you should be extra-careful to follow the safer sex guidelines: wash your hands or change your gloves in between touching your own crotch and your partner's, and keep your toys clean clean clean. And you should be aware that men can get yeast infections, often without obvious symptoms. It's not uncommon for a yeast-infected woman who has unprotected sex with a man to infect her lover, treat her own infection, and then get reinfected next time she has sex with him. If you think your male lover might have a yeast infection, get him some treatment, and practice safe sex at least until both of you are sure that your infections are gone.\\n * WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM: wimmin with compromised immune systems due to HIV or Lyme disease are extremely prone to suffering from yeast infections. In addition to vaginal yeast infections, such people are particularly susceptible to thrush, a yeast infection of the throat, or esophageal yeast infections. The web contains several good fact sheets on candida infections in people with HIV, like those from The Body, Project Inform, the Community Aids Treatment Exchange / Reseau communautaire d'info-traitements sida, and the AIDS Treatment Data Network.\\n\\n# ADVICE FOR WIMMIN IN WHEELCHAIRS\\n\\nAccording to a wonderful woman who emailed me, wimmin who are unable to walk\\ncan have bad yeast problems, and health care staff don't always do what they\\nshould to prevent this problem. Here's what she has to say.\\n\\n\\\"Sitting all day provides the perfect environment for growth of yeast and\\nbacteria because the crotch is warm, dark and moist. This situation is further\\ncomplicated if the disabled person can't do her own personal care or is\\nimprisoned in a nursing home where ignorance abounds among the staff\\nconcerning yeast infection prevention. I have learned from doctors and by\\ntrial and error how to prevent most internal vaginal and external skin yeast\\ninfections with some simple procedures. 1. Thorough washing of the crotch and\\nrectal areas morning and evening with Neutrogena soap. The disabled person\\nshould be seated on a shower chair with an open seat or on a toilet. 2. Crotch\\nand rectal areas should be thoroughly rinsed with plenty of warm running water\\nto flush the soap, yeast and bacteria from the skin. Use a shower head or pour\\nwarm water from a container. 3. Towel dry and then use a blowdryer set on low\\nto finish drying the skin in the crotch and rectal areas. 4. Apply a little\\nZesorb powder to the skin in the crotch to absorb perspiration. 5. Avoid\\nsitting on plastic or synthetic materials because they don't absorb\\nperspiration and keep the skin warmer. Try sitting on a real sheepskin that\\nhas about an inch of washed and combed wool attached to it. Wool will absorb\\nperspiration and is cooler to sit on. 6. Wear loose fitting cotton underpants\\nand change them two or three times a day to avoid having perspiration dampened\\nunderpants in contact with the skin.\\\"\\n\\n# WARNING\\n\\nIf you have an active yeast infection, you should refrain from sexual activity\\nthat involves vaginal penetration, you should not use tampons, you should not\\nuse commercial douches, and you should take extra care to change your\\nunderwear and/or menstrual pads often.\\n\\nLast page revision = 26 December 2009.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927025646/http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Alternative medicine\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Alternative medicine - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/treatment/con-20035129\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171012182133/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/treatment/con-20035129\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Treatments and drugs\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Yeast infection (vaginal) Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003010422/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) Background\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Acidophilus (Lactobacillus acidophilus) Background - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":352,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":9587949,"string":"9,587,949"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Prove the Earth Is Round"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"One way to prove the earth is round is to lie on the ground and watch the sun set below the horizon. After the sun sets, quickly stand up and look at the horizon — you should be able to see the sunset again! This is possible because of your higher vantage point. By standing up, you're able to see further over the earth's curve and catch a second glimpse of the sun. If the earth was flat, this wouldn't work!"},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210829181016/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round","http://web.archive.org/web/20210802102124/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round","http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143842/http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210425021315/https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210829181016/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210802102124/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143842/http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425021315/https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":-1,"string":"-1"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210829181016/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round","parsed_text":{"title":"We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years","passages":["Long before anyone circumnavigated the globe or went into space, the ancient Greeks had figured out that the Earth is ball-shaped, rather than flat","How can a 16-mile distance between two points in a picture look flat, he questioned: \"Where is the curve? please explain this.\" A torrent of similar tweets followed.","Many people have tried to reason with him, including the astrophysicist and broadcaster Neil deGrasse Tyson. B.o.B has not been swayed.","We at BBC Earth wouldn't usually weigh in on conspiracy theories, but we couldn't let this one go. For one thing \"Earth\" is in our name, and anyway we think it's fun to know how these big facts about the universe got discovered.","Let's start with some pictures. Here is the Earth from one million miles away. This image was composed from a series of images taken by a NASA camera on the Deep Space Climate Observatory satellite.","And here is a picture of the Earth from the Moon. The Moon, as we can all see when we look up, is also round.","You will have your own view on the plausibility of that, but regardless, consider this: we knew the Earth was round long before we mastered space travel.","In other words, you see different sets of stars in the night sky depending on where you are. The sky over the northern hemisphere is not the same as the sky over the southern hemisphere. If the Earth was flat, then at any given time we would all see the same stars, and we don't.","He discovered that at noon in one Egyptian city, the Sun was directly overhead, whereas in a different city the Sun did not rise quite so high. Eratosthenes knew the distance between the two cities, measured how high in the sky the Sun rose to in each at the same time, then did some trigonometry. His method was crude, but his answer was in the right ballpark.","More recently, people have gone all the way round the Earth. The Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan famously circumnavigated the Earth from 1519 to 1522, which would have been even more difficult if it had had an edge.","But long before Magellan, it was obvious to observant sailors that the Earth is round. If you sail towards something tall, like a mountain, you will see the top of it appearing over the horizon before the rest of it.","Copyright © 2021 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking."]},"parsed_md":"BBC - Earth - We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years\n\nHomepage\n\n## Accessibility links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Accessibility Help\n\nBBC Account\n\nNotifications\n\nSearch\n\nEarth Menu\n\n * Home\n\n * Attenborough's Story of Life\n\n * Big Questions\n\n * Discoveries\n\n * Video\n\n * Earth by email\n\n * About us\n\n * The Big Questions\n * Earth\n\n# We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years\n\nLong before anyone circumnavigated the globe or went into space, the ancient\nGreeks had figured out that the Earth is ball-shaped, rather than flat\n\n * Share on Facebook\n\n * Share on Twitter\n\n * Share on Reddit\n\n * Share on WhatsApp\n\n * Share on Google+\n\n * Share by Email\n\n * Share on Facebook\n\n * Share on Twitter\n\n * Share on Reddit\n\n * Share on StumbleUpon\n\n * Share on Google+\n\n * Share by Email\n\n * By Melissa Hogenboom\n\n26 January 2016\n\nThe well-known rapper B.o.B has been on a mission to convince his Twitter\nfollowers that the Earth is flat.\n\nHow can a 16-mile distance between two points in a picture look flat, he\nquestioned: \"Where is the curve? please explain this.\" A torrent of similar\ntweets followed.\n\nMany people have tried to reason with him, including the astrophysicist and\nbroadcaster Neil deGrasse Tyson. B.o.B has not been swayed.\n\nWe at BBC Earth wouldn't usually weigh in on conspiracy theories, but we\ncouldn't let this one go. For one thing \"Earth\" is in our name, and anyway we\nthink it's fun to know how these big facts about the universe got discovered.\n\nLet's start with some pictures. Here is the Earth from one million miles away.\nThis image was composed from a series of images taken by a NASA camera on the\nDeep Space Climate Observatory satellite.\n\nView image of Our round Earth (Credit: Nasa)\n\nAnd here is a picture of the Earth from the Moon. The Moon, as we can all see\nwhen we look up, is also round.\n\nView image of A view of Earth from the moon (Credit: Nasa)\n\nNone of this concerns B.o.B, because he also claims that all such NASA imagery\nis faked.\n\nYou will have your own view on the plausibility of that, but regardless,\nconsider this: we knew the Earth was round long before we mastered space\ntravel.\n\nOver 2,000 years ago, the Greek philosopher Aristotle had it all figured out.\n\n> The fact that Earth is round has been common knowledge ever since\n\nIn his book On the Heavens, he wrote: \"Again, our observations of the stars\nmake it evident, not only that the Earth is circular, but also that it is a\ncircle of no great size. For quite a small change of position to south or\nnorth causes a manifest alteration of the horizon.\"\n\nIn other words, you see different sets of stars in the night sky depending on\nwhere you are. The sky over the northern hemisphere is not the same as the sky\nover the southern hemisphere. If the Earth was flat, then at any given time we\nwould all see the same stars, and we don't.\n\nAnother Greek thinker and mathematician, Eratosthenes, went further and\nmanaged to measure the Earth's circumference.\n\nHe discovered that at noon in one Egyptian city, the Sun was directly\noverhead, whereas in a different city the Sun did not rise quite so high.\nEratosthenes knew the distance between the two cities, measured how high in\nthe sky the Sun rose to in each at the same time, then did some trigonometry.\nHis method was crude, but his answer was in the right ballpark.\n\nThe fact that Earth is round has been common knowledge, at least among the\neducated and powerful, ever since.\n\nMore recently, people have gone all the way round the Earth. The Portuguese\nexplorer Ferdinand Magellan famously circumnavigated the Earth from 1519 to\n1522, which would have been even more difficult if it had had an edge.\n\nBut long before Magellan, it was obvious to observant sailors that the Earth\nis round. If you sail towards something tall, like a mountain, you will see\nthe top of it appearing over the horizon before the rest of it.\n\n## Follow BBC Earth\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Youtube\n\n * Instagram\n\n## Explore the BBC\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * iPlayer\n * Sounds\n * CBBC\n * CBeebies\n * Food\n * Bitesize\n * Arts\n * Taster\n * Local\n * Three\n\n * Terms of Use\n * About the BBC\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Accessibility Help\n * Parental Guidance\n * Contact the BBC\n * Get Personalised Newsletters\n\nCopyright © 2021 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\nsites. Read about our approach to external linking.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210802102124/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round","parsed_text":{"title":"7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round","passages":["I ask because an Internet conversation has surfaced among celebrities like former television personality Tila Tequila whereby they state the Earth is flat. On Monday, musician B.o.B took up the mantle on Twitter, spurring a spicy conversation with noted astrophysicist Neil DeGrasse Tyson. Tweets were exchanged on both sides, and eventually, rap songs too.","Dear @bobatl, as an astrophysicist I don’t rap, but I know people who do. This one has my back: https://t.co/BbMi4tzHLz","Any mere mortal can validate our planet’s shape with basic household items like lamps, rulers and soccer balls. So without further ado, here are seven ways that B.o.B, Miss Tequila or any round-Earth denier can convince themselves that the Earth is indeed round.","Every now and again, the Earth passes between the moon and the sun, completely blocking its light and casting a shadow across the moon called a lunar eclipse. If you look closely while this happens, you would notice that the Earth’s shadow forms an arc as it creeps across our view of the moon.","A combination photo shows the moon during a total lunar eclipse as seen from Mexico City, April 15, 2014. Photo by REUTERS/Edgard Garrido","You might respond, “You’ve shown the Earth is round, but couldn’t it be round, but still flat — a flat disc?” Well, your eyes and telescope would also spot the 3D spherical nature of the moon. The Flat Earth Society does admit that the moon, the sun and other planets are indeed spherical, but claim that the “Earth is not a planet,” and unlike other celestial bodies, is flat.","Experiment 2: Take a trip to San Francisco and Seattle Things you’ll need: A flight ticket, a long straight stick and a tape measure.","As theoretical physicist Ethan Siegel explains in great detail, you, me and B.o.B have something in common: we can use the sun to witness the curvature of the Earth. Here is Siegel:","...the Sun reaches a much higher point (and shines for more hours during the day) during the summer months, and reaches a significantly lower point (and shines for fewer hours) during the winter...","In fact, if you charted out the Sun’s path through the daytime sky, you would find that it takes its lowest path (for the fewest number of hours) on the Winter Solstice — usually December 21st — and its highest path (for the greatest number of hours) on the Summer Solstice, usually June 21st.","If you constructed a camera capable of photographing the Sun’s path through the sky over the course of the year, you would find exactly this: a series of arcs, where the highest, longest arc through the sky was made during the Summer Solstice and the lowest, shortest arc was made during the Winter Solstice.","While a scholar at the library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes heard of a deep well in the southward city of Syene (now Aswan, Egypt). Once a year on the summer solstice, the citizens of Syene noticed that sunlight reflected off the well’s bottom. They also saw that sticks and tall buildings cast no shadows, suggesting the sun was directly overhead. But in Alexandria, on the same day, Eratosthenes found that sticks did cast a shadow. By measuring the angles of those shadows and by hiring surveyors to measure the distance between Syene and Alexandria, he not only was able to calculate the curvature between the two cities but also the circumference of the entire Earth.","One of the keys to Eratosthenes discovery came from Syene being due south of Alexandria. Stated otherwise, they lie on the same meridian.","Luckily, the same applies to San Francisco and Seattle. If B.o.B were to ever perform in the two cities on back-to-back days, he could replicate the work of Eratosthenes himself. If he heads to a park on both days, he could jab a meter stick in the ground, measure the angle that the shadow makes with the ground at high noon and reproduce Eratosthenes’ calculation.","This experiment would work in any two cities on the same meridian, provided they’re 200 miles away from each other.","Perhaps B.o.B and his entourage don’t have the air miles for a trip between San Francisco and Seattle. No problem. All they need is a beach on the Pacific Coast (or an unobstructed view of the horizon).","As detailed by the folks at MinutePhysics, the horizon is one of the easiest ways to validate the Earth’s curvature. As the sun dips behind the horizon, it slips from your view in a bottom-up direction. If you watch the sunset while lying on your back, and then hop up as the last rays disappear, then you should be able to see the sunset again.","The same pattern applies to ships as they sail away — their hulls disappear from the bottom up. As MinutePhysics points out, if the Earth didn’t curve and the horizon didn’t exist, when you looked at Chicago from across Lake Michigan, you’d be able to see the the Rocky Mountains.","Experiment 4: Shadow games and time zones Things you’ll need: a 3D globe or soccer ball, a 2D world map and a bright lamp.","It’s always daytime somewhere and nighttime somewhere else. Five centuries of calculations argue that’s because the Earth is a spinning globe upon which the sun’s rays strike from a single direction.","You can test this idea with a lamp, a soccer ball and a dark room. Put the lamp and ball next to each other on a table. Now, turn off all the lights, and then switch on the lamp. Half of the ball should be illuminated, while the other half remains dark. If you want a facsimile of how this works for us, then replace the soccer ball with a globe.","The Flat Earth Society offers an alternative: The sun is a sphere with a diameter of 32 miles that is located approximately 3,000 miles above the surface of the Earth. They argue that the sun moves like a crib’s mobile, circling above our flat planetary disc.","If the sun is a spotlight, then why don’t we see sunbeams when they’re not shining directly over us? Image by Moriel Schottlender/smarterthanthat.com","The problem with this spotlight hypothesis is the sun doesn’t behave like a spotlight. Imagine you’re at a Broadway show, and you see a spotlight shining on a lead actor. You can see the light beams hitting their face, yet you’re sitting in darkness. But on Earth, you can’t stand in an open area and then look off in the distance and see the neighboring land basked in light.","Experiment 5: Ride a merry-go-round Things you’ll need: a ball, a merry-go- round and an adjacent jungle gym to stand upon.","Have you ever wondered why hurricanes swirl in one direction? The reason is the Coriolis Effect, and as National Geographic demonstrates, you can witness the same effect on a merry-go-round.","In the video, a woman wants to throw a ball toward someone sitting across from her while spinning counter clockwise on a merry-go-round. But rather than go straight, the ball appears to curve and land to her right. What gives?","If you hang a camera from above the roundabout, like these scientists from MIT did, you can see what happens. The ball does move in a straight line, but as a catcher rotates on the ride, he moves out of the ball’s path.","What the Coriolis effect looks like if standing freely above a merry-go-round. Image by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics","What the Coriolis effect looks like if riding on a merry-go-round. Image by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics","The Earth is wider at the equator, so it rotates faster there than at the poles. Wind wants to push across the planet in straight lines from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, but the Earth’s roundness and rotation make the air flows appear to deflect off course. Peering down from space on the Northern Hemisphere, hurricane winds appear to deflect right, while the opposite happens below the equator.","Alternatively, if you tried to toss a paper plane in a straight line from the equator to a friend in North America, it would appear to curve out of the way. The same would happen if you flew in a straight line from the equatorial city of Quito, Ecuador to New York City. As you journeyed north in the sky, the Earth would rotate beneath you, moving New York City out of your path.","Space tourism is another option for those interested in seeing the Earth’s curves. The trip will cost upwards of $40 million, but once there, a celebrity can capture all sorts of footage of the planet’s roundness. Just look at these photos from Guy Laliberté, the former CEO of Cirque du Soleil, who traveled to the International Space Station in 2009.","Space Station Flyover of the Mediterranean. Expedition 46 flight engineer Tim Peake of the European Space Agency (ESA) shared this stunning nighttime photograph with his social media followers on Jan. 25, 2016, writing, “Beautiful night pass over Italy, Alps and Mediterranean.” Photo by European Space Agency/NASA.","The Earth is seen rising above the lunar horizon from the Apollo 8 spacecraft on Christmas Eve, Dec. 24, 1968. Photo by NASA","Ok, the act of dunking a basketball doesn’t prove the Earth is round, but it does offer an opportunity for a confession: I’ve never been able to dunk a basketball. In my early 20s, I came close. I could jump and grab a 10-foot- high rim. I could even throw down a tennis ball, but my vertical leap couldn’t reach a height that allowed my hand to extend a basketball over a rim.","By contrast, my 6’8′′ roommate Justin could dunk with ease. Now, I could have chosen to believe Justin’s jams were linked to something other than his height. Maybe his shoes had magic properties that lifted his body to loftier heights?","But throughout middle school and high school, something happened. My leaps improved the more that I played basketball. Growing calf muscles and month after month of countless jump shots corresponded with getting closer and closer to the rim. Justin trained too, and our confidence in the benefits of practicing grew as our leaps did.","Aside from the sun spotlight concept, Flat Earthers present a wide variety of explanations to discredit everything written above, such as:","Lunar eclipses are caused by a second object in space — an anti-moon — that blocks our view of the regular moon. (But if that’s the case, why can’t we see the anti-moon at other times?)","Left: Musician B.o.B claimed this week that the Earth is flat, but how does a person confirm the Earth's curves? Photo by REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni"]},"parsed_md":"7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round | PBS\nNewsHour\n\n## Educate your inbox\n\nSubscribe to Here’s the Deal, our politics newsletter for analysis you won’t\nfind anywhere else.\n\n## What do you think? Leave a respectful comment.\n\nPBS NewsHour\n\nBy —\n\nNsikan Akpan Nsikan Akpan\n\n * https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round\n\n * Email\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * Tumblr\n\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter\n\n# 7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round\n\nScience\n\nJan 27, 2016 2:25 PM EDT\n\n“The Earth is round.” Teachers say it. Scientists say it. But how do they\nknow?\n\nI ask because an Internet conversation has surfaced among celebrities like\nformer television personality Tila Tequila whereby they state the Earth is\nflat. On Monday, musician B.o.B took up the mantle on Twitter, spurring a\nspicy conversation with noted astrophysicist Neil DeGrasse Tyson. Tweets were\nexchanged on both sides, and eventually, rap songs too.\n\n> Dear @bobatl, as an astrophysicist I don’t rap, but I know people who do.\n> This one has my back: https://t.co/BbMi4tzHLz\n>\n> — Neil deGrasse Tyson (@neiltyson) January 26, 2016\n\nMiss Tequila and B.o.B aren’t alone. Flat Earth thinking dates back thousands\nof years, when early societies like the Sumerians, Babylonians and Ancient\nEgyptians believed that the planet resembled a pancake. Christopher Columbus\nis often miscredited for correcting this idea and discovering the Earth’s\ncurves by not sailing off its edge, but in fact, it was Ancient Greeks, such\nas Aristotle and Pythagoras, around 2,400 – 2,600 years ago, who first\nproposed that the Earth was round.\n\nBut you’re not here for a history lesson. You’re here for experiments!\n\nAny mere mortal can validate our planet’s shape with basic household items\nlike lamps, rulers and soccer balls. So without further ado, here are seven\nways that B.o.B, Miss Tequila or any round-Earth denier can convince\nthemselves that the Earth is indeed round.\n\nExperiment 1: Watch a lunar eclipse Things you’ll need: functioning eyes, the\nmoon, and a telescope (optional).\n\nEvery now and again, the Earth passes between the moon and the sun, completely\nblocking its light and casting a shadow across the moon called a lunar\neclipse. If you look closely while this happens, you would notice that the\nEarth’s shadow forms an arc as it creeps across our view of the moon.\n\nA combination photo shows the moon during a total lunar eclipse as seen from\nMexico City, April 15, 2014. Photo by REUTERS/Edgard Garrido\n\nYou might respond, “You’ve shown the Earth is round, but couldn’t it be round,\nbut still flat — a flat disc?” Well, your eyes and telescope would also spot\nthe 3D spherical nature of the moon. The Flat Earth Society does admit that\nthe moon, the sun and other planets are indeed spherical, but claim that the\n“Earth is not a planet,” and unlike other celestial bodies, is flat.\n\nSo let’s ignore the moon for now and examine the other member of the eclipse\ntrifecta: the sun.\n\nExperiment 2: Take a trip to San Francisco and Seattle Things you’ll need: A\nflight ticket, a long straight stick and a tape measure.\n\nAs theoretical physicist Ethan Siegel explains in great detail, you, me and\nB.o.B have something in common: we can use the sun to witness the curvature of\nthe Earth. Here is Siegel:\n\n...the Sun reaches a much higher point (and shines for more hours during the\nday) during the summer months, and reaches a significantly lower point (and\nshines for fewer hours) during the winter...\n\nIn fact, if you charted out the Sun’s path through the daytime sky, you would\nfind that it takes its lowest path (for the fewest number of hours) on the\nWinter Solstice — usually December 21st — and its highest path (for the\ngreatest number of hours) on the Summer Solstice, usually June 21st.\n\nIf you constructed a camera capable of photographing the Sun’s path through\nthe sky over the course of the year, you would find exactly this: a series of\narcs, where the highest, longest arc through the sky was made during the\nSummer Solstice and the lowest, shortest arc was made during the Winter\nSolstice.\n\nOn a midsummer’s day more than two millennia ago, Ancient Greek astronomer\nEratosthenes of Cyrene noticed this too.\n\nWhile a scholar at the library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes heard of a deep\nwell in the southward city of Syene (now Aswan, Egypt). Once a year on the\nsummer solstice, the citizens of Syene noticed that sunlight reflected off the\nwell’s bottom. They also saw that sticks and tall buildings cast no shadows,\nsuggesting the sun was directly overhead. But in Alexandria, on the same day,\nEratosthenes found that sticks did cast a shadow. By measuring the angles of\nthose shadows and by hiring surveyors to measure the distance between Syene\nand Alexandria, he not only was able to calculate the curvature between the\ntwo cities but also the circumference of the entire Earth.\n\nLuckily, B.o.B doesn’t need to travel to Egypt to replicate this test, he need\nonly visit our West Coast.\n\nHow did Eratosthenes calculate the circumference of the Earth? Video by Math\nCentre\n\nOne of the keys to Eratosthenes discovery came from Syene being due south of\nAlexandria. Stated otherwise, they lie on the same meridian.\n\nLuckily, the same applies to San Francisco and Seattle. If B.o.B were to ever\nperform in the two cities on back-to-back days, he could replicate the work of\nEratosthenes himself. If he heads to a park on both days, he could jab a meter\nstick in the ground, measure the angle that the shadow makes with the ground\nat high noon and reproduce Eratosthenes’ calculation.\n\nThis experiment would work in any two cities on the same meridian, provided\nthey’re 200 miles away from each other.\n\nExperiment 3. Watch the sunset lying down Things you’ll need: The ground and\nthe horizon.\n\nA sunset is seen on Naples beach in Naples, Florida on May 6, 2015. Photo by\nAriel Min/PBS NewsHour\n\nPerhaps B.o.B and his entourage don’t have the air miles for a trip between\nSan Francisco and Seattle. No problem. All they need is a beach on the Pacific\nCoast (or an unobstructed view of the horizon).\n\nAs detailed by the folks at MinutePhysics, the horizon is one of the easiest\nways to validate the Earth’s curvature. As the sun dips behind the horizon, it\nslips from your view in a bottom-up direction. If you watch the sunset while\nlying on your back, and then hop up as the last rays disappear, then you\nshould be able to see the sunset again.\n\nThe same pattern applies to ships as they sail away — their hulls disappear\nfrom the bottom up. As MinutePhysics points out, if the Earth didn’t curve and\nthe horizon didn’t exist, when you looked at Chicago from across Lake\nMichigan, you’d be able to see the the Rocky Mountains.\n\nExperiment 4: Shadow games and time zones Things you’ll need: a 3D globe or\nsoccer ball, a 2D world map and a bright lamp.\n\nIt’s always daytime somewhere and nighttime somewhere else. Five centuries of\ncalculations argue that’s because the Earth is a spinning globe upon which the\nsun’s rays strike from a single direction.\n\nYou can test this idea with a lamp, a soccer ball and a dark room. Put the\nlamp and ball next to each other on a table. Now, turn off all the lights, and\nthen switch on the lamp. Half of the ball should be illuminated, while the\nother half remains dark. If you want a facsimile of how this works for us,\nthen replace the soccer ball with a globe.\n\nThe Flat Earth Society offers an alternative: The sun is a sphere with a\ndiameter of 32 miles that is located approximately 3,000 miles above the\nsurface of the Earth. They argue that the sun moves like a crib’s mobile,\ncircling above our flat planetary disc.\n\nIf the sun is a spotlight, then why don’t we see sunbeams when they’re not\nshining directly over us? Image by Moriel Schottlender/smarterthanthat.com\n\nThe problem with this spotlight hypothesis is the sun doesn’t behave like a\nspotlight. Imagine you’re at a Broadway show, and you see a spotlight shining\non a lead actor. You can see the light beams hitting their face, yet you’re\nsitting in darkness. But on Earth, you can’t stand in an open area and then\nlook off in the distance and see the neighboring land basked in light.\n\nThat’s because the Earth’s curvature creates distinct places where light can\nland, which forms the basis of timezones.\n\nExperiment 5: Ride a merry-go-round Things you’ll need: a ball, a merry-go-\nround and an adjacent jungle gym to stand upon.\n\nHave you ever wondered why hurricanes swirl in one direction? The reason is\nthe Coriolis Effect, and as National Geographic demonstrates, you can witness\nthe same effect on a merry-go-round.\n\nIn the video, a woman wants to throw a ball toward someone sitting across from\nher while spinning counter clockwise on a merry-go-round. But rather than go\nstraight, the ball appears to curve and land to her right. What gives?\n\nIf you hang a camera from above the roundabout, like these scientists from MIT\ndid, you can see what happens. The ball does move in a straight line, but as a\ncatcher rotates on the ride, he moves out of the ball’s path.\n\nWhat the Coriolis effect looks like if standing freely above a merry-go-round.\nImage by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\n\nIn contrast, if the camera is attached to and spins with the merry-go-round,\nthe ball appears to curve.\n\nWhat the Coriolis effect looks like if riding on a merry-go-round. Image by\nTechnical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\n\nThe Earth is wider at the equator, so it rotates faster there than at the\npoles. Wind wants to push across the planet in straight lines from areas of\nhigh pressure to areas of low pressure, but the Earth’s roundness and rotation\nmake the air flows appear to deflect off course. Peering down from space on\nthe Northern Hemisphere, hurricane winds appear to deflect right, while the\nopposite happens below the equator.\n\nAlternatively, if you tried to toss a paper plane in a straight line from the\nequator to a friend in North America, it would appear to curve out of the way.\nThe same would happen if you flew in a straight line from the equatorial city\nof Quito, Ecuador to New York City. As you journeyed north in the sky, the\nEarth would rotate beneath you, moving New York City out of your path.\n\nExperiment 6: Travel to space! Things you’ll need: buckets of money\n\nSpace tourism is another option for those interested in seeing the Earth’s\ncurves. The trip will cost upwards of $40 million, but once there, a celebrity\ncan capture all sorts of footage of the planet’s roundness. Just look at these\nphotos from Guy Laliberté, the former CEO of Cirque du Soleil, who traveled to\nthe International Space Station in 2009.\n\nOr take a gander at any number of photos collected by astronauts and\nsatellites over the last half century.\n\nSpace Station Flyover of the Mediterranean. Expedition 46 flight engineer Tim\nPeake of the European Space Agency (ESA) shared this stunning nighttime\nphotograph with his social media followers on Jan. 25, 2016, writing,\n“Beautiful night pass over Italy, Alps and Mediterranean.” Photo by European\nSpace Agency/NASA.\n\nThe Earth is seen rising above the lunar horizon from the Apollo 8 spacecraft\non Christmas Eve, Dec. 24, 1968. Photo by NASA\n\nExperiment 7: Dunk a basketball\n\nOk, the act of dunking a basketball doesn’t prove the Earth is round, but it\ndoes offer an opportunity for a confession: I’ve never been able to dunk a\nbasketball. In my early 20s, I came close. I could jump and grab a 10-foot-\nhigh rim. I could even throw down a tennis ball, but my vertical leap couldn’t\nreach a height that allowed my hand to extend a basketball over a rim.\n\nBy contrast, my 6’8′′ roommate Justin could dunk with ease. Now, I could have\nchosen to believe Justin’s jams were linked to something other than his\nheight. Maybe his shoes had magic properties that lifted his body to loftier\nheights?\n\nBut throughout middle school and high school, something happened. My leaps\nimproved the more that I played basketball. Growing calf muscles and month\nafter month of countless jump shots corresponded with getting closer and\ncloser to the rim. Justin trained too, and our confidence in the benefits of\npracticing grew as our leaps did.\n\nAside from the sun spotlight concept, Flat Earthers present a wide variety of\nexplanations to discredit everything written above, such as:\n\nLunar eclipses are caused by a second object in space — an anti-moon — that\nblocks our view of the regular moon. (But if that’s the case, why can’t we see\nthe anti-moon at other times?)\n\nEratosthenes’ measurements didn’t validate the planet’s curves, but rather\nthat the sun moves away and toward a flat Earth.\n\nFlat Earther concepts don’t stack up, especially when placed against modern\ntechnology like global air travel...or telescopes.\n\nInstead, their ideas require leaps of faith that far outpace a 5’0 teenager\nstretching his fingers toward a rim.\n\nLeft: Musician B.o.B claimed this week that the Earth is flat, but how does a\nperson confirm the Earth's curves? Photo by REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni\n\n## Go Deeper\n\n * basic research\n * earth\n * math\n * science wednesday\n * space\n\nBy —\n\nNsikan Akpan Nsikan Akpan\n\nNsikan Akpan is the digital science producer for PBS NewsHour and co-creator\nof the award-winning, NewsHour digital series ScienceScope.\n\n@MoNscience\n\nSupport Provided By: Learn more\n\n### Educate your inbox\n\nSubscribe to Here’s the Deal, our politics newsletter for analysis you won’t\nfind anywhere else.\n\nFull Episode\n\nSunday, Aug 1\n\nAdditional Support Provided By:\n\nPBS NewsHour\n\n© 1996 - 2021 NewsHour Productions LLC. All Rights Reserved.\n\nSections\n\n * The Latest\n * Politics\n * Arts\n * Nation\n * World\n * Economy\n * Science\n * Health\n * Education\n\nAbout\n\n * About Us\n * TV Schedule\n * Press\n * Feedback\n * Funders\n * Support\n * Subscribe\n * NewsHour West\n * Jobs\n * Privacy\n\nStay Connected\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * RSS\n\nSubscribe to ‘Here's the Deal,’ our politics newsletter\n\n## Support our journalism\n\nLearn more about Friends of the NewsHour.\n\nSupport for NewsHour Provided By\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143842/http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/","parsed_text":{"title":"The Earth's Curvature is Tasty","passages":["If I sail a ship to the far far seas, continue on, and on, and on and– well, you got the point. Where will I find myself? Well, if I travel in a more-or- less straight line (ignoring weather or geography, or time constraints, or my pending homework) I will end up right where I started. Why? Because the Earth is round. Duh.","Today we have a lot of sophisticated (and simple) methods of calculating the curvature and size of the earth. But how did humanity figure this out in the first place? I mean.. it’s so easy, without the help of satellites, airplanes and Jules Verne, to look at the flat horizon and mistake the earth for a flat table top. How could anyone figure out not only that the world is not flat, but also calculate the size of its radius?","Well, when in doubt, try it out. Hey.. I think I like that motto. It’s rhyming, and rhymes are usually true. Just ask Dr Seuss.","So, a long time ago, people believed the earth was flat, and that if someone was to go away off to the horizon, he (or she) would fall off the end of it.","We look at this ancient concept as ridiculous today. We al know that the flatness of the horizon is an illusion. We have more than enough proof today to see absolutely that the world is definitely curved, but it is for the ingenuity of people like Erastosthenes of Cyrene that humanity knew about this so long ago.","Eratosthenes was a greek scholar that lived in 275-194 B.C. in Alexandria (Egypt). Some even say he was the curator of the library of Alexandria. One day, he had a bright idea. Actully, it wasn’t just any day, it was the summer solstice, and it wasn’t just any idea, it was a brilliant experiment. But, let’s not dwell on the tiny details. He was very smart and he acted on it.","He received word that on that summer solstice day the sun is reflected perfectly in a deep well in Syene. But at the same time and same day, in Alexandria, the sun wasn’t reflected perfectly in the same type of well. Why?","It occured to him that the only way that could have happened is if the earth was not flat. Using simple trigonometry, he managed to calculate the radius and diameter of the earth. In this experiment, we do the same, only we use a Pummelo. Because it’s easier. And tastier.","The pummelo represents the earth. Nevermind it isn’t perfectly round – the earth isn’t either, and we are only trying to see the method, not actually calculate the radius of the fruit.","Wow, there’s a lot of reasons to have that, but they are less important than you would have thought. If our goal was to accurately calculate the circumference of the earth (or the fruit) then our method is not perfect at all.","The fruit was far from being spherical. It was almost cubic at some pionts, flat at others, and had lots of bumps on it. The radius on one small section of it is not necessarily the radius on another point on it. So, error margin in that matter is quite obvious.","But Eratosthenes’ method is important not necessarily because of the numerical result, but for its significance in discovering the world is a sphere. Remember, Galileo Galilei almost lost his head over this idea (among others), and that was about 2000 years after Eratosthenes.","Not to mention many of us learned the (sadly, very common) misconception that Christopher Columbus is the explorer who discovered the world is round.","Humanity was Smarter Than That a long time ago, and Eratosthenes’ ingenious way of estimating the circumference verifies it completely.","© 2018 by Moriel Schottlender. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases."]},"parsed_md":"The Earth's Curvature is Tasty | SmarterThanThat\n\n## The Earth’s Curvature is Tasty\n\nPublished: 23 March 2008\n\nWritten by Moriel Schottlender\n\n13 Comments\n\nCategories: Astronomy, Experiments, Physics\n\nShare47\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\n47 Shares\n\nIf I sail a ship to the far far seas, continue on, and on, and on and– well,\nyou got the point. Where will I find myself? Well, if I travel in a more-or-\nless straight line (ignoring weather or geography, or time constraints, or my\npending homework) I will end up right where I started. Why? Because the Earth\nis round. Duh.\n\nToday we have a lot of sophisticated (and simple) methods of calculating the\ncurvature and size of the earth. But how did humanity figure this out in the\nfirst place? I mean.. it’s so easy, without the help of satellites, airplanes\nand Jules Verne, to look at the flat horizon and mistake the earth for a flat\ntable top. How could anyone figure out not only that the world is not flat,\nbut also calculate the size of its radius?\n\nWell, when in doubt, try it out. Hey.. I think I like that motto. It’s\nrhyming, and rhymes are usually true. Just ask Dr Seuss.\n\nPlus.. it works!\n\nSo, a long time ago, people believed the earth was flat, and that if someone\nwas to go away off to the horizon, he (or she) would fall off the end of it.\n\nWe look at this ancient concept as ridiculous today. We al know that the\nflatness of the horizon is an illusion. We have more than enough proof today\nto see absolutely that the world is definitely curved, but it is for the\ningenuity of people like Erastosthenes of Cyrene that humanity knew about this\nso long ago.\n\nEratosthenes was a greek scholar that lived in 275-194 B.C. in Alexandria\n(Egypt). Some even say he was the curator of the library of Alexandria. One\nday, he had a bright idea. Actully, it wasn’t just any day, it was the summer\nsolstice, and it wasn’t just any idea, it was a brilliant experiment. But,\nlet’s not dwell on the tiny details. He was very smart and he acted on it.\n\nHe received word that on that summer solstice day the sun is reflected\nperfectly in a deep well in Syene. But at the same time and same day, in\nAlexandria, the sun wasn’t reflected perfectly in the same type of well. Why?\n\nIt occured to him that the only way that could have happened is if the earth\nwas not flat. Using simple trigonometry, he managed to calculate the radius\nand diameter of the earth. In this experiment, we do the same, only we use a\nPummelo. Because it’s easier. And tastier.\n\n## Materials Needed for the Experiment:\n\n * Any type of round, big, (preferably tasty) fruit. I used a Red Pummelo, but a Watermelon will work too.\n * Small sticks to simulate Eratosthenes’ big sticks.\n * One bright and focused lamp.\n * A ruler.\n * A sharpie.\n\nThe pummelo represents the earth. Nevermind it isn’t perfectly round – the\nearth isn’t either, and we are only trying to see the method, not actually\ncalculate the radius of the fruit.\n\n## Error Margin\n\nWow, there’s a lot of reasons to have that, but they are less important than\nyou would have thought. If our goal was to accurately calculate the\ncircumference of the earth (or the fruit) then our method is not perfect at\nall.\n\nThe fruit was far from being spherical. It was almost cubic at some pionts,\nflat at others, and had lots of bumps on it. The radius on one small section\nof it is not necessarily the radius on another point on it. So, error margin\nin that matter is quite obvious.\n\nBut Eratosthenes’ method is important not necessarily because of the numerical\nresult, but for its significance in discovering the world is a sphere.\nRemember, Galileo Galilei almost lost his head over this idea (among others),\nand that was about 2000 years after Eratosthenes.\n\nNot to mention many of us learned the (sadly, very common) misconception that\nChristopher Columbus is the explorer who discovered the world is round.\n\nWrong!!\n\nHumanity was Smarter Than That a long time ago, and Eratosthenes’ ingenious\nway of estimating the circumference verifies it completely.\n\n## Resources:\n\n### Eratosthenes:\n\n * http://outreach.as.utexas.edu/marykay/assignments/eratos1.html\n * http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Eratosthenes.html\n * http://www.eranet.gr/eratosthenes/html/eoc.html\n\n### Earth Radius:\n\n * http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html\n * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_radius\n\n### Trigonometry Reminder:\n\n * http://www.clarku.edu/~djoyce/trig/right.html\n * http://oakroadsystems.com/math/trig10.htm\n\n### Flat Earth (not!):\n\n * http://www.badastronomy.com/bablog/2007/09/19/how-wrong-is-the-flat-earth/\n * “Flat Earth Society” (from “The Skeptic’s Guide to the Universe” blog: http://www.theskepticsguide.org/sgublog/?p=115\n\n### Red Pummelo is good for you:\n\n * http://www.all-creatures.org/recipes/i-pummelo-red.html\n\nShare47\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\n47 Shares\n\n### SciencingMinecraft: Discover the physics of a new universe\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Sciencing Minecraft: Measuring time June 25, 2020\n * Sciencing Minecraft: A new project June 25, 2020\n * Buffyverse Physics: It’s about Time (Pt 2: Energy) September 1, 2018\n * Buffyverse Physics: It’s about Time (Pt 1: Relativity) August 21, 2018\n * Buffyverse Physics: Vampire Thermodynamics August 16, 2018\n\n### Categories\n\n * Analysis Articles\n * Astronomy\n * Biology\n * Buffy the Vampire Slayer\n * Chemistry\n * Critical Thinking\n * Experiments\n * Explicit\n * Minecraft\n * News\n * Party Trick\n * Physics\n * PhysicsQuest2011\n * Study Guides\n\n### I’m on Twitter!\n\nMoriel SchottlenderFollow\n\nMoriel Schottlender@mooeypoo·\n\n9h\n\nThis hits way too close to home\n\nIan Coldwater 📦💥@IanColdwater\n\n\"haha I got really good at breaking things! this is awesome\"\n\n\"ok, you are now responsible for the security of the things\"\n\n\"oh no\" https://t.co/qsVL9KiE0f\n\nReply on Twitter 1364812722123141122Retweet on Twitter 1364812722123141122Like\non Twitter 13648127221231411223Twitter 1364812722123141122\n\nRetweet on TwitterMoriel Schottlender Retweeted\n\nJoshua Tauberer@JoshData·\n\n19 Feb\n\nCouldn't help myself. Draw an iceberg and see how it would actually float in\nwater: https://t.co/HSqRwjVVk7 https://t.co/ziobrmDknV\n\nReply on Twitter 1362869305310801922Retweet on Twitter\n13628693053108019222945Like on Twitter 13628693053108019227925Twitter\n1362869305310801922\n\nLoad More...\n\n## Interesting stuff\n\n###### I do more things\n\n * Web dev musing\n * My short fiction\n * Code on Github\n\n###### Other websites and tools\n\n * Dynamic Buffy Calculators\n * Neutrality.wtf: Switch gender pronouns\n * Right-to-Left on the web\n\n© 2018 by Moriel Schottlender. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons\nAttribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. As an Amazon Associate I\nearn from qualifying purchases.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425021315/https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Measuring the Earth's Curvature Activity","passages":["Here is a quick experiment, designed to show that the earth is round and to calculate its circumference. It is easy to do if you are in the right location. Unfortunately, in order to do this experiment properly you must have a clear view of the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. The idea behind the experiment is this: if the Earth is round, then objects which travel away from you along the surface of the Earth will disappear from view at a certain distance. More interesting is that they disappear from the bottom up. Think of a friend walking over a hill. If you watch her from one side of the hill as she walks over the hill, her feet will disappear first and then her legs and body followed by her head. This is one way ancient sailors knew that the Earth must be rounded like a hill. They could see the tall masts of ships long after their hulls as the boats receded far away. To see why this effect occurs, look at the diagram below:","As the Earth rotates, the view from the top of the pink stick changes to reveal the sun or make the sun disappear depending upon which way the Earth is rotating. If the Earth rotates as shown the Sun will disappear. (Note: this diagram is NOT to scale.) Looking at the following diagram you can see that if you watched the sunset from a low point of view and then got up really quickly you might be able to witness the sunset twice in one day.","* A location where you can clearly view a sunrise or sunset over the ocean\n* A friend to help you measure the height of your eyes while laying down and while standing.\n* A measuring tape or meter stick\n* A stopwatch\n* Pen and paper to record times and heights\nDirections:","1. Go to a place where you can easily view the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. Be sure to check local weather reports to know the time of day to expect the sunrise or set.\n2. If viewing a sunset, make your first measurement lying down on the ground and your second measurement while standing. If viewing a sunrise, do the opposite. From now on I will explain only the directions for the sunset, please make the necessary adjustments for the sunrise experiment.\n3. Before the sunset, get a friend to measure the height of your eyes while you are lying down and still able to see the horizon where you expect the sunset.\n4. Prepare a stopwatch to begin counting.\n5. Wait for the sunset.\n6. When the last bit of sun has disappeared, start the stop watch and quickly get up and stand in a position that is directly above where your eyes were when you were laying down.\n7. You should be able to see the Sun set again.\n8. Stop the stopwatch when you see the last bit of sun disappear again.\n9. Have your friend measure the height to your eyes in the standing position.\n10. Calculate the circumference of the Earth using the following two equations:\n\n* Distance to the horizon To see where this equation came from go to : http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Shorizon.htm\n\n* , Where R = The radius of the Earth\nh1 and h2= the height of your eyes during the two measurements (h1 should be the bigger of the two heights)","This equation is a proportion that assumes the Earth rotates once in 24 hours so that the difference between the distances to the horizon over the whole circumference of the Earth is equal to the ratio of the time between your measurements and a whole day.","* For example, if you measured 6 seconds in between the sunset when you were laying down with your eyes at a height of 10 cm off of the ground and the sunset when you were standing up at a height of 2m, then you would have to solve the two above equations for the radius of the Earth in terms of h_1 and h_2 (which are .10 m and 2 m) and the number of seconds in between sunsets:\nBack | Next"]},"parsed_md":"Measuring the Earth's Curvature Activity\n\nHere is a quick experiment, designed to show that the earth is round and to\ncalculate its circumference. It is easy to do if you are in the right\nlocation. Unfortunately, in order to do this experiment properly you must have\na clear view of the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. The idea behind the\nexperiment is this: if the Earth is round, then objects which travel away from\nyou along the surface of the Earth will disappear from view at a certain\ndistance. More interesting is that they disappear from the bottom up. Think of\na friend walking over a hill. If you watch her from one side of the hill as\nshe walks over the hill, her feet will disappear first and then her legs and\nbody followed by her head. This is one way ancient sailors knew that the Earth\nmust be rounded like a hill. They could see the tall masts of ships long after\ntheir hulls as the boats receded far away. To see why this effect occurs, look\nat the diagram below:\n\nAs the Earth rotates, the view from the top of the pink stick changes to\nreveal the sun or make the sun disappear depending upon which way the Earth is\nrotating. If the Earth rotates as shown the Sun will disappear. (Note: this\ndiagram is NOT to scale.) Looking at the following diagram you can see that if\nyou watched the sunset from a low point of view and then got up really quickly\nyou might be able to witness the sunset twice in one day.\n\nBased on this principle it is possible to calculate the circumference of the\nEarth:\n\nMaterials:\n\n * A location where you can clearly view a sunrise or sunset over the ocean\n * A friend to help you measure the height of your eyes while laying down and while standing.\n * A measuring tape or meter stick\n * A stopwatch\n * Pen and paper to record times and heights\n\nDirections:\n\n 1. Go to a place where you can easily view the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. Be sure to check local weather reports to know the time of day to expect the sunrise or set.\n 2. If viewing a sunset, make your first measurement lying down on the ground and your second measurement while standing. If viewing a sunrise, do the opposite. From now on I will explain only the directions for the sunset, please make the necessary adjustments for the sunrise experiment.\n 3. Before the sunset, get a friend to measure the height of your eyes while you are lying down and still able to see the horizon where you expect the sunset.\n 4. Prepare a stopwatch to begin counting.\n 5. Wait for the sunset.\n 6. When the last bit of sun has disappeared, start the stop watch and quickly get up and stand in a position that is directly above where your eyes were when you were laying down.\n 7. You should be able to see the Sun set again.\n 8. Stop the stopwatch when you see the last bit of sun disappear again.\n 9. Have your friend measure the height to your eyes in the standing position.\n 10. Calculate the circumference of the Earth using the following two equations:\n\n * Distance to the horizon To see where this equation came from go to : http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Shorizon.htm\n\n * , Where R = The radius of the Earth\n\nh1 and h2= the height of your eyes during the two measurements (h1 should be\nthe bigger of the two heights)\n\ns=the number of seconds between sun sets\n\nS=the number of seconds in one day, which is equal to 60 seconds*60 minutes*24\nhours.\n\nThis equation is a proportion that assumes the Earth rotates once in 24 hours\nso that the difference between the distances to the horizon over the whole\ncircumference of the Earth is equal to the ratio of the time between your\nmeasurements and a whole day.\n\n * For example, if you measured 6 seconds in between the sunset when you were laying down with your eyes at a height of 10 cm off of the ground and the sunset when you were standing up at a height of 2m, then you would have to solve the two above equations for the radius of the Earth in terms of h_1 and h_2 (which are .10 m and 2 m) and the number of seconds in between sunsets:\n\nBack | Next \n \n---\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210829181016/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Long before anyone circumnavigated the globe or went into space, the ancient Greeks had figured out that the Earth is ball-shaped, rather than flat\",\n \"How can a 16-mile distance between two points in a picture look flat, he questioned: \\\"Where is the curve? please explain this.\\\" A torrent of similar tweets followed.\",\n \"Many people have tried to reason with him, including the astrophysicist and broadcaster Neil deGrasse Tyson. B.o.B has not been swayed.\",\n \"We at BBC Earth wouldn't usually weigh in on conspiracy theories, but we couldn't let this one go. For one thing \\\"Earth\\\" is in our name, and anyway we think it's fun to know how these big facts about the universe got discovered.\",\n \"Let's start with some pictures. Here is the Earth from one million miles away. This image was composed from a series of images taken by a NASA camera on the Deep Space Climate Observatory satellite.\",\n \"And here is a picture of the Earth from the Moon. The Moon, as we can all see when we look up, is also round.\",\n \"You will have your own view on the plausibility of that, but regardless, consider this: we knew the Earth was round long before we mastered space travel.\",\n \"In other words, you see different sets of stars in the night sky depending on where you are. The sky over the northern hemisphere is not the same as the sky over the southern hemisphere. If the Earth was flat, then at any given time we would all see the same stars, and we don't.\",\n \"He discovered that at noon in one Egyptian city, the Sun was directly overhead, whereas in a different city the Sun did not rise quite so high. Eratosthenes knew the distance between the two cities, measured how high in the sky the Sun rose to in each at the same time, then did some trigonometry. His method was crude, but his answer was in the right ballpark.\",\n \"More recently, people have gone all the way round the Earth. The Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan famously circumnavigated the Earth from 1519 to 1522, which would have been even more difficult if it had had an edge.\",\n \"But long before Magellan, it was obvious to observant sailors that the Earth is round. If you sail towards something tall, like a mountain, you will see the top of it appearing over the horizon before the rest of it.\",\n \"Copyright © 2021 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"BBC - Earth - We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years\\n\\nHomepage\\n\\n## Accessibility links\\n\\n * Skip to content\\n * Accessibility Help\\n\\nBBC Account\\n\\nNotifications\\n\\nSearch\\n\\nEarth Menu\\n\\n * Home\\n\\n * Attenborough's Story of Life\\n\\n * Big Questions\\n\\n * Discoveries\\n\\n * Video\\n\\n * Earth by email\\n\\n * About us\\n\\n * The Big Questions\\n * Earth\\n\\n# We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years\\n\\nLong before anyone circumnavigated the globe or went into space, the ancient\\nGreeks had figured out that the Earth is ball-shaped, rather than flat\\n\\n * Share on Facebook\\n\\n * Share on Twitter\\n\\n * Share on Reddit\\n\\n * Share on WhatsApp\\n\\n * Share on Google+\\n\\n * Share by Email\\n\\n * Share on Facebook\\n\\n * Share on Twitter\\n\\n * Share on Reddit\\n\\n * Share on StumbleUpon\\n\\n * Share on Google+\\n\\n * Share by Email\\n\\n * By Melissa Hogenboom\\n\\n26 January 2016\\n\\nThe well-known rapper B.o.B has been on a mission to convince his Twitter\\nfollowers that the Earth is flat.\\n\\nHow can a 16-mile distance between two points in a picture look flat, he\\nquestioned: \\\"Where is the curve? please explain this.\\\" A torrent of similar\\ntweets followed.\\n\\nMany people have tried to reason with him, including the astrophysicist and\\nbroadcaster Neil deGrasse Tyson. B.o.B has not been swayed.\\n\\nWe at BBC Earth wouldn't usually weigh in on conspiracy theories, but we\\ncouldn't let this one go. For one thing \\\"Earth\\\" is in our name, and anyway we\\nthink it's fun to know how these big facts about the universe got discovered.\\n\\nLet's start with some pictures. Here is the Earth from one million miles away.\\nThis image was composed from a series of images taken by a NASA camera on the\\nDeep Space Climate Observatory satellite.\\n\\nView image of Our round Earth (Credit: Nasa)\\n\\nAnd here is a picture of the Earth from the Moon. The Moon, as we can all see\\nwhen we look up, is also round.\\n\\nView image of A view of Earth from the moon (Credit: Nasa)\\n\\nNone of this concerns B.o.B, because he also claims that all such NASA imagery\\nis faked.\\n\\nYou will have your own view on the plausibility of that, but regardless,\\nconsider this: we knew the Earth was round long before we mastered space\\ntravel.\\n\\nOver 2,000 years ago, the Greek philosopher Aristotle had it all figured out.\\n\\n> The fact that Earth is round has been common knowledge ever since\\n\\nIn his book On the Heavens, he wrote: \\\"Again, our observations of the stars\\nmake it evident, not only that the Earth is circular, but also that it is a\\ncircle of no great size. For quite a small change of position to south or\\nnorth causes a manifest alteration of the horizon.\\\"\\n\\nIn other words, you see different sets of stars in the night sky depending on\\nwhere you are. The sky over the northern hemisphere is not the same as the sky\\nover the southern hemisphere. If the Earth was flat, then at any given time we\\nwould all see the same stars, and we don't.\\n\\nAnother Greek thinker and mathematician, Eratosthenes, went further and\\nmanaged to measure the Earth's circumference.\\n\\nHe discovered that at noon in one Egyptian city, the Sun was directly\\noverhead, whereas in a different city the Sun did not rise quite so high.\\nEratosthenes knew the distance between the two cities, measured how high in\\nthe sky the Sun rose to in each at the same time, then did some trigonometry.\\nHis method was crude, but his answer was in the right ballpark.\\n\\nThe fact that Earth is round has been common knowledge, at least among the\\neducated and powerful, ever since.\\n\\nMore recently, people have gone all the way round the Earth. The Portuguese\\nexplorer Ferdinand Magellan famously circumnavigated the Earth from 1519 to\\n1522, which would have been even more difficult if it had had an edge.\\n\\nBut long before Magellan, it was obvious to observant sailors that the Earth\\nis round. If you sail towards something tall, like a mountain, you will see\\nthe top of it appearing over the horizon before the rest of it.\\n\\n## Follow BBC Earth\\n\\n * Facebook\\n\\n * Twitter\\n\\n * Youtube\\n\\n * Instagram\\n\\n## Explore the BBC\\n\\n * Home\\n * News\\n * Sport\\n * Weather\\n * iPlayer\\n * Sounds\\n * CBBC\\n * CBeebies\\n * Food\\n * Bitesize\\n * Arts\\n * Taster\\n * Local\\n * Three\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * About the BBC\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Cookies\\n * Accessibility Help\\n * Parental Guidance\\n * Contact the BBC\\n * Get Personalised Newsletters\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\\nsites. Read about our approach to external linking.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210802102124/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I ask because an Internet conversation has surfaced among celebrities like former television personality Tila Tequila whereby they state the Earth is flat. On Monday, musician B.o.B took up the mantle on Twitter, spurring a spicy conversation with noted astrophysicist Neil DeGrasse Tyson. Tweets were exchanged on both sides, and eventually, rap songs too.\",\n \"Dear @bobatl, as an astrophysicist I don’t rap, but I know people who do. This one has my back: https://t.co/BbMi4tzHLz\",\n \"Any mere mortal can validate our planet’s shape with basic household items like lamps, rulers and soccer balls. So without further ado, here are seven ways that B.o.B, Miss Tequila or any round-Earth denier can convince themselves that the Earth is indeed round.\",\n \"Every now and again, the Earth passes between the moon and the sun, completely blocking its light and casting a shadow across the moon called a lunar eclipse. If you look closely while this happens, you would notice that the Earth’s shadow forms an arc as it creeps across our view of the moon.\",\n \"A combination photo shows the moon during a total lunar eclipse as seen from Mexico City, April 15, 2014. Photo by REUTERS/Edgard Garrido\",\n \"You might respond, “You’ve shown the Earth is round, but couldn’t it be round, but still flat — a flat disc?” Well, your eyes and telescope would also spot the 3D spherical nature of the moon. The Flat Earth Society does admit that the moon, the sun and other planets are indeed spherical, but claim that the “Earth is not a planet,” and unlike other celestial bodies, is flat.\",\n \"Experiment 2: Take a trip to San Francisco and Seattle Things you’ll need: A flight ticket, a long straight stick and a tape measure.\",\n \"As theoretical physicist Ethan Siegel explains in great detail, you, me and B.o.B have something in common: we can use the sun to witness the curvature of the Earth. Here is Siegel:\",\n \"...the Sun reaches a much higher point (and shines for more hours during the day) during the summer months, and reaches a significantly lower point (and shines for fewer hours) during the winter...\",\n \"In fact, if you charted out the Sun’s path through the daytime sky, you would find that it takes its lowest path (for the fewest number of hours) on the Winter Solstice — usually December 21st — and its highest path (for the greatest number of hours) on the Summer Solstice, usually June 21st.\",\n \"If you constructed a camera capable of photographing the Sun’s path through the sky over the course of the year, you would find exactly this: a series of arcs, where the highest, longest arc through the sky was made during the Summer Solstice and the lowest, shortest arc was made during the Winter Solstice.\",\n \"While a scholar at the library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes heard of a deep well in the southward city of Syene (now Aswan, Egypt). Once a year on the summer solstice, the citizens of Syene noticed that sunlight reflected off the well’s bottom. They also saw that sticks and tall buildings cast no shadows, suggesting the sun was directly overhead. But in Alexandria, on the same day, Eratosthenes found that sticks did cast a shadow. By measuring the angles of those shadows and by hiring surveyors to measure the distance between Syene and Alexandria, he not only was able to calculate the curvature between the two cities but also the circumference of the entire Earth.\",\n \"One of the keys to Eratosthenes discovery came from Syene being due south of Alexandria. Stated otherwise, they lie on the same meridian.\",\n \"Luckily, the same applies to San Francisco and Seattle. If B.o.B were to ever perform in the two cities on back-to-back days, he could replicate the work of Eratosthenes himself. If he heads to a park on both days, he could jab a meter stick in the ground, measure the angle that the shadow makes with the ground at high noon and reproduce Eratosthenes’ calculation.\",\n \"This experiment would work in any two cities on the same meridian, provided they’re 200 miles away from each other.\",\n \"Perhaps B.o.B and his entourage don’t have the air miles for a trip between San Francisco and Seattle. No problem. All they need is a beach on the Pacific Coast (or an unobstructed view of the horizon).\",\n \"As detailed by the folks at MinutePhysics, the horizon is one of the easiest ways to validate the Earth’s curvature. As the sun dips behind the horizon, it slips from your view in a bottom-up direction. If you watch the sunset while lying on your back, and then hop up as the last rays disappear, then you should be able to see the sunset again.\",\n \"The same pattern applies to ships as they sail away — their hulls disappear from the bottom up. As MinutePhysics points out, if the Earth didn’t curve and the horizon didn’t exist, when you looked at Chicago from across Lake Michigan, you’d be able to see the the Rocky Mountains.\",\n \"Experiment 4: Shadow games and time zones Things you’ll need: a 3D globe or soccer ball, a 2D world map and a bright lamp.\",\n \"It’s always daytime somewhere and nighttime somewhere else. Five centuries of calculations argue that’s because the Earth is a spinning globe upon which the sun’s rays strike from a single direction.\",\n \"You can test this idea with a lamp, a soccer ball and a dark room. Put the lamp and ball next to each other on a table. Now, turn off all the lights, and then switch on the lamp. Half of the ball should be illuminated, while the other half remains dark. If you want a facsimile of how this works for us, then replace the soccer ball with a globe.\",\n \"The Flat Earth Society offers an alternative: The sun is a sphere with a diameter of 32 miles that is located approximately 3,000 miles above the surface of the Earth. They argue that the sun moves like a crib’s mobile, circling above our flat planetary disc.\",\n \"If the sun is a spotlight, then why don’t we see sunbeams when they’re not shining directly over us? Image by Moriel Schottlender/smarterthanthat.com\",\n \"The problem with this spotlight hypothesis is the sun doesn’t behave like a spotlight. Imagine you’re at a Broadway show, and you see a spotlight shining on a lead actor. You can see the light beams hitting their face, yet you’re sitting in darkness. But on Earth, you can’t stand in an open area and then look off in the distance and see the neighboring land basked in light.\",\n \"Experiment 5: Ride a merry-go-round Things you’ll need: a ball, a merry-go- round and an adjacent jungle gym to stand upon.\",\n \"Have you ever wondered why hurricanes swirl in one direction? The reason is the Coriolis Effect, and as National Geographic demonstrates, you can witness the same effect on a merry-go-round.\",\n \"In the video, a woman wants to throw a ball toward someone sitting across from her while spinning counter clockwise on a merry-go-round. But rather than go straight, the ball appears to curve and land to her right. What gives?\",\n \"If you hang a camera from above the roundabout, like these scientists from MIT did, you can see what happens. The ball does move in a straight line, but as a catcher rotates on the ride, he moves out of the ball’s path.\",\n \"What the Coriolis effect looks like if standing freely above a merry-go-round. Image by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\",\n \"What the Coriolis effect looks like if riding on a merry-go-round. Image by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\",\n \"The Earth is wider at the equator, so it rotates faster there than at the poles. Wind wants to push across the planet in straight lines from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, but the Earth’s roundness and rotation make the air flows appear to deflect off course. Peering down from space on the Northern Hemisphere, hurricane winds appear to deflect right, while the opposite happens below the equator.\",\n \"Alternatively, if you tried to toss a paper plane in a straight line from the equator to a friend in North America, it would appear to curve out of the way. The same would happen if you flew in a straight line from the equatorial city of Quito, Ecuador to New York City. As you journeyed north in the sky, the Earth would rotate beneath you, moving New York City out of your path.\",\n \"Space tourism is another option for those interested in seeing the Earth’s curves. The trip will cost upwards of $40 million, but once there, a celebrity can capture all sorts of footage of the planet’s roundness. Just look at these photos from Guy Laliberté, the former CEO of Cirque du Soleil, who traveled to the International Space Station in 2009.\",\n \"Space Station Flyover of the Mediterranean. Expedition 46 flight engineer Tim Peake of the European Space Agency (ESA) shared this stunning nighttime photograph with his social media followers on Jan. 25, 2016, writing, “Beautiful night pass over Italy, Alps and Mediterranean.” Photo by European Space Agency/NASA.\",\n \"The Earth is seen rising above the lunar horizon from the Apollo 8 spacecraft on Christmas Eve, Dec. 24, 1968. Photo by NASA\",\n \"Ok, the act of dunking a basketball doesn’t prove the Earth is round, but it does offer an opportunity for a confession: I’ve never been able to dunk a basketball. In my early 20s, I came close. I could jump and grab a 10-foot- high rim. I could even throw down a tennis ball, but my vertical leap couldn’t reach a height that allowed my hand to extend a basketball over a rim.\",\n \"By contrast, my 6’8′′ roommate Justin could dunk with ease. Now, I could have chosen to believe Justin’s jams were linked to something other than his height. Maybe his shoes had magic properties that lifted his body to loftier heights?\",\n \"But throughout middle school and high school, something happened. My leaps improved the more that I played basketball. Growing calf muscles and month after month of countless jump shots corresponded with getting closer and closer to the rim. Justin trained too, and our confidence in the benefits of practicing grew as our leaps did.\",\n \"Aside from the sun spotlight concept, Flat Earthers present a wide variety of explanations to discredit everything written above, such as:\",\n \"Lunar eclipses are caused by a second object in space — an anti-moon — that blocks our view of the regular moon. (But if that’s the case, why can’t we see the anti-moon at other times?)\",\n \"Left: Musician B.o.B claimed this week that the Earth is flat, but how does a person confirm the Earth's curves? Photo by REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round | PBS\\nNewsHour\\n\\n## Educate your inbox\\n\\nSubscribe to Here’s the Deal, our politics newsletter for analysis you won’t\\nfind anywhere else.\\n\\n## What do you think? Leave a respectful comment.\\n\\nPBS NewsHour\\n\\nBy —\\n\\nNsikan Akpan Nsikan Akpan\\n\\n * https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round\\n\\n * Email\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * LinkedIn\\n * Pinterest\\n * Tumblr\\n\\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter\\n\\n# 7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round\\n\\nScience\\n\\nJan 27, 2016 2:25 PM EDT\\n\\n“The Earth is round.” Teachers say it. Scientists say it. But how do they\\nknow?\\n\\nI ask because an Internet conversation has surfaced among celebrities like\\nformer television personality Tila Tequila whereby they state the Earth is\\nflat. On Monday, musician B.o.B took up the mantle on Twitter, spurring a\\nspicy conversation with noted astrophysicist Neil DeGrasse Tyson. Tweets were\\nexchanged on both sides, and eventually, rap songs too.\\n\\n> Dear @bobatl, as an astrophysicist I don’t rap, but I know people who do.\\n> This one has my back: https://t.co/BbMi4tzHLz\\n>\\n> — Neil deGrasse Tyson (@neiltyson) January 26, 2016\\n\\nMiss Tequila and B.o.B aren’t alone. Flat Earth thinking dates back thousands\\nof years, when early societies like the Sumerians, Babylonians and Ancient\\nEgyptians believed that the planet resembled a pancake. Christopher Columbus\\nis often miscredited for correcting this idea and discovering the Earth’s\\ncurves by not sailing off its edge, but in fact, it was Ancient Greeks, such\\nas Aristotle and Pythagoras, around 2,400 – 2,600 years ago, who first\\nproposed that the Earth was round.\\n\\nBut you’re not here for a history lesson. You’re here for experiments!\\n\\nAny mere mortal can validate our planet’s shape with basic household items\\nlike lamps, rulers and soccer balls. So without further ado, here are seven\\nways that B.o.B, Miss Tequila or any round-Earth denier can convince\\nthemselves that the Earth is indeed round.\\n\\nExperiment 1: Watch a lunar eclipse Things you’ll need: functioning eyes, the\\nmoon, and a telescope (optional).\\n\\nEvery now and again, the Earth passes between the moon and the sun, completely\\nblocking its light and casting a shadow across the moon called a lunar\\neclipse. If you look closely while this happens, you would notice that the\\nEarth’s shadow forms an arc as it creeps across our view of the moon.\\n\\nA combination photo shows the moon during a total lunar eclipse as seen from\\nMexico City, April 15, 2014. Photo by REUTERS/Edgard Garrido\\n\\nYou might respond, “You’ve shown the Earth is round, but couldn’t it be round,\\nbut still flat — a flat disc?” Well, your eyes and telescope would also spot\\nthe 3D spherical nature of the moon. The Flat Earth Society does admit that\\nthe moon, the sun and other planets are indeed spherical, but claim that the\\n“Earth is not a planet,” and unlike other celestial bodies, is flat.\\n\\nSo let’s ignore the moon for now and examine the other member of the eclipse\\ntrifecta: the sun.\\n\\nExperiment 2: Take a trip to San Francisco and Seattle Things you’ll need: A\\nflight ticket, a long straight stick and a tape measure.\\n\\nAs theoretical physicist Ethan Siegel explains in great detail, you, me and\\nB.o.B have something in common: we can use the sun to witness the curvature of\\nthe Earth. Here is Siegel:\\n\\n...the Sun reaches a much higher point (and shines for more hours during the\\nday) during the summer months, and reaches a significantly lower point (and\\nshines for fewer hours) during the winter...\\n\\nIn fact, if you charted out the Sun’s path through the daytime sky, you would\\nfind that it takes its lowest path (for the fewest number of hours) on the\\nWinter Solstice — usually December 21st — and its highest path (for the\\ngreatest number of hours) on the Summer Solstice, usually June 21st.\\n\\nIf you constructed a camera capable of photographing the Sun’s path through\\nthe sky over the course of the year, you would find exactly this: a series of\\narcs, where the highest, longest arc through the sky was made during the\\nSummer Solstice and the lowest, shortest arc was made during the Winter\\nSolstice.\\n\\nOn a midsummer’s day more than two millennia ago, Ancient Greek astronomer\\nEratosthenes of Cyrene noticed this too.\\n\\nWhile a scholar at the library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes heard of a deep\\nwell in the southward city of Syene (now Aswan, Egypt). Once a year on the\\nsummer solstice, the citizens of Syene noticed that sunlight reflected off the\\nwell’s bottom. They also saw that sticks and tall buildings cast no shadows,\\nsuggesting the sun was directly overhead. But in Alexandria, on the same day,\\nEratosthenes found that sticks did cast a shadow. By measuring the angles of\\nthose shadows and by hiring surveyors to measure the distance between Syene\\nand Alexandria, he not only was able to calculate the curvature between the\\ntwo cities but also the circumference of the entire Earth.\\n\\nLuckily, B.o.B doesn’t need to travel to Egypt to replicate this test, he need\\nonly visit our West Coast.\\n\\nHow did Eratosthenes calculate the circumference of the Earth? Video by Math\\nCentre\\n\\nOne of the keys to Eratosthenes discovery came from Syene being due south of\\nAlexandria. Stated otherwise, they lie on the same meridian.\\n\\nLuckily, the same applies to San Francisco and Seattle. If B.o.B were to ever\\nperform in the two cities on back-to-back days, he could replicate the work of\\nEratosthenes himself. If he heads to a park on both days, he could jab a meter\\nstick in the ground, measure the angle that the shadow makes with the ground\\nat high noon and reproduce Eratosthenes’ calculation.\\n\\nThis experiment would work in any two cities on the same meridian, provided\\nthey’re 200 miles away from each other.\\n\\nExperiment 3. Watch the sunset lying down Things you’ll need: The ground and\\nthe horizon.\\n\\nA sunset is seen on Naples beach in Naples, Florida on May 6, 2015. Photo by\\nAriel Min/PBS NewsHour\\n\\nPerhaps B.o.B and his entourage don’t have the air miles for a trip between\\nSan Francisco and Seattle. No problem. All they need is a beach on the Pacific\\nCoast (or an unobstructed view of the horizon).\\n\\nAs detailed by the folks at MinutePhysics, the horizon is one of the easiest\\nways to validate the Earth’s curvature. As the sun dips behind the horizon, it\\nslips from your view in a bottom-up direction. If you watch the sunset while\\nlying on your back, and then hop up as the last rays disappear, then you\\nshould be able to see the sunset again.\\n\\nThe same pattern applies to ships as they sail away — their hulls disappear\\nfrom the bottom up. As MinutePhysics points out, if the Earth didn’t curve and\\nthe horizon didn’t exist, when you looked at Chicago from across Lake\\nMichigan, you’d be able to see the the Rocky Mountains.\\n\\nExperiment 4: Shadow games and time zones Things you’ll need: a 3D globe or\\nsoccer ball, a 2D world map and a bright lamp.\\n\\nIt’s always daytime somewhere and nighttime somewhere else. Five centuries of\\ncalculations argue that’s because the Earth is a spinning globe upon which the\\nsun’s rays strike from a single direction.\\n\\nYou can test this idea with a lamp, a soccer ball and a dark room. Put the\\nlamp and ball next to each other on a table. Now, turn off all the lights, and\\nthen switch on the lamp. Half of the ball should be illuminated, while the\\nother half remains dark. If you want a facsimile of how this works for us,\\nthen replace the soccer ball with a globe.\\n\\nThe Flat Earth Society offers an alternative: The sun is a sphere with a\\ndiameter of 32 miles that is located approximately 3,000 miles above the\\nsurface of the Earth. They argue that the sun moves like a crib’s mobile,\\ncircling above our flat planetary disc.\\n\\nIf the sun is a spotlight, then why don’t we see sunbeams when they’re not\\nshining directly over us? Image by Moriel Schottlender/smarterthanthat.com\\n\\nThe problem with this spotlight hypothesis is the sun doesn’t behave like a\\nspotlight. Imagine you’re at a Broadway show, and you see a spotlight shining\\non a lead actor. You can see the light beams hitting their face, yet you’re\\nsitting in darkness. But on Earth, you can’t stand in an open area and then\\nlook off in the distance and see the neighboring land basked in light.\\n\\nThat’s because the Earth’s curvature creates distinct places where light can\\nland, which forms the basis of timezones.\\n\\nExperiment 5: Ride a merry-go-round Things you’ll need: a ball, a merry-go-\\nround and an adjacent jungle gym to stand upon.\\n\\nHave you ever wondered why hurricanes swirl in one direction? The reason is\\nthe Coriolis Effect, and as National Geographic demonstrates, you can witness\\nthe same effect on a merry-go-round.\\n\\nIn the video, a woman wants to throw a ball toward someone sitting across from\\nher while spinning counter clockwise on a merry-go-round. But rather than go\\nstraight, the ball appears to curve and land to her right. What gives?\\n\\nIf you hang a camera from above the roundabout, like these scientists from MIT\\ndid, you can see what happens. The ball does move in a straight line, but as a\\ncatcher rotates on the ride, he moves out of the ball’s path.\\n\\nWhat the Coriolis effect looks like if standing freely above a merry-go-round.\\nImage by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\\n\\nIn contrast, if the camera is attached to and spins with the merry-go-round,\\nthe ball appears to curve.\\n\\nWhat the Coriolis effect looks like if riding on a merry-go-round. Image by\\nTechnical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\\n\\nThe Earth is wider at the equator, so it rotates faster there than at the\\npoles. Wind wants to push across the planet in straight lines from areas of\\nhigh pressure to areas of low pressure, but the Earth’s roundness and rotation\\nmake the air flows appear to deflect off course. Peering down from space on\\nthe Northern Hemisphere, hurricane winds appear to deflect right, while the\\nopposite happens below the equator.\\n\\nAlternatively, if you tried to toss a paper plane in a straight line from the\\nequator to a friend in North America, it would appear to curve out of the way.\\nThe same would happen if you flew in a straight line from the equatorial city\\nof Quito, Ecuador to New York City. As you journeyed north in the sky, the\\nEarth would rotate beneath you, moving New York City out of your path.\\n\\nExperiment 6: Travel to space! Things you’ll need: buckets of money\\n\\nSpace tourism is another option for those interested in seeing the Earth’s\\ncurves. The trip will cost upwards of $40 million, but once there, a celebrity\\ncan capture all sorts of footage of the planet’s roundness. Just look at these\\nphotos from Guy Laliberté, the former CEO of Cirque du Soleil, who traveled to\\nthe International Space Station in 2009.\\n\\nOr take a gander at any number of photos collected by astronauts and\\nsatellites over the last half century.\\n\\nSpace Station Flyover of the Mediterranean. Expedition 46 flight engineer Tim\\nPeake of the European Space Agency (ESA) shared this stunning nighttime\\nphotograph with his social media followers on Jan. 25, 2016, writing,\\n“Beautiful night pass over Italy, Alps and Mediterranean.” Photo by European\\nSpace Agency/NASA.\\n\\nThe Earth is seen rising above the lunar horizon from the Apollo 8 spacecraft\\non Christmas Eve, Dec. 24, 1968. Photo by NASA\\n\\nExperiment 7: Dunk a basketball\\n\\nOk, the act of dunking a basketball doesn’t prove the Earth is round, but it\\ndoes offer an opportunity for a confession: I’ve never been able to dunk a\\nbasketball. In my early 20s, I came close. I could jump and grab a 10-foot-\\nhigh rim. I could even throw down a tennis ball, but my vertical leap couldn’t\\nreach a height that allowed my hand to extend a basketball over a rim.\\n\\nBy contrast, my 6’8′′ roommate Justin could dunk with ease. Now, I could have\\nchosen to believe Justin’s jams were linked to something other than his\\nheight. Maybe his shoes had magic properties that lifted his body to loftier\\nheights?\\n\\nBut throughout middle school and high school, something happened. My leaps\\nimproved the more that I played basketball. Growing calf muscles and month\\nafter month of countless jump shots corresponded with getting closer and\\ncloser to the rim. Justin trained too, and our confidence in the benefits of\\npracticing grew as our leaps did.\\n\\nAside from the sun spotlight concept, Flat Earthers present a wide variety of\\nexplanations to discredit everything written above, such as:\\n\\nLunar eclipses are caused by a second object in space — an anti-moon — that\\nblocks our view of the regular moon. (But if that’s the case, why can’t we see\\nthe anti-moon at other times?)\\n\\nEratosthenes’ measurements didn’t validate the planet’s curves, but rather\\nthat the sun moves away and toward a flat Earth.\\n\\nFlat Earther concepts don’t stack up, especially when placed against modern\\ntechnology like global air travel...or telescopes.\\n\\nInstead, their ideas require leaps of faith that far outpace a 5’0 teenager\\nstretching his fingers toward a rim.\\n\\nLeft: Musician B.o.B claimed this week that the Earth is flat, but how does a\\nperson confirm the Earth's curves? Photo by REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni\\n\\n## Go Deeper\\n\\n * basic research\\n * earth\\n * math\\n * science wednesday\\n * space\\n\\nBy —\\n\\nNsikan Akpan Nsikan Akpan\\n\\nNsikan Akpan is the digital science producer for PBS NewsHour and co-creator\\nof the award-winning, NewsHour digital series ScienceScope.\\n\\n@MoNscience\\n\\nSupport Provided By: Learn more\\n\\n### Educate your inbox\\n\\nSubscribe to Here’s the Deal, our politics newsletter for analysis you won’t\\nfind anywhere else.\\n\\nFull Episode\\n\\nSunday, Aug 1\\n\\nAdditional Support Provided By:\\n\\nPBS NewsHour\\n\\n© 1996 - 2021 NewsHour Productions LLC. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\nSections\\n\\n * The Latest\\n * Politics\\n * Arts\\n * Nation\\n * World\\n * Economy\\n * Science\\n * Health\\n * Education\\n\\nAbout\\n\\n * About Us\\n * TV Schedule\\n * Press\\n * Feedback\\n * Funders\\n * Support\\n * Subscribe\\n * NewsHour West\\n * Jobs\\n * Privacy\\n\\nStay Connected\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * YouTube\\n * RSS\\n\\nSubscribe to ‘Here's the Deal,’ our politics newsletter\\n\\n## Support our journalism\\n\\nLearn more about Friends of the NewsHour.\\n\\nSupport for NewsHour Provided By\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143842/http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The Earth's Curvature is Tasty\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If I sail a ship to the far far seas, continue on, and on, and on and– well, you got the point. Where will I find myself? Well, if I travel in a more-or- less straight line (ignoring weather or geography, or time constraints, or my pending homework) I will end up right where I started. Why? Because the Earth is round. Duh.\",\n \"Today we have a lot of sophisticated (and simple) methods of calculating the curvature and size of the earth. But how did humanity figure this out in the first place? I mean.. it’s so easy, without the help of satellites, airplanes and Jules Verne, to look at the flat horizon and mistake the earth for a flat table top. How could anyone figure out not only that the world is not flat, but also calculate the size of its radius?\",\n \"Well, when in doubt, try it out. Hey.. I think I like that motto. It’s rhyming, and rhymes are usually true. Just ask Dr Seuss.\",\n \"So, a long time ago, people believed the earth was flat, and that if someone was to go away off to the horizon, he (or she) would fall off the end of it.\",\n \"We look at this ancient concept as ridiculous today. We al know that the flatness of the horizon is an illusion. We have more than enough proof today to see absolutely that the world is definitely curved, but it is for the ingenuity of people like Erastosthenes of Cyrene that humanity knew about this so long ago.\",\n \"Eratosthenes was a greek scholar that lived in 275-194 B.C. in Alexandria (Egypt). Some even say he was the curator of the library of Alexandria. One day, he had a bright idea. Actully, it wasn’t just any day, it was the summer solstice, and it wasn’t just any idea, it was a brilliant experiment. But, let’s not dwell on the tiny details. He was very smart and he acted on it.\",\n \"He received word that on that summer solstice day the sun is reflected perfectly in a deep well in Syene. But at the same time and same day, in Alexandria, the sun wasn’t reflected perfectly in the same type of well. Why?\",\n \"It occured to him that the only way that could have happened is if the earth was not flat. Using simple trigonometry, he managed to calculate the radius and diameter of the earth. In this experiment, we do the same, only we use a Pummelo. Because it’s easier. And tastier.\",\n \"The pummelo represents the earth. Nevermind it isn’t perfectly round – the earth isn’t either, and we are only trying to see the method, not actually calculate the radius of the fruit.\",\n \"Wow, there’s a lot of reasons to have that, but they are less important than you would have thought. If our goal was to accurately calculate the circumference of the earth (or the fruit) then our method is not perfect at all.\",\n \"The fruit was far from being spherical. It was almost cubic at some pionts, flat at others, and had lots of bumps on it. The radius on one small section of it is not necessarily the radius on another point on it. So, error margin in that matter is quite obvious.\",\n \"But Eratosthenes’ method is important not necessarily because of the numerical result, but for its significance in discovering the world is a sphere. Remember, Galileo Galilei almost lost his head over this idea (among others), and that was about 2000 years after Eratosthenes.\",\n \"Not to mention many of us learned the (sadly, very common) misconception that Christopher Columbus is the explorer who discovered the world is round.\",\n \"Humanity was Smarter Than That a long time ago, and Eratosthenes’ ingenious way of estimating the circumference verifies it completely.\",\n \"© 2018 by Moriel Schottlender. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The Earth's Curvature is Tasty | SmarterThanThat\\n\\n## The Earth’s Curvature is Tasty\\n\\nPublished: 23 March 2008\\n\\nWritten by Moriel Schottlender\\n\\n13 Comments\\n\\nCategories: Astronomy, Experiments, Physics\\n\\nShare47\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nShare\\n\\n47 Shares\\n\\nIf I sail a ship to the far far seas, continue on, and on, and on and– well,\\nyou got the point. Where will I find myself? Well, if I travel in a more-or-\\nless straight line (ignoring weather or geography, or time constraints, or my\\npending homework) I will end up right where I started. Why? Because the Earth\\nis round. Duh.\\n\\nToday we have a lot of sophisticated (and simple) methods of calculating the\\ncurvature and size of the earth. But how did humanity figure this out in the\\nfirst place? I mean.. it’s so easy, without the help of satellites, airplanes\\nand Jules Verne, to look at the flat horizon and mistake the earth for a flat\\ntable top. How could anyone figure out not only that the world is not flat,\\nbut also calculate the size of its radius?\\n\\nWell, when in doubt, try it out. Hey.. I think I like that motto. It’s\\nrhyming, and rhymes are usually true. Just ask Dr Seuss.\\n\\nPlus.. it works!\\n\\nSo, a long time ago, people believed the earth was flat, and that if someone\\nwas to go away off to the horizon, he (or she) would fall off the end of it.\\n\\nWe look at this ancient concept as ridiculous today. We al know that the\\nflatness of the horizon is an illusion. We have more than enough proof today\\nto see absolutely that the world is definitely curved, but it is for the\\ningenuity of people like Erastosthenes of Cyrene that humanity knew about this\\nso long ago.\\n\\nEratosthenes was a greek scholar that lived in 275-194 B.C. in Alexandria\\n(Egypt). Some even say he was the curator of the library of Alexandria. One\\nday, he had a bright idea. Actully, it wasn’t just any day, it was the summer\\nsolstice, and it wasn’t just any idea, it was a brilliant experiment. But,\\nlet’s not dwell on the tiny details. He was very smart and he acted on it.\\n\\nHe received word that on that summer solstice day the sun is reflected\\nperfectly in a deep well in Syene. But at the same time and same day, in\\nAlexandria, the sun wasn’t reflected perfectly in the same type of well. Why?\\n\\nIt occured to him that the only way that could have happened is if the earth\\nwas not flat. Using simple trigonometry, he managed to calculate the radius\\nand diameter of the earth. In this experiment, we do the same, only we use a\\nPummelo. Because it’s easier. And tastier.\\n\\n## Materials Needed for the Experiment:\\n\\n * Any type of round, big, (preferably tasty) fruit. I used a Red Pummelo, but a Watermelon will work too.\\n * Small sticks to simulate Eratosthenes’ big sticks.\\n * One bright and focused lamp.\\n * A ruler.\\n * A sharpie.\\n\\nThe pummelo represents the earth. Nevermind it isn’t perfectly round – the\\nearth isn’t either, and we are only trying to see the method, not actually\\ncalculate the radius of the fruit.\\n\\n## Error Margin\\n\\nWow, there’s a lot of reasons to have that, but they are less important than\\nyou would have thought. If our goal was to accurately calculate the\\ncircumference of the earth (or the fruit) then our method is not perfect at\\nall.\\n\\nThe fruit was far from being spherical. It was almost cubic at some pionts,\\nflat at others, and had lots of bumps on it. The radius on one small section\\nof it is not necessarily the radius on another point on it. So, error margin\\nin that matter is quite obvious.\\n\\nBut Eratosthenes’ method is important not necessarily because of the numerical\\nresult, but for its significance in discovering the world is a sphere.\\nRemember, Galileo Galilei almost lost his head over this idea (among others),\\nand that was about 2000 years after Eratosthenes.\\n\\nNot to mention many of us learned the (sadly, very common) misconception that\\nChristopher Columbus is the explorer who discovered the world is round.\\n\\nWrong!!\\n\\nHumanity was Smarter Than That a long time ago, and Eratosthenes’ ingenious\\nway of estimating the circumference verifies it completely.\\n\\n## Resources:\\n\\n### Eratosthenes:\\n\\n * http://outreach.as.utexas.edu/marykay/assignments/eratos1.html\\n * http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Eratosthenes.html\\n * http://www.eranet.gr/eratosthenes/html/eoc.html\\n\\n### Earth Radius:\\n\\n * http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html\\n * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_radius\\n\\n### Trigonometry Reminder:\\n\\n * http://www.clarku.edu/~djoyce/trig/right.html\\n * http://oakroadsystems.com/math/trig10.htm\\n\\n### Flat Earth (not!):\\n\\n * http://www.badastronomy.com/bablog/2007/09/19/how-wrong-is-the-flat-earth/\\n * “Flat Earth Society” (from “The Skeptic’s Guide to the Universe” blog: http://www.theskepticsguide.org/sgublog/?p=115\\n\\n### Red Pummelo is good for you:\\n\\n * http://www.all-creatures.org/recipes/i-pummelo-red.html\\n\\nShare47\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nShare\\n\\n47 Shares\\n\\n### SciencingMinecraft: Discover the physics of a new universe\\n\\n### Recent Posts\\n\\n * Sciencing Minecraft: Measuring time June 25, 2020\\n * Sciencing Minecraft: A new project June 25, 2020\\n * Buffyverse Physics: It’s about Time (Pt 2: Energy) September 1, 2018\\n * Buffyverse Physics: It’s about Time (Pt 1: Relativity) August 21, 2018\\n * Buffyverse Physics: Vampire Thermodynamics August 16, 2018\\n\\n### Categories\\n\\n * Analysis Articles\\n * Astronomy\\n * Biology\\n * Buffy the Vampire Slayer\\n * Chemistry\\n * Critical Thinking\\n * Experiments\\n * Explicit\\n * Minecraft\\n * News\\n * Party Trick\\n * Physics\\n * PhysicsQuest2011\\n * Study Guides\\n\\n### I’m on Twitter!\\n\\nMoriel SchottlenderFollow\\n\\nMoriel Schottlender@mooeypoo·\\n\\n9h\\n\\nThis hits way too close to home\\n\\nIan Coldwater 📦💥@IanColdwater\\n\\n\\\"haha I got really good at breaking things! this is awesome\\\"\\n\\n\\\"ok, you are now responsible for the security of the things\\\"\\n\\n\\\"oh no\\\" https://t.co/qsVL9KiE0f\\n\\nReply on Twitter 1364812722123141122Retweet on Twitter 1364812722123141122Like\\non Twitter 13648127221231411223Twitter 1364812722123141122\\n\\nRetweet on TwitterMoriel Schottlender Retweeted\\n\\nJoshua Tauberer@JoshData·\\n\\n19 Feb\\n\\nCouldn't help myself. Draw an iceberg and see how it would actually float in\\nwater: https://t.co/HSqRwjVVk7 https://t.co/ziobrmDknV\\n\\nReply on Twitter 1362869305310801922Retweet on Twitter\\n13628693053108019222945Like on Twitter 13628693053108019227925Twitter\\n1362869305310801922\\n\\nLoad More...\\n\\n## Interesting stuff\\n\\n###### I do more things\\n\\n * Web dev musing\\n * My short fiction\\n * Code on Github\\n\\n###### Other websites and tools\\n\\n * Dynamic Buffy Calculators\\n * Neutrality.wtf: Switch gender pronouns\\n * Right-to-Left on the web\\n\\n© 2018 by Moriel Schottlender. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons\\nAttribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. As an Amazon Associate I\\nearn from qualifying purchases.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425021315/https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Measuring the Earth's Curvature Activity\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Here is a quick experiment, designed to show that the earth is round and to calculate its circumference. It is easy to do if you are in the right location. Unfortunately, in order to do this experiment properly you must have a clear view of the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. The idea behind the experiment is this: if the Earth is round, then objects which travel away from you along the surface of the Earth will disappear from view at a certain distance. More interesting is that they disappear from the bottom up. Think of a friend walking over a hill. If you watch her from one side of the hill as she walks over the hill, her feet will disappear first and then her legs and body followed by her head. This is one way ancient sailors knew that the Earth must be rounded like a hill. They could see the tall masts of ships long after their hulls as the boats receded far away. To see why this effect occurs, look at the diagram below:\",\n \"As the Earth rotates, the view from the top of the pink stick changes to reveal the sun or make the sun disappear depending upon which way the Earth is rotating. If the Earth rotates as shown the Sun will disappear. (Note: this diagram is NOT to scale.) Looking at the following diagram you can see that if you watched the sunset from a low point of view and then got up really quickly you might be able to witness the sunset twice in one day.\",\n \"* A location where you can clearly view a sunrise or sunset over the ocean\\n* A friend to help you measure the height of your eyes while laying down and while standing.\\n* A measuring tape or meter stick\\n* A stopwatch\\n* Pen and paper to record times and heights\\nDirections:\",\n \"1. Go to a place where you can easily view the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. Be sure to check local weather reports to know the time of day to expect the sunrise or set.\\n2. If viewing a sunset, make your first measurement lying down on the ground and your second measurement while standing. If viewing a sunrise, do the opposite. From now on I will explain only the directions for the sunset, please make the necessary adjustments for the sunrise experiment.\\n3. Before the sunset, get a friend to measure the height of your eyes while you are lying down and still able to see the horizon where you expect the sunset.\\n4. Prepare a stopwatch to begin counting.\\n5. Wait for the sunset.\\n6. When the last bit of sun has disappeared, start the stop watch and quickly get up and stand in a position that is directly above where your eyes were when you were laying down.\\n7. You should be able to see the Sun set again.\\n8. Stop the stopwatch when you see the last bit of sun disappear again.\\n9. Have your friend measure the height to your eyes in the standing position.\\n10. Calculate the circumference of the Earth using the following two equations:\\n\\n* Distance to the horizon To see where this equation came from go to : http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Shorizon.htm\\n\\n* , Where R = The radius of the Earth\\nh1 and h2= the height of your eyes during the two measurements (h1 should be the bigger of the two heights)\",\n \"This equation is a proportion that assumes the Earth rotates once in 24 hours so that the difference between the distances to the horizon over the whole circumference of the Earth is equal to the ratio of the time between your measurements and a whole day.\",\n \"* For example, if you measured 6 seconds in between the sunset when you were laying down with your eyes at a height of 10 cm off of the ground and the sunset when you were standing up at a height of 2m, then you would have to solve the two above equations for the radius of the Earth in terms of h_1 and h_2 (which are .10 m and 2 m) and the number of seconds in between sunsets:\\nBack | Next\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Measuring the Earth's Curvature Activity\\n\\nHere is a quick experiment, designed to show that the earth is round and to\\ncalculate its circumference. It is easy to do if you are in the right\\nlocation. Unfortunately, in order to do this experiment properly you must have\\na clear view of the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. The idea behind the\\nexperiment is this: if the Earth is round, then objects which travel away from\\nyou along the surface of the Earth will disappear from view at a certain\\ndistance. More interesting is that they disappear from the bottom up. Think of\\na friend walking over a hill. If you watch her from one side of the hill as\\nshe walks over the hill, her feet will disappear first and then her legs and\\nbody followed by her head. This is one way ancient sailors knew that the Earth\\nmust be rounded like a hill. They could see the tall masts of ships long after\\ntheir hulls as the boats receded far away. To see why this effect occurs, look\\nat the diagram below:\\n\\nAs the Earth rotates, the view from the top of the pink stick changes to\\nreveal the sun or make the sun disappear depending upon which way the Earth is\\nrotating. If the Earth rotates as shown the Sun will disappear. (Note: this\\ndiagram is NOT to scale.) Looking at the following diagram you can see that if\\nyou watched the sunset from a low point of view and then got up really quickly\\nyou might be able to witness the sunset twice in one day.\\n\\nBased on this principle it is possible to calculate the circumference of the\\nEarth:\\n\\nMaterials:\\n\\n * A location where you can clearly view a sunrise or sunset over the ocean\\n * A friend to help you measure the height of your eyes while laying down and while standing.\\n * A measuring tape or meter stick\\n * A stopwatch\\n * Pen and paper to record times and heights\\n\\nDirections:\\n\\n 1. Go to a place where you can easily view the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. Be sure to check local weather reports to know the time of day to expect the sunrise or set.\\n 2. If viewing a sunset, make your first measurement lying down on the ground and your second measurement while standing. If viewing a sunrise, do the opposite. From now on I will explain only the directions for the sunset, please make the necessary adjustments for the sunrise experiment.\\n 3. Before the sunset, get a friend to measure the height of your eyes while you are lying down and still able to see the horizon where you expect the sunset.\\n 4. Prepare a stopwatch to begin counting.\\n 5. Wait for the sunset.\\n 6. When the last bit of sun has disappeared, start the stop watch and quickly get up and stand in a position that is directly above where your eyes were when you were laying down.\\n 7. You should be able to see the Sun set again.\\n 8. Stop the stopwatch when you see the last bit of sun disappear again.\\n 9. Have your friend measure the height to your eyes in the standing position.\\n 10. Calculate the circumference of the Earth using the following two equations:\\n\\n * Distance to the horizon To see where this equation came from go to : http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Shorizon.htm\\n\\n * , Where R = The radius of the Earth\\n\\nh1 and h2= the height of your eyes during the two measurements (h1 should be\\nthe bigger of the two heights)\\n\\ns=the number of seconds between sun sets\\n\\nS=the number of seconds in one day, which is equal to 60 seconds*60 minutes*24\\nhours.\\n\\nThis equation is a proportion that assumes the Earth rotates once in 24 hours\\nso that the difference between the distances to the horizon over the whole\\ncircumference of the Earth is equal to the ratio of the time between your\\nmeasurements and a whole day.\\n\\n * For example, if you measured 6 seconds in between the sunset when you were laying down with your eyes at a height of 10 cm off of the ground and the sunset when you were standing up at a height of 2m, then you would have to solve the two above equations for the radius of the Earth in terms of h_1 and h_2 (which are .10 m and 2 m) and the number of seconds in between sunsets:\\n\\nBack | Next \\n \\n---\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":353,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":4971152,"string":"4,971,152"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Tame Your Chinchilla"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To tame your chinchilla, start by opening the door of its cage once a day and placing your hand in the opening so it can get used to your presence. Once it gets used to your hand, try petting it gently with your fingertips, making sure to avoid its face and tail. After a few days, allow your chinchilla to walk onto your open palm so it can explore and start to trust you. When it's no longer afraid of you, pick it up gently with both hands and hold it close to your body for warmth and support."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200302053159/http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210513100913/https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20150906125415/http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200302053159/http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210513100913/https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150906125415/http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2225,"string":"2,225"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200302053159/http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Taming A Chinchilla","passages":["Taming a chinchilla needs to be done slowly if you are to build trust and bond together. The time it takes for a chinchilla to bond and trust you can vary as each chinchilla and its current situation is individual. In all cases the procedure for taming a chinchilla is the same and should never be rushed - a chinchilla will let you know when it is ready and if you push them too quickly (they have great memories), a week's progress can suffer a sever prolonged set back.","When entering a new home environment a chinchilla will be very stressed and nervous. They will need time to settle in, investigate their new home and become accustomed to the new noises, surroundings and smells they have just entered into before they start interacting.","Step 1 - On first arriving home with a chinchilla, place them into the cage you have prepared for them and offer one small raisin. Providing a raisin treat at this time shows your chinchilla that your intentions with them are all good and begins the bonding and trust process between the two of you. Do not over feed a chinchilla treats at this time (or at any time) even if it is really tempting - provide one raisin then leave the chinchilla in peace to explore and settle in to its new home.","WARNING - If a chinchilla is regularly fed treats through the bars of its cage it can mistakenly take a finger or nose as a treat and accidentally bite you - the same can be said if you have the smell of treats on your fingers so always wash your hands before and after handling a chinchilla.","Step 2 - Start taming a chinchilla by talking quietly to them and move around slowly as any sudden movements will cause them to retreat. Initially sit next to the chinchilla cage and talk quietly perhaps offering a small treat only when the chinchilla approaches the bars near you. Once the chinchilla is happy to take treats through the bars of the cage, they are ready to meet your hands again. Remember at this stage the only memory the chinchilla has of your hands is when you were examining them in the shop or rescue home, which would of caused them great stress at the time.","Step 3 - Open the door of the chinchilla cage and slowly place your hand inside. Don't pursue the chinchilla around its cage but let it come to you instead - once a chinchilla decides that you are interesting it will come up to you. If he becomes startled and runs away again or hides, don't move - a chinchilla will soon learn that you are not going to chase it and curiosity will bring him back to you again. You may find a chinchilla runs back and forth a number of times before he begins to feel confident and start sniffing your hands and fingers - a chinchilla may also give you a little nibble of curiosity but it wont hurt, its not a bite, it's just seeing what you are all about.","Step 4 - When the chinchilla is comfortable coming to your hands without hesitation, the next stage of taming a chinchilla is to let a chinchilla sit in your hands and remain there whilst eating a treat - organic oats are good at this stage as a chinchilla will take longer to eat the small pieces. Initially the chinchilla will want to jump off so keep ultra still and patient until the chinchilla is happy to remain in your hands. When a chinchilla is comfortable you can continue to move the treat further up your arm.","Step 5 - Once a chinchilla has become comfortable in your presence and comes to you as soon as you open the door, you can start the second phase of taming your chinchilla by stroking him/her. Open the cage door and place your hand inside with your index finger ready, keeping your hand still at all times start by rubbing your finger gently over the top of the chinchilla's head (watch the whiskers because they are ticklish). At first a chinchilla will run away but if you stay still his curiosity will bring him back again. Keep repeat stroking the chinchilla with your index finger until the chinchilla starts to feel comfortable.","As soon as the chinchilla is comfortable with climbing and staying on you, you can place your spare hand over their back and scoop the chinchilla up pulling him close to your chest.","Remember chinchillas will quickly try and jump out of your hands so the best way is to remain seated and try and stay as still as possible. You can offer one treat when you are holding your chinchilla so it gets used to good things coming from your hands and will begin to relax when you approach them to be picked up.","NOTE: - If a chinchilla gets upset at being stroked and doesn't come back to your hand just wait a few days before you attempt to touch and stoke him again - the whole idea of taming a chinchilla is to earn trust and not to break it. Some chinchillas just hate being stroked, are too ticklish or too wild and the moment you touch them they shake their head and rub their head/noses before running off. Some chinchillas just hate human hands - if hands are failing then another thing you can try is your nose!","Yes that's right....chinchillas generally don't like hands, which are mainly used for examination purposes (which they remember) but a nose is what chinchillas use on one another. You will find if you use your nose to rub around your chinchilla's ears, face and body they will find it less intimidating and you may be more successful.","Please remember that not all chinchillas will like to be picked up no matter how much patience you have so never force a chinchilla into doing something it doesn't want to do. Chinchillas have fantastic memories and forcing or pursuing them will make a chinchilla nervous of you, hide whenever you approach the cage and break any bonding you have already built up! All chinchillas will love to interact with you and climb on you whether they like to be stroked or not but they are only happy to do this on their own terms, not yours.","Sometimes problems do occur as all chinchillas are individual and build trust at different rates. A chinchilla may also have a previous experience of living in an unsuitable environment or had bad owners. You will know if a chinchilla is scared of you as they never appear to sleep and as soon as they hear you approaching the cage, they are out looking at where you are. They may make vocal sounds or attempt to spray urine at you (if its a female). They may begin to chew their fur or tremble when being picked up.","These chinchillas will be more nervous and will take longer to tame but all they need is love, patience and above all perseverance. Some chinchillas take months even years before they fully trust you and any progress you make with taming a chinchilla is accumulative, which means any small advances is a stepping stone, which should be remembered.","If you have an ultra nervous chinchilla then follow the tips below but again remember with some chins you may never win their trust completely so don't be disappointed. Chinchillas are not that far removed from the wild (approximately 50 years) and their wild instincts are still very evident and may never be overcome.","If a chinchilla starts to become vocal, spray urine, hide away from you, then leave them in peace, close the cage door and come away from the cage.","Try not to look a chinchilla directly in the eye when picking them up. When holding them, look at them but close your eyes so you are not coming across as threatening to them.","Offer a few organic oats from the palm of your hand (a chinchilla will have to remain closer to you for longer to eat all the small bits) but do not attempt to touch or hold the chinchilla.","Never let a problem chinchilla out of their cage until the taming and bonding process is completed. A nervous chin out on the loose will be even more nervous and a very hard chin to entice back into its cage.","Go back to the basics of taming a chinchilla and sit near but not next to the cage and talk quietly to the chinchilla. Look at them whilst you are talking but with your eyes closed, Begin to repeat words such as 'good boy' or 'good girl' and offer a small treat through the cage bars if the chin is near you.","Reassess the cage positioning and move the chinchilla cage to a quieter room if the current room is too noisy or active.","Keep the room the chinchilla lives in quiet during the daytime and when you start taming sessions have no other distractions around, like the TV on or people visiting/coming into the room.","Ultimately if a chinchilla never wants to be tamed or held, don't shout or punish them, just give them the freedom they need and readjust yourself around them - this is the commitment you made when you choose to buy a chinchilla and were aware that all chinchilla's are individuals and some do not like to be held.","It maybe helpful to know, that chinchillas mellow to affection in older age, which should be remembered when you have a young feisty chinchilla or a chinchilla that may not like to be tamed at the moment.","A chinchilla will not ‘over- eat’ pellets contrary to what some people believe. Old pellets should be removed daily and replaced with fresh","Pellets made for any other animal such as guinea pig or rabbit can have hormones and other ingredients added, which will seriously effect a chinchilla’s health - especially the liver!","“The author has spent numerous years developing and researching the material for this book. The book goes beyond the standard books out there to give accounts from real owners and veterinarians (not just commercial breeders) about issues they have come across and solutions for which they have used themselves (usually discovered from trial and error).”","“This is a quality book and tells you everything you need to know about chinchillas right from selection to bringing them home.”","“The photos are amazing as they are all about what to 'look out for' as most books just include pictures of cute chinchillas.”"]},"parsed_md":"Taming A Chinchilla\n\n|\n\n# TIP OF THE MONTH !\n\n|\n\n# SHOP\n\n|\n\n# * * * SPECIAL OFFERS * * *\n\n|\n\n# CONTACT US \n \n---|---|---|--- \n| Links \n--- \n \n# Home \n \n# Customer Reviews \n \n# The Chinchilla \n \n# Original Habitat \n \n# Different Colour Mutations \n \n# Chinchillas For Sale \n \n# Buying a Chinchilla \n \n# Nutrition (Food & Diet) \n \n# Chinchilla Care \n \n# Vocal Sounds & Postures \n \n# Taming a Chinchilla \n \n# Holding a Chinchilla \n \n# Catching a Chinchilla \n \n# Shedding & Grooming \n \n# Chinchilla Exercise \n \n# Chinchilla Cage \n \n# Toys and Accessories \n \n# Introducing Chinchillas \n \n# Genetics \n \n# Breeding Chinchillas \n \n# Pregnancy & Birth \n \n# Chinchilla Babies (Kits) \n \n# Weaning & Hand Feeding \n \n# Chinchilla Health \n \n# Examining a Chinchilla \n \n# Illness Sickness & Disease \n \n# Male Castration/Neutering \n \n# Chinchilla Teeth \n \n# Chinchilla 'You Tube' Clips \n \n# Games & Puzzles \n \n# Webmasters - LINK TO US \n \n# Acknowledgements \n \n# Donations to Rescue Centres \n \n# Questions - Books 4 Sale \n \n# Copyright \n \n# Site Map \n \n|\n\n## Taming A Chinchilla \n \n--- \n \n> Taming a chinchilla needs to be done slowly if you are to build trust and\n> bond together. The time it takes for a chinchilla to bond and trust you can\n> vary as each chinchilla and its current situation is individual. In all\n> cases the procedure for taming a chinchilla is the same and should never be\n> rushed - a chinchilla will let you know when it is ready and if you push\n> them too quickly (they have great memories), a week's progress can suffer a\n> sever prolonged set back.\n>\n> When entering a new home environment a chinchilla will be very stressed and\n> nervous. They will need time to settle in, investigate their new home and\n> become accustomed to the new noises, surroundings and smells they have just\n> entered into before they start interacting.\n>\n> Step 1 - On first arriving home with a chinchilla, place them into the cage\n> you have prepared for them and offer one small raisin. Providing a raisin\n> treat at this time shows your chinchilla that your intentions with them are\n> all good and begins the bonding and trust process between the two of you. Do\n> not over feed a chinchilla treats at this time (or at any time) even if it\n> is really tempting - provide one raisin then leave the chinchilla in peace\n> to explore and settle in to its new home.\n>\n> WARNING - If a chinchilla is regularly fed treats through the bars of its\n> cage it can mistakenly take a finger or nose as a treat and accidentally\n> bite you - the same can be said if you have the smell of treats on your\n> fingers so always wash your hands before and after handling a chinchilla.\n>\n> Step 2 - Start taming a chinchilla by talking quietly to them and move\n> around slowly as any sudden movements will cause them to retreat. Initially\n> sit next to the chinchilla cage and talk quietly perhaps offering a small\n> treat only when the chinchilla approaches the bars near you. Once the\n> chinchilla is happy to take treats through the bars of the cage, they are\n> ready to meet your hands again. Remember at this stage the only memory the\n> chinchilla has of your hands is when you were examining them in the shop or\n> rescue home, which would of caused them great stress at the time.\n>\n> Step 3 - Open the door of the chinchilla cage and slowly place your hand\n> inside. Don't pursue the chinchilla around its cage but let it come to you\n> instead - once a chinchilla decides that you are interesting it will come up\n> to you. If he becomes startled and runs away again or hides, don't move - a\n> chinchilla will soon learn that you are not going to chase it and curiosity\n> will bring him back to you again. You may find a chinchilla runs back and\n> forth a number of times before he begins to feel confident and start\n> sniffing your hands and fingers - a chinchilla may also give you a little\n> nibble of curiosity but it wont hurt, its not a bite, it's just seeing what\n> you are all about.\n>\n> Step 4 - When the chinchilla is comfortable coming to your hands without\n> hesitation, the next stage of taming a chinchilla is to let a chinchilla sit\n> in your hands and remain there whilst eating a treat - organic oats are good\n> at this stage as a chinchilla will take longer to eat the small pieces.\n> Initially the chinchilla will want to jump off so keep ultra still and\n> patient until the chinchilla is happy to remain in your hands. When a\n> chinchilla is comfortable you can continue to move the treat further up your\n> arm.\n>\n> Step 5 - Once a chinchilla has become comfortable in your presence and comes\n> to you as soon as you open the door, you can start the second phase of\n> taming your chinchilla by stroking him/her. Open the cage door and place\n> your hand inside with your index finger ready, keeping your hand still at\n> all times start by rubbing your finger gently over the top of the\n> chinchilla's head (watch the whiskers because they are ticklish). At first a\n> chinchilla will run away but if you stay still his curiosity will bring him\n> back again. Keep repeat stroking the chinchilla with your index finger until\n> the chinchilla starts to feel comfortable.\n>\n> As soon as the chinchilla is comfortable with climbing and staying on you,\n> you can place your spare hand over their back and scoop the chinchilla up\n> pulling him close to your chest.\n>\n> Remember chinchillas will quickly try and jump out of your hands so the best\n> way is to remain seated and try and stay as still as possible. You can offer\n> one treat when you are holding your chinchilla so it gets used to good\n> things coming from your hands and will begin to relax when you approach them\n> to be picked up.\n>\n> NOTE: - If a chinchilla gets upset at being stroked and doesn't come back to\n> your hand just wait a few days before you attempt to touch and stoke him\n> again - the whole idea of taming a chinchilla is to earn trust and not to\n> break it. Some chinchillas just hate being stroked, are too ticklish or too\n> wild and the moment you touch them they shake their head and rub their\n> head/noses before running off. Some chinchillas just hate human hands - if\n> hands are failing then another thing you can try is your nose!\n>\n> Yes that's right....chinchillas generally don't like hands, which are mainly\n> used for examination purposes (which they remember) but a nose is what\n> chinchillas use on one another. You will find if you use your nose to rub\n> around your chinchilla's ears, face and body they will find it less\n> intimidating and you may be more successful.\n>\n> Please remember that not all chinchillas will like to be picked up no matter\n> how much patience you have so never force a chinchilla into doing something\n> it doesn't want to do. Chinchillas have fantastic memories and forcing or\n> pursuing them will make a chinchilla nervous of you, hide whenever you\n> approach the cage and break any bonding you have already built up! All\n> chinchillas will love to interact with you and climb on you whether they\n> like to be stroked or not but they are only happy to do this on their own\n> terms, not yours.\n>\n> # Taming Problem Chinchillas\n>\n> Sometimes problems do occur as all chinchillas are individual and build\n> trust at different rates. A chinchilla may also have a previous experience\n> of living in an unsuitable environment or had bad owners. You will know if a\n> chinchilla is scared of you as they never appear to sleep and as soon as\n> they hear you approaching the cage, they are out looking at where you are.\n> They may make vocal sounds or attempt to spray urine at you (if its a\n> female). They may begin to chew their fur or tremble when being picked up.\n>\n> These chinchillas will be more nervous and will take longer to tame but all\n> they need is love, patience and above all perseverance. Some chinchillas\n> take months even years before they fully trust you and any progress you make\n> with taming a chinchilla is accumulative, which means any small advances is\n> a stepping stone, which should be remembered.\n>\n> If you have an ultra nervous chinchilla then follow the tips below but again\n> remember with some chins you may never win their trust completely so don't\n> be disappointed. Chinchillas are not that far removed from the wild\n> (approximately 50 years) and their wild instincts are still very evident and\n> may never be overcome.\n>\n> * If a chinchilla starts to become vocal, spray urine, hide away from you,\n> then leave them in peace, close the cage door and come away from the cage.\n>\n> * Try not to look a chinchilla directly in the eye when picking them up.\n> When holding them, look at them but close your eyes so you are not coming\n> across as threatening to them.\n>\n> * Keep to a routine of when you open the cage door and always have a small\n> treat to hand.\n>\n> * Offer a few organic oats from the palm of your hand (a chinchilla will\n> have to remain closer to you for longer to eat all the small bits) but do\n> not attempt to touch or hold the chinchilla.\n>\n> * Never let a problem chinchilla out of their cage until the taming and\n> bonding process is completed. A nervous chin out on the loose will be even\n> more nervous and a very hard chin to entice back into its cage.\n>\n> * Go back to the basics of taming a chinchilla and sit near but not next\n> to the cage and talk quietly to the chinchilla. Look at them whilst you are\n> talking but with your eyes closed, Begin to repeat words such as 'good boy'\n> or 'good girl' and offer a small treat through the cage bars if the chin is\n> near you.\n>\n> * Reassess the cage positioning and move the chinchilla cage to a quieter\n> room if the current room is too noisy or active.\n>\n> * Keep the room the chinchilla lives in quiet during the daytime and when\n> you start taming sessions have no other distractions around, like the TV on\n> or people visiting/coming into the room.\n>\n> * Ultimately if a chinchilla never wants to be tamed or held, don't shout\n> or punish them, just give them the freedom they need and readjust yourself\n> around them - this is the commitment you made when you choose to buy a\n> chinchilla and were aware that all chinchilla's are individuals and some do\n> not like to be held.\n>\n>\n\n>\n> TIP - If a chinchilla has never had a raisin before and doesn't take to it\n> immediately, break it open slightly so the aroma escapes - you will then\n> find your chinchilla happily eats the raisin and start begging for more -\n> remember - do not give a chinchilla more than one raisin so use it wisely.\n>\n> It maybe helpful to know, that chinchillas mellow to affection in older age,\n> which should be remembered when you have a young feisty chinchilla or a\n> chinchilla that may not like to be tamed at the moment.\n>\n> A chinchilla can only have one treat per day so use it wisely!\n>\n> Further Reading Relating To Taming a Chinchilla:\n>\n> Catching a Chinchilla, Chinchilla Exercise, Holding a Chinchilla. \n \n| Chinchilla Facts ... \n--- \n \nA chinchilla will not ‘over- eat’ pellets contrary to what some people\nbelieve. Old pellets should be removed daily and replaced with fresh\n\nOnly ever offer pellets made for chinchillas!\n\nPellets made for any other animal such as guinea pig or rabbit can have\nhormones and other ingredients added, which will seriously effect a\nchinchilla’s health - especially the liver! \n \n| Book Reviews ... \n--- \n|\n\nAn Essential Guide to Owning a Chinchilla:\n\n“The author has spent numerous years developing and researching the material\nfor this book. The book goes beyond the standard books out there to give\naccounts from real owners and veterinarians (not just commercial breeders)\nabout issues they have come across and solutions for which they have used\nthemselves (usually discovered from trial and error).”\n\n“This is a quality book and tells you everything you need to know about\nchinchillas right from selection to bringing them home.”\n\nChinchilla A-Z Health & Sickness Bible:\n\n“The photos are amazing as they are all about what to 'look out for' as most\nbooks just include pictures of cute chinchillas.”\n\n“This is definitely a 'one-off' book and not like any other out there!”\n\n“I would highly recommend this book to others.” \n \n--- \n|\n\nPhoto Copyright: Jo Ann McGraw, . \n \n--- \n| © 2008-2017 This website is supported by and . Copyright Mirella Poli. All\nrights reserved \n--- \n| PLEASE VOTE FOR CHINCHILLA CHRONICLES BY CLICKING ON THE LINKS BELOW: \n---\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210513100913/https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue","passages":["The relationship you have with your chin is what you put into it. The amount of time and effort you spend getting to know him and having him gain trust in you will be the mitigating factor in the end result of the relationship. Chinchillas are very social animals as long as you are patient with them and give them lots of love and attention. Just as with people, every chin has his own personality, likes and dislikes. There are very few chins that will be your best friend right away. It is very rare to find a chin that is a 'lap chin'. This is a term people use to describe a chin that acts like a cat or dog and just wants to sit on your lap and be petted and is content just lying there. This is not the normal behavior of chins, so don't expect this, or you will be very disappointed. This is an expectation we hear about over and over again. Even a chin that is very friendly and will allow you to pick him up and hold him for a short time will become restless and want to get down and run around or go back to his home.","Spend time with your chinchilla. Talk to him every day. He will get to know your voice. I have been asked many times if chins know their names. The answer is 'Yes, of course they do!' Chinchillas are very intelligent animals. If you greet him by his name, he will learn very quickly. Once he has familiarized himself with his new cage, give him some quiet time to eat, drink and sleep since traveling and being in a new home can be very stressful for chins. When you go to check on him, speak in a soothing and reassuring voice. This may sound like a bit much to some of you, but it shows consideration for your chin's feelings by doing things that build a great and trusting friendship. There is a chance your chin may 'bark' his first couple of nights in his new home. This is a warning call and just tells you he is nervous.","Once he seems to be comfortable with you coming over to say hi, you can place your hand in the cage and let him come over to you. They are curious by nature and unless he is especially nervous, he will come over to sniff your hand. Do not try to win over your chinchilla by giving him treats! He will come to expect this from you, and you will only succeed in creating a treat junkie. Treats should be a minor part of your interaction with your chin. Base your relationship on trust, not bribes.","The chin will usually start to climb onto your hand. Do not try to grab at him. They like to just sit on the open palm of your hand. When he does not appear to be so nervous and comes over to you readily or is even waiting for you at the front of the cage, you can try to pick him up and hold him. He may let you pick him up or may even wiggle a little; this is normal. Just be gentle when handling him and make sure you give full support with the open palm of your hand under his body. If he completely goes crazy and starts to frantically run around the cage, then he is not ready yet to be picked up. Part of this behavior may be based on where you got your chin from and how he was raised and treated. In the wild, chins are more cautious simply because they are prey animals and always need to be on guard and alert. Even though the chins we live with in our homes are born in a domestic environment, part of that instinct never goes away. That is why a great relationship with your chin has to be on HIS terms and in HIS time.","One of the biggest mistakes a first time chin guardian makes is lack of patience! Showing your chin patience, having respect for how he lives and trying to see life the way he does will be one of the greatest things you can do for him. There are no words to describe how wonderful a trusting, loving relationship can be with your chinchilla. They are so sweet, affectionate, energetic and just plain silly at times. As much as we love and adore chinchillas, we are very honest to acknowledge that they are not for everyone.","Caroline, the daughter of one of our adopters, is spending quality time with Zeus. As you can see, reading with a chin is not easy when he sits on your book! The kisses that follow make it all worth while.","All photos and written material provided by Andrea Kundrotas except where noted. All photos are property of Andrea Kundrotas and may NOT be used by any other parties without express written consent."]},"parsed_md":"Chinchilla Rescue | Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue | Emotional Health |\nChinchillas and Their Guardians\n\n≡\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n\n * Our Rescue\n * Letter from the Founder\n * News Updates\n * Adoptions\n\n * Are you right for a chinchilla?\n * Adoption Policy\n * Adoptable Chinchillas\n * Surrenders\n * Please Donate\n * Shop Our Store\n * Care & Health\n\n * Domestic Habitat\n\n * Domestic Habitat Intro\n * Cages\n * House\n * Water Bottles\n * Food Bowls\n * Dust Baths\n * Bedding/Litter\n * Chew Toys\n * Beware of Moldy Wood\n * Safe Metals\n * Fleece Fabric\n * Exercise Wheel\n * Marble Tile\n * Wooden Shelf & Perch\n * Cardboard Tubes\n * Urine Guards\n * Temperature\n * Lighting\n * Cleaning\n * Travel Carriers\n * Diet\n\n * Diet Intro\n * Pellets\n * What is Ash?\n * Hay\n * Water\n * Healthy Treats\n * Organic Herb & Grain Fusion\n * Fresh & Dried Fruit\n * Fresh Greens & Veggies\n * Nuts \" Seeds\n * Vitamins\n * Calcium Supplements\n * Salt & Mineral Spools\n * Emotional Health & Behavior\n\n * Emotional Health & Behavior Intro\n * Chinchillas & Their Guardians\n * Chinchillas, Children & Schools\n * Chinchillas Pairs & Bonding\n * Chinchillas & Other Animals\n * Picking Up & Holding\n * Play Time\n * Sleeping Pattern\n * Music & TV\n * Dust Bath\n * Toys\n * Spraying Urine\n * The Full Moon\n * Breeding Season\n * Scent Glands\n * Transporting Chinchillas\n * Chinchillas & the Holidays\n * Chinchillas & Your Vacation\n * Physical Health\n\n * Good Health\n * Nursing a Sick Chin\n * Health Issues A-C\n * Health Issues D-H\n * Health Issues I-Z\n * Prescription Medications\n * Holistic Care\n * First Aid Kit\n * Pregnancy\n * Veterinarians\n * Mourning a Loss\n * Homeless Crisis\n * Contact Us\n * Links\n\n * Chinchilla Supplies\n * Animal Advocates\n\n# Chinchillas & Their Guardians\n\nThe relationship you have with your chin is what you put into it. The amount\nof time and effort you spend getting to know him and having him gain trust in\nyou will be the mitigating factor in the end result of the relationship.\nChinchillas are very social animals as long as you are patient with them and\ngive them lots of love and attention. Just as with people, every chin has his\nown personality, likes and dislikes. There are very few chins that will be\nyour best friend right away. It is very rare to find a chin that is a 'lap\nchin'. This is a term people use to describe a chin that acts like a cat or\ndog and just wants to sit on your lap and be petted and is content just lying\nthere. This is not the normal behavior of chins, so don't expect this, or you\nwill be very disappointed. This is an expectation we hear about over and over\nagain. Even a chin that is very friendly and will allow you to pick him up and\nhold him for a short time will become restless and want to get down and run\naround or go back to his home.\n\nSpend time with your chinchilla. Talk to him every day. He will get to know\nyour voice. I have been asked many times if chins know their names. The answer\nis 'Yes, of course they do!' Chinchillas are very intelligent animals. If you\ngreet him by his name, he will learn very quickly. Once he has familiarized\nhimself with his new cage, give him some quiet time to eat, drink and sleep\nsince traveling and being in a new home can be very stressful for chins. When\nyou go to check on him, speak in a soothing and reassuring voice. This may\nsound like a bit much to some of you, but it shows consideration for your\nchin's feelings by doing things that build a great and trusting friendship.\nThere is a chance your chin may 'bark' his first couple of nights in his new\nhome. This is a warning call and just tells you he is nervous.\n\nOnce he seems to be comfortable with you coming over to say hi, you can place\nyour hand in the cage and let him come over to you. They are curious by nature\nand unless he is especially nervous, he will come over to sniff your hand. Do\nnot try to win over your chinchilla by giving him treats! He will come to\nexpect this from you, and you will only succeed in creating a treat junkie.\nTreats should be a minor part of your interaction with your chin. Base your\nrelationship on trust, not bribes.\n\nThe chin will usually start to climb onto your hand. Do not try to grab at\nhim. They like to just sit on the open palm of your hand. When he does not\nappear to be so nervous and comes over to you readily or is even waiting for\nyou at the front of the cage, you can try to pick him up and hold him. He may\nlet you pick him up or may even wiggle a little; this is normal. Just be\ngentle when handling him and make sure you give full support with the open\npalm of your hand under his body. If he completely goes crazy and starts to\nfrantically run around the cage, then he is not ready yet to be picked up.\nPart of this behavior may be based on where you got your chin from and how he\nwas raised and treated. In the wild, chins are more cautious simply because\nthey are prey animals and always need to be on guard and alert. Even though\nthe chins we live with in our homes are born in a domestic environment, part\nof that instinct never goes away. That is why a great relationship with your\nchin has to be on HIS terms and in HIS time.\n\nOne of the biggest mistakes a first time chin guardian makes is lack of\npatience! Showing your chin patience, having respect for how he lives and\ntrying to see life the way he does will be one of the greatest things you can\ndo for him. There are no words to describe how wonderful a trusting, loving\nrelationship can be with your chinchilla. They are so sweet, affectionate,\nenergetic and just plain silly at times. As much as we love and adore\nchinchillas, we are very honest to acknowledge that they are not for everyone.\n\nCaroline, the daughter of one of our adopters, is spending quality time with\nZeus. As you can see, reading with a chin is not easy when he sits on your\nbook! The kisses that follow make it all worth while.\n\nAnimals are such agreeable friends... they ask no questions, they pass no\ncriticisms... — George Eliot\n\n©2003 - 2021 Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nAll photos and written material provided by Andrea Kundrotas except where\nnoted. All photos are property of Andrea Kundrotas and may NOT be used by any\nother parties without express written consent.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150906125415/http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx","parsed_text":{"title":"Taming A Terrified Chinchilla","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Taming A Terrified Chinchilla\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200302053159/http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Taming A Chinchilla\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Taming a chinchilla needs to be done slowly if you are to build trust and bond together. The time it takes for a chinchilla to bond and trust you can vary as each chinchilla and its current situation is individual. In all cases the procedure for taming a chinchilla is the same and should never be rushed - a chinchilla will let you know when it is ready and if you push them too quickly (they have great memories), a week's progress can suffer a sever prolonged set back.\",\n \"When entering a new home environment a chinchilla will be very stressed and nervous. They will need time to settle in, investigate their new home and become accustomed to the new noises, surroundings and smells they have just entered into before they start interacting.\",\n \"Step 1 - On first arriving home with a chinchilla, place them into the cage you have prepared for them and offer one small raisin. Providing a raisin treat at this time shows your chinchilla that your intentions with them are all good and begins the bonding and trust process between the two of you. Do not over feed a chinchilla treats at this time (or at any time) even if it is really tempting - provide one raisin then leave the chinchilla in peace to explore and settle in to its new home.\",\n \"WARNING - If a chinchilla is regularly fed treats through the bars of its cage it can mistakenly take a finger or nose as a treat and accidentally bite you - the same can be said if you have the smell of treats on your fingers so always wash your hands before and after handling a chinchilla.\",\n \"Step 2 - Start taming a chinchilla by talking quietly to them and move around slowly as any sudden movements will cause them to retreat. Initially sit next to the chinchilla cage and talk quietly perhaps offering a small treat only when the chinchilla approaches the bars near you. Once the chinchilla is happy to take treats through the bars of the cage, they are ready to meet your hands again. Remember at this stage the only memory the chinchilla has of your hands is when you were examining them in the shop or rescue home, which would of caused them great stress at the time.\",\n \"Step 3 - Open the door of the chinchilla cage and slowly place your hand inside. Don't pursue the chinchilla around its cage but let it come to you instead - once a chinchilla decides that you are interesting it will come up to you. If he becomes startled and runs away again or hides, don't move - a chinchilla will soon learn that you are not going to chase it and curiosity will bring him back to you again. You may find a chinchilla runs back and forth a number of times before he begins to feel confident and start sniffing your hands and fingers - a chinchilla may also give you a little nibble of curiosity but it wont hurt, its not a bite, it's just seeing what you are all about.\",\n \"Step 4 - When the chinchilla is comfortable coming to your hands without hesitation, the next stage of taming a chinchilla is to let a chinchilla sit in your hands and remain there whilst eating a treat - organic oats are good at this stage as a chinchilla will take longer to eat the small pieces. Initially the chinchilla will want to jump off so keep ultra still and patient until the chinchilla is happy to remain in your hands. When a chinchilla is comfortable you can continue to move the treat further up your arm.\",\n \"Step 5 - Once a chinchilla has become comfortable in your presence and comes to you as soon as you open the door, you can start the second phase of taming your chinchilla by stroking him/her. Open the cage door and place your hand inside with your index finger ready, keeping your hand still at all times start by rubbing your finger gently over the top of the chinchilla's head (watch the whiskers because they are ticklish). At first a chinchilla will run away but if you stay still his curiosity will bring him back again. Keep repeat stroking the chinchilla with your index finger until the chinchilla starts to feel comfortable.\",\n \"As soon as the chinchilla is comfortable with climbing and staying on you, you can place your spare hand over their back and scoop the chinchilla up pulling him close to your chest.\",\n \"Remember chinchillas will quickly try and jump out of your hands so the best way is to remain seated and try and stay as still as possible. You can offer one treat when you are holding your chinchilla so it gets used to good things coming from your hands and will begin to relax when you approach them to be picked up.\",\n \"NOTE: - If a chinchilla gets upset at being stroked and doesn't come back to your hand just wait a few days before you attempt to touch and stoke him again - the whole idea of taming a chinchilla is to earn trust and not to break it. Some chinchillas just hate being stroked, are too ticklish or too wild and the moment you touch them they shake their head and rub their head/noses before running off. Some chinchillas just hate human hands - if hands are failing then another thing you can try is your nose!\",\n \"Yes that's right....chinchillas generally don't like hands, which are mainly used for examination purposes (which they remember) but a nose is what chinchillas use on one another. You will find if you use your nose to rub around your chinchilla's ears, face and body they will find it less intimidating and you may be more successful.\",\n \"Please remember that not all chinchillas will like to be picked up no matter how much patience you have so never force a chinchilla into doing something it doesn't want to do. Chinchillas have fantastic memories and forcing or pursuing them will make a chinchilla nervous of you, hide whenever you approach the cage and break any bonding you have already built up! All chinchillas will love to interact with you and climb on you whether they like to be stroked or not but they are only happy to do this on their own terms, not yours.\",\n \"Sometimes problems do occur as all chinchillas are individual and build trust at different rates. A chinchilla may also have a previous experience of living in an unsuitable environment or had bad owners. You will know if a chinchilla is scared of you as they never appear to sleep and as soon as they hear you approaching the cage, they are out looking at where you are. They may make vocal sounds or attempt to spray urine at you (if its a female). They may begin to chew their fur or tremble when being picked up.\",\n \"These chinchillas will be more nervous and will take longer to tame but all they need is love, patience and above all perseverance. Some chinchillas take months even years before they fully trust you and any progress you make with taming a chinchilla is accumulative, which means any small advances is a stepping stone, which should be remembered.\",\n \"If you have an ultra nervous chinchilla then follow the tips below but again remember with some chins you may never win their trust completely so don't be disappointed. Chinchillas are not that far removed from the wild (approximately 50 years) and their wild instincts are still very evident and may never be overcome.\",\n \"If a chinchilla starts to become vocal, spray urine, hide away from you, then leave them in peace, close the cage door and come away from the cage.\",\n \"Try not to look a chinchilla directly in the eye when picking them up. When holding them, look at them but close your eyes so you are not coming across as threatening to them.\",\n \"Offer a few organic oats from the palm of your hand (a chinchilla will have to remain closer to you for longer to eat all the small bits) but do not attempt to touch or hold the chinchilla.\",\n \"Never let a problem chinchilla out of their cage until the taming and bonding process is completed. A nervous chin out on the loose will be even more nervous and a very hard chin to entice back into its cage.\",\n \"Go back to the basics of taming a chinchilla and sit near but not next to the cage and talk quietly to the chinchilla. Look at them whilst you are talking but with your eyes closed, Begin to repeat words such as 'good boy' or 'good girl' and offer a small treat through the cage bars if the chin is near you.\",\n \"Reassess the cage positioning and move the chinchilla cage to a quieter room if the current room is too noisy or active.\",\n \"Keep the room the chinchilla lives in quiet during the daytime and when you start taming sessions have no other distractions around, like the TV on or people visiting/coming into the room.\",\n \"Ultimately if a chinchilla never wants to be tamed or held, don't shout or punish them, just give them the freedom they need and readjust yourself around them - this is the commitment you made when you choose to buy a chinchilla and were aware that all chinchilla's are individuals and some do not like to be held.\",\n \"It maybe helpful to know, that chinchillas mellow to affection in older age, which should be remembered when you have a young feisty chinchilla or a chinchilla that may not like to be tamed at the moment.\",\n \"A chinchilla will not ‘over- eat’ pellets contrary to what some people believe. Old pellets should be removed daily and replaced with fresh\",\n \"Pellets made for any other animal such as guinea pig or rabbit can have hormones and other ingredients added, which will seriously effect a chinchilla’s health - especially the liver!\",\n \"“The author has spent numerous years developing and researching the material for this book. The book goes beyond the standard books out there to give accounts from real owners and veterinarians (not just commercial breeders) about issues they have come across and solutions for which they have used themselves (usually discovered from trial and error).”\",\n \"“This is a quality book and tells you everything you need to know about chinchillas right from selection to bringing them home.”\",\n \"“The photos are amazing as they are all about what to 'look out for' as most books just include pictures of cute chinchillas.”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Taming A Chinchilla\\n\\n|\\n\\n# TIP OF THE MONTH !\\n\\n|\\n\\n# SHOP\\n\\n|\\n\\n# * * * SPECIAL OFFERS * * *\\n\\n|\\n\\n# CONTACT US \\n \\n---|---|---|--- \\n| Links \\n--- \\n \\n# Home \\n \\n# Customer Reviews \\n \\n# The Chinchilla \\n \\n# Original Habitat \\n \\n# Different Colour Mutations \\n \\n# Chinchillas For Sale \\n \\n# Buying a Chinchilla \\n \\n# Nutrition (Food & Diet) \\n \\n# Chinchilla Care \\n \\n# Vocal Sounds & Postures \\n \\n# Taming a Chinchilla \\n \\n# Holding a Chinchilla \\n \\n# Catching a Chinchilla \\n \\n# Shedding & Grooming \\n \\n# Chinchilla Exercise \\n \\n# Chinchilla Cage \\n \\n# Toys and Accessories \\n \\n# Introducing Chinchillas \\n \\n# Genetics \\n \\n# Breeding Chinchillas \\n \\n# Pregnancy & Birth \\n \\n# Chinchilla Babies (Kits) \\n \\n# Weaning & Hand Feeding \\n \\n# Chinchilla Health \\n \\n# Examining a Chinchilla \\n \\n# Illness Sickness & Disease \\n \\n# Male Castration/Neutering \\n \\n# Chinchilla Teeth \\n \\n# Chinchilla 'You Tube' Clips \\n \\n# Games & Puzzles \\n \\n# Webmasters - LINK TO US \\n \\n# Acknowledgements \\n \\n# Donations to Rescue Centres \\n \\n# Questions - Books 4 Sale \\n \\n# Copyright \\n \\n# Site Map \\n \\n|\\n\\n## Taming A Chinchilla \\n \\n--- \\n \\n> Taming a chinchilla needs to be done slowly if you are to build trust and\\n> bond together. The time it takes for a chinchilla to bond and trust you can\\n> vary as each chinchilla and its current situation is individual. In all\\n> cases the procedure for taming a chinchilla is the same and should never be\\n> rushed - a chinchilla will let you know when it is ready and if you push\\n> them too quickly (they have great memories), a week's progress can suffer a\\n> sever prolonged set back.\\n>\\n> When entering a new home environment a chinchilla will be very stressed and\\n> nervous. They will need time to settle in, investigate their new home and\\n> become accustomed to the new noises, surroundings and smells they have just\\n> entered into before they start interacting.\\n>\\n> Step 1 - On first arriving home with a chinchilla, place them into the cage\\n> you have prepared for them and offer one small raisin. Providing a raisin\\n> treat at this time shows your chinchilla that your intentions with them are\\n> all good and begins the bonding and trust process between the two of you. Do\\n> not over feed a chinchilla treats at this time (or at any time) even if it\\n> is really tempting - provide one raisin then leave the chinchilla in peace\\n> to explore and settle in to its new home.\\n>\\n> WARNING - If a chinchilla is regularly fed treats through the bars of its\\n> cage it can mistakenly take a finger or nose as a treat and accidentally\\n> bite you - the same can be said if you have the smell of treats on your\\n> fingers so always wash your hands before and after handling a chinchilla.\\n>\\n> Step 2 - Start taming a chinchilla by talking quietly to them and move\\n> around slowly as any sudden movements will cause them to retreat. Initially\\n> sit next to the chinchilla cage and talk quietly perhaps offering a small\\n> treat only when the chinchilla approaches the bars near you. Once the\\n> chinchilla is happy to take treats through the bars of the cage, they are\\n> ready to meet your hands again. Remember at this stage the only memory the\\n> chinchilla has of your hands is when you were examining them in the shop or\\n> rescue home, which would of caused them great stress at the time.\\n>\\n> Step 3 - Open the door of the chinchilla cage and slowly place your hand\\n> inside. Don't pursue the chinchilla around its cage but let it come to you\\n> instead - once a chinchilla decides that you are interesting it will come up\\n> to you. If he becomes startled and runs away again or hides, don't move - a\\n> chinchilla will soon learn that you are not going to chase it and curiosity\\n> will bring him back to you again. You may find a chinchilla runs back and\\n> forth a number of times before he begins to feel confident and start\\n> sniffing your hands and fingers - a chinchilla may also give you a little\\n> nibble of curiosity but it wont hurt, its not a bite, it's just seeing what\\n> you are all about.\\n>\\n> Step 4 - When the chinchilla is comfortable coming to your hands without\\n> hesitation, the next stage of taming a chinchilla is to let a chinchilla sit\\n> in your hands and remain there whilst eating a treat - organic oats are good\\n> at this stage as a chinchilla will take longer to eat the small pieces.\\n> Initially the chinchilla will want to jump off so keep ultra still and\\n> patient until the chinchilla is happy to remain in your hands. When a\\n> chinchilla is comfortable you can continue to move the treat further up your\\n> arm.\\n>\\n> Step 5 - Once a chinchilla has become comfortable in your presence and comes\\n> to you as soon as you open the door, you can start the second phase of\\n> taming your chinchilla by stroking him/her. Open the cage door and place\\n> your hand inside with your index finger ready, keeping your hand still at\\n> all times start by rubbing your finger gently over the top of the\\n> chinchilla's head (watch the whiskers because they are ticklish). At first a\\n> chinchilla will run away but if you stay still his curiosity will bring him\\n> back again. Keep repeat stroking the chinchilla with your index finger until\\n> the chinchilla starts to feel comfortable.\\n>\\n> As soon as the chinchilla is comfortable with climbing and staying on you,\\n> you can place your spare hand over their back and scoop the chinchilla up\\n> pulling him close to your chest.\\n>\\n> Remember chinchillas will quickly try and jump out of your hands so the best\\n> way is to remain seated and try and stay as still as possible. You can offer\\n> one treat when you are holding your chinchilla so it gets used to good\\n> things coming from your hands and will begin to relax when you approach them\\n> to be picked up.\\n>\\n> NOTE: - If a chinchilla gets upset at being stroked and doesn't come back to\\n> your hand just wait a few days before you attempt to touch and stoke him\\n> again - the whole idea of taming a chinchilla is to earn trust and not to\\n> break it. Some chinchillas just hate being stroked, are too ticklish or too\\n> wild and the moment you touch them they shake their head and rub their\\n> head/noses before running off. Some chinchillas just hate human hands - if\\n> hands are failing then another thing you can try is your nose!\\n>\\n> Yes that's right....chinchillas generally don't like hands, which are mainly\\n> used for examination purposes (which they remember) but a nose is what\\n> chinchillas use on one another. You will find if you use your nose to rub\\n> around your chinchilla's ears, face and body they will find it less\\n> intimidating and you may be more successful.\\n>\\n> Please remember that not all chinchillas will like to be picked up no matter\\n> how much patience you have so never force a chinchilla into doing something\\n> it doesn't want to do. Chinchillas have fantastic memories and forcing or\\n> pursuing them will make a chinchilla nervous of you, hide whenever you\\n> approach the cage and break any bonding you have already built up! All\\n> chinchillas will love to interact with you and climb on you whether they\\n> like to be stroked or not but they are only happy to do this on their own\\n> terms, not yours.\\n>\\n> # Taming Problem Chinchillas\\n>\\n> Sometimes problems do occur as all chinchillas are individual and build\\n> trust at different rates. A chinchilla may also have a previous experience\\n> of living in an unsuitable environment or had bad owners. You will know if a\\n> chinchilla is scared of you as they never appear to sleep and as soon as\\n> they hear you approaching the cage, they are out looking at where you are.\\n> They may make vocal sounds or attempt to spray urine at you (if its a\\n> female). They may begin to chew their fur or tremble when being picked up.\\n>\\n> These chinchillas will be more nervous and will take longer to tame but all\\n> they need is love, patience and above all perseverance. Some chinchillas\\n> take months even years before they fully trust you and any progress you make\\n> with taming a chinchilla is accumulative, which means any small advances is\\n> a stepping stone, which should be remembered.\\n>\\n> If you have an ultra nervous chinchilla then follow the tips below but again\\n> remember with some chins you may never win their trust completely so don't\\n> be disappointed. Chinchillas are not that far removed from the wild\\n> (approximately 50 years) and their wild instincts are still very evident and\\n> may never be overcome.\\n>\\n> * If a chinchilla starts to become vocal, spray urine, hide away from you,\\n> then leave them in peace, close the cage door and come away from the cage.\\n>\\n> * Try not to look a chinchilla directly in the eye when picking them up.\\n> When holding them, look at them but close your eyes so you are not coming\\n> across as threatening to them.\\n>\\n> * Keep to a routine of when you open the cage door and always have a small\\n> treat to hand.\\n>\\n> * Offer a few organic oats from the palm of your hand (a chinchilla will\\n> have to remain closer to you for longer to eat all the small bits) but do\\n> not attempt to touch or hold the chinchilla.\\n>\\n> * Never let a problem chinchilla out of their cage until the taming and\\n> bonding process is completed. A nervous chin out on the loose will be even\\n> more nervous and a very hard chin to entice back into its cage.\\n>\\n> * Go back to the basics of taming a chinchilla and sit near but not next\\n> to the cage and talk quietly to the chinchilla. Look at them whilst you are\\n> talking but with your eyes closed, Begin to repeat words such as 'good boy'\\n> or 'good girl' and offer a small treat through the cage bars if the chin is\\n> near you.\\n>\\n> * Reassess the cage positioning and move the chinchilla cage to a quieter\\n> room if the current room is too noisy or active.\\n>\\n> * Keep the room the chinchilla lives in quiet during the daytime and when\\n> you start taming sessions have no other distractions around, like the TV on\\n> or people visiting/coming into the room.\\n>\\n> * Ultimately if a chinchilla never wants to be tamed or held, don't shout\\n> or punish them, just give them the freedom they need and readjust yourself\\n> around them - this is the commitment you made when you choose to buy a\\n> chinchilla and were aware that all chinchilla's are individuals and some do\\n> not like to be held.\\n>\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> TIP - If a chinchilla has never had a raisin before and doesn't take to it\\n> immediately, break it open slightly so the aroma escapes - you will then\\n> find your chinchilla happily eats the raisin and start begging for more -\\n> remember - do not give a chinchilla more than one raisin so use it wisely.\\n>\\n> It maybe helpful to know, that chinchillas mellow to affection in older age,\\n> which should be remembered when you have a young feisty chinchilla or a\\n> chinchilla that may not like to be tamed at the moment.\\n>\\n> A chinchilla can only have one treat per day so use it wisely!\\n>\\n> Further Reading Relating To Taming a Chinchilla:\\n>\\n> Catching a Chinchilla, Chinchilla Exercise, Holding a Chinchilla. \\n \\n| Chinchilla Facts ... \\n--- \\n \\nA chinchilla will not ‘over- eat’ pellets contrary to what some people\\nbelieve. Old pellets should be removed daily and replaced with fresh\\n\\nOnly ever offer pellets made for chinchillas!\\n\\nPellets made for any other animal such as guinea pig or rabbit can have\\nhormones and other ingredients added, which will seriously effect a\\nchinchilla’s health - especially the liver! \\n \\n| Book Reviews ... \\n--- \\n|\\n\\nAn Essential Guide to Owning a Chinchilla:\\n\\n“The author has spent numerous years developing and researching the material\\nfor this book. The book goes beyond the standard books out there to give\\naccounts from real owners and veterinarians (not just commercial breeders)\\nabout issues they have come across and solutions for which they have used\\nthemselves (usually discovered from trial and error).”\\n\\n“This is a quality book and tells you everything you need to know about\\nchinchillas right from selection to bringing them home.”\\n\\nChinchilla A-Z Health & Sickness Bible:\\n\\n“The photos are amazing as they are all about what to 'look out for' as most\\nbooks just include pictures of cute chinchillas.”\\n\\n“This is definitely a 'one-off' book and not like any other out there!”\\n\\n“I would highly recommend this book to others.” \\n \\n--- \\n|\\n\\nPhoto Copyright: Jo Ann McGraw, . \\n \\n--- \\n| © 2008-2017 This website is supported by and . Copyright Mirella Poli. All\\nrights reserved \\n--- \\n| PLEASE VOTE FOR CHINCHILLA CHRONICLES BY CLICKING ON THE LINKS BELOW: \\n---\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210513100913/https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The relationship you have with your chin is what you put into it. The amount of time and effort you spend getting to know him and having him gain trust in you will be the mitigating factor in the end result of the relationship. Chinchillas are very social animals as long as you are patient with them and give them lots of love and attention. Just as with people, every chin has his own personality, likes and dislikes. There are very few chins that will be your best friend right away. It is very rare to find a chin that is a 'lap chin'. This is a term people use to describe a chin that acts like a cat or dog and just wants to sit on your lap and be petted and is content just lying there. This is not the normal behavior of chins, so don't expect this, or you will be very disappointed. This is an expectation we hear about over and over again. Even a chin that is very friendly and will allow you to pick him up and hold him for a short time will become restless and want to get down and run around or go back to his home.\",\n \"Spend time with your chinchilla. Talk to him every day. He will get to know your voice. I have been asked many times if chins know their names. The answer is 'Yes, of course they do!' Chinchillas are very intelligent animals. If you greet him by his name, he will learn very quickly. Once he has familiarized himself with his new cage, give him some quiet time to eat, drink and sleep since traveling and being in a new home can be very stressful for chins. When you go to check on him, speak in a soothing and reassuring voice. This may sound like a bit much to some of you, but it shows consideration for your chin's feelings by doing things that build a great and trusting friendship. There is a chance your chin may 'bark' his first couple of nights in his new home. This is a warning call and just tells you he is nervous.\",\n \"Once he seems to be comfortable with you coming over to say hi, you can place your hand in the cage and let him come over to you. They are curious by nature and unless he is especially nervous, he will come over to sniff your hand. Do not try to win over your chinchilla by giving him treats! He will come to expect this from you, and you will only succeed in creating a treat junkie. Treats should be a minor part of your interaction with your chin. Base your relationship on trust, not bribes.\",\n \"The chin will usually start to climb onto your hand. Do not try to grab at him. They like to just sit on the open palm of your hand. When he does not appear to be so nervous and comes over to you readily or is even waiting for you at the front of the cage, you can try to pick him up and hold him. He may let you pick him up or may even wiggle a little; this is normal. Just be gentle when handling him and make sure you give full support with the open palm of your hand under his body. If he completely goes crazy and starts to frantically run around the cage, then he is not ready yet to be picked up. Part of this behavior may be based on where you got your chin from and how he was raised and treated. In the wild, chins are more cautious simply because they are prey animals and always need to be on guard and alert. Even though the chins we live with in our homes are born in a domestic environment, part of that instinct never goes away. That is why a great relationship with your chin has to be on HIS terms and in HIS time.\",\n \"One of the biggest mistakes a first time chin guardian makes is lack of patience! Showing your chin patience, having respect for how he lives and trying to see life the way he does will be one of the greatest things you can do for him. There are no words to describe how wonderful a trusting, loving relationship can be with your chinchilla. They are so sweet, affectionate, energetic and just plain silly at times. As much as we love and adore chinchillas, we are very honest to acknowledge that they are not for everyone.\",\n \"Caroline, the daughter of one of our adopters, is spending quality time with Zeus. As you can see, reading with a chin is not easy when he sits on your book! The kisses that follow make it all worth while.\",\n \"All photos and written material provided by Andrea Kundrotas except where noted. All photos are property of Andrea Kundrotas and may NOT be used by any other parties without express written consent.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Chinchilla Rescue | Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue | Emotional Health |\\nChinchillas and Their Guardians\\n\\n≡\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Us\\n\\n * Our Rescue\\n * Letter from the Founder\\n * News Updates\\n * Adoptions\\n\\n * Are you right for a chinchilla?\\n * Adoption Policy\\n * Adoptable Chinchillas\\n * Surrenders\\n * Please Donate\\n * Shop Our Store\\n * Care & Health\\n\\n * Domestic Habitat\\n\\n * Domestic Habitat Intro\\n * Cages\\n * House\\n * Water Bottles\\n * Food Bowls\\n * Dust Baths\\n * Bedding/Litter\\n * Chew Toys\\n * Beware of Moldy Wood\\n * Safe Metals\\n * Fleece Fabric\\n * Exercise Wheel\\n * Marble Tile\\n * Wooden Shelf & Perch\\n * Cardboard Tubes\\n * Urine Guards\\n * Temperature\\n * Lighting\\n * Cleaning\\n * Travel Carriers\\n * Diet\\n\\n * Diet Intro\\n * Pellets\\n * What is Ash?\\n * Hay\\n * Water\\n * Healthy Treats\\n * Organic Herb & Grain Fusion\\n * Fresh & Dried Fruit\\n * Fresh Greens & Veggies\\n * Nuts \\\" Seeds\\n * Vitamins\\n * Calcium Supplements\\n * Salt & Mineral Spools\\n * Emotional Health & Behavior\\n\\n * Emotional Health & Behavior Intro\\n * Chinchillas & Their Guardians\\n * Chinchillas, Children & Schools\\n * Chinchillas Pairs & Bonding\\n * Chinchillas & Other Animals\\n * Picking Up & Holding\\n * Play Time\\n * Sleeping Pattern\\n * Music & TV\\n * Dust Bath\\n * Toys\\n * Spraying Urine\\n * The Full Moon\\n * Breeding Season\\n * Scent Glands\\n * Transporting Chinchillas\\n * Chinchillas & the Holidays\\n * Chinchillas & Your Vacation\\n * Physical Health\\n\\n * Good Health\\n * Nursing a Sick Chin\\n * Health Issues A-C\\n * Health Issues D-H\\n * Health Issues I-Z\\n * Prescription Medications\\n * Holistic Care\\n * First Aid Kit\\n * Pregnancy\\n * Veterinarians\\n * Mourning a Loss\\n * Homeless Crisis\\n * Contact Us\\n * Links\\n\\n * Chinchilla Supplies\\n * Animal Advocates\\n\\n# Chinchillas & Their Guardians\\n\\nThe relationship you have with your chin is what you put into it. The amount\\nof time and effort you spend getting to know him and having him gain trust in\\nyou will be the mitigating factor in the end result of the relationship.\\nChinchillas are very social animals as long as you are patient with them and\\ngive them lots of love and attention. Just as with people, every chin has his\\nown personality, likes and dislikes. There are very few chins that will be\\nyour best friend right away. It is very rare to find a chin that is a 'lap\\nchin'. This is a term people use to describe a chin that acts like a cat or\\ndog and just wants to sit on your lap and be petted and is content just lying\\nthere. This is not the normal behavior of chins, so don't expect this, or you\\nwill be very disappointed. This is an expectation we hear about over and over\\nagain. Even a chin that is very friendly and will allow you to pick him up and\\nhold him for a short time will become restless and want to get down and run\\naround or go back to his home.\\n\\nSpend time with your chinchilla. Talk to him every day. He will get to know\\nyour voice. I have been asked many times if chins know their names. The answer\\nis 'Yes, of course they do!' Chinchillas are very intelligent animals. If you\\ngreet him by his name, he will learn very quickly. Once he has familiarized\\nhimself with his new cage, give him some quiet time to eat, drink and sleep\\nsince traveling and being in a new home can be very stressful for chins. When\\nyou go to check on him, speak in a soothing and reassuring voice. This may\\nsound like a bit much to some of you, but it shows consideration for your\\nchin's feelings by doing things that build a great and trusting friendship.\\nThere is a chance your chin may 'bark' his first couple of nights in his new\\nhome. This is a warning call and just tells you he is nervous.\\n\\nOnce he seems to be comfortable with you coming over to say hi, you can place\\nyour hand in the cage and let him come over to you. They are curious by nature\\nand unless he is especially nervous, he will come over to sniff your hand. Do\\nnot try to win over your chinchilla by giving him treats! He will come to\\nexpect this from you, and you will only succeed in creating a treat junkie.\\nTreats should be a minor part of your interaction with your chin. Base your\\nrelationship on trust, not bribes.\\n\\nThe chin will usually start to climb onto your hand. Do not try to grab at\\nhim. They like to just sit on the open palm of your hand. When he does not\\nappear to be so nervous and comes over to you readily or is even waiting for\\nyou at the front of the cage, you can try to pick him up and hold him. He may\\nlet you pick him up or may even wiggle a little; this is normal. Just be\\ngentle when handling him and make sure you give full support with the open\\npalm of your hand under his body. If he completely goes crazy and starts to\\nfrantically run around the cage, then he is not ready yet to be picked up.\\nPart of this behavior may be based on where you got your chin from and how he\\nwas raised and treated. In the wild, chins are more cautious simply because\\nthey are prey animals and always need to be on guard and alert. Even though\\nthe chins we live with in our homes are born in a domestic environment, part\\nof that instinct never goes away. That is why a great relationship with your\\nchin has to be on HIS terms and in HIS time.\\n\\nOne of the biggest mistakes a first time chin guardian makes is lack of\\npatience! Showing your chin patience, having respect for how he lives and\\ntrying to see life the way he does will be one of the greatest things you can\\ndo for him. There are no words to describe how wonderful a trusting, loving\\nrelationship can be with your chinchilla. They are so sweet, affectionate,\\nenergetic and just plain silly at times. As much as we love and adore\\nchinchillas, we are very honest to acknowledge that they are not for everyone.\\n\\nCaroline, the daughter of one of our adopters, is spending quality time with\\nZeus. As you can see, reading with a chin is not easy when he sits on your\\nbook! The kisses that follow make it all worth while.\\n\\nAnimals are such agreeable friends... they ask no questions, they pass no\\ncriticisms... — George Eliot\\n\\n©2003 - 2021 Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue, Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\nAll photos and written material provided by Andrea Kundrotas except where\\nnoted. All photos are property of Andrea Kundrotas and may NOT be used by any\\nother parties without express written consent.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150906125415/http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Taming A Terrified Chinchilla\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Taming A Terrified Chinchilla\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":354,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":4259807,"string":"4,259,807"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Know if You’re Pregnant if You Have Irregular Periods"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"If you’re having irregular periods, you can tell if you’re pregnant by watching out for any spotting 6-12 days after your last period, which is a common sign of fertilization. You should also look out for sore breasts, cramps, nausea, fatigue, or headaches 1-2 weeks after you last had sex. Another common sign of pregnancy is cravings or aversions to particular foods. If you have 2 or more of these early pregnancy signs, take a pregnancy test to make sure. Because home testing kits aren’t always accurate, you should also repeat the test a week later. If you get 2 positive results from your home pregnancy test, schedule a visit with your doctor to discuss your pregnancy."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200423223037/https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms","http://web.archive.org/web/20190617195007/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy","http://web.archive.org/web/20210423003447/https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist","http://web.archive.org/web/20211017054706/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/symptoms-of-pregnancy/art-20043853","http://web.archive.org/web/20140826035852/http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20211013235451/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940","http://web.archive.org/web/20170131003006/http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20160831105802/http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200423223037/https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190617195007/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423003447/https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211017054706/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/symptoms-of-pregnancy/art-20043853\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20140826035852/http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211013235451/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170131003006/http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160831105802/http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":289,"string":"289"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200423223037/https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms","parsed_text":{"title":"Signs & Symptoms: Preeclampsia Foundation","passages":["Pregnancy is a confusing time. Your body is going through a lot of changes and it can be hard to tell what's normal and what's a red flag. Learning more about the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy can help you identify a problem early and ensure the best possible outcome.","Some characteristics of preeclampsia are signs that can be measured, but may not be apparent to you, such as high blood pressure. A symptom is something you may experience and recognize, such as a headache or loss of vision.","Preeclampsia is a serious condition of pregnancy, and can be particularly dangerous because many of the signs are silent while some symptoms resemble “normal” effects of pregnancy on your body. Many women suffering from preeclampsia don’t feel sick, and may be surprised or become frustrated when they are admitted to the hospital or prescribed bed rest since they still feel well.","High blood pressure is an important sign of preeclampsia. The disease is sometimes referred to as a silent killer because most people can’t “feel” their blood pressure going up. As a result, patient awareness of the warning signs is one of the most important tools we have to successfully help women receive the care they need. We encourage you to familiarize yourself with signs and symptoms included here to empower yourself and/or others during pregnancy.","Proper prenatal care is essential so don’t miss your appointments. Weighing in, checking your blood pressure and testing your urine for protein, each important for detecting preeclampsia, should take place at every prenatal visit. Do not be afraid to question your caregiver if any of these tests are omitted.","A good prenatal diet full of vitamins, minerals and the basic food groups are important for any pregnancy, as is reducing consumption of processed foods, refined sugars and caffeine. Eliminating alcohol and any medication not prescribed by a physician is essential. Report all medications prescribed by other doctors to your prenatal care provider so that these products can be checked regarding their safe use during pregnancy. Speak with your health care professional before taking any nutritional supplement – herbal or otherwise. Although there is no evidence that these healthy behaviors and choices impact preeclampsia, they do optimize your health for the best pregnancy possible.","High blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the biggest red flags that preeclampsia may be developing. And even if it's not a symptom of preeclampsia, it can still be a sign of a problem.","High blood pressure is traditionally defined as blood pressure of 140/90 or greater, measured on two separate occasions at least four hours apart. During pregnancy, a rise in the lower number (diastolic) of 15 degrees or more, or a rise in the upper number (systolic) of 30 degrees or more can also be a cause for concern.","Know your blood pressure prior to pregnancy, especially if it's normally considered low. Ask, \"What is my blood pressure?\" during each prenatal visit with your healthcare provider.","Keep a log of your blood pressure, taken at the same time each day and in the same position. Share your log with your healthcare provider at each visit and notify her immediately if you find any significant rise between visits.","You can buy your own blood pressure monitor at most pharmacies, and some of these stores have a monitor available for your use, though they aren't always reliable. If you own your own monitor, have it calibrated with those used in your provider’s office.","For accuracy, blood pressure readings should be taken in the sitting position, with the cuff positioned on the left arm at the level of the heart. (\"Your Blood Pressure: Know the Basics\")","Please note that home monitors are not always as accurate as those used in clinics or hospitals. Home readings should never replace prenatal visits, nor should a \"normal\" reading mean you can ignore other symptoms of preeclampsia.","Some healthcare providers will recommend bed rest for you, even though evidence has not shown it to make a difference in outcomes. Some believe this helps limit potential stressors that could contribute to elevated blood pressures. During late pregnancy, you may be advised to lie on your left side to prevent restriction on certain veins which could also contribute to elevated blood pressure. Healthcare providers do not always agree on the benefits of lying on your side, but there is no evidence of harm.","Proteinuria, another sign of preeclampsia, is the result of proteins, normally confined to the blood by the filtering role of your kidney, spilling into your urine. This is because preeclampsia temporarily damages this “filter.” Albumin, as well as many other proteins, are lost this way.","A simple dipstick test of your urine at each prenatal check-up can screen for proteinuria, though other methods may be used in clinics and medical offices such as a Protein:Creatinine Ratio (PCR) or a timed urine collection.","During each prenatal visit, ask your health care provider for the results of your urine test. A nurse will have dipped a reagent strip into a sample of your urine. A reading of trace protein is relatively common and is usually not a cause for concern. However, if the reading is 1+ or greater, it may signify the onset of preeclampsia, even if your blood pressure is below 140/90. If you are concerned, or have had preeclampsia before, you can buy reagent strips at some pharmacies or online. Should you record a reading of 2+ or greater at home, call your healthcare provider that very same day.","Sometimes healthcare providers will have you collect your urine for 12 or 24 hours to determine the exact quantity of protein in the urine. While this is not a particularly convenient task, be sure to follow your provider’s directions and make every effort to be accurate. In a 24 hour collection, proteinuria is diagnosed when there is at least 300 mg/24h though an amount close to that might be equally concerning. In the case of a protein-creatinine ratio (another way to measure proteinuria), 0.3 generally corresponds to 300 mg in a 24-hour collection.","A certain amount of swelling is normal during pregnancy. Unless you're one of a lucky few, you may notice a little extra puffiness in your feet (good luck fitting into your pre-pregnancy shoes!). Edema, on the other hand, is the accumulation of excess fluid, and can be a concern when it occurs in your face, around your eyes, or in your hands.","If you think your face is getting excessively puffy, find a picture of yourself from just before pregnancy to share with your healthcare provider. If the swelling in your hands and feet becomes severe, you may notice “pitting edema” (when you press your thumb into your skin, an indentation remains for a few seconds) or discoloration of your legs. If you suspect this kind of edema, notify your healthcare provider. You should also put your feet up every day, but avoid sitting for extended periods of time.","If you have tried taking over-the-counter medication without relief, if the headache is very painful, you have light sensitivity, or if your headache is accompanied by vision changes (please read the section below on \"Changes in Vision\") call your provider immediately and ask to see him/her that day.","Nausea or vomiting is particularly significant when the onset is sudden and after mid-pregnancy. “Morning sickness” should disappear after the first trimester and the sudden appearance of nausea and vomiting after mid pregnancy may be linked to preeclampsia.","Call your care provider. Nausea or vomiting can be confused with the flu or gallbladder problems, so insist on getting your blood pressure checked and checking your urine for proteinuria.","This type of abdominal pain, often called epigastric pain or upper right quadrant (URQ) pain, is usually under the ribs on the right side. It can be confused with heartburn, gallbladder problems, flu, indigestion or pain from the baby kicking. Shoulder pain is often called “referred pain” because it radiates from the liver under the right ribs. Lower back pain is different from muscle strain common to pregnancy, because it is usually more acute and specific. Shoulder pain can feel like someone is deeply pinching you along the bra strap or on your neck, or it can be painful to lie on your right side. All of these pain symptoms may be a sign of HELLP Syndrome or a related problem in the liver.","Pain in this area should be taken very seriously; do not dismiss it and go to bed. Call your health professional immediately.","Lower back pain is a very common complaint of pregnancy. However, sometimes it may indicate a problem with the liver, especially if it accompanies other symptoms of preeclampsia.","Read also Stomach and Right Shoulder Pain (above) and mention this symptom to your health care provider. If this pain accompanies one or more of the other symptoms, you should call your health care provider immediately.","Weight gain of more than 3-5 pounds in a week may be an indicator of preeclampsia. Damaged blood vessels allow more water to leak into and stay in your body's tissue and not to pass through the kidneys to be excreted.","Do not try to lose weight during pregnancy by restricting your diet. Eating a healthy, balanced diet, including fresh raw fruit and vegetables, your prenatal vitamin, and a folic acid supplement is important for all pregnancies. Avoid excessive salt. Prior to getting pregnant, achieve a healthy weight (a BMI of 30 or less) since obesity has been shown to increase the chances of getting preeclampsia.","Given that preeclampsia is a complex disease, women will develop it for different reasons. A healthy, balanced diet and optimal weight may make a significant difference for some women. However, we urge caution when considering diets designed for weight-loss or claiming to prevent preeclampsia that encourage large amounts of protein. Excessive dietary protein may cause problems in women with underlying kidney disease.","Be sure to drink sufficient amounts of fluid, usually dictated by your normal thirst sensations, and to perform moderate amounts of exercise regularly. During your prenatal visits do not attempt to disguise weight gain by skipping breakfast, using diet pills or fasting for the day. An accurate weight is vital for a proper diagnosis.","The Preeclampsia Foundation recognizes the importance of a good diet, however we do not recommend any particular diet or juice product.","Vision changes are one of the most serious symptoms of preeclampsia. They may be associated with central nervous system irritation or be an indication of swelling of the brain (cerebral edema).","If you experience any of these changes in vision, you should contact your healthcare provider immediately or go directly to the hospital. These symptoms are very serious and should not be left unattended, even until the next morning.","Hyperreflexia is when your reflexes are so strong that when your knee is tapped by a rubber “hammer,” your leg bounces back hard. Hyperreflexia is generally caused by an overreaction of the involuntary nervous system to stimulation.","This sign is generally measured by a healthcare provider and otherwise difficult for you to observe yourself. Like headache and visual changes, hyperreflexia may indicate changes in your nervous system. Your healthcare provider will let you know if he/she is concerned and whether it is an indication, along with other signs and symptoms, that you should go to the hospital.","If you are under treatment with magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures, your healthcare provider may also test your reflexes to monitor for the need to start, adjust or stop the magnesium treatment. An overdose of magnesium sulfate may suppress or excessively slow your reflexes.","Shortness of breath, a racing pulse, mental confusion, a heightened sense of anxiety, and a sense of impending doom can be symptoms of preeclampsia. If these symptoms are new to you, they could indicate an elevated blood pressure, or more rarely, fluid collecting in your lungs (pulmonary edema).","Contact your healthcare provider immediately if these symptoms are new. If you've experienced these conditions before pregnancy, be sure to mention them to your care provider during your next visit so they can be monitoried throughout your pregnancy.","During pregnancy, it's important to listen to your gut. If something doesn't feel right, trust your instincts and call your healthcare provider. Never be afraid to call and discuss anything unusual. A good healthcare provider will never be too busy to address your concerns. The worst outcomes of preeclampsia can be avoided by early recognition.","Normal web site usage The Preeclampsia Foundation has a firm commitment to Internet privacy. You can visit most portions of preeclampsia.org without telling us who you are and without revealing any personal information. The only information we collect from a normal web site visit is the name of your Internet Service Provider, the browser and type of machine you are using, the web site that referred you to us, the pages you request and the date and time you request them. We use this information to generate statistics and measure site activity to improve the usefulness of the site to our visitors.","Currently we are using Google Analytics to analyze the audience of the website and improve our content. No personal information is collected from Google Analytics. For further information on the privacy policy concerning Google Analytics, please go here, https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/6004245?hl=en \"","Collection of personally identifiable information The Preeclampsia Foundation may collect names, email addresses and other personally identifiable data about visitors when such data is voluntarily submitted to preeclampsia.org. For example, our site uses forms for visitors to register or make a donation online. Contact information from these forms is used to send information about preeclampsia or Foundation activity to our visitors. Financial information is used to bill or provide receipts to visitors in connection with their donations. To ensure the security of credit card and personal information, this Web site employs industry-standard security methods, including the Secure Socket Layers (SSL) protocol for the encryption of transmitted data. The Preeclampsia Foundation goes to great lengths to protect the confidentiality and integrity of any personal information you share with us over the Internet. In instances where we may partner with medical organizations to conduct research on preeclampsia, your participation may be expressly requested, but your permission would be required prior to sharing personally identifiable data with authorized medical organizations.","The Preeclampsia Foundation makes every effort to ensure the secure collection and transmission of sensitive user information using industry accepted data collection and encryption methodologies.","Donor Privacy Policy We will not sell, share or trade our donors' names or personal information with any other entity, nor send mailings to our donors on behalf of other organizations. This policy applies to all information received by the Preeclampsia Foundation both online and offline, on any Platform (\"Platform\", includes all Preeclampsia Foundations owned websites and mobile applications), as well as any electronic, written, or oral communications. To the extent any donations are processed through a third-party service provider, our donors’ information will only be used for purposes necessary to process the donation.","Cookies We do not use cookies on the majority of our website pages. The donate pages do use \"per session\" cookies. Per session cookies last only for the life of your current browser load and use no permanent storage on your hard drive. The use of per session cookies is very common in modern Web sites."]},"parsed_md":"Signs & Symptoms: Preeclampsia Foundation\n\n * CANADA\n * Home\n * About Us\n * COMMUNITY\n * Store\n * Donate\n\n * En Espanol\n\nMeet Dr. Elizabeth Sutton, science writer of the Research Roundup for The\nPreeclampsia Registry! She helps explain... https://t.co/5WvP66ciS7\n\nToggle navigation\n\n * HEALTH INFORMATION\n\n * Signs & Symptoms\n * About Preeclampsia\n * Cause of Preeclampsia\n * HELLP Syndrome\n * Heart Disease & Stroke\n * FAQs\n * Postpartum Preeclampsia\n * Preeclampsia Tests\n * GET SUPPORT\n\n * Our Stories\n * Community Forum\n * Ask A Support Question\n * RESEARCH\n\n * Research News\n * Research Funding\n * Participate in a Study\n * Preeclampsia Registry\n * NEWS & VIEWS\n\n * Events\n * Newsletter\n * Videos\n * Photo Gallery\n * GET INVOLVED\n\n * Advocacy Efforts\n * Volunteer Center\n * Fundraising\n * Promise Walk for Preeclampsia\n * Share your Story\n * CARE PROVIDERS\n * ADVOCACY\n\n * Policy Priorities\n * Materials for Advocates\n * Materials for Providers\n * Advocacy News\n * Other Resources\n * Archive\n\nHomeHEALTH INFORMATIONSigns & Symptoms\n\nFollow @preeclampsia\n\n# SIGNS & SYMPTOMS\n\nLast Updated on Monday, July 08, 2019\n\n#### Is it just a pregnancy symptom or something more?\n\nPregnancy is a confusing time. Your body is going through a lot of changes and\nit can be hard to tell what's normal and what's a red flag. Learning more\nabout the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and other\nhypertensive disorders of pregnancy can help you identify a problem early and\nensure the best possible outcome.\n\nSome characteristics of preeclampsia are signs that can be measured, but may\nnot be apparent to you, such as high blood pressure. A symptom is something\nyou may experience and recognize, such as a headache or loss of vision.\n\nClick the links below for more information: No Symptoms High Blood Pressure\n(Hypertension) Proteinuria Swelling (Edema) Headache Nausea or Vomiting\nAbdominal (stomach area) and/or Shoulder Pain Lower back pain Sudden Weight\nGain Changes in Vision Hyperreflexia Shortness of breath, anxiety\n\n#### No Symptoms\n\nPreeclampsia is a serious condition of pregnancy, and can be particularly\ndangerous because many of the signs are silent while some symptoms resemble\n“normal” effects of pregnancy on your body. Many women suffering from\npreeclampsia don’t feel sick, and may be surprised or become frustrated when\nthey are admitted to the hospital or prescribed bed rest since they still feel\nwell.\n\nHigh blood pressure is an important sign of preeclampsia. The disease is\nsometimes referred to as a silent killer because most people can’t “feel”\ntheir blood pressure going up. As a result, patient awareness of the warning\nsigns is one of the most important tools we have to successfully help women\nreceive the care they need. We encourage you to familiarize yourself with\nsigns and symptoms included here to empower yourself and/or others during\npregnancy.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nProper prenatal care is essential so don’t miss your appointments. Weighing\nin, checking your blood pressure and testing your urine for protein, each\nimportant for detecting preeclampsia, should take place at every prenatal\nvisit. Do not be afraid to question your caregiver if any of these tests are\nomitted.\n\nA good prenatal diet full of vitamins, minerals and the basic food groups are\nimportant for any pregnancy, as is reducing consumption of processed foods,\nrefined sugars and caffeine. Eliminating alcohol and any medication not\nprescribed by a physician is essential. Report all medications prescribed by\nother doctors to your prenatal care provider so that these products can be\nchecked regarding their safe use during pregnancy. Speak with your health care\nprofessional before taking any nutritional supplement – herbal or otherwise.\nAlthough there is no evidence that these healthy behaviors and choices impact\npreeclampsia, they do optimize your health for the best pregnancy possible.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### High blood pressure (Hypertension)\n\nHigh blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the biggest red flags that\npreeclampsia may be developing. And even if it's not a symptom of\npreeclampsia, it can still be a sign of a problem.\n\nHigh blood pressure is traditionally defined as blood pressure of 140/90 or\ngreater, measured on two separate occasions at least four hours apart. During\npregnancy, a rise in the lower number (diastolic) of 15 degrees or more, or a\nrise in the upper number (systolic) of 30 degrees or more can also be a cause\nfor concern.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nKnow your blood pressure prior to pregnancy, especially if it's normally\nconsidered low. Ask, \"What is my blood pressure?\" during each prenatal visit\nwith your healthcare provider.\n\nKeep a log of your blood pressure, taken at the same time each day and in the\nsame position. Share your log with your healthcare provider at each visit and\nnotify her immediately if you find any significant rise between visits.\n\nYou can buy your own blood pressure monitor at most pharmacies, and some of\nthese stores have a monitor available for your use, though they aren't always\nreliable. If you own your own monitor, have it calibrated with those used in\nyour provider’s office.\n\nFor accuracy, blood pressure readings should be taken in the sitting position,\nwith the cuff positioned on the left arm at the level of the heart. (\"Your\nBlood Pressure: Know the Basics\")\n\nPlease note that home monitors are not always as accurate as those used in\nclinics or hospitals. Home readings should never replace prenatal visits, nor\nshould a \"normal\" reading mean you can ignore other symptoms of preeclampsia.\n\nSome healthcare providers will recommend bed rest for you, even though\nevidence has not shown it to make a difference in outcomes. Some believe this\nhelps limit potential stressors that could contribute to elevated blood\npressures. During late pregnancy, you may be advised to lie on your left side\nto prevent restriction on certain veins which could also contribute to\nelevated blood pressure. Healthcare providers do not always agree on the\nbenefits of lying on your side, but there is no evidence of harm.\n\nYou may consider seeing or consulting with a specialist in high risk\npregnancies. This Physician Locator may help.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Protein in your urine (Proteinuria)\n\nProteinuria, another sign of preeclampsia, is the result of proteins, normally\nconfined to the blood by the filtering role of your kidney, spilling into your\nurine. This is because preeclampsia temporarily damages this “filter.”\nAlbumin, as well as many other proteins, are lost this way.\n\nA simple dipstick test of your urine at each prenatal check-up can screen for\nproteinuria, though other methods may be used in clinics and medical offices\nsuch as a Protein:Creatinine Ratio (PCR) or a timed urine collection.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nDuring each prenatal visit, ask your health care provider for the results of\nyour urine test. A nurse will have dipped a reagent strip into a sample of\nyour urine. A reading of trace protein is relatively common and is usually not\na cause for concern. However, if the reading is 1+ or greater, it may signify\nthe onset of preeclampsia, even if your blood pressure is below 140/90. If you\nare concerned, or have had preeclampsia before, you can buy reagent strips at\nsome pharmacies or online. Should you record a reading of 2+ or greater at\nhome, call your healthcare provider that very same day.\n\nSometimes healthcare providers will have you collect your urine for 12 or 24\nhours to determine the exact quantity of protein in the urine. While this is\nnot a particularly convenient task, be sure to follow your provider’s\ndirections and make every effort to be accurate. In a 24 hour collection,\nproteinuria is diagnosed when there is at least 300 mg/24h though an amount\nclose to that might be equally concerning. In the case of a protein-creatinine\nratio (another way to measure proteinuria), 0.3 generally corresponds to 300\nmg in a 24-hour collection.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Swelling (Edema)\n\nA certain amount of swelling is normal during pregnancy. Unless you're one of\na lucky few, you may notice a little extra puffiness in your feet (good luck\nfitting into your pre-pregnancy shoes!). Edema, on the other hand, is the\naccumulation of excess fluid, and can be a concern when it occurs in your\nface, around your eyes, or in your hands.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nIf you think your face is getting excessively puffy, find a picture of\nyourself from just before pregnancy to share with your healthcare provider. If\nthe swelling in your hands and feet becomes severe, you may notice “pitting\nedema” (when you press your thumb into your skin, an indentation remains for a\nfew seconds) or discoloration of your legs. If you suspect this kind of edema,\nnotify your healthcare provider. You should also put your feet up every day,\nbut avoid sitting for extended periods of time.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Headaches\n\nDull or severe, throbbing headaches, often described as migraine-like that\njust won't go away are cause for concern.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nIf you have tried taking over-the-counter medication without relief, if the\nheadache is very painful, you have light sensitivity, or if your headache is\naccompanied by vision changes (please read the section below on \"Changes in\nVision\") call your provider immediately and ask to see him/her that day.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Nausea or Vomiting\n\nNausea or vomiting is particularly significant when the onset is sudden and\nafter mid-pregnancy. “Morning sickness” should disappear after the first\ntrimester and the sudden appearance of nausea and vomiting after mid pregnancy\nmay be linked to preeclampsia.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nCall your care provider. Nausea or vomiting can be confused with the flu or\ngallbladder problems, so insist on getting your blood pressure checked and\nchecking your urine for proteinuria.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Abdominal (stomach area) and/or Shoulder Pain\n\nThis type of abdominal pain, often called epigastric pain or upper right\nquadrant (URQ) pain, is usually under the ribs on the right side. It can be\nconfused with heartburn, gallbladder problems, flu, indigestion or pain from\nthe baby kicking. Shoulder pain is often called “referred pain” because it\nradiates from the liver under the right ribs. Lower back pain is different\nfrom muscle strain common to pregnancy, because it is usually more acute and\nspecific. Shoulder pain can feel like someone is deeply pinching you along the\nbra strap or on your neck, or it can be painful to lie on your right side. All\nof these pain symptoms may be a sign of HELLP Syndrome or a related problem in\nthe liver.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nPain in this area should be taken very seriously; do not dismiss it and go to\nbed. Call your health professional immediately.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Lower Back Pain\n\nLower back pain is a very common complaint of pregnancy. However, sometimes it\nmay indicate a problem with the liver, especially if it accompanies other\nsymptoms of preeclampsia.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nRead also Stomach and Right Shoulder Pain (above) and mention this symptom to\nyour health care provider. If this pain accompanies one or more of the other\nsymptoms, you should call your health care provider immediately.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Sudden Weight Gain\n\nWeight gain of more than 3-5 pounds in a week may be an indicator of\npreeclampsia. Damaged blood vessels allow more water to leak into and stay in\nyour body's tissue and not to pass through the kidneys to be excreted.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nDo not try to lose weight during pregnancy by restricting your diet. Eating a\nhealthy, balanced diet, including fresh raw fruit and vegetables, your\nprenatal vitamin, and a folic acid supplement is important for all\npregnancies. Avoid excessive salt. Prior to getting pregnant, achieve a\nhealthy weight (a BMI of 30 or less) since obesity has been shown to increase\nthe chances of getting preeclampsia.\n\nGiven that preeclampsia is a complex disease, women will develop it for\ndifferent reasons. A healthy, balanced diet and optimal weight may make a\nsignificant difference for some women. However, we urge caution when\nconsidering diets designed for weight-loss or claiming to prevent preeclampsia\nthat encourage large amounts of protein. Excessive dietary protein may cause\nproblems in women with underlying kidney disease.\n\nBe sure to drink sufficient amounts of fluid, usually dictated by your normal\nthirst sensations, and to perform moderate amounts of exercise regularly.\nDuring your prenatal visits do not attempt to disguise weight gain by skipping\nbreakfast, using diet pills or fasting for the day. An accurate weight is\nvital for a proper diagnosis.\n\nThe Preeclampsia Foundation recognizes the importance of a good diet, however\nwe do not recommend any particular diet or juice product.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Changes in Vision\n\nVision changes are one of the most serious symptoms of preeclampsia. They may\nbe associated with central nervous system irritation or be an indication of\nswelling of the brain (cerebral edema).\n\nCommon vision changes include sensations of flashing lights, auras, light\nsensitivity, or blurry vision or spots.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nIf you experience any of these changes in vision, you should contact your\nhealthcare provider immediately or go directly to the hospital. These symptoms\nare very serious and should not be left unattended, even until the next\nmorning.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Hyperreflexia\n\nHyperreflexia is when your reflexes are so strong that when your knee is\ntapped by a rubber “hammer,” your leg bounces back hard. Hyperreflexia is\ngenerally caused by an overreaction of the involuntary nervous system to\nstimulation.\n\nDeep tendon reflexes are increased in many women prior to seizures, but\nseizures can also occur without hyperreflexia.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nThis sign is generally measured by a healthcare provider and otherwise\ndifficult for you to observe yourself. Like headache and visual changes,\nhyperreflexia may indicate changes in your nervous system. Your healthcare\nprovider will let you know if he/she is concerned and whether it is an\nindication, along with other signs and symptoms, that you should go to the\nhospital.\n\nIf you are under treatment with magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures, your\nhealthcare provider may also test your reflexes to monitor for the need to\nstart, adjust or stop the magnesium treatment. An overdose of magnesium\nsulfate may suppress or excessively slow your reflexes.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Shortness of breath, anxiety\n\nShortness of breath, a racing pulse, mental confusion, a heightened sense of\nanxiety, and a sense of impending doom can be symptoms of preeclampsia. If\nthese symptoms are new to you, they could indicate an elevated blood pressure,\nor more rarely, fluid collecting in your lungs (pulmonary edema).\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nContact your healthcare provider immediately if these symptoms are new. If\nyou've experienced these conditions before pregnancy, be sure to mention them\nto your care provider during your next visit so they can be monitoried\nthroughout your pregnancy.\n\nDuring pregnancy, it's important to listen to your gut. If something doesn't\nfeel right, trust your instincts and call your healthcare provider. Never be\nafraid to call and discuss anything unusual. A good healthcare provider will\nnever be too busy to address your concerns. The worst outcomes of preeclampsia\ncan be avoided by early recognition.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Featured Video\n\nFaces of Preeclampsia\n\nView all Videos\n\n## Featured Publications\n\nPreeclampsia Awareness Survey 2014\n\nPreeclampsia: A Decade of Perspective | Global Call\n\nTop 10 Pregnancy Books Report\n\nMaking Preeclampsia History-2013 Annual Report\n\n## Resources\n\n * History of Preeclampsia\n * About Preeclampsia\n * Cause of Preeclampsia\n * Signs and Symptoms\n * HELLP Syndrome\n * Newsletters\n\n## FAQS\n\n * What is preeclampsia?\n * How does preeclampsia affect the baby?\n * Can I get preeclampsia in another pregnancy?\n\nView All\n\nJOIN OUR MAILING LIST. 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All rights reserved.\n\n#### JOIN OUR MAILING LIST\n\nJOIN OUR MAILING LIST. We respect your privacy.\n\n#### Privacy Policy\n\nNormal web site usage The Preeclampsia Foundation has a firm commitment to\nInternet privacy. You can visit most portions of preeclampsia.org without\ntelling us who you are and without revealing any personal information. The\nonly information we collect from a normal web site visit is the name of your\nInternet Service Provider, the browser and type of machine you are using, the\nweb site that referred you to us, the pages you request and the date and time\nyou request them. We use this information to generate statistics and measure\nsite activity to improve the usefulness of the site to our visitors.\n\nCurrently we are using Google Analytics to analyze the audience of the website\nand improve our content. No personal information is collected from Google\nAnalytics. For further information on the privacy policy concerning Google\nAnalytics, please go here,\nhttps://support.google.com/analytics/answer/6004245?hl=en \"\n\nCollection of personally identifiable information The Preeclampsia Foundation\nmay collect names, email addresses and other personally identifiable data\nabout visitors when such data is voluntarily submitted to preeclampsia.org.\nFor example, our site uses forms for visitors to register or make a donation\nonline. Contact information from these forms is used to send information about\npreeclampsia or Foundation activity to our visitors. Financial information is\nused to bill or provide receipts to visitors in connection with their\ndonations. To ensure the security of credit card and personal information,\nthis Web site employs industry-standard security methods, including the Secure\nSocket Layers (SSL) protocol for the encryption of transmitted data. The\nPreeclampsia Foundation goes to great lengths to protect the confidentiality\nand integrity of any personal information you share with us over the Internet.\nIn instances where we may partner with medical organizations to conduct\nresearch on preeclampsia, your participation may be expressly requested, but\nyour permission would be required prior to sharing personally identifiable\ndata with authorized medical organizations.\n\nThe Preeclampsia Foundation makes every effort to ensure the secure collection\nand transmission of sensitive user information using industry accepted data\ncollection and encryption methodologies.\n\nDonor Privacy Policy We will not sell, share or trade our donors' names or\npersonal information with any other entity, nor send mailings to our donors on\nbehalf of other organizations. This policy applies to all information received\nby the Preeclampsia Foundation both online and offline, on any Platform\n(\"Platform\", includes all Preeclampsia Foundations owned websites and mobile\napplications), as well as any electronic, written, or oral communications. To\nthe extent any donations are processed through a third-party service provider,\nour donors’ information will only be used for purposes necessary to process\nthe donation.\n\nCookies We do not use cookies on the majority of our website pages. The donate\npages do use \"per session\" cookies. Per session cookies last only for the life\nof your current browser load and use no permanent storage on your hard drive.\nThe use of per session cookies is very common in modern Web sites.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190617195007/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy","parsed_text":{"title":"The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs","passages":["As pregnancy hormones increase the blood supply to your breasts, you may feel a tingling sensation around your nipples (Blackburn 2013, Murray and Hassall 2014).","This can be one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy, and is sometimes noticeable within a week or so of conception. Once your body gets used to the hormone surge, this sensation will subside.","It's not uncommon to have some spotting when you're around six weeks pregnant (Hasan et al 2010, Newson 2014). You may notice a slight pink or brown- coloured stain in your knickers, or when you wee, or feel slight cramping.","Experts aren't entirely sure why spotting in very early pregnancy happens. It's thought to be caused by the developing placenta (Norwitz and Park 2016).","If you're lucky, you'll escape nausea completely. However, morning sickness is a common symptom of early pregnancy (NHS 2015a). It often starts when you're about six weeks pregnant, though it can start as early as four weeks (Murray and Hassall 2014).","You may feel sick and queasy, or even vomit. Despite the name, morning sickness can affect you at any time of the day, or night (NHS 2015a).","Once you are about six weeks pregnant, your breasts may become increasingly sensitive (NHS 2016). It's similar to how they feel before you have a period, but more so.","You may notice that your breasts are larger and swollen, with veins visible just below the skin. Tenderness tends to be most common in the first trimester, easing as pregnancy progresses.","Exhausted? You may find yourself diving for your duvet as your body cranks up to support your baby, right from the early stages of pregnancy (NHS 2016). Pregnancy hormones in your body are to blame, as these can make you feel tired, upset and emotional.","Though fatigue is not a sure-fire symptom on its own, it's a common pregnancy one (Blackburn 2013). You may find that tiredness wipes you out the most in your first trimester and third trimester.","This is down to a combination of pregnancy hormones, a larger volume of blood in your system, and your kidneys working extra hard.","If you feel pain or a burning sensation when you wee, though, you may have a urinary tract infection (UTI). See your doctor if you think you have a UTI.","Skin changes are common during pregnancy. One of the first changes you may notice is the circle of skin round your nipples (areolas) getting darker (Murray and Hassall 2014). This can happen from about eight weeks.","You may also find that the bumps around your nipples become more pronounced, and your nipples more erect. Your vulva and vagina may change to a deeper, purplish red, too (Murray and Hassall 2014), though you probably won't notice this!","Food cravings can be a symptom of pregnancy. You're more likely to go off certain flavours at first, though, possibly even before you've missed a period.","You may notice a metallic taste in your mouth, or find that you can't face your morning coffee or a food you usually like, such as eggs (NHS 2016).","Find out if you can predict the sex of your baby based on the kind of foods you crave in pregnancy.More pregnancy videos","If you're usually pretty regular, and your period doesn't start on time, you'll probably take a pregnancy test before you notice any other symptoms. A missed period is one of the surest symptoms of pregnancy (NHS 2016).","But if your periods are usually irregular, or you lose track of when your next one is due, you may not realise that your period is late. In this case, tender breasts, feeling queasy and making extra trips to the loo may be early clues that you're pregnant.","Most home pregnancy tests will give you a reliable result if you wait until at least the first day of a missed period.","Blackburn ST. 2013. The prenatal period and placental physiology. In: Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. A clinical perspective. 4th ed. Oxford: Elsevier Saunders, 61-2","Crafter H, Brewster J. 2014. Common problems associated with early and advanced pregnancy. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 222-42","Hasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, et al. 2010. Patterns and predictors of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol 20(7):524-31","Norwitz ER, Park JS. 2016. Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal bleeding in pregnant women. UpToDate 08 Nov","Hi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before I could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima. Just when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw a post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on onimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps me with other problems till now!","Hi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before I could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima. Just when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw a post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on onimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps me with other problems till now!","* Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n* What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\n* Dynamic debate\n* Actively trying for a baby\n* Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\n* IVF support group\n* Pregnant for the first time\n* Baby names\n* Breastfeeding\n* Baby-led weaning\n* Parents of toddlers\n* Coping with a miscarriage\nSee all in Community","* Before you begin\n* Ovulation & timing\n* Quiz: could you be pregnant?\n* Top 10 signs of pregnancy\n* Best sex positions\n* Ovulation calculator\n* Fertility tips for men\n* All about pregnancy tests\n* 9 tips to get pregnant fast\n* Can you choose your baby's sex?\n* How age affects fertility\nPOPULAR TOPICS","* Trying for a baby\n* Am I pregnant?\n* Sex & conception\n* Infertility & trouble conceiving\nSee all in Getting Pregnant","* Symptoms you should never ignore\n* How big is your baby?\n* Weekly meal planners\n* Pregnancy scans\n* Baby names finder\n* Due date calculator\n* Morning sickness remedies\n* Hospital bag checklist\n* Predicting your baby's sex\nPOPULAR TOPICS","* Your pregnancy week by week\n* How your baby's developing\n* Dads' guide to pregnancy\n* Labour & birth\n* Baby name inspiration\n* Popular baby names 2018\nSee all in Pregnancy","* Bonding with your baby\n* Breastfeeding for beginners\n* Find the right formula milk\n* Buying for your baby\n* When can your baby sleep through?\n* Name that rash!\n* Baby poo: what's normal?\n* Ways to soothe a crying baby\n* Teething timeline\n* The truth about growth spurts\nPOPULAR TOPICS","* Your baby week by week\n* Sleep basics\n* First foods\n* Baby development\n* The best baby products\nSee all in Baby","* Dealing with tantrums\n* Food & fussy eating\n* Toddler development milestones\n* When to start potty training\n* Teething & sleep\n* Moving from a cot to a bed\n* Help your child sleep through\n* Bedtime routines\n* Learning to talk\n* Constipation in toddlers\n* Vomiting: what's normal?\nPOPULAR TOPICS","* Your toddler month by month\n* Potty training\n* Top sleep tips\n* Games & activities\nSee all in Toddler","* Top sleep tips for children\n* How kids learn to share\n* Coping with aggression\n* Bedtime battles\n* When your child won't stay in bed\n* Anxiety in children\n* Night terrors\n* Dealing with public tantrums\nPOPULAR TOPICS","* Your child month by month\n* Food ideas & nutrition\n* Teaching values: empathy to manners\n* Discipline tactics that work\n* Easy arts & crafts\n* Great play ideas\n* Top tips for starting school\nSee all in Preschooler","* Your body after birth\n* Healthy post-birth weight loss\n* Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\n* Managing postnatal depression\n* The cost of childcare\n* Your rights & benefits\n* Sex secrets for parents\n* Strengthen your post-baby belly\nPOPULAR TOPICS","* First timers: tips and advice\n* Family horoscopes\n* Getting back into shape\n* Your pelvic floor\n* Life as a mum\n* Life as a dad\n* Family finance tips\nSee all in Life as a Parent","* How pregnancy changes your body\n* What happens during childbirth\n* What to pack in your hospital bag\n* The best positions for labour\n* How to express milk\n* How to swaddle your baby\n* Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\n* Signs of teething\n* Tummy time tips\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS","* Fetal development stage by stage\n* Labour & birth\n* Postnatal exercises\n* Recipes for weaning & beyond\n* Baby massage how-to guides\n* Baby sleep videos\nSee all in Video","This Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health or the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this site. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms of Use.","This site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its contents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use."]},"parsed_md":"The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs - BabyCentre UK\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Getting pregnant\n\nadvertisement\n\nCommunity groups\n\nActively tryingSymptom spottersCharts, temping and OPKsSee all getting\npregnant groups\n\nHome Getting pregnant Am I pregnant?\n\n# The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs\n\n### In this article\n\n * 1\\. Prickling, tingling nipples\n * 2\\. Spotting and cramping\n * 3\\. Feeling sick\n * 4\\. Tender, swollen breasts\n * 5\\. Feeling tired\n * 6\\. Needing to wee frequently\n * 7\\. Darker nipples\n * 8\\. Food cravings and altered sense of smell\n * 9\\. A missed period\n * 10\\. The proof: a positive home pregnancy test\n\nVIDEO\n\n###### Inside pregnancy: weeks 1-9\n\nA 3D animation of your baby in the early stages of pregnancy.\n\n## 1\\. Prickling, tingling nipples\n\nAs pregnancy hormones increase the blood supply to your breasts, you may feel\na tingling sensation around your nipples (Blackburn 2013, Murray and Hassall\n2014).\n\nThis can be one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy, and is sometimes\nnoticeable within a week or so of conception. Once your body gets used to the\nhormone surge, this sensation will subside.\n\n## 2\\. Spotting and cramping\n\nIt's not uncommon to have some spotting when you're around six weeks pregnant\n(Hasan et al 2010, Newson 2014). You may notice a slight pink or brown-\ncoloured stain in your knickers, or when you wee, or feel slight cramping.\n\nExperts aren't entirely sure why spotting in very early pregnancy happens.\nIt's thought to be caused by the developing placenta (Norwitz and Park 2016).\n\nIf you have any bleeding that seems unusual, see your doctor to be on the safe\nside.\n\n## 3\\. Feeling sick\n\nIf you're lucky, you'll escape nausea completely. However, morning sickness is\na common symptom of early pregnancy (NHS 2015a). It often starts when you're\nabout six weeks pregnant, though it can start as early as four weeks (Murray\nand Hassall 2014).\n\nYou may feel sick and queasy, or even vomit. Despite the name, morning\nsickness can affect you at any time of the day, or night (NHS 2015a).\n\n## 4\\. Tender, swollen breasts\n\nOnce you are about six weeks pregnant, your breasts may become increasingly\nsensitive (NHS 2016). It's similar to how they feel before you have a period,\nbut more so.\n\nYou may notice that your breasts are larger and swollen, with veins visible\njust below the skin. Tenderness tends to be most common in the first\ntrimester, easing as pregnancy progresses.\n\n## 5\\. Feeling tired\n\nExhausted? You may find yourself diving for your duvet as your body cranks up\nto support your baby, right from the early stages of pregnancy (NHS 2016).\nPregnancy hormones in your body are to blame, as these can make you feel\ntired, upset and emotional.\n\nThough fatigue is not a sure-fire symptom on its own, it's a common pregnancy\none (Blackburn 2013). You may find that tiredness wipes you out the most in\nyour first trimester and third trimester.\n\n## 6\\. Needing to wee frequently\n\nFrom about six weeks of pregnancy, you may notice that you're weeing more\noften (NHS 2015b, Rankin 2014).\n\nThis is down to a combination of pregnancy hormones, a larger volume of blood\nin your system, and your kidneys working extra hard.\n\nIf you feel pain or a burning sensation when you wee, though, you may have a\nurinary tract infection (UTI). See your doctor if you think you have a UTI.\n\n## 7\\. Darker nipples\n\nSkin changes are common during pregnancy. One of the first changes you may\nnotice is the circle of skin round your nipples (areolas) getting darker\n(Murray and Hassall 2014). This can happen from about eight weeks.\n\nYou may also find that the bumps around your nipples become more pronounced,\nand your nipples more erect. Your vulva and vagina may change to a deeper,\npurplish red, too (Murray and Hassall 2014), though you probably won't notice\nthis!\n\n## 8\\. Food cravings and altered sense of smell\n\nFood cravings can be a symptom of pregnancy. You're more likely to go off\ncertain flavours at first, though, possibly even before you've missed a\nperiod.\n\nYou may notice a metallic taste in your mouth, or find that you can't face\nyour morning coffee or a food you usually like, such as eggs (NHS 2016).\n\nYour sense of smell may change as well, and you may become more sensitive to\nfood or cooking smells.\n\nCan cravings predict gender?\n\nFind out if you can predict the sex of your baby based on the kind of foods\nyou crave in pregnancy.More pregnancy videos\n\n## 9\\. A missed period\n\nIf you're usually pretty regular, and your period doesn't start on time,\nyou'll probably take a pregnancy test before you notice any other symptoms. A\nmissed period is one of the surest symptoms of pregnancy (NHS 2016).\n\nBut if your periods are usually irregular, or you lose track of when your next\none is due, you may not realise that your period is late. In this case, tender\nbreasts, feeling queasy and making extra trips to the loo may be early clues\nthat you're pregnant.\n\n## 10\\. The proof: a positive home pregnancy test\n\nMost home pregnancy tests will give you a reliable result if you wait until at\nleast the first day of a missed period.\n\nLast reviewed: January 2017\n\n## References\n\nBlackburn ST. 2013. The prenatal period and placental physiology. In:\nMaternal, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. A clinical perspective. 4th ed.\nOxford: Elsevier Saunders, 61-2\n\nCrafter H, Brewster J. 2014. Common problems associated with early and\nadvanced pregnancy. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for\nMidwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 222-42\n\nHasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, et al. 2010. Patterns and predictors of vaginal\nbleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol 20(7):524-31\n\nMurray I, Hassall J. 2014. Change and adaptation in pregnancy. In: Marshall\nJE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill\nLivingstone, 143-77\n\nNewson L. 2014. Early pregnancy signs and symptoms. Patient, Health\ninformation. patient.info [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNHS. 2015a. Nausea and morning sickness. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. Pregnancy\nand baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNHS. 2015b. Common health problems in pregnancy. NHS Choices, Health A-Z.\nPregnancy and baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNHS. 2016. Signs and symptoms of pregnancy. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. Pregnancy\nand baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNorwitz ER, Park JS. 2016. Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal\nbleeding in pregnant women. UpToDate 08 Nov\n\nRankin J. 2014. The female urinary tract. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds.\nMyles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 81-90\n\nShow references Hide references\n\n### Track your baby’s development\n\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\n\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\n\n## Comments\n\n#### Log in or sign up to post a comment!\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n10/05/19\n\nRead this it will help you get pregnant Infertilitycure.info\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n28/04/19\n\nHi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before\nI could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima.\nJust when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw\na post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on\nonimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps\nme with other problems till now!\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n15/04/19\n\nMy stomach just keep swollen up and I don't missed my period\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n21/03/19\n\nPlease, i am 9weeks pregnant and i am not seeing any changes in my stomach\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n19/03/19\n\nHi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before\nI could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima.\nJust when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw\na post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on\nonimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps\nme with other problems till now!\n\nReport this\n\nSee more comments\n\nadvertisement\n\nJoin BabyCentre\n\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\n\nYou might also like\n\n * What pregnancy symptoms will I have at three weeks?\n * What are the signs of pregnancy?\n * Your pregnancy at 3 weeks\n * How to get your body ready for a baby\n * When can I take a pregnancy test?\n * What pregnancy symptoms will I have at three weeks?\n * Is a pregnancy test accurate? (Video)\n * My home pregnancy test showed a faint line. 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Delivered to your inbox.\n\n##### My Baby This Week Newsletter\n\nKeep up with your baby’s development with personalised weekly newsletters.\n\n##### The BabyCentre Bulletin\n\nGet the latest parenting news, plus expert advice and real-world wisdom.\n\n##### Special Offers from Our Partners\n\nReceive discounts, deals and parenting information from BabyCentre’s partners.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423003447/https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist","parsed_text":{"title":"The Early Signs of Pregnancy Symptoms Checklist","passages":["The following are common early signs of pregnancy. However, symptoms of pregnancy are not the same for every woman. In fact, your own symptoms may actually be different from one pregnancy to another.","Pregnancy symptoms can also vary in their intensity, frequency and duration. The following early signs and symptoms of pregnancy checklist is only a guideline.","If you are not trying to conceive, you might think it is just your period coming on again, when in reality you may be experiencing very early signs of pregnancy.","If you are trying to conceive, you may be frustrated when you think you may be experiencing early symptoms of pregnancy but they are only pre-menstrual symptoms.","You will experience a wide variety of physical and emotional changes during pregnancy. These may include any or all of the pregnancy symptoms listed below.","Although each of these are considered typical early symptoms of pregnancy, they may happen earlier or later than the order in which they appear on the following list.","Remember, some of the earliest signs of pregancy may be subtle, not obvious. Whenever there is any question that you might be experiencing early signs of pregnancy, do a home pregnancy test.","Perhaps the most obvious early symptom of pregnancy is when you've missed your period. This possible sign of pregnancy is often what causes women to search for more details about the other pregnancy symptoms.","Some women might only experience a much lighter period compared to their usual. You might not experience any of the pregnancy signs listed below until around the time you notice you've missed your monthly cycle.","This early pregnancy symptom may be the reason why you are checking this list right now. Many women believe they have an intuition about pregnancy signs. Their intuition is often proven correct.","Maybe you just feel different; tired, moody, queasy, lightheaded. You may also have heartburn, constipation, or find yourself making more frequent trips to the restroom. Perhaps you feel a dull ache or stiffness in your lower back, you have sore breasts or they seem overly sensitive, or you are simply not feeling like your usual self.","One of the very noticeable early signs of pregnancy is tender, swollen, somewhat sore breasts. You may notice this pregnancy sign at bedtime when you are trying to get comfortable and go to sleep, when exercising or showering, or when getting dressed.","When you become pregnant, your body begins preparing your breasts for producing milk and breastfeeding. Hormones start increasing. In addition to breast tenderness and swelling, your nipples may feel sore or extra sensitive. Some women notice their nipples darken in color.","Your breasts play an important role in childbirth. They are naturally sensitive and become far more so when pregnant. This is one of the most obvious early symptoms of pregnancy.","One of the earliest pregnancy signs for some women may be fatigue and exhaustion. You may start going to bed sooner, or find it harder than usual to get out of bed in the morning. If you are working, by noon you may feel like you need to lie down. Exercising seems like too much effort. A simple activity like shopping may leave you feeling wiped out and lightheaded. This early pregnancy symptom is caused by all of the changes that your body is going through, plus the increasing levels of hormones.","If you know you are pregnant, try to take frequent rests or naps of 15 minutes to a half-hour whenever possible. Explain to your family, friends and coworkers that you need these naps. Ask for their help in blocking out rest times for you.","An early symptom of pregnancy that others may notice you experiencing is frequent trips to the restroom. Your family or friends may comment that you seem to be going off to the ladies room quite often lately. One cause of this pregnancy symptom is that the swelling uterus can put pressure on your bladder.","Also, pregnancy causes extra body fluids to be processed by your kidneys and bladder. That means more trips to the restroom. Sorry to have to say this, but this symptom of pregnancy may remain constant for nine months.","One of these pregnancy signs of queasiness, nausea and vomiting can take you by surprise when you least expect it. These early pregnancy symptoms may come as soon as a week into the pregnancy. Many women experience nausea in the morning when they have coffee and/or eat something on an empty stomach. This is known as morning sickness (see below). Other women notice nausea in the afternoon or evening. Others feel queasy all day.","This pregnancy symptom may often be helped by eating smaller, more frequent snack size meals. Many women say saltine crackers and milk seem to be helpful. This is an early symptom of pregnancy that seems to show up about a month after pregnancy has begun. It tends to level off once you are into your second trimester and your body adjusts to all the many changes it is going through.","One of the more surprising pregnancy signs is dizziness and/or fainting. Going up stairs, standing up suddenly after sitting for a time, or just having to stand in line at the grocery store can make you feel light headed. You might even faint. As the uterus swells it compresses arteries in your legs. This can drop your blood pressure and make you dizzy.","A common early sign of pregnancy is that you may feel faint when you have gone a while without eating. This is due to low blood sugar, because that is your baby's main source of food. You want to eat frequent, healthy snacks to keep your blood sugar up. Stock up on portable lunch box foods you can take with you. Such as apples, bananas, grapes, yogurt cups, carrots and celery, cheese and crackers, small cartons of milk, juice boxes, granola bars, boxes of raisins, etc.","A well-known cliché is the pregnancy sign-symptom of craving certain foods or unusual combinations of foods. For example, one woman said she craved midnight snacks of warm peach pie topped with vanilla ice cream. Everyone has a funny story about food cravings.","Taking a good pre-natal vitamin supplement and a pure fish oil capsule may ease some cravings and help prevent extra weight gain ... and of course prenatal vitamins and fish oil are often doctor recommended for the health of your baby.","Less well known but equally common pregnancy signs are aversions to certain foods. You may find that some foods you previously enjoyed are no longer appetizing. One woman told us she had always liked pizza, but couldn't stand it at all while she was expecting. Just the smell of it made her feel nausea. This problem may come and go for some women. For others it could last throughout pregnancy.","Another related early symptom of pregnancy is a heightened sensitivity to aromas. Even a favorite aroma, such as the smell of a food or perfume, can make you gag. The smell of fresh mowed grass, the smell of a gas station, smells of various foods, household cleaners, perfumes, cigarette smoke, etc., can all cause you to feel nauseated (see nausea symptom above). This is thought to be yet another side effect of the estrogen that is flooding your body.","This pregnancy symptom is well known, and it is related to the nausea symptom. It can be caused by a variety of factors. Your body is craving food and you have not eaten all night so your tummy feels queasy. Your body has way more hormones coursing through it than normal and this can . You are sensitive to aromas and foods, so your morning coffee may not agree with you. The usual breakfast you typically have may not settle well in your stomach during this time. One woman usually had a scone along with a coffee late' for breakfast, but found that during pregnancy it made her feel sick. She changed to tea and toast and that worked well for her. Each woman is different and will have different foods that may or may not contribute to morning sickness.","This pregnancy symptom is caused by the uterus starting to swell and pushing against the stomach and other organs as it grows. Also, increasing levels of hormones may slow down digestion and bowel functions to allow the body to absorb as much vitamins, minerals and nutrients as possible from foods. Taking a quality prenatal multi-vitamin-mineral supplement is important to help your body get the nutrients it needs for your growing baby.","The slower emptying of the stomach may also cause the release of increased stomach acid to aid digestion, leading to a feeling of heartburn. Soda crackers and sparkling water can help. Smaller more frequent meals are easier to digest. Drink plenty of water and eat fruits, vegetables and perhaps some raisin and bran cereal to help regularity. Some daily vitamin formulas also contain digestive enzymes (from pineapple and papaya fruits). These can help with digestion.","Ask your doctor before taking any kind of antacids as some contain aluminum and should be avoided. These two pregnancy symptoms can last throughout your term.","With all of these symptoms of pregnancy to deal with, along with raging hormones, is it any wonder you may experience some mood swings and irritability? There is also the emotional adjustment period to your new responsibility. Your world has changed. Even when your pregnancy is carefully planned, it is normal for your mind to suddenly be filled with questions about the timing, your career, finances, insurance, labor and delivery, motherhood, even the future costs of college.","It is perfectly normal to feel mixed emotions, excitement and depression, joy and sorrow, laughter and tears. Your partner may be very confused by this and may not seem to be supportive. Explain that your mood swings are very normal signs of pregnancy and that you need support and understanding.","You are the one doing all the hard work here and it is not asking too much for your partner to be patient, loving and to have plenty of hugs and kind words of support ready when you need them. Most fathers-to-be want very much to be supportive, they just need instructions. No one has ever told them anything about pregnancy symptoms. It is all a mystery to them.","We encourage you to email or print-out this early symptom of pregnancy checklist so your partner can read it too.","This early symptom of pregnancy may decrease in the second trimester. Meanwhile get plenty of sleep, eat right, take your prenatal vitamins and fish oil (fish oil is known as \"good mood food\") and get some moderate exercise by taking short walks.","One of the pregnancy symptoms that takes a while to gauge is higher than usual body temperature. You may have been feeling a little bit warm lately and wondered if you are coming down with a cold or something. Take your temperature and see if it is higher than it normally would be.","If you've been trying to conceive and hoping to get pregnant (it's a tough job but somebody has to do it), your doctor may already have suggested that you keep a record of your body temperature every day. If your temperature is higher than usual and it stays high for two weeks in a row, something is obviously going on with your body. You may be pregnant (or you may have a low grade fever). Prolonged periods of increased temperature are a cause to seek your doctor's opinion.","Early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain can be “a real pain,” literally. This low back pain is caused by several factors. First is your weight change. You gain some weight because you are pregnant, your uterus gets bigger, and your baby grows larger every week. Next, your posture and torso are thrown out of alignment. This weight is mostly in the front of your torso, which pulls on your back. It is like wearing a backpack on your front instead of your back. This changes your posture and puts a strain on your back.","Lack of your typical night’s sleep is another factor. You may be laying on your side and trying to get comfortable. The weight of your womb is pulling on your back muscles as you lay there too. Get a maternity pillow as that can help make you more comfortable.","Finally, your hormones and body changes have some effect too. Your body is getting ready for birth and so some of your joints and ligaments are loosening up to make delivery possible. All of these changes added together can cause the early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain. It is estimated that about half of all women will experience this pregnancy symptom.","One of the less known pregnancy symptoms is the slight bleeding and spotting that can be caused when the fertilized egg begins to implant itself into the uterus. This is known as \"implantation bleeding\" and it usually takes place between 3 to 6 days after fertilization.(This is earlier than I've ever read and it is a very recent article, not an old \"guess\".)","Once the egg becomes implanted in the uterus - congratulations, you are no longer wondering about pregnancy symptoms, you are indeed pregnant. At this point you might notice a little bit of red or pink spotting. Not all women experience implantation bleeding so it is not considered one of the most obvious pregnancy signs.","If you are worrying about possible early symptoms of pregnancy, you can put your mind at ease with a pregnancy test. More than just a pregnancy symptom, this is scientific proof positive of whether you are expecting a baby or not.","Pregnancy tests work best if you wait to take them until at least a day or two after you miss your period. Even if the pregnancy test result is negative you should try it again a few days later to be sure. The best pregnancy tests are the ones done by your doctor or medical clinic. However there are some very high quality at home tests available too.","Yes some unavoidable weight gain is also a sign. Your clothes are getting tighter, you are feeling bloated, the weight showing on the scale is going up... you are getting bigger and that is simply part of being pregnant.","You want to keep your weight gain to the normal amount for a healthy pregnancy, and not let it get out of hand to where you pack on a lot of unnecessary pounds that will be hard to lose later. Some tips on weight control can be found on this Pregnancy Without Pounds page.","Also, your odd food cravings may not be as strong if you are taking your prenatal vitamins and fish oil capsules. The cravings may be due to your body's need for special nutrition. The importance of pre-natal vitamins and fish oil capsules","Your doctor will tell you that if you are trying to conceive, or you believe you may be experiencing early pregnancy symptoms, you should be taking daily pre-natal vitamins. Vitamin supplements offer support for women trying to conceive, for your health and for the health of your baby.","Your body is under great nutritional demands to feed the growing little person inside you. For example, the March of Dimes encourages women to take a multi- vitamin containing folic acid, (a B vitamin).","Folic acid can help prevent birth defects. Help your body and your baby's body get the nutrition it needs. Take a quality pre-natal vitamin with folic acid just as soon as you notice the first common early pregnancy sign.","Many pregnant women are now also taking a high quality pharmaceutical grade pure fish oil supplement. This gives you the important nutrients of DHA and omega-3 for healthy babies.","It has been shown in clinical studies that diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil which provides DHA, will help to provide nutritional support to a baby's visual, nerve and brain function.","Fish oil capsules vary in quality. Distilled pharmaceutical grade fish oil is thought by many to be the very best quality. Don't take any chances on the quality of some \"mystery fish\" oil ... the very best kind we've ever found in our endless research is this amazing best quality fish oil","Warning: Your doctor will probably tell you, do not take flaxseed oil during pregnancy. Don't try to get omega-3 that way. Get it from fish oil instead. Flaxseed oil can have an effect upon estrogen and hormones, like soy can. It is for postmenopausal women, not pregnant women!","Talk to your doctor. Be very careful to avoid most herbs and supplements when pregnant or nursing. Most Moms only take prenatal supplements and the best quality fish oil pills. Always get the advice and approval of your doctor before taking any supplement during pregnancy, breastfeeding or when experiencing pregnancy symptoms.","I couldn't sleep last night so I did a lot of reading and several sites made the statement that with a second (or third, etc) pregnancy you are much more in tune with your body and you may even have signs of queasiness/nausea as soon as 24 hours after fertilization. Good to know.","very good to know!!!! that is the one thing since O that has not gone away! I am hopefull. Still remaining sceptical of a bfp though!","Tara - great info! I just wish it said on each symptom when it typically occurs. I know all women are different but just an idea of when \"most\" women start experiencing each symptom would be great. I know some of them stated about when but not all. What I really need is to stop analyzing every little thing 24/7! Ahhhh, I'm driving myself crazy","Oh no. I've been taking a Triple Omega for like a month - with flaxseed in addition to fish & safflower oils. Uggg!!!!!","I have one to add, and I do not recall seeing this on any of the early pregnancy symptom lists I have read online.","The first symptom I had when I was pregnant for LO was forgetfulness. I'd be thinking about something in particular, but the thought would just slip away. It happened quite a lot.","BabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. Our content is doctor approved and evidence based, and our community is moderated, lively, and welcoming. With thousands of award-winning articles and community groups, you can track your pregnancy and baby's growth, get answers to your toughest questions, and connect with moms, dads, and expectant parents just like you.","Copyright© 1997-2021 BabyCenter, LLC. All rights reserved. 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However, symptoms of\npregnancy are not the same for every woman. In fact, your own symptoms may\nactually be different from one pregnancy to another.\n\nPregnancy symptoms can also vary in their intensity, frequency and duration.\nThe following early signs and symptoms of pregnancy checklist is only a\nguideline.\n\nAlso keep in mind that many of the earliest pregnancy symptoms can appear\nsimilar to routine pre-menstrual discomforts.\n\nIf you are not trying to conceive, you might think it is just your period\ncoming on again, when in reality you may be experiencing very early signs of\npregnancy.\n\nIf you are trying to conceive, you may be frustrated when you think you may be\nexperiencing early symptoms of pregnancy but they are only pre-menstrual\nsymptoms.\n\nYou will experience a wide variety of physical and emotional changes during\npregnancy. These may include any or all of the pregnancy symptoms listed\nbelow.\n\nAlthough each of these are considered typical early symptoms of pregnancy,\nthey may happen earlier or later than the order in which they appear on the\nfollowing list.\n\nRemember, some of the earliest signs of pregancy may be subtle, not obvious.\nWhenever there is any question that you might be experiencing early signs of\npregnancy, do a home pregnancy test.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #1\n\n### Missed Period\n\nPerhaps the most obvious early symptom of pregnancy is when you've missed your\nperiod. This possible sign of pregnancy is often what causes women to search\nfor more details about the other pregnancy symptoms.\n\nSome women might only experience a much lighter period compared to their\nusual. You might not experience any of the pregnancy signs listed below until\naround the time you notice you've missed your monthly cycle.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #2\n\n### Just \"Feeling\" Pregnant\n\nThis early pregnancy symptom may be the reason why you are checking this list\nright now. Many women believe they have an intuition about pregnancy signs.\nTheir intuition is often proven correct.\n\nMaybe you just feel different; tired, moody, queasy, lightheaded. You may also\nhave heartburn, constipation, or find yourself making more frequent trips to\nthe restroom. Perhaps you feel a dull ache or stiffness in your lower back,\nyou have sore breasts or they seem overly sensitive, or you are simply not\nfeeling like your usual self.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #3\n\n### Breast Tenderness\n\nOne of the very noticeable early signs of pregnancy is tender, swollen,\nsomewhat sore breasts. You may notice this pregnancy sign at bedtime when you\nare trying to get comfortable and go to sleep, when exercising or showering,\nor when getting dressed.\n\nWhen you become pregnant, your body begins preparing your breasts for\nproducing milk and breastfeeding. Hormones start increasing. In addition to\nbreast tenderness and swelling, your nipples may feel sore or extra sensitive.\nSome women notice their nipples darken in color.\n\nYour breasts play an important role in childbirth. They are naturally\nsensitive and become far more so when pregnant. This is one of the most\nobvious early symptoms of pregnancy.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #4\n\n### Fatigue\n\nOne of the earliest pregnancy signs for some women may be fatigue and\nexhaustion. You may start going to bed sooner, or find it harder than usual to\nget out of bed in the morning. If you are working, by noon you may feel like\nyou need to lie down. Exercising seems like too much effort. A simple activity\nlike shopping may leave you feeling wiped out and lightheaded. This early\npregnancy symptom is caused by all of the changes that your body is going\nthrough, plus the increasing levels of hormones.\n\nIf you know you are pregnant, try to take frequent rests or naps of 15 minutes\nto a half-hour whenever possible. Explain to your family, friends and\ncoworkers that you need these naps. Ask for their help in blocking out rest\ntimes for you.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #5\n\n### Frequent Urination\n\nAn early symptom of pregnancy that others may notice you experiencing is\nfrequent trips to the restroom. Your family or friends may comment that you\nseem to be going off to the ladies room quite often lately. One cause of this\npregnancy symptom is that the swelling uterus can put pressure on your\nbladder.\n\nAlso, pregnancy causes extra body fluids to be processed by your kidneys and\nbladder. That means more trips to the restroom. Sorry to have to say this, but\nthis symptom of pregnancy may remain constant for nine months.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #6\n\n### Nausea\n\nOne of these pregnancy signs of queasiness, nausea and vomiting can take you\nby surprise when you least expect it. These early pregnancy symptoms may come\nas soon as a week into the pregnancy. Many women experience nausea in the\nmorning when they have coffee and/or eat something on an empty stomach. This\nis known as morning sickness (see below). Other women notice nausea in the\nafternoon or evening. Others feel queasy all day.\n\nThis pregnancy symptom may often be helped by eating smaller, more frequent\nsnack size meals. Many women say saltine crackers and milk seem to be helpful.\nThis is an early symptom of pregnancy that seems to show up about a month\nafter pregnancy has begun. It tends to level off once you are into your second\ntrimester and your body adjusts to all the many changes it is going through.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #7\n\n### Dizziness and/or Fainting\n\nOne of the more surprising pregnancy signs is dizziness and/or fainting. Going\nup stairs, standing up suddenly after sitting for a time, or just having to\nstand in line at the grocery store can make you feel light headed. You might\neven faint. As the uterus swells it compresses arteries in your legs. This can\ndrop your blood pressure and make you dizzy.\n\nA common early sign of pregnancy is that you may feel faint when you have gone\na while without eating. This is due to low blood sugar, because that is your\nbaby's main source of food. You want to eat frequent, healthy snacks to keep\nyour blood sugar up. Stock up on portable lunch box foods you can take with\nyou. Such as apples, bananas, grapes, yogurt cups, carrots and celery, cheese\nand crackers, small cartons of milk, juice boxes, granola bars, boxes of\nraisins, etc.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #8\n\n### Food Cravings, or Aversions to Foods\n\nA well-known cliché is the pregnancy sign-symptom of craving certain foods or\nunusual combinations of foods. For example, one woman said she craved midnight\nsnacks of warm peach pie topped with vanilla ice cream. Everyone has a funny\nstory about food cravings.\n\nTaking a good pre-natal vitamin supplement and a pure fish oil capsule may\nease some cravings and help prevent extra weight gain ... and of course\nprenatal vitamins and fish oil are often doctor recommended for the health of\nyour baby.\n\nLess well known but equally common pregnancy signs are aversions to certain\nfoods. You may find that some foods you previously enjoyed are no longer\nappetizing. One woman told us she had always liked pizza, but couldn't stand\nit at all while she was expecting. Just the smell of it made her feel nausea.\nThis problem may come and go for some women. For others it could last\nthroughout pregnancy.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #9\n\n### Sensitivity to Aromas\n\nAnother related early symptom of pregnancy is a heightened sensitivity to\naromas. Even a favorite aroma, such as the smell of a food or perfume, can\nmake you gag. The smell of fresh mowed grass, the smell of a gas station,\nsmells of various foods, household cleaners, perfumes, cigarette smoke, etc.,\ncan all cause you to feel nauseated (see nausea symptom above). This is\nthought to be yet another side effect of the estrogen that is flooding your\nbody.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #10\n\n### Morning Sickness\n\nThis pregnancy symptom is well known, and it is related to the nausea symptom.\nIt can be caused by a variety of factors. Your body is craving food and you\nhave not eaten all night so your tummy feels queasy. Your body has way more\nhormones coursing through it than normal and this can . You are sensitive to\naromas and foods, so your morning coffee may not agree with you. The usual\nbreakfast you typically have may not settle well in your stomach during this\ntime. One woman usually had a scone along with a coffee late' for breakfast,\nbut found that during pregnancy it made her feel sick. She changed to tea and\ntoast and that worked well for her. Each woman is different and will have\ndifferent foods that may or may not contribute to morning sickness.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #11\n\n### Heartburn and/or Constipation\n\nThis pregnancy symptom is caused by the uterus starting to swell and pushing\nagainst the stomach and other organs as it grows. Also, increasing levels of\nhormones may slow down digestion and bowel functions to allow the body to\nabsorb as much vitamins, minerals and nutrients as possible from foods. Taking\na quality prenatal multi-vitamin-mineral supplement is important to help your\nbody get the nutrients it needs for your growing baby.\n\nThe slower emptying of the stomach may also cause the release of increased\nstomach acid to aid digestion, leading to a feeling of heartburn. Soda\ncrackers and sparkling water can help. Smaller more frequent meals are easier\nto digest. Drink plenty of water and eat fruits, vegetables and perhaps some\nraisin and bran cereal to help regularity. Some daily vitamin formulas also\ncontain digestive enzymes (from pineapple and papaya fruits). These can help\nwith digestion.\n\nAsk your doctor before taking any kind of antacids as some contain aluminum\nand should be avoided. These two pregnancy symptoms can last throughout your\nterm.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #12\n\n### Mood Swings and Irritability\n\nWith all of these symptoms of pregnancy to deal with, along with raging\nhormones, is it any wonder you may experience some mood swings and\nirritability? There is also the emotional adjustment period to your new\nresponsibility. Your world has changed. Even when your pregnancy is carefully\nplanned, it is normal for your mind to suddenly be filled with questions about\nthe timing, your career, finances, insurance, labor and delivery, motherhood,\neven the future costs of college.\n\nIt is perfectly normal to feel mixed emotions, excitement and depression, joy\nand sorrow, laughter and tears. Your partner may be very confused by this and\nmay not seem to be supportive. Explain that your mood swings are very normal\nsigns of pregnancy and that you need support and understanding.\n\nYou are the one doing all the hard work here and it is not asking too much for\nyour partner to be patient, loving and to have plenty of hugs and kind words\nof support ready when you need them. Most fathers-to-be want very much to be\nsupportive, they just need instructions. No one has ever told them anything\nabout pregnancy symptoms. It is all a mystery to them.\n\nWe encourage you to email or print-out this early symptom of pregnancy\nchecklist so your partner can read it too.\n\nThis early symptom of pregnancy may decrease in the second trimester.\nMeanwhile get plenty of sleep, eat right, take your prenatal vitamins and fish\noil (fish oil is known as \"good mood food\") and get some moderate exercise by\ntaking short walks.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #13\n\n### Higher body temperature\n\nOne of the pregnancy symptoms that takes a while to gauge is higher than usual\nbody temperature. You may have been feeling a little bit warm lately and\nwondered if you are coming down with a cold or something. Take your\ntemperature and see if it is higher than it normally would be.\n\nIf you've been trying to conceive and hoping to get pregnant (it's a tough job\nbut somebody has to do it), your doctor may already have suggested that you\nkeep a record of your body temperature every day. If your temperature is\nhigher than usual and it stays high for two weeks in a row, something is\nobviously going on with your body. You may be pregnant (or you may have a low\ngrade fever). Prolonged periods of increased temperature are a cause to seek\nyour doctor's opinion.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #14\n\n### Low Back Pain\n\nEarly pregnancy symptoms of low back pain can be “a real pain,” literally.\nThis low back pain is caused by several factors. First is your weight change.\nYou gain some weight because you are pregnant, your uterus gets bigger, and\nyour baby grows larger every week. Next, your posture and torso are thrown out\nof alignment. This weight is mostly in the front of your torso, which pulls on\nyour back. It is like wearing a backpack on your front instead of your back.\nThis changes your posture and puts a strain on your back.\n\nLack of your typical night’s sleep is another factor. You may be laying on\nyour side and trying to get comfortable. The weight of your womb is pulling on\nyour back muscles as you lay there too. Get a maternity pillow as that can\nhelp make you more comfortable.\n\nFinally, your hormones and body changes have some effect too. Your body is\ngetting ready for birth and so some of your joints and ligaments are loosening\nup to make delivery possible. All of these changes added together can cause\nthe early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain. It is estimated that about half\nof all women will experience this pregnancy symptom.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #15\n\n### Implantation Bleeding\n\nOne of the less known pregnancy symptoms is the slight bleeding and spotting\nthat can be caused when the fertilized egg begins to implant itself into the\nuterus. This is known as \"implantation bleeding\" and it usually takes place\nbetween 3 to 6 days after fertilization.(This is earlier than I've ever read\nand it is a very recent article, not an old \"guess\".)\n\nOnce the egg becomes implanted in the uterus - congratulations, you are no\nlonger wondering about pregnancy symptoms, you are indeed pregnant. At this\npoint you might notice a little bit of red or pink spotting. Not all women\nexperience implantation bleeding so it is not considered one of the most\nobvious pregnancy signs.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #16\n\n### A Positive Pregnancy Test\n\nIf you are worrying about possible early symptoms of pregnancy, you can put\nyour mind at ease with a pregnancy test. More than just a pregnancy symptom,\nthis is scientific proof positive of whether you are expecting a baby or not.\n\nPregnancy tests work best if you wait to take them until at least a day or two\nafter you miss your period. Even if the pregnancy test result is negative you\nshould try it again a few days later to be sure. The best pregnancy tests are\nthe ones done by your doctor or medical clinic. However there are some very\nhigh quality at home tests available too.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy symptoms: #17\n\n### Bloating and Weight Gain\n\nYes some unavoidable weight gain is also a sign. Your clothes are getting\ntighter, you are feeling bloated, the weight showing on the scale is going\nup... you are getting bigger and that is simply part of being pregnant.\n\nYou want to keep your weight gain to the normal amount for a healthy\npregnancy, and not let it get out of hand to where you pack on a lot of\nunnecessary pounds that will be hard to lose later. Some tips on weight\ncontrol can be found on this Pregnancy Without Pounds page.\n\nAlso, your odd food cravings may not be as strong if you are taking your\nprenatal vitamins and fish oil capsules. The cravings may be due to your\nbody's need for special nutrition. The importance of pre-natal vitamins and\nfish oil capsules\n\nYour doctor will tell you that if you are trying to conceive, or you believe\nyou may be experiencing early pregnancy symptoms, you should be taking daily\npre-natal vitamins. Vitamin supplements offer support for women trying to\nconceive, for your health and for the health of your baby.\n\nYour body is under great nutritional demands to feed the growing little person\ninside you. For example, the March of Dimes encourages women to take a multi-\nvitamin containing folic acid, (a B vitamin).\n\nFolic acid can help prevent birth defects. Help your body and your baby's body\nget the nutrition it needs. Take a quality pre-natal vitamin with folic acid\njust as soon as you notice the first common early pregnancy sign.\n\nMany pregnant women are now also taking a high quality pharmaceutical grade\npure fish oil supplement. This gives you the important nutrients of DHA and\nomega-3 for healthy babies.\n\nIt has been shown in clinical studies that diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids\nfrom fish oil which provides DHA, will help to provide nutritional support to\na baby's visual, nerve and brain function.\n\nFish oil capsules vary in quality. Distilled pharmaceutical grade fish oil is\nthought by many to be the very best quality. Don't take any chances on the\nquality of some \"mystery fish\" oil ... the very best kind we've ever found in\nour endless research is this amazing best quality fish oil\n\nWarning: Your doctor will probably tell you, do not take flaxseed oil during\npregnancy. Don't try to get omega-3 that way. Get it from fish oil instead.\nFlaxseed oil can have an effect upon estrogen and hormones, like soy can. It\nis for postmenopausal women, not pregnant women!\n\nRead our information about flaxseed oil and pregnancy before taking any flax\nseed oil.\n\nTalk to your doctor. Be very careful to avoid most herbs and supplements when\npregnant or nursing. Most Moms only take prenatal supplements and the best\nquality fish oil pills. Always get the advice and approval of your doctor\nbefore taking any supplement during pregnancy, breastfeeding or when\nexperiencing pregnancy symptoms.\n\nhttp://www.womens-health-questions.com/pregnancysymptoms.html\n\nOriginal poster's comments (3)\n\n## comments (169)\n\n * mommabex\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nThank you so much!!!! Now i don't feel to crazy even though i may be overly\nscrutenizing my \"symptoms\".\n\nSee all replies (1)\n\n * t\n\ntkjknkk2007 · Original Poster\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nI couldn't sleep last night so I did a lot of reading and several sites made\nthe statement that with a second (or third, etc) pregnancy you are much more\nin tune with your body and you may even have signs of queasiness/nausea as\nsoon as 24 hours after fertilization. Good to know.\n\nSee all replies (1)\n\n * mommabex\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nvery good to know!!!! that is the one thing since O that has not gone away! I\nam hopefull. Still remaining sceptical of a bfp though!\n\n * RASL30\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nOoo, thanks!\n\nI was one that had quiziness early on, I think at about 6&7dpo w/ DS.\n\n * t\n\ntkjknkk2007 · Original Poster\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nI've felt like puking for two days...we'll see.\n\n * RASL30\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nKMFX!!!!!!!\n\n * mommabex\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nMe too! I comes in waves, KMFX we can test soon (for real this time)\n\n * s\n\nsimmons_family\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nTara - great info! I just wish it said on each symptom when it typically\noccurs. I know all women are different but just an idea of when \"most\" women\nstart experiencing each symptom would be great. I know some of them stated\nabout when but not all. What I really need is to stop analyzing every little\nthing 24/7! Ahhhh, I'm driving myself crazy\n\n * c\n\nchrissie_emm\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nOh no. I've been taking a Triple Omega for like a month - with flaxseed in\naddition to fish & safflower oils. Uggg!!!!!\n\nThx for the info\n\n * b\n\nbecky-esq\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nI have one to add, and I do not recall seeing this on any of the early\npregnancy symptom lists I have read online.\n\nThe first symptom I had when I was pregnant for LO was forgetfulness. I'd be\nthinking about something in particular, but the thought would just slip away.\nIt happened quite a lot.\n\nThe other early symptoms I experienced were increased thirst and occasional\ndizziness.\n\nSee all replies (1)\n\nMore posts in \"Actively TTC #2 - \"The Good Luck Group\"\" group\n\nCreate post in \"Actively TTC #2 - \"The Good Luck Group\"\" group\n\nGet the BabyCenter app\n\nThe #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth.\n\n### BABYCENTER IS YOUR PARENTING PARTNER.\n\nBabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy\npregnancy and parenting information in the world. Our content is doctor\napproved and evidence based, and our community is moderated, lively, and\nwelcoming. With thousands of award-winning articles and community groups, you\ncan track your pregnancy and baby's growth, get answers to your toughest\nquestions, and connect with moms, dads, and expectant parents just like you.\n\n### ABOUT BABYCENTER\n\n * About us\n * Awards\n * Careers\n * Advertise with us\n * Press Center\n * Mission Motherhood\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Accessibility\n * Ad Choices\n\n * Do not sell my personal information\n * Freebies & Deals\n * Popular topics\n * Help Center\n * Contact Us\n * Community Guidelines\n * Email Subscriptions\n * Account Details\n * Family Information\n\n### OTHER SITES\n\n * Pregnancy.com\n * BabyCenter en Español\n * Arabia\n * Australia\n * Brazil\n * Canada\n * France\n * Germany\n\n * India\n * Malaysia\n * UK\n\nCONNECT WITH US\n\nCopyright© 1997-2021 BabyCenter, LLC. All rights reserved. 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Use of this site is subject to our\nTerms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/symptoms-of-pregnancy/art-20043853","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211017054706/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/symptoms-of-pregnancy/art-20043853","parsed_text":{"title":"Symptoms of pregnancy: What happens first","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Symptoms of pregnancy: What happens first - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20140826035852/http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Early Signs of Pregnancy","passages":["Pregnancy symptoms differ from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy; however, one of the most significant pregnancy symptoms is a delayed or missed period. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pregnancy is important because each symptom may be related to something other than pregnancy. You may experience signs or symptoms of pregnancy within a week of conception. However, it is possible you may not experience any symptoms for a few weeks.","Symptoms to watch for early on include a missed period, headaches, tender breasts, nausea and lower backaches. If you have been sexually active and are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to take a pregnancy test. Are you experiencing morning sickness or could it be something else?","If you are using the Search Tool to find a free testing provider, use the drop down to choose “Pregnancy Center,” add your zip code, and then expand the radius to 30 miles and click “Search.”","Implantation bleeding can be one of the earliest pregnancy symptoms. About 6-12 days after conception, the embryo implants itself into the uterine wall. Some women will experience spotting as well as some cramping. Some women do not even notice this so don’t worry if you are trying to get pregnant and don’t see it – you could still be pregnant.","A delayed or missed period is the most common pregnancy symptom leading a woman to test for pregnancy. When you become pregnant, your next period should be missed. However, some women can bleed while they are pregnant, but typically this bleeding will be shorter or lighter than a normal period.","Other Explanations: Excessive weight gain/loss, fatigue, hormonal problems, tension, stress, ceasing to take the birth control pill, illness or breastfeeding.","Swollen or tender breasts is a pregnancy symptom which may begin as early as 1-2 weeks after conception. Women may notice changes in their breasts; they may be tender to the touch, sore, or swollen.","Other Explanations: Hormonal imbalance, birth control pills, impending menstruation (PMS) can also cause your breasts to be swollen or tender.","Feeling fatigued or more tired is a pregnancy symptom which can also start as early as the first week after conception.","Other Explanations: Stress, exhaustion, depression, common cold or flu, or other illnesses can also leave you feeling tired or fatigued.","This well known pregnancy symptom will often show up between 2-8 weeks after conception. Some women are fortunate to not deal with morning sickness at all, while others will feel nauseous throughout most of their pregnancy. If you are experiencing morning sickness at all, take a look at our articles on morning sickness to learn how to manage it better.","Other Explanations: Food poisoning, stress, change in hormonal birth control method or other stomach disorders can also cause you to feel queasy.","Lower backaches may be a symptom that occurs early in pregnancy; however, it is common to experience a dull backache throughout pregnancy.","Other Explanations: Dehydration, caffeine withdrawal, impending menstruation, eye strain, or other ailments can be the source of frequent or chronic headaches.","While you may not have a strong desire to eat pickles and ice cream, many women will feel cravings for certain foods when they are pregnant. This can last throughout your entire pregnancy. Some women develop adversions to certain types of food early in pregnancy and this too can last for the next 9 months.","The Association is only able to accomplish our mission with the commitment of people like you. Your tax deductible contribution provides valuable education and more importantly support to women when they need it most."]},"parsed_md":"Pregnancy Symptoms | Early Signs of Pregnancy\n\nAmerican Pregnancy Association\n\nFollow Your Pregnancy Week-By-Week Subscribe to our free week-by-week email\nnewsletter\n\nEnroll Now\n\n# Pregnancy Symptoms — Early Signs of Pregnancy\n\nHome / Getting Pregnant / Pregnancy Symptoms — Early Signs of Pregnancy\n\nPregnancy symptoms differ from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy;\nhowever, one of the most significant pregnancy symptoms is a delayed or missed\nperiod. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pregnancy is important because\neach symptom may be related to something other than pregnancy. You may\nexperience signs or symptoms of pregnancy within a week of conception.\nHowever, it is possible you may not experience any symptoms for a few weeks.\n\n## What are Early Pregnancy Symptoms to Watch For?\n\nSymptoms to watch for early on include a missed period, headaches, tender\nbreasts, nausea and lower backaches. If you have been sexually active and are\nexperiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to take a pregnancy test.\nAre you experiencing morning sickness or could it be something else?\n\nHere are some quick references to some common questions or concerns:\n\n * Unplanned and need testing? Find a Pregnancy Test Center by zip code\n * Trying to get pregnant? Download the FREE Getting Pregnant eBook or check out our Fertility Shop.\n * Questions about Paternity? Call 1-800-798-0580\n * Questions about symptoms and what ifs? Call 1-800-672-2296 M-F 8am-7pm\n\nIf you are using the Search Tool to find a free testing provider, use the drop\ndown to choose “Pregnancy Center,” add your zip code, and then expand the\nradius to 30 miles and click “Search.”\n\nTrying to get pregnant? Get APA’s “Essential Guide to Getting Pregnant”\n\n## First Sign of Pregnancy: Spotting\n\nImplantation bleeding can be one of the earliest pregnancy symptoms. About\n6-12 days after conception, the embryo implants itself into the uterine wall.\nSome women will experience spotting as well as some cramping. Some women do\nnot even notice this so don’t worry if you are trying to get pregnant and\ndon’t see it – you could still be pregnant.\n\nOther Explanations: Actual menstruation, altered menstruation, changes in\nbirth control pill, infection, or abrasion from intercourse.\n\n## First Sign of Pregnancy: A Missed Period\n\nA delayed or missed period is the most common pregnancy symptom leading a\nwoman to test for pregnancy. When you become pregnant, your next period should\nbe missed. However, some women can bleed while they are pregnant, but\ntypically this bleeding will be shorter or lighter than a normal period.\n\nOther Explanations: Excessive weight gain/loss, fatigue, hormonal problems,\ntension, stress, ceasing to take the birth control pill, illness or\nbreastfeeding.\n\n## Swollen/Tender Breasts:\n\nSwollen or tender breasts is a pregnancy symptom which may begin as early as\n1-2 weeks after conception. Women may notice changes in their breasts; they\nmay be tender to the touch, sore, or swollen.\n\nOther Explanations: Hormonal imbalance, birth control pills, impending\nmenstruation (PMS) can also cause your breasts to be swollen or tender.\n\n## Fatigue/Tiredness:\n\nFeeling fatigued or more tired is a pregnancy symptom which can also start as\nearly as the first week after conception.\n\nOther Explanations: Stress, exhaustion, depression, common cold or flu, or\nother illnesses can also leave you feeling tired or fatigued.\n\n## Nausea/Morning Sickness:\n\nThis well known pregnancy symptom will often show up between 2-8 weeks after\nconception. Some women are fortunate to not deal with morning sickness at all,\nwhile others will feel nauseous throughout most of their pregnancy. If you are\nexperiencing morning sickness at all, take a look at our articles on morning\nsickness to learn how to manage it better.\n\nOther Explanations: Food poisoning, stress, change in hormonal birth control\nmethod or other stomach disorders can also cause you to feel queasy.\n\n## Backaches:\n\nLower backaches may be a symptom that occurs early in pregnancy; however, it\nis common to experience a dull backache throughout pregnancy.\n\nOther Explanations: Impending menstruation, stress, other back problems, and\nphysical or mental strains.\n\n## Headaches:\n\nThe sudden rise of hormones in your body can cause you to have headaches early\nin pregnancy.\n\nOther Explanations: Dehydration, caffeine withdrawal, impending menstruation,\neye strain, or other ailments can be the source of frequent or chronic\nheadaches.\n\n## Frequent Urination:\n\nAround 6-8 weeks after conception, you may find yourself making a few extra\ntrips to the bathroom.\n\nOther Explanations: Urinary tract infection, diabetes, increasing liquid\nintake, or taking excessive diuretics.\n\n## Darkening of Areolas:\n\nIf you are pregnant, the skin around your nipples may get darker.\n\nOther Explanations: Hormonal imbalance unrelated to pregnancy or may be a\nleftover effect from a previous pregnancy.\n\n## Food Cravings or Food Aversions:\n\nWhile you may not have a strong desire to eat pickles and ice cream, many\nwomen will feel cravings for certain foods when they are pregnant. This can\nlast throughout your entire pregnancy. Some women develop adversions to\ncertain types of food early in pregnancy and this too can last for the next 9\nmonths.\n\nOther Explanations: Poor diet, lack of a certain nutrient, stress, depression,\nillness or impending menstruation.\n\n## Your Next Steps:\n\n * Having symptoms? Call our toll-free helpline at 1-800-672-2296.\n * Questions about paternity? Call for free paternity info at 1-800-798-0580.\n * Trying to conceive? Order Fertility Products.\n\n## Recommended Reading\n\nTrying to get pregnant? Download the APA’s e-Book, The Essential Guide to\nGetting Pregnant\n\nYou may also find the following books helpful.\n\n Taking Charge of Your Fertility\n Toni Weschler\n\n The Everything Getting Pregnant Book\n Robin Elise Weiss\n\n The Complete Book of Pregnancy and Childbirth (Revised)\n Sheila Kitzinger\n\nYour purchase supports the Association\n\n### Most Related Posts\n\n * Cervical Mucus and Your Fertility\n * Taking a Pregnancy Test\n * Preconception Nutrition\n\nTags: Conceiving\n\nFind Healthcare Providers That Can Help You Through Your Pregnancy.\n\n#### Pregnancy Blog Latest Blogs\n\n * No Prenatal Section! What’s a Mama-to-be To do?\n * Pampering During Pregnancy\n * Prenatal Massage: Relaxation and Relief!\n * Having fun with your wardrode while pregnant\n * Patience is Key! (When Trying to Conceive)\n * Internet: Friend or Foe?\n * Taking Your Prenatal After Birth\n * Vitamins and Nausea\n * 5 Free Summer Activities For The Entire Family\n * 5 Ways To Sneak Fruits And Veggies Into Your Kids’ Meals\n\nThe Association is only able to accomplish our mission with the commitment of\npeople like you. Your tax deductible contribution provides valuable education\nand more importantly support to women when they need it most.\n\nLearn More About APA\n\n### Education Sponsored By\n\n#### Helpful Information\n\n * About\n * Contact\n * Corporate Sponsors\n * Videos\n\n#### Planning\n\n * Adoption\n * Birth & Beyond\n * Getting Pregnant\n * Labor and Birth\n\n#### Pregnancy\n\n * Planning and Preparing\n * Getting Pregnant\n * Pregnancy Concerns\n * Your Pregnancy\n\n#### Connect\n\nContact Us Here\n\n© 2014 American Pregnancy Association. Web Design by AXZM\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211013235451/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940","parsed_text":{"title":"Home pregnancy tests: Can you trust the results?","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Home pregnancy tests: Can you trust the results? - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170131003006/http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Pregnancy Symptoms","passages":["For most women, missing a period is one of the first signs of pregnancy that women notice. For others, irregular periods make it difficult to know when a period should start and when it has been missed. There are, however, a number of early signs that can signal the need for a pregnancy test or a visit to the doctor.","Most women begin wondering about pregnancy when they have missed their period. However, a number of women have irregular periods or do not keep track of their periods. For these women, some of the other symptoms may signal a pregnancy. Some women may experience spotting (explained below) or light bleeding, and mistakenly think they have gotten a lighter than normal period.","Initially, women may have a soreness or tenderness in their breasts similar to the feeling before they get their period and as days go on, the feeling increases. This can begin as early as when someone is one to two weeks pregnant. For some, this can be painful or uncomfortable, for others it may seem more like an exaggerated form of PMS.","Feeling very tired for the first couple months of pregnancy is common. For some women, exhaustion or fatigue can begin as early as one week pregnant. This is thought to be caused by increased levels of progesterone. Fatigue often goes away after the first trimester (but may return again late in the pregnancy).","Morning sickness can begin when a woman is between two and four weeks pregnant. Some women never get morning sickness or only feel slightly nauseas. Morning sickness can last through the first trimester of pregnancy and then normally goes away. Although called “morning sickness” this nauseousness is not limited to just mornings and can occur throughout the day or night. In addition to nauseousness, some woman may develop an aversion to certain smells or feel sick around strong smells. This may be caused by the increase in estrogen causing the stomach to empty more slowly.","At about six weeks into a pregnancy, the frequency of urination usually increases. During pregnancy, a woman has a build up of fluids in her body. This increase in fluids causes extra fluids to be processed by the kidneys and go into the bladder. In addition to extra fluids, a growing uterus can put pressure on your bladder, making you continuously feel as if you need to urinate, however, this cause occurs later in the pregnancy.","Some women experience bloating and fluid retention, similar to how they feel shortly before getting their period. This is normal and can begin quite early in pregnancy. Abdominal bloating can make clothing feel tight, but is not caused by weight gain or by the uterus growing. Weight gain in the early stages of pregnancy is typically around 1 pound per month.","Some women experience spotting within the first one to two weeks of pregnancy. This occurs when the embryo implants itself onto the wall of the uterus. This is sometimes called Implantation Bleeding. Some women may also experience cramping and feel as if they are ready to get their period.","If you are experiencing some of the early symptoms of pregnancy, it may be time to take a home pregnancy test or call to set up an appointment with your doctor.","By using this service, you accept our Terms of Use. Please read them. The consumer health information on is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment for any medical conditions. You should promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about your health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a fitness regimen. Copyright © 2017 Remedy Health Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved."]},"parsed_md":"Pregnancy Symptoms\n\nproduction\n\nSign In\n\nShare on youTube Newsletters Share on Twitter Share on Facebook follow us\n\n * Conditions A-Z\n\nRelated To...\n\n * Sexual Health\n * Depression\n * Diet & Exercise\n * Erectile Dysfunction\n * Genital Herpes\n * Incontinence\n\nOther Conditions\n\n * Acid Reflux\n * ADHD\n * Allergy\n * Alzheimer's\n * Anxiety\n * Asthma\n * Autism\n * Bipolar\n * Breast Cancer\n * Cholesterol\n * Chronic Pain\n * Colon Cancer\n * COPD\n * Diabetes\n * Digestive Health\n * Heart Disease\n * Hepatitis C\n * High Blood Pressure\n * Lung Cancer\n * Menopause\n * Migraine\n * More Conditions\n * Multiple Sclerosis\n * Obesity\n * Osteoarthritis\n * Osteoporosis\n * Prostate\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis\n * Schizophrenia\n * Skin Cancer\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Vision Care\n\nHealthy Living\n\n * Cold & Flu\n * Food & Nutrition\n * Skin Care\n * Wellness\n\n * Our Community\n\n * Meet Our Experts\n * See All SharePosts\n * See All Questions\n * Join Our Community\n * Ask A Question\n * Share Your Story\n\n * Health Tools\n\n * Newsletters\n * Healthy Recipes\n * Calculate Your BMI\n * Your Ideal Body Weight\n * Stress Test\n * Sleep Assessment\n * Home Body Fat Test\n * Recommended Daily Calories\n * Check Your Cholesterol\n\n * Sexual Health\n\n * * A\n\n * A\n\n * A\n\n# Pregnancy Symptoms\n\n## By Eileen Bailey\n\nFor most women, missing a period is one of the first signs of pregnancy that\nwomen notice. For others, irregular periods make it difficult to know when a\nperiod should start and when it has been missed. There are, however, a number\nof early signs that can signal the need for a pregnancy test or a visit to the\ndoctor.\n\n# Missed period\n\nMost women begin wondering about pregnancy when they have missed their period.\nHowever, a number of women have irregular periods or do not keep track of\ntheir periods. For these women, some of the other symptoms may signal a\npregnancy. Some women may experience spotting (explained below) or light\nbleeding, and mistakenly think they have gotten a lighter than normal period.\n\n# Sore, swollen or tender breasts\n\nInitially, women may have a soreness or tenderness in their breasts similar to\nthe feeling before they get their period and as days go on, the feeling\nincreases. This can begin as early as when someone is one to two weeks\npregnant. For some, this can be painful or uncomfortable, for others it may\nseem more like an exaggerated form of PMS.\n\n# Fatigue\n\nFeeling very tired for the first couple months of pregnancy is common. For\nsome women, exhaustion or fatigue can begin as early as one week pregnant.\nThis is thought to be caused by increased levels of progesterone. Fatigue\noften goes away after the first trimester (but may return again late in the\npregnancy).\n\n# Nausea or vomiting\n\nMorning sickness can begin when a woman is between two and four weeks\npregnant. Some women never get morning sickness or only feel slightly nauseas.\nMorning sickness can last through the first trimester of pregnancy and then\nnormally goes away. Although called “morning sickness” this nauseousness is\nnot limited to just mornings and can occur throughout the day or night. In\naddition to nauseousness, some woman may develop an aversion to certain smells\nor feel sick around strong smells. This may be caused by the increase in\nestrogen causing the stomach to empty more slowly.\n\n# Frequent urination\n\nAt about six weeks into a pregnancy, the frequency of urination usually\nincreases. During pregnancy, a woman has a build up of fluids in her body.\nThis increase in fluids causes extra fluids to be processed by the kidneys and\ngo into the bladder. In addition to extra fluids, a growing uterus can put\npressure on your bladder, making you continuously feel as if you need to\nurinate, however, this cause occurs later in the pregnancy.\n\n# Abdominal bloating\n\nSome women experience bloating and fluid retention, similar to how they feel\nshortly before getting their period. This is normal and can begin quite early\nin pregnancy. Abdominal bloating can make clothing feel tight, but is not\ncaused by weight gain or by the uterus growing. Weight gain in the early\nstages of pregnancy is typically around 1 pound per month.\n\n# Spotting\n\nSome women experience spotting within the first one to two weeks of pregnancy.\nThis occurs when the embryo implants itself onto the wall of the uterus. This\nis sometimes called Implantation Bleeding. Some women may also experience\ncramping and feel as if they are ready to get their period.\n\n# Headaches or Backaches\n\nIncreased hormones can sometimes cause headaches. Backaches are also common in\nthe early part of pregnancy.\n\nIf you are experiencing some of the early symptoms of pregnancy, it may be\ntime to take a home pregnancy test or call to set up an appointment with your\ndoctor.\n\nReferences:\n\n“Early Signs of Pregnancy”, 2005, American Pregnancy Association\n\n‘Pregnancy Symptoms: Top Ten Signs You Might Be Pregnant”, 2006, Baby\nCenter.com\n\n“Pregnancy Symptoms”, 2008, Melissa Conrad Stoppler, M.D. Medicinenet.com\n\nMost Viewed\n\n * Multiple Orgasms\n * Pregnancy Prevention Center\n * Sex Tips & Advice\n * All Questions\n * Vagina Lumps & Bumps: What are they?\n\nRelated Sexual Health Topics\n\n * Cure For Itching Flaking Testicles\n * I Have A Sore In My Vagina - What's Wrong With Me?\n * Stomach Pains Before Period\n * How Early Can Your Pms Symptoms Start?\n * What Would Cause Your Lower Abdominal Pain After Sex?\n * Can The Receiver Of Oral Sex Catch A Std?\n\n#### Ask a Question\n\nGet answers from our experts and community members.\n\nView all questions (6375) >\n\nNote: All clinical content on this site is physician-reviewed, except material\ngenerated by our community members.\n\nFeaturing Content From:\n\n * We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.\n\n * About Us |\n * Contact Us |\n * Privacy Policy |\n * Terms of Use |\n * Security Policy |\n * Advertising Policy |\n * Advertise With Us\n\nBy using this service, you accept our Terms of Use. Please read them. The\nconsumer health information on is for informational purposes only and is not a\nsubstitute for medical advice or treatment for any medical conditions. You\nshould promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about\nyour health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a\nfitness regimen. Copyright © 2017 Remedy Health Media, LLC. All Rights\nReserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160831105802/http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Error 404 Page not found","passages":["If you came from a website outside womenshealth.gov, let that website know their link is broken. Sorry, we can't fix broken links outside our website.","A federal government website managed by the Office on Women’s Health in the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services","200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20201 800-994-9662 • Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. EST (closed on federal holidays)."]},"parsed_md":"Error 404 Page not found | womenshealth.gov\n\nA project of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office on\nWomen's Health\n\nSkip Navigation\n\nSkip top navigation\n\n * Home\n * A-Z Health Topics\n * ePublications\n * News\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n\n * Text size\n * |Print|\n\nSkip left navigation\n\nSkip left navigation\n\n# Error 404 Page not found\n\n## It looks like you tried to access a page that no longer exists or has an\nerror. Try these tips to find what you're looking for:\n\n * If you came to this page from a link on womenshealth.gov, let us know, and we'll fix the link.\n\n * Use the search box at the top of this page to locate the page you're looking for.\n * If you were using a bookmark, reset it once you find the correct page.\n * If you came from a website outside womenshealth.gov, let that website know their link is broken. Sorry, we can't fix broken links outside our website.\n\nContent last updated: February 16, 2012.\n\nPrint\n\nReturn to top\n\n * Accessibility |\n * Privacy policy |\n * Disclaimers |\n * FOIA |\n * Link to us |\n * USA.gov |\n * Viewers and players\n\nA federal government website managed by the Office on Women’s Health in the\nOffice of the Assistant Secretary for Health at the U.S. Department of Health\nand Human Services\n\n200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20201 800-994-9662 • Monday\nthrough Friday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. EST (closed on federal holidays).\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200423223037/https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Signs & Symptoms: Preeclampsia Foundation\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Pregnancy is a confusing time. Your body is going through a lot of changes and it can be hard to tell what's normal and what's a red flag. Learning more about the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy can help you identify a problem early and ensure the best possible outcome.\",\n \"Some characteristics of preeclampsia are signs that can be measured, but may not be apparent to you, such as high blood pressure. A symptom is something you may experience and recognize, such as a headache or loss of vision.\",\n \"Preeclampsia is a serious condition of pregnancy, and can be particularly dangerous because many of the signs are silent while some symptoms resemble “normal” effects of pregnancy on your body. Many women suffering from preeclampsia don’t feel sick, and may be surprised or become frustrated when they are admitted to the hospital or prescribed bed rest since they still feel well.\",\n \"High blood pressure is an important sign of preeclampsia. The disease is sometimes referred to as a silent killer because most people can’t “feel” their blood pressure going up. As a result, patient awareness of the warning signs is one of the most important tools we have to successfully help women receive the care they need. We encourage you to familiarize yourself with signs and symptoms included here to empower yourself and/or others during pregnancy.\",\n \"Proper prenatal care is essential so don’t miss your appointments. Weighing in, checking your blood pressure and testing your urine for protein, each important for detecting preeclampsia, should take place at every prenatal visit. Do not be afraid to question your caregiver if any of these tests are omitted.\",\n \"A good prenatal diet full of vitamins, minerals and the basic food groups are important for any pregnancy, as is reducing consumption of processed foods, refined sugars and caffeine. Eliminating alcohol and any medication not prescribed by a physician is essential. Report all medications prescribed by other doctors to your prenatal care provider so that these products can be checked regarding their safe use during pregnancy. Speak with your health care professional before taking any nutritional supplement – herbal or otherwise. Although there is no evidence that these healthy behaviors and choices impact preeclampsia, they do optimize your health for the best pregnancy possible.\",\n \"High blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the biggest red flags that preeclampsia may be developing. And even if it's not a symptom of preeclampsia, it can still be a sign of a problem.\",\n \"High blood pressure is traditionally defined as blood pressure of 140/90 or greater, measured on two separate occasions at least four hours apart. During pregnancy, a rise in the lower number (diastolic) of 15 degrees or more, or a rise in the upper number (systolic) of 30 degrees or more can also be a cause for concern.\",\n \"Know your blood pressure prior to pregnancy, especially if it's normally considered low. Ask, \\\"What is my blood pressure?\\\" during each prenatal visit with your healthcare provider.\",\n \"Keep a log of your blood pressure, taken at the same time each day and in the same position. Share your log with your healthcare provider at each visit and notify her immediately if you find any significant rise between visits.\",\n \"You can buy your own blood pressure monitor at most pharmacies, and some of these stores have a monitor available for your use, though they aren't always reliable. If you own your own monitor, have it calibrated with those used in your provider’s office.\",\n \"For accuracy, blood pressure readings should be taken in the sitting position, with the cuff positioned on the left arm at the level of the heart. (\\\"Your Blood Pressure: Know the Basics\\\")\",\n \"Please note that home monitors are not always as accurate as those used in clinics or hospitals. Home readings should never replace prenatal visits, nor should a \\\"normal\\\" reading mean you can ignore other symptoms of preeclampsia.\",\n \"Some healthcare providers will recommend bed rest for you, even though evidence has not shown it to make a difference in outcomes. Some believe this helps limit potential stressors that could contribute to elevated blood pressures. During late pregnancy, you may be advised to lie on your left side to prevent restriction on certain veins which could also contribute to elevated blood pressure. Healthcare providers do not always agree on the benefits of lying on your side, but there is no evidence of harm.\",\n \"Proteinuria, another sign of preeclampsia, is the result of proteins, normally confined to the blood by the filtering role of your kidney, spilling into your urine. This is because preeclampsia temporarily damages this “filter.” Albumin, as well as many other proteins, are lost this way.\",\n \"A simple dipstick test of your urine at each prenatal check-up can screen for proteinuria, though other methods may be used in clinics and medical offices such as a Protein:Creatinine Ratio (PCR) or a timed urine collection.\",\n \"During each prenatal visit, ask your health care provider for the results of your urine test. A nurse will have dipped a reagent strip into a sample of your urine. A reading of trace protein is relatively common and is usually not a cause for concern. However, if the reading is 1+ or greater, it may signify the onset of preeclampsia, even if your blood pressure is below 140/90. If you are concerned, or have had preeclampsia before, you can buy reagent strips at some pharmacies or online. Should you record a reading of 2+ or greater at home, call your healthcare provider that very same day.\",\n \"Sometimes healthcare providers will have you collect your urine for 12 or 24 hours to determine the exact quantity of protein in the urine. While this is not a particularly convenient task, be sure to follow your provider’s directions and make every effort to be accurate. In a 24 hour collection, proteinuria is diagnosed when there is at least 300 mg/24h though an amount close to that might be equally concerning. In the case of a protein-creatinine ratio (another way to measure proteinuria), 0.3 generally corresponds to 300 mg in a 24-hour collection.\",\n \"A certain amount of swelling is normal during pregnancy. Unless you're one of a lucky few, you may notice a little extra puffiness in your feet (good luck fitting into your pre-pregnancy shoes!). Edema, on the other hand, is the accumulation of excess fluid, and can be a concern when it occurs in your face, around your eyes, or in your hands.\",\n \"If you think your face is getting excessively puffy, find a picture of yourself from just before pregnancy to share with your healthcare provider. If the swelling in your hands and feet becomes severe, you may notice “pitting edema” (when you press your thumb into your skin, an indentation remains for a few seconds) or discoloration of your legs. If you suspect this kind of edema, notify your healthcare provider. You should also put your feet up every day, but avoid sitting for extended periods of time.\",\n \"If you have tried taking over-the-counter medication without relief, if the headache is very painful, you have light sensitivity, or if your headache is accompanied by vision changes (please read the section below on \\\"Changes in Vision\\\") call your provider immediately and ask to see him/her that day.\",\n \"Nausea or vomiting is particularly significant when the onset is sudden and after mid-pregnancy. “Morning sickness” should disappear after the first trimester and the sudden appearance of nausea and vomiting after mid pregnancy may be linked to preeclampsia.\",\n \"Call your care provider. Nausea or vomiting can be confused with the flu or gallbladder problems, so insist on getting your blood pressure checked and checking your urine for proteinuria.\",\n \"This type of abdominal pain, often called epigastric pain or upper right quadrant (URQ) pain, is usually under the ribs on the right side. It can be confused with heartburn, gallbladder problems, flu, indigestion or pain from the baby kicking. Shoulder pain is often called “referred pain” because it radiates from the liver under the right ribs. Lower back pain is different from muscle strain common to pregnancy, because it is usually more acute and specific. Shoulder pain can feel like someone is deeply pinching you along the bra strap or on your neck, or it can be painful to lie on your right side. All of these pain symptoms may be a sign of HELLP Syndrome or a related problem in the liver.\",\n \"Pain in this area should be taken very seriously; do not dismiss it and go to bed. Call your health professional immediately.\",\n \"Lower back pain is a very common complaint of pregnancy. However, sometimes it may indicate a problem with the liver, especially if it accompanies other symptoms of preeclampsia.\",\n \"Read also Stomach and Right Shoulder Pain (above) and mention this symptom to your health care provider. If this pain accompanies one or more of the other symptoms, you should call your health care provider immediately.\",\n \"Weight gain of more than 3-5 pounds in a week may be an indicator of preeclampsia. Damaged blood vessels allow more water to leak into and stay in your body's tissue and not to pass through the kidneys to be excreted.\",\n \"Do not try to lose weight during pregnancy by restricting your diet. Eating a healthy, balanced diet, including fresh raw fruit and vegetables, your prenatal vitamin, and a folic acid supplement is important for all pregnancies. Avoid excessive salt. Prior to getting pregnant, achieve a healthy weight (a BMI of 30 or less) since obesity has been shown to increase the chances of getting preeclampsia.\",\n \"Given that preeclampsia is a complex disease, women will develop it for different reasons. A healthy, balanced diet and optimal weight may make a significant difference for some women. However, we urge caution when considering diets designed for weight-loss or claiming to prevent preeclampsia that encourage large amounts of protein. Excessive dietary protein may cause problems in women with underlying kidney disease.\",\n \"Be sure to drink sufficient amounts of fluid, usually dictated by your normal thirst sensations, and to perform moderate amounts of exercise regularly. During your prenatal visits do not attempt to disguise weight gain by skipping breakfast, using diet pills or fasting for the day. An accurate weight is vital for a proper diagnosis.\",\n \"The Preeclampsia Foundation recognizes the importance of a good diet, however we do not recommend any particular diet or juice product.\",\n \"Vision changes are one of the most serious symptoms of preeclampsia. They may be associated with central nervous system irritation or be an indication of swelling of the brain (cerebral edema).\",\n \"If you experience any of these changes in vision, you should contact your healthcare provider immediately or go directly to the hospital. These symptoms are very serious and should not be left unattended, even until the next morning.\",\n \"Hyperreflexia is when your reflexes are so strong that when your knee is tapped by a rubber “hammer,” your leg bounces back hard. Hyperreflexia is generally caused by an overreaction of the involuntary nervous system to stimulation.\",\n \"This sign is generally measured by a healthcare provider and otherwise difficult for you to observe yourself. Like headache and visual changes, hyperreflexia may indicate changes in your nervous system. Your healthcare provider will let you know if he/she is concerned and whether it is an indication, along with other signs and symptoms, that you should go to the hospital.\",\n \"If you are under treatment with magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures, your healthcare provider may also test your reflexes to monitor for the need to start, adjust or stop the magnesium treatment. An overdose of magnesium sulfate may suppress or excessively slow your reflexes.\",\n \"Shortness of breath, a racing pulse, mental confusion, a heightened sense of anxiety, and a sense of impending doom can be symptoms of preeclampsia. If these symptoms are new to you, they could indicate an elevated blood pressure, or more rarely, fluid collecting in your lungs (pulmonary edema).\",\n \"Contact your healthcare provider immediately if these symptoms are new. If you've experienced these conditions before pregnancy, be sure to mention them to your care provider during your next visit so they can be monitoried throughout your pregnancy.\",\n \"During pregnancy, it's important to listen to your gut. If something doesn't feel right, trust your instincts and call your healthcare provider. Never be afraid to call and discuss anything unusual. A good healthcare provider will never be too busy to address your concerns. The worst outcomes of preeclampsia can be avoided by early recognition.\",\n \"Normal web site usage The Preeclampsia Foundation has a firm commitment to Internet privacy. You can visit most portions of preeclampsia.org without telling us who you are and without revealing any personal information. The only information we collect from a normal web site visit is the name of your Internet Service Provider, the browser and type of machine you are using, the web site that referred you to us, the pages you request and the date and time you request them. We use this information to generate statistics and measure site activity to improve the usefulness of the site to our visitors.\",\n \"Currently we are using Google Analytics to analyze the audience of the website and improve our content. No personal information is collected from Google Analytics. For further information on the privacy policy concerning Google Analytics, please go here, https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/6004245?hl=en \\\"\",\n \"Collection of personally identifiable information The Preeclampsia Foundation may collect names, email addresses and other personally identifiable data about visitors when such data is voluntarily submitted to preeclampsia.org. For example, our site uses forms for visitors to register or make a donation online. Contact information from these forms is used to send information about preeclampsia or Foundation activity to our visitors. Financial information is used to bill or provide receipts to visitors in connection with their donations. To ensure the security of credit card and personal information, this Web site employs industry-standard security methods, including the Secure Socket Layers (SSL) protocol for the encryption of transmitted data. The Preeclampsia Foundation goes to great lengths to protect the confidentiality and integrity of any personal information you share with us over the Internet. In instances where we may partner with medical organizations to conduct research on preeclampsia, your participation may be expressly requested, but your permission would be required prior to sharing personally identifiable data with authorized medical organizations.\",\n \"The Preeclampsia Foundation makes every effort to ensure the secure collection and transmission of sensitive user information using industry accepted data collection and encryption methodologies.\",\n \"Donor Privacy Policy We will not sell, share or trade our donors' names or personal information with any other entity, nor send mailings to our donors on behalf of other organizations. This policy applies to all information received by the Preeclampsia Foundation both online and offline, on any Platform (\\\"Platform\\\", includes all Preeclampsia Foundations owned websites and mobile applications), as well as any electronic, written, or oral communications. To the extent any donations are processed through a third-party service provider, our donors’ information will only be used for purposes necessary to process the donation.\",\n \"Cookies We do not use cookies on the majority of our website pages. The donate pages do use \\\"per session\\\" cookies. Per session cookies last only for the life of your current browser load and use no permanent storage on your hard drive. The use of per session cookies is very common in modern Web sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Signs & Symptoms: Preeclampsia Foundation\\n\\n * CANADA\\n * Home\\n * About Us\\n * COMMUNITY\\n * Store\\n * Donate\\n\\n * En Espanol\\n\\nMeet Dr. Elizabeth Sutton, science writer of the Research Roundup for The\\nPreeclampsia Registry! She helps explain... https://t.co/5WvP66ciS7\\n\\nToggle navigation\\n\\n * HEALTH INFORMATION\\n\\n * Signs & Symptoms\\n * About Preeclampsia\\n * Cause of Preeclampsia\\n * HELLP Syndrome\\n * Heart Disease & Stroke\\n * FAQs\\n * Postpartum Preeclampsia\\n * Preeclampsia Tests\\n * GET SUPPORT\\n\\n * Our Stories\\n * Community Forum\\n * Ask A Support Question\\n * RESEARCH\\n\\n * Research News\\n * Research Funding\\n * Participate in a Study\\n * Preeclampsia Registry\\n * NEWS & VIEWS\\n\\n * Events\\n * Newsletter\\n * Videos\\n * Photo Gallery\\n * GET INVOLVED\\n\\n * Advocacy Efforts\\n * Volunteer Center\\n * Fundraising\\n * Promise Walk for Preeclampsia\\n * Share your Story\\n * CARE PROVIDERS\\n * ADVOCACY\\n\\n * Policy Priorities\\n * Materials for Advocates\\n * Materials for Providers\\n * Advocacy News\\n * Other Resources\\n * Archive\\n\\nHomeHEALTH INFORMATIONSigns & Symptoms\\n\\nFollow @preeclampsia\\n\\n# SIGNS & SYMPTOMS\\n\\nLast Updated on Monday, July 08, 2019\\n\\n#### Is it just a pregnancy symptom or something more?\\n\\nPregnancy is a confusing time. Your body is going through a lot of changes and\\nit can be hard to tell what's normal and what's a red flag. Learning more\\nabout the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and other\\nhypertensive disorders of pregnancy can help you identify a problem early and\\nensure the best possible outcome.\\n\\nSome characteristics of preeclampsia are signs that can be measured, but may\\nnot be apparent to you, such as high blood pressure. A symptom is something\\nyou may experience and recognize, such as a headache or loss of vision.\\n\\nClick the links below for more information: No Symptoms High Blood Pressure\\n(Hypertension) Proteinuria Swelling (Edema) Headache Nausea or Vomiting\\nAbdominal (stomach area) and/or Shoulder Pain Lower back pain Sudden Weight\\nGain Changes in Vision Hyperreflexia Shortness of breath, anxiety\\n\\n#### No Symptoms\\n\\nPreeclampsia is a serious condition of pregnancy, and can be particularly\\ndangerous because many of the signs are silent while some symptoms resemble\\n“normal” effects of pregnancy on your body. Many women suffering from\\npreeclampsia don’t feel sick, and may be surprised or become frustrated when\\nthey are admitted to the hospital or prescribed bed rest since they still feel\\nwell.\\n\\nHigh blood pressure is an important sign of preeclampsia. The disease is\\nsometimes referred to as a silent killer because most people can’t “feel”\\ntheir blood pressure going up. As a result, patient awareness of the warning\\nsigns is one of the most important tools we have to successfully help women\\nreceive the care they need. We encourage you to familiarize yourself with\\nsigns and symptoms included here to empower yourself and/or others during\\npregnancy.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nProper prenatal care is essential so don’t miss your appointments. Weighing\\nin, checking your blood pressure and testing your urine for protein, each\\nimportant for detecting preeclampsia, should take place at every prenatal\\nvisit. Do not be afraid to question your caregiver if any of these tests are\\nomitted.\\n\\nA good prenatal diet full of vitamins, minerals and the basic food groups are\\nimportant for any pregnancy, as is reducing consumption of processed foods,\\nrefined sugars and caffeine. Eliminating alcohol and any medication not\\nprescribed by a physician is essential. Report all medications prescribed by\\nother doctors to your prenatal care provider so that these products can be\\nchecked regarding their safe use during pregnancy. Speak with your health care\\nprofessional before taking any nutritional supplement – herbal or otherwise.\\nAlthough there is no evidence that these healthy behaviors and choices impact\\npreeclampsia, they do optimize your health for the best pregnancy possible.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### High blood pressure (Hypertension)\\n\\nHigh blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the biggest red flags that\\npreeclampsia may be developing. And even if it's not a symptom of\\npreeclampsia, it can still be a sign of a problem.\\n\\nHigh blood pressure is traditionally defined as blood pressure of 140/90 or\\ngreater, measured on two separate occasions at least four hours apart. During\\npregnancy, a rise in the lower number (diastolic) of 15 degrees or more, or a\\nrise in the upper number (systolic) of 30 degrees or more can also be a cause\\nfor concern.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nKnow your blood pressure prior to pregnancy, especially if it's normally\\nconsidered low. Ask, \\\"What is my blood pressure?\\\" during each prenatal visit\\nwith your healthcare provider.\\n\\nKeep a log of your blood pressure, taken at the same time each day and in the\\nsame position. Share your log with your healthcare provider at each visit and\\nnotify her immediately if you find any significant rise between visits.\\n\\nYou can buy your own blood pressure monitor at most pharmacies, and some of\\nthese stores have a monitor available for your use, though they aren't always\\nreliable. If you own your own monitor, have it calibrated with those used in\\nyour provider’s office.\\n\\nFor accuracy, blood pressure readings should be taken in the sitting position,\\nwith the cuff positioned on the left arm at the level of the heart. (\\\"Your\\nBlood Pressure: Know the Basics\\\")\\n\\nPlease note that home monitors are not always as accurate as those used in\\nclinics or hospitals. Home readings should never replace prenatal visits, nor\\nshould a \\\"normal\\\" reading mean you can ignore other symptoms of preeclampsia.\\n\\nSome healthcare providers will recommend bed rest for you, even though\\nevidence has not shown it to make a difference in outcomes. Some believe this\\nhelps limit potential stressors that could contribute to elevated blood\\npressures. During late pregnancy, you may be advised to lie on your left side\\nto prevent restriction on certain veins which could also contribute to\\nelevated blood pressure. Healthcare providers do not always agree on the\\nbenefits of lying on your side, but there is no evidence of harm.\\n\\nYou may consider seeing or consulting with a specialist in high risk\\npregnancies. This Physician Locator may help.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Protein in your urine (Proteinuria)\\n\\nProteinuria, another sign of preeclampsia, is the result of proteins, normally\\nconfined to the blood by the filtering role of your kidney, spilling into your\\nurine. This is because preeclampsia temporarily damages this “filter.”\\nAlbumin, as well as many other proteins, are lost this way.\\n\\nA simple dipstick test of your urine at each prenatal check-up can screen for\\nproteinuria, though other methods may be used in clinics and medical offices\\nsuch as a Protein:Creatinine Ratio (PCR) or a timed urine collection.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nDuring each prenatal visit, ask your health care provider for the results of\\nyour urine test. A nurse will have dipped a reagent strip into a sample of\\nyour urine. A reading of trace protein is relatively common and is usually not\\na cause for concern. However, if the reading is 1+ or greater, it may signify\\nthe onset of preeclampsia, even if your blood pressure is below 140/90. If you\\nare concerned, or have had preeclampsia before, you can buy reagent strips at\\nsome pharmacies or online. Should you record a reading of 2+ or greater at\\nhome, call your healthcare provider that very same day.\\n\\nSometimes healthcare providers will have you collect your urine for 12 or 24\\nhours to determine the exact quantity of protein in the urine. While this is\\nnot a particularly convenient task, be sure to follow your provider’s\\ndirections and make every effort to be accurate. In a 24 hour collection,\\nproteinuria is diagnosed when there is at least 300 mg/24h though an amount\\nclose to that might be equally concerning. In the case of a protein-creatinine\\nratio (another way to measure proteinuria), 0.3 generally corresponds to 300\\nmg in a 24-hour collection.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Swelling (Edema)\\n\\nA certain amount of swelling is normal during pregnancy. Unless you're one of\\na lucky few, you may notice a little extra puffiness in your feet (good luck\\nfitting into your pre-pregnancy shoes!). Edema, on the other hand, is the\\naccumulation of excess fluid, and can be a concern when it occurs in your\\nface, around your eyes, or in your hands.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nIf you think your face is getting excessively puffy, find a picture of\\nyourself from just before pregnancy to share with your healthcare provider. If\\nthe swelling in your hands and feet becomes severe, you may notice “pitting\\nedema” (when you press your thumb into your skin, an indentation remains for a\\nfew seconds) or discoloration of your legs. If you suspect this kind of edema,\\nnotify your healthcare provider. You should also put your feet up every day,\\nbut avoid sitting for extended periods of time.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Headaches\\n\\nDull or severe, throbbing headaches, often described as migraine-like that\\njust won't go away are cause for concern.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nIf you have tried taking over-the-counter medication without relief, if the\\nheadache is very painful, you have light sensitivity, or if your headache is\\naccompanied by vision changes (please read the section below on \\\"Changes in\\nVision\\\") call your provider immediately and ask to see him/her that day.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Nausea or Vomiting\\n\\nNausea or vomiting is particularly significant when the onset is sudden and\\nafter mid-pregnancy. “Morning sickness” should disappear after the first\\ntrimester and the sudden appearance of nausea and vomiting after mid pregnancy\\nmay be linked to preeclampsia.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nCall your care provider. Nausea or vomiting can be confused with the flu or\\ngallbladder problems, so insist on getting your blood pressure checked and\\nchecking your urine for proteinuria.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Abdominal (stomach area) and/or Shoulder Pain\\n\\nThis type of abdominal pain, often called epigastric pain or upper right\\nquadrant (URQ) pain, is usually under the ribs on the right side. It can be\\nconfused with heartburn, gallbladder problems, flu, indigestion or pain from\\nthe baby kicking. Shoulder pain is often called “referred pain” because it\\nradiates from the liver under the right ribs. Lower back pain is different\\nfrom muscle strain common to pregnancy, because it is usually more acute and\\nspecific. Shoulder pain can feel like someone is deeply pinching you along the\\nbra strap or on your neck, or it can be painful to lie on your right side. All\\nof these pain symptoms may be a sign of HELLP Syndrome or a related problem in\\nthe liver.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nPain in this area should be taken very seriously; do not dismiss it and go to\\nbed. Call your health professional immediately.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Lower Back Pain\\n\\nLower back pain is a very common complaint of pregnancy. However, sometimes it\\nmay indicate a problem with the liver, especially if it accompanies other\\nsymptoms of preeclampsia.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nRead also Stomach and Right Shoulder Pain (above) and mention this symptom to\\nyour health care provider. If this pain accompanies one or more of the other\\nsymptoms, you should call your health care provider immediately.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Sudden Weight Gain\\n\\nWeight gain of more than 3-5 pounds in a week may be an indicator of\\npreeclampsia. Damaged blood vessels allow more water to leak into and stay in\\nyour body's tissue and not to pass through the kidneys to be excreted.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nDo not try to lose weight during pregnancy by restricting your diet. Eating a\\nhealthy, balanced diet, including fresh raw fruit and vegetables, your\\nprenatal vitamin, and a folic acid supplement is important for all\\npregnancies. Avoid excessive salt. Prior to getting pregnant, achieve a\\nhealthy weight (a BMI of 30 or less) since obesity has been shown to increase\\nthe chances of getting preeclampsia.\\n\\nGiven that preeclampsia is a complex disease, women will develop it for\\ndifferent reasons. A healthy, balanced diet and optimal weight may make a\\nsignificant difference for some women. However, we urge caution when\\nconsidering diets designed for weight-loss or claiming to prevent preeclampsia\\nthat encourage large amounts of protein. Excessive dietary protein may cause\\nproblems in women with underlying kidney disease.\\n\\nBe sure to drink sufficient amounts of fluid, usually dictated by your normal\\nthirst sensations, and to perform moderate amounts of exercise regularly.\\nDuring your prenatal visits do not attempt to disguise weight gain by skipping\\nbreakfast, using diet pills or fasting for the day. An accurate weight is\\nvital for a proper diagnosis.\\n\\nThe Preeclampsia Foundation recognizes the importance of a good diet, however\\nwe do not recommend any particular diet or juice product.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Changes in Vision\\n\\nVision changes are one of the most serious symptoms of preeclampsia. They may\\nbe associated with central nervous system irritation or be an indication of\\nswelling of the brain (cerebral edema).\\n\\nCommon vision changes include sensations of flashing lights, auras, light\\nsensitivity, or blurry vision or spots.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nIf you experience any of these changes in vision, you should contact your\\nhealthcare provider immediately or go directly to the hospital. These symptoms\\nare very serious and should not be left unattended, even until the next\\nmorning.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Hyperreflexia\\n\\nHyperreflexia is when your reflexes are so strong that when your knee is\\ntapped by a rubber “hammer,” your leg bounces back hard. Hyperreflexia is\\ngenerally caused by an overreaction of the involuntary nervous system to\\nstimulation.\\n\\nDeep tendon reflexes are increased in many women prior to seizures, but\\nseizures can also occur without hyperreflexia.\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nThis sign is generally measured by a healthcare provider and otherwise\\ndifficult for you to observe yourself. Like headache and visual changes,\\nhyperreflexia may indicate changes in your nervous system. Your healthcare\\nprovider will let you know if he/she is concerned and whether it is an\\nindication, along with other signs and symptoms, that you should go to the\\nhospital.\\n\\nIf you are under treatment with magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures, your\\nhealthcare provider may also test your reflexes to monitor for the need to\\nstart, adjust or stop the magnesium treatment. An overdose of magnesium\\nsulfate may suppress or excessively slow your reflexes.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n#### Shortness of breath, anxiety\\n\\nShortness of breath, a racing pulse, mental confusion, a heightened sense of\\nanxiety, and a sense of impending doom can be symptoms of preeclampsia. If\\nthese symptoms are new to you, they could indicate an elevated blood pressure,\\nor more rarely, fluid collecting in your lungs (pulmonary edema).\\n\\nWhat you can do...\\n\\nContact your healthcare provider immediately if these symptoms are new. If\\nyou've experienced these conditions before pregnancy, be sure to mention them\\nto your care provider during your next visit so they can be monitoried\\nthroughout your pregnancy.\\n\\nDuring pregnancy, it's important to listen to your gut. If something doesn't\\nfeel right, trust your instincts and call your healthcare provider. Never be\\nafraid to call and discuss anything unusual. A good healthcare provider will\\nnever be too busy to address your concerns. The worst outcomes of preeclampsia\\ncan be avoided by early recognition.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n## Featured Video\\n\\nFaces of Preeclampsia\\n\\nView all Videos\\n\\n## Featured Publications\\n\\nPreeclampsia Awareness Survey 2014\\n\\nPreeclampsia: A Decade of Perspective | Global Call\\n\\nTop 10 Pregnancy Books Report\\n\\nMaking Preeclampsia History-2013 Annual Report\\n\\n## Resources\\n\\n * History of Preeclampsia\\n * About Preeclampsia\\n * Cause of Preeclampsia\\n * Signs and Symptoms\\n * HELLP Syndrome\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n## FAQS\\n\\n * What is preeclampsia?\\n * How does preeclampsia affect the baby?\\n * Can I get preeclampsia in another pregnancy?\\n\\nView All\\n\\nJOIN OUR MAILING LIST. We respect your privacy.\\n\\n * HEALTH INFORMATION\\n\\n * Signs & Symptoms\\n * About Preeclampsia\\n * Cause of Preeclampsia\\n * HELLP Syndrome\\n * Heart Disease & Stroke\\n * FAQs\\n * Postpartum Preeclampsia\\n * Preeclampsia Tests\\n * GET SUPPORT\\n\\n * Our Stories\\n * Community Forum\\n * Ask A Support Question\\n * RESEARCH\\n\\n * Research News\\n * Research Funding\\n * Participate in a Study\\n * Preeclampsia Registry\\n * NEWS & VIEWS\\n\\n * Events\\n * Newsletter\\n * Videos\\n * Photo Gallery\\n * GET INVOLVED\\n\\n * Advocacy Efforts\\n * Volunteer Center\\n * Fundraising\\n * Promise Walk for Preeclampsia\\n * Share your Story\\n * CARE PROVIDERS\\n * ADVOCACY\\n\\n * Policy Priorities\\n * Materials for Advocates\\n * Materials for Providers\\n * Advocacy News\\n * Other Resources\\n * Archive\\n\\n * Home\\n * STORE\\n * CONTACT US\\n * PRIVACY POLICY\\n * DISCLAIMER\\n * COMMUNITY\\n * TERMS & CONDITIONS\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 Preeclampsia Foundation. All rights reserved.\\n\\n#### JOIN OUR MAILING LIST\\n\\nJOIN OUR MAILING LIST. We respect your privacy.\\n\\n#### Privacy Policy\\n\\nNormal web site usage The Preeclampsia Foundation has a firm commitment to\\nInternet privacy. You can visit most portions of preeclampsia.org without\\ntelling us who you are and without revealing any personal information. The\\nonly information we collect from a normal web site visit is the name of your\\nInternet Service Provider, the browser and type of machine you are using, the\\nweb site that referred you to us, the pages you request and the date and time\\nyou request them. We use this information to generate statistics and measure\\nsite activity to improve the usefulness of the site to our visitors.\\n\\nCurrently we are using Google Analytics to analyze the audience of the website\\nand improve our content. No personal information is collected from Google\\nAnalytics. For further information on the privacy policy concerning Google\\nAnalytics, please go here,\\nhttps://support.google.com/analytics/answer/6004245?hl=en \\\"\\n\\nCollection of personally identifiable information The Preeclampsia Foundation\\nmay collect names, email addresses and other personally identifiable data\\nabout visitors when such data is voluntarily submitted to preeclampsia.org.\\nFor example, our site uses forms for visitors to register or make a donation\\nonline. Contact information from these forms is used to send information about\\npreeclampsia or Foundation activity to our visitors. Financial information is\\nused to bill or provide receipts to visitors in connection with their\\ndonations. To ensure the security of credit card and personal information,\\nthis Web site employs industry-standard security methods, including the Secure\\nSocket Layers (SSL) protocol for the encryption of transmitted data. The\\nPreeclampsia Foundation goes to great lengths to protect the confidentiality\\nand integrity of any personal information you share with us over the Internet.\\nIn instances where we may partner with medical organizations to conduct\\nresearch on preeclampsia, your participation may be expressly requested, but\\nyour permission would be required prior to sharing personally identifiable\\ndata with authorized medical organizations.\\n\\nThe Preeclampsia Foundation makes every effort to ensure the secure collection\\nand transmission of sensitive user information using industry accepted data\\ncollection and encryption methodologies.\\n\\nDonor Privacy Policy We will not sell, share or trade our donors' names or\\npersonal information with any other entity, nor send mailings to our donors on\\nbehalf of other organizations. This policy applies to all information received\\nby the Preeclampsia Foundation both online and offline, on any Platform\\n(\\\"Platform\\\", includes all Preeclampsia Foundations owned websites and mobile\\napplications), as well as any electronic, written, or oral communications. To\\nthe extent any donations are processed through a third-party service provider,\\nour donors’ information will only be used for purposes necessary to process\\nthe donation.\\n\\nCookies We do not use cookies on the majority of our website pages. The donate\\npages do use \\\"per session\\\" cookies. Per session cookies last only for the life\\nof your current browser load and use no permanent storage on your hard drive.\\nThe use of per session cookies is very common in modern Web sites.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190617195007/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"As pregnancy hormones increase the blood supply to your breasts, you may feel a tingling sensation around your nipples (Blackburn 2013, Murray and Hassall 2014).\",\n \"This can be one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy, and is sometimes noticeable within a week or so of conception. Once your body gets used to the hormone surge, this sensation will subside.\",\n \"It's not uncommon to have some spotting when you're around six weeks pregnant (Hasan et al 2010, Newson 2014). You may notice a slight pink or brown- coloured stain in your knickers, or when you wee, or feel slight cramping.\",\n \"Experts aren't entirely sure why spotting in very early pregnancy happens. It's thought to be caused by the developing placenta (Norwitz and Park 2016).\",\n \"If you're lucky, you'll escape nausea completely. However, morning sickness is a common symptom of early pregnancy (NHS 2015a). It often starts when you're about six weeks pregnant, though it can start as early as four weeks (Murray and Hassall 2014).\",\n \"You may feel sick and queasy, or even vomit. Despite the name, morning sickness can affect you at any time of the day, or night (NHS 2015a).\",\n \"Once you are about six weeks pregnant, your breasts may become increasingly sensitive (NHS 2016). It's similar to how they feel before you have a period, but more so.\",\n \"You may notice that your breasts are larger and swollen, with veins visible just below the skin. Tenderness tends to be most common in the first trimester, easing as pregnancy progresses.\",\n \"Exhausted? You may find yourself diving for your duvet as your body cranks up to support your baby, right from the early stages of pregnancy (NHS 2016). Pregnancy hormones in your body are to blame, as these can make you feel tired, upset and emotional.\",\n \"Though fatigue is not a sure-fire symptom on its own, it's a common pregnancy one (Blackburn 2013). You may find that tiredness wipes you out the most in your first trimester and third trimester.\",\n \"This is down to a combination of pregnancy hormones, a larger volume of blood in your system, and your kidneys working extra hard.\",\n \"If you feel pain or a burning sensation when you wee, though, you may have a urinary tract infection (UTI). See your doctor if you think you have a UTI.\",\n \"Skin changes are common during pregnancy. One of the first changes you may notice is the circle of skin round your nipples (areolas) getting darker (Murray and Hassall 2014). This can happen from about eight weeks.\",\n \"You may also find that the bumps around your nipples become more pronounced, and your nipples more erect. Your vulva and vagina may change to a deeper, purplish red, too (Murray and Hassall 2014), though you probably won't notice this!\",\n \"Food cravings can be a symptom of pregnancy. You're more likely to go off certain flavours at first, though, possibly even before you've missed a period.\",\n \"You may notice a metallic taste in your mouth, or find that you can't face your morning coffee or a food you usually like, such as eggs (NHS 2016).\",\n \"Find out if you can predict the sex of your baby based on the kind of foods you crave in pregnancy.More pregnancy videos\",\n \"If you're usually pretty regular, and your period doesn't start on time, you'll probably take a pregnancy test before you notice any other symptoms. A missed period is one of the surest symptoms of pregnancy (NHS 2016).\",\n \"But if your periods are usually irregular, or you lose track of when your next one is due, you may not realise that your period is late. In this case, tender breasts, feeling queasy and making extra trips to the loo may be early clues that you're pregnant.\",\n \"Most home pregnancy tests will give you a reliable result if you wait until at least the first day of a missed period.\",\n \"Blackburn ST. 2013. The prenatal period and placental physiology. In: Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. A clinical perspective. 4th ed. Oxford: Elsevier Saunders, 61-2\",\n \"Crafter H, Brewster J. 2014. Common problems associated with early and advanced pregnancy. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 222-42\",\n \"Hasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, et al. 2010. Patterns and predictors of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol 20(7):524-31\",\n \"Norwitz ER, Park JS. 2016. Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal bleeding in pregnant women. UpToDate 08 Nov\",\n \"Hi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before I could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima. Just when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw a post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on onimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps me with other problems till now!\",\n \"Hi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before I could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima. Just when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw a post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on onimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps me with other problems till now!\",\n \"* Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\\n* What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\\n* Dynamic debate\\n* Actively trying for a baby\\n* Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\\n* IVF support group\\n* Pregnant for the first time\\n* Baby names\\n* Breastfeeding\\n* Baby-led weaning\\n* Parents of toddlers\\n* Coping with a miscarriage\\nSee all in Community\",\n \"* Before you begin\\n* Ovulation & timing\\n* Quiz: could you be pregnant?\\n* Top 10 signs of pregnancy\\n* Best sex positions\\n* Ovulation calculator\\n* Fertility tips for men\\n* All about pregnancy tests\\n* 9 tips to get pregnant fast\\n* Can you choose your baby's sex?\\n* How age affects fertility\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Trying for a baby\\n* Am I pregnant?\\n* Sex & conception\\n* Infertility & trouble conceiving\\nSee all in Getting Pregnant\",\n \"* Symptoms you should never ignore\\n* How big is your baby?\\n* Weekly meal planners\\n* Pregnancy scans\\n* Baby names finder\\n* Due date calculator\\n* Morning sickness remedies\\n* Hospital bag checklist\\n* Predicting your baby's sex\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your pregnancy week by week\\n* How your baby's developing\\n* Dads' guide to pregnancy\\n* Labour & birth\\n* Baby name inspiration\\n* Popular baby names 2018\\nSee all in Pregnancy\",\n \"* Bonding with your baby\\n* Breastfeeding for beginners\\n* Find the right formula milk\\n* Buying for your baby\\n* When can your baby sleep through?\\n* Name that rash!\\n* Baby poo: what's normal?\\n* Ways to soothe a crying baby\\n* Teething timeline\\n* The truth about growth spurts\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your baby week by week\\n* Sleep basics\\n* First foods\\n* Baby development\\n* The best baby products\\nSee all in Baby\",\n \"* Dealing with tantrums\\n* Food & fussy eating\\n* Toddler development milestones\\n* When to start potty training\\n* Teething & sleep\\n* Moving from a cot to a bed\\n* Help your child sleep through\\n* Bedtime routines\\n* Learning to talk\\n* Constipation in toddlers\\n* Vomiting: what's normal?\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your toddler month by month\\n* Potty training\\n* Top sleep tips\\n* Games & activities\\nSee all in Toddler\",\n \"* Top sleep tips for children\\n* How kids learn to share\\n* Coping with aggression\\n* Bedtime battles\\n* When your child won't stay in bed\\n* Anxiety in children\\n* Night terrors\\n* Dealing with public tantrums\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* Your child month by month\\n* Food ideas & nutrition\\n* Teaching values: empathy to manners\\n* Discipline tactics that work\\n* Easy arts & crafts\\n* Great play ideas\\n* Top tips for starting school\\nSee all in Preschooler\",\n \"* Your body after birth\\n* Healthy post-birth weight loss\\n* Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\\n* Managing postnatal depression\\n* The cost of childcare\\n* Your rights & benefits\\n* Sex secrets for parents\\n* Strengthen your post-baby belly\\nPOPULAR TOPICS\",\n \"* First timers: tips and advice\\n* Family horoscopes\\n* Getting back into shape\\n* Your pelvic floor\\n* Life as a mum\\n* Life as a dad\\n* Family finance tips\\nSee all in Life as a Parent\",\n \"* How pregnancy changes your body\\n* What happens during childbirth\\n* What to pack in your hospital bag\\n* The best positions for labour\\n* How to express milk\\n* How to swaddle your baby\\n* Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\\n* Signs of teething\\n* Tummy time tips\\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS\",\n \"* Fetal development stage by stage\\n* Labour & birth\\n* Postnatal exercises\\n* Recipes for weaning & beyond\\n* Baby massage how-to guides\\n* Baby sleep videos\\nSee all in Video\",\n \"This Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health or the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this site. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms of Use.\",\n \"This site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its contents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs - BabyCentre UK\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n### Getting pregnant\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nCommunity groups\\n\\nActively tryingSymptom spottersCharts, temping and OPKsSee all getting\\npregnant groups\\n\\nHome Getting pregnant Am I pregnant?\\n\\n# The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs\\n\\n### In this article\\n\\n * 1\\\\. Prickling, tingling nipples\\n * 2\\\\. Spotting and cramping\\n * 3\\\\. Feeling sick\\n * 4\\\\. Tender, swollen breasts\\n * 5\\\\. Feeling tired\\n * 6\\\\. Needing to wee frequently\\n * 7\\\\. Darker nipples\\n * 8\\\\. Food cravings and altered sense of smell\\n * 9\\\\. A missed period\\n * 10\\\\. The proof: a positive home pregnancy test\\n\\nVIDEO\\n\\n###### Inside pregnancy: weeks 1-9\\n\\nA 3D animation of your baby in the early stages of pregnancy.\\n\\n## 1\\\\. Prickling, tingling nipples\\n\\nAs pregnancy hormones increase the blood supply to your breasts, you may feel\\na tingling sensation around your nipples (Blackburn 2013, Murray and Hassall\\n2014).\\n\\nThis can be one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy, and is sometimes\\nnoticeable within a week or so of conception. Once your body gets used to the\\nhormone surge, this sensation will subside.\\n\\n## 2\\\\. Spotting and cramping\\n\\nIt's not uncommon to have some spotting when you're around six weeks pregnant\\n(Hasan et al 2010, Newson 2014). You may notice a slight pink or brown-\\ncoloured stain in your knickers, or when you wee, or feel slight cramping.\\n\\nExperts aren't entirely sure why spotting in very early pregnancy happens.\\nIt's thought to be caused by the developing placenta (Norwitz and Park 2016).\\n\\nIf you have any bleeding that seems unusual, see your doctor to be on the safe\\nside.\\n\\n## 3\\\\. Feeling sick\\n\\nIf you're lucky, you'll escape nausea completely. However, morning sickness is\\na common symptom of early pregnancy (NHS 2015a). It often starts when you're\\nabout six weeks pregnant, though it can start as early as four weeks (Murray\\nand Hassall 2014).\\n\\nYou may feel sick and queasy, or even vomit. Despite the name, morning\\nsickness can affect you at any time of the day, or night (NHS 2015a).\\n\\n## 4\\\\. Tender, swollen breasts\\n\\nOnce you are about six weeks pregnant, your breasts may become increasingly\\nsensitive (NHS 2016). It's similar to how they feel before you have a period,\\nbut more so.\\n\\nYou may notice that your breasts are larger and swollen, with veins visible\\njust below the skin. Tenderness tends to be most common in the first\\ntrimester, easing as pregnancy progresses.\\n\\n## 5\\\\. Feeling tired\\n\\nExhausted? You may find yourself diving for your duvet as your body cranks up\\nto support your baby, right from the early stages of pregnancy (NHS 2016).\\nPregnancy hormones in your body are to blame, as these can make you feel\\ntired, upset and emotional.\\n\\nThough fatigue is not a sure-fire symptom on its own, it's a common pregnancy\\none (Blackburn 2013). You may find that tiredness wipes you out the most in\\nyour first trimester and third trimester.\\n\\n## 6\\\\. Needing to wee frequently\\n\\nFrom about six weeks of pregnancy, you may notice that you're weeing more\\noften (NHS 2015b, Rankin 2014).\\n\\nThis is down to a combination of pregnancy hormones, a larger volume of blood\\nin your system, and your kidneys working extra hard.\\n\\nIf you feel pain or a burning sensation when you wee, though, you may have a\\nurinary tract infection (UTI). See your doctor if you think you have a UTI.\\n\\n## 7\\\\. Darker nipples\\n\\nSkin changes are common during pregnancy. One of the first changes you may\\nnotice is the circle of skin round your nipples (areolas) getting darker\\n(Murray and Hassall 2014). This can happen from about eight weeks.\\n\\nYou may also find that the bumps around your nipples become more pronounced,\\nand your nipples more erect. Your vulva and vagina may change to a deeper,\\npurplish red, too (Murray and Hassall 2014), though you probably won't notice\\nthis!\\n\\n## 8\\\\. Food cravings and altered sense of smell\\n\\nFood cravings can be a symptom of pregnancy. You're more likely to go off\\ncertain flavours at first, though, possibly even before you've missed a\\nperiod.\\n\\nYou may notice a metallic taste in your mouth, or find that you can't face\\nyour morning coffee or a food you usually like, such as eggs (NHS 2016).\\n\\nYour sense of smell may change as well, and you may become more sensitive to\\nfood or cooking smells.\\n\\nCan cravings predict gender?\\n\\nFind out if you can predict the sex of your baby based on the kind of foods\\nyou crave in pregnancy.More pregnancy videos\\n\\n## 9\\\\. A missed period\\n\\nIf you're usually pretty regular, and your period doesn't start on time,\\nyou'll probably take a pregnancy test before you notice any other symptoms. A\\nmissed period is one of the surest symptoms of pregnancy (NHS 2016).\\n\\nBut if your periods are usually irregular, or you lose track of when your next\\none is due, you may not realise that your period is late. In this case, tender\\nbreasts, feeling queasy and making extra trips to the loo may be early clues\\nthat you're pregnant.\\n\\n## 10\\\\. The proof: a positive home pregnancy test\\n\\nMost home pregnancy tests will give you a reliable result if you wait until at\\nleast the first day of a missed period.\\n\\nLast reviewed: January 2017\\n\\n## References\\n\\nBlackburn ST. 2013. The prenatal period and placental physiology. In:\\nMaternal, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. A clinical perspective. 4th ed.\\nOxford: Elsevier Saunders, 61-2\\n\\nCrafter H, Brewster J. 2014. Common problems associated with early and\\nadvanced pregnancy. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for\\nMidwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 222-42\\n\\nHasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, et al. 2010. Patterns and predictors of vaginal\\nbleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol 20(7):524-31\\n\\nMurray I, Hassall J. 2014. Change and adaptation in pregnancy. In: Marshall\\nJE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill\\nLivingstone, 143-77\\n\\nNewson L. 2014. Early pregnancy signs and symptoms. Patient, Health\\ninformation. patient.info [Accessed January 2017]\\n\\nNHS. 2015a. Nausea and morning sickness. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. Pregnancy\\nand baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\\n\\nNHS. 2015b. Common health problems in pregnancy. NHS Choices, Health A-Z.\\nPregnancy and baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\\n\\nNHS. 2016. Signs and symptoms of pregnancy. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. Pregnancy\\nand baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\\n\\nNorwitz ER, Park JS. 2016. Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal\\nbleeding in pregnant women. UpToDate 08 Nov\\n\\nRankin J. 2014. The female urinary tract. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds.\\nMyles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 81-90\\n\\nShow references Hide references\\n\\n### Track your baby’s development\\n\\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\\n\\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\\n\\n## Comments\\n\\n#### Log in or sign up to post a comment!\\n\\nA BabyCentre Member\\n\\n10/05/19\\n\\nRead this it will help you get pregnant Infertilitycure.info\\n\\nReport this\\n\\nA BabyCentre Member\\n\\n28/04/19\\n\\nHi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before\\nI could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima.\\nJust when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw\\na post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on\\nonimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps\\nme with other problems till now!\\n\\nReport this\\n\\nA BabyCentre Member\\n\\n15/04/19\\n\\nMy stomach just keep swollen up and I don't missed my period\\n\\nReport this\\n\\nA BabyCentre Member\\n\\n21/03/19\\n\\nPlease, i am 9weeks pregnant and i am not seeing any changes in my stomach\\n\\nReport this\\n\\nA BabyCentre Member\\n\\n19/03/19\\n\\nHi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before\\nI could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima.\\nJust when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw\\na post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on\\nonimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps\\nme with other problems till now!\\n\\nReport this\\n\\nSee more comments\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nJoin BabyCentre\\n\\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\\n\\nYou might also like\\n\\n * What pregnancy symptoms will I have at three weeks?\\n * What are the signs of pregnancy?\\n * Your pregnancy at 3 weeks\\n * How to get your body ready for a baby\\n * When can I take a pregnancy test?\\n * What pregnancy symptoms will I have at three weeks?\\n * Is a pregnancy test accurate? (Video)\\n * My home pregnancy test showed a faint line. 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If you have any concerns about your own health\\nor the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other\\nhealthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this\\nsite. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms\\nof Use.\\n\\nThis site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its\\ncontents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use.\\n\\n### Support for your parenting journey. Delivered to your inbox.\\n\\n##### My Baby This Week Newsletter\\n\\nKeep up with your baby’s development with personalised weekly newsletters.\\n\\n##### The BabyCentre Bulletin\\n\\nGet the latest parenting news, plus expert advice and real-world wisdom.\\n\\n##### Special Offers from Our Partners\\n\\nReceive discounts, deals and parenting information from BabyCentre’s partners.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423003447/https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The Early Signs of Pregnancy Symptoms Checklist\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The following are common early signs of pregnancy. However, symptoms of pregnancy are not the same for every woman. In fact, your own symptoms may actually be different from one pregnancy to another.\",\n \"Pregnancy symptoms can also vary in their intensity, frequency and duration. The following early signs and symptoms of pregnancy checklist is only a guideline.\",\n \"If you are not trying to conceive, you might think it is just your period coming on again, when in reality you may be experiencing very early signs of pregnancy.\",\n \"If you are trying to conceive, you may be frustrated when you think you may be experiencing early symptoms of pregnancy but they are only pre-menstrual symptoms.\",\n \"You will experience a wide variety of physical and emotional changes during pregnancy. These may include any or all of the pregnancy symptoms listed below.\",\n \"Although each of these are considered typical early symptoms of pregnancy, they may happen earlier or later than the order in which they appear on the following list.\",\n \"Remember, some of the earliest signs of pregancy may be subtle, not obvious. Whenever there is any question that you might be experiencing early signs of pregnancy, do a home pregnancy test.\",\n \"Perhaps the most obvious early symptom of pregnancy is when you've missed your period. This possible sign of pregnancy is often what causes women to search for more details about the other pregnancy symptoms.\",\n \"Some women might only experience a much lighter period compared to their usual. You might not experience any of the pregnancy signs listed below until around the time you notice you've missed your monthly cycle.\",\n \"This early pregnancy symptom may be the reason why you are checking this list right now. Many women believe they have an intuition about pregnancy signs. Their intuition is often proven correct.\",\n \"Maybe you just feel different; tired, moody, queasy, lightheaded. You may also have heartburn, constipation, or find yourself making more frequent trips to the restroom. Perhaps you feel a dull ache or stiffness in your lower back, you have sore breasts or they seem overly sensitive, or you are simply not feeling like your usual self.\",\n \"One of the very noticeable early signs of pregnancy is tender, swollen, somewhat sore breasts. You may notice this pregnancy sign at bedtime when you are trying to get comfortable and go to sleep, when exercising or showering, or when getting dressed.\",\n \"When you become pregnant, your body begins preparing your breasts for producing milk and breastfeeding. Hormones start increasing. In addition to breast tenderness and swelling, your nipples may feel sore or extra sensitive. Some women notice their nipples darken in color.\",\n \"Your breasts play an important role in childbirth. They are naturally sensitive and become far more so when pregnant. This is one of the most obvious early symptoms of pregnancy.\",\n \"One of the earliest pregnancy signs for some women may be fatigue and exhaustion. You may start going to bed sooner, or find it harder than usual to get out of bed in the morning. If you are working, by noon you may feel like you need to lie down. Exercising seems like too much effort. A simple activity like shopping may leave you feeling wiped out and lightheaded. This early pregnancy symptom is caused by all of the changes that your body is going through, plus the increasing levels of hormones.\",\n \"If you know you are pregnant, try to take frequent rests or naps of 15 minutes to a half-hour whenever possible. Explain to your family, friends and coworkers that you need these naps. Ask for their help in blocking out rest times for you.\",\n \"An early symptom of pregnancy that others may notice you experiencing is frequent trips to the restroom. Your family or friends may comment that you seem to be going off to the ladies room quite often lately. One cause of this pregnancy symptom is that the swelling uterus can put pressure on your bladder.\",\n \"Also, pregnancy causes extra body fluids to be processed by your kidneys and bladder. That means more trips to the restroom. Sorry to have to say this, but this symptom of pregnancy may remain constant for nine months.\",\n \"One of these pregnancy signs of queasiness, nausea and vomiting can take you by surprise when you least expect it. These early pregnancy symptoms may come as soon as a week into the pregnancy. Many women experience nausea in the morning when they have coffee and/or eat something on an empty stomach. This is known as morning sickness (see below). Other women notice nausea in the afternoon or evening. Others feel queasy all day.\",\n \"This pregnancy symptom may often be helped by eating smaller, more frequent snack size meals. Many women say saltine crackers and milk seem to be helpful. This is an early symptom of pregnancy that seems to show up about a month after pregnancy has begun. It tends to level off once you are into your second trimester and your body adjusts to all the many changes it is going through.\",\n \"One of the more surprising pregnancy signs is dizziness and/or fainting. Going up stairs, standing up suddenly after sitting for a time, or just having to stand in line at the grocery store can make you feel light headed. You might even faint. As the uterus swells it compresses arteries in your legs. This can drop your blood pressure and make you dizzy.\",\n \"A common early sign of pregnancy is that you may feel faint when you have gone a while without eating. This is due to low blood sugar, because that is your baby's main source of food. You want to eat frequent, healthy snacks to keep your blood sugar up. Stock up on portable lunch box foods you can take with you. Such as apples, bananas, grapes, yogurt cups, carrots and celery, cheese and crackers, small cartons of milk, juice boxes, granola bars, boxes of raisins, etc.\",\n \"A well-known cliché is the pregnancy sign-symptom of craving certain foods or unusual combinations of foods. For example, one woman said she craved midnight snacks of warm peach pie topped with vanilla ice cream. Everyone has a funny story about food cravings.\",\n \"Taking a good pre-natal vitamin supplement and a pure fish oil capsule may ease some cravings and help prevent extra weight gain ... and of course prenatal vitamins and fish oil are often doctor recommended for the health of your baby.\",\n \"Less well known but equally common pregnancy signs are aversions to certain foods. You may find that some foods you previously enjoyed are no longer appetizing. One woman told us she had always liked pizza, but couldn't stand it at all while she was expecting. Just the smell of it made her feel nausea. This problem may come and go for some women. For others it could last throughout pregnancy.\",\n \"Another related early symptom of pregnancy is a heightened sensitivity to aromas. Even a favorite aroma, such as the smell of a food or perfume, can make you gag. The smell of fresh mowed grass, the smell of a gas station, smells of various foods, household cleaners, perfumes, cigarette smoke, etc., can all cause you to feel nauseated (see nausea symptom above). This is thought to be yet another side effect of the estrogen that is flooding your body.\",\n \"This pregnancy symptom is well known, and it is related to the nausea symptom. It can be caused by a variety of factors. Your body is craving food and you have not eaten all night so your tummy feels queasy. Your body has way more hormones coursing through it than normal and this can . You are sensitive to aromas and foods, so your morning coffee may not agree with you. The usual breakfast you typically have may not settle well in your stomach during this time. One woman usually had a scone along with a coffee late' for breakfast, but found that during pregnancy it made her feel sick. She changed to tea and toast and that worked well for her. Each woman is different and will have different foods that may or may not contribute to morning sickness.\",\n \"This pregnancy symptom is caused by the uterus starting to swell and pushing against the stomach and other organs as it grows. Also, increasing levels of hormones may slow down digestion and bowel functions to allow the body to absorb as much vitamins, minerals and nutrients as possible from foods. Taking a quality prenatal multi-vitamin-mineral supplement is important to help your body get the nutrients it needs for your growing baby.\",\n \"The slower emptying of the stomach may also cause the release of increased stomach acid to aid digestion, leading to a feeling of heartburn. Soda crackers and sparkling water can help. Smaller more frequent meals are easier to digest. Drink plenty of water and eat fruits, vegetables and perhaps some raisin and bran cereal to help regularity. Some daily vitamin formulas also contain digestive enzymes (from pineapple and papaya fruits). These can help with digestion.\",\n \"Ask your doctor before taking any kind of antacids as some contain aluminum and should be avoided. These two pregnancy symptoms can last throughout your term.\",\n \"With all of these symptoms of pregnancy to deal with, along with raging hormones, is it any wonder you may experience some mood swings and irritability? There is also the emotional adjustment period to your new responsibility. Your world has changed. Even when your pregnancy is carefully planned, it is normal for your mind to suddenly be filled with questions about the timing, your career, finances, insurance, labor and delivery, motherhood, even the future costs of college.\",\n \"It is perfectly normal to feel mixed emotions, excitement and depression, joy and sorrow, laughter and tears. Your partner may be very confused by this and may not seem to be supportive. Explain that your mood swings are very normal signs of pregnancy and that you need support and understanding.\",\n \"You are the one doing all the hard work here and it is not asking too much for your partner to be patient, loving and to have plenty of hugs and kind words of support ready when you need them. Most fathers-to-be want very much to be supportive, they just need instructions. No one has ever told them anything about pregnancy symptoms. It is all a mystery to them.\",\n \"We encourage you to email or print-out this early symptom of pregnancy checklist so your partner can read it too.\",\n \"This early symptom of pregnancy may decrease in the second trimester. Meanwhile get plenty of sleep, eat right, take your prenatal vitamins and fish oil (fish oil is known as \\\"good mood food\\\") and get some moderate exercise by taking short walks.\",\n \"One of the pregnancy symptoms that takes a while to gauge is higher than usual body temperature. You may have been feeling a little bit warm lately and wondered if you are coming down with a cold or something. Take your temperature and see if it is higher than it normally would be.\",\n \"If you've been trying to conceive and hoping to get pregnant (it's a tough job but somebody has to do it), your doctor may already have suggested that you keep a record of your body temperature every day. If your temperature is higher than usual and it stays high for two weeks in a row, something is obviously going on with your body. You may be pregnant (or you may have a low grade fever). Prolonged periods of increased temperature are a cause to seek your doctor's opinion.\",\n \"Early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain can be “a real pain,” literally. This low back pain is caused by several factors. First is your weight change. You gain some weight because you are pregnant, your uterus gets bigger, and your baby grows larger every week. Next, your posture and torso are thrown out of alignment. This weight is mostly in the front of your torso, which pulls on your back. It is like wearing a backpack on your front instead of your back. This changes your posture and puts a strain on your back.\",\n \"Lack of your typical night’s sleep is another factor. You may be laying on your side and trying to get comfortable. The weight of your womb is pulling on your back muscles as you lay there too. Get a maternity pillow as that can help make you more comfortable.\",\n \"Finally, your hormones and body changes have some effect too. Your body is getting ready for birth and so some of your joints and ligaments are loosening up to make delivery possible. All of these changes added together can cause the early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain. It is estimated that about half of all women will experience this pregnancy symptom.\",\n \"One of the less known pregnancy symptoms is the slight bleeding and spotting that can be caused when the fertilized egg begins to implant itself into the uterus. This is known as \\\"implantation bleeding\\\" and it usually takes place between 3 to 6 days after fertilization.(This is earlier than I've ever read and it is a very recent article, not an old \\\"guess\\\".)\",\n \"Once the egg becomes implanted in the uterus - congratulations, you are no longer wondering about pregnancy symptoms, you are indeed pregnant. At this point you might notice a little bit of red or pink spotting. Not all women experience implantation bleeding so it is not considered one of the most obvious pregnancy signs.\",\n \"If you are worrying about possible early symptoms of pregnancy, you can put your mind at ease with a pregnancy test. More than just a pregnancy symptom, this is scientific proof positive of whether you are expecting a baby or not.\",\n \"Pregnancy tests work best if you wait to take them until at least a day or two after you miss your period. Even if the pregnancy test result is negative you should try it again a few days later to be sure. The best pregnancy tests are the ones done by your doctor or medical clinic. However there are some very high quality at home tests available too.\",\n \"Yes some unavoidable weight gain is also a sign. Your clothes are getting tighter, you are feeling bloated, the weight showing on the scale is going up... you are getting bigger and that is simply part of being pregnant.\",\n \"You want to keep your weight gain to the normal amount for a healthy pregnancy, and not let it get out of hand to where you pack on a lot of unnecessary pounds that will be hard to lose later. Some tips on weight control can be found on this Pregnancy Without Pounds page.\",\n \"Also, your odd food cravings may not be as strong if you are taking your prenatal vitamins and fish oil capsules. The cravings may be due to your body's need for special nutrition. The importance of pre-natal vitamins and fish oil capsules\",\n \"Your doctor will tell you that if you are trying to conceive, or you believe you may be experiencing early pregnancy symptoms, you should be taking daily pre-natal vitamins. Vitamin supplements offer support for women trying to conceive, for your health and for the health of your baby.\",\n \"Your body is under great nutritional demands to feed the growing little person inside you. For example, the March of Dimes encourages women to take a multi- vitamin containing folic acid, (a B vitamin).\",\n \"Folic acid can help prevent birth defects. Help your body and your baby's body get the nutrition it needs. Take a quality pre-natal vitamin with folic acid just as soon as you notice the first common early pregnancy sign.\",\n \"Many pregnant women are now also taking a high quality pharmaceutical grade pure fish oil supplement. This gives you the important nutrients of DHA and omega-3 for healthy babies.\",\n \"It has been shown in clinical studies that diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil which provides DHA, will help to provide nutritional support to a baby's visual, nerve and brain function.\",\n \"Fish oil capsules vary in quality. Distilled pharmaceutical grade fish oil is thought by many to be the very best quality. Don't take any chances on the quality of some \\\"mystery fish\\\" oil ... the very best kind we've ever found in our endless research is this amazing best quality fish oil\",\n \"Warning: Your doctor will probably tell you, do not take flaxseed oil during pregnancy. Don't try to get omega-3 that way. Get it from fish oil instead. Flaxseed oil can have an effect upon estrogen and hormones, like soy can. It is for postmenopausal women, not pregnant women!\",\n \"Talk to your doctor. Be very careful to avoid most herbs and supplements when pregnant or nursing. Most Moms only take prenatal supplements and the best quality fish oil pills. Always get the advice and approval of your doctor before taking any supplement during pregnancy, breastfeeding or when experiencing pregnancy symptoms.\",\n \"I couldn't sleep last night so I did a lot of reading and several sites made the statement that with a second (or third, etc) pregnancy you are much more in tune with your body and you may even have signs of queasiness/nausea as soon as 24 hours after fertilization. Good to know.\",\n \"very good to know!!!! that is the one thing since O that has not gone away! I am hopefull. Still remaining sceptical of a bfp though!\",\n \"Tara - great info! I just wish it said on each symptom when it typically occurs. I know all women are different but just an idea of when \\\"most\\\" women start experiencing each symptom would be great. I know some of them stated about when but not all. What I really need is to stop analyzing every little thing 24/7! Ahhhh, I'm driving myself crazy\",\n \"Oh no. I've been taking a Triple Omega for like a month - with flaxseed in addition to fish & safflower oils. Uggg!!!!!\",\n \"I have one to add, and I do not recall seeing this on any of the early pregnancy symptom lists I have read online.\",\n \"The first symptom I had when I was pregnant for LO was forgetfulness. I'd be thinking about something in particular, but the thought would just slip away. It happened quite a lot.\",\n \"BabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. Our content is doctor approved and evidence based, and our community is moderated, lively, and welcoming. With thousands of award-winning articles and community groups, you can track your pregnancy and baby's growth, get answers to your toughest questions, and connect with moms, dads, and expectant parents just like you.\",\n \"Copyright© 1997-2021 BabyCenter, LLC. All rights reserved. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here. BabyCenter is designed for educational purposes only. Consult with a medical professional if you have health concerns. Use of this site is subject to our Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The Early Signs of Pregnancy Symptoms Checklist | BabyCenter\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n1\\n\\nLog in / Sign up\\n\\n * Community\\n * Getting Pregnant\\n * Pregnancy\\n * Baby\\n * Toddler\\n * Child\\n * Health\\n * Video\\n * Baby Products\\n * For You\\n\\n * Community\\n\\n * Birth Clubs\\n * Groups\\n * Mom Answers\\n * See all in Community\\n * Getting Pregnant\\n\\n * Ovulation Calculator\\n * Pregnancy Symptoms\\n * How to Get Pregnant Fast\\n * What Cervical Mucus Looks Like\\n * When Do I Ovulate?\\n * Am I Pregnant?\\n * In Vitro Fertilization\\n * Ovulation Symptoms\\n * Pregnancy Tests\\n * Implantation Bleeding\\n * Chart Your Cycle\\n * See all in Getting Pregnant\\n * Pregnancy\\n\\n * Due Date Calculator\\n * Baby Name Finder\\n * Popular Baby Names\\n * Pregnancy Week by Week\\n * Sex During Pregnancy\\n * Weight Gain Tracker\\n * Signs of Labor\\n * Morning Sickness\\n * Cramping During pregnancy\\n * C-Sections\\n * Gestational Diabetes\\n * See all in Pregnancy\\n * Baby\\n\\n * Feeding Guide\\n * Sleep Basics & Training\\n * Soothe a Crying Baby\\n * When Babies Start Talking\\n * When Babies Roll Over\\n * When Babies Crawl\\n * Diaper Rash\\n * Postpartum Depression\\n * Breastfeeding\\n * First-Year Baby Costs Calculator\\n * See all in Baby\\n * Toddler\\n\\n * Average Weight & Height\\n * Autism Signs\\n * Child Growth Chart\\n * Night Terrors\\n * Moving from Crib to Bed\\n * Development Milestones\\n * Toddler Feeding Guide\\n * Toddler Tantrums\\n * Separation Anxiety\\n * How Much Sleep? 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However, symptoms of\\npregnancy are not the same for every woman. In fact, your own symptoms may\\nactually be different from one pregnancy to another.\\n\\nPregnancy symptoms can also vary in their intensity, frequency and duration.\\nThe following early signs and symptoms of pregnancy checklist is only a\\nguideline.\\n\\nAlso keep in mind that many of the earliest pregnancy symptoms can appear\\nsimilar to routine pre-menstrual discomforts.\\n\\nIf you are not trying to conceive, you might think it is just your period\\ncoming on again, when in reality you may be experiencing very early signs of\\npregnancy.\\n\\nIf you are trying to conceive, you may be frustrated when you think you may be\\nexperiencing early symptoms of pregnancy but they are only pre-menstrual\\nsymptoms.\\n\\nYou will experience a wide variety of physical and emotional changes during\\npregnancy. These may include any or all of the pregnancy symptoms listed\\nbelow.\\n\\nAlthough each of these are considered typical early symptoms of pregnancy,\\nthey may happen earlier or later than the order in which they appear on the\\nfollowing list.\\n\\nRemember, some of the earliest signs of pregancy may be subtle, not obvious.\\nWhenever there is any question that you might be experiencing early signs of\\npregnancy, do a home pregnancy test.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #1\\n\\n### Missed Period\\n\\nPerhaps the most obvious early symptom of pregnancy is when you've missed your\\nperiod. This possible sign of pregnancy is often what causes women to search\\nfor more details about the other pregnancy symptoms.\\n\\nSome women might only experience a much lighter period compared to their\\nusual. You might not experience any of the pregnancy signs listed below until\\naround the time you notice you've missed your monthly cycle.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #2\\n\\n### Just \\\"Feeling\\\" Pregnant\\n\\nThis early pregnancy symptom may be the reason why you are checking this list\\nright now. Many women believe they have an intuition about pregnancy signs.\\nTheir intuition is often proven correct.\\n\\nMaybe you just feel different; tired, moody, queasy, lightheaded. You may also\\nhave heartburn, constipation, or find yourself making more frequent trips to\\nthe restroom. Perhaps you feel a dull ache or stiffness in your lower back,\\nyou have sore breasts or they seem overly sensitive, or you are simply not\\nfeeling like your usual self.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #3\\n\\n### Breast Tenderness\\n\\nOne of the very noticeable early signs of pregnancy is tender, swollen,\\nsomewhat sore breasts. You may notice this pregnancy sign at bedtime when you\\nare trying to get comfortable and go to sleep, when exercising or showering,\\nor when getting dressed.\\n\\nWhen you become pregnant, your body begins preparing your breasts for\\nproducing milk and breastfeeding. Hormones start increasing. In addition to\\nbreast tenderness and swelling, your nipples may feel sore or extra sensitive.\\nSome women notice their nipples darken in color.\\n\\nYour breasts play an important role in childbirth. They are naturally\\nsensitive and become far more so when pregnant. This is one of the most\\nobvious early symptoms of pregnancy.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #4\\n\\n### Fatigue\\n\\nOne of the earliest pregnancy signs for some women may be fatigue and\\nexhaustion. You may start going to bed sooner, or find it harder than usual to\\nget out of bed in the morning. If you are working, by noon you may feel like\\nyou need to lie down. Exercising seems like too much effort. A simple activity\\nlike shopping may leave you feeling wiped out and lightheaded. This early\\npregnancy symptom is caused by all of the changes that your body is going\\nthrough, plus the increasing levels of hormones.\\n\\nIf you know you are pregnant, try to take frequent rests or naps of 15 minutes\\nto a half-hour whenever possible. Explain to your family, friends and\\ncoworkers that you need these naps. Ask for their help in blocking out rest\\ntimes for you.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #5\\n\\n### Frequent Urination\\n\\nAn early symptom of pregnancy that others may notice you experiencing is\\nfrequent trips to the restroom. Your family or friends may comment that you\\nseem to be going off to the ladies room quite often lately. One cause of this\\npregnancy symptom is that the swelling uterus can put pressure on your\\nbladder.\\n\\nAlso, pregnancy causes extra body fluids to be processed by your kidneys and\\nbladder. That means more trips to the restroom. Sorry to have to say this, but\\nthis symptom of pregnancy may remain constant for nine months.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #6\\n\\n### Nausea\\n\\nOne of these pregnancy signs of queasiness, nausea and vomiting can take you\\nby surprise when you least expect it. These early pregnancy symptoms may come\\nas soon as a week into the pregnancy. Many women experience nausea in the\\nmorning when they have coffee and/or eat something on an empty stomach. This\\nis known as morning sickness (see below). Other women notice nausea in the\\nafternoon or evening. Others feel queasy all day.\\n\\nThis pregnancy symptom may often be helped by eating smaller, more frequent\\nsnack size meals. Many women say saltine crackers and milk seem to be helpful.\\nThis is an early symptom of pregnancy that seems to show up about a month\\nafter pregnancy has begun. It tends to level off once you are into your second\\ntrimester and your body adjusts to all the many changes it is going through.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #7\\n\\n### Dizziness and/or Fainting\\n\\nOne of the more surprising pregnancy signs is dizziness and/or fainting. Going\\nup stairs, standing up suddenly after sitting for a time, or just having to\\nstand in line at the grocery store can make you feel light headed. You might\\neven faint. As the uterus swells it compresses arteries in your legs. This can\\ndrop your blood pressure and make you dizzy.\\n\\nA common early sign of pregnancy is that you may feel faint when you have gone\\na while without eating. This is due to low blood sugar, because that is your\\nbaby's main source of food. You want to eat frequent, healthy snacks to keep\\nyour blood sugar up. Stock up on portable lunch box foods you can take with\\nyou. Such as apples, bananas, grapes, yogurt cups, carrots and celery, cheese\\nand crackers, small cartons of milk, juice boxes, granola bars, boxes of\\nraisins, etc.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #8\\n\\n### Food Cravings, or Aversions to Foods\\n\\nA well-known cliché is the pregnancy sign-symptom of craving certain foods or\\nunusual combinations of foods. For example, one woman said she craved midnight\\nsnacks of warm peach pie topped with vanilla ice cream. Everyone has a funny\\nstory about food cravings.\\n\\nTaking a good pre-natal vitamin supplement and a pure fish oil capsule may\\nease some cravings and help prevent extra weight gain ... and of course\\nprenatal vitamins and fish oil are often doctor recommended for the health of\\nyour baby.\\n\\nLess well known but equally common pregnancy signs are aversions to certain\\nfoods. You may find that some foods you previously enjoyed are no longer\\nappetizing. One woman told us she had always liked pizza, but couldn't stand\\nit at all while she was expecting. Just the smell of it made her feel nausea.\\nThis problem may come and go for some women. For others it could last\\nthroughout pregnancy.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #9\\n\\n### Sensitivity to Aromas\\n\\nAnother related early symptom of pregnancy is a heightened sensitivity to\\naromas. Even a favorite aroma, such as the smell of a food or perfume, can\\nmake you gag. The smell of fresh mowed grass, the smell of a gas station,\\nsmells of various foods, household cleaners, perfumes, cigarette smoke, etc.,\\ncan all cause you to feel nauseated (see nausea symptom above). This is\\nthought to be yet another side effect of the estrogen that is flooding your\\nbody.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #10\\n\\n### Morning Sickness\\n\\nThis pregnancy symptom is well known, and it is related to the nausea symptom.\\nIt can be caused by a variety of factors. Your body is craving food and you\\nhave not eaten all night so your tummy feels queasy. Your body has way more\\nhormones coursing through it than normal and this can . You are sensitive to\\naromas and foods, so your morning coffee may not agree with you. The usual\\nbreakfast you typically have may not settle well in your stomach during this\\ntime. One woman usually had a scone along with a coffee late' for breakfast,\\nbut found that during pregnancy it made her feel sick. She changed to tea and\\ntoast and that worked well for her. Each woman is different and will have\\ndifferent foods that may or may not contribute to morning sickness.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #11\\n\\n### Heartburn and/or Constipation\\n\\nThis pregnancy symptom is caused by the uterus starting to swell and pushing\\nagainst the stomach and other organs as it grows. Also, increasing levels of\\nhormones may slow down digestion and bowel functions to allow the body to\\nabsorb as much vitamins, minerals and nutrients as possible from foods. Taking\\na quality prenatal multi-vitamin-mineral supplement is important to help your\\nbody get the nutrients it needs for your growing baby.\\n\\nThe slower emptying of the stomach may also cause the release of increased\\nstomach acid to aid digestion, leading to a feeling of heartburn. Soda\\ncrackers and sparkling water can help. Smaller more frequent meals are easier\\nto digest. Drink plenty of water and eat fruits, vegetables and perhaps some\\nraisin and bran cereal to help regularity. Some daily vitamin formulas also\\ncontain digestive enzymes (from pineapple and papaya fruits). These can help\\nwith digestion.\\n\\nAsk your doctor before taking any kind of antacids as some contain aluminum\\nand should be avoided. These two pregnancy symptoms can last throughout your\\nterm.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #12\\n\\n### Mood Swings and Irritability\\n\\nWith all of these symptoms of pregnancy to deal with, along with raging\\nhormones, is it any wonder you may experience some mood swings and\\nirritability? There is also the emotional adjustment period to your new\\nresponsibility. Your world has changed. Even when your pregnancy is carefully\\nplanned, it is normal for your mind to suddenly be filled with questions about\\nthe timing, your career, finances, insurance, labor and delivery, motherhood,\\neven the future costs of college.\\n\\nIt is perfectly normal to feel mixed emotions, excitement and depression, joy\\nand sorrow, laughter and tears. Your partner may be very confused by this and\\nmay not seem to be supportive. Explain that your mood swings are very normal\\nsigns of pregnancy and that you need support and understanding.\\n\\nYou are the one doing all the hard work here and it is not asking too much for\\nyour partner to be patient, loving and to have plenty of hugs and kind words\\nof support ready when you need them. Most fathers-to-be want very much to be\\nsupportive, they just need instructions. No one has ever told them anything\\nabout pregnancy symptoms. It is all a mystery to them.\\n\\nWe encourage you to email or print-out this early symptom of pregnancy\\nchecklist so your partner can read it too.\\n\\nThis early symptom of pregnancy may decrease in the second trimester.\\nMeanwhile get plenty of sleep, eat right, take your prenatal vitamins and fish\\noil (fish oil is known as \\\"good mood food\\\") and get some moderate exercise by\\ntaking short walks.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #13\\n\\n### Higher body temperature\\n\\nOne of the pregnancy symptoms that takes a while to gauge is higher than usual\\nbody temperature. You may have been feeling a little bit warm lately and\\nwondered if you are coming down with a cold or something. Take your\\ntemperature and see if it is higher than it normally would be.\\n\\nIf you've been trying to conceive and hoping to get pregnant (it's a tough job\\nbut somebody has to do it), your doctor may already have suggested that you\\nkeep a record of your body temperature every day. If your temperature is\\nhigher than usual and it stays high for two weeks in a row, something is\\nobviously going on with your body. You may be pregnant (or you may have a low\\ngrade fever). Prolonged periods of increased temperature are a cause to seek\\nyour doctor's opinion.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #14\\n\\n### Low Back Pain\\n\\nEarly pregnancy symptoms of low back pain can be “a real pain,” literally.\\nThis low back pain is caused by several factors. First is your weight change.\\nYou gain some weight because you are pregnant, your uterus gets bigger, and\\nyour baby grows larger every week. Next, your posture and torso are thrown out\\nof alignment. This weight is mostly in the front of your torso, which pulls on\\nyour back. It is like wearing a backpack on your front instead of your back.\\nThis changes your posture and puts a strain on your back.\\n\\nLack of your typical night’s sleep is another factor. You may be laying on\\nyour side and trying to get comfortable. The weight of your womb is pulling on\\nyour back muscles as you lay there too. Get a maternity pillow as that can\\nhelp make you more comfortable.\\n\\nFinally, your hormones and body changes have some effect too. Your body is\\ngetting ready for birth and so some of your joints and ligaments are loosening\\nup to make delivery possible. All of these changes added together can cause\\nthe early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain. It is estimated that about half\\nof all women will experience this pregnancy symptom.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #15\\n\\n### Implantation Bleeding\\n\\nOne of the less known pregnancy symptoms is the slight bleeding and spotting\\nthat can be caused when the fertilized egg begins to implant itself into the\\nuterus. This is known as \\\"implantation bleeding\\\" and it usually takes place\\nbetween 3 to 6 days after fertilization.(This is earlier than I've ever read\\nand it is a very recent article, not an old \\\"guess\\\".)\\n\\nOnce the egg becomes implanted in the uterus - congratulations, you are no\\nlonger wondering about pregnancy symptoms, you are indeed pregnant. At this\\npoint you might notice a little bit of red or pink spotting. Not all women\\nexperience implantation bleeding so it is not considered one of the most\\nobvious pregnancy signs.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #16\\n\\n### A Positive Pregnancy Test\\n\\nIf you are worrying about possible early symptoms of pregnancy, you can put\\nyour mind at ease with a pregnancy test. More than just a pregnancy symptom,\\nthis is scientific proof positive of whether you are expecting a baby or not.\\n\\nPregnancy tests work best if you wait to take them until at least a day or two\\nafter you miss your period. Even if the pregnancy test result is negative you\\nshould try it again a few days later to be sure. The best pregnancy tests are\\nthe ones done by your doctor or medical clinic. However there are some very\\nhigh quality at home tests available too.\\n\\nEarly signs of pregnancy symptoms: #17\\n\\n### Bloating and Weight Gain\\n\\nYes some unavoidable weight gain is also a sign. Your clothes are getting\\ntighter, you are feeling bloated, the weight showing on the scale is going\\nup... you are getting bigger and that is simply part of being pregnant.\\n\\nYou want to keep your weight gain to the normal amount for a healthy\\npregnancy, and not let it get out of hand to where you pack on a lot of\\nunnecessary pounds that will be hard to lose later. Some tips on weight\\ncontrol can be found on this Pregnancy Without Pounds page.\\n\\nAlso, your odd food cravings may not be as strong if you are taking your\\nprenatal vitamins and fish oil capsules. The cravings may be due to your\\nbody's need for special nutrition. The importance of pre-natal vitamins and\\nfish oil capsules\\n\\nYour doctor will tell you that if you are trying to conceive, or you believe\\nyou may be experiencing early pregnancy symptoms, you should be taking daily\\npre-natal vitamins. Vitamin supplements offer support for women trying to\\nconceive, for your health and for the health of your baby.\\n\\nYour body is under great nutritional demands to feed the growing little person\\ninside you. For example, the March of Dimes encourages women to take a multi-\\nvitamin containing folic acid, (a B vitamin).\\n\\nFolic acid can help prevent birth defects. Help your body and your baby's body\\nget the nutrition it needs. Take a quality pre-natal vitamin with folic acid\\njust as soon as you notice the first common early pregnancy sign.\\n\\nMany pregnant women are now also taking a high quality pharmaceutical grade\\npure fish oil supplement. This gives you the important nutrients of DHA and\\nomega-3 for healthy babies.\\n\\nIt has been shown in clinical studies that diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids\\nfrom fish oil which provides DHA, will help to provide nutritional support to\\na baby's visual, nerve and brain function.\\n\\nFish oil capsules vary in quality. Distilled pharmaceutical grade fish oil is\\nthought by many to be the very best quality. Don't take any chances on the\\nquality of some \\\"mystery fish\\\" oil ... the very best kind we've ever found in\\nour endless research is this amazing best quality fish oil\\n\\nWarning: Your doctor will probably tell you, do not take flaxseed oil during\\npregnancy. Don't try to get omega-3 that way. Get it from fish oil instead.\\nFlaxseed oil can have an effect upon estrogen and hormones, like soy can. It\\nis for postmenopausal women, not pregnant women!\\n\\nRead our information about flaxseed oil and pregnancy before taking any flax\\nseed oil.\\n\\nTalk to your doctor. Be very careful to avoid most herbs and supplements when\\npregnant or nursing. Most Moms only take prenatal supplements and the best\\nquality fish oil pills. Always get the advice and approval of your doctor\\nbefore taking any supplement during pregnancy, breastfeeding or when\\nexperiencing pregnancy symptoms.\\n\\nhttp://www.womens-health-questions.com/pregnancysymptoms.html\\n\\nOriginal poster's comments (3)\\n\\n## comments (169)\\n\\n * mommabex\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nThank you so much!!!! Now i don't feel to crazy even though i may be overly\\nscrutenizing my \\\"symptoms\\\".\\n\\nSee all replies (1)\\n\\n * t\\n\\ntkjknkk2007 · Original Poster\\n\\nGroup Owner\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nI couldn't sleep last night so I did a lot of reading and several sites made\\nthe statement that with a second (or third, etc) pregnancy you are much more\\nin tune with your body and you may even have signs of queasiness/nausea as\\nsoon as 24 hours after fertilization. Good to know.\\n\\nSee all replies (1)\\n\\n * mommabex\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nvery good to know!!!! that is the one thing since O that has not gone away! I\\nam hopefull. Still remaining sceptical of a bfp though!\\n\\n * RASL30\\n\\nGroup Owner\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nOoo, thanks!\\n\\nI was one that had quiziness early on, I think at about 6&7dpo w/ DS.\\n\\n * t\\n\\ntkjknkk2007 · Original Poster\\n\\nGroup Owner\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nI've felt like puking for two days...we'll see.\\n\\n * RASL30\\n\\nGroup Owner\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nKMFX!!!!!!!\\n\\n * mommabex\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nMe too! I comes in waves, KMFX we can test soon (for real this time)\\n\\n * s\\n\\nsimmons_family\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nTara - great info! I just wish it said on each symptom when it typically\\noccurs. I know all women are different but just an idea of when \\\"most\\\" women\\nstart experiencing each symptom would be great. I know some of them stated\\nabout when but not all. What I really need is to stop analyzing every little\\nthing 24/7! Ahhhh, I'm driving myself crazy\\n\\n * c\\n\\nchrissie_emm\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nOh no. I've been taking a Triple Omega for like a month - with flaxseed in\\naddition to fish & safflower oils. Uggg!!!!!\\n\\nThx for the info\\n\\n * b\\n\\nbecky-esq\\n\\nPosted 9/2/10\\n\\nI have one to add, and I do not recall seeing this on any of the early\\npregnancy symptom lists I have read online.\\n\\nThe first symptom I had when I was pregnant for LO was forgetfulness. I'd be\\nthinking about something in particular, but the thought would just slip away.\\nIt happened quite a lot.\\n\\nThe other early symptoms I experienced were increased thirst and occasional\\ndizziness.\\n\\nSee all replies (1)\\n\\nMore posts in \\\"Actively TTC #2 - \\\"The Good Luck Group\\\"\\\" group\\n\\nCreate post in \\\"Actively TTC #2 - \\\"The Good Luck Group\\\"\\\" group\\n\\nGet the BabyCenter app\\n\\nThe #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth.\\n\\n### BABYCENTER IS YOUR PARENTING PARTNER.\\n\\nBabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy\\npregnancy and parenting information in the world. Our content is doctor\\napproved and evidence based, and our community is moderated, lively, and\\nwelcoming. With thousands of award-winning articles and community groups, you\\ncan track your pregnancy and baby's growth, get answers to your toughest\\nquestions, and connect with moms, dads, and expectant parents just like you.\\n\\n### ABOUT BABYCENTER\\n\\n * About us\\n * Awards\\n * Careers\\n * Advertise with us\\n * Press Center\\n * Mission Motherhood\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Accessibility\\n * Ad Choices\\n\\n * Do not sell my personal information\\n * Freebies & Deals\\n * Popular topics\\n * Help Center\\n * Contact Us\\n * Community Guidelines\\n * Email Subscriptions\\n * Account Details\\n * Family Information\\n\\n### OTHER SITES\\n\\n * Pregnancy.com\\n * BabyCenter en Español\\n * Arabia\\n * Australia\\n * Brazil\\n * Canada\\n * France\\n * Germany\\n\\n * India\\n * Malaysia\\n * UK\\n\\nCONNECT WITH US\\n\\nCopyright© 1997-2021 BabyCenter, LLC. All rights reserved. This site complies\\nwith the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.\\nBabyCenter is designed for educational purposes only. Consult with a medical\\nprofessional if you have health concerns. Use of this site is subject to our\\nTerms of Use and Privacy Policy.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/symptoms-of-pregnancy/art-20043853\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211017054706/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/symptoms-of-pregnancy/art-20043853\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Symptoms of pregnancy: What happens first\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Symptoms of pregnancy: What happens first - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20140826035852/http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Early Signs of Pregnancy\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Pregnancy symptoms differ from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy; however, one of the most significant pregnancy symptoms is a delayed or missed period. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pregnancy is important because each symptom may be related to something other than pregnancy. You may experience signs or symptoms of pregnancy within a week of conception. However, it is possible you may not experience any symptoms for a few weeks.\",\n \"Symptoms to watch for early on include a missed period, headaches, tender breasts, nausea and lower backaches. If you have been sexually active and are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to take a pregnancy test. Are you experiencing morning sickness or could it be something else?\",\n \"If you are using the Search Tool to find a free testing provider, use the drop down to choose “Pregnancy Center,” add your zip code, and then expand the radius to 30 miles and click “Search.”\",\n \"Implantation bleeding can be one of the earliest pregnancy symptoms. About 6-12 days after conception, the embryo implants itself into the uterine wall. Some women will experience spotting as well as some cramping. Some women do not even notice this so don’t worry if you are trying to get pregnant and don’t see it – you could still be pregnant.\",\n \"A delayed or missed period is the most common pregnancy symptom leading a woman to test for pregnancy. When you become pregnant, your next period should be missed. However, some women can bleed while they are pregnant, but typically this bleeding will be shorter or lighter than a normal period.\",\n \"Other Explanations: Excessive weight gain/loss, fatigue, hormonal problems, tension, stress, ceasing to take the birth control pill, illness or breastfeeding.\",\n \"Swollen or tender breasts is a pregnancy symptom which may begin as early as 1-2 weeks after conception. Women may notice changes in their breasts; they may be tender to the touch, sore, or swollen.\",\n \"Other Explanations: Hormonal imbalance, birth control pills, impending menstruation (PMS) can also cause your breasts to be swollen or tender.\",\n \"Feeling fatigued or more tired is a pregnancy symptom which can also start as early as the first week after conception.\",\n \"Other Explanations: Stress, exhaustion, depression, common cold or flu, or other illnesses can also leave you feeling tired or fatigued.\",\n \"This well known pregnancy symptom will often show up between 2-8 weeks after conception. Some women are fortunate to not deal with morning sickness at all, while others will feel nauseous throughout most of their pregnancy. If you are experiencing morning sickness at all, take a look at our articles on morning sickness to learn how to manage it better.\",\n \"Other Explanations: Food poisoning, stress, change in hormonal birth control method or other stomach disorders can also cause you to feel queasy.\",\n \"Lower backaches may be a symptom that occurs early in pregnancy; however, it is common to experience a dull backache throughout pregnancy.\",\n \"Other Explanations: Dehydration, caffeine withdrawal, impending menstruation, eye strain, or other ailments can be the source of frequent or chronic headaches.\",\n \"While you may not have a strong desire to eat pickles and ice cream, many women will feel cravings for certain foods when they are pregnant. This can last throughout your entire pregnancy. Some women develop adversions to certain types of food early in pregnancy and this too can last for the next 9 months.\",\n \"The Association is only able to accomplish our mission with the commitment of people like you. Your tax deductible contribution provides valuable education and more importantly support to women when they need it most.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Pregnancy Symptoms | Early Signs of Pregnancy\\n\\nAmerican Pregnancy Association\\n\\nFollow Your Pregnancy Week-By-Week Subscribe to our free week-by-week email\\nnewsletter\\n\\nEnroll Now\\n\\n# Pregnancy Symptoms — Early Signs of Pregnancy\\n\\nHome / Getting Pregnant / Pregnancy Symptoms — Early Signs of Pregnancy\\n\\nPregnancy symptoms differ from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy;\\nhowever, one of the most significant pregnancy symptoms is a delayed or missed\\nperiod. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pregnancy is important because\\neach symptom may be related to something other than pregnancy. You may\\nexperience signs or symptoms of pregnancy within a week of conception.\\nHowever, it is possible you may not experience any symptoms for a few weeks.\\n\\n## What are Early Pregnancy Symptoms to Watch For?\\n\\nSymptoms to watch for early on include a missed period, headaches, tender\\nbreasts, nausea and lower backaches. If you have been sexually active and are\\nexperiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to take a pregnancy test.\\nAre you experiencing morning sickness or could it be something else?\\n\\nHere are some quick references to some common questions or concerns:\\n\\n * Unplanned and need testing? Find a Pregnancy Test Center by zip code\\n * Trying to get pregnant? Download the FREE Getting Pregnant eBook or check out our Fertility Shop.\\n * Questions about Paternity? Call 1-800-798-0580\\n * Questions about symptoms and what ifs? Call 1-800-672-2296 M-F 8am-7pm\\n\\nIf you are using the Search Tool to find a free testing provider, use the drop\\ndown to choose “Pregnancy Center,” add your zip code, and then expand the\\nradius to 30 miles and click “Search.”\\n\\nTrying to get pregnant? Get APA’s “Essential Guide to Getting Pregnant”\\n\\n## First Sign of Pregnancy: Spotting\\n\\nImplantation bleeding can be one of the earliest pregnancy symptoms. About\\n6-12 days after conception, the embryo implants itself into the uterine wall.\\nSome women will experience spotting as well as some cramping. Some women do\\nnot even notice this so don’t worry if you are trying to get pregnant and\\ndon’t see it – you could still be pregnant.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Actual menstruation, altered menstruation, changes in\\nbirth control pill, infection, or abrasion from intercourse.\\n\\n## First Sign of Pregnancy: A Missed Period\\n\\nA delayed or missed period is the most common pregnancy symptom leading a\\nwoman to test for pregnancy. When you become pregnant, your next period should\\nbe missed. However, some women can bleed while they are pregnant, but\\ntypically this bleeding will be shorter or lighter than a normal period.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Excessive weight gain/loss, fatigue, hormonal problems,\\ntension, stress, ceasing to take the birth control pill, illness or\\nbreastfeeding.\\n\\n## Swollen/Tender Breasts:\\n\\nSwollen or tender breasts is a pregnancy symptom which may begin as early as\\n1-2 weeks after conception. Women may notice changes in their breasts; they\\nmay be tender to the touch, sore, or swollen.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Hormonal imbalance, birth control pills, impending\\nmenstruation (PMS) can also cause your breasts to be swollen or tender.\\n\\n## Fatigue/Tiredness:\\n\\nFeeling fatigued or more tired is a pregnancy symptom which can also start as\\nearly as the first week after conception.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Stress, exhaustion, depression, common cold or flu, or\\nother illnesses can also leave you feeling tired or fatigued.\\n\\n## Nausea/Morning Sickness:\\n\\nThis well known pregnancy symptom will often show up between 2-8 weeks after\\nconception. Some women are fortunate to not deal with morning sickness at all,\\nwhile others will feel nauseous throughout most of their pregnancy. If you are\\nexperiencing morning sickness at all, take a look at our articles on morning\\nsickness to learn how to manage it better.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Food poisoning, stress, change in hormonal birth control\\nmethod or other stomach disorders can also cause you to feel queasy.\\n\\n## Backaches:\\n\\nLower backaches may be a symptom that occurs early in pregnancy; however, it\\nis common to experience a dull backache throughout pregnancy.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Impending menstruation, stress, other back problems, and\\nphysical or mental strains.\\n\\n## Headaches:\\n\\nThe sudden rise of hormones in your body can cause you to have headaches early\\nin pregnancy.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Dehydration, caffeine withdrawal, impending menstruation,\\neye strain, or other ailments can be the source of frequent or chronic\\nheadaches.\\n\\n## Frequent Urination:\\n\\nAround 6-8 weeks after conception, you may find yourself making a few extra\\ntrips to the bathroom.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Urinary tract infection, diabetes, increasing liquid\\nintake, or taking excessive diuretics.\\n\\n## Darkening of Areolas:\\n\\nIf you are pregnant, the skin around your nipples may get darker.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Hormonal imbalance unrelated to pregnancy or may be a\\nleftover effect from a previous pregnancy.\\n\\n## Food Cravings or Food Aversions:\\n\\nWhile you may not have a strong desire to eat pickles and ice cream, many\\nwomen will feel cravings for certain foods when they are pregnant. This can\\nlast throughout your entire pregnancy. Some women develop adversions to\\ncertain types of food early in pregnancy and this too can last for the next 9\\nmonths.\\n\\nOther Explanations: Poor diet, lack of a certain nutrient, stress, depression,\\nillness or impending menstruation.\\n\\n## Your Next Steps:\\n\\n * Having symptoms? Call our toll-free helpline at 1-800-672-2296.\\n * Questions about paternity? Call for free paternity info at 1-800-798-0580.\\n * Trying to conceive? Order Fertility Products.\\n\\n## Recommended Reading\\n\\nTrying to get pregnant? Download the APA’s e-Book, The Essential Guide to\\nGetting Pregnant\\n\\nYou may also find the following books helpful.\\n\\n Taking Charge of Your Fertility\\n Toni Weschler\\n\\n The Everything Getting Pregnant Book\\n Robin Elise Weiss\\n\\n The Complete Book of Pregnancy and Childbirth (Revised)\\n Sheila Kitzinger\\n\\nYour purchase supports the Association\\n\\n### Most Related Posts\\n\\n * Cervical Mucus and Your Fertility\\n * Taking a Pregnancy Test\\n * Preconception Nutrition\\n\\nTags: Conceiving\\n\\nFind Healthcare Providers That Can Help You Through Your Pregnancy.\\n\\n#### Pregnancy Blog Latest Blogs\\n\\n * No Prenatal Section! What’s a Mama-to-be To do?\\n * Pampering During Pregnancy\\n * Prenatal Massage: Relaxation and Relief!\\n * Having fun with your wardrode while pregnant\\n * Patience is Key! (When Trying to Conceive)\\n * Internet: Friend or Foe?\\n * Taking Your Prenatal After Birth\\n * Vitamins and Nausea\\n * 5 Free Summer Activities For The Entire Family\\n * 5 Ways To Sneak Fruits And Veggies Into Your Kids’ Meals\\n\\nThe Association is only able to accomplish our mission with the commitment of\\npeople like you. Your tax deductible contribution provides valuable education\\nand more importantly support to women when they need it most.\\n\\nLearn More About APA\\n\\n### Education Sponsored By\\n\\n#### Helpful Information\\n\\n * About\\n * Contact\\n * Corporate Sponsors\\n * Videos\\n\\n#### Planning\\n\\n * Adoption\\n * Birth & Beyond\\n * Getting Pregnant\\n * Labor and Birth\\n\\n#### Pregnancy\\n\\n * Planning and Preparing\\n * Getting Pregnant\\n * Pregnancy Concerns\\n * Your Pregnancy\\n\\n#### Connect\\n\\nContact Us Here\\n\\n© 2014 American Pregnancy Association. Web Design by AXZM\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211013235451/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Home pregnancy tests: Can you trust the results?\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Home pregnancy tests: Can you trust the results? - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170131003006/http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Pregnancy Symptoms\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"For most women, missing a period is one of the first signs of pregnancy that women notice. For others, irregular periods make it difficult to know when a period should start and when it has been missed. There are, however, a number of early signs that can signal the need for a pregnancy test or a visit to the doctor.\",\n \"Most women begin wondering about pregnancy when they have missed their period. However, a number of women have irregular periods or do not keep track of their periods. For these women, some of the other symptoms may signal a pregnancy. Some women may experience spotting (explained below) or light bleeding, and mistakenly think they have gotten a lighter than normal period.\",\n \"Initially, women may have a soreness or tenderness in their breasts similar to the feeling before they get their period and as days go on, the feeling increases. This can begin as early as when someone is one to two weeks pregnant. For some, this can be painful or uncomfortable, for others it may seem more like an exaggerated form of PMS.\",\n \"Feeling very tired for the first couple months of pregnancy is common. For some women, exhaustion or fatigue can begin as early as one week pregnant. This is thought to be caused by increased levels of progesterone. Fatigue often goes away after the first trimester (but may return again late in the pregnancy).\",\n \"Morning sickness can begin when a woman is between two and four weeks pregnant. Some women never get morning sickness or only feel slightly nauseas. Morning sickness can last through the first trimester of pregnancy and then normally goes away. Although called “morning sickness” this nauseousness is not limited to just mornings and can occur throughout the day or night. In addition to nauseousness, some woman may develop an aversion to certain smells or feel sick around strong smells. This may be caused by the increase in estrogen causing the stomach to empty more slowly.\",\n \"At about six weeks into a pregnancy, the frequency of urination usually increases. During pregnancy, a woman has a build up of fluids in her body. This increase in fluids causes extra fluids to be processed by the kidneys and go into the bladder. In addition to extra fluids, a growing uterus can put pressure on your bladder, making you continuously feel as if you need to urinate, however, this cause occurs later in the pregnancy.\",\n \"Some women experience bloating and fluid retention, similar to how they feel shortly before getting their period. This is normal and can begin quite early in pregnancy. Abdominal bloating can make clothing feel tight, but is not caused by weight gain or by the uterus growing. Weight gain in the early stages of pregnancy is typically around 1 pound per month.\",\n \"Some women experience spotting within the first one to two weeks of pregnancy. This occurs when the embryo implants itself onto the wall of the uterus. This is sometimes called Implantation Bleeding. Some women may also experience cramping and feel as if they are ready to get their period.\",\n \"If you are experiencing some of the early symptoms of pregnancy, it may be time to take a home pregnancy test or call to set up an appointment with your doctor.\",\n \"By using this service, you accept our Terms of Use. Please read them. The consumer health information on is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment for any medical conditions. You should promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about your health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a fitness regimen. Copyright © 2017 Remedy Health Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Pregnancy Symptoms\\n\\nproduction\\n\\nSign In\\n\\nShare on youTube Newsletters Share on Twitter Share on Facebook follow us\\n\\n * Conditions A-Z\\n\\nRelated To...\\n\\n * Sexual Health\\n * Depression\\n * Diet & Exercise\\n * Erectile Dysfunction\\n * Genital Herpes\\n * Incontinence\\n\\nOther Conditions\\n\\n * Acid Reflux\\n * ADHD\\n * Allergy\\n * Alzheimer's\\n * Anxiety\\n * Asthma\\n * Autism\\n * Bipolar\\n * Breast Cancer\\n * Cholesterol\\n * Chronic Pain\\n * Colon Cancer\\n * COPD\\n * Diabetes\\n * Digestive Health\\n * Heart Disease\\n * Hepatitis C\\n * High Blood Pressure\\n * Lung Cancer\\n * Menopause\\n * Migraine\\n * More Conditions\\n * Multiple Sclerosis\\n * Obesity\\n * Osteoarthritis\\n * Osteoporosis\\n * Prostate\\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis\\n * Schizophrenia\\n * Skin Cancer\\n * Sleep Disorders\\n * Vision Care\\n\\nHealthy Living\\n\\n * Cold & Flu\\n * Food & Nutrition\\n * Skin Care\\n * Wellness\\n\\n * Our Community\\n\\n * Meet Our Experts\\n * See All SharePosts\\n * See All Questions\\n * Join Our Community\\n * Ask A Question\\n * Share Your Story\\n\\n * Health Tools\\n\\n * Newsletters\\n * Healthy Recipes\\n * Calculate Your BMI\\n * Your Ideal Body Weight\\n * Stress Test\\n * Sleep Assessment\\n * Home Body Fat Test\\n * Recommended Daily Calories\\n * Check Your Cholesterol\\n\\n * Sexual Health\\n\\n * * A\\n\\n * A\\n\\n * A\\n\\n# Pregnancy Symptoms\\n\\n## By Eileen Bailey\\n\\nFor most women, missing a period is one of the first signs of pregnancy that\\nwomen notice. For others, irregular periods make it difficult to know when a\\nperiod should start and when it has been missed. There are, however, a number\\nof early signs that can signal the need for a pregnancy test or a visit to the\\ndoctor.\\n\\n# Missed period\\n\\nMost women begin wondering about pregnancy when they have missed their period.\\nHowever, a number of women have irregular periods or do not keep track of\\ntheir periods. For these women, some of the other symptoms may signal a\\npregnancy. Some women may experience spotting (explained below) or light\\nbleeding, and mistakenly think they have gotten a lighter than normal period.\\n\\n# Sore, swollen or tender breasts\\n\\nInitially, women may have a soreness or tenderness in their breasts similar to\\nthe feeling before they get their period and as days go on, the feeling\\nincreases. This can begin as early as when someone is one to two weeks\\npregnant. For some, this can be painful or uncomfortable, for others it may\\nseem more like an exaggerated form of PMS.\\n\\n# Fatigue\\n\\nFeeling very tired for the first couple months of pregnancy is common. For\\nsome women, exhaustion or fatigue can begin as early as one week pregnant.\\nThis is thought to be caused by increased levels of progesterone. Fatigue\\noften goes away after the first trimester (but may return again late in the\\npregnancy).\\n\\n# Nausea or vomiting\\n\\nMorning sickness can begin when a woman is between two and four weeks\\npregnant. Some women never get morning sickness or only feel slightly nauseas.\\nMorning sickness can last through the first trimester of pregnancy and then\\nnormally goes away. Although called “morning sickness” this nauseousness is\\nnot limited to just mornings and can occur throughout the day or night. In\\naddition to nauseousness, some woman may develop an aversion to certain smells\\nor feel sick around strong smells. This may be caused by the increase in\\nestrogen causing the stomach to empty more slowly.\\n\\n# Frequent urination\\n\\nAt about six weeks into a pregnancy, the frequency of urination usually\\nincreases. During pregnancy, a woman has a build up of fluids in her body.\\nThis increase in fluids causes extra fluids to be processed by the kidneys and\\ngo into the bladder. In addition to extra fluids, a growing uterus can put\\npressure on your bladder, making you continuously feel as if you need to\\nurinate, however, this cause occurs later in the pregnancy.\\n\\n# Abdominal bloating\\n\\nSome women experience bloating and fluid retention, similar to how they feel\\nshortly before getting their period. This is normal and can begin quite early\\nin pregnancy. Abdominal bloating can make clothing feel tight, but is not\\ncaused by weight gain or by the uterus growing. Weight gain in the early\\nstages of pregnancy is typically around 1 pound per month.\\n\\n# Spotting\\n\\nSome women experience spotting within the first one to two weeks of pregnancy.\\nThis occurs when the embryo implants itself onto the wall of the uterus. This\\nis sometimes called Implantation Bleeding. Some women may also experience\\ncramping and feel as if they are ready to get their period.\\n\\n# Headaches or Backaches\\n\\nIncreased hormones can sometimes cause headaches. Backaches are also common in\\nthe early part of pregnancy.\\n\\nIf you are experiencing some of the early symptoms of pregnancy, it may be\\ntime to take a home pregnancy test or call to set up an appointment with your\\ndoctor.\\n\\nReferences:\\n\\n“Early Signs of Pregnancy”, 2005, American Pregnancy Association\\n\\n‘Pregnancy Symptoms: Top Ten Signs You Might Be Pregnant”, 2006, Baby\\nCenter.com\\n\\n“Pregnancy Symptoms”, 2008, Melissa Conrad Stoppler, M.D. Medicinenet.com\\n\\nMost Viewed\\n\\n * Multiple Orgasms\\n * Pregnancy Prevention Center\\n * Sex Tips & Advice\\n * All Questions\\n * Vagina Lumps & Bumps: What are they?\\n\\nRelated Sexual Health Topics\\n\\n * Cure For Itching Flaking Testicles\\n * I Have A Sore In My Vagina - What's Wrong With Me?\\n * Stomach Pains Before Period\\n * How Early Can Your Pms Symptoms Start?\\n * What Would Cause Your Lower Abdominal Pain After Sex?\\n * Can The Receiver Of Oral Sex Catch A Std?\\n\\n#### Ask a Question\\n\\nGet answers from our experts and community members.\\n\\nView all questions (6375) >\\n\\nNote: All clinical content on this site is physician-reviewed, except material\\ngenerated by our community members.\\n\\nFeaturing Content From:\\n\\n * We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.\\n\\n * About Us |\\n * Contact Us |\\n * Privacy Policy |\\n * Terms of Use |\\n * Security Policy |\\n * Advertising Policy |\\n * Advertise With Us\\n\\nBy using this service, you accept our Terms of Use. Please read them. The\\nconsumer health information on is for informational purposes only and is not a\\nsubstitute for medical advice or treatment for any medical conditions. You\\nshould promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about\\nyour health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a\\nfitness regimen. Copyright © 2017 Remedy Health Media, LLC. All Rights\\nReserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160831105802/http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Error 404 Page not found\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you came from a website outside womenshealth.gov, let that website know their link is broken. Sorry, we can't fix broken links outside our website.\",\n \"A federal government website managed by the Office on Women’s Health in the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services\",\n \"200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20201 800-994-9662 • Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. EST (closed on federal holidays).\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Error 404 Page not found | womenshealth.gov\\n\\nA project of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office on\\nWomen's Health\\n\\nSkip Navigation\\n\\nSkip top navigation\\n\\n * Home\\n * A-Z Health Topics\\n * ePublications\\n * News\\n * About Us\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Text size\\n * |Print|\\n\\nSkip left navigation\\n\\nSkip left navigation\\n\\n# Error 404 Page not found\\n\\n## It looks like you tried to access a page that no longer exists or has an\\nerror. Try these tips to find what you're looking for:\\n\\n * If you came to this page from a link on womenshealth.gov, let us know, and we'll fix the link.\\n\\n * Use the search box at the top of this page to locate the page you're looking for.\\n * If you were using a bookmark, reset it once you find the correct page.\\n * If you came from a website outside womenshealth.gov, let that website know their link is broken. Sorry, we can't fix broken links outside our website.\\n\\nContent last updated: February 16, 2012.\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nReturn to top\\n\\n * Accessibility |\\n * Privacy policy |\\n * Disclaimers |\\n * FOIA |\\n * Link to us |\\n * USA.gov |\\n * Viewers and players\\n\\nA federal government website managed by the Office on Women’s Health in the\\nOffice of the Assistant Secretary for Health at the U.S. Department of Health\\nand Human Services\\n\\n200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20201 800-994-9662 • Monday\\nthrough Friday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. EST (closed on federal holidays).\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":355,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":309802,"string":"309,802"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make Buttered Noodles"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To make buttered noodles, start by bringing a pot of water to a boil. Then, add dried noodles to the pot, and cook them for 6-8 minutes. Next, drain the noodles in a colander, and transfer them to a serving dish. Finally, mix butter, salt, and pepper into the noodles until all of the butter has melted."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20180816195005/http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210119171008/https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210125182203/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210127051005/http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210124063702/https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken","http://web.archive.org/web/20210122190047/https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107","http://web.archive.org/web/20210211205230/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210124085614/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816195005/http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210119171008/https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210125182203/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127051005/http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124063702/https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210122190047/https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210211205230/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124085614/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2565,"string":"2,565"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816195005/http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/","parsed_text":{"title":"Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles","passages":["Get this recipe on your mobile device! Cozi, the must-have calendar and organizing app for families, has this recipe, plus many more easy weeknight dinner ideas. Find Cozi in the app store, or sign up on the web. It’s free!","Heat a large saute pan over medium-high heat and add 2-3 tablespoons butter. When butter is melted, add the chicken strips and cook, stirring frequently, until cooked through, 3-5 minutes.","Remove the chicken to a dish. Add onion to the pan and cook until soft, about 1 to 2 minutes.","Add chicken broth to pan and bring to a boil. Add lemon juice and boil until mixture is reduced to about 1/3 cup (4 to 5 minutes).","Return chicken to pan and heat through. Serve with egg noodles and a side of leafy greens or steamed veggies.","The #1 organizing app for families. FREE app and website to manage the family calendar, lists, and to dos - all in one place.","Showing you the tool that has made our life better because I love you. If you are looking for a way to organize the family calendar and grocery list and to-do lists, you will thank me today. If you have that under control, you can ignore me today. This is not a sponsored post. I’m just sharing because I love you. Cozi has made my life my organized. For real! Any other loyal Cozi users out there wanna back me up? #familycalendar #cozi #grocerylist #todolist #momlife #organization #recommended #sharingiscaring","Cozi is part of the Parents Network. ©2006-2018 Cozi Inc. All rights reserved. FAMILY LIFE. SIMPLIFIED. is a registered trademark of Cozi Inc."]},"parsed_md":"Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles | Cozi Family Organizer\n\n * Log in to Cozi\n * Sign up for Cozi\n\nSelect Page\n\n# Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles\n\nMar 14, 2016 | Recipes\n\n##### This extremely simple but delicious lemon butter chicken is perfect for\nnights when you want an easy chicken dish, but haven’t planned ahead with a\nmarinade.\n\nGet this recipe on your mobile device! Cozi, the must-have calendar and\norganizing app for families, has this recipe, plus many more easy weeknight\ndinner ideas. Find Cozi in the app store, or sign up on the web. It’s free!\n\n### Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles\n\nPrep Time:\n\n20 minutes | Yield: 4-6 servings\n\n###### Ingredients\n\n * 4 chicken breast halves, skinned and boned\n * 1/3 cup flour\n * 4-6 tablespoons butter, divided\n * 2 tablespoons finely chopped onion\n * 1 cup chicken broth\n * 3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice\n * 1 package egg noodles\n\n###### Instructions\n\n 1. Slice chicken crosswise into narrow strips. Coat strips lightly with flour.\n 2. Heat a large saute pan over medium-high heat and add 2-3 tablespoons butter. When butter is melted, add the chicken strips and cook, stirring frequently, until cooked through, 3-5 minutes.\n 3. Meanwhile, cook egg noodles according to package directions, drain and lightly butter.\n 4. Remove the chicken to a dish. Add onion to the pan and cook until soft, about 1 to 2 minutes.\n 5. Add chicken broth to pan and bring to a boil. Add lemon juice and boil until mixture is reduced to about 1/3 cup (4 to 5 minutes).\n 6. Remove from heat and add remaining 2-3 tablespoons butter.\n 7. Return chicken to pan and heat through. Serve with egg noodles and a side of leafy greens or steamed veggies.\n\nQuestions or comments? Contact us or join the conversation on Facebook.\n\n#### Our Products\n\nCozi Family Organizer\n\nThe #1 organizing app for families. FREE app and website to manage the family\ncalendar, lists, and to dos - all in one place. \n--- \n \nCozi Gold\n\nGet everything in free Cozi, plus an ad-free experience and premium features.\n\"Worth every penny.\" --Charlene M. \n--- \n \n#### What our fans are saying about Cozi\n\n> Showing you the tool that has made our life better because I love you. If\n> you are looking for a way to organize the family calendar and grocery list\n> and to-do lists, you will thank me today. If you have that under control,\n> you can ignore me today. This is not a sponsored post. I’m just sharing\n> because I love you. Cozi has made my life my organized. For real! Any other\n> loyal Cozi users out there wanna back me up? #familycalendar #cozi\n> #grocerylist #todolist #momlife #organization #recommended #sharingiscaring\n>\n> A post shared by Dawn (@comeoverforcoffee) on Apr 6, 2018 at 5:28am PDT\n\nFollow us @CoziFamily\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Pinterest\n\n * Instagram\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * School is Starting! Here’s How Parents are Preparing for the Transition\n * Back to School To Do List for a Smooth (and Fun) Start to the School Year\n * Add The 2018 World Cup Schedule to Your Cozi Calendar\n * New in Cozi: Dinner Picks from Rachel Hollis\n * Spring Sports are Coming! Here’s How to View the Schedules in Cozi\n\n#### Most Loved Posts\n\nFamily Camping Checklist\n\nSchool Supply Starter Lists\n\nTop 25 Family Dinner Recipes\n\n#### Features\n\n * Feature Overview\n * Calendar\n * Shopping Lists\n * To Do Lists\n * Recipes & Meal Planner\n * Family Journal\n * Cozi Gold\n * Club Cozi\n * Best Product Picks\n\n#### Support & Resources\n\n * Support\n * FAQ\n * Getting Started\n * Contact Us\n * Cozi List Library\n * Using Cozi with Other Calendars\n * Small Victory Fridays\n\n#### News\n\n * Blog\n * Press Coverage\n * Awards\n * Why Families Love Cozi\n\n#### About Us\n\n * About Us\n * Meet the Team\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Advertise with Cozi\n * Become an Affiliate\n * Cooking Light DIET\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * EU Data Subject Requests\n * Personalized Ads\n * Access your Account\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n\nCozi is part of the Parents Network. ©2006-2018 Cozi Inc. All rights reserved.\nFAMILY LIFE. SIMPLIFIED. is a registered trademark of Cozi Inc.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210119171008/https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/","parsed_text":{"title":"Spicy Southern Kitchen","passages":["These Buttered Noodles are positively addicting. Cooked in chicken broth and butter with a bouillon cube and garlic powder, they soak up so much delicious, salty flavor.","The key to really getting flavorful noodles is to not use any water and to cook them in as little liquid as possible. So little liquid that it’s not even necessary to drain them.","In order to get them to cook evenly, you need to cook them in a large nonstick pan and stir frequently because they won’t be completely submerged in liquid.","These Buttered Noodles are on the salty side which is one of the things I find so appealing about them.","Buttered Noodles make a super inexpensive side dish that is so delicious everyone will want to eat it as a main dish.","They have plenty of flavor as is, but if you want to, sprinkle them with a little chopped parsley and grated Parmesan cheese.","Combine broth, water, bouillon cube, and half the stick of butter in a large nonstick skillet. Bring to a boil.","Add noodles and cook, stirring frequently for about 8 minutes. (Note: Turn the heat down so the liquid does not boil vigorously and evaporate too quickly. Add more water if necessary.","Add garlic powder and remaining butter and stir well. Remove from heat and season with pepper and sprinkle with parsley.","The finished noodles will be fairly salty. If you want them less salty, use reduced sodium broth or a reduced sodium bouillon cube.","I’ve just made this. I only cooked my noodles less than 7 minutes, and they’re mush! My husband won’t eat this crap, and my 5 year old probably won’t either. I’m going to eat it only because I hate wasting food.","My daughters and I are obsessed with this. I add some deli meat and frozen vegetables and call it a meal. It’s not healthy...but it’s delicious.","I made these tonight using salt -free butter, salt-free chicken bouillon, and low sodium chicken broth. I also added some finely diced onion. I added the butter after the noodles were cooked. It seemed to make the sauce creamier. Final additions were black pepper and Brendachopped chives, since I don’t care for parsley. This is a keeper!","I’ve taken the lazy way out for years by making the convenient package buttered noodles. I saw this recipe and decided to give it a try. It was simple and delicious! I used Better Than Bullion because I didn’t have any bullion cubes. Needless to say, it was a HUGE hit with the family. No more package noodles in this household!","These were very well done! I used gluten free egg noodles, chicken broth and the stick of butter. Instead of parsley, I used Italian seasoning, and then combined the noodles with frozen, lightly sauces vegetables. The result was amazing! So creamy and satisfying. Thanks again!","What an easy and delicious recipe. I only used half of one chicken bouillon because I don’t like things salty and it turned out perfect for my taste. I cannot believe the final consistency of this dish, so creamy and smooth. I actually thought it was going to turn out more soupy than it did. Definitely will be adding this to my side dish rotation! Thanks for sharing!","We had this as a side with a Italian pork chop dish and it was perfect. We sprinkled a bit of dried parsley for colour. I think we finally found our go to Butter noodle recipe","These were fabulous. I mostly followed the recipe EXCEPT that I was stupid and made these in a pot rather than a skillet. The only other change was that I didn’t have bouillion, but I did have instant chicken consomme, and I used a little over a teaspoon of that instead. Hubby thought they could have been more “chickeny,” and I reminded him they were buttered noodles, not chicken noodles. Will add this recipe to my arsenal. Thank you!","I added some canned chicken to this recipe and an extra bouillon pack (I have sodium free packs) and it was delicious! Definitely will be making this again!","This was so delicious and easy. My husband is so picky he really enjoyed these buttery noodles he beat me to the leftovers the next day.thank you.","Is anybody out there listening? My daughter wants me to make this for dinner and I only have elbow macaroni or Rotini.","I just made these noodles for dinner and I have been picking at them. This is the first time I have mande noodles like this and they came out delish. I am really pleased with the dish and if theres any left before dinner I am sure the gang will love them tooo.","Made these as a side dish with Barbecued Pork. Sorry to say, but these were bland and tasteless. None of my family liked the noodles and we are pasta lovers. Maybe some additional ingredients may be required to give it a big lift, but these were not for us. Thanks for the recipe anyway as I love to try new things.","Aww...really? I was gonna make them with my tilapia for dinner tomorrow. I figured they would be full of flavor because of all the ingredients it calls for. Looks like I will stick to white rice..","Maybe the BBQ sauce over powered the flavors of the noodles. I am definitely giving this a try tonight with baked chicken.","Needed to add extra salt and seasoning otherwise it was very bland. It did have a subtle “chicken-y ” taste , but the flavoring was not savory enough to satiate our tastebuds. I could not eat this pasta alone, Ben, without actual savory chicken bits.","Pasta with a fair amount of salt is music to my ears! I love the simplicity and versatility of this pasta, Christine.","This is so handy as a side for so many things...and great tips on how to do it right. Sounds incredibly flavorful!","I love the looks of these noodles, Christin! My brother always loved buttered noodles growing up, so this is reminding me of my childhood. Sounds like a simple and delicious dish!"]},"parsed_md":"Buttered Noodles - Spicy Southern Kitchen\n\nSkip to content\n\n# Buttered Noodles\n\nPosted on February 15, 2016May 14, 2020 by Christin Mahrlig\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n7293shares\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Pin\n\nThese Buttered Noodles are positively addicting. Cooked in chicken broth and\nbutter with a bouillon cube and garlic powder, they soak up so much delicious,\nsalty flavor.\n\nThe key to really getting flavorful noodles is to not use any water and to\ncook them in as little liquid as possible. So little liquid that it’s not even\nnecessary to drain them.\n\nIn order to get them to cook evenly, you need to cook them in a large nonstick\npan and stir frequently because they won’t be completely submerged in liquid.\n\nThese Buttered Noodles are on the salty side which is one of the things I find\nso appealing about them.\n\nIf you’re worried they will be too salty, use either low-sodium broth or a\nlow-sodium bouillon cube.\n\nButtered Noodles make a super inexpensive side dish that is so delicious\neveryone will want to eat it as a main dish.\n\nThey have plenty of flavor as is, but if you want to, sprinkle them with a\nlittle chopped parsley and grated Parmesan cheese.\n\n### Never miss a recipe. Follow Spicy Southern Kitchen on Pinterest and\nFacebook.\n\n## Buttered Noodles\n\nCourse: Side Dish\n\nPrep Time: 5 minutes\n\nCook Time: 8 minutes\n\nTotal Time: 13 minutes\n\nServings: 6 servings\n\nCalories: 353kcal\n\nAuthor: Christin Mahrlig\n\nButtered Noodles soak up lots of delicious salty flavor from cooking in\nchicken broth and chicken bouillon.\n\nPrint Recipe\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 (14.5-ounce) can chicken broth\n * 1 cup water\n * 1 chicken or beef bouillon cube\n * 1 stick butter, divided\n * 1 (12-ounce) package wide egg noodles\n * 1/4 teaspoon garlic powder\n * freshly ground black pepper\n * chopped parsley\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Combine broth, water, bouillon cube, and half the stick of butter in a large nonstick skillet. Bring to a boil.\n\n * Add noodles and cook, stirring frequently for about 8 minutes. (Note: Turn the heat down so the liquid does not boil vigorously and evaporate too quickly. Add more water if necessary.\n\n * Add garlic powder and remaining butter and stir well. Remove from heat and season with pepper and sprinkle with parsley.\n\n### Notes\n\nThe finished noodles will be fairly salty. If you want them less salty, use\nreduced sodium broth or a reduced sodium bouillon cube.\n\n### Nutrition\n\nCalories: 353kcal\n\n## Buttered Noodles go great with:\n\nHoney Bourbon Steak Tips\n\n## More Noodle Recipes\n\nCabbage and Noodles\n\nCrock Pot Beef and Noodles\n\nDisclosure: This post contains affiliate links.\n\nThis entry was posted in Side Dishes and tagged pasta. Bookmark the permalink.\n\n## 33 thoughts on “Buttered Noodles”\n\n 1. Chelle says:\n\nAugust 27, 2020 at 5:51 pm\n\nI’ve just made this. I only cooked my noodles less than 7 minutes, and they’re\nmush! My husband won’t eat this crap, and my 5 year old probably won’t either.\nI’m going to eat it only because I hate wasting food.\n\nReply\n\n 2. megs283 says:\n\nOctober 8, 2019 at 11:59 am\n\nMy daughters and I are obsessed with this. I add some deli meat and frozen\nvegetables and call it a meal. It’s not healthy...but it’s delicious.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Brenda L Middleton says:\n\nOctober 5, 2019 at 9:54 pm\n\nI made these tonight using salt -free butter, salt-free chicken bouillon, and\nlow sodium chicken broth. I also added some finely diced onion. I added the\nbutter after the noodles were cooked. It seemed to make the sauce creamier.\nFinal additions were black pepper and Brendachopped chives, since I don’t care\nfor parsley. This is a keeper!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Susan S. says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2019 at 5:43 pm\n\nI’ve taken the lazy way out for years by making the convenient package\nbuttered noodles. I saw this recipe and decided to give it a try. It was\nsimple and delicious! I used Better Than Bullion because I didn’t have any\nbullion cubes. Needless to say, it was a HUGE hit with the family. No more\npackage noodles in this household!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Wanda says:\n\nAugust 17, 2019 at 1:19 pm\n\nMade these with beef stroganoff yummo!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Linda says:\n\nJuly 30, 2019 at 6:56 pm\n\nDo I cook this w the lid off?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Elizabeth says:\n\nApril 17, 2020 at 4:10 pm\n\nI did and they were just dandy!\n\nReply\n\n 7. My says:\n\nJune 30, 2019 at 12:02 pm\n\nCan this be made ahead and reheated?\n\nReply\n\n 8. Jenn says:\n\nApril 26, 2019 at 8:03 pm\n\nI added Tony Chachere’s and omg, the kids loved it! I’m a happy momma 😊\n\nReply\n\n 9. Mouse says:\n\nApril 18, 2019 at 1:04 pm\n\nThese were very well done! I used gluten free egg noodles, chicken broth and\nthe stick of butter. Instead of parsley, I used Italian seasoning, and then\ncombined the noodles with frozen, lightly sauces vegetables. The result was\namazing! So creamy and satisfying. Thanks again!\n\nReply\n\n 10. gemccowin says:\n\nNovember 16, 2018 at 11:17 am\n\nWhat an easy and delicious recipe. I only used half of one chicken bouillon\nbecause I don’t like things salty and it turned out perfect for my taste. I\ncannot believe the final consistency of this dish, so creamy and smooth. I\nactually thought it was going to turn out more soupy than it did. Definitely\nwill be adding this to my side dish rotation! Thanks for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Mark says:\n\nOctober 29, 2018 at 12:05 pm\n\nWe had this as a side with a Italian pork chop dish and it was perfect. We\nsprinkled a bit of dried parsley for colour. I think we finally found our go\nto Butter noodle recipe\n\nThanks for posting\n\nReply\n\n 12. Kristen T Coppla says:\n\nSeptember 11, 2018 at 8:03 pm\n\nCan you use other pasta?\n\nReply\n\n 13. veb says:\n\nSeptember 9, 2018 at 12:02 am\n\nThese were fabulous. I mostly followed the recipe EXCEPT that I was stupid and\nmade these in a pot rather than a skillet. The only other change was that I\ndidn’t have bouillion, but I did have instant chicken consomme, and I used a\nlittle over a teaspoon of that instead. Hubby thought they could have been\nmore “chickeny,” and I reminded him they were buttered noodles, not chicken\nnoodles. Will add this recipe to my arsenal. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Autumn says:\n\nMarch 8, 2018 at 4:22 am\n\nI added some canned chicken to this recipe and an extra bouillon pack (I have\nsodium free packs) and it was delicious! Definitely will be making this again!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Dora Clay says:\n\nFebruary 26, 2018 at 3:23 pm\n\nThis was so delicious and easy. My husband is so picky he really enjoyed these\nbuttery noodles he beat me to the leftovers the next day.thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 16. Phathead phred says:\n\nFebruary 24, 2018 at 1:20 pm\n\nJust made this...it was AWESOME!. Simple, quick, and tasty. Thank you for\nposting.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Jayme says:\n\nJanuary 9, 2018 at 12:46 am\n\nWhen you say stick do you mean 1/2 or 1 cup?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Christin Mahrlig says:\n\nJanuary 9, 2018 at 10:39 am\n\n1/2 cup of butter\n\nReply\n\n 18. Margie Nagel says:\n\nJune 29, 2017 at 8:13 pm\n\nIs anybody out there listening? My daughter wants me to make this for dinner\nand I only have elbow macaroni or Rotini.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Erica says:\n\nNovember 5, 2017 at 4:53 pm\n\nI used rotini before for thanks it worked just fine\n\nReply\n\n 2. Brooke Brisson says:\n\nMay 3, 2019 at 5:29 pm\n\nI used actual spaghetti noodles\n\nReply\n\n 19. Annie S. says:\n\nJune 2, 2017 at 4:20 pm\n\nI just made these noodles for dinner and I have been picking at them. This is\nthe first time I have mande noodles like this and they came out delish. I am\nreally pleased with the dish and if theres any left before dinner I am sure\nthe gang will love them tooo.\n\nReply\n\n 20. Olivia C Cash says:\n\nMarch 26, 2017 at 3:22 pm\n\nJust made this recipe and fresh parsley, it was delicious!! Thanks for\nsharing, it was easy and quick!\n\nReply\n\n 21. Brenda says:\n\nOctober 27, 2016 at 9:28 am\n\nMade these as a side dish with Barbecued Pork. Sorry to say, but these were\nbland and tasteless. None of my family liked the noodles and we are pasta\nlovers. Maybe some additional ingredients may be required to give it a big\nlift, but these were not for us. Thanks for the recipe anyway as I love to try\nnew things.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Christina says:\n\nJanuary 22, 2017 at 9:09 pm\n\nAww...really? I was gonna make them with my tilapia for dinner tomorrow. I\nfigured they would be full of flavor because of all the ingredients it calls\nfor. Looks like I will stick to white rice..\n\nReply\n\n 2. Ben says:\n\nJune 10, 2018 at 6:57 am\n\nYou should of just kept that to your self. Who cares what you think.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Melissa says:\n\nJuly 9, 2018 at 1:26 pm\n\nMaybe the BBQ sauce over powered the flavors of the noodles. I am definitely\ngiving this a try tonight with baked chicken.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Rob says:\n\nAugust 9, 2018 at 1:13 am\n\nNeeded to add extra salt and seasoning otherwise it was very bland. It did\nhave a subtle “chicken-y ” taste , but the flavoring was not savory enough to\nsatiate our tastebuds. I could not eat this pasta alone, Ben, without actual\nsavory chicken bits.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Mary Frances says:\n\nFebruary 17, 2016 at 2:59 pm\n\nYummy!! The food looks so appetizing. Absolutely love it 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 23. Thao @ In Good Flavor says:\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 9:52 pm\n\nPasta with a fair amount of salt is music to my ears! I love the simplicity\nand versatility of this pasta, Christine.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Monica says:\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 8:55 pm\n\nThis is so handy as a side for so many things...and great tips on how to do it\nright. Sounds incredibly flavorful!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Gayle @ Pumpkin 'N Spice says:\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 7:04 am\n\nI love the looks of these noodles, Christin! My brother always loved buttered\nnoodles growing up, so this is reminding me of my childhood. Sounds like a\nsimple and delicious dish!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n# About the Author\n\nMy name is Christin and trying new foods and experimenting in the kitchen are\nmy greatest passions.\n\n# Recent Posts\n\n * Paprika Potatoes Recipe\n * Easy Blueberry Pie Coffee Cake\n * Hamburger Steaks with Mushroom Gravy\n * Bananas Foster Cake Recipe\n * Mardi Gras Pasta\n\n© 2013-2021 Spicy Southern Kitchen | All rights reserved | Privacy Policy\n\nMENU\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Recipe Index\n\n * Recipes by Category\n * Recipes by Ingredient\n * Travel\n * Resources\n * Contact\n * Search\n\n7293shares\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210125182203/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/","parsed_text":{"title":"Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe","passages":["Who doesn’t love buttered noodles? The only problem I have with them is that I can easily eat them all if they’re set before me.","Noodles, butter, Parm, and parsley. That’s it, with a little salt and pepper. Serve them with chicken, pork chops, or steak. Make extra!","1 Cook the noodles: Heat 2 quarts of water with 1 Tbsp kosher salt in a large pot on high heat until boiling. Add the egg noodles. Cook for 5 minutes. Reserve 1/4 cup of the pasta cooking liquid and drain the noodles.","2 Add butter, cheese, parsley: Place the drained hot noodles in a large bowl. Add the butter and Parmesan and stir until the butter has melted. Stir in a tablespoon or two of the pasta cooking water. Stir in the chopped parsley. Add salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste.","Hello! All photos and content are copyright protected. Please do not use our photos without prior written permission. Thank you!","This post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via these links can benefit Simply Recipes. Read more about our affiliate linking policy.","Elise Bauer is the founder of Simply Recipes. Elise launched Simply Recipes in 2003 as a way to keep track of her family's recipes, and along the way grew it into one of the most popular cooking websites in the world. Elise is dedicated to helping home cooks be successful in the kitchen. Elise is a graduate of Stanford University, and lives in Sacramento, California.","post_id| post_title| score| ingredient_score| course_score| recipe-type_score| season_score| cuisine_score| special_diet_score| ingredient_terms| course_terms| recipe-type_terms| season_terms| cuisine_terms| special_diet_terms ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 36935| Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet| 15.50| 14.00| 0.00| 1.50| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food,Kid-friendly 2005| Beef Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food 1866| Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget 168442| Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food 81447| Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget 13195| Turkey Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food","Your comment may need to be approved before it will appear on the site. Thanks for waiting. First time commenting? Please review the Comment Policy.","* Sara Bir\nHi Chelsi, the recipe calls for half a pound of noodles, which is 8 ounces. So with a 12-ounce bag, you’ll need to increase the other ingredients up 1.5 times. Does that make sense? If you don’t want to do the math, just use a little extra of everything :)","Followed the recipe, and it’s good, but my noodles are soggy. I even timed them so they wouldn’t over cook. Any tips of tricks?","Sorry to hear about the soggy noodles. My tip is to just check the doneness of any pasta/noodles as they cook. Set your timer early and keep tasting noodles as the boil. (As long as you don’t burn your tongue!) Drain them when they are just a tad toothy, as they will continue to absorb liquid afterwards.","Made this as a side for slow cooker pot roast, which came out really yummy. Followed the recipe exactly with the addition of garlic powder & changing the cheese from Parm. to Romano. This is a keeper in my recipe file. Thank you for an awesome recipe.","These were great and easy. I added a dab of cayenne pepper to mine just for a little kick. Thanks for sharing a great recipe.","Just to let you know – I made these tonight ( adding 1 tbsp or so of chopped shallot ) and my husband said that he didn’t know what I had done but the noodles were perfect. Thank you for the recipe.","I would make them from time to time, but lately my family has been requesting them more often. Fast and simple for a weeknight, what’s not to love!","I love buttered noodles, but it will taste better if you take a cast iron frying pan and melt the butter in it, then take and pour in some itialan style bread crumbs and brown them, then add the noodles and toss together","We love buttered noodles. I usually fry some bacon, press it on paper towels, chop it finely, add quite a bit more Parmesan cheese. Toss all together. It is still my kids favorite meal... and they are in their thirties.","My grandmother would make something like this but she’d cut plain sandwich bread into little pieces and fry that in the butter until crispy before tossing it into the noodles. That little extra dimension made it twice as good!","We love buttered noodle also and sometimes I will add minced garlic in the jar to it. Family loves it this way also. I have also added Italian seasoning along with butter and garlic..I never use anything but real butter in my cooking.","I confess. I’ve never made buttered noodles before! Not even sure I’ve ever eaten them before... Nonetheless, was won over by both your comments and the pictures, so I’m going to try it next week for Rosh Ha’Shana. One question, though – if there are any leftovers, will they keep in the fridge till the next day? Wish me luck!","* · Reply\n\n* Elise Bauer\nHi Arlene, they’ll keep for several days in the fridge. I just reheat them in the microwave.","We’re here to help you put dinner (and breakfast and lunch) on the table with less stress and more joy. Pull up a chair!"]},"parsed_md":"Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe | SimplyRecipes.com\n\nHave these ingredients delivered or schedule pickup SAME DAY!\n\nDid you know you can save this recipe and order the ingredients for same day\ndelivery or pickup?\n\nAdded to Shopping List!Add to Shopping List\n\nShop Home About Recipe Index\n\n * Simply Recipes on Facebook\n * Simply Recipes on Pinterest\n * Simply Recipes on Twitter\n * Simply Recipes on Instagram\n\nSimply Recipes Food and Cooking Blog\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nSaved List\n\nSaved Shopping List\n\nBrowse Recipes:\n\nFeatured\n\n * Healthy Eating\n * Best Soups and Stews\n * Vegetarian Dinner Recipes\n * Weekly Meal Plans\n * Cooking for Two\n * Eat Your Food! 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The only problem I have with them is that I\ncan easily eat them all if they’re set before me.\n\nNoodles, butter, Parm, and parsley. That’s it, with a little salt and pepper.\nServe them with chicken, pork chops, or steak. Make extra!\n\n### Our Favorite Videos\n\nFollow me on Pinterest\n\nSave It Saved Print\n\n## Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe\n\n * Prep time: 10 minutes\n * Cook time: 8 minutes\n * Yield: Serves 4\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1/2 pound egg noodles\n * 2 Tbsp butter\n * 2 Tbsp grated Parmesan cheese\n * 1 Tbsp chopped fresh parsley\n * Salt and pepper to taste\n\n### Method\n\n1 Cook the noodles: Heat 2 quarts of water with 1 Tbsp kosher salt in a large\npot on high heat until boiling. Add the egg noodles. Cook for 5 minutes.\nReserve 1/4 cup of the pasta cooking liquid and drain the noodles.\n\n2 Add butter, cheese, parsley: Place the drained hot noodles in a large bowl.\nAdd the butter and Parmesan and stir until the butter has melted. Stir in a\ntablespoon or two of the pasta cooking water. Stir in the chopped parsley. Add\nsalt and freshly ground black pepper to taste.\n\nHello! All photos and content are copyright protected. Please do not use our\nphotos without prior written permission. Thank you!\n\nSave It Saved Print\n\n#### Products We Love\n\n### Pasta Pot with Insert\n\n$149.99 on Amazon\n\n### Microplane Coarse Grater\n\n$15.23 (43% savings) on Amazon\n\nThis post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via\nthese links can benefit Simply Recipes. Read more about our affiliate linking\npolicy.\n\nElise Bauer\n\nElise Bauer is the founder of Simply Recipes. Elise launched Simply Recipes in\n2003 as a way to keep track of her family's recipes, and along the way grew it\ninto one of the most popular cooking websites in the world. Elise is dedicated\nto helping home cooks be successful in the kitchen. Elise is a graduate of\nStanford University, and lives in Sacramento, California.\n\nMore from Elise\n\nFiled under: Side DishBudgetComfort FoodKid-friendlyVegetarianEgg NoodlesPasta\nand Noodles\n\npost_id| post_title| score| ingredient_score| course_score| recipe-type_score|\nseason_score| cuisine_score| special_diet_score| ingredient_terms|\ncourse_terms| recipe-type_terms| season_terms| cuisine_terms|\nspecial_diet_terms \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n36935| Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet| 15.50| 14.00| 0.00| 1.50| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food,Kid-friendly \n2005| Beef Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg\nNoodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \n1866| Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget \n168442| Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \n81447| Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget \n13195| Turkey Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00|\nEgg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \n \n### You may also like\n\n 1. Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet\n\n 2. Beef Noodle Casserole\n\n 3. Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles\n\n 4. Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole\n\n 5. Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff\n\n 6. Turkey Noodle Casserole\n\n### 20 Comments / Reviews\n\n### Easy Buttered Noodles Cancel reply\n\nYour comment may need to be approved before it will appear on the site. Thanks\nfor waiting. First time commenting? Please review the Comment Policy.\n\n 1. Leah\n\nJust made it so goooood\n\n * October 30, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 2. Chelsi T\n\nDoes the recipe change, if I use the whole bag (12oz) of no yolk buttered\nnoodles?\n\n * October 25, 2020\n * · Reply\n\nShow Replies (1)\n\n * Sara Bir\n\nHi Chelsi, the recipe calls for half a pound of noodles, which is 8 ounces. So\nwith a 12-ounce bag, you’ll need to increase the other ingredients up 1.5\ntimes. Does that make sense? If you don’t want to do the math, just use a\nlittle extra of everything :)\n\n * October 26, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 3. Nikki\n\nHad a craving and followed this recipe. So glad I did! Won’t be making butter\nnoodles any other way!!\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * October 15, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 4. Amy\n\nFollowed the recipe, and it’s good, but my noodles are soggy. I even timed\nthem so they wouldn’t over cook. Any tips of tricks?\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * March 11, 2020\n * · Reply\n\nShow Replies (1)\n\n * Sara Bir\n\nHi Amy,\n\nSorry to hear about the soggy noodles. My tip is to just check the doneness of\nany pasta/noodles as they cook. Set your timer early and keep tasting noodles\nas the boil. (As long as you don’t burn your tongue!) Drain them when they are\njust a tad toothy, as they will continue to absorb liquid afterwards.\n\n * March 12, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 5. Ferryal\n\nMade this as a side for slow cooker pot roast, which came out really yummy.\nFollowed the recipe exactly with the addition of garlic powder & changing the\ncheese from Parm. to Romano. This is a keeper in my recipe file. Thank you for\nan awesome recipe.\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 1. Bonnie\n\nIt turned out awesome. I didn’t have egg noodles and only had elbow\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 2. Bella\n\nDo you use real grated cheese or the kind of the shelf in jar?\n\n * · Reply\n\n * Elise Bauer\n\nAlways the real stuff.\n\n * · Reply\n\n 3. Pamela Vallelonga\n\nThese were great and easy. I added a dab of cayenne pepper to mine just for a\nlittle kick. Thanks for sharing a great recipe.\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 4. Adrienne\n\nJust to let you know – I made these tonight ( adding 1 tbsp or so of chopped\nshallot ) and my husband said that he didn’t know what I had done but the\nnoodles were perfect. Thank you for the recipe.\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 5. Debbie\n\nI would make them from time to time, but lately my family has been requesting\nthem more often. Fast and simple for a weeknight, what’s not to love!\n\n * · Reply\n\n 6. Raymond Hart\n\nI love buttered noodles, but it will taste better if you take a cast iron\nfrying pan and melt the butter in it, then take and pour in some itialan style\nbread crumbs and brown them, then add the noodles and toss together\n\n * · Reply\n\n 7. Dan Spalding\n\nWe love buttered noodles. I usually fry some bacon, press it on paper towels,\nchop it finely, add quite a bit more Parmesan cheese. Toss all together. It is\nstill my kids favorite meal... and they are in their thirties.\n\n * · Reply\n\n 8. Eric\n\nMy grandmother would make something like this but she’d cut plain sandwich\nbread into little pieces and fry that in the butter until crispy before\ntossing it into the noodles. That little extra dimension made it twice as\ngood!\n\n * · Reply\n\n 9. Judy\n\nWe love buttered noodle also and sometimes I will add minced garlic in the jar\nto it. Family loves it this way also. I have also added Italian seasoning\nalong with butter and garlic..I never use anything but real butter in my\ncooking.\n\n * · Reply\n\n 10. Arlene Cohen\n\nI confess. I’ve never made buttered noodles before! Not even sure I’ve ever\neaten them before... Nonetheless, was won over by both your comments and the\npictures, so I’m going to try it next week for Rosh Ha’Shana. One question,\nthough – if there are any leftovers, will they keep in the fridge till the\nnext day? Wish me luck!\n\n * · Reply\n\n * Elise Bauer\n\nHi Arlene, they’ll keep for several days in the fridge. I just reheat them in\nthe microwave.\n\n * · Reply\n\n * Nadine\n\nYes, absolutely!\n\n * · Reply\n\nView More\n\n›\n\nEasy Buttered Noodles\n\nCheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet\n\nBeef Noodle Casserole\n\nCitrus Pork with Egg Noodles\n\nClassic Tuna Noodle Casserole\n\nRotisserie Chicken Stroganoff\n\nTurkey Noodle Casserole\n\n### Recipe Categories\n\n#### Featured\n\n * Healthy Eating\n * Best Soups and Stews\n * Vegetarian Dinner Recipes\n * Weekly Meal Plans\n * Cooking for Two\n * Eat Your Food! (Kid-friendly)\n * Editors’ Favorite Tools & Equipment\n * Produce Guides\n\n### Welcome to Simply Recipes!\n\nWe’re here to help you put dinner (and breakfast and lunch) on the table with\nless stress and more joy. Pull up a chair!\n\nRead more about us...\n\nNever miss a recipe!\n\nSimply Recipes ©2003-2021 Simply Recipes, Inc. | About | Advertise | Privacy\nPolicy | Your California Privacy Rights\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127051005/http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/","parsed_text":{"title":"Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta Difference Between","passages":["The majority of people have a passion for the numerous varieties of pasta, which includes egg noodles, and the traditionally-identified pasta. There are so many varieties, sauces that are used on them, and dishes in which they are prepared, that the thought leaves most our mouths watering. The interesting item is that most people don’t know that there is a difference between these two wonderful foods. This article is going to point out some of the differences between egg noodles and pasta. It will identify the following:","Egg noodles are made of unleavened dough that is cooked in boiling water. Generally, egg noodles are made with eggs and wheat, or rice flour. Sometimes arrowroot or tapioca starches are added to enhance the texture and uniformity of the strands. In most cases, the egg noodle batter is made, and allowed to dry for a period of time, before actually using them to prepare a specific dish.","Pasta is also made of unleavened semolina dough, of either wheat or buckwheat, that is cooked in boiling water, and, in some cases, vegetables are added to the dough.","There are many varieties of egg noodles, and the sizes vary from country to country. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough. Generally, the Chinese and Japanese noodles are long, wide, flat strips of dough, where the German variety is shorter, thicker, and much smaller.","Unlike egg noodles that are typically flat, pastas come in various lengths, sizes, and shapes. Many times, pastas are filled with meats, cheeses, and other vegetables, and are generally served with a sauce. Some of the shapes include spaghetti and angel-hair, (long dowel-like rods), macaroni, (which can be in the shape of shells or tubes), lasagna, (which are long, wide sheets), fusilli, (which are twirled and shorter), farfalle, (bow ties), and rigatoni, (which are larger hollow tubes).","It is generally accepted that egg noodles originated in China, between 25 and 200 AD; although the Arabs and Italians also claim that they invented this wonderful staple food. In October of 2005, at the Lajia site in Qinghai, China, the oldest known strip of egg noodle was discovered. It appeared to be about 4000 years old, and was made of broomcorn and foxtail millet.","As for the origination of pasta, no one has really determined exactly when or who first made this wonderful concoction. The Talmud records a similar food that was common in Palestine during the third century; however, the Greek physician, Galen, identified a comparable material in the second century. Even further back in the first century, Horace described tasty sheets of dough that were fried. As they continue to excavate the ruins in Egypt, they may find evidence that pasta has been around for even longer than what they thought.","This article hit upon many points but did not consider why a cook would want to use one or the other form of noodle. This was the information I was looking for and did not find here.","Right. But I think of the matter from a nutritional and ‘meal’ point of view. Pasta is just an attractive, molded twist on a real staple (i.e. wheat), making it easier to just boil and serve cooked with some sauces and spices, veggies, meats and/or cheese in some form.","It’s a vehicle much like pizza dough, one that definitely calls for something to embellish it with without which it’d much lack in flavor, nutritional value and wouldn’t really fill someone up anyway.","With pasta out of the way, add egg and perhaps milk to the mix of wet pasta dough and you have gotten egg noodles. Personally though I think this is a very specialized portion of a meal and has some value of its own due to the extra protein (egg) mixed in to start with. These could very well be shaped in the form of spaghetti or other ‘flat’ shapes and serve as vehicles for other toppings, like veggie stir fry and maybe even oriental dishes like mongolian beef or such. But things that are either sides or main dishes like chicken lo mein/chow mein can do very well with egg noodles in place of pasta.","I also was also looking for more on this – My chicken soup recipe calls for “eggless noodles. There must be a reason why. Would it have to do with texture/composition? Do eggless noodles hold up better in the chicken broth? Thank you.","I love egg noodles. I never have seen them as actual pasta because the making of the material isn’t like spaghetti or anything like that dough at all... I use it with butter and homemade chicken broth. It helps when you are sick and its a good substitute for people with Celtic disease"]},"parsed_md":"Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta Difference Between | Difference\nBetween\n\n * Business\n\n * Accounting\n * Economics\n * Finance\n * Investment\n * Management\n * Marketing\n * Organizations\n * Planning & Activities\n * Product & Services\n * Structure & Systems\n * Miscellaneous\n\n * Career & Education\n * Culture\n * Entertainment\n * Fashion & Beauty\n * Geography\n * History\n * Legal\n * Politics\n\n * Ideology\n * Leaders\n * Political Institutions\n * Religion\n\n * Islam\n * Sports\n * Technology\n\n * Gadgets\n * Gaming\n * SmartPhones\n * Tablets\n * Software\n * internet\n * Hardware\n * Protocols & Formats\n * Communication\n * Web Applications\n * Industrial\n * Household Equipments\n * Auto\n * Career and Certifications\n * Science\n\n * Biology\n * Chemistry\n * Health\n * Disease\n * Diet & Fitness\n * Drugs\n * Mathematics & Statistics\n * Nature\n * Animals\n * Birds\n * Physics\n * Psychology\n * Objects\n\n * Food\n * Processed Foods\n * Vegetables & Fruits\n * Language\n\n * Words\n * Grammar\n\nJanuary 26, 2010 • 5 comments\n\n# Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta\n\nEgg noodles vs Pasta\n\nThe majority of people have a passion for the numerous varieties of pasta,\nwhich includes egg noodles, and the traditionally-identified pasta. There are\nso many varieties, sauces that are used on them, and dishes in which they are\nprepared, that the thought leaves most our mouths watering. The interesting\nitem is that most people don’t know that there is a difference between these\ntwo wonderful foods. This article is going to point out some of the\ndifferences between egg noodles and pasta. It will identify the following:\n\nIngredients\n\nEgg noodles are made of unleavened dough that is cooked in boiling water.\nGenerally, egg noodles are made with eggs and wheat, or rice flour. Sometimes\narrowroot or tapioca starches are added to enhance the texture and uniformity\nof the strands. In most cases, the egg noodle batter is made, and allowed to\ndry for a period of time, before actually using them to prepare a specific\ndish.\n\nPasta is also made of unleavened semolina dough, of either wheat or buckwheat,\nthat is cooked in boiling water, and, in some cases, vegetables are added to\nthe dough.\n\nShapes\n\nThere are many varieties of egg noodles, and the sizes vary from country to\ncountry. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough. Generally, the\nChinese and Japanese noodles are long, wide, flat strips of dough, where the\nGerman variety is shorter, thicker, and much smaller.\n\nUnlike egg noodles that are typically flat, pastas come in various lengths,\nsizes, and shapes. Many times, pastas are filled with meats, cheeses, and\nother vegetables, and are generally served with a sauce. Some of the shapes\ninclude spaghetti and angel-hair, (long dowel-like rods), macaroni, (which can\nbe in the shape of shells or tubes), lasagna, (which are long, wide sheets),\nfusilli, (which are twirled and shorter), farfalle, (bow ties), and rigatoni,\n(which are larger hollow tubes).\n\nOrigination\n\nIt is generally accepted that egg noodles originated in China, between 25 and\n200 AD; although the Arabs and Italians also claim that they invented this\nwonderful staple food. In October of 2005, at the Lajia site in Qinghai,\nChina, the oldest known strip of egg noodle was discovered. It appeared to be\nabout 4000 years old, and was made of broomcorn and foxtail millet.\n\nAs for the origination of pasta, no one has really determined exactly when or\nwho first made this wonderful concoction. The Talmud records a similar food\nthat was common in Palestine during the third century; however, the Greek\nphysician, Galen, identified a comparable material in the second century. Even\nfurther back in the first century, Horace described tasty sheets of dough that\nwere fried. As they continue to excavate the ruins in Egypt, they may find\nevidence that pasta has been around for even longer than what they thought.\n\nSummary:\n\n1\\. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough, while pasta comes in\na variety of shapes.\n\n2\\. Egg noodles originated in China, while the origin of pasta is not certain.\n\n * Author\n * Recent Posts\n\nManisha Kumar\n\nLatest posts by Manisha Kumar (see all)\n\n * Difference Between On and In - March 18, 2010\n * Difference Between IB and AP - March 18, 2010\n * Difference Between Licence and License - March 18, 2010\n\nShare Tweet Pin Mail\n\nCategories: Food, Processed Foods Tags: noodles, pasta\n\nprevious post Difference Between Eyelet and Grommet\n\nnext post Difference Between CTC and Gross Salary\n\n### 5 responses\n\n 1. Christine Michels\n\nAugust 23, 2014\n\nThis article hit upon many points but did not consider why a cook would want\nto use one or the other form of noodle. This was the information I was looking\nfor and did not find here.\n\nReply\n\n * Amna\n\nMarch 30, 2016\n\nRight. But I think of the matter from a nutritional and ‘meal’ point of view.\nPasta is just an attractive, molded twist on a real staple (i.e. wheat),\nmaking it easier to just boil and serve cooked with some sauces and spices,\nveggies, meats and/or cheese in some form.\n\nIt’s a vehicle much like pizza dough, one that definitely calls for something\nto embellish it with without which it’d much lack in flavor, nutritional value\nand wouldn’t really fill someone up anyway.\n\nWith pasta out of the way, add egg and perhaps milk to the mix of wet pasta\ndough and you have gotten egg noodles. Personally though I think this is a\nvery specialized portion of a meal and has some value of its own due to the\nextra protein (egg) mixed in to start with. These could very well be shaped in\nthe form of spaghetti or other ‘flat’ shapes and serve as vehicles for other\ntoppings, like veggie stir fry and maybe even oriental dishes like mongolian\nbeef or such. But things that are either sides or main dishes like chicken lo\nmein/chow mein can do very well with egg noodles in place of pasta.\n\nJust my two cents’ worth. The rest is preference, really. 😉\n\nReply\n\n * Sue\n\nMarch 24, 2020\n\nI also was also looking for more on this – My chicken soup recipe calls for\n“eggless noodles. There must be a reason why. Would it have to do with\ntexture/composition? Do eggless noodles hold up better in the chicken broth?\nThank you.\n\nReply\n\n 2. calico\n\nSeptember 2, 2015\n\ni thought pasta originated in italy...\n\nReply\n\n 3. Brittany Buckland\n\nFebruary 19, 2020\n\nI love egg noodles. I never have seen them as actual pasta because the making\nof the material isn’t like spaghetti or anything like that dough at all... I\nuse it with butter and homemade chicken broth. It helps when you are sick and\nits a good substitute for people with Celtic disease\n\nReply\n\n## Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nBack to top\n\nmobile desktop\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124063702/https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken","parsed_text":{"title":"Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles","passages":["This post may contain affiliate links to products. If you use those links, I may earn a commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Learn more here.","This Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe is a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!","It has been hard to find the motivation to make meals during the summer! The kids are home from school, it’s hot outside and there is no schedule.","So, I was trying to figure out what to make for dinner when I remembered that I had some leftover grilled chicken in the freezer and decided to make a quick version of Noodles and Company’s Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles.","I took leftover, grilled chicken out of the freezer, added a little water, covered it loosely and heated it in the microwave until the chicken thawed completely.","To use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the chicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts instead of one.","When using raw chicken that has been cut in half to make it thin, this will take 3-4 minutes per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.","Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.","If you want to make oven baked parmesan chicken instead, try the method in one of these two blog posts: Key Lime Chicken Tenders and Lemon Pepper Chicken Tenders.","This Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe is a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!","Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.","To use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the chicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts instead of one.","It will take 3-4 minutes to cooker per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.","Yield: 3 Serving Size: 1 grams Amount Per Serving: Calories: 955Total Fat: 52gSaturated Fat: 24gUnsaturated Fat: 0gCholesterol: 281mgSodium: 967mgCarbohydrates: 48gFiber: 2gSugar: 1gProtein: 70g","Great recipe. My daughter is a picky eater and requested this. Both of us loved it. We’ll be making this again.","Hi !!! I love your recipes and your enthusiasm. Because I am GF and diabetic, I use almond flour for bread crumbs. I can even make an almond bread that tastes like a hush puppy. Here’s my recipe: 3 cups almond flour, 1 Tbsp baking pwdr, 1 tsp baking soda, 1/2 tsp salt, 2-3 eggs (I buy med. organic), 1-1/2 cups buttermilk/or any milk, 1 small finely diced onion, 1 cup shred cheese, mix, pour into a buttered pan (I use a Pyrex 11X9-inch glass dish & bake 37 mins.","This is an easy dish. I never have any ‘left-over’ chicken in my freezer (since I always use our leftover chicken within a day or so.) I make a cold chicken salad on Croissants (SP) with Butter (Boston) lettuce. It’s nice to have on a hot summer day for lunch! To the breading mixture (for this dish), I added a bit of garkic powder, and also some dry parsley flakes. I also added a generous handful of frozen ‘green peas’ to the buttered noodles. With my ‘personal additions’, we loved it ! .","This was delicious I substituted bread crumbs for Original Goldfishes crackers and I served it up with homemade Mac n Cheese. My family devoured it!","Yum!! I love parmesan chicken! These look so good and I bet your family loved it! I don’t know how you have time to do all that you do!!! Superwoman!","Ohhh what a yummy meal!! Rarely do we have any leftovers around here either...You would think that I was starving my husband they way he eats haha! Such a great presentation of the food! Your pictures are always so clean. Love that","Hi, I'm Tonia, a lover of food and photography! Fill a gunny sack with ingredients, tie on an apron and let's get cooking!"]},"parsed_md":"Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles - The Gunny\nSack\n\nThe Gunny Sack\n\nHome » Recipes » Dinner » Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and\nButtered Noodles\n\n# Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links to products. If you use those links, I\nmay earn a commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying\npurchases. Learn more here.\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nThis Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe\nis a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\n\nIt has been hard to find the motivation to make meals during the summer! The\nkids are home from school, it’s hot outside and there is no schedule.\n\nSo, I was trying to figure out what to make for dinner when I remembered that\nI had some leftover grilled chicken in the freezer and decided to make a quick\nversion of Noodles and Company’s Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles.\n\n## How To Make Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\n\n#### Step One:\n\nStart with the chicken.\n\nI took leftover, grilled chicken out of the freezer, added a little water,\ncovered it loosely and heated it in the microwave until the chicken thawed\ncompletely.\n\nTo use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the\nchicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts\ninstead of one.\n\n#### Step Two:\n\nIn a shallow bowl, mix together breadcrumbs, grated Parmesan, Italian\nseasoning, and garlic powder.\n\n#### Step Three:\n\nHeat the olive oil in a saute pan over medium heat.\n\n#### Step Four:\n\nDip the chicken breasts in melted butter and then coat with the breadcrumbs\nmixture.\n\n#### Step Five:\n\nFry the coated chicken breasts in the oil for a couple of minutes on each\nside, until golden brown.\n\nIf using precooked chicken, this will only take about 1- 2 minutes per side.\n\nWhen using raw chicken that has been cut in half to make it thin, this will\ntake 3-4 minutes per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the\nchicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\n\n#### Step Six:\n\nPut one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one\ntablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt,\nblack pepper, and Italian seasoning.\n\n#### Step Seven:\n\nSlice each parmesan chicken breast and lay the slices on top of the noodles in\nthe bowls.\n\nIf you want to make oven baked parmesan chicken instead, try the method in one\nof these two blog posts: Key Lime Chicken Tenders and Lemon Pepper Chicken\nTenders.\n\nContinue to Content\n\n## Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\n\nYield: 3\n\nPrep Time: 5 minutes\n\nCook Time: 5 minutes\n\nTotal Time: 10 minutes\n\nThis Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe\nis a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\n\n### Ingredients\n\n#### Parmesan Chicken\n\n * 3 cooked chicken breasts, (see notes for how to make using raw chicken breasts)\n * 1/4 cup breadcrumbs\n * 1/2 cup grated Parmesan\n * 1 tsp Italian seasoning\n * 1/2 tsp garlic powder\n * 1/4 cup butter, melted\n * 2 tbsp olive oil\n\n#### Buttered Noodles\n\n * 3 cups cooked egg noodles\n * 3 tbsp butter, melted\n * 3 tbsp shredded Parmesan\n * 1/4 tsp salt\n * 1/4 tsp Italian seasoning\n * 1/8 tsp black pepper\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. In a shallow bowl, mix together breadcrumbs, grated Parmesan, Italian seasoning, and garlic powder.\n 2. Heat olive oil in a saute pan over medium heat.\n 3. Dip the chicken breasts in melted butter and coat with the breadcrumbs mixture.\n 4. Fry the coated chicken breasts in the oil for a couple of minutes on each side, until golden brown.\n 5. Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.\n 6. Slice each parmesan chicken breast and lay the slices on top of the noodles in the bowls.\n\n### Notes\n\nTo use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the\nchicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts\ninstead of one.\n\nIt will take 3-4 minutes to cooker per side. Cook until the juices run clear\nor until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\n\n###### Nutrition Information:\n\nYield: 3 Serving Size: 1 grams Amount Per Serving: Calories: 955Total Fat:\n52gSaturated Fat: 24gUnsaturated Fat: 0gCholesterol: 281mgSodium:\n967mgCarbohydrates: 48gFiber: 2gSugar: 1gProtein: 70g\n\n© Tonia\n\nCuisine: American / Category: Dinner\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\n« How To Make Brown Bag Envelopes\n\nDipping Sauce for Sweet Potato Fries »\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Becky Slivinski says\n\nJanuary 18, 2021 at 8:31 pm\n\nGreat recipe. My daughter is a picky eater and requested this. Both of us\nloved it. We’ll be making this again.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Debbie says\n\nJanuary 4, 2021 at 7:02 pm\n\nGreat recipe, all of the family gave thumbs up...\n\nReply\n\n 3. Laura says\n\nMarch 7, 2017 at 3:55 pm\n\nHi !!! I love your recipes and your enthusiasm. Because I am GF and diabetic,\nI use almond flour for bread crumbs. I can even make an almond bread that\ntastes like a hush puppy. Here’s my recipe: 3 cups almond flour, 1 Tbsp baking\npwdr, 1 tsp baking soda, 1/2 tsp salt, 2-3 eggs (I buy med. organic), 1-1/2\ncups buttermilk/or any milk, 1 small finely diced onion, 1 cup shred cheese,\nmix, pour into a buttered pan (I use a Pyrex 11X9-inch glass dish & bake 37\nmins.\n\nT hank you so much.\n\nReply\n\n * judi says\n\nFebruary 9, 2020 at 11:13 am\n\nat what temp do you bake this almond bread/hush puppy goodness? please and\nthank you\n\nReply\n\n 4. Angela says\n\nJuly 21, 2014 at 1:27 pm\n\nThis is an easy dish. I never have any ‘left-over’ chicken in my freezer\n(since I always use our leftover chicken within a day or so.) I make a cold\nchicken salad on Croissants (SP) with Butter (Boston) lettuce. It’s nice to\nhave on a hot summer day for lunch! To the breading mixture (for this dish), I\nadded a bit of garkic powder, and also some dry parsley flakes. I also added a\ngenerous handful of frozen ‘green peas’ to the buttered noodles. With my\n‘personal additions’, we loved it ! .\n\nReply\n\n 5. LH says\n\nJuly 5, 2014 at 8:44 am\n\nMade this last night. Simple to make & really good. This recipe is a keeper:)\n\nReply\n\n * Tonia says\n\nJuly 5, 2014 at 9:32 am\n\nFantastic! I still make it for my family too!\n\nReply\n\n 6. nancy says\n\nApril 18, 2014 at 10:51 pm\n\nThis was delicious I substituted bread crumbs for Original Goldfishes crackers\nand I served it up with homemade Mac n Cheese. My family devoured it!\n\nReply\n\n 7. www.StarHughes.com says\n\nJuly 22, 2011 at 5:43 pm\n\nYum!! I love parmesan chicken! These look so good and I bet your family loved\nit! I don’t know how you have time to do all that you do!!! Superwoman!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Ana Degenaar says\n\nJuly 20, 2011 at 2:22 pm\n\nThis looks and sounds delish!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Lindsay @ Delighted Momma says\n\nJuly 20, 2011 at 2:18 pm\n\nOhhh what a yummy meal!! Rarely do we have any leftovers around here\neither...You would think that I was starving my husband they way he eats haha!\nSuch a great presentation of the food! Your pictures are always so clean. Love\nthat\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHi, I'm Tonia, a lover of food and photography! Fill a gunny sack with\ningredients, tie on an apron and let's get cooking!\n\nDisclosure | Privacy Policy | Nutrition Disclaimer\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Blog Archives\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Tasteful theme by Restored 316\n\nCopyright © 2021 ·Tasteful Theme · Genesis Framework by StudioPress ·\nWordPress · Log in\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210122190047/https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107","parsed_text":{"title":"Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever) Recipe","passages":["(You may add additional butter if desired. Also you may use 1 can of chicken broth instead of bullion. I suggest using bullion)."]},"parsed_md":"Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever) Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / < 15 Mins\n\nCommunity Pick\n\n# Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever)\n\n(206)\n\nRecipe by David Ball\n\nThe creamiest buttered egg noodles you will ever taste. Always a hit and easy\nto prepare.\n\n211\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 10mins\n\nSERVES: 4\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 2\n\nWyler's chicken bouillon cubes\n\n * 1 ^1⁄_2\n\ncups water\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\ncup real butter\n\n * 8\n\nounces egg noodles\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (224) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 4\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 424.8\n\nCalories from Fat 230 g 54 %\n\nTotal Fat 25.6 g 39 %\n\nSaturated Fat 15.3 g 76 %\n\nCholesterol 108.9 mg 36 %\n\nSodium 380.2 mg 15 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 41 g 13 %\n\nDietary Fiber 1.9 g 7 %\n\nSugars 1.1 g 4 %\n\nProtein 8.5 g 17 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Bring water, 2 boullion cubes and 1/2 stick of butter to boil using med to high heat.\n * Add egg noodles.\n * Cook until noodles are desired texture.\n * (About 6-8 minutes) During last minute of cooking add remaining 1/2 stick of butter.\n * (You may add additional butter if desired. Also you may use 1 can of chicken broth instead of bullion. I suggest using bullion).\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nButtered Noodles With Caraway Seeds\n\nby threeovens\n\n(9)\n\nButtered Noodles\n\nby dividend\n\n(10)\n\nButtered Garlic Noodles\n\nby Fluffy\n\n(7)\n\nButtered Noodles With Eggs and Parmesan Cheese\n\nby Marie\n\n(7)\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2021 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210211205230/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/","parsed_text":{"title":"Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles Recipe","passages":["My friend Anna makes the most amazing and easy meatballs with gravy! Prepared in a slow cooker, this recipe couldn't be any easier! Serve over buttery hot cooked noodles and you'll have a happy crowd! Mangia!","Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More","Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again. Read More","Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More","This was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the recipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles put the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on the stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything together. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm terrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER quick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really good!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper! Read More","I made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own meatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian seasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan in oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of mushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk. Heated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good flavor, similar to stroganoff Read More","This is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful. There was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles needed. Read More","I made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked meatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are going to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this recipe. Read More","Love these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be perfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2 weeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to give to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot! Read More","Oh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My coworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it. So easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too! Read More","Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again. Read More","Much too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time I used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth instead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was great. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star... Read More","*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.","(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.","Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again.","This was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the recipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles put the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on the stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything together. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm terrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER quick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really good!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper!","I made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own meatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian seasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan in oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of mushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk. Heated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good flavor, similar to stroganoff","This is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful. There was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles needed.","I made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked meatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are going to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this recipe.","Love these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be perfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2 weeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to give to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot!","Oh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My coworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it. So easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too!","Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.","Much too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time I used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth instead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was great. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star...","Allrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"]},"parsed_md":"Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles Recipe | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Allrecipes\n\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Create a Profile\n * Newsletters\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Your Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nRating: 4.38 stars\n\n525 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 299\n * 4 star values: 159\n * 3 star values: 43\n * 2 star values: 15\n * 1 star values: 9\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Reviews\n\n * 525 Ratings\n * 387 Reviews\n * 16 Photos\n\nMy friend Anna makes the most amazing and easy meatballs with gravy! Prepared\nin a slow cooker, this recipe couldn't be any easier! Serve over buttery hot\ncooked noodles and you'll have a happy crowd! Mangia!\n\nBy QUEENGODDESSNANCE\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\n\\+ 12 12 more images\n\n## Recipe Summary\n\nprep:\n\n15 mins\n\ncook:\n\n3 hrs\n\ntotal:\n\n3 hrs 15 mins\n\nServings:\n\n24\n\nYield:\n\n24 servings\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n24\n\nOriginal recipe yields 24 servings\n\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\n\n## Directions\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n493 calories; protein 25.9g; carbohydrates 38.5g; fat 25.5g; cholesterol\n147.9mg; sodium 591.5mg. Full Nutrition\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Reviews (387)\n\nRead More Reviews\n\n### Most helpful positive review\n\nLisa Michelle\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/06/2007\n\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(214)\n\n### Most helpful critical review\n\nWILLOWDANCE\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n04/01/2007\n\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\n525 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 299\n * 4 star values: 159\n * 3 star values: 43\n * 2 star values: 15\n * 1 star values: 9\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nLisa Michelle\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/05/2007\n\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(214)\n\nJANICEB75\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n04/03/2007\n\nThis was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the\nrecipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead\nof cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles\nput the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on\nthe stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything\ntogether. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm\nterrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER\nquick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really\ngood!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(125)\n\nmichcoff\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n03/27/2008\n\nI made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own\nmeatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian\nseasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan\nin oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of\nmushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk.\nHeated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good\nflavor, similar to stroganoff Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(87)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMatt Colleen Parker\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/11/2007\n\nThis is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful.\nThere was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles\nneeded. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(48)\n\nKJ\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/22/2007\n\nI made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked\nmeatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are\ngoing to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this\nrecipe. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(45)\n\nNicki Rose Robinson\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/02/2008\n\nLove these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be\nperfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2\nweeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to\ngive to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(42)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nlisa p\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/03/2007\n\nOh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My\ncoworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it.\nSo easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(32)\n\nWILLOWDANCE\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n04/01/2007\n\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\ndapen\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n01/21/2011\n\nMuch too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time\nI used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth\ninstead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was\ngreat. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star... Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(22)\n\nMore Reviews\n\nBack to Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\n## All Reviews for Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\n## Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nServings Per Recipe: 24 Calories: 492.5\n\n% Daily Value *\n\nprotein: 25.9g 52 %\n\ncarbohydrates: 38.5g 12 %\n\ndietary fiber: 2g 8 %\n\nsugars: 2.1g\n\nfat: 25.5g 39 %\n\nsaturated fat: 10.9g 55 %\n\ncholesterol: 147.9mg 49 %\n\nvitamin a iu: 335.8IU 7 %\n\nniacin equivalents: 4.2mg 32 %\n\nvitamin b6: 0.2mg 15 %\n\nvitamin c: 0.9mg 1 %\n\nfolate: 101.2mcg 25 %\n\ncalcium: 93.6mg 9 %\n\niron: 3.8mg 21 %\n\nmagnesium: 48.7mg 17 %\n\npotassium: 454.5mg 13 %\n\nsodium: 591.5mg 24 %\n\nthiamin: 0.4mg 41 %\n\ncalories from fat: 229.8\n\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\n\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\non available nutrient data.\n\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\n\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\nReserved\n\n## UGC Reviews Modal\n\n### Reviews for: Photos of Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered\nNoodles\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\n1 of 387\n\nAll Reviews\n\nLisa Michelle\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/05/2007\n\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again.\n\nHelpful\n\n(214)\n\nJANICEB75\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n04/03/2007\n\nThis was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the\nrecipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead\nof cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles\nput the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on\nthe stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything\ntogether. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm\nterrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER\nquick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really\ngood!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper!\n\nHelpful\n\n(125)\n\nmichcoff\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n03/27/2008\n\nI made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own\nmeatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian\nseasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan\nin oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of\nmushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk.\nHeated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good\nflavor, similar to stroganoff\n\nHelpful\n\n(87)\n\nMatt Colleen Parker\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/11/2007\n\nThis is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful.\nThere was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles\nneeded.\n\nHelpful\n\n(48)\n\nKJ\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/22/2007\n\nI made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked\nmeatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are\ngoing to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this\nrecipe.\n\nHelpful\n\n(45)\n\nNicki Rose Robinson\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/02/2008\n\nLove these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be\nperfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2\nweeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to\ngive to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot!\n\nHelpful\n\n(42)\n\nlisa p\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/03/2007\n\nOh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My\ncoworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it.\nSo easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too!\n\nHelpful\n\n(32)\n\nWILLOWDANCE\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n04/01/2007\n\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\ndapen\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n01/21/2011\n\nMuch too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time\nI used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth\ninstead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was\ngreat. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star...\n\nHelpful\n\n(22)\n\n1 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nAndy Ernest\n\n2 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nDavid Washington\n\n3 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nyoshi1\n\n4 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nLeigh Ann Rowan Kiraly\n\n5 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nLucy\n\n6 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nShandy G\n\n7 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nTanisha Cave\n\n8 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nJeanette Worth\n\n9 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nClarice Baker\n\n10 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nCara\n\n11 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nkateshreds\n\n12 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nSherry Knoebel Roberts\n\n13 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nHeather Kaye Allen\n\n14 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nkateshreds\n\n15 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nSuemck\n\n16 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nTanisha Cave\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nReview this recipe\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\nCongrats! You saved Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\nto your Favorites\n\n## Login\n\nAllrecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 02/11/2021\n\n## View image\n\nAnna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124085614/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/","parsed_text":{"title":"Buttered Noodles","passages":["This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More","This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More","This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More","This is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I still make it today~YUM!!!!! Read More","It was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They loved it! Read More","I was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles turned out really good! I didn't need to add anything. Read More","These noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I would make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when I'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You could easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red pepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The sky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil - delicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan accordingly. Read More","NO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do believe quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best. AND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter & noodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great , however the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different taste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as always and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V. Read More","Tasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a strong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me liking some garlic in it too. Read More","7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes. I often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can be. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting. Read More","Definitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best noodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them! Read More","This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More","*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.","(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.","This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles.","This is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I still make it today~YUM!!!!!","I was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles turned out really good! I didn't need to add anything.","These noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I would make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when I'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You could easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red pepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The sky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil - delicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan accordingly.","NO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do believe quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best. AND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter & noodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great , however the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different taste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as always and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.","Tasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a strong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me liking some garlic in it too.","7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes. I often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can be. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.","Definitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best noodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!","This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often.","Allrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"]},"parsed_md":"Buttered Noodles | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Allrecipes\n\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Create a Profile\n * Newsletters\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Your Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Buttered Noodles\n\nRating: 4.5 stars\n\n112 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 77\n * 4 star values: 21\n * 3 star values: 8\n * 2 star values: 5\n * 1 star values: 1\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Reviews\n\n * 112 Ratings\n * 81 Reviews\n * 39 Photos\n\nSuch a simple and delicious recipe, yet I get many questions on how to make\nit.\n\nBy elohel\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\n\\+ 35 35 more images\n\n## Recipe Summary\n\nprep:\n\n5 mins\n\ncook:\n\n10 mins\n\ntotal:\n\n15 mins\n\nServings:\n\n8\n\nYield:\n\n8 servings\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n8\n\nOriginal recipe yields 8 servings\n\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\n\n## Directions\n\n## Cook's Note:\n\nUse 1/4 cup butter for less saucy noodles.\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n294 calories; protein 8.9g; carbohydrates 41.4g; fat 10.9g; cholesterol\n25.8mg; sodium 134.6mg. Full Nutrition\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Reviews (81)\n\nRead More Reviews\n\n### Most helpful positive review\n\ntaelorm\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/10/2016\n\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\nJake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(19)\n\n### Most helpful critical review\n\nDolores Cruz\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n02/27/2020\n\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(1)\n\n112 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 77\n * 4 star values: 21\n * 3 star values: 8\n * 2 star values: 5\n * 1 star values: 1\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\ntaelorm\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/10/2016\n\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\nJake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(19)\n\nChristina\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/22/2015\n\nThis is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I\nstill make it today~YUM!!!!! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(15)\n\nFinn McDonald\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2019\n\nIt was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They\nloved it! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(13)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLisa Noel Rodgers\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n12/28/2015\n\nI was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles\nturned out really good! I didn't need to add anything. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(10)\n\nFrance C\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/28/2015\n\nThese noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I\nwould make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when\nI'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You\ncould easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red\npepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The\nsky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil -\ndelicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan\naccordingly. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(9)\n\ntena11\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/18/2019\n\nNO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do\nbelieve quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best.\nAND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter &\nnoodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great ,\nhowever the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different\ntaste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as\nalways and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLindsay\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/27/2017\n\nTasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a\nstrong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me\nliking some garlic in it too. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nlutzflcat\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/22/2017\n\n7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes.\nI often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can\nbe. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nPeggy\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2018\n\nDefinitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best\nnoodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nDolores Cruz\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n02/27/2020\n\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(1)\n\nMore Reviews\n\nBack to Buttered Noodles\n\n## All Reviews for Buttered Noodles\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\n## Buttered Noodles\n\nServings Per Recipe: 8 Calories: 294.1\n\n% Daily Value *\n\nprotein: 8.9g 18 %\n\ncarbohydrates: 41.4g 13 %\n\ndietary fiber: 1.9g 8 %\n\nsugars: 1.9g\n\nfat: 10.9g 17 %\n\nsaturated fat: 6.3g 32 %\n\ncholesterol: 25.8mg 9 %\n\nvitamin a iu: 280.9IU 6 %\n\nniacin equivalents: 3.7mg 28 %\n\nvitamin b6: 0.1mg 5 %\n\nfolate: 113.2mcg 28 %\n\ncalcium: 51.3mg 5 %\n\niron: 1.7mg 9 %\n\nmagnesium: 28.2mg 10 %\n\npotassium: 112.9mg 3 %\n\nsodium: 134.6mg 5 %\n\ncalories from fat: 98.1\n\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\n\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\non available nutrient data.\n\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\n\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\nReserved\n\n## UGC Reviews Modal\n\n### Reviews for: Photos of Buttered Noodles\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\n1 of 81\n\nAll Reviews\n\ntaelorm\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/10/2016\n\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\nJake and mixed it in the noodles.\n\nHelpful\n\n(19)\n\nChristina\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/22/2015\n\nThis is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I\nstill make it today~YUM!!!!!\n\nHelpful\n\n(15)\n\nFinn McDonald\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2019\n\nIt was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They\nloved it!\n\nHelpful\n\n(13)\n\nLisa Noel Rodgers\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n12/28/2015\n\nI was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles\nturned out really good! I didn't need to add anything.\n\nHelpful\n\n(10)\n\nFrance C\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/28/2015\n\nThese noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I\nwould make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when\nI'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You\ncould easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red\npepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The\nsky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil -\ndelicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan\naccordingly.\n\nHelpful\n\n(9)\n\ntena11\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/18/2019\n\nNO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do\nbelieve quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best.\nAND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter &\nnoodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great ,\nhowever the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different\ntaste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as\nalways and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nLindsay\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/27/2017\n\nTasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a\nstrong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me\nliking some garlic in it too.\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nlutzflcat\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/22/2017\n\n7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes.\nI often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can\nbe. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nPeggy\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2018\n\nDefinitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best\nnoodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nDolores Cruz\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n02/27/2020\n\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often.\n\nHelpful\n\n(1)\n\n1 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nSevana\n\n2 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nDog Dogs\n\n3 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nMadalynn Kathrine Fischer\n\n4 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nRochelle Shaw\n\n5 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nShantiara Randle\n\n6 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nIsabel Ponce Wong\n\n7 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nCrystal Morgan\n\n8 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nYoly\n\n9 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nMadalynn Kathrine Fischer\n\n10 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nItsTiekaBee\n\n11 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nVanessa Bailey\n\n12 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nSat09\n\n13 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nValeria\n\n14 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nAllrecipes Magazine\n\n15 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nkmiranda1\n\n16 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nYoly\n\n17 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nYoly\n\n18 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nRenee Koziski\n\n19 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\ntaelorm\n\n20 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nnetty0118\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nReview this recipe\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\nCongrats! You saved Buttered Noodles to your Favorites\n\n## Login\n\nAllrecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 01/24/2021\n\n## View image\n\nButtered Noodles\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816195005/http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Get this recipe on your mobile device! Cozi, the must-have calendar and organizing app for families, has this recipe, plus many more easy weeknight dinner ideas. Find Cozi in the app store, or sign up on the web. It’s free!\",\n \"Heat a large saute pan over medium-high heat and add 2-3 tablespoons butter. When butter is melted, add the chicken strips and cook, stirring frequently, until cooked through, 3-5 minutes.\",\n \"Remove the chicken to a dish. Add onion to the pan and cook until soft, about 1 to 2 minutes.\",\n \"Add chicken broth to pan and bring to a boil. Add lemon juice and boil until mixture is reduced to about 1/3 cup (4 to 5 minutes).\",\n \"Return chicken to pan and heat through. Serve with egg noodles and a side of leafy greens or steamed veggies.\",\n \"The #1 organizing app for families. FREE app and website to manage the family calendar, lists, and to dos - all in one place.\",\n \"Showing you the tool that has made our life better because I love you. If you are looking for a way to organize the family calendar and grocery list and to-do lists, you will thank me today. If you have that under control, you can ignore me today. This is not a sponsored post. I’m just sharing because I love you. Cozi has made my life my organized. For real! Any other loyal Cozi users out there wanna back me up? #familycalendar #cozi #grocerylist #todolist #momlife #organization #recommended #sharingiscaring\",\n \"Cozi is part of the Parents Network. ©2006-2018 Cozi Inc. All rights reserved. FAMILY LIFE. SIMPLIFIED. is a registered trademark of Cozi Inc.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles | Cozi Family Organizer\\n\\n * Log in to Cozi\\n * Sign up for Cozi\\n\\nSelect Page\\n\\n# Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles\\n\\nMar 14, 2016 | Recipes\\n\\n##### This extremely simple but delicious lemon butter chicken is perfect for\\nnights when you want an easy chicken dish, but haven’t planned ahead with a\\nmarinade.\\n\\nGet this recipe on your mobile device! Cozi, the must-have calendar and\\norganizing app for families, has this recipe, plus many more easy weeknight\\ndinner ideas. Find Cozi in the app store, or sign up on the web. It’s free!\\n\\n### Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles\\n\\nPrep Time:\\n\\n20 minutes | Yield: 4-6 servings\\n\\n###### Ingredients\\n\\n * 4 chicken breast halves, skinned and boned\\n * 1/3 cup flour\\n * 4-6 tablespoons butter, divided\\n * 2 tablespoons finely chopped onion\\n * 1 cup chicken broth\\n * 3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice\\n * 1 package egg noodles\\n\\n###### Instructions\\n\\n 1. Slice chicken crosswise into narrow strips. Coat strips lightly with flour.\\n 2. Heat a large saute pan over medium-high heat and add 2-3 tablespoons butter. When butter is melted, add the chicken strips and cook, stirring frequently, until cooked through, 3-5 minutes.\\n 3. Meanwhile, cook egg noodles according to package directions, drain and lightly butter.\\n 4. Remove the chicken to a dish. Add onion to the pan and cook until soft, about 1 to 2 minutes.\\n 5. Add chicken broth to pan and bring to a boil. Add lemon juice and boil until mixture is reduced to about 1/3 cup (4 to 5 minutes).\\n 6. Remove from heat and add remaining 2-3 tablespoons butter.\\n 7. Return chicken to pan and heat through. Serve with egg noodles and a side of leafy greens or steamed veggies.\\n\\nQuestions or comments? Contact us or join the conversation on Facebook.\\n\\n#### Our Products\\n\\nCozi Family Organizer\\n\\nThe #1 organizing app for families. FREE app and website to manage the family\\ncalendar, lists, and to dos - all in one place. \\n--- \\n \\nCozi Gold\\n\\nGet everything in free Cozi, plus an ad-free experience and premium features.\\n\\\"Worth every penny.\\\" --Charlene M. \\n--- \\n \\n#### What our fans are saying about Cozi\\n\\n> Showing you the tool that has made our life better because I love you. If\\n> you are looking for a way to organize the family calendar and grocery list\\n> and to-do lists, you will thank me today. If you have that under control,\\n> you can ignore me today. This is not a sponsored post. I’m just sharing\\n> because I love you. Cozi has made my life my organized. For real! Any other\\n> loyal Cozi users out there wanna back me up? #familycalendar #cozi\\n> #grocerylist #todolist #momlife #organization #recommended #sharingiscaring\\n>\\n> A post shared by Dawn (@comeoverforcoffee) on Apr 6, 2018 at 5:28am PDT\\n\\nFollow us @CoziFamily\\n\\n#### Follow Us\\n\\n * Facebook\\n\\n * Twitter\\n\\n * Pinterest\\n\\n * Instagram\\n\\n#### Recent Posts\\n\\n * School is Starting! Here’s How Parents are Preparing for the Transition\\n * Back to School To Do List for a Smooth (and Fun) Start to the School Year\\n * Add The 2018 World Cup Schedule to Your Cozi Calendar\\n * New in Cozi: Dinner Picks from Rachel Hollis\\n * Spring Sports are Coming! 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All rights reserved.\\nFAMILY LIFE. SIMPLIFIED. is a registered trademark of Cozi Inc.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210119171008/https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Spicy Southern Kitchen\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"These Buttered Noodles are positively addicting. Cooked in chicken broth and butter with a bouillon cube and garlic powder, they soak up so much delicious, salty flavor.\",\n \"The key to really getting flavorful noodles is to not use any water and to cook them in as little liquid as possible. So little liquid that it’s not even necessary to drain them.\",\n \"In order to get them to cook evenly, you need to cook them in a large nonstick pan and stir frequently because they won’t be completely submerged in liquid.\",\n \"These Buttered Noodles are on the salty side which is one of the things I find so appealing about them.\",\n \"Buttered Noodles make a super inexpensive side dish that is so delicious everyone will want to eat it as a main dish.\",\n \"They have plenty of flavor as is, but if you want to, sprinkle them with a little chopped parsley and grated Parmesan cheese.\",\n \"Combine broth, water, bouillon cube, and half the stick of butter in a large nonstick skillet. Bring to a boil.\",\n \"Add noodles and cook, stirring frequently for about 8 minutes. (Note: Turn the heat down so the liquid does not boil vigorously and evaporate too quickly. Add more water if necessary.\",\n \"Add garlic powder and remaining butter and stir well. Remove from heat and season with pepper and sprinkle with parsley.\",\n \"The finished noodles will be fairly salty. If you want them less salty, use reduced sodium broth or a reduced sodium bouillon cube.\",\n \"I’ve just made this. I only cooked my noodles less than 7 minutes, and they’re mush! My husband won’t eat this crap, and my 5 year old probably won’t either. I’m going to eat it only because I hate wasting food.\",\n \"My daughters and I are obsessed with this. I add some deli meat and frozen vegetables and call it a meal. It’s not healthy...but it’s delicious.\",\n \"I made these tonight using salt -free butter, salt-free chicken bouillon, and low sodium chicken broth. I also added some finely diced onion. I added the butter after the noodles were cooked. It seemed to make the sauce creamier. Final additions were black pepper and Brendachopped chives, since I don’t care for parsley. This is a keeper!\",\n \"I’ve taken the lazy way out for years by making the convenient package buttered noodles. I saw this recipe and decided to give it a try. It was simple and delicious! I used Better Than Bullion because I didn’t have any bullion cubes. Needless to say, it was a HUGE hit with the family. No more package noodles in this household!\",\n \"These were very well done! I used gluten free egg noodles, chicken broth and the stick of butter. Instead of parsley, I used Italian seasoning, and then combined the noodles with frozen, lightly sauces vegetables. The result was amazing! So creamy and satisfying. Thanks again!\",\n \"What an easy and delicious recipe. I only used half of one chicken bouillon because I don’t like things salty and it turned out perfect for my taste. I cannot believe the final consistency of this dish, so creamy and smooth. I actually thought it was going to turn out more soupy than it did. Definitely will be adding this to my side dish rotation! Thanks for sharing!\",\n \"We had this as a side with a Italian pork chop dish and it was perfect. We sprinkled a bit of dried parsley for colour. I think we finally found our go to Butter noodle recipe\",\n \"These were fabulous. I mostly followed the recipe EXCEPT that I was stupid and made these in a pot rather than a skillet. The only other change was that I didn’t have bouillion, but I did have instant chicken consomme, and I used a little over a teaspoon of that instead. Hubby thought they could have been more “chickeny,” and I reminded him they were buttered noodles, not chicken noodles. Will add this recipe to my arsenal. Thank you!\",\n \"I added some canned chicken to this recipe and an extra bouillon pack (I have sodium free packs) and it was delicious! Definitely will be making this again!\",\n \"This was so delicious and easy. My husband is so picky he really enjoyed these buttery noodles he beat me to the leftovers the next day.thank you.\",\n \"Is anybody out there listening? My daughter wants me to make this for dinner and I only have elbow macaroni or Rotini.\",\n \"I just made these noodles for dinner and I have been picking at them. This is the first time I have mande noodles like this and they came out delish. I am really pleased with the dish and if theres any left before dinner I am sure the gang will love them tooo.\",\n \"Made these as a side dish with Barbecued Pork. Sorry to say, but these were bland and tasteless. None of my family liked the noodles and we are pasta lovers. Maybe some additional ingredients may be required to give it a big lift, but these were not for us. Thanks for the recipe anyway as I love to try new things.\",\n \"Aww...really? I was gonna make them with my tilapia for dinner tomorrow. I figured they would be full of flavor because of all the ingredients it calls for. Looks like I will stick to white rice..\",\n \"Maybe the BBQ sauce over powered the flavors of the noodles. I am definitely giving this a try tonight with baked chicken.\",\n \"Needed to add extra salt and seasoning otherwise it was very bland. It did have a subtle “chicken-y ” taste , but the flavoring was not savory enough to satiate our tastebuds. I could not eat this pasta alone, Ben, without actual savory chicken bits.\",\n \"Pasta with a fair amount of salt is music to my ears! I love the simplicity and versatility of this pasta, Christine.\",\n \"This is so handy as a side for so many things...and great tips on how to do it right. Sounds incredibly flavorful!\",\n \"I love the looks of these noodles, Christin! My brother always loved buttered noodles growing up, so this is reminding me of my childhood. Sounds like a simple and delicious dish!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Buttered Noodles - Spicy Southern Kitchen\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n# Buttered Noodles\\n\\nPosted on February 15, 2016May 14, 2020 by Christin Mahrlig\\n\\nSharing is caring!\\n\\n7293shares\\n\\n * Share\\n * Tweet\\n * Pin\\n\\nThese Buttered Noodles are positively addicting. Cooked in chicken broth and\\nbutter with a bouillon cube and garlic powder, they soak up so much delicious,\\nsalty flavor.\\n\\nThe key to really getting flavorful noodles is to not use any water and to\\ncook them in as little liquid as possible. So little liquid that it’s not even\\nnecessary to drain them.\\n\\nIn order to get them to cook evenly, you need to cook them in a large nonstick\\npan and stir frequently because they won’t be completely submerged in liquid.\\n\\nThese Buttered Noodles are on the salty side which is one of the things I find\\nso appealing about them.\\n\\nIf you’re worried they will be too salty, use either low-sodium broth or a\\nlow-sodium bouillon cube.\\n\\nButtered Noodles make a super inexpensive side dish that is so delicious\\neveryone will want to eat it as a main dish.\\n\\nThey have plenty of flavor as is, but if you want to, sprinkle them with a\\nlittle chopped parsley and grated Parmesan cheese.\\n\\n### Never miss a recipe. Follow Spicy Southern Kitchen on Pinterest and\\nFacebook.\\n\\n## Buttered Noodles\\n\\nCourse: Side Dish\\n\\nPrep Time: 5 minutes\\n\\nCook Time: 8 minutes\\n\\nTotal Time: 13 minutes\\n\\nServings: 6 servings\\n\\nCalories: 353kcal\\n\\nAuthor: Christin Mahrlig\\n\\nButtered Noodles soak up lots of delicious salty flavor from cooking in\\nchicken broth and chicken bouillon.\\n\\nPrint Recipe\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 1 (14.5-ounce) can chicken broth\\n * 1 cup water\\n * 1 chicken or beef bouillon cube\\n * 1 stick butter, divided\\n * 1 (12-ounce) package wide egg noodles\\n * 1/4 teaspoon garlic powder\\n * freshly ground black pepper\\n * chopped parsley\\n\\n### Instructions\\n\\n * Combine broth, water, bouillon cube, and half the stick of butter in a large nonstick skillet. Bring to a boil.\\n\\n * Add noodles and cook, stirring frequently for about 8 minutes. (Note: Turn the heat down so the liquid does not boil vigorously and evaporate too quickly. Add more water if necessary.\\n\\n * Add garlic powder and remaining butter and stir well. Remove from heat and season with pepper and sprinkle with parsley.\\n\\n### Notes\\n\\nThe finished noodles will be fairly salty. If you want them less salty, use\\nreduced sodium broth or a reduced sodium bouillon cube.\\n\\n### Nutrition\\n\\nCalories: 353kcal\\n\\n## Buttered Noodles go great with:\\n\\nHoney Bourbon Steak Tips\\n\\n## More Noodle Recipes\\n\\nCabbage and Noodles\\n\\nCrock Pot Beef and Noodles\\n\\nDisclosure: This post contains affiliate links.\\n\\nThis entry was posted in Side Dishes and tagged pasta. Bookmark the permalink.\\n\\n## 33 thoughts on “Buttered Noodles”\\n\\n 1. Chelle says:\\n\\nAugust 27, 2020 at 5:51 pm\\n\\nI’ve just made this. I only cooked my noodles less than 7 minutes, and they’re\\nmush! My husband won’t eat this crap, and my 5 year old probably won’t either.\\nI’m going to eat it only because I hate wasting food.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. megs283 says:\\n\\nOctober 8, 2019 at 11:59 am\\n\\nMy daughters and I are obsessed with this. I add some deli meat and frozen\\nvegetables and call it a meal. It’s not healthy...but it’s delicious.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Brenda L Middleton says:\\n\\nOctober 5, 2019 at 9:54 pm\\n\\nI made these tonight using salt -free butter, salt-free chicken bouillon, and\\nlow sodium chicken broth. I also added some finely diced onion. I added the\\nbutter after the noodles were cooked. It seemed to make the sauce creamier.\\nFinal additions were black pepper and Brendachopped chives, since I don’t care\\nfor parsley. This is a keeper!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 4. Susan S. says:\\n\\nSeptember 10, 2019 at 5:43 pm\\n\\nI’ve taken the lazy way out for years by making the convenient package\\nbuttered noodles. I saw this recipe and decided to give it a try. It was\\nsimple and delicious! I used Better Than Bullion because I didn’t have any\\nbullion cubes. Needless to say, it was a HUGE hit with the family. No more\\npackage noodles in this household!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 5. Wanda says:\\n\\nAugust 17, 2019 at 1:19 pm\\n\\nMade these with beef stroganoff yummo!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 6. Linda says:\\n\\nJuly 30, 2019 at 6:56 pm\\n\\nDo I cook this w the lid off?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Elizabeth says:\\n\\nApril 17, 2020 at 4:10 pm\\n\\nI did and they were just dandy!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 7. My says:\\n\\nJune 30, 2019 at 12:02 pm\\n\\nCan this be made ahead and reheated?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 8. Jenn says:\\n\\nApril 26, 2019 at 8:03 pm\\n\\nI added Tony Chachere’s and omg, the kids loved it! I’m a happy momma 😊\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 9. Mouse says:\\n\\nApril 18, 2019 at 1:04 pm\\n\\nThese were very well done! I used gluten free egg noodles, chicken broth and\\nthe stick of butter. Instead of parsley, I used Italian seasoning, and then\\ncombined the noodles with frozen, lightly sauces vegetables. The result was\\namazing! So creamy and satisfying. Thanks again!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 10. gemccowin says:\\n\\nNovember 16, 2018 at 11:17 am\\n\\nWhat an easy and delicious recipe. I only used half of one chicken bouillon\\nbecause I don’t like things salty and it turned out perfect for my taste. I\\ncannot believe the final consistency of this dish, so creamy and smooth. I\\nactually thought it was going to turn out more soupy than it did. Definitely\\nwill be adding this to my side dish rotation! Thanks for sharing!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 11. Mark says:\\n\\nOctober 29, 2018 at 12:05 pm\\n\\nWe had this as a side with a Italian pork chop dish and it was perfect. We\\nsprinkled a bit of dried parsley for colour. I think we finally found our go\\nto Butter noodle recipe\\n\\nThanks for posting\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 12. Kristen T Coppla says:\\n\\nSeptember 11, 2018 at 8:03 pm\\n\\nCan you use other pasta?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 13. veb says:\\n\\nSeptember 9, 2018 at 12:02 am\\n\\nThese were fabulous. I mostly followed the recipe EXCEPT that I was stupid and\\nmade these in a pot rather than a skillet. The only other change was that I\\ndidn’t have bouillion, but I did have instant chicken consomme, and I used a\\nlittle over a teaspoon of that instead. Hubby thought they could have been\\nmore “chickeny,” and I reminded him they were buttered noodles, not chicken\\nnoodles. Will add this recipe to my arsenal. Thank you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 14. Autumn says:\\n\\nMarch 8, 2018 at 4:22 am\\n\\nI added some canned chicken to this recipe and an extra bouillon pack (I have\\nsodium free packs) and it was delicious! Definitely will be making this again!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 15. Dora Clay says:\\n\\nFebruary 26, 2018 at 3:23 pm\\n\\nThis was so delicious and easy. My husband is so picky he really enjoyed these\\nbuttery noodles he beat me to the leftovers the next day.thank you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 16. Phathead phred says:\\n\\nFebruary 24, 2018 at 1:20 pm\\n\\nJust made this...it was AWESOME!. Simple, quick, and tasty. Thank you for\\nposting.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 17. Jayme says:\\n\\nJanuary 9, 2018 at 12:46 am\\n\\nWhen you say stick do you mean 1/2 or 1 cup?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Christin Mahrlig says:\\n\\nJanuary 9, 2018 at 10:39 am\\n\\n1/2 cup of butter\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 18. Margie Nagel says:\\n\\nJune 29, 2017 at 8:13 pm\\n\\nIs anybody out there listening? My daughter wants me to make this for dinner\\nand I only have elbow macaroni or Rotini.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Erica says:\\n\\nNovember 5, 2017 at 4:53 pm\\n\\nI used rotini before for thanks it worked just fine\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Brooke Brisson says:\\n\\nMay 3, 2019 at 5:29 pm\\n\\nI used actual spaghetti noodles\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 19. Annie S. says:\\n\\nJune 2, 2017 at 4:20 pm\\n\\nI just made these noodles for dinner and I have been picking at them. This is\\nthe first time I have mande noodles like this and they came out delish. I am\\nreally pleased with the dish and if theres any left before dinner I am sure\\nthe gang will love them tooo.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 20. Olivia C Cash says:\\n\\nMarch 26, 2017 at 3:22 pm\\n\\nJust made this recipe and fresh parsley, it was delicious!! Thanks for\\nsharing, it was easy and quick!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 21. Brenda says:\\n\\nOctober 27, 2016 at 9:28 am\\n\\nMade these as a side dish with Barbecued Pork. Sorry to say, but these were\\nbland and tasteless. None of my family liked the noodles and we are pasta\\nlovers. Maybe some additional ingredients may be required to give it a big\\nlift, but these were not for us. Thanks for the recipe anyway as I love to try\\nnew things.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Christina says:\\n\\nJanuary 22, 2017 at 9:09 pm\\n\\nAww...really? I was gonna make them with my tilapia for dinner tomorrow. I\\nfigured they would be full of flavor because of all the ingredients it calls\\nfor. Looks like I will stick to white rice..\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Ben says:\\n\\nJune 10, 2018 at 6:57 am\\n\\nYou should of just kept that to your self. Who cares what you think.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Melissa says:\\n\\nJuly 9, 2018 at 1:26 pm\\n\\nMaybe the BBQ sauce over powered the flavors of the noodles. I am definitely\\ngiving this a try tonight with baked chicken.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Rob says:\\n\\nAugust 9, 2018 at 1:13 am\\n\\nNeeded to add extra salt and seasoning otherwise it was very bland. It did\\nhave a subtle “chicken-y ” taste , but the flavoring was not savory enough to\\nsatiate our tastebuds. I could not eat this pasta alone, Ben, without actual\\nsavory chicken bits.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 22. Mary Frances says:\\n\\nFebruary 17, 2016 at 2:59 pm\\n\\nYummy!! The food looks so appetizing. Absolutely love it 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 23. Thao @ In Good Flavor says:\\n\\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 9:52 pm\\n\\nPasta with a fair amount of salt is music to my ears! I love the simplicity\\nand versatility of this pasta, Christine.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 24. Monica says:\\n\\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 8:55 pm\\n\\nThis is so handy as a side for so many things...and great tips on how to do it\\nright. Sounds incredibly flavorful!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 25. Gayle @ Pumpkin 'N Spice says:\\n\\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 7:04 am\\n\\nI love the looks of these noodles, Christin! My brother always loved buttered\\nnoodles growing up, so this is reminding me of my childhood. Sounds like a\\nsimple and delicious dish!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n# About the Author\\n\\nMy name is Christin and trying new foods and experimenting in the kitchen are\\nmy greatest passions.\\n\\n# Recent Posts\\n\\n * Paprika Potatoes Recipe\\n * Easy Blueberry Pie Coffee Cake\\n * Hamburger Steaks with Mushroom Gravy\\n * Bananas Foster Cake Recipe\\n * Mardi Gras Pasta\\n\\n© 2013-2021 Spicy Southern Kitchen | All rights reserved | Privacy Policy\\n\\nMENU\\n\\n * Home\\n * About\\n * Recipe Index\\n\\n * Recipes by Category\\n * Recipes by Ingredient\\n * Travel\\n * Resources\\n * Contact\\n * Search\\n\\n7293shares\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210125182203/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Who doesn’t love buttered noodles? The only problem I have with them is that I can easily eat them all if they’re set before me.\",\n \"Noodles, butter, Parm, and parsley. That’s it, with a little salt and pepper. Serve them with chicken, pork chops, or steak. Make extra!\",\n \"1 Cook the noodles: Heat 2 quarts of water with 1 Tbsp kosher salt in a large pot on high heat until boiling. Add the egg noodles. Cook for 5 minutes. Reserve 1/4 cup of the pasta cooking liquid and drain the noodles.\",\n \"2 Add butter, cheese, parsley: Place the drained hot noodles in a large bowl. Add the butter and Parmesan and stir until the butter has melted. Stir in a tablespoon or two of the pasta cooking water. Stir in the chopped parsley. Add salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste.\",\n \"Hello! All photos and content are copyright protected. Please do not use our photos without prior written permission. Thank you!\",\n \"This post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via these links can benefit Simply Recipes. Read more about our affiliate linking policy.\",\n \"Elise Bauer is the founder of Simply Recipes. Elise launched Simply Recipes in 2003 as a way to keep track of her family's recipes, and along the way grew it into one of the most popular cooking websites in the world. Elise is dedicated to helping home cooks be successful in the kitchen. Elise is a graduate of Stanford University, and lives in Sacramento, California.\",\n \"post_id| post_title| score| ingredient_score| course_score| recipe-type_score| season_score| cuisine_score| special_diet_score| ingredient_terms| course_terms| recipe-type_terms| season_terms| cuisine_terms| special_diet_terms ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 36935| Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet| 15.50| 14.00| 0.00| 1.50| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food,Kid-friendly 2005| Beef Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food 1866| Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget 168442| Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food 81447| Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget 13195| Turkey Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food\",\n \"Your comment may need to be approved before it will appear on the site. Thanks for waiting. First time commenting? Please review the Comment Policy.\",\n \"* Sara Bir\\nHi Chelsi, the recipe calls for half a pound of noodles, which is 8 ounces. So with a 12-ounce bag, you’ll need to increase the other ingredients up 1.5 times. Does that make sense? If you don’t want to do the math, just use a little extra of everything :)\",\n \"Followed the recipe, and it’s good, but my noodles are soggy. I even timed them so they wouldn’t over cook. Any tips of tricks?\",\n \"Sorry to hear about the soggy noodles. My tip is to just check the doneness of any pasta/noodles as they cook. Set your timer early and keep tasting noodles as the boil. (As long as you don’t burn your tongue!) Drain them when they are just a tad toothy, as they will continue to absorb liquid afterwards.\",\n \"Made this as a side for slow cooker pot roast, which came out really yummy. Followed the recipe exactly with the addition of garlic powder & changing the cheese from Parm. to Romano. This is a keeper in my recipe file. Thank you for an awesome recipe.\",\n \"These were great and easy. I added a dab of cayenne pepper to mine just for a little kick. Thanks for sharing a great recipe.\",\n \"Just to let you know – I made these tonight ( adding 1 tbsp or so of chopped shallot ) and my husband said that he didn’t know what I had done but the noodles were perfect. Thank you for the recipe.\",\n \"I would make them from time to time, but lately my family has been requesting them more often. Fast and simple for a weeknight, what’s not to love!\",\n \"I love buttered noodles, but it will taste better if you take a cast iron frying pan and melt the butter in it, then take and pour in some itialan style bread crumbs and brown them, then add the noodles and toss together\",\n \"We love buttered noodles. I usually fry some bacon, press it on paper towels, chop it finely, add quite a bit more Parmesan cheese. Toss all together. It is still my kids favorite meal... and they are in their thirties.\",\n \"My grandmother would make something like this but she’d cut plain sandwich bread into little pieces and fry that in the butter until crispy before tossing it into the noodles. That little extra dimension made it twice as good!\",\n \"We love buttered noodle also and sometimes I will add minced garlic in the jar to it. Family loves it this way also. I have also added Italian seasoning along with butter and garlic..I never use anything but real butter in my cooking.\",\n \"I confess. I’ve never made buttered noodles before! Not even sure I’ve ever eaten them before... Nonetheless, was won over by both your comments and the pictures, so I’m going to try it next week for Rosh Ha’Shana. One question, though – if there are any leftovers, will they keep in the fridge till the next day? Wish me luck!\",\n \"* · Reply\\n\\n* Elise Bauer\\nHi Arlene, they’ll keep for several days in the fridge. I just reheat them in the microwave.\",\n \"We’re here to help you put dinner (and breakfast and lunch) on the table with less stress and more joy. Pull up a chair!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe | SimplyRecipes.com\\n\\nHave these ingredients delivered or schedule pickup SAME DAY!\\n\\nDid you know you can save this recipe and order the ingredients for same day\\ndelivery or pickup?\\n\\nAdded to Shopping List!Add to Shopping List\\n\\nShop Home About Recipe Index\\n\\n * Simply Recipes on Facebook\\n * Simply Recipes on Pinterest\\n * Simply Recipes on Twitter\\n * Simply Recipes on Instagram\\n\\nSimply Recipes Food and Cooking Blog\\n\\nJump to Recipe\\n\\nSaved List\\n\\nSaved Shopping List\\n\\nBrowse Recipes:\\n\\nFeatured\\n\\n * Healthy Eating\\n * Best Soups and Stews\\n * Vegetarian Dinner Recipes\\n * Weekly Meal Plans\\n * Cooking for Two\\n * Eat Your Food! (Kid-friendly)\\n * Editors' Favorite Tools & Equipment\\n * Produce Guides\\n\\nSpecial Diets\\n\\n * Allergy-Friendly\\n * Dairy-Free\\n * Gluten-Free\\n * Healthy\\n * Low Carb\\n * Paleo\\n * Vegan\\n * Vegetarian\\n\\nIngredient\\n\\n * Beef\\n * Cheese\\n * Chicken\\n * Egg\\n * Fish\\n * Fruit\\n * Lamb\\n * Pasta and Noodles\\n * Pork\\n * Rice\\n * Seafood\\n * Turkey\\n * Vegetables\\n\\nCourse\\n\\n * Appetizer\\n * Breakfast\\n * Brunch\\n * Dessert\\n * Dinner\\n * Drink\\n * Lunch\\n * Salad\\n * Sandwich\\n * Side Dish\\n * Snack\\n * Soup\\n * Stew\\n\\nCuisine\\n\\n * African\\n * Basque\\n * Belgian\\n * Brazilian\\n * British\\n * Cajun\\n * Cambodian\\n * Chinese\\n * Cowboy\\n * Creole\\n * Danish\\n * Ethiopian\\n * French\\n * German\\n * Greek\\n * Hawaiian\\n * Hungarian\\n * Indian\\n * Irish\\n * Italian\\n * Jamaican\\n * Japanese\\n * Jewish\\n * Korean\\n * Latin American\\n * Mediterranean\\n * Mexican\\n * Middle Eastern\\n * Moroccan\\n * New England\\n * New Orleans\\n * Persian\\n * Polish\\n * Portuguese\\n * Provencal\\n * Puerto Rican\\n * Southern\\n * Southwestern\\n * Spanish\\n * Swedish\\n * TexMex\\n * Thai\\n * Vietnamese\\n\\nSeason\\n\\n * Birthday\\n * Christmas\\n * Easter\\n * Father's Day\\n * Favorite Fall\\n * Favorite Spring\\n * Favorite Summer\\n * Favorite Winter\\n * Fourth of July\\n * Game Day\\n * Halloween\\n * Hanukkah\\n * Holiday\\n * Lent\\n * Mardi Gras\\n * Mother's Day\\n * New Year's\\n * Passover\\n * St. Patrick's Day\\n * Super Bowl\\n * Thanksgiving\\n * Valentine's Day\\n\\nType\\n\\n * 1-Pot\\n * Air Fryer\\n * BBQ\\n * Baking\\n * Budget\\n * Candy\\n * Canning\\n * Casserole\\n * Comfort Food\\n * Condiment\\n * Cookie\\n * Deep Fried\\n * Dip\\n * Freezer-friendly\\n * Grill\\n * How To\\n * Instant Pot\\n * Jams and Jellies\\n * Kid-friendly\\n * Make-ahead\\n * Microwave\\n * Pantry Meal\\n * Pressure Cooker\\n * Quick and Easy\\n * Restaurant Favorite\\n * Salsa\\n * Sauce\\n * Sheet Pan Dinner\\n * Skillet Recipe\\n * Slow Cooker\\n * Sous Vide\\n * Stir-fry\\n\\nRecipe Index\\n\\nShop\\n\\n * Simply Recipes on Facebook\\n * Simply Recipes on Pinterest\\n * Simply Recipes on Twitter\\n * Simply Recipes on Instagram\\n\\nby Elise Bauer\\n\\nSave It Saved Jump to Recipe\\n\\n# Easy Buttered Noodles\\n\\nxxxxxyyyyy614 comments\\n\\nSide DishKid-friendlyVegetarianEgg Noodles\\n\\n##\\n\\nEasy buttered egg noodles with grated Parmesan cheese, parsley, and plenty of\\nbutter!\\n\\nPhotography Credit: Elise Bauer\\n\\nWho doesn’t love buttered noodles? The only problem I have with them is that I\\ncan easily eat them all if they’re set before me.\\n\\nNoodles, butter, Parm, and parsley. That’s it, with a little salt and pepper.\\nServe them with chicken, pork chops, or steak. Make extra!\\n\\n### Our Favorite Videos\\n\\nFollow me on Pinterest\\n\\nSave It Saved Print\\n\\n## Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe\\n\\n * Prep time: 10 minutes\\n * Cook time: 8 minutes\\n * Yield: Serves 4\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 1/2 pound egg noodles\\n * 2 Tbsp butter\\n * 2 Tbsp grated Parmesan cheese\\n * 1 Tbsp chopped fresh parsley\\n * Salt and pepper to taste\\n\\n### Method\\n\\n1 Cook the noodles: Heat 2 quarts of water with 1 Tbsp kosher salt in a large\\npot on high heat until boiling. Add the egg noodles. Cook for 5 minutes.\\nReserve 1/4 cup of the pasta cooking liquid and drain the noodles.\\n\\n2 Add butter, cheese, parsley: Place the drained hot noodles in a large bowl.\\nAdd the butter and Parmesan and stir until the butter has melted. Stir in a\\ntablespoon or two of the pasta cooking water. Stir in the chopped parsley. Add\\nsalt and freshly ground black pepper to taste.\\n\\nHello! All photos and content are copyright protected. Please do not use our\\nphotos without prior written permission. Thank you!\\n\\nSave It Saved Print\\n\\n#### Products We Love\\n\\n### Pasta Pot with Insert\\n\\n$149.99 on Amazon\\n\\n### Microplane Coarse Grater\\n\\n$15.23 (43% savings) on Amazon\\n\\nThis post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via\\nthese links can benefit Simply Recipes. Read more about our affiliate linking\\npolicy.\\n\\nElise Bauer\\n\\nElise Bauer is the founder of Simply Recipes. Elise launched Simply Recipes in\\n2003 as a way to keep track of her family's recipes, and along the way grew it\\ninto one of the most popular cooking websites in the world. Elise is dedicated\\nto helping home cooks be successful in the kitchen. Elise is a graduate of\\nStanford University, and lives in Sacramento, California.\\n\\nMore from Elise\\n\\nFiled under: Side DishBudgetComfort FoodKid-friendlyVegetarianEgg NoodlesPasta\\nand Noodles\\n\\npost_id| post_title| score| ingredient_score| course_score| recipe-type_score|\\nseason_score| cuisine_score| special_diet_score| ingredient_terms|\\ncourse_terms| recipe-type_terms| season_terms| cuisine_terms|\\nspecial_diet_terms \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n36935| Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet| 15.50| 14.00| 0.00| 1.50| 0.00| 0.00|\\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food,Kid-friendly \\n2005| Beef Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg\\nNoodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \\n1866| Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget \\n168442| Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \\n81447| Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget \\n13195| Turkey Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00|\\nEgg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \\n \\n### You may also like\\n\\n 1. Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet\\n\\n 2. Beef Noodle Casserole\\n\\n 3. Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles\\n\\n 4. Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole\\n\\n 5. Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff\\n\\n 6. Turkey Noodle Casserole\\n\\n### 20 Comments / Reviews\\n\\n### Easy Buttered Noodles Cancel reply\\n\\nYour comment may need to be approved before it will appear on the site. Thanks\\nfor waiting. First time commenting? Please review the Comment Policy.\\n\\n 1. Leah\\n\\nJust made it so goooood\\n\\n * October 30, 2020\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 2. Chelsi T\\n\\nDoes the recipe change, if I use the whole bag (12oz) of no yolk buttered\\nnoodles?\\n\\n * October 25, 2020\\n * · Reply\\n\\nShow Replies (1)\\n\\n * Sara Bir\\n\\nHi Chelsi, the recipe calls for half a pound of noodles, which is 8 ounces. So\\nwith a 12-ounce bag, you’ll need to increase the other ingredients up 1.5\\ntimes. Does that make sense? If you don’t want to do the math, just use a\\nlittle extra of everything :)\\n\\n * October 26, 2020\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 3. Nikki\\n\\nHad a craving and followed this recipe. So glad I did! Won’t be making butter\\nnoodles any other way!!\\n\\nxxxxxyyyyy\\n\\n * October 15, 2020\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 4. Amy\\n\\nFollowed the recipe, and it’s good, but my noodles are soggy. I even timed\\nthem so they wouldn’t over cook. Any tips of tricks?\\n\\nxxxxxyyyyy\\n\\n * March 11, 2020\\n * · Reply\\n\\nShow Replies (1)\\n\\n * Sara Bir\\n\\nHi Amy,\\n\\nSorry to hear about the soggy noodles. My tip is to just check the doneness of\\nany pasta/noodles as they cook. Set your timer early and keep tasting noodles\\nas the boil. (As long as you don’t burn your tongue!) Drain them when they are\\njust a tad toothy, as they will continue to absorb liquid afterwards.\\n\\n * March 12, 2020\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 5. Ferryal\\n\\nMade this as a side for slow cooker pot roast, which came out really yummy.\\nFollowed the recipe exactly with the addition of garlic powder & changing the\\ncheese from Parm. to Romano. This is a keeper in my recipe file. Thank you for\\nan awesome recipe.\\n\\nxxxxxyyyyy\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 1. Bonnie\\n\\nIt turned out awesome. I didn’t have egg noodles and only had elbow\\n\\nxxxxxyyyyy\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 2. Bella\\n\\nDo you use real grated cheese or the kind of the shelf in jar?\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n * Elise Bauer\\n\\nAlways the real stuff.\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 3. Pamela Vallelonga\\n\\nThese were great and easy. I added a dab of cayenne pepper to mine just for a\\nlittle kick. Thanks for sharing a great recipe.\\n\\nxxxxxyyyyy\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 4. Adrienne\\n\\nJust to let you know – I made these tonight ( adding 1 tbsp or so of chopped\\nshallot ) and my husband said that he didn’t know what I had done but the\\nnoodles were perfect. Thank you for the recipe.\\n\\nxxxxxyyyyy\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 5. Debbie\\n\\nI would make them from time to time, but lately my family has been requesting\\nthem more often. Fast and simple for a weeknight, what’s not to love!\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 6. Raymond Hart\\n\\nI love buttered noodles, but it will taste better if you take a cast iron\\nfrying pan and melt the butter in it, then take and pour in some itialan style\\nbread crumbs and brown them, then add the noodles and toss together\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 7. Dan Spalding\\n\\nWe love buttered noodles. I usually fry some bacon, press it on paper towels,\\nchop it finely, add quite a bit more Parmesan cheese. Toss all together. It is\\nstill my kids favorite meal... and they are in their thirties.\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 8. Eric\\n\\nMy grandmother would make something like this but she’d cut plain sandwich\\nbread into little pieces and fry that in the butter until crispy before\\ntossing it into the noodles. That little extra dimension made it twice as\\ngood!\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 9. Judy\\n\\nWe love buttered noodle also and sometimes I will add minced garlic in the jar\\nto it. Family loves it this way also. I have also added Italian seasoning\\nalong with butter and garlic..I never use anything but real butter in my\\ncooking.\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n 10. Arlene Cohen\\n\\nI confess. I’ve never made buttered noodles before! Not even sure I’ve ever\\neaten them before... Nonetheless, was won over by both your comments and the\\npictures, so I’m going to try it next week for Rosh Ha’Shana. One question,\\nthough – if there are any leftovers, will they keep in the fridge till the\\nnext day? Wish me luck!\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n * Elise Bauer\\n\\nHi Arlene, they’ll keep for several days in the fridge. I just reheat them in\\nthe microwave.\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\n * Nadine\\n\\nYes, absolutely!\\n\\n * · Reply\\n\\nView More\\n\\n›\\n\\nEasy Buttered Noodles\\n\\nCheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet\\n\\nBeef Noodle Casserole\\n\\nCitrus Pork with Egg Noodles\\n\\nClassic Tuna Noodle Casserole\\n\\nRotisserie Chicken Stroganoff\\n\\nTurkey Noodle Casserole\\n\\n### Recipe Categories\\n\\n#### Featured\\n\\n * Healthy Eating\\n * Best Soups and Stews\\n * Vegetarian Dinner Recipes\\n * Weekly Meal Plans\\n * Cooking for Two\\n * Eat Your Food! (Kid-friendly)\\n * Editors’ Favorite Tools & Equipment\\n * Produce Guides\\n\\n### Welcome to Simply Recipes!\\n\\nWe’re here to help you put dinner (and breakfast and lunch) on the table with\\nless stress and more joy. Pull up a chair!\\n\\nRead more about us...\\n\\nNever miss a recipe!\\n\\nSimply Recipes ©2003-2021 Simply Recipes, Inc. | About | Advertise | Privacy\\nPolicy | Your California Privacy Rights\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127051005/http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta Difference Between\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The majority of people have a passion for the numerous varieties of pasta, which includes egg noodles, and the traditionally-identified pasta. There are so many varieties, sauces that are used on them, and dishes in which they are prepared, that the thought leaves most our mouths watering. The interesting item is that most people don’t know that there is a difference between these two wonderful foods. This article is going to point out some of the differences between egg noodles and pasta. It will identify the following:\",\n \"Egg noodles are made of unleavened dough that is cooked in boiling water. Generally, egg noodles are made with eggs and wheat, or rice flour. Sometimes arrowroot or tapioca starches are added to enhance the texture and uniformity of the strands. In most cases, the egg noodle batter is made, and allowed to dry for a period of time, before actually using them to prepare a specific dish.\",\n \"Pasta is also made of unleavened semolina dough, of either wheat or buckwheat, that is cooked in boiling water, and, in some cases, vegetables are added to the dough.\",\n \"There are many varieties of egg noodles, and the sizes vary from country to country. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough. Generally, the Chinese and Japanese noodles are long, wide, flat strips of dough, where the German variety is shorter, thicker, and much smaller.\",\n \"Unlike egg noodles that are typically flat, pastas come in various lengths, sizes, and shapes. Many times, pastas are filled with meats, cheeses, and other vegetables, and are generally served with a sauce. Some of the shapes include spaghetti and angel-hair, (long dowel-like rods), macaroni, (which can be in the shape of shells or tubes), lasagna, (which are long, wide sheets), fusilli, (which are twirled and shorter), farfalle, (bow ties), and rigatoni, (which are larger hollow tubes).\",\n \"It is generally accepted that egg noodles originated in China, between 25 and 200 AD; although the Arabs and Italians also claim that they invented this wonderful staple food. In October of 2005, at the Lajia site in Qinghai, China, the oldest known strip of egg noodle was discovered. It appeared to be about 4000 years old, and was made of broomcorn and foxtail millet.\",\n \"As for the origination of pasta, no one has really determined exactly when or who first made this wonderful concoction. The Talmud records a similar food that was common in Palestine during the third century; however, the Greek physician, Galen, identified a comparable material in the second century. Even further back in the first century, Horace described tasty sheets of dough that were fried. As they continue to excavate the ruins in Egypt, they may find evidence that pasta has been around for even longer than what they thought.\",\n \"This article hit upon many points but did not consider why a cook would want to use one or the other form of noodle. This was the information I was looking for and did not find here.\",\n \"Right. But I think of the matter from a nutritional and ‘meal’ point of view. Pasta is just an attractive, molded twist on a real staple (i.e. wheat), making it easier to just boil and serve cooked with some sauces and spices, veggies, meats and/or cheese in some form.\",\n \"It’s a vehicle much like pizza dough, one that definitely calls for something to embellish it with without which it’d much lack in flavor, nutritional value and wouldn’t really fill someone up anyway.\",\n \"With pasta out of the way, add egg and perhaps milk to the mix of wet pasta dough and you have gotten egg noodles. Personally though I think this is a very specialized portion of a meal and has some value of its own due to the extra protein (egg) mixed in to start with. These could very well be shaped in the form of spaghetti or other ‘flat’ shapes and serve as vehicles for other toppings, like veggie stir fry and maybe even oriental dishes like mongolian beef or such. But things that are either sides or main dishes like chicken lo mein/chow mein can do very well with egg noodles in place of pasta.\",\n \"I also was also looking for more on this – My chicken soup recipe calls for “eggless noodles. There must be a reason why. Would it have to do with texture/composition? Do eggless noodles hold up better in the chicken broth? Thank you.\",\n \"I love egg noodles. I never have seen them as actual pasta because the making of the material isn’t like spaghetti or anything like that dough at all... I use it with butter and homemade chicken broth. It helps when you are sick and its a good substitute for people with Celtic disease\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta Difference Between | Difference\\nBetween\\n\\n * Business\\n\\n * Accounting\\n * Economics\\n * Finance\\n * Investment\\n * Management\\n * Marketing\\n * Organizations\\n * Planning & Activities\\n * Product & Services\\n * Structure & Systems\\n * Miscellaneous\\n\\n * Career & Education\\n * Culture\\n * Entertainment\\n * Fashion & Beauty\\n * Geography\\n * History\\n * Legal\\n * Politics\\n\\n * Ideology\\n * Leaders\\n * Political Institutions\\n * Religion\\n\\n * Islam\\n * Sports\\n * Technology\\n\\n * Gadgets\\n * Gaming\\n * SmartPhones\\n * Tablets\\n * Software\\n * internet\\n * Hardware\\n * Protocols & Formats\\n * Communication\\n * Web Applications\\n * Industrial\\n * Household Equipments\\n * Auto\\n * Career and Certifications\\n * Science\\n\\n * Biology\\n * Chemistry\\n * Health\\n * Disease\\n * Diet & Fitness\\n * Drugs\\n * Mathematics & Statistics\\n * Nature\\n * Animals\\n * Birds\\n * Physics\\n * Psychology\\n * Objects\\n\\n * Food\\n * Processed Foods\\n * Vegetables & Fruits\\n * Language\\n\\n * Words\\n * Grammar\\n\\nJanuary 26, 2010 • 5 comments\\n\\n# Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta\\n\\nEgg noodles vs Pasta\\n\\nThe majority of people have a passion for the numerous varieties of pasta,\\nwhich includes egg noodles, and the traditionally-identified pasta. There are\\nso many varieties, sauces that are used on them, and dishes in which they are\\nprepared, that the thought leaves most our mouths watering. The interesting\\nitem is that most people don’t know that there is a difference between these\\ntwo wonderful foods. This article is going to point out some of the\\ndifferences between egg noodles and pasta. It will identify the following:\\n\\nIngredients\\n\\nEgg noodles are made of unleavened dough that is cooked in boiling water.\\nGenerally, egg noodles are made with eggs and wheat, or rice flour. Sometimes\\narrowroot or tapioca starches are added to enhance the texture and uniformity\\nof the strands. In most cases, the egg noodle batter is made, and allowed to\\ndry for a period of time, before actually using them to prepare a specific\\ndish.\\n\\nPasta is also made of unleavened semolina dough, of either wheat or buckwheat,\\nthat is cooked in boiling water, and, in some cases, vegetables are added to\\nthe dough.\\n\\nShapes\\n\\nThere are many varieties of egg noodles, and the sizes vary from country to\\ncountry. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough. Generally, the\\nChinese and Japanese noodles are long, wide, flat strips of dough, where the\\nGerman variety is shorter, thicker, and much smaller.\\n\\nUnlike egg noodles that are typically flat, pastas come in various lengths,\\nsizes, and shapes. Many times, pastas are filled with meats, cheeses, and\\nother vegetables, and are generally served with a sauce. Some of the shapes\\ninclude spaghetti and angel-hair, (long dowel-like rods), macaroni, (which can\\nbe in the shape of shells or tubes), lasagna, (which are long, wide sheets),\\nfusilli, (which are twirled and shorter), farfalle, (bow ties), and rigatoni,\\n(which are larger hollow tubes).\\n\\nOrigination\\n\\nIt is generally accepted that egg noodles originated in China, between 25 and\\n200 AD; although the Arabs and Italians also claim that they invented this\\nwonderful staple food. In October of 2005, at the Lajia site in Qinghai,\\nChina, the oldest known strip of egg noodle was discovered. It appeared to be\\nabout 4000 years old, and was made of broomcorn and foxtail millet.\\n\\nAs for the origination of pasta, no one has really determined exactly when or\\nwho first made this wonderful concoction. The Talmud records a similar food\\nthat was common in Palestine during the third century; however, the Greek\\nphysician, Galen, identified a comparable material in the second century. Even\\nfurther back in the first century, Horace described tasty sheets of dough that\\nwere fried. As they continue to excavate the ruins in Egypt, they may find\\nevidence that pasta has been around for even longer than what they thought.\\n\\nSummary:\\n\\n1\\\\. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough, while pasta comes in\\na variety of shapes.\\n\\n2\\\\. Egg noodles originated in China, while the origin of pasta is not certain.\\n\\n * Author\\n * Recent Posts\\n\\nManisha Kumar\\n\\nLatest posts by Manisha Kumar (see all)\\n\\n * Difference Between On and In - March 18, 2010\\n * Difference Between IB and AP - March 18, 2010\\n * Difference Between Licence and License - March 18, 2010\\n\\nShare Tweet Pin Mail\\n\\nCategories: Food, Processed Foods Tags: noodles, pasta\\n\\nprevious post Difference Between Eyelet and Grommet\\n\\nnext post Difference Between CTC and Gross Salary\\n\\n### 5 responses\\n\\n 1. Christine Michels\\n\\nAugust 23, 2014\\n\\nThis article hit upon many points but did not consider why a cook would want\\nto use one or the other form of noodle. This was the information I was looking\\nfor and did not find here.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Amna\\n\\nMarch 30, 2016\\n\\nRight. But I think of the matter from a nutritional and ‘meal’ point of view.\\nPasta is just an attractive, molded twist on a real staple (i.e. wheat),\\nmaking it easier to just boil and serve cooked with some sauces and spices,\\nveggies, meats and/or cheese in some form.\\n\\nIt’s a vehicle much like pizza dough, one that definitely calls for something\\nto embellish it with without which it’d much lack in flavor, nutritional value\\nand wouldn’t really fill someone up anyway.\\n\\nWith pasta out of the way, add egg and perhaps milk to the mix of wet pasta\\ndough and you have gotten egg noodles. Personally though I think this is a\\nvery specialized portion of a meal and has some value of its own due to the\\nextra protein (egg) mixed in to start with. These could very well be shaped in\\nthe form of spaghetti or other ‘flat’ shapes and serve as vehicles for other\\ntoppings, like veggie stir fry and maybe even oriental dishes like mongolian\\nbeef or such. But things that are either sides or main dishes like chicken lo\\nmein/chow mein can do very well with egg noodles in place of pasta.\\n\\nJust my two cents’ worth. The rest is preference, really. 😉\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sue\\n\\nMarch 24, 2020\\n\\nI also was also looking for more on this – My chicken soup recipe calls for\\n“eggless noodles. There must be a reason why. Would it have to do with\\ntexture/composition? Do eggless noodles hold up better in the chicken broth?\\nThank you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. calico\\n\\nSeptember 2, 2015\\n\\ni thought pasta originated in italy...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Brittany Buckland\\n\\nFebruary 19, 2020\\n\\nI love egg noodles. I never have seen them as actual pasta because the making\\nof the material isn’t like spaghetti or anything like that dough at all... I\\nuse it with butter and homemade chicken broth. It helps when you are sick and\\nits a good substitute for people with Celtic disease\\n\\nReply\\n\\n## Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\nmobile desktop\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124063702/https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This post may contain affiliate links to products. If you use those links, I may earn a commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Learn more here.\",\n \"This Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe is a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\",\n \"It has been hard to find the motivation to make meals during the summer! The kids are home from school, it’s hot outside and there is no schedule.\",\n \"So, I was trying to figure out what to make for dinner when I remembered that I had some leftover grilled chicken in the freezer and decided to make a quick version of Noodles and Company’s Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles.\",\n \"I took leftover, grilled chicken out of the freezer, added a little water, covered it loosely and heated it in the microwave until the chicken thawed completely.\",\n \"To use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the chicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts instead of one.\",\n \"When using raw chicken that has been cut in half to make it thin, this will take 3-4 minutes per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\",\n \"Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.\",\n \"If you want to make oven baked parmesan chicken instead, try the method in one of these two blog posts: Key Lime Chicken Tenders and Lemon Pepper Chicken Tenders.\",\n \"This Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe is a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\",\n \"Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.\",\n \"To use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the chicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts instead of one.\",\n \"It will take 3-4 minutes to cooker per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\",\n \"Yield: 3 Serving Size: 1 grams Amount Per Serving: Calories: 955Total Fat: 52gSaturated Fat: 24gUnsaturated Fat: 0gCholesterol: 281mgSodium: 967mgCarbohydrates: 48gFiber: 2gSugar: 1gProtein: 70g\",\n \"Great recipe. My daughter is a picky eater and requested this. Both of us loved it. We’ll be making this again.\",\n \"Hi !!! I love your recipes and your enthusiasm. Because I am GF and diabetic, I use almond flour for bread crumbs. I can even make an almond bread that tastes like a hush puppy. Here’s my recipe: 3 cups almond flour, 1 Tbsp baking pwdr, 1 tsp baking soda, 1/2 tsp salt, 2-3 eggs (I buy med. organic), 1-1/2 cups buttermilk/or any milk, 1 small finely diced onion, 1 cup shred cheese, mix, pour into a buttered pan (I use a Pyrex 11X9-inch glass dish & bake 37 mins.\",\n \"This is an easy dish. I never have any ‘left-over’ chicken in my freezer (since I always use our leftover chicken within a day or so.) I make a cold chicken salad on Croissants (SP) with Butter (Boston) lettuce. It’s nice to have on a hot summer day for lunch! To the breading mixture (for this dish), I added a bit of garkic powder, and also some dry parsley flakes. I also added a generous handful of frozen ‘green peas’ to the buttered noodles. With my ‘personal additions’, we loved it ! .\",\n \"This was delicious I substituted bread crumbs for Original Goldfishes crackers and I served it up with homemade Mac n Cheese. My family devoured it!\",\n \"Yum!! I love parmesan chicken! These look so good and I bet your family loved it! I don’t know how you have time to do all that you do!!! Superwoman!\",\n \"Ohhh what a yummy meal!! Rarely do we have any leftovers around here either...You would think that I was starving my husband they way he eats haha! Such a great presentation of the food! Your pictures are always so clean. Love that\",\n \"Hi, I'm Tonia, a lover of food and photography! Fill a gunny sack with ingredients, tie on an apron and let's get cooking!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles - The Gunny\\nSack\\n\\nThe Gunny Sack\\n\\nHome » Recipes » Dinner » Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and\\nButtered Noodles\\n\\n# Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\\n\\nPin\\n\\nShare\\n\\nThis post may contain affiliate links to products. If you use those links, I\\nmay earn a commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying\\npurchases. Learn more here.\\n\\nJump to Recipe\\n\\nThis Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe\\nis a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\\n\\nIt has been hard to find the motivation to make meals during the summer! The\\nkids are home from school, it’s hot outside and there is no schedule.\\n\\nSo, I was trying to figure out what to make for dinner when I remembered that\\nI had some leftover grilled chicken in the freezer and decided to make a quick\\nversion of Noodles and Company’s Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles.\\n\\n## How To Make Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\\n\\n#### Step One:\\n\\nStart with the chicken.\\n\\nI took leftover, grilled chicken out of the freezer, added a little water,\\ncovered it loosely and heated it in the microwave until the chicken thawed\\ncompletely.\\n\\nTo use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the\\nchicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts\\ninstead of one.\\n\\n#### Step Two:\\n\\nIn a shallow bowl, mix together breadcrumbs, grated Parmesan, Italian\\nseasoning, and garlic powder.\\n\\n#### Step Three:\\n\\nHeat the olive oil in a saute pan over medium heat.\\n\\n#### Step Four:\\n\\nDip the chicken breasts in melted butter and then coat with the breadcrumbs\\nmixture.\\n\\n#### Step Five:\\n\\nFry the coated chicken breasts in the oil for a couple of minutes on each\\nside, until golden brown.\\n\\nIf using precooked chicken, this will only take about 1- 2 minutes per side.\\n\\nWhen using raw chicken that has been cut in half to make it thin, this will\\ntake 3-4 minutes per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the\\nchicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\\n\\n#### Step Six:\\n\\nPut one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one\\ntablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt,\\nblack pepper, and Italian seasoning.\\n\\n#### Step Seven:\\n\\nSlice each parmesan chicken breast and lay the slices on top of the noodles in\\nthe bowls.\\n\\nIf you want to make oven baked parmesan chicken instead, try the method in one\\nof these two blog posts: Key Lime Chicken Tenders and Lemon Pepper Chicken\\nTenders.\\n\\nContinue to Content\\n\\n## Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\\n\\nYield: 3\\n\\nPrep Time: 5 minutes\\n\\nCook Time: 5 minutes\\n\\nTotal Time: 10 minutes\\n\\nThis Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe\\nis a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n#### Parmesan Chicken\\n\\n * 3 cooked chicken breasts, (see notes for how to make using raw chicken breasts)\\n * 1/4 cup breadcrumbs\\n * 1/2 cup grated Parmesan\\n * 1 tsp Italian seasoning\\n * 1/2 tsp garlic powder\\n * 1/4 cup butter, melted\\n * 2 tbsp olive oil\\n\\n#### Buttered Noodles\\n\\n * 3 cups cooked egg noodles\\n * 3 tbsp butter, melted\\n * 3 tbsp shredded Parmesan\\n * 1/4 tsp salt\\n * 1/4 tsp Italian seasoning\\n * 1/8 tsp black pepper\\n\\n### Instructions\\n\\n 1. In a shallow bowl, mix together breadcrumbs, grated Parmesan, Italian seasoning, and garlic powder.\\n 2. Heat olive oil in a saute pan over medium heat.\\n 3. Dip the chicken breasts in melted butter and coat with the breadcrumbs mixture.\\n 4. Fry the coated chicken breasts in the oil for a couple of minutes on each side, until golden brown.\\n 5. Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.\\n 6. Slice each parmesan chicken breast and lay the slices on top of the noodles in the bowls.\\n\\n### Notes\\n\\nTo use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the\\nchicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts\\ninstead of one.\\n\\nIt will take 3-4 minutes to cooker per side. Cook until the juices run clear\\nor until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\\n\\n###### Nutrition Information:\\n\\nYield: 3 Serving Size: 1 grams Amount Per Serving: Calories: 955Total Fat:\\n52gSaturated Fat: 24gUnsaturated Fat: 0gCholesterol: 281mgSodium:\\n967mgCarbohydrates: 48gFiber: 2gSugar: 1gProtein: 70g\\n\\n© Tonia\\n\\nCuisine: American / Category: Dinner\\n\\nPin\\n\\nShare\\n\\n« How To Make Brown Bag Envelopes\\n\\nDipping Sauce for Sweet Potato Fries »\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Becky Slivinski says\\n\\nJanuary 18, 2021 at 8:31 pm\\n\\nGreat recipe. My daughter is a picky eater and requested this. Both of us\\nloved it. We’ll be making this again.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Debbie says\\n\\nJanuary 4, 2021 at 7:02 pm\\n\\nGreat recipe, all of the family gave thumbs up...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Laura says\\n\\nMarch 7, 2017 at 3:55 pm\\n\\nHi !!! I love your recipes and your enthusiasm. Because I am GF and diabetic,\\nI use almond flour for bread crumbs. I can even make an almond bread that\\ntastes like a hush puppy. Here’s my recipe: 3 cups almond flour, 1 Tbsp baking\\npwdr, 1 tsp baking soda, 1/2 tsp salt, 2-3 eggs (I buy med. organic), 1-1/2\\ncups buttermilk/or any milk, 1 small finely diced onion, 1 cup shred cheese,\\nmix, pour into a buttered pan (I use a Pyrex 11X9-inch glass dish & bake 37\\nmins.\\n\\nT hank you so much.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * judi says\\n\\nFebruary 9, 2020 at 11:13 am\\n\\nat what temp do you bake this almond bread/hush puppy goodness? please and\\nthank you\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 4. Angela says\\n\\nJuly 21, 2014 at 1:27 pm\\n\\nThis is an easy dish. I never have any ‘left-over’ chicken in my freezer\\n(since I always use our leftover chicken within a day or so.) I make a cold\\nchicken salad on Croissants (SP) with Butter (Boston) lettuce. It’s nice to\\nhave on a hot summer day for lunch! To the breading mixture (for this dish), I\\nadded a bit of garkic powder, and also some dry parsley flakes. I also added a\\ngenerous handful of frozen ‘green peas’ to the buttered noodles. With my\\n‘personal additions’, we loved it ! .\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 5. LH says\\n\\nJuly 5, 2014 at 8:44 am\\n\\nMade this last night. Simple to make & really good. This recipe is a keeper:)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Tonia says\\n\\nJuly 5, 2014 at 9:32 am\\n\\nFantastic! I still make it for my family too!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 6. nancy says\\n\\nApril 18, 2014 at 10:51 pm\\n\\nThis was delicious I substituted bread crumbs for Original Goldfishes crackers\\nand I served it up with homemade Mac n Cheese. My family devoured it!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 7. www.StarHughes.com says\\n\\nJuly 22, 2011 at 5:43 pm\\n\\nYum!! I love parmesan chicken! These look so good and I bet your family loved\\nit! I don’t know how you have time to do all that you do!!! Superwoman!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 8. Ana Degenaar says\\n\\nJuly 20, 2011 at 2:22 pm\\n\\nThis looks and sounds delish!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 9. Lindsay @ Delighted Momma says\\n\\nJuly 20, 2011 at 2:18 pm\\n\\nOhhh what a yummy meal!! Rarely do we have any leftovers around here\\neither...You would think that I was starving my husband they way he eats haha!\\nSuch a great presentation of the food! Your pictures are always so clean. Love\\nthat\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nHi, I'm Tonia, a lover of food and photography! Fill a gunny sack with\\ningredients, tie on an apron and let's get cooking!\\n\\nDisclosure | Privacy Policy | Nutrition Disclaimer\\n\\n#### Categories\\n\\n#### Blog Archives\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 · Tasteful theme by Restored 316\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 ·Tasteful Theme · Genesis Framework by StudioPress ·\\nWordPress · Log in\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210122190047/https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever) Recipe\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"(You may add additional butter if desired. Also you may use 1 can of chicken broth instead of bullion. I suggest using bullion).\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever) Recipe - Food.com\\n\\nProfile\\n\\nAdd a Recipe\\n\\nUser Settings\\n\\nRecipes / < 15 Mins\\n\\nCommunity Pick\\n\\n# Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever)\\n\\n(206)\\n\\nRecipe by David Ball\\n\\nThe creamiest buttered egg noodles you will ever taste. Always a hit and easy\\nto prepare.\\n\\n211\\n\\nPeople talking\\n\\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\\n\\nREADY IN: 10mins\\n\\nSERVES: 4\\n\\nUNITS: US\\n\\n#### INGREDIENTS\\n\\nNutrition\\n\\n * 2\\n\\nWyler's chicken bouillon cubes\\n\\n * 1 ^1⁄_2\\n\\ncups water\\n\\n * ^1⁄_2\\n\\ncup real butter\\n\\n * 8\\n\\nounces egg noodles\\n\\n#### NUTRITION INFO\\n\\nServing Size: 1 (224) g\\n\\nServings Per Recipe: 4\\n\\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\\n\\nCalories: 424.8\\n\\nCalories from Fat 230 g 54 %\\n\\nTotal Fat 25.6 g 39 %\\n\\nSaturated Fat 15.3 g 76 %\\n\\nCholesterol 108.9 mg 36 %\\n\\nSodium 380.2 mg 15 %\\n\\nTotal Carbohydrate 41 g 13 %\\n\\nDietary Fiber 1.9 g 7 %\\n\\nSugars 1.1 g 4 %\\n\\nProtein 8.5 g 17 %\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n#### DIRECTIONS\\n\\n * Bring water, 2 boullion cubes and 1/2 stick of butter to boil using med to high heat.\\n * Add egg noodles.\\n * Cook until noodles are desired texture.\\n * (About 6-8 minutes) During last minute of cooking add remaining 1/2 stick of butter.\\n * (You may add additional butter if desired. Also you may use 1 can of chicken broth instead of bullion. I suggest using bullion).\\n\\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\\n\\nButtered Noodles With Caraway Seeds\\n\\nby threeovens\\n\\n(9)\\n\\nButtered Noodles\\n\\nby dividend\\n\\n(10)\\n\\nButtered Garlic Noodles\\n\\nby Fluffy\\n\\n(7)\\n\\nButtered Noodles With Eggs and Parmesan Cheese\\n\\nby Marie\\n\\n(7)\\n\\nView All Recipes\\n\\nBACK TO TOP\\n\\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\\n\\n * HGTV\\n * DIY Network\\n * Food Network\\n * Cooking Channel\\n * Travel Channel\\n * HGTV Poland\\n\\n© 2021 Scripps Networks, LLC.\\n\\nAll Rights Reserved.\\n\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * AdChoices\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Visitor Agreement\\n\\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210211205230/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles Recipe\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"My friend Anna makes the most amazing and easy meatballs with gravy! Prepared in a slow cooker, this recipe couldn't be any easier! Serve over buttery hot cooked noodles and you'll have a happy crowd! Mangia!\",\n \"Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\",\n \"Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again. Read More\",\n \"Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\",\n \"This was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the recipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles put the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on the stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything together. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm terrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER quick and tasted great! My husband said \\\"needs more mushrooms but it's really good!\\\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper! Read More\",\n \"I made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own meatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian seasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan in oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of mushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk. Heated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good flavor, similar to stroganoff Read More\",\n \"This is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful. There was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles needed. Read More\",\n \"I made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked meatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are going to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this recipe. Read More\",\n \"Love these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be perfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2 weeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to give to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot! Read More\",\n \"Oh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My coworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it. So easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too! Read More\",\n \"Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again. Read More\",\n \"Much too \\\"oniony\\\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time I used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth instead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was great. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star... Read More\",\n \"*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\",\n \"(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\",\n \"Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again.\",\n \"This was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the recipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles put the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on the stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything together. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm terrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER quick and tasted great! My husband said \\\"needs more mushrooms but it's really good!\\\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper!\",\n \"I made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own meatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian seasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan in oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of mushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk. Heated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good flavor, similar to stroganoff\",\n \"This is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful. There was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles needed.\",\n \"I made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked meatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are going to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this recipe.\",\n \"Love these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be perfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2 weeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to give to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot!\",\n \"Oh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My coworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it. So easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too!\",\n \"Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\",\n \"Much too \\\"oniony\\\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time I used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth instead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was great. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star...\",\n \"Allrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles Recipe | Allrecipes\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n## Explore Allrecipes\\n\\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\\n\\n## Profile Menu\\n\\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nJoin Now\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Create a Profile\\n * Newsletters\\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Shopping List\\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nYour Account\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Your Profile\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\\n * Logout\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Shopping List\\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nSweepstakes\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\n# Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nRating: 4.38 stars\\n\\n525 Ratings\\n\\n * 5 star values: 299\\n * 4 star values: 159\\n * 3 star values: 43\\n * 2 star values: 15\\n * 1 star values: 9\\n\\n * Read Reviews\\n * Add Reviews\\n\\n * 525 Ratings\\n * 387 Reviews\\n * 16 Photos\\n\\nMy friend Anna makes the most amazing and easy meatballs with gravy! Prepared\\nin a slow cooker, this recipe couldn't be any easier! Serve over buttery hot\\ncooked noodles and you'll have a happy crowd! Mangia!\\n\\nBy QUEENGODDESSNANCE\\n\\nSave Pin Print\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n## Gallery\\n\\n\\\\+ 12 12 more images\\n\\n## Recipe Summary\\n\\nprep:\\n\\n15 mins\\n\\ncook:\\n\\n3 hrs\\n\\ntotal:\\n\\n3 hrs 15 mins\\n\\nServings:\\n\\n24\\n\\nYield:\\n\\n24 servings\\n\\nNutrition Info\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Ingredients\\n\\n24\\n\\nOriginal recipe yields 24 servings\\n\\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\\n\\n## Directions\\n\\n## Nutrition Facts\\n\\nPer Serving:\\n\\n493 calories; protein 25.9g; carbohydrates 38.5g; fat 25.5g; cholesterol\\n147.9mg; sodium 591.5mg. Full Nutrition\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Reviews (387)\\n\\nRead More Reviews\\n\\n### Most helpful positive review\\n\\nLisa Michelle\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n11/06/2007\\n\\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(214)\\n\\n### Most helpful critical review\\n\\nWILLOWDANCE\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n04/01/2007\\n\\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\\nRead More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(28)\\n\\n525 Ratings\\n\\n * 5 star values: 299\\n * 4 star values: 159\\n * 3 star values: 43\\n * 2 star values: 15\\n * 1 star values: 9\\n\\nReviews: Most Helpful\\n\\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\\n\\nLisa Michelle\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n11/05/2007\\n\\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(214)\\n\\nJANICEB75\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n04/03/2007\\n\\nThis was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the\\nrecipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead\\nof cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles\\nput the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on\\nthe stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything\\ntogether. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm\\nterrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER\\nquick and tasted great! My husband said \\\"needs more mushrooms but it's really\\ngood!\\\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper! Read\\nMore\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(125)\\n\\nmichcoff\\n\\nRating: 4 stars\\n\\n03/27/2008\\n\\nI made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own\\nmeatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian\\nseasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan\\nin oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of\\nmushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk.\\nHeated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good\\nflavor, similar to stroganoff Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(87)\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nMatt Colleen Parker\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n09/11/2007\\n\\nThis is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful.\\nThere was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles\\nneeded. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(48)\\n\\nKJ\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n10/22/2007\\n\\nI made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked\\nmeatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are\\ngoing to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this\\nrecipe. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(45)\\n\\nNicki Rose Robinson\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n01/02/2008\\n\\nLove these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be\\nperfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2\\nweeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to\\ngive to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot! Read\\nMore\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(42)\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nlisa p\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n11/03/2007\\n\\nOh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My\\ncoworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it.\\nSo easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too! Read\\nMore\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(32)\\n\\nWILLOWDANCE\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n04/01/2007\\n\\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\\nRead More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(28)\\n\\ndapen\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n01/21/2011\\n\\nMuch too \\\"oniony\\\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time\\nI used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth\\ninstead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was\\ngreat. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star... Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(22)\\n\\nMore Reviews\\n\\nBack to Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\n## All Reviews for Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\n\\\\- of Reviews\\n\\nReviews: Most Helpful\\n\\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Share options\\n\\n## Nutritional Information\\n\\n## Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nServings Per Recipe: 24 Calories: 492.5\\n\\n% Daily Value *\\n\\nprotein: 25.9g 52 %\\n\\ncarbohydrates: 38.5g 12 %\\n\\ndietary fiber: 2g 8 %\\n\\nsugars: 2.1g\\n\\nfat: 25.5g 39 %\\n\\nsaturated fat: 10.9g 55 %\\n\\ncholesterol: 147.9mg 49 %\\n\\nvitamin a iu: 335.8IU 7 %\\n\\nniacin equivalents: 4.2mg 32 %\\n\\nvitamin b6: 0.2mg 15 %\\n\\nvitamin c: 0.9mg 1 %\\n\\nfolate: 101.2mcg 25 %\\n\\ncalcium: 93.6mg 9 %\\n\\niron: 3.8mg 21 %\\n\\nmagnesium: 48.7mg 17 %\\n\\npotassium: 454.5mg 13 %\\n\\nsodium: 591.5mg 24 %\\n\\nthiamin: 0.4mg 41 %\\n\\ncalories from fat: 229.8\\n\\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\\n\\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\\non available nutrient data.\\n\\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\\n\\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\\nReserved\\n\\n## UGC Reviews Modal\\n\\n### Reviews for: Photos of Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered\\nNoodles\\n\\nReviews: Most Helpful\\n\\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\\n\\n1 of 387\\n\\nAll Reviews\\n\\nLisa Michelle\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n11/05/2007\\n\\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(214)\\n\\nJANICEB75\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n04/03/2007\\n\\nThis was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the\\nrecipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead\\nof cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles\\nput the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on\\nthe stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything\\ntogether. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm\\nterrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER\\nquick and tasted great! My husband said \\\"needs more mushrooms but it's really\\ngood!\\\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper!\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(125)\\n\\nmichcoff\\n\\nRating: 4 stars\\n\\n03/27/2008\\n\\nI made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own\\nmeatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian\\nseasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan\\nin oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of\\nmushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk.\\nHeated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good\\nflavor, similar to stroganoff\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(87)\\n\\nMatt Colleen Parker\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n09/11/2007\\n\\nThis is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful.\\nThere was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles\\nneeded.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(48)\\n\\nKJ\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n10/22/2007\\n\\nI made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked\\nmeatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are\\ngoing to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this\\nrecipe.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(45)\\n\\nNicki Rose Robinson\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n01/02/2008\\n\\nLove these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be\\nperfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2\\nweeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to\\ngive to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot!\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(42)\\n\\nlisa p\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n11/03/2007\\n\\nOh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My\\ncoworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it.\\nSo easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too!\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(32)\\n\\nWILLOWDANCE\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n04/01/2007\\n\\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(28)\\n\\ndapen\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n01/21/2011\\n\\nMuch too \\\"oniony\\\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time\\nI used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth\\ninstead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was\\ngreat. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star...\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(22)\\n\\n1 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nAndy Ernest\\n\\n2 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nDavid Washington\\n\\n3 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nyoshi1\\n\\n4 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nLeigh Ann Rowan Kiraly\\n\\n5 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nLucy\\n\\n6 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nShandy G\\n\\n7 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nTanisha Cave\\n\\n8 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nJeanette Worth\\n\\n9 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nClarice Baker\\n\\n10 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nCara\\n\\n11 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nkateshreds\\n\\n12 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nSherry Knoebel Roberts\\n\\n13 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nHeather Kaye Allen\\n\\n14 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nkateshreds\\n\\n15 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nSuemck\\n\\n16 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nTanisha Cave\\n\\n## Review this recipe\\n\\nReview this recipe\\n\\nThanks for adding your feedback.\\n\\nCongrats! You saved Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\nto your Favorites\\n\\n## Login\\n\\nAllrecipes\\n\\nOther Meredith Sites\\n\\n## Other Meredith Sites\\n\\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * More this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\\n * People this link opens in a new tab\\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\\n\\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 02/11/2021\\n\\n## View image\\n\\nAnna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\\n\\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\\nguidelines.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124085614/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Buttered Noodles\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\",\n \"This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\",\n \"This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\",\n \"This is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I still make it today~YUM!!!!! Read More\",\n \"It was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They loved it! Read More\",\n \"I was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles turned out really good! I didn't need to add anything. Read More\",\n \"These noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I would make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when I'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You could easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red pepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The sky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil - delicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan accordingly. Read More\",\n \"NO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do believe quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best. AND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter & noodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great , however the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different taste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as always and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V. Read More\",\n \"Tasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a strong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me liking some garlic in it too. Read More\",\n \"7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes. I often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can be. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting. Read More\",\n \"Definitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best noodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them! Read More\",\n \"This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\",\n \"*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\",\n \"(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\",\n \"This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles.\",\n \"This is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I still make it today~YUM!!!!!\",\n \"I was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles turned out really good! I didn't need to add anything.\",\n \"These noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I would make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when I'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You could easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red pepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The sky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil - delicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan accordingly.\",\n \"NO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do believe quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best. AND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter & noodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great , however the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different taste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as always and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.\",\n \"Tasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a strong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me liking some garlic in it too.\",\n \"7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes. I often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can be. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.\",\n \"Definitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best noodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!\",\n \"This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often.\",\n \"Allrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Buttered Noodles | Allrecipes\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n## Explore Allrecipes\\n\\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\\n\\n## Profile Menu\\n\\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nJoin Now\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Create a Profile\\n * Newsletters\\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Shopping List\\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nYour Account\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Your Profile\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\\n * Logout\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Shopping List\\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nSweepstakes\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\n# Buttered Noodles\\n\\nRating: 4.5 stars\\n\\n112 Ratings\\n\\n * 5 star values: 77\\n * 4 star values: 21\\n * 3 star values: 8\\n * 2 star values: 5\\n * 1 star values: 1\\n\\n * Read Reviews\\n * Add Reviews\\n\\n * 112 Ratings\\n * 81 Reviews\\n * 39 Photos\\n\\nSuch a simple and delicious recipe, yet I get many questions on how to make\\nit.\\n\\nBy elohel\\n\\nSave Pin Print\\n\\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\\n\\n## Gallery\\n\\n\\\\+ 35 35 more images\\n\\n## Recipe Summary\\n\\nprep:\\n\\n5 mins\\n\\ncook:\\n\\n10 mins\\n\\ntotal:\\n\\n15 mins\\n\\nServings:\\n\\n8\\n\\nYield:\\n\\n8 servings\\n\\nNutrition Info\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Ingredients\\n\\n8\\n\\nOriginal recipe yields 8 servings\\n\\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\\n\\n## Directions\\n\\n## Cook's Note:\\n\\nUse 1/4 cup butter for less saucy noodles.\\n\\n## Nutrition Facts\\n\\nPer Serving:\\n\\n294 calories; protein 8.9g; carbohydrates 41.4g; fat 10.9g; cholesterol\\n25.8mg; sodium 134.6mg. Full Nutrition\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Reviews (81)\\n\\nRead More Reviews\\n\\n### Most helpful positive review\\n\\ntaelorm\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n01/10/2016\\n\\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\\nJake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(19)\\n\\n### Most helpful critical review\\n\\nDolores Cruz\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n02/27/2020\\n\\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(1)\\n\\n112 Ratings\\n\\n * 5 star values: 77\\n * 4 star values: 21\\n * 3 star values: 8\\n * 2 star values: 5\\n * 1 star values: 1\\n\\nReviews: Most Helpful\\n\\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\\n\\ntaelorm\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n01/10/2016\\n\\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\\nJake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(19)\\n\\nChristina\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n08/22/2015\\n\\nThis is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I\\nstill make it today~YUM!!!!! Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(15)\\n\\nFinn McDonald\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n05/31/2019\\n\\nIt was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They\\nloved it! Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(13)\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nLisa Noel Rodgers\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n12/28/2015\\n\\nI was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles\\nturned out really good! I didn't need to add anything. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(10)\\n\\nFrance C\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n08/28/2015\\n\\nThese noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I\\nwould make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when\\nI'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You\\ncould easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red\\npepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The\\nsky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil -\\ndelicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan\\naccordingly. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(9)\\n\\ntena11\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n10/18/2019\\n\\nNO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do\\nbelieve quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best.\\nAND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter &\\nnoodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great ,\\nhowever the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different\\ntaste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as\\nalways and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.\\nRead More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(5)\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nLindsay\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n07/27/2017\\n\\nTasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a\\nstrong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me\\nliking some garlic in it too. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(5)\\n\\nlutzflcat\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n07/22/2017\\n\\n7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes.\\nI often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can\\nbe. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.\\nRead More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(3)\\n\\nPeggy\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n05/31/2018\\n\\nDefinitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best\\nnoodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!\\nRead More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(3)\\n\\nDolores Cruz\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n02/27/2020\\n\\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(1)\\n\\nMore Reviews\\n\\nBack to Buttered Noodles\\n\\n## All Reviews for Buttered Noodles\\n\\n\\\\- of Reviews\\n\\nReviews: Most Helpful\\n\\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Share options\\n\\n## Nutritional Information\\n\\n## Buttered Noodles\\n\\nServings Per Recipe: 8 Calories: 294.1\\n\\n% Daily Value *\\n\\nprotein: 8.9g 18 %\\n\\ncarbohydrates: 41.4g 13 %\\n\\ndietary fiber: 1.9g 8 %\\n\\nsugars: 1.9g\\n\\nfat: 10.9g 17 %\\n\\nsaturated fat: 6.3g 32 %\\n\\ncholesterol: 25.8mg 9 %\\n\\nvitamin a iu: 280.9IU 6 %\\n\\nniacin equivalents: 3.7mg 28 %\\n\\nvitamin b6: 0.1mg 5 %\\n\\nfolate: 113.2mcg 28 %\\n\\ncalcium: 51.3mg 5 %\\n\\niron: 1.7mg 9 %\\n\\nmagnesium: 28.2mg 10 %\\n\\npotassium: 112.9mg 3 %\\n\\nsodium: 134.6mg 5 %\\n\\ncalories from fat: 98.1\\n\\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\\n\\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\\non available nutrient data.\\n\\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\\n\\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\\nReserved\\n\\n## UGC Reviews Modal\\n\\n### Reviews for: Photos of Buttered Noodles\\n\\nReviews: Most Helpful\\n\\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\\n\\n1 of 81\\n\\nAll Reviews\\n\\ntaelorm\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n01/10/2016\\n\\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\\nJake and mixed it in the noodles.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(19)\\n\\nChristina\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n08/22/2015\\n\\nThis is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I\\nstill make it today~YUM!!!!!\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(15)\\n\\nFinn McDonald\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n05/31/2019\\n\\nIt was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They\\nloved it!\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(13)\\n\\nLisa Noel Rodgers\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n12/28/2015\\n\\nI was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles\\nturned out really good! I didn't need to add anything.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(10)\\n\\nFrance C\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n08/28/2015\\n\\nThese noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I\\nwould make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when\\nI'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You\\ncould easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red\\npepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The\\nsky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil -\\ndelicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan\\naccordingly.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(9)\\n\\ntena11\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n10/18/2019\\n\\nNO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do\\nbelieve quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best.\\nAND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter &\\nnoodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great ,\\nhowever the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different\\ntaste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as\\nalways and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(5)\\n\\nLindsay\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n07/27/2017\\n\\nTasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a\\nstrong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me\\nliking some garlic in it too.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(5)\\n\\nlutzflcat\\n\\nAllstar\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n07/22/2017\\n\\n7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes.\\nI often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can\\nbe. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(3)\\n\\nPeggy\\n\\nRating: 5 stars\\n\\n05/31/2018\\n\\nDefinitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best\\nnoodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(3)\\n\\nDolores Cruz\\n\\nRating: 3 stars\\n\\n02/27/2020\\n\\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often.\\n\\nHelpful\\n\\n(1)\\n\\n1 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nSevana\\n\\n2 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nDog Dogs\\n\\n3 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nMadalynn Kathrine Fischer\\n\\n4 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nRochelle Shaw\\n\\n5 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nShantiara Randle\\n\\n6 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nIsabel Ponce Wong\\n\\n7 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nCrystal Morgan\\n\\n8 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nYoly\\n\\n9 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nMadalynn Kathrine Fischer\\n\\n10 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nItsTiekaBee\\n\\n11 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nVanessa Bailey\\n\\n12 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nSat09\\n\\n13 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nValeria\\n\\n14 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nAllrecipes Magazine\\n\\n15 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nkmiranda1\\n\\n16 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nYoly\\n\\n17 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nYoly\\n\\n18 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nRenee Koziski\\n\\n19 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\ntaelorm\\n\\n20 of 39 Buttered Noodles\\n\\nnetty0118\\n\\n## Review this recipe\\n\\nReview this recipe\\n\\nThanks for adding your feedback.\\n\\nCongrats! You saved Buttered Noodles to your Favorites\\n\\n## Login\\n\\nAllrecipes\\n\\nOther Meredith Sites\\n\\n## Other Meredith Sites\\n\\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * More this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\\n * People this link opens in a new tab\\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\\n\\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 01/24/2021\\n\\n## View image\\n\\nButtered Noodles\\n\\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\\nguidelines.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":356,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":676391,"string":"676,391"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Wet Sand a Car"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To wet sand a car, soak 1200 or 1500 grit sandpaper in a mixture of water and automotive or dish soap for 5 minutes. Next, wrap the soaked sandpaper around a sanding squeegee or pad and sand gently in circular motions, switching directions occasionally to ensure you sand the surface evenly. Keep the sandpaper wet during the process, dipping back into the soapy water as often as necessary. Once you’ve wet sanded the entire area, switch to 2000 or 3000 grit sandpaper and repeat the process to remove any scratches left by the first stage."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200812232136/https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new","http://web.archive.org/web/20201030024522/https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/","http://web.archive.org/web/20161122082143/http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812232136/https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030024522/https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161122082143/http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":283,"string":"283"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812232136/https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Sand and Polish a Car so the Paint Looks Good as New","passages":["This technique is not guaranteed to work with every car. However, it will work on 90% of vehicles made after 1990 or that have been repainted within the last 15 years. Before taking any action, read this guide thoroughly and make sure you understand every step. If you have any questions, I will be around to answer, so go ahead and ask.","This is what is done at most auto body shops after a car is painted to ensure top-quality finishes. However, the purpose of this guide is to help anyone with an old paint job to revitalize it without spending the $300-$500 or more that the average shop will charge for this job.","Sandpaper, the wet sanding kind. The grades you will need are 2000 and 3000 (preferentially the foamy type) and possibly 1200 or 1500.","You can get all this things at an auto parts store. You might be looking at spending about 150 dollars (if you buy a buffer), but you will have a tool that will last you many years and enough supplies to do three complete buff jobs or more.","There are many different ways to go about this, depending on the current state of your paint job and your goal. If your paint is very dull and has many small scratches, you might want to go all the way, starting from step two. If it's in pretty good shape but you want to give it that extra shine to make it look good as new, then you might want to skip steps two through four and get straight to buffing, although step four is always recommended for that deep and slick professional look. If it's somewhere in between then you may start on step three.","This step is only recommended if your paint job is around 12 or more years old, has many small scratches, or looks like it was poorly painted. Before you go and sand the whole car, do a test on a small area; a lower corner in the rear bumper is a great place to do your test.","Should you use 1200 or 1500? It depends on how bad the paint is. Both are very similar sand grades, but while 1200 is faster, it might be harder to get rid the scratches it will make. It is up to you; I use 1500 most of the time in cases that need it. Moving on:","Fill a bucket with water and a small amount of soap, cut your sandpaper sheet in two halves, hold it horizontally and cut a vertical line right in the middle. Let one half sit in the water for about five minutes before you begin, then wrap your sandpaper around your sanding squeegee. If you cut your sandpaper correctly it will fold in three equal parts. Now start sanding your test area by laying your squeegee flat on the surface and sliding it left and right a few times then moving down and repeating the pattern. You can use your squeegee to dry a small area very quickly. Do this from time to time to check your progress. If you can sand to a perfectly flat finish without the color coming off (you will notice the water getting tinted if this occurs), you are good to go.","Do this to the entire car. Make sure not to overdo it, as you could ruin your paint. If you notice that there's color coming off, it's time to stop and move on (you should move on way before that happens). Avoid sanding in places where you won't be able to polish with the buffer, such as edges, around plastic or rubber trims, and around door handles. Rinse and and clean every part after you are done with it. We are ready to move on to step three.","The purpose of step three is to make any scratches caused by the 1200 or 1500 sandpaper to disappear. If you skipped step two, you will need to do the test described in that step except with 2000 grit; if your paint is fairly new, you can go straight to step four.","You will spend about the same amount of time wet sanding with 2000 as you did with 1200 or 1500 grit, but you will need to be more careful and keep track of the parts you are done with. For an untrained eye, there won't be a noticeable difference between the two types of scratches, so just make sure you sand evenly and thoroughly, though, once again, be careful not to overdo it. The sanding pattern is the same as in step two. Don't forget to rinse and clean each part before and after you are done.","Step four is basically the same as step three, but you will be using a 3000 fine-grade sandpaper. This step can (in theory) be skipped if you have a rubbing compound that will buff out 2000 grit scratches, which works mostly on lighter color cars. However step four is highly recommended if you want the ultimate finish. Another plus is that you will spend less time buffing if you do it.","Get ready, the best part is about to start. At this point, you might be sick of wet sanding, but you are about to find out why it was worth it. Start by making sure your buffing pad is perfectly clean and properly attached to your buffer. Make sure to avoid getting the cable in the way since it might cause a serious accident if it gets trapped by the spinning part of the buffer. One way to make sure you prevent this is to pass the cable over your shoulder, keeping the slack behind your back. This will also help you avoid scratching your paint with it.","Add rubbing compound and start buffing. Do this in sections of about a square foot at a time, for best results. Use an orderly motion: left to right, right to left and then down and repeat the pattern. Repeat this step until you are satisfied with the result, it usually takes about 2-3 passes to obtain an awesome shine. Never use too much speed or too much compound. Most buffers have a revolutions regulator, which you should set at mid speed. After you are satisfied with each part, do a final pass, lowering the revs a little.","After you are done buffing, switch to the black finishing pad. Do a slow pass with a finishing grade polish and make sure to dampen your pad a little now and then to avoid burning the paint.","Clean every part after you are done with it. Make sure you clean every edge very well before the polish hardens up; I recommend that you use a damp micro- fiber cloth. You can use an old toothbrush or clean paint brush to clean the places that are hard to get into, but be careful not to use too much pressure in order to avoid scratching.","By this point your car should look awesomely shiny but it might show the pattern that you followed with the polish if you see it under direct light. That's the reason why you will need to do this step. I recommend that you use a silicon-based hand glaze product rather than a wax-based one, simply because it gives me better results and it seems to have a longer lasting effect. Either type you choose will give your paint a thin protection layer and a little extra shine. Make sure you do this in the shade; direct sunlight might cause the glaze to dry too quickly and stain your freshly buffed car.","Apply a small amount directly on the first part you will glaze (a few drops is enough), then use the applier with gentle pressure to rub and smear the product evenly on that section of the car, working square foot by square foot. When the applier feels too dry to continue, add a little bit more product, but only use a few drops each time. When you are done smearing the product, let it sit for a couple of minutes. Now use a clean and very slightly damp micro- fiber cloth to clean it off. Repeat the process with the other parts until you are done with the whole car.","Congratulations, you are done renewing your paint. If you want it to last in this condition for much longer, you should hand glaze your car once every couple of months.","It's time to take your car for a ride. Be ready to receive some compliments from your friends and to turn a few heads. Good job!","This article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge. Content is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not substitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial, legal, or technical matters.","About Clyde horseman's comment, if you don't go lower than 2000 for initial sanding and you finish with 3000 that risk is very low, also there are now 5000 grit papers available which will make pretty much all the sanding scratches invisible even before polish. Sorry it took months to answer but I've updated the hub accordingly.","Hello G. about your question, it depends a lot on where you are and the kind of market you are tackling, I currently live and work in Mexico City, therefore I am not up to date with what is being charged in the States or other countries, but for some guidance, I think for removing some scratches, charging half of what you would charge for some color and clear coating a part would be about fare enough. However whatever you charge is entirely up to you the goal should be to make the best money you can without losing costumers due to charging too much.","ive been doing paint and body work for a while but ive just started a scratch removal service how much is to much to charge to sand and buff ?","@pablmx, I have a question about the longevity of the polish. I'm not all too familiar with autobody care, but from what I know you don't sand unless your painting! Won't the polish weather away at a much faster rate than the actual clear coat? It just makes me scared to think of sanding my car only to replace it with clear coat. Thanks.","Thanks Smnoman. I will be updating it soon with the most recent techniques I will also be writing some more hubs on the automotive repair and refinishing topics. If you have any suggestions on what you would like to read about I will appreciate the feed back very much.","Sorry for taking such a long time to answer. Your comment was the first I ever got on Hubpages so I wasn't really checking that often. Now to answer your question. If by new paint you mean recently sprayed then I would suggest that you final sand it with 2500 grit and use a white foam pad and supper duty compound both from 3M. I'm not really good with product numbering. What type of polish is that you mentioned?","What kind of pad do i need to use after new paint and clearcoat,and sanding it with 1500 grit sandpaper. I have a bottle of 3m 06064 polish?","Copyright © 2020 HubPages Inc. and respective owners. Other product and company names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. HubPages^® is a registered Service Mark of HubPages, Inc. HubPages and Hubbers (authors) may earn revenue on this page based on affiliate relationships and advertisements with partners including Amazon, Google, and others.","As a user in the EEA, your approval is needed on a few things. To provide a better website experience, axleaddict.com uses cookies (and other similar technologies) and may collect, process, and share personal data. Please choose which areas of our service you consent to our doing so.","HubPages Device ID| This is used to identify particular browsers or devices when the access the service, and is used for security reasons. Login| This is necessary to sign in to the HubPages Service. Google Recaptcha| This is used to prevent bots and spam. 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Before taking any action, read this guide thoroughly and make sure\nyou understand every step. If you have any questions, I will be around to\nanswer, so go ahead and ask.\n\nThis is what is done at most auto body shops after a car is painted to ensure\ntop-quality finishes. However, the purpose of this guide is to help anyone\nwith an old paint job to revitalize it without spending the $300-$500 or more\nthat the average shop will charge for this job.\n\nDo this at your own risk. This technique is not guaranteed to work with every\ncar.\n\n## You Will Need\n\n * A lot of spare time. This might take you a couple of days to finish.\n * Sandpaper, the wet sanding kind. The grades you will need are 2000 and 3000 (preferentially the foamy type) and possibly 1200 or 1500.\n * A sanding squeegee\n * A couple of micro-fiber cloths\n * A bucket, water, and liquid soap\n * Medium-grade rubbing compound and fine grade polish\n * A hand-glaze product and an applier\n * A buffer tool, a buffing foam pad (white, harder foam), and a finishing foam pad (black, softer foam)\n\nYou can get all this things at an auto parts store. You might be looking at\nspending about 150 dollars (if you buy a buffer), but you will have a tool\nthat will last you many years and enough supplies to do three complete buff\njobs or more.\n\n## Step One: Evaluate\n\nThere are many different ways to go about this, depending on the current state\nof your paint job and your goal. If your paint is very dull and has many small\nscratches, you might want to go all the way, starting from step two. If it's\nin pretty good shape but you want to give it that extra shine to make it look\ngood as new, then you might want to skip steps two through four and get\nstraight to buffing, although step four is always recommended for that deep\nand slick professional look. If it's somewhere in between then you may start\non step three.\n\nA professional wet sanding one of his own vehicles.\n\n## Step Two: Test and Wet Sand With 1200 or 1500 Sandpaper\n\nThis step is only recommended if your paint job is around 12 or more years\nold, has many small scratches, or looks like it was poorly painted. Before you\ngo and sand the whole car, do a test on a small area; a lower corner in the\nrear bumper is a great place to do your test.\n\nShould you use 1200 or 1500? It depends on how bad the paint is. Both are very\nsimilar sand grades, but while 1200 is faster, it might be harder to get rid\nthe scratches it will make. It is up to you; I use 1500 most of the time in\ncases that need it. Moving on:\n\nFill a bucket with water and a small amount of soap, cut your sandpaper sheet\nin two halves, hold it horizontally and cut a vertical line right in the\nmiddle. Let one half sit in the water for about five minutes before you begin,\nthen wrap your sandpaper around your sanding squeegee. If you cut your\nsandpaper correctly it will fold in three equal parts. Now start sanding your\ntest area by laying your squeegee flat on the surface and sliding it left and\nright a few times then moving down and repeating the pattern. You can use your\nsqueegee to dry a small area very quickly. Do this from time to time to check\nyour progress. If you can sand to a perfectly flat finish without the color\ncoming off (you will notice the water getting tinted if this occurs), you are\ngood to go.\n\nDo this to the entire car. Make sure not to overdo it, as you could ruin your\npaint. If you notice that there's color coming off, it's time to stop and move\non (you should move on way before that happens). Avoid sanding in places where\nyou won't be able to polish with the buffer, such as edges, around plastic or\nrubber trims, and around door handles. Rinse and and clean every part after\nyou are done with it. We are ready to move on to step three.\n\n## Step Three and Four: Wet Sand With 2000 and 3000 Fine Grade\n\nThe purpose of step three is to make any scratches caused by the 1200 or 1500\nsandpaper to disappear. If you skipped step two, you will need to do the test\ndescribed in that step except with 2000 grit; if your paint is fairly new, you\ncan go straight to step four.\n\nYou will spend about the same amount of time wet sanding with 2000 as you did\nwith 1200 or 1500 grit, but you will need to be more careful and keep track of\nthe parts you are done with. For an untrained eye, there won't be a noticeable\ndifference between the two types of scratches, so just make sure you sand\nevenly and thoroughly, though, once again, be careful not to overdo it. The\nsanding pattern is the same as in step two. Don't forget to rinse and clean\neach part before and after you are done.\n\nStep four is basically the same as step three, but you will be using a 3000\nfine-grade sandpaper. This step can (in theory) be skipped if you have a\nrubbing compound that will buff out 2000 grit scratches, which works mostly on\nlighter color cars. However step four is highly recommended if you want the\nultimate finish. Another plus is that you will spend less time buffing if you\ndo it.\n\n## Step Five: Polish\n\nGet ready, the best part is about to start. At this point, you might be sick\nof wet sanding, but you are about to find out why it was worth it. Start by\nmaking sure your buffing pad is perfectly clean and properly attached to your\nbuffer. Make sure to avoid getting the cable in the way since it might cause a\nserious accident if it gets trapped by the spinning part of the buffer. One\nway to make sure you prevent this is to pass the cable over your shoulder,\nkeeping the slack behind your back. This will also help you avoid scratching\nyour paint with it.\n\nAdd rubbing compound and start buffing. Do this in sections of about a square\nfoot at a time, for best results. Use an orderly motion: left to right, right\nto left and then down and repeat the pattern. Repeat this step until you are\nsatisfied with the result, it usually takes about 2-3 passes to obtain an\nawesome shine. Never use too much speed or too much compound. Most buffers\nhave a revolutions regulator, which you should set at mid speed. After you are\nsatisfied with each part, do a final pass, lowering the revs a little.\n\nAfter you are done buffing, switch to the black finishing pad. Do a slow pass\nwith a finishing grade polish and make sure to dampen your pad a little now\nand then to avoid burning the paint.\n\nClean every part after you are done with it. Make sure you clean every edge\nvery well before the polish hardens up; I recommend that you use a damp micro-\nfiber cloth. You can use an old toothbrush or clean paint brush to clean the\nplaces that are hard to get into, but be careful not to use too much pressure\nin order to avoid scratching.\n\nA thoroughly glazed part before cleaning\n\n## Step Six: Hand Glaze\n\nBy this point your car should look awesomely shiny but it might show the\npattern that you followed with the polish if you see it under direct light.\nThat's the reason why you will need to do this step. I recommend that you use\na silicon-based hand glaze product rather than a wax-based one, simply because\nit gives me better results and it seems to have a longer lasting effect.\nEither type you choose will give your paint a thin protection layer and a\nlittle extra shine. Make sure you do this in the shade; direct sunlight might\ncause the glaze to dry too quickly and stain your freshly buffed car.\n\nApply a small amount directly on the first part you will glaze (a few drops is\nenough), then use the applier with gentle pressure to rub and smear the\nproduct evenly on that section of the car, working square foot by square foot.\nWhen the applier feels too dry to continue, add a little bit more product, but\nonly use a few drops each time. When you are done smearing the product, let it\nsit for a couple of minutes. Now use a clean and very slightly damp micro-\nfiber cloth to clean it off. Repeat the process with the other parts until you\nare done with the whole car.\n\nCongratulations, you are done renewing your paint. If you want it to last in\nthis condition for much longer, you should hand glaze your car once every\ncouple of months.\n\n## Enjoy!\n\nIt's time to take your car for a ride. Be ready to receive some compliments\nfrom your friends and to turn a few heads. Good job!\n\nThis article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge.\nContent is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not\nsubstitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial,\nlegal, or technical matters.\n\n## Related\n\n * Maintenance\n\n### DIY Car Body Work and Repainting\n\nby Brian1\n\n * Cars\n\n### Is Your Car a Bird Dew Magnet? A British Study Has Determined What Color\nVehicle Birds Prefer!\n\nby C E Clark54\n\n * Buying\n\n### Top 10 Used Car Buying Tips\n\nby Lela12\n\n * Maintenance\n\n### What Are the Best Spark Plugs for My Car?\n\nby Dan Ferrell1\n\n * Mechanics\n\n### How to Earn the Highest Salary as an Automotive Technician\n\nby Eddie Carrara61\n\n## Popular\n\n * DIY Auto Repair\n\n### My Engine Cranks but Won't Start\n\nby Dan Ferrell111\n\n * DIY Auto Repair\n\n### Turn Signal Problems and Diagnosis\n\nby Dan Ferrell104\n\n * DIY Auto Repair\n\n### My Car Is Leaking Fluid: Six Liquids That May Drip From a Car\n\nby Eddie Carrara901\n\n## Comments\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n4 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nAbout Clyde horseman's comment, if you don't go lower than 2000 for initial\nsanding and you finish with 3000 that risk is very low, also there are now\n5000 grit papers available which will make pretty much all the sanding\nscratches invisible even before polish. Sorry it took months to answer but\nI've updated the hub accordingly.\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n4 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nHello G. about your question, it depends a lot on where you are and the kind\nof market you are tackling, I currently live and work in Mexico City,\ntherefore I am not up to date with what is being charged in the States or\nother countries, but for some guidance, I think for removing some scratches,\ncharging half of what you would charge for some color and clear coating a part\nwould be about fare enough. However whatever you charge is entirely up to you\nthe goal should be to make the best money you can without losing costumers due\nto charging too much.\n\n * g\n\n4 years ago\n\nive been doing paint and body work for a while but ive just started a scratch\nremoval service how much is to much to charge to sand and buff ?\n\n * clyde horseman\n\n5 years ago\n\n@pablmx, I have a question about the longevity of the polish. I'm not all too\nfamiliar with autobody care, but from what I know you don't sand unless your\npainting! Won't the polish weather away at a much faster rate than the actual\nclear coat? It just makes me scared to think of sanding my car only to replace\nit with clear coat. Thanks.\n\nhttp://alloutcustomsandcollision.com/auto-body-rep...\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n5 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nThanks Smnoman. I will be updating it soon with the most recent techniques I\nwill also be writing some more hubs on the automotive repair and refinishing\ntopics. If you have any suggestions on what you would like to read about I\nwill appreciate the feed back very much.\n\n * Blogger\n\n5 years ago\n\nIts a nice hub and thanks for it.\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n5 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nSorry for taking such a long time to answer. Your comment was the first I ever\ngot on Hubpages so I wasn't really checking that often. Now to answer your\nquestion. If by new paint you mean recently sprayed then I would suggest that\nyou final sand it with 2500 grit and use a white foam pad and supper duty\ncompound both from 3M. I'm not really good with product numbering. What type\nof polish is that you mentioned?\n\n * Don\n\n5 years ago\n\nWhat kind of pad do i need to use after new paint and clearcoat,and sanding it\nwith 1500 grit sandpaper. I have a bottle of 3m 06064 polish?\n\n * About Us\n * Editorial Policy\n * Copyright\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Advertising\n\nCopyright © 2020 HubPages Inc. and respective owners. Other product and\ncompany names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. HubPages^®\nis a registered Service Mark of HubPages, Inc. 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Non-consent will result in ComScore only processing obfuscated\npersonal data. (Privacy Policy) \nAmazon Tracking Pixel| Some articles display amazon products as part of the\nAmazon Affiliate program, this pixel provides traffic statistics for those\nproducts (Privacy Policy) \nClicksco| This is a data management platform studying reader behavior (Privacy\nPolicy)\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030024522/https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Color Sand A Car","passages":["After toiling away for months, it's hard not to start rushing to finish things up after painting your project. Problem is, after that last coat of clear has been applied, there are a few more steps you need to take so your pristine new paint job can stay that way for as long as possible. While you could just take the buffer to the car for a finish that'll look good from 20 feet away, properly finishing your paint job after clearcoating will mean the difference between a good paint job and a great paint job.","The first thing you'll need to do after you're finished applying the clearcoat (and letting it cure properly) is color-sanding. Color-sanding is where you're smoothing out the clearcoat so when it's time to buff the paint, you get the most mirror-like finish possible. While none of this is hard to do, it does require a fair amount of time, and plenty of patience.","To find out the correct way to color-sand a clearcoated paint finish, we visited Lloyd's Auto Restorations in Bartow, Florida, for a simple demo of the proper steps and techniques to color-sanding. The father and son team of Lloyd and Jeff Brekke have been restoring and rebuilding cars for more than 30 years.","You'll need to have the proper supplies like a bucket of clean water handy (doesn't matter if it's hot or cold, but a drop of dishwashing soap helps lubricate the sanding surface), 600-grit sandpaper, and a sanding block and/or pad. The reason Jeff uses 600-grit over 1,500 or 1,200 for the first sanding is to better remove the orange peel or textured surface that's the result of multiple coats of clear that have been sprayed. The more coats of clear you spray, the more orange peel tends to build up. Starting with too fine a paper will not cut off the high points but rather round them over.","For curvy surfaces on body panels, Jeff likes to use a rubber sanding pad because it better conforms to the shape of the panel's surface, ensuring even sanding and preventing you from creating grooves from the edges of the paper or a block.","On flat surfaces, Jeff uses a standard sanding block. He sands in various directions to make sure he sands evenly and reduces the risk of sanding too much in one spot of the clearcoat. This step requires you only dip the block in water and use a wet rag to keep the surface lightly wet, not saturated like in future steps.","After sanding an area, wipe it down with a clean, dry towel to check for high spots. Use an air nozzle to help dry if necessary. After the surface is dry, if you have high spots, which show as the dull areas and low spots which show as the darker or unsanded areas, this is what they'll look like. You need to sand with the 600-grit wet until all the spots like these are gone.","Repeat the sanding and drying process often to check your progress so as not to remove any more clear than necessary. While color-sanding involves a fair amount of labor, the most important thing is patience. Making sure you've sanded the clearcoat evenly in step one goes a long way toward making sure your paint will look its best after buffing. And don't even think about using a power sander.","Here's a great example of where the sanding pad is very useful. On curves in the panel like this, the pad will keep the sandpaper evenly on the panel's surface so you don't risk digging into the clearcoat and sanding through to the base/colorcoat.","The guidecoat is nothing more than an over-reduced, noncatalyzed primer or nonmetallic base color to help show the scratches left from step one (600-grit wet-sanding) and fill them in to make them more visible for the next step.","A guidecoat should be applied very lightly. If you're wondering how lightly, Jeff demonstrates here. Our test panel was sprayed so lightly that Jeff can wipe off the dry guidecoat with his fingers in an area that was not sanded.","This picture shows the difference between an unsanded surface (arrow A) and a surface that was sanded with 600-grit paper after the guidecoat was applied. You can see where the sanded surface (the part of the two stripes that isn't clear, arrow B) retains the guidecoat. Filling in these scratches allows them to be visible in the next step. This is why it's not a good idea to use guidecoat for the first sanding in 600-grit, it will plug the sandpaper before removing any clear.","Using 2,000-grit paper, wet-sand the whole surface you just applied the guidecoat to. Why a 2,000-grit paper? Jeff says the 2,000 removes the 600 scratches just fine and leaves a finer scratch to buff after color-sanding is done, which requires less buffing in the end. Always keep the surface wet and have good lighting when doing the final sanding process, it makes the scratches easier to see so you know when you've sanded enough.","Beware of edges. For curvy areas near edges use the sanding pad and sand alternating strokes both parallel and 45 degrees with the edges. This will help prevent you from removing too much edge and sanding through the clearcoat and even basecoat on the panel.","...compared with the same surface dry. See how the scratches/low spots are easier to see in the wet photo compared with the dry photo?","Here you can see how the sanding pad keeps the paper from digging into the edge of the decklid we were using for our demo. If you sand too far into one of these edges, you can end up with little or no protection on your basecoat, which'll invite fading, peeling and rust later on in the car's life.","Another advantage to using the sanding pad in this area is being able to sand slight curved areas. In this photo you can see the unsanded area near the edge because the rigid sanding block couldn't keep the paper mated to this part of the panel's surface.","Here's what the properly sanded surface will look like after, wet-sanding with 2,000-grit sandpaper. This surface, once cleaned with some soapy water will be ready for finish-buffing with a variable-speed buffer.","In case anyone asks why, here's an example of what happens if you don't use some sort of sanding block or pad. Here Jeff took a sheet of sandpaper, and using his fingers ran it over the painted surface. The three dark areas are where the paper was sanding, while the lighter areas are where the paper never removed the guidecoat. Sanding this way increases the risk of creating highs and lows in the clearcoat surface.","To contrast, here Jeff used the sanding pad (arrow). You can see where the sanding pad more evenly kept the sandpaper in contact with the painted surface, ensuring even sanding."]},"parsed_md":"Color-Sanding - How to Color Sand A Car - Hot Rod\n\n 1. home\n 2. how to\n 3. paint body\n 4. How to Color Sand - 125 Steps To Perfect Paint\n\n# How to Color Sand - 125 Steps To Perfect Paint\n\n#### A step-by-step guide to color-sanding\n\nwpengineWords\n\nApr 15, 2008\n\nAfter toiling away for months, it's hard not to start rushing to finish things\nup after painting your project. Problem is, after that last coat of clear has\nbeen applied, there are a few more steps you need to take so your pristine new\npaint job can stay that way for as long as possible. While you could just take\nthe buffer to the car for a finish that'll look good from 20 feet away,\nproperly finishing your paint job after clearcoating will mean the difference\nbetween a good paint job and a great paint job.\n\nThe first thing you'll need to do after you're finished applying the clearcoat\n(and letting it cure properly) is color-sanding. Color-sanding is where you're\nsmoothing out the clearcoat so when it's time to buff the paint, you get the\nmost mirror-like finish possible. While none of this is hard to do, it does\nrequire a fair amount of time, and plenty of patience.\n\nTo find out the correct way to color-sand a clearcoated paint finish, we\nvisited Lloyd's Auto Restorations in Bartow, Florida, for a simple demo of the\nproper steps and techniques to color-sanding. The father and son team of Lloyd\nand Jeff Brekke have been restoring and rebuilding cars for more than 30\nyears.\n\n## Steps For Color-Sanding Cars\n\nYou'll need to have the proper supplies like a bucket of clean water handy\n(doesn't matter if it's hot or cold, but a drop of dishwashing soap helps\nlubricate the sanding surface), 600-grit sandpaper, and a sanding block and/or\npad. The reason Jeff uses 600-grit over 1,500 or 1,200 for the first sanding\nis to better remove the orange peel or textured surface that's the result of\nmultiple coats of clear that have been sprayed. The more coats of clear you\nspray, the more orange peel tends to build up. Starting with too fine a paper\nwill not cut off the high points but rather round them over.\n\nFor curvy surfaces on body panels, Jeff likes to use a rubber sanding pad\nbecause it better conforms to the shape of the panel's surface, ensuring even\nsanding and preventing you from creating grooves from the edges of the paper\nor a block.\n\nOn flat surfaces, Jeff uses a standard sanding block. He sands in various\ndirections to make sure he sands evenly and reduces the risk of sanding too\nmuch in one spot of the clearcoat. This step requires you only dip the block\nin water and use a wet rag to keep the surface lightly wet, not saturated like\nin future steps.\n\n## Wipe It With Clean Towel\n\nAfter sanding an area, wipe it down with a clean, dry towel to check for high\nspots. Use an air nozzle to help dry if necessary. After the surface is dry,\nif you have high spots, which show as the dull areas and low spots which show\nas the darker or unsanded areas, this is what they'll look like. You need to\nsand with the 600-grit wet until all the spots like these are gone.\n\n## Repeat Sanding and Drying Process\n\nRepeat the sanding and drying process often to check your progress so as not\nto remove any more clear than necessary. While color-sanding involves a fair\namount of labor, the most important thing is patience. Making sure you've\nsanded the clearcoat evenly in step one goes a long way toward making sure\nyour paint will look its best after buffing. And don't even think about using\na power sander.\n\nHere's a great example of where the sanding pad is very useful. On curves in\nthe panel like this, the pad will keep the sandpaper evenly on the panel's\nsurface so you don't risk digging into the clearcoat and sanding through to\nthe base/colorcoat.\n\nThe guidecoat is nothing more than an over-reduced, noncatalyzed primer or\nnonmetallic base color to help show the scratches left from step one (600-grit\nwet-sanding) and fill them in to make them more visible for the next step.\n\n## Apply Guidecoat Lightly\n\nA guidecoat should be applied very lightly. If you're wondering how lightly,\nJeff demonstrates here. Our test panel was sprayed so lightly that Jeff can\nwipe off the dry guidecoat with his fingers in an area that was not sanded.\n\nThis picture shows the difference between an unsanded surface (arrow A) and a\nsurface that was sanded with 600-grit paper after the guidecoat was applied.\nYou can see where the sanded surface (the part of the two stripes that isn't\nclear, arrow B) retains the guidecoat. Filling in these scratches allows them\nto be visible in the next step. This is why it's not a good idea to use\nguidecoat for the first sanding in 600-grit, it will plug the sandpaper before\nremoving any clear.\n\nWith the guidecoat properly applied, it's time for the next step in our color-\nsanding process.\n\n## Wet-Sand Entire Surface Area\n\nUsing 2,000-grit paper, wet-sand the whole surface you just applied the\nguidecoat to. Why a 2,000-grit paper? Jeff says the 2,000 removes the 600\nscratches just fine and leaves a finer scratch to buff after color-sanding is\ndone, which requires less buffing in the end. Always keep the surface wet and\nhave good lighting when doing the final sanding process, it makes the\nscratches easier to see so you know when you've sanded enough.\n\nBeware of edges. For curvy areas near edges use the sanding pad and sand\nalternating strokes both parallel and 45 degrees with the edges. This will\nhelp prevent you from removing too much edge and sanding through the clearcoat\nand even basecoat on the panel.\n\nHere's how the 2000-grit sanded surface looks wet...\n\n...compared with the same surface dry. See how the scratches/low spots are\neasier to see in the wet photo compared with the dry photo?\n\nHere you can see how the sanding pad keeps the paper from digging into the\nedge of the decklid we were using for our demo. If you sand too far into one\nof these edges, you can end up with little or no protection on your basecoat,\nwhich'll invite fading, peeling and rust later on in the car's life.\n\nAnother advantage to using the sanding pad in this area is being able to sand\nslight curved areas. In this photo you can see the unsanded area near the edge\nbecause the rigid sanding block couldn't keep the paper mated to this part of\nthe panel's surface.\n\nHere's what the properly sanded surface will look like after, wet-sanding with\n2,000-grit sandpaper. This surface, once cleaned with some soapy water will be\nready for finish-buffing with a variable-speed buffer.\n\nIn case anyone asks why, here's an example of what happens if you don't use\nsome sort of sanding block or pad. Here Jeff took a sheet of sandpaper, and\nusing his fingers ran it over the painted surface. The three dark areas are\nwhere the paper was sanding, while the lighter areas are where the paper never\nremoved the guidecoat. Sanding this way increases the risk of creating highs\nand lows in the clearcoat surface.\n\nTo contrast, here Jeff used the sanding pad (arrow). You can see where the\nsanding pad more evenly kept the sandpaper in contact with the painted\nsurface, ensuring even sanding.\n\nTHE LATEST IN CAR NEWS\n\n### EMAIL NEWSLETTER SIGN-UP!\n\n#### Editor-Curated Stories Directly to Your Inbox!\n\n#### Hot Reads\n\n * ###### Why Is the Roadkill Crew Always Driving in the Dirt?\n\n * ###### 10 Weird GM Muscle Cars You’ve Never Heard Of\n\n * ###### In Memory of Fat Jack Robinson\n\n * ###### How Is a NASCAR Race Car Built? Behind the Scenes at Richard Childress Racing\n\n * ###### When HOT ROD's 1957 Plymouth Set a Top-Speed Record at NASCAR’s Speedweek\n\nShare on FacebookShare on Twitter\n\nConnect on FacebookConnect on TwitterConnect on Instagram\n\n###### MOTOR TREND NETWORK\n\n 1. Motor Trend|\n 2. Automobile Magazine|\n 3. Truck Trend|\n 4. Four Wheeler|\n 5. Super Street|\n 6. Low Rider\n\n© 2020 Hot Rod | MOTOR TREND GROUP, LLC.\n\nALL RIGHTS RESERVED.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161122082143/http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding","parsed_text":{"title":"When, Where, and How to Do it!","passages":["Do-It-Yourselfers and novice detailers often ask, “When do I turn to wet- sanding as the best form of paint correction for my vehicle?” It is a question without a simple answer, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t a few different answers, so let us start by putting the question into perspective.","The clear coat on your automobile is thinner than a dollar bill. Most paint correction specialists agree that since the top one-third of it is mostly UV protection, you would not want to remove more than 25 percent of it over the lifetime of the vehicle. Given the delicate nature of the paint and clear coat, the idea of using an abrasive like wet sand is enough to make any car lover squeamish.","Then consider the cost of “clear coat failure” ― a catastrophic term for the damage caused by a technician’s miscalculation or mistake in judgment while repairing a defect.","As Mike Phillips, one of the auto appearance industry’s most knowledgeable experts, says, “...In all the years I’ve been teaching classes... most of the people that sign-up for the advanced class to learn how to wet sand, after they learn how to do it and what’s involved, they find they don’t really want to do it.”","Now, by this point you may start to ask yourself the question, “If wet sanding is so dangerous, why is it used and why is it offered in every advanced detailing and paint correction seminar?” We respond to that question with a simple answer: Wet sanding is absolutely the most effective means for removing surface paint defects.","The catch here is that it should only be done by someone with proper training. And even then a skilled professional should use a paint gauge to first check the thickness of the paint and clear coat to ensure it will support a wet sanding process.","That said, body shops use wet sanding on a much larger level. They use it to even out new paint, to smooth out small runs and sags, to “knock down” orange peel, and remove any debris that fell on the paint while it was wet. By following up the wet sanding with a rubbing compound, the paint will virtually come back to life and give the vehicle the smooth, glassy look car owners love; however, unless you are painting an entire car by yourself, you are not likely to use wet sanding in that way.","In terms of using wet sanding for larger jobs, we recommend exhausting all other options first. For instance, you may want to apply a compound to the entire vehicle first ― something like Correcting Polish, which is remarkably abrasive. If CP does not remove the deeper scratches or acid rain etching, you can then spot sand those spots.","Keep in mind that compounding or wet sanding does remove clear coat. Many detailers feel you have some wiggle room with the UV layers in the clear coat; however, one-third of the thickness of a Ziploc sandwich bag isn’t much at all, and one color correction is not the end of it. Assuming you or the car owner keeps the car for several years, you will require multiple cleanings, polishing, and in perfect cases, an annual color correction to maintain the paint and keep it free from swirls. You do not want to cut it so close on the first correction that you have no room to go from there.","One of the less dangerous applications for wet sanding is in leveling touch- ups. By going lightly over a few localized spots with wet sandpaper, technicians can use spot sanding to “haze up” the paint enough to make polishing easier","There are also cases where wet sanding is more effective than compounding. It doesn’t create the amount of heat that compounding does, yet, it is easy to get too aggressive. Mastering the “right touch” takes practice and finesse. In the same way you can burn the paint with a rotary buffer if not handled correctly, you can dig too deep with sand grit.","As many professionals admit, neither compounding nor wet sanding is for the weak at heart. Even the most experienced detailing and paint correction specialists are aware they have very little room for mistakes and they would not risk weakening the paint or clear coat on a $100,000 automobile any more than they would a $15,000 vehicle. Again, according to Mike Phillips, “Sanding is the easy part. That is putting scratches into the paint. The tricky part is getting them out.”","There are times when wet sanding simply will not work, for instance defects that are deep enough that they cut through the clear coat and paint, all the way to the metal. This is common in vehicles that sit outside, uncovered for a couple of years, and suffer from deep acid rain etching. We also do not recommend using wet sand to remove contaminants since clay bar is the best way to do that. And here is another tip: never wet sand the basecoat! The basecoat is very thin and provides all the color on the vehicle. If you try it, you will find yourself sanding metal with a visit to the closest paint and body shop in your future!","On the other hand, I think personality has a lot to do with it. Most of the detailers I know approach the paint on every car with the same intolerance for imperfections that make them geniuses at their trade. If there are still heavy imperfections you feel compelled to remove or lighten, after compounding, buffing, and polishing have failed, then spot wet sanding is the best process for doing that.","This compulsion to remove flaws the average customer would never notice, lead some to claim paint correction professionals do it for the money they can charge. I find that unlikely since most of them are much more concerned about the quality of their work than the monetary return. Multistage paint correction is a passion rarely if ever driven by money.","Over all, it is good to have a healthy skepticism about when to wet sand, but fear should not prevent you from doing it if experience and training back up the need. So wrapping up, “When do I turn to wet-sanding as the best form of paint correction for a vehicle?”"]},"parsed_md":"Wet Sanding - When, Where, and How to Do it!\n\n * HOME\n * ABOUT US\n * DETAILING TIPS\n * HOW TO\n * MEDIA\n\n * PHOTOS\n * VIDEOS\n * CATEGORIES\n\n * Beginner’s Guide to Detailing\n * How To\n * Matte Car Care\n * Motorcycle Care\n * Paintwork Protection\n * Product Previews\n * Professional Detailers\n * Remove Scratches from Black Paint\n * Removing Car Smells\n * The Detail\n * The Future of Detailing\n * Tips\n * Tool Reviews\n * ASK THE DOCTOR\n\n# Wet Sanding – Who? What? Where? When? How?\n\nPosted by Jim Lafeber on 03.21.14\n\nTo Sand or Not to Sand.... That is the Question!\n\nDo-It-Yourselfers and novice detailers often ask, “When do I turn to wet-\nsanding as the best form of paint correction for my vehicle?” It is a question\nwithout a simple answer, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t a few different\nanswers, so let us start by putting the question into perspective.\n\nThe clear coat on your automobile is thinner than a dollar bill. Most paint\ncorrection specialists agree that since the top one-third of it is mostly UV\nprotection, you would not want to remove more than 25 percent of it over the\nlifetime of the vehicle. Given the delicate nature of the paint and clear\ncoat, the idea of using an abrasive like wet sand is enough to make any car\nlover squeamish.\n\nThen consider the cost of “clear coat failure” ― a catastrophic term for the\ndamage caused by a technician’s miscalculation or mistake in judgment while\nrepairing a defect.\n\nAs Mike Phillips, one of the auto appearance industry’s most knowledgeable\nexperts, says, “...In all the years I’ve been teaching classes... most of the\npeople that sign-up for the advanced class to learn how to wet sand, after\nthey learn how to do it and what’s involved, they find they don’t really want\nto do it.”\n\nNow, by this point you may start to ask yourself the question, “If wet sanding\nis so dangerous, why is it used and why is it offered in every advanced\ndetailing and paint correction seminar?” We respond to that question with a\nsimple answer: Wet sanding is absolutely the most effective means for removing\nsurface paint defects.\n\nThe catch here is that it should only be done by someone with proper training.\nAnd even then a skilled professional should use a paint gauge to first check\nthe thickness of the paint and clear coat to ensure it will support a wet\nsanding process.\n\nThat said, body shops use wet sanding on a much larger level. They use it to\neven out new paint, to smooth out small runs and sags, to “knock down” orange\npeel, and remove any debris that fell on the paint while it was wet. By\nfollowing up the wet sanding with a rubbing compound, the paint will virtually\ncome back to life and give the vehicle the smooth, glassy look car owners\nlove; however, unless you are painting an entire car by yourself, you are not\nlikely to use wet sanding in that way.\n\nIn terms of using wet sanding for larger jobs, we recommend exhausting all\nother options first. For instance, you may want to apply a compound to the\nentire vehicle first ― something like Correcting Polish, which is remarkably\nabrasive. If CP does not remove the deeper scratches or acid rain etching, you\ncan then spot sand those spots.\n\nKeep in mind that compounding or wet sanding does remove clear coat. Many\ndetailers feel you have some wiggle room with the UV layers in the clear coat;\nhowever, one-third of the thickness of a Ziploc sandwich bag isn’t much at\nall, and one color correction is not the end of it. Assuming you or the car\nowner keeps the car for several years, you will require multiple cleanings,\npolishing, and in perfect cases, an annual color correction to maintain the\npaint and keep it free from swirls. You do not want to cut it so close on the\nfirst correction that you have no room to go from there.\n\nOne of the less dangerous applications for wet sanding is in leveling touch-\nups. By going lightly over a few localized spots with wet sandpaper,\ntechnicians can use spot sanding to “haze up” the paint enough to make\npolishing easier\n\nThere are also cases where wet sanding is more effective than compounding. It\ndoesn’t create the amount of heat that compounding does, yet, it is easy to\nget too aggressive. Mastering the “right touch” takes practice and finesse. In\nthe same way you can burn the paint with a rotary buffer if not handled\ncorrectly, you can dig too deep with sand grit.\n\nAs many professionals admit, neither compounding nor wet sanding is for the\nweak at heart. Even the most experienced detailing and paint correction\nspecialists are aware they have very little room for mistakes and they would\nnot risk weakening the paint or clear coat on a $100,000 automobile any more\nthan they would a $15,000 vehicle. Again, according to Mike Phillips, “Sanding\nis the easy part. That is putting scratches into the paint. The tricky part is\ngetting them out.”\n\nThere are times when wet sanding simply will not work, for instance defects\nthat are deep enough that they cut through the clear coat and paint, all the\nway to the metal. This is common in vehicles that sit outside, uncovered for a\ncouple of years, and suffer from deep acid rain etching. We also do not\nrecommend using wet sand to remove contaminants since clay bar is the best way\nto do that. And here is another tip: never wet sand the basecoat! The basecoat\nis very thin and provides all the color on the vehicle. If you try it, you\nwill find yourself sanding metal with a visit to the closest paint and body\nshop in your future!\n\nOn the other hand, I think personality has a lot to do with it. Most of the\ndetailers I know approach the paint on every car with the same intolerance for\nimperfections that make them geniuses at their trade. If there are still heavy\nimperfections you feel compelled to remove or lighten, after compounding,\nbuffing, and polishing have failed, then spot wet sanding is the best process\nfor doing that.\n\nThis compulsion to remove flaws the average customer would never notice, lead\nsome to claim paint correction professionals do it for the money they can\ncharge. I find that unlikely since most of them are much more concerned about\nthe quality of their work than the monetary return. Multistage paint\ncorrection is a passion rarely if ever driven by money.\n\nOver all, it is good to have a healthy skepticism about when to wet sand, but\nfear should not prevent you from doing it if experience and training back up\nthe need. So wrapping up, “When do I turn to wet-sanding as the best form of\npaint correction for a vehicle?”\n\nOur short answer is, “Not often, but occasionally, and carefully!”\n\nCategories: Behind the Detail, Featured, How To, Professional Detailers, Tips\n\nTags: correction, polishing, Scratching, wet sanding\n\n * Pingback: Removing Skunk Spray From a Painted Car - The Mystery()\n\n#### LET’S CONNECT\n\nTwitterFlickrFacebookGoogle+YoutubePinterest\n\n### VISIT OUR ONLINE STORE\n\n### DOWNLOAD WALLPAPER OF THE WEEK\n\n#### CATEGORIES\n\n * Beginner’s Guide to Detailing\n * Remove Scratches from Black Paint\n * Behind the Detail\n * Removing Car Smells\n * How To\n * The Detail\n * Matte Car Care\n * The Future of Detailing\n * Motorcycle Care\n * Tips\n * Paintwork Protection\n * Tool Reviews\n * Product Previews\n * Videos & Media\n * Professional Detailers\n\n#### POPULAR POSTS\n\n * Top 5 Leather Cleaning Tips\n * What's The Deal With Orange Peel?\n * Pros and Cons of Clear Bra Paint Protection Film\n * Wheelz Up 2015 Porsche GT3\n * Our Nano Coating on a Mercedes E220 by Tansel Detailing\n\nAvatars by Sterling Adventures\n\n© 2013 Behind the Detail | Dr. Beasley's, Inc.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812232136/https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Sand and Polish a Car so the Paint Looks Good as New\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This technique is not guaranteed to work with every car. However, it will work on 90% of vehicles made after 1990 or that have been repainted within the last 15 years. Before taking any action, read this guide thoroughly and make sure you understand every step. If you have any questions, I will be around to answer, so go ahead and ask.\",\n \"This is what is done at most auto body shops after a car is painted to ensure top-quality finishes. However, the purpose of this guide is to help anyone with an old paint job to revitalize it without spending the $300-$500 or more that the average shop will charge for this job.\",\n \"Sandpaper, the wet sanding kind. The grades you will need are 2000 and 3000 (preferentially the foamy type) and possibly 1200 or 1500.\",\n \"You can get all this things at an auto parts store. You might be looking at spending about 150 dollars (if you buy a buffer), but you will have a tool that will last you many years and enough supplies to do three complete buff jobs or more.\",\n \"There are many different ways to go about this, depending on the current state of your paint job and your goal. If your paint is very dull and has many small scratches, you might want to go all the way, starting from step two. If it's in pretty good shape but you want to give it that extra shine to make it look good as new, then you might want to skip steps two through four and get straight to buffing, although step four is always recommended for that deep and slick professional look. If it's somewhere in between then you may start on step three.\",\n \"This step is only recommended if your paint job is around 12 or more years old, has many small scratches, or looks like it was poorly painted. Before you go and sand the whole car, do a test on a small area; a lower corner in the rear bumper is a great place to do your test.\",\n \"Should you use 1200 or 1500? It depends on how bad the paint is. Both are very similar sand grades, but while 1200 is faster, it might be harder to get rid the scratches it will make. It is up to you; I use 1500 most of the time in cases that need it. Moving on:\",\n \"Fill a bucket with water and a small amount of soap, cut your sandpaper sheet in two halves, hold it horizontally and cut a vertical line right in the middle. Let one half sit in the water for about five minutes before you begin, then wrap your sandpaper around your sanding squeegee. If you cut your sandpaper correctly it will fold in three equal parts. Now start sanding your test area by laying your squeegee flat on the surface and sliding it left and right a few times then moving down and repeating the pattern. You can use your squeegee to dry a small area very quickly. Do this from time to time to check your progress. If you can sand to a perfectly flat finish without the color coming off (you will notice the water getting tinted if this occurs), you are good to go.\",\n \"Do this to the entire car. Make sure not to overdo it, as you could ruin your paint. If you notice that there's color coming off, it's time to stop and move on (you should move on way before that happens). Avoid sanding in places where you won't be able to polish with the buffer, such as edges, around plastic or rubber trims, and around door handles. Rinse and and clean every part after you are done with it. We are ready to move on to step three.\",\n \"The purpose of step three is to make any scratches caused by the 1200 or 1500 sandpaper to disappear. If you skipped step two, you will need to do the test described in that step except with 2000 grit; if your paint is fairly new, you can go straight to step four.\",\n \"You will spend about the same amount of time wet sanding with 2000 as you did with 1200 or 1500 grit, but you will need to be more careful and keep track of the parts you are done with. For an untrained eye, there won't be a noticeable difference between the two types of scratches, so just make sure you sand evenly and thoroughly, though, once again, be careful not to overdo it. The sanding pattern is the same as in step two. Don't forget to rinse and clean each part before and after you are done.\",\n \"Step four is basically the same as step three, but you will be using a 3000 fine-grade sandpaper. This step can (in theory) be skipped if you have a rubbing compound that will buff out 2000 grit scratches, which works mostly on lighter color cars. However step four is highly recommended if you want the ultimate finish. Another plus is that you will spend less time buffing if you do it.\",\n \"Get ready, the best part is about to start. At this point, you might be sick of wet sanding, but you are about to find out why it was worth it. Start by making sure your buffing pad is perfectly clean and properly attached to your buffer. Make sure to avoid getting the cable in the way since it might cause a serious accident if it gets trapped by the spinning part of the buffer. One way to make sure you prevent this is to pass the cable over your shoulder, keeping the slack behind your back. This will also help you avoid scratching your paint with it.\",\n \"Add rubbing compound and start buffing. Do this in sections of about a square foot at a time, for best results. Use an orderly motion: left to right, right to left and then down and repeat the pattern. Repeat this step until you are satisfied with the result, it usually takes about 2-3 passes to obtain an awesome shine. Never use too much speed or too much compound. Most buffers have a revolutions regulator, which you should set at mid speed. After you are satisfied with each part, do a final pass, lowering the revs a little.\",\n \"After you are done buffing, switch to the black finishing pad. Do a slow pass with a finishing grade polish and make sure to dampen your pad a little now and then to avoid burning the paint.\",\n \"Clean every part after you are done with it. Make sure you clean every edge very well before the polish hardens up; I recommend that you use a damp micro- fiber cloth. You can use an old toothbrush or clean paint brush to clean the places that are hard to get into, but be careful not to use too much pressure in order to avoid scratching.\",\n \"By this point your car should look awesomely shiny but it might show the pattern that you followed with the polish if you see it under direct light. That's the reason why you will need to do this step. I recommend that you use a silicon-based hand glaze product rather than a wax-based one, simply because it gives me better results and it seems to have a longer lasting effect. Either type you choose will give your paint a thin protection layer and a little extra shine. Make sure you do this in the shade; direct sunlight might cause the glaze to dry too quickly and stain your freshly buffed car.\",\n \"Apply a small amount directly on the first part you will glaze (a few drops is enough), then use the applier with gentle pressure to rub and smear the product evenly on that section of the car, working square foot by square foot. When the applier feels too dry to continue, add a little bit more product, but only use a few drops each time. When you are done smearing the product, let it sit for a couple of minutes. Now use a clean and very slightly damp micro- fiber cloth to clean it off. Repeat the process with the other parts until you are done with the whole car.\",\n \"Congratulations, you are done renewing your paint. If you want it to last in this condition for much longer, you should hand glaze your car once every couple of months.\",\n \"It's time to take your car for a ride. Be ready to receive some compliments from your friends and to turn a few heads. Good job!\",\n \"This article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge. Content is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not substitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial, legal, or technical matters.\",\n \"About Clyde horseman's comment, if you don't go lower than 2000 for initial sanding and you finish with 3000 that risk is very low, also there are now 5000 grit papers available which will make pretty much all the sanding scratches invisible even before polish. Sorry it took months to answer but I've updated the hub accordingly.\",\n \"Hello G. about your question, it depends a lot on where you are and the kind of market you are tackling, I currently live and work in Mexico City, therefore I am not up to date with what is being charged in the States or other countries, but for some guidance, I think for removing some scratches, charging half of what you would charge for some color and clear coating a part would be about fare enough. However whatever you charge is entirely up to you the goal should be to make the best money you can without losing costumers due to charging too much.\",\n \"ive been doing paint and body work for a while but ive just started a scratch removal service how much is to much to charge to sand and buff ?\",\n \"@pablmx, I have a question about the longevity of the polish. I'm not all too familiar with autobody care, but from what I know you don't sand unless your painting! Won't the polish weather away at a much faster rate than the actual clear coat? It just makes me scared to think of sanding my car only to replace it with clear coat. Thanks.\",\n \"Thanks Smnoman. I will be updating it soon with the most recent techniques I will also be writing some more hubs on the automotive repair and refinishing topics. If you have any suggestions on what you would like to read about I will appreciate the feed back very much.\",\n \"Sorry for taking such a long time to answer. Your comment was the first I ever got on Hubpages so I wasn't really checking that often. Now to answer your question. If by new paint you mean recently sprayed then I would suggest that you final sand it with 2500 grit and use a white foam pad and supper duty compound both from 3M. I'm not really good with product numbering. What type of polish is that you mentioned?\",\n \"What kind of pad do i need to use after new paint and clearcoat,and sanding it with 1500 grit sandpaper. I have a bottle of 3m 06064 polish?\",\n \"Copyright © 2020 HubPages Inc. and respective owners. Other product and company names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. HubPages^® is a registered Service Mark of HubPages, Inc. HubPages and Hubbers (authors) may earn revenue on this page based on affiliate relationships and advertisements with partners including Amazon, Google, and others.\",\n \"As a user in the EEA, your approval is needed on a few things. To provide a better website experience, axleaddict.com uses cookies (and other similar technologies) and may collect, process, and share personal data. Please choose which areas of our service you consent to our doing so.\",\n \"HubPages Device ID| This is used to identify particular browsers or devices when the access the service, and is used for security reasons. Login| This is necessary to sign in to the HubPages Service. Google Recaptcha| This is used to prevent bots and spam. 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(Privacy Policy) Amazon Tracking Pixel| Some articles display amazon products as part of the Amazon Affiliate program, this pixel provides traffic statistics for those products (Privacy Policy) Clicksco| This is a data management platform studying reader behavior (Privacy Policy)\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Sand and Polish a Car so the Paint Looks Good as New | AxleAddict\\n\\nMORE\\n\\nSign InJoin\\n\\n8\\n\\n * AxleAddict\\n\\n»\\n\\n * Auto Repair\\n\\n»\\n\\n * DIY Auto Repair\\n\\n# How to Sand and Polish a Car so the Paint Looks Good as New\\n\\nUpdated on January 25, 2019\\n\\nPablo Marroquín\\n\\nmore\\n\\nI started a trade in the automotive body and refinishing industry which is the\\nfamily trade.\\n\\nContact Author\\n\\nHow to sand and polish a vehicle. | Source\\n\\nThis technique is not guaranteed to work with every car. However, it will work\\non 90% of vehicles made after 1990 or that have been repainted within the last\\n15 years. Before taking any action, read this guide thoroughly and make sure\\nyou understand every step. If you have any questions, I will be around to\\nanswer, so go ahead and ask.\\n\\nThis is what is done at most auto body shops after a car is painted to ensure\\ntop-quality finishes. However, the purpose of this guide is to help anyone\\nwith an old paint job to revitalize it without spending the $300-$500 or more\\nthat the average shop will charge for this job.\\n\\nDo this at your own risk. This technique is not guaranteed to work with every\\ncar.\\n\\n## You Will Need\\n\\n * A lot of spare time. This might take you a couple of days to finish.\\n * Sandpaper, the wet sanding kind. The grades you will need are 2000 and 3000 (preferentially the foamy type) and possibly 1200 or 1500.\\n * A sanding squeegee\\n * A couple of micro-fiber cloths\\n * A bucket, water, and liquid soap\\n * Medium-grade rubbing compound and fine grade polish\\n * A hand-glaze product and an applier\\n * A buffer tool, a buffing foam pad (white, harder foam), and a finishing foam pad (black, softer foam)\\n\\nYou can get all this things at an auto parts store. You might be looking at\\nspending about 150 dollars (if you buy a buffer), but you will have a tool\\nthat will last you many years and enough supplies to do three complete buff\\njobs or more.\\n\\n## Step One: Evaluate\\n\\nThere are many different ways to go about this, depending on the current state\\nof your paint job and your goal. If your paint is very dull and has many small\\nscratches, you might want to go all the way, starting from step two. If it's\\nin pretty good shape but you want to give it that extra shine to make it look\\ngood as new, then you might want to skip steps two through four and get\\nstraight to buffing, although step four is always recommended for that deep\\nand slick professional look. If it's somewhere in between then you may start\\non step three.\\n\\nA professional wet sanding one of his own vehicles.\\n\\n## Step Two: Test and Wet Sand With 1200 or 1500 Sandpaper\\n\\nThis step is only recommended if your paint job is around 12 or more years\\nold, has many small scratches, or looks like it was poorly painted. Before you\\ngo and sand the whole car, do a test on a small area; a lower corner in the\\nrear bumper is a great place to do your test.\\n\\nShould you use 1200 or 1500? It depends on how bad the paint is. Both are very\\nsimilar sand grades, but while 1200 is faster, it might be harder to get rid\\nthe scratches it will make. It is up to you; I use 1500 most of the time in\\ncases that need it. Moving on:\\n\\nFill a bucket with water and a small amount of soap, cut your sandpaper sheet\\nin two halves, hold it horizontally and cut a vertical line right in the\\nmiddle. Let one half sit in the water for about five minutes before you begin,\\nthen wrap your sandpaper around your sanding squeegee. If you cut your\\nsandpaper correctly it will fold in three equal parts. Now start sanding your\\ntest area by laying your squeegee flat on the surface and sliding it left and\\nright a few times then moving down and repeating the pattern. You can use your\\nsqueegee to dry a small area very quickly. Do this from time to time to check\\nyour progress. If you can sand to a perfectly flat finish without the color\\ncoming off (you will notice the water getting tinted if this occurs), you are\\ngood to go.\\n\\nDo this to the entire car. Make sure not to overdo it, as you could ruin your\\npaint. If you notice that there's color coming off, it's time to stop and move\\non (you should move on way before that happens). Avoid sanding in places where\\nyou won't be able to polish with the buffer, such as edges, around plastic or\\nrubber trims, and around door handles. Rinse and and clean every part after\\nyou are done with it. We are ready to move on to step three.\\n\\n## Step Three and Four: Wet Sand With 2000 and 3000 Fine Grade\\n\\nThe purpose of step three is to make any scratches caused by the 1200 or 1500\\nsandpaper to disappear. If you skipped step two, you will need to do the test\\ndescribed in that step except with 2000 grit; if your paint is fairly new, you\\ncan go straight to step four.\\n\\nYou will spend about the same amount of time wet sanding with 2000 as you did\\nwith 1200 or 1500 grit, but you will need to be more careful and keep track of\\nthe parts you are done with. For an untrained eye, there won't be a noticeable\\ndifference between the two types of scratches, so just make sure you sand\\nevenly and thoroughly, though, once again, be careful not to overdo it. The\\nsanding pattern is the same as in step two. Don't forget to rinse and clean\\neach part before and after you are done.\\n\\nStep four is basically the same as step three, but you will be using a 3000\\nfine-grade sandpaper. This step can (in theory) be skipped if you have a\\nrubbing compound that will buff out 2000 grit scratches, which works mostly on\\nlighter color cars. However step four is highly recommended if you want the\\nultimate finish. Another plus is that you will spend less time buffing if you\\ndo it.\\n\\n## Step Five: Polish\\n\\nGet ready, the best part is about to start. At this point, you might be sick\\nof wet sanding, but you are about to find out why it was worth it. Start by\\nmaking sure your buffing pad is perfectly clean and properly attached to your\\nbuffer. Make sure to avoid getting the cable in the way since it might cause a\\nserious accident if it gets trapped by the spinning part of the buffer. One\\nway to make sure you prevent this is to pass the cable over your shoulder,\\nkeeping the slack behind your back. This will also help you avoid scratching\\nyour paint with it.\\n\\nAdd rubbing compound and start buffing. Do this in sections of about a square\\nfoot at a time, for best results. Use an orderly motion: left to right, right\\nto left and then down and repeat the pattern. Repeat this step until you are\\nsatisfied with the result, it usually takes about 2-3 passes to obtain an\\nawesome shine. Never use too much speed or too much compound. Most buffers\\nhave a revolutions regulator, which you should set at mid speed. After you are\\nsatisfied with each part, do a final pass, lowering the revs a little.\\n\\nAfter you are done buffing, switch to the black finishing pad. Do a slow pass\\nwith a finishing grade polish and make sure to dampen your pad a little now\\nand then to avoid burning the paint.\\n\\nClean every part after you are done with it. Make sure you clean every edge\\nvery well before the polish hardens up; I recommend that you use a damp micro-\\nfiber cloth. You can use an old toothbrush or clean paint brush to clean the\\nplaces that are hard to get into, but be careful not to use too much pressure\\nin order to avoid scratching.\\n\\nA thoroughly glazed part before cleaning\\n\\n## Step Six: Hand Glaze\\n\\nBy this point your car should look awesomely shiny but it might show the\\npattern that you followed with the polish if you see it under direct light.\\nThat's the reason why you will need to do this step. I recommend that you use\\na silicon-based hand glaze product rather than a wax-based one, simply because\\nit gives me better results and it seems to have a longer lasting effect.\\nEither type you choose will give your paint a thin protection layer and a\\nlittle extra shine. Make sure you do this in the shade; direct sunlight might\\ncause the glaze to dry too quickly and stain your freshly buffed car.\\n\\nApply a small amount directly on the first part you will glaze (a few drops is\\nenough), then use the applier with gentle pressure to rub and smear the\\nproduct evenly on that section of the car, working square foot by square foot.\\nWhen the applier feels too dry to continue, add a little bit more product, but\\nonly use a few drops each time. When you are done smearing the product, let it\\nsit for a couple of minutes. Now use a clean and very slightly damp micro-\\nfiber cloth to clean it off. Repeat the process with the other parts until you\\nare done with the whole car.\\n\\nCongratulations, you are done renewing your paint. If you want it to last in\\nthis condition for much longer, you should hand glaze your car once every\\ncouple of months.\\n\\n## Enjoy!\\n\\nIt's time to take your car for a ride. Be ready to receive some compliments\\nfrom your friends and to turn a few heads. Good job!\\n\\nThis article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge.\\nContent is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not\\nsubstitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial,\\nlegal, or technical matters.\\n\\n## Related\\n\\n * Maintenance\\n\\n### DIY Car Body Work and Repainting\\n\\nby Brian1\\n\\n * Cars\\n\\n### Is Your Car a Bird Dew Magnet? A British Study Has Determined What Color\\nVehicle Birds Prefer!\\n\\nby C E Clark54\\n\\n * Buying\\n\\n### Top 10 Used Car Buying Tips\\n\\nby Lela12\\n\\n * Maintenance\\n\\n### What Are the Best Spark Plugs for My Car?\\n\\nby Dan Ferrell1\\n\\n * Mechanics\\n\\n### How to Earn the Highest Salary as an Automotive Technician\\n\\nby Eddie Carrara61\\n\\n## Popular\\n\\n * DIY Auto Repair\\n\\n### My Engine Cranks but Won't Start\\n\\nby Dan Ferrell111\\n\\n * DIY Auto Repair\\n\\n### Turn Signal Problems and Diagnosis\\n\\nby Dan Ferrell104\\n\\n * DIY Auto Repair\\n\\n### My Car Is Leaking Fluid: Six Liquids That May Drip From a Car\\n\\nby Eddie Carrara901\\n\\n## Comments\\n\\n * AUTHOR\\n\\nPablo Marroquín\\n\\n4 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\\n\\nAbout Clyde horseman's comment, if you don't go lower than 2000 for initial\\nsanding and you finish with 3000 that risk is very low, also there are now\\n5000 grit papers available which will make pretty much all the sanding\\nscratches invisible even before polish. Sorry it took months to answer but\\nI've updated the hub accordingly.\\n\\n * AUTHOR\\n\\nPablo Marroquín\\n\\n4 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\\n\\nHello G. about your question, it depends a lot on where you are and the kind\\nof market you are tackling, I currently live and work in Mexico City,\\ntherefore I am not up to date with what is being charged in the States or\\nother countries, but for some guidance, I think for removing some scratches,\\ncharging half of what you would charge for some color and clear coating a part\\nwould be about fare enough. However whatever you charge is entirely up to you\\nthe goal should be to make the best money you can without losing costumers due\\nto charging too much.\\n\\n * g\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nive been doing paint and body work for a while but ive just started a scratch\\nremoval service how much is to much to charge to sand and buff ?\\n\\n * clyde horseman\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\n@pablmx, I have a question about the longevity of the polish. I'm not all too\\nfamiliar with autobody care, but from what I know you don't sand unless your\\npainting! Won't the polish weather away at a much faster rate than the actual\\nclear coat? It just makes me scared to think of sanding my car only to replace\\nit with clear coat. Thanks.\\n\\nhttp://alloutcustomsandcollision.com/auto-body-rep...\\n\\n * AUTHOR\\n\\nPablo Marroquín\\n\\n5 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\\n\\nThanks Smnoman. I will be updating it soon with the most recent techniques I\\nwill also be writing some more hubs on the automotive repair and refinishing\\ntopics. If you have any suggestions on what you would like to read about I\\nwill appreciate the feed back very much.\\n\\n * Blogger\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nIts a nice hub and thanks for it.\\n\\n * AUTHOR\\n\\nPablo Marroquín\\n\\n5 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\\n\\nSorry for taking such a long time to answer. Your comment was the first I ever\\ngot on Hubpages so I wasn't really checking that often. Now to answer your\\nquestion. If by new paint you mean recently sprayed then I would suggest that\\nyou final sand it with 2500 grit and use a white foam pad and supper duty\\ncompound both from 3M. I'm not really good with product numbering. What type\\nof polish is that you mentioned?\\n\\n * Don\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nWhat kind of pad do i need to use after new paint and clearcoat,and sanding it\\nwith 1500 grit sandpaper. I have a bottle of 3m 06064 polish?\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Editorial Policy\\n * Copyright\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Advertising\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 HubPages Inc. and respective owners. Other product and\\ncompany names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. HubPages^®\\nis a registered Service Mark of HubPages, Inc. HubPages and Hubbers (authors)\\nmay earn revenue on this page based on affiliate relationships and\\nadvertisements with partners including Amazon, Google, and others.\\n\\nHubPages Inc, a part of Maven Inc.\\n\\nSign InJoin\\n\\n### Auto Repair\\n\\n * DIY Auto Repair\\n * Maintenance\\n * Mechanics\\n\\nShow All Categories\\n\\n### Connect with us\\n\\n### About Us\\n\\n * Editorial Policy\\n * Copyright\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Advertising\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 HubPages Inc. and respective owners. 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(Privacy Policy) \\nComscore| ComScore is a media measurement and analytics company providing\\nmarketing data and analytics to enterprises, media and advertising agencies,\\nand publishers. Non-consent will result in ComScore only processing obfuscated\\npersonal data. (Privacy Policy) \\nAmazon Tracking Pixel| Some articles display amazon products as part of the\\nAmazon Affiliate program, this pixel provides traffic statistics for those\\nproducts (Privacy Policy) \\nClicksco| This is a data management platform studying reader behavior (Privacy\\nPolicy)\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030024522/https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Color Sand A Car\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"After toiling away for months, it's hard not to start rushing to finish things up after painting your project. Problem is, after that last coat of clear has been applied, there are a few more steps you need to take so your pristine new paint job can stay that way for as long as possible. While you could just take the buffer to the car for a finish that'll look good from 20 feet away, properly finishing your paint job after clearcoating will mean the difference between a good paint job and a great paint job.\",\n \"The first thing you'll need to do after you're finished applying the clearcoat (and letting it cure properly) is color-sanding. Color-sanding is where you're smoothing out the clearcoat so when it's time to buff the paint, you get the most mirror-like finish possible. While none of this is hard to do, it does require a fair amount of time, and plenty of patience.\",\n \"To find out the correct way to color-sand a clearcoated paint finish, we visited Lloyd's Auto Restorations in Bartow, Florida, for a simple demo of the proper steps and techniques to color-sanding. The father and son team of Lloyd and Jeff Brekke have been restoring and rebuilding cars for more than 30 years.\",\n \"You'll need to have the proper supplies like a bucket of clean water handy (doesn't matter if it's hot or cold, but a drop of dishwashing soap helps lubricate the sanding surface), 600-grit sandpaper, and a sanding block and/or pad. The reason Jeff uses 600-grit over 1,500 or 1,200 for the first sanding is to better remove the orange peel or textured surface that's the result of multiple coats of clear that have been sprayed. The more coats of clear you spray, the more orange peel tends to build up. Starting with too fine a paper will not cut off the high points but rather round them over.\",\n \"For curvy surfaces on body panels, Jeff likes to use a rubber sanding pad because it better conforms to the shape of the panel's surface, ensuring even sanding and preventing you from creating grooves from the edges of the paper or a block.\",\n \"On flat surfaces, Jeff uses a standard sanding block. He sands in various directions to make sure he sands evenly and reduces the risk of sanding too much in one spot of the clearcoat. This step requires you only dip the block in water and use a wet rag to keep the surface lightly wet, not saturated like in future steps.\",\n \"After sanding an area, wipe it down with a clean, dry towel to check for high spots. Use an air nozzle to help dry if necessary. After the surface is dry, if you have high spots, which show as the dull areas and low spots which show as the darker or unsanded areas, this is what they'll look like. You need to sand with the 600-grit wet until all the spots like these are gone.\",\n \"Repeat the sanding and drying process often to check your progress so as not to remove any more clear than necessary. While color-sanding involves a fair amount of labor, the most important thing is patience. Making sure you've sanded the clearcoat evenly in step one goes a long way toward making sure your paint will look its best after buffing. And don't even think about using a power sander.\",\n \"Here's a great example of where the sanding pad is very useful. On curves in the panel like this, the pad will keep the sandpaper evenly on the panel's surface so you don't risk digging into the clearcoat and sanding through to the base/colorcoat.\",\n \"The guidecoat is nothing more than an over-reduced, noncatalyzed primer or nonmetallic base color to help show the scratches left from step one (600-grit wet-sanding) and fill them in to make them more visible for the next step.\",\n \"A guidecoat should be applied very lightly. If you're wondering how lightly, Jeff demonstrates here. Our test panel was sprayed so lightly that Jeff can wipe off the dry guidecoat with his fingers in an area that was not sanded.\",\n \"This picture shows the difference between an unsanded surface (arrow A) and a surface that was sanded with 600-grit paper after the guidecoat was applied. You can see where the sanded surface (the part of the two stripes that isn't clear, arrow B) retains the guidecoat. Filling in these scratches allows them to be visible in the next step. This is why it's not a good idea to use guidecoat for the first sanding in 600-grit, it will plug the sandpaper before removing any clear.\",\n \"Using 2,000-grit paper, wet-sand the whole surface you just applied the guidecoat to. Why a 2,000-grit paper? Jeff says the 2,000 removes the 600 scratches just fine and leaves a finer scratch to buff after color-sanding is done, which requires less buffing in the end. Always keep the surface wet and have good lighting when doing the final sanding process, it makes the scratches easier to see so you know when you've sanded enough.\",\n \"Beware of edges. For curvy areas near edges use the sanding pad and sand alternating strokes both parallel and 45 degrees with the edges. This will help prevent you from removing too much edge and sanding through the clearcoat and even basecoat on the panel.\",\n \"...compared with the same surface dry. See how the scratches/low spots are easier to see in the wet photo compared with the dry photo?\",\n \"Here you can see how the sanding pad keeps the paper from digging into the edge of the decklid we were using for our demo. If you sand too far into one of these edges, you can end up with little or no protection on your basecoat, which'll invite fading, peeling and rust later on in the car's life.\",\n \"Another advantage to using the sanding pad in this area is being able to sand slight curved areas. In this photo you can see the unsanded area near the edge because the rigid sanding block couldn't keep the paper mated to this part of the panel's surface.\",\n \"Here's what the properly sanded surface will look like after, wet-sanding with 2,000-grit sandpaper. This surface, once cleaned with some soapy water will be ready for finish-buffing with a variable-speed buffer.\",\n \"In case anyone asks why, here's an example of what happens if you don't use some sort of sanding block or pad. Here Jeff took a sheet of sandpaper, and using his fingers ran it over the painted surface. The three dark areas are where the paper was sanding, while the lighter areas are where the paper never removed the guidecoat. Sanding this way increases the risk of creating highs and lows in the clearcoat surface.\",\n \"To contrast, here Jeff used the sanding pad (arrow). You can see where the sanding pad more evenly kept the sandpaper in contact with the painted surface, ensuring even sanding.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Color-Sanding - How to Color Sand A Car - Hot Rod\\n\\n 1. home\\n 2. how to\\n 3. paint body\\n 4. How to Color Sand - 125 Steps To Perfect Paint\\n\\n# How to Color Sand - 125 Steps To Perfect Paint\\n\\n#### A step-by-step guide to color-sanding\\n\\nwpengineWords\\n\\nApr 15, 2008\\n\\nAfter toiling away for months, it's hard not to start rushing to finish things\\nup after painting your project. Problem is, after that last coat of clear has\\nbeen applied, there are a few more steps you need to take so your pristine new\\npaint job can stay that way for as long as possible. While you could just take\\nthe buffer to the car for a finish that'll look good from 20 feet away,\\nproperly finishing your paint job after clearcoating will mean the difference\\nbetween a good paint job and a great paint job.\\n\\nThe first thing you'll need to do after you're finished applying the clearcoat\\n(and letting it cure properly) is color-sanding. Color-sanding is where you're\\nsmoothing out the clearcoat so when it's time to buff the paint, you get the\\nmost mirror-like finish possible. While none of this is hard to do, it does\\nrequire a fair amount of time, and plenty of patience.\\n\\nTo find out the correct way to color-sand a clearcoated paint finish, we\\nvisited Lloyd's Auto Restorations in Bartow, Florida, for a simple demo of the\\nproper steps and techniques to color-sanding. The father and son team of Lloyd\\nand Jeff Brekke have been restoring and rebuilding cars for more than 30\\nyears.\\n\\n## Steps For Color-Sanding Cars\\n\\nYou'll need to have the proper supplies like a bucket of clean water handy\\n(doesn't matter if it's hot or cold, but a drop of dishwashing soap helps\\nlubricate the sanding surface), 600-grit sandpaper, and a sanding block and/or\\npad. The reason Jeff uses 600-grit over 1,500 or 1,200 for the first sanding\\nis to better remove the orange peel or textured surface that's the result of\\nmultiple coats of clear that have been sprayed. The more coats of clear you\\nspray, the more orange peel tends to build up. Starting with too fine a paper\\nwill not cut off the high points but rather round them over.\\n\\nFor curvy surfaces on body panels, Jeff likes to use a rubber sanding pad\\nbecause it better conforms to the shape of the panel's surface, ensuring even\\nsanding and preventing you from creating grooves from the edges of the paper\\nor a block.\\n\\nOn flat surfaces, Jeff uses a standard sanding block. He sands in various\\ndirections to make sure he sands evenly and reduces the risk of sanding too\\nmuch in one spot of the clearcoat. This step requires you only dip the block\\nin water and use a wet rag to keep the surface lightly wet, not saturated like\\nin future steps.\\n\\n## Wipe It With Clean Towel\\n\\nAfter sanding an area, wipe it down with a clean, dry towel to check for high\\nspots. Use an air nozzle to help dry if necessary. After the surface is dry,\\nif you have high spots, which show as the dull areas and low spots which show\\nas the darker or unsanded areas, this is what they'll look like. You need to\\nsand with the 600-grit wet until all the spots like these are gone.\\n\\n## Repeat Sanding and Drying Process\\n\\nRepeat the sanding and drying process often to check your progress so as not\\nto remove any more clear than necessary. While color-sanding involves a fair\\namount of labor, the most important thing is patience. Making sure you've\\nsanded the clearcoat evenly in step one goes a long way toward making sure\\nyour paint will look its best after buffing. And don't even think about using\\na power sander.\\n\\nHere's a great example of where the sanding pad is very useful. On curves in\\nthe panel like this, the pad will keep the sandpaper evenly on the panel's\\nsurface so you don't risk digging into the clearcoat and sanding through to\\nthe base/colorcoat.\\n\\nThe guidecoat is nothing more than an over-reduced, noncatalyzed primer or\\nnonmetallic base color to help show the scratches left from step one (600-grit\\nwet-sanding) and fill them in to make them more visible for the next step.\\n\\n## Apply Guidecoat Lightly\\n\\nA guidecoat should be applied very lightly. If you're wondering how lightly,\\nJeff demonstrates here. Our test panel was sprayed so lightly that Jeff can\\nwipe off the dry guidecoat with his fingers in an area that was not sanded.\\n\\nThis picture shows the difference between an unsanded surface (arrow A) and a\\nsurface that was sanded with 600-grit paper after the guidecoat was applied.\\nYou can see where the sanded surface (the part of the two stripes that isn't\\nclear, arrow B) retains the guidecoat. Filling in these scratches allows them\\nto be visible in the next step. This is why it's not a good idea to use\\nguidecoat for the first sanding in 600-grit, it will plug the sandpaper before\\nremoving any clear.\\n\\nWith the guidecoat properly applied, it's time for the next step in our color-\\nsanding process.\\n\\n## Wet-Sand Entire Surface Area\\n\\nUsing 2,000-grit paper, wet-sand the whole surface you just applied the\\nguidecoat to. Why a 2,000-grit paper? Jeff says the 2,000 removes the 600\\nscratches just fine and leaves a finer scratch to buff after color-sanding is\\ndone, which requires less buffing in the end. Always keep the surface wet and\\nhave good lighting when doing the final sanding process, it makes the\\nscratches easier to see so you know when you've sanded enough.\\n\\nBeware of edges. For curvy areas near edges use the sanding pad and sand\\nalternating strokes both parallel and 45 degrees with the edges. This will\\nhelp prevent you from removing too much edge and sanding through the clearcoat\\nand even basecoat on the panel.\\n\\nHere's how the 2000-grit sanded surface looks wet...\\n\\n...compared with the same surface dry. See how the scratches/low spots are\\neasier to see in the wet photo compared with the dry photo?\\n\\nHere you can see how the sanding pad keeps the paper from digging into the\\nedge of the decklid we were using for our demo. If you sand too far into one\\nof these edges, you can end up with little or no protection on your basecoat,\\nwhich'll invite fading, peeling and rust later on in the car's life.\\n\\nAnother advantage to using the sanding pad in this area is being able to sand\\nslight curved areas. In this photo you can see the unsanded area near the edge\\nbecause the rigid sanding block couldn't keep the paper mated to this part of\\nthe panel's surface.\\n\\nHere's what the properly sanded surface will look like after, wet-sanding with\\n2,000-grit sandpaper. This surface, once cleaned with some soapy water will be\\nready for finish-buffing with a variable-speed buffer.\\n\\nIn case anyone asks why, here's an example of what happens if you don't use\\nsome sort of sanding block or pad. Here Jeff took a sheet of sandpaper, and\\nusing his fingers ran it over the painted surface. The three dark areas are\\nwhere the paper was sanding, while the lighter areas are where the paper never\\nremoved the guidecoat. Sanding this way increases the risk of creating highs\\nand lows in the clearcoat surface.\\n\\nTo contrast, here Jeff used the sanding pad (arrow). You can see where the\\nsanding pad more evenly kept the sandpaper in contact with the painted\\nsurface, ensuring even sanding.\\n\\nTHE LATEST IN CAR NEWS\\n\\n### EMAIL NEWSLETTER SIGN-UP!\\n\\n#### Editor-Curated Stories Directly to Your Inbox!\\n\\n#### Hot Reads\\n\\n * ###### Why Is the Roadkill Crew Always Driving in the Dirt?\\n\\n * ###### 10 Weird GM Muscle Cars You’ve Never Heard Of\\n\\n * ###### In Memory of Fat Jack Robinson\\n\\n * ###### How Is a NASCAR Race Car Built? Behind the Scenes at Richard Childress Racing\\n\\n * ###### When HOT ROD's 1957 Plymouth Set a Top-Speed Record at NASCAR’s Speedweek\\n\\nShare on FacebookShare on Twitter\\n\\nConnect on FacebookConnect on TwitterConnect on Instagram\\n\\n###### MOTOR TREND NETWORK\\n\\n 1. Motor Trend|\\n 2. Automobile Magazine|\\n 3. Truck Trend|\\n 4. Four Wheeler|\\n 5. Super Street|\\n 6. Low Rider\\n\\n© 2020 Hot Rod | MOTOR TREND GROUP, LLC.\\n\\nALL RIGHTS RESERVED.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161122082143/http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"When, Where, and How to Do it!\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Do-It-Yourselfers and novice detailers often ask, “When do I turn to wet- sanding as the best form of paint correction for my vehicle?” It is a question without a simple answer, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t a few different answers, so let us start by putting the question into perspective.\",\n \"The clear coat on your automobile is thinner than a dollar bill. Most paint correction specialists agree that since the top one-third of it is mostly UV protection, you would not want to remove more than 25 percent of it over the lifetime of the vehicle. Given the delicate nature of the paint and clear coat, the idea of using an abrasive like wet sand is enough to make any car lover squeamish.\",\n \"Then consider the cost of “clear coat failure” ― a catastrophic term for the damage caused by a technician’s miscalculation or mistake in judgment while repairing a defect.\",\n \"As Mike Phillips, one of the auto appearance industry’s most knowledgeable experts, says, “...In all the years I’ve been teaching classes... most of the people that sign-up for the advanced class to learn how to wet sand, after they learn how to do it and what’s involved, they find they don’t really want to do it.”\",\n \"Now, by this point you may start to ask yourself the question, “If wet sanding is so dangerous, why is it used and why is it offered in every advanced detailing and paint correction seminar?” We respond to that question with a simple answer: Wet sanding is absolutely the most effective means for removing surface paint defects.\",\n \"The catch here is that it should only be done by someone with proper training. And even then a skilled professional should use a paint gauge to first check the thickness of the paint and clear coat to ensure it will support a wet sanding process.\",\n \"That said, body shops use wet sanding on a much larger level. They use it to even out new paint, to smooth out small runs and sags, to “knock down” orange peel, and remove any debris that fell on the paint while it was wet. By following up the wet sanding with a rubbing compound, the paint will virtually come back to life and give the vehicle the smooth, glassy look car owners love; however, unless you are painting an entire car by yourself, you are not likely to use wet sanding in that way.\",\n \"In terms of using wet sanding for larger jobs, we recommend exhausting all other options first. For instance, you may want to apply a compound to the entire vehicle first ― something like Correcting Polish, which is remarkably abrasive. If CP does not remove the deeper scratches or acid rain etching, you can then spot sand those spots.\",\n \"Keep in mind that compounding or wet sanding does remove clear coat. Many detailers feel you have some wiggle room with the UV layers in the clear coat; however, one-third of the thickness of a Ziploc sandwich bag isn’t much at all, and one color correction is not the end of it. Assuming you or the car owner keeps the car for several years, you will require multiple cleanings, polishing, and in perfect cases, an annual color correction to maintain the paint and keep it free from swirls. You do not want to cut it so close on the first correction that you have no room to go from there.\",\n \"One of the less dangerous applications for wet sanding is in leveling touch- ups. By going lightly over a few localized spots with wet sandpaper, technicians can use spot sanding to “haze up” the paint enough to make polishing easier\",\n \"There are also cases where wet sanding is more effective than compounding. It doesn’t create the amount of heat that compounding does, yet, it is easy to get too aggressive. Mastering the “right touch” takes practice and finesse. In the same way you can burn the paint with a rotary buffer if not handled correctly, you can dig too deep with sand grit.\",\n \"As many professionals admit, neither compounding nor wet sanding is for the weak at heart. Even the most experienced detailing and paint correction specialists are aware they have very little room for mistakes and they would not risk weakening the paint or clear coat on a $100,000 automobile any more than they would a $15,000 vehicle. Again, according to Mike Phillips, “Sanding is the easy part. That is putting scratches into the paint. The tricky part is getting them out.”\",\n \"There are times when wet sanding simply will not work, for instance defects that are deep enough that they cut through the clear coat and paint, all the way to the metal. This is common in vehicles that sit outside, uncovered for a couple of years, and suffer from deep acid rain etching. We also do not recommend using wet sand to remove contaminants since clay bar is the best way to do that. And here is another tip: never wet sand the basecoat! The basecoat is very thin and provides all the color on the vehicle. If you try it, you will find yourself sanding metal with a visit to the closest paint and body shop in your future!\",\n \"On the other hand, I think personality has a lot to do with it. Most of the detailers I know approach the paint on every car with the same intolerance for imperfections that make them geniuses at their trade. If there are still heavy imperfections you feel compelled to remove or lighten, after compounding, buffing, and polishing have failed, then spot wet sanding is the best process for doing that.\",\n \"This compulsion to remove flaws the average customer would never notice, lead some to claim paint correction professionals do it for the money they can charge. I find that unlikely since most of them are much more concerned about the quality of their work than the monetary return. Multistage paint correction is a passion rarely if ever driven by money.\",\n \"Over all, it is good to have a healthy skepticism about when to wet sand, but fear should not prevent you from doing it if experience and training back up the need. So wrapping up, “When do I turn to wet-sanding as the best form of paint correction for a vehicle?”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Wet Sanding - When, Where, and How to Do it!\\n\\n * HOME\\n * ABOUT US\\n * DETAILING TIPS\\n * HOW TO\\n * MEDIA\\n\\n * PHOTOS\\n * VIDEOS\\n * CATEGORIES\\n\\n * Beginner’s Guide to Detailing\\n * How To\\n * Matte Car Care\\n * Motorcycle Care\\n * Paintwork Protection\\n * Product Previews\\n * Professional Detailers\\n * Remove Scratches from Black Paint\\n * Removing Car Smells\\n * The Detail\\n * The Future of Detailing\\n * Tips\\n * Tool Reviews\\n * ASK THE DOCTOR\\n\\n# Wet Sanding – Who? What? Where? When? How?\\n\\nPosted by Jim Lafeber on 03.21.14\\n\\nTo Sand or Not to Sand.... That is the Question!\\n\\nDo-It-Yourselfers and novice detailers often ask, “When do I turn to wet-\\nsanding as the best form of paint correction for my vehicle?” It is a question\\nwithout a simple answer, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t a few different\\nanswers, so let us start by putting the question into perspective.\\n\\nThe clear coat on your automobile is thinner than a dollar bill. Most paint\\ncorrection specialists agree that since the top one-third of it is mostly UV\\nprotection, you would not want to remove more than 25 percent of it over the\\nlifetime of the vehicle. Given the delicate nature of the paint and clear\\ncoat, the idea of using an abrasive like wet sand is enough to make any car\\nlover squeamish.\\n\\nThen consider the cost of “clear coat failure” ― a catastrophic term for the\\ndamage caused by a technician’s miscalculation or mistake in judgment while\\nrepairing a defect.\\n\\nAs Mike Phillips, one of the auto appearance industry’s most knowledgeable\\nexperts, says, “...In all the years I’ve been teaching classes... most of the\\npeople that sign-up for the advanced class to learn how to wet sand, after\\nthey learn how to do it and what’s involved, they find they don’t really want\\nto do it.”\\n\\nNow, by this point you may start to ask yourself the question, “If wet sanding\\nis so dangerous, why is it used and why is it offered in every advanced\\ndetailing and paint correction seminar?” We respond to that question with a\\nsimple answer: Wet sanding is absolutely the most effective means for removing\\nsurface paint defects.\\n\\nThe catch here is that it should only be done by someone with proper training.\\nAnd even then a skilled professional should use a paint gauge to first check\\nthe thickness of the paint and clear coat to ensure it will support a wet\\nsanding process.\\n\\nThat said, body shops use wet sanding on a much larger level. They use it to\\neven out new paint, to smooth out small runs and sags, to “knock down” orange\\npeel, and remove any debris that fell on the paint while it was wet. By\\nfollowing up the wet sanding with a rubbing compound, the paint will virtually\\ncome back to life and give the vehicle the smooth, glassy look car owners\\nlove; however, unless you are painting an entire car by yourself, you are not\\nlikely to use wet sanding in that way.\\n\\nIn terms of using wet sanding for larger jobs, we recommend exhausting all\\nother options first. For instance, you may want to apply a compound to the\\nentire vehicle first ― something like Correcting Polish, which is remarkably\\nabrasive. If CP does not remove the deeper scratches or acid rain etching, you\\ncan then spot sand those spots.\\n\\nKeep in mind that compounding or wet sanding does remove clear coat. Many\\ndetailers feel you have some wiggle room with the UV layers in the clear coat;\\nhowever, one-third of the thickness of a Ziploc sandwich bag isn’t much at\\nall, and one color correction is not the end of it. Assuming you or the car\\nowner keeps the car for several years, you will require multiple cleanings,\\npolishing, and in perfect cases, an annual color correction to maintain the\\npaint and keep it free from swirls. You do not want to cut it so close on the\\nfirst correction that you have no room to go from there.\\n\\nOne of the less dangerous applications for wet sanding is in leveling touch-\\nups. By going lightly over a few localized spots with wet sandpaper,\\ntechnicians can use spot sanding to “haze up” the paint enough to make\\npolishing easier\\n\\nThere are also cases where wet sanding is more effective than compounding. It\\ndoesn’t create the amount of heat that compounding does, yet, it is easy to\\nget too aggressive. Mastering the “right touch” takes practice and finesse. In\\nthe same way you can burn the paint with a rotary buffer if not handled\\ncorrectly, you can dig too deep with sand grit.\\n\\nAs many professionals admit, neither compounding nor wet sanding is for the\\nweak at heart. Even the most experienced detailing and paint correction\\nspecialists are aware they have very little room for mistakes and they would\\nnot risk weakening the paint or clear coat on a $100,000 automobile any more\\nthan they would a $15,000 vehicle. Again, according to Mike Phillips, “Sanding\\nis the easy part. That is putting scratches into the paint. The tricky part is\\ngetting them out.”\\n\\nThere are times when wet sanding simply will not work, for instance defects\\nthat are deep enough that they cut through the clear coat and paint, all the\\nway to the metal. This is common in vehicles that sit outside, uncovered for a\\ncouple of years, and suffer from deep acid rain etching. We also do not\\nrecommend using wet sand to remove contaminants since clay bar is the best way\\nto do that. And here is another tip: never wet sand the basecoat! The basecoat\\nis very thin and provides all the color on the vehicle. If you try it, you\\nwill find yourself sanding metal with a visit to the closest paint and body\\nshop in your future!\\n\\nOn the other hand, I think personality has a lot to do with it. Most of the\\ndetailers I know approach the paint on every car with the same intolerance for\\nimperfections that make them geniuses at their trade. If there are still heavy\\nimperfections you feel compelled to remove or lighten, after compounding,\\nbuffing, and polishing have failed, then spot wet sanding is the best process\\nfor doing that.\\n\\nThis compulsion to remove flaws the average customer would never notice, lead\\nsome to claim paint correction professionals do it for the money they can\\ncharge. I find that unlikely since most of them are much more concerned about\\nthe quality of their work than the monetary return. Multistage paint\\ncorrection is a passion rarely if ever driven by money.\\n\\nOver all, it is good to have a healthy skepticism about when to wet sand, but\\nfear should not prevent you from doing it if experience and training back up\\nthe need. So wrapping up, “When do I turn to wet-sanding as the best form of\\npaint correction for a vehicle?”\\n\\nOur short answer is, “Not often, but occasionally, and carefully!”\\n\\nCategories: Behind the Detail, Featured, How To, Professional Detailers, Tips\\n\\nTags: correction, polishing, Scratching, wet sanding\\n\\n * Pingback: Removing Skunk Spray From a Painted Car - The Mystery()\\n\\n#### LET’S CONNECT\\n\\nTwitterFlickrFacebookGoogle+YoutubePinterest\\n\\n### VISIT OUR ONLINE STORE\\n\\n### DOWNLOAD WALLPAPER OF THE WEEK\\n\\n#### CATEGORIES\\n\\n * Beginner’s Guide to Detailing\\n * Remove Scratches from Black Paint\\n * Behind the Detail\\n * Removing Car Smells\\n * How To\\n * The Detail\\n * Matte Car Care\\n * The Future of Detailing\\n * Motorcycle Care\\n * Tips\\n * Paintwork Protection\\n * Tool Reviews\\n * Product Previews\\n * Videos & Media\\n * Professional Detailers\\n\\n#### POPULAR POSTS\\n\\n * Top 5 Leather Cleaning Tips\\n * What's The Deal With Orange Peel?\\n * Pros and Cons of Clear Bra Paint Protection Film\\n * Wheelz Up 2015 Porsche GT3\\n * Our Nano Coating on a Mercedes E220 by Tansel Detailing\\n\\nAvatars by Sterling Adventures\\n\\n© 2013 Behind the Detail | Dr. Beasley's, Inc.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":357,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":3520483,"string":"3,520,483"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Caulk a Shower"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To caulk a shower, start by lining the joints you'll be caulking with painter's tape, which will help keep the caulk straight and uniform. Then, load a caulk gun with caulk designed specifically for use in showers. When you're ready, position the tip of the caulk gun at the beginning of one of the joints, and squeeze the handle so caulk starts coming out. As you're squeezing the handle, move the caulk gun along the joint. Once you're finished filling in the joint, smooth out the caulk with your finger while it's still wet. Repeat the process with the rest of the joints in the shower. Finally, remove the painter's tape while the caulk is still wet, and let the caulk cure for 24 hours before using the shower."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20191224113407/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead","http://web.archive.org/web/20210127005758/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190214120128/https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190723230026/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub","http://web.archive.org/web/20160808220740/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub","http://web.archive.org/web/20131007045106/http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751","http://web.archive.org/web/20160713133015/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20170105191024/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191224113407/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127005758/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190214120128/https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190723230026/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160808220740/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20131007045106/http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160713133015/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170105191024/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1998,"string":"1,998"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20191224113407/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead","parsed_text":{"title":"Laying Down A Perfect Bead","passages":["Caulking is a common maintenance task. But doing it well takes some skill and an understanding of which caulk to use.","On the surface, caulking seems the simplest of homeowner projects, but anyone who has ever sealed around a bathtub knows it's easy for this type of job to turn into a real mess. It takes practice to lay down a perfect bead of caulk. That's why tradespeople who do it daily, like tilesetters and painters, are so good at it. Caulking also requires the knowledge to select the right caulk for the job. There are dozens of dissimilar materials such as tile, wood and vinyl that require bonding and/or gap filling around your home, and no one single product works everywhere. But help is on the way. We'll show you how to buy the right caulk and how to lay down that elusive perfect bead.","1. Whether you're caulking with a gun or a squeeze tube (a wise choice for small jobs that call for a water-based caulk), keep the tip moving and try to maintain steady dispensing pressure for an even bead.","3. It's best to tool silicone and polyurethane joints with a plastic spoon or a caulk tool. For poly caulk, wet the tool surface with solvent to get smooth results with this super- sticky material.","Even though there are now more different types of caulk and sealant available than ever before, it's actually easier to find the right product. In a welcome change, many manufacturers use large, job-specific labels on cartridges and tubes. You don't have to read the fine print to learn about recommended uses. But it's still important to understand which basic type of caulk is being offered. For one thing, chemistry has an impact on the broad price range you'll see in the caulk aisle: A 10-oz. cartridge costs from $1 to $7.50 or more. Chemical content also determines some important general characteristics, such as how easily caulk joints can be shaped, or tooled, whether a caulk can be painted and how durable it is.","New caulks are always hitting the market, so knowing something about their chemistry can signal how big an advancement a new product really is. For example, the downside of silicone caulk is that you can't paint it. But DAP's Paintable Silicone Sealant is a true water-based silicone caulk that can be painted. It's also easy to work and odorless. And instead of using mineral spirits to clean it up, you can use soap and water. Here's a look at the four types of caulk.","Rubber caulks. These products are made with rubber compounds like butyl, isoprene, butadiene, nitrile and styrene. Rubber caulks typically offer good adhesion and excellent water resistance; you can even apply them to damp surfaces. But their solvents are highly flammable and dangerous to breathe, so don't use these caulks indoors. Rubber caulks are especially sticky and difficult to tool, and they will shrink as they cure. Without any tooling, a round bead will dry fairly flat.","Latex caulks. Also labeled as acrylic or vinyl caulks and sealants, these water-based products are the easiest to use, will handle the broadest range of applications and are often the least expensive. However, many latex caulks aren't as durable as more expensive options. \"Siliconized\" latex caulks contain small amounts of silicone for improved durability and adhesion.","Latex caulks don't contain volatile solvents that pose fire and health hazards, and joints are easy to tool. But avoid removing too much material when tooling, because shrinkage will further reduce the width of the caulk joint. A broad range of colors is available, including hues that match most plumbing fixtures. Water-based caulks can be also be painted.","Silicone caulks. These products stay flexible at all temperatures, are completely waterproof and adhere to a wide range of materials. They are excellent all-weather caulks that can also be used in wet indoor locations, primarily around tubs and shower stalls. However, because silicone is expensive and offers poor tear and abrasion resistance, it's not a good choice in high-traffic areas. Except in water-based versions, this family of caulks is unpaintable and difficult to tool. Among solvent-based silicones, caulks or sealants labeled \"neutral cure\" or \"odorless\" are preferable because they don't give off any unpleasant odor as they cure. Plus, the acetic acid produced as \"smelly\" silicones cure can corrode certain metals and masonry surfaces.","Polyurethane sealants. Just like polyurethane varnishes, this family of caulks and sealants is superdurable. Abrasion and tear resistance are superior to silicone, and the caulk is highly adhesive, waterproof and flexible. Shrinkage is minimal, and most polyurethane formulations can be painted or stained. Because it's expensive, this caulk should be used sparingly -- only where strength, durability and weather resistance are important. Tooling is messy and difficult, and you need to clean up with solvent.","Existing caulk (especially silicone and poly) must be completely removed before new caulk can go on. Use a sharp utility knife or a narrow chisel, and brush or vacuum out all loose debris. Rubbing alcohol removes soap scum on tubs; a blow-dryer set on low will dry up damp joints.","Caulking guns. There is a difference in caulking guns. Look for heavier-gauge metal, a built-in cutter for the tip of the tube and an integral steel pin for puncturing the seal. Most pros prefer a solid-shaft gun that advances with a cam over the notched-shaft type, citing more even pressure on the piston, which results in a smoother bead. These guns cost $5 to $7 each.","But not all jobs call for a gun; there are two other types of dispensers that can make a job easier. For example, 5-oz. squeeze tubes are great for small, interior jobs. And 7-oz. pressurized cans let you lay down a uniform bead when working with only one hand, such as when caulking overhead.","Getting ready. Before you open the tube, make sure the temperature and conditions are right for application. \"When the weather turns cold, I take my caulk out of the truck and store it indoors,\"explains Jeff Younkin, a remodeler based in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. \"Many caulks are difficult to work in cold weather, so it makes sense to keep them warm as long as possible.\"The working temperature range of caulk varies by type; check the label.","Another important factor in application is how you cut the tip of the tube. The biggest mistake is cutting too far down, creating an opening that's too big. The opening should be slightly smaller than the bead you'll apply. Also, cut the tube at an angle (up to 45 degrees); some pros use a nearly straight cut, arguing this makes caulking into interior corners easier.","If the crack you're filling is deeper than 1/2 in., you must wedge flexible backer rod (available where caulk is sold) into the joint so the caulk is limited to a depth of 3/8 in. The ideal width for a bead is also less than 3/8 in. It's easy to ignore this step, but the price you'll pay later is an open caulk joint.","Letting it flow. If you're not confident of your caulking skills and are laying down a bead that will show, consider applying masking tape to both sides of the joint before caulking. Then remove the tape as soon as you've finished tooling. When caulking, keep the gun (or squeeze tube) moving so you leave an even bead. You can either push or pull the tube, whichever is most comfortable for you. As you near the end of the joint, press the release lever on your gun (or withdraw the piston slightly) to stop the flow of caulk. When applying a long bead, break it up into shorter sections. \"I often apply and tool just several feet at a time,\"says Younkin. \"I get one section to look the way I want and then move on to the next.\"","Tooling. Be extra cautious about overapplying silicone and polyurethane caulks because these sealants are difficult to tool and messy. Tool butyl, silicone and polyurethane caulks with a caulking tool or a plastic spoon. (Water-based caulks can be tooled with a moistened finger.) Standard-cure silicone is tricky because it's very sticky and must be cleaned up quickly -- once cured, silicone yields only to a razor blade.","For smooth results with butyl and polyurethane, make sure to dip your spoon or tool in solvent. Also have the proper cleanup gear handy: a moistened sponge if you're using water-based caulk, or solvent and clean rags with other sealants.","The replaceable tip that comes with some caulks can be used to seal a partially used tube. But caulk will still harden in the tip. If you're lucky, your first few trigger squeezes will push the hard material free, but often it requires the help of a 16d nail or the purchase of a new tube.","Rubber Caulks What the label say: Butyl or rubber caulk; asphalt filler; roof or gutter sealant. Price: $2 to $3.50 Main uses: Sealing and repairing aluminum gutters; caulking aluminum flashing; filling cracks in asphalt; sealing siding around doors and windows. Cleanup: mineral spirits or lacquer thinner.","Latex Caulks What the label say: Latex; acrylic; vinyl; siliconized acrylic caulk. Price: $1 to $5 Main uses: Utility caulking for nearly all interior and some exterior sealing. Cleanup: water.","Silicone Caulks What the label say: Silicone; Silicone II^TM; 100 percent silicone sealant and caulk. Price: $4 to $7 Main uses: Sealing around tubs, shower stalls and sinks; caulking exterior trim; repairing gutters; sealing or caulking against aluminum, glass and other nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral spirits.","Polyurethane Sealants What the label say: Marine adhesive; polyurethane window and siding caulk; polyurethane concrete/masonry sealant. Price: $3.50 to $7.50 Main uses: Sealing control joints in concrete; repairing cracked masonry; exterior caulking around windows and doors; repairing cracked vinyl siding; bridging gaps between porous and nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral spirits."]},"parsed_md":"Laying Down A Perfect Bead | This Old House\n\nSkip to main content\n\n##### Sign up today for our FREE email newsletters and get helpful tips\ndelivered to your email inbox\n\nX\n\nTrending: Streaming App | Clearstory | Pro2Pro | Check TOH TV Listings | DIY\nSmarts\n\nHome>Ideas | More in Workshops\n\n# Laying Down A Perfect Bead\n\nCaulking is a common maintenance task. But doing it well takes some skill and\nan understanding of which caulk to use.\n\nBy Tim Snyder of Today's Homeowner\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\nOn the surface, caulking seems the simplest of homeowner projects, but anyone\nwho has ever sealed around a bathtub knows it's easy for this type of job to\nturn into a real mess. It takes practice to lay down a perfect bead of caulk.\nThat's why tradespeople who do it daily, like tilesetters and painters, are so\ngood at it. Caulking also requires the knowledge to select the right caulk for\nthe job. There are dozens of dissimilar materials such as tile, wood and vinyl\nthat require bonding and/or gap filling around your home, and no one single\nproduct works everywhere. But help is on the way. We'll show you how to buy\nthe right caulk and how to lay down that elusive perfect bead.\n\n1\\. Whether you're caulking with a gun or a squeeze tube (a wise choice for\nsmall jobs that call for a water-based caulk), keep the tip moving and try to\nmaintain steady dispensing pressure for an even bead.\n\n2\\. An index finger works fine when tooling a bead of water-based caulk. An\nice cube is another alternative.\n\n3\\. It's best to tool silicone and polyurethane joints with a plastic spoon or\na caulk tool. For poly caulk, wet the tool surface with solvent to get smooth\nresults with this super- sticky material.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## Choosing the right caulk\n\nEven though there are now more different types of caulk and sealant available\nthan ever before, it's actually easier to find the right product. In a welcome\nchange, many manufacturers use large, job-specific labels on cartridges and\ntubes. You don't have to read the fine print to learn about recommended uses.\nBut it's still important to understand which basic type of caulk is being\noffered. For one thing, chemistry has an impact on the broad price range\nyou'll see in the caulk aisle: A 10-oz. cartridge costs from $1 to $7.50 or\nmore. Chemical content also determines some important general characteristics,\nsuch as how easily caulk joints can be shaped, or tooled, whether a caulk can\nbe painted and how durable it is.\n\nNew caulks are always hitting the market, so knowing something about their\nchemistry can signal how big an advancement a new product really is. For\nexample, the downside of silicone caulk is that you can't paint it. But DAP's\nPaintable Silicone Sealant is a true water-based silicone caulk that can be\npainted. It's also easy to work and odorless. And instead of using mineral\nspirits to clean it up, you can use soap and water. Here's a look at the four\ntypes of caulk.\n\nRubber caulks. These products are made with rubber compounds like butyl,\nisoprene, butadiene, nitrile and styrene. Rubber caulks typically offer good\nadhesion and excellent water resistance; you can even apply them to damp\nsurfaces. But their solvents are highly flammable and dangerous to breathe, so\ndon't use these caulks indoors. Rubber caulks are especially sticky and\ndifficult to tool, and they will shrink as they cure. Without any tooling, a\nround bead will dry fairly flat.\n\nLatex caulks. Also labeled as acrylic or vinyl caulks and sealants, these\nwater-based products are the easiest to use, will handle the broadest range of\napplications and are often the least expensive. However, many latex caulks\naren't as durable as more expensive options. \"Siliconized\" latex caulks\ncontain small amounts of silicone for improved durability and adhesion.\n\nLatex caulks don't contain volatile solvents that pose fire and health\nhazards, and joints are easy to tool. But avoid removing too much material\nwhen tooling, because shrinkage will further reduce the width of the caulk\njoint. A broad range of colors is available, including hues that match most\nplumbing fixtures. Water-based caulks can be also be painted.\n\nSilicone caulks. These products stay flexible at all temperatures, are\ncompletely waterproof and adhere to a wide range of materials. They are\nexcellent all-weather caulks that can also be used in wet indoor locations,\nprimarily around tubs and shower stalls. However, because silicone is\nexpensive and offers poor tear and abrasion resistance, it's not a good choice\nin high-traffic areas. Except in water-based versions, this family of caulks\nis unpaintable and difficult to tool. Among solvent-based silicones, caulks or\nsealants labeled \"neutral cure\" or \"odorless\" are preferable because they\ndon't give off any unpleasant odor as they cure. Plus, the acetic acid\nproduced as \"smelly\" silicones cure can corrode certain metals and masonry\nsurfaces.\n\nPolyurethane sealants. Just like polyurethane varnishes, this family of caulks\nand sealants is superdurable. Abrasion and tear resistance are superior to\nsilicone, and the caulk is highly adhesive, waterproof and flexible. Shrinkage\nis minimal, and most polyurethane formulations can be painted or stained.\nBecause it's expensive, this caulk should be used sparingly -- only where\nstrength, durability and weather resistance are important. Tooling is messy\nand difficult, and you need to clean up with solvent.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## Techniques for caulking\n\nExisting caulk (especially silicone and poly) must be completely removed\nbefore new caulk can go on. Use a sharp utility knife or a narrow chisel, and\nbrush or vacuum out all loose debris. Rubbing alcohol removes soap scum on\ntubs; a blow-dryer set on low will dry up damp joints.\n\nCaulking guns. There is a difference in caulking guns. Look for heavier-gauge\nmetal, a built-in cutter for the tip of the tube and an integral steel pin for\npuncturing the seal. Most pros prefer a solid-shaft gun that advances with a\ncam over the notched-shaft type, citing more even pressure on the piston,\nwhich results in a smoother bead. These guns cost $5 to $7 each.\n\nBut not all jobs call for a gun; there are two other types of dispensers that\ncan make a job easier. For example, 5-oz. squeeze tubes are great for small,\ninterior jobs. And 7-oz. pressurized cans let you lay down a uniform bead when\nworking with only one hand, such as when caulking overhead.\n\nGetting ready. Before you open the tube, make sure the temperature and\nconditions are right for application. \"When the weather turns cold, I take my\ncaulk out of the truck and store it indoors,\"explains Jeff Younkin, a\nremodeler based in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. \"Many caulks are difficult to work\nin cold weather, so it makes sense to keep them warm as long as possible.\"The\nworking temperature range of caulk varies by type; check the label.\n\nAnother important factor in application is how you cut the tip of the tube.\nThe biggest mistake is cutting too far down, creating an opening that's too\nbig. The opening should be slightly smaller than the bead you'll apply. Also,\ncut the tube at an angle (up to 45 degrees); some pros use a nearly straight\ncut, arguing this makes caulking into interior corners easier.\n\nIf the crack you're filling is deeper than 1/2 in., you must wedge flexible\nbacker rod (available where caulk is sold) into the joint so the caulk is\nlimited to a depth of 3/8 in. The ideal width for a bead is also less than 3/8\nin. It's easy to ignore this step, but the price you'll pay later is an open\ncaulk joint.\n\nLetting it flow. If you're not confident of your caulking skills and are\nlaying down a bead that will show, consider applying masking tape to both\nsides of the joint before caulking. Then remove the tape as soon as you've\nfinished tooling. When caulking, keep the gun (or squeeze tube) moving so you\nleave an even bead. You can either push or pull the tube, whichever is most\ncomfortable for you. As you near the end of the joint, press the release lever\non your gun (or withdraw the piston slightly) to stop the flow of caulk. When\napplying a long bead, break it up into shorter sections. \"I often apply and\ntool just several feet at a time,\"says Younkin. \"I get one section to look the\nway I want and then move on to the next.\"\n\nTooling. Be extra cautious about overapplying silicone and polyurethane caulks\nbecause these sealants are difficult to tool and messy. Tool butyl, silicone\nand polyurethane caulks with a caulking tool or a plastic spoon. (Water-based\ncaulks can be tooled with a moistened finger.) Standard-cure silicone is\ntricky because it's very sticky and must be cleaned up quickly -- once cured,\nsilicone yields only to a razor blade.\n\nFor smooth results with butyl and polyurethane, make sure to dip your spoon or\ntool in solvent. Also have the proper cleanup gear handy: a moistened sponge\nif you're using water-based caulk, or solvent and clean rags with other\nsealants.\n\nThe replaceable tip that comes with some caulks can be used to seal a\npartially used tube. But caulk will still harden in the tip. If you're lucky,\nyour first few trigger squeezes will push the hard material free, but often it\nrequires the help of a 16d nail or the purchase of a new tube.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## The Four Basic Caulk Families\n\nRubber Caulks What the label say: Butyl or rubber caulk; asphalt filler; roof\nor gutter sealant. Price: $2 to $3.50 Main uses: Sealing and repairing\naluminum gutters; caulking aluminum flashing; filling cracks in asphalt;\nsealing siding around doors and windows. Cleanup: mineral spirits or lacquer\nthinner.\n\nLatex Caulks What the label say: Latex; acrylic; vinyl; siliconized acrylic\ncaulk. Price: $1 to $5 Main uses: Utility caulking for nearly all interior and\nsome exterior sealing. Cleanup: water.\n\nSilicone Caulks What the label say: Silicone; Silicone II^TM; 100 percent\nsilicone sealant and caulk. Price: $4 to $7 Main uses: Sealing around tubs,\nshower stalls and sinks; caulking exterior trim; repairing gutters; sealing or\ncaulking against aluminum, glass and other nonporous materials. Cleanup:\nmineral spirits.\n\nPolyurethane Sealants What the label say: Marine adhesive; polyurethane window\nand siding caulk; polyurethane concrete/masonry sealant. Price: $3.50 to $7.50\nMain uses: Sealing control joints in concrete; repairing cracked masonry;\nexterior caulking around windows and doors; repairing cracked vinyl siding;\nbridging gaps between porous and nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral\nspirits.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## Where to find it:\n\nADHESIVE AND SEALANT COUNCIL, INC 7979 Old Georgetown Road, Suite 500 Dept.\nTH1299 Bethesda, MD, 20814 301-986-9700\n\nDAP Inc 855 N. Third St. Dept. TH1299 Tipp City, OH 45371 800/543-3840\n\nDow Corning Corp P. O. Box 994 Dept. TH1299 Midland, MI 48686-0994\nwww.dowcorning.com 800/248-2481\n\nElmer's Products Inc. 180 E. Broad St. Dept. TH1299 Columbus, OH 43215\nwww.elmers.com 888/435-6377\n\nFranklin International 2020 Bruck Street Dept. TH1299, Columbus, OH 43207\nwww.franklini.com 800/669-4583\n\nGE Silicones Building 25 Dept. TH1299 260 Hudson River Rd. Waterford, NY 12188\nwww.GESealants.com 800/332-3390\n\nGeocel Corp. 53280 Marina Drive Dept. TH1299 Elkhart, IN 46514 800/348-7615\n\nOSI Sealants, Inc. 7405 Production Drive Mentor, OH, 44060 www.osisealants.com\n800/624-7767\n\nRed Devil, Inc 2400 Vauxhall Rd. Dept. TH1299 Union, NJ 07083 www.reddevil.com\n800/423-3845\n\n#### OTHER VIDEOS\n\n##### BONUS: Jimmy DiResta Started in a Sign Shop\n\n#### More in Workshops\n\nIn this how-to video, This Old House host Kevin O'Connor reveals tub-\nrefinishing techniques\n\n## How to Refinish a Cast-Iron Tub\n\n#### More From TOH\n\n## Summer Upkeep\n\n## TOH IS BACK! 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All Right Reserved.\n\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127005758/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Caulk a Shower or Tub (DIYer's Guide)","passages":["Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice","There’s nothing quite like a steamy shower to rejuvenate your mind, body, and spirit after a good night’s sleep or a long, hard day. But when the caulk around your enclosure begins to crack and crumble, it’s not you that needs reviving—it’s your shower. Replacing the caulk around your tub, tiles, shower door, and drain is a relatively simple do-it-yourself fix that takes only a few hours from start to finish. Read on to learn how to caulk a shower and create a good, tight seal.","We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.","A quality caulking job begins with a quality product. There are two primary types of caulk you can choose from: silicone and latex. While silicone forms the stronger seal, latex is easier to work with, especially if you’re a beginner. Many DIYers compromise by choosing a sealant like DAP Kwik Seal Plus (view on Amazon), which employs both silicone and latex in its formulation, delivering the best of both worlds.","Important: Before purchasing caulk for your project, double-check the label to make sure that the product has been designated for use in kitchens and baths. These formulas contain special inhibitors that protect against mold and mildew—a quality that’s certainly necessary when you set out to caulk a shower.","Before you apply the new caulk, be sure to remove any leftovers from the last job, otherwise your fresh bead won’t bond well. Using a utility knife or oscillating tool, cut through the strips of old caulk. Scrape off as much as possible, and then apply a specialized remover to any stubborn spots. If you discover any mold in your path, eradicate it with a commercial cleaner or a homemade solution of one part bleach to two parts water. Once the old caulk has been removed, wipe down the area and allow it to dry thoroughly before moving on; caulk won’t adhere to a wet surface.","While you can apply caulk by simply squeezing it out from the tube, it’s best to invest in a quality caulk gun. This will let you better manage the flow and will, as a result, produce more accurate results. Since these are relatively unsophisticated tools, even the industry’s best typically don’t cost much. For example, many pros who caulk for a living swear by Cox caulk guns (view example on Amazon)—a durable, high-performance tool that typically retails for under $30.","With any caulk gun worth its salt, however, you get a sturdy plunging mechanism that allows for precise and even distribution of caulk, and you get a pressure release that lets you quickly pause or stop application. When loading your chosen caulk gun, just remember not cut off too much of the tip from the caulk tube. A wide opening will yield a thick bead, which may lead to sloppy results. Cut the tip just above the indentation point that is usually marked on the tube.","Painter’s tape makes a great guide to ensure a clean bead. Use long strips of tape to mask off the surface on either side of the line where you’ll be applying your bead of caulk, whether that’s along the wall, shower door, or tub. To start the bead, apply pressure to the caulk gun or tube and either pull the gun away from your starting point or, holding the gun at a 90-degree angle, push the caulk in a forward motion. There is no true right or wrong technique, so choose the approach that works best for you and proceed accordingly.","Once the gap is full, wet your finger and wipe along the line to remove the excess caulk and create a smooth, rounded bead. Peel off the painter’s tape while the caulk is still wet, and then continue on to the next section to be caulked.","When you’re done, allow the caulk to cure for at least 24 hours before retuning to regular use of the shower. A thorough caulking job should last at least a year—which means you have around 365 more chances to belt out your favorite show tune before you’ll have to repeat the process and caulk the shower again.","Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites."]},"parsed_md":"How to Caulk a Shower or Tub (DIYer's Guide) - Bob Vila\n\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\n\nAbout Bob\n\nNewsletters\n\n * How-To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch TV\n * Win Laser Tools from Kapro!\n\n * How To's & Quick Tips\n\n# How To: Caulk a Shower or Tub\n\n## Keep your shower watertight and mildew-free by using the following steps to\nrefresh the caulk in your enclosure.\n\nBy Jill Lawrence O'Hara and Bob Vila\n\nPhoto: fotosearch.com\n\nThere’s nothing quite like a steamy shower to rejuvenate your mind, body, and\nspirit after a good night’s sleep or a long, hard day. But when the caulk\naround your enclosure begins to crack and crumble, it’s not you that needs\nreviving—it’s your shower. Replacing the caulk around your tub, tiles, shower\ndoor, and drain is a relatively simple do-it-yourself fix that takes only a\nfew hours from start to finish. Read on to learn how to caulk a shower and\ncreate a good, tight seal.\n\nThe straightforward process follows these steps:\n\n 1. Remove any old strips of caulk in the shower.\n 2. Use painter’s tape create a guide for the new caulk line.\n 3. Apply either silicone or latex caulk with a caulk gun, or squeeze the product straight from the tube.\n 4. Wipe along the caulk line with a wet finger to remove any excess.\n 5. Last but not least, let the caulk cure for 24 hours.\n\nTools & Materials\n\n * Bathroom caulk\n * Utility knife\n * Commercial caulk remover\n * Commercial mold cleaner\n * Caulking gun\n * Painter's tape\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nPhoto: fotosearch.com\n\n## Step 1\n\nA quality caulking job begins with a quality product. There are two primary\ntypes of caulk you can choose from: silicone and latex. While silicone forms\nthe stronger seal, latex is easier to work with, especially if you’re a\nbeginner. Many DIYers compromise by choosing a sealant like DAP Kwik Seal Plus\n(view on Amazon), which employs both silicone and latex in its formulation,\ndelivering the best of both worlds.\n\nImportant: Before purchasing caulk for your project, double-check the label to\nmake sure that the product has been designated for use in kitchens and baths.\nThese formulas contain special inhibitors that protect against mold and\nmildew—a quality that’s certainly necessary when you set out to caulk a\nshower.\n\n## Step 2\n\nBefore you apply the new caulk, be sure to remove any leftovers from the last\njob, otherwise your fresh bead won’t bond well. Using a utility knife or\noscillating tool, cut through the strips of old caulk. Scrape off as much as\npossible, and then apply a specialized remover to any stubborn spots. If you\ndiscover any mold in your path, eradicate it with a commercial cleaner or a\nhomemade solution of one part bleach to two parts water. Once the old caulk\nhas been removed, wipe down the area and allow it to dry thoroughly before\nmoving on; caulk won’t adhere to a wet surface.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Step 3\n\nWhile you can apply caulk by simply squeezing it out from the tube, it’s best\nto invest in a quality caulk gun. This will let you better manage the flow and\nwill, as a result, produce more accurate results. Since these are relatively\nunsophisticated tools, even the industry’s best typically don’t cost much. For\nexample, many pros who caulk for a living swear by Cox caulk guns (view\nexample on Amazon)—a durable, high-performance tool that typically retails for\nunder $30.\n\nWith any caulk gun worth its salt, however, you get a sturdy plunging\nmechanism that allows for precise and even distribution of caulk, and you get\na pressure release that lets you quickly pause or stop application. When\nloading your chosen caulk gun, just remember not cut off too much of the tip\nfrom the caulk tube. A wide opening will yield a thick bead, which may lead to\nsloppy results. Cut the tip just above the indentation point that is usually\nmarked on the tube.\n\n## Step 4\n\nPainter’s tape makes a great guide to ensure a clean bead. Use long strips of\ntape to mask off the surface on either side of the line where you’ll be\napplying your bead of caulk, whether that’s along the wall, shower door, or\ntub. To start the bead, apply pressure to the caulk gun or tube and either\npull the gun away from your starting point or, holding the gun at a 90-degree\nangle, push the caulk in a forward motion. There is no true right or wrong\ntechnique, so choose the approach that works best for you and proceed\naccordingly.\n\n## Step 5\n\nOnce the gap is full, wet your finger and wipe along the line to remove the\nexcess caulk and create a smooth, rounded bead. Peel off the painter’s tape\nwhile the caulk is still wet, and then continue on to the next section to be\ncaulked.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Step 6\n\nWhen you’re done, allow the caulk to cure for at least 24 hours before\nretuning to regular use of the shower. A thorough caulking job should last at\nleast a year—which means you have around 365 more chances to belt out your\nfavorite show tune before you’ll have to repeat the process and caulk the\nshower again.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nTAGS:\n\nHOW TO\n\nBATHROOM\n\nMore From Bob Vila\n\n10 Easy Ways to Find $20 (or More!) Around the House\n\nHow To: Remove a Bathtub\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThe Dos and Don'ts of Air-Drying Everything You Own\n\n5 Ways to Prevent Cracks in Concrete—and 1 Easy Fix\n\nMake Your Home Less Chaotic With These 12 Simple Changes\n\n11 Easy-to-Grow Vegetable Varieties for Fall\n\n10 Steps to Paradise in Your Own Backyard\n\n * Carpet in Bathroom\n * Best Tankless Water Heater\n * Bathroom Fan Size\n * Best High-Pressure Shower Head\n * Best Shower Faucet\n * Bathtub Size\n * Doorless Showers\n\n * About Bob\n * Newsletters\n * Contact\n * Advertising\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Info\n\nCopyright © 2021 Acton Media Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190214120128/https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub — The Family Handyman","passages":["Sooner or later, mold always shows up in bathroom caulking. This article explains how to clean the old caulk out and then recaulk around a shower or tub.","Anybody can caulk a shower or tub. All you need is a tube of caulk and a caulking gun. But if you don’t prep the surfaces properly, the caulk won’t last long. And if you’re sloppy, the messy caulk job will ruin the look of even the most beautiful tile job. We talked to a few experts to learn how they get such smooth, clean-looking caulk lines, and we’ll show you their technique. And we’ll show you the best way how to remove mold from shower caulking and prep the surface to get a long-lasting caulk job. Finally, we’ll give you a heads-up on how to avoid the most common caulking mistakes.","You can remove the old caulk, prep the surface, and recaulk a tub or shower in about four hours (including drying time). You’ll need a razor scraper and single-edge razor blades, caulk remover, mineral spirits, paper towels, a utility knife, a caulk gun, and kitchen and bath caulk. An oscillating tool with a flexible scraper blade really speeds up the job of removing old caulk, but you can do the job without it. Here’s how to start.","Tubs and showers require a special caulk that contains mold and mildew prevention additives. The tubes are usually labeled “for kitchen and bath use.” Most are 100 percent silicone, but you can also find some latex versions. Latex caulk is easier to tool and cleans up with soap and water. If this is your first time applying caulk, latex may be your best option. Silicone is more challenging to tool and requires mineral spirits for cleanup. However, silicone lasts longer than latex and stays flexible over its life. But it’s harder to remove when it’s time to recaulk. Both types can develop mold and mildew once the additives wear out.","Most home centers and hardware stores stock only three kitchen and bath caulk colors: white, almond and clear. However, ask a salesclerk whether you can special-order a custom color. And check out a paint or hardware store. Some can custom-mix colors right in the store. Most tile stores will carry a full range of colors.","A high-quality caulk gun can make a difference in your caulk job. It has a sturdier plunger mechanism to provide a smooth, even flow and a pressure release to stop the flow quickly. High-quality caulk guns cost a bit more (about $15), but they’re worth it. Economy guns usually have a ratchet action or a sloppy friction mechanism that pushes the caulk out in bursts, so you apply too much in some areas and too little in others.","Slice through the caulk along the walls with a utility knife or with an oscillating tool equipped with a flexible scraper blade. Then use your knife or tool to scrape along the tub or shower floor.","Squirt caulk remover on all the remaining caulk and let it do the hard work. Then scrape off all the old caulk with a razor scraper. Wipe with a rag.","You can’t apply new caulk on top of the old and expect it to last. So the old caulk has to go. If the old caulk was silicone, you have to devote extra effort to remove all traces of it before applying new caulk. Start by slicing through the old caulk with a utility knife or an oscillating tool (Photo 1). Then scrape off as much old caulk as possible. Next, apply caulk remover to break the adhesive bond and make it easier to scrape off (Photo 2).","Once the old caulk is gone, remove any loose grout between the walls and the tub or shower floor. Treat any mold in the grout along the wall/tub gap with a mold-killing product. Scrub the grout and then rinse off the mold killer with water and let it dry (use a hair dryer to speed the drying). Clean the surfaces one last time with mineral spirits. Let dry.","Mask the wall corner gaps first. Then apply tape to the walls above the tub or shower floor. Finish by applying tape to the tub or shower floor.","Some pros scoff at the idea of using masking tape. But they caulk every day and can lay down a caulk bead with their eyes closed. For DIYers, we recommend masking the gap. It takes a bit more time, but you’ll get much better results than caulking freehand. Start by finding the largest gap between the tub/shower and the walls. That gap dictates how far apart you must space the two rows of tape. Then apply the masking tape (Photo 3). If you have a fiberglass or composite tub, you should fill it before you caulk.","Buying the wrong caulk. Always use kitchen and bath caulk in a tub or shower. It contains mold and mildew inhibitors that are not present in other types of caulk.","Caulking on top of old caulk. New caulk doesn’t bond well to old caulk, especially if the old caulk contains silicone. Just like with painting, better surface prep provides better results.","Not removing mold on grout near the caulk areas. Grout is porous, and any mold present in the grout above the caulk line will eventually spread down into the new caulk area and destroy the bond.","Cutting the nozzle larger than the gap you’re filling. A larger opening applies too much product, making it harder to tool and clean up.","Cut the nozzle tip to match the gap width. Hold the gun at a 90-degree angle to the gap and push a bead of caulk slightly ahead of the nozzle as you push the gun forward and continue applying pressure. Apply only enough caulk to fill the gap.","There are two schools of thought when it comes to tip angle and whether to pull or push the caulk. Our experts prefer cutting the caulk tube nozzle at a blunt 20-degree angle, instead of 45 degrees. And they hold the gun at a 90-degree angle to the gap while pushing a small bead ahead of the tip (Photo 4). That way, they can complete the entire bead in one pass. Plus, the gun pressure forces the caulk deeper into the gap for better holding power and sealing.","If you cut the tip at a 45-degree angle and pull the gun away from the starting corner, your gun will always run into the opposite corner, forcing you to flip it 180 degrees and start the bead again. That creates a blob where the two beads meet, making tooling more difficult. Plus, pulling the gun tends to apply a surface bead that doesn’t penetrate as far into the gap.","Whichever tip angle you choose, always cut the tip with a sharp utility knife rather than the cheesy guillotine mechanism built into some caulk guns. Remove any burrs with a utility knife or sandpaper before caulking—the burrs will create grooves in the caulk lines.","Wet your finger with water and start at an outer corner. Wipe your finger across the caulk to create a rounded bead and remove excess caulk from the gap.","Lift a corner of the tape along the tub and pull it off at a steep angle while the caulk is still wet. Then remove the tape along the wall. Remove the tape from the wall corners last.","You can find all kinds of caulk-shaping tools at home centers. But if you take our advice and tape off the wall, you won’t need any shaping tools. Just use your index finger to tool the caulk (Photo 5). After tooling, remove the masking tape while the caulk is still wet (Photo 6). Let the caulk cure for the recommended time before using the tub or shower."]},"parsed_md":"How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub — The Family Handyman\n\nSkip links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Tool Set Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n\nHome\n\n * Organizing\n * Electrical\n * DIY University\n * Videos\n * Win a Tool Set\n\nCheck out 100 super-simple car repairs you don't need to go to the shop for›\n\n#### Bathroom Remodeling\n\n# How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub\n\n## Make your bathroom look fresh and new again. Read on to learn how to caulk\na shower or tub.\n\nNext Project›\n\nSooner or later, mold always shows up in bathroom caulking. This article\nexplains how to clean the old caulk out and then recaulk around a shower or\ntub.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: TBD\n\n## Recaulking basics\n\nAnybody can caulk a shower or tub. All you need is a tube of caulk and a\ncaulking gun. But if you don’t prep the surfaces properly, the caulk won’t\nlast long. And if you’re sloppy, the messy caulk job will ruin the look of\neven the most beautiful tile job. We talked to a few experts to learn how they\nget such smooth, clean-looking caulk lines, and we’ll show you their\ntechnique. And we’ll show you the best way how to remove mold from shower\ncaulking and prep the surface to get a long-lasting caulk job. Finally, we’ll\ngive you a heads-up on how to avoid the most common caulking mistakes.\n\nYou can remove the old caulk, prep the surface, and recaulk a tub or shower in\nabout four hours (including drying time). You’ll need a razor scraper and\nsingle-edge razor blades, caulk remover, mineral spirits, paper towels, a\nutility knife, a caulk gun, and kitchen and bath caulk. An oscillating tool\nwith a flexible scraper blade really speeds up the job of removing old caulk,\nbut you can do the job without it. Here’s how to start.\n\n## Buy the right caulk and a quality caulk gun\n\nTubs and showers require a special caulk that contains mold and mildew\nprevention additives. The tubes are usually labeled “for kitchen and bath\nuse.” Most are 100 percent silicone, but you can also find some latex\nversions. Latex caulk is easier to tool and cleans up with soap and water. If\nthis is your first time applying caulk, latex may be your best option.\nSilicone is more challenging to tool and requires mineral spirits for cleanup.\nHowever, silicone lasts longer than latex and stays flexible over its life.\nBut it’s harder to remove when it’s time to recaulk. Both types can develop\nmold and mildew once the additives wear out.\n\nMost home centers and hardware stores stock only three kitchen and bath caulk\ncolors: white, almond and clear. However, ask a salesclerk whether you can\nspecial-order a custom color. And check out a paint or hardware store. Some\ncan custom-mix colors right in the store. Most tile stores will carry a full\nrange of colors.\n\nA high-quality caulk gun can make a difference in your caulk job. It has a\nsturdier plunger mechanism to provide a smooth, even flow and a pressure\nrelease to stop the flow quickly. High-quality caulk guns cost a bit more\n(about $15), but they’re worth it. Economy guns usually have a ratchet action\nor a sloppy friction mechanism that pushes the caulk out in bursts, so you\napply too much in some areas and too little in others.\n\n## Preparation: Remove the old caulk\n\n### Photo 1: Cut and peel the old caulk\n\nSlice through the caulk along the walls with a utility knife or with an\noscillating tool equipped with a flexible scraper blade. Then use your knife\nor tool to scrape along the tub or shower floor.\n\n### Photo 2: Loosen and remove the remaining caulk.\n\nSquirt caulk remover on all the remaining caulk and let it do the hard work.\nThen scrape off all the old caulk with a razor scraper. Wipe with a rag.\n\nYou can’t apply new caulk on top of the old and expect it to last. So the old\ncaulk has to go. If the old caulk was silicone, you have to devote extra\neffort to remove all traces of it before applying new caulk. Start by slicing\nthrough the old caulk with a utility knife or an oscillating tool (Photo 1).\nThen scrape off as much old caulk as possible. Next, apply caulk remover to\nbreak the adhesive bond and make it easier to scrape off (Photo 2).\n\nOnce the old caulk is gone, remove any loose grout between the walls and the\ntub or shower floor. Treat any mold in the grout along the wall/tub gap with a\nmold-killing product. Scrub the grout and then rinse off the mold killer with\nwater and let it dry (use a hair dryer to speed the drying). Clean the\nsurfaces one last time with mineral spirits. Let dry.\n\n## How to Caulk a Shower or Tub: Mask the gap\n\n### Photo 3: Mask the gap\n\nMask the wall corner gaps first. Then apply tape to the walls above the tub or\nshower floor. Finish by applying tape to the tub or shower floor.\n\nSome pros scoff at the idea of using masking tape. But they caulk every day\nand can lay down a caulk bead with their eyes closed. For DIYers, we recommend\nmasking the gap. It takes a bit more time, but you’ll get much better results\nthan caulking freehand. Start by finding the largest gap between the\ntub/shower and the walls. That gap dictates how far apart you must space the\ntwo rows of tape. Then apply the masking tape (Photo 3). If you have a\nfiberglass or composite tub, you should fill it before you caulk.\n\n### Avoid These Caulking Mistakes\n\n * Buying the wrong caulk. Always use kitchen and bath caulk in a tub or shower. It contains mold and mildew inhibitors that are not present in other types of caulk.\n * Caulking on top of old caulk. New caulk doesn’t bond well to old caulk, especially if the old caulk contains silicone. Just like with painting, better surface prep provides better results.\n * Not removing mold on grout near the caulk areas. Grout is porous, and any mold present in the grout above the caulk line will eventually spread down into the new caulk area and destroy the bond.\n * Cutting the nozzle larger than the gap you’re filling. A larger opening applies too much product, making it harder to tool and clean up.\n\n## How to Caulk: Apply the caulk bead\n\n### Photo 4: Cut, push and apply\n\nCut the nozzle tip to match the gap width. Hold the gun at a 90-degree angle\nto the gap and push a bead of caulk slightly ahead of the nozzle as you push\nthe gun forward and continue applying pressure. Apply only enough caulk to\nfill the gap.\n\nThere are two schools of thought when it comes to tip angle and whether to\npull or push the caulk. Our experts prefer cutting the caulk tube nozzle at a\nblunt 20-degree angle, instead of 45 degrees. And they hold the gun at a\n90-degree angle to the gap while pushing a small bead ahead of the tip (Photo\n4). That way, they can complete the entire bead in one pass. Plus, the gun\npressure forces the caulk deeper into the gap for better holding power and\nsealing.\n\nIf you cut the tip at a 45-degree angle and pull the gun away from the\nstarting corner, your gun will always run into the opposite corner, forcing\nyou to flip it 180 degrees and start the bead again. That creates a blob where\nthe two beads meet, making tooling more difficult. Plus, pulling the gun tends\nto apply a surface bead that doesn’t penetrate as far into the gap.\n\nWhichever tip angle you choose, always cut the tip with a sharp utility knife\nrather than the cheesy guillotine mechanism built into some caulk guns. Remove\nany burrs with a utility knife or sandpaper before caulking—the burrs will\ncreate grooves in the caulk lines.\n\n## How to Caulk: Shape the bead and remove the tape\n\n### Photo 5: Tool with your finger\n\nWet your finger with water and start at an outer corner. Wipe your finger\nacross the caulk to create a rounded bead and remove excess caulk from the\ngap.\n\n### Photo 6: Peel off the tape\n\nLift a corner of the tape along the tub and pull it off at a steep angle while\nthe caulk is still wet. Then remove the tape along the wall. Remove the tape\nfrom the wall corners last.\n\nYou can find all kinds of caulk-shaping tools at home centers. But if you take\nour advice and tape off the wall, you won’t need any shaping tools. Just use\nyour index finger to tool the caulk (Photo 5). After tooling, remove the\nmasking tape while the caulk is still wet (Photo 6). Let the caulk cure for\nthe recommended time before using the tub or shower.\n\n## Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Caulk gun\n * Putty knife\n * Rags\n * Utility knife\n\nYou’ll also need a razor scraper, single-edge razor blades and an oscillating\ntool.\n\n## Required Materials for this Project\n\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\ntime. Here’s a list.\n\n * Bath and kitchen caulk\n * Caulk remover\n * Masking tape\n * Mineral spirits\n * Paper towels\n\n## Similar Projects\n\nHow to Plumb a Basement Bathroom\n\nHow to Install Natural Stone Tile\n\nBump-Out Addition\n\nHow to Install a Whirlpool Tub\n\nHow to Remodel a Small Bathroom\n\nTile Layout for Tubs and Showers\n\nHow to Buy a New Bathtub and Surround\n\nElegant Small Bathroom\n\nOne Weekend Bathroom Remodel\n\nVenting Exhaust Fans Through the Roof\n\nHow to Install a Bathtub: Install an Acrylic Tub and Tub Surround\n\nBathroom Makeover on a Budget\n\nHow to Remodel Your Bathroom Without Destroying It\n\nInstalling a Bathroom Sink: Wall-Hung Sink\n\n16 Cheap Bathroom Updates with Wow Factor\n\nReader Project: 1960’s Bathroom Remodel\n\nRenovate a 1950s Bathroom\n\nA Small Bathroom That Feels Big\n\nRemodel a Bathroom with Marble Mosaic and Limestone Tile\n\nOriginally Published on sitename.com\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n##### Read Next\n\nHow to Plumb a Basement Bathroom\n\nHow to Install Natural Stone Tile\n\nBump-Out Addition\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * OneMain Financial Services\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2019 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190723230026/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Remove Old Caulk & Recaulk a Bathtub","passages":["You've seen the ominous signs of aging caulk. First it was the brown tinge along the edges. Now its smooth and supple skin has turned brittle and cracked, opening the way for stubborn colonies of mildew to take hold, or for water to seep through and turn wallboard and framing mushy. Whether it's around your sink, between a tub and its tile surround, or covering the joints of your shower stall - it has got to go.","Fortunately, caulk is cheap, and applying it isn't difficult. All you need is an hour, a few common tools, and materials easily found at any hardware store. But as easy as it is, you still have to do it right, or you'll be caulking again next year, says This Old House general contractor Tom Silva. \"The key is to completely remove the old caulk, including the residue you can't see,\" he says. \"You've got to start fresh with a clean, smooth, dry surface.\"","Follow Tom's steps to remove old caulk and recaulk a bathtub below. \"You should get five to ten years out of that seal, easy,\" he says.","Richard Trehewey shows you how to figure out where a leak is coming from, how to fix it and how to properly caulk around a tub","The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.","(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.","(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.","The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.","(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.","(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.","For this job, Tom sliced away the old acrylic latex caulk with quick, sharp strokes of a 5-in-1 painter's tool and a razor scraper. You can also use a utility knife to remove old caulking. (Note: Metal blades can scratch plastic sinks, tubs, and surrounds; use a plastic razor blade instead. Caulk removers also harm plastic.)","A dry, nonabrasive pad scours away every trace of caulk residue. (Clean up after silicone with a pad soaked in mineral spirits. But to avoid scratching plastic fixtures, use a soft rag dampened with mineral spirits, not a scouring pad.) Wipe a damp cotton rag over the joint to remove the caulk dust and prepare the surface for the new caulk. Thoroughly dry the area with paper towels, a dry rag, or a hair dryer.","Lay parallel strips of blue painter's tape, about 3⁄8 inch apart, to keep the bead straight, uniform, and off surfaces where it shouldn't be.","Point the nozzle hole toward the joint; hold the gun equidistant from the surfaces on either side of the joint and about 45 degrees out from it. Then apply steady pressure to the trigger as you move the gun smoothly along the entire length of the seam. Whether you push or pull the gun is a matter of personal preference. Either way, keep the caulk gun moving at a steady speed matched to the rate that caulk is flowing out of the nozzle. Too fast, and the bead will be too thin, with bubbles or breaks in the seal; too slow, and you'll waste material and spend more time cleaning up.","Tip: Trim the nozzle at a 45-degree angle near the tip. The hole in the nozzle should be just big enough to fill the joint, roughly 3⁄16 inch.","As soon as the seams are filled, dampen a lint-free rag or paper towel and press it into the joint with your finger. Pull it along the joint in one continuous motion to shape the fresh caulk into a concave bead. Immediately remove the tape, one strip at a time, taking care not to let it touch any of the fresh caulk. Then go back and smooth the bead again to eliminate the tiny ridges left by the tape. Wait at least 24 hours for the caulk to cure before using the shower or bath.","15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel construction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.","15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel construction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc."]},"parsed_md":"How to Remove Old Caulk & Recaulk a Bathtub | This Old House\n\nSkip to main content\n\n##### Sign up today for our FREE email newsletters and get helpful tips\ndelivered to your email inbox\n\nX\n\nTrending: Summer Upkeep | 40th-Anniversary Countdown | Pro2Pro | Check TOH TV\nListings | DIY Smarts\n\nHome>How To | More in Tubs\n\n# How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\nTake aim at old, cruddy caulk, and give your tub a fresh new seal\n\nBy Jason Carpenter of This Old House magazine\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\n1 hour\n\nEstimated Time\n\n12345\n\nSkill: Easy to moderate\n\nJust do the job neatly and carefully for long-lasting success\n\nQuick Links: Required Tools|Shopping List\n\nYou've seen the ominous signs of aging caulk. First it was the brown tinge\nalong the edges. Now its smooth and supple skin has turned brittle and\ncracked, opening the way for stubborn colonies of mildew to take hold, or for\nwater to seep through and turn wallboard and framing mushy. Whether it's\naround your sink, between a tub and its tile surround, or covering the joints\nof your shower stall - it has got to go.\n\nFortunately, caulk is cheap, and applying it isn't difficult. All you need is\nan hour, a few common tools, and materials easily found at any hardware store.\nBut as easy as it is, you still have to do it right, or you'll be caulking\nagain next year, says This Old House general contractor Tom Silva. \"The key is\nto completely remove the old caulk, including the residue you can't see,\" he\nsays. \"You've got to start fresh with a clean, smooth, dry surface.\"\n\nFollow Tom's steps to remove old caulk and recaulk a bathtub below. \"You\nshould get five to ten years out of that seal, easy,\" he says.\n\n#### OTHER VIDEOS\n\n##### How to detect, fix and caulk a tub leak\n\nRichard Trehewey shows you how to figure out where a leak is coming from, how\nto fix it and how to properly caulk around a tub\n\nStep One // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Caulking Points\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nCaulking Points\n\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\n\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\nresidue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\nThat's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\nclear, white, and almond.\n\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to.\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\nsink and tub glazes.\n\nWant to hire a pro for this project?\n\nThis Old House has partnered with HomeAdvisor to connect you with trusted home\nimprovement pros!\n\nSteps // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n1 ×\n\n#### Caulking Points\n\nStep One // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Caulking Points\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nCaulking Points\n\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\n\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\nresidue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\nThat's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\nclear, white, and almond.\n\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to.\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\nsink and tub glazes.\n\n2 ×\n\n#### Remove Existing Caulk\n\nStep Two // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Remove Existing Caulk\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nFor this job, Tom sliced away the old acrylic latex caulk with quick, sharp\nstrokes of a 5-in-1 painter's tool and a razor scraper. You can also use a\nutility knife to remove old caulking. (Note: Metal blades can scratch plastic\nsinks, tubs, and surrounds; use a plastic razor blade instead. Caulk removers\nalso harm plastic.)\n\n3 ×\n\n#### Scrub\n\nStep Three // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Scrub\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nA dry, nonabrasive pad scours away every trace of caulk residue. (Clean up\nafter silicone with a pad soaked in mineral spirits. But to avoid scratching\nplastic fixtures, use a soft rag dampened with mineral spirits, not a scouring\npad.) Wipe a damp cotton rag over the joint to remove the caulk dust and\nprepare the surface for the new caulk. Thoroughly dry the area with paper\ntowels, a dry rag, or a hair dryer.\n\n4 ×\n\n#### Tape and Caulk\n\nStep Four // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Tape and Caulk\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nLay parallel strips of blue painter's tape, about 3⁄8 inch apart, to keep the\nbead straight, uniform, and off surfaces where it shouldn't be.\n\nPoint the nozzle hole toward the joint; hold the gun equidistant from the\nsurfaces on either side of the joint and about 45 degrees out from it. Then\napply steady pressure to the trigger as you move the gun smoothly along the\nentire length of the seam. Whether you push or pull the gun is a matter of\npersonal preference. Either way, keep the caulk gun moving at a steady speed\nmatched to the rate that caulk is flowing out of the nozzle. Too fast, and the\nbead will be too thin, with bubbles or breaks in the seal; too slow, and\nyou'll waste material and spend more time cleaning up.\n\nTip: Trim the nozzle at a 45-degree angle near the tip. The hole in the nozzle\nshould be just big enough to fill the joint, roughly 3⁄16 inch.\n\n5 ×\n\n#### Smooth\n\nStep Five // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Smooth\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nAs soon as the seams are filled, dampen a lint-free rag or paper towel and\npress it into the joint with your finger. Pull it along the joint in one\ncontinuous motion to shape the fresh caulk into a concave bead. Immediately\nremove the tape, one strip at a time, taking care not to let it touch any of\nthe fresh caulk. Then go back and smooth the bead again to eliminate the tiny\nridges left by the tape. Wait at least 24 hours for the caulk to cure before\nusing the shower or bath.\n\n#### Shop Related Products\n\n## Newborn 930-GTD Drip-Free Smooth Hex Rod Cradle Caulking Gun with Gator\nTrigger Comfort Grip, 1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 10:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$10.67 $20.28\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Edward Tools Drip Free Smooth Rod 10 oz Caulk Gun for standard Caulk tubes\n- 15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel\nconstruction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\n\n$7.95 $7.95\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Dripless Inc. ETS2000 Ergo Composite Caulk Gun\n\n$12.96 $12.96\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Newborn Pro Super Ratchet Rod Caulk Gun with Gator Trigger Comfort Grip,\n1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 6:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$9.32 $9.32\n\nSee Reviews\n\n#### More in Tubs\n\nA neat way to keep your caulk beads tidy\n\n## Clean Caulking\n\n## Removing Silicone Caulk\n\nPrevent the mess next time you're caulking\n\n## Cleaner Caulking Tip\n\n#### Sponsored Stories\n\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\ndirect to your inbox.\n\n#### TV Listings\n\nFind TV listings for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\n\nCustomer Service\n\n * Archive\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n * TV FAQ\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Our Company\n * Our TV Partners\n * Advertise\n * Press Room\n * Careers\n\nContests & Deals\n\n * INSIDER Deals & Discounts\n\nSubscriber Services\n\n * Give as Gift\n * Renew Subscription\n * Customer Service: 877-360-7546\n\nStep by Step Projects Tips from the Pros Affordable Remodels\n\nSubscribe!\n\n * Newsletters\n\nFollow This Old House:\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * pintrest\n * youtube\n * instagram\n * tumblr\n\nCopyright © 2019 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\n\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n×\n\n×\n\n×\n\n×\n\n×\n\nHow to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Tools for Now You're Caulking\n\n## 5-In-1 Painter's Tool\n\n## Caulk gun\n\n#### Shop Related Products\n\n## Newborn 930-GTD Drip-Free Smooth Hex Rod Cradle Caulking Gun with Gator\nTrigger Comfort Grip, 1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 10:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$10.67 $20.28\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Edward Tools Drip Free Smooth Rod 10 oz Caulk Gun for standard Caulk tubes\n- 15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel\nconstruction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\n\n$7.95 $7.95\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Dripless Inc. ETS2000 Ergo Composite Caulk Gun\n\n$12.96 $12.96\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Newborn Pro Super Ratchet Rod Caulk Gun with Gator Trigger Comfort Grip,\n1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 6:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$9.32 $9.32\n\nSee Reviews\n\n×\n\nHow to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Shopping List\n\n1\\. Non-abrasive Pad\n\n2\\. Cotton Rag\n\n3\\. Painter's Tape\n\n4\\. Caulk\n\n×\n\n×\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160808220740/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub","parsed_text":{"title":"Caulking a Tub","passages":["A continuous, watertight seal along the top edge of a bathtub or shower base is crucial. If the caulk is cracked or missing in spots, water will seep in and ruin the wall.","Repairing a caulked joint is easy and takes less than 30 minutes. Start by scraping out all the old, dried-out caulk using an awl or narrow-bladed screwdriver. Then dip a cloth in rubbing alcohol and clean the surface of all soap scum and greasy grime. Allow the cleaned surface to dry a few minutes, and apply a thick bead of tub-and-tile caulk along the joint. Smooth the bead with a wet finger."]},"parsed_md":"Caulking a Tub | This Old House\n\nSkip to main content\n\nMore in Tubs\n\n# Caulking a Tub\n\nA few minutes are well spent maintaining a watertight seal\n\nBy Ryan Wallenfang of Today's Homeowner\n\nIllustration by by Narda Lebo\n\nA continuous, watertight seal along the top edge of a bathtub or shower base\nis crucial. If the caulk is cracked or missing in spots, water will seep in\nand ruin the wall.\n\nRepairing a caulked joint is easy and takes less than 30 minutes. Start by\nscraping out all the old, dried-out caulk using an awl or narrow-bladed\nscrewdriver. Then dip a cloth in rubbing alcohol and clean the surface of all\nsoap scum and greasy grime. Allow the cleaned surface to dry a few minutes,\nand apply a thick bead of tub-and-tile caulk along the joint. Smooth the bead\nwith a wet finger.\n\n1 ×\n\n#### Caulking a Tub\n\n## Caulking a Tub\n\nIllustration by by Narda Lebo\n\nCaulking a Tub\n\nAlso in: Tubs\n\nPrevent the mess next time you're caulking\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Cleaner Caulking Tip\n\nKeep your ceramic tile from cracking when you drill into it\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Drilling Holes in Tile\n\nA simple way to remove the old stuff, even without a grout saw\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Getting Rid of Old Grout\n\nA neat way to keep your caulk beads tidy\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Clean Caulking\n\nThis Old House TV\n\n## North Shore Farmhouse | Making New Look Old\n\nOriginal Air Date: May 05, 2016\n\nSeason 35, Episode 23\n\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\ndirect to your inbox.\n\nAsk This Old House TV\n\n## Ask TOH | Moving Trees, Hooking Up a Washer\n\nOriginal Air Date: October 06, 2011\n\nSeason 10, Episode 1\n\n#### TV Listings\n\nFind TV Listing for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\n\nCustomer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n * TV FAQ\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Advertise\n * Our Company\n * Press Room\n * Our TV Partners\n\nContests & Deals\n\n * Deals & Discounts\n\n### Friends of TOH\n\nSubscriber Services\n\n * Give as Gift\n * Renew Subscription\n\nSubscribe now and save up to 79% off the newsstand price for just $1 an issue\n\nSubscribe!\n\n * Newsletter\n\nFollow This Old House:\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * google_plus\n * pintrest\n * youtube\n * instagram\n * tumblr\n\nCopyright © 2016 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\n\n * Terms of Service & Privacy Policy\n * California Privacy Rights\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20131007045106/http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home","passages":["enormous mess of your bathroom doing it. Here's how to caulk a bathtub, shower or sink properly, and how to choose the best caulk gun for the job.","I hate caulking. Maybe it's me, but I've tried caulk-smoothing tools and masking tape, and it still comes out sort of sloppy and half-baked-looking. Even my kids commented on the sink I caulked. There has to be a better way. Help me out here.","Clean caulking comes down to three things: the position of the caulk gun, the speed that you move the gun and the opening that you cut in the end of the tube. Sure, gadgets may improve the process, but caulking is a simple DIY skill. Once you learn how to do it, it's easy and predictable without the use of additional devices. It's also a fact that caulk is overused today. It's not a building material. It's often used to fill gaps and make up for sloppy workmanship, but no matter what you do, it will always look lousy when applied in those circumstances. And while I'm on this soapbox, another culprit is the $1.99 caulk gun. Stepping up to a pro-level gun that costs just $5 makes a world of difference in getting caulk to look neat. The pressure you produce with a pro-quality gun is consistent and its pump action is predictable and much smoother.","So let's start with the tube. Cut its tip at about a 45-degree angle. Use a utility knife with a fresh blade in it, or use a 1-inch-wide, razor-sharp chisel. The nozzle tip may have lines marked into it to indicate where to cut it. In almost all cases, I find the caulk extrudes more neatly if the tube opening is cut closer to the tip than the manufacturer recommends. A smaller bead is neater and there's simply less material to strike off if you need to clean up the joint with your index finger.","If you find that the bead of caulk is too small, you can always cut a little bit more off the nozzle tip. Finally, if a slight burr remains on the nozzle after you cut it, be sure to remove it by carefully paring with the knife.","Plan Ahead: Don't start caulking at a random corner or end point. Plan ahead to anticipate what your position will be as you move along the joint. For an enclosed tub, start caulking at one corner and then reverse the bead at the far end. Caulk outward from the remaining two corners.","Next, hold the caulk gun in the joint so the tube tip meets the surface at a compound 45-degree angle. I'm right-handed, so I usually brace the nozzle with my left hand and squeeze the handle gently while simultaneously drawing the gun slowly down the joint or around the surface. Don't squeeze the handle again until there's an appreciable drop-off in the caulk coming out of the nozzle. Get the timing and pressure right and you can produce long, smooth runs with a single pump of the handle. Except when starting to run a bead in a corner, I often place the tip of my index finger over the joint. With a little downward pressure, my fingertip smooths the caulk as it comes out. The result is a nice smooth bead that doesn't need further wiping.","When, despite your best effort, you find that the joint needs extra wiping to look good, draw a moistened finger down the joint (assuming you're using a latex or latex blend). If you're using a caulk that requires cleanup with mineral spirits, wear a disposable nitrile glove on the hand that you use to strike away excess material. The glove reduces the wear and tear on your finger and will make cleanup easier when you're done. Peel the glove. Toss it out."]},"parsed_md":"How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home - Popular Mechanics\n\n/ / Customer Service / Promotions / Blogs / Video / /\n\nTry: Hottest Cars Ever / Best DIY Tips / Best Gadgets Ever\n\nAutomotive\n\n * Road Test\n * Auto News\n * DIY Auto\n * Motorcycles\n * Alternative Fuel\n * Tire Guide\n * Jay Leno's Garage\n * Saturday Mechanic YouTube Show\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nDo We Really Need Car Dealerships Anymore?\n\n10 Cool Campers For Every Budget\n\nTechnology\n\n * Gadgets\n * Aviation\n * Engineering\n * Military\n * Digital Hollywood\n * DIY Tech\n * Your DIY Tech Workshop\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nGoogle Nexus 7 2013 Hands-On Review\n\nA Brief History of the Jetpack\n\nScience\n\n * Energy\n * Earth and the Environment\n * Space\n * Health\n * Mythbusters\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nHow Sci-Fi Movies Can Save Us From Aliens\n\nHere's Your $5 Billion Space Yacht\n\nHome How-To\n\n * Projects & Plans\n * Home Improvement\n * Tools Reviews\n * Skills\n * Lawn and Garden\n\nFeatured Stories\n\n7 Ways to Bring Solar Lighting to Your Home\n\nThe 10 Best Apps for DIYers\n\nOutdoors\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nHow to Pack for a Desert Excursion\n\n5 Techniques for the Extreme Fisherman\n\n * Recreation\n * Sports\n * Survival\n * This is My Job\n\nDIY Central\n\nHomepage / Home How-To / Home Improvement / Electrical and Plumbing / How to\nCaulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home\n\n# How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home\n\n## Caulking seems like a relatively easy home project until you make an\nenormous mess of your bathroom doing it. Here's how to caulk a bathtub, shower\nor sink properly, and how to choose the best caulk gun for the job.\n\nBy Roy Berendsohn\n\nEmail\n\nComments\n\nShare\n\nDecember 14, 2009 12:00 AM\n\nQ:\n\nI hate caulking. Maybe it's me, but I've tried caulk-smoothing tools and\nmasking tape, and it still comes out sort of sloppy and half-baked-looking.\nEven my kids commented on the sink I caulked. There has to be a better way.\nHelp me out here.\n\nA:\n\nClean caulking comes down to three things: the position of the caulk gun, the\nspeed that you move the gun and the opening that you cut in the end of the\ntube. Sure, gadgets may improve the process, but caulking is a simple DIY\nskill. Once you learn how to do it, it's easy and predictable without the use\nof additional devices. It's also a fact that caulk is overused today. It's not\na building material. It's often used to fill gaps and make up for sloppy\nworkmanship, but no matter what you do, it will always look lousy when applied\nin those circumstances. And while I'm on this soapbox, another culprit is the\n$1.99 caulk gun. Stepping up to a pro-level gun that costs just $5 makes a\nworld of difference in getting caulk to look neat. The pressure you produce\nwith a pro-quality gun is consistent and its pump action is predictable and\nmuch smoother.\n\n1\\. Cheapo caulk guns tend to extrude a messy bead.\n\n|\n\n2\\. A pro gun provides consistent pressure and better feedback. \n \n---|--- \n \nSo let's start with the tube. Cut its tip at about a 45-degree angle. Use a\nutility knife with a fresh blade in it, or use a 1-inch-wide, razor-sharp\nchisel. The nozzle tip may have lines marked into it to indicate where to cut\nit. In almost all cases, I find the caulk extrudes more neatly if the tube\nopening is cut closer to the tip than the manufacturer recommends. A smaller\nbead is neater and there's simply less material to strike off if you need to\nclean up the joint with your index finger.\n\nIf you find that the bead of caulk is too small, you can always cut a little\nbit more off the nozzle tip. Finally, if a slight burr remains on the nozzle\nafter you cut it, be sure to remove it by carefully paring with the knife.\n\nPlan Ahead: Don't start caulking at a random corner or end point. Plan ahead\nto anticipate what your position will be as you move along the joint. For an\nenclosed tub, start caulking at one corner and then reverse the bead at the\nfar end. Caulk outward from the remaining two corners.\n\nNext, hold the caulk gun in the joint so the tube tip meets the surface at a\ncompound 45-degree angle. I'm right-handed, so I usually brace the nozzle with\nmy left hand and squeeze the handle gently while simultaneously drawing the\ngun slowly down the joint or around the surface. Don't squeeze the handle\nagain until there's an appreciable drop-off in the caulk coming out of the\nnozzle. Get the timing and pressure right and you can produce long, smooth\nruns with a single pump of the handle. Except when starting to run a bead in a\ncorner, I often place the tip of my index finger over the joint. With a little\ndownward pressure, my fingertip smooths the caulk as it comes out. The result\nis a nice smooth bead that doesn't need further wiping.\n\nWhen, despite your best effort, you find that the joint needs extra wiping to\nlook good, draw a moistened finger down the joint (assuming you're using a\nlatex or latex blend). If you're using a caulk that requires cleanup with\nmineral spirits, wear a disposable nitrile glove on the hand that you use to\nstrike away excess material. The glove reduces the wear and tear on your\nfinger and will make cleanup easier when you're done. Peel the glove. Toss it\nout.\n\n * 3 Quick, Cheap Upgrades for Your Brighter Bathroom : Action Plan\n * How to Use a Caulk Gun: PM Tool Tips\n * Pro Caulk Review: Do As Seen On TV Products Work?\n * How to Choose the Right Caulk for Any Surface\n * PM's Favorite DIY Guy Projects\n * How to Remove Caulk in 6 Easy Steps\n\n## Post a comment\n\nCONNECT WITH POPULAR MECHANICS:\n\nFeatured Video\n\nGiveaways\n\nEnter to Win $10,000 in the Cool Tools Giveaway!\n\nSee All Giveaways\n\nMore From Popular Mechanics\n\n * Shell V-Power\n * Vote For Your Favorite Project! 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All Rights Reserved. Being Green /Why did I\nget this ad?\n\nSign up for Popular Mechanics's free newsletter!\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160713133015/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Caulk Around a Tub","passages":["The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.","(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that’s hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That’s why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.","(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it’s applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn’t have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.","From style to tile, find tons of inspirational photos, ideas, and how-tos for brand-new rooms, quick upgrades, and big and small fixes, plus special offers."]},"parsed_md":"Overview | How to Caulk Around a Tub | This Old House\n\n * ##### Breathtaking Backyard Before-and-Afters\n\nLook!\n\n * ##### Why to Wear Chainsaw Safety Gear\n\nWatch Now\n\n * ##### Read This Before You Replace Your Windows\n\nGet our Tips\n\n###### Share\n\n * S H A R E\n\n * # VIDEO\n\nSee What's Trending Now!\n\n * Home\n * Bathroom\n * Tubs\n * How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n# How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Take aim at old, cruddy caulk, and give your tub a fresh new seal\n\nJason CarpenterThis Old House magazine\n\nPhotograph: David Carmack\n\n«»\n\n * Previous Step\n * Next Step\n * * All Steps\n\nClose\n\n * ###### Introduction\n\n * ###### Overview\n\n * ###### Step 1\n\nRemove Existing Caulk\n\n * ###### Step 2\n\nScrub\n\n * ###### Step 3\n\nTape and Caulk\n\n * ###### Step 4\n\nSmooth\n\n * ###### Difficulty: Easy to moderate\n\n * ###### 1 hour\n\n * ###### Tools\n\n * ###### Shopping List\n\n### Overview\n\nCaulking Points\n\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\n\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\nresidue that’s hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\nThat’s why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\nclear, white, and almond.\n\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it’s applied to.\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn’t have much if any\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\nsink and tub glazes.\n\n#### Related Content\n\n * Ask This Old House: Removing Silicone Caulk\n * Skill Builder: Clean Caulking\n * Skill Builder: Cleaner Caulking Tip\n\nAsk TOH users about Tubs\n\nDiscuss\n\n#### Contribute to This Story Below\n\nAdd Comment\n\n#### More in Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Lighting\n * Tubs\n * Bathroom Sinks\n * Showers\n * Small Bathrooms\n\n#### Tools List\n\nClose\n\n * ###### 5-in-1 Tool or Utility Knife\n\n * ###### Caulking Gun\n\n#### Shopping List\n\nClose\n\n1\\. Non-abrasive Pad\n\n2\\. Cotton Rag\n\n3\\. Painter's Tape\n\n4\\. Caulk\n\n * #### Newsletters\n\nSee All Newsletters\n\nSee Sample\n\n###### Kitchen & BathTwice-monthly\n\nFrom style to tile, find tons of inspirational photos, ideas, and how-tos for\nbrand-new rooms, quick upgrades, and big and small fixes, plus special offers.\n\n * #### From Our Partners\n\n * #### This Old House To Go\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give A Gift\n * Newsletter\n * Tablet\n\n * ##### Newsletters\n\nSign up for FREE e-mail newsletters to get helpful tips and timely advice,\nplus special offers\n\n * ##### Customer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Ad Choices Ad Choices\n * Terms of Service\n * Site Map\n * Archive\n * ##### Subscriber Services\n\n * Get This Old House For Your Tablet\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Renew Your Subscription\n * Customer Service\n * ##### Partner Sites:\n\n * MyHomeIdeas\n * Real Simple\n * ##### Friends of TOH:\n\n * Houzz\n * Hometalk\n * ##### Contests & Deals\n\n * Contests & Sweepstakes\n * Deals & Discounts\n\n##### TOH Ventures\n\n * Advertise with Us\n * Our Project House Partners\n * Our TV Partners\n * Press Room\n\n * Tablet\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * RSS\n\nAmerica's Most Trusted Home Improvement Brand\n\nCopyright © 2016 Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in\npart without permission is prohibited.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170105191024/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all","parsed_text":{"title":"Bathtub Caulking Tips","passages":["If a lumpy caulk job bugs you, check out these tips to help anyone learn to run a smooth bead of caulk. With advice from a pro painter and a tile setter, you'll soon be caulking everything around the house.","I'm always surprised when people ask, “How do you get such a smooth bead of caulk?” For me it seems easy and I usually just reply that it takes practice. But after talking with a painter and a tile setter who both spend a lot of time caulking, I discovered a few techniques that will cut the practice time to a minimum. You can get good results right away. In this article, we'll show you how to get a neat caulk bead around a bathtub, but you can use the same techniques for other caulking as well.","Cut off the tip of the caulk tube with a sharp knife at about a 45-degree angle. Cut very near the end to make a 1/8-in. diameter opening. Smooth and round the tip slightly with 100-grit sandpaper.","The biggest mistake most people make is cutting too much off the tip of the caulk tube. In general, the size of the hole should be about two-thirds the width of the desired caulk joint. Most caulking jobs around the home only require a narrow bead. If you're caulking woodwork to prepare it for paint, start with the opening very small, just over 1/16 in. diameter. For tub caulking, a 1/8-in. diameter hole is usually about right. Some caulk tubes need to be punched in order to start the flow of caulk. Nails aren't always long enough. Use a thin, stiff wire like a scrap electrical wire or coat hanger to avoid enlarging the hole at the tip.","You'll notice 45-degree marks on the tips of some caulk tubes, indicating the angle you should cut the tube. But some pros recommend a blunter tip angle, about 60 degrees. Give it a try. You can always cut the steeper, 45-degree angle if you don't like it. Regardless of the angle of the cut, the key is to hold the caulk gun at this same angle while you're filling the joint.","A smooth tip makes a smooth bead. So use a sharp knife to cut the tip, and follow up by smoothing the tip with fine sandpaper (close-up photo).","Squeeze the handle to start the flow of caulk. Release the pressure as soon as caulk appears at the tip. Then clean off the excess with a damp rag.","Set the tip at the starting spot. Hold the caulking gun at a consistent angle and keep moving quickly while you squeeze steadily on the handle.","TIP: Align the angle on the tip of the tube to the caulk gun handle. Then tape the tube in place. This way you won't have to check the position of the tip every time you start caulking.","To apply a smooth bead of caulk that's just the right size, you have to find the best balance between pressure on the handle and application speed. The trick is to keep the pressure constant and vary the speed according to the size of the joint. To get a small, fine bead of caulk, you've got to move the tip along the joint at a rapid clip. Keep the caulk gun at the same angle and try to fill the joint as you go, but don't worry if you leave a gap. It's easier to make a second high-speed pass than it is to clean up excess caulk from going too slowly. You can slow down a little for larger caulk joints, but keep the speed steady.","Squeeze the caulk gun handle steadily to maintain an even flow of caulk (Photo 3). Keep the gun moving as you let up and give the handle another squeeze. When you reach the end, quickly lift the tip from the surface and release pressure. Clean excess caulk from the tip before you start a new bead (Photo 2).","Smooth the bead using light pressure with a wet fingertip. Clean excess caulk off your fingertip with a damp cloth.","Too much pressure and not enough speed cause caulk to ooze out on the sides. Completely wipe off the caulk and try again.","Smoothing not only makes the caulk look good—it ensures good adhesion on each side of the gap. Forget about special tools. Just use the tip of your finger (Photo 4). Wet your finger with water for latex caulk. Then use a wet rag to clean off your fingertip. Rinse the rag often. If you're using silicone caulk, wear a tight-fitting latex or vinyl glove and wet the fingertip with denatured alcohol. Keep your beads of silicone and urethane caulk slim to make smoothing easier. If you get much excess, they're hard to clean up and things can get really messy if you keep wiping your finger on the same rag. Use paper towels or a roll of toilet paper instead so you can use a new piece every time you wipe off your finger.","I've talked to pros who swear by the expensive frame-type guns instead of the more common cradle-type (photos below). If you do a lot of caulking, it may be worth spending $15 to $20 for one of these. I admit they work smoothly and are easy to use. But for my money, a medium-priced (about $5) “dripless” gun is the way to go. Look for the “dripless” label on the gun. These are designed to take pressure off the tube as soon as you release the handle so you don't end up with a river of caulk flowing out every time you set the gun down. I also prefer a gun with a smooth rod, without notches.","It takes a little longer, but the technique shown in Photos 1 and 2 below makes it easy to get a perfect caulk joint every time. This tip is handy if you're using silicone caulk because cleaning up excess silicone is always difficult. Place two strips of masking tape about 3/16 in. apart where you want the caulk joint. Be careful to keep the lines straight and an even distance apart. Press the tape tight to the surface, especially at grout joints or other depressions, so caulk doesn't ooze under the tape.","Apply two strips of masking tape, leaving space between them for the desired caulk joint width. Lay a bead of caulk and smooth it with your fingertip."]},"parsed_md":"Bathtub Caulking Tips | The Family Handyman\n\n### Select Username\n\n### Modal title\n\n##### Don't have an account yet?\n\nSign up today for FREE and become part of The Family Handyman community of\nDIYers.\n\nMember benefits:\n\n * Get a FREE Traditional Bookcase Project Plan\n * Sign up for FREE DIY newsletters\n\nJoin us\n\n * Newsletters\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY Tip Genius App\n * Free Product Info\n * Promotions\n * Login\n * Join us\n * Hello ScreenName\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n\n * Subscribe Now »\n * Give a Gift »\n * Digital Edition »\n * Customer Care »\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\nMagazine\n\nGive a gift\n\nShop\n\n * How To & Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\nBack\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Small Engine Repair\n * Tires\n * Utility Trailer\n * Carpentry\n\nBack\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\nBack\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Drywall\n\nBack\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\nBack\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Outdoor Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Heating & Cooling\n\nBack\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Masonry\n\nBack\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Painting\n\nBack\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\nBack\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tiling\n\nBack\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Tools\n\nBack\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\nBack\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Ceiling\n * Doors\n\nBack\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Floors\n\nBack\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Roof\n\nBack\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\nBack\n\n * Window Repair\n * Rooms\n\nBack\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\nBack\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\nBack\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Laundry\n * Workshop\n\nBack\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\nBack\n\n * Decks\n\nBack\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\nBack\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\nBack\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Furniture\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Advice\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * Energy Saving Tips\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * Subscribe\n\nBack\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY University\n * Free Product Info\n * Newsletters\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n * * Join Us\n * Log In\n * Hello\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n * Get DIY tips in your inbox\n\n * Follow Us\n\nFixing a toilet Electrical Organizing Cleaning Plumbing Automotive\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Rooms\n 3. Bathroom\n 4. Bathtub Caulking Tips\n\n# Bathtub Caulking Tips\n\nHow to achieve smooth caulk.\n\nPrint\n\nShare:\n\n * Article\n * Tools & Materials\n * Next Project ›\n\nIf a lumpy caulk job bugs you, check out these tips to help anyone learn to\nrun a smooth bead of caulk. With advice from a pro painter and a tile setter,\nyou'll soon be caulking everything around the house.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: Tips For Caulking\n\n * Overview\n * A nice bead starts with a well-prepared tip\n * Match your caulking speed to the size of the bead\n * Smooth the caulk with your finger\n\n#### Similar Projects\n\n * How to Convert Bathtub Drain Lever to a Lift-and-Turn Drain\n\n * How to Clean Showerheads\n\n * How to Adjust Sliding Shower Doors\n\n * How to Fit a Shower Tray\n\n * Shower Faucet Installation\n\n * How to Install a Fiberglass Base Over Concrete\n\n * How to Replace a Two-Handle Shower Valve With a Single-Handle Unit\n\n * DIY Outdoor Shower Privacy\n\n * Article\n\n## Overview\n\nI'm always surprised when people ask, “How do you get such a smooth bead of\ncaulk?” For me it seems easy and I usually just reply that it takes practice.\nBut after talking with a painter and a tile setter who both spend a lot of\ntime caulking, I discovered a few techniques that will cut the practice time\nto a minimum. You can get good results right away. In this article, we'll show\nyou how to get a neat caulk bead around a bathtub, but you can use the same\ntechniques for other caulking as well.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## A nice bead starts with a well-prepared tip\n\n### Photo 1: Cut caulk tube with care\n\nCut off the tip of the caulk tube with a sharp knife at about a 45-degree\nangle. Cut very near the end to make a 1/8-in. diameter opening. Smooth and\nround the tip slightly with 100-grit sandpaper.\n\n### Close-up\n\nSmooth the tip with sandpaper.\n\nThe biggest mistake most people make is cutting too much off the tip of the\ncaulk tube. In general, the size of the hole should be about two-thirds the\nwidth of the desired caulk joint. Most caulking jobs around the home only\nrequire a narrow bead. If you're caulking woodwork to prepare it for paint,\nstart with the opening very small, just over 1/16 in. diameter. For tub\ncaulking, a 1/8-in. diameter hole is usually about right. Some caulk tubes\nneed to be punched in order to start the flow of caulk. Nails aren't always\nlong enough. Use a thin, stiff wire like a scrap electrical wire or coat\nhanger to avoid enlarging the hole at the tip.\n\nYou'll notice 45-degree marks on the tips of some caulk tubes, indicating the\nangle you should cut the tube. But some pros recommend a blunter tip angle,\nabout 60 degrees. Give it a try. You can always cut the steeper, 45-degree\nangle if you don't like it. Regardless of the angle of the cut, the key is to\nhold the caulk gun at this same angle while you're filling the joint.\n\nA smooth tip makes a smooth bead. So use a sharp knife to cut the tip, and\nfollow up by smoothing the tip with fine sandpaper (close-up photo).\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Match your caulking speed to the size of the bead\n\n### Photo 2: Prep your caulk gun\n\nSqueeze the handle to start the flow of caulk. Release the pressure as soon as\ncaulk appears at the tip. Then clean off the excess with a damp rag.\n\n### Photo 3: Steady your caulk gun\n\nSet the tip at the starting spot. Hold the caulking gun at a consistent angle\nand keep moving quickly while you squeeze steadily on the handle.\n\nTIP: Align the angle on the tip of the tube to the caulk gun handle. Then tape\nthe tube in place. This way you won't have to check the position of the tip\nevery time you start caulking.\n\nTo apply a smooth bead of caulk that's just the right size, you have to find\nthe best balance between pressure on the handle and application speed. The\ntrick is to keep the pressure constant and vary the speed according to the\nsize of the joint. To get a small, fine bead of caulk, you've got to move the\ntip along the joint at a rapid clip. Keep the caulk gun at the same angle and\ntry to fill the joint as you go, but don't worry if you leave a gap. It's\neasier to make a second high-speed pass than it is to clean up excess caulk\nfrom going too slowly. You can slow down a little for larger caulk joints, but\nkeep the speed steady.\n\nSqueeze the caulk gun handle steadily to maintain an even flow of caulk (Photo\n3). Keep the gun moving as you let up and give the handle another squeeze.\nWhen you reach the end, quickly lift the tip from the surface and release\npressure. Clean excess caulk from the tip before you start a new bead (Photo\n2).\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Smooth the caulk with your finger\n\n### Photo 4: Smooth caulk with wet finger\n\nSmooth the bead using light pressure with a wet fingertip. Clean excess caulk\noff your fingertip with a damp cloth.\n\n### Oops!\n\nToo much pressure and not enough speed cause caulk to ooze out on the sides.\nCompletely wipe off the caulk and try again.\n\nSmoothing not only makes the caulk look good—it ensures good adhesion on each\nside of the gap. Forget about special tools. Just use the tip of your finger\n(Photo 4). Wet your finger with water for latex caulk. Then use a wet rag to\nclean off your fingertip. Rinse the rag often. If you're using silicone caulk,\nwear a tight-fitting latex or vinyl glove and wet the fingertip with denatured\nalcohol. Keep your beads of silicone and urethane caulk slim to make smoothing\neasier. If you get much excess, they're hard to clean up and things can get\nreally messy if you keep wiping your finger on the same rag. Use paper towels\nor a roll of toilet paper instead so you can use a new piece every time you\nwipe off your finger.\n\n##### Choosing a Caulking Gun\n\nI've talked to pros who swear by the expensive frame-type guns instead of the\nmore common cradle-type (photos below). If you do a lot of caulking, it may be\nworth spending $15 to $20 for one of these. I admit they work smoothly and are\neasy to use. But for my money, a medium-priced (about $5) “dripless” gun is\nthe way to go. Look for the “dripless” label on the gun. These are designed to\ntake pressure off the tube as soon as you release the handle so you don't end\nup with a river of caulk flowing out every time you set the gun down. I also\nprefer a gun with a smooth rod, without notches.\n\nFrame- and cradle-style caulking guns\n\n##### Use Masking Tape for Perfect Caulk Joints\n\nIt takes a little longer, but the technique shown in Photos 1 and 2 below\nmakes it easy to get a perfect caulk joint every time. This tip is handy if\nyou're using silicone caulk because cleaning up excess silicone is always\ndifficult. Place two strips of masking tape about 3/16 in. apart where you\nwant the caulk joint. Be careful to keep the lines straight and an even\ndistance apart. Press the tape tight to the surface, especially at grout\njoints or other depressions, so caulk doesn't ooze under the tape.\n\nApply two strips of masking tape, leaving space between them for the desired\ncaulk joint width. Lay a bead of caulk and smooth it with your fingertip.\n\nImmediately pull the tape away from the caulk at an angle as shown.\n\nBack to Top\n\n * Tools & Materials\n\n#### Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Caulk gun\n * Painters tape\n * Rags\n * Utility knife\n\nYou'll also need sandpaper.\n\n#### Required Materials for this Project\n\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\ntime. Here's a list.\n\n * Caulk\n\n# Popular How-To Videos\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### Follow Us\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### We Recommend\n\n### 20 Secret Hiding Places\n\n### Save Money With Home Energy Audit\n\n### Install Cabinets Like a Pro!\n\n### How to Unclog a Drain\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * About Us\n * Rooms\n * Skills\n * Parts of the House\n * Outdoors\n * Magazine\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191224113407/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Laying Down A Perfect Bead\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Caulking is a common maintenance task. But doing it well takes some skill and an understanding of which caulk to use.\",\n \"On the surface, caulking seems the simplest of homeowner projects, but anyone who has ever sealed around a bathtub knows it's easy for this type of job to turn into a real mess. It takes practice to lay down a perfect bead of caulk. That's why tradespeople who do it daily, like tilesetters and painters, are so good at it. Caulking also requires the knowledge to select the right caulk for the job. There are dozens of dissimilar materials such as tile, wood and vinyl that require bonding and/or gap filling around your home, and no one single product works everywhere. But help is on the way. We'll show you how to buy the right caulk and how to lay down that elusive perfect bead.\",\n \"1. Whether you're caulking with a gun or a squeeze tube (a wise choice for small jobs that call for a water-based caulk), keep the tip moving and try to maintain steady dispensing pressure for an even bead.\",\n \"3. It's best to tool silicone and polyurethane joints with a plastic spoon or a caulk tool. For poly caulk, wet the tool surface with solvent to get smooth results with this super- sticky material.\",\n \"Even though there are now more different types of caulk and sealant available than ever before, it's actually easier to find the right product. In a welcome change, many manufacturers use large, job-specific labels on cartridges and tubes. You don't have to read the fine print to learn about recommended uses. But it's still important to understand which basic type of caulk is being offered. For one thing, chemistry has an impact on the broad price range you'll see in the caulk aisle: A 10-oz. cartridge costs from $1 to $7.50 or more. Chemical content also determines some important general characteristics, such as how easily caulk joints can be shaped, or tooled, whether a caulk can be painted and how durable it is.\",\n \"New caulks are always hitting the market, so knowing something about their chemistry can signal how big an advancement a new product really is. For example, the downside of silicone caulk is that you can't paint it. But DAP's Paintable Silicone Sealant is a true water-based silicone caulk that can be painted. It's also easy to work and odorless. And instead of using mineral spirits to clean it up, you can use soap and water. Here's a look at the four types of caulk.\",\n \"Rubber caulks. These products are made with rubber compounds like butyl, isoprene, butadiene, nitrile and styrene. Rubber caulks typically offer good adhesion and excellent water resistance; you can even apply them to damp surfaces. But their solvents are highly flammable and dangerous to breathe, so don't use these caulks indoors. Rubber caulks are especially sticky and difficult to tool, and they will shrink as they cure. Without any tooling, a round bead will dry fairly flat.\",\n \"Latex caulks. Also labeled as acrylic or vinyl caulks and sealants, these water-based products are the easiest to use, will handle the broadest range of applications and are often the least expensive. However, many latex caulks aren't as durable as more expensive options. \\\"Siliconized\\\" latex caulks contain small amounts of silicone for improved durability and adhesion.\",\n \"Latex caulks don't contain volatile solvents that pose fire and health hazards, and joints are easy to tool. But avoid removing too much material when tooling, because shrinkage will further reduce the width of the caulk joint. A broad range of colors is available, including hues that match most plumbing fixtures. Water-based caulks can be also be painted.\",\n \"Silicone caulks. These products stay flexible at all temperatures, are completely waterproof and adhere to a wide range of materials. They are excellent all-weather caulks that can also be used in wet indoor locations, primarily around tubs and shower stalls. However, because silicone is expensive and offers poor tear and abrasion resistance, it's not a good choice in high-traffic areas. Except in water-based versions, this family of caulks is unpaintable and difficult to tool. Among solvent-based silicones, caulks or sealants labeled \\\"neutral cure\\\" or \\\"odorless\\\" are preferable because they don't give off any unpleasant odor as they cure. Plus, the acetic acid produced as \\\"smelly\\\" silicones cure can corrode certain metals and masonry surfaces.\",\n \"Polyurethane sealants. Just like polyurethane varnishes, this family of caulks and sealants is superdurable. Abrasion and tear resistance are superior to silicone, and the caulk is highly adhesive, waterproof and flexible. Shrinkage is minimal, and most polyurethane formulations can be painted or stained. Because it's expensive, this caulk should be used sparingly -- only where strength, durability and weather resistance are important. Tooling is messy and difficult, and you need to clean up with solvent.\",\n \"Existing caulk (especially silicone and poly) must be completely removed before new caulk can go on. Use a sharp utility knife or a narrow chisel, and brush or vacuum out all loose debris. Rubbing alcohol removes soap scum on tubs; a blow-dryer set on low will dry up damp joints.\",\n \"Caulking guns. There is a difference in caulking guns. Look for heavier-gauge metal, a built-in cutter for the tip of the tube and an integral steel pin for puncturing the seal. Most pros prefer a solid-shaft gun that advances with a cam over the notched-shaft type, citing more even pressure on the piston, which results in a smoother bead. These guns cost $5 to $7 each.\",\n \"But not all jobs call for a gun; there are two other types of dispensers that can make a job easier. For example, 5-oz. squeeze tubes are great for small, interior jobs. And 7-oz. pressurized cans let you lay down a uniform bead when working with only one hand, such as when caulking overhead.\",\n \"Getting ready. Before you open the tube, make sure the temperature and conditions are right for application. \\\"When the weather turns cold, I take my caulk out of the truck and store it indoors,\\\"explains Jeff Younkin, a remodeler based in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. \\\"Many caulks are difficult to work in cold weather, so it makes sense to keep them warm as long as possible.\\\"The working temperature range of caulk varies by type; check the label.\",\n \"Another important factor in application is how you cut the tip of the tube. The biggest mistake is cutting too far down, creating an opening that's too big. The opening should be slightly smaller than the bead you'll apply. Also, cut the tube at an angle (up to 45 degrees); some pros use a nearly straight cut, arguing this makes caulking into interior corners easier.\",\n \"If the crack you're filling is deeper than 1/2 in., you must wedge flexible backer rod (available where caulk is sold) into the joint so the caulk is limited to a depth of 3/8 in. The ideal width for a bead is also less than 3/8 in. It's easy to ignore this step, but the price you'll pay later is an open caulk joint.\",\n \"Letting it flow. If you're not confident of your caulking skills and are laying down a bead that will show, consider applying masking tape to both sides of the joint before caulking. Then remove the tape as soon as you've finished tooling. When caulking, keep the gun (or squeeze tube) moving so you leave an even bead. You can either push or pull the tube, whichever is most comfortable for you. As you near the end of the joint, press the release lever on your gun (or withdraw the piston slightly) to stop the flow of caulk. When applying a long bead, break it up into shorter sections. \\\"I often apply and tool just several feet at a time,\\\"says Younkin. \\\"I get one section to look the way I want and then move on to the next.\\\"\",\n \"Tooling. Be extra cautious about overapplying silicone and polyurethane caulks because these sealants are difficult to tool and messy. Tool butyl, silicone and polyurethane caulks with a caulking tool or a plastic spoon. (Water-based caulks can be tooled with a moistened finger.) Standard-cure silicone is tricky because it's very sticky and must be cleaned up quickly -- once cured, silicone yields only to a razor blade.\",\n \"For smooth results with butyl and polyurethane, make sure to dip your spoon or tool in solvent. Also have the proper cleanup gear handy: a moistened sponge if you're using water-based caulk, or solvent and clean rags with other sealants.\",\n \"The replaceable tip that comes with some caulks can be used to seal a partially used tube. But caulk will still harden in the tip. If you're lucky, your first few trigger squeezes will push the hard material free, but often it requires the help of a 16d nail or the purchase of a new tube.\",\n \"Rubber Caulks What the label say: Butyl or rubber caulk; asphalt filler; roof or gutter sealant. Price: $2 to $3.50 Main uses: Sealing and repairing aluminum gutters; caulking aluminum flashing; filling cracks in asphalt; sealing siding around doors and windows. Cleanup: mineral spirits or lacquer thinner.\",\n \"Latex Caulks What the label say: Latex; acrylic; vinyl; siliconized acrylic caulk. Price: $1 to $5 Main uses: Utility caulking for nearly all interior and some exterior sealing. Cleanup: water.\",\n \"Silicone Caulks What the label say: Silicone; Silicone II^TM; 100 percent silicone sealant and caulk. Price: $4 to $7 Main uses: Sealing around tubs, shower stalls and sinks; caulking exterior trim; repairing gutters; sealing or caulking against aluminum, glass and other nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral spirits.\",\n \"Polyurethane Sealants What the label say: Marine adhesive; polyurethane window and siding caulk; polyurethane concrete/masonry sealant. Price: $3.50 to $7.50 Main uses: Sealing control joints in concrete; repairing cracked masonry; exterior caulking around windows and doors; repairing cracked vinyl siding; bridging gaps between porous and nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral spirits.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Laying Down A Perfect Bead | This Old House\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n##### Sign up today for our FREE email newsletters and get helpful tips\\ndelivered to your email inbox\\n\\nX\\n\\nTrending: Streaming App | Clearstory | Pro2Pro | Check TOH TV Listings | DIY\\nSmarts\\n\\nHome>Ideas | More in Workshops\\n\\n# Laying Down A Perfect Bead\\n\\nCaulking is a common maintenance task. But doing it well takes some skill and\\nan understanding of which caulk to use.\\n\\nBy Tim Snyder of Today's Homeowner\\n\\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\\n\\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\\n\\nOn the surface, caulking seems the simplest of homeowner projects, but anyone\\nwho has ever sealed around a bathtub knows it's easy for this type of job to\\nturn into a real mess. It takes practice to lay down a perfect bead of caulk.\\nThat's why tradespeople who do it daily, like tilesetters and painters, are so\\ngood at it. Caulking also requires the knowledge to select the right caulk for\\nthe job. There are dozens of dissimilar materials such as tile, wood and vinyl\\nthat require bonding and/or gap filling around your home, and no one single\\nproduct works everywhere. But help is on the way. We'll show you how to buy\\nthe right caulk and how to lay down that elusive perfect bead.\\n\\n1\\\\. Whether you're caulking with a gun or a squeeze tube (a wise choice for\\nsmall jobs that call for a water-based caulk), keep the tip moving and try to\\nmaintain steady dispensing pressure for an even bead.\\n\\n2\\\\. An index finger works fine when tooling a bead of water-based caulk. An\\nice cube is another alternative.\\n\\n3\\\\. It's best to tool silicone and polyurethane joints with a plastic spoon or\\na caulk tool. For poly caulk, wet the tool surface with solvent to get smooth\\nresults with this super- sticky material.\\n\\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\\n\\n## Choosing the right caulk\\n\\nEven though there are now more different types of caulk and sealant available\\nthan ever before, it's actually easier to find the right product. In a welcome\\nchange, many manufacturers use large, job-specific labels on cartridges and\\ntubes. You don't have to read the fine print to learn about recommended uses.\\nBut it's still important to understand which basic type of caulk is being\\noffered. For one thing, chemistry has an impact on the broad price range\\nyou'll see in the caulk aisle: A 10-oz. cartridge costs from $1 to $7.50 or\\nmore. Chemical content also determines some important general characteristics,\\nsuch as how easily caulk joints can be shaped, or tooled, whether a caulk can\\nbe painted and how durable it is.\\n\\nNew caulks are always hitting the market, so knowing something about their\\nchemistry can signal how big an advancement a new product really is. For\\nexample, the downside of silicone caulk is that you can't paint it. But DAP's\\nPaintable Silicone Sealant is a true water-based silicone caulk that can be\\npainted. It's also easy to work and odorless. And instead of using mineral\\nspirits to clean it up, you can use soap and water. Here's a look at the four\\ntypes of caulk.\\n\\nRubber caulks. These products are made with rubber compounds like butyl,\\nisoprene, butadiene, nitrile and styrene. Rubber caulks typically offer good\\nadhesion and excellent water resistance; you can even apply them to damp\\nsurfaces. But their solvents are highly flammable and dangerous to breathe, so\\ndon't use these caulks indoors. Rubber caulks are especially sticky and\\ndifficult to tool, and they will shrink as they cure. Without any tooling, a\\nround bead will dry fairly flat.\\n\\nLatex caulks. Also labeled as acrylic or vinyl caulks and sealants, these\\nwater-based products are the easiest to use, will handle the broadest range of\\napplications and are often the least expensive. However, many latex caulks\\naren't as durable as more expensive options. \\\"Siliconized\\\" latex caulks\\ncontain small amounts of silicone for improved durability and adhesion.\\n\\nLatex caulks don't contain volatile solvents that pose fire and health\\nhazards, and joints are easy to tool. But avoid removing too much material\\nwhen tooling, because shrinkage will further reduce the width of the caulk\\njoint. A broad range of colors is available, including hues that match most\\nplumbing fixtures. Water-based caulks can be also be painted.\\n\\nSilicone caulks. These products stay flexible at all temperatures, are\\ncompletely waterproof and adhere to a wide range of materials. They are\\nexcellent all-weather caulks that can also be used in wet indoor locations,\\nprimarily around tubs and shower stalls. However, because silicone is\\nexpensive and offers poor tear and abrasion resistance, it's not a good choice\\nin high-traffic areas. Except in water-based versions, this family of caulks\\nis unpaintable and difficult to tool. Among solvent-based silicones, caulks or\\nsealants labeled \\\"neutral cure\\\" or \\\"odorless\\\" are preferable because they\\ndon't give off any unpleasant odor as they cure. Plus, the acetic acid\\nproduced as \\\"smelly\\\" silicones cure can corrode certain metals and masonry\\nsurfaces.\\n\\nPolyurethane sealants. Just like polyurethane varnishes, this family of caulks\\nand sealants is superdurable. Abrasion and tear resistance are superior to\\nsilicone, and the caulk is highly adhesive, waterproof and flexible. Shrinkage\\nis minimal, and most polyurethane formulations can be painted or stained.\\nBecause it's expensive, this caulk should be used sparingly -- only where\\nstrength, durability and weather resistance are important. Tooling is messy\\nand difficult, and you need to clean up with solvent.\\n\\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\\n\\n## Techniques for caulking\\n\\nExisting caulk (especially silicone and poly) must be completely removed\\nbefore new caulk can go on. Use a sharp utility knife or a narrow chisel, and\\nbrush or vacuum out all loose debris. Rubbing alcohol removes soap scum on\\ntubs; a blow-dryer set on low will dry up damp joints.\\n\\nCaulking guns. There is a difference in caulking guns. Look for heavier-gauge\\nmetal, a built-in cutter for the tip of the tube and an integral steel pin for\\npuncturing the seal. Most pros prefer a solid-shaft gun that advances with a\\ncam over the notched-shaft type, citing more even pressure on the piston,\\nwhich results in a smoother bead. These guns cost $5 to $7 each.\\n\\nBut not all jobs call for a gun; there are two other types of dispensers that\\ncan make a job easier. For example, 5-oz. squeeze tubes are great for small,\\ninterior jobs. And 7-oz. pressurized cans let you lay down a uniform bead when\\nworking with only one hand, such as when caulking overhead.\\n\\nGetting ready. Before you open the tube, make sure the temperature and\\nconditions are right for application. \\\"When the weather turns cold, I take my\\ncaulk out of the truck and store it indoors,\\\"explains Jeff Younkin, a\\nremodeler based in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. \\\"Many caulks are difficult to work\\nin cold weather, so it makes sense to keep them warm as long as possible.\\\"The\\nworking temperature range of caulk varies by type; check the label.\\n\\nAnother important factor in application is how you cut the tip of the tube.\\nThe biggest mistake is cutting too far down, creating an opening that's too\\nbig. The opening should be slightly smaller than the bead you'll apply. Also,\\ncut the tube at an angle (up to 45 degrees); some pros use a nearly straight\\ncut, arguing this makes caulking into interior corners easier.\\n\\nIf the crack you're filling is deeper than 1/2 in., you must wedge flexible\\nbacker rod (available where caulk is sold) into the joint so the caulk is\\nlimited to a depth of 3/8 in. The ideal width for a bead is also less than 3/8\\nin. It's easy to ignore this step, but the price you'll pay later is an open\\ncaulk joint.\\n\\nLetting it flow. If you're not confident of your caulking skills and are\\nlaying down a bead that will show, consider applying masking tape to both\\nsides of the joint before caulking. Then remove the tape as soon as you've\\nfinished tooling. When caulking, keep the gun (or squeeze tube) moving so you\\nleave an even bead. You can either push or pull the tube, whichever is most\\ncomfortable for you. As you near the end of the joint, press the release lever\\non your gun (or withdraw the piston slightly) to stop the flow of caulk. When\\napplying a long bead, break it up into shorter sections. \\\"I often apply and\\ntool just several feet at a time,\\\"says Younkin. \\\"I get one section to look the\\nway I want and then move on to the next.\\\"\\n\\nTooling. Be extra cautious about overapplying silicone and polyurethane caulks\\nbecause these sealants are difficult to tool and messy. Tool butyl, silicone\\nand polyurethane caulks with a caulking tool or a plastic spoon. (Water-based\\ncaulks can be tooled with a moistened finger.) Standard-cure silicone is\\ntricky because it's very sticky and must be cleaned up quickly -- once cured,\\nsilicone yields only to a razor blade.\\n\\nFor smooth results with butyl and polyurethane, make sure to dip your spoon or\\ntool in solvent. Also have the proper cleanup gear handy: a moistened sponge\\nif you're using water-based caulk, or solvent and clean rags with other\\nsealants.\\n\\nThe replaceable tip that comes with some caulks can be used to seal a\\npartially used tube. But caulk will still harden in the tip. If you're lucky,\\nyour first few trigger squeezes will push the hard material free, but often it\\nrequires the help of a 16d nail or the purchase of a new tube.\\n\\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\\n\\n## The Four Basic Caulk Families\\n\\nRubber Caulks What the label say: Butyl or rubber caulk; asphalt filler; roof\\nor gutter sealant. Price: $2 to $3.50 Main uses: Sealing and repairing\\naluminum gutters; caulking aluminum flashing; filling cracks in asphalt;\\nsealing siding around doors and windows. Cleanup: mineral spirits or lacquer\\nthinner.\\n\\nLatex Caulks What the label say: Latex; acrylic; vinyl; siliconized acrylic\\ncaulk. Price: $1 to $5 Main uses: Utility caulking for nearly all interior and\\nsome exterior sealing. Cleanup: water.\\n\\nSilicone Caulks What the label say: Silicone; Silicone II^TM; 100 percent\\nsilicone sealant and caulk. Price: $4 to $7 Main uses: Sealing around tubs,\\nshower stalls and sinks; caulking exterior trim; repairing gutters; sealing or\\ncaulking against aluminum, glass and other nonporous materials. Cleanup:\\nmineral spirits.\\n\\nPolyurethane Sealants What the label say: Marine adhesive; polyurethane window\\nand siding caulk; polyurethane concrete/masonry sealant. Price: $3.50 to $7.50\\nMain uses: Sealing control joints in concrete; repairing cracked masonry;\\nexterior caulking around windows and doors; repairing cracked vinyl siding;\\nbridging gaps between porous and nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral\\nspirits.\\n\\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\\n\\n## Where to find it:\\n\\nADHESIVE AND SEALANT COUNCIL, INC 7979 Old Georgetown Road, Suite 500 Dept.\\nTH1299 Bethesda, MD, 20814 301-986-9700\\n\\nDAP Inc 855 N. Third St. Dept. TH1299 Tipp City, OH 45371 800/543-3840\\n\\nDow Corning Corp P. O. Box 994 Dept. TH1299 Midland, MI 48686-0994\\nwww.dowcorning.com 800/248-2481\\n\\nElmer's Products Inc. 180 E. Broad St. Dept. TH1299 Columbus, OH 43215\\nwww.elmers.com 888/435-6377\\n\\nFranklin International 2020 Bruck Street Dept. TH1299, Columbus, OH 43207\\nwww.franklini.com 800/669-4583\\n\\nGE Silicones Building 25 Dept. TH1299 260 Hudson River Rd. Waterford, NY 12188\\nwww.GESealants.com 800/332-3390\\n\\nGeocel Corp. 53280 Marina Drive Dept. TH1299 Elkhart, IN 46514 800/348-7615\\n\\nOSI Sealants, Inc. 7405 Production Drive Mentor, OH, 44060 www.osisealants.com\\n800/624-7767\\n\\nRed Devil, Inc 2400 Vauxhall Rd. Dept. TH1299 Union, NJ 07083 www.reddevil.com\\n800/423-3845\\n\\n#### OTHER VIDEOS\\n\\n##### BONUS: Jimmy DiResta Started in a Sign Shop\\n\\n#### More in Workshops\\n\\nIn this how-to video, This Old House host Kevin O'Connor reveals tub-\\nrefinishing techniques\\n\\n## How to Refinish a Cast-Iron Tub\\n\\n#### More From TOH\\n\\n## Summer Upkeep\\n\\n## TOH IS BACK! Check Local Listings to Find TOH TV Near You!\\n\\n## Get Ready for 4th of July Weekend\\n\\n## All the Ways to Watch TOH TV and Ask TOH TV\\n\\n## Learn How YOU Can Become a TOH Insider!\\n\\n#### Sponsored Stories\\n\\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\\ndirect to your inbox.\\n\\n#### TV Listings\\n\\nFind TV listings for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\\n\\nCustomer Service\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n * TV FAQ\\n * Site Map\\n * Archive\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\n * Our Company\\n * Our TV Partners\\n * Advertise\\n * Press Room\\n * Careers\\n\\nContests & Deals\\n\\n * INSIDER Deals & Discounts\\n\\nSubscriber Services\\n\\n * Give as Gift\\n * Magazine Renewal\\n * Customer Service: 877-360-7546\\n\\nStep by Step Projects Tips from the Pros Affordable Remodels\\n\\nSubscribe!\\n\\n * Newsletters\\n\\nFollow This Old House:\\n\\n * twitter\\n * facebook\\n * pintrest\\n * youtube\\n * instagram\\n * tumblr\\n\\nCopyright © 2019 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\\n\\n * Terms and Conditions\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127005758/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Caulk a Shower or Tub (DIYer's Guide)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\",\n \"There’s nothing quite like a steamy shower to rejuvenate your mind, body, and spirit after a good night’s sleep or a long, hard day. But when the caulk around your enclosure begins to crack and crumble, it’s not you that needs reviving—it’s your shower. Replacing the caulk around your tub, tiles, shower door, and drain is a relatively simple do-it-yourself fix that takes only a few hours from start to finish. Read on to learn how to caulk a shower and create a good, tight seal.\",\n \"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\",\n \"A quality caulking job begins with a quality product. There are two primary types of caulk you can choose from: silicone and latex. While silicone forms the stronger seal, latex is easier to work with, especially if you’re a beginner. Many DIYers compromise by choosing a sealant like DAP Kwik Seal Plus (view on Amazon), which employs both silicone and latex in its formulation, delivering the best of both worlds.\",\n \"Important: Before purchasing caulk for your project, double-check the label to make sure that the product has been designated for use in kitchens and baths. These formulas contain special inhibitors that protect against mold and mildew—a quality that’s certainly necessary when you set out to caulk a shower.\",\n \"Before you apply the new caulk, be sure to remove any leftovers from the last job, otherwise your fresh bead won’t bond well. Using a utility knife or oscillating tool, cut through the strips of old caulk. Scrape off as much as possible, and then apply a specialized remover to any stubborn spots. If you discover any mold in your path, eradicate it with a commercial cleaner or a homemade solution of one part bleach to two parts water. Once the old caulk has been removed, wipe down the area and allow it to dry thoroughly before moving on; caulk won’t adhere to a wet surface.\",\n \"While you can apply caulk by simply squeezing it out from the tube, it’s best to invest in a quality caulk gun. This will let you better manage the flow and will, as a result, produce more accurate results. Since these are relatively unsophisticated tools, even the industry’s best typically don’t cost much. For example, many pros who caulk for a living swear by Cox caulk guns (view example on Amazon)—a durable, high-performance tool that typically retails for under $30.\",\n \"With any caulk gun worth its salt, however, you get a sturdy plunging mechanism that allows for precise and even distribution of caulk, and you get a pressure release that lets you quickly pause or stop application. When loading your chosen caulk gun, just remember not cut off too much of the tip from the caulk tube. A wide opening will yield a thick bead, which may lead to sloppy results. Cut the tip just above the indentation point that is usually marked on the tube.\",\n \"Painter’s tape makes a great guide to ensure a clean bead. Use long strips of tape to mask off the surface on either side of the line where you’ll be applying your bead of caulk, whether that’s along the wall, shower door, or tub. To start the bead, apply pressure to the caulk gun or tube and either pull the gun away from your starting point or, holding the gun at a 90-degree angle, push the caulk in a forward motion. There is no true right or wrong technique, so choose the approach that works best for you and proceed accordingly.\",\n \"Once the gap is full, wet your finger and wipe along the line to remove the excess caulk and create a smooth, rounded bead. Peel off the painter’s tape while the caulk is still wet, and then continue on to the next section to be caulked.\",\n \"When you’re done, allow the caulk to cure for at least 24 hours before retuning to regular use of the shower. A thorough caulking job should last at least a year—which means you have around 365 more chances to belt out your favorite show tune before you’ll have to repeat the process and caulk the shower again.\",\n \"Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Caulk a Shower or Tub (DIYer's Guide) - Bob Vila\\n\\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\\n\\nAbout Bob\\n\\nNewsletters\\n\\n * How-To Center\\n * Get Ideas\\n * Find Info\\n * Discuss It\\n * Watch TV\\n * Win Laser Tools from Kapro!\\n\\n * How To's & Quick Tips\\n\\n# How To: Caulk a Shower or Tub\\n\\n## Keep your shower watertight and mildew-free by using the following steps to\\nrefresh the caulk in your enclosure.\\n\\nBy Jill Lawrence O'Hara and Bob Vila\\n\\nPhoto: fotosearch.com\\n\\nThere’s nothing quite like a steamy shower to rejuvenate your mind, body, and\\nspirit after a good night’s sleep or a long, hard day. But when the caulk\\naround your enclosure begins to crack and crumble, it’s not you that needs\\nreviving—it’s your shower. Replacing the caulk around your tub, tiles, shower\\ndoor, and drain is a relatively simple do-it-yourself fix that takes only a\\nfew hours from start to finish. Read on to learn how to caulk a shower and\\ncreate a good, tight seal.\\n\\nThe straightforward process follows these steps:\\n\\n 1. Remove any old strips of caulk in the shower.\\n 2. Use painter’s tape create a guide for the new caulk line.\\n 3. Apply either silicone or latex caulk with a caulk gun, or squeeze the product straight from the tube.\\n 4. Wipe along the caulk line with a wet finger to remove any excess.\\n 5. Last but not least, let the caulk cure for 24 hours.\\n\\nTools & Materials\\n\\n * Bathroom caulk\\n * Utility knife\\n * Commercial caulk remover\\n * Commercial mold cleaner\\n * Caulking gun\\n * Painter's tape\\n\\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\\n\\nPhoto: fotosearch.com\\n\\n## Step 1\\n\\nA quality caulking job begins with a quality product. There are two primary\\ntypes of caulk you can choose from: silicone and latex. While silicone forms\\nthe stronger seal, latex is easier to work with, especially if you’re a\\nbeginner. Many DIYers compromise by choosing a sealant like DAP Kwik Seal Plus\\n(view on Amazon), which employs both silicone and latex in its formulation,\\ndelivering the best of both worlds.\\n\\nImportant: Before purchasing caulk for your project, double-check the label to\\nmake sure that the product has been designated for use in kitchens and baths.\\nThese formulas contain special inhibitors that protect against mold and\\nmildew—a quality that’s certainly necessary when you set out to caulk a\\nshower.\\n\\n## Step 2\\n\\nBefore you apply the new caulk, be sure to remove any leftovers from the last\\njob, otherwise your fresh bead won’t bond well. Using a utility knife or\\noscillating tool, cut through the strips of old caulk. Scrape off as much as\\npossible, and then apply a specialized remover to any stubborn spots. If you\\ndiscover any mold in your path, eradicate it with a commercial cleaner or a\\nhomemade solution of one part bleach to two parts water. Once the old caulk\\nhas been removed, wipe down the area and allow it to dry thoroughly before\\nmoving on; caulk won’t adhere to a wet surface.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Step 3\\n\\nWhile you can apply caulk by simply squeezing it out from the tube, it’s best\\nto invest in a quality caulk gun. This will let you better manage the flow and\\nwill, as a result, produce more accurate results. Since these are relatively\\nunsophisticated tools, even the industry’s best typically don’t cost much. For\\nexample, many pros who caulk for a living swear by Cox caulk guns (view\\nexample on Amazon)—a durable, high-performance tool that typically retails for\\nunder $30.\\n\\nWith any caulk gun worth its salt, however, you get a sturdy plunging\\nmechanism that allows for precise and even distribution of caulk, and you get\\na pressure release that lets you quickly pause or stop application. When\\nloading your chosen caulk gun, just remember not cut off too much of the tip\\nfrom the caulk tube. A wide opening will yield a thick bead, which may lead to\\nsloppy results. Cut the tip just above the indentation point that is usually\\nmarked on the tube.\\n\\n## Step 4\\n\\nPainter’s tape makes a great guide to ensure a clean bead. Use long strips of\\ntape to mask off the surface on either side of the line where you’ll be\\napplying your bead of caulk, whether that’s along the wall, shower door, or\\ntub. To start the bead, apply pressure to the caulk gun or tube and either\\npull the gun away from your starting point or, holding the gun at a 90-degree\\nangle, push the caulk in a forward motion. There is no true right or wrong\\ntechnique, so choose the approach that works best for you and proceed\\naccordingly.\\n\\n## Step 5\\n\\nOnce the gap is full, wet your finger and wipe along the line to remove the\\nexcess caulk and create a smooth, rounded bead. Peel off the painter’s tape\\nwhile the caulk is still wet, and then continue on to the next section to be\\ncaulked.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Step 6\\n\\nWhen you’re done, allow the caulk to cure for at least 24 hours before\\nretuning to regular use of the shower. A thorough caulking job should last at\\nleast a year—which means you have around 365 more chances to belt out your\\nfavorite show tune before you’ll have to repeat the process and caulk the\\nshower again.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\\n\\nTAGS:\\n\\nHOW TO\\n\\nBATHROOM\\n\\nMore From Bob Vila\\n\\n10 Easy Ways to Find $20 (or More!) Around the House\\n\\nHow To: Remove a Bathtub\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nThe Dos and Don'ts of Air-Drying Everything You Own\\n\\n5 Ways to Prevent Cracks in Concrete—and 1 Easy Fix\\n\\nMake Your Home Less Chaotic With These 12 Simple Changes\\n\\n11 Easy-to-Grow Vegetable Varieties for Fall\\n\\n10 Steps to Paradise in Your Own Backyard\\n\\n * Carpet in Bathroom\\n * Best Tankless Water Heater\\n * Bathroom Fan Size\\n * Best High-Pressure Shower Head\\n * Best Shower Faucet\\n * Bathtub Size\\n * Doorless Showers\\n\\n * About Bob\\n * Newsletters\\n * Contact\\n * Advertising\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Info\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 Acton Media Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190214120128/https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub — The Family Handyman\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Sooner or later, mold always shows up in bathroom caulking. This article explains how to clean the old caulk out and then recaulk around a shower or tub.\",\n \"Anybody can caulk a shower or tub. All you need is a tube of caulk and a caulking gun. But if you don’t prep the surfaces properly, the caulk won’t last long. And if you’re sloppy, the messy caulk job will ruin the look of even the most beautiful tile job. We talked to a few experts to learn how they get such smooth, clean-looking caulk lines, and we’ll show you their technique. And we’ll show you the best way how to remove mold from shower caulking and prep the surface to get a long-lasting caulk job. Finally, we’ll give you a heads-up on how to avoid the most common caulking mistakes.\",\n \"You can remove the old caulk, prep the surface, and recaulk a tub or shower in about four hours (including drying time). You’ll need a razor scraper and single-edge razor blades, caulk remover, mineral spirits, paper towels, a utility knife, a caulk gun, and kitchen and bath caulk. An oscillating tool with a flexible scraper blade really speeds up the job of removing old caulk, but you can do the job without it. Here’s how to start.\",\n \"Tubs and showers require a special caulk that contains mold and mildew prevention additives. The tubes are usually labeled “for kitchen and bath use.” Most are 100 percent silicone, but you can also find some latex versions. Latex caulk is easier to tool and cleans up with soap and water. If this is your first time applying caulk, latex may be your best option. Silicone is more challenging to tool and requires mineral spirits for cleanup. However, silicone lasts longer than latex and stays flexible over its life. But it’s harder to remove when it’s time to recaulk. Both types can develop mold and mildew once the additives wear out.\",\n \"Most home centers and hardware stores stock only three kitchen and bath caulk colors: white, almond and clear. However, ask a salesclerk whether you can special-order a custom color. And check out a paint or hardware store. Some can custom-mix colors right in the store. Most tile stores will carry a full range of colors.\",\n \"A high-quality caulk gun can make a difference in your caulk job. It has a sturdier plunger mechanism to provide a smooth, even flow and a pressure release to stop the flow quickly. High-quality caulk guns cost a bit more (about $15), but they’re worth it. Economy guns usually have a ratchet action or a sloppy friction mechanism that pushes the caulk out in bursts, so you apply too much in some areas and too little in others.\",\n \"Slice through the caulk along the walls with a utility knife or with an oscillating tool equipped with a flexible scraper blade. Then use your knife or tool to scrape along the tub or shower floor.\",\n \"Squirt caulk remover on all the remaining caulk and let it do the hard work. Then scrape off all the old caulk with a razor scraper. Wipe with a rag.\",\n \"You can’t apply new caulk on top of the old and expect it to last. So the old caulk has to go. If the old caulk was silicone, you have to devote extra effort to remove all traces of it before applying new caulk. Start by slicing through the old caulk with a utility knife or an oscillating tool (Photo 1). Then scrape off as much old caulk as possible. Next, apply caulk remover to break the adhesive bond and make it easier to scrape off (Photo 2).\",\n \"Once the old caulk is gone, remove any loose grout between the walls and the tub or shower floor. Treat any mold in the grout along the wall/tub gap with a mold-killing product. Scrub the grout and then rinse off the mold killer with water and let it dry (use a hair dryer to speed the drying). Clean the surfaces one last time with mineral spirits. Let dry.\",\n \"Mask the wall corner gaps first. Then apply tape to the walls above the tub or shower floor. Finish by applying tape to the tub or shower floor.\",\n \"Some pros scoff at the idea of using masking tape. But they caulk every day and can lay down a caulk bead with their eyes closed. For DIYers, we recommend masking the gap. It takes a bit more time, but you’ll get much better results than caulking freehand. Start by finding the largest gap between the tub/shower and the walls. That gap dictates how far apart you must space the two rows of tape. Then apply the masking tape (Photo 3). If you have a fiberglass or composite tub, you should fill it before you caulk.\",\n \"Buying the wrong caulk. Always use kitchen and bath caulk in a tub or shower. It contains mold and mildew inhibitors that are not present in other types of caulk.\",\n \"Caulking on top of old caulk. New caulk doesn’t bond well to old caulk, especially if the old caulk contains silicone. Just like with painting, better surface prep provides better results.\",\n \"Not removing mold on grout near the caulk areas. Grout is porous, and any mold present in the grout above the caulk line will eventually spread down into the new caulk area and destroy the bond.\",\n \"Cutting the nozzle larger than the gap you’re filling. A larger opening applies too much product, making it harder to tool and clean up.\",\n \"Cut the nozzle tip to match the gap width. Hold the gun at a 90-degree angle to the gap and push a bead of caulk slightly ahead of the nozzle as you push the gun forward and continue applying pressure. Apply only enough caulk to fill the gap.\",\n \"There are two schools of thought when it comes to tip angle and whether to pull or push the caulk. Our experts prefer cutting the caulk tube nozzle at a blunt 20-degree angle, instead of 45 degrees. And they hold the gun at a 90-degree angle to the gap while pushing a small bead ahead of the tip (Photo 4). That way, they can complete the entire bead in one pass. Plus, the gun pressure forces the caulk deeper into the gap for better holding power and sealing.\",\n \"If you cut the tip at a 45-degree angle and pull the gun away from the starting corner, your gun will always run into the opposite corner, forcing you to flip it 180 degrees and start the bead again. That creates a blob where the two beads meet, making tooling more difficult. Plus, pulling the gun tends to apply a surface bead that doesn’t penetrate as far into the gap.\",\n \"Whichever tip angle you choose, always cut the tip with a sharp utility knife rather than the cheesy guillotine mechanism built into some caulk guns. Remove any burrs with a utility knife or sandpaper before caulking—the burrs will create grooves in the caulk lines.\",\n \"Wet your finger with water and start at an outer corner. Wipe your finger across the caulk to create a rounded bead and remove excess caulk from the gap.\",\n \"Lift a corner of the tape along the tub and pull it off at a steep angle while the caulk is still wet. Then remove the tape along the wall. Remove the tape from the wall corners last.\",\n \"You can find all kinds of caulk-shaping tools at home centers. But if you take our advice and tape off the wall, you won’t need any shaping tools. Just use your index finger to tool the caulk (Photo 5). After tooling, remove the masking tape while the caulk is still wet (Photo 6). Let the caulk cure for the recommended time before using the tub or shower.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub — The Family Handyman\\n\\nSkip links\\n\\n * Skip to content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n * Skip to footer\\n\\n * How To & Repair\\n\\n * Appliance Repair\\n\\n * Dishwasher Repair\\n * Refrigerator Repair\\n * Stove Repair\\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\\n * Automotive\\n\\n * Car Brakes\\n * Car Maintenance\\n * Car Window Repair\\n * DIY Car Paint\\n * DIY Oil Change\\n * Lawn Mower Repair\\n * Carpentry\\n\\n * Trim Carpentry\\n * Doors\\n\\n * Door Installation\\n * Door Repair\\n * Garage Door Repair\\n * Screen Door Repair\\n * Drywall\\n\\n * Ceiling Texture\\n * Cutting Drywall\\n * Drywall Installation\\n * Drywall Repair\\n * Drywall Taping\\n * Electrical\\n\\n * Breaker Box\\n * Electrical Repair\\n * Electrical Wiring\\n * Fluorescent Lighting\\n * Home Lighting\\n * Wiring Outlets\\n * Wiring Switches\\n * Floors\\n\\n * Carpet Repair\\n * Floor Repair\\n * Hardwood Floors\\n * Vinyl Flooring\\n * Wood Floor Installation\\n * Heating & Cooling\\n\\n * Air Conditioner Repair\\n * Furnace Repair\\n * Painting\\n\\n * Painting Techniques\\n * Painting Tips\\n * Parts of the House\\n\\n * Ceiling\\n * Masonry\\n\\n * Concrete Repair\\n * Pouring Concrete\\n * Roof\\n\\n * Gutter Repair\\n * Roof Repair\\n * Siding\\n * Tiling\\n\\n * Grouting\\n * Tile Installation\\n * Walls\\n * Windows\\n\\n * Window Repair\\n * Pest Control\\n * Plumbing\\n\\n * Drain Repair\\n * Faucet Repair\\n * Plumbing Repair\\n * Plumbing Valves\\n * Toilet Repair\\n * Water Heater\\n * Water Softener\\n * Storage & Organization\\n\\n * Cleaning\\n\\n * Mold & Mildew\\n * Tools\\n\\n * Air Tools\\n * Automotive Tools\\n * Circular Saws\\n * Drills\\n * Miter Saws\\n * Painting Tools\\n * Power Tools\\n * Routers\\n * Saws\\n * Table Saws\\n * Tool Storage\\n * Woodworking Tools\\n * Woodworking\\n\\n * Bookcase\\n * Building Shelves\\n * Furniture Repair\\n * Staining Wood\\n * Wood Joints\\n * Woodworking Projects\\n * Woodworking Tips\\n * Rooms\\n\\n * Attic\\n * Basement\\n * Bathroom\\n\\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\\n * Bathroom Remodeling\\n * Shower Installation\\n * Bedroom\\n * Closet\\n * Garage\\n\\n * Garage Storage\\n * Home Office\\n * Kitchen\\n\\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\\n * Kitchen Countertops\\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\\n * Kitchen Storage\\n * Workshop\\n\\n * Workbenches\\n * Workshop Storage\\n * Outdoor\\n\\n * Decks\\n\\n * Building a Deck\\n * Deck Designs\\n * Deck Railing\\n * Garden\\n * Garden Structures\\n\\n * Fences\\n * Garden Paths\\n * Grills\\n * Landscaping\\n\\n * Backyard Ponds\\n * Backyard Waterfalls\\n * Lawn Care\\n * Outdoor Fountains\\n * Planter Boxes\\n * Retaining Wall\\n * Patio\\n * Sheds\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n\\n * DIY Home Improvement\\n * DIY Advice\\n * Great Goofs\\n * Home Safety Tips\\n * Home Security\\n * Ways to Save Money\\n * See All Smart Homeowner\\n * Stuff We Love\\n * Videos\\n * DIY University\\n * Giveaways\\n\\n * Tool Set Sweepstakes\\n * Subscribe\\n\\n * Magazine Subscription\\n * Newsletters\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * Promotions\\n * Tip App\\n\\nHome\\n\\n * Organizing\\n * Electrical\\n * DIY University\\n * Videos\\n * Win a Tool Set\\n\\nCheck out 100 super-simple car repairs you don't need to go to the shop for›\\n\\n#### Bathroom Remodeling\\n\\n# How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub\\n\\n## Make your bathroom look fresh and new again. Read on to learn how to caulk\\na shower or tub.\\n\\nNext Project›\\n\\nSooner or later, mold always shows up in bathroom caulking. This article\\nexplains how to clean the old caulk out and then recaulk around a shower or\\ntub.\\n\\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\\n\\nYou might also like: TBD\\n\\n## Recaulking basics\\n\\nAnybody can caulk a shower or tub. All you need is a tube of caulk and a\\ncaulking gun. But if you don’t prep the surfaces properly, the caulk won’t\\nlast long. And if you’re sloppy, the messy caulk job will ruin the look of\\neven the most beautiful tile job. We talked to a few experts to learn how they\\nget such smooth, clean-looking caulk lines, and we’ll show you their\\ntechnique. And we’ll show you the best way how to remove mold from shower\\ncaulking and prep the surface to get a long-lasting caulk job. Finally, we’ll\\ngive you a heads-up on how to avoid the most common caulking mistakes.\\n\\nYou can remove the old caulk, prep the surface, and recaulk a tub or shower in\\nabout four hours (including drying time). You’ll need a razor scraper and\\nsingle-edge razor blades, caulk remover, mineral spirits, paper towels, a\\nutility knife, a caulk gun, and kitchen and bath caulk. An oscillating tool\\nwith a flexible scraper blade really speeds up the job of removing old caulk,\\nbut you can do the job without it. Here’s how to start.\\n\\n## Buy the right caulk and a quality caulk gun\\n\\nTubs and showers require a special caulk that contains mold and mildew\\nprevention additives. The tubes are usually labeled “for kitchen and bath\\nuse.” Most are 100 percent silicone, but you can also find some latex\\nversions. Latex caulk is easier to tool and cleans up with soap and water. If\\nthis is your first time applying caulk, latex may be your best option.\\nSilicone is more challenging to tool and requires mineral spirits for cleanup.\\nHowever, silicone lasts longer than latex and stays flexible over its life.\\nBut it’s harder to remove when it’s time to recaulk. Both types can develop\\nmold and mildew once the additives wear out.\\n\\nMost home centers and hardware stores stock only three kitchen and bath caulk\\ncolors: white, almond and clear. However, ask a salesclerk whether you can\\nspecial-order a custom color. And check out a paint or hardware store. Some\\ncan custom-mix colors right in the store. Most tile stores will carry a full\\nrange of colors.\\n\\nA high-quality caulk gun can make a difference in your caulk job. It has a\\nsturdier plunger mechanism to provide a smooth, even flow and a pressure\\nrelease to stop the flow quickly. High-quality caulk guns cost a bit more\\n(about $15), but they’re worth it. Economy guns usually have a ratchet action\\nor a sloppy friction mechanism that pushes the caulk out in bursts, so you\\napply too much in some areas and too little in others.\\n\\n## Preparation: Remove the old caulk\\n\\n### Photo 1: Cut and peel the old caulk\\n\\nSlice through the caulk along the walls with a utility knife or with an\\noscillating tool equipped with a flexible scraper blade. Then use your knife\\nor tool to scrape along the tub or shower floor.\\n\\n### Photo 2: Loosen and remove the remaining caulk.\\n\\nSquirt caulk remover on all the remaining caulk and let it do the hard work.\\nThen scrape off all the old caulk with a razor scraper. Wipe with a rag.\\n\\nYou can’t apply new caulk on top of the old and expect it to last. So the old\\ncaulk has to go. If the old caulk was silicone, you have to devote extra\\neffort to remove all traces of it before applying new caulk. Start by slicing\\nthrough the old caulk with a utility knife or an oscillating tool (Photo 1).\\nThen scrape off as much old caulk as possible. Next, apply caulk remover to\\nbreak the adhesive bond and make it easier to scrape off (Photo 2).\\n\\nOnce the old caulk is gone, remove any loose grout between the walls and the\\ntub or shower floor. Treat any mold in the grout along the wall/tub gap with a\\nmold-killing product. Scrub the grout and then rinse off the mold killer with\\nwater and let it dry (use a hair dryer to speed the drying). Clean the\\nsurfaces one last time with mineral spirits. Let dry.\\n\\n## How to Caulk a Shower or Tub: Mask the gap\\n\\n### Photo 3: Mask the gap\\n\\nMask the wall corner gaps first. Then apply tape to the walls above the tub or\\nshower floor. Finish by applying tape to the tub or shower floor.\\n\\nSome pros scoff at the idea of using masking tape. But they caulk every day\\nand can lay down a caulk bead with their eyes closed. For DIYers, we recommend\\nmasking the gap. It takes a bit more time, but you’ll get much better results\\nthan caulking freehand. Start by finding the largest gap between the\\ntub/shower and the walls. That gap dictates how far apart you must space the\\ntwo rows of tape. Then apply the masking tape (Photo 3). If you have a\\nfiberglass or composite tub, you should fill it before you caulk.\\n\\n### Avoid These Caulking Mistakes\\n\\n * Buying the wrong caulk. Always use kitchen and bath caulk in a tub or shower. It contains mold and mildew inhibitors that are not present in other types of caulk.\\n * Caulking on top of old caulk. New caulk doesn’t bond well to old caulk, especially if the old caulk contains silicone. Just like with painting, better surface prep provides better results.\\n * Not removing mold on grout near the caulk areas. Grout is porous, and any mold present in the grout above the caulk line will eventually spread down into the new caulk area and destroy the bond.\\n * Cutting the nozzle larger than the gap you’re filling. A larger opening applies too much product, making it harder to tool and clean up.\\n\\n## How to Caulk: Apply the caulk bead\\n\\n### Photo 4: Cut, push and apply\\n\\nCut the nozzle tip to match the gap width. Hold the gun at a 90-degree angle\\nto the gap and push a bead of caulk slightly ahead of the nozzle as you push\\nthe gun forward and continue applying pressure. Apply only enough caulk to\\nfill the gap.\\n\\nThere are two schools of thought when it comes to tip angle and whether to\\npull or push the caulk. Our experts prefer cutting the caulk tube nozzle at a\\nblunt 20-degree angle, instead of 45 degrees. And they hold the gun at a\\n90-degree angle to the gap while pushing a small bead ahead of the tip (Photo\\n4). That way, they can complete the entire bead in one pass. Plus, the gun\\npressure forces the caulk deeper into the gap for better holding power and\\nsealing.\\n\\nIf you cut the tip at a 45-degree angle and pull the gun away from the\\nstarting corner, your gun will always run into the opposite corner, forcing\\nyou to flip it 180 degrees and start the bead again. That creates a blob where\\nthe two beads meet, making tooling more difficult. Plus, pulling the gun tends\\nto apply a surface bead that doesn’t penetrate as far into the gap.\\n\\nWhichever tip angle you choose, always cut the tip with a sharp utility knife\\nrather than the cheesy guillotine mechanism built into some caulk guns. Remove\\nany burrs with a utility knife or sandpaper before caulking—the burrs will\\ncreate grooves in the caulk lines.\\n\\n## How to Caulk: Shape the bead and remove the tape\\n\\n### Photo 5: Tool with your finger\\n\\nWet your finger with water and start at an outer corner. Wipe your finger\\nacross the caulk to create a rounded bead and remove excess caulk from the\\ngap.\\n\\n### Photo 6: Peel off the tape\\n\\nLift a corner of the tape along the tub and pull it off at a steep angle while\\nthe caulk is still wet. Then remove the tape along the wall. Remove the tape\\nfrom the wall corners last.\\n\\nYou can find all kinds of caulk-shaping tools at home centers. But if you take\\nour advice and tape off the wall, you won’t need any shaping tools. Just use\\nyour index finger to tool the caulk (Photo 5). After tooling, remove the\\nmasking tape while the caulk is still wet (Photo 6). Let the caulk cure for\\nthe recommended time before using the tub or shower.\\n\\n## Required Tools for this Project\\n\\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\\nsave time and frustration.\\n\\n * Caulk gun\\n * Putty knife\\n * Rags\\n * Utility knife\\n\\nYou’ll also need a razor scraper, single-edge razor blades and an oscillating\\ntool.\\n\\n## Required Materials for this Project\\n\\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\\ntime. Here’s a list.\\n\\n * Bath and kitchen caulk\\n * Caulk remover\\n * Masking tape\\n * Mineral spirits\\n * Paper towels\\n\\n## Similar Projects\\n\\nHow to Plumb a Basement Bathroom\\n\\nHow to Install Natural Stone Tile\\n\\nBump-Out Addition\\n\\nHow to Install a Whirlpool Tub\\n\\nHow to Remodel a Small Bathroom\\n\\nTile Layout for Tubs and Showers\\n\\nHow to Buy a New Bathtub and Surround\\n\\nElegant Small Bathroom\\n\\nOne Weekend Bathroom Remodel\\n\\nVenting Exhaust Fans Through the Roof\\n\\nHow to Install a Bathtub: Install an Acrylic Tub and Tub Surround\\n\\nBathroom Makeover on a Budget\\n\\nHow to Remodel Your Bathroom Without Destroying It\\n\\nInstalling a Bathroom Sink: Wall-Hung Sink\\n\\n16 Cheap Bathroom Updates with Wow Factor\\n\\nReader Project: 1960’s Bathroom Remodel\\n\\nRenovate a 1950s Bathroom\\n\\nA Small Bathroom That Feels Big\\n\\nRemodel a Bathroom with Marble Mosaic and Limestone Tile\\n\\nOriginally Published on sitename.com\\n\\n## Popular How-To Videos\\n\\n## Reader Interactions\\n\\n##### Read Next\\n\\nHow to Plumb a Basement Bathroom\\n\\nHow to Install Natural Stone Tile\\n\\nBump-Out Addition\\n\\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\\n\\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\\n\\nDIY projects to your inbox\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Magazine\\n * Electrical\\n\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n * Garage\\n * Outdoors\\n\\nDIY projects to your inbox\\n\\nOur Brands\\n\\n * Reader’s Digest\\n * Taste of Home\\n * Birds & Blooms\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Advertise with Us\\n * Customer Care\\n * Content Submission\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\\n * OneMain Financial Services\\n * Terms of Use\\n * About Ads\\n\\n© 2019 Home Service Publications, Inc.\\n\\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\\n\\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\\n\\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190723230026/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Remove Old Caulk & Recaulk a Bathtub\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"You've seen the ominous signs of aging caulk. First it was the brown tinge along the edges. Now its smooth and supple skin has turned brittle and cracked, opening the way for stubborn colonies of mildew to take hold, or for water to seep through and turn wallboard and framing mushy. Whether it's around your sink, between a tub and its tile surround, or covering the joints of your shower stall - it has got to go.\",\n \"Fortunately, caulk is cheap, and applying it isn't difficult. All you need is an hour, a few common tools, and materials easily found at any hardware store. But as easy as it is, you still have to do it right, or you'll be caulking again next year, says This Old House general contractor Tom Silva. \\\"The key is to completely remove the old caulk, including the residue you can't see,\\\" he says. \\\"You've got to start fresh with a clean, smooth, dry surface.\\\"\",\n \"Follow Tom's steps to remove old caulk and recaulk a bathtub below. \\\"You should get five to ten years out of that seal, easy,\\\" he says.\",\n \"Richard Trehewey shows you how to figure out where a leak is coming from, how to fix it and how to properly caulk around a tub\",\n \"The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\",\n \"(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.\",\n \"(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.\",\n \"The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\",\n \"(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.\",\n \"(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.\",\n \"For this job, Tom sliced away the old acrylic latex caulk with quick, sharp strokes of a 5-in-1 painter's tool and a razor scraper. You can also use a utility knife to remove old caulking. (Note: Metal blades can scratch plastic sinks, tubs, and surrounds; use a plastic razor blade instead. Caulk removers also harm plastic.)\",\n \"A dry, nonabrasive pad scours away every trace of caulk residue. (Clean up after silicone with a pad soaked in mineral spirits. But to avoid scratching plastic fixtures, use a soft rag dampened with mineral spirits, not a scouring pad.) Wipe a damp cotton rag over the joint to remove the caulk dust and prepare the surface for the new caulk. Thoroughly dry the area with paper towels, a dry rag, or a hair dryer.\",\n \"Lay parallel strips of blue painter's tape, about 3⁄8 inch apart, to keep the bead straight, uniform, and off surfaces where it shouldn't be.\",\n \"Point the nozzle hole toward the joint; hold the gun equidistant from the surfaces on either side of the joint and about 45 degrees out from it. Then apply steady pressure to the trigger as you move the gun smoothly along the entire length of the seam. Whether you push or pull the gun is a matter of personal preference. Either way, keep the caulk gun moving at a steady speed matched to the rate that caulk is flowing out of the nozzle. Too fast, and the bead will be too thin, with bubbles or breaks in the seal; too slow, and you'll waste material and spend more time cleaning up.\",\n \"Tip: Trim the nozzle at a 45-degree angle near the tip. The hole in the nozzle should be just big enough to fill the joint, roughly 3⁄16 inch.\",\n \"As soon as the seams are filled, dampen a lint-free rag or paper towel and press it into the joint with your finger. Pull it along the joint in one continuous motion to shape the fresh caulk into a concave bead. Immediately remove the tape, one strip at a time, taking care not to let it touch any of the fresh caulk. Then go back and smooth the bead again to eliminate the tiny ridges left by the tape. Wait at least 24 hours for the caulk to cure before using the shower or bath.\",\n \"15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel construction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\",\n \"15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel construction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Remove Old Caulk & Recaulk a Bathtub | This Old House\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n##### Sign up today for our FREE email newsletters and get helpful tips\\ndelivered to your email inbox\\n\\nX\\n\\nTrending: Summer Upkeep | 40th-Anniversary Countdown | Pro2Pro | Check TOH TV\\nListings | DIY Smarts\\n\\nHome>How To | More in Tubs\\n\\n# How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\nTake aim at old, cruddy caulk, and give your tub a fresh new seal\\n\\nBy Jason Carpenter of This Old House magazine\\n\\nPhoto by David Carmack\\n\\n1 hour\\n\\nEstimated Time\\n\\n12345\\n\\nSkill: Easy to moderate\\n\\nJust do the job neatly and carefully for long-lasting success\\n\\nQuick Links: Required Tools|Shopping List\\n\\nYou've seen the ominous signs of aging caulk. First it was the brown tinge\\nalong the edges. Now its smooth and supple skin has turned brittle and\\ncracked, opening the way for stubborn colonies of mildew to take hold, or for\\nwater to seep through and turn wallboard and framing mushy. Whether it's\\naround your sink, between a tub and its tile surround, or covering the joints\\nof your shower stall - it has got to go.\\n\\nFortunately, caulk is cheap, and applying it isn't difficult. All you need is\\nan hour, a few common tools, and materials easily found at any hardware store.\\nBut as easy as it is, you still have to do it right, or you'll be caulking\\nagain next year, says This Old House general contractor Tom Silva. \\\"The key is\\nto completely remove the old caulk, including the residue you can't see,\\\" he\\nsays. \\\"You've got to start fresh with a clean, smooth, dry surface.\\\"\\n\\nFollow Tom's steps to remove old caulk and recaulk a bathtub below. \\\"You\\nshould get five to ten years out of that seal, easy,\\\" he says.\\n\\n#### OTHER VIDEOS\\n\\n##### How to detect, fix and caulk a tub leak\\n\\nRichard Trehewey shows you how to figure out where a leak is coming from, how\\nto fix it and how to properly caulk around a tub\\n\\nStep One // How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Caulking Points\\n\\nPhoto by David Carmack\\n\\nCaulking Points\\n\\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\\n\\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\\nresidue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\\nThat's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\\nclear, white, and almond.\\n\\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to.\\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any\\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\\nsink and tub glazes.\\n\\nWant to hire a pro for this project?\\n\\nThis Old House has partnered with HomeAdvisor to connect you with trusted home\\nimprovement pros!\\n\\nSteps // How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n1 ×\\n\\n#### Caulking Points\\n\\nStep One // How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Caulking Points\\n\\nPhoto by David Carmack\\n\\nCaulking Points\\n\\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\\n\\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\\nresidue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\\nThat's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\\nclear, white, and almond.\\n\\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to.\\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any\\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\\nsink and tub glazes.\\n\\n2 ×\\n\\n#### Remove Existing Caulk\\n\\nStep Two // How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Remove Existing Caulk\\n\\nPhoto by David Carmack\\n\\nFor this job, Tom sliced away the old acrylic latex caulk with quick, sharp\\nstrokes of a 5-in-1 painter's tool and a razor scraper. You can also use a\\nutility knife to remove old caulking. (Note: Metal blades can scratch plastic\\nsinks, tubs, and surrounds; use a plastic razor blade instead. Caulk removers\\nalso harm plastic.)\\n\\n3 ×\\n\\n#### Scrub\\n\\nStep Three // How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Scrub\\n\\nPhoto by David Carmack\\n\\nA dry, nonabrasive pad scours away every trace of caulk residue. (Clean up\\nafter silicone with a pad soaked in mineral spirits. But to avoid scratching\\nplastic fixtures, use a soft rag dampened with mineral spirits, not a scouring\\npad.) Wipe a damp cotton rag over the joint to remove the caulk dust and\\nprepare the surface for the new caulk. Thoroughly dry the area with paper\\ntowels, a dry rag, or a hair dryer.\\n\\n4 ×\\n\\n#### Tape and Caulk\\n\\nStep Four // How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Tape and Caulk\\n\\nPhoto by David Carmack\\n\\nLay parallel strips of blue painter's tape, about 3⁄8 inch apart, to keep the\\nbead straight, uniform, and off surfaces where it shouldn't be.\\n\\nPoint the nozzle hole toward the joint; hold the gun equidistant from the\\nsurfaces on either side of the joint and about 45 degrees out from it. Then\\napply steady pressure to the trigger as you move the gun smoothly along the\\nentire length of the seam. Whether you push or pull the gun is a matter of\\npersonal preference. Either way, keep the caulk gun moving at a steady speed\\nmatched to the rate that caulk is flowing out of the nozzle. Too fast, and the\\nbead will be too thin, with bubbles or breaks in the seal; too slow, and\\nyou'll waste material and spend more time cleaning up.\\n\\nTip: Trim the nozzle at a 45-degree angle near the tip. The hole in the nozzle\\nshould be just big enough to fill the joint, roughly 3⁄16 inch.\\n\\n5 ×\\n\\n#### Smooth\\n\\nStep Five // How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Smooth\\n\\nPhoto by David Carmack\\n\\nAs soon as the seams are filled, dampen a lint-free rag or paper towel and\\npress it into the joint with your finger. Pull it along the joint in one\\ncontinuous motion to shape the fresh caulk into a concave bead. Immediately\\nremove the tape, one strip at a time, taking care not to let it touch any of\\nthe fresh caulk. Then go back and smooth the bead again to eliminate the tiny\\nridges left by the tape. Wait at least 24 hours for the caulk to cure before\\nusing the shower or bath.\\n\\n#### Shop Related Products\\n\\n## Newborn 930-GTD Drip-Free Smooth Hex Rod Cradle Caulking Gun with Gator\\nTrigger Comfort Grip, 1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 10:1 Thrust Ratio\\n\\n$10.67 $20.28\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n## Edward Tools Drip Free Smooth Rod 10 oz Caulk Gun for standard Caulk tubes\\n- 15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel\\nconstruction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\\n\\n$7.95 $7.95\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n## Dripless Inc. ETS2000 Ergo Composite Caulk Gun\\n\\n$12.96 $12.96\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n## Newborn Pro Super Ratchet Rod Caulk Gun with Gator Trigger Comfort Grip,\\n1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 6:1 Thrust Ratio\\n\\n$9.32 $9.32\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n#### More in Tubs\\n\\nA neat way to keep your caulk beads tidy\\n\\n## Clean Caulking\\n\\n## Removing Silicone Caulk\\n\\nPrevent the mess next time you're caulking\\n\\n## Cleaner Caulking Tip\\n\\n#### Sponsored Stories\\n\\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\\ndirect to your inbox.\\n\\n#### TV Listings\\n\\nFind TV listings for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\\n\\nCustomer Service\\n\\n * Archive\\n * Contact Us\\n * Site Map\\n * TV FAQ\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\n * Our Company\\n * Our TV Partners\\n * Advertise\\n * Press Room\\n * Careers\\n\\nContests & Deals\\n\\n * INSIDER Deals & Discounts\\n\\nSubscriber Services\\n\\n * Give as Gift\\n * Renew Subscription\\n * Customer Service: 877-360-7546\\n\\nStep by Step Projects Tips from the Pros Affordable Remodels\\n\\nSubscribe!\\n\\n * Newsletters\\n\\nFollow This Old House:\\n\\n * twitter\\n * facebook\\n * pintrest\\n * youtube\\n * instagram\\n * tumblr\\n\\nCopyright © 2019 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\\n\\n * Terms and Conditions\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n×\\n\\n×\\n\\n×\\n\\n×\\n\\n×\\n\\nHow to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Tools for Now You're Caulking\\n\\n## 5-In-1 Painter's Tool\\n\\n## Caulk gun\\n\\n#### Shop Related Products\\n\\n## Newborn 930-GTD Drip-Free Smooth Hex Rod Cradle Caulking Gun with Gator\\nTrigger Comfort Grip, 1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 10:1 Thrust Ratio\\n\\n$10.67 $20.28\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n## Edward Tools Drip Free Smooth Rod 10 oz Caulk Gun for standard Caulk tubes\\n- 15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel\\nconstruction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\\n\\n$7.95 $7.95\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n## Dripless Inc. ETS2000 Ergo Composite Caulk Gun\\n\\n$12.96 $12.96\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n## Newborn Pro Super Ratchet Rod Caulk Gun with Gator Trigger Comfort Grip,\\n1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 6:1 Thrust Ratio\\n\\n$9.32 $9.32\\n\\nSee Reviews\\n\\n×\\n\\nHow to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Shopping List\\n\\n1\\\\. Non-abrasive Pad\\n\\n2\\\\. Cotton Rag\\n\\n3\\\\. Painter's Tape\\n\\n4\\\\. Caulk\\n\\n×\\n\\n×\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160808220740/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Caulking a Tub\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A continuous, watertight seal along the top edge of a bathtub or shower base is crucial. If the caulk is cracked or missing in spots, water will seep in and ruin the wall.\",\n \"Repairing a caulked joint is easy and takes less than 30 minutes. Start by scraping out all the old, dried-out caulk using an awl or narrow-bladed screwdriver. Then dip a cloth in rubbing alcohol and clean the surface of all soap scum and greasy grime. Allow the cleaned surface to dry a few minutes, and apply a thick bead of tub-and-tile caulk along the joint. Smooth the bead with a wet finger.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Caulking a Tub | This Old House\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nMore in Tubs\\n\\n# Caulking a Tub\\n\\nA few minutes are well spent maintaining a watertight seal\\n\\nBy Ryan Wallenfang of Today's Homeowner\\n\\nIllustration by by Narda Lebo\\n\\nA continuous, watertight seal along the top edge of a bathtub or shower base\\nis crucial. If the caulk is cracked or missing in spots, water will seep in\\nand ruin the wall.\\n\\nRepairing a caulked joint is easy and takes less than 30 minutes. Start by\\nscraping out all the old, dried-out caulk using an awl or narrow-bladed\\nscrewdriver. Then dip a cloth in rubbing alcohol and clean the surface of all\\nsoap scum and greasy grime. Allow the cleaned surface to dry a few minutes,\\nand apply a thick bead of tub-and-tile caulk along the joint. Smooth the bead\\nwith a wet finger.\\n\\n1 ×\\n\\n#### Caulking a Tub\\n\\n## Caulking a Tub\\n\\nIllustration by by Narda Lebo\\n\\nCaulking a Tub\\n\\nAlso in: Tubs\\n\\nPrevent the mess next time you're caulking\\n\\nSkill builder\\n\\n## Cleaner Caulking Tip\\n\\nKeep your ceramic tile from cracking when you drill into it\\n\\nSkill builder\\n\\n## Drilling Holes in Tile\\n\\nA simple way to remove the old stuff, even without a grout saw\\n\\nSkill builder\\n\\n## Getting Rid of Old Grout\\n\\nA neat way to keep your caulk beads tidy\\n\\nSkill builder\\n\\n## Clean Caulking\\n\\nThis Old House TV\\n\\n## North Shore Farmhouse | Making New Look Old\\n\\nOriginal Air Date: May 05, 2016\\n\\nSeason 35, Episode 23\\n\\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\\ndirect to your inbox.\\n\\nAsk This Old House TV\\n\\n## Ask TOH | Moving Trees, Hooking Up a Washer\\n\\nOriginal Air Date: October 06, 2011\\n\\nSeason 10, Episode 1\\n\\n#### TV Listings\\n\\nFind TV Listing for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\\n\\nCustomer Service\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n * Site Map\\n * TV FAQ\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\n * Advertise\\n * Our Company\\n * Press Room\\n * Our TV Partners\\n\\nContests & Deals\\n\\n * Deals & Discounts\\n\\n### Friends of TOH\\n\\nSubscriber Services\\n\\n * Give as Gift\\n * Renew Subscription\\n\\nSubscribe now and save up to 79% off the newsstand price for just $1 an issue\\n\\nSubscribe!\\n\\n * Newsletter\\n\\nFollow This Old House:\\n\\n * twitter\\n * facebook\\n * google_plus\\n * pintrest\\n * youtube\\n * instagram\\n * tumblr\\n\\nCopyright © 2016 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\\n\\n * Terms of Service & Privacy Policy\\n * California Privacy Rights\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20131007045106/http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"enormous mess of your bathroom doing it. Here's how to caulk a bathtub, shower or sink properly, and how to choose the best caulk gun for the job.\",\n \"I hate caulking. Maybe it's me, but I've tried caulk-smoothing tools and masking tape, and it still comes out sort of sloppy and half-baked-looking. Even my kids commented on the sink I caulked. There has to be a better way. Help me out here.\",\n \"Clean caulking comes down to three things: the position of the caulk gun, the speed that you move the gun and the opening that you cut in the end of the tube. Sure, gadgets may improve the process, but caulking is a simple DIY skill. Once you learn how to do it, it's easy and predictable without the use of additional devices. It's also a fact that caulk is overused today. It's not a building material. It's often used to fill gaps and make up for sloppy workmanship, but no matter what you do, it will always look lousy when applied in those circumstances. And while I'm on this soapbox, another culprit is the $1.99 caulk gun. Stepping up to a pro-level gun that costs just $5 makes a world of difference in getting caulk to look neat. The pressure you produce with a pro-quality gun is consistent and its pump action is predictable and much smoother.\",\n \"So let's start with the tube. Cut its tip at about a 45-degree angle. Use a utility knife with a fresh blade in it, or use a 1-inch-wide, razor-sharp chisel. The nozzle tip may have lines marked into it to indicate where to cut it. In almost all cases, I find the caulk extrudes more neatly if the tube opening is cut closer to the tip than the manufacturer recommends. A smaller bead is neater and there's simply less material to strike off if you need to clean up the joint with your index finger.\",\n \"If you find that the bead of caulk is too small, you can always cut a little bit more off the nozzle tip. Finally, if a slight burr remains on the nozzle after you cut it, be sure to remove it by carefully paring with the knife.\",\n \"Plan Ahead: Don't start caulking at a random corner or end point. Plan ahead to anticipate what your position will be as you move along the joint. For an enclosed tub, start caulking at one corner and then reverse the bead at the far end. Caulk outward from the remaining two corners.\",\n \"Next, hold the caulk gun in the joint so the tube tip meets the surface at a compound 45-degree angle. I'm right-handed, so I usually brace the nozzle with my left hand and squeeze the handle gently while simultaneously drawing the gun slowly down the joint or around the surface. Don't squeeze the handle again until there's an appreciable drop-off in the caulk coming out of the nozzle. Get the timing and pressure right and you can produce long, smooth runs with a single pump of the handle. Except when starting to run a bead in a corner, I often place the tip of my index finger over the joint. With a little downward pressure, my fingertip smooths the caulk as it comes out. The result is a nice smooth bead that doesn't need further wiping.\",\n \"When, despite your best effort, you find that the joint needs extra wiping to look good, draw a moistened finger down the joint (assuming you're using a latex or latex blend). If you're using a caulk that requires cleanup with mineral spirits, wear a disposable nitrile glove on the hand that you use to strike away excess material. The glove reduces the wear and tear on your finger and will make cleanup easier when you're done. Peel the glove. Toss it out.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home - Popular Mechanics\\n\\n/ / Customer Service / Promotions / Blogs / Video / /\\n\\nTry: Hottest Cars Ever / Best DIY Tips / Best Gadgets Ever\\n\\nAutomotive\\n\\n * Road Test\\n * Auto News\\n * DIY Auto\\n * Motorcycles\\n * Alternative Fuel\\n * Tire Guide\\n * Jay Leno's Garage\\n * Saturday Mechanic YouTube Show\\n\\nFeatured Stories\\n\\nDo We Really Need Car Dealerships Anymore?\\n\\n10 Cool Campers For Every Budget\\n\\nTechnology\\n\\n * Gadgets\\n * Aviation\\n * Engineering\\n * Military\\n * Digital Hollywood\\n * DIY Tech\\n * Your DIY Tech Workshop\\n\\nFeatured Stories\\n\\nGoogle Nexus 7 2013 Hands-On Review\\n\\nA Brief History of the Jetpack\\n\\nScience\\n\\n * Energy\\n * Earth and the Environment\\n * Space\\n * Health\\n * Mythbusters\\n\\nFeatured Stories\\n\\nHow Sci-Fi Movies Can Save Us From Aliens\\n\\nHere's Your $5 Billion Space Yacht\\n\\nHome How-To\\n\\n * Projects & Plans\\n * Home Improvement\\n * Tools Reviews\\n * Skills\\n * Lawn and Garden\\n\\nFeatured Stories\\n\\n7 Ways to Bring Solar Lighting to Your Home\\n\\nThe 10 Best Apps for DIYers\\n\\nOutdoors\\n\\nFeatured Stories\\n\\nHow to Pack for a Desert Excursion\\n\\n5 Techniques for the Extreme Fisherman\\n\\n * Recreation\\n * Sports\\n * Survival\\n * This is My Job\\n\\nDIY Central\\n\\nHomepage / Home How-To / Home Improvement / Electrical and Plumbing / How to\\nCaulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home\\n\\n# How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home\\n\\n## Caulking seems like a relatively easy home project until you make an\\nenormous mess of your bathroom doing it. Here's how to caulk a bathtub, shower\\nor sink properly, and how to choose the best caulk gun for the job.\\n\\nBy Roy Berendsohn\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nComments\\n\\nShare\\n\\nDecember 14, 2009 12:00 AM\\n\\nQ:\\n\\nI hate caulking. Maybe it's me, but I've tried caulk-smoothing tools and\\nmasking tape, and it still comes out sort of sloppy and half-baked-looking.\\nEven my kids commented on the sink I caulked. There has to be a better way.\\nHelp me out here.\\n\\nA:\\n\\nClean caulking comes down to three things: the position of the caulk gun, the\\nspeed that you move the gun and the opening that you cut in the end of the\\ntube. Sure, gadgets may improve the process, but caulking is a simple DIY\\nskill. Once you learn how to do it, it's easy and predictable without the use\\nof additional devices. It's also a fact that caulk is overused today. It's not\\na building material. It's often used to fill gaps and make up for sloppy\\nworkmanship, but no matter what you do, it will always look lousy when applied\\nin those circumstances. And while I'm on this soapbox, another culprit is the\\n$1.99 caulk gun. Stepping up to a pro-level gun that costs just $5 makes a\\nworld of difference in getting caulk to look neat. The pressure you produce\\nwith a pro-quality gun is consistent and its pump action is predictable and\\nmuch smoother.\\n\\n1\\\\. Cheapo caulk guns tend to extrude a messy bead.\\n\\n|\\n\\n2\\\\. A pro gun provides consistent pressure and better feedback. \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nSo let's start with the tube. Cut its tip at about a 45-degree angle. Use a\\nutility knife with a fresh blade in it, or use a 1-inch-wide, razor-sharp\\nchisel. The nozzle tip may have lines marked into it to indicate where to cut\\nit. In almost all cases, I find the caulk extrudes more neatly if the tube\\nopening is cut closer to the tip than the manufacturer recommends. A smaller\\nbead is neater and there's simply less material to strike off if you need to\\nclean up the joint with your index finger.\\n\\nIf you find that the bead of caulk is too small, you can always cut a little\\nbit more off the nozzle tip. Finally, if a slight burr remains on the nozzle\\nafter you cut it, be sure to remove it by carefully paring with the knife.\\n\\nPlan Ahead: Don't start caulking at a random corner or end point. Plan ahead\\nto anticipate what your position will be as you move along the joint. For an\\nenclosed tub, start caulking at one corner and then reverse the bead at the\\nfar end. Caulk outward from the remaining two corners.\\n\\nNext, hold the caulk gun in the joint so the tube tip meets the surface at a\\ncompound 45-degree angle. I'm right-handed, so I usually brace the nozzle with\\nmy left hand and squeeze the handle gently while simultaneously drawing the\\ngun slowly down the joint or around the surface. Don't squeeze the handle\\nagain until there's an appreciable drop-off in the caulk coming out of the\\nnozzle. Get the timing and pressure right and you can produce long, smooth\\nruns with a single pump of the handle. Except when starting to run a bead in a\\ncorner, I often place the tip of my index finger over the joint. With a little\\ndownward pressure, my fingertip smooths the caulk as it comes out. The result\\nis a nice smooth bead that doesn't need further wiping.\\n\\nWhen, despite your best effort, you find that the joint needs extra wiping to\\nlook good, draw a moistened finger down the joint (assuming you're using a\\nlatex or latex blend). If you're using a caulk that requires cleanup with\\nmineral spirits, wear a disposable nitrile glove on the hand that you use to\\nstrike away excess material. The glove reduces the wear and tear on your\\nfinger and will make cleanup easier when you're done. Peel the glove. Toss it\\nout.\\n\\n * 3 Quick, Cheap Upgrades for Your Brighter Bathroom : Action Plan\\n * How to Use a Caulk Gun: PM Tool Tips\\n * Pro Caulk Review: Do As Seen On TV Products Work?\\n * How to Choose the Right Caulk for Any Surface\\n * PM's Favorite DIY Guy Projects\\n * How to Remove Caulk in 6 Easy Steps\\n\\n## Post a comment\\n\\nCONNECT WITH POPULAR MECHANICS:\\n\\nFeatured Video\\n\\nGiveaways\\n\\nEnter to Win $10,000 in the Cool Tools Giveaway!\\n\\nSee All Giveaways\\n\\nMore From Popular Mechanics\\n\\n * Shell V-Power\\n * Vote For Your Favorite Project! 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All Rights Reserved. Being Green /Why did I\\nget this ad?\\n\\nSign up for Popular Mechanics's free newsletter!\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160713133015/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Caulk Around a Tub\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\",\n \"(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that’s hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That’s why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.\",\n \"(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it’s applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn’t have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.\",\n \"From style to tile, find tons of inspirational photos, ideas, and how-tos for brand-new rooms, quick upgrades, and big and small fixes, plus special offers.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Overview | How to Caulk Around a Tub | This Old House\\n\\n * ##### Breathtaking Backyard Before-and-Afters\\n\\nLook!\\n\\n * ##### Why to Wear Chainsaw Safety Gear\\n\\nWatch Now\\n\\n * ##### Read This Before You Replace Your Windows\\n\\nGet our Tips\\n\\n###### Share\\n\\n * S H A R E\\n\\n * # VIDEO\\n\\nSee What's Trending Now!\\n\\n * Home\\n * Bathroom\\n * Tubs\\n * How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n# How to Caulk Around a Tub\\n\\n## Take aim at old, cruddy caulk, and give your tub a fresh new seal\\n\\nJason CarpenterThis Old House magazine\\n\\nPhotograph: David Carmack\\n\\n«»\\n\\n * Previous Step\\n * Next Step\\n * * All Steps\\n\\nClose\\n\\n * ###### Introduction\\n\\n * ###### Overview\\n\\n * ###### Step 1\\n\\nRemove Existing Caulk\\n\\n * ###### Step 2\\n\\nScrub\\n\\n * ###### Step 3\\n\\nTape and Caulk\\n\\n * ###### Step 4\\n\\nSmooth\\n\\n * ###### Difficulty: Easy to moderate\\n\\n * ###### 1 hour\\n\\n * ###### Tools\\n\\n * ###### Shopping List\\n\\n### Overview\\n\\nCaulking Points\\n\\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\\n\\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\\nresidue that’s hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\\nThat’s why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\\nclear, white, and almond.\\n\\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it’s applied to.\\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn’t have much if any\\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\\nsink and tub glazes.\\n\\n#### Related Content\\n\\n * Ask This Old House: Removing Silicone Caulk\\n * Skill Builder: Clean Caulking\\n * Skill Builder: Cleaner Caulking Tip\\n\\nAsk TOH users about Tubs\\n\\nDiscuss\\n\\n#### Contribute to This Story Below\\n\\nAdd Comment\\n\\n#### More in Bathroom\\n\\n * Bathroom Lighting\\n * Tubs\\n * Bathroom Sinks\\n * Showers\\n * Small Bathrooms\\n\\n#### Tools List\\n\\nClose\\n\\n * ###### 5-in-1 Tool or Utility Knife\\n\\n * ###### Caulking Gun\\n\\n#### Shopping List\\n\\nClose\\n\\n1\\\\. Non-abrasive Pad\\n\\n2\\\\. Cotton Rag\\n\\n3\\\\. Painter's Tape\\n\\n4\\\\. Caulk\\n\\n * #### Newsletters\\n\\nSee All Newsletters\\n\\nSee Sample\\n\\n###### Kitchen & BathTwice-monthly\\n\\nFrom style to tile, find tons of inspirational photos, ideas, and how-tos for\\nbrand-new rooms, quick upgrades, and big and small fixes, plus special offers.\\n\\n * #### From Our Partners\\n\\n * #### This Old House To Go\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give A Gift\\n * Newsletter\\n * Tablet\\n\\n * ##### Newsletters\\n\\nSign up for FREE e-mail newsletters to get helpful tips and timely advice,\\nplus special offers\\n\\n * ##### Customer Service\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Your California Privacy Rights\\n * Ad Choices Ad Choices\\n * Terms of Service\\n * Site Map\\n * Archive\\n * ##### Subscriber Services\\n\\n * Get This Old House For Your Tablet\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Renew Your Subscription\\n * Customer Service\\n * ##### Partner Sites:\\n\\n * MyHomeIdeas\\n * Real Simple\\n * ##### Friends of TOH:\\n\\n * Houzz\\n * Hometalk\\n * ##### Contests & Deals\\n\\n * Contests & Sweepstakes\\n * Deals & Discounts\\n\\n##### TOH Ventures\\n\\n * Advertise with Us\\n * Our Project House Partners\\n * Our TV Partners\\n * Press Room\\n\\n * Tablet\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * RSS\\n\\nAmerica's Most Trusted Home Improvement Brand\\n\\nCopyright © 2016 Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in\\npart without permission is prohibited.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170105191024/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Bathtub Caulking Tips\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If a lumpy caulk job bugs you, check out these tips to help anyone learn to run a smooth bead of caulk. With advice from a pro painter and a tile setter, you'll soon be caulking everything around the house.\",\n \"I'm always surprised when people ask, “How do you get such a smooth bead of caulk?” For me it seems easy and I usually just reply that it takes practice. But after talking with a painter and a tile setter who both spend a lot of time caulking, I discovered a few techniques that will cut the practice time to a minimum. You can get good results right away. In this article, we'll show you how to get a neat caulk bead around a bathtub, but you can use the same techniques for other caulking as well.\",\n \"Cut off the tip of the caulk tube with a sharp knife at about a 45-degree angle. Cut very near the end to make a 1/8-in. diameter opening. Smooth and round the tip slightly with 100-grit sandpaper.\",\n \"The biggest mistake most people make is cutting too much off the tip of the caulk tube. In general, the size of the hole should be about two-thirds the width of the desired caulk joint. Most caulking jobs around the home only require a narrow bead. If you're caulking woodwork to prepare it for paint, start with the opening very small, just over 1/16 in. diameter. For tub caulking, a 1/8-in. diameter hole is usually about right. Some caulk tubes need to be punched in order to start the flow of caulk. Nails aren't always long enough. Use a thin, stiff wire like a scrap electrical wire or coat hanger to avoid enlarging the hole at the tip.\",\n \"You'll notice 45-degree marks on the tips of some caulk tubes, indicating the angle you should cut the tube. But some pros recommend a blunter tip angle, about 60 degrees. Give it a try. You can always cut the steeper, 45-degree angle if you don't like it. Regardless of the angle of the cut, the key is to hold the caulk gun at this same angle while you're filling the joint.\",\n \"A smooth tip makes a smooth bead. So use a sharp knife to cut the tip, and follow up by smoothing the tip with fine sandpaper (close-up photo).\",\n \"Squeeze the handle to start the flow of caulk. Release the pressure as soon as caulk appears at the tip. Then clean off the excess with a damp rag.\",\n \"Set the tip at the starting spot. Hold the caulking gun at a consistent angle and keep moving quickly while you squeeze steadily on the handle.\",\n \"TIP: Align the angle on the tip of the tube to the caulk gun handle. Then tape the tube in place. This way you won't have to check the position of the tip every time you start caulking.\",\n \"To apply a smooth bead of caulk that's just the right size, you have to find the best balance between pressure on the handle and application speed. The trick is to keep the pressure constant and vary the speed according to the size of the joint. To get a small, fine bead of caulk, you've got to move the tip along the joint at a rapid clip. Keep the caulk gun at the same angle and try to fill the joint as you go, but don't worry if you leave a gap. It's easier to make a second high-speed pass than it is to clean up excess caulk from going too slowly. You can slow down a little for larger caulk joints, but keep the speed steady.\",\n \"Squeeze the caulk gun handle steadily to maintain an even flow of caulk (Photo 3). Keep the gun moving as you let up and give the handle another squeeze. When you reach the end, quickly lift the tip from the surface and release pressure. Clean excess caulk from the tip before you start a new bead (Photo 2).\",\n \"Smooth the bead using light pressure with a wet fingertip. Clean excess caulk off your fingertip with a damp cloth.\",\n \"Too much pressure and not enough speed cause caulk to ooze out on the sides. Completely wipe off the caulk and try again.\",\n \"Smoothing not only makes the caulk look good—it ensures good adhesion on each side of the gap. Forget about special tools. Just use the tip of your finger (Photo 4). Wet your finger with water for latex caulk. Then use a wet rag to clean off your fingertip. Rinse the rag often. If you're using silicone caulk, wear a tight-fitting latex or vinyl glove and wet the fingertip with denatured alcohol. Keep your beads of silicone and urethane caulk slim to make smoothing easier. If you get much excess, they're hard to clean up and things can get really messy if you keep wiping your finger on the same rag. Use paper towels or a roll of toilet paper instead so you can use a new piece every time you wipe off your finger.\",\n \"I've talked to pros who swear by the expensive frame-type guns instead of the more common cradle-type (photos below). If you do a lot of caulking, it may be worth spending $15 to $20 for one of these. I admit they work smoothly and are easy to use. But for my money, a medium-priced (about $5) “dripless” gun is the way to go. Look for the “dripless” label on the gun. These are designed to take pressure off the tube as soon as you release the handle so you don't end up with a river of caulk flowing out every time you set the gun down. I also prefer a gun with a smooth rod, without notches.\",\n \"It takes a little longer, but the technique shown in Photos 1 and 2 below makes it easy to get a perfect caulk joint every time. This tip is handy if you're using silicone caulk because cleaning up excess silicone is always difficult. Place two strips of masking tape about 3/16 in. apart where you want the caulk joint. Be careful to keep the lines straight and an even distance apart. Press the tape tight to the surface, especially at grout joints or other depressions, so caulk doesn't ooze under the tape.\",\n \"Apply two strips of masking tape, leaving space between them for the desired caulk joint width. Lay a bead of caulk and smooth it with your fingertip.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Bathtub Caulking Tips | The Family Handyman\\n\\n### Select Username\\n\\n### Modal title\\n\\n##### Don't have an account yet?\\n\\nSign up today for FREE and become part of The Family Handyman community of\\nDIYers.\\n\\nMember benefits:\\n\\n * Get a FREE Traditional Bookcase Project Plan\\n * Sign up for FREE DIY newsletters\\n\\nJoin us\\n\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * DIY Tip Genius App\\n * Free Product Info\\n * Promotions\\n * Login\\n * Join us\\n * Hello ScreenName\\n\\n * My Account\\n * Log Out\\n\\n * Subscribe Now »\\n * Give a Gift »\\n * Digital Edition »\\n * Customer Care »\\n\\nSUBSCRIBE\\n\\nMagazine\\n\\nGive a gift\\n\\nShop\\n\\n * How To & Repair\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Appliance Repair\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Dishwasher Repair\\n * Refrigerator Repair\\n * Stove Repair\\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\\n * Automotive\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Car Brakes\\n * Car Maintenance\\n * Car Window Repair\\n * DIY Car Paint\\n * DIY Oil Change\\n * Lawn Mower Repair\\n * Small Engine Repair\\n * Tires\\n * Utility Trailer\\n * Carpentry\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Trim Carpentry\\n * Cleaning\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Mold & Mildew\\n * Drywall\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Ceiling Texture\\n * Cutting Drywall\\n * Drywall Installation\\n * Drywall Repair\\n * Drywall Taping\\n * Electrical\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Breaker Box\\n * Electrical Repair\\n * Electrical Wiring\\n * Fluorescent Lighting\\n * Home Lighting\\n * Outdoor Lighting\\n * Wiring Outlets\\n * Wiring Switches\\n * Heating & Cooling\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Air Conditioner Repair\\n * Furnace Repair\\n * Masonry\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Concrete Repair\\n * Pouring Concrete\\n * Painting\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Painting Techniques\\n * Painting Tips\\n * Pest Control\\n * Plumbing\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Drain Repair\\n * Faucet Repair\\n * Plumbing Repair\\n * Plumbing Valves\\n * Toilet Repair\\n * Water Heater\\n * Water Softener\\n * Storage & Organization\\n * Tiling\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Grouting\\n * Tile Installation\\n * Tools\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Air Tools\\n * Automotive Tools\\n * Circular Saws\\n * Drills\\n * Miter Saws\\n * Painting Tools\\n * Power Tools\\n * Routers\\n * Saws\\n * Table Saws\\n * Tool Storage\\n * Woodworking Tools\\n * Woodworking\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Bookcase\\n * Building Shelves\\n * Furniture Repair\\n * Staining Wood\\n * Wood Joints\\n * Woodworking Projects\\n * Woodworking Tips\\n * Ceiling\\n * Doors\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Door Installation\\n * Door Repair\\n * Garage Door Repair\\n * Screen Door Repair\\n * Floors\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Carpet Repair\\n * Floor Repair\\n * Hardwood Floors\\n * Vinyl Flooring\\n * Wood Floor Installation\\n * Roof\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Gutter Repair\\n * Roof Repair\\n * Siding\\n * Walls\\n * Windows\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Window Repair\\n * Rooms\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Attic\\n * Basement\\n * Bathroom\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\\n * Bathroom Remodeling\\n * Shower Installation\\n * Bedroom\\n * Closet\\n * Garage\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Garage Storage\\n * Home Office\\n * Kitchen\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\\n * Kitchen Countertops\\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\\n * Kitchen Storage\\n * Laundry\\n * Workshop\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Workbenches\\n * Workshop Storage\\n * Outdoor\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Decks\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Building a Deck\\n * Deck Designs\\n * Deck Railing\\n * Garden\\n * Garden Structures\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Fences\\n * Garden Paths\\n * Grills\\n * Landscaping\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Backyard Ponds\\n * Backyard Waterfalls\\n * Lawn Care\\n * Outdoor Furniture\\n * Planter Boxes\\n * Retaining Wall\\n * Patio\\n * Sheds\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * DIY Advice\\n * DIY Home Improvement\\n * Energy Saving Tips\\n * Great Goofs\\n * Home Safety Tips\\n * Home Security\\n * Ways to Save Money\\n * Subscribe\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * DIY University\\n * Free Product Info\\n * Newsletters\\n * Promotions\\n * Tip App\\n * * Join Us\\n * Log In\\n * Hello\\n\\n * My Account\\n * Log Out\\n * Get DIY tips in your inbox\\n\\n * Follow Us\\n\\nFixing a toilet Electrical Organizing Cleaning Plumbing Automotive\\n\\n 1. Home\\n 2. Rooms\\n 3. Bathroom\\n 4. Bathtub Caulking Tips\\n\\n# Bathtub Caulking Tips\\n\\nHow to achieve smooth caulk.\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nShare:\\n\\n * Article\\n * Tools & Materials\\n * Next Project ›\\n\\nIf a lumpy caulk job bugs you, check out these tips to help anyone learn to\\nrun a smooth bead of caulk. With advice from a pro painter and a tile setter,\\nyou'll soon be caulking everything around the house.\\n\\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\\n\\nYou might also like: Tips For Caulking\\n\\n * Overview\\n * A nice bead starts with a well-prepared tip\\n * Match your caulking speed to the size of the bead\\n * Smooth the caulk with your finger\\n\\n#### Similar Projects\\n\\n * How to Convert Bathtub Drain Lever to a Lift-and-Turn Drain\\n\\n * How to Clean Showerheads\\n\\n * How to Adjust Sliding Shower Doors\\n\\n * How to Fit a Shower Tray\\n\\n * Shower Faucet Installation\\n\\n * How to Install a Fiberglass Base Over Concrete\\n\\n * How to Replace a Two-Handle Shower Valve With a Single-Handle Unit\\n\\n * DIY Outdoor Shower Privacy\\n\\n * Article\\n\\n## Overview\\n\\nI'm always surprised when people ask, “How do you get such a smooth bead of\\ncaulk?” For me it seems easy and I usually just reply that it takes practice.\\nBut after talking with a painter and a tile setter who both spend a lot of\\ntime caulking, I discovered a few techniques that will cut the practice time\\nto a minimum. You can get good results right away. In this article, we'll show\\nyou how to get a neat caulk bead around a bathtub, but you can use the same\\ntechniques for other caulking as well.\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n## A nice bead starts with a well-prepared tip\\n\\n### Photo 1: Cut caulk tube with care\\n\\nCut off the tip of the caulk tube with a sharp knife at about a 45-degree\\nangle. Cut very near the end to make a 1/8-in. diameter opening. Smooth and\\nround the tip slightly with 100-grit sandpaper.\\n\\n### Close-up\\n\\nSmooth the tip with sandpaper.\\n\\nThe biggest mistake most people make is cutting too much off the tip of the\\ncaulk tube. In general, the size of the hole should be about two-thirds the\\nwidth of the desired caulk joint. Most caulking jobs around the home only\\nrequire a narrow bead. If you're caulking woodwork to prepare it for paint,\\nstart with the opening very small, just over 1/16 in. diameter. For tub\\ncaulking, a 1/8-in. diameter hole is usually about right. Some caulk tubes\\nneed to be punched in order to start the flow of caulk. Nails aren't always\\nlong enough. Use a thin, stiff wire like a scrap electrical wire or coat\\nhanger to avoid enlarging the hole at the tip.\\n\\nYou'll notice 45-degree marks on the tips of some caulk tubes, indicating the\\nangle you should cut the tube. But some pros recommend a blunter tip angle,\\nabout 60 degrees. Give it a try. You can always cut the steeper, 45-degree\\nangle if you don't like it. Regardless of the angle of the cut, the key is to\\nhold the caulk gun at this same angle while you're filling the joint.\\n\\nA smooth tip makes a smooth bead. So use a sharp knife to cut the tip, and\\nfollow up by smoothing the tip with fine sandpaper (close-up photo).\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n## Match your caulking speed to the size of the bead\\n\\n### Photo 2: Prep your caulk gun\\n\\nSqueeze the handle to start the flow of caulk. Release the pressure as soon as\\ncaulk appears at the tip. Then clean off the excess with a damp rag.\\n\\n### Photo 3: Steady your caulk gun\\n\\nSet the tip at the starting spot. Hold the caulking gun at a consistent angle\\nand keep moving quickly while you squeeze steadily on the handle.\\n\\nTIP: Align the angle on the tip of the tube to the caulk gun handle. Then tape\\nthe tube in place. This way you won't have to check the position of the tip\\nevery time you start caulking.\\n\\nTo apply a smooth bead of caulk that's just the right size, you have to find\\nthe best balance between pressure on the handle and application speed. The\\ntrick is to keep the pressure constant and vary the speed according to the\\nsize of the joint. To get a small, fine bead of caulk, you've got to move the\\ntip along the joint at a rapid clip. Keep the caulk gun at the same angle and\\ntry to fill the joint as you go, but don't worry if you leave a gap. It's\\neasier to make a second high-speed pass than it is to clean up excess caulk\\nfrom going too slowly. You can slow down a little for larger caulk joints, but\\nkeep the speed steady.\\n\\nSqueeze the caulk gun handle steadily to maintain an even flow of caulk (Photo\\n3). Keep the gun moving as you let up and give the handle another squeeze.\\nWhen you reach the end, quickly lift the tip from the surface and release\\npressure. Clean excess caulk from the tip before you start a new bead (Photo\\n2).\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n## Smooth the caulk with your finger\\n\\n### Photo 4: Smooth caulk with wet finger\\n\\nSmooth the bead using light pressure with a wet fingertip. Clean excess caulk\\noff your fingertip with a damp cloth.\\n\\n### Oops!\\n\\nToo much pressure and not enough speed cause caulk to ooze out on the sides.\\nCompletely wipe off the caulk and try again.\\n\\nSmoothing not only makes the caulk look good—it ensures good adhesion on each\\nside of the gap. Forget about special tools. Just use the tip of your finger\\n(Photo 4). Wet your finger with water for latex caulk. Then use a wet rag to\\nclean off your fingertip. Rinse the rag often. If you're using silicone caulk,\\nwear a tight-fitting latex or vinyl glove and wet the fingertip with denatured\\nalcohol. Keep your beads of silicone and urethane caulk slim to make smoothing\\neasier. If you get much excess, they're hard to clean up and things can get\\nreally messy if you keep wiping your finger on the same rag. Use paper towels\\nor a roll of toilet paper instead so you can use a new piece every time you\\nwipe off your finger.\\n\\n##### Choosing a Caulking Gun\\n\\nI've talked to pros who swear by the expensive frame-type guns instead of the\\nmore common cradle-type (photos below). If you do a lot of caulking, it may be\\nworth spending $15 to $20 for one of these. I admit they work smoothly and are\\neasy to use. But for my money, a medium-priced (about $5) “dripless” gun is\\nthe way to go. Look for the “dripless” label on the gun. These are designed to\\ntake pressure off the tube as soon as you release the handle so you don't end\\nup with a river of caulk flowing out every time you set the gun down. I also\\nprefer a gun with a smooth rod, without notches.\\n\\nFrame- and cradle-style caulking guns\\n\\n##### Use Masking Tape for Perfect Caulk Joints\\n\\nIt takes a little longer, but the technique shown in Photos 1 and 2 below\\nmakes it easy to get a perfect caulk joint every time. This tip is handy if\\nyou're using silicone caulk because cleaning up excess silicone is always\\ndifficult. Place two strips of masking tape about 3/16 in. apart where you\\nwant the caulk joint. Be careful to keep the lines straight and an even\\ndistance apart. Press the tape tight to the surface, especially at grout\\njoints or other depressions, so caulk doesn't ooze under the tape.\\n\\nApply two strips of masking tape, leaving space between them for the desired\\ncaulk joint width. Lay a bead of caulk and smooth it with your fingertip.\\n\\nImmediately pull the tape away from the caulk at an angle as shown.\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n * Tools & Materials\\n\\n#### Required Tools for this Project\\n\\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\\nsave time and frustration.\\n\\n * Caulk gun\\n * Painters tape\\n * Rags\\n * Utility knife\\n\\nYou'll also need sandpaper.\\n\\n#### Required Materials for this Project\\n\\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\\ntime. Here's a list.\\n\\n * Caulk\\n\\n# Popular How-To Videos\\n\\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\\n\\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\\n\\n### We Recommend\\n\\n### 20 Secret Hiding Places\\n\\n### Save Money With Home Energy Audit\\n\\n### Install Cabinets Like a Pro!\\n\\n### How to Unclog a Drain\\n\\n * Reader's Digest\\n * Taste of Home Recipes\\n\\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Rooms\\n * Skills\\n * Parts of the House\\n * Outdoors\\n * Magazine\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Customer Care\\n * Content Submission\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n### FOLLOW US\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Customer Care\\n * Content Submission\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\\n\\n * Reader's Digest\\n * Taste of Home Recipes\\n\\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":358,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":115297,"string":"115,297"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Select a Watermelon"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To select the perfect watermelon, look for a firm, symmetrical fruit free from bruises, cuts, or dents. The outside of the fruit should be dark green and dull, rather than shiny. When you lift the watermelon, it should seem heavy for its size, which means it is full of water and therefore ripe. The underside of the melon should have a creamy yellow spot, known as the field spot, which is where the melon sat on the ground while it ripened. A white or nonexistent field spot usually indicates that the watermelon was picked too soon."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210509230142/https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/","http://web.archive.org/web/20170115100320/http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/","http://web.archive.org/web/20160306014119/http://homecooking.about.com/od/fruitstorage/a/watermelonstorage.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20150716011940/http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html?_r=0"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509230142/https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170115100320/http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160306014119/http://homecooking.about.com/od/fruitstorage/a/watermelonstorage.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150716011940/http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html?_r=0\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2511,"string":"2,511"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509230142/https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/","parsed_text":{"title":"How To Pick A Good Watermelon","passages":["Here are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that’s ripe and sweet, gathered from lots of conversations with produce people, farmers, and personal experience. If you know how to check for things like the field spot, it makes the selection process much easier!","Picking out a watermelon at the grocery store was always a semi-anxiety plagued experience for me when I didn’t know what I was looking for.","If you pick a bad one, you’re stuck with 15-20 whopping pounds of watermelon terribleness. And then your options are to either force yourself to eat this yucky watermelon or throw it away...and both are less than desirable options.","There have been a few times where I ended up throwing it out because it tasted like a crunchy watermelon rind cucumber, and no one in my family would eat it.","My goal today is to help you pick sweet, ripe watermelons because I know how disappointing it is to get home, take your first bite of some sort of produce you buy, only to find out it isn’t good.","All the tips here are tidbits I have gathered from personal experience and lots of conversations with produce people and farmers.","The field spot is a creamy spot on the outside, and it’s where the watermelon was resting on the ground. The field spot should be a yellowish creamy color, like shown with my watermelon:","Much prettier and more typical of what I picture when I think of a watermelon, and that’s okay. I find that the best watermelons I buy can sometimes look really gnarly on one side where it was resting on the ground, and then unblemished on the other.","The more dark yellow the field spot is, the longer it was on the vine sweetening up. If the field spot is white (or not even there), this indicates an underripe melon.","Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. You will get a dull thud if the flesh is soft, which indicates it’s starting to spoil.","This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there’s more water in it.","The watermelon pictured above here in my post was a whopping 18 pounds! It was heavier than the other comparably sized melons around it.","Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.","This tip was emailed to me many months ago by Tom, a produce manager for a major grocery chain. If you see black spots on the melon (as pictured above), this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better. I’ve been looking for these every time I pick up a melon and have had great luck with it in addition to the other tips. Thank you, Tom!","It is SO much easier than cutting the typical triangles that include the rind, and you can either cut it into sticks or cubes:","Find the Field Spot - Look for a deep yellow color. If there's a white field spot, or no field spot at all, it likely won't be good.","Knock on It with Your Knuckles - Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. Soft flesh indicates it's starting to spoil.","Get the Heaviest One for Its Size - This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there's more water in it.","Check for a Uniform Shape - Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.","Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points - If you see black spots on the melon, this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better.","If you want an easy way to cut the watermelon into sticks or cubes, see my How to Cut a Watermelon post. Enjoy!","Nutrition is estimated using a food database and is only intended to be used as a guideline for informational purposes.","the best way is the way they did it when i was a kid the watermelon vendor would plug it for you if you didnt like it you did not buy it","* Donna Hall — August 13, 2020 @ 1:27 pm Reply\nOh wow, I completely forgot that little blast from the past!"]},"parsed_md":"How to Pick A Good Watermelon - Check the Field Spot\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\n * Recipe Index\n\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n * Quick Dinners\n * On the Lighter Side\n * Asian Dishes\n * Vegetable Sides\n * Special Diets\n\n * Dairy-free\n * Gluten-free\n * Vegan\n * Whole30 Compliant\n * Low Carb\n * All My Recipes\n * Appetizers\n * Desserts\n * Meats\n\n * Beef\n * Chicken\n * Lamb\n * Pork\n * Salads\n\nHome » How To Pick A Good Watermelon\n\n# How To Pick A Good Watermelon\n\nby Joanne June 27, 2018 (updated January 5, 2019)\n\n280\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nHere are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that’s ripe and sweet,\ngathered from lots of conversations with produce people, farmers, and personal\nexperience. If you know how to check for things like the field spot, it makes\nthe selection process much easier!\n\nPicking out a watermelon at the grocery store was always a semi-anxiety\nplagued experience for me when I didn’t know what I was looking for.\n\nIf you pick a bad one, you’re stuck with 15-20 whopping pounds of watermelon\nterribleness. And then your options are to either force yourself to eat this\nyucky watermelon or throw it away...and both are less than desirable options.\n\nThere have been a few times where I ended up throwing it out because it tasted\nlike a crunchy watermelon rind cucumber, and no one in my family would eat it.\n\nMy goal today is to help you pick sweet, ripe watermelons because I know how\ndisappointing it is to get home, take your first bite of some sort of produce\nyou buy, only to find out it isn’t good.\n\nAll the tips here are tidbits I have gathered from personal experience and\nlots of conversations with produce people and farmers.\n\n## How to Pick a Good Watermelon:\n\n### Tip #1: Find the Field Spot\n\nIf you don’t even read the other tips, I find this is the biggest indicator of\na good watermelon.\n\nThe field spot is a creamy spot on the outside, and it’s where the watermelon\nwas resting on the ground. The field spot should be a yellowish creamy color,\nlike shown with my watermelon:\n\nWhat’s interesting is you’ll notice that the other side of the same watermelon\nlooks completely different:\n\nMuch prettier and more typical of what I picture when I think of a watermelon,\nand that’s okay. I find that the best watermelons I buy can sometimes look\nreally gnarly on one side where it was resting on the ground, and then\nunblemished on the other.\n\nThe more dark yellow the field spot is, the longer it was on the vine\nsweetening up. If the field spot is white (or not even there), this indicates\nan underripe melon.\n\n### Tip #2: Pick a Dull Looking Watermelon\n\nA shiny appearance indicates an underripe melon. This applies to honeydew\nmelons too.\n\n### Tip #3: Knock on It with Your Knuckles\n\nYour knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty\nhard/firm. You will get a dull thud if the flesh is soft, which indicates it’s\nstarting to spoil.\n\n### Tip #4: Get the Heaviest One for Its Size\n\nThis applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon\nthat is the heaviest one for its size. That means there’s more water in it.\n\nThe watermelon pictured above here in my post was a whopping 18 pounds! It was\nheavier than the other comparably sized melons around it.\n\n### Tip #5: Check for a Uniform Shape\n\nSome watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there\nare irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent\namounts of sun or water.\n\n### Tip #6: Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points\n\nThis tip was emailed to me many months ago by Tom, a produce manager for a\nmajor grocery chain. If you see black spots on the melon (as pictured above),\nthis is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you\nsee dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more\nof them the better. I’ve been looking for these every time I pick up a melon\nand have had great luck with it in addition to the other tips. Thank you, Tom!\n\nOnce you’ve picked out your watermelon, take a look at my quick guide for How\nto Cut a Watermelon:\n\nIt is SO much easier than cutting the typical triangles that include the rind,\nand you can either cut it into sticks or cubes:\n\nClick the photo above for my guide on cutting watermelon. Enjoy!\n\n## Ripe, Sweet Watermelon\n\nServings: 8\n\nPrep Time: 2 mins\n\nTotal Time: 2 mins\n\nHere are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that's ripe and sweet.\n\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe\n\n13\n\nreviews Leave a Review »\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 large watermelon\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Find the Field Spot - Look for a deep yellow color. If there's a white field spot, or no field spot at all, it likely won't be good.\n\n * Pick a Dull Looking Watermelon - A shiny appearance indicates an underripe melon.\n\n * Knock on It with Your Knuckles - Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. Soft flesh indicates it's starting to spoil.\n\n * Get the Heaviest One for Its Size - This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there's more water in it.\n\n * Check for a Uniform Shape - Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.\n\n * Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points - If you see black spots on the melon, this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better.\n\n * If you want an easy way to cut the watermelon into sticks or cubes, see my How to Cut a Watermelon post. Enjoy!\n\n### Nutrition\n\nCalories: 106kcal, Carbohydrates: 27g, Protein: 2g, Fat: 1g, Sodium: 4mg,\nFiber: 1g, Sugar: 22g\n\nNutrition is estimated using a food database and is only intended to be used\nas a guideline for informational purposes.\n\nCourse: Snack\n\nCuisine: American\n\nKeyword: how to pick watermelon\n\nPost updated with new photos and more tips in June 2018. Originally published\nApril 2011.\n\nposted in: All Recent Posts, Dessert, Gluten-free, Vegan, Whole30 Compliant\n280 comments\n\n### Don’t miss a recipe!\n\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\n\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\nnotifications.\n\n« Previous PostMexican Street Corn Salad with Black Beans\n\nNext Post » How to Cut a Watermelon\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n### 280 Comments on “How To Pick A Good Watermelon”\n\n 1. ralph bernstein — June 28, 2020 @ 5:01 pm Reply\n\nthe best way is the way they did it when i was a kid the watermelon vendor\nwould plug it for you if you didnt like it you did not buy it\n\n * Donna Hall — August 13, 2020 @ 1:27 pm Reply\n\nOh wow, I completely forgot that little blast from the past!\n\n 2. Harshit — July 18, 2020 @ 8:27 am Reply\n\nSuper techniques. Will definitely use next time when I will go for purchase\nthem\n\n### Don’t Miss a Recipe!\n\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\n\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\nnotifications.\n\n### Follow Me:\n\n### Looking for Something?\n\n### Don’t miss a recipe!\n\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\n\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\nnotifications.\n\n * ^ Back to Top\n * Home\n * About\n * Recipe Index\n * Travel\n * Contact\n * Privacy\n * Terms, Conditions, and Disclosures\n\n©2021 Fifteen Spatulas. Design by Purr.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170115100320/http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/","parsed_text":{"title":"HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK)","passages":["In many ways, a watermelon is a lot like a Christmas gift: You’re pretty sure you’re going to like what’s inside, but you’re never really sure until you open it. Unlike a Christmas gift, however, with a watermelon, you’ll like what’s inside 100 percent of the time. (I’m about 75 percent with Christmas gifts.)","Since you can’t stealthily peel back the wrapping of a watermelon in the grocery store to sneak a peek at what’s inside, you’ll have to employ some different techniques to determine its “ripeness.” Personally, I use the following three-step process to find the right watermelon and I have to admit, it hasn’t failed me yet!","1. LOOK – Your watermelon should be firm, symmetrical and free of major bruises or scars. Some minor scratches are okay, however. After all, the purpose of that thick rind is to protect the delicious contents inside. Ripe watermelons should also be dark green in color.","2. LIFT – The ripest watermelons have the most water. And since watermelons are 92 percent water, your watermelon should be relatively heavy for its size.","3. TURN – Turn your watermelon over and check out its bottom, which should have a creamy yellow spot (also called “the ground spot”). This is where the watermelon sat on the ground while it soaked up the sun at the farm. If this spot is white or greenish, your watermelon may have been picked too soon and might not be as ripe as it should be.","Now I know what a lot of you are thinking: “What about the sound test? You know, knocking, tapping, drumming or thumping on the watermelon to test its ripeness?”","Here’s my stance on using your watermelon as a bongo drum in the produce aisle: While it’s true that the “sound test” can give you some insight on a watermelon’s ripeness, I don’t endorse or use the test because it’s too subjective and there’s no definitive agreement on which result the test is supposed to yield.","Some say a ripe watermelon will produce a hollow sound, while a “thick” or “solid” sound indicates a watermelon that’s not ripe or too ripe. Others say a hollow or “tight” sound is bad, and your watermelon should instead sound “firm.” Still others say a ripe watermelon should produce a B-flat sound. (What?!)","In other words, you can tap-tap-tap all you want, but if you perform the three-part test we talked about earlier, you should have no problem finding a great watermelon. As always, if anyone has any other tips or can clarify the sound test (please!), feel free to leave a comment!","the firm, dark green, heavy ones never any good for me. never ripe, but i will look for the yellow spot next time. just threw one away today.","Is the size of the melon important for sweetness? My wife just bought an oblong-shaped smaller organically grown melon since we have limited refrigerator space. It looked good and sounded good as far as the thump test, but we were unhappy. It was very juicy but bland and not sweet at all.","i am a diabetic and really love chilled watermelon 24 x 7! I sometimes find a white vein in the middle and it seems dry and unpleasant.","now, I will look for a yellow bottom, bee spots and a thumping sound with a vibration (really, b flat?). some are just great and I can eat 1/2 at one sitting, and when at night it makes me hit the bathroom but back to the frige for some more watermelon.","so, I will look for the yellow bottom, dark green body and maybe a thumping test. why can’t you just get an xray of the inners and let that tell you the best? maybe I will invent something!","The hollow sounding watermelon has never let me down. A dull sound will mean an inferior tasting melon. In the past, I’d settle for a melon without the hollow sound and regretted it. I will now also look for the yellow spot. Thanks for the info!","When in doubt with all these tips, I learned from my grandma to cut out a square chunk (like you would when carving a pumkin’s eye, nose, etc. but DON’T throw it away). I call this chunk the ‘melon cork’. After you pull the ‘melon cork’ out, check for ripeness. If it is not quite ripe yet, put the cork back in and wait, checking on it every few days.. You should have a mighty ripe watermelon eventually!","After looking for the yellow ground spot check the stem. It should be dark. A light color stem means it was picked green and probably still it green.","Pretty good advice, however, the thump test will give an indication if the watermelon is starting to separate in the middle. also press on the opposite end from the stem if it yields easily your melon is a gonner. Suzy A watermelon will continue to ripen after harvest if it was not picked too green. the stem must start to die from the vine befor it is picked. If you see a thick sturdy green stem but your melon meets all other guidlines the rind may be very thick. Mike’s Produce Guntersville AL HY 431.","What has always worked for me is that watermelon should have a small very string yellow circle (not creamy or light yellow) on one end and opposite side of that circle should be drak green in contrast. tapping will give you firmness of the melon.","I have always found yummy melon.Besides what you have said i always look for brown scars,(i have read they are formed because the thing is growing to fast and it is kind of a tare,and i have heard it is where insects (bees) have went after it for its sweetness).And Yes you dont want a mushy feel to any part of it.And if you know how to become one with the melon (be the melon) that will certainly help.","A man selling watermelons from a truck from Hermiston Oregon (home of the best watermelon in the nation, they are famous for their melons) said to look for tiny holes in a concentrated spot in the watermelon,,,that is where the bees have tried to get into the melons due to their sweetness (aka ripeness)...it has worked every time for me... and indicates not being picked too early and stored somewhere....","an italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the sweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since","actually tapping .. I flick end of my finger .. works with checking ripeness on full range of veges and fruits. A high pitched sound means it is tight, not soft and ripe. Try it on anything .. bananas, squash, as you like. The dull, thump thump sound means it is soft, more full of water .. and more ripe. All the words people use to define the sound are confusing. “High pitched”, and dull “dud dud” are easy to understand, and easy to determine in market place or garden. Snap some green and then overripe bananas and you will learn the difference quickly. I am a fruitarian, mostly, and have been doing this for years.","The cork method works but in a different way. When you buy the melon in the market you ask the guy to cut a cork and if you don’t like the look or taste you try another one. If second is still bad you thank the guy and go to the next. Of course we’re talking open producers market not superstore supercharged stuff. luckily in Romania we still have these markets dunno for how long","an italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the sweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since","How do you know what “relatively heavy for it’s size” means? Should I just pick up several and see if one is heavier than the others? My back might not like that, giggle","For the watermelon – sorry- it’s stem went through an upper level of the fence, therefore I put the watermelon (which has a yellow center based on others on the vein) on a couple of 5- gal. containers to relieve the stress on the vein. How do I check if its ready (it does sound hollow as one would hear when a loaf of bread is ready after baking) Thank you for your answer and hope this will help others with this same issue,","We always go with the method of just picking the largest that doesn’t look horrible. That is almost always better than using the sound, which we’ve found (like the author) to be not a good signal.","Well, i never pick a good watermelon, so this summer i’ll try the three step program! in fact i’m going to copy the three steps & put it in my purse right now, that way i won’t miss any of the steps! I’ll let you know if it works. Thank you for the information.","I spent many summers in Bakersfield, CA. My Pampa(grandfather) would say to look for that large white/pale yellow spot. The larger the spot, the longer it sat in once place while on the vine. I have always used that technic and it’s only been wrong once(my fault for caving to a craving in winter, in the off season). But in my childhood, the watermelons were huge & oblong, with seeds. Some skins were dark green, some with stripes. Now they all look the same and are all about the size of an oval basketball. But my Pampa’s system seems to still holds true!","I bought a watermelon 2 days ago using the three steps above, plus checking out the stem. It was beautiful, juicy, sweet and was plain old PERFECTION !!! It was a round melon, not an oblong one, so the spot on the “bottom ” was small but I had written the tips on my list to help. I will use this method going forward. Thanks so much!","This is the best watermelon picking advice ever. I have only been wrong two or 3 times since I started doing this and those times I was wrong I just really wanted a watermelon.","I have to give credit where credit is due. This is by far the best way to come home with the sweetest watermelon. When I follow those 3 rules I always get a great result!!! Always! I can’t thank you enough for this site!","So can you cut a hole in a watermelon that is still on the vine without ruining it. I want it to keep growing if I put a hole in it and its not ripe","I grew watermelons last year, Cool Guy, and I was tempted to cut a hole in them, too. Unfortunately, you can’t do that without ruining the watermelon.","With this knife you can easily cut a plug into a melon. Stick it in, twist, turn then take out.","It appears that the watermelon variety that I grew this summer (Orange Tendersweet) does not develop those light spots on the part where it was sitting. My two watermelons were green all over, and never changed color. No scent, either. I couldn’t tell if they were heavy for their size or not, as there was nothing to compare them to. I just had to guess based on when the seeds had been sown (June 21st). Our summers are long and warm well into the end of October, and I finally harvested the second one today, from a vine that was still green and healthy. Sometimes none of the tests work.","One of the comments was made by a diabetic who ate watermelon 24/7. Watermelon has a lot of sugar in it, therefore should be avoided, not consumed in large quantities continuously. Recent research has repeatedly shown that a high-fat very low carbohydrate diet can reverse diabetes. That include avoiding sugars from fruit.","...as for tapping, it fails sometimes, indeed it does. BUT I tap and listen for a sound as if a stress is on the peel anf just the right “hit” will cause it to burst from its own pressure! BOONG BOONG!! like a taut drum, ready to pop! BUT they are not always sweet when they “sing” so, and sometimes REGRETTABLY only pink.","You voted, we judged and we’re ready to announce the winners in the 2015 Watermelon Carving Contest. Check out our contest page for a round-up of this year’s champs!","Welcome to What About Watermelon, your one-stop online source for all the news and views about America’s favorite fruit. On What About Watermelon, we’ll share simple recipes, photos, facts and expert opinions about watermelons all year round, because watermelon is a year-round snack!","Got a question about watermelons? You’ve come to the right place. We’ve assembled the best panel of experts in the business -- from a chef, to a farmer, to the National Watermelon Queen herself -- and they’re ready to answer whatever’s on your mind."]},"parsed_md":"HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK) - What\nAbout Watermelon? What About Watermelon?\n\n« APRIL/MAY POLL: WHEN DO YOU PURCHASE YOUR WATERMELON?\n\nAN INTERVIEW WITH THE NATIONAL WATERMELON QUEEN »\n\n## HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK)\n\nIn many ways, a watermelon is a lot like a Christmas gift: You’re pretty sure\nyou’re going to like what’s inside, but you’re never really sure until you\nopen it. Unlike a Christmas gift, however, with a watermelon, you’ll like\nwhat’s inside 100 percent of the time. (I’m about 75 percent with Christmas\ngifts.)\n\nSince you can’t stealthily peel back the wrapping of a watermelon in the\ngrocery store to sneak a peek at what’s inside, you’ll have to employ some\ndifferent techniques to determine its “ripeness.” Personally, I use the\nfollowing three-step process to find the right watermelon and I have to admit,\nit hasn’t failed me yet!\n\n1\\. LOOK – Your watermelon should be firm, symmetrical and free of major\nbruises or scars. Some minor scratches are okay, however. After all, the\npurpose of that thick rind is to protect the delicious contents inside. Ripe\nwatermelons should also be dark green in color.\n\n2\\. LIFT – The ripest watermelons have the most water. And since watermelons\nare 92 percent water, your watermelon should be relatively heavy for its size.\n\n3\\. TURN – Turn your watermelon over and check out its bottom, which should\nhave a creamy yellow spot (also called “the ground spot”). This is where the\nwatermelon sat on the ground while it soaked up the sun at the farm. If this\nspot is white or greenish, your watermelon may have been picked too soon and\nmight not be as ripe as it should be.\n\nNow I know what a lot of you are thinking: “What about the sound test? You\nknow, knocking, tapping, drumming or thumping on the watermelon to test its\nripeness?”\n\nHere’s my stance on using your watermelon as a bongo drum in the produce\naisle: While it’s true that the “sound test” can give you some insight on a\nwatermelon’s ripeness, I don’t endorse or use the test because it’s too\nsubjective and there’s no definitive agreement on which result the test is\nsupposed to yield.\n\nSome say a ripe watermelon will produce a hollow sound, while a “thick” or\n“solid” sound indicates a watermelon that’s not ripe or too ripe. Others say a\nhollow or “tight” sound is bad, and your watermelon should instead sound\n“firm.” Still others say a ripe watermelon should produce a B-flat sound.\n(What?!)\n\nIn other words, you can tap-tap-tap all you want, but if you perform the\nthree-part test we talked about earlier, you should have no problem finding a\ngreat watermelon. As always, if anyone has any other tips or can clarify the\nsound test (please!), feel free to leave a comment!\n\n## Comments\n\n 1. joann says:\n\nJuly 4, 2013 at 11:41 pm\n\nthe firm, dark green, heavy ones never any good for me. never ripe, but i will\nlook for the yellow spot next time. just threw one away today.\n\n 2. daveG says:\n\nJuly 5, 2013 at 6:20 pm\n\nIs the size of the melon important for sweetness? My wife just bought an\noblong-shaped smaller organically grown melon since we have limited\nrefrigerator space. It looked good and sounded good as far as the thump test,\nbut we were unhappy. It was very juicy but bland and not sweet at all.\n\n 3. chipster says:\n\nJuly 5, 2013 at 9:48 pm\n\ni am a diabetic and really love chilled watermelon 24 x 7! I sometimes find a\nwhite vein in the middle and it seems dry and unpleasant.\n\nnow, I will look for a yellow bottom, bee spots and a thumping sound with a\nvibration (really, b flat?). some are just great and I can eat 1/2 at one\nsitting, and when at night it makes me hit the bathroom but back to the frige\nfor some more watermelon.\n\nso, I will look for the yellow bottom, dark green body and maybe a thumping\ntest. why can’t you just get an xray of the inners and let that tell you the\nbest? maybe I will invent something!\n\n 4. Sandy J says:\n\nJuly 8, 2013 at 1:37 pm\n\nThe hollow sounding watermelon has never let me down. A dull sound will mean\nan inferior tasting melon. In the past, I’d settle for a melon without the\nhollow sound and regretted it. I will now also look for the yellow spot.\nThanks for the info!\n\n 5. Kayla says:\n\nJuly 11, 2013 at 4:22 pm\n\nWhen in doubt with all these tips, I learned from my grandma to cut out a\nsquare chunk (like you would when carving a pumkin’s eye, nose, etc. but DON’T\nthrow it away). I call this chunk the ‘melon cork’. After you pull the ‘melon\ncork’ out, check for ripeness. If it is not quite ripe yet, put the cork back\nin and wait, checking on it every few days.. You should have a mighty ripe\nwatermelon eventually!\n\n 6. Richard W says:\n\nJuly 11, 2013 at 8:51 pm\n\nAfter looking for the yellow ground spot check the stem. It should be dark. A\nlight color stem means it was picked green and probably still it green.\n\n 7. Suzy says:\n\nJuly 15, 2013 at 1:34 pm\n\nWatermelons will not continue to ripen off the vine.\n\n 8. Michael Green says:\n\nJuly 22, 2013 at 12:33 am\n\nPretty good advice, however, the thump test will give an indication if the\nwatermelon is starting to separate in the middle. also press on the opposite\nend from the stem if it yields easily your melon is a gonner. Suzy A\nwatermelon will continue to ripen after harvest if it was not picked too\ngreen. the stem must start to die from the vine befor it is picked. If you see\na thick sturdy green stem but your melon meets all other guidlines the rind\nmay be very thick. Mike’s Produce Guntersville AL HY 431.\n\n 9. Melon Dexter says:\n\nAugust 3, 2013 at 4:48 pm\n\nWhat has always worked for me is that watermelon should have a small very\nstring yellow circle (not creamy or light yellow) on one end and opposite side\nof that circle should be drak green in contrast. tapping will give you\nfirmness of the melon.\n\n 10. Daniel says:\n\nAugust 4, 2013 at 1:09 pm\n\nI have always found yummy melon.Besides what you have said i always look for\nbrown scars,(i have read they are formed because the thing is growing to fast\nand it is kind of a tare,and i have heard it is where insects (bees) have went\nafter it for its sweetness).And Yes you dont want a mushy feel to any part of\nit.And if you know how to become one with the melon (be the melon) that will\ncertainly help.\n\n 11. Valerie says:\n\nAugust 8, 2013 at 3:12 am\n\nA man selling watermelons from a truck from Hermiston Oregon (home of the best\nwatermelon in the nation, they are famous for their melons) said to look for\ntiny holes in a concentrated spot in the watermelon,,,that is where the bees\nhave tried to get into the melons due to their sweetness (aka ripeness)...it\nhas worked every time for me... and indicates not being picked too early and\nstored somewhere....\n\n 12. pat says:\n\nAugust 8, 2013 at 5:12 pm\n\nan italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the\nsweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\n\n 13. ananda says:\n\nAugust 18, 2013 at 2:15 pm\n\nactually tapping .. I flick end of my finger .. works with checking ripeness\non full range of veges and fruits. A high pitched sound means it is tight, not\nsoft and ripe. Try it on anything .. bananas, squash, as you like. The dull,\nthump thump sound means it is soft, more full of water .. and more ripe. All\nthe words people use to define the sound are confusing. “High pitched”, and\ndull “dud dud” are easy to understand, and easy to determine in market place\nor garden. Snap some green and then overripe bananas and you will learn the\ndifference quickly. I am a fruitarian, mostly, and have been doing this for\nyears.\n\n 14. cristian says:\n\nAugust 22, 2013 at 4:00 pm\n\nThe cork method works but in a different way. When you buy the melon in the\nmarket you ask the guy to cut a cork and if you don’t like the look or taste\nyou try another one. If second is still bad you thank the guy and go to the\nnext. Of course we’re talking open producers market not superstore\nsupercharged stuff. luckily in Romania we still have these markets dunno for\nhow long\n\n 15. pickwatermelon.com says:\n\nAugust 27, 2013 at 11:36 am\n\nan italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the\nsweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\n\n 16. Lisa says:\n\nSeptember 1, 2013 at 3:09 pm\n\nHow do you know what “relatively heavy for it’s size” means? Should I just\npick up several and see if one is heavier than the others? My back might not\nlike that, giggle\n\n 17. Mike says:\n\nSeptember 16, 2013 at 10:34 am\n\nFor the watermelon – sorry- it’s stem went through an upper level of the\nfence, therefore I put the watermelon (which has a yellow center based on\nothers on the vein) on a couple of 5- gal. containers to relieve the stress on\nthe vein. How do I check if its ready (it does sound hollow as one would hear\nwhen a loaf of bread is ready after baking) Thank you for your answer and hope\nthis will help others with this same issue,\n\nMike T.\n\n 18. Greg says:\n\nSeptember 20, 2013 at 5:46 pm\n\nWe always go with the method of just picking the largest that doesn’t look\nhorrible. That is almost always better than using the sound, which we’ve found\n(like the author) to be not a good signal.\n\n 19. Judith Rose Kawohionalani says:\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 2:21 am\n\nWell, i never pick a good watermelon, so this summer i’ll try the three step\nprogram! in fact i’m going to copy the three steps & put it in my purse right\nnow, that way i won’t miss any of the steps! I’ll let you know if it works.\nThank you for the information.\n\n 20. Miss Whipity says:\n\nMay 19, 2014 at 4:02 pm\n\nI spent many summers in Bakersfield, CA. My Pampa(grandfather) would say to\nlook for that large white/pale yellow spot. The larger the spot, the longer it\nsat in once place while on the vine. I have always used that technic and it’s\nonly been wrong once(my fault for caving to a craving in winter, in the off\nseason). But in my childhood, the watermelons were huge & oblong, with seeds.\nSome skins were dark green, some with stripes. Now they all look the same and\nare all about the size of an oval basketball. But my Pampa’s system seems to\nstill holds true!\n\n 21. DS says:\n\nJune 25, 2014 at 9:05 pm\n\nDon’t underrate the ‘be the melon advice...’ This works for all produce. Also\nfresh fish and more...\n\n 22. Denise says:\n\nJune 26, 2014 at 4:30 pm\n\nI bought a watermelon 2 days ago using the three steps above, plus checking\nout the stem. It was beautiful, juicy, sweet and was plain old PERFECTION !!!\nIt was a round melon, not an oblong one, so the spot on the “bottom ” was\nsmall but I had written the tips on my list to help. I will use this method\ngoing forward. Thanks so much!\n\n 23. Tiah says:\n\nJune 29, 2014 at 12:34 pm\n\nThis is the best watermelon picking advice ever. I have only been wrong two or\n3 times since I started doing this and those times I was wrong I just really\nwanted a watermelon.\n\n 24. Tosha says:\n\nJuly 4, 2014 at 5:06 pm\n\nI have to give credit where credit is due. This is by far the best way to come\nhome with the sweetest watermelon. When I follow those 3 rules I always get a\ngreat result!!! Always! I can’t thank you enough for this site!\n\n 25. Cool guy says:\n\nJuly 25, 2014 at 7:06 pm\n\nSo can you cut a hole in a watermelon that is still on the vine without\nruining it. I want it to keep growing if I put a hole in it and its not ripe\n\n 26. The Watermelon Guy says:\n\nJuly 28, 2014 at 3:54 pm\n\nI grew watermelons last year, Cool Guy, and I was tempted to cut a hole in\nthem, too. Unfortunately, you can’t do that without ruining the watermelon.\n\n 27. pitius says:\n\nJuly 30, 2014 at 9:39 am\n\nWatermelon plugger\n\nhttp://forums2.gardenweb.com/forums/tools/msg0621384023037.jpg\n\nWith this knife you can easily cut a plug into a melon. Stick it in, twist,\nturn then take out.\n\n 28. HollyChicken says:\n\nAugust 17, 2014 at 7:09 pm\n\nThe bottom of it should be an inny like a belly button. Worked 99% of the\ntime.\n\n 29. Andrea says:\n\nOctober 19, 2014 at 6:37 pm\n\nIt appears that the watermelon variety that I grew this summer (Orange\nTendersweet) does not develop those light spots on the part where it was\nsitting. My two watermelons were green all over, and never changed color. No\nscent, either. I couldn’t tell if they were heavy for their size or not, as\nthere was nothing to compare them to. I just had to guess based on when the\nseeds had been sown (June 21st). Our summers are long and warm well into the\nend of October, and I finally harvested the second one today, from a vine that\nwas still green and healthy. Sometimes none of the tests work.\n\n 30. Tom says:\n\nMay 24, 2015 at 7:58 am\n\nOne of the comments was made by a diabetic who ate watermelon 24/7. Watermelon\nhas a lot of sugar in it, therefore should be avoided, not consumed in large\nquantities continuously. Recent research has repeatedly shown that a high-fat\nvery low carbohydrate diet can reverse diabetes. That include avoiding sugars\nfrom fruit.\n\n 31. Lauren says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2015 at 6:29 pm\n\nI like watermelons!!!!!!!\n\n 32. Lauren says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2015 at 6:31 pm\n\n:);) Watermelons\n\n 33. Negrito Jr. says:\n\nOctober 13, 2015 at 2:25 am\n\noo juicy. I love me some watermelown.\n\n 34. MARC says:\n\nJanuary 26, 2016 at 4:20 pm\n\n...as for tapping, it fails sometimes, indeed it does. BUT I tap and listen\nfor a sound as if a stress is on the peel anf just the right “hit” will cause\nit to burst from its own pressure! BOONG BOONG!! like a taut drum, ready to\npop! BUT they are not always sweet when they “sing” so, and sometimes\nREGRETTABLY only pink.\n\n« Older Comments\n\n### Leave a Reply\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\n * ## What's the most important part of a good picnic?\n\nLoading ...\n\n * ## Subscribe\n\n * ## 2015 Watermelon Carving Contest\n\nYou voted, we judged and we’re ready to announce the winners in the 2015\nWatermelon Carving Contest. Check out our contest page for a round-up of this\nyear’s champs!\n\n * ## About\n\nWelcome to What About Watermelon, your one-stop online source for all the news\nand views about America’s favorite fruit. On What About Watermelon, we’ll\nshare simple recipes, photos, facts and expert opinions about watermelons all\nyear round, because watermelon is a year-round snack!\n\n * ## Ask The Watermelon Experts\n\nGot a question about watermelons? You’ve come to the right place. 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When thumped by flicking the middle finger off the thumb against the melon, the melon should produce a deep, rich thudding sound. The skin should be dull and slightly waxy (although many are waxed to shine), yielding only slightly to pressure, and the stem should be attached, brownish and dry. The round or oblong melon should be symmetrical without any flat sides, feeling heavy for its size. The underside where it lies on the ground should be a pale yellow color, not white or light green.","Melons will continue to ripen and soften a little at room temperature but not much. Melons picked before their prime will never develop full flavor. Whole watermelon should be stored in the refrigerator for up to 1 week. Chilling injury occurs at temperatures below 40 degrees.","If you are purchasing a cut standard melon, look for bright red flesh with mature dark brown or black seeds. Unless it is a seedless variety, an abundance of white seeds means it was picked before its prime. Avoid those with white streaks through the flesh and those pieces where the flesh is mealy, dry, and/or separating from the seeds."]},"parsed_md":"How to Select and Store a Watermelon\n\n * About.com\n * Autos\n * Careers\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Education\n * en Español\n * Entertainment\n * Food\n * Health\n * Home\n * Money\n * News & Issues\n * Parenting\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports\n * Style\n * Tech\n * Travel\n\n * 1\n\nWatermelon Storage and Selection - How to...\n\n * 2\n\nWatermelon Varieties - Types of watermelon\n\n * 3\n\nWatermelon History\n\n * 4\n\nBanana Selection and Storage\n\n * 5\n\nAvocado Storage and Selection\n\n * About.com\n * About Food\n * Home Cooking\n * . . .\n * Food Storage\n * Fruit Storage - How to select and store fruit\n\n# Watermelon Storage and Selection - How to choose a watermelon\n\nDoes thumping work to select a watermelon?\n\nWatermelon Fruit. © 2007 Peggy Trowbridge Filippone, licensed to About.com,\nInc.\n\nBy Peggy Trowbridge Filippone\n\nHome Cooking Expert\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nTweet\n\nSubmit\n\nStumble\n\nPost\n\nShare\n\nBy Peggy Trowbridge Filippone\n\n### Watermelon Selection and Storage\n\nWatermelon season runs from May to September, but peak is mid-June to late\nAugust, making them a perfect summer choice in the northern hemisphere.\n\nThere are several schools of thought on how to select a properly ripened\nmelon, but I've always used the thumping method with great success. When\nthumped by flicking the middle finger off the thumb against the melon, the\nmelon should produce a deep, rich thudding sound. The skin should be dull and\nslightly waxy (although many are waxed to shine), yielding only slightly to\npressure, and the stem should be attached, brownish and dry. The round or\noblong melon should be symmetrical without any flat sides, feeling heavy for\nits size. The underside where it lies on the ground should be a pale yellow\ncolor, not white or light green.\n\nMelons will continue to ripen and soften a little at room temperature but not\nmuch. Melons picked before their prime will never develop full flavor. Whole\nwatermelon should be stored in the refrigerator for up to 1 week. Chilling\ninjury occurs at temperatures below 40 degrees.\n\nIf you are purchasing a cut standard melon, look for bright red flesh with\nmature dark brown or black seeds. Unless it is a seedless variety, an\nabundance of white seeds means it was picked before its prime. Avoid those\nwith white streaks through the flesh and those pieces where the flesh is\nmealy, dry, and/or separating from the seeds.\n\nCut watermelon should be wrapped tightly, refrigerated and used within a few\ndays.\n\n### Watermelon Information and Watermelon Recipes\n\nWatermelon Selection and Storage Watermelon Varieties and Types Watermelons\nand Health Watermelon History Make a Watermelon Basket - Step by step with\nphotos Watermelon Recipes _Watermelon Photo © 2007 Peggy Trowbridge Filippone,\nlicensed to About.com, Inc.\n\nCookbooks\n\nChez Panisse Fruit \n--- \nNicole Routhier's Fruit Cookbook \nFarmers Market Cookbook \nSweet and Sugarfree \nMore Cookbooks \n \n##### Related\n\n * Discover the Many Types of Watermelon\n * Watermelon History\n * Can You Freeze Watermelon?\n * Dress Up Watermelon With Savory Cumin\n\n##### More from the Web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\n##### Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n##### Home Cooking Categories\n\n * Recipes\n * Cooking Resources\n * Holiday, Special Occasion, and Party Recipes\n * Classic Dish Recipes and Cooking Information\n * How to Cook\n * Food Information / Health Information\n * Food Storage\n * Kitchen Equipment Product Reviews\n * Cookbook Reviews and Recommendations\n * Kitchen Safety\n * Blog\n * Cooking information, kitchen helpers, and tips.\n * Classic and Traditional Favorite Recipes\n * Special Occasions, Parties, and Holidays\n * Updated Articles and Resources\n * Expert Videos\n\nView More\n\nAbout Food Follow us:\n\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Food in your inbox.\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n * Our Story\n * Advertise With Us\n * Site Map\n * Help\n\n * Write for About\n * Careers at About\n * Terms of Use & Policies\n\n© 2016 About.com — All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150716011940/http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html?_r=0","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Choose a Watermelon","passages":["LIKE relationships, watermelons offer no guarantees. But a little wisdom from the experts can help you choose a good one at the store.","First, find a melon that’s dull, not shiny, and uniform in shape. Odd bumps and curves can mean it was grown with irregular runs of water or sun.","Then look for a creamy patch. It’s called the field spot — the place where the watermelon rested on the ground. The deeper in color, the longer the fully grown melon was on the vine getting sweet. Yellow is better than white, but white is better than no patch at all.","Then there is the controversial thump. Some watermelon farmers swear by it. Other say it’s hooey, with too many subtle variables to make it useful.","But believers say to hold the melon away from your body and give it a few good raps with your knuckles. (There are slappers, but that’s an even tougher sound to decipher.)","Listen for a melon that sounds full and more like a tenor than a bass. A deeper sound can mean it’s not ripe and full of water. It can mean the center of the fruit is separated into chunks, a condition caused either by pollination problems or by farmers trying to hurry things along with too much nitrogen fertilizer and water. Whatever the cause, the condition is called hollow heart, and it’s a sad one indeed.","A version of this article appears in print on August 18, 2010, on page D7 of the New York edition with the headline: To Thump or Not to Thump?. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe"]},"parsed_md":"How to Choose a Watermelon - The New York Times\n\nNYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade\nyour browser. LEARN MORE »\n\nSkip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version\n\n###### Dining & Wine|How to Choose a Watermelon\n\nAdvertisement\n\nsearch sponsored by\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Dining & Wine\n\n# How to Choose a Watermelon\n\nBy KIM SEVERSONAUG. 17, 2010\n\nInside\n\nSupported By\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nContinue reading the main story Share This Page\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nLIKE relationships, watermelons offer no guarantees. But a little wisdom from\nthe experts can help you choose a good one at the store.\n\nFirst, find a melon that’s dull, not shiny, and uniform in shape. Odd bumps\nand curves can mean it was grown with irregular runs of water or sun.\n\nThen look for a creamy patch. It’s called the field spot — the place where the\nwatermelon rested on the ground. The deeper in color, the longer the fully\ngrown melon was on the vine getting sweet. Yellow is better than white, but\nwhite is better than no patch at all.\n\nPick it up. Your watermelon should feel heavy for its size. Compare its weight\nwith one of similar size.\n\nThen there is the controversial thump. Some watermelon farmers swear by it.\nOther say it’s hooey, with too many subtle variables to make it useful.\n\nBut believers say to hold the melon away from your body and give it a few good\nraps with your knuckles. (There are slappers, but that’s an even tougher sound\nto decipher.)\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n## Related Coverage\n\n * ## Farmers Focus on Small, Seedless WatermelonsAUG. 17, 2010\n\n * ## Recipe: Recipe: Cucumber-Watermelon SaladAUG. 17, 2010\n\nListen for a melon that sounds full and more like a tenor than a bass. A\ndeeper sound can mean it’s not ripe and full of water. It can mean the center\nof the fruit is separated into chunks, a condition caused either by\npollination problems or by farmers trying to hurry things along with too much\nnitrogen fertilizer and water. Whatever the cause, the condition is called\nhollow heart, and it’s a sad one indeed.\n\nA version of this article appears in print on August 18, 2010, on page D7 of\nthe New York edition with the headline: To Thump or Not to Thump?. Order\nReprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe\n\nLoading...\n\nGo to Home Page »\n\n## Site Index\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509230142/https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Pick A Good Watermelon\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Here are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that’s ripe and sweet, gathered from lots of conversations with produce people, farmers, and personal experience. If you know how to check for things like the field spot, it makes the selection process much easier!\",\n \"Picking out a watermelon at the grocery store was always a semi-anxiety plagued experience for me when I didn’t know what I was looking for.\",\n \"If you pick a bad one, you’re stuck with 15-20 whopping pounds of watermelon terribleness. And then your options are to either force yourself to eat this yucky watermelon or throw it away...and both are less than desirable options.\",\n \"There have been a few times where I ended up throwing it out because it tasted like a crunchy watermelon rind cucumber, and no one in my family would eat it.\",\n \"My goal today is to help you pick sweet, ripe watermelons because I know how disappointing it is to get home, take your first bite of some sort of produce you buy, only to find out it isn’t good.\",\n \"All the tips here are tidbits I have gathered from personal experience and lots of conversations with produce people and farmers.\",\n \"The field spot is a creamy spot on the outside, and it’s where the watermelon was resting on the ground. The field spot should be a yellowish creamy color, like shown with my watermelon:\",\n \"Much prettier and more typical of what I picture when I think of a watermelon, and that’s okay. I find that the best watermelons I buy can sometimes look really gnarly on one side where it was resting on the ground, and then unblemished on the other.\",\n \"The more dark yellow the field spot is, the longer it was on the vine sweetening up. If the field spot is white (or not even there), this indicates an underripe melon.\",\n \"Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. You will get a dull thud if the flesh is soft, which indicates it’s starting to spoil.\",\n \"This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there’s more water in it.\",\n \"The watermelon pictured above here in my post was a whopping 18 pounds! It was heavier than the other comparably sized melons around it.\",\n \"Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.\",\n \"This tip was emailed to me many months ago by Tom, a produce manager for a major grocery chain. If you see black spots on the melon (as pictured above), this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better. I’ve been looking for these every time I pick up a melon and have had great luck with it in addition to the other tips. Thank you, Tom!\",\n \"It is SO much easier than cutting the typical triangles that include the rind, and you can either cut it into sticks or cubes:\",\n \"Find the Field Spot - Look for a deep yellow color. If there's a white field spot, or no field spot at all, it likely won't be good.\",\n \"Knock on It with Your Knuckles - Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. Soft flesh indicates it's starting to spoil.\",\n \"Get the Heaviest One for Its Size - This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there's more water in it.\",\n \"Check for a Uniform Shape - Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.\",\n \"Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points - If you see black spots on the melon, this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better.\",\n \"If you want an easy way to cut the watermelon into sticks or cubes, see my How to Cut a Watermelon post. Enjoy!\",\n \"Nutrition is estimated using a food database and is only intended to be used as a guideline for informational purposes.\",\n \"the best way is the way they did it when i was a kid the watermelon vendor would plug it for you if you didnt like it you did not buy it\",\n \"* Donna Hall — August 13, 2020 @ 1:27 pm Reply\\nOh wow, I completely forgot that little blast from the past!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Pick A Good Watermelon - Check the Field Spot\\n\\nSkip to Main Content\\n\\n * Recipe Index\\n\\n * Breakfast and Brunch\\n * Quick Dinners\\n * On the Lighter Side\\n * Asian Dishes\\n * Vegetable Sides\\n * Special Diets\\n\\n * Dairy-free\\n * Gluten-free\\n * Vegan\\n * Whole30 Compliant\\n * Low Carb\\n * All My Recipes\\n * Appetizers\\n * Desserts\\n * Meats\\n\\n * Beef\\n * Chicken\\n * Lamb\\n * Pork\\n * Salads\\n\\nHome » How To Pick A Good Watermelon\\n\\n# How To Pick A Good Watermelon\\n\\nby Joanne June 27, 2018 (updated January 5, 2019)\\n\\n280\\n\\nJump to Recipe\\n\\nHere are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that’s ripe and sweet,\\ngathered from lots of conversations with produce people, farmers, and personal\\nexperience. If you know how to check for things like the field spot, it makes\\nthe selection process much easier!\\n\\nPicking out a watermelon at the grocery store was always a semi-anxiety\\nplagued experience for me when I didn’t know what I was looking for.\\n\\nIf you pick a bad one, you’re stuck with 15-20 whopping pounds of watermelon\\nterribleness. And then your options are to either force yourself to eat this\\nyucky watermelon or throw it away...and both are less than desirable options.\\n\\nThere have been a few times where I ended up throwing it out because it tasted\\nlike a crunchy watermelon rind cucumber, and no one in my family would eat it.\\n\\nMy goal today is to help you pick sweet, ripe watermelons because I know how\\ndisappointing it is to get home, take your first bite of some sort of produce\\nyou buy, only to find out it isn’t good.\\n\\nAll the tips here are tidbits I have gathered from personal experience and\\nlots of conversations with produce people and farmers.\\n\\n## How to Pick a Good Watermelon:\\n\\n### Tip #1: Find the Field Spot\\n\\nIf you don’t even read the other tips, I find this is the biggest indicator of\\na good watermelon.\\n\\nThe field spot is a creamy spot on the outside, and it’s where the watermelon\\nwas resting on the ground. The field spot should be a yellowish creamy color,\\nlike shown with my watermelon:\\n\\nWhat’s interesting is you’ll notice that the other side of the same watermelon\\nlooks completely different:\\n\\nMuch prettier and more typical of what I picture when I think of a watermelon,\\nand that’s okay. I find that the best watermelons I buy can sometimes look\\nreally gnarly on one side where it was resting on the ground, and then\\nunblemished on the other.\\n\\nThe more dark yellow the field spot is, the longer it was on the vine\\nsweetening up. If the field spot is white (or not even there), this indicates\\nan underripe melon.\\n\\n### Tip #2: Pick a Dull Looking Watermelon\\n\\nA shiny appearance indicates an underripe melon. This applies to honeydew\\nmelons too.\\n\\n### Tip #3: Knock on It with Your Knuckles\\n\\nYour knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty\\nhard/firm. You will get a dull thud if the flesh is soft, which indicates it’s\\nstarting to spoil.\\n\\n### Tip #4: Get the Heaviest One for Its Size\\n\\nThis applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon\\nthat is the heaviest one for its size. That means there’s more water in it.\\n\\nThe watermelon pictured above here in my post was a whopping 18 pounds! It was\\nheavier than the other comparably sized melons around it.\\n\\n### Tip #5: Check for a Uniform Shape\\n\\nSome watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there\\nare irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent\\namounts of sun or water.\\n\\n### Tip #6: Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points\\n\\nThis tip was emailed to me many months ago by Tom, a produce manager for a\\nmajor grocery chain. If you see black spots on the melon (as pictured above),\\nthis is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you\\nsee dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more\\nof them the better. I’ve been looking for these every time I pick up a melon\\nand have had great luck with it in addition to the other tips. Thank you, Tom!\\n\\nOnce you’ve picked out your watermelon, take a look at my quick guide for How\\nto Cut a Watermelon:\\n\\nIt is SO much easier than cutting the typical triangles that include the rind,\\nand you can either cut it into sticks or cubes:\\n\\nClick the photo above for my guide on cutting watermelon. Enjoy!\\n\\n## Ripe, Sweet Watermelon\\n\\nServings: 8\\n\\nPrep Time: 2 mins\\n\\nTotal Time: 2 mins\\n\\nHere are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that's ripe and sweet.\\n\\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe\\n\\n13\\n\\nreviews Leave a Review »\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 1 large watermelon\\n\\n### Instructions\\n\\n * Find the Field Spot - Look for a deep yellow color. If there's a white field spot, or no field spot at all, it likely won't be good.\\n\\n * Pick a Dull Looking Watermelon - A shiny appearance indicates an underripe melon.\\n\\n * Knock on It with Your Knuckles - Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. Soft flesh indicates it's starting to spoil.\\n\\n * Get the Heaviest One for Its Size - This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there's more water in it.\\n\\n * Check for a Uniform Shape - Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.\\n\\n * Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points - If you see black spots on the melon, this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better.\\n\\n * If you want an easy way to cut the watermelon into sticks or cubes, see my How to Cut a Watermelon post. Enjoy!\\n\\n### Nutrition\\n\\nCalories: 106kcal, Carbohydrates: 27g, Protein: 2g, Fat: 1g, Sodium: 4mg,\\nFiber: 1g, Sugar: 22g\\n\\nNutrition is estimated using a food database and is only intended to be used\\nas a guideline for informational purposes.\\n\\nCourse: Snack\\n\\nCuisine: American\\n\\nKeyword: how to pick watermelon\\n\\nPost updated with new photos and more tips in June 2018. Originally published\\nApril 2011.\\n\\nposted in: All Recent Posts, Dessert, Gluten-free, Vegan, Whole30 Compliant\\n280 comments\\n\\n### Don’t miss a recipe!\\n\\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\\n\\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\\nnotifications.\\n\\n« Previous PostMexican Street Corn Salad with Black Beans\\n\\nNext Post » How to Cut a Watermelon\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\n### 280 Comments on “How To Pick A Good Watermelon”\\n\\n 1. ralph bernstein — June 28, 2020 @ 5:01 pm Reply\\n\\nthe best way is the way they did it when i was a kid the watermelon vendor\\nwould plug it for you if you didnt like it you did not buy it\\n\\n * Donna Hall — August 13, 2020 @ 1:27 pm Reply\\n\\nOh wow, I completely forgot that little blast from the past!\\n\\n 2. Harshit — July 18, 2020 @ 8:27 am Reply\\n\\nSuper techniques. Will definitely use next time when I will go for purchase\\nthem\\n\\n### Don’t Miss a Recipe!\\n\\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\\n\\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\\nnotifications.\\n\\n### Follow Me:\\n\\n### Looking for Something?\\n\\n### Don’t miss a recipe!\\n\\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\\n\\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\\nnotifications.\\n\\n * ^ Back to Top\\n * Home\\n * About\\n * Recipe Index\\n * Travel\\n * Contact\\n * Privacy\\n * Terms, Conditions, and Disclosures\\n\\n©2021 Fifteen Spatulas. Design by Purr.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170115100320/http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In many ways, a watermelon is a lot like a Christmas gift: You’re pretty sure you’re going to like what’s inside, but you’re never really sure until you open it. Unlike a Christmas gift, however, with a watermelon, you’ll like what’s inside 100 percent of the time. (I’m about 75 percent with Christmas gifts.)\",\n \"Since you can’t stealthily peel back the wrapping of a watermelon in the grocery store to sneak a peek at what’s inside, you’ll have to employ some different techniques to determine its “ripeness.” Personally, I use the following three-step process to find the right watermelon and I have to admit, it hasn’t failed me yet!\",\n \"1. LOOK – Your watermelon should be firm, symmetrical and free of major bruises or scars. Some minor scratches are okay, however. After all, the purpose of that thick rind is to protect the delicious contents inside. Ripe watermelons should also be dark green in color.\",\n \"2. LIFT – The ripest watermelons have the most water. And since watermelons are 92 percent water, your watermelon should be relatively heavy for its size.\",\n \"3. TURN – Turn your watermelon over and check out its bottom, which should have a creamy yellow spot (also called “the ground spot”). This is where the watermelon sat on the ground while it soaked up the sun at the farm. If this spot is white or greenish, your watermelon may have been picked too soon and might not be as ripe as it should be.\",\n \"Now I know what a lot of you are thinking: “What about the sound test? You know, knocking, tapping, drumming or thumping on the watermelon to test its ripeness?”\",\n \"Here’s my stance on using your watermelon as a bongo drum in the produce aisle: While it’s true that the “sound test” can give you some insight on a watermelon’s ripeness, I don’t endorse or use the test because it’s too subjective and there’s no definitive agreement on which result the test is supposed to yield.\",\n \"Some say a ripe watermelon will produce a hollow sound, while a “thick” or “solid” sound indicates a watermelon that’s not ripe or too ripe. Others say a hollow or “tight” sound is bad, and your watermelon should instead sound “firm.” Still others say a ripe watermelon should produce a B-flat sound. (What?!)\",\n \"In other words, you can tap-tap-tap all you want, but if you perform the three-part test we talked about earlier, you should have no problem finding a great watermelon. As always, if anyone has any other tips or can clarify the sound test (please!), feel free to leave a comment!\",\n \"the firm, dark green, heavy ones never any good for me. never ripe, but i will look for the yellow spot next time. just threw one away today.\",\n \"Is the size of the melon important for sweetness? My wife just bought an oblong-shaped smaller organically grown melon since we have limited refrigerator space. It looked good and sounded good as far as the thump test, but we were unhappy. It was very juicy but bland and not sweet at all.\",\n \"i am a diabetic and really love chilled watermelon 24 x 7! I sometimes find a white vein in the middle and it seems dry and unpleasant.\",\n \"now, I will look for a yellow bottom, bee spots and a thumping sound with a vibration (really, b flat?). some are just great and I can eat 1/2 at one sitting, and when at night it makes me hit the bathroom but back to the frige for some more watermelon.\",\n \"so, I will look for the yellow bottom, dark green body and maybe a thumping test. why can’t you just get an xray of the inners and let that tell you the best? maybe I will invent something!\",\n \"The hollow sounding watermelon has never let me down. A dull sound will mean an inferior tasting melon. In the past, I’d settle for a melon without the hollow sound and regretted it. I will now also look for the yellow spot. Thanks for the info!\",\n \"When in doubt with all these tips, I learned from my grandma to cut out a square chunk (like you would when carving a pumkin’s eye, nose, etc. but DON’T throw it away). I call this chunk the ‘melon cork’. After you pull the ‘melon cork’ out, check for ripeness. If it is not quite ripe yet, put the cork back in and wait, checking on it every few days.. You should have a mighty ripe watermelon eventually!\",\n \"After looking for the yellow ground spot check the stem. It should be dark. A light color stem means it was picked green and probably still it green.\",\n \"Pretty good advice, however, the thump test will give an indication if the watermelon is starting to separate in the middle. also press on the opposite end from the stem if it yields easily your melon is a gonner. Suzy A watermelon will continue to ripen after harvest if it was not picked too green. the stem must start to die from the vine befor it is picked. If you see a thick sturdy green stem but your melon meets all other guidlines the rind may be very thick. Mike’s Produce Guntersville AL HY 431.\",\n \"What has always worked for me is that watermelon should have a small very string yellow circle (not creamy or light yellow) on one end and opposite side of that circle should be drak green in contrast. tapping will give you firmness of the melon.\",\n \"I have always found yummy melon.Besides what you have said i always look for brown scars,(i have read they are formed because the thing is growing to fast and it is kind of a tare,and i have heard it is where insects (bees) have went after it for its sweetness).And Yes you dont want a mushy feel to any part of it.And if you know how to become one with the melon (be the melon) that will certainly help.\",\n \"A man selling watermelons from a truck from Hermiston Oregon (home of the best watermelon in the nation, they are famous for their melons) said to look for tiny holes in a concentrated spot in the watermelon,,,that is where the bees have tried to get into the melons due to their sweetness (aka ripeness)...it has worked every time for me... and indicates not being picked too early and stored somewhere....\",\n \"an italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the sweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\",\n \"actually tapping .. I flick end of my finger .. works with checking ripeness on full range of veges and fruits. A high pitched sound means it is tight, not soft and ripe. Try it on anything .. bananas, squash, as you like. The dull, thump thump sound means it is soft, more full of water .. and more ripe. All the words people use to define the sound are confusing. “High pitched”, and dull “dud dud” are easy to understand, and easy to determine in market place or garden. Snap some green and then overripe bananas and you will learn the difference quickly. I am a fruitarian, mostly, and have been doing this for years.\",\n \"The cork method works but in a different way. When you buy the melon in the market you ask the guy to cut a cork and if you don’t like the look or taste you try another one. If second is still bad you thank the guy and go to the next. Of course we’re talking open producers market not superstore supercharged stuff. luckily in Romania we still have these markets dunno for how long\",\n \"an italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the sweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\",\n \"How do you know what “relatively heavy for it’s size” means? Should I just pick up several and see if one is heavier than the others? My back might not like that, giggle\",\n \"For the watermelon – sorry- it’s stem went through an upper level of the fence, therefore I put the watermelon (which has a yellow center based on others on the vein) on a couple of 5- gal. containers to relieve the stress on the vein. How do I check if its ready (it does sound hollow as one would hear when a loaf of bread is ready after baking) Thank you for your answer and hope this will help others with this same issue,\",\n \"We always go with the method of just picking the largest that doesn’t look horrible. That is almost always better than using the sound, which we’ve found (like the author) to be not a good signal.\",\n \"Well, i never pick a good watermelon, so this summer i’ll try the three step program! in fact i’m going to copy the three steps & put it in my purse right now, that way i won’t miss any of the steps! I’ll let you know if it works. Thank you for the information.\",\n \"I spent many summers in Bakersfield, CA. My Pampa(grandfather) would say to look for that large white/pale yellow spot. The larger the spot, the longer it sat in once place while on the vine. I have always used that technic and it’s only been wrong once(my fault for caving to a craving in winter, in the off season). But in my childhood, the watermelons were huge & oblong, with seeds. Some skins were dark green, some with stripes. Now they all look the same and are all about the size of an oval basketball. But my Pampa’s system seems to still holds true!\",\n \"I bought a watermelon 2 days ago using the three steps above, plus checking out the stem. It was beautiful, juicy, sweet and was plain old PERFECTION !!! It was a round melon, not an oblong one, so the spot on the “bottom ” was small but I had written the tips on my list to help. I will use this method going forward. Thanks so much!\",\n \"This is the best watermelon picking advice ever. I have only been wrong two or 3 times since I started doing this and those times I was wrong I just really wanted a watermelon.\",\n \"I have to give credit where credit is due. This is by far the best way to come home with the sweetest watermelon. When I follow those 3 rules I always get a great result!!! Always! I can’t thank you enough for this site!\",\n \"So can you cut a hole in a watermelon that is still on the vine without ruining it. I want it to keep growing if I put a hole in it and its not ripe\",\n \"I grew watermelons last year, Cool Guy, and I was tempted to cut a hole in them, too. Unfortunately, you can’t do that without ruining the watermelon.\",\n \"With this knife you can easily cut a plug into a melon. Stick it in, twist, turn then take out.\",\n \"It appears that the watermelon variety that I grew this summer (Orange Tendersweet) does not develop those light spots on the part where it was sitting. My two watermelons were green all over, and never changed color. No scent, either. I couldn’t tell if they were heavy for their size or not, as there was nothing to compare them to. I just had to guess based on when the seeds had been sown (June 21st). Our summers are long and warm well into the end of October, and I finally harvested the second one today, from a vine that was still green and healthy. Sometimes none of the tests work.\",\n \"One of the comments was made by a diabetic who ate watermelon 24/7. Watermelon has a lot of sugar in it, therefore should be avoided, not consumed in large quantities continuously. Recent research has repeatedly shown that a high-fat very low carbohydrate diet can reverse diabetes. That include avoiding sugars from fruit.\",\n \"...as for tapping, it fails sometimes, indeed it does. BUT I tap and listen for a sound as if a stress is on the peel anf just the right “hit” will cause it to burst from its own pressure! BOONG BOONG!! like a taut drum, ready to pop! BUT they are not always sweet when they “sing” so, and sometimes REGRETTABLY only pink.\",\n \"You voted, we judged and we’re ready to announce the winners in the 2015 Watermelon Carving Contest. Check out our contest page for a round-up of this year’s champs!\",\n \"Welcome to What About Watermelon, your one-stop online source for all the news and views about America’s favorite fruit. On What About Watermelon, we’ll share simple recipes, photos, facts and expert opinions about watermelons all year round, because watermelon is a year-round snack!\",\n \"Got a question about watermelons? You’ve come to the right place. We’ve assembled the best panel of experts in the business -- from a chef, to a farmer, to the National Watermelon Queen herself -- and they’re ready to answer whatever’s on your mind.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK) - What\\nAbout Watermelon? What About Watermelon?\\n\\n« APRIL/MAY POLL: WHEN DO YOU PURCHASE YOUR WATERMELON?\\n\\nAN INTERVIEW WITH THE NATIONAL WATERMELON QUEEN »\\n\\n## HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK)\\n\\nIn many ways, a watermelon is a lot like a Christmas gift: You’re pretty sure\\nyou’re going to like what’s inside, but you’re never really sure until you\\nopen it. Unlike a Christmas gift, however, with a watermelon, you’ll like\\nwhat’s inside 100 percent of the time. (I’m about 75 percent with Christmas\\ngifts.)\\n\\nSince you can’t stealthily peel back the wrapping of a watermelon in the\\ngrocery store to sneak a peek at what’s inside, you’ll have to employ some\\ndifferent techniques to determine its “ripeness.” Personally, I use the\\nfollowing three-step process to find the right watermelon and I have to admit,\\nit hasn’t failed me yet!\\n\\n1\\\\. LOOK – Your watermelon should be firm, symmetrical and free of major\\nbruises or scars. Some minor scratches are okay, however. After all, the\\npurpose of that thick rind is to protect the delicious contents inside. Ripe\\nwatermelons should also be dark green in color.\\n\\n2\\\\. LIFT – The ripest watermelons have the most water. And since watermelons\\nare 92 percent water, your watermelon should be relatively heavy for its size.\\n\\n3\\\\. TURN – Turn your watermelon over and check out its bottom, which should\\nhave a creamy yellow spot (also called “the ground spot”). This is where the\\nwatermelon sat on the ground while it soaked up the sun at the farm. If this\\nspot is white or greenish, your watermelon may have been picked too soon and\\nmight not be as ripe as it should be.\\n\\nNow I know what a lot of you are thinking: “What about the sound test? You\\nknow, knocking, tapping, drumming or thumping on the watermelon to test its\\nripeness?”\\n\\nHere’s my stance on using your watermelon as a bongo drum in the produce\\naisle: While it’s true that the “sound test” can give you some insight on a\\nwatermelon’s ripeness, I don’t endorse or use the test because it’s too\\nsubjective and there’s no definitive agreement on which result the test is\\nsupposed to yield.\\n\\nSome say a ripe watermelon will produce a hollow sound, while a “thick” or\\n“solid” sound indicates a watermelon that’s not ripe or too ripe. Others say a\\nhollow or “tight” sound is bad, and your watermelon should instead sound\\n“firm.” Still others say a ripe watermelon should produce a B-flat sound.\\n(What?!)\\n\\nIn other words, you can tap-tap-tap all you want, but if you perform the\\nthree-part test we talked about earlier, you should have no problem finding a\\ngreat watermelon. As always, if anyone has any other tips or can clarify the\\nsound test (please!), feel free to leave a comment!\\n\\n## Comments\\n\\n 1. joann says:\\n\\nJuly 4, 2013 at 11:41 pm\\n\\nthe firm, dark green, heavy ones never any good for me. never ripe, but i will\\nlook for the yellow spot next time. just threw one away today.\\n\\n 2. daveG says:\\n\\nJuly 5, 2013 at 6:20 pm\\n\\nIs the size of the melon important for sweetness? My wife just bought an\\noblong-shaped smaller organically grown melon since we have limited\\nrefrigerator space. It looked good and sounded good as far as the thump test,\\nbut we were unhappy. It was very juicy but bland and not sweet at all.\\n\\n 3. chipster says:\\n\\nJuly 5, 2013 at 9:48 pm\\n\\ni am a diabetic and really love chilled watermelon 24 x 7! I sometimes find a\\nwhite vein in the middle and it seems dry and unpleasant.\\n\\nnow, I will look for a yellow bottom, bee spots and a thumping sound with a\\nvibration (really, b flat?). some are just great and I can eat 1/2 at one\\nsitting, and when at night it makes me hit the bathroom but back to the frige\\nfor some more watermelon.\\n\\nso, I will look for the yellow bottom, dark green body and maybe a thumping\\ntest. why can’t you just get an xray of the inners and let that tell you the\\nbest? maybe I will invent something!\\n\\n 4. Sandy J says:\\n\\nJuly 8, 2013 at 1:37 pm\\n\\nThe hollow sounding watermelon has never let me down. A dull sound will mean\\nan inferior tasting melon. In the past, I’d settle for a melon without the\\nhollow sound and regretted it. I will now also look for the yellow spot.\\nThanks for the info!\\n\\n 5. Kayla says:\\n\\nJuly 11, 2013 at 4:22 pm\\n\\nWhen in doubt with all these tips, I learned from my grandma to cut out a\\nsquare chunk (like you would when carving a pumkin’s eye, nose, etc. but DON’T\\nthrow it away). I call this chunk the ‘melon cork’. After you pull the ‘melon\\ncork’ out, check for ripeness. If it is not quite ripe yet, put the cork back\\nin and wait, checking on it every few days.. You should have a mighty ripe\\nwatermelon eventually!\\n\\n 6. Richard W says:\\n\\nJuly 11, 2013 at 8:51 pm\\n\\nAfter looking for the yellow ground spot check the stem. It should be dark. A\\nlight color stem means it was picked green and probably still it green.\\n\\n 7. Suzy says:\\n\\nJuly 15, 2013 at 1:34 pm\\n\\nWatermelons will not continue to ripen off the vine.\\n\\n 8. Michael Green says:\\n\\nJuly 22, 2013 at 12:33 am\\n\\nPretty good advice, however, the thump test will give an indication if the\\nwatermelon is starting to separate in the middle. also press on the opposite\\nend from the stem if it yields easily your melon is a gonner. Suzy A\\nwatermelon will continue to ripen after harvest if it was not picked too\\ngreen. the stem must start to die from the vine befor it is picked. If you see\\na thick sturdy green stem but your melon meets all other guidlines the rind\\nmay be very thick. Mike’s Produce Guntersville AL HY 431.\\n\\n 9. Melon Dexter says:\\n\\nAugust 3, 2013 at 4:48 pm\\n\\nWhat has always worked for me is that watermelon should have a small very\\nstring yellow circle (not creamy or light yellow) on one end and opposite side\\nof that circle should be drak green in contrast. tapping will give you\\nfirmness of the melon.\\n\\n 10. Daniel says:\\n\\nAugust 4, 2013 at 1:09 pm\\n\\nI have always found yummy melon.Besides what you have said i always look for\\nbrown scars,(i have read they are formed because the thing is growing to fast\\nand it is kind of a tare,and i have heard it is where insects (bees) have went\\nafter it for its sweetness).And Yes you dont want a mushy feel to any part of\\nit.And if you know how to become one with the melon (be the melon) that will\\ncertainly help.\\n\\n 11. Valerie says:\\n\\nAugust 8, 2013 at 3:12 am\\n\\nA man selling watermelons from a truck from Hermiston Oregon (home of the best\\nwatermelon in the nation, they are famous for their melons) said to look for\\ntiny holes in a concentrated spot in the watermelon,,,that is where the bees\\nhave tried to get into the melons due to their sweetness (aka ripeness)...it\\nhas worked every time for me... and indicates not being picked too early and\\nstored somewhere....\\n\\n 12. pat says:\\n\\nAugust 8, 2013 at 5:12 pm\\n\\nan italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the\\nsweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\\n\\n 13. ananda says:\\n\\nAugust 18, 2013 at 2:15 pm\\n\\nactually tapping .. I flick end of my finger .. works with checking ripeness\\non full range of veges and fruits. A high pitched sound means it is tight, not\\nsoft and ripe. Try it on anything .. bananas, squash, as you like. The dull,\\nthump thump sound means it is soft, more full of water .. and more ripe. All\\nthe words people use to define the sound are confusing. “High pitched”, and\\ndull “dud dud” are easy to understand, and easy to determine in market place\\nor garden. Snap some green and then overripe bananas and you will learn the\\ndifference quickly. I am a fruitarian, mostly, and have been doing this for\\nyears.\\n\\n 14. cristian says:\\n\\nAugust 22, 2013 at 4:00 pm\\n\\nThe cork method works but in a different way. When you buy the melon in the\\nmarket you ask the guy to cut a cork and if you don’t like the look or taste\\nyou try another one. If second is still bad you thank the guy and go to the\\nnext. Of course we’re talking open producers market not superstore\\nsupercharged stuff. luckily in Romania we still have these markets dunno for\\nhow long\\n\\n 15. pickwatermelon.com says:\\n\\nAugust 27, 2013 at 11:36 am\\n\\nan italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the\\nsweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\\n\\n 16. Lisa says:\\n\\nSeptember 1, 2013 at 3:09 pm\\n\\nHow do you know what “relatively heavy for it’s size” means? Should I just\\npick up several and see if one is heavier than the others? My back might not\\nlike that, giggle\\n\\n 17. Mike says:\\n\\nSeptember 16, 2013 at 10:34 am\\n\\nFor the watermelon – sorry- it’s stem went through an upper level of the\\nfence, therefore I put the watermelon (which has a yellow center based on\\nothers on the vein) on a couple of 5- gal. containers to relieve the stress on\\nthe vein. How do I check if its ready (it does sound hollow as one would hear\\nwhen a loaf of bread is ready after baking) Thank you for your answer and hope\\nthis will help others with this same issue,\\n\\nMike T.\\n\\n 18. Greg says:\\n\\nSeptember 20, 2013 at 5:46 pm\\n\\nWe always go with the method of just picking the largest that doesn’t look\\nhorrible. That is almost always better than using the sound, which we’ve found\\n(like the author) to be not a good signal.\\n\\n 19. Judith Rose Kawohionalani says:\\n\\nApril 8, 2014 at 2:21 am\\n\\nWell, i never pick a good watermelon, so this summer i’ll try the three step\\nprogram! in fact i’m going to copy the three steps & put it in my purse right\\nnow, that way i won’t miss any of the steps! I’ll let you know if it works.\\nThank you for the information.\\n\\n 20. Miss Whipity says:\\n\\nMay 19, 2014 at 4:02 pm\\n\\nI spent many summers in Bakersfield, CA. My Pampa(grandfather) would say to\\nlook for that large white/pale yellow spot. The larger the spot, the longer it\\nsat in once place while on the vine. I have always used that technic and it’s\\nonly been wrong once(my fault for caving to a craving in winter, in the off\\nseason). But in my childhood, the watermelons were huge & oblong, with seeds.\\nSome skins were dark green, some with stripes. Now they all look the same and\\nare all about the size of an oval basketball. But my Pampa’s system seems to\\nstill holds true!\\n\\n 21. DS says:\\n\\nJune 25, 2014 at 9:05 pm\\n\\nDon’t underrate the ‘be the melon advice...’ This works for all produce. Also\\nfresh fish and more...\\n\\n 22. Denise says:\\n\\nJune 26, 2014 at 4:30 pm\\n\\nI bought a watermelon 2 days ago using the three steps above, plus checking\\nout the stem. It was beautiful, juicy, sweet and was plain old PERFECTION !!!\\nIt was a round melon, not an oblong one, so the spot on the “bottom ” was\\nsmall but I had written the tips on my list to help. I will use this method\\ngoing forward. Thanks so much!\\n\\n 23. Tiah says:\\n\\nJune 29, 2014 at 12:34 pm\\n\\nThis is the best watermelon picking advice ever. I have only been wrong two or\\n3 times since I started doing this and those times I was wrong I just really\\nwanted a watermelon.\\n\\n 24. Tosha says:\\n\\nJuly 4, 2014 at 5:06 pm\\n\\nI have to give credit where credit is due. This is by far the best way to come\\nhome with the sweetest watermelon. When I follow those 3 rules I always get a\\ngreat result!!! Always! I can’t thank you enough for this site!\\n\\n 25. Cool guy says:\\n\\nJuly 25, 2014 at 7:06 pm\\n\\nSo can you cut a hole in a watermelon that is still on the vine without\\nruining it. I want it to keep growing if I put a hole in it and its not ripe\\n\\n 26. The Watermelon Guy says:\\n\\nJuly 28, 2014 at 3:54 pm\\n\\nI grew watermelons last year, Cool Guy, and I was tempted to cut a hole in\\nthem, too. Unfortunately, you can’t do that without ruining the watermelon.\\n\\n 27. pitius says:\\n\\nJuly 30, 2014 at 9:39 am\\n\\nWatermelon plugger\\n\\nhttp://forums2.gardenweb.com/forums/tools/msg0621384023037.jpg\\n\\nWith this knife you can easily cut a plug into a melon. Stick it in, twist,\\nturn then take out.\\n\\n 28. HollyChicken says:\\n\\nAugust 17, 2014 at 7:09 pm\\n\\nThe bottom of it should be an inny like a belly button. Worked 99% of the\\ntime.\\n\\n 29. Andrea says:\\n\\nOctober 19, 2014 at 6:37 pm\\n\\nIt appears that the watermelon variety that I grew this summer (Orange\\nTendersweet) does not develop those light spots on the part where it was\\nsitting. My two watermelons were green all over, and never changed color. No\\nscent, either. I couldn’t tell if they were heavy for their size or not, as\\nthere was nothing to compare them to. I just had to guess based on when the\\nseeds had been sown (June 21st). Our summers are long and warm well into the\\nend of October, and I finally harvested the second one today, from a vine that\\nwas still green and healthy. Sometimes none of the tests work.\\n\\n 30. Tom says:\\n\\nMay 24, 2015 at 7:58 am\\n\\nOne of the comments was made by a diabetic who ate watermelon 24/7. Watermelon\\nhas a lot of sugar in it, therefore should be avoided, not consumed in large\\nquantities continuously. Recent research has repeatedly shown that a high-fat\\nvery low carbohydrate diet can reverse diabetes. That include avoiding sugars\\nfrom fruit.\\n\\n 31. Lauren says:\\n\\nSeptember 17, 2015 at 6:29 pm\\n\\nI like watermelons!!!!!!!\\n\\n 32. Lauren says:\\n\\nSeptember 17, 2015 at 6:31 pm\\n\\n:);) Watermelons\\n\\n 33. Negrito Jr. says:\\n\\nOctober 13, 2015 at 2:25 am\\n\\noo juicy. I love me some watermelown.\\n\\n 34. MARC says:\\n\\nJanuary 26, 2016 at 4:20 pm\\n\\n...as for tapping, it fails sometimes, indeed it does. BUT I tap and listen\\nfor a sound as if a stress is on the peel anf just the right “hit” will cause\\nit to burst from its own pressure! BOONG BOONG!! like a taut drum, ready to\\npop! BUT they are not always sweet when they “sing” so, and sometimes\\nREGRETTABLY only pink.\\n\\n« Older Comments\\n\\n### Leave a Reply\\n\\nClick here to cancel reply.\\n\\n * ## What's the most important part of a good picnic?\\n\\nLoading ...\\n\\n * ## Subscribe\\n\\n * ## 2015 Watermelon Carving Contest\\n\\nYou voted, we judged and we’re ready to announce the winners in the 2015\\nWatermelon Carving Contest. Check out our contest page for a round-up of this\\nyear’s champs!\\n\\n * ## About\\n\\nWelcome to What About Watermelon, your one-stop online source for all the news\\nand views about America’s favorite fruit. On What About Watermelon, we’ll\\nshare simple recipes, photos, facts and expert opinions about watermelons all\\nyear round, because watermelon is a year-round snack!\\n\\n * ## Ask The Watermelon Experts\\n\\nGot a question about watermelons? You’ve come to the right place. We’ve\\nassembled the best panel of experts in the business -- from a chef, to a\\nfarmer, to the National Watermelon Queen herself -- and they’re ready to\\nanswer whatever’s on your mind.\\n\\nClick here to learn more about our experts.\\n\\nEmily Brown National Watermelon Queen 2015\\n\\nEmail Emily\\n\\nDr. Penny Perkins-Veazie Plant Physiologist and Professor\\n\\nEmail Dr. Penny\\n\\nElizabeth Somer, M.A. Nutritionist and Dietitian\\n\\nEmail Elizabeth\\n\\nJosh Bailey Watermelon Grower and Shipper\\n\\nEmail Josh\\n\\nJ-Slice All-around cool guy\\n\\nEmail J-Slice\\n\\n * ## Archives\\n\\n * ## Blogroll\\n\\n * Alabama Watermelon Association\\n * Florida Watermelon Association\\n * Georgia Watermelon Association\\n * Illiana Watermelon Association (Illinois and Indiana)\\n * Maryland-Delaware Watermelon Association\\n * North Carolina Watermelon Association\\n * South Carolina Watermelon Board\\n * The National Watermelon Association\\n * Western Watermelon Association\\n * ## Links\\n\\n * National Watermelon Promotion Board\\n * ## Recent Comments\\n\\n * Michelle Greenleaf on ASK THE EXPERTS: THE MYSTERIOUS BLUE WATERMELON\\n * Amanda on ASK THE EXPERTS: CAN I PLANT A WATERMELON SEED?\\n * Gage on CAN A WATERMELON BE USED TO CHARGE A CELLPHONE?\\n * Charlie on BEHIND THE WATERMELON: THE YELLOW FLESH\\n * do not argue with me on WATERMELON: A FRUIT OR A VEGETABLE?\\n * ## Recent Posts\\n\\n * HOW TO MAKE: WATERMELON RICE KRISPIE TREATS!\\n * NEW YEAR’S RESOLUTION UPDATE: WEAK PAPER AIRPLANES AND VERY STRONG WATERMELON\\n * SECOND SLICE: AN INSIDE LOOK AT JAPAN’S LEGENDARY $200 SQUARE WATERMELON\\n * SAINT PATRICK’S DAY RECIPE: SUPER GREEN DETOX SMOOTHIE\\n * ON YOUR MARK, GET SET, CARVE!\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://homecooking.about.com/od/fruitstorage/a/watermelonstorage.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160306014119/http://homecooking.about.com/od/fruitstorage/a/watermelonstorage.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Select and Store a Watermelon\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Watermelon season runs from May to September, but peak is mid-June to late August, making them a perfect summer choice in the northern hemisphere.\",\n \"There are several schools of thought on how to select a properly ripened melon, but I've always used the thumping method with great success. When thumped by flicking the middle finger off the thumb against the melon, the melon should produce a deep, rich thudding sound. The skin should be dull and slightly waxy (although many are waxed to shine), yielding only slightly to pressure, and the stem should be attached, brownish and dry. The round or oblong melon should be symmetrical without any flat sides, feeling heavy for its size. The underside where it lies on the ground should be a pale yellow color, not white or light green.\",\n \"Melons will continue to ripen and soften a little at room temperature but not much. Melons picked before their prime will never develop full flavor. Whole watermelon should be stored in the refrigerator for up to 1 week. Chilling injury occurs at temperatures below 40 degrees.\",\n \"If you are purchasing a cut standard melon, look for bright red flesh with mature dark brown or black seeds. Unless it is a seedless variety, an abundance of white seeds means it was picked before its prime. Avoid those with white streaks through the flesh and those pieces where the flesh is mealy, dry, and/or separating from the seeds.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Select and Store a Watermelon\\n\\n * About.com\\n * Autos\\n * Careers\\n * Dating & Relationships\\n * Education\\n * en Español\\n * Entertainment\\n * Food\\n * Health\\n * Home\\n * Money\\n * News & Issues\\n * Parenting\\n * Religion & Spirituality\\n * Sports\\n * Style\\n * Tech\\n * Travel\\n\\n * 1\\n\\nWatermelon Storage and Selection - How to...\\n\\n * 2\\n\\nWatermelon Varieties - Types of watermelon\\n\\n * 3\\n\\nWatermelon History\\n\\n * 4\\n\\nBanana Selection and Storage\\n\\n * 5\\n\\nAvocado Storage and Selection\\n\\n * About.com\\n * About Food\\n * Home Cooking\\n * . . .\\n * Food Storage\\n * Fruit Storage - How to select and store fruit\\n\\n# Watermelon Storage and Selection - How to choose a watermelon\\n\\nDoes thumping work to select a watermelon?\\n\\nWatermelon Fruit. © 2007 Peggy Trowbridge Filippone, licensed to About.com,\\nInc.\\n\\nBy Peggy Trowbridge Filippone\\n\\nHome Cooking Expert\\n\\nShare\\n\\nPin\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nSubmit\\n\\nStumble\\n\\nPost\\n\\nShare\\n\\nBy Peggy Trowbridge Filippone\\n\\n### Watermelon Selection and Storage\\n\\nWatermelon season runs from May to September, but peak is mid-June to late\\nAugust, making them a perfect summer choice in the northern hemisphere.\\n\\nThere are several schools of thought on how to select a properly ripened\\nmelon, but I've always used the thumping method with great success. When\\nthumped by flicking the middle finger off the thumb against the melon, the\\nmelon should produce a deep, rich thudding sound. The skin should be dull and\\nslightly waxy (although many are waxed to shine), yielding only slightly to\\npressure, and the stem should be attached, brownish and dry. The round or\\noblong melon should be symmetrical without any flat sides, feeling heavy for\\nits size. The underside where it lies on the ground should be a pale yellow\\ncolor, not white or light green.\\n\\nMelons will continue to ripen and soften a little at room temperature but not\\nmuch. Melons picked before their prime will never develop full flavor. Whole\\nwatermelon should be stored in the refrigerator for up to 1 week. Chilling\\ninjury occurs at temperatures below 40 degrees.\\n\\nIf you are purchasing a cut standard melon, look for bright red flesh with\\nmature dark brown or black seeds. Unless it is a seedless variety, an\\nabundance of white seeds means it was picked before its prime. Avoid those\\nwith white streaks through the flesh and those pieces where the flesh is\\nmealy, dry, and/or separating from the seeds.\\n\\nCut watermelon should be wrapped tightly, refrigerated and used within a few\\ndays.\\n\\n### Watermelon Information and Watermelon Recipes\\n\\nWatermelon Selection and Storage Watermelon Varieties and Types Watermelons\\nand Health Watermelon History Make a Watermelon Basket - Step by step with\\nphotos Watermelon Recipes _Watermelon Photo © 2007 Peggy Trowbridge Filippone,\\nlicensed to About.com, Inc.\\n\\nCookbooks\\n\\nChez Panisse Fruit \\n--- \\nNicole Routhier's Fruit Cookbook \\nFarmers Market Cookbook \\nSweet and Sugarfree \\nMore Cookbooks \\n \\n##### Related\\n\\n * Discover the Many Types of Watermelon\\n * Watermelon History\\n * Can You Freeze Watermelon?\\n * Dress Up Watermelon With Savory Cumin\\n\\n##### More from the Web\\n\\nPowered By ZergNet\\n\\n##### Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters\\n\\n##### Thanks, You're in!\\n\\n##### Home Cooking Categories\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Cooking Resources\\n * Holiday, Special Occasion, and Party Recipes\\n * Classic Dish Recipes and Cooking Information\\n * How to Cook\\n * Food Information / Health Information\\n * Food Storage\\n * Kitchen Equipment Product Reviews\\n * Cookbook Reviews and Recommendations\\n * Kitchen Safety\\n * Blog\\n * Cooking information, kitchen helpers, and tips.\\n * Classic and Traditional Favorite Recipes\\n * Special Occasions, Parties, and Holidays\\n * Updated Articles and Resources\\n * Expert Videos\\n\\nView More\\n\\nAbout Food Follow us:\\n\\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Food in your inbox.\\n\\n##### Thanks, You're in!\\n\\n * Our Story\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Site Map\\n * Help\\n\\n * Write for About\\n * Careers at About\\n * Terms of Use & Policies\\n\\n© 2016 About.com — All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150716011940/http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html?_r=0\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Choose a Watermelon\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"LIKE relationships, watermelons offer no guarantees. But a little wisdom from the experts can help you choose a good one at the store.\",\n \"First, find a melon that’s dull, not shiny, and uniform in shape. Odd bumps and curves can mean it was grown with irregular runs of water or sun.\",\n \"Then look for a creamy patch. It’s called the field spot — the place where the watermelon rested on the ground. The deeper in color, the longer the fully grown melon was on the vine getting sweet. Yellow is better than white, but white is better than no patch at all.\",\n \"Then there is the controversial thump. Some watermelon farmers swear by it. Other say it’s hooey, with too many subtle variables to make it useful.\",\n \"But believers say to hold the melon away from your body and give it a few good raps with your knuckles. (There are slappers, but that’s an even tougher sound to decipher.)\",\n \"Listen for a melon that sounds full and more like a tenor than a bass. A deeper sound can mean it’s not ripe and full of water. It can mean the center of the fruit is separated into chunks, a condition caused either by pollination problems or by farmers trying to hurry things along with too much nitrogen fertilizer and water. Whatever the cause, the condition is called hollow heart, and it’s a sad one indeed.\",\n \"A version of this article appears in print on August 18, 2010, on page D7 of the New York edition with the headline: To Thump or Not to Thump?. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Choose a Watermelon - The New York Times\\n\\nNYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade\\nyour browser. LEARN MORE »\\n\\nSkip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version\\n\\n###### Dining & Wine|How to Choose a Watermelon\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nsearch sponsored by\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n### Dining & Wine\\n\\n# How to Choose a Watermelon\\n\\nBy KIM SEVERSONAUG. 17, 2010\\n\\nInside\\n\\nSupported By\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nContinue reading the main story Share This Page\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nLIKE relationships, watermelons offer no guarantees. But a little wisdom from\\nthe experts can help you choose a good one at the store.\\n\\nFirst, find a melon that’s dull, not shiny, and uniform in shape. Odd bumps\\nand curves can mean it was grown with irregular runs of water or sun.\\n\\nThen look for a creamy patch. It’s called the field spot — the place where the\\nwatermelon rested on the ground. The deeper in color, the longer the fully\\ngrown melon was on the vine getting sweet. Yellow is better than white, but\\nwhite is better than no patch at all.\\n\\nPick it up. Your watermelon should feel heavy for its size. Compare its weight\\nwith one of similar size.\\n\\nThen there is the controversial thump. Some watermelon farmers swear by it.\\nOther say it’s hooey, with too many subtle variables to make it useful.\\n\\nBut believers say to hold the melon away from your body and give it a few good\\nraps with your knuckles. (There are slappers, but that’s an even tougher sound\\nto decipher.)\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\n## Related Coverage\\n\\n * ## Farmers Focus on Small, Seedless WatermelonsAUG. 17, 2010\\n\\n * ## Recipe: Recipe: Cucumber-Watermelon SaladAUG. 17, 2010\\n\\nListen for a melon that sounds full and more like a tenor than a bass. A\\ndeeper sound can mean it’s not ripe and full of water. It can mean the center\\nof the fruit is separated into chunks, a condition caused either by\\npollination problems or by farmers trying to hurry things along with too much\\nnitrogen fertilizer and water. Whatever the cause, the condition is called\\nhollow heart, and it’s a sad one indeed.\\n\\nA version of this article appears in print on August 18, 2010, on page D7 of\\nthe New York edition with the headline: To Thump or Not to Thump?. Order\\nReprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe\\n\\nLoading...\\n\\nGo to Home Page »\\n\\n## Site Index\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":359,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":97451,"string":"97,451"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Teach Your Rabbit to Come when Called"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To teach your rabbit to come when called, start by sitting on the floor near your rabbit with a bag of healthy treats, like carrots or celery. Hold out a treat and say your rabbit's name in a calm voice, giving the rabbit the treat and verbal praise if it approaches you. Then, move a little further away, hold out another treat, and repeat the command. Be sure to train your rabbit every day for about 5-10 minutes for the best results!"},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210628084443/http://www.clickerbunny.com/","http://web.archive.org/web/20201111204730/http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210421094959/http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628084443/http://www.clickerbunny.com/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201111204730/http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421094959/http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1738,"string":"1,738"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.clickerbunny.com/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628084443/http://www.clickerbunny.com/","parsed_text":{"title":"Rabbit training resources","passages":["Who me? Train my rabbit? Of course you can train your rabbit, and this delightful book explains exactly how to do it.","Why train my rabbit? Why indeed ... to have fun, improve quality of life, use a litter box, come when called, get along with others and more.","When is there time to train my rabbit? Train him at feeding time and 5 minutes here, 3 minutes there. Anyone has time to train a bunny.","How can I get started? Click here to buy the book and get clicking with your rabbit. (You will be transferred to the KPCT webstore for your purchase)","Where can I find a rabbit trainer to help me? You can host a clicker bunny seminar for your shelter or organization or join the clicker critters discussion group.","Where can I buy fun toys, food and other great stuff for my bunny? Visit Small Pet Select for all your rabbit needs","Attention newsletter editors - We would be pleased to submit an article about rabbit clicker training for your newsletter: contact us","This website provides information for anyone wanting to learn about clicker training and its application to small pets. Clicker training is effective for all types of pets. Pets mentioned in these pages include: rabbit, bunny, gerbil, hamster, mouse, rat, ferret, guinea pig, sugar glider, flying squirrel, chinchilla and degu. There are articles about clicker training, clicker videos, information about rabbit care, housing feeding and training as well as information about rabbit behavior."]},"parsed_md":"Clicker Bunny - Rabbit training resources\n\nWho me? Train my rabbit? Of course you can train your rabbit, and this\ndelightful book explains exactly how to do it.\n\nWhy train my rabbit? Why indeed ... to have fun, improve quality of life, use\na litter box, come when called, get along with others and more.\n\nWhen is there time to train my rabbit? Train him at feeding time and 5 minutes\nhere, 3 minutes there. Anyone has time to train a bunny.\n\nWhat stuff do I need? All you need is a clicker and food that your bunny\nlikes.\n\nHow can I get started? Click here to buy the book and get clicking with your\nrabbit. (You will be transferred to the KPCT webstore for your purchase)\n\nWhere can I find a rabbit trainer to help me? You can host a clicker bunny\nseminar for your shelter or organization or join the clicker critters\ndiscussion group.\n\nWhere can I buy fun toys, food and other great stuff for my bunny? Visit Small\nPet Select for all your rabbit needs \n \n--- \n|\n\nTestimonials\n\nBuy the book (print version: from Amazon)\n\nAttention newsletter editors - We would be pleased to submit an article about\nrabbit clicker training for your newsletter: contact us\n\nContact the authors by email or by phone 877-350-3232\n\nIf you are interested in bulk orders for resale please contact Fran at KPCT -\nSunshine Books. \n \n--- \n \nThis website provides information for anyone wanting to learn about clicker\ntraining and its application to small pets. Clicker training is effective for\nall types of pets. Pets mentioned in these pages include: rabbit, bunny,\ngerbil, hamster, mouse, rat, ferret, guinea pig, sugar glider, flying\nsquirrel, chinchilla and degu. There are articles about clicker training,\nclicker videos, information about rabbit care, housing feeding and training as\nwell as information about rabbit behavior.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201111204730/http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Training Your Rabbit","passages":["We have to be honest. Most people will not be able to obedience train a rabbit the way they might be able to train a dog. This does NOT mean rabbits are stupid. Quite the contrary! A rabbit may understand very clearly that you are trying to get him to do something, but will simply give you a baleful stare and continue doing his business as if to say, \"Yeah, I hear you. But what's in it for me?\" This irritates you until a minute later, when your adorably manipulative bunny comes running for kisses and cuddles.","Let's compare a rabbit to a dog, that quintissential model of (potential) obedience. The ancestral dog was a cooperative pack animal. He was utterly submissive to his alpha dog: the chief of the pack. Humans took that characteristic and bred domestic dogs to have a very strong desire to please their new","Now consider the rabbit. The wild rabbits from which our domestic friends are descended are indeed social creatures--but they are herbivores who have not had the evolutionary pressure to be highly cooperative. The family group lives in a series of excavated tunnels (the warren) in the earth. There is a social hierarchy, but it is generally based on which rabbit is the strongest and toughest. Rabbits cooperate only in the sense their evolutionarily programmed alarm systems benefit the entire warren. Rabbits can certainly be extremely affectionate with one another, but they also have distinct likes and dislikes of other rabbits. It's often impossible for a human to guess which rabbits will fall in love, and which ones will hate each other from the start and never learn to get along. Surprisingly, it's often easier for a rabbit to get along with a human, cat, dog, guinea pig or other animal than with an unfamiliar member of his/her own species.","Unlike dogs, rabbits have no innate desire to please an alpha. If the human caregiver becomes so frustrated with the apparent disobedience of the rabbit that s/he becomes physically abusive, the rabbit will begin to consider the human as an enemy, and never forget the physical punishment. Hitting a rabbit is not only dangerous to the animal (the skeleton is extremely fragile), but unproductive. The rabbit subjected to physical punishment may become extremely aggressive, hopelessly fearful or--believe it or not--vindictive. With love and patience, the human caregiver can teach the bunny what is acceptable and what is not. The only effective way to train a rabbit away from undesirable behaviors is with positive reinforcement and very gentle negative reinforcement, such as a squirt with a water bottle and a firm \"No!\" when the bunny is being naughty.","...Which brings us to the question, \"What is \"naughty\" for a rabbit?\" The human caregiver must accept that certain behaviors we might consider objectionable (e.g., chewing furniture, digging carpet, marking with urine in a corner) are not naughty to the bunny, and are, in fact, extensions of the rabbits natural behavior. If the bunny is chewing furniture, you can dab some nail biting remedy on the problem areas--but don't forget to provide the bunny with chew toys (untreated wicker baskets, clean, tape and staple-free cardboard boxes, untreated pine molding, macaw-safe chew toys, etc.) as a substitute. If the bunny is digging carpet, and you don't have access to a safe, fenced area where the bunny can have some supervised digging time, cover the problem areas with 100% cotton bath mats and provide a large litterbox full of organic litter and shredded paper or a paper grocery bag filled with fresh grass hay. If the bunny is insistent about using a particular corner for urination, even after repeated warnings and white vinegar deodorizing, give in and put a color-coordinated litterbox in that corner.","Living with a rabbit can mean learning to compromise, but it tends to make us better, more toleratnt people in the long run. We highly recommend it!","Spay/Neuter: The First Step The most important thing to remember is that your rabbit is very unlikely to retain reliable litterbox habits upon reaching sexual maturity unless she is spayed/he is neutered. Sex hormones give a rabbit an uncontrollable desire to mark the territory with urine and specially scented fecal pellets. Spay/neuter will eliminate/greatly reduce this drive, as well as eliminate the risk of uterine/ovarian cancer and unwanted pregnancy in females. And let's not forget the huge relief from endless sexual frustration that spayed/neutered animals enjoy.","To train your rabbit to use a litterbox in a selected area, choose a litterbox that is the right size for the bunny. Don't force a tiny dwarf rabbit to leap into an enormous, high-sided box designed for a gigantic cat--and don't make your French Lop squeeze his big frame into a toaster-sized toilet. The litterbox should be comfortable, and located in a quiet, private place.","What Type of Litters are Safe for Rabbits? Be sure to use ORGANIC litter in the box. Clay litters--especially clumping litters--are inexpensive, but very unhealthy for two reasons. First, the inhaled clay dust can cause respiratory problems. Second, when ingested as dust licked off paws or as a crunchy treat straight from the box (yes, some of them do it!), the highly dehydrated clay litter absorbs vital fluids from the intestine itself and can cause serious impactions and intestinal slowdowns. Clay litter is not healthy for rabbits or cats.","Organic litters include those made from recycled paper products (e.g. Carefresh, Nature Fresh), pelleted wood sawdust (e.g. Feline Pine, Aspen pellets) or other pelleted organic products. We strongly advise against the use of CatWorks organic litter, however. This particular brand of litter contains a binder with a very high zinc content. We know of at least one confirmed death due to zinc poisoning in a bunny who ingested CatWorks.","Do not use cedar or pine shavings (even those cute, dyed green ones that supposedly contain active chlorophyll--which they don't), as these produce potent aromatic compounds that can potentiate (i.e., increase the effect of) liver enzymes. This can be a problem if the bunny is taking any type of medication or if s/he's facing possible anesthesia. Because the liver is intimately involved with the metabolism of many drugs, their effects in the rabbit will be unpredictable if the bunny is also metabolizing aromatic compounds from wood shavings.","Now that you have set up a safe, comfortable box, put it in an area where the bunny can be comfortably confined for a few days, except for brief excursions for run and play. You can place the box inside the indoor hutch, tuck it behind the john in the bathroom, or place it in a corner of the laundry room: whatever is convenient as well as attractive to the bunny.","Use a baby gate to enclose the bunny in the selected room with his litterbox, and be sure to provide plenty of toys, food, water and comfortable places to sleep. This will be bunny's home base and should be as inviting as you can make it. It may take a few days for the bunny to reliably use the box, as he may mark the area thoroughly as he settles in. It may help to soak or sweep up \"accidents\" (they're not accidents) with a bit of tissue and put the tissue in the box. He'll get the idea! Like cats, most rabbits prefer to do their biz in a nice, absorbent spot such as a clean litterbox.","It often helps to put a handful of timothy hay in a clean corner of the litterbox to encourage use of the box. A rabbit will often sit in the box, happily munching at one end, while the processed product comes out the other end. This may seem a bit disgusting to a human, but rabbits don't consider their feces to be dirty. Some rabbits will even nap in the litterbox! As long as the litterbox is changed regularly, this should pose no problem: rabbit fecal pellets are hard, dry and relatively odorless. In fact, rabbit litterbox leavings are just about the best natural, organic fertilizer you can get for your garden! Grow an herb garden, fertilize with bunny's litterbox leftovers (including the organic litter) and enjoy the ultimate in recycling!","Once your bunny is reliable about using the litterbox in his area, you can gradually increase his freedom. Be sure that he can always get back to his litterbox when he's free in the house. There's a possibility that he may pick a second area in the house as a toilet corner. If the behavior continues, even after squirt bottle and white vinegar, you may have to raise the white flag and provide another litterbox or two. But bunny's litterbox should not smell if it's changed regularly.","For more tips and information on litter box training your bunny, be sure to visit House Rabbit Society FAQ on Litter Training."]},"parsed_md":"Training Your Rabbit\n\n## Training Your Rabbit: Reality 101\n\n###\n\nby Dana Krempels, Ph.D.\n\n## Obedience Training\n\nWe have to be honest. Most people will not be able to obedience train a rabbit\nthe way they might be able to train a dog. This does NOT mean rabbits are\nstupid. Quite the contrary! A rabbit may understand very clearly that you are\ntrying to get him to do something, but will simply give you a baleful stare\nand continue doing his business as if to say, \"Yeah, I hear you. But what's in\nit for me?\" This irritates you until a minute later, when your adorably\nmanipulative bunny comes running for kisses and cuddles.\n\nQuestion: Are rabbits intelligent? Answer: Your college kid should be this\nsmart.\n\nQuestion: Do rabbits like to obey? Answer: Hahahahahaha.\n\n## Why is a Rabbit Not Like a Dog?\n\nLet's compare a rabbit to a dog, that quintissential model of (potential)\nobedience. The ancestral dog was a cooperative pack animal. He was utterly\nsubmissive to his alpha dog: the chief of the pack. Humans took that\ncharacteristic and bred domestic dogs to have a very strong desire to please\ntheir *new* alpha, the Human Master. Most dogs have a puppylike desire to\nplease their perceived alpha, and this is what makes them so easy to train (at\nleast in the hands of an experienced dog trainer who understands the way a\ndog's mind works).\n\nNow consider the rabbit. The wild rabbits from which our domestic friends are\ndescended are indeed social creatures--but they are herbivores who have not\nhad the evolutionary pressure to be highly cooperative. The family group lives\nin a series of excavated tunnels (the warren) in the earth. There is a social\nhierarchy, but it is generally based on which rabbit is the strongest and\ntoughest. Rabbits cooperate only in the sense their evolutionarily programmed\nalarm systems benefit the entire warren. Rabbits can certainly be extremely\naffectionate with one another, but they also have distinct likes and dislikes\nof other rabbits. It's often impossible for a human to guess which rabbits\nwill fall in love, and which ones will hate each other from the start and\nnever learn to get along. Surprisingly, it's often easier for a rabbit to get\nalong with a human, cat, dog, guinea pig or other animal than with an\nunfamiliar member of his/her own species.\n\nUnlike dogs, rabbits have no innate desire to please an alpha. If the human\ncaregiver becomes so frustrated with the apparent disobedience of the rabbit\nthat s/he becomes physically abusive, the rabbit will begin to consider the\nhuman as an enemy, and never forget the physical punishment. Hitting a rabbit\nis not only dangerous to the animal (the skeleton is extremely fragile), but\nunproductive. The rabbit subjected to physical punishment may become extremely\naggressive, hopelessly fearful or--believe it or not--vindictive. With love\nand patience, the human caregiver can teach the bunny what is acceptable and\nwhat is not. The only effective way to train a rabbit away from undesirable\nbehaviors is with positive reinforcement and very gentle negative\nreinforcement, such as a squirt with a water bottle and a firm \"No!\" when the\nbunny is being naughty.\n\n## Naughty is as Naughty Does\n\n...Which brings us to the question, \"What is \"naughty\" for a rabbit?\" The\nhuman caregiver must accept that certain behaviors we might consider\nobjectionable (e.g., chewing furniture, digging carpet, marking with urine in\na corner) are not naughty to the bunny, and are, in fact, extensions of the\nrabbits natural behavior. If the bunny is chewing furniture, you can dab some\nnail biting remedy on the problem areas--but don't forget to provide the bunny\nwith chew toys (untreated wicker baskets, clean, tape and staple-free\ncardboard boxes, untreated pine molding, macaw-safe chew toys, etc.) as a\nsubstitute. If the bunny is digging carpet, and you don't have access to a\nsafe, fenced area where the bunny can have some supervised digging time, cover\nthe problem areas with 100% cotton bath mats and provide a large litterbox\nfull of organic litter and shredded paper or a paper grocery bag filled with\nfresh grass hay. If the bunny is insistent about using a particular corner for\nurination, even after repeated warnings and white vinegar deodorizing, give in\nand put a color-coordinated litterbox in that corner.\n\nLiving with a rabbit can mean learning to compromise, but it tends to make us\nbetter, more toleratnt people in the long run. We highly recommend it!\n\n## Learning to Use the Litterbox\n\nSpay/Neuter: The First Step The most important thing to remember is that your\nrabbit is very unlikely to retain reliable litterbox habits upon reaching\nsexual maturity unless she is spayed/he is neutered. Sex hormones give a\nrabbit an uncontrollable desire to mark the territory with urine and specially\nscented fecal pellets. Spay/neuter will eliminate/greatly reduce this drive,\nas well as eliminate the risk of uterine/ovarian cancer and unwanted pregnancy\nin females. And let's not forget the huge relief from endless sexual\nfrustration that spayed/neutered animals enjoy.\n\nGet the Right Box!\n\nTo train your rabbit to use a litterbox in a selected area, choose a litterbox\nthat is the right size for the bunny. Don't force a tiny dwarf rabbit to leap\ninto an enormous, high-sided box designed for a gigantic cat--and don't make\nyour French Lop squeeze his big frame into a toaster-sized toilet. The\nlitterbox should be comfortable, and located in a quiet, private place.\n\nWhat Type of Litters are Safe for Rabbits? Be sure to use ORGANIC litter in\nthe box. Clay litters--especially clumping litters--are inexpensive, but very\nunhealthy for two reasons. First, the inhaled clay dust can cause respiratory\nproblems. Second, when ingested as dust licked off paws or as a crunchy treat\nstraight from the box (yes, some of them do it!), the highly dehydrated clay\nlitter absorbs vital fluids from the intestine itself and can cause serious\nimpactions and intestinal slowdowns. Clay litter is not healthy for rabbits or\ncats.\n\nOrganic litters include those made from recycled paper products (e.g.\nCarefresh, Nature Fresh), pelleted wood sawdust (e.g. Feline Pine, Aspen\npellets) or other pelleted organic products. We strongly advise against the\nuse of CatWorks organic litter, however. This particular brand of litter\ncontains a binder with a very high zinc content. We know of at least one\nconfirmed death due to zinc poisoning in a bunny who ingested CatWorks.\n\nDo not use cedar or pine shavings (even those cute, dyed green ones that\nsupposedly contain active chlorophyll--which they don't), as these produce\npotent aromatic compounds that can potentiate (i.e., increase the effect of)\nliver enzymes. This can be a problem if the bunny is taking any type of\nmedication or if s/he's facing possible anesthesia. Because the liver is\nintimately involved with the metabolism of many drugs, their effects in the\nrabbit will be unpredictable if the bunny is also metabolizing aromatic\ncompounds from wood shavings.\n\n## Getting Bunny to Use the Box\n\nNow that you have set up a safe, comfortable box, put it in an area where the\nbunny can be comfortably confined for a few days, except for brief excursions\nfor run and play. You can place the box inside the indoor hutch, tuck it\nbehind the john in the bathroom, or place it in a corner of the laundry room:\nwhatever is convenient as well as attractive to the bunny.\n\nUse a baby gate to enclose the bunny in the selected room with his litterbox,\nand be sure to provide plenty of toys, food, water and comfortable places to\nsleep. This will be bunny's home base and should be as inviting as you can\nmake it. It may take a few days for the bunny to reliably use the box, as he\nmay mark the area thoroughly as he settles in. It may help to soak or sweep up\n\"accidents\" (they're not accidents) with a bit of tissue and put the tissue in\nthe box. He'll get the idea! Like cats, most rabbits prefer to do their biz in\na nice, absorbent spot such as a clean litterbox.\n\nIt often helps to put a handful of timothy hay in a clean corner of the\nlitterbox to encourage use of the box. A rabbit will often sit in the box,\nhappily munching at one end, while the processed product comes out the other\nend. This may seem a bit disgusting to a human, but rabbits don't consider\ntheir feces to be dirty. Some rabbits will even nap in the litterbox! As long\nas the litterbox is changed regularly, this should pose no problem: rabbit\nfecal pellets are hard, dry and relatively odorless. In fact, rabbit litterbox\nleavings are just about the best natural, organic fertilizer you can get for\nyour garden! Grow an herb garden, fertilize with bunny's litterbox leftovers\n(including the organic litter) and enjoy the ultimate in recycling!\n\nOnce your bunny is reliable about using the litterbox in his area, you can\ngradually increase his freedom. Be sure that he can always get back to his\nlitterbox when he's free in the house. There's a possibility that he may pick\na second area in the house as a toilet corner. If the behavior continues, even\nafter squirt bottle and white vinegar, you may have to raise the white flag\nand provide another litterbox or two. But bunny's litterbox should not smell\nif it's changed regularly.\n\nFor more tips and information on litter box training your bunny, be sure to\nvisit House Rabbit Society FAQ on Litter Training.\n\n#### copyright 1998 - Dana Krempels updated 27 May 2009\n\n####\n\n* Back to Rabbit Health Central\n* Join EtherBun, a free listserve about rabbit health, care and behavior.\n* Return to H.A.R.E..\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421094959/http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"rabbit feeding guide for training","passages":["Clicker training is a terrific way to train your rabbit, but it does involve the use of food. The results can be so fast and almost magical and the rabbit can be having so much fun, that it is tempting to get carried away and give the rabbit far too much of a food treat that it really likes. Over-feeding a rabbit can lead to obesity and even to death if too much of a new food is given all at once. The best way to use food in rabbit training is to measure out the ration of pellets, fruits vegetables and small amount of treats for the day and use these in training. When they are used up, the training is over for the day. This way the rabbit is not getting more food than it needs. Any of the day's ration not used for training can be just given to the rabbit at the usual feeding time. If there is no training session, the rabbit would still get its allotment of veggies, but would not get any training treats for free. It is critical that rabbits have free access to hay at all times. Never withhold food from a rabbit to make it hungry for training. A rabbit's digestive tract must be operating at all times and the rabbit must always have hay in its cage.","Refer to the House Rabbit Society website at www.rabbit.org for additional feeding information and recommendations for baby, juvenile and senior rabbits and to www.carrotcafe.com for detailed information about what to feed, how much to feed and why."]},"parsed_md":"rabbit feeding guide for training\n\nRabbit Training Treats Guide \n \n--- \n \nClicker training is a terrific way to train your rabbit, but it does involve\nthe use of food. The results can be so fast and almost magical and the rabbit\ncan be having so much fun, that it is tempting to get carried away and give\nthe rabbit far too much of a food treat that it really likes. Over-feeding a\nrabbit can lead to obesity and even to death if too much of a new food is\ngiven all at once. The best way to use food in rabbit training is to measure\nout the ration of pellets, fruits vegetables and small amount of treats for\nthe day and use these in training. When they are used up, the training is over\nfor the day. This way the rabbit is not getting more food than it needs. Any\nof the day's ration not used for training can be just given to the rabbit at\nthe usual feeding time. If there is no training session, the rabbit would\nstill get its allotment of veggies, but would not get any training treats for\nfree. It is critical that rabbits have free access to hay at all times. Never\nwithhold food from a rabbit to make it hungry for training. A rabbit's\ndigestive tract must be operating at all times and the rabbit must always have\nhay in its cage.\n\nRefer to the House Rabbit Society website at www.rabbit.org for additional\nfeeding information and recommendations for baby, juvenile and senior rabbits\nand to www.carrotcafe.com for detailed information about what to feed, how\nmuch to feed and why.\n\nHealthy, recommended food (can be used as training treats)\n\nFresh veggies,(2 cups per 6 lbs body weight per day):\n\n * Carrots (2-4 inches of carrot maximum per day)\n\n * Carrot, beet, and radish tops\n\n * Celery (remove the strings)\n\n * Mustard or collard greens\n\n * Cilantro\n\n * Clover\n\n * Dandelion flowers and leaves\n\n * Parsley\n\n * Brussel sprouts\n\n * Green peppers\n\n * Broccoli (leaves and stems)\n\n * Alfalfa, radish and clover sprouts\n\n * Romaine lettuce (not iceberg)\n\nRabbit food timothy pellets (1/4-1/2 cup per 6 lbs body weight per day)\n\nOkay in small amounts\n\nRaisins (two or three per day)\n\nFresh fruit (up to 2 oz per 6 lbs body weight per day):\n\n * Apple\n\n * Banana\n\n * Peach\n\n * Grapes\n\n * Strawberries\n\n * Raspberries\n\n * Blueberries\n\n * Melon\n\n * Orange rind\n\nSpinach\n\nKale\n\nShredded wheat or other whole grain breakfast cereal with no sugar added\n\nNot recommended for rabbits\n\nProcessed crackers or cookies\n\nTreats with meat\n\nSeeds and nuts, including apple seeds\n\nChocolate\n\nHigh sugar, high fat breakfast cereal\n\nPeas\n\nPotatoes\n\nCorn\n\nIceberg lettuce\n\nCommercial rabbit treats (high in fat and sugar)\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.clickerbunny.com/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628084443/http://www.clickerbunny.com/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Rabbit training resources\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Who me? Train my rabbit? Of course you can train your rabbit, and this delightful book explains exactly how to do it.\",\n \"Why train my rabbit? Why indeed ... to have fun, improve quality of life, use a litter box, come when called, get along with others and more.\",\n \"When is there time to train my rabbit? Train him at feeding time and 5 minutes here, 3 minutes there. Anyone has time to train a bunny.\",\n \"How can I get started? Click here to buy the book and get clicking with your rabbit. (You will be transferred to the KPCT webstore for your purchase)\",\n \"Where can I find a rabbit trainer to help me? You can host a clicker bunny seminar for your shelter or organization or join the clicker critters discussion group.\",\n \"Where can I buy fun toys, food and other great stuff for my bunny? Visit Small Pet Select for all your rabbit needs\",\n \"Attention newsletter editors - We would be pleased to submit an article about rabbit clicker training for your newsletter: contact us\",\n \"This website provides information for anyone wanting to learn about clicker training and its application to small pets. Clicker training is effective for all types of pets. Pets mentioned in these pages include: rabbit, bunny, gerbil, hamster, mouse, rat, ferret, guinea pig, sugar glider, flying squirrel, chinchilla and degu. There are articles about clicker training, clicker videos, information about rabbit care, housing feeding and training as well as information about rabbit behavior.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Clicker Bunny - Rabbit training resources\\n\\nWho me? Train my rabbit? Of course you can train your rabbit, and this\\ndelightful book explains exactly how to do it.\\n\\nWhy train my rabbit? Why indeed ... to have fun, improve quality of life, use\\na litter box, come when called, get along with others and more.\\n\\nWhen is there time to train my rabbit? Train him at feeding time and 5 minutes\\nhere, 3 minutes there. Anyone has time to train a bunny.\\n\\nWhat stuff do I need? All you need is a clicker and food that your bunny\\nlikes.\\n\\nHow can I get started? Click here to buy the book and get clicking with your\\nrabbit. (You will be transferred to the KPCT webstore for your purchase)\\n\\nWhere can I find a rabbit trainer to help me? You can host a clicker bunny\\nseminar for your shelter or organization or join the clicker critters\\ndiscussion group.\\n\\nWhere can I buy fun toys, food and other great stuff for my bunny? Visit Small\\nPet Select for all your rabbit needs \\n \\n--- \\n|\\n\\nTestimonials\\n\\nBuy the book (print version: from Amazon)\\n\\nAttention newsletter editors - We would be pleased to submit an article about\\nrabbit clicker training for your newsletter: contact us\\n\\nContact the authors by email or by phone 877-350-3232\\n\\nIf you are interested in bulk orders for resale please contact Fran at KPCT -\\nSunshine Books. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nThis website provides information for anyone wanting to learn about clicker\\ntraining and its application to small pets. Clicker training is effective for\\nall types of pets. Pets mentioned in these pages include: rabbit, bunny,\\ngerbil, hamster, mouse, rat, ferret, guinea pig, sugar glider, flying\\nsquirrel, chinchilla and degu. There are articles about clicker training,\\nclicker videos, information about rabbit care, housing feeding and training as\\nwell as information about rabbit behavior.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201111204730/http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Training Your Rabbit\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"We have to be honest. Most people will not be able to obedience train a rabbit the way they might be able to train a dog. This does NOT mean rabbits are stupid. Quite the contrary! A rabbit may understand very clearly that you are trying to get him to do something, but will simply give you a baleful stare and continue doing his business as if to say, \\\"Yeah, I hear you. But what's in it for me?\\\" This irritates you until a minute later, when your adorably manipulative bunny comes running for kisses and cuddles.\",\n \"Let's compare a rabbit to a dog, that quintissential model of (potential) obedience. The ancestral dog was a cooperative pack animal. He was utterly submissive to his alpha dog: the chief of the pack. Humans took that characteristic and bred domestic dogs to have a very strong desire to please their new\",\n \"Now consider the rabbit. The wild rabbits from which our domestic friends are descended are indeed social creatures--but they are herbivores who have not had the evolutionary pressure to be highly cooperative. The family group lives in a series of excavated tunnels (the warren) in the earth. There is a social hierarchy, but it is generally based on which rabbit is the strongest and toughest. Rabbits cooperate only in the sense their evolutionarily programmed alarm systems benefit the entire warren. Rabbits can certainly be extremely affectionate with one another, but they also have distinct likes and dislikes of other rabbits. It's often impossible for a human to guess which rabbits will fall in love, and which ones will hate each other from the start and never learn to get along. Surprisingly, it's often easier for a rabbit to get along with a human, cat, dog, guinea pig or other animal than with an unfamiliar member of his/her own species.\",\n \"Unlike dogs, rabbits have no innate desire to please an alpha. If the human caregiver becomes so frustrated with the apparent disobedience of the rabbit that s/he becomes physically abusive, the rabbit will begin to consider the human as an enemy, and never forget the physical punishment. Hitting a rabbit is not only dangerous to the animal (the skeleton is extremely fragile), but unproductive. The rabbit subjected to physical punishment may become extremely aggressive, hopelessly fearful or--believe it or not--vindictive. With love and patience, the human caregiver can teach the bunny what is acceptable and what is not. The only effective way to train a rabbit away from undesirable behaviors is with positive reinforcement and very gentle negative reinforcement, such as a squirt with a water bottle and a firm \\\"No!\\\" when the bunny is being naughty.\",\n \"...Which brings us to the question, \\\"What is \\\"naughty\\\" for a rabbit?\\\" The human caregiver must accept that certain behaviors we might consider objectionable (e.g., chewing furniture, digging carpet, marking with urine in a corner) are not naughty to the bunny, and are, in fact, extensions of the rabbits natural behavior. If the bunny is chewing furniture, you can dab some nail biting remedy on the problem areas--but don't forget to provide the bunny with chew toys (untreated wicker baskets, clean, tape and staple-free cardboard boxes, untreated pine molding, macaw-safe chew toys, etc.) as a substitute. If the bunny is digging carpet, and you don't have access to a safe, fenced area where the bunny can have some supervised digging time, cover the problem areas with 100% cotton bath mats and provide a large litterbox full of organic litter and shredded paper or a paper grocery bag filled with fresh grass hay. If the bunny is insistent about using a particular corner for urination, even after repeated warnings and white vinegar deodorizing, give in and put a color-coordinated litterbox in that corner.\",\n \"Living with a rabbit can mean learning to compromise, but it tends to make us better, more toleratnt people in the long run. We highly recommend it!\",\n \"Spay/Neuter: The First Step The most important thing to remember is that your rabbit is very unlikely to retain reliable litterbox habits upon reaching sexual maturity unless she is spayed/he is neutered. Sex hormones give a rabbit an uncontrollable desire to mark the territory with urine and specially scented fecal pellets. Spay/neuter will eliminate/greatly reduce this drive, as well as eliminate the risk of uterine/ovarian cancer and unwanted pregnancy in females. And let's not forget the huge relief from endless sexual frustration that spayed/neutered animals enjoy.\",\n \"To train your rabbit to use a litterbox in a selected area, choose a litterbox that is the right size for the bunny. Don't force a tiny dwarf rabbit to leap into an enormous, high-sided box designed for a gigantic cat--and don't make your French Lop squeeze his big frame into a toaster-sized toilet. The litterbox should be comfortable, and located in a quiet, private place.\",\n \"What Type of Litters are Safe for Rabbits? Be sure to use ORGANIC litter in the box. Clay litters--especially clumping litters--are inexpensive, but very unhealthy for two reasons. First, the inhaled clay dust can cause respiratory problems. Second, when ingested as dust licked off paws or as a crunchy treat straight from the box (yes, some of them do it!), the highly dehydrated clay litter absorbs vital fluids from the intestine itself and can cause serious impactions and intestinal slowdowns. Clay litter is not healthy for rabbits or cats.\",\n \"Organic litters include those made from recycled paper products (e.g. Carefresh, Nature Fresh), pelleted wood sawdust (e.g. Feline Pine, Aspen pellets) or other pelleted organic products. We strongly advise against the use of CatWorks organic litter, however. This particular brand of litter contains a binder with a very high zinc content. We know of at least one confirmed death due to zinc poisoning in a bunny who ingested CatWorks.\",\n \"Do not use cedar or pine shavings (even those cute, dyed green ones that supposedly contain active chlorophyll--which they don't), as these produce potent aromatic compounds that can potentiate (i.e., increase the effect of) liver enzymes. This can be a problem if the bunny is taking any type of medication or if s/he's facing possible anesthesia. Because the liver is intimately involved with the metabolism of many drugs, their effects in the rabbit will be unpredictable if the bunny is also metabolizing aromatic compounds from wood shavings.\",\n \"Now that you have set up a safe, comfortable box, put it in an area where the bunny can be comfortably confined for a few days, except for brief excursions for run and play. You can place the box inside the indoor hutch, tuck it behind the john in the bathroom, or place it in a corner of the laundry room: whatever is convenient as well as attractive to the bunny.\",\n \"Use a baby gate to enclose the bunny in the selected room with his litterbox, and be sure to provide plenty of toys, food, water and comfortable places to sleep. This will be bunny's home base and should be as inviting as you can make it. It may take a few days for the bunny to reliably use the box, as he may mark the area thoroughly as he settles in. It may help to soak or sweep up \\\"accidents\\\" (they're not accidents) with a bit of tissue and put the tissue in the box. He'll get the idea! Like cats, most rabbits prefer to do their biz in a nice, absorbent spot such as a clean litterbox.\",\n \"It often helps to put a handful of timothy hay in a clean corner of the litterbox to encourage use of the box. A rabbit will often sit in the box, happily munching at one end, while the processed product comes out the other end. This may seem a bit disgusting to a human, but rabbits don't consider their feces to be dirty. Some rabbits will even nap in the litterbox! As long as the litterbox is changed regularly, this should pose no problem: rabbit fecal pellets are hard, dry and relatively odorless. In fact, rabbit litterbox leavings are just about the best natural, organic fertilizer you can get for your garden! Grow an herb garden, fertilize with bunny's litterbox leftovers (including the organic litter) and enjoy the ultimate in recycling!\",\n \"Once your bunny is reliable about using the litterbox in his area, you can gradually increase his freedom. Be sure that he can always get back to his litterbox when he's free in the house. There's a possibility that he may pick a second area in the house as a toilet corner. If the behavior continues, even after squirt bottle and white vinegar, you may have to raise the white flag and provide another litterbox or two. But bunny's litterbox should not smell if it's changed regularly.\",\n \"For more tips and information on litter box training your bunny, be sure to visit House Rabbit Society FAQ on Litter Training.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Training Your Rabbit\\n\\n## Training Your Rabbit: Reality 101\\n\\n###\\n\\nby Dana Krempels, Ph.D.\\n\\n## Obedience Training\\n\\nWe have to be honest. Most people will not be able to obedience train a rabbit\\nthe way they might be able to train a dog. This does NOT mean rabbits are\\nstupid. Quite the contrary! A rabbit may understand very clearly that you are\\ntrying to get him to do something, but will simply give you a baleful stare\\nand continue doing his business as if to say, \\\"Yeah, I hear you. But what's in\\nit for me?\\\" This irritates you until a minute later, when your adorably\\nmanipulative bunny comes running for kisses and cuddles.\\n\\nQuestion: Are rabbits intelligent? Answer: Your college kid should be this\\nsmart.\\n\\nQuestion: Do rabbits like to obey? Answer: Hahahahahaha.\\n\\n## Why is a Rabbit Not Like a Dog?\\n\\nLet's compare a rabbit to a dog, that quintissential model of (potential)\\nobedience. The ancestral dog was a cooperative pack animal. He was utterly\\nsubmissive to his alpha dog: the chief of the pack. Humans took that\\ncharacteristic and bred domestic dogs to have a very strong desire to please\\ntheir *new* alpha, the Human Master. Most dogs have a puppylike desire to\\nplease their perceived alpha, and this is what makes them so easy to train (at\\nleast in the hands of an experienced dog trainer who understands the way a\\ndog's mind works).\\n\\nNow consider the rabbit. The wild rabbits from which our domestic friends are\\ndescended are indeed social creatures--but they are herbivores who have not\\nhad the evolutionary pressure to be highly cooperative. The family group lives\\nin a series of excavated tunnels (the warren) in the earth. There is a social\\nhierarchy, but it is generally based on which rabbit is the strongest and\\ntoughest. Rabbits cooperate only in the sense their evolutionarily programmed\\nalarm systems benefit the entire warren. Rabbits can certainly be extremely\\naffectionate with one another, but they also have distinct likes and dislikes\\nof other rabbits. It's often impossible for a human to guess which rabbits\\nwill fall in love, and which ones will hate each other from the start and\\nnever learn to get along. Surprisingly, it's often easier for a rabbit to get\\nalong with a human, cat, dog, guinea pig or other animal than with an\\nunfamiliar member of his/her own species.\\n\\nUnlike dogs, rabbits have no innate desire to please an alpha. If the human\\ncaregiver becomes so frustrated with the apparent disobedience of the rabbit\\nthat s/he becomes physically abusive, the rabbit will begin to consider the\\nhuman as an enemy, and never forget the physical punishment. Hitting a rabbit\\nis not only dangerous to the animal (the skeleton is extremely fragile), but\\nunproductive. The rabbit subjected to physical punishment may become extremely\\naggressive, hopelessly fearful or--believe it or not--vindictive. With love\\nand patience, the human caregiver can teach the bunny what is acceptable and\\nwhat is not. The only effective way to train a rabbit away from undesirable\\nbehaviors is with positive reinforcement and very gentle negative\\nreinforcement, such as a squirt with a water bottle and a firm \\\"No!\\\" when the\\nbunny is being naughty.\\n\\n## Naughty is as Naughty Does\\n\\n...Which brings us to the question, \\\"What is \\\"naughty\\\" for a rabbit?\\\" The\\nhuman caregiver must accept that certain behaviors we might consider\\nobjectionable (e.g., chewing furniture, digging carpet, marking with urine in\\na corner) are not naughty to the bunny, and are, in fact, extensions of the\\nrabbits natural behavior. If the bunny is chewing furniture, you can dab some\\nnail biting remedy on the problem areas--but don't forget to provide the bunny\\nwith chew toys (untreated wicker baskets, clean, tape and staple-free\\ncardboard boxes, untreated pine molding, macaw-safe chew toys, etc.) as a\\nsubstitute. If the bunny is digging carpet, and you don't have access to a\\nsafe, fenced area where the bunny can have some supervised digging time, cover\\nthe problem areas with 100% cotton bath mats and provide a large litterbox\\nfull of organic litter and shredded paper or a paper grocery bag filled with\\nfresh grass hay. If the bunny is insistent about using a particular corner for\\nurination, even after repeated warnings and white vinegar deodorizing, give in\\nand put a color-coordinated litterbox in that corner.\\n\\nLiving with a rabbit can mean learning to compromise, but it tends to make us\\nbetter, more toleratnt people in the long run. We highly recommend it!\\n\\n## Learning to Use the Litterbox\\n\\nSpay/Neuter: The First Step The most important thing to remember is that your\\nrabbit is very unlikely to retain reliable litterbox habits upon reaching\\nsexual maturity unless she is spayed/he is neutered. Sex hormones give a\\nrabbit an uncontrollable desire to mark the territory with urine and specially\\nscented fecal pellets. Spay/neuter will eliminate/greatly reduce this drive,\\nas well as eliminate the risk of uterine/ovarian cancer and unwanted pregnancy\\nin females. And let's not forget the huge relief from endless sexual\\nfrustration that spayed/neutered animals enjoy.\\n\\nGet the Right Box!\\n\\nTo train your rabbit to use a litterbox in a selected area, choose a litterbox\\nthat is the right size for the bunny. Don't force a tiny dwarf rabbit to leap\\ninto an enormous, high-sided box designed for a gigantic cat--and don't make\\nyour French Lop squeeze his big frame into a toaster-sized toilet. The\\nlitterbox should be comfortable, and located in a quiet, private place.\\n\\nWhat Type of Litters are Safe for Rabbits? Be sure to use ORGANIC litter in\\nthe box. Clay litters--especially clumping litters--are inexpensive, but very\\nunhealthy for two reasons. First, the inhaled clay dust can cause respiratory\\nproblems. Second, when ingested as dust licked off paws or as a crunchy treat\\nstraight from the box (yes, some of them do it!), the highly dehydrated clay\\nlitter absorbs vital fluids from the intestine itself and can cause serious\\nimpactions and intestinal slowdowns. Clay litter is not healthy for rabbits or\\ncats.\\n\\nOrganic litters include those made from recycled paper products (e.g.\\nCarefresh, Nature Fresh), pelleted wood sawdust (e.g. Feline Pine, Aspen\\npellets) or other pelleted organic products. We strongly advise against the\\nuse of CatWorks organic litter, however. This particular brand of litter\\ncontains a binder with a very high zinc content. We know of at least one\\nconfirmed death due to zinc poisoning in a bunny who ingested CatWorks.\\n\\nDo not use cedar or pine shavings (even those cute, dyed green ones that\\nsupposedly contain active chlorophyll--which they don't), as these produce\\npotent aromatic compounds that can potentiate (i.e., increase the effect of)\\nliver enzymes. This can be a problem if the bunny is taking any type of\\nmedication or if s/he's facing possible anesthesia. Because the liver is\\nintimately involved with the metabolism of many drugs, their effects in the\\nrabbit will be unpredictable if the bunny is also metabolizing aromatic\\ncompounds from wood shavings.\\n\\n## Getting Bunny to Use the Box\\n\\nNow that you have set up a safe, comfortable box, put it in an area where the\\nbunny can be comfortably confined for a few days, except for brief excursions\\nfor run and play. You can place the box inside the indoor hutch, tuck it\\nbehind the john in the bathroom, or place it in a corner of the laundry room:\\nwhatever is convenient as well as attractive to the bunny.\\n\\nUse a baby gate to enclose the bunny in the selected room with his litterbox,\\nand be sure to provide plenty of toys, food, water and comfortable places to\\nsleep. This will be bunny's home base and should be as inviting as you can\\nmake it. It may take a few days for the bunny to reliably use the box, as he\\nmay mark the area thoroughly as he settles in. It may help to soak or sweep up\\n\\\"accidents\\\" (they're not accidents) with a bit of tissue and put the tissue in\\nthe box. He'll get the idea! Like cats, most rabbits prefer to do their biz in\\na nice, absorbent spot such as a clean litterbox.\\n\\nIt often helps to put a handful of timothy hay in a clean corner of the\\nlitterbox to encourage use of the box. A rabbit will often sit in the box,\\nhappily munching at one end, while the processed product comes out the other\\nend. This may seem a bit disgusting to a human, but rabbits don't consider\\ntheir feces to be dirty. Some rabbits will even nap in the litterbox! As long\\nas the litterbox is changed regularly, this should pose no problem: rabbit\\nfecal pellets are hard, dry and relatively odorless. In fact, rabbit litterbox\\nleavings are just about the best natural, organic fertilizer you can get for\\nyour garden! Grow an herb garden, fertilize with bunny's litterbox leftovers\\n(including the organic litter) and enjoy the ultimate in recycling!\\n\\nOnce your bunny is reliable about using the litterbox in his area, you can\\ngradually increase his freedom. Be sure that he can always get back to his\\nlitterbox when he's free in the house. There's a possibility that he may pick\\na second area in the house as a toilet corner. If the behavior continues, even\\nafter squirt bottle and white vinegar, you may have to raise the white flag\\nand provide another litterbox or two. But bunny's litterbox should not smell\\nif it's changed regularly.\\n\\nFor more tips and information on litter box training your bunny, be sure to\\nvisit House Rabbit Society FAQ on Litter Training.\\n\\n#### copyright 1998 - Dana Krempels updated 27 May 2009\\n\\n####\\n\\n* Back to Rabbit Health Central\\n* Join EtherBun, a free listserve about rabbit health, care and behavior.\\n* Return to H.A.R.E..\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421094959/http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"rabbit feeding guide for training\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Clicker training is a terrific way to train your rabbit, but it does involve the use of food. The results can be so fast and almost magical and the rabbit can be having so much fun, that it is tempting to get carried away and give the rabbit far too much of a food treat that it really likes. Over-feeding a rabbit can lead to obesity and even to death if too much of a new food is given all at once. The best way to use food in rabbit training is to measure out the ration of pellets, fruits vegetables and small amount of treats for the day and use these in training. When they are used up, the training is over for the day. This way the rabbit is not getting more food than it needs. Any of the day's ration not used for training can be just given to the rabbit at the usual feeding time. If there is no training session, the rabbit would still get its allotment of veggies, but would not get any training treats for free. It is critical that rabbits have free access to hay at all times. Never withhold food from a rabbit to make it hungry for training. A rabbit's digestive tract must be operating at all times and the rabbit must always have hay in its cage.\",\n \"Refer to the House Rabbit Society website at www.rabbit.org for additional feeding information and recommendations for baby, juvenile and senior rabbits and to www.carrotcafe.com for detailed information about what to feed, how much to feed and why.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"rabbit feeding guide for training\\n\\nRabbit Training Treats Guide \\n \\n--- \\n \\nClicker training is a terrific way to train your rabbit, but it does involve\\nthe use of food. The results can be so fast and almost magical and the rabbit\\ncan be having so much fun, that it is tempting to get carried away and give\\nthe rabbit far too much of a food treat that it really likes. Over-feeding a\\nrabbit can lead to obesity and even to death if too much of a new food is\\ngiven all at once. The best way to use food in rabbit training is to measure\\nout the ration of pellets, fruits vegetables and small amount of treats for\\nthe day and use these in training. When they are used up, the training is over\\nfor the day. This way the rabbit is not getting more food than it needs. Any\\nof the day's ration not used for training can be just given to the rabbit at\\nthe usual feeding time. If there is no training session, the rabbit would\\nstill get its allotment of veggies, but would not get any training treats for\\nfree. It is critical that rabbits have free access to hay at all times. Never\\nwithhold food from a rabbit to make it hungry for training. A rabbit's\\ndigestive tract must be operating at all times and the rabbit must always have\\nhay in its cage.\\n\\nRefer to the House Rabbit Society website at www.rabbit.org for additional\\nfeeding information and recommendations for baby, juvenile and senior rabbits\\nand to www.carrotcafe.com for detailed information about what to feed, how\\nmuch to feed and why.\\n\\nHealthy, recommended food (can be used as training treats)\\n\\nFresh veggies,(2 cups per 6 lbs body weight per day):\\n\\n * Carrots (2-4 inches of carrot maximum per day)\\n\\n * Carrot, beet, and radish tops\\n\\n * Celery (remove the strings)\\n\\n * Mustard or collard greens\\n\\n * Cilantro\\n\\n * Clover\\n\\n * Dandelion flowers and leaves\\n\\n * Parsley\\n\\n * Brussel sprouts\\n\\n * Green peppers\\n\\n * Broccoli (leaves and stems)\\n\\n * Alfalfa, radish and clover sprouts\\n\\n * Romaine lettuce (not iceberg)\\n\\nRabbit food timothy pellets (1/4-1/2 cup per 6 lbs body weight per day)\\n\\nOkay in small amounts\\n\\nRaisins (two or three per day)\\n\\nFresh fruit (up to 2 oz per 6 lbs body weight per day):\\n\\n * Apple\\n\\n * Banana\\n\\n * Peach\\n\\n * Grapes\\n\\n * Strawberries\\n\\n * Raspberries\\n\\n * Blueberries\\n\\n * Melon\\n\\n * Orange rind\\n\\nSpinach\\n\\nKale\\n\\nShredded wheat or other whole grain breakfast cereal with no sugar added\\n\\nNot recommended for rabbits\\n\\nProcessed crackers or cookies\\n\\nTreats with meat\\n\\nSeeds and nuts, including apple seeds\\n\\nChocolate\\n\\nHigh sugar, high fat breakfast cereal\\n\\nPeas\\n\\nPotatoes\\n\\nCorn\\n\\nIceberg lettuce\\n\\nCommercial rabbit treats (high in fat and sugar)\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":360,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":9061,"string":"9,061"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Teach a Cat to Recognize Its Name"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To teach a cat to recognize its name, start by giving it treats whenever you say its name so it associates its name with a reward. Then, gradually increase the distance between you and your cat whenever you say its name. If your cat comes when called, give it a treat, and then increase the distance between the two of you a little bit more. Keep doing this until your cat responds when you call for it from a different room."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20190309080706/https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats","http://web.archive.org/web/20200730154917/http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/","http://web.archive.org/web/20161208114738/http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs","http://web.archive.org/web/20151013073822/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat","http://web.archive.org/web/20180706222910/http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20150905073404/http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190309080706/https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200730154917/http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161208114738/http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20151013073822/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180706222910/http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150905073404/http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":-1,"string":"-1"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190309080706/https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats","parsed_text":{"title":"Inherited deafness in white cats","passages":["In cats, inherited congenital (present from birth) deafness is seen almost exclusively in white coated individuals. The deafness is caused by degeneration of the auditory apparatus of the inner ear and may affect one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral).","Breeding studies have defined the relationship between deafness in white cats and blue eye colour. The gene responsible is an autosomal dominant gene termed W (for White). This gene appears to be pleiotropic – ie, it has more than one effect, being responsible for the white coat colour and also blue eyes and deafness. However, while the gene has complete penetrance for white coat colour (all cats that carry the gene will have a white coat), it has incomplete penetrance for blue eye colour and for deafness (but these two are strongly linked). Thus deafness is strongly linked to the white coat colour and blue eye colour, but not all white cats or white cats with blue eyes are necessarily deaf. The variable penetrance of deafness and eye colour may be caused by interplay with other genes and/or environmental factors.","The risk of deafness in relation to coat colour and eye colour is shown in the figure below. If deafness occurs, it may be either unilateral or bilateral.","Overall, deaf cats with white coat colour and one or both blue eyes, make up around about 1-1.5% of the total cat population. However, the prevalence of white cats does vary in different geographies.","If a white cat has 2 blue eyes, it is 3-5 times more likely to be deaf than a cat with 2 non-blue eyes, and a cat with 1 blue eye is about twice as likely to be deaf as a cat with 2 non-blue eyes. In addition, longhaired white cats are 3 times more likely to be bilaterally deaf. In a feral situation deaf white cats experience strong negative natural selection pressure as:","However, among pet cats it is much more common to find white cats, probably simply due to selective breeding (human preference and intervention). Many cat breeds are known to have the white coat gene and can, therefore, produce deaf white individuals. A number of breeds now insist on white cats being checked for deafness (e.g. using BAER testing – brainstem auditory evoked response ... this is a simple non-invasive test that can be performed at specialist centres to determine accurately whether deafness is present). These breeds do not allow deaf white cats to be bred from.","The information provided here has been put together by experts in feline health, behaviour and welfare. However, it is not intended to be used as a substitute for going to the vet."]},"parsed_md":"Inherited deafness in white cats | International Cat Care\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# International Cat Care\n\n## Translate this page\n\n## You are here\n\nHome » Inherited deafness in white cats » Inherited deafness in white cats\n\n# Inherited deafness in white cats\n\nIn cats, inherited congenital (present from birth) deafness is seen almost\nexclusively in white coated individuals. The deafness is caused by\ndegeneration of the auditory apparatus of the inner ear and may affect one ear\n(unilateral) or both ears (bilateral).\n\nBreeding studies have defined the relationship between deafness in white cats\nand blue eye colour. The gene responsible is an autosomal dominant gene termed\nW (for White). This gene appears to be pleiotropic – ie, it has more than one\neffect, being responsible for the white coat colour and also blue eyes and\ndeafness. However, while the gene has complete penetrance for white coat\ncolour (all cats that carry the gene will have a white coat), it has\nincomplete penetrance for blue eye colour and for deafness (but these two are\nstrongly linked). Thus deafness is strongly linked to the white coat colour\nand blue eye colour, but not all white cats or white cats with blue eyes are\nnecessarily deaf. The variable penetrance of deafness and eye colour may be\ncaused by interplay with other genes and/or environmental factors.\n\n## What is the risk of deafness in a white cat?\n\nThe risk of deafness in relation to coat colour and eye colour is shown in the\nfigure below. If deafness occurs, it may be either unilateral or bilateral.\n\nOverall, deaf cats with white coat colour and one or both blue eyes, make up\naround about 1-1.5% of the total cat population. However, the prevalence of\nwhite cats does vary in different geographies.\n\nIf a white cat has 2 blue eyes, it is 3-5 times more likely to be deaf than a\ncat with 2 non-blue eyes, and a cat with 1 blue eye is about twice as likely\nto be deaf as a cat with 2 non-blue eyes. In addition, longhaired white cats\nare 3 times more likely to be bilaterally deaf. In a feral situation deaf\nwhite cats experience strong negative natural selection pressure as:\n\n * They are deaf\n * They are photophobic (intolerant of bright light because of the blue eyes)\n * They have reduced vision in low light conditions\n\nHowever, among pet cats it is much more common to find white cats, probably\nsimply due to selective breeding (human preference and intervention). Many cat\nbreeds are known to have the white coat gene and can, therefore, produce deaf\nwhite individuals. A number of breeds now insist on white cats being checked\nfor deafness (e.g. using BAER testing – brainstem auditory evoked response ...\nthis is a simple non-invasive test that can be performed at specialist centres\nto determine accurately whether deafness is present). These breeds do not\nallow deaf white cats to be bred from.\n\n> Donate now Your gift will make the difference\n\nGet Social! Like, Follow and Pin us to stay up to date with our work\n\n## WSAVA\n\nThe World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) fully endorses the owner\ninformation on this website.\n\n## Important\n\nThe information provided here has been put together by experts in feline\nhealth, behaviour and welfare. However, it is not intended to be used as a\nsubstitute for going to the vet.\n\nIf your cat is unwell, please seek veterinary attention.\n\n## How we're helping cats\n\n * Our campaigns\n * Our welfare projects\n * Guidance for cat professionals\n * Improving veterinary care\n\n## All about cats\n\n * Getting a cat\n * Caring for your cat\n * Cat behaviour\n * Cat health\n\n## How you can support us\n\n * Make a donation\n * Our fundraising promise\n * Leave a legacy\n * Corporate giving\n\nInternational Cat Care's owner advice information is endorsed by:\n\nReg Charity 1117342 (England and Wales) Place Farm, Chilmark Road, Tisbury,\nWiltshire SP3 6LW, UK © 2017 International Cat Care\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200730154917/http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/","parsed_text":{"title":"The Basics of Cat Training « Cat Be Good","passages":["Nam sodales mi vitae dolor ullamcorper et vulputate enim accumsan. Morbi orci magna, tincidunt vitae molestie nec, molestie at mi. Nulla nulla lorem, suscipit in posuere in, interdum non magna.","Cats can be trained to come when called. Some will come running—even if asleep, hiding, or outside. Getting your cat to listen requires “Basic Training,” which is easier than it sounds. You don’t need squirt bottles or clickers. You’ll simply be able to talk to your cat and tell him what you want. And you’ll get it.","Cats will listen. They will come when called. (White cats often are deaf, but most cats aren’t hard of hearing.) They’ll even learn tricks and hand signals if you want them to.","Basic training builds strong and useful communication links between you and your cat. In this section, you’ll learn the three rules of basic training:","Be aware of how to talk to him. Only say his name when he’s good. Never use his name with “No.”","Also, throughout this website, suggestions are given on how to reward and reprimand certain good or bad behavior, such as scratching post training and aggression.","Never reprimand him for peeing outside his box. That is like punishing a child for wetting the bed. See Litter Box Problems.","Never use your cat’s name when giving a reprimand. Only use his name when giving praise, or calling him, or just talking with him. That way, he’ll always associate his name with something good.","If you know your cat is about to misbehave, distract him with petting or a toy. Or simply talk to him and say his name to divert his mischief.","Never reprimand him when he walks to you, or comes home. Always make coming home, or coming to you, a good and trustworthy experience.","Rewards are a necessary part of training. Reprimands only teach a cat what not to do. Rewards should be reserved for reinforcing good behavior. Sometimes a cat owner does not know that he or she actually is rewarding bad behavior. A popular example is when one cat is mean to another cat—the bully often gets the attention when it’s the victim that should be getting it all.","When the cat does something good, he needs to be recognized. Any attention or recognition given to him is a reward.","Rewards can be anything the cat likes. It can be a “great” reward, such as food and going outside, or something as simple and quick as a pet or kind word. Playing with a lure toy or being massaged or brushed also may be favorite rewards.","Another reward is simply to say your cat’s name anytime he’s good. You want to always have him know that when he hears his name, he is being good. Cut down on his guesswork. “Mommy said my name. I must be doing something good or she wouldn’t have said it!” Don’t say his name when what you mean is “I’m warning you.” And don’t say his name when he’s being a jerk.","Rule number three says to always make it a pleasure for your cat to come to you or to come home. This means that if your cat even simply walks to you, don’t do something he thinks is bad, such as giving him a pill, taking him indoors, or trimming a nail. If you must do something “bad” to your cat, go to him. And let your cat know he’s welcomed home. Even if he was gone for several hours, and even if he got in a cat fight outside, give him a treat and sound pleased to see him as soon as he’s in the house.","Food treats are listed in Cat Diet. Reserve food treats for when he’s been through something difficult. Besides making him feel better, this helps prevent stress-related behavior problems. Also remember to use a wet meal or treat to reinforce the “[come] here” command described in “Training Your Cat to Come When Called.”","Unless he’s really super-old, it’s best not to give food treats for no rhyme or reason. Indiscriminate treats can start nasty habits, like nagging and bugging you for little tidbits throughout the day.","When your cat gets into his carrier for a trip to the veterinarian, while at the vet’s office, and for the trip home","A loud, simple “No” is about the only reprimand you’ll need to use. Just say “No!” Do not say his name when you use the word “no.” But even “no” must be used with caution; use only as much force in the word “no” as the cat can handle. Some cats are easily offended.","Say “No” quickly in response to his walking on the counter, jumping on the stove, or scratching the sofa (but don’t start reprimanding for scratching the sofa until positive use of the scratching post has been ingrained for a few weeks). If he still doesn’t stop, say “No” again and loudly clap twice. Keep at him until he stops—even if you have to push him off the stove or counter or pick him up and carry him to his scratching post. He needs to know you mean business.","As soon as your cat stops doing the misbehavior, tell him he’s a good boy. Whenever a cat is not doing something bad, he is being good. It does not matter if he was bad just five minutes ago; if he’s good right now, he needs to hear “Good boy!”","Do not feed a cat or let him outside after seriously poor behavior, such as spraying or urinating. It’s okay to tell him he’s a good boy a few minutes later; just don’t feed him special food in the next half hour. Unless he lives outside, do not put him outside in response to his soiling the house. A cat will learn to do those things to be let outside.","If he stops misbehaving before you can say “No,” don’t say it. It’s too late. In fact, depending on the situation and the type of misbehavior, you might want to praise him for stopping. For example, if he starts to jump on the counter and you look his way and he refrains, praise him.","It’s very important to consistently respond to bad behavior. If you don’t want him on the counter, you need to say “No” every time you see it happen. Sometimes, cats will intentionally break rules just to see if you will be lazy today. Don’t let it go “just this once” or he will try longer and harder tomorrow. Once your cat learns that “no” means “no,” he often will learn that something is off-limits by being told just a few times.","Scaring the cat also can be a reprimand. If your cat continues to jump the fence or onto the counter, set up a situation in which you can catch him at it without being seen. When he does it, scare him by throwing a can of pennies or making a loud noise from where you’re hiding. He is more likely to stop this behavior if he thinks he can’t even get away with it when he’s alone.","Reserve the word “no” to mean never. When he wants something that he can’t have right now, say “Not now” or something like that. He’s not being bad; he may just be whining. If you tell him “not now,” enforce it. Do not give in until well after the cat has forgotten what it was he had wanted.","Sometimes ignoring the cat can act as a reprimand. When a cat is acting like a bully or being foolish, give attention to the cats who are behaving well. Don’t even look him in the eye until he’s acting more civilized.","Scruffing is controlling a cat by grabbing and holding the loose skin at the base of his neck. Mother cats scruff their kittens to carry them, but being scruffed is humiliating and frightening to an adult cat.","Only scruff your cat when there is danger of injury to you or someone else, or to the cat himself. While he’s being scruffed, support his hind end with the other hand. Limit the scruff hold to as little time as possible, releasing the grip as soon as the danger has passed. In Outside/Inside Training you will see scruffing mentioned as a last-resort reprimand to be used if the cat crosses the street. That is the only time in this website that we recommend using scruffing as a reprimand. If you have to do it more than twice, the outside training is not worth continuing. Scruffing needs to be reserved for emergency stuff.","Do not hit, spank, or otherwise hurt your cat as a way to deter bad behavior. Hitting only teaches your cat to fear you and run away from you. Hitting does not teach a cat what is expected of him and does not encourage him to trust people or their hands.","Getting sprayed with water is a traumatic experience for a cat, and it should be done only to break up a serious cat fight. Spraying water may also be used to interrupt or distract your cat in a life-threatening situation such as crossing the street or trespassing into an angry neighbor’s yard. Keep a spray bottle or squirt gun on your back porch, or wherever else a serious confrontation is likely to occur.","It’s really nice to have your cat come to you when you want him to. And it helps to make other training much easier.","You can train your cat to come when called. Soon after you start using the techniques in this section, all you’ll have to say is, “Here, {cat’s name}” and he’ll come running to you, even outdoors on a nice day.","Start feeding him his wet meals at the same time every day. When he shows up to eat, say “Here” with his name even if he’s only a few feet away. When he reaches you, say “Good boy {his name}” and place the meal in front of him. Pet him and let him eat. Do this with every meal or special treat that you give him. Soon, he will associate your call with eating and will be very motivated to show up.","When your cat comes dependably for his wet meals, start calling him when he’s a few feet away. Graduate to calling when he’s in another room. Choose times when he’s walking toward you and likely to reach you. This helps build habit and success. Say “Here” with his name. Pet him and then feed him when he arrives.","Make him earn his food by allowing you to touch him before he gets his meal. When he’s doing pretty well on coming to you from short distances, start calling him at unexpected times, such as naps, but do this only when he’s going to get a really good reward, such as his afternoon walk or his favorite toy.","Say the same words in the same style every time so that he becomes conditioned to expect only good things any time he hears that particular tone and combination.","In the first few months, do not pick up or hold a cat that comes to your call. Let him walk freely on the ground unless he asks you specifically to be picked up. The more you let a cat have his freedom when he comes when called, the more likely it is that he’ll walk to you again. As time goes by, he may not mind being picked up and held, even when he didn’t ask.","After your cat is coming for wet meals he’ll be ready for a few nonfood rewards when you call him. Use whatever your cat is enticed by: praise and petting, play, massage, catnip, or a walk outside. Continue to say “Here” with his name before wet meals every day.","A cat will walk in the direction of whatever he wants. Whether it’s play, food, or outside walks, he’ll walk in that direction and stay in the area where he gets those things while looking directly in your eyes. If he walks to you and stays near you, he probably wants to be petted and massaged. When he hurriedly walks away from you, he’s most likely trying to show you what he wants.","He’ll also hang out where he was last brushed or played with to see if he’ll get brushed or played with again. He’ll look at you and then look at his brush or toy.","Get him more used to doing things that you ask of him. When you think he’s in the mood to do what you want, ask him if that’s what he’ll do, such as “Time to scratch” or “Here, Kitty!” The more choices he thinks he’s allowed to make, the more he’ll make the ones you want him too, when you want him to.","Copyright 2017 Annie Bruce (Ph: 303-530-9000) | All Rights Reserved The information on CatBeGood.com is not meant to take the place of medical advice or expert veterinary care. Consult a vet if you suspect your cat might be ill. CatBeGood.com's advice is tailored only to spayed or neutered non-feral (tame) cats. If your cat isn’t altered, see Getting Your Cat Spayed or Neutered."]},"parsed_md":"The Basics of Cat Training « Cat Be Good\n\n### Categories\n\n * Cat Advocacy (4)\n * Cat Aging (1)\n * Cat Basics (11)\n * Cat Behavior (4)\n * Cat Charities (2)\n * Cat Life (6)\n * Cat Products (1)\n * Cat Resources (7)\n * Declawing (4)\n * Misc (7)\n\n### Archives\n\n * May 2009\n * April 2009\n\n### A sample text widget\n\nEtiam pulvinar consectetur dolor sed malesuada. Ut convallis euismod dolor nec\npretium. Nunc ut tristique massa.\n\nNam sodales mi vitae dolor ullamcorper et vulputate enim accumsan. Morbi orci\nmagna, tincidunt vitae molestie nec, molestie at mi. Nulla nulla lorem,\nsuscipit in posuere in, interdum non magna.\n\n|\n\n# The Basics of Cat Training\n\nCats can be trained to come when called. Some will come running—even if\nasleep, hiding, or outside. Getting your cat to listen requires “Basic\nTraining,” which is easier than it sounds. You don’t need squirt bottles or\nclickers. You’ll simply be able to talk to your cat and tell him what you\nwant. And you’ll get it.\n\nCats will listen. They will come when called. (White cats often are deaf, but\nmost cats aren’t hard of hearing.) They’ll even learn tricks and hand signals\nif you want them to.\n\nBasic training builds strong and useful communication links between you and\nyour cat. In this section, you’ll learn the three rules of basic training:\n\n 1. Never hit him. Trust is necessary for training. Hitting will not teach a cat to trust you.\n 2. Be aware of how to talk to him. Only say his name when he’s good. Never use his name with “No.”\n 3. Always make it a pleasure for him to come to you or to come home. No matter what.\n\nAlso, throughout this website, suggestions are given on how to reward and\nreprimand certain good or bad behavior, such as scratching post training and\naggression.\n\nBasic Training Tips\n\n * Never reprimand him for peeing outside his box. That is like punishing a child for wetting the bed. See Litter Box Problems.\n * Never use your cat’s name when giving a reprimand. Only use his name when giving praise, or calling him, or just talking with him. That way, he’ll always associate his name with something good.\n * If you know your cat is about to misbehave, distract him with petting or a toy. Or simply talk to him and say his name to divert his mischief.\n * Never reprimand him when he walks to you, or comes home. Always make coming home, or coming to you, a good and trustworthy experience.\n\nRewards\n\nRewards are a necessary part of training. Reprimands only teach a cat what not\nto do. Rewards should be reserved for reinforcing good behavior. Sometimes a\ncat owner does not know that he or she actually is rewarding bad behavior. A\npopular example is when one cat is mean to another cat—the bully often gets\nthe attention when it’s the victim that should be getting it all.\n\nWhen the cat does something good, he needs to be recognized. Any attention or\nrecognition given to him is a reward.\n\nRewards can be anything the cat likes. It can be a “great” reward, such as\nfood and going outside, or something as simple and quick as a pet or kind\nword. Playing with a lure toy or being massaged or brushed also may be\nfavorite rewards.\n\nAnother reward is simply to say your cat’s name anytime he’s good. You want to\nalways have him know that when he hears his name, he is being good. Cut down\non his guesswork. “Mommy said my name. I must be doing something good or she\nwouldn’t have said it!” Don’t say his name when what you mean is “I’m warning\nyou.” And don’t say his name when he’s being a jerk.\n\nRule number three says to always make it a pleasure for your cat to come to\nyou or to come home. This means that if your cat even simply walks to you,\ndon’t do something he thinks is bad, such as giving him a pill, taking him\nindoors, or trimming a nail. If you must do something “bad” to your cat, go to\nhim. And let your cat know he’s welcomed home. Even if he was gone for several\nhours, and even if he got in a cat fight outside, give him a treat and sound\npleased to see him as soon as he’s in the house.\n\nRewards for Good Behavior\n\n * Food treat\n * A trip outside\n * Play time with you\n * Catnip\n * Petting\n * Praise (say his name!)\n\nFood Treats As Rewards\n\nFood treats are listed in Cat Diet. Reserve food treats for when he’s been\nthrough something difficult. Besides making him feel better, this helps\nprevent stress-related behavior problems. Also remember to use a wet meal or\ntreat to reinforce the “[come] here” command described in “Training Your Cat\nto Come When Called.”\n\nUnless he’s really super-old, it’s best not to give food treats for no rhyme\nor reason. Indiscriminate treats can start nasty habits, like nagging and\nbugging you for little tidbits throughout the day.\n\nGood Times to Give a Food Treat\n\n * When your cat gets into his carrier for a trip to the veterinarian, while at the vet’s office, and for the trip home\n * After cleaning his ears or giving him medicine or other home treatments\n * When he comes when called under stress\n * Always when he comes home! (Or plan his wet meal for the end of his walk)\n * To a senior citizen cat, daily, just because he’s old\n\nReprimands\n\nA loud, simple “No” is about the only reprimand you’ll need to use. Just say\n“No!” Do not say his name when you use the word “no.” But even “no” must be\nused with caution; use only as much force in the word “no” as the cat can\nhandle. Some cats are easily offended.\n\nSay “No” quickly in response to his walking on the counter, jumping on the\nstove, or scratching the sofa (but don’t start reprimanding for scratching the\nsofa until positive use of the scratching post has been ingrained for a few\nweeks). If he still doesn’t stop, say “No” again and loudly clap twice. Keep\nat him until he stops—even if you have to push him off the stove or counter or\npick him up and carry him to his scratching post. He needs to know you mean\nbusiness.\n\nAs soon as your cat stops doing the misbehavior, tell him he’s a good boy.\nWhenever a cat is not doing something bad, he is being good. It does not\nmatter if he was bad just five minutes ago; if he’s good right now, he needs\nto hear “Good boy!”\n\nDo not feed a cat or let him outside after seriously poor behavior, such as\nspraying or urinating. It’s okay to tell him he’s a good boy a few minutes\nlater; just don’t feed him special food in the next half hour. Unless he lives\noutside, do not put him outside in response to his soiling the house. A cat\nwill learn to do those things to be let outside.\n\nIf he stops misbehaving before you can say “No,” don’t say it. It’s too late.\nIn fact, depending on the situation and the type of misbehavior, you might\nwant to praise him for stopping. For example, if he starts to jump on the\ncounter and you look his way and he refrains, praise him.\n\nIt’s very important to consistently respond to bad behavior. If you don’t want\nhim on the counter, you need to say “No” every time you see it happen.\nSometimes, cats will intentionally break rules just to see if you will be lazy\ntoday. Don’t let it go “just this once” or he will try longer and harder\ntomorrow. Once your cat learns that “no” means “no,” he often will learn that\nsomething is off-limits by being told just a few times.\n\nScaring the cat also can be a reprimand. If your cat continues to jump the\nfence or onto the counter, set up a situation in which you can catch him at it\nwithout being seen. When he does it, scare him by throwing a can of pennies or\nmaking a loud noise from where you’re hiding. He is more likely to stop this\nbehavior if he thinks he can’t even get away with it when he’s alone.\n\nReserve the word “no” to mean never. When he wants something that he can’t\nhave right now, say “Not now” or something like that. He’s not being bad; he\nmay just be whining. If you tell him “not now,” enforce it. Do not give in\nuntil well after the cat has forgotten what it was he had wanted.\n\nSometimes ignoring the cat can act as a reprimand. When a cat is acting like a\nbully or being foolish, give attention to the cats who are behaving well.\nDon’t even look him in the eye until he’s acting more civilized.\n\nHelpful Hint\n\nDon’t say “no” when he scratches or bites. Say “Ouch” instead. (Also see\nDealing with Cat Aggression.)\n\nScruffing\n\nScruffing is controlling a cat by grabbing and holding the loose skin at the\nbase of his neck. Mother cats scruff their kittens to carry them, but being\nscruffed is humiliating and frightening to an adult cat.\n\nOnly scruff your cat when there is danger of injury to you or someone else, or\nto the cat himself. While he’s being scruffed, support his hind end with the\nother hand. Limit the scruff hold to as little time as possible, releasing the\ngrip as soon as the danger has passed. In Outside/Inside Training you will see\nscruffing mentioned as a last-resort reprimand to be used if the cat crosses\nthe street. That is the only time in this website that we recommend using\nscruffing as a reprimand. If you have to do it more than twice, the outside\ntraining is not worth continuing. Scruffing needs to be reserved for emergency\nstuff.\n\nDon’t Hit Him or Squirt Him\n\nDo not hit, spank, or otherwise hurt your cat as a way to deter bad behavior.\nHitting only teaches your cat to fear you and run away from you. Hitting does\nnot teach a cat what is expected of him and does not encourage him to trust\npeople or their hands.\n\nGetting sprayed with water is a traumatic experience for a cat, and it should\nbe done only to break up a serious cat fight. Spraying water may also be used\nto interrupt or distract your cat in a life-threatening situation such as\ncrossing the street or trespassing into an angry neighbor’s yard. Keep a spray\nbottle or squirt gun on your back porch, or wherever else a serious\nconfrontation is likely to occur.\n\nTraining Your Cat to Come When Called\n\nIt’s really nice to have your cat come to you when you want him to. And it\nhelps to make other training much easier.\n\nYou can train your cat to come when called. Soon after you start using the\ntechniques in this section, all you’ll have to say is, “Here, {cat’s name}”\nand he’ll come running to you, even outdoors on a nice day.\n\nStart feeding him his wet meals at the same time every day. When he shows up\nto eat, say “Here” with his name even if he’s only a few feet away. When he\nreaches you, say “Good boy {his name}” and place the meal in front of him. Pet\nhim and let him eat. Do this with every meal or special treat that you give\nhim. Soon, he will associate your call with eating and will be very motivated\nto show up.\n\nWhen your cat comes dependably for his wet meals, start calling him when he’s\na few feet away. Graduate to calling when he’s in another room. Choose times\nwhen he’s walking toward you and likely to reach you. This helps build habit\nand success. Say “Here” with his name. Pet him and then feed him when he\narrives.\n\nMake him earn his food by allowing you to touch him before he gets his meal.\nWhen he’s doing pretty well on coming to you from short distances, start\ncalling him at unexpected times, such as naps, but do this only when he’s\ngoing to get a really good reward, such as his afternoon walk or his favorite\ntoy.\n\nSay the same words in the same style every time so that he becomes conditioned\nto expect only good things any time he hears that particular tone and\ncombination.\n\nIn the first few months, do not pick up or hold a cat that comes to your call.\nLet him walk freely on the ground unless he asks you specifically to be picked\nup. The more you let a cat have his freedom when he comes when called, the\nmore likely it is that he’ll walk to you again. As time goes by, he may not\nmind being picked up and held, even when he didn’t ask.\n\nAfter your cat is coming for wet meals he’ll be ready for a few nonfood\nrewards when you call him. Use whatever your cat is enticed by: praise and\npetting, play, massage, catnip, or a walk outside. Continue to say “Here” with\nhis name before wet meals every day.\n\nHelpful Hints\n\nAsk your cat what he wants, and then follow him to where he leads you.\n\nA cat will walk in the direction of whatever he wants. Whether it’s play,\nfood, or outside walks, he’ll walk in that direction and stay in the area\nwhere he gets those things while looking directly in your eyes. If he walks to\nyou and stays near you, he probably wants to be petted and massaged. When he\nhurriedly walks away from you, he’s most likely trying to show you what he\nwants.\n\nHe’ll also hang out where he was last brushed or played with to see if he’ll\nget brushed or played with again. He’ll look at you and then look at his brush\nor toy.\n\nGet him more used to doing things that you ask of him. When you think he’s in\nthe mood to do what you want, ask him if that’s what he’ll do, such as “Time\nto scratch” or “Here, Kitty!” The more choices he thinks he’s allowed to make,\nthe more he’ll make the ones you want him too, when you want him to.\n\nSound happy to see him. Saying his name and “Hey, where you been, man?” can\nmake him feel special.\n\nSay “Hello, {cat’s name}!” when cat enters the room.\n\nSay “I’m sorry, {cat’s name},” when it is your fault that he ran into you.\n\nShopping List\n\n * Cat toys\n * Cat brush\n * Catnip\n * Food treats\n * Optional\n * Empty soda can with a few pennies in it (put tape over the opening on the can)\n\nSee Cat Products.\n\nComments are closed. \n \n---|--- \n \nHome | Contact Us | About the Author | Testimonials | Moses's Story\n\nCopyright 2017 Annie Bruce (Ph: 303-530-9000) | All Rights Reserved The\ninformation on CatBeGood.com is not meant to take the place of medical advice\nor expert veterinary care. Consult a vet if you suspect your cat might be ill.\nCatBeGood.com's advice is tailored only to spayed or neutered non-feral (tame)\ncats. If your cat isn’t altered, see Getting Your Cat Spayed or Neutered.\n\nPowered by WordPress & Atahualpa\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161208114738/http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs","parsed_text":{"title":"Differences Between Cats and Dogs – Banfield Pet Hospital®","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Differences Between Cats and Dogs – Banfield Pet Hospital®\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20151013073822/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat","parsed_text":{"title":"Training Your Cat","passages":["Most people believe that cats can’t be trained because cats don’t seem to respond to many of the methods used to train dogs. But cats do respond to training! In fact one of the first scientific studies highlighting the importance of reinforcement in animal behavior was done with cats.","The first step to training your cat is to understand him. Cats aren’t as social as dogs. Dogs have been bred specifically to work together with people, whereas the primary reason cats were domesticated was to kill vermin on their own. So they’re independent, and they aren’t as naturally inclined to work for praise and attention as dogs are. They’re also not as easy to motivate. You have to use really special treats that your cat finds irresistible. Training a cat requires some creativity and patience.","Training your cat has important benefits. You’re stimulating his body and his mind, which helps keep him healthy. And spending time together means you’re strengthening the bond you share. In addition to teaching fun tricks like wave and fetch, you can also teach him a range of useful behaviors like sit, stay and to come when called. You could even teach your cat to pee in the toilet and flush afterwards!","The first step is to find a treat that your cat goes crazy for. Fresh chicken diced in tiny cubes, bits of tuna, meat-flavored baby food, and commercial cat treats are all good choices. Once you’ve identified treats your cat likes, follow the basic steps of positive reinforcement training (reward-based training) to teach him the behavior you want. Suppose you’d like your cat to sit and stay on a stool while you prepare his dinner. You’ll first need to start with teaching him to sit when you ask him to:","First, make sure you have your cat’s attention. Hold the tasty treat in your fingers right at your cat’s nose. When your cat begins to sniff the treat, slowly move it in an arc from his nose up just over his head between his ears. (Don’t raise it straight up, or you’ll be teaching your cat to stand on his rear legs rather than sit!) Many cats will follow this arc motion with their eyes and nose, and as their chin raises up and back, their butt will go down.","Second, the instant your cat’s bottom hits the floor, praise him and offer him the treat. If his rear doesn’t go all the way down on the first try, give him the treat anyway. Over several repetitions of practice, give him a treat each time his rear gets slightly closer, until he’s gets into a complete sit with his rear all the way on the floor.","Cats don’t see things well that are still and close-up, so if your cat has difficulty taking the treat from your fingers, try offering it to him in your flat palm or tossing it on the floor. He’ll see the movement when you toss it and know where the treat is.","A clicker can make training easier and faster. If you don’t have a clicker, you can use a pen that makes a clicking sound. The instant your cat does the correct behavior, click and then offer a treat. The click lets your cat know the instant he does the right thing, so it helps him catch on faster. Just make sure you click at the exact moment he does the behavior you want, and then give him a treat. Cats learn through repetition, just like we do, so you’ll need to practice a few times in a row. Keep your training sessions short though—just a few minutes at a time. Most cats get bored if you try to drill the same thing over and over.","While training your cat, keep in mind that cats respond very poorly to punishment! Rather than learning what behavior not to do, a punished cat usually just learns to run away. Depending on your cat’s temperament, punishment can frighten your cat to the point where he may hide from you and your family members. Punishment creates stress, and stress is one of the most common causes for problem behaviors in cats, including eliminating outside of the litter box and compulsive grooming. Stress also compromises the immune system, making your cat more vulnerable to disease, including feline idiopathic cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).","It’s much easier to train your cat when you reward behaviors you want and offer him more attractive alternatives for behaviors you don’t want. Persuasion, not punishment, is the key to training your cat. If you patiently practice and reward your cat with treats, you’ll soon have a cat who’s sitting on cue and purring contentedly.","If you’d like to learn how to train your cat, or if your cat has a behavior problem you’d like to resolve, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified behaviorist. To learn more about locating the right expert for you and your cat, please see our article, Finding Professional Help. Many Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists (CAABs or ACAABs) offer telephone consultations, in-home private consultations and training sessions, and some Certified Professional Dog Trainers also offer group classes for kitten socialization and basic training.","Cat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to transport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your cat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could cause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.","By having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors in a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy weight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat to wear a harness and leash for walks outside.","When your cat masters the skill of coming when you call him, it will be easy to summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Training your cat can give him a great mental workout and will strengthen the bond between you two.","Cats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s mental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves circulation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging cats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.","There are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active and fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to explore and time to watch birds and other small animals.","Clicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to tell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?","© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization."]},"parsed_md":"Training Your Cat | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nPet Care\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Cat Behavior > Training Your Cat\n\n# Training Your Cat\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nMost people believe that cats can’t be trained because cats don’t seem to\nrespond to many of the methods used to train dogs. But cats do respond to\ntraining! In fact one of the first scientific studies highlighting the\nimportance of reinforcement in animal behavior was done with cats.\n\nThe first step to training your cat is to understand him. Cats aren’t as\nsocial as dogs. Dogs have been bred specifically to work together with people,\nwhereas the primary reason cats were domesticated was to kill vermin on their\nown. So they’re independent, and they aren’t as naturally inclined to work for\npraise and attention as dogs are. They’re also not as easy to motivate. You\nhave to use really special treats that your cat finds irresistible. Training a\ncat requires some creativity and patience.\n\nTraining your cat has important benefits. You’re stimulating his body and his\nmind, which helps keep him healthy. And spending time together means you’re\nstrengthening the bond you share. In addition to teaching fun tricks like wave\nand fetch, you can also teach him a range of useful behaviors like sit, stay\nand to come when called. You could even teach your cat to pee in the toilet\nand flush afterwards!\n\nUse Tasty Treats\n\nThe first step is to find a treat that your cat goes crazy for. Fresh chicken\ndiced in tiny cubes, bits of tuna, meat-flavored baby food, and commercial cat\ntreats are all good choices. Once you’ve identified treats your cat likes,\nfollow the basic steps of positive reinforcement training (reward-based\ntraining) to teach him the behavior you want. Suppose you’d like your cat to\nsit and stay on a stool while you prepare his dinner. You’ll first need to\nstart with teaching him to sit when you ask him to:\n\n * First, make sure you have your cat’s attention. Hold the tasty treat in your fingers right at your cat’s nose. When your cat begins to sniff the treat, slowly move it in an arc from his nose up just over his head between his ears. (Don’t raise it straight up, or you’ll be teaching your cat to stand on his rear legs rather than sit!) Many cats will follow this arc motion with their eyes and nose, and as their chin raises up and back, their butt will go down.\n * Second, the instant your cat’s bottom hits the floor, praise him and offer him the treat. If his rear doesn’t go all the way down on the first try, give him the treat anyway. Over several repetitions of practice, give him a treat each time his rear gets slightly closer, until he’s gets into a complete sit with his rear all the way on the floor.\n\nCats don’t see things well that are still and close-up, so if your cat has\ndifficulty taking the treat from your fingers, try offering it to him in your\nflat palm or tossing it on the floor. He’ll see the movement when you toss it\nand know where the treat is.\n\nUse a Clicker\n\nA clicker can make training easier and faster. If you don’t have a clicker,\nyou can use a pen that makes a clicking sound. The instant your cat does the\ncorrect behavior, click and then offer a treat. The click lets your cat know\nthe instant he does the right thing, so it helps him catch on faster. Just\nmake sure you click at the exact moment he does the behavior you want, and\nthen give him a treat. Cats learn through repetition, just like we do, so\nyou’ll need to practice a few times in a row. Keep your training sessions\nshort though—just a few minutes at a time. Most cats get bored if you try to\ndrill the same thing over and over.\n\nNo Punishment!\n\nWhile training your cat, keep in mind that cats respond very poorly to\npunishment! Rather than learning what behavior not to do, a punished cat\nusually just learns to run away. Depending on your cat’s temperament,\npunishment can frighten your cat to the point where he may hide from you and\nyour family members. Punishment creates stress, and stress is one of the most\ncommon causes for problem behaviors in cats, including eliminating outside of\nthe litter box and compulsive grooming. Stress also compromises the immune\nsystem, making your cat more vulnerable to disease, including feline\nidiopathic cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).\n\nIt’s much easier to train your cat when you reward behaviors you want and\noffer him more attractive alternatives for behaviors you don’t want.\nPersuasion, not punishment, is the key to training your cat. If you patiently\npractice and reward your cat with treats, you’ll soon have a cat who’s sitting\non cue and purring contentedly.\n\nFinding Help and More Information\n\nIf you’d like to learn how to train your cat, or if your cat has a behavior\nproblem you’d like to resolve, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified\nbehaviorist. To learn more about locating the right expert for you and your\ncat, please see our article, Finding Professional Help. Many Certified Applied\nAnimal Behaviorists (CAABs or ACAABs) offer telephone consultations, in-home\nprivate consultations and training sessions, and some Certified Professional\nDog Trainers also offer group classes for kitten socialization and basic\ntraining.\n\nHere are a few books and links to explore:\n\n * Clicker Training for Cats Fun Kit by Karen Pryor\n * Teaching Your Cat Simple Tricks by Arden Moore\n * Cat Behavior and Training: Veterinary Advice for Owners by Ackerman, Landsberg and Hunthausen\n * Good Owners, Great Cats by Kilcommons and Wilson\n * International Cat Agility Tournaments\n\n## Related Links\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Ride in a Carrier\n\nCat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to\ntransport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your\ncat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could\ncause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Walk on a Leash\n\nBy having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors\nin a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy\nweight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat\nto wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Come When Called\n\nWhen your cat masters the skill of coming when you call him, it will be easy\nto summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Training your cat can give\nhim a great mental workout and will strengthen the bond between you two.\n\nCat Toys\n\nCats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s\nmental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves\ncirculation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging\ncats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\n\nEnriching Your Cat's Life\n\nThere are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active\nand fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to\nexplore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\n\nClicker Training Your Pet\n\nClicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to\ntell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180706222910/http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it","passages":["Before you start training your kitten, the most important thing to remember is that cats only get motivated if they can see something in it for themselves. This makes training cats that much harder than training dogs. Dogs are pack animals and are used to being bossed by the top animal in the hierarchy of the pack. Cats are free spirits and insofar as they recognize a hierarchy, they tend to assume they are at the top of it. From a cat’s perspective, rules are for other species.","However, if you can convince your kitten that it is worth it for her to do something for you, the kitten will be prepared to go along. And the obvious motivator for a feline is food. Cats are hunters and unless they are full and sleepy they are always prepared to make an effort to procure their next meal. So a tasty treat will almost never be ignored.","There’s a saying that goes ‘Dogs come when called. Cats ask you to leave a message.’ Having a cat which obediently turns up when called is the dream of every human who shares a home with a feline. And in fact it is actually not that hard to teach a kitten to come trotting up when summoned. Of course even with the best training, there will be times when this won’t work, because in general cats only hear what they want to hear, and sometimes they don’t want to hear you calling. But kittens which have been taught to respond to their name will tend to come to see what’s up if you’ve given them the right incentive.","But before we can get our kitten to rush over when we call her, she needs to know her name. Cats respond better to pleasant-sounding short names, so don’t be too creative. If you live somewhere that the cat can range far, choose a name that finishes with a plosive. It’s easier to call ‘Pip-PA’ across a meadow than ‘Princess Furryboots III’ and you can still be imaginative - for example, how about Kohnsu (an Egyptian moon goddess)?","Once you have decided on the name for your kitten, it is time to make sure that she knows it too. One important rule is that the kitten should have pleasant associations with hearing her name. So when scolding the kitten - for example for clawing the curtains - don’t use her name. Instead, repeat the name frequently when feeding the kitten or playing with her. For example, say her name and then give her a treat or say her name and then roll a ball to her. Once you notice she responds positively to hearing her name you are a long way towards training your kitten. Now you can move on to teaching her to respond by coming to you when she is called.","For training we need a kitten who is a bit hungry. We want her to respond with more eagerness to your call. So feed the kitten a bit less than her normal portion. To start the training session, say the kitten’s name and then feed her a small treat. Repeat two or three times more and then move a small distance away from her. Next call her name adding the word ‘come’ . Chances are the kitten will come over in the hope that more food is on the way. So don’t disappoint her. In training cats, remember that they don’t take discouragement well. Once kitty has developed a ‘to hell with it’ attitude, it’s hard to re-establish co-operation.","So when the kitten has come over, make sure you give her a small treat and a gentle pat on the head. Move again and repeat the process. Always call her by name and add the word ‘come’. Keep this up for about a week. You may also start using a hand gesture like stretching out your hand or beckoning. Once the kitten comes regularly when called you do not need to give her a treat every time, but always stroke her or scratch her head to show that you are pleased to see her. And it does not harm to reinforce the process by offering a treat from time to time as a reward."]},"parsed_md":"Know Your Cat - Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it\n\nHome\n\ncat health\n\ncat info\n\nget a cat\n\ncat travel\n\nlibrary\n\nquizzes\n\nservices\n\n|\n\n### Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it\n\n| 'Dogs come when called. Cats take a message.' \n--- \n \nBefore you start training your kitten, the most important thing to remember is\nthat cats only get motivated if they can see something in it for themselves.\nThis makes training cats that much harder than training dogs. Dogs are pack\nanimals and are used to being bossed by the top animal in the hierarchy of the\npack. Cats are free spirits and insofar as they recognize a hierarchy, they\ntend to assume they are at the top of it. From a cat’s perspective, rules are\nfor other species. \n \nHowever, if you can convince your kitten that it is worth it for her to do\nsomething for you, the kitten will be prepared to go along. And the obvious\nmotivator for a feline is food. Cats are hunters and unless they are full and\nsleepy they are always prepared to make an effort to procure their next meal.\nSo a tasty treat will almost never be ignored.\n\nThere’s a saying that goes ‘Dogs come when called. Cats ask you to leave a\nmessage.’ Having a cat which obediently turns up when called is the dream of\nevery human who shares a home with a feline. And in fact it is actually not\nthat hard to teach a kitten to come trotting up when summoned. Of course even\nwith the best training, there will be times when this won’t work, because in\ngeneral cats only hear what they want to hear, and sometimes they don’t want\nto hear you calling. But kittens which have been taught to respond to their\nname will tend to come to see what’s up if you’ve given them the right\nincentive.\n\nBut before we can get our kitten to rush over when we call her, she needs to\nknow her name. Cats respond better to pleasant-sounding short names, so don’t\nbe too creative. If you live somewhere that the cat can range far, choose a\nname that finishes with a plosive. It’s easier to call ‘Pip-PA’ across a\nmeadow than ‘Princess Furryboots III’ and you can still be imaginative - for\nexample, how about Kohnsu (an Egyptian moon goddess)?\n\nOnce you have decided on the name for your kitten, it is time to make sure\nthat she knows it too. One important rule is that the kitten should have\npleasant associations with hearing her name. So when scolding the kitten - for\nexample for clawing the curtains - don’t use her name. Instead, repeat the\nname frequently when feeding the kitten or playing with her. For example, say\nher name and then give her a treat or say her name and then roll a ball to\nher. Once you notice she responds positively to hearing her name you are a\nlong way towards training your kitten. Now you can move on to teaching her to\nrespond by coming to you when she is called.\n\nFor training we need a kitten who is a bit hungry. We want her to respond with\nmore eagerness to your call. So feed the kitten a bit less than her normal\nportion. To start the training session, say the kitten’s name and then feed\nher a small treat. Repeat two or three times more and then move a small\ndistance away from her. Next call her name adding the word ‘come’ . Chances\nare the kitten will come over in the hope that more food is on the way. So\ndon’t disappoint her. In training cats, remember that they don’t take\ndiscouragement well. Once kitty has developed a ‘to hell with it’ attitude,\nit’s hard to re-establish co-operation.\n\nSo when the kitten has come over, make sure you give her a small treat and a\ngentle pat on the head. Move again and repeat the process. Always call her by\nname and add the word ‘come’. Keep this up for about a week. You may also\nstart using a hand gesture like stretching out your hand or beckoning. Once\nthe kitten comes regularly when called you do not need to give her a treat\nevery time, but always stroke her or scratch her head to show that you are\npleased to see her. And it does not harm to reinforce the process by offering\na treat from time to time as a reward.\n\nknowyour cat.info \n \nHome What's new Contact Us\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150905073404/http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called","parsed_text":{"title":"Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called","passages":["Teaching your cat to come when called is both fun and practical. Once he masters this skill, you’ll be able to quickly summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Not only will this make your life easier—your cat will benefit, too. Training can give him a great mental workout and strengthen your bond. Learning to come when called might even save his life one day if he dashes out of your house.","Many people don’t realize how trainable cats are. This is a shame because cats are just as smart as dogs. They just need a reason to show off their ability to learn! The key to training cats is to figure out how to motivate them. It may take some time, but he’ll be eager to learn new things once you identify what he’s willing to work for.","Many cats love mealtime, so one of the easiest ways to teach a cat to come when called is to make a consistent noise—such as a whistle or tongue click—or call his name (“Max, come!”) right before you start preparing his food each day. The sound you make will become your command or cue. Make sure you give the cue before you crinkle a bag of cat food or use a can opener. If your cat hears food-preparing sounds first, he’ll come in response to them rather than your cue. (In fact, those enticing sounds will likely excite him so much that he won’t even hear you!) After a week or so of mealtime training, you can move on to the exercises below.","First, you’ll need to figure out what your cat likes most in the world. For many cats, this might be a flake of tuna, a tiny piece of chicken or a bit of meat-flavored baby food on a spoon. For others, it might be playing with a laser light or a special fluttering wand toy. Experiment and choose two or three of your cat’s favorite things. Each time you call your cat, you’ll surprise him with one of these things. Be sure to mix it up so that your cat never knows which wonderful reward he’s going to get. The element of surprise will make him more motivated to come to you.","Train at a time when your cat is motivated to work. For example, if you’re going to reward him with treats, have sessions right before dinnertime. If you plan to use toys instead, train when you know he’ll be energetic and ready to play.","Say your cue. Standing just a foot or two away from your cat, make the special sound you’ve chosen or say a verbal cue, like “Max, come!”","Reward your cat. Immediately give your cat his reward. If your cat is the playful sort, you can reward him with a few seconds of playtime. However, because you’ll need to repeat this exercise, it may be easier to use a food reward if you can find one that your cat adores. Many cats don’t like to take treats from people’s hands, so you may need to drop each treat on the floor in front of your cat or deliver his reward on a spoon if you’re using something wet like baby food.","Walk a step or two away, and then repeat the exercise above. Eventually, your cat will start to orient toward you when he hears you say the cue. (This may take just a few repetitions or it may take a few training sessions.) At this point, you can start to gradually increase the distance your cat must come to reach you and earn his reward.","Over the next few weeks, continue to ask your cat to come from greater and greater distances. Eventually, you should be able to call him anytime and from anywhere in your house and see him come running.","Aim for at least one or two short training sessions per day. Sessions should last five minutes or less. During each one, call and reward your cat 10 to 20 times.","Practice in every room of your house. If your cat is allowed to go outside, you can practice there, too, after your cat masters the skill indoors.","If you have more than one person in your household, you can try calling your cat back and forth between you. Remember to reward him every time he comes to either person.","When your cat will reliably come from all the way across a room, start calling him from one room into another.","It’s important to keep rewarding your cat every time he comes to you. It’s fine to vary the rewards—you can engage him in play with toys, give him treats and even scratch him in his favorite spots. However, if you stop rewarding your cat altogether, his new skill will likely fall apart. Cats need a good reason to do what you ask, but if you provide that reason, they’re happy to listen!","If your cat is shy or fearful and has no training experience, it might be best to start his training career by teaching him a few easy behaviors. For example, try using a clicker to teach him to touch his nose to your finger, sit or lie down. (Please see our article on Clicker Training Your Pet for more information.) After your cat has mastered a few simple skills, you can move on to more difficult ones like coming when called.","If your cat has a hard time learning to come when called, he may not be able to hear you. White cats are often deaf, especially those with blue eyes. If you suspect that your cat has a hearing problem, you can take him to a vet for an examination. If your cat is hearing impaired, that doesn’t mean he can’t be trained. It just means that instead of a verbal cue, you’ll need to use a visual signal such as a waving hand. The only disadvantage is that you won’t be able to “call” your deaf cat when he can’t see you.","Most housecats stay home alone all day, stuck indoors, while their pet parents work long hours. Regular training sessions can give bored cats a great mental workout—and the more you exercise your cat’s brain while you’re home, the more he’ll rest peacefully when you’re away. In addition to coming when called, you can teach your cat a variety of entertaining and practical behaviors, like Sit, High Five and Roll Over. He can even learn to use the toilet! Please see our article on Training Your Cat to learn more about enriching your cat’s life through training.","While it is commonly thought that you can’t train your cat as you would train your dog, it is possible to train cats. While cats aren’t as social as dogs, you can train your cat using creativity and patience. Training your cat will stimulate his body and mind, which will keep him healthy.","Cat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to transport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your cat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could cause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.","By having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors in a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy weight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat to wear a harness and leash for walks outside.","Cats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s mental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves circulation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging cats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.","There are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active and fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to explore and time to watch birds and other small animals.","Clicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to tell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?","© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization."]},"parsed_md":"Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nPet Care\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Cat Behavior > Teaching Your Cat\nto Come When Called\n\n# Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nWhy Should You Do It?\n\nTeaching your cat to come when called is both fun and practical. Once he\nmasters this skill, you’ll be able to quickly summon him for petting, feeding\nand playtime. Not only will this make your life easier—your cat will benefit,\ntoo. Training can give him a great mental workout and strengthen your bond.\nLearning to come when called might even save his life one day if he dashes out\nof your house.\n\nHow Can You Do It?\n\nMany people don’t realize how trainable cats are. This is a shame because cats\nare just as smart as dogs. They just need a reason to show off their ability\nto learn! The key to training cats is to figure out how to motivate them. It\nmay take some time, but he’ll be eager to learn new things once you identify\nwhat he’s willing to work for.\n\nChow-Time Training\n\nMany cats love mealtime, so one of the easiest ways to teach a cat to come\nwhen called is to make a consistent noise—such as a whistle or tongue click—or\ncall his name (“Max, come!”) right before you start preparing his food each\nday. The sound you make will become your command or cue. Make sure you give\nthe cue before you crinkle a bag of cat food or use a can opener. If your cat\nhears food-preparing sounds first, he’ll come in response to them rather than\nyour cue. (In fact, those enticing sounds will likely excite him so much that\nhe won’t even hear you!) After a week or so of mealtime training, you can move\non to the exercises below.\n\nTraining throughout the House\n\nIdentify exciting rewards.\n\nFirst, you’ll need to figure out what your cat likes most in the world. For\nmany cats, this might be a flake of tuna, a tiny piece of chicken or a bit of\nmeat-flavored baby food on a spoon. For others, it might be playing with a\nlaser light or a special fluttering wand toy. Experiment and choose two or\nthree of your cat’s favorite things. Each time you call your cat, you’ll\nsurprise him with one of these things. Be sure to mix it up so that your cat\nnever knows which wonderful reward he’s going to get. The element of surprise\nwill make him more motivated to come to you.\n\nStart training.\n\nTrain at a time when your cat is motivated to work. For example, if you’re\ngoing to reward him with treats, have sessions right before dinnertime. If you\nplan to use toys instead, train when you know he’ll be energetic and ready to\nplay.\n\n * Choose a good spot. It’s best to start your training in a quiet room with no distractions.\n * Say your cue. Standing just a foot or two away from your cat, make the special sound you’ve chosen or say a verbal cue, like “Max, come!”\n * Reward your cat. Immediately give your cat his reward. If your cat is the playful sort, you can reward him with a few seconds of playtime. However, because you’ll need to repeat this exercise, it may be easier to use a food reward if you can find one that your cat adores. Many cats don’t like to take treats from people’s hands, so you may need to drop each treat on the floor in front of your cat or deliver his reward on a spoon if you’re using something wet like baby food.\n\nWalk a step or two away, and then repeat the exercise above. Eventually, your\ncat will start to orient toward you when he hears you say the cue. (This may\ntake just a few repetitions or it may take a few training sessions.) At this\npoint, you can start to gradually increase the distance your cat must come to\nreach you and earn his reward.\n\nIncrease difficulty.\n\nOver the next few weeks, continue to ask your cat to come from greater and\ngreater distances. Eventually, you should be able to call him anytime and from\nanywhere in your house and see him come running.\n\n * Aim for at least one or two short training sessions per day. Sessions should last five minutes or less. During each one, call and reward your cat 10 to 20 times.\n * Practice in every room of your house. If your cat is allowed to go outside, you can practice there, too, after your cat masters the skill indoors.\n * If you have more than one person in your household, you can try calling your cat back and forth between you. Remember to reward him every time he comes to either person.\n * When your cat will reliably come from all the way across a room, start calling him from one room into another.\n\nIt’s important to keep rewarding your cat every time he comes to you. It’s\nfine to vary the rewards—you can engage him in play with toys, give him treats\nand even scratch him in his favorite spots. However, if you stop rewarding\nyour cat altogether, his new skill will likely fall apart. Cats need a good\nreason to do what you ask, but if you provide that reason, they’re happy to\nlisten!\n\nAdditional Tips and Troubleshooting\n\n * If your cat is shy or fearful and has no training experience, it might be best to start his training career by teaching him a few easy behaviors. For example, try using a clicker to teach him to touch his nose to your finger, sit or lie down. (Please see our article on Clicker Training Your Pet for more information.) After your cat has mastered a few simple skills, you can move on to more difficult ones like coming when called.\n * If your cat has a hard time learning to come when called, he may not be able to hear you. White cats are often deaf, especially those with blue eyes. If you suspect that your cat has a hearing problem, you can take him to a vet for an examination. If your cat is hearing impaired, that doesn’t mean he can’t be trained. It just means that instead of a verbal cue, you’ll need to use a visual signal such as a waving hand. The only disadvantage is that you won’t be able to “call” your deaf cat when he can’t see you.\n * Most housecats stay home alone all day, stuck indoors, while their pet parents work long hours. Regular training sessions can give bored cats a great mental workout—and the more you exercise your cat’s brain while you’re home, the more he’ll rest peacefully when you’re away. In addition to coming when called, you can teach your cat a variety of entertaining and practical behaviors, like Sit, High Five and Roll Over. He can even learn to use the toilet! Please see our article on Training Your Cat to learn more about enriching your cat’s life through training.\n\n## Related Links\n\nTraining Your Cat\n\nWhile it is commonly thought that you can’t train your cat as you would train\nyour dog, it is possible to train cats. While cats aren’t as social as dogs,\nyou can train your cat using creativity and patience. Training your cat will\nstimulate his body and mind, which will keep him healthy.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Ride in a Carrier\n\nCat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to\ntransport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your\ncat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could\ncause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Walk on a Leash\n\nBy having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors\nin a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy\nweight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat\nto wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\n\nCat Toys\n\nCats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s\nmental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves\ncirculation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging\ncats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\n\nEnriching Your Cat's Life\n\nThere are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active\nand fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to\nexplore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\n\nClicker Training Your Pet\n\nClicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to\ntell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190309080706/https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Inherited deafness in white cats\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In cats, inherited congenital (present from birth) deafness is seen almost exclusively in white coated individuals. The deafness is caused by degeneration of the auditory apparatus of the inner ear and may affect one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral).\",\n \"Breeding studies have defined the relationship between deafness in white cats and blue eye colour. The gene responsible is an autosomal dominant gene termed W (for White). This gene appears to be pleiotropic – ie, it has more than one effect, being responsible for the white coat colour and also blue eyes and deafness. However, while the gene has complete penetrance for white coat colour (all cats that carry the gene will have a white coat), it has incomplete penetrance for blue eye colour and for deafness (but these two are strongly linked). Thus deafness is strongly linked to the white coat colour and blue eye colour, but not all white cats or white cats with blue eyes are necessarily deaf. The variable penetrance of deafness and eye colour may be caused by interplay with other genes and/or environmental factors.\",\n \"The risk of deafness in relation to coat colour and eye colour is shown in the figure below. If deafness occurs, it may be either unilateral or bilateral.\",\n \"Overall, deaf cats with white coat colour and one or both blue eyes, make up around about 1-1.5% of the total cat population. However, the prevalence of white cats does vary in different geographies.\",\n \"If a white cat has 2 blue eyes, it is 3-5 times more likely to be deaf than a cat with 2 non-blue eyes, and a cat with 1 blue eye is about twice as likely to be deaf as a cat with 2 non-blue eyes. In addition, longhaired white cats are 3 times more likely to be bilaterally deaf. In a feral situation deaf white cats experience strong negative natural selection pressure as:\",\n \"However, among pet cats it is much more common to find white cats, probably simply due to selective breeding (human preference and intervention). Many cat breeds are known to have the white coat gene and can, therefore, produce deaf white individuals. A number of breeds now insist on white cats being checked for deafness (e.g. using BAER testing – brainstem auditory evoked response ... this is a simple non-invasive test that can be performed at specialist centres to determine accurately whether deafness is present). These breeds do not allow deaf white cats to be bred from.\",\n \"The information provided here has been put together by experts in feline health, behaviour and welfare. However, it is not intended to be used as a substitute for going to the vet.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Inherited deafness in white cats | International Cat Care\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n# International Cat Care\\n\\n## Translate this page\\n\\n## You are here\\n\\nHome » Inherited deafness in white cats » Inherited deafness in white cats\\n\\n# Inherited deafness in white cats\\n\\nIn cats, inherited congenital (present from birth) deafness is seen almost\\nexclusively in white coated individuals. The deafness is caused by\\ndegeneration of the auditory apparatus of the inner ear and may affect one ear\\n(unilateral) or both ears (bilateral).\\n\\nBreeding studies have defined the relationship between deafness in white cats\\nand blue eye colour. The gene responsible is an autosomal dominant gene termed\\nW (for White). This gene appears to be pleiotropic – ie, it has more than one\\neffect, being responsible for the white coat colour and also blue eyes and\\ndeafness. However, while the gene has complete penetrance for white coat\\ncolour (all cats that carry the gene will have a white coat), it has\\nincomplete penetrance for blue eye colour and for deafness (but these two are\\nstrongly linked). Thus deafness is strongly linked to the white coat colour\\nand blue eye colour, but not all white cats or white cats with blue eyes are\\nnecessarily deaf. The variable penetrance of deafness and eye colour may be\\ncaused by interplay with other genes and/or environmental factors.\\n\\n## What is the risk of deafness in a white cat?\\n\\nThe risk of deafness in relation to coat colour and eye colour is shown in the\\nfigure below. If deafness occurs, it may be either unilateral or bilateral.\\n\\nOverall, deaf cats with white coat colour and one or both blue eyes, make up\\naround about 1-1.5% of the total cat population. However, the prevalence of\\nwhite cats does vary in different geographies.\\n\\nIf a white cat has 2 blue eyes, it is 3-5 times more likely to be deaf than a\\ncat with 2 non-blue eyes, and a cat with 1 blue eye is about twice as likely\\nto be deaf as a cat with 2 non-blue eyes. In addition, longhaired white cats\\nare 3 times more likely to be bilaterally deaf. In a feral situation deaf\\nwhite cats experience strong negative natural selection pressure as:\\n\\n * They are deaf\\n * They are photophobic (intolerant of bright light because of the blue eyes)\\n * They have reduced vision in low light conditions\\n\\nHowever, among pet cats it is much more common to find white cats, probably\\nsimply due to selective breeding (human preference and intervention). Many cat\\nbreeds are known to have the white coat gene and can, therefore, produce deaf\\nwhite individuals. A number of breeds now insist on white cats being checked\\nfor deafness (e.g. using BAER testing – brainstem auditory evoked response ...\\nthis is a simple non-invasive test that can be performed at specialist centres\\nto determine accurately whether deafness is present). These breeds do not\\nallow deaf white cats to be bred from.\\n\\n> Donate now Your gift will make the difference\\n\\nGet Social! Like, Follow and Pin us to stay up to date with our work\\n\\n## WSAVA\\n\\nThe World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) fully endorses the owner\\ninformation on this website.\\n\\n## Important\\n\\nThe information provided here has been put together by experts in feline\\nhealth, behaviour and welfare. However, it is not intended to be used as a\\nsubstitute for going to the vet.\\n\\nIf your cat is unwell, please seek veterinary attention.\\n\\n## How we're helping cats\\n\\n * Our campaigns\\n * Our welfare projects\\n * Guidance for cat professionals\\n * Improving veterinary care\\n\\n## All about cats\\n\\n * Getting a cat\\n * Caring for your cat\\n * Cat behaviour\\n * Cat health\\n\\n## How you can support us\\n\\n * Make a donation\\n * Our fundraising promise\\n * Leave a legacy\\n * Corporate giving\\n\\nInternational Cat Care's owner advice information is endorsed by:\\n\\nReg Charity 1117342 (England and Wales) Place Farm, Chilmark Road, Tisbury,\\nWiltshire SP3 6LW, UK © 2017 International Cat Care\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200730154917/http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The Basics of Cat Training « Cat Be Good\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Nam sodales mi vitae dolor ullamcorper et vulputate enim accumsan. Morbi orci magna, tincidunt vitae molestie nec, molestie at mi. Nulla nulla lorem, suscipit in posuere in, interdum non magna.\",\n \"Cats can be trained to come when called. Some will come running—even if asleep, hiding, or outside. Getting your cat to listen requires “Basic Training,” which is easier than it sounds. You don’t need squirt bottles or clickers. You’ll simply be able to talk to your cat and tell him what you want. And you’ll get it.\",\n \"Cats will listen. They will come when called. (White cats often are deaf, but most cats aren’t hard of hearing.) They’ll even learn tricks and hand signals if you want them to.\",\n \"Basic training builds strong and useful communication links between you and your cat. In this section, you’ll learn the three rules of basic training:\",\n \"Be aware of how to talk to him. Only say his name when he’s good. Never use his name with “No.”\",\n \"Also, throughout this website, suggestions are given on how to reward and reprimand certain good or bad behavior, such as scratching post training and aggression.\",\n \"Never reprimand him for peeing outside his box. That is like punishing a child for wetting the bed. See Litter Box Problems.\",\n \"Never use your cat’s name when giving a reprimand. Only use his name when giving praise, or calling him, or just talking with him. That way, he’ll always associate his name with something good.\",\n \"If you know your cat is about to misbehave, distract him with petting or a toy. Or simply talk to him and say his name to divert his mischief.\",\n \"Never reprimand him when he walks to you, or comes home. Always make coming home, or coming to you, a good and trustworthy experience.\",\n \"Rewards are a necessary part of training. Reprimands only teach a cat what not to do. Rewards should be reserved for reinforcing good behavior. Sometimes a cat owner does not know that he or she actually is rewarding bad behavior. A popular example is when one cat is mean to another cat—the bully often gets the attention when it’s the victim that should be getting it all.\",\n \"When the cat does something good, he needs to be recognized. Any attention or recognition given to him is a reward.\",\n \"Rewards can be anything the cat likes. It can be a “great” reward, such as food and going outside, or something as simple and quick as a pet or kind word. Playing with a lure toy or being massaged or brushed also may be favorite rewards.\",\n \"Another reward is simply to say your cat’s name anytime he’s good. You want to always have him know that when he hears his name, he is being good. Cut down on his guesswork. “Mommy said my name. I must be doing something good or she wouldn’t have said it!” Don’t say his name when what you mean is “I’m warning you.” And don’t say his name when he’s being a jerk.\",\n \"Rule number three says to always make it a pleasure for your cat to come to you or to come home. This means that if your cat even simply walks to you, don’t do something he thinks is bad, such as giving him a pill, taking him indoors, or trimming a nail. If you must do something “bad” to your cat, go to him. And let your cat know he’s welcomed home. Even if he was gone for several hours, and even if he got in a cat fight outside, give him a treat and sound pleased to see him as soon as he’s in the house.\",\n \"Food treats are listed in Cat Diet. Reserve food treats for when he’s been through something difficult. Besides making him feel better, this helps prevent stress-related behavior problems. Also remember to use a wet meal or treat to reinforce the “[come] here” command described in “Training Your Cat to Come When Called.”\",\n \"Unless he’s really super-old, it’s best not to give food treats for no rhyme or reason. Indiscriminate treats can start nasty habits, like nagging and bugging you for little tidbits throughout the day.\",\n \"When your cat gets into his carrier for a trip to the veterinarian, while at the vet’s office, and for the trip home\",\n \"A loud, simple “No” is about the only reprimand you’ll need to use. Just say “No!” Do not say his name when you use the word “no.” But even “no” must be used with caution; use only as much force in the word “no” as the cat can handle. Some cats are easily offended.\",\n \"Say “No” quickly in response to his walking on the counter, jumping on the stove, or scratching the sofa (but don’t start reprimanding for scratching the sofa until positive use of the scratching post has been ingrained for a few weeks). If he still doesn’t stop, say “No” again and loudly clap twice. Keep at him until he stops—even if you have to push him off the stove or counter or pick him up and carry him to his scratching post. He needs to know you mean business.\",\n \"As soon as your cat stops doing the misbehavior, tell him he’s a good boy. Whenever a cat is not doing something bad, he is being good. It does not matter if he was bad just five minutes ago; if he’s good right now, he needs to hear “Good boy!”\",\n \"Do not feed a cat or let him outside after seriously poor behavior, such as spraying or urinating. It’s okay to tell him he’s a good boy a few minutes later; just don’t feed him special food in the next half hour. Unless he lives outside, do not put him outside in response to his soiling the house. A cat will learn to do those things to be let outside.\",\n \"If he stops misbehaving before you can say “No,” don’t say it. It’s too late. In fact, depending on the situation and the type of misbehavior, you might want to praise him for stopping. For example, if he starts to jump on the counter and you look his way and he refrains, praise him.\",\n \"It’s very important to consistently respond to bad behavior. If you don’t want him on the counter, you need to say “No” every time you see it happen. Sometimes, cats will intentionally break rules just to see if you will be lazy today. Don’t let it go “just this once” or he will try longer and harder tomorrow. Once your cat learns that “no” means “no,” he often will learn that something is off-limits by being told just a few times.\",\n \"Scaring the cat also can be a reprimand. If your cat continues to jump the fence or onto the counter, set up a situation in which you can catch him at it without being seen. When he does it, scare him by throwing a can of pennies or making a loud noise from where you’re hiding. He is more likely to stop this behavior if he thinks he can’t even get away with it when he’s alone.\",\n \"Reserve the word “no” to mean never. When he wants something that he can’t have right now, say “Not now” or something like that. He’s not being bad; he may just be whining. If you tell him “not now,” enforce it. Do not give in until well after the cat has forgotten what it was he had wanted.\",\n \"Sometimes ignoring the cat can act as a reprimand. When a cat is acting like a bully or being foolish, give attention to the cats who are behaving well. Don’t even look him in the eye until he’s acting more civilized.\",\n \"Scruffing is controlling a cat by grabbing and holding the loose skin at the base of his neck. Mother cats scruff their kittens to carry them, but being scruffed is humiliating and frightening to an adult cat.\",\n \"Only scruff your cat when there is danger of injury to you or someone else, or to the cat himself. While he’s being scruffed, support his hind end with the other hand. Limit the scruff hold to as little time as possible, releasing the grip as soon as the danger has passed. In Outside/Inside Training you will see scruffing mentioned as a last-resort reprimand to be used if the cat crosses the street. That is the only time in this website that we recommend using scruffing as a reprimand. If you have to do it more than twice, the outside training is not worth continuing. Scruffing needs to be reserved for emergency stuff.\",\n \"Do not hit, spank, or otherwise hurt your cat as a way to deter bad behavior. Hitting only teaches your cat to fear you and run away from you. Hitting does not teach a cat what is expected of him and does not encourage him to trust people or their hands.\",\n \"Getting sprayed with water is a traumatic experience for a cat, and it should be done only to break up a serious cat fight. Spraying water may also be used to interrupt or distract your cat in a life-threatening situation such as crossing the street or trespassing into an angry neighbor’s yard. Keep a spray bottle or squirt gun on your back porch, or wherever else a serious confrontation is likely to occur.\",\n \"It’s really nice to have your cat come to you when you want him to. And it helps to make other training much easier.\",\n \"You can train your cat to come when called. Soon after you start using the techniques in this section, all you’ll have to say is, “Here, {cat’s name}” and he’ll come running to you, even outdoors on a nice day.\",\n \"Start feeding him his wet meals at the same time every day. When he shows up to eat, say “Here” with his name even if he’s only a few feet away. When he reaches you, say “Good boy {his name}” and place the meal in front of him. Pet him and let him eat. Do this with every meal or special treat that you give him. Soon, he will associate your call with eating and will be very motivated to show up.\",\n \"When your cat comes dependably for his wet meals, start calling him when he’s a few feet away. Graduate to calling when he’s in another room. Choose times when he’s walking toward you and likely to reach you. This helps build habit and success. Say “Here” with his name. Pet him and then feed him when he arrives.\",\n \"Make him earn his food by allowing you to touch him before he gets his meal. When he’s doing pretty well on coming to you from short distances, start calling him at unexpected times, such as naps, but do this only when he’s going to get a really good reward, such as his afternoon walk or his favorite toy.\",\n \"Say the same words in the same style every time so that he becomes conditioned to expect only good things any time he hears that particular tone and combination.\",\n \"In the first few months, do not pick up or hold a cat that comes to your call. Let him walk freely on the ground unless he asks you specifically to be picked up. The more you let a cat have his freedom when he comes when called, the more likely it is that he’ll walk to you again. As time goes by, he may not mind being picked up and held, even when he didn’t ask.\",\n \"After your cat is coming for wet meals he’ll be ready for a few nonfood rewards when you call him. Use whatever your cat is enticed by: praise and petting, play, massage, catnip, or a walk outside. Continue to say “Here” with his name before wet meals every day.\",\n \"A cat will walk in the direction of whatever he wants. Whether it’s play, food, or outside walks, he’ll walk in that direction and stay in the area where he gets those things while looking directly in your eyes. If he walks to you and stays near you, he probably wants to be petted and massaged. When he hurriedly walks away from you, he’s most likely trying to show you what he wants.\",\n \"He’ll also hang out where he was last brushed or played with to see if he’ll get brushed or played with again. He’ll look at you and then look at his brush or toy.\",\n \"Get him more used to doing things that you ask of him. When you think he’s in the mood to do what you want, ask him if that’s what he’ll do, such as “Time to scratch” or “Here, Kitty!” The more choices he thinks he’s allowed to make, the more he’ll make the ones you want him too, when you want him to.\",\n \"Copyright 2017 Annie Bruce (Ph: 303-530-9000) | All Rights Reserved The information on CatBeGood.com is not meant to take the place of medical advice or expert veterinary care. Consult a vet if you suspect your cat might be ill. CatBeGood.com's advice is tailored only to spayed or neutered non-feral (tame) cats. If your cat isn’t altered, see Getting Your Cat Spayed or Neutered.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The Basics of Cat Training « Cat Be Good\\n\\n### Categories\\n\\n * Cat Advocacy (4)\\n * Cat Aging (1)\\n * Cat Basics (11)\\n * Cat Behavior (4)\\n * Cat Charities (2)\\n * Cat Life (6)\\n * Cat Products (1)\\n * Cat Resources (7)\\n * Declawing (4)\\n * Misc (7)\\n\\n### Archives\\n\\n * May 2009\\n * April 2009\\n\\n### A sample text widget\\n\\nEtiam pulvinar consectetur dolor sed malesuada. Ut convallis euismod dolor nec\\npretium. Nunc ut tristique massa.\\n\\nNam sodales mi vitae dolor ullamcorper et vulputate enim accumsan. Morbi orci\\nmagna, tincidunt vitae molestie nec, molestie at mi. Nulla nulla lorem,\\nsuscipit in posuere in, interdum non magna.\\n\\n|\\n\\n# The Basics of Cat Training\\n\\nCats can be trained to come when called. Some will come running—even if\\nasleep, hiding, or outside. Getting your cat to listen requires “Basic\\nTraining,” which is easier than it sounds. You don’t need squirt bottles or\\nclickers. You’ll simply be able to talk to your cat and tell him what you\\nwant. And you’ll get it.\\n\\nCats will listen. They will come when called. (White cats often are deaf, but\\nmost cats aren’t hard of hearing.) They’ll even learn tricks and hand signals\\nif you want them to.\\n\\nBasic training builds strong and useful communication links between you and\\nyour cat. In this section, you’ll learn the three rules of basic training:\\n\\n 1. Never hit him. Trust is necessary for training. Hitting will not teach a cat to trust you.\\n 2. Be aware of how to talk to him. Only say his name when he’s good. Never use his name with “No.”\\n 3. Always make it a pleasure for him to come to you or to come home. No matter what.\\n\\nAlso, throughout this website, suggestions are given on how to reward and\\nreprimand certain good or bad behavior, such as scratching post training and\\naggression.\\n\\nBasic Training Tips\\n\\n * Never reprimand him for peeing outside his box. That is like punishing a child for wetting the bed. See Litter Box Problems.\\n * Never use your cat’s name when giving a reprimand. Only use his name when giving praise, or calling him, or just talking with him. That way, he’ll always associate his name with something good.\\n * If you know your cat is about to misbehave, distract him with petting or a toy. Or simply talk to him and say his name to divert his mischief.\\n * Never reprimand him when he walks to you, or comes home. Always make coming home, or coming to you, a good and trustworthy experience.\\n\\nRewards\\n\\nRewards are a necessary part of training. Reprimands only teach a cat what not\\nto do. Rewards should be reserved for reinforcing good behavior. Sometimes a\\ncat owner does not know that he or she actually is rewarding bad behavior. A\\npopular example is when one cat is mean to another cat—the bully often gets\\nthe attention when it’s the victim that should be getting it all.\\n\\nWhen the cat does something good, he needs to be recognized. Any attention or\\nrecognition given to him is a reward.\\n\\nRewards can be anything the cat likes. It can be a “great” reward, such as\\nfood and going outside, or something as simple and quick as a pet or kind\\nword. Playing with a lure toy or being massaged or brushed also may be\\nfavorite rewards.\\n\\nAnother reward is simply to say your cat’s name anytime he’s good. You want to\\nalways have him know that when he hears his name, he is being good. Cut down\\non his guesswork. “Mommy said my name. I must be doing something good or she\\nwouldn’t have said it!” Don’t say his name when what you mean is “I’m warning\\nyou.” And don’t say his name when he’s being a jerk.\\n\\nRule number three says to always make it a pleasure for your cat to come to\\nyou or to come home. This means that if your cat even simply walks to you,\\ndon’t do something he thinks is bad, such as giving him a pill, taking him\\nindoors, or trimming a nail. If you must do something “bad” to your cat, go to\\nhim. And let your cat know he’s welcomed home. Even if he was gone for several\\nhours, and even if he got in a cat fight outside, give him a treat and sound\\npleased to see him as soon as he’s in the house.\\n\\nRewards for Good Behavior\\n\\n * Food treat\\n * A trip outside\\n * Play time with you\\n * Catnip\\n * Petting\\n * Praise (say his name!)\\n\\nFood Treats As Rewards\\n\\nFood treats are listed in Cat Diet. Reserve food treats for when he’s been\\nthrough something difficult. Besides making him feel better, this helps\\nprevent stress-related behavior problems. Also remember to use a wet meal or\\ntreat to reinforce the “[come] here” command described in “Training Your Cat\\nto Come When Called.”\\n\\nUnless he’s really super-old, it’s best not to give food treats for no rhyme\\nor reason. Indiscriminate treats can start nasty habits, like nagging and\\nbugging you for little tidbits throughout the day.\\n\\nGood Times to Give a Food Treat\\n\\n * When your cat gets into his carrier for a trip to the veterinarian, while at the vet’s office, and for the trip home\\n * After cleaning his ears or giving him medicine or other home treatments\\n * When he comes when called under stress\\n * Always when he comes home! (Or plan his wet meal for the end of his walk)\\n * To a senior citizen cat, daily, just because he’s old\\n\\nReprimands\\n\\nA loud, simple “No” is about the only reprimand you’ll need to use. Just say\\n“No!” Do not say his name when you use the word “no.” But even “no” must be\\nused with caution; use only as much force in the word “no” as the cat can\\nhandle. Some cats are easily offended.\\n\\nSay “No” quickly in response to his walking on the counter, jumping on the\\nstove, or scratching the sofa (but don’t start reprimanding for scratching the\\nsofa until positive use of the scratching post has been ingrained for a few\\nweeks). If he still doesn’t stop, say “No” again and loudly clap twice. Keep\\nat him until he stops—even if you have to push him off the stove or counter or\\npick him up and carry him to his scratching post. He needs to know you mean\\nbusiness.\\n\\nAs soon as your cat stops doing the misbehavior, tell him he’s a good boy.\\nWhenever a cat is not doing something bad, he is being good. It does not\\nmatter if he was bad just five minutes ago; if he’s good right now, he needs\\nto hear “Good boy!”\\n\\nDo not feed a cat or let him outside after seriously poor behavior, such as\\nspraying or urinating. It’s okay to tell him he’s a good boy a few minutes\\nlater; just don’t feed him special food in the next half hour. Unless he lives\\noutside, do not put him outside in response to his soiling the house. A cat\\nwill learn to do those things to be let outside.\\n\\nIf he stops misbehaving before you can say “No,” don’t say it. It’s too late.\\nIn fact, depending on the situation and the type of misbehavior, you might\\nwant to praise him for stopping. For example, if he starts to jump on the\\ncounter and you look his way and he refrains, praise him.\\n\\nIt’s very important to consistently respond to bad behavior. If you don’t want\\nhim on the counter, you need to say “No” every time you see it happen.\\nSometimes, cats will intentionally break rules just to see if you will be lazy\\ntoday. Don’t let it go “just this once” or he will try longer and harder\\ntomorrow. Once your cat learns that “no” means “no,” he often will learn that\\nsomething is off-limits by being told just a few times.\\n\\nScaring the cat also can be a reprimand. If your cat continues to jump the\\nfence or onto the counter, set up a situation in which you can catch him at it\\nwithout being seen. When he does it, scare him by throwing a can of pennies or\\nmaking a loud noise from where you’re hiding. He is more likely to stop this\\nbehavior if he thinks he can’t even get away with it when he’s alone.\\n\\nReserve the word “no” to mean never. When he wants something that he can’t\\nhave right now, say “Not now” or something like that. He’s not being bad; he\\nmay just be whining. If you tell him “not now,” enforce it. Do not give in\\nuntil well after the cat has forgotten what it was he had wanted.\\n\\nSometimes ignoring the cat can act as a reprimand. When a cat is acting like a\\nbully or being foolish, give attention to the cats who are behaving well.\\nDon’t even look him in the eye until he’s acting more civilized.\\n\\nHelpful Hint\\n\\nDon’t say “no” when he scratches or bites. Say “Ouch” instead. (Also see\\nDealing with Cat Aggression.)\\n\\nScruffing\\n\\nScruffing is controlling a cat by grabbing and holding the loose skin at the\\nbase of his neck. Mother cats scruff their kittens to carry them, but being\\nscruffed is humiliating and frightening to an adult cat.\\n\\nOnly scruff your cat when there is danger of injury to you or someone else, or\\nto the cat himself. While he’s being scruffed, support his hind end with the\\nother hand. Limit the scruff hold to as little time as possible, releasing the\\ngrip as soon as the danger has passed. In Outside/Inside Training you will see\\nscruffing mentioned as a last-resort reprimand to be used if the cat crosses\\nthe street. That is the only time in this website that we recommend using\\nscruffing as a reprimand. If you have to do it more than twice, the outside\\ntraining is not worth continuing. Scruffing needs to be reserved for emergency\\nstuff.\\n\\nDon’t Hit Him or Squirt Him\\n\\nDo not hit, spank, or otherwise hurt your cat as a way to deter bad behavior.\\nHitting only teaches your cat to fear you and run away from you. Hitting does\\nnot teach a cat what is expected of him and does not encourage him to trust\\npeople or their hands.\\n\\nGetting sprayed with water is a traumatic experience for a cat, and it should\\nbe done only to break up a serious cat fight. Spraying water may also be used\\nto interrupt or distract your cat in a life-threatening situation such as\\ncrossing the street or trespassing into an angry neighbor’s yard. Keep a spray\\nbottle or squirt gun on your back porch, or wherever else a serious\\nconfrontation is likely to occur.\\n\\nTraining Your Cat to Come When Called\\n\\nIt’s really nice to have your cat come to you when you want him to. And it\\nhelps to make other training much easier.\\n\\nYou can train your cat to come when called. Soon after you start using the\\ntechniques in this section, all you’ll have to say is, “Here, {cat’s name}”\\nand he’ll come running to you, even outdoors on a nice day.\\n\\nStart feeding him his wet meals at the same time every day. When he shows up\\nto eat, say “Here” with his name even if he’s only a few feet away. When he\\nreaches you, say “Good boy {his name}” and place the meal in front of him. Pet\\nhim and let him eat. Do this with every meal or special treat that you give\\nhim. Soon, he will associate your call with eating and will be very motivated\\nto show up.\\n\\nWhen your cat comes dependably for his wet meals, start calling him when he’s\\na few feet away. Graduate to calling when he’s in another room. Choose times\\nwhen he’s walking toward you and likely to reach you. This helps build habit\\nand success. Say “Here” with his name. Pet him and then feed him when he\\narrives.\\n\\nMake him earn his food by allowing you to touch him before he gets his meal.\\nWhen he’s doing pretty well on coming to you from short distances, start\\ncalling him at unexpected times, such as naps, but do this only when he’s\\ngoing to get a really good reward, such as his afternoon walk or his favorite\\ntoy.\\n\\nSay the same words in the same style every time so that he becomes conditioned\\nto expect only good things any time he hears that particular tone and\\ncombination.\\n\\nIn the first few months, do not pick up or hold a cat that comes to your call.\\nLet him walk freely on the ground unless he asks you specifically to be picked\\nup. The more you let a cat have his freedom when he comes when called, the\\nmore likely it is that he’ll walk to you again. As time goes by, he may not\\nmind being picked up and held, even when he didn’t ask.\\n\\nAfter your cat is coming for wet meals he’ll be ready for a few nonfood\\nrewards when you call him. Use whatever your cat is enticed by: praise and\\npetting, play, massage, catnip, or a walk outside. Continue to say “Here” with\\nhis name before wet meals every day.\\n\\nHelpful Hints\\n\\nAsk your cat what he wants, and then follow him to where he leads you.\\n\\nA cat will walk in the direction of whatever he wants. Whether it’s play,\\nfood, or outside walks, he’ll walk in that direction and stay in the area\\nwhere he gets those things while looking directly in your eyes. If he walks to\\nyou and stays near you, he probably wants to be petted and massaged. When he\\nhurriedly walks away from you, he’s most likely trying to show you what he\\nwants.\\n\\nHe’ll also hang out where he was last brushed or played with to see if he’ll\\nget brushed or played with again. He’ll look at you and then look at his brush\\nor toy.\\n\\nGet him more used to doing things that you ask of him. When you think he’s in\\nthe mood to do what you want, ask him if that’s what he’ll do, such as “Time\\nto scratch” or “Here, Kitty!” The more choices he thinks he’s allowed to make,\\nthe more he’ll make the ones you want him too, when you want him to.\\n\\nSound happy to see him. Saying his name and “Hey, where you been, man?” can\\nmake him feel special.\\n\\nSay “Hello, {cat’s name}!” when cat enters the room.\\n\\nSay “I’m sorry, {cat’s name},” when it is your fault that he ran into you.\\n\\nShopping List\\n\\n * Cat toys\\n * Cat brush\\n * Catnip\\n * Food treats\\n * Optional\\n * Empty soda can with a few pennies in it (put tape over the opening on the can)\\n\\nSee Cat Products.\\n\\nComments are closed. \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nHome | Contact Us | About the Author | Testimonials | Moses's Story\\n\\nCopyright 2017 Annie Bruce (Ph: 303-530-9000) | All Rights Reserved The\\ninformation on CatBeGood.com is not meant to take the place of medical advice\\nor expert veterinary care. Consult a vet if you suspect your cat might be ill.\\nCatBeGood.com's advice is tailored only to spayed or neutered non-feral (tame)\\ncats. If your cat isn’t altered, see Getting Your Cat Spayed or Neutered.\\n\\nPowered by WordPress & Atahualpa\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161208114738/http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Differences Between Cats and Dogs – Banfield Pet Hospital®\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Differences Between Cats and Dogs – Banfield Pet Hospital®\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20151013073822/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Training Your Cat\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Most people believe that cats can’t be trained because cats don’t seem to respond to many of the methods used to train dogs. But cats do respond to training! In fact one of the first scientific studies highlighting the importance of reinforcement in animal behavior was done with cats.\",\n \"The first step to training your cat is to understand him. Cats aren’t as social as dogs. Dogs have been bred specifically to work together with people, whereas the primary reason cats were domesticated was to kill vermin on their own. So they’re independent, and they aren’t as naturally inclined to work for praise and attention as dogs are. They’re also not as easy to motivate. You have to use really special treats that your cat finds irresistible. Training a cat requires some creativity and patience.\",\n \"Training your cat has important benefits. You’re stimulating his body and his mind, which helps keep him healthy. And spending time together means you’re strengthening the bond you share. In addition to teaching fun tricks like wave and fetch, you can also teach him a range of useful behaviors like sit, stay and to come when called. You could even teach your cat to pee in the toilet and flush afterwards!\",\n \"The first step is to find a treat that your cat goes crazy for. Fresh chicken diced in tiny cubes, bits of tuna, meat-flavored baby food, and commercial cat treats are all good choices. Once you’ve identified treats your cat likes, follow the basic steps of positive reinforcement training (reward-based training) to teach him the behavior you want. Suppose you’d like your cat to sit and stay on a stool while you prepare his dinner. You’ll first need to start with teaching him to sit when you ask him to:\",\n \"First, make sure you have your cat’s attention. Hold the tasty treat in your fingers right at your cat’s nose. When your cat begins to sniff the treat, slowly move it in an arc from his nose up just over his head between his ears. (Don’t raise it straight up, or you’ll be teaching your cat to stand on his rear legs rather than sit!) Many cats will follow this arc motion with their eyes and nose, and as their chin raises up and back, their butt will go down.\",\n \"Second, the instant your cat’s bottom hits the floor, praise him and offer him the treat. If his rear doesn’t go all the way down on the first try, give him the treat anyway. Over several repetitions of practice, give him a treat each time his rear gets slightly closer, until he’s gets into a complete sit with his rear all the way on the floor.\",\n \"Cats don’t see things well that are still and close-up, so if your cat has difficulty taking the treat from your fingers, try offering it to him in your flat palm or tossing it on the floor. He’ll see the movement when you toss it and know where the treat is.\",\n \"A clicker can make training easier and faster. If you don’t have a clicker, you can use a pen that makes a clicking sound. The instant your cat does the correct behavior, click and then offer a treat. The click lets your cat know the instant he does the right thing, so it helps him catch on faster. Just make sure you click at the exact moment he does the behavior you want, and then give him a treat. Cats learn through repetition, just like we do, so you’ll need to practice a few times in a row. Keep your training sessions short though—just a few minutes at a time. Most cats get bored if you try to drill the same thing over and over.\",\n \"While training your cat, keep in mind that cats respond very poorly to punishment! Rather than learning what behavior not to do, a punished cat usually just learns to run away. Depending on your cat’s temperament, punishment can frighten your cat to the point where he may hide from you and your family members. Punishment creates stress, and stress is one of the most common causes for problem behaviors in cats, including eliminating outside of the litter box and compulsive grooming. Stress also compromises the immune system, making your cat more vulnerable to disease, including feline idiopathic cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).\",\n \"It’s much easier to train your cat when you reward behaviors you want and offer him more attractive alternatives for behaviors you don’t want. Persuasion, not punishment, is the key to training your cat. If you patiently practice and reward your cat with treats, you’ll soon have a cat who’s sitting on cue and purring contentedly.\",\n \"If you’d like to learn how to train your cat, or if your cat has a behavior problem you’d like to resolve, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified behaviorist. To learn more about locating the right expert for you and your cat, please see our article, Finding Professional Help. Many Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists (CAABs or ACAABs) offer telephone consultations, in-home private consultations and training sessions, and some Certified Professional Dog Trainers also offer group classes for kitten socialization and basic training.\",\n \"Cat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to transport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your cat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could cause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\",\n \"By having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors in a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy weight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat to wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\",\n \"When your cat masters the skill of coming when you call him, it will be easy to summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Training your cat can give him a great mental workout and will strengthen the bond between you two.\",\n \"Cats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s mental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves circulation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging cats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\",\n \"There are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active and fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to explore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\",\n \"Clicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to tell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\",\n \"© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Training Your Cat | ASPCA\\n\\n## Main menu\\n\\n * Fight Cruelty\\n * Adopt\\n * Pet Care\\n\\n * Animal Poison Control\\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\\n\\n * Cat Behavior\\n * Dog Behavior\\n * Horse Behavior\\n * Dog Care\\n * Cat Care\\n * Horse Care\\n * Small Pet Care\\n * Pet Loss\\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\\n * Disaster Preparedness\\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\\n * Pet Food Recall\\n * Pet Nutrition Service\\n * NYC\\n * Blog\\n * Get Involved\\n * For Parents\\n * About Us\\n * Donate\\n\\nFollow Us On:\\n\\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\\n\\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\\n\\nBecome a Member »\\n\\nASPCA\\n\\nPet Care\\n\\n## You are here\\n\\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Cat Behavior > Training Your Cat\\n\\n# Training Your Cat\\n\\n## Bookmark/Search this post\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Google Plus One\\n\\n * Email\\n * Print\\n\\nMost people believe that cats can’t be trained because cats don’t seem to\\nrespond to many of the methods used to train dogs. But cats do respond to\\ntraining! In fact one of the first scientific studies highlighting the\\nimportance of reinforcement in animal behavior was done with cats.\\n\\nThe first step to training your cat is to understand him. Cats aren’t as\\nsocial as dogs. Dogs have been bred specifically to work together with people,\\nwhereas the primary reason cats were domesticated was to kill vermin on their\\nown. So they’re independent, and they aren’t as naturally inclined to work for\\npraise and attention as dogs are. They’re also not as easy to motivate. You\\nhave to use really special treats that your cat finds irresistible. Training a\\ncat requires some creativity and patience.\\n\\nTraining your cat has important benefits. You’re stimulating his body and his\\nmind, which helps keep him healthy. And spending time together means you’re\\nstrengthening the bond you share. In addition to teaching fun tricks like wave\\nand fetch, you can also teach him a range of useful behaviors like sit, stay\\nand to come when called. You could even teach your cat to pee in the toilet\\nand flush afterwards!\\n\\nUse Tasty Treats\\n\\nThe first step is to find a treat that your cat goes crazy for. Fresh chicken\\ndiced in tiny cubes, bits of tuna, meat-flavored baby food, and commercial cat\\ntreats are all good choices. Once you’ve identified treats your cat likes,\\nfollow the basic steps of positive reinforcement training (reward-based\\ntraining) to teach him the behavior you want. Suppose you’d like your cat to\\nsit and stay on a stool while you prepare his dinner. You’ll first need to\\nstart with teaching him to sit when you ask him to:\\n\\n * First, make sure you have your cat’s attention. Hold the tasty treat in your fingers right at your cat’s nose. When your cat begins to sniff the treat, slowly move it in an arc from his nose up just over his head between his ears. (Don’t raise it straight up, or you’ll be teaching your cat to stand on his rear legs rather than sit!) Many cats will follow this arc motion with their eyes and nose, and as their chin raises up and back, their butt will go down.\\n * Second, the instant your cat’s bottom hits the floor, praise him and offer him the treat. If his rear doesn’t go all the way down on the first try, give him the treat anyway. Over several repetitions of practice, give him a treat each time his rear gets slightly closer, until he’s gets into a complete sit with his rear all the way on the floor.\\n\\nCats don’t see things well that are still and close-up, so if your cat has\\ndifficulty taking the treat from your fingers, try offering it to him in your\\nflat palm or tossing it on the floor. He’ll see the movement when you toss it\\nand know where the treat is.\\n\\nUse a Clicker\\n\\nA clicker can make training easier and faster. If you don’t have a clicker,\\nyou can use a pen that makes a clicking sound. The instant your cat does the\\ncorrect behavior, click and then offer a treat. The click lets your cat know\\nthe instant he does the right thing, so it helps him catch on faster. Just\\nmake sure you click at the exact moment he does the behavior you want, and\\nthen give him a treat. Cats learn through repetition, just like we do, so\\nyou’ll need to practice a few times in a row. Keep your training sessions\\nshort though—just a few minutes at a time. Most cats get bored if you try to\\ndrill the same thing over and over.\\n\\nNo Punishment!\\n\\nWhile training your cat, keep in mind that cats respond very poorly to\\npunishment! Rather than learning what behavior not to do, a punished cat\\nusually just learns to run away. Depending on your cat’s temperament,\\npunishment can frighten your cat to the point where he may hide from you and\\nyour family members. Punishment creates stress, and stress is one of the most\\ncommon causes for problem behaviors in cats, including eliminating outside of\\nthe litter box and compulsive grooming. Stress also compromises the immune\\nsystem, making your cat more vulnerable to disease, including feline\\nidiopathic cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).\\n\\nIt’s much easier to train your cat when you reward behaviors you want and\\noffer him more attractive alternatives for behaviors you don’t want.\\nPersuasion, not punishment, is the key to training your cat. If you patiently\\npractice and reward your cat with treats, you’ll soon have a cat who’s sitting\\non cue and purring contentedly.\\n\\nFinding Help and More Information\\n\\nIf you’d like to learn how to train your cat, or if your cat has a behavior\\nproblem you’d like to resolve, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified\\nbehaviorist. To learn more about locating the right expert for you and your\\ncat, please see our article, Finding Professional Help. Many Certified Applied\\nAnimal Behaviorists (CAABs or ACAABs) offer telephone consultations, in-home\\nprivate consultations and training sessions, and some Certified Professional\\nDog Trainers also offer group classes for kitten socialization and basic\\ntraining.\\n\\nHere are a few books and links to explore:\\n\\n * Clicker Training for Cats Fun Kit by Karen Pryor\\n * Teaching Your Cat Simple Tricks by Arden Moore\\n * Cat Behavior and Training: Veterinary Advice for Owners by Ackerman, Landsberg and Hunthausen\\n * Good Owners, Great Cats by Kilcommons and Wilson\\n * International Cat Agility Tournaments\\n\\n## Related Links\\n\\nTeaching Your Cat to Ride in a Carrier\\n\\nCat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to\\ntransport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your\\ncat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could\\ncause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\\n\\nTeaching Your Cat to Walk on a Leash\\n\\nBy having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors\\nin a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy\\nweight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat\\nto wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\\n\\nTeaching Your Cat to Come When Called\\n\\nWhen your cat masters the skill of coming when you call him, it will be easy\\nto summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Training your cat can give\\nhim a great mental workout and will strengthen the bond between you two.\\n\\nCat Toys\\n\\nCats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s\\nmental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves\\ncirculation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging\\ncats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\\n\\nEnriching Your Cat's Life\\n\\nThere are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active\\nand fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to\\nexplore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\\n\\nClicker Training Your Pet\\n\\nClicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to\\ntell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\\n\\n## In this Section\\n\\n * Animal Poison Control\\n\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\\n\\n * Cat Behavior\\n * Dog Behavior\\n * Horse Behavior\\n * Dog Care\\n * Cat Care\\n * Horse Care\\n * Small Pet Care\\n\\n * Pet Loss\\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\\n * Disaster Preparedness\\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\\n * Pet Food Recall\\n * Pet Nutrition Service\\n\\n * Donate Today\\n * Become a Monthly Donor\\n\\n## Our Partners\\n\\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\\n\\n#### Protect Your Pets\\n\\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\\n\\nJoin Team ASPCA\\n\\nDonate Your Birthday\\n\\n * Fight Cruelty\\n\\n * Report Animal Cruelty\\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\\n * Advocacy Center\\n * View More »\\n * Adopt\\n\\n * Adoptable Dogs\\n * Adoptable Cats\\n * Adoption Tips\\n * Meet Your Match\\n * Find a Shelter\\n * View More »\\n * Pet Care\\n\\n * Animal Poison Control\\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\\n * Cat Care\\n * Dog Care\\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\\n * Pet Planning\\n * View More »\\n * NYC\\n\\n * Adoption Center\\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\\n * View More »\\n * Get Involved\\n\\n * Join Team ASPCA\\n * Advocacy Center\\n * Donate Your Birthday\\n * Create a Memorial Page\\n * Create a Wedding Page\\n * View More »\\n * About Us\\n\\n * Pressroom\\n * Jobs\\n * Corporate Partnerships\\n * ASPCA Grants\\n * Policies and Positions\\n * Annual Report & Form 990\\n * View More »\\n * Donate\\n\\n * Make a Donation\\n * Become a Monthly Donor\\n * Planned Giving\\n * Memorial Gift\\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\\n * Vehicle Donations\\n * Other Ways to Give »\\n\\n## Footer Info Menu\\n\\n * FAQ\\n * Legal Info\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\\n\\n## Footer Contact Menu\\n\\n * ASPCApro.org »\\n * Contact\\n * Jobs\\n * Pressroom\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180706222910/http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Before you start training your kitten, the most important thing to remember is that cats only get motivated if they can see something in it for themselves. This makes training cats that much harder than training dogs. Dogs are pack animals and are used to being bossed by the top animal in the hierarchy of the pack. Cats are free spirits and insofar as they recognize a hierarchy, they tend to assume they are at the top of it. From a cat’s perspective, rules are for other species.\",\n \"However, if you can convince your kitten that it is worth it for her to do something for you, the kitten will be prepared to go along. And the obvious motivator for a feline is food. Cats are hunters and unless they are full and sleepy they are always prepared to make an effort to procure their next meal. So a tasty treat will almost never be ignored.\",\n \"There’s a saying that goes ‘Dogs come when called. Cats ask you to leave a message.’ Having a cat which obediently turns up when called is the dream of every human who shares a home with a feline. And in fact it is actually not that hard to teach a kitten to come trotting up when summoned. Of course even with the best training, there will be times when this won’t work, because in general cats only hear what they want to hear, and sometimes they don’t want to hear you calling. But kittens which have been taught to respond to their name will tend to come to see what’s up if you’ve given them the right incentive.\",\n \"But before we can get our kitten to rush over when we call her, she needs to know her name. Cats respond better to pleasant-sounding short names, so don’t be too creative. If you live somewhere that the cat can range far, choose a name that finishes with a plosive. It’s easier to call ‘Pip-PA’ across a meadow than ‘Princess Furryboots III’ and you can still be imaginative - for example, how about Kohnsu (an Egyptian moon goddess)?\",\n \"Once you have decided on the name for your kitten, it is time to make sure that she knows it too. One important rule is that the kitten should have pleasant associations with hearing her name. So when scolding the kitten - for example for clawing the curtains - don’t use her name. Instead, repeat the name frequently when feeding the kitten or playing with her. For example, say her name and then give her a treat or say her name and then roll a ball to her. Once you notice she responds positively to hearing her name you are a long way towards training your kitten. Now you can move on to teaching her to respond by coming to you when she is called.\",\n \"For training we need a kitten who is a bit hungry. We want her to respond with more eagerness to your call. So feed the kitten a bit less than her normal portion. To start the training session, say the kitten’s name and then feed her a small treat. Repeat two or three times more and then move a small distance away from her. Next call her name adding the word ‘come’ . Chances are the kitten will come over in the hope that more food is on the way. So don’t disappoint her. In training cats, remember that they don’t take discouragement well. Once kitty has developed a ‘to hell with it’ attitude, it’s hard to re-establish co-operation.\",\n \"So when the kitten has come over, make sure you give her a small treat and a gentle pat on the head. Move again and repeat the process. Always call her by name and add the word ‘come’. Keep this up for about a week. You may also start using a hand gesture like stretching out your hand or beckoning. Once the kitten comes regularly when called you do not need to give her a treat every time, but always stroke her or scratch her head to show that you are pleased to see her. And it does not harm to reinforce the process by offering a treat from time to time as a reward.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Know Your Cat - Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it\\n\\nHome\\n\\ncat health\\n\\ncat info\\n\\nget a cat\\n\\ncat travel\\n\\nlibrary\\n\\nquizzes\\n\\nservices\\n\\n|\\n\\n### Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it\\n\\n| 'Dogs come when called. Cats take a message.' \\n--- \\n \\nBefore you start training your kitten, the most important thing to remember is\\nthat cats only get motivated if they can see something in it for themselves.\\nThis makes training cats that much harder than training dogs. Dogs are pack\\nanimals and are used to being bossed by the top animal in the hierarchy of the\\npack. Cats are free spirits and insofar as they recognize a hierarchy, they\\ntend to assume they are at the top of it. From a cat’s perspective, rules are\\nfor other species. \\n \\nHowever, if you can convince your kitten that it is worth it for her to do\\nsomething for you, the kitten will be prepared to go along. And the obvious\\nmotivator for a feline is food. Cats are hunters and unless they are full and\\nsleepy they are always prepared to make an effort to procure their next meal.\\nSo a tasty treat will almost never be ignored.\\n\\nThere’s a saying that goes ‘Dogs come when called. Cats ask you to leave a\\nmessage.’ Having a cat which obediently turns up when called is the dream of\\nevery human who shares a home with a feline. And in fact it is actually not\\nthat hard to teach a kitten to come trotting up when summoned. Of course even\\nwith the best training, there will be times when this won’t work, because in\\ngeneral cats only hear what they want to hear, and sometimes they don’t want\\nto hear you calling. But kittens which have been taught to respond to their\\nname will tend to come to see what’s up if you’ve given them the right\\nincentive.\\n\\nBut before we can get our kitten to rush over when we call her, she needs to\\nknow her name. Cats respond better to pleasant-sounding short names, so don’t\\nbe too creative. If you live somewhere that the cat can range far, choose a\\nname that finishes with a plosive. It’s easier to call ‘Pip-PA’ across a\\nmeadow than ‘Princess Furryboots III’ and you can still be imaginative - for\\nexample, how about Kohnsu (an Egyptian moon goddess)?\\n\\nOnce you have decided on the name for your kitten, it is time to make sure\\nthat she knows it too. One important rule is that the kitten should have\\npleasant associations with hearing her name. So when scolding the kitten - for\\nexample for clawing the curtains - don’t use her name. Instead, repeat the\\nname frequently when feeding the kitten or playing with her. For example, say\\nher name and then give her a treat or say her name and then roll a ball to\\nher. Once you notice she responds positively to hearing her name you are a\\nlong way towards training your kitten. Now you can move on to teaching her to\\nrespond by coming to you when she is called.\\n\\nFor training we need a kitten who is a bit hungry. We want her to respond with\\nmore eagerness to your call. So feed the kitten a bit less than her normal\\nportion. To start the training session, say the kitten’s name and then feed\\nher a small treat. Repeat two or three times more and then move a small\\ndistance away from her. Next call her name adding the word ‘come’ . Chances\\nare the kitten will come over in the hope that more food is on the way. So\\ndon’t disappoint her. In training cats, remember that they don’t take\\ndiscouragement well. Once kitty has developed a ‘to hell with it’ attitude,\\nit’s hard to re-establish co-operation.\\n\\nSo when the kitten has come over, make sure you give her a small treat and a\\ngentle pat on the head. Move again and repeat the process. Always call her by\\nname and add the word ‘come’. Keep this up for about a week. You may also\\nstart using a hand gesture like stretching out your hand or beckoning. Once\\nthe kitten comes regularly when called you do not need to give her a treat\\nevery time, but always stroke her or scratch her head to show that you are\\npleased to see her. And it does not harm to reinforce the process by offering\\na treat from time to time as a reward.\\n\\nknowyour cat.info \\n \\nHome What's new Contact Us\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150905073404/http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Teaching your cat to come when called is both fun and practical. Once he masters this skill, you’ll be able to quickly summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Not only will this make your life easier—your cat will benefit, too. Training can give him a great mental workout and strengthen your bond. Learning to come when called might even save his life one day if he dashes out of your house.\",\n \"Many people don’t realize how trainable cats are. This is a shame because cats are just as smart as dogs. They just need a reason to show off their ability to learn! The key to training cats is to figure out how to motivate them. It may take some time, but he’ll be eager to learn new things once you identify what he’s willing to work for.\",\n \"Many cats love mealtime, so one of the easiest ways to teach a cat to come when called is to make a consistent noise—such as a whistle or tongue click—or call his name (“Max, come!”) right before you start preparing his food each day. The sound you make will become your command or cue. Make sure you give the cue before you crinkle a bag of cat food or use a can opener. If your cat hears food-preparing sounds first, he’ll come in response to them rather than your cue. (In fact, those enticing sounds will likely excite him so much that he won’t even hear you!) After a week or so of mealtime training, you can move on to the exercises below.\",\n \"First, you’ll need to figure out what your cat likes most in the world. For many cats, this might be a flake of tuna, a tiny piece of chicken or a bit of meat-flavored baby food on a spoon. For others, it might be playing with a laser light or a special fluttering wand toy. Experiment and choose two or three of your cat’s favorite things. Each time you call your cat, you’ll surprise him with one of these things. Be sure to mix it up so that your cat never knows which wonderful reward he’s going to get. The element of surprise will make him more motivated to come to you.\",\n \"Train at a time when your cat is motivated to work. For example, if you’re going to reward him with treats, have sessions right before dinnertime. If you plan to use toys instead, train when you know he’ll be energetic and ready to play.\",\n \"Say your cue. Standing just a foot or two away from your cat, make the special sound you’ve chosen or say a verbal cue, like “Max, come!”\",\n \"Reward your cat. Immediately give your cat his reward. If your cat is the playful sort, you can reward him with a few seconds of playtime. However, because you’ll need to repeat this exercise, it may be easier to use a food reward if you can find one that your cat adores. Many cats don’t like to take treats from people’s hands, so you may need to drop each treat on the floor in front of your cat or deliver his reward on a spoon if you’re using something wet like baby food.\",\n \"Walk a step or two away, and then repeat the exercise above. Eventually, your cat will start to orient toward you when he hears you say the cue. (This may take just a few repetitions or it may take a few training sessions.) At this point, you can start to gradually increase the distance your cat must come to reach you and earn his reward.\",\n \"Over the next few weeks, continue to ask your cat to come from greater and greater distances. Eventually, you should be able to call him anytime and from anywhere in your house and see him come running.\",\n \"Aim for at least one or two short training sessions per day. Sessions should last five minutes or less. During each one, call and reward your cat 10 to 20 times.\",\n \"Practice in every room of your house. If your cat is allowed to go outside, you can practice there, too, after your cat masters the skill indoors.\",\n \"If you have more than one person in your household, you can try calling your cat back and forth between you. Remember to reward him every time he comes to either person.\",\n \"When your cat will reliably come from all the way across a room, start calling him from one room into another.\",\n \"It’s important to keep rewarding your cat every time he comes to you. It’s fine to vary the rewards—you can engage him in play with toys, give him treats and even scratch him in his favorite spots. However, if you stop rewarding your cat altogether, his new skill will likely fall apart. Cats need a good reason to do what you ask, but if you provide that reason, they’re happy to listen!\",\n \"If your cat is shy or fearful and has no training experience, it might be best to start his training career by teaching him a few easy behaviors. For example, try using a clicker to teach him to touch his nose to your finger, sit or lie down. (Please see our article on Clicker Training Your Pet for more information.) After your cat has mastered a few simple skills, you can move on to more difficult ones like coming when called.\",\n \"If your cat has a hard time learning to come when called, he may not be able to hear you. White cats are often deaf, especially those with blue eyes. If you suspect that your cat has a hearing problem, you can take him to a vet for an examination. If your cat is hearing impaired, that doesn’t mean he can’t be trained. It just means that instead of a verbal cue, you’ll need to use a visual signal such as a waving hand. The only disadvantage is that you won’t be able to “call” your deaf cat when he can’t see you.\",\n \"Most housecats stay home alone all day, stuck indoors, while their pet parents work long hours. Regular training sessions can give bored cats a great mental workout—and the more you exercise your cat’s brain while you’re home, the more he’ll rest peacefully when you’re away. In addition to coming when called, you can teach your cat a variety of entertaining and practical behaviors, like Sit, High Five and Roll Over. He can even learn to use the toilet! Please see our article on Training Your Cat to learn more about enriching your cat’s life through training.\",\n \"While it is commonly thought that you can’t train your cat as you would train your dog, it is possible to train cats. While cats aren’t as social as dogs, you can train your cat using creativity and patience. Training your cat will stimulate his body and mind, which will keep him healthy.\",\n \"Cat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to transport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your cat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could cause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\",\n \"By having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors in a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy weight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat to wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\",\n \"Cats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s mental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves circulation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging cats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\",\n \"There are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active and fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to explore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\",\n \"Clicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to tell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\",\n \"© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called | ASPCA\\n\\n## Main menu\\n\\n * Fight Cruelty\\n * Adopt\\n * Pet Care\\n\\n * Animal Poison Control\\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\\n\\n * Cat Behavior\\n * Dog Behavior\\n * Horse Behavior\\n * Dog Care\\n * Cat Care\\n * Horse Care\\n * Small Pet Care\\n * Pet Loss\\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\\n * Disaster Preparedness\\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\\n * Pet Food Recall\\n * Pet Nutrition Service\\n * NYC\\n * Blog\\n * Get Involved\\n * For Parents\\n * About Us\\n * Donate\\n\\nFollow Us On:\\n\\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\\n\\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\\n\\nBecome a Member »\\n\\nASPCA\\n\\nPet Care\\n\\n## You are here\\n\\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Cat Behavior > Teaching Your Cat\\nto Come When Called\\n\\n# Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called\\n\\n## Bookmark/Search this post\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Google Plus One\\n\\n * Email\\n * Print\\n\\nWhy Should You Do It?\\n\\nTeaching your cat to come when called is both fun and practical. Once he\\nmasters this skill, you’ll be able to quickly summon him for petting, feeding\\nand playtime. Not only will this make your life easier—your cat will benefit,\\ntoo. Training can give him a great mental workout and strengthen your bond.\\nLearning to come when called might even save his life one day if he dashes out\\nof your house.\\n\\nHow Can You Do It?\\n\\nMany people don’t realize how trainable cats are. This is a shame because cats\\nare just as smart as dogs. They just need a reason to show off their ability\\nto learn! The key to training cats is to figure out how to motivate them. It\\nmay take some time, but he’ll be eager to learn new things once you identify\\nwhat he’s willing to work for.\\n\\nChow-Time Training\\n\\nMany cats love mealtime, so one of the easiest ways to teach a cat to come\\nwhen called is to make a consistent noise—such as a whistle or tongue click—or\\ncall his name (“Max, come!”) right before you start preparing his food each\\nday. The sound you make will become your command or cue. Make sure you give\\nthe cue before you crinkle a bag of cat food or use a can opener. If your cat\\nhears food-preparing sounds first, he’ll come in response to them rather than\\nyour cue. (In fact, those enticing sounds will likely excite him so much that\\nhe won’t even hear you!) After a week or so of mealtime training, you can move\\non to the exercises below.\\n\\nTraining throughout the House\\n\\nIdentify exciting rewards.\\n\\nFirst, you’ll need to figure out what your cat likes most in the world. For\\nmany cats, this might be a flake of tuna, a tiny piece of chicken or a bit of\\nmeat-flavored baby food on a spoon. For others, it might be playing with a\\nlaser light or a special fluttering wand toy. Experiment and choose two or\\nthree of your cat’s favorite things. Each time you call your cat, you’ll\\nsurprise him with one of these things. Be sure to mix it up so that your cat\\nnever knows which wonderful reward he’s going to get. The element of surprise\\nwill make him more motivated to come to you.\\n\\nStart training.\\n\\nTrain at a time when your cat is motivated to work. For example, if you’re\\ngoing to reward him with treats, have sessions right before dinnertime. If you\\nplan to use toys instead, train when you know he’ll be energetic and ready to\\nplay.\\n\\n * Choose a good spot. It’s best to start your training in a quiet room with no distractions.\\n * Say your cue. Standing just a foot or two away from your cat, make the special sound you’ve chosen or say a verbal cue, like “Max, come!”\\n * Reward your cat. Immediately give your cat his reward. If your cat is the playful sort, you can reward him with a few seconds of playtime. However, because you’ll need to repeat this exercise, it may be easier to use a food reward if you can find one that your cat adores. Many cats don’t like to take treats from people’s hands, so you may need to drop each treat on the floor in front of your cat or deliver his reward on a spoon if you’re using something wet like baby food.\\n\\nWalk a step or two away, and then repeat the exercise above. Eventually, your\\ncat will start to orient toward you when he hears you say the cue. (This may\\ntake just a few repetitions or it may take a few training sessions.) At this\\npoint, you can start to gradually increase the distance your cat must come to\\nreach you and earn his reward.\\n\\nIncrease difficulty.\\n\\nOver the next few weeks, continue to ask your cat to come from greater and\\ngreater distances. Eventually, you should be able to call him anytime and from\\nanywhere in your house and see him come running.\\n\\n * Aim for at least one or two short training sessions per day. Sessions should last five minutes or less. During each one, call and reward your cat 10 to 20 times.\\n * Practice in every room of your house. If your cat is allowed to go outside, you can practice there, too, after your cat masters the skill indoors.\\n * If you have more than one person in your household, you can try calling your cat back and forth between you. Remember to reward him every time he comes to either person.\\n * When your cat will reliably come from all the way across a room, start calling him from one room into another.\\n\\nIt’s important to keep rewarding your cat every time he comes to you. It’s\\nfine to vary the rewards—you can engage him in play with toys, give him treats\\nand even scratch him in his favorite spots. However, if you stop rewarding\\nyour cat altogether, his new skill will likely fall apart. Cats need a good\\nreason to do what you ask, but if you provide that reason, they’re happy to\\nlisten!\\n\\nAdditional Tips and Troubleshooting\\n\\n * If your cat is shy or fearful and has no training experience, it might be best to start his training career by teaching him a few easy behaviors. For example, try using a clicker to teach him to touch his nose to your finger, sit or lie down. (Please see our article on Clicker Training Your Pet for more information.) After your cat has mastered a few simple skills, you can move on to more difficult ones like coming when called.\\n * If your cat has a hard time learning to come when called, he may not be able to hear you. White cats are often deaf, especially those with blue eyes. If you suspect that your cat has a hearing problem, you can take him to a vet for an examination. If your cat is hearing impaired, that doesn’t mean he can’t be trained. It just means that instead of a verbal cue, you’ll need to use a visual signal such as a waving hand. The only disadvantage is that you won’t be able to “call” your deaf cat when he can’t see you.\\n * Most housecats stay home alone all day, stuck indoors, while their pet parents work long hours. Regular training sessions can give bored cats a great mental workout—and the more you exercise your cat’s brain while you’re home, the more he’ll rest peacefully when you’re away. In addition to coming when called, you can teach your cat a variety of entertaining and practical behaviors, like Sit, High Five and Roll Over. He can even learn to use the toilet! Please see our article on Training Your Cat to learn more about enriching your cat’s life through training.\\n\\n## Related Links\\n\\nTraining Your Cat\\n\\nWhile it is commonly thought that you can’t train your cat as you would train\\nyour dog, it is possible to train cats. While cats aren’t as social as dogs,\\nyou can train your cat using creativity and patience. Training your cat will\\nstimulate his body and mind, which will keep him healthy.\\n\\nTeaching Your Cat to Ride in a Carrier\\n\\nCat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to\\ntransport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your\\ncat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could\\ncause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\\n\\nTeaching Your Cat to Walk on a Leash\\n\\nBy having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors\\nin a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy\\nweight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat\\nto wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\\n\\nCat Toys\\n\\nCats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s\\nmental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves\\ncirculation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging\\ncats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\\n\\nEnriching Your Cat's Life\\n\\nThere are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active\\nand fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to\\nexplore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\\n\\nClicker Training Your Pet\\n\\nClicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to\\ntell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\\n\\n## In this Section\\n\\n * Animal Poison Control\\n\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\\n\\n * Cat Behavior\\n * Dog Behavior\\n * Horse Behavior\\n * Dog Care\\n * Cat Care\\n * Horse Care\\n * Small Pet Care\\n\\n * Pet Loss\\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\\n * Disaster Preparedness\\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\\n * Pet Food Recall\\n * Pet Nutrition Service\\n\\n * Donate Today\\n * Become a Monthly Donor\\n\\n## Our Partners\\n\\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\\n\\n#### Protect Your Pets\\n\\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\\n\\nJoin Team ASPCA\\n\\nDonate Your Birthday\\n\\n * Fight Cruelty\\n\\n * Report Animal Cruelty\\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\\n * Advocacy Center\\n * View More »\\n * Adopt\\n\\n * Adoptable Dogs\\n * Adoptable Cats\\n * Adoption Tips\\n * Meet Your Match\\n * Find a Shelter\\n * View More »\\n * Pet Care\\n\\n * Animal Poison Control\\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\\n * Cat Care\\n * Dog Care\\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\\n * Pet Planning\\n * View More »\\n * NYC\\n\\n * Adoption Center\\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\\n * View More »\\n * Get Involved\\n\\n * Join Team ASPCA\\n * Advocacy Center\\n * Donate Your Birthday\\n * Create a Memorial Page\\n * Create a Wedding Page\\n * View More »\\n * About Us\\n\\n * Pressroom\\n * Jobs\\n * Corporate Partnerships\\n * ASPCA Grants\\n * Policies and Positions\\n * Annual Report & Form 990\\n * View More »\\n * Donate\\n\\n * Make a Donation\\n * Become a Monthly Donor\\n * Planned Giving\\n * Memorial Gift\\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\\n * Vehicle Donations\\n * Other Ways to Give »\\n\\n## Footer Info Menu\\n\\n * FAQ\\n * Legal Info\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n© 2015 ASPCA. 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While the liftee remains perfectly still, the rest of the group chants \"Light as a feather, stiff as a board\" in unison before attempting to lift the person off the ground using just their fingers."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200811090207/https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/","http://web.archive.org/web/20180816223319/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers","http://web.archive.org/web/20210818054157/https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210516195705/https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20171103030131/http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811090207/https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816223319/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210818054157/https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210516195705/https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171103030131/http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":615,"string":"615"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811090207/https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/","parsed_text":{"title":"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board","passages":["A fun and somewhat freaky levitation game for you and at least five of your friends to play at night. It does not summon spirits, nor is it intended to be horror-like.","Late at night, light a candle in a dark room and place it on the floor, and unplug any and all electronic devices. I find it works best if outside lights (including the moon and stars) are blocked by curtains or something similar. Have someone (the subject, or victim, if you will, lay down with their arms crossed over their chest with the candle between their feet. Arrange five kneeling people around the subject. Done correctly, two people will be at the subject’s knees, one on each side, two more at the subject’s shoulders, and one at his or her head. Have the five people place their index and middle fingers of both hands under the subject, with their palms facing up.","Now everyone, including the subject, closes their eyes. The person kneeling at the subject’s head then says, “Light as a feather, stiff as a board.” Going clockwise (to the left), each person repeats the phrase and it goes around the circle until everyone (not including the subject) has said it three times. It is very important to enunciate clearly, otherwise it won’t work. If anyone is skipped at any time or hesitates to say it, it won’t work either. Once the chant has passed around the circle three times, the person kneeling at the head of the subject says, “One, two, three.” On “three,” each of the five kneeling people flick their fingers upward, being careful not to move.","If this works, the subject will slowly float up off the ground. They will continue to rise until someone opens their eyes, moves, or speaks, or until the person gets above the flame of the candle at their feet. When that happens, they will immediately fall back to the floor, so either be prepared to catch them or don’t let them get too high. They go up at a rate of about two or three inches per second, so keep this in mind when performing this trick.","I’ve been told this also works in a pitch black room, but I have not tried it myself. Another version I’ve heard requires this to be done outside in the light of the moon (most likely a full one), but this is difficult unless you live in an area where there aren’t any other sources of light. The rules are the same except for the one about the subject rising above the candle. More than just the six people required for the stunt can be in the room, but they must be kneeling and closing their eyes, and they can’t move or speak or the trick won’t work.","Folks in Appalachia often practiced a hybrid form of Christianity which marries traditional Biblical teaching with practices and customs that some would see more closely aligned with mysticism and the occult. The results have...","Legends and magic are associated with willow trees. They symbolise renewal, growth, vitality and immortality in China. The weeping willow is a common sign of mourning. “In Louisiana, when a willow grew large enough...","According to German tradition, The tradition of Weihnachtsgurke, or the Christmas Pickle, was the last ornament placed on the tree. On Christmas morning, the first child to find the gherkin was rewarded with an..."]},"parsed_md":"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board - UrbanLegendsOnline.com\n\nSkip to content Menu Close\n\nReport a Legend\n\nMenu\n\n# Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board\n\nJanuary 13, 2014 Rituals and Games\n\nA fun and somewhat freaky levitation game for you and at least five of your\nfriends to play at night. It does not summon spirits, nor is it intended to be\nhorror-like.\n\nLate at night, light a candle in a dark room and place it on the floor, and\nunplug any and all electronic devices. I find it works best if outside lights\n(including the moon and stars) are blocked by curtains or something similar.\nHave someone (the subject, or victim, if you will, lay down with their arms\ncrossed over their chest with the candle between their feet. Arrange five\nkneeling people around the subject. Done correctly, two people will be at the\nsubject’s knees, one on each side, two more at the subject’s shoulders, and\none at his or her head. Have the five people place their index and middle\nfingers of both hands under the subject, with their palms facing up.\n\nNow everyone, including the subject, closes their eyes. The person kneeling at\nthe subject’s head then says, “Light as a feather, stiff as a board.” Going\nclockwise (to the left), each person repeats the phrase and it goes around the\ncircle until everyone (not including the subject) has said it three times. It\nis very important to enunciate clearly, otherwise it won’t work. If anyone is\nskipped at any time or hesitates to say it, it won’t work either. Once the\nchant has passed around the circle three times, the person kneeling at the\nhead of the subject says, “One, two, three.” On “three,” each of the five\nkneeling people flick their fingers upward, being careful not to move.\n\nIf this works, the subject will slowly float up off the ground. They will\ncontinue to rise until someone opens their eyes, moves, or speaks, or until\nthe person gets above the flame of the candle at their feet. When that\nhappens, they will immediately fall back to the floor, so either be prepared\nto catch them or don’t let them get too high. They go up at a rate of about\ntwo or three inches per second, so keep this in mind when performing this\ntrick.\n\nI’ve been told this also works in a pitch black room, but I have not tried it\nmyself. Another version I’ve heard requires this to be done outside in the\nlight of the moon (most likely a full one), but this is difficult unless you\nlive in an area where there aren’t any other sources of light. The rules are\nthe same except for the one about the subject rising above the candle. More\nthan just the six people required for the stunt can be in the room, but they\nmust be kneeling and closing their eyes, and they can’t move or speak or the\ntrick won’t work.\n\nEnjoy freaking your friends out!\n\nRachel Rise from Lake Oswego, Oregon\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\nPosted in Rituals and Games\n\n#### Related Posts\n\n## The Amish Ghost Bridge of Pinecraft, Florida\n\nJune 3, 2020\n\n## President Trump wants to drain the swamp...\n\nJune 3, 2020\n\n## Covid ICU Nurse in NYC\n\nJune 3, 2020\n\n## The Four Thieves\n\nMarch 5, 2020\n\n#### Recent Superstitions Posts: SuperstitionsOnline.com\n\n#### Water Witching\n\nFolks in Appalachia often practiced a hybrid form of Christianity which\nmarries traditional Biblical teaching with practices and customs that some\nwould see more closely aligned with mysticism and the occult. The results\nhave...\n\n#### Willow Trees and Pussy Willows\n\nLegends and magic are associated with willow trees. They symbolise renewal,\ngrowth, vitality and immortality in China. The weeping willow is a common sign\nof mourning. “In Louisiana, when a willow grew large enough...\n\n#### The Christmas Pickle\n\nAccording to German tradition, The tradition of Weihnachtsgurke, or the\nChristmas Pickle, was the last ornament placed on the tree. On Christmas\nmorning, the first child to find the gherkin was rewarded with an...\n\n#### Top Posts & Pages\n\n#### Urban Legend Categories\n\n * Bridges and Tracks\n * Bugs and Snakes\n * Cars\n * Celebrities\n * Children\n * Emails\n * Facebook & Twitter\n * Featured\n * Food\n * Ghost Stories\n * Government and Military\n * Holidays\n * Hollywood\n * Home Invasion\n * Horrible Accidents\n * Love and Marraige\n * Mad Men\n * Medical\n * Mirrors\n * Pets\n * Pictures and Video\n * Regional and Cultural\n * Rituals and Games\n * Scams and Cons\n * School\n * Unbelievable Stories\n * Uncategorized\n * UrbanLegendsOnline\n * Warnings\n * Web and Tech\n\n#### Follow Us!\n\n#### Visit Our Partner Sites\n\n#### Subscribe to Legends via Email\n\nweb site by onyourmarkdesigns.com\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816223319/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers","parsed_text":{"title":"Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers","passages":["10 November 2016\nThe heaviest weight lifted with little fingers is 88.96 kg (196 lb 1.9 oz) and was achieved by Ross McCurdy (USA) in Silverdale, Washington, USA, on 10 November 2016.","All records listed on our website are current and up-to-date. For a full list of record titles, please use our Record Application Search. (You will be need to register / login for access)","We use cookies on this website. By using this site, you agree that we may store and access cookies on your device."]},"parsed_md":"Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers | Guinness World Records\n\nen\n\n * Main site\n * Teachers\n * Kids\n\n * English\n * Deutsche\n * عربي\n * Português\n * Español\n * 日本語\n * 中文\n\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\n# Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers\n\n#### Share\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Email\n * Whatsapp\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * Reddit\n\nApply Now\n\nWho\n\n Ross McCurdy\n\nWhat\n\n 88.96 kilogram(s)\n\nWhere\n\n United States (Silverdale)\n\nWhen\n\n 10 November 2016\n\nThe heaviest weight lifted with little fingers is 88.96 kg (196 lb 1.9 oz) and\nwas achieved by Ross McCurdy (USA) in Silverdale, Washington, USA, on 10\nNovember 2016.\n\nRoss McCurdy is an avid deadlifter and holds several other Guinness World\nRecord Titles.\n\nAll records listed on our website are current and up-to-date. For a full list\nof record titles, please use our Record Application Search. (You will be need\nto register / login for access)\n\nComments below may relate to previous holders of this record.\n\n### Related Records\n\n#### Heaviest weighted hip thrust\n\n#### Most people deadlifted\n\n#### Heaviest vehicle pulled (upper body)\n\n#### Most push ups in one minute carrying a 100 lb pack (male)\n\n#### Heaviest vehicle pulled over 100 ft by a pair (male)\n\n#### Most iron bars bent with the head in one minute\n\n##### Guinness World Records\n\n * Guinness World Records 2018 Edition\n * 2018 Gamer's Edition\n * 2018 Amazing Animals\n * Guinness World Records Kids\n * GWR Store\n * Press Centre\n\n##### Resources\n\n * FAQs\n * Contact us\n * Business Solutions\n * Campaign solutions for business\n * Television Programmes\n * Educators\n * GWR Tax Strategy\n\n##### Using the Site\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Cookie Policy\n\n##### More Guinness World Records\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Google\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Pinterest\n\n * English\n * Deutsche\n * عربي\n * Português\n * Español\n * 日本語\n * 中文\n\n© Guinness World Records Limited 2018. All rights reserved.\n\nRegistered in England No: 541295\n\nRegistered Office: South Quay Building, 189 Marsh Wall, London E14 9SH United\nKingdom\n\n#### We use cookies on this website\n\nWe use cookies on this website. By using this site, you agree that we may\nstore and access cookies on your device.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210818054157/https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/","parsed_text":{"title":"Monday 31 July 1665 (The Diary of Samuel Pepys)","passages":["Up, and very betimes by six o’clock at Deptford, and there find Sir G. Carteret, and my Lady ready to go: I being in my new coloured silk suit, and coat trimmed with gold buttons and gold broad lace round my hands, very rich and fine. By water to the Ferry, where, when we come, no coach there; and tide of ebb so far spent as the horse-boat could not get off on the other side the river to bring away the coach. So we were fain to stay there in the unlucky Isle of Doggs, in a chill place, the morning cool, and wind fresh, above two if not three hours to our great discontent. Yet being upon a pleasant errand, and seeing that it could not be helped, we did bear it very patiently; and it was worth my observing, I thought, as ever any thing, to see how upon these two scores, Sir G. Carteret, the most passionate man in the world, and that was in greatest haste to be gone, did bear with it, and very pleasant all the while, at least not troubled much so as to fret and storm at it.","Anon the coach comes: in the mean time there coming a News thither with his horse to go over, that told us he did come from Islington this morning; and that Proctor the vintner of the Miter in Wood-street, and his son, are dead this morning there, of the plague; he having laid out abundance of money there, and was the greatest vintner for some time in London for great entertainments.","We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that when we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone from home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which troubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there being three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me; but yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual. All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had saluted her or no. So to dinner, and very merry we were; but yet in such a sober way as never almost any wedding was in so great families: but it was much better. After dinner company divided, some to cards, others to talk. My Lady Sandwich and I up to settle accounts, and pay her some money. And mighty kind she is to me, and would fain have had me gone down for company with her to Hinchingbroke; but for my life I cannot.","At night to supper, and so to talk; and which, methought, was the most extraordinary thing, all of us to prayers as usual, and the young bride and bridegroom too and so after prayers, soberly to bed; only I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that could be, and so good night.","But the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.","Whereas I feared I must have sat up all night, we did here all get good beds, and I lay in the same I did before with Mr. Brisband, who is a good scholler and sober man; and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep. My eyes much troubled already with the change of my drink.","Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life, because I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and honour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of money; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all sides.","This evening with Mr. Brisband, speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling him some of my charms; he told me this of his owne knowledge, at Bourdeaux, in France. The words these:","Voyci un Corps mort, Royde come un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger come un esprit, Levons to au nom de Jesus Christ.","This is one of the strangest things I ever heard, but he tells it me of his owne knowledge, and I do heartily believe it to be true. I enquired of him whether they were Protestant or Catholique girles; and he told me they were Protestant, which made it the more strange to me.","Thus we end this month, as I said, after the greatest glut of content that ever I had; only under some difficulty because of the plague, which grows mightily upon us, the last week being about 1700 or 1800 of the plague.","My Lord Sandwich at sea with a fleet of about 100 sail, to the Northward, expecting De Ruyter, or the Dutch East India fleet.","Myself having obliged both these families in this business very much; as both my Lady, and Sir G. Carteret and his Lady do confess exceedingly, and the latter do also now call me cozen, which I am glad of.","*** \"Voyci un Corps mort, Roy comme un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger comme un esprit, Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ.\"","Behold, a dead body, Still as a stone, Cold as marble, Light as a spirit, We lift you in the name of Jesus Christ.","\". . .putting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the ground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four fingers raise this boy as high as they could reach...\" I saw the exact thing done (without the incantation--I forget the exact method of \"inducing\" the lightness)when a child. It was for a week or so a very popular trick in the schoolyard around 1960, until we moved on to other mysteries. I had not thought of it since until reading this. I had no idea it was such an old trick.","Hello, I am de-lurking out of sheer astonishment. I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance. Our debased version of the incantation was \"light as a feather and stiff as a board.\" I think that if the \"corpse\" remains stiff then the weight distributed among eight points might not be too difficult to lift. Under conditions of low light and emotional intensity. I wonder what \"charms\" Pepys knew?","\"I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance\"","I played the same game too. And speaking of sleepover games.....I can't wait to see Sam's entry when he finds himself sitting at the table with Elizabeth and the maids asking his Ouiji Board \"will Harman marry Pall?\" and getting an answer that says, \"not likely\". Then he'll pull out his Magic 8 Ball and ask if Balty will ever find a job of his own, he'll give it a shake and it will say \"NO WAY!\"","Pepys, the dramatist, is at his best today. The nuptial bed scene, with Sam first having some ribald exchanges with the groom and then kissing the bride in bed before drawing the curtains and tiptoeing out, is fabulous, and should find its way into a movie. And yet, \"the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall\" — he recognizes there's something sublime about the whole affair.","1. Prescribed by, in conformity with, or having reference to ecclesiastical edict or canon law. 1570-6 b. canonical hours: (a) stated times of the day appointed by the canons for prayer and devotion; (b) the hours (now from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.) within which marriage can be legally performed in a parish church in England; (c) transf. 1665 PEPYS Diary (1879) III. 207 We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring","d. canonical obedience: the obedience to be rendered by inferior clergy to the bishop or other ecclesiastical superior, according to the canons. 1621","\"Though Bess got no invitation through the mails. Sam's presence is requested this day, It's formal, a silk suit, gold buttons and lace. No plague now could take the joy out of his face. Because he's invited to step out this day With silk suit, gold buttons, and lace.","Yes, Sam's...Puttin' on his silk suit...Polishin' up his gold buttons, brushin' up his lace. He's...Duding up his waist bands, Puttin' on the periwig, Polishin' up those nails, Your Sam's steppin' out, dear Bess, To breathe an atmosphere That simply reeks with class; And he trusts that you'll excuse his dust As that six horse carriage goes past, For he'll be there, Breathin' on his gold buttons, Mussin' up the new suit, Dancin' in his lace.\"","Wonder if his line with Bess is the ole... \"What falderal, all this extra work keeping me from you.\" Sigh. \"But you know Carteret is one of my bosses and I have to keep the bosses happy. You know how much I loathe all this nonsensical hobnobbing with the wealthy and powerful.\"","My own diary entry for today took just six words - am I more efficient than him? (Since you really, really want to know it was: \"V&A live. London Zoo\")","Seriously, how long would it have taken him to have written this entry by candlelight at midnight in shorthand at the end of a long and busy day. And it seems to me that his diary entries are tending to get ever longer.","\"All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had saluted her or no.\"","\"and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep\"","Well said Sam, what better things can you hear from a foreign visitor (in this case a Scot) but stories about his home,","I think, Glyn, in this context \"the salute\" though physically a kiss to formally greet the new bride, is quite important. Lady Sandwich was offering Sam firm proof that he is now a fully accepted member of the family-no longer a servant, a true cousin. Sam, wisely deferrential, hung back until such a proof was made. His noting that the Carterets' now consider him a \"cozen\" is a part of that rise to full family member.","All the effort he's put in here and over the years has finally paid off. He has arrived, at last. How sweet that the seal should come from his dear Lady Jemina. And what a sad thing that he never thought to try and have Bess included to see him in his long-awaited triumph.","How many married visitors to the Diary, as chronicled in Phil's beautifully charted \"Site statistics,\" would you imagine were accompanied to their [italicized] nuptial beds in this fashion?","\"I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that could be, and so good night.\"","Has conferred with \"Mr Attorney Montagu\" at Faxton, who lodged there on his journey to Sir John Aubrey in Wales, whither he has resolved to proceed because he can come thence \"to the meeting at Salisbury...\" more safely, considering that the roads remote from London are more free from the Plague, than others nearer.\" Enters at great length, into particulars of dowry, jointure, and settlements, in relation to a proposed marriage of Lord Hinchinbroke [Lord Hinchinbroke, afterwards Second Earl of Sandwich, married Anne Boyle, daughter of Richard, Earl of Burlington. In this letter the lady's name is not mentioned.] (about which, as it seems, the meeting at Salisbury \"was to be held\"), and enumerates certain points as to which \"Mr Attorney\" desires his Lordship's instructions. ...","CGS gives us 8-3, but would they have chosen times when both hands of the clock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?","I don't believe this reading; it's lousy French. Surely it would have been \"Levons-le\" -- \"Let us lift him.\" (The letter l is easily confused with t.)","How lovely that Sam can appreciate the 'solemn' wedding. \"But the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.\" Perhaps witnessing a couple who take marriage vows seriously ??? or the difference in an upper class 'event'???","I am sure that in his days Sam has attended many different types of weddings, including perhaps some on the bawdy side of the tracks. His comments today are intriguing to me.","Also, of note --has anyone caught his overall comments about the \"Ladies\" --Lady Sandwich and Lady Carteret are perhaps 2 of the few women that Sam continuously writes of as gracious, kind and overall just plain classy.","Re: Roy/Royde. Wheatley looks more accurate than L&M in one respect: raide (royde) means stiff, roi (roy) means king. Baston is odd too. Old spelling of bâton = stick/wand not stone (pierre). Royde come un Baston = Raide comme un bâton = Stiff as a stick? Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text? If the latter, then t and l could be confused, as LH suggests, but why would he use clear French to describe his peccadillos, which his French speaking wife could easily read? Puzzling.","SP proposed the idea of this marriage to Carteret on June 24th.; financial and other arrangements concluded by June 28th.; the couple meet first on July 15th., \"but nothing to the lady from him at all. To supper, and after supper to talk again, he yet taking no notice of the lady. My Lord would have had me have consented to leaving the young people together to-night, to begin their amours, his staying being but to be little. But I advised against it, lest the lady might be too much surprised. So they led him up to his chamber, where I staid a little, to know how he liked the lady, which he told me he did mightily; but, Lord! in the dullest insipid manner that ever lover did.\" ( http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/15/ ); part on the 17th.; meet again on the 24th.; are 'well acquainted' by the 28th., and married today, the 31st.","I realize that the families know of each other, and that this is no modern 'love match,' (and that marriages 'of state' could take place by proxy without the parties even setting eyes on each other) but by way of comparison the time taken for the couple to get to know each other over the course of fifteen days, seems less than that required by SP in the diary period for sufficient familiarity to develop between two men for them to agree to dine at each other's houses.","Here in Co. Cork Ireland the expression \"to salute\" a person is still used meaning to greet by a lifting of the hand in a quick flick ---less than a wave more than gesture. Its usually an acknowledgement of a stranger or an aquaintance and is mostly done in country areas or villages now. A person will comment on someone ignoring them by saying \"he didnt even salute me\" .It is also often done between drivers passing each other on a country road","\"The passages are all written in shorthand: and to obscure the meaning still further, many words are complicated by inserting between syllables the shorthand symbols for 'l, r, m, or n. ... they appear in this text with with older French spellings, or with Spanish forms that are now non standard ...\" L&M vol. i, Introduction, p. lxi.","[a. F. salut masc., of twofold origin: (1) = Sp. saludo, It. saluto, vbl. n. f. Common Rom. (L.) sal{umac}t{amac}re to SALUTE; (2) originally fem., = Sp. salud, Pg. saude, It. salute:{em}L. sal{umac}t-em (nom. sal{umac}s) health, safety, salvation.]","1. An utterance, gesture, or action of any kind by which one person salutes another; a salutation. Now chiefly used with reference to other than verbal modes of saluting: cf. the following senses. a1400-50","2. A kiss, by way of salutation. (Cf. SALUTE v. 2e.) 1590 GREENE Never too late (1600) 93 To her hee goes, and after his wonted salute sat downe by her.","3. Mil. and Naut. a. A discharge of cannon or small arms, display of flags, a dipping of sails, a cheering of men, manning the yards, etc., as a mark of respect, or as military, naval, or official honour, for a person, nation, event, etc. A salute is said to be of as many guns as there are volleys fired.","Good question! I wonder whether he was acquainted with the LEMEGETON, CLAVICULA SALOMONIS, or THE LESSER KEY OF SOLOMON, Detailing the ceremonial art of commanding spirits both good and evil (1641?) http://www.esotericarchives.com/solomon/lemegeton...","First, welcome Ghalle—and enjoy the catching-up!. Second, i am French and i testify to the exactitude of \"royde comme un baston\", it is still widely used today in its modernised form \"raide comme un bâton\" (the circomflex accent is a remnant of the letter \"s\", as in hôpital, rôti, maître, a.s.o.). Finally, some light on the levitation trick (Pepys is even quoted!) at http://www.wikihow.com/Play-Light-as-a-Feather And what a great entry!","Plymouth, July 25: The Elizabeth has caught six Dutch ships in the channel. Middlesex and City and Liberties of Westminster, July 25: Charitable donations to the sufferers in London should be given to four churchwardens listed in order to ensure they end up being applied correctly. Cadiz, July 6: The Dutch are trying to stir up the Moors agains the English at Tangier, but it's not working; the mole raised at Tangier will frustrate Dutch incursions; description of the mole and its fortress. Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the King's army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals. London, July 28: The Dutch have supposedly devised two councils of war \"to sit abord the Fleet\" but in fact \"the Dominus fac Totum is De Wit, the rest serving onely to countenance the design;\" the Fleet officers are offended by all this; the fleet lies in the Texel, but does not have enough ships to put out; De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway The Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate. Numbers from the latest plague bill. Vienna, July 18: Turkish ambassador thinks he is not getting enough respect; Ambassador from Munster complaining of the injuries he has received from the Netherlands; expecting news of a big battle in Poland Legorn, July 18: Sir John Einth, the British resident in Tuscany, is making a good impression; ; description of his reception by the Grand Duke of Tuscany; the Dutch in Legorn celebrated when they heard a rumor that the Dutch fleet was victorious, but when more accurate news arrived that they had been defeated they disappeared and the English were celebrating publicly. Flushing, Aug 4 [presumably Gregorian calendar]: Holland has usurped on the privileges of this province by enlisting men for the navy; alarms of dangers out of Germany; \"This state is dryed up, and the Merchant, languishing for want of Trade\" Ostend, August 5: The states of Holland are in such bad shape that it's hard to see how they can continue the war \"considering the general defection, misery; and complaint of the People, which resort hither of late in great numbers, and we find them better informed in the true state as the difference then stands with the convenience of their Governors.\" Antwerp, August 4: The Dutch fleet will sail out when they can, but \"wise men are of opinion they will not venture to sea yet this fortnight;\" the naval commanders look on De Witt \"as a kind of Amphibion,\" Final article: JPs of County Surrey have direted the closure of the wells and other plague measures","New ads: lost dog, lost watch, Robert Theaker's new book 'A Light to the Longitude: Or the use of an Instrument called the Seamans Director, speedily resolving all Astronomical Cases and Questions concerning the Sung, Moon...\"","De Ruyter had reached the Norwegian coast and sailed towards Jutland after cleaning his ships in case he met with the enemy.","Sandwich was hovering about Dogger Bank, and thinking of attacking De Ruyter if he took refuge in the neutral port of Bergen. He also hoped to take rich cargo of the returning East India fleet and had obtained permission from the Danes upon promise of giving them half the booty. When he heard that De Ruyter had been seen near Bergan on the 10/20th July he made for it with his whole fleet; but De Ruyter had just escaped to the south.","De Ruyter decided to try to reach the Ems past Heligoland, and if this was possible to take refuge in the Elbe or the Weser. On 23rdJuly/2nd August he met a few English ships but Sandwich was on the coast of Norway and so he was able to make straight for Holland. In his Journal he put this down to the direct assistance of God, and he reached western Ems on the same day. The buoys and beacons had been removed to prevent English attack.","On the 28th July/6th August at 3 o’clock the fleet towing its prizes adorned with their English flags in sign of triumph, anchored in the roads of Delfzijl. The news spread like wildfire throughout the whole Republic.","No Admiral had ever been given such a reception and Lowestoft was forgotten. Everyone believed that their hero would save the country from danger.","One of the prizes he had taken contained a quantity of sugar and tobacco as well as 1600lbs of elephant trunks, 682 marcs of gold to the value of nearly £20,000 and a number of other goods.","The Chinese impression of the Dutch in the 17th Century was naturally influenced by the piratical attacks of the Netherlands against the Fukienese junks trading with Manila, and by forcibly kidnapping of the Chinese to help populate Batavia after Coen’s capture of Jakarta.","I think this guy actually is a pirate, though. The Ming dynasty had trouble controlling their huge empire, and Chinese pirates fluorished through the 17th century.","\"Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the King’s army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals.\"","Brief summary of events in Eastern Europe: Ukraine had long been restive under the rule of Poland (or, to be precise, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which up to this point had been a major power); in 1654 the Ukrainian Cossack leader Bogdan Khmelnitsky, encouraged by Tsar Alexei, had declared independence, starting a long war between Poland (aided by the Turks) and Russia. Things had been going badly for the Russians on the battlefield since 1660, but the Polish King John Casimir (Polish: Jan Kazimierz Waza) was faced with a revolt of the nobility led by Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, who will defeat the king's forces in August near Częstochowa (before being forced into exile in 1668). At the moment drawn-out peace negotiations are being carried on between Russia and Poland that will culminate in January 1667 in the Truce of Andrusovo, which gives Left Bank Ukraine (the eastern part) to Russia and Right Bank Ukraine to Poland. The disruption caused in Russia by the war, increasingly onerous taxation, and oppression of the peasants (who fled in massive numbers to the relative freedom of Ukrainian Cossack life) will lead in a few years to Stepan (Stenka) Razin's rebellion. Poland will continue to suffer war and rebellions and in the next century will be divided up between Russia, Prussia, and Austria.","here be all them's that believe ye shall NOT steal? freedom of the seas then dominion over all that crawl....","Reading the account of the girls levitating the boy took me back [**] years to when I was 10 and doing this by candlelight in a friend's cellar. Quite scary. And I too had no idea this was so old. We used to chant in a voice just above a whisper:(repeating round the group) \"she looks pale, she is pale, she looks cold, she is cold, she looks dead, she is dead, raise her\"","Weddings used to be rowdy affairs in medieval times and it was Puritan influences beginning in the 16th century which sobered things up. Sam was expecting a lot of boisterous play with garters and ribbons and so on, but no such luck. He did get to kiss (salute) the bride and then get another kiss in once she had been put to bed. And him in his red suit AND gold buttons AND gold lace. (and also no Bess.....)","You had to be married before 2.30. There's a whole plot line developed around this in Hardy's Far From the Madding Crowd.","JWB - cannonical hours - \"would they have chosen times when both hands of the clock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\"","for the simple reason that it was only in the mid 17th c. that clocks were fitted with a second (minutes) hand...","May I add, to the general admiration of this entry for its lively detail about the wedding day, my appreciation of Sam's writing on to give (as he often did) his monthly/quarterly summary of the affairs of his life and community. The change in focus from the minute to the overview is particularly effective here.","\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"","\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"","A single trusted messenger (Carteret's Hewer) could cross the Thames by galley to an inn on the south side where a horse could be hired.","\"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life, because I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and honour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of money; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all sides.\"","States the happy circumstances attendant on the marriage of Lady Jemima Montagu with Mr Carteret as being \"the only occurrence ... I ever met with, begun, proceeded on and finished with the same uninterrupted excess of satisfaction to all parties\". Reports his having sent a ship of 36 guns, to fetch Lord Hinchinbrooke from Calais, who proceeded to join the bridal party at Scots Hall. Adds his advice to Lord Sandwich \"to quicken the settlement of the money matters on both sides\". Mentions that \"the Plague is now, more or less, got into most corners of the Kingdom\". ...","\"the cook of the house, a very lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is very big, and they did raise him in just the same manner. \"","For accounts (at second hand) of similar experiments, see Letters on natural magic by Brewster, David, Sir; Smith, James Alexander, pub. 1883, pp. 255-7 https://archive.org/details/lettersonnatural00bre... It is said to be essential that all the people concerned shall breathe in simultaneously, and hold their breath. (Per L&M note)","On Tuesday 24 January, 1659/60, Samuel and Elizabeth attend the wedding of Capt. Tom Lucy ... which was more ribald than today, and he didn't enjoy it.","We played the 'raising the body' game too, after lights out at our boarding school. Words very similar to Australian Susan's. I was sure at the time we did raise the body, although now I can't believe we did.",". But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths","Why in their old cloaths? Was the Sandwich party bringing silks and gold buttons for the bride and the groom?","\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that when we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone from home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which troubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there being three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me; but yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual. \"","The story to me is that they were running late, so reluctantly sent a rider ahead with the license and ring because the service had to be completed by a set time. They followed in the coach at full gallop, stopped at Dagenhams, but everyone had already left. So they headed towards the church, and met everyone coming away from the service. Pepys missed it! Grandpa Lord Crew gave away Mrs. Jem (since Sandwich is at sea). There were three other coach-loads of witnesses. People were dressed in their usual clothes ... which wasn't uncommon in those days. You wore your best dress to your wedding. And these folk's usual \"old\" clothes would be pretty fancy.","Perhaps if it had been held during peace-time, at Court, with Charles and Catherine in attendance, there would have been more of a dressy do. But knowing they could all be dead soon, they moved up the wedding by 3 days, and happily just got on with it. Ask anyone who remembers WWII -- that's how it was then, too."]},"parsed_md":"Monday 31 July 1665 (The Diary of Samuel Pepys)\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# The Diary of Samuel Pepys\n\nDaily entries from the 17th century London diary\n\n# Monday 31 July 1665\n\nUp, and very betimes by six o’clock at Deptford, and there find Sir G.\nCarteret, and my Lady ready to go: I being in my new coloured silk suit, and\ncoat trimmed with gold buttons and gold broad lace round my hands, very rich\nand fine. By water to the Ferry, where, when we come, no coach there; and tide\nof ebb so far spent as the horse-boat could not get off on the other side the\nriver to bring away the coach. So we were fain to stay there in the unlucky\nIsle of Doggs, in a chill place, the morning cool, and wind fresh, above two\nif not three hours to our great discontent. Yet being upon a pleasant errand,\nand seeing that it could not be helped, we did bear it very patiently; and it\nwas worth my observing, I thought, as ever any thing, to see how upon these\ntwo scores, Sir G. Carteret, the most passionate man in the world, and that\nwas in greatest haste to be gone, did bear with it, and very pleasant all the\nwhile, at least not troubled much so as to fret and storm at it.\n\nAnon the coach comes: in the mean time there coming a News thither with his\nhorse to go over, that told us he did come from Islington this morning; and\nthat Proctor the vintner of the Miter in Wood-street, and his son, are dead\nthis morning there, of the plague; he having laid out abundance of money\nthere, and was the greatest vintner for some time in London for great\nentertainments.\n\nWe, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that\nwhen we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone\nfrom home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which\ntroubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well\ndone: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there\nbeing three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me;\nbut yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual.\nAll saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had\nsaluted her or no. So to dinner, and very merry we were; but yet in such a\nsober way as never almost any wedding was in so great families: but it was\nmuch better. After dinner company divided, some to cards, others to talk. My\nLady Sandwich and I up to settle accounts, and pay her some money. And mighty\nkind she is to me, and would fain have had me gone down for company with her\nto Hinchingbroke; but for my life I cannot.\n\nAt night to supper, and so to talk; and which, methought, was the most\nextraordinary thing, all of us to prayers as usual, and the young bride and\nbridegroom too and so after prayers, soberly to bed; only I got into the\nbridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry,\ntill he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed\nthe bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that\ncould be, and so good night.\n\nBut the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me\nindeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry\nand joviall.\n\nWhereas I feared I must have sat up all night, we did here all get good beds,\nand I lay in the same I did before with Mr. Brisband, who is a good scholler\nand sober man; and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home,\nwhich is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to\nsleep. My eyes much troubled already with the change of my drink.\n\nThus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life,\nbecause I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and\nhonour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of\nmoney; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all\nsides.\n\nThis evening with Mr. Brisband, speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling\nhim some of my charms; he told me this of his owne knowledge, at Bourdeaux, in\nFrance. The words these:\n\n> Voyci un Corps mort, Royde come un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger come un\n> esprit, Levons to au nom de Jesus Christ.\n\nHe saw four little girles, very young ones, all kneeling, each of them, upon\none knee; and one begun the first line, whispering in the eare of the next,\nand the second to the third, and the third to the fourth, and she to the\nfirst. Then the first begun the second line, and so round quite through, and,\nputting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the\nground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four\nfingers raise this boy as high as they could reach, and he [Mr. Brisband]\nbeing there, and wondering at it, as also being afeard to see it, for they\nwould have had him to have bore a part in saying the words, in the roome of\none of the little girles that was so young that they could hardly make her\nlearn to repeat the words, did, for feare there might be some sleight used in\nit by the boy, or that the boy might be light, call the cook of the house, a\nvery lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is very big, and they did\nraise him in just the same manner.\n\nThis is one of the strangest things I ever heard, but he tells it me of his\nowne knowledge, and I do heartily believe it to be true. I enquired of him\nwhether they were Protestant or Catholique girles; and he told me they were\nProtestant, which made it the more strange to me.\n\nThus we end this month, as I said, after the greatest glut of content that\never I had; only under some difficulty because of the plague, which grows\nmightily upon us, the last week being about 1700 or 1800 of the plague.\n\nMy Lord Sandwich at sea with a fleet of about 100 sail, to the Northward,\nexpecting De Ruyter, or the Dutch East India fleet.\n\nMy Lord Hinchingbroke coming over from France, and will meet his sister at\nScott’s-hall.\n\nMyself having obliged both these families in this business very much; as both\nmy Lady, and Sir G. Carteret and his Lady do confess exceedingly, and the\nlatter do also now call me cozen, which I am glad of.\n\nSo God preserve us all friends long, and continue health among us.\n\n# 51 Annotations\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\n\"there coming a citizen thither with his horse to go over\" transcribe L&M.\n\n*** \"Voyci un Corps mort, Roy comme un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger comme\nun esprit, Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ.\"\n\nBehold, a dead body, Still as a stone, Cold as marble, Light as a spirit, We\nlift you in the name of Jesus Christ.\n\n✹\n\n## deepfatfriar on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\n\". . .putting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the\nground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four\nfingers raise this boy as high as they could reach...\" I saw the exact thing\ndone (without the incantation--I forget the exact method of \"inducing\" the\nlightness)when a child. It was for a week or so a very popular trick in the\nschoolyard around 1960, until we moved on to other mysteries. I had not\nthought of it since until reading this. I had no idea it was such an old\ntrick.\n\n✹\n\n## JKM on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\nHello, I am de-lurking out of sheer astonishment. I had no idea something I\nonce did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance.\nOur debased version of the incantation was \"light as a feather and stiff as a\nboard.\" I think that if the \"corpse\" remains stiff then the weight distributed\namong eight points might not be too difficult to lift. Under conditions of low\nlight and emotional intensity. I wonder what \"charms\" Pepys knew?\n\n✹\n\n## jeannine on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\n\"I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated\nback to the Renaissance\"\n\nI played the same game too. And speaking of sleepover games.....I can't wait\nto see Sam's entry when he finds himself sitting at the table with Elizabeth\nand the maids asking his Ouiji Board \"will Harman marry Pall?\" and getting an\nanswer that says, \"not likely\". Then he'll pull out his Magic 8 Ball and ask\nif Balty will ever find a job of his own, he'll give it a shake and it will\nsay \"NO WAY!\"\n\n✹\n\n## Martin on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nPepys, the dramatist, is at his best today. The nuptial bed scene, with Sam\nfirst having some ribald exchanges with the groom and then kissing the bride\nin bed before drawing the curtains and tiptoeing out, is fabulous, and should\nfind its way into a movie. And yet, \"the modesty and gravity of this business\nwas so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it\nhad been twenty times more merry and joviall\" — he recognizes there's\nsomething sublime about the whole affair.\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n[be] witching hour for lawfull wedded bliss.\n\ncanonicall\n\n1\\. Prescribed by, in conformity with, or having reference to ecclesiastical\nedict or canon law. 1570-6 b. canonical hours: (a) stated times of the day\nappointed by the canons for prayer and devotion; (b) the hours (now from 8\na.m. to 3 p.m.) within which marriage can be legally performed in a parish\nchurch in England; (c) transf. 1665 PEPYS Diary (1879) III. 207 We, fearing\nthe canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal\nof unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring\n\nc. canonical dress, etc.; the articles of dress worn by clergy according to\ncanon. 1666 PEPYS Diary 27 Sept.,\n\nd. canonical obedience: the obedience to be rendered by inferior clergy to the\nbishop or other ecclesiastical superior, according to the canons. 1621\n\n✹\n\n## Maurie Beck on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI too played that game as a wee child. I even played it at the Renaissance\nPleasure Faire.\n\nIt's quite amazing how Sam carries on amidst the plague.\n\n✹\n\n## Robert Gertz on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nPoor Bess. As I suspected, no invite. While meanwhile...\n\n\"Though Bess got no invitation through the mails. Sam's presence is requested\nthis day, It's formal, a silk suit, gold buttons and lace. No plague now could\ntake the joy out of his face. Because he's invited to step out this day With\nsilk suit, gold buttons, and lace.\n\nYes, Sam's...Puttin' on his silk suit...Polishin' up his gold buttons,\nbrushin' up his lace. He's...Duding up his waist bands, Puttin' on the\nperiwig, Polishin' up those nails, Your Sam's steppin' out, dear Bess, To\nbreathe an atmosphere That simply reeks with class; And he trusts that you'll\nexcuse his dust As that six horse carriage goes past, For he'll be there,\nBreathin' on his gold buttons, Mussin' up the new suit, Dancin' in his lace.\"\n\nWonder if his line with Bess is the ole... \"What falderal, all this extra work\nkeeping me from you.\" Sigh. \"But you know Carteret is one of my bosses and I\nhave to keep the bosses happy. You know how much I loathe all this nonsensical\nhobnobbing with the wealthy and powerful.\"\n\n✹\n\n## Glyn on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nMy own diary entry for today took just six words - am I more efficient than\nhim? (Since you really, really want to know it was: \"V&A live. London Zoo\")\n\nSeriously, how long would it have taken him to have written this entry by\ncandlelight at midnight in shorthand at the end of a long and busy day. And it\nseems to me that his diary entries are tending to get ever longer.\n\n✹\n\n## Glyn on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nAn important diary entry.\n\n\"All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had\nsaluted her or no.\"\n\nWhat does salute mean in this context... kiss?\n\n\"and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the\nmost delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep\"\n\nWell said Sam, what better things can you hear from a foreign visitor (in this\ncase a Scot) but stories about his home,\n\nSorry, but I still don't understand how 4 girls can lift a sleeping boy. Can\nsomeone please explain?\n\n✹\n\n## Mary on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nthe modesty and gravity of the business...\"\n\nWell, the bride was looking \"mighty sad.\"\n\n✹\n\n## Robert Gertz on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI think, Glyn, in this context \"the salute\" though physically a kiss to\nformally greet the new bride, is quite important. Lady Sandwich was offering\nSam firm proof that he is now a fully accepted member of the family-no longer\na servant, a true cousin. Sam, wisely deferrential, hung back until such a\nproof was made. His noting that the Carterets' now consider him a \"cozen\" is a\npart of that rise to full family member.\n\nAll the effort he's put in here and over the years has finally paid off. He\nhas arrived, at last. How sweet that the seal should come from his dear Lady\nJemina. And what a sad thing that he never thought to try and have Bess\nincluded to see him in his long-awaited triumph.\n\n✹\n\n## Ghalle on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI am new to this diary, about 5 weeks, this entry was absolutely wonderful. I\nam hooked.\n\n✹\n\n## Bradford on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nHow many married visitors to the Diary, as chronicled in Phil's beautifully\ncharted \"Site statistics,\" would you imagine were accompanied to their\n[italicized] nuptial beds in this fashion?\n\n\"I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was\nvery merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went.\nI kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest\ngravity that could be, and so good night.\"\n\n\\---asking out of purely disinterested sociological curiosity, mind.\n\n✹\n\n## dirk on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nFrom the Carte Papers, Bodleian Library\nhttp://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/projects/c...\n\nHenry Moore to Sandwich\n\nWritten from: Hinchingbroke Date: 31 July 1665\n\nHas conferred with \"Mr Attorney Montagu\" at Faxton, who lodged there on his\njourney to Sir John Aubrey in Wales, whither he has resolved to proceed\nbecause he can come thence \"to the meeting at Salisbury...\" more safely,\nconsidering that the roads remote from London are more free from the Plague,\nthan others nearer.\" Enters at great length, into particulars of dowry,\njointure, and settlements, in relation to a proposed marriage of Lord\nHinchinbroke [Lord Hinchinbroke, afterwards Second Earl of Sandwich, married\nAnne Boyle, daughter of Richard, Earl of Burlington. In this letter the lady's\nname is not mentioned.] (about which, as it seems, the meeting at Salisbury\n\"was to be held\"), and enumerates certain points as to which \"Mr Attorney\"\ndesires his Lordship's instructions. ...\n\n✹\n\n## JWB on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nCannonical hours\n\nCGS gives us 8-3, but would they have chosen times when both hands of the\nclock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\n\n✹\n\n## language hat on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ. We lift you in the name of Jesus Christ.\"\n\nI don't believe this reading; it's lousy French. Surely it would have been\n\"Levons-le\" -- \"Let us lift him.\" (The letter l is easily confused with t.)\n\n✹\n\n## jeannine on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nCulture differences ??\n\nHow lovely that Sam can appreciate the 'solemn' wedding. \"But the modesty and\ngravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times\nmore delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.\"\nPerhaps witnessing a couple who take marriage vows seriously ??? or the\ndifference in an upper class 'event'???\n\nI am sure that in his days Sam has attended many different types of weddings,\nincluding perhaps some on the bawdy side of the tracks. His comments today are\nintriguing to me.\n\nAlso, of note --has anyone caught his overall comments about the \"Ladies\"\n--Lady Sandwich and Lady Carteret are perhaps 2 of the few women that Sam\ncontinuously writes of as gracious, kind and overall just plain classy.\n\n✹\n\n## A. De Araujo on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"gravity of this business\" Maybe a relic from Catholic times;after all\nCatholics still consider marriage to be a sacrament.\n\n✹\n\n## GrahamT on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nRe: Roy/Royde. Wheatley looks more accurate than L&M in one respect: raide\n(royde) means stiff, roi (roy) means king. Baston is odd too. Old spelling of\nbâton = stick/wand not stone (pierre). Royde come un Baston = Raide comme un\nbâton = Stiff as a stick? Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text? If\nthe latter, then t and l could be confused, as LH suggests, but why would he\nuse clear French to describe his peccadillos, which his French speaking wife\ncould easily read? Puzzling.\n\n✹\n\n## DiPhi on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"So God preserve us all friends long, and continue health among us.\"\n\nWhat a wonderful and elegant close to one of his very best entries.\n\n✹\n\n## Michael Robinson on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nCulture differences ??\n\nAm I the only one surprised by the speed of the marriage process?\n\nSP proposed the idea of this marriage to Carteret on June 24th.; financial and\nother arrangements concluded by June 28th.; the couple meet first on July\n15th., \"but nothing to the lady from him at all. To supper, and after supper\nto talk again, he yet taking no notice of the lady. My Lord would have had me\nhave consented to leaving the young people together to-night, to begin their\namours, his staying being but to be little. But I advised against it, lest the\nlady might be too much surprised. So they led him up to his chamber, where I\nstaid a little, to know how he liked the lady, which he told me he did\nmightily; but, Lord! in the dullest insipid manner that ever lover did.\" (\nhttp://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/15/ ); part on the 17th.; meet again\non the 24th.; are 'well acquainted' by the 28th., and married today, the 31st.\n\nI realize that the families know of each other, and that this is no modern\n'love match,' (and that marriages 'of state' could take place by proxy without\nthe parties even setting eyes on each other) but by way of comparison the time\ntaken for the couple to get to know each other over the course of fifteen\ndays, seems less than that required by SP in the diary period for sufficient\nfamiliarity to develop between two men for them to agree to dine at each\nother's houses.\n\n✹\n\n## Moira on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nHere in Co. Cork Ireland the expression \"to salute\" a person is still used\nmeaning to greet by a lifting of the hand in a quick flick ---less than a wave\nmore than gesture. Its usually an acknowledgement of a stranger or an\naquaintance and is mostly done in country areas or villages now. A person will\ncomment on someone ignoring them by saying \"he didnt even salute me\" .It is\nalso often done between drivers passing each other on a country road\n\n✹\n\n## Michael Robinson on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nRe: Roy/Royde. Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text?\n\nMy copy of L&M, vi., p. 177. (1972 ed.) reads: \"Royde comme un Baston\"\n\n\"The passages are all written in shorthand: and to obscure the meaning still\nfurther, many words are complicated by inserting between syllables the\nshorthand symbols for 'l, r, m, or n. ... they appear in this text with with\nolder French spellings, or with Spanish forms that are now non standard ...\"\nL&M vol. i, Introduction, p. lxi.\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nstiff stick, the start of rhyming slang?\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nWhat does salute mean in this context... kiss?\n\nOED see 2:not 3?\n\nsalute\n\n[a. F. salut masc., of twofold origin: (1) = Sp. saludo, It. saluto, vbl. n.\nf. Common Rom. (L.) sal{umac}t{amac}re to SALUTE; (2) originally fem., = Sp.\nsalud, Pg. saude, It. salute:{em}L. sal{umac}t-em (nom. sal{umac}s) health,\nsafety, salvation.]\n\nI. An act of saluting.\n\n1\\. An utterance, gesture, or action of any kind by which one person salutes\nanother; a salutation. Now chiefly used with reference to other than verbal\nmodes of saluting: cf. the following senses. a1400-50\n\n2\\. A kiss, by way of salutation. (Cf. SALUTE v. 2e.) 1590 GREENE Never too\nlate (1600) 93 To her hee goes, and after his wonted salute sat downe by her.\n\n1684 EARL OF ROSCOMMON Ess. Transl. Verse 314 There, cold salutes, But here, a\nLovers kiss.\n\n3\\. Mil. and Naut. a. A discharge of cannon or small arms, display of flags, a\ndipping of sails, a cheering of men, manning the yards, etc., as a mark of\nrespect, or as military, naval, or official honour, for a person, nation,\nevent, etc. A salute is said to be of as many guns as there are volleys fired.\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nJKM asks \"I wonder what 'charms' Pepys knew?\"\n\nGood question! I wonder whether he was acquainted with the LEMEGETON,\nCLAVICULA SALOMONIS, or THE LESSER KEY OF SOLOMON, Detailing the ceremonial\nart of commanding spirits both good and evil (1641?)\nhttp://www.esotericarchives.com/solomon/lemegeton...\n\nThe Wikipedia article about it:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lesser_Key_of_So...\n\n✹\n\n## jean-paul on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nFirst, welcome Ghalle—and enjoy the catching-up!. Second, i am French and i\ntestify to the exactitude of \"royde comme un baston\", it is still widely used\ntoday in its modernised form \"raide comme un bâton\" (the circomflex accent is\na remnant of the letter \"s\", as in hôpital, rôti, maître, a.s.o.). Finally,\nsome light on the levitation trick (Pepys is even quoted!) at\nhttp://www.wikihow.com/Play-Light-as-a-Feather And what a great entry!\n\n✹\n\n## tyndale on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nToday's Intelligencer:\n\nPlymouth, July 25: The Elizabeth has caught six Dutch ships in the channel.\nMiddlesex and City and Liberties of Westminster, July 25: Charitable donations\nto the sufferers in London should be given to four churchwardens listed in\norder to ensure they end up being applied correctly. Cadiz, July 6: The Dutch\nare trying to stir up the Moors agains the English at Tangier, but it's not\nworking; the mole raised at Tangier will frustrate Dutch incursions;\ndescription of the mole and its fortress. Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the\nConfederates have joined up with the King's army; Bialenoienkow has defeated\nseveral Muscovite generals. London, July 28: The Dutch have supposedly devised\ntwo councils of war \"to sit abord the Fleet\" but in fact \"the Dominus fac\nTotum is De Wit, the rest serving onely to countenance the design;\" the Fleet\nofficers are offended by all this; the fleet lies in the Texel, but does not\nhave enough ships to put out; De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway\nThe Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate. Numbers from the\nlatest plague bill. Vienna, July 18: Turkish ambassador thinks he is not\ngetting enough respect; Ambassador from Munster complaining of the injuries he\nhas received from the Netherlands; expecting news of a big battle in Poland\nLegorn, July 18: Sir John Einth, the British resident in Tuscany, is making a\ngood impression; ; description of his reception by the Grand Duke of Tuscany;\nthe Dutch in Legorn celebrated when they heard a rumor that the Dutch fleet\nwas victorious, but when more accurate news arrived that they had been\ndefeated they disappeared and the English were celebrating publicly. Flushing,\nAug 4 [presumably Gregorian calendar]: Holland has usurped on the privileges\nof this province by enlisting men for the navy; alarms of dangers out of\nGermany; \"This state is dryed up, and the Merchant, languishing for want of\nTrade\" Ostend, August 5: The states of Holland are in such bad shape that it's\nhard to see how they can continue the war \"considering the general defection,\nmisery; and complaint of the People, which resort hither of late in great\nnumbers, and we find them better informed in the true state as the difference\nthen stands with the convenience of their Governors.\" Antwerp, August 4: The\nDutch fleet will sail out when they can, but \"wise men are of opinion they\nwill not venture to sea yet this fortnight;\" the naval commanders look on De\nWitt \"as a kind of Amphibion,\" Final article: JPs of County Surrey have\ndireted the closure of the wells and other plague measures\n\nNew ads: lost dog, lost watch, Robert Theaker's new book 'A Light to the\nLongitude: Or the use of an Instrument called the Seamans Director, speedily\nresolving all Astronomical Cases and Questions concerning the Sung, Moon...\"\n\n✹\n\n## Pedro on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n“De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway”\n\nDe Ruyter had reached the Norwegian coast and sailed towards Jutland after\ncleaning his ships in case he met with the enemy.\n\nSandwich was hovering about Dogger Bank, and thinking of attacking De Ruyter\nif he took refuge in the neutral port of Bergen. He also hoped to take rich\ncargo of the returning East India fleet and had obtained permission from the\nDanes upon promise of giving them half the booty. When he heard that De Ruyter\nhad been seen near Bergan on the 10/20th July he made for it with his whole\nfleet; but De Ruyter had just escaped to the south.\n\nDe Ruyter decided to try to reach the Ems past Heligoland, and if this was\npossible to take refuge in the Elbe or the Weser. On 23rdJuly/2nd August he\nmet a few English ships but Sandwich was on the coast of Norway and so he was\nable to make straight for Holland. In his Journal he put this down to the\ndirect assistance of God, and he reached western Ems on the same day. The\nbuoys and beacons had been removed to prevent English attack.\n\nOn the 28th July/6th August at 3 o’clock the fleet towing its prizes adorned\nwith their English flags in sign of triumph, anchored in the roads of\nDelfzijl. The news spread like wildfire throughout the whole Republic.\n\nNo Admiral had ever been given such a reception and Lowestoft was forgotten.\nEveryone believed that their hero would save the country from danger.\n\nOne of the prizes he had taken contained a quantity of sugar and tobacco as\nwell as 1600lbs of elephant trunks, 682 marcs of gold to the value of nearly\n£20,000 and a number of other goods.\n\n(Summary from the Life of De Ruyter by Blok)\n\n✹\n\n## Pedro on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n“The Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate.”\n\nStrange how the Chinese are regarded as pirates. Boxer in his Dutch Seaborne\nEmpire (1600-1800) says...\n\nThe Chinese impression of the Dutch in the 17th Century was naturally\ninfluenced by the piratical attacks of the Netherlands against the Fukienese\njunks trading with Manila, and by forcibly kidnapping of the Chinese to help\npopulate Batavia after Coen’s capture of Jakarta.\n\n✹\n\n## tyndale on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI think this guy actually is a pirate, though. The Ming dynasty had trouble\ncontrolling their huge empire, and Chinese pirates fluorished through the 17th\ncentury.\n\nIt might be Zheng Jing, whom you can read about here:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zheng_Jing\n\n✹\n\n## language hat on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the\nKing’s army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals.\"\n\nBrief summary of events in Eastern Europe: Ukraine had long been restive under\nthe rule of Poland (or, to be precise, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,\nwhich up to this point had been a major power); in 1654 the Ukrainian Cossack\nleader Bogdan Khmelnitsky, encouraged by Tsar Alexei, had declared\nindependence, starting a long war between Poland (aided by the Turks) and\nRussia. Things had been going badly for the Russians on the battlefield since\n1660, but the Polish King John Casimir (Polish: Jan Kazimierz Waza) was faced\nwith a revolt of the nobility led by Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, who will\ndefeat the king's forces in August near Częstochowa (before being forced into\nexile in 1668). At the moment drawn-out peace negotiations are being carried\non between Russia and Poland that will culminate in January 1667 in the Truce\nof Andrusovo, which gives Left Bank Ukraine (the eastern part) to Russia and\nRight Bank Ukraine to Poland. The disruption caused in Russia by the war,\nincreasingly onerous taxation, and oppression of the peasants (who fled in\nmassive numbers to the relative freedom of Ukrainian Cossack life) will lead\nin a few years to Stepan (Stenka) Razin's rebellion. Poland will continue to\nsuffer war and rebellions and in the next century will be divided up between\nRussia, Prussia, and Austria.\n\nI have no idea who \"Bialenoienkow\" might be.\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nhere be all them's that believe ye shall NOT steal? freedom of the seas then\ndominion over all that crawl....\n\n✹\n\n## Australian Susan on 3 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nReading the account of the girls levitating the boy took me back [**] years to\nwhen I was 10 and doing this by candlelight in a friend's cellar. Quite scary.\nAnd I too had no idea this was so old. We used to chant in a voice just above\na whisper:(repeating round the group) \"she looks pale, she is pale, she looks\ncold, she is cold, she looks dead, she is dead, raise her\"\n\nWeddings used to be rowdy affairs in medieval times and it was Puritan\ninfluences beginning in the 16th century which sobered things up. Sam was\nexpecting a lot of boisterous play with garters and ribbons and so on, but no\nsuch luck. He did get to kiss (salute) the bride and then get another kiss in\nonce she had been put to bed. And him in his red suit AND gold buttons AND\ngold lace. (and also no Bess.....)\n\n\"sad\" means grave, not miserable.\n\n✹\n\n## Australian Susan on 3 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nTime of Marriage\n\nYou had to be married before 2.30. There's a whole plot line developed around\nthis in Hardy's Far From the Madding Crowd.\n\n✹\n\n## dirk on 4 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nJWB - cannonical hours - \"would they have chosen times when both hands of the\nclock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\"\n\nI've never heard of this custom, but it probably wasn't in use in the 17th c.\n- for the simple reason that it was only in the mid 17th c. that clocks were\nfitted with a second (minutes) hand...\n\n✹\n\n## Robert Gertz on 5 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"Hurry, Hewer. We've only seconds to...\"\n\nSir?\n\n\"Right, seventeenth century. We've less than a minute to spare!\"\n\n✹\n\n## Andrew Hamilton on 7 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nMay I add, to the general admiration of this entry for its lively detail about\nthe wedding day, my appreciation of Sam's writing on to give (as he often did)\nhis monthly/quarterly summary of the affairs of his life and community. The\nchange in focus from the minute to the overview is particularly effective\nhere.\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 15 Sep 2015 • Link\n\n\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"\n\nThe canonical hour in question here would presumably have been Sext (noon) or\nNone (mid-afternoon) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_hours#Ang...\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 16 Sep 2015 • Link\n\n\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"\n\nA single trusted messenger (Carteret's Hewer) could cross the Thames by galley\nto an inn on the south side where a horse could be hired.\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"going towards the church\"\n\nL&M suggest probably that of South Weald: http://www.british-\nhistory.ac.uk/vch/essex/vol8/p...\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life,\nbecause I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and\nhonour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of\nmoney; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all\nsides.\"\n\nCf. Samuel Pepys to Sandwich Written from: Navy Office Date: 7 August 1665\n\nShelfmark: MS. Carte 75, fol(s). 327-8 Document type: Holograph\n\nStates the happy circumstances attendant on the marriage of Lady Jemima\nMontagu with Mr Carteret as being \"the only occurrence ... I ever met with,\nbegun, proceeded on and finished with the same uninterrupted excess of\nsatisfaction to all parties\". Reports his having sent a ship of 36 guns, to\nfetch Lord Hinchinbrooke from Calais, who proceeded to join the bridal party\nat Scots Hall. Adds his advice to Lord Sandwich \"to quicken the settlement of\nthe money matters on both sides\". Mentions that \"the Plague is now, more or\nless, got into most corners of the Kingdom\". ...\n\nCarte Calendar http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/projects/c... (Per L&M\nnote)\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling him some of my charms\"\n\nL&M remind us of Pepys's Charmes: https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1664/12/31/\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"the cook of the house, a very lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is\nvery big, and they did raise him in just the same manner. \"\n\nFor accounts (at second hand) of similar experiments, see Letters on natural\nmagic by Brewster, David, Sir; Smith, James Alexander, pub. 1883, pp. 255-7\nhttps://archive.org/details/lettersonnatural00bre... It is said to be\nessential that all the people concerned shall breathe in simultaneously, and\nhold their breath. (Per L&M note)\n\n✹\n\n## San Diego Sarah on 30 Jul 2018 • Link\n\nOn Tuesday 24 January, 1659/60, Samuel and Elizabeth attend the wedding of\nCapt. Tom Lucy ... which was more ribald than today, and he didn't enjoy it.\n\nhttps://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1660/01/24/\n\n✹\n\n## Geoff Hallett on 30 Jul 2018 • Link\n\nA truly wonderful entry. The small detail of a full day like this is the most\nfascinating for me.\n\n✹\n\n## Cazbot on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\n\nWe played the 'raising the body' game too, after lights out at our boarding\nschool. Words very similar to Australian Susan's. I was sure at the time we\ndid raise the body, although now I can't believe we did.\n\n✹\n\n## Tonyel on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\n\n. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they\nbeing both in their old cloaths\n\nWhy in their old cloaths? Was the Sandwich party bringing silks and gold\nbuttons for the bride and the groom?\n\n✹\n\n## San Diego Sarah on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\n\n\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that\nwhen we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone\nfrom home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which\ntroubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well\ndone: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there\nbeing three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me;\nbut yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual.\n\"\n\nI think we may have lost something in translation here, or Pepys was exhausted\nwhen writing.\n\nThe story to me is that they were running late, so reluctantly sent a rider\nahead with the license and ring because the service had to be completed by a\nset time. They followed in the coach at full gallop, stopped at Dagenhams, but\neveryone had already left. So they headed towards the church, and met everyone\ncoming away from the service. Pepys missed it! Grandpa Lord Crew gave away\nMrs. Jem (since Sandwich is at sea). There were three other coach-loads of\nwitnesses. People were dressed in their usual clothes ... which wasn't\nuncommon in those days. You wore your best dress to your wedding. And these\nfolk's usual \"old\" clothes would be pretty fancy.\n\nPerhaps if it had been held during peace-time, at Court, with Charles and\nCatherine in attendance, there would have been more of a dressy do. But\nknowing they could all be dead soon, they moved up the wedding by 3 days, and\nhappily just got on with it. Ask anyone who remembers WWII -- that's how it\nwas then, too.\n\nPoor girl sounds terrified. It's a shame Philip was so shy before the wedding.\n\n✹\n\n## Timo on 21 Aug 2018 • Link\n\nLanguage Hat, as ever the Chairman of Pedant’s Corner\n\nLog in to post an annotation.\n\nIf you don't have an account, then register here.\n\n# Read more\n\nAll diary entries from July 1665\n\nRead a summary of this month’s events\n\n# Latest Site News\n\nA Samuel Pepys Diary API\n\n 9 August 2021\nDaily diary emails update\n\n 1 May 2021\n\n# Email, Twitter & Mastodon\n\nReceive diary entries by email daily\n\nJoin the Pepys’ Diary email discussion group\n\nFollow in real time on Twitter or on Mastodon\n\n# RSS feeds\n\n * Diary entries\n * Encyclopedia topics\n * In-Depth articles\n * Site News posts\n\n# About\n\nThis site is run by Phil Gyford\n\n@philgyford on Twitter\n\nMore about this site\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210516195705/https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Lift that finger › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science (ABC Science)","passages":["Dr Karl loves a bit of magic. But he can't abide hocus-pocus, and he takes great delight in dispelling shifty myth-making activities.","The \"Finger Lift\" is a fairly common party trick. It's used by primary school kids doing sleepovers, high-school students trying to impress each other, and many people trying to push a spiritual barrow. The Finger Lift also goes under the name of \"Stiff As a Board, Light As a Feather\".","Once you've seen it, your memory of the marvellous event is quite precise — and utterly wrong. The subject was seated in a chair, or on a table, or lying down on the floor.","Then four of you gathered around, and were told to try to lift the subject using either just one single finger, or your two index fingers joined into a single lifting unit from your two clenched hands. As you would expect, you couldn't lift them (either with a single finger, or with two fingers joined together).","First, you were told to chant a song, or rub your own two hands together, or to pile all eight hands of the potential lifters one at a time on top of the head of the subject, or to press on their shoulders — or something.","It didn't matter exactly what it was — there was always some kind of silly ritual that didn't seem to make any sense.","Then you were instructed to count to some number, or to chant a song, and then at a certain point, to try to lift. And then — lo and behold — your fingers acquired magical strength and you could lift the subject effortlessly into the air.","First, the timing. There are lots of videos of this Finger Lift on YouTube. One of them claims that \"it's an old Romanian trick\", while others have Chinese or Africans doing it.","But they all have the timing in common. For the first doomed attempt to lift the subject, there was no effort to get everybody to do the lift at the same instant. In fact, there was deliberate vague misdirection, along the lines of \"so go ahead try to lift\".","And in all of the videos on YouTube, you can see that the lifters are very much out of time with each other.","That means that for the brief instant each person is trying to lift the subject by themselves, they are fruitlessly trying to lift the entire 50–80kg weight of the subject on one (or two) fingers.","The purpose of the chanting of the numbers, or the prayer, or song is not to Unleash the Power Within — it's really to synchronise the four potential lifters into one single lifting unit.","And there is usually a countdown to the final lift. So all four lift as one, and so each one has to lift only 12–20kg with the chosen finger or fingers.","The second factor is the very fallible human memory. Every person who has described this to me has described the strange mystical power that gave them the ability to not only lift the subject into the air, but also, to effortlessly hold them there.","But every time I have seen it done, the lifters just barely lifted the subject, and could not hold them there, and in fact, almost dropped them in their haste to get them down to the ground again.","And the third and last factor is that your fingers are actually very strong. Louis Cyr, the old-time French Canadian strongman (1863–1912) could lift 553lb (250.2kg) with a single finger (his right middle).","The old-time American strongman of the early 1900s, Warren Lincoln Travis, lifted 560lb (254kg) on his 50th birthday with a single finger.","The Finger Lift party trick has made it into popular culture with appearances in South Park (the \"Marjorine\" episode) and the film, The Craft. In each case, it was associated with exotic witchcraft, not prosaic timing"]},"parsed_md":"Lift that finger › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science (ABC Science)\n\nSkip to navigation | Skip to content\n\n * Search\n\n * Radio\n * TV\n * Shop\n * News\n * Sport\n * Local\n * Children\n * Science\n * Environment\n * More...\n * Help\n\n## This site is being redeveloped. For all the latest ABC Science content\nclick here.\n\n### Site Navigation\n\n * Video\n * Audio\n * Photos\n\n * Explore by topic\n\n * Ancient Worlds\n * Being Human\n * Energy & Transport\n * Environment & Nature\n * Health & Medical\n * Innovation & Technology\n * Space & Astronomy\n\n * News in Science\n * In Depth\n * Dr Karl\n\n * Great Moments in Science\n * Dr Karl on triplej\n * Karl Trek\n * Sleek Geeks\n * School's video prize\n * Karl Who?\n * Ask an Expert\n * Bernie's Basics\n * Quizzes & Games\n * Teaching Science\n\n * Lesson Plans\n * Conundrums\n * Demonstrations\n * Careers\n * Ace Day Jobs\n * Talking Science\n * Catapult on triplej\n\n * Share\n * Print\n\nDr Karl › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science\n\n# Lift that finger\n\nDr Karl loves a bit of magic. But he can't abide hocus-pocus, and he takes\ngreat delight in dispelling shifty myth-making activities.\n\nBy Karl S. Kruszelnicki\n\n(Source: iStockphoto)\n\n### Related Stories\n\n * Audio: Lift that finger (ABC Science)\n\nThe \"Finger Lift\" is a fairly common party trick. It's used by primary school\nkids doing sleepovers, high-school students trying to impress each other, and\nmany people trying to push a spiritual barrow. The Finger Lift also goes under\nthe name of \"Stiff As a Board, Light As a Feather\".\n\nOnce you've seen it, your memory of the marvellous event is quite precise —\nand utterly wrong. The subject was seated in a chair, or on a table, or lying\ndown on the floor.\n\nThen four of you gathered around, and were told to try to lift the subject\nusing either just one single finger, or your two index fingers joined into a\nsingle lifting unit from your two clenched hands. As you would expect, you\ncouldn't lift them (either with a single finger, or with two fingers joined\ntogether).\n\nThen, the voodoo magic began.\n\nFirst, you were told to chant a song, or rub your own two hands together, or\nto pile all eight hands of the potential lifters one at a time on top of the\nhead of the subject, or to press on their shoulders — or something.\n\nIt didn't matter exactly what it was — there was always some kind of silly\nritual that didn't seem to make any sense.\n\nThen you were instructed to count to some number, or to chant a song, and then\nat a certain point, to try to lift. And then — lo and behold — your fingers\nacquired magical strength and you could lift the subject effortlessly into the\nair.\n\nWhy is it so?\n\nThere are three answers — timing, poor memory, and the natural underestimated\nstrength of your fingers.\n\nFirst, the timing. There are lots of videos of this Finger Lift on YouTube.\nOne of them claims that \"it's an old Romanian trick\", while others have\nChinese or Africans doing it.\n\nBut they all have the timing in common. For the first doomed attempt to lift\nthe subject, there was no effort to get everybody to do the lift at the same\ninstant. In fact, there was deliberate vague misdirection, along the lines of\n\"so go ahead try to lift\".\n\nAnd in all of the videos on YouTube, you can see that the lifters are very\nmuch out of time with each other.\n\nThat means that for the brief instant each person is trying to lift the\nsubject by themselves, they are fruitlessly trying to lift the entire 50–80kg\nweight of the subject on one (or two) fingers.\n\nBut for the second successful attempt, the timing is very precise.\n\nThe purpose of the chanting of the numbers, or the prayer, or song is not to\nUnleash the Power Within — it's really to synchronise the four potential\nlifters into one single lifting unit.\n\nAnd there is usually a countdown to the final lift. So all four lift as one,\nand so each one has to lift only 12–20kg with the chosen finger or fingers.\n\nThe second factor is the very fallible human memory. Every person who has\ndescribed this to me has described the strange mystical power that gave them\nthe ability to not only lift the subject into the air, but also, to\neffortlessly hold them there.\n\nBut every time I have seen it done, the lifters just barely lifted the\nsubject, and could not hold them there, and in fact, almost dropped them in\ntheir haste to get them down to the ground again.\n\nAnd that is what you will see on YouTube.\n\nAnd the third and last factor is that your fingers are actually very strong.\nLouis Cyr, the old-time French Canadian strongman (1863–1912) could lift 553lb\n(250.2kg) with a single finger (his right middle).\n\nThe old-time American strongman of the early 1900s, Warren Lincoln Travis,\nlifted 560lb (254kg) on his 50th birthday with a single finger.\n\nThe Finger Lift party trick has made it into popular culture with appearances\nin South Park (the \"Marjorine\" episode) and the film, The Craft. In each case,\nit was associated with exotic witchcraft, not prosaic timing\n\nThese simple explanations are really giving the finger to the myth.\n\nTags: anthropology-and-sociology, weightlifting, 19th-century, 20th-century\n\n^ to top\n\nPublished 27 May 2008\n\n© 2021 Karl S. Kruszelnicki Pty Ltd\n\nEmail ABC Science\n\n * Share this moment\n * Email a friend\n\nUse these social-bookmarking links to share Lift that finger.\n\n * Tweet\n\nUse this form to email 'Lift that finger' to someone you know:\nhttps://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm?\n\n### Subscribe to the Great Moments in Science Podcast\n\n### Latest Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science\n\n * Dr Karl: Did life begin on an invisible mountain range?\n * Sorry, not all animals take 12 seconds to poo\n * The real costs of air pollution\n * Why isn't cannibalism more common?\n * Can you get pregnant during a pregnancy?\n\nLatest Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science web feed\n\n### Follow ABC Science\n\n### About |Contact | ABC Science\n\n#### Sections\n\n * News in Science\n * In Depth\n * Dr Karl\n * Ask an Expert\n * Bernie's Basics\n * Quizzes & Games\n * Teaching Science\n * Audio\n * Video\n * Photos\n\n#### Topics\n\n * Ancient Worlds\n * Being Human\n * Energy & Transport\n * Environment & Nature\n * Health & Medical\n * Innovation & Technology\n * Space & Astronomy\n\n#### Listen\n\n * All in the Mind\n * Body Sphere\n * Dr Karl on triplej\n * FutureTense\n * Great Moments in Science\n * The Health Report\n * Ockham's Razor\n * Off Track\n * The Philosopher's Zone\n * The Science Show\n\n#### Watch\n\n * Ace Day Jobs\n * Catalyst\n * Crude\n * ExperiMentals\n * Sleek Geeks video prize\n * Talking Science\n * Time Traveller's Guide to Australia\n * Voyage to the Planets\n\n#### More science sites\n\n * Catchment Detox\n * Surfing Scientist\n * Walking with Dinosaurs\n\n#### Related ABC sites\n\n * ABC Environment\n * ABC Health and Wellbeing\n * ABC Technology and Games\n\n#### Search ABC Science\n\n * A–Z subject and location library\n * Science archives\n * Search ABC Science by keyword\n\n### Stay updated\n\n#### ABC Science Newsletter\n\nGet ABC Science’s weekly newsletter Science Updates\n\n#### Follow ABC Science on Twitter\n\n * ABC Science\n * Catalyst\n * Doctor Karl\n * Surfing Scientist\n * ABC Health Online\n * More ABC programs and people on Twitter»\n\n * ABC Home\n * About the ABC\n * ABC Careers\n * ABC Contacts\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Accessibility\n * © 2019 ABC\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171103030131/http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/","parsed_text":{"title":"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does Work! – Blumhouse.com","passages":["Anyone who has ever been a 10-year-old girl likely played “Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board”. This required slumber party game for adolescent females was pretty much a right of passage into teen-hood along with bad makeovers and calling boys you like on the phone and hanging up.","A few weeks ago, I found myself explaining the mechanics of the game to a group of bewildered guys who apparently had never seen THE CRAFT or had sisters. As I explained the mystical incantation behind this parlor trick, one of the guys cut me off by saying “yeah, but does it really work?” Yes! Yes, it does in fact work. Here is how you play as well as several theories on why this game allows you to seemingly levitate your friends.","The Point of the Game: 4-5 of you will be able to lift a friend with just two fingers each. You try the first time and discover he or she is way to heavy and about to break your fragile fingers off. But yet, after a simple incantation and mystical chant, you will be able to lift your friend with just two fingers, almost like they are levitating or a spirit was lifting them up.","3- Then 2 people sit on either side (shoulders and knees work best). If a 5^th person is lifting as well, have them sit at the head. Everyone should sit on their knees so you can easily stand up to levitate your friend.","4- Start by having everyone place two fingers one each hand under the person laying in the center (middle and index finer). Go ahead and try to lift them while they are completely conscious. It will be near impossible.","5- One person is the group leader. This person will then tell the story of how the individual in the center is about to allow the spirit of a dead person to enter their body, effectively becoming corpse-like. The narrator should instruct the body in the center to slowly become stiff like a corpse, and because their body and spirit are now open to supernatural influences, an outside spirit will enter and allow the body to become light.","6- Then the narrator says “light as a feather, stiff as a board”. Gradually the other people should start repeating it, except for the body in the center- they stay dead and stiff, eyes closed.","7- After chanting several times, begin to lift the body off the floor, still with just two fingers per hand. You will now be able to lift the body with little to no effort. Stand up, and extend your arms upward. It will be effortless. But don’t stop chanting or the spell will be broken, and the person will go back to their normal weight crashing to the ground.","8- Keep chanting “light as a feather, stiff as a board” until the body is lowered safely back down to the ground. Then ask the spirit to leave the body and tell the person they can now get up.","There are a number of theories about why the game works so well, well enough to amaze countless pre-teen girls into thinking that they had somehow evoked a dead spirit or suddenly become super strong.","The first time you try to lift your friend, the group lacks focus. Usually there is giggling and skepticism, especially if you are a bunch of 10-year-old girls amped up on Diet Coke and pizza. Plus, your friend in the middle is likely still very awake and nervous about what is about to be done to them. By the second time you attempt the lift, everyone is highly tuned into the task at hand, incredibly focused on the act of lifting. The chanting helps to unite the movements. And the weight will likely be more evenly distributed about all of the participants.","Ever tried to lift a mattress? Sucks, right? A mattress is completely limp and just because you can hoist up one side with ease does not keep the other side from flopping on the ground. But yet, something of a similar weight- say the bed’s box spring- seems a lot easier to carry. That is because the material is doing a bunch of the work for you. Whereas the mattress has no structure and just slumps when not supported in all places, the wood or metal allows you to pick up just one section, and the rest will follow maintaining the shape. The same rule applies to your “dead” friend laying in the middle of the group. Upon the first attempt, they are relaxed. Just because you try to wedge your two fingers under their shoulders and push towards the heavens does not mean the rest of their body will follow. But after the incantation, they are stiff and focused. Without realizing it, they are doing a lot of the work for you by keeping their muscles rigid allowing you to lift them with only a few points of contact.","When sitting in 12-year-old Dakota’s dark basement giggling but trying not to wake up her super lame parent’s, there was something special happening. We really friggin wanted this to work!! It was awesome. It was something bigger than us, something mystical and unknown. Whereas I now approach mysticism and ghosts with immediate skepticism, during those formidable years the idea that we could in some way evoke a spirit or super powers was monumental. Thus, we were more likely to try a lot harder the second time. Our united goal of preforming this spiritual task helped vault that body skyward!","OK, it was all just witchcraft. Maybe the devil. 10-years are some evil beasts. And your friend is really possessed the spirit of a dead person. Hail Satan!","Supposedly, the game dates all the way back to the 17^th century England and was first seen during plague outbreaks. Some thought that being levitated would help keep the disease away. For another, mystical ancient party trick that is currently played by 10-year-old girls to scare the hell out of each other, check out our instructions on how to evoke The Midnight Man or Nightmare Man here."]},"parsed_md":"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does Work!\n– Blumhouse.com\n\n# Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does\nWork!\n\n1,637 Shares Tweet\n\nRebekah McKendry\n\n@RebekahMcKendry\n\nJanuary 20, 2016\n\nAnyone who has ever been a 10-year-old girl likely played “Light as a Feather,\nStiff as a Board”. This required slumber party game for adolescent females was\npretty much a right of passage into teen-hood along with bad makeovers and\ncalling boys you like on the phone and hanging up.\n\nA few weeks ago, I found myself explaining the mechanics of the game to a\ngroup of bewildered guys who apparently had never seen THE CRAFT or had\nsisters. As I explained the mystical incantation behind this parlor trick, one\nof the guys cut me off by saying “yeah, but does it really work?” Yes! Yes, it\ndoes in fact work. Here is how you play as well as several theories on why\nthis game allows you to seemingly levitate your friends.\n\nThe Point of the Game: 4-5 of you will be able to lift a friend with just two\nfingers each. You try the first time and discover he or she is way to heavy\nand about to break your fragile fingers off. But yet, after a simple\nincantation and mystical chant, you will be able to lift your friend with just\ntwo fingers, almost like they are levitating or a spirit was lifting them up.\n\nHow to play:\n\n1- Dim the lights. Candles are a nice touch or flashlights.\n\n2- Have one person lay down flat on the floor, arms crossed over their chest\nas if dead.\n\n3- Then 2 people sit on either side (shoulders and knees work best). If a 5^th\nperson is lifting as well, have them sit at the head. Everyone should sit on\ntheir knees so you can easily stand up to levitate your friend.\n\n4- Start by having everyone place two fingers one each hand under the person\nlaying in the center (middle and index finer). Go ahead and try to lift them\nwhile they are completely conscious. It will be near impossible.\n\n5- One person is the group leader. This person will then tell the story of how\nthe individual in the center is about to allow the spirit of a dead person to\nenter their body, effectively becoming corpse-like. The narrator should\ninstruct the body in the center to slowly become stiff like a corpse, and\nbecause their body and spirit are now open to supernatural influences, an\noutside spirit will enter and allow the body to become light.\n\n6- Then the narrator says “light as a feather, stiff as a board”. Gradually\nthe other people should start repeating it, except for the body in the center-\nthey stay dead and stiff, eyes closed.\n\n7- After chanting several times, begin to lift the body off the floor, still\nwith just two fingers per hand. You will now be able to lift the body with\nlittle to no effort. Stand up, and extend your arms upward. It will be\neffortless. But don’t stop chanting or the spell will be broken, and the\nperson will go back to their normal weight crashing to the ground.\n\n8- Keep chanting “light as a feather, stiff as a board” until the body is\nlowered safely back down to the ground. Then ask the spirit to leave the body\nand tell the person they can now get up.\n\nHow it works:\n\nThere are a number of theories about why the game works so well, well enough\nto amaze countless pre-teen girls into thinking that they had somehow evoked a\ndead spirit or suddenly become super strong.\n\nTheory 1- Group Focus\n\nThe first time you try to lift your friend, the group lacks focus. Usually\nthere is giggling and skepticism, especially if you are a bunch of 10-year-old\ngirls amped up on Diet Coke and pizza. Plus, your friend in the middle is\nlikely still very awake and nervous about what is about to be done to them. By\nthe second time you attempt the lift, everyone is highly tuned into the task\nat hand, incredibly focused on the act of lifting. The chanting helps to unite\nthe movements. And the weight will likely be more evenly distributed about all\nof the participants.\n\nTheory 2- It’s All About the Tension\n\nEver tried to lift a mattress? Sucks, right? A mattress is completely limp and\njust because you can hoist up one side with ease does not keep the other side\nfrom flopping on the ground. But yet, something of a similar weight- say the\nbed’s box spring- seems a lot easier to carry. That is because the material is\ndoing a bunch of the work for you. Whereas the mattress has no structure and\njust slumps when not supported in all places, the wood or metal allows you to\npick up just one section, and the rest will follow maintaining the shape. The\nsame rule applies to your “dead” friend laying in the middle of the group.\nUpon the first attempt, they are relaxed. Just because you try to wedge your\ntwo fingers under their shoulders and push towards the heavens does not mean\nthe rest of their body will follow. But after the incantation, they are stiff\nand focused. Without realizing it, they are doing a lot of the work for you by\nkeeping their muscles rigid allowing you to lift them with only a few points\nof contact.\n\nTheory 3- You Really, Really Want It To Work!\n\nWhen sitting in 12-year-old Dakota’s dark basement giggling but trying not to\nwake up her super lame parent’s, there was something special happening. We\nreally friggin wanted this to work!! It was awesome. It was something bigger\nthan us, something mystical and unknown. Whereas I now approach mysticism and\nghosts with immediate skepticism, during those formidable years the idea that\nwe could in some way evoke a spirit or super powers was monumental. Thus, we\nwere more likely to try a lot harder the second time. Our united goal of\npreforming this spiritual task helped vault that body skyward!\n\nTheory 4- Satan Did It.\n\nOK, it was all just witchcraft. Maybe the devil. 10-years are some evil\nbeasts. And your friend is really possessed the spirit of a dead person. Hail\nSatan!\n\nSupposedly, the game dates all the way back to the 17^th century England and\nwas first seen during plague outbreaks. Some thought that being levitated\nwould help keep the disease away. For another, mystical ancient party trick\nthat is currently played by 10-year-old girls to scare the hell out of each\nother, check out our instructions on how to evoke The Midnight Man or\nNightmare Man here.\n\n#### Comments\n\nPrevious Story Check Out The Teaser Trailer For Karyn Kusama's THE INVITATION\n\nNext Story Check Out the Disturbing New Trailer for THE BOY!\n\n * Latest\n * Trending\n\n * BLUMHOUSE Returns to TEXAS FRIGHTMARE WEEKEND for 2018!\n * Watch the SHOCK WAVES Crew on Hulu’s New Series FRIGHTS AND INSIGHTS!\n * POV HORROR is the First Movie Channel Dedicated to Found Footage Films\n * This Pint-Sized Pennywise Cosplay is Both Adorable AND Terrifying\n\n * The Story Of How Matthew McConaughey Helped Bring An UNSOLVED MYSTERIES Murderer To Justice\n * The REAL Story Behind THE TEXAS CHAINSAW MASSACRE: The Notorious Killer Ed Gein\n * The Mysterious Legends Surrounding HELLTOWN, OHIO\n * You Lose — You Die: Ten Movies About Deadly Games of Survival\n\nWhat else to read\n\nReal Life Scares\n\nCREEPYPASTA: Secret Search for the “Gateway of the Mind” Ends in Horror — and\nDeath\n\nFilms\n\nGuillermo Del Toro In Talks to Adapt SCARY STORIES TO TELL IN THE DARK!\n\nFilms\n\nThe Power Of Expectation: New Video Series Breaks Down PSYCHO!\n\nShare This on Facebook\n\nx\n\nSubscribe\n\nFollow Us\n\n© 2017 RSV BH LLC\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\narticle continues below\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811090207/https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A fun and somewhat freaky levitation game for you and at least five of your friends to play at night. It does not summon spirits, nor is it intended to be horror-like.\",\n \"Late at night, light a candle in a dark room and place it on the floor, and unplug any and all electronic devices. I find it works best if outside lights (including the moon and stars) are blocked by curtains or something similar. Have someone (the subject, or victim, if you will, lay down with their arms crossed over their chest with the candle between their feet. Arrange five kneeling people around the subject. Done correctly, two people will be at the subject’s knees, one on each side, two more at the subject’s shoulders, and one at his or her head. Have the five people place their index and middle fingers of both hands under the subject, with their palms facing up.\",\n \"Now everyone, including the subject, closes their eyes. The person kneeling at the subject’s head then says, “Light as a feather, stiff as a board.” Going clockwise (to the left), each person repeats the phrase and it goes around the circle until everyone (not including the subject) has said it three times. It is very important to enunciate clearly, otherwise it won’t work. If anyone is skipped at any time or hesitates to say it, it won’t work either. Once the chant has passed around the circle three times, the person kneeling at the head of the subject says, “One, two, three.” On “three,” each of the five kneeling people flick their fingers upward, being careful not to move.\",\n \"If this works, the subject will slowly float up off the ground. They will continue to rise until someone opens their eyes, moves, or speaks, or until the person gets above the flame of the candle at their feet. When that happens, they will immediately fall back to the floor, so either be prepared to catch them or don’t let them get too high. They go up at a rate of about two or three inches per second, so keep this in mind when performing this trick.\",\n \"I’ve been told this also works in a pitch black room, but I have not tried it myself. Another version I’ve heard requires this to be done outside in the light of the moon (most likely a full one), but this is difficult unless you live in an area where there aren’t any other sources of light. The rules are the same except for the one about the subject rising above the candle. More than just the six people required for the stunt can be in the room, but they must be kneeling and closing their eyes, and they can’t move or speak or the trick won’t work.\",\n \"Folks in Appalachia often practiced a hybrid form of Christianity which marries traditional Biblical teaching with practices and customs that some would see more closely aligned with mysticism and the occult. The results have...\",\n \"Legends and magic are associated with willow trees. They symbolise renewal, growth, vitality and immortality in China. The weeping willow is a common sign of mourning. “In Louisiana, when a willow grew large enough...\",\n \"According to German tradition, The tradition of Weihnachtsgurke, or the Christmas Pickle, was the last ornament placed on the tree. On Christmas morning, the first child to find the gherkin was rewarded with an...\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board - UrbanLegendsOnline.com\\n\\nSkip to content Menu Close\\n\\nReport a Legend\\n\\nMenu\\n\\n# Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board\\n\\nJanuary 13, 2014 Rituals and Games\\n\\nA fun and somewhat freaky levitation game for you and at least five of your\\nfriends to play at night. It does not summon spirits, nor is it intended to be\\nhorror-like.\\n\\nLate at night, light a candle in a dark room and place it on the floor, and\\nunplug any and all electronic devices. I find it works best if outside lights\\n(including the moon and stars) are blocked by curtains or something similar.\\nHave someone (the subject, or victim, if you will, lay down with their arms\\ncrossed over their chest with the candle between their feet. Arrange five\\nkneeling people around the subject. Done correctly, two people will be at the\\nsubject’s knees, one on each side, two more at the subject’s shoulders, and\\none at his or her head. Have the five people place their index and middle\\nfingers of both hands under the subject, with their palms facing up.\\n\\nNow everyone, including the subject, closes their eyes. The person kneeling at\\nthe subject’s head then says, “Light as a feather, stiff as a board.” Going\\nclockwise (to the left), each person repeats the phrase and it goes around the\\ncircle until everyone (not including the subject) has said it three times. It\\nis very important to enunciate clearly, otherwise it won’t work. If anyone is\\nskipped at any time or hesitates to say it, it won’t work either. Once the\\nchant has passed around the circle three times, the person kneeling at the\\nhead of the subject says, “One, two, three.” On “three,” each of the five\\nkneeling people flick their fingers upward, being careful not to move.\\n\\nIf this works, the subject will slowly float up off the ground. They will\\ncontinue to rise until someone opens their eyes, moves, or speaks, or until\\nthe person gets above the flame of the candle at their feet. When that\\nhappens, they will immediately fall back to the floor, so either be prepared\\nto catch them or don’t let them get too high. They go up at a rate of about\\ntwo or three inches per second, so keep this in mind when performing this\\ntrick.\\n\\nI’ve been told this also works in a pitch black room, but I have not tried it\\nmyself. Another version I’ve heard requires this to be done outside in the\\nlight of the moon (most likely a full one), but this is difficult unless you\\nlive in an area where there aren’t any other sources of light. The rules are\\nthe same except for the one about the subject rising above the candle. More\\nthan just the six people required for the stunt can be in the room, but they\\nmust be kneeling and closing their eyes, and they can’t move or speak or the\\ntrick won’t work.\\n\\nEnjoy freaking your friends out!\\n\\nRachel Rise from Lake Oswego, Oregon\\n\\n### Share this:\\n\\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\\n\\n### Like this:\\n\\nLike Loading...\\n\\nPosted in Rituals and Games\\n\\n#### Related Posts\\n\\n## The Amish Ghost Bridge of Pinecraft, Florida\\n\\nJune 3, 2020\\n\\n## President Trump wants to drain the swamp...\\n\\nJune 3, 2020\\n\\n## Covid ICU Nurse in NYC\\n\\nJune 3, 2020\\n\\n## The Four Thieves\\n\\nMarch 5, 2020\\n\\n#### Recent Superstitions Posts: SuperstitionsOnline.com\\n\\n#### Water Witching\\n\\nFolks in Appalachia often practiced a hybrid form of Christianity which\\nmarries traditional Biblical teaching with practices and customs that some\\nwould see more closely aligned with mysticism and the occult. The results\\nhave...\\n\\n#### Willow Trees and Pussy Willows\\n\\nLegends and magic are associated with willow trees. They symbolise renewal,\\ngrowth, vitality and immortality in China. The weeping willow is a common sign\\nof mourning. “In Louisiana, when a willow grew large enough...\\n\\n#### The Christmas Pickle\\n\\nAccording to German tradition, The tradition of Weihnachtsgurke, or the\\nChristmas Pickle, was the last ornament placed on the tree. On Christmas\\nmorning, the first child to find the gherkin was rewarded with an...\\n\\n#### Top Posts & Pages\\n\\n#### Urban Legend Categories\\n\\n * Bridges and Tracks\\n * Bugs and Snakes\\n * Cars\\n * Celebrities\\n * Children\\n * Emails\\n * Facebook & Twitter\\n * Featured\\n * Food\\n * Ghost Stories\\n * Government and Military\\n * Holidays\\n * Hollywood\\n * Home Invasion\\n * Horrible Accidents\\n * Love and Marraige\\n * Mad Men\\n * Medical\\n * Mirrors\\n * Pets\\n * Pictures and Video\\n * Regional and Cultural\\n * Rituals and Games\\n * Scams and Cons\\n * School\\n * Unbelievable Stories\\n * Uncategorized\\n * UrbanLegendsOnline\\n * Warnings\\n * Web and Tech\\n\\n#### Follow Us!\\n\\n#### Visit Our Partner Sites\\n\\n#### Subscribe to Legends via Email\\n\\nweb site by onyourmarkdesigns.com\\n\\n%d bloggers like this:\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816223319/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"10 November 2016\\nThe heaviest weight lifted with little fingers is 88.96 kg (196 lb 1.9 oz) and was achieved by Ross McCurdy (USA) in Silverdale, Washington, USA, on 10 November 2016.\",\n \"All records listed on our website are current and up-to-date. For a full list of record titles, please use our Record Application Search. (You will be need to register / login for access)\",\n \"We use cookies on this website. By using this site, you agree that we may store and access cookies on your device.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers | Guinness World Records\\n\\nen\\n\\n * Main site\\n * Teachers\\n * Kids\\n\\n * English\\n * Deutsche\\n * عربي\\n * Português\\n * Español\\n * 日本語\\n * 中文\\n\\n * My Account\\n * Sign Out\\n\\n# Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers\\n\\n#### Share\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Google+\\n * Email\\n * Whatsapp\\n * LinkedIn\\n * Pinterest\\n * Reddit\\n\\nApply Now\\n\\nWho\\n\\n Ross McCurdy\\n\\nWhat\\n\\n 88.96 kilogram(s)\\n\\nWhere\\n\\n United States (Silverdale)\\n\\nWhen\\n\\n 10 November 2016\\n\\nThe heaviest weight lifted with little fingers is 88.96 kg (196 lb 1.9 oz) and\\nwas achieved by Ross McCurdy (USA) in Silverdale, Washington, USA, on 10\\nNovember 2016.\\n\\nRoss McCurdy is an avid deadlifter and holds several other Guinness World\\nRecord Titles.\\n\\nAll records listed on our website are current and up-to-date. For a full list\\nof record titles, please use our Record Application Search. (You will be need\\nto register / login for access)\\n\\nComments below may relate to previous holders of this record.\\n\\n### Related Records\\n\\n#### Heaviest weighted hip thrust\\n\\n#### Most people deadlifted\\n\\n#### Heaviest vehicle pulled (upper body)\\n\\n#### Most push ups in one minute carrying a 100 lb pack (male)\\n\\n#### Heaviest vehicle pulled over 100 ft by a pair (male)\\n\\n#### Most iron bars bent with the head in one minute\\n\\n##### Guinness World Records\\n\\n * Guinness World Records 2018 Edition\\n * 2018 Gamer's Edition\\n * 2018 Amazing Animals\\n * Guinness World Records Kids\\n * GWR Store\\n * Press Centre\\n\\n##### Resources\\n\\n * FAQs\\n * Contact us\\n * Business Solutions\\n * Campaign solutions for business\\n * Television Programmes\\n * Educators\\n * GWR Tax Strategy\\n\\n##### Using the Site\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms & Conditions\\n * Cookie Policy\\n\\n##### More Guinness World Records\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * YouTube\\n * Google\\n * Instagram\\n * LinkedIn\\n * Snapchat\\n * Pinterest\\n\\n * English\\n * Deutsche\\n * عربي\\n * Português\\n * Español\\n * 日本語\\n * 中文\\n\\n© Guinness World Records Limited 2018. All rights reserved.\\n\\nRegistered in England No: 541295\\n\\nRegistered Office: South Quay Building, 189 Marsh Wall, London E14 9SH United\\nKingdom\\n\\n#### We use cookies on this website\\n\\nWe use cookies on this website. By using this site, you agree that we may\\nstore and access cookies on your device.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210818054157/https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Monday 31 July 1665 (The Diary of Samuel Pepys)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Up, and very betimes by six o’clock at Deptford, and there find Sir G. Carteret, and my Lady ready to go: I being in my new coloured silk suit, and coat trimmed with gold buttons and gold broad lace round my hands, very rich and fine. By water to the Ferry, where, when we come, no coach there; and tide of ebb so far spent as the horse-boat could not get off on the other side the river to bring away the coach. So we were fain to stay there in the unlucky Isle of Doggs, in a chill place, the morning cool, and wind fresh, above two if not three hours to our great discontent. Yet being upon a pleasant errand, and seeing that it could not be helped, we did bear it very patiently; and it was worth my observing, I thought, as ever any thing, to see how upon these two scores, Sir G. Carteret, the most passionate man in the world, and that was in greatest haste to be gone, did bear with it, and very pleasant all the while, at least not troubled much so as to fret and storm at it.\",\n \"Anon the coach comes: in the mean time there coming a News thither with his horse to go over, that told us he did come from Islington this morning; and that Proctor the vintner of the Miter in Wood-street, and his son, are dead this morning there, of the plague; he having laid out abundance of money there, and was the greatest vintner for some time in London for great entertainments.\",\n \"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that when we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone from home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which troubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there being three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me; but yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual. All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had saluted her or no. So to dinner, and very merry we were; but yet in such a sober way as never almost any wedding was in so great families: but it was much better. After dinner company divided, some to cards, others to talk. My Lady Sandwich and I up to settle accounts, and pay her some money. And mighty kind she is to me, and would fain have had me gone down for company with her to Hinchingbroke; but for my life I cannot.\",\n \"At night to supper, and so to talk; and which, methought, was the most extraordinary thing, all of us to prayers as usual, and the young bride and bridegroom too and so after prayers, soberly to bed; only I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that could be, and so good night.\",\n \"But the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.\",\n \"Whereas I feared I must have sat up all night, we did here all get good beds, and I lay in the same I did before with Mr. Brisband, who is a good scholler and sober man; and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep. My eyes much troubled already with the change of my drink.\",\n \"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life, because I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and honour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of money; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all sides.\",\n \"This evening with Mr. Brisband, speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling him some of my charms; he told me this of his owne knowledge, at Bourdeaux, in France. The words these:\",\n \"Voyci un Corps mort, Royde come un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger come un esprit, Levons to au nom de Jesus Christ.\",\n \"This is one of the strangest things I ever heard, but he tells it me of his owne knowledge, and I do heartily believe it to be true. I enquired of him whether they were Protestant or Catholique girles; and he told me they were Protestant, which made it the more strange to me.\",\n \"Thus we end this month, as I said, after the greatest glut of content that ever I had; only under some difficulty because of the plague, which grows mightily upon us, the last week being about 1700 or 1800 of the plague.\",\n \"My Lord Sandwich at sea with a fleet of about 100 sail, to the Northward, expecting De Ruyter, or the Dutch East India fleet.\",\n \"Myself having obliged both these families in this business very much; as both my Lady, and Sir G. Carteret and his Lady do confess exceedingly, and the latter do also now call me cozen, which I am glad of.\",\n \"*** \\\"Voyci un Corps mort, Roy comme un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger comme un esprit, Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ.\\\"\",\n \"Behold, a dead body, Still as a stone, Cold as marble, Light as a spirit, We lift you in the name of Jesus Christ.\",\n \"\\\". . .putting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the ground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four fingers raise this boy as high as they could reach...\\\" I saw the exact thing done (without the incantation--I forget the exact method of \\\"inducing\\\" the lightness)when a child. It was for a week or so a very popular trick in the schoolyard around 1960, until we moved on to other mysteries. I had not thought of it since until reading this. I had no idea it was such an old trick.\",\n \"Hello, I am de-lurking out of sheer astonishment. I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance. Our debased version of the incantation was \\\"light as a feather and stiff as a board.\\\" I think that if the \\\"corpse\\\" remains stiff then the weight distributed among eight points might not be too difficult to lift. Under conditions of low light and emotional intensity. I wonder what \\\"charms\\\" Pepys knew?\",\n \"\\\"I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance\\\"\",\n \"I played the same game too. And speaking of sleepover games.....I can't wait to see Sam's entry when he finds himself sitting at the table with Elizabeth and the maids asking his Ouiji Board \\\"will Harman marry Pall?\\\" and getting an answer that says, \\\"not likely\\\". Then he'll pull out his Magic 8 Ball and ask if Balty will ever find a job of his own, he'll give it a shake and it will say \\\"NO WAY!\\\"\",\n \"Pepys, the dramatist, is at his best today. The nuptial bed scene, with Sam first having some ribald exchanges with the groom and then kissing the bride in bed before drawing the curtains and tiptoeing out, is fabulous, and should find its way into a movie. And yet, \\\"the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall\\\" — he recognizes there's something sublime about the whole affair.\",\n \"1. Prescribed by, in conformity with, or having reference to ecclesiastical edict or canon law. 1570-6 b. canonical hours: (a) stated times of the day appointed by the canons for prayer and devotion; (b) the hours (now from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.) within which marriage can be legally performed in a parish church in England; (c) transf. 1665 PEPYS Diary (1879) III. 207 We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring\",\n \"d. canonical obedience: the obedience to be rendered by inferior clergy to the bishop or other ecclesiastical superior, according to the canons. 1621\",\n \"\\\"Though Bess got no invitation through the mails. Sam's presence is requested this day, It's formal, a silk suit, gold buttons and lace. No plague now could take the joy out of his face. Because he's invited to step out this day With silk suit, gold buttons, and lace.\",\n \"Yes, Sam's...Puttin' on his silk suit...Polishin' up his gold buttons, brushin' up his lace. He's...Duding up his waist bands, Puttin' on the periwig, Polishin' up those nails, Your Sam's steppin' out, dear Bess, To breathe an atmosphere That simply reeks with class; And he trusts that you'll excuse his dust As that six horse carriage goes past, For he'll be there, Breathin' on his gold buttons, Mussin' up the new suit, Dancin' in his lace.\\\"\",\n \"Wonder if his line with Bess is the ole... \\\"What falderal, all this extra work keeping me from you.\\\" Sigh. \\\"But you know Carteret is one of my bosses and I have to keep the bosses happy. You know how much I loathe all this nonsensical hobnobbing with the wealthy and powerful.\\\"\",\n \"My own diary entry for today took just six words - am I more efficient than him? (Since you really, really want to know it was: \\\"V&A live. London Zoo\\\")\",\n \"Seriously, how long would it have taken him to have written this entry by candlelight at midnight in shorthand at the end of a long and busy day. And it seems to me that his diary entries are tending to get ever longer.\",\n \"\\\"All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had saluted her or no.\\\"\",\n \"\\\"and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep\\\"\",\n \"Well said Sam, what better things can you hear from a foreign visitor (in this case a Scot) but stories about his home,\",\n \"I think, Glyn, in this context \\\"the salute\\\" though physically a kiss to formally greet the new bride, is quite important. Lady Sandwich was offering Sam firm proof that he is now a fully accepted member of the family-no longer a servant, a true cousin. Sam, wisely deferrential, hung back until such a proof was made. His noting that the Carterets' now consider him a \\\"cozen\\\" is a part of that rise to full family member.\",\n \"All the effort he's put in here and over the years has finally paid off. He has arrived, at last. How sweet that the seal should come from his dear Lady Jemina. And what a sad thing that he never thought to try and have Bess included to see him in his long-awaited triumph.\",\n \"How many married visitors to the Diary, as chronicled in Phil's beautifully charted \\\"Site statistics,\\\" would you imagine were accompanied to their [italicized] nuptial beds in this fashion?\",\n \"\\\"I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that could be, and so good night.\\\"\",\n \"Has conferred with \\\"Mr Attorney Montagu\\\" at Faxton, who lodged there on his journey to Sir John Aubrey in Wales, whither he has resolved to proceed because he can come thence \\\"to the meeting at Salisbury...\\\" more safely, considering that the roads remote from London are more free from the Plague, than others nearer.\\\" Enters at great length, into particulars of dowry, jointure, and settlements, in relation to a proposed marriage of Lord Hinchinbroke [Lord Hinchinbroke, afterwards Second Earl of Sandwich, married Anne Boyle, daughter of Richard, Earl of Burlington. In this letter the lady's name is not mentioned.] (about which, as it seems, the meeting at Salisbury \\\"was to be held\\\"), and enumerates certain points as to which \\\"Mr Attorney\\\" desires his Lordship's instructions. ...\",\n \"CGS gives us 8-3, but would they have chosen times when both hands of the clock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\",\n \"I don't believe this reading; it's lousy French. Surely it would have been \\\"Levons-le\\\" -- \\\"Let us lift him.\\\" (The letter l is easily confused with t.)\",\n \"How lovely that Sam can appreciate the 'solemn' wedding. \\\"But the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.\\\" Perhaps witnessing a couple who take marriage vows seriously ??? or the difference in an upper class 'event'???\",\n \"I am sure that in his days Sam has attended many different types of weddings, including perhaps some on the bawdy side of the tracks. His comments today are intriguing to me.\",\n \"Also, of note --has anyone caught his overall comments about the \\\"Ladies\\\" --Lady Sandwich and Lady Carteret are perhaps 2 of the few women that Sam continuously writes of as gracious, kind and overall just plain classy.\",\n \"Re: Roy/Royde. Wheatley looks more accurate than L&M in one respect: raide (royde) means stiff, roi (roy) means king. Baston is odd too. Old spelling of bâton = stick/wand not stone (pierre). Royde come un Baston = Raide comme un bâton = Stiff as a stick? Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text? If the latter, then t and l could be confused, as LH suggests, but why would he use clear French to describe his peccadillos, which his French speaking wife could easily read? Puzzling.\",\n \"SP proposed the idea of this marriage to Carteret on June 24th.; financial and other arrangements concluded by June 28th.; the couple meet first on July 15th., \\\"but nothing to the lady from him at all. To supper, and after supper to talk again, he yet taking no notice of the lady. My Lord would have had me have consented to leaving the young people together to-night, to begin their amours, his staying being but to be little. But I advised against it, lest the lady might be too much surprised. So they led him up to his chamber, where I staid a little, to know how he liked the lady, which he told me he did mightily; but, Lord! in the dullest insipid manner that ever lover did.\\\" ( http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/15/ ); part on the 17th.; meet again on the 24th.; are 'well acquainted' by the 28th., and married today, the 31st.\",\n \"I realize that the families know of each other, and that this is no modern 'love match,' (and that marriages 'of state' could take place by proxy without the parties even setting eyes on each other) but by way of comparison the time taken for the couple to get to know each other over the course of fifteen days, seems less than that required by SP in the diary period for sufficient familiarity to develop between two men for them to agree to dine at each other's houses.\",\n \"Here in Co. Cork Ireland the expression \\\"to salute\\\" a person is still used meaning to greet by a lifting of the hand in a quick flick ---less than a wave more than gesture. Its usually an acknowledgement of a stranger or an aquaintance and is mostly done in country areas or villages now. A person will comment on someone ignoring them by saying \\\"he didnt even salute me\\\" .It is also often done between drivers passing each other on a country road\",\n \"\\\"The passages are all written in shorthand: and to obscure the meaning still further, many words are complicated by inserting between syllables the shorthand symbols for 'l, r, m, or n. ... they appear in this text with with older French spellings, or with Spanish forms that are now non standard ...\\\" L&M vol. i, Introduction, p. lxi.\",\n \"[a. F. salut masc., of twofold origin: (1) = Sp. saludo, It. saluto, vbl. n. f. Common Rom. (L.) sal{umac}t{amac}re to SALUTE; (2) originally fem., = Sp. salud, Pg. saude, It. salute:{em}L. sal{umac}t-em (nom. sal{umac}s) health, safety, salvation.]\",\n \"1. An utterance, gesture, or action of any kind by which one person salutes another; a salutation. Now chiefly used with reference to other than verbal modes of saluting: cf. the following senses. a1400-50\",\n \"2. A kiss, by way of salutation. (Cf. SALUTE v. 2e.) 1590 GREENE Never too late (1600) 93 To her hee goes, and after his wonted salute sat downe by her.\",\n \"3. Mil. and Naut. a. A discharge of cannon or small arms, display of flags, a dipping of sails, a cheering of men, manning the yards, etc., as a mark of respect, or as military, naval, or official honour, for a person, nation, event, etc. A salute is said to be of as many guns as there are volleys fired.\",\n \"Good question! I wonder whether he was acquainted with the LEMEGETON, CLAVICULA SALOMONIS, or THE LESSER KEY OF SOLOMON, Detailing the ceremonial art of commanding spirits both good and evil (1641?) http://www.esotericarchives.com/solomon/lemegeton...\",\n \"First, welcome Ghalle—and enjoy the catching-up!. Second, i am French and i testify to the exactitude of \\\"royde comme un baston\\\", it is still widely used today in its modernised form \\\"raide comme un bâton\\\" (the circomflex accent is a remnant of the letter \\\"s\\\", as in hôpital, rôti, maître, a.s.o.). Finally, some light on the levitation trick (Pepys is even quoted!) at http://www.wikihow.com/Play-Light-as-a-Feather And what a great entry!\",\n \"Plymouth, July 25: The Elizabeth has caught six Dutch ships in the channel. Middlesex and City and Liberties of Westminster, July 25: Charitable donations to the sufferers in London should be given to four churchwardens listed in order to ensure they end up being applied correctly. Cadiz, July 6: The Dutch are trying to stir up the Moors agains the English at Tangier, but it's not working; the mole raised at Tangier will frustrate Dutch incursions; description of the mole and its fortress. Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the King's army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals. London, July 28: The Dutch have supposedly devised two councils of war \\\"to sit abord the Fleet\\\" but in fact \\\"the Dominus fac Totum is De Wit, the rest serving onely to countenance the design;\\\" the Fleet officers are offended by all this; the fleet lies in the Texel, but does not have enough ships to put out; De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway The Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate. Numbers from the latest plague bill. Vienna, July 18: Turkish ambassador thinks he is not getting enough respect; Ambassador from Munster complaining of the injuries he has received from the Netherlands; expecting news of a big battle in Poland Legorn, July 18: Sir John Einth, the British resident in Tuscany, is making a good impression; ; description of his reception by the Grand Duke of Tuscany; the Dutch in Legorn celebrated when they heard a rumor that the Dutch fleet was victorious, but when more accurate news arrived that they had been defeated they disappeared and the English were celebrating publicly. Flushing, Aug 4 [presumably Gregorian calendar]: Holland has usurped on the privileges of this province by enlisting men for the navy; alarms of dangers out of Germany; \\\"This state is dryed up, and the Merchant, languishing for want of Trade\\\" Ostend, August 5: The states of Holland are in such bad shape that it's hard to see how they can continue the war \\\"considering the general defection, misery; and complaint of the People, which resort hither of late in great numbers, and we find them better informed in the true state as the difference then stands with the convenience of their Governors.\\\" Antwerp, August 4: The Dutch fleet will sail out when they can, but \\\"wise men are of opinion they will not venture to sea yet this fortnight;\\\" the naval commanders look on De Witt \\\"as a kind of Amphibion,\\\" Final article: JPs of County Surrey have direted the closure of the wells and other plague measures\",\n \"New ads: lost dog, lost watch, Robert Theaker's new book 'A Light to the Longitude: Or the use of an Instrument called the Seamans Director, speedily resolving all Astronomical Cases and Questions concerning the Sung, Moon...\\\"\",\n \"De Ruyter had reached the Norwegian coast and sailed towards Jutland after cleaning his ships in case he met with the enemy.\",\n \"Sandwich was hovering about Dogger Bank, and thinking of attacking De Ruyter if he took refuge in the neutral port of Bergen. He also hoped to take rich cargo of the returning East India fleet and had obtained permission from the Danes upon promise of giving them half the booty. When he heard that De Ruyter had been seen near Bergan on the 10/20th July he made for it with his whole fleet; but De Ruyter had just escaped to the south.\",\n \"De Ruyter decided to try to reach the Ems past Heligoland, and if this was possible to take refuge in the Elbe or the Weser. On 23rdJuly/2nd August he met a few English ships but Sandwich was on the coast of Norway and so he was able to make straight for Holland. In his Journal he put this down to the direct assistance of God, and he reached western Ems on the same day. The buoys and beacons had been removed to prevent English attack.\",\n \"On the 28th July/6th August at 3 o’clock the fleet towing its prizes adorned with their English flags in sign of triumph, anchored in the roads of Delfzijl. The news spread like wildfire throughout the whole Republic.\",\n \"No Admiral had ever been given such a reception and Lowestoft was forgotten. Everyone believed that their hero would save the country from danger.\",\n \"One of the prizes he had taken contained a quantity of sugar and tobacco as well as 1600lbs of elephant trunks, 682 marcs of gold to the value of nearly £20,000 and a number of other goods.\",\n \"The Chinese impression of the Dutch in the 17th Century was naturally influenced by the piratical attacks of the Netherlands against the Fukienese junks trading with Manila, and by forcibly kidnapping of the Chinese to help populate Batavia after Coen’s capture of Jakarta.\",\n \"I think this guy actually is a pirate, though. The Ming dynasty had trouble controlling their huge empire, and Chinese pirates fluorished through the 17th century.\",\n \"\\\"Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the King’s army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals.\\\"\",\n \"Brief summary of events in Eastern Europe: Ukraine had long been restive under the rule of Poland (or, to be precise, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which up to this point had been a major power); in 1654 the Ukrainian Cossack leader Bogdan Khmelnitsky, encouraged by Tsar Alexei, had declared independence, starting a long war between Poland (aided by the Turks) and Russia. Things had been going badly for the Russians on the battlefield since 1660, but the Polish King John Casimir (Polish: Jan Kazimierz Waza) was faced with a revolt of the nobility led by Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, who will defeat the king's forces in August near Częstochowa (before being forced into exile in 1668). At the moment drawn-out peace negotiations are being carried on between Russia and Poland that will culminate in January 1667 in the Truce of Andrusovo, which gives Left Bank Ukraine (the eastern part) to Russia and Right Bank Ukraine to Poland. The disruption caused in Russia by the war, increasingly onerous taxation, and oppression of the peasants (who fled in massive numbers to the relative freedom of Ukrainian Cossack life) will lead in a few years to Stepan (Stenka) Razin's rebellion. Poland will continue to suffer war and rebellions and in the next century will be divided up between Russia, Prussia, and Austria.\",\n \"here be all them's that believe ye shall NOT steal? freedom of the seas then dominion over all that crawl....\",\n \"Reading the account of the girls levitating the boy took me back [**] years to when I was 10 and doing this by candlelight in a friend's cellar. Quite scary. And I too had no idea this was so old. We used to chant in a voice just above a whisper:(repeating round the group) \\\"she looks pale, she is pale, she looks cold, she is cold, she looks dead, she is dead, raise her\\\"\",\n \"Weddings used to be rowdy affairs in medieval times and it was Puritan influences beginning in the 16th century which sobered things up. Sam was expecting a lot of boisterous play with garters and ribbons and so on, but no such luck. He did get to kiss (salute) the bride and then get another kiss in once she had been put to bed. And him in his red suit AND gold buttons AND gold lace. (and also no Bess.....)\",\n \"You had to be married before 2.30. There's a whole plot line developed around this in Hardy's Far From the Madding Crowd.\",\n \"JWB - cannonical hours - \\\"would they have chosen times when both hands of the clock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\\\"\",\n \"for the simple reason that it was only in the mid 17th c. that clocks were fitted with a second (minutes) hand...\",\n \"May I add, to the general admiration of this entry for its lively detail about the wedding day, my appreciation of Sam's writing on to give (as he often did) his monthly/quarterly summary of the affairs of his life and community. The change in focus from the minute to the overview is particularly effective here.\",\n \"\\\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\\\"\",\n \"\\\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\\\"\",\n \"A single trusted messenger (Carteret's Hewer) could cross the Thames by galley to an inn on the south side where a horse could be hired.\",\n \"\\\"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life, because I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and honour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of money; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all sides.\\\"\",\n \"States the happy circumstances attendant on the marriage of Lady Jemima Montagu with Mr Carteret as being \\\"the only occurrence ... I ever met with, begun, proceeded on and finished with the same uninterrupted excess of satisfaction to all parties\\\". Reports his having sent a ship of 36 guns, to fetch Lord Hinchinbrooke from Calais, who proceeded to join the bridal party at Scots Hall. Adds his advice to Lord Sandwich \\\"to quicken the settlement of the money matters on both sides\\\". Mentions that \\\"the Plague is now, more or less, got into most corners of the Kingdom\\\". ...\",\n \"\\\"the cook of the house, a very lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is very big, and they did raise him in just the same manner. \\\"\",\n \"For accounts (at second hand) of similar experiments, see Letters on natural magic by Brewster, David, Sir; Smith, James Alexander, pub. 1883, pp. 255-7 https://archive.org/details/lettersonnatural00bre... It is said to be essential that all the people concerned shall breathe in simultaneously, and hold their breath. (Per L&M note)\",\n \"On Tuesday 24 January, 1659/60, Samuel and Elizabeth attend the wedding of Capt. Tom Lucy ... which was more ribald than today, and he didn't enjoy it.\",\n \"We played the 'raising the body' game too, after lights out at our boarding school. Words very similar to Australian Susan's. I was sure at the time we did raise the body, although now I can't believe we did.\",\n \". But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths\",\n \"Why in their old cloaths? Was the Sandwich party bringing silks and gold buttons for the bride and the groom?\",\n \"\\\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that when we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone from home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which troubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there being three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me; but yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual. \\\"\",\n \"The story to me is that they were running late, so reluctantly sent a rider ahead with the license and ring because the service had to be completed by a set time. They followed in the coach at full gallop, stopped at Dagenhams, but everyone had already left. So they headed towards the church, and met everyone coming away from the service. Pepys missed it! Grandpa Lord Crew gave away Mrs. Jem (since Sandwich is at sea). There were three other coach-loads of witnesses. People were dressed in their usual clothes ... which wasn't uncommon in those days. You wore your best dress to your wedding. And these folk's usual \\\"old\\\" clothes would be pretty fancy.\",\n \"Perhaps if it had been held during peace-time, at Court, with Charles and Catherine in attendance, there would have been more of a dressy do. But knowing they could all be dead soon, they moved up the wedding by 3 days, and happily just got on with it. Ask anyone who remembers WWII -- that's how it was then, too.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Monday 31 July 1665 (The Diary of Samuel Pepys)\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n# The Diary of Samuel Pepys\\n\\nDaily entries from the 17th century London diary\\n\\n# Monday 31 July 1665\\n\\nUp, and very betimes by six o’clock at Deptford, and there find Sir G.\\nCarteret, and my Lady ready to go: I being in my new coloured silk suit, and\\ncoat trimmed with gold buttons and gold broad lace round my hands, very rich\\nand fine. By water to the Ferry, where, when we come, no coach there; and tide\\nof ebb so far spent as the horse-boat could not get off on the other side the\\nriver to bring away the coach. So we were fain to stay there in the unlucky\\nIsle of Doggs, in a chill place, the morning cool, and wind fresh, above two\\nif not three hours to our great discontent. Yet being upon a pleasant errand,\\nand seeing that it could not be helped, we did bear it very patiently; and it\\nwas worth my observing, I thought, as ever any thing, to see how upon these\\ntwo scores, Sir G. Carteret, the most passionate man in the world, and that\\nwas in greatest haste to be gone, did bear with it, and very pleasant all the\\nwhile, at least not troubled much so as to fret and storm at it.\\n\\nAnon the coach comes: in the mean time there coming a News thither with his\\nhorse to go over, that told us he did come from Islington this morning; and\\nthat Proctor the vintner of the Miter in Wood-street, and his son, are dead\\nthis morning there, of the plague; he having laid out abundance of money\\nthere, and was the greatest vintner for some time in London for great\\nentertainments.\\n\\nWe, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that\\nwhen we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone\\nfrom home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which\\ntroubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well\\ndone: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there\\nbeing three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me;\\nbut yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual.\\nAll saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had\\nsaluted her or no. So to dinner, and very merry we were; but yet in such a\\nsober way as never almost any wedding was in so great families: but it was\\nmuch better. After dinner company divided, some to cards, others to talk. My\\nLady Sandwich and I up to settle accounts, and pay her some money. And mighty\\nkind she is to me, and would fain have had me gone down for company with her\\nto Hinchingbroke; but for my life I cannot.\\n\\nAt night to supper, and so to talk; and which, methought, was the most\\nextraordinary thing, all of us to prayers as usual, and the young bride and\\nbridegroom too and so after prayers, soberly to bed; only I got into the\\nbridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry,\\ntill he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed\\nthe bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that\\ncould be, and so good night.\\n\\nBut the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me\\nindeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry\\nand joviall.\\n\\nWhereas I feared I must have sat up all night, we did here all get good beds,\\nand I lay in the same I did before with Mr. Brisband, who is a good scholler\\nand sober man; and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home,\\nwhich is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to\\nsleep. My eyes much troubled already with the change of my drink.\\n\\nThus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life,\\nbecause I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and\\nhonour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of\\nmoney; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all\\nsides.\\n\\nThis evening with Mr. Brisband, speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling\\nhim some of my charms; he told me this of his owne knowledge, at Bourdeaux, in\\nFrance. The words these:\\n\\n> Voyci un Corps mort, Royde come un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger come un\\n> esprit, Levons to au nom de Jesus Christ.\\n\\nHe saw four little girles, very young ones, all kneeling, each of them, upon\\none knee; and one begun the first line, whispering in the eare of the next,\\nand the second to the third, and the third to the fourth, and she to the\\nfirst. Then the first begun the second line, and so round quite through, and,\\nputting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the\\nground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four\\nfingers raise this boy as high as they could reach, and he [Mr. Brisband]\\nbeing there, and wondering at it, as also being afeard to see it, for they\\nwould have had him to have bore a part in saying the words, in the roome of\\none of the little girles that was so young that they could hardly make her\\nlearn to repeat the words, did, for feare there might be some sleight used in\\nit by the boy, or that the boy might be light, call the cook of the house, a\\nvery lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is very big, and they did\\nraise him in just the same manner.\\n\\nThis is one of the strangest things I ever heard, but he tells it me of his\\nowne knowledge, and I do heartily believe it to be true. I enquired of him\\nwhether they were Protestant or Catholique girles; and he told me they were\\nProtestant, which made it the more strange to me.\\n\\nThus we end this month, as I said, after the greatest glut of content that\\never I had; only under some difficulty because of the plague, which grows\\nmightily upon us, the last week being about 1700 or 1800 of the plague.\\n\\nMy Lord Sandwich at sea with a fleet of about 100 sail, to the Northward,\\nexpecting De Ruyter, or the Dutch East India fleet.\\n\\nMy Lord Hinchingbroke coming over from France, and will meet his sister at\\nScott’s-hall.\\n\\nMyself having obliged both these families in this business very much; as both\\nmy Lady, and Sir G. Carteret and his Lady do confess exceedingly, and the\\nlatter do also now call me cozen, which I am glad of.\\n\\nSo God preserve us all friends long, and continue health among us.\\n\\n# 51 Annotations\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\"there coming a citizen thither with his horse to go over\\\" transcribe L&M.\\n\\n*** \\\"Voyci un Corps mort, Roy comme un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger comme\\nun esprit, Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ.\\\"\\n\\nBehold, a dead body, Still as a stone, Cold as marble, Light as a spirit, We\\nlift you in the name of Jesus Christ.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## deepfatfriar on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\". . .putting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the\\nground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four\\nfingers raise this boy as high as they could reach...\\\" I saw the exact thing\\ndone (without the incantation--I forget the exact method of \\\"inducing\\\" the\\nlightness)when a child. It was for a week or so a very popular trick in the\\nschoolyard around 1960, until we moved on to other mysteries. I had not\\nthought of it since until reading this. I had no idea it was such an old\\ntrick.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## JKM on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\\n\\nHello, I am de-lurking out of sheer astonishment. I had no idea something I\\nonce did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance.\\nOur debased version of the incantation was \\\"light as a feather and stiff as a\\nboard.\\\" I think that if the \\\"corpse\\\" remains stiff then the weight distributed\\namong eight points might not be too difficult to lift. Under conditions of low\\nlight and emotional intensity. I wonder what \\\"charms\\\" Pepys knew?\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## jeannine on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\"I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated\\nback to the Renaissance\\\"\\n\\nI played the same game too. And speaking of sleepover games.....I can't wait\\nto see Sam's entry when he finds himself sitting at the table with Elizabeth\\nand the maids asking his Ouiji Board \\\"will Harman marry Pall?\\\" and getting an\\nanswer that says, \\\"not likely\\\". Then he'll pull out his Magic 8 Ball and ask\\nif Balty will ever find a job of his own, he'll give it a shake and it will\\nsay \\\"NO WAY!\\\"\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Martin on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nPepys, the dramatist, is at his best today. The nuptial bed scene, with Sam\\nfirst having some ribald exchanges with the groom and then kissing the bride\\nin bed before drawing the curtains and tiptoeing out, is fabulous, and should\\nfind its way into a movie. And yet, \\\"the modesty and gravity of this business\\nwas so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it\\nhad been twenty times more merry and joviall\\\" — he recognizes there's\\nsomething sublime about the whole affair.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n[be] witching hour for lawfull wedded bliss.\\n\\ncanonicall\\n\\n1\\\\. Prescribed by, in conformity with, or having reference to ecclesiastical\\nedict or canon law. 1570-6 b. canonical hours: (a) stated times of the day\\nappointed by the canons for prayer and devotion; (b) the hours (now from 8\\na.m. to 3 p.m.) within which marriage can be legally performed in a parish\\nchurch in England; (c) transf. 1665 PEPYS Diary (1879) III. 207 We, fearing\\nthe canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal\\nof unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring\\n\\nc. canonical dress, etc.; the articles of dress worn by clergy according to\\ncanon. 1666 PEPYS Diary 27 Sept.,\\n\\nd. canonical obedience: the obedience to be rendered by inferior clergy to the\\nbishop or other ecclesiastical superior, according to the canons. 1621\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Maurie Beck on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nI too played that game as a wee child. I even played it at the Renaissance\\nPleasure Faire.\\n\\nIt's quite amazing how Sam carries on amidst the plague.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Robert Gertz on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nPoor Bess. As I suspected, no invite. While meanwhile...\\n\\n\\\"Though Bess got no invitation through the mails. Sam's presence is requested\\nthis day, It's formal, a silk suit, gold buttons and lace. No plague now could\\ntake the joy out of his face. Because he's invited to step out this day With\\nsilk suit, gold buttons, and lace.\\n\\nYes, Sam's...Puttin' on his silk suit...Polishin' up his gold buttons,\\nbrushin' up his lace. He's...Duding up his waist bands, Puttin' on the\\nperiwig, Polishin' up those nails, Your Sam's steppin' out, dear Bess, To\\nbreathe an atmosphere That simply reeks with class; And he trusts that you'll\\nexcuse his dust As that six horse carriage goes past, For he'll be there,\\nBreathin' on his gold buttons, Mussin' up the new suit, Dancin' in his lace.\\\"\\n\\nWonder if his line with Bess is the ole... \\\"What falderal, all this extra work\\nkeeping me from you.\\\" Sigh. \\\"But you know Carteret is one of my bosses and I\\nhave to keep the bosses happy. You know how much I loathe all this nonsensical\\nhobnobbing with the wealthy and powerful.\\\"\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Glyn on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nMy own diary entry for today took just six words - am I more efficient than\\nhim? (Since you really, really want to know it was: \\\"V&A live. London Zoo\\\")\\n\\nSeriously, how long would it have taken him to have written this entry by\\ncandlelight at midnight in shorthand at the end of a long and busy day. And it\\nseems to me that his diary entries are tending to get ever longer.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Glyn on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nAn important diary entry.\\n\\n\\\"All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had\\nsaluted her or no.\\\"\\n\\nWhat does salute mean in this context... kiss?\\n\\n\\\"and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the\\nmost delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep\\\"\\n\\nWell said Sam, what better things can you hear from a foreign visitor (in this\\ncase a Scot) but stories about his home,\\n\\nSorry, but I still don't understand how 4 girls can lift a sleeping boy. Can\\nsomeone please explain?\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Mary on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nthe modesty and gravity of the business...\\\"\\n\\nWell, the bride was looking \\\"mighty sad.\\\"\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Robert Gertz on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nI think, Glyn, in this context \\\"the salute\\\" though physically a kiss to\\nformally greet the new bride, is quite important. Lady Sandwich was offering\\nSam firm proof that he is now a fully accepted member of the family-no longer\\na servant, a true cousin. Sam, wisely deferrential, hung back until such a\\nproof was made. His noting that the Carterets' now consider him a \\\"cozen\\\" is a\\npart of that rise to full family member.\\n\\nAll the effort he's put in here and over the years has finally paid off. He\\nhas arrived, at last. How sweet that the seal should come from his dear Lady\\nJemina. And what a sad thing that he never thought to try and have Bess\\nincluded to see him in his long-awaited triumph.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Ghalle on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nI am new to this diary, about 5 weeks, this entry was absolutely wonderful. I\\nam hooked.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Bradford on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nHow many married visitors to the Diary, as chronicled in Phil's beautifully\\ncharted \\\"Site statistics,\\\" would you imagine were accompanied to their\\n[italicized] nuptial beds in this fashion?\\n\\n\\\"I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was\\nvery merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went.\\nI kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest\\ngravity that could be, and so good night.\\\"\\n\\n\\\\---asking out of purely disinterested sociological curiosity, mind.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## dirk on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nFrom the Carte Papers, Bodleian Library\\nhttp://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/projects/c...\\n\\nHenry Moore to Sandwich\\n\\nWritten from: Hinchingbroke Date: 31 July 1665\\n\\nHas conferred with \\\"Mr Attorney Montagu\\\" at Faxton, who lodged there on his\\njourney to Sir John Aubrey in Wales, whither he has resolved to proceed\\nbecause he can come thence \\\"to the meeting at Salisbury...\\\" more safely,\\nconsidering that the roads remote from London are more free from the Plague,\\nthan others nearer.\\\" Enters at great length, into particulars of dowry,\\njointure, and settlements, in relation to a proposed marriage of Lord\\nHinchinbroke [Lord Hinchinbroke, afterwards Second Earl of Sandwich, married\\nAnne Boyle, daughter of Richard, Earl of Burlington. In this letter the lady's\\nname is not mentioned.] (about which, as it seems, the meeting at Salisbury\\n\\\"was to be held\\\"), and enumerates certain points as to which \\\"Mr Attorney\\\"\\ndesires his Lordship's instructions. ...\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## JWB on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nCannonical hours\\n\\nCGS gives us 8-3, but would they have chosen times when both hands of the\\nclock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## language hat on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\"Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ. We lift you in the name of Jesus Christ.\\\"\\n\\nI don't believe this reading; it's lousy French. Surely it would have been\\n\\\"Levons-le\\\" -- \\\"Let us lift him.\\\" (The letter l is easily confused with t.)\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## jeannine on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nCulture differences ??\\n\\nHow lovely that Sam can appreciate the 'solemn' wedding. \\\"But the modesty and\\ngravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times\\nmore delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.\\\"\\nPerhaps witnessing a couple who take marriage vows seriously ??? or the\\ndifference in an upper class 'event'???\\n\\nI am sure that in his days Sam has attended many different types of weddings,\\nincluding perhaps some on the bawdy side of the tracks. His comments today are\\nintriguing to me.\\n\\nAlso, of note --has anyone caught his overall comments about the \\\"Ladies\\\"\\n--Lady Sandwich and Lady Carteret are perhaps 2 of the few women that Sam\\ncontinuously writes of as gracious, kind and overall just plain classy.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## A. De Araujo on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\"gravity of this business\\\" Maybe a relic from Catholic times;after all\\nCatholics still consider marriage to be a sacrament.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## GrahamT on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nRe: Roy/Royde. Wheatley looks more accurate than L&M in one respect: raide\\n(royde) means stiff, roi (roy) means king. Baston is odd too. Old spelling of\\nbâton = stick/wand not stone (pierre). Royde come un Baston = Raide comme un\\nbâton = Stiff as a stick? Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text? If\\nthe latter, then t and l could be confused, as LH suggests, but why would he\\nuse clear French to describe his peccadillos, which his French speaking wife\\ncould easily read? Puzzling.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## DiPhi on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\"So God preserve us all friends long, and continue health among us.\\\"\\n\\nWhat a wonderful and elegant close to one of his very best entries.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Michael Robinson on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nCulture differences ??\\n\\nAm I the only one surprised by the speed of the marriage process?\\n\\nSP proposed the idea of this marriage to Carteret on June 24th.; financial and\\nother arrangements concluded by June 28th.; the couple meet first on July\\n15th., \\\"but nothing to the lady from him at all. To supper, and after supper\\nto talk again, he yet taking no notice of the lady. My Lord would have had me\\nhave consented to leaving the young people together to-night, to begin their\\namours, his staying being but to be little. But I advised against it, lest the\\nlady might be too much surprised. So they led him up to his chamber, where I\\nstaid a little, to know how he liked the lady, which he told me he did\\nmightily; but, Lord! in the dullest insipid manner that ever lover did.\\\" (\\nhttp://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/15/ ); part on the 17th.; meet again\\non the 24th.; are 'well acquainted' by the 28th., and married today, the 31st.\\n\\nI realize that the families know of each other, and that this is no modern\\n'love match,' (and that marriages 'of state' could take place by proxy without\\nthe parties even setting eyes on each other) but by way of comparison the time\\ntaken for the couple to get to know each other over the course of fifteen\\ndays, seems less than that required by SP in the diary period for sufficient\\nfamiliarity to develop between two men for them to agree to dine at each\\nother's houses.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Moira on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nHere in Co. Cork Ireland the expression \\\"to salute\\\" a person is still used\\nmeaning to greet by a lifting of the hand in a quick flick ---less than a wave\\nmore than gesture. Its usually an acknowledgement of a stranger or an\\naquaintance and is mostly done in country areas or villages now. A person will\\ncomment on someone ignoring them by saying \\\"he didnt even salute me\\\" .It is\\nalso often done between drivers passing each other on a country road\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Michael Robinson on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nRe: Roy/Royde. Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text?\\n\\nMy copy of L&M, vi., p. 177. (1972 ed.) reads: \\\"Royde comme un Baston\\\"\\n\\n\\\"The passages are all written in shorthand: and to obscure the meaning still\\nfurther, many words are complicated by inserting between syllables the\\nshorthand symbols for 'l, r, m, or n. ... they appear in this text with with\\nolder French spellings, or with Spanish forms that are now non standard ...\\\"\\nL&M vol. i, Introduction, p. lxi.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nstiff stick, the start of rhyming slang?\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nWhat does salute mean in this context... kiss?\\n\\nOED see 2:not 3?\\n\\nsalute\\n\\n[a. F. salut masc., of twofold origin: (1) = Sp. saludo, It. saluto, vbl. n.\\nf. Common Rom. (L.) sal{umac}t{amac}re to SALUTE; (2) originally fem., = Sp.\\nsalud, Pg. saude, It. salute:{em}L. sal{umac}t-em (nom. sal{umac}s) health,\\nsafety, salvation.]\\n\\nI. An act of saluting.\\n\\n1\\\\. An utterance, gesture, or action of any kind by which one person salutes\\nanother; a salutation. Now chiefly used with reference to other than verbal\\nmodes of saluting: cf. the following senses. a1400-50\\n\\n2\\\\. A kiss, by way of salutation. (Cf. SALUTE v. 2e.) 1590 GREENE Never too\\nlate (1600) 93 To her hee goes, and after his wonted salute sat downe by her.\\n\\n1684 EARL OF ROSCOMMON Ess. Transl. Verse 314 There, cold salutes, But here, a\\nLovers kiss.\\n\\n3\\\\. Mil. and Naut. a. A discharge of cannon or small arms, display of flags, a\\ndipping of sails, a cheering of men, manning the yards, etc., as a mark of\\nrespect, or as military, naval, or official honour, for a person, nation,\\nevent, etc. A salute is said to be of as many guns as there are volleys fired.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nJKM asks \\\"I wonder what 'charms' Pepys knew?\\\"\\n\\nGood question! I wonder whether he was acquainted with the LEMEGETON,\\nCLAVICULA SALOMONIS, or THE LESSER KEY OF SOLOMON, Detailing the ceremonial\\nart of commanding spirits both good and evil (1641?)\\nhttp://www.esotericarchives.com/solomon/lemegeton...\\n\\nThe Wikipedia article about it:\\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lesser_Key_of_So...\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## jean-paul on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nFirst, welcome Ghalle—and enjoy the catching-up!. Second, i am French and i\\ntestify to the exactitude of \\\"royde comme un baston\\\", it is still widely used\\ntoday in its modernised form \\\"raide comme un bâton\\\" (the circomflex accent is\\na remnant of the letter \\\"s\\\", as in hôpital, rôti, maître, a.s.o.). Finally,\\nsome light on the levitation trick (Pepys is even quoted!) at\\nhttp://www.wikihow.com/Play-Light-as-a-Feather And what a great entry!\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## tyndale on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nToday's Intelligencer:\\n\\nPlymouth, July 25: The Elizabeth has caught six Dutch ships in the channel.\\nMiddlesex and City and Liberties of Westminster, July 25: Charitable donations\\nto the sufferers in London should be given to four churchwardens listed in\\norder to ensure they end up being applied correctly. Cadiz, July 6: The Dutch\\nare trying to stir up the Moors agains the English at Tangier, but it's not\\nworking; the mole raised at Tangier will frustrate Dutch incursions;\\ndescription of the mole and its fortress. Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the\\nConfederates have joined up with the King's army; Bialenoienkow has defeated\\nseveral Muscovite generals. London, July 28: The Dutch have supposedly devised\\ntwo councils of war \\\"to sit abord the Fleet\\\" but in fact \\\"the Dominus fac\\nTotum is De Wit, the rest serving onely to countenance the design;\\\" the Fleet\\nofficers are offended by all this; the fleet lies in the Texel, but does not\\nhave enough ships to put out; De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway\\nThe Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate. Numbers from the\\nlatest plague bill. Vienna, July 18: Turkish ambassador thinks he is not\\ngetting enough respect; Ambassador from Munster complaining of the injuries he\\nhas received from the Netherlands; expecting news of a big battle in Poland\\nLegorn, July 18: Sir John Einth, the British resident in Tuscany, is making a\\ngood impression; ; description of his reception by the Grand Duke of Tuscany;\\nthe Dutch in Legorn celebrated when they heard a rumor that the Dutch fleet\\nwas victorious, but when more accurate news arrived that they had been\\ndefeated they disappeared and the English were celebrating publicly. Flushing,\\nAug 4 [presumably Gregorian calendar]: Holland has usurped on the privileges\\nof this province by enlisting men for the navy; alarms of dangers out of\\nGermany; \\\"This state is dryed up, and the Merchant, languishing for want of\\nTrade\\\" Ostend, August 5: The states of Holland are in such bad shape that it's\\nhard to see how they can continue the war \\\"considering the general defection,\\nmisery; and complaint of the People, which resort hither of late in great\\nnumbers, and we find them better informed in the true state as the difference\\nthen stands with the convenience of their Governors.\\\" Antwerp, August 4: The\\nDutch fleet will sail out when they can, but \\\"wise men are of opinion they\\nwill not venture to sea yet this fortnight;\\\" the naval commanders look on De\\nWitt \\\"as a kind of Amphibion,\\\" Final article: JPs of County Surrey have\\ndireted the closure of the wells and other plague measures\\n\\nNew ads: lost dog, lost watch, Robert Theaker's new book 'A Light to the\\nLongitude: Or the use of an Instrument called the Seamans Director, speedily\\nresolving all Astronomical Cases and Questions concerning the Sung, Moon...\\\"\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Pedro on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n“De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway”\\n\\nDe Ruyter had reached the Norwegian coast and sailed towards Jutland after\\ncleaning his ships in case he met with the enemy.\\n\\nSandwich was hovering about Dogger Bank, and thinking of attacking De Ruyter\\nif he took refuge in the neutral port of Bergen. He also hoped to take rich\\ncargo of the returning East India fleet and had obtained permission from the\\nDanes upon promise of giving them half the booty. When he heard that De Ruyter\\nhad been seen near Bergan on the 10/20th July he made for it with his whole\\nfleet; but De Ruyter had just escaped to the south.\\n\\nDe Ruyter decided to try to reach the Ems past Heligoland, and if this was\\npossible to take refuge in the Elbe or the Weser. On 23rdJuly/2nd August he\\nmet a few English ships but Sandwich was on the coast of Norway and so he was\\nable to make straight for Holland. In his Journal he put this down to the\\ndirect assistance of God, and he reached western Ems on the same day. The\\nbuoys and beacons had been removed to prevent English attack.\\n\\nOn the 28th July/6th August at 3 o’clock the fleet towing its prizes adorned\\nwith their English flags in sign of triumph, anchored in the roads of\\nDelfzijl. The news spread like wildfire throughout the whole Republic.\\n\\nNo Admiral had ever been given such a reception and Lowestoft was forgotten.\\nEveryone believed that their hero would save the country from danger.\\n\\nOne of the prizes he had taken contained a quantity of sugar and tobacco as\\nwell as 1600lbs of elephant trunks, 682 marcs of gold to the value of nearly\\n£20,000 and a number of other goods.\\n\\n(Summary from the Life of De Ruyter by Blok)\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Pedro on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n“The Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate.”\\n\\nStrange how the Chinese are regarded as pirates. Boxer in his Dutch Seaborne\\nEmpire (1600-1800) says...\\n\\nThe Chinese impression of the Dutch in the 17th Century was naturally\\ninfluenced by the piratical attacks of the Netherlands against the Fukienese\\njunks trading with Manila, and by forcibly kidnapping of the Chinese to help\\npopulate Batavia after Coen’s capture of Jakarta.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## tyndale on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nI think this guy actually is a pirate, though. The Ming dynasty had trouble\\ncontrolling their huge empire, and Chinese pirates fluorished through the 17th\\ncentury.\\n\\nIt might be Zheng Jing, whom you can read about here:\\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zheng_Jing\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## language hat on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\"Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the\\nKing’s army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals.\\\"\\n\\nBrief summary of events in Eastern Europe: Ukraine had long been restive under\\nthe rule of Poland (or, to be precise, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,\\nwhich up to this point had been a major power); in 1654 the Ukrainian Cossack\\nleader Bogdan Khmelnitsky, encouraged by Tsar Alexei, had declared\\nindependence, starting a long war between Poland (aided by the Turks) and\\nRussia. Things had been going badly for the Russians on the battlefield since\\n1660, but the Polish King John Casimir (Polish: Jan Kazimierz Waza) was faced\\nwith a revolt of the nobility led by Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, who will\\ndefeat the king's forces in August near Częstochowa (before being forced into\\nexile in 1668). At the moment drawn-out peace negotiations are being carried\\non between Russia and Poland that will culminate in January 1667 in the Truce\\nof Andrusovo, which gives Left Bank Ukraine (the eastern part) to Russia and\\nRight Bank Ukraine to Poland. The disruption caused in Russia by the war,\\nincreasingly onerous taxation, and oppression of the peasants (who fled in\\nmassive numbers to the relative freedom of Ukrainian Cossack life) will lead\\nin a few years to Stepan (Stenka) Razin's rebellion. Poland will continue to\\nsuffer war and rebellions and in the next century will be divided up between\\nRussia, Prussia, and Austria.\\n\\nI have no idea who \\\"Bialenoienkow\\\" might be.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## CGS on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nhere be all them's that believe ye shall NOT steal? freedom of the seas then\\ndominion over all that crawl....\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Australian Susan on 3 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nReading the account of the girls levitating the boy took me back [**] years to\\nwhen I was 10 and doing this by candlelight in a friend's cellar. Quite scary.\\nAnd I too had no idea this was so old. We used to chant in a voice just above\\na whisper:(repeating round the group) \\\"she looks pale, she is pale, she looks\\ncold, she is cold, she looks dead, she is dead, raise her\\\"\\n\\nWeddings used to be rowdy affairs in medieval times and it was Puritan\\ninfluences beginning in the 16th century which sobered things up. Sam was\\nexpecting a lot of boisterous play with garters and ribbons and so on, but no\\nsuch luck. He did get to kiss (salute) the bride and then get another kiss in\\nonce she had been put to bed. And him in his red suit AND gold buttons AND\\ngold lace. (and also no Bess.....)\\n\\n\\\"sad\\\" means grave, not miserable.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Australian Susan on 3 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nTime of Marriage\\n\\nYou had to be married before 2.30. There's a whole plot line developed around\\nthis in Hardy's Far From the Madding Crowd.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## dirk on 4 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nJWB - cannonical hours - \\\"would they have chosen times when both hands of the\\nclock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\\\"\\n\\nI've never heard of this custom, but it probably wasn't in use in the 17th c.\\n- for the simple reason that it was only in the mid 17th c. that clocks were\\nfitted with a second (minutes) hand...\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Robert Gertz on 5 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\n\\\"Hurry, Hewer. We've only seconds to...\\\"\\n\\nSir?\\n\\n\\\"Right, seventeenth century. We've less than a minute to spare!\\\"\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Andrew Hamilton on 7 Aug 2008 • Link\\n\\nMay I add, to the general admiration of this entry for its lively detail about\\nthe wedding day, my appreciation of Sam's writing on to give (as he often did)\\nhis monthly/quarterly summary of the affairs of his life and community. The\\nchange in focus from the minute to the overview is particularly effective\\nhere.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 15 Sep 2015 • Link\\n\\n\\\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\\\"\\n\\nThe canonical hour in question here would presumably have been Sext (noon) or\\nNone (mid-afternoon) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_hours#Ang...\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 16 Sep 2015 • Link\\n\\n\\\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\\\"\\n\\nA single trusted messenger (Carteret's Hewer) could cross the Thames by galley\\nto an inn on the south side where a horse could be hired.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\\n\\n\\\"going towards the church\\\"\\n\\nL&M suggest probably that of South Weald: http://www.british-\\nhistory.ac.uk/vch/essex/vol8/p...\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\\n\\n\\\"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life,\\nbecause I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and\\nhonour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of\\nmoney; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all\\nsides.\\\"\\n\\nCf. Samuel Pepys to Sandwich Written from: Navy Office Date: 7 August 1665\\n\\nShelfmark: MS. Carte 75, fol(s). 327-8 Document type: Holograph\\n\\nStates the happy circumstances attendant on the marriage of Lady Jemima\\nMontagu with Mr Carteret as being \\\"the only occurrence ... I ever met with,\\nbegun, proceeded on and finished with the same uninterrupted excess of\\nsatisfaction to all parties\\\". Reports his having sent a ship of 36 guns, to\\nfetch Lord Hinchinbrooke from Calais, who proceeded to join the bridal party\\nat Scots Hall. Adds his advice to Lord Sandwich \\\"to quicken the settlement of\\nthe money matters on both sides\\\". Mentions that \\\"the Plague is now, more or\\nless, got into most corners of the Kingdom\\\". ...\\n\\nCarte Calendar http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/projects/c... (Per L&M\\nnote)\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\\n\\n\\\"speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling him some of my charms\\\"\\n\\nL&M remind us of Pepys's Charmes: https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1664/12/31/\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\\n\\n\\\"the cook of the house, a very lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is\\nvery big, and they did raise him in just the same manner. \\\"\\n\\nFor accounts (at second hand) of similar experiments, see Letters on natural\\nmagic by Brewster, David, Sir; Smith, James Alexander, pub. 1883, pp. 255-7\\nhttps://archive.org/details/lettersonnatural00bre... It is said to be\\nessential that all the people concerned shall breathe in simultaneously, and\\nhold their breath. (Per L&M note)\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## San Diego Sarah on 30 Jul 2018 • Link\\n\\nOn Tuesday 24 January, 1659/60, Samuel and Elizabeth attend the wedding of\\nCapt. Tom Lucy ... which was more ribald than today, and he didn't enjoy it.\\n\\nhttps://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1660/01/24/\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Geoff Hallett on 30 Jul 2018 • Link\\n\\nA truly wonderful entry. The small detail of a full day like this is the most\\nfascinating for me.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Cazbot on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\\n\\nWe played the 'raising the body' game too, after lights out at our boarding\\nschool. Words very similar to Australian Susan's. I was sure at the time we\\ndid raise the body, although now I can't believe we did.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Tonyel on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\\n\\n. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they\\nbeing both in their old cloaths\\n\\nWhy in their old cloaths? Was the Sandwich party bringing silks and gold\\nbuttons for the bride and the groom?\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## San Diego Sarah on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\\n\\n\\\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that\\nwhen we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone\\nfrom home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which\\ntroubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well\\ndone: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there\\nbeing three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me;\\nbut yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual.\\n\\\"\\n\\nI think we may have lost something in translation here, or Pepys was exhausted\\nwhen writing.\\n\\nThe story to me is that they were running late, so reluctantly sent a rider\\nahead with the license and ring because the service had to be completed by a\\nset time. They followed in the coach at full gallop, stopped at Dagenhams, but\\neveryone had already left. So they headed towards the church, and met everyone\\ncoming away from the service. Pepys missed it! Grandpa Lord Crew gave away\\nMrs. Jem (since Sandwich is at sea). There were three other coach-loads of\\nwitnesses. People were dressed in their usual clothes ... which wasn't\\nuncommon in those days. You wore your best dress to your wedding. And these\\nfolk's usual \\\"old\\\" clothes would be pretty fancy.\\n\\nPerhaps if it had been held during peace-time, at Court, with Charles and\\nCatherine in attendance, there would have been more of a dressy do. But\\nknowing they could all be dead soon, they moved up the wedding by 3 days, and\\nhappily just got on with it. Ask anyone who remembers WWII -- that's how it\\nwas then, too.\\n\\nPoor girl sounds terrified. It's a shame Philip was so shy before the wedding.\\n\\n✹\\n\\n## Timo on 21 Aug 2018 • Link\\n\\nLanguage Hat, as ever the Chairman of Pedant’s Corner\\n\\nLog in to post an annotation.\\n\\nIf you don't have an account, then register here.\\n\\n# Read more\\n\\nAll diary entries from July 1665\\n\\nRead a summary of this month’s events\\n\\n# Latest Site News\\n\\nA Samuel Pepys Diary API\\n\\n 9 August 2021\\nDaily diary emails update\\n\\n 1 May 2021\\n\\n# Email, Twitter & Mastodon\\n\\nReceive diary entries by email daily\\n\\nJoin the Pepys’ Diary email discussion group\\n\\nFollow in real time on Twitter or on Mastodon\\n\\n# RSS feeds\\n\\n * Diary entries\\n * Encyclopedia topics\\n * In-Depth articles\\n * Site News posts\\n\\n# About\\n\\nThis site is run by Phil Gyford\\n\\n@philgyford on Twitter\\n\\nMore about this site\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210516195705/https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Lift that finger › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science (ABC Science)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Dr Karl loves a bit of magic. But he can't abide hocus-pocus, and he takes great delight in dispelling shifty myth-making activities.\",\n \"The \\\"Finger Lift\\\" is a fairly common party trick. It's used by primary school kids doing sleepovers, high-school students trying to impress each other, and many people trying to push a spiritual barrow. The Finger Lift also goes under the name of \\\"Stiff As a Board, Light As a Feather\\\".\",\n \"Once you've seen it, your memory of the marvellous event is quite precise — and utterly wrong. The subject was seated in a chair, or on a table, or lying down on the floor.\",\n \"Then four of you gathered around, and were told to try to lift the subject using either just one single finger, or your two index fingers joined into a single lifting unit from your two clenched hands. As you would expect, you couldn't lift them (either with a single finger, or with two fingers joined together).\",\n \"First, you were told to chant a song, or rub your own two hands together, or to pile all eight hands of the potential lifters one at a time on top of the head of the subject, or to press on their shoulders — or something.\",\n \"It didn't matter exactly what it was — there was always some kind of silly ritual that didn't seem to make any sense.\",\n \"Then you were instructed to count to some number, or to chant a song, and then at a certain point, to try to lift. And then — lo and behold — your fingers acquired magical strength and you could lift the subject effortlessly into the air.\",\n \"First, the timing. There are lots of videos of this Finger Lift on YouTube. One of them claims that \\\"it's an old Romanian trick\\\", while others have Chinese or Africans doing it.\",\n \"But they all have the timing in common. For the first doomed attempt to lift the subject, there was no effort to get everybody to do the lift at the same instant. In fact, there was deliberate vague misdirection, along the lines of \\\"so go ahead try to lift\\\".\",\n \"And in all of the videos on YouTube, you can see that the lifters are very much out of time with each other.\",\n \"That means that for the brief instant each person is trying to lift the subject by themselves, they are fruitlessly trying to lift the entire 50–80kg weight of the subject on one (or two) fingers.\",\n \"The purpose of the chanting of the numbers, or the prayer, or song is not to Unleash the Power Within — it's really to synchronise the four potential lifters into one single lifting unit.\",\n \"And there is usually a countdown to the final lift. So all four lift as one, and so each one has to lift only 12–20kg with the chosen finger or fingers.\",\n \"The second factor is the very fallible human memory. Every person who has described this to me has described the strange mystical power that gave them the ability to not only lift the subject into the air, but also, to effortlessly hold them there.\",\n \"But every time I have seen it done, the lifters just barely lifted the subject, and could not hold them there, and in fact, almost dropped them in their haste to get them down to the ground again.\",\n \"And the third and last factor is that your fingers are actually very strong. Louis Cyr, the old-time French Canadian strongman (1863–1912) could lift 553lb (250.2kg) with a single finger (his right middle).\",\n \"The old-time American strongman of the early 1900s, Warren Lincoln Travis, lifted 560lb (254kg) on his 50th birthday with a single finger.\",\n \"The Finger Lift party trick has made it into popular culture with appearances in South Park (the \\\"Marjorine\\\" episode) and the film, The Craft. In each case, it was associated with exotic witchcraft, not prosaic timing\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Lift that finger › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science (ABC Science)\\n\\nSkip to navigation | Skip to content\\n\\n * Search\\n\\n * Radio\\n * TV\\n * Shop\\n * News\\n * Sport\\n * Local\\n * Children\\n * Science\\n * Environment\\n * More...\\n * Help\\n\\n## This site is being redeveloped. For all the latest ABC Science content\\nclick here.\\n\\n### Site Navigation\\n\\n * Video\\n * Audio\\n * Photos\\n\\n * Explore by topic\\n\\n * Ancient Worlds\\n * Being Human\\n * Energy & Transport\\n * Environment & Nature\\n * Health & Medical\\n * Innovation & Technology\\n * Space & Astronomy\\n\\n * News in Science\\n * In Depth\\n * Dr Karl\\n\\n * Great Moments in Science\\n * Dr Karl on triplej\\n * Karl Trek\\n * Sleek Geeks\\n * School's video prize\\n * Karl Who?\\n * Ask an Expert\\n * Bernie's Basics\\n * Quizzes & Games\\n * Teaching Science\\n\\n * Lesson Plans\\n * Conundrums\\n * Demonstrations\\n * Careers\\n * Ace Day Jobs\\n * Talking Science\\n * Catapult on triplej\\n\\n * Share\\n * Print\\n\\nDr Karl › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science\\n\\n# Lift that finger\\n\\nDr Karl loves a bit of magic. But he can't abide hocus-pocus, and he takes\\ngreat delight in dispelling shifty myth-making activities.\\n\\nBy Karl S. Kruszelnicki\\n\\n(Source: iStockphoto)\\n\\n### Related Stories\\n\\n * Audio: Lift that finger (ABC Science)\\n\\nThe \\\"Finger Lift\\\" is a fairly common party trick. It's used by primary school\\nkids doing sleepovers, high-school students trying to impress each other, and\\nmany people trying to push a spiritual barrow. The Finger Lift also goes under\\nthe name of \\\"Stiff As a Board, Light As a Feather\\\".\\n\\nOnce you've seen it, your memory of the marvellous event is quite precise —\\nand utterly wrong. The subject was seated in a chair, or on a table, or lying\\ndown on the floor.\\n\\nThen four of you gathered around, and were told to try to lift the subject\\nusing either just one single finger, or your two index fingers joined into a\\nsingle lifting unit from your two clenched hands. As you would expect, you\\ncouldn't lift them (either with a single finger, or with two fingers joined\\ntogether).\\n\\nThen, the voodoo magic began.\\n\\nFirst, you were told to chant a song, or rub your own two hands together, or\\nto pile all eight hands of the potential lifters one at a time on top of the\\nhead of the subject, or to press on their shoulders — or something.\\n\\nIt didn't matter exactly what it was — there was always some kind of silly\\nritual that didn't seem to make any sense.\\n\\nThen you were instructed to count to some number, or to chant a song, and then\\nat a certain point, to try to lift. And then — lo and behold — your fingers\\nacquired magical strength and you could lift the subject effortlessly into the\\nair.\\n\\nWhy is it so?\\n\\nThere are three answers — timing, poor memory, and the natural underestimated\\nstrength of your fingers.\\n\\nFirst, the timing. There are lots of videos of this Finger Lift on YouTube.\\nOne of them claims that \\\"it's an old Romanian trick\\\", while others have\\nChinese or Africans doing it.\\n\\nBut they all have the timing in common. For the first doomed attempt to lift\\nthe subject, there was no effort to get everybody to do the lift at the same\\ninstant. In fact, there was deliberate vague misdirection, along the lines of\\n\\\"so go ahead try to lift\\\".\\n\\nAnd in all of the videos on YouTube, you can see that the lifters are very\\nmuch out of time with each other.\\n\\nThat means that for the brief instant each person is trying to lift the\\nsubject by themselves, they are fruitlessly trying to lift the entire 50–80kg\\nweight of the subject on one (or two) fingers.\\n\\nBut for the second successful attempt, the timing is very precise.\\n\\nThe purpose of the chanting of the numbers, or the prayer, or song is not to\\nUnleash the Power Within — it's really to synchronise the four potential\\nlifters into one single lifting unit.\\n\\nAnd there is usually a countdown to the final lift. So all four lift as one,\\nand so each one has to lift only 12–20kg with the chosen finger or fingers.\\n\\nThe second factor is the very fallible human memory. Every person who has\\ndescribed this to me has described the strange mystical power that gave them\\nthe ability to not only lift the subject into the air, but also, to\\neffortlessly hold them there.\\n\\nBut every time I have seen it done, the lifters just barely lifted the\\nsubject, and could not hold them there, and in fact, almost dropped them in\\ntheir haste to get them down to the ground again.\\n\\nAnd that is what you will see on YouTube.\\n\\nAnd the third and last factor is that your fingers are actually very strong.\\nLouis Cyr, the old-time French Canadian strongman (1863–1912) could lift 553lb\\n(250.2kg) with a single finger (his right middle).\\n\\nThe old-time American strongman of the early 1900s, Warren Lincoln Travis,\\nlifted 560lb (254kg) on his 50th birthday with a single finger.\\n\\nThe Finger Lift party trick has made it into popular culture with appearances\\nin South Park (the \\\"Marjorine\\\" episode) and the film, The Craft. In each case,\\nit was associated with exotic witchcraft, not prosaic timing\\n\\nThese simple explanations are really giving the finger to the myth.\\n\\nTags: anthropology-and-sociology, weightlifting, 19th-century, 20th-century\\n\\n^ to top\\n\\nPublished 27 May 2008\\n\\n© 2021 Karl S. Kruszelnicki Pty Ltd\\n\\nEmail ABC Science\\n\\n * Share this moment\\n * Email a friend\\n\\nUse these social-bookmarking links to share Lift that finger.\\n\\n * Tweet\\n\\nUse this form to email 'Lift that finger' to someone you know:\\nhttps://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm?\\n\\n### Subscribe to the Great Moments in Science Podcast\\n\\n### Latest Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science\\n\\n * Dr Karl: Did life begin on an invisible mountain range?\\n * Sorry, not all animals take 12 seconds to poo\\n * The real costs of air pollution\\n * Why isn't cannibalism more common?\\n * Can you get pregnant during a pregnancy?\\n\\nLatest Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science web feed\\n\\n### Follow ABC Science\\n\\n### About |Contact | ABC Science\\n\\n#### Sections\\n\\n * News in Science\\n * In Depth\\n * Dr Karl\\n * Ask an Expert\\n * Bernie's Basics\\n * Quizzes & Games\\n * Teaching Science\\n * Audio\\n * Video\\n * Photos\\n\\n#### Topics\\n\\n * Ancient Worlds\\n * Being Human\\n * Energy & Transport\\n * Environment & Nature\\n * Health & Medical\\n * Innovation & Technology\\n * Space & Astronomy\\n\\n#### Listen\\n\\n * All in the Mind\\n * Body Sphere\\n * Dr Karl on triplej\\n * FutureTense\\n * Great Moments in Science\\n * The Health Report\\n * Ockham's Razor\\n * Off Track\\n * The Philosopher's Zone\\n * The Science Show\\n\\n#### Watch\\n\\n * Ace Day Jobs\\n * Catalyst\\n * Crude\\n * ExperiMentals\\n * Sleek Geeks video prize\\n * Talking Science\\n * Time Traveller's Guide to Australia\\n * Voyage to the Planets\\n\\n#### More science sites\\n\\n * Catchment Detox\\n * Surfing Scientist\\n * Walking with Dinosaurs\\n\\n#### Related ABC sites\\n\\n * ABC Environment\\n * ABC Health and Wellbeing\\n * ABC Technology and Games\\n\\n#### Search ABC Science\\n\\n * A–Z subject and location library\\n * Science archives\\n * Search ABC Science by keyword\\n\\n### Stay updated\\n\\n#### ABC Science Newsletter\\n\\nGet ABC Science’s weekly newsletter Science Updates\\n\\n#### Follow ABC Science on Twitter\\n\\n * ABC Science\\n * Catalyst\\n * Doctor Karl\\n * Surfing Scientist\\n * ABC Health Online\\n * More ABC programs and people on Twitter»\\n\\n * ABC Home\\n * About the ABC\\n * ABC Careers\\n * ABC Contacts\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Accessibility\\n * © 2019 ABC\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171103030131/http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does Work! – Blumhouse.com\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Anyone who has ever been a 10-year-old girl likely played “Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board”. This required slumber party game for adolescent females was pretty much a right of passage into teen-hood along with bad makeovers and calling boys you like on the phone and hanging up.\",\n \"A few weeks ago, I found myself explaining the mechanics of the game to a group of bewildered guys who apparently had never seen THE CRAFT or had sisters. As I explained the mystical incantation behind this parlor trick, one of the guys cut me off by saying “yeah, but does it really work?” Yes! Yes, it does in fact work. Here is how you play as well as several theories on why this game allows you to seemingly levitate your friends.\",\n \"The Point of the Game: 4-5 of you will be able to lift a friend with just two fingers each. You try the first time and discover he or she is way to heavy and about to break your fragile fingers off. But yet, after a simple incantation and mystical chant, you will be able to lift your friend with just two fingers, almost like they are levitating or a spirit was lifting them up.\",\n \"3- Then 2 people sit on either side (shoulders and knees work best). If a 5^th person is lifting as well, have them sit at the head. Everyone should sit on their knees so you can easily stand up to levitate your friend.\",\n \"4- Start by having everyone place two fingers one each hand under the person laying in the center (middle and index finer). Go ahead and try to lift them while they are completely conscious. It will be near impossible.\",\n \"5- One person is the group leader. This person will then tell the story of how the individual in the center is about to allow the spirit of a dead person to enter their body, effectively becoming corpse-like. The narrator should instruct the body in the center to slowly become stiff like a corpse, and because their body and spirit are now open to supernatural influences, an outside spirit will enter and allow the body to become light.\",\n \"6- Then the narrator says “light as a feather, stiff as a board”. Gradually the other people should start repeating it, except for the body in the center- they stay dead and stiff, eyes closed.\",\n \"7- After chanting several times, begin to lift the body off the floor, still with just two fingers per hand. You will now be able to lift the body with little to no effort. Stand up, and extend your arms upward. It will be effortless. But don’t stop chanting or the spell will be broken, and the person will go back to their normal weight crashing to the ground.\",\n \"8- Keep chanting “light as a feather, stiff as a board” until the body is lowered safely back down to the ground. Then ask the spirit to leave the body and tell the person they can now get up.\",\n \"There are a number of theories about why the game works so well, well enough to amaze countless pre-teen girls into thinking that they had somehow evoked a dead spirit or suddenly become super strong.\",\n \"The first time you try to lift your friend, the group lacks focus. Usually there is giggling and skepticism, especially if you are a bunch of 10-year-old girls amped up on Diet Coke and pizza. Plus, your friend in the middle is likely still very awake and nervous about what is about to be done to them. By the second time you attempt the lift, everyone is highly tuned into the task at hand, incredibly focused on the act of lifting. The chanting helps to unite the movements. And the weight will likely be more evenly distributed about all of the participants.\",\n \"Ever tried to lift a mattress? Sucks, right? A mattress is completely limp and just because you can hoist up one side with ease does not keep the other side from flopping on the ground. But yet, something of a similar weight- say the bed’s box spring- seems a lot easier to carry. That is because the material is doing a bunch of the work for you. Whereas the mattress has no structure and just slumps when not supported in all places, the wood or metal allows you to pick up just one section, and the rest will follow maintaining the shape. The same rule applies to your “dead” friend laying in the middle of the group. Upon the first attempt, they are relaxed. Just because you try to wedge your two fingers under their shoulders and push towards the heavens does not mean the rest of their body will follow. But after the incantation, they are stiff and focused. Without realizing it, they are doing a lot of the work for you by keeping their muscles rigid allowing you to lift them with only a few points of contact.\",\n \"When sitting in 12-year-old Dakota’s dark basement giggling but trying not to wake up her super lame parent’s, there was something special happening. We really friggin wanted this to work!! It was awesome. It was something bigger than us, something mystical and unknown. Whereas I now approach mysticism and ghosts with immediate skepticism, during those formidable years the idea that we could in some way evoke a spirit or super powers was monumental. Thus, we were more likely to try a lot harder the second time. Our united goal of preforming this spiritual task helped vault that body skyward!\",\n \"OK, it was all just witchcraft. Maybe the devil. 10-years are some evil beasts. And your friend is really possessed the spirit of a dead person. Hail Satan!\",\n \"Supposedly, the game dates all the way back to the 17^th century England and was first seen during plague outbreaks. Some thought that being levitated would help keep the disease away. For another, mystical ancient party trick that is currently played by 10-year-old girls to scare the hell out of each other, check out our instructions on how to evoke The Midnight Man or Nightmare Man here.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does Work!\\n– Blumhouse.com\\n\\n# Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does\\nWork!\\n\\n1,637 Shares Tweet\\n\\nRebekah McKendry\\n\\n@RebekahMcKendry\\n\\nJanuary 20, 2016\\n\\nAnyone who has ever been a 10-year-old girl likely played “Light as a Feather,\\nStiff as a Board”. This required slumber party game for adolescent females was\\npretty much a right of passage into teen-hood along with bad makeovers and\\ncalling boys you like on the phone and hanging up.\\n\\nA few weeks ago, I found myself explaining the mechanics of the game to a\\ngroup of bewildered guys who apparently had never seen THE CRAFT or had\\nsisters. As I explained the mystical incantation behind this parlor trick, one\\nof the guys cut me off by saying “yeah, but does it really work?” Yes! Yes, it\\ndoes in fact work. Here is how you play as well as several theories on why\\nthis game allows you to seemingly levitate your friends.\\n\\nThe Point of the Game: 4-5 of you will be able to lift a friend with just two\\nfingers each. You try the first time and discover he or she is way to heavy\\nand about to break your fragile fingers off. But yet, after a simple\\nincantation and mystical chant, you will be able to lift your friend with just\\ntwo fingers, almost like they are levitating or a spirit was lifting them up.\\n\\nHow to play:\\n\\n1- Dim the lights. Candles are a nice touch or flashlights.\\n\\n2- Have one person lay down flat on the floor, arms crossed over their chest\\nas if dead.\\n\\n3- Then 2 people sit on either side (shoulders and knees work best). If a 5^th\\nperson is lifting as well, have them sit at the head. Everyone should sit on\\ntheir knees so you can easily stand up to levitate your friend.\\n\\n4- Start by having everyone place two fingers one each hand under the person\\nlaying in the center (middle and index finer). Go ahead and try to lift them\\nwhile they are completely conscious. It will be near impossible.\\n\\n5- One person is the group leader. This person will then tell the story of how\\nthe individual in the center is about to allow the spirit of a dead person to\\nenter their body, effectively becoming corpse-like. The narrator should\\ninstruct the body in the center to slowly become stiff like a corpse, and\\nbecause their body and spirit are now open to supernatural influences, an\\noutside spirit will enter and allow the body to become light.\\n\\n6- Then the narrator says “light as a feather, stiff as a board”. Gradually\\nthe other people should start repeating it, except for the body in the center-\\nthey stay dead and stiff, eyes closed.\\n\\n7- After chanting several times, begin to lift the body off the floor, still\\nwith just two fingers per hand. You will now be able to lift the body with\\nlittle to no effort. Stand up, and extend your arms upward. It will be\\neffortless. But don’t stop chanting or the spell will be broken, and the\\nperson will go back to their normal weight crashing to the ground.\\n\\n8- Keep chanting “light as a feather, stiff as a board” until the body is\\nlowered safely back down to the ground. Then ask the spirit to leave the body\\nand tell the person they can now get up.\\n\\nHow it works:\\n\\nThere are a number of theories about why the game works so well, well enough\\nto amaze countless pre-teen girls into thinking that they had somehow evoked a\\ndead spirit or suddenly become super strong.\\n\\nTheory 1- Group Focus\\n\\nThe first time you try to lift your friend, the group lacks focus. Usually\\nthere is giggling and skepticism, especially if you are a bunch of 10-year-old\\ngirls amped up on Diet Coke and pizza. Plus, your friend in the middle is\\nlikely still very awake and nervous about what is about to be done to them. By\\nthe second time you attempt the lift, everyone is highly tuned into the task\\nat hand, incredibly focused on the act of lifting. The chanting helps to unite\\nthe movements. And the weight will likely be more evenly distributed about all\\nof the participants.\\n\\nTheory 2- It’s All About the Tension\\n\\nEver tried to lift a mattress? Sucks, right? A mattress is completely limp and\\njust because you can hoist up one side with ease does not keep the other side\\nfrom flopping on the ground. But yet, something of a similar weight- say the\\nbed’s box spring- seems a lot easier to carry. That is because the material is\\ndoing a bunch of the work for you. Whereas the mattress has no structure and\\njust slumps when not supported in all places, the wood or metal allows you to\\npick up just one section, and the rest will follow maintaining the shape. The\\nsame rule applies to your “dead” friend laying in the middle of the group.\\nUpon the first attempt, they are relaxed. Just because you try to wedge your\\ntwo fingers under their shoulders and push towards the heavens does not mean\\nthe rest of their body will follow. But after the incantation, they are stiff\\nand focused. Without realizing it, they are doing a lot of the work for you by\\nkeeping their muscles rigid allowing you to lift them with only a few points\\nof contact.\\n\\nTheory 3- You Really, Really Want It To Work!\\n\\nWhen sitting in 12-year-old Dakota’s dark basement giggling but trying not to\\nwake up her super lame parent’s, there was something special happening. We\\nreally friggin wanted this to work!! It was awesome. It was something bigger\\nthan us, something mystical and unknown. Whereas I now approach mysticism and\\nghosts with immediate skepticism, during those formidable years the idea that\\nwe could in some way evoke a spirit or super powers was monumental. Thus, we\\nwere more likely to try a lot harder the second time. Our united goal of\\npreforming this spiritual task helped vault that body skyward!\\n\\nTheory 4- Satan Did It.\\n\\nOK, it was all just witchcraft. Maybe the devil. 10-years are some evil\\nbeasts. And your friend is really possessed the spirit of a dead person. Hail\\nSatan!\\n\\nSupposedly, the game dates all the way back to the 17^th century England and\\nwas first seen during plague outbreaks. Some thought that being levitated\\nwould help keep the disease away. For another, mystical ancient party trick\\nthat is currently played by 10-year-old girls to scare the hell out of each\\nother, check out our instructions on how to evoke The Midnight Man or\\nNightmare Man here.\\n\\n#### Comments\\n\\nPrevious Story Check Out The Teaser Trailer For Karyn Kusama's THE INVITATION\\n\\nNext Story Check Out the Disturbing New Trailer for THE BOY!\\n\\n * Latest\\n * Trending\\n\\n * BLUMHOUSE Returns to TEXAS FRIGHTMARE WEEKEND for 2018!\\n * Watch the SHOCK WAVES Crew on Hulu’s New Series FRIGHTS AND INSIGHTS!\\n * POV HORROR is the First Movie Channel Dedicated to Found Footage Films\\n * This Pint-Sized Pennywise Cosplay is Both Adorable AND Terrifying\\n\\n * The Story Of How Matthew McConaughey Helped Bring An UNSOLVED MYSTERIES Murderer To Justice\\n * The REAL Story Behind THE TEXAS CHAINSAW MASSACRE: The Notorious Killer Ed Gein\\n * The Mysterious Legends Surrounding HELLTOWN, OHIO\\n * You Lose — You Die: Ten Movies About Deadly Games of Survival\\n\\nWhat else to read\\n\\nReal Life Scares\\n\\nCREEPYPASTA: Secret Search for the “Gateway of the Mind” Ends in Horror — and\\nDeath\\n\\nFilms\\n\\nGuillermo Del Toro In Talks to Adapt SCARY STORIES TO TELL IN THE DARK!\\n\\nFilms\\n\\nThe Power Of Expectation: New Video Series Breaks Down PSYCHO!\\n\\nShare This on Facebook\\n\\nx\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nFollow Us\\n\\n© 2017 RSV BH LLC\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\narticle continues below\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":362,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":16033,"string":"16,033"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make Bannock"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To make bannock, start by mixing flour, powdered milk, baking powder, and salt in a bowl. You can also add some sugar if you want to make a sweet bannock. Next, stir shortening into the mixture until it turns into small crumbles. Then, add water and knead the dough until it has an even texture. Once you're finished with the dough, shape it into a dome and poke it with a fork a few times. Finally, bake the dough for 20-25 minutes at 375 degrees Fahrenheit."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20201030013022/https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210606184829/https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210909001445/https://anitalianinmykitchen.com/bannock/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210420072333/https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210416085151/https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210625130202/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030013022/https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606184829/https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210909001445/https://anitalianinmykitchen.com/bannock/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420072333/https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416085151/https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210625130202/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":-1,"string":"-1"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030013022/https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/","parsed_text":{"title":"Bannock or Fry Bread","passages":["Bannock is bread in its simplest form, made in various forms by First Nations communities across Canada (and North America) with a simple dough of flour, baking powder, oil or lard and water – baked in the oven to supplement your morning coffee or evening stew, wound around a stick to cook over an open fire, or torn off in a ball and patted thin, then fried in lard or oil in a hot skillet until golden and crisp on both sides.","I learned to make fry bread (or frybread – fried bannock) in thin rounds, shaped by hand with a hole in the middle, by a few women from nations in the Blackfoot Confederacy – the bread cooks quickly and evenly in a hot skillet in this flattened doughnut shape, and won’t stay doughy inside. Using a pan gives a quick crusty exterior on both sides, without the need to turn on the oven. And I’ve been known to mix up a batch of dough and cook a few at a time, saving myself from having an entire batch warm all at once. They’re divine warm from the skillet with blueberry-rhubarb-saskatoon jam spiked with maple syrup.","The recipe itself, while similar to most other bannock recipes out there, came from Wanuskewin Heritage Park in Saskatoon, where we wound the dough back and forth around the tines of long metal forks to bake over hot coals in the middle of the afternoon. (I halved it – the original made a lot, but feel free to double it if you want more than about a dozen fry breads.)","Tear open and slather with jam, or dunk in soup or chili or stew. I made a quick jam with some frozen wild blueberries and saskatoons from the freezer, and a couple chopped stalks of rhubarb, and about half as much sugar as there was fruit in the pot (plus a generous glug of maple syrup), brought to a boil and simmered until it thickened and became jam-like. Because making jam shouldn’t be scary.","In a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a hollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is formed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about ten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce the top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or until golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.","Alternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open fire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat into a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy skillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm. Makes about 1 dozen breads.","In a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a hollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is formed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about ten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce the top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or until golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.","Alternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open fire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat into a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy skillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm. Makes about 1 dozen breads.","Oh boy, I think this just might be my next Great Canadian cooking adventure!...Canada Day for sure. Thanks Julie. Have tried and tried to make a decent gluten-free version that will wrap around a stick for over the fire but so far no luck.","I’ve made bannock with Robin hood and a few other gluten free flours mine turned out fine. I have also made my husband’s family’s roll cookie (which is not a cookie, but a bread similar to bannock) which turned out great","I grew up with them being called puffs: though they were yeast bread deep fried after pulling a golf ball size off the dough and stretching it. Served with round steak and boiled onions for Sunday breakfast. Alexandria, Virginia. (though my rogue Calif husband shocked the family by requesting jam with his)","I love that you posted this on the eve of National Aboriginal Day – honouring our founding mothers and fathers. Great job!","I just had to tell you that this is my go to bannock recipe. I fry it in my cast-iron. When I finally got the size and fry time down....these things are so darn good!!","Cook, cookbook author, writer, eater. Food columnist on CBC radio, contributing food editor for the Globe + Mail. Pulse enthusiast. ❤️ feeding people."]},"parsed_md":"Bannock or Fry Bread - Dinner With Julie\n\nbread\n\n## Bannock or Fry Bread\n\nStandardJune 20, 2017by Julie14 Comments\n\nBannock is bread in its simplest form, made in various forms by First Nations\ncommunities across Canada (and North America) with a simple dough of flour,\nbaking powder, oil or lard and water – baked in the oven to supplement your\nmorning coffee or evening stew, wound around a stick to cook over an open\nfire, or torn off in a ball and patted thin, then fried in lard or oil in a\nhot skillet until golden and crisp on both sides.\n\nI learned to make fry bread (or frybread – fried bannock) in thin rounds,\nshaped by hand with a hole in the middle, by a few women from nations in the\nBlackfoot Confederacy – the bread cooks quickly and evenly in a hot skillet in\nthis flattened doughnut shape, and won’t stay doughy inside. Using a pan gives\na quick crusty exterior on both sides, without the need to turn on the oven.\nAnd I’ve been known to mix up a batch of dough and cook a few at a time,\nsaving myself from having an entire batch warm all at once. They’re divine\nwarm from the skillet with blueberry-rhubarb-saskatoon jam spiked with maple\nsyrup.\n\nThe recipe itself, while similar to most other bannock recipes out there, came\nfrom Wanuskewin Heritage Park in Saskatoon, where we wound the dough back and\nforth around the tines of long metal forks to bake over hot coals in the\nmiddle of the afternoon. (I halved it – the original made a lot, but feel free\nto double it if you want more than about a dozen fry breads.)\n\nTear. Pat. Poke. Fry.\n\nTear open and slather with jam, or dunk in soup or chili or stew. I made a\nquick jam with some frozen wild blueberries and saskatoons from the freezer,\nand a couple chopped stalks of rhubarb, and about half as much sugar as there\nwas fruit in the pot (plus a generous glug of maple syrup), brought to a boil\nand simmered until it thickened and became jam-like. Because making jam\nshouldn’t be scary.\n\n## Bannock or Fry Bread\n\nAuthorJulie\n\n3 cups all-purpose flour\n\n1 Tbsp baking powder\n\n1 tsp sugar\n\n1/2 tsp salt\n\n1/4 cup canola or other mild vegetable oil\n\n1 cup water\n\nlard or additional canola oil, for cooking\n\n1\n\nIn a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a\nhollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is\nformed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about\nten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce\nthe top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or\nuntil golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\n\n2\n\nAlternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open\nfire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat\ninto a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy\nskillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm.\nMakes about 1 dozen breads.\n\nCategorybread\n\n## Ingredients\n\n3 cups all-purpose flour\n\n1 Tbsp baking powder\n\n1 tsp sugar\n\n1/2 tsp salt\n\n1/4 cup canola or other mild vegetable oil\n\n1 cup water\n\nlard or additional canola oil, for cooking\n\n## Directions\n\n1\n\nIn a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a\nhollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is\nformed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about\nten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce\nthe top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or\nuntil golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\n\n2\n\nAlternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open\nfire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat\ninto a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy\nskillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm.\nMakes about 1 dozen breads.\n\nBannock or Fry Bread\n\nIngredientsDirections\n\nbread\n\nShare\n\n * 6\n\n#### About Julie\n\n##### Previous post\n\nBroccoli Rubble (with Other Things)\n\n##### Next post\n\nSmashed Salad\n\n#### You May Also Like\n\nbread, snacks\n\n#### Screaming Doughnuts\n\nStandardOctober 27, 2020by Julie0 Comments\n\ncake\n\n#### Jan’s Chocolate Celebration Cake\n\nStandardOctober 26, 2020by Julie12 Comments\n\nchicken & turkey, sandwiches\n\n#### Blog Flog: Grilled Turkey Shawarma\n\nStandardOctober 16, 2020by Julie3 Comments\n\ndessert\n\n#### Blackberry-Plum Friand\n\nStandardSeptember 19, 2020by Julie11 Comments\n\nvegetables, vegetarian\n\n#### Crispy Crushed Potatoes\n\nStandardSeptember 5, 2020by Julie9 Comments\n\ndessert, pie\n\n#### Blog Flog: Summer Fruit Pandowdy\n\nStandardAugust 29, 2020by Julie2 Comments\n\nleftovers\n\n#### Calgary Green Cart: Composting Kitchen Scraps\n\nStandardAugust 18, 2020by Julie4 Comments\n\ndessert, pie\n\n#### Blog Flog: Saskatoon (or Blueberry) Tarts\n\nStandardAugust 2, 2020by Julie0 Comments\n\nbread, breakfast, snacks\n\n#### Blog Flog: Blueberry Corn Fritters\n\nStandardAugust 1, 2020by Julie3 Comments\n\n## 14 comments on “Bannock or Fry Bread”\n\n 1. Vivian\n\nJune 20, 2017 at 11:09 pm #\n\nReply\n\nOh boy, I think this just might be my next Great Canadian cooking\nadventure!...Canada Day for sure. Thanks Julie. Have tried and tried to make a\ndecent gluten-free version that will wrap around a stick for over the fire but\nso far no luck.\n\n * Julie\n\nJune 21, 2017 at 10:26 am #\n\nReply\n\nYeah, gluten free bread is so tricky – have you tried using a gluten-free\nflour blend?\n\n * Edna\n\nJune 30, 2017 at 5:36 pm #\n\nI’ve made bannock with Robin hood and a few other gluten free flours mine\nturned out fine. I have also made my husband’s family’s roll cookie (which is\nnot a cookie, but a bread similar to bannock) which turned out great\n\n * Julie\n\nJuly 2, 2017 at 8:51 pm #\n\nGood to hear it Edna!\n\n 2. Lisa\n\nJune 22, 2017 at 4:39 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI grew up with them being called puffs: though they were yeast bread deep\nfried after pulling a golf ball size off the dough and stretching it. Served\nwith round steak and boiled onions for Sunday breakfast. Alexandria, Virginia.\n(though my rogue Calif husband shocked the family by requesting jam with his)\n\n * Julie\n\nJune 26, 2017 at 9:38 pm #\n\nReply\n\nWow – with steak and boiled onions for breakfast! Amazing!\n\n 3. Carolyn\n\nJune 22, 2017 at 4:39 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI love that you posted this on the eve of National Aboriginal Day – honouring\nour founding mothers and fathers. Great job!\n\n * Julie\n\nJune 26, 2017 at 9:37 pm #\n\nReply\n\n🙂\n\n 4. heather davey\n\nJune 27, 2017 at 1:30 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI love your blog, so I’ve nominated you for the Blogger Recognition Award!\nhttps://smallsuitcases.me/2017/06/27/blogger-recognition-award/\n\n 5. mixer roti\n\nAugust 22, 2017 at 8:43 pm #\n\nReply\n\nthis is verry good\n\n 6. Candice\n\nNovember 28, 2017 at 4:29 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI just had to tell you that this is my go to bannock recipe. I fry it in my\ncast-iron. When I finally got the size and fry time down....these things are\nso darn good!!\n\n * Julie\n\nNovember 29, 2017 at 2:11 pm #\n\nReply\n\nSo great to hear! And yes, cast iron really is the best for bannock!\n\n 7. Harlen\n\nApril 14, 2018 at 4:26 pm #\n\nReply\n\nBannock mechanic powers initiate!\n\n * Harlen\n\nApril 15, 2018 at 5:30 pm #\n\nReply\n\nBut shouldn’t it be warm water?\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel Reply\n\nClear\n\n### instagram\n\n### dinnerwithjulie\n\nCook, cookbook author, writer, eater. Food columnist on CBC radio,\ncontributing food editor for the Globe + Mail. Pulse enthusiast. ❤️ feeding\npeople.\n\nSuch a beautiful spot.. no need for a filter.\n\nBig huge congrats to @jannisescott1 for winning go\n\nIt’s been an extremely weird week, and such a st\n\nW and I make chocolate chip cookies together on th\n\nA good day to have a pot of beans simmering on the\n\nEveryone’s telling me this should be an artsy al\n\nI’ve made this squashy red lentil dal twice this\n\nJust had another meeting to discuss a sustainable,\n\nThis error message is only visible to WordPress admins\n\nError: There is no connected account for the user 10628115 Feed will not\nupdate.\n\n### I have a newsletter!\n\n### looking for a recipe?\n\n * 129\n\nappetizers\n\n * 68\n\nbeans\n\n * 61\n\nbeef & bison\n\n * 21\n\nbeverages\n\n * 144\n\nbread\n\n * 163\n\nbreakfast\n\n * 94\n\ncake\n\n * 49\n\ncheese\n\n * 79\n\nchicken & turkey\n\n * 122\n\ncookies & squares\n\n * 183\n\ndessert\n\n * 103\n\neating out\n\n * 29\n\neggs\n\n * 18\n\nfish\n\n * 42\n\ngrains\n\n * 19\n\nlamb\n\n * 194\n\nleftovers\n\n * 40\n\non the grill\n\n * 137\n\none dish\n\n * 78\n\npasta\n\n * 89\n\npie\n\n * 58\n\npork\n\n * 62\n\npreserves\n\n * 73\n\nsalads\n\n * 42\n\nsandwiches\n\n * 28\n\nseafood\n\n * 21\n\nslow cooker\n\n * 105\n\nsnacks\n\n * 79\n\nsoup\n\n * 10\n\nstews & braises\n\n * 51\n\nsweet stuff\n\n * 74\n\nvegetables\n\n * 156\n\nvegetarian\n\n * 0\n\nvideo\n\n### Find my recipes from the Calgary Eyeopener!\n\n### in the archives\n\n### Receive new posts by email\n\n### Join me over on Facebook!\n\n> Join me over on Facebook!\n\n * Home\n * Recipes\n * Recipe Index\n * Meet Julie\n * Cookbooks\n * Events\n * Pods\n * Writing\n\nDinner With Julie © All Rights Reserved | Website by Curious Communications\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606184829/https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/","parsed_text":{"title":"Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods","passages":["“Bannock”; it’s not just a made-up word that shows up as a stumbling block in a sixth-grade spelling bee. It’s the original North American camping bread with heritage attributed to native northern tribes such as the Nunavut and the Cree.","Bannock ingredients are simple and exceedingly portable. It can be quickly prepared in camp and cooked over an open fire by any of several methods. It’s not a high-rise yeast bread, but acquires some loft usually from a chemical leavening.","Recipes for mixing up a batch of bannock are pretty standard. Flour, salt, and baking powder are the universal dry ingredients. Some recipes add a little bit of sugar and/or powdered milk. Also required are a bit of shortening and some water. The recipe that follows provides basic proportions, but experiment until you find what works just right for you.","For camping trips...whether deep into the wilderness or a few feet from your car... you can premix the dry ingredients in proper proportions and store it in zippered plastic bags. If you don’t put too many miles on them before you use them, these bags can serve as mixing vessels for your bannock dough as well.","Most traditionally, bannock is made plain and served alongside wild game meats or other foods foraged along the route or near camp. However, it’s natural for adding a bit of sweetness by including a handful of raisins, dried cranberries or even fresh blueberries in the dough. Butter, honey, and jam all go great on bannock.","Bannocks biggest controversy is in the “authentic” way to cook it over a campfire. There are three basic options. If I have the luxury of a cast iron skillet (here’s our favorite) and a little oil, my favorite way of preparing bannock is rolling the dough into discs just thicker than 1⁄2-inch and frying it to a golden brown. You can also sort of bake it in the skillet using reflected heat, which is slow, but works pretty well and gives you more of a rise on the loaf. Also – when it comes time to clean that skillet, here’s the best way to do it.","However, if you’re working from a pack on your back, cast iron’s too damn heavy to tote. So, you can either form a loaf and bake it in several layers of aluminum foil on the low heat of old coals (or buried in a pit of coals) or you can form long strips of dough about 3/8 of an inch thick and an inch wide and wrap them around the end of a green stick. You then carefully bake the dough over the coals and low flame much like you’re toasting a marshmallow.","Bannock is storied as the preferred camping bread of famous folks like Lewis & Clark, Kit Carson, Daniel Boone and many others, so next time you’re looking to mix a history lesson with your camping trip, whip up some bannock to go along with your beans...the whole crew will be glad you did.","If you’re into bannock, you probably practice a whole slew of outdoor skills and should check out the new full tang Morakniv Bushcraft.","Keep adding water and mixing until you get a good kneadable dough consistency. DO NOT make it a thin batter.","Turn out the dough onto a floured flat surface (another plastic bag or waxed paper) and knead for a minute or two.","This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Cookie settingsACCEPT","This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience.","Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.","Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website."]},"parsed_md":"Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods - 50\nCampfires\n\n * Share The Fire\n * Submit Your Tips & Tricks\n * Submit Camping Recipes\n * Manufacturers : Gear Reviews\n\n## 50 Campfires The Camping Authority\n\n# Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods\n\nPosted by: 50 Campfires in Camp Cooking, Lunch & Dinner\n\n“Bannock”; it’s not just a made-up word that shows up as a stumbling block in\na sixth-grade spelling bee. It’s the original North American camping bread\nwith heritage attributed to native northern tribes such as the Nunavut and the\nCree.\n\nBannock ingredients are simple and exceedingly portable. It can be quickly\nprepared in camp and cooked over an open fire by any of several methods. It’s\nnot a high-rise yeast bread, but acquires some loft usually from a chemical\nleavening.\n\nRecipes for mixing up a batch of bannock are pretty standard. Flour, salt, and\nbaking powder are the universal dry ingredients. Some recipes add a little bit\nof sugar and/or powdered milk. Also required are a bit of shortening and some\nwater. The recipe that follows provides basic proportions, but experiment\nuntil you find what works just right for you.\n\nFor camping trips...whether deep into the wilderness or a few feet from your\ncar... you can premix the dry ingredients in proper proportions and store it\nin zippered plastic bags. If you don’t put too many miles on them before you\nuse them, these bags can serve as mixing vessels for your bannock dough as\nwell.\n\nMost traditionally, bannock is made plain and served alongside wild game meats\nor other foods foraged along the route or near camp. However, it’s natural for\nadding a bit of sweetness by including a handful of raisins, dried cranberries\nor even fresh blueberries in the dough. Butter, honey, and jam all go great on\nbannock.\n\nThree ways to cook bannock\n\nBannocks biggest controversy is in the “authentic” way to cook it over a\ncampfire. There are three basic options. If I have the luxury of a cast iron\nskillet (here’s our favorite) and a little oil, my favorite way of preparing\nbannock is rolling the dough into discs just thicker than 1⁄2-inch and frying\nit to a golden brown. You can also sort of bake it in the skillet using\nreflected heat, which is slow, but works pretty well and gives you more of a\nrise on the loaf. Also – when it comes time to clean that skillet, here’s the\nbest way to do it.\n\nHowever, if you’re working from a pack on your back, cast iron’s too damn\nheavy to tote. So, you can either form a loaf and bake it in several layers of\naluminum foil on the low heat of old coals (or buried in a pit of coals) or\nyou can form long strips of dough about 3/8 of an inch thick and an inch wide\nand wrap them around the end of a green stick. You then carefully bake the\ndough over the coals and low flame much like you’re toasting a marshmallow.\n\nBannock is storied as the preferred camping bread of famous folks like Lewis &\nClark, Kit Carson, Daniel Boone and many others, so next time you’re looking\nto mix a history lesson with your camping trip, whip up some bannock to go\nalong with your beans...the whole crew will be glad you did.\n\nIf you’re into bannock, you probably practice a whole slew of outdoor skills\nand should check out the new full tang Morakniv Bushcraft.\n\nBasic Bannock Recipe\n\nPrint\n\nIngredients\n\n * 3 cups all-purpose or whole wheat flour\n * 1 tsp. salt\n * 2 Tbsp. baking powder\n * 1⁄2 cup powdered milk\n * 1 tsp. sugar\n * 1⁄4 cup shortening (lard, bacon grease, melted butter, canola oil)\n * 2 cups water (approximately)\n * Additional oil if you’ll be frying in a skillet or Dutch Oven\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Mix dry ingredients well in large bowl or zipper close plastic bag.\n 2. Add shortening; work it into dry ingredients until you get an even meal consistency.\n 3. Add about half of the water and start to stir and mix with a fork.\n 4. Keep adding water and mixing until you get a good kneadable dough consistency. DO NOT make it a thin batter.\n 5. Turn out the dough onto a floured flat surface (another plastic bag or waxed paper) and knead for a minute or two.\n 6. Press into paddies about 3⁄4-inch thick for frying or a general loaf shape for baking.\n 7. Cook until a deep golden brown on both sides, and a toothpick inserted in center comes out clean.\n\n3.3.3077\n\nPhoto courtesy of Dan McKay.\n\ncomments\n\nBannock Bread campfire recipe camping bread camping recipes 2015-12-29\n\n50 Campfires\n\n * tweet\n\nTagged with: Bannock Bread campfire recipe camping bread camping recipes\n\nPrevious: Northern Tool Kindling Cracker: Review\n\nNext: The Best Camping Gear for Dogs\n\n### You May Also Like\n\n### 21 Gifts For The Outdoor Foodie On Your List\n\n### 27 Grilled Kebab Recipes That Will Make Your Mouth Water\n\n### Campfire Crescent Rolls On A Stick\n\n### Grilled Peaches with Honey Cinnamon Ricotta\n\n### Pickled Stuff – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods\n\n### Campfire Recipes From Carolina Lowcountry\n\n### 21 S’mores Inspired Recipes That Are Next Level\n\n### Super Delicious Dutch Oven Campfire Beans\n\n### Mountain Man Dutch Oven Breakfast\n\n### 5 Easy Camping Meals Inspired By The Sun\n\n### Bacon Filled Smoked Stuffed Peppers\n\n### To Die For Smoked Ribs\n\n#### CAMP COOKING\n\n#### Gear\n\n#### Camping Tips\n\n * ### 5 Tips For A Successful Fish Fry\n\n * ### 7 Bear Safety Tips You Need To Know\n\n * ### Tips For Backyard Camping With Kids\n\n * ### Best Road Trip Apps 2020\n\n * ### How Do Survival Tactics Change in the Winter?\n\n#### Camping Recipes\n\n#### Camp with us on Facebook\n\nMedia Kit\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n© Copyright 2021 50 Campfires, LLC\n\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience. 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Indigenous people in particular Métis adopted bannock in their cuisine in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries probably after their encounters with Scottish fur traders.","As a result, even today many Métis and aboriginal western Canadians often prepare this dish. In western Canada, bannock is much more associated with native and Métis culture than with its Scottish roots.","With very few ingredients and easy to make Bannock is perfect as an accompaniment with a meal or even for Breakfast. It is often made when camping and it has been used as a staple food for wilderness explorers, trappers, and prospectors for centuries.","Whisk the dry ingredients before adding the oil and water. I used olive oil but vegetable oil is more traditional.","Do not over knead, this is not a yeast dough, and will be a little sticky, so therefore extra flour is not needed.","I hope you decide to give this simple yeast free bread a try and let me know what you think. Enjoy!","Easy Bannock Bread, a simple fried bread, fast and easy and so delicious, no yeast, the perfect camping, breakfast or side dish.","Then add the olive oil and whisk together with a fork, gradually add water and stir until the dough almost holds together. Move to a lightly floured flat surface and gently knead about 10 times just until the dough comes together (the dough will be sticky, do not overknead).","Divide into 5 balls and flatten with the palm of your hand. Fry in hot oil (350F/175C)on medium heat (enough to cover the bottom of a medium frying pan), until golden brown on both sides (and cooked on the inside). Drain on a paper towel lined plate and eat warm or at room temperature. Enjoy!","Calories: 208kcal | Carbohydrates: 38g | Protein: 5g | Fat: 3g | Sodium: 236mg | Potassium: 215mg | Fiber: 1g | Calcium: 77mg | Iron: 2.4mg","Living in Italy I learned to cook authentic Italian dishes using whole ingredients, fresh veggies and delicious spices. So take a seat and have a taste! Read More","To help personalize content, measure adverts and provide a safer experience, we use cookies. By giving consent, you agree to allow us to collect information through cookies.OkNoRead more"]},"parsed_md":"Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150 Recipe - An Italian in my Kitchen\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Contact\n * Disclosure/Privacy\n * Recipe Index\n\nCheck Out My New Site: All Things Bread 🍞\n\n * Home\n * About Me – Rosemary Molloy\n\n * Contact\n * Disclosure/Privacy\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n\n * Beef\n * Chicken\n * Chocolate\n * Eggs\n * Fish & Seafood\n * fruit\n * Pasta\n * Pork\n * Potatoes\n * Vegetables\n * Course\n\n * Drinks\n * Breakfast / Brunch\n * Lunch\n * Appetizers & Snacks\n * Main Dish\n * Side Dishes\n * Snacks\n * Pasta\n * Casseroles & Bakes\n * Pizza / Bread\n * Salads\n * Soups & Stews\n * Desserts\n\n * Cookies & Bars\n * Donuts & Pastries\n * Frostings & Glazes\n * Homemade Candy\n * Ice Cream & Frozen Desserts\n * Muffins & Sweet Breads\n * No-Bake Desserts\n * Tarts & Pies\n * Seasons\n\n * Christmas\n * Easter\n * Fall/Winter\n * Halloween\n * Thanksgiving\n * American Favorites\n\n * Appetizers & Snacks\n * Breakfast / Brunch\n * Drinks\n * Lunch\n * Main Dish\n * Desserts\n * Side Dishes\n\nCheck Out My New Site: All Things Bread 🍞\n\n↑\n\nAn Italian in my Kitchen\n\nAuthentic Italian Recipes\n\nHome » Popular » Bread & Yeast Breads » Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating\n#Canada150\n\n# Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150\n\nLast Updated June 23, 2021. Published June 22, 2019 By Rosemary 38 Comments\n\n#### Share\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nEmail\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nA simple and easy fried bread recipe. Bannock a traditional Indigenous Bread\nmade modern.\n\n## Easy Bannock Bread\n\nI originally shared this recipe two years ago when Canada was celebrating 150\nyears.\n\nI decided I had to include one of Canada’s Native Peoples recipes. Without\ngetting into the political surrounding of our not so wonderful treatment of\nour First Nations, I would like to tell you a bit about the origin of Bannock,\nthis simple fried bread.\n\n## The Origin of Bannock Bread\n\nBannock was originally brought to North America by Scottish explorers and\ntraders. Indigenous people in particular Métis adopted bannock in their\ncuisine in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries probably after their\nencounters with Scottish fur traders.\n\nAs a result, even today many Métis and aboriginal western Canadians often\nprepare this dish. In western Canada, bannock is much more associated with\nnative and Métis culture than with its Scottish roots.\n\nWith very few ingredients and easy to make Bannock is perfect as an\naccompaniment with a meal or even for Breakfast. It is often made when camping\nand it has been used as a staple food for wilderness explorers, trappers, and\nprospectors for centuries.\n\nA few tips in making this Easy Bannock Bread tasty and something you will\nenjoy often.\n\n## Tips for making the Best Bannock Bread\n\n * Whisk the dry ingredients before adding the oil and water. I used olive oil but vegetable oil is more traditional.\n * Bring the dough together with a fork.\n * Move the Bannock dough to a lightly floured surface and knead only until the dough comes together.\n * Do not over knead, this is not a yeast dough, and will be a little sticky, so therefore extra flour is not needed.\n\n * Break off pieces of dough and flatten with the palm of your hand.\n * Fry in hot oil on medium heat until golden brown and then turn to brown on the other side.\n * Drain on paper towels.\n * Eat warm or room temperature.\n\nThis type of bread should be eaten as soon as possible and not stored.\n\n## More delicious No Yeast Breads\n\nNo Yeast Pizza Dough\n\nIrish Soda Bread\n\nItalian Flat Bread\n\nThin Crispy Focaccia\n\nI hope you decide to give this simple yeast free bread a try and let me know\nwhat you think. Enjoy!\n\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe Rate Recipe\n\n4.56 from 36 votes\n\n## Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150\n\nEasy Bannock Bread, a simple fried bread, fast and easy and so delicious, no\nyeast, the perfect camping, breakfast or side dish.\n\nPrevent your screen from going dark\n\nFollow me on Youtube!Watch the videos and don't forget to subscribe on\nYoutube!\n\nCourse Bread and Pizza, Breakfast, Side Dish\n\nCuisine American\n\nPrep Time 10 minutes\n\nCook Time 15 minutes\n\nTotal Time 25 minutes\n\nServings 5 servings\n\nCalories 208kcal\n\nAuthor Rosemary Molloy\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 2 cups flour (260 grams)\n * 2 teaspoons baking powder\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt\n * 1 tablespoon olive oil or vegetable oil\n * 3/4 cup water (175 grams)\n * vegetable oil for frying\n\n### Instructions\n\n * In a large bowl whisk together the flour, salt and baking powder.\n\n * Then add the olive oil and whisk together with a fork, gradually add water and stir until the dough almost holds together. Move to a lightly floured flat surface and gently knead about 10 times just until the dough comes together (the dough will be sticky, do not overknead).\n\n * Divide into 5 balls and flatten with the palm of your hand. Fry in hot oil (350F/175C)on medium heat (enough to cover the bottom of a medium frying pan), until golden brown on both sides (and cooked on the inside). Drain on a paper towel lined plate and eat warm or at room temperature. Enjoy!\n\n### Notes\n\nDo not cook on too high a heat or they will only cook on the outside.\n\n### Nutrition\n\nCalories: 208kcal | Carbohydrates: 38g | Protein: 5g | Fat: 3g | Sodium: 236mg\n| Potassium: 215mg | Fiber: 1g | Calcium: 77mg | Iron: 2.4mg\n\nTried this recipe?Mention @anitalianinmykitchen or tag #anitalianinmykitchen!\n\nUpdated from June 29, 2017.\n\n#### Share\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nEmail\n\n### Related\n\n##### FREE EMAIL BONUS\n\n#### 3 Secrets to Authentic Italian Pizza!\n\nCrust, sauce, toppings. Bold flavors. 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By giving consent, you agree to allow us to collect\ninformation through cookies.OkNoRead more\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420072333/https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/","parsed_text":{"title":"Authentic Bannock Bread Recipe","passages":["Bannock is a yeast free bread that can either be fried or baked. It is a staple in many North American native diets.","Janet says this recipe: Makes the best bannock for any meal breakfast, lunch or supper even great for a snack when the kids are hungry and cannot wait for their meal.","Mix all dry ingredients into a big bowl. Add water or milk and add the oil of your choice. Mix all ingredients together until the batter becomes like bread dough, not sticky.","Put flour onto table surface then roll the dough with your fists for about 2 minutes, like making a bread dough. Pound the dough into a round ball then slowly expand the dough by making it nice and round about half inch thick and should be round like a pie plate. Make holes with a fork by poking it all around the dough from top to bottom.","Then with your cookie sheet ready put the bannock onto cookie sheet and bake it at 375oF until it becomes golden brown. Spread lard on the bannock when it comes out of the oven to keep it moist and Delicious. You will enjoy this bannock and do not worry if does not turn out well practice makes perfect.","You can adjust the thickness of the dough if you prefer your bannock bread to be thin or thick. Make sure the thickness of it is say 1 inch and thinner in size. The thinner bannock dough would be about half inch and rounder more than a pie plate and do not forget the holes in your bannock. Also, don’t forget to adjust your baking time. The thinner the bannock, the shorter the baking time needed.","Optional: Add 1 cup of raisins and 3 tablespoons of sugar into the dough when you are mixing the ingredients together.","Like this recipe? I’d love you to Pin it to Pinterest, Tweet about it, Like it on Facebook and leave a comment below.","Now that you have learned how to make bannock bread, look here to browse all of our muffin, sweet bread and yeast bread recipes.","Recipe Type: Breads and Muffins Tags: bannock, bannock bread, bannock recipe, bread recipes Ingredients: baking powder, flour, milk, Oil, salt","If you are looking for healthy snack recipes, these whole wheat muffins may be just what you are looking for. We... more"]},"parsed_md":"How to Make Bannock | Authentic Bannock Bread Recipe | Cookingnook.com\n\n * Home\n\n * Make us your home page\n * About Me\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Statement\n * Site Map\n * Subscribe to the Site\n * Recipes by Category\n\n * Appetizers\n * Soups\n * Salads\n * Meat Recipes\n * Fish and Seafood\n * Vegetables\n * Potato/Rice/Noodles\n * Desserts\n\n * Healthy Desserts\n * Bread and Muffins\n * Eggs and Brunch\n * Sandwich Recipes\n * Sauces\n * Drinks\n * Jams and Pickles\n * By Cuisine\n\n * Italian\n * Mexican\n * Middle Eastern\n * East Indian\n * Asian\n * Easy Dinner Recipes\n * Food, Health and Our Body\n\n * Power Foods\n * Health Benefits of Herbs and Spices\n * Diet and Lifestyle\n * Food Labels\n * Boost Metabolism\n * Monthly Fruit Club\n * Diabetes Information\n * Gluten Free Recipes\n * Healthy Recipes\n\n * Healthy Desserts\n * Easy Menu Ideas\n * All Vegetarian\n\n * Vegetarian Recipes\n * Vegetarian Menu Ideas\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * RSS\n * Pinterest\n\nRecipe Types:\n\n# Bannock\n\n2013-07-09\n\n * Cuisine: American\n * Course: Side Dish, Snack\n * Skill Level: Intermediate\n\n###### Average Member Rating\n\n(3.6 / 5)\n\n3.6 5 128\n\n128 people rated this recipe\n\n * Servings : 8\n * Prep Time :\n\n10m\n\n * Cook Time :\n\n0m\n\n * Ready In : 0m\n\n### Nutritional Info\n\nThis information is per serving.\n\n * Calories\n\n293\n\n * Total Fat\n\n14.1g\n\n * Saturated Fat\n\n1.8g\n\n * Cholesterol\n\n0mg\n\n * Sodium\n\n293mg\n\n * Total Carbohydrates\n\n36.7g\n\n * Dietary Fiber\n\n1.3g\n\n * Protein\n\n4.8g\n\n * Vitamin A\n\n0%\n\n * Vitamin C\n\n0%\n\n * Calcium\n\n9%\n\n * Iron\n\n13%\n\nBannock is a yeast free bread that can either be fried or baked. It is a\nstaple in many North American native diets.\n\nThis version, originally submitted by Janet F of Cumberland House, SK Canada,\nis baked.\n\nJanet says this recipe: Makes the best bannock for any meal breakfast, lunch\nor supper even great for a snack when the kids are hungry and cannot wait for\ntheir meal.\n\nGive it a try.\n\n## Bannock Bread\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 3 cups of flour or half and half whole wheat and white flour\n * 1 teaspoon of salt\n * 1 tablespoon baking powder\n * 1/2 cup of oil, or olive oil\n * water or milk\n\n### Method\n\n#### Step 1\n\nPreheat oven to 375oF.\n\n#### Step 2\n\nMix all dry ingredients into a big bowl. Add water or milk and add the oil of\nyour choice. Mix all ingredients together until the batter becomes like bread\ndough, not sticky.\n\n#### Step 3\n\nPut flour onto table surface then roll the dough with your fists for about 2\nminutes, like making a bread dough. Pound the dough into a round ball then\nslowly expand the dough by making it nice and round about half inch thick and\nshould be round like a pie plate. Make holes with a fork by poking it all\naround the dough from top to bottom.\n\n#### Step 4\n\nThen with your cookie sheet ready put the bannock onto cookie sheet and bake\nit at 375oF until it becomes golden brown. Spread lard on the bannock when it\ncomes out of the oven to keep it moist and Delicious. You will enjoy this\nbannock and do not worry if does not turn out well practice makes perfect.\n\nServes about 8.\n\n#### Hint:\n\nYou can adjust the thickness of the dough if you prefer your bannock bread to\nbe thin or thick. Make sure the thickness of it is say 1 inch and thinner in\nsize. The thinner bannock dough would be about half inch and rounder more than\na pie plate and do not forget the holes in your bannock. Also, don’t forget to\nadjust your baking time. The thinner the bannock, the shorter the baking time\nneeded.\n\nEnjoy with real butter.\n\nOptional: Add 1 cup of raisins and 3 tablespoons of sugar into the dough when\nyou are mixing the ingredients together.\n\nLike this recipe? I’d love you to Pin it to Pinterest, Tweet about it, Like it\non Facebook and leave a comment below.\n\nClick here to add your own favorite recipes.\n\nNow that you have learned how to make bannock bread, look here to browse all\nof our muffin, sweet bread and yeast bread recipes.\n\nRecipe Type: Breads and Muffins Tags: bannock, bannock bread, bannock recipe,\nbread recipes Ingredients: baking powder, flour, milk, Oil, salt\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\n## Never miss a recipe or tip!\n\nSign up and be the first to get notified of new updates.\n\nClick here to see our collection of recipes that are perfect for Easter.\n\n## Check out these Recipes\n\n * Newest\n * Popular\n * Random\n\n * ##### Creamy Kale Soup\n\n(5 / 5)\n\n * ##### Sweet Potato Rolls\n\n(3.3 / 5)\n\n * ##### Apple Oatmeal Muffins with Honey\n\n(5 / 5)\n\n * ##### Easy Pancake Recipe\n\n(3.7 / 5)\n\n * ##### The Best Chocolate Chip Cookie Recipe\n\n(4 / 5)\n\n * ##### Best Scalloped Potatoes Recipe\n\n(3.2 / 5)\n\n * ##### The Best Apple Pie Recipe\n\n(3.9 / 5)\n\n * ##### Sausage Balls\n\n(5 / 5)\n\n * ##### Korean Pancakes\n\n(4.5 / 5)\n\n## What’s New\n\n * ##### 25 Fabulous Pantry Recipes\n\nThese pantry recipes use ingredients that you probably have on hand all...more\n\n * ##### 10 Easy Muffin Recipes, Sweet and Savory\n\nHere are 10 easy muffin recipes you won't want to do without....more\n\n * ##### The Paleo Diet\n\nThe Paleo Diet: There is a very popular diet we have been...more\n\n## Weekly Special\n\n#### Whole Wheat Muffins with Lots of Variations\n\nIf you are looking for healthy snack recipes, these whole wheat muffins may be\njust what you are looking for. We... more\n\nRead More\n\nCookingnook.com is proudly powered by WordPress\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416085151/https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/","parsed_text":{"title":"Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread) • Curious Cuisiniere","passages":["Scottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it the perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!","Bannock is a simple, flat loaf of bread that bakes up with a texture similar to a scone or biscuit, with a fluffy center that is slightly crumbly. It is wonderful for breakfast spread with some jam or served for a main meal alongside your stew or main dish.","Bannock bread originated in Scotland, where it was first made as a quite heavy and dense loaf with a barley or oatmeal dough and no leavening. As leavening agents were introduced, they began to be added to these skillet breads, making them fluffier.","While bannock originated in Scotland, the concept was adopted into Native American cultures, particularly in the cuisine of the Inuits of Canada and Alaska.","Variations of North American bannock were made with corn (maize), making a loaf similar to a skillet cornbread. But, as wheat became more widely grown, they began making bannock with whole wheat flour, which is most commonly used today.","North American pioneers like Lewis and Clark and Daniel Boone learned how to make bannock from the Native Americans, and the bread became a staple for them and many others during the westward exploration of North America.","A cast iron skillet conducts heat very well (and stays hot for a long time), so when using a cast iron skillet to bake bread, you need to be sure that you skillet is over a warm section of coals, but not a super hot section of the fire.","Your goal is to keep the heat to the skillet at a steady medium level, so that the bread cooks, but doesn’t burn too quickly.","A good test of this for your bannock is if your bread starts to smell (or look) like the bottom crust is burning after less than 10 minutes in the skillet, then things are too hot. Cooking for less than 10 minutes on a side will result in bannock that is not quite done in the middle.","If you do start to burn one side of your bannock, don’t worry, all is not lost. Just move your skillet to a cooler section of coals (or off the heat completely if things are way too hot). Flip your bread, and let the second side cook slowly (for 15-20 minute).","Bannock has been a staple bread of peoples who lived in camps where the cooking was done over an open fire. But, sometimes a skillet (or flat stone) wasn’t available.","Not to be troubled with the details, they began making their bannock dough thicker and simply wrapping it around a stick to be cooked over the open flames.","The next time we go camping, we’ll be bringing a bag of bannock mix with us and trying the stick method of cooking it over a fire!","Scottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it the perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!","Add the shortening and cut the fat into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse breadcrumbs. (If you will be taking this mix traveling with you, you can make this dry mix ahead of time and store it in a sealed plastic bag or container until you are ready to make your bread.)","Grease a 9-inch cast iron skillet and warm it over the fire coals (or stove on medium heat). (Your goal is to get the pan hot enough that the batter will sizzle when it hits the pan, but not so hot that the oil is smoking.)","Cook the bread for 10-15 min. Once the bottom is a dark golden and the top of the batter is starting to dry out, flip the loaf.","Bake the loaf on the second side for 10-15 minutes. (If your bannock takes any less than 10 minutes to bake on a side before the crust starts to burn, then your heat is too hot and the outside is cooking faster than the inside. Move your pan to a cooler section of coals.)","*If using all all-purpose flour, you may need to add a little less water to your dough to get a good consistency.","Don’t want to carry a pan camping with you? Make a thicker dough by using less water. Wrap the dough around a stick and cook it over your campfire.","Sarah is co-owner of Curious Cuisiniere and the chief researcher and recipe developer for the site. Her love for cultural cuisines was instilled early by her French Canadian Grandmother. Her experience in the kitchen and in recipe development comes from years working in professional kitchens. She has traveled extensively and enjoys bringing the flavors of her travels back to create easy-to-make recipes.","Hey, I was wondering. If you cook this in an iron skillet, how can you tell if the bottom is too done or burning? Some have commented that they use the oven. Do you get the same results, and if so, what temperature is the oven set at? My husband's family is Scottish, but he has never mentioned this bread. I make scones for him all the time. I would love to try this recipe, but I want to be successful at it. Thank you so much for this interesting article.","Hi Betty. The dough holds together well enough that you should be able to get a spatula under it to take a peek at the bottom. We haven't done it in the oven. But, I would try it at 350F for 20 minutes to start. (Tap the bread to be sure it sounds hollow, or use a thermometer to temp it to 190F to know it's done.)","Hey Sarah, may want to adjust the typo to 2 Tsps Teaspoons of Baking Powder. You can fry in 1\" oil this mix too - in little dollops - can change fat to oil mix too.","Hi Ken. Thanks for your comment! While 2 Tbsp (Tablespoons) may seem like a lot, it is correct for this recipe to get a good loft. And, you don't really taste it in the final bread. If you are sensitive to the flavor of baking soda, you could reduce it, but the bread may not rise as much.","Hi Sarah, Thankyou for your recipe and suggestions on cooking without a pan. My ancestors and I are Scottish, by birth but I spend most of my time between Northern England, North America and Serbia as my new wife is Serbian. I love the outdoors in all these countries and though I had heard of Bannock bread from Ray Mears programs about 20 years ago had never tried it. And was suprised to find out it was Scottish in origin. Anyhow decided to try it tonight indoors for a test run. And it turned out great so thanks again. Very tastey bread made easy without an oven. Cheers. or Slante as they say...","I've lived in Ireland my whole life and this isn't a traditional bannock as I know it. I'm in County Antrim the heart of Ulster/Scots country and a Bannock in both places is typically a round loaf always baked in the oven. It's made using buttermilk and bicarbonate of soda or baking soda as a raising agent.","Thanks for your comment Linda. From what I have read, the term has evolved over the years (decades) and in different regions. Thanks for sharing what it is like where you are!","Hello There. I discovered your blog using msn. That is a really well written article. I will make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful info.","Welcome to Curious Cuisiniere! Our passion is exploring the history and heritage of food around the world. Here you will find easy-to-follow cultural recipes, highlighed with info to connect you to the dishes you cook. Where will you travel today?","Throughout our site you will find affiliate links to products we trust. Using an affiliate link doesn't cost you anything, but it does help support what we do in a small way. Thanks for your support of Curious Cuisinière!"]},"parsed_md":"Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread) • Curious Cuisiniere\n\nSkip to Content\n\nPosted on Last updated: June 20, 2017 Categories Around the World, Bread\nRecipes, British Recipes, Canadian Recipes, Summer Recipes\n\nBy: Author Sarah Ozimek\n\n# Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread)\n\nYou are here Home » Around the World » British Recipes » Bannock (Scottish\nSkillet Bread)\n\nSign up for our newsletter to receive cultural tidbits & tasty dishes! Thanks\nfor visiting!\n\nIf you like this dish, sign up for our newsletter for tasty, cultural\ninspiration in your inbox!\n\nScottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it\nthe perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\n\n## Bannock: Scottish Heritage\n\nBannock is a simple, flat loaf of bread that bakes up with a texture similar\nto a scone or biscuit, with a fluffy center that is slightly crumbly. It is\nwonderful for breakfast spread with some jam or served for a main meal\nalongside your stew or main dish.\n\nThe word “bannock” has Celtic roots, coming from a Latin word that means,\nquite simply, “baked dough”.\n\nBannock bread originated in Scotland, where it was first made as a quite heavy\nand dense loaf with a barley or oatmeal dough and no leavening. As leavening\nagents were introduced, they began to be added to these skillet breads, making\nthem fluffier.\n\n## Bannock In North America\n\nWhile bannock originated in Scotland, the concept was adopted into Native\nAmerican cultures, particularly in the cuisine of the Inuits of Canada and\nAlaska.\n\nVariations of North American bannock were made with corn (maize), making a\nloaf similar to a skillet cornbread. But, as wheat became more widely grown,\nthey began making bannock with whole wheat flour, which is most commonly used\ntoday.\n\nNorth American pioneers like Lewis and Clark and Daniel Boone learned how to\nmake bannock from the Native Americans, and the bread became a staple for them\nand many others during the westward exploration of North America.\n\n## Making Campfire Bread\n\nWhen making bread over a campfire the most important (and hardest to control)\nelement is the heat.\n\nA cast iron skillet conducts heat very well (and stays hot for a long time),\nso when using a cast iron skillet to bake bread, you need to be sure that you\nskillet is over a warm section of coals, but not a super hot section of the\nfire.\n\nYour goal is to keep the heat to the skillet at a steady medium level, so that\nthe bread cooks, but doesn’t burn too quickly.\n\nA good test of this for your bannock is if your bread starts to smell (or\nlook) like the bottom crust is burning after less than 10 minutes in the\nskillet, then things are too hot. Cooking for less than 10 minutes on a side\nwill result in bannock that is not quite done in the middle.\n\nIf you do start to burn one side of your bannock, don’t worry, all is not\nlost. Just move your skillet to a cooler section of coals (or off the heat\ncompletely if things are way too hot). Flip your bread, and let the second\nside cook slowly (for 15-20 minute).\n\nThis will let the heat on the second side reach the middle of the bread,\ncooking it through.\n\n## Making Bannock Without A Skillet\n\nBannock has been a staple bread of peoples who lived in camps where the\ncooking was done over an open fire. But, sometimes a skillet (or flat stone)\nwasn’t available.\n\nNot to be troubled with the details, they began making their bannock dough\nthicker and simply wrapping it around a stick to be cooked over the open\nflames.\n\nThe next time we go camping, we’ll be bringing a bag of bannock mix with us\nand trying the stick method of cooking it over a fire!\n\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe\n\n4 from 21 votes\n\n## Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread)\n\nScottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it\nthe perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\n\nYield: 1 (9-inch round) loaf\n\nPrep Time10 mins\n\nCook Time30 mins\n\nTotal Time40 mins\n\nCourse: Bread\n\nCuisine: Scottish\n\nServings: 6 people\n\nAuthor: Sarah Ozimek\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 1⁄2 c unbleached all-purpose flour\n * 1 1⁄2 c white whole wheat flour* (or more all-purpose*)\n * 1⁄2 c powdered milk\n * 2 Tbsp baking powder\n * 1 tsp salt\n * 2 Tbsp shortening, lard, or butter\n * 1 - 1 1⁄2 c water\n * Cooking oil (for greasing the pan)\n\n### Instructions\n\n * In a medium bowl, mix the flours, powdered milk, baking powder, and salt.\n\n * Add the shortening and cut the fat into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse breadcrumbs. (If you will be taking this mix traveling with you, you can make this dry mix ahead of time and store it in a sealed plastic bag or container until you are ready to make your bread.)\n\n#### To Prepare The Bread\n\n * Grease a 9-inch cast iron skillet and warm it over the fire coals (or stove on medium heat). (Your goal is to get the pan hot enough that the batter will sizzle when it hits the pan, but not so hot that the oil is smoking.)\n\n * Add some water to your dry bread mixture and mix just until a very thick batter forms.\n\n * Place the better into the warm skillet and press it to roughly 1 inch thick.\n\n * Cook the bread for 10-15 min. Once the bottom is a dark golden and the top of the batter is starting to dry out, flip the loaf.\n\n * Bake the loaf on the second side for 10-15 minutes. (If your bannock takes any less than 10 minutes to bake on a side before the crust starts to burn, then your heat is too hot and the outside is cooking faster than the inside. Move your pan to a cooler section of coals.)\n\n * Remove the pan from the coals and let the bread cool for 5-10 minutes before serving.\n\n### Notes\n\n*If using all all-purpose flour, you may need to add a little less water to your dough to get a good consistency.\n\nDon’t want to carry a pan camping with you? Make a thicker dough by using less\nwater. Wrap the dough around a stick and cook it over your campfire.\n\n### If you liked this recipe, here are some similar dishes you may enjoy!\n\n * Southern Sweet Potato Bread\n * Traditional Irish Soda Bread\n * Zucchini-Oat Yeast Bread\n * Pan de Coco (Honduran Coconut Bread)\n * Ensalada Rusa (Oliver Salad)\n * Greek Chicken Poutine\n * Avocado Sunflower Pesto\n * Moqueca (Brazilian Fish Stew)\n\nLove it? Share it!\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\n### Sarah Ozimek\n\nSarah is co-owner of Curious Cuisiniere and the chief researcher and recipe\ndeveloper for the site. Her love for cultural cuisines was instilled early by\nher French Canadian Grandmother. Her experience in the kitchen and in recipe\ndevelopment comes from years working in professional kitchens. She has\ntraveled extensively and enjoys bringing the flavors of her travels back to\ncreate easy-to-make recipes.\n\nTags\n\nTags\n\nQuick Bread\n\nPrevious\n\nYam Neua (Grilled Thai Beef Salad)\n\nNext\n\nCowboy Chili (Easy Texas Red Chili)\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\nBetty McIntosh\n\nWednesday 24th of February 2021\n\nHey, I was wondering. If you cook this in an iron skillet, how can you tell if\nthe bottom is too done or burning? Some have commented that they use the oven.\nDo you get the same results, and if so, what temperature is the oven set at?\nMy husband's family is Scottish, but he has never mentioned this bread. I make\nscones for him all the time. I would love to try this recipe, but I want to be\nsuccessful at it. Thank you so much for this interesting article.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nThursday 25th of February 2021\n\nHi Betty. The dough holds together well enough that you should be able to get\na spatula under it to take a peek at the bottom. We haven't done it in the\noven. But, I would try it at 350F for 20 minutes to start. (Tap the bread to\nbe sure it sounds hollow, or use a thermometer to temp it to 190F to know it's\ndone.)\n\nKen\n\nFriday 22nd of January 2021\n\nHey Sarah, may want to adjust the typo to 2 Tsps Teaspoons of Baking Powder.\nYou can fry in 1\" oil this mix too - in little dollops - can change fat to oil\nmix too.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nSaturday 23rd of January 2021\n\nHi Ken. Thanks for your comment! While 2 Tbsp (Tablespoons) may seem like a\nlot, it is correct for this recipe to get a good loft. And, you don't really\ntaste it in the final bread. If you are sensitive to the flavor of baking\nsoda, you could reduce it, but the bread may not rise as much.\n\nRaymond Murray\n\nSunday 17th of January 2021\n\nHi Sarah, Thankyou for your recipe and suggestions on cooking without a pan.\nMy ancestors and I are Scottish, by birth but I spend most of my time between\nNorthern England, North America and Serbia as my new wife is Serbian. I love\nthe outdoors in all these countries and though I had heard of Bannock bread\nfrom Ray Mears programs about 20 years ago had never tried it. And was\nsuprised to find out it was Scottish in origin. Anyhow decided to try it\ntonight indoors for a test run. And it turned out great so thanks again. Very\ntastey bread made easy without an oven. Cheers. or Slante as they say...\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nMonday 18th of January 2021\n\nSo glad you enjoyed it!\n\nLinda Weir\n\nMonday 23rd of November 2020\n\nI've lived in Ireland my whole life and this isn't a traditional bannock as I\nknow it. I'm in County Antrim the heart of Ulster/Scots country and a Bannock\nin both places is typically a round loaf always baked in the oven. It's made\nusing buttermilk and bicarbonate of soda or baking soda as a raising agent.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nSunday 6th of December 2020\n\nThanks for your comment Linda. From what I have read, the term has evolved\nover the years (decades) and in different regions. Thanks for sharing what it\nis like where you are!\n\nPedro\n\nFriday 16th of October 2020\n\nHello There. I discovered your blog using msn. That is a really well written\narticle. I will make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your\nuseful info.\n\nThank you for the post. I'll definitely comeback.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nSaturday 17th of October 2020\n\nThank you Pedro. Hope you enjoy!\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\nWelcome to Curious Cuisiniere! Our passion is exploring the history and\nheritage of food around the world. Here you will find easy-to-follow cultural\nrecipes, highlighed with info to connect you to the dishes you cook. Where\nwill you travel today?\n\nExplore recipes inspired by global flavors: Africa | Asia | Australia |\nCentral America | Europe | Middle East | North America | South America\n\nThroughout our site you will find affiliate links to products we trust. Using\nan affiliate link doesn't cost you anything, but it does help support what we\ndo in a small way. Thanks for your support of Curious Cuisinière!\n\nCurious Cuisinière's Privacy Policy\n\nCopyright © 2021 Curious Cuisiniere | Trellis Framework by Mediavine\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210625130202/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Make Bannock Bread","passages":["How to Pack a Bag Using the Ranger RollHow to Rethread a Drawstring in Less Than 60 SecondsHow to Follow the Art of ManlinessHow to Countersink a Screw","Unless you’ve spent a lot of time in the woods on longer trips, you’re probably unfamiliar with bannock. Bannock is a Gaelic-rooted word that comes from the Latin panecium, which means baked things. Add a thousand years of passing the word from Hadrian’s soldiers to Scottish ones and you see how panecium became bannock.","A bannock is a small, flat loaf of bread risen by a leavening agent, most often a chemical one, although yeasty bannocks are sometimes baked, as in a sourdough recipe. They are meant to be cooked hearth-side, whether a fireplace or a campfire. They are simple, and in the woods, simple is good. Add some honey to some simple bread and after a few days or weeks of bagels and Wasa bread, it tastes like manna from heaven. It’s hot, light, and comforting.","About twenty years ago I shared a workspace with a really cool woman. Frieda ran across an article in an old, dog-eared copy of Outdoor Life regarding dutch ovens and skillet cooking. Freida thought I would like it. She was right.","Until then I had been using a bannock recipe that came from old-style camping legend, Calvin Rutstrum. Frankly, it was a chemical bomb using horrendous amounts of baking powder and no shortening, so it was dry and metallic. If anything contains a tablespoon of baking powder, run the other way unless you like the taste of aluminum.","I took home the recipes from the article and whipped up a few batches of bannock on the stovetop. It was a vast improvement over what I had been using. What’s better is that the basic recipe is also good for pancakes, fish batter, etc. Think Bisquick or Krusteaz without 10,000% of your daily recommended dosage of salt. Sure, you can use those pre-made mixes, but this recipe is so simple, it’s a shame to subject your tastebuds to pre-packaged sodium bombs.","1 cup flour (white or a mixture of white and whole wheat) 1 tsp. baking powder 1/4 tsp. salt 1/4 cup dry milk powder 1 tbsp. shortening","Make the mix at home ahead of time. Sift dry ingredients, and cut shortening in with a pastry cutter or two knives until you have a granular, corn meal- like mixture. Package in zip-lock freezer bags. Double bag it if you’re going to be on a long trip. I’ve found that you can make large batches at once and make enough bannock mix for a trip in about fifteen minutes. Just make sure you sift the dry ingredients well, so you don’t get leavening problems.","Baking bannock is relatively simple once you get the hang of it. Your first ones will be dark and maybe burnt on the outside and gooey on the inside. Don’t despair, just pretend it’s a jelly donut and try again. The key is a consistent heat. While flames don’t indicate a bad cooking fire, red glowing fires from hardwood are best.","2. Pour some water into the bag and squoosh it around in the bag (squooshing is a technical term). Because the water and baking powder form carbon dioxide to make the bread light, the faster you go from mixing to skillet, the lighter your bannock will be. There will be lumps, of course, but we call them flavor bursts. I say “some water” because how much you add depends on the humidity and of course, personal taste. You don’t want it any thinner than a muffin consistency. If you’ve never baked a muffin, think spackle. You can distribute the dough with a poke of a finger or a stick or a spoon if you’re the civilized sort. Remember, it’s always easier to add water than take it out, right?","3. Squeeze the mix out of the bag and onto the warmed pan (not scalding hot — if the oil is smoking, it’s way too hot). The pan can be warmed over the fire if you have a grate, or leaned against a few logs near the heat source. It shouldn’t hiss or sizzle like a pancake batter...that means things are too hot. Cool it off and be patient. The bread will start to rise slowly.","4. Your bannock will start to look loaf-like. At this point you’ll want to flip your loaf. A little shake of the pan and flick of the wrist can turn it over, but a spatula is fair game too. At this point, just keep turning it. You’ll know when it’s done. It’ll look a lot like the picture here.","If you have a lid, you can try to cook your bannock dutch oven-style and put coals onto your skillet lid. Otherwise, you can turn it over to cook the top (carefully!) or else when the bottom is done, prop the pan up against a log with the top facing the fire. This is my favorite sort of “semi-reflector- oven” method. I believe it also makes a lighter bannock.","Baking bread in the wilderness is about taking the comforts of home with you and enjoying yourself, not choking down some freeze-dried Hungarian goulash that tastes like wallpaper paste. You can still eat tasty grub while getting in touch with your wild man.","Darren Bush is the owner and Chief Paddling Evangelist of Rutabaga, but he’s also an amateur blacksmith, longbow shooter, and primitive skill aficionado. He believes primitive skills are highly undervalued in modern society.","The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.","We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy"]},"parsed_md":"How to Make Bannock Bread | The Art of Manliness\n\nMenu podcast\n\n * Best Of\n * Gear\n * Gift Guides\n * Homeownership\n\nBest of Art of Manliness 2020The 5 Best AoM Podcast Episodes on Finding\nMeaning and PurposeThe Best AOM Podcast Episodes So Far in 2020The Best of Art\nof Manliness 2019\n\nAn Introduction to Grown-Man Walkie-TalkiesThe Incredible, Underrated Allen\nWrenchHow to Choose the Perfect Survival KnifeHow I Stopped Worrying and\nLearned to Love the Smartwatch\n\n7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\nGalHuckberry’s Top 15 Men’s Gift Ideas for 2020 (+Giveaway!)50 Stocking\nStuffer Ideas for MenThe 12 Days of Christmas Giveaways: Gifts Over $100\n\nHow to Properly Store Gas for DIY UseHow to Caulk Like a ProProtect Your Home\nBy Installing a Solar Timetable Light SwitchThe Biggest Key to Organizing Your\nGarage\n\nBrowse all Get Style\n\n * Fitness\n * Health\n * Program Review\n\nBro Basics: Lat PulldownsThe Herschel Walker WorkoutHow to Build a Home Gym on\nthe CheapPodcast #704: How to Keep Your Edge as You Get Older\n\nPodcast #715: What’s the Most Sustainable Diet?Podcast #708: Overcoming the\nComfort Crisis6 Lifesaving Skills Every Man Should KnowHow to Sauna: All the\nFAQs\n\nWhich Fitness Program Is Right for You?A Review of the MovNat\nWorkshopStrengthen Your Tribe: A Report on the Atomic Athlete VanguardITS\nTactical Muster Review\n\nBrowse all Get Strong\n\n * Family\n * Fatherhood\n * Relationships\n * Social Skills\n\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccountThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #448: Your Son Isn’t Lazy — How to\nEmpower Boys to SucceedHow to Tell Awesome Stories to Your Kids\n\nPodcast #717: The Fraught, Relatable Relationship Between Winston Churchill\nand His SonA Brief History of Father’s DayThe Best Quotes on Fatherhood5 Great\nPodcasts for Kids (That Are Enjoyable for Parents Too!)\n\nPodcast #707: Did You Pick the Right Partner?Podcast #702: One Man’s\nImpossible Quest — To Make Friends in AdulthoodHow to Write a Love\nLetterPodcast #670: The Hidden Tragedy of Male Loneliness\n\nPodcast #709: The Art of Conversation — A Guided Tour of a Neglected\nPleasureWhy We Like Some People and Don’t Like OthersSunday Firesides: Want to\nSolve Your Social Problems? Get Over Your SelfThe Art of Small Talk: 5\nQuestions Never to Ask\n\nBrowse all Get Social\n\n * How To\n * Manly Know-How\n * Outdoor/Survival\n\nHow to Pack a Bag Using the Ranger RollHow to Rethread a Drawstring in Less\nThan 60 SecondsHow to Follow the Art of ManlinessHow to Countersink a Screw\n\nHow to Effectively Dry Wet Shoes11 Secretive Spots to Hide Valuables in Your\nHomeA Crash Course in Real World Self-DefenseThe Simplifying Step Missing From\nYour Laundry Routine\n\nHow to Pack a Backpack for BackpackingPodcast #713: How to Predict the Weather\n(No Apps Required)9 Ways to Start a Fire Without MatchesHow to Build a\nCampfire That Will Last Through the Night\n\nBrowse all Get Skilled\n\nin: Food & Drink, Living\n\nGuest Contributor • April 4, 2011 • Last updated: June 1, 2021\n\n# Baking in the Wild: How to Make Bannock Bread\n\nEditor’s note: This is a guest post from Darren Bush.\n\nUnless you’ve spent a lot of time in the woods on longer trips, you’re\nprobably unfamiliar with bannock. Bannock is a Gaelic-rooted word that comes\nfrom the Latin panecium, which means baked things. Add a thousand years of\npassing the word from Hadrian’s soldiers to Scottish ones and you see how\npanecium became bannock.\n\nA bannock is a small, flat loaf of bread risen by a leavening agent, most\noften a chemical one, although yeasty bannocks are sometimes baked, as in a\nsourdough recipe. They are meant to be cooked hearth-side, whether a fireplace\nor a campfire. They are simple, and in the woods, simple is good. Add some\nhoney to some simple bread and after a few days or weeks of bagels and Wasa\nbread, it tastes like manna from heaven. It’s hot, light, and comforting.\n\nAbout twenty years ago I shared a workspace with a really cool woman. Frieda\nran across an article in an old, dog-eared copy of Outdoor Life regarding\ndutch ovens and skillet cooking. Freida thought I would like it. She was\nright.\n\nUntil then I had been using a bannock recipe that came from old-style camping\nlegend, Calvin Rutstrum. Frankly, it was a chemical bomb using horrendous\namounts of baking powder and no shortening, so it was dry and metallic. If\nanything contains a tablespoon of baking powder, run the other way unless you\nlike the taste of aluminum.\n\nI took home the recipes from the article and whipped up a few batches of\nbannock on the stovetop. It was a vast improvement over what I had been using.\nWhat’s better is that the basic recipe is also good for pancakes, fish batter,\netc. Think Bisquick or Krusteaz without 10,000% of your daily recommended\ndosage of salt. Sure, you can use those pre-made mixes, but this recipe is so\nsimple, it’s a shame to subject your tastebuds to pre-packaged sodium bombs.\n\n### How to Make Bannock Bread\n\nIngredients\n\n * Bannock Mix\n * Water\n\nBasic Bannock Mix\n\n1 cup flour (white or a mixture of white and whole wheat) 1 tsp. baking powder\n1/4 tsp. salt 1/4 cup dry milk powder 1 tbsp. shortening\n\nMake the mix at home ahead of time. Sift dry ingredients, and cut shortening\nin with a pastry cutter or two knives until you have a granular, corn meal-\nlike mixture. Package in zip-lock freezer bags. Double bag it if you’re going\nto be on a long trip. I’ve found that you can make large batches at once and\nmake enough bannock mix for a trip in about fifteen minutes. Just make sure\nyou sift the dry ingredients well, so you don’t get leavening problems.\n\nDirections\n\nBaking bannock is relatively simple once you get the hang of it. Your first\nones will be dark and maybe burnt on the outside and gooey on the inside.\nDon’t despair, just pretend it’s a jelly donut and try again. The key is a\nconsistent heat. While flames don’t indicate a bad cooking fire, red glowing\nfires from hardwood are best.\n\n1\\. Start with a small cast iron frying pan and oil it well.\n\n2\\. Pour some water into the bag and squoosh it around in the bag (squooshing\nis a technical term). Because the water and baking powder form carbon dioxide\nto make the bread light, the faster you go from mixing to skillet, the lighter\nyour bannock will be. There will be lumps, of course, but we call them flavor\nbursts. I say “some water” because how much you add depends on the humidity\nand of course, personal taste. You don’t want it any thinner than a muffin\nconsistency. If you’ve never baked a muffin, think spackle. You can distribute\nthe dough with a poke of a finger or a stick or a spoon if you’re the\ncivilized sort. Remember, it’s always easier to add water than take it out,\nright?\n\n3\\. Squeeze the mix out of the bag and onto the warmed pan (not scalding hot —\nif the oil is smoking, it’s way too hot). The pan can be warmed over the fire\nif you have a grate, or leaned against a few logs near the heat source. It\nshouldn’t hiss or sizzle like a pancake batter...that means things are too\nhot. Cool it off and be patient. The bread will start to rise slowly.\n\n4\\. Your bannock will start to look loaf-like. At this point you’ll want to\nflip your loaf. A little shake of the pan and flick of the wrist can turn it\nover, but a spatula is fair game too. At this point, just keep turning it.\nYou’ll know when it’s done. It’ll look a lot like the picture here.\n\nIf you have a lid, you can try to cook your bannock dutch oven-style and put\ncoals onto your skillet lid. Otherwise, you can turn it over to cook the top\n(carefully!) or else when the bottom is done, prop the pan up against a log\nwith the top facing the fire. This is my favorite sort of “semi-reflector-\noven” method. I believe it also makes a lighter bannock.\n\nBaking bread in the wilderness is about taking the comforts of home with you\nand enjoying yourself, not choking down some freeze-dried Hungarian goulash\nthat tastes like wallpaper paste. You can still eat tasty grub while getting\nin touch with your wild man.\n\n___________________________________________________________________________________\n\nDarren Bush is the owner and Chief Paddling Evangelist of Rutabaga, but he’s\nalso an amateur blacksmith, longbow shooter, and primitive skill aficionado.\nHe believes primitive skills are highly undervalued in modern society.\n\n### Related Articles\n\nTags: Recipes\n\nPrevious Next\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\n\nJoin the Strenuous Life\n\nLearn More\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nPodcast #358\n\n###### The Stranger in the Woods — The Story of the Last True Hermit\n\nPodcast #717\n\n###### The Fraught, Relatable Relationship Between Winston Churchill and His\nSon\n\nPodcast #716\n\n###### How to Make Your Life More Effortless\n\nPodcast #715\n\n###### What’s the Most Sustainable Diet?\n\nView all\n\nRelated\n\nArticles///\n\n### Why Every Man Should Have 3 Signature Dishes\n\n### 18 Things Every Man Should Do This Summer\n\n### The Best Order to Stack Your Burger Toppings\n\n### How to Create a Soundtrack for Your Life\n\nView all\n\nTake action today\n\nJoin The Strenuous Life\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\n\n * Contact\n * Legal\n * About\n * All Topics\n * Archives\n\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\nAoM.\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkPrivacy policy\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030013022/https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Bannock or Fry Bread\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Bannock is bread in its simplest form, made in various forms by First Nations communities across Canada (and North America) with a simple dough of flour, baking powder, oil or lard and water – baked in the oven to supplement your morning coffee or evening stew, wound around a stick to cook over an open fire, or torn off in a ball and patted thin, then fried in lard or oil in a hot skillet until golden and crisp on both sides.\",\n \"I learned to make fry bread (or frybread – fried bannock) in thin rounds, shaped by hand with a hole in the middle, by a few women from nations in the Blackfoot Confederacy – the bread cooks quickly and evenly in a hot skillet in this flattened doughnut shape, and won’t stay doughy inside. Using a pan gives a quick crusty exterior on both sides, without the need to turn on the oven. And I’ve been known to mix up a batch of dough and cook a few at a time, saving myself from having an entire batch warm all at once. They’re divine warm from the skillet with blueberry-rhubarb-saskatoon jam spiked with maple syrup.\",\n \"The recipe itself, while similar to most other bannock recipes out there, came from Wanuskewin Heritage Park in Saskatoon, where we wound the dough back and forth around the tines of long metal forks to bake over hot coals in the middle of the afternoon. (I halved it – the original made a lot, but feel free to double it if you want more than about a dozen fry breads.)\",\n \"Tear open and slather with jam, or dunk in soup or chili or stew. I made a quick jam with some frozen wild blueberries and saskatoons from the freezer, and a couple chopped stalks of rhubarb, and about half as much sugar as there was fruit in the pot (plus a generous glug of maple syrup), brought to a boil and simmered until it thickened and became jam-like. Because making jam shouldn’t be scary.\",\n \"In a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a hollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is formed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about ten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce the top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or until golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\",\n \"Alternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open fire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat into a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy skillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm. Makes about 1 dozen breads.\",\n \"In a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a hollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is formed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about ten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce the top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or until golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\",\n \"Alternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open fire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat into a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy skillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm. Makes about 1 dozen breads.\",\n \"Oh boy, I think this just might be my next Great Canadian cooking adventure!...Canada Day for sure. Thanks Julie. Have tried and tried to make a decent gluten-free version that will wrap around a stick for over the fire but so far no luck.\",\n \"I’ve made bannock with Robin hood and a few other gluten free flours mine turned out fine. I have also made my husband’s family’s roll cookie (which is not a cookie, but a bread similar to bannock) which turned out great\",\n \"I grew up with them being called puffs: though they were yeast bread deep fried after pulling a golf ball size off the dough and stretching it. Served with round steak and boiled onions for Sunday breakfast. Alexandria, Virginia. (though my rogue Calif husband shocked the family by requesting jam with his)\",\n \"I love that you posted this on the eve of National Aboriginal Day – honouring our founding mothers and fathers. Great job!\",\n \"I just had to tell you that this is my go to bannock recipe. I fry it in my cast-iron. When I finally got the size and fry time down....these things are so darn good!!\",\n \"Cook, cookbook author, writer, eater. Food columnist on CBC radio, contributing food editor for the Globe + Mail. Pulse enthusiast. ❤️ feeding people.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Bannock or Fry Bread - Dinner With Julie\\n\\nbread\\n\\n## Bannock or Fry Bread\\n\\nStandardJune 20, 2017by Julie14 Comments\\n\\nBannock is bread in its simplest form, made in various forms by First Nations\\ncommunities across Canada (and North America) with a simple dough of flour,\\nbaking powder, oil or lard and water – baked in the oven to supplement your\\nmorning coffee or evening stew, wound around a stick to cook over an open\\nfire, or torn off in a ball and patted thin, then fried in lard or oil in a\\nhot skillet until golden and crisp on both sides.\\n\\nI learned to make fry bread (or frybread – fried bannock) in thin rounds,\\nshaped by hand with a hole in the middle, by a few women from nations in the\\nBlackfoot Confederacy – the bread cooks quickly and evenly in a hot skillet in\\nthis flattened doughnut shape, and won’t stay doughy inside. Using a pan gives\\na quick crusty exterior on both sides, without the need to turn on the oven.\\nAnd I’ve been known to mix up a batch of dough and cook a few at a time,\\nsaving myself from having an entire batch warm all at once. They’re divine\\nwarm from the skillet with blueberry-rhubarb-saskatoon jam spiked with maple\\nsyrup.\\n\\nThe recipe itself, while similar to most other bannock recipes out there, came\\nfrom Wanuskewin Heritage Park in Saskatoon, where we wound the dough back and\\nforth around the tines of long metal forks to bake over hot coals in the\\nmiddle of the afternoon. (I halved it – the original made a lot, but feel free\\nto double it if you want more than about a dozen fry breads.)\\n\\nTear. Pat. Poke. Fry.\\n\\nTear open and slather with jam, or dunk in soup or chili or stew. I made a\\nquick jam with some frozen wild blueberries and saskatoons from the freezer,\\nand a couple chopped stalks of rhubarb, and about half as much sugar as there\\nwas fruit in the pot (plus a generous glug of maple syrup), brought to a boil\\nand simmered until it thickened and became jam-like. Because making jam\\nshouldn’t be scary.\\n\\n## Bannock or Fry Bread\\n\\nAuthorJulie\\n\\n3 cups all-purpose flour\\n\\n1 Tbsp baking powder\\n\\n1 tsp sugar\\n\\n1/2 tsp salt\\n\\n1/4 cup canola or other mild vegetable oil\\n\\n1 cup water\\n\\nlard or additional canola oil, for cooking\\n\\n1\\n\\nIn a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a\\nhollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is\\nformed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about\\nten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce\\nthe top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or\\nuntil golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\\n\\n2\\n\\nAlternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open\\nfire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat\\ninto a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy\\nskillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm.\\nMakes about 1 dozen breads.\\n\\nCategorybread\\n\\n## Ingredients\\n\\n3 cups all-purpose flour\\n\\n1 Tbsp baking powder\\n\\n1 tsp sugar\\n\\n1/2 tsp salt\\n\\n1/4 cup canola or other mild vegetable oil\\n\\n1 cup water\\n\\nlard or additional canola oil, for cooking\\n\\n## Directions\\n\\n1\\n\\nIn a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a\\nhollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is\\nformed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about\\nten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce\\nthe top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or\\nuntil golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\\n\\n2\\n\\nAlternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open\\nfire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat\\ninto a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy\\nskillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm.\\nMakes about 1 dozen breads.\\n\\nBannock or Fry Bread\\n\\nIngredientsDirections\\n\\nbread\\n\\nShare\\n\\n * 6\\n\\n#### About Julie\\n\\n##### Previous post\\n\\nBroccoli Rubble (with Other Things)\\n\\n##### Next post\\n\\nSmashed Salad\\n\\n#### You May Also Like\\n\\nbread, snacks\\n\\n#### Screaming Doughnuts\\n\\nStandardOctober 27, 2020by Julie0 Comments\\n\\ncake\\n\\n#### Jan’s Chocolate Celebration Cake\\n\\nStandardOctober 26, 2020by Julie12 Comments\\n\\nchicken & turkey, sandwiches\\n\\n#### Blog Flog: Grilled Turkey Shawarma\\n\\nStandardOctober 16, 2020by Julie3 Comments\\n\\ndessert\\n\\n#### Blackberry-Plum Friand\\n\\nStandardSeptember 19, 2020by Julie11 Comments\\n\\nvegetables, vegetarian\\n\\n#### Crispy Crushed Potatoes\\n\\nStandardSeptember 5, 2020by Julie9 Comments\\n\\ndessert, pie\\n\\n#### Blog Flog: Summer Fruit Pandowdy\\n\\nStandardAugust 29, 2020by Julie2 Comments\\n\\nleftovers\\n\\n#### Calgary Green Cart: Composting Kitchen Scraps\\n\\nStandardAugust 18, 2020by Julie4 Comments\\n\\ndessert, pie\\n\\n#### Blog Flog: Saskatoon (or Blueberry) Tarts\\n\\nStandardAugust 2, 2020by Julie0 Comments\\n\\nbread, breakfast, snacks\\n\\n#### Blog Flog: Blueberry Corn Fritters\\n\\nStandardAugust 1, 2020by Julie3 Comments\\n\\n## 14 comments on “Bannock or Fry Bread”\\n\\n 1. Vivian\\n\\nJune 20, 2017 at 11:09 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nOh boy, I think this just might be my next Great Canadian cooking\\nadventure!...Canada Day for sure. Thanks Julie. Have tried and tried to make a\\ndecent gluten-free version that will wrap around a stick for over the fire but\\nso far no luck.\\n\\n * Julie\\n\\nJune 21, 2017 at 10:26 am #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nYeah, gluten free bread is so tricky – have you tried using a gluten-free\\nflour blend?\\n\\n * Edna\\n\\nJune 30, 2017 at 5:36 pm #\\n\\nI’ve made bannock with Robin hood and a few other gluten free flours mine\\nturned out fine. I have also made my husband’s family’s roll cookie (which is\\nnot a cookie, but a bread similar to bannock) which turned out great\\n\\n * Julie\\n\\nJuly 2, 2017 at 8:51 pm #\\n\\nGood to hear it Edna!\\n\\n 2. Lisa\\n\\nJune 22, 2017 at 4:39 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nI grew up with them being called puffs: though they were yeast bread deep\\nfried after pulling a golf ball size off the dough and stretching it. Served\\nwith round steak and boiled onions for Sunday breakfast. Alexandria, Virginia.\\n(though my rogue Calif husband shocked the family by requesting jam with his)\\n\\n * Julie\\n\\nJune 26, 2017 at 9:38 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nWow – with steak and boiled onions for breakfast! Amazing!\\n\\n 3. Carolyn\\n\\nJune 22, 2017 at 4:39 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nI love that you posted this on the eve of National Aboriginal Day – honouring\\nour founding mothers and fathers. Great job!\\n\\n * Julie\\n\\nJune 26, 2017 at 9:37 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\n🙂\\n\\n 4. heather davey\\n\\nJune 27, 2017 at 1:30 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nI love your blog, so I’ve nominated you for the Blogger Recognition Award!\\nhttps://smallsuitcases.me/2017/06/27/blogger-recognition-award/\\n\\n 5. mixer roti\\n\\nAugust 22, 2017 at 8:43 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nthis is verry good\\n\\n 6. Candice\\n\\nNovember 28, 2017 at 4:29 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nI just had to tell you that this is my go to bannock recipe. I fry it in my\\ncast-iron. When I finally got the size and fry time down....these things are\\nso darn good!!\\n\\n * Julie\\n\\nNovember 29, 2017 at 2:11 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nSo great to hear! And yes, cast iron really is the best for bannock!\\n\\n 7. Harlen\\n\\nApril 14, 2018 at 4:26 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nBannock mechanic powers initiate!\\n\\n * Harlen\\n\\nApril 15, 2018 at 5:30 pm #\\n\\nReply\\n\\nBut shouldn’t it be warm water?\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel Reply\\n\\nClear\\n\\n### instagram\\n\\n### dinnerwithjulie\\n\\nCook, cookbook author, writer, eater. Food columnist on CBC radio,\\ncontributing food editor for the Globe + Mail. Pulse enthusiast. ❤️ feeding\\npeople.\\n\\nSuch a beautiful spot.. no need for a filter.\\n\\nBig huge congrats to @jannisescott1 for winning go\\n\\nIt’s been an extremely weird week, and such a st\\n\\nW and I make chocolate chip cookies together on th\\n\\nA good day to have a pot of beans simmering on the\\n\\nEveryone’s telling me this should be an artsy al\\n\\nI’ve made this squashy red lentil dal twice this\\n\\nJust had another meeting to discuss a sustainable,\\n\\nThis error message is only visible to WordPress admins\\n\\nError: There is no connected account for the user 10628115 Feed will not\\nupdate.\\n\\n### I have a newsletter!\\n\\n### looking for a recipe?\\n\\n * 129\\n\\nappetizers\\n\\n * 68\\n\\nbeans\\n\\n * 61\\n\\nbeef & bison\\n\\n * 21\\n\\nbeverages\\n\\n * 144\\n\\nbread\\n\\n * 163\\n\\nbreakfast\\n\\n * 94\\n\\ncake\\n\\n * 49\\n\\ncheese\\n\\n * 79\\n\\nchicken & turkey\\n\\n * 122\\n\\ncookies & squares\\n\\n * 183\\n\\ndessert\\n\\n * 103\\n\\neating out\\n\\n * 29\\n\\neggs\\n\\n * 18\\n\\nfish\\n\\n * 42\\n\\ngrains\\n\\n * 19\\n\\nlamb\\n\\n * 194\\n\\nleftovers\\n\\n * 40\\n\\non the grill\\n\\n * 137\\n\\none dish\\n\\n * 78\\n\\npasta\\n\\n * 89\\n\\npie\\n\\n * 58\\n\\npork\\n\\n * 62\\n\\npreserves\\n\\n * 73\\n\\nsalads\\n\\n * 42\\n\\nsandwiches\\n\\n * 28\\n\\nseafood\\n\\n * 21\\n\\nslow cooker\\n\\n * 105\\n\\nsnacks\\n\\n * 79\\n\\nsoup\\n\\n * 10\\n\\nstews & braises\\n\\n * 51\\n\\nsweet stuff\\n\\n * 74\\n\\nvegetables\\n\\n * 156\\n\\nvegetarian\\n\\n * 0\\n\\nvideo\\n\\n### Find my recipes from the Calgary Eyeopener!\\n\\n### in the archives\\n\\n### Receive new posts by email\\n\\n### Join me over on Facebook!\\n\\n> Join me over on Facebook!\\n\\n * Home\\n * Recipes\\n * Recipe Index\\n * Meet Julie\\n * Cookbooks\\n * Events\\n * Pods\\n * Writing\\n\\nDinner With Julie © All Rights Reserved | Website by Curious Communications\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606184829/https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"“Bannock”; it’s not just a made-up word that shows up as a stumbling block in a sixth-grade spelling bee. It’s the original North American camping bread with heritage attributed to native northern tribes such as the Nunavut and the Cree.\",\n \"Bannock ingredients are simple and exceedingly portable. It can be quickly prepared in camp and cooked over an open fire by any of several methods. It’s not a high-rise yeast bread, but acquires some loft usually from a chemical leavening.\",\n \"Recipes for mixing up a batch of bannock are pretty standard. Flour, salt, and baking powder are the universal dry ingredients. Some recipes add a little bit of sugar and/or powdered milk. Also required are a bit of shortening and some water. The recipe that follows provides basic proportions, but experiment until you find what works just right for you.\",\n \"For camping trips...whether deep into the wilderness or a few feet from your car... you can premix the dry ingredients in proper proportions and store it in zippered plastic bags. If you don’t put too many miles on them before you use them, these bags can serve as mixing vessels for your bannock dough as well.\",\n \"Most traditionally, bannock is made plain and served alongside wild game meats or other foods foraged along the route or near camp. However, it’s natural for adding a bit of sweetness by including a handful of raisins, dried cranberries or even fresh blueberries in the dough. Butter, honey, and jam all go great on bannock.\",\n \"Bannocks biggest controversy is in the “authentic” way to cook it over a campfire. There are three basic options. If I have the luxury of a cast iron skillet (here’s our favorite) and a little oil, my favorite way of preparing bannock is rolling the dough into discs just thicker than 1⁄2-inch and frying it to a golden brown. You can also sort of bake it in the skillet using reflected heat, which is slow, but works pretty well and gives you more of a rise on the loaf. Also – when it comes time to clean that skillet, here’s the best way to do it.\",\n \"However, if you’re working from a pack on your back, cast iron’s too damn heavy to tote. So, you can either form a loaf and bake it in several layers of aluminum foil on the low heat of old coals (or buried in a pit of coals) or you can form long strips of dough about 3/8 of an inch thick and an inch wide and wrap them around the end of a green stick. You then carefully bake the dough over the coals and low flame much like you’re toasting a marshmallow.\",\n \"Bannock is storied as the preferred camping bread of famous folks like Lewis & Clark, Kit Carson, Daniel Boone and many others, so next time you’re looking to mix a history lesson with your camping trip, whip up some bannock to go along with your beans...the whole crew will be glad you did.\",\n \"If you’re into bannock, you probably practice a whole slew of outdoor skills and should check out the new full tang Morakniv Bushcraft.\",\n \"Keep adding water and mixing until you get a good kneadable dough consistency. DO NOT make it a thin batter.\",\n \"Turn out the dough onto a floured flat surface (another plastic bag or waxed paper) and knead for a minute or two.\",\n \"This website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok with this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Cookie settingsACCEPT\",\n \"This website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate through the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as necessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of basic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that help us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be stored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to opt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an effect on your browsing experience.\",\n \"Necessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function properly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic functionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not store any personal information.\",\n \"Any cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function and is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads, other embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory to procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods - 50\\nCampfires\\n\\n * Share The Fire\\n * Submit Your Tips & Tricks\\n * Submit Camping Recipes\\n * Manufacturers : Gear Reviews\\n\\n## 50 Campfires The Camping Authority\\n\\n# Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods\\n\\nPosted by: 50 Campfires in Camp Cooking, Lunch & Dinner\\n\\n“Bannock”; it’s not just a made-up word that shows up as a stumbling block in\\na sixth-grade spelling bee. It’s the original North American camping bread\\nwith heritage attributed to native northern tribes such as the Nunavut and the\\nCree.\\n\\nBannock ingredients are simple and exceedingly portable. It can be quickly\\nprepared in camp and cooked over an open fire by any of several methods. It’s\\nnot a high-rise yeast bread, but acquires some loft usually from a chemical\\nleavening.\\n\\nRecipes for mixing up a batch of bannock are pretty standard. Flour, salt, and\\nbaking powder are the universal dry ingredients. Some recipes add a little bit\\nof sugar and/or powdered milk. Also required are a bit of shortening and some\\nwater. The recipe that follows provides basic proportions, but experiment\\nuntil you find what works just right for you.\\n\\nFor camping trips...whether deep into the wilderness or a few feet from your\\ncar... you can premix the dry ingredients in proper proportions and store it\\nin zippered plastic bags. If you don’t put too many miles on them before you\\nuse them, these bags can serve as mixing vessels for your bannock dough as\\nwell.\\n\\nMost traditionally, bannock is made plain and served alongside wild game meats\\nor other foods foraged along the route or near camp. However, it’s natural for\\nadding a bit of sweetness by including a handful of raisins, dried cranberries\\nor even fresh blueberries in the dough. Butter, honey, and jam all go great on\\nbannock.\\n\\nThree ways to cook bannock\\n\\nBannocks biggest controversy is in the “authentic” way to cook it over a\\ncampfire. There are three basic options. If I have the luxury of a cast iron\\nskillet (here’s our favorite) and a little oil, my favorite way of preparing\\nbannock is rolling the dough into discs just thicker than 1⁄2-inch and frying\\nit to a golden brown. You can also sort of bake it in the skillet using\\nreflected heat, which is slow, but works pretty well and gives you more of a\\nrise on the loaf. Also – when it comes time to clean that skillet, here’s the\\nbest way to do it.\\n\\nHowever, if you’re working from a pack on your back, cast iron’s too damn\\nheavy to tote. So, you can either form a loaf and bake it in several layers of\\naluminum foil on the low heat of old coals (or buried in a pit of coals) or\\nyou can form long strips of dough about 3/8 of an inch thick and an inch wide\\nand wrap them around the end of a green stick. You then carefully bake the\\ndough over the coals and low flame much like you’re toasting a marshmallow.\\n\\nBannock is storied as the preferred camping bread of famous folks like Lewis &\\nClark, Kit Carson, Daniel Boone and many others, so next time you’re looking\\nto mix a history lesson with your camping trip, whip up some bannock to go\\nalong with your beans...the whole crew will be glad you did.\\n\\nIf you’re into bannock, you probably practice a whole slew of outdoor skills\\nand should check out the new full tang Morakniv Bushcraft.\\n\\nBasic Bannock Recipe\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nIngredients\\n\\n * 3 cups all-purpose or whole wheat flour\\n * 1 tsp. salt\\n * 2 Tbsp. baking powder\\n * 1⁄2 cup powdered milk\\n * 1 tsp. sugar\\n * 1⁄4 cup shortening (lard, bacon grease, melted butter, canola oil)\\n * 2 cups water (approximately)\\n * Additional oil if you’ll be frying in a skillet or Dutch Oven\\n\\nInstructions\\n\\n 1. Mix dry ingredients well in large bowl or zipper close plastic bag.\\n 2. Add shortening; work it into dry ingredients until you get an even meal consistency.\\n 3. Add about half of the water and start to stir and mix with a fork.\\n 4. Keep adding water and mixing until you get a good kneadable dough consistency. DO NOT make it a thin batter.\\n 5. Turn out the dough onto a floured flat surface (another plastic bag or waxed paper) and knead for a minute or two.\\n 6. Press into paddies about 3⁄4-inch thick for frying or a general loaf shape for baking.\\n 7. Cook until a deep golden brown on both sides, and a toothpick inserted in center comes out clean.\\n\\n3.3.3077\\n\\nPhoto courtesy of Dan McKay.\\n\\ncomments\\n\\nBannock Bread campfire recipe camping bread camping recipes 2015-12-29\\n\\n50 Campfires\\n\\n * tweet\\n\\nTagged with: Bannock Bread campfire recipe camping bread camping recipes\\n\\nPrevious: Northern Tool Kindling Cracker: Review\\n\\nNext: The Best Camping Gear for Dogs\\n\\n### You May Also Like\\n\\n### 21 Gifts For The Outdoor Foodie On Your List\\n\\n### 27 Grilled Kebab Recipes That Will Make Your Mouth Water\\n\\n### Campfire Crescent Rolls On A Stick\\n\\n### Grilled Peaches with Honey Cinnamon Ricotta\\n\\n### Pickled Stuff – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods\\n\\n### Campfire Recipes From Carolina Lowcountry\\n\\n### 21 S’mores Inspired Recipes That Are Next Level\\n\\n### Super Delicious Dutch Oven Campfire Beans\\n\\n### Mountain Man Dutch Oven Breakfast\\n\\n### 5 Easy Camping Meals Inspired By The Sun\\n\\n### Bacon Filled Smoked Stuffed Peppers\\n\\n### To Die For Smoked Ribs\\n\\n#### CAMP COOKING\\n\\n#### Gear\\n\\n#### Camping Tips\\n\\n * ### 5 Tips For A Successful Fish Fry\\n\\n * ### 7 Bear Safety Tips You Need To Know\\n\\n * ### Tips For Backyard Camping With Kids\\n\\n * ### Best Road Trip Apps 2020\\n\\n * ### How Do Survival Tactics Change in the Winter?\\n\\n#### Camping Recipes\\n\\n#### Camp with us on Facebook\\n\\nMedia Kit\\n\\nPrivacy Policy\\n\\n© Copyright 2021 50 Campfires, LLC\\n\\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok\\nwith this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Cookie settingsACCEPT\\n\\nPrivacy & Cookies Policy\\n\\n#### Privacy Overview\\n\\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate\\nthrough the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as\\nnecessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of\\nbasic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that\\nhelp us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be\\nstored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to\\nopt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an\\neffect on your browsing experience.\\n\\nNecessary\\n\\nAlways Enabled\\n\\nNecessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function\\nproperly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic\\nfunctionalities and security features of the website. These cookies do not\\nstore any personal information.\\n\\nNon-necessary\\n\\nAny cookies that may not be particularly necessary for the website to function\\nand is used specifically to collect user personal data via analytics, ads,\\nother embedded contents are termed as non-necessary cookies. It is mandatory\\nto procure user consent prior to running these cookies on your website.\\n\\nSAVE & ACCEPT\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://anitalianinmykitchen.com/bannock/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210909001445/https://anitalianinmykitchen.com/bannock/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150 Recipe\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I decided I had to include one of Canada’s Native Peoples recipes. Without getting into the political surrounding of our not so wonderful treatment of our First Nations, I would like to tell you a bit about the origin of Bannock, this simple fried bread.\",\n \"Bannock was originally brought to North America by Scottish explorers and traders. Indigenous people in particular Métis adopted bannock in their cuisine in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries probably after their encounters with Scottish fur traders.\",\n \"As a result, even today many Métis and aboriginal western Canadians often prepare this dish. In western Canada, bannock is much more associated with native and Métis culture than with its Scottish roots.\",\n \"With very few ingredients and easy to make Bannock is perfect as an accompaniment with a meal or even for Breakfast. It is often made when camping and it has been used as a staple food for wilderness explorers, trappers, and prospectors for centuries.\",\n \"Whisk the dry ingredients before adding the oil and water. I used olive oil but vegetable oil is more traditional.\",\n \"Do not over knead, this is not a yeast dough, and will be a little sticky, so therefore extra flour is not needed.\",\n \"I hope you decide to give this simple yeast free bread a try and let me know what you think. Enjoy!\",\n \"Easy Bannock Bread, a simple fried bread, fast and easy and so delicious, no yeast, the perfect camping, breakfast or side dish.\",\n \"Then add the olive oil and whisk together with a fork, gradually add water and stir until the dough almost holds together. Move to a lightly floured flat surface and gently knead about 10 times just until the dough comes together (the dough will be sticky, do not overknead).\",\n \"Divide into 5 balls and flatten with the palm of your hand. Fry in hot oil (350F/175C)on medium heat (enough to cover the bottom of a medium frying pan), until golden brown on both sides (and cooked on the inside). Drain on a paper towel lined plate and eat warm or at room temperature. Enjoy!\",\n \"Calories: 208kcal | Carbohydrates: 38g | Protein: 5g | Fat: 3g | Sodium: 236mg | Potassium: 215mg | Fiber: 1g | Calcium: 77mg | Iron: 2.4mg\",\n \"Living in Italy I learned to cook authentic Italian dishes using whole ingredients, fresh veggies and delicious spices. So take a seat and have a taste! Read More\",\n \"To help personalize content, measure adverts and provide a safer experience, we use cookies. By giving consent, you agree to allow us to collect information through cookies.OkNoRead more\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150 Recipe - An Italian in my Kitchen\\n\\n * Home\\n * About\\n * Contact\\n * Disclosure/Privacy\\n * Recipe Index\\n\\nCheck Out My New Site: All Things Bread 🍞\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Me – Rosemary Molloy\\n\\n * Contact\\n * Disclosure/Privacy\\n * Recipes\\n * Ingredient\\n\\n * Beef\\n * Chicken\\n * Chocolate\\n * Eggs\\n * Fish & Seafood\\n * fruit\\n * Pasta\\n * Pork\\n * Potatoes\\n * Vegetables\\n * Course\\n\\n * Drinks\\n * Breakfast / Brunch\\n * Lunch\\n * Appetizers & Snacks\\n * Main Dish\\n * Side Dishes\\n * Snacks\\n * Pasta\\n * Casseroles & Bakes\\n * Pizza / Bread\\n * Salads\\n * Soups & Stews\\n * Desserts\\n\\n * Cookies & Bars\\n * Donuts & Pastries\\n * Frostings & Glazes\\n * Homemade Candy\\n * Ice Cream & Frozen Desserts\\n * Muffins & Sweet Breads\\n * No-Bake Desserts\\n * Tarts & Pies\\n * Seasons\\n\\n * Christmas\\n * Easter\\n * Fall/Winter\\n * Halloween\\n * Thanksgiving\\n * American Favorites\\n\\n * Appetizers & Snacks\\n * Breakfast / Brunch\\n * Drinks\\n * Lunch\\n * Main Dish\\n * Desserts\\n * Side Dishes\\n\\nCheck Out My New Site: All Things Bread 🍞\\n\\n↑\\n\\nAn Italian in my Kitchen\\n\\nAuthentic Italian Recipes\\n\\nHome » Popular » Bread & Yeast Breads » Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating\\n#Canada150\\n\\n# Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150\\n\\nLast Updated June 23, 2021. Published June 22, 2019 By Rosemary 38 Comments\\n\\n#### Share\\n\\nShare\\n\\nPin\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nJump to Recipe\\n\\nA simple and easy fried bread recipe. Bannock a traditional Indigenous Bread\\nmade modern.\\n\\n## Easy Bannock Bread\\n\\nI originally shared this recipe two years ago when Canada was celebrating 150\\nyears.\\n\\nI decided I had to include one of Canada’s Native Peoples recipes. Without\\ngetting into the political surrounding of our not so wonderful treatment of\\nour First Nations, I would like to tell you a bit about the origin of Bannock,\\nthis simple fried bread.\\n\\n## The Origin of Bannock Bread\\n\\nBannock was originally brought to North America by Scottish explorers and\\ntraders. Indigenous people in particular Métis adopted bannock in their\\ncuisine in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries probably after their\\nencounters with Scottish fur traders.\\n\\nAs a result, even today many Métis and aboriginal western Canadians often\\nprepare this dish. In western Canada, bannock is much more associated with\\nnative and Métis culture than with its Scottish roots.\\n\\nWith very few ingredients and easy to make Bannock is perfect as an\\naccompaniment with a meal or even for Breakfast. It is often made when camping\\nand it has been used as a staple food for wilderness explorers, trappers, and\\nprospectors for centuries.\\n\\nA few tips in making this Easy Bannock Bread tasty and something you will\\nenjoy often.\\n\\n## Tips for making the Best Bannock Bread\\n\\n * Whisk the dry ingredients before adding the oil and water. I used olive oil but vegetable oil is more traditional.\\n * Bring the dough together with a fork.\\n * Move the Bannock dough to a lightly floured surface and knead only until the dough comes together.\\n * Do not over knead, this is not a yeast dough, and will be a little sticky, so therefore extra flour is not needed.\\n\\n * Break off pieces of dough and flatten with the palm of your hand.\\n * Fry in hot oil on medium heat until golden brown and then turn to brown on the other side.\\n * Drain on paper towels.\\n * Eat warm or room temperature.\\n\\nThis type of bread should be eaten as soon as possible and not stored.\\n\\n## More delicious No Yeast Breads\\n\\nNo Yeast Pizza Dough\\n\\nIrish Soda Bread\\n\\nItalian Flat Bread\\n\\nThin Crispy Focaccia\\n\\nI hope you decide to give this simple yeast free bread a try and let me know\\nwhat you think. Enjoy!\\n\\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe Rate Recipe\\n\\n4.56 from 36 votes\\n\\n## Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150\\n\\nEasy Bannock Bread, a simple fried bread, fast and easy and so delicious, no\\nyeast, the perfect camping, breakfast or side dish.\\n\\nPrevent your screen from going dark\\n\\nFollow me on Youtube!Watch the videos and don't forget to subscribe on\\nYoutube!\\n\\nCourse Bread and Pizza, Breakfast, Side Dish\\n\\nCuisine American\\n\\nPrep Time 10 minutes\\n\\nCook Time 15 minutes\\n\\nTotal Time 25 minutes\\n\\nServings 5 servings\\n\\nCalories 208kcal\\n\\nAuthor Rosemary Molloy\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 2 cups flour (260 grams)\\n * 2 teaspoons baking powder\\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt\\n * 1 tablespoon olive oil or vegetable oil\\n * 3/4 cup water (175 grams)\\n * vegetable oil for frying\\n\\n### Instructions\\n\\n * In a large bowl whisk together the flour, salt and baking powder.\\n\\n * Then add the olive oil and whisk together with a fork, gradually add water and stir until the dough almost holds together. Move to a lightly floured flat surface and gently knead about 10 times just until the dough comes together (the dough will be sticky, do not overknead).\\n\\n * Divide into 5 balls and flatten with the palm of your hand. Fry in hot oil (350F/175C)on medium heat (enough to cover the bottom of a medium frying pan), until golden brown on both sides (and cooked on the inside). Drain on a paper towel lined plate and eat warm or at room temperature. Enjoy!\\n\\n### Notes\\n\\nDo not cook on too high a heat or they will only cook on the outside.\\n\\n### Nutrition\\n\\nCalories: 208kcal | Carbohydrates: 38g | Protein: 5g | Fat: 3g | Sodium: 236mg\\n| Potassium: 215mg | Fiber: 1g | Calcium: 77mg | Iron: 2.4mg\\n\\nTried this recipe?Mention @anitalianinmykitchen or tag #anitalianinmykitchen!\\n\\nUpdated from June 29, 2017.\\n\\n#### Share\\n\\nShare\\n\\nPin\\n\\nEmail\\n\\n### Related\\n\\n##### FREE EMAIL BONUS\\n\\n#### 3 Secrets to Authentic Italian Pizza!\\n\\nCrust, sauce, toppings. Bold flavors. Forget everything you think you know\\nabout pizza.\\n\\nWe won't send you spam. Unsubscribe at any time.\\n\\nFiled Under: American Favorites, Bread & Yeast Breads, Fall/Winter, Grilling &\\nBBQ, Lunch, Main Dish, Most Posts, Side Dishes, Summer\\n\\n#### Hi, I'm Rosemary.\\n\\nLiving in Italy I learned to cook authentic Italian dishes using whole\\ningredients, fresh veggies and delicious spices. So take a seat and have a\\ntaste! Read More\\n\\n##### Subscribe today\\n\\n#### Never Miss a Recipe!\\n\\n#### Fall & Winter Recipes\\n\\n## Easy Pumpkin Butter\\n\\n## Creamy Broccoli Potato Casserole\\n\\n## Easy Apple Crisp Recipe\\n\\n## Orange Crescent Cookies\\n\\n## Pasta e Fagioli / Pasta and Beans\\n\\n## Roasted cauliflower\\n\\n#### Readers Favorite Trending Recipes\\n\\n * Best Pizza Dough Recipe\\n * Homemade Potato Gnocchi Recipe\\n * 10 Minute Homemade Puff Pastry + Recipes\\n * Authentic Bolognese Sauce\\n\\n#### Ingredients.\\n\\n * Beef\\n * Chicken\\n * Chocolate\\n * Eggs\\n * Fish & Seafood\\n * Pasta\\n * Pork\\n\\n#### Course.\\n\\n * Appetizers & Snacks\\n * Breakfast / Brunch\\n * Drinks\\n * Lunch\\n * Main Dish\\n\\n#### Browse.\\n\\n * About Me – Rosemary Molloy\\n * Contact\\n * Disclosure/Privacy\\n * Recipe Index\\n\\nCopyright ©2021, An Italian in my Kitchen. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\nDesign by Pixel Me Designs\\n\\nTo help personalize content, measure adverts and provide a safer experience,\\nwe use cookies. By giving consent, you agree to allow us to collect\\ninformation through cookies.OkNoRead more\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420072333/https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Authentic Bannock Bread Recipe\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Bannock is a yeast free bread that can either be fried or baked. It is a staple in many North American native diets.\",\n \"Janet says this recipe: Makes the best bannock for any meal breakfast, lunch or supper even great for a snack when the kids are hungry and cannot wait for their meal.\",\n \"Mix all dry ingredients into a big bowl. Add water or milk and add the oil of your choice. Mix all ingredients together until the batter becomes like bread dough, not sticky.\",\n \"Put flour onto table surface then roll the dough with your fists for about 2 minutes, like making a bread dough. Pound the dough into a round ball then slowly expand the dough by making it nice and round about half inch thick and should be round like a pie plate. Make holes with a fork by poking it all around the dough from top to bottom.\",\n \"Then with your cookie sheet ready put the bannock onto cookie sheet and bake it at 375oF until it becomes golden brown. Spread lard on the bannock when it comes out of the oven to keep it moist and Delicious. You will enjoy this bannock and do not worry if does not turn out well practice makes perfect.\",\n \"You can adjust the thickness of the dough if you prefer your bannock bread to be thin or thick. Make sure the thickness of it is say 1 inch and thinner in size. The thinner bannock dough would be about half inch and rounder more than a pie plate and do not forget the holes in your bannock. Also, don’t forget to adjust your baking time. The thinner the bannock, the shorter the baking time needed.\",\n \"Optional: Add 1 cup of raisins and 3 tablespoons of sugar into the dough when you are mixing the ingredients together.\",\n \"Like this recipe? I’d love you to Pin it to Pinterest, Tweet about it, Like it on Facebook and leave a comment below.\",\n \"Now that you have learned how to make bannock bread, look here to browse all of our muffin, sweet bread and yeast bread recipes.\",\n \"Recipe Type: Breads and Muffins Tags: bannock, bannock bread, bannock recipe, bread recipes Ingredients: baking powder, flour, milk, Oil, salt\",\n \"If you are looking for healthy snack recipes, these whole wheat muffins may be just what you are looking for. We... more\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Make Bannock | Authentic Bannock Bread Recipe | Cookingnook.com\\n\\n * Home\\n\\n * Make us your home page\\n * About Me\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Statement\\n * Site Map\\n * Subscribe to the Site\\n * Recipes by Category\\n\\n * Appetizers\\n * Soups\\n * Salads\\n * Meat Recipes\\n * Fish and Seafood\\n * Vegetables\\n * Potato/Rice/Noodles\\n * Desserts\\n\\n * Healthy Desserts\\n * Bread and Muffins\\n * Eggs and Brunch\\n * Sandwich Recipes\\n * Sauces\\n * Drinks\\n * Jams and Pickles\\n * By Cuisine\\n\\n * Italian\\n * Mexican\\n * Middle Eastern\\n * East Indian\\n * Asian\\n * Easy Dinner Recipes\\n * Food, Health and Our Body\\n\\n * Power Foods\\n * Health Benefits of Herbs and Spices\\n * Diet and Lifestyle\\n * Food Labels\\n * Boost Metabolism\\n * Monthly Fruit Club\\n * Diabetes Information\\n * Gluten Free Recipes\\n * Healthy Recipes\\n\\n * Healthy Desserts\\n * Easy Menu Ideas\\n * All Vegetarian\\n\\n * Vegetarian Recipes\\n * Vegetarian Menu Ideas\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * RSS\\n * Pinterest\\n\\nRecipe Types:\\n\\n# Bannock\\n\\n2013-07-09\\n\\n * Cuisine: American\\n * Course: Side Dish, Snack\\n * Skill Level: Intermediate\\n\\n###### Average Member Rating\\n\\n(3.6 / 5)\\n\\n3.6 5 128\\n\\n128 people rated this recipe\\n\\n * Servings : 8\\n * Prep Time :\\n\\n10m\\n\\n * Cook Time :\\n\\n0m\\n\\n * Ready In : 0m\\n\\n### Nutritional Info\\n\\nThis information is per serving.\\n\\n * Calories\\n\\n293\\n\\n * Total Fat\\n\\n14.1g\\n\\n * Saturated Fat\\n\\n1.8g\\n\\n * Cholesterol\\n\\n0mg\\n\\n * Sodium\\n\\n293mg\\n\\n * Total Carbohydrates\\n\\n36.7g\\n\\n * Dietary Fiber\\n\\n1.3g\\n\\n * Protein\\n\\n4.8g\\n\\n * Vitamin A\\n\\n0%\\n\\n * Vitamin C\\n\\n0%\\n\\n * Calcium\\n\\n9%\\n\\n * Iron\\n\\n13%\\n\\nBannock is a yeast free bread that can either be fried or baked. It is a\\nstaple in many North American native diets.\\n\\nThis version, originally submitted by Janet F of Cumberland House, SK Canada,\\nis baked.\\n\\nJanet says this recipe: Makes the best bannock for any meal breakfast, lunch\\nor supper even great for a snack when the kids are hungry and cannot wait for\\ntheir meal.\\n\\nGive it a try.\\n\\n## Bannock Bread\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 3 cups of flour or half and half whole wheat and white flour\\n * 1 teaspoon of salt\\n * 1 tablespoon baking powder\\n * 1/2 cup of oil, or olive oil\\n * water or milk\\n\\n### Method\\n\\n#### Step 1\\n\\nPreheat oven to 375oF.\\n\\n#### Step 2\\n\\nMix all dry ingredients into a big bowl. Add water or milk and add the oil of\\nyour choice. Mix all ingredients together until the batter becomes like bread\\ndough, not sticky.\\n\\n#### Step 3\\n\\nPut flour onto table surface then roll the dough with your fists for about 2\\nminutes, like making a bread dough. Pound the dough into a round ball then\\nslowly expand the dough by making it nice and round about half inch thick and\\nshould be round like a pie plate. Make holes with a fork by poking it all\\naround the dough from top to bottom.\\n\\n#### Step 4\\n\\nThen with your cookie sheet ready put the bannock onto cookie sheet and bake\\nit at 375oF until it becomes golden brown. Spread lard on the bannock when it\\ncomes out of the oven to keep it moist and Delicious. You will enjoy this\\nbannock and do not worry if does not turn out well practice makes perfect.\\n\\nServes about 8.\\n\\n#### Hint:\\n\\nYou can adjust the thickness of the dough if you prefer your bannock bread to\\nbe thin or thick. Make sure the thickness of it is say 1 inch and thinner in\\nsize. The thinner bannock dough would be about half inch and rounder more than\\na pie plate and do not forget the holes in your bannock. Also, don’t forget to\\nadjust your baking time. The thinner the bannock, the shorter the baking time\\nneeded.\\n\\nEnjoy with real butter.\\n\\nOptional: Add 1 cup of raisins and 3 tablespoons of sugar into the dough when\\nyou are mixing the ingredients together.\\n\\nLike this recipe? I’d love you to Pin it to Pinterest, Tweet about it, Like it\\non Facebook and leave a comment below.\\n\\nClick here to add your own favorite recipes.\\n\\nNow that you have learned how to make bannock bread, look here to browse all\\nof our muffin, sweet bread and yeast bread recipes.\\n\\nRecipe Type: Breads and Muffins Tags: bannock, bannock bread, bannock recipe,\\nbread recipes Ingredients: baking powder, flour, milk, Oil, salt\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\\n\\n## Never miss a recipe or tip!\\n\\nSign up and be the first to get notified of new updates.\\n\\nClick here to see our collection of recipes that are perfect for Easter.\\n\\n## Check out these Recipes\\n\\n * Newest\\n * Popular\\n * Random\\n\\n * ##### Creamy Kale Soup\\n\\n(5 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### Sweet Potato Rolls\\n\\n(3.3 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### Apple Oatmeal Muffins with Honey\\n\\n(5 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### Easy Pancake Recipe\\n\\n(3.7 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### The Best Chocolate Chip Cookie Recipe\\n\\n(4 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### Best Scalloped Potatoes Recipe\\n\\n(3.2 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### The Best Apple Pie Recipe\\n\\n(3.9 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### Sausage Balls\\n\\n(5 / 5)\\n\\n * ##### Korean Pancakes\\n\\n(4.5 / 5)\\n\\n## What’s New\\n\\n * ##### 25 Fabulous Pantry Recipes\\n\\nThese pantry recipes use ingredients that you probably have on hand all...more\\n\\n * ##### 10 Easy Muffin Recipes, Sweet and Savory\\n\\nHere are 10 easy muffin recipes you won't want to do without....more\\n\\n * ##### The Paleo Diet\\n\\nThe Paleo Diet: There is a very popular diet we have been...more\\n\\n## Weekly Special\\n\\n#### Whole Wheat Muffins with Lots of Variations\\n\\nIf you are looking for healthy snack recipes, these whole wheat muffins may be\\njust what you are looking for. We... more\\n\\nRead More\\n\\nCookingnook.com is proudly powered by WordPress\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416085151/https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread) • Curious Cuisiniere\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Scottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it the perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\",\n \"Bannock is a simple, flat loaf of bread that bakes up with a texture similar to a scone or biscuit, with a fluffy center that is slightly crumbly. It is wonderful for breakfast spread with some jam or served for a main meal alongside your stew or main dish.\",\n \"Bannock bread originated in Scotland, where it was first made as a quite heavy and dense loaf with a barley or oatmeal dough and no leavening. As leavening agents were introduced, they began to be added to these skillet breads, making them fluffier.\",\n \"While bannock originated in Scotland, the concept was adopted into Native American cultures, particularly in the cuisine of the Inuits of Canada and Alaska.\",\n \"Variations of North American bannock were made with corn (maize), making a loaf similar to a skillet cornbread. But, as wheat became more widely grown, they began making bannock with whole wheat flour, which is most commonly used today.\",\n \"North American pioneers like Lewis and Clark and Daniel Boone learned how to make bannock from the Native Americans, and the bread became a staple for them and many others during the westward exploration of North America.\",\n \"A cast iron skillet conducts heat very well (and stays hot for a long time), so when using a cast iron skillet to bake bread, you need to be sure that you skillet is over a warm section of coals, but not a super hot section of the fire.\",\n \"Your goal is to keep the heat to the skillet at a steady medium level, so that the bread cooks, but doesn’t burn too quickly.\",\n \"A good test of this for your bannock is if your bread starts to smell (or look) like the bottom crust is burning after less than 10 minutes in the skillet, then things are too hot. Cooking for less than 10 minutes on a side will result in bannock that is not quite done in the middle.\",\n \"If you do start to burn one side of your bannock, don’t worry, all is not lost. Just move your skillet to a cooler section of coals (or off the heat completely if things are way too hot). Flip your bread, and let the second side cook slowly (for 15-20 minute).\",\n \"Bannock has been a staple bread of peoples who lived in camps where the cooking was done over an open fire. But, sometimes a skillet (or flat stone) wasn’t available.\",\n \"Not to be troubled with the details, they began making their bannock dough thicker and simply wrapping it around a stick to be cooked over the open flames.\",\n \"The next time we go camping, we’ll be bringing a bag of bannock mix with us and trying the stick method of cooking it over a fire!\",\n \"Scottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it the perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\",\n \"Add the shortening and cut the fat into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse breadcrumbs. (If you will be taking this mix traveling with you, you can make this dry mix ahead of time and store it in a sealed plastic bag or container until you are ready to make your bread.)\",\n \"Grease a 9-inch cast iron skillet and warm it over the fire coals (or stove on medium heat). (Your goal is to get the pan hot enough that the batter will sizzle when it hits the pan, but not so hot that the oil is smoking.)\",\n \"Cook the bread for 10-15 min. Once the bottom is a dark golden and the top of the batter is starting to dry out, flip the loaf.\",\n \"Bake the loaf on the second side for 10-15 minutes. (If your bannock takes any less than 10 minutes to bake on a side before the crust starts to burn, then your heat is too hot and the outside is cooking faster than the inside. Move your pan to a cooler section of coals.)\",\n \"*If using all all-purpose flour, you may need to add a little less water to your dough to get a good consistency.\",\n \"Don’t want to carry a pan camping with you? Make a thicker dough by using less water. Wrap the dough around a stick and cook it over your campfire.\",\n \"Sarah is co-owner of Curious Cuisiniere and the chief researcher and recipe developer for the site. Her love for cultural cuisines was instilled early by her French Canadian Grandmother. Her experience in the kitchen and in recipe development comes from years working in professional kitchens. She has traveled extensively and enjoys bringing the flavors of her travels back to create easy-to-make recipes.\",\n \"Hey, I was wondering. If you cook this in an iron skillet, how can you tell if the bottom is too done or burning? Some have commented that they use the oven. Do you get the same results, and if so, what temperature is the oven set at? My husband's family is Scottish, but he has never mentioned this bread. I make scones for him all the time. I would love to try this recipe, but I want to be successful at it. Thank you so much for this interesting article.\",\n \"Hi Betty. The dough holds together well enough that you should be able to get a spatula under it to take a peek at the bottom. We haven't done it in the oven. But, I would try it at 350F for 20 minutes to start. (Tap the bread to be sure it sounds hollow, or use a thermometer to temp it to 190F to know it's done.)\",\n \"Hey Sarah, may want to adjust the typo to 2 Tsps Teaspoons of Baking Powder. You can fry in 1\\\" oil this mix too - in little dollops - can change fat to oil mix too.\",\n \"Hi Ken. Thanks for your comment! While 2 Tbsp (Tablespoons) may seem like a lot, it is correct for this recipe to get a good loft. And, you don't really taste it in the final bread. If you are sensitive to the flavor of baking soda, you could reduce it, but the bread may not rise as much.\",\n \"Hi Sarah, Thankyou for your recipe and suggestions on cooking without a pan. My ancestors and I are Scottish, by birth but I spend most of my time between Northern England, North America and Serbia as my new wife is Serbian. I love the outdoors in all these countries and though I had heard of Bannock bread from Ray Mears programs about 20 years ago had never tried it. And was suprised to find out it was Scottish in origin. Anyhow decided to try it tonight indoors for a test run. And it turned out great so thanks again. Very tastey bread made easy without an oven. Cheers. or Slante as they say...\",\n \"I've lived in Ireland my whole life and this isn't a traditional bannock as I know it. I'm in County Antrim the heart of Ulster/Scots country and a Bannock in both places is typically a round loaf always baked in the oven. It's made using buttermilk and bicarbonate of soda or baking soda as a raising agent.\",\n \"Thanks for your comment Linda. From what I have read, the term has evolved over the years (decades) and in different regions. Thanks for sharing what it is like where you are!\",\n \"Hello There. I discovered your blog using msn. That is a really well written article. I will make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful info.\",\n \"Welcome to Curious Cuisiniere! Our passion is exploring the history and heritage of food around the world. Here you will find easy-to-follow cultural recipes, highlighed with info to connect you to the dishes you cook. Where will you travel today?\",\n \"Throughout our site you will find affiliate links to products we trust. Using an affiliate link doesn't cost you anything, but it does help support what we do in a small way. Thanks for your support of Curious Cuisinière!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread) • Curious Cuisiniere\\n\\nSkip to Content\\n\\nPosted on Last updated: June 20, 2017 Categories Around the World, Bread\\nRecipes, British Recipes, Canadian Recipes, Summer Recipes\\n\\nBy: Author Sarah Ozimek\\n\\n# Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread)\\n\\nYou are here Home » Around the World » British Recipes » Bannock (Scottish\\nSkillet Bread)\\n\\nSign up for our newsletter to receive cultural tidbits & tasty dishes! Thanks\\nfor visiting!\\n\\nIf you like this dish, sign up for our newsletter for tasty, cultural\\ninspiration in your inbox!\\n\\nScottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it\\nthe perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\\n\\n## Bannock: Scottish Heritage\\n\\nBannock is a simple, flat loaf of bread that bakes up with a texture similar\\nto a scone or biscuit, with a fluffy center that is slightly crumbly. It is\\nwonderful for breakfast spread with some jam or served for a main meal\\nalongside your stew or main dish.\\n\\nThe word “bannock” has Celtic roots, coming from a Latin word that means,\\nquite simply, “baked dough”.\\n\\nBannock bread originated in Scotland, where it was first made as a quite heavy\\nand dense loaf with a barley or oatmeal dough and no leavening. As leavening\\nagents were introduced, they began to be added to these skillet breads, making\\nthem fluffier.\\n\\n## Bannock In North America\\n\\nWhile bannock originated in Scotland, the concept was adopted into Native\\nAmerican cultures, particularly in the cuisine of the Inuits of Canada and\\nAlaska.\\n\\nVariations of North American bannock were made with corn (maize), making a\\nloaf similar to a skillet cornbread. But, as wheat became more widely grown,\\nthey began making bannock with whole wheat flour, which is most commonly used\\ntoday.\\n\\nNorth American pioneers like Lewis and Clark and Daniel Boone learned how to\\nmake bannock from the Native Americans, and the bread became a staple for them\\nand many others during the westward exploration of North America.\\n\\n## Making Campfire Bread\\n\\nWhen making bread over a campfire the most important (and hardest to control)\\nelement is the heat.\\n\\nA cast iron skillet conducts heat very well (and stays hot for a long time),\\nso when using a cast iron skillet to bake bread, you need to be sure that you\\nskillet is over a warm section of coals, but not a super hot section of the\\nfire.\\n\\nYour goal is to keep the heat to the skillet at a steady medium level, so that\\nthe bread cooks, but doesn’t burn too quickly.\\n\\nA good test of this for your bannock is if your bread starts to smell (or\\nlook) like the bottom crust is burning after less than 10 minutes in the\\nskillet, then things are too hot. Cooking for less than 10 minutes on a side\\nwill result in bannock that is not quite done in the middle.\\n\\nIf you do start to burn one side of your bannock, don’t worry, all is not\\nlost. Just move your skillet to a cooler section of coals (or off the heat\\ncompletely if things are way too hot). Flip your bread, and let the second\\nside cook slowly (for 15-20 minute).\\n\\nThis will let the heat on the second side reach the middle of the bread,\\ncooking it through.\\n\\n## Making Bannock Without A Skillet\\n\\nBannock has been a staple bread of peoples who lived in camps where the\\ncooking was done over an open fire. But, sometimes a skillet (or flat stone)\\nwasn’t available.\\n\\nNot to be troubled with the details, they began making their bannock dough\\nthicker and simply wrapping it around a stick to be cooked over the open\\nflames.\\n\\nThe next time we go camping, we’ll be bringing a bag of bannock mix with us\\nand trying the stick method of cooking it over a fire!\\n\\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe\\n\\n4 from 21 votes\\n\\n## Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread)\\n\\nScottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it\\nthe perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\\n\\nYield: 1 (9-inch round) loaf\\n\\nPrep Time10 mins\\n\\nCook Time30 mins\\n\\nTotal Time40 mins\\n\\nCourse: Bread\\n\\nCuisine: Scottish\\n\\nServings: 6 people\\n\\nAuthor: Sarah Ozimek\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 1 1⁄2 c unbleached all-purpose flour\\n * 1 1⁄2 c white whole wheat flour* (or more all-purpose*)\\n * 1⁄2 c powdered milk\\n * 2 Tbsp baking powder\\n * 1 tsp salt\\n * 2 Tbsp shortening, lard, or butter\\n * 1 - 1 1⁄2 c water\\n * Cooking oil (for greasing the pan)\\n\\n### Instructions\\n\\n * In a medium bowl, mix the flours, powdered milk, baking powder, and salt.\\n\\n * Add the shortening and cut the fat into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse breadcrumbs. (If you will be taking this mix traveling with you, you can make this dry mix ahead of time and store it in a sealed plastic bag or container until you are ready to make your bread.)\\n\\n#### To Prepare The Bread\\n\\n * Grease a 9-inch cast iron skillet and warm it over the fire coals (or stove on medium heat). (Your goal is to get the pan hot enough that the batter will sizzle when it hits the pan, but not so hot that the oil is smoking.)\\n\\n * Add some water to your dry bread mixture and mix just until a very thick batter forms.\\n\\n * Place the better into the warm skillet and press it to roughly 1 inch thick.\\n\\n * Cook the bread for 10-15 min. Once the bottom is a dark golden and the top of the batter is starting to dry out, flip the loaf.\\n\\n * Bake the loaf on the second side for 10-15 minutes. (If your bannock takes any less than 10 minutes to bake on a side before the crust starts to burn, then your heat is too hot and the outside is cooking faster than the inside. Move your pan to a cooler section of coals.)\\n\\n * Remove the pan from the coals and let the bread cool for 5-10 minutes before serving.\\n\\n### Notes\\n\\n*If using all all-purpose flour, you may need to add a little less water to your dough to get a good consistency.\\n\\nDon’t want to carry a pan camping with you? Make a thicker dough by using less\\nwater. Wrap the dough around a stick and cook it over your campfire.\\n\\n### If you liked this recipe, here are some similar dishes you may enjoy!\\n\\n * Southern Sweet Potato Bread\\n * Traditional Irish Soda Bread\\n * Zucchini-Oat Yeast Bread\\n * Pan de Coco (Honduran Coconut Bread)\\n * Ensalada Rusa (Oliver Salad)\\n * Greek Chicken Poutine\\n * Avocado Sunflower Pesto\\n * Moqueca (Brazilian Fish Stew)\\n\\nLove it? Share it!\\n\\n * Share\\n * Tweet\\n\\n### Sarah Ozimek\\n\\nSarah is co-owner of Curious Cuisiniere and the chief researcher and recipe\\ndeveloper for the site. Her love for cultural cuisines was instilled early by\\nher French Canadian Grandmother. Her experience in the kitchen and in recipe\\ndevelopment comes from years working in professional kitchens. She has\\ntraveled extensively and enjoys bringing the flavors of her travels back to\\ncreate easy-to-make recipes.\\n\\nTags\\n\\nTags\\n\\nQuick Bread\\n\\nPrevious\\n\\nYam Neua (Grilled Thai Beef Salad)\\n\\nNext\\n\\nCowboy Chili (Easy Texas Red Chili)\\n\\nClick here to cancel reply.\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\nBetty McIntosh\\n\\nWednesday 24th of February 2021\\n\\nHey, I was wondering. If you cook this in an iron skillet, how can you tell if\\nthe bottom is too done or burning? Some have commented that they use the oven.\\nDo you get the same results, and if so, what temperature is the oven set at?\\nMy husband's family is Scottish, but he has never mentioned this bread. I make\\nscones for him all the time. I would love to try this recipe, but I want to be\\nsuccessful at it. Thank you so much for this interesting article.\\n\\nSarah Ozimek\\n\\nThursday 25th of February 2021\\n\\nHi Betty. The dough holds together well enough that you should be able to get\\na spatula under it to take a peek at the bottom. We haven't done it in the\\noven. But, I would try it at 350F for 20 minutes to start. (Tap the bread to\\nbe sure it sounds hollow, or use a thermometer to temp it to 190F to know it's\\ndone.)\\n\\nKen\\n\\nFriday 22nd of January 2021\\n\\nHey Sarah, may want to adjust the typo to 2 Tsps Teaspoons of Baking Powder.\\nYou can fry in 1\\\" oil this mix too - in little dollops - can change fat to oil\\nmix too.\\n\\nSarah Ozimek\\n\\nSaturday 23rd of January 2021\\n\\nHi Ken. Thanks for your comment! While 2 Tbsp (Tablespoons) may seem like a\\nlot, it is correct for this recipe to get a good loft. And, you don't really\\ntaste it in the final bread. If you are sensitive to the flavor of baking\\nsoda, you could reduce it, but the bread may not rise as much.\\n\\nRaymond Murray\\n\\nSunday 17th of January 2021\\n\\nHi Sarah, Thankyou for your recipe and suggestions on cooking without a pan.\\nMy ancestors and I are Scottish, by birth but I spend most of my time between\\nNorthern England, North America and Serbia as my new wife is Serbian. I love\\nthe outdoors in all these countries and though I had heard of Bannock bread\\nfrom Ray Mears programs about 20 years ago had never tried it. And was\\nsuprised to find out it was Scottish in origin. Anyhow decided to try it\\ntonight indoors for a test run. And it turned out great so thanks again. Very\\ntastey bread made easy without an oven. Cheers. or Slante as they say...\\n\\nSarah Ozimek\\n\\nMonday 18th of January 2021\\n\\nSo glad you enjoyed it!\\n\\nLinda Weir\\n\\nMonday 23rd of November 2020\\n\\nI've lived in Ireland my whole life and this isn't a traditional bannock as I\\nknow it. I'm in County Antrim the heart of Ulster/Scots country and a Bannock\\nin both places is typically a round loaf always baked in the oven. It's made\\nusing buttermilk and bicarbonate of soda or baking soda as a raising agent.\\n\\nSarah Ozimek\\n\\nSunday 6th of December 2020\\n\\nThanks for your comment Linda. From what I have read, the term has evolved\\nover the years (decades) and in different regions. Thanks for sharing what it\\nis like where you are!\\n\\nPedro\\n\\nFriday 16th of October 2020\\n\\nHello There. I discovered your blog using msn. That is a really well written\\narticle. I will make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your\\nuseful info.\\n\\nThank you for the post. I'll definitely comeback.\\n\\nSarah Ozimek\\n\\nSaturday 17th of October 2020\\n\\nThank you Pedro. Hope you enjoy!\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\nWelcome to Curious Cuisiniere! Our passion is exploring the history and\\nheritage of food around the world. Here you will find easy-to-follow cultural\\nrecipes, highlighed with info to connect you to the dishes you cook. Where\\nwill you travel today?\\n\\nExplore recipes inspired by global flavors: Africa | Asia | Australia |\\nCentral America | Europe | Middle East | North America | South America\\n\\nThroughout our site you will find affiliate links to products we trust. Using\\nan affiliate link doesn't cost you anything, but it does help support what we\\ndo in a small way. Thanks for your support of Curious Cuisinière!\\n\\nCurious Cuisinière's Privacy Policy\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 Curious Cuisiniere | Trellis Framework by Mediavine\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210625130202/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Make Bannock Bread\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"How to Pack a Bag Using the Ranger RollHow to Rethread a Drawstring in Less Than 60 SecondsHow to Follow the Art of ManlinessHow to Countersink a Screw\",\n \"Unless you’ve spent a lot of time in the woods on longer trips, you’re probably unfamiliar with bannock. Bannock is a Gaelic-rooted word that comes from the Latin panecium, which means baked things. Add a thousand years of passing the word from Hadrian’s soldiers to Scottish ones and you see how panecium became bannock.\",\n \"A bannock is a small, flat loaf of bread risen by a leavening agent, most often a chemical one, although yeasty bannocks are sometimes baked, as in a sourdough recipe. They are meant to be cooked hearth-side, whether a fireplace or a campfire. They are simple, and in the woods, simple is good. Add some honey to some simple bread and after a few days or weeks of bagels and Wasa bread, it tastes like manna from heaven. It’s hot, light, and comforting.\",\n \"About twenty years ago I shared a workspace with a really cool woman. Frieda ran across an article in an old, dog-eared copy of Outdoor Life regarding dutch ovens and skillet cooking. Freida thought I would like it. She was right.\",\n \"Until then I had been using a bannock recipe that came from old-style camping legend, Calvin Rutstrum. Frankly, it was a chemical bomb using horrendous amounts of baking powder and no shortening, so it was dry and metallic. If anything contains a tablespoon of baking powder, run the other way unless you like the taste of aluminum.\",\n \"I took home the recipes from the article and whipped up a few batches of bannock on the stovetop. It was a vast improvement over what I had been using. What’s better is that the basic recipe is also good for pancakes, fish batter, etc. Think Bisquick or Krusteaz without 10,000% of your daily recommended dosage of salt. Sure, you can use those pre-made mixes, but this recipe is so simple, it’s a shame to subject your tastebuds to pre-packaged sodium bombs.\",\n \"1 cup flour (white or a mixture of white and whole wheat) 1 tsp. baking powder 1/4 tsp. salt 1/4 cup dry milk powder 1 tbsp. shortening\",\n \"Make the mix at home ahead of time. Sift dry ingredients, and cut shortening in with a pastry cutter or two knives until you have a granular, corn meal- like mixture. Package in zip-lock freezer bags. Double bag it if you’re going to be on a long trip. I’ve found that you can make large batches at once and make enough bannock mix for a trip in about fifteen minutes. Just make sure you sift the dry ingredients well, so you don’t get leavening problems.\",\n \"Baking bannock is relatively simple once you get the hang of it. Your first ones will be dark and maybe burnt on the outside and gooey on the inside. Don’t despair, just pretend it’s a jelly donut and try again. The key is a consistent heat. While flames don’t indicate a bad cooking fire, red glowing fires from hardwood are best.\",\n \"2. Pour some water into the bag and squoosh it around in the bag (squooshing is a technical term). Because the water and baking powder form carbon dioxide to make the bread light, the faster you go from mixing to skillet, the lighter your bannock will be. There will be lumps, of course, but we call them flavor bursts. I say “some water” because how much you add depends on the humidity and of course, personal taste. You don’t want it any thinner than a muffin consistency. If you’ve never baked a muffin, think spackle. You can distribute the dough with a poke of a finger or a stick or a spoon if you’re the civilized sort. Remember, it’s always easier to add water than take it out, right?\",\n \"3. Squeeze the mix out of the bag and onto the warmed pan (not scalding hot — if the oil is smoking, it’s way too hot). The pan can be warmed over the fire if you have a grate, or leaned against a few logs near the heat source. It shouldn’t hiss or sizzle like a pancake batter...that means things are too hot. Cool it off and be patient. The bread will start to rise slowly.\",\n \"4. Your bannock will start to look loaf-like. At this point you’ll want to flip your loaf. A little shake of the pan and flick of the wrist can turn it over, but a spatula is fair game too. At this point, just keep turning it. You’ll know when it’s done. It’ll look a lot like the picture here.\",\n \"If you have a lid, you can try to cook your bannock dutch oven-style and put coals onto your skillet lid. Otherwise, you can turn it over to cook the top (carefully!) or else when the bottom is done, prop the pan up against a log with the top facing the fire. This is my favorite sort of “semi-reflector- oven” method. I believe it also makes a lighter bannock.\",\n \"Baking bread in the wilderness is about taking the comforts of home with you and enjoying yourself, not choking down some freeze-dried Hungarian goulash that tastes like wallpaper paste. You can still eat tasty grub while getting in touch with your wild man.\",\n \"Darren Bush is the owner and Chief Paddling Evangelist of Rutabaga, but he’s also an amateur blacksmith, longbow shooter, and primitive skill aficionado. He believes primitive skills are highly undervalued in modern society.\",\n \"The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.\",\n \"We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Make Bannock Bread | The Art of Manliness\\n\\nMenu podcast\\n\\n * Best Of\\n * Gear\\n * Gift Guides\\n * Homeownership\\n\\nBest of Art of Manliness 2020The 5 Best AoM Podcast Episodes on Finding\\nMeaning and PurposeThe Best AOM Podcast Episodes So Far in 2020The Best of Art\\nof Manliness 2019\\n\\nAn Introduction to Grown-Man Walkie-TalkiesThe Incredible, Underrated Allen\\nWrenchHow to Choose the Perfect Survival KnifeHow I Stopped Worrying and\\nLearned to Love the Smartwatch\\n\\n7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\\nGalHuckberry’s Top 15 Men’s Gift Ideas for 2020 (+Giveaway!)50 Stocking\\nStuffer Ideas for MenThe 12 Days of Christmas Giveaways: Gifts Over $100\\n\\nHow to Properly Store Gas for DIY UseHow to Caulk Like a ProProtect Your Home\\nBy Installing a Solar Timetable Light SwitchThe Biggest Key to Organizing Your\\nGarage\\n\\nBrowse all Get Style\\n\\n * Fitness\\n * Health\\n * Program Review\\n\\nBro Basics: Lat PulldownsThe Herschel Walker WorkoutHow to Build a Home Gym on\\nthe CheapPodcast #704: How to Keep Your Edge as You Get Older\\n\\nPodcast #715: What’s the Most Sustainable Diet?Podcast #708: Overcoming the\\nComfort Crisis6 Lifesaving Skills Every Man Should KnowHow to Sauna: All the\\nFAQs\\n\\nWhich Fitness Program Is Right for You?A Review of the MovNat\\nWorkshopStrengthen Your Tribe: A Report on the Atomic Athlete VanguardITS\\nTactical Muster Review\\n\\nBrowse all Get Strong\\n\\n * Family\\n * Fatherhood\\n * Relationships\\n * Social Skills\\n\\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\\nAccountThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #448: Your Son Isn’t Lazy — How to\\nEmpower Boys to SucceedHow to Tell Awesome Stories to Your Kids\\n\\nPodcast #717: The Fraught, Relatable Relationship Between Winston Churchill\\nand His SonA Brief History of Father’s DayThe Best Quotes on Fatherhood5 Great\\nPodcasts for Kids (That Are Enjoyable for Parents Too!)\\n\\nPodcast #707: Did You Pick the Right Partner?Podcast #702: One Man’s\\nImpossible Quest — To Make Friends in AdulthoodHow to Write a Love\\nLetterPodcast #670: The Hidden Tragedy of Male Loneliness\\n\\nPodcast #709: The Art of Conversation — A Guided Tour of a Neglected\\nPleasureWhy We Like Some People and Don’t Like OthersSunday Firesides: Want to\\nSolve Your Social Problems? Get Over Your SelfThe Art of Small Talk: 5\\nQuestions Never to Ask\\n\\nBrowse all Get Social\\n\\n * How To\\n * Manly Know-How\\n * Outdoor/Survival\\n\\nHow to Pack a Bag Using the Ranger RollHow to Rethread a Drawstring in Less\\nThan 60 SecondsHow to Follow the Art of ManlinessHow to Countersink a Screw\\n\\nHow to Effectively Dry Wet Shoes11 Secretive Spots to Hide Valuables in Your\\nHomeA Crash Course in Real World Self-DefenseThe Simplifying Step Missing From\\nYour Laundry Routine\\n\\nHow to Pack a Backpack for BackpackingPodcast #713: How to Predict the Weather\\n(No Apps Required)9 Ways to Start a Fire Without MatchesHow to Build a\\nCampfire That Will Last Through the Night\\n\\nBrowse all Get Skilled\\n\\nin: Food & Drink, Living\\n\\nGuest Contributor • April 4, 2011 • Last updated: June 1, 2021\\n\\n# Baking in the Wild: How to Make Bannock Bread\\n\\nEditor’s note: This is a guest post from Darren Bush.\\n\\nUnless you’ve spent a lot of time in the woods on longer trips, you’re\\nprobably unfamiliar with bannock. Bannock is a Gaelic-rooted word that comes\\nfrom the Latin panecium, which means baked things. Add a thousand years of\\npassing the word from Hadrian’s soldiers to Scottish ones and you see how\\npanecium became bannock.\\n\\nA bannock is a small, flat loaf of bread risen by a leavening agent, most\\noften a chemical one, although yeasty bannocks are sometimes baked, as in a\\nsourdough recipe. They are meant to be cooked hearth-side, whether a fireplace\\nor a campfire. They are simple, and in the woods, simple is good. Add some\\nhoney to some simple bread and after a few days or weeks of bagels and Wasa\\nbread, it tastes like manna from heaven. It’s hot, light, and comforting.\\n\\nAbout twenty years ago I shared a workspace with a really cool woman. Frieda\\nran across an article in an old, dog-eared copy of Outdoor Life regarding\\ndutch ovens and skillet cooking. Freida thought I would like it. She was\\nright.\\n\\nUntil then I had been using a bannock recipe that came from old-style camping\\nlegend, Calvin Rutstrum. Frankly, it was a chemical bomb using horrendous\\namounts of baking powder and no shortening, so it was dry and metallic. If\\nanything contains a tablespoon of baking powder, run the other way unless you\\nlike the taste of aluminum.\\n\\nI took home the recipes from the article and whipped up a few batches of\\nbannock on the stovetop. It was a vast improvement over what I had been using.\\nWhat’s better is that the basic recipe is also good for pancakes, fish batter,\\netc. Think Bisquick or Krusteaz without 10,000% of your daily recommended\\ndosage of salt. Sure, you can use those pre-made mixes, but this recipe is so\\nsimple, it’s a shame to subject your tastebuds to pre-packaged sodium bombs.\\n\\n### How to Make Bannock Bread\\n\\nIngredients\\n\\n * Bannock Mix\\n * Water\\n\\nBasic Bannock Mix\\n\\n1 cup flour (white or a mixture of white and whole wheat) 1 tsp. baking powder\\n1/4 tsp. salt 1/4 cup dry milk powder 1 tbsp. shortening\\n\\nMake the mix at home ahead of time. Sift dry ingredients, and cut shortening\\nin with a pastry cutter or two knives until you have a granular, corn meal-\\nlike mixture. Package in zip-lock freezer bags. Double bag it if you’re going\\nto be on a long trip. I’ve found that you can make large batches at once and\\nmake enough bannock mix for a trip in about fifteen minutes. Just make sure\\nyou sift the dry ingredients well, so you don’t get leavening problems.\\n\\nDirections\\n\\nBaking bannock is relatively simple once you get the hang of it. Your first\\nones will be dark and maybe burnt on the outside and gooey on the inside.\\nDon’t despair, just pretend it’s a jelly donut and try again. The key is a\\nconsistent heat. While flames don’t indicate a bad cooking fire, red glowing\\nfires from hardwood are best.\\n\\n1\\\\. Start with a small cast iron frying pan and oil it well.\\n\\n2\\\\. Pour some water into the bag and squoosh it around in the bag (squooshing\\nis a technical term). Because the water and baking powder form carbon dioxide\\nto make the bread light, the faster you go from mixing to skillet, the lighter\\nyour bannock will be. There will be lumps, of course, but we call them flavor\\nbursts. I say “some water” because how much you add depends on the humidity\\nand of course, personal taste. You don’t want it any thinner than a muffin\\nconsistency. If you’ve never baked a muffin, think spackle. You can distribute\\nthe dough with a poke of a finger or a stick or a spoon if you’re the\\ncivilized sort. Remember, it’s always easier to add water than take it out,\\nright?\\n\\n3\\\\. Squeeze the mix out of the bag and onto the warmed pan (not scalding hot —\\nif the oil is smoking, it’s way too hot). The pan can be warmed over the fire\\nif you have a grate, or leaned against a few logs near the heat source. It\\nshouldn’t hiss or sizzle like a pancake batter...that means things are too\\nhot. Cool it off and be patient. The bread will start to rise slowly.\\n\\n4\\\\. Your bannock will start to look loaf-like. At this point you’ll want to\\nflip your loaf. A little shake of the pan and flick of the wrist can turn it\\nover, but a spatula is fair game too. At this point, just keep turning it.\\nYou’ll know when it’s done. It’ll look a lot like the picture here.\\n\\nIf you have a lid, you can try to cook your bannock dutch oven-style and put\\ncoals onto your skillet lid. Otherwise, you can turn it over to cook the top\\n(carefully!) or else when the bottom is done, prop the pan up against a log\\nwith the top facing the fire. This is my favorite sort of “semi-reflector-\\noven” method. I believe it also makes a lighter bannock.\\n\\nBaking bread in the wilderness is about taking the comforts of home with you\\nand enjoying yourself, not choking down some freeze-dried Hungarian goulash\\nthat tastes like wallpaper paste. You can still eat tasty grub while getting\\nin touch with your wild man.\\n\\n___________________________________________________________________________________\\n\\nDarren Bush is the owner and Chief Paddling Evangelist of Rutabaga, but he’s\\nalso an amateur blacksmith, longbow shooter, and primitive skill aficionado.\\nHe believes primitive skills are highly undervalued in modern society.\\n\\n### Related Articles\\n\\nTags: Recipes\\n\\nPrevious Next\\n\\nNever miss an update\\n\\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\\n\\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\\n\\nJoin the Strenuous Life\\n\\nLearn More\\n\\nNever miss an update\\n\\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\\n\\nPodcast #358\\n\\n###### The Stranger in the Woods — The Story of the Last True Hermit\\n\\nPodcast #717\\n\\n###### The Fraught, Relatable Relationship Between Winston Churchill and His\\nSon\\n\\nPodcast #716\\n\\n###### How to Make Your Life More Effortless\\n\\nPodcast #715\\n\\n###### What’s the Most Sustainable Diet?\\n\\nView all\\n\\nRelated\\n\\nArticles///\\n\\n### Why Every Man Should Have 3 Signature Dishes\\n\\n### 18 Things Every Man Should Do This Summer\\n\\n### The Best Order to Stack Your Burger Toppings\\n\\n### How to Create a Soundtrack for Your Life\\n\\nView all\\n\\nTake action today\\n\\nJoin The Strenuous Life\\n\\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\\n\\n * Contact\\n * Legal\\n * About\\n * All Topics\\n * Archives\\n\\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\\nAoM.\\n\\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\\nit.OkPrivacy policy\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":363,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1239401,"string":"1,239,401"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Stop Shoulder Pains"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To stop shoulder pains, apply ice to your shoulder for 10-15 minutes every hour until the pain and swelling subside. Just make sure you wrap the ice or frozen gel pack in a thin towel so you don't get frostbite. If you're suffering from a strained muscle, you can relieve pain by doing some light shoulder stretches. For example, try reaching around the front of your body and grabbing your opposite elbow, pulling on the back of it until you feel a stretch. You can also take over-the-counter pain medications, like ibuprofen, but avoid taking them for longer than 2 weeks."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20151019073227/http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/","http://web.archive.org/web/20171106114302/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00065","http://web.archive.org/web/20210526083940/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931","http://web.archive.org/web/20141217124548/http://mghsportsmedicine.org/","http://web.archive.org/web/20160211195356/http://www.saltworks.us:80/salt_info/epsom-uses-benefits.asp","http://web.archive.org/web/20180804001859/http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy","http://web.archive.org/web/20201127173149/https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1","http://web.archive.org/web/20210411131207/https://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article/1","http://web.archive.org/web/20170916190511/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=A00066","http://web.archive.org/web/20171113000721/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00064","http://web.archive.org/web/20210506041332/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210418061338/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical","http://web.archive.org/web/20160623044213/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/basics/definition/prc-20014455","http://web.archive.org/web/20210518231358/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/massage/art-20045743","http://web.archive.org/web/20180121124147/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/prc-20020778"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20151019073227/http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171106114302/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00065\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210526083940/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20141217124548/http://mghsportsmedicine.org/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160211195356/http://www.saltworks.us:80/salt_info/epsom-uses-benefits.asp\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180804001859/http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127173149/https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411131207/https://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article/1\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916190511/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=A00066\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171113000721/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00064\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506041332/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418061338/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160623044213/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/basics/definition/prc-20014455\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518231358/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/massage/art-20045743\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180121124147/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/prc-20020778\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1885,"string":"1,885"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20151019073227/http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep","passages":["If you roll out of bed bleary-eyed each day, thinking, “Oh, my aching [insert painful joint here],” you’re not alone.","Research shows that between 50 and 90 percent of people with chronic joint pain don’t sleep well. And, that sleep deprivation can lead to other health issues, including low energy, mood disorders and eating problems.","If you have chronic pain in your hips, knees or shoulders, there are things you can do to limit how much the discomfort affects your nighttime rest, says Michael Schaefer, MD, Director of Musculoskeletal Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation at Cleveland Clinic.","“A healthy brain is a well-rested brain. It can deal better with pain, such as arthritis, on an ongoing basis,” he says. “Lack of sleep, on the other hand, can directly affect your mood, and a bad mood can make it harder to cope with pain. This can become a vicious cycle.”","Some problems with broken sleep patterns are normal as we age, Dr. Schaefer says, but you shouldn’t wake up and stay awake every night because of pain. If that’s your situation, consult your primary care physician.","“If the pain goes on for more than three or four days in a row or intermittently for two to three weeks, it’s time to get it addressed,” he says. “If the pain is so severe that you require alcohol or over-the-counter sleep aids to fall sleep, then it’s worth getting it looked at.”","Finding the right position can be the most crucial part of avoiding pain during sleep. Twisting and turning to find a comfortable spot is normal, Dr. Schaefer says, but even the slightest twinge of pain can disrupt your rest. He recommends you start out sleeping on your side – avoiding a sore shoulder if you have one – with a pillow between your legs. Try to avoid lying flat on your back.","Side-sleeping won’t work for all shoulder pain, though. Minimize that discomfort by wrapping your arm in a bandage or wearing a sling to bed. It will keep your arm immobile and prevent you from sleeping with your arm in an awkward position.","There are additional, pain-specific steps you can take to decrease nighttime discomfort, Dr. Schaefer says. He also offers some general sleep recommendations to help nearly anyone, not only pain sufferers.","Find the right mattress. For back, hip and knee pain, Dr. Schaefer recommends a firm mattress. Add a foam pad on top if you need it to help evenly distribute your weight and keep your joints in alignment.","Take appropriate medication. If you’re using regular acetaminophen or ibuprofen and your pain breaks through the night, consider switching to a different pain reliever. Dr. Schaefer recommends pain killers that last between 12 and 24 hours, such as naproxen (Aleve®).","Maintain good sleep hygiene. Keep your sleep schedule as consistent as possible – turn off the television, put all electronics away, turn off lights and keep your room as quiet as you can.","Avoid substance aids. Alcohol might make you drowsy, but it won’t give you restful sleep. People often wake up after a few hours of drinking.","Minimize how often you use over-the-counter sleep aids. If you take them too long, you’ll need higher doses and may have trouble breaking this habit.","Do low-impact exercises. Regularly scheduled low-impact exercise, such as walking, bicycling or swimming, can help with both pain and sleep disorders.","Normal joint pain, especially in the hips, knees and shoulders, frequently worsens at night, he says. Your sleep position and the alignment of your body are responsible for most of the pain, but some comes from being so still at night.","“Joints swell at night, and motion gradually lubricates them and keeps the fluids moving round,” Dr. Schaefer says. “When you stop moving, they can swell more.” This can cause stiffness and pain, he says.","Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our blog helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services.","Holly L. Thacker, MD, Director of the Center for Specialized Women's Health and Executive Director of Speaking of Women’s Health, is nationally known for her leadership in women's health.","Richard E Gans, M.D., FACS joined the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute in 2004. He is an accomplished surgeon and a comprehensive ophthalmologist."]},"parsed_md":"How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep - Health\nEssentials from Cleveland Clinic\n\nSkip to content\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n## How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep\n\nJanuary 28, 2015 / By Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\n\nIf you roll out of bed bleary-eyed each day, thinking, “Oh, my aching [insert\npainful joint here],” you’re not alone.\n\nResearch shows that between 50 and 90 percent of people with chronic joint\npain don’t sleep well. And, that sleep deprivation can lead to other health\nissues, including low energy, mood disorders and eating problems.\n\nIf you have chronic pain in your hips, knees or shoulders, there are things\nyou can do to limit how much the discomfort affects your nighttime rest, says\nMichael Schaefer, MD, Director of Musculoskeletal Physical Medicine &\nRehabilitation at Cleveland Clinic.\n\n“A healthy brain is a well-rested brain. It can deal better with pain, such as\narthritis, on an ongoing basis,” he says. “Lack of sleep, on the other hand,\ncan directly affect your mood, and a bad mood can make it harder to cope with\npain. This can become a vicious cycle.”\n\n### When you need a doctor\n\nSome problems with broken sleep patterns are normal as we age, Dr. Schaefer\nsays, but you shouldn’t wake up and stay awake every night because of pain. If\nthat’s your situation, consult your primary care physician.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n“If the pain goes on for more than three or four days in a row or\nintermittently for two to three weeks, it’s time to get it addressed,” he\nsays. “If the pain is so severe that you require alcohol or over-the-counter\nsleep aids to fall sleep, then it’s worth getting it looked at.”\n\nSee your doctor if you have joint pain and:\n\n * The pain isn’t in a typical spot for arthritis\n * You’re losing weight unexpectedly\n * Have a fever or chills\n * Experience night sweats\n * Have a history of cancer\n\nAny of those problems can indicate a more serious condition in need of\nimmediate medical attention, Dr. Schaefer says.\n\n### Get into a good sleep position\n\nFinding the right position can be the most crucial part of avoiding pain\nduring sleep. Twisting and turning to find a comfortable spot is normal, Dr.\nSchaefer says, but even the slightest twinge of pain can disrupt your rest. He\nrecommends you start out sleeping on your side – avoiding a sore shoulder if\nyou have one – with a pillow between your legs. Try to avoid lying flat on\nyour back.\n\nSide-sleeping won’t work for all shoulder pain, though. Minimize that\ndiscomfort by wrapping your arm in a bandage or wearing a sling to bed. It\nwill keep your arm immobile and prevent you from sleeping with your arm in an\nawkward position.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n### Other tips offer sleep relief for all\n\nThere are additional, pain-specific steps you can take to decrease nighttime\ndiscomfort, Dr. Schaefer says. He also offers some general sleep\nrecommendations to help nearly anyone, not only pain sufferers.\n\n * Find the right mattress. For back, hip and knee pain, Dr. Schaefer recommends a firm mattress. Add a foam pad on top if you need it to help evenly distribute your weight and keep your joints in alignment.\n * Take appropriate medication. If you’re using regular acetaminophen or ibuprofen and your pain breaks through the night, consider switching to a different pain reliever. Dr. Schaefer recommends pain killers that last between 12 and 24 hours, such as naproxen (Aleve®).\n * Maintain good sleep hygiene. Keep your sleep schedule as consistent as possible – turn off the television, put all electronics away, turn off lights and keep your room as quiet as you can.\n * Avoid substance aids. Alcohol might make you drowsy, but it won’t give you restful sleep. People often wake up after a few hours of drinking.\n * Minimize how often you use over-the-counter sleep aids. If you take them too long, you’ll need higher doses and may have trouble breaking this habit.\n * Do low-impact exercises. Regularly scheduled low-impact exercise, such as walking, bicycling or swimming, can help with both pain and sleep disorders.\n\n### Why sleep can hurt\n\nNormal joint pain, especially in the hips, knees and shoulders, frequently\nworsens at night, he says. Your sleep position and the alignment of your body\nare responsible for most of the pain, but some comes from being so still at\nnight.\n\n“Joints swell at night, and motion gradually lubricates them and keeps the\nfluids moving round,” Dr. Schaefer says. “When you stop moving, they can swell\nmore.” This can cause stiffness and pain, he says.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nTags: chronic pain, hip pain, knee pain, shoulder pain, sleep\n\n### Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Chiropractic Care: Safe for Sprains, Strains and Pains\n * Does Weather Trigger Migraines? (Video)\n * Don’t Let Back Pain Beat You On the Golf Course\n\n### More from Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\n\n * Understanding the Labels on Your Over-the-Counter Meds\n * These Injections Can Help Your Chronic Muscle and Joint Pain\n * 4 Best Ways to Prevent Infection From Joint Replacement\n\nCleveland Clinc now offers same-day appointments. Get the care you need, right\naway at 888.223.CARE\n\nSame-Day Appointments\n\n * Find a Doctor\n * Request an Appointment\n * Contact Us\n\n * Lucy\n\nExcellent information on sleep when in pain. Thanks you.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nCleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our\nblog helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic\nproducts or services.\n\nPolicy\n\n### Most Popular\n\n * 1 Gastroparesis: Know the Risk Factors for This Mysterious Stomach Condition\n * 2 Does Your Skin Have Tiny White Bumps? 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All Rights Reserved. 9500 Euclid Avenue,\nCleveland, Ohio 44195 | 800.223.2273 | TTY 216.444.0261\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171106114302/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00065","parsed_text":{"title":"Shoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems-OrthoInfo","passages":["This article is also available in Spanish: Dolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombroDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro (topic.cfm?topic=A00704).","What most people call the shoulder is really several joints that combine with tendons and muscles to allow a wide range of motion in the arm — from scratching your back to throwing the perfect pitch.","Mobility has its price, however. It may lead to increasing problems with instability or impingement of the soft tissue or bony structures in your shoulder, resulting in pain. You may feel pain only when you move your shoulder, or all of the time. The pain may be temporary or it may continue and require medical diagnosis and treatment.","This article explains some of the common causes of shoulder pain, as well as some general treatment options. Your doctor can give you more detailed information about your shoulder pain.","Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle).","The head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder blade. This socket is called the glenoid. A combination of muscles and tendons keeps your arm bone centered in your shoulder socket. These tissues are called the rotator cuff. They cover the head of your upper arm bone and attach it to your shoulder blade.","Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that are located in joints throughout the body, including the shoulder. They act as cushions between bones and the overlying soft tissues, and help reduce friction between the gliding muscles and the bone.","Sometimes, excessive use of the shoulder leads to inflammation and swelling of the bursa between the rotator cuff and part of the shoulder blade known as the acromion. The result is a condition known as subacromial bursitis. Bursitis often occurs in association with rotator cuff tendinitis. The many tissues in the shoulder can become inflamed and painful. Many daily activities, such as combing your hair or getting dressed, may become difficult.","A tendon is a cord that connects muscle to bone. Most tendinitis is a result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time, much like the wearing process on the sole of a shoe that eventually splits from overuse.","The most commonly affected tendons in the shoulder are the four rotator cuff tendons and one of the biceps tendons. The rotator cuff is made up of four small muscles and their tendons that cover the head of your upper arm bone and keep it in the shoulder socket. Your rotator cuff helps provide shoulder motion and stability.","Splitting and tearing of tendons may result from acute injury or degenerative changes in the tendons due to advancing age, long-term overuse and wear and tear, or a sudden injury. These tears may be partial or may completely split the tendon into two pieces. In most cases of complete tears, the tendon is pulled away from its attachment to the bone. Rotator cuff and biceps tendon injuries are among the most common of these injuries.","Shoulder impingement occurs when the top of the shoulder blade (acromion) puts pressure on the underlying soft tissues when the arm is lifted away from the body. As the arm is lifted, the acromion rubs, or \"impinges\" on, the rotator cuff tendons and bursa. This can lead to bursitis and tendinitis, causing pain and limiting movement. Over time, severe impingement can even lead to a rotator cuff tear.","Shoulder instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of a sudden injury or from overuse.","Shoulder dislocations can be partial, with the ball of the upper arm coming just partially out of the socket. This is called a subluxation. A complete dislocation means the ball comes all the way out of the socket.","Once the ligaments, tendons, and muscles around the shoulder become loose or torn, dislocations can occur repeatedly. Recurring dislocations, which may be partial or complete, cause pain and unsteadiness when you raise your arm or move it away from your body. Repeated episodes of subluxations or dislocations lead to an increased risk of developing arthritis in the joint.","Shoulder pain can also result from arthritis. There are many types of arthritis. The most common type of arthritis in the shoulder is osteoarthritis, also known as \"wear and tear\" arthritis. Symptoms, such as swelling, pain, and stiffness, typically begin during middle age. Osteoarthritis develops slowly and the pain it causes worsens over time.","Osteoarthritis, may be related to sports or work injuries and chronic wear and tear. Other types of arthritis can be related to rotator cuff tears, infection, or an inflammation of the joint lining.","Often people will avoid shoulder movements in an attempt to lessen arthritis pain. This sometimes leads to a tightening or stiffening of the soft tissue parts of the joint, resulting in a painful restriction of motion.","Shoulder fractures in older patients are often the result of a fall from standing height. In younger patients, shoulder fractures are often caused by a high energy injury, such as a motor vehicle accident or contact sports injury.","In the case of an acute injury causing intense pain, seek medical care as soon as possible. If the pain is less severe, it may be safe to rest a few days to see if time will resolve the problem. If symptoms persist, see a doctor.","Your doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation in order to determine the cause of your shoulder pain and provide you with treatment options.","The first step in the evaluation is a thorough medical history. Your doctor may ask how and when the pain started, whether it has occurred before and how it was treated, and other questions to help determine both your general health and the possible causes of your shoulder problem. Because most shoulder conditions are aggravated by specific activities, and relieved by specific activities, a medical history can be a valuable tool in finding the source of your pain.","A comprehensive examination will be required to find the causes of your shoulder pain. Your doctor will look for physical abnormalities, swelling, deformity or muscle weakness, and check for tender areas. He or she will observe your shoulder range of motion and strength.","Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Thes imaging studies create better pictures of soft tissues. It may help your doctor identify injuries to the ligaments and tendons surrounding your shoulder joint.","Computed tomography (CT) scan. This tool combines x-rays with computer technology to produce a very detailed view of the bones in the shoulder area.","Arthrogram. During this x-ray study, dye is injected into the shoulder to better show the joint and its surrounding muscles and tendons.","Arthroscopy. In this surgical procedure, your doctor looks inside the joint with a fiber-optic camera. Arthroscopy may show soft tissue injuries that are not apparent from the physical examination, x-rays, and other tests. In addition to helping find the cause of pain, arthroscopy may be used to correct the problem.","Treatment generally involves rest, altering your activities, and physical therapy to help you improve shoulder strength and flexibility. Common sense solutions such as avoiding overexertion or overdoing activities in which you normally do not participate can help to prevent shoulder pain.","Your doctor may prescribe medication to reduce inflammation and pain. If medication is prescribed to relieve pain, it should be taken only as directed. Your doctor may also recommend injections of numbing medicines or steroids to relieve pain.","Surgery may be required to resolve some shoulder problems; however, 90 percent of patients with shoulder pain will respond to simple treatment methods such as altering activities, rest, exercise, and medication.","Certain types of shoulder problems, such as recurring dislocations and some rotator cuff tears, may not benefit from exercise. In these cases, surgery may be recommended fairly early.","Surgery can involve arthroscopy to remove scar tissue or repair torn tissues, or traditional, open procedures for larger reconstructions or shoulder replacement.","AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.","Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."]},"parsed_md":"Shoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems-OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2010 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nShoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems\n\nThis article is also available in Spanish: Dolor de hombro y problemas comunes\ndel hombroDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n(topic.cfm?topic=A00704).\n\nWhat most people call the shoulder is really several joints that combine with\ntendons and muscles to allow a wide range of motion in the arm — from\nscratching your back to throwing the perfect pitch.\n\nMobility has its price, however. It may lead to increasing problems with\ninstability or impingement of the soft tissue or bony structures in your\nshoulder, resulting in pain. You may feel pain only when you move your\nshoulder, or all of the time. The pain may be temporary or it may continue and\nrequire medical diagnosis and treatment.\n\nThis article explains some of the common causes of shoulder pain, as well as\nsome general treatment options. Your doctor can give you more detailed\ninformation about your shoulder pain.\n\nAnatomy\n\nThis simplified illustration of the shoulder highlights the major components\nof the joint.\n\nYour shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your\nshoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle).\n\nThe head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder\nblade. This socket is called the glenoid. A combination of muscles and tendons\nkeeps your arm bone centered in your shoulder socket. These tissues are called\nthe rotator cuff. They cover the head of your upper arm bone and attach it to\nyour shoulder blade.\n\nTop of page\n\nCause\n\nMost shoulder problems fall into four major categories:\n\n * Tendon inflammation (bursitis or tendinitis) or tendon tear\n * Instability\n * Arthritis\n * Fracture (broken bone)\n\nOther much less common causes of shoulder pain are tumors, infection, and\nnerve-related problems.\n\n#### Bursitis\n\nBursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that are located in joints throughout the\nbody, including the shoulder. They act as cushions between bones and the\noverlying soft tissues, and help reduce friction between the gliding muscles\nand the bone.\n\nSometimes, excessive use of the shoulder leads to inflammation and swelling of\nthe bursa between the rotator cuff and part of the shoulder blade known as the\nacromion. The result is a condition known as subacromial bursitis. Bursitis\noften occurs in association with rotator cuff tendinitis. The many tissues in\nthe shoulder can become inflamed and painful. Many daily activities, such as\ncombing your hair or getting dressed, may become difficult.\n\n#### Tendinitis\n\nA tendon is a cord that connects muscle to bone. Most tendinitis is a result\nof a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time, much like the\nwearing process on the sole of a shoe that eventually splits from overuse.\n\nGenerally, tendinitis is one of two types:\n\n * Acute. Excessive ball throwing or other overhead activities during work or sport can lead to acute tendinitis.\n * Chronic. Degenerative diseases like arthritis or repetitive wear and tear due to age, can lead to chronic tendinitis.\n\nThe most commonly affected tendons in the shoulder are the four rotator cuff\ntendons and one of the biceps tendons. The rotator cuff is made up of four\nsmall muscles and their tendons that cover the head of your upper arm bone and\nkeep it in the shoulder socket. Your rotator cuff helps provide shoulder\nmotion and stability.\n\n#### Tendon Tears\n\nSplitting and tearing of tendons may result from acute injury or degenerative\nchanges in the tendons due to advancing age, long-term overuse and wear and\ntear, or a sudden injury. These tears may be partial or may completely split\nthe tendon into two pieces. In most cases of complete tears, the tendon is\npulled away from its attachment to the bone. Rotator cuff and biceps tendon\ninjuries are among the most common of these injuries.\n\n#### Impingement\n\nShoulder impingement occurs when the top of the shoulder blade (acromion) puts\npressure on the underlying soft tissues when the arm is lifted away from the\nbody. As the arm is lifted, the acromion rubs, or \"impinges\" on, the rotator\ncuff tendons and bursa. This can lead to bursitis and tendinitis, causing pain\nand limiting movement. Over time, severe impingement can even lead to a\nrotator cuff tear.\n\n#### Instability\n\nShoulder instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out\nof the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of a sudden injury or from\noveruse.\n\nShoulder dislocations can be partial, with the ball of the upper arm coming\njust partially out of the socket. This is called a subluxation. A complete\ndislocation means the ball comes all the way out of the socket.\n\nOnce the ligaments, tendons, and muscles around the shoulder become loose or\ntorn, dislocations can occur repeatedly. Recurring dislocations, which may be\npartial or complete, cause pain and unsteadiness when you raise your arm or\nmove it away from your body. Repeated episodes of subluxations or dislocations\nlead to an increased risk of developing arthritis in the joint.\n\n#### Arthritis\n\nShoulder pain can also result from arthritis. There are many types of\narthritis. The most common type of arthritis in the shoulder is\nosteoarthritis, also known as \"wear and tear\" arthritis. Symptoms, such as\nswelling, pain, and stiffness, typically begin during middle age.\nOsteoarthritis develops slowly and the pain it causes worsens over time.\n\nOsteoarthritis, may be related to sports or work injuries and chronic wear and\ntear. Other types of arthritis can be related to rotator cuff tears,\ninfection, or an inflammation of the joint lining.\n\nOften people will avoid shoulder movements in an attempt to lessen arthritis\npain. This sometimes leads to a tightening or stiffening of the soft tissue\nparts of the joint, resulting in a painful restriction of motion.\n\n#### Fracture\n\nFractures are broken bones. Shoulder fractures commonly involve the clavicle\n(collarbone), humerus (upper arm bone), and scapula (shoulder blade).\n\nShoulder fractures in older patients are often the result of a fall from\nstanding height. In younger patients, shoulder fractures are often caused by a\nhigh energy injury, such as a motor vehicle accident or contact sports injury.\n\nFractures often cause severe pain, swelling, and bruising about the shoulder.\n\nTop of page\n\nDoctor's Examination\n\nIn the case of an acute injury causing intense pain, seek medical care as soon\nas possible. If the pain is less severe, it may be safe to rest a few days to\nsee if time will resolve the problem. If symptoms persist, see a doctor.\n\nYour doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation in order to determine the cause\nof your shoulder pain and provide you with treatment options.\n\n#### Medical History\n\nThe first step in the evaluation is a thorough medical history. Your doctor\nmay ask how and when the pain started, whether it has occurred before and how\nit was treated, and other questions to help determine both your general health\nand the possible causes of your shoulder problem. Because most shoulder\nconditions are aggravated by specific activities, and relieved by specific\nactivities, a medical history can be a valuable tool in finding the source of\nyour pain.\n\n#### Physical Examination\n\nA comprehensive examination will be required to find the causes of your\nshoulder pain. Your doctor will look for physical abnormalities, swelling,\ndeformity or muscle weakness, and check for tender areas. He or she will\nobserve your shoulder range of motion and strength.\n\n#### Tests\n\nYour doctor may order specific tests to help identify the cause of your pain\nand any other problems.\n\nX-rays. These pictures will show any injuries to the bones that make up your\nshoulder joint.\n\nMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Thes imaging studies create\nbetter pictures of soft tissues. It may help your doctor identify injuries to\nthe ligaments and tendons surrounding your shoulder joint.\n\nComputed tomography (CT) scan. This tool combines x-rays with computer\ntechnology to produce a very detailed view of the bones in the shoulder area.\n\nElectrical studies. Your doctor may order a tests, such as the EMG\n(electromyogram), to evaluate nerve function.\n\nArthrogram. During this x-ray study, dye is injected into the shoulder to\nbetter show the joint and its surrounding muscles and tendons.\n\nArthroscopy. In this surgical procedure, your doctor looks inside the joint\nwith a fiber-optic camera. Arthroscopy may show soft tissue injuries that are\nnot apparent from the physical examination, x-rays, and other tests. In\naddition to helping find the cause of pain, arthroscopy may be used to correct\nthe problem.\n\nTop of page\n\nTreatment\n\n#### Activity Changes\n\nTreatment generally involves rest, altering your activities, and physical\ntherapy to help you improve shoulder strength and flexibility. Common sense\nsolutions such as avoiding overexertion or overdoing activities in which you\nnormally do not participate can help to prevent shoulder pain.\n\n#### Medications\n\nYour doctor may prescribe medication to reduce inflammation and pain. If\nmedication is prescribed to relieve pain, it should be taken only as directed.\nYour doctor may also recommend injections of numbing medicines or steroids to\nrelieve pain.\n\n#### Surgery\n\nSurgery may be required to resolve some shoulder problems; however, 90 percent\nof patients with shoulder pain will respond to simple treatment methods such\nas altering activities, rest, exercise, and medication.\n\nCertain types of shoulder problems, such as recurring dislocations and some\nrotator cuff tears, may not benefit from exercise. In these cases, surgery may\nbe recommended fairly early.\n\nSurgery can involve arthroscopy to remove scar tissue or repair torn tissues,\nor traditional, open procedures for larger reconstructions or shoulder\nreplacement.\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: December 2010\n\nContributed and/or Updated by: Benjamin Widmer, MD\n\nPeer-Reviewed by: George S. Athwal, MD; Stuart J. Fischer, MD; J. Michael\nWiater, MD\n\nContributor Disclosure Information\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2010 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears\n\nRotator Cuff Tears (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00064)\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00222)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00529)\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00031)\n\nArthroscopy\n\nArthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00109)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00394)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00704)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n(/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears\n\nRotator Cuff Tears (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00064)\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00222)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00529)\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00031)\n\nArthroscopy\n\nArthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00109)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00394)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00704)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n(/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210526083940/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931","parsed_text":{"title":"Stretching: Focus on flexibility","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Stretching: Focus on flexibility - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://mghsportsmedicine.org/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20141217124548/http://mghsportsmedicine.org/","parsed_text":{"title":"","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.saltworks.us:80/salt_info/epsom-uses-benefits.asp","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160211195356/http://www.saltworks.us:80/salt_info/epsom-uses-benefits.asp","parsed_text":{"title":"Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits","passages":["Epsom salt, named for a bitter saline spring at Epsom in Surrey, England, is not actually salt but a naturally occurring pure mineral compound of magnesium and sulfate. Long known as a natural remedy for a number of ailments, Epsom salt has numerous health benefits as well as many beauty, household and gardening-related uses.","Studies have shown that magnesium and sulfate are both readily absorbed through the skin, making Epsom salt baths an easy and ideal way to enjoy the amazing health benefits (*1). Magnesium plays a number of roles in the body including regulating the activity of over 325 enzymes, reducing inflammation, helping muscle and nerve function and helping to prevent artery hardening. Sulfates help improve the absorption of nutrients, flush toxins and help ease migraine headaches.","The wonders of Epsom salt have been well known for hundreds of years and unlike other salts, Epsom salt has beneficial properties that can soothe the body, mind and soul. Some of the countless health benefits include relaxing the nervous system, curing skin problems, soothing back pain and aching limbs, easing muscle strain, healing cuts, treating cold and congestion, and drawing toxins from the body. One of the simplest ways to ease stress and stress- related problems is to soak in a tub full of hot water with a few cups of Ultra Epsom® Salt. Some of the magical benefits of Epsom salt include:","Stress drains the body of magnesium and increases levels of adrenaline. When dissolved in warm water, Epsom salt is absorbed through the skin and replenishes the level of magnesium in the body. The magnesium helps to produce serotonin, a mood-elevating chemical within the brain that creates a feeling of calm and relaxation. Research shows that magnesium also increases energy and stamina by encouraging the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy packets made in the cells. Experts believe that bathing with Epsom salt at least three times a week helps you to look better, feel better and gain more energy. Magnesium ions also relax and reduce irritability by lowering the effects of adrenaline. They create a relaxed feeling, improve sleep and concentration, and help muscles and nerves to function properly.","An Epsom salt bath is known to ease pain and relieve inflammation, making it beneficial in the treatment of sore muscles, bronchial asthma and migraine headaches. In addition, it has been known to heal cuts and reduce soreness from childbirth. Mix a thick paste of Epsom salt with hot water and apply to get soothing comfort. Try soaking your aching, tired (and smelly) feet in a tub of water with half a cup of our Ultra Epsom Salt. Epsom salt softens skin and will even neutralize foot odor.","Numerous studies have revealed that Epsom salt can be used to treat constipation. Taken internally, Epson salt acts as a detoxifying agent for colon cleansing. The salt acts like a laxative by increasing water in the intestines and can bring about temporary relief from constipation. However, it is strictly warned that Epsom salts should not be used to relieve constipation without the consultation of a physician.","The sulfates in Epsom salt help flush toxins and heavy metals from the cells, easing muscle pain and helping the body to eliminate harmful substances. Your skin is a highly porous membrane and adding the right minerals to your bathwater triggers a process called reverse osmosis, which actually pulls salt out of your body, and harmful toxins along with it. For a detoxifying bath, at least once weekly add two cups of our Ultra Epsom Salt to the water in a bathtub and soak for 10 minutes.","Whether you like a relaxing soak or wish to enhance your beauty effortlessly, making Epsom salt a part of your daily routine can add a whole lot of goodness to your way of life. To experience the numerous health benefits of Epsom salt, take relaxing, stress-relieving Epsom salt baths three times weekly by adding 2 cups Ultra Epsom Salt to a warm bath and soaking for at least 12 minutes. For the added benefit of moisturizing your skin, add 1/2 cup olive oil or baby oil. Do not use soap as it will interfere with the action of the salts. Try to rest for about two hours afterwards. If you have arthritic joints move them as much as possible after an Epsom salt bath to prevent congestion in the joints.","As a foot bath, pamper weary feet by adding 1/2 cup of Epsom salt to a basin of warm water. Relax and soak feet for 20 minutes. If you like, rub away any calluses using a pumice stone. Dry feet, then add two drops of peppermint essential oil to your favorite natural moisturizer, like shea or coconut butter, and rub in thoroughly to lock in the moisture. If you are pregnant or have any health concerns, check with your doctor before using Epsom salts.","Treat toenail fungus - Soak your affected toes in hot water mixed with a handful of Epsom salt three times a day.","Soothe sprains and bruises - Add 2 cups Epsom salt to a warm bath and soak to reduce the pain and swelling of sprains and bruises.","Ease discomfort of Gout - Ease the discomfort of gout and reduce inflammation by adding 2-3 teaspoons of Epsom salts into a basin and immersing the affected foot/joint. The water should be as hot as it is comfortable. Soak for about 30 minutes.","Exfoliate dead skin - In the shower or bath, mix a handful of Epsom salt with a tablespoon of bath or olive oil and rub all over your wet skin to exfoliate and soften. Rinse thoroughly.","Exfoliating face cleanser - To clean your face and exfoliate skin at the same time, mix a half-teaspoon of Epsom salt with your regular cleansing cream. Gently massage into skin and rinse with cold water.","Dislodge blackheads - Add a teaspoon of Epsom salt and 3 drops iodine into a half cup of boiling water. Apply this mixture to the blackheads with a cotton ball.","Remove foot odor - Mix a half cup of Epsom salt in warm water and soak your feet for 10 minutes to remove bad odor, sooth achy feet, and soften rough skin.","Remove hairspray - Combine 1 gallon of water, 1 cup of lemon juice, and 1 cup Epsom salt. Cover the mixture and let set for 24 hours. The next day, pour the mixture into your dry hair and leave on for 20 minutes before shampooing as normal.","Hair volumizer - Combine equal parts deep conditioner and Epsom salt and warm in a pan. Work the warm mixture through your hair and leave on for 20 minutes. Rinse thoroughly.","Clean bathroom tiles - Mix equal parts Epsom salt and liquid dish detergent and use as a scrub on bathroom tile.","As a hand wash - Mix Epsom salt with baby oil and keep by the sink for an effective hand wash.","Clean detergent build-up on washing machines - Fill the machine tub with hot water, add Epsom salt, and run an agitate/soak/agitate cycle to dissolve detergent build-up (please consult your machine's instruction manual for specific instructions).","Fertilize your houseplants - Most plants need nutrients like magnesium and sulfur to stay in good health and Epsom salt makes the primary nutrients in most plant foods (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) more effective. Sprinkle Epsom salt once weekly to help nourish your houseplants, flowers and vegetables.","Keep your lawn green - Magnesium sulfate crystals, when added to the soil, provide vital nutrients that help prevent yellowing leaves and the loss of green color (magnesium is an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule) in plants. Add 2 tablespoons of Epsom salt to a gallon of water and sprinkle on your lawn to keep the grass healthy and green.","Insecticide spray - Use Epson salts on your lawn and in your garden to safely and naturally get rid of plant pests.","(1.) \"Report on Absorption of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) across the skin\", Dr RH Waring, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham. B15 2TT, U.K.","At SaltWorks we are constantly striving to improve and update our content. Do you have comments or additions that you think should be included here? Please let us know! We welcome your suggestions.","If you found our content useful, please help support it by adding a link to us from your website. Simply cut and paste this HTML code directly into your page to add a text link back to this page:","We have many different varieties of sea salt available in our online store — from gourmet salts to theraputic bath salts. Try some today!","The statements and products shown on this website have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.","Our mission is to offer the most comprehensive selection of premium specialty salts, with an emphasis on superior quality, exceptional value, and outstanding customer service. We strongly believe that customer satisfaction is crucial to our company’s success—and so we make every effort to assist our customers in all possible ways. We continually strive to be an industry leader in innovation; to be consistently open to new ideas and new ways of approaching business, while keeping in mind the founding values upon which we are built. We believe in being an honest, fair company, and make every effort to demonstrate this in our actions—from choosing ethically responsible suppliers to educating our customers about any and every aspect of our product lines. We are America's Sea Salt Company®©2001 - 2016 SaltWorks®, All Rights Reserved"]},"parsed_md":"Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits | SaltWorks\n\n| | |\n\nJoin our email list \n \n--- \n \nRetail Gourmet\n\nBulk Gourmet\n\nRetail Bath & Spa\n\nBulk Bath & Spa\n\nGift Guide\n\n| Share\n\n# Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits\n\n## What is Epsom salt?\n\nEpsom salt, named for a bitter saline spring at Epsom in Surrey, England, is\nnot actually salt but a naturally occurring pure mineral compound of magnesium\nand sulfate. Long known as a natural remedy for a number of ailments, Epsom\nsalt has numerous health benefits as well as many beauty, household and\ngardening-related uses.\n\nStudies have shown that magnesium and sulfate are both readily absorbed\nthrough the skin, making Epsom salt baths an easy and ideal way to enjoy the\namazing health benefits (*1). Magnesium plays a number of roles in the body\nincluding regulating the activity of over 325 enzymes, reducing inflammation,\nhelping muscle and nerve function and helping to prevent artery hardening.\nSulfates help improve the absorption of nutrients, flush toxins and help ease\nmigraine headaches.\n\n## What are the health benefits of using Epsom salt?\n\n|\n\nUltra Epsom® Salt by SaltWorks, the most trusted brand of high quality,\npharmaceutical grade Epsom salt available.\n\nJust $6.50 for 5 lbs. \n \n--- \n \nThe wonders of Epsom salt have been well known for hundreds of years and\nunlike other salts, Epsom salt has beneficial properties that can soothe the\nbody, mind and soul. Some of the countless health benefits include relaxing\nthe nervous system, curing skin problems, soothing back pain and aching limbs,\neasing muscle strain, healing cuts, treating cold and congestion, and drawing\ntoxins from the body. One of the simplest ways to ease stress and stress-\nrelated problems is to soak in a tub full of hot water with a few cups of\nUltra Epsom® Salt. Some of the magical benefits of Epsom salt include:\n\n#### Eases stress and relaxes the body\n\nStress drains the body of magnesium and increases levels of adrenaline. When\ndissolved in warm water, Epsom salt is absorbed through the skin and\nreplenishes the level of magnesium in the body. The magnesium helps to produce\nserotonin, a mood-elevating chemical within the brain that creates a feeling\nof calm and relaxation. Research shows that magnesium also increases energy\nand stamina by encouraging the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the\nenergy packets made in the cells. Experts believe that bathing with Epsom salt\nat least three times a week helps you to look better, feel better and gain\nmore energy. Magnesium ions also relax and reduce irritability by lowering the\neffects of adrenaline. They create a relaxed feeling, improve sleep and\nconcentration, and help muscles and nerves to function properly.\n\n#### Relieves pain and muscle cramps\n\nAn Epsom salt bath is known to ease pain and relieve inflammation, making it\nbeneficial in the treatment of sore muscles, bronchial asthma and migraine\nheadaches. In addition, it has been known to heal cuts and reduce soreness\nfrom childbirth. Mix a thick paste of Epsom salt with hot water and apply to\nget soothing comfort. Try soaking your aching, tired (and smelly) feet in a\ntub of water with half a cup of our Ultra Epsom Salt. Epsom salt softens skin\nand will even neutralize foot odor.\n\n#### Relieves constipation\n\nNumerous studies have revealed that Epsom salt can be used to treat\nconstipation. Taken internally, Epson salt acts as a detoxifying agent for\ncolon cleansing. The salt acts like a laxative by increasing water in the\nintestines and can bring about temporary relief from constipation. However, it\nis strictly warned that Epsom salts should not be used to relieve constipation\nwithout the consultation of a physician.\n\n#### Eliminates toxins from the body\n\nThe sulfates in Epsom salt help flush toxins and heavy metals from the cells,\neasing muscle pain and helping the body to eliminate harmful substances. Your\nskin is a highly porous membrane and adding the right minerals to your\nbathwater triggers a process called reverse osmosis, which actually pulls salt\nout of your body, and harmful toxins along with it. For a detoxifying bath, at\nleast once weekly add two cups of our Ultra Epsom Salt to the water in a\nbathtub and soak for 10 minutes.\n\n## What are some uses of Epsom salt?\n\nWhether you like a relaxing soak or wish to enhance your beauty effortlessly,\nmaking Epsom salt a part of your daily routine can add a whole lot of goodness\nto your way of life. To experience the numerous health benefits of Epsom salt,\ntake relaxing, stress-relieving Epsom salt baths three times weekly by adding\n2 cups Ultra Epsom Salt to a warm bath and soaking for at least 12 minutes.\nFor the added benefit of moisturizing your skin, add 1/2 cup olive oil or baby\noil. Do not use soap as it will interfere with the action of the salts. Try to\nrest for about two hours afterwards. If you have arthritic joints move them as\nmuch as possible after an Epsom salt bath to prevent congestion in the joints.\n\nAs a foot bath, pamper weary feet by adding 1/2 cup of Epsom salt to a basin\nof warm water. Relax and soak feet for 20 minutes. If you like, rub away any\ncalluses using a pumice stone. Dry feet, then add two drops of peppermint\nessential oil to your favorite natural moisturizer, like shea or coconut\nbutter, and rub in thoroughly to lock in the moisture. If you are pregnant or\nhave any health concerns, check with your doctor before using Epsom salts.\n\n### Epsom salt uses: HEALTH\n\nAthlete’s Foot - Soak feet in an Epsom salt bath to help relieve the symptoms\nof Athlete’s Foot.\n\nRemove splinters - Soak affected skin area in an Epsom salt bath to draw out\nthe splinter.\n\nTreat toenail fungus - Soak your affected toes in hot water mixed with a\nhandful of Epsom salt three times a day.\n\nSoothe sprains and bruises - Add 2 cups Epsom salt to a warm bath and soak to\nreduce the pain and swelling of sprains and bruises.\n\nEase discomfort of Gout - Ease the discomfort of gout and reduce inflammation\nby adding 2-3 teaspoons of Epsom salts into a basin and immersing the affected\nfoot/joint. The water should be as hot as it is comfortable. Soak for about 30\nminutes.\n\n### Epsom salt uses: BEAUTY\n\nExfoliate dead skin - In the shower or bath, mix a handful of Epsom salt with\na tablespoon of bath or olive oil and rub all over your wet skin to exfoliate\nand soften. Rinse thoroughly.\n\nExfoliating face cleanser - To clean your face and exfoliate skin at the same\ntime, mix a half-teaspoon of Epsom salt with your regular cleansing cream.\nGently massage into skin and rinse with cold water.\n\nDislodge blackheads - Add a teaspoon of Epsom salt and 3 drops iodine into a\nhalf cup of boiling water. Apply this mixture to the blackheads with a cotton\nball.\n\nRemove foot odor - Mix a half cup of Epsom salt in warm water and soak your\nfeet for 10 minutes to remove bad odor, sooth achy feet, and soften rough\nskin.\n\nRemove hairspray - Combine 1 gallon of water, 1 cup of lemon juice, and 1 cup\nEpsom salt. Cover the mixture and let set for 24 hours. The next day, pour the\nmixture into your dry hair and leave on for 20 minutes before shampooing as\nnormal.\n\nHair volumizer - Combine equal parts deep conditioner and Epsom salt and warm\nin a pan. Work the warm mixture through your hair and leave on for 20 minutes.\nRinse thoroughly.\n\n### Epsom salt uses: HOUSEHOLD\n\nClean bathroom tiles - Mix equal parts Epsom salt and liquid dish detergent\nand use as a scrub on bathroom tile.\n\nPrevent slugs - Sprinkle Epsom salt on or near interior entry points to\nprevent slugs.\n\nAs a hand wash - Mix Epsom salt with baby oil and keep by the sink for an\neffective hand wash.\n\nClean detergent build-up on washing machines - Fill the machine tub with hot\nwater, add Epsom salt, and run an agitate/soak/agitate cycle to dissolve\ndetergent build-up (please consult your machine's instruction manual for\nspecific instructions).\n\n### Epsom salt uses: GARDENING\n\nFertilize your houseplants - Most plants need nutrients like magnesium and\nsulfur to stay in good health and Epsom salt makes the primary nutrients in\nmost plant foods (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) more effective. Sprinkle\nEpsom salt once weekly to help nourish your houseplants, flowers and\nvegetables.\n\nKeep your lawn green - Magnesium sulfate crystals, when added to the soil,\nprovide vital nutrients that help prevent yellowing leaves and the loss of\ngreen color (magnesium is an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule) in\nplants. Add 2 tablespoons of Epsom salt to a gallon of water and sprinkle on\nyour lawn to keep the grass healthy and green.\n\nInsecticide spray - Use Epson salts on your lawn and in your garden to safely\nand naturally get rid of plant pests.\n\nRead on for more information on gardening with Epsom salt.\n\n(1.) \"Report on Absorption of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) across the\nskin\", Dr RH Waring, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham. B15 2TT,\nU.K.\n\nAt SaltWorks we are constantly striving to improve and update our content. Do\nyou have comments or additions that you think should be included here? Please\nlet us know! We welcome your suggestions.\n\nSend us an email: info@seasalt.com \n \n--- \n \nIf you found our content useful, please help support it by adding a link to us\nfrom your website. Simply cut and paste this HTML code directly into your page\nto add a text link back to this page: \n \nWe have many different varieties of sea salt available in our online store —\nfrom gourmet salts to theraputic bath salts. Try some today!\n\nShop:\n\n * Gourmet Sea Salts – Retail\n * Gourmet Sea Salts – Bulk\n * Bath & Spa Sea Salts – Retail\n * Bath & Spa Sea Salts – Bulk\n\n|\n\nRelated Products:\n\n| Ultra Epsom® Bath Salt| Bokek® Premium Dead Sea Bath Salt \n---|--- \n \n## General Salt Information:\n\n|\n\nWhat is Salt? \n \n--- \n \nHistory of Salt \n \nSalt Uses & Tips \n \nGardening with Epsom Salt \n \nOptically Clean® Technology \n \n## Health Related:\n\nSalt and Good Health \n \n--- \n \nSalt and Human Health \n \nSalt for Human Nutrition \n \nBalneotherapy (Bath Treatment) \n \n## Cooking / Culinary Related:\n\nGourmet Sea Salt Guide \n \n--- \n \nHow to Use Flavored Salt \n \nHow to Use Smoked Salt \n \nKosher Salt Guide \n \nHimalayan Salt \n \nWhat is Organic Salt? \n \nSalt in Food \n \n## Bath and Spa Related:\n\nBath Salt Guide \n \n--- \n \nDead Sea Salt Bathing \n \nEpsom Salt Uses & Benefits \n \nBath & Salt Water Therapy \n \nMaking Bath Salts \n \nBenefits of Bokek® Dead Sea Salt \n \n## Dead Sea Salt Related:\n\nAbout the Dead Sea \n \n--- \n \nBenefits of Dead Sea Salt \n \nDead Sea Salt Research \n \nShop with Confidence at SaltWorks: \n \n--- \n|\n\nGet Social with SaltWorks: \n \n--- \n \n* The statements and products shown on this website have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. \n \nOur mission is to offer the most comprehensive selection of premium specialty\nsalts, with an emphasis on superior quality, exceptional value, and\noutstanding customer service. We strongly believe that customer satisfaction\nis crucial to our company’s success—and so we make every effort to assist our\ncustomers in all possible ways. We continually strive to be an industry leader\nin innovation; to be consistently open to new ideas and new ways of\napproaching business, while keeping in mind the founding values upon which we\nare built. We believe in being an honest, fair company, and make every effort\nto demonstrate this in our actions—from choosing ethically responsible\nsuppliers to educating our customers about any and every aspect of our product\nlines. We are America's Sea Salt Company®©2001 - 2016 SaltWorks®, All Rights\nReserved\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180804001859/http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy","parsed_text":{"title":"What is physiotherapy?","passages":["Disruption to CSP website from 8 am Wed 1 to 9 am Mon 6 Aug - access will be restricted to 'read-only' in this period while we prepare to launch our new site. As a result you will not be able to access member-only content, including the portfolio, e-learning and discovery services or add content or update your details. We apologise for the inconvenience this may cause.","For urgent access to member-only content or to update your details, please contact our Enquiries Team on 020 7306 6666.","The profession helps to encourage development and facilitate recovery, enabling people to stay in work while helping them to remain independent for as long as possible.","Physiotherapy is a science-based profession and takes a ‘whole person’ approach to health and wellbeing, which includes the patient’s general lifestyle.","At the core is the patient’s involvement in their own care, through education, awareness, empowerment and participation in their treatment.","You can benefit from physiotherapy at any time in your life. Physiotherapy helps with back pain or sudden injury, managing long-term medical condition such as asthma, and in preparing for childbirth or a sporting event.","Physiotherapy is a degree-based healthcare profession. Physios use their knowledge and skills to improve a range of conditions associated with different systems of the body, such as:","Physiotherapists work in a variety of specialisms in health and social care. Additionally, some physiotherapists are involved in education, research and service management.","The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP) is the professional, educational and trade union body for the UK's 57,000 chartered physiotherapists, physiotherapy students and support workers. Find out more about us."]},"parsed_md":"What is physiotherapy? | The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\n\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\n\n * Log in\n * CSP Home\n * Networks\n * Help\n\n * Professional and union\n\n * CSP publications\n * Physiotherapy Works\n * Library\n * Professionalism\n * Practice\n * Careers and development\n * Research\n * Union support\n\n## Featured pages\n\nPLI and insurance\n\nSee revised guidance for CSP members on insurance\n\nPay and conditions\n\nCSP campaigns to secure better pay and conditions for members\n\nPhysiotherapy Journal\n\nJournal services including abstracts and archive\n\nProfessionalism\n\nDeliver high standards with these member resources\n\nWorkforce data model\n\nPhysiotherapy supply and demand\n\nJobs\n\nFind a job or advertise with Job Escalator\n\n * Membership\n\n * Join the CSP\n * Update your details\n * Membership rates\n * Frequently asked questions\n * Associates\n * Students\n * Newly-qualified\n * Membership benefits\n\n## Featured pages\n\nJoin the CSP\n\nJoin as a full member, associate or student\n\nBenefits of CSP membership\n\nInsurance, news, resources, advice and support.\n\nCSP plus\n\nExclusive member-only discounts and offers\n\n * News & Events\n\n * News\n * Frontline magazine\n * Blogs\n * Physiotherapy News email\n * Events\n * Social media\n\n## Featured pages\n\nARC 2018\n\nThe 2018 Annual Representative Conference will take place on 5-6 March in\nManchester\n\nRead our latest blogs\n\nHear what our guests and experts have to say\n\n * iCSP\n\n * Popular content\n * Latest content\n\n * Your health\n\n * Find a physio\n * What is physiotherapy?\n * Conditions\n * Sports advice\n * Exercise advice\n * Keeping healthy at work\n * Live long, live well\n * Patient stories\n * Information for carers\n * Information for GPs and doctors\n\n## Featured pages\n\nPhysiotherapy Works\n\nThe evidence for physiotherapy and how it can help you\n\nPhysio2u\n\nFind a chartered physio with our directory of private practices\n\nDownload information leaflets\n\nAdvice and guidance on sports, exercise and workplace health\n\n * Press & Policy\n\n * Policy\n * Press\n\n## Featured pages\n\nPress releases\n\nLatest news releases and statements for the media\n\n * Nations & Regions\n\nNations\n\n * England\n * Northern Ireland\n * Scotland\n * Wales\n\nEnglish regions\n\n * East Midlands\n * East of England\n * London\n * North East\n * North West\n\n * South Central\n * South East Coast\n * South West\n * West Midlands\n * Yorkshire and the Humber\n\n * About us\n\n * Contact us\n * Find us\n * Advertise with us\n * What we do\n * Structure and governance\n * Who we work with\n * Working for us\n * International\n * CSP history\n\n## Featured pages\n\nCouncil\n\nCSP Council is the Society's elected governing body\n\nCSP strategy 2017-20\n\nFind out the priorities for the next three years\n\nUsing the CSP brand\n\nGuidance on using CSP badges and logos\n\nDisruption to CSP website from 8 am Wed 1 to 9 am Mon 6 Aug - access will be\nrestricted to 'read-only' in this period while we prepare to launch our new\nsite. As a result you will not be able to access member-only content,\nincluding the portfolio, e-learning and discovery services or add content or\nupdate your details. We apologise for the inconvenience this may cause.\n\nFor urgent access to member-only content or to update your details, please\ncontact our Enquiries Team on 020 7306 6666.\n\nHome » Your health » What is physiotherapy?\n\n * Your health\n\n * Live long, live well\n * Exercise advice\n * Find a physio\n * Love Activity, Hate Exercise? campaign\n * Public information leaflets\n * Conditions\n * What is physiotherapy?\n * Physiotherapy works\n * Healthy at work\n * Patient stories\n * For GPs and doctors\n * For carers\n * Fitness for work\n * Sports advice\n\n### Connect with us\n\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Find us on Facebook\n * Find us on Vimeo\n\n### Basket\n\nView your shopping cart.\n\n# What is physiotherapy?\n\nPhysiotherapy helps restore movement and function when someone is affected by\ninjury, illness or disability.\n\n### Find a physiotherapist\n\nHow do you get to see a physiotherapist? Find out about access options here.\n\nFind a qualified physiotherapist near you with our Physio2U directory\n\nPhysiotherapists help people affected by injury, illness or disability through\nmovement and exercise, manual therapy, education and advice.\n\nThey maintain health for people of all ages, helping patients to manage pain\nand prevent disease.\n\nThe profession helps to encourage development and facilitate recovery,\nenabling people to stay in work while helping them to remain independent for\nas long as possible.\n\n## What physiotherapists do\n\n### Read the evidence\n\nOur Physiotherapy Works briefings demonstrate the effectiveness of\nphysiotherapy in treating a wide range of conditions\n\nPhysiotherapy is a science-based profession and takes a ‘whole person’\napproach to health and wellbeing, which includes the patient’s general\nlifestyle.\n\nAt the core is the patient’s involvement in their own care, through education,\nawareness, empowerment and participation in their treatment.\n\nYou can benefit from physiotherapy at any time in your life. Physiotherapy\nhelps with back pain or sudden injury, managing long-term medical condition\nsuch as asthma, and in preparing for childbirth or a sporting event.\n\n## Why physiotherapy?\n\nPhysiotherapy is a degree-based healthcare profession. Physios use their\nknowledge and skills to improve a range of conditions associated with\ndifferent systems of the body, such as:\n\n * Neurological (stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's)\n * Neuromusculoskeletal (back pain, whiplash associated disorder, sports injuries, arthritis)\n * Cardiovascular (chronic heart disease, rehabilitation after heart attack)\n * Respiratory (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis).\n\nPhysiotherapists work in a variety of specialisms in health and social care.\nAdditionally, some physiotherapists are involved in education, research and\nservice management.\n\n## Find out more\n\nCommon conditions and how physiotherapy can help\n\nWhat does \"chartered\" mean?\n\nA career in physiotherapy\n\nPhysio2U: find a qualified physiotherapist in your area\n\n## Links\n\nBack to top\n\n## Last reviewed\n\n14 March 2018\n\n### User login\n\n### Featured content\n\n * Assessment of core stability\n\n * Recommended equipment for disability gym for clients with complex needs\n\n * Falls Presentation in Care Homes\n\n * Clinical Wisdom to Predict Extubation Outcomes In Critical Care\n\n * Hypermobility Pathway 0-17years\n\n### Site highlights\n\n * Careers\n * Physiotherapy works\n * Publications\n\nBack to top\n\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP) is the professional, educational\nand trade union body for the UK's 57,000 chartered physiotherapists,\nphysiotherapy students and support workers. Find out more about us.\n\nA Company Incorporated by Royal Charter (England/Wales). Company registration\nnumber RC000107.\n\nRegistered office:\n\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\n\n14 Bedford Row\n\nLondon, WC1R 4ED.\n\n+44 (0)20 7306 6666\n\n. 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In fact it would be more correct to call it the SHOULDER COMPLEX. This section will hopefully explain some of the terminology you might hear and relate this to disorders of the shoulder complex. Understanding how the different layers of the shoulder are built and connected can help you understand how the shoulder works and is affected by injury and overuse.","The deepest layer includes the bones and the joints of the shoulder. The next layer is made up of the ligaments of the joints. The tendons and the muscles come next. The nerves supply all the above stuctures and make them work.","The material on this website is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between ourselves and our patients. Full Disclaimer"]},"parsed_md":"Shoulder Anatomy | ShoulderDoc\n\n * Home\n * Patient Information\n * Shoulder\n * Shoulder Anatomy\n * Shoulder Anatomy\n\n# Shoulder Anatomy\n\nThe shoulder is one of the most sophisticated and complicated joints of the\nbody:\n\n * It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body with complete global movement allowing you to position the hand anywhere in space.\n * The coordinated activity of numerous muscles working together in set patterns is required to produce this motion\n * It is made up of FOUR joints and FIVE linked bone groups which are related and work together.\n * To allow so much movement the joints need to be 'free' to move, therefore the shoulder should be 'unstable' compared to other joints of the body; However a series of complex ligaments and muscle keep it in joint.\n\nBecause the shoulder is such a unique joint it is also prone to particular\nproblems. In fact it would be more correct to call it the SHOULDER COMPLEX.\nThis section will hopefully explain some of the terminology you might hear and\nrelate this to disorders of the shoulder complex. Understanding how the\ndifferent layers of the shoulder are built and connected can help you\nunderstand how the shoulder works and is affected by injury and overuse.\n\nThe deepest layer includes the bones and the joints of the shoulder. The next\nlayer is made up of the ligaments of the joints. The tendons and the muscles\ncome next. The nerves supply all the above stuctures and make them work.\n\n### Search ShoulderDoc.co.uk\n\n### Diagnose your shoulder\n\nThis is an interactive guide to help you find relevant patient information for\nyour shoulder problem.\n\nClick here to begin\n\n### Find a Shoulder Professional\n\n\\+ Add Your Clinic Advanced Search\n\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\nShoulderDoc.co.uk satisfies the INTUTE criteria for quality and has been\nawarded 'editor's choice'.\n\nThe material on this website is designed to support, not replace, the\nrelationship that exists between ourselves and our patients. Full Disclaimer\n\nShoulderDoc | Website last updated: 06/03/2021\n\nWebsite by: TheFresh Healthcare Marketing\n\nFollow @theshoulderdoc\n\nTweet to @theshoulderdoc\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916190511/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=A00066","parsed_text":{"title":"Shoulder Surgery -OrthoInfo","passages":["Your shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body. It allows you to place and rotate your arm in many positions in front, above, to the side, and behind your body. This flexibility also makes your shoulder susceptible to instability and injury.","Depending on the nature of the problem, nonsurgical methods of treatment often are recommended before surgery. However, in some instances, delaying the surgical repair of a shoulder can increase the likelihood that the problem will be more difficult to treat later. Early, correct diagnosis and treatment of shoulder problems can make a significant difference in the long run.","The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. It is made up of three bones: the upper arm bone (humerus), shoulder blade (scapula) and collarbone (clavicle).","The ball at the top end of the arm bone fits into the small socket (glenoid) of the shoulder blade to form the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint).","A smooth, durable surface (articular cartilage) on the head of the arm bone, and a thin inner lining (synovium) of the joint allows the smooth motion of the shoulder joint.","The upper part of the shoulder blade (acromion) projects over the shoulder joint. One end of the collarbone is joined with the shoulder blade by the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. The other end of the collarbone is joined with the breastbone (sternum) by the sternoclavicular joint.","The joint capsule is a thin sheet of fibers that surrounds the shoulder joint. The capsule allows a wide range of motion, yet provides stability.","The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that attach your upper arm to your shoulder blade. The rotator cuff covers the shoulder joint and joint capsule.","The muscles attached to the rotator cuff enable you to lift your arm, reach overhead, and take part in activities such as throwing or swimming.","A sac-like membrane (bursa) between the rotator cuff and the shoulder blade cushions and helps lubricate the motion between these two structures.","Bursitis or tendinitis can occur with overuse from repetitive activities, such as swimming, painting, or weight lifting. These activities cause rubbing or squeezing (impingement) of the rotator cuff under the acromion and in the acromioclavicular joint. Initially, these problems are treated by modifying the activity which causes the symptoms of pain and with a rehabilitation program for the shoulder.","Partial thickness rotator cuff tears can be associated with chronic inflammation and the development of spurs on the underside of the acromion or the acromioclavicular joint.","The conservative nonsurgical treatment is modification of activity, light exercise, and, occasionally, a cortisone injection. Nonsurgical treatment is successful in a majority of cases. If it is not successful, surgery often is needed to remove the spurs on the underside of the acromion and to repair the rotator cuff.","Full-thickness rotator cuff tears are most often the result of impingement, partial thickness rotator cuff tears, heavy lifting, or falls. Nonsurgical treatment with modification of activity is successful in a majority of cases.","If pain continues, surgery may be needed to repair full- thickness rotator cuff tears. Arthroscopic techniques allow shaving of spurs, evaluation of the rotator cuff, and repair of some tears.","Instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of sudden injury or from overuse of the shoulder ligaments.","The two basic forms of shoulder instability are subluxations and dislocations. A subluxation is a partial or incomplete dislocation. If the shoulder is partially out of the shoulder socket, it eventually may dislocate. Even a minor injury may push the arm bone out of its socket. A dislocation is when the head of the arm bone slips out of the shoulder socket. Some patients have chronic instability. Shoulder dislocations may occur repeatedly.","Patients with repeat dislocation usually require surgery. Open surgical repair may require a short stay in the hospital. Arthroscopic surgical repair is often done on an outpatient basis. Following either procedure, extensive rehabilitation, often including physical therapy, is necessary for healing.","A fractured collarbone and acromioclavicular separation are common injuries of children and others who fall on the side of their shoulder when playing. Most of these injuries are treated nonsurgically with slings or splints. Severe displaced fractures or acromioclavicular joint separation may require surgical repair.","A fractured head of the humerus is a common result of falls on an outstretched arm, particularly by older people with osteoporosis. If fragmented or displaced, it may require open surgical repair and possibly replacement with an artificial joint (prosthesis).","Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can destroy the shoulder joint and surrounding tissue. They can also cause degeneration and tearing of the capsule or the rotator cuff. Osteoarthritis occurs when the articular surface of the joint wears thin. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronic inflammation of the synovium lining which can produce chemicals that eventually destroy the inner lining of the joint, including the articular surface.","Shoulder replacement is recommended for patients with painful shoulders and limited motion. The treatment options are either replacement of the head of the bone or replacement of the entire socket. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you the best option.","A medical history to gather information about current complaints; duration of symptoms, pain and limitations; injuries; and past treatment with medications or surgery.","Diagnostic tests, such as X-rays taken with the shoulder in various positions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be helpful in assessing soft tissues in the shoulder. Computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to evaluate the bony parts of the shoulder.","Your orthopaedic surgeon will review the results of your evaluation with you and discuss the best treatment. You and your doctor may agree that surgery is the best treatment option. He or she will explain the potential risks and complications that may occur. Your doctor may discuss donating your own blood to be used if needed during surgery.","Some surgical procedures require hospitalization for a number of days. Your doctor may discuss planning for the period after surgery. You may need to either stay in an extended care facility or have someone help you when you return home.","Arthroscopy allows the orthopaedic surgeon to insert a pencil-thin device with a small lens and lighting system into tiny incisions to look inside the joint. The images inside the joint are relayed to a TV monitor, allowing the doctor to make a diagnosis. Other surgical instruments can be inserted to make repairs, based on what is with the arthroscope. Arthroscopy often can be done on an outpatient basis. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, more than 1.4 million shoulder arthroscopies are performed worldwide each year.","Open surgery may be necessary and, in some cases, may be associated with better results than arthroscopy. Open surgery often can be done through small incisions of just a few inches.","Recovery and rehabilitation is related to the type of surgery performed inside the shoulder, rather than whether there was an arthroscopic or open surgical procedure.","There are always some risks with any surgery, even arthroscopic procedures. These include possible infection, and damage to surrounding nerves and blood vessels. However, modern surgical techniques and close monitoring have significantly minimized the occurrence of these problems.","After surgery, some pain, tenderness, and stiffness are normal. You should be alert for certain signs and symptoms that may suggest the development of complications.","It is important that you continue a shoulder exercise program with daily stretching and strengthening. In general, patients who faithfully comply with the therapies and exercises prescribed by their orthopaedic surgeon and physical therapist will have the best medical outcome after surgery.","Your orthopaedic surgeon is a medical doctor with extensive training in the diagnosis and nonsurgical and surgical treatment of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.","AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.","Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."]},"parsed_md":"Shoulder Surgery -OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2009 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nShoulder Surgery\n\nYour shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body. It allows you to place\nand rotate your arm in many positions in front, above, to the side, and behind\nyour body. This flexibility also makes your shoulder susceptible to\ninstability and injury.\n\nDepending on the nature of the problem, nonsurgical methods of treatment often\nare recommended before surgery. However, in some instances, delaying the\nsurgical repair of a shoulder can increase the likelihood that the problem\nwill be more difficult to treat later. Early, correct diagnosis and treatment\nof shoulder problems can make a significant difference in the long run.\n\nHow the Normal Shoulder Works\n\nAnatomy of the shoulder joint.\n\nThe shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. It is made up of three bones: the\nupper arm bone (humerus), shoulder blade (scapula) and collarbone (clavicle).\n\nThe ball at the top end of the arm bone fits into the small socket (glenoid)\nof the shoulder blade to form the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint).\n\nThe socket of the glenoid is surrounded by a soft-tissue rim (labrum).\n\nA smooth, durable surface (articular cartilage) on the head of the arm bone,\nand a thin inner lining (synovium) of the joint allows the smooth motion of\nthe shoulder joint.\n\nThe upper part of the shoulder blade (acromion) projects over the shoulder\njoint. One end of the collarbone is joined with the shoulder blade by the\nacromioclavicular (AC) joint. The other end of the collarbone is joined with\nthe breastbone (sternum) by the sternoclavicular joint.\n\nThe joint capsule is a thin sheet of fibers that surrounds the shoulder joint.\nThe capsule allows a wide range of motion, yet provides stability.\n\nThe rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that attach your upper arm\nto your shoulder blade. The rotator cuff covers the shoulder joint and joint\ncapsule.\n\nThe muscles attached to the rotator cuff enable you to lift your arm, reach\noverhead, and take part in activities such as throwing or swimming.\n\nA sac-like membrane (bursa) between the rotator cuff and the shoulder blade\ncushions and helps lubricate the motion between these two structures.\n\nTop of page\n\nShoulder Problems and Treatments\n\n#### Bursitis or Tendinitis\n\nBursitis or tendinitis can occur with overuse from repetitive activities, such\nas swimming, painting, or weight lifting. These activities cause rubbing or\nsqueezing (impingement) of the rotator cuff under the acromion and in the\nacromioclavicular joint. Initially, these problems are treated by modifying\nthe activity which causes the symptoms of pain and with a rehabilitation\nprogram for the shoulder.\n\n#### Impingement and Partial Rotator Cuff Tears\n\nImpingement and partial tear of the rotator cuff.\n\nPartial thickness rotator cuff tears can be associated with chronic\ninflammation and the development of spurs on the underside of the acromion or\nthe acromioclavicular joint.\n\nThe conservative nonsurgical treatment is modification of activity, light\nexercise, and, occasionally, a cortisone injection. Nonsurgical treatment is\nsuccessful in a majority of cases. If it is not successful, surgery often is\nneeded to remove the spurs on the underside of the acromion and to repair the\nrotator cuff.\n\n#### Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears\n\nFull-thickness tear of the rotator cuff.\n\nFull-thickness rotator cuff tears are most often the result of impingement,\npartial thickness rotator cuff tears, heavy lifting, or falls. Nonsurgical\ntreatment with modification of activity is successful in a majority of cases.\n\nIf pain continues, surgery may be needed to repair full- thickness rotator\ncuff tears. Arthroscopic techniques allow shaving of spurs, evaluation of the\nrotator cuff, and repair of some tears.\n\nBoth techniques require extensive rehabilitation to restore the function of\nthe shoulder.\n\n#### Instability\n\nInstability of the shoulder.\n\nInstability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the\nshoulder socket. This can happen as a result of sudden injury or from overuse\nof the shoulder ligaments.\n\nThe two basic forms of shoulder instability are subluxations and dislocations.\nA subluxation is a partial or incomplete dislocation. If the shoulder is\npartially out of the shoulder socket, it eventually may dislocate. Even a\nminor injury may push the arm bone out of its socket. A dislocation is when\nthe head of the arm bone slips out of the shoulder socket. Some patients have\nchronic instability. Shoulder dislocations may occur repeatedly.\n\nPatients with repeat dislocation usually require surgery. Open surgical repair\nmay require a short stay in the hospital. Arthroscopic surgical repair is\noften done on an outpatient basis. Following either procedure, extensive\nrehabilitation, often including physical therapy, is necessary for healing.\n\n#### Fractured Collarbone and Acromioclavicular Joint Separation\n\nFractured collarbone.\n\nA fractured collarbone and acromioclavicular separation are common injuries of\nchildren and others who fall on the side of their shoulder when playing. Most\nof these injuries are treated nonsurgically with slings or splints. Severe\ndisplaced fractures or acromioclavicular joint separation may require surgical\nrepair.\n\n#### Fractured Head of the Humerus (Arm Bone), or Proximal Humerus Fracture\n\nFractured head of the humerus.\n\nA fractured head of the humerus is a common result of falls on an outstretched\narm, particularly by older people with osteoporosis. If fragmented or\ndisplaced, it may require open surgical repair and possibly replacement with\nan artificial joint (prosthesis).\n\n#### Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis\n\nArthritis of the shoulder.\n\nOsteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can destroy the shoulder joint and\nsurrounding tissue. They can also cause degeneration and tearing of the\ncapsule or the rotator cuff. Osteoarthritis occurs when the articular surface\nof the joint wears thin. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronic\ninflammation of the synovium lining which can produce chemicals that\neventually destroy the inner lining of the joint, including the articular\nsurface.\n\nShoulder replacement.\n\nShoulder replacement is recommended for patients with painful shoulders and\nlimited motion. The treatment options are either replacement of the head of\nthe bone or replacement of the entire socket. Your orthopaedic surgeon will\ndiscuss with you the best option.\n\nTop of page\n\nOrthopaedic Evaluation\n\nThe orthopaedic evaluation of your shoulder consists of three components:\n\n * A medical history to gather information about current complaints; duration of symptoms, pain and limitations; injuries; and past treatment with medications or surgery.\n * A physical examination to assess swelling, tenderness, range of motion, strength or weakness, instability, and/or deformity of the shoulder.\n * Diagnostic tests, such as X-rays taken with the shoulder in various positions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be helpful in assessing soft tissues in the shoulder. Computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to evaluate the bony parts of the shoulder.\n\nYour orthopaedic surgeon will review the results of your evaluation with you\nand discuss the best treatment. You and your doctor may agree that surgery is\nthe best treatment option. He or she will explain the potential risks and\ncomplications that may occur. Your doctor may discuss donating your own blood\nto be used if needed during surgery.\n\nSome surgical procedures require hospitalization for a number of days. Your\ndoctor may discuss planning for the period after surgery. You may need to\neither stay in an extended care facility or have someone help you when you\nreturn home.\n\nTop of page\n\nPreparing for Surgery\n\n * No food or drink after midnight before surgery.\n * Discuss with your doctor what to do about medications taken in the morning.\n * An hour before surgery, you will be assessed in the preoperative area by a nurse anesthetist or anesthesiologist.\n\nTop of page\n\nTypes of Surgical Procedures\n\nYou may be given the option to have an arthroscopic procedure or an open\nsurgical procedure.\n\n#### Arthroscopy\n\nArthroscopy allows the orthopaedic surgeon to insert a pencil-thin device with\na small lens and lighting system into tiny incisions to look inside the joint.\nThe images inside the joint are relayed to a TV monitor, allowing the doctor\nto make a diagnosis. Other surgical instruments can be inserted to make\nrepairs, based on what is with the arthroscope. Arthroscopy often can be done\non an outpatient basis. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for\nSports Medicine, more than 1.4 million shoulder arthroscopies are performed\nworldwide each year.\n\n#### Open Surgery\n\nOpen surgery may be necessary and, in some cases, may be associated with\nbetter results than arthroscopy. Open surgery often can be done through small\nincisions of just a few inches.\n\nRecovery and rehabilitation is related to the type of surgery performed inside\nthe shoulder, rather than whether there was an arthroscopic or open surgical\nprocedure.\n\nTop of page\n\nPossible Complications After Surgery\n\nThere are always some risks with any surgery, even arthroscopic procedures.\nThese include possible infection, and damage to surrounding nerves and blood\nvessels. However, modern surgical techniques and close monitoring have\nsignificantly minimized the occurrence of these problems.\n\nAfter surgery, some pain, tenderness, and stiffness are normal. You should be\nalert for certain signs and symptoms that may suggest the development of\ncomplications.\n\n * Fever after the second day following surgery\n * Increasing pain or swelling\n * Redness, warmth, or tenderness which may suggest a wound infection\n * Unusual bleeding (some surgical wound drainage is normal and, in fact, desirable\n * Numbness or tingling of the arm or hand\n\nTop of page\n\nPrevention of Future Problems\n\nIt is important that you continue a shoulder exercise program with daily\nstretching and strengthening. In general, patients who faithfully comply with\nthe therapies and exercises prescribed by their orthopaedic surgeon and\nphysical therapist will have the best medical outcome after surgery.\n\nYour orthopaedic surgeon is a medical doctor with extensive training in the\ndiagnosis and nonsurgical and surgical treatment of the musculoskeletal\nsystem, including bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: August 2009\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2009 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Links\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Links\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171113000721/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00064","parsed_text":{"title":"Rotator Cuff Tears-OrthoInfo","passages":["Information on rotator cuff tears is also available in Spanish: Desgarres del manguito de los rotadoresDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores (topic.cfm?topic=A00604).","A rotator cuff tear is a common cause of pain and disability among adults. In 2013, almost 2 million people in the United States went to their doctors because of a rotator cuff problem.","A torn rotator cuff will weaken your shoulder. This means that many daily activities, like combing your hair or getting dressed, may become painful and difficult to do.","Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint: the ball, or head, of your upper arm bone fits into a shallow socket in your shoulder blade.","Your arm is kept in your shoulder socket by your rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles that come together as tendons to form a covering around the head of the humerus. The rotator cuff attaches the humerus to the shoulder blade and helps to lift and rotate your arm.","There is a lubricating sac called a bursa between the rotator cuff and the bone on top of your shoulder (acromion). The bursa allows the rotator cuff tendons to glide freely when you move your arm. When the rotator cuff tendons are injured or damaged, this bursa can also become inflamed and painful.","When one or more of the rotator cuff tendons is torn, the tendon no longer fully attaches to the head of the humerus. Most tears occur in the supraspinatus tendon, but other parts of the rotator cuff may also be involved.","In many cases, torn tendons begin by fraying. As the damage progresses, the tendon can completely tear, sometimes with lifting a heavy object.","Partial tear. This type of tear is also called an incomplete tear. It damages the tendon, but does not completely sever it.","Full-thickness tear. This type of tear is also called a complete tear. It separates all of the tendon from the bone. With a full-thickness tear, there is basically a hole in the tendon.","(Left) An overhead view of the four tendons that form the rotator cuff and stabilize the joint. (Right) A full-thickness tear (blue arrow) in the supraspinatus tendon, the most common location for rotator cuff tears.","Illustrations show the front view of (left) a normal rotator cuff, and (right) a full-thickness tear in the supraspinatus tendon.","If you fall down on your outstretched arm or lift something too heavy with a jerking motion, you can tear your rotator cuff. This type of tear can occur with other shoulder injuries, such as a broken collarbone or dislocated shoulder.","Most tears are the result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time. This degeneration naturally occurs as we age. Rotator cuff tears are more common in the dominant arm. If you have a degenerative tear in one shoulder, there is a greater likelihood of a rotator cuff tear in the opposite shoulder -- even if you have no pain in that shoulder.","Repetitive stress. Repeating the same shoulder motions again and again can stress your rotator cuff muscles and tendons. Baseball, tennis, rowing, and weightlifting are examples of sports activities that can put you at risk for overuse tears. Many jobs and routine chores can cause overuse tears, as well.","Lack of blood supply. As we get older, the blood supply in our rotator cuff tendons lessens. Without a good blood supply, the body's natural ability to repair tendon damage is impaired. This can ultimately lead to a tendon tear.","Bone spurs. As we age, bone spurs (bone overgrowth) often develop on the underside of the acromion bone. When we lift our arms, the spurs rub on the rotator cuff tendon. This condition is called shoulder impingement, and over time will weaken the tendon and make it more likely to tear.","Because most rotator cuff tears are largely caused by the normal wear and tear that goes along with aging, people over 40 are at greater risk.","People who do repetitive lifting or overhead activities are also at risk for rotator cuff tears. Athletes are especially vulnerable to overuse tears, particularly tennis players and baseball pitchers. Painters, carpenters, and others who do overhead work also have a greater chance for tears.","Although overuse tears caused by sports activity or overhead work also occur in younger people, most tears in young adults are caused by a traumatic injury, like a fall.","Tears that happen suddenly, such as from a fall, usually cause intense pain. There may be a snapping sensation and immediate weakness in your upper arm.","Tears that develop slowly due to overuse also cause pain and arm weakness. You may have pain in the shoulder when you lift your arm, or pain that moves down your arm. At first, the pain may be mild and only present when lifting your arm over your head, such as reaching into a cupboard. Over-the-counter medication, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, may relieve the pain at first.","Over time, the pain may become more noticeable at rest, and no longer goes away with medications. You may have pain when you lie on the painful side at night. The pain and weakness in the shoulder may make routine activities such as combing your hair or reaching behind your back more difficult.","It should be noted that some rotator cuff tears are not painful. These tears, however, may still result in arm weakness and other symptoms.","After discussing your symptoms and medical history, your doctor will examine your shoulder. He or she will check to see whether it is tender in any area or whether there is a deformity. To measure the range of motion of your shoulder, your doctor will have you move your arm in several different directions. He or she will also test your arm strength.","Reproduced with permission from JF Sarwark, ed: Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, ed 4. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.","Your doctor will check for other problems with your shoulder joint. He or she may also examine your neck to make sure that the pain is not coming from a \"pinched nerve,\" and to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis.","X-rays. The first imaging tests performed are usually x-rays. Because x-rays do not show the soft tissues of your shoulder like the rotator cuff, plain x-rays of a shoulder with rotator cuff pain are usually normal or may show a small bone spur.","Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound. These studies can better show soft tissues like the rotator cuff tendons. They can show the rotator cuff tear, as well as where the tear is located within the tendon and the size of the tear. An MRI can also give your doctor a better idea of how \"old\" or \"new\" a tear is because it can show the quality of the rotator cuff muscles.","If you have a rotator cuff tear and you keep using it despite increasing pain, you may cause further damage. A rotator cuff tear can get larger over time.","Chronic shoulder and arm pain are good reasons to see your doctor. Early treatment can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. It will also get you back to your normal routine that much quicker.","The goal of any treatment is to reduce pain and restore function. There are several treatment options for a rotator cuff tear, and the best option is different for every person. In planning your treatment, your doctor will consider your age, activity level, general health, and the type of tear you have.","There is no evidence of better results from surgery performed near the time of injury versus later on. For this reason, many doctors first recommend management of rotator cuff tears with physical therapy and other nonsurgical treatments.","Rest. Your doctor may suggest rest and limiting overhead activities. He or she may also prescribe a sling to help protect your shoulder and keep it still.","Strengthening exercises and physical therapy. Specific exercises will restore movement and strengthen your shoulder. Your exercise program will include stretches to improve flexibility and range of motion. Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder can relieve pain and prevent further injury.","Steroid injection. If rest, medications, and physical therapy do not relieve your pain, an injection of a local anesthetic and a cortisone preparation may be helpful. Cortisone is a very effective anti-inflammatory medicine; however, it is not effective for all patients.","Your doctor may recommend surgery if your pain does not improve with nonsurgical methods. Continued pain is the main indication for surgery. If you are very active and use your arms for overhead work or sports, your doctor may also suggest surgery.","Surgery to repair a torn rotator cuff most often involves re-attaching the tendon to the head of humerus (upper arm bone). There are a few options for repairing rotator cuff tears. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you the best procedure to meet your individual health needs.","AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.","Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."]},"parsed_md":"Rotator Cuff Tears-OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRotator Cuff Tears\n\nInformation on rotator cuff tears is also available in Spanish: Desgarres del\nmanguito de los rotadoresDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n(topic.cfm?topic=A00604).\n\nA rotator cuff tear is a common cause of pain and disability among adults. In\n2013, almost 2 million people in the United States went to their doctors\nbecause of a rotator cuff problem.\n\nA torn rotator cuff will weaken your shoulder. This means that many daily\nactivities, like combing your hair or getting dressed, may become painful and\ndifficult to do.\n\nAnatomy\n\nYour shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your\nshoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The shoulder is a\nball-and-socket joint: the ball, or head, of your upper arm bone fits into a\nshallow socket in your shoulder blade.\n\nNormal anatomy of the shoulder.\n\nYour arm is kept in your shoulder socket by your rotator cuff. The rotator\ncuff is a group of four muscles that come together as tendons to form a\ncovering around the head of the humerus. The rotator cuff attaches the humerus\nto the shoulder blade and helps to lift and rotate your arm.\n\nThere is a lubricating sac called a bursa between the rotator cuff and the\nbone on top of your shoulder (acromion). The bursa allows the rotator cuff\ntendons to glide freely when you move your arm. When the rotator cuff tendons\nare injured or damaged, this bursa can also become inflamed and painful.\n\nThe rotator cuff tendons cover the head of the humerus, helping you to raise\nand rotate your arm.\n\nTop of page\n\nDescription\n\nWhen one or more of the rotator cuff tendons is torn, the tendon no longer\nfully attaches to the head of the humerus. Most tears occur in the\nsupraspinatus tendon, but other parts of the rotator cuff may also be\ninvolved.\n\nIn many cases, torn tendons begin by fraying. As the damage progresses, the\ntendon can completely tear, sometimes with lifting a heavy object.\n\nIn most rotator cuff tears, the tendon is torn away from the bone.\n\nThere are different types of tears.\n\n * Partial tear. This type of tear is also called an incomplete tear. It damages the tendon, but does not completely sever it.\n * Full-thickness tear. This type of tear is also called a complete tear. It separates all of the tendon from the bone. With a full-thickness tear, there is basically a hole in the tendon.\n\n(Left) An overhead view of the four tendons that form the rotator cuff and\nstabilize the joint. (Right) A full-thickness tear (blue arrow) in the\nsupraspinatus tendon, the most common location for rotator cuff tears.\n\nIllustrations show the front view of (left) a normal rotator cuff, and (right)\na full-thickness tear in the supraspinatus tendon.\n\nTop of page\n\nCause\n\nThere are two main causes of rotator cuff tears: injury and degeneration.\n\n#### Acute Tear\n\nIf you fall down on your outstretched arm or lift something too heavy with a\njerking motion, you can tear your rotator cuff. This type of tear can occur\nwith other shoulder injuries, such as a broken collarbone or dislocated\nshoulder.\n\n#### Degenerative Tear\n\nMost tears are the result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly\nover time. This degeneration naturally occurs as we age. Rotator cuff tears\nare more common in the dominant arm. If you have a degenerative tear in one\nshoulder, there is a greater likelihood of a rotator cuff tear in the opposite\nshoulder -- even if you have no pain in that shoulder.\n\nSeveral factors contribute to degenerative, or chronic, rotator cuff tears.\n\n * Repetitive stress. Repeating the same shoulder motions again and again can stress your rotator cuff muscles and tendons. Baseball, tennis, rowing, and weightlifting are examples of sports activities that can put you at risk for overuse tears. Many jobs and routine chores can cause overuse tears, as well.\n * Lack of blood supply. As we get older, the blood supply in our rotator cuff tendons lessens. Without a good blood supply, the body's natural ability to repair tendon damage is impaired. This can ultimately lead to a tendon tear.\n * Bone spurs. As we age, bone spurs (bone overgrowth) often develop on the underside of the acromion bone. When we lift our arms, the spurs rub on the rotator cuff tendon. This condition is called shoulder impingement, and over time will weaken the tendon and make it more likely to tear.\n\n#### Risk Factors\n\nBecause most rotator cuff tears are largely caused by the normal wear and tear\nthat goes along with aging, people over 40 are at greater risk.\n\nPeople who do repetitive lifting or overhead activities are also at risk for\nrotator cuff tears. Athletes are especially vulnerable to overuse tears,\nparticularly tennis players and baseball pitchers. Painters, carpenters, and\nothers who do overhead work also have a greater chance for tears.\n\nAlthough overuse tears caused by sports activity or overhead work also occur\nin younger people, most tears in young adults are caused by a traumatic\ninjury, like a fall.\n\nTop of page\n\nSymptoms\n\nThe most common symptoms of a rotator cuff tear include:\n\n * Pain at rest and at night, particularly if lying on the affected shoulder\n * Pain when lifting and lowering your arm or with specific movements\n * Weakness when lifting or rotating your arm\n * Crepitus or crackling sensation when moving your shoulder in certain positions\n\nA rotator cuff injury can make it painful to lift your arm.\n\nTears that happen suddenly, such as from a fall, usually cause intense pain.\nThere may be a snapping sensation and immediate weakness in your upper arm.\n\nTears that develop slowly due to overuse also cause pain and arm weakness. You\nmay have pain in the shoulder when you lift your arm, or pain that moves down\nyour arm. At first, the pain may be mild and only present when lifting your\narm over your head, such as reaching into a cupboard. Over-the-counter\nmedication, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, may relieve the pain at first.\n\nOver time, the pain may become more noticeable at rest, and no longer goes\naway with medications. You may have pain when you lie on the painful side at\nnight. The pain and weakness in the shoulder may make routine activities such\nas combing your hair or reaching behind your back more difficult.\n\nIt should be noted that some rotator cuff tears are not painful. These tears,\nhowever, may still result in arm weakness and other symptoms.\n\nTop of page\n\nDoctor Examination\n\n#### Medical History and Physical Examination\n\nAfter discussing your symptoms and medical history, your doctor will examine\nyour shoulder. He or she will check to see whether it is tender in any area or\nwhether there is a deformity. To measure the range of motion of your shoulder,\nyour doctor will have you move your arm in several different directions. He or\nshe will also test your arm strength.\n\nYour doctor will test your range of motion by having you move your arm in\ndifferent directions.\n\nReproduced with permission from JF Sarwark, ed: Essentials of Musculoskeletal\nCare, ed 4. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.\n\nYour doctor will check for other problems with your shoulder joint. He or she\nmay also examine your neck to make sure that the pain is not coming from a\n\"pinched nerve,\" and to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis.\n\n#### Imaging Tests\n\nOther tests which may help your doctor confirm your diagnosis include:\n\n * X-rays. The first imaging tests performed are usually x-rays. Because x-rays do not show the soft tissues of your shoulder like the rotator cuff, plain x-rays of a shoulder with rotator cuff pain are usually normal or may show a small bone spur.\n * Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound. These studies can better show soft tissues like the rotator cuff tendons. They can show the rotator cuff tear, as well as where the tear is located within the tendon and the size of the tear. An MRI can also give your doctor a better idea of how \"old\" or \"new\" a tear is because it can show the quality of the rotator cuff muscles.\n\nTop of page\n\nTreatment\n\nIf you have a rotator cuff tear and you keep using it despite increasing pain,\nyou may cause further damage. A rotator cuff tear can get larger over time.\n\nChronic shoulder and arm pain are good reasons to see your doctor. Early\ntreatment can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. It will also get you\nback to your normal routine that much quicker.\n\nThe goal of any treatment is to reduce pain and restore function. There are\nseveral treatment options for a rotator cuff tear, and the best option is\ndifferent for every person. In planning your treatment, your doctor will\nconsider your age, activity level, general health, and the type of tear you\nhave.\n\nThere is no evidence of better results from surgery performed near the time of\ninjury versus later on. For this reason, many doctors first recommend\nmanagement of rotator cuff tears with physical therapy and other nonsurgical\ntreatments.\n\n#### Nonsurgical Treatment\n\nIn about 80% of patients, nonsurgical treatment relieves pain and improves\nfunction in the shoulder.\n\nNonsurgical treatment options may include:\n\n * Rest. Your doctor may suggest rest and limiting overhead activities. He or she may also prescribe a sling to help protect your shoulder and keep it still.\n * Activity modification. Avoid activities that cause shoulder pain.\n * Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication. Drugs like ibuprofen and naproxen reduce pain and swelling.\n * Strengthening exercises and physical therapy. Specific exercises will restore movement and strengthen your shoulder. Your exercise program will include stretches to improve flexibility and range of motion. Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder can relieve pain and prevent further injury.\n * Steroid injection. If rest, medications, and physical therapy do not relieve your pain, an injection of a local anesthetic and a cortisone preparation may be helpful. Cortisone is a very effective anti-inflammatory medicine; however, it is not effective for all patients.\n\nA cortisone injection may relieve painful symptoms.\n\nThe chief advantage of nonsurgical treatment is that it avoids the major risks\nof surgery, such as:\n\n * Infection\n * Permanent stiffness\n * Anesthesia complications\n * Sometimes lengthy recovery time\n\nThe disadvantages of nonsurgical treatment are:\n\n * Size of tear may increase over time\n * Activities may need to be limited\n\n#### Surgical Treatment\n\nYour doctor may recommend surgery if your pain does not improve with\nnonsurgical methods. Continued pain is the main indication for surgery. If you\nare very active and use your arms for overhead work or sports, your doctor may\nalso suggest surgery.\n\nOther signs that surgery may be a good option for you include:\n\n * Your symptoms have lasted 6 to 12 months\n * You have a large tear (more than 3 cm) and the quality of the surrounding tissue is good\n * You have significant weakness and loss of function in your shoulder\n * Your tear was caused by a recent, acute injury\n\nSurgery to repair a torn rotator cuff most often involves re-attaching the\ntendon to the head of humerus (upper arm bone). There are a few options for\nrepairing rotator cuff tears. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you\nthe best procedure to meet your individual health needs.\n\nContinue to next page: Rotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment OptionsRotator\nCuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options (topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: March 2017\n\nContributed and/or Updated by: April D. Armstrong, MD; George S. Athwal, MD\n\nPeer-Reviewed by: Stuart J. Fischer, MD; J. Michael Wiater, MD\n\nContributor Disclosure Information\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00604)\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00741)\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00378)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nShoulder Pain\n\nShoulder Pain (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00065)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program (/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00604)\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00741)\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00378)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nShoulder Pain\n\nShoulder Pain (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00065)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program (/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506041332/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html","parsed_text":{"title":"The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders","passages":["This is the second of a two-part article on the painful shoulder. Part I, “Clinical Evaluation,” appeared in Am Fam Physician 2000;61:3079–88.","Fractures of the humerus, scapula and clavicle usually result from a direct blow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Most can be treated by immobilization. Dislocation of the humerus, strain or sprain of the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints, and rotator cuff injury often can be managed conservatively. Recurrence is a problem with humerus dislocation, and surgical management may be indicated if conservative treatment fails. Rotator cuff tears are often hard to diagnose because of muscle atrophy that impairs the patient's ability to perform diagnostic maneuvers. Chronic shoulder problems usually fall into one of several categories, which include impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder and biceps tendonitis. Other causes of chronic shoulder pain are labral injury, osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joint and, rarely, osteolysis of the distal clavicle.","Shoulder pain is a common complaint in family practice. Knowledge of the acute and chronic disorders that commonly cause shoulder pain is important because many of them can be managed without referral to a subspecialist.1 This article reviews common causes of shoulder pain and discusses imaging, treatment and indications for referral.","Clavicular fractures are common, accounting for one of every 20 fractures.2 Most occur in the middle one third of the clavicle. Patients with fracture of the proximal or medial clavicle often have concomitant posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint. Clavicular fractures usually occur during a fall onto an outstretched hand, although some result from a blow to the shoulder. Because the clavicle is directly beneath the skin, these fractures are relatively easy to diagnose: palpation will reveal point tenderness or an obvious deformity. A complete neurovascular examination of the upper extremities should be performed to identify any associated brachial plexus or vascular injuries.","Verification of clinical findings with radiographs is important, particularly to determine whether the patient has a displaced fracture of the proximal or distal clavicle, which may require referral for orthopedic care. A standard anteroposterior (AP) view and an AP view taken with the x-ray beam tilted 45 degrees (cephalic tilt view) are usually adequate. In a patient with substantial trauma, a chest film should be obtained to exclude a concomitant pneumothorax or rib injuries.","Treatment of most clavicular fractures is conservative and consists of a figure-of-eight strap or sling worn for two to four weeks, primarily for comfort. A follow-up radiograph can be obtained four to six weeks after the injury to ensure adequate positioning and healing.","Displaced distal clavicular fractures may result in disruption of the stabilizing ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint. Fractures of this type are more difficult to immobilize properly, and patients with this problem should generally be referred to an orthopedist for further evaluation.","Humeral fractures are most commonly caused by a direct blow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Physical examination frequently reveals crepitus at the fracture site. Ecchymosis often occurs within 24 to 48 hours of the injury.","AP and lateral radiographs of the humerus will usually show the fracture. An axillary view should be included if the patient is able to perform the necessary maneuvers (Figure 1). This view is most appropriate for diagnosing dislocations or subtle scapular fractures, particularly those of the coracoid process.3 Because the patient must be able to abduct the arm sufficiently, an axillary view can be difficult to obtain and interpret. The Y view (scapular lateral view) is useful if the patient is unable to abduct the arm (Figure 2).","Fractures of the greater tuberosity may be best visualized with an axillary or a Y view. Additional AP views with the humerus in internal and external rotation are sometimes necessary.3","The treatment of stable proximal humeral fractures (those displaced less than 1 cm) consists of a shoulder immobilizer to prevent external rotation and abduction. Referral for surgical treatment may be required for complex fractures (three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures), those involving the anatomic neck, fractures displaced more than 1 cm or those associated with neurovascular injury.4 Follow-up radiographs should be obtained early in treatment to ensure that the fracture fragment has not displaced.","Scapular fractures, which are uncommon,5 result from a direct blow to the scapular area or from extremely high-force impact elsewhere to the thorax. The patient usually has tenderness at the fracture site, and arm abduction is painful. The neck and scapular body are most commonly involved.","Most scapular fractures can be adequately seen with AP and axillary or lateral views of the shoulder. If other injuries are suspected or if the patient was involved in a high-speed or high-force trauma, a chest film and trauma series of the humerus on the affected side should be considered.","Treatment usually consists of a sling for comfort. Range-of-motion exercises are begun as soon as acute pain resolves, usually within two weeks. Early mobilization is important to avoid loss of range of motion, possibly leading to frozen shoulder. Orthopedic referral is indicated for patients with fractures that are unstable or that involve the articular site.","The glenohumeral joint is normally bathed in a small amount (less than 1 mL) of free synovial fluid. Under normal conditions, the intraarticular pressure is negative, which creates a relative vacuum that resists bony translation.6","The humeral head can dislocate anteriorly, posteriorly or inferiorly in relation to the glenoid fossa. Most shoulder dislocations are anterior. Patients usually hold the affected arm in external rotation and abduction. The humeral head usually is palpable anteriorly, and the diagnosis is often confirmed by locating a dimple in the skin beneath the acromion.","Posterior dislocation is uncommon, and diagnosis is often delayed. Typically, the patient presents with the arm held close to the body in abduction and internal rotation. Usually, external rotation (active and passive) and forward elevation are extremely limited.","Younger athletes and older adults can have a fractured proximal clavicle rather than a dislocation with a similar mechanism of injury.","The diagnosis of glenohumeral dislocation is confirmed with at least two radiographic views of the affected shoulder. A true AP view, with the x-ray beam perpendicular to the plane of the scapula, usually reveals an anterior dislocation but can miss a posterior dislocation. An axillary or a Y view provides a more accurate picture of the anteroposterior position of the humeral head relative to the glenoid fossa3 (Figure 3). If the diagnosis is still unclear after plain films have been obtained, a computed tomographic (CT) scan should be considered. Care should be taken to look for an avulsion fracture of the glenoid (Bankart lesion). This injury usually requires surgical repair (Figure 4).","Computed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending off the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.","Computed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending off the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.","A patient with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation often has subtle clinical findings. Tenderness may be noted over the posterior aspect of the shoulder. The anterior apprehension test usually causes more pain than apprehension. A Hill-Sachs lesion (a bony defect in the posterolateral portion of the humeral head) occurs in more than 50 percent of patients with a primary dislocation.7 This lesion is associated with an increased risk of recurrent dislocation (Table 1).","Shoulder dislocation is treated with relocation of the humerus (using the method with which the clinician is most familiar) and immobilization, to permit capsular healing. Mobilization of the shoulder and the elbow can usually be resumed within seven to 10 days following injury. Early range-of- motion exercises are important, particularly in older patients, to prevent complications such as frozen shoulder.","A more aggressive rehabilitation program with a shorter course of immobilization has been advocated for elite athletes.8,9 Reported recurrence rates of anterior dislocations, particularly in younger athletes who throw overhead, are as high as 90 percent,10,11 although a recent prospective Swedish study demonstrated lower rates of recurrence.7","The classic treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocations has been open surgery and a Bankart repair (surgical repair of a detachment of the labrum to the glenoid). This approach has a success rate as high as 95 percent.12 In a recent study of young athletes, arthroscopic Bankart repair was compared with three weeks of immobilization for the treatment of an initial anterior shoulder dislocation. The group treated surgically had fewer episodes of recurrent instability than the group managed with immobilization.9 Based on these results, early surgery may have a role in the treatment of high- performance athletes with anterior glenohumeral dislocation.","A common injury among athletes and active patients is acromioclavicular (AC) sprain, also referred to as “shoulder separation.” The current classification system recognizes six grades of AC ligamentous injuries (Table 2).13 A direct blow to the superior aspect of the shoulder or a lateral blow to the deltoid area often produces this injury. Occasionally, an AC sprain results from falling onto an outstretched hand.","Adapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.","Adapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.","On examination, the patient has well-localized swelling and tenderness over the AC joint. When an AC joint injury is suspected, the patient should be examined in the sitting position because the weight of the arm in the standing position stresses the AC joint and may exaggerate an existing problem. A palpable “stepped” deformity between the acromion and the clavicle indicates a more severe injury, possibly a complete dislocation. An AP view of the shoulder usually confirms the diagnosis. An axillary view should be obtained if a grade 4 to grade 6 injury is suspected.","Most patients with grades 1 and 2 injuries can be treated without surgery. In some patients, however, a grade 2 lesion can be difficult to differentiate from a grade 3 injury on routine radiographs if the patient supports the injured side. Patients with grade 3 and higher injuries should generally be referred to an orthopedist for possible operative repair. Grades 2 and 3 injuries are often associated with chronic AC joint pain.","Anterior sternoclavicular (SC) joint separation occurs when the medial end of the clavicle is displaced anteriorly or anterosuperiorly with respect to the anterior border of the sternum. This injury is most commonly the result of a motor vehicle crash.14 The patient with an SC joint injury will complain of pain, particularly with shoulder adduction. Localized tenderness and deformity are often noted. The head may be tilted toward the side of the dislocation. When the patient is supine, the discomfort is often exacerbated, and the patient cannot place the affected shoulder flat on the examining table. A posterior dislocation can be life-threatening because of compression of the trachea and great vessels of the neck.","The SC joint and proximal physis of the clavicle can be difficult to see on plain films. A modified radiographic view, such as a 40-degree cephalic tilt view, is often helpful. A CT scan can provide more detail about the extent of injury. Mild SC sprains are usually treated conservatively with a sling or figure-of-eight appliance and progressive range-of-motion exercise. Acute SC dislocations can be managed with closed reduction by experienced physicians, but surgical reduction for definitive management is often required.","Tears of the rotator cuff are most common in persons older than 40 years.15 In younger patients, these injuries typically result from trauma. In middle-aged or older patients, a more common presentation is chronic impingement syndrome, often resulting in rupture of the cuff. When a rotator cuff ruptures, the resulting muscular atrophy often limits the patient's ability to perform the necessary diagnostic maneuvers. In these patients, a rotator cuff tear can be difficult to diagnose clinically. An AP view of the glenohumeral joint may show calcific tendonitis of the cuff and superior migration of the humeral head, which should prompt further imaging studies if the clinician suspects a tear15,16 (Table 3).","Treatment consists of surgical repair in younger and selected older patients or rehabilitation in patients who are not good candidates for surgery. Early identification of a rotator cuff tear is important so that consultation for possible surgical repair can be considered. Repair within three weeks of injury is recommended to avoid tendon retraction, reinjury, tendon degeneration and muscle atrophy.","The rotator cuff occupies the space between the coracoacromial arch and the humerus. With abduction of the arm, the tendons of the rotator cuff can be impinged between the bony structures of the arch and the humerus. The impingement syndrome was described by Neer17,18 as a series of pathologic changes in the supraspinatus tendon: stage I causes hemorrhage and edema; stage II, tendonitis and fibrosis; and stage III, tendon degeneration of the rotator cuff and biceps, bony changes and tendon rupture.","Pain related to impingement usually occurs over the anterolateral aspect of the shoulder, often with some radiation to, but not usually beyond, the elbow. Typically, the pain is aggravated by overhead activity and is worse at night. Patients often report a clicking or popping sensation in the affected shoulder. In young throwing athletes with these symptoms, however, the examiner should be concerned about the possibility of a labral disorder. Biceps tendonitis frequently occurs in the later stages of impingement, and rehabilitation can help correct this problem.19","The examiner should distinguish between primary and secondary impingement. Initial treatment of both conditions is conservative, but when conservative treatment fails, the surgical approach to the two problems differs markedly. Symptoms in older patients usually reflect chronic overuse and degeneration of the supraspinatus tendon. This process is referred to as primary impingement. For instance, a 65-year-old patient with anterior shoulder pain probably has primary outlet impingement. In contrast, a 17-year-old baseball pitcher is more likely to have secondary impingement, with an underlying problem of instability. This patient will often complain of arm heaviness and numbness (“dead arm” syndrome) rather than shoulder pain.20","Therefore, the primary diagnosis in younger throwing athletes is typically subtle glenohumeral instability with secondary impingement and subacromial bursitis noted on examination. Weakness in the scapular stabilizers can play an important role in the development of shoulder problems, particularly in athletes.21 Repeated stresses from overhead motions like throwing can lead to fatigue of the muscles that stabilize the humeral head and prevent anterior subluxation. Secondary impingement, therefore, can occur when the fatigue and dysfunction of the rotator cuff cause the humeral head to migrate superiorly within the glenohumeral joint, impinging the rotator cuff tendon under the coracoacromial arch.","Other causes of impingement include a curved or hooked acromion, AC spurring and a thickened coracoacromial ligament.22 Radiographs should be considered if a patient shows no improvement after two to three months of conservative therapy for presumed impingement syndrome (Table 4).23 Degenerative changes at the AC joint, sclerosis, osteophyte formation at the inferior aspect of the acromion and sclerosis or cyst formation at the site of supraspinatus tendon insertion into the greater tuberosity should increase the clinician's suspicion of impingement and chronic rotator cuff tears. In some cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other imaging studies (Table 3) may be necessary. T_2-weighted MRI has a reported accuracy of 84 to 100 percent in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.15,16","Adapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.","Adapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.","Initial treatment of most patients with impingement syndrome (primary and secondary) is conservative, especially in the acute phase of pain: rest, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), icing and avoiding aggravating activities. It may be necessary to modify the patient's work activities, particularly overhead lifting. After most of the pain has resolved, a rotator cuff strengthening program should be instituted. In some patients, particularly athletes with secondary impingement, scapular rotator cuff strengthening also should be incorporated into the physical therapy program. Athletes with secondary impingement and underlying instability who fail to show improvement with conservative therapy should be referred for consideration of a stabilization procedure. In contrast, an older patient with primary impingement would probably undergo open or arthroscopic subacromial decompression.","A corticosteroid injection can be therapeutic and diagnostic in patients with impingement syndrome. If the diagnosis of impingement is uncertain, lidocaine (Xylocaine) and/or bupivacaine (Marcaine) can be injected into the subacromial space. After the drug has dispersed for several minutes, impingement tests can be repeated. A decrease in pain increases the certainty that impingement is the primary process. Corticosteroids are often combined with anesthetics in this procedure. A recent randomized, double-blind study24 noted significant short-term relief of subacromial impingement symptoms with corticosteroid injections.","Adhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, results from thickening and contraction of the capsule around the glenohumeral joint and causes loss of motion and pain. Frozen shoulder classically consists of shoulder pain that is slow in onset and presents without any radiographic abnormalities. Usually, the discomfort is localized near the deltoid insertion, the patient is unable to sleep on the affected side and glenohumeral elevation and external rotation are restricted.","Frozen shoulder most often occurs as a result of immobility following a shoulder injury. An autoimmune cause of frozen shoulder has been proposed.25,26 The diagnosis is usually made clinically, and physicians should always be concerned about a possible underlying rotator cuff tear. Radiographs often appear normal, although osteopenia of the humeral head may be noted as a result of disuse. Arthrography demonstrates generalized constriction of the joint capsule, with loss of the normal axillary and subscapularis spaces (Table 3). The capsule can be dilated during arthrography, converting the procedure from a diagnostic to a therapeutic one.","A carefully designed treatment plan for patients with frozen shoulder may include physical therapy, pain medication such as NSAIDs and, occasionally, intra-articular corticosteroid injection. Surgical referral may be indicated after conservative treatment has failed, although the exact timing of surgery should be decided on an individual basis.","Biceps tendonitis results from inflammation of the sheath around the long head of the biceps and is usually manifested by discrete pain and tenderness in the area of the bicipital groove, often occurring concomitantly with impingement syndrome or rotator cuff tear. Management is usually conservative; rest, icing, NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections may all be helpful. When conservative management fails, surgical transfer of the tendon may be necessary.","The SLAP lesion (superior labrum anterior and posterior) and other glenoid labral tears are common in throwing athletes who present with a painful shoulder that clicks or pops with motion. Patients often have a positive “clunk” test,27 especially in the overhead position. They may have tenderness to deep palpation over the anterior glenohumeral joint and signs of laxity or instability. Plain films are often normal, and MRI arthrography may be needed to view the torn labrum (Table 3). For patients who do not respond to rest, NSAIDs and physical therapy, arthroscopic or open surgical repair may be indicated.","Arthritis of the glenohumeral joint generally causes pain with activity, loss of passive motion and stiffness. Some patients may complain of nighttime pain. Causes of arthritis include previous trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, rotator cuff tear and Lyme disease. Multiple joint involvement is suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis.","An AP view of the glenohumeral joint will usually reveal degenerative changes and loss of joint space (Table 2). Treatment is initially conservative, using heat and ice, NSAIDs, range-of-motion exercises and corticosteroid injections. Patients for whom conservative therapy fails can be referred for further evaluation and treatment.","Atraumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle is an unusual injury that occurs most often in weight lifters.28 Although its cause remains obscure, the problem most likely begins as a stress fracture. Subsequent bone resorption causes cystic and erosive changes, and bone remodeling cannot occur because of the continual stress imposed on the joint. Patients typically have dull pain over the AC joint, which is often worst at the beginning of an exercise period. Any movement requiring abduction of the arm more than 90 degrees is painful.","Plain films of the AC joint and clavicle usually confirm the diagnosis. Key findings include osteopenia and lucency in the distal clavicle (Figure 5). Treatment consists of discontinuing load-bearing activity. Conservative management should be used for as long as the patient will comply. Consideration for resection of the distal clavicle should be individualized according to each patient's functional demands and symptoms.","1. Butcher JD, Zukowski CW, Brannen SJ, Fieseler C, O'Connor FG, Farrish S, et al. Patient profile, referral sources, and consultant utilization in a primary care sports medicine clinic. J Fam Pract. 1996;43:556–60....","2. Craig EV. Fractures of the clavicle. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1109–71.","5. Butters KP. Fractures and dislocations of the scapula. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1163–92.","6. Habermeyer P, Schuller U, Wiedemann E. The intra-articular pressure of the shoulder: an experimental study on the role of the glenoid labrum in stabilizing the joint. Arthroscopy. 1992;8:166–72.","8. Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, McBride JT. Arthroscopic Bankart repair versus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder dislocations. Am J Sports Med. 1994;22:589–94.","9. Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, Arciero RA, Molinari RN. Arthroscopic versus nonoperative treatment of acute shoulder dislocations in young athletes. Arthroscopy. 1989;5:213–7.","13. Rockwood CA Jr, Williams GR, Young DC. Injuries to the acromioclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1341–407.","14. Rockwood CA Jr. Disorders of the sternoclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Matsen FA, eds. The shoulder. 2d ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders, 1998.","16. Burk DL Jr, Karasick D, Kurtz AB, Mitchell DG, Rifkin MD, Miller CL, et al. Rotator cuff tears: prospective comparison of MR imaging with arthrography, sonography, and surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153:87–92.","18. Neer CS 2d. Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome in the shoulder: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1972;54:41–50.","21. Chandler TJ, Kibler WB, Stracener EC, Ziegler AK, Pace B. Shoulder strength, power, and endurance in college tennis players. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:455–8.","22. Bigliani LU, Morrison DS, April EW. The morphology of the acromion and its relationship to rotator cuff tears [Abstract]. Orthop Trans. 1986;10:228.","Members of various family practice departments develop articles for “Problem- Oriented Diagnosis.” This article is one in a series coordinated by the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison. Guest editor of the series is William E. Scheckler, M.D.","Copyright © 2000 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non- commercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact afpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests."]},"parsed_md":"The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders - American Family\nPhysician\n\nAdvertisement\n\n<< Previous article\n\nNext article >>\n\nJun 1, 2000 Issue\n\n# The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders\n\nTHOMAS W. WOODWARD, M.D., and THOMAS M. BEST, M.D., PH.D., University of\nWisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin\n\nAm Fam Physician. 2000 Jun 1;61(11):3291-3300.\n\nThis is the second of a two-part article on the painful shoulder. Part I,\n“Clinical Evaluation,” appeared in Am Fam Physician 2000;61:3079–88.\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\n### Article Sections\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nFractures of the humerus, scapula and clavicle usually result from a direct\nblow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Most can be treated by\nimmobilization. Dislocation of the humerus, strain or sprain of the\nacromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints, and rotator cuff injury often\ncan be managed conservatively. Recurrence is a problem with humerus\ndislocation, and surgical management may be indicated if conservative\ntreatment fails. Rotator cuff tears are often hard to diagnose because of\nmuscle atrophy that impairs the patient's ability to perform diagnostic\nmaneuvers. Chronic shoulder problems usually fall into one of several\ncategories, which include impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder and biceps\ntendonitis. Other causes of chronic shoulder pain are labral injury,\nosteoarthritis of the glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joint and, rarely,\nosteolysis of the distal clavicle.\n\nShoulder pain is a common complaint in family practice. Knowledge of the acute\nand chronic disorders that commonly cause shoulder pain is important because\nmany of them can be managed without referral to a subspecialist.1 This article\nreviews common causes of shoulder pain and discusses imaging, treatment and\nindications for referral.\n\n## Clavicular Fractures\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nClavicular fractures are common, accounting for one of every 20 fractures.2\nMost occur in the middle one third of the clavicle. Patients with fracture of\nthe proximal or medial clavicle often have concomitant posterior dislocation\nof the sternoclavicular joint. Clavicular fractures usually occur during a\nfall onto an outstretched hand, although some result from a blow to the\nshoulder. Because the clavicle is directly beneath the skin, these fractures\nare relatively easy to diagnose: palpation will reveal point tenderness or an\nobvious deformity. A complete neurovascular examination of the upper\nextremities should be performed to identify any associated brachial plexus or\nvascular injuries.\n\nVerification of clinical findings with radiographs is important, particularly\nto determine whether the patient has a displaced fracture of the proximal or\ndistal clavicle, which may require referral for orthopedic care. A standard\nanteroposterior (AP) view and an AP view taken with the x-ray beam tilted 45\ndegrees (cephalic tilt view) are usually adequate. In a patient with\nsubstantial trauma, a chest film should be obtained to exclude a concomitant\npneumothorax or rib injuries.\n\nTreatment of most clavicular fractures is conservative and consists of a\nfigure-of-eight strap or sling worn for two to four weeks, primarily for\ncomfort. A follow-up radiograph can be obtained four to six weeks after the\ninjury to ensure adequate positioning and healing.\n\nDisplaced distal clavicular fractures may result in disruption of the\nstabilizing ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint. Fractures of this type\nare more difficult to immobilize properly, and patients with this problem\nshould generally be referred to an orthopedist for further evaluation.\n\n## Proximal Humeral Fractures\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nHumeral fractures are most commonly caused by a direct blow or a fall onto an\noutstretched hand. Physical examination frequently reveals crepitus at the\nfracture site. Ecchymosis often occurs within 24 to 48 hours of the injury.\n\nAP and lateral radiographs of the humerus will usually show the fracture. An\naxillary view should be included if the patient is able to perform the\nnecessary maneuvers (Figure 1). This view is most appropriate for diagnosing\ndislocations or subtle scapular fractures, particularly those of the coracoid\nprocess.3 Because the patient must be able to abduct the arm sufficiently, an\naxillary view can be difficult to obtain and interpret. The Y view (scapular\nlateral view) is useful if the patient is unable to abduct the arm (Figure 2).\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 1.\n\nRadiographs of the shoulder. (Left) True anteroposterior view. (Right)\nAxillary lateral view.\n\nFIGURE 1.\n\nRadiographs of the shoulder. (Left) True anteroposterior view. (Right)\nAxillary lateral view.\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 2.\n\nY view showing the scapula laterally. The humeral head normally overlies the\nglenoid cavity.\n\nFIGURE 2.\n\nY view showing the scapula laterally. The humeral head normally overlies the\nglenoid cavity.\n\nFractures of the greater tuberosity may be best visualized with an axillary or\na Y view. Additional AP views with the humerus in internal and external\nrotation are sometimes necessary.3\n\nThe treatment of stable proximal humeral fractures (those displaced less than\n1 cm) consists of a shoulder immobilizer to prevent external rotation and\nabduction. Referral for surgical treatment may be required for complex\nfractures (three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures), those involving\nthe anatomic neck, fractures displaced more than 1 cm or those associated with\nneurovascular injury.4 Follow-up radiographs should be obtained early in\ntreatment to ensure that the fracture fragment has not displaced.\n\n## Scapular Fractures\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nScapular fractures, which are uncommon,5 result from a direct blow to the\nscapular area or from extremely high-force impact elsewhere to the thorax. The\npatient usually has tenderness at the fracture site, and arm abduction is\npainful. The neck and scapular body are most commonly involved.\n\nMost scapular fractures can be adequately seen with AP and axillary or lateral\nviews of the shoulder. If other injuries are suspected or if the patient was\ninvolved in a high-speed or high-force trauma, a chest film and trauma series\nof the humerus on the affected side should be considered.\n\nTreatment usually consists of a sling for comfort. Range-of-motion exercises\nare begun as soon as acute pain resolves, usually within two weeks. Early\nmobilization is important to avoid loss of range of motion, possibly leading\nto frozen shoulder. Orthopedic referral is indicated for patients with\nfractures that are unstable or that involve the articular site.\n\n## Glenohumeral Dislocation\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nThe glenohumeral joint is normally bathed in a small amount (less than 1 mL)\nof free synovial fluid. Under normal conditions, the intraarticular pressure\nis negative, which creates a relative vacuum that resists bony translation.6\n\nThe humeral head can dislocate anteriorly, posteriorly or inferiorly in\nrelation to the glenoid fossa. Most shoulder dislocations are anterior.\nPatients usually hold the affected arm in external rotation and abduction. The\nhumeral head usually is palpable anteriorly, and the diagnosis is often\nconfirmed by locating a dimple in the skin beneath the acromion.\n\nPosterior dislocation is uncommon, and diagnosis is often delayed. Typically,\nthe patient presents with the arm held close to the body in abduction and\ninternal rotation. Usually, external rotation (active and passive) and forward\nelevation are extremely limited.\n\nYounger athletes and older adults can have a fractured proximal clavicle\nrather than a dislocation with a similar mechanism of injury.\n\nThe diagnosis of glenohumeral dislocation is confirmed with at least two\nradiographic views of the affected shoulder. A true AP view, with the x-ray\nbeam perpendicular to the plane of the scapula, usually reveals an anterior\ndislocation but can miss a posterior dislocation. An axillary or a Y view\nprovides a more accurate picture of the anteroposterior position of the\nhumeral head relative to the glenoid fossa3 (Figure 3). If the diagnosis is\nstill unclear after plain films have been obtained, a computed tomographic\n(CT) scan should be considered. Care should be taken to look for an avulsion\nfracture of the glenoid (Bankart lesion). This injury usually requires\nsurgical repair (Figure 4).\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 3.\n\nAnteroposterior views of the shoulder, showing anterior dislocation (left) and\nnormal alignment after reduction (right).\n\nFIGURE 3.\n\nAnteroposterior views of the shoulder, showing anterior dislocation (left) and\nnormal alignment after reduction (right).\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 4.\n\nComputed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending\noff the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\n\nFIGURE 4.\n\nComputed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending\noff the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\n\nA patient with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation often has subtle\nclinical findings. Tenderness may be noted over the posterior aspect of the\nshoulder. The anterior apprehension test usually causes more pain than\napprehension. A Hill-Sachs lesion (a bony defect in the posterolateral portion\nof the humeral head) occurs in more than 50 percent of patients with a primary\ndislocation.7 This lesion is associated with an increased risk of recurrent\ndislocation (Table 1).\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 1\n\n#### Complications of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation\n\nComplication| Incidence \n---|--- \n \nRecurrent dislocation\n\n|\n\nDecreased occurrence with age \n \nBony injury\n\n|\n\nHill-Sachs lesion* in > 50% of patients with primary dislocation \n \nRotator cuff tear\n\n|\n\n50% in patients < age 40; 80% in those > 60 \n \nVascular injury\n\n|\n\nIncreased occurrence with advanced age \n \nNeurologic injury\n\n|\n\nMost common in axillary nerve \n \nArthropathy\n\n|\n\n20% of patients 10 years after dislocation \n \n*—Bony defect in posterolateral humeral head.\n\nInformation from Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R,\nThorling J. Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a\nten-year prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1996;78:1677–84.\n\nTABLE 1\n\n#### Complications of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation\n\nComplication| Incidence \n---|--- \n \nRecurrent dislocation\n\n|\n\nDecreased occurrence with age \n \nBony injury\n\n|\n\nHill-Sachs lesion* in > 50% of patients with primary dislocation \n \nRotator cuff tear\n\n|\n\n50% in patients < age 40; 80% in those > 60 \n \nVascular injury\n\n|\n\nIncreased occurrence with advanced age \n \nNeurologic injury\n\n|\n\nMost common in axillary nerve \n \nArthropathy\n\n|\n\n20% of patients 10 years after dislocation \n \n*—Bony defect in posterolateral humeral head.\n\nInformation from Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R,\nThorling J. Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a\nten-year prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1996;78:1677–84.\n\nShoulder dislocation is treated with relocation of the humerus (using the\nmethod with which the clinician is most familiar) and immobilization, to\npermit capsular healing. Mobilization of the shoulder and the elbow can\nusually be resumed within seven to 10 days following injury. Early range-of-\nmotion exercises are important, particularly in older patients, to prevent\ncomplications such as frozen shoulder.\n\nA more aggressive rehabilitation program with a shorter course of\nimmobilization has been advocated for elite athletes.8,9 Reported recurrence\nrates of anterior dislocations, particularly in younger athletes who throw\noverhead, are as high as 90 percent,10,11 although a recent prospective\nSwedish study demonstrated lower rates of recurrence.7\n\nThe classic treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocations has been open surgery\nand a Bankart repair (surgical repair of a detachment of the labrum to the\nglenoid). This approach has a success rate as high as 95 percent.12 In a\nrecent study of young athletes, arthroscopic Bankart repair was compared with\nthree weeks of immobilization for the treatment of an initial anterior\nshoulder dislocation. The group treated surgically had fewer episodes of\nrecurrent instability than the group managed with immobilization.9 Based on\nthese results, early surgery may have a role in the treatment of high-\nperformance athletes with anterior glenohumeral dislocation.\n\n## Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nA common injury among athletes and active patients is acromioclavicular (AC)\nsprain, also referred to as “shoulder separation.” The current classification\nsystem recognizes six grades of AC ligamentous injuries (Table 2).13 A direct\nblow to the superior aspect of the shoulder or a lateral blow to the deltoid\narea often produces this injury. Occasionally, an AC sprain results from\nfalling onto an outstretched hand.\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 2\n\n#### Classification of Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries\n\nLigaments or joint| Grade 1| Grade 2| Grade 3| Grade 4| Grade 5| Grade 6 \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nAcromioclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAcromioclavicular joint\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nSeparated\n\n|\n\nRuptured \n \nCoracoclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAdapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP,\nBucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia,\nPa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\n\nTABLE 2\n\n#### Classification of Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries\n\nLigaments or joint| Grade 1| Grade 2| Grade 3| Grade 4| Grade 5| Grade 6 \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nAcromioclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAcromioclavicular joint\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nSeparated\n\n|\n\nRuptured \n \nCoracoclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAdapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP,\nBucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia,\nPa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\n\nOn examination, the patient has well-localized swelling and tenderness over\nthe AC joint. When an AC joint injury is suspected, the patient should be\nexamined in the sitting position because the weight of the arm in the standing\nposition stresses the AC joint and may exaggerate an existing problem. A\npalpable “stepped” deformity between the acromion and the clavicle indicates a\nmore severe injury, possibly a complete dislocation. An AP view of the\nshoulder usually confirms the diagnosis. An axillary view should be obtained\nif a grade 4 to grade 6 injury is suspected.\n\nMost patients with grades 1 and 2 injuries can be treated without surgery. In\nsome patients, however, a grade 2 lesion can be difficult to differentiate\nfrom a grade 3 injury on routine radiographs if the patient supports the\ninjured side. Patients with grade 3 and higher injuries should generally be\nreferred to an orthopedist for possible operative repair. Grades 2 and 3\ninjuries are often associated with chronic AC joint pain.\n\n## Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nAnterior sternoclavicular (SC) joint separation occurs when the medial end of\nthe clavicle is displaced anteriorly or anterosuperiorly with respect to the\nanterior border of the sternum. This injury is most commonly the result of a\nmotor vehicle crash.14 The patient with an SC joint injury will complain of\npain, particularly with shoulder adduction. Localized tenderness and deformity\nare often noted. The head may be tilted toward the side of the dislocation.\nWhen the patient is supine, the discomfort is often exacerbated, and the\npatient cannot place the affected shoulder flat on the examining table. A\nposterior dislocation can be life-threatening because of compression of the\ntrachea and great vessels of the neck.\n\nThe SC joint and proximal physis of the clavicle can be difficult to see on\nplain films. A modified radiographic view, such as a 40-degree cephalic tilt\nview, is often helpful. A CT scan can provide more detail about the extent of\ninjury. Mild SC sprains are usually treated conservatively with a sling or\nfigure-of-eight appliance and progressive range-of-motion exercise. Acute SC\ndislocations can be managed with closed reduction by experienced physicians,\nbut surgical reduction for definitive management is often required.\n\n## Rotator Cuff Tear\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nTears of the rotator cuff are most common in persons older than 40 years.15 In\nyounger patients, these injuries typically result from trauma. In middle-aged\nor older patients, a more common presentation is chronic impingement syndrome,\noften resulting in rupture of the cuff. When a rotator cuff ruptures, the\nresulting muscular atrophy often limits the patient's ability to perform the\nnecessary diagnostic maneuvers. In these patients, a rotator cuff tear can be\ndifficult to diagnose clinically. An AP view of the glenohumeral joint may\nshow calcific tendonitis of the cuff and superior migration of the humeral\nhead, which should prompt further imaging studies if the clinician suspects a\ntear15,16 (Table 3).\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 3\n\n#### Imaging Studies of the Shoulder\n\nImaging modality| Advantages| Disadvantages \n---|---|--- \n \nMRI\n\n|\n\n95% sensitivity and specificity in detecting complete rotator cuff tears, cuff\ndegeneration, chronic tendonitis and partial cuff tears\n\n|\n\nOften identifies an apparent “abnormality” in an asymptomatic patient \n \nNo ionizing radiation \n \nArthrography\n\n|\n\nGood at identifying complete rotator cuff tear or adhesive capsulitis (frozen\nshoulder)\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nRelatively poor at diagnosing a partial rotator cuff tear \n \nUltrasonography\n\n|\n\nAccurately diagnoses complete rotator cuff tears\n\n|\n\nLess useful in identifying partial cuff tears \n \nOperator-dependent interpretation \n \nMRI arthrography\n\n|\n\nReliably identifies full-thickness rotator cuff tears and labral tears\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nCT scanning\n\n|\n\nMay be useful in diagnosis of subtle dislocation\n\n|\n\nIonizing radiation \n \nMRI = magnetic resonance imaging; CT = computed tomographic.\n\nTABLE 3\n\n#### Imaging Studies of the Shoulder\n\nImaging modality| Advantages| Disadvantages \n---|---|--- \n \nMRI\n\n|\n\n95% sensitivity and specificity in detecting complete rotator cuff tears, cuff\ndegeneration, chronic tendonitis and partial cuff tears\n\n|\n\nOften identifies an apparent “abnormality” in an asymptomatic patient \n \nNo ionizing radiation \n \nArthrography\n\n|\n\nGood at identifying complete rotator cuff tear or adhesive capsulitis (frozen\nshoulder)\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nRelatively poor at diagnosing a partial rotator cuff tear \n \nUltrasonography\n\n|\n\nAccurately diagnoses complete rotator cuff tears\n\n|\n\nLess useful in identifying partial cuff tears \n \nOperator-dependent interpretation \n \nMRI arthrography\n\n|\n\nReliably identifies full-thickness rotator cuff tears and labral tears\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nCT scanning\n\n|\n\nMay be useful in diagnosis of subtle dislocation\n\n|\n\nIonizing radiation \n \nMRI = magnetic resonance imaging; CT = computed tomographic.\n\nTreatment consists of surgical repair in younger and selected older patients\nor rehabilitation in patients who are not good candidates for surgery. Early\nidentification of a rotator cuff tear is important so that consultation for\npossible surgical repair can be considered. Repair within three weeks of\ninjury is recommended to avoid tendon retraction, reinjury, tendon\ndegeneration and muscle atrophy.\n\n## Impingement Syndrome\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nThe rotator cuff occupies the space between the coracoacromial arch and the\nhumerus. With abduction of the arm, the tendons of the rotator cuff can be\nimpinged between the bony structures of the arch and the humerus. The\nimpingement syndrome was described by Neer17,18 as a series of pathologic\nchanges in the supraspinatus tendon: stage I causes hemorrhage and edema;\nstage II, tendonitis and fibrosis; and stage III, tendon degeneration of the\nrotator cuff and biceps, bony changes and tendon rupture.\n\nPain related to impingement usually occurs over the anterolateral aspect of\nthe shoulder, often with some radiation to, but not usually beyond, the elbow.\nTypically, the pain is aggravated by overhead activity and is worse at night.\nPatients often report a clicking or popping sensation in the affected\nshoulder. In young throwing athletes with these symptoms, however, the\nexaminer should be concerned about the possibility of a labral disorder.\nBiceps tendonitis frequently occurs in the later stages of impingement, and\nrehabilitation can help correct this problem.19\n\nThe examiner should distinguish between primary and secondary impingement.\nInitial treatment of both conditions is conservative, but when conservative\ntreatment fails, the surgical approach to the two problems differs markedly.\nSymptoms in older patients usually reflect chronic overuse and degeneration of\nthe supraspinatus tendon. This process is referred to as primary impingement.\nFor instance, a 65-year-old patient with anterior shoulder pain probably has\nprimary outlet impingement. In contrast, a 17-year-old baseball pitcher is\nmore likely to have secondary impingement, with an underlying problem of\ninstability. This patient will often complain of arm heaviness and numbness\n(“dead arm” syndrome) rather than shoulder pain.20\n\nTherefore, the primary diagnosis in younger throwing athletes is typically\nsubtle glenohumeral instability with secondary impingement and subacromial\nbursitis noted on examination. Weakness in the scapular stabilizers can play\nan important role in the development of shoulder problems, particularly in\nathletes.21 Repeated stresses from overhead motions like throwing can lead to\nfatigue of the muscles that stabilize the humeral head and prevent anterior\nsubluxation. Secondary impingement, therefore, can occur when the fatigue and\ndysfunction of the rotator cuff cause the humeral head to migrate superiorly\nwithin the glenohumeral joint, impinging the rotator cuff tendon under the\ncoracoacromial arch.\n\nOther causes of impingement include a curved or hooked acromion, AC spurring\nand a thickened coracoacromial ligament.22 Radiographs should be considered if\na patient shows no improvement after two to three months of conservative\ntherapy for presumed impingement syndrome (Table 4).23 Degenerative changes at\nthe AC joint, sclerosis, osteophyte formation at the inferior aspect of the\nacromion and sclerosis or cyst formation at the site of supraspinatus tendon\ninsertion into the greater tuberosity should increase the clinician's\nsuspicion of impingement and chronic rotator cuff tears. In some cases,\nmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other imaging studies (Table 3) may be\nnecessary. T_2-weighted MRI has a reported accuracy of 84 to 100 percent in\nthe diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.15,16\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 4\n\n#### Suggested Radiographs for Anterior Shoulder Pain\n\nRadiograph| Abnormality best visualized \n---|--- \n \nAP view of glenohumeral joint\n\n|\n\nDegenerative glenohumeral changes \n \nAC joint\n\n|\n\nAC degenerative changes \n \nAC joint separation \n \nDistal clavicle fracture \n \nAxillary lateral view of shoulder\n\n|\n\nGlenohumeral dislocation \n \nBony Bankart lesion* \n \nSupraspinatus outlet (arch)\n\n|\n\nAbnormality of acromion process \n \nDegenerative changes of anterior acromion \n \nAP = anteroposterior; AC = acromioclavicular.\n\n*—Avulsion fracture of the glenoid.\n\nAdapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and\nsubacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\n\nTABLE 4\n\n#### Suggested Radiographs for Anterior Shoulder Pain\n\nRadiograph| Abnormality best visualized \n---|--- \n \nAP view of glenohumeral joint\n\n|\n\nDegenerative glenohumeral changes \n \nAC joint\n\n|\n\nAC degenerative changes \n \nAC joint separation \n \nDistal clavicle fracture \n \nAxillary lateral view of shoulder\n\n|\n\nGlenohumeral dislocation \n \nBony Bankart lesion* \n \nSupraspinatus outlet (arch)\n\n|\n\nAbnormality of acromion process \n \nDegenerative changes of anterior acromion \n \nAP = anteroposterior; AC = acromioclavicular.\n\n*—Avulsion fracture of the glenoid.\n\nAdapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and\nsubacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\n\nInitial treatment of most patients with impingement syndrome (primary and\nsecondary) is conservative, especially in the acute phase of pain: rest,\nnonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), icing and avoiding aggravating\nactivities. It may be necessary to modify the patient's work activities,\nparticularly overhead lifting. After most of the pain has resolved, a rotator\ncuff strengthening program should be instituted. In some patients,\nparticularly athletes with secondary impingement, scapular rotator cuff\nstrengthening also should be incorporated into the physical therapy program.\nAthletes with secondary impingement and underlying instability who fail to\nshow improvement with conservative therapy should be referred for\nconsideration of a stabilization procedure. In contrast, an older patient with\nprimary impingement would probably undergo open or arthroscopic subacromial\ndecompression.\n\nA corticosteroid injection can be therapeutic and diagnostic in patients with\nimpingement syndrome. If the diagnosis of impingement is uncertain, lidocaine\n(Xylocaine) and/or bupivacaine (Marcaine) can be injected into the subacromial\nspace. After the drug has dispersed for several minutes, impingement tests can\nbe repeated. A decrease in pain increases the certainty that impingement is\nthe primary process. Corticosteroids are often combined with anesthetics in\nthis procedure. A recent randomized, double-blind study24 noted significant\nshort-term relief of subacromial impingement symptoms with corticosteroid\ninjections.\n\n## Frozen Shoulder\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nAdhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, results from thickening and\ncontraction of the capsule around the glenohumeral joint and causes loss of\nmotion and pain. Frozen shoulder classically consists of shoulder pain that is\nslow in onset and presents without any radiographic abnormalities. Usually,\nthe discomfort is localized near the deltoid insertion, the patient is unable\nto sleep on the affected side and glenohumeral elevation and external rotation\nare restricted.\n\nFrozen shoulder most often occurs as a result of immobility following a\nshoulder injury. An autoimmune cause of frozen shoulder has been\nproposed.25,26 The diagnosis is usually made clinically, and physicians should\nalways be concerned about a possible underlying rotator cuff tear. Radiographs\noften appear normal, although osteopenia of the humeral head may be noted as a\nresult of disuse. Arthrography demonstrates generalized constriction of the\njoint capsule, with loss of the normal axillary and subscapularis spaces\n(Table 3). The capsule can be dilated during arthrography, converting the\nprocedure from a diagnostic to a therapeutic one.\n\nA carefully designed treatment plan for patients with frozen shoulder may\ninclude physical therapy, pain medication such as NSAIDs and, occasionally,\nintra-articular corticosteroid injection. Surgical referral may be indicated\nafter conservative treatment has failed, although the exact timing of surgery\nshould be decided on an individual basis.\n\n## Biceps Tendonitis\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nBiceps tendonitis results from inflammation of the sheath around the long head\nof the biceps and is usually manifested by discrete pain and tenderness in the\narea of the bicipital groove, often occurring concomitantly with impingement\nsyndrome or rotator cuff tear. Management is usually conservative; rest,\nicing, NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections may all be helpful. When\nconservative management fails, surgical transfer of the tendon may be\nnecessary.\n\n## Labral Injury\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nThe SLAP lesion (superior labrum anterior and posterior) and other glenoid\nlabral tears are common in throwing athletes who present with a painful\nshoulder that clicks or pops with motion. Patients often have a positive\n“clunk” test,27 especially in the overhead position. They may have tenderness\nto deep palpation over the anterior glenohumeral joint and signs of laxity or\ninstability. Plain films are often normal, and MRI arthrography may be needed\nto view the torn labrum (Table 3). For patients who do not respond to rest,\nNSAIDs and physical therapy, arthroscopic or open surgical repair may be\nindicated.\n\n## Glenohumeral Arthritis\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nArthritis of the glenohumeral joint generally causes pain with activity, loss\nof passive motion and stiffness. Some patients may complain of nighttime pain.\nCauses of arthritis include previous trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, rotator\ncuff tear and Lyme disease. Multiple joint involvement is suggestive of\nrheumatoid arthritis.\n\nAn AP view of the glenohumeral joint will usually reveal degenerative changes\nand loss of joint space (Table 2). Treatment is initially conservative, using\nheat and ice, NSAIDs, range-of-motion exercises and corticosteroid injections.\nPatients for whom conservative therapy fails can be referred for further\nevaluation and treatment.\n\n## Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nAtraumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle is an unusual injury that occurs\nmost often in weight lifters.28 Although its cause remains obscure, the\nproblem most likely begins as a stress fracture. Subsequent bone resorption\ncauses cystic and erosive changes, and bone remodeling cannot occur because of\nthe continual stress imposed on the joint. Patients typically have dull pain\nover the AC joint, which is often worst at the beginning of an exercise\nperiod. Any movement requiring abduction of the arm more than 90 degrees is\npainful.\n\nPlain films of the AC joint and clavicle usually confirm the diagnosis. Key\nfindings include osteopenia and lucency in the distal clavicle (Figure 5).\nTreatment consists of discontinuing load-bearing activity. Conservative\nmanagement should be used for as long as the patient will comply.\nConsideration for resection of the distal clavicle should be individualized\naccording to each patient's functional demands and symptoms.\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 5.\n\nOsteopenia and lucency in a patient with osteolysis of the distal clavicle.\n\nFIGURE 5.\n\nOsteopenia and lucency in a patient with osteolysis of the distal clavicle.\n\nRead the full article.\n\n * Get immediate access, anytime, anywhere.\n * Choose a single article, issue, or full-access subscription.\n * Earn up to 6 CME credits per issue.\n\nAlready a member/subscriber?\n\nLog in >>\n\n|\n\nPurchase Access: See My Optionsclose\n\nAlready a member or subscriber? Log in\n\nBest Value!\n\nGet Full Access\n\nFrom $140\n\nSubscribe\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate, unlimited access to all AFP content\n * More than 130 CME credits per year\n * Access to the AFP app\n * Print delivery option\n\nAccess This Issue\n\n$39.95\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate access to this issue\n * CME credits in this issue\n\nAccess This Article\n\n$20.95\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate access to this article\n\n \n \n---|--- \n \nTo see the full article, log in or purchase access.\n\n### REFERENCES\n\nshow all references\n\n1\\. Butcher JD, Zukowski CW, Brannen SJ, Fieseler C, O'Connor FG, Farrish S,\net al. Patient profile, referral sources, and consultant utilization in a\nprimary care sports medicine clinic. J Fam Pract. 1996;43:556–60....\n\n2\\. Craig EV. Fractures of the clavicle. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz\nRW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.:\nLippincott-Raven, 1996:1109–71.\n\n3\\. Newberg AH. 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Rockwood CA Jr. Disorders of the sternoclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA\nJr, Matsen FA, eds. The shoulder. 2d ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders, 1998.\n\n15\\. Herzog RJ. Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg\n[Am]. 1997;79:933–53.\n\n16\\. Burk DL Jr, Karasick D, Kurtz AB, Mitchell DG, Rifkin MD, Miller CL, et\nal. Rotator cuff tears: prospective comparison of MR imaging with\narthrography, sonography, and surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153:87–92.\n\n17\\. Neer CS 2d. Impingement lesions. Clin Orthop. 1983:70–7.\n\n18\\. Neer CS 2d. Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome\nin the shoulder: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1972;54:41–50.\n\n19\\. Hawkins RJ, Kennedy JC. Impingement syndrome in athletes. Am J Sports\nMed. 1980;8:151–8.\n\n20\\. Rowe CR, Zarins B. Recurrent transient subluxation of the shoulder. J\nBone Joint Surg [Am]. 1981;63:863–72.\n\n21\\. Chandler TJ, Kibler WB, Stracener EC, Ziegler AK, Pace B. Shoulder\nstrength, power, and endurance in college tennis players. Am J Sports Med.\n1992;20:455–8.\n\n22\\. Bigliani LU, Morrison DS, April EW. The morphology of the acromion and\nits relationship to rotator cuff tears [Abstract]. Orthop Trans. 1986;10:228.\n\n23\\. Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement\nsyndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\n\n24\\. Blair B, Rokito AS, Cuomo F, Jarolem K, Zuckerman JD. Efficacy of\ninjections of corticosteroids for sub-acromial impingement syndrome. J Bone\nJoint Surg [Am]. 1996;78:1685–9.\n\n25\\. Bulgen DY, Binder A, Hazleman BL, Park JR. Immunological studies in\nfrozen shoulder. J Rheumatol. 1982;9:893–8.\n\n26\\. Bulgen DY, Hazleman BL, Voak D. HLA-B27 and frozen shoulder. Lancet.\n1976;1(7968):1042–4.\n\n27\\. Woodward TW, Best TM. The painful shoulder: I. clinical evaluation. Am\nFam Physician. 2000;61:3079–88.\n\n28\\. Scavenius M, Iversen BF. Nontraumatic clavicular osteolysis in weight\nlifters. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:463–7.\n\nMembers of various family practice departments develop articles for “Problem-\nOriented Diagnosis.” This article is one in a series coordinated by the\nDepartment of Family Medicine at the University of Wisconsin Medical School,\nMadison. Guest editor of the series is William E. Scheckler, M.D.\n\nCopyright © 2000 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is\nowned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the\nmaterial and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-\ncommercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied,\nprinted, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or\nlater invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact\nafpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests.\n\n * PRINT\n * COMMENTS\n\nWant to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMore in AFP\n\n#### Editor's Collections\n\n * Musculoskeletal Care\n\n#### Related Content\n\n * Musculoskeletal Care\n * Shoulder Disorders\n\nMore in Pubmed\n\n * Citation\n * Related Articles\n\nMOST RECENT ISSUE\n\nMay 1, 2021\n\nAccess the latest issue of American Family Physician\n\nRead the Issue\n\n#### Email Alerts\n\nDon't miss a single issue. Sign up for the free AFP email table of contents.\n\nSign Up Now\n\nNavigate this Article\n\n## Continue reading from June 1, 2000\n\nPrevious: Diary from a Week in Practice\n\nNext: Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis\n\nView the full table of contents >>\n\nHome / Journals / afp / Vol. 61/No. 11(June 1, 2000) / The Painful Shoulder:\nPart II. Acute and Chronic Disorders\n\nCopyright © 2020 American Academy of Family Physicians. All rights Reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418061338/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical","parsed_text":{"title":"Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination","passages":["Please confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. Log out Cancel","In nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) exposures, the clinician should elicit information on the agent ingested, the amount ingested, and the time of ingestion. The most toxic effects are reported after ingestion of phenylbutazone (Butazolidin; no longer available for human use in the United States), mefenamic acid (Ponstel), and meclofenamate sodium (Meclomen); however, all NSAIDS can have untoward effects.","Most NSAID exposures are mild-to-moderate ingestions with low levels of symptom severity that include general gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, and mild chemistry and electrolyte abnormalities that resolve rapidly with supportive care.","In large ingestions, some patients may develop an altered level of consciousness evolving to coma with progressive and sometimes refractory metabolic acidosis and evolving multisystem organ failure. Seizures may be involved and are seen with increased frequency in certain classes of NSAIDs such as the pyrazolones and fenamates (eg, phenylbutazone and mefenamic acid, respectively).","Other NSAIDs are usually less toxic than those mentioned above. Doses of 100 mg/kg or less of ibuprofen, the most widely used NSAID, generally cause minimal symptoms; life-threatening situations do not typically occur until ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more.","Nomograms that correlate time and amount of drug ingested are not reliable for predicting outcome. Patients with recent significant ingestion of anthranilic acids derivatives (fenamates), as well as pyrazolones, require close observation for approximately 24 hours for signs of early severe poisoning.","NSAIDs are implicated in nearly 25% of all adverse drug reactions, with the most commonly reported effects being GI irritation. NSAIDs increase the relative risk of GI hemorrhage by approximately three-fold, although estimations as high as 10-fold have been reported in the literature.^ [3]","The second most common type of adverse effect occurring with NSAID use involves the renal system. In the setting of high angiotensin and low intravascular flow (eg, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, or dehydration), NSAID-induced decrease in prostaglandins leads to a decrease in renal blood flow and subsequently the glomerular filtration rate. Retention of salt, water, and potassium may ensue. Congestive heart failure may be exacerbated by concomitant use of NSAIDs.^ [4]","The possibility of co-ingestants should always be considered and is based on the history and examination findings. In general, patients with isolated NSAID overdose are asymptomatic or have mild GI upset (dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain). At higher doses, patients may exhibit CNS symptoms, including drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, and nystagmus. Massive overdoses may cause the patient to present comatose with refractory acidosis and multisystem organ failure. Co-ingestants should be considered in any drug overdose.","In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 hours. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 hours. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.^ [5]","Bradypnea or tachypnea may suggest early respiratory or metabolic acidosis. NSAIDs can promote salt and water retention and can antagonize beta-blockers, diuretics, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulting in an elevated blood pressure.","Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic (but not specific) of symptomatic massive overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. Tremors or muscle twitching may portend seizures or coma. Analysis of NSAID overdose cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service, which included 10,398 single-drug exposures, found that mefenamic acid overdose is associated with a much larger and dose-related risk of CNS toxicity, especially convulsions, compared with overdose of ibuprofen, diclofenac, or naproxen.^ [6]","Mild CNS symptoms may be nonspecific (eg, headache). Subtle mental status changes, such as difficulty concentrating or mild anxiety, may be observed. Patients with severe toxicity may be agitated and delirious, or they may be comatose to the point of requiring endotracheal intubation.","Aspirin-sensitive individuals with asthma who ingest NSAIDs may present with wheezing or respiratory arrest. The reaction may also include flushed face and/or neck, conjunctivitis, rhinorrhea, and possibly angioedema.","A rectal examination may reveal evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding and is mandatory in any patient who presents with acute or chronic toxicity.","Delayed effects of severe poisonings include renal failure, hepatic failure, and platelet dysfunction. Look for generalized weakness, a sallow complexion, acidosis, heart failure, jaundice, liver tenderness, petechiae, and other signs of bleeding disorders.","Poisoning by acute overdose of specific NSAIDs is best addressed by considering each of the seven chemical classifications (including salicylates). Fenamates and pyrazolones (eg, phenylbutazone) are the most toxic and should be managed most aggressively.","Examples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate (not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to salicylic acid","Hyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor, coma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only with doses exceeding 15 g.","Severe poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system (eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the cardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.","Although the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone is available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has presented in southwestern United States)","These drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting, diarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely within 24 h.","Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients who developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\" developed seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic).","PO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg for intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative ketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.","Sulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal function. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation, seizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case of a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.","Severe toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and hepatic dysfunction","Headache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.","In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.","Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].","Riley DJ, Weir M, Bakris GL. Renal adaptation to the failing heart. Avoiding a 'therapeutic misadventure'. Postgrad Med. 1994 Jun. 95(8):153-6. [Medline].","Kamour A, Crichton S, Cooper G, Lupton DJ, Eddleston M, Vale JA, et al. Central nervous system toxicity of mefenamic acid overdose compared with other NSAIDs: an analysis of cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Apr. 83 (4):855-862. [Medline].","Marciniak KE, Thomas IH, Brogan TV, Roberts JS, Czaja A, Mazor SS. Massive ibuprofen overdose requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiovascular support. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar. 8(2):180-2. [Medline].","Yuan JQ, Tsoi KK, Yang M, Wang JY, Threapleton DE, Yang ZY, et al. Systematic review with network meta-analysis: comparative effectiveness and safety of strategies for preventing NSAID-associated gastrointestinal toxicity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jun. 43 (12):1262-75. [Medline].","Rodriguez SC, Olguin AM, Miralles CP, Viladrich PF. Characteristics of meningitis caused by Ibuprofen: report of 2 cases with recurrent episodes and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006 Jul. 85(4):214-20. [Medline].","Boelsterli UA, Redinbo MR, Saitta K. Multiple NSAID-induced hits injure the small intestine: Underlying mechanisms and novel strategies. Toxicol Sci. 2012 Oct 22. [Medline].","Singh G. Gastrointestinal complications of prescription and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a view from the ARAMIS database. Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System. Am J Ther. 2000 Mar. 7(2):115-21. [Medline].","Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, Shi H, Hatoum HT, Fries JF. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22. 156(14):1530-6. [Medline].","Baron JA, Sandler RS, Bresalier RS, et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib: final analysis of the APPROVe trial. Lancet. 2008 Nov 15. 372(9651):1756-64. [Medline].","Belson MT and Watson WA. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Nelson, LS, eds. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. 8. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 573-579.","Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A, et al. Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 23. 343(21):1520-8, 2 p following 1528. [Medline].","Garcia Rodriguez LA, Williams R, Derby LE, Dean AD, Jick H. Acute liver injury associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the role of risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Feb 14. 154(3):311-6. [Medline].","Hoppmann RA, Peden JG, Ober SK. Central nervous system side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Aseptic meningitis, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Arch Intern Med. 1991 Jul. 151(7):1309-13. [Medline].","Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Anderson TE, Mitchell AA. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: the Slone survey. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16. 287(3):337-44. [Medline].","Konstam MA, Weir MR, Reicin A, et al. Cardiovascular thrombotic events in controlled, clinical trials of rofecoxib. Circulation. 2001 Nov 6. 104(19):2280-8. [Medline].","Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].","McElwee NE, Veltri JC, Bradford DC, Rollins DE. A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted. Ann Emerg Med. 1990 Jun. 19(6):657-62. [Medline].","Rostom A, Goldkind L, Laine L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hepatic toxicity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in arthritis patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 May. 3(5):489-98. [Medline].","Solomon DH, Goodson NJ. The cardiovascular system in rheumatic disease: the newest \"extraarticular\" manifestation?. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug. 32(8):1415-7. [Medline].","Verhamme KM, Dieleman JP, Van Wijk MA, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and increased risk of acute urinary retention. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Jul 11. 165(13):1547-51. [Medline].","Examples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate (not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to salicylic acid","Hyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor, coma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only with doses exceeding 15 g.","Severe poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system (eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the cardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.","Although the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone is available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has presented in southwestern United States)","These drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting, diarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely within 24 h.","Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients who developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\" developed seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic).","PO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg for intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative ketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.","Sulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal function. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation, seizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case of a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.","Severe toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and hepatic dysfunction","Headache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.","In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.","Lance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Association for Physician Leadership","All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2021 by WebMD LLC. This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties."]},"parsed_md":"Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation:\nHistory, Physical Examination\n\nFor You\n\nNews & Perspective\n\nDrugs & Diseases\n\nCME & Education\n\nAcademy\n\nVideo\n\nDecision Point\n\nEdition: ENGLISH\n\nDEUTSCH\n\nESPAÑOL\n\nFRANÇAIS\n\nPORTUGUÊS\n\nLog In\n\nSign Up It's Free!\n\nEdition: ENGLISH DEUTSCH ESPAÑOL FRANÇAIS PORTUGUÊS\n\nRegister Log In\n\nFor You News & Perspective Drugs & Diseases CME & Education Academy Video\nDecision Point\n\nclose\n\nPlease confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you\nwill be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit.\nLog out Cancel\n\nhttps://profreg.medscape.com/px/getpracticeprofile.do?method=getProfessionalProfile&urlCache;=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbWVkaWNpbmUubWVkc2NhcGUuY29tL2FydGljbGUvODE2MTE3LWNsaW5pY2Fs\n\nprocessing....\n\nDrugs & Diseases > Emergency Medicine\n\n# Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation\n\nUpdated: May 30, 2020\n\n * Author: Timothy J Wiegand, MD; Chief Editor: Gil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP more...\n\n * Share\n * Email\n * Print\n * Feedback\n\nClose\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Google+\n\nSections\n\nNonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\n\n * Sections Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\n\n * Overview\n\n * Practice Essentials\n * Pathophysiology\n * Etiology\n * Epidemiology\n * Prognosis\n * Show All\n * Presentation\n\n * History\n * Physical Examination\n * Show All\n * DDx\n * Workup\n\n * Laboratory Studies\n * Imaging Studies\n * Other Tests\n * Procedures\n * Show All\n * Treatment\n\n * Approach Considerations\n * Consultations\n * Prevention\n * Show All\n * Medication\n\n * Medication Summary\n * GI decontaminant\n * Alkalinizing agents\n * Show All\n * Tables\n * References\n\nPresentation\n\n## History\n\n### Patient history\n\nIn nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) exposures, the clinician should\nelicit information on the agent ingested, the amount ingested, and the time of\ningestion. The most toxic effects are reported after ingestion of\nphenylbutazone (Butazolidin; no longer available for human use in the United\nStates), mefenamic acid (Ponstel), and meclofenamate sodium (Meclomen);\nhowever, all NSAIDS can have untoward effects.\n\nAmount ingested\n\nMost NSAID exposures are mild-to-moderate ingestions with low levels of\nsymptom severity that include general gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as\nnausea and vomiting, and mild chemistry and electrolyte abnormalities that\nresolve rapidly with supportive care.\n\nIn large ingestions, some patients may develop an altered level of\nconsciousness evolving to coma with progressive and sometimes refractory\nmetabolic acidosis and evolving multisystem organ failure. Seizures may be\ninvolved and are seen with increased frequency in certain classes of NSAIDs\nsuch as the pyrazolones and fenamates (eg, phenylbutazone and mefenamic acid,\nrespectively).\n\nOther NSAIDs are usually less toxic than those mentioned above. Doses of 100\nmg/kg or less of ibuprofen, the most widely used NSAID, generally cause\nminimal symptoms; life-threatening situations do not typically occur until\ningestions of 400 mg/kg or more.\n\nTime of ingestion\n\nNomograms that correlate time and amount of drug ingested are not reliable for\npredicting outcome. Patients with recent significant ingestion of anthranilic\nacids derivatives (fenamates), as well as pyrazolones, require close\nobservation for approximately 24 hours for signs of early severe poisoning.\n\n### NSAIDs and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug interactions\n\nNSAIDs are implicated in nearly 25% of all adverse drug reactions, with the\nmost commonly reported effects being GI irritation. NSAIDs increase the\nrelative risk of GI hemorrhage by approximately three-fold, although\nestimations as high as 10-fold have been reported in the literature.^ [3]\n\nThe second most common type of adverse effect occurring with NSAID use\ninvolves the renal system. In the setting of high angiotensin and low\nintravascular flow (eg, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, or dehydration),\nNSAID-induced decrease in prostaglandins leads to a decrease in renal blood\nflow and subsequently the glomerular filtration rate. Retention of salt,\nwater, and potassium may ensue. Congestive heart failure may be exacerbated by\nconcomitant use of NSAIDs.^ [4]\n\nConsiderable toxicity may result from interactions between NSAIDs and the\nfollowing drugs:\n\n * Oral anticoagulants\n\n * Lithium\n\n * Oral hypoglycemic agents\n\n * Phenytoin\n\n * Methotrexate\n\n * Digoxin\n\n * Aminoglycosides\n\n### Co-ingestions\n\nThe possibility of co-ingestants should always be considered and is based on\nthe history and examination findings. In general, patients with isolated NSAID\noverdose are asymptomatic or have mild GI upset (dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting,\nand abdominal pain). At higher doses, patients may exhibit CNS symptoms,\nincluding drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, and nystagmus. Massive overdoses may\ncause the patient to present comatose with refractory acidosis and multisystem\norgan failure. Co-ingestants should be considered in any drug overdose.\n\nAny individual presenting with a history of NSAID overdose should have a serum\nacetaminophen level obtained.\n\nNext:\n\n## Physical Examination\n\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\ntypically within 4 hours. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 hours. In this study,\ncoma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of\nchildren. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with\nseizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and\nhepatic dysfunction.^ [5]\n\n### Vital signs\n\nBradypnea or tachypnea may suggest early respiratory or metabolic acidosis.\nNSAIDs can promote salt and water retention and can antagonize beta-blockers,\ndiuretics, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulting in an\nelevated blood pressure.\n\nAn S_3 gallop or marked dysrhythmia may be noted if the patient presents with\nworsening heart failure.\n\n### Central nervous system (CNS) findings\n\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic (but not specific)\nof symptomatic massive overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. Tremors or\nmuscle twitching may portend seizures or coma. Analysis of NSAID overdose\ncases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service,\nwhich included 10,398 single-drug exposures, found that mefenamic acid\noverdose is associated with a much larger and dose-related risk of CNS\ntoxicity, especially convulsions, compared with overdose of ibuprofen,\ndiclofenac, or naproxen.^ [6]\n\nMild CNS symptoms may be nonspecific (eg, headache). Subtle mental status\nchanges, such as difficulty concentrating or mild anxiety, may be observed.\nPatients with severe toxicity may be agitated and delirious, or they may be\ncomatose to the point of requiring endotracheal intubation.\n\nCase reports have also described tinnitus and transient hearing loss after\nNSAID use.\n\n### Pulmonary findings\n\nAspirin-sensitive individuals with asthma who ingest NSAIDs may present with\nwheezing or respiratory arrest. The reaction may also include flushed face\nand/or neck, conjunctivitis, rhinorrhea, and possibly angioedema.\n\n### Gastrointestinal findings\n\nAlthough ulcers are unlikely and perforations very rare in acute overdose,\npatients with gastrointestinal symptoms require thorough abdominal\nexamination.\n\nA rectal examination may reveal evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding and is\nmandatory in any patient who presents with acute or chronic toxicity.\n\n### Delayed manifestations\n\nDelayed effects of severe poisonings include renal failure, hepatic failure,\nand platelet dysfunction. Look for generalized weakness, a sallow complexion,\nacidosis, heart failure, jaundice, liver tenderness, petechiae, and other\nsigns of bleeding disorders.\n\n### Manifestations by NSAID class\n\nPoisoning by acute overdose of specific NSAIDs is best addressed by\nconsidering each of the seven chemical classifications (including\nsalicylates). Fenamates and pyrazolones (eg, phenylbutazone) are the most\ntoxic and should be managed most aggressively.\n\nTable 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs (Open Table in a new window)\n\nNSAID Drug Class\n\n|\n\nMaximum Daily Dose\n\n|\n\nHalf-Life\n\n|\n\nComments\n\n|\n\nClinical Symptoms \n \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nSalicylates\n\nExamples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate\n(not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to\nsalicylic acid\n\n|\n\n1500 mg\n\n|\n\n8-12 h\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate for discussion of acetylsalicylic acid\ntoxicity\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate\n\nDiflunisal: This NSAID commonly causes drowsiness, vomiting, and diarrhea.\n\nHyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor,\ncoma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only\nwith doses exceeding 15 g.\n\nThe lowest reported dose resulting in fatality is 15 g. \n \nPyrazolones\n\nExamples: Phenylbutazone\n\n|\n\n600 mg\n\n|\n\n50-100 h\n\n|\n\nPyrazolones: Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin), one of the most toxic NSAIDs\n\nSymptoms of mild poisoning include nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness; no\nlonger approved for human use in the US.\n\n|\n\nSevere poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system\n(eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the\ncardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory\nacidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\n\nDelayed severe toxicity (2-7 d) includes renal, hepatic, and hematologic\ndysfunction.\n\nAlthough the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone\nis available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has\npresented in southwestern United States) \n \nFenamates (anthranilic acids)\n\nExamples: Meclofenamate (Meclomen), mefenamic acid (Ponstel)\n\n|\n\n1000 mg\n\n|\n\n2 h\n\n|\n\nThese drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting,\ndiarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely\nwithin 24 h.\n\n|\n\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic\noverdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients\nwho developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\"\ndeveloped seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic). \n \nAcetic acids\n\nExamples:\n\nDiclofenac (Voltaren),\n\netodolac(Lodine),\n\nindomethacin (Indocin),\n\nketorolac (Toradol, Sprix),\n\nsulindac (Clinoril)\n\n|\n\nPO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg\nfor intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative\nketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\n\n|\n\nTypically 8-30 h\n\n|\n\nSulindac is a prodrug. Peak concentrations may be delayed 2-5 h.\n\n|\n\nSulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal\nfunction. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation,\nseizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case\nof a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.\n\nDiclofenac can cause nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, hallucinations, and acute\nrenal failure (3 cases). \n \nCOX-2 inhibitors\n\nExamples: Celecoxib\n\n|\n\n400 mg -celecoxib\n\n|\n\n3-11 h\n\n|\n\nConsidered to be relatively safe\n\n|\n\nOnly available Cox-2 inhibitor in the US \n \nPropionic acids Examples:\n\nIbuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), carprofen (Rimadyl),\nketoprofen (Orudis)\n\n|\n\nFor ibuprofen- 3200 mg and T1/2 3 h\n\nFor naproxen-\n\n1500 mg and T1/2 12-17 h\n\n|\n\nSevere toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400\nmg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and\nhepatic dysfunction\n\n|\n\nHeadache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the\nmost common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\n\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\ntypically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma,\napnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children.\nIngestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures,\napnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic\ndysfunction. \n \nOxicams Examples:\n\nPiroxicam (Feldene)\n\n|\n\n20 mg\n\n|\n\n45-50 h\n\n|\n\nOccasionally, these NSAIDs can cause dizziness, blurred vision, seizures, and\ncoma. \n \nPrevious\n\nDifferential Diagnoses\n\n###### References\n\n 1. Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Brooks DE, Beuhler MC, Rivers LJ, et al. 2018 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 36th Annual Report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2019 Dec. 57 (12):1220-1413. [Medline]. [Full Text].\n\n 2. Sheridan DC, Hendrickson RG, Lin AL, Fu R, Horowitz BZ. Adolescent Suicidal Ingestion: National Trends Over a Decade. J Adolesc Health. 2017 Feb. 60 (2):191-195. [Medline].\n\n 3. Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\n\n 4. Riley DJ, Weir M, Bakris GL. Renal adaptation to the failing heart. Avoiding a 'therapeutic misadventure'. Postgrad Med. 1994 Jun. 95(8):153-6. [Medline].\n\n 5. Hall AH, Smolinske SC, Conrad FL, et al. Ibuprofen overdose: 126 cases. Ann Emerg Med. 1986 Nov. 15(11):1308-13. [Medline].\n\n 6. Kamour A, Crichton S, Cooper G, Lupton DJ, Eddleston M, Vale JA, et al. Central nervous system toxicity of mefenamic acid overdose compared with other NSAIDs: an analysis of cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Apr. 83 (4):855-862. [Medline].\n\n 7. Marciniak KE, Thomas IH, Brogan TV, Roberts JS, Czaja A, Mazor SS. Massive ibuprofen overdose requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiovascular support. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar. 8(2):180-2. [Medline].\n\n 8. Yuan JQ, Tsoi KK, Yang M, Wang JY, Threapleton DE, Yang ZY, et al. Systematic review with network meta-analysis: comparative effectiveness and safety of strategies for preventing NSAID-associated gastrointestinal toxicity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jun. 43 (12):1262-75. [Medline].\n\n 9. Chen HW, Chen KC, Chen JS. Colchicine and NSAID Combination Causing Acute Kidney Injury. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2012 Nov. 22(11):737-9. [Medline].\n\n 10. Gulmez SE, Larrey D, Pageaux GP, Lignot-Maleyran S, de Vries C, Sturkenboom M, et al. Methodology for a multinational case-population study on liver toxicity risks with NSAIDs: the Study of Acute Liver Transplant (SALT). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Aug 10. [Medline].\n\n 11. Rodriguez SC, Olguin AM, Miralles CP, Viladrich PF. Characteristics of meningitis caused by Ibuprofen: report of 2 cases with recurrent episodes and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006 Jul. 85(4):214-20. [Medline].\n\n 12. Boelsterli UA, Redinbo MR, Saitta K. Multiple NSAID-induced hits injure the small intestine: Underlying mechanisms and novel strategies. Toxicol Sci. 2012 Oct 22. [Medline].\n\n 13. Singh G. Gastrointestinal complications of prescription and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a view from the ARAMIS database. Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System. Am J Ther. 2000 Mar. 7(2):115-21. [Medline].\n\n 14. Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, Shi H, Hatoum HT, Fries JF. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22. 156(14):1530-6. [Medline].\n\n 15. Solomon DH, Glynn RJ, Levin R, Avorn J. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and acute myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med. 2002 May 27. 162(10):1099-104. [Medline].\n\n 16. Baron JA, Sandler RS, Bresalier RS, et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib: final analysis of the APPROVe trial. Lancet. 2008 Nov 15. 372(9651):1756-64. [Medline].\n\n 17. Aithal GP, Day CP. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Clin Liver Dis. 2007 Aug. 11(3):563-75, vi-vii. [Medline].\n\n 18. Belson MT and Watson WA. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Nelson, LS, eds. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. 8. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 573-579.\n\n 19. Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A, et al. Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 23. 343(21):1520-8, 2 p following 1528. [Medline].\n\n 20. Bryson P. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Comprehensive Review in Toxicology. 2nd ed. Aspen Publishers; 1989. 445-54.\n\n 21. Colburn KK, Flores R. The Role of COX-2 Inhibitors in Emergency and Acute Care Medicine. Emergency Medicine Reports. 2000. 21(3):\n\n 22. Garcia Rodriguez LA, Williams R, Derby LE, Dean AD, Jick H. Acute liver injury associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the role of risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Feb 14. 154(3):311-6. [Medline].\n\n 23. Hillis WS. Areas of emerging interest in analgesia: cardiovascular complications. Am J Ther. 2002 May-Jun. 9(3):259-69. [Medline].\n\n 24. Hoppmann RA, Peden JG, Ober SK. Central nervous system side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Aseptic meningitis, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Arch Intern Med. 1991 Jul. 151(7):1309-13. [Medline].\n\n 25. Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Anderson TE, Mitchell AA. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: the Slone survey. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16. 287(3):337-44. [Medline].\n\n 26. Konstam MA, Weir MR, Reicin A, et al. Cardiovascular thrombotic events in controlled, clinical trials of rofecoxib. Circulation. 2001 Nov 6. 104(19):2280-8. [Medline].\n\n 27. Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\n\n 28. McElwee NE, Veltri JC, Bradford DC, Rollins DE. A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted. Ann Emerg Med. 1990 Jun. 19(6):657-62. [Medline].\n\n 29. Nephrotoxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Lancet. 1994 Aug 20. 344(8921):515-8. [Medline].\n\n 30. Rostom A, Goldkind L, Laine L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hepatic toxicity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in arthritis patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 May. 3(5):489-98. [Medline].\n\n 31. Solomon DH, Goodson NJ. The cardiovascular system in rheumatic disease: the newest \"extraarticular\" manifestation?. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug. 32(8):1415-7. [Medline].\n\n 32. Tai, WW. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Olson KR. Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 5. New York, NY: Lange Medical Books and McGraw-Hill; 2007. 284-287.\n\n 33. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee. September 2002. 19-20:[Full Text].\n\n 34. Verhamme KM, Dieleman JP, Van Wijk MA, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and increased risk of acute urinary retention. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Jul 11. 165(13):1547-51. [Medline].\n\nMedia Gallery\n\nof 0\n\n###### Tables\n\n * Table 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs\n\nTable 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs\n\nNSAID Drug Class\n\n|\n\nMaximum Daily Dose\n\n|\n\nHalf-Life\n\n|\n\nComments\n\n|\n\nClinical Symptoms \n \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nSalicylates\n\nExamples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate\n(not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to\nsalicylic acid\n\n|\n\n1500 mg\n\n|\n\n8-12 h\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate for discussion of acetylsalicylic acid\ntoxicity\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate\n\nDiflunisal: This NSAID commonly causes drowsiness, vomiting, and diarrhea.\n\nHyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor,\ncoma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only\nwith doses exceeding 15 g.\n\nThe lowest reported dose resulting in fatality is 15 g. \n \nPyrazolones\n\nExamples: Phenylbutazone\n\n|\n\n600 mg\n\n|\n\n50-100 h\n\n|\n\nPyrazolones: Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin), one of the most toxic NSAIDs\n\nSymptoms of mild poisoning include nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness; no\nlonger approved for human use in the US.\n\n|\n\nSevere poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system\n(eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the\ncardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory\nacidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\n\nDelayed severe toxicity (2-7 d) includes renal, hepatic, and hematologic\ndysfunction.\n\nAlthough the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone\nis available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has\npresented in southwestern United States) \n \nFenamates (anthranilic acids)\n\nExamples: Meclofenamate (Meclomen), mefenamic acid (Ponstel)\n\n|\n\n1000 mg\n\n|\n\n2 h\n\n|\n\nThese drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting,\ndiarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely\nwithin 24 h.\n\n|\n\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic\noverdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients\nwho developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\"\ndeveloped seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic). \n \nAcetic acids\n\nExamples:\n\nDiclofenac (Voltaren),\n\netodolac(Lodine),\n\nindomethacin (Indocin),\n\nketorolac (Toradol, Sprix),\n\nsulindac (Clinoril)\n\n|\n\nPO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg\nfor intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative\nketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\n\n|\n\nTypically 8-30 h\n\n|\n\nSulindac is a prodrug. Peak concentrations may be delayed 2-5 h.\n\n|\n\nSulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal\nfunction. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation,\nseizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case\nof a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.\n\nDiclofenac can cause nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, hallucinations, and acute\nrenal failure (3 cases). \n \nCOX-2 inhibitors\n\nExamples: Celecoxib\n\n|\n\n400 mg -celecoxib\n\n|\n\n3-11 h\n\n|\n\nConsidered to be relatively safe\n\n|\n\nOnly available Cox-2 inhibitor in the US \n \nPropionic acids Examples:\n\nIbuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), carprofen (Rimadyl),\nketoprofen (Orudis)\n\n|\n\nFor ibuprofen- 3200 mg and T1/2 3 h\n\nFor naproxen-\n\n1500 mg and T1/2 12-17 h\n\n|\n\nSevere toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400\nmg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and\nhepatic dysfunction\n\n|\n\nHeadache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the\nmost common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\n\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\ntypically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma,\napnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children.\nIngestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures,\napnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic\ndysfunction. \n \nOxicams Examples:\n\nPiroxicam (Feldene)\n\n|\n\n20 mg\n\n|\n\n45-50 h\n\n|\n\nOccasionally, these NSAIDs can cause dizziness, blurred vision, seizures, and\ncoma. \n \nBack to List\n\n###### Contributor Information and Disclosures\n\nAuthor\n\nTimothy J Wiegand, MD Director, Ruth A Lawrence Poison and Drug Information\nCenter, Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine and Emergency Medicine,\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center and Strong Memorial Hospital\n\nTimothy J Wiegand, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American\nAcademy of Clinical Toxicology, American College of Medical Toxicology,\nAmerican College of Physicians\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nCoauthor(s)\n\nConstance M Vernetti, MD Resident Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine,\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center\n\nConstance M Vernetti, MD is a member of the following medical societies:\nSociety for Academic Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Residents'\nAssociation\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nSpecialty Editor Board\n\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD Regional Director of Pharmacy, Sacred Heart and St\nJoseph's Hospitals\n\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies:\nAmerican Society of Health-System Pharmacists\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nFred Harchelroad, MD, FACMT, FAAEM, FACEP Attending Physician in Emergency\nMedicine and Medical Toxicology, Excela Health System\n\nFred Harchelroad, MD, FACMT, FAAEM, FACEP is a member of the following medical\nsocieties: American College of Medical Toxicology\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nChief Editor\n\nGil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency\nMedicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California;\nChief Medical Information Officer, Keck Medicine of USC\n\nGil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies:\nAmerican College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics\nAssociation\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nAdditional Contributors\n\nLance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM Staff Physician, Teladoc Health;\nPresident and Chief Executive Officer, QED Medical Solutions, LLC\n\nLance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM is a member of the following medical\nsocieties: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Association for\nPhysician Leadership\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nAsim Tarabar, MD Assistant Professor, Director, Medical Toxicology, Department\nof Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff,\nDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nAcknowledgements\n\nMichele B Delenick, MD Hospitalist, Maine Hospitalist Service, Department of\nInternal Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland\n\nMichele B Delenick, MD is a member of the following medical societies:\nAmerican College of Physicians\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nNeesha Suresh Desai, MD, MPH Staff Physician, Department of Emergency\nMedicine, New York University Hospital, Bellevue Hospital Center\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nJingjing Hu, MD Attending Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, Maine\nMedical Center, Portland\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nGregory S Johnston, MD Attending Physician, Beth Israel Medical Center\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nCarlyn Ko, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Premier\nHealthcare\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nFred Tilden, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Services, MidState\nMedical Center\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nClose\n\n###### What would you like to print?\n\nWhat would you like to print?\n\n * Print this section\n * Print the entire contents of\n * Print the entire contents of article\n\n * Sections Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\n\n * Overview\n\n * Practice Essentials\n * Pathophysiology\n * Etiology\n * Epidemiology\n * Prognosis\n * Show All\n * Presentation\n\n * History\n * Physical Examination\n * Show All\n * DDx\n * Workup\n\n * Laboratory Studies\n * Imaging Studies\n * Other Tests\n * Procedures\n * Show All\n * Treatment\n\n * Approach Considerations\n * Consultations\n * Prevention\n * Show All\n * Medication\n\n * Medication Summary\n * GI decontaminant\n * Alkalinizing agents\n * Show All\n * Tables\n * References\n\nFind Us On\n\nAbout\n\nAbout Medscape Privacy Policy Editorial Policy Cookies Terms of Use\nAdvertising Policy Help Center\n\nMembership\n\nBecome a Member About You Professional Information Newsletters & Alerts\n\nApps\n\nMedscape CME & Education\n\nWebMD Network\n\nMedscape Live Events WebMD MedicineNet eMedicineHealth RxList WebMD Corporate\n\nEditions\n\nEnglish Deutsch Español Français Português\n\nAll material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2021\nby WebMD LLC. 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Share a Case\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/basics/definition/prc-20014455","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160623044213/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/basics/definition/prc-20014455","parsed_text":{"title":"Cortisone shots","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Cortisone shots - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/massage/art-20045743","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518231358/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/massage/art-20045743","parsed_text":{"title":"Massage: Get in touch with its many benefits","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Massage: Get in touch with its many benefits - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/prc-20020778","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180121124147/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/prc-20020778","parsed_text":{"title":"Acupuncture","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Acupuncture - Mayo Clinic\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20151019073227/http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you roll out of bed bleary-eyed each day, thinking, “Oh, my aching [insert painful joint here],” you’re not alone.\",\n \"Research shows that between 50 and 90 percent of people with chronic joint pain don’t sleep well. And, that sleep deprivation can lead to other health issues, including low energy, mood disorders and eating problems.\",\n \"If you have chronic pain in your hips, knees or shoulders, there are things you can do to limit how much the discomfort affects your nighttime rest, says Michael Schaefer, MD, Director of Musculoskeletal Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation at Cleveland Clinic.\",\n \"“A healthy brain is a well-rested brain. It can deal better with pain, such as arthritis, on an ongoing basis,” he says. “Lack of sleep, on the other hand, can directly affect your mood, and a bad mood can make it harder to cope with pain. This can become a vicious cycle.”\",\n \"Some problems with broken sleep patterns are normal as we age, Dr. Schaefer says, but you shouldn’t wake up and stay awake every night because of pain. If that’s your situation, consult your primary care physician.\",\n \"“If the pain goes on for more than three or four days in a row or intermittently for two to three weeks, it’s time to get it addressed,” he says. “If the pain is so severe that you require alcohol or over-the-counter sleep aids to fall sleep, then it’s worth getting it looked at.”\",\n \"Finding the right position can be the most crucial part of avoiding pain during sleep. Twisting and turning to find a comfortable spot is normal, Dr. Schaefer says, but even the slightest twinge of pain can disrupt your rest. He recommends you start out sleeping on your side – avoiding a sore shoulder if you have one – with a pillow between your legs. Try to avoid lying flat on your back.\",\n \"Side-sleeping won’t work for all shoulder pain, though. Minimize that discomfort by wrapping your arm in a bandage or wearing a sling to bed. It will keep your arm immobile and prevent you from sleeping with your arm in an awkward position.\",\n \"There are additional, pain-specific steps you can take to decrease nighttime discomfort, Dr. Schaefer says. He also offers some general sleep recommendations to help nearly anyone, not only pain sufferers.\",\n \"Find the right mattress. For back, hip and knee pain, Dr. Schaefer recommends a firm mattress. Add a foam pad on top if you need it to help evenly distribute your weight and keep your joints in alignment.\",\n \"Take appropriate medication. If you’re using regular acetaminophen or ibuprofen and your pain breaks through the night, consider switching to a different pain reliever. Dr. Schaefer recommends pain killers that last between 12 and 24 hours, such as naproxen (Aleve®).\",\n \"Maintain good sleep hygiene. Keep your sleep schedule as consistent as possible – turn off the television, put all electronics away, turn off lights and keep your room as quiet as you can.\",\n \"Avoid substance aids. Alcohol might make you drowsy, but it won’t give you restful sleep. People often wake up after a few hours of drinking.\",\n \"Minimize how often you use over-the-counter sleep aids. If you take them too long, you’ll need higher doses and may have trouble breaking this habit.\",\n \"Do low-impact exercises. Regularly scheduled low-impact exercise, such as walking, bicycling or swimming, can help with both pain and sleep disorders.\",\n \"Normal joint pain, especially in the hips, knees and shoulders, frequently worsens at night, he says. Your sleep position and the alignment of your body are responsible for most of the pain, but some comes from being so still at night.\",\n \"“Joints swell at night, and motion gradually lubricates them and keeps the fluids moving round,” Dr. Schaefer says. “When you stop moving, they can swell more.” This can cause stiffness and pain, he says.\",\n \"Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our blog helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services.\",\n \"Holly L. Thacker, MD, Director of the Center for Specialized Women's Health and Executive Director of Speaking of Women’s Health, is nationally known for her leadership in women's health.\",\n \"Richard E Gans, M.D., FACS joined the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute in 2004. He is an accomplished surgeon and a comprehensive ophthalmologist.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep - Health\\nEssentials from Cleveland Clinic\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\n## How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep\\n\\nJanuary 28, 2015 / By Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\\n\\nIf you roll out of bed bleary-eyed each day, thinking, “Oh, my aching [insert\\npainful joint here],” you’re not alone.\\n\\nResearch shows that between 50 and 90 percent of people with chronic joint\\npain don’t sleep well. And, that sleep deprivation can lead to other health\\nissues, including low energy, mood disorders and eating problems.\\n\\nIf you have chronic pain in your hips, knees or shoulders, there are things\\nyou can do to limit how much the discomfort affects your nighttime rest, says\\nMichael Schaefer, MD, Director of Musculoskeletal Physical Medicine &\\nRehabilitation at Cleveland Clinic.\\n\\n“A healthy brain is a well-rested brain. It can deal better with pain, such as\\narthritis, on an ongoing basis,” he says. “Lack of sleep, on the other hand,\\ncan directly affect your mood, and a bad mood can make it harder to cope with\\npain. This can become a vicious cycle.”\\n\\n### When you need a doctor\\n\\nSome problems with broken sleep patterns are normal as we age, Dr. Schaefer\\nsays, but you shouldn’t wake up and stay awake every night because of pain. If\\nthat’s your situation, consult your primary care physician.\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\n“If the pain goes on for more than three or four days in a row or\\nintermittently for two to three weeks, it’s time to get it addressed,” he\\nsays. “If the pain is so severe that you require alcohol or over-the-counter\\nsleep aids to fall sleep, then it’s worth getting it looked at.”\\n\\nSee your doctor if you have joint pain and:\\n\\n * The pain isn’t in a typical spot for arthritis\\n * You’re losing weight unexpectedly\\n * Have a fever or chills\\n * Experience night sweats\\n * Have a history of cancer\\n\\nAny of those problems can indicate a more serious condition in need of\\nimmediate medical attention, Dr. Schaefer says.\\n\\n### Get into a good sleep position\\n\\nFinding the right position can be the most crucial part of avoiding pain\\nduring sleep. Twisting and turning to find a comfortable spot is normal, Dr.\\nSchaefer says, but even the slightest twinge of pain can disrupt your rest. He\\nrecommends you start out sleeping on your side – avoiding a sore shoulder if\\nyou have one – with a pillow between your legs. Try to avoid lying flat on\\nyour back.\\n\\nSide-sleeping won’t work for all shoulder pain, though. Minimize that\\ndiscomfort by wrapping your arm in a bandage or wearing a sling to bed. It\\nwill keep your arm immobile and prevent you from sleeping with your arm in an\\nawkward position.\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\n### Other tips offer sleep relief for all\\n\\nThere are additional, pain-specific steps you can take to decrease nighttime\\ndiscomfort, Dr. Schaefer says. He also offers some general sleep\\nrecommendations to help nearly anyone, not only pain sufferers.\\n\\n * Find the right mattress. For back, hip and knee pain, Dr. Schaefer recommends a firm mattress. Add a foam pad on top if you need it to help evenly distribute your weight and keep your joints in alignment.\\n * Take appropriate medication. If you’re using regular acetaminophen or ibuprofen and your pain breaks through the night, consider switching to a different pain reliever. Dr. Schaefer recommends pain killers that last between 12 and 24 hours, such as naproxen (Aleve®).\\n * Maintain good sleep hygiene. Keep your sleep schedule as consistent as possible – turn off the television, put all electronics away, turn off lights and keep your room as quiet as you can.\\n * Avoid substance aids. Alcohol might make you drowsy, but it won’t give you restful sleep. People often wake up after a few hours of drinking.\\n * Minimize how often you use over-the-counter sleep aids. If you take them too long, you’ll need higher doses and may have trouble breaking this habit.\\n * Do low-impact exercises. Regularly scheduled low-impact exercise, such as walking, bicycling or swimming, can help with both pain and sleep disorders.\\n\\n### Why sleep can hurt\\n\\nNormal joint pain, especially in the hips, knees and shoulders, frequently\\nworsens at night, he says. Your sleep position and the alignment of your body\\nare responsible for most of the pain, but some comes from being so still at\\nnight.\\n\\n“Joints swell at night, and motion gradually lubricates them and keeps the\\nfluids moving round,” Dr. Schaefer says. “When you stop moving, they can swell\\nmore.” This can cause stiffness and pain, he says.\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\nTags: chronic pain, hip pain, knee pain, shoulder pain, sleep\\n\\n### Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\n### Related Posts\\n\\n * Chiropractic Care: Safe for Sprains, Strains and Pains\\n * Does Weather Trigger Migraines? (Video)\\n * Don’t Let Back Pain Beat You On the Golf Course\\n\\n### More from Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\\n\\n * Understanding the Labels on Your Over-the-Counter Meds\\n * These Injections Can Help Your Chronic Muscle and Joint Pain\\n * 4 Best Ways to Prevent Infection From Joint Replacement\\n\\nCleveland Clinc now offers same-day appointments. Get the care you need, right\\naway at 888.223.CARE\\n\\nSame-Day Appointments\\n\\n * Find a Doctor\\n * Request an Appointment\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Lucy\\n\\nExcellent information on sleep when in pain. Thanks you.\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\nCleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our\\nblog helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic\\nproducts or services.\\n\\nPolicy\\n\\n### Most Popular\\n\\n * 1 Gastroparesis: Know the Risk Factors for This Mysterious Stomach Condition\\n * 2 Does Your Skin Have Tiny White Bumps? Leave Them Alone\\n * 3 8 Possible Causes for That Metallic Taste in Your Mouth\\n * 4 3 Types of Chest Pain That Won’t Kill You\\n * 5 How to Beat Weight Gain After Menopause\\n\\n### Featured Experts\\n\\n * #### Scott Burg, DO\\n\\nScott Burg, DO, is a staff rheumatologist who specializes in osteoarthritis,\\nrheumatoid arthritis, gout, osteoporosis and golf injuries.\\n\\n * #### Holly L. Thacker, MD\\n\\nHolly L. Thacker, MD, Director of the Center for Specialized Women's Health\\nand Executive Director of Speaking of Women’s Health, is nationally known for\\nher leadership in women's health.\\n\\n * #### Sue Cotey and Andrea Harris, RNs\\n\\nSue Cotey, RN, CDE, and Andrea Harris, RN, CDE, are Diabetes Educators with\\nthe Lennon Diabetes Center at the Stephanie Tubbs Jones Health Center. Sue is\\nthe Program Coordinator.\\n\\n * #### Cancer Answer Nurses\\n\\nJamie Schwachter, BSN, MSN, NP-C and Josette Snyder, RN, MSN, AOCN are\\nAdvanced Practice Nurses for Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute’s\\nCancer Answer Line.\\n\\n * #### Richard Gans, MD\\n\\nRichard E Gans, M.D., FACS joined the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute in\\n2004. He is an accomplished surgeon and a comprehensive ophthalmologist.\\n\\nView All\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\nAvatars by Sterling Adventures\\n\\nAdvertising Policy\\n\\nWe comply with the HONCode standard for trustworthy health information: verify\\nhere.\\n\\nCleveland Clinic © 1995-2015. All Rights Reserved. 9500 Euclid Avenue,\\nCleveland, Ohio 44195 | 800.223.2273 | TTY 216.444.0261\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171106114302/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00065\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Shoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems-OrthoInfo\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This article is also available in Spanish: Dolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombroDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro (topic.cfm?topic=A00704).\",\n \"What most people call the shoulder is really several joints that combine with tendons and muscles to allow a wide range of motion in the arm — from scratching your back to throwing the perfect pitch.\",\n \"Mobility has its price, however. It may lead to increasing problems with instability or impingement of the soft tissue or bony structures in your shoulder, resulting in pain. You may feel pain only when you move your shoulder, or all of the time. The pain may be temporary or it may continue and require medical diagnosis and treatment.\",\n \"This article explains some of the common causes of shoulder pain, as well as some general treatment options. Your doctor can give you more detailed information about your shoulder pain.\",\n \"Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle).\",\n \"The head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder blade. This socket is called the glenoid. A combination of muscles and tendons keeps your arm bone centered in your shoulder socket. These tissues are called the rotator cuff. They cover the head of your upper arm bone and attach it to your shoulder blade.\",\n \"Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that are located in joints throughout the body, including the shoulder. They act as cushions between bones and the overlying soft tissues, and help reduce friction between the gliding muscles and the bone.\",\n \"Sometimes, excessive use of the shoulder leads to inflammation and swelling of the bursa between the rotator cuff and part of the shoulder blade known as the acromion. The result is a condition known as subacromial bursitis. Bursitis often occurs in association with rotator cuff tendinitis. The many tissues in the shoulder can become inflamed and painful. Many daily activities, such as combing your hair or getting dressed, may become difficult.\",\n \"A tendon is a cord that connects muscle to bone. Most tendinitis is a result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time, much like the wearing process on the sole of a shoe that eventually splits from overuse.\",\n \"The most commonly affected tendons in the shoulder are the four rotator cuff tendons and one of the biceps tendons. The rotator cuff is made up of four small muscles and their tendons that cover the head of your upper arm bone and keep it in the shoulder socket. Your rotator cuff helps provide shoulder motion and stability.\",\n \"Splitting and tearing of tendons may result from acute injury or degenerative changes in the tendons due to advancing age, long-term overuse and wear and tear, or a sudden injury. These tears may be partial or may completely split the tendon into two pieces. In most cases of complete tears, the tendon is pulled away from its attachment to the bone. Rotator cuff and biceps tendon injuries are among the most common of these injuries.\",\n \"Shoulder impingement occurs when the top of the shoulder blade (acromion) puts pressure on the underlying soft tissues when the arm is lifted away from the body. As the arm is lifted, the acromion rubs, or \\\"impinges\\\" on, the rotator cuff tendons and bursa. This can lead to bursitis and tendinitis, causing pain and limiting movement. Over time, severe impingement can even lead to a rotator cuff tear.\",\n \"Shoulder instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of a sudden injury or from overuse.\",\n \"Shoulder dislocations can be partial, with the ball of the upper arm coming just partially out of the socket. This is called a subluxation. A complete dislocation means the ball comes all the way out of the socket.\",\n \"Once the ligaments, tendons, and muscles around the shoulder become loose or torn, dislocations can occur repeatedly. Recurring dislocations, which may be partial or complete, cause pain and unsteadiness when you raise your arm or move it away from your body. Repeated episodes of subluxations or dislocations lead to an increased risk of developing arthritis in the joint.\",\n \"Shoulder pain can also result from arthritis. There are many types of arthritis. The most common type of arthritis in the shoulder is osteoarthritis, also known as \\\"wear and tear\\\" arthritis. Symptoms, such as swelling, pain, and stiffness, typically begin during middle age. Osteoarthritis develops slowly and the pain it causes worsens over time.\",\n \"Osteoarthritis, may be related to sports or work injuries and chronic wear and tear. Other types of arthritis can be related to rotator cuff tears, infection, or an inflammation of the joint lining.\",\n \"Often people will avoid shoulder movements in an attempt to lessen arthritis pain. This sometimes leads to a tightening or stiffening of the soft tissue parts of the joint, resulting in a painful restriction of motion.\",\n \"Shoulder fractures in older patients are often the result of a fall from standing height. In younger patients, shoulder fractures are often caused by a high energy injury, such as a motor vehicle accident or contact sports injury.\",\n \"In the case of an acute injury causing intense pain, seek medical care as soon as possible. If the pain is less severe, it may be safe to rest a few days to see if time will resolve the problem. If symptoms persist, see a doctor.\",\n \"Your doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation in order to determine the cause of your shoulder pain and provide you with treatment options.\",\n \"The first step in the evaluation is a thorough medical history. Your doctor may ask how and when the pain started, whether it has occurred before and how it was treated, and other questions to help determine both your general health and the possible causes of your shoulder problem. Because most shoulder conditions are aggravated by specific activities, and relieved by specific activities, a medical history can be a valuable tool in finding the source of your pain.\",\n \"A comprehensive examination will be required to find the causes of your shoulder pain. Your doctor will look for physical abnormalities, swelling, deformity or muscle weakness, and check for tender areas. He or she will observe your shoulder range of motion and strength.\",\n \"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Thes imaging studies create better pictures of soft tissues. It may help your doctor identify injuries to the ligaments and tendons surrounding your shoulder joint.\",\n \"Computed tomography (CT) scan. This tool combines x-rays with computer technology to produce a very detailed view of the bones in the shoulder area.\",\n \"Arthrogram. During this x-ray study, dye is injected into the shoulder to better show the joint and its surrounding muscles and tendons.\",\n \"Arthroscopy. In this surgical procedure, your doctor looks inside the joint with a fiber-optic camera. Arthroscopy may show soft tissue injuries that are not apparent from the physical examination, x-rays, and other tests. In addition to helping find the cause of pain, arthroscopy may be used to correct the problem.\",\n \"Treatment generally involves rest, altering your activities, and physical therapy to help you improve shoulder strength and flexibility. Common sense solutions such as avoiding overexertion or overdoing activities in which you normally do not participate can help to prevent shoulder pain.\",\n \"Your doctor may prescribe medication to reduce inflammation and pain. If medication is prescribed to relieve pain, it should be taken only as directed. Your doctor may also recommend injections of numbing medicines or steroids to relieve pain.\",\n \"Surgery may be required to resolve some shoulder problems; however, 90 percent of patients with shoulder pain will respond to simple treatment methods such as altering activities, rest, exercise, and medication.\",\n \"Certain types of shoulder problems, such as recurring dislocations and some rotator cuff tears, may not benefit from exercise. In these cases, surgery may be recommended fairly early.\",\n \"Surgery can involve arthroscopy to remove scar tissue or repair torn tissues, or traditional, open procedures for larger reconstructions or shoulder replacement.\",\n \"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\" program on this website.\",\n \"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Shoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems-OrthoInfo - AAOS\\n\\nFind an Orthopaedist\\n\\nAAOS.org\\n\\nHome\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\nGlossary\\n\\nEspañol & Português\\n\\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\\n\\nFor Physicians\\n\\nParts of the Body\\n\\nShoulder & Elbow\\n\\nHand & Wrist\\n\\nHip & Thigh\\n\\nKnee & Lower Leg\\n\\nFoot & Ankle\\n\\nNeck & Back\\n\\nHealth Centers\\n\\nBroken Bones & Injuries\\n\\nDiseases & Conditions\\n\\nArthritis\\n\\nTumors\\n\\nSports Injuries & Prevention\\n\\nChildren\\n\\nBone Health\\n\\nHealth & Safety\\n\\nTreatment\\n\\nTreatments & Surgeries\\n\\nJoint Replacement\\n\\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\\n\\nYour Healthcare\\n\\nPatient Safety\\n\\nPatient Stories\\n\\nResources\\n\\nCopyright 2010 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nShoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems\\n\\nThis article is also available in Spanish: Dolor de hombro y problemas comunes\\ndel hombroDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\\n(topic.cfm?topic=A00704).\\n\\nWhat most people call the shoulder is really several joints that combine with\\ntendons and muscles to allow a wide range of motion in the arm — from\\nscratching your back to throwing the perfect pitch.\\n\\nMobility has its price, however. It may lead to increasing problems with\\ninstability or impingement of the soft tissue or bony structures in your\\nshoulder, resulting in pain. You may feel pain only when you move your\\nshoulder, or all of the time. The pain may be temporary or it may continue and\\nrequire medical diagnosis and treatment.\\n\\nThis article explains some of the common causes of shoulder pain, as well as\\nsome general treatment options. Your doctor can give you more detailed\\ninformation about your shoulder pain.\\n\\nAnatomy\\n\\nThis simplified illustration of the shoulder highlights the major components\\nof the joint.\\n\\nYour shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your\\nshoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle).\\n\\nThe head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder\\nblade. This socket is called the glenoid. A combination of muscles and tendons\\nkeeps your arm bone centered in your shoulder socket. These tissues are called\\nthe rotator cuff. They cover the head of your upper arm bone and attach it to\\nyour shoulder blade.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nCause\\n\\nMost shoulder problems fall into four major categories:\\n\\n * Tendon inflammation (bursitis or tendinitis) or tendon tear\\n * Instability\\n * Arthritis\\n * Fracture (broken bone)\\n\\nOther much less common causes of shoulder pain are tumors, infection, and\\nnerve-related problems.\\n\\n#### Bursitis\\n\\nBursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that are located in joints throughout the\\nbody, including the shoulder. They act as cushions between bones and the\\noverlying soft tissues, and help reduce friction between the gliding muscles\\nand the bone.\\n\\nSometimes, excessive use of the shoulder leads to inflammation and swelling of\\nthe bursa between the rotator cuff and part of the shoulder blade known as the\\nacromion. The result is a condition known as subacromial bursitis. Bursitis\\noften occurs in association with rotator cuff tendinitis. The many tissues in\\nthe shoulder can become inflamed and painful. Many daily activities, such as\\ncombing your hair or getting dressed, may become difficult.\\n\\n#### Tendinitis\\n\\nA tendon is a cord that connects muscle to bone. Most tendinitis is a result\\nof a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time, much like the\\nwearing process on the sole of a shoe that eventually splits from overuse.\\n\\nGenerally, tendinitis is one of two types:\\n\\n * Acute. Excessive ball throwing or other overhead activities during work or sport can lead to acute tendinitis.\\n * Chronic. Degenerative diseases like arthritis or repetitive wear and tear due to age, can lead to chronic tendinitis.\\n\\nThe most commonly affected tendons in the shoulder are the four rotator cuff\\ntendons and one of the biceps tendons. The rotator cuff is made up of four\\nsmall muscles and their tendons that cover the head of your upper arm bone and\\nkeep it in the shoulder socket. Your rotator cuff helps provide shoulder\\nmotion and stability.\\n\\n#### Tendon Tears\\n\\nSplitting and tearing of tendons may result from acute injury or degenerative\\nchanges in the tendons due to advancing age, long-term overuse and wear and\\ntear, or a sudden injury. These tears may be partial or may completely split\\nthe tendon into two pieces. In most cases of complete tears, the tendon is\\npulled away from its attachment to the bone. Rotator cuff and biceps tendon\\ninjuries are among the most common of these injuries.\\n\\n#### Impingement\\n\\nShoulder impingement occurs when the top of the shoulder blade (acromion) puts\\npressure on the underlying soft tissues when the arm is lifted away from the\\nbody. As the arm is lifted, the acromion rubs, or \\\"impinges\\\" on, the rotator\\ncuff tendons and bursa. This can lead to bursitis and tendinitis, causing pain\\nand limiting movement. Over time, severe impingement can even lead to a\\nrotator cuff tear.\\n\\n#### Instability\\n\\nShoulder instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out\\nof the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of a sudden injury or from\\noveruse.\\n\\nShoulder dislocations can be partial, with the ball of the upper arm coming\\njust partially out of the socket. This is called a subluxation. A complete\\ndislocation means the ball comes all the way out of the socket.\\n\\nOnce the ligaments, tendons, and muscles around the shoulder become loose or\\ntorn, dislocations can occur repeatedly. Recurring dislocations, which may be\\npartial or complete, cause pain and unsteadiness when you raise your arm or\\nmove it away from your body. Repeated episodes of subluxations or dislocations\\nlead to an increased risk of developing arthritis in the joint.\\n\\n#### Arthritis\\n\\nShoulder pain can also result from arthritis. There are many types of\\narthritis. The most common type of arthritis in the shoulder is\\nosteoarthritis, also known as \\\"wear and tear\\\" arthritis. Symptoms, such as\\nswelling, pain, and stiffness, typically begin during middle age.\\nOsteoarthritis develops slowly and the pain it causes worsens over time.\\n\\nOsteoarthritis, may be related to sports or work injuries and chronic wear and\\ntear. Other types of arthritis can be related to rotator cuff tears,\\ninfection, or an inflammation of the joint lining.\\n\\nOften people will avoid shoulder movements in an attempt to lessen arthritis\\npain. This sometimes leads to a tightening or stiffening of the soft tissue\\nparts of the joint, resulting in a painful restriction of motion.\\n\\n#### Fracture\\n\\nFractures are broken bones. Shoulder fractures commonly involve the clavicle\\n(collarbone), humerus (upper arm bone), and scapula (shoulder blade).\\n\\nShoulder fractures in older patients are often the result of a fall from\\nstanding height. In younger patients, shoulder fractures are often caused by a\\nhigh energy injury, such as a motor vehicle accident or contact sports injury.\\n\\nFractures often cause severe pain, swelling, and bruising about the shoulder.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nDoctor's Examination\\n\\nIn the case of an acute injury causing intense pain, seek medical care as soon\\nas possible. If the pain is less severe, it may be safe to rest a few days to\\nsee if time will resolve the problem. If symptoms persist, see a doctor.\\n\\nYour doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation in order to determine the cause\\nof your shoulder pain and provide you with treatment options.\\n\\n#### Medical History\\n\\nThe first step in the evaluation is a thorough medical history. Your doctor\\nmay ask how and when the pain started, whether it has occurred before and how\\nit was treated, and other questions to help determine both your general health\\nand the possible causes of your shoulder problem. Because most shoulder\\nconditions are aggravated by specific activities, and relieved by specific\\nactivities, a medical history can be a valuable tool in finding the source of\\nyour pain.\\n\\n#### Physical Examination\\n\\nA comprehensive examination will be required to find the causes of your\\nshoulder pain. Your doctor will look for physical abnormalities, swelling,\\ndeformity or muscle weakness, and check for tender areas. He or she will\\nobserve your shoulder range of motion and strength.\\n\\n#### Tests\\n\\nYour doctor may order specific tests to help identify the cause of your pain\\nand any other problems.\\n\\nX-rays. These pictures will show any injuries to the bones that make up your\\nshoulder joint.\\n\\nMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Thes imaging studies create\\nbetter pictures of soft tissues. It may help your doctor identify injuries to\\nthe ligaments and tendons surrounding your shoulder joint.\\n\\nComputed tomography (CT) scan. This tool combines x-rays with computer\\ntechnology to produce a very detailed view of the bones in the shoulder area.\\n\\nElectrical studies. Your doctor may order a tests, such as the EMG\\n(electromyogram), to evaluate nerve function.\\n\\nArthrogram. During this x-ray study, dye is injected into the shoulder to\\nbetter show the joint and its surrounding muscles and tendons.\\n\\nArthroscopy. In this surgical procedure, your doctor looks inside the joint\\nwith a fiber-optic camera. Arthroscopy may show soft tissue injuries that are\\nnot apparent from the physical examination, x-rays, and other tests. In\\naddition to helping find the cause of pain, arthroscopy may be used to correct\\nthe problem.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nTreatment\\n\\n#### Activity Changes\\n\\nTreatment generally involves rest, altering your activities, and physical\\ntherapy to help you improve shoulder strength and flexibility. Common sense\\nsolutions such as avoiding overexertion or overdoing activities in which you\\nnormally do not participate can help to prevent shoulder pain.\\n\\n#### Medications\\n\\nYour doctor may prescribe medication to reduce inflammation and pain. If\\nmedication is prescribed to relieve pain, it should be taken only as directed.\\nYour doctor may also recommend injections of numbing medicines or steroids to\\nrelieve pain.\\n\\n#### Surgery\\n\\nSurgery may be required to resolve some shoulder problems; however, 90 percent\\nof patients with shoulder pain will respond to simple treatment methods such\\nas altering activities, rest, exercise, and medication.\\n\\nCertain types of shoulder problems, such as recurring dislocations and some\\nrotator cuff tears, may not benefit from exercise. In these cases, surgery may\\nbe recommended fairly early.\\n\\nSurgery can involve arthroscopy to remove scar tissue or repair torn tissues,\\nor traditional, open procedures for larger reconstructions or shoulder\\nreplacement.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nLast reviewed: December 2010\\n\\nContributed and/or Updated by: Benjamin Widmer, MD\\n\\nPeer-Reviewed by: George S. Athwal, MD; Stuart J. Fischer, MD; J. Michael\\nWiater, MD\\n\\nContributor Disclosure Information\\n\\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\"\\nprogram on this website.\\n\\nCopyright 2010 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nRelated Articles\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00064)\\n\\nArthritis of the Shoulder\\n\\nArthritis of the Shoulder (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00222)\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\\n\\nChronic Shoulder Instability\\n\\nChronic Shoulder Instability\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00529)\\n\\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\\n\\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00031)\\n\\nArthroscopy\\n\\nArthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00109)\\n\\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\\n\\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00394)\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\\n\\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\\n\\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00704)\\n\\nRelated Resources\\n\\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\\n\\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\\n(/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\\n\\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nPrint Article\\n\\nRelated Articles\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00064)\\n\\nArthritis of the Shoulder\\n\\nArthritis of the Shoulder (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00222)\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\\n\\nChronic Shoulder Instability\\n\\nChronic Shoulder Instability\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00529)\\n\\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\\n\\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00031)\\n\\nArthroscopy\\n\\nArthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00109)\\n\\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\\n\\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00394)\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\\n\\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\\n\\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00704)\\n\\nRelated Resources\\n\\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\\n\\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\\n(/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\\n\\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210526083940/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Stretching: Focus on flexibility\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Stretching: Focus on flexibility - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://mghsportsmedicine.org/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20141217124548/http://mghsportsmedicine.org/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.saltworks.us:80/salt_info/epsom-uses-benefits.asp\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160211195356/http://www.saltworks.us:80/salt_info/epsom-uses-benefits.asp\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Epsom salt, named for a bitter saline spring at Epsom in Surrey, England, is not actually salt but a naturally occurring pure mineral compound of magnesium and sulfate. Long known as a natural remedy for a number of ailments, Epsom salt has numerous health benefits as well as many beauty, household and gardening-related uses.\",\n \"Studies have shown that magnesium and sulfate are both readily absorbed through the skin, making Epsom salt baths an easy and ideal way to enjoy the amazing health benefits (*1). Magnesium plays a number of roles in the body including regulating the activity of over 325 enzymes, reducing inflammation, helping muscle and nerve function and helping to prevent artery hardening. Sulfates help improve the absorption of nutrients, flush toxins and help ease migraine headaches.\",\n \"The wonders of Epsom salt have been well known for hundreds of years and unlike other salts, Epsom salt has beneficial properties that can soothe the body, mind and soul. Some of the countless health benefits include relaxing the nervous system, curing skin problems, soothing back pain and aching limbs, easing muscle strain, healing cuts, treating cold and congestion, and drawing toxins from the body. One of the simplest ways to ease stress and stress- related problems is to soak in a tub full of hot water with a few cups of Ultra Epsom® Salt. Some of the magical benefits of Epsom salt include:\",\n \"Stress drains the body of magnesium and increases levels of adrenaline. When dissolved in warm water, Epsom salt is absorbed through the skin and replenishes the level of magnesium in the body. The magnesium helps to produce serotonin, a mood-elevating chemical within the brain that creates a feeling of calm and relaxation. Research shows that magnesium also increases energy and stamina by encouraging the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy packets made in the cells. Experts believe that bathing with Epsom salt at least three times a week helps you to look better, feel better and gain more energy. Magnesium ions also relax and reduce irritability by lowering the effects of adrenaline. They create a relaxed feeling, improve sleep and concentration, and help muscles and nerves to function properly.\",\n \"An Epsom salt bath is known to ease pain and relieve inflammation, making it beneficial in the treatment of sore muscles, bronchial asthma and migraine headaches. In addition, it has been known to heal cuts and reduce soreness from childbirth. Mix a thick paste of Epsom salt with hot water and apply to get soothing comfort. Try soaking your aching, tired (and smelly) feet in a tub of water with half a cup of our Ultra Epsom Salt. Epsom salt softens skin and will even neutralize foot odor.\",\n \"Numerous studies have revealed that Epsom salt can be used to treat constipation. Taken internally, Epson salt acts as a detoxifying agent for colon cleansing. The salt acts like a laxative by increasing water in the intestines and can bring about temporary relief from constipation. However, it is strictly warned that Epsom salts should not be used to relieve constipation without the consultation of a physician.\",\n \"The sulfates in Epsom salt help flush toxins and heavy metals from the cells, easing muscle pain and helping the body to eliminate harmful substances. Your skin is a highly porous membrane and adding the right minerals to your bathwater triggers a process called reverse osmosis, which actually pulls salt out of your body, and harmful toxins along with it. For a detoxifying bath, at least once weekly add two cups of our Ultra Epsom Salt to the water in a bathtub and soak for 10 minutes.\",\n \"Whether you like a relaxing soak or wish to enhance your beauty effortlessly, making Epsom salt a part of your daily routine can add a whole lot of goodness to your way of life. To experience the numerous health benefits of Epsom salt, take relaxing, stress-relieving Epsom salt baths three times weekly by adding 2 cups Ultra Epsom Salt to a warm bath and soaking for at least 12 minutes. For the added benefit of moisturizing your skin, add 1/2 cup olive oil or baby oil. Do not use soap as it will interfere with the action of the salts. Try to rest for about two hours afterwards. If you have arthritic joints move them as much as possible after an Epsom salt bath to prevent congestion in the joints.\",\n \"As a foot bath, pamper weary feet by adding 1/2 cup of Epsom salt to a basin of warm water. Relax and soak feet for 20 minutes. If you like, rub away any calluses using a pumice stone. Dry feet, then add two drops of peppermint essential oil to your favorite natural moisturizer, like shea or coconut butter, and rub in thoroughly to lock in the moisture. If you are pregnant or have any health concerns, check with your doctor before using Epsom salts.\",\n \"Treat toenail fungus - Soak your affected toes in hot water mixed with a handful of Epsom salt three times a day.\",\n \"Soothe sprains and bruises - Add 2 cups Epsom salt to a warm bath and soak to reduce the pain and swelling of sprains and bruises.\",\n \"Ease discomfort of Gout - Ease the discomfort of gout and reduce inflammation by adding 2-3 teaspoons of Epsom salts into a basin and immersing the affected foot/joint. The water should be as hot as it is comfortable. Soak for about 30 minutes.\",\n \"Exfoliate dead skin - In the shower or bath, mix a handful of Epsom salt with a tablespoon of bath or olive oil and rub all over your wet skin to exfoliate and soften. Rinse thoroughly.\",\n \"Exfoliating face cleanser - To clean your face and exfoliate skin at the same time, mix a half-teaspoon of Epsom salt with your regular cleansing cream. Gently massage into skin and rinse with cold water.\",\n \"Dislodge blackheads - Add a teaspoon of Epsom salt and 3 drops iodine into a half cup of boiling water. Apply this mixture to the blackheads with a cotton ball.\",\n \"Remove foot odor - Mix a half cup of Epsom salt in warm water and soak your feet for 10 minutes to remove bad odor, sooth achy feet, and soften rough skin.\",\n \"Remove hairspray - Combine 1 gallon of water, 1 cup of lemon juice, and 1 cup Epsom salt. Cover the mixture and let set for 24 hours. The next day, pour the mixture into your dry hair and leave on for 20 minutes before shampooing as normal.\",\n \"Hair volumizer - Combine equal parts deep conditioner and Epsom salt and warm in a pan. Work the warm mixture through your hair and leave on for 20 minutes. Rinse thoroughly.\",\n \"Clean bathroom tiles - Mix equal parts Epsom salt and liquid dish detergent and use as a scrub on bathroom tile.\",\n \"As a hand wash - Mix Epsom salt with baby oil and keep by the sink for an effective hand wash.\",\n \"Clean detergent build-up on washing machines - Fill the machine tub with hot water, add Epsom salt, and run an agitate/soak/agitate cycle to dissolve detergent build-up (please consult your machine's instruction manual for specific instructions).\",\n \"Fertilize your houseplants - Most plants need nutrients like magnesium and sulfur to stay in good health and Epsom salt makes the primary nutrients in most plant foods (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) more effective. Sprinkle Epsom salt once weekly to help nourish your houseplants, flowers and vegetables.\",\n \"Keep your lawn green - Magnesium sulfate crystals, when added to the soil, provide vital nutrients that help prevent yellowing leaves and the loss of green color (magnesium is an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule) in plants. Add 2 tablespoons of Epsom salt to a gallon of water and sprinkle on your lawn to keep the grass healthy and green.\",\n \"Insecticide spray - Use Epson salts on your lawn and in your garden to safely and naturally get rid of plant pests.\",\n \"(1.) \\\"Report on Absorption of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) across the skin\\\", Dr RH Waring, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham. B15 2TT, U.K.\",\n \"At SaltWorks we are constantly striving to improve and update our content. Do you have comments or additions that you think should be included here? Please let us know! We welcome your suggestions.\",\n \"If you found our content useful, please help support it by adding a link to us from your website. Simply cut and paste this HTML code directly into your page to add a text link back to this page:\",\n \"We have many different varieties of sea salt available in our online store — from gourmet salts to theraputic bath salts. Try some today!\",\n \"The statements and products shown on this website have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.\",\n \"Our mission is to offer the most comprehensive selection of premium specialty salts, with an emphasis on superior quality, exceptional value, and outstanding customer service. We strongly believe that customer satisfaction is crucial to our company’s success—and so we make every effort to assist our customers in all possible ways. We continually strive to be an industry leader in innovation; to be consistently open to new ideas and new ways of approaching business, while keeping in mind the founding values upon which we are built. We believe in being an honest, fair company, and make every effort to demonstrate this in our actions—from choosing ethically responsible suppliers to educating our customers about any and every aspect of our product lines. We are America's Sea Salt Company®©2001 - 2016 SaltWorks®, All Rights Reserved\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits | SaltWorks\\n\\n| | |\\n\\nJoin our email list \\n \\n--- \\n \\nRetail Gourmet\\n\\nBulk Gourmet\\n\\nRetail Bath & Spa\\n\\nBulk Bath & Spa\\n\\nGift Guide\\n\\n| Share\\n\\n# Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits\\n\\n## What is Epsom salt?\\n\\nEpsom salt, named for a bitter saline spring at Epsom in Surrey, England, is\\nnot actually salt but a naturally occurring pure mineral compound of magnesium\\nand sulfate. Long known as a natural remedy for a number of ailments, Epsom\\nsalt has numerous health benefits as well as many beauty, household and\\ngardening-related uses.\\n\\nStudies have shown that magnesium and sulfate are both readily absorbed\\nthrough the skin, making Epsom salt baths an easy and ideal way to enjoy the\\namazing health benefits (*1). Magnesium plays a number of roles in the body\\nincluding regulating the activity of over 325 enzymes, reducing inflammation,\\nhelping muscle and nerve function and helping to prevent artery hardening.\\nSulfates help improve the absorption of nutrients, flush toxins and help ease\\nmigraine headaches.\\n\\n## What are the health benefits of using Epsom salt?\\n\\n|\\n\\nUltra Epsom® Salt by SaltWorks, the most trusted brand of high quality,\\npharmaceutical grade Epsom salt available.\\n\\nJust $6.50 for 5 lbs. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nThe wonders of Epsom salt have been well known for hundreds of years and\\nunlike other salts, Epsom salt has beneficial properties that can soothe the\\nbody, mind and soul. Some of the countless health benefits include relaxing\\nthe nervous system, curing skin problems, soothing back pain and aching limbs,\\neasing muscle strain, healing cuts, treating cold and congestion, and drawing\\ntoxins from the body. One of the simplest ways to ease stress and stress-\\nrelated problems is to soak in a tub full of hot water with a few cups of\\nUltra Epsom® Salt. Some of the magical benefits of Epsom salt include:\\n\\n#### Eases stress and relaxes the body\\n\\nStress drains the body of magnesium and increases levels of adrenaline. When\\ndissolved in warm water, Epsom salt is absorbed through the skin and\\nreplenishes the level of magnesium in the body. The magnesium helps to produce\\nserotonin, a mood-elevating chemical within the brain that creates a feeling\\nof calm and relaxation. Research shows that magnesium also increases energy\\nand stamina by encouraging the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the\\nenergy packets made in the cells. Experts believe that bathing with Epsom salt\\nat least three times a week helps you to look better, feel better and gain\\nmore energy. Magnesium ions also relax and reduce irritability by lowering the\\neffects of adrenaline. They create a relaxed feeling, improve sleep and\\nconcentration, and help muscles and nerves to function properly.\\n\\n#### Relieves pain and muscle cramps\\n\\nAn Epsom salt bath is known to ease pain and relieve inflammation, making it\\nbeneficial in the treatment of sore muscles, bronchial asthma and migraine\\nheadaches. In addition, it has been known to heal cuts and reduce soreness\\nfrom childbirth. Mix a thick paste of Epsom salt with hot water and apply to\\nget soothing comfort. Try soaking your aching, tired (and smelly) feet in a\\ntub of water with half a cup of our Ultra Epsom Salt. Epsom salt softens skin\\nand will even neutralize foot odor.\\n\\n#### Relieves constipation\\n\\nNumerous studies have revealed that Epsom salt can be used to treat\\nconstipation. Taken internally, Epson salt acts as a detoxifying agent for\\ncolon cleansing. The salt acts like a laxative by increasing water in the\\nintestines and can bring about temporary relief from constipation. However, it\\nis strictly warned that Epsom salts should not be used to relieve constipation\\nwithout the consultation of a physician.\\n\\n#### Eliminates toxins from the body\\n\\nThe sulfates in Epsom salt help flush toxins and heavy metals from the cells,\\neasing muscle pain and helping the body to eliminate harmful substances. Your\\nskin is a highly porous membrane and adding the right minerals to your\\nbathwater triggers a process called reverse osmosis, which actually pulls salt\\nout of your body, and harmful toxins along with it. For a detoxifying bath, at\\nleast once weekly add two cups of our Ultra Epsom Salt to the water in a\\nbathtub and soak for 10 minutes.\\n\\n## What are some uses of Epsom salt?\\n\\nWhether you like a relaxing soak or wish to enhance your beauty effortlessly,\\nmaking Epsom salt a part of your daily routine can add a whole lot of goodness\\nto your way of life. To experience the numerous health benefits of Epsom salt,\\ntake relaxing, stress-relieving Epsom salt baths three times weekly by adding\\n2 cups Ultra Epsom Salt to a warm bath and soaking for at least 12 minutes.\\nFor the added benefit of moisturizing your skin, add 1/2 cup olive oil or baby\\noil. Do not use soap as it will interfere with the action of the salts. Try to\\nrest for about two hours afterwards. If you have arthritic joints move them as\\nmuch as possible after an Epsom salt bath to prevent congestion in the joints.\\n\\nAs a foot bath, pamper weary feet by adding 1/2 cup of Epsom salt to a basin\\nof warm water. Relax and soak feet for 20 minutes. If you like, rub away any\\ncalluses using a pumice stone. Dry feet, then add two drops of peppermint\\nessential oil to your favorite natural moisturizer, like shea or coconut\\nbutter, and rub in thoroughly to lock in the moisture. If you are pregnant or\\nhave any health concerns, check with your doctor before using Epsom salts.\\n\\n### Epsom salt uses: HEALTH\\n\\nAthlete’s Foot - Soak feet in an Epsom salt bath to help relieve the symptoms\\nof Athlete’s Foot.\\n\\nRemove splinters - Soak affected skin area in an Epsom salt bath to draw out\\nthe splinter.\\n\\nTreat toenail fungus - Soak your affected toes in hot water mixed with a\\nhandful of Epsom salt three times a day.\\n\\nSoothe sprains and bruises - Add 2 cups Epsom salt to a warm bath and soak to\\nreduce the pain and swelling of sprains and bruises.\\n\\nEase discomfort of Gout - Ease the discomfort of gout and reduce inflammation\\nby adding 2-3 teaspoons of Epsom salts into a basin and immersing the affected\\nfoot/joint. The water should be as hot as it is comfortable. Soak for about 30\\nminutes.\\n\\n### Epsom salt uses: BEAUTY\\n\\nExfoliate dead skin - In the shower or bath, mix a handful of Epsom salt with\\na tablespoon of bath or olive oil and rub all over your wet skin to exfoliate\\nand soften. Rinse thoroughly.\\n\\nExfoliating face cleanser - To clean your face and exfoliate skin at the same\\ntime, mix a half-teaspoon of Epsom salt with your regular cleansing cream.\\nGently massage into skin and rinse with cold water.\\n\\nDislodge blackheads - Add a teaspoon of Epsom salt and 3 drops iodine into a\\nhalf cup of boiling water. Apply this mixture to the blackheads with a cotton\\nball.\\n\\nRemove foot odor - Mix a half cup of Epsom salt in warm water and soak your\\nfeet for 10 minutes to remove bad odor, sooth achy feet, and soften rough\\nskin.\\n\\nRemove hairspray - Combine 1 gallon of water, 1 cup of lemon juice, and 1 cup\\nEpsom salt. Cover the mixture and let set for 24 hours. The next day, pour the\\nmixture into your dry hair and leave on for 20 minutes before shampooing as\\nnormal.\\n\\nHair volumizer - Combine equal parts deep conditioner and Epsom salt and warm\\nin a pan. Work the warm mixture through your hair and leave on for 20 minutes.\\nRinse thoroughly.\\n\\n### Epsom salt uses: HOUSEHOLD\\n\\nClean bathroom tiles - Mix equal parts Epsom salt and liquid dish detergent\\nand use as a scrub on bathroom tile.\\n\\nPrevent slugs - Sprinkle Epsom salt on or near interior entry points to\\nprevent slugs.\\n\\nAs a hand wash - Mix Epsom salt with baby oil and keep by the sink for an\\neffective hand wash.\\n\\nClean detergent build-up on washing machines - Fill the machine tub with hot\\nwater, add Epsom salt, and run an agitate/soak/agitate cycle to dissolve\\ndetergent build-up (please consult your machine's instruction manual for\\nspecific instructions).\\n\\n### Epsom salt uses: GARDENING\\n\\nFertilize your houseplants - Most plants need nutrients like magnesium and\\nsulfur to stay in good health and Epsom salt makes the primary nutrients in\\nmost plant foods (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) more effective. Sprinkle\\nEpsom salt once weekly to help nourish your houseplants, flowers and\\nvegetables.\\n\\nKeep your lawn green - Magnesium sulfate crystals, when added to the soil,\\nprovide vital nutrients that help prevent yellowing leaves and the loss of\\ngreen color (magnesium is an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule) in\\nplants. Add 2 tablespoons of Epsom salt to a gallon of water and sprinkle on\\nyour lawn to keep the grass healthy and green.\\n\\nInsecticide spray - Use Epson salts on your lawn and in your garden to safely\\nand naturally get rid of plant pests.\\n\\nRead on for more information on gardening with Epsom salt.\\n\\n(1.) \\\"Report on Absorption of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) across the\\nskin\\\", Dr RH Waring, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham. B15 2TT,\\nU.K.\\n\\nAt SaltWorks we are constantly striving to improve and update our content. Do\\nyou have comments or additions that you think should be included here? Please\\nlet us know! We welcome your suggestions.\\n\\nSend us an email: info@seasalt.com \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIf you found our content useful, please help support it by adding a link to us\\nfrom your website. Simply cut and paste this HTML code directly into your page\\nto add a text link back to this page: \\n \\nWe have many different varieties of sea salt available in our online store —\\nfrom gourmet salts to theraputic bath salts. Try some today!\\n\\nShop:\\n\\n * Gourmet Sea Salts – Retail\\n * Gourmet Sea Salts – Bulk\\n * Bath & Spa Sea Salts – Retail\\n * Bath & Spa Sea Salts – Bulk\\n\\n|\\n\\nRelated Products:\\n\\n| Ultra Epsom® Bath Salt| Bokek® Premium Dead Sea Bath Salt \\n---|--- \\n \\n## General Salt Information:\\n\\n|\\n\\nWhat is Salt? \\n \\n--- \\n \\nHistory of Salt \\n \\nSalt Uses & Tips \\n \\nGardening with Epsom Salt \\n \\nOptically Clean® Technology \\n \\n## Health Related:\\n\\nSalt and Good Health \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSalt and Human Health \\n \\nSalt for Human Nutrition \\n \\nBalneotherapy (Bath Treatment) \\n \\n## Cooking / Culinary Related:\\n\\nGourmet Sea Salt Guide \\n \\n--- \\n \\nHow to Use Flavored Salt \\n \\nHow to Use Smoked Salt \\n \\nKosher Salt Guide \\n \\nHimalayan Salt \\n \\nWhat is Organic Salt? \\n \\nSalt in Food \\n \\n## Bath and Spa Related:\\n\\nBath Salt Guide \\n \\n--- \\n \\nDead Sea Salt Bathing \\n \\nEpsom Salt Uses & Benefits \\n \\nBath & Salt Water Therapy \\n \\nMaking Bath Salts \\n \\nBenefits of Bokek® Dead Sea Salt \\n \\n## Dead Sea Salt Related:\\n\\nAbout the Dead Sea \\n \\n--- \\n \\nBenefits of Dead Sea Salt \\n \\nDead Sea Salt Research \\n \\nShop with Confidence at SaltWorks: \\n \\n--- \\n|\\n\\nGet Social with SaltWorks: \\n \\n--- \\n \\n* The statements and products shown on this website have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. \\n \\nOur mission is to offer the most comprehensive selection of premium specialty\\nsalts, with an emphasis on superior quality, exceptional value, and\\noutstanding customer service. We strongly believe that customer satisfaction\\nis crucial to our company’s success—and so we make every effort to assist our\\ncustomers in all possible ways. We continually strive to be an industry leader\\nin innovation; to be consistently open to new ideas and new ways of\\napproaching business, while keeping in mind the founding values upon which we\\nare built. We believe in being an honest, fair company, and make every effort\\nto demonstrate this in our actions—from choosing ethically responsible\\nsuppliers to educating our customers about any and every aspect of our product\\nlines. We are America's Sea Salt Company®©2001 - 2016 SaltWorks®, All Rights\\nReserved\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180804001859/http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What is physiotherapy?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Disruption to CSP website from 8 am Wed 1 to 9 am Mon 6 Aug - access will be restricted to 'read-only' in this period while we prepare to launch our new site. As a result you will not be able to access member-only content, including the portfolio, e-learning and discovery services or add content or update your details. We apologise for the inconvenience this may cause.\",\n \"For urgent access to member-only content or to update your details, please contact our Enquiries Team on 020 7306 6666.\",\n \"The profession helps to encourage development and facilitate recovery, enabling people to stay in work while helping them to remain independent for as long as possible.\",\n \"Physiotherapy is a science-based profession and takes a ‘whole person’ approach to health and wellbeing, which includes the patient’s general lifestyle.\",\n \"At the core is the patient’s involvement in their own care, through education, awareness, empowerment and participation in their treatment.\",\n \"You can benefit from physiotherapy at any time in your life. Physiotherapy helps with back pain or sudden injury, managing long-term medical condition such as asthma, and in preparing for childbirth or a sporting event.\",\n \"Physiotherapy is a degree-based healthcare profession. Physios use their knowledge and skills to improve a range of conditions associated with different systems of the body, such as:\",\n \"Physiotherapists work in a variety of specialisms in health and social care. Additionally, some physiotherapists are involved in education, research and service management.\",\n \"The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP) is the professional, educational and trade union body for the UK's 57,000 chartered physiotherapists, physiotherapy students and support workers. Find out more about us.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What is physiotherapy? | The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\\n\\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\\n\\n * Log in\\n * CSP Home\\n * Networks\\n * Help\\n\\n * Professional and union\\n\\n * CSP publications\\n * Physiotherapy Works\\n * Library\\n * Professionalism\\n * Practice\\n * Careers and development\\n * Research\\n * Union support\\n\\n## Featured pages\\n\\nPLI and insurance\\n\\nSee revised guidance for CSP members on insurance\\n\\nPay and conditions\\n\\nCSP campaigns to secure better pay and conditions for members\\n\\nPhysiotherapy Journal\\n\\nJournal services including abstracts and archive\\n\\nProfessionalism\\n\\nDeliver high standards with these member resources\\n\\nWorkforce data model\\n\\nPhysiotherapy supply and demand\\n\\nJobs\\n\\nFind a job or advertise with Job Escalator\\n\\n * Membership\\n\\n * Join the CSP\\n * Update your details\\n * Membership rates\\n * Frequently asked questions\\n * Associates\\n * Students\\n * Newly-qualified\\n * Membership benefits\\n\\n## Featured pages\\n\\nJoin the CSP\\n\\nJoin as a full member, associate or student\\n\\nBenefits of CSP membership\\n\\nInsurance, news, resources, advice and support.\\n\\nCSP plus\\n\\nExclusive member-only discounts and offers\\n\\n * News & Events\\n\\n * News\\n * Frontline magazine\\n * Blogs\\n * Physiotherapy News email\\n * Events\\n * Social media\\n\\n## Featured pages\\n\\nARC 2018\\n\\nThe 2018 Annual Representative Conference will take place on 5-6 March in\\nManchester\\n\\nRead our latest blogs\\n\\nHear what our guests and experts have to say\\n\\n * iCSP\\n\\n * Popular content\\n * Latest content\\n\\n * Your health\\n\\n * Find a physio\\n * What is physiotherapy?\\n * Conditions\\n * Sports advice\\n * Exercise advice\\n * Keeping healthy at work\\n * Live long, live well\\n * Patient stories\\n * Information for carers\\n * Information for GPs and doctors\\n\\n## Featured pages\\n\\nPhysiotherapy Works\\n\\nThe evidence for physiotherapy and how it can help you\\n\\nPhysio2u\\n\\nFind a chartered physio with our directory of private practices\\n\\nDownload information leaflets\\n\\nAdvice and guidance on sports, exercise and workplace health\\n\\n * Press & Policy\\n\\n * Policy\\n * Press\\n\\n## Featured pages\\n\\nPress releases\\n\\nLatest news releases and statements for the media\\n\\n * Nations & Regions\\n\\nNations\\n\\n * England\\n * Northern Ireland\\n * Scotland\\n * Wales\\n\\nEnglish regions\\n\\n * East Midlands\\n * East of England\\n * London\\n * North East\\n * North West\\n\\n * South Central\\n * South East Coast\\n * South West\\n * West Midlands\\n * Yorkshire and the Humber\\n\\n * About us\\n\\n * Contact us\\n * Find us\\n * Advertise with us\\n * What we do\\n * Structure and governance\\n * Who we work with\\n * Working for us\\n * International\\n * CSP history\\n\\n## Featured pages\\n\\nCouncil\\n\\nCSP Council is the Society's elected governing body\\n\\nCSP strategy 2017-20\\n\\nFind out the priorities for the next three years\\n\\nUsing the CSP brand\\n\\nGuidance on using CSP badges and logos\\n\\nDisruption to CSP website from 8 am Wed 1 to 9 am Mon 6 Aug - access will be\\nrestricted to 'read-only' in this period while we prepare to launch our new\\nsite. As a result you will not be able to access member-only content,\\nincluding the portfolio, e-learning and discovery services or add content or\\nupdate your details. We apologise for the inconvenience this may cause.\\n\\nFor urgent access to member-only content or to update your details, please\\ncontact our Enquiries Team on 020 7306 6666.\\n\\nHome » Your health » What is physiotherapy?\\n\\n * Your health\\n\\n * Live long, live well\\n * Exercise advice\\n * Find a physio\\n * Love Activity, Hate Exercise? campaign\\n * Public information leaflets\\n * Conditions\\n * What is physiotherapy?\\n * Physiotherapy works\\n * Healthy at work\\n * Patient stories\\n * For GPs and doctors\\n * For carers\\n * Fitness for work\\n * Sports advice\\n\\n### Connect with us\\n\\n * Follow us on Twitter\\n * Find us on Facebook\\n * Find us on Vimeo\\n\\n### Basket\\n\\nView your shopping cart.\\n\\n# What is physiotherapy?\\n\\nPhysiotherapy helps restore movement and function when someone is affected by\\ninjury, illness or disability.\\n\\n### Find a physiotherapist\\n\\nHow do you get to see a physiotherapist? Find out about access options here.\\n\\nFind a qualified physiotherapist near you with our Physio2U directory\\n\\nPhysiotherapists help people affected by injury, illness or disability through\\nmovement and exercise, manual therapy, education and advice.\\n\\nThey maintain health for people of all ages, helping patients to manage pain\\nand prevent disease.\\n\\nThe profession helps to encourage development and facilitate recovery,\\nenabling people to stay in work while helping them to remain independent for\\nas long as possible.\\n\\n## What physiotherapists do\\n\\n### Read the evidence\\n\\nOur Physiotherapy Works briefings demonstrate the effectiveness of\\nphysiotherapy in treating a wide range of conditions\\n\\nPhysiotherapy is a science-based profession and takes a ‘whole person’\\napproach to health and wellbeing, which includes the patient’s general\\nlifestyle.\\n\\nAt the core is the patient’s involvement in their own care, through education,\\nawareness, empowerment and participation in their treatment.\\n\\nYou can benefit from physiotherapy at any time in your life. Physiotherapy\\nhelps with back pain or sudden injury, managing long-term medical condition\\nsuch as asthma, and in preparing for childbirth or a sporting event.\\n\\n## Why physiotherapy?\\n\\nPhysiotherapy is a degree-based healthcare profession. Physios use their\\nknowledge and skills to improve a range of conditions associated with\\ndifferent systems of the body, such as:\\n\\n * Neurological (stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's)\\n * Neuromusculoskeletal (back pain, whiplash associated disorder, sports injuries, arthritis)\\n * Cardiovascular (chronic heart disease, rehabilitation after heart attack)\\n * Respiratory (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis).\\n\\nPhysiotherapists work in a variety of specialisms in health and social care.\\nAdditionally, some physiotherapists are involved in education, research and\\nservice management.\\n\\n## Find out more\\n\\nCommon conditions and how physiotherapy can help\\n\\nWhat does \\\"chartered\\\" mean?\\n\\nA career in physiotherapy\\n\\nPhysio2U: find a qualified physiotherapist in your area\\n\\n## Links\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n## Last reviewed\\n\\n14 March 2018\\n\\n### User login\\n\\n### Featured content\\n\\n * Assessment of core stability\\n\\n * Recommended equipment for disability gym for clients with complex needs\\n\\n * Falls Presentation in Care Homes\\n\\n * Clinical Wisdom to Predict Extubation Outcomes In Critical Care\\n\\n * Hypermobility Pathway 0-17years\\n\\n### Site highlights\\n\\n * Careers\\n * Physiotherapy works\\n * Publications\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP) is the professional, educational\\nand trade union body for the UK's 57,000 chartered physiotherapists,\\nphysiotherapy students and support workers. Find out more about us.\\n\\nA Company Incorporated by Royal Charter (England/Wales). Company registration\\nnumber RC000107.\\n\\nRegistered office:\\n\\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\\n\\n14 Bedford Row\\n\\nLondon, WC1R 4ED.\\n\\n+44 (0)20 7306 6666\\n\\n. Email us\\n\\n * Contact the CSP\\n * Feedback\\n * Privacy\\n * Cookies\\n * Terms of service\\n * Terms of sale\\n * Advertise\\n * Follow us on Twitter\\n * RSS\\n\\n * © 2018 CSP\\n * Site by Torchbox\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127173149/https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"University of Rochester Medical Center\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Content - Health Encyclopedia - University of Rochester Medical Center\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article/1\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411131207/https://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article/1\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Shoulder Anatomy\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body with complete global movement allowing you to position the hand anywhere in space.\",\n \"To allow so much movement the joints need to be 'free' to move, therefore the shoulder should be 'unstable' compared to other joints of the body; However a series of complex ligaments and muscle keep it in joint.\",\n \"Because the shoulder is such a unique joint it is also prone to particular problems. In fact it would be more correct to call it the SHOULDER COMPLEX. This section will hopefully explain some of the terminology you might hear and relate this to disorders of the shoulder complex. Understanding how the different layers of the shoulder are built and connected can help you understand how the shoulder works and is affected by injury and overuse.\",\n \"The deepest layer includes the bones and the joints of the shoulder. The next layer is made up of the ligaments of the joints. The tendons and the muscles come next. The nerves supply all the above stuctures and make them work.\",\n \"The material on this website is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between ourselves and our patients. Full Disclaimer\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Shoulder Anatomy | ShoulderDoc\\n\\n * Home\\n * Patient Information\\n * Shoulder\\n * Shoulder Anatomy\\n * Shoulder Anatomy\\n\\n# Shoulder Anatomy\\n\\nThe shoulder is one of the most sophisticated and complicated joints of the\\nbody:\\n\\n * It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body with complete global movement allowing you to position the hand anywhere in space.\\n * The coordinated activity of numerous muscles working together in set patterns is required to produce this motion\\n * It is made up of FOUR joints and FIVE linked bone groups which are related and work together.\\n * To allow so much movement the joints need to be 'free' to move, therefore the shoulder should be 'unstable' compared to other joints of the body; However a series of complex ligaments and muscle keep it in joint.\\n\\nBecause the shoulder is such a unique joint it is also prone to particular\\nproblems. In fact it would be more correct to call it the SHOULDER COMPLEX.\\nThis section will hopefully explain some of the terminology you might hear and\\nrelate this to disorders of the shoulder complex. Understanding how the\\ndifferent layers of the shoulder are built and connected can help you\\nunderstand how the shoulder works and is affected by injury and overuse.\\n\\nThe deepest layer includes the bones and the joints of the shoulder. The next\\nlayer is made up of the ligaments of the joints. The tendons and the muscles\\ncome next. The nerves supply all the above stuctures and make them work.\\n\\n### Search ShoulderDoc.co.uk\\n\\n### Diagnose your shoulder\\n\\nThis is an interactive guide to help you find relevant patient information for\\nyour shoulder problem.\\n\\nClick here to begin\\n\\n### Find a Shoulder Professional\\n\\n\\\\+ Add Your Clinic Advanced Search\\n\\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\\ninformation: verify here.\\n\\nShoulderDoc.co.uk satisfies the INTUTE criteria for quality and has been\\nawarded 'editor's choice'.\\n\\nThe material on this website is designed to support, not replace, the\\nrelationship that exists between ourselves and our patients. Full Disclaimer\\n\\nShoulderDoc | Website last updated: 06/03/2021\\n\\nWebsite by: TheFresh Healthcare Marketing\\n\\nFollow @theshoulderdoc\\n\\nTweet to @theshoulderdoc\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916190511/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=A00066\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Shoulder Surgery -OrthoInfo\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Your shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body. It allows you to place and rotate your arm in many positions in front, above, to the side, and behind your body. This flexibility also makes your shoulder susceptible to instability and injury.\",\n \"Depending on the nature of the problem, nonsurgical methods of treatment often are recommended before surgery. However, in some instances, delaying the surgical repair of a shoulder can increase the likelihood that the problem will be more difficult to treat later. Early, correct diagnosis and treatment of shoulder problems can make a significant difference in the long run.\",\n \"The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. It is made up of three bones: the upper arm bone (humerus), shoulder blade (scapula) and collarbone (clavicle).\",\n \"The ball at the top end of the arm bone fits into the small socket (glenoid) of the shoulder blade to form the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint).\",\n \"A smooth, durable surface (articular cartilage) on the head of the arm bone, and a thin inner lining (synovium) of the joint allows the smooth motion of the shoulder joint.\",\n \"The upper part of the shoulder blade (acromion) projects over the shoulder joint. One end of the collarbone is joined with the shoulder blade by the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. The other end of the collarbone is joined with the breastbone (sternum) by the sternoclavicular joint.\",\n \"The joint capsule is a thin sheet of fibers that surrounds the shoulder joint. The capsule allows a wide range of motion, yet provides stability.\",\n \"The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that attach your upper arm to your shoulder blade. The rotator cuff covers the shoulder joint and joint capsule.\",\n \"The muscles attached to the rotator cuff enable you to lift your arm, reach overhead, and take part in activities such as throwing or swimming.\",\n \"A sac-like membrane (bursa) between the rotator cuff and the shoulder blade cushions and helps lubricate the motion between these two structures.\",\n \"Bursitis or tendinitis can occur with overuse from repetitive activities, such as swimming, painting, or weight lifting. These activities cause rubbing or squeezing (impingement) of the rotator cuff under the acromion and in the acromioclavicular joint. Initially, these problems are treated by modifying the activity which causes the symptoms of pain and with a rehabilitation program for the shoulder.\",\n \"Partial thickness rotator cuff tears can be associated with chronic inflammation and the development of spurs on the underside of the acromion or the acromioclavicular joint.\",\n \"The conservative nonsurgical treatment is modification of activity, light exercise, and, occasionally, a cortisone injection. Nonsurgical treatment is successful in a majority of cases. If it is not successful, surgery often is needed to remove the spurs on the underside of the acromion and to repair the rotator cuff.\",\n \"Full-thickness rotator cuff tears are most often the result of impingement, partial thickness rotator cuff tears, heavy lifting, or falls. Nonsurgical treatment with modification of activity is successful in a majority of cases.\",\n \"If pain continues, surgery may be needed to repair full- thickness rotator cuff tears. Arthroscopic techniques allow shaving of spurs, evaluation of the rotator cuff, and repair of some tears.\",\n \"Instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of sudden injury or from overuse of the shoulder ligaments.\",\n \"The two basic forms of shoulder instability are subluxations and dislocations. A subluxation is a partial or incomplete dislocation. If the shoulder is partially out of the shoulder socket, it eventually may dislocate. Even a minor injury may push the arm bone out of its socket. A dislocation is when the head of the arm bone slips out of the shoulder socket. Some patients have chronic instability. Shoulder dislocations may occur repeatedly.\",\n \"Patients with repeat dislocation usually require surgery. Open surgical repair may require a short stay in the hospital. Arthroscopic surgical repair is often done on an outpatient basis. Following either procedure, extensive rehabilitation, often including physical therapy, is necessary for healing.\",\n \"A fractured collarbone and acromioclavicular separation are common injuries of children and others who fall on the side of their shoulder when playing. Most of these injuries are treated nonsurgically with slings or splints. Severe displaced fractures or acromioclavicular joint separation may require surgical repair.\",\n \"A fractured head of the humerus is a common result of falls on an outstretched arm, particularly by older people with osteoporosis. If fragmented or displaced, it may require open surgical repair and possibly replacement with an artificial joint (prosthesis).\",\n \"Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can destroy the shoulder joint and surrounding tissue. They can also cause degeneration and tearing of the capsule or the rotator cuff. Osteoarthritis occurs when the articular surface of the joint wears thin. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronic inflammation of the synovium lining which can produce chemicals that eventually destroy the inner lining of the joint, including the articular surface.\",\n \"Shoulder replacement is recommended for patients with painful shoulders and limited motion. The treatment options are either replacement of the head of the bone or replacement of the entire socket. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you the best option.\",\n \"A medical history to gather information about current complaints; duration of symptoms, pain and limitations; injuries; and past treatment with medications or surgery.\",\n \"Diagnostic tests, such as X-rays taken with the shoulder in various positions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be helpful in assessing soft tissues in the shoulder. Computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to evaluate the bony parts of the shoulder.\",\n \"Your orthopaedic surgeon will review the results of your evaluation with you and discuss the best treatment. You and your doctor may agree that surgery is the best treatment option. He or she will explain the potential risks and complications that may occur. Your doctor may discuss donating your own blood to be used if needed during surgery.\",\n \"Some surgical procedures require hospitalization for a number of days. Your doctor may discuss planning for the period after surgery. You may need to either stay in an extended care facility or have someone help you when you return home.\",\n \"Arthroscopy allows the orthopaedic surgeon to insert a pencil-thin device with a small lens and lighting system into tiny incisions to look inside the joint. The images inside the joint are relayed to a TV monitor, allowing the doctor to make a diagnosis. Other surgical instruments can be inserted to make repairs, based on what is with the arthroscope. Arthroscopy often can be done on an outpatient basis. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, more than 1.4 million shoulder arthroscopies are performed worldwide each year.\",\n \"Open surgery may be necessary and, in some cases, may be associated with better results than arthroscopy. Open surgery often can be done through small incisions of just a few inches.\",\n \"Recovery and rehabilitation is related to the type of surgery performed inside the shoulder, rather than whether there was an arthroscopic or open surgical procedure.\",\n \"There are always some risks with any surgery, even arthroscopic procedures. These include possible infection, and damage to surrounding nerves and blood vessels. However, modern surgical techniques and close monitoring have significantly minimized the occurrence of these problems.\",\n \"After surgery, some pain, tenderness, and stiffness are normal. You should be alert for certain signs and symptoms that may suggest the development of complications.\",\n \"It is important that you continue a shoulder exercise program with daily stretching and strengthening. In general, patients who faithfully comply with the therapies and exercises prescribed by their orthopaedic surgeon and physical therapist will have the best medical outcome after surgery.\",\n \"Your orthopaedic surgeon is a medical doctor with extensive training in the diagnosis and nonsurgical and surgical treatment of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.\",\n \"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\" program on this website.\",\n \"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Shoulder Surgery -OrthoInfo - AAOS\\n\\nFind an Orthopaedist\\n\\nAAOS.org\\n\\nHome\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\nGlossary\\n\\nEspañol & Português\\n\\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\\n\\nFor Physicians\\n\\nParts of the Body\\n\\nShoulder & Elbow\\n\\nHand & Wrist\\n\\nHip & Thigh\\n\\nKnee & Lower Leg\\n\\nFoot & Ankle\\n\\nNeck & Back\\n\\nHealth Centers\\n\\nBroken Bones & Injuries\\n\\nDiseases & Conditions\\n\\nArthritis\\n\\nTumors\\n\\nSports Injuries & Prevention\\n\\nChildren\\n\\nBone Health\\n\\nHealth & Safety\\n\\nTreatment\\n\\nTreatments & Surgeries\\n\\nJoint Replacement\\n\\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\\n\\nYour Healthcare\\n\\nPatient Safety\\n\\nPatient Stories\\n\\nResources\\n\\nCopyright 2009 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nShoulder Surgery\\n\\nYour shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body. It allows you to place\\nand rotate your arm in many positions in front, above, to the side, and behind\\nyour body. This flexibility also makes your shoulder susceptible to\\ninstability and injury.\\n\\nDepending on the nature of the problem, nonsurgical methods of treatment often\\nare recommended before surgery. However, in some instances, delaying the\\nsurgical repair of a shoulder can increase the likelihood that the problem\\nwill be more difficult to treat later. Early, correct diagnosis and treatment\\nof shoulder problems can make a significant difference in the long run.\\n\\nHow the Normal Shoulder Works\\n\\nAnatomy of the shoulder joint.\\n\\nThe shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. It is made up of three bones: the\\nupper arm bone (humerus), shoulder blade (scapula) and collarbone (clavicle).\\n\\nThe ball at the top end of the arm bone fits into the small socket (glenoid)\\nof the shoulder blade to form the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint).\\n\\nThe socket of the glenoid is surrounded by a soft-tissue rim (labrum).\\n\\nA smooth, durable surface (articular cartilage) on the head of the arm bone,\\nand a thin inner lining (synovium) of the joint allows the smooth motion of\\nthe shoulder joint.\\n\\nThe upper part of the shoulder blade (acromion) projects over the shoulder\\njoint. One end of the collarbone is joined with the shoulder blade by the\\nacromioclavicular (AC) joint. The other end of the collarbone is joined with\\nthe breastbone (sternum) by the sternoclavicular joint.\\n\\nThe joint capsule is a thin sheet of fibers that surrounds the shoulder joint.\\nThe capsule allows a wide range of motion, yet provides stability.\\n\\nThe rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that attach your upper arm\\nto your shoulder blade. The rotator cuff covers the shoulder joint and joint\\ncapsule.\\n\\nThe muscles attached to the rotator cuff enable you to lift your arm, reach\\noverhead, and take part in activities such as throwing or swimming.\\n\\nA sac-like membrane (bursa) between the rotator cuff and the shoulder blade\\ncushions and helps lubricate the motion between these two structures.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nShoulder Problems and Treatments\\n\\n#### Bursitis or Tendinitis\\n\\nBursitis or tendinitis can occur with overuse from repetitive activities, such\\nas swimming, painting, or weight lifting. These activities cause rubbing or\\nsqueezing (impingement) of the rotator cuff under the acromion and in the\\nacromioclavicular joint. Initially, these problems are treated by modifying\\nthe activity which causes the symptoms of pain and with a rehabilitation\\nprogram for the shoulder.\\n\\n#### Impingement and Partial Rotator Cuff Tears\\n\\nImpingement and partial tear of the rotator cuff.\\n\\nPartial thickness rotator cuff tears can be associated with chronic\\ninflammation and the development of spurs on the underside of the acromion or\\nthe acromioclavicular joint.\\n\\nThe conservative nonsurgical treatment is modification of activity, light\\nexercise, and, occasionally, a cortisone injection. Nonsurgical treatment is\\nsuccessful in a majority of cases. If it is not successful, surgery often is\\nneeded to remove the spurs on the underside of the acromion and to repair the\\nrotator cuff.\\n\\n#### Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears\\n\\nFull-thickness tear of the rotator cuff.\\n\\nFull-thickness rotator cuff tears are most often the result of impingement,\\npartial thickness rotator cuff tears, heavy lifting, or falls. Nonsurgical\\ntreatment with modification of activity is successful in a majority of cases.\\n\\nIf pain continues, surgery may be needed to repair full- thickness rotator\\ncuff tears. Arthroscopic techniques allow shaving of spurs, evaluation of the\\nrotator cuff, and repair of some tears.\\n\\nBoth techniques require extensive rehabilitation to restore the function of\\nthe shoulder.\\n\\n#### Instability\\n\\nInstability of the shoulder.\\n\\nInstability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the\\nshoulder socket. This can happen as a result of sudden injury or from overuse\\nof the shoulder ligaments.\\n\\nThe two basic forms of shoulder instability are subluxations and dislocations.\\nA subluxation is a partial or incomplete dislocation. If the shoulder is\\npartially out of the shoulder socket, it eventually may dislocate. Even a\\nminor injury may push the arm bone out of its socket. A dislocation is when\\nthe head of the arm bone slips out of the shoulder socket. Some patients have\\nchronic instability. Shoulder dislocations may occur repeatedly.\\n\\nPatients with repeat dislocation usually require surgery. Open surgical repair\\nmay require a short stay in the hospital. Arthroscopic surgical repair is\\noften done on an outpatient basis. Following either procedure, extensive\\nrehabilitation, often including physical therapy, is necessary for healing.\\n\\n#### Fractured Collarbone and Acromioclavicular Joint Separation\\n\\nFractured collarbone.\\n\\nA fractured collarbone and acromioclavicular separation are common injuries of\\nchildren and others who fall on the side of their shoulder when playing. Most\\nof these injuries are treated nonsurgically with slings or splints. Severe\\ndisplaced fractures or acromioclavicular joint separation may require surgical\\nrepair.\\n\\n#### Fractured Head of the Humerus (Arm Bone), or Proximal Humerus Fracture\\n\\nFractured head of the humerus.\\n\\nA fractured head of the humerus is a common result of falls on an outstretched\\narm, particularly by older people with osteoporosis. If fragmented or\\ndisplaced, it may require open surgical repair and possibly replacement with\\nan artificial joint (prosthesis).\\n\\n#### Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis\\n\\nArthritis of the shoulder.\\n\\nOsteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can destroy the shoulder joint and\\nsurrounding tissue. They can also cause degeneration and tearing of the\\ncapsule or the rotator cuff. Osteoarthritis occurs when the articular surface\\nof the joint wears thin. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronic\\ninflammation of the synovium lining which can produce chemicals that\\neventually destroy the inner lining of the joint, including the articular\\nsurface.\\n\\nShoulder replacement.\\n\\nShoulder replacement is recommended for patients with painful shoulders and\\nlimited motion. The treatment options are either replacement of the head of\\nthe bone or replacement of the entire socket. Your orthopaedic surgeon will\\ndiscuss with you the best option.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nOrthopaedic Evaluation\\n\\nThe orthopaedic evaluation of your shoulder consists of three components:\\n\\n * A medical history to gather information about current complaints; duration of symptoms, pain and limitations; injuries; and past treatment with medications or surgery.\\n * A physical examination to assess swelling, tenderness, range of motion, strength or weakness, instability, and/or deformity of the shoulder.\\n * Diagnostic tests, such as X-rays taken with the shoulder in various positions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be helpful in assessing soft tissues in the shoulder. Computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to evaluate the bony parts of the shoulder.\\n\\nYour orthopaedic surgeon will review the results of your evaluation with you\\nand discuss the best treatment. You and your doctor may agree that surgery is\\nthe best treatment option. He or she will explain the potential risks and\\ncomplications that may occur. Your doctor may discuss donating your own blood\\nto be used if needed during surgery.\\n\\nSome surgical procedures require hospitalization for a number of days. Your\\ndoctor may discuss planning for the period after surgery. You may need to\\neither stay in an extended care facility or have someone help you when you\\nreturn home.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nPreparing for Surgery\\n\\n * No food or drink after midnight before surgery.\\n * Discuss with your doctor what to do about medications taken in the morning.\\n * An hour before surgery, you will be assessed in the preoperative area by a nurse anesthetist or anesthesiologist.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nTypes of Surgical Procedures\\n\\nYou may be given the option to have an arthroscopic procedure or an open\\nsurgical procedure.\\n\\n#### Arthroscopy\\n\\nArthroscopy allows the orthopaedic surgeon to insert a pencil-thin device with\\na small lens and lighting system into tiny incisions to look inside the joint.\\nThe images inside the joint are relayed to a TV monitor, allowing the doctor\\nto make a diagnosis. Other surgical instruments can be inserted to make\\nrepairs, based on what is with the arthroscope. Arthroscopy often can be done\\non an outpatient basis. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for\\nSports Medicine, more than 1.4 million shoulder arthroscopies are performed\\nworldwide each year.\\n\\n#### Open Surgery\\n\\nOpen surgery may be necessary and, in some cases, may be associated with\\nbetter results than arthroscopy. Open surgery often can be done through small\\nincisions of just a few inches.\\n\\nRecovery and rehabilitation is related to the type of surgery performed inside\\nthe shoulder, rather than whether there was an arthroscopic or open surgical\\nprocedure.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nPossible Complications After Surgery\\n\\nThere are always some risks with any surgery, even arthroscopic procedures.\\nThese include possible infection, and damage to surrounding nerves and blood\\nvessels. However, modern surgical techniques and close monitoring have\\nsignificantly minimized the occurrence of these problems.\\n\\nAfter surgery, some pain, tenderness, and stiffness are normal. You should be\\nalert for certain signs and symptoms that may suggest the development of\\ncomplications.\\n\\n * Fever after the second day following surgery\\n * Increasing pain or swelling\\n * Redness, warmth, or tenderness which may suggest a wound infection\\n * Unusual bleeding (some surgical wound drainage is normal and, in fact, desirable\\n * Numbness or tingling of the arm or hand\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nPrevention of Future Problems\\n\\nIt is important that you continue a shoulder exercise program with daily\\nstretching and strengthening. In general, patients who faithfully comply with\\nthe therapies and exercises prescribed by their orthopaedic surgeon and\\nphysical therapist will have the best medical outcome after surgery.\\n\\nYour orthopaedic surgeon is a medical doctor with extensive training in the\\ndiagnosis and nonsurgical and surgical treatment of the musculoskeletal\\nsystem, including bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nLast reviewed: August 2009\\n\\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\"\\nprogram on this website.\\n\\nCopyright 2009 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nRelated Links\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\\n\\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nPrint Article\\n\\nRelated Links\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\\n\\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171113000721/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00064\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Rotator Cuff Tears-OrthoInfo\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Information on rotator cuff tears is also available in Spanish: Desgarres del manguito de los rotadoresDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores (topic.cfm?topic=A00604).\",\n \"A rotator cuff tear is a common cause of pain and disability among adults. In 2013, almost 2 million people in the United States went to their doctors because of a rotator cuff problem.\",\n \"A torn rotator cuff will weaken your shoulder. This means that many daily activities, like combing your hair or getting dressed, may become painful and difficult to do.\",\n \"Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint: the ball, or head, of your upper arm bone fits into a shallow socket in your shoulder blade.\",\n \"Your arm is kept in your shoulder socket by your rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles that come together as tendons to form a covering around the head of the humerus. The rotator cuff attaches the humerus to the shoulder blade and helps to lift and rotate your arm.\",\n \"There is a lubricating sac called a bursa between the rotator cuff and the bone on top of your shoulder (acromion). The bursa allows the rotator cuff tendons to glide freely when you move your arm. When the rotator cuff tendons are injured or damaged, this bursa can also become inflamed and painful.\",\n \"When one or more of the rotator cuff tendons is torn, the tendon no longer fully attaches to the head of the humerus. Most tears occur in the supraspinatus tendon, but other parts of the rotator cuff may also be involved.\",\n \"In many cases, torn tendons begin by fraying. As the damage progresses, the tendon can completely tear, sometimes with lifting a heavy object.\",\n \"Partial tear. This type of tear is also called an incomplete tear. It damages the tendon, but does not completely sever it.\",\n \"Full-thickness tear. This type of tear is also called a complete tear. It separates all of the tendon from the bone. With a full-thickness tear, there is basically a hole in the tendon.\",\n \"(Left) An overhead view of the four tendons that form the rotator cuff and stabilize the joint. (Right) A full-thickness tear (blue arrow) in the supraspinatus tendon, the most common location for rotator cuff tears.\",\n \"Illustrations show the front view of (left) a normal rotator cuff, and (right) a full-thickness tear in the supraspinatus tendon.\",\n \"If you fall down on your outstretched arm or lift something too heavy with a jerking motion, you can tear your rotator cuff. This type of tear can occur with other shoulder injuries, such as a broken collarbone or dislocated shoulder.\",\n \"Most tears are the result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time. This degeneration naturally occurs as we age. Rotator cuff tears are more common in the dominant arm. If you have a degenerative tear in one shoulder, there is a greater likelihood of a rotator cuff tear in the opposite shoulder -- even if you have no pain in that shoulder.\",\n \"Repetitive stress. Repeating the same shoulder motions again and again can stress your rotator cuff muscles and tendons. Baseball, tennis, rowing, and weightlifting are examples of sports activities that can put you at risk for overuse tears. Many jobs and routine chores can cause overuse tears, as well.\",\n \"Lack of blood supply. As we get older, the blood supply in our rotator cuff tendons lessens. Without a good blood supply, the body's natural ability to repair tendon damage is impaired. This can ultimately lead to a tendon tear.\",\n \"Bone spurs. As we age, bone spurs (bone overgrowth) often develop on the underside of the acromion bone. When we lift our arms, the spurs rub on the rotator cuff tendon. This condition is called shoulder impingement, and over time will weaken the tendon and make it more likely to tear.\",\n \"Because most rotator cuff tears are largely caused by the normal wear and tear that goes along with aging, people over 40 are at greater risk.\",\n \"People who do repetitive lifting or overhead activities are also at risk for rotator cuff tears. Athletes are especially vulnerable to overuse tears, particularly tennis players and baseball pitchers. Painters, carpenters, and others who do overhead work also have a greater chance for tears.\",\n \"Although overuse tears caused by sports activity or overhead work also occur in younger people, most tears in young adults are caused by a traumatic injury, like a fall.\",\n \"Tears that happen suddenly, such as from a fall, usually cause intense pain. There may be a snapping sensation and immediate weakness in your upper arm.\",\n \"Tears that develop slowly due to overuse also cause pain and arm weakness. You may have pain in the shoulder when you lift your arm, or pain that moves down your arm. At first, the pain may be mild and only present when lifting your arm over your head, such as reaching into a cupboard. Over-the-counter medication, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, may relieve the pain at first.\",\n \"Over time, the pain may become more noticeable at rest, and no longer goes away with medications. You may have pain when you lie on the painful side at night. The pain and weakness in the shoulder may make routine activities such as combing your hair or reaching behind your back more difficult.\",\n \"It should be noted that some rotator cuff tears are not painful. These tears, however, may still result in arm weakness and other symptoms.\",\n \"After discussing your symptoms and medical history, your doctor will examine your shoulder. He or she will check to see whether it is tender in any area or whether there is a deformity. To measure the range of motion of your shoulder, your doctor will have you move your arm in several different directions. He or she will also test your arm strength.\",\n \"Reproduced with permission from JF Sarwark, ed: Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, ed 4. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.\",\n \"Your doctor will check for other problems with your shoulder joint. He or she may also examine your neck to make sure that the pain is not coming from a \\\"pinched nerve,\\\" and to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis.\",\n \"X-rays. The first imaging tests performed are usually x-rays. Because x-rays do not show the soft tissues of your shoulder like the rotator cuff, plain x-rays of a shoulder with rotator cuff pain are usually normal or may show a small bone spur.\",\n \"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound. These studies can better show soft tissues like the rotator cuff tendons. They can show the rotator cuff tear, as well as where the tear is located within the tendon and the size of the tear. An MRI can also give your doctor a better idea of how \\\"old\\\" or \\\"new\\\" a tear is because it can show the quality of the rotator cuff muscles.\",\n \"If you have a rotator cuff tear and you keep using it despite increasing pain, you may cause further damage. A rotator cuff tear can get larger over time.\",\n \"Chronic shoulder and arm pain are good reasons to see your doctor. Early treatment can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. It will also get you back to your normal routine that much quicker.\",\n \"The goal of any treatment is to reduce pain and restore function. There are several treatment options for a rotator cuff tear, and the best option is different for every person. In planning your treatment, your doctor will consider your age, activity level, general health, and the type of tear you have.\",\n \"There is no evidence of better results from surgery performed near the time of injury versus later on. For this reason, many doctors first recommend management of rotator cuff tears with physical therapy and other nonsurgical treatments.\",\n \"Rest. Your doctor may suggest rest and limiting overhead activities. He or she may also prescribe a sling to help protect your shoulder and keep it still.\",\n \"Strengthening exercises and physical therapy. Specific exercises will restore movement and strengthen your shoulder. Your exercise program will include stretches to improve flexibility and range of motion. Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder can relieve pain and prevent further injury.\",\n \"Steroid injection. If rest, medications, and physical therapy do not relieve your pain, an injection of a local anesthetic and a cortisone preparation may be helpful. Cortisone is a very effective anti-inflammatory medicine; however, it is not effective for all patients.\",\n \"Your doctor may recommend surgery if your pain does not improve with nonsurgical methods. Continued pain is the main indication for surgery. If you are very active and use your arms for overhead work or sports, your doctor may also suggest surgery.\",\n \"Surgery to repair a torn rotator cuff most often involves re-attaching the tendon to the head of humerus (upper arm bone). There are a few options for repairing rotator cuff tears. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you the best procedure to meet your individual health needs.\",\n \"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\" program on this website.\",\n \"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Rotator Cuff Tears-OrthoInfo - AAOS\\n\\nFind an Orthopaedist\\n\\nAAOS.org\\n\\nHome\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\nGlossary\\n\\nEspañol & Português\\n\\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\\n\\nFor Physicians\\n\\nParts of the Body\\n\\nShoulder & Elbow\\n\\nHand & Wrist\\n\\nHip & Thigh\\n\\nKnee & Lower Leg\\n\\nFoot & Ankle\\n\\nNeck & Back\\n\\nHealth Centers\\n\\nBroken Bones & Injuries\\n\\nDiseases & Conditions\\n\\nArthritis\\n\\nTumors\\n\\nSports Injuries & Prevention\\n\\nChildren\\n\\nBone Health\\n\\nHealth & Safety\\n\\nTreatment\\n\\nTreatments & Surgeries\\n\\nJoint Replacement\\n\\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\\n\\nYour Healthcare\\n\\nPatient Safety\\n\\nPatient Stories\\n\\nResources\\n\\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears\\n\\nInformation on rotator cuff tears is also available in Spanish: Desgarres del\\nmanguito de los rotadoresDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\\n(topic.cfm?topic=A00604).\\n\\nA rotator cuff tear is a common cause of pain and disability among adults. In\\n2013, almost 2 million people in the United States went to their doctors\\nbecause of a rotator cuff problem.\\n\\nA torn rotator cuff will weaken your shoulder. This means that many daily\\nactivities, like combing your hair or getting dressed, may become painful and\\ndifficult to do.\\n\\nAnatomy\\n\\nYour shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your\\nshoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The shoulder is a\\nball-and-socket joint: the ball, or head, of your upper arm bone fits into a\\nshallow socket in your shoulder blade.\\n\\nNormal anatomy of the shoulder.\\n\\nYour arm is kept in your shoulder socket by your rotator cuff. The rotator\\ncuff is a group of four muscles that come together as tendons to form a\\ncovering around the head of the humerus. The rotator cuff attaches the humerus\\nto the shoulder blade and helps to lift and rotate your arm.\\n\\nThere is a lubricating sac called a bursa between the rotator cuff and the\\nbone on top of your shoulder (acromion). The bursa allows the rotator cuff\\ntendons to glide freely when you move your arm. When the rotator cuff tendons\\nare injured or damaged, this bursa can also become inflamed and painful.\\n\\nThe rotator cuff tendons cover the head of the humerus, helping you to raise\\nand rotate your arm.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nDescription\\n\\nWhen one or more of the rotator cuff tendons is torn, the tendon no longer\\nfully attaches to the head of the humerus. Most tears occur in the\\nsupraspinatus tendon, but other parts of the rotator cuff may also be\\ninvolved.\\n\\nIn many cases, torn tendons begin by fraying. As the damage progresses, the\\ntendon can completely tear, sometimes with lifting a heavy object.\\n\\nIn most rotator cuff tears, the tendon is torn away from the bone.\\n\\nThere are different types of tears.\\n\\n * Partial tear. This type of tear is also called an incomplete tear. It damages the tendon, but does not completely sever it.\\n * Full-thickness tear. This type of tear is also called a complete tear. It separates all of the tendon from the bone. With a full-thickness tear, there is basically a hole in the tendon.\\n\\n(Left) An overhead view of the four tendons that form the rotator cuff and\\nstabilize the joint. (Right) A full-thickness tear (blue arrow) in the\\nsupraspinatus tendon, the most common location for rotator cuff tears.\\n\\nIllustrations show the front view of (left) a normal rotator cuff, and (right)\\na full-thickness tear in the supraspinatus tendon.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nCause\\n\\nThere are two main causes of rotator cuff tears: injury and degeneration.\\n\\n#### Acute Tear\\n\\nIf you fall down on your outstretched arm or lift something too heavy with a\\njerking motion, you can tear your rotator cuff. This type of tear can occur\\nwith other shoulder injuries, such as a broken collarbone or dislocated\\nshoulder.\\n\\n#### Degenerative Tear\\n\\nMost tears are the result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly\\nover time. This degeneration naturally occurs as we age. Rotator cuff tears\\nare more common in the dominant arm. If you have a degenerative tear in one\\nshoulder, there is a greater likelihood of a rotator cuff tear in the opposite\\nshoulder -- even if you have no pain in that shoulder.\\n\\nSeveral factors contribute to degenerative, or chronic, rotator cuff tears.\\n\\n * Repetitive stress. Repeating the same shoulder motions again and again can stress your rotator cuff muscles and tendons. Baseball, tennis, rowing, and weightlifting are examples of sports activities that can put you at risk for overuse tears. Many jobs and routine chores can cause overuse tears, as well.\\n * Lack of blood supply. As we get older, the blood supply in our rotator cuff tendons lessens. Without a good blood supply, the body's natural ability to repair tendon damage is impaired. This can ultimately lead to a tendon tear.\\n * Bone spurs. As we age, bone spurs (bone overgrowth) often develop on the underside of the acromion bone. When we lift our arms, the spurs rub on the rotator cuff tendon. This condition is called shoulder impingement, and over time will weaken the tendon and make it more likely to tear.\\n\\n#### Risk Factors\\n\\nBecause most rotator cuff tears are largely caused by the normal wear and tear\\nthat goes along with aging, people over 40 are at greater risk.\\n\\nPeople who do repetitive lifting or overhead activities are also at risk for\\nrotator cuff tears. Athletes are especially vulnerable to overuse tears,\\nparticularly tennis players and baseball pitchers. Painters, carpenters, and\\nothers who do overhead work also have a greater chance for tears.\\n\\nAlthough overuse tears caused by sports activity or overhead work also occur\\nin younger people, most tears in young adults are caused by a traumatic\\ninjury, like a fall.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nSymptoms\\n\\nThe most common symptoms of a rotator cuff tear include:\\n\\n * Pain at rest and at night, particularly if lying on the affected shoulder\\n * Pain when lifting and lowering your arm or with specific movements\\n * Weakness when lifting or rotating your arm\\n * Crepitus or crackling sensation when moving your shoulder in certain positions\\n\\nA rotator cuff injury can make it painful to lift your arm.\\n\\nTears that happen suddenly, such as from a fall, usually cause intense pain.\\nThere may be a snapping sensation and immediate weakness in your upper arm.\\n\\nTears that develop slowly due to overuse also cause pain and arm weakness. You\\nmay have pain in the shoulder when you lift your arm, or pain that moves down\\nyour arm. At first, the pain may be mild and only present when lifting your\\narm over your head, such as reaching into a cupboard. Over-the-counter\\nmedication, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, may relieve the pain at first.\\n\\nOver time, the pain may become more noticeable at rest, and no longer goes\\naway with medications. You may have pain when you lie on the painful side at\\nnight. The pain and weakness in the shoulder may make routine activities such\\nas combing your hair or reaching behind your back more difficult.\\n\\nIt should be noted that some rotator cuff tears are not painful. These tears,\\nhowever, may still result in arm weakness and other symptoms.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nDoctor Examination\\n\\n#### Medical History and Physical Examination\\n\\nAfter discussing your symptoms and medical history, your doctor will examine\\nyour shoulder. He or she will check to see whether it is tender in any area or\\nwhether there is a deformity. To measure the range of motion of your shoulder,\\nyour doctor will have you move your arm in several different directions. He or\\nshe will also test your arm strength.\\n\\nYour doctor will test your range of motion by having you move your arm in\\ndifferent directions.\\n\\nReproduced with permission from JF Sarwark, ed: Essentials of Musculoskeletal\\nCare, ed 4. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.\\n\\nYour doctor will check for other problems with your shoulder joint. He or she\\nmay also examine your neck to make sure that the pain is not coming from a\\n\\\"pinched nerve,\\\" and to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis.\\n\\n#### Imaging Tests\\n\\nOther tests which may help your doctor confirm your diagnosis include:\\n\\n * X-rays. The first imaging tests performed are usually x-rays. Because x-rays do not show the soft tissues of your shoulder like the rotator cuff, plain x-rays of a shoulder with rotator cuff pain are usually normal or may show a small bone spur.\\n * Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound. These studies can better show soft tissues like the rotator cuff tendons. They can show the rotator cuff tear, as well as where the tear is located within the tendon and the size of the tear. An MRI can also give your doctor a better idea of how \\\"old\\\" or \\\"new\\\" a tear is because it can show the quality of the rotator cuff muscles.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nTreatment\\n\\nIf you have a rotator cuff tear and you keep using it despite increasing pain,\\nyou may cause further damage. A rotator cuff tear can get larger over time.\\n\\nChronic shoulder and arm pain are good reasons to see your doctor. Early\\ntreatment can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. It will also get you\\nback to your normal routine that much quicker.\\n\\nThe goal of any treatment is to reduce pain and restore function. There are\\nseveral treatment options for a rotator cuff tear, and the best option is\\ndifferent for every person. In planning your treatment, your doctor will\\nconsider your age, activity level, general health, and the type of tear you\\nhave.\\n\\nThere is no evidence of better results from surgery performed near the time of\\ninjury versus later on. For this reason, many doctors first recommend\\nmanagement of rotator cuff tears with physical therapy and other nonsurgical\\ntreatments.\\n\\n#### Nonsurgical Treatment\\n\\nIn about 80% of patients, nonsurgical treatment relieves pain and improves\\nfunction in the shoulder.\\n\\nNonsurgical treatment options may include:\\n\\n * Rest. Your doctor may suggest rest and limiting overhead activities. He or she may also prescribe a sling to help protect your shoulder and keep it still.\\n * Activity modification. Avoid activities that cause shoulder pain.\\n * Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication. Drugs like ibuprofen and naproxen reduce pain and swelling.\\n * Strengthening exercises and physical therapy. Specific exercises will restore movement and strengthen your shoulder. Your exercise program will include stretches to improve flexibility and range of motion. Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder can relieve pain and prevent further injury.\\n * Steroid injection. If rest, medications, and physical therapy do not relieve your pain, an injection of a local anesthetic and a cortisone preparation may be helpful. Cortisone is a very effective anti-inflammatory medicine; however, it is not effective for all patients.\\n\\nA cortisone injection may relieve painful symptoms.\\n\\nThe chief advantage of nonsurgical treatment is that it avoids the major risks\\nof surgery, such as:\\n\\n * Infection\\n * Permanent stiffness\\n * Anesthesia complications\\n * Sometimes lengthy recovery time\\n\\nThe disadvantages of nonsurgical treatment are:\\n\\n * Size of tear may increase over time\\n * Activities may need to be limited\\n\\n#### Surgical Treatment\\n\\nYour doctor may recommend surgery if your pain does not improve with\\nnonsurgical methods. Continued pain is the main indication for surgery. If you\\nare very active and use your arms for overhead work or sports, your doctor may\\nalso suggest surgery.\\n\\nOther signs that surgery may be a good option for you include:\\n\\n * Your symptoms have lasted 6 to 12 months\\n * You have a large tear (more than 3 cm) and the quality of the surrounding tissue is good\\n * You have significant weakness and loss of function in your shoulder\\n * Your tear was caused by a recent, acute injury\\n\\nSurgery to repair a torn rotator cuff most often involves re-attaching the\\ntendon to the head of humerus (upper arm bone). There are a few options for\\nrepairing rotator cuff tears. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you\\nthe best procedure to meet your individual health needs.\\n\\nContinue to next page: Rotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment OptionsRotator\\nCuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options (topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nLast reviewed: March 2017\\n\\nContributed and/or Updated by: April D. Armstrong, MD; George S. Athwal, MD\\n\\nPeer-Reviewed by: Stuart J. Fischer, MD; J. Michael Wiater, MD\\n\\nContributor Disclosure Information\\n\\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\"\\nprogram on this website.\\n\\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nRelated Articles\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\\n\\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\\n\\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00604)\\n\\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\\n\\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00741)\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00378)\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\\n\\nShoulder Pain\\n\\nShoulder Pain (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00065)\\n\\nRelated Resources\\n\\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program\\n\\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program (/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\\n\\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nPrint Article\\n\\nRelated Articles\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\\n\\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\\n\\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00604)\\n\\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\\n\\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00741)\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\\n\\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00378)\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy\\n\\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n\\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\\n\\nShoulder Pain\\n\\nShoulder Pain (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00065)\\n\\nRelated Resources\\n\\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program\\n\\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program (/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\\n\\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506041332/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This is the second of a two-part article on the painful shoulder. Part I, “Clinical Evaluation,” appeared in Am Fam Physician 2000;61:3079–88.\",\n \"Fractures of the humerus, scapula and clavicle usually result from a direct blow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Most can be treated by immobilization. Dislocation of the humerus, strain or sprain of the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints, and rotator cuff injury often can be managed conservatively. Recurrence is a problem with humerus dislocation, and surgical management may be indicated if conservative treatment fails. Rotator cuff tears are often hard to diagnose because of muscle atrophy that impairs the patient's ability to perform diagnostic maneuvers. Chronic shoulder problems usually fall into one of several categories, which include impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder and biceps tendonitis. Other causes of chronic shoulder pain are labral injury, osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joint and, rarely, osteolysis of the distal clavicle.\",\n \"Shoulder pain is a common complaint in family practice. Knowledge of the acute and chronic disorders that commonly cause shoulder pain is important because many of them can be managed without referral to a subspecialist.1 This article reviews common causes of shoulder pain and discusses imaging, treatment and indications for referral.\",\n \"Clavicular fractures are common, accounting for one of every 20 fractures.2 Most occur in the middle one third of the clavicle. Patients with fracture of the proximal or medial clavicle often have concomitant posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint. Clavicular fractures usually occur during a fall onto an outstretched hand, although some result from a blow to the shoulder. Because the clavicle is directly beneath the skin, these fractures are relatively easy to diagnose: palpation will reveal point tenderness or an obvious deformity. A complete neurovascular examination of the upper extremities should be performed to identify any associated brachial plexus or vascular injuries.\",\n \"Verification of clinical findings with radiographs is important, particularly to determine whether the patient has a displaced fracture of the proximal or distal clavicle, which may require referral for orthopedic care. A standard anteroposterior (AP) view and an AP view taken with the x-ray beam tilted 45 degrees (cephalic tilt view) are usually adequate. In a patient with substantial trauma, a chest film should be obtained to exclude a concomitant pneumothorax or rib injuries.\",\n \"Treatment of most clavicular fractures is conservative and consists of a figure-of-eight strap or sling worn for two to four weeks, primarily for comfort. A follow-up radiograph can be obtained four to six weeks after the injury to ensure adequate positioning and healing.\",\n \"Displaced distal clavicular fractures may result in disruption of the stabilizing ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint. Fractures of this type are more difficult to immobilize properly, and patients with this problem should generally be referred to an orthopedist for further evaluation.\",\n \"Humeral fractures are most commonly caused by a direct blow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Physical examination frequently reveals crepitus at the fracture site. Ecchymosis often occurs within 24 to 48 hours of the injury.\",\n \"AP and lateral radiographs of the humerus will usually show the fracture. An axillary view should be included if the patient is able to perform the necessary maneuvers (Figure 1). This view is most appropriate for diagnosing dislocations or subtle scapular fractures, particularly those of the coracoid process.3 Because the patient must be able to abduct the arm sufficiently, an axillary view can be difficult to obtain and interpret. The Y view (scapular lateral view) is useful if the patient is unable to abduct the arm (Figure 2).\",\n \"Fractures of the greater tuberosity may be best visualized with an axillary or a Y view. Additional AP views with the humerus in internal and external rotation are sometimes necessary.3\",\n \"The treatment of stable proximal humeral fractures (those displaced less than 1 cm) consists of a shoulder immobilizer to prevent external rotation and abduction. Referral for surgical treatment may be required for complex fractures (three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures), those involving the anatomic neck, fractures displaced more than 1 cm or those associated with neurovascular injury.4 Follow-up radiographs should be obtained early in treatment to ensure that the fracture fragment has not displaced.\",\n \"Scapular fractures, which are uncommon,5 result from a direct blow to the scapular area or from extremely high-force impact elsewhere to the thorax. The patient usually has tenderness at the fracture site, and arm abduction is painful. The neck and scapular body are most commonly involved.\",\n \"Most scapular fractures can be adequately seen with AP and axillary or lateral views of the shoulder. If other injuries are suspected or if the patient was involved in a high-speed or high-force trauma, a chest film and trauma series of the humerus on the affected side should be considered.\",\n \"Treatment usually consists of a sling for comfort. Range-of-motion exercises are begun as soon as acute pain resolves, usually within two weeks. Early mobilization is important to avoid loss of range of motion, possibly leading to frozen shoulder. Orthopedic referral is indicated for patients with fractures that are unstable or that involve the articular site.\",\n \"The glenohumeral joint is normally bathed in a small amount (less than 1 mL) of free synovial fluid. Under normal conditions, the intraarticular pressure is negative, which creates a relative vacuum that resists bony translation.6\",\n \"The humeral head can dislocate anteriorly, posteriorly or inferiorly in relation to the glenoid fossa. Most shoulder dislocations are anterior. Patients usually hold the affected arm in external rotation and abduction. The humeral head usually is palpable anteriorly, and the diagnosis is often confirmed by locating a dimple in the skin beneath the acromion.\",\n \"Posterior dislocation is uncommon, and diagnosis is often delayed. Typically, the patient presents with the arm held close to the body in abduction and internal rotation. Usually, external rotation (active and passive) and forward elevation are extremely limited.\",\n \"Younger athletes and older adults can have a fractured proximal clavicle rather than a dislocation with a similar mechanism of injury.\",\n \"The diagnosis of glenohumeral dislocation is confirmed with at least two radiographic views of the affected shoulder. A true AP view, with the x-ray beam perpendicular to the plane of the scapula, usually reveals an anterior dislocation but can miss a posterior dislocation. An axillary or a Y view provides a more accurate picture of the anteroposterior position of the humeral head relative to the glenoid fossa3 (Figure 3). If the diagnosis is still unclear after plain films have been obtained, a computed tomographic (CT) scan should be considered. Care should be taken to look for an avulsion fracture of the glenoid (Bankart lesion). This injury usually requires surgical repair (Figure 4).\",\n \"Computed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending off the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\",\n \"Computed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending off the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\",\n \"A patient with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation often has subtle clinical findings. Tenderness may be noted over the posterior aspect of the shoulder. The anterior apprehension test usually causes more pain than apprehension. A Hill-Sachs lesion (a bony defect in the posterolateral portion of the humeral head) occurs in more than 50 percent of patients with a primary dislocation.7 This lesion is associated with an increased risk of recurrent dislocation (Table 1).\",\n \"Shoulder dislocation is treated with relocation of the humerus (using the method with which the clinician is most familiar) and immobilization, to permit capsular healing. Mobilization of the shoulder and the elbow can usually be resumed within seven to 10 days following injury. Early range-of- motion exercises are important, particularly in older patients, to prevent complications such as frozen shoulder.\",\n \"A more aggressive rehabilitation program with a shorter course of immobilization has been advocated for elite athletes.8,9 Reported recurrence rates of anterior dislocations, particularly in younger athletes who throw overhead, are as high as 90 percent,10,11 although a recent prospective Swedish study demonstrated lower rates of recurrence.7\",\n \"The classic treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocations has been open surgery and a Bankart repair (surgical repair of a detachment of the labrum to the glenoid). This approach has a success rate as high as 95 percent.12 In a recent study of young athletes, arthroscopic Bankart repair was compared with three weeks of immobilization for the treatment of an initial anterior shoulder dislocation. The group treated surgically had fewer episodes of recurrent instability than the group managed with immobilization.9 Based on these results, early surgery may have a role in the treatment of high- performance athletes with anterior glenohumeral dislocation.\",\n \"A common injury among athletes and active patients is acromioclavicular (AC) sprain, also referred to as “shoulder separation.” The current classification system recognizes six grades of AC ligamentous injuries (Table 2).13 A direct blow to the superior aspect of the shoulder or a lateral blow to the deltoid area often produces this injury. Occasionally, an AC sprain results from falling onto an outstretched hand.\",\n \"Adapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\",\n \"Adapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\",\n \"On examination, the patient has well-localized swelling and tenderness over the AC joint. When an AC joint injury is suspected, the patient should be examined in the sitting position because the weight of the arm in the standing position stresses the AC joint and may exaggerate an existing problem. A palpable “stepped” deformity between the acromion and the clavicle indicates a more severe injury, possibly a complete dislocation. An AP view of the shoulder usually confirms the diagnosis. An axillary view should be obtained if a grade 4 to grade 6 injury is suspected.\",\n \"Most patients with grades 1 and 2 injuries can be treated without surgery. In some patients, however, a grade 2 lesion can be difficult to differentiate from a grade 3 injury on routine radiographs if the patient supports the injured side. Patients with grade 3 and higher injuries should generally be referred to an orthopedist for possible operative repair. Grades 2 and 3 injuries are often associated with chronic AC joint pain.\",\n \"Anterior sternoclavicular (SC) joint separation occurs when the medial end of the clavicle is displaced anteriorly or anterosuperiorly with respect to the anterior border of the sternum. This injury is most commonly the result of a motor vehicle crash.14 The patient with an SC joint injury will complain of pain, particularly with shoulder adduction. Localized tenderness and deformity are often noted. The head may be tilted toward the side of the dislocation. When the patient is supine, the discomfort is often exacerbated, and the patient cannot place the affected shoulder flat on the examining table. A posterior dislocation can be life-threatening because of compression of the trachea and great vessels of the neck.\",\n \"The SC joint and proximal physis of the clavicle can be difficult to see on plain films. A modified radiographic view, such as a 40-degree cephalic tilt view, is often helpful. A CT scan can provide more detail about the extent of injury. Mild SC sprains are usually treated conservatively with a sling or figure-of-eight appliance and progressive range-of-motion exercise. Acute SC dislocations can be managed with closed reduction by experienced physicians, but surgical reduction for definitive management is often required.\",\n \"Tears of the rotator cuff are most common in persons older than 40 years.15 In younger patients, these injuries typically result from trauma. In middle-aged or older patients, a more common presentation is chronic impingement syndrome, often resulting in rupture of the cuff. When a rotator cuff ruptures, the resulting muscular atrophy often limits the patient's ability to perform the necessary diagnostic maneuvers. In these patients, a rotator cuff tear can be difficult to diagnose clinically. An AP view of the glenohumeral joint may show calcific tendonitis of the cuff and superior migration of the humeral head, which should prompt further imaging studies if the clinician suspects a tear15,16 (Table 3).\",\n \"Treatment consists of surgical repair in younger and selected older patients or rehabilitation in patients who are not good candidates for surgery. Early identification of a rotator cuff tear is important so that consultation for possible surgical repair can be considered. Repair within three weeks of injury is recommended to avoid tendon retraction, reinjury, tendon degeneration and muscle atrophy.\",\n \"The rotator cuff occupies the space between the coracoacromial arch and the humerus. With abduction of the arm, the tendons of the rotator cuff can be impinged between the bony structures of the arch and the humerus. The impingement syndrome was described by Neer17,18 as a series of pathologic changes in the supraspinatus tendon: stage I causes hemorrhage and edema; stage II, tendonitis and fibrosis; and stage III, tendon degeneration of the rotator cuff and biceps, bony changes and tendon rupture.\",\n \"Pain related to impingement usually occurs over the anterolateral aspect of the shoulder, often with some radiation to, but not usually beyond, the elbow. Typically, the pain is aggravated by overhead activity and is worse at night. Patients often report a clicking or popping sensation in the affected shoulder. In young throwing athletes with these symptoms, however, the examiner should be concerned about the possibility of a labral disorder. Biceps tendonitis frequently occurs in the later stages of impingement, and rehabilitation can help correct this problem.19\",\n \"The examiner should distinguish between primary and secondary impingement. Initial treatment of both conditions is conservative, but when conservative treatment fails, the surgical approach to the two problems differs markedly. Symptoms in older patients usually reflect chronic overuse and degeneration of the supraspinatus tendon. This process is referred to as primary impingement. For instance, a 65-year-old patient with anterior shoulder pain probably has primary outlet impingement. In contrast, a 17-year-old baseball pitcher is more likely to have secondary impingement, with an underlying problem of instability. This patient will often complain of arm heaviness and numbness (“dead arm” syndrome) rather than shoulder pain.20\",\n \"Therefore, the primary diagnosis in younger throwing athletes is typically subtle glenohumeral instability with secondary impingement and subacromial bursitis noted on examination. Weakness in the scapular stabilizers can play an important role in the development of shoulder problems, particularly in athletes.21 Repeated stresses from overhead motions like throwing can lead to fatigue of the muscles that stabilize the humeral head and prevent anterior subluxation. Secondary impingement, therefore, can occur when the fatigue and dysfunction of the rotator cuff cause the humeral head to migrate superiorly within the glenohumeral joint, impinging the rotator cuff tendon under the coracoacromial arch.\",\n \"Other causes of impingement include a curved or hooked acromion, AC spurring and a thickened coracoacromial ligament.22 Radiographs should be considered if a patient shows no improvement after two to three months of conservative therapy for presumed impingement syndrome (Table 4).23 Degenerative changes at the AC joint, sclerosis, osteophyte formation at the inferior aspect of the acromion and sclerosis or cyst formation at the site of supraspinatus tendon insertion into the greater tuberosity should increase the clinician's suspicion of impingement and chronic rotator cuff tears. In some cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other imaging studies (Table 3) may be necessary. T_2-weighted MRI has a reported accuracy of 84 to 100 percent in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.15,16\",\n \"Adapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\",\n \"Adapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\",\n \"Initial treatment of most patients with impingement syndrome (primary and secondary) is conservative, especially in the acute phase of pain: rest, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), icing and avoiding aggravating activities. It may be necessary to modify the patient's work activities, particularly overhead lifting. After most of the pain has resolved, a rotator cuff strengthening program should be instituted. In some patients, particularly athletes with secondary impingement, scapular rotator cuff strengthening also should be incorporated into the physical therapy program. Athletes with secondary impingement and underlying instability who fail to show improvement with conservative therapy should be referred for consideration of a stabilization procedure. In contrast, an older patient with primary impingement would probably undergo open or arthroscopic subacromial decompression.\",\n \"A corticosteroid injection can be therapeutic and diagnostic in patients with impingement syndrome. If the diagnosis of impingement is uncertain, lidocaine (Xylocaine) and/or bupivacaine (Marcaine) can be injected into the subacromial space. After the drug has dispersed for several minutes, impingement tests can be repeated. A decrease in pain increases the certainty that impingement is the primary process. Corticosteroids are often combined with anesthetics in this procedure. A recent randomized, double-blind study24 noted significant short-term relief of subacromial impingement symptoms with corticosteroid injections.\",\n \"Adhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, results from thickening and contraction of the capsule around the glenohumeral joint and causes loss of motion and pain. Frozen shoulder classically consists of shoulder pain that is slow in onset and presents without any radiographic abnormalities. Usually, the discomfort is localized near the deltoid insertion, the patient is unable to sleep on the affected side and glenohumeral elevation and external rotation are restricted.\",\n \"Frozen shoulder most often occurs as a result of immobility following a shoulder injury. An autoimmune cause of frozen shoulder has been proposed.25,26 The diagnosis is usually made clinically, and physicians should always be concerned about a possible underlying rotator cuff tear. Radiographs often appear normal, although osteopenia of the humeral head may be noted as a result of disuse. Arthrography demonstrates generalized constriction of the joint capsule, with loss of the normal axillary and subscapularis spaces (Table 3). The capsule can be dilated during arthrography, converting the procedure from a diagnostic to a therapeutic one.\",\n \"A carefully designed treatment plan for patients with frozen shoulder may include physical therapy, pain medication such as NSAIDs and, occasionally, intra-articular corticosteroid injection. Surgical referral may be indicated after conservative treatment has failed, although the exact timing of surgery should be decided on an individual basis.\",\n \"Biceps tendonitis results from inflammation of the sheath around the long head of the biceps and is usually manifested by discrete pain and tenderness in the area of the bicipital groove, often occurring concomitantly with impingement syndrome or rotator cuff tear. Management is usually conservative; rest, icing, NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections may all be helpful. When conservative management fails, surgical transfer of the tendon may be necessary.\",\n \"The SLAP lesion (superior labrum anterior and posterior) and other glenoid labral tears are common in throwing athletes who present with a painful shoulder that clicks or pops with motion. Patients often have a positive “clunk” test,27 especially in the overhead position. They may have tenderness to deep palpation over the anterior glenohumeral joint and signs of laxity or instability. Plain films are often normal, and MRI arthrography may be needed to view the torn labrum (Table 3). For patients who do not respond to rest, NSAIDs and physical therapy, arthroscopic or open surgical repair may be indicated.\",\n \"Arthritis of the glenohumeral joint generally causes pain with activity, loss of passive motion and stiffness. Some patients may complain of nighttime pain. Causes of arthritis include previous trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, rotator cuff tear and Lyme disease. Multiple joint involvement is suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis.\",\n \"An AP view of the glenohumeral joint will usually reveal degenerative changes and loss of joint space (Table 2). Treatment is initially conservative, using heat and ice, NSAIDs, range-of-motion exercises and corticosteroid injections. Patients for whom conservative therapy fails can be referred for further evaluation and treatment.\",\n \"Atraumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle is an unusual injury that occurs most often in weight lifters.28 Although its cause remains obscure, the problem most likely begins as a stress fracture. Subsequent bone resorption causes cystic and erosive changes, and bone remodeling cannot occur because of the continual stress imposed on the joint. Patients typically have dull pain over the AC joint, which is often worst at the beginning of an exercise period. Any movement requiring abduction of the arm more than 90 degrees is painful.\",\n \"Plain films of the AC joint and clavicle usually confirm the diagnosis. Key findings include osteopenia and lucency in the distal clavicle (Figure 5). Treatment consists of discontinuing load-bearing activity. Conservative management should be used for as long as the patient will comply. Consideration for resection of the distal clavicle should be individualized according to each patient's functional demands and symptoms.\",\n \"1. Butcher JD, Zukowski CW, Brannen SJ, Fieseler C, O'Connor FG, Farrish S, et al. Patient profile, referral sources, and consultant utilization in a primary care sports medicine clinic. J Fam Pract. 1996;43:556–60....\",\n \"2. Craig EV. Fractures of the clavicle. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1109–71.\",\n \"5. Butters KP. Fractures and dislocations of the scapula. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1163–92.\",\n \"6. Habermeyer P, Schuller U, Wiedemann E. The intra-articular pressure of the shoulder: an experimental study on the role of the glenoid labrum in stabilizing the joint. Arthroscopy. 1992;8:166–72.\",\n \"8. Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, McBride JT. Arthroscopic Bankart repair versus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder dislocations. Am J Sports Med. 1994;22:589–94.\",\n \"9. Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, Arciero RA, Molinari RN. Arthroscopic versus nonoperative treatment of acute shoulder dislocations in young athletes. Arthroscopy. 1989;5:213–7.\",\n \"13. Rockwood CA Jr, Williams GR, Young DC. Injuries to the acromioclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1341–407.\",\n \"14. Rockwood CA Jr. Disorders of the sternoclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Matsen FA, eds. The shoulder. 2d ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders, 1998.\",\n \"16. Burk DL Jr, Karasick D, Kurtz AB, Mitchell DG, Rifkin MD, Miller CL, et al. Rotator cuff tears: prospective comparison of MR imaging with arthrography, sonography, and surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153:87–92.\",\n \"18. Neer CS 2d. Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome in the shoulder: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1972;54:41–50.\",\n \"21. Chandler TJ, Kibler WB, Stracener EC, Ziegler AK, Pace B. Shoulder strength, power, and endurance in college tennis players. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:455–8.\",\n \"22. Bigliani LU, Morrison DS, April EW. The morphology of the acromion and its relationship to rotator cuff tears [Abstract]. Orthop Trans. 1986;10:228.\",\n \"Members of various family practice departments develop articles for “Problem- Oriented Diagnosis.” This article is one in a series coordinated by the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison. Guest editor of the series is William E. Scheckler, M.D.\",\n \"Copyright © 2000 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non- commercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact afpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders - American Family\\nPhysician\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n<< Previous article\\n\\nNext article >>\\n\\nJun 1, 2000 Issue\\n\\n# The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders\\n\\nTHOMAS W. WOODWARD, M.D., and THOMAS M. BEST, M.D., PH.D., University of\\nWisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin\\n\\nAm Fam Physician. 2000 Jun 1;61(11):3291-3300.\\n\\nThis is the second of a two-part article on the painful shoulder. Part I,\\n“Clinical Evaluation,” appeared in Am Fam Physician 2000;61:3079–88.\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\n### Article Sections\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nFractures of the humerus, scapula and clavicle usually result from a direct\\nblow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Most can be treated by\\nimmobilization. Dislocation of the humerus, strain or sprain of the\\nacromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints, and rotator cuff injury often\\ncan be managed conservatively. Recurrence is a problem with humerus\\ndislocation, and surgical management may be indicated if conservative\\ntreatment fails. Rotator cuff tears are often hard to diagnose because of\\nmuscle atrophy that impairs the patient's ability to perform diagnostic\\nmaneuvers. Chronic shoulder problems usually fall into one of several\\ncategories, which include impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder and biceps\\ntendonitis. Other causes of chronic shoulder pain are labral injury,\\nosteoarthritis of the glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joint and, rarely,\\nosteolysis of the distal clavicle.\\n\\nShoulder pain is a common complaint in family practice. Knowledge of the acute\\nand chronic disorders that commonly cause shoulder pain is important because\\nmany of them can be managed without referral to a subspecialist.1 This article\\nreviews common causes of shoulder pain and discusses imaging, treatment and\\nindications for referral.\\n\\n## Clavicular Fractures\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nClavicular fractures are common, accounting for one of every 20 fractures.2\\nMost occur in the middle one third of the clavicle. Patients with fracture of\\nthe proximal or medial clavicle often have concomitant posterior dislocation\\nof the sternoclavicular joint. Clavicular fractures usually occur during a\\nfall onto an outstretched hand, although some result from a blow to the\\nshoulder. Because the clavicle is directly beneath the skin, these fractures\\nare relatively easy to diagnose: palpation will reveal point tenderness or an\\nobvious deformity. A complete neurovascular examination of the upper\\nextremities should be performed to identify any associated brachial plexus or\\nvascular injuries.\\n\\nVerification of clinical findings with radiographs is important, particularly\\nto determine whether the patient has a displaced fracture of the proximal or\\ndistal clavicle, which may require referral for orthopedic care. A standard\\nanteroposterior (AP) view and an AP view taken with the x-ray beam tilted 45\\ndegrees (cephalic tilt view) are usually adequate. In a patient with\\nsubstantial trauma, a chest film should be obtained to exclude a concomitant\\npneumothorax or rib injuries.\\n\\nTreatment of most clavicular fractures is conservative and consists of a\\nfigure-of-eight strap or sling worn for two to four weeks, primarily for\\ncomfort. A follow-up radiograph can be obtained four to six weeks after the\\ninjury to ensure adequate positioning and healing.\\n\\nDisplaced distal clavicular fractures may result in disruption of the\\nstabilizing ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint. Fractures of this type\\nare more difficult to immobilize properly, and patients with this problem\\nshould generally be referred to an orthopedist for further evaluation.\\n\\n## Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nHumeral fractures are most commonly caused by a direct blow or a fall onto an\\noutstretched hand. Physical examination frequently reveals crepitus at the\\nfracture site. Ecchymosis often occurs within 24 to 48 hours of the injury.\\n\\nAP and lateral radiographs of the humerus will usually show the fracture. An\\naxillary view should be included if the patient is able to perform the\\nnecessary maneuvers (Figure 1). This view is most appropriate for diagnosing\\ndislocations or subtle scapular fractures, particularly those of the coracoid\\nprocess.3 Because the patient must be able to abduct the arm sufficiently, an\\naxillary view can be difficult to obtain and interpret. The Y view (scapular\\nlateral view) is useful if the patient is unable to abduct the arm (Figure 2).\\n\\nView/Print Figure\\n\\nFIGURE 1.\\n\\nRadiographs of the shoulder. (Left) True anteroposterior view. (Right)\\nAxillary lateral view.\\n\\nFIGURE 1.\\n\\nRadiographs of the shoulder. (Left) True anteroposterior view. (Right)\\nAxillary lateral view.\\n\\nView/Print Figure\\n\\nFIGURE 2.\\n\\nY view showing the scapula laterally. The humeral head normally overlies the\\nglenoid cavity.\\n\\nFIGURE 2.\\n\\nY view showing the scapula laterally. The humeral head normally overlies the\\nglenoid cavity.\\n\\nFractures of the greater tuberosity may be best visualized with an axillary or\\na Y view. Additional AP views with the humerus in internal and external\\nrotation are sometimes necessary.3\\n\\nThe treatment of stable proximal humeral fractures (those displaced less than\\n1 cm) consists of a shoulder immobilizer to prevent external rotation and\\nabduction. Referral for surgical treatment may be required for complex\\nfractures (three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures), those involving\\nthe anatomic neck, fractures displaced more than 1 cm or those associated with\\nneurovascular injury.4 Follow-up radiographs should be obtained early in\\ntreatment to ensure that the fracture fragment has not displaced.\\n\\n## Scapular Fractures\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nScapular fractures, which are uncommon,5 result from a direct blow to the\\nscapular area or from extremely high-force impact elsewhere to the thorax. The\\npatient usually has tenderness at the fracture site, and arm abduction is\\npainful. The neck and scapular body are most commonly involved.\\n\\nMost scapular fractures can be adequately seen with AP and axillary or lateral\\nviews of the shoulder. If other injuries are suspected or if the patient was\\ninvolved in a high-speed or high-force trauma, a chest film and trauma series\\nof the humerus on the affected side should be considered.\\n\\nTreatment usually consists of a sling for comfort. Range-of-motion exercises\\nare begun as soon as acute pain resolves, usually within two weeks. Early\\nmobilization is important to avoid loss of range of motion, possibly leading\\nto frozen shoulder. Orthopedic referral is indicated for patients with\\nfractures that are unstable or that involve the articular site.\\n\\n## Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nThe glenohumeral joint is normally bathed in a small amount (less than 1 mL)\\nof free synovial fluid. Under normal conditions, the intraarticular pressure\\nis negative, which creates a relative vacuum that resists bony translation.6\\n\\nThe humeral head can dislocate anteriorly, posteriorly or inferiorly in\\nrelation to the glenoid fossa. Most shoulder dislocations are anterior.\\nPatients usually hold the affected arm in external rotation and abduction. The\\nhumeral head usually is palpable anteriorly, and the diagnosis is often\\nconfirmed by locating a dimple in the skin beneath the acromion.\\n\\nPosterior dislocation is uncommon, and diagnosis is often delayed. Typically,\\nthe patient presents with the arm held close to the body in abduction and\\ninternal rotation. Usually, external rotation (active and passive) and forward\\nelevation are extremely limited.\\n\\nYounger athletes and older adults can have a fractured proximal clavicle\\nrather than a dislocation with a similar mechanism of injury.\\n\\nThe diagnosis of glenohumeral dislocation is confirmed with at least two\\nradiographic views of the affected shoulder. A true AP view, with the x-ray\\nbeam perpendicular to the plane of the scapula, usually reveals an anterior\\ndislocation but can miss a posterior dislocation. An axillary or a Y view\\nprovides a more accurate picture of the anteroposterior position of the\\nhumeral head relative to the glenoid fossa3 (Figure 3). If the diagnosis is\\nstill unclear after plain films have been obtained, a computed tomographic\\n(CT) scan should be considered. Care should be taken to look for an avulsion\\nfracture of the glenoid (Bankart lesion). This injury usually requires\\nsurgical repair (Figure 4).\\n\\nView/Print Figure\\n\\nFIGURE 3.\\n\\nAnteroposterior views of the shoulder, showing anterior dislocation (left) and\\nnormal alignment after reduction (right).\\n\\nFIGURE 3.\\n\\nAnteroposterior views of the shoulder, showing anterior dislocation (left) and\\nnormal alignment after reduction (right).\\n\\nView/Print Figure\\n\\nFIGURE 4.\\n\\nComputed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending\\noff the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\\n\\nFIGURE 4.\\n\\nComputed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending\\noff the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\\n\\nA patient with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation often has subtle\\nclinical findings. Tenderness may be noted over the posterior aspect of the\\nshoulder. The anterior apprehension test usually causes more pain than\\napprehension. A Hill-Sachs lesion (a bony defect in the posterolateral portion\\nof the humeral head) occurs in more than 50 percent of patients with a primary\\ndislocation.7 This lesion is associated with an increased risk of recurrent\\ndislocation (Table 1).\\n\\nView/Print Table\\n\\nTABLE 1\\n\\n#### Complications of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation\\n\\nComplication| Incidence \\n---|--- \\n \\nRecurrent dislocation\\n\\n|\\n\\nDecreased occurrence with age \\n \\nBony injury\\n\\n|\\n\\nHill-Sachs lesion* in > 50% of patients with primary dislocation \\n \\nRotator cuff tear\\n\\n|\\n\\n50% in patients < age 40; 80% in those > 60 \\n \\nVascular injury\\n\\n|\\n\\nIncreased occurrence with advanced age \\n \\nNeurologic injury\\n\\n|\\n\\nMost common in axillary nerve \\n \\nArthropathy\\n\\n|\\n\\n20% of patients 10 years after dislocation \\n \\n*—Bony defect in posterolateral humeral head.\\n\\nInformation from Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R,\\nThorling J. Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a\\nten-year prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1996;78:1677–84.\\n\\nTABLE 1\\n\\n#### Complications of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation\\n\\nComplication| Incidence \\n---|--- \\n \\nRecurrent dislocation\\n\\n|\\n\\nDecreased occurrence with age \\n \\nBony injury\\n\\n|\\n\\nHill-Sachs lesion* in > 50% of patients with primary dislocation \\n \\nRotator cuff tear\\n\\n|\\n\\n50% in patients < age 40; 80% in those > 60 \\n \\nVascular injury\\n\\n|\\n\\nIncreased occurrence with advanced age \\n \\nNeurologic injury\\n\\n|\\n\\nMost common in axillary nerve \\n \\nArthropathy\\n\\n|\\n\\n20% of patients 10 years after dislocation \\n \\n*—Bony defect in posterolateral humeral head.\\n\\nInformation from Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R,\\nThorling J. Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a\\nten-year prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1996;78:1677–84.\\n\\nShoulder dislocation is treated with relocation of the humerus (using the\\nmethod with which the clinician is most familiar) and immobilization, to\\npermit capsular healing. Mobilization of the shoulder and the elbow can\\nusually be resumed within seven to 10 days following injury. Early range-of-\\nmotion exercises are important, particularly in older patients, to prevent\\ncomplications such as frozen shoulder.\\n\\nA more aggressive rehabilitation program with a shorter course of\\nimmobilization has been advocated for elite athletes.8,9 Reported recurrence\\nrates of anterior dislocations, particularly in younger athletes who throw\\noverhead, are as high as 90 percent,10,11 although a recent prospective\\nSwedish study demonstrated lower rates of recurrence.7\\n\\nThe classic treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocations has been open surgery\\nand a Bankart repair (surgical repair of a detachment of the labrum to the\\nglenoid). This approach has a success rate as high as 95 percent.12 In a\\nrecent study of young athletes, arthroscopic Bankart repair was compared with\\nthree weeks of immobilization for the treatment of an initial anterior\\nshoulder dislocation. The group treated surgically had fewer episodes of\\nrecurrent instability than the group managed with immobilization.9 Based on\\nthese results, early surgery may have a role in the treatment of high-\\nperformance athletes with anterior glenohumeral dislocation.\\n\\n## Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nA common injury among athletes and active patients is acromioclavicular (AC)\\nsprain, also referred to as “shoulder separation.” The current classification\\nsystem recognizes six grades of AC ligamentous injuries (Table 2).13 A direct\\nblow to the superior aspect of the shoulder or a lateral blow to the deltoid\\narea often produces this injury. Occasionally, an AC sprain results from\\nfalling onto an outstretched hand.\\n\\nView/Print Table\\n\\nTABLE 2\\n\\n#### Classification of Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries\\n\\nLigaments or joint| Grade 1| Grade 2| Grade 3| Grade 4| Grade 5| Grade 6 \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nAcromioclavicular ligaments\\n\\n|\\n\\nSprained\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted \\n \\nAcromioclavicular joint\\n\\n|\\n\\nIntact\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nSeparated\\n\\n|\\n\\nRuptured \\n \\nCoracoclavicular ligaments\\n\\n|\\n\\nIntact\\n\\n|\\n\\nSprained\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted \\n \\nAdapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP,\\nBucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia,\\nPa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\\n\\nTABLE 2\\n\\n#### Classification of Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries\\n\\nLigaments or joint| Grade 1| Grade 2| Grade 3| Grade 4| Grade 5| Grade 6 \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nAcromioclavicular ligaments\\n\\n|\\n\\nSprained\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted \\n \\nAcromioclavicular joint\\n\\n|\\n\\nIntact\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nSeparated\\n\\n|\\n\\nRuptured \\n \\nCoracoclavicular ligaments\\n\\n|\\n\\nIntact\\n\\n|\\n\\nSprained\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted\\n\\n|\\n\\nDisrupted \\n \\nAdapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP,\\nBucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia,\\nPa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\\n\\nOn examination, the patient has well-localized swelling and tenderness over\\nthe AC joint. When an AC joint injury is suspected, the patient should be\\nexamined in the sitting position because the weight of the arm in the standing\\nposition stresses the AC joint and may exaggerate an existing problem. A\\npalpable “stepped” deformity between the acromion and the clavicle indicates a\\nmore severe injury, possibly a complete dislocation. An AP view of the\\nshoulder usually confirms the diagnosis. An axillary view should be obtained\\nif a grade 4 to grade 6 injury is suspected.\\n\\nMost patients with grades 1 and 2 injuries can be treated without surgery. In\\nsome patients, however, a grade 2 lesion can be difficult to differentiate\\nfrom a grade 3 injury on routine radiographs if the patient supports the\\ninjured side. Patients with grade 3 and higher injuries should generally be\\nreferred to an orthopedist for possible operative repair. Grades 2 and 3\\ninjuries are often associated with chronic AC joint pain.\\n\\n## Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nAnterior sternoclavicular (SC) joint separation occurs when the medial end of\\nthe clavicle is displaced anteriorly or anterosuperiorly with respect to the\\nanterior border of the sternum. This injury is most commonly the result of a\\nmotor vehicle crash.14 The patient with an SC joint injury will complain of\\npain, particularly with shoulder adduction. Localized tenderness and deformity\\nare often noted. The head may be tilted toward the side of the dislocation.\\nWhen the patient is supine, the discomfort is often exacerbated, and the\\npatient cannot place the affected shoulder flat on the examining table. A\\nposterior dislocation can be life-threatening because of compression of the\\ntrachea and great vessels of the neck.\\n\\nThe SC joint and proximal physis of the clavicle can be difficult to see on\\nplain films. A modified radiographic view, such as a 40-degree cephalic tilt\\nview, is often helpful. A CT scan can provide more detail about the extent of\\ninjury. Mild SC sprains are usually treated conservatively with a sling or\\nfigure-of-eight appliance and progressive range-of-motion exercise. Acute SC\\ndislocations can be managed with closed reduction by experienced physicians,\\nbut surgical reduction for definitive management is often required.\\n\\n## Rotator Cuff Tear\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nTears of the rotator cuff are most common in persons older than 40 years.15 In\\nyounger patients, these injuries typically result from trauma. In middle-aged\\nor older patients, a more common presentation is chronic impingement syndrome,\\noften resulting in rupture of the cuff. When a rotator cuff ruptures, the\\nresulting muscular atrophy often limits the patient's ability to perform the\\nnecessary diagnostic maneuvers. In these patients, a rotator cuff tear can be\\ndifficult to diagnose clinically. An AP view of the glenohumeral joint may\\nshow calcific tendonitis of the cuff and superior migration of the humeral\\nhead, which should prompt further imaging studies if the clinician suspects a\\ntear15,16 (Table 3).\\n\\nView/Print Table\\n\\nTABLE 3\\n\\n#### Imaging Studies of the Shoulder\\n\\nImaging modality| Advantages| Disadvantages \\n---|---|--- \\n \\nMRI\\n\\n|\\n\\n95% sensitivity and specificity in detecting complete rotator cuff tears, cuff\\ndegeneration, chronic tendonitis and partial cuff tears\\n\\n|\\n\\nOften identifies an apparent “abnormality” in an asymptomatic patient \\n \\nNo ionizing radiation \\n \\nArthrography\\n\\n|\\n\\nGood at identifying complete rotator cuff tear or adhesive capsulitis (frozen\\nshoulder)\\n\\n|\\n\\nInvasive \\n \\nRelatively poor at diagnosing a partial rotator cuff tear \\n \\nUltrasonography\\n\\n|\\n\\nAccurately diagnoses complete rotator cuff tears\\n\\n|\\n\\nLess useful in identifying partial cuff tears \\n \\nOperator-dependent interpretation \\n \\nMRI arthrography\\n\\n|\\n\\nReliably identifies full-thickness rotator cuff tears and labral tears\\n\\n|\\n\\nInvasive \\n \\nCT scanning\\n\\n|\\n\\nMay be useful in diagnosis of subtle dislocation\\n\\n|\\n\\nIonizing radiation \\n \\nMRI = magnetic resonance imaging; CT = computed tomographic.\\n\\nTABLE 3\\n\\n#### Imaging Studies of the Shoulder\\n\\nImaging modality| Advantages| Disadvantages \\n---|---|--- \\n \\nMRI\\n\\n|\\n\\n95% sensitivity and specificity in detecting complete rotator cuff tears, cuff\\ndegeneration, chronic tendonitis and partial cuff tears\\n\\n|\\n\\nOften identifies an apparent “abnormality” in an asymptomatic patient \\n \\nNo ionizing radiation \\n \\nArthrography\\n\\n|\\n\\nGood at identifying complete rotator cuff tear or adhesive capsulitis (frozen\\nshoulder)\\n\\n|\\n\\nInvasive \\n \\nRelatively poor at diagnosing a partial rotator cuff tear \\n \\nUltrasonography\\n\\n|\\n\\nAccurately diagnoses complete rotator cuff tears\\n\\n|\\n\\nLess useful in identifying partial cuff tears \\n \\nOperator-dependent interpretation \\n \\nMRI arthrography\\n\\n|\\n\\nReliably identifies full-thickness rotator cuff tears and labral tears\\n\\n|\\n\\nInvasive \\n \\nCT scanning\\n\\n|\\n\\nMay be useful in diagnosis of subtle dislocation\\n\\n|\\n\\nIonizing radiation \\n \\nMRI = magnetic resonance imaging; CT = computed tomographic.\\n\\nTreatment consists of surgical repair in younger and selected older patients\\nor rehabilitation in patients who are not good candidates for surgery. Early\\nidentification of a rotator cuff tear is important so that consultation for\\npossible surgical repair can be considered. Repair within three weeks of\\ninjury is recommended to avoid tendon retraction, reinjury, tendon\\ndegeneration and muscle atrophy.\\n\\n## Impingement Syndrome\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nThe rotator cuff occupies the space between the coracoacromial arch and the\\nhumerus. With abduction of the arm, the tendons of the rotator cuff can be\\nimpinged between the bony structures of the arch and the humerus. The\\nimpingement syndrome was described by Neer17,18 as a series of pathologic\\nchanges in the supraspinatus tendon: stage I causes hemorrhage and edema;\\nstage II, tendonitis and fibrosis; and stage III, tendon degeneration of the\\nrotator cuff and biceps, bony changes and tendon rupture.\\n\\nPain related to impingement usually occurs over the anterolateral aspect of\\nthe shoulder, often with some radiation to, but not usually beyond, the elbow.\\nTypically, the pain is aggravated by overhead activity and is worse at night.\\nPatients often report a clicking or popping sensation in the affected\\nshoulder. In young throwing athletes with these symptoms, however, the\\nexaminer should be concerned about the possibility of a labral disorder.\\nBiceps tendonitis frequently occurs in the later stages of impingement, and\\nrehabilitation can help correct this problem.19\\n\\nThe examiner should distinguish between primary and secondary impingement.\\nInitial treatment of both conditions is conservative, but when conservative\\ntreatment fails, the surgical approach to the two problems differs markedly.\\nSymptoms in older patients usually reflect chronic overuse and degeneration of\\nthe supraspinatus tendon. This process is referred to as primary impingement.\\nFor instance, a 65-year-old patient with anterior shoulder pain probably has\\nprimary outlet impingement. In contrast, a 17-year-old baseball pitcher is\\nmore likely to have secondary impingement, with an underlying problem of\\ninstability. This patient will often complain of arm heaviness and numbness\\n(“dead arm” syndrome) rather than shoulder pain.20\\n\\nTherefore, the primary diagnosis in younger throwing athletes is typically\\nsubtle glenohumeral instability with secondary impingement and subacromial\\nbursitis noted on examination. Weakness in the scapular stabilizers can play\\nan important role in the development of shoulder problems, particularly in\\nathletes.21 Repeated stresses from overhead motions like throwing can lead to\\nfatigue of the muscles that stabilize the humeral head and prevent anterior\\nsubluxation. Secondary impingement, therefore, can occur when the fatigue and\\ndysfunction of the rotator cuff cause the humeral head to migrate superiorly\\nwithin the glenohumeral joint, impinging the rotator cuff tendon under the\\ncoracoacromial arch.\\n\\nOther causes of impingement include a curved or hooked acromion, AC spurring\\nand a thickened coracoacromial ligament.22 Radiographs should be considered if\\na patient shows no improvement after two to three months of conservative\\ntherapy for presumed impingement syndrome (Table 4).23 Degenerative changes at\\nthe AC joint, sclerosis, osteophyte formation at the inferior aspect of the\\nacromion and sclerosis or cyst formation at the site of supraspinatus tendon\\ninsertion into the greater tuberosity should increase the clinician's\\nsuspicion of impingement and chronic rotator cuff tears. In some cases,\\nmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other imaging studies (Table 3) may be\\nnecessary. T_2-weighted MRI has a reported accuracy of 84 to 100 percent in\\nthe diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.15,16\\n\\nView/Print Table\\n\\nTABLE 4\\n\\n#### Suggested Radiographs for Anterior Shoulder Pain\\n\\nRadiograph| Abnormality best visualized \\n---|--- \\n \\nAP view of glenohumeral joint\\n\\n|\\n\\nDegenerative glenohumeral changes \\n \\nAC joint\\n\\n|\\n\\nAC degenerative changes \\n \\nAC joint separation \\n \\nDistal clavicle fracture \\n \\nAxillary lateral view of shoulder\\n\\n|\\n\\nGlenohumeral dislocation \\n \\nBony Bankart lesion* \\n \\nSupraspinatus outlet (arch)\\n\\n|\\n\\nAbnormality of acromion process \\n \\nDegenerative changes of anterior acromion \\n \\nAP = anteroposterior; AC = acromioclavicular.\\n\\n*—Avulsion fracture of the glenoid.\\n\\nAdapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and\\nsubacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\\n\\nTABLE 4\\n\\n#### Suggested Radiographs for Anterior Shoulder Pain\\n\\nRadiograph| Abnormality best visualized \\n---|--- \\n \\nAP view of glenohumeral joint\\n\\n|\\n\\nDegenerative glenohumeral changes \\n \\nAC joint\\n\\n|\\n\\nAC degenerative changes \\n \\nAC joint separation \\n \\nDistal clavicle fracture \\n \\nAxillary lateral view of shoulder\\n\\n|\\n\\nGlenohumeral dislocation \\n \\nBony Bankart lesion* \\n \\nSupraspinatus outlet (arch)\\n\\n|\\n\\nAbnormality of acromion process \\n \\nDegenerative changes of anterior acromion \\n \\nAP = anteroposterior; AC = acromioclavicular.\\n\\n*—Avulsion fracture of the glenoid.\\n\\nAdapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and\\nsubacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\\n\\nInitial treatment of most patients with impingement syndrome (primary and\\nsecondary) is conservative, especially in the acute phase of pain: rest,\\nnonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), icing and avoiding aggravating\\nactivities. It may be necessary to modify the patient's work activities,\\nparticularly overhead lifting. After most of the pain has resolved, a rotator\\ncuff strengthening program should be instituted. In some patients,\\nparticularly athletes with secondary impingement, scapular rotator cuff\\nstrengthening also should be incorporated into the physical therapy program.\\nAthletes with secondary impingement and underlying instability who fail to\\nshow improvement with conservative therapy should be referred for\\nconsideration of a stabilization procedure. In contrast, an older patient with\\nprimary impingement would probably undergo open or arthroscopic subacromial\\ndecompression.\\n\\nA corticosteroid injection can be therapeutic and diagnostic in patients with\\nimpingement syndrome. If the diagnosis of impingement is uncertain, lidocaine\\n(Xylocaine) and/or bupivacaine (Marcaine) can be injected into the subacromial\\nspace. After the drug has dispersed for several minutes, impingement tests can\\nbe repeated. A decrease in pain increases the certainty that impingement is\\nthe primary process. Corticosteroids are often combined with anesthetics in\\nthis procedure. A recent randomized, double-blind study24 noted significant\\nshort-term relief of subacromial impingement symptoms with corticosteroid\\ninjections.\\n\\n## Frozen Shoulder\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nAdhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, results from thickening and\\ncontraction of the capsule around the glenohumeral joint and causes loss of\\nmotion and pain. Frozen shoulder classically consists of shoulder pain that is\\nslow in onset and presents without any radiographic abnormalities. Usually,\\nthe discomfort is localized near the deltoid insertion, the patient is unable\\nto sleep on the affected side and glenohumeral elevation and external rotation\\nare restricted.\\n\\nFrozen shoulder most often occurs as a result of immobility following a\\nshoulder injury. An autoimmune cause of frozen shoulder has been\\nproposed.25,26 The diagnosis is usually made clinically, and physicians should\\nalways be concerned about a possible underlying rotator cuff tear. Radiographs\\noften appear normal, although osteopenia of the humeral head may be noted as a\\nresult of disuse. Arthrography demonstrates generalized constriction of the\\njoint capsule, with loss of the normal axillary and subscapularis spaces\\n(Table 3). The capsule can be dilated during arthrography, converting the\\nprocedure from a diagnostic to a therapeutic one.\\n\\nA carefully designed treatment plan for patients with frozen shoulder may\\ninclude physical therapy, pain medication such as NSAIDs and, occasionally,\\nintra-articular corticosteroid injection. Surgical referral may be indicated\\nafter conservative treatment has failed, although the exact timing of surgery\\nshould be decided on an individual basis.\\n\\n## Biceps Tendonitis\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nBiceps tendonitis results from inflammation of the sheath around the long head\\nof the biceps and is usually manifested by discrete pain and tenderness in the\\narea of the bicipital groove, often occurring concomitantly with impingement\\nsyndrome or rotator cuff tear. Management is usually conservative; rest,\\nicing, NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections may all be helpful. When\\nconservative management fails, surgical transfer of the tendon may be\\nnecessary.\\n\\n## Labral Injury\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nThe SLAP lesion (superior labrum anterior and posterior) and other glenoid\\nlabral tears are common in throwing athletes who present with a painful\\nshoulder that clicks or pops with motion. Patients often have a positive\\n“clunk” test,27 especially in the overhead position. They may have tenderness\\nto deep palpation over the anterior glenohumeral joint and signs of laxity or\\ninstability. Plain films are often normal, and MRI arthrography may be needed\\nto view the torn labrum (Table 3). For patients who do not respond to rest,\\nNSAIDs and physical therapy, arthroscopic or open surgical repair may be\\nindicated.\\n\\n## Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nArthritis of the glenohumeral joint generally causes pain with activity, loss\\nof passive motion and stiffness. Some patients may complain of nighttime pain.\\nCauses of arthritis include previous trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, rotator\\ncuff tear and Lyme disease. Multiple joint involvement is suggestive of\\nrheumatoid arthritis.\\n\\nAn AP view of the glenohumeral joint will usually reveal degenerative changes\\nand loss of joint space (Table 2). Treatment is initially conservative, using\\nheat and ice, NSAIDs, range-of-motion exercises and corticosteroid injections.\\nPatients for whom conservative therapy fails can be referred for further\\nevaluation and treatment.\\n\\n## Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n\\nJump to section +\\n\\n * Abstract\\n * Clavicular Fractures\\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\\n * Scapular Fractures\\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\\n * Impingement Syndrome\\n * Frozen Shoulder\\n * Biceps Tendonitis\\n * Labral Injury\\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\\n * References\\n\\nAtraumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle is an unusual injury that occurs\\nmost often in weight lifters.28 Although its cause remains obscure, the\\nproblem most likely begins as a stress fracture. Subsequent bone resorption\\ncauses cystic and erosive changes, and bone remodeling cannot occur because of\\nthe continual stress imposed on the joint. Patients typically have dull pain\\nover the AC joint, which is often worst at the beginning of an exercise\\nperiod. Any movement requiring abduction of the arm more than 90 degrees is\\npainful.\\n\\nPlain films of the AC joint and clavicle usually confirm the diagnosis. Key\\nfindings include osteopenia and lucency in the distal clavicle (Figure 5).\\nTreatment consists of discontinuing load-bearing activity. Conservative\\nmanagement should be used for as long as the patient will comply.\\nConsideration for resection of the distal clavicle should be individualized\\naccording to each patient's functional demands and symptoms.\\n\\nView/Print Figure\\n\\nFIGURE 5.\\n\\nOsteopenia and lucency in a patient with osteolysis of the distal clavicle.\\n\\nFIGURE 5.\\n\\nOsteopenia and lucency in a patient with osteolysis of the distal clavicle.\\n\\nRead the full article.\\n\\n * Get immediate access, anytime, anywhere.\\n * Choose a single article, issue, or full-access subscription.\\n * Earn up to 6 CME credits per issue.\\n\\nAlready a member/subscriber?\\n\\nLog in >>\\n\\n|\\n\\nPurchase Access: See My Optionsclose\\n\\nAlready a member or subscriber? Log in\\n\\nBest Value!\\n\\nGet Full Access\\n\\nFrom $140\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\n * Includes:\\n * Immediate, unlimited access to all AFP content\\n * More than 130 CME credits per year\\n * Access to the AFP app\\n * Print delivery option\\n\\nAccess This Issue\\n\\n$39.95\\n\\n * Includes:\\n * Immediate access to this issue\\n * CME credits in this issue\\n\\nAccess This Article\\n\\n$20.95\\n\\n * Includes:\\n * Immediate access to this article\\n\\n \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nTo see the full article, log in or purchase access.\\n\\n### REFERENCES\\n\\nshow all references\\n\\n1\\\\. Butcher JD, Zukowski CW, Brannen SJ, Fieseler C, O'Connor FG, Farrish S,\\net al. Patient profile, referral sources, and consultant utilization in a\\nprimary care sports medicine clinic. J Fam Pract. 1996;43:556–60....\\n\\n2\\\\. Craig EV. Fractures of the clavicle. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz\\nRW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.:\\nLippincott-Raven, 1996:1109–71.\\n\\n3\\\\. Newberg AH. The radiographic evaluation of shoulder and elbow pain in the\\nathlete. Clin Sports Med. 1987;6:785–809.\\n\\n4\\\\. Neer CS 2d. Displaced proximal humeral fractures: I. Classification and\\nevaluation. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1970;52:1077–89.\\n\\n5\\\\. Butters KP. Fractures and dislocations of the scapula. In: Rockwood CA Jr,\\nGreen DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed.\\nPhiladelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1163–92.\\n\\n6\\\\. Habermeyer P, Schuller U, Wiedemann E. The intra-articular pressure of the\\nshoulder: an experimental study on the role of the glenoid labrum in\\nstabilizing the joint. Arthroscopy. 1992;8:166–72.\\n\\n7\\\\. Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R, Thorling J.\\nPrimary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a ten-year\\nprospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1996;78:1677–84.\\n\\n8\\\\. Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, McBride JT. Arthroscopic Bankart repair\\nversus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder\\ndislocations. Am J Sports Med. 1994;22:589–94.\\n\\n9\\\\. Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, Arciero RA, Molinari RN. Arthroscopic versus\\nnonoperative treatment of acute shoulder dislocations in young athletes.\\nArthroscopy. 1989;5:213–7.\\n\\n10\\\\. Rowe CR, Sakellarieds HT. Factors related to recurrences of anterior\\ndislocations of the shoulder. Clin Orthop. 1961;20:40–8.\\n\\n11\\\\. McLaughlin HL, MacLellan DI. Recurrent anterior dislocation of the\\nshoulder: II. A comparative study. J Trauma. 1967;7:191–201.\\n\\n12\\\\. Rowe CR, Patel D, Southmayd WW. The Bankart procedure: a long-term end-\\nresult study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1978;60:1–16.\\n\\n13\\\\. Rockwood CA Jr, Williams GR, Young DC. Injuries to the acromioclavicular\\njoint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's\\nFractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven,\\n1996:1341–407.\\n\\n14\\\\. Rockwood CA Jr. Disorders of the sternoclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA\\nJr, Matsen FA, eds. The shoulder. 2d ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders, 1998.\\n\\n15\\\\. Herzog RJ. Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg\\n[Am]. 1997;79:933–53.\\n\\n16\\\\. Burk DL Jr, Karasick D, Kurtz AB, Mitchell DG, Rifkin MD, Miller CL, et\\nal. Rotator cuff tears: prospective comparison of MR imaging with\\narthrography, sonography, and surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153:87–92.\\n\\n17\\\\. Neer CS 2d. Impingement lesions. Clin Orthop. 1983:70–7.\\n\\n18\\\\. Neer CS 2d. Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome\\nin the shoulder: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1972;54:41–50.\\n\\n19\\\\. Hawkins RJ, Kennedy JC. Impingement syndrome in athletes. Am J Sports\\nMed. 1980;8:151–8.\\n\\n20\\\\. Rowe CR, Zarins B. Recurrent transient subluxation of the shoulder. J\\nBone Joint Surg [Am]. 1981;63:863–72.\\n\\n21\\\\. Chandler TJ, Kibler WB, Stracener EC, Ziegler AK, Pace B. Shoulder\\nstrength, power, and endurance in college tennis players. Am J Sports Med.\\n1992;20:455–8.\\n\\n22\\\\. Bigliani LU, Morrison DS, April EW. The morphology of the acromion and\\nits relationship to rotator cuff tears [Abstract]. Orthop Trans. 1986;10:228.\\n\\n23\\\\. Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement\\nsyndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\\n\\n24\\\\. Blair B, Rokito AS, Cuomo F, Jarolem K, Zuckerman JD. Efficacy of\\ninjections of corticosteroids for sub-acromial impingement syndrome. J Bone\\nJoint Surg [Am]. 1996;78:1685–9.\\n\\n25\\\\. Bulgen DY, Binder A, Hazleman BL, Park JR. Immunological studies in\\nfrozen shoulder. J Rheumatol. 1982;9:893–8.\\n\\n26\\\\. Bulgen DY, Hazleman BL, Voak D. HLA-B27 and frozen shoulder. Lancet.\\n1976;1(7968):1042–4.\\n\\n27\\\\. Woodward TW, Best TM. The painful shoulder: I. clinical evaluation. Am\\nFam Physician. 2000;61:3079–88.\\n\\n28\\\\. Scavenius M, Iversen BF. Nontraumatic clavicular osteolysis in weight\\nlifters. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:463–7.\\n\\nMembers of various family practice departments develop articles for “Problem-\\nOriented Diagnosis.” This article is one in a series coordinated by the\\nDepartment of Family Medicine at the University of Wisconsin Medical School,\\nMadison. Guest editor of the series is William E. Scheckler, M.D.\\n\\nCopyright © 2000 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is\\nowned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the\\nmaterial and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-\\ncommercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied,\\nprinted, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or\\nlater invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact\\nafpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests.\\n\\n * PRINT\\n * COMMENTS\\n\\nWant to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nMore in AFP\\n\\n#### Editor's Collections\\n\\n * Musculoskeletal Care\\n\\n#### Related Content\\n\\n * Musculoskeletal Care\\n * Shoulder Disorders\\n\\nMore in Pubmed\\n\\n * Citation\\n * Related Articles\\n\\nMOST RECENT ISSUE\\n\\nMay 1, 2021\\n\\nAccess the latest issue of American Family Physician\\n\\nRead the Issue\\n\\n#### Email Alerts\\n\\nDon't miss a single issue. Sign up for the free AFP email table of contents.\\n\\nSign Up Now\\n\\nNavigate this Article\\n\\n## Continue reading from June 1, 2000\\n\\nPrevious: Diary from a Week in Practice\\n\\nNext: Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis\\n\\nView the full table of contents >>\\n\\nHome / Journals / afp / Vol. 61/No. 11(June 1, 2000) / The Painful Shoulder:\\nPart II. Acute and Chronic Disorders\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 American Academy of Family Physicians. All rights Reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418061338/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Please confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. Log out Cancel\",\n \"In nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) exposures, the clinician should elicit information on the agent ingested, the amount ingested, and the time of ingestion. The most toxic effects are reported after ingestion of phenylbutazone (Butazolidin; no longer available for human use in the United States), mefenamic acid (Ponstel), and meclofenamate sodium (Meclomen); however, all NSAIDS can have untoward effects.\",\n \"Most NSAID exposures are mild-to-moderate ingestions with low levels of symptom severity that include general gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, and mild chemistry and electrolyte abnormalities that resolve rapidly with supportive care.\",\n \"In large ingestions, some patients may develop an altered level of consciousness evolving to coma with progressive and sometimes refractory metabolic acidosis and evolving multisystem organ failure. Seizures may be involved and are seen with increased frequency in certain classes of NSAIDs such as the pyrazolones and fenamates (eg, phenylbutazone and mefenamic acid, respectively).\",\n \"Other NSAIDs are usually less toxic than those mentioned above. Doses of 100 mg/kg or less of ibuprofen, the most widely used NSAID, generally cause minimal symptoms; life-threatening situations do not typically occur until ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more.\",\n \"Nomograms that correlate time and amount of drug ingested are not reliable for predicting outcome. Patients with recent significant ingestion of anthranilic acids derivatives (fenamates), as well as pyrazolones, require close observation for approximately 24 hours for signs of early severe poisoning.\",\n \"NSAIDs are implicated in nearly 25% of all adverse drug reactions, with the most commonly reported effects being GI irritation. NSAIDs increase the relative risk of GI hemorrhage by approximately three-fold, although estimations as high as 10-fold have been reported in the literature.^ [3]\",\n \"The second most common type of adverse effect occurring with NSAID use involves the renal system. In the setting of high angiotensin and low intravascular flow (eg, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, or dehydration), NSAID-induced decrease in prostaglandins leads to a decrease in renal blood flow and subsequently the glomerular filtration rate. Retention of salt, water, and potassium may ensue. Congestive heart failure may be exacerbated by concomitant use of NSAIDs.^ [4]\",\n \"The possibility of co-ingestants should always be considered and is based on the history and examination findings. In general, patients with isolated NSAID overdose are asymptomatic or have mild GI upset (dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain). At higher doses, patients may exhibit CNS symptoms, including drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, and nystagmus. Massive overdoses may cause the patient to present comatose with refractory acidosis and multisystem organ failure. Co-ingestants should be considered in any drug overdose.\",\n \"In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 hours. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 hours. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.^ [5]\",\n \"Bradypnea or tachypnea may suggest early respiratory or metabolic acidosis. NSAIDs can promote salt and water retention and can antagonize beta-blockers, diuretics, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulting in an elevated blood pressure.\",\n \"Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic (but not specific) of symptomatic massive overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. Tremors or muscle twitching may portend seizures or coma. Analysis of NSAID overdose cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service, which included 10,398 single-drug exposures, found that mefenamic acid overdose is associated with a much larger and dose-related risk of CNS toxicity, especially convulsions, compared with overdose of ibuprofen, diclofenac, or naproxen.^ [6]\",\n \"Mild CNS symptoms may be nonspecific (eg, headache). Subtle mental status changes, such as difficulty concentrating or mild anxiety, may be observed. Patients with severe toxicity may be agitated and delirious, or they may be comatose to the point of requiring endotracheal intubation.\",\n \"Aspirin-sensitive individuals with asthma who ingest NSAIDs may present with wheezing or respiratory arrest. The reaction may also include flushed face and/or neck, conjunctivitis, rhinorrhea, and possibly angioedema.\",\n \"A rectal examination may reveal evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding and is mandatory in any patient who presents with acute or chronic toxicity.\",\n \"Delayed effects of severe poisonings include renal failure, hepatic failure, and platelet dysfunction. Look for generalized weakness, a sallow complexion, acidosis, heart failure, jaundice, liver tenderness, petechiae, and other signs of bleeding disorders.\",\n \"Poisoning by acute overdose of specific NSAIDs is best addressed by considering each of the seven chemical classifications (including salicylates). Fenamates and pyrazolones (eg, phenylbutazone) are the most toxic and should be managed most aggressively.\",\n \"Examples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate (not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to salicylic acid\",\n \"Hyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor, coma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only with doses exceeding 15 g.\",\n \"Severe poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system (eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the cardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\",\n \"Although the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone is available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has presented in southwestern United States)\",\n \"These drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting, diarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely within 24 h.\",\n \"Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients who developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \\\"twitching\\\" developed seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic).\",\n \"PO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg for intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative ketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\",\n \"Sulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal function. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation, seizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case of a 6-year-old who ingested, \\\"a bottle\\\" of indomethacin.\",\n \"Severe toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and hepatic dysfunction\",\n \"Headache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\",\n \"In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.\",\n \"Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\",\n \"Riley DJ, Weir M, Bakris GL. Renal adaptation to the failing heart. Avoiding a 'therapeutic misadventure'. Postgrad Med. 1994 Jun. 95(8):153-6. [Medline].\",\n \"Kamour A, Crichton S, Cooper G, Lupton DJ, Eddleston M, Vale JA, et al. Central nervous system toxicity of mefenamic acid overdose compared with other NSAIDs: an analysis of cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Apr. 83 (4):855-862. [Medline].\",\n \"Marciniak KE, Thomas IH, Brogan TV, Roberts JS, Czaja A, Mazor SS. Massive ibuprofen overdose requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiovascular support. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar. 8(2):180-2. [Medline].\",\n \"Yuan JQ, Tsoi KK, Yang M, Wang JY, Threapleton DE, Yang ZY, et al. Systematic review with network meta-analysis: comparative effectiveness and safety of strategies for preventing NSAID-associated gastrointestinal toxicity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jun. 43 (12):1262-75. [Medline].\",\n \"Rodriguez SC, Olguin AM, Miralles CP, Viladrich PF. Characteristics of meningitis caused by Ibuprofen: report of 2 cases with recurrent episodes and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006 Jul. 85(4):214-20. [Medline].\",\n \"Boelsterli UA, Redinbo MR, Saitta K. Multiple NSAID-induced hits injure the small intestine: Underlying mechanisms and novel strategies. Toxicol Sci. 2012 Oct 22. [Medline].\",\n \"Singh G. Gastrointestinal complications of prescription and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a view from the ARAMIS database. Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System. Am J Ther. 2000 Mar. 7(2):115-21. [Medline].\",\n \"Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, Shi H, Hatoum HT, Fries JF. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22. 156(14):1530-6. [Medline].\",\n \"Baron JA, Sandler RS, Bresalier RS, et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib: final analysis of the APPROVe trial. Lancet. 2008 Nov 15. 372(9651):1756-64. [Medline].\",\n \"Belson MT and Watson WA. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Nelson, LS, eds. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. 8. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 573-579.\",\n \"Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A, et al. Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 23. 343(21):1520-8, 2 p following 1528. [Medline].\",\n \"Garcia Rodriguez LA, Williams R, Derby LE, Dean AD, Jick H. Acute liver injury associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the role of risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Feb 14. 154(3):311-6. [Medline].\",\n \"Hoppmann RA, Peden JG, Ober SK. Central nervous system side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Aseptic meningitis, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Arch Intern Med. 1991 Jul. 151(7):1309-13. [Medline].\",\n \"Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Anderson TE, Mitchell AA. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: the Slone survey. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16. 287(3):337-44. [Medline].\",\n \"Konstam MA, Weir MR, Reicin A, et al. Cardiovascular thrombotic events in controlled, clinical trials of rofecoxib. Circulation. 2001 Nov 6. 104(19):2280-8. [Medline].\",\n \"Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\",\n \"McElwee NE, Veltri JC, Bradford DC, Rollins DE. A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted. Ann Emerg Med. 1990 Jun. 19(6):657-62. [Medline].\",\n \"Rostom A, Goldkind L, Laine L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hepatic toxicity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in arthritis patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 May. 3(5):489-98. [Medline].\",\n \"Solomon DH, Goodson NJ. The cardiovascular system in rheumatic disease: the newest \\\"extraarticular\\\" manifestation?. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug. 32(8):1415-7. [Medline].\",\n \"Verhamme KM, Dieleman JP, Van Wijk MA, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and increased risk of acute urinary retention. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Jul 11. 165(13):1547-51. [Medline].\",\n \"Examples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate (not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to salicylic acid\",\n \"Hyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor, coma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only with doses exceeding 15 g.\",\n \"Severe poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system (eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the cardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\",\n \"Although the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone is available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has presented in southwestern United States)\",\n \"These drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting, diarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely within 24 h.\",\n \"Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients who developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \\\"twitching\\\" developed seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic).\",\n \"PO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg for intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative ketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\",\n \"Sulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal function. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation, seizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case of a 6-year-old who ingested, \\\"a bottle\\\" of indomethacin.\",\n \"Severe toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and hepatic dysfunction\",\n \"Headache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\",\n \"In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.\",\n \"Lance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Association for Physician Leadership\",\n \"All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2021 by WebMD LLC. This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation:\\nHistory, Physical Examination\\n\\nFor You\\n\\nNews & Perspective\\n\\nDrugs & Diseases\\n\\nCME & Education\\n\\nAcademy\\n\\nVideo\\n\\nDecision Point\\n\\nEdition: ENGLISH\\n\\nDEUTSCH\\n\\nESPAÑOL\\n\\nFRANÇAIS\\n\\nPORTUGUÊS\\n\\nLog In\\n\\nSign Up It's Free!\\n\\nEdition: ENGLISH DEUTSCH ESPAÑOL FRANÇAIS PORTUGUÊS\\n\\nRegister Log In\\n\\nFor You News & Perspective Drugs & Diseases CME & Education Academy Video\\nDecision Point\\n\\nclose\\n\\nPlease confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you\\nwill be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit.\\nLog out Cancel\\n\\nhttps://profreg.medscape.com/px/getpracticeprofile.do?method=getProfessionalProfile&urlCache;=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbWVkaWNpbmUubWVkc2NhcGUuY29tL2FydGljbGUvODE2MTE3LWNsaW5pY2Fs\\n\\nprocessing....\\n\\nDrugs & Diseases > Emergency Medicine\\n\\n# Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation\\n\\nUpdated: May 30, 2020\\n\\n * Author: Timothy J Wiegand, MD; Chief Editor: Gil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP more...\\n\\n * Share\\n * Email\\n * Print\\n * Feedback\\n\\nClose\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * LinkedIn\\n * Google+\\n\\nSections\\n\\nNonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\\n\\n * Sections Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\\n\\n * Overview\\n\\n * Practice Essentials\\n * Pathophysiology\\n * Etiology\\n * Epidemiology\\n * Prognosis\\n * Show All\\n * Presentation\\n\\n * History\\n * Physical Examination\\n * Show All\\n * DDx\\n * Workup\\n\\n * Laboratory Studies\\n * Imaging Studies\\n * Other Tests\\n * Procedures\\n * Show All\\n * Treatment\\n\\n * Approach Considerations\\n * Consultations\\n * Prevention\\n * Show All\\n * Medication\\n\\n * Medication Summary\\n * GI decontaminant\\n * Alkalinizing agents\\n * Show All\\n * Tables\\n * References\\n\\nPresentation\\n\\n## History\\n\\n### Patient history\\n\\nIn nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) exposures, the clinician should\\nelicit information on the agent ingested, the amount ingested, and the time of\\ningestion. The most toxic effects are reported after ingestion of\\nphenylbutazone (Butazolidin; no longer available for human use in the United\\nStates), mefenamic acid (Ponstel), and meclofenamate sodium (Meclomen);\\nhowever, all NSAIDS can have untoward effects.\\n\\nAmount ingested\\n\\nMost NSAID exposures are mild-to-moderate ingestions with low levels of\\nsymptom severity that include general gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as\\nnausea and vomiting, and mild chemistry and electrolyte abnormalities that\\nresolve rapidly with supportive care.\\n\\nIn large ingestions, some patients may develop an altered level of\\nconsciousness evolving to coma with progressive and sometimes refractory\\nmetabolic acidosis and evolving multisystem organ failure. Seizures may be\\ninvolved and are seen with increased frequency in certain classes of NSAIDs\\nsuch as the pyrazolones and fenamates (eg, phenylbutazone and mefenamic acid,\\nrespectively).\\n\\nOther NSAIDs are usually less toxic than those mentioned above. Doses of 100\\nmg/kg or less of ibuprofen, the most widely used NSAID, generally cause\\nminimal symptoms; life-threatening situations do not typically occur until\\ningestions of 400 mg/kg or more.\\n\\nTime of ingestion\\n\\nNomograms that correlate time and amount of drug ingested are not reliable for\\npredicting outcome. Patients with recent significant ingestion of anthranilic\\nacids derivatives (fenamates), as well as pyrazolones, require close\\nobservation for approximately 24 hours for signs of early severe poisoning.\\n\\n### NSAIDs and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug interactions\\n\\nNSAIDs are implicated in nearly 25% of all adverse drug reactions, with the\\nmost commonly reported effects being GI irritation. NSAIDs increase the\\nrelative risk of GI hemorrhage by approximately three-fold, although\\nestimations as high as 10-fold have been reported in the literature.^ [3]\\n\\nThe second most common type of adverse effect occurring with NSAID use\\ninvolves the renal system. In the setting of high angiotensin and low\\nintravascular flow (eg, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, or dehydration),\\nNSAID-induced decrease in prostaglandins leads to a decrease in renal blood\\nflow and subsequently the glomerular filtration rate. Retention of salt,\\nwater, and potassium may ensue. Congestive heart failure may be exacerbated by\\nconcomitant use of NSAIDs.^ [4]\\n\\nConsiderable toxicity may result from interactions between NSAIDs and the\\nfollowing drugs:\\n\\n * Oral anticoagulants\\n\\n * Lithium\\n\\n * Oral hypoglycemic agents\\n\\n * Phenytoin\\n\\n * Methotrexate\\n\\n * Digoxin\\n\\n * Aminoglycosides\\n\\n### Co-ingestions\\n\\nThe possibility of co-ingestants should always be considered and is based on\\nthe history and examination findings. In general, patients with isolated NSAID\\noverdose are asymptomatic or have mild GI upset (dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting,\\nand abdominal pain). At higher doses, patients may exhibit CNS symptoms,\\nincluding drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, and nystagmus. Massive overdoses may\\ncause the patient to present comatose with refractory acidosis and multisystem\\norgan failure. Co-ingestants should be considered in any drug overdose.\\n\\nAny individual presenting with a history of NSAID overdose should have a serum\\nacetaminophen level obtained.\\n\\nNext:\\n\\n## Physical Examination\\n\\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\\ntypically within 4 hours. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 hours. In this study,\\ncoma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of\\nchildren. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with\\nseizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and\\nhepatic dysfunction.^ [5]\\n\\n### Vital signs\\n\\nBradypnea or tachypnea may suggest early respiratory or metabolic acidosis.\\nNSAIDs can promote salt and water retention and can antagonize beta-blockers,\\ndiuretics, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulting in an\\nelevated blood pressure.\\n\\nAn S_3 gallop or marked dysrhythmia may be noted if the patient presents with\\nworsening heart failure.\\n\\n### Central nervous system (CNS) findings\\n\\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic (but not specific)\\nof symptomatic massive overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. Tremors or\\nmuscle twitching may portend seizures or coma. Analysis of NSAID overdose\\ncases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service,\\nwhich included 10,398 single-drug exposures, found that mefenamic acid\\noverdose is associated with a much larger and dose-related risk of CNS\\ntoxicity, especially convulsions, compared with overdose of ibuprofen,\\ndiclofenac, or naproxen.^ [6]\\n\\nMild CNS symptoms may be nonspecific (eg, headache). Subtle mental status\\nchanges, such as difficulty concentrating or mild anxiety, may be observed.\\nPatients with severe toxicity may be agitated and delirious, or they may be\\ncomatose to the point of requiring endotracheal intubation.\\n\\nCase reports have also described tinnitus and transient hearing loss after\\nNSAID use.\\n\\n### Pulmonary findings\\n\\nAspirin-sensitive individuals with asthma who ingest NSAIDs may present with\\nwheezing or respiratory arrest. The reaction may also include flushed face\\nand/or neck, conjunctivitis, rhinorrhea, and possibly angioedema.\\n\\n### Gastrointestinal findings\\n\\nAlthough ulcers are unlikely and perforations very rare in acute overdose,\\npatients with gastrointestinal symptoms require thorough abdominal\\nexamination.\\n\\nA rectal examination may reveal evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding and is\\nmandatory in any patient who presents with acute or chronic toxicity.\\n\\n### Delayed manifestations\\n\\nDelayed effects of severe poisonings include renal failure, hepatic failure,\\nand platelet dysfunction. Look for generalized weakness, a sallow complexion,\\nacidosis, heart failure, jaundice, liver tenderness, petechiae, and other\\nsigns of bleeding disorders.\\n\\n### Manifestations by NSAID class\\n\\nPoisoning by acute overdose of specific NSAIDs is best addressed by\\nconsidering each of the seven chemical classifications (including\\nsalicylates). Fenamates and pyrazolones (eg, phenylbutazone) are the most\\ntoxic and should be managed most aggressively.\\n\\nTable 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs (Open Table in a new window)\\n\\nNSAID Drug Class\\n\\n|\\n\\nMaximum Daily Dose\\n\\n|\\n\\nHalf-Life\\n\\n|\\n\\nComments\\n\\n|\\n\\nClinical Symptoms \\n \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nSalicylates\\n\\nExamples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate\\n(not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to\\nsalicylic acid\\n\\n|\\n\\n1500 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n8-12 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate for discussion of acetylsalicylic acid\\ntoxicity\\n\\n|\\n\\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate\\n\\nDiflunisal: This NSAID commonly causes drowsiness, vomiting, and diarrhea.\\n\\nHyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor,\\ncoma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only\\nwith doses exceeding 15 g.\\n\\nThe lowest reported dose resulting in fatality is 15 g. \\n \\nPyrazolones\\n\\nExamples: Phenylbutazone\\n\\n|\\n\\n600 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n50-100 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nPyrazolones: Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin), one of the most toxic NSAIDs\\n\\nSymptoms of mild poisoning include nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness; no\\nlonger approved for human use in the US.\\n\\n|\\n\\nSevere poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system\\n(eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the\\ncardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory\\nacidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\\n\\nDelayed severe toxicity (2-7 d) includes renal, hepatic, and hematologic\\ndysfunction.\\n\\nAlthough the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone\\nis available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has\\npresented in southwestern United States) \\n \\nFenamates (anthranilic acids)\\n\\nExamples: Meclofenamate (Meclomen), mefenamic acid (Ponstel)\\n\\n|\\n\\n1000 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n2 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nThese drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting,\\ndiarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely\\nwithin 24 h.\\n\\n|\\n\\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic\\noverdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients\\nwho developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \\\"twitching\\\"\\ndeveloped seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic). \\n \\nAcetic acids\\n\\nExamples:\\n\\nDiclofenac (Voltaren),\\n\\netodolac(Lodine),\\n\\nindomethacin (Indocin),\\n\\nketorolac (Toradol, Sprix),\\n\\nsulindac (Clinoril)\\n\\n|\\n\\nPO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg\\nfor intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative\\nketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\\n\\n|\\n\\nTypically 8-30 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nSulindac is a prodrug. Peak concentrations may be delayed 2-5 h.\\n\\n|\\n\\nSulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal\\nfunction. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation,\\nseizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case\\nof a 6-year-old who ingested, \\\"a bottle\\\" of indomethacin.\\n\\nDiclofenac can cause nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, hallucinations, and acute\\nrenal failure (3 cases). \\n \\nCOX-2 inhibitors\\n\\nExamples: Celecoxib\\n\\n|\\n\\n400 mg -celecoxib\\n\\n|\\n\\n3-11 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nConsidered to be relatively safe\\n\\n|\\n\\nOnly available Cox-2 inhibitor in the US \\n \\nPropionic acids Examples:\\n\\nIbuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), carprofen (Rimadyl),\\nketoprofen (Orudis)\\n\\n|\\n\\nFor ibuprofen- 3200 mg and T1/2 3 h\\n\\nFor naproxen-\\n\\n1500 mg and T1/2 12-17 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nSevere toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400\\nmg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and\\nhepatic dysfunction\\n\\n|\\n\\nHeadache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the\\nmost common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\\n\\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\\ntypically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma,\\napnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children.\\nIngestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures,\\napnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic\\ndysfunction. \\n \\nOxicams Examples:\\n\\nPiroxicam (Feldene)\\n\\n|\\n\\n20 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n45-50 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nOccasionally, these NSAIDs can cause dizziness, blurred vision, seizures, and\\ncoma. \\n \\nPrevious\\n\\nDifferential Diagnoses\\n\\n###### References\\n\\n 1. Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Brooks DE, Beuhler MC, Rivers LJ, et al. 2018 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 36th Annual Report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2019 Dec. 57 (12):1220-1413. [Medline]. [Full Text].\\n\\n 2. Sheridan DC, Hendrickson RG, Lin AL, Fu R, Horowitz BZ. Adolescent Suicidal Ingestion: National Trends Over a Decade. J Adolesc Health. 2017 Feb. 60 (2):191-195. [Medline].\\n\\n 3. Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\\n\\n 4. Riley DJ, Weir M, Bakris GL. Renal adaptation to the failing heart. Avoiding a 'therapeutic misadventure'. Postgrad Med. 1994 Jun. 95(8):153-6. [Medline].\\n\\n 5. Hall AH, Smolinske SC, Conrad FL, et al. Ibuprofen overdose: 126 cases. Ann Emerg Med. 1986 Nov. 15(11):1308-13. [Medline].\\n\\n 6. Kamour A, Crichton S, Cooper G, Lupton DJ, Eddleston M, Vale JA, et al. Central nervous system toxicity of mefenamic acid overdose compared with other NSAIDs: an analysis of cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Apr. 83 (4):855-862. [Medline].\\n\\n 7. Marciniak KE, Thomas IH, Brogan TV, Roberts JS, Czaja A, Mazor SS. Massive ibuprofen overdose requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiovascular support. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar. 8(2):180-2. [Medline].\\n\\n 8. Yuan JQ, Tsoi KK, Yang M, Wang JY, Threapleton DE, Yang ZY, et al. Systematic review with network meta-analysis: comparative effectiveness and safety of strategies for preventing NSAID-associated gastrointestinal toxicity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jun. 43 (12):1262-75. [Medline].\\n\\n 9. Chen HW, Chen KC, Chen JS. Colchicine and NSAID Combination Causing Acute Kidney Injury. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2012 Nov. 22(11):737-9. [Medline].\\n\\n 10. Gulmez SE, Larrey D, Pageaux GP, Lignot-Maleyran S, de Vries C, Sturkenboom M, et al. Methodology for a multinational case-population study on liver toxicity risks with NSAIDs: the Study of Acute Liver Transplant (SALT). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Aug 10. [Medline].\\n\\n 11. Rodriguez SC, Olguin AM, Miralles CP, Viladrich PF. Characteristics of meningitis caused by Ibuprofen: report of 2 cases with recurrent episodes and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006 Jul. 85(4):214-20. [Medline].\\n\\n 12. Boelsterli UA, Redinbo MR, Saitta K. Multiple NSAID-induced hits injure the small intestine: Underlying mechanisms and novel strategies. Toxicol Sci. 2012 Oct 22. [Medline].\\n\\n 13. Singh G. Gastrointestinal complications of prescription and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a view from the ARAMIS database. Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System. Am J Ther. 2000 Mar. 7(2):115-21. [Medline].\\n\\n 14. Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, Shi H, Hatoum HT, Fries JF. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22. 156(14):1530-6. [Medline].\\n\\n 15. Solomon DH, Glynn RJ, Levin R, Avorn J. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and acute myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med. 2002 May 27. 162(10):1099-104. [Medline].\\n\\n 16. Baron JA, Sandler RS, Bresalier RS, et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib: final analysis of the APPROVe trial. Lancet. 2008 Nov 15. 372(9651):1756-64. [Medline].\\n\\n 17. Aithal GP, Day CP. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Clin Liver Dis. 2007 Aug. 11(3):563-75, vi-vii. [Medline].\\n\\n 18. Belson MT and Watson WA. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Nelson, LS, eds. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. 8. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 573-579.\\n\\n 19. Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A, et al. Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 23. 343(21):1520-8, 2 p following 1528. [Medline].\\n\\n 20. Bryson P. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Comprehensive Review in Toxicology. 2nd ed. Aspen Publishers; 1989. 445-54.\\n\\n 21. Colburn KK, Flores R. The Role of COX-2 Inhibitors in Emergency and Acute Care Medicine. Emergency Medicine Reports. 2000. 21(3):\\n\\n 22. Garcia Rodriguez LA, Williams R, Derby LE, Dean AD, Jick H. Acute liver injury associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the role of risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Feb 14. 154(3):311-6. [Medline].\\n\\n 23. Hillis WS. Areas of emerging interest in analgesia: cardiovascular complications. Am J Ther. 2002 May-Jun. 9(3):259-69. [Medline].\\n\\n 24. Hoppmann RA, Peden JG, Ober SK. Central nervous system side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Aseptic meningitis, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Arch Intern Med. 1991 Jul. 151(7):1309-13. [Medline].\\n\\n 25. Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Anderson TE, Mitchell AA. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: the Slone survey. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16. 287(3):337-44. [Medline].\\n\\n 26. Konstam MA, Weir MR, Reicin A, et al. Cardiovascular thrombotic events in controlled, clinical trials of rofecoxib. Circulation. 2001 Nov 6. 104(19):2280-8. [Medline].\\n\\n 27. Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\\n\\n 28. McElwee NE, Veltri JC, Bradford DC, Rollins DE. A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted. Ann Emerg Med. 1990 Jun. 19(6):657-62. [Medline].\\n\\n 29. Nephrotoxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Lancet. 1994 Aug 20. 344(8921):515-8. [Medline].\\n\\n 30. Rostom A, Goldkind L, Laine L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hepatic toxicity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in arthritis patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 May. 3(5):489-98. [Medline].\\n\\n 31. Solomon DH, Goodson NJ. The cardiovascular system in rheumatic disease: the newest \\\"extraarticular\\\" manifestation?. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug. 32(8):1415-7. [Medline].\\n\\n 32. Tai, WW. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Olson KR. Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 5. New York, NY: Lange Medical Books and McGraw-Hill; 2007. 284-287.\\n\\n 33. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee. September 2002. 19-20:[Full Text].\\n\\n 34. Verhamme KM, Dieleman JP, Van Wijk MA, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and increased risk of acute urinary retention. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Jul 11. 165(13):1547-51. [Medline].\\n\\nMedia Gallery\\n\\nof 0\\n\\n###### Tables\\n\\n * Table 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs\\n\\nTable 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs\\n\\nNSAID Drug Class\\n\\n|\\n\\nMaximum Daily Dose\\n\\n|\\n\\nHalf-Life\\n\\n|\\n\\nComments\\n\\n|\\n\\nClinical Symptoms \\n \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nSalicylates\\n\\nExamples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate\\n(not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to\\nsalicylic acid\\n\\n|\\n\\n1500 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n8-12 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate for discussion of acetylsalicylic acid\\ntoxicity\\n\\n|\\n\\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate\\n\\nDiflunisal: This NSAID commonly causes drowsiness, vomiting, and diarrhea.\\n\\nHyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor,\\ncoma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only\\nwith doses exceeding 15 g.\\n\\nThe lowest reported dose resulting in fatality is 15 g. \\n \\nPyrazolones\\n\\nExamples: Phenylbutazone\\n\\n|\\n\\n600 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n50-100 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nPyrazolones: Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin), one of the most toxic NSAIDs\\n\\nSymptoms of mild poisoning include nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness; no\\nlonger approved for human use in the US.\\n\\n|\\n\\nSevere poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system\\n(eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the\\ncardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory\\nacidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\\n\\nDelayed severe toxicity (2-7 d) includes renal, hepatic, and hematologic\\ndysfunction.\\n\\nAlthough the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone\\nis available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has\\npresented in southwestern United States) \\n \\nFenamates (anthranilic acids)\\n\\nExamples: Meclofenamate (Meclomen), mefenamic acid (Ponstel)\\n\\n|\\n\\n1000 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n2 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nThese drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting,\\ndiarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely\\nwithin 24 h.\\n\\n|\\n\\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic\\noverdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients\\nwho developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \\\"twitching\\\"\\ndeveloped seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic). \\n \\nAcetic acids\\n\\nExamples:\\n\\nDiclofenac (Voltaren),\\n\\netodolac(Lodine),\\n\\nindomethacin (Indocin),\\n\\nketorolac (Toradol, Sprix),\\n\\nsulindac (Clinoril)\\n\\n|\\n\\nPO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg\\nfor intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative\\nketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\\n\\n|\\n\\nTypically 8-30 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nSulindac is a prodrug. Peak concentrations may be delayed 2-5 h.\\n\\n|\\n\\nSulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal\\nfunction. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation,\\nseizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case\\nof a 6-year-old who ingested, \\\"a bottle\\\" of indomethacin.\\n\\nDiclofenac can cause nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, hallucinations, and acute\\nrenal failure (3 cases). \\n \\nCOX-2 inhibitors\\n\\nExamples: Celecoxib\\n\\n|\\n\\n400 mg -celecoxib\\n\\n|\\n\\n3-11 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nConsidered to be relatively safe\\n\\n|\\n\\nOnly available Cox-2 inhibitor in the US \\n \\nPropionic acids Examples:\\n\\nIbuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), carprofen (Rimadyl),\\nketoprofen (Orudis)\\n\\n|\\n\\nFor ibuprofen- 3200 mg and T1/2 3 h\\n\\nFor naproxen-\\n\\n1500 mg and T1/2 12-17 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nSevere toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400\\nmg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and\\nhepatic dysfunction\\n\\n|\\n\\nHeadache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the\\nmost common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\\n\\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\\ntypically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma,\\napnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children.\\nIngestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures,\\napnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic\\ndysfunction. \\n \\nOxicams Examples:\\n\\nPiroxicam (Feldene)\\n\\n|\\n\\n20 mg\\n\\n|\\n\\n45-50 h\\n\\n|\\n\\nOccasionally, these NSAIDs can cause dizziness, blurred vision, seizures, and\\ncoma. \\n \\nBack to List\\n\\n###### Contributor Information and Disclosures\\n\\nAuthor\\n\\nTimothy J Wiegand, MD Director, Ruth A Lawrence Poison and Drug Information\\nCenter, Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine and Emergency Medicine,\\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center and Strong Memorial Hospital\\n\\nTimothy J Wiegand, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American\\nAcademy of Clinical Toxicology, American College of Medical Toxicology,\\nAmerican College of Physicians\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nCoauthor(s)\\n\\nConstance M Vernetti, MD Resident Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine,\\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center\\n\\nConstance M Vernetti, MD is a member of the following medical societies:\\nSociety for Academic Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Residents'\\nAssociation\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nSpecialty Editor Board\\n\\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD Regional Director of Pharmacy, Sacred Heart and St\\nJoseph's Hospitals\\n\\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies:\\nAmerican Society of Health-System Pharmacists\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nFred Harchelroad, MD, FACMT, FAAEM, FACEP Attending Physician in Emergency\\nMedicine and Medical Toxicology, Excela Health System\\n\\nFred Harchelroad, MD, FACMT, FAAEM, FACEP is a member of the following medical\\nsocieties: American College of Medical Toxicology\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nChief Editor\\n\\nGil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency\\nMedicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California;\\nChief Medical Information Officer, Keck Medicine of USC\\n\\nGil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies:\\nAmerican College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics\\nAssociation\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nAdditional Contributors\\n\\nLance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM Staff Physician, Teladoc Health;\\nPresident and Chief Executive Officer, QED Medical Solutions, LLC\\n\\nLance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM is a member of the following medical\\nsocieties: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Association for\\nPhysician Leadership\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nAsim Tarabar, MD Assistant Professor, Director, Medical Toxicology, Department\\nof Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff,\\nDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nAcknowledgements\\n\\nMichele B Delenick, MD Hospitalist, Maine Hospitalist Service, Department of\\nInternal Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland\\n\\nMichele B Delenick, MD is a member of the following medical societies:\\nAmerican College of Physicians\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nNeesha Suresh Desai, MD, MPH Staff Physician, Department of Emergency\\nMedicine, New York University Hospital, Bellevue Hospital Center\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nJingjing Hu, MD Attending Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, Maine\\nMedical Center, Portland\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nGregory S Johnston, MD Attending Physician, Beth Israel Medical Center\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nCarlyn Ko, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Premier\\nHealthcare\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nFred Tilden, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Services, MidState\\nMedical Center\\n\\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\\n\\nClose\\n\\n###### What would you like to print?\\n\\nWhat would you like to print?\\n\\n * Print this section\\n * Print the entire contents of\\n * Print the entire contents of article\\n\\n * Sections Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\\n\\n * Overview\\n\\n * Practice Essentials\\n * Pathophysiology\\n * Etiology\\n * Epidemiology\\n * Prognosis\\n * Show All\\n * Presentation\\n\\n * History\\n * Physical Examination\\n * Show All\\n * DDx\\n * Workup\\n\\n * Laboratory Studies\\n * Imaging Studies\\n * Other Tests\\n * Procedures\\n * Show All\\n * Treatment\\n\\n * Approach Considerations\\n * Consultations\\n * Prevention\\n * Show All\\n * Medication\\n\\n * Medication Summary\\n * GI decontaminant\\n * Alkalinizing agents\\n * Show All\\n * Tables\\n * References\\n\\nFind Us On\\n\\nAbout\\n\\nAbout Medscape Privacy Policy Editorial Policy Cookies Terms of Use\\nAdvertising Policy Help Center\\n\\nMembership\\n\\nBecome a Member About You Professional Information Newsletters & Alerts\\n\\nApps\\n\\nMedscape CME & Education\\n\\nWebMD Network\\n\\nMedscape Live Events WebMD MedicineNet eMedicineHealth RxList WebMD Corporate\\n\\nEditions\\n\\nEnglish Deutsch Español Français Português\\n\\nAll material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2021\\nby WebMD LLC. 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Share a Case\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/basics/definition/prc-20014455\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160623044213/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/basics/definition/prc-20014455\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Cortisone shots\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Cortisone shots - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/massage/art-20045743\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518231358/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/massage/art-20045743\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Massage: Get in touch with its many benefits\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Massage: Get in touch with its many benefits - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/prc-20020778\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180121124147/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/prc-20020778\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Acupuncture\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Acupuncture - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":364,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":169767,"string":"169,767"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Dress Bohemian Style"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"No matter what your gender is, you can rock a bohemian wardrobe by wearing free and flowy fabrics that have lots of bold colors and patterns. When you’re choosing colors and patterns, embrace fun and bright colors, such as vivid red, vibrant orange, or turquoise. Look for fun retro print patterns, tribal designs, and crazy color schemes such as tie-dye and paisley patterns. For flowy fabrics, think breezy and natural to create the bohemian silhouette. For example, go with soft, flowing tops or loose-fitting tunics or jackets. If you can run through a field of flowers comfortably, then it’s probably a great bohemian piece. A few examples of bohemian clothing items include slouchy sweaters and cardigans, loose floral dresses, and flared jeans."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210124010947/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a1641/21-reasons-you-have-bohemian-style/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211121103018/https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/how-wear-bohemian-style/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211101182528/https://www.fashionbeans.com/2015/how-to-pull-off-bohemian-inspired-style/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124010947/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a1641/21-reasons-you-have-bohemian-style/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211121103018/https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/how-wear-bohemian-style/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101182528/https://www.fashionbeans.com/2015/how-to-pull-off-bohemian-inspired-style/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":891,"string":"891"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a1641/21-reasons-you-have-bohemian-style/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124010947/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a1641/21-reasons-you-have-bohemian-style/","parsed_text":{"title":"Bohemian Dressing Tips — How to Know if You Have Bohemian Style","passages":["Every product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy.","\"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\"","Vacationing anywhere warm is simply an excuse to dress like Brigitte Bardot on the beach (head scarf included) and Jane Birkin at night (the mini-er the better).","You might have worn a turban-style wrap on your head once (or twice). And flowers in your hair for a special occasion is always a do.","Kate Moss's wedding made you simultaneously cry with joy and enraged with jealousy at the perfectly-melded ceremony of bohemia and glamour.","While the rest of the world debated her blue vintage rehearsal dinner dress and matching Roger Vivier boots, you scoured eBay for a look-a-like.","Your home is filled with items inspired by far-off lands—Morocco called and they want their lanterns, poufs and pillows back. Gypset Style is your interiors reference book, naturally.","A magpie you might also be—just take a look a your overflowing jewelry box and affinity for anything beaded, sequined, pom-pommed or embroidered.","Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)","As chic as you know menswear-style suits and ladylike silhouettes are right now, it all just feels too bourgeois for your free spirit.","You have or have owned the majority of the following: printed maxi dress, gladiator sandals, a floppy hat, a fringe cross-body bag, a fur or beaded vest, flared jeans, a coin-embellished belt, denim cut-offs, feather earrings and every style of boot imaginable.","Your mother thinks you dress like a \"hippie\", your boyfriend thinks every dress you have \"looks like a sack\" and your best friends all dress just like you do—as a grown-up love child.","This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io","A Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."]},"parsed_md":"Bohemian Dressing Tips — How to Know if You Have Bohemian Style\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nAmanda Gorman on Her Style and Cultural Influences\n\n2\n\nBernie Sanders Was Really Just Trying to Keep Warm\n\n3\n\nRep. Cori Bush Isn't Going to Change for Anyone\n\n4\n\nVP Kamala Harris Wears Prabal Gurung on Day One\n\n5\n\nWhat the Biden Family Wore on Inauguration Night\n\nEvery product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn\ncommission on some of the items you choose to buy.\n\n# 17 Reasons You Know Your Style Is Boho Chic\n\n\"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny\nLane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\"\n\nBy Harper's Bazaar Staff\n\nJun 28, 2016\n\nTerry Richardson\n\n1) Your enduring style icon is, and always will be, Kate Moss. Talitha Getty\nwins for posthumous spirit animal.\n\n2) Your favorite colors are tie dye, paisley, floral and suzani.\n\nTalitha Getty\n\nCorbis\n\n3) Admittedly, your style icon of the aughts was Sienna Miller. (You also\nbrazenly cut bangs after seeing Alfie.)\n\n4) Vacationing anywhere warm is simply an excuse to dress like Brigitte Bardot\non the beach (head scarf included) and Jane Birkin at night (the mini-er the\nbetter).\n\nGetty Images\n\n5) You might have worn a turban-style wrap on your head once (or twice). And\nflowers in your hair for a special occasion is always a do.\n\n6) Kate Moss's wedding made you simultaneously cry with joy and enraged with\njealousy at the perfectly-melded ceremony of bohemia and glamour.\n\n7) While the rest of the world debated her blue vintage rehearsal dinner dress\nand matching Roger Vivier boots, you scoured eBay for a look-a-like.\n\nGetty Images\n\n8) Your home is filled with items inspired by far-off lands—Morocco called and\nthey want their lanterns, poufs and pillows back. Gypset Style is your\ninteriors reference book, naturally.\n\n9) A magpie you might also be—just take a look a your overflowing jewelry box\nand affinity for anything beaded, sequined, pom-pommed or embroidered.\n\n10) Your caftan collection rivals that of Elizabeth Taylor's.\n\nGetty Images\n\n11) Raiding the Olsen's wardrobe, especially during their bag lady phase, has\nsecretly been a dream of yours.\n\n12) Colorful furs are not man-repellent, but a must-have.\n\n13) You've mastered the art of bed head and your DIY crown braid is truly\nimpressive.\n\n14) Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard.\n(Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\n\nKate Moss as Penny Lane in 'Almost Famous'\n\nDreamWorks Pictures\n\n15) As chic as you know menswear-style suits and ladylike silhouettes are\nright now, it all just feels too bourgeois for your free spirit.\n\n16) You have or have owned the majority of the following: printed maxi dress,\ngladiator sandals, a floppy hat, a fringe cross-body bag, a fur or beaded\nvest, flared jeans, a coin-embellished belt, denim cut-offs, feather earrings\nand every style of boot imaginable.\n\n17) Your mother thinks you dress like a \"hippie\", your boyfriend thinks every\ndress you have \"looks like a sack\" and your best friends all dress just like\nyou do—as a grown-up love child.\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Trends & Shopping Guides\n\nSpring into the New Season with the Best Jackets\n\nThe Best Valentine's Gifts Out There\n\nPresented by\n\nSculpSure\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nWhat to Wear to a Spring Wedding\n\nBazaar Bride\n\nDapper Dan on Saweetie’s \"Best Friend\" Gucci Look\n\nThe Duchess of Cambridge's Most Fashionable Looks\n\nThe Definitive Plus-Size Lingerie Edit\n\n35 Chic Activewear Brands Every Woman Should Know\n\nLouis Vuitton Taps Urs Fischer for Capsule Line\n\nTory Burch Melds Main Label and Sport for Spring\n\nThe Best Online Consignment Sites to Shop Vintage\n\n * Trends & Shopping Guides\n * Fashion\n * The Best Looks From Paris Fashion Week: Fall 2014\n * The Best Looks From New York Fashion Week: Spring 2015\n * It Brits: London Fashion Week's Most Stylish Parties & Front Rows\n * See 15-Year-Old Kate Upton's First Modeling Photos\n * Girl on the Street: New York Fashion Week\n * The Best Looks From London Fashion Week: Spring 2015\n\n * Newsletter\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n * Press Room\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * About Our Ads\n * Customer Service\n * BestProducts\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * TheBUZZ\n * Giveaways\n * Why Did I Get This Ad?\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/how-wear-bohemian-style/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211121103018/https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/how-wear-bohemian-style/","parsed_text":{"title":"Bohemian Style: How to Wear Bohemian Style","passages":["When it comes to conquering bohemian style, it can be quite daunting task. Free-spirited, 70s inspired and romantic are all words to describe bohemian fashion. But how can you bring those things into your everyday wardrobe? While we all may not want to look like we just got back from a music festival, there is nothing wrong with adding a touch of whimsy to your outfit. From its beginnings to rise and modern day trends, find out more about bohemian fashion below.","Bohemian fashion is one of those styles that never go out of fashion. It’s always trendy, and the 2020s are no different. In this article, we’ll explain everything you need to know about bohemian fashion, from its origin to its principles and valuable tips. Take a look below to find out how to incorporate boho style into your wardrobe.","It’s hard to say when has Bohemian style appeared for the first time, but there was a group of artists in the 19th century that made this style so popular. We’re talking about Pre-Raphaelite artists who started wearing boho clothes as a way to show their uniqueness. In this period, if you wanted to be stylish, you needed to follow a set of rules that were often complicated and required a lot of money. They were rebellious, and they decided to dress in a more casual, relaxed way. Artists and different subcultures always wore boho style, but it wasn’t until the 1960s that it expanded all around the world. It was the era when everyone went crazy for boho style, comfortable clothes, floral prints, maxi dresses, and so on. Today, the boho style remains very popular, and women worldwide love it because it allows them to express their authenticity and feel comfortable in their clothes.","Even celebrities who always have to be glamorous and elegant can’t resist the boho style’s charm. We have seen stars like Kate Moss wear boho clothes on various occasions. She was actually one of the celebrities who brought boho style back to the forefront of fashion. Kate Moss loves wearing romantic maxi dresses with floral prints, both in her private life and when she appears at red carpet events. Then there is Stevie Nicks that is known as Boho Queen. She is famous for wearing her long gowns, and she often combines different materials and textures. She is not afraid to experiment with clothes, so she is an inspiration for many women from her generation to today’s young women. She is also the queen of bohemian chic accessories such as big earrings made with feathers.","On the other hand, Zoe Kravitz is proof that young celebrities love this way of dressing too. In fact, she is one of the young celebrities that are helping to redefine bohemian style. She has appeared on stage with her band Lola Wolf many times in breezy dresses and skirts, but she combines them with unusual accents such as a leather jacket or denim details.","Many modern-day trends actually have origins in boho fashion. You maybe just haven’t paid close attention to it. Just think about tie-dye, maxi dresses, lace ruffles – they are all bohemian details. Some people love to wear all boho looks, but if this concept is new to you, you can also add some accents to transform every outfit. When it comes to brands that nail bohemian style, think about Zimmermann, Ulla Johnson, and Chloe. Their dreamy designs are perfect if you’re looking to take on the trend. But if you’re not into high fashion, don’t worry. Boho is for everyone! You can find these styles at mall brands like H&M and Zara, especially in their summer collections.","Layering is key for bohemian style. Think about long skirts, relaxed blouses and flowy pants. Top it all off with a richly brocade adorned coat for the ultimate bohemian look. It is not only about your clothes but jewelry and accessories as well. Longline necklaces, glittering rings and wide-brimmed hats will have you looking like a boho dream.","House of Harlow 1960 x REVOLVE Cassius Jacket $258 A floral brocade covers this knee-length coat for a pop of color.Free People At the Shore Skirt $108 Take on the bohemian look with a paisley print decoration.","Another key to conquering bohemian style comes down to the oversized silhouette. Although roomy styles can look amazing, make sure you do not look sloppy. So if you wear a relaxed pair of pants make sure to wear with a fitted top or vice versa. Focus on proportion especially if you have a petite frame. Remember that sometimes less is indeed more.","Reformation Laurel Top in Goldfield $78 Floral print decorates a relaxed fitting blouse.Reformation Ash Pant $178 Take on animal print in a wide leg pant style.","In major part to music festivals and fashion bloggers, the flower crown has now become ubiquitous with bohemian style. This youthful accessory can easily bring some fun to any outfit. And although the floral crown can really take your outfit to the next level, you can easily tone it down for everyday wear. Wear a clip with floral adornment or a floral print ponytail holder to channel your inner flower child.","Rock N Rose Cambridge Meadow Crown $88 A lilac and blue floral crown delivers goddess vibes.Rock N Rose Mabel Dried Flower Crown $98 Pink ivory makes this crown perfect with a dreamy dress.","Fashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which results in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer websites.","Fashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which results in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer websites. © 2020 Fashion Gone Rogue"]},"parsed_md":"Bohemian Style: How to Wear Bohemian Style | Fashion Gone Rogue\n\nFashion Gone Rogue\n\nYou are here: Home\n\n/ Shopping\n\n/ A Guide to Wearing Bohemian Style\n\n# A Guide to Wearing Bohemian Style\n\nPublished on February 20, 2019\n\nFind out how to wear bohemian style\n\nWhen it comes to conquering bohemian style, it can be quite daunting task.\nFree-spirited, 70s inspired and romantic are all words to describe bohemian\nfashion. But how can you bring those things into your everyday wardrobe? While\nwe all may not want to look like we just got back from a music festival, there\nis nothing wrong with adding a touch of whimsy to your outfit. From its\nbeginnings to rise and modern day trends, find out more about bohemian fashion\nbelow.\n\nBohemian fashion is one of those styles that never go out of fashion. It’s\nalways trendy, and the 2020s are no different. In this article, we’ll explain\neverything you need to know about bohemian fashion, from its origin to its\nprinciples and valuable tips. Take a look below to find out how to incorporate\nboho style into your wardrobe.\n\nPhoto: Shutterstock.com\n\n## The History of Bohemian Style\n\nIt’s hard to say when has Bohemian style appeared for the first time, but\nthere was a group of artists in the 19th century that made this style so\npopular. We’re talking about Pre-Raphaelite artists who started wearing boho\nclothes as a way to show their uniqueness. In this period, if you wanted to be\nstylish, you needed to follow a set of rules that were often complicated and\nrequired a lot of money. They were rebellious, and they decided to dress in a\nmore casual, relaxed way. Artists and different subcultures always wore boho\nstyle, but it wasn’t until the 1960s that it expanded all around the world. It\nwas the era when everyone went crazy for boho style, comfortable clothes,\nfloral prints, maxi dresses, and so on. Today, the boho style remains very\npopular, and women worldwide love it because it allows them to express their\nauthenticity and feel comfortable in their clothes.\n\n### Bohemian Fashion and Celebrities\n\nKate Moss in black boho look. Photo: Featureflash Photo Agency /\nShutterstock.com\n\nEven celebrities who always have to be glamorous and elegant can’t resist the\nboho style’s charm. We have seen stars like Kate Moss wear boho clothes on\nvarious occasions. She was actually one of the celebrities who brought boho\nstyle back to the forefront of fashion. Kate Moss loves wearing romantic maxi\ndresses with floral prints, both in her private life and when she appears at\nred carpet events. Then there is Stevie Nicks that is known as Boho Queen. She\nis famous for wearing her long gowns, and she often combines different\nmaterials and textures. She is not afraid to experiment with clothes, so she\nis an inspiration for many women from her generation to today’s young women.\nShe is also the queen of bohemian chic accessories such as big earrings made\nwith feathers.\n\nOn the other hand, Zoe Kravitz is proof that young celebrities love this way\nof dressing too. In fact, she is one of the young celebrities that are helping\nto redefine bohemian style. She has appeared on stage with her band Lola Wolf\nmany times in breezy dresses and skirts, but she combines them with unusual\naccents such as a leather jacket or denim details.\n\nZoe Kravitz in Valentino embellished gown with bohemian style details. Photo:\nDFree / Shutterstock.com\n\n### Bohemian Fashion Today\n\nMany modern-day trends actually have origins in boho fashion. You maybe just\nhaven’t paid close attention to it. Just think about tie-dye, maxi dresses,\nlace ruffles – they are all bohemian details. Some people love to wear all\nboho looks, but if this concept is new to you, you can also add some accents\nto transform every outfit. When it comes to brands that nail bohemian style,\nthink about Zimmermann, Ulla Johnson, and Chloe. Their dreamy designs are\nperfect if you’re looking to take on the trend. But if you’re not into high\nfashion, don’t worry. Boho is for everyone! You can find these styles at mall\nbrands like H&M and Zara, especially in their summer collections.\n\n## How to Dress Bohemian Chic?\n\n## Layering\n\nPhoto: Urban Outfitters\n\nLayering is key for bohemian style. Think about long skirts, relaxed blouses\nand flowy pants. Top it all off with a richly brocade adorned coat for the\nultimate bohemian look. It is not only about your clothes but jewelry and\naccessories as well. Longline necklaces, glittering rings and wide-brimmed\nhats will have you looking like a boho dream.\n\nHouse of Harlow 1960 x REVOLVE Cassius Jacket $258 A floral brocade covers\nthis knee-length coat for a pop of color.Free People At the Shore Skirt $108\nTake on the bohemian look with a paisley print decoration.\n\n## Oversized & Relaxed\n\nPhoto: Free People\n\nAnother key to conquering bohemian style comes down to the oversized\nsilhouette. Although roomy styles can look amazing, make sure you do not look\nsloppy. So if you wear a relaxed pair of pants make sure to wear with a fitted\ntop or vice versa. Focus on proportion especially if you have a petite frame.\nRemember that sometimes less is indeed more.\n\nReformation Laurel Top in Goldfield $78 Floral print decorates a relaxed\nfitting blouse.Reformation Ash Pant $178 Take on animal print in a wide leg\npant style.\n\n## The Flower Crown\n\nPhoto: Rosa Cha\n\nIn major part to music festivals and fashion bloggers, the flower crown has\nnow become ubiquitous with bohemian style. This youthful accessory can easily\nbring some fun to any outfit. And although the floral crown can really take\nyour outfit to the next level, you can easily tone it down for everyday wear.\nWear a clip with floral adornment or a floral print ponytail holder to channel\nyour inner flower child.\n\nRock N Rose Cambridge Meadow Crown $88 A lilac and blue floral crown delivers\ngoddess vibes.Rock N Rose Mabel Dried Flower Crown $98 Pink ivory makes this\ncrown perfect with a dreamy dress.\n\nPages: 1 2\n\nFiled Under: Shopping, Style Guide Tagged With: bohemian fashion\n\n### Related Content\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Metrofahsion says\n\nSeptember 9, 2016 at 12:29 pm\n\nWOW! Very inspiring and eye-opening!! My sister will go crazy with these many\nbohemian flair ideas.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Mel Craven says\n\nSeptember 19, 2017 at 7:12 pm\n\nI’d totally wear hot pink with navy.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n\nFashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which\nresults in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer\nwebsites.\n\n#### Recent Updates\n\n#### Anneliek Heuvel Models Autumn Styles for Vogue Turkey\n\n#### Tommy Hilfiger Rings In Festive Season With Holiday 2021 Campaign\n\n#### More Shopping\n\n#### Make a Statement in & Other Stories’ Party Dresses\n\n#### Trending Now: Britt Oosten Wears Mango’s Holiday Party Dressing\n\n#### Veronica Beard Elevates the Classics With Fall 2021 Styles\n\n#### Trending\n\n * Rebecca Mir Wows for Hunkemoller Lingerie Collaboration\n * Candice Swanepoel Enchants in Tropic of C’s New Arrivals\n * Maria Rosa is In Full Bloom for Vogue Portugal\n * Aly Turska Models Sporty Styles for ELLE Bulgaria\n * Ireland Baldwin Smolders in BCBGMAXAZRIA x Cosabella Lingerie\n\n#### Questions?\n\nContact About Us FAQ Privacy Policy Terms of Service\n\n#### Shopping Websites\n\nIn a shopping mood? 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One day I turned my back on it all and became a bohemian,” once said Brigitte Bardot.","Though the flaxen-haired bombshell shunned the middle class conventions of mid-century France, her sentiment stands when it comes to matters of men’s style .","After many seasons devoted to all things preppy, prim and proper, fashion’s pendulum is swinging back towards weathered denim, sandals, cotton tunics, braided leather belts and other ‘hippie’ stalwarts for spring/summer.","It isn’t easy to give in to such free-spirited ways of thinking (and dressing for that matter) when your day job requires a stuffy suit and tie. Nonetheless, there’s ample opportunity – if only during off-duty hours – to trial the more insouciant look that’s trending right now, whether you’re taking inspiration from 1960s beatniks, 1970s-era hippies, 1980s New Romantics or the 1990s grunge scene.","Here are some key ways to add a bohemian touch to your wardrobe that don’t require you committing to wearing flowers in your hair:","This season, try investing in a classic pair of light wash jeans, in shades from mid-blue (as seen at Prada) to faded blue (as shown by Dior Homme). If you aren’t precious about your denim, giving your raw, dark jeans a couple of good 60 degree washes will also do the trick.","Hand-painted details, inscriptions, messages and graphics – from the literal to the abstract – all have a place in bohemian style.","If you’re not feeling the graffiti-covered tailoring seen on the SS15 runways at Dior, or Burberry’s fully printed jacket with matching accessories, why not get started with a simple printed scarf?","Nothing says free-spirited like a floral shirt, while nothing says corporate like a striped shirt, so it makes sense to switch it up.","Instead of that same old striped style you pair with chinos for an off-duty weekend look, why not try a Liberty print version this summer? Or consider paisley, as seen at Saint Laurent. Keep it relaxed and mellow when it comes to styling – that means no cufflinks, collar stiffeners or any other trappings of the bourgeois menswear wardrobe.","Just make sure the design fits with the colour choice – opt for cropped blazers or worker silhouettes rather than elasticised bombers or biker styles, which tend to look best in black.","It’s Saint Laurent once again leading the movement for SS15, although Prada’s smooth leather coat in tan leather dips into the trend just as well.","They’re not suitable until the weather really warms up, and it takes a good bit of confidence to team them with jeans, but if you manage this one, then you will nail that sense of bohemian nonchalance.","Although Prada and Fendi showed us this season’s best sandals, the high street is filled with more affordable versions – a good call for those who aren’t yet fully committed to the aesthetic.","Untucking your shirt, letting a scarf drape loosely around your shoulders, wearing relaxed-cut tailoring, going sockless, or even skipping (certain) steps of your grooming routine (not shaving, for example) will help you develop that artfully dishevelled look.","Also key is ensuring you don’t look too coordinated or put-together, even if some of you might feel a bit of an anarchist by doing so.","You want to accessorise this aesthetic with jewellery (leather/beaded bracelets and pendants rather than cufflinks), a slouchy leather/canvas bag instead of a structured briefcase, loafers rather than monk-straps or brogues, a neckerchief instead of your usual tie, a simple gold chain instead of a statement wristwatch, etc.","The tail-end of the year is a high-maintenance mistress to dress for, particularly when it comes to footwear. One miscalculated choice and that stride...","Not a lot of people know this, but the pocket square has been around since before Don Draper. Quite a bit before, in fact....","All products featured on FashionBeans are independently selected by our editors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission. The material on this site can not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with prior written permission of Solid Ventures.","This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.","If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again."]},"parsed_md":"How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style\n\n * Fashion\n * Style\n * Grooming\n * Hair\n * Street Style\n * Lifestyle\n * Watches\n\n * Fashion\n\n * MEN'S FASHION\n\n * All Latest Fashion Articles\n * Men's Fashion Trends\n * Fashion Lookbooks\n * Men's Fashion Guides\n * Men's Fashion News\n * Men's Fashion Collections\n\nMEN'S FASHION FEATURES\n\nFashion Trends\n\nThe latest men’s fashion trends direct from the runways and the streets.\n\nLOOKBOOKS\n\nGet inspiration for your daily outfits with the latest fashion lookbooks.\n\nFashion Discount Codes\n\nValid discount codes and offers from all your favourite brands.\n\n * Style\n\n * MEN'S STYLE\n\nMen's Celebrity Style Icons294Men's Street Style2Men's Style808\n\nMEN'S STYLE FEATURES\n\nTHE HOT LIST\n\nA visual snapshot of this season’s must-own trends, colours, fabrics & key\npieces.\n\nSTREET STYLE\n\nOur photographers capture the best-dressed real men across the globe.\n\nCELEBRITY STYLE\n\nStyle inspiration courtesy of past and present men’s style icons.\n\n * Grooming\n\n * Hair\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES GUIDES\n * SHORT HAIRCUTS\n * MEDIUM LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * LONG LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * CURLY HAIRCUTS\n * BLACK MEN HAIRCUTS\n\nMEN'S HAIRSTYLES GALLERIES\n\nShort Hairstyles For Men\n\nMedium Length Hairstyles For Men\n\nLong Hairstyles For Men\n\nCurly Hairstyles For Men\n\nBlack Men Hairstyles\n\nCelebrity Men's Hairstyles\n\n * Street Style\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Watches\n\n * Fashion\n\n * MEN'S FASHION\n\n * All Latest Fashion Articles\n * Men's Fashion Trends\n * Fashion Lookbooks\n * Men's Fashion Guides\n * Men's Fashion News\n * Men's Fashion Collections\n\nMEN'S FASHION FEATURES\n\nFashion Trends\n\nThe latest men’s fashion trends direct from the runways and the streets.\n\nLOOKBOOKS\n\nGet inspiration for your daily outfits with the latest fashion lookbooks.\n\nFashion Discount Codes\n\nValid discount codes and offers from all your favourite brands.\n\n * Style\n\n * MEN'S STYLE\n\nMen's Celebrity Style Icons294Men's Street Style2Men's Style808\n\nMEN'S STYLE FEATURES\n\nTHE HOT LIST\n\nA visual snapshot of this season’s must-own trends, colours, fabrics & key\npieces.\n\nSTREET STYLE\n\nOur photographers capture the best-dressed real men across the globe.\n\nCELEBRITY STYLE\n\nStyle inspiration courtesy of past and present men’s style icons.\n\n * Grooming\n\n * Hair\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES GUIDES\n * SHORT HAIRCUTS\n * MEDIUM LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * LONG LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * CURLY HAIRCUTS\n * BLACK MEN HAIRCUTS\n\nMEN'S HAIRSTYLES GALLERIES\n\nShort Hairstyles For Men\n\nMedium Length Hairstyles For Men\n\nLong Hairstyles For Men\n\nCurly Hairstyles For Men\n\nBlack Men Hairstyles\n\nCelebrity Men's Hairstyles\n\n * Street Style\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Watches\n\nStyle Icons The Hot List Business Casual Smart Casual Black Tie How To Fold A\nPocket Sqaure\n\n# How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style\n\nMen's Style\n\nGabriel Weil\n\nOctober 15, 2021\n\nShare\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nWhatsApp\n\n“I’m a girl from a good family who was very well brought up. One day I turned\nmy back on it all and became a bohemian,” once said Brigitte Bardot.\n\nThough the flaxen-haired bombshell shunned the middle class conventions of\nmid-century France, her sentiment stands when it comes to matters of men’s\nstyle .\n\nAfter many seasons devoted to all things preppy, prim and proper, fashion’s\npendulum is swinging back towards weathered denim, sandals, cotton tunics,\nbraided leather belts and other ‘hippie’ stalwarts for spring/summer.\n\nIt isn’t easy to give in to such free-spirited ways of thinking (and dressing\nfor that matter) when your day job requires a stuffy suit and tie.\nNonetheless, there’s ample opportunity – if only during off-duty hours – to\ntrial the more insouciant look that’s trending right now, whether you’re\ntaking inspiration from 1960s beatniks, 1970s-era hippies, 1980s New Romantics\nor the 1990s grunge scene.\n\nHere are some key ways to add a bohemian touch to your wardrobe that don’t\nrequire you committing to wearing flowers in your hair:\n\n## Lighten Up On The Denim Front\n\nHarking back to authentic bohemian style means swapping your deep indigo\nselvedge for something several shades lighter.\n\nThis season, try investing in a classic pair of light wash jeans, in shades\nfrom mid-blue (as seen at Prada) to faded blue (as shown by Dior Homme). If\nyou aren’t precious about your denim, giving your raw, dark jeans a couple of\ngood 60 degree washes will also do the trick.\n\nIn addition, keep your eye out for distressed detailing and rips that\nepitomise a relaxed, devil-may-care attitude.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Allsaints Anhu Iggy Jeans\n * Nudie Jeans Steady Eddie In Blonde Slubs\n * Topman Light Wash Classic Skinny Fit Jeans\n * Wrangler Jeans Bryson Skinny Fit The Angler Light Wash\n * Cheap Monday Tight Jeans Skinny Fit In Stonewash Blue\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Light Wash Jan Jeans\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Light Wash Steve Jeans\n * River Island Light Wash Dylan Slim Jeans\n * Saint Laurent Skinny-leg Stretch-cotton Jeans\n * Reiss Southland Light Straight-fit Jeans Light Blue\n * Ami Slim-fit Washed-denim Jeans\n * Levis 501 Ct Jeans 501 Ct Slim-fit Jeans\n\n## Work Some Art Into Your Attire\n\nHand-painted details, inscriptions, messages and graphics – from the literal\nto the abstract – all have a place in bohemian style.\n\nIf you’re not feeling the graffiti-covered tailoring seen on the SS15 runways\nat Dior, or Burberry’s fully printed jacket with matching accessories, why not\nget started with a simple printed scarf?\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * He By Mango Paisley Modal-blend Scarf\n * Vivienne Westwood Scribble Orb Silk Scarf\n * Ted Baker Dazzys Graphic Floral Scarf\n * Alexander Mcqueen Abstract Print Scarf\n * Burberry Prorsum Typographic-print Cashmere Scarf\n * He By Mango Paisley Cotton Scarf\n * Etro Windowpane-check And Paisley-print Modal And Wool-blend Scarf\n * Etro Paisley-print Wool And Silk-blend Scarf\n * Junya Watanabe Printed Cotton And Linen-blend Scarf\n\n## Swap Your Striped Shirt For Something Floral\n\nNothing says free-spirited like a floral shirt, while nothing says corporate\nlike a striped shirt, so it makes sense to switch it up.\n\nInstead of that same old striped style you pair with chinos for an off-duty\nweekend look, why not try a Liberty print version this summer? Or consider\npaisley, as seen at Saint Laurent. Keep it relaxed and mellow when it comes to\nstyling – that means no cufflinks, collar stiffeners or any other trappings of\nthe bourgeois menswear wardrobe.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Floral-print Shirt\n * Pull&bear Shirt With Floral Skull Print\n * Sisley Shirt With All Over Floral Print\n * Allsaints Chesaw Shirt\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Floral-print Shirt\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Tropical-print Shirt\n * Reiss Bondi Dark Bloom Shirt Black\n * Burberry London Southbrook Geometric Floral-print Shirt\n * Liberty Print Mens Pink Phoebe Print Cotton Shirt\n * Nn.07 New Derek Floral-print Cotton-chambray Shirt\n * Saint Laurent Stand-collar Paisley-print Silk Shirt\n * Incotex Ween Slim-fit Paisley-print Cotton Shirt\n\n## Suede Is The New Leather\n\nA suede jacket, particularly one in shades from tan to dark brown, is SS15’s\ncoolest cover up option.\n\nJust make sure the design fits with the colour choice – opt for cropped\nblazers or worker silhouettes rather than elasticised bombers or biker styles,\nwhich tend to look best in black.\n\nIt’s Saint Laurent once again leading the movement for SS15, although Prada’s\nsmooth leather coat in tan leather dips into the trend just as well.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Edwin Sueded Jacket Panhead 2 Pocket\n * He By Mango Buttoned Suede Jacket\n * Asos Suede Western Jacket\n * Allsaints Ocarno Suede Jacket\n * Allsaints Ocarno Suede Jacket\n * The Kooples Zip Jacket In Lambskin Suede\n * Saint Laurent Slim-fit Suede Jacket\n * Sandro Suede Jacket\n * Oliver Spencer Suede Shirt Jacket\n\n## Swap Trainers For Leather Sandals\n\nThey’re not suitable until the weather really warms up, and it takes a good\nbit of confidence to team them with jeans, but if you manage this one, then\nyou will nail that sense of bohemian nonchalance.\n\nAlthough Prada and Fendi showed us this season’s best sandals, the high street\nis filled with more affordable versions – a good call for those who aren’t yet\nfully committed to the aesthetic.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Selected Homme Courtney Sliders In Brown\n * Jerusalem Sandals Golan Sandals\n * He By Mango Leather Sandals\n * Asos Sandals In Leather\n * Asos Sandals In Leather With Cross Over Strap\n * Aldo Alaydia Leather Sandals\n * Ted Baker Casspor Printed Sandals\n * Aldo Runako\n * Allsaints Shaw Sandal\n * Opera Darte Terni Bi-strap Leather Sandals\n * Kurt Geiger Keldy Leather Sandals\n * A.p.c. Crepe-sole Leather Sandals\n\n## Style Yourself Like You Don’t Care\n\nThis is paramount to pulling off bohemian style convincingly, and probably the\nmost difficult aspect to master.\n\nUntucking your shirt, letting a scarf drape loosely around your shoulders,\nwearing relaxed-cut tailoring, going sockless, or even skipping (certain)\nsteps of your grooming routine (not shaving, for example) will help you\ndevelop that artfully dishevelled look.\n\nAlso key is ensuring you don’t look too coordinated or put-together, even if\nsome of you might feel a bit of an anarchist by doing so.\n\n## Do A 180 With Your Accessories\n\nYou want to accessorise this aesthetic with jewellery (leather/beaded\nbracelets and pendants rather than cufflinks), a slouchy leather/canvas bag\ninstead of a structured briefcase, loafers rather than monk-straps or brogues,\na neckerchief instead of your usual tie, a simple gold chain instead of a\nstatement wristwatch, etc.\n\nAs a rule of thumb, if it looks straight-laced then it’s best left at home.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Icon Brand Multi Necklace\n * Simon Carter Semi Precious Bracelet Pack\n\nGabriel Weil\n\nPrevious articleThe Best Suede Shirts To Buy In 2021\n\nNext articleHenry Cavill Style: How To Wear A Suit When You're Huge\n\n### Similar Articles\n\n### 6 Types Of Boots Every Man Should Own\n\nMen's Style Murray Clark - October 31, 2021\n\nThe tail-end of the year is a high-maintenance mistress to dress for,\nparticularly when it comes to footwear. One miscalculated choice and that\nstride...\n\n### How To Fold A Pocket Square Like A Pro\n\nMen's Style Jess Brown - October 30, 2021\n\nNot a lot of people know this, but the pocket square has been around since\nbefore Don Draper. Quite a bit before, in fact....\n\n#### TRENDING ARTICLES\n\nThe Best Affordable Watch Brands For Men\n\nTrending Accessories\n\nThe Best Short Sleeve Button Up Shirts You Can Buy For Summer 2021\n\n#### TRENDING ARTICLES\n\nThe Best Affordable Jeans You Can Buy In 2021\n\nThe Best Sneaker Brands In The World Right Now\n\nThe Best Smart Casual Dressing Guide You'll Ever Read\n\nHomeMen's Style\n\nINFORMATION\n\n * Advertising\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy & Cookies Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n\nFASHION & STYLE\n\n * Mens Fashion\n * Mens Style\n * Mens Grooming\n * Best Mens Watches\n * Discount Codes\n * Clothing Sales\n\nHAIRSTYLES\n\n * Mens Haircuts\n * Short Hairstyles\n * Medium Length Hairstyles\n * Long Hairstyles\n * Curly Hairstyles\n * Black Men Hairstyles\n\nBUYING GUIDES\n\n * Birthday Gifts For Him\n * Anniversary Gifts For Him\n * Anniversary Gifts For Her\n * Mother's Day Gifts\n * Father's Day Gifts\n\nCONNECT WITH FASHIONBEANS\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram\n\nPinterest\n\nFASHIONBEANS NEWSLETTER\n\nSIGN UP\n\nCopyright © 2021 Solid Ventures, Inc. 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This\nmeans that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or\ndisable cookies again.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a1641/21-reasons-you-have-bohemian-style/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124010947/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/fashion/trends/a1641/21-reasons-you-have-bohemian-style/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Bohemian Dressing Tips — How to Know if You Have Bohemian Style\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Every product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy.\",\n \"\\\"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\\\"\",\n \"Vacationing anywhere warm is simply an excuse to dress like Brigitte Bardot on the beach (head scarf included) and Jane Birkin at night (the mini-er the better).\",\n \"You might have worn a turban-style wrap on your head once (or twice). And flowers in your hair for a special occasion is always a do.\",\n \"Kate Moss's wedding made you simultaneously cry with joy and enraged with jealousy at the perfectly-melded ceremony of bohemia and glamour.\",\n \"While the rest of the world debated her blue vintage rehearsal dinner dress and matching Roger Vivier boots, you scoured eBay for a look-a-like.\",\n \"Your home is filled with items inspired by far-off lands—Morocco called and they want their lanterns, poufs and pillows back. Gypset Style is your interiors reference book, naturally.\",\n \"A magpie you might also be—just take a look a your overflowing jewelry box and affinity for anything beaded, sequined, pom-pommed or embroidered.\",\n \"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\",\n \"As chic as you know menswear-style suits and ladylike silhouettes are right now, it all just feels too bourgeois for your free spirit.\",\n \"You have or have owned the majority of the following: printed maxi dress, gladiator sandals, a floppy hat, a fringe cross-body bag, a fur or beaded vest, flared jeans, a coin-embellished belt, denim cut-offs, feather earrings and every style of boot imaginable.\",\n \"Your mother thinks you dress like a \\\"hippie\\\", your boyfriend thinks every dress you have \\\"looks like a sack\\\" and your best friends all dress just like you do—as a grown-up love child.\",\n \"This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io\",\n \"A Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Bohemian Dressing Tips — How to Know if You Have Bohemian Style\\n\\nToday's Top Stories\\n\\n1\\n\\nAmanda Gorman on Her Style and Cultural Influences\\n\\n2\\n\\nBernie Sanders Was Really Just Trying to Keep Warm\\n\\n3\\n\\nRep. Cori Bush Isn't Going to Change for Anyone\\n\\n4\\n\\nVP Kamala Harris Wears Prabal Gurung on Day One\\n\\n5\\n\\nWhat the Biden Family Wore on Inauguration Night\\n\\nEvery product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn\\ncommission on some of the items you choose to buy.\\n\\n# 17 Reasons You Know Your Style Is Boho Chic\\n\\n\\\"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny\\nLane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\\\"\\n\\nBy Harper's Bazaar Staff\\n\\nJun 28, 2016\\n\\nTerry Richardson\\n\\n1) Your enduring style icon is, and always will be, Kate Moss. Talitha Getty\\nwins for posthumous spirit animal.\\n\\n2) Your favorite colors are tie dye, paisley, floral and suzani.\\n\\nTalitha Getty\\n\\nCorbis\\n\\n3) Admittedly, your style icon of the aughts was Sienna Miller. (You also\\nbrazenly cut bangs after seeing Alfie.)\\n\\n4) Vacationing anywhere warm is simply an excuse to dress like Brigitte Bardot\\non the beach (head scarf included) and Jane Birkin at night (the mini-er the\\nbetter).\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\n5) You might have worn a turban-style wrap on your head once (or twice). And\\nflowers in your hair for a special occasion is always a do.\\n\\n6) Kate Moss's wedding made you simultaneously cry with joy and enraged with\\njealousy at the perfectly-melded ceremony of bohemia and glamour.\\n\\n7) While the rest of the world debated her blue vintage rehearsal dinner dress\\nand matching Roger Vivier boots, you scoured eBay for a look-a-like.\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\n8) Your home is filled with items inspired by far-off lands—Morocco called and\\nthey want their lanterns, poufs and pillows back. Gypset Style is your\\ninteriors reference book, naturally.\\n\\n9) A magpie you might also be—just take a look a your overflowing jewelry box\\nand affinity for anything beaded, sequined, pom-pommed or embroidered.\\n\\n10) Your caftan collection rivals that of Elizabeth Taylor's.\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\n11) Raiding the Olsen's wardrobe, especially during their bag lady phase, has\\nsecretly been a dream of yours.\\n\\n12) Colorful furs are not man-repellent, but a must-have.\\n\\n13) You've mastered the art of bed head and your DIY crown braid is truly\\nimpressive.\\n\\n14) Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard.\\n(Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\\n\\nKate Moss as Penny Lane in 'Almost Famous'\\n\\nDreamWorks Pictures\\n\\n15) As chic as you know menswear-style suits and ladylike silhouettes are\\nright now, it all just feels too bourgeois for your free spirit.\\n\\n16) You have or have owned the majority of the following: printed maxi dress,\\ngladiator sandals, a floppy hat, a fringe cross-body bag, a fur or beaded\\nvest, flared jeans, a coin-embellished belt, denim cut-offs, feather earrings\\nand every style of boot imaginable.\\n\\n17) Your mother thinks you dress like a \\\"hippie\\\", your boyfriend thinks every\\ndress you have \\\"looks like a sack\\\" and your best friends all dress just like\\nyou do—as a grown-up love child.\\n\\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\nMore From Trends & Shopping Guides\\n\\nSpring into the New Season with the Best Jackets\\n\\nThe Best Valentine's Gifts Out There\\n\\nPresented by\\n\\nSculpSure\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\nWhat to Wear to a Spring Wedding\\n\\nBazaar Bride\\n\\nDapper Dan on Saweetie’s \\\"Best Friend\\\" Gucci Look\\n\\nThe Duchess of Cambridge's Most Fashionable Looks\\n\\nThe Definitive Plus-Size Lingerie Edit\\n\\n35 Chic Activewear Brands Every Woman Should Know\\n\\nLouis Vuitton Taps Urs Fischer for Capsule Line\\n\\nTory Burch Melds Main Label and Sport for Spring\\n\\nThe Best Online Consignment Sites to Shop Vintage\\n\\n * Trends & Shopping Guides\\n * Fashion\\n * The Best Looks From Paris Fashion Week: Fall 2014\\n * The Best Looks From New York Fashion Week: Spring 2015\\n * It Brits: London Fashion Week's Most Stylish Parties & Front Rows\\n * See 15-Year-Old Kate Upton's First Modeling Photos\\n * Girl on the Street: New York Fashion Week\\n * The Best Looks From London Fashion Week: Spring 2015\\n\\n * Newsletter\\n * Contact Us\\n * Media Kit\\n * Press Room\\n * Community Guidelines\\n * Advertise Online\\n * About Our Ads\\n * Customer Service\\n * BestProducts\\n * Subscribe\\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\\n * Give a Gift\\n * TheBUZZ\\n * Giveaways\\n * Why Did I Get This Ad?\\n\\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various\\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\\n\\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\\n * Your California Privacy Rights\\n * Interest-Based Ads\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Site Map\\n\\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/how-wear-bohemian-style/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211121103018/https://www.fashiongonerogue.com/how-wear-bohemian-style/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Bohemian Style: How to Wear Bohemian Style\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"When it comes to conquering bohemian style, it can be quite daunting task. Free-spirited, 70s inspired and romantic are all words to describe bohemian fashion. But how can you bring those things into your everyday wardrobe? While we all may not want to look like we just got back from a music festival, there is nothing wrong with adding a touch of whimsy to your outfit. From its beginnings to rise and modern day trends, find out more about bohemian fashion below.\",\n \"Bohemian fashion is one of those styles that never go out of fashion. It’s always trendy, and the 2020s are no different. In this article, we’ll explain everything you need to know about bohemian fashion, from its origin to its principles and valuable tips. Take a look below to find out how to incorporate boho style into your wardrobe.\",\n \"It’s hard to say when has Bohemian style appeared for the first time, but there was a group of artists in the 19th century that made this style so popular. We’re talking about Pre-Raphaelite artists who started wearing boho clothes as a way to show their uniqueness. In this period, if you wanted to be stylish, you needed to follow a set of rules that were often complicated and required a lot of money. They were rebellious, and they decided to dress in a more casual, relaxed way. Artists and different subcultures always wore boho style, but it wasn’t until the 1960s that it expanded all around the world. It was the era when everyone went crazy for boho style, comfortable clothes, floral prints, maxi dresses, and so on. Today, the boho style remains very popular, and women worldwide love it because it allows them to express their authenticity and feel comfortable in their clothes.\",\n \"Even celebrities who always have to be glamorous and elegant can’t resist the boho style’s charm. We have seen stars like Kate Moss wear boho clothes on various occasions. She was actually one of the celebrities who brought boho style back to the forefront of fashion. Kate Moss loves wearing romantic maxi dresses with floral prints, both in her private life and when she appears at red carpet events. Then there is Stevie Nicks that is known as Boho Queen. She is famous for wearing her long gowns, and she often combines different materials and textures. She is not afraid to experiment with clothes, so she is an inspiration for many women from her generation to today’s young women. She is also the queen of bohemian chic accessories such as big earrings made with feathers.\",\n \"On the other hand, Zoe Kravitz is proof that young celebrities love this way of dressing too. In fact, she is one of the young celebrities that are helping to redefine bohemian style. She has appeared on stage with her band Lola Wolf many times in breezy dresses and skirts, but she combines them with unusual accents such as a leather jacket or denim details.\",\n \"Many modern-day trends actually have origins in boho fashion. You maybe just haven’t paid close attention to it. Just think about tie-dye, maxi dresses, lace ruffles – they are all bohemian details. Some people love to wear all boho looks, but if this concept is new to you, you can also add some accents to transform every outfit. When it comes to brands that nail bohemian style, think about Zimmermann, Ulla Johnson, and Chloe. Their dreamy designs are perfect if you’re looking to take on the trend. But if you’re not into high fashion, don’t worry. Boho is for everyone! You can find these styles at mall brands like H&M and Zara, especially in their summer collections.\",\n \"Layering is key for bohemian style. Think about long skirts, relaxed blouses and flowy pants. Top it all off with a richly brocade adorned coat for the ultimate bohemian look. It is not only about your clothes but jewelry and accessories as well. Longline necklaces, glittering rings and wide-brimmed hats will have you looking like a boho dream.\",\n \"House of Harlow 1960 x REVOLVE Cassius Jacket $258 A floral brocade covers this knee-length coat for a pop of color.Free People At the Shore Skirt $108 Take on the bohemian look with a paisley print decoration.\",\n \"Another key to conquering bohemian style comes down to the oversized silhouette. Although roomy styles can look amazing, make sure you do not look sloppy. So if you wear a relaxed pair of pants make sure to wear with a fitted top or vice versa. Focus on proportion especially if you have a petite frame. Remember that sometimes less is indeed more.\",\n \"Reformation Laurel Top in Goldfield $78 Floral print decorates a relaxed fitting blouse.Reformation Ash Pant $178 Take on animal print in a wide leg pant style.\",\n \"In major part to music festivals and fashion bloggers, the flower crown has now become ubiquitous with bohemian style. This youthful accessory can easily bring some fun to any outfit. And although the floral crown can really take your outfit to the next level, you can easily tone it down for everyday wear. Wear a clip with floral adornment or a floral print ponytail holder to channel your inner flower child.\",\n \"Rock N Rose Cambridge Meadow Crown $88 A lilac and blue floral crown delivers goddess vibes.Rock N Rose Mabel Dried Flower Crown $98 Pink ivory makes this crown perfect with a dreamy dress.\",\n \"Fashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which results in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer websites.\",\n \"Fashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which results in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer websites. © 2020 Fashion Gone Rogue\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Bohemian Style: How to Wear Bohemian Style | Fashion Gone Rogue\\n\\nFashion Gone Rogue\\n\\nYou are here: Home\\n\\n/ Shopping\\n\\n/ A Guide to Wearing Bohemian Style\\n\\n# A Guide to Wearing Bohemian Style\\n\\nPublished on February 20, 2019\\n\\nFind out how to wear bohemian style\\n\\nWhen it comes to conquering bohemian style, it can be quite daunting task.\\nFree-spirited, 70s inspired and romantic are all words to describe bohemian\\nfashion. But how can you bring those things into your everyday wardrobe? While\\nwe all may not want to look like we just got back from a music festival, there\\nis nothing wrong with adding a touch of whimsy to your outfit. From its\\nbeginnings to rise and modern day trends, find out more about bohemian fashion\\nbelow.\\n\\nBohemian fashion is one of those styles that never go out of fashion. It’s\\nalways trendy, and the 2020s are no different. In this article, we’ll explain\\neverything you need to know about bohemian fashion, from its origin to its\\nprinciples and valuable tips. Take a look below to find out how to incorporate\\nboho style into your wardrobe.\\n\\nPhoto: Shutterstock.com\\n\\n## The History of Bohemian Style\\n\\nIt’s hard to say when has Bohemian style appeared for the first time, but\\nthere was a group of artists in the 19th century that made this style so\\npopular. We’re talking about Pre-Raphaelite artists who started wearing boho\\nclothes as a way to show their uniqueness. In this period, if you wanted to be\\nstylish, you needed to follow a set of rules that were often complicated and\\nrequired a lot of money. They were rebellious, and they decided to dress in a\\nmore casual, relaxed way. Artists and different subcultures always wore boho\\nstyle, but it wasn’t until the 1960s that it expanded all around the world. It\\nwas the era when everyone went crazy for boho style, comfortable clothes,\\nfloral prints, maxi dresses, and so on. Today, the boho style remains very\\npopular, and women worldwide love it because it allows them to express their\\nauthenticity and feel comfortable in their clothes.\\n\\n### Bohemian Fashion and Celebrities\\n\\nKate Moss in black boho look. Photo: Featureflash Photo Agency /\\nShutterstock.com\\n\\nEven celebrities who always have to be glamorous and elegant can’t resist the\\nboho style’s charm. We have seen stars like Kate Moss wear boho clothes on\\nvarious occasions. She was actually one of the celebrities who brought boho\\nstyle back to the forefront of fashion. Kate Moss loves wearing romantic maxi\\ndresses with floral prints, both in her private life and when she appears at\\nred carpet events. Then there is Stevie Nicks that is known as Boho Queen. She\\nis famous for wearing her long gowns, and she often combines different\\nmaterials and textures. She is not afraid to experiment with clothes, so she\\nis an inspiration for many women from her generation to today’s young women.\\nShe is also the queen of bohemian chic accessories such as big earrings made\\nwith feathers.\\n\\nOn the other hand, Zoe Kravitz is proof that young celebrities love this way\\nof dressing too. In fact, she is one of the young celebrities that are helping\\nto redefine bohemian style. She has appeared on stage with her band Lola Wolf\\nmany times in breezy dresses and skirts, but she combines them with unusual\\naccents such as a leather jacket or denim details.\\n\\nZoe Kravitz in Valentino embellished gown with bohemian style details. Photo:\\nDFree / Shutterstock.com\\n\\n### Bohemian Fashion Today\\n\\nMany modern-day trends actually have origins in boho fashion. You maybe just\\nhaven’t paid close attention to it. Just think about tie-dye, maxi dresses,\\nlace ruffles – they are all bohemian details. Some people love to wear all\\nboho looks, but if this concept is new to you, you can also add some accents\\nto transform every outfit. When it comes to brands that nail bohemian style,\\nthink about Zimmermann, Ulla Johnson, and Chloe. Their dreamy designs are\\nperfect if you’re looking to take on the trend. But if you’re not into high\\nfashion, don’t worry. Boho is for everyone! You can find these styles at mall\\nbrands like H&M and Zara, especially in their summer collections.\\n\\n## How to Dress Bohemian Chic?\\n\\n## Layering\\n\\nPhoto: Urban Outfitters\\n\\nLayering is key for bohemian style. Think about long skirts, relaxed blouses\\nand flowy pants. Top it all off with a richly brocade adorned coat for the\\nultimate bohemian look. It is not only about your clothes but jewelry and\\naccessories as well. Longline necklaces, glittering rings and wide-brimmed\\nhats will have you looking like a boho dream.\\n\\nHouse of Harlow 1960 x REVOLVE Cassius Jacket $258 A floral brocade covers\\nthis knee-length coat for a pop of color.Free People At the Shore Skirt $108\\nTake on the bohemian look with a paisley print decoration.\\n\\n## Oversized & Relaxed\\n\\nPhoto: Free People\\n\\nAnother key to conquering bohemian style comes down to the oversized\\nsilhouette. Although roomy styles can look amazing, make sure you do not look\\nsloppy. So if you wear a relaxed pair of pants make sure to wear with a fitted\\ntop or vice versa. Focus on proportion especially if you have a petite frame.\\nRemember that sometimes less is indeed more.\\n\\nReformation Laurel Top in Goldfield $78 Floral print decorates a relaxed\\nfitting blouse.Reformation Ash Pant $178 Take on animal print in a wide leg\\npant style.\\n\\n## The Flower Crown\\n\\nPhoto: Rosa Cha\\n\\nIn major part to music festivals and fashion bloggers, the flower crown has\\nnow become ubiquitous with bohemian style. This youthful accessory can easily\\nbring some fun to any outfit. And although the floral crown can really take\\nyour outfit to the next level, you can easily tone it down for everyday wear.\\nWear a clip with floral adornment or a floral print ponytail holder to channel\\nyour inner flower child.\\n\\nRock N Rose Cambridge Meadow Crown $88 A lilac and blue floral crown delivers\\ngoddess vibes.Rock N Rose Mabel Dried Flower Crown $98 Pink ivory makes this\\ncrown perfect with a dreamy dress.\\n\\nPages: 1 2\\n\\nFiled Under: Shopping, Style Guide Tagged With: bohemian fashion\\n\\n### Related Content\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Metrofahsion says\\n\\nSeptember 9, 2016 at 12:29 pm\\n\\nWOW! Very inspiring and eye-opening!! My sister will go crazy with these many\\nbohemian flair ideas.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Mel Craven says\\n\\nSeptember 19, 2017 at 7:12 pm\\n\\nI’d totally wear hot pink with navy.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n#### Follow Us\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Instagram\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * YouTube\\n\\nFashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which\\nresults in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer\\nwebsites.\\n\\n#### Recent Updates\\n\\n#### Anneliek Heuvel Models Autumn Styles for Vogue Turkey\\n\\n#### Tommy Hilfiger Rings In Festive Season With Holiday 2021 Campaign\\n\\n#### More Shopping\\n\\n#### Make a Statement in & Other Stories’ Party Dresses\\n\\n#### Trending Now: Britt Oosten Wears Mango’s Holiday Party Dressing\\n\\n#### Veronica Beard Elevates the Classics With Fall 2021 Styles\\n\\n#### Trending\\n\\n * Rebecca Mir Wows for Hunkemoller Lingerie Collaboration\\n * Candice Swanepoel Enchants in Tropic of C’s New Arrivals\\n * Maria Rosa is In Full Bloom for Vogue Portugal\\n * Aly Turska Models Sporty Styles for ELLE Bulgaria\\n * Ireland Baldwin Smolders in BCBGMAXAZRIA x Cosabella Lingerie\\n\\n#### Questions?\\n\\nContact About Us FAQ Privacy Policy Terms of Service\\n\\n#### Shopping Websites\\n\\nIn a shopping mood? Explore some of our favorite stores to shop:\\n\\nForward Matches Fashion Nordstrom Revolve Warby Parker\\n\\nFashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which\\nresults in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer\\nwebsites. © 2020 Fashion Gone Rogue\\n\\nFacebookTwitterPinterestTumblrMail\\n\\nLoading Comments...\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.fashionbeans.com/2015/how-to-pull-off-bohemian-inspired-style/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101182528/https://www.fashionbeans.com/2015/how-to-pull-off-bohemian-inspired-style/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"“I’m a girl from a good family who was very well brought up. One day I turned my back on it all and became a bohemian,” once said Brigitte Bardot.\",\n \"Though the flaxen-haired bombshell shunned the middle class conventions of mid-century France, her sentiment stands when it comes to matters of men’s style .\",\n \"After many seasons devoted to all things preppy, prim and proper, fashion’s pendulum is swinging back towards weathered denim, sandals, cotton tunics, braided leather belts and other ‘hippie’ stalwarts for spring/summer.\",\n \"It isn’t easy to give in to such free-spirited ways of thinking (and dressing for that matter) when your day job requires a stuffy suit and tie. Nonetheless, there’s ample opportunity – if only during off-duty hours – to trial the more insouciant look that’s trending right now, whether you’re taking inspiration from 1960s beatniks, 1970s-era hippies, 1980s New Romantics or the 1990s grunge scene.\",\n \"Here are some key ways to add a bohemian touch to your wardrobe that don’t require you committing to wearing flowers in your hair:\",\n \"This season, try investing in a classic pair of light wash jeans, in shades from mid-blue (as seen at Prada) to faded blue (as shown by Dior Homme). If you aren’t precious about your denim, giving your raw, dark jeans a couple of good 60 degree washes will also do the trick.\",\n \"Hand-painted details, inscriptions, messages and graphics – from the literal to the abstract – all have a place in bohemian style.\",\n \"If you’re not feeling the graffiti-covered tailoring seen on the SS15 runways at Dior, or Burberry’s fully printed jacket with matching accessories, why not get started with a simple printed scarf?\",\n \"Nothing says free-spirited like a floral shirt, while nothing says corporate like a striped shirt, so it makes sense to switch it up.\",\n \"Instead of that same old striped style you pair with chinos for an off-duty weekend look, why not try a Liberty print version this summer? Or consider paisley, as seen at Saint Laurent. Keep it relaxed and mellow when it comes to styling – that means no cufflinks, collar stiffeners or any other trappings of the bourgeois menswear wardrobe.\",\n \"Just make sure the design fits with the colour choice – opt for cropped blazers or worker silhouettes rather than elasticised bombers or biker styles, which tend to look best in black.\",\n \"It’s Saint Laurent once again leading the movement for SS15, although Prada’s smooth leather coat in tan leather dips into the trend just as well.\",\n \"They’re not suitable until the weather really warms up, and it takes a good bit of confidence to team them with jeans, but if you manage this one, then you will nail that sense of bohemian nonchalance.\",\n \"Although Prada and Fendi showed us this season’s best sandals, the high street is filled with more affordable versions – a good call for those who aren’t yet fully committed to the aesthetic.\",\n \"Untucking your shirt, letting a scarf drape loosely around your shoulders, wearing relaxed-cut tailoring, going sockless, or even skipping (certain) steps of your grooming routine (not shaving, for example) will help you develop that artfully dishevelled look.\",\n \"Also key is ensuring you don’t look too coordinated or put-together, even if some of you might feel a bit of an anarchist by doing so.\",\n \"You want to accessorise this aesthetic with jewellery (leather/beaded bracelets and pendants rather than cufflinks), a slouchy leather/canvas bag instead of a structured briefcase, loafers rather than monk-straps or brogues, a neckerchief instead of your usual tie, a simple gold chain instead of a statement wristwatch, etc.\",\n \"The tail-end of the year is a high-maintenance mistress to dress for, particularly when it comes to footwear. One miscalculated choice and that stride...\",\n \"Not a lot of people know this, but the pocket square has been around since before Don Draper. Quite a bit before, in fact....\",\n \"All products featured on FashionBeans are independently selected by our editors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission. The material on this site can not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with prior written permission of Solid Ventures.\",\n \"This website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user experience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs functions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping our team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting and useful.\",\n \"If you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This means that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or disable cookies again.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style\\n\\n * Fashion\\n * Style\\n * Grooming\\n * Hair\\n * Street Style\\n * Lifestyle\\n * Watches\\n\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * MEN'S FASHION\\n\\n * All Latest Fashion Articles\\n * Men's Fashion Trends\\n * Fashion Lookbooks\\n * Men's Fashion Guides\\n * Men's Fashion News\\n * Men's Fashion Collections\\n\\nMEN'S FASHION FEATURES\\n\\nFashion Trends\\n\\nThe latest men’s fashion trends direct from the runways and the streets.\\n\\nLOOKBOOKS\\n\\nGet inspiration for your daily outfits with the latest fashion lookbooks.\\n\\nFashion Discount Codes\\n\\nValid discount codes and offers from all your favourite brands.\\n\\n * Style\\n\\n * MEN'S STYLE\\n\\nMen's Celebrity Style Icons294Men's Street Style2Men's Style808\\n\\nMEN'S STYLE FEATURES\\n\\nTHE HOT LIST\\n\\nA visual snapshot of this season’s must-own trends, colours, fabrics & key\\npieces.\\n\\nSTREET STYLE\\n\\nOur photographers capture the best-dressed real men across the globe.\\n\\nCELEBRITY STYLE\\n\\nStyle inspiration courtesy of past and present men’s style icons.\\n\\n * Grooming\\n\\n * Hair\\n\\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES\\n\\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES GUIDES\\n * SHORT HAIRCUTS\\n * MEDIUM LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\\n * LONG LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\\n * CURLY HAIRCUTS\\n * BLACK MEN HAIRCUTS\\n\\nMEN'S HAIRSTYLES GALLERIES\\n\\nShort Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nMedium Length Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nLong Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nCurly Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nBlack Men Hairstyles\\n\\nCelebrity Men's Hairstyles\\n\\n * Street Style\\n\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Watches\\n\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * MEN'S FASHION\\n\\n * All Latest Fashion Articles\\n * Men's Fashion Trends\\n * Fashion Lookbooks\\n * Men's Fashion Guides\\n * Men's Fashion News\\n * Men's Fashion Collections\\n\\nMEN'S FASHION FEATURES\\n\\nFashion Trends\\n\\nThe latest men’s fashion trends direct from the runways and the streets.\\n\\nLOOKBOOKS\\n\\nGet inspiration for your daily outfits with the latest fashion lookbooks.\\n\\nFashion Discount Codes\\n\\nValid discount codes and offers from all your favourite brands.\\n\\n * Style\\n\\n * MEN'S STYLE\\n\\nMen's Celebrity Style Icons294Men's Street Style2Men's Style808\\n\\nMEN'S STYLE FEATURES\\n\\nTHE HOT LIST\\n\\nA visual snapshot of this season’s must-own trends, colours, fabrics & key\\npieces.\\n\\nSTREET STYLE\\n\\nOur photographers capture the best-dressed real men across the globe.\\n\\nCELEBRITY STYLE\\n\\nStyle inspiration courtesy of past and present men’s style icons.\\n\\n * Grooming\\n\\n * Hair\\n\\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES\\n\\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES GUIDES\\n * SHORT HAIRCUTS\\n * MEDIUM LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\\n * LONG LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\\n * CURLY HAIRCUTS\\n * BLACK MEN HAIRCUTS\\n\\nMEN'S HAIRSTYLES GALLERIES\\n\\nShort Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nMedium Length Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nLong Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nCurly Hairstyles For Men\\n\\nBlack Men Hairstyles\\n\\nCelebrity Men's Hairstyles\\n\\n * Street Style\\n\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Watches\\n\\nStyle Icons The Hot List Business Casual Smart Casual Black Tie How To Fold A\\nPocket Sqaure\\n\\n# How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style\\n\\nMen's Style\\n\\nGabriel Weil\\n\\nOctober 15, 2021\\n\\nShare\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nPinterest\\n\\nWhatsApp\\n\\n“I’m a girl from a good family who was very well brought up. One day I turned\\nmy back on it all and became a bohemian,” once said Brigitte Bardot.\\n\\nThough the flaxen-haired bombshell shunned the middle class conventions of\\nmid-century France, her sentiment stands when it comes to matters of men’s\\nstyle .\\n\\nAfter many seasons devoted to all things preppy, prim and proper, fashion’s\\npendulum is swinging back towards weathered denim, sandals, cotton tunics,\\nbraided leather belts and other ‘hippie’ stalwarts for spring/summer.\\n\\nIt isn’t easy to give in to such free-spirited ways of thinking (and dressing\\nfor that matter) when your day job requires a stuffy suit and tie.\\nNonetheless, there’s ample opportunity – if only during off-duty hours – to\\ntrial the more insouciant look that’s trending right now, whether you’re\\ntaking inspiration from 1960s beatniks, 1970s-era hippies, 1980s New Romantics\\nor the 1990s grunge scene.\\n\\nHere are some key ways to add a bohemian touch to your wardrobe that don’t\\nrequire you committing to wearing flowers in your hair:\\n\\n## Lighten Up On The Denim Front\\n\\nHarking back to authentic bohemian style means swapping your deep indigo\\nselvedge for something several shades lighter.\\n\\nThis season, try investing in a classic pair of light wash jeans, in shades\\nfrom mid-blue (as seen at Prada) to faded blue (as shown by Dior Homme). If\\nyou aren’t precious about your denim, giving your raw, dark jeans a couple of\\ngood 60 degree washes will also do the trick.\\n\\nIn addition, keep your eye out for distressed detailing and rips that\\nepitomise a relaxed, devil-may-care attitude.\\n\\n###### Key Styles\\n\\n * Allsaints Anhu Iggy Jeans\\n * Nudie Jeans Steady Eddie In Blonde Slubs\\n * Topman Light Wash Classic Skinny Fit Jeans\\n * Wrangler Jeans Bryson Skinny Fit The Angler Light Wash\\n * Cheap Monday Tight Jeans Skinny Fit In Stonewash Blue\\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Light Wash Jan Jeans\\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Light Wash Steve Jeans\\n * River Island Light Wash Dylan Slim Jeans\\n * Saint Laurent Skinny-leg Stretch-cotton Jeans\\n * Reiss Southland Light Straight-fit Jeans Light Blue\\n * Ami Slim-fit Washed-denim Jeans\\n * Levis 501 Ct Jeans 501 Ct Slim-fit Jeans\\n\\n## Work Some Art Into Your Attire\\n\\nHand-painted details, inscriptions, messages and graphics – from the literal\\nto the abstract – all have a place in bohemian style.\\n\\nIf you’re not feeling the graffiti-covered tailoring seen on the SS15 runways\\nat Dior, or Burberry’s fully printed jacket with matching accessories, why not\\nget started with a simple printed scarf?\\n\\n###### Key Styles\\n\\n * He By Mango Paisley Modal-blend Scarf\\n * Vivienne Westwood Scribble Orb Silk Scarf\\n * Ted Baker Dazzys Graphic Floral Scarf\\n * Alexander Mcqueen Abstract Print Scarf\\n * Burberry Prorsum Typographic-print Cashmere Scarf\\n * He By Mango Paisley Cotton Scarf\\n * Etro Windowpane-check And Paisley-print Modal And Wool-blend Scarf\\n * Etro Paisley-print Wool And Silk-blend Scarf\\n * Junya Watanabe Printed Cotton And Linen-blend Scarf\\n\\n## Swap Your Striped Shirt For Something Floral\\n\\nNothing says free-spirited like a floral shirt, while nothing says corporate\\nlike a striped shirt, so it makes sense to switch it up.\\n\\nInstead of that same old striped style you pair with chinos for an off-duty\\nweekend look, why not try a Liberty print version this summer? Or consider\\npaisley, as seen at Saint Laurent. Keep it relaxed and mellow when it comes to\\nstyling – that means no cufflinks, collar stiffeners or any other trappings of\\nthe bourgeois menswear wardrobe.\\n\\n###### Key Styles\\n\\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Floral-print Shirt\\n * Pull&bear Shirt With Floral Skull Print\\n * Sisley Shirt With All Over Floral Print\\n * Allsaints Chesaw Shirt\\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Floral-print Shirt\\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Tropical-print Shirt\\n * Reiss Bondi Dark Bloom Shirt Black\\n * Burberry London Southbrook Geometric Floral-print Shirt\\n * Liberty Print Mens Pink Phoebe Print Cotton Shirt\\n * Nn.07 New Derek Floral-print Cotton-chambray Shirt\\n * Saint Laurent Stand-collar Paisley-print Silk Shirt\\n * Incotex Ween Slim-fit Paisley-print Cotton Shirt\\n\\n## Suede Is The New Leather\\n\\nA suede jacket, particularly one in shades from tan to dark brown, is SS15’s\\ncoolest cover up option.\\n\\nJust make sure the design fits with the colour choice – opt for cropped\\nblazers or worker silhouettes rather than elasticised bombers or biker styles,\\nwhich tend to look best in black.\\n\\nIt’s Saint Laurent once again leading the movement for SS15, although Prada’s\\nsmooth leather coat in tan leather dips into the trend just as well.\\n\\n###### Key Styles\\n\\n * Edwin Sueded Jacket Panhead 2 Pocket\\n * He By Mango Buttoned Suede Jacket\\n * Asos Suede Western Jacket\\n * Allsaints Ocarno Suede Jacket\\n * Allsaints Ocarno Suede Jacket\\n * The Kooples Zip Jacket In Lambskin Suede\\n * Saint Laurent Slim-fit Suede Jacket\\n * Sandro Suede Jacket\\n * Oliver Spencer Suede Shirt Jacket\\n\\n## Swap Trainers For Leather Sandals\\n\\nThey’re not suitable until the weather really warms up, and it takes a good\\nbit of confidence to team them with jeans, but if you manage this one, then\\nyou will nail that sense of bohemian nonchalance.\\n\\nAlthough Prada and Fendi showed us this season’s best sandals, the high street\\nis filled with more affordable versions – a good call for those who aren’t yet\\nfully committed to the aesthetic.\\n\\n###### Key Styles\\n\\n * Selected Homme Courtney Sliders In Brown\\n * Jerusalem Sandals Golan Sandals\\n * He By Mango Leather Sandals\\n * Asos Sandals In Leather\\n * Asos Sandals In Leather With Cross Over Strap\\n * Aldo Alaydia Leather Sandals\\n * Ted Baker Casspor Printed Sandals\\n * Aldo Runako\\n * Allsaints Shaw Sandal\\n * Opera Darte Terni Bi-strap Leather Sandals\\n * Kurt Geiger Keldy Leather Sandals\\n * A.p.c. Crepe-sole Leather Sandals\\n\\n## Style Yourself Like You Don’t Care\\n\\nThis is paramount to pulling off bohemian style convincingly, and probably the\\nmost difficult aspect to master.\\n\\nUntucking your shirt, letting a scarf drape loosely around your shoulders,\\nwearing relaxed-cut tailoring, going sockless, or even skipping (certain)\\nsteps of your grooming routine (not shaving, for example) will help you\\ndevelop that artfully dishevelled look.\\n\\nAlso key is ensuring you don’t look too coordinated or put-together, even if\\nsome of you might feel a bit of an anarchist by doing so.\\n\\n## Do A 180 With Your Accessories\\n\\nYou want to accessorise this aesthetic with jewellery (leather/beaded\\nbracelets and pendants rather than cufflinks), a slouchy leather/canvas bag\\ninstead of a structured briefcase, loafers rather than monk-straps or brogues,\\na neckerchief instead of your usual tie, a simple gold chain instead of a\\nstatement wristwatch, etc.\\n\\nAs a rule of thumb, if it looks straight-laced then it’s best left at home.\\n\\n###### Key Styles\\n\\n * Icon Brand Multi Necklace\\n * Simon Carter Semi Precious Bracelet Pack\\n\\nGabriel Weil\\n\\nPrevious articleThe Best Suede Shirts To Buy In 2021\\n\\nNext articleHenry Cavill Style: How To Wear A Suit When You're Huge\\n\\n### Similar Articles\\n\\n### 6 Types Of Boots Every Man Should Own\\n\\nMen's Style Murray Clark - October 31, 2021\\n\\nThe tail-end of the year is a high-maintenance mistress to dress for,\\nparticularly when it comes to footwear. One miscalculated choice and that\\nstride...\\n\\n### How To Fold A Pocket Square Like A Pro\\n\\nMen's Style Jess Brown - October 30, 2021\\n\\nNot a lot of people know this, but the pocket square has been around since\\nbefore Don Draper. Quite a bit before, in fact....\\n\\n#### TRENDING ARTICLES\\n\\nThe Best Affordable Watch Brands For Men\\n\\nTrending Accessories\\n\\nThe Best Short Sleeve Button Up Shirts You Can Buy For Summer 2021\\n\\n#### TRENDING ARTICLES\\n\\nThe Best Affordable Jeans You Can Buy In 2021\\n\\nThe Best Sneaker Brands In The World Right Now\\n\\nThe Best Smart Casual Dressing Guide You'll Ever Read\\n\\nHomeMen's Style\\n\\nINFORMATION\\n\\n * Advertising\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy & Cookies Policy\\n * Terms & Conditions\\n\\nFASHION & STYLE\\n\\n * Mens Fashion\\n * Mens Style\\n * Mens Grooming\\n * Best Mens Watches\\n * Discount Codes\\n * Clothing Sales\\n\\nHAIRSTYLES\\n\\n * Mens Haircuts\\n * Short Hairstyles\\n * Medium Length Hairstyles\\n * Long Hairstyles\\n * Curly Hairstyles\\n * Black Men Hairstyles\\n\\nBUYING GUIDES\\n\\n * Birthday Gifts For Him\\n * Anniversary Gifts For Him\\n * Anniversary Gifts For Her\\n * Mother's Day Gifts\\n * Father's Day Gifts\\n\\nCONNECT WITH FASHIONBEANS\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nInstagram\\n\\nPinterest\\n\\nFASHIONBEANS NEWSLETTER\\n\\nSIGN UP\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 Solid Ventures, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\nAll products featured on FashionBeans are independently selected by our\\neditors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn\\nan affiliate commission. The material on this site can not be reproduced,\\ndistributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with prior written\\npermission of Solid Ventures.\\n\\nWe are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website.\\n\\nPowered by GDPR Cookie Compliance\\n\\nPrivacy Overview\\n\\nThis website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user\\nexperience possible. Cookie information is stored in your browser and performs\\nfunctions such as recognising you when you return to our website and helping\\nour team to understand which sections of the website you find most interesting\\nand useful.\\n\\nStrictly Necessary Cookies\\n\\nStrictly Necessary Cookie should be enabled at all times so that we can save\\nyour preferences for cookie settings.\\n\\nIf you disable this cookie, we will not be able to save your preferences. This\\nmeans that every time you visit this website you will need to enable or\\ndisable cookies again.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":365,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":683593,"string":"683,593"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Be a Tax Preparer"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To become a tax preparer, apply for jobs that offer tax preparer training or enroll in a training program offered by the Accreditation Council for Accountancy and Taxation. After training, obtain a Preparer Tax Identification Number using the IRS website. Then, to become certified, register with your state by searching \"tax preparer registration\" and the name of your state. Once you are certified, you can work for a tax preparation company or start your own business."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20161217005815/http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent","http://web.archive.org/web/20200928090230/https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/","http://web.archive.org/web/20150217234154/http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs","http://web.archive.org/web/20200926183820/https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer","http://web.archive.org/web/20200831031941/https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20171015172608/http://learn.org:80/articles/Tax_Preparer_5_Steps_to_Becoming_a_Tax_Preparer.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20200909010747/https://www.irs.gov/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210123202315/https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services","http://web.archive.org/web/20200921073229/https://study.com/articles/Tax_Preparer_Educational_Requirements_to_be_a_Tax_Accounting_Professional.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161217005815/http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928090230/https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150217234154/http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200926183820/https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200831031941/https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171015172608/http://learn.org:80/articles/Tax_Preparer_5_Steps_to_Becoming_a_Tax_Preparer.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200909010747/https://www.irs.gov/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210123202315/https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921073229/https://study.com/articles/Tax_Preparer_Educational_Requirements_to_be_a_Tax_Accounting_Professional.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":438,"string":"438"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161217005815/http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent","parsed_text":{"title":"How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?","passages":["There are two tracks to become an enrolled agent, which are outlined in Treasury Department Circular 230, Regulations Governing the Practice of Attorneys, Certified Public Accountants, Enrolled Agents, Enrolled Actuaries, and Appraisers Before the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS website also provides information on the enrollment process. Prometric administers the exam process for IRS. The two tracks are:","Online examination. You can become an enrolled agent by demonstrating special competence in tax matters by taking a online examination administered by Prometric. This track requires that you -","Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicant's tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.","IRS experience. You can become an enrolled agent by virtue of past service and technical experience with the IRS that qualifies you for enrollment. This track requires that you -","Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicants tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.","NAEA, the only organization which represents enrolled agents solely, wants to help you achieve your goals. We can help you do it! Want to talk with a seasoned EA? Join our contact list."]},"parsed_md":"How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent? | NAEA\n\nJump to NavigationJump to Content\n\n * About NAEA\n * Find A Tax Expert\n * Forums\n * Contact\n\nLogin\n\n * Find A Tax Expert\n * Membership\n\n * Join NAEA\n * My Account\n * Renew My Membership\n * Member Resources\n * Publications\n * NAEA Store\n * Education & Events\n\n * Continuing Education\n * NAEA Education Foundation/Scholarships\n * National Tax Practice Institute\n * NTPI Level 1 Online\n * EA Journal CE\n * learning.naea.org\n * CE Transcripts & Certificates\n * Calendar\n * Schuldiner/Smollan Leadership Academy (SSLA). CURRENTLY ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS!\n * Fall Webinars\n * NTPI Orlando\n * Winter Webinars\n * 2016 IRS Tax Forums\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\n\n * Enrolled Agent (EA) Examination\n * What Is An Enrolled Agent?\n * A Career As An Enrolled Agent\n * How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\n * Becoming an Enrolled Agent FAQs\n * Studying for the Enrolled Agent (EA) Exam\n * NAEA Online Self-Study EA Exam Preparation Course\n * What do I need to do to keep my license?\n * Advocacy\n\n * NAEA PAC\n * Government Relations Committee Members\n * Testimony\n * Comments & Letters\n * NAEA Position Papers\n * NAEA Fly-in Day\n * Grassroots\n * State Advocacy\n * Speeches\n\n * Robert Kerr Addresses Senior Identity Theft on FTC Panel\n * IRS RPO Director David Williams speaks to NAEA\n * IRS Executive Implementation Lead David Williams Discusses Return Preparer Oversight\n * Newsroom\n\n * News\n * Multimedia Gallery\n * Educating America\n\n * Affiliate Tools\n * EA Testimonials\n * For Students and Colleges\n * State Affiliates\n\nHome › Become an Enrolled Agent\n\n# How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\n\nThere are two tracks to become an enrolled agent, which are outlined in\nTreasury Department Circular 230, Regulations Governing the Practice of\nAttorneys, Certified Public Accountants, Enrolled Agents, Enrolled Actuaries,\nand Appraisers Before the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS website also\nprovides information on the enrollment process. Prometric administers the exam\nprocess for IRS. The two tracks are:\n\n * Online examination. You can become an enrolled agent by demonstrating special competence in tax matters by taking a online examination administered by Prometric. This track requires that you -\n\n * Obtain a Personal Tax Identification Number (PTIN)\n * Apply to take the Special Enrollment Examination (SEE);\n * Achieve passing scores on all parts of the SEE;\n * Apply for enrollment on Form 23; and\n * Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicant's tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\n * IRS experience. You can become an enrolled agent by virtue of past service and technical experience with the IRS that qualifies you for enrollment. This track requires that you -\n\n * Possess the years of past service and technical experience specified in Circular 230;\n * Apply for enrollment Form 23; and\n * Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicants tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\n\nNAEA, the only organization which represents enrolled agents solely, wants to\nhelp you achieve your goals. We can help you do it! Want to talk with a\nseasoned EA? Join our contact list.\n\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\n\n * Enrolled Agent (EA) Examination\n * What Is An Enrolled Agent?\n * A Career As An Enrolled Agent\n * How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\n * Becoming an Enrolled Agent FAQs\n * Studying for the Enrolled Agent (EA) Exam\n * NAEA Online Self-Study EA Exam Preparation Course\n * What do I need to do to keep my license?\n\n## National Association of Enrolled Agents\n\n1730 Rhode Island Avenue, NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 20036-3953 Toll free:\n855-880-NAEA (6232) 202-822-NAEA (6232) 202-822-6270-Fax | info@naea.org\n\n * Find A Tax Expert\n * Membership\n * Education & Events\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\n * Advocacy\n * Newsroom\n * Educating America\n * State Affiliates\n\n * Advertising & Sponsorship\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n\n## CONNECT WITH NAEA ON:\n\n© 2016 National Association of Enrolled Agents\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928090230/https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Get Licensed","passages":["Whether you need to obtain your initial CPA license, or are a licensed CPA needing to practice in a new location, we’ve outlined the steps you need to take:","First, determine where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, and then make sure you obtain the appropriate education and other requirements needed to qualify in that state. While this may sound pretty simple, the tricky part is that the education requirements to sit for the CPA exam are different for every state. For example, some states require 120 total semester hours to qualify; while others require 150 total hours. There are also more narrow educational requirements specific to each state such as 33 semester hours in accounting and 36 semester hours in business. A different state might require 33 semester hours in accounting and have no minimum semester hours for business. There are also other requirements that states enforce regarding age, residency, etc. You should be sure to review requirements and criteria for states you are considering for application.","If you’re already pretty far along in your education, you can determine which state’s CPA exam education and other requirements most closely match your personal profile and apply for the exam in that state. Each state board of accountancy provides this information on their individual websites. You can also find the state-specific exam requirements for most states here.","However, the easiest and fastest way to find out where you are likely to qualify for the CPA exam and CPA license is by using NASBA’s Accountancy Licensing Library (ALL). ALL features a Research Tool that allows you to select the search criteria that match your information and then generates a report showing which states enforce those requirements. You can perform an unlimited number of searches for one day for only $10.","Once you have completed the education requirements for the state where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, you should review the Uniform CPA Examination Candidate Bulletin. This document is a great resource that provides information about the exam process (how to apply, scheduling your exam, taking the exam, receiving your scores, etc.), and exam content (preparing for the exam, length and formats, specifications and sample question types, etc.).","After reviewing the Candidate Bulletin, you should view a tutorial and take the sample tests available on the AICPA website.","Once you’re ready to apply to take the CPA exam, come back to the CPA exam section of our website to get all of the specific information you need.","After successfully passing all four sections of the CPA exam, the next step is to complete the other requirements for obtaining a CPA license in the state in which you plan to ultimately practice as a CPA. Just like requirements for the CPA exam, requirements (like education and work experience) for a CPA license vary from state to state.","For example, many states require at least one year of public accounting work experience to qualify for a CPA license; while others accept different types of work experience in place of public accounting experience (such as teaching, self-employment and part-time employment). To add to the complexity, some states have more specific requirements, such as a specified amount of auditing work experience.","If you reside and work in the United States, then you are required to be licensed in the state where you live and practice. Most states now offer Mobility privileges that allow CPAs to service clients across state borders, but those laws can take some delicate navigation as well.","Watch a video about the process of becoming a CPA > Get help determining where to get a CPA license"]},"parsed_md":"How to Get Licensed | NASBA\n\n * Contact Us\n * About Us\n * Careers\n\n * MEMBER CENTER\n\n * Board Member Portal\n * Member Products & Services\n\n * Communications & Outreach\n * Legislative Support\n\n * Marijuana – Board Guidance\n * Board Statutes\n * Key Person Contact Program\n * Legislative Tracking\n * Session Snapshot\n * North Carolina Dental Case\n * Board Gateway Access\n * Committees\n * PROC Resources\n * Enforcement Tools\n\n * Board Counsel Boot Camp Materials\n * NASBA Awards\n\n * Award Criteria\n * Past Winners\n * ED Login\n * Meetings & Events\n\n * 2018 ED Conference\n * Calendar View\n * EXAMS\n\n * CPA Exam Credit Extension\n * Continuous Testing Overview and Status Map\n * CPA Exam\n * International Qualification Examination (IQEX)\n * NASBA International Evaluation Services\n * Exam News\n * Products and Services\n * LICENSURE\n\n * Getting a License\n * NASBA Licensing\n * How Many CPAs?\n * Maintaining a License\n * Boards of Accountancy\n * Substantial Equivalency\n * Mobility\n * International\n * Products & Services\n * EDUCATION\n\n * Education Eligibility Requirements\n * Becoming a CPA\n * NASBA International Evaluation Services\n * Maintaining a License\n * National Registry of CPE Sponsors\n * Research Grant Proposals\n\n * Research Grant Topics and Recipients\n * Confirm Registry Sponsor\n * Products & Services\n\n * Meetings & Events\n * International\n * News\n * Publications\n * Boards of Accountancy\n\n## PRODUCTS & SERVICES\n\n## MEDIA & RESOURCES\n\n * Home\n * Getting a License\n * How to Get Licensed\n\n# How to Get Licensed\n\nWhether you need to obtain your initial CPA license, or are a licensed CPA\nneeding to practice in a new location, we’ve outlined the steps you need to\ntake:\n\n### Step 1: Determine where you plan to take the exam and complete the\nrequirements for that state.\n\nFirst, determine where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, and then make sure\nyou obtain the appropriate education and other requirements needed to qualify\nin that state. While this may sound pretty simple, the tricky part is that the\neducation requirements to sit for the CPA exam are different for every state.\nFor example, some states require 120 total semester hours to qualify; while\nothers require 150 total hours. There are also more narrow educational\nrequirements specific to each state such as 33 semester hours in accounting\nand 36 semester hours in business. A different state might require 33 semester\nhours in accounting and have no minimum semester hours for business. There are\nalso other requirements that states enforce regarding age, residency, etc. You\nshould be sure to review requirements and criteria for states you are\nconsidering for application.\n\nIf you’re already pretty far along in your education, you can determine which\nstate’s CPA exam education and other requirements most closely match your\npersonal profile and apply for the exam in that state. Each state board of\naccountancy provides this information on their individual websites. You can\nalso find the state-specific exam requirements for most states here.\n\nHowever, the easiest and fastest way to find out where you are likely to\nqualify for the CPA exam and CPA license is by using NASBA’s Accountancy\nLicensing Library (ALL). ALL features a Research Tool that allows you to\nselect the search criteria that match your information and then generates a\nreport showing which states enforce those requirements. You can perform an\nunlimited number of searches for one day for only $10.\n\n> Learn more about the Accountancy Licensing Library (ALL) and its Research\n> Tool\n\nWhat would really help you in this process is to determine ahead of time in\nwhich state you plan to become licensed as a CPA. Finding out the license\nrequirements early can help ensure a smooth path to becoming a CPA, but we\nrealize that’s not always an option. Where you take the exam is not dependent\non where you intend to practice. CPA exam test scores can be transferred to\nany state for the purpose of getting a CPA license.\n\n### Step 2: Now you are ready to sit for the CPA Exam.\n\nOnce you have completed the education requirements for the state where you\nplan to sit for the CPA exam, you should review the Uniform CPA Examination\nCandidate Bulletin. This document is a great resource that provides\ninformation about the exam process (how to apply, scheduling your exam, taking\nthe exam, receiving your scores, etc.), and exam content (preparing for the\nexam, length and formats, specifications and sample question types, etc.).\n\nAfter reviewing the Candidate Bulletin, you should view a tutorial and take\nthe sample tests available on the AICPA website.\n\nOnce you’re ready to apply to take the CPA exam, come back to the CPA exam\nsection of our website to get all of the specific information you need.\n\n### Step 3: Determine where you plan to obtain your CPA license.\n\nAfter successfully passing all four sections of the CPA exam, the next step is\nto complete the other requirements for obtaining a CPA license in the state in\nwhich you plan to ultimately practice as a CPA. Just like requirements for the\nCPA exam, requirements (like education and work experience) for a CPA license\nvary from state to state.\n\nFor example, many states require at least one year of public accounting work\nexperience to qualify for a CPA license; while others accept different types\nof work experience in place of public accounting experience (such as teaching,\nself-employment and part-time employment). To add to the complexity, some\nstates have more specific requirements, such as a specified amount of auditing\nwork experience.\n\nIf you reside and work in the United States, then you are required to be\nlicensed in the state where you live and practice. Most states now offer\nMobility privileges that allow CPAs to service clients across state borders,\nbut those laws can take some delicate navigation as well.\n\n> Watch a video about the process of becoming a CPA > Get help determining\n> where to get a CPA license \n \n--- \n \n * Contact Us\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Email Signup\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Technical Support\n\n * NASBA Membership 150 Fourth Ave. North Suite 700 Nashville, TN 37219-2417 Tel: 615-880-4200 Fax: 615-880-4290\n\n * CPA Examination Services 800-CPA-EXAM (800-272-3926) International: 615-880-4250 cpaexam@nasba.org\n\nCopyright © 2006 – 2020 National Association of State Boards of Accountancy,\nInc. All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150217234154/http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs","parsed_text":{"title":"7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs","passages":["That may be true in terms of hours in the work week, but many part-time jobs pay just as well as a traditional 40-hour week ones and a number of positions come with health insurance coverage, paid vacation days and employee discounts.","1. Tax Preparer Thousands of people need help every year to file their returns. Part-time tax preparers are often accountants who know their way around deductions and forms, and who want extra income. Though the job typically peaks in the spring, many clients choose to retain their tax professional as a year-round personal accountant and adviser. Salary: Set your own fee. H&R Block (Stock Quote: HRB) typically charges anywhere from $100 to $200 for their services, so you can probably charge up to $80 and still offer a bargain.","2. Substitute Teacher Many states offer substitute teaching positions without requiring a teaching degree. Often, anyone with a bachelor’s degree is eligible, provided they pass a background check and interview. The length of employment varies and you should be flexible for days when you get a frantic last-minute call at 6 a.m., but it’s a good way to put your education to use while aiding in the education of others. Salary: Varies depending on the state. In Oregon, for example, substitutes get about $150 a day.","3. Private Tutor Jeremiah LeBrash started tutoring in college as a way to make some extra income. He’s now making enough money for it to be his full- time job. “I started out teaching SAT prep for Kaplan, but I was only making $20 an hour,” he says. “I realized I could do it on my own, give my students one-on-one attention, and charge twice as much.” LeBrash now charges $80 an hour for test preparation and $60 for general math and science help. Salary: Companies like Kaplan and The Princeton Review pay tutors anywhere from $20 to $60 an hour, depending on the test they teach and the size of the class. Private tutors, like LeBrash, can set their own fee.","4. Part-Time Receptionist Answering telephones and receiving packages may not be the most glamorous job, but according to career counselor Judith Gerberg, it’s a great opportunity to network. Gerberg, president of the Career Counselors Consortium, knew a laid off radio DJ who ended up working as a receptionist for a law firm. She soon became acquainted with a filmmaker client who loved her music knowledge so much, he hired her as an associate producer. “Lawyers and small businesses always need administrative help,” says Gerberg. “You might be making minimum wage, but keep your ego under wraps. You never know who will walk through the door.” Salary: Varies, but can be in the $20,000-a-year range.","5. Computer Technician Gerberg says there is an increased need for tech support, as more people move their businesses home. Computer technicians make basic repairs, set up wi-fi and perform other jobs. Companies are also looking for individuals who can build websites, which makes this a no-brainer for anyone with a little creativity and HTML experience. Salary: Set your own fee. Tech support rates vary according to the job, rates can be around $30 an hour or more.","6. Copy Editor “Copy editing is proofreading,” says Rachel Goldman, who took her skills honed in her day job as an online news producer and used them to score part-time work as well. In addition to checking texts for spelling, punctuation, grammar and formatting errors, \"I also help the person brainstorm and flesh out their work,” says Goldman. Although she started out editing essays for college students, Goldman is now working on documents such as patent applications and television scripts as well. Salary: Goldman’s fees vary based on length and subject matter, but she estimates that she makes about $100 per document.","7. Direct Seller Companies such as Amway and Avon (Stock Quote: AVP) allow people to make money on their own time, while offering incentive programs like discounted insurance. And while the recession may have curbed consumer spending, Avon recently reported earnings that were above expectations. “Our products are selling well because it’s affordable luxury,” says Lindsay Blaker, an Avon spokesperson. Salary: Blaker says she’s seen reps make anywhere from a few hundred dollars a month to six-figure annual salaries. “I met someone who went from a corporate setting to becoming a full-time seller because she was making just as much money staying at home,” she says. “People love the flexibility of the job.”"]},"parsed_md":"7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs - MainStreet\n\n# 7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs\n\n * MainStreet Staff\n * Feb 23, 2009 7:00 AM EST\n\nThe common perception is that part-time jobs have less to offer than full-time\npositions.\n\nThat may be true in terms of hours in the work week, but many part-time jobs\npay just as well as a traditional 40-hour week ones and a number of positions\ncome with health insurance coverage, paid vacation days and employee\ndiscounts.\n\nHere is our list of some of the best part-time jobs:\n\n1\\. Tax Preparer Thousands of people need help every year to file their\nreturns. Part-time tax preparers are often accountants who know their way\naround deductions and forms, and who want extra income. Though the job\ntypically peaks in the spring, many clients choose to retain their tax\nprofessional as a year-round personal accountant and adviser. Salary: Set your\nown fee. H&R Block (Stock Quote: HRB) typically charges anywhere from $100 to\n$200 for their services, so you can probably charge up to $80 and still offer\na bargain.\n\n2\\. Substitute Teacher Many states offer substitute teaching positions without\nrequiring a teaching degree. Often, anyone with a bachelor’s degree is\neligible, provided they pass a background check and interview. The length of\nemployment varies and you should be flexible for days when you get a frantic\nlast-minute call at 6 a.m., but it’s a good way to put your education to use\nwhile aiding in the education of others. Salary: Varies depending on the\nstate. In Oregon, for example, substitutes get about $150 a day.\n\n3\\. Private Tutor Jeremiah LeBrash started tutoring in college as a way to\nmake some extra income. He’s now making enough money for it to be his full-\ntime job. “I started out teaching SAT prep for Kaplan, but I was only making\n$20 an hour,” he says. “I realized I could do it on my own, give my students\none-on-one attention, and charge twice as much.” LeBrash now charges $80 an\nhour for test preparation and $60 for general math and science help. Salary:\nCompanies like Kaplan and The Princeton Review pay tutors anywhere from $20 to\n$60 an hour, depending on the test they teach and the size of the class.\nPrivate tutors, like LeBrash, can set their own fee.\n\n4\\. Part-Time Receptionist Answering telephones and receiving packages may not\nbe the most glamorous job, but according to career counselor Judith Gerberg,\nit’s a great opportunity to network. Gerberg, president of the Career\nCounselors Consortium, knew a laid off radio DJ who ended up working as a\nreceptionist for a law firm. She soon became acquainted with a filmmaker\nclient who loved her music knowledge so much, he hired her as an associate\nproducer. “Lawyers and small businesses always need administrative help,” says\nGerberg. “You might be making minimum wage, but keep your ego under wraps. You\nnever know who will walk through the door.” Salary: Varies, but can be in the\n$20,000-a-year range.\n\n5\\. Computer Technician Gerberg says there is an increased need for tech\nsupport, as more people move their businesses home. Computer technicians make\nbasic repairs, set up wi-fi and perform other jobs. Companies are also looking\nfor individuals who can build websites, which makes this a no-brainer for\nanyone with a little creativity and HTML experience. Salary: Set your own fee.\nTech support rates vary according to the job, rates can be around $30 an hour\nor more.\n\n6\\. Copy Editor “Copy editing is proofreading,” says Rachel Goldman, who took\nher skills honed in her day job as an online news producer and used them to\nscore part-time work as well. In addition to checking texts for spelling,\npunctuation, grammar and formatting errors, \"I also help the person brainstorm\nand flesh out their work,” says Goldman. Although she started out editing\nessays for college students, Goldman is now working on documents such as\npatent applications and television scripts as well. Salary: Goldman’s fees\nvary based on length and subject matter, but she estimates that she makes\nabout $100 per document.\n\n7\\. Direct Seller Companies such as Amway and Avon (Stock Quote: AVP) allow\npeople to make money on their own time, while offering incentive programs like\ndiscounted insurance. And while the recession may have curbed consumer\nspending, Avon recently reported earnings that were above expectations. “Our\nproducts are selling well because it’s affordable luxury,” says Lindsay\nBlaker, an Avon spokesperson. Salary: Blaker says she’s seen reps make\nanywhere from a few hundred dollars a month to six-figure annual salaries. “I\nmet someone who went from a corporate setting to becoming a full-time seller\nbecause she was making just as much money staying at home,” she says. “People\nlove the flexibility of the job.”\n\n—For the best rates on CDs, mortgages, savings, credit cards and more, enter\nyour ZIP code at BankingMyWay.com.\n\nRelated Stories:\n\nWho's Hiring Part-Time: Six Flags and Toll Roads\n\nWho's Hiring Part Time: Lowe’s, JCPenney & Jamba Juice\n\n7 More Specialized Job Search Sites\n\nWays to Make Cash When There Are No Jobs\n\nShow Comments\n\nBack to Top\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200926183820/https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Become a Tax Preparer","passages":["Tax preparers prepare and file federal and state tax returns for paying clients. In some states, they may work independently, but in other states, they are required to work under the supervision of a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), attorney, or other tax professional.","Tax preparers must be familiar with the various tax forms and schedules that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and state tax boards issue, and they should be comfortable using math and computers. Tax preparers examine their client’s financial records and work with them to determine their tax obligation and to identify tax credits and deductions for which they qualify. They then fill out the appropriate forms and submit them to the state and federal government on their client’s behalf, signing their name on the return to identify themselves as the preparer.","Tax preparers are generally not required to have any specific educational background beyond a high school diploma, but there are courses and training programs they can complete to learn what they need to know to prepare tax returns.","Tax preparer training courses are offered by tax preparation companies and tax schools. These courses cover topics like filing status, standard deductions, dependents, wages, taxable benefits, income from interest, retirement plans and pensions, social security income, health savings accounts, business expenses, charitable contributions, foreign tax, tax as it relates to real estate transactions, and various credits and deductions.","Students in tax preparer courses also learn about the various forms and schedules their clients may be required to file. Some clients have complicated finances that require the use of forms beyond the standard forms most people file. Clients who own businesses, are independent contractors, or earn income from a farm, for example, have special filing requirements.","Tax preparer courses also teach students state-specific tax information. Each state has its own tax code and preparers should be as familiar with the requirements for filing taxes in their state as they are with federal tax requirements.","Tax preparers must meet both federal and state licensure and registration requirements. The IRS requires tax preparers to obtain a Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) before they can accept payment for preparing tax returns. To apply for a PTIN, prospective tax preparers submit their social security number, personal information, and previous year’s tax return to the IRS. Applicants must also disclose any past felony convictions or problems with their tax obligations. Tax preparers who have been granted a PTIN but are not CPAs, attorneys, or “enrolled agents” are known as “unenrolled preparers” and possess the minimum qualifications required to prepare federal taxes. Unenrolled preparers are limited to filing only certain types of tax returns and cannot represent their clients before the IRS beyond the basic audit level.","Some tax preparers become enrolled agents so they can file returns for and represent all types of taxpayers. To become an enrolled agent, preparers must pass a three-part examination that tests knowledge of individual tax returns, business tax returns, and representation before the IRS. In addition to passing this exam, enrolled agent applicants must pass a compliance check on their tax history. Once they are licensed, enrolled agents must complete 16 hours of continuing education per year to maintain their status.","Individual states set their own requirements for the licensure and registration of tax preparers. Some states require only that tax preparers have a valid PTIN, while others require education and testing. Preparers who are CPAs, attorneys, or enrolled agents may be exempt from some or all state registration requirements.","Tax preparers can request a PTIN before completing any tax education, but it may take some time for the IRS to issue the number. It can take several weeks to complete a tax preparation course and additional time beyond that to pass any examinations required for state registration or licensure.","The median yearly pay for tax preparers in the United States was $43,350 in 2012. The lowest ten percent of this group earned less than $18,820 that year, and the top ten percent made more than $80,360.","The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment of tax preparers will grow 10 percent between 2012 and 2020, about as fast as the average growth for all occupations.","Tax preparers who start out as unenrolled preparers can pursue additional training and become enrolled agents, which allows them to provide services to a wider range of clients and possibly charge more for their services. Some tax preparers go to work for themselves, and if they are successful, their businesses may expand.","If you are qualified by your state’s standards to work as an independent tax preparer, you can get started by advertising your services in your community. As you build a client base, you should start receiving more referrals for your business.","If you cannot yet work independently or want to work for an established business, you can apply for positions with accounting or law firms that offer tax services. There are several large corporations that provide tax preparation services, and you can look for work with these companies as well.","The IRS devotes a section of its website to information for tax professionals, and this can be a good resource for you to learn about providing tax preparation services. You can also search your state tax board or department’s web site for information about the registration or licensure requirements for tax preparers in your state.","Professional associations like the National Association of Tax Professionals and the National Association of Enrolled Agents can be helpful sources of information as well.","Recommendation rate refers to the percent of students who said they would recommend this school based on reviews submitted to our partner site, GradReports.com.","This indicates that a school has an annual tuition of $15,000 or less as reported to the National Center for Education Statistics or based on the school's website.","This indicates that a school has a recommend rate of 60% or more and at least 6 reviews (based on data from our partner site GradReports.com)."]},"parsed_md":"How to Become a Tax Preparer\n\nHow to Become\n\nHome Career List Expert Advice Contact Us\n\nFind a Taxation School\n\n14 Degrees from 10 Schools\n\n# How to Become a Tax Preparer\n\nTax preparers prepare and file federal and state tax returns for paying\nclients. In some states, they may work independently, but in other states,\nthey are required to work under the supervision of a Certified Public\nAccountant (CPA), attorney, or other tax professional.\n\nTax preparers must be familiar with the various tax forms and schedules that\nthe Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and state tax boards issue, and they should\nbe comfortable using math and computers. Tax preparers examine their client’s\nfinancial records and work with them to determine their tax obligation and to\nidentify tax credits and deductions for which they qualify. They then fill out\nthe appropriate forms and submit them to the state and federal government on\ntheir client’s behalf, signing their name on the return to identify themselves\nas the preparer.\n\nWhat kind of training is required to become a tax preparer?\n\nTax preparers are generally not required to have any specific educational\nbackground beyond a high school diploma, but there are courses and training\nprograms they can complete to learn what they need to know to prepare tax\nreturns.\n\nTax preparer training courses are offered by tax preparation companies and tax\nschools. These courses cover topics like filing status, standard deductions,\ndependents, wages, taxable benefits, income from interest, retirement plans\nand pensions, social security income, health savings accounts, business\nexpenses, charitable contributions, foreign tax, tax as it relates to real\nestate transactions, and various credits and deductions.\n\nStudents in tax preparer courses also learn about the various forms and\nschedules their clients may be required to file. Some clients have complicated\nfinances that require the use of forms beyond the standard forms most people\nfile. Clients who own businesses, are independent contractors, or earn income\nfrom a farm, for example, have special filing requirements.\n\nTax preparer courses also teach students state-specific tax information. Each\nstate has its own tax code and preparers should be as familiar with the\nrequirements for filing taxes in their state as they are with federal tax\nrequirements.\n\nAre there any certification or licensure requirements?\n\nTax preparers must meet both federal and state licensure and registration\nrequirements. The IRS requires tax preparers to obtain a Preparer Tax\nIdentification Number (PTIN) before they can accept payment for preparing tax\nreturns. To apply for a PTIN, prospective tax preparers submit their social\nsecurity number, personal information, and previous year’s tax return to the\nIRS. Applicants must also disclose any past felony convictions or problems\nwith their tax obligations. Tax preparers who have been granted a PTIN but are\nnot CPAs, attorneys, or “enrolled agents” are known as “unenrolled preparers”\nand possess the minimum qualifications required to prepare federal taxes.\nUnenrolled preparers are limited to filing only certain types of tax returns\nand cannot represent their clients before the IRS beyond the basic audit\nlevel.\n\nSome tax preparers become enrolled agents so they can file returns for and\nrepresent all types of taxpayers. To become an enrolled agent, preparers must\npass a three-part examination that tests knowledge of individual tax returns,\nbusiness tax returns, and representation before the IRS. In addition to\npassing this exam, enrolled agent applicants must pass a compliance check on\ntheir tax history. Once they are licensed, enrolled agents must complete 16\nhours of continuing education per year to maintain their status.\n\nIndividual states set their own requirements for the licensure and\nregistration of tax preparers. Some states require only that tax preparers\nhave a valid PTIN, while others require education and testing. Preparers who\nare CPAs, attorneys, or enrolled agents may be exempt from some or all state\nregistration requirements.\n\nHow long does it take to become a tax preparer?\n\nTax preparers can request a PTIN before completing any tax education, but it\nmay take some time for the IRS to issue the number. It can take several weeks\nto complete a tax preparation course and additional time beyond that to pass\nany examinations required for state registration or licensure.\n\nWhat does a tax preparer earn?\n\nThe median yearly pay for tax preparers in the United States was $43,350 in\n2012. The lowest ten percent of this group earned less than $18,820 that year,\nand the top ten percent made more than $80,360.\n\nWhat are the job prospects?\n\nThe Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment of tax preparers will\ngrow 10 percent between 2012 and 2020, about as fast as the average growth for\nall occupations.\n\nWhat are the long term career prospects for tax preparers?\n\nTax preparers who start out as unenrolled preparers can pursue additional\ntraining and become enrolled agents, which allows them to provide services to\na wider range of clients and possibly charge more for their services. Some tax\npreparers go to work for themselves, and if they are successful, their\nbusinesses may expand.\n\nHow can I find a job as a tax preparer?\n\nIf you are qualified by your state’s standards to work as an independent tax\npreparer, you can get started by advertising your services in your community.\nAs you build a client base, you should start receiving more referrals for your\nbusiness.\n\nIf you cannot yet work independently or want to work for an established\nbusiness, you can apply for positions with accounting or law firms that offer\ntax services. There are several large corporations that provide tax\npreparation services, and you can look for work with these companies as well.\n\nHow can I learn more about becoming a tax preparer?\n\nThe IRS devotes a section of its website to information for tax professionals,\nand this can be a good resource for you to learn about providing tax\npreparation services. You can also search your state tax board or department’s\nweb site for information about the registration or licensure requirements for\ntax preparers in your state.\n\nProfessional associations like the National Association of Tax Professionals\nand the National Association of Enrolled Agents can be helpful sources of\ninformation as well.\n\n## Resources & Partners\n\n * Home\n * Career List\n * Expert Advice\n * Privacy\n * Contact Us\n * Do not sell my info\n\n * Follow us\n\nCopyright © 2020 Optimal. All Rights Reserved.\n\nOur tuition numbers reflect data collected from the National Center for\nEducation Statistics.\n\n * $ = Under $10,000 per year\n * $$ = Under $20,000 per year\n * $$$ = Under $30,000 per year\n * $$$$ = Under $40,000 per year\n * $$$$$ = Over $40,000 per year\n\nRecommendation rate refers to the percent of students who said they would\nrecommend this school based on reviews submitted to our partner site,\nGradReports.com.\n\nThis indicates that a school has an annual tuition of $15,000 or less as\nreported to the National Center for Education Statistics or based on the\nschool's website.\n\nThis indicates that a school has a recommend rate of 60% or more and at least\n6 reviews (based on data from our partner site GradReports.com).\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200831031941/https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Tax Preparers","passages":["The .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.","The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.","| Employment (1)| Employment RSE (3)| Mean hourly wage| Mean annual wage (2)| Wage RSE (3) ---|---|---|---|--- 66,670| 2.8 %| $23.82| $49,550| 1.4 %","Percentile| 10%| 25%| 50% (Median)| 75%| 90% ---|---|---|---|---|--- Hourly Wage| $10.46| $13.68| $20.71| $30.32| $41.86 Annual Wage (2)| $21,750| $28,450| $43,080| $63,070| $87,060","Industries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.","Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59| $23.67| $49,230 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Employment Services| 160| 0.00| $26.37| $54,850","Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59| $23.67| $49,230 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Office Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550","Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Management of Companies and Enterprises| 120| 0.01| $29.82| $62,030 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Office Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550","States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.","State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- California| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 Texas| 5,060| 0.41| 0.90| $25.71| $53,470 Florida| 4,910| 0.56| 1.23| $21.18| $44,050 New York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 Illinois| 2,600| 0.43| 0.95| $19.22| $39,980","State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- South Dakota| 370| 0.88| 1.94| $20.01| $41,630 Idaho| 610| 0.83| 1.83| $18.35| $38,170 Nebraska| 710| 0.72| 1.58| $20.79| $43,250 Montana| 330| 0.71| 1.56| $18.88| $39,260 Alaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890","State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- New York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 Colorado| 1,080| 0.40| 0.89| $28.82| $59,940 Massachusetts| 1,540| 0.43| 0.94| $28.67| $59,630 Alaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 California| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700","Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA| 3,570| 0.57| 1.26| $28.02| $58,280 Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI| 2,050| 0.44| 0.97| $19.40| $40,350 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL| 1,700| 0.65| 1.42| $21.87| $45,490 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV| 1,670| 0.53| 1.16| $25.02| $52,050 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX| 1,520| 0.42| 0.92| $27.23| $56,640 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH| 1,370| 0.49| 1.08| $30.02| $62,440 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA| 1,200| 0.44| 0.97| $24.80| $51,590 Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX| 1,060| 0.35| 0.76| $27.56| $57,330","Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Grants Pass, OR| 40| 1.59| 3.49| $14.90| $30,990 Rapid City, SD| 90| 1.41| 3.12| $23.42| $48,710 San Angelo, TX| 60| 1.29| 2.85| $21.41| $44,540 Reno, NV| 310| 1.28| 2.83| $22.62| $47,050 Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL| 220| 1.27| 2.79| (8)| (8) Fresno, CA| 430| 1.10| 2.43| $25.94| $53,960 Boise City, ID| 360| 1.09| 2.39| $16.97| $35,300 Billings, MT| 90| 1.05| 2.31| $22.25| $46,270 Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA| 500| 1.02| 2.24| $21.78| $45,310 Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY| 50| 0.99| 2.18| $16.51| $34,340","Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA| 730| 0.64| 1.42| $37.80| $78,620 Abilene, TX| 60| 0.91| 1.99| $35.79| $74,440 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 Danbury, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $34.20| $71,140 Burlington-South Burlington, VT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $32.95| $68,540 Stockton-Lodi, CA| 60| 0.25| 0.56| $32.39| $67,370 New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY| (8)| (8)| (8)| $31.15| $64,790 Boulder, CO| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.95| $64,390 New Haven, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.83| $64,130","Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Southeast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 Central Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 190| 1.04| 2.29| $11.22| $23,350 East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 Northeast Mississippi nonmetropolitan area| 150| 0.62| 1.38| $17.53| $36,460 Kansas nonmetropolitan area| 140| 0.36| 0.79| $15.88| $33,030","Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Eastern Utah nonmetropolitan area| 110| 1.38| 3.04| $16.25| $33,790 Border Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area| 70| 1.24| 2.72| $19.53| $40,630 Southeast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 East Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 120| 1.19| 2.61| $9.55| $19,860","Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- West North Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 80| 0.62| 1.37| $30.46| $63,350 West Central-Southwest New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.63| 1.39| $29.33| $61,010 South Central Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.27| 0.59| $26.83| $55,810 Northwest Iowa nonmetropolitan area| 40| 0.32| 0.70| $25.08| $52,160 Southwest Minnesota nonmetropolitan area| (8)| (8)| (8)| $24.73| $51,440","These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.","The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate --50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median. More about percentile wages.","(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.","(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a \"year-round, full-time\" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.","(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.","(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average."]},"parsed_md":"Tax Preparers\n\nSkip to Content\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nUnited States Department of Labor\n\nThe .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or\n.mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal\ngovernment site.\n\nThe site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the\nofficial website and that any information you provide is encrypted and\ntransmitted securely.\n\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\n\nFollow Us | Release Calendar | Blog\n\nOccupational Employment Statistics\n\nSHARE ON:\n\nPRINT:\n\nOES\n\nOccupational Employment Statistics\n\n * OES Homepage\n * OES Overview\n * OES FAQs\n * Contact OES\n\n * BROWSE OES\n * OES HOME\n * OES OVERVIEW\n\n * DATA AVAILABLE\n * SURVEY COVERAGE AND SCOPE\n * ESTIMATES AVAILABLE\n * USES OF THE DATA\n * OES NEWS RELEASES\n * OES DATA\n\n * OCCUPATION PROFILES\n * NATIONAL\n * STATE\n * METROPOLITAN AND NONMETROPOLITAN AREA\n * NATIONAL INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC AND BY OWNERSHIP\n * ALL OES DATA\n * OES CHARTS\n * OES Videos\n * OES MAPS\n * OES PUBLICATIONS\n\n * BY TYPE\n * BY TOPIC\n * OES DATABASES\n * OES FAQs\n * CONTACT OES\n\n * OES TOPICS\n * RESPONDENTS\n * DOCUMENTATION\n * SPECIAL NOTICES\n * RELATED LINKS\n\nSubscribe to the OES Update\n\n|\n\n# Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2019\n\n## 13-2082 Tax Preparers\n\nPrepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses. Excludes “Accountants\nand Auditors” (13-2011).\n\nNational estimates for this occupation Industry profile for this occupation\nGeographic profile for this occupation\n\n#### National estimates for this occupation: Top\n\nEmployment estimate and mean wage estimates for this occupation:\n\n| Employment (1)| Employment RSE (3)| Mean hourly wage| Mean annual wage (2)|\nWage RSE (3) \n---|---|---|---|--- \n66,670| 2.8 %| $23.82| $49,550| 1.4 % \n \nPercentile wage estimates for this occupation:\n\nPercentile| 10%| 25%| 50% (Median)| 75%| 90% \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nHourly Wage| $10.46| $13.68| $20.71| $30.32| $41.86 \nAnnual Wage (2)| $21,750| $28,450| $43,080| $63,070| $87,060 \n \n#### Industry profile for this occupation: Top\n\nIndustries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation\nare provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation,\nsee the Create Customized Tables function.\n\nIndustries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation:\n\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\nAnnual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|--- \nAccounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59|\n$23.67| $49,230 \nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\n$56,990 \nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \nEmployment Services| 160| 0.00| $26.37| $54,850 \n \nIndustries with the highest concentration of employment in this occupation:\n\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\nAnnual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|--- \nAccounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59|\n$23.67| $49,230 \nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\n$56,990 \nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \nOffice Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550 \n \nTop paying industries for this occupation:\n\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\nAnnual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|--- \nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \nManagement of Companies and Enterprises| 120| 0.01| $29.82| $62,030 \nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\n$56,990 \nOffice Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550 \n \n#### Geographic profile for this occupation: Top\n\nStates and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients,\nand wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with\nemployment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.\n\nStates with the highest employment level in this occupation:\n\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nCalifornia| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 \nTexas| 5,060| 0.41| 0.90| $25.71| $53,470 \nFlorida| 4,910| 0.56| 1.23| $21.18| $44,050 \nNew York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 \nIllinois| 2,600| 0.43| 0.95| $19.22| $39,980 \n \nStates with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this\noccupation:\n\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nSouth Dakota| 370| 0.88| 1.94| $20.01| $41,630 \nIdaho| 610| 0.83| 1.83| $18.35| $38,170 \nNebraska| 710| 0.72| 1.58| $20.79| $43,250 \nMontana| 330| 0.71| 1.56| $18.88| $39,260 \nAlaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 \n \nTop paying States for this occupation:\n\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nNew York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 \nColorado| 1,080| 0.40| 0.89| $28.82| $59,940 \nMassachusetts| 1,540| 0.43| 0.94| $28.67| $59,630 \nAlaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 \nCalifornia| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 \n \nMetropolitan areas with the highest employment level in this occupation:\n\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 \nLos Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA| 3,570| 0.57| 1.26| $28.02| $58,280 \nChicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI| 2,050| 0.44| 0.97| $19.40| $40,350 \nMiami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL| 1,700| 0.65| 1.42| $21.87| $45,490 \nWashington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV| 1,670| 0.53| 1.16| $25.02|\n$52,050 \nDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX| 1,520| 0.42| 0.92| $27.23| $56,640 \nSan Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 \nBoston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH| 1,370| 0.49| 1.08| $30.02| $62,440 \nAtlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA| 1,200| 0.44| 0.97| $24.80| $51,590 \nHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX| 1,060| 0.35| 0.76| $27.56| $57,330 \n \nMetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location\nquotients in this occupation:\n\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nGrants Pass, OR| 40| 1.59| 3.49| $14.90| $30,990 \nRapid City, SD| 90| 1.41| 3.12| $23.42| $48,710 \nSan Angelo, TX| 60| 1.29| 2.85| $21.41| $44,540 \nReno, NV| 310| 1.28| 2.83| $22.62| $47,050 \nPensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL| 220| 1.27| 2.79| (8)| (8) \nFresno, CA| 430| 1.10| 2.43| $25.94| $53,960 \nBoise City, ID| 360| 1.09| 2.39| $16.97| $35,300 \nBillings, MT| 90| 1.05| 2.31| $22.25| $46,270 \nOmaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA| 500| 1.02| 2.24| $21.78| $45,310 \nElizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY| 50| 0.99| 2.18| $16.51| $34,340 \n \nTop paying metropolitan areas for this occupation:\n\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nSan Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA| 730| 0.64| 1.42| $37.80| $78,620 \nAbilene, TX| 60| 0.91| 1.99| $35.79| $74,440 \nSan Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 \nDanbury, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $34.20| $71,140 \nBurlington-South Burlington, VT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $32.95| $68,540 \nStockton-Lodi, CA| 60| 0.25| 0.56| $32.39| $67,370 \nNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 \nAlbany-Schenectady-Troy, NY| (8)| (8)| (8)| $31.15| $64,790 \nBoulder, CO| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.95| $64,390 \nNew Haven, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.83| $64,130 \n \nNonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in this occupation:\n\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nSoutheast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 \nCentral Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 190| 1.04| 2.29| $11.22| $23,350 \nEast South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 \nNortheast Mississippi nonmetropolitan area| 150| 0.62| 1.38| $17.53| $36,460 \nKansas nonmetropolitan area| 140| 0.36| 0.79| $15.88| $33,030 \n \nNonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location\nquotients in this occupation:\n\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nEastern Utah nonmetropolitan area| 110| 1.38| 3.04| $16.25| $33,790 \nBorder Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area| 70| 1.24| 2.72| $19.53| $40,630 \nSoutheast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 \nEast South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 \nEast Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 120| 1.19| 2.61| $9.55| $19,860 \n \nTop paying nonmetropolitan areas for this occupation:\n\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nWest North Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 80| 0.62| 1.37| $30.46| $63,350 \nWest Central-Southwest New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.63| 1.39|\n$29.33| $61,010 \nSouth Central Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.27| 0.59| $26.83| $55,810 \nNorthwest Iowa nonmetropolitan area| 40| 0.32| 0.70| $25.08| $52,160 \nSouthwest Minnesota nonmetropolitan area| (8)| (8)| (8)| $24.73| $51,440 \n \nAbout May 2019 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area\nOccupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nThese estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all\nindustry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states\nand the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided\nabove. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.\n\nThe percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain\npercent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate\n--50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers\nearn more than the median. More about percentile wages.\n\n(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the\ntotals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include\nself-employed workers.\n\n(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a\n\"year-round, full-time\" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations\nwhere there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly\ncalculated from the reported survey data.\n\n(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a\nsurvey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise\nthe estimate.\n\n(8) Estimate not released.\n\n(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of\noccupational employment to the national average concentration. A location\nquotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of\nemployment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the\noccupation is less prevalent in the area than average.\n\nOther OES estimates and related information:\n\nMay 2019 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and\nWage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 Occupation Profiles\n\nTechnical Notes\n\nLast Modified Date: July 6, 2020\n\nRecommend this page using:\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nLinkedIn \n \n * Home\n * Subjects\n * Data Tools\n * Publications\n * Economic Releases\n * Students\n * Beta\n\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Division of Occupational Employment Statistics\nPSB Suite 2135 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE Washington, DC 20212-0001 Telephone:\n1-202-691-6569 www.bls.gov/OES Contact OES\n\ninfo\n\n * What's New\n * FAQs\n * A-Z\n * Glossary\n * About BLS\n * Careers @ BLS\n * Find It! 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If this problem persists please contact customer support.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.irs.gov/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200909010747/https://www.irs.gov/","parsed_text":{"title":"An official website of the United States government","passages":["Help us spread the word: Americans who don’t earn enough to have a tax filing requirement should sign up online with #IRS for an Economic Impact Payment by Oct 15. https://t.co/FjXU7pGWeq #COVIDreliefIRS pic.twitter.com/uduV4AHYAI"]},"parsed_md":"Internal Revenue Service | An official website of the United States government\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# Home Page\n\nAn official website of the United States Government\n\n * Español\n * 中文 (简体)\n * 中文 (繁體)\n * 한국어\n * Русский\n * Tiếng Việt\n * Kreyòl ayisyen\n\n * Search Toggle search\n\n * Menu Toggle menu\n\n## File\n\n * Overview\n * INFORMATION FOR...\n * Individuals\n * International Taxpayers\n * Business & Self Employed\n * Government Entities\n * FILING FOR INDIVIDUALS\n * How to File\n * When to File\n * Where to File\n * Update My Information\n * POPULAR\n * Economic Impact Payments\n * Coronavirus Tax Relief\n * Free File\n * Get Your Tax Record\n * Get an Identity Protection PIN (IP PIN)\n\n## Pay\n\n * Overview\n * PAY BY\n * Bank Account (Direct Pay)\n * Debit or Credit Card\n * Payment Plan (Installment Agreement)\n * Electronic Federal Tax Payment System (EFTPS)\n * POPULAR\n * View Your Account\n * Tax Withholding Estimator\n * Estimated Taxes\n * Penalties\n\n## Refunds\n\n * Overview\n * Where's My Refund\n * What to Expect\n * Direct Deposit\n * Reduced Refunds\n * Fix/Correct a Return\n\n## Credits & Deductions\n\n * Overview\n * INFORMATION FOR...\n * Individuals\n * Businesses & Self-Employed\n * POPULAR\n * Earned Income Credit (EITC)\n * Child Tax Credit\n * Standard Deduction\n * Health Coverage\n * Retirement Savings\n\n## Forms & Instructions\n\n * Overview\n * FORMS & INSTRUCTIONS\n * Form 1040\n * Form 1040 Instructions\n * Form W-9\n * Form 4506-T\n * Form W-4\n * Form 941\n * Form W-2\n * Form 9465\n * POPULAR FOR TAX PROS\n * Form 1040-X\n * Form 2848\n * Form W-7\n * Circular 230\n\nGet My Economic Impact Payment\n\nNon-Filers: Enter Payment Info Here\n\nGet Coronavirus Tax Relief\n\nGet Your Refund Status\n\nDo Your Taxes for Free\n\nGet Your Tax Record\n\nView Your Account\n\nMake a Payment\n\n## Forms and Instructions\n\n1040 and Schedules 1-3 Individual Tax Return\n\nOther 1040 Schedules Information About the Other Schedules Filed With Form\n1040\n\nForm 2290 Heavy Highway Vehicle Use Tax Return\n\nSearch Forms & Instructions\n\n## Economic Impact Payments\n\nCheck on your payment status\n\n## Coronavirus Tax Relief\n\nIRS taking steps to help taxpayers\n\n## Where’s My Refund?\n\nUse the “Where’s My Refund?” tool to check your refund status\n\n## IRS Free File Open Now\n\nFree File will help you do your taxes online for free\n\n## We speak your language\n\nGet the tax information you need in 21 languages\n\n## Get Answers to Your Tax Questions\n\nUse our Interactive Tax Assistant\n\nIRS2Go Mobile App\n\nThe official mobile app of the IRS\n\nLearn more\n\n> Help us spread the word: Americans who don’t earn enough to have a tax\n> filing requirement should sign up online with #IRS for an Economic Impact\n> Payment by Oct 15. https://t.co/FjXU7pGWeq #COVIDreliefIRS\n> pic.twitter.com/uduV4AHYAI\n>\n> — IRS #COVIDreliefIRS (@IRSnews) September 8, 2020\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210123202315/https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services","parsed_text":{"title":"Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services","passages":["With less than a month left to go until the April 15 tax deadline, most tax return preparers are up to their elbows in work. Nevertheless, it might be an opportune time to land some new clients, since people are thinking about their taxes and wondering if they might pay less next year if they find a qualified tax preparer now.","Adding fuel to the fire is the fiasco at the nation's largest tax return preparer, H&R Block, where a mistake caused the delay in processing some 600,000 customers' returns. The blunder likely will have many taxpayers wondering if it's time to shop around.","But it remains clear that tax preparers in general have a captive audience. A February survey of just over 1,000 wage earners by the finance and accounting staffing firm Accounting Principals found that about half of middle-income wage earners pay to have their returns prepared by someone else because they to get want the biggest refund possible.","About 44 percent of working Americans will go to an accountant to prepare their taxes this year, including 49 percent who make between $30,000 and $50,000 annually.","The tax preparation industry is in transition, and it's an especially challenging time for those firms that work for lower-income clients with simpler returns, according to Tax Preparation Services in the US, a study published in August 2012 by the research firm IBISWorld.","Doug Kelly, theIBISWorld analyst who prepared the report, told AccountingWEB there are more small-time preparers in the market because of the relative ease of use of such software programs as Intuit's TurboTax. And then the free IRS e-file service is taking away an increasing number of lower-income taxpayers with basic returns.","\"In response, many tax preparation firms now provide basic services for free. In doing so, they attract customers who subsequently sign up for fee-based services, such as state income tax preparation filing\", he said in his report.","If tax preparers market themselves properly, there's plenty of opportunity for those who target middle-income and high-income tax clients, industry experts say.","Nate Hagerty, founder and CEOof TaxProMarketer, a tax industry marketing and consulting firm, told AccountingWEB that asking existing clients for referrals and contacting lost clients from prior years are the quickest ways to drum up business, even this season. \"A lot of times, they just need to be asked.\"","The negative publicity surrounding H&R Block's troubles presents \"another good reason to remind people of the value you provide\", Hagerty said. \"But it's a delicate situation. You don't want to bad-mouth the competition.\"","Hagerty said that communicating with potential new or former clients before tax season, without necessarily making a sale pitch, can also be worthwhile, especially if it's done in a personal way. Just e-mailing tax tips or reminders about deadlines isn't enough to get their attention given the blizzard of e-mails most people receive, he said.","Dominique Molina, CPA and president of American Institute of Certified Tax Coaches, a national network of tax planning specialists, says that CPAs and tax professionals need to do more to differentiate themselves from tax preparers who are merely performing data entry.","Molina said\",Most consumers don't understand the differences between H&R Block and someone who is a CPA, an EA, or a tax attorney. They're all viewed the same way by some people – as someone paid to prepare forms.\" Find ways to educate potential clients about your education and your abilities to reduce their taxes, she says.","It’s true; tax season is the Great chance for the tax preparation services providers to earn maximum benefits. Because this is the peak Season when the most of the individuals and business organizations search for expertise solution to handle their unorganized books, accounts and tax returns with minimized errors to achieved maximum return on investment. Thus, it’s a big opportunity for tax preparation companies to serve the people successfully in tax season."]},"parsed_md":"Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services |\nAccountingWEB\n\nLoginSign up\n\nSubscribe to Newsletter\n\nMenu\n\nTax\n\nIRS\n\nShare this content\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Free eBook: Mastering Online Presence in the Firm\n\nGuide\n\nNew\n\nTags:\n\n * Marketing\n\n# Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services\n\nMar 18th 2013\n\n1 comment\n\nShare this content\n\nBy Frank Byrt\n\nWith less than a month left to go until the April 15 tax deadline, most tax\nreturn preparers are up to their elbows in work. Nevertheless, it might be an\nopportune time to land some new clients, since people are thinking about their\ntaxes and wondering if they might pay less next year if they find a qualified\ntax preparer now.\n\nAdding fuel to the fire is the fiasco at the nation's largest tax return\npreparer, H&R Block, where a mistake caused the delay in processing some\n600,000 customers' returns. The blunder likely will have many taxpayers\nwondering if it's time to shop around.\n\nBut it remains clear that tax preparers in general have a captive audience. A\nFebruary survey of just over 1,000 wage earners by the finance and accounting\nstaffing firm Accounting Principals found that about half of middle-income\nwage earners pay to have their returns prepared by someone else because they\nto get want the biggest refund possible.\n\nThe survey found that:\n\n * About 44 percent of working Americans will go to an accountant to prepare their taxes this year, including 49 percent who make between $30,000 and $50,000 annually.\n * Among those who make $100,000 or more, 66 percent say they will get their return professionally prepared.\n\nThe tax preparation industry is in transition, and it's an especially\nchallenging time for those firms that work for lower-income clients with\nsimpler returns, according to Tax Preparation Services in the US, a study\npublished in August 2012 by the research firm IBISWorld.\n\nDoug Kelly, theIBISWorld analyst who prepared the report, told AccountingWEB\nthere are more small-time preparers in the market because of the relative ease\nof use of such software programs as Intuit's TurboTax. And then the free IRS\ne-file service is taking away an increasing number of lower-income taxpayers\nwith basic returns.\n\n\"In response, many tax preparation firms now provide basic services for free.\nIn doing so, they attract customers who subsequently sign up for fee-based\nservices, such as state income tax preparation filing\", he said in his report.\n\nIf tax preparers market themselves properly, there's plenty of opportunity for\nthose who target middle-income and high-income tax clients, industry experts\nsay.\n\nNate Hagerty, founder and CEOof TaxProMarketer, a tax industry marketing and\nconsulting firm, told AccountingWEB that asking existing clients for referrals\nand contacting lost clients from prior years are the quickest ways to drum up\nbusiness, even this season. \"A lot of times, they just need to be asked.\"\n\nThe negative publicity surrounding H&R Block's troubles presents \"another good\nreason to remind people of the value you provide\", Hagerty said. \"But it's a\ndelicate situation. You don't want to bad-mouth the competition.\"\n\nHagerty said that communicating with potential new or former clients before\ntax season, without necessarily making a sale pitch, can also be worthwhile,\nespecially if it's done in a personal way. Just e-mailing tax tips or\nreminders about deadlines isn't enough to get their attention given the\nblizzard of e-mails most people receive, he said.\n\nDominique Molina, CPA and president of American Institute of Certified Tax\nCoaches, a national network of tax planning specialists, says that CPAs and\ntax professionals need to do more to differentiate themselves from tax\npreparers who are merely performing data entry.\n\nMolina said\",Most consumers don't understand the differences between H&R Block\nand someone who is a CPA, an EA, or a tax attorney. They're all viewed the\nsame way by some people – as someone paid to prepare forms.\" Find ways to\neducate potential clients about your education and your abilities to reduce\ntheir taxes, she says.\n\nRelated articles:\n\n * Thinking of Using TurboTax, ProSeries, Lacerte, Intuit Online, as Your Tax Software? Think Again!\n * H&R Block Gaffe Gums Up the Works\n * E-Filing Continues to Grow, Exceeds 80 Percent Goal\n\nTags:\n\n * Marketing\n\nShare this content\n\nLeave a comment\n\n### Related content\n\n### 5 Ways Your Marketing Can Thrive in the New Year\n\nGrowth\n\nJan 14th 2021\n\n### How One Accounting Firm Successfully Went Remote\n\nGrowth\n\nJan 6th 2021\n\n### Free eBook: Mastering Online Presence in the Firm\n\nGuide\n\nNew\n\nRead more from\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Replies (1)\n\n### Please login or register to join the discussion.\n\nBy jennigreen\n\nDec 20th 2016 07:18\n\nIt’s true; tax season is the Great chance for the tax preparation services\nproviders to earn maximum benefits. Because this is the peak Season when the\nmost of the individuals and business organizations search for expertise\nsolution to handle their unorganized books, accounts and tax returns with\nminimized errors to achieved maximum return on investment. Thus, it’s a big\nopportunity for tax preparation companies to serve the people successfully in\ntax season.\n\nThanks (0)\n\n## Most read this week\n\n### Tax Court Rules on Home Computer Deductions\n\nIndividuals\n\nJan 21st 2021\n\n## Trending\n\n### Tax Court Rules on Home Computer Deductions\n\nIndividuals\n\nJan 21st 2021\n\n### Employee Retention Credit Under COVID-19 Relief\n\nBusiness Tax\n\nJan 20th 2021\n\n### COVID & Stress: Addressing Mental Health at Work\n\nPractice Excellence\n\nJan 22nd 2021\n\n## Upcoming Events\n\n2021 Event Information Coming Soon\n\nCopyright 2021 Sift\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161217005815/http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"There are two tracks to become an enrolled agent, which are outlined in Treasury Department Circular 230, Regulations Governing the Practice of Attorneys, Certified Public Accountants, Enrolled Agents, Enrolled Actuaries, and Appraisers Before the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS website also provides information on the enrollment process. Prometric administers the exam process for IRS. The two tracks are:\",\n \"Online examination. You can become an enrolled agent by demonstrating special competence in tax matters by taking a online examination administered by Prometric. This track requires that you -\",\n \"Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicant's tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\",\n \"IRS experience. You can become an enrolled agent by virtue of past service and technical experience with the IRS that qualifies you for enrollment. This track requires that you -\",\n \"Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicants tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\",\n \"NAEA, the only organization which represents enrolled agents solely, wants to help you achieve your goals. We can help you do it! Want to talk with a seasoned EA? Join our contact list.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent? | NAEA\\n\\nJump to NavigationJump to Content\\n\\n * About NAEA\\n * Find A Tax Expert\\n * Forums\\n * Contact\\n\\nLogin\\n\\n * Find A Tax Expert\\n * Membership\\n\\n * Join NAEA\\n * My Account\\n * Renew My Membership\\n * Member Resources\\n * Publications\\n * NAEA Store\\n * Education & Events\\n\\n * Continuing Education\\n * NAEA Education Foundation/Scholarships\\n * National Tax Practice Institute\\n * NTPI Level 1 Online\\n * EA Journal CE\\n * learning.naea.org\\n * CE Transcripts & Certificates\\n * Calendar\\n * Schuldiner/Smollan Leadership Academy (SSLA). CURRENTLY ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS!\\n * Fall Webinars\\n * NTPI Orlando\\n * Winter Webinars\\n * 2016 IRS Tax Forums\\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\\n\\n * Enrolled Agent (EA) Examination\\n * What Is An Enrolled Agent?\\n * A Career As An Enrolled Agent\\n * How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\\n * Becoming an Enrolled Agent FAQs\\n * Studying for the Enrolled Agent (EA) Exam\\n * NAEA Online Self-Study EA Exam Preparation Course\\n * What do I need to do to keep my license?\\n * Advocacy\\n\\n * NAEA PAC\\n * Government Relations Committee Members\\n * Testimony\\n * Comments & Letters\\n * NAEA Position Papers\\n * NAEA Fly-in Day\\n * Grassroots\\n * State Advocacy\\n * Speeches\\n\\n * Robert Kerr Addresses Senior Identity Theft on FTC Panel\\n * IRS RPO Director David Williams speaks to NAEA\\n * IRS Executive Implementation Lead David Williams Discusses Return Preparer Oversight\\n * Newsroom\\n\\n * News\\n * Multimedia Gallery\\n * Educating America\\n\\n * Affiliate Tools\\n * EA Testimonials\\n * For Students and Colleges\\n * State Affiliates\\n\\nHome › Become an Enrolled Agent\\n\\n# How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\\n\\nThere are two tracks to become an enrolled agent, which are outlined in\\nTreasury Department Circular 230, Regulations Governing the Practice of\\nAttorneys, Certified Public Accountants, Enrolled Agents, Enrolled Actuaries,\\nand Appraisers Before the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS website also\\nprovides information on the enrollment process. Prometric administers the exam\\nprocess for IRS. The two tracks are:\\n\\n * Online examination. You can become an enrolled agent by demonstrating special competence in tax matters by taking a online examination administered by Prometric. This track requires that you -\\n\\n * Obtain a Personal Tax Identification Number (PTIN)\\n * Apply to take the Special Enrollment Examination (SEE);\\n * Achieve passing scores on all parts of the SEE;\\n * Apply for enrollment on Form 23; and\\n * Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicant's tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\\n * IRS experience. You can become an enrolled agent by virtue of past service and technical experience with the IRS that qualifies you for enrollment. This track requires that you -\\n\\n * Possess the years of past service and technical experience specified in Circular 230;\\n * Apply for enrollment Form 23; and\\n * Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicants tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\\n\\nNAEA, the only organization which represents enrolled agents solely, wants to\\nhelp you achieve your goals. We can help you do it! Want to talk with a\\nseasoned EA? Join our contact list.\\n\\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\\n\\n * Enrolled Agent (EA) Examination\\n * What Is An Enrolled Agent?\\n * A Career As An Enrolled Agent\\n * How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\\n * Becoming an Enrolled Agent FAQs\\n * Studying for the Enrolled Agent (EA) Exam\\n * NAEA Online Self-Study EA Exam Preparation Course\\n * What do I need to do to keep my license?\\n\\n## National Association of Enrolled Agents\\n\\n1730 Rhode Island Avenue, NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 20036-3953 Toll free:\\n855-880-NAEA (6232) 202-822-NAEA (6232) 202-822-6270-Fax | info@naea.org\\n\\n * Find A Tax Expert\\n * Membership\\n * Education & Events\\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\\n * Advocacy\\n * Newsroom\\n * Educating America\\n * State Affiliates\\n\\n * Advertising & Sponsorship\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Site Map\\n\\n## CONNECT WITH NAEA ON:\\n\\n© 2016 National Association of Enrolled Agents\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928090230/https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Licensed\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Whether you need to obtain your initial CPA license, or are a licensed CPA needing to practice in a new location, we’ve outlined the steps you need to take:\",\n \"First, determine where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, and then make sure you obtain the appropriate education and other requirements needed to qualify in that state. While this may sound pretty simple, the tricky part is that the education requirements to sit for the CPA exam are different for every state. For example, some states require 120 total semester hours to qualify; while others require 150 total hours. There are also more narrow educational requirements specific to each state such as 33 semester hours in accounting and 36 semester hours in business. A different state might require 33 semester hours in accounting and have no minimum semester hours for business. There are also other requirements that states enforce regarding age, residency, etc. You should be sure to review requirements and criteria for states you are considering for application.\",\n \"If you’re already pretty far along in your education, you can determine which state’s CPA exam education and other requirements most closely match your personal profile and apply for the exam in that state. Each state board of accountancy provides this information on their individual websites. You can also find the state-specific exam requirements for most states here.\",\n \"However, the easiest and fastest way to find out where you are likely to qualify for the CPA exam and CPA license is by using NASBA’s Accountancy Licensing Library (ALL). ALL features a Research Tool that allows you to select the search criteria that match your information and then generates a report showing which states enforce those requirements. You can perform an unlimited number of searches for one day for only $10.\",\n \"Once you have completed the education requirements for the state where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, you should review the Uniform CPA Examination Candidate Bulletin. This document is a great resource that provides information about the exam process (how to apply, scheduling your exam, taking the exam, receiving your scores, etc.), and exam content (preparing for the exam, length and formats, specifications and sample question types, etc.).\",\n \"After reviewing the Candidate Bulletin, you should view a tutorial and take the sample tests available on the AICPA website.\",\n \"Once you’re ready to apply to take the CPA exam, come back to the CPA exam section of our website to get all of the specific information you need.\",\n \"After successfully passing all four sections of the CPA exam, the next step is to complete the other requirements for obtaining a CPA license in the state in which you plan to ultimately practice as a CPA. Just like requirements for the CPA exam, requirements (like education and work experience) for a CPA license vary from state to state.\",\n \"For example, many states require at least one year of public accounting work experience to qualify for a CPA license; while others accept different types of work experience in place of public accounting experience (such as teaching, self-employment and part-time employment). To add to the complexity, some states have more specific requirements, such as a specified amount of auditing work experience.\",\n \"If you reside and work in the United States, then you are required to be licensed in the state where you live and practice. Most states now offer Mobility privileges that allow CPAs to service clients across state borders, but those laws can take some delicate navigation as well.\",\n \"Watch a video about the process of becoming a CPA > Get help determining where to get a CPA license\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Licensed | NASBA\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n * About Us\\n * Careers\\n\\n * MEMBER CENTER\\n\\n * Board Member Portal\\n * Member Products & Services\\n\\n * Communications & Outreach\\n * Legislative Support\\n\\n * Marijuana – Board Guidance\\n * Board Statutes\\n * Key Person Contact Program\\n * Legislative Tracking\\n * Session Snapshot\\n * North Carolina Dental Case\\n * Board Gateway Access\\n * Committees\\n * PROC Resources\\n * Enforcement Tools\\n\\n * Board Counsel Boot Camp Materials\\n * NASBA Awards\\n\\n * Award Criteria\\n * Past Winners\\n * ED Login\\n * Meetings & Events\\n\\n * 2018 ED Conference\\n * Calendar View\\n * EXAMS\\n\\n * CPA Exam Credit Extension\\n * Continuous Testing Overview and Status Map\\n * CPA Exam\\n * International Qualification Examination (IQEX)\\n * NASBA International Evaluation Services\\n * Exam News\\n * Products and Services\\n * LICENSURE\\n\\n * Getting a License\\n * NASBA Licensing\\n * How Many CPAs?\\n * Maintaining a License\\n * Boards of Accountancy\\n * Substantial Equivalency\\n * Mobility\\n * International\\n * Products & Services\\n * EDUCATION\\n\\n * Education Eligibility Requirements\\n * Becoming a CPA\\n * NASBA International Evaluation Services\\n * Maintaining a License\\n * National Registry of CPE Sponsors\\n * Research Grant Proposals\\n\\n * Research Grant Topics and Recipients\\n * Confirm Registry Sponsor\\n * Products & Services\\n\\n * Meetings & Events\\n * International\\n * News\\n * Publications\\n * Boards of Accountancy\\n\\n## PRODUCTS & SERVICES\\n\\n## MEDIA & RESOURCES\\n\\n * Home\\n * Getting a License\\n * How to Get Licensed\\n\\n# How to Get Licensed\\n\\nWhether you need to obtain your initial CPA license, or are a licensed CPA\\nneeding to practice in a new location, we’ve outlined the steps you need to\\ntake:\\n\\n### Step 1: Determine where you plan to take the exam and complete the\\nrequirements for that state.\\n\\nFirst, determine where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, and then make sure\\nyou obtain the appropriate education and other requirements needed to qualify\\nin that state. While this may sound pretty simple, the tricky part is that the\\neducation requirements to sit for the CPA exam are different for every state.\\nFor example, some states require 120 total semester hours to qualify; while\\nothers require 150 total hours. There are also more narrow educational\\nrequirements specific to each state such as 33 semester hours in accounting\\nand 36 semester hours in business. A different state might require 33 semester\\nhours in accounting and have no minimum semester hours for business. There are\\nalso other requirements that states enforce regarding age, residency, etc. You\\nshould be sure to review requirements and criteria for states you are\\nconsidering for application.\\n\\nIf you’re already pretty far along in your education, you can determine which\\nstate’s CPA exam education and other requirements most closely match your\\npersonal profile and apply for the exam in that state. Each state board of\\naccountancy provides this information on their individual websites. You can\\nalso find the state-specific exam requirements for most states here.\\n\\nHowever, the easiest and fastest way to find out where you are likely to\\nqualify for the CPA exam and CPA license is by using NASBA’s Accountancy\\nLicensing Library (ALL). ALL features a Research Tool that allows you to\\nselect the search criteria that match your information and then generates a\\nreport showing which states enforce those requirements. You can perform an\\nunlimited number of searches for one day for only $10.\\n\\n> Learn more about the Accountancy Licensing Library (ALL) and its Research\\n> Tool\\n\\nWhat would really help you in this process is to determine ahead of time in\\nwhich state you plan to become licensed as a CPA. Finding out the license\\nrequirements early can help ensure a smooth path to becoming a CPA, but we\\nrealize that’s not always an option. Where you take the exam is not dependent\\non where you intend to practice. CPA exam test scores can be transferred to\\nany state for the purpose of getting a CPA license.\\n\\n### Step 2: Now you are ready to sit for the CPA Exam.\\n\\nOnce you have completed the education requirements for the state where you\\nplan to sit for the CPA exam, you should review the Uniform CPA Examination\\nCandidate Bulletin. This document is a great resource that provides\\ninformation about the exam process (how to apply, scheduling your exam, taking\\nthe exam, receiving your scores, etc.), and exam content (preparing for the\\nexam, length and formats, specifications and sample question types, etc.).\\n\\nAfter reviewing the Candidate Bulletin, you should view a tutorial and take\\nthe sample tests available on the AICPA website.\\n\\nOnce you’re ready to apply to take the CPA exam, come back to the CPA exam\\nsection of our website to get all of the specific information you need.\\n\\n### Step 3: Determine where you plan to obtain your CPA license.\\n\\nAfter successfully passing all four sections of the CPA exam, the next step is\\nto complete the other requirements for obtaining a CPA license in the state in\\nwhich you plan to ultimately practice as a CPA. Just like requirements for the\\nCPA exam, requirements (like education and work experience) for a CPA license\\nvary from state to state.\\n\\nFor example, many states require at least one year of public accounting work\\nexperience to qualify for a CPA license; while others accept different types\\nof work experience in place of public accounting experience (such as teaching,\\nself-employment and part-time employment). To add to the complexity, some\\nstates have more specific requirements, such as a specified amount of auditing\\nwork experience.\\n\\nIf you reside and work in the United States, then you are required to be\\nlicensed in the state where you live and practice. Most states now offer\\nMobility privileges that allow CPAs to service clients across state borders,\\nbut those laws can take some delicate navigation as well.\\n\\n> Watch a video about the process of becoming a CPA > Get help determining\\n> where to get a CPA license \\n \\n--- \\n \\n * Contact Us\\n * About Us\\n * Careers\\n * Email Signup\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Technical Support\\n\\n * NASBA Membership 150 Fourth Ave. North Suite 700 Nashville, TN 37219-2417 Tel: 615-880-4200 Fax: 615-880-4290\\n\\n * CPA Examination Services 800-CPA-EXAM (800-272-3926) International: 615-880-4250 cpaexam@nasba.org\\n\\nCopyright © 2006 – 2020 National Association of State Boards of Accountancy,\\nInc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150217234154/http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"That may be true in terms of hours in the work week, but many part-time jobs pay just as well as a traditional 40-hour week ones and a number of positions come with health insurance coverage, paid vacation days and employee discounts.\",\n \"1. Tax Preparer Thousands of people need help every year to file their returns. Part-time tax preparers are often accountants who know their way around deductions and forms, and who want extra income. Though the job typically peaks in the spring, many clients choose to retain their tax professional as a year-round personal accountant and adviser. Salary: Set your own fee. H&R Block (Stock Quote: HRB) typically charges anywhere from $100 to $200 for their services, so you can probably charge up to $80 and still offer a bargain.\",\n \"2. Substitute Teacher Many states offer substitute teaching positions without requiring a teaching degree. Often, anyone with a bachelor’s degree is eligible, provided they pass a background check and interview. The length of employment varies and you should be flexible for days when you get a frantic last-minute call at 6 a.m., but it’s a good way to put your education to use while aiding in the education of others. Salary: Varies depending on the state. In Oregon, for example, substitutes get about $150 a day.\",\n \"3. Private Tutor Jeremiah LeBrash started tutoring in college as a way to make some extra income. He’s now making enough money for it to be his full- time job. “I started out teaching SAT prep for Kaplan, but I was only making $20 an hour,” he says. “I realized I could do it on my own, give my students one-on-one attention, and charge twice as much.” LeBrash now charges $80 an hour for test preparation and $60 for general math and science help. Salary: Companies like Kaplan and The Princeton Review pay tutors anywhere from $20 to $60 an hour, depending on the test they teach and the size of the class. Private tutors, like LeBrash, can set their own fee.\",\n \"4. Part-Time Receptionist Answering telephones and receiving packages may not be the most glamorous job, but according to career counselor Judith Gerberg, it’s a great opportunity to network. Gerberg, president of the Career Counselors Consortium, knew a laid off radio DJ who ended up working as a receptionist for a law firm. She soon became acquainted with a filmmaker client who loved her music knowledge so much, he hired her as an associate producer. “Lawyers and small businesses always need administrative help,” says Gerberg. “You might be making minimum wage, but keep your ego under wraps. You never know who will walk through the door.” Salary: Varies, but can be in the $20,000-a-year range.\",\n \"5. Computer Technician Gerberg says there is an increased need for tech support, as more people move their businesses home. Computer technicians make basic repairs, set up wi-fi and perform other jobs. Companies are also looking for individuals who can build websites, which makes this a no-brainer for anyone with a little creativity and HTML experience. Salary: Set your own fee. Tech support rates vary according to the job, rates can be around $30 an hour or more.\",\n \"6. Copy Editor “Copy editing is proofreading,” says Rachel Goldman, who took her skills honed in her day job as an online news producer and used them to score part-time work as well. In addition to checking texts for spelling, punctuation, grammar and formatting errors, \\\"I also help the person brainstorm and flesh out their work,” says Goldman. Although she started out editing essays for college students, Goldman is now working on documents such as patent applications and television scripts as well. Salary: Goldman’s fees vary based on length and subject matter, but she estimates that she makes about $100 per document.\",\n \"7. Direct Seller Companies such as Amway and Avon (Stock Quote: AVP) allow people to make money on their own time, while offering incentive programs like discounted insurance. And while the recession may have curbed consumer spending, Avon recently reported earnings that were above expectations. “Our products are selling well because it’s affordable luxury,” says Lindsay Blaker, an Avon spokesperson. Salary: Blaker says she’s seen reps make anywhere from a few hundred dollars a month to six-figure annual salaries. “I met someone who went from a corporate setting to becoming a full-time seller because she was making just as much money staying at home,” she says. “People love the flexibility of the job.”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs - MainStreet\\n\\n# 7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs\\n\\n * MainStreet Staff\\n * Feb 23, 2009 7:00 AM EST\\n\\nThe common perception is that part-time jobs have less to offer than full-time\\npositions.\\n\\nThat may be true in terms of hours in the work week, but many part-time jobs\\npay just as well as a traditional 40-hour week ones and a number of positions\\ncome with health insurance coverage, paid vacation days and employee\\ndiscounts.\\n\\nHere is our list of some of the best part-time jobs:\\n\\n1\\\\. Tax Preparer Thousands of people need help every year to file their\\nreturns. Part-time tax preparers are often accountants who know their way\\naround deductions and forms, and who want extra income. Though the job\\ntypically peaks in the spring, many clients choose to retain their tax\\nprofessional as a year-round personal accountant and adviser. Salary: Set your\\nown fee. H&R Block (Stock Quote: HRB) typically charges anywhere from $100 to\\n$200 for their services, so you can probably charge up to $80 and still offer\\na bargain.\\n\\n2\\\\. Substitute Teacher Many states offer substitute teaching positions without\\nrequiring a teaching degree. Often, anyone with a bachelor’s degree is\\neligible, provided they pass a background check and interview. The length of\\nemployment varies and you should be flexible for days when you get a frantic\\nlast-minute call at 6 a.m., but it’s a good way to put your education to use\\nwhile aiding in the education of others. Salary: Varies depending on the\\nstate. In Oregon, for example, substitutes get about $150 a day.\\n\\n3\\\\. Private Tutor Jeremiah LeBrash started tutoring in college as a way to\\nmake some extra income. He’s now making enough money for it to be his full-\\ntime job. “I started out teaching SAT prep for Kaplan, but I was only making\\n$20 an hour,” he says. “I realized I could do it on my own, give my students\\none-on-one attention, and charge twice as much.” LeBrash now charges $80 an\\nhour for test preparation and $60 for general math and science help. Salary:\\nCompanies like Kaplan and The Princeton Review pay tutors anywhere from $20 to\\n$60 an hour, depending on the test they teach and the size of the class.\\nPrivate tutors, like LeBrash, can set their own fee.\\n\\n4\\\\. Part-Time Receptionist Answering telephones and receiving packages may not\\nbe the most glamorous job, but according to career counselor Judith Gerberg,\\nit’s a great opportunity to network. Gerberg, president of the Career\\nCounselors Consortium, knew a laid off radio DJ who ended up working as a\\nreceptionist for a law firm. She soon became acquainted with a filmmaker\\nclient who loved her music knowledge so much, he hired her as an associate\\nproducer. “Lawyers and small businesses always need administrative help,” says\\nGerberg. “You might be making minimum wage, but keep your ego under wraps. You\\nnever know who will walk through the door.” Salary: Varies, but can be in the\\n$20,000-a-year range.\\n\\n5\\\\. Computer Technician Gerberg says there is an increased need for tech\\nsupport, as more people move their businesses home. Computer technicians make\\nbasic repairs, set up wi-fi and perform other jobs. Companies are also looking\\nfor individuals who can build websites, which makes this a no-brainer for\\nanyone with a little creativity and HTML experience. Salary: Set your own fee.\\nTech support rates vary according to the job, rates can be around $30 an hour\\nor more.\\n\\n6\\\\. Copy Editor “Copy editing is proofreading,” says Rachel Goldman, who took\\nher skills honed in her day job as an online news producer and used them to\\nscore part-time work as well. In addition to checking texts for spelling,\\npunctuation, grammar and formatting errors, \\\"I also help the person brainstorm\\nand flesh out their work,” says Goldman. Although she started out editing\\nessays for college students, Goldman is now working on documents such as\\npatent applications and television scripts as well. Salary: Goldman’s fees\\nvary based on length and subject matter, but she estimates that she makes\\nabout $100 per document.\\n\\n7\\\\. Direct Seller Companies such as Amway and Avon (Stock Quote: AVP) allow\\npeople to make money on their own time, while offering incentive programs like\\ndiscounted insurance. And while the recession may have curbed consumer\\nspending, Avon recently reported earnings that were above expectations. “Our\\nproducts are selling well because it’s affordable luxury,” says Lindsay\\nBlaker, an Avon spokesperson. Salary: Blaker says she’s seen reps make\\nanywhere from a few hundred dollars a month to six-figure annual salaries. “I\\nmet someone who went from a corporate setting to becoming a full-time seller\\nbecause she was making just as much money staying at home,” she says. “People\\nlove the flexibility of the job.”\\n\\n—For the best rates on CDs, mortgages, savings, credit cards and more, enter\\nyour ZIP code at BankingMyWay.com.\\n\\nRelated Stories:\\n\\nWho's Hiring Part-Time: Six Flags and Toll Roads\\n\\nWho's Hiring Part Time: Lowe’s, JCPenney & Jamba Juice\\n\\n7 More Specialized Job Search Sites\\n\\nWays to Make Cash When There Are No Jobs\\n\\nShow Comments\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200926183820/https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Become a Tax Preparer\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Tax preparers prepare and file federal and state tax returns for paying clients. In some states, they may work independently, but in other states, they are required to work under the supervision of a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), attorney, or other tax professional.\",\n \"Tax preparers must be familiar with the various tax forms and schedules that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and state tax boards issue, and they should be comfortable using math and computers. Tax preparers examine their client’s financial records and work with them to determine their tax obligation and to identify tax credits and deductions for which they qualify. They then fill out the appropriate forms and submit them to the state and federal government on their client’s behalf, signing their name on the return to identify themselves as the preparer.\",\n \"Tax preparers are generally not required to have any specific educational background beyond a high school diploma, but there are courses and training programs they can complete to learn what they need to know to prepare tax returns.\",\n \"Tax preparer training courses are offered by tax preparation companies and tax schools. These courses cover topics like filing status, standard deductions, dependents, wages, taxable benefits, income from interest, retirement plans and pensions, social security income, health savings accounts, business expenses, charitable contributions, foreign tax, tax as it relates to real estate transactions, and various credits and deductions.\",\n \"Students in tax preparer courses also learn about the various forms and schedules their clients may be required to file. Some clients have complicated finances that require the use of forms beyond the standard forms most people file. Clients who own businesses, are independent contractors, or earn income from a farm, for example, have special filing requirements.\",\n \"Tax preparer courses also teach students state-specific tax information. Each state has its own tax code and preparers should be as familiar with the requirements for filing taxes in their state as they are with federal tax requirements.\",\n \"Tax preparers must meet both federal and state licensure and registration requirements. The IRS requires tax preparers to obtain a Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) before they can accept payment for preparing tax returns. To apply for a PTIN, prospective tax preparers submit their social security number, personal information, and previous year’s tax return to the IRS. Applicants must also disclose any past felony convictions or problems with their tax obligations. Tax preparers who have been granted a PTIN but are not CPAs, attorneys, or “enrolled agents” are known as “unenrolled preparers” and possess the minimum qualifications required to prepare federal taxes. Unenrolled preparers are limited to filing only certain types of tax returns and cannot represent their clients before the IRS beyond the basic audit level.\",\n \"Some tax preparers become enrolled agents so they can file returns for and represent all types of taxpayers. To become an enrolled agent, preparers must pass a three-part examination that tests knowledge of individual tax returns, business tax returns, and representation before the IRS. In addition to passing this exam, enrolled agent applicants must pass a compliance check on their tax history. Once they are licensed, enrolled agents must complete 16 hours of continuing education per year to maintain their status.\",\n \"Individual states set their own requirements for the licensure and registration of tax preparers. Some states require only that tax preparers have a valid PTIN, while others require education and testing. Preparers who are CPAs, attorneys, or enrolled agents may be exempt from some or all state registration requirements.\",\n \"Tax preparers can request a PTIN before completing any tax education, but it may take some time for the IRS to issue the number. It can take several weeks to complete a tax preparation course and additional time beyond that to pass any examinations required for state registration or licensure.\",\n \"The median yearly pay for tax preparers in the United States was $43,350 in 2012. The lowest ten percent of this group earned less than $18,820 that year, and the top ten percent made more than $80,360.\",\n \"The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment of tax preparers will grow 10 percent between 2012 and 2020, about as fast as the average growth for all occupations.\",\n \"Tax preparers who start out as unenrolled preparers can pursue additional training and become enrolled agents, which allows them to provide services to a wider range of clients and possibly charge more for their services. Some tax preparers go to work for themselves, and if they are successful, their businesses may expand.\",\n \"If you are qualified by your state’s standards to work as an independent tax preparer, you can get started by advertising your services in your community. As you build a client base, you should start receiving more referrals for your business.\",\n \"If you cannot yet work independently or want to work for an established business, you can apply for positions with accounting or law firms that offer tax services. There are several large corporations that provide tax preparation services, and you can look for work with these companies as well.\",\n \"The IRS devotes a section of its website to information for tax professionals, and this can be a good resource for you to learn about providing tax preparation services. You can also search your state tax board or department’s web site for information about the registration or licensure requirements for tax preparers in your state.\",\n \"Professional associations like the National Association of Tax Professionals and the National Association of Enrolled Agents can be helpful sources of information as well.\",\n \"Recommendation rate refers to the percent of students who said they would recommend this school based on reviews submitted to our partner site, GradReports.com.\",\n \"This indicates that a school has an annual tuition of $15,000 or less as reported to the National Center for Education Statistics or based on the school's website.\",\n \"This indicates that a school has a recommend rate of 60% or more and at least 6 reviews (based on data from our partner site GradReports.com).\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Become a Tax Preparer\\n\\nHow to Become\\n\\nHome Career List Expert Advice Contact Us\\n\\nFind a Taxation School\\n\\n14 Degrees from 10 Schools\\n\\n# How to Become a Tax Preparer\\n\\nTax preparers prepare and file federal and state tax returns for paying\\nclients. In some states, they may work independently, but in other states,\\nthey are required to work under the supervision of a Certified Public\\nAccountant (CPA), attorney, or other tax professional.\\n\\nTax preparers must be familiar with the various tax forms and schedules that\\nthe Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and state tax boards issue, and they should\\nbe comfortable using math and computers. Tax preparers examine their client’s\\nfinancial records and work with them to determine their tax obligation and to\\nidentify tax credits and deductions for which they qualify. They then fill out\\nthe appropriate forms and submit them to the state and federal government on\\ntheir client’s behalf, signing their name on the return to identify themselves\\nas the preparer.\\n\\nWhat kind of training is required to become a tax preparer?\\n\\nTax preparers are generally not required to have any specific educational\\nbackground beyond a high school diploma, but there are courses and training\\nprograms they can complete to learn what they need to know to prepare tax\\nreturns.\\n\\nTax preparer training courses are offered by tax preparation companies and tax\\nschools. These courses cover topics like filing status, standard deductions,\\ndependents, wages, taxable benefits, income from interest, retirement plans\\nand pensions, social security income, health savings accounts, business\\nexpenses, charitable contributions, foreign tax, tax as it relates to real\\nestate transactions, and various credits and deductions.\\n\\nStudents in tax preparer courses also learn about the various forms and\\nschedules their clients may be required to file. Some clients have complicated\\nfinances that require the use of forms beyond the standard forms most people\\nfile. Clients who own businesses, are independent contractors, or earn income\\nfrom a farm, for example, have special filing requirements.\\n\\nTax preparer courses also teach students state-specific tax information. Each\\nstate has its own tax code and preparers should be as familiar with the\\nrequirements for filing taxes in their state as they are with federal tax\\nrequirements.\\n\\nAre there any certification or licensure requirements?\\n\\nTax preparers must meet both federal and state licensure and registration\\nrequirements. The IRS requires tax preparers to obtain a Preparer Tax\\nIdentification Number (PTIN) before they can accept payment for preparing tax\\nreturns. To apply for a PTIN, prospective tax preparers submit their social\\nsecurity number, personal information, and previous year’s tax return to the\\nIRS. Applicants must also disclose any past felony convictions or problems\\nwith their tax obligations. Tax preparers who have been granted a PTIN but are\\nnot CPAs, attorneys, or “enrolled agents” are known as “unenrolled preparers”\\nand possess the minimum qualifications required to prepare federal taxes.\\nUnenrolled preparers are limited to filing only certain types of tax returns\\nand cannot represent their clients before the IRS beyond the basic audit\\nlevel.\\n\\nSome tax preparers become enrolled agents so they can file returns for and\\nrepresent all types of taxpayers. To become an enrolled agent, preparers must\\npass a three-part examination that tests knowledge of individual tax returns,\\nbusiness tax returns, and representation before the IRS. In addition to\\npassing this exam, enrolled agent applicants must pass a compliance check on\\ntheir tax history. Once they are licensed, enrolled agents must complete 16\\nhours of continuing education per year to maintain their status.\\n\\nIndividual states set their own requirements for the licensure and\\nregistration of tax preparers. Some states require only that tax preparers\\nhave a valid PTIN, while others require education and testing. Preparers who\\nare CPAs, attorneys, or enrolled agents may be exempt from some or all state\\nregistration requirements.\\n\\nHow long does it take to become a tax preparer?\\n\\nTax preparers can request a PTIN before completing any tax education, but it\\nmay take some time for the IRS to issue the number. It can take several weeks\\nto complete a tax preparation course and additional time beyond that to pass\\nany examinations required for state registration or licensure.\\n\\nWhat does a tax preparer earn?\\n\\nThe median yearly pay for tax preparers in the United States was $43,350 in\\n2012. The lowest ten percent of this group earned less than $18,820 that year,\\nand the top ten percent made more than $80,360.\\n\\nWhat are the job prospects?\\n\\nThe Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment of tax preparers will\\ngrow 10 percent between 2012 and 2020, about as fast as the average growth for\\nall occupations.\\n\\nWhat are the long term career prospects for tax preparers?\\n\\nTax preparers who start out as unenrolled preparers can pursue additional\\ntraining and become enrolled agents, which allows them to provide services to\\na wider range of clients and possibly charge more for their services. Some tax\\npreparers go to work for themselves, and if they are successful, their\\nbusinesses may expand.\\n\\nHow can I find a job as a tax preparer?\\n\\nIf you are qualified by your state’s standards to work as an independent tax\\npreparer, you can get started by advertising your services in your community.\\nAs you build a client base, you should start receiving more referrals for your\\nbusiness.\\n\\nIf you cannot yet work independently or want to work for an established\\nbusiness, you can apply for positions with accounting or law firms that offer\\ntax services. There are several large corporations that provide tax\\npreparation services, and you can look for work with these companies as well.\\n\\nHow can I learn more about becoming a tax preparer?\\n\\nThe IRS devotes a section of its website to information for tax professionals,\\nand this can be a good resource for you to learn about providing tax\\npreparation services. You can also search your state tax board or department’s\\nweb site for information about the registration or licensure requirements for\\ntax preparers in your state.\\n\\nProfessional associations like the National Association of Tax Professionals\\nand the National Association of Enrolled Agents can be helpful sources of\\ninformation as well.\\n\\n## Resources & Partners\\n\\n * Home\\n * Career List\\n * Expert Advice\\n * Privacy\\n * Contact Us\\n * Do not sell my info\\n\\n * Follow us\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 Optimal. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\nOur tuition numbers reflect data collected from the National Center for\\nEducation Statistics.\\n\\n * $ = Under $10,000 per year\\n * $$ = Under $20,000 per year\\n * $$$ = Under $30,000 per year\\n * $$$$ = Under $40,000 per year\\n * $$$$$ = Over $40,000 per year\\n\\nRecommendation rate refers to the percent of students who said they would\\nrecommend this school based on reviews submitted to our partner site,\\nGradReports.com.\\n\\nThis indicates that a school has an annual tuition of $15,000 or less as\\nreported to the National Center for Education Statistics or based on the\\nschool's website.\\n\\nThis indicates that a school has a recommend rate of 60% or more and at least\\n6 reviews (based on data from our partner site GradReports.com).\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200831031941/https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Tax Preparers\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.\",\n \"The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.\",\n \"| Employment (1)| Employment RSE (3)| Mean hourly wage| Mean annual wage (2)| Wage RSE (3) ---|---|---|---|--- 66,670| 2.8 %| $23.82| $49,550| 1.4 %\",\n \"Percentile| 10%| 25%| 50% (Median)| 75%| 90% ---|---|---|---|---|--- Hourly Wage| $10.46| $13.68| $20.71| $30.32| $41.86 Annual Wage (2)| $21,750| $28,450| $43,080| $63,070| $87,060\",\n \"Industries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.\",\n \"Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59| $23.67| $49,230 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Employment Services| 160| 0.00| $26.37| $54,850\",\n \"Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59| $23.67| $49,230 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Office Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550\",\n \"Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Management of Companies and Enterprises| 120| 0.01| $29.82| $62,030 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Office Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550\",\n \"States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.\",\n \"State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- California| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 Texas| 5,060| 0.41| 0.90| $25.71| $53,470 Florida| 4,910| 0.56| 1.23| $21.18| $44,050 New York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 Illinois| 2,600| 0.43| 0.95| $19.22| $39,980\",\n \"State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- South Dakota| 370| 0.88| 1.94| $20.01| $41,630 Idaho| 610| 0.83| 1.83| $18.35| $38,170 Nebraska| 710| 0.72| 1.58| $20.79| $43,250 Montana| 330| 0.71| 1.56| $18.88| $39,260 Alaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890\",\n \"State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- New York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 Colorado| 1,080| 0.40| 0.89| $28.82| $59,940 Massachusetts| 1,540| 0.43| 0.94| $28.67| $59,630 Alaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 California| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700\",\n \"Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA| 3,570| 0.57| 1.26| $28.02| $58,280 Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI| 2,050| 0.44| 0.97| $19.40| $40,350 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL| 1,700| 0.65| 1.42| $21.87| $45,490 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV| 1,670| 0.53| 1.16| $25.02| $52,050 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX| 1,520| 0.42| 0.92| $27.23| $56,640 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH| 1,370| 0.49| 1.08| $30.02| $62,440 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA| 1,200| 0.44| 0.97| $24.80| $51,590 Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX| 1,060| 0.35| 0.76| $27.56| $57,330\",\n \"Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Grants Pass, OR| 40| 1.59| 3.49| $14.90| $30,990 Rapid City, SD| 90| 1.41| 3.12| $23.42| $48,710 San Angelo, TX| 60| 1.29| 2.85| $21.41| $44,540 Reno, NV| 310| 1.28| 2.83| $22.62| $47,050 Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL| 220| 1.27| 2.79| (8)| (8) Fresno, CA| 430| 1.10| 2.43| $25.94| $53,960 Boise City, ID| 360| 1.09| 2.39| $16.97| $35,300 Billings, MT| 90| 1.05| 2.31| $22.25| $46,270 Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA| 500| 1.02| 2.24| $21.78| $45,310 Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY| 50| 0.99| 2.18| $16.51| $34,340\",\n \"Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA| 730| 0.64| 1.42| $37.80| $78,620 Abilene, TX| 60| 0.91| 1.99| $35.79| $74,440 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 Danbury, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $34.20| $71,140 Burlington-South Burlington, VT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $32.95| $68,540 Stockton-Lodi, CA| 60| 0.25| 0.56| $32.39| $67,370 New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY| (8)| (8)| (8)| $31.15| $64,790 Boulder, CO| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.95| $64,390 New Haven, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.83| $64,130\",\n \"Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Southeast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 Central Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 190| 1.04| 2.29| $11.22| $23,350 East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 Northeast Mississippi nonmetropolitan area| 150| 0.62| 1.38| $17.53| $36,460 Kansas nonmetropolitan area| 140| 0.36| 0.79| $15.88| $33,030\",\n \"Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Eastern Utah nonmetropolitan area| 110| 1.38| 3.04| $16.25| $33,790 Border Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area| 70| 1.24| 2.72| $19.53| $40,630 Southeast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 East Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 120| 1.19| 2.61| $9.55| $19,860\",\n \"Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- West North Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 80| 0.62| 1.37| $30.46| $63,350 West Central-Southwest New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.63| 1.39| $29.33| $61,010 South Central Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.27| 0.59| $26.83| $55,810 Northwest Iowa nonmetropolitan area| 40| 0.32| 0.70| $25.08| $52,160 Southwest Minnesota nonmetropolitan area| (8)| (8)| (8)| $24.73| $51,440\",\n \"These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.\",\n \"The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate --50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median. More about percentile wages.\",\n \"(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.\",\n \"(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a \\\"year-round, full-time\\\" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.\",\n \"(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.\",\n \"(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Tax Preparers\\n\\nSkip to Content\\n\\nAn official website of the United States government\\n\\nUnited States Department of Labor\\n\\nThe .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or\\n.mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal\\ngovernment site.\\n\\nThe site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the\\nofficial website and that any information you provide is encrypted and\\ntransmitted securely.\\n\\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\\n\\nFollow Us | Release Calendar | Blog\\n\\nOccupational Employment Statistics\\n\\nSHARE ON:\\n\\nPRINT:\\n\\nOES\\n\\nOccupational Employment Statistics\\n\\n * OES Homepage\\n * OES Overview\\n * OES FAQs\\n * Contact OES\\n\\n * BROWSE OES\\n * OES HOME\\n * OES OVERVIEW\\n\\n * DATA AVAILABLE\\n * SURVEY COVERAGE AND SCOPE\\n * ESTIMATES AVAILABLE\\n * USES OF THE DATA\\n * OES NEWS RELEASES\\n * OES DATA\\n\\n * OCCUPATION PROFILES\\n * NATIONAL\\n * STATE\\n * METROPOLITAN AND NONMETROPOLITAN AREA\\n * NATIONAL INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC AND BY OWNERSHIP\\n * ALL OES DATA\\n * OES CHARTS\\n * OES Videos\\n * OES MAPS\\n * OES PUBLICATIONS\\n\\n * BY TYPE\\n * BY TOPIC\\n * OES DATABASES\\n * OES FAQs\\n * CONTACT OES\\n\\n * OES TOPICS\\n * RESPONDENTS\\n * DOCUMENTATION\\n * SPECIAL NOTICES\\n * RELATED LINKS\\n\\nSubscribe to the OES Update\\n\\n|\\n\\n# Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2019\\n\\n## 13-2082 Tax Preparers\\n\\nPrepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses. Excludes “Accountants\\nand Auditors” (13-2011).\\n\\nNational estimates for this occupation Industry profile for this occupation\\nGeographic profile for this occupation\\n\\n#### National estimates for this occupation: Top\\n\\nEmployment estimate and mean wage estimates for this occupation:\\n\\n| Employment (1)| Employment RSE (3)| Mean hourly wage| Mean annual wage (2)|\\nWage RSE (3) \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\n66,670| 2.8 %| $23.82| $49,550| 1.4 % \\n \\nPercentile wage estimates for this occupation:\\n\\nPercentile| 10%| 25%| 50% (Median)| 75%| 90% \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nHourly Wage| $10.46| $13.68| $20.71| $30.32| $41.86 \\nAnnual Wage (2)| $21,750| $28,450| $43,080| $63,070| $87,060 \\n \\n#### Industry profile for this occupation: Top\\n\\nIndustries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation\\nare provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation,\\nsee the Create Customized Tables function.\\n\\nIndustries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation:\\n\\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\\nAnnual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\nAccounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59|\\n$23.67| $49,230 \\nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\\n$56,990 \\nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \\nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \\nEmployment Services| 160| 0.00| $26.37| $54,850 \\n \\nIndustries with the highest concentration of employment in this occupation:\\n\\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\\nAnnual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\nAccounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59|\\n$23.67| $49,230 \\nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \\nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\\n$56,990 \\nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \\nOffice Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550 \\n \\nTop paying industries for this occupation:\\n\\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\\nAnnual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \\nManagement of Companies and Enterprises| 120| 0.01| $29.82| $62,030 \\nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \\nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\\n$56,990 \\nOffice Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550 \\n \\n#### Geographic profile for this occupation: Top\\n\\nStates and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients,\\nand wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with\\nemployment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.\\n\\nStates with the highest employment level in this occupation:\\n\\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nCalifornia| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 \\nTexas| 5,060| 0.41| 0.90| $25.71| $53,470 \\nFlorida| 4,910| 0.56| 1.23| $21.18| $44,050 \\nNew York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 \\nIllinois| 2,600| 0.43| 0.95| $19.22| $39,980 \\n \\nStates with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this\\noccupation:\\n\\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nSouth Dakota| 370| 0.88| 1.94| $20.01| $41,630 \\nIdaho| 610| 0.83| 1.83| $18.35| $38,170 \\nNebraska| 710| 0.72| 1.58| $20.79| $43,250 \\nMontana| 330| 0.71| 1.56| $18.88| $39,260 \\nAlaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 \\n \\nTop paying States for this occupation:\\n\\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nNew York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 \\nColorado| 1,080| 0.40| 0.89| $28.82| $59,940 \\nMassachusetts| 1,540| 0.43| 0.94| $28.67| $59,630 \\nAlaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 \\nCalifornia| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 \\n \\nMetropolitan areas with the highest employment level in this occupation:\\n\\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 \\nLos Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA| 3,570| 0.57| 1.26| $28.02| $58,280 \\nChicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI| 2,050| 0.44| 0.97| $19.40| $40,350 \\nMiami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL| 1,700| 0.65| 1.42| $21.87| $45,490 \\nWashington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV| 1,670| 0.53| 1.16| $25.02|\\n$52,050 \\nDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX| 1,520| 0.42| 0.92| $27.23| $56,640 \\nSan Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 \\nBoston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH| 1,370| 0.49| 1.08| $30.02| $62,440 \\nAtlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA| 1,200| 0.44| 0.97| $24.80| $51,590 \\nHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX| 1,060| 0.35| 0.76| $27.56| $57,330 \\n \\nMetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location\\nquotients in this occupation:\\n\\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nGrants Pass, OR| 40| 1.59| 3.49| $14.90| $30,990 \\nRapid City, SD| 90| 1.41| 3.12| $23.42| $48,710 \\nSan Angelo, TX| 60| 1.29| 2.85| $21.41| $44,540 \\nReno, NV| 310| 1.28| 2.83| $22.62| $47,050 \\nPensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL| 220| 1.27| 2.79| (8)| (8) \\nFresno, CA| 430| 1.10| 2.43| $25.94| $53,960 \\nBoise City, ID| 360| 1.09| 2.39| $16.97| $35,300 \\nBillings, MT| 90| 1.05| 2.31| $22.25| $46,270 \\nOmaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA| 500| 1.02| 2.24| $21.78| $45,310 \\nElizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY| 50| 0.99| 2.18| $16.51| $34,340 \\n \\nTop paying metropolitan areas for this occupation:\\n\\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nSan Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA| 730| 0.64| 1.42| $37.80| $78,620 \\nAbilene, TX| 60| 0.91| 1.99| $35.79| $74,440 \\nSan Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 \\nDanbury, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $34.20| $71,140 \\nBurlington-South Burlington, VT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $32.95| $68,540 \\nStockton-Lodi, CA| 60| 0.25| 0.56| $32.39| $67,370 \\nNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 \\nAlbany-Schenectady-Troy, NY| (8)| (8)| (8)| $31.15| $64,790 \\nBoulder, CO| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.95| $64,390 \\nNew Haven, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.83| $64,130 \\n \\nNonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in this occupation:\\n\\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nSoutheast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 \\nCentral Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 190| 1.04| 2.29| $11.22| $23,350 \\nEast South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 \\nNortheast Mississippi nonmetropolitan area| 150| 0.62| 1.38| $17.53| $36,460 \\nKansas nonmetropolitan area| 140| 0.36| 0.79| $15.88| $33,030 \\n \\nNonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location\\nquotients in this occupation:\\n\\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nEastern Utah nonmetropolitan area| 110| 1.38| 3.04| $16.25| $33,790 \\nBorder Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area| 70| 1.24| 2.72| $19.53| $40,630 \\nSoutheast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 \\nEast South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 \\nEast Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 120| 1.19| 2.61| $9.55| $19,860 \\n \\nTop paying nonmetropolitan areas for this occupation:\\n\\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \\n---|---|---|---|---|--- \\nWest North Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 80| 0.62| 1.37| $30.46| $63,350 \\nWest Central-Southwest New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.63| 1.39|\\n$29.33| $61,010 \\nSouth Central Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.27| 0.59| $26.83| $55,810 \\nNorthwest Iowa nonmetropolitan area| 40| 0.32| 0.70| $25.08| $52,160 \\nSouthwest Minnesota nonmetropolitan area| (8)| (8)| (8)| $24.73| $51,440 \\n \\nAbout May 2019 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area\\nOccupational Employment and Wage Estimates\\n\\nThese estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all\\nindustry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states\\nand the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided\\nabove. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.\\n\\nThe percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain\\npercent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate\\n--50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers\\nearn more than the median. More about percentile wages.\\n\\n(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the\\ntotals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include\\nself-employed workers.\\n\\n(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a\\n\\\"year-round, full-time\\\" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations\\nwhere there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly\\ncalculated from the reported survey data.\\n\\n(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a\\nsurvey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise\\nthe estimate.\\n\\n(8) Estimate not released.\\n\\n(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of\\noccupational employment to the national average concentration. A location\\nquotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of\\nemployment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the\\noccupation is less prevalent in the area than average.\\n\\nOther OES estimates and related information:\\n\\nMay 2019 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\\n\\nMay 2019 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\\n\\nMay 2019 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and\\nWage Estimates\\n\\nMay 2019 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\\n\\nMay 2019 Occupation Profiles\\n\\nTechnical Notes\\n\\nLast Modified Date: July 6, 2020\\n\\nRecommend this page using:\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nLinkedIn \\n \\n * Home\\n * Subjects\\n * Data Tools\\n * Publications\\n * Economic Releases\\n * Students\\n * Beta\\n\\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Division of Occupational Employment Statistics\\nPSB Suite 2135 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE Washington, DC 20212-0001 Telephone:\\n1-202-691-6569 www.bls.gov/OES Contact OES\\n\\ninfo\\n\\n * What's New\\n * FAQs\\n * A-Z\\n * Glossary\\n * About BLS\\n * Careers @ BLS\\n * Find It! DOL\\n * Join our Mailing Lists\\n\\nresources\\n\\n * Inspector General (OIG)\\n * Budget and Performance\\n * No Fear Act\\n * USA.gov\\n\\nabout this site\\n\\n * Sitemap\\n * Freedom of Information Act\\n * Privacy & Security Statement\\n * Disclaimers\\n * Linking & Copyright Info\\n * Important Website Notices\\n * Help & Tutorials\\n\\nConnect With BLS\\n\\nTwitter Youtube Email\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://learn.org:80/articles/Tax_Preparer_5_Steps_to_Becoming_a_Tax_Preparer.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171015172608/http://learn.org:80/articles/Tax_Preparer_5_Steps_to_Becoming_a_Tax_Preparer.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask that you confirm your identity as a human. Thank you very much for your cooperation.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"## The site is experiencing issues and is unable to fulfill your request at\\nthis time. If this problem persists please contact customer support.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.irs.gov/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200909010747/https://www.irs.gov/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"An official website of the United States government\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Help us spread the word: Americans who don’t earn enough to have a tax filing requirement should sign up online with #IRS for an Economic Impact Payment by Oct 15. https://t.co/FjXU7pGWeq #COVIDreliefIRS pic.twitter.com/uduV4AHYAI\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Internal Revenue Service | An official website of the United States government\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n# Home Page\\n\\nAn official website of the United States Government\\n\\n * Español\\n * 中文 (简体)\\n * 中文 (繁體)\\n * 한국어\\n * Русский\\n * Tiếng Việt\\n * Kreyòl ayisyen\\n\\n * Search Toggle search\\n\\n * Menu Toggle menu\\n\\n## File\\n\\n * Overview\\n * INFORMATION FOR...\\n * Individuals\\n * International Taxpayers\\n * Business & Self Employed\\n * Government Entities\\n * FILING FOR INDIVIDUALS\\n * How to File\\n * When to File\\n * Where to File\\n * Update My Information\\n * POPULAR\\n * Economic Impact Payments\\n * Coronavirus Tax Relief\\n * Free File\\n * Get Your Tax Record\\n * Get an Identity Protection PIN (IP PIN)\\n\\n## Pay\\n\\n * Overview\\n * PAY BY\\n * Bank Account (Direct Pay)\\n * Debit or Credit Card\\n * Payment Plan (Installment Agreement)\\n * Electronic Federal Tax Payment System (EFTPS)\\n * POPULAR\\n * View Your Account\\n * Tax Withholding Estimator\\n * Estimated Taxes\\n * Penalties\\n\\n## Refunds\\n\\n * Overview\\n * Where's My Refund\\n * What to Expect\\n * Direct Deposit\\n * Reduced Refunds\\n * Fix/Correct a Return\\n\\n## Credits & Deductions\\n\\n * Overview\\n * INFORMATION FOR...\\n * Individuals\\n * Businesses & Self-Employed\\n * POPULAR\\n * Earned Income Credit (EITC)\\n * Child Tax Credit\\n * Standard Deduction\\n * Health Coverage\\n * Retirement Savings\\n\\n## Forms & Instructions\\n\\n * Overview\\n * FORMS & INSTRUCTIONS\\n * Form 1040\\n * Form 1040 Instructions\\n * Form W-9\\n * Form 4506-T\\n * Form W-4\\n * Form 941\\n * Form W-2\\n * Form 9465\\n * POPULAR FOR TAX PROS\\n * Form 1040-X\\n * Form 2848\\n * Form W-7\\n * Circular 230\\n\\nGet My Economic Impact Payment\\n\\nNon-Filers: Enter Payment Info Here\\n\\nGet Coronavirus Tax Relief\\n\\nGet Your Refund Status\\n\\nDo Your Taxes for Free\\n\\nGet Your Tax Record\\n\\nView Your Account\\n\\nMake a Payment\\n\\n## Forms and Instructions\\n\\n1040 and Schedules 1-3 Individual Tax Return\\n\\nOther 1040 Schedules Information About the Other Schedules Filed With Form\\n1040\\n\\nForm 2290 Heavy Highway Vehicle Use Tax Return\\n\\nSearch Forms & Instructions\\n\\n## Economic Impact Payments\\n\\nCheck on your payment status\\n\\n## Coronavirus Tax Relief\\n\\nIRS taking steps to help taxpayers\\n\\n## Where’s My Refund?\\n\\nUse the “Where’s My Refund?” tool to check your refund status\\n\\n## IRS Free File Open Now\\n\\nFree File will help you do your taxes online for free\\n\\n## We speak your language\\n\\nGet the tax information you need in 21 languages\\n\\n## Get Answers to Your Tax Questions\\n\\nUse our Interactive Tax Assistant\\n\\nIRS2Go Mobile App\\n\\nThe official mobile app of the IRS\\n\\nLearn more\\n\\n> Help us spread the word: Americans who don’t earn enough to have a tax\\n> filing requirement should sign up online with #IRS for an Economic Impact\\n> Payment by Oct 15. https://t.co/FjXU7pGWeq #COVIDreliefIRS\\n> pic.twitter.com/uduV4AHYAI\\n>\\n> — IRS #COVIDreliefIRS (@IRSnews) September 8, 2020\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210123202315/https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"With less than a month left to go until the April 15 tax deadline, most tax return preparers are up to their elbows in work. Nevertheless, it might be an opportune time to land some new clients, since people are thinking about their taxes and wondering if they might pay less next year if they find a qualified tax preparer now.\",\n \"Adding fuel to the fire is the fiasco at the nation's largest tax return preparer, H&R Block, where a mistake caused the delay in processing some 600,000 customers' returns. The blunder likely will have many taxpayers wondering if it's time to shop around.\",\n \"But it remains clear that tax preparers in general have a captive audience. A February survey of just over 1,000 wage earners by the finance and accounting staffing firm Accounting Principals found that about half of middle-income wage earners pay to have their returns prepared by someone else because they to get want the biggest refund possible.\",\n \"About 44 percent of working Americans will go to an accountant to prepare their taxes this year, including 49 percent who make between $30,000 and $50,000 annually.\",\n \"The tax preparation industry is in transition, and it's an especially challenging time for those firms that work for lower-income clients with simpler returns, according to Tax Preparation Services in the US, a study published in August 2012 by the research firm IBISWorld.\",\n \"Doug Kelly, theIBISWorld analyst who prepared the report, told AccountingWEB there are more small-time preparers in the market because of the relative ease of use of such software programs as Intuit's TurboTax. And then the free IRS e-file service is taking away an increasing number of lower-income taxpayers with basic returns.\",\n \"\\\"In response, many tax preparation firms now provide basic services for free. In doing so, they attract customers who subsequently sign up for fee-based services, such as state income tax preparation filing\\\", he said in his report.\",\n \"If tax preparers market themselves properly, there's plenty of opportunity for those who target middle-income and high-income tax clients, industry experts say.\",\n \"Nate Hagerty, founder and CEOof TaxProMarketer, a tax industry marketing and consulting firm, told AccountingWEB that asking existing clients for referrals and contacting lost clients from prior years are the quickest ways to drum up business, even this season. \\\"A lot of times, they just need to be asked.\\\"\",\n \"The negative publicity surrounding H&R Block's troubles presents \\\"another good reason to remind people of the value you provide\\\", Hagerty said. \\\"But it's a delicate situation. You don't want to bad-mouth the competition.\\\"\",\n \"Hagerty said that communicating with potential new or former clients before tax season, without necessarily making a sale pitch, can also be worthwhile, especially if it's done in a personal way. Just e-mailing tax tips or reminders about deadlines isn't enough to get their attention given the blizzard of e-mails most people receive, he said.\",\n \"Dominique Molina, CPA and president of American Institute of Certified Tax Coaches, a national network of tax planning specialists, says that CPAs and tax professionals need to do more to differentiate themselves from tax preparers who are merely performing data entry.\",\n \"Molina said\\\",Most consumers don't understand the differences between H&R Block and someone who is a CPA, an EA, or a tax attorney. They're all viewed the same way by some people – as someone paid to prepare forms.\\\" Find ways to educate potential clients about your education and your abilities to reduce their taxes, she says.\",\n \"It’s true; tax season is the Great chance for the tax preparation services providers to earn maximum benefits. Because this is the peak Season when the most of the individuals and business organizations search for expertise solution to handle their unorganized books, accounts and tax returns with minimized errors to achieved maximum return on investment. Thus, it’s a big opportunity for tax preparation companies to serve the people successfully in tax season.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services |\\nAccountingWEB\\n\\nLoginSign up\\n\\nSubscribe to Newsletter\\n\\nMenu\\n\\nTax\\n\\nIRS\\n\\nShare this content\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n### Free eBook: Mastering Online Presence in the Firm\\n\\nGuide\\n\\nNew\\n\\nTags:\\n\\n * Marketing\\n\\n# Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services\\n\\nMar 18th 2013\\n\\n1 comment\\n\\nShare this content\\n\\nBy Frank Byrt\\n\\nWith less than a month left to go until the April 15 tax deadline, most tax\\nreturn preparers are up to their elbows in work. Nevertheless, it might be an\\nopportune time to land some new clients, since people are thinking about their\\ntaxes and wondering if they might pay less next year if they find a qualified\\ntax preparer now.\\n\\nAdding fuel to the fire is the fiasco at the nation's largest tax return\\npreparer, H&R Block, where a mistake caused the delay in processing some\\n600,000 customers' returns. The blunder likely will have many taxpayers\\nwondering if it's time to shop around.\\n\\nBut it remains clear that tax preparers in general have a captive audience. A\\nFebruary survey of just over 1,000 wage earners by the finance and accounting\\nstaffing firm Accounting Principals found that about half of middle-income\\nwage earners pay to have their returns prepared by someone else because they\\nto get want the biggest refund possible.\\n\\nThe survey found that:\\n\\n * About 44 percent of working Americans will go to an accountant to prepare their taxes this year, including 49 percent who make between $30,000 and $50,000 annually.\\n * Among those who make $100,000 or more, 66 percent say they will get their return professionally prepared.\\n\\nThe tax preparation industry is in transition, and it's an especially\\nchallenging time for those firms that work for lower-income clients with\\nsimpler returns, according to Tax Preparation Services in the US, a study\\npublished in August 2012 by the research firm IBISWorld.\\n\\nDoug Kelly, theIBISWorld analyst who prepared the report, told AccountingWEB\\nthere are more small-time preparers in the market because of the relative ease\\nof use of such software programs as Intuit's TurboTax. And then the free IRS\\ne-file service is taking away an increasing number of lower-income taxpayers\\nwith basic returns.\\n\\n\\\"In response, many tax preparation firms now provide basic services for free.\\nIn doing so, they attract customers who subsequently sign up for fee-based\\nservices, such as state income tax preparation filing\\\", he said in his report.\\n\\nIf tax preparers market themselves properly, there's plenty of opportunity for\\nthose who target middle-income and high-income tax clients, industry experts\\nsay.\\n\\nNate Hagerty, founder and CEOof TaxProMarketer, a tax industry marketing and\\nconsulting firm, told AccountingWEB that asking existing clients for referrals\\nand contacting lost clients from prior years are the quickest ways to drum up\\nbusiness, even this season. \\\"A lot of times, they just need to be asked.\\\"\\n\\nThe negative publicity surrounding H&R Block's troubles presents \\\"another good\\nreason to remind people of the value you provide\\\", Hagerty said. \\\"But it's a\\ndelicate situation. You don't want to bad-mouth the competition.\\\"\\n\\nHagerty said that communicating with potential new or former clients before\\ntax season, without necessarily making a sale pitch, can also be worthwhile,\\nespecially if it's done in a personal way. Just e-mailing tax tips or\\nreminders about deadlines isn't enough to get their attention given the\\nblizzard of e-mails most people receive, he said.\\n\\nDominique Molina, CPA and president of American Institute of Certified Tax\\nCoaches, a national network of tax planning specialists, says that CPAs and\\ntax professionals need to do more to differentiate themselves from tax\\npreparers who are merely performing data entry.\\n\\nMolina said\\\",Most consumers don't understand the differences between H&R Block\\nand someone who is a CPA, an EA, or a tax attorney. They're all viewed the\\nsame way by some people – as someone paid to prepare forms.\\\" Find ways to\\neducate potential clients about your education and your abilities to reduce\\ntheir taxes, she says.\\n\\nRelated articles:\\n\\n * Thinking of Using TurboTax, ProSeries, Lacerte, Intuit Online, as Your Tax Software? Think Again!\\n * H&R Block Gaffe Gums Up the Works\\n * E-Filing Continues to Grow, Exceeds 80 Percent Goal\\n\\nTags:\\n\\n * Marketing\\n\\nShare this content\\n\\nLeave a comment\\n\\n### Related content\\n\\n### 5 Ways Your Marketing Can Thrive in the New Year\\n\\nGrowth\\n\\nJan 14th 2021\\n\\n### How One Accounting Firm Successfully Went Remote\\n\\nGrowth\\n\\nJan 6th 2021\\n\\n### Free eBook: Mastering Online Presence in the Firm\\n\\nGuide\\n\\nNew\\n\\nRead more from\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n### Replies (1)\\n\\n### Please login or register to join the discussion.\\n\\nBy jennigreen\\n\\nDec 20th 2016 07:18\\n\\nIt’s true; tax season is the Great chance for the tax preparation services\\nproviders to earn maximum benefits. Because this is the peak Season when the\\nmost of the individuals and business organizations search for expertise\\nsolution to handle their unorganized books, accounts and tax returns with\\nminimized errors to achieved maximum return on investment. Thus, it’s a big\\nopportunity for tax preparation companies to serve the people successfully in\\ntax season.\\n\\nThanks (0)\\n\\n## Most read this week\\n\\n### Tax Court Rules on Home Computer Deductions\\n\\nIndividuals\\n\\nJan 21st 2021\\n\\n## Trending\\n\\n### Tax Court Rules on Home Computer Deductions\\n\\nIndividuals\\n\\nJan 21st 2021\\n\\n### Employee Retention Credit Under COVID-19 Relief\\n\\nBusiness Tax\\n\\nJan 20th 2021\\n\\n### COVID & Stress: Addressing Mental Health at Work\\n\\nPractice Excellence\\n\\nJan 22nd 2021\\n\\n## Upcoming Events\\n\\n2021 Event Information Coming Soon\\n\\nCopyright 2021 Sift\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":366,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":994571,"string":"994,571"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Organize a Small Bedroom"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To organize a small bedroom, place your bed in a corner if it's a twin or in the center of your room's most visible wall if it's a double, which will give you the most floor space. Then, store things in bins under your bed to save room. If your bed is too short, put it on risers so you can fit things under it. You can also hang up wall-mounted shelves to store things, and you can get a large storage bin and put pillows on top so it doubles as seating."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20180320105616/http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20160618095648/http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20211012094729/https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236","http://web.archive.org/web/20161015225714/http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210418154857/https://homeguides.sfgate.com/arrange-room-bedroom-set-small-space-32166.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180320105616/http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160618095648/http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211012094729/https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161015225714/http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418154857/https://homeguides.sfgate.com/arrange-room-bedroom-set-small-space-32166.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2294,"string":"2,294"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180320105616/http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Organize a Small Bedroom","passages":["Learning how to organize a small bedroom is an important step in ensuring the functionality of the room. Not only is organization important in terms of being able to find everything that is stored in the bedroom, it can also help one relax and get a good night’s sleep. Though it may seem like a difficult task, organizing a small bedroom can actually be a rather simple process.","One of the biggest challenges that many people face when trying to organize a small bedroom is that they simply have too much stuff. Throw away or donate anything you do not need, and be selective regarding what items need to stay in the bedroom and what can be moved to another room. To ensure a good night’s sleep, experts recommend that the bedroom only be used for sleep and sexual activity. Keep this in mind when deciding what items must be stored in the bedroom.","Bedrooms tend to have a lot of wasted space, such as the area under the bed. Rather than leaving this precious space empty, consider adding to it by putting the bed on risers. Doing so will elevate the bed to a level that makes under bed storage a practical solution. Be sure to make use of vertical space as well. Adding a shelving system along a bedroom wall can greatly increase the amount of available storage space. To keep the shelves organized, put items in clearly labeled bins or baskets.","Too much furniture or pieces that are too large can easily make a small bedroom feel cramped and cluttered. Bring in only the furniture that is absolutely necessary, and, if possible, try to buy pieces that are proportionately the right size for the space. Choosing dressers that are tall instead of wide is a good way to increase storage space without taking up additional floor space. Replacing a large bed with a smaller one can also make organization easier as it allows more room for storage.","No matter how small a closet is, it can help to organize a bedroom. Make sure the closet is kept neat and clutter free. Install shelves along the walls for items that cannot be hung up, and if there is room to do so, consider adding additional storage units."]},"parsed_md":"How to Organize a Small Bedroom\n\nIt appears that your browser does not support JavaScript\n\n# How to Organize a Small Bedroom\n\nPosted by Staff Writer in Organizing\n\nLearning how to organize a small bedroom is an important step in ensuring the\nfunctionality of the room. Not only is organization important in terms of\nbeing able to find everything that is stored in the bedroom, it can also help\none relax and get a good night’s sleep. Though it may seem like a difficult\ntask, organizing a small bedroom can actually be a rather simple process.\n\n# Get Rid of the Clutter\n\nOne of the biggest challenges that many people face when trying to organize a\nsmall bedroom is that they simply have too much stuff. Throw away or donate\nanything you do not need, and be selective regarding what items need to stay\nin the bedroom and what can be moved to another room. To ensure a good night’s\nsleep, experts recommend that the bedroom only be used for sleep and sexual\nactivity. Keep this in mind when deciding what items must be stored in the\nbedroom.\n\n# Make Use of All Available Space\n\nBedrooms tend to have a lot of wasted space, such as the area under the bed.\nRather than leaving this precious space empty, consider adding to it by\nputting the bed on risers. Doing so will elevate the bed to a level that makes\nunder bed storage a practical solution. Be sure to make use of vertical space\nas well. Adding a shelving system along a bedroom wall can greatly increase\nthe amount of available storage space. To keep the shelves organized, put\nitems in clearly labeled bins or baskets.\n\n# Limit the Amount of Furniture\n\nToo much furniture or pieces that are too large can easily make a small\nbedroom feel cramped and cluttered. Bring in only the furniture that is\nabsolutely necessary, and, if possible, try to buy pieces that are\nproportionately the right size for the space. Choosing dressers that are tall\ninstead of wide is a good way to increase storage space without taking up\nadditional floor space. Replacing a large bed with a smaller one can also make\norganization easier as it allows more room for storage.\n\n# Make Use of the Closet\n\nNo matter how small a closet is, it can help to organize a bedroom. Make sure\nthe closet is kept neat and clutter free. Install shelves along the walls for\nitems that cannot be hung up, and if there is room to do so, consider adding\nadditional storage units.\n\nResources\n\nSunset bedrooms & bath storage . 2nd ed. Menlo Park CA: Lane, 1988. Print.\n\nClutter control: tips and crafts to organize your bedroom, backpack, locker,\nlife.. Middleton, WI: American Girl Publishing, 2008. Print.\n\n * How to Organize\n * Organizing\n\nCopyright 2009-2018\n\nSophisticated Media LLC\n\nTerms of Service l Privacy Policy\n\nContact Us\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160618095648/http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds","passages":["In our technological advanced world of today, the bedroom has become more than just a place to sleep. Since floor space is at a premium in the modern home, loft, Murphy and bunk beds offer a viable alternative location for your mattress without sacrificing additional areas of living space.","Loft beds have become a popular choice for a child's bedroom as well as dorm rooms. With a loft bed, the mattress is placed on a platform that is several feet off the ground. The area underneath, where there once would have been only a bed, can then be used as work space, seating space, or just for storage.","There are a number of options available for loft beds that can make them a viable choice for any bedroom where lack of floor space is a problem. For instance, there are loft beds available that have a built in futon as the bottom layer. The futon can then be used when additional seating is required during the day, and then convert it's mattress into extra sleeping space at night if required.","Another great option offered on some loft bed models is a built in desk or computer station. For teens and college students, this extra study space is very valuable and their young legs do not mind climbing the ladder at night to sleep. In addition to building in desks, some manufacturers include a built in dresser beneath the bed. What a great way to gain storage in a tight space.","At the top of the range is the all in one loft bed which has it all. It has a twin or full size bed up top, while underneath there is a wardrobe for hanging clothes, drawers for storing folded clothes, a desk for workspace and even a slide out mattress, or trundle for extra sleeping space.","In today's market of homes with three bedrooms, if you have more that two children, some have to double up. While some bedrooms can accommodate multiple beds, bunk beds remain a necessary choice. With models that use two twin mattresses, a twin mattress over a full mattress or two full size mattresses available, it is possible to sleep an increasingly large number of people without building on to the house. Some companies even offer a triple bunk with three beds stacked on top of each other to really maximize space.","A less popular but still very practical option for small spaces is the Murphy bed. These beds allow a mattress to be folded inside a wall or cabinet. Murphy beds were popular in the seventies and became famous in the comedy movies that saw characters accidentally folded inside the wall with their mattress. This is highly unlikely since most models lock into place when opened and lock into place when closed. As they are available in wall models and cabinet models, you can find one to suit any space or decor needs.","If you live in a small space, you still have options. You can lift that mattress off the ground with a loft bed, or hide it with a Murphy bed. However, if you need to sleep many people in the smallest amount of space, bunks beds may your best choice."]},"parsed_md":"Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds\n\n|\n\n# Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds\n\nIn our technological advanced world of today, the bedroom has become more than\njust a place to sleep. Since floor space is at a premium in the modern home,\nloft, Murphy and bunk beds offer a viable alternative location for your\nmattress without sacrificing additional areas of living space.\n\n## Space Saving Loft Beds\n\nLoft beds have become a popular choice for a child's bedroom as well as dorm\nrooms. With a loft bed, the mattress is placed on a platform that is several\nfeet off the ground. The area underneath, where there once would have been\nonly a bed, can then be used as work space, seating space, or just for\nstorage.\n\nThere are a number of options available for loft beds that can make them a\nviable choice for any bedroom where lack of floor space is a problem. For\ninstance, there are loft beds available that have a built in futon as the\nbottom layer. The futon can then be used when additional seating is required\nduring the day, and then convert it's mattress into extra sleeping space at\nnight if required.\n\nAnother great option offered on some loft bed models is a built in desk or\ncomputer station. For teens and college students, this extra study space is\nvery valuable and their young legs do not mind climbing the ladder at night to\nsleep. In addition to building in desks, some manufacturers include a built in\ndresser beneath the bed. What a great way to gain storage in a tight space.\n\nAt the top of the range is the all in one loft bed which has it all. It has a\ntwin or full size bed up top, while underneath there is a wardrobe for hanging\nclothes, drawers for storing folded clothes, a desk for workspace and even a\nslide out mattress, or trundle for extra sleeping space.\n\n### Space Saving Bunk Beds\n\nIn today's market of homes with three bedrooms, if you have more that two\nchildren, some have to double up. While some bedrooms can accommodate multiple\nbeds, bunk beds remain a necessary choice. With models that use two twin\nmattresses, a twin mattress over a full mattress or two full size mattresses\navailable, it is possible to sleep an increasingly large number of people\nwithout building on to the house. Some companies even offer a triple bunk with\nthree beds stacked on top of each other to really maximize space.\n\n### Space Saving Murphy Beds\n\nA less popular but still very practical option for small spaces is the Murphy\nbed. These beds allow a mattress to be folded inside a wall or cabinet. Murphy\nbeds were popular in the seventies and became famous in the comedy movies that\nsaw characters accidentally folded inside the wall with their mattress. This\nis highly unlikely since most models lock into place when opened and lock into\nplace when closed. As they are available in wall models and cabinet models,\nyou can find one to suit any space or decor needs.\n\nIf you live in a small space, you still have options. You can lift that\nmattress off the ground with a loft bed, or hide it with a Murphy bed.\nHowever, if you need to sleep many people in the smallest amount of space,\nbunks beds may your best choice. \n \n--- \n \nTweet\n\nPage Updated: 07 Nov 2015 \n \n| | Home \n--- \nTypes of Bed \nAdjustable Beds for Home Use \nTraditional Canopy Beds \nDaybeds with Trundle \nDaybeds for Children \nFuton Couch Beds \nJapanese Style Platform Beds \nLuxury King Size Beds \nSpace Saving Beds \nTop Quality Sofa Beds \n \nCopyright © The Sleep Guide\n\n| | Contact Us Site Map Privacy Policy \n---\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211012094729/https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236","parsed_text":{"title":"20 Ideas for Organizing Your Bedroom Closet","passages":["Are you a little obsessed with organizing? We are too. With spring cleaning in full swing and the Great Clothing Transition of winter to summer apparel commencing, you’re probably thinking about how best to organize your closet (whatever that means for you). To get you inspired, we’ve rounded up this super helpful list of ways to organize your bedroom closet, courtesy of tips we’ve found on House Tours. Whether you have a walk-in closet or strategically-placed clothing rack, we have a little bit of something for everyone.","1. If you don’t have any real closets in your home, integrate storage into another room (as Darla did above). Wall racks and hangers are easy to install, and there are plenty of closet systems to choose from—including The Container Store’s Elfa System, seen above.","2. Declutter. Aside from Marie Kondo‘s strategies, check out Discardian’s Closet Trick to get rid of clothes you don’t wear. Here’s how it works: Turn around all the hangers in your closet so the hooks are pointing towards you, and when you wear something, put it back with the hook the normal way. In six months, donate any item still hanging on a hook facing the wrong way.","4. Combine storage units to fit your different needs: drawers for folded items, hangers for dresses and suits, and boxes for odds and ends. You can create your own drawers using a closet system, and hangers and storage boxes are easy to find. To get you started, Amazon sells a 50-pack of velvet hangers for $25.","5. Use coordinated hangers for a clean look that will care for your clothes and help you stay organized. Wooden hangers are a more sophisticated alternative to the flimsier plastic hangers—some of our favorites include this 30-pack from Amazon Basics for under $30 or this on-sale 6-pack from The Container Store.","6. Don’t forget to make use of floor space (if you’re lucky enough to have some). Get creative and use an umbrella stand or a large wicker basket to hold odd items like yoga mats—we love this geometric find on Wayfair.","7. Invest in a shoe organizer—and actually use it. Boxes, cubbies, tiered shelves, and hanging organizers are all good options, and to make things easier we have a guide to the best shoe storage solutions out there.","8. If you have shelves, keep them tidy with shelf dividers. Even if you’re an expert folder (as shown in the image above), keeping your piles of clothes or towels separated goes a long way in helping them remain folded. You can find super inexpensive shelf dividers in a couple places, like these acrylic dividers from Amazon or this under $15 pack from Target.","9. Use vertical space (both above and below the closet rod) to store more. If you don’t have built-in shelves, you can easily install them yourself (The Container Store and Home Depot have a ton of options). To make the most of your space, use boxes or containers to keep the clutter to a minimum.","10. Add lights in your closet so you can see (and use!) what’s in there. Have fun with chandeliers if you’ve got enough space (Wayfair has a ton that are small space-friendly), or go for some classic string lights (like this budget- friendly set from Amazon)—anything that’ll add brightness will do.","11. Replace traditional closet doors with curtains or hanging screens. Aside from adding some aesthetic appeal, it makes your closet more functional for a small space, since the doors won’t swing out. Or, if you have an open closet it’s a good way to hide the clutter","12. For optimal functionality, use stackable laundry baskets rather than a hamper. Not only will this make sorting easier, but it also means you can carry your dirty clothes to the laundry room without struggling with a bag or flimsy handles. Some good options include this $10 find from The Container Store and this 6-pack for laundry fiends from Target.","13. If you have empty wall space, hooks are a great way to create extra storage for coats, bags, or towels. Even if you don’t have room in your closet, you can always add hooks to your walls or on the back of your door. Command hooks are always a good idea, but don’t forget to check out Anthropologie and Schoolhouse Electric for more stylish but equally functional hooks.","14. Treat your closet like a small room, not a throwaway space. Pay attention to lighting, wall color, and floor coverings, and you’ll be more inclined to keep it looking tidy.","15. Make more room in your closet by storing out-of-season clothes in boxes up high or, even better, out of sight under the bed. Storage beds are small- space saviors, but you can make do with smart under bed storage, like this $10 storage bag from Amazon.","16. Color coding your wardrobe is a small habit that makes finding things easier. Another method is sorting your clothes by weight or sleeve length—for example, keep all the short-sleeved t-shirts and long-sleeved sweaters separated.","17. Invest in your closet by using good-looking storage solutions. They don’t have to be expensive, just uniform and fitting in with your personal style. It could be something as simple as sticking with one pattern (like these canvas quilted bins), or a more elaborate closet system.","18. For something totally different, a rolling cart can be pulled in or out of the closet and used for clothing or miscellaneous storage. IKEA’s RÅSKOG cart started this trend (you can truly use it anywhere in your home), but there are plenty of similar models out there if the RÅSKOG isn’t quite right.","19. Suitcases taking up too much space? Take advantage of bulky luggage and use them to store out-of-season linens, blankets, or sweaters. You can store them in your closet, under the bed—or utilize them elsewhere as decor.","20. Try repurposing standard storage pieces. Taryn and Sanford used a trunk to store clothing in their closet, with a cushion on top for seating (and then baskets on top of that for even more storage)."]},"parsed_md":"20 Ideas for Organizing Your Bedroom Closet | Apartment Therapy\n\nNewsletters\n\nOrganize & Clean\n\nBedroom\n\nOrganizing\n\nVideo\n\n# 20 Smart Ways to Organize Your Bedroom Closet\n\nby Sarah Coffey\n\nupdated Dec 17, 2019\n\nSaveComments\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Jennifer Cascino)\n\nAre you a little obsessed with organizing? We are too. With spring cleaning in\nfull swing and the Great Clothing Transition of winter to summer apparel\ncommencing, you’re probably thinking about how best to organize your closet\n(whatever that means for you). To get you inspired, we’ve rounded up this\nsuper helpful list of ways to organize your bedroom closet, courtesy of tips\nwe’ve found on House Tours. Whether you have a walk-in closet or\nstrategically-placed clothing rack, we have a little bit of something for\neveryone.\n\nWatch\n\nThe Beginner's Guide to an Organized Closet\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Andrea Sparacio)\n\n1\\. If you don’t have any real closets in your home, integrate storage into\nanother room (as Darla did above). Wall racks and hangers are easy to install,\nand there are plenty of closet systems to choose from—including The Container\nStore’s Elfa System, seen above.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\n2\\. Declutter. Aside from Marie Kondo‘s strategies, check out Discardian’s\nCloset Trick to get rid of clothes you don’t wear. Here’s how it works: Turn\naround all the hangers in your closet so the hooks are pointing towards you,\nand when you wear something, put it back with the hook the normal way. In six\nmonths, donate any item still hanging on a hook facing the wrong way.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Adrienne Breaux)\n\n3\\. Placement is key. Store your most-used items at eye level, less-used items\nbelow, and least-used items up high.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Arthur Garcia-Clemente)\n\n4\\. Combine storage units to fit your different needs: drawers for folded\nitems, hangers for dresses and suits, and boxes for odds and ends. You can\ncreate your own drawers using a closet system, and hangers and storage boxes\nare easy to find. To get you started, Amazon sells a 50-pack of velvet hangers\nfor $25.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Emma Fiala)\n\n5\\. Use coordinated hangers for a clean look that will care for your clothes\nand help you stay organized. Wooden hangers are a more sophisticated\nalternative to the flimsier plastic hangers—some of our favorites include this\n30-pack from Amazon Basics for under $30 or this on-sale 6-pack from The\nContainer Store.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Bethany Nauert)\n\n6\\. Don’t forget to make use of floor space (if you’re lucky enough to have\nsome). Get creative and use an umbrella stand or a large wicker basket to hold\nodd items like yoga mats—we love this geometric find on Wayfair.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\n7\\. Invest in a shoe organizer—and actually use it. Boxes, cubbies, tiered\nshelves, and hanging organizers are all good options, and to make things\neasier we have a guide to the best shoe storage solutions out there.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\n8\\. If you have shelves, keep them tidy with shelf dividers. Even if you’re an\nexpert folder (as shown in the image above), keeping your piles of clothes or\ntowels separated goes a long way in helping them remain folded. You can find\nsuper inexpensive shelf dividers in a couple places, like these acrylic\ndividers from Amazon or this under $15 pack from Target.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Jacqueline Marque)\n\n9\\. Use vertical space (both above and below the closet rod) to store more. If\nyou don’t have built-in shelves, you can easily install them yourself (The\nContainer Store and Home Depot have a ton of options). To make the most of\nyour space, use boxes or containers to keep the clutter to a minimum.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Apartment Therapy)\n\n10\\. Add lights in your closet so you can see (and use!) what’s in there. Have\nfun with chandeliers if you’ve got enough space (Wayfair has a ton that are\nsmall space-friendly), or go for some classic string lights (like this budget-\nfriendly set from Amazon)—anything that’ll add brightness will do.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Samara Vise)\n\n11\\. Replace traditional closet doors with curtains or hanging screens. Aside\nfrom adding some aesthetic appeal, it makes your closet more functional for a\nsmall space, since the doors won’t swing out. Or, if you have an open closet\nit’s a good way to hide the clutter\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: GIC/Stocksy)\n\n12\\. For optimal functionality, use stackable laundry baskets rather than a\nhamper. Not only will this make sorting easier, but it also means you can\ncarry your dirty clothes to the laundry room without struggling with a bag or\nflimsy handles. Some good options include this $10 find from The Container\nStore and this 6-pack for laundry fiends from Target.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Jessica Isaac)\n\n13\\. If you have empty wall space, hooks are a great way to create extra\nstorage for coats, bags, or towels. Even if you don’t have room in your\ncloset, you can always add hooks to your walls or on the back of your door.\nCommand hooks are always a good idea, but don’t forget to check out\nAnthropologie and Schoolhouse Electric for more stylish but equally functional\nhooks.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Esteban Cortez)\n\n14\\. Treat your closet like a small room, not a throwaway space. Pay attention\nto lighting, wall color, and floor coverings, and you’ll be more inclined to\nkeep it looking tidy.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Aimée Mazzenga)\n\n15\\. Make more room in your closet by storing out-of-season clothes in boxes\nup high or, even better, out of sight under the bed. Storage beds are small-\nspace saviors, but you can make do with smart under bed storage, like this $10\nstorage bag from Amazon.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Diana Paulson)\n\n16\\. Color coding your wardrobe is a small habit that makes finding things\neasier. Another method is sorting your clothes by weight or sleeve length—for\nexample, keep all the short-sleeved t-shirts and long-sleeved sweaters\nseparated.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Esteban Cortez)\n\n17\\. Invest in your closet by using good-looking storage solutions. They don’t\nhave to be expensive, just uniform and fitting in with your personal style. It\ncould be something as simple as sticking with one pattern (like these canvas\nquilted bins), or a more elaborate closet system.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Lauren Kolyn)\n\n18\\. For something totally different, a rolling cart can be pulled in or out\nof the closet and used for clothing or miscellaneous storage. IKEA’s RÅSKOG\ncart started this trend (you can truly use it anywhere in your home), but\nthere are plenty of similar models out there if the RÅSKOG isn’t quite right.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Melissa DiRenzo)\n\n19\\. Suitcases taking up too much space? Take advantage of bulky luggage and\nuse them to store out-of-season linens, blankets, or sweaters. You can store\nthem in your closet, under the bed—or utilize them elsewhere as decor.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Carolyn Purnell)\n\n20\\. Try repurposing standard storage pieces. Taryn and Sanford used a trunk\nto store clothing in their closet, with a cushion on top for seating (and then\nbaskets on top of that for even more storage).\n\nThis post was originally published on February 19, 2008, and was last updated\non April 22, 2019.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\nSarah Coffey\n\nContributor\n\nSaveComments\n\nFollow us\n\nApartment Therapy is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment\nTherapy, Kitchn, and Cubby.\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nApartment Therapy is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161015225714/http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/","parsed_text":{"title":"13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor","passages":["Vintage trunks are exquisite pieces that serve both as wonderful decorative accents and as useful storage containers. They can be included anywhere in a décor as long as you know how to integrate them in a room and how make them a great focal point. There are lots of ingenious and creative ways for using a vintage trunk. We have selected a few ideas and we hope they will inspire you to redecorate your home and make them a part of it.","In the bedroom, a trunk can be placed at the end of the bed where it would serve as a great place to store blankets, pillows and other similar items. In this case, it matches the headboard and also follows the same color palette as the rest of the décor.","A vintage trunk can also be sued as a coffee table in the living room. It would be an exquisite accent piece and, since it’s usually placed in the center of the room, it would also be a great focal point for the décor.","This is another example for using a vintage trunk as a coffee table. It complements nicely the sofa and the rug. In this case it brings together the sofa and the additional chairs and it forms a cozy and inviting lounge area, a stylish relaxation corner.","In the previous examples, the trunk featured similar colors and textures as the rest of the room décor. But here we see that it can also be used to create interesting contrasts. A beautiful, dark-stained trunk would really stand out in a bright décor with pastel, pale colors.","A vintage trunk would integrate wonderfully in a décor that also features a similar style. In this case we have a more traditional look and the coffee table which is actually a vintage trunk matches the furniture and adds a little extra charm to the living room.","Here’s another example of a bedroom that showcases a vintage trunk. In this room we can see that the rustic furniture boost darker tones and it stands out against the white walls. The contrast is strong, both in terms of color and style.","A vintage trunk repurposed as a coffee table would look beautiful in a living room if there is also a fireplace there. It sets a cozy and warm mood and the atmosphere becomes inviting. In this particular example we can see that the décor is very well-balanced and that the trunk matches the storage cabinet.","A beautiful trunk can also be used as a nightstand if it has the right dimensions and shape. Place in the bedroom near the bed and you have an original nightstand. Add a couple of vintage decorative pillows on the bed and you have a cozy bedroom with unique details.","A vintage trunk may even be used in a kid’s or teenager’s bedroom. It would give it a unique charm and it may even be redecorated. You could paint something on it or you If you find a beautiful vintage trunk you can even use it a purely decorative piece. It doesn’t have to be repurposed as a bedside table, coffee table, nightstand or anything else. Just use it as a place to display a few decorations and place on the hallway or somewhere where everyone can see it and admire it.","Even a smaller, square-shaped trunk can be used as a coffee table. Use it in a smaller area such as a family room or lounge area. It would be a nice addition if the room has other, more massive pieces of furniture.","In a small home where you have an open plan where the dining and living area are not that well defined, a vintage trunk turned into a coffee table can be a great room divider. It adds style and it’s also useful as a coffee table, maybe set in front of a small sofa.","If you have a bedroom with twin beds, then you can use two beautiful vintage trunks. Place each one at the end of each bed and create symmetry. If you also add some more vintage pieces such as vintage armchair in a corner or some beautiful vintage lampshades, then the décor is indeed amazing.","Even a modern or contemporary living room can benefit from a stylish vintage trunk. In this example we see that the décor is mostly white. The walls and ceilings are white and so is the furniture. The wooden floors, the traditional rug and the vintage coffee table trunk create a very beautiful and elegant focal point.","She may not be very fond of people, finding them annoying most of the time, but she still enjoys helping them from the shadows. Her attention to detail drives others crazy yet remains her most appreciated characteristic.","Cookies help us deliver our services. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Learn More Got It!"]},"parsed_md":"13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor\n\n# Home Decorating Trends – Homedit\n\nHome Decorating Trends – Homedit\n\n * Best Of\n * Apartments\n * Architecture\n * Bathroom\n * DIY\n * Furniture\n * Kitchen\n * Office\n * Ideas\n * Lighting\n * Living\n * How To\n * Videos\n\nBack to top\n\n * Home\n * Interiors\n\nShare\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Stumble\n\n## 13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor\n\nVintage trunks are exquisite pieces that serve both as wonderful decorative\naccents and as useful storage containers. They can be included anywhere in a\ndécor as long as you know how to integrate them in a room and how make them a\ngreat focal point. There are lots of ingenious and creative ways for using a\nvintage trunk. We have selected a few ideas and we hope they will inspire you\nto redecorate your home and make them a part of it.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIn the bedroom, a trunk can be placed at the end of the bed where it would\nserve as a great place to store blankets, pillows and other similar items. In\nthis case, it matches the headboard and also follows the same color palette as\nthe rest of the décor.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk can also be sued as a coffee table in the living room. It\nwould be an exquisite accent piece and, since it’s usually placed in the\ncenter of the room, it would also be a great focal point for the décor.\n\nView in gallery\n\nThis is another example for using a vintage trunk as a coffee table. It\ncomplements nicely the sofa and the rug. In this case it brings together the\nsofa and the additional chairs and it forms a cozy and inviting lounge area, a\nstylish relaxation corner.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIn the previous examples, the trunk featured similar colors and textures as\nthe rest of the room décor. But here we see that it can also be used to create\ninteresting contrasts. A beautiful, dark-stained trunk would really stand out\nin a bright décor with pastel, pale colors.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk would integrate wonderfully in a décor that also features a\nsimilar style. In this case we have a more traditional look and the coffee\ntable which is actually a vintage trunk matches the furniture and adds a\nlittle extra charm to the living room.\n\nView in gallery\n\nHere’s another example of a bedroom that showcases a vintage trunk. In this\nroom we can see that the rustic furniture boost darker tones and it stands out\nagainst the white walls. The contrast is strong, both in terms of color and\nstyle.\n\n##### MoreINSPIRATION\n\n * 5 Different Ways To Use Trunks Around the House\n * 13 Creative Repurposing Ideas For A Beautiful Décor Created On A Budget\n * Cowhide rugs and a few ways of using them in your interior décor\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk repurposed as a coffee table would look beautiful in a living\nroom if there is also a fireplace there. It sets a cozy and warm mood and the\natmosphere becomes inviting. In this particular example we can see that the\ndécor is very well-balanced and that the trunk matches the storage cabinet.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA beautiful trunk can also be used as a nightstand if it has the right\ndimensions and shape. Place in the bedroom near the bed and you have an\noriginal nightstand. Add a couple of vintage decorative pillows on the bed and\nyou have a cozy bedroom with unique details.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk may even be used in a kid’s or teenager’s bedroom. It would\ngive it a unique charm and it may even be redecorated. You could paint\nsomething on it or you If you find a beautiful vintage trunk you can even use\nit a purely decorative piece. It doesn’t have to be repurposed as a bedside\ntable, coffee table, nightstand or anything else. Just use it as a place to\ndisplay a few decorations and place on the hallway or somewhere where everyone\ncan see it and admire it.\n\nView in gallery\n\nEven a smaller, square-shaped trunk can be used as a coffee table. Use it in a\nsmaller area such as a family room or lounge area. It would be a nice addition\nif the room has other, more massive pieces of furniture.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIn a small home where you have an open plan where the dining and living area\nare not that well defined, a vintage trunk turned into a coffee table can be a\ngreat room divider. It adds style and it’s also useful as a coffee table,\nmaybe set in front of a small sofa.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIf you have a bedroom with twin beds, then you can use two beautiful vintage\ntrunks. Place each one at the end of each bed and create symmetry. If you also\nadd some more vintage pieces such as vintage armchair in a corner or some\nbeautiful vintage lampshades, then the décor is indeed amazing.\n\nView in gallery\n\nEven a modern or contemporary living room can benefit from a stylish vintage\ntrunk. In this example we see that the décor is mostly white. The walls and\nceilings are white and so is the furniture. The wooden floors, the traditional\nrug and the vintage coffee table trunk create a very beautiful and elegant\nfocal point.\n\nPicture sources:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 and 13}.\n\n### Share this post\n\nAdd to Flipboard Magazine. Pin It Tweet\n\nPosted in Interiors on September 10, 2012\n\n### About the author\n\n#### Simona Ganea\n\nShe may not be very fond of people, finding them annoying most of the time,\nbut she still enjoys helping them from the shadows. Her attention to detail\ndrives others crazy yet remains her most appreciated characteristic.\n\n### YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE\n\n * #### 5 Different Ways To Use Trunks Around the House\n\n * #### 13 Creative Repurposing Ideas For A Beautiful Décor Created On A Budget\n\n * #### Cowhide rugs and a few ways of using them in your interior décor\n\n * #### Chic and inviting retro interior décor\n\n * #### 16 Creative Design And Décor Ideas For Limited Spaces\n\n * #### Mid-century Modern Fleetwood Cocktail Table\n\n * #### Ideas for a balanced interior décor with pink accents\n\n * #### 10 unusual headboard ideas for an original bedroom interior décor\n\n * #### Get Sorted! 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Since a bed is a must-have item -- and is usually on the large side -- it takes up the bulk of the space in room and you're left scrambling to find a spot for the other pieces in your bedroom set. There are ways to arrange your bedroom furniture so you can comfortably move around the space and fit all the necessary pieces -- it just requires some careful planning.","In a bedroom, the bed should always take center stage, and there are usually several ways to place a bed so it becomes the focal point of the room. However, in a small master bedroom, your options are usually limited because you have to leave enough room on either side of the bed to get in and out of it comfortably. Placing your bed in the center of the room's most visible wall is usually the best arrangement. The most visible wall is usually opposite the door, but the wall that runs perpendicular to the door on the left side may be a better option depending on the size of your bedroom. If the room is large enough, you can place small nightstands on either side of the bed and a dresser on the wall opposite the foot of the bed.","When you're arranging furniture in a bedroom for a child or teen, you may be dealing with a twin bed instead of a double. Since the bed is slimmer, you have more options when placing it in the room. Centering it on the most visible wall as you would with a larger bed is an effective option, but it may not be the best use of space in a small room. Instead, try placing your twin bed in a corner of the room so the head of the bed and its side are up against perpendicular walls. This type of arrangement frees up the center of the room to make the space feel larger and leaves two entire walls -- and most of a third -- free for other furniture like a dresser, desk or bookcase.","When your bedroom is small, large storage pieces can take up valuable floor space that could be used for other items or left open to give the room a more spacious feel. Instead of keeping a large armoire, tall chest of drawers or wide dresser in your actual bedroom, place it in your closet where it is out of the way. You may need to rearrange your closet to accommodate the large furniture item, but this type of layout can actually make it easier to get ready in the morning since all of your clothing is in one spot.","When you're dealing with an extremely small bedroom, you may only have one arrangement option that fits in the space – and there still may not be enough room for your bed and other furniture items that you need. If that's the case, look for furniture that can do double-duty so you can maximize the space that is available. A headboard that features storage like bookshelves or cubbyholes may make bedside tables unnecessary. A bench for the foot of your bed can include storage under the seat so you may not need a larger dresser or armoire. You may even want to consider a futon or sofa bed instead of a traditional bed in a studio or one-bedroom apartment, so your bedroom can double as a living room.","Based in New York City, Jennifer Blair has been covering all things home and garden since 2001. Her writing has appeared on BobVila.com, World Lifestyle, and House Logic. Blair holds a Bachelor of Arts in Writing Seminars from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland."]},"parsed_md":"How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space | Home Guides | SF Gate\n\n * ## NEWS\n\n * ## SPORTS\n\n * ## LOCAL\n\n * ## CULTURE\n\n * ## COMMUTING\n\n * ## FOOD + DRINK\n\n * ## TRAVEL\n\n * ## REAL ESTATE\n\n * ## OBITS\n\n * ## COUPONS\n\n# How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space\n\n * Home Guides\n\n|\n\n * Home\n\n|\n\n * Home Improvement\n\n|\n\n * DIY\n\nBy Jennifer Blair Updated December 19, 2018\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n * How to Arrange a Room With Sliding Doors\n * Designer Tips on Placing a Bed in a Corner\n * How to Design a Room Around an Oversized Couch\n * How to Arrange a Bedroom With Carpeting, a Bed & a Couch\n * How to Make Room for Triplets\n\nIf you're stuck with a small bedroom, it may seem like there's just not enough\nspace for all of your furniture. Since a bed is a must-have item -- and is\nusually on the large side -- it takes up the bulk of the space in room and\nyou're left scrambling to find a spot for the other pieces in your bedroom\nset. There are ways to arrange your bedroom furniture so you can comfortably\nmove around the space and fit all the necessary pieces -- it just requires\nsome careful planning.\n\n## Place a Double Bed in Center of Wall\n\nIn a bedroom, the bed should always take center stage, and there are usually\nseveral ways to place a bed so it becomes the focal point of the room.\nHowever, in a small master bedroom, your options are usually limited because\nyou have to leave enough room on either side of the bed to get in and out of\nit comfortably. Placing your bed in the center of the room's most visible wall\nis usually the best arrangement. The most visible wall is usually opposite the\ndoor, but the wall that runs perpendicular to the door on the left side may be\na better option depending on the size of your bedroom. If the room is large\nenough, you can place small nightstands on either side of the bed and a\ndresser on the wall opposite the foot of the bed.\n\n## Place Twin Bed in Corner\n\nWhen you're arranging furniture in a bedroom for a child or teen, you may be\ndealing with a twin bed instead of a double. Since the bed is slimmer, you\nhave more options when placing it in the room. Centering it on the most\nvisible wall as you would with a larger bed is an effective option, but it may\nnot be the best use of space in a small room. Instead, try placing your twin\nbed in a corner of the room so the head of the bed and its side are up against\nperpendicular walls. This type of arrangement frees up the center of the room\nto make the space feel larger and leaves two entire walls -- and most of a\nthird -- free for other furniture like a dresser, desk or bookcase.\n\n## Place Storage Furniture in Closet\n\nWhen your bedroom is small, large storage pieces can take up valuable floor\nspace that could be used for other items or left open to give the room a more\nspacious feel. Instead of keeping a large armoire, tall chest of drawers or\nwide dresser in your actual bedroom, place it in your closet where it is out\nof the way. You may need to rearrange your closet to accommodate the large\nfurniture item, but this type of layout can actually make it easier to get\nready in the morning since all of your clothing is in one spot.\n\n## Use Multipurpose Pieces\n\nWhen you're dealing with an extremely small bedroom, you may only have one\narrangement option that fits in the space – and there still may not be enough\nroom for your bed and other furniture items that you need. If that's the case,\nlook for furniture that can do double-duty so you can maximize the space that\nis available. A headboard that features storage like bookshelves or cubbyholes\nmay make bedside tables unnecessary. A bench for the foot of your bed can\ninclude storage under the seat so you may not need a larger dresser or\narmoire. You may even want to consider a futon or sofa bed instead of a\ntraditional bed in a studio or one-bedroom apartment, so your bedroom can\ndouble as a living room.\n\nWriter Bio\n\nBased in New York City, Jennifer Blair has been covering all things home and\ngarden since 2001. Her writing has appeared on BobVila.com, World Lifestyle,\nand House Logic. Blair holds a Bachelor of Arts in Writing Seminars from the\nJohns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.\n\n### Related Articles\n\n## How to Rearrange Your Small & Square Teen Bedroom\n\n## How to Organize a Home Office With Three Desks\n\n## How to Arrange a Toddler's Bedroom\n\n## How to Place a Bed in a Corner of the Room\n\n## How to Design Using a Mattress on the Floor\n\n## Tips on Making a Small Kids Room Bigger for Two\n\n## How to Rearrange a Small Family Room\n\n## How to Set Up Your Loft\n\n## How to Decorate a Teen's Small Room Around a Double Bed\n\n## How to Arrange a Room With Sliding Doors\n\n## Designer Tips on Placing a Bed in a Corner\n\n## How to Design a Room Around an Oversized Couch\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n * 1 How to Rearrange Your Small & Square Teen Bedroom\n * 2 How to Organize a Home Office With Three Desks\n * 3 How to Arrange a Toddler's Bedroom\n * 4 How to Place a Bed in a Corner of the Room\n\nLogo Return to Top\n\n### About\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Our Company\n * The Press: Guide to Wine Country\n * Green State: Cannabis Culture\n * Careers\n * Advertising\n\n### Contact\n\n * Customer Service\n * Newsroom Contacts\n\n### Connect\n\n * Sign up for Email Alerts\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n\n### CCPA\n\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\n### QuickLinks\n\n * Real Estate\n * Cars\n * Jobs\n * SF Marketplace\n * Recruitment\n * Home Services\n * Obituaries\n * Horoscopes\n * Comics\n * Dear Abby\n * Weather\n * Home\n * Movies\n * TV\n * Earthquakes\n * Wildfires\n * Public Notice\n * MBA by the Bay\n\nHearst Newspapers © Copyright 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180320105616/http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Organize a Small Bedroom\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Learning how to organize a small bedroom is an important step in ensuring the functionality of the room. Not only is organization important in terms of being able to find everything that is stored in the bedroom, it can also help one relax and get a good night’s sleep. Though it may seem like a difficult task, organizing a small bedroom can actually be a rather simple process.\",\n \"One of the biggest challenges that many people face when trying to organize a small bedroom is that they simply have too much stuff. Throw away or donate anything you do not need, and be selective regarding what items need to stay in the bedroom and what can be moved to another room. To ensure a good night’s sleep, experts recommend that the bedroom only be used for sleep and sexual activity. Keep this in mind when deciding what items must be stored in the bedroom.\",\n \"Bedrooms tend to have a lot of wasted space, such as the area under the bed. Rather than leaving this precious space empty, consider adding to it by putting the bed on risers. Doing so will elevate the bed to a level that makes under bed storage a practical solution. Be sure to make use of vertical space as well. Adding a shelving system along a bedroom wall can greatly increase the amount of available storage space. To keep the shelves organized, put items in clearly labeled bins or baskets.\",\n \"Too much furniture or pieces that are too large can easily make a small bedroom feel cramped and cluttered. Bring in only the furniture that is absolutely necessary, and, if possible, try to buy pieces that are proportionately the right size for the space. Choosing dressers that are tall instead of wide is a good way to increase storage space without taking up additional floor space. Replacing a large bed with a smaller one can also make organization easier as it allows more room for storage.\",\n \"No matter how small a closet is, it can help to organize a bedroom. Make sure the closet is kept neat and clutter free. Install shelves along the walls for items that cannot be hung up, and if there is room to do so, consider adding additional storage units.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Organize a Small Bedroom\\n\\nIt appears that your browser does not support JavaScript\\n\\n# How to Organize a Small Bedroom\\n\\nPosted by Staff Writer in Organizing\\n\\nLearning how to organize a small bedroom is an important step in ensuring the\\nfunctionality of the room. Not only is organization important in terms of\\nbeing able to find everything that is stored in the bedroom, it can also help\\none relax and get a good night’s sleep. Though it may seem like a difficult\\ntask, organizing a small bedroom can actually be a rather simple process.\\n\\n# Get Rid of the Clutter\\n\\nOne of the biggest challenges that many people face when trying to organize a\\nsmall bedroom is that they simply have too much stuff. Throw away or donate\\nanything you do not need, and be selective regarding what items need to stay\\nin the bedroom and what can be moved to another room. To ensure a good night’s\\nsleep, experts recommend that the bedroom only be used for sleep and sexual\\nactivity. Keep this in mind when deciding what items must be stored in the\\nbedroom.\\n\\n# Make Use of All Available Space\\n\\nBedrooms tend to have a lot of wasted space, such as the area under the bed.\\nRather than leaving this precious space empty, consider adding to it by\\nputting the bed on risers. Doing so will elevate the bed to a level that makes\\nunder bed storage a practical solution. Be sure to make use of vertical space\\nas well. Adding a shelving system along a bedroom wall can greatly increase\\nthe amount of available storage space. To keep the shelves organized, put\\nitems in clearly labeled bins or baskets.\\n\\n# Limit the Amount of Furniture\\n\\nToo much furniture or pieces that are too large can easily make a small\\nbedroom feel cramped and cluttered. Bring in only the furniture that is\\nabsolutely necessary, and, if possible, try to buy pieces that are\\nproportionately the right size for the space. Choosing dressers that are tall\\ninstead of wide is a good way to increase storage space without taking up\\nadditional floor space. Replacing a large bed with a smaller one can also make\\norganization easier as it allows more room for storage.\\n\\n# Make Use of the Closet\\n\\nNo matter how small a closet is, it can help to organize a bedroom. Make sure\\nthe closet is kept neat and clutter free. Install shelves along the walls for\\nitems that cannot be hung up, and if there is room to do so, consider adding\\nadditional storage units.\\n\\nResources\\n\\nSunset bedrooms & bath storage . 2nd ed. Menlo Park CA: Lane, 1988. Print.\\n\\nClutter control: tips and crafts to organize your bedroom, backpack, locker,\\nlife.. Middleton, WI: American Girl Publishing, 2008. Print.\\n\\n * How to Organize\\n * Organizing\\n\\nCopyright 2009-2018\\n\\nSophisticated Media LLC\\n\\nTerms of Service l Privacy Policy\\n\\nContact Us\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160618095648/http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In our technological advanced world of today, the bedroom has become more than just a place to sleep. Since floor space is at a premium in the modern home, loft, Murphy and bunk beds offer a viable alternative location for your mattress without sacrificing additional areas of living space.\",\n \"Loft beds have become a popular choice for a child's bedroom as well as dorm rooms. With a loft bed, the mattress is placed on a platform that is several feet off the ground. The area underneath, where there once would have been only a bed, can then be used as work space, seating space, or just for storage.\",\n \"There are a number of options available for loft beds that can make them a viable choice for any bedroom where lack of floor space is a problem. For instance, there are loft beds available that have a built in futon as the bottom layer. The futon can then be used when additional seating is required during the day, and then convert it's mattress into extra sleeping space at night if required.\",\n \"Another great option offered on some loft bed models is a built in desk or computer station. For teens and college students, this extra study space is very valuable and their young legs do not mind climbing the ladder at night to sleep. In addition to building in desks, some manufacturers include a built in dresser beneath the bed. What a great way to gain storage in a tight space.\",\n \"At the top of the range is the all in one loft bed which has it all. It has a twin or full size bed up top, while underneath there is a wardrobe for hanging clothes, drawers for storing folded clothes, a desk for workspace and even a slide out mattress, or trundle for extra sleeping space.\",\n \"In today's market of homes with three bedrooms, if you have more that two children, some have to double up. While some bedrooms can accommodate multiple beds, bunk beds remain a necessary choice. With models that use two twin mattresses, a twin mattress over a full mattress or two full size mattresses available, it is possible to sleep an increasingly large number of people without building on to the house. Some companies even offer a triple bunk with three beds stacked on top of each other to really maximize space.\",\n \"A less popular but still very practical option for small spaces is the Murphy bed. These beds allow a mattress to be folded inside a wall or cabinet. Murphy beds were popular in the seventies and became famous in the comedy movies that saw characters accidentally folded inside the wall with their mattress. This is highly unlikely since most models lock into place when opened and lock into place when closed. As they are available in wall models and cabinet models, you can find one to suit any space or decor needs.\",\n \"If you live in a small space, you still have options. You can lift that mattress off the ground with a loft bed, or hide it with a Murphy bed. However, if you need to sleep many people in the smallest amount of space, bunks beds may your best choice.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds\\n\\n|\\n\\n# Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds\\n\\nIn our technological advanced world of today, the bedroom has become more than\\njust a place to sleep. Since floor space is at a premium in the modern home,\\nloft, Murphy and bunk beds offer a viable alternative location for your\\nmattress without sacrificing additional areas of living space.\\n\\n## Space Saving Loft Beds\\n\\nLoft beds have become a popular choice for a child's bedroom as well as dorm\\nrooms. With a loft bed, the mattress is placed on a platform that is several\\nfeet off the ground. The area underneath, where there once would have been\\nonly a bed, can then be used as work space, seating space, or just for\\nstorage.\\n\\nThere are a number of options available for loft beds that can make them a\\nviable choice for any bedroom where lack of floor space is a problem. For\\ninstance, there are loft beds available that have a built in futon as the\\nbottom layer. The futon can then be used when additional seating is required\\nduring the day, and then convert it's mattress into extra sleeping space at\\nnight if required.\\n\\nAnother great option offered on some loft bed models is a built in desk or\\ncomputer station. For teens and college students, this extra study space is\\nvery valuable and their young legs do not mind climbing the ladder at night to\\nsleep. In addition to building in desks, some manufacturers include a built in\\ndresser beneath the bed. What a great way to gain storage in a tight space.\\n\\nAt the top of the range is the all in one loft bed which has it all. It has a\\ntwin or full size bed up top, while underneath there is a wardrobe for hanging\\nclothes, drawers for storing folded clothes, a desk for workspace and even a\\nslide out mattress, or trundle for extra sleeping space.\\n\\n### Space Saving Bunk Beds\\n\\nIn today's market of homes with three bedrooms, if you have more that two\\nchildren, some have to double up. While some bedrooms can accommodate multiple\\nbeds, bunk beds remain a necessary choice. With models that use two twin\\nmattresses, a twin mattress over a full mattress or two full size mattresses\\navailable, it is possible to sleep an increasingly large number of people\\nwithout building on to the house. Some companies even offer a triple bunk with\\nthree beds stacked on top of each other to really maximize space.\\n\\n### Space Saving Murphy Beds\\n\\nA less popular but still very practical option for small spaces is the Murphy\\nbed. These beds allow a mattress to be folded inside a wall or cabinet. Murphy\\nbeds were popular in the seventies and became famous in the comedy movies that\\nsaw characters accidentally folded inside the wall with their mattress. This\\nis highly unlikely since most models lock into place when opened and lock into\\nplace when closed. As they are available in wall models and cabinet models,\\nyou can find one to suit any space or decor needs.\\n\\nIf you live in a small space, you still have options. You can lift that\\nmattress off the ground with a loft bed, or hide it with a Murphy bed.\\nHowever, if you need to sleep many people in the smallest amount of space,\\nbunks beds may your best choice. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nTweet\\n\\nPage Updated: 07 Nov 2015 \\n \\n| | Home \\n--- \\nTypes of Bed \\nAdjustable Beds for Home Use \\nTraditional Canopy Beds \\nDaybeds with Trundle \\nDaybeds for Children \\nFuton Couch Beds \\nJapanese Style Platform Beds \\nLuxury King Size Beds \\nSpace Saving Beds \\nTop Quality Sofa Beds \\n \\nCopyright © The Sleep Guide\\n\\n| | Contact Us Site Map Privacy Policy \\n---\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211012094729/https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"20 Ideas for Organizing Your Bedroom Closet\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Are you a little obsessed with organizing? We are too. With spring cleaning in full swing and the Great Clothing Transition of winter to summer apparel commencing, you’re probably thinking about how best to organize your closet (whatever that means for you). To get you inspired, we’ve rounded up this super helpful list of ways to organize your bedroom closet, courtesy of tips we’ve found on House Tours. Whether you have a walk-in closet or strategically-placed clothing rack, we have a little bit of something for everyone.\",\n \"1. If you don’t have any real closets in your home, integrate storage into another room (as Darla did above). Wall racks and hangers are easy to install, and there are plenty of closet systems to choose from—including The Container Store’s Elfa System, seen above.\",\n \"2. Declutter. Aside from Marie Kondo‘s strategies, check out Discardian’s Closet Trick to get rid of clothes you don’t wear. Here’s how it works: Turn around all the hangers in your closet so the hooks are pointing towards you, and when you wear something, put it back with the hook the normal way. In six months, donate any item still hanging on a hook facing the wrong way.\",\n \"4. Combine storage units to fit your different needs: drawers for folded items, hangers for dresses and suits, and boxes for odds and ends. You can create your own drawers using a closet system, and hangers and storage boxes are easy to find. To get you started, Amazon sells a 50-pack of velvet hangers for $25.\",\n \"5. Use coordinated hangers for a clean look that will care for your clothes and help you stay organized. Wooden hangers are a more sophisticated alternative to the flimsier plastic hangers—some of our favorites include this 30-pack from Amazon Basics for under $30 or this on-sale 6-pack from The Container Store.\",\n \"6. Don’t forget to make use of floor space (if you’re lucky enough to have some). Get creative and use an umbrella stand or a large wicker basket to hold odd items like yoga mats—we love this geometric find on Wayfair.\",\n \"7. Invest in a shoe organizer—and actually use it. Boxes, cubbies, tiered shelves, and hanging organizers are all good options, and to make things easier we have a guide to the best shoe storage solutions out there.\",\n \"8. If you have shelves, keep them tidy with shelf dividers. Even if you’re an expert folder (as shown in the image above), keeping your piles of clothes or towels separated goes a long way in helping them remain folded. You can find super inexpensive shelf dividers in a couple places, like these acrylic dividers from Amazon or this under $15 pack from Target.\",\n \"9. Use vertical space (both above and below the closet rod) to store more. If you don’t have built-in shelves, you can easily install them yourself (The Container Store and Home Depot have a ton of options). To make the most of your space, use boxes or containers to keep the clutter to a minimum.\",\n \"10. Add lights in your closet so you can see (and use!) what’s in there. Have fun with chandeliers if you’ve got enough space (Wayfair has a ton that are small space-friendly), or go for some classic string lights (like this budget- friendly set from Amazon)—anything that’ll add brightness will do.\",\n \"11. Replace traditional closet doors with curtains or hanging screens. Aside from adding some aesthetic appeal, it makes your closet more functional for a small space, since the doors won’t swing out. Or, if you have an open closet it’s a good way to hide the clutter\",\n \"12. For optimal functionality, use stackable laundry baskets rather than a hamper. Not only will this make sorting easier, but it also means you can carry your dirty clothes to the laundry room without struggling with a bag or flimsy handles. Some good options include this $10 find from The Container Store and this 6-pack for laundry fiends from Target.\",\n \"13. If you have empty wall space, hooks are a great way to create extra storage for coats, bags, or towels. Even if you don’t have room in your closet, you can always add hooks to your walls or on the back of your door. Command hooks are always a good idea, but don’t forget to check out Anthropologie and Schoolhouse Electric for more stylish but equally functional hooks.\",\n \"14. Treat your closet like a small room, not a throwaway space. Pay attention to lighting, wall color, and floor coverings, and you’ll be more inclined to keep it looking tidy.\",\n \"15. Make more room in your closet by storing out-of-season clothes in boxes up high or, even better, out of sight under the bed. Storage beds are small- space saviors, but you can make do with smart under bed storage, like this $10 storage bag from Amazon.\",\n \"16. Color coding your wardrobe is a small habit that makes finding things easier. Another method is sorting your clothes by weight or sleeve length—for example, keep all the short-sleeved t-shirts and long-sleeved sweaters separated.\",\n \"17. Invest in your closet by using good-looking storage solutions. They don’t have to be expensive, just uniform and fitting in with your personal style. It could be something as simple as sticking with one pattern (like these canvas quilted bins), or a more elaborate closet system.\",\n \"18. For something totally different, a rolling cart can be pulled in or out of the closet and used for clothing or miscellaneous storage. IKEA’s RÅSKOG cart started this trend (you can truly use it anywhere in your home), but there are plenty of similar models out there if the RÅSKOG isn’t quite right.\",\n \"19. Suitcases taking up too much space? Take advantage of bulky luggage and use them to store out-of-season linens, blankets, or sweaters. You can store them in your closet, under the bed—or utilize them elsewhere as decor.\",\n \"20. Try repurposing standard storage pieces. Taryn and Sanford used a trunk to store clothing in their closet, with a cushion on top for seating (and then baskets on top of that for even more storage).\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"20 Ideas for Organizing Your Bedroom Closet | Apartment Therapy\\n\\nNewsletters\\n\\nOrganize & Clean\\n\\nBedroom\\n\\nOrganizing\\n\\nVideo\\n\\n# 20 Smart Ways to Organize Your Bedroom Closet\\n\\nby Sarah Coffey\\n\\nupdated Dec 17, 2019\\n\\nSaveComments\\n\\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\\nmay earn a commission.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Jennifer Cascino)\\n\\nAre you a little obsessed with organizing? We are too. With spring cleaning in\\nfull swing and the Great Clothing Transition of winter to summer apparel\\ncommencing, you’re probably thinking about how best to organize your closet\\n(whatever that means for you). To get you inspired, we’ve rounded up this\\nsuper helpful list of ways to organize your bedroom closet, courtesy of tips\\nwe’ve found on House Tours. Whether you have a walk-in closet or\\nstrategically-placed clothing rack, we have a little bit of something for\\neveryone.\\n\\nWatch\\n\\nThe Beginner's Guide to an Organized Closet\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Andrea Sparacio)\\n\\n1\\\\. If you don’t have any real closets in your home, integrate storage into\\nanother room (as Darla did above). Wall racks and hangers are easy to install,\\nand there are plenty of closet systems to choose from—including The Container\\nStore’s Elfa System, seen above.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\\n\\n2\\\\. Declutter. Aside from Marie Kondo‘s strategies, check out Discardian’s\\nCloset Trick to get rid of clothes you don’t wear. Here’s how it works: Turn\\naround all the hangers in your closet so the hooks are pointing towards you,\\nand when you wear something, put it back with the hook the normal way. In six\\nmonths, donate any item still hanging on a hook facing the wrong way.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Adrienne Breaux)\\n\\n3\\\\. Placement is key. Store your most-used items at eye level, less-used items\\nbelow, and least-used items up high.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Arthur Garcia-Clemente)\\n\\n4\\\\. Combine storage units to fit your different needs: drawers for folded\\nitems, hangers for dresses and suits, and boxes for odds and ends. You can\\ncreate your own drawers using a closet system, and hangers and storage boxes\\nare easy to find. To get you started, Amazon sells a 50-pack of velvet hangers\\nfor $25.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Emma Fiala)\\n\\n5\\\\. Use coordinated hangers for a clean look that will care for your clothes\\nand help you stay organized. Wooden hangers are a more sophisticated\\nalternative to the flimsier plastic hangers—some of our favorites include this\\n30-pack from Amazon Basics for under $30 or this on-sale 6-pack from The\\nContainer Store.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Bethany Nauert)\\n\\n6\\\\. Don’t forget to make use of floor space (if you’re lucky enough to have\\nsome). Get creative and use an umbrella stand or a large wicker basket to hold\\nodd items like yoga mats—we love this geometric find on Wayfair.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\\n\\n7\\\\. Invest in a shoe organizer—and actually use it. Boxes, cubbies, tiered\\nshelves, and hanging organizers are all good options, and to make things\\neasier we have a guide to the best shoe storage solutions out there.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\\n\\n8\\\\. If you have shelves, keep them tidy with shelf dividers. Even if you’re an\\nexpert folder (as shown in the image above), keeping your piles of clothes or\\ntowels separated goes a long way in helping them remain folded. You can find\\nsuper inexpensive shelf dividers in a couple places, like these acrylic\\ndividers from Amazon or this under $15 pack from Target.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Jacqueline Marque)\\n\\n9\\\\. Use vertical space (both above and below the closet rod) to store more. If\\nyou don’t have built-in shelves, you can easily install them yourself (The\\nContainer Store and Home Depot have a ton of options). To make the most of\\nyour space, use boxes or containers to keep the clutter to a minimum.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Apartment Therapy)\\n\\n10\\\\. Add lights in your closet so you can see (and use!) what’s in there. Have\\nfun with chandeliers if you’ve got enough space (Wayfair has a ton that are\\nsmall space-friendly), or go for some classic string lights (like this budget-\\nfriendly set from Amazon)—anything that’ll add brightness will do.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Samara Vise)\\n\\n11\\\\. Replace traditional closet doors with curtains or hanging screens. Aside\\nfrom adding some aesthetic appeal, it makes your closet more functional for a\\nsmall space, since the doors won’t swing out. Or, if you have an open closet\\nit’s a good way to hide the clutter\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: GIC/Stocksy)\\n\\n12\\\\. For optimal functionality, use stackable laundry baskets rather than a\\nhamper. Not only will this make sorting easier, but it also means you can\\ncarry your dirty clothes to the laundry room without struggling with a bag or\\nflimsy handles. Some good options include this $10 find from The Container\\nStore and this 6-pack for laundry fiends from Target.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Jessica Isaac)\\n\\n13\\\\. If you have empty wall space, hooks are a great way to create extra\\nstorage for coats, bags, or towels. Even if you don’t have room in your\\ncloset, you can always add hooks to your walls or on the back of your door.\\nCommand hooks are always a good idea, but don’t forget to check out\\nAnthropologie and Schoolhouse Electric for more stylish but equally functional\\nhooks.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Esteban Cortez)\\n\\n14\\\\. Treat your closet like a small room, not a throwaway space. Pay attention\\nto lighting, wall color, and floor coverings, and you’ll be more inclined to\\nkeep it looking tidy.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Aimée Mazzenga)\\n\\n15\\\\. Make more room in your closet by storing out-of-season clothes in boxes\\nup high or, even better, out of sight under the bed. Storage beds are small-\\nspace saviors, but you can make do with smart under bed storage, like this $10\\nstorage bag from Amazon.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Diana Paulson)\\n\\n16\\\\. Color coding your wardrobe is a small habit that makes finding things\\neasier. Another method is sorting your clothes by weight or sleeve length—for\\nexample, keep all the short-sleeved t-shirts and long-sleeved sweaters\\nseparated.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Esteban Cortez)\\n\\n17\\\\. Invest in your closet by using good-looking storage solutions. They don’t\\nhave to be expensive, just uniform and fitting in with your personal style. It\\ncould be something as simple as sticking with one pattern (like these canvas\\nquilted bins), or a more elaborate closet system.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Lauren Kolyn)\\n\\n18\\\\. For something totally different, a rolling cart can be pulled in or out\\nof the closet and used for clothing or miscellaneous storage. IKEA’s RÅSKOG\\ncart started this trend (you can truly use it anywhere in your home), but\\nthere are plenty of similar models out there if the RÅSKOG isn’t quite right.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Melissa DiRenzo)\\n\\n19\\\\. Suitcases taking up too much space? Take advantage of bulky luggage and\\nuse them to store out-of-season linens, blankets, or sweaters. You can store\\nthem in your closet, under the bed—or utilize them elsewhere as decor.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Carolyn Purnell)\\n\\n20\\\\. Try repurposing standard storage pieces. Taryn and Sanford used a trunk\\nto store clothing in their closet, with a cushion on top for seating (and then\\nbaskets on top of that for even more storage).\\n\\nThis post was originally published on February 19, 2008, and was last updated\\non April 22, 2019.\\n\\nSavePin It See More Images\\n\\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\\n\\nSarah Coffey\\n\\nContributor\\n\\nSaveComments\\n\\nFollow us\\n\\nApartment Therapy is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment\\nTherapy, Kitchn, and Cubby.\\n\\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\\nit!\\n\\nApartment Therapy is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161015225714/http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Vintage trunks are exquisite pieces that serve both as wonderful decorative accents and as useful storage containers. They can be included anywhere in a décor as long as you know how to integrate them in a room and how make them a great focal point. There are lots of ingenious and creative ways for using a vintage trunk. We have selected a few ideas and we hope they will inspire you to redecorate your home and make them a part of it.\",\n \"In the bedroom, a trunk can be placed at the end of the bed where it would serve as a great place to store blankets, pillows and other similar items. In this case, it matches the headboard and also follows the same color palette as the rest of the décor.\",\n \"A vintage trunk can also be sued as a coffee table in the living room. It would be an exquisite accent piece and, since it’s usually placed in the center of the room, it would also be a great focal point for the décor.\",\n \"This is another example for using a vintage trunk as a coffee table. It complements nicely the sofa and the rug. In this case it brings together the sofa and the additional chairs and it forms a cozy and inviting lounge area, a stylish relaxation corner.\",\n \"In the previous examples, the trunk featured similar colors and textures as the rest of the room décor. But here we see that it can also be used to create interesting contrasts. A beautiful, dark-stained trunk would really stand out in a bright décor with pastel, pale colors.\",\n \"A vintage trunk would integrate wonderfully in a décor that also features a similar style. In this case we have a more traditional look and the coffee table which is actually a vintage trunk matches the furniture and adds a little extra charm to the living room.\",\n \"Here’s another example of a bedroom that showcases a vintage trunk. In this room we can see that the rustic furniture boost darker tones and it stands out against the white walls. The contrast is strong, both in terms of color and style.\",\n \"A vintage trunk repurposed as a coffee table would look beautiful in a living room if there is also a fireplace there. It sets a cozy and warm mood and the atmosphere becomes inviting. In this particular example we can see that the décor is very well-balanced and that the trunk matches the storage cabinet.\",\n \"A beautiful trunk can also be used as a nightstand if it has the right dimensions and shape. Place in the bedroom near the bed and you have an original nightstand. Add a couple of vintage decorative pillows on the bed and you have a cozy bedroom with unique details.\",\n \"A vintage trunk may even be used in a kid’s or teenager’s bedroom. It would give it a unique charm and it may even be redecorated. You could paint something on it or you If you find a beautiful vintage trunk you can even use it a purely decorative piece. It doesn’t have to be repurposed as a bedside table, coffee table, nightstand or anything else. Just use it as a place to display a few decorations and place on the hallway or somewhere where everyone can see it and admire it.\",\n \"Even a smaller, square-shaped trunk can be used as a coffee table. Use it in a smaller area such as a family room or lounge area. It would be a nice addition if the room has other, more massive pieces of furniture.\",\n \"In a small home where you have an open plan where the dining and living area are not that well defined, a vintage trunk turned into a coffee table can be a great room divider. It adds style and it’s also useful as a coffee table, maybe set in front of a small sofa.\",\n \"If you have a bedroom with twin beds, then you can use two beautiful vintage trunks. Place each one at the end of each bed and create symmetry. If you also add some more vintage pieces such as vintage armchair in a corner or some beautiful vintage lampshades, then the décor is indeed amazing.\",\n \"Even a modern or contemporary living room can benefit from a stylish vintage trunk. In this example we see that the décor is mostly white. The walls and ceilings are white and so is the furniture. The wooden floors, the traditional rug and the vintage coffee table trunk create a very beautiful and elegant focal point.\",\n \"She may not be very fond of people, finding them annoying most of the time, but she still enjoys helping them from the shadows. Her attention to detail drives others crazy yet remains her most appreciated characteristic.\",\n \"Cookies help us deliver our services. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Learn More Got It!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor\\n\\n# Home Decorating Trends – Homedit\\n\\nHome Decorating Trends – Homedit\\n\\n * Best Of\\n * Apartments\\n * Architecture\\n * Bathroom\\n * DIY\\n * Furniture\\n * Kitchen\\n * Office\\n * Ideas\\n * Lighting\\n * Living\\n * How To\\n * Videos\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n * Home\\n * Interiors\\n\\nShare\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Google+\\n * Stumble\\n\\n## 13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor\\n\\nVintage trunks are exquisite pieces that serve both as wonderful decorative\\naccents and as useful storage containers. They can be included anywhere in a\\ndécor as long as you know how to integrate them in a room and how make them a\\ngreat focal point. There are lots of ingenious and creative ways for using a\\nvintage trunk. We have selected a few ideas and we hope they will inspire you\\nto redecorate your home and make them a part of it.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nIn the bedroom, a trunk can be placed at the end of the bed where it would\\nserve as a great place to store blankets, pillows and other similar items. In\\nthis case, it matches the headboard and also follows the same color palette as\\nthe rest of the décor.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nA vintage trunk can also be sued as a coffee table in the living room. It\\nwould be an exquisite accent piece and, since it’s usually placed in the\\ncenter of the room, it would also be a great focal point for the décor.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nThis is another example for using a vintage trunk as a coffee table. It\\ncomplements nicely the sofa and the rug. In this case it brings together the\\nsofa and the additional chairs and it forms a cozy and inviting lounge area, a\\nstylish relaxation corner.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nIn the previous examples, the trunk featured similar colors and textures as\\nthe rest of the room décor. But here we see that it can also be used to create\\ninteresting contrasts. A beautiful, dark-stained trunk would really stand out\\nin a bright décor with pastel, pale colors.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nA vintage trunk would integrate wonderfully in a décor that also features a\\nsimilar style. In this case we have a more traditional look and the coffee\\ntable which is actually a vintage trunk matches the furniture and adds a\\nlittle extra charm to the living room.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nHere’s another example of a bedroom that showcases a vintage trunk. In this\\nroom we can see that the rustic furniture boost darker tones and it stands out\\nagainst the white walls. The contrast is strong, both in terms of color and\\nstyle.\\n\\n##### MoreINSPIRATION\\n\\n * 5 Different Ways To Use Trunks Around the House\\n * 13 Creative Repurposing Ideas For A Beautiful Décor Created On A Budget\\n * Cowhide rugs and a few ways of using them in your interior décor\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nA vintage trunk repurposed as a coffee table would look beautiful in a living\\nroom if there is also a fireplace there. It sets a cozy and warm mood and the\\natmosphere becomes inviting. In this particular example we can see that the\\ndécor is very well-balanced and that the trunk matches the storage cabinet.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nA beautiful trunk can also be used as a nightstand if it has the right\\ndimensions and shape. Place in the bedroom near the bed and you have an\\noriginal nightstand. Add a couple of vintage decorative pillows on the bed and\\nyou have a cozy bedroom with unique details.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nA vintage trunk may even be used in a kid’s or teenager’s bedroom. It would\\ngive it a unique charm and it may even be redecorated. You could paint\\nsomething on it or you If you find a beautiful vintage trunk you can even use\\nit a purely decorative piece. It doesn’t have to be repurposed as a bedside\\ntable, coffee table, nightstand or anything else. Just use it as a place to\\ndisplay a few decorations and place on the hallway or somewhere where everyone\\ncan see it and admire it.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nEven a smaller, square-shaped trunk can be used as a coffee table. Use it in a\\nsmaller area such as a family room or lounge area. It would be a nice addition\\nif the room has other, more massive pieces of furniture.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nIn a small home where you have an open plan where the dining and living area\\nare not that well defined, a vintage trunk turned into a coffee table can be a\\ngreat room divider. It adds style and it’s also useful as a coffee table,\\nmaybe set in front of a small sofa.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nIf you have a bedroom with twin beds, then you can use two beautiful vintage\\ntrunks. Place each one at the end of each bed and create symmetry. If you also\\nadd some more vintage pieces such as vintage armchair in a corner or some\\nbeautiful vintage lampshades, then the décor is indeed amazing.\\n\\nView in gallery\\n\\nEven a modern or contemporary living room can benefit from a stylish vintage\\ntrunk. In this example we see that the décor is mostly white. The walls and\\nceilings are white and so is the furniture. The wooden floors, the traditional\\nrug and the vintage coffee table trunk create a very beautiful and elegant\\nfocal point.\\n\\nPicture sources:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 and 13}.\\n\\n### Share this post\\n\\nAdd to Flipboard Magazine. Pin It Tweet\\n\\nPosted in Interiors on September 10, 2012\\n\\n### About the author\\n\\n#### Simona Ganea\\n\\nShe may not be very fond of people, finding them annoying most of the time,\\nbut she still enjoys helping them from the shadows. Her attention to detail\\ndrives others crazy yet remains her most appreciated characteristic.\\n\\n### YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE\\n\\n * #### 5 Different Ways To Use Trunks Around the House\\n\\n * #### 13 Creative Repurposing Ideas For A Beautiful Décor Created On A Budget\\n\\n * #### Cowhide rugs and a few ways of using them in your interior décor\\n\\n * #### Chic and inviting retro interior décor\\n\\n * #### 16 Creative Design And Décor Ideas For Limited Spaces\\n\\n * #### Mid-century Modern Fleetwood Cocktail Table\\n\\n * #### Ideas for a balanced interior décor with pink accents\\n\\n * #### 10 unusual headboard ideas for an original bedroom interior décor\\n\\n * #### Get Sorted! Creative Storage Ideas that Use Space More Effectively\\n\\n### FROM OUR NETWORK\\n\\n### WHAT DO YOU GUYS THINK?\\n\\n### Love Homedit? Follow us\\n\\n * 911k\\n * 5k\\n * 279k\\n * 9k\\n * 15k\\n\\n### Halloween & Fall Ideas\\n\\n#### DIY Halloween Chalkboard Tombstone\\n\\n#### 16 DIY Yard Decorations for The Scariest House Award\\n\\n#### Conjure up a Dramatic Halloween Table Setting\\n\\n### Most popular\\n\\n* #### Gabion Walls – What They Are And How To Use Them In Your Landscape\\n\\n#### Top 20 DIY Kitchen Backsplash Ideas\\n\\n#### Contemporary vs. Modern Style: What’s the Difference?\\n\\n#### 20 Trendy Living Rooms You Can Recreate at Home!\\n\\n#### 30 Christmas Tree Decoration Ideas for 2011\\n\\n### Best of / Featured\\n\\n#### 10 Straw-bale homes – an eco-friendly alternative to explore\\n\\n#### 50 Best Interior Design And Architecture Events of 2014\\n\\n#### An In-Depth Guide To Polished Concrete Floors\\n\\n#### 20 Aerial Views Of Some Of The Most Amazing Maldives Resorts\\n\\nSEE MORE POSTS IN THIS CATEGORY\\n\\n### Love Homedit? Follow us\\n\\n * 911k\\n * 5k\\n * 279k\\n * 9k\\n * 15k\\n\\n### A four-bedroom penthouse with amazing skylights is now on sale\\n\\nReal Estate\\n\\n### The Makeup Table\\n\\nFurniture\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n### Homedit\\n\\n * ABOUT\\n * CONTACT\\n\\n### NEWSLETTER\\n\\n### FOLLOW US\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Google+\\n * RSS\\n\\n### Search\\n\\nCopyright © 2008-2016 - All Rights Reserved Privacy Policy\\n\\nCookies help us deliver our services. By using our services, you agree to our\\nuse of cookies. Learn More Got It!\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://homeguides.sfgate.com/arrange-room-bedroom-set-small-space-32166.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418154857/https://homeguides.sfgate.com/arrange-room-bedroom-set-small-space-32166.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you're stuck with a small bedroom, it may seem like there's just not enough space for all of your furniture. Since a bed is a must-have item -- and is usually on the large side -- it takes up the bulk of the space in room and you're left scrambling to find a spot for the other pieces in your bedroom set. There are ways to arrange your bedroom furniture so you can comfortably move around the space and fit all the necessary pieces -- it just requires some careful planning.\",\n \"In a bedroom, the bed should always take center stage, and there are usually several ways to place a bed so it becomes the focal point of the room. However, in a small master bedroom, your options are usually limited because you have to leave enough room on either side of the bed to get in and out of it comfortably. Placing your bed in the center of the room's most visible wall is usually the best arrangement. The most visible wall is usually opposite the door, but the wall that runs perpendicular to the door on the left side may be a better option depending on the size of your bedroom. If the room is large enough, you can place small nightstands on either side of the bed and a dresser on the wall opposite the foot of the bed.\",\n \"When you're arranging furniture in a bedroom for a child or teen, you may be dealing with a twin bed instead of a double. Since the bed is slimmer, you have more options when placing it in the room. Centering it on the most visible wall as you would with a larger bed is an effective option, but it may not be the best use of space in a small room. Instead, try placing your twin bed in a corner of the room so the head of the bed and its side are up against perpendicular walls. This type of arrangement frees up the center of the room to make the space feel larger and leaves two entire walls -- and most of a third -- free for other furniture like a dresser, desk or bookcase.\",\n \"When your bedroom is small, large storage pieces can take up valuable floor space that could be used for other items or left open to give the room a more spacious feel. Instead of keeping a large armoire, tall chest of drawers or wide dresser in your actual bedroom, place it in your closet where it is out of the way. You may need to rearrange your closet to accommodate the large furniture item, but this type of layout can actually make it easier to get ready in the morning since all of your clothing is in one spot.\",\n \"When you're dealing with an extremely small bedroom, you may only have one arrangement option that fits in the space – and there still may not be enough room for your bed and other furniture items that you need. If that's the case, look for furniture that can do double-duty so you can maximize the space that is available. A headboard that features storage like bookshelves or cubbyholes may make bedside tables unnecessary. A bench for the foot of your bed can include storage under the seat so you may not need a larger dresser or armoire. You may even want to consider a futon or sofa bed instead of a traditional bed in a studio or one-bedroom apartment, so your bedroom can double as a living room.\",\n \"Based in New York City, Jennifer Blair has been covering all things home and garden since 2001. Her writing has appeared on BobVila.com, World Lifestyle, and House Logic. Blair holds a Bachelor of Arts in Writing Seminars from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space | Home Guides | SF Gate\\n\\n * ## NEWS\\n\\n * ## SPORTS\\n\\n * ## LOCAL\\n\\n * ## CULTURE\\n\\n * ## COMMUTING\\n\\n * ## FOOD + DRINK\\n\\n * ## TRAVEL\\n\\n * ## REAL ESTATE\\n\\n * ## OBITS\\n\\n * ## COUPONS\\n\\n# How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space\\n\\n * Home Guides\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Home\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Home Improvement\\n\\n|\\n\\n * DIY\\n\\nBy Jennifer Blair Updated December 19, 2018\\n\\n#### Related Articles\\n\\n * How to Arrange a Room With Sliding Doors\\n * Designer Tips on Placing a Bed in a Corner\\n * How to Design a Room Around an Oversized Couch\\n * How to Arrange a Bedroom With Carpeting, a Bed & a Couch\\n * How to Make Room for Triplets\\n\\nIf you're stuck with a small bedroom, it may seem like there's just not enough\\nspace for all of your furniture. Since a bed is a must-have item -- and is\\nusually on the large side -- it takes up the bulk of the space in room and\\nyou're left scrambling to find a spot for the other pieces in your bedroom\\nset. There are ways to arrange your bedroom furniture so you can comfortably\\nmove around the space and fit all the necessary pieces -- it just requires\\nsome careful planning.\\n\\n## Place a Double Bed in Center of Wall\\n\\nIn a bedroom, the bed should always take center stage, and there are usually\\nseveral ways to place a bed so it becomes the focal point of the room.\\nHowever, in a small master bedroom, your options are usually limited because\\nyou have to leave enough room on either side of the bed to get in and out of\\nit comfortably. Placing your bed in the center of the room's most visible wall\\nis usually the best arrangement. The most visible wall is usually opposite the\\ndoor, but the wall that runs perpendicular to the door on the left side may be\\na better option depending on the size of your bedroom. If the room is large\\nenough, you can place small nightstands on either side of the bed and a\\ndresser on the wall opposite the foot of the bed.\\n\\n## Place Twin Bed in Corner\\n\\nWhen you're arranging furniture in a bedroom for a child or teen, you may be\\ndealing with a twin bed instead of a double. Since the bed is slimmer, you\\nhave more options when placing it in the room. Centering it on the most\\nvisible wall as you would with a larger bed is an effective option, but it may\\nnot be the best use of space in a small room. Instead, try placing your twin\\nbed in a corner of the room so the head of the bed and its side are up against\\nperpendicular walls. This type of arrangement frees up the center of the room\\nto make the space feel larger and leaves two entire walls -- and most of a\\nthird -- free for other furniture like a dresser, desk or bookcase.\\n\\n## Place Storage Furniture in Closet\\n\\nWhen your bedroom is small, large storage pieces can take up valuable floor\\nspace that could be used for other items or left open to give the room a more\\nspacious feel. Instead of keeping a large armoire, tall chest of drawers or\\nwide dresser in your actual bedroom, place it in your closet where it is out\\nof the way. You may need to rearrange your closet to accommodate the large\\nfurniture item, but this type of layout can actually make it easier to get\\nready in the morning since all of your clothing is in one spot.\\n\\n## Use Multipurpose Pieces\\n\\nWhen you're dealing with an extremely small bedroom, you may only have one\\narrangement option that fits in the space – and there still may not be enough\\nroom for your bed and other furniture items that you need. If that's the case,\\nlook for furniture that can do double-duty so you can maximize the space that\\nis available. A headboard that features storage like bookshelves or cubbyholes\\nmay make bedside tables unnecessary. A bench for the foot of your bed can\\ninclude storage under the seat so you may not need a larger dresser or\\narmoire. You may even want to consider a futon or sofa bed instead of a\\ntraditional bed in a studio or one-bedroom apartment, so your bedroom can\\ndouble as a living room.\\n\\nWriter Bio\\n\\nBased in New York City, Jennifer Blair has been covering all things home and\\ngarden since 2001. Her writing has appeared on BobVila.com, World Lifestyle,\\nand House Logic. Blair holds a Bachelor of Arts in Writing Seminars from the\\nJohns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.\\n\\n### Related Articles\\n\\n## How to Rearrange Your Small & Square Teen Bedroom\\n\\n## How to Organize a Home Office With Three Desks\\n\\n## How to Arrange a Toddler's Bedroom\\n\\n## How to Place a Bed in a Corner of the Room\\n\\n## How to Design Using a Mattress on the Floor\\n\\n## Tips on Making a Small Kids Room Bigger for Two\\n\\n## How to Rearrange a Small Family Room\\n\\n## How to Set Up Your Loft\\n\\n## How to Decorate a Teen's Small Room Around a Double Bed\\n\\n## How to Arrange a Room With Sliding Doors\\n\\n## Designer Tips on Placing a Bed in a Corner\\n\\n## How to Design a Room Around an Oversized Couch\\n\\n#### Most Popular\\n\\n * 1 How to Rearrange Your Small & Square Teen Bedroom\\n * 2 How to Organize a Home Office With Three Desks\\n * 3 How to Arrange a Toddler's Bedroom\\n * 4 How to Place a Bed in a Corner of the Room\\n\\nLogo Return to Top\\n\\n### About\\n\\n * Privacy Notice\\n * Your California Privacy Rights\\n * Interest Based Ads\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Our Company\\n * The Press: Guide to Wine Country\\n * Green State: Cannabis Culture\\n * Careers\\n * Advertising\\n\\n### Contact\\n\\n * Customer Service\\n * Newsroom Contacts\\n\\n### Connect\\n\\n * Sign up for Email Alerts\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Instagram\\n\\n### CCPA\\n\\n * Do Not Sell My Info\\n\\n### QuickLinks\\n\\n * Real Estate\\n * Cars\\n * Jobs\\n * SF Marketplace\\n * Recruitment\\n * Home Services\\n * Obituaries\\n * Horoscopes\\n * Comics\\n * Dear Abby\\n * Weather\\n * Home\\n * Movies\\n * TV\\n * Earthquakes\\n * Wildfires\\n * Public Notice\\n * MBA by the Bay\\n\\nHearst Newspapers © Copyright 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":367,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1557017,"string":"1,557,017"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Use Acupressure Points for Foot Pain"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"The best way to use acupressure points for foot pain depends on what part of your foot hurts. To treat heel pain, use the pressing and reducing techniques to manipulate the Kidney Meridian points and the Bladder Meridian points. If the pain is in your ankle, manipulate the Illuminated Sea and Qiuxu points. Also, manipulate the High Mountains and Calm Sea points to relieve ankle pain."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20201202091217/https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210417151111/https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210226073808/https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20170711174324/https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php","http://web.archive.org/web/20180922174306/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41","http://web.archive.org/web/20161130203737/http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract","http://web.archive.org/web/20210515180415/http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20180919143322/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles","http://web.archive.org/web/20200119214718/http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201202091217/https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417151111/https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210226073808/https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170711174324/https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180922174306/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161130203737/http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515180415/http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180919143322/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200119214718/http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":749,"string":"749"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201202091217/https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Liver Yin deficiency","passages":["Liver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we deplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.","Liver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we deplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.","This syndrome is one of a number of syndromes recognised in Chinese medicine relating to the Liver. The Liver, as in Western medicine, is of major importance in Chinese medicine but it has additional, very different roles.","In Chinese medicine the Liver is an Energy Organ, or zang, that deals with making sure that Qi – energy – moves smoothly; not just in your body, but in your emotions. You may think the liver has little to do with your emotions, but even in the West we recognise what is meant by someone who is described as liverish.","If you can imagine someone who has been liverish for a long time, with either loss of blood or a history of considerable and excessive exertion you might begin to approach what the Chinese mean by this syndrome.","The actual symptoms you can read about below: they aren’t that uncommon and many people get them to a small extent from time to time.","They become stronger as you grow older, and can lead to other Liver syndromes, such as Liver Qi Stagnation or Liver Yang.","Liver Yin deficiency symptoms are rather like those of Liver Blood deficiency. This makes little difference if you’re new to all this, but it does matter if you’re the acupuncturist treating it.","Note – don’t confuse these Liver Yin Deficiency with the symptoms of fever or infection, a mistake doctors sometimes make, the result being that they prescribe antibiotics, which eventually make your condition worse.","Appearance: you may get slightly flushed cheeks, commonly in the afternoon or evening. If so, this shows signs of your deficiency of Yin allowing (Yang) ‘empty‘ heat to develop.","Your tongue: red with little or no coating (if any, it is white or sometimes a little yellow). Your tongue body may have fissures.","Big emotional problems, including sadness or grieving can also drain Liver Yin, firstly by causing Liver Qi stagnation, then perhaps by causing Liver Fire which drains Liver Yin","In women, childbirth can be a cause, more so if it was very draining, took too long, or you had many tiring pregnancies close together","Of course, there are other causes. Any large emotional trauma can affect any or all of the organ energies (eg Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidney etc). Such trauma will dissipate their patency. Which symptoms this leads to depends on underlying susceptibilities.","Technically, what your acupuncturist will do is nourish your Kidney Yin or your Kidney Yang, your Liver Yin and Liver Blood. There are acupuncture treatments for this, and a whole raft of other ways that your acupuncturist will probably suggest.","Like what? Well, you could start by studying the many thousands of texts written over at least 2000 years by Chinese medicine scholars, doctors and mystics, most of whom sooner or later became obsessed with the matter.","Trapped in static yin lockdown? How to reduce yin and use yang to alleviate misery! It’s your choice and your opportunity!","High blood pressure – hypertension: understand it with yin and yang to get the right treatment. Excess yang or deficient yin?","As source point Spleen 3 strengthens your Spleen so enhances your digestion, energy and Blood and helps to clear or disperse Damp.","Gallbladder 34, yanglingquan clears Damp-Heat and soothes and steadies the tendons. Great for many kinds of arthritis and aching wandering pains.","Spleen 9, yinlingquan, is a major point for conditions caused by Damp, so helps urinary problems, ascites, oedema and general swelling.","If you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can improve your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.","If you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can improve your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.","www.acupuncture-points.org is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to products on Amazon.com. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates."]},"parsed_md":"Liver Yin deficiency - Acupuncture Points\n\nMenu\n\nLiver Energy, Syndromes, Theory, Yin and Yang, Zangfu\n\n# Liver Yin deficiency\n\nLiver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we\ndeplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\n\nJonathan Clogstoun-Willmott\n\n * October 15, 2019\n\nPhoto by Megan te Boekhorst on Unsplash\n\n * Discover Liver Yin deficiency symptoms – many women get them\n * The causes of Liver Yin deficiency\n * Overwork is often a cause\n * Tired restlessness is a common symptom\n\nLiver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we\ndeplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\n\nBy then of course, we’ve developed wisdom, so it doesn’t matter, though it can\nbe a hard exchange.\n\nThis syndrome is one of a number of syndromes recognised in Chinese medicine\nrelating to the Liver. The Liver, as in Western medicine, is of major\nimportance in Chinese medicine but it has additional, very different roles.\n\nRead more about the Liver functions here.\n\nIn Chinese medicine the Liver is an Energy Organ, or zang, that deals with\nmaking sure that Qi – energy – moves smoothly; not just in your body, but in\nyour emotions. You may think the liver has little to do with your emotions,\nbut even in the West we recognise what is meant by someone who is described as\nliverish.\n\n‘Liverish’ includes physical symptoms but also mental and emotional symptoms\nthat often accompany them.\n\nIf you can imagine someone who has been liverish for a long time, with either\nloss of blood or a history of considerable and excessive exertion you might\nbegin to approach what the Chinese mean by this syndrome.\n\nThe actual symptoms you can read about below: they aren’t that uncommon and\nmany people get them to a small extent from time to time.\n\nThey become stronger as you grow older, and can lead to other Liver syndromes,\nsuch as Liver Qi Stagnation or Liver Yang.\n\nIt share some signs common to all Yin deficient syndromes.\n\nImage by Hawksky from Pixabay\n\n## What are Liver Yin Deficiency Symptoms?\n\nLiver Yin deficiency symptoms are rather like those of Liver Blood deficiency.\nThis makes little difference if you’re new to all this, but it does matter if\nyou’re the acupuncturist treating it.\n\nYou may not have all of the following symptoms – just some of them, some of\nthe time.\n\nNote – don’t confuse these Liver Yin Deficiency with the symptoms of fever or\ninfection, a mistake doctors sometimes make, the result being that they\nprescribe antibiotics, which eventually make your condition worse.\n\n## So what are the symptoms?\n\n * Dry eyes, mouth and throat\n * Heat sensations in palms and soles\n * Dull inter-costal pain\n * Nails are dry and without lustre\n * Impatience\n * Constipation with dry stools\n * Urine is dark and may be scanty\n * Low grade fever worse later in the day or evening\n * Restlessness\n * Insomnia (often after waking around 3am)\n * Fatigue\n * Night sweats\n * Aversion to Heat\n\n * Shallow Breathing, dyspnoea, sighing, taking deep breaths\n * Thirst and prefers cool drinks, but not too much\n * Urine dark\n * Constipation and dry stools\n * Pain relieved by cool air or cool applications\n * Pain also better for pressure or firm touch\n\nYour movements: restless, but you weaken quickly.\n\nSpeech: quiet but talkative, and you easily run out of ‘puff’.\n\nYour mood: agitated, anxious, depressed, passive, excitable. You needs\nreassurance.\n\nAppearance: you may get slightly flushed cheeks, commonly in the afternoon or\nevening. If so, this shows signs of your deficiency of Yin allowing (Yang)\n‘empty‘ heat to develop.\n\nYour tongue: red with little or no coating (if any, it is white or sometimes a\nlittle yellow). Your tongue body may have fissures.\n\nYour pulse: wiry and fine, or wiry, fine, and rapid (technical terms of\ninterest to acupuncturists).\n\nLiver Yin deficiency Video\n\nBook here\n\n## How do you get this – what’s its Aetiology?\n\nThe usual causes of Liver Yin Deficiency are:\n\n * Excessive exercise or physical exertion (what’s excessive for one person may be normal for another)\n * Long-term Liver Blood deficiency eg from heavy menses\n * A succession of high fevers that have drained you\n * Big emotional problems, including sadness or grieving can also drain Liver Yin, firstly by causing Liver Qi stagnation, then perhaps by causing Liver Fire which drains Liver Yin\n * In women (more than in men, it seems), overworking\n * In women, childbirth can be a cause, more so if it was very draining, took too long, or you had many tiring pregnancies close together\n * ‘Jing and Kidney deficiency’ leading to Liver Yin deficiency.\n\n### Jing and Kidney deficiency can arise from a number of different reasons\nincluding\n\n * chronic illness,\n * old age,\n * overwork,\n * hereditary causes,\n * long-standing or extreme fear, and\n * excess sexual activity.\n * In other words, overuse of available resources.\n\nOf course, there are other causes. Any large emotional trauma can affect any\nor all of the organ energies (eg Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidney etc). Such trauma\nwill dissipate their patency. Which symptoms this leads to depends on\nunderlying susceptibilities.\n\nStay in Touch!\n\nNo spam, only notifications about new articles and updates.\n\nThe latest books\n\nMaster Ancient Ways to Deal with Stress.\n\nThe Ancient Way to Deal with Burnout and Exhaustion.\n\nBook a Consultation\n\nBook Consultation\n\nBook a Video consultation if you want to know more about your symptoms\n\nBook here\n\n## Treatment\n\nTechnically, what your acupuncturist will do is nourish your Kidney Yin or\nyour Kidney Yang, your Liver Yin and Liver Blood. There are acupuncture\ntreatments for this, and a whole raft of other ways that your acupuncturist\nwill probably suggest.\n\n### Other Ways?\n\nLike what? Well, you could start by studying the many thousands of texts\nwritten over at least 2000 years by Chinese medicine scholars, doctors and\nmystics, most of whom sooner or later became obsessed with the matter.\n\nAs you will, too, when you grow a little older, if not already.\n\nFew of us like to grow old (at least physically) and Kidney deficiency comes\nwith growing old.\n\nKidney deficiency leads to Liver Yin deficiency.\n\nOf course, Chinese Medicine including Acupuncture has solutions, partial if\nnothing else, as you would expect.\n\nSome of them you can do yourself and for others you need treatment.\n\nThe things you do yourself must become part of your daily pattern.\n\nThey aren’t things which you do once and that’s it.\n\nWe’re writing a page on this and will link to it when it’s ready.\n\nOther Liver syndromes\n\n * Liver Functions in general including Liver Qi Stagnation\n * Liver Blood Deficiency\n * Liver Blood Stasis\n * Liver Channel Cold Stagnation\n * Liver Damp Heat\n * Liver Fire\n * Liver Wind\n * Liver Yang rising\n * Liver Yin deficiency – this page\n\nBook here\n\nCheck my collection of books:\n\nStress from Qi Stagnation – Signs of Stress\n\nYang Deficiency – Get Your Fire Burning\n\nYin Deficiency – Burnout and Exhaustion: What to Do!\n\nYuck! Phlegm! How to Clear Your Phlegm\n\n * Tags: Top, Yin\n\n * Categories: Liver Energy, Syndromes, Theory, Yin and Yang, Zangfu\n\n## Related Articles\n\nBlood\n\n### Oketsu and TCM – Chinese medicine\n\nOketsu, from Japanese acupuncture, describes problems from portal vein\ncongestion and blood stagnation that need urgent treatment.\n\nRead More »\n\nEducation\n\n### Lockdown, Yin and Yang Covid Rules\n\nTrapped in static yin lockdown? How to reduce yin and use yang to alleviate\nmisery! It’s your choice and your opportunity!\n\nRead More »\n\n8 Principles\n\n### High Blood Pressure – Hypertension\n\nHigh blood pressure – hypertension: understand it with yin and yang to get the\nright treatment. Excess yang or deficient yin?\n\nRead More »\n\nPoints and Channels\n\n### Spleen 3 – Taibai – Supreme White\n\nAs source point Spleen 3 strengthens your Spleen so enhances your digestion,\nenergy and Blood and helps to clear or disperse Damp.\n\nRead More »\n\nGallbladder channel\n\n### Gallbladder 34 – Yanglingquan – Yang Mound Spring\n\nGallbladder 34, yanglingquan clears Damp-Heat and soothes and steadies the\ntendons. Great for many kinds of arthritis and aching wandering pains.\n\nRead More »\n\n### Spleen 9 – Yinlingquan – Yin Mound Spring\n\nSpleen 9, yinlingquan, is a major point for conditions caused by Damp, so\nhelps urinary problems, ascites, oedema and general swelling.\n\nRead More »\n\n## Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nSubscribe to the Newsletter\n\nIf you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can\nimprove your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\n\nSubscribe to the Newsletter\n\nIf you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can\nimprove your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\n\nBLOG\n\n * Theory\n * Nutrition and Food\n * Energy\n * Points and Channels\n * Yin and Yang\n\nGet Started\n\n * About Jonathan\n * Top Articles\n * Books\n * Video Consultation\n * Consultation in Clinic\n\nImportant\n\n * Testimonials\n * Data protection Policy\n * Our Privacy Policy\n * Patient Data Form\n * Disclaimer\n\nwww.acupuncture-points.org is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC\nAssociates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a\nmeans for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to\nproducts on Amazon.com. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of\nAmazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates.\n\n© 2020 All rights reserved\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417151111/https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/","parsed_text":{"title":"7 Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain Naturally","passages":["Pain in the foot can be caused due to a lot of strain on the feet, too much of sitting or standing, repetitive motions and fatigue. There are many different treatments that you can try to experience relief from these pains. One of the best methods to cure ankle and foot pain is the Chinese medicine-acupressure. The acupressure points will release endorphins which will help in reducing the pains. You can access these pressure points by yourself or you can ask a friend to help you. These pressure points will definitely help in relaxation of the foot muscles.","Mostly pressure on the feet will affect the ankles. Pain in the ankles is sometimes unbearable. To relieve the stress and pain in the feet and the ankles try these simple pressure point techniques.","This acupressure point will help to relieve ankle sprains, sciatic pain, swelling and other kinds of ankle joint problems. It can also relieve you from frustration, irritation and will help in making wise and good decisions. This acupressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle bone. It is in the large hollow beside the ankle bone. With the help of your index finger press this point, release after every 30 seconds. Press the point for 30 seconds and then apply more pressure for the next 30 seconds. Do this for 8 minutes. You need to breathe deeply while doing this.","This pressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle. It will help to relieve swollen ankles, stiffness around the ankle and other kinds of ankle pain. Place your thumbs 1cm away from the ankle. You need to apply pressure with both the thumbs on both the pressure points simultaneously. Do this for 2 minutes every day for better results.","This pressure point will help to relieve thigh pain, lower back pain, rheumatism in the foot joints, swollen feet and ankle pains. You need to place your thumb between the outer ankle bone and the Achilles tendon. Press this point for 5 minutes by releasing the pressure after 30 seconds. You will experience great relief by following this procedure at night every day. You can even try this twice or thrice every day to experience faster relief. Pressing this point with pressure will cause your muscles to relax. It will increase the blood flow in your feet. You need to repeat the same procedure with the other leg as well.","This point can be found in the indentation directly below the outer ankle bone. This hollow is a pressure point which will help to relieve insomnia, ankle pain, heel pain and other general foot pains. Hold this point with the help of your index finger and massage it in circular motions. You will experience relief from all the mentioned problems within a few weeks.","You will find this pressure point right in the middle of the wrist line. Place your thumb in the centre of your wrist and apply pressure continuously for two minutes. This point will help in the reduction of ankle pain and other kinds of ankle problems. You need to follow this procedure every day and make sure you don’t press this point too hard.","This pressure point is located on the upper side of the wrist; you will find a prominent bone on this side. It is shown as point B in the given picture. Press this point for 4 minutes. This point will help to reduce the pain on your feet and ankle.","This massage will help to reduce pain and swelling in the ankle. It will also help to boost the energy in your feet. Place your thumbs on the hollow under the ankle on the inner side. Press this hollow point continuously for 4 to 5 minutes. Thumb walk this area for another 2 minutes. This massage will stimulate all the pressure points in this area and it will relax your feet muscles to the maximum. You need to rub gently and find sore areas near your ankle. These sore areas need to be focused on more. This great massage will give you relief instantly.","Though feet and ankle pain is common it should not be neglected. If left untreated, this pain can increase and also weaken your bones. You need to take very good care of your feet as they carry your weight. In case you have severe or stinging pain in your feet get it checked by a Doctor. Do not try these acupressure points in case you have a fracture in the bone or rupture in the muscle.","You can also soak your feet in a warm tub of water. This will relax your feet muscles and maximize the effect of these points. Avoid straining your feet and staying in one particular posture for a long time. Take care of yourself and stay healthy.","Devi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil Nadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief advisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on all the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on. A holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic practices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of knowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She believes in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay calm and practice Reflexology.","Thanks for the above points. It will help me a lot if you have given it’s Chinese name and/or its meridian number. More power to you.","a picture along with the point would help...it’s not clear (especially first one) which point you’re talking about. Or please give the point number","Hi Bipasha, Could you guide me to treat the testrone count and the platelets count (spleen) and also bloated stomach. I have browsed through the Internet but none has elaborated on these things. Looking forward for a reply. Thanks Regards Nona"]},"parsed_md":"7 Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain Naturally\n\nTop Posts\n\nAcupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\n6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\n\n6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\n\n8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For...\n\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\n\nTop 8 Acupressure Points for Treating Acne Naturally...\n\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Sports Related Injury\n\n5 Helpful Acupressure Points for Postoperative Pain Relief\n\nEffective Acupuncture Therapy for Acute Ulcerative Colitis Disease\n\nHow Acupuncture is Helpful in Treating Nocturnal Enuresis...\n\nHome Acupressure Points 7 Most Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain\n\nAcupressure Points\n\n# 7 Most Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain\n\nby Devi Gajendran November 19, 2013\n\nwritten by Devi Gajendran November 19, 2013\n\nPain in the foot can be caused due to a lot of strain on the feet, too much of\nsitting or standing, repetitive motions and fatigue. There are many different\ntreatments that you can try to experience relief from these pains. One of the\nbest methods to cure ankle and foot pain is the Chinese medicine-acupressure.\nThe acupressure points will release endorphins which will help in reducing the\npains. You can access these pressure points by yourself or you can ask a\nfriend to help you. These pressure points will definitely help in relaxation\nof the foot muscles.\n\nMostly pressure on the feet will affect the ankles. Pain in the ankles is\nsometimes unbearable. To relieve the stress and pain in the feet and the\nankles try these simple pressure point techniques.\n\n#### Acupressure points (hollow)\n\nThis acupressure point will help to relieve ankle sprains, sciatic pain,\nswelling and other kinds of ankle joint problems. It can also relieve you from\nfrustration, irritation and will help in making wise and good decisions. This\nacupressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle bone. It is in\nthe large hollow beside the ankle bone. With the help of your index finger\npress this point, release after every 30 seconds. Press the point for 30\nseconds and then apply more pressure for the next 30 seconds. Do this for 8\nminutes. You need to breathe deeply while doing this.\n\n#### Illuminated Sea\n\nThis pressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle. It will help\nto relieve swollen ankles, stiffness around the ankle and other kinds of ankle\npain. Place your thumbs 1cm away from the ankle. You need to apply pressure\nwith both the thumbs on both the pressure points simultaneously. Do this for 2\nminutes every day for better results.\n\n#### High Mountains\n\nThis pressure point will help to relieve thigh pain, lower back pain,\nrheumatism in the foot joints, swollen feet and ankle pains. You need to place\nyour thumb between the outer ankle bone and the Achilles tendon. Press this\npoint for 5 minutes by releasing the pressure after 30 seconds. You will\nexperience great relief by following this procedure at night every day. You\ncan even try this twice or thrice every day to experience faster relief.\nPressing this point with pressure will cause your muscles to relax. It will\nincrease the blood flow in your feet. You need to repeat the same procedure\nwith the other leg as well.\n\n#### Calm Sleep\n\nThis point can be found in the indentation directly below the outer ankle\nbone. This hollow is a pressure point which will help to relieve insomnia,\nankle pain, heel pain and other general foot pains. Hold this point with the\nhelp of your index finger and massage it in circular motions. You will\nexperience relief from all the mentioned problems within a few weeks.\n\n#### Wrist Point\n\nYou will find this pressure point right in the middle of the wrist line. Place\nyour thumb in the centre of your wrist and apply pressure continuously for two\nminutes. This point will help in the reduction of ankle pain and other kinds\nof ankle problems. You need to follow this procedure every day and make sure\nyou don’t press this point too hard.\n\n#### Wrist Bone\n\nThis pressure point is located on the upper side of the wrist; you will find a\nprominent bone on this side. It is shown as point B in the given picture.\nPress this point for 4 minutes. This point will help to reduce the pain on\nyour feet and ankle.\n\n#### Ankle Massage\n\nThis massage will help to reduce pain and swelling in the ankle. It will also\nhelp to boost the energy in your feet. Place your thumbs on the hollow under\nthe ankle on the inner side. Press this hollow point continuously for 4 to 5\nminutes. Thumb walk this area for another 2 minutes. This massage will\nstimulate all the pressure points in this area and it will relax your feet\nmuscles to the maximum. You need to rub gently and find sore areas near your\nankle. These sore areas need to be focused on more. This great massage will\ngive you relief instantly.\n\nThough feet and ankle pain is common it should not be neglected. If left\nuntreated, this pain can increase and also weaken your bones. You need to take\nvery good care of your feet as they carry your weight. In case you have severe\nor stinging pain in your feet get it checked by a Doctor. Do not try these\nacupressure points in case you have a fracture in the bone or rupture in the\nmuscle.\n\nYou can also soak your feet in a warm tub of water. This will relax your feet\nmuscles and maximize the effect of these points. Avoid straining your feet and\nstaying in one particular posture for a long time. Take care of yourself and\nstay healthy.\n\n6 comments\n\n0\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterestEmail\n\n##### Devi Gajendran\n\nDevi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil\nNadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief\nadvisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on\nall the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on.\nA holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic\npractices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of\nknowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She\nbelieves in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay\ncalm and practice Reflexology.\n\nprevious post\n\n##### Reflexology Massages to Cure Skin Disorders – 5 Most Important Points\n\nnext post\n\n##### 8 Best Acupressure Points to Relieve Asthma\n\n#### You may also like\n\n### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\nMarch 31, 2021\n\n### Top 8 Acupressure Points for Treating Acne Naturally...\n\nAugust 18, 2019\n\n### 5 Helpful Acupressure Points for Postoperative Pain Relief\n\nJuly 20, 2019\n\n### Best Acupressure Points to Treat Pneumonia Symptoms\n\nJune 15, 2019\n\n### Effective Acupressure Points to Relieve Bronchitis\n\nJune 8, 2019\n\n### How to Stop Motion Sickness With Acupressure Points\n\nApril 16, 2019\n\n### 5 Acupressure Points To Get Relief from Scleroderma...\n\nMarch 27, 2019\n\n### 7 Acupressure Points for Reducing Gum Disease\n\nMarch 15, 2019\n\n### 7 Effective Acupressure Points for Curing Goiter Problem\n\nFebruary 18, 2019\n\n### 4 Acupressure Points to Treat Sciatica Pain –...\n\nFebruary 4, 2019\n\n#### 6 comments\n\nRose November 19, 2014 - 11:46 AM\n\nThanks for the above points. It will help me a lot if you have given it’s\nChinese name and/or its meridian number. More power to you.\n\nReply\n\nBipasha Mukherjee March 20, 2015 - 4:56 PM\n\nWe will try to provide the Chinese names as well.\n\nReply\n\nPurnima Singh November 21, 2014 - 9:24 AM\n\nI need cure for obsessive eating disorder\n\nReply\n\nRhiza May 25, 2015 - 8:05 AM\n\na picture along with the point would help...it’s not clear (especially first\none) which point you’re talking about. Or please give the point number\n\nReply\n\nD.SENTHIL KUMAR May 25, 2015 - 2:49 PM\n\nTHIS ACUPRESSURE POINTS IS VERY USEFUL FOR REDUCE MY BACK PAIN. THANK YOU FOR\nYOUR KIND SERVICE\n\nReply\n\nNona September 26, 2015 - 11:36 PM\n\nHi Bipasha, Could you guide me to treat the testrone count and the platelets\ncount (spleen) and also bloated stomach. I have browsed through the Internet\nbut none has elaborated on these things. Looking forward for a reply. Thanks\nRegards Nona\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel Reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * #### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\n * #### 6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\n\n * #### 6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\n\n * #### 8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For Tourette’s Syndrome (TS)\n\n * #### Effective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\n\n#### Connect with Modern Reflexology\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\n * 1\n\n#### 12 Potent Acupressure Points to Cure Vertigo, Dizziness, and Fainting\n\n * 2\n\n#### 10 Potent Acupressure Points to Treat Swelling, Water Retention, and\nEdema\n\n * 3\n\n#### 9 Best Acupressure Points to Treat Digestive Problems\n\n * 4\n\n#### 12 Effective Acupressure Points to Relieve Hip and Lower Back Pain\n\n * 5\n\n#### 4 Acupressure Points to Treat Sciatica Pain – Largest Nerve\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Random Posts\n\n * #### Reflexology Massages to Cure Skin Disorders – 5 Most Important Points\n\n * #### Benefits of Using Acupressure Mats for Natural Pain Relief – Reflexology\n\n * #### 8 Signs of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and 11 Benefits of Acupuncture Treatment\n\n#### Popular Posts – Reflexology\n\n * #### How to Get Relief from Nausea with Acupressure Points\n\n * #### Do Reflexology Massages Really Work? – Why Are They So Important?\n\n * #### The Difference Between the Treatment Approaches of Reflexology and Reiki\n\n#### you may also like\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * Pinterest\n\n * Home\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy – ModernReflexology\n\n@2021 - All Right Reserved.\n\nBack To Top\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210226073808/https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?","passages":["Mary McMahon Date: January 29, 2021It is believed that a reflexology massage to the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.","Acupressure and reflexology are both bodywork techniques which involve applying pressure to specific points on the body for the purpose of addressing health complaints, but these techniques are radically different. Acupressure involves the whole body, and it has thousands of years of tradition in Asia behind it, while reflexology involves primarily the feet, and it was developed in the 20th century.","Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.","Acupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). While practitioners in the West may offer acupressure independently as a form of therapeutic bodywork, traditionally in Asia it is offered as part of an array of options, combined with prescriptions for herbs and consultations about diet and lifestyle. Practitioners of acupressure believe that by targeting specific points on the body, they are encouraging the flow of chi, or life force; since health conditions are supposed to be caused by an imbalance of chi, acupressure is used to correct that imbalance to make the patient feel better.","Reflexology is believed to date back to ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphics reveal that medical practitioners worked on hands and feet of patients as a treatment. Modern reflexology was first used by Dr. William Fitzgerald, Dr.Shelby Riley and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham in the early 1900s. Dr. William Fitzgerald realized through his practice as an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist that applying pressure on specific zones and points reduced pain and helped treat underlying conditions. Dr. Shelby Riley expanded on this work and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham developed the theory that reflex points on the feet correlate to specific organs of the body. Modern practitioners of reflexology apply these findings in manipulation of the feet, and to a lesser degree, the hands and ears, to improve health.","From the point of view of the client, acupressure and reflexology may appear very similar. However, from the point of view of the practitioner, the techniques are quite different. Both are rooted in Asian tradition. However, reflexology practitioners tap into the flow of chi by manipulating the feet whereas in reflexology, pressure points are believed to improve the function of specific organs. In addition, practitioners generally work on these techniques exclusively and the pressure points in reflexology are different from those used in acupressure.","For clients who are interested in exploring non-invasive forms of bodywork, reflexology can sometimes be a good way to start. It is very relaxing, and it doesn't involve contact in any areas of the body which might feel awkward, such as the stomach. If clients like reflexology, they can also experiment with acupressure, which covers the whole body; if acupressure is performed by a TCM practitioner, the client will also receive a clinical consultation along with recommendations for herbs and other treatments to address underlying health problems. Both techniques are generally suited for all although pregnant women should consult with their doctor before undergoing either treatment.","Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.","Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.","Reflexology dates back over 5000 years to Egypt, Thailand and India. Dr. William Fitzgerald began using Reflexology for anaesthetic purposes in 1910, and then Eunice Ingham (the mother of Reflexology) introduced it to the western medical community in 1970. Reflexology also involves the whole body by practicing on the reflex points on the feet, hands, face and ears. If you are interested in Reflexology, talk to a reflexology practitioner for more information.","I have suffered from migraines for years and tried about every medications and alternative treatment out there. Reflexology was my last attempt. I really didn't know if it was all hype, or if it would actually work, but it did. I have fewer migraines now, and when I do get one, it doesn't last as long.","My family doctor told me it was fine to continue with the reflexology as long as long as it helps.","How strange. I actually prefer acupressure treatments over reflexology treatments. The reflexology pressure points don't really do it for me. I mean, it's an awesome foot or hand massage, but it doesn't have any long-lasting effects for me.","On the other hand, an hour-long acupressure session feels great and afterwards I don't have any pain in my left elbow, my problem area, for weeks and weeks. I guess some of us take better to reflexology than acupressure and vice versa.","Me too! I have had hand reflexology services performed at least a dozen times for my migraine headache problem. Recently, I decided to have whole-body acupressure treatments instead. Well, I have to say that I felt really relaxed throughout the treatment, but when it was over the effects of it started to fade immediately.","I suffered from fibromyalgia for almost 7 years so I have had several reflexology and acupressure treatments. The pressure points are completely different and the techniques can vary widely according to the practitioner.","While they were both beneficial to my condition, I found that reflexology had the greater impact on my health. As weird as this may sound, I found that if a smaller area of my body was manipulated a larger area of my body found more, longer-lasting pain relief.","Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.","Acupressure and acupuncture use the concept of a meridian to locate and treat issues throughout the body, while reflexology focuses only on the feet."]},"parsed_md":"What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?\n\nClear answers for common questions\n\n# What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?\n\n###### Join the Community\n\nFollow @wiseGEEK\n\nMary McMahon Last Modified Date: January 29, 2021\n\nMary McMahon Date: January 29, 2021It is believed that a reflexology massage\nto the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.\n\nAcupressure and reflexology are both bodywork techniques which involve\napplying pressure to specific points on the body for the purpose of addressing\nhealth complaints, but these techniques are radically different. Acupressure\ninvolves the whole body, and it has thousands of years of tradition in Asia\nbehind it, while reflexology involves primarily the feet, and it was developed\nin the 20th century.\n\nAcupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line\nthat runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\n\nAcupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).\nWhile practitioners in the West may offer acupressure independently as a form\nof therapeutic bodywork, traditionally in Asia it is offered as part of an\narray of options, combined with prescriptions for herbs and consultations\nabout diet and lifestyle. Practitioners of acupressure believe that by\ntargeting specific points on the body, they are encouraging the flow of chi,\nor life force; since health conditions are supposed to be caused by an\nimbalance of chi, acupressure is used to correct that imbalance to make the\npatient feel better.\n\nReflexology is considered a non-invasive form of bodywork.\n\nReflexology is believed to date back to ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphics reveal\nthat medical practitioners worked on hands and feet of patients as a\ntreatment. Modern reflexology was first used by Dr. William Fitzgerald,\nDr.Shelby Riley and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham in the early 1900s. Dr. William\nFitzgerald realized through his practice as an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist\nthat applying pressure on specific zones and points reduced pain and helped\ntreat underlying conditions. Dr. Shelby Riley expanded on this work and Dr.\nEunice D. Ingham developed the theory that reflex points on the feet correlate\nto specific organs of the body. Modern practitioners of reflexology apply\nthese findings in manipulation of the feet, and to a lesser degree, the hands\nand ears, to improve health.\n\nIs Amazon actually giving you the best price? This little known plugin reveals\nthe answer.\n\nReflexology can be used to treat migraines.\n\nFrom the point of view of the client, acupressure and reflexology may appear\nvery similar. However, from the point of view of the practitioner, the\ntechniques are quite different. Both are rooted in Asian tradition. However,\nreflexology practitioners tap into the flow of chi by manipulating the feet\nwhereas in reflexology, pressure points are believed to improve the function\nof specific organs. In addition, practitioners generally work on these\ntechniques exclusively and the pressure points in reflexology are different\nfrom those used in acupressure.\n\nAcupressure is similar to acupuncture but uses no needles.\n\nFor clients who are interested in exploring non-invasive forms of bodywork,\nreflexology can sometimes be a good way to start. It is very relaxing, and it\ndoesn't involve contact in any areas of the body which might feel awkward,\nsuch as the stomach. If clients like reflexology, they can also experiment\nwith acupressure, which covers the whole body; if acupressure is performed by\na TCM practitioner, the client will also receive a clinical consultation along\nwith recommendations for herbs and other treatments to address underlying\nhealth problems. Both techniques are generally suited for all although\npregnant women should consult with their doctor before undergoing either\ntreatment.\n\nMary McMahon\n\nEver since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has\nembraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer.\nMary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time\nreading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\n\nMary McMahon\n\nEver since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has\nembraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer.\nMary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time\nreading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\n\n## You might also Like\n\n## Recommended\n\n## Readers Also Love\n\n## Related wiseGEEK Articles\n\n * What Are the Benefits of Acupressure for Feet?\n * What is Zone Therapy?\n * What is Jin Shin Jyutsu?\n * What is Tapas Acupressure Technique?\n\n## Discussion Comments\n\nanon995844 June 1, 2016\n\nReflexology dates back over 5000 years to Egypt, Thailand and India. Dr.\nWilliam Fitzgerald began using Reflexology for anaesthetic purposes in 1910,\nand then Eunice Ingham (the mother of Reflexology) introduced it to the\nwestern medical community in 1970. Reflexology also involves the whole body by\npracticing on the reflex points on the feet, hands, face and ears. If you are\ninterested in Reflexology, talk to a reflexology practitioner for more\ninformation.\n\nQuirkyMango October 31, 2014\n\nI have suffered from migraines for years and tried about every medications and\nalternative treatment out there. Reflexology was my last attempt. I really\ndidn't know if it was all hype, or if it would actually work, but it did. I\nhave fewer migraines now, and when I do get one, it doesn't last as long.\n\nMy family doctor told me it was fine to continue with the reflexology as long\nas long as it helps.\n\nBouncingKiwi October 30, 2014\n\nHow strange. I actually prefer acupressure treatments over reflexology\ntreatments. The reflexology pressure points don't really do it for me. I mean,\nit's an awesome foot or hand massage, but it doesn't have any long-lasting\neffects for me.\n\nOn the other hand, an hour-long acupressure session feels great and afterwards\nI don't have any pain in my left elbow, my problem area, for weeks and weeks.\nI guess some of us take better to reflexology than acupressure and vice versa.\n\nRobottom October 29, 2014\n\nMe too! I have had hand reflexology services performed at least a dozen times\nfor my migraine headache problem. Recently, I decided to have whole-body\nacupressure treatments instead. Well, I have to say that I felt really relaxed\nthroughout the treatment, but when it was over the effects of it started to\nfade immediately.\n\nShaneGang October 29, 2014\n\nI suffered from fibromyalgia for almost 7 years so I have had several\nreflexology and acupressure treatments. The pressure points are completely\ndifferent and the techniques can vary widely according to the practitioner.\n\nWhile they were both beneficial to my condition, I found that reflexology had\nthe greater impact on my health. As weird as this may sound, I found that if a\nsmaller area of my body was manipulated a larger area of my body found more,\nlonger-lasting pain relief.\n\n###### Post your comments\n\n📦Amazon Doesn't Want You to Know About This Plugin\n\nLearn about a little known plugin that tells you if you're getting the best\nprice on Amazon.\n\n04\n\nMinutes\n\n00\n\nSeconds\n\n * It is believed that a reflexology massage to the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.\n * Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\n * Reflexology is considered a non-invasive form of bodywork.\n * Reflexology can be used to treat migraines.\n * Acupressure is similar to acupuncture but uses no needles.\n * Pressure points may be found on the hands and can correspond to different organs.\n * Acupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine.\n * Acupressure and acupuncture use the concept of a meridian to locate and treat issues throughout the body, while reflexology focuses only on the feet.\n\nClear answers for common questions\n\nCopyright 2003 - 2021 Conjecture Corporation\n\nFollow @wiseGEEK\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170711174324/https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php","parsed_text":{"title":"How to apply acupressure","passages":["Acupressure (sometimes written as \"accupressure\") is a technique related to acupuncture, where the energies of the body are regulated by manipulating points on the body. This has effects on the emotions, tension and physical conditions.","There are two ways that acupressure points are manipulated: pressing (reinforcing) and reducing them. Most are probably familiar with the first, but not with the second method.","To press points, use something blunt. Usually the fingers are used to press, but I find that for many points the fingers may be a bit too thick, so you'd have to press quite long and firmly. Ideal would be something 3 to 4 mm thick, like a (preferably used) pencil eraser that's on the other side of a pencil. Some points can be pressed using a fingernail.","Pressing points for less than half a second can already have a distinguishable effect. So for just trying out a point you could press it only briefly. To get a full effect however, pressure should be applied for at least half a minute, but preferably longer. One to two minutes should do.","To reduce a point, turn a finger over it in counter-clockwise direction, also for one to two minutes. (What happens when you do this is explained in \"What manipulation of points brings about.\") Clicking on the picture of points that need to be reduced displays a video showing how this is performed (clicking again stops the video).","I think it's a good idea not to get into the habit of doing the same points every day. Do them when you feel you need them, don't overdo it. Pay attention to what effects points have on you.","If you're weakened (from age, disease or whatever), be sure to not reduce points more often then necessary. You could also additionally press these points for a few seconds.","You may not be pressing on the exact right spot (acupuncture points are about 0.5 mm diameter, so you'll have to be precise). Try different spots around the location you first tried.","You shouldn't press lightly, but you shouldn't hurt yourself either. Also, don't press for just a few seconds (although if you're very sensitive you might already notice effects then).","To feel if acupressure is working (for knowing that the location of the point is accurate), I usually sense what's happening in my face. Almost all points in the list on this site have some effect here. Many of the points also have some subtle effect on the quality of vision. You may see more clearly and more colors. Meditation will develop your ability to feel the effects.","If you're using a point quite often, or if you don't need a point, the effect may become very little or unnoticeable.","If you're tense, you may not feel much, although usually you'll become less tense by using the techniques on this site.","To be able to use information from other sources for locating points, you'll need to know what the \"cun\" is.","The \"cun\" is the standard unit of measurement for the body used in acupuncture. As everyone's body has different dimensions, it is defined according to the person whose body is to be treated.","1 cun = width of the thumb, in the middle, at the crease 3 cun = combined breadth of the 4 fingers, at the level of the pinky finger's first joint above the palm of the hand 12 cun = the distance from the elbow crease to the wrist crease.","Acupuncture points can be manipulated in various ways. To keep things simple, acupressure books usually just mention pressing the points.","If you've ever seen an acupuncturist you may have noticed that he will turn needles after inserting them or do other manipulations. Acupuncturists also apply heat by burning stuff called \"moxa\" or using a laser, or apply electric currents.","By simply pressing a point, you are reinforcing it. You, thereby, increase energy in areas that the point influences. Reducing a point is actually not the opposite of reinforcing it. By reducing, you remove a blockage of energy. A blockage may be felt as tension, pain or heat. Energy accumulates there, which starts moving again after removing the blockage. So if you reduce a point after you reinforced it, you get reinforcement and removal of energy blockage. They don't cancel each other out.","In acupressure, you can reduce a point by continually moving a finger counterclockwise over it. An acupuncturist will turn his needle immediately after insertion.","It's also possible to apply heat to a point to warm it. This is an advanced technique that may injure your energy system, so it's best to stay away from this.","As for using needles, I've tried that, but have been discouraged to continue using them by both an acupuncturist and a healer. The acupuncturist thought it was dangerous because you can damage tissue, and difficult as you can't access points that well yourself. You may damage blood vessels, nerves, tendons or bone, which can all be quite painful. On the breast or shoulders, you may puncture the lung.","On an energetic level, the fear that comes with using needles on yourself may damage the First Chakra. This may worsen your problems.","I found that I feel more clearly what's happening in my body from acupressure than from acupuncture, whether administered by a licensed acupuncturist or by myself.","I devised a safe and effective way to press acupuncture points for an extended period of time. I use adhesive tape for use on skin to press ball-bearing balls on points. It doesn't work with all points (e.g. it does not work well for ST-36, the point beneath the knees) but for many it's quite good.","The metal balls I use are 4 mm diameter and I apply nylon rings (also bought at a hardware store) on top of them to supply a larger surface to the tape. The inside diameter of the nylon rings should be 3 mm. Perhaps you could also use the more common metal rings, but for some indefinite reason I prefer the nylon variety. The rings avoid bulging and thus press the ball a bit deeper into the skin."]},"parsed_md":"How to apply acupressure\n\n≡ Menu\n\nChakras\n\nAcupressure\n\nExercises\n\nEnneagram\n\nI Ching\n\nEgo\n\nAcupressure\n\n#### Acupressure\n\nHow to Index All points\n\n#### Background Info\n\nEmotions\n\nde nl\n\n#### Elsewhere\n\nBooks Links\n\n#### Buy\n\nBuy all articles in one file\n\nWritten by © Ewald Berkers\n\n# How to apply acupressure\n\n * What is acupressure?\n\n * Acupressure techniques: Pressing and reducing points\n * Feeling if it works\n * Using information from other sources (\"cun\")\n * What manipulation of points brings about\n * Why you shouldn't use needles\n * Using little balls and tape\n\n## What is acupressure?\n\nAcupressure (sometimes written as \"accupressure\") is a technique related to\nacupuncture, where the energies of the body are regulated by manipulating\npoints on the body. This has effects on the emotions, tension and physical\nconditions.\n\nThe points are commonly called \"acupuncture points,\" \"pressure points,\"\n\"acupoints\" or \"acupressure points.\"\n\n## Acupressure techniques: Pressing and reducing points\n\nThere are two ways that acupressure points are manipulated: pressing\n(reinforcing) and reducing them. Most are probably familiar with the first,\nbut not with the second method.\n\nTo press points, use something blunt. Usually the fingers are used to press,\nbut I find that for many points the fingers may be a bit too thick, so you'd\nhave to press quite long and firmly. Ideal would be something 3 to 4 mm thick,\nlike a (preferably used) pencil eraser that's on the other side of a pencil.\nSome points can be pressed using a fingernail.\n\nPressing points for less than half a second can already have a distinguishable\neffect. So for just trying out a point you could press it only briefly. To get\na full effect however, pressure should be applied for at least half a minute,\nbut preferably longer. One to two minutes should do.\n\nTo reduce a point, turn a finger over it in counter-clockwise direction, also\nfor one to two minutes. (What happens when you do this is explained in \"What\nmanipulation of points brings about.\") Clicking on the picture of points that\nneed to be reduced displays a video showing how this is performed (clicking\nagain stops the video).\n\nI think it's a good idea not to get into the habit of doing the same points\nevery day. Do them when you feel you need them, don't overdo it. Pay attention\nto what effects points have on you.\n\nIf you're weakened (from age, disease or whatever), be sure to not reduce\npoints more often then necessary. You could also additionally press these\npoints for a few seconds.\n\nDo a point on both sides of the body.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Feeling if it works\n\nWhen you are not feeling any effects from pressing points, several things may\nbe the case.\n\nYou may not be pressing on the exact right spot (acupuncture points are about\n0.5 mm diameter, so you'll have to be precise). Try different spots around the\nlocation you first tried.\n\nYou shouldn't press lightly, but you shouldn't hurt yourself either. Also,\ndon't press for just a few seconds (although if you're very sensitive you\nmight already notice effects then).\n\nTo feel if acupressure is working (for knowing that the location of the point\nis accurate), I usually sense what's happening in my face. Almost all points\nin the list on this site have some effect here. Many of the points also have\nsome subtle effect on the quality of vision. You may see more clearly and more\ncolors. Meditation will develop your ability to feel the effects.\n\nIf you're using a point quite often, or if you don't need a point, the effect\nmay become very little or unnoticeable.\n\nIf you're tense, you may not feel much, although usually you'll become less\ntense by using the techniques on this site.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Using information from other sources (\"cun\")\n\nTo be able to use information from other sources for locating points, you'll\nneed to know what the \"cun\" is.\n\nThe \"cun\" is the standard unit of measurement for the body used in\nacupuncture. As everyone's body has different dimensions, it is defined\naccording to the person whose body is to be treated.\n\n1 cun = width of the thumb, in the middle, at the crease 3 cun = combined\nbreadth of the 4 fingers, at the level of the pinky finger's first joint above\nthe palm of the hand 12 cun = the distance from the elbow crease to the wrist\ncrease.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## What manipulation of points brings about\n\nAcupuncture points can be manipulated in various ways. To keep things simple,\nacupressure books usually just mention pressing the points.\n\nIf you've ever seen an acupuncturist you may have noticed that he will turn\nneedles after inserting them or do other manipulations. Acupuncturists also\napply heat by burning stuff called \"moxa\" or using a laser, or apply electric\ncurrents.\n\nBy simply pressing a point, you are reinforcing it. You, thereby, increase\nenergy in areas that the point influences. Reducing a point is actually not\nthe opposite of reinforcing it. By reducing, you remove a blockage of energy.\nA blockage may be felt as tension, pain or heat. Energy accumulates there,\nwhich starts moving again after removing the blockage. So if you reduce a\npoint after you reinforced it, you get reinforcement and removal of energy\nblockage. They don't cancel each other out.\n\nIn acupressure, you can reduce a point by continually moving a finger\ncounterclockwise over it. An acupuncturist will turn his needle immediately\nafter insertion.\n\nIt's also possible to apply heat to a point to warm it. This is an advanced\ntechnique that may injure your energy system, so it's best to stay away from\nthis.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Why you shouldn't use needles\n\nAs for using needles, I've tried that, but have been discouraged to continue\nusing them by both an acupuncturist and a healer. The acupuncturist thought it\nwas dangerous because you can damage tissue, and difficult as you can't access\npoints that well yourself. You may damage blood vessels, nerves, tendons or\nbone, which can all be quite painful. On the breast or shoulders, you may\npuncture the lung.\n\nOn an energetic level, the fear that comes with using needles on yourself may\ndamage the First Chakra. This may worsen your problems.\n\nUsing needles as an amateur may not even be legal.\n\nI found that I feel more clearly what's happening in my body from acupressure\nthan from acupuncture, whether administered by a licensed acupuncturist or by\nmyself.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Using little balls and tape\n\nI devised a safe and effective way to press acupuncture points for an extended\nperiod of time. I use adhesive tape for use on skin to press ball-bearing\nballs on points. It doesn't work with all points (e.g. it does not work well\nfor ST-36, the point beneath the knees) but for many it's quite good.\n\nThe metal balls I use are 4 mm diameter and I apply nylon rings (also bought\nat a hardware store) on top of them to supply a larger surface to the tape.\nThe inside diameter of the nylon rings should be 3 mm. Perhaps you could also\nuse the more common metal rings, but for some indefinite reason I prefer the\nnylon variety. The rings avoid bulging and thus press the ball a bit deeper\ninto the skin.\n\nKeeping the balls in place for 5 - 30 minutes should do.\n\nA similar method is sometimes used for ear acupuncture. Little seeds are then\ntaped to the ear.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n#### You might also be interested in these books about acupressure at Amazon\n\nAcupressure's Potent Points, by Michael Reed Gach A Guide to Self-Care for\nCommon Ailments\n\nInstructions on how to treat common disorders with acupressure. \n \n--- \n \nAcupressure for Emotional Healing, by Michael Reed Gach & Beth Ann Henning A\nSelf-Care Guide for Trauma, Stress, & Common Emotional Imbalances\n\nAcupressure points for emotional ailments, combined with breathing exercises,\nstretches and movement routines. \n \nThe EFT Manual, by Gary Craig Emotional Freedom Techniques\n\nHow to use an acupressure technique of tapping to deal with emotional\nproblems. \n \nThe Joy of Feeling, by Iona Marsaa Teeguarden Bodymind Acupressure\n\nJin Shin Do acupressure helps unblock emotions, making it safe to feel. \n \nSee longer book descriptions\n\nHome | About Disclaimer | Privacy | Advertisements | Feedback | Contact\n\nCopyright Ewald Berkers 2003 - 2017\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180922174306/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41","parsed_text":{"title":"Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41","passages":["Acupressure relieves pain relaxes muscular tension, and balances the vital life forces of the body using a system of trigger points. Discover how to pressure two acupressure points on the top of the feet which stimulate the release of neuro-chemicals called endorphins.","The mechanism of endorphins is similar to morphine; both mitigate pain and encourage relaxation. However, endorphins are manufactured naturally by the body to promote healing. Acupressure points Lv 3 and GB 41 stimulates this pain relief mechanism, enabling the body to produce its own natural painkillers.","Bigger Rushing (Lv 3) is located on the top of the foot, in the groove between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones. Above Tears (GB 41) is also on the top of the foot, in the groove between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones.","To press these pain relief Acupressure points on top of your foot, press gradually in between the bones until it hurts good. Hold firmly and steadily for 2 minutes as you breathe deeply to relieve foot, leg, hip pain and cramping.","For more Pain Relief Acupressure Points and Tips download e-chapters in a painful area you need to relieve by going to: http://acupressure.com/books/Pain_Relief_E-Chapters.htm","How to get your acupressure books and cds at Mumbai India. There r lot of fans of acupressure in India. Please do something for easy availability and training. Thanks and God Bless. Naresh Dewan","* michael on December 19, 2013 at 4:28 am said:\nTo get Acupressure Materials to India, or anywhere else in the world – I suggest that you order our e-products so you have it fairly instantly without any expensive shipping. Here’s the link to get to all of our e-products:"]},"parsed_md":"Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41 | Acupressure Points\n\n↓\n\n# Acupressure Points\n\n## Michael Reed Gach - World Expert on Acupressure Therapy\n\n * Blog\n * About\n * Contact\n * Self-Care A-Z\n * Online Trainings\n\n# Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41\n\nAcupressure relieves pain relaxes muscular tension, and balances the vital\nlife forces of the body using a system of trigger points. Discover how to\npressure two acupressure points on the top of the feet which stimulate the\nrelease of neuro-chemicals called endorphins.\n\nThe mechanism of endorphins is similar to morphine; both mitigate pain and\nencourage relaxation. However, endorphins are manufactured naturally by the\nbody to promote healing. Acupressure points Lv 3 and GB 41 stimulates this\npain relief mechanism, enabling the body to produce its own natural\npainkillers.\n\nBigger Rushing (Lv 3) is located on the top of the foot, in the groove between\nthe 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones. Above Tears (GB 41) is also on the top of\nthe foot, in the groove between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones.\n\nTo press these pain relief Acupressure points on top of your foot, press\ngradually in between the bones until it hurts good. Hold firmly and steadily\nfor 2 minutes as you breathe deeply to relieve foot, leg, hip pain and\ncramping.\n\nFor more Pain Relief Acupressure Points and Tips download e-chapters in a\npainful area you need to relieve by going to:\nhttp://acupressure.com/books/Pain_Relief_E-Chapters.htm\n\nShare\n\n### Comments\n\n#### Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41 — 3 Comments\n\n 1. charlie on December 18, 2013 at 11:11 pm said:\n\nthank you for this info. would like to take your course but cant afford it.\nthank you\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Naresh Dewan on December 19, 2013 at 3:43 am said:\n\nHow to get your acupressure books and cds at Mumbai India. There r lot of fans\nof acupressure in India. Please do something for easy availability and\ntraining. Thanks and God Bless. Naresh Dewan\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on December 19, 2013 at 4:28 am said:\n\nTo get Acupressure Materials to India, or anywhere else in the world – I\nsuggest that you order our e-products so you have it fairly instantly without\nany expensive shipping. Here’s the link to get to all of our e-products:\n\nhttp://acupressure.com/e-products.htm\n\nJust click on the underlined links. Then the products you want click on the\nyellow button “Add to Cart”\n\nWith healing wishes,\n\nMichael Reed Gach, Ph.D. Healing Resources & Self-Care Books, Charts, CDs,\nDVDs https://www.Acupressure.com\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHome Acupressure Articles E-Products Online Trainings Audio Pain Relief\nBooklets Books Charts DVD’s Flashcards Home Study Discounted Packages New\nProducts Ways to Use Acupressure Acu–Yoga Lovers Acupressure Body Tools Orders\n& Returns Wholesale About the Author\n\n### Quick Index Links:\n\n * Acu-Yoga (2)\n * Acupressure Community (14)\n * Acupressure for Beginners (8)\n * Acupressure for Children (2)\n * Acupressure for Lovers (4)\n * Acupressure Massage (3)\n * Acupressure Points (43)\n * ADD (4)\n * ADHD and Dyslexia (4)\n * Allergies & Hayfever (4)\n * Ankle Pain & Sprains (4)\n * Anxiety & Panic Relief (3)\n * Back Pain & Sciatica (12)\n * Breathing / Chest congestion (5)\n * Chronic Fatigue/Fibromyalgia (14)\n * Colds & Flu (3)\n * Detox & Decongestion (2)\n * Ears (6)\n * Elimination (1)\n * Emotional Healing (14)\n * Eyes (4)\n * Foot Cramps & Cold Feet (2)\n * Headaches & Mental Health (15)\n * Hormones & Glands (3)\n * Humor & Laughter (1)\n * Immune Boosting (3)\n * Jaw Pain & TMJ (1)\n * Knee Pain (4)\n * Learning Disorders (3)\n * Memory & Concentration (6)\n * Metabolism & Appetite (6)\n * Michael's Life Experiences (7)\n * Muscle Stiffness & Pain (2)\n * Nausea & Upset Stomach (2)\n * Nose & Throat (4)\n * Pain Relief (22)\n * Sciatica (4)\n * Self-Care Techniques (16)\n * Sexual or Urinary Problems (3)\n * Sinuses & Congestion (1)\n * Sleep Disorders (4)\n * Spiritual Healing (8)\n * Stress Management (26)\n\n * Diet (2)\n * Exercise & Lifestyle (5)\n * Uncategorized (3)\n * Vertigo, Dizziness, Lightheaded (3)\n * Weight Loss (3)\n * Wellness & Long Life (19)\n * Zen Shiatsu (3)\n\n©2015 Michael Gach Ph.D.\n\n↑\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161130203737/http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract","parsed_text":{"title":"Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu and Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine","passages":["Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu and Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine","Eighteen patients attending an orthopaedic outpatient clinic with a year or more's history of heel pain due to plantar fasciitis were studied. All had had conservative treatment of physiotherapy and shoe-support without significant pain relief before acupuncture was offered, and thus acted as their own controls for the purposes of the study. The following traditional points were needled: Taixi (KI.3), Kunlun (BL.60) and Sanyinjiao (SP.6). Pain was assessed by a 100mm visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment was started and after four, weekly sessions of acupuncture treatment. If complete pain relief was not obtained by the initial four-week treatment, a further two, weekly sessions of the above mentioned acupoints, with the addition of trigger point acupuncture in the gastro-soleus and plantar fascia, was carried out and pain assessed.","Patients were also assessed with a verbal rating score to indicate the percentage improvement after acupuncture compared to before treatment. The mean duration of heel pain was 25.11 months (SD 10.68). The VAS data obtained at 4 and 6 weeks of acupuncture treatment showed a statistically highly significant improvement compared to the VAS before acupuncture (p < 0.0009 and p < 0.0001 respectively). Using the Mann-Whitney test, there was a statistically significant difference in VAS obtained at 6 weeks, after trigger point acupuncture had been added for poor responders, compared to that obtained after the first 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment (p < 0.047). Our study demonstrates that acupuncture is effective in treating patients with chronic heel pain due to plantar fasciitis and that the addition of trigger point acupuncture in poor or non-responders may be useful.","This recent issue is free to all users to allow everyone the opportunity to see the full scope and typical content of AIM. View free sample issue >>","Don't forget to sign up for content alerts so you keep up to date with all the articles as they are published.","About the journal : About the journal | Editorial board | Instructions for authors | Open Access | Thank you to our reviewers | Most read articles"]},"parsed_md":"Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu\nand Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine\n\nAdvanced search\n\nThis peer-reviewed, international journal presents a scientific approach to\nacupuncture\n\n * Online First\n * Current issue\n * Archive\n * About the journal\n * Submit a paper\n * Subscribe\n * Jobs\n * Help\n\n * Online First\n * Current issue\n * Archive\n * eLetters\n * RSS\n * Topic collections\n\n * Home\n * > Volume 16, Issue 2\n * > Article\n\nAcupunct Med 1998;16:66-68 doi:10.1136/aim.16.2.66\n\n * Contents\n\n# Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis\n\n 1. A Tillu1,\n 2. S Gupta2\n\n 1. ^1 Department of Orthopaedics, Bedford South Wing Hospital\n 2. ^2 Department of Anaesthetics, Bedford South Wing Hospital\n\n 1. Department of Orthopaedics, Bedford South Wing Hospital, Kempston Road, Bedford MK42 9DJ (UK)\n\n## Summary\n\nEighteen patients attending an orthopaedic outpatient clinic with a year or\nmore's history of heel pain due to plantar fasciitis were studied. All had had\nconservative treatment of physiotherapy and shoe-support without significant\npain relief before acupuncture was offered, and thus acted as their own\ncontrols for the purposes of the study. The following traditional points were\nneedled: Taixi (KI.3), Kunlun (BL.60) and Sanyinjiao (SP.6). Pain was assessed\nby a 100mm visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment was started and after\nfour, weekly sessions of acupuncture treatment. If complete pain relief was\nnot obtained by the initial four-week treatment, a further two, weekly\nsessions of the above mentioned acupoints, with the addition of trigger point\nacupuncture in the gastro-soleus and plantar fascia, was carried out and pain\nassessed.\n\nPatients were also assessed with a verbal rating score to indicate the\npercentage improvement after acupuncture compared to before treatment. The\nmean duration of heel pain was 25.11 months (SD 10.68). The VAS data obtained\nat 4 and 6 weeks of acupuncture treatment showed a statistically highly\nsignificant improvement compared to the VAS before acupuncture (p < 0.0009 and\np < 0.0001 respectively). Using the Mann-Whitney test, there was a\nstatistically significant difference in VAS obtained at 6 weeks, after trigger\npoint acupuncture had been added for poor responders, compared to that\nobtained after the first 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment (p < 0.047). Our\nstudy demonstrates that acupuncture is effective in treating patients with\nchronic heel pain due to plantar fasciitis and that the addition of trigger\npoint acupuncture in poor or non-responders may be useful.\n\n * CiteULike\n * Delicious\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n * Google+\n * Mendeley\n * Reddit\n * Twitter\n\nWhat's this?\n\n### This Article\n\n 1. Abstract\n 2. PDF\n\n#### Services\n\n 1. Email this link to a friend\n 2. Alert me when this article is cited\n 3. Alert me if a correction is posted\n 4. Alert me when eletters are published\n 5. Article Usage Statistics\n 6. Similar articles in this journal\n 7. Similar articles in Web of Science\n 8. Add article to my folders\n 9. Download to citation manager\n 10. Request permissions\n 11. Add to portfolio\n\n#### Responses\n\n 1. Submit a response\n 2. No responses published\n\n#### Citing articles\n\n 1. Load citing article information\n 2. Citing articles via Web of Science\n 3. Citing articles via Scopus\n 4. Citing articles via Google Scholar\n\n#### Google Scholar\n\n 1. Articles by Tillu, A.\n 2. Articles by Gupta, S.\n 3. Search for related content\n\n#### PubMed\n\n 1. Articles by Tillu, A.\n 2. Articles by Gupta, S.\n\n#### Related Content\n\n 1. Load related web page information\n\n#### Social bookmarking\n\n 1. * CiteULike\n * Delicious\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n * Google+\n * Mendeley\n * Reddit\n * Twitter\n\nWhat's this?\n\n * Current\n * Most read\n * Online first\n\n### Free Sample\n\nThis recent issue is free to all users to allow everyone the opportunity to\nsee the full scope and typical content of AIM. View free sample issue >>\n\nDon't forget to sign up for content alerts so you keep up to date with all the\narticles as they are published.\n\nGroup acupuncture for knee pain: evaluation of a cost-saving initiative in the\nhealth service\n\n### Navigate This Article\n\n * Top\n * Summary\n\n * Current issue : Current issue\n * Archive : Current issue | Archive | eLetters | RSS\n * About the journal : About the journal | Editorial board | Instructions for authors | Open Access | Thank you to our reviewers | Most read articles\n * Submit a paper : Online submission site | Instructions for authors | Open Access | Track your article\n * Subscribe : Subscribe to the journal | Prices | Email alerts\n * Help : Contact us | Feedback form | Reprints | Permissions | Advertising\n\nSubscribe here Activate your subscription\n\nLogin via OpenAthens\n\nLogin via your home organisation\n\nRecommend to your Institution\n\nemail alerts\n\n Register to receive email alerts\n\n * twitter\n * face- book\n * Pod- casts\n * Blog\n * Library recom- mend\n\nImpact Factor: 1.592\n\nOnline ISSN 1759-9873\n\n * Contact us\n * Website terms & conditions\n * Revenue sources\n * Privacy and Cookies\n * Home\n * Top\n\nCopyright © 2016 British Medical Acupuncture Society.\n\n京ICP备15042040号-3\n\nBMJ\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515180415/http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Acupressure Points","passages":["Lung channel Letting Go (Lu 1) In the valley between the shoulder joint and the chest, 2 finger widths bellow the collarbone. Great Abyss (Lu 9) In the groove at the wrist fold below the base of the thumb. Fish Border (Lu 10) On the palm side of the hand in the center of the pad at the base of the thumb.","Large Intestine Channel Joining the Valley (LI 4) In the webbing between the thumb and index finger, at the highest spot of the muscle that protrudes when the thumb and index finger are brought close together.","Welcoming Perfume (LI 20) On eithercheek, just outside each nostril at the level of the inferior edge of the nose, in the nasa- basilar groove","Stomach channel Four Whites (St 2) One finger width below the lower ridge of the eye socket in line with the center of the pupil. Facial Beauty (St 3 ) At the bottom of the cheekbone, directly below the pupil Jaw Chariot (St 6) Between the upper and lower jaw on the masseter muscle that bulges when the back teeth are clenched. Breast Window (St 16) Directly above the breast tissue between the third and fourth ribs. Breast Root (St 18) One rib space under the nipples. Calf's Nose (St 35) Just below the kneecap in the outer indentation. Three Mile Point (St 36) Four finger widths below the kneecap, one finger width to the outside of the leg.","Spleen channel Grandfather Grandson (Sp 4) On the arch of the foot, one thumb width in back of the ball of the foot.","Sea of blood (Sp 10) 3 finger widths above outside of kneecap. Rushing Door (Sp 12) and Mansion Cottage (Sp 13) Both these points are in the pelvic area where the leg joins the body. Abdominal sorrow (Sp 16) Below the edge of the rib cage one finger width in from the nipple line.","Heart channel Spirit Gate (Ht 7) On the little finger side of the forearm at the crease of the wrist.","Small Intestine channel Heavenly Appearance (SI 17) In the indentation directly below the earlobe and behind the jawbone. Listening Place (SI 19) Directly in front of the ear opening in a depression which will deepen when the jaw is open.","Bladder channel Eyes Bright (Bl 1) In the hollow at the inner corner of the eye just above the tear duct. Drilling Bamboo (Bl 2) In the indentations ousted of the bridge of the nose on the inner edge of the eyebrows. Penetrate Heaven (Bl 7) On the top of the skull, in a line upward from the back of the ears, one thumb width from the center. Heavenly Pillar (Bl 10) One finger width each side of spine, just below skull. Lung Associated (Bl 13) One finger width below the upper tip of the shoulder blade, between the spin and the scapula. Sea of Vitality (Bl 23 & Bl 47) 2 and 4 finger widths away from the spine at waist level. Sacral Points (Bl 27-34) Base of spine. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blades and the spine at the level of the heart. Womb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, and midway between the top of the hipbone (iliac crease) and the base of the buttock. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blade and the spine, one rib below the shoulder blade spine. Commanding Activity (Bl 39) On the outside of the knee, where the crease ends when the knee is bent. Commanding Middle (Bl 40) In the center of the back of the knee crease. Supporting Mountain (Bl 57) Half way up the calf, in the center of the muscle, just as the calf muscle begins to expand. High Mountains (Bl 60) Opposite Ki 3, in the hollow between the outer anklebone and the achilles tendon. Calm Sleep (Bl 62) In the first indentation directly below the outer anklebone. This hollow is 1/3 the distance from the outer anklebone to the bottom of the heel. Reaching Inside (Bl 67) On the outside of the little toe, at the base of the toenail. Womb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, midway between the top of the hipbone and base of the buttock.","Bigger Stream (K 3) Midway between the inside of your anklebone and the achilles tendon in the back of your ankle.","Blazing Valley (Ki 2) In the middle of the arch of the foot midway between the outer tip of the big toe and the back of the heel. Illuminated Sea (Ki 6) One thumb width below the inside of the anklebone. Nourishing valley (Ki 10) On the inner edge of the knee crease, in the hollow between two tendons. Elegant Mansion (Ki 27) Between the collarbone and the first rib, just outside the breastbone.","Pericardium Heavenly Pond (PC 1) One thumb width inside the end of the inside crease of the arm pit. Crooked Marsh (P 3) On the inside of the arm at the lower end of the elbow crease when the arm is bent. Intermediary (PC 5) One palm width above the center of the inner wrist crease, between the tendons. Inner Gate (PC 6) In the middle of the inner side of the forearm between the two tendons, 3 finger widths from the wrist crease. Big Mound (P 7) In the middle of the inside of the wrist crease.","Triple Warmer (Sanjiao) channel Active Pond (TW 4) Follow the outside of the arm to the hollow in the center of the wrist at the crease. Outer Gate (TW 5) On the outside of the forearm, midway between the two bones, 2 1/2 finger widths below the wrist crease. Shoulder Meeting Point (TW 13) On the outer surface of the upper arm, one thumb width in back of the base of the upper arm muscle and two finger widths higher up toward the shoulder. Heavenly Rejuvenation (TW 15) On the shoulders, midway between the base of the neck and the outside of the shoulders, one finger width below the top of the shoulders. Wind Screen (TW 17) In the indentation directly below the ear lobe and behind the jawbone.","Window of Heaven (TW 16) In the center of the back of the head in the large hollow under the base of the skull. Ear Gate (TW 21) In front of the Ear, one finger breadth above SI 19.","Gall Bladder channel Reunion of Hearing (GB 2) In front of the ear, one finger breadth below SI 19. Gates of Consciousness (GB 20) Below the base of the skull, in the hollow between the two large, vertical neck muscles, about a palms width apart.","Shoulder Well (GB 21) On the top of the shoulder, directly on the muscle, half way between the mid line and the shoulder tip.","Middle of a Person (GB 26) Two thirds of the way up from the upper lip to the nose. Jumping Circle (GB 30) 1/3 of the way from the hip joint bone to the sacrum.","Sunny Side of the Mountain (GB 34) On the outside of the lower leg, below and in front of the head of the fibula.","Wilderness Mount (GB 40) In the large hollow directly in front of the outer anklebone. Above tears (GB 41) On the top of the foot, one thumb width above the webbing of the fourth and fifth toes in the groove between the bones.","Liver channel Travel Between (Liv 2) At the juncture of the big and second toes. Bigger Rushing (Liv 3) On the top of the foot- between the big toe and the second toe.","Conception Vessel Gate Origin (CV 4) A palm width below the belly button. Sea of Energy (CV 6) Two finger widths directly below the belly button. Center of Power (CV 12) Half way between the belly button and the bottom of the sternum. Heaven Rushing Out (CV 22) At the base of the throat in the center of the collarbones. Sea of Tranquility (CV 17) In the center of the breast bone, between the nipples.","Governing Vessel Wind Mansion (GV 16) At the Top of the Spinal column under the base of the skull. Posterior Summit (GV 19) One thumb width behind top of head (GV 20).","One Hundred Meeting Point (GV 20) On the very top of the head. Can be located by moving vertically upward from the top of the ears, and finding the midline.","Anterior Summit (GV 21) One thumb width in front of top of head (GV 20). Third Eye Point (GV 24.5) Directly between the eyebrows.","Extra Ding Chuan (Extra) To the side and a little above the vertebra that protrudes at the top of the spin when the head is tilted downward."]},"parsed_md":"Acupressure Points\n\nAcupressure\n\nAcupressure points:\n\nLung channel Letting Go (Lu 1) In the valley between the shoulder joint and\nthe chest, 2 finger widths bellow the collarbone. Great Abyss (Lu 9) In the\ngroove at the wrist fold below the base of the thumb. Fish Border (Lu 10) On\nthe palm side of the hand in the center of the pad at the base of the thumb.\n\nLarge Intestine Channel Joining the Valley (LI 4) In the webbing between the\nthumb and index finger, at the highest spot of the muscle that protrudes when\nthe thumb and index finger are brought close together.\n\nCrooked Point (LI 11) Outside end of elbow crease.\n\nOuter Arm Bone (LI 14) Lower point of the deltoid muscle.\n\nWelcoming Perfume (LI 20) On eithercheek, just outside each nostril at the\nlevel of the inferior edge of the nose, in the nasa- basilar groove\n\nStomach channel Four Whites (St 2) One finger width below the lower ridge of\nthe eye socket in line with the center of the pupil. Facial Beauty (St 3 ) At\nthe bottom of the cheekbone, directly below the pupil Jaw Chariot (St 6)\nBetween the upper and lower jaw on the masseter muscle that bulges when the\nback teeth are clenched. Breast Window (St 16) Directly above the breast\ntissue between the third and fourth ribs. Breast Root (St 18) One rib space\nunder the nipples. Calf's Nose (St 35) Just below the kneecap in the outer\nindentation. Three Mile Point (St 36) Four finger widths below the kneecap,\none finger width to the outside of the leg.\n\nSevere Mouth (St 45) On the outside of the base of the second toe nail.\n\nSpleen channel Grandfather Grandson (Sp 4) On the arch of the foot, one thumb\nwidth in back of the ball of the foot.\n\nThree Yin Crossing (Sp 6) A palm width above the inner anklebone close to the\nback of the shinbone.\n\nShady Side of the Mountain (Sp 9)\n\nSea of blood (Sp 10) 3 finger widths above outside of kneecap. Rushing Door\n(Sp 12) and Mansion Cottage (Sp 13) Both these points are in the pelvic area\nwhere the leg joins the body. Abdominal sorrow (Sp 16) Below the edge of the\nrib cage one finger width in from the nipple line.\n\nHeart channel Spirit Gate (Ht 7) On the little finger side of the forearm at\nthe crease of the wrist.\n\nSmall Intestine channel Heavenly Appearance (SI 17) In the indentation\ndirectly below the earlobe and behind the jawbone. Listening Place (SI 19)\nDirectly in front of the ear opening in a depression which will deepen when\nthe jaw is open.\n\nBladder channel Eyes Bright (Bl 1) In the hollow at the inner corner of the\neye just above the tear duct. Drilling Bamboo (Bl 2) In the indentations\nousted of the bridge of the nose on the inner edge of the eyebrows. Penetrate\nHeaven (Bl 7) On the top of the skull, in a line upward from the back of the\nears, one thumb width from the center. Heavenly Pillar (Bl 10) One finger\nwidth each side of spine, just below skull. Lung Associated (Bl 13) One finger\nwidth below the upper tip of the shoulder blade, between the spin and the\nscapula. Sea of Vitality (Bl 23 & Bl 47) 2 and 4 finger widths away from the\nspine at waist level. Sacral Points (Bl 27-34) Base of spine. Vital Diaphragm\n(Bl 38) Between the shoulder blades and the spine at the level of the heart.\nWomb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, and\nmidway between the top of the hipbone (iliac crease) and the base of the\nbuttock. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blade and the spine, one\nrib below the shoulder blade spine. Commanding Activity (Bl 39) On the outside\nof the knee, where the crease ends when the knee is bent. Commanding Middle\n(Bl 40) In the center of the back of the knee crease. Supporting Mountain (Bl\n57) Half way up the calf, in the center of the muscle, just as the calf muscle\nbegins to expand. High Mountains (Bl 60) Opposite Ki 3, in the hollow between\nthe outer anklebone and the achilles tendon. Calm Sleep (Bl 62) In the first\nindentation directly below the outer anklebone. This hollow is 1/3 the\ndistance from the outer anklebone to the bottom of the heel. Reaching Inside\n(Bl 67) On the outside of the little toe, at the base of the toenail. Womb and\nVitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, midway between the\ntop of the hipbone and base of the buttock.\n\nKidney channel Bubbling Spring (Ki 1) 2/3 of the distance from the heel to the\nball of the soul.\n\nBigger Stream (K 3) Midway between the inside of your anklebone and the\nachilles tendon in the back of your ankle.\n\nBlazing Valley (Ki 2) In the middle of the arch of the foot midway between the\nouter tip of the big toe and the back of the heel. Illuminated Sea (Ki 6) One\nthumb width below the inside of the anklebone. Nourishing valley (Ki 10) On\nthe inner edge of the knee crease, in the hollow between two tendons. Elegant\nMansion (Ki 27) Between the collarbone and the first rib, just outside the\nbreastbone.\n\nPericardium Heavenly Pond (PC 1) One thumb width inside the end of the inside\ncrease of the arm pit. Crooked Marsh (P 3) On the inside of the arm at the\nlower end of the elbow crease when the arm is bent. Intermediary (PC 5) One\npalm width above the center of the inner wrist crease, between the tendons.\nInner Gate (PC 6) In the middle of the inner side of the forearm between the\ntwo tendons, 3 finger widths from the wrist crease. Big Mound (P 7) In the\nmiddle of the inside of the wrist crease.\n\nTriple Warmer (Sanjiao) channel Active Pond (TW 4) Follow the outside of the\narm to the hollow in the center of the wrist at the crease. Outer Gate (TW 5)\nOn the outside of the forearm, midway between the two bones, 2 1/2 finger\nwidths below the wrist crease. Shoulder Meeting Point (TW 13) On the outer\nsurface of the upper arm, one thumb width in back of the base of the upper arm\nmuscle and two finger widths higher up toward the shoulder. Heavenly\nRejuvenation (TW 15) On the shoulders, midway between the base of the neck and\nthe outside of the shoulders, one finger width below the top of the shoulders.\nWind Screen (TW 17) In the indentation directly below the ear lobe and behind\nthe jawbone.\n\nWindow of Heaven (TW 16) In the center of the back of the head in the large\nhollow under the base of the skull. Ear Gate (TW 21) In front of the Ear, one\nfinger breadth above SI 19.\n\nGall Bladder channel Reunion of Hearing (GB 2) In front of the ear, one finger\nbreadth below SI 19. Gates of Consciousness (GB 20) Below the base of the\nskull, in the hollow between the two large, vertical neck muscles, about a\npalms width apart.\n\nShoulder Well (GB 21) On the top of the shoulder, directly on the muscle, half\nway between the mid line and the shoulder tip.\n\nMiddle of a Person (GB 26) Two thirds of the way up from the upper lip to the\nnose. Jumping Circle (GB 30) 1/3 of the way from the hip joint bone to the\nsacrum.\n\nSunny Side of the Mountain (GB 34) On the outside of the lower leg, below and\nin front of the head of the fibula.\n\nWilderness Mount (GB 40) In the large hollow directly in front of the outer\nanklebone. Above tears (GB 41) On the top of the foot, one thumb width above\nthe webbing of the fourth and fifth toes in the groove between the bones.\n\nLiver channel Travel Between (Liv 2) At the juncture of the big and second\ntoes. Bigger Rushing (Liv 3) On the top of the foot- between the big toe and\nthe second toe.\n\nCrooked Spring (Liv 8) On the inside of the knee, where the crease ends when\nthe knee is bent.\n\nConception Vessel Gate Origin (CV 4) A palm width below the belly button. Sea\nof Energy (CV 6) Two finger widths directly below the belly button. Center of\nPower (CV 12) Half way between the belly button and the bottom of the sternum.\nHeaven Rushing Out (CV 22) At the base of the throat in the center of the\ncollarbones. Sea of Tranquility (CV 17) In the center of the breast bone,\nbetween the nipples.\n\nGoverning Vessel Wind Mansion (GV 16) At the Top of the Spinal column under\nthe base of the skull. Posterior Summit (GV 19) One thumb width behind top of\nhead (GV 20).\n\nOne Hundred Meeting Point (GV 20) On the very top of the head. Can be located\nby moving vertically upward from the top of the ears, and finding the midline.\n\nAnterior Summit (GV 21) One thumb width in front of top of head (GV 20). Third\nEye Point (GV 24.5) Directly between the eyebrows.\n\nExtra Ding Chuan (Extra) To the side and a little above the vertebra that\nprotrudes at the top of the spin when the head is tilted downward.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180919143322/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles","parsed_text":{"title":"Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points: Heal Ankle Pain, Stiffness & Swelling","passages":["I have successfully used Acupressure Points (GB 40) on my own body and many others for relieving ankle pain, stiffness, ankle sprains, and swelling. These acupressure points, on both ankles, work like a charm.","I’m confident I can describe how you can get relief. If you read further and watch my YouTube clip on relieving an ankle sprain. I’ll give you the details necessary for getting good results.","GB 40: Good for relieving ankle sprains, sciatica, irritability, stiffness, swollen ankles, and pain on the top of the foot.","I’ve gotten great results from using GB 40 on the same side that‘s injured, hurts, or is weak. If you damaged or broke your ankle, or your ankle is weak, painful or extremely fragile – then only use light touch on this Acupressure point. If the light touch is too painful, due to the trauma or injury, press into GB 40 on the opposite side – until your body can handle light pressure on the side of your ankle that hurts.","Acupressure Points GB 40 are located in the large hollow directly in front of the outer anklebone. This point relieves ankle problems, sprains, swelling, sciatic pain, and improves the health of your ankle joint. These acupressure points are also good for relieving sciatica, irritability, frustration, and difficulty in making good, wise decisions.","How to Apply Pressure: Hold GB 40 for five to ten minutes, alternating every sixty seconds or so between light and firm pressure gradually. At the end of holding the point, use light touch, without pressure for at least a minute, as you breathe deeply.","Acupressure Directions & Indications: To maximize the healing benefits in the ankle, hold GB 40 until you feel an even pulse at the point. After using this point for a few days, if you find you’re getting a clearer or well defined pulsation at the point sooner, be encouraged to continue; you’re getting the healing energy to flow through the ankle joint.","Ankle pain, ankle stiffness, ankle sprains, and swollen ankles are common complaints among people with previous injuries, overweight conditions, and athletes.","I’ve been dealing with a weak/sore ankle for quite some time and want to give this a shot so I can get back to normal martial arts training. Can you just use a finger or is it better to use some kind of tool? What are you using in the video?","* michael on February 28, 2012 at 7:34 pm said:\nI am using my own finger in the video demonstration. The human hand is the most natural, has the ability to feel for the indentation, and can channel healing energy. However, there is nothing wrong with using a tool to obtain pressure on Acupressure points, if you have difficulty using your fingers to apply pressure. This spring, I plan to present some great acupressure tools to enable you to get good pressure to activate the acupressure points and healing energy within your body without straining. I value good tools in all aspects of life. So you do not have to spend money to stimulate the acupressure points to heal yourself, try using an avocado pit, a golf ball in the palm of your hand, or the end of a pencil eraser. Be sure to apply the pressure gradually, hold in as you take deep breaths, and focus on releasing the pressure gradually too – for best results.","This GB 40 acupressure point is great for strengthening a weak/sore ankle and increases healing in the area. Please continue using this point and let me know your results.","* michael on February 29, 2012 at 6:31 am said:\nGB 40 balances the energy in the Gall Bladder meridian. That’s why these acupressure points, on both sides, are used to relieve general stiffness, judgmental attitudes, irritability, frustration, side aches, gas pains, feeling stuck or depressed, mental distress, indecision, overwhelm, repressed anger, and headaches. This also is a good acupressure point to use on people who eat too much junk food, especially chips that are fried, butter, and other rich foods in addition to relieving ankle problems.","Hai Michael, I have a 12 yrs old autism son and quite hyper and i have send him to a special school for the last 7 yrs but the result is not encouraging . Could you advise me whether the treatment with certain acupressure points that can stimulate his speech (especially) and fingers (problem with writing). Appreciate your advise.tq","* michael on March 1, 2012 at 6:11 am said:\nI appreciate the care you have given and want to give your son. To be effective, I believe that many aspects need to happen; acupressure and bodywork is just one of them. Your son needs mentors that he likes, and trusts who take him to new, exciting places – sometimes physically, sometimes mentally or intellectually, and certainly emotionally. The scope must include his life style and what he eats. Every autistic child responds differently. Use whole foods and strictly limit foods that contain sugar and salt. Try homeopathic medicine as well as Applied Educational Kinesiology like the Brain Gym. Acupressure points GB 20, GV 16 under the base of the skull and St 36 will certainly be helpful and part of the whole treatment.","Pranams. In one of your articles you have mentioned about application of GB 34 and St 36 regularly for toning up muscles. Can these points be useful for my inguinal hernia ? If there are other related points, pl. suggest me.","* michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:53 am said:\nFor an Inguinal Hernia: The primary acupressure points for your inguinal hernia is Sp 12 and Sp 13. This is not an instant fix; it takes months to heal and these points will make the healing occur faster and better.","* michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:41 am said:\nPlease let me know how it works and if you have any questions. I know it works, because it has healed my own ankle so many times.","My wife has bronchial asthma I am giving her all the points which are standard acupressure points which are there. Can you recommend line of treatment to follow and any other tips to be followed. Thanks in advance,","* michael on March 3, 2012 at 5:46 pm said:\nThere are a number of blog articles that would help your wife, which I’ll list below. However, to really get a powerful yet simple to do routine, I suggest getting my best selling book called Acupressure’s Potent Points.","For Asthma, here are several acupressure points that will help: B13, B 14, Lu 1 and go to: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1310 http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1463","Thanks a lot for introducing Point GB 40. I have a fractured plate implanted ankle. i am also fat and weigh 96kgs. It really pains me now. However, i applied acupressure by following your directions, and really i am having relief. Also my gastric trouble is releasing!","* michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:41 am said:\nI am thrilled to hear your results – using the acupressure points. For Weight Loss – I have written a routine that uses acupressure with self-massage, gentle stretching, which deep breathing is available as an E-Audio Weight Loss Program.","For Less Stress, I suggest you use this DVD – a great set of easy breathing exercises. You’ll be amazed how well these exercises work for getting closer to your well-being – but you have to actually to the exercises – twice a day is best.","Hi Michael, I get a lot of pins and needles in my legs riding up & down, could you please guide me with pressure points to release this problem? It is extremely uncomfortable.","* michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:22 am said:\nThis point GB 40 presented here can be helpful, but also try these points for your legs: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034","Dear Michael, thanks so much for sharing your wisdom here. I have turned a lot of people on to your wonderful book! This point, worked during a reflexology session, worked so well for one of my clients. I held it while cupping the heel and rotated the foot with the other hand.","* michael on March 5, 2012 at 1:48 am said:\nThank you so much for referring some many people to my acupressure point books. I think your reflexology application of using this point is excellent.","thnks for ankle healing pressure point...i m going to do it to heal my sprain of 5 mths. can u tell me something for fibroids also...thnks in advance.","* michael on March 28, 2012 at 3:45 am said:\nAcupressure points in the area of the fibroids may relieve some of the discomfort, but let me be clear that this is not a cure for them. If the fibroids grew to a size that causes more discomfort or any disfunction, I suggest you get medical attention and care. Even in traditional Chinese medicine, surgery is used as a valid last resort.","Hi there I have pain that is right where the GB40 spot is, I thought it could be my AFTL. I can walk with no pain, but it also hurts on my shin muscle below the knee and my hip/lower back. Can this method help, is it a sciatica problem? Please help thank you!","* michael on April 18, 2012 at 7:21 am said:\nFor Pain below the Knee (near the shin): I want to give you a couple other acupressure points to practice in addition to GB 40, which I hope you’ll continue using. Here are the acupressure points for relieving muscular pain in the knees, shins, and lower back: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034","For Lower Back Pain: Try using ice before you go to bed, for at least 30 days and hold the lower back acupressure points as illustrated here: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1248","* michael on April 18, 2012 at 6:58 am said:\nIf your ankle pain is on the top of your foot or goes into the outer side of your ankle, the directions in this blog and video clip are excellent – hold these acupressure points (GB 40 on both sides) for a few minutes, several times a day. Experiment with more pressure, less pressure, with more time and repetitions, with ice on the points, with ice on the painful area, etc. I encourage you to keep up, practicing acupressure especially when you find its hurting while laying in bed.","Hello Sir, I am suffering from ankle ligament tear of right foot-right ankle from last 10 months. As per MRI, it shows partial ligament tear. I have consulted many doctors in India, but I have not got relief from my pain. Whenever i walk for more than 5 minutes, my whole foot starts paining and i started limping while walking. I have flat foot also. i have done 20 sittings of physiotherapy which includes ultrasonic waves, Interferential therapy but all in vain. Kindly suggest me wthere i get any help from accupressure/accupuncture therapy?? And if yes then why an orthopaedic doctor suggest about accupressure/accupuncture??","* michael on May 27, 2012 at 6:49 am said:\nIf I could see where your pain originates and where it goes, I could at least suggest some acupressure points. See if you can get a referral in your area for acupuncture or acupressure. If your pain goes through the top of your foot, this acupressure point, GB 40 will be helpful.","Hello. I have been suffering from an ongoing ankle pain, inner left ankle, and I kindly want specific advice. I have been told its a blood clot and will be released with hot water massages. I didn’t see a result. What do you suggest?","* michael on June 11, 2012 at 8:46 am said:\nI suggest that you go to a doctor to have this examined – if there’s a chance this is a blood clot. The acupressure points on the inside of your ankle, which will probably be quite tender can be helpful, once you see a medical doctor who rules out the blood clot and OKs using gentle finger pressure on the healing points on this acupressure points chart and reflexology charts.","Hi Michael – I have a client who is recovering from an injury to the navicular tendon – just on the superior arch of the right foot, proximal to the head of the first metatarsal. She has worn a boot and then a cast for about 6 weeks to allow it to heal, but it is still painful. I have told her about holding the paired master points GB 41/Sp 4 and K 6/Bl 62, for various benefits, including bringing balanced energy into her right foot for healing. Is there anything more about these points or others specifically that you can suggest for self- treatment to speed her healing? Thanks so much for your help! Kathy","* michael on August 7, 2012 at 11:32 am said:\nShow her how to find and hold Sp 3 as well as Sp 4 and K 2 using her thumbs, while her fingers get GB 41. Teach her how to go into the points gradually and how to attract a pulse to get the energy flowing, which will decrease her recovery time. I also find applying Zheng Gu Shui, which is an external Chinese analgesic, found in large health food stores and Chines stores with patient medicines, is very helpful for healing injuries. Be careful to not get this in your eyes, arm pits, or private parts.","Thank you for your continue mailing your valuable articles. At present I and my Mrs. are suffering from pain in heel and arms. Should we try this GB40 for below foot pain in heel.","* michael on August 17, 2012 at 10:38 am said:\nFor your heel pain, also use the ankle points K 4, K 5, and especially K 6 with B 62, You will find illustrations of these points in my Home Study Pack. To relieve your arm pain, I’d need to see a picture of where the point runs in your arm. Usually Si 10 with LI 11, LI 10, TW 5 and P 6 work well.","mr. Gach i have seen that GB 40 POINT when perssure is gently applied to it instantly reduce a sprained and grossly swollen ankle it would have been nice to see somthing like that again it was truely amazing Thanks very much sharing this it brought back some memmories."]},"parsed_md":"Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points: Heal Ankle Pain, Stiffness & Swelling |\nAcupressure Points\n\n↓\n\n# Acupressure Points\n\n## Michael Reed Gach - World Expert on Acupressure Therapy\n\n * Blog\n * About\n * Contact\n * Self-Care A-Z\n * Online Trainings\n\n# Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points for Healing Ankle Pain, Ankle Stiffness,\nSciatica, Top of Foot Pain, and Swollen Ankles*\n\nI have successfully used Acupressure Points (GB 40) on my own body and many\nothers for relieving ankle pain, stiffness, ankle sprains, and swelling. These\nacupressure points, on both ankles, work like a charm.\n\nI’m confident I can describe how you can get relief. If you read further and\nwatch my YouTube clip on relieving an ankle sprain. I’ll give you the details\nnecessary for getting good results.\n\nGB 40: Good for relieving ankle sprains, sciatica, irritability, stiffness,\nswollen ankles, and pain on the top of the foot.\n\nI’ve gotten great results from using GB 40 on the same side that‘s injured,\nhurts, or is weak. If you damaged or broke your ankle, or your ankle is weak,\npainful or extremely fragile – then only use light touch on this Acupressure\npoint. If the light touch is too painful, due to the trauma or injury, press\ninto GB 40 on the opposite side – until your body can handle light pressure on\nthe side of your ankle that hurts.\n\nAcupressure Points GB 40 are located in the large hollow directly in front of\nthe outer anklebone. This point relieves ankle problems, sprains, swelling,\nsciatic pain, and improves the health of your ankle joint. These acupressure\npoints are also good for relieving sciatica, irritability, frustration, and\ndifficulty in making good, wise decisions.\n\nHow to Apply Pressure: Hold GB 40 for five to ten minutes, alternating every\nsixty seconds or so between light and firm pressure gradually. At the end of\nholding the point, use light touch, without pressure for at least a minute, as\nyou breathe deeply.\n\nAcupressure Directions & Indications: To maximize the healing benefits in the\nankle, hold GB 40 until you feel an even pulse at the point. After using this\npoint for a few days, if you find you’re getting a clearer or well defined\npulsation at the point sooner, be encouraged to continue; you’re getting the\nhealing energy to flow through the ankle joint.\n\n_____________________________________________________________\n\n* Ankle pain, ankle stiffness, ankle sprains, and swollen ankles are common complaints among people with previous injuries, overweight conditions, and athletes.\n\nShare\n\n### Comments\n\n#### Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points for Healing Ankle Pain, Ankle Stiffness,\nSciatica, Top of Foot Pain, and Swollen Ankles* — 36 Comments\n\n 1. harish srivastava on February 28, 2012 at 12:00 pm said:\n\nVery interesting and useful article...Thanx.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Lori (Vancouver/Richmond BC Martial Arts/Self-Defense Instructor) on February 28, 2012 at 6:20 pm said:\n\nI’ve been dealing with a weak/sore ankle for quite some time and want to give\nthis a shot so I can get back to normal martial arts training. Can you just\nuse a finger or is it better to use some kind of tool? What are you using in\nthe video?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on February 28, 2012 at 7:34 pm said:\n\nI am using my own finger in the video demonstration. The human hand is the\nmost natural, has the ability to feel for the indentation, and can channel\nhealing energy. However, there is nothing wrong with using a tool to obtain\npressure on Acupressure points, if you have difficulty using your fingers to\napply pressure. This spring, I plan to present some great acupressure tools to\nenable you to get good pressure to activate the acupressure points and healing\nenergy within your body without straining. I value good tools in all aspects\nof life. So you do not have to spend money to stimulate the acupressure points\nto heal yourself, try using an avocado pit, a golf ball in the palm of your\nhand, or the end of a pencil eraser. Be sure to apply the pressure gradually,\nhold in as you take deep breaths, and focus on releasing the pressure\ngradually too – for best results.\n\nThis GB 40 acupressure point is great for strengthening a weak/sore ankle and\nincreases healing in the area. Please continue using this point and let me\nknow your results.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Rev John on February 29, 2012 at 2:52 am said:\n\nThanks for reminding me of the GB 40 acupressure point.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on February 29, 2012 at 6:31 am said:\n\nGB 40 balances the energy in the Gall Bladder meridian. That’s why these\nacupressure points, on both sides, are used to relieve general stiffness,\njudgmental attitudes, irritability, frustration, side aches, gas pains,\nfeeling stuck or depressed, mental distress, indecision, overwhelm, repressed\nanger, and headaches. This also is a good acupressure point to use on people\nwho eat too much junk food, especially chips that are fried, butter, and other\nrich foods in addition to relieving ankle problems.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 4. wan baker on February 29, 2012 at 9:43 am said:\n\nHai Michael, I have a 12 yrs old autism son and quite hyper and i have send\nhim to a special school for the last 7 yrs but the result is not encouraging .\nCould you advise me whether the treatment with certain acupressure points that\ncan stimulate his speech (especially) and fingers (problem with writing).\nAppreciate your advise.tq\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 6:11 am said:\n\nI appreciate the care you have given and want to give your son. To be\neffective, I believe that many aspects need to happen; acupressure and\nbodywork is just one of them. Your son needs mentors that he likes, and trusts\nwho take him to new, exciting places – sometimes physically, sometimes\nmentally or intellectually, and certainly emotionally. The scope must include\nhis life style and what he eats. Every autistic child responds differently.\nUse whole foods and strictly limit foods that contain sugar and salt. Try\nhomeopathic medicine as well as Applied Educational Kinesiology like the Brain\nGym. Acupressure points GB 20, GV 16 under the base of the skull and St 36\nwill certainly be helpful and part of the whole treatment.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 5. Rajkumari on February 29, 2012 at 10:15 am said:\n\nHi using GB 40 is really educative and interesting\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:55 am said:\n\nExcellent. Isn’t Acupressure a wonderful healing art!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 6. R Sampath Kumar on February 29, 2012 at 1:41 pm said:\n\nPranams. In one of your articles you have mentioned about application of GB 34\nand St 36 regularly for toning up muscles. Can these points be useful for my\ninguinal hernia ? If there are other related points, pl. suggest me.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:53 am said:\n\nFor an Inguinal Hernia: The primary acupressure points for your inguinal\nhernia is Sp 12 and Sp 13. This is not an instant fix; it takes months to heal\nand these points will make the healing occur faster and better.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 7. sangeeta melag on March 1, 2012 at 3:52 am said:\n\nthanx for giving ankle pain point i will try\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:41 am said:\n\nPlease let me know how it works and if you have any questions. I know it\nworks, because it has healed my own ankle so many times.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 8. ATUL.MEHTA. on March 1, 2012 at 8:07 am said:\n\nDear Michael,\n\nMy wife has bronchial asthma I am giving her all the points which are standard\nacupressure points which are there. Can you recommend line of treatment to\nfollow and any other tips to be followed. Thanks in advance,\n\nAtul Mehta.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 5:46 pm said:\n\nThere are a number of blog articles that would help your wife, which I’ll list\nbelow. However, to really get a powerful yet simple to do routine, I suggest\ngetting my best selling book called Acupressure’s Potent Points.\n\nFor Asthma, here are several acupressure points that will help: B13, B 14, Lu\n1 and go to: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1310\nhttp://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1463\n\nReply ↓\n\n 9. Bhuvana on March 2, 2012 at 8:31 am said:\n\nThanks a lot for introducing Point GB 40. I have a fractured plate implanted\nankle. i am also fat and weigh 96kgs. It really pains me now. However, i\napplied acupressure by following your directions, and really i am having\nrelief. Also my gastric trouble is releasing!\n\nCan u suggest some points for reducing fat, and stress?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:41 am said:\n\nI am thrilled to hear your results – using the acupressure points. For Weight\nLoss – I have written a routine that uses acupressure with self-massage,\ngentle stretching, which deep breathing is available as an E-Audio Weight Loss\nProgram.\n\nFor Acupressure Stress Relief DVD I present gentle self-acupressure deep\nbreathing exercises to relieve tension.\n\nFor Less Stress, I suggest you use this DVD – a great set of easy breathing\nexercises. You’ll be amazed how well these exercises work for getting closer\nto your well-being – but you have to actually to the exercises – twice a day\nis best.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 10. Ms. Khush F Dubash on March 2, 2012 at 10:18 am said:\n\nHi Michael, I get a lot of pins and needles in my legs riding up & down, could\nyou please guide me with pressure points to release this problem? It is\nextremely uncomfortable.\n\nThanks much – Ms. Khush\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:22 am said:\n\nThis point GB 40 presented here can be helpful, but also try these points for\nyour legs: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\n\nReply ↓\n\n 11. Ien van Houten on March 5, 2012 at 1:19 am said:\n\nDear Michael, thanks so much for sharing your wisdom here. I have turned a lot\nof people on to your wonderful book! This point, worked during a reflexology\nsession, worked so well for one of my clients. I held it while cupping the\nheel and rotated the foot with the other hand.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 5, 2012 at 1:48 am said:\n\nThank you so much for referring some many people to my acupressure point\nbooks. I think your reflexology application of using this point is excellent.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 12. reenu on March 27, 2012 at 3:09 pm said:\n\nthnks for ankle healing pressure point...i m going to do it to heal my sprain\nof 5 mths. can u tell me something for fibroids also...thnks in advance.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 28, 2012 at 3:45 am said:\n\nAcupressure points in the area of the fibroids may relieve some of the\ndiscomfort, but let me be clear that this is not a cure for them. If the\nfibroids grew to a size that causes more discomfort or any disfunction, I\nsuggest you get medical attention and care. Even in traditional Chinese\nmedicine, surgery is used as a valid last resort.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 13. Ryan on April 16, 2012 at 7:35 am said:\n\nHi there I have pain that is right where the GB40 spot is, I thought it could\nbe my AFTL. I can walk with no pain, but it also hurts on my shin muscle below\nthe knee and my hip/lower back. Can this method help, is it a sciatica\nproblem? Please help thank you!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on April 18, 2012 at 7:21 am said:\n\nFor Pain below the Knee (near the shin): I want to give you a couple other\nacupressure points to practice in addition to GB 40, which I hope you’ll\ncontinue using. Here are the acupressure points for relieving muscular pain in\nthe knees, shins, and lower back: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\n\nFor Lower Back Pain: Try using ice before you go to bed, for at least 30 days\nand hold the lower back acupressure points as illustrated here:\nhttp://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1248\n\nReply ↓\n\n 14. Ryan on April 16, 2012 at 7:37 am said:\n\nIt mostly hurts at night laying in bed...\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on April 18, 2012 at 6:58 am said:\n\nIf your ankle pain is on the top of your foot or goes into the outer side of\nyour ankle, the directions in this blog and video clip are excellent – hold\nthese acupressure points (GB 40 on both sides) for a few minutes, several\ntimes a day. Experiment with more pressure, less pressure, with more time and\nrepetitions, with ice on the points, with ice on the painful area, etc. I\nencourage you to keep up, practicing acupressure especially when you find its\nhurting while laying in bed.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 15. Mayank on May 26, 2012 at 1:13 pm said:\n\nHello Sir, I am suffering from ankle ligament tear of right foot-right ankle\nfrom last 10 months. As per MRI, it shows partial ligament tear. I have\nconsulted many doctors in India, but I have not got relief from my pain.\nWhenever i walk for more than 5 minutes, my whole foot starts paining and i\nstarted limping while walking. I have flat foot also. i have done 20 sittings\nof physiotherapy which includes ultrasonic waves, Interferential therapy but\nall in vain. Kindly suggest me wthere i get any help from\naccupressure/accupuncture therapy?? And if yes then why an orthopaedic doctor\nsuggest about accupressure/accupuncture??\n\nWaiting for your reply Mayank\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on May 27, 2012 at 6:49 am said:\n\nIf I could see where your pain originates and where it goes, I could at least\nsuggest some acupressure points. See if you can get a referral in your area\nfor acupuncture or acupressure. If your pain goes through the top of your\nfoot, this acupressure point, GB 40 will be helpful.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 16. Nina Chowdhury on June 9, 2012 at 10:35 pm said:\n\nHello. I have been suffering from an ongoing ankle pain, inner left ankle, and\nI kindly want specific advice. I have been told its a blood clot and will be\nreleased with hot water massages. I didn’t see a result. What do you suggest?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on June 11, 2012 at 8:46 am said:\n\nI suggest that you go to a doctor to have this examined – if there’s a chance\nthis is a blood clot. The acupressure points on the inside of your ankle,\nwhich will probably be quite tender can be helpful, once you see a medical\ndoctor who rules out the blood clot and OKs using gentle finger pressure on\nthe healing points on this acupressure points chart and reflexology charts.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 17. Kathy Lorenz on August 6, 2012 at 1:47 am said:\n\nHi Michael – I have a client who is recovering from an injury to the navicular\ntendon – just on the superior arch of the right foot, proximal to the head of\nthe first metatarsal. She has worn a boot and then a cast for about 6 weeks to\nallow it to heal, but it is still painful. I have told her about holding the\npaired master points GB 41/Sp 4 and K 6/Bl 62, for various benefits, including\nbringing balanced energy into her right foot for healing. Is there anything\nmore about these points or others specifically that you can suggest for self-\ntreatment to speed her healing? Thanks so much for your help! Kathy\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on August 7, 2012 at 11:32 am said:\n\nShow her how to find and hold Sp 3 as well as Sp 4 and K 2 using her thumbs,\nwhile her fingers get GB 41. Teach her how to go into the points gradually and\nhow to attract a pulse to get the energy flowing, which will decrease her\nrecovery time. I also find applying Zheng Gu Shui, which is an external\nChinese analgesic, found in large health food stores and Chines stores with\npatient medicines, is very helpful for healing injuries. Be careful to not get\nthis in your eyes, arm pits, or private parts.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 18. Radhey Shyam Sawhney on August 16, 2012 at 10:53 am said:\n\nSir,\n\nThank you for your continue mailing your valuable articles. At present I and\nmy Mrs. are suffering from pain in heel and arms. Should we try this GB40 for\nbelow foot pain in heel.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on August 17, 2012 at 10:38 am said:\n\nFor your heel pain, also use the ankle points K 4, K 5, and especially K 6\nwith B 62, You will find illustrations of these points in my Home Study Pack.\nTo relieve your arm pain, I’d need to see a picture of where the point runs in\nyour arm. Usually Si 10 with LI 11, LI 10, TW 5 and P 6 work well.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 19. ford on March 22, 2013 at 12:59 am said:\n\nmr. Gach i have seen that GB 40 POINT when perssure is gently applied to it\ninstantly reduce a sprained and grossly swollen ankle it would have been nice\nto see somthing like that again it was truely amazing Thanks very much sharing\nthis it brought back some memmories.\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHome Acupressure Articles E-Products Online Trainings Audio Pain Relief\nBooklets Books Charts DVD’s Flashcards Home Study Discounted Packages New\nProducts Ways to Use Acupressure Acu–Yoga Lovers Acupressure Body Tools Orders\n& Returns Wholesale About the Author\n\n### Quick Index Links:\n\n * Acu-Yoga (2)\n * Acupressure Community (14)\n * Acupressure for Beginners (8)\n * Acupressure for Children (2)\n * Acupressure for Lovers (4)\n * Acupressure Massage (3)\n * Acupressure Points (43)\n * ADD (4)\n * ADHD and Dyslexia (4)\n * Allergies & Hayfever (4)\n * Ankle Pain & Sprains (4)\n * Anxiety & Panic Relief (3)\n * Back Pain & Sciatica (12)\n * Breathing / Chest congestion (5)\n * Chronic Fatigue/Fibromyalgia (14)\n * Colds & Flu (3)\n * Detox & Decongestion (2)\n * Ears (6)\n * Elimination (1)\n * Emotional Healing (14)\n * Eyes (4)\n * Foot Cramps & Cold Feet (2)\n * Headaches & Mental Health (15)\n * Hormones & Glands (3)\n * Humor & Laughter (1)\n * Immune Boosting (3)\n * Jaw Pain & TMJ (1)\n * Knee Pain (4)\n * Learning Disorders (3)\n * Memory & Concentration (6)\n * Metabolism & Appetite (6)\n * Michael's Life Experiences (7)\n * Muscle Stiffness & Pain (2)\n * Nausea & Upset Stomach (2)\n * Nose & Throat (4)\n * Pain Relief (22)\n * Sciatica (4)\n * Self-Care Techniques (16)\n * Sexual or Urinary Problems (3)\n * Sinuses & Congestion (1)\n * Sleep Disorders (4)\n * Spiritual Healing (8)\n * Stress Management (26)\n\n * Diet (2)\n * Exercise & Lifestyle (5)\n * Uncategorized (3)\n * Vertigo, Dizziness, Lightheaded (3)\n * Weight Loss (3)\n * Wellness & Long Life (19)\n * Zen Shiatsu (3)\n\n©2015 Michael Gach Ph.D.\n\n↑\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200119214718/http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp","parsed_text":{"title":"Qi Journal: Interactive Acupuncture Model","passages":["You can also select an Acupuncture Meridian (Channel) in the left column to see a listing of the acu-points asssociated with it."]},"parsed_md":"Qi Journal: Interactive Acupuncture Model\n\nHome Page | Acupuncture & Acupressure | Tuina, Shiatsu, & Massage | Trad.\nChinese Medicine | Check Your Shopping Basket \n \n--- \n \nNavigation Menu:\n\nInteractive Acupuncture Model\n\nUse the small figure above and select a section that you wish to display and\nbrowse.\n\nMeridians:\n\nIntroduction & Instructions The Lung Meridian The Large Intestine The Stomach\nThe Spleen The Heart The Small Intestine The Urinary Bladder The Kidney The\nPericardium Triple Heater (San Jiao) The Gall Bladder The Liver\n\nThe DU (Back Midline) The REN (Front Midline)\n\n|\n\nWelcome to our unique Acu-Point Model\n\nFollow the simple steps listed above... just point, click & Learn.\n\nYou can also select an Acupuncture Meridian (Channel) in the left column to\nsee a listing of the acu-points asssociated with it.\n\nInformation is provided for educational purposes only. Always consult a health\ncare professional.\n\n¬©2011 Insight Publishing, Inc.\n\n|\n\nQi Catalog\n\nSport and T-Shirts\n\nIntroducing new Long Sleeve UltraCotton T-shirts. See info here.\n\nGlass Pendants\n\nNew line of calligraphy-based jewelry\n\nIndex of Online Articles\n\nGet special offers & updates: \n \n---|---|--- \n \nAcupuncture | Herbs & Diet | Taijiquan/Internal Arts | Qi Journal | Qigong &\nMeditation | Culture & Philosophy | Feng Shui | Qi Catalog\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201202091217/https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Liver Yin deficiency\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Liver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we deplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\",\n \"Liver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we deplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\",\n \"This syndrome is one of a number of syndromes recognised in Chinese medicine relating to the Liver. The Liver, as in Western medicine, is of major importance in Chinese medicine but it has additional, very different roles.\",\n \"In Chinese medicine the Liver is an Energy Organ, or zang, that deals with making sure that Qi – energy – moves smoothly; not just in your body, but in your emotions. You may think the liver has little to do with your emotions, but even in the West we recognise what is meant by someone who is described as liverish.\",\n \"If you can imagine someone who has been liverish for a long time, with either loss of blood or a history of considerable and excessive exertion you might begin to approach what the Chinese mean by this syndrome.\",\n \"The actual symptoms you can read about below: they aren’t that uncommon and many people get them to a small extent from time to time.\",\n \"They become stronger as you grow older, and can lead to other Liver syndromes, such as Liver Qi Stagnation or Liver Yang.\",\n \"Liver Yin deficiency symptoms are rather like those of Liver Blood deficiency. This makes little difference if you’re new to all this, but it does matter if you’re the acupuncturist treating it.\",\n \"Note – don’t confuse these Liver Yin Deficiency with the symptoms of fever or infection, a mistake doctors sometimes make, the result being that they prescribe antibiotics, which eventually make your condition worse.\",\n \"Appearance: you may get slightly flushed cheeks, commonly in the afternoon or evening. If so, this shows signs of your deficiency of Yin allowing (Yang) ‘empty‘ heat to develop.\",\n \"Your tongue: red with little or no coating (if any, it is white or sometimes a little yellow). Your tongue body may have fissures.\",\n \"Big emotional problems, including sadness or grieving can also drain Liver Yin, firstly by causing Liver Qi stagnation, then perhaps by causing Liver Fire which drains Liver Yin\",\n \"In women, childbirth can be a cause, more so if it was very draining, took too long, or you had many tiring pregnancies close together\",\n \"Of course, there are other causes. Any large emotional trauma can affect any or all of the organ energies (eg Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidney etc). Such trauma will dissipate their patency. Which symptoms this leads to depends on underlying susceptibilities.\",\n \"Technically, what your acupuncturist will do is nourish your Kidney Yin or your Kidney Yang, your Liver Yin and Liver Blood. There are acupuncture treatments for this, and a whole raft of other ways that your acupuncturist will probably suggest.\",\n \"Like what? Well, you could start by studying the many thousands of texts written over at least 2000 years by Chinese medicine scholars, doctors and mystics, most of whom sooner or later became obsessed with the matter.\",\n \"Trapped in static yin lockdown? How to reduce yin and use yang to alleviate misery! It’s your choice and your opportunity!\",\n \"High blood pressure – hypertension: understand it with yin and yang to get the right treatment. Excess yang or deficient yin?\",\n \"As source point Spleen 3 strengthens your Spleen so enhances your digestion, energy and Blood and helps to clear or disperse Damp.\",\n \"Gallbladder 34, yanglingquan clears Damp-Heat and soothes and steadies the tendons. Great for many kinds of arthritis and aching wandering pains.\",\n \"Spleen 9, yinlingquan, is a major point for conditions caused by Damp, so helps urinary problems, ascites, oedema and general swelling.\",\n \"If you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can improve your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\",\n \"If you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can improve your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\",\n \"www.acupuncture-points.org is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to products on Amazon.com. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Liver Yin deficiency - Acupuncture Points\\n\\nMenu\\n\\nLiver Energy, Syndromes, Theory, Yin and Yang, Zangfu\\n\\n# Liver Yin deficiency\\n\\nLiver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we\\ndeplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\\n\\nJonathan Clogstoun-Willmott\\n\\n * October 15, 2019\\n\\nPhoto by Megan te Boekhorst on Unsplash\\n\\n * Discover Liver Yin deficiency symptoms – many women get them\\n * The causes of Liver Yin deficiency\\n * Overwork is often a cause\\n * Tired restlessness is a common symptom\\n\\nLiver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we\\ndeplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\\n\\nBy then of course, we’ve developed wisdom, so it doesn’t matter, though it can\\nbe a hard exchange.\\n\\nThis syndrome is one of a number of syndromes recognised in Chinese medicine\\nrelating to the Liver. The Liver, as in Western medicine, is of major\\nimportance in Chinese medicine but it has additional, very different roles.\\n\\nRead more about the Liver functions here.\\n\\nIn Chinese medicine the Liver is an Energy Organ, or zang, that deals with\\nmaking sure that Qi – energy – moves smoothly; not just in your body, but in\\nyour emotions. You may think the liver has little to do with your emotions,\\nbut even in the West we recognise what is meant by someone who is described as\\nliverish.\\n\\n‘Liverish’ includes physical symptoms but also mental and emotional symptoms\\nthat often accompany them.\\n\\nIf you can imagine someone who has been liverish for a long time, with either\\nloss of blood or a history of considerable and excessive exertion you might\\nbegin to approach what the Chinese mean by this syndrome.\\n\\nThe actual symptoms you can read about below: they aren’t that uncommon and\\nmany people get them to a small extent from time to time.\\n\\nThey become stronger as you grow older, and can lead to other Liver syndromes,\\nsuch as Liver Qi Stagnation or Liver Yang.\\n\\nIt share some signs common to all Yin deficient syndromes.\\n\\nImage by Hawksky from Pixabay\\n\\n## What are Liver Yin Deficiency Symptoms?\\n\\nLiver Yin deficiency symptoms are rather like those of Liver Blood deficiency.\\nThis makes little difference if you’re new to all this, but it does matter if\\nyou’re the acupuncturist treating it.\\n\\nYou may not have all of the following symptoms – just some of them, some of\\nthe time.\\n\\nNote – don’t confuse these Liver Yin Deficiency with the symptoms of fever or\\ninfection, a mistake doctors sometimes make, the result being that they\\nprescribe antibiotics, which eventually make your condition worse.\\n\\n## So what are the symptoms?\\n\\n * Dry eyes, mouth and throat\\n * Heat sensations in palms and soles\\n * Dull inter-costal pain\\n * Nails are dry and without lustre\\n * Impatience\\n * Constipation with dry stools\\n * Urine is dark and may be scanty\\n * Low grade fever worse later in the day or evening\\n * Restlessness\\n * Insomnia (often after waking around 3am)\\n * Fatigue\\n * Night sweats\\n * Aversion to Heat\\n\\n * Shallow Breathing, dyspnoea, sighing, taking deep breaths\\n * Thirst and prefers cool drinks, but not too much\\n * Urine dark\\n * Constipation and dry stools\\n * Pain relieved by cool air or cool applications\\n * Pain also better for pressure or firm touch\\n\\nYour movements: restless, but you weaken quickly.\\n\\nSpeech: quiet but talkative, and you easily run out of ‘puff’.\\n\\nYour mood: agitated, anxious, depressed, passive, excitable. You needs\\nreassurance.\\n\\nAppearance: you may get slightly flushed cheeks, commonly in the afternoon or\\nevening. If so, this shows signs of your deficiency of Yin allowing (Yang)\\n‘empty‘ heat to develop.\\n\\nYour tongue: red with little or no coating (if any, it is white or sometimes a\\nlittle yellow). Your tongue body may have fissures.\\n\\nYour pulse: wiry and fine, or wiry, fine, and rapid (technical terms of\\ninterest to acupuncturists).\\n\\nLiver Yin deficiency Video\\n\\nBook here\\n\\n## How do you get this – what’s its Aetiology?\\n\\nThe usual causes of Liver Yin Deficiency are:\\n\\n * Excessive exercise or physical exertion (what’s excessive for one person may be normal for another)\\n * Long-term Liver Blood deficiency eg from heavy menses\\n * A succession of high fevers that have drained you\\n * Big emotional problems, including sadness or grieving can also drain Liver Yin, firstly by causing Liver Qi stagnation, then perhaps by causing Liver Fire which drains Liver Yin\\n * In women (more than in men, it seems), overworking\\n * In women, childbirth can be a cause, more so if it was very draining, took too long, or you had many tiring pregnancies close together\\n * ‘Jing and Kidney deficiency’ leading to Liver Yin deficiency.\\n\\n### Jing and Kidney deficiency can arise from a number of different reasons\\nincluding\\n\\n * chronic illness,\\n * old age,\\n * overwork,\\n * hereditary causes,\\n * long-standing or extreme fear, and\\n * excess sexual activity.\\n * In other words, overuse of available resources.\\n\\nOf course, there are other causes. Any large emotional trauma can affect any\\nor all of the organ energies (eg Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidney etc). Such trauma\\nwill dissipate their patency. Which symptoms this leads to depends on\\nunderlying susceptibilities.\\n\\nStay in Touch!\\n\\nNo spam, only notifications about new articles and updates.\\n\\nThe latest books\\n\\nMaster Ancient Ways to Deal with Stress.\\n\\nThe Ancient Way to Deal with Burnout and Exhaustion.\\n\\nBook a Consultation\\n\\nBook Consultation\\n\\nBook a Video consultation if you want to know more about your symptoms\\n\\nBook here\\n\\n## Treatment\\n\\nTechnically, what your acupuncturist will do is nourish your Kidney Yin or\\nyour Kidney Yang, your Liver Yin and Liver Blood. There are acupuncture\\ntreatments for this, and a whole raft of other ways that your acupuncturist\\nwill probably suggest.\\n\\n### Other Ways?\\n\\nLike what? Well, you could start by studying the many thousands of texts\\nwritten over at least 2000 years by Chinese medicine scholars, doctors and\\nmystics, most of whom sooner or later became obsessed with the matter.\\n\\nAs you will, too, when you grow a little older, if not already.\\n\\nFew of us like to grow old (at least physically) and Kidney deficiency comes\\nwith growing old.\\n\\nKidney deficiency leads to Liver Yin deficiency.\\n\\nOf course, Chinese Medicine including Acupuncture has solutions, partial if\\nnothing else, as you would expect.\\n\\nSome of them you can do yourself and for others you need treatment.\\n\\nThe things you do yourself must become part of your daily pattern.\\n\\nThey aren’t things which you do once and that’s it.\\n\\nWe’re writing a page on this and will link to it when it’s ready.\\n\\nOther Liver syndromes\\n\\n * Liver Functions in general including Liver Qi Stagnation\\n * Liver Blood Deficiency\\n * Liver Blood Stasis\\n * Liver Channel Cold Stagnation\\n * Liver Damp Heat\\n * Liver Fire\\n * Liver Wind\\n * Liver Yang rising\\n * Liver Yin deficiency – this page\\n\\nBook here\\n\\nCheck my collection of books:\\n\\nStress from Qi Stagnation – Signs of Stress\\n\\nYang Deficiency – Get Your Fire Burning\\n\\nYin Deficiency – Burnout and Exhaustion: What to Do!\\n\\nYuck! Phlegm! How to Clear Your Phlegm\\n\\n * Tags: Top, Yin\\n\\n * Categories: Liver Energy, Syndromes, Theory, Yin and Yang, Zangfu\\n\\n## Related Articles\\n\\nBlood\\n\\n### Oketsu and TCM – Chinese medicine\\n\\nOketsu, from Japanese acupuncture, describes problems from portal vein\\ncongestion and blood stagnation that need urgent treatment.\\n\\nRead More »\\n\\nEducation\\n\\n### Lockdown, Yin and Yang Covid Rules\\n\\nTrapped in static yin lockdown? How to reduce yin and use yang to alleviate\\nmisery! It’s your choice and your opportunity!\\n\\nRead More »\\n\\n8 Principles\\n\\n### High Blood Pressure – Hypertension\\n\\nHigh blood pressure – hypertension: understand it with yin and yang to get the\\nright treatment. Excess yang or deficient yin?\\n\\nRead More »\\n\\nPoints and Channels\\n\\n### Spleen 3 – Taibai – Supreme White\\n\\nAs source point Spleen 3 strengthens your Spleen so enhances your digestion,\\nenergy and Blood and helps to clear or disperse Damp.\\n\\nRead More »\\n\\nGallbladder channel\\n\\n### Gallbladder 34 – Yanglingquan – Yang Mound Spring\\n\\nGallbladder 34, yanglingquan clears Damp-Heat and soothes and steadies the\\ntendons. Great for many kinds of arthritis and aching wandering pains.\\n\\nRead More »\\n\\n### Spleen 9 – Yinlingquan – Yin Mound Spring\\n\\nSpleen 9, yinlingquan, is a major point for conditions caused by Damp, so\\nhelps urinary problems, ascites, oedema and general swelling.\\n\\nRead More »\\n\\n## Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nSubscribe to the Newsletter\\n\\nIf you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can\\nimprove your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\\n\\nSubscribe to the Newsletter\\n\\nIf you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can\\nimprove your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\\n\\nBLOG\\n\\n * Theory\\n * Nutrition and Food\\n * Energy\\n * Points and Channels\\n * Yin and Yang\\n\\nGet Started\\n\\n * About Jonathan\\n * Top Articles\\n * Books\\n * Video Consultation\\n * Consultation in Clinic\\n\\nImportant\\n\\n * Testimonials\\n * Data protection Policy\\n * Our Privacy Policy\\n * Patient Data Form\\n * Disclaimer\\n\\nwww.acupuncture-points.org is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC\\nAssociates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a\\nmeans for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to\\nproducts on Amazon.com. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of\\nAmazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates.\\n\\n© 2020 All rights reserved\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417151111/https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"7 Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain Naturally\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Pain in the foot can be caused due to a lot of strain on the feet, too much of sitting or standing, repetitive motions and fatigue. There are many different treatments that you can try to experience relief from these pains. One of the best methods to cure ankle and foot pain is the Chinese medicine-acupressure. The acupressure points will release endorphins which will help in reducing the pains. You can access these pressure points by yourself or you can ask a friend to help you. These pressure points will definitely help in relaxation of the foot muscles.\",\n \"Mostly pressure on the feet will affect the ankles. Pain in the ankles is sometimes unbearable. To relieve the stress and pain in the feet and the ankles try these simple pressure point techniques.\",\n \"This acupressure point will help to relieve ankle sprains, sciatic pain, swelling and other kinds of ankle joint problems. It can also relieve you from frustration, irritation and will help in making wise and good decisions. This acupressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle bone. It is in the large hollow beside the ankle bone. With the help of your index finger press this point, release after every 30 seconds. Press the point for 30 seconds and then apply more pressure for the next 30 seconds. Do this for 8 minutes. You need to breathe deeply while doing this.\",\n \"This pressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle. It will help to relieve swollen ankles, stiffness around the ankle and other kinds of ankle pain. Place your thumbs 1cm away from the ankle. You need to apply pressure with both the thumbs on both the pressure points simultaneously. Do this for 2 minutes every day for better results.\",\n \"This pressure point will help to relieve thigh pain, lower back pain, rheumatism in the foot joints, swollen feet and ankle pains. You need to place your thumb between the outer ankle bone and the Achilles tendon. Press this point for 5 minutes by releasing the pressure after 30 seconds. You will experience great relief by following this procedure at night every day. You can even try this twice or thrice every day to experience faster relief. Pressing this point with pressure will cause your muscles to relax. It will increase the blood flow in your feet. You need to repeat the same procedure with the other leg as well.\",\n \"This point can be found in the indentation directly below the outer ankle bone. This hollow is a pressure point which will help to relieve insomnia, ankle pain, heel pain and other general foot pains. Hold this point with the help of your index finger and massage it in circular motions. You will experience relief from all the mentioned problems within a few weeks.\",\n \"You will find this pressure point right in the middle of the wrist line. Place your thumb in the centre of your wrist and apply pressure continuously for two minutes. This point will help in the reduction of ankle pain and other kinds of ankle problems. You need to follow this procedure every day and make sure you don’t press this point too hard.\",\n \"This pressure point is located on the upper side of the wrist; you will find a prominent bone on this side. It is shown as point B in the given picture. Press this point for 4 minutes. This point will help to reduce the pain on your feet and ankle.\",\n \"This massage will help to reduce pain and swelling in the ankle. It will also help to boost the energy in your feet. Place your thumbs on the hollow under the ankle on the inner side. Press this hollow point continuously for 4 to 5 minutes. Thumb walk this area for another 2 minutes. This massage will stimulate all the pressure points in this area and it will relax your feet muscles to the maximum. You need to rub gently and find sore areas near your ankle. These sore areas need to be focused on more. This great massage will give you relief instantly.\",\n \"Though feet and ankle pain is common it should not be neglected. If left untreated, this pain can increase and also weaken your bones. You need to take very good care of your feet as they carry your weight. In case you have severe or stinging pain in your feet get it checked by a Doctor. Do not try these acupressure points in case you have a fracture in the bone or rupture in the muscle.\",\n \"You can also soak your feet in a warm tub of water. This will relax your feet muscles and maximize the effect of these points. Avoid straining your feet and staying in one particular posture for a long time. Take care of yourself and stay healthy.\",\n \"Devi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil Nadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief advisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on all the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on. A holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic practices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of knowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She believes in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay calm and practice Reflexology.\",\n \"Thanks for the above points. It will help me a lot if you have given it’s Chinese name and/or its meridian number. More power to you.\",\n \"a picture along with the point would help...it’s not clear (especially first one) which point you’re talking about. Or please give the point number\",\n \"Hi Bipasha, Could you guide me to treat the testrone count and the platelets count (spleen) and also bloated stomach. I have browsed through the Internet but none has elaborated on these things. Looking forward for a reply. Thanks Regards Nona\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"7 Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain Naturally\\n\\nTop Posts\\n\\nAcupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\\n\\n6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\\n\\n6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\\n\\n8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For...\\n\\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\\n\\nTop 8 Acupressure Points for Treating Acne Naturally...\\n\\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Sports Related Injury\\n\\n5 Helpful Acupressure Points for Postoperative Pain Relief\\n\\nEffective Acupuncture Therapy for Acute Ulcerative Colitis Disease\\n\\nHow Acupuncture is Helpful in Treating Nocturnal Enuresis...\\n\\nHome Acupressure Points 7 Most Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain\\n\\nAcupressure Points\\n\\n# 7 Most Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain\\n\\nby Devi Gajendran November 19, 2013\\n\\nwritten by Devi Gajendran November 19, 2013\\n\\nPain in the foot can be caused due to a lot of strain on the feet, too much of\\nsitting or standing, repetitive motions and fatigue. There are many different\\ntreatments that you can try to experience relief from these pains. One of the\\nbest methods to cure ankle and foot pain is the Chinese medicine-acupressure.\\nThe acupressure points will release endorphins which will help in reducing the\\npains. You can access these pressure points by yourself or you can ask a\\nfriend to help you. These pressure points will definitely help in relaxation\\nof the foot muscles.\\n\\nMostly pressure on the feet will affect the ankles. Pain in the ankles is\\nsometimes unbearable. To relieve the stress and pain in the feet and the\\nankles try these simple pressure point techniques.\\n\\n#### Acupressure points (hollow)\\n\\nThis acupressure point will help to relieve ankle sprains, sciatic pain,\\nswelling and other kinds of ankle joint problems. It can also relieve you from\\nfrustration, irritation and will help in making wise and good decisions. This\\nacupressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle bone. It is in\\nthe large hollow beside the ankle bone. With the help of your index finger\\npress this point, release after every 30 seconds. Press the point for 30\\nseconds and then apply more pressure for the next 30 seconds. Do this for 8\\nminutes. You need to breathe deeply while doing this.\\n\\n#### Illuminated Sea\\n\\nThis pressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle. It will help\\nto relieve swollen ankles, stiffness around the ankle and other kinds of ankle\\npain. Place your thumbs 1cm away from the ankle. You need to apply pressure\\nwith both the thumbs on both the pressure points simultaneously. Do this for 2\\nminutes every day for better results.\\n\\n#### High Mountains\\n\\nThis pressure point will help to relieve thigh pain, lower back pain,\\nrheumatism in the foot joints, swollen feet and ankle pains. You need to place\\nyour thumb between the outer ankle bone and the Achilles tendon. Press this\\npoint for 5 minutes by releasing the pressure after 30 seconds. You will\\nexperience great relief by following this procedure at night every day. You\\ncan even try this twice or thrice every day to experience faster relief.\\nPressing this point with pressure will cause your muscles to relax. It will\\nincrease the blood flow in your feet. You need to repeat the same procedure\\nwith the other leg as well.\\n\\n#### Calm Sleep\\n\\nThis point can be found in the indentation directly below the outer ankle\\nbone. This hollow is a pressure point which will help to relieve insomnia,\\nankle pain, heel pain and other general foot pains. Hold this point with the\\nhelp of your index finger and massage it in circular motions. You will\\nexperience relief from all the mentioned problems within a few weeks.\\n\\n#### Wrist Point\\n\\nYou will find this pressure point right in the middle of the wrist line. Place\\nyour thumb in the centre of your wrist and apply pressure continuously for two\\nminutes. This point will help in the reduction of ankle pain and other kinds\\nof ankle problems. You need to follow this procedure every day and make sure\\nyou don’t press this point too hard.\\n\\n#### Wrist Bone\\n\\nThis pressure point is located on the upper side of the wrist; you will find a\\nprominent bone on this side. It is shown as point B in the given picture.\\nPress this point for 4 minutes. This point will help to reduce the pain on\\nyour feet and ankle.\\n\\n#### Ankle Massage\\n\\nThis massage will help to reduce pain and swelling in the ankle. It will also\\nhelp to boost the energy in your feet. Place your thumbs on the hollow under\\nthe ankle on the inner side. Press this hollow point continuously for 4 to 5\\nminutes. Thumb walk this area for another 2 minutes. This massage will\\nstimulate all the pressure points in this area and it will relax your feet\\nmuscles to the maximum. You need to rub gently and find sore areas near your\\nankle. These sore areas need to be focused on more. This great massage will\\ngive you relief instantly.\\n\\nThough feet and ankle pain is common it should not be neglected. If left\\nuntreated, this pain can increase and also weaken your bones. You need to take\\nvery good care of your feet as they carry your weight. In case you have severe\\nor stinging pain in your feet get it checked by a Doctor. Do not try these\\nacupressure points in case you have a fracture in the bone or rupture in the\\nmuscle.\\n\\nYou can also soak your feet in a warm tub of water. This will relax your feet\\nmuscles and maximize the effect of these points. Avoid straining your feet and\\nstaying in one particular posture for a long time. Take care of yourself and\\nstay healthy.\\n\\n6 comments\\n\\n0\\n\\nFacebookTwitterPinterestEmail\\n\\n##### Devi Gajendran\\n\\nDevi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil\\nNadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief\\nadvisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on\\nall the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on.\\nA holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic\\npractices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of\\nknowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She\\nbelieves in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay\\ncalm and practice Reflexology.\\n\\nprevious post\\n\\n##### Reflexology Massages to Cure Skin Disorders – 5 Most Important Points\\n\\nnext post\\n\\n##### 8 Best Acupressure Points to Relieve Asthma\\n\\n#### You may also like\\n\\n### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\\n\\nMarch 31, 2021\\n\\n### Top 8 Acupressure Points for Treating Acne Naturally...\\n\\nAugust 18, 2019\\n\\n### 5 Helpful Acupressure Points for Postoperative Pain Relief\\n\\nJuly 20, 2019\\n\\n### Best Acupressure Points to Treat Pneumonia Symptoms\\n\\nJune 15, 2019\\n\\n### Effective Acupressure Points to Relieve Bronchitis\\n\\nJune 8, 2019\\n\\n### How to Stop Motion Sickness With Acupressure Points\\n\\nApril 16, 2019\\n\\n### 5 Acupressure Points To Get Relief from Scleroderma...\\n\\nMarch 27, 2019\\n\\n### 7 Acupressure Points for Reducing Gum Disease\\n\\nMarch 15, 2019\\n\\n### 7 Effective Acupressure Points for Curing Goiter Problem\\n\\nFebruary 18, 2019\\n\\n### 4 Acupressure Points to Treat Sciatica Pain –...\\n\\nFebruary 4, 2019\\n\\n#### 6 comments\\n\\nRose November 19, 2014 - 11:46 AM\\n\\nThanks for the above points. It will help me a lot if you have given it’s\\nChinese name and/or its meridian number. More power to you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nBipasha Mukherjee March 20, 2015 - 4:56 PM\\n\\nWe will try to provide the Chinese names as well.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nPurnima Singh November 21, 2014 - 9:24 AM\\n\\nI need cure for obsessive eating disorder\\n\\nReply\\n\\nRhiza May 25, 2015 - 8:05 AM\\n\\na picture along with the point would help...it’s not clear (especially first\\none) which point you’re talking about. Or please give the point number\\n\\nReply\\n\\nD.SENTHIL KUMAR May 25, 2015 - 2:49 PM\\n\\nTHIS ACUPRESSURE POINTS IS VERY USEFUL FOR REDUCE MY BACK PAIN. THANK YOU FOR\\nYOUR KIND SERVICE\\n\\nReply\\n\\nNona September 26, 2015 - 11:36 PM\\n\\nHi Bipasha, Could you guide me to treat the testrone count and the platelets\\ncount (spleen) and also bloated stomach. I have browsed through the Internet\\nbut none has elaborated on these things. Looking forward for a reply. Thanks\\nRegards Nona\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Comment Cancel Reply\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\n#### Recent Posts\\n\\n * #### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\\n\\n * #### 6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\\n\\n * #### 6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\\n\\n * #### 8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For Tourette’s Syndrome (TS)\\n\\n * #### Effective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\\n\\n#### Connect with Modern Reflexology\\n\\n#### Popular Posts\\n\\n * 1\\n\\n#### 12 Potent Acupressure Points to Cure Vertigo, Dizziness, and Fainting\\n\\n * 2\\n\\n#### 10 Potent Acupressure Points to Treat Swelling, Water Retention, and\\nEdema\\n\\n * 3\\n\\n#### 9 Best Acupressure Points to Treat Digestive Problems\\n\\n * 4\\n\\n#### 12 Effective Acupressure Points to Relieve Hip and Lower Back Pain\\n\\n * 5\\n\\n#### 4 Acupressure Points to Treat Sciatica Pain – Largest Nerve\\n\\n#### Categories\\n\\n#### Random Posts\\n\\n * #### Reflexology Massages to Cure Skin Disorders – 5 Most Important Points\\n\\n * #### Benefits of Using Acupressure Mats for Natural Pain Relief – Reflexology\\n\\n * #### 8 Signs of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and 11 Benefits of Acupuncture Treatment\\n\\n#### Popular Posts – Reflexology\\n\\n * #### How to Get Relief from Nausea with Acupressure Points\\n\\n * #### Do Reflexology Massages Really Work? – Why Are They So Important?\\n\\n * #### The Difference Between the Treatment Approaches of Reflexology and Reiki\\n\\n#### you may also like\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Instagram\\n * Pinterest\\n\\n * Home\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy – ModernReflexology\\n\\n@2021 - All Right Reserved.\\n\\nBack To Top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210226073808/https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Mary McMahon Date: January 29, 2021It is believed that a reflexology massage to the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.\",\n \"Acupressure and reflexology are both bodywork techniques which involve applying pressure to specific points on the body for the purpose of addressing health complaints, but these techniques are radically different. Acupressure involves the whole body, and it has thousands of years of tradition in Asia behind it, while reflexology involves primarily the feet, and it was developed in the 20th century.\",\n \"Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\",\n \"Acupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). While practitioners in the West may offer acupressure independently as a form of therapeutic bodywork, traditionally in Asia it is offered as part of an array of options, combined with prescriptions for herbs and consultations about diet and lifestyle. Practitioners of acupressure believe that by targeting specific points on the body, they are encouraging the flow of chi, or life force; since health conditions are supposed to be caused by an imbalance of chi, acupressure is used to correct that imbalance to make the patient feel better.\",\n \"Reflexology is believed to date back to ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphics reveal that medical practitioners worked on hands and feet of patients as a treatment. Modern reflexology was first used by Dr. William Fitzgerald, Dr.Shelby Riley and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham in the early 1900s. Dr. William Fitzgerald realized through his practice as an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist that applying pressure on specific zones and points reduced pain and helped treat underlying conditions. Dr. Shelby Riley expanded on this work and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham developed the theory that reflex points on the feet correlate to specific organs of the body. Modern practitioners of reflexology apply these findings in manipulation of the feet, and to a lesser degree, the hands and ears, to improve health.\",\n \"From the point of view of the client, acupressure and reflexology may appear very similar. However, from the point of view of the practitioner, the techniques are quite different. Both are rooted in Asian tradition. However, reflexology practitioners tap into the flow of chi by manipulating the feet whereas in reflexology, pressure points are believed to improve the function of specific organs. In addition, practitioners generally work on these techniques exclusively and the pressure points in reflexology are different from those used in acupressure.\",\n \"For clients who are interested in exploring non-invasive forms of bodywork, reflexology can sometimes be a good way to start. It is very relaxing, and it doesn't involve contact in any areas of the body which might feel awkward, such as the stomach. If clients like reflexology, they can also experiment with acupressure, which covers the whole body; if acupressure is performed by a TCM practitioner, the client will also receive a clinical consultation along with recommendations for herbs and other treatments to address underlying health problems. Both techniques are generally suited for all although pregnant women should consult with their doctor before undergoing either treatment.\",\n \"Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\",\n \"Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\",\n \"Reflexology dates back over 5000 years to Egypt, Thailand and India. Dr. William Fitzgerald began using Reflexology for anaesthetic purposes in 1910, and then Eunice Ingham (the mother of Reflexology) introduced it to the western medical community in 1970. Reflexology also involves the whole body by practicing on the reflex points on the feet, hands, face and ears. If you are interested in Reflexology, talk to a reflexology practitioner for more information.\",\n \"I have suffered from migraines for years and tried about every medications and alternative treatment out there. Reflexology was my last attempt. I really didn't know if it was all hype, or if it would actually work, but it did. I have fewer migraines now, and when I do get one, it doesn't last as long.\",\n \"My family doctor told me it was fine to continue with the reflexology as long as long as it helps.\",\n \"How strange. I actually prefer acupressure treatments over reflexology treatments. The reflexology pressure points don't really do it for me. I mean, it's an awesome foot or hand massage, but it doesn't have any long-lasting effects for me.\",\n \"On the other hand, an hour-long acupressure session feels great and afterwards I don't have any pain in my left elbow, my problem area, for weeks and weeks. I guess some of us take better to reflexology than acupressure and vice versa.\",\n \"Me too! I have had hand reflexology services performed at least a dozen times for my migraine headache problem. Recently, I decided to have whole-body acupressure treatments instead. Well, I have to say that I felt really relaxed throughout the treatment, but when it was over the effects of it started to fade immediately.\",\n \"I suffered from fibromyalgia for almost 7 years so I have had several reflexology and acupressure treatments. The pressure points are completely different and the techniques can vary widely according to the practitioner.\",\n \"While they were both beneficial to my condition, I found that reflexology had the greater impact on my health. As weird as this may sound, I found that if a smaller area of my body was manipulated a larger area of my body found more, longer-lasting pain relief.\",\n \"Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\",\n \"Acupressure and acupuncture use the concept of a meridian to locate and treat issues throughout the body, while reflexology focuses only on the feet.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?\\n\\nClear answers for common questions\\n\\n# What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?\\n\\n###### Join the Community\\n\\nFollow @wiseGEEK\\n\\nMary McMahon Last Modified Date: January 29, 2021\\n\\nMary McMahon Date: January 29, 2021It is believed that a reflexology massage\\nto the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.\\n\\nAcupressure and reflexology are both bodywork techniques which involve\\napplying pressure to specific points on the body for the purpose of addressing\\nhealth complaints, but these techniques are radically different. Acupressure\\ninvolves the whole body, and it has thousands of years of tradition in Asia\\nbehind it, while reflexology involves primarily the feet, and it was developed\\nin the 20th century.\\n\\nAcupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line\\nthat runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\\n\\nAcupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).\\nWhile practitioners in the West may offer acupressure independently as a form\\nof therapeutic bodywork, traditionally in Asia it is offered as part of an\\narray of options, combined with prescriptions for herbs and consultations\\nabout diet and lifestyle. Practitioners of acupressure believe that by\\ntargeting specific points on the body, they are encouraging the flow of chi,\\nor life force; since health conditions are supposed to be caused by an\\nimbalance of chi, acupressure is used to correct that imbalance to make the\\npatient feel better.\\n\\nReflexology is considered a non-invasive form of bodywork.\\n\\nReflexology is believed to date back to ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphics reveal\\nthat medical practitioners worked on hands and feet of patients as a\\ntreatment. Modern reflexology was first used by Dr. William Fitzgerald,\\nDr.Shelby Riley and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham in the early 1900s. Dr. William\\nFitzgerald realized through his practice as an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist\\nthat applying pressure on specific zones and points reduced pain and helped\\ntreat underlying conditions. Dr. Shelby Riley expanded on this work and Dr.\\nEunice D. Ingham developed the theory that reflex points on the feet correlate\\nto specific organs of the body. Modern practitioners of reflexology apply\\nthese findings in manipulation of the feet, and to a lesser degree, the hands\\nand ears, to improve health.\\n\\nIs Amazon actually giving you the best price? This little known plugin reveals\\nthe answer.\\n\\nReflexology can be used to treat migraines.\\n\\nFrom the point of view of the client, acupressure and reflexology may appear\\nvery similar. However, from the point of view of the practitioner, the\\ntechniques are quite different. Both are rooted in Asian tradition. However,\\nreflexology practitioners tap into the flow of chi by manipulating the feet\\nwhereas in reflexology, pressure points are believed to improve the function\\nof specific organs. In addition, practitioners generally work on these\\ntechniques exclusively and the pressure points in reflexology are different\\nfrom those used in acupressure.\\n\\nAcupressure is similar to acupuncture but uses no needles.\\n\\nFor clients who are interested in exploring non-invasive forms of bodywork,\\nreflexology can sometimes be a good way to start. It is very relaxing, and it\\ndoesn't involve contact in any areas of the body which might feel awkward,\\nsuch as the stomach. If clients like reflexology, they can also experiment\\nwith acupressure, which covers the whole body; if acupressure is performed by\\na TCM practitioner, the client will also receive a clinical consultation along\\nwith recommendations for herbs and other treatments to address underlying\\nhealth problems. Both techniques are generally suited for all although\\npregnant women should consult with their doctor before undergoing either\\ntreatment.\\n\\nMary McMahon\\n\\nEver since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has\\nembraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer.\\nMary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time\\nreading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\\n\\nMary McMahon\\n\\nEver since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has\\nembraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer.\\nMary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time\\nreading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\\n\\n## You might also Like\\n\\n## Recommended\\n\\n## Readers Also Love\\n\\n## Related wiseGEEK Articles\\n\\n * What Are the Benefits of Acupressure for Feet?\\n * What is Zone Therapy?\\n * What is Jin Shin Jyutsu?\\n * What is Tapas Acupressure Technique?\\n\\n## Discussion Comments\\n\\nanon995844 June 1, 2016\\n\\nReflexology dates back over 5000 years to Egypt, Thailand and India. Dr.\\nWilliam Fitzgerald began using Reflexology for anaesthetic purposes in 1910,\\nand then Eunice Ingham (the mother of Reflexology) introduced it to the\\nwestern medical community in 1970. Reflexology also involves the whole body by\\npracticing on the reflex points on the feet, hands, face and ears. If you are\\ninterested in Reflexology, talk to a reflexology practitioner for more\\ninformation.\\n\\nQuirkyMango October 31, 2014\\n\\nI have suffered from migraines for years and tried about every medications and\\nalternative treatment out there. Reflexology was my last attempt. I really\\ndidn't know if it was all hype, or if it would actually work, but it did. I\\nhave fewer migraines now, and when I do get one, it doesn't last as long.\\n\\nMy family doctor told me it was fine to continue with the reflexology as long\\nas long as it helps.\\n\\nBouncingKiwi October 30, 2014\\n\\nHow strange. I actually prefer acupressure treatments over reflexology\\ntreatments. The reflexology pressure points don't really do it for me. I mean,\\nit's an awesome foot or hand massage, but it doesn't have any long-lasting\\neffects for me.\\n\\nOn the other hand, an hour-long acupressure session feels great and afterwards\\nI don't have any pain in my left elbow, my problem area, for weeks and weeks.\\nI guess some of us take better to reflexology than acupressure and vice versa.\\n\\nRobottom October 29, 2014\\n\\nMe too! I have had hand reflexology services performed at least a dozen times\\nfor my migraine headache problem. Recently, I decided to have whole-body\\nacupressure treatments instead. Well, I have to say that I felt really relaxed\\nthroughout the treatment, but when it was over the effects of it started to\\nfade immediately.\\n\\nShaneGang October 29, 2014\\n\\nI suffered from fibromyalgia for almost 7 years so I have had several\\nreflexology and acupressure treatments. The pressure points are completely\\ndifferent and the techniques can vary widely according to the practitioner.\\n\\nWhile they were both beneficial to my condition, I found that reflexology had\\nthe greater impact on my health. As weird as this may sound, I found that if a\\nsmaller area of my body was manipulated a larger area of my body found more,\\nlonger-lasting pain relief.\\n\\n###### Post your comments\\n\\n📦Amazon Doesn't Want You to Know About This Plugin\\n\\nLearn about a little known plugin that tells you if you're getting the best\\nprice on Amazon.\\n\\n04\\n\\nMinutes\\n\\n00\\n\\nSeconds\\n\\n * It is believed that a reflexology massage to the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.\\n * Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\\n * Reflexology is considered a non-invasive form of bodywork.\\n * Reflexology can be used to treat migraines.\\n * Acupressure is similar to acupuncture but uses no needles.\\n * Pressure points may be found on the hands and can correspond to different organs.\\n * Acupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine.\\n * Acupressure and acupuncture use the concept of a meridian to locate and treat issues throughout the body, while reflexology focuses only on the feet.\\n\\nClear answers for common questions\\n\\nCopyright 2003 - 2021 Conjecture Corporation\\n\\nFollow @wiseGEEK\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170711174324/https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to apply acupressure\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Acupressure (sometimes written as \\\"accupressure\\\") is a technique related to acupuncture, where the energies of the body are regulated by manipulating points on the body. This has effects on the emotions, tension and physical conditions.\",\n \"There are two ways that acupressure points are manipulated: pressing (reinforcing) and reducing them. Most are probably familiar with the first, but not with the second method.\",\n \"To press points, use something blunt. Usually the fingers are used to press, but I find that for many points the fingers may be a bit too thick, so you'd have to press quite long and firmly. Ideal would be something 3 to 4 mm thick, like a (preferably used) pencil eraser that's on the other side of a pencil. Some points can be pressed using a fingernail.\",\n \"Pressing points for less than half a second can already have a distinguishable effect. So for just trying out a point you could press it only briefly. To get a full effect however, pressure should be applied for at least half a minute, but preferably longer. One to two minutes should do.\",\n \"To reduce a point, turn a finger over it in counter-clockwise direction, also for one to two minutes. (What happens when you do this is explained in \\\"What manipulation of points brings about.\\\") Clicking on the picture of points that need to be reduced displays a video showing how this is performed (clicking again stops the video).\",\n \"I think it's a good idea not to get into the habit of doing the same points every day. Do them when you feel you need them, don't overdo it. Pay attention to what effects points have on you.\",\n \"If you're weakened (from age, disease or whatever), be sure to not reduce points more often then necessary. You could also additionally press these points for a few seconds.\",\n \"You may not be pressing on the exact right spot (acupuncture points are about 0.5 mm diameter, so you'll have to be precise). Try different spots around the location you first tried.\",\n \"You shouldn't press lightly, but you shouldn't hurt yourself either. Also, don't press for just a few seconds (although if you're very sensitive you might already notice effects then).\",\n \"To feel if acupressure is working (for knowing that the location of the point is accurate), I usually sense what's happening in my face. Almost all points in the list on this site have some effect here. Many of the points also have some subtle effect on the quality of vision. You may see more clearly and more colors. Meditation will develop your ability to feel the effects.\",\n \"If you're using a point quite often, or if you don't need a point, the effect may become very little or unnoticeable.\",\n \"If you're tense, you may not feel much, although usually you'll become less tense by using the techniques on this site.\",\n \"To be able to use information from other sources for locating points, you'll need to know what the \\\"cun\\\" is.\",\n \"The \\\"cun\\\" is the standard unit of measurement for the body used in acupuncture. As everyone's body has different dimensions, it is defined according to the person whose body is to be treated.\",\n \"1 cun = width of the thumb, in the middle, at the crease 3 cun = combined breadth of the 4 fingers, at the level of the pinky finger's first joint above the palm of the hand 12 cun = the distance from the elbow crease to the wrist crease.\",\n \"Acupuncture points can be manipulated in various ways. To keep things simple, acupressure books usually just mention pressing the points.\",\n \"If you've ever seen an acupuncturist you may have noticed that he will turn needles after inserting them or do other manipulations. Acupuncturists also apply heat by burning stuff called \\\"moxa\\\" or using a laser, or apply electric currents.\",\n \"By simply pressing a point, you are reinforcing it. You, thereby, increase energy in areas that the point influences. Reducing a point is actually not the opposite of reinforcing it. By reducing, you remove a blockage of energy. A blockage may be felt as tension, pain or heat. Energy accumulates there, which starts moving again after removing the blockage. So if you reduce a point after you reinforced it, you get reinforcement and removal of energy blockage. They don't cancel each other out.\",\n \"In acupressure, you can reduce a point by continually moving a finger counterclockwise over it. An acupuncturist will turn his needle immediately after insertion.\",\n \"It's also possible to apply heat to a point to warm it. This is an advanced technique that may injure your energy system, so it's best to stay away from this.\",\n \"As for using needles, I've tried that, but have been discouraged to continue using them by both an acupuncturist and a healer. The acupuncturist thought it was dangerous because you can damage tissue, and difficult as you can't access points that well yourself. You may damage blood vessels, nerves, tendons or bone, which can all be quite painful. On the breast or shoulders, you may puncture the lung.\",\n \"On an energetic level, the fear that comes with using needles on yourself may damage the First Chakra. This may worsen your problems.\",\n \"I found that I feel more clearly what's happening in my body from acupressure than from acupuncture, whether administered by a licensed acupuncturist or by myself.\",\n \"I devised a safe and effective way to press acupuncture points for an extended period of time. I use adhesive tape for use on skin to press ball-bearing balls on points. It doesn't work with all points (e.g. it does not work well for ST-36, the point beneath the knees) but for many it's quite good.\",\n \"The metal balls I use are 4 mm diameter and I apply nylon rings (also bought at a hardware store) on top of them to supply a larger surface to the tape. The inside diameter of the nylon rings should be 3 mm. Perhaps you could also use the more common metal rings, but for some indefinite reason I prefer the nylon variety. The rings avoid bulging and thus press the ball a bit deeper into the skin.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to apply acupressure\\n\\n≡ Menu\\n\\nChakras\\n\\nAcupressure\\n\\nExercises\\n\\nEnneagram\\n\\nI Ching\\n\\nEgo\\n\\nAcupressure\\n\\n#### Acupressure\\n\\nHow to Index All points\\n\\n#### Background Info\\n\\nEmotions\\n\\nde nl\\n\\n#### Elsewhere\\n\\nBooks Links\\n\\n#### Buy\\n\\nBuy all articles in one file\\n\\nWritten by © Ewald Berkers\\n\\n# How to apply acupressure\\n\\n * What is acupressure?\\n\\n * Acupressure techniques: Pressing and reducing points\\n * Feeling if it works\\n * Using information from other sources (\\\"cun\\\")\\n * What manipulation of points brings about\\n * Why you shouldn't use needles\\n * Using little balls and tape\\n\\n## What is acupressure?\\n\\nAcupressure (sometimes written as \\\"accupressure\\\") is a technique related to\\nacupuncture, where the energies of the body are regulated by manipulating\\npoints on the body. This has effects on the emotions, tension and physical\\nconditions.\\n\\nThe points are commonly called \\\"acupuncture points,\\\" \\\"pressure points,\\\"\\n\\\"acupoints\\\" or \\\"acupressure points.\\\"\\n\\n## Acupressure techniques: Pressing and reducing points\\n\\nThere are two ways that acupressure points are manipulated: pressing\\n(reinforcing) and reducing them. Most are probably familiar with the first,\\nbut not with the second method.\\n\\nTo press points, use something blunt. Usually the fingers are used to press,\\nbut I find that for many points the fingers may be a bit too thick, so you'd\\nhave to press quite long and firmly. Ideal would be something 3 to 4 mm thick,\\nlike a (preferably used) pencil eraser that's on the other side of a pencil.\\nSome points can be pressed using a fingernail.\\n\\nPressing points for less than half a second can already have a distinguishable\\neffect. So for just trying out a point you could press it only briefly. To get\\na full effect however, pressure should be applied for at least half a minute,\\nbut preferably longer. One to two minutes should do.\\n\\nTo reduce a point, turn a finger over it in counter-clockwise direction, also\\nfor one to two minutes. (What happens when you do this is explained in \\\"What\\nmanipulation of points brings about.\\\") Clicking on the picture of points that\\nneed to be reduced displays a video showing how this is performed (clicking\\nagain stops the video).\\n\\nI think it's a good idea not to get into the habit of doing the same points\\nevery day. Do them when you feel you need them, don't overdo it. Pay attention\\nto what effects points have on you.\\n\\nIf you're weakened (from age, disease or whatever), be sure to not reduce\\npoints more often then necessary. You could also additionally press these\\npoints for a few seconds.\\n\\nDo a point on both sides of the body.\\n\\n[Top of page]\\n\\n## Feeling if it works\\n\\nWhen you are not feeling any effects from pressing points, several things may\\nbe the case.\\n\\nYou may not be pressing on the exact right spot (acupuncture points are about\\n0.5 mm diameter, so you'll have to be precise). Try different spots around the\\nlocation you first tried.\\n\\nYou shouldn't press lightly, but you shouldn't hurt yourself either. Also,\\ndon't press for just a few seconds (although if you're very sensitive you\\nmight already notice effects then).\\n\\nTo feel if acupressure is working (for knowing that the location of the point\\nis accurate), I usually sense what's happening in my face. Almost all points\\nin the list on this site have some effect here. Many of the points also have\\nsome subtle effect on the quality of vision. You may see more clearly and more\\ncolors. Meditation will develop your ability to feel the effects.\\n\\nIf you're using a point quite often, or if you don't need a point, the effect\\nmay become very little or unnoticeable.\\n\\nIf you're tense, you may not feel much, although usually you'll become less\\ntense by using the techniques on this site.\\n\\n[Top of page]\\n\\n## Using information from other sources (\\\"cun\\\")\\n\\nTo be able to use information from other sources for locating points, you'll\\nneed to know what the \\\"cun\\\" is.\\n\\nThe \\\"cun\\\" is the standard unit of measurement for the body used in\\nacupuncture. As everyone's body has different dimensions, it is defined\\naccording to the person whose body is to be treated.\\n\\n1 cun = width of the thumb, in the middle, at the crease 3 cun = combined\\nbreadth of the 4 fingers, at the level of the pinky finger's first joint above\\nthe palm of the hand 12 cun = the distance from the elbow crease to the wrist\\ncrease.\\n\\n[Top of page]\\n\\n## What manipulation of points brings about\\n\\nAcupuncture points can be manipulated in various ways. To keep things simple,\\nacupressure books usually just mention pressing the points.\\n\\nIf you've ever seen an acupuncturist you may have noticed that he will turn\\nneedles after inserting them or do other manipulations. Acupuncturists also\\napply heat by burning stuff called \\\"moxa\\\" or using a laser, or apply electric\\ncurrents.\\n\\nBy simply pressing a point, you are reinforcing it. You, thereby, increase\\nenergy in areas that the point influences. Reducing a point is actually not\\nthe opposite of reinforcing it. By reducing, you remove a blockage of energy.\\nA blockage may be felt as tension, pain or heat. Energy accumulates there,\\nwhich starts moving again after removing the blockage. So if you reduce a\\npoint after you reinforced it, you get reinforcement and removal of energy\\nblockage. They don't cancel each other out.\\n\\nIn acupressure, you can reduce a point by continually moving a finger\\ncounterclockwise over it. An acupuncturist will turn his needle immediately\\nafter insertion.\\n\\nIt's also possible to apply heat to a point to warm it. This is an advanced\\ntechnique that may injure your energy system, so it's best to stay away from\\nthis.\\n\\n[Top of page]\\n\\n## Why you shouldn't use needles\\n\\nAs for using needles, I've tried that, but have been discouraged to continue\\nusing them by both an acupuncturist and a healer. The acupuncturist thought it\\nwas dangerous because you can damage tissue, and difficult as you can't access\\npoints that well yourself. You may damage blood vessels, nerves, tendons or\\nbone, which can all be quite painful. On the breast or shoulders, you may\\npuncture the lung.\\n\\nOn an energetic level, the fear that comes with using needles on yourself may\\ndamage the First Chakra. This may worsen your problems.\\n\\nUsing needles as an amateur may not even be legal.\\n\\nI found that I feel more clearly what's happening in my body from acupressure\\nthan from acupuncture, whether administered by a licensed acupuncturist or by\\nmyself.\\n\\n[Top of page]\\n\\n## Using little balls and tape\\n\\nI devised a safe and effective way to press acupuncture points for an extended\\nperiod of time. I use adhesive tape for use on skin to press ball-bearing\\nballs on points. It doesn't work with all points (e.g. it does not work well\\nfor ST-36, the point beneath the knees) but for many it's quite good.\\n\\nThe metal balls I use are 4 mm diameter and I apply nylon rings (also bought\\nat a hardware store) on top of them to supply a larger surface to the tape.\\nThe inside diameter of the nylon rings should be 3 mm. Perhaps you could also\\nuse the more common metal rings, but for some indefinite reason I prefer the\\nnylon variety. The rings avoid bulging and thus press the ball a bit deeper\\ninto the skin.\\n\\nKeeping the balls in place for 5 - 30 minutes should do.\\n\\nA similar method is sometimes used for ear acupuncture. Little seeds are then\\ntaped to the ear.\\n\\n[Top of page]\\n\\n#### You might also be interested in these books about acupressure at Amazon\\n\\nAcupressure's Potent Points, by Michael Reed Gach A Guide to Self-Care for\\nCommon Ailments\\n\\nInstructions on how to treat common disorders with acupressure. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nAcupressure for Emotional Healing, by Michael Reed Gach & Beth Ann Henning A\\nSelf-Care Guide for Trauma, Stress, & Common Emotional Imbalances\\n\\nAcupressure points for emotional ailments, combined with breathing exercises,\\nstretches and movement routines. \\n \\nThe EFT Manual, by Gary Craig Emotional Freedom Techniques\\n\\nHow to use an acupressure technique of tapping to deal with emotional\\nproblems. \\n \\nThe Joy of Feeling, by Iona Marsaa Teeguarden Bodymind Acupressure\\n\\nJin Shin Do acupressure helps unblock emotions, making it safe to feel. \\n \\nSee longer book descriptions\\n\\nHome | About Disclaimer | Privacy | Advertisements | Feedback | Contact\\n\\nCopyright Ewald Berkers 2003 - 2017\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180922174306/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Acupressure relieves pain relaxes muscular tension, and balances the vital life forces of the body using a system of trigger points. Discover how to pressure two acupressure points on the top of the feet which stimulate the release of neuro-chemicals called endorphins.\",\n \"The mechanism of endorphins is similar to morphine; both mitigate pain and encourage relaxation. However, endorphins are manufactured naturally by the body to promote healing. Acupressure points Lv 3 and GB 41 stimulates this pain relief mechanism, enabling the body to produce its own natural painkillers.\",\n \"Bigger Rushing (Lv 3) is located on the top of the foot, in the groove between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones. Above Tears (GB 41) is also on the top of the foot, in the groove between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones.\",\n \"To press these pain relief Acupressure points on top of your foot, press gradually in between the bones until it hurts good. Hold firmly and steadily for 2 minutes as you breathe deeply to relieve foot, leg, hip pain and cramping.\",\n \"For more Pain Relief Acupressure Points and Tips download e-chapters in a painful area you need to relieve by going to: http://acupressure.com/books/Pain_Relief_E-Chapters.htm\",\n \"How to get your acupressure books and cds at Mumbai India. There r lot of fans of acupressure in India. Please do something for easy availability and training. Thanks and God Bless. Naresh Dewan\",\n \"* michael on December 19, 2013 at 4:28 am said:\\nTo get Acupressure Materials to India, or anywhere else in the world – I suggest that you order our e-products so you have it fairly instantly without any expensive shipping. Here’s the link to get to all of our e-products:\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41 | Acupressure Points\\n\\n↓\\n\\n# Acupressure Points\\n\\n## Michael Reed Gach - World Expert on Acupressure Therapy\\n\\n * Blog\\n * About\\n * Contact\\n * Self-Care A-Z\\n * Online Trainings\\n\\n# Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41\\n\\nAcupressure relieves pain relaxes muscular tension, and balances the vital\\nlife forces of the body using a system of trigger points. Discover how to\\npressure two acupressure points on the top of the feet which stimulate the\\nrelease of neuro-chemicals called endorphins.\\n\\nThe mechanism of endorphins is similar to morphine; both mitigate pain and\\nencourage relaxation. However, endorphins are manufactured naturally by the\\nbody to promote healing. Acupressure points Lv 3 and GB 41 stimulates this\\npain relief mechanism, enabling the body to produce its own natural\\npainkillers.\\n\\nBigger Rushing (Lv 3) is located on the top of the foot, in the groove between\\nthe 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones. Above Tears (GB 41) is also on the top of\\nthe foot, in the groove between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones.\\n\\nTo press these pain relief Acupressure points on top of your foot, press\\ngradually in between the bones until it hurts good. Hold firmly and steadily\\nfor 2 minutes as you breathe deeply to relieve foot, leg, hip pain and\\ncramping.\\n\\nFor more Pain Relief Acupressure Points and Tips download e-chapters in a\\npainful area you need to relieve by going to:\\nhttp://acupressure.com/books/Pain_Relief_E-Chapters.htm\\n\\nShare\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n#### Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41 — 3 Comments\\n\\n 1. charlie on December 18, 2013 at 11:11 pm said:\\n\\nthank you for this info. would like to take your course but cant afford it.\\nthank you\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 2. Naresh Dewan on December 19, 2013 at 3:43 am said:\\n\\nHow to get your acupressure books and cds at Mumbai India. There r lot of fans\\nof acupressure in India. Please do something for easy availability and\\ntraining. Thanks and God Bless. Naresh Dewan\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on December 19, 2013 at 4:28 am said:\\n\\nTo get Acupressure Materials to India, or anywhere else in the world – I\\nsuggest that you order our e-products so you have it fairly instantly without\\nany expensive shipping. Here’s the link to get to all of our e-products:\\n\\nhttp://acupressure.com/e-products.htm\\n\\nJust click on the underlined links. Then the products you want click on the\\nyellow button “Add to Cart”\\n\\nWith healing wishes,\\n\\nMichael Reed Gach, Ph.D. Healing Resources & Self-Care Books, Charts, CDs,\\nDVDs https://www.Acupressure.com\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nHome Acupressure Articles E-Products Online Trainings Audio Pain Relief\\nBooklets Books Charts DVD’s Flashcards Home Study Discounted Packages New\\nProducts Ways to Use Acupressure Acu–Yoga Lovers Acupressure Body Tools Orders\\n& Returns Wholesale About the Author\\n\\n### Quick Index Links:\\n\\n * Acu-Yoga (2)\\n * Acupressure Community (14)\\n * Acupressure for Beginners (8)\\n * Acupressure for Children (2)\\n * Acupressure for Lovers (4)\\n * Acupressure Massage (3)\\n * Acupressure Points (43)\\n * ADD (4)\\n * ADHD and Dyslexia (4)\\n * Allergies & Hayfever (4)\\n * Ankle Pain & Sprains (4)\\n * Anxiety & Panic Relief (3)\\n * Back Pain & Sciatica (12)\\n * Breathing / Chest congestion (5)\\n * Chronic Fatigue/Fibromyalgia (14)\\n * Colds & Flu (3)\\n * Detox & Decongestion (2)\\n * Ears (6)\\n * Elimination (1)\\n * Emotional Healing (14)\\n * Eyes (4)\\n * Foot Cramps & Cold Feet (2)\\n * Headaches & Mental Health (15)\\n * Hormones & Glands (3)\\n * Humor & Laughter (1)\\n * Immune Boosting (3)\\n * Jaw Pain & TMJ (1)\\n * Knee Pain (4)\\n * Learning Disorders (3)\\n * Memory & Concentration (6)\\n * Metabolism & Appetite (6)\\n * Michael's Life Experiences (7)\\n * Muscle Stiffness & Pain (2)\\n * Nausea & Upset Stomach (2)\\n * Nose & Throat (4)\\n * Pain Relief (22)\\n * Sciatica (4)\\n * Self-Care Techniques (16)\\n * Sexual or Urinary Problems (3)\\n * Sinuses & Congestion (1)\\n * Sleep Disorders (4)\\n * Spiritual Healing (8)\\n * Stress Management (26)\\n\\n * Diet (2)\\n * Exercise & Lifestyle (5)\\n * Uncategorized (3)\\n * Vertigo, Dizziness, Lightheaded (3)\\n * Weight Loss (3)\\n * Wellness & Long Life (19)\\n * Zen Shiatsu (3)\\n\\n©2015 Michael Gach Ph.D.\\n\\n↑\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161130203737/http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu and Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu and Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine\",\n \"Eighteen patients attending an orthopaedic outpatient clinic with a year or more's history of heel pain due to plantar fasciitis were studied. All had had conservative treatment of physiotherapy and shoe-support without significant pain relief before acupuncture was offered, and thus acted as their own controls for the purposes of the study. The following traditional points were needled: Taixi (KI.3), Kunlun (BL.60) and Sanyinjiao (SP.6). Pain was assessed by a 100mm visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment was started and after four, weekly sessions of acupuncture treatment. If complete pain relief was not obtained by the initial four-week treatment, a further two, weekly sessions of the above mentioned acupoints, with the addition of trigger point acupuncture in the gastro-soleus and plantar fascia, was carried out and pain assessed.\",\n \"Patients were also assessed with a verbal rating score to indicate the percentage improvement after acupuncture compared to before treatment. The mean duration of heel pain was 25.11 months (SD 10.68). The VAS data obtained at 4 and 6 weeks of acupuncture treatment showed a statistically highly significant improvement compared to the VAS before acupuncture (p < 0.0009 and p < 0.0001 respectively). Using the Mann-Whitney test, there was a statistically significant difference in VAS obtained at 6 weeks, after trigger point acupuncture had been added for poor responders, compared to that obtained after the first 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment (p < 0.047). Our study demonstrates that acupuncture is effective in treating patients with chronic heel pain due to plantar fasciitis and that the addition of trigger point acupuncture in poor or non-responders may be useful.\",\n \"This recent issue is free to all users to allow everyone the opportunity to see the full scope and typical content of AIM. View free sample issue >>\",\n \"Don't forget to sign up for content alerts so you keep up to date with all the articles as they are published.\",\n \"About the journal : About the journal | Editorial board | Instructions for authors | Open Access | Thank you to our reviewers | Most read articles\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu\\nand Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine\\n\\nAdvanced search\\n\\nThis peer-reviewed, international journal presents a scientific approach to\\nacupuncture\\n\\n * Online First\\n * Current issue\\n * Archive\\n * About the journal\\n * Submit a paper\\n * Subscribe\\n * Jobs\\n * Help\\n\\n * Online First\\n * Current issue\\n * Archive\\n * eLetters\\n * RSS\\n * Topic collections\\n\\n * Home\\n * > Volume 16, Issue 2\\n * > Article\\n\\nAcupunct Med 1998;16:66-68 doi:10.1136/aim.16.2.66\\n\\n * Contents\\n\\n# Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis\\n\\n 1. A Tillu1,\\n 2. S Gupta2\\n\\n 1. ^1 Department of Orthopaedics, Bedford South Wing Hospital\\n 2. ^2 Department of Anaesthetics, Bedford South Wing Hospital\\n\\n 1. Department of Orthopaedics, Bedford South Wing Hospital, Kempston Road, Bedford MK42 9DJ (UK)\\n\\n## Summary\\n\\nEighteen patients attending an orthopaedic outpatient clinic with a year or\\nmore's history of heel pain due to plantar fasciitis were studied. All had had\\nconservative treatment of physiotherapy and shoe-support without significant\\npain relief before acupuncture was offered, and thus acted as their own\\ncontrols for the purposes of the study. The following traditional points were\\nneedled: Taixi (KI.3), Kunlun (BL.60) and Sanyinjiao (SP.6). Pain was assessed\\nby a 100mm visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment was started and after\\nfour, weekly sessions of acupuncture treatment. If complete pain relief was\\nnot obtained by the initial four-week treatment, a further two, weekly\\nsessions of the above mentioned acupoints, with the addition of trigger point\\nacupuncture in the gastro-soleus and plantar fascia, was carried out and pain\\nassessed.\\n\\nPatients were also assessed with a verbal rating score to indicate the\\npercentage improvement after acupuncture compared to before treatment. The\\nmean duration of heel pain was 25.11 months (SD 10.68). The VAS data obtained\\nat 4 and 6 weeks of acupuncture treatment showed a statistically highly\\nsignificant improvement compared to the VAS before acupuncture (p < 0.0009 and\\np < 0.0001 respectively). Using the Mann-Whitney test, there was a\\nstatistically significant difference in VAS obtained at 6 weeks, after trigger\\npoint acupuncture had been added for poor responders, compared to that\\nobtained after the first 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment (p < 0.047). Our\\nstudy demonstrates that acupuncture is effective in treating patients with\\nchronic heel pain due to plantar fasciitis and that the addition of trigger\\npoint acupuncture in poor or non-responders may be useful.\\n\\n * CiteULike\\n * Delicious\\n * Digg\\n * Facebook\\n * Google+\\n * Mendeley\\n * Reddit\\n * Twitter\\n\\nWhat's this?\\n\\n### This Article\\n\\n 1. Abstract\\n 2. PDF\\n\\n#### Services\\n\\n 1. Email this link to a friend\\n 2. Alert me when this article is cited\\n 3. Alert me if a correction is posted\\n 4. Alert me when eletters are published\\n 5. Article Usage Statistics\\n 6. Similar articles in this journal\\n 7. Similar articles in Web of Science\\n 8. Add article to my folders\\n 9. Download to citation manager\\n 10. Request permissions\\n 11. Add to portfolio\\n\\n#### Responses\\n\\n 1. Submit a response\\n 2. No responses published\\n\\n#### Citing articles\\n\\n 1. Load citing article information\\n 2. Citing articles via Web of Science\\n 3. Citing articles via Scopus\\n 4. Citing articles via Google Scholar\\n\\n#### Google Scholar\\n\\n 1. Articles by Tillu, A.\\n 2. Articles by Gupta, S.\\n 3. Search for related content\\n\\n#### PubMed\\n\\n 1. Articles by Tillu, A.\\n 2. Articles by Gupta, S.\\n\\n#### Related Content\\n\\n 1. Load related web page information\\n\\n#### Social bookmarking\\n\\n 1. * CiteULike\\n * Delicious\\n * Digg\\n * Facebook\\n * Google+\\n * Mendeley\\n * Reddit\\n * Twitter\\n\\nWhat's this?\\n\\n * Current\\n * Most read\\n * Online first\\n\\n### Free Sample\\n\\nThis recent issue is free to all users to allow everyone the opportunity to\\nsee the full scope and typical content of AIM. View free sample issue >>\\n\\nDon't forget to sign up for content alerts so you keep up to date with all the\\narticles as they are published.\\n\\nGroup acupuncture for knee pain: evaluation of a cost-saving initiative in the\\nhealth service\\n\\n### Navigate This Article\\n\\n * Top\\n * Summary\\n\\n * Current issue : Current issue\\n * Archive : Current issue | Archive | eLetters | RSS\\n * About the journal : About the journal | Editorial board | Instructions for authors | Open Access | Thank you to our reviewers | Most read articles\\n * Submit a paper : Online submission site | Instructions for authors | Open Access | Track your article\\n * Subscribe : Subscribe to the journal | Prices | Email alerts\\n * Help : Contact us | Feedback form | Reprints | Permissions | Advertising\\n\\nSubscribe here Activate your subscription\\n\\nLogin via OpenAthens\\n\\nLogin via your home organisation\\n\\nRecommend to your Institution\\n\\nemail alerts\\n\\n Register to receive email alerts\\n\\n * twitter\\n * face- book\\n * Pod- casts\\n * Blog\\n * Library recom- mend\\n\\nImpact Factor: 1.592\\n\\nOnline ISSN 1759-9873\\n\\n * Contact us\\n * Website terms & conditions\\n * Revenue sources\\n * Privacy and Cookies\\n * Home\\n * Top\\n\\nCopyright © 2016 British Medical Acupuncture Society.\\n\\n京ICP备15042040号-3\\n\\nBMJ\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515180415/http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Acupressure Points\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Lung channel Letting Go (Lu 1) In the valley between the shoulder joint and the chest, 2 finger widths bellow the collarbone. Great Abyss (Lu 9) In the groove at the wrist fold below the base of the thumb. Fish Border (Lu 10) On the palm side of the hand in the center of the pad at the base of the thumb.\",\n \"Large Intestine Channel Joining the Valley (LI 4) In the webbing between the thumb and index finger, at the highest spot of the muscle that protrudes when the thumb and index finger are brought close together.\",\n \"Welcoming Perfume (LI 20) On eithercheek, just outside each nostril at the level of the inferior edge of the nose, in the nasa- basilar groove\",\n \"Stomach channel Four Whites (St 2) One finger width below the lower ridge of the eye socket in line with the center of the pupil. Facial Beauty (St 3 ) At the bottom of the cheekbone, directly below the pupil Jaw Chariot (St 6) Between the upper and lower jaw on the masseter muscle that bulges when the back teeth are clenched. Breast Window (St 16) Directly above the breast tissue between the third and fourth ribs. Breast Root (St 18) One rib space under the nipples. Calf's Nose (St 35) Just below the kneecap in the outer indentation. Three Mile Point (St 36) Four finger widths below the kneecap, one finger width to the outside of the leg.\",\n \"Spleen channel Grandfather Grandson (Sp 4) On the arch of the foot, one thumb width in back of the ball of the foot.\",\n \"Sea of blood (Sp 10) 3 finger widths above outside of kneecap. Rushing Door (Sp 12) and Mansion Cottage (Sp 13) Both these points are in the pelvic area where the leg joins the body. Abdominal sorrow (Sp 16) Below the edge of the rib cage one finger width in from the nipple line.\",\n \"Heart channel Spirit Gate (Ht 7) On the little finger side of the forearm at the crease of the wrist.\",\n \"Small Intestine channel Heavenly Appearance (SI 17) In the indentation directly below the earlobe and behind the jawbone. Listening Place (SI 19) Directly in front of the ear opening in a depression which will deepen when the jaw is open.\",\n \"Bladder channel Eyes Bright (Bl 1) In the hollow at the inner corner of the eye just above the tear duct. Drilling Bamboo (Bl 2) In the indentations ousted of the bridge of the nose on the inner edge of the eyebrows. Penetrate Heaven (Bl 7) On the top of the skull, in a line upward from the back of the ears, one thumb width from the center. Heavenly Pillar (Bl 10) One finger width each side of spine, just below skull. Lung Associated (Bl 13) One finger width below the upper tip of the shoulder blade, between the spin and the scapula. Sea of Vitality (Bl 23 & Bl 47) 2 and 4 finger widths away from the spine at waist level. Sacral Points (Bl 27-34) Base of spine. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blades and the spine at the level of the heart. Womb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, and midway between the top of the hipbone (iliac crease) and the base of the buttock. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blade and the spine, one rib below the shoulder blade spine. Commanding Activity (Bl 39) On the outside of the knee, where the crease ends when the knee is bent. Commanding Middle (Bl 40) In the center of the back of the knee crease. Supporting Mountain (Bl 57) Half way up the calf, in the center of the muscle, just as the calf muscle begins to expand. High Mountains (Bl 60) Opposite Ki 3, in the hollow between the outer anklebone and the achilles tendon. Calm Sleep (Bl 62) In the first indentation directly below the outer anklebone. This hollow is 1/3 the distance from the outer anklebone to the bottom of the heel. Reaching Inside (Bl 67) On the outside of the little toe, at the base of the toenail. Womb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, midway between the top of the hipbone and base of the buttock.\",\n \"Bigger Stream (K 3) Midway between the inside of your anklebone and the achilles tendon in the back of your ankle.\",\n \"Blazing Valley (Ki 2) In the middle of the arch of the foot midway between the outer tip of the big toe and the back of the heel. Illuminated Sea (Ki 6) One thumb width below the inside of the anklebone. Nourishing valley (Ki 10) On the inner edge of the knee crease, in the hollow between two tendons. Elegant Mansion (Ki 27) Between the collarbone and the first rib, just outside the breastbone.\",\n \"Pericardium Heavenly Pond (PC 1) One thumb width inside the end of the inside crease of the arm pit. Crooked Marsh (P 3) On the inside of the arm at the lower end of the elbow crease when the arm is bent. Intermediary (PC 5) One palm width above the center of the inner wrist crease, between the tendons. Inner Gate (PC 6) In the middle of the inner side of the forearm between the two tendons, 3 finger widths from the wrist crease. Big Mound (P 7) In the middle of the inside of the wrist crease.\",\n \"Triple Warmer (Sanjiao) channel Active Pond (TW 4) Follow the outside of the arm to the hollow in the center of the wrist at the crease. Outer Gate (TW 5) On the outside of the forearm, midway between the two bones, 2 1/2 finger widths below the wrist crease. Shoulder Meeting Point (TW 13) On the outer surface of the upper arm, one thumb width in back of the base of the upper arm muscle and two finger widths higher up toward the shoulder. Heavenly Rejuvenation (TW 15) On the shoulders, midway between the base of the neck and the outside of the shoulders, one finger width below the top of the shoulders. Wind Screen (TW 17) In the indentation directly below the ear lobe and behind the jawbone.\",\n \"Window of Heaven (TW 16) In the center of the back of the head in the large hollow under the base of the skull. Ear Gate (TW 21) In front of the Ear, one finger breadth above SI 19.\",\n \"Gall Bladder channel Reunion of Hearing (GB 2) In front of the ear, one finger breadth below SI 19. Gates of Consciousness (GB 20) Below the base of the skull, in the hollow between the two large, vertical neck muscles, about a palms width apart.\",\n \"Shoulder Well (GB 21) On the top of the shoulder, directly on the muscle, half way between the mid line and the shoulder tip.\",\n \"Middle of a Person (GB 26) Two thirds of the way up from the upper lip to the nose. Jumping Circle (GB 30) 1/3 of the way from the hip joint bone to the sacrum.\",\n \"Sunny Side of the Mountain (GB 34) On the outside of the lower leg, below and in front of the head of the fibula.\",\n \"Wilderness Mount (GB 40) In the large hollow directly in front of the outer anklebone. Above tears (GB 41) On the top of the foot, one thumb width above the webbing of the fourth and fifth toes in the groove between the bones.\",\n \"Liver channel Travel Between (Liv 2) At the juncture of the big and second toes. Bigger Rushing (Liv 3) On the top of the foot- between the big toe and the second toe.\",\n \"Conception Vessel Gate Origin (CV 4) A palm width below the belly button. Sea of Energy (CV 6) Two finger widths directly below the belly button. Center of Power (CV 12) Half way between the belly button and the bottom of the sternum. Heaven Rushing Out (CV 22) At the base of the throat in the center of the collarbones. Sea of Tranquility (CV 17) In the center of the breast bone, between the nipples.\",\n \"Governing Vessel Wind Mansion (GV 16) At the Top of the Spinal column under the base of the skull. Posterior Summit (GV 19) One thumb width behind top of head (GV 20).\",\n \"One Hundred Meeting Point (GV 20) On the very top of the head. Can be located by moving vertically upward from the top of the ears, and finding the midline.\",\n \"Anterior Summit (GV 21) One thumb width in front of top of head (GV 20). Third Eye Point (GV 24.5) Directly between the eyebrows.\",\n \"Extra Ding Chuan (Extra) To the side and a little above the vertebra that protrudes at the top of the spin when the head is tilted downward.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Acupressure Points\\n\\nAcupressure\\n\\nAcupressure points:\\n\\nLung channel Letting Go (Lu 1) In the valley between the shoulder joint and\\nthe chest, 2 finger widths bellow the collarbone. Great Abyss (Lu 9) In the\\ngroove at the wrist fold below the base of the thumb. Fish Border (Lu 10) On\\nthe palm side of the hand in the center of the pad at the base of the thumb.\\n\\nLarge Intestine Channel Joining the Valley (LI 4) In the webbing between the\\nthumb and index finger, at the highest spot of the muscle that protrudes when\\nthe thumb and index finger are brought close together.\\n\\nCrooked Point (LI 11) Outside end of elbow crease.\\n\\nOuter Arm Bone (LI 14) Lower point of the deltoid muscle.\\n\\nWelcoming Perfume (LI 20) On eithercheek, just outside each nostril at the\\nlevel of the inferior edge of the nose, in the nasa- basilar groove\\n\\nStomach channel Four Whites (St 2) One finger width below the lower ridge of\\nthe eye socket in line with the center of the pupil. Facial Beauty (St 3 ) At\\nthe bottom of the cheekbone, directly below the pupil Jaw Chariot (St 6)\\nBetween the upper and lower jaw on the masseter muscle that bulges when the\\nback teeth are clenched. Breast Window (St 16) Directly above the breast\\ntissue between the third and fourth ribs. Breast Root (St 18) One rib space\\nunder the nipples. Calf's Nose (St 35) Just below the kneecap in the outer\\nindentation. Three Mile Point (St 36) Four finger widths below the kneecap,\\none finger width to the outside of the leg.\\n\\nSevere Mouth (St 45) On the outside of the base of the second toe nail.\\n\\nSpleen channel Grandfather Grandson (Sp 4) On the arch of the foot, one thumb\\nwidth in back of the ball of the foot.\\n\\nThree Yin Crossing (Sp 6) A palm width above the inner anklebone close to the\\nback of the shinbone.\\n\\nShady Side of the Mountain (Sp 9)\\n\\nSea of blood (Sp 10) 3 finger widths above outside of kneecap. Rushing Door\\n(Sp 12) and Mansion Cottage (Sp 13) Both these points are in the pelvic area\\nwhere the leg joins the body. Abdominal sorrow (Sp 16) Below the edge of the\\nrib cage one finger width in from the nipple line.\\n\\nHeart channel Spirit Gate (Ht 7) On the little finger side of the forearm at\\nthe crease of the wrist.\\n\\nSmall Intestine channel Heavenly Appearance (SI 17) In the indentation\\ndirectly below the earlobe and behind the jawbone. Listening Place (SI 19)\\nDirectly in front of the ear opening in a depression which will deepen when\\nthe jaw is open.\\n\\nBladder channel Eyes Bright (Bl 1) In the hollow at the inner corner of the\\neye just above the tear duct. Drilling Bamboo (Bl 2) In the indentations\\nousted of the bridge of the nose on the inner edge of the eyebrows. Penetrate\\nHeaven (Bl 7) On the top of the skull, in a line upward from the back of the\\nears, one thumb width from the center. Heavenly Pillar (Bl 10) One finger\\nwidth each side of spine, just below skull. Lung Associated (Bl 13) One finger\\nwidth below the upper tip of the shoulder blade, between the spin and the\\nscapula. Sea of Vitality (Bl 23 & Bl 47) 2 and 4 finger widths away from the\\nspine at waist level. Sacral Points (Bl 27-34) Base of spine. Vital Diaphragm\\n(Bl 38) Between the shoulder blades and the spine at the level of the heart.\\nWomb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, and\\nmidway between the top of the hipbone (iliac crease) and the base of the\\nbuttock. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blade and the spine, one\\nrib below the shoulder blade spine. Commanding Activity (Bl 39) On the outside\\nof the knee, where the crease ends when the knee is bent. Commanding Middle\\n(Bl 40) In the center of the back of the knee crease. Supporting Mountain (Bl\\n57) Half way up the calf, in the center of the muscle, just as the calf muscle\\nbegins to expand. High Mountains (Bl 60) Opposite Ki 3, in the hollow between\\nthe outer anklebone and the achilles tendon. Calm Sleep (Bl 62) In the first\\nindentation directly below the outer anklebone. This hollow is 1/3 the\\ndistance from the outer anklebone to the bottom of the heel. Reaching Inside\\n(Bl 67) On the outside of the little toe, at the base of the toenail. Womb and\\nVitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, midway between the\\ntop of the hipbone and base of the buttock.\\n\\nKidney channel Bubbling Spring (Ki 1) 2/3 of the distance from the heel to the\\nball of the soul.\\n\\nBigger Stream (K 3) Midway between the inside of your anklebone and the\\nachilles tendon in the back of your ankle.\\n\\nBlazing Valley (Ki 2) In the middle of the arch of the foot midway between the\\nouter tip of the big toe and the back of the heel. Illuminated Sea (Ki 6) One\\nthumb width below the inside of the anklebone. Nourishing valley (Ki 10) On\\nthe inner edge of the knee crease, in the hollow between two tendons. Elegant\\nMansion (Ki 27) Between the collarbone and the first rib, just outside the\\nbreastbone.\\n\\nPericardium Heavenly Pond (PC 1) One thumb width inside the end of the inside\\ncrease of the arm pit. Crooked Marsh (P 3) On the inside of the arm at the\\nlower end of the elbow crease when the arm is bent. Intermediary (PC 5) One\\npalm width above the center of the inner wrist crease, between the tendons.\\nInner Gate (PC 6) In the middle of the inner side of the forearm between the\\ntwo tendons, 3 finger widths from the wrist crease. Big Mound (P 7) In the\\nmiddle of the inside of the wrist crease.\\n\\nTriple Warmer (Sanjiao) channel Active Pond (TW 4) Follow the outside of the\\narm to the hollow in the center of the wrist at the crease. Outer Gate (TW 5)\\nOn the outside of the forearm, midway between the two bones, 2 1/2 finger\\nwidths below the wrist crease. Shoulder Meeting Point (TW 13) On the outer\\nsurface of the upper arm, one thumb width in back of the base of the upper arm\\nmuscle and two finger widths higher up toward the shoulder. Heavenly\\nRejuvenation (TW 15) On the shoulders, midway between the base of the neck and\\nthe outside of the shoulders, one finger width below the top of the shoulders.\\nWind Screen (TW 17) In the indentation directly below the ear lobe and behind\\nthe jawbone.\\n\\nWindow of Heaven (TW 16) In the center of the back of the head in the large\\nhollow under the base of the skull. Ear Gate (TW 21) In front of the Ear, one\\nfinger breadth above SI 19.\\n\\nGall Bladder channel Reunion of Hearing (GB 2) In front of the ear, one finger\\nbreadth below SI 19. Gates of Consciousness (GB 20) Below the base of the\\nskull, in the hollow between the two large, vertical neck muscles, about a\\npalms width apart.\\n\\nShoulder Well (GB 21) On the top of the shoulder, directly on the muscle, half\\nway between the mid line and the shoulder tip.\\n\\nMiddle of a Person (GB 26) Two thirds of the way up from the upper lip to the\\nnose. Jumping Circle (GB 30) 1/3 of the way from the hip joint bone to the\\nsacrum.\\n\\nSunny Side of the Mountain (GB 34) On the outside of the lower leg, below and\\nin front of the head of the fibula.\\n\\nWilderness Mount (GB 40) In the large hollow directly in front of the outer\\nanklebone. Above tears (GB 41) On the top of the foot, one thumb width above\\nthe webbing of the fourth and fifth toes in the groove between the bones.\\n\\nLiver channel Travel Between (Liv 2) At the juncture of the big and second\\ntoes. Bigger Rushing (Liv 3) On the top of the foot- between the big toe and\\nthe second toe.\\n\\nCrooked Spring (Liv 8) On the inside of the knee, where the crease ends when\\nthe knee is bent.\\n\\nConception Vessel Gate Origin (CV 4) A palm width below the belly button. Sea\\nof Energy (CV 6) Two finger widths directly below the belly button. Center of\\nPower (CV 12) Half way between the belly button and the bottom of the sternum.\\nHeaven Rushing Out (CV 22) At the base of the throat in the center of the\\ncollarbones. Sea of Tranquility (CV 17) In the center of the breast bone,\\nbetween the nipples.\\n\\nGoverning Vessel Wind Mansion (GV 16) At the Top of the Spinal column under\\nthe base of the skull. Posterior Summit (GV 19) One thumb width behind top of\\nhead (GV 20).\\n\\nOne Hundred Meeting Point (GV 20) On the very top of the head. Can be located\\nby moving vertically upward from the top of the ears, and finding the midline.\\n\\nAnterior Summit (GV 21) One thumb width in front of top of head (GV 20). Third\\nEye Point (GV 24.5) Directly between the eyebrows.\\n\\nExtra Ding Chuan (Extra) To the side and a little above the vertebra that\\nprotrudes at the top of the spin when the head is tilted downward.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180919143322/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points: Heal Ankle Pain, Stiffness & Swelling\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I have successfully used Acupressure Points (GB 40) on my own body and many others for relieving ankle pain, stiffness, ankle sprains, and swelling. These acupressure points, on both ankles, work like a charm.\",\n \"I’m confident I can describe how you can get relief. If you read further and watch my YouTube clip on relieving an ankle sprain. I’ll give you the details necessary for getting good results.\",\n \"GB 40: Good for relieving ankle sprains, sciatica, irritability, stiffness, swollen ankles, and pain on the top of the foot.\",\n \"I’ve gotten great results from using GB 40 on the same side that‘s injured, hurts, or is weak. If you damaged or broke your ankle, or your ankle is weak, painful or extremely fragile – then only use light touch on this Acupressure point. If the light touch is too painful, due to the trauma or injury, press into GB 40 on the opposite side – until your body can handle light pressure on the side of your ankle that hurts.\",\n \"Acupressure Points GB 40 are located in the large hollow directly in front of the outer anklebone. This point relieves ankle problems, sprains, swelling, sciatic pain, and improves the health of your ankle joint. These acupressure points are also good for relieving sciatica, irritability, frustration, and difficulty in making good, wise decisions.\",\n \"How to Apply Pressure: Hold GB 40 for five to ten minutes, alternating every sixty seconds or so between light and firm pressure gradually. At the end of holding the point, use light touch, without pressure for at least a minute, as you breathe deeply.\",\n \"Acupressure Directions & Indications: To maximize the healing benefits in the ankle, hold GB 40 until you feel an even pulse at the point. After using this point for a few days, if you find you’re getting a clearer or well defined pulsation at the point sooner, be encouraged to continue; you’re getting the healing energy to flow through the ankle joint.\",\n \"Ankle pain, ankle stiffness, ankle sprains, and swollen ankles are common complaints among people with previous injuries, overweight conditions, and athletes.\",\n \"I’ve been dealing with a weak/sore ankle for quite some time and want to give this a shot so I can get back to normal martial arts training. Can you just use a finger or is it better to use some kind of tool? What are you using in the video?\",\n \"* michael on February 28, 2012 at 7:34 pm said:\\nI am using my own finger in the video demonstration. The human hand is the most natural, has the ability to feel for the indentation, and can channel healing energy. However, there is nothing wrong with using a tool to obtain pressure on Acupressure points, if you have difficulty using your fingers to apply pressure. This spring, I plan to present some great acupressure tools to enable you to get good pressure to activate the acupressure points and healing energy within your body without straining. I value good tools in all aspects of life. So you do not have to spend money to stimulate the acupressure points to heal yourself, try using an avocado pit, a golf ball in the palm of your hand, or the end of a pencil eraser. Be sure to apply the pressure gradually, hold in as you take deep breaths, and focus on releasing the pressure gradually too – for best results.\",\n \"This GB 40 acupressure point is great for strengthening a weak/sore ankle and increases healing in the area. Please continue using this point and let me know your results.\",\n \"* michael on February 29, 2012 at 6:31 am said:\\nGB 40 balances the energy in the Gall Bladder meridian. That’s why these acupressure points, on both sides, are used to relieve general stiffness, judgmental attitudes, irritability, frustration, side aches, gas pains, feeling stuck or depressed, mental distress, indecision, overwhelm, repressed anger, and headaches. This also is a good acupressure point to use on people who eat too much junk food, especially chips that are fried, butter, and other rich foods in addition to relieving ankle problems.\",\n \"Hai Michael, I have a 12 yrs old autism son and quite hyper and i have send him to a special school for the last 7 yrs but the result is not encouraging . Could you advise me whether the treatment with certain acupressure points that can stimulate his speech (especially) and fingers (problem with writing). Appreciate your advise.tq\",\n \"* michael on March 1, 2012 at 6:11 am said:\\nI appreciate the care you have given and want to give your son. To be effective, I believe that many aspects need to happen; acupressure and bodywork is just one of them. Your son needs mentors that he likes, and trusts who take him to new, exciting places – sometimes physically, sometimes mentally or intellectually, and certainly emotionally. The scope must include his life style and what he eats. Every autistic child responds differently. Use whole foods and strictly limit foods that contain sugar and salt. Try homeopathic medicine as well as Applied Educational Kinesiology like the Brain Gym. Acupressure points GB 20, GV 16 under the base of the skull and St 36 will certainly be helpful and part of the whole treatment.\",\n \"Pranams. In one of your articles you have mentioned about application of GB 34 and St 36 regularly for toning up muscles. Can these points be useful for my inguinal hernia ? If there are other related points, pl. suggest me.\",\n \"* michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:53 am said:\\nFor an Inguinal Hernia: The primary acupressure points for your inguinal hernia is Sp 12 and Sp 13. This is not an instant fix; it takes months to heal and these points will make the healing occur faster and better.\",\n \"* michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:41 am said:\\nPlease let me know how it works and if you have any questions. I know it works, because it has healed my own ankle so many times.\",\n \"My wife has bronchial asthma I am giving her all the points which are standard acupressure points which are there. Can you recommend line of treatment to follow and any other tips to be followed. Thanks in advance,\",\n \"* michael on March 3, 2012 at 5:46 pm said:\\nThere are a number of blog articles that would help your wife, which I’ll list below. However, to really get a powerful yet simple to do routine, I suggest getting my best selling book called Acupressure’s Potent Points.\",\n \"For Asthma, here are several acupressure points that will help: B13, B 14, Lu 1 and go to: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1310 http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1463\",\n \"Thanks a lot for introducing Point GB 40. I have a fractured plate implanted ankle. i am also fat and weigh 96kgs. It really pains me now. However, i applied acupressure by following your directions, and really i am having relief. Also my gastric trouble is releasing!\",\n \"* michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:41 am said:\\nI am thrilled to hear your results – using the acupressure points. For Weight Loss – I have written a routine that uses acupressure with self-massage, gentle stretching, which deep breathing is available as an E-Audio Weight Loss Program.\",\n \"For Less Stress, I suggest you use this DVD – a great set of easy breathing exercises. You’ll be amazed how well these exercises work for getting closer to your well-being – but you have to actually to the exercises – twice a day is best.\",\n \"Hi Michael, I get a lot of pins and needles in my legs riding up & down, could you please guide me with pressure points to release this problem? It is extremely uncomfortable.\",\n \"* michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:22 am said:\\nThis point GB 40 presented here can be helpful, but also try these points for your legs: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\",\n \"Dear Michael, thanks so much for sharing your wisdom here. I have turned a lot of people on to your wonderful book! This point, worked during a reflexology session, worked so well for one of my clients. I held it while cupping the heel and rotated the foot with the other hand.\",\n \"* michael on March 5, 2012 at 1:48 am said:\\nThank you so much for referring some many people to my acupressure point books. I think your reflexology application of using this point is excellent.\",\n \"thnks for ankle healing pressure point...i m going to do it to heal my sprain of 5 mths. can u tell me something for fibroids also...thnks in advance.\",\n \"* michael on March 28, 2012 at 3:45 am said:\\nAcupressure points in the area of the fibroids may relieve some of the discomfort, but let me be clear that this is not a cure for them. If the fibroids grew to a size that causes more discomfort or any disfunction, I suggest you get medical attention and care. Even in traditional Chinese medicine, surgery is used as a valid last resort.\",\n \"Hi there I have pain that is right where the GB40 spot is, I thought it could be my AFTL. I can walk with no pain, but it also hurts on my shin muscle below the knee and my hip/lower back. Can this method help, is it a sciatica problem? Please help thank you!\",\n \"* michael on April 18, 2012 at 7:21 am said:\\nFor Pain below the Knee (near the shin): I want to give you a couple other acupressure points to practice in addition to GB 40, which I hope you’ll continue using. Here are the acupressure points for relieving muscular pain in the knees, shins, and lower back: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\",\n \"For Lower Back Pain: Try using ice before you go to bed, for at least 30 days and hold the lower back acupressure points as illustrated here: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1248\",\n \"* michael on April 18, 2012 at 6:58 am said:\\nIf your ankle pain is on the top of your foot or goes into the outer side of your ankle, the directions in this blog and video clip are excellent – hold these acupressure points (GB 40 on both sides) for a few minutes, several times a day. Experiment with more pressure, less pressure, with more time and repetitions, with ice on the points, with ice on the painful area, etc. I encourage you to keep up, practicing acupressure especially when you find its hurting while laying in bed.\",\n \"Hello Sir, I am suffering from ankle ligament tear of right foot-right ankle from last 10 months. As per MRI, it shows partial ligament tear. I have consulted many doctors in India, but I have not got relief from my pain. Whenever i walk for more than 5 minutes, my whole foot starts paining and i started limping while walking. I have flat foot also. i have done 20 sittings of physiotherapy which includes ultrasonic waves, Interferential therapy but all in vain. Kindly suggest me wthere i get any help from accupressure/accupuncture therapy?? And if yes then why an orthopaedic doctor suggest about accupressure/accupuncture??\",\n \"* michael on May 27, 2012 at 6:49 am said:\\nIf I could see where your pain originates and where it goes, I could at least suggest some acupressure points. See if you can get a referral in your area for acupuncture or acupressure. If your pain goes through the top of your foot, this acupressure point, GB 40 will be helpful.\",\n \"Hello. I have been suffering from an ongoing ankle pain, inner left ankle, and I kindly want specific advice. I have been told its a blood clot and will be released with hot water massages. I didn’t see a result. What do you suggest?\",\n \"* michael on June 11, 2012 at 8:46 am said:\\nI suggest that you go to a doctor to have this examined – if there’s a chance this is a blood clot. The acupressure points on the inside of your ankle, which will probably be quite tender can be helpful, once you see a medical doctor who rules out the blood clot and OKs using gentle finger pressure on the healing points on this acupressure points chart and reflexology charts.\",\n \"Hi Michael – I have a client who is recovering from an injury to the navicular tendon – just on the superior arch of the right foot, proximal to the head of the first metatarsal. She has worn a boot and then a cast for about 6 weeks to allow it to heal, but it is still painful. I have told her about holding the paired master points GB 41/Sp 4 and K 6/Bl 62, for various benefits, including bringing balanced energy into her right foot for healing. Is there anything more about these points or others specifically that you can suggest for self- treatment to speed her healing? Thanks so much for your help! Kathy\",\n \"* michael on August 7, 2012 at 11:32 am said:\\nShow her how to find and hold Sp 3 as well as Sp 4 and K 2 using her thumbs, while her fingers get GB 41. Teach her how to go into the points gradually and how to attract a pulse to get the energy flowing, which will decrease her recovery time. I also find applying Zheng Gu Shui, which is an external Chinese analgesic, found in large health food stores and Chines stores with patient medicines, is very helpful for healing injuries. Be careful to not get this in your eyes, arm pits, or private parts.\",\n \"Thank you for your continue mailing your valuable articles. At present I and my Mrs. are suffering from pain in heel and arms. Should we try this GB40 for below foot pain in heel.\",\n \"* michael on August 17, 2012 at 10:38 am said:\\nFor your heel pain, also use the ankle points K 4, K 5, and especially K 6 with B 62, You will find illustrations of these points in my Home Study Pack. To relieve your arm pain, I’d need to see a picture of where the point runs in your arm. Usually Si 10 with LI 11, LI 10, TW 5 and P 6 work well.\",\n \"mr. Gach i have seen that GB 40 POINT when perssure is gently applied to it instantly reduce a sprained and grossly swollen ankle it would have been nice to see somthing like that again it was truely amazing Thanks very much sharing this it brought back some memmories.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points: Heal Ankle Pain, Stiffness & Swelling |\\nAcupressure Points\\n\\n↓\\n\\n# Acupressure Points\\n\\n## Michael Reed Gach - World Expert on Acupressure Therapy\\n\\n * Blog\\n * About\\n * Contact\\n * Self-Care A-Z\\n * Online Trainings\\n\\n# Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points for Healing Ankle Pain, Ankle Stiffness,\\nSciatica, Top of Foot Pain, and Swollen Ankles*\\n\\nI have successfully used Acupressure Points (GB 40) on my own body and many\\nothers for relieving ankle pain, stiffness, ankle sprains, and swelling. These\\nacupressure points, on both ankles, work like a charm.\\n\\nI’m confident I can describe how you can get relief. If you read further and\\nwatch my YouTube clip on relieving an ankle sprain. I’ll give you the details\\nnecessary for getting good results.\\n\\nGB 40: Good for relieving ankle sprains, sciatica, irritability, stiffness,\\nswollen ankles, and pain on the top of the foot.\\n\\nI’ve gotten great results from using GB 40 on the same side that‘s injured,\\nhurts, or is weak. If you damaged or broke your ankle, or your ankle is weak,\\npainful or extremely fragile – then only use light touch on this Acupressure\\npoint. If the light touch is too painful, due to the trauma or injury, press\\ninto GB 40 on the opposite side – until your body can handle light pressure on\\nthe side of your ankle that hurts.\\n\\nAcupressure Points GB 40 are located in the large hollow directly in front of\\nthe outer anklebone. This point relieves ankle problems, sprains, swelling,\\nsciatic pain, and improves the health of your ankle joint. These acupressure\\npoints are also good for relieving sciatica, irritability, frustration, and\\ndifficulty in making good, wise decisions.\\n\\nHow to Apply Pressure: Hold GB 40 for five to ten minutes, alternating every\\nsixty seconds or so between light and firm pressure gradually. At the end of\\nholding the point, use light touch, without pressure for at least a minute, as\\nyou breathe deeply.\\n\\nAcupressure Directions & Indications: To maximize the healing benefits in the\\nankle, hold GB 40 until you feel an even pulse at the point. After using this\\npoint for a few days, if you find you’re getting a clearer or well defined\\npulsation at the point sooner, be encouraged to continue; you’re getting the\\nhealing energy to flow through the ankle joint.\\n\\n_____________________________________________________________\\n\\n* Ankle pain, ankle stiffness, ankle sprains, and swollen ankles are common complaints among people with previous injuries, overweight conditions, and athletes.\\n\\nShare\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n#### Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points for Healing Ankle Pain, Ankle Stiffness,\\nSciatica, Top of Foot Pain, and Swollen Ankles* — 36 Comments\\n\\n 1. harish srivastava on February 28, 2012 at 12:00 pm said:\\n\\nVery interesting and useful article...Thanx.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 2. Lori (Vancouver/Richmond BC Martial Arts/Self-Defense Instructor) on February 28, 2012 at 6:20 pm said:\\n\\nI’ve been dealing with a weak/sore ankle for quite some time and want to give\\nthis a shot so I can get back to normal martial arts training. Can you just\\nuse a finger or is it better to use some kind of tool? What are you using in\\nthe video?\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on February 28, 2012 at 7:34 pm said:\\n\\nI am using my own finger in the video demonstration. The human hand is the\\nmost natural, has the ability to feel for the indentation, and can channel\\nhealing energy. However, there is nothing wrong with using a tool to obtain\\npressure on Acupressure points, if you have difficulty using your fingers to\\napply pressure. This spring, I plan to present some great acupressure tools to\\nenable you to get good pressure to activate the acupressure points and healing\\nenergy within your body without straining. I value good tools in all aspects\\nof life. So you do not have to spend money to stimulate the acupressure points\\nto heal yourself, try using an avocado pit, a golf ball in the palm of your\\nhand, or the end of a pencil eraser. Be sure to apply the pressure gradually,\\nhold in as you take deep breaths, and focus on releasing the pressure\\ngradually too – for best results.\\n\\nThis GB 40 acupressure point is great for strengthening a weak/sore ankle and\\nincreases healing in the area. Please continue using this point and let me\\nknow your results.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 3. Rev John on February 29, 2012 at 2:52 am said:\\n\\nThanks for reminding me of the GB 40 acupressure point.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on February 29, 2012 at 6:31 am said:\\n\\nGB 40 balances the energy in the Gall Bladder meridian. That’s why these\\nacupressure points, on both sides, are used to relieve general stiffness,\\njudgmental attitudes, irritability, frustration, side aches, gas pains,\\nfeeling stuck or depressed, mental distress, indecision, overwhelm, repressed\\nanger, and headaches. This also is a good acupressure point to use on people\\nwho eat too much junk food, especially chips that are fried, butter, and other\\nrich foods in addition to relieving ankle problems.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 4. wan baker on February 29, 2012 at 9:43 am said:\\n\\nHai Michael, I have a 12 yrs old autism son and quite hyper and i have send\\nhim to a special school for the last 7 yrs but the result is not encouraging .\\nCould you advise me whether the treatment with certain acupressure points that\\ncan stimulate his speech (especially) and fingers (problem with writing).\\nAppreciate your advise.tq\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 6:11 am said:\\n\\nI appreciate the care you have given and want to give your son. To be\\neffective, I believe that many aspects need to happen; acupressure and\\nbodywork is just one of them. Your son needs mentors that he likes, and trusts\\nwho take him to new, exciting places – sometimes physically, sometimes\\nmentally or intellectually, and certainly emotionally. The scope must include\\nhis life style and what he eats. Every autistic child responds differently.\\nUse whole foods and strictly limit foods that contain sugar and salt. Try\\nhomeopathic medicine as well as Applied Educational Kinesiology like the Brain\\nGym. Acupressure points GB 20, GV 16 under the base of the skull and St 36\\nwill certainly be helpful and part of the whole treatment.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 5. Rajkumari on February 29, 2012 at 10:15 am said:\\n\\nHi using GB 40 is really educative and interesting\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:55 am said:\\n\\nExcellent. Isn’t Acupressure a wonderful healing art!\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 6. R Sampath Kumar on February 29, 2012 at 1:41 pm said:\\n\\nPranams. In one of your articles you have mentioned about application of GB 34\\nand St 36 regularly for toning up muscles. Can these points be useful for my\\ninguinal hernia ? If there are other related points, pl. suggest me.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:53 am said:\\n\\nFor an Inguinal Hernia: The primary acupressure points for your inguinal\\nhernia is Sp 12 and Sp 13. This is not an instant fix; it takes months to heal\\nand these points will make the healing occur faster and better.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 7. sangeeta melag on March 1, 2012 at 3:52 am said:\\n\\nthanx for giving ankle pain point i will try\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:41 am said:\\n\\nPlease let me know how it works and if you have any questions. I know it\\nworks, because it has healed my own ankle so many times.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 8. ATUL.MEHTA. on March 1, 2012 at 8:07 am said:\\n\\nDear Michael,\\n\\nMy wife has bronchial asthma I am giving her all the points which are standard\\nacupressure points which are there. Can you recommend line of treatment to\\nfollow and any other tips to be followed. Thanks in advance,\\n\\nAtul Mehta.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 5:46 pm said:\\n\\nThere are a number of blog articles that would help your wife, which I’ll list\\nbelow. However, to really get a powerful yet simple to do routine, I suggest\\ngetting my best selling book called Acupressure’s Potent Points.\\n\\nFor Asthma, here are several acupressure points that will help: B13, B 14, Lu\\n1 and go to: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1310\\nhttp://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1463\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 9. Bhuvana on March 2, 2012 at 8:31 am said:\\n\\nThanks a lot for introducing Point GB 40. I have a fractured plate implanted\\nankle. i am also fat and weigh 96kgs. It really pains me now. However, i\\napplied acupressure by following your directions, and really i am having\\nrelief. Also my gastric trouble is releasing!\\n\\nCan u suggest some points for reducing fat, and stress?\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:41 am said:\\n\\nI am thrilled to hear your results – using the acupressure points. For Weight\\nLoss – I have written a routine that uses acupressure with self-massage,\\ngentle stretching, which deep breathing is available as an E-Audio Weight Loss\\nProgram.\\n\\nFor Acupressure Stress Relief DVD I present gentle self-acupressure deep\\nbreathing exercises to relieve tension.\\n\\nFor Less Stress, I suggest you use this DVD – a great set of easy breathing\\nexercises. You’ll be amazed how well these exercises work for getting closer\\nto your well-being – but you have to actually to the exercises – twice a day\\nis best.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 10. Ms. Khush F Dubash on March 2, 2012 at 10:18 am said:\\n\\nHi Michael, I get a lot of pins and needles in my legs riding up & down, could\\nyou please guide me with pressure points to release this problem? It is\\nextremely uncomfortable.\\n\\nThanks much – Ms. Khush\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:22 am said:\\n\\nThis point GB 40 presented here can be helpful, but also try these points for\\nyour legs: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 11. Ien van Houten on March 5, 2012 at 1:19 am said:\\n\\nDear Michael, thanks so much for sharing your wisdom here. I have turned a lot\\nof people on to your wonderful book! This point, worked during a reflexology\\nsession, worked so well for one of my clients. I held it while cupping the\\nheel and rotated the foot with the other hand.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 5, 2012 at 1:48 am said:\\n\\nThank you so much for referring some many people to my acupressure point\\nbooks. I think your reflexology application of using this point is excellent.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 12. reenu on March 27, 2012 at 3:09 pm said:\\n\\nthnks for ankle healing pressure point...i m going to do it to heal my sprain\\nof 5 mths. can u tell me something for fibroids also...thnks in advance.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on March 28, 2012 at 3:45 am said:\\n\\nAcupressure points in the area of the fibroids may relieve some of the\\ndiscomfort, but let me be clear that this is not a cure for them. If the\\nfibroids grew to a size that causes more discomfort or any disfunction, I\\nsuggest you get medical attention and care. Even in traditional Chinese\\nmedicine, surgery is used as a valid last resort.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 13. Ryan on April 16, 2012 at 7:35 am said:\\n\\nHi there I have pain that is right where the GB40 spot is, I thought it could\\nbe my AFTL. I can walk with no pain, but it also hurts on my shin muscle below\\nthe knee and my hip/lower back. Can this method help, is it a sciatica\\nproblem? Please help thank you!\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on April 18, 2012 at 7:21 am said:\\n\\nFor Pain below the Knee (near the shin): I want to give you a couple other\\nacupressure points to practice in addition to GB 40, which I hope you’ll\\ncontinue using. Here are the acupressure points for relieving muscular pain in\\nthe knees, shins, and lower back: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\\n\\nFor Lower Back Pain: Try using ice before you go to bed, for at least 30 days\\nand hold the lower back acupressure points as illustrated here:\\nhttp://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1248\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 14. Ryan on April 16, 2012 at 7:37 am said:\\n\\nIt mostly hurts at night laying in bed...\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on April 18, 2012 at 6:58 am said:\\n\\nIf your ankle pain is on the top of your foot or goes into the outer side of\\nyour ankle, the directions in this blog and video clip are excellent – hold\\nthese acupressure points (GB 40 on both sides) for a few minutes, several\\ntimes a day. Experiment with more pressure, less pressure, with more time and\\nrepetitions, with ice on the points, with ice on the painful area, etc. I\\nencourage you to keep up, practicing acupressure especially when you find its\\nhurting while laying in bed.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 15. Mayank on May 26, 2012 at 1:13 pm said:\\n\\nHello Sir, I am suffering from ankle ligament tear of right foot-right ankle\\nfrom last 10 months. As per MRI, it shows partial ligament tear. I have\\nconsulted many doctors in India, but I have not got relief from my pain.\\nWhenever i walk for more than 5 minutes, my whole foot starts paining and i\\nstarted limping while walking. I have flat foot also. i have done 20 sittings\\nof physiotherapy which includes ultrasonic waves, Interferential therapy but\\nall in vain. Kindly suggest me wthere i get any help from\\naccupressure/accupuncture therapy?? And if yes then why an orthopaedic doctor\\nsuggest about accupressure/accupuncture??\\n\\nWaiting for your reply Mayank\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on May 27, 2012 at 6:49 am said:\\n\\nIf I could see where your pain originates and where it goes, I could at least\\nsuggest some acupressure points. See if you can get a referral in your area\\nfor acupuncture or acupressure. If your pain goes through the top of your\\nfoot, this acupressure point, GB 40 will be helpful.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 16. Nina Chowdhury on June 9, 2012 at 10:35 pm said:\\n\\nHello. I have been suffering from an ongoing ankle pain, inner left ankle, and\\nI kindly want specific advice. I have been told its a blood clot and will be\\nreleased with hot water massages. I didn’t see a result. What do you suggest?\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on June 11, 2012 at 8:46 am said:\\n\\nI suggest that you go to a doctor to have this examined – if there’s a chance\\nthis is a blood clot. The acupressure points on the inside of your ankle,\\nwhich will probably be quite tender can be helpful, once you see a medical\\ndoctor who rules out the blood clot and OKs using gentle finger pressure on\\nthe healing points on this acupressure points chart and reflexology charts.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 17. Kathy Lorenz on August 6, 2012 at 1:47 am said:\\n\\nHi Michael – I have a client who is recovering from an injury to the navicular\\ntendon – just on the superior arch of the right foot, proximal to the head of\\nthe first metatarsal. She has worn a boot and then a cast for about 6 weeks to\\nallow it to heal, but it is still painful. I have told her about holding the\\npaired master points GB 41/Sp 4 and K 6/Bl 62, for various benefits, including\\nbringing balanced energy into her right foot for healing. Is there anything\\nmore about these points or others specifically that you can suggest for self-\\ntreatment to speed her healing? Thanks so much for your help! Kathy\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on August 7, 2012 at 11:32 am said:\\n\\nShow her how to find and hold Sp 3 as well as Sp 4 and K 2 using her thumbs,\\nwhile her fingers get GB 41. Teach her how to go into the points gradually and\\nhow to attract a pulse to get the energy flowing, which will decrease her\\nrecovery time. I also find applying Zheng Gu Shui, which is an external\\nChinese analgesic, found in large health food stores and Chines stores with\\npatient medicines, is very helpful for healing injuries. Be careful to not get\\nthis in your eyes, arm pits, or private parts.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 18. Radhey Shyam Sawhney on August 16, 2012 at 10:53 am said:\\n\\nSir,\\n\\nThank you for your continue mailing your valuable articles. At present I and\\nmy Mrs. are suffering from pain in heel and arms. Should we try this GB40 for\\nbelow foot pain in heel.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n * michael on August 17, 2012 at 10:38 am said:\\n\\nFor your heel pain, also use the ankle points K 4, K 5, and especially K 6\\nwith B 62, You will find illustrations of these points in my Home Study Pack.\\nTo relieve your arm pain, I’d need to see a picture of where the point runs in\\nyour arm. Usually Si 10 with LI 11, LI 10, TW 5 and P 6 work well.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n 19. ford on March 22, 2013 at 12:59 am said:\\n\\nmr. Gach i have seen that GB 40 POINT when perssure is gently applied to it\\ninstantly reduce a sprained and grossly swollen ankle it would have been nice\\nto see somthing like that again it was truely amazing Thanks very much sharing\\nthis it brought back some memmories.\\n\\nReply ↓\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nHome Acupressure Articles E-Products Online Trainings Audio Pain Relief\\nBooklets Books Charts DVD’s Flashcards Home Study Discounted Packages New\\nProducts Ways to Use Acupressure Acu–Yoga Lovers Acupressure Body Tools Orders\\n& Returns Wholesale About the Author\\n\\n### Quick Index Links:\\n\\n * Acu-Yoga (2)\\n * Acupressure Community (14)\\n * Acupressure for Beginners (8)\\n * Acupressure for Children (2)\\n * Acupressure for Lovers (4)\\n * Acupressure Massage (3)\\n * Acupressure Points (43)\\n * ADD (4)\\n * ADHD and Dyslexia (4)\\n * Allergies & Hayfever (4)\\n * Ankle Pain & Sprains (4)\\n * Anxiety & Panic Relief (3)\\n * Back Pain & Sciatica (12)\\n * Breathing / Chest congestion (5)\\n * Chronic Fatigue/Fibromyalgia (14)\\n * Colds & Flu (3)\\n * Detox & Decongestion (2)\\n * Ears (6)\\n * Elimination (1)\\n * Emotional Healing (14)\\n * Eyes (4)\\n * Foot Cramps & Cold Feet (2)\\n * Headaches & Mental Health (15)\\n * Hormones & Glands (3)\\n * Humor & Laughter (1)\\n * Immune Boosting (3)\\n * Jaw Pain & TMJ (1)\\n * Knee Pain (4)\\n * Learning Disorders (3)\\n * Memory & Concentration (6)\\n * Metabolism & Appetite (6)\\n * Michael's Life Experiences (7)\\n * Muscle Stiffness & Pain (2)\\n * Nausea & Upset Stomach (2)\\n * Nose & Throat (4)\\n * Pain Relief (22)\\n * Sciatica (4)\\n * Self-Care Techniques (16)\\n * Sexual or Urinary Problems (3)\\n * Sinuses & Congestion (1)\\n * Sleep Disorders (4)\\n * Spiritual Healing (8)\\n * Stress Management (26)\\n\\n * Diet (2)\\n * Exercise & Lifestyle (5)\\n * Uncategorized (3)\\n * Vertigo, Dizziness, Lightheaded (3)\\n * Weight Loss (3)\\n * Wellness & Long Life (19)\\n * Zen Shiatsu (3)\\n\\n©2015 Michael Gach Ph.D.\\n\\n↑\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200119214718/http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Qi Journal: Interactive Acupuncture Model\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"You can also select an Acupuncture Meridian (Channel) in the left column to see a listing of the acu-points asssociated with it.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Qi Journal: Interactive Acupuncture Model\\n\\nHome Page | Acupuncture & Acupressure | Tuina, Shiatsu, & Massage | Trad.\\nChinese Medicine | Check Your Shopping Basket \\n \\n--- \\n \\nNavigation Menu:\\n\\nInteractive Acupuncture Model\\n\\nUse the small figure above and select a section that you wish to display and\\nbrowse.\\n\\nMeridians:\\n\\nIntroduction & Instructions The Lung Meridian The Large Intestine The Stomach\\nThe Spleen The Heart The Small Intestine The Urinary Bladder The Kidney The\\nPericardium Triple Heater (San Jiao) The Gall Bladder The Liver\\n\\nThe DU (Back Midline) The REN (Front Midline)\\n\\n|\\n\\nWelcome to our unique Acu-Point Model\\n\\nFollow the simple steps listed above... just point, click & Learn.\\n\\nYou can also select an Acupuncture Meridian (Channel) in the left column to\\nsee a listing of the acu-points asssociated with it.\\n\\nInformation is provided for educational purposes only. Always consult a health\\ncare professional.\\n\\n¬©2011 Insight Publishing, Inc.\\n\\n|\\n\\nQi Catalog\\n\\nSport and T-Shirts\\n\\nIntroducing new Long Sleeve UltraCotton T-shirts. See info here.\\n\\nGlass Pendants\\n\\nNew line of calligraphy-based jewelry\\n\\nIndex of Online Articles\\n\\nGet special offers & updates: \\n \\n---|---|--- \\n \\nAcupuncture | Herbs & Diet | Taijiquan/Internal Arts | Qi Journal | Qigong &\\nMeditation | Culture & Philosophy | Feng Shui | Qi Catalog\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":368,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":2289566,"string":"2,289,566"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Flirt Without Being Annoying"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"Flirting is fun, and if you choose subtle ways to go about it, you can avoid being annoying! One of the simplest ways to flirt over text is to let your humor shine through. For instance, you could text them a fun, silly greeting or send a few fun emojis. If you want to keep the conversation going, make sure to ask open-ended questions like “How was your day?” or “What have you been up to this weekend?” If you don’t hear from them for a while, take a break from texting them so you don’t seem desperate. If you’re flirting face to face, make eye contact and smile, which will go a long way! Don’t make eye contact for too long though, since this can come off as creepy."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20170608043341/http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/","http://web.archive.org/web/20161120120753/http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170608043341/http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161120120753/http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1849,"string":"1,849"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170608043341/http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/","parsed_text":{"title":"Body Language of Attraction","passages":["Body language is an essential ingredient of attraction. When we talk about love, dating and romance, body language plays a big role.","To understand modern day nonverbal signals of attraction it is helpful to look at the history of where our body language comes from. Our caveman ancestors used the same body language we use today. Here are the messages we are trying to send with our body language to potential mates, and what is seen as attractive:","Rutgers University anthropologist Helen Fisher, says that the human body knows within one second whether someone’s physically attractive or not. Here are the body language cues that humans find most attractive:","Availability: Both males and females find people with available body language the most attractive. Available body language is smiling, uncrossed arms, uncrossed legs and upward gazing (not looking down at shoes or phones).","Fertility: From an evolutionary perspective, humans are tuned into body language cues that signal fertility and youth. Luckily, these can be emphasized with body language. For men, standing up straight, squaring the shoulders, planting feet slightly more than shoulder width apart and displaying hands are all signs of fertility. For a woman, keeping your hair down, tilting your head to expose pheromones and keeping hands and wrists visible to display the soft skin of the wrists are highly attractive for men.","Once our mind decides we like someone as a potential mate our body automatically begins to change physically to attract the person. Our cheeks flush to make us look like we are aroused, our lips swell to look more fertile and even our pheromones pump to attract the other person. There are a few things we can do to attract a mate from a body language perspective.","Lean In: Leaning towards someone is a nonverbal way of telling them you are engaged. This works especially well if you are in a group of people and you are interested in one person in the group. A way to show them you are interested is by leaning towards them. This subconsciously will pull them in your direction.","Head Tilting: Head tilting shows interest and engagement. If you are speaking with someone, let them know you are present and interested by tilting your head and gazing at them. Be sure to not look over their head or around the room, this shows lack of interest and sensitivity.","So, what are the actual signs of attraction? How do they come out in the body? Here are some body language cues for attraction:","When we are attracted to someone, blood will flow to our face, causing our cheeks to get red. This happens to mimic the orgasm effect where we get flushed. It is an evolutionary way the body tries to attract the opposite sex. This is why women wear blush. This also happens with lips and eyes. The redder the lips and the whiter the eyes the more fertile and attractive someone is.","Purse behavior is a form of nonverbal communication. It is how someone interacts with their environment based on their emotions. The purse is an interesting indicator of nonverbal behavior. For example, if a woman is feeling uncomfortable or not attracted to someone she will either clutch her bag tightly or place it in front of or covering her body. When a woman is attracted to a man she literally and figuratively wants nothing to stand in the way between her and her man. If she is loosely holding her purse and it is not blocking her front this shows she is at ease and feels more attraction. Better yet, if she puts it on the floor, a nearby table or on the back of the chair she wants it out of the way for her interactions with you. [Please note context here, if you are in a very public or potentially dangerous location she could be gripping her purse for safety concerns, but in a casual place or on a date this can be a good indicator].","I was actually at a singles event the other night and watched a man and woman talking. The woman had her purse partially blocking her body and was tightly gripping the handle under her arm. Then the man told her he was a doctor and the woman literally swung her purse up and over her shoulder out of the way. It was amazing.","“He makes my heart race” is no cliche. Studies have found that when someone is near an attractive person their heart rate increases. AND this works both ways. Researchers tried increasing someone’s heart rate and then put him or her near a stranger. This then artificially made the person seem even more attractive. People seem more attractive when our heart is racing. I wouldn’t recommend taking someone’s pulse on a date or in a bar, but you can see someone’s breathing rate increase and you can feel the heat of their palm if you are holding their hand and want to go in for a kiss.","The feet serve as a direct reflection of a person’s attitude. The key is to recognize where a person’s feet are pointed. When the feet are pointed directly toward another person, this is a sign of attraction, or at the very least, genuine interest. If, on the other hand, the feet are pointed away or towards the exit, this means that signs of attraction are probably not present.","We like to think we are great at spotting lies—but on average we can only detect deception with about 54% accuracy. That’s barely better than chance!","We should all know how to have more honest interactions. We should all be able to protect ourselves from liars. We should all be able to decode hidden emotions.","Vanessa Van Edwards is a published author and behavioral investigator. She is a Huffington Post columnist and her courses and research has been featured on CNN, Forbes, Business Week and the Wall Street Journal. As a published Penguin author, Vanessa regularly speaks and appears in the media to talk about her research. She is a sought after consultant and speaker.","I think knowing these cues can only give confidence to proceed forward, with less self consciousness, while engaging with someone you find attractive. To know in a few moments that someone is interested would take a great chunk out of the awkwardness I feel when I like someone! The beginning is always the hardest part for me. I think it would free me up to just be myself! Thank you Vanessa!!","The beginning is the hardest part for EVERYONE! You are not alone in that at all. Body language can take that edge off...it has for me just giving me something else to focus on other than nerves. Cheers!","I have a lot of practice to do. I had no idea I was sending off all of the wrong signals. YIKES!","This is so interesting! I’m not in the dating scene anymore (since I’m engaged), but I’m definitely going to use these tips to watch how dates are going and observe people!","Classic! Definitely not in the dating space... but will keep an eye out for this in the business realm! Haha","I’ve always thought how we think is the way act and vice versa. This is awesome info. Knowing this surf is almost like watching a movie with the sound off but you can tell what’s going on","Hi Dave, exactly right! We like to say it’s like seeing the world in High Definition now. 🙂 -Danielle and the Science of People Team","Interesting fact about the heart rate, it makes me wonder if a person is more likely to get attention from another person who just stopped exercising.","For example if this happens at the gym a guy shows that is healthy (or at least trying to be), and strong, and probably fertile and a girl will be with a high heart rate, flushed, healthy, fertile, etc...","Hi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on while at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense. Thanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team","Hi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on while at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense. Thanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team","I’ve been trained by master pick up artists to point my feet away from women to create attraction as it reveals that I have options with other women.","It may convey interest to point towards her, but if you want her to become interested you must show disinterest in the first interaction. Most men are interested in a beautiful women immediately, so being disinterested will make you more interesting and attractive.","Hi Alexander, interesting perspective. I know, as a woman, that a man purposely acting disinterested in me would not be attractive in the slightest. If anything, the type of woman you are attracting most likely has incredibly low self-esteem if she’s interested in this disrespectful tactic. -Danielle and the Science of People Team","Ok, hey awesome reply. I think the pointing away is meant to be a replacement for the needy body language most men do by leaning in close, giving her their full positive body language while she tries to keep a reasonable distance and is inevitably turned off.","A technique to avoid this creepy, needy feeling is by standing side by side the to person you’re talking to. You can get really close without making them feel uncomfortable. Cheers!","I definitely see where you’re coming from. In no way are we condoning being creepy or needy. Creepy is very bad, hah. Standing side-by-side is an alternative if you’re worried about giving off the wrong signals. Look for other signs too: open torso or arms crossed, purse out of the way or clutched in front of her. Thanks for the insight! -Danielle and the Science of People Team","Great advice. However, men should never lean in when attempting to attract a female unless she’s speaking and it’s hard to hear her. When he’s speaking to her he should always lean back or sit up straight and speak louder if she can’t hear him. As for women.. leaning in is good. 😉 Thanks.","Hi, G. Leaning is not gender-specific. While it may be more common for females to “lean in”, it is perfectly acceptable for males to lean in to show interest during a conversation. The head-tilt is also a great nonverbal technique to show interest for both males and females. Thanks for your comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team","After watching 5 Habits of Exceptionally Charismatic People... while it’s true that charismatic people tend to think of the most interesting questions to ask I’ve found in my own experience that wasn’t the case. I am much more reserved more so introverted, sensitive and attentive to other people’s emotions and feelings on a personable level without passing judgment. When conversing with other people I like to engage in conversations that are much more meaningful. I know in my own experience while observing the other person I was conversing with 10/10 I never really had to ask a person to open themselves up to me. I’ve had many experiences where some people felt the need to share their story and open up to me on their own. I’ve always wondered, why is that?","These are all great tips with meeting someone in person. I just hope that with the emerging digital age, people won’t forget about these.","Your body language must be great Vanessa due to your general physical appearance.So keep on teaching this art of being and you will succeed...","What is the male equivalent to the purse? Do men take out their wallets and hold it in front of them ^^ ?","Good question, Bella! Men could block with a chair, a notebook or a drink depending on what’s around them. They may also block by crossing their arms. It’s not as easy for them to block since women typically always carry a purse but it can happen if they are feeling uncomfortable or nervous!","Probably a briefcase, if a man has one. If he doesn’t, then you have to look for other cues, I suppose. I notice I move my briefcase around in ways just like this article describes, although I never clutch it over my chest.","Some of these I have heard before, but something that really intrigued me is that women tend to touch their suprasternal notch when the conversation takes an intimate turn. As soon as Vanessa mentioned that, I thought of times I’ve touched my little “notch” when talking to someone. These are so interesting ! I work at a bar and I see either a lot of dates or a lot of men hitting on women so I want to take all of these body language cues and see if I can see them in action as I people watch at work!! 🙂","So is the article correct in the assumption that women who touch their “notch” subconciously are opening up more to the possibility of dating the person they are engaging with? Honestly, I haven’t bought in to it. Maybe some women are just overly sensual. Or maybe they are picturing a different person in that scenario.","And to ask is it everyone that understands body language? Because you might be seriously expressing your feelings in body language to your admirer and might seems not to realize your emotions.","The available text has to do with the love attraction at the first sight. A signal that one is fertile and available to the opposite sex. I do agree that the attraction changes immediately as the partners reveal their identity. It may be negative or positive depends on the mental aptitude of the one. Such love attraction May continue or may not depends on the mental aptitude of the partners. The text has more to do with the physical love but most of us do not cherish physical love all the time. Healthy life continues with emotional love with some sort of piousness. The text lacks in such attraction of love.","Am I correct in concluding that the only way to interpret body language as flirting is if you see more than 2 signs? Because, I see this behavior alot from opposite and same sex genders. I tend to see a variety of body language signals from several different people. I don’t know. It’s all contextual and it’s interesting to see the behavior on a regular basis at work. I notice more at work.","There is only one person who has exhibited multiple signs that they might be interested in dating. I like her but I don’t know if I would date her. It’s interesting because I recognize the flirting subconciously and I feed off the flirting and escalate it not really knowing if I am interested in her. It’s only after we get done interacting that I conciously recognized we were flirting. In the moment my brain is asking my body “wth is going on stay on target”. I’m confused. My brain says one thing but my body enjoys the flirting.","I think you can separate feeling flattered that someone finds you attractive enough to flirt, and having a further interest in that particular person. They are separate things. Oh, and “I don’t know if I would date them” means you’re not interested in dating them. 🙂"]},"parsed_md":"Body Language of Attraction | Science of People\n\n * Start Here\n * Book\n * Speaking\n * Awesome\n\n# Captivate everyone you meet\n\n## Be the most memorable person in the room with our latest book\n\nBuy Now\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n# Body Language of Attraction\n\nBody language is an essential ingredient of attraction. When we talk about\nlove, dating and romance, body language plays a big role.\n\nSo many people wonder:\n\n“What happened in this relationship?”\n\n“Do they like me?”\n\n“Why didn’t they call?”\n\n> Body language will give you the tools to know where you stand.\n\nThe question is how do we use body language to be attractive and how does body\nlanguage play a role in attraction? I’m currently writing a course about Body\nLanguage and Love and thought it would be fun to do a post on body language\nand attraction as I do my research.\n\n## The Basics of the Body Language of Attraction:\n\nTo understand modern day nonverbal signals of attraction it is helpful to look\nat the history of where our body language comes from. Our caveman ancestors\nused the same body language we use today. Here are the messages we are trying\nto send with our body language to potential mates, and what is seen as\nattractive:\n\n * I’m open\n * I’m harmless\n * I’m interested\n * I’m approachable\n * I’m fertile\n\nThe question is, how does attraction happen?\n\n## Step One: First Impressions\n\nRutgers University anthropologist Helen Fisher, says that the human body knows\nwithin one second whether someone’s physically attractive or not. Here are the\nbody language cues that humans find most attractive:\n\n * Availability: Both males and females find people with available body language the most attractive. Available body language is smiling, uncrossed arms, uncrossed legs and upward gazing (not looking down at shoes or phones).\n * Fertility: From an evolutionary perspective, humans are tuned into body language cues that signal fertility and youth. Luckily, these can be emphasized with body language. For men, standing up straight, squaring the shoulders, planting feet slightly more than shoulder width apart and displaying hands are all signs of fertility. For a woman, keeping your hair down, tilting your head to expose pheromones and keeping hands and wrists visible to display the soft skin of the wrists are highly attractive for men.\n\n## Step Two: Attract Them While You Can\n\nOnce our mind decides we like someone as a potential mate our body\nautomatically begins to change physically to attract the person. Our cheeks\nflush to make us look like we are aroused, our lips swell to look more fertile\nand even our pheromones pump to attract the other person. There are a few\nthings we can do to attract a mate from a body language perspective.\n\n * Lean In: Leaning towards someone is a nonverbal way of telling them you are engaged. This works especially well if you are in a group of people and you are interested in one person in the group. A way to show them you are interested is by leaning towards them. This subconsciously will pull them in your direction.\n * Head Tilting: Head tilting shows interest and engagement. If you are speaking with someone, let them know you are present and interested by tilting your head and gazing at them. Be sure to not look over their head or around the room, this shows lack of interest and sensitivity.\n\n## Step Three: Find the Signs\n\nSo, what are the actual signs of attraction? How do they come out in the body?\nHere are some body language cues for attraction:\n\n### 1\\. Flushed and Blushed\n\nWhen we are attracted to someone, blood will flow to our face, causing our\ncheeks to get red. This happens to mimic the orgasm effect where we get\nflushed. It is an evolutionary way the body tries to attract the opposite sex.\nThis is why women wear blush. This also happens with lips and eyes. The redder\nthe lips and the whiter the eyes the more fertile and attractive someone is.\n\n### 2\\. The Power of the Purse\n\nPurse behavior is a form of nonverbal communication. It is how someone\ninteracts with their environment based on their emotions. The purse is an\ninteresting indicator of nonverbal behavior. For example, if a woman is\nfeeling uncomfortable or not attracted to someone she will either clutch her\nbag tightly or place it in front of or covering her body. When a woman is\nattracted to a man she literally and figuratively wants nothing to stand in\nthe way between her and her man. If she is loosely holding her purse and it is\nnot blocking her front this shows she is at ease and feels more attraction.\nBetter yet, if she puts it on the floor, a nearby table or on the back of the\nchair she wants it out of the way for her interactions with you. [Please note\ncontext here, if you are in a very public or potentially dangerous location\nshe could be gripping her purse for safety concerns, but in a casual place or\non a date this can be a good indicator].\n\n> I was actually at a singles event the other night and watched a man and\n> woman talking. The woman had her purse partially blocking her body and was\n> tightly gripping the handle under her arm. Then the man told her he was a\n> doctor and the woman literally swung her purse up and over her shoulder out\n> of the way. It was amazing.\n\n### 3\\. Their Heart Races\n\n“He makes my heart race” is no cliche. Studies have found that when someone is\nnear an attractive person their heart rate increases. AND this works both\nways. Researchers tried increasing someone’s heart rate and then put him or\nher near a stranger. This then artificially made the person seem even more\nattractive. People seem more attractive when our heart is racing. I wouldn’t\nrecommend taking someone’s pulse on a date or in a bar, but you can see\nsomeone’s breathing rate increase and you can feel the heat of their palm if\nyou are holding their hand and want to go in for a kiss.\n\nThese attraction tips are heating me up!\n\n### 4\\. Their Feet Like You\n\nThe feet serve as a direct reflection of a person’s attitude. The key is to\nrecognize where a person’s feet are pointed. When the feet are pointed\ndirectly toward another person, this is a sign of attraction, or at the very\nleast, genuine interest. If, on the other hand, the feet are pointed away or\ntowards the exit, this means that signs of attraction are probably not\npresent.\n\nWe have more posts on the Body Language and Attraction. Here is what you might\nlike:\n\n * 13 Great First Date Questions\n * How to Turn People On\n * The 5 Love Languages\n\n### Did you like this post? If so, you may want to check out our BONUS course,\nLie Detection in 100 Minutes — never be lied to by a date again!\n\nDo you know when someone is lying to you?\n\nWe like to think we are great at spotting lies—but on average we can only\ndetect deception with about 54% accuracy. That’s barely better than chance!\n\nI believe learning how to spot deception is a life skill.\n\nWe should all know how to have more honest interactions. We should all be able\nto protect ourselves from liars. We should all be able to decode hidden\nemotions.\n\nThat is what our new course is all about.\n\nI want to teach you how to:\n\n * Improve your lie-spotting abilities to up to 90% accuracy\n * Decode hidden emotions\n * Increase the honesty of your interactions\n * Learn the secrets of body language\n\nHere’s the best part. All it takes is 100 minutes.\n\nCitations:\n\nPease, Allan, and Barbara Pease. The Body Language of Love. [Buderim, Qld.]:\nPease International, 2012.\n\nBurgoon, Judee K., Laura K. Guerrero, and Kory Floyd. Nonverbal Communication.\nBoston: Allyn & Bacon, 2010.\n\nhttp://www.oprah.com/relationships/Love-at-First-Sight-Helen-Fisher-Love-\nColumn\n\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&id=1997-38342-007\n\nPease, Allan, and Barbara Pease. The Definitive Book of Body Language. New\nYork: Bantam, 2006.\n\n###### All Rights Reserved + COPYRIGHT 2013 Science of People, LLC\n\n### About Vanessa Van Edwards\n\nVanessa Van Edwards is a published author and behavioral investigator. She is\na Huffington Post columnist and her courses and research has been featured on\nCNN, Forbes, Business Week and the Wall Street Journal. As a published Penguin\nauthor, Vanessa regularly speaks and appears in the media to talk about her\nresearch. She is a sought after consultant and speaker.\n\n## 45 Comments\n\n 1. Karen Friedman\n\nNovember 8, 2013 at 9:52 pm\n\nI think knowing these cues can only give confidence to proceed forward, with\nless self consciousness, while engaging with someone you find attractive. To\nknow in a few moments that someone is interested would take a great chunk out\nof the awkwardness I feel when I like someone! The beginning is always the\nhardest part for me. I think it would free me up to just be myself! Thank you\nVanessa!!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Vanessa Van Edwards\n\nNovember 17, 2013 at 6:15 pm\n\nThe beginning is the hardest part for EVERYONE! You are not alone in that at\nall. Body language can take that edge off...it has for me just giving me\nsomething else to focus on other than nerves. Cheers!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Stephanie\n\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:35 pm\n\nLove this article! I hadn’t heard many of the tips before. Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Joshua F\n\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:36 pm\n\nDating is so hard and reading the attraction signals are the worst. This makes\nit a bit easier.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Maggie\n\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:37 pm\n\nI have a lot of practice to do. I had no idea I was sending off all of the\nwrong signals. YIKES!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Danielle McRae\n\nDecember 23, 2013 at 9:22 pm\n\nThis is so interesting! I’m not in the dating scene anymore (since I’m\nengaged), but I’m definitely going to use these tips to watch how dates are\ngoing and observe people!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Cait\n\nJanuary 30, 2014 at 1:34 pm\n\nLove this Vanessa! So fun to have the upper hand and know why we do the things\nwe do!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Pingback: 10 Ways Science Can Make You a Better Flirt | The Date Report\n\n 8. mustafa\n\nMay 15, 2014 at 3:57 am\n\nNice I like it Ty Vanessa\n\nReply\n\n 9. Emma Weise\n\nMay 24, 2014 at 9:25 am\n\nClassic! Definitely not in the dating space... but will keep an eye out for\nthis in the business realm! Haha\n\nReply\n\n 10. Ray\n\nMay 26, 2014 at 9:41 am\n\nunintentionally i was giving right cues. Thanks for sharing 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 11. Sabra Ann Huber\n\nJuly 8, 2014 at 11:50 am\n\nOutstanding\n\nReply\n\n 12. Dave\n\nJuly 10, 2014 at 4:47 am\n\nI’ve always thought how we think is the way act and vice versa. This is\nawesome info. Knowing this surf is almost like watching a movie with the sound\noff but you can tell what’s going on\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nJuly 21, 2014 at 10:48 pm\n\nHi Dave, exactly right! We like to say it’s like seeing the world in High\nDefinition now. 🙂 -Danielle and the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 13. Alan Chavez\n\nJuly 29, 2014 at 11:39 am\n\nInteresting fact about the heart rate, it makes me wonder if a person is more\nlikely to get attention from another person who just stopped exercising.\n\nFor example if this happens at the gym a guy shows that is healthy (or at\nleast trying to be), and strong, and probably fertile and a girl will be with\na high heart rate, flushed, healthy, fertile, etc...\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nJuly 30, 2014 at 7:31 pm\n\nHi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on\nwhile at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense.\nThanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 2. Danielle McRae\n\nAugust 4, 2014 at 6:26 pm\n\nHi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on\nwhile at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense.\nThanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 14. Alexander Peraza\n\nAugust 18, 2014 at 12:07 am\n\nI’ve been trained by master pick up artists to point my feet away from women\nto create attraction as it reveals that I have options with other women.\n\nIt may convey interest to point towards her, but if you want her to become\ninterested you must show disinterest in the first interaction. Most men are\ninterested in a beautiful women immediately, so being disinterested will make\nyou more interesting and attractive.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:24 pm\n\nHi Alexander, interesting perspective. I know, as a woman, that a man\npurposely acting disinterested in me would not be attractive in the slightest.\nIf anything, the type of woman you are attracting most likely has incredibly\nlow self-esteem if she’s interested in this disrespectful tactic. -Danielle\nand the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 1. Alexander Peraza\n\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:44 pm\n\nOk, hey awesome reply. I think the pointing away is meant to be a replacement\nfor the needy body language most men do by leaning in close, giving her their\nfull positive body language while she tries to keep a reasonable distance and\nis inevitably turned off.\n\nA technique to avoid this creepy, needy feeling is by standing side by side\nthe to person you’re talking to. You can get really close without making them\nfeel uncomfortable. Cheers!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:55 pm\n\nI definitely see where you’re coming from. In no way are we condoning being\ncreepy or needy. Creepy is very bad, hah. Standing side-by-side is an\nalternative if you’re worried about giving off the wrong signals. Look for\nother signs too: open torso or arms crossed, purse out of the way or clutched\nin front of her. Thanks for the insight! -Danielle and the Science of People\nTeam\n\nReply\n\n 15. G Hollingsworth\n\nSeptember 7, 2014 at 6:00 pm\n\nGreat advice. However, men should never lean in when attempting to attract a\nfemale unless she’s speaking and it’s hard to hear her. When he’s speaking to\nher he should always lean back or sit up straight and speak louder if she\ncan’t hear him. As for women.. leaning in is good. 😉 Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nSeptember 10, 2014 at 10:02 pm\n\nHi, G. Leaning is not gender-specific. While it may be more common for females\nto “lean in”, it is perfectly acceptable for males to lean in to show interest\nduring a conversation. The head-tilt is also a great nonverbal technique to\nshow interest for both males and females. Thanks for your comment! -Danielle\nand the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 16. Stacey Crutcher\n\nFebruary 12, 2015 at 11:05 pm\n\nAfter watching 5 Habits of Exceptionally Charismatic People... while it’s true\nthat charismatic people tend to think of the most interesting questions to ask\nI’ve found in my own experience that wasn’t the case. I am much more reserved\nmore so introverted, sensitive and attentive to other people’s emotions and\nfeelings on a personable level without passing judgment. When conversing with\nother people I like to engage in conversations that are much more meaningful.\nI know in my own experience while observing the other person I was conversing\nwith 10/10 I never really had to ask a person to open themselves up to me.\nI’ve had many experiences where some people felt the need to share their story\nand open up to me on their own. I’ve always wondered, why is that?\n\nReply\n\n 17. Dani\n\nMarch 7, 2015 at 6:32 am\n\nNow thats makes sense.. I love sciences. and you are the best. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 18. Toh\n\nApril 2, 2015 at 11:28 pm\n\nI was wondering if body movement play a part too\n\nReply\n\n 19. Pingback: Attract Her With Body Language: 7 Flirting Cues Every Man Should Know | Newspaper Cat\n\n 20. Pingback: Science Explains How Body Language Can Make Or Break Your Date - Ice Trend\n\n 21. Robby Smith\n\nNovember 17, 2015 at 8:05 am\n\nThese are all great tips with meeting someone in person. I just hope that with\nthe emerging digital age, people won’t forget about these.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Richard\n\nJanuary 28, 2016 at 11:25 am\n\nYour body language must be great Vanessa due to your general physical\nappearance.So keep on teaching this art of being and you will succeed...\n\nReply\n\n 23. Bella Perennis\n\nFebruary 6, 2016 at 3:52 am\n\nWhat is the male equivalent to the purse? Do men take out their wallets and\nhold it in front of them ^^ ?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nFebruary 8, 2016 at 10:38 am\n\nGood question, Bella! Men could block with a chair, a notebook or a drink\ndepending on what’s around them. They may also block by crossing their arms.\nIt’s not as easy for them to block since women typically always carry a purse\nbut it can happen if they are feeling uncomfortable or nervous!\n\nDanielle | Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 2. Martin Johncox\n\nApril 16, 2016 at 9:02 pm\n\nProbably a briefcase, if a man has one. If he doesn’t, then you have to look\nfor other cues, I suppose. I notice I move my briefcase around in ways just\nlike this article describes, although I never clutch it over my chest.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Liam Hayes\n\nFebruary 7, 2016 at 1:03 pm\n\nGreat tips! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 25. Lauren Freeman\n\nFebruary 14, 2016 at 6:21 pm\n\nSome of these I have heard before, but something that really intrigued me is\nthat women tend to touch their suprasternal notch when the conversation takes\nan intimate turn. As soon as Vanessa mentioned that, I thought of times I’ve\ntouched my little “notch” when talking to someone. These are so interesting !\nI work at a bar and I see either a lot of dates or a lot of men hitting on\nwomen so I want to take all of these body language cues and see if I can see\nthem in action as I people watch at work!! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 1. Mark\n\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 5:17 pm\n\nSo is the article correct in the assumption that women who touch their “notch”\nsubconciously are opening up more to the possibility of dating the person they\nare engaging with? Honestly, I haven’t bought in to it. Maybe some women are\njust overly sensual. Or maybe they are picturing a different person in that\nscenario.\n\nReply\n\n 26. Drishti Narang\n\nFebruary 29, 2016 at 8:10 pm\n\nThe things we see as the smallest have such big impacts. I definitely enjoyed\nthe article, thanks Vanessa!\n\nReply\n\n 27. Pingback: Why Body Language Speaks Louder than Words – AuCare À la mode\n\n 28. emelia\n\nMay 22, 2016 at 6:47 am\n\nAnd to ask is it everyone that understands body language? Because you might be\nseriously expressing your feelings in body language to your admirer and might\nseems not to realize your emotions.\n\nReply\n\n 29. Dan\n\nMay 24, 2016 at 3:02 am\n\nGreat article. I especially like the part on availability & fertility.\n\nReply\n\n 30. Dr Ajay Kumar Singh\n\nMay 25, 2016 at 3:30 am\n\nThe available text has to do with the love attraction at the first sight. A\nsignal that one is fertile and available to the opposite sex. I do agree that\nthe attraction changes immediately as the partners reveal their identity. It\nmay be negative or positive depends on the mental aptitude of the one. Such\nlove attraction May continue or may not depends on the mental aptitude of the\npartners. The text has more to do with the physical love but most of us do not\ncherish physical love all the time. Healthy life continues with emotional love\nwith some sort of piousness. The text lacks in such attraction of love.\n\nReply\n\n 31. Karla\n\nJune 7, 2016 at 2:51 pm\n\nOh la la! xD very useful tips!;)\n\nReply\n\n 32. Mark\n\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 5:11 pm\n\nAm I correct in concluding that the only way to interpret body language as\nflirting is if you see more than 2 signs? Because, I see this behavior alot\nfrom opposite and same sex genders. I tend to see a variety of body language\nsignals from several different people. I don’t know. It’s all contextual and\nit’s interesting to see the behavior on a regular basis at work. I notice more\nat work.\n\nThere is only one person who has exhibited multiple signs that they might be\ninterested in dating. I like her but I don’t know if I would date her. It’s\ninteresting because I recognize the flirting subconciously and I feed off the\nflirting and escalate it not really knowing if I am interested in her. It’s\nonly after we get done interacting that I conciously recognized we were\nflirting. In the moment my brain is asking my body “wth is going on stay on\ntarget”. I’m confused. My brain says one thing but my body enjoys the\nflirting.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Melissa\n\nNovember 29, 2016 at 8:22 am\n\nI think you can separate feeling flattered that someone finds you attractive\nenough to flirt, and having a further interest in that particular person. They\nare separate things. Oh, and “I don’t know if I would date them” means you’re\nnot interested in dating them. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 33. Pingback: Attract Her With Body Language: 7 Flirting Cues Every Man Should Know » Newspaper Cat\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### As Seen On:\n\n### Get the FREE Resources:\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n### Research:\n\n * Book Club Book: The Upside of Stress\n * Discover the One Thing That is Essential to Your Success\n * How to Spare Yourself from Tedious Small Talk\n\n### Search:\n\nFavorite Tweets by @vvanedwards\n\nDo Not Click Here\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n * Start Here\n * Book\n * Speaking\n * Awesome\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161120120753/http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/","parsed_text":{"title":"Eye Contact and Attraction","passages":["When it comes to attraction, eye contact does a lot. You can use eye contact to show a girl you’re interested, to gauge her interest, and to create or deepen her attraction in you. This article will cover all of that, and will even touch on the secret that allows you to make perfect eye contact with a woman every time.","Eye contact and attraction go hand in hand; the simplest way to show a girl you’re interested in her is through eye contact. It may seem like a subtle sign of interest to guys, but to women it’s clear as day. But to do it right, you want to avoid the mistake most guys make in giving too much eye contact too soon.","You see, your eye contact reflects your level of interest, and interest becomes more valuable the more she has to work for it. So if you’re at a bar and just started talking to a girl you don’t know, then you want to make eye contact about 50% of the time. The rest of the time can be spent looking elsewhere (if you stand shoulder to shoulder, rather than face to face, it’s easy to casually look away). As the interaction progresses and she proves that she’s an awesome girl, you’ll want to reward her with more interest. This is when you give her more and more eye contact.","Eye contact is the most common indicator a girl is interested in you. If you’re wondering whether or not that girl across the room is wants to meet you, here are a few ways eye contact will let you know:","If a girl makes eye contact with you, looks away, and then looks back at you all within about 30 seconds...she’s interested.","If you lock eyes with a girl and she immediately looks down and away, that’s a sign of embarrassment. She’s probably interested, but just feels shy.","If you lock eyes with a girl for a longer period of time than the usual quick glance – even if it’s just 2-3 seconds – it’s a sign she’s likely interested.","Our eyes express our emotional state. Anytime you allow someone to look into your eyes you’re allowing them to see how you feel at that moment. You’re making yourself vulnerable and letting them get a glimpse of the real you. And this is why eye contact and attraction are so strongly connected. Eye contact is an incredibly strong indicator of confidence.","When someone feels insecure they will have a hard time maintaining eye contact. Their eyes will likely dart around the room as a means of “hiding”. But when someone feels confident, maintaining eye contact comes easily. A confident man is able to keep a strong, steady gaze. His eyes don’t dart nervously, they move with purpose and intention.","So when you’re talking to a woman, keep a steady gaze. When you look away do so with purpose and intention and avoid nervous darting. It’ll help you come across as more confident, which will help generate those feelings of attraction in her.","Plenty of guys can make strong, steady eye contact but still find they’re unable to connect or build much attraction. This usually is a result of how they make eye contact. To build attraction eye contact needs to show more than confidence. It also needs to show that you’re a positive, friendly guy. And the way to do this is by “smiling with your eyes”.","Listen or watch something that makes you laugh really hard. When you’re done laughing, notice how your eyes feel and take a look at them in a mirror. You can see and feel that warm positivity coming from your eyes. Remember that feeling, because that’s what you want to have whenever you make eye contact with a woman. You’ll project a warm, friendly vibe and she’ll be more receptive to you.","Sure eye contact shows confidence and interest, but that’s not what it’s really about. What eye contact is really about, is giving. It’s about giving the woman attention and respect, and showing her that you appreciate her for the beautiful person she is (and not just physical beauty). When you’re able to see a woman in that light – to look at her and appreciate her for who she is – then perfect, effortless eye contact (the steady gaze, smiling with your eyes, knowing when to hold eye contact and when to look away) all comes naturally.","When you’re checking out a girl and she catches you, what do you do? Lots of guys out there will feel embarrassed, avert their eyes, and act like nothing happened. Their eyes will often dart down and away, as if to tell the woman “sorry I was checking you out”.","But all this does is show a lack of confidence. And if that’s her first impression, then building up any attraction is going to be incredibly difficult. So instead of apologizing, own up to it. Maintain that eye contact and attraction will have a chance to be created.","Besides, there’s nothing wrong with letting a girl know she’s attractive and has caught you’re attention. It’s flattering. So long as you’re not creepy about it, there’s nothing to worry about. And to ensure you don’t come off as creepy, all you’ve got to do is relax and give her a nice smile.","Once he realized attracting women was something he could learn Brian spent way too much of his free time studying and practicing everything he could find on the subject. He stumbled across The Art of Charm Podcast and eventually signed up for an AoC bootcamp. Excited by the progress he’s made in his own life since the program he decided to start writing for AoC to help other guys do the same. By writing about interpersonal dynamics he’s finally able to put that psychology degree to good use. View all posts by Brian M →"]},"parsed_md":"Eye Contact and Attraction - The Art of Charm\n\nAdvanced Social Skills Training for Top Performers\n\nAs Seen On\n\n# Eye Contact and Attraction\n\nWhen it comes to attraction, eye contact does a lot. You can use eye contact\nto show a girl you’re interested, to gauge her interest, and to create or\ndeepen her attraction in you. This article will cover all of that, and will\neven touch on the secret that allows you to make perfect eye contact with a\nwoman every time.\n\nUsing eye contact to show interest\n\nEye contact and attraction go hand in hand; the simplest way to show a girl\nyou’re interested in her is through eye contact. It may seem like a subtle\nsign of interest to guys, but to women it’s clear as day. But to do it right,\nyou want to avoid the mistake most guys make in giving too much eye contact\ntoo soon.\n\nYou see, your eye contact reflects your level of interest, and interest\nbecomes more valuable the more she has to work for it. So if you’re at a bar\nand just started talking to a girl you don’t know, then you want to make eye\ncontact about 50% of the time. The rest of the time can be spent looking\nelsewhere (if you stand shoulder to shoulder, rather than face to face, it’s\neasy to casually look away). As the interaction progresses and she proves that\nshe’s an awesome girl, you’ll want to reward her with more interest. This is\nwhen you give her more and more eye contact.\n\nUsing eye contact to gauge interest\n\nEye contact is the most common indicator a girl is interested in you. If\nyou’re wondering whether or not that girl across the room is wants to meet\nyou, here are a few ways eye contact will let you know:\n\n * If a girl makes eye contact with you, looks away, and then looks back at you all within about 30 seconds...she’s interested.\n\n * If you lock eyes with a girl and she immediately looks down and away, that’s a sign of embarrassment. She’s probably interested, but just feels shy.\n\n * If you lock eyes with a girl for a longer period of time than the usual quick glance – even if it’s just 2-3 seconds – it’s a sign she’s likely interested.\n\nCreate attraction with confident eye contact\n\nOur eyes express our emotional state. Anytime you allow someone to look into\nyour eyes you’re allowing them to see how you feel at that moment. You’re\nmaking yourself vulnerable and letting them get a glimpse of the real you. And\nthis is why eye contact and attraction are so strongly connected. Eye contact\nis an incredibly strong indicator of confidence.\n\nWhen someone feels insecure they will have a hard time maintaining eye\ncontact. Their eyes will likely dart around the room as a means of “hiding”.\nBut when someone feels confident, maintaining eye contact comes easily. A\nconfident man is able to keep a strong, steady gaze. His eyes don’t dart\nnervously, they move with purpose and intention.\n\nSo when you’re talking to a woman, keep a steady gaze. When you look away do\nso with purpose and intention and avoid nervous darting. It’ll help you come\nacross as more confident, which will help generate those feelings of\nattraction in her.\n\nCreate attraction with friendly eye contact\n\nPlenty of guys can make strong, steady eye contact but still find they’re\nunable to connect or build much attraction. This usually is a result of how\nthey make eye contact. To build attraction eye contact needs to show more than\nconfidence. It also needs to show that you’re a positive, friendly guy. And\nthe way to do this is by “smiling with your eyes”.\n\nListen or watch something that makes you laugh really hard. When you’re done\nlaughing, notice how your eyes feel and take a look at them in a mirror. You\ncan see and feel that warm positivity coming from your eyes. Remember that\nfeeling, because that’s what you want to have whenever you make eye contact\nwith a woman. You’ll project a warm, friendly vibe and she’ll be more\nreceptive to you.\n\nThe secret to perfect, effortless eye contact\n\nSure eye contact shows confidence and interest, but that’s not what it’s\nreally about. What eye contact is really about, is giving. It’s about giving\nthe woman attention and respect, and showing her that you appreciate her for\nthe beautiful person she is (and not just physical beauty). When you’re able\nto see a woman in that light – to look at her and appreciate her for who she\nis – then perfect, effortless eye contact (the steady gaze, smiling with your\neyes, knowing when to hold eye contact and when to look away) all comes\nnaturally.\n\nEye contact bonus! What to do when you get caught staring at a woman\n\nWhen you’re checking out a girl and she catches you, what do you do? Lots of\nguys out there will feel embarrassed, avert their eyes, and act like nothing\nhappened. Their eyes will often dart down and away, as if to tell the woman\n“sorry I was checking you out”.\n\nBut all this does is show a lack of confidence. And if that’s her first\nimpression, then building up any attraction is going to be incredibly\ndifficult. So instead of apologizing, own up to it. Maintain that eye contact\nand attraction will have a chance to be created.\n\nBesides, there’s nothing wrong with letting a girl know she’s attractive and\nhas caught you’re attention. It’s flattering. So long as you’re not creepy\nabout it, there’s nothing to worry about. And to ensure you don’t come off as\ncreepy, all you’ve got to do is relax and give her a nice smile.\n\nPrint\n\n## First Impressions Mean Everything\n\nDiscover the 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First\nImpression Before You Even Get the Chance to Say Hello\n\n(Learn the 3 Non-Verbal Keys To A Great First Impression)\n\n#### Where Should We Send Your\n\n## FREE Guide?\n\nThe 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First Impression\n\nWe Hate SPAM & Promise to NEVER Share Your Info!\n\nBrian M - author of 191 posts on The Art of Charm\n\nOnce he realized attracting women was something he could learn Brian spent way\ntoo much of his free time studying and practicing everything he could find on\nthe subject. He stumbled across The Art of Charm Podcast and eventually signed\nup for an AoC bootcamp. Excited by the progress he’s made in his own life\nsince the program he decided to start writing for AoC to help other guys do\nthe same. By writing about interpersonal dynamics he’s finally able to put\nthat psychology degree to good use. View all posts by Brian M →\n\nEmail\n\n* ## Popular Podcasts\n\n## Popular Podcasts\n\n#407: Dan Millman | Way of the Peaceful Warrior\n\n#405: Adam Nesrallah | What Spies Teach Us About Reading People\n\n#401: Todd Herman | The Power of Negative Thinking\n\n#399: Ramit Sethi | Cold Truths About Networking and Success\n\n#398: Michelle Lederman | The Laws of Likability\n\n* ## Leadmagnet – Slide 5\n\n# First Impressions Mean Everything\n\nDiscover the 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First\nImpression Before You Even Get the Chance to Say Hello\n\n * Works Instantly\n * Scientifically Proven\n * Improve Your First Impression\n\n(Learn The 3 Non-Verbal Keys To A Great First Impression)\n\n* ## Popular Posts\n\nHow to Dress and Prepare for an Interview\n\nNovember 10, 2016\n\nHow to Dress for a Networking Event\n\nNovember 2, 2016\n\nThis Week In Charm – Michelle Lederman | Nick Unsworth | Faults\n\nJuly 8, 2016\n\nThis Week In Charm – Angela Duckworth | Jason McCarthy | Kindness\n\nJuly 1, 2016\n\nThis Week In Charm – General Hayden | Amy Herman | Loneliness\n\nJune 24, 2016\n\n#### Where Should We Send Your\n\n## FREE Guide?\n\nThe 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First Impression\n\nWe Hate SPAM & Promise to NEVER Share Your Info!\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * FAQs\n * Social Capital Login\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170608043341/http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Body Language of Attraction\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Body language is an essential ingredient of attraction. When we talk about love, dating and romance, body language plays a big role.\",\n \"To understand modern day nonverbal signals of attraction it is helpful to look at the history of where our body language comes from. Our caveman ancestors used the same body language we use today. Here are the messages we are trying to send with our body language to potential mates, and what is seen as attractive:\",\n \"Rutgers University anthropologist Helen Fisher, says that the human body knows within one second whether someone’s physically attractive or not. Here are the body language cues that humans find most attractive:\",\n \"Availability: Both males and females find people with available body language the most attractive. Available body language is smiling, uncrossed arms, uncrossed legs and upward gazing (not looking down at shoes or phones).\",\n \"Fertility: From an evolutionary perspective, humans are tuned into body language cues that signal fertility and youth. Luckily, these can be emphasized with body language. For men, standing up straight, squaring the shoulders, planting feet slightly more than shoulder width apart and displaying hands are all signs of fertility. For a woman, keeping your hair down, tilting your head to expose pheromones and keeping hands and wrists visible to display the soft skin of the wrists are highly attractive for men.\",\n \"Once our mind decides we like someone as a potential mate our body automatically begins to change physically to attract the person. Our cheeks flush to make us look like we are aroused, our lips swell to look more fertile and even our pheromones pump to attract the other person. There are a few things we can do to attract a mate from a body language perspective.\",\n \"Lean In: Leaning towards someone is a nonverbal way of telling them you are engaged. This works especially well if you are in a group of people and you are interested in one person in the group. A way to show them you are interested is by leaning towards them. This subconsciously will pull them in your direction.\",\n \"Head Tilting: Head tilting shows interest and engagement. If you are speaking with someone, let them know you are present and interested by tilting your head and gazing at them. Be sure to not look over their head or around the room, this shows lack of interest and sensitivity.\",\n \"So, what are the actual signs of attraction? How do they come out in the body? Here are some body language cues for attraction:\",\n \"When we are attracted to someone, blood will flow to our face, causing our cheeks to get red. This happens to mimic the orgasm effect where we get flushed. It is an evolutionary way the body tries to attract the opposite sex. This is why women wear blush. This also happens with lips and eyes. The redder the lips and the whiter the eyes the more fertile and attractive someone is.\",\n \"Purse behavior is a form of nonverbal communication. It is how someone interacts with their environment based on their emotions. The purse is an interesting indicator of nonverbal behavior. For example, if a woman is feeling uncomfortable or not attracted to someone she will either clutch her bag tightly or place it in front of or covering her body. When a woman is attracted to a man she literally and figuratively wants nothing to stand in the way between her and her man. If she is loosely holding her purse and it is not blocking her front this shows she is at ease and feels more attraction. Better yet, if she puts it on the floor, a nearby table or on the back of the chair she wants it out of the way for her interactions with you. [Please note context here, if you are in a very public or potentially dangerous location she could be gripping her purse for safety concerns, but in a casual place or on a date this can be a good indicator].\",\n \"I was actually at a singles event the other night and watched a man and woman talking. The woman had her purse partially blocking her body and was tightly gripping the handle under her arm. Then the man told her he was a doctor and the woman literally swung her purse up and over her shoulder out of the way. It was amazing.\",\n \"“He makes my heart race” is no cliche. Studies have found that when someone is near an attractive person their heart rate increases. AND this works both ways. Researchers tried increasing someone’s heart rate and then put him or her near a stranger. This then artificially made the person seem even more attractive. People seem more attractive when our heart is racing. I wouldn’t recommend taking someone’s pulse on a date or in a bar, but you can see someone’s breathing rate increase and you can feel the heat of their palm if you are holding their hand and want to go in for a kiss.\",\n \"The feet serve as a direct reflection of a person’s attitude. The key is to recognize where a person’s feet are pointed. When the feet are pointed directly toward another person, this is a sign of attraction, or at the very least, genuine interest. If, on the other hand, the feet are pointed away or towards the exit, this means that signs of attraction are probably not present.\",\n \"We like to think we are great at spotting lies—but on average we can only detect deception with about 54% accuracy. That’s barely better than chance!\",\n \"We should all know how to have more honest interactions. We should all be able to protect ourselves from liars. We should all be able to decode hidden emotions.\",\n \"Vanessa Van Edwards is a published author and behavioral investigator. She is a Huffington Post columnist and her courses and research has been featured on CNN, Forbes, Business Week and the Wall Street Journal. As a published Penguin author, Vanessa regularly speaks and appears in the media to talk about her research. She is a sought after consultant and speaker.\",\n \"I think knowing these cues can only give confidence to proceed forward, with less self consciousness, while engaging with someone you find attractive. To know in a few moments that someone is interested would take a great chunk out of the awkwardness I feel when I like someone! The beginning is always the hardest part for me. I think it would free me up to just be myself! Thank you Vanessa!!\",\n \"The beginning is the hardest part for EVERYONE! You are not alone in that at all. Body language can take that edge off...it has for me just giving me something else to focus on other than nerves. Cheers!\",\n \"I have a lot of practice to do. I had no idea I was sending off all of the wrong signals. YIKES!\",\n \"This is so interesting! I’m not in the dating scene anymore (since I’m engaged), but I’m definitely going to use these tips to watch how dates are going and observe people!\",\n \"Classic! Definitely not in the dating space... but will keep an eye out for this in the business realm! Haha\",\n \"I’ve always thought how we think is the way act and vice versa. This is awesome info. Knowing this surf is almost like watching a movie with the sound off but you can tell what’s going on\",\n \"Hi Dave, exactly right! We like to say it’s like seeing the world in High Definition now. 🙂 -Danielle and the Science of People Team\",\n \"Interesting fact about the heart rate, it makes me wonder if a person is more likely to get attention from another person who just stopped exercising.\",\n \"For example if this happens at the gym a guy shows that is healthy (or at least trying to be), and strong, and probably fertile and a girl will be with a high heart rate, flushed, healthy, fertile, etc...\",\n \"Hi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on while at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense. Thanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\",\n \"Hi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on while at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense. Thanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\",\n \"I’ve been trained by master pick up artists to point my feet away from women to create attraction as it reveals that I have options with other women.\",\n \"It may convey interest to point towards her, but if you want her to become interested you must show disinterest in the first interaction. Most men are interested in a beautiful women immediately, so being disinterested will make you more interesting and attractive.\",\n \"Hi Alexander, interesting perspective. I know, as a woman, that a man purposely acting disinterested in me would not be attractive in the slightest. If anything, the type of woman you are attracting most likely has incredibly low self-esteem if she’s interested in this disrespectful tactic. -Danielle and the Science of People Team\",\n \"Ok, hey awesome reply. I think the pointing away is meant to be a replacement for the needy body language most men do by leaning in close, giving her their full positive body language while she tries to keep a reasonable distance and is inevitably turned off.\",\n \"A technique to avoid this creepy, needy feeling is by standing side by side the to person you’re talking to. You can get really close without making them feel uncomfortable. Cheers!\",\n \"I definitely see where you’re coming from. In no way are we condoning being creepy or needy. Creepy is very bad, hah. Standing side-by-side is an alternative if you’re worried about giving off the wrong signals. Look for other signs too: open torso or arms crossed, purse out of the way or clutched in front of her. Thanks for the insight! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\",\n \"Great advice. However, men should never lean in when attempting to attract a female unless she’s speaking and it’s hard to hear her. When he’s speaking to her he should always lean back or sit up straight and speak louder if she can’t hear him. As for women.. leaning in is good. 😉 Thanks.\",\n \"Hi, G. Leaning is not gender-specific. While it may be more common for females to “lean in”, it is perfectly acceptable for males to lean in to show interest during a conversation. The head-tilt is also a great nonverbal technique to show interest for both males and females. Thanks for your comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\",\n \"After watching 5 Habits of Exceptionally Charismatic People... while it’s true that charismatic people tend to think of the most interesting questions to ask I’ve found in my own experience that wasn’t the case. I am much more reserved more so introverted, sensitive and attentive to other people’s emotions and feelings on a personable level without passing judgment. When conversing with other people I like to engage in conversations that are much more meaningful. I know in my own experience while observing the other person I was conversing with 10/10 I never really had to ask a person to open themselves up to me. I’ve had many experiences where some people felt the need to share their story and open up to me on their own. I’ve always wondered, why is that?\",\n \"These are all great tips with meeting someone in person. I just hope that with the emerging digital age, people won’t forget about these.\",\n \"Your body language must be great Vanessa due to your general physical appearance.So keep on teaching this art of being and you will succeed...\",\n \"What is the male equivalent to the purse? Do men take out their wallets and hold it in front of them ^^ ?\",\n \"Good question, Bella! Men could block with a chair, a notebook or a drink depending on what’s around them. They may also block by crossing their arms. It’s not as easy for them to block since women typically always carry a purse but it can happen if they are feeling uncomfortable or nervous!\",\n \"Probably a briefcase, if a man has one. If he doesn’t, then you have to look for other cues, I suppose. I notice I move my briefcase around in ways just like this article describes, although I never clutch it over my chest.\",\n \"Some of these I have heard before, but something that really intrigued me is that women tend to touch their suprasternal notch when the conversation takes an intimate turn. As soon as Vanessa mentioned that, I thought of times I’ve touched my little “notch” when talking to someone. These are so interesting ! I work at a bar and I see either a lot of dates or a lot of men hitting on women so I want to take all of these body language cues and see if I can see them in action as I people watch at work!! 🙂\",\n \"So is the article correct in the assumption that women who touch their “notch” subconciously are opening up more to the possibility of dating the person they are engaging with? Honestly, I haven’t bought in to it. Maybe some women are just overly sensual. Or maybe they are picturing a different person in that scenario.\",\n \"And to ask is it everyone that understands body language? Because you might be seriously expressing your feelings in body language to your admirer and might seems not to realize your emotions.\",\n \"The available text has to do with the love attraction at the first sight. A signal that one is fertile and available to the opposite sex. I do agree that the attraction changes immediately as the partners reveal their identity. It may be negative or positive depends on the mental aptitude of the one. Such love attraction May continue or may not depends on the mental aptitude of the partners. The text has more to do with the physical love but most of us do not cherish physical love all the time. Healthy life continues with emotional love with some sort of piousness. The text lacks in such attraction of love.\",\n \"Am I correct in concluding that the only way to interpret body language as flirting is if you see more than 2 signs? Because, I see this behavior alot from opposite and same sex genders. I tend to see a variety of body language signals from several different people. I don’t know. It’s all contextual and it’s interesting to see the behavior on a regular basis at work. I notice more at work.\",\n \"There is only one person who has exhibited multiple signs that they might be interested in dating. I like her but I don’t know if I would date her. It’s interesting because I recognize the flirting subconciously and I feed off the flirting and escalate it not really knowing if I am interested in her. It’s only after we get done interacting that I conciously recognized we were flirting. In the moment my brain is asking my body “wth is going on stay on target”. I’m confused. My brain says one thing but my body enjoys the flirting.\",\n \"I think you can separate feeling flattered that someone finds you attractive enough to flirt, and having a further interest in that particular person. They are separate things. Oh, and “I don’t know if I would date them” means you’re not interested in dating them. 🙂\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Body Language of Attraction | Science of People\\n\\n * Start Here\\n * Book\\n * Speaking\\n * Awesome\\n\\n# Captivate everyone you meet\\n\\n## Be the most memorable person in the room with our latest book\\n\\nBuy Now\\n\\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\\n\\n# Body Language of Attraction\\n\\nBody language is an essential ingredient of attraction. When we talk about\\nlove, dating and romance, body language plays a big role.\\n\\nSo many people wonder:\\n\\n“What happened in this relationship?”\\n\\n“Do they like me?”\\n\\n“Why didn’t they call?”\\n\\n> Body language will give you the tools to know where you stand.\\n\\nThe question is how do we use body language to be attractive and how does body\\nlanguage play a role in attraction? I’m currently writing a course about Body\\nLanguage and Love and thought it would be fun to do a post on body language\\nand attraction as I do my research.\\n\\n## The Basics of the Body Language of Attraction:\\n\\nTo understand modern day nonverbal signals of attraction it is helpful to look\\nat the history of where our body language comes from. Our caveman ancestors\\nused the same body language we use today. Here are the messages we are trying\\nto send with our body language to potential mates, and what is seen as\\nattractive:\\n\\n * I’m open\\n * I’m harmless\\n * I’m interested\\n * I’m approachable\\n * I’m fertile\\n\\nThe question is, how does attraction happen?\\n\\n## Step One: First Impressions\\n\\nRutgers University anthropologist Helen Fisher, says that the human body knows\\nwithin one second whether someone’s physically attractive or not. Here are the\\nbody language cues that humans find most attractive:\\n\\n * Availability: Both males and females find people with available body language the most attractive. Available body language is smiling, uncrossed arms, uncrossed legs and upward gazing (not looking down at shoes or phones).\\n * Fertility: From an evolutionary perspective, humans are tuned into body language cues that signal fertility and youth. Luckily, these can be emphasized with body language. For men, standing up straight, squaring the shoulders, planting feet slightly more than shoulder width apart and displaying hands are all signs of fertility. For a woman, keeping your hair down, tilting your head to expose pheromones and keeping hands and wrists visible to display the soft skin of the wrists are highly attractive for men.\\n\\n## Step Two: Attract Them While You Can\\n\\nOnce our mind decides we like someone as a potential mate our body\\nautomatically begins to change physically to attract the person. Our cheeks\\nflush to make us look like we are aroused, our lips swell to look more fertile\\nand even our pheromones pump to attract the other person. There are a few\\nthings we can do to attract a mate from a body language perspective.\\n\\n * Lean In: Leaning towards someone is a nonverbal way of telling them you are engaged. This works especially well if you are in a group of people and you are interested in one person in the group. A way to show them you are interested is by leaning towards them. This subconsciously will pull them in your direction.\\n * Head Tilting: Head tilting shows interest and engagement. If you are speaking with someone, let them know you are present and interested by tilting your head and gazing at them. Be sure to not look over their head or around the room, this shows lack of interest and sensitivity.\\n\\n## Step Three: Find the Signs\\n\\nSo, what are the actual signs of attraction? How do they come out in the body?\\nHere are some body language cues for attraction:\\n\\n### 1\\\\. Flushed and Blushed\\n\\nWhen we are attracted to someone, blood will flow to our face, causing our\\ncheeks to get red. This happens to mimic the orgasm effect where we get\\nflushed. It is an evolutionary way the body tries to attract the opposite sex.\\nThis is why women wear blush. This also happens with lips and eyes. The redder\\nthe lips and the whiter the eyes the more fertile and attractive someone is.\\n\\n### 2\\\\. The Power of the Purse\\n\\nPurse behavior is a form of nonverbal communication. It is how someone\\ninteracts with their environment based on their emotions. The purse is an\\ninteresting indicator of nonverbal behavior. For example, if a woman is\\nfeeling uncomfortable or not attracted to someone she will either clutch her\\nbag tightly or place it in front of or covering her body. When a woman is\\nattracted to a man she literally and figuratively wants nothing to stand in\\nthe way between her and her man. If she is loosely holding her purse and it is\\nnot blocking her front this shows she is at ease and feels more attraction.\\nBetter yet, if she puts it on the floor, a nearby table or on the back of the\\nchair she wants it out of the way for her interactions with you. [Please note\\ncontext here, if you are in a very public or potentially dangerous location\\nshe could be gripping her purse for safety concerns, but in a casual place or\\non a date this can be a good indicator].\\n\\n> I was actually at a singles event the other night and watched a man and\\n> woman talking. The woman had her purse partially blocking her body and was\\n> tightly gripping the handle under her arm. Then the man told her he was a\\n> doctor and the woman literally swung her purse up and over her shoulder out\\n> of the way. It was amazing.\\n\\n### 3\\\\. Their Heart Races\\n\\n“He makes my heart race” is no cliche. Studies have found that when someone is\\nnear an attractive person their heart rate increases. AND this works both\\nways. Researchers tried increasing someone’s heart rate and then put him or\\nher near a stranger. This then artificially made the person seem even more\\nattractive. People seem more attractive when our heart is racing. I wouldn’t\\nrecommend taking someone’s pulse on a date or in a bar, but you can see\\nsomeone’s breathing rate increase and you can feel the heat of their palm if\\nyou are holding their hand and want to go in for a kiss.\\n\\nThese attraction tips are heating me up!\\n\\n### 4\\\\. Their Feet Like You\\n\\nThe feet serve as a direct reflection of a person’s attitude. The key is to\\nrecognize where a person’s feet are pointed. When the feet are pointed\\ndirectly toward another person, this is a sign of attraction, or at the very\\nleast, genuine interest. If, on the other hand, the feet are pointed away or\\ntowards the exit, this means that signs of attraction are probably not\\npresent.\\n\\nWe have more posts on the Body Language and Attraction. Here is what you might\\nlike:\\n\\n * 13 Great First Date Questions\\n * How to Turn People On\\n * The 5 Love Languages\\n\\n### Did you like this post? If so, you may want to check out our BONUS course,\\nLie Detection in 100 Minutes — never be lied to by a date again!\\n\\nDo you know when someone is lying to you?\\n\\nWe like to think we are great at spotting lies—but on average we can only\\ndetect deception with about 54% accuracy. That’s barely better than chance!\\n\\nI believe learning how to spot deception is a life skill.\\n\\nWe should all know how to have more honest interactions. We should all be able\\nto protect ourselves from liars. We should all be able to decode hidden\\nemotions.\\n\\nThat is what our new course is all about.\\n\\nI want to teach you how to:\\n\\n * Improve your lie-spotting abilities to up to 90% accuracy\\n * Decode hidden emotions\\n * Increase the honesty of your interactions\\n * Learn the secrets of body language\\n\\nHere’s the best part. All it takes is 100 minutes.\\n\\nCitations:\\n\\nPease, Allan, and Barbara Pease. The Body Language of Love. [Buderim, Qld.]:\\nPease International, 2012.\\n\\nBurgoon, Judee K., Laura K. Guerrero, and Kory Floyd. Nonverbal Communication.\\nBoston: Allyn & Bacon, 2010.\\n\\nhttp://www.oprah.com/relationships/Love-at-First-Sight-Helen-Fisher-Love-\\nColumn\\n\\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&id=1997-38342-007\\n\\nPease, Allan, and Barbara Pease. The Definitive Book of Body Language. New\\nYork: Bantam, 2006.\\n\\n###### All Rights Reserved + COPYRIGHT 2013 Science of People, LLC\\n\\n### About Vanessa Van Edwards\\n\\nVanessa Van Edwards is a published author and behavioral investigator. She is\\na Huffington Post columnist and her courses and research has been featured on\\nCNN, Forbes, Business Week and the Wall Street Journal. As a published Penguin\\nauthor, Vanessa regularly speaks and appears in the media to talk about her\\nresearch. She is a sought after consultant and speaker.\\n\\n## 45 Comments\\n\\n 1. Karen Friedman\\n\\nNovember 8, 2013 at 9:52 pm\\n\\nI think knowing these cues can only give confidence to proceed forward, with\\nless self consciousness, while engaging with someone you find attractive. To\\nknow in a few moments that someone is interested would take a great chunk out\\nof the awkwardness I feel when I like someone! The beginning is always the\\nhardest part for me. I think it would free me up to just be myself! Thank you\\nVanessa!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Vanessa Van Edwards\\n\\nNovember 17, 2013 at 6:15 pm\\n\\nThe beginning is the hardest part for EVERYONE! You are not alone in that at\\nall. Body language can take that edge off...it has for me just giving me\\nsomething else to focus on other than nerves. Cheers!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Stephanie\\n\\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:35 pm\\n\\nLove this article! I hadn’t heard many of the tips before. Thanks!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Joshua F\\n\\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:36 pm\\n\\nDating is so hard and reading the attraction signals are the worst. This makes\\nit a bit easier.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 4. Maggie\\n\\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:37 pm\\n\\nI have a lot of practice to do. I had no idea I was sending off all of the\\nwrong signals. YIKES!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 5. Danielle McRae\\n\\nDecember 23, 2013 at 9:22 pm\\n\\nThis is so interesting! I’m not in the dating scene anymore (since I’m\\nengaged), but I’m definitely going to use these tips to watch how dates are\\ngoing and observe people!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 6. Cait\\n\\nJanuary 30, 2014 at 1:34 pm\\n\\nLove this Vanessa! So fun to have the upper hand and know why we do the things\\nwe do!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 7. Pingback: 10 Ways Science Can Make You a Better Flirt | The Date Report\\n\\n 8. mustafa\\n\\nMay 15, 2014 at 3:57 am\\n\\nNice I like it Ty Vanessa\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 9. Emma Weise\\n\\nMay 24, 2014 at 9:25 am\\n\\nClassic! Definitely not in the dating space... but will keep an eye out for\\nthis in the business realm! Haha\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 10. Ray\\n\\nMay 26, 2014 at 9:41 am\\n\\nunintentionally i was giving right cues. Thanks for sharing 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 11. Sabra Ann Huber\\n\\nJuly 8, 2014 at 11:50 am\\n\\nOutstanding\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 12. Dave\\n\\nJuly 10, 2014 at 4:47 am\\n\\nI’ve always thought how we think is the way act and vice versa. This is\\nawesome info. Knowing this surf is almost like watching a movie with the sound\\noff but you can tell what’s going on\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Danielle McRae\\n\\nJuly 21, 2014 at 10:48 pm\\n\\nHi Dave, exactly right! We like to say it’s like seeing the world in High\\nDefinition now. 🙂 -Danielle and the Science of People Team\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 13. Alan Chavez\\n\\nJuly 29, 2014 at 11:39 am\\n\\nInteresting fact about the heart rate, it makes me wonder if a person is more\\nlikely to get attention from another person who just stopped exercising.\\n\\nFor example if this happens at the gym a guy shows that is healthy (or at\\nleast trying to be), and strong, and probably fertile and a girl will be with\\na high heart rate, flushed, healthy, fertile, etc...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Danielle McRae\\n\\nJuly 30, 2014 at 7:31 pm\\n\\nHi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on\\nwhile at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense.\\nThanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Danielle McRae\\n\\nAugust 4, 2014 at 6:26 pm\\n\\nHi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on\\nwhile at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense.\\nThanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 14. Alexander Peraza\\n\\nAugust 18, 2014 at 12:07 am\\n\\nI’ve been trained by master pick up artists to point my feet away from women\\nto create attraction as it reveals that I have options with other women.\\n\\nIt may convey interest to point towards her, but if you want her to become\\ninterested you must show disinterest in the first interaction. Most men are\\ninterested in a beautiful women immediately, so being disinterested will make\\nyou more interesting and attractive.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Danielle McRae\\n\\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:24 pm\\n\\nHi Alexander, interesting perspective. I know, as a woman, that a man\\npurposely acting disinterested in me would not be attractive in the slightest.\\nIf anything, the type of woman you are attracting most likely has incredibly\\nlow self-esteem if she’s interested in this disrespectful tactic. -Danielle\\nand the Science of People Team\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Alexander Peraza\\n\\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:44 pm\\n\\nOk, hey awesome reply. I think the pointing away is meant to be a replacement\\nfor the needy body language most men do by leaning in close, giving her their\\nfull positive body language while she tries to keep a reasonable distance and\\nis inevitably turned off.\\n\\nA technique to avoid this creepy, needy feeling is by standing side by side\\nthe to person you’re talking to. You can get really close without making them\\nfeel uncomfortable. Cheers!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Danielle McRae\\n\\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:55 pm\\n\\nI definitely see where you’re coming from. In no way are we condoning being\\ncreepy or needy. Creepy is very bad, hah. Standing side-by-side is an\\nalternative if you’re worried about giving off the wrong signals. Look for\\nother signs too: open torso or arms crossed, purse out of the way or clutched\\nin front of her. Thanks for the insight! -Danielle and the Science of People\\nTeam\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 15. G Hollingsworth\\n\\nSeptember 7, 2014 at 6:00 pm\\n\\nGreat advice. However, men should never lean in when attempting to attract a\\nfemale unless she’s speaking and it’s hard to hear her. When he’s speaking to\\nher he should always lean back or sit up straight and speak louder if she\\ncan’t hear him. As for women.. leaning in is good. 😉 Thanks.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Danielle McRae\\n\\nSeptember 10, 2014 at 10:02 pm\\n\\nHi, G. Leaning is not gender-specific. While it may be more common for females\\nto “lean in”, it is perfectly acceptable for males to lean in to show interest\\nduring a conversation. The head-tilt is also a great nonverbal technique to\\nshow interest for both males and females. Thanks for your comment! -Danielle\\nand the Science of People Team\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 16. Stacey Crutcher\\n\\nFebruary 12, 2015 at 11:05 pm\\n\\nAfter watching 5 Habits of Exceptionally Charismatic People... while it’s true\\nthat charismatic people tend to think of the most interesting questions to ask\\nI’ve found in my own experience that wasn’t the case. I am much more reserved\\nmore so introverted, sensitive and attentive to other people’s emotions and\\nfeelings on a personable level without passing judgment. When conversing with\\nother people I like to engage in conversations that are much more meaningful.\\nI know in my own experience while observing the other person I was conversing\\nwith 10/10 I never really had to ask a person to open themselves up to me.\\nI’ve had many experiences where some people felt the need to share their story\\nand open up to me on their own. I’ve always wondered, why is that?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 17. Dani\\n\\nMarch 7, 2015 at 6:32 am\\n\\nNow thats makes sense.. I love sciences. and you are the best. 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 18. Toh\\n\\nApril 2, 2015 at 11:28 pm\\n\\nI was wondering if body movement play a part too\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 19. Pingback: Attract Her With Body Language: 7 Flirting Cues Every Man Should Know | Newspaper Cat\\n\\n 20. Pingback: Science Explains How Body Language Can Make Or Break Your Date - Ice Trend\\n\\n 21. Robby Smith\\n\\nNovember 17, 2015 at 8:05 am\\n\\nThese are all great tips with meeting someone in person. I just hope that with\\nthe emerging digital age, people won’t forget about these.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 22. Richard\\n\\nJanuary 28, 2016 at 11:25 am\\n\\nYour body language must be great Vanessa due to your general physical\\nappearance.So keep on teaching this art of being and you will succeed...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 23. Bella Perennis\\n\\nFebruary 6, 2016 at 3:52 am\\n\\nWhat is the male equivalent to the purse? Do men take out their wallets and\\nhold it in front of them ^^ ?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Danielle McRae\\n\\nFebruary 8, 2016 at 10:38 am\\n\\nGood question, Bella! Men could block with a chair, a notebook or a drink\\ndepending on what’s around them. They may also block by crossing their arms.\\nIt’s not as easy for them to block since women typically always carry a purse\\nbut it can happen if they are feeling uncomfortable or nervous!\\n\\nDanielle | Science of People Team\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Martin Johncox\\n\\nApril 16, 2016 at 9:02 pm\\n\\nProbably a briefcase, if a man has one. If he doesn’t, then you have to look\\nfor other cues, I suppose. I notice I move my briefcase around in ways just\\nlike this article describes, although I never clutch it over my chest.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 24. Liam Hayes\\n\\nFebruary 7, 2016 at 1:03 pm\\n\\nGreat tips! 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 25. Lauren Freeman\\n\\nFebruary 14, 2016 at 6:21 pm\\n\\nSome of these I have heard before, but something that really intrigued me is\\nthat women tend to touch their suprasternal notch when the conversation takes\\nan intimate turn. As soon as Vanessa mentioned that, I thought of times I’ve\\ntouched my little “notch” when talking to someone. These are so interesting !\\nI work at a bar and I see either a lot of dates or a lot of men hitting on\\nwomen so I want to take all of these body language cues and see if I can see\\nthem in action as I people watch at work!! 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Mark\\n\\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 5:17 pm\\n\\nSo is the article correct in the assumption that women who touch their “notch”\\nsubconciously are opening up more to the possibility of dating the person they\\nare engaging with? Honestly, I haven’t bought in to it. Maybe some women are\\njust overly sensual. Or maybe they are picturing a different person in that\\nscenario.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 26. Drishti Narang\\n\\nFebruary 29, 2016 at 8:10 pm\\n\\nThe things we see as the smallest have such big impacts. I definitely enjoyed\\nthe article, thanks Vanessa!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 27. Pingback: Why Body Language Speaks Louder than Words – AuCare À la mode\\n\\n 28. emelia\\n\\nMay 22, 2016 at 6:47 am\\n\\nAnd to ask is it everyone that understands body language? Because you might be\\nseriously expressing your feelings in body language to your admirer and might\\nseems not to realize your emotions.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 29. Dan\\n\\nMay 24, 2016 at 3:02 am\\n\\nGreat article. I especially like the part on availability & fertility.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 30. Dr Ajay Kumar Singh\\n\\nMay 25, 2016 at 3:30 am\\n\\nThe available text has to do with the love attraction at the first sight. A\\nsignal that one is fertile and available to the opposite sex. I do agree that\\nthe attraction changes immediately as the partners reveal their identity. It\\nmay be negative or positive depends on the mental aptitude of the one. Such\\nlove attraction May continue or may not depends on the mental aptitude of the\\npartners. The text has more to do with the physical love but most of us do not\\ncherish physical love all the time. Healthy life continues with emotional love\\nwith some sort of piousness. The text lacks in such attraction of love.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 31. Karla\\n\\nJune 7, 2016 at 2:51 pm\\n\\nOh la la! xD very useful tips!;)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 32. Mark\\n\\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 5:11 pm\\n\\nAm I correct in concluding that the only way to interpret body language as\\nflirting is if you see more than 2 signs? Because, I see this behavior alot\\nfrom opposite and same sex genders. I tend to see a variety of body language\\nsignals from several different people. I don’t know. It’s all contextual and\\nit’s interesting to see the behavior on a regular basis at work. I notice more\\nat work.\\n\\nThere is only one person who has exhibited multiple signs that they might be\\ninterested in dating. I like her but I don’t know if I would date her. It’s\\ninteresting because I recognize the flirting subconciously and I feed off the\\nflirting and escalate it not really knowing if I am interested in her. It’s\\nonly after we get done interacting that I conciously recognized we were\\nflirting. In the moment my brain is asking my body “wth is going on stay on\\ntarget”. I’m confused. My brain says one thing but my body enjoys the\\nflirting.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Melissa\\n\\nNovember 29, 2016 at 8:22 am\\n\\nI think you can separate feeling flattered that someone finds you attractive\\nenough to flirt, and having a further interest in that particular person. They\\nare separate things. Oh, and “I don’t know if I would date them” means you’re\\nnot interested in dating them. 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 33. Pingback: Attract Her With Body Language: 7 Flirting Cues Every Man Should Know » Newspaper Cat\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n### As Seen On:\\n\\n### Get the FREE Resources:\\n\\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\\n\\n### Research:\\n\\n * Book Club Book: The Upside of Stress\\n * Discover the One Thing That is Essential to Your Success\\n * How to Spare Yourself from Tedious Small Talk\\n\\n### Search:\\n\\nFavorite Tweets by @vvanedwards\\n\\nDo Not Click Here\\n\\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\\n\\n * Start Here\\n * Book\\n * Speaking\\n * Awesome\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161120120753/http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Eye Contact and Attraction\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"When it comes to attraction, eye contact does a lot. You can use eye contact to show a girl you’re interested, to gauge her interest, and to create or deepen her attraction in you. This article will cover all of that, and will even touch on the secret that allows you to make perfect eye contact with a woman every time.\",\n \"Eye contact and attraction go hand in hand; the simplest way to show a girl you’re interested in her is through eye contact. It may seem like a subtle sign of interest to guys, but to women it’s clear as day. But to do it right, you want to avoid the mistake most guys make in giving too much eye contact too soon.\",\n \"You see, your eye contact reflects your level of interest, and interest becomes more valuable the more she has to work for it. So if you’re at a bar and just started talking to a girl you don’t know, then you want to make eye contact about 50% of the time. The rest of the time can be spent looking elsewhere (if you stand shoulder to shoulder, rather than face to face, it’s easy to casually look away). As the interaction progresses and she proves that she’s an awesome girl, you’ll want to reward her with more interest. This is when you give her more and more eye contact.\",\n \"Eye contact is the most common indicator a girl is interested in you. If you’re wondering whether or not that girl across the room is wants to meet you, here are a few ways eye contact will let you know:\",\n \"If a girl makes eye contact with you, looks away, and then looks back at you all within about 30 seconds...she’s interested.\",\n \"If you lock eyes with a girl and she immediately looks down and away, that’s a sign of embarrassment. She’s probably interested, but just feels shy.\",\n \"If you lock eyes with a girl for a longer period of time than the usual quick glance – even if it’s just 2-3 seconds – it’s a sign she’s likely interested.\",\n \"Our eyes express our emotional state. Anytime you allow someone to look into your eyes you’re allowing them to see how you feel at that moment. You’re making yourself vulnerable and letting them get a glimpse of the real you. And this is why eye contact and attraction are so strongly connected. Eye contact is an incredibly strong indicator of confidence.\",\n \"When someone feels insecure they will have a hard time maintaining eye contact. Their eyes will likely dart around the room as a means of “hiding”. But when someone feels confident, maintaining eye contact comes easily. A confident man is able to keep a strong, steady gaze. His eyes don’t dart nervously, they move with purpose and intention.\",\n \"So when you’re talking to a woman, keep a steady gaze. When you look away do so with purpose and intention and avoid nervous darting. It’ll help you come across as more confident, which will help generate those feelings of attraction in her.\",\n \"Plenty of guys can make strong, steady eye contact but still find they’re unable to connect or build much attraction. This usually is a result of how they make eye contact. To build attraction eye contact needs to show more than confidence. It also needs to show that you’re a positive, friendly guy. And the way to do this is by “smiling with your eyes”.\",\n \"Listen or watch something that makes you laugh really hard. When you’re done laughing, notice how your eyes feel and take a look at them in a mirror. You can see and feel that warm positivity coming from your eyes. Remember that feeling, because that’s what you want to have whenever you make eye contact with a woman. You’ll project a warm, friendly vibe and she’ll be more receptive to you.\",\n \"Sure eye contact shows confidence and interest, but that’s not what it’s really about. What eye contact is really about, is giving. It’s about giving the woman attention and respect, and showing her that you appreciate her for the beautiful person she is (and not just physical beauty). When you’re able to see a woman in that light – to look at her and appreciate her for who she is – then perfect, effortless eye contact (the steady gaze, smiling with your eyes, knowing when to hold eye contact and when to look away) all comes naturally.\",\n \"When you’re checking out a girl and she catches you, what do you do? Lots of guys out there will feel embarrassed, avert their eyes, and act like nothing happened. Their eyes will often dart down and away, as if to tell the woman “sorry I was checking you out”.\",\n \"But all this does is show a lack of confidence. And if that’s her first impression, then building up any attraction is going to be incredibly difficult. So instead of apologizing, own up to it. Maintain that eye contact and attraction will have a chance to be created.\",\n \"Besides, there’s nothing wrong with letting a girl know she’s attractive and has caught you’re attention. It’s flattering. So long as you’re not creepy about it, there’s nothing to worry about. And to ensure you don’t come off as creepy, all you’ve got to do is relax and give her a nice smile.\",\n \"Once he realized attracting women was something he could learn Brian spent way too much of his free time studying and practicing everything he could find on the subject. He stumbled across The Art of Charm Podcast and eventually signed up for an AoC bootcamp. Excited by the progress he’s made in his own life since the program he decided to start writing for AoC to help other guys do the same. By writing about interpersonal dynamics he’s finally able to put that psychology degree to good use. View all posts by Brian M →\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Eye Contact and Attraction - The Art of Charm\\n\\nAdvanced Social Skills Training for Top Performers\\n\\nAs Seen On\\n\\n# Eye Contact and Attraction\\n\\nWhen it comes to attraction, eye contact does a lot. You can use eye contact\\nto show a girl you’re interested, to gauge her interest, and to create or\\ndeepen her attraction in you. This article will cover all of that, and will\\neven touch on the secret that allows you to make perfect eye contact with a\\nwoman every time.\\n\\nUsing eye contact to show interest\\n\\nEye contact and attraction go hand in hand; the simplest way to show a girl\\nyou’re interested in her is through eye contact. It may seem like a subtle\\nsign of interest to guys, but to women it’s clear as day. But to do it right,\\nyou want to avoid the mistake most guys make in giving too much eye contact\\ntoo soon.\\n\\nYou see, your eye contact reflects your level of interest, and interest\\nbecomes more valuable the more she has to work for it. So if you’re at a bar\\nand just started talking to a girl you don’t know, then you want to make eye\\ncontact about 50% of the time. The rest of the time can be spent looking\\nelsewhere (if you stand shoulder to shoulder, rather than face to face, it’s\\neasy to casually look away). As the interaction progresses and she proves that\\nshe’s an awesome girl, you’ll want to reward her with more interest. This is\\nwhen you give her more and more eye contact.\\n\\nUsing eye contact to gauge interest\\n\\nEye contact is the most common indicator a girl is interested in you. If\\nyou’re wondering whether or not that girl across the room is wants to meet\\nyou, here are a few ways eye contact will let you know:\\n\\n * If a girl makes eye contact with you, looks away, and then looks back at you all within about 30 seconds...she’s interested.\\n\\n * If you lock eyes with a girl and she immediately looks down and away, that’s a sign of embarrassment. She’s probably interested, but just feels shy.\\n\\n * If you lock eyes with a girl for a longer period of time than the usual quick glance – even if it’s just 2-3 seconds – it’s a sign she’s likely interested.\\n\\nCreate attraction with confident eye contact\\n\\nOur eyes express our emotional state. Anytime you allow someone to look into\\nyour eyes you’re allowing them to see how you feel at that moment. You’re\\nmaking yourself vulnerable and letting them get a glimpse of the real you. And\\nthis is why eye contact and attraction are so strongly connected. Eye contact\\nis an incredibly strong indicator of confidence.\\n\\nWhen someone feels insecure they will have a hard time maintaining eye\\ncontact. Their eyes will likely dart around the room as a means of “hiding”.\\nBut when someone feels confident, maintaining eye contact comes easily. A\\nconfident man is able to keep a strong, steady gaze. His eyes don’t dart\\nnervously, they move with purpose and intention.\\n\\nSo when you’re talking to a woman, keep a steady gaze. When you look away do\\nso with purpose and intention and avoid nervous darting. It’ll help you come\\nacross as more confident, which will help generate those feelings of\\nattraction in her.\\n\\nCreate attraction with friendly eye contact\\n\\nPlenty of guys can make strong, steady eye contact but still find they’re\\nunable to connect or build much attraction. This usually is a result of how\\nthey make eye contact. To build attraction eye contact needs to show more than\\nconfidence. It also needs to show that you’re a positive, friendly guy. And\\nthe way to do this is by “smiling with your eyes”.\\n\\nListen or watch something that makes you laugh really hard. When you’re done\\nlaughing, notice how your eyes feel and take a look at them in a mirror. You\\ncan see and feel that warm positivity coming from your eyes. Remember that\\nfeeling, because that’s what you want to have whenever you make eye contact\\nwith a woman. You’ll project a warm, friendly vibe and she’ll be more\\nreceptive to you.\\n\\nThe secret to perfect, effortless eye contact\\n\\nSure eye contact shows confidence and interest, but that’s not what it’s\\nreally about. What eye contact is really about, is giving. It’s about giving\\nthe woman attention and respect, and showing her that you appreciate her for\\nthe beautiful person she is (and not just physical beauty). When you’re able\\nto see a woman in that light – to look at her and appreciate her for who she\\nis – then perfect, effortless eye contact (the steady gaze, smiling with your\\neyes, knowing when to hold eye contact and when to look away) all comes\\nnaturally.\\n\\nEye contact bonus! What to do when you get caught staring at a woman\\n\\nWhen you’re checking out a girl and she catches you, what do you do? Lots of\\nguys out there will feel embarrassed, avert their eyes, and act like nothing\\nhappened. Their eyes will often dart down and away, as if to tell the woman\\n“sorry I was checking you out”.\\n\\nBut all this does is show a lack of confidence. And if that’s her first\\nimpression, then building up any attraction is going to be incredibly\\ndifficult. So instead of apologizing, own up to it. Maintain that eye contact\\nand attraction will have a chance to be created.\\n\\nBesides, there’s nothing wrong with letting a girl know she’s attractive and\\nhas caught you’re attention. It’s flattering. So long as you’re not creepy\\nabout it, there’s nothing to worry about. And to ensure you don’t come off as\\ncreepy, all you’ve got to do is relax and give her a nice smile.\\n\\nPrint\\n\\n## First Impressions Mean Everything\\n\\nDiscover the 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First\\nImpression Before You Even Get the Chance to Say Hello\\n\\n(Learn the 3 Non-Verbal Keys To A Great First Impression)\\n\\n#### Where Should We Send Your\\n\\n## FREE Guide?\\n\\nThe 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First Impression\\n\\nWe Hate SPAM & Promise to NEVER Share Your Info!\\n\\nBrian M - author of 191 posts on The Art of Charm\\n\\nOnce he realized attracting women was something he could learn Brian spent way\\ntoo much of his free time studying and practicing everything he could find on\\nthe subject. He stumbled across The Art of Charm Podcast and eventually signed\\nup for an AoC bootcamp. Excited by the progress he’s made in his own life\\nsince the program he decided to start writing for AoC to help other guys do\\nthe same. By writing about interpersonal dynamics he’s finally able to put\\nthat psychology degree to good use. View all posts by Brian M →\\n\\nEmail\\n\\n* ## Popular Podcasts\\n\\n## Popular Podcasts\\n\\n#407: Dan Millman | Way of the Peaceful Warrior\\n\\n#405: Adam Nesrallah | What Spies Teach Us About Reading People\\n\\n#401: Todd Herman | The Power of Negative Thinking\\n\\n#399: Ramit Sethi | Cold Truths About Networking and Success\\n\\n#398: Michelle Lederman | The Laws of Likability\\n\\n* ## Leadmagnet – Slide 5\\n\\n# First Impressions Mean Everything\\n\\nDiscover the 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First\\nImpression Before You Even Get the Chance to Say Hello\\n\\n * Works Instantly\\n * Scientifically Proven\\n * Improve Your First Impression\\n\\n(Learn The 3 Non-Verbal Keys To A Great First Impression)\\n\\n* ## Popular Posts\\n\\nHow to Dress and Prepare for an Interview\\n\\nNovember 10, 2016\\n\\nHow to Dress for a Networking Event\\n\\nNovember 2, 2016\\n\\nThis Week In Charm – Michelle Lederman | Nick Unsworth | Faults\\n\\nJuly 8, 2016\\n\\nThis Week In Charm – Angela Duckworth | Jason McCarthy | Kindness\\n\\nJuly 1, 2016\\n\\nThis Week In Charm – General Hayden | Amy Herman | Loneliness\\n\\nJune 24, 2016\\n\\n#### Where Should We Send Your\\n\\n## FREE Guide?\\n\\nThe 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First Impression\\n\\nWe Hate SPAM & Promise to NEVER Share Your Info!\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms and Conditions\\n * FAQs\\n * Social Capital Login\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":369,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1259302,"string":"1,259,302"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Treat an Outer Ear Infection"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To treat an outer ear infection, it's important that you visit a doctor so they can clean your ear and prescribe antibiotics to clear up the infection. Once you've visited a doctor, there are things you can do to alleviate your symptoms at home, like holding a heating pad or warm washcloth against your ear. You can also take over-the-counter pain medication to reduce any discomfort you're experiencing. While you're waiting for your ear to heal, try to keep it as dry as possible so it heals faster."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20160705054835/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20160426165320/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723","http://web.archive.org/web/20210628000548/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682","http://web.archive.org/web/20170201192059/http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/","http://web.archive.org/web/20160502061556/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723","http://web.archive.org/web/20151129150658/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear","http://web.archive.org/web/20201020115915/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688","http://web.archive.org/web/20201020122022/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027","http://web.archive.org/web/20210423185302/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160705054835/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160426165320/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628000548/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170201192059/http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160502061556/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20151129150658/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020115915/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020122022/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423185302/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2104,"string":"2,104"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160705054835/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia","passages":["Swimmer's ear is inflammation, irritation, or infection of the outer ear and ear canal. The medical term for swimmer's ear is otitis externa.","Swimmer's ear is more common among teenagers and young adults. It may occur with a middle ear infection or a respiratory infection such as a cold.","Swimming in unclean water can lead to swimmer's ear. Pseudomonas and other bacteria commonly often found in water can cause ear infections. Rarely, the infection may be caused by a fungus.","The health care provider will look inside your ears. The ear canal area will look red and swollen. The skin inside the ear canal may be scaly or shedding.","Touching or moving the outer ear will increase the pain. The eardrum may be hard to see because of a swelling in the outer ear. Or, the eardrum may have a hole in it. This is called a perforation.","A sample of fluid may be removed from the ear and sent to a lab to look for bacteria or fungus.","In most cases, you will need to use ear drops containing antibiotics for 10 to 14 days. If the ear canal is very swollen, a wick may be put into the ear to allow the drops to travel to the end of the canal. Your doctor or nurse can show you how to do this.","The infection may spread to other areas around the ear, including the skull bone. In elderly people or those who have diabetes, a severe infection called malignant otitis externa may occur. This condition is treated with high-dose antibiotics given through a vein.","Try mixing 1 drop of alcohol with 1 drop of white vinegar and placing the mixture into the ears after they get wet. The alcohol and acid in the vinegar help prevent bacterial growth.","Ear infection - outer ear - acute; Otitis externa - acute; Chronic swimmer's ear; Otitis externa - chronic; Ear infection - outer ear - chronic","Guss J, Ruckenstein MJ. Infections of the external ear. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2010:chap 137.","A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).","The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions."]},"parsed_md":"Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nSwimmer's ear\n\nURL of this page: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm\n\n# Swimmer's ear\n\nSwimmer's ear is inflammation, irritation, or infection of the outer ear and\near canal. The medical term for swimmer's ear is otitis externa.\n\nSwimmer's ear may be acute or chronic.\n\n## Causes\n\nSwimmer's ear is more common among teenagers and young adults. It may occur\nwith a middle ear infection or a respiratory infection such as a cold.\n\nSwimming in unclean water can lead to swimmer's ear. Pseudomonas and other\nbacteria commonly often found in water can cause ear infections. Rarely, the\ninfection may be caused by a fungus.\n\nOther causes of swimmer's ear include:\n\n * Scratching the ear or inside the ear\n * Getting something stuck in the ear\n\nTrying to clean wax from the ear canal with cotton swabs or small objects can\ndamage the skin.\n\nLong-term (chronic) swimmer's ear may be due to:\n\n * Allergic reaction to something placed in the ear\n * Chronic skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis\n\n## Symptoms\n\nSymptoms of swimmer's ear include:\n\n * Drainage from the ear -- yellow, yellow-green, pus-like, or foul smelling\n * Ear pain, which may get worse when you pull on the outer ear\n * Hearing loss\n * Itching of the ear or ear canal\n\n## Exams and Tests\n\nThe health care provider will look inside your ears. The ear canal area will\nlook red and swollen. The skin inside the ear canal may be scaly or shedding.\n\nTouching or moving the outer ear will increase the pain. The eardrum may be\nhard to see because of a swelling in the outer ear. Or, the eardrum may have a\nhole in it. This is called a perforation.\n\nA sample of fluid may be removed from the ear and sent to a lab to look for\nbacteria or fungus.\n\n## Treatment\n\nIn most cases, you will need to use ear drops containing antibiotics for 10 to\n14 days. If the ear canal is very swollen, a wick may be put into the ear to\nallow the drops to travel to the end of the canal. Your doctor or nurse can\nshow you how to do this.\n\nOther treatments may include:\n\n * Antibiotics taken by mouth if you have a middle ear infection or infection that spreads beyond the ear\n * Corticosteroids to reduce itching and inflammation\n * Pain medication, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)\n * Vinegar (acetic acid) ear drops\n\nPeople with chronic swimmer's ear may need long-term or repeated treatments to\navoid complications.\n\nPlacing something warm against the ear may reduce pain.\n\n## Outlook (Prognosis)\n\nSwimmer's ear most often gets better with the proper treatment.\n\n## Possible Complications\n\nThe infection may spread to other areas around the ear, including the skull\nbone. In elderly people or those who have diabetes, a severe infection called\nmalignant otitis externa may occur. This condition is treated with high-dose\nantibiotics given through a vein.\n\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\n\nCall a health care provider if:\n\n * You develop any symptoms of swimmer's ear\n * You notice any drainage coming from your ears\n * Your symptoms get worse or continue despite treatment\n * You have new symptoms, such as fever or pain and redness of the skull behind the ear\n\n## Prevention\n\nThese steps can help protect your ears from further damage.\n\n * Do not scratch the ears or insert cotton swabs or other objects in the ears.\n * Keep ears clean and dry, and do not let water enter the ears when showering, shampooing, or bathing.\n * Dry your ear very well after it has gotten wet.\n * Avoid swimming in polluted water.\n * Use earplugs when swimming.\n * Try mixing 1 drop of alcohol with 1 drop of white vinegar and placing the mixture into the ears after they get wet. The alcohol and acid in the vinegar help prevent bacterial growth.\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nEar infection - outer ear - acute; Otitis externa - acute; Chronic swimmer's\near; Otitis externa - chronic; Ear infection - outer ear - chronic\n\n## Images\n\n * Ear anatomy\n * Medical findings based on ear anatomy\n * Swimmer's ear\n\n## References\n\nGuss J, Ruckenstein MJ. Infections of the external ear. In: Cummings CW, Flint\nPW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed.\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2010:chap 137.\n\nHaddad J. External otitis (otitis externa). In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE,\nJenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed.\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 631.\n\n## Read More\n\n * Common cold\n * Ear infection - acute\n * Malignant otitis externa\n\n## Update Date 8/30/2014\n\nUpdated by: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of\nPediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA. Also\nreviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M.\nEditorial team.\n\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\n\n * Ear Infections\n\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Get email updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Quality Guidelines\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160426165320/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723","parsed_text":{"title":"Swimmer's ear","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Swimmer's ear - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628000548/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682","parsed_text":{"title":"Symptoms and causes","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Swimmer's ear - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170201192059/http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/","parsed_text":{"title":"Error Page","passages":["java.lang.NullPointerException at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.getMothershipLink(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.execute(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.reDirect(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.handleRequest(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor301.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293) at org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler.invoke(JkCoyoteHandler.java:190) at org.apache.jk.common.HandlerRequest.invoke(HandlerRequest.java:311) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.invoke(ChannelSocket.java:776) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.processConnection(ChannelSocket.java:705) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket$SocketConnection.runIt(ChannelSocket.java:898) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:690) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)"]},"parsed_md":"Error Page\n\n# Your request Failed with Error!\n\njava.lang.NullPointerException at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.getMothershipLink(Unknown Source) at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.execute(Unknown Source) at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.reDirect(Unknown Source) at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.handleRequest(Unknown Source)\nat sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor301.invoke(Unknown Source) at\nsun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)\nat java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at\norg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549)\nat javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617) at\njavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at\norg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)\nat org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)\nat org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler.invoke(JkCoyoteHandler.java:190) at\norg.apache.jk.common.HandlerRequest.invoke(HandlerRequest.java:311) at\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.invoke(ChannelSocket.java:776) at\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.processConnection(ChannelSocket.java:705)\nat\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket$SocketConnection.runIt(ChannelSocket.java:898)\nat\norg.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:690)\nat java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160502061556/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723","parsed_text":{"title":"Swimmer's ear Treatments and drugs","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Swimmer's ear Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20151129150658/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear","parsed_text":{"title":"Swimmer's Ear","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Swimmer's Ear\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020115915/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688","parsed_text":{"title":"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Proper Use","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Proper Use - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020122022/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027","parsed_text":{"title":"Neomycin (Oral Route) Before Using","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Neomycin (Oral Route) Before Using - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423185302/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688","parsed_text":{"title":"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Description and Brand Names","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Description and Brand Names - Mayo\nClinic\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160705054835/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Swimmer's ear is inflammation, irritation, or infection of the outer ear and ear canal. The medical term for swimmer's ear is otitis externa.\",\n \"Swimmer's ear is more common among teenagers and young adults. It may occur with a middle ear infection or a respiratory infection such as a cold.\",\n \"Swimming in unclean water can lead to swimmer's ear. Pseudomonas and other bacteria commonly often found in water can cause ear infections. Rarely, the infection may be caused by a fungus.\",\n \"The health care provider will look inside your ears. The ear canal area will look red and swollen. The skin inside the ear canal may be scaly or shedding.\",\n \"Touching or moving the outer ear will increase the pain. The eardrum may be hard to see because of a swelling in the outer ear. Or, the eardrum may have a hole in it. This is called a perforation.\",\n \"A sample of fluid may be removed from the ear and sent to a lab to look for bacteria or fungus.\",\n \"In most cases, you will need to use ear drops containing antibiotics for 10 to 14 days. If the ear canal is very swollen, a wick may be put into the ear to allow the drops to travel to the end of the canal. Your doctor or nurse can show you how to do this.\",\n \"The infection may spread to other areas around the ear, including the skull bone. In elderly people or those who have diabetes, a severe infection called malignant otitis externa may occur. This condition is treated with high-dose antibiotics given through a vein.\",\n \"Try mixing 1 drop of alcohol with 1 drop of white vinegar and placing the mixture into the ears after they get wet. The alcohol and acid in the vinegar help prevent bacterial growth.\",\n \"Ear infection - outer ear - acute; Otitis externa - acute; Chronic swimmer's ear; Otitis externa - chronic; Ear infection - outer ear - chronic\",\n \"Guss J, Ruckenstein MJ. Infections of the external ear. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2010:chap 137.\",\n \"A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\",\n \"The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\\n\\nSkip navigation\\n\\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\\n\\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\\n\\n * Health Topics\\n * Drugs & Supplements\\n * Videos & Tools\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n * Site Map\\n * FAQs\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Health Topics\\n * Drugs & Supplements\\n * Videos & Tools\\n\\nEspañol\\n\\nYou Are Here:\\n\\nHome →\\n\\nMedical Encyclopedia →\\n\\nSwimmer's ear\\n\\nURL of this page: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm\\n\\n# Swimmer's ear\\n\\nSwimmer's ear is inflammation, irritation, or infection of the outer ear and\\near canal. The medical term for swimmer's ear is otitis externa.\\n\\nSwimmer's ear may be acute or chronic.\\n\\n## Causes\\n\\nSwimmer's ear is more common among teenagers and young adults. It may occur\\nwith a middle ear infection or a respiratory infection such as a cold.\\n\\nSwimming in unclean water can lead to swimmer's ear. Pseudomonas and other\\nbacteria commonly often found in water can cause ear infections. Rarely, the\\ninfection may be caused by a fungus.\\n\\nOther causes of swimmer's ear include:\\n\\n * Scratching the ear or inside the ear\\n * Getting something stuck in the ear\\n\\nTrying to clean wax from the ear canal with cotton swabs or small objects can\\ndamage the skin.\\n\\nLong-term (chronic) swimmer's ear may be due to:\\n\\n * Allergic reaction to something placed in the ear\\n * Chronic skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis\\n\\n## Symptoms\\n\\nSymptoms of swimmer's ear include:\\n\\n * Drainage from the ear -- yellow, yellow-green, pus-like, or foul smelling\\n * Ear pain, which may get worse when you pull on the outer ear\\n * Hearing loss\\n * Itching of the ear or ear canal\\n\\n## Exams and Tests\\n\\nThe health care provider will look inside your ears. The ear canal area will\\nlook red and swollen. The skin inside the ear canal may be scaly or shedding.\\n\\nTouching or moving the outer ear will increase the pain. The eardrum may be\\nhard to see because of a swelling in the outer ear. Or, the eardrum may have a\\nhole in it. This is called a perforation.\\n\\nA sample of fluid may be removed from the ear and sent to a lab to look for\\nbacteria or fungus.\\n\\n## Treatment\\n\\nIn most cases, you will need to use ear drops containing antibiotics for 10 to\\n14 days. If the ear canal is very swollen, a wick may be put into the ear to\\nallow the drops to travel to the end of the canal. Your doctor or nurse can\\nshow you how to do this.\\n\\nOther treatments may include:\\n\\n * Antibiotics taken by mouth if you have a middle ear infection or infection that spreads beyond the ear\\n * Corticosteroids to reduce itching and inflammation\\n * Pain medication, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)\\n * Vinegar (acetic acid) ear drops\\n\\nPeople with chronic swimmer's ear may need long-term or repeated treatments to\\navoid complications.\\n\\nPlacing something warm against the ear may reduce pain.\\n\\n## Outlook (Prognosis)\\n\\nSwimmer's ear most often gets better with the proper treatment.\\n\\n## Possible Complications\\n\\nThe infection may spread to other areas around the ear, including the skull\\nbone. In elderly people or those who have diabetes, a severe infection called\\nmalignant otitis externa may occur. This condition is treated with high-dose\\nantibiotics given through a vein.\\n\\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\\n\\nCall a health care provider if:\\n\\n * You develop any symptoms of swimmer's ear\\n * You notice any drainage coming from your ears\\n * Your symptoms get worse or continue despite treatment\\n * You have new symptoms, such as fever or pain and redness of the skull behind the ear\\n\\n## Prevention\\n\\nThese steps can help protect your ears from further damage.\\n\\n * Do not scratch the ears or insert cotton swabs or other objects in the ears.\\n * Keep ears clean and dry, and do not let water enter the ears when showering, shampooing, or bathing.\\n * Dry your ear very well after it has gotten wet.\\n * Avoid swimming in polluted water.\\n * Use earplugs when swimming.\\n * Try mixing 1 drop of alcohol with 1 drop of white vinegar and placing the mixture into the ears after they get wet. The alcohol and acid in the vinegar help prevent bacterial growth.\\n\\n## Alternative Names\\n\\nEar infection - outer ear - acute; Otitis externa - acute; Chronic swimmer's\\near; Otitis externa - chronic; Ear infection - outer ear - chronic\\n\\n## Images\\n\\n * Ear anatomy\\n * Medical findings based on ear anatomy\\n * Swimmer's ear\\n\\n## References\\n\\nGuss J, Ruckenstein MJ. Infections of the external ear. In: Cummings CW, Flint\\nPW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed.\\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2010:chap 137.\\n\\nHaddad J. External otitis (otitis externa). In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE,\\nJenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed.\\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 631.\\n\\n## Read More\\n\\n * Common cold\\n * Ear infection - acute\\n * Malignant otitis externa\\n\\n## Update Date 8/30/2014\\n\\nUpdated by: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of\\nPediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA. Also\\nreviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M.\\nEditorial team.\\n\\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\\n\\n * Ear Infections\\n\\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\\n\\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\\n\\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\\n\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n * Site Map\\n * FAQs\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n * Get email updates\\n * Subscribe to RSS\\n * Follow us\\n\\n * Disclaimers\\n * Copyright\\n * Privacy\\n * Accessibility\\n * Quality Guidelines\\n * Viewers & Players\\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\\n * For Developers\\n\\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\\n\\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160426165320/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Swimmer's ear\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Swimmer's ear - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628000548/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Symptoms and causes\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Swimmer's ear - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170201192059/http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Error Page\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"java.lang.NullPointerException at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.getMothershipLink(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.execute(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.reDirect(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.handleRequest(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor301.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293) at org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler.invoke(JkCoyoteHandler.java:190) at org.apache.jk.common.HandlerRequest.invoke(HandlerRequest.java:311) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.invoke(ChannelSocket.java:776) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.processConnection(ChannelSocket.java:705) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket$SocketConnection.runIt(ChannelSocket.java:898) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:690) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Error Page\\n\\n# Your request Failed with Error!\\n\\njava.lang.NullPointerException at\\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.getMothershipLink(Unknown Source) at\\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.execute(Unknown Source) at\\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.reDirect(Unknown Source) at\\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.handleRequest(Unknown Source)\\nat sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor301.invoke(Unknown Source) at\\nsun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)\\nat java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at\\norg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)\\nat\\norg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)\\nat\\norg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)\\nat\\norg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)\\nat\\norg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)\\nat\\norg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)\\nat\\norg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549)\\nat javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617) at\\njavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at\\norg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)\\nat\\norg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)\\nat\\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)\\nat\\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)\\nat\\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)\\nat\\norg.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)\\nat\\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)\\nat org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)\\nat org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler.invoke(JkCoyoteHandler.java:190) at\\norg.apache.jk.common.HandlerRequest.invoke(HandlerRequest.java:311) at\\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.invoke(ChannelSocket.java:776) at\\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.processConnection(ChannelSocket.java:705)\\nat\\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket$SocketConnection.runIt(ChannelSocket.java:898)\\nat\\norg.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:690)\\nat java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160502061556/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Swimmer's ear Treatments and drugs\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Swimmer's ear Treatments and drugs - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20151129150658/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Swimmer's Ear\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Swimmer's Ear\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020115915/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Proper Use\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Proper Use - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020122022/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Neomycin (Oral Route) Before Using\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Neomycin (Oral Route) Before Using - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423185302/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Description and Brand Names\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Description and Brand Names - Mayo\\nClinic\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":370,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":4095407,"string":"4,095,407"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Cut Your Own Hair (Men)"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To cut your own hair, use clippers on a small guard setting, like 1 or 2, to cut the sides. Trim from the bottom to the top and tilt the clipper blade at an angle to create an even fade. Next, trim the back, then go over the lower half with a shorter setting to even out the fades. Cut the hair on top of your head last using styling scissors, trimming conservatively and in small sections. Then, even out the sides and use clippers to trim your sideburns and neckline!"},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210416172429/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200508165534/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210126123438/https://www.financeafter50.com/cut-hair-men/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210915211634/https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200804113949/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/magazine/how-to-cut-your-own-hair.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20170804091347/http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210512145721/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210307025406/https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-cut-your-own-hair/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211101235930/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416172429/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200508165534/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210126123438/https://www.financeafter50.com/cut-hair-men/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210915211634/https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804113949/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/magazine/how-to-cut-your-own-hair.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170804091347/http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512145721/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307025406/https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-cut-your-own-hair/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101235930/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1801,"string":"1,801"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416172429/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut","passages":["With our archives now 3,500+ articles deep, we’ve decided to republish a classic piece each Friday to help our newer readers discover some of the best, evergreen gems from the past. This article was originally published in June 2018.","Cutting your own hair may seem like a recipe for disaster, but with the right style it’s easy to save a few bucks doing the job at home. The buzz cut is one of the most timeless haircuts a man can get, and it’s also the easiest to do yourself. With a few simple tools and a bit of practice, you can give yourself professional-quality buzz cuts without having to wade through year-old magazines at your local barber’s shop. Here’s how to do it.","A good pair of hair clippers will make the job a lot faster and easier. Don’t try to use your beard clippers to give yourself a buzz cut; you can save that for detail work once you’re done. You can find a decent pair of clippers online or at your local drugstore for less than $50. Most hair clippers should come with several guard sizes. If you’re trying to decide between kits, choose one that has #2 and #3 guards, as these are the most common for buzz cuts. Once you’ve got your own set of clippers, make sure to clean and maintain them after each use.","A basic hand mirror, used along with your bathroom mirror, will help you see the back of your neck for trimming work. If you don’t already have one, you can usually pick one up for a few bucks at most drugstores. Finally, while a broom and dustpan will do the job of cleanup, buzz cuts get tiny hairs on just about every surface of your bathroom. A vacuum with a hose attachment will make cleanup much faster and easier.","Before you plug in your clippers and go to town, do yourself a favor and check your head for the types of strange lumps and bumps that could make a buzz cut a poor decision for your head shape. Keep in mind, no one’s head is perfectly round or smooth. But, scars, skin tags, and bumps will all be visible with a super short buzz cut. To check your head, simply run your fingers carefully over your scalp, feeling for any abnormalities that you might not want to expose with a buzz cut.","Clippers work best on clean, dry hair. If you don’t use shampoo every time, do it this time. Oily or greasy hair is more difficult for the blades of a clipper to slice through, leaving you with an uneven buzz cut. You’ll also end up going over the same areas multiple times trying to cut the same slippery follicles. Once your hair is clean, let it fully dry before you start cutting.","With your tools assembled, plug in your clippers and choose your guard size. It’s always best to start with something that errs on the side of being too long. Most barbers perform buzz cuts based on the golden 3-2-1 rule. That means a #3 guard on the top, a #2 guard on the sides, and a #1 guard to trim up the edges. A #3 guard is common to start with because it’s about as short as you can go before you start seeing your scalp. Going shorter than this will give your hair a 5 o’clock shadow look rather than a buzz cut.","Once you’ve chosen your guard size, start on the top of your head, working the clippers through your hair from front to back. The clippers should glide along your scalp as you move back. After you’ve gone front to back on the top, go at the top from side to side to clip any stray hairs. With the top done, you can start in on the sides. Move from bottom to top, cutting against the direction that the hair grows in. (You aren’t done with the sides yet though — keep reading.)","When you’re ready to do the back, stand with your back to the bathroom mirror and hold up your hand mirror in front of you. Adjust the hand mirror so that you can see the back of your head reflected in the bathroom mirror. Hold this position while you run the clippers from the back of your neck up toward the top of your head.","Once you’ve done your entire head, move down one guard size (to the #2 guard) and trim down the sides, again moving from bottom to top. Why make the sides a little shorter? The hair on the side of your head tends to appear fuller than on the top of your head. Making it a bit shorter makes the buzz cut appear more uniform overall.","There are two main areas to trim once you’re done with your buzz cut: the sideburns and the back of your neck. To start, pop a #1 guard onto your hair clippers.","To do your sideburns, place the base of the clippers flush with the side of your face, just below your sideburns. Slowly slide the clippers up until the top edge is at the height you want your sideburns. Then, slowly pull the clippers straight through the hair and away from your face.","Trimming the back of your neck is the most challenging part of a buzz cut. If you aren’t comfortable using the hand mirror to do this precision task, you can ask a friend for help or simply leave the hairline natural in back. If you’ve got an impressively hairy neck or unusually asymmetric hairline, then use your hand mirror to carefully trim a straight line across the back of your neck. Once the straight line is established, round the corners on each side to finish the job.","The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.","We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy"]},"parsed_md":"How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut | The Art of Manliness\n\nMenu podcast\n\n * Accessories\n * Shaving\n * Style\n\nHow to Tie a TieHow to Clean a Baseball CapHere’s What Happened When I Wore a\nTie to Work Every Day for a YearHow to Make a Leather Belt\n\nHow To Shave Like Your Grandpa Using a Safety RazorHow to Trim Your Mustache:\nAn Illustrated GuideHow to Grow a Handlebar MustacheHow to Treat a Shaving Cut\n\nChukka Boots: The FAQThe Best Damn Guide to Men’s T-Shirts on the Internet10\nThings Your Father Should Have Taught You About StyleIf/How to Wear a Suit\nWithout a Tie\n\nBrowse all Style & Grooming\n\n * College\n * Entrepreneurship\n * Networking\n * Personal Finance\n * So You Want My Job\n\nPodcast #449: Faster and Cheaper Alternatives to CollegeSaving for Your Kids’\nCollege Education: A Primer on the 529Podcast #385: Learning How to LearnHow\nto Write the Perfect College Application Essay\n\nHow to Pursue a New Career (While Still Getting the Bills Paid)So You (Or Your\nWife) Wants to Join a Multi-Level Marketing CompanyPodcast #175: How to\nImprove Your Work and Life With Systems10 Tips for Successfully Working from\nHome\n\nPodcast #403: A Better Way to Network#393: The Importance of Building Your\nSocial CapitalMaking Introductions: The FAQsHow to Contact a Busy Person\n\n11 Personal Finance Goals for Your 20sPodcast #659: Do You Want to Be Rich or\nWealthy? (And Why the Difference Matters)8 Personal Finance Lessons from\nBenjamin FranklinPodcast #605: The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now\n\nSo You Want My Job: Stay-at-Home DadSo You Want My Trade: Concrete MasonSo You\nWant My Trade: Elevator MechanicSo You Want My Trade: Automotive\nMechanic/Technician\n\nBrowse all Money & Career\n\n * Fitness\n * Nutrition\n * Sports\n * Wellness\n\nPodcast #415: Forging Mental Strength Through Physical StrengthThe Steve\nMcQueen WorkoutThe Gas Station Ready WorkoutThe Case for Not Listening to\nMusic When You Work Out\n\nPodcast #475: How to Lose Weight, and Keep It Off ForeverPodcast #608: How\nCaffeine Hooks, Hurts, and Helps UsReady, Set, Fast: How Strategic Meal-\nSkipping Can Help You Lose Fat, Gain Muscle, and Get HealthierHow to Make Pine\nNeedle Tea\n\nThe 10 Physical Skills Every Man Should MasterRelax These 2 Body Parts to Run\nFarther and FasterBoys, Ferocity, Frontiers, and SportsHow to Tape an Ankle\n\nHow to Sauna: All the FAQsHow Saunas Can Help Save Your Body, Mind, and\nSpiritPodcast #678: Physical Benchmarks Every Man Should Meet, At Every AgeHow\nto Tame the Dad Sneeze\n\nBrowse all Health & Sports\n\n * Dating\n * Etiquette\n * Fatherhood\n * Friendship\n * Social Skills\n\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccount7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\nGalHow to Write a Love LetterPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through\nHuman Hacking\n\nThe Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy NoteThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions\nNever to AskA Man Is Punctual: The Importance of Being on TimeHow to Acquire\nGood Manners\n\nThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human\nHacking30+ Tricks, Games, and Stunts to Entertain Your Kids on Long, Dark\nWinter NightsPodcast #665: How Childhood Shapes Adulthood\n\nPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human HackingPodcast #670: The\nHidden Tragedy of Male LonelinessThe 3 Reasons Friendships EndThe Best Way to\nMake and Keep Friendships in Adulthood\n\nThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions Never to AskPodcast #680: Influence and\nPersuade Through Human HackingSunday Firesides: Don’t Confuse Niceness With\nKindnessPodcast #462: How to Tell Better Stories\n\nBrowse all Relationships & Family\n\nin: Featured, Hair, Style & Grooming\n\nPatrick Hutchison • April 3, 2020 • Last updated: September 8, 2020\n\n# How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut\n\nWith our archives now 3,500+ articles deep, we’ve decided to republish a\nclassic piece each Friday to help our newer readers discover some of the best,\nevergreen gems from the past. This article was originally published in June\n2018.\n\nCutting your own hair may seem like a recipe for disaster, but with the right\nstyle it’s easy to save a few bucks doing the job at home. The buzz cut is one\nof the most timeless haircuts a man can get, and it’s also the easiest to do\nyourself. With a few simple tools and a bit of practice, you can give yourself\nprofessional-quality buzz cuts without having to wade through year-old\nmagazines at your local barber’s shop. Here’s how to do it.\n\n### 1\\. Get the Right Tools\n\nBefore you begin your buzz, you’ll want the right tools. Here’s what you’ll\nneed:\n\n * Hair clippers\n * Hand mirror\n * Vacuum\n\nA good pair of hair clippers will make the job a lot faster and easier. Don’t\ntry to use your beard clippers to give yourself a buzz cut; you can save that\nfor detail work once you’re done. You can find a decent pair of clippers\nonline or at your local drugstore for less than $50. Most hair clippers should\ncome with several guard sizes. If you’re trying to decide between kits, choose\none that has #2 and #3 guards, as these are the most common for buzz cuts.\nOnce you’ve got your own set of clippers, make sure to clean and maintain them\nafter each use.\n\nA basic hand mirror, used along with your bathroom mirror, will help you see\nthe back of your neck for trimming work. If you don’t already have one, you\ncan usually pick one up for a few bucks at most drugstores. Finally, while a\nbroom and dustpan will do the job of cleanup, buzz cuts get tiny hairs on just\nabout every surface of your bathroom. A vacuum with a hose attachment will\nmake cleanup much faster and easier.\n\n### 2\\. Check Your Scalp\n\nBefore you plug in your clippers and go to town, do yourself a favor and check\nyour head for the types of strange lumps and bumps that could make a buzz cut\na poor decision for your head shape. Keep in mind, no one’s head is perfectly\nround or smooth. But, scars, skin tags, and bumps will all be visible with a\nsuper short buzz cut. To check your head, simply run your fingers carefully\nover your scalp, feeling for any abnormalities that you might not want to\nexpose with a buzz cut.\n\n### 3\\. Clean Up\n\nClippers work best on clean, dry hair. If you don’t use shampoo every time, do\nit this time. Oily or greasy hair is more difficult for the blades of a\nclipper to slice through, leaving you with an uneven buzz cut. You’ll also end\nup going over the same areas multiple times trying to cut the same slippery\nfollicles. Once your hair is clean, let it fully dry before you start cutting.\n\n### 4\\. Start Long on Top\n\nWith your tools assembled, plug in your clippers and choose your guard size.\nIt’s always best to start with something that errs on the side of being too\nlong. Most barbers perform buzz cuts based on the golden 3-2-1 rule. That\nmeans a #3 guard on the top, a #2 guard on the sides, and a #1 guard to trim\nup the edges. A #3 guard is common to start with because it’s about as short\nas you can go before you start seeing your scalp. Going shorter than this will\ngive your hair a 5 o’clock shadow look rather than a buzz cut.\n\nOnce you’ve chosen your guard size, start on the top of your head, working the\nclippers through your hair from front to back. The clippers should glide along\nyour scalp as you move back. After you’ve gone front to back on the top, go at\nthe top from side to side to clip any stray hairs. With the top done, you can\nstart in on the sides. Move from bottom to top, cutting against the direction\nthat the hair grows in. (You aren’t done with the sides yet though — keep\nreading.)\n\n### 5\\. Man the Mirror for the Back\n\nWhen you’re ready to do the back, stand with your back to the bathroom mirror\nand hold up your hand mirror in front of you. Adjust the hand mirror so that\nyou can see the back of your head reflected in the bathroom mirror. Hold this\nposition while you run the clippers from the back of your neck up toward the\ntop of your head.\n\n### 6\\. Size Down on the Sides\n\nOnce you’ve done your entire head, move down one guard size (to the #2 guard)\nand trim down the sides, again moving from bottom to top. Why make the sides a\nlittle shorter? The hair on the side of your head tends to appear fuller than\non the top of your head. Making it a bit shorter makes the buzz cut appear\nmore uniform overall.\n\n### 7\\. End With a Trim\n\nThere are two main areas to trim once you’re done with your buzz cut: the\nsideburns and the back of your neck. To start, pop a #1 guard onto your hair\nclippers.\n\nTo do your sideburns, place the base of the clippers flush with the side of\nyour face, just below your sideburns. Slowly slide the clippers up until the\ntop edge is at the height you want your sideburns. Then, slowly pull the\nclippers straight through the hair and away from your face.\n\nTrimming the back of your neck is the most challenging part of a buzz cut. If\nyou aren’t comfortable using the hand mirror to do this precision task, you\ncan ask a friend for help or simply leave the hairline natural in back. If\nyou’ve got an impressively hairy neck or unusually asymmetric hairline, then\nuse your hand mirror to carefully trim a straight line across the back of your\nneck. Once the straight line is established, round the corners on each side to\nfinish the job.\n\nIllustrations by Ted Slampyak\n\n### Related Articles\n\nPrevious Next\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\n\nJoin the Strenuous Life\n\nLearn More\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nPodcast #700\n\n###### The Life and Afterlife of Harry Houdini\n\nPodcast #699\n\n###### The No-Nonsense Guide to Simplifying Every Aspect of Your Life\n\nPodcast #698\n\n###### The Secrets of Public Speaking From History’s Greatest Orators\n\nPodcast #697\n\n###### Social Psychology Won’t Save Us\n\nView all\n\nRelated\n\nArticles///\n\n### 20 Aphorisms That I Thought Were Dumb as a Boy But Now Appreciate as a\nGrown Man\n\n### How to Choose Shoes That Fit Perfectly\n\n### Chukka Boots: The FAQ\n\n### The Simplifying Step Missing From Your Laundry Routine\n\nView all\n\nTake action today\n\nJoin The Strenuous Life\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\n\n * Contact\n * Legal\n * About\n * All Topics\n * Archives\n\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\nAoM.\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkPrivacy policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200508165534/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Give Yourself a Haircut","passages":["“Pull your hair [on the sides] out with the comb and take your little scissors and nip at it,” she says. “You don’t want to cut a straight line, a blunt cut. You want to cut into it (again, scissors perpendicular to the comb).” This takes away length and weight without risking too much damage. “Cut a lot,” Atkin says. “As long as the comb is pulled out away so you’re not cutting right at the scalp. That comb is your stopper.”"]},"parsed_md":"How to Give Yourself a Haircut\n\nMen's Journal\n\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * Open Comments\n\nHealth & Fitness\n\n# How to Give Yourself a Haircut\n\n6\n\nPhotograph by Jeremy Berger 4 / 6\n\nby Jeremy Berger\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n\n## Cut into the comb.\n\n“Pull your hair [on the sides] out with the comb and take your little scissors\nand nip at it,” she says. “You don’t want to cut a straight line, a blunt cut.\nYou want to cut into it (again, scissors perpendicular to the comb).” This\ntakes away length and weight without risking too much damage. “Cut a lot,”\nAtkin says. “As long as the comb is pulled out away so you’re not cutting\nright at the scalp. That comb is your stopper.”\n\nFor access to exclusive gear videos, celebrity interviews, and more, subscribe\non YouTube!\n\nBack to top\n\nIn order to view the gallery, please allow Manage Cookies\n\n### More News\n\nThese Cotton Face Masks Offer Top Of The Line ComfortGet Free Hemp Hand\nSanitizer With These CBD Immunity ProductsAqua Fight Club: The Underwater\nTorpedo Workout Making a SplashThese Resistance Bands Will Boost Your\nQuarantine Workout RoutineThis Raspberry Ketones Supplement Burns Fat, Not\nMuscle, GuaranteedPick Up This No Contact Thermometer From Amazon Today\n\nAll Stories\n\n### More Videos\n\nThe MJ5: Tony Hawk on His Favorite Gear, Why He Always Carries His Board, and\nMore\n\nHere's the Difference Between Bourbon and Whiskey\n\nYoung Guns and a Supercharged Catamaran: U.S. SailGP Team Takes on New York\nCity\n\nMore from Health & Fitness\n\n * These Cotton Face Masks Offer Top Of The Line Comfort\n * Get Free Hemp Hand Sanitizer With These CBD Immunity Products\n * Aqua Fight Club: The Underwater Torpedo Workout Making a Splash\n * These Resistance Bands Will Boost Your Quarantine Workout Routine\n * This Raspberry Ketones Supplement Burns Fat, Not Muscle, Guaranteed\n * Pick Up This No Contact Thermometer From Amazon Today\n * Need Some New Hand Sanitizer? 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It went something like this. “When there are 2 barbers in a shop, which one do you choose?”. ANSWER: “The one with the worse hair cut”. Ba-bump-bump.","Seriously though, I was a bit scissor shy at the thought of my wife going at my head with sharp implements and clippers. I got less shy when we became a one income family.","I was never a high end haircut guy, so the $50 to $100 trips were never the norm. Over the years, I’d find the low cost provider that I liked. It was usually an older guy, and the cost was usually $10 to $15 plus a few dollar tip. I would go about once per month, or on average about 10 times per year. I like the idea of keeping that $150 to $200 in my own pocket.","About 2 years ago, we picked up a set of Remington hair clippers that I reviewed for the Amazon vine program, we got the clippers for free, in exchange for my review, which was a bonus. When I review products I tend to compare many different models, but this was the only model I looked at. It looks like the model that we picked up is no longer available, and one of the things that I like about that model, was that the blade covers were color coded. Regardless, any of these types of clippers should to an ample job. When you buy one that comes in a kit, it usually also has a pair of scissors and a comb too, so you can’t just use those instead of your every day tools.","It’s actually fun and I look forward to when my wife cuts my hair, even though she still gets a bit anxious about it. I usually get it done, before jumping in the shower in the morning, so I can easily rinse off any extra hair pieces.","The keys to getting a good cut are: 1. Don’t rush 2. Give guidance 3. Make sure you clear ears and back of the neck.","All of these are important for a good cut, and I don’t get freaked out about anything. Providing calm guidance to a new barber in training is important. The areas that I mention in step 3, are usually wild areas, that are overgrown and indicate that a haircut is needed in the first place. If you can focus on light thinning and cleaning up the areas around the ears and sideburns, you should come out with a great cut. Each time my wife does it she gets better, and we put $20 in our pocket. Have you ever tried giving your partner a haircut or would let them try on you?","My wife has been cutting my hair for years now (at least 5 years at this point) and it’s been great. I don’t have to deal with telling the barber what kind of haircut I want, and really, it’s not even the cost savings that I care about all that much – it’s all of the time I save! Instead of spending an hour or more to get my haircut, I can just get it cut anytime I want in 10 or 15 minutes.","Love that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it give me and the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and it’s she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!","Love that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it gives me and the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!"]},"parsed_md":"Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big -\n\nFinance, Frugal tips, Saving, Spending\n\n# Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big\n\nNovember 18, 2017 3 Comments\n\n# Frugal Money saving tip #6\n\nThe short answer is “Get your wife to do it”. Actually that reminded me of an\nold parable that my friend shared with me many years ago. It went something\nlike this. “When there are 2 barbers in a shop, which one do you choose?”.\nANSWER: “The one with the worse hair cut”. Ba-bump-bump.\n\nSeriously though, I was a bit scissor shy at the thought of my wife going at\nmy head with sharp implements and clippers. I got less shy when we became a\none income family.\n\nEven before that, I’d often wonder to myself: “How do you cut your own hair?”\n\nI was never a high end haircut guy, so the $50 to $100 trips were never the\nnorm. Over the years, I’d find the low cost provider that I liked. It was\nusually an older guy, and the cost was usually $10 to $15 plus a few dollar\ntip. I would go about once per month, or on average about 10 times per year. I\nlike the idea of keeping that $150 to $200 in my own pocket.\n\n## Tools for a haircut at home\n\nAbout 2 years ago, we picked up a set of Remington hair clippers that I\nreviewed for the Amazon vine program, we got the clippers for free, in\nexchange for my review, which was a bonus. When I review products I tend to\ncompare many different models, but this was the only model I looked at. It\nlooks like the model that we picked up is no longer available, and one of the\nthings that I like about that model, was that the blade covers were color\ncoded. Regardless, any of these types of clippers should to an ample job. When\nyou buy one that comes in a kit, it usually also has a pair of scissors and a\ncomb too, so you can’t just use those instead of your every day tools.\n\nIt’s actually fun and I look forward to when my wife cuts my hair, even though\nshe still gets a bit anxious about it. I usually get it done, before jumping\nin the shower in the morning, so I can easily rinse off any extra hair pieces.\n\n### The keys to getting a good haircut at home\n\nThe keys to getting a good cut are: 1. Don’t rush 2. Give guidance 3. Make\nsure you clear ears and back of the neck.\n\nAll of these are important for a good cut, and I don’t get freaked out about\nanything. Providing calm guidance to a new barber in training is important.\nThe areas that I mention in step 3, are usually wild areas, that are overgrown\nand indicate that a haircut is needed in the first place. If you can focus on\nlight thinning and cleaning up the areas around the ears and sideburns, you\nshould come out with a great cut. Each time my wife does it she gets better,\nand we put $20 in our pocket. Have you ever tried giving your partner a\nhaircut or would let them try on you?\n\nBarberFrugalFrugal savingHairHaircutSaving\n\nPrevious Post Next Post\n\n#### Jim P\n\nIn this area you can display your biographic info. Just visit Users > Your\nProfile > Biographic info\n\n#### You may also like\n\nOctober 20, 2016\n\n## Minimize your costs on home improvement projects\n\nNovember 15, 2016\n\n## Good opportunities to shift to buy and hold\n\nJuly 30, 2017\n\n## Why Money and manners should matter to millennials\n\n### 3 comments\n\n 1. Financial Panther says:\n\nNovember 18, 2017 at 5:49 pm\n\nMy wife has been cutting my hair for years now (at least 5 years at this\npoint) and it’s been great. I don’t have to deal with telling the barber what\nkind of haircut I want, and really, it’s not even the cost savings that I care\nabout all that much – it’s all of the time I save! Instead of spending an hour\nor more to get my haircut, I can just get it cut anytime I want in 10 or 15\nminutes.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Jim P says:\n\nNovember 18, 2017 at 6:04 pm\n\nLove that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it give me\nand the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and\nit’s she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3\ntimes in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start\nover!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Jim Powell says:\n\nNovember 19, 2017 at 6:23 am\n\nLove that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it gives me\nand the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and\nshe’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in\nthe past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### About Me\n\nI'm a 50+ guy who found a need for resources for life and employment at middle\nage.\n\n### Optin Form\n\n### My most popular posts\n\n * July 24, 2017\n\n## Career Crossroads hurdles are more common now\n\n * October 27, 2017\n\n## Blogging is not for faint of heart\n\n * October 28, 2017\n\n## Amazon gets rid of “negative” votes on reviews\n\n * November 15, 2017\n\n## How to take a 401k early withdraw for education\n\n * November 16, 2017\n\n## Why I don’t intend to monetize my blog (yet)\n\n### Resources I like\n\nClick here for resources I like and use.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210915211634/https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Cut Your Own Hair with Clippers","passages":["Clothes can make (or break) the man...but what about your haircut? Here’s how to cut your own hair at home.","Even a slightly disheveled pile of hair can ruin an otherwise immaculate impression. I’ve seen a lot of men who look dapper...until you notice something’s a bit off with their hairstyle.","The truth is, haircuts definitely have a strict “expiration date.” For a long time, I was a regular offender by not sticking to it and failing to revitalize my undercut.","Unfortunately, soon after I started caring more about my hairstyle routine, I experienced rapid hair loss. Over a period of only 4 months, a severe diffuse thinning robbed me of the wavy hair I had had over the past 23 years.","After a few weeks of torture and hating myself, I decided I’d had enough. I bought a pair of clippers and shaved it all off to a #2.","I could’ve gone to a barber, yes, but I wanted to do it by myself. It felt like a rite of passage to mark a rather shocking stage in my life.","Following that, I became increasingly interested in DIY haircuts and haircutting tools. I’ve cut my friends’ hair, consulted aspiring barbers in their choice of tools and experimented with clippers by disassembling them and customizing them.","As I like to say – what started as a coping mechanism has turned into a passion. My latest haul looks like this:","There are so many products to choose from, but our top pick is the Wahl Complete Pro, which comes with everything you need for a great DIY haircut.","You can easily become your own hairstylist. No, I’m not only talking about simple buzzcuts. I’ve seen a lot of people shaping very neat fades or undercuts with a little bit of practice.","Going the DIY haircut way is very satisfying. You’re in full control of your looks, you learn a cool new skill and you save quite a bit of money in the process. There’s literally nothing not to like... except maybe the 5-10 minutes of post-haircut cleanup.","Your cuts will look like crap if you don’t do a little bit of due diligence. It won’t even matter if you have a natural talent for DIY haircutting.","I’ve seen a lot of people complaining about clippers “chewing” on their hair without cutting properly, breaking down in no time, blades rusting, etc.","This is quite similar to me getting a pair of $10 headphones and wondering why the sound sucks and why they broke after a month or two.","Don’t make the same mistake. Quality clippers don’t need to be very expensive, but you do tend to get what you pay for. Here are a few tips:","The big three are Wahl, Andis and Oster, with a thumbs up for Remington too. I know some people like Conair, but I haven’t had good experiences with their clippers.","Everything below that might lack performance, everything above that is a premium that you don’t necessarily need. A lot of barbers actually use mid- range clippers like Oster Fast Feeds or Wahl Magic Clips.","Some models come packed with lots of additional things – from scissors, to capes and luxury storage boxes. You may or may not need these.","What you definitely need are clipper guards, as many of them as possible. They define how versatile you are in your DIY hairstyling.","A typical clipper weighs around 1 lbs and is 6′′ or so in size. Models above that usually have metal in their construction.","Your typical home clippers are the adjustable blade type. Their symbolic feature is a side lever that looks like this:","This little guy gives you valuable control over the length of your cuts. Pulling the lever in a “closed” position will cut your hair shorter. Leaving it “open” will allow for longer cutting lengths.","Basically, you get a simple, convenient way to further control how much hair you cut, aside from clipper combs. You can layer your hair mid-cut with a quick flick of the lever.","Detachable blade clippers are the Cadillacs of haircutting tools. Their cuts are crisper and honestly, you’ll feel like a hairstylist with a decade of experience behind your back.","While there are comb sets for detachable clippers too, the real pride and satisfaction of using one comes exactly by sticking to naked blades.","In most of the cases, I recommend you pick an adjustable blade clipper. They are quite straightforward to work with, cheaper and usually come with more accessories.","What I love about cutting hair with clippers is how much more of a streamlined, convenient process it is compared to working with scissors.","If you’re not doing something overly complicated with your hair, it can take as few as three minutes for a quick buzzcut, or 10-15 minutes for something more demanding.","The only hard-set rule when you’re cutting your own hair is to go against the grain. Your hair’s direction might differ depending on the specific part of your head.","If you’re going to do a shorter buzz, pay special attention to the crown. I feel the skin there is a little bit more tender than other parts of our heads, so be more gentle.","Note that the area around the ear can be a bit tricky. A lot of the clipper kits, especially the Wahl ones, include specific attachments called “ear tapers.”","Make sure you use them instead of the standard combs. If you’re working with a naked blade, make especially slow motions so as not to poke your ear. There won’t be blood, but it still hurts.","I go bottom-to-top in an against the grain motion once more. Usually this is where you’ll need a small hand mirror to see how your cutting efforts are turning out.","Yes, you can get by just “feeling” the length of your hair. However, there’s a high chance you’ll miss some parts.","For the neckline, you might consider a neckline template – local shops and Amazon should have them. Or you can just make your own! I’ve even heard about people using belts to get their neckline right.","For me, placing my fingers and taking a good look at the hand mirror while going slowly with the trimmer are more than enough.","A very simple, yet effective tip regardless of your preferred hair length is to leave the sides a bit shorter than the top.","Most of the time, hair on the sides appears to be bulkier which might make your hairstyle lack symmetry. Taking a bit more off the sides preserves the balance and makes your hair look neater.","So for example, if you go with a #6 guard on your top, make the sides a #5 or #4. I’m partial to the more discrete 1 size difference – when I started buzzing my head, it was a #2 all over.","Before moving to my current close-to-bald shave, I found out that a #2 on the sides and a longer #3 on top looks way more presentable. The slight difference evened out the denser hair on the sides and the sparse remains on top.","For me, a #4 would be too much of a contrast, as you can see from the difference in combs:","As I mentioned before, most of the kits should come with quite a few guards included. Their lengths are standardized between brands, with very small deviations present.","Usually, you’ll get attachments numbered from #1 to #8. Here’s what length they cut to (inches shown are equal to the amount of hair left on your head):","As I mentioned, before my hair loss I’d sometimes get lazy with keeping my haircut fresh. Other times, the postponing was due to purely financial reasons.","But there’s a third factor: from time to time, I just didn’t want to bother with the social side of hitting the barber shop. I suck at small talk and if you’re not in a good mood, the whole grooming session can get really awkward.","The good thing with home haircuts is that you can refresh your hairstyle whenever you wish. 10PM? No problem, just grab the clippers and get to work. Not in the mood? Nobody forces you to go through small talk or any social interactions anyways!","These two areas are the biggest offenders when it comes to haircuts that seem like they’ve gone past their “expiry date.”","It’s because these sections are delicate lines that require more frequent touching up. Just a few overgrown hairs and you’re looking like a careless caveman.","If you already have a quality beard trimmer, you can actually use it (naked blade) to touch up both areas. In my case, I prefer a professional hair trimmer like this Andis T Outliner:","Which prompts me to make an important distinction: hair clippers and hair trimmers are two completely different tools. I’ve seen a lot of people use them interchangeably, but that’s straight up wrong.","Notice the blade teeth? Very small and situated close to each other. Most trimmers also have a limited number of guards, if any at all.","Hair clippers were meant to work on your hair or serve as grooming tools for longer beards. Check what the blade on the Wahl Senior looks like:","As you can guess, the wider teeth and bigger blade easily miss the mark when it comes to detailed work. That’s why they’re not optimal if you want to do keep your sideburns or neckline properly trimmed.","The neckline is especially sneaky, as we usually don’t pay attention to what happens in the lower part of the back of our head.","It really depends on how hairy you are, and what’s your hair growth rate, but do frequent checks with the side mirror.","As for the sideburns, if I shave my beard, I leave them higher. A standard practice when they grow out is to just trim them to the halfway point of your ears.","If you have an extremely thick neck, I advise you to go for a tapered/layered neckline, just like the fade haircuts you’re seeing. Conversely, if it’s thin, go for a more squared shape as it’ll add a bit of volume to your neck.","A possible enemy of any dapper looking haircut can be the growth of unhealthy hair. Breakages and split hairs; dreary looking locks – if you’re too harsh on your hair, these can significantly shorten the life of your haircut.","When I had longer hair, I always preferred to stick to towels and pat gently, with slow motions to minimize the risks of hair breakages.","Using a good conditioner is also quite important as it fosters the growth of smooth, healthy hair. I don’t recommend you use it every day, especially if you have fine hair.","However, conditioners are not a one-size-fits-all product. What works for some other men might be a total disaster for you.","What I want to say here is that in any case, you should stick to a suitable conditioner if you want to preserve your hairstyle’s brilliance for a longer time.","Hair clippers save you money and give you access to a pretty cool skill. In return, they want something very basic: maintenance.","The frequency depends on how much hair you cut, but generally make sure you oil your clippers after every cut. For quicker, shorter buzzcuts every other cut is acceptable too.","Make sure you remove all remains after every single cut. Hair and debris will deteriorate your clipper blade’s sharpness and will reduce the quality of your cuts.","Not necessarily after every cut, but make sure you clean the blades from time to time. As I cut pretty close and there’s contact with my skin, I disinfect my blades at least twice per month.","The good thing is most clippers come with a small tube of clipper oil and a tiny brush included in the set. As for disinfectants, both Wahl and Andis have sprays or liquids that take care of that.","Pro Tip: If you lose your cleaning brush (something I’ve been guilty of quite a few times!), a small toothbrush should do the job just fine too!","I have the feeling that way too many people think of DIY haircuts and clippers as something that’s way more complicated than it really is.","Sure, if you’re rocking a very intricate hairstyle, it’s probably not worth it to try to emulate your barber’s technique.","But honestly, probably more than half of the men I’ve seen so far stick to relatively simple haircuts that can be easily done at home. No doubt, it might take a “trial” cut or two to get things right, but it saves time, it saves money, and gives you a new DIY skill to brag about.","A total no-brainer given its price and all the accessories you receive, I’ve dubbed this model “The King of Home Haircuts”.","I want to commend two things here – it’s wide, curved blade that follows the head shape better than traditional blades, and the extra small, palm-sized body.","If you’re just experimenting with the idea of cutting your own hair, I’d recommend starting with something inexpensive. You can always upgrade later on!","The Modest Man staff writers are experts in men's lifestyle who love teaching guys how to live their best lives.","Or just be a big boy and go to a barber and have it done right. I’ve never, ever seen a good DIY haircut with the exception of the buzz.","I’ve seen plenty of bad ones Brock and each owner has been all too happy to share with me that they did it themselves. Two things my dad taught me – keep your mouth closed when your either angry or under water, and leave the haircuts to the professionals.","Hey Brock. Hair cuts should be left to the Professionals, for all the gents i know that tried to cut their own hair was not successful i always say don’t be cheap when it comes to hair cuts pay a professional there are no shorts cuts when it comes to hair cuts","I’ve been cutting my husband and 2 sons hair (with clippers) for almost 30 years. Great information and tips here-still learning Thanks","Hi Brock. I have cut my own hair since I was first hired at an airline in October 1990. With an airline pilot schedule, the last thing I want to do is make another appointment in my life to do what? Haircut! No. I do it myself. Your tips are spot on. I have already incorporated them over the years, but it was a nice validation to view them on your site.","This is great information Brock. I may need to begin cutting my son’s hair at home (instead of the barber shop) for the first time and this has been the best overview I’ve seen while reviewing tutorials. Thanks!!!","I think it would be easier to cut another’s hair than one’s own. I know people who cut there kid’s and parents hair quite well after the beginning.","🧦 Falke Invisible Step Socks – not cheap, but perhaps the best no show socks you can buy right now","👕 Ash & Erie Short Sleeve Button Up – short sleeve button up shirts in lots of colors (perfect untucked length)"]},"parsed_md":"How to Cut Your Own Hair with Clippers\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nThe Modest Man\n\nHome\n\n/ Grooming\n\n/ A Beginner’s Guide to Cutting Your Own Hair at Home\n\n# A Beginner’s Guide to Cutting Your Own Hair at Home\n\nPublished on October 16, 2017 by TMM Staff · Grooming, Popular\n\nMay contain affiliate links (what's this?)\n\nClothes can make (or break) the man...but what about your haircut? Here’s how\nto cut your own hair at home.\n\n### Table of Contents\n\n * You NEED the Proper Tools\n * Cutting Your Own Hair\n * Making Your Haircut Last Longer\n * Hair Clipper Maintenance\n * Final Thoughts & Recommendations\n\nEven a slightly disheveled pile of hair can ruin an otherwise immaculate\nimpression. I’ve seen a lot of men who look dapper...until you notice\nsomething’s a bit off with their hairstyle.\n\nIt could be an overgrown neckline that has lost its trimmed neatness.\n\nA fade haircut where the sides have gotten way too thick to achieve the\nlayered effect properly.\n\nOr just your standard easy cut that’s turned into a jungle of messy locks\nbefore you even realized.\n\n> The truth is, haircuts definitely have a strict “expiration date.” For a\n> long time, I was a regular offender by not sticking to it and failing to\n> revitalize my undercut.\n\nSometimes I was just lazy. On other occasions the financial side of things was\nto blame. It can be expensive if you want to keep your hair in check\nfrequently!\n\nUnfortunately, soon after I started caring more about my hairstyle routine, I\nexperienced rapid hair loss. Over a period of only 4 months, a severe diffuse\nthinning robbed me of the wavy hair I had had over the past 23 years.\n\nAfter a few weeks of torture and hating myself, I decided I’d had enough. I\nbought a pair of clippers and shaved it all off to a #2.\n\nI could’ve gone to a barber, yes, but I wanted to do it by myself. It felt\nlike a rite of passage to mark a rather shocking stage in my life.\n\nFollowing that, I became increasingly interested in DIY haircuts and\nhaircutting tools. I’ve cut my friends’ hair, consulted aspiring barbers in\ntheir choice of tools and experimented with clippers by disassembling them and\ncustomizing them.\n\nAs I like to say – what started as a coping mechanism has turned into a\npassion. My latest haul looks like this:\n\nThere are so many products to choose from, but our top pick is the Wahl\nComplete Pro, which comes with everything you need for a great DIY haircut.\n\nYou can easily become your own hairstylist. No, I’m not only talking about\nsimple buzzcuts. I’ve seen a lot of people shaping very neat fades or\nundercuts with a little bit of practice.\n\nGoing the DIY haircut way is very satisfying. You’re in full control of your\nlooks, you learn a cool new skill and you save quite a bit of money in the\nprocess. There’s literally nothing not to like... except maybe the 5-10\nminutes of post-haircut cleanup.\n\nLet’s take a look at a few basics of trying out a home haircut.\n\n## You NEED the Proper Tools\n\nYour cuts will look like crap if you don’t do a little bit of due diligence.\nIt won’t even matter if you have a natural talent for DIY haircutting.\n\nI’ve seen a lot of people complaining about clippers “chewing” on their hair\nwithout cutting properly, breaking down in no time, blades rusting, etc.\n\nGuess what? 90% of the time they were shooting for cheap clippers off the\nshelves in Walmart for $15.\n\nThis is quite similar to me getting a pair of $10 headphones and wondering why\nthe sound sucks and why they broke after a month or two.\n\nDon’t make the same mistake. Quality clippers don’t need to be very expensive,\nbut you do tend to get what you pay for. Here are a few tips:\n\n### Hair Clipper Brands\n\nThe big three are Wahl, Andis and Oster, with a thumbs up for Remington too. I\nknow some people like Conair, but I haven’t had good experiences with their\nclippers.\n\n### Price Range\n\n$35 to $60 is a good price tag for clippers that are suited for home users.\n\nEverything below that might lack performance, everything above that is a\npremium that you don’t necessarily need. A lot of barbers actually use mid-\nrange clippers like Oster Fast Feeds or Wahl Magic Clips.\n\nGoing above $90 means you’re getting professional tools that you’ll see in\nhigher end barbershops.\n\n### Accessories & Extras\n\nSome models come packed with lots of additional things – from scissors, to\ncapes and luxury storage boxes. You may or may not need these.\n\nWhat you definitely need are clipper guards, as many of them as possible. They\ndefine how versatile you are in your DIY hairstyling.\n\n### Size & Weight\n\nA typical clipper weighs around 1 lbs and is 6′′ or so in size. Models above\nthat usually have metal in their construction.\n\nThey will heat up and tire your hands more.\n\nLightweight clippers are usually cordless, but be careful – you might be\ntrading performance for their convenience.\n\n### Adjustable vs. Detachable Blade Clippers\n\nYour typical home clippers are the adjustable blade type. Their symbolic\nfeature is a side lever that looks like this:\n\nThis little guy gives you valuable control over the length of your cuts.\nPulling the lever in a “closed” position will cut your hair shorter. Leaving\nit “open” will allow for longer cutting lengths.\n\nBasically, you get a simple, convenient way to further control how much hair\nyou cut, aside from clipper combs. You can layer your hair mid-cut with a\nquick flick of the lever.\n\n> Detachable blade clippers are the Cadillacs of haircutting tools. Their cuts\n> are crisper and honestly, you’ll feel like a hairstylist with a decade of\n> experience behind your back.\n\nThis type works in a completely different way. To control the cutting length,\nyou have to swap one blade with a different sized one. This can feel a bit\noverwhelming for beginners, not to mention the whole ordeal costs more.\n\nWhile there are comb sets for detachable clippers too, the real pride and\nsatisfaction of using one comes exactly by sticking to naked blades.\n\nIn most of the cases, I recommend you pick an adjustable blade clipper. They\nare quite straightforward to work with, cheaper and usually come with more\naccessories.\n\n## Cutting Your Own Hair\n\nWhat I love about cutting hair with clippers is how much more of a\nstreamlined, convenient process it is compared to working with scissors.\n\nIf you’re not doing something overly complicated with your hair, it can take\nas few as three minutes for a quick buzzcut, or 10-15 minutes for something\nmore demanding.\n\nThe only hard-set rule when you’re cutting your own hair is to go against the\ngrain. Your hair’s direction might differ depending on the specific part of\nyour head.\n\nHere’s how I usually buzz my head and do easy cuts on my friends:\n\n### Step 1: Start with the top by going front to back\n\nIf you’re going to do a shorter buzz, pay special attention to the crown. I\nfeel the skin there is a little bit more tender than other parts of our heads,\nso be more gentle.\n\n### Step 2: Move to the sides\n\nNote that the area around the ear can be a bit tricky. A lot of the clipper\nkits, especially the Wahl ones, include specific attachments called “ear\ntapers.”\n\nMake sure you use them instead of the standard combs. If you’re working with a\nnaked blade, make especially slow motions so as not to poke your ear. There\nwon’t be blood, but it still hurts.\n\n### Step 3: The back of the head comes last\n\nI go bottom-to-top in an against the grain motion once more. Usually this is\nwhere you’ll need a small hand mirror to see how your cutting efforts are\nturning out.\n\nYes, you can get by just “feeling” the length of your hair. However, there’s a\nhigh chance you’ll miss some parts.\n\nTo avoid looking ridiculous, just use the hand mirror so you don’t end up with\nuneven hair patches.\n\n### Step 4: Give the neckline and sideburns some love\n\nThis is crucial. You want them to look sharp, otherwise they’ll ruin your cut.\n\nFor the neckline, you might consider a neckline template – local shops and\nAmazon should have them. Or you can just make your own! I’ve even heard about\npeople using belts to get their neckline right.\n\nFor me, placing my fingers and taking a good look at the hand mirror while\ngoing slowly with the trimmer are more than enough.\n\nA very simple, yet effective tip regardless of your preferred hair length is\nto leave the sides a bit shorter than the top.\n\n> Most of the time, hair on the sides appears to be bulkier which might make\n> your hairstyle lack symmetry. Taking a bit more off the sides preserves the\n> balance and makes your hair look neater.\n\nUsually there’s a 1 or 2 clipper sizes difference between the two sections.\n\nSo for example, if you go with a #6 guard on your top, make the sides a #5 or\n#4. I’m partial to the more discrete 1 size difference – when I started\nbuzzing my head, it was a #2 all over.\n\nBefore moving to my current close-to-bald shave, I found out that a #2 on the\nsides and a longer #3 on top looks way more presentable. The slight difference\nevened out the denser hair on the sides and the sparse remains on top.\n\nFor me, a #4 would be too much of a contrast, as you can see from the\ndifference in combs:\n\nSpeaking of sizes and numbers...\n\n## Standard Cutting Lengths\n\nAs I mentioned before, most of the kits should come with quite a few guards\nincluded. Their lengths are standardized between brands, with very small\ndeviations present.\n\nUsually, you’ll get attachments numbered from #1 to #8. Here’s what length\nthey cut to (inches shown are equal to the amount of hair left on your head):\n\n * #1 – 1/8′′ or 3 mm\n * #2 – 1/4′′ or 6 mm\n * #3 – 3/8′′ or 10 mm\n * #4 – 1/2′′ or 13 mm\n * #5 – 5/8′′ or 16 mm\n * #6 – 3/4′′ or 19 mm\n * #7 – 7/8′′ or 22 mm\n * #8 – 1′′ or 25 mm\n\nGenerally size increments are around 1/8′′ or 3 mm.\n\nThere’s a few additional sizes that might are more situational and might not\nbe included with some clippers:\n\n * #0 (or #1/2 with Wahl clippers) – 1/16′′ or 1.5 mm\n * # 1 1/2 (Wahl clippers) – 3/16′′ or 4.5 mm\n * #10 (Wahl clippers) – 1 1/4′′ or 32 mm\n * #12 (Wahl clippers) – 1 1/2′′ or 38 mm\n\nEither way, here’s how to make your home haircut last longer.\n\n## Making Your Haircut Last Longer\n\nSome people love going to the barbershop. For others, it can be a bit of a\nstruggle.\n\nAs I mentioned, before my hair loss I’d sometimes get lazy with keeping my\nhaircut fresh. Other times, the postponing was due to purely financial\nreasons.\n\nBut there’s a third factor: from time to time, I just didn’t want to bother\nwith the social side of hitting the barber shop. I suck at small talk and if\nyou’re not in a good mood, the whole grooming session can get really awkward.\n\nThe good thing with home haircuts is that you can refresh your hairstyle\nwhenever you wish. 10PM? No problem, just grab the clippers and get to work.\nNot in the mood? Nobody forces you to go through small talk or any social\ninteractions anyways!\n\nHome haircuts can be a relaxed way of doing some proper touch-ups between your\nfull haircuts.\n\n### Clean up your sideburns and neckline\n\nThese two areas are the biggest offenders when it comes to haircuts that seem\nlike they’ve gone past their “expiry date.”\n\nEven when your hair is actually still on point!\n\nIt’s because these sections are delicate lines that require more frequent\ntouching up. Just a few overgrown hairs and you’re looking like a careless\ncaveman.\n\nOkay, that was quite the hyperbole, but these can get messy in no time,\nreally.\n\nHowever, clippers won’t do a great job here. What you really need is a proper\nhair trimmer.\n\nIf you already have a quality beard trimmer, you can actually use it (naked\nblade) to touch up both areas. In my case, I prefer a professional hair\ntrimmer like this Andis T Outliner:\n\nWhich prompts me to make an important distinction: hair clippers and hair\ntrimmers are two completely different tools. I’ve seen a lot of people use\nthem interchangeably, but that’s straight up wrong.\n\nHere’s how a typical T-Blade hair trimmer looks:\n\nNotice the blade teeth? Very small and situated close to each other. Most\ntrimmers also have a limited number of guards, if any at all.\n\nThey’re made for maintaining stubble or shorter beards, touching up sideburns,\nshaping necklines or doing edge-ups.\n\nHair clippers were meant to work on your hair or serve as grooming tools for\nlonger beards. Check what the blade on the Wahl Senior looks like:\n\nThis is a professional grade Wahl Clipper\n\nAs you can guess, the wider teeth and bigger blade easily miss the mark when\nit comes to detailed work. That’s why they’re not optimal if you want to do\nkeep your sideburns or neckline properly trimmed.\n\nThe neckline is especially sneaky, as we usually don’t pay attention to what\nhappens in the lower part of the back of our head.\n\nIt really depends on how hairy you are, and what’s your hair growth rate, but\ndo frequent checks with the side mirror.\n\n> As for the sideburns, if I shave my beard, I leave them higher. A standard\n> practice when they grow out is to just trim them to the halfway point of\n> your ears.\n\nMy neckline has decided to grow out like a gorilla’s, for some reason, so I\nhave to clean it up every 2-3 days. If you’re luckier guy than me, once per\nweek should be fine.\n\nIf you have an extremely thick neck, I advise you to go for a tapered/layered\nneckline, just like the fade haircuts you’re seeing. Conversely, if it’s thin,\ngo for a more squared shape as it’ll add a bit of volume to your neck.\n\n### Ensure new hairs are healthy\n\nThe sideburns and neckline are the little details, but let’s not forget about\nthe bulk of your hair.\n\nA possible enemy of any dapper looking haircut can be the growth of unhealthy\nhair. Breakages and split hairs; dreary looking locks – if you’re too harsh on\nyour hair, these can significantly shorten the life of your haircut.\n\nThe best solution is to be careful with drying your hair, as it’s most\nvulnerable when it’s wet.\n\nWhen I had longer hair, I always preferred to stick to towels and pat gently,\nwith slow motions to minimize the risks of hair breakages.\n\nUsing a good conditioner is also quite important as it fosters the growth of\nsmooth, healthy hair. I don’t recommend you use it every day, especially if\nyou have fine hair.\n\nHowever, conditioners are not a one-size-fits-all product. What works for some\nother men might be a total disaster for you.\n\nFine hair will need a thickening conditioner for optimal healthiness and\nlooks; this could backfire for thicker hair types.\n\nWhat I want to say here is that in any case, you should stick to a suitable\nconditioner if you want to preserve your hairstyle’s brilliance for a longer\ntime.\n\n## Hair Clipper Maintenance\n\nHair clippers save you money and give you access to a pretty cool skill. In\nreturn, they want something very basic: maintenance.\n\nDon’t worry, it’s not an overly complicated task! It boils down to three\nthings:\n\n### #1: Oiling\n\nThe frequency depends on how much hair you cut, but generally make sure you\noil your clippers after every cut. For quicker, shorter buzzcuts every other\ncut is acceptable too.\n\n### #2: Cleaning leftover hair\n\nMake sure you remove all remains after every single cut. Hair and debris will\ndeteriorate your clipper blade’s sharpness and will reduce the quality of your\ncuts.\n\n### #3: Disinfecting\n\nNot necessarily after every cut, but make sure you clean the blades from time\nto time. As I cut pretty close and there’s contact with my skin, I disinfect\nmy blades at least twice per month.\n\nThe good thing is most clippers come with a small tube of clipper oil and a\ntiny brush included in the set. As for disinfectants, both Wahl and Andis have\nsprays or liquids that take care of that.\n\nPro Tip: If you lose your cleaning brush (something I’ve been guilty of quite\na few times!), a small toothbrush should do the job just fine too!\n\n## Final Thoughts & Recommendations\n\nI have the feeling that way too many people think of DIY haircuts and clippers\nas something that’s way more complicated than it really is.\n\nSure, if you’re rocking a very intricate hairstyle, it’s probably not worth it\nto try to emulate your barber’s technique.\n\nBut honestly, probably more than half of the men I’ve seen so far stick to\nrelatively simple haircuts that can be easily done at home. No doubt, it might\ntake a “trial” cut or two to get things right, but it saves time, it saves\nmoney, and gives you a new DIY skill to brag about.\n\nIf you’re looking for some product suggestions, here’s what’s worked for me\nand the people around me:\n\n→ Whole haircutting kit: Wahl Elite Pro\n\nThis is actually what other pro reviewers like The Sweethome recommend too.\n\nWahl Elite Pro Kit (pretty much all you need to cut your own hair)\n\nA total no-brainer given its price and all the accessories you receive, I’ve\ndubbed this model “The King of Home Haircuts”.\n\n→ Cordless, lightweight clipper: Remington HC4250\n\nI want to commend two things here – it’s wide, curved blade that follows the\nhead shape better than traditional blades, and the extra small, palm-sized\nbody.\n\nKeep in mind that it’s perfect for buzzcuts, but not optimal for layered\nhairstyles.\n\n→ More professional tools: Oster Fast Feed / Wahl Magic Clip\n\n→ Barber-grade detachable blade clipper: Oster Classic 76\n\nIf you’re just experimenting with the idea of cutting your own hair, I’d\nrecommend starting with something inexpensive. You can always upgrade later\non!\n\nQuestions? Ask them below in the comments section!\n\nGrooming, Popular Filed Under:DIY, hair 9 comments\n\n### Related Posts\n\nThe 18 Best Men’s Hairstyles to Try in 2021The Best Sulfate-Free Shampoos for\nMen in 202111 Easy Low Maintenance Men’s Hairstyles10 Handsome Grey Hairstyles\nfor Men (Young and Old)\n\n#### About TMM Staff\n\nThe Modest Man staff writers are experts in men's lifestyle who love teaching\nguys how to live their best lives.\n\n### Join the Club\n\nNever miss a post, plus grab this free guide (instant download). No spam.\nEver.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Sal Rabinowitz says\n\nNovember 6, 2017 at 5:59 pm\n\nOr just be a big boy and go to a barber and have it done right. I’ve never,\never seen a good DIY haircut with the exception of the buzz.\n\nReply\n\n * Brock says\n\nNovember 6, 2017 at 11:07 pm\n\nHow would you know if you had seen one?\n\nReply\n\n * Sal Rabinowitz says\n\nNovember 7, 2017 at 11:36 am\n\nI’ve seen plenty of bad ones Brock and each owner has been all too happy to\nshare with me that they did it themselves. Two things my dad taught me – keep\nyour mouth closed when your either angry or under water, and leave the\nhaircuts to the professionals.\n\nReply\n\n * Brock says\n\nNovember 7, 2017 at 12:08 pm\n\nSounds like that first lesson may not have sunk in fully...\n\nReply\n\n 2. FREDRICK WATERS says\n\nFebruary 15, 2019 at 2:17 pm\n\nHey Brock. Hair cuts should be left to the Professionals, for all the gents i\nknow that tried to cut their own hair was not successful i always say don’t be\ncheap when it comes to hair cuts pay a professional there are no shorts cuts\nwhen it comes to hair cuts\n\nReply\n\n 3. Mary says\n\nJune 11, 2019 at 7:52 pm\n\nI’ve been cutting my husband and 2 sons hair (with clippers) for almost 30\nyears. Great information and tips here-still learning Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 4. Ken says\n\nJuly 7, 2019 at 10:56 pm\n\nHi Brock. I have cut my own hair since I was first hired at an airline in\nOctober 1990. With an airline pilot schedule, the last thing I want to do is\nmake another appointment in my life to do what? Haircut! No. I do it myself.\nYour tips are spot on. I have already incorporated them over the years, but it\nwas a nice validation to view them on your site.\n\nCiao’ Ken\n\nReply\n\n 5. Esti says\n\nApril 11, 2020 at 12:00 pm\n\nThis is great information Brock. I may need to begin cutting my son’s hair at\nhome (instead of the barber shop) for the first time and this has been the\nbest overview I’ve seen while reviewing tutorials. Thanks!!!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Greg Bankston says\n\nNovember 24, 2020 at 2:44 pm\n\nI think it would be easier to cut another’s hair than one’s own. I know people\nwho cut there kid’s and parents hair quite well after the beginning.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Join the Club\n\nNever miss a post, plus grab this free guide (instant download).\n\nNo spam. Ever.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\n### Top 5 Favorites for Spring/Summer 2021\n\n 1. 👟 Koio Capri Sneakers – Common Projects quality for a fraction of the price\n 2. 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Is it too long over all? Are the layers too long on top?” Get the right tools. Wheeler says that any kind of shears will work: “I know a lot of people who cut their hair with nail scissors.”","Situate yourself someplace where you will be comfortable. Some self-stylists will be more at ease cutting by feel; others will prefer to use their own reflection. “When you’re looking in the mirror, it’s super disorienting,” Wheeler says. “It takes a while to figure out what you’re seeing. When I use a mirror, I have to switch my body position to really see what I’m cutting. It’s awkward at first, to see where your body is and where the hair you want to cut is and where the scissors are.” Negotiate that spatial relationship by taking your time and by focusing on a fixed point in the reflected background to establish depth of field.","If you have thick curly hair and want to take out some of the weight, part your hair and separate out some sections underneath the part. Move your fingers about two to three inches away from the scalp. “You don’t want to cut on your part,” Wheeler says. “You want it on the inside of your hair.” If you have very fine hair, be cautious and “careful not to create blunt lines.” Don’t try to finish the job too quickly. “I have clients who have given themselves full haircuts,” she says. “They go really slowly. Take a little bit off and look at it.”","The most important thing, according to Wheeler, is to “cut with confidence.” She has been cutting her own hair since she was 12 and has coached relatives and friends over Skype through self-given haircuts. Here’s how you know when you are done: “You cut something, you shake your hair out and it looks good to you. Or you feel scared — that feeling would be a good stopping point too.”","Wheeler also advises that it’s “important to have a relationship with a stylist so that if you have a hair emergency, they can bail you out.”"]},"parsed_md":"How to Cut Your Own Hair - The New York Times\n\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\n\nToday’s Paper\n\nHow to Cut Your Own Hair\n\nhttps://nyti.ms/2en2zvv\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nSupported by\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nTip\n\n# How to Cut Your Own Hair\n\nBy Jaime Lowe\n\n * Oct. 21, 2016\n\nCredit...Illustration by Radio\n\n“Style it dry and identify what’s not working,” says Alexis Wheeler, who owns\nthe Crown salon in New York. “Is it too dense? Is it too long over all? Are\nthe layers too long on top?” Get the right tools. Wheeler says that any kind\nof shears will work: “I know a lot of people who cut their hair with nail\nscissors.”\n\nSituate yourself someplace where you will be comfortable. Some self-stylists\nwill be more at ease cutting by feel; others will prefer to use their own\nreflection. “When you’re looking in the mirror, it’s super disorienting,”\nWheeler says. “It takes a while to figure out what you’re seeing. When I use a\nmirror, I have to switch my body position to really see what I’m cutting. It’s\nawkward at first, to see where your body is and where the hair you want to cut\nis and where the scissors are.” Negotiate that spatial relationship by taking\nyour time and by focusing on a fixed point in the reflected background to\nestablish depth of field.\n\nIf you have thick curly hair and want to take out some of the weight, part\nyour hair and separate out some sections underneath the part. Move your\nfingers about two to three inches away from the scalp. “You don’t want to cut\non your part,” Wheeler says. “You want it on the inside of your hair.” If you\nhave very fine hair, be cautious and “careful not to create blunt lines.”\nDon’t try to finish the job too quickly. “I have clients who have given\nthemselves full haircuts,” she says. “They go really slowly. Take a little bit\noff and look at it.”\n\nThe most important thing, according to Wheeler, is to “cut with confidence.”\nShe has been cutting her own hair since she was 12 and has coached relatives\nand friends over Skype through self-given haircuts. Here’s how you know when\nyou are done: “You cut something, you shake your hair out and it looks good to\nyou. Or you feel scared — that feeling would be a good stopping point too.”\n\nWheeler also advises that it’s “important to have a relationship with a\nstylist so that if you have a hair emergency, they can bail you out.”\n\n“Everything can be fixed,” she says.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170804091347/http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/","parsed_text":{"title":"How To Cut Your Man’s Hair (Tips & Video)","passages":["This is one of those posts I never thought I’d write (it’s definitely not very home related) but due to a surprising amount of requests, here it is. I guess anything that has to do with saving money and doing something yourself is fair game, right? I have no idea how I got into cutting people’s hair, but throughout high school and college I just played around, cutting off a guy’s mullet here and giving my BFF a super short pixie cut there (all at my “client’s” requests, of course). Why did they trust me? I have no idea. Maybe I just have a trustworthy face? I most certainly don’t have any formal training. I just sort of treat hair like I’d imagine I’d make a butter sculpture. You just remove the extra stuff so you’re left with the shape you want. Confidence inspiring, huh? But a bunch of people actually noticed my latest work of haircut art on John’s head in party pictures yesterday, so... score! Haha.","The funny thing is that we realized I’ve been cutting John’s hair for seven whole years! And I’ve probably dished out 50+ other haircuts to other friends and family members throughout the last ten years (why yes I have cut my brother in law’s hair in the backyard of John’s parents beach house). So take this post for what it is, one not-professional gal’s take on how she grooms her man. An above the neck manscaping lesson if you will.","But since it’s extremely impossible to tell you how I cut John’s hair and a lot more descriptive to just show you, we actually made a video, thanks to the help of our handy little tripod. Look at that shaggy hair John had going on in this “setting up for the video” shot:","But on with the video! Let’s get up close and personal with those light brown locks, shall we? Oh yes, and I have primer/paint all over my hands from Clara’s birthday dollhouse (more on that tomorrow).","For anyone who can’t watch the video with the sound on (mehaps you’re at work?) it’s actually still pretty easy to understand on mute (since you just have to see what my hands are doing to get the gist). And I’ve included a few written tips in bullet form below, just to help anyone with a sucker on standby who’s ok with you experimenting on their head. I say that in the most kind and loving way, since all of my friends and family who have let me go to town on their hair are pretty darn awesome. I actually haven’t had an oopsie since college (I went a little shorter than I meant to on a gal in dorms, but she totally had the bone structure to work it). Although now that I’ve made that claim I feel like I should knock on wood. Or John should, since he’d be the most likely person to have to walk around with a potential hair snafu if it ever were to happen. Anyway, on with the tips:","I cut hair when it’s dry or very lightly misted with water because my experience when cutting wet hair has been that it “shrinks up” and is always shorter than I mean for it to be – which can lead to profuse apologies. Also hair that’s wet might not “lay” the way it does when it’s dry (ex: a cowlick might make itself known when hair’s dry and result in an uneven effect).","I cut John’s hair at night after Clara’s off to bed so we can get ‘er done without distractions (no toddler running through the hair pile on the floor- which Burger thankfully avoids like the plague).","I don’t use a buzzer and just shave John’s neck for him after the haircut with a regular shaving razor. That always makes things look nice and polished, and this way we don’t have to store a big hair buzzer (or pay for one).","I use hair-cutting scissors that I got for like $5 from CVS. They don’t even have a brand name on them to pass along. Sorry!","I use my fingers to keep things even. For example, when I cut John’s hair I cut it one-finger-length from his scalp, so it all stays that length. I go a little longer on top – maybe two finger lengths (see the video for more on this).","I always try to cut hair vertically (ex: parallel to John’s spine) – except for trimming the line around his neck – since it can look dorky and block-ish if you cut things horizontally (parallel to the shoulders). It’s really hard to explain in words, but the video makes this much more clear.","I’m not a pro, so this isn’t real hairdresser scoop. Haha. I’m just a crazy girl with a penchant for pickles and cutting hair – so this is just what works for me (and John, my sweet hair-model hubby).","Oh and here’s an after pic from the back, since that might help you guys visualize it from that angle.","Hope that helps any DIY-haircutting-hopefuls out there! Does anyone else host haircuts at their house? The craziest thing is that I just calculated that we have probably saved at least $700 in the past seven years just by me cutting John’s hair (not counting all the times that I cut my own hair or ask John to snip a straight line in the back when I need a little trim and can’t reach – which might be an additional $500 in savings over the years). That’s a lot of cheddar ceramic animals...","Kudos for you for being brave enough! There’s no way I’d ever be up to cutting Kev’s hair... I’d probably end up taking off an ear or something!","Haha, believe it or not, I’ve never cut John (or anyone else I’ve cut hair for) but I usually cut myself. Just a little snip, like a paper cut. Haha. Seems to be part of the routine by now. Haha.","Speaking of haircuts. My hubby would never let me attempt one on him again. We just won’t go there. But I would love to see a DIY on how to cut a 2 year old child’s hair while sleeping. Better yet while doing anything. Jude has had 3 hair cuts maybe 4 in his life. Some easy, some not so easy. But now at 2 he will sit and wait until it’s his turn and then that’s it he goes into full fledge possessed demon mode. The last person I went to sat on the floor with Jude and I. She got one snip and then said I’m to scared I’m gonna cut him. So basically he can literally see out of one eye and his hair is beyond bad now. (my boys have tons of hair and it grows fast) Any tips or suggestions would be greatly appreciated! Lesley","Oh no, that’s rough! Is there an activity that he loves doing in his highchair? I would get him in there, all strapped in with the tray on, and give him whatever he loves (bubbles, play dough, you can even bring it outside and do it there). Then hopefully he’ll be so into what you’re giving him that he’ll let you do your thing. That’s my only idea!","My son is the same way – we do popsicles! My hairstylist friend has until the end of the popsicle to complete the haircut!","When my baby brother was that age (I was a teenager), we always cut his hair while sleeping. We would usually get one side, and then put him down on the other cheek the next night to get the other side. Haha.","Lesley, if you ever figure it out, let me know! My 18m old has had 2 haircuts, one by me, and one by my husband. Both were terrible! The very first one, we were at my parents’ house and we fed him chocolate (my parents keep those hershey’s mineratures around all the time) and that did NOT work. When I tried it, I basically chased him around his sister’s room and got a snip in here and there. He sees the scissors and freaks. Then hubby said I cut the ears too short. And his hair is curly to boot. Not ringlets curly, but definitely does not lay down. :) Fun with boys, right!","by the by, my 3 year old daughter has yet to get a haircut, though that is impending, I’m sure. It is a nightmare to brush her hair.","My best friend’s mom, when I was a kid, used to run her fingers through her 2 year old’s hair asking him if she could cut it, and he would always say no. What he did not know is she was snipping those locks she was asking about as she touched his hair – it took about a week to cut his hair but he never noticed, and never had the meltdown a formal sit-down haircut would have caused.","I know its not the best idea, but maybe before the hair cut commences, let him pick out a toy, special candy, new book so he knows its there and he physically sees it and explain that when he sits like a big boy through a hair cut he can have it..and if he doesn’t, he doesn’t get it but he still knows you have it...and he can either be rewarded or not. Toddlers like a choice...and its funny because they can either choose the fun happy path. Or the disappointing, no reward for bad behavior path.","We always put on a movie for my 2-year-old (almost 3 now!) boy and strap him into a booster seat – and then I always have a 2nd person there to hold his head still in case he gets wiggly. I’ve also heard lollipops help? But I’m not sure why because my son will still move his head around even if he has a lollipop.","Wow, thanks everyone for the tips. And thanks to you Sherri as well. Jude is a really big and strong two year old over 40lbs. He has long grown out of a high chair and giving him treats etc. forget it. He couldn’t care less. But the good news is I snuck up during nap time and took some snips at his bangs and at the very least he can see now. Beats getting charged for each individual time I keep attempting to go in and get his hair cut. We may have to try again soon when he gets older. Thanks again. Lesley","We have a chain called Cool Cuts for Kids here. They have movies and video games for the kids to play while they get their haircut (and cute cars for the babies/toddlers to sit in). It is a little pricey for a kids haircut ($17 I think) but they have coupons regularly. I took all my boys there when they were little. We only had a few incidents of kids crying through haircuts and ended up holding them in a chair while the stylist quickly did her thing. All three sit nicely for haircuts now.","My nephew was horrible with haircuts until a hairdresser suggested not using the word “cut”. Kids associate it with pain. He would sit quietly as long as he was getting his hair “trimmed” not “cut”","I’ve been cutting my husband’s hair since just before we were married (almost 10 years!). It does not go both ways, however. But I feel so smart not spending all that money on haircuts!","Oh, forgot to mention — we always head outside for haircuts so there’s less clean-up. (When we lived in a condo with a shared courtyard, he wouldn’t let anyone see, so we were relegated to the bathtub, but now we get to enjoy the sights and sounds of the backyard.)","When do we get a tutorial on you cutting your own hair? That’s what I need to see! I always manage to have a little bit too long in the back and have to ask my husband to trim off for me.","That would be a comedy of errors. It’s me with wet hair from the shower brushing it all out and then begging John to cut it carefully straight across the back. Might have to see if I can catch that on film someday. Nothing fancy about it (no layers or anything). Haha.","I’ve never been trained in doing hair or anything, but after my husband and I got married he asked for me to cut his hair. It took a few tries to get use to and get it just right, but now I’ve been doing them for 5 years. I can’t even imagine how much money we have saved over the years. Within the past few months my husband has wanted a different try of hair style that I’m still trying to perfect but now I’m thinking about starting to do my own hair. I’ve trimmed my own bangs for years and cut split ends when I’m bored in the office. So how hard can it be. I keep a pretty simple long hair style so maybe I won’t be so bad. I’ll let you know how it goes.","Aw, I love that you cut your man’s hair and trim your own bangs! Keep me posted how your own self-cut goes! Mine is pretty basic, so I hope yours is easy too!","Geez, is there nothing that $herdog can’t do? :) His hair looks great! I think it’s nice to show all sorts of things on here; I think people really look to you guys on how to simplify things in their lives and save money. I know I do.","Aw thanks Maureen! There was definitely a learning curve! It used to take me soooo long to cut his hair (like an hour!) but over time I’ve gotten faster. Haha.","Good for you guys! I totally cut my hubby’s hair too. A number one all around and then a clean up around the ears and neck with the guard off. I’ve only had an oops once...the day of my company’s Christmas party (of course). Poor guy looked like he was ready for basic training. For us it’s nice to save the moolah, but also the convenience factor rocks. We’ve got an 18 month old and this way my hubby is never over-due for a trim. Like you guys, we do our cuts after our little one is down for the night. I’ve cut his hair in the back yard at midnight in the winter since I’m such a clean freak and well, you gotta do what you gotta do when you’ve got a little person in your life. We splurged on a barber’s cape from Amazon since the hubby can’t stand getting hair down his neck. :)","Haha, too funny about the backyard in the winter at midnight! I love that you have a fancy cape like a pro!","Well, that is awesome. I have a husband and two sons, and that’s a lot of haircuts I’ve been wanting to tackle myself. I’ve experimented on my three year old, but it takes multiple cookies and episodes of Fraggle Rock to get him to cooperate. Your video was much easier to follow that what I’ve found on YouTube, so Thanks a Ton!","I cut my own bangs! The tutorial is above. Just curious...do you cut your own hair, too? And how do you do it? Just throw it over the front of your shoulders? lol. My hair is getting knotty. Thanks Sherry!","Love the bang cuts! I just brush it all out in the back (all over my shoulders on my back) and beg John to try snipping a straight line (no layers or anything fancy) and sometimes troll youtube for a tutorial that might involve light layers (like pushing it over your shoulders and cutting it in front or while gathered in pigtails, etc). I only get brave like that when it’s really long and I know I can de-layer it if it’s too crazy by just going shorter and more blunt.","I’ve been trying to let my husband let me cut his hair for years but haha that won’t be happening (he won’t even let me buzz his neck, he must know my penchant for clumsiness). That said, I used to cut my friends hair in highschool, and then in college I did a few cuts, some highlights, buzzed the guys hair a bunch, cut my own bangs, etc. I wish the boy would let me cut his hair. Then again, he only pays like $15 to a barber and goes a while in between haha.","“Above the neck manscaping lesson” !!! Oh Sherry, you kill me. I love when you guys get a bit saucy.","My husband has the same talent! He actually cuts his own hair and that of his male family members, friends and friends’ kids. We’ve been known to go over to people’s houses so he can provide haircuts and they usually provide us dinner in exchange, haha. Just like you, it’s a talent he happened to discover—no formal training. I wish he would cut my hair too but I think he’s a little terrified since he’s only worked with the dudes, but if John can handle the straight-line-across-the-back trim, it shouldn’t be that big of a deal!","When my hair was short I used to cut it regularly to save all those trips to the hairdresser, but I no longer have a bathroom where I can set up mirrors to see the back of my head. Living the long-and-pony-tailed lifestyle now.","I have a friend who cuts his own hair, too, and without any mirrors to see the back! I was super impressed; he does such a great job!","Katie: You should definitely talk your husband into cutting your hair. It must be much easier to cut long hair, so if he’s good with short, I’m sure he’ll do well. I recently went from long hair to short, in stages. I made my husband cut it, and he was literally shaking, but it looked fine even the first time (I was a little scared when I felt his hands and the scissors tremble against my back- but hey, it’s only hair!). Now I might make him watch this video, and then sort me out a nice pixie look (He just started a new job this week, so NOT the time for me to go trial-and-error on his hair...","I don’t know, guys, usually I am right there with you, but I like the before better. He needed a shape-up, but the before gives him a shaggy Brad Pitt kind of look.","Haha, oh yeah, the long hair vs. short hair debate is one for the ages! Personally John likes it short and I think he’s a hottie when it’s freshly shorn. But to each his own!","It’s funny that Amanda says John’s before picture reminds her of a shaggy Brad Pitt. I actually thought he just resembled Shaggy from Scooby Doo – and that’s NOT a bad thing, although the inner dialog in my head is now saying...”Raggy? Rooby Roo needs Rooby snacks!”.","WAY different. I keep looking at the picture to determine if it was a magazine photo because it just does not look like John. :-)","Haha- that’s so funny. I wonder if it’s just that you guys are used to seeing him straight on in pics on the ol’ blog? Our relatives and friends see us in 3D so we must look different than face-on blog pics, haha. So much that side ones look funny I guess!","I think his hair looks great, but have to be honest, I was getting sweaty palms just watching this video! I don’t think I would trust myself cutting someone else’s hair. I can’t even manage to trim my almost 2 year olds bangs. I just take her to my hairdresser for a bang trim every 2 months! haha","Haha, you’re lucky you have a 2 year old with so much hair! Clara has yet to need anything other than the occasional mullet cut. Haha.","Hey, we’re John & Sherry. We’ve fixed up 3 homes, had 2 kids, written books, designed products, and eaten countless tacos. Here you’ll find over 3,000 DIY and home projects & posts (and lots of exclamation points!!). More about us..."]},"parsed_md":"How To Cut Your Man's Hair (Tips & Video) | Young House Love\n\nYoung House Love\n\nDIY Home Decorating Projects, Tutorials, & Shenanigans\n\nMay 15, 2012 | By Sherry Petersik | 635 Comments\n\n# How To Cut Your Man’s Hair (Tips & Video)\n\nLet’s talk about DIY haircuts, shall we?\n\nThis is one of those posts I never thought I’d write (it’s definitely not very\nhome related) but due to a surprising amount of requests, here it is. I guess\nanything that has to do with saving money and doing something yourself is fair\ngame, right? I have no idea how I got into cutting people’s hair, but\nthroughout high school and college I just played around, cutting off a guy’s\nmullet here and giving my BFF a super short pixie cut there (all at my\n“client’s” requests, of course). Why did they trust me? I have no idea. Maybe\nI just have a trustworthy face? I most certainly don’t have any formal\ntraining. I just sort of treat hair like I’d imagine I’d make a butter\nsculpture. You just remove the extra stuff so you’re left with the shape you\nwant. Confidence inspiring, huh? But a bunch of people actually noticed my\nlatest work of haircut art on John’s head in party pictures yesterday, so...\nscore! Haha.\n\nThe funny thing is that we realized I’ve been cutting John’s hair for seven\nwhole years! And I’ve probably dished out 50+ other haircuts to other friends\nand family members throughout the last ten years (why yes I have cut my\nbrother in law’s hair in the backyard of John’s parents beach house). So take\nthis post for what it is, one not-professional gal’s take on how she grooms\nher man. An above the neck manscaping lesson if you will.\n\nBut since it’s extremely impossible to tell you how I cut John’s hair and a\nlot more descriptive to just show you, we actually made a video, thanks to the\nhelp of our handy little tripod. Look at that shaggy hair John had going on in\nthis “setting up for the video” shot:\n\nIt’s amazing what a little at-home clippage can do. How YOU doin’ hubby?\n\nBut on with the video! Let’s get up close and personal with those light brown\nlocks, shall we? Oh yes, and I have primer/paint all over my hands from\nClara’s birthday dollhouse (more on that tomorrow).\n\nFor anyone who can’t watch the video with the sound on (mehaps you’re at\nwork?) it’s actually still pretty easy to understand on mute (since you just\nhave to see what my hands are doing to get the gist). And I’ve included a few\nwritten tips in bullet form below, just to help anyone with a sucker on\nstandby who’s ok with you experimenting on their head. I say that in the most\nkind and loving way, since all of my friends and family who have let me go to\ntown on their hair are pretty darn awesome. I actually haven’t had an oopsie\nsince college (I went a little shorter than I meant to on a gal in dorms, but\nshe totally had the bone structure to work it). Although now that I’ve made\nthat claim I feel like I should knock on wood. Or John should, since he’d be\nthe most likely person to have to walk around with a potential hair snafu if\nit ever were to happen. Anyway, on with the tips:\n\n * I cut hair when it’s dry or very lightly misted with water because my experience when cutting wet hair has been that it “shrinks up” and is always shorter than I mean for it to be – which can lead to profuse apologies. Also hair that’s wet might not “lay” the way it does when it’s dry (ex: a cowlick might make itself known when hair’s dry and result in an uneven effect).\n * I cut John’s hair at night after Clara’s off to bed so we can get ‘er done without distractions (no toddler running through the hair pile on the floor- which Burger thankfully avoids like the plague).\n * I don’t use a buzzer and just shave John’s neck for him after the haircut with a regular shaving razor. That always makes things look nice and polished, and this way we don’t have to store a big hair buzzer (or pay for one).\n * I use hair-cutting scissors that I got for like $5 from CVS. They don’t even have a brand name on them to pass along. Sorry!\n\n * I use my fingers to keep things even. For example, when I cut John’s hair I cut it one-finger-length from his scalp, so it all stays that length. I go a little longer on top – maybe two finger lengths (see the video for more on this).\n * I always try to cut hair vertically (ex: parallel to John’s spine) – except for trimming the line around his neck – since it can look dorky and block-ish if you cut things horizontally (parallel to the shoulders). It’s really hard to explain in words, but the video makes this much more clear.\n * I’m not a pro, so this isn’t real hairdresser scoop. Haha. I’m just a crazy girl with a penchant for pickles and cutting hair – so this is just what works for me (and John, my sweet hair-model hubby).\n\nOh and here’s an after pic from the back, since that might help you guys\nvisualize it from that angle.\n\nHope that helps any DIY-haircutting-hopefuls out there! Does anyone else host\nhaircuts at their house? The craziest thing is that I just calculated that we\nhave probably saved at least $700 in the past seven years just by me cutting\nJohn’s hair (not counting all the times that I cut my own hair or ask John to\nsnip a straight line in the back when I need a little trim and can’t reach –\nwhich might be an additional $500 in savings over the years). That’s a lot of\ncheddar ceramic animals...\n\n### More posts from Young House Love\n\nFiled Under: Favorites, Saving Money, Videos\n\nStuff We Love\n\nReplacing An Old Bathroom Light\n\nHow To Build A Dollhouse (Part 1: Assembling It)\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Jess @ Little House. Big Heart. says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:27 pm\n\nKudos for you for being brave enough! There’s no way I’d ever be up to cutting\nKev’s hair... I’d probably end up taking off an ear or something!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:39 pm\n\nHaha, believe it or not, I’ve never cut John (or anyone else I’ve cut hair\nfor) but I usually cut myself. Just a little snip, like a paper cut. Haha.\nSeems to be part of the routine by now. Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 2. Lesley@ChaoticallyCreative says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:27 pm\n\nSpeaking of haircuts. My hubby would never let me attempt one on him again. We\njust won’t go there. But I would love to see a DIY on how to cut a 2 year old\nchild’s hair while sleeping. Better yet while doing anything. Jude has had 3\nhair cuts maybe 4 in his life. Some easy, some not so easy. But now at 2 he\nwill sit and wait until it’s his turn and then that’s it he goes into full\nfledge possessed demon mode. The last person I went to sat on the floor with\nJude and I. She got one snip and then said I’m to scared I’m gonna cut him. So\nbasically he can literally see out of one eye and his hair is beyond bad now.\n(my boys have tons of hair and it grows fast) Any tips or suggestions would be\ngreatly appreciated! Lesley\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:40 pm\n\nOh no, that’s rough! Is there an activity that he loves doing in his\nhighchair? I would get him in there, all strapped in with the tray on, and\ngive him whatever he loves (bubbles, play dough, you can even bring it outside\nand do it there). Then hopefully he’ll be so into what you’re giving him that\nhe’ll let you do your thing. That’s my only idea!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Tonya says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:20 pm\n\nMy son is the same way – we do popsicles! My hairstylist friend has until the\nend of the popsicle to complete the haircut!\n\n * Kate says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:29 pm\n\nWhen my baby brother was that age (I was a teenager), we always cut his hair\nwhile sleeping. We would usually get one side, and then put him down on the\nother cheek the next night to get the other side. Haha.\n\nOf course, that was when you still used drop side cribs, so it was much easier\nto reach.\n\n * Hayley says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:37 pm\n\nLesley, if you ever figure it out, let me know! My 18m old has had 2 haircuts,\none by me, and one by my husband. Both were terrible! The very first one, we\nwere at my parents’ house and we fed him chocolate (my parents keep those\nhershey’s mineratures around all the time) and that did NOT work. When I tried\nit, I basically chased him around his sister’s room and got a snip in here and\nthere. He sees the scissors and freaks. Then hubby said I cut the ears too\nshort. And his hair is curly to boot. Not ringlets curly, but definitely does\nnot lay down. :) Fun with boys, right!\n\nby the by, my 3 year old daughter has yet to get a haircut, though that is\nimpending, I’m sure. It is a nightmare to brush her hair.\n\n * Jenni says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:45 pm\n\nMy best friend’s mom, when I was a kid, used to run her fingers through her 2\nyear old’s hair asking him if she could cut it, and he would always say no.\nWhat he did not know is she was snipping those locks she was asking about as\nshe touched his hair – it took about a week to cut his hair but he never\nnoticed, and never had the meltdown a formal sit-down haircut would have\ncaused.\n\n * alex says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 4:31 pm\n\nI know its not the best idea, but maybe before the hair cut commences, let him\npick out a toy, special candy, new book so he knows its there and he\nphysically sees it and explain that when he sits like a big boy through a hair\ncut he can have it..and if he doesn’t, he doesn’t get it but he still knows\nyou have it...and he can either be rewarded or not. Toddlers like a\nchoice...and its funny because they can either choose the fun happy path. Or\nthe disappointing, no reward for bad behavior path.\n\n * K (Barking Babymama) says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 5:07 pm\n\nWe always put on a movie for my 2-year-old (almost 3 now!) boy and strap him\ninto a booster seat – and then I always have a 2nd person there to hold his\nhead still in case he gets wiggly. I’ve also heard lollipops help? But I’m not\nsure why because my son will still move his head around even if he has a\nlollipop.\n\n * Lesley@ChaoticallyCreative says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 5:51 pm\n\nWow, thanks everyone for the tips. And thanks to you Sherri as well. Jude is a\nreally big and strong two year old over 40lbs. He has long grown out of a high\nchair and giving him treats etc. forget it. He couldn’t care less. But the\ngood news is I snuck up during nap time and took some snips at his bangs and\nat the very least he can see now. Beats getting charged for each individual\ntime I keep attempting to go in and get his hair cut. We may have to try again\nsoon when he gets older. Thanks again. Lesley\n\n * Natalie says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:08 pm\n\nWe have a chain called Cool Cuts for Kids here. They have movies and video\ngames for the kids to play while they get their haircut (and cute cars for the\nbabies/toddlers to sit in). It is a little pricey for a kids haircut ($17 I\nthink) but they have coupons regularly. I took all my boys there when they\nwere little. We only had a few incidents of kids crying through haircuts and\nended up holding them in a chair while the stylist quickly did her thing. All\nthree sit nicely for haircuts now.\n\n * Maureen says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:35 pm\n\nMy nephew was horrible with haircuts until a hairdresser suggested not using\nthe word “cut”. Kids associate it with pain. He would sit quietly as long as\nhe was getting his hair “trimmed” not “cut”\n\n 3. Devon @ Green House, Good Life says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:31 pm\n\nI’ve been cutting my husband’s hair since just before we were married (almost\n10 years!). It does not go both ways, however. But I feel so smart not\nspending all that money on haircuts!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\n\nI love hearing from the other hair-cutting ladies out there!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Devon @ Green House, Good Life says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:57 pm\n\nOh, forgot to mention — we always head outside for haircuts so there’s less\nclean-up. (When we lived in a condo with a shared courtyard, he wouldn’t let\nanyone see, so we were relegated to the bathtub, but now we get to enjoy the\nsights and sounds of the backyard.)\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:10 pm\n\nThat’s fun! We have to try that – although it might be dark once the bean’s in\nbed. Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 4. Rebecca says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:32 pm\n\nWhen do we get a tutorial on you cutting your own hair? That’s what I need to\nsee! I always manage to have a little bit too long in the back and have to ask\nmy husband to trim off for me.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:37 pm\n\nThat would be a comedy of errors. It’s me with wet hair from the shower\nbrushing it all out and then begging John to cut it carefully straight across\nthe back. Might have to see if I can catch that on film someday. Nothing fancy\nabout it (no layers or anything). Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 5. Kim says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:32 pm\n\nI’ve never been trained in doing hair or anything, but after my husband and I\ngot married he asked for me to cut his hair. It took a few tries to get use to\nand get it just right, but now I’ve been doing them for 5 years. I can’t even\nimagine how much money we have saved over the years. Within the past few\nmonths my husband has wanted a different try of hair style that I’m still\ntrying to perfect but now I’m thinking about starting to do my own hair. I’ve\ntrimmed my own bangs for years and cut split ends when I’m bored in the\noffice. So how hard can it be. I keep a pretty simple long hair style so maybe\nI won’t be so bad. I’ll let you know how it goes.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\n\nAw, I love that you cut your man’s hair and trim your own bangs! Keep me\nposted how your own self-cut goes! Mine is pretty basic, so I hope yours is\neasy too!\n\nxo, s\n\n 6. Maureen @ This (Kinda) Old House says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:34 pm\n\nGeez, is there nothing that $herdog can’t do? :) His hair looks great! I think\nit’s nice to show all sorts of things on here; I think people really look to\nyou guys on how to simplify things in their lives and save money. I know I do.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:35 pm\n\nAw thanks Maureen! There was definitely a learning curve! It used to take me\nsoooo long to cut his hair (like an hour!) but over time I’ve gotten faster.\nHaha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 7. April says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:34 pm\n\nGood for you guys! I totally cut my hubby’s hair too. A number one all around\nand then a clean up around the ears and neck with the guard off. I’ve only had\nan oops once...the day of my company’s Christmas party (of course). Poor guy\nlooked like he was ready for basic training. For us it’s nice to save the\nmoolah, but also the convenience factor rocks. We’ve got an 18 month old and\nthis way my hubby is never over-due for a trim. Like you guys, we do our cuts\nafter our little one is down for the night. I’ve cut his hair in the back yard\nat midnight in the winter since I’m such a clean freak and well, you gotta do\nwhat you gotta do when you’ve got a little person in your life. We splurged on\na barber’s cape from Amazon since the hubby can’t stand getting hair down his\nneck. :)\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:41 pm\n\nHaha, too funny about the backyard in the winter at midnight! I love that you\nhave a fancy cape like a pro!\n\nxo, s\n\n 8. VickiP says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:35 pm\n\nWell, that is awesome. I have a husband and two sons, and that’s a lot of\nhaircuts I’ve been wanting to tackle myself. I’ve experimented on my three\nyear old, but it takes multiple cookies and episodes of Fraggle Rock to get\nhim to cooperate. Your video was much easier to follow that what I’ve found on\nYouTube, so Thanks a Ton!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nAw, so glad!\n\nxo, s\n\n 9. Morgan says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:36 pm\n\nhttp://livingyoungwildfree.wordpress.com/2012/04/18/what-i-gave-up-to-save-\nmoney-bang-cuts/\n\nI cut my own bangs! The tutorial is above. Just curious...do you cut your own\nhair, too? And how do you do it? Just throw it over the front of your\nshoulders? lol. My hair is getting knotty. Thanks Sherry!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:44 pm\n\nLove the bang cuts! I just brush it all out in the back (all over my shoulders\non my back) and beg John to try snipping a straight line (no layers or\nanything fancy) and sometimes troll youtube for a tutorial that might involve\nlight layers (like pushing it over your shoulders and cutting it in front or\nwhile gathered in pigtails, etc). I only get brave like that when it’s really\nlong and I know I can de-layer it if it’s too crazy by just going shorter and\nmore blunt.\n\nxo, s\n\n 10. heather says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:36 pm\n\nI’ve been trying to let my husband let me cut his hair for years but haha that\nwon’t be happening (he won’t even let me buzz his neck, he must know my\npenchant for clumsiness). That said, I used to cut my friends hair in\nhighschool, and then in college I did a few cuts, some highlights, buzzed the\nguys hair a bunch, cut my own bangs, etc. I wish the boy would let me cut his\nhair. Then again, he only pays like $15 to a barber and goes a while in\nbetween haha.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Kate says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\n\n“Above the neck manscaping lesson” !!! Oh Sherry, you kill me. I love when you\nguys get a bit saucy.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Katie says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:41 pm\n\nMy husband has the same talent! He actually cuts his own hair and that of his\nmale family members, friends and friends’ kids. We’ve been known to go over to\npeople’s houses so he can provide haircuts and they usually provide us dinner\nin exchange, haha. Just like you, it’s a talent he happened to discover—no\nformal training. I wish he would cut my hair too but I think he’s a little\nterrified since he’s only worked with the dudes, but if John can handle the\nstraight-line-across-the-back trim, it shouldn’t be that big of a deal!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nHaha, that’s so funny! I love hearing about a hubby with haircutting skillz!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Alissa says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:03 pm\n\nWhen my hair was short I used to cut it regularly to save all those trips to\nthe hairdresser, but I no longer have a bathroom where I can set up mirrors to\nsee the back of my head. Living the long-and-pony-tailed lifestyle now.\n\nI have a friend who cuts his own hair, too, and without any mirrors to see the\nback! I was super impressed; he does such a great job!\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:07 pm\n\nWow- that’s awesome!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Lisa says\n\nJune 6, 2012 at 10:40 am\n\nKatie: You should definitely talk your husband into cutting your hair. It must\nbe much easier to cut long hair, so if he’s good with short, I’m sure he’ll do\nwell. I recently went from long hair to short, in stages. I made my husband\ncut it, and he was literally shaking, but it looked fine even the first time\n(I was a little scared when I felt his hands and the scissors tremble against\nmy back- but hey, it’s only hair!). Now I might make him watch this video, and\nthen sort me out a nice pixie look (He just started a new job this week, so\nNOT the time for me to go trial-and-error on his hair...\n\n 13. Amanda says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nI don’t know, guys, usually I am right there with you, but I like the before\nbetter. He needed a shape-up, but the before gives him a shaggy Brad Pitt kind\nof look.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:43 pm\n\nHaha, oh yeah, the long hair vs. short hair debate is one for the ages!\nPersonally John likes it short and I think he’s a hottie when it’s freshly\nshorn. But to each his own!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Andrew says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:14 pm\n\nIt’s funny that Amanda says John’s before picture reminds her of a shaggy Brad\nPitt. I actually thought he just resembled Shaggy from Scooby Doo – and that’s\nNOT a bad thing, although the inner dialog in my head is now saying...”Raggy?\nRooby Roo needs Rooby snacks!”.\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 9:28 pm\n\nHahaha, too funny!\n\nxo, s\n\n 14. Melanie@MailboxJourney says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nNice job Sherry! I buzz my boyfriend’s head, but that’s about it.\n\nP.S. John looks super different when he’s photographed from the side – weird!\n\nReply\n\n * Ashleigh says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:10 pm\n\nWAY different. I keep looking at the picture to determine if it was a magazine\nphoto because it just does not look like John. :-)\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:20 pm\n\nHaha- that’s so funny. I wonder if it’s just that you guys are used to seeing\nhim straight on in pics on the ol’ blog? Our relatives and friends see us in\n3D so we must look different than face-on blog pics, haha. So much that side\nones look funny I guess!\n\nxo, s\n\n 15. gia says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:43 pm\n\nI think his hair looks great, but have to be honest, I was getting sweaty\npalms just watching this video! I don’t think I would trust myself cutting\nsomeone else’s hair. I can’t even manage to trim my almost 2 year olds bangs.\nI just take her to my hairdresser for a bang trim every 2 months! haha\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:46 pm\n\nHaha, you’re lucky you have a 2 year old with so much hair! Clara has yet to\nneed anything other than the occasional mullet cut. Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\nNewer Comments »\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHey, we’re John & Sherry. We’ve fixed up 3 homes, had 2 kids, written books,\ndesigned products, and eaten countless tacos. Here you’ll find over 3,000 DIY\nand home projects & posts (and lots of exclamation points!!). More about us...\n\n#### Latest Finds\n\n#### Our Favorite Videos\n\n#### OUR PAINT COLORS & SOURCES\n\n#### Favorite Topics\n\n * Decorating\n * Cleaning & Organizing\n * Saving Money\n * Home Improvement\n * Painting\n * Crafting & Art\n * Furniture Upgrades\n * Kids & Pets\n\n#### We’re Digging\n\nSmall-Scale Subway\n\nFavorite Jeans\n\nCurrent Sheets (Love!)\n\nPatterned Turkish Rug\n\nOur Kitchen Hardware\n\nSilver Rug\n\nOur Kitchen Stools\n\nSoft Striped Rug\n\nSEE MORE OF OUR FAVORITE FINDS > >\n\n#### SHOP OUR PRODUCTS\n\n**This sidebar contains ads and affiliate links**\n\n#### follow us on instagram\n\n© 2017 Young House Love ® · Fun Genesis WordPress Theme (AFF) · Hosted by\nLiquid Web (AFF)\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512145721/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Trim Your Own Hair","passages":["It isn’t cheap or convenient to go to the barbershop every few weeks, so if you’re in need of a quick trim, consider taking matters into your own hands. Michael Gilman, who founded the upscale salon and shop Grooming Lounge in Washington, D.C., says an at-home trim is an option if you’re “feeling adventurous,” but it will require more than just quality clippers (he recommends Wahl’s Professional 8355). Here are Gilman’s tips to at-home hair maintenance.","Buy the right tools: If you’re not a professional, scissors can be a recipe for disaster, Gilman says. Buy clippers with guards of varying lengths, and remember that the first guard should be the largest. It’s okay to be conservative. If you find that you haven’t trimmed quite enough after the first round, continue using a small guard and work your way down slowly.","Do it dry: For best results, wash and dry your hair before you start snipping – and not just towel-dried, but all-the-way dry. It’s tricky to use clippers on wet hair, and it’s also easier for beginners to measure their progress throughout the trim. “You can kind of see results in real-time as you go,” Gilman says.","Divide hair into sections: Break your hair into sections and tackle them one by one. Gilman recommends beginning with the bottom of the head. For a standard length, use the same guard length all over the head. Keep the teeth of guard facing upward, and try to apply equal amounts of pressure during every pass.","Taper with care: Trimming the hair on the back of your head can be tough, especially when it comes to layering by the neckline. “This is tapering, and it’s pretty crucial,” Gilman says. “If you don’t taper enough, you’ll wind up with a bowl cut, but if you go up too high, it’ll start to look like you have two neck lines or something.” Start by stamping out a straight, short line where the hair meets the neck. Work out to the sides to keep it balanced, and trim less aggressively as you move up.","Check the back: Bring a hand-held mirror into the bathroom (or any room with a large mirror) to verify that the trim is even. If it’s splotchy, guard up and go over the uneven areas slowly.","Keep it simple: When it’s time to cut off more than an inch or so, leave it to the professionals. “D-I-Y haircuts are fine for general upkeep, but don’t go crazy,” he says. “It will only end badly.”"]},"parsed_md":"How to Trim Your Own Hair - Men's Journal\n\nMen's Journal\n\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * Open Comments\n\nHealth & Fitness\n\n# How to Trim Your Own Hair\n\nAlex Galmeanu / Getty Images\n\nby Andrea Kasprzak\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n\nIt isn’t cheap or convenient to go to the barbershop every few weeks, so if\nyou’re in need of a quick trim, consider taking matters into your own hands.\nMichael Gilman, who founded the upscale salon and shop Grooming Lounge in\nWashington, D.C., says an at-home trim is an option if you’re “feeling\nadventurous,” but it will require more than just quality clippers (he\nrecommends Wahl’s Professional 8355). Here are Gilman’s tips to at-home hair\nmaintenance.\n\nBuy the right tools: If you’re not a professional, scissors can be a recipe\nfor disaster, Gilman says. Buy clippers with guards of varying lengths, and\nremember that the first guard should be the largest. It’s okay to be\nconservative. If you find that you haven’t trimmed quite enough after the\nfirst round, continue using a small guard and work your way down slowly.\n\nDo it dry: For best results, wash and dry your hair before you start snipping\n– and not just towel-dried, but all-the-way dry. It’s tricky to use clippers\non wet hair, and it’s also easier for beginners to measure their progress\nthroughout the trim. “You can kind of see results in real-time as you go,”\nGilman says.\n\nDivide hair into sections: Break your hair into sections and tackle them one\nby one. Gilman recommends beginning with the bottom of the head. For a\nstandard length, use the same guard length all over the head. Keep the teeth\nof guard facing upward, and try to apply equal amounts of pressure during\nevery pass.\n\nTaper with care: Trimming the hair on the back of your head can be tough,\nespecially when it comes to layering by the neckline. “This is tapering, and\nit’s pretty crucial,” Gilman says. “If you don’t taper enough, you’ll wind up\nwith a bowl cut, but if you go up too high, it’ll start to look like you have\ntwo neck lines or something.” Start by stamping out a straight, short line\nwhere the hair meets the neck. Work out to the sides to keep it balanced, and\ntrim less aggressively as you move up.\n\nCheck the back: Bring a hand-held mirror into the bathroom (or any room with a\nlarge mirror) to verify that the trim is even. If it’s splotchy, guard up and\ngo over the uneven areas slowly.\n\nKeep it simple: When it’s time to cut off more than an inch or so, leave it to\nthe professionals. “D-I-Y haircuts are fine for general upkeep, but don’t go\ncrazy,” he says. “It will only end badly.”\n\nFor access to exclusive gear videos, celebrity interviews, and more, subscribe\non YouTube!\n\n### More News\n\nGet Clean Water Wherever You Go With The LifeStraw Water BottleSpring Camping\nGear For Every AdventureJohn Mulaney Returns to Stand-Up With Revealing Set\nAbout Getting SoberNew Vaccine Could Stop Future CoronavirusesThe Most\nVersatile Barbells for Home WorkoutsStay Cool All Summer Long With Clothing\nFrom Arctic Cool\n\nAll Stories\n\n### More Videos\n\nThe MJ5: Tony Hawk on His Favorite Gear, Why He Always Carries His Board, and\nMore\n\nHere's the Difference Between Bourbon and Whiskey\n\nYoung Guns and a Supercharged Catamaran: U.S. SailGP Team Takes on New York\nCity\n\nMore from Health & Fitness\n\n * John Mulaney Returns to Stand-Up With Revealing Set About Getting Sober\n * New Vaccine Could Stop Future Coronaviruses\n * The Best Lubricants For Women To Enjoy\n * The 7 Best Pre Workout Supplements Of 2021 Tested & Reviewed\n * The Best Stamina-Boosting Supplements For Men\n * Want To Fix Bad Credit? 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And say to yourself, “You know, I’m starting to look a little scraggly. I should probably get in for a haircut today”.","So you get in your car, drive 15 minutes or so to the friendly national franchised hair cutting chain conglomerate. The parking lot is busy – guess what? It’s Saturday, and everyone is running their errands after the week-long work grind. So you wait 5 minutes for someone to leave and then whip in to the parking lot before the ambitious chatch in a SUV tries to cut you off. You squeeze in just ahead of him, but narrowly missed a dented bumper.","You walk in. The place is packed. So you put your name in as “Harry McCutterston” to amuse yourself, but the receptionist has no sense of humor. There’s no wifi, so you settle in and pick up a 2 year old copy of Good Housekeeping and wait in the lobby for an hour, before they gloriously call “Harry McCutterston”. You expect the place to break out in laughter, but crickets and some annoyed looks is all you get.","Sadly, it’s not your favorite hairdresser. She’s busy. She always is. But the new guy is open! You’re sick of waiting, and you don’t want to hurt the new dresser’s feelings, so you decide to roll the dice.","You go to sit down and notice that the chair has a clump of wet hair on it. You hope the hairdresser notices and wipes it off. He doesn’t. You’d rather the hair touch your pants than your hands, so you make the plunge.","Awkward hair and sports small talk ensues and then you meticulously explain every little detail of what you were hoping to get accomplished, on top of your noggin. All the while, you’re secretly worried he is going to screw up. And he does. Not much, but just enough for you to personally be annoyed and for your friends to take notice and say, “Hey, did you cut your hair differently?”. Jerks.","Now the fun part. You’ve not only got to pay them (really, you’re paying the franchise owner, and the hairdresser gets a fraction of the cut) in the upwards of $20-30, but then you also need to tip the hairdresser... what, 20%? Is that enough? I don’t know... awkward. You walk out, realizing that to trim the follicles that grow out of the skin that covers your skull, you just paid enough to feed a starving west African family for 2 months or save the life of a few kittens. Sarah Mclachlan and lonely old dogs start going through your head. You feel guilty and sad.","THEN, in the car ride home, you almost hit a kid chasing after a soccer ball into the street. You fill up the gas tank for the weekly commute – there goes another $50. And by the time you actually pull in to the driveway, your damn hair is already a tad bit longer than when you left the shop! And it never stops growing! And it won’t, for the next 50-80 years.","If any of this story sounds painfully familiar, it is time to learn how to cut your own hair. NOW.","After I started paying for my own haircuts, I woke up one day, while I was still in high school, and said to myself, “You know what? I can do it better than they can!”.","So I went out and bought myself a clipper set. At the time, I think it was $40-50. Here, we are, closing in on two decades later, and some of the best- selling sets on Amazon are going for $30 and $80 (I ended up recently upgrading to a Wahl Self-Cutting Clipper for $42 and absolutely love it). In other words, you can cut your hair, for the next decade+ for the cost of one single paid haircut! You really don’t need to spend any more than this. I’m on my second set of clippers after almost two decades, and neither cost more than this.","Want to learn how to cut your own hair? The process is simple (for guys). Here’s how I do it:","Charge clipper while I wash my hair (I don’t even charge myself extra for that privilege). I lightly dry my hair, leaving it a bit damp, as I’ve found that damp/wet hair cuts more easily than dry.","Put on the blade attachment. It’s the same one every time. It is labeled as #2 – and it cuts my hair to about 1/4 in. in length, but you can go shorter/longer with your preference.","I cut my hair. Since it’s one fixed length, I just go over my entire head a few times until it looks nicely trimmed.","Then, using a safety razor, and a handheld mirror to get a reflection from a wall mirror, I shave the back of my neck and cut a straight hair line. Sounds complicated, but after 1-2 attempts, you’ll be a pro.","As for maintenance, I make sure all of the hair is out of the clipper and every few months I’ll oil the blades with some blade oil.","I know guys who pay a lot more than $25 to get their hair cut by others, but lets assume $25 as a starting point.","If we assume 3% inflation, and post tax dollars which could have been put in a Roth IRA, the lifetime investment opportunity cost of haircuts over the next 70 years at the following rates of return would be (using the AARP investment return calculator):","And the great irony is that your hair won’t be any shorter after those 70 years (though there may be less of it).","Sure, you may have to buy your own clipper set for $20-40 every decade or so, but that will only cost you about 0.5% – 1% of the cost of the haircuts. Your real savings are about 99-99.5% if you learn how to cut your own hair.","The comfort and satisfaction that comes with knowing you have taken one step closer to financial independence and self sustainability.","Learning how to cut your own hair is intensely rewarding. If you’ve been afraid to do so, it’s time to take that leap.","This post was primarily geared towards the male audience and those who prefer shorter hair styles. I’d really love to see how those with longer hair styles have learned to cut their own hair or have others help them do it.","I’ve been cutting my husband’s hair for a couple years now and it’s actually a fun way for us to spend time together and joke around. He actually looks a lot better now because we’ll cut it at home way more often than he used to go get it cut professionally (once every 9 months?).","I’ve been cutting my own hair in an almost identical manner as that which you described for about 10 years. Saves money and time. It fact, it’s getting long. I’m going to go cut it.","I’ve been cutting my family’s hair for about three years now. It started when I had a baby and started cutting his hair. After a few of these cuts I got confident enough to cut my husband’s hair. Around this same time I started growing my own hair out so that I could cut it myself as well. For my husband and son I just do the standard male short cut with scissors. I cut it all the same length (I use three fingers as a guide) except for a little longer at the front. Then I trim around the ears and sideburns. Finally I taper the nape and then clean up with clippers. It looks as good as many cheap haircuts we’ve paid for and no-one has ever noticed that it is a home hair cut. The hardest part was getting the bravery to do it the first time. However, we reasoned that if I made a serious error, we would just have to go to the barber to get it fixed without any real loss. I’ve never messed up that bad. Minor uneven- ness is sometimes found a day or two later and I do a quick touch up straighten it out. My scissors cost $22. I forget the cost of the clippers, but they were probably $30ish. The Tightwad Gazette (book form) has instructions for cutting hair that are essentially identical to what I do. Also, it’s important to cut front to back across the top of the head and vertically around the back and sides or the hair will look chopped.","For my own hair I had to grow it out long in order to cut it. I use a very simple technique to layer it. I still haven’t found the perfect method and I’m still experimenting, but basically you carefully comb all your hair to a point along the center line of your hair and secure it with a hair band. You then cut and texture. There are variations where you pull out to the sides as well so that you don’t get a V shape in the back. Check out you tube for instructional videos on DIY layered cut.","I started laughing when I saw the title because I came to the same realization this year. I am a 26 yr old black woman with mid-length curly hair. I wanted a new look and after waiting for a Groupon deal from one of the local salons, I got impatient and purchased $15 scissors and gave myself a new bob.","It’s been great and I love getting compliments about my hair even more now. I typically have to fix a few mishaps that I notice a day after but it’s all part of the learning experience.","1. $25+ is a lot for a haircut. I pay around $15 or so. Less if I have coupons. 2. In your example, the hair dresser was male. It just stood out to me because I have had exactly one hair cut by a dude in my life. I suppose it depends on where you are. California? In Toronto, male hair dressers are not a thing. At least not in the major chains.","Great idea though. I’m losing my hair quickly so soon it will be very easy to cut my own (a very good and very bad thing).","I don’t cut my own hair but I will starting this month! Mine is easy anyway and I spend $30/month on getting a quick haircut. Thanks for the advice, you’ve saved me tons of money.","I can’t believe I am not the only one cutting my own hair! I have long hair and I’ve been mostly cutting it myself. My mom cuts her own hair too. If your hair is wavy, then it’s super easy. Nobody can even tell if it isn’t perfectly even.","Not to brag, but Im damn good at cutting my own hair. Probably stems from the fact that as the oldest of three boys we’ve been cutting each others hair since Jr High and saved a ton. I’m now in my thirties and after several attempts at going to the “Pros” and getting really upset at having to pay for terrible haircuts (I’ve the straightest hair in the world which is not forgiving to errors) I’ve decided never to go back. Currently my haircuts are fairly elaborate (longer on top, parted on the side and faded on the sides and back).","G.E., for a long time I was doing the buzz cut as well, and theres a couple of things I’d like to comment on that may make things even easier for you. One, you dont have to wash your hair before hand, in your case its so short it doesnt matter. Second I also found that with buzz cuts, if you cut it slightly longer it actually lasts longer before it starts looking scraggly. I start off with a #5 or #6 on top. then fade the sides progressively from #2 to #4, last the very edges on the bottom with #1. Ive found this way one can go up to 6 weeks and still look acceptable. Hope this helps","Great post! I am very proud to say that I cut my own hair while being nearsighted (challenging but doable.) Of course, these was after watching lots of Youtube videos. I read that you cut your damp hair with clippers. I am a bit confuse. I have read and heard from various sources that clippers are only to be use on dry hair in order to prolong the clipper’s age. Of course I could be wrong.","* G.E. Miller\nI oil the blades every time, which results in no rusting (visible, at least). I suppose you could cut dry to extend the life, but it doesn’t cut as easily.","I agree doing it at home is much easier. At first people thought I was crazy to let my then boyfriend give me a haircut, but years later as my husband, he still does a great job. I prefer to just tell him I want a trim this weekend and he does it for me, rather the time, hassle and expense of the salon. He uses the proper tools, he has the pro grade shears, hair clips, rat tail comb for sectioning and he sets me on the stool and capes me, to do my haircuts. I like knowing I don’t have worry about having him cut it too short or giving me a bad haircut. Saves me hundreds a year and I would not anyone else touching my hair, he has me spoiled.","We started giving my boys their haircuts at home after each received absolutely horrible haircuts at a chain from a “professional” barber. He left steps cut into the sides and he went higher on one side that the other on both haircuts and then hid his sloppiness with gel. Once I got them home to wash to itchy hairs off that got down their necks, I could see what bad haircuts they were. I researched online and bought a mid line quality set of Wahl clippers as the reviews said the cheapest sets are noisy and heat up quickly because of lower quality motors as well as not cutting as well and it was worth the price for a better unit that will last a decade or more. I watched YouTube videos with my then fiancée and waited until school was out to give the boys their haircuts. My guy coached me on technique as he used clippers to trim his own beard. I got nervous and had him take over when it came to the scissors over comb part on the top. He nicely blended the longer hair with the shorter hair on the sides without leaving steps. We did the same with my older son and both were happy with the results. My mom fawned over how handsome they looked and said it was about time I took them to get a decent haircut. She was surprised we did them at home and she said they looked neatly groomed and that it will save us a lot of money. Next time my boys said no, they did not want me to cut their hair, that they wanted my guy to do them. I was fired, but I figure that I save several hundred dollars by having him do them, he does mine as well which save me hundreds as well. My best friend was visiting when Inwas getting a trim, watched, complimented my hubby’s handiwork and asked him to cut hers. My mom got a bad haircut at her salon and grumbled that my hubby could have done a better job and it wouldn’t have cot her $60. Mind you you she thought him barbering the boys was great, but cutting mine was a horrible idea as she felt it was controlling. I agreed, I was in control of how my hair was being cut, not the stylist who did what she wanted. She was visiting when hubby was giving the boys their haircuts and mentioned she needed a trim. I joked for her to take a seat, she was next. And she did! She told him scissors only, no clippers. He assured her he would only use scissors and got out the cape he uses when he cuts mine. He asked her how much she wanted off, she was confused with numbers and he held up his hand and asked how many fingers worth. She said the pinkie and ring finger and he said ok. He combed out her hair, sectioned it and trimmed it so it was just grazing her shoulders as she asked. When he finished she asked for a mirror and then checked it out in the bathroom mirror. She smiled said thank you and she loved the price..FREE, with no wonky salon screw up or the expense. My hubby is very good with power and hand tools, so I guess he just gets it. Not everyone is and I admit I have seen some absolutely horrible attempts at home haircuts and the woman was bragging about doing them (she was one of those people who should not be allowed near shears or clippers ) and I have seen too many friends, coworkers and acquaintances that have gotten terrible chop jobs at the salon. I wonder how they got a license, but hey I see terrible drivers and wonder how they got their license as well.","I’m embarrassed for all of you who cut your own hair. It’s very easy to notice who does and who doesn’t. Yes, there are a large number of bad hair stylists out there and you don’t always get what you pay for. However, if you’re hirig someone to do something for you, like paint your house, pick out clothes for you to buy, and yes, cut your hair, you interview them. You check them out before putting yourself in their hands. The best cutters in the world spend years honing their skills, learn to apply the rules of architecture to building a structure out of the organic fabric that grows from your scalp, and are worth every penny.","We paint our own house, I pick out my own clothes, we raise fruits and vegetables, chickens, cut firewood, change our own oil in our cars, do our own yard work, fix plumbing and my husband cuts my hair and my children’s hair. He does an excellent job, I get compliments on my hair and on my children’s haircuts, and I get asked where we had them done. It seems there is such a high turnover of stylists in the hair business and finding one that will listen and do as you ask is rarer than hens teeth. He has fixed bad salon haircuts for friends of mine and my best friend will only let him cut her hair now. It’s just not worth the time, expense or hassle to go to the barbershop or salon when I get better results at home. There are people who take charge of their lives, do things for themselves, and take pride in not having to rely on someone else to do something for them as they are incapable of doing it for themselves. I admire these strong people and respect their work ethic. And then there are so who cannot, they whine and complain about those who can. It is very unbecoming of them, they need to grow up and take responsibility for their own life.","I have been cutting my husbands hair ever since he and I moved to Louisiana... more than 40 years ago. His hair is now balding and gray, but once or twice, when I was on a trip, he paid to have it cut by a pro. When someone begins losing their hair, a bad haircut is more obvious. I also now either cut my own hair, and sometimes , when I am in either Seattle or Virginia, I will pay someone to cut my hair. Also, I use professional scissors etc.- I’m sure that I have saved us thousands of dollars over many years. Also, we all have had bad experiences with pros. When my Mom was with us, I also used to cut her hair. I’m thankful to know that there are many others who are sick of ridiculous prices for a woman’s cut... and many salons do charge 20 for a mans cut, but double or triple to cut a woman’s hair.","My mother always took me to the salon from when I was a very young child and because my mother had no skills doing hair, she had hers cut in a butch style, now called a pixie and she went through phases where we were given boy short haircuts and she also allowed us to grow our hair until she got frustrated trying to brush our hair, then it all was cut off short. I always thought of a visit to the salon with dread. My cousin had long hair and my aunt who also had long hair, would comb and braid it for her. I wanted long hair but was not allowed to until I was 16. Even then salon visits that were not to my mother’s salon still left me dissatisfied. I got the opportunity to grow my hair when I met my husband. He took over doing my hair and it grew out. I have not paid for a haircut since. I know some cringe and others cheer, but having your hair cut at home by a family member or a friend is a significant savings. Some people have a talent for giving good haircuts, others should not be allowed to touch a pair of shears or clippers. Sadly I have met too many “licensed professionals” that fit in the second group. So if you have a family member or friend who gives a good haircut, all the better for you. I think people who criticize home haircuts are just upset because they spent too much money to get a license and make the same as fast food workers.","My mom’s been cutting my hair forever – it looks really nice. She buzzed it when we were young (didn’t like that too much but didn’t care that much either). Only partially buzzed with the rest cut now but its one of the few things she can still do for me, which she likes – like a present, which it is. Now she’s getting old – near 90, so I guess I’ll have to cut my own hair. Just fyi, I moved out when I was about 21 but in the same city. Thanks for writing about it to encourage all of us.","Your mother has saved you thousands over the years giving you free haircuts. It is great that she has been able to do it for you and that she has done such a great job. There are people that just seem to have a natural talent for it and others who should not touch a pair of shears or clippers. I was in Wal- Mart the other day and a woman complimented my hair which was in a dutch braid. I informed her that my husband had done it for me. She was impressed with his work and thought it was great that he could do it for me. I mentioned that I have him trim my hair for me as well. Her hair was longer than mine and she mentioned her mother was a hairdresser and she learned to cut her brother’s hair and her two sister’s as well. She trims her own as neither of her sisters are very good with the shears and she doesn’t trust either of them, and she doesn’t trust going to the salon as they would chop her hair off too short. She went once, got a bad haircut that left her hair poofing out like a Christmas tree and then refused to ever go again. She said she rarely wears her hair down, she usually wears her hair up in a bun for work and when she is doing chores around the house, she can put it in a three strand braid, but that is it. So I would say it is great having a family member that can do your hair for you and save you a lot of money.","I bought this same clipper set. I have too say its the best thing ive bought in along time. Really worth the money. Ive been cutting my own hair now for a year and I’ll never go back to the barber. Saved me a ton of cash. Great article.","Buying a good set of clippers is definitely a great investment. Wahl is a good brand that makes quality clippers that can last for years with proper maintenance. So I would agree that it is worth the money not to buy the cheapest on the shelf. A few months ago, a coworker of mine who has three boys was asking about how we do haircuts at home as she was looking to save money. She stopped by to visit as hubby was giving my boys their monthly haircuts to see how he does them. She watched intently and asked a number of questions as she watched. She felt it was something that she could do and we made a trip to Sally’s with her to get her the tools and supplies she needed. She bought a set of Wahl Designer clippers and peanut clippers combo that were on sale. It was a great price. She bought a good set of shears, combs, a couple capes, a can of clippercide and neck strips. She spent about $150 in total. With three boys ages 7, 9 and 12, at $15 a haircut plus transportation costs, it will be over $600 she will save the first year. Her husband is onboard with the idea, and when she gets comfortable doing haircuts with a little practice on the boys, he said he would let her cut his, so that is hundreds more a year. Hubby coached her on giving her boys their haircuts, helped her some, but overall she did really well. She used larger # clipper attachments to allow wiggle room to be fixed if needed, next time she will go shorter, once she feels comfortable getting the technique down, but with three boys, she will get plenty of practice. I asked her if she was going to have her husband cut her hair for her, but she said that was something she wasn’t ready to try yet. She was sure that her husband would be very reluctant to, and she was definitely not ready to let him do it. Given the current situation of the barbershops and salons being closed, she can still do haircuts for her boys and we ladies can go longer between haircuts.","This site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered financial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific situation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies mentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships."]},"parsed_md":"How to Cut your Own Hair\n\nMenu\n\n# How to Cut your Own Hair (& Save Millions)\n\nLast updated: December 28, 2018 G.E. Miller 21 Comments\n\n## The Haircut Story:\n\nYou wake up. Look in the mirror every 4 weeks or so. And say to yourself, “You\nknow, I’m starting to look a little scraggly. I should probably get in for a\nhaircut today”.\n\nSo you get in your car, drive 15 minutes or so to the friendly national\nfranchised hair cutting chain conglomerate. The parking lot is busy – guess\nwhat? It’s Saturday, and everyone is running their errands after the week-long\nwork grind. So you wait 5 minutes for someone to leave and then whip in to the\nparking lot before the ambitious chatch in a SUV tries to cut you off. You\nsqueeze in just ahead of him, but narrowly missed a dented bumper.\n\nYou walk in. The place is packed. So you put your name in as “Harry\nMcCutterston” to amuse yourself, but the receptionist has no sense of humor.\nThere’s no wifi, so you settle in and pick up a 2 year old copy of Good\nHousekeeping and wait in the lobby for an hour, before they gloriously call\n“Harry McCutterston”. You expect the place to break out in laughter, but\ncrickets and some annoyed looks is all you get.\n\nSadly, it’s not your favorite hairdresser. She’s busy. She always is. But the\nnew guy is open! You’re sick of waiting, and you don’t want to hurt the new\ndresser’s feelings, so you decide to roll the dice.\n\nYou go to sit down and notice that the chair has a clump of wet hair on it.\nYou hope the hairdresser notices and wipes it off. He doesn’t. You’d rather\nthe hair touch your pants than your hands, so you make the plunge.\n\nAwkward hair and sports small talk ensues and then you meticulously explain\nevery little detail of what you were hoping to get accomplished, on top of\nyour noggin. All the while, you’re secretly worried he is going to screw up.\nAnd he does. Not much, but just enough for you to personally be annoyed and\nfor your friends to take notice and say, “Hey, did you cut your hair\ndifferently?”. Jerks.\n\nNow the fun part. You’ve not only got to pay them (really, you’re paying the\nfranchise owner, and the hairdresser gets a fraction of the cut) in the\nupwards of $20-30, but then you also need to tip the hairdresser... what, 20%?\nIs that enough? I don’t know... awkward. You walk out, realizing that to trim\nthe follicles that grow out of the skin that covers your skull, you just paid\nenough to feed a starving west African family for 2 months or save the life of\na few kittens. Sarah Mclachlan and lonely old dogs start going through your\nhead. You feel guilty and sad.\n\nTHEN, in the car ride home, you almost hit a kid chasing after a soccer ball\ninto the street. You fill up the gas tank for the weekly commute – there goes\nanother $50. And by the time you actually pull in to the driveway, your damn\nhair is already a tad bit longer than when you left the shop! And it never\nstops growing! And it won’t, for the next 50-80 years.\n\nIf any of this story sounds painfully familiar, it is time to learn how to cut\nyour own hair. NOW.\n\n## How to Cut your Own Hair\n\nFor about half of my life now, I’ve been cutting my own hair.\n\nAfter I started paying for my own haircuts, I woke up one day, while I was\nstill in high school, and said to myself, “You know what? I can do it better\nthan they can!”.\n\nSo I went out and bought myself a clipper set. At the time, I think it was\n$40-50. Here, we are, closing in on two decades later, and some of the best-\nselling sets on Amazon are going for $30 and $80 (I ended up recently\nupgrading to a Wahl Self-Cutting Clipper for $42 and absolutely love it). In\nother words, you can cut your hair, for the next decade+ for the cost of one\nsingle paid haircut! You really don’t need to spend any more than this. I’m on\nmy second set of clippers after almost two decades, and neither cost more than\nthis.\n\nClippers in hand, about every two weeks, I cut my own hair.\n\nWant to learn how to cut your own hair? The process is simple (for guys).\nHere’s how I do it:\n\n 1. Charge clipper while I wash my hair (I don’t even charge myself extra for that privilege). I lightly dry my hair, leaving it a bit damp, as I’ve found that damp/wet hair cuts more easily than dry.\n 2. Put on the blade attachment. It’s the same one every time. It is labeled as #2 – and it cuts my hair to about 1/4 in. in length, but you can go shorter/longer with your preference.\n 3. I cut my hair. Since it’s one fixed length, I just go over my entire head a few times until it looks nicely trimmed.\n 4. I trim the spot above my ears to clean that up a little.\n 5. Then, using a safety razor, and a handheld mirror to get a reflection from a wall mirror, I shave the back of my neck and cut a straight hair line. Sounds complicated, but after 1-2 attempts, you’ll be a pro.\n 6. As for maintenance, I make sure all of the hair is out of the clipper and every few months I’ll oil the blades with some blade oil.\n\n15 minutes, and I’m done.\n\n## The Cost Savings of Cutting your Own Hair\n\nOf primary benefit to cutting your own hair, is the cost savings.\n\nI know guys who pay a lot more than $25 to get their hair cut by others, but\nlets assume $25 as a starting point.\n\nLet’s assume you get a hair cut every month, and lets also assume $5 per trip\nfor parking/gas.\n\nThe cost of getting haircuts would be about $360 per year. Over a decade, it\nwould be $3,600+.\n\nWhat if, instead, you cut your own hair and then invested the cost savings?\n\nIf we assume 3% inflation, and post tax dollars which could have been put in a\nRoth IRA, the lifetime investment opportunity cost of haircuts over the next\n70 years at the following rates of return would be (using the AARP investment\nreturn calculator):\n\n * 4%: $268,558\n * 6%: $650,731\n * 8%: $1,638,314\n * 10%: $4,422,919\n\nAnd the great irony is that your hair won’t be any shorter after those 70\nyears (though there may be less of it).\n\nSure, you may have to buy your own clipper set for $20-40 every decade or so,\nbut that will only cost you about 0.5% – 1% of the cost of the haircuts. Your\nreal savings are about 99-99.5% if you learn how to cut your own hair.\n\n## Other Benefits of Learning How to Cut your Own Hair\n\nOutside of the obvious cost benefits that come from cutting your own hair,\nthere are other HUGE benefits:\n\n * About one day per year in time saved from driving, parking, waiting, and driving home.\n * You can cut your hair more often and whenever you’d like.\n * You can cut your own hair to whatever length and specification you’d like, without someone messing it up.\n * Less wear and tear on your vehicle, environmental impact of driving, and opportunity to get in to an accident.\n * The comfort and satisfaction that comes with knowing you have taken one step closer to financial independence and self sustainability.\n\nLearning how to cut your own hair is intensely rewarding. If you’ve been\nafraid to do so, it’s time to take that leap.\n\n## How to Cut your Own Hair Discussion:\n\n * Do you cut your own hair? How long have you been doing it? What tips do you have?\n * This post was primarily geared towards the male audience and those who prefer shorter hair styles. I’d really love to see how those with longer hair styles have learned to cut their own hair or have others help them do it.\n\nRelated Posts:\n\nHow I Cut My Cost of Shaving 90% with a Safety Razor\n\n#### Related Posts\n\n## The Power of Portion Control\n\n## Serious About Savings? Get Rid of your Car\n\n## How to Make your Own Non-Toxic Cleaning Products\n\n#### 21 Comments\n\n 1. Emily @ evolvingPF\n\nI’ve been cutting my husband’s hair for a couple years now and it’s actually a\nfun way for us to spend time together and joke around. He actually looks a lot\nbetter now because we’ll cut it at home way more often than he used to go get\nit cut professionally (once every 9 months?).\n\n 2. Pete\n\nI’ve been cutting my own hair in an almost identical manner as that which you\ndescribed for about 10 years. Saves money and time. It fact, it’s getting\nlong. I’m going to go cut it.\n\n 3. Natalie H\n\nI’ve been cutting my family’s hair for about three years now. It started when\nI had a baby and started cutting his hair. After a few of these cuts I got\nconfident enough to cut my husband’s hair. Around this same time I started\ngrowing my own hair out so that I could cut it myself as well. For my husband\nand son I just do the standard male short cut with scissors. I cut it all the\nsame length (I use three fingers as a guide) except for a little longer at the\nfront. Then I trim around the ears and sideburns. Finally I taper the nape and\nthen clean up with clippers. It looks as good as many cheap haircuts we’ve\npaid for and no-one has ever noticed that it is a home hair cut. The hardest\npart was getting the bravery to do it the first time. However, we reasoned\nthat if I made a serious error, we would just have to go to the barber to get\nit fixed without any real loss. I’ve never messed up that bad. Minor uneven-\nness is sometimes found a day or two later and I do a quick touch up\nstraighten it out. My scissors cost $22. I forget the cost of the clippers,\nbut they were probably $30ish. The Tightwad Gazette (book form) has\ninstructions for cutting hair that are essentially identical to what I do.\nAlso, it’s important to cut front to back across the top of the head and\nvertically around the back and sides or the hair will look chopped.\n\nFor my own hair I had to grow it out long in order to cut it. I use a very\nsimple technique to layer it. I still haven’t found the perfect method and I’m\nstill experimenting, but basically you carefully comb all your hair to a point\nalong the center line of your hair and secure it with a hair band. You then\ncut and texture. There are variations where you pull out to the sides as well\nso that you don’t get a V shape in the back. Check out you tube for\ninstructional videos on DIY layered cut.\n\n 4. Pamela\n\nI started laughing when I saw the title because I came to the same realization\nthis year. I am a 26 yr old black woman with mid-length curly hair. I wanted a\nnew look and after waiting for a Groupon deal from one of the local salons, I\ngot impatient and purchased $15 scissors and gave myself a new bob.\n\nIt’s been great and I love getting compliments about my hair even more now. I\ntypically have to fix a few mishaps that I notice a day after but it’s all\npart of the learning experience.\n\n 5. David Silva\n\nOdd things about this article (based on my experience):\n\n1\\. $25+ is a lot for a haircut. I pay around $15 or so. Less if I have\ncoupons. 2. In your example, the hair dresser was male. It just stood out to\nme because I have had exactly one hair cut by a dude in my life. I suppose it\ndepends on where you are. California? In Toronto, male hair dressers are not a\nthing. At least not in the major chains.\n\nGreat idea though. I’m losing my hair quickly so soon it will be very easy to\ncut my own (a very good and very bad thing).\n\n 6. MonicaOnMoney\n\nI don’t cut my own hair but I will starting this month! Mine is easy anyway\nand I spend $30/month on getting a quick haircut. Thanks for the advice,\nyou’ve saved me tons of money.\n\n 7. Elena\n\nI can’t believe I am not the only one cutting my own hair! I have long hair\nand I’ve been mostly cutting it myself. My mom cuts her own hair too. If your\nhair is wavy, then it’s super easy. Nobody can even tell if it isn’t perfectly\neven.\n\n 8. RG\n\nNot to brag, but Im damn good at cutting my own hair. Probably stems from the\nfact that as the oldest of three boys we’ve been cutting each others hair\nsince Jr High and saved a ton. I’m now in my thirties and after several\nattempts at going to the “Pros” and getting really upset at having to pay for\nterrible haircuts (I’ve the straightest hair in the world which is not\nforgiving to errors) I’ve decided never to go back. Currently my haircuts are\nfairly elaborate (longer on top, parted on the side and faded on the sides and\nback).\n\nG.E., for a long time I was doing the buzz cut as well, and theres a couple of\nthings I’d like to comment on that may make things even easier for you. One,\nyou dont have to wash your hair before hand, in your case its so short it\ndoesnt matter. Second I also found that with buzz cuts, if you cut it slightly\nlonger it actually lasts longer before it starts looking scraggly. I start off\nwith a #5 or #6 on top. then fade the sides progressively from #2 to #4, last\nthe very edges on the bottom with #1. Ive found this way one can go up to 6\nweeks and still look acceptable. Hope this helps\n\n 9. Jay\n\nGreat post! I am very proud to say that I cut my own hair while being\nnearsighted (challenging but doable.) Of course, these was after watching lots\nof Youtube videos. I read that you cut your damp hair with clippers. I am a\nbit confuse. I have read and heard from various sources that clippers are only\nto be use on dry hair in order to prolong the clipper’s age. Of course I could\nbe wrong.\n\n * G.E. Miller\n\nI oil the blades every time, which results in no rusting (visible, at least).\nI suppose you could cut dry to extend the life, but it doesn’t cut as easily.\n\n * Jay\n\nGood point. If it works, then it works.\n\n 10. Carolyn\n\nI agree doing it at home is much easier. At first people thought I was crazy\nto let my then boyfriend give me a haircut, but years later as my husband, he\nstill does a great job. I prefer to just tell him I want a trim this weekend\nand he does it for me, rather the time, hassle and expense of the salon. He\nuses the proper tools, he has the pro grade shears, hair clips, rat tail comb\nfor sectioning and he sets me on the stool and capes me, to do my haircuts. I\nlike knowing I don’t have worry about having him cut it too short or giving me\na bad haircut. Saves me hundreds a year and I would not anyone else touching\nmy hair, he has me spoiled.\n\n 11. Kerry\n\nWe started giving my boys their haircuts at home after each received\nabsolutely horrible haircuts at a chain from a “professional” barber. He left\nsteps cut into the sides and he went higher on one side that the other on both\nhaircuts and then hid his sloppiness with gel. Once I got them home to wash to\nitchy hairs off that got down their necks, I could see what bad haircuts they\nwere. I researched online and bought a mid line quality set of Wahl clippers\nas the reviews said the cheapest sets are noisy and heat up quickly because of\nlower quality motors as well as not cutting as well and it was worth the price\nfor a better unit that will last a decade or more. I watched YouTube videos\nwith my then fiancée and waited until school was out to give the boys their\nhaircuts. My guy coached me on technique as he used clippers to trim his own\nbeard. I got nervous and had him take over when it came to the scissors over\ncomb part on the top. He nicely blended the longer hair with the shorter hair\non the sides without leaving steps. We did the same with my older son and both\nwere happy with the results. My mom fawned over how handsome they looked and\nsaid it was about time I took them to get a decent haircut. She was surprised\nwe did them at home and she said they looked neatly groomed and that it will\nsave us a lot of money. Next time my boys said no, they did not want me to cut\ntheir hair, that they wanted my guy to do them. I was fired, but I figure that\nI save several hundred dollars by having him do them, he does mine as well\nwhich save me hundreds as well. My best friend was visiting when Inwas getting\na trim, watched, complimented my hubby’s handiwork and asked him to cut hers.\nMy mom got a bad haircut at her salon and grumbled that my hubby could have\ndone a better job and it wouldn’t have cot her $60. Mind you you she thought\nhim barbering the boys was great, but cutting mine was a horrible idea as she\nfelt it was controlling. I agreed, I was in control of how my hair was being\ncut, not the stylist who did what she wanted. She was visiting when hubby was\ngiving the boys their haircuts and mentioned she needed a trim. I joked for\nher to take a seat, she was next. And she did! She told him scissors only, no\nclippers. He assured her he would only use scissors and got out the cape he\nuses when he cuts mine. He asked her how much she wanted off, she was confused\nwith numbers and he held up his hand and asked how many fingers worth. She\nsaid the pinkie and ring finger and he said ok. He combed out her hair,\nsectioned it and trimmed it so it was just grazing her shoulders as she asked.\nWhen he finished she asked for a mirror and then checked it out in the\nbathroom mirror. She smiled said thank you and she loved the price..FREE, with\nno wonky salon screw up or the expense. My hubby is very good with power and\nhand tools, so I guess he just gets it. Not everyone is and I admit I have\nseen some absolutely horrible attempts at home haircuts and the woman was\nbragging about doing them (she was one of those people who should not be\nallowed near shears or clippers ) and I have seen too many friends, coworkers\nand acquaintances that have gotten terrible chop jobs at the salon. I wonder\nhow they got a license, but hey I see terrible drivers and wonder how they got\ntheir license as well.\n\n 12. Joshua K Blank\n\nI’m embarrassed for all of you who cut your own hair. It’s very easy to notice\nwho does and who doesn’t. Yes, there are a large number of bad hair stylists\nout there and you don’t always get what you pay for. However, if you’re hirig\nsomeone to do something for you, like paint your house, pick out clothes for\nyou to buy, and yes, cut your hair, you interview them. You check them out\nbefore putting yourself in their hands. The best cutters in the world spend\nyears honing their skills, learn to apply the rules of architecture to\nbuilding a structure out of the organic fabric that grows from your scalp, and\nare worth every penny.\n\n 13. Carolyn\n\nWe paint our own house, I pick out my own clothes, we raise fruits and\nvegetables, chickens, cut firewood, change our own oil in our cars, do our own\nyard work, fix plumbing and my husband cuts my hair and my children’s hair. He\ndoes an excellent job, I get compliments on my hair and on my children’s\nhaircuts, and I get asked where we had them done. It seems there is such a\nhigh turnover of stylists in the hair business and finding one that will\nlisten and do as you ask is rarer than hens teeth. He has fixed bad salon\nhaircuts for friends of mine and my best friend will only let him cut her hair\nnow. It’s just not worth the time, expense or hassle to go to the barbershop\nor salon when I get better results at home. There are people who take charge\nof their lives, do things for themselves, and take pride in not having to rely\non someone else to do something for them as they are incapable of doing it for\nthemselves. I admire these strong people and respect their work ethic. And\nthen there are so who cannot, they whine and complain about those who can. It\nis very unbecoming of them, they need to grow up and take responsibility for\ntheir own life.\n\n 14. Cathy A\n\nI have been cutting my husbands hair ever since he and I moved to Louisiana...\nmore than 40 years ago. His hair is now balding and gray, but once or twice,\nwhen I was on a trip, he paid to have it cut by a pro. When someone begins\nlosing their hair, a bad haircut is more obvious. I also now either cut my own\nhair, and sometimes , when I am in either Seattle or Virginia, I will pay\nsomeone to cut my hair. Also, I use professional scissors etc.- I’m sure that\nI have saved us thousands of dollars over many years. Also, we all have had\nbad experiences with pros. When my Mom was with us, I also used to cut her\nhair. I’m thankful to know that there are many others who are sick of\nridiculous prices for a woman’s cut... and many salons do charge 20 for a mans\ncut, but double or triple to cut a woman’s hair.\n\n 15. Kerry\n\nMy mother always took me to the salon from when I was a very young child and\nbecause my mother had no skills doing hair, she had hers cut in a butch style,\nnow called a pixie and she went through phases where we were given boy short\nhaircuts and she also allowed us to grow our hair until she got frustrated\ntrying to brush our hair, then it all was cut off short. I always thought of a\nvisit to the salon with dread. My cousin had long hair and my aunt who also\nhad long hair, would comb and braid it for her. I wanted long hair but was not\nallowed to until I was 16. Even then salon visits that were not to my mother’s\nsalon still left me dissatisfied. I got the opportunity to grow my hair when I\nmet my husband. He took over doing my hair and it grew out. I have not paid\nfor a haircut since. I know some cringe and others cheer, but having your hair\ncut at home by a family member or a friend is a significant savings. Some\npeople have a talent for giving good haircuts, others should not be allowed to\ntouch a pair of shears or clippers. Sadly I have met too many “licensed\nprofessionals” that fit in the second group. So if you have a family member or\nfriend who gives a good haircut, all the better for you. I think people who\ncriticize home haircuts are just upset because they spent too much money to\nget a license and make the same as fast food workers.\n\n 16. Al\n\nMy mom’s been cutting my hair forever – it looks really nice. She buzzed it\nwhen we were young (didn’t like that too much but didn’t care that much\neither). Only partially buzzed with the rest cut now but its one of the few\nthings she can still do for me, which she likes – like a present, which it is.\nNow she’s getting old – near 90, so I guess I’ll have to cut my own hair. Just\nfyi, I moved out when I was about 21 but in the same city. Thanks for writing\nabout it to encourage all of us.\n\n 17. Carolyn\n\nYour mother has saved you thousands over the years giving you free haircuts.\nIt is great that she has been able to do it for you and that she has done such\na great job. There are people that just seem to have a natural talent for it\nand others who should not touch a pair of shears or clippers. I was in Wal-\nMart the other day and a woman complimented my hair which was in a dutch\nbraid. I informed her that my husband had done it for me. She was impressed\nwith his work and thought it was great that he could do it for me. I mentioned\nthat I have him trim my hair for me as well. Her hair was longer than mine and\nshe mentioned her mother was a hairdresser and she learned to cut her\nbrother’s hair and her two sister’s as well. She trims her own as neither of\nher sisters are very good with the shears and she doesn’t trust either of\nthem, and she doesn’t trust going to the salon as they would chop her hair off\ntoo short. She went once, got a bad haircut that left her hair poofing out\nlike a Christmas tree and then refused to ever go again. She said she rarely\nwears her hair down, she usually wears her hair up in a bun for work and when\nshe is doing chores around the house, she can put it in a three strand braid,\nbut that is it. So I would say it is great having a family member that can do\nyour hair for you and save you a lot of money.\n\n 18. Bobby\n\nI bought this same clipper set. I have too say its the best thing ive bought\nin along time. Really worth the money. Ive been cutting my own hair now for a\nyear and I’ll never go back to the barber. Saved me a ton of cash. Great\narticle.\n\n 19. Carolyn\n\nBuying a good set of clippers is definitely a great investment. Wahl is a good\nbrand that makes quality clippers that can last for years with proper\nmaintenance. So I would agree that it is worth the money not to buy the\ncheapest on the shelf. A few months ago, a coworker of mine who has three boys\nwas asking about how we do haircuts at home as she was looking to save money.\nShe stopped by to visit as hubby was giving my boys their monthly haircuts to\nsee how he does them. She watched intently and asked a number of questions as\nshe watched. She felt it was something that she could do and we made a trip to\nSally’s with her to get her the tools and supplies she needed. She bought a\nset of Wahl Designer clippers and peanut clippers combo that were on sale. It\nwas a great price. She bought a good set of shears, combs, a couple capes, a\ncan of clippercide and neck strips. She spent about $150 in total. With three\nboys ages 7, 9 and 12, at $15 a haircut plus transportation costs, it will be\nover $600 she will save the first year. Her husband is onboard with the idea,\nand when she gets comfortable doing haircuts with a little practice on the\nboys, he said he would let her cut his, so that is hundreds more a year. Hubby\ncoached her on giving her boys their haircuts, helped her some, but overall\nshe did really well. She used larger # clipper attachments to allow wiggle\nroom to be fixed if needed, next time she will go shorter, once she feels\ncomfortable getting the technique down, but with three boys, she will get\nplenty of practice. I asked her if she was going to have her husband cut her\nhair for her, but she said that was something she wasn’t ready to try yet. She\nwas sure that her husband would be very reluctant to, and she was definitely\nnot ready to let him do it. Given the current situation of the barbershops and\nsalons being closed, she can still do haircuts for her boys and we ladies can\ngo longer between haircuts.\n\n#### Join 10,000+ Members\n\nGet new articles, by email, for free.\n\nThank you for subscribing!\n\nOops... Please try again.\n\n### Popular Posts\n\n * Money Saving Products I Personally Use\n * How to Pay Taxes with a Credit Card (and Profit)\n * The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World\n * How Much Should you Spend on an Engagement Ring? Nothing.\n * Would you Support your Financially Negligent Parents?\n\n### FOLLOW 20SF ON:\n\n### LIKE & FOLLOW ON FACEBOOK:\n\n### SEARCH THE SITE:\n\n20somethingfinance.com Copyright © 2021.\n\nThis site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered\nfinancial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific\nsituation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies\nmentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.\n\n#### Join 10,000+ readers & get new articles by email, for free.\n\nThank you for subscribing!\n\nOops... Please try again.\n\nWe value privacy. Your email address won't be sold or shared.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101235930/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing","parsed_text":{"title":"Conditioner: What Kind Should You Look For?","passages":["Conditioner is a product you use after shampoo to add moisture to your hair. It helps improve the overall texture, feel, and appearance. How do you know if your conditioner offers the best results for your hair type? Learn how conditioner can benefit your hair, including choosing ingredients that improve your hair health.","While shampoo is more fluid, conditioner is thicker and has more substance. The main goals of conditioner are to lock in your hair’s moisture and protect it from the sun and environmental damage. Conditioner is similar to a moisturizer you apply to your skin to help it stay healthy. If you don’t use conditioner, you leave your hair exposed to more potential damage.","Dry hair. Dry hair tends to break more easily. A thick conditioner that is rich in nourishing ingredients helps to tame your hair and keep it looking healthy. The right conditioner can help reduce frizz and the appearance of split ends.","Neutral hair. If you don’t think your hair is oily or dry, you probably need a standard conditioner. You can moisturize without weighing your hair down or making it look oily. You may find that you can use less conditioning product in each shower or condition your hair less often.","Oily hair. If your hair tends to look oily around your scalp, focus conditioner on the ends of your hair. Avoid the scalp area so you don’t increase oil or clog the hair follicles on your scalp. Because your hair is oily, you don’t need as much conditioner to maintain your hair’s health.","Thickening conditioner. This may also be called a volumizing conditioner. It has ingredients that cling to your individual hair strands and make your hair look thicker and fuller. Protein, collagen, biotin, caffeine, green tea, and saw palmetto are great to look for in a conditioner if you want your hair to have more volume.","Deep conditioner. This conditioner is thicker than the standard. It's designed to treat curly, thick, or color-treated hair that is more prone to be dry or damaged. This isn’t a conditioner you use every day. Instead, incorporate it into your hair routine once a week or a couple of times per month. Use a different conditioner in between to maintain the best results.","Moisturizing conditioner. These conditioners contain more oils as ingredients to keep your hair soft and smooth. If you have oily hair, you want to avoid this conditioner as it may make your scalp worse. Moisturizing conditioner is best for dry, curly, or thick hair that needs more moisture.","Protein conditioner. Keratin is the primary protein used to strengthen your hair and prevent breakage. This conditioner is best for hair that is thin or fine. Because it tends to be a heavier conditioner, you want to use it sparingly. Once or twice a month is enough, and you can use a standard conditioner in between uses to maintain results.","Cream rinse conditioner. This is a thinner conditioner that is closer to the consistency of shampoo. It’s great for detangling your hair if you don’t need extra moisture, volume, or protection. If your hair tends to be very tangly, you want to use a more robust conditioner than cream rinse.","Leave-in conditioner. This conditioner is usually in the form of a cream or a spray. You put the product in your hair after you get out of the shower while it’s still damp. If your hair is frizzy or you have split ends, a leave-in conditioner provides added protection to your hair. You can use it in addition to the conditioner you apply to your hair after shampooing.","Some conditioners are for daily use, while others you incorporate two to three times per week based on your hair’s needs. For example, if you have oily hair, you can use a special conditioner a few times a week. Using one every day may strip too much oil from your hair and do more damage than good.","By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time."]},"parsed_md":"Conditioner: What Kind Should You Look For?\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Shampoo and Conditioner Home\n\n * The Essentials\n * Explore More\n * Features\n * Video\n * Slideshows & Images\n * Quizzes\n\n### Healthy Beauty\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n\n### Healthy Beauty Guide\n\n * Cosmetic Surgery\n * Cosmetics & Makeup\n * Hair Care\n * Healthy Nails\n * Spa Treatments\n * All Topics\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * Fitness & Exercise\n * Hair Loss\n * Healthy Aging\n * Skin Problems & Treatments\n * Psoriasis\n * Women's Health\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Healthy Beauty\n\n * Feature Stories\n\n#### Psoriasis: Simple Skin Care Tips\n\n# How to Choose the Best Conditioner\n\nBy Katy Hebebrand\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nConditioner is a product you use after shampoo to add moisture to your hair.\nIt helps improve the overall texture, feel, and appearance. How do you know if\nyour conditioner offers the best results for your hair type? Learn how\nconditioner can benefit your hair, including choosing ingredients that improve\nyour hair health.\n\n## The Goal of Conditioner\n\nWhile shampoo is more fluid, conditioner is thicker and has more substance.\nThe main goals of conditioner are to lock in your hair’s moisture and protect\nit from the sun and environmental damage. Conditioner is similar to a\nmoisturizer you apply to your skin to help it stay healthy. If you don’t use\nconditioner, you leave your hair exposed to more potential damage.\n\n## Identifying Your Hair Type\n\nKnowing what type of hair you have can help you choose the best conditioner\nfor your needs.\n\nDry hair. Dry hair tends to break more easily. A thick conditioner that is\nrich in nourishing ingredients helps to tame your hair and keep it looking\nhealthy. The right conditioner can help reduce frizz and the appearance of\nsplit ends.\n\nNeutral hair. If you don’t think your hair is oily or dry, you probably need a\nstandard conditioner. You can moisturize without weighing your hair down or\nmaking it look oily. You may find that you can use less conditioning product\nin each shower or condition your hair less often.\n\nOily hair. If your hair tends to look oily around your scalp, focus\nconditioner on the ends of your hair. Avoid the scalp area so you don’t\nincrease oil or clog the hair follicles on your scalp. Because your hair is\noily, you don’t need as much conditioner to maintain your hair’s health.\n\n## Different Types of Conditioner\n\nYou should choose a conditioner based on your hair type. Consider if your hair\nis:\n\n * Oily, normal, or dry\n * Fine or thick\n * Straight, wavy, or curly\n * Color-treated or bleached\n * Any combination of these\n\nThickening conditioner. This may also be called a volumizing conditioner. It\nhas ingredients that cling to your individual hair strands and make your hair\nlook thicker and fuller. Protein, collagen, biotin, caffeine, green tea, and\nsaw palmetto are great to look for in a conditioner if you want your hair to\nhave more volume.\n\n#### Continued\n\nDeep conditioner. This conditioner is thicker than the standard. It's designed\nto treat curly, thick, or color-treated hair that is more prone to be dry or\ndamaged. This isn’t a conditioner you use every day. Instead, incorporate it\ninto your hair routine once a week or a couple of times per month. Use a\ndifferent conditioner in between to maintain the best results.\n\nMoisturizing conditioner. These conditioners contain more oils as ingredients\nto keep your hair soft and smooth. If you have oily hair, you want to avoid\nthis conditioner as it may make your scalp worse. Moisturizing conditioner is\nbest for dry, curly, or thick hair that needs more moisture.\n\nProtein conditioner. Keratin is the primary protein used to strengthen your\nhair and prevent breakage. This conditioner is best for hair that is thin or\nfine. Because it tends to be a heavier conditioner, you want to use it\nsparingly. Once or twice a month is enough, and you can use a standard\nconditioner in between uses to maintain results.\n\nCream rinse conditioner. This is a thinner conditioner that is closer to the\nconsistency of shampoo. It’s great for detangling your hair if you don’t need\nextra moisture, volume, or protection. If your hair tends to be very tangly,\nyou want to use a more robust conditioner than cream rinse.\n\nLeave-in conditioner. This conditioner is usually in the form of a cream or a\nspray. You put the product in your hair after you get out of the shower while\nit’s still damp. If your hair is frizzy or you have split ends, a leave-in\nconditioner provides added protection to your hair. You can use it in addition\nto the conditioner you apply to your hair after shampooing.\n\nSome conditioners are for daily use, while others you incorporate two to three\ntimes per week based on your hair’s needs. For example, if you have oily hair,\nyou can use a special conditioner a few times a week. Using one every day may\nstrip too much oil from your hair and do more damage than good.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## Other Hair Care Tips\n\nIf you want to maximize your hair care, use these tips to keep hair healthy in\nbetween conditioning:\n\n * Find a shampoo that meets your hair’s needs and pairs well with your conditioner.\n * If your hair is dry or color-treated, you may wash it less often but use more conditioner.\n * Commit to trying several conditioners until you find one that works best for your hair.\n * Use a swim cap if you swim in a pool to prevent damage from chlorine and other pool chemicals.\n\nWebMD Feature Reviewed by Dan Brennan, MD on August 30, 2021\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nAmerican Academy of Dermatology Association: “TIPS FOR HEALTHY HAIR.”\n\nCleveland Clinic: “Your Guide to Aging, Thinning Hair: 5 Simple Tips.”\n\nKeeps: “The 7 Different Types of Conditioner You Should Know About.\"\n\nMinnesota School of Cosmetology: “6 Benefits of Conditioner and Conditioner.”\n\n© 2012 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Hair Going Gray? Here’s Why\n * Makeup Dos and Don’ts\n * Safest Ways to Straighten Your Hair\n * Stretch Marks Getting Under Your Skin?\n\n### further reading\n\n * 10 Foods for Healthy Hair\n * Shampoo Types: Clarifying, Voluminzing, Dry Shampoo, and More\n * The 411 on Hair Conditioners\n * Healthy Hair Every Day\n * How Often Should You Wash Your Hair?\n * Flirty at Thirty: Holiday Hair\n * Expert Hair Tips\n * Shampoo and Conditioner Topics\n\n### Today on Radiance\n\n#### Beauty Oils: Benefits of Coconut, Argan, and More\n\nThe benefits of coconut, argan, tea tree and more.\n\n#### Sun Safety: Tips to Help Save Your Skin From Damage\n\nTips to help save your skin from damage.\n\n#### Reduce Wrinkles: 9 Secrets to Smoother Skin\n\n9 secrets of smoother skin.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Age-Defying Makeup Tricks\n\nVideo\n\n#### Foot Care Made Simple\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Are You Making These Beauty Mistakes?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Banish the Bags Under Your Eyes\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Best Styles for Your Hair Type\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Foods for Beautiful Skin\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Think You Know How to Care for Your Hair?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Secrets for Stunning Eyes\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Do You Need a Special Eye Cream?\n * The Benefits of Botox\n * Guide to a Perfect Pedi\n * How Safe is Hair Dye?\n * When Fashion Hurts\n * Beauty Time-Savers\n\n## Get Skin Care Tips In Your Inbox\n\n### Skin care and wellness tips to help you look and feel your best. Sign up\nfor the Good Health newsletter.\n\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Benefits of CBD\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Health Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * 5 Health Benefits of Hemp\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416172429/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"With our archives now 3,500+ articles deep, we’ve decided to republish a classic piece each Friday to help our newer readers discover some of the best, evergreen gems from the past. This article was originally published in June 2018.\",\n \"Cutting your own hair may seem like a recipe for disaster, but with the right style it’s easy to save a few bucks doing the job at home. The buzz cut is one of the most timeless haircuts a man can get, and it’s also the easiest to do yourself. With a few simple tools and a bit of practice, you can give yourself professional-quality buzz cuts without having to wade through year-old magazines at your local barber’s shop. Here’s how to do it.\",\n \"A good pair of hair clippers will make the job a lot faster and easier. Don’t try to use your beard clippers to give yourself a buzz cut; you can save that for detail work once you’re done. You can find a decent pair of clippers online or at your local drugstore for less than $50. Most hair clippers should come with several guard sizes. If you’re trying to decide between kits, choose one that has #2 and #3 guards, as these are the most common for buzz cuts. Once you’ve got your own set of clippers, make sure to clean and maintain them after each use.\",\n \"A basic hand mirror, used along with your bathroom mirror, will help you see the back of your neck for trimming work. If you don’t already have one, you can usually pick one up for a few bucks at most drugstores. Finally, while a broom and dustpan will do the job of cleanup, buzz cuts get tiny hairs on just about every surface of your bathroom. A vacuum with a hose attachment will make cleanup much faster and easier.\",\n \"Before you plug in your clippers and go to town, do yourself a favor and check your head for the types of strange lumps and bumps that could make a buzz cut a poor decision for your head shape. Keep in mind, no one’s head is perfectly round or smooth. But, scars, skin tags, and bumps will all be visible with a super short buzz cut. To check your head, simply run your fingers carefully over your scalp, feeling for any abnormalities that you might not want to expose with a buzz cut.\",\n \"Clippers work best on clean, dry hair. If you don’t use shampoo every time, do it this time. Oily or greasy hair is more difficult for the blades of a clipper to slice through, leaving you with an uneven buzz cut. You’ll also end up going over the same areas multiple times trying to cut the same slippery follicles. Once your hair is clean, let it fully dry before you start cutting.\",\n \"With your tools assembled, plug in your clippers and choose your guard size. It’s always best to start with something that errs on the side of being too long. Most barbers perform buzz cuts based on the golden 3-2-1 rule. That means a #3 guard on the top, a #2 guard on the sides, and a #1 guard to trim up the edges. A #3 guard is common to start with because it’s about as short as you can go before you start seeing your scalp. Going shorter than this will give your hair a 5 o’clock shadow look rather than a buzz cut.\",\n \"Once you’ve chosen your guard size, start on the top of your head, working the clippers through your hair from front to back. The clippers should glide along your scalp as you move back. After you’ve gone front to back on the top, go at the top from side to side to clip any stray hairs. With the top done, you can start in on the sides. Move from bottom to top, cutting against the direction that the hair grows in. (You aren’t done with the sides yet though — keep reading.)\",\n \"When you’re ready to do the back, stand with your back to the bathroom mirror and hold up your hand mirror in front of you. Adjust the hand mirror so that you can see the back of your head reflected in the bathroom mirror. Hold this position while you run the clippers from the back of your neck up toward the top of your head.\",\n \"Once you’ve done your entire head, move down one guard size (to the #2 guard) and trim down the sides, again moving from bottom to top. Why make the sides a little shorter? The hair on the side of your head tends to appear fuller than on the top of your head. Making it a bit shorter makes the buzz cut appear more uniform overall.\",\n \"There are two main areas to trim once you’re done with your buzz cut: the sideburns and the back of your neck. To start, pop a #1 guard onto your hair clippers.\",\n \"To do your sideburns, place the base of the clippers flush with the side of your face, just below your sideburns. Slowly slide the clippers up until the top edge is at the height you want your sideburns. Then, slowly pull the clippers straight through the hair and away from your face.\",\n \"Trimming the back of your neck is the most challenging part of a buzz cut. If you aren’t comfortable using the hand mirror to do this precision task, you can ask a friend for help or simply leave the hairline natural in back. If you’ve got an impressively hairy neck or unusually asymmetric hairline, then use your hand mirror to carefully trim a straight line across the back of your neck. Once the straight line is established, round the corners on each side to finish the job.\",\n \"The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.\",\n \"We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut | The Art of Manliness\\n\\nMenu podcast\\n\\n * Accessories\\n * Shaving\\n * Style\\n\\nHow to Tie a TieHow to Clean a Baseball CapHere’s What Happened When I Wore a\\nTie to Work Every Day for a YearHow to Make a Leather Belt\\n\\nHow To Shave Like Your Grandpa Using a Safety RazorHow to Trim Your Mustache:\\nAn Illustrated GuideHow to Grow a Handlebar MustacheHow to Treat a Shaving Cut\\n\\nChukka Boots: The FAQThe Best Damn Guide to Men’s T-Shirts on the Internet10\\nThings Your Father Should Have Taught You About StyleIf/How to Wear a Suit\\nWithout a Tie\\n\\nBrowse all Style & Grooming\\n\\n * College\\n * Entrepreneurship\\n * Networking\\n * Personal Finance\\n * So You Want My Job\\n\\nPodcast #449: Faster and Cheaper Alternatives to CollegeSaving for Your Kids’\\nCollege Education: A Primer on the 529Podcast #385: Learning How to LearnHow\\nto Write the Perfect College Application Essay\\n\\nHow to Pursue a New Career (While Still Getting the Bills Paid)So You (Or Your\\nWife) Wants to Join a Multi-Level Marketing CompanyPodcast #175: How to\\nImprove Your Work and Life With Systems10 Tips for Successfully Working from\\nHome\\n\\nPodcast #403: A Better Way to Network#393: The Importance of Building Your\\nSocial CapitalMaking Introductions: The FAQsHow to Contact a Busy Person\\n\\n11 Personal Finance Goals for Your 20sPodcast #659: Do You Want to Be Rich or\\nWealthy? (And Why the Difference Matters)8 Personal Finance Lessons from\\nBenjamin FranklinPodcast #605: The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now\\n\\nSo You Want My Job: Stay-at-Home DadSo You Want My Trade: Concrete MasonSo You\\nWant My Trade: Elevator MechanicSo You Want My Trade: Automotive\\nMechanic/Technician\\n\\nBrowse all Money & Career\\n\\n * Fitness\\n * Nutrition\\n * Sports\\n * Wellness\\n\\nPodcast #415: Forging Mental Strength Through Physical StrengthThe Steve\\nMcQueen WorkoutThe Gas Station Ready WorkoutThe Case for Not Listening to\\nMusic When You Work Out\\n\\nPodcast #475: How to Lose Weight, and Keep It Off ForeverPodcast #608: How\\nCaffeine Hooks, Hurts, and Helps UsReady, Set, Fast: How Strategic Meal-\\nSkipping Can Help You Lose Fat, Gain Muscle, and Get HealthierHow to Make Pine\\nNeedle Tea\\n\\nThe 10 Physical Skills Every Man Should MasterRelax These 2 Body Parts to Run\\nFarther and FasterBoys, Ferocity, Frontiers, and SportsHow to Tape an Ankle\\n\\nHow to Sauna: All the FAQsHow Saunas Can Help Save Your Body, Mind, and\\nSpiritPodcast #678: Physical Benchmarks Every Man Should Meet, At Every AgeHow\\nto Tame the Dad Sneeze\\n\\nBrowse all Health & Sports\\n\\n * Dating\\n * Etiquette\\n * Fatherhood\\n * Friendship\\n * Social Skills\\n\\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\\nAccount7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\\nGalHow to Write a Love LetterPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through\\nHuman Hacking\\n\\nThe Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy NoteThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions\\nNever to AskA Man Is Punctual: The Importance of Being on TimeHow to Acquire\\nGood Manners\\n\\nThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human\\nHacking30+ Tricks, Games, and Stunts to Entertain Your Kids on Long, Dark\\nWinter NightsPodcast #665: How Childhood Shapes Adulthood\\n\\nPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human HackingPodcast #670: The\\nHidden Tragedy of Male LonelinessThe 3 Reasons Friendships EndThe Best Way to\\nMake and Keep Friendships in Adulthood\\n\\nThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions Never to AskPodcast #680: Influence and\\nPersuade Through Human HackingSunday Firesides: Don’t Confuse Niceness With\\nKindnessPodcast #462: How to Tell Better Stories\\n\\nBrowse all Relationships & Family\\n\\nin: Featured, Hair, Style & Grooming\\n\\nPatrick Hutchison • April 3, 2020 • Last updated: September 8, 2020\\n\\n# How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut\\n\\nWith our archives now 3,500+ articles deep, we’ve decided to republish a\\nclassic piece each Friday to help our newer readers discover some of the best,\\nevergreen gems from the past. This article was originally published in June\\n2018.\\n\\nCutting your own hair may seem like a recipe for disaster, but with the right\\nstyle it’s easy to save a few bucks doing the job at home. The buzz cut is one\\nof the most timeless haircuts a man can get, and it’s also the easiest to do\\nyourself. With a few simple tools and a bit of practice, you can give yourself\\nprofessional-quality buzz cuts without having to wade through year-old\\nmagazines at your local barber’s shop. Here’s how to do it.\\n\\n### 1\\\\. Get the Right Tools\\n\\nBefore you begin your buzz, you’ll want the right tools. Here’s what you’ll\\nneed:\\n\\n * Hair clippers\\n * Hand mirror\\n * Vacuum\\n\\nA good pair of hair clippers will make the job a lot faster and easier. Don’t\\ntry to use your beard clippers to give yourself a buzz cut; you can save that\\nfor detail work once you’re done. You can find a decent pair of clippers\\nonline or at your local drugstore for less than $50. Most hair clippers should\\ncome with several guard sizes. If you’re trying to decide between kits, choose\\none that has #2 and #3 guards, as these are the most common for buzz cuts.\\nOnce you’ve got your own set of clippers, make sure to clean and maintain them\\nafter each use.\\n\\nA basic hand mirror, used along with your bathroom mirror, will help you see\\nthe back of your neck for trimming work. If you don’t already have one, you\\ncan usually pick one up for a few bucks at most drugstores. Finally, while a\\nbroom and dustpan will do the job of cleanup, buzz cuts get tiny hairs on just\\nabout every surface of your bathroom. A vacuum with a hose attachment will\\nmake cleanup much faster and easier.\\n\\n### 2\\\\. Check Your Scalp\\n\\nBefore you plug in your clippers and go to town, do yourself a favor and check\\nyour head for the types of strange lumps and bumps that could make a buzz cut\\na poor decision for your head shape. Keep in mind, no one’s head is perfectly\\nround or smooth. But, scars, skin tags, and bumps will all be visible with a\\nsuper short buzz cut. To check your head, simply run your fingers carefully\\nover your scalp, feeling for any abnormalities that you might not want to\\nexpose with a buzz cut.\\n\\n### 3\\\\. Clean Up\\n\\nClippers work best on clean, dry hair. If you don’t use shampoo every time, do\\nit this time. Oily or greasy hair is more difficult for the blades of a\\nclipper to slice through, leaving you with an uneven buzz cut. You’ll also end\\nup going over the same areas multiple times trying to cut the same slippery\\nfollicles. Once your hair is clean, let it fully dry before you start cutting.\\n\\n### 4\\\\. Start Long on Top\\n\\nWith your tools assembled, plug in your clippers and choose your guard size.\\nIt’s always best to start with something that errs on the side of being too\\nlong. Most barbers perform buzz cuts based on the golden 3-2-1 rule. That\\nmeans a #3 guard on the top, a #2 guard on the sides, and a #1 guard to trim\\nup the edges. A #3 guard is common to start with because it’s about as short\\nas you can go before you start seeing your scalp. Going shorter than this will\\ngive your hair a 5 o’clock shadow look rather than a buzz cut.\\n\\nOnce you’ve chosen your guard size, start on the top of your head, working the\\nclippers through your hair from front to back. The clippers should glide along\\nyour scalp as you move back. After you’ve gone front to back on the top, go at\\nthe top from side to side to clip any stray hairs. With the top done, you can\\nstart in on the sides. Move from bottom to top, cutting against the direction\\nthat the hair grows in. (You aren’t done with the sides yet though — keep\\nreading.)\\n\\n### 5\\\\. Man the Mirror for the Back\\n\\nWhen you’re ready to do the back, stand with your back to the bathroom mirror\\nand hold up your hand mirror in front of you. Adjust the hand mirror so that\\nyou can see the back of your head reflected in the bathroom mirror. Hold this\\nposition while you run the clippers from the back of your neck up toward the\\ntop of your head.\\n\\n### 6\\\\. Size Down on the Sides\\n\\nOnce you’ve done your entire head, move down one guard size (to the #2 guard)\\nand trim down the sides, again moving from bottom to top. Why make the sides a\\nlittle shorter? The hair on the side of your head tends to appear fuller than\\non the top of your head. Making it a bit shorter makes the buzz cut appear\\nmore uniform overall.\\n\\n### 7\\\\. End With a Trim\\n\\nThere are two main areas to trim once you’re done with your buzz cut: the\\nsideburns and the back of your neck. To start, pop a #1 guard onto your hair\\nclippers.\\n\\nTo do your sideburns, place the base of the clippers flush with the side of\\nyour face, just below your sideburns. Slowly slide the clippers up until the\\ntop edge is at the height you want your sideburns. Then, slowly pull the\\nclippers straight through the hair and away from your face.\\n\\nTrimming the back of your neck is the most challenging part of a buzz cut. If\\nyou aren’t comfortable using the hand mirror to do this precision task, you\\ncan ask a friend for help or simply leave the hairline natural in back. If\\nyou’ve got an impressively hairy neck or unusually asymmetric hairline, then\\nuse your hand mirror to carefully trim a straight line across the back of your\\nneck. Once the straight line is established, round the corners on each side to\\nfinish the job.\\n\\nIllustrations by Ted Slampyak\\n\\n### Related Articles\\n\\nPrevious Next\\n\\nNever miss an update\\n\\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\\n\\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\\n\\nJoin the Strenuous Life\\n\\nLearn More\\n\\nNever miss an update\\n\\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\\n\\nPodcast #700\\n\\n###### The Life and Afterlife of Harry Houdini\\n\\nPodcast #699\\n\\n###### The No-Nonsense Guide to Simplifying Every Aspect of Your Life\\n\\nPodcast #698\\n\\n###### The Secrets of Public Speaking From History’s Greatest Orators\\n\\nPodcast #697\\n\\n###### Social Psychology Won’t Save Us\\n\\nView all\\n\\nRelated\\n\\nArticles///\\n\\n### 20 Aphorisms That I Thought Were Dumb as a Boy But Now Appreciate as a\\nGrown Man\\n\\n### How to Choose Shoes That Fit Perfectly\\n\\n### Chukka Boots: The FAQ\\n\\n### The Simplifying Step Missing From Your Laundry Routine\\n\\nView all\\n\\nTake action today\\n\\nJoin The Strenuous Life\\n\\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\\n\\n * Contact\\n * Legal\\n * About\\n * All Topics\\n * Archives\\n\\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\\nAoM.\\n\\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\\nit.OkPrivacy policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200508165534/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Give Yourself a Haircut\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"“Pull your hair [on the sides] out with the comb and take your little scissors and nip at it,” she says. “You don’t want to cut a straight line, a blunt cut. You want to cut into it (again, scissors perpendicular to the comb).” This takes away length and weight without risking too much damage. “Cut a lot,” Atkin says. “As long as the comb is pulled out away so you’re not cutting right at the scalp. That comb is your stopper.”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Give Yourself a Haircut\\n\\nMen's Journal\\n\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * Open Comments\\n\\nHealth & Fitness\\n\\n# How to Give Yourself a Haircut\\n\\n6\\n\\nPhotograph by Jeremy Berger 4 / 6\\n\\nby Jeremy Berger\\n\\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\\n\\n## Cut into the comb.\\n\\n“Pull your hair [on the sides] out with the comb and take your little scissors\\nand nip at it,” she says. “You don’t want to cut a straight line, a blunt cut.\\nYou want to cut into it (again, scissors perpendicular to the comb).” This\\ntakes away length and weight without risking too much damage. “Cut a lot,”\\nAtkin says. “As long as the comb is pulled out away so you’re not cutting\\nright at the scalp. That comb is your stopper.”\\n\\nFor access to exclusive gear videos, celebrity interviews, and more, subscribe\\non YouTube!\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\nIn order to view the gallery, please allow Manage Cookies\\n\\n### More News\\n\\nThese Cotton Face Masks Offer Top Of The Line ComfortGet Free Hemp Hand\\nSanitizer With These CBD Immunity ProductsAqua Fight Club: The Underwater\\nTorpedo Workout Making a SplashThese Resistance Bands Will Boost Your\\nQuarantine Workout RoutineThis Raspberry Ketones Supplement Burns Fat, Not\\nMuscle, GuaranteedPick Up This No Contact Thermometer From Amazon Today\\n\\nAll Stories\\n\\n### More Videos\\n\\nThe MJ5: Tony Hawk on His Favorite Gear, Why He Always Carries His Board, and\\nMore\\n\\nHere's the Difference Between Bourbon and Whiskey\\n\\nYoung Guns and a Supercharged Catamaran: U.S. SailGP Team Takes on New York\\nCity\\n\\nMore from Health & Fitness\\n\\n * These Cotton Face Masks Offer Top Of The Line Comfort\\n * Get Free Hemp Hand Sanitizer With These CBD Immunity Products\\n * Aqua Fight Club: The Underwater Torpedo Workout Making a Splash\\n * These Resistance Bands Will Boost Your Quarantine Workout Routine\\n * This Raspberry Ketones Supplement Burns Fat, Not Muscle, Guaranteed\\n * Pick Up This No Contact Thermometer From Amazon Today\\n * Need Some New Hand Sanitizer? Amazon Has You Covered\\n * Go For A Ride With This Indoor Bike From Bowflex\\n * Amazon Has A 20 Pack Of Disposable Face Masks In Stock Now\\n\\n## Want more?\\n\\nSign up for our newsletter to get the latest adventures, workouts,\\ndestinations, and more.\\n\\nYou have successfully signed up.\\n\\nMen’s Journal has affiliate partnerships so we may receive compensation for\\nsome links to products and services.\\n\\nManage Cookies\\n\\nAmerican Media Active Lifestyle Group\\n\\n© American Media, Inc. 2020\\n\\nPowered by WordPress.com VIP\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.financeafter50.com/cut-hair-men/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210126123438/https://www.financeafter50.com/cut-hair-men/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big -\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The short answer is “Get your wife to do it”. Actually that reminded me of an old parable that my friend shared with me many years ago. It went something like this. “When there are 2 barbers in a shop, which one do you choose?”. ANSWER: “The one with the worse hair cut”. Ba-bump-bump.\",\n \"Seriously though, I was a bit scissor shy at the thought of my wife going at my head with sharp implements and clippers. I got less shy when we became a one income family.\",\n \"I was never a high end haircut guy, so the $50 to $100 trips were never the norm. Over the years, I’d find the low cost provider that I liked. It was usually an older guy, and the cost was usually $10 to $15 plus a few dollar tip. I would go about once per month, or on average about 10 times per year. I like the idea of keeping that $150 to $200 in my own pocket.\",\n \"About 2 years ago, we picked up a set of Remington hair clippers that I reviewed for the Amazon vine program, we got the clippers for free, in exchange for my review, which was a bonus. When I review products I tend to compare many different models, but this was the only model I looked at. It looks like the model that we picked up is no longer available, and one of the things that I like about that model, was that the blade covers were color coded. Regardless, any of these types of clippers should to an ample job. When you buy one that comes in a kit, it usually also has a pair of scissors and a comb too, so you can’t just use those instead of your every day tools.\",\n \"It’s actually fun and I look forward to when my wife cuts my hair, even though she still gets a bit anxious about it. I usually get it done, before jumping in the shower in the morning, so I can easily rinse off any extra hair pieces.\",\n \"The keys to getting a good cut are: 1. Don’t rush 2. Give guidance 3. Make sure you clear ears and back of the neck.\",\n \"All of these are important for a good cut, and I don’t get freaked out about anything. Providing calm guidance to a new barber in training is important. The areas that I mention in step 3, are usually wild areas, that are overgrown and indicate that a haircut is needed in the first place. If you can focus on light thinning and cleaning up the areas around the ears and sideburns, you should come out with a great cut. Each time my wife does it she gets better, and we put $20 in our pocket. Have you ever tried giving your partner a haircut or would let them try on you?\",\n \"My wife has been cutting my hair for years now (at least 5 years at this point) and it’s been great. I don’t have to deal with telling the barber what kind of haircut I want, and really, it’s not even the cost savings that I care about all that much – it’s all of the time I save! Instead of spending an hour or more to get my haircut, I can just get it cut anytime I want in 10 or 15 minutes.\",\n \"Love that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it give me and the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and it’s she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!\",\n \"Love that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it gives me and the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big -\\n\\nFinance, Frugal tips, Saving, Spending\\n\\n# Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big\\n\\nNovember 18, 2017 3 Comments\\n\\n# Frugal Money saving tip #6\\n\\nThe short answer is “Get your wife to do it”. Actually that reminded me of an\\nold parable that my friend shared with me many years ago. It went something\\nlike this. “When there are 2 barbers in a shop, which one do you choose?”.\\nANSWER: “The one with the worse hair cut”. Ba-bump-bump.\\n\\nSeriously though, I was a bit scissor shy at the thought of my wife going at\\nmy head with sharp implements and clippers. I got less shy when we became a\\none income family.\\n\\nEven before that, I’d often wonder to myself: “How do you cut your own hair?”\\n\\nI was never a high end haircut guy, so the $50 to $100 trips were never the\\nnorm. Over the years, I’d find the low cost provider that I liked. It was\\nusually an older guy, and the cost was usually $10 to $15 plus a few dollar\\ntip. I would go about once per month, or on average about 10 times per year. I\\nlike the idea of keeping that $150 to $200 in my own pocket.\\n\\n## Tools for a haircut at home\\n\\nAbout 2 years ago, we picked up a set of Remington hair clippers that I\\nreviewed for the Amazon vine program, we got the clippers for free, in\\nexchange for my review, which was a bonus. When I review products I tend to\\ncompare many different models, but this was the only model I looked at. It\\nlooks like the model that we picked up is no longer available, and one of the\\nthings that I like about that model, was that the blade covers were color\\ncoded. Regardless, any of these types of clippers should to an ample job. When\\nyou buy one that comes in a kit, it usually also has a pair of scissors and a\\ncomb too, so you can’t just use those instead of your every day tools.\\n\\nIt’s actually fun and I look forward to when my wife cuts my hair, even though\\nshe still gets a bit anxious about it. I usually get it done, before jumping\\nin the shower in the morning, so I can easily rinse off any extra hair pieces.\\n\\n### The keys to getting a good haircut at home\\n\\nThe keys to getting a good cut are: 1. Don’t rush 2. Give guidance 3. Make\\nsure you clear ears and back of the neck.\\n\\nAll of these are important for a good cut, and I don’t get freaked out about\\nanything. Providing calm guidance to a new barber in training is important.\\nThe areas that I mention in step 3, are usually wild areas, that are overgrown\\nand indicate that a haircut is needed in the first place. If you can focus on\\nlight thinning and cleaning up the areas around the ears and sideburns, you\\nshould come out with a great cut. Each time my wife does it she gets better,\\nand we put $20 in our pocket. Have you ever tried giving your partner a\\nhaircut or would let them try on you?\\n\\nBarberFrugalFrugal savingHairHaircutSaving\\n\\nPrevious Post Next Post\\n\\n#### Jim P\\n\\nIn this area you can display your biographic info. Just visit Users > Your\\nProfile > Biographic info\\n\\n#### You may also like\\n\\nOctober 20, 2016\\n\\n## Minimize your costs on home improvement projects\\n\\nNovember 15, 2016\\n\\n## Good opportunities to shift to buy and hold\\n\\nJuly 30, 2017\\n\\n## Why Money and manners should matter to millennials\\n\\n### 3 comments\\n\\n 1. Financial Panther says:\\n\\nNovember 18, 2017 at 5:49 pm\\n\\nMy wife has been cutting my hair for years now (at least 5 years at this\\npoint) and it’s been great. I don’t have to deal with telling the barber what\\nkind of haircut I want, and really, it’s not even the cost savings that I care\\nabout all that much – it’s all of the time I save! Instead of spending an hour\\nor more to get my haircut, I can just get it cut anytime I want in 10 or 15\\nminutes.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 1. Jim P says:\\n\\nNovember 18, 2017 at 6:04 pm\\n\\nLove that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it give me\\nand the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and\\nit’s she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3\\ntimes in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start\\nover!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Jim Powell says:\\n\\nNovember 19, 2017 at 6:23 am\\n\\nLove that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it gives me\\nand the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and\\nshe’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in\\nthe past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n### About Me\\n\\nI'm a 50+ guy who found a need for resources for life and employment at middle\\nage.\\n\\n### Optin Form\\n\\n### My most popular posts\\n\\n * July 24, 2017\\n\\n## Career Crossroads hurdles are more common now\\n\\n * October 27, 2017\\n\\n## Blogging is not for faint of heart\\n\\n * October 28, 2017\\n\\n## Amazon gets rid of “negative” votes on reviews\\n\\n * November 15, 2017\\n\\n## How to take a 401k early withdraw for education\\n\\n * November 16, 2017\\n\\n## Why I don’t intend to monetize my blog (yet)\\n\\n### Resources I like\\n\\nClick here for resources I like and use.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210915211634/https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Cut Your Own Hair with Clippers\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Clothes can make (or break) the man...but what about your haircut? Here’s how to cut your own hair at home.\",\n \"Even a slightly disheveled pile of hair can ruin an otherwise immaculate impression. I’ve seen a lot of men who look dapper...until you notice something’s a bit off with their hairstyle.\",\n \"The truth is, haircuts definitely have a strict “expiration date.” For a long time, I was a regular offender by not sticking to it and failing to revitalize my undercut.\",\n \"Unfortunately, soon after I started caring more about my hairstyle routine, I experienced rapid hair loss. Over a period of only 4 months, a severe diffuse thinning robbed me of the wavy hair I had had over the past 23 years.\",\n \"After a few weeks of torture and hating myself, I decided I’d had enough. I bought a pair of clippers and shaved it all off to a #2.\",\n \"I could’ve gone to a barber, yes, but I wanted to do it by myself. It felt like a rite of passage to mark a rather shocking stage in my life.\",\n \"Following that, I became increasingly interested in DIY haircuts and haircutting tools. I’ve cut my friends’ hair, consulted aspiring barbers in their choice of tools and experimented with clippers by disassembling them and customizing them.\",\n \"As I like to say – what started as a coping mechanism has turned into a passion. My latest haul looks like this:\",\n \"There are so many products to choose from, but our top pick is the Wahl Complete Pro, which comes with everything you need for a great DIY haircut.\",\n \"You can easily become your own hairstylist. No, I’m not only talking about simple buzzcuts. I’ve seen a lot of people shaping very neat fades or undercuts with a little bit of practice.\",\n \"Going the DIY haircut way is very satisfying. You’re in full control of your looks, you learn a cool new skill and you save quite a bit of money in the process. There’s literally nothing not to like... except maybe the 5-10 minutes of post-haircut cleanup.\",\n \"Your cuts will look like crap if you don’t do a little bit of due diligence. It won’t even matter if you have a natural talent for DIY haircutting.\",\n \"I’ve seen a lot of people complaining about clippers “chewing” on their hair without cutting properly, breaking down in no time, blades rusting, etc.\",\n \"This is quite similar to me getting a pair of $10 headphones and wondering why the sound sucks and why they broke after a month or two.\",\n \"Don’t make the same mistake. Quality clippers don’t need to be very expensive, but you do tend to get what you pay for. Here are a few tips:\",\n \"The big three are Wahl, Andis and Oster, with a thumbs up for Remington too. I know some people like Conair, but I haven’t had good experiences with their clippers.\",\n \"Everything below that might lack performance, everything above that is a premium that you don’t necessarily need. A lot of barbers actually use mid- range clippers like Oster Fast Feeds or Wahl Magic Clips.\",\n \"Some models come packed with lots of additional things – from scissors, to capes and luxury storage boxes. You may or may not need these.\",\n \"What you definitely need are clipper guards, as many of them as possible. They define how versatile you are in your DIY hairstyling.\",\n \"A typical clipper weighs around 1 lbs and is 6′′ or so in size. Models above that usually have metal in their construction.\",\n \"Your typical home clippers are the adjustable blade type. Their symbolic feature is a side lever that looks like this:\",\n \"This little guy gives you valuable control over the length of your cuts. Pulling the lever in a “closed” position will cut your hair shorter. Leaving it “open” will allow for longer cutting lengths.\",\n \"Basically, you get a simple, convenient way to further control how much hair you cut, aside from clipper combs. You can layer your hair mid-cut with a quick flick of the lever.\",\n \"Detachable blade clippers are the Cadillacs of haircutting tools. Their cuts are crisper and honestly, you’ll feel like a hairstylist with a decade of experience behind your back.\",\n \"While there are comb sets for detachable clippers too, the real pride and satisfaction of using one comes exactly by sticking to naked blades.\",\n \"In most of the cases, I recommend you pick an adjustable blade clipper. They are quite straightforward to work with, cheaper and usually come with more accessories.\",\n \"What I love about cutting hair with clippers is how much more of a streamlined, convenient process it is compared to working with scissors.\",\n \"If you’re not doing something overly complicated with your hair, it can take as few as three minutes for a quick buzzcut, or 10-15 minutes for something more demanding.\",\n \"The only hard-set rule when you’re cutting your own hair is to go against the grain. Your hair’s direction might differ depending on the specific part of your head.\",\n \"If you’re going to do a shorter buzz, pay special attention to the crown. I feel the skin there is a little bit more tender than other parts of our heads, so be more gentle.\",\n \"Note that the area around the ear can be a bit tricky. A lot of the clipper kits, especially the Wahl ones, include specific attachments called “ear tapers.”\",\n \"Make sure you use them instead of the standard combs. If you’re working with a naked blade, make especially slow motions so as not to poke your ear. There won’t be blood, but it still hurts.\",\n \"I go bottom-to-top in an against the grain motion once more. Usually this is where you’ll need a small hand mirror to see how your cutting efforts are turning out.\",\n \"Yes, you can get by just “feeling” the length of your hair. However, there’s a high chance you’ll miss some parts.\",\n \"For the neckline, you might consider a neckline template – local shops and Amazon should have them. Or you can just make your own! I’ve even heard about people using belts to get their neckline right.\",\n \"For me, placing my fingers and taking a good look at the hand mirror while going slowly with the trimmer are more than enough.\",\n \"A very simple, yet effective tip regardless of your preferred hair length is to leave the sides a bit shorter than the top.\",\n \"Most of the time, hair on the sides appears to be bulkier which might make your hairstyle lack symmetry. Taking a bit more off the sides preserves the balance and makes your hair look neater.\",\n \"So for example, if you go with a #6 guard on your top, make the sides a #5 or #4. I’m partial to the more discrete 1 size difference – when I started buzzing my head, it was a #2 all over.\",\n \"Before moving to my current close-to-bald shave, I found out that a #2 on the sides and a longer #3 on top looks way more presentable. The slight difference evened out the denser hair on the sides and the sparse remains on top.\",\n \"For me, a #4 would be too much of a contrast, as you can see from the difference in combs:\",\n \"As I mentioned before, most of the kits should come with quite a few guards included. Their lengths are standardized between brands, with very small deviations present.\",\n \"Usually, you’ll get attachments numbered from #1 to #8. Here’s what length they cut to (inches shown are equal to the amount of hair left on your head):\",\n \"As I mentioned, before my hair loss I’d sometimes get lazy with keeping my haircut fresh. Other times, the postponing was due to purely financial reasons.\",\n \"But there’s a third factor: from time to time, I just didn’t want to bother with the social side of hitting the barber shop. I suck at small talk and if you’re not in a good mood, the whole grooming session can get really awkward.\",\n \"The good thing with home haircuts is that you can refresh your hairstyle whenever you wish. 10PM? No problem, just grab the clippers and get to work. Not in the mood? Nobody forces you to go through small talk or any social interactions anyways!\",\n \"These two areas are the biggest offenders when it comes to haircuts that seem like they’ve gone past their “expiry date.”\",\n \"It’s because these sections are delicate lines that require more frequent touching up. Just a few overgrown hairs and you’re looking like a careless caveman.\",\n \"If you already have a quality beard trimmer, you can actually use it (naked blade) to touch up both areas. In my case, I prefer a professional hair trimmer like this Andis T Outliner:\",\n \"Which prompts me to make an important distinction: hair clippers and hair trimmers are two completely different tools. I’ve seen a lot of people use them interchangeably, but that’s straight up wrong.\",\n \"Notice the blade teeth? Very small and situated close to each other. Most trimmers also have a limited number of guards, if any at all.\",\n \"Hair clippers were meant to work on your hair or serve as grooming tools for longer beards. Check what the blade on the Wahl Senior looks like:\",\n \"As you can guess, the wider teeth and bigger blade easily miss the mark when it comes to detailed work. That’s why they’re not optimal if you want to do keep your sideburns or neckline properly trimmed.\",\n \"The neckline is especially sneaky, as we usually don’t pay attention to what happens in the lower part of the back of our head.\",\n \"It really depends on how hairy you are, and what’s your hair growth rate, but do frequent checks with the side mirror.\",\n \"As for the sideburns, if I shave my beard, I leave them higher. A standard practice when they grow out is to just trim them to the halfway point of your ears.\",\n \"If you have an extremely thick neck, I advise you to go for a tapered/layered neckline, just like the fade haircuts you’re seeing. Conversely, if it’s thin, go for a more squared shape as it’ll add a bit of volume to your neck.\",\n \"A possible enemy of any dapper looking haircut can be the growth of unhealthy hair. Breakages and split hairs; dreary looking locks – if you’re too harsh on your hair, these can significantly shorten the life of your haircut.\",\n \"When I had longer hair, I always preferred to stick to towels and pat gently, with slow motions to minimize the risks of hair breakages.\",\n \"Using a good conditioner is also quite important as it fosters the growth of smooth, healthy hair. I don’t recommend you use it every day, especially if you have fine hair.\",\n \"However, conditioners are not a one-size-fits-all product. What works for some other men might be a total disaster for you.\",\n \"What I want to say here is that in any case, you should stick to a suitable conditioner if you want to preserve your hairstyle’s brilliance for a longer time.\",\n \"Hair clippers save you money and give you access to a pretty cool skill. In return, they want something very basic: maintenance.\",\n \"The frequency depends on how much hair you cut, but generally make sure you oil your clippers after every cut. For quicker, shorter buzzcuts every other cut is acceptable too.\",\n \"Make sure you remove all remains after every single cut. Hair and debris will deteriorate your clipper blade’s sharpness and will reduce the quality of your cuts.\",\n \"Not necessarily after every cut, but make sure you clean the blades from time to time. As I cut pretty close and there’s contact with my skin, I disinfect my blades at least twice per month.\",\n \"The good thing is most clippers come with a small tube of clipper oil and a tiny brush included in the set. As for disinfectants, both Wahl and Andis have sprays or liquids that take care of that.\",\n \"Pro Tip: If you lose your cleaning brush (something I’ve been guilty of quite a few times!), a small toothbrush should do the job just fine too!\",\n \"I have the feeling that way too many people think of DIY haircuts and clippers as something that’s way more complicated than it really is.\",\n \"Sure, if you’re rocking a very intricate hairstyle, it’s probably not worth it to try to emulate your barber’s technique.\",\n \"But honestly, probably more than half of the men I’ve seen so far stick to relatively simple haircuts that can be easily done at home. No doubt, it might take a “trial” cut or two to get things right, but it saves time, it saves money, and gives you a new DIY skill to brag about.\",\n \"A total no-brainer given its price and all the accessories you receive, I’ve dubbed this model “The King of Home Haircuts”.\",\n \"I want to commend two things here – it’s wide, curved blade that follows the head shape better than traditional blades, and the extra small, palm-sized body.\",\n \"If you’re just experimenting with the idea of cutting your own hair, I’d recommend starting with something inexpensive. You can always upgrade later on!\",\n \"The Modest Man staff writers are experts in men's lifestyle who love teaching guys how to live their best lives.\",\n \"Or just be a big boy and go to a barber and have it done right. I’ve never, ever seen a good DIY haircut with the exception of the buzz.\",\n \"I’ve seen plenty of bad ones Brock and each owner has been all too happy to share with me that they did it themselves. Two things my dad taught me – keep your mouth closed when your either angry or under water, and leave the haircuts to the professionals.\",\n \"Hey Brock. Hair cuts should be left to the Professionals, for all the gents i know that tried to cut their own hair was not successful i always say don’t be cheap when it comes to hair cuts pay a professional there are no shorts cuts when it comes to hair cuts\",\n \"I’ve been cutting my husband and 2 sons hair (with clippers) for almost 30 years. Great information and tips here-still learning Thanks\",\n \"Hi Brock. I have cut my own hair since I was first hired at an airline in October 1990. With an airline pilot schedule, the last thing I want to do is make another appointment in my life to do what? Haircut! No. I do it myself. Your tips are spot on. I have already incorporated them over the years, but it was a nice validation to view them on your site.\",\n \"This is great information Brock. I may need to begin cutting my son’s hair at home (instead of the barber shop) for the first time and this has been the best overview I’ve seen while reviewing tutorials. Thanks!!!\",\n \"I think it would be easier to cut another’s hair than one’s own. I know people who cut there kid’s and parents hair quite well after the beginning.\",\n \"🧦 Falke Invisible Step Socks – not cheap, but perhaps the best no show socks you can buy right now\",\n \"👕 Ash & Erie Short Sleeve Button Up – short sleeve button up shirts in lots of colors (perfect untucked length)\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Cut Your Own Hair with Clippers\\n\\n * Skip to primary navigation\\n * Skip to main content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n * Skip to footer\\n\\nThe Modest Man\\n\\nHome\\n\\n/ Grooming\\n\\n/ A Beginner’s Guide to Cutting Your Own Hair at Home\\n\\n# A Beginner’s Guide to Cutting Your Own Hair at Home\\n\\nPublished on October 16, 2017 by TMM Staff · Grooming, Popular\\n\\nMay contain affiliate links (what's this?)\\n\\nClothes can make (or break) the man...but what about your haircut? Here’s how\\nto cut your own hair at home.\\n\\n### Table of Contents\\n\\n * You NEED the Proper Tools\\n * Cutting Your Own Hair\\n * Making Your Haircut Last Longer\\n * Hair Clipper Maintenance\\n * Final Thoughts & Recommendations\\n\\nEven a slightly disheveled pile of hair can ruin an otherwise immaculate\\nimpression. I’ve seen a lot of men who look dapper...until you notice\\nsomething’s a bit off with their hairstyle.\\n\\nIt could be an overgrown neckline that has lost its trimmed neatness.\\n\\nA fade haircut where the sides have gotten way too thick to achieve the\\nlayered effect properly.\\n\\nOr just your standard easy cut that’s turned into a jungle of messy locks\\nbefore you even realized.\\n\\n> The truth is, haircuts definitely have a strict “expiration date.” For a\\n> long time, I was a regular offender by not sticking to it and failing to\\n> revitalize my undercut.\\n\\nSometimes I was just lazy. On other occasions the financial side of things was\\nto blame. It can be expensive if you want to keep your hair in check\\nfrequently!\\n\\nUnfortunately, soon after I started caring more about my hairstyle routine, I\\nexperienced rapid hair loss. Over a period of only 4 months, a severe diffuse\\nthinning robbed me of the wavy hair I had had over the past 23 years.\\n\\nAfter a few weeks of torture and hating myself, I decided I’d had enough. I\\nbought a pair of clippers and shaved it all off to a #2.\\n\\nI could’ve gone to a barber, yes, but I wanted to do it by myself. It felt\\nlike a rite of passage to mark a rather shocking stage in my life.\\n\\nFollowing that, I became increasingly interested in DIY haircuts and\\nhaircutting tools. I’ve cut my friends’ hair, consulted aspiring barbers in\\ntheir choice of tools and experimented with clippers by disassembling them and\\ncustomizing them.\\n\\nAs I like to say – what started as a coping mechanism has turned into a\\npassion. My latest haul looks like this:\\n\\nThere are so many products to choose from, but our top pick is the Wahl\\nComplete Pro, which comes with everything you need for a great DIY haircut.\\n\\nYou can easily become your own hairstylist. No, I’m not only talking about\\nsimple buzzcuts. I’ve seen a lot of people shaping very neat fades or\\nundercuts with a little bit of practice.\\n\\nGoing the DIY haircut way is very satisfying. You’re in full control of your\\nlooks, you learn a cool new skill and you save quite a bit of money in the\\nprocess. There’s literally nothing not to like... except maybe the 5-10\\nminutes of post-haircut cleanup.\\n\\nLet’s take a look at a few basics of trying out a home haircut.\\n\\n## You NEED the Proper Tools\\n\\nYour cuts will look like crap if you don’t do a little bit of due diligence.\\nIt won’t even matter if you have a natural talent for DIY haircutting.\\n\\nI’ve seen a lot of people complaining about clippers “chewing” on their hair\\nwithout cutting properly, breaking down in no time, blades rusting, etc.\\n\\nGuess what? 90% of the time they were shooting for cheap clippers off the\\nshelves in Walmart for $15.\\n\\nThis is quite similar to me getting a pair of $10 headphones and wondering why\\nthe sound sucks and why they broke after a month or two.\\n\\nDon’t make the same mistake. Quality clippers don’t need to be very expensive,\\nbut you do tend to get what you pay for. Here are a few tips:\\n\\n### Hair Clipper Brands\\n\\nThe big three are Wahl, Andis and Oster, with a thumbs up for Remington too. I\\nknow some people like Conair, but I haven’t had good experiences with their\\nclippers.\\n\\n### Price Range\\n\\n$35 to $60 is a good price tag for clippers that are suited for home users.\\n\\nEverything below that might lack performance, everything above that is a\\npremium that you don’t necessarily need. A lot of barbers actually use mid-\\nrange clippers like Oster Fast Feeds or Wahl Magic Clips.\\n\\nGoing above $90 means you’re getting professional tools that you’ll see in\\nhigher end barbershops.\\n\\n### Accessories & Extras\\n\\nSome models come packed with lots of additional things – from scissors, to\\ncapes and luxury storage boxes. You may or may not need these.\\n\\nWhat you definitely need are clipper guards, as many of them as possible. They\\ndefine how versatile you are in your DIY hairstyling.\\n\\n### Size & Weight\\n\\nA typical clipper weighs around 1 lbs and is 6′′ or so in size. Models above\\nthat usually have metal in their construction.\\n\\nThey will heat up and tire your hands more.\\n\\nLightweight clippers are usually cordless, but be careful – you might be\\ntrading performance for their convenience.\\n\\n### Adjustable vs. Detachable Blade Clippers\\n\\nYour typical home clippers are the adjustable blade type. Their symbolic\\nfeature is a side lever that looks like this:\\n\\nThis little guy gives you valuable control over the length of your cuts.\\nPulling the lever in a “closed” position will cut your hair shorter. Leaving\\nit “open” will allow for longer cutting lengths.\\n\\nBasically, you get a simple, convenient way to further control how much hair\\nyou cut, aside from clipper combs. You can layer your hair mid-cut with a\\nquick flick of the lever.\\n\\n> Detachable blade clippers are the Cadillacs of haircutting tools. Their cuts\\n> are crisper and honestly, you’ll feel like a hairstylist with a decade of\\n> experience behind your back.\\n\\nThis type works in a completely different way. To control the cutting length,\\nyou have to swap one blade with a different sized one. This can feel a bit\\noverwhelming for beginners, not to mention the whole ordeal costs more.\\n\\nWhile there are comb sets for detachable clippers too, the real pride and\\nsatisfaction of using one comes exactly by sticking to naked blades.\\n\\nIn most of the cases, I recommend you pick an adjustable blade clipper. They\\nare quite straightforward to work with, cheaper and usually come with more\\naccessories.\\n\\n## Cutting Your Own Hair\\n\\nWhat I love about cutting hair with clippers is how much more of a\\nstreamlined, convenient process it is compared to working with scissors.\\n\\nIf you’re not doing something overly complicated with your hair, it can take\\nas few as three minutes for a quick buzzcut, or 10-15 minutes for something\\nmore demanding.\\n\\nThe only hard-set rule when you’re cutting your own hair is to go against the\\ngrain. Your hair’s direction might differ depending on the specific part of\\nyour head.\\n\\nHere’s how I usually buzz my head and do easy cuts on my friends:\\n\\n### Step 1: Start with the top by going front to back\\n\\nIf you’re going to do a shorter buzz, pay special attention to the crown. I\\nfeel the skin there is a little bit more tender than other parts of our heads,\\nso be more gentle.\\n\\n### Step 2: Move to the sides\\n\\nNote that the area around the ear can be a bit tricky. A lot of the clipper\\nkits, especially the Wahl ones, include specific attachments called “ear\\ntapers.”\\n\\nMake sure you use them instead of the standard combs. If you’re working with a\\nnaked blade, make especially slow motions so as not to poke your ear. There\\nwon’t be blood, but it still hurts.\\n\\n### Step 3: The back of the head comes last\\n\\nI go bottom-to-top in an against the grain motion once more. Usually this is\\nwhere you’ll need a small hand mirror to see how your cutting efforts are\\nturning out.\\n\\nYes, you can get by just “feeling” the length of your hair. However, there’s a\\nhigh chance you’ll miss some parts.\\n\\nTo avoid looking ridiculous, just use the hand mirror so you don’t end up with\\nuneven hair patches.\\n\\n### Step 4: Give the neckline and sideburns some love\\n\\nThis is crucial. You want them to look sharp, otherwise they’ll ruin your cut.\\n\\nFor the neckline, you might consider a neckline template – local shops and\\nAmazon should have them. Or you can just make your own! I’ve even heard about\\npeople using belts to get their neckline right.\\n\\nFor me, placing my fingers and taking a good look at the hand mirror while\\ngoing slowly with the trimmer are more than enough.\\n\\nA very simple, yet effective tip regardless of your preferred hair length is\\nto leave the sides a bit shorter than the top.\\n\\n> Most of the time, hair on the sides appears to be bulkier which might make\\n> your hairstyle lack symmetry. Taking a bit more off the sides preserves the\\n> balance and makes your hair look neater.\\n\\nUsually there’s a 1 or 2 clipper sizes difference between the two sections.\\n\\nSo for example, if you go with a #6 guard on your top, make the sides a #5 or\\n#4. I’m partial to the more discrete 1 size difference – when I started\\nbuzzing my head, it was a #2 all over.\\n\\nBefore moving to my current close-to-bald shave, I found out that a #2 on the\\nsides and a longer #3 on top looks way more presentable. The slight difference\\nevened out the denser hair on the sides and the sparse remains on top.\\n\\nFor me, a #4 would be too much of a contrast, as you can see from the\\ndifference in combs:\\n\\nSpeaking of sizes and numbers...\\n\\n## Standard Cutting Lengths\\n\\nAs I mentioned before, most of the kits should come with quite a few guards\\nincluded. Their lengths are standardized between brands, with very small\\ndeviations present.\\n\\nUsually, you’ll get attachments numbered from #1 to #8. Here’s what length\\nthey cut to (inches shown are equal to the amount of hair left on your head):\\n\\n * #1 – 1/8′′ or 3 mm\\n * #2 – 1/4′′ or 6 mm\\n * #3 – 3/8′′ or 10 mm\\n * #4 – 1/2′′ or 13 mm\\n * #5 – 5/8′′ or 16 mm\\n * #6 – 3/4′′ or 19 mm\\n * #7 – 7/8′′ or 22 mm\\n * #8 – 1′′ or 25 mm\\n\\nGenerally size increments are around 1/8′′ or 3 mm.\\n\\nThere’s a few additional sizes that might are more situational and might not\\nbe included with some clippers:\\n\\n * #0 (or #1/2 with Wahl clippers) – 1/16′′ or 1.5 mm\\n * # 1 1/2 (Wahl clippers) – 3/16′′ or 4.5 mm\\n * #10 (Wahl clippers) – 1 1/4′′ or 32 mm\\n * #12 (Wahl clippers) – 1 1/2′′ or 38 mm\\n\\nEither way, here’s how to make your home haircut last longer.\\n\\n## Making Your Haircut Last Longer\\n\\nSome people love going to the barbershop. For others, it can be a bit of a\\nstruggle.\\n\\nAs I mentioned, before my hair loss I’d sometimes get lazy with keeping my\\nhaircut fresh. Other times, the postponing was due to purely financial\\nreasons.\\n\\nBut there’s a third factor: from time to time, I just didn’t want to bother\\nwith the social side of hitting the barber shop. I suck at small talk and if\\nyou’re not in a good mood, the whole grooming session can get really awkward.\\n\\nThe good thing with home haircuts is that you can refresh your hairstyle\\nwhenever you wish. 10PM? No problem, just grab the clippers and get to work.\\nNot in the mood? Nobody forces you to go through small talk or any social\\ninteractions anyways!\\n\\nHome haircuts can be a relaxed way of doing some proper touch-ups between your\\nfull haircuts.\\n\\n### Clean up your sideburns and neckline\\n\\nThese two areas are the biggest offenders when it comes to haircuts that seem\\nlike they’ve gone past their “expiry date.”\\n\\nEven when your hair is actually still on point!\\n\\nIt’s because these sections are delicate lines that require more frequent\\ntouching up. Just a few overgrown hairs and you’re looking like a careless\\ncaveman.\\n\\nOkay, that was quite the hyperbole, but these can get messy in no time,\\nreally.\\n\\nHowever, clippers won’t do a great job here. What you really need is a proper\\nhair trimmer.\\n\\nIf you already have a quality beard trimmer, you can actually use it (naked\\nblade) to touch up both areas. In my case, I prefer a professional hair\\ntrimmer like this Andis T Outliner:\\n\\nWhich prompts me to make an important distinction: hair clippers and hair\\ntrimmers are two completely different tools. I’ve seen a lot of people use\\nthem interchangeably, but that’s straight up wrong.\\n\\nHere’s how a typical T-Blade hair trimmer looks:\\n\\nNotice the blade teeth? Very small and situated close to each other. Most\\ntrimmers also have a limited number of guards, if any at all.\\n\\nThey’re made for maintaining stubble or shorter beards, touching up sideburns,\\nshaping necklines or doing edge-ups.\\n\\nHair clippers were meant to work on your hair or serve as grooming tools for\\nlonger beards. Check what the blade on the Wahl Senior looks like:\\n\\nThis is a professional grade Wahl Clipper\\n\\nAs you can guess, the wider teeth and bigger blade easily miss the mark when\\nit comes to detailed work. That’s why they’re not optimal if you want to do\\nkeep your sideburns or neckline properly trimmed.\\n\\nThe neckline is especially sneaky, as we usually don’t pay attention to what\\nhappens in the lower part of the back of our head.\\n\\nIt really depends on how hairy you are, and what’s your hair growth rate, but\\ndo frequent checks with the side mirror.\\n\\n> As for the sideburns, if I shave my beard, I leave them higher. A standard\\n> practice when they grow out is to just trim them to the halfway point of\\n> your ears.\\n\\nMy neckline has decided to grow out like a gorilla’s, for some reason, so I\\nhave to clean it up every 2-3 days. If you’re luckier guy than me, once per\\nweek should be fine.\\n\\nIf you have an extremely thick neck, I advise you to go for a tapered/layered\\nneckline, just like the fade haircuts you’re seeing. Conversely, if it’s thin,\\ngo for a more squared shape as it’ll add a bit of volume to your neck.\\n\\n### Ensure new hairs are healthy\\n\\nThe sideburns and neckline are the little details, but let’s not forget about\\nthe bulk of your hair.\\n\\nA possible enemy of any dapper looking haircut can be the growth of unhealthy\\nhair. Breakages and split hairs; dreary looking locks – if you’re too harsh on\\nyour hair, these can significantly shorten the life of your haircut.\\n\\nThe best solution is to be careful with drying your hair, as it’s most\\nvulnerable when it’s wet.\\n\\nWhen I had longer hair, I always preferred to stick to towels and pat gently,\\nwith slow motions to minimize the risks of hair breakages.\\n\\nUsing a good conditioner is also quite important as it fosters the growth of\\nsmooth, healthy hair. I don’t recommend you use it every day, especially if\\nyou have fine hair.\\n\\nHowever, conditioners are not a one-size-fits-all product. What works for some\\nother men might be a total disaster for you.\\n\\nFine hair will need a thickening conditioner for optimal healthiness and\\nlooks; this could backfire for thicker hair types.\\n\\nWhat I want to say here is that in any case, you should stick to a suitable\\nconditioner if you want to preserve your hairstyle’s brilliance for a longer\\ntime.\\n\\n## Hair Clipper Maintenance\\n\\nHair clippers save you money and give you access to a pretty cool skill. In\\nreturn, they want something very basic: maintenance.\\n\\nDon’t worry, it’s not an overly complicated task! It boils down to three\\nthings:\\n\\n### #1: Oiling\\n\\nThe frequency depends on how much hair you cut, but generally make sure you\\noil your clippers after every cut. For quicker, shorter buzzcuts every other\\ncut is acceptable too.\\n\\n### #2: Cleaning leftover hair\\n\\nMake sure you remove all remains after every single cut. Hair and debris will\\ndeteriorate your clipper blade’s sharpness and will reduce the quality of your\\ncuts.\\n\\n### #3: Disinfecting\\n\\nNot necessarily after every cut, but make sure you clean the blades from time\\nto time. As I cut pretty close and there’s contact with my skin, I disinfect\\nmy blades at least twice per month.\\n\\nThe good thing is most clippers come with a small tube of clipper oil and a\\ntiny brush included in the set. As for disinfectants, both Wahl and Andis have\\nsprays or liquids that take care of that.\\n\\nPro Tip: If you lose your cleaning brush (something I’ve been guilty of quite\\na few times!), a small toothbrush should do the job just fine too!\\n\\n## Final Thoughts & Recommendations\\n\\nI have the feeling that way too many people think of DIY haircuts and clippers\\nas something that’s way more complicated than it really is.\\n\\nSure, if you’re rocking a very intricate hairstyle, it’s probably not worth it\\nto try to emulate your barber’s technique.\\n\\nBut honestly, probably more than half of the men I’ve seen so far stick to\\nrelatively simple haircuts that can be easily done at home. No doubt, it might\\ntake a “trial” cut or two to get things right, but it saves time, it saves\\nmoney, and gives you a new DIY skill to brag about.\\n\\nIf you’re looking for some product suggestions, here’s what’s worked for me\\nand the people around me:\\n\\n→ Whole haircutting kit: Wahl Elite Pro\\n\\nThis is actually what other pro reviewers like The Sweethome recommend too.\\n\\nWahl Elite Pro Kit (pretty much all you need to cut your own hair)\\n\\nA total no-brainer given its price and all the accessories you receive, I’ve\\ndubbed this model “The King of Home Haircuts”.\\n\\n→ Cordless, lightweight clipper: Remington HC4250\\n\\nI want to commend two things here – it’s wide, curved blade that follows the\\nhead shape better than traditional blades, and the extra small, palm-sized\\nbody.\\n\\nKeep in mind that it’s perfect for buzzcuts, but not optimal for layered\\nhairstyles.\\n\\n→ More professional tools: Oster Fast Feed / Wahl Magic Clip\\n\\n→ Barber-grade detachable blade clipper: Oster Classic 76\\n\\nIf you’re just experimenting with the idea of cutting your own hair, I’d\\nrecommend starting with something inexpensive. You can always upgrade later\\non!\\n\\nQuestions? Ask them below in the comments section!\\n\\nGrooming, Popular Filed Under:DIY, hair 9 comments\\n\\n### Related Posts\\n\\nThe 18 Best Men’s Hairstyles to Try in 2021The Best Sulfate-Free Shampoos for\\nMen in 202111 Easy Low Maintenance Men’s Hairstyles10 Handsome Grey Hairstyles\\nfor Men (Young and Old)\\n\\n#### About TMM Staff\\n\\nThe Modest Man staff writers are experts in men's lifestyle who love teaching\\nguys how to live their best lives.\\n\\n### Join the Club\\n\\nNever miss a post, plus grab this free guide (instant download). No spam.\\nEver.\\n\\nSubscribe Now\\n\\n## Reader Interactions\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Sal Rabinowitz says\\n\\nNovember 6, 2017 at 5:59 pm\\n\\nOr just be a big boy and go to a barber and have it done right. I’ve never,\\never seen a good DIY haircut with the exception of the buzz.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Brock says\\n\\nNovember 6, 2017 at 11:07 pm\\n\\nHow would you know if you had seen one?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sal Rabinowitz says\\n\\nNovember 7, 2017 at 11:36 am\\n\\nI’ve seen plenty of bad ones Brock and each owner has been all too happy to\\nshare with me that they did it themselves. Two things my dad taught me – keep\\nyour mouth closed when your either angry or under water, and leave the\\nhaircuts to the professionals.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Brock says\\n\\nNovember 7, 2017 at 12:08 pm\\n\\nSounds like that first lesson may not have sunk in fully...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. FREDRICK WATERS says\\n\\nFebruary 15, 2019 at 2:17 pm\\n\\nHey Brock. Hair cuts should be left to the Professionals, for all the gents i\\nknow that tried to cut their own hair was not successful i always say don’t be\\ncheap when it comes to hair cuts pay a professional there are no shorts cuts\\nwhen it comes to hair cuts\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Mary says\\n\\nJune 11, 2019 at 7:52 pm\\n\\nI’ve been cutting my husband and 2 sons hair (with clippers) for almost 30\\nyears. Great information and tips here-still learning Thanks\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 4. Ken says\\n\\nJuly 7, 2019 at 10:56 pm\\n\\nHi Brock. I have cut my own hair since I was first hired at an airline in\\nOctober 1990. With an airline pilot schedule, the last thing I want to do is\\nmake another appointment in my life to do what? Haircut! No. I do it myself.\\nYour tips are spot on. I have already incorporated them over the years, but it\\nwas a nice validation to view them on your site.\\n\\nCiao’ Ken\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 5. Esti says\\n\\nApril 11, 2020 at 12:00 pm\\n\\nThis is great information Brock. I may need to begin cutting my son’s hair at\\nhome (instead of the barber shop) for the first time and this has been the\\nbest overview I’ve seen while reviewing tutorials. Thanks!!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 6. Greg Bankston says\\n\\nNovember 24, 2020 at 2:44 pm\\n\\nI think it would be easier to cut another’s hair than one’s own. I know people\\nwho cut there kid’s and parents hair quite well after the beginning.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n### Join the Club\\n\\nNever miss a post, plus grab this free guide (instant download).\\n\\nNo spam. Ever.\\n\\nSubscribe Now\\n\\n### Top 5 Favorites for Spring/Summer 2021\\n\\n 1. 👟 Koio Capri Sneakers – Common Projects quality for a fraction of the price\\n 2. Goodthreads 7′′ Chino Shorts – slightly stretchy, perfect length, lots of colors, great price\\n 3. 🧦 Falke Invisible Step Socks – not cheap, but perhaps the best no show socks you can buy right now\\n 4. ⌚️ Seiko SNK809 – the best automatic watch under $150 you can buy (perfect for someone’s first mechanical watch)\\n 5. 👕 Ash & Erie Short Sleeve Button Up – short sleeve button up shirts in lots of colors (perfect untucked length)\\n\\n### Most popular posts\\n\\n#### The 10 Best Fall Shoes for Men (2021 Guide)\\n\\n#### Bespoke vs. Made-to-Measure vs. Off the Rack: What’s the Difference?\\n\\n#### 25 Great Watches For Small Wrists (Updated for 2021)\\n\\n#### The Complete Guide to Business Casual Style for Men [2021]\\n\\n#### 100 Famous Short Men Everyone Can Look Up To\\n\\n### Topics\\n\\n * Clothing & Style\\n * Outfit Ideas\\n * Fitness\\n * Product Reviews\\n * Dating & Confidence\\n * Grooming\\n * Men of Modest Height\\n * Income Reports\\n\\n## Footer\\n\\nHome • Blog • Resources • Contact • Advertise\\n\\nPrivacy Policy & Affiliate Disclosure • Terms & Conditions\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 The Modest Man (Registered Trademark)\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/magazine/how-to-cut-your-own-hair.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804113949/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/magazine/how-to-cut-your-own-hair.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Cut Your Own Hair\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"“Style it dry and identify what’s not working,” says Alexis Wheeler, who owns the Crown salon in New York. “Is it too dense? Is it too long over all? Are the layers too long on top?” Get the right tools. Wheeler says that any kind of shears will work: “I know a lot of people who cut their hair with nail scissors.”\",\n \"Situate yourself someplace where you will be comfortable. Some self-stylists will be more at ease cutting by feel; others will prefer to use their own reflection. “When you’re looking in the mirror, it’s super disorienting,” Wheeler says. “It takes a while to figure out what you’re seeing. When I use a mirror, I have to switch my body position to really see what I’m cutting. It’s awkward at first, to see where your body is and where the hair you want to cut is and where the scissors are.” Negotiate that spatial relationship by taking your time and by focusing on a fixed point in the reflected background to establish depth of field.\",\n \"If you have thick curly hair and want to take out some of the weight, part your hair and separate out some sections underneath the part. Move your fingers about two to three inches away from the scalp. “You don’t want to cut on your part,” Wheeler says. “You want it on the inside of your hair.” If you have very fine hair, be cautious and “careful not to create blunt lines.” Don’t try to finish the job too quickly. “I have clients who have given themselves full haircuts,” she says. “They go really slowly. Take a little bit off and look at it.”\",\n \"The most important thing, according to Wheeler, is to “cut with confidence.” She has been cutting her own hair since she was 12 and has coached relatives and friends over Skype through self-given haircuts. Here’s how you know when you are done: “You cut something, you shake your hair out and it looks good to you. Or you feel scared — that feeling would be a good stopping point too.”\",\n \"Wheeler also advises that it’s “important to have a relationship with a stylist so that if you have a hair emergency, they can bail you out.”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Cut Your Own Hair - The New York Times\\n\\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\\n\\nToday’s Paper\\n\\nHow to Cut Your Own Hair\\n\\nhttps://nyti.ms/2en2zvv\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nSupported by\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nTip\\n\\n# How to Cut Your Own Hair\\n\\nBy Jaime Lowe\\n\\n * Oct. 21, 2016\\n\\nCredit...Illustration by Radio\\n\\n“Style it dry and identify what’s not working,” says Alexis Wheeler, who owns\\nthe Crown salon in New York. “Is it too dense? Is it too long over all? Are\\nthe layers too long on top?” Get the right tools. Wheeler says that any kind\\nof shears will work: “I know a lot of people who cut their hair with nail\\nscissors.”\\n\\nSituate yourself someplace where you will be comfortable. Some self-stylists\\nwill be more at ease cutting by feel; others will prefer to use their own\\nreflection. “When you’re looking in the mirror, it’s super disorienting,”\\nWheeler says. “It takes a while to figure out what you’re seeing. When I use a\\nmirror, I have to switch my body position to really see what I’m cutting. It’s\\nawkward at first, to see where your body is and where the hair you want to cut\\nis and where the scissors are.” Negotiate that spatial relationship by taking\\nyour time and by focusing on a fixed point in the reflected background to\\nestablish depth of field.\\n\\nIf you have thick curly hair and want to take out some of the weight, part\\nyour hair and separate out some sections underneath the part. Move your\\nfingers about two to three inches away from the scalp. “You don’t want to cut\\non your part,” Wheeler says. “You want it on the inside of your hair.” If you\\nhave very fine hair, be cautious and “careful not to create blunt lines.”\\nDon’t try to finish the job too quickly. “I have clients who have given\\nthemselves full haircuts,” she says. “They go really slowly. Take a little bit\\noff and look at it.”\\n\\nThe most important thing, according to Wheeler, is to “cut with confidence.”\\nShe has been cutting her own hair since she was 12 and has coached relatives\\nand friends over Skype through self-given haircuts. Here’s how you know when\\nyou are done: “You cut something, you shake your hair out and it looks good to\\nyou. Or you feel scared — that feeling would be a good stopping point too.”\\n\\nWheeler also advises that it’s “important to have a relationship with a\\nstylist so that if you have a hair emergency, they can bail you out.”\\n\\n“Everything can be fixed,” she says.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170804091347/http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Cut Your Man’s Hair (Tips & Video)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This is one of those posts I never thought I’d write (it’s definitely not very home related) but due to a surprising amount of requests, here it is. I guess anything that has to do with saving money and doing something yourself is fair game, right? I have no idea how I got into cutting people’s hair, but throughout high school and college I just played around, cutting off a guy’s mullet here and giving my BFF a super short pixie cut there (all at my “client’s” requests, of course). Why did they trust me? I have no idea. Maybe I just have a trustworthy face? I most certainly don’t have any formal training. I just sort of treat hair like I’d imagine I’d make a butter sculpture. You just remove the extra stuff so you’re left with the shape you want. Confidence inspiring, huh? But a bunch of people actually noticed my latest work of haircut art on John’s head in party pictures yesterday, so... score! Haha.\",\n \"The funny thing is that we realized I’ve been cutting John’s hair for seven whole years! And I’ve probably dished out 50+ other haircuts to other friends and family members throughout the last ten years (why yes I have cut my brother in law’s hair in the backyard of John’s parents beach house). So take this post for what it is, one not-professional gal’s take on how she grooms her man. An above the neck manscaping lesson if you will.\",\n \"But since it’s extremely impossible to tell you how I cut John’s hair and a lot more descriptive to just show you, we actually made a video, thanks to the help of our handy little tripod. Look at that shaggy hair John had going on in this “setting up for the video” shot:\",\n \"But on with the video! Let’s get up close and personal with those light brown locks, shall we? Oh yes, and I have primer/paint all over my hands from Clara’s birthday dollhouse (more on that tomorrow).\",\n \"For anyone who can’t watch the video with the sound on (mehaps you’re at work?) it’s actually still pretty easy to understand on mute (since you just have to see what my hands are doing to get the gist). And I’ve included a few written tips in bullet form below, just to help anyone with a sucker on standby who’s ok with you experimenting on their head. I say that in the most kind and loving way, since all of my friends and family who have let me go to town on their hair are pretty darn awesome. I actually haven’t had an oopsie since college (I went a little shorter than I meant to on a gal in dorms, but she totally had the bone structure to work it). Although now that I’ve made that claim I feel like I should knock on wood. Or John should, since he’d be the most likely person to have to walk around with a potential hair snafu if it ever were to happen. Anyway, on with the tips:\",\n \"I cut hair when it’s dry or very lightly misted with water because my experience when cutting wet hair has been that it “shrinks up” and is always shorter than I mean for it to be – which can lead to profuse apologies. Also hair that’s wet might not “lay” the way it does when it’s dry (ex: a cowlick might make itself known when hair’s dry and result in an uneven effect).\",\n \"I cut John’s hair at night after Clara’s off to bed so we can get ‘er done without distractions (no toddler running through the hair pile on the floor- which Burger thankfully avoids like the plague).\",\n \"I don’t use a buzzer and just shave John’s neck for him after the haircut with a regular shaving razor. That always makes things look nice and polished, and this way we don’t have to store a big hair buzzer (or pay for one).\",\n \"I use hair-cutting scissors that I got for like $5 from CVS. They don’t even have a brand name on them to pass along. Sorry!\",\n \"I use my fingers to keep things even. For example, when I cut John’s hair I cut it one-finger-length from his scalp, so it all stays that length. I go a little longer on top – maybe two finger lengths (see the video for more on this).\",\n \"I always try to cut hair vertically (ex: parallel to John’s spine) – except for trimming the line around his neck – since it can look dorky and block-ish if you cut things horizontally (parallel to the shoulders). It’s really hard to explain in words, but the video makes this much more clear.\",\n \"I’m not a pro, so this isn’t real hairdresser scoop. Haha. I’m just a crazy girl with a penchant for pickles and cutting hair – so this is just what works for me (and John, my sweet hair-model hubby).\",\n \"Oh and here’s an after pic from the back, since that might help you guys visualize it from that angle.\",\n \"Hope that helps any DIY-haircutting-hopefuls out there! Does anyone else host haircuts at their house? The craziest thing is that I just calculated that we have probably saved at least $700 in the past seven years just by me cutting John’s hair (not counting all the times that I cut my own hair or ask John to snip a straight line in the back when I need a little trim and can’t reach – which might be an additional $500 in savings over the years). That’s a lot of cheddar ceramic animals...\",\n \"Kudos for you for being brave enough! There’s no way I’d ever be up to cutting Kev’s hair... I’d probably end up taking off an ear or something!\",\n \"Haha, believe it or not, I’ve never cut John (or anyone else I’ve cut hair for) but I usually cut myself. Just a little snip, like a paper cut. Haha. Seems to be part of the routine by now. Haha.\",\n \"Speaking of haircuts. My hubby would never let me attempt one on him again. We just won’t go there. But I would love to see a DIY on how to cut a 2 year old child’s hair while sleeping. Better yet while doing anything. Jude has had 3 hair cuts maybe 4 in his life. Some easy, some not so easy. But now at 2 he will sit and wait until it’s his turn and then that’s it he goes into full fledge possessed demon mode. The last person I went to sat on the floor with Jude and I. She got one snip and then said I’m to scared I’m gonna cut him. So basically he can literally see out of one eye and his hair is beyond bad now. (my boys have tons of hair and it grows fast) Any tips or suggestions would be greatly appreciated! Lesley\",\n \"Oh no, that’s rough! Is there an activity that he loves doing in his highchair? I would get him in there, all strapped in with the tray on, and give him whatever he loves (bubbles, play dough, you can even bring it outside and do it there). Then hopefully he’ll be so into what you’re giving him that he’ll let you do your thing. That’s my only idea!\",\n \"My son is the same way – we do popsicles! My hairstylist friend has until the end of the popsicle to complete the haircut!\",\n \"When my baby brother was that age (I was a teenager), we always cut his hair while sleeping. We would usually get one side, and then put him down on the other cheek the next night to get the other side. Haha.\",\n \"Lesley, if you ever figure it out, let me know! My 18m old has had 2 haircuts, one by me, and one by my husband. Both were terrible! The very first one, we were at my parents’ house and we fed him chocolate (my parents keep those hershey’s mineratures around all the time) and that did NOT work. When I tried it, I basically chased him around his sister’s room and got a snip in here and there. He sees the scissors and freaks. Then hubby said I cut the ears too short. And his hair is curly to boot. Not ringlets curly, but definitely does not lay down. :) Fun with boys, right!\",\n \"by the by, my 3 year old daughter has yet to get a haircut, though that is impending, I’m sure. It is a nightmare to brush her hair.\",\n \"My best friend’s mom, when I was a kid, used to run her fingers through her 2 year old’s hair asking him if she could cut it, and he would always say no. What he did not know is she was snipping those locks she was asking about as she touched his hair – it took about a week to cut his hair but he never noticed, and never had the meltdown a formal sit-down haircut would have caused.\",\n \"I know its not the best idea, but maybe before the hair cut commences, let him pick out a toy, special candy, new book so he knows its there and he physically sees it and explain that when he sits like a big boy through a hair cut he can have it..and if he doesn’t, he doesn’t get it but he still knows you have it...and he can either be rewarded or not. Toddlers like a choice...and its funny because they can either choose the fun happy path. Or the disappointing, no reward for bad behavior path.\",\n \"We always put on a movie for my 2-year-old (almost 3 now!) boy and strap him into a booster seat – and then I always have a 2nd person there to hold his head still in case he gets wiggly. I’ve also heard lollipops help? But I’m not sure why because my son will still move his head around even if he has a lollipop.\",\n \"Wow, thanks everyone for the tips. And thanks to you Sherri as well. Jude is a really big and strong two year old over 40lbs. He has long grown out of a high chair and giving him treats etc. forget it. He couldn’t care less. But the good news is I snuck up during nap time and took some snips at his bangs and at the very least he can see now. Beats getting charged for each individual time I keep attempting to go in and get his hair cut. We may have to try again soon when he gets older. Thanks again. Lesley\",\n \"We have a chain called Cool Cuts for Kids here. They have movies and video games for the kids to play while they get their haircut (and cute cars for the babies/toddlers to sit in). It is a little pricey for a kids haircut ($17 I think) but they have coupons regularly. I took all my boys there when they were little. We only had a few incidents of kids crying through haircuts and ended up holding them in a chair while the stylist quickly did her thing. All three sit nicely for haircuts now.\",\n \"My nephew was horrible with haircuts until a hairdresser suggested not using the word “cut”. Kids associate it with pain. He would sit quietly as long as he was getting his hair “trimmed” not “cut”\",\n \"I’ve been cutting my husband’s hair since just before we were married (almost 10 years!). It does not go both ways, however. But I feel so smart not spending all that money on haircuts!\",\n \"Oh, forgot to mention — we always head outside for haircuts so there’s less clean-up. (When we lived in a condo with a shared courtyard, he wouldn’t let anyone see, so we were relegated to the bathtub, but now we get to enjoy the sights and sounds of the backyard.)\",\n \"When do we get a tutorial on you cutting your own hair? That’s what I need to see! I always manage to have a little bit too long in the back and have to ask my husband to trim off for me.\",\n \"That would be a comedy of errors. It’s me with wet hair from the shower brushing it all out and then begging John to cut it carefully straight across the back. Might have to see if I can catch that on film someday. Nothing fancy about it (no layers or anything). Haha.\",\n \"I’ve never been trained in doing hair or anything, but after my husband and I got married he asked for me to cut his hair. It took a few tries to get use to and get it just right, but now I’ve been doing them for 5 years. I can’t even imagine how much money we have saved over the years. Within the past few months my husband has wanted a different try of hair style that I’m still trying to perfect but now I’m thinking about starting to do my own hair. I’ve trimmed my own bangs for years and cut split ends when I’m bored in the office. So how hard can it be. I keep a pretty simple long hair style so maybe I won’t be so bad. I’ll let you know how it goes.\",\n \"Aw, I love that you cut your man’s hair and trim your own bangs! Keep me posted how your own self-cut goes! Mine is pretty basic, so I hope yours is easy too!\",\n \"Geez, is there nothing that $herdog can’t do? :) His hair looks great! I think it’s nice to show all sorts of things on here; I think people really look to you guys on how to simplify things in their lives and save money. I know I do.\",\n \"Aw thanks Maureen! There was definitely a learning curve! It used to take me soooo long to cut his hair (like an hour!) but over time I’ve gotten faster. Haha.\",\n \"Good for you guys! I totally cut my hubby’s hair too. A number one all around and then a clean up around the ears and neck with the guard off. I’ve only had an oops once...the day of my company’s Christmas party (of course). Poor guy looked like he was ready for basic training. For us it’s nice to save the moolah, but also the convenience factor rocks. We’ve got an 18 month old and this way my hubby is never over-due for a trim. Like you guys, we do our cuts after our little one is down for the night. I’ve cut his hair in the back yard at midnight in the winter since I’m such a clean freak and well, you gotta do what you gotta do when you’ve got a little person in your life. We splurged on a barber’s cape from Amazon since the hubby can’t stand getting hair down his neck. :)\",\n \"Haha, too funny about the backyard in the winter at midnight! I love that you have a fancy cape like a pro!\",\n \"Well, that is awesome. I have a husband and two sons, and that’s a lot of haircuts I’ve been wanting to tackle myself. I’ve experimented on my three year old, but it takes multiple cookies and episodes of Fraggle Rock to get him to cooperate. Your video was much easier to follow that what I’ve found on YouTube, so Thanks a Ton!\",\n \"I cut my own bangs! The tutorial is above. Just curious...do you cut your own hair, too? And how do you do it? Just throw it over the front of your shoulders? lol. My hair is getting knotty. Thanks Sherry!\",\n \"Love the bang cuts! I just brush it all out in the back (all over my shoulders on my back) and beg John to try snipping a straight line (no layers or anything fancy) and sometimes troll youtube for a tutorial that might involve light layers (like pushing it over your shoulders and cutting it in front or while gathered in pigtails, etc). I only get brave like that when it’s really long and I know I can de-layer it if it’s too crazy by just going shorter and more blunt.\",\n \"I’ve been trying to let my husband let me cut his hair for years but haha that won’t be happening (he won’t even let me buzz his neck, he must know my penchant for clumsiness). That said, I used to cut my friends hair in highschool, and then in college I did a few cuts, some highlights, buzzed the guys hair a bunch, cut my own bangs, etc. I wish the boy would let me cut his hair. Then again, he only pays like $15 to a barber and goes a while in between haha.\",\n \"“Above the neck manscaping lesson” !!! Oh Sherry, you kill me. I love when you guys get a bit saucy.\",\n \"My husband has the same talent! He actually cuts his own hair and that of his male family members, friends and friends’ kids. We’ve been known to go over to people’s houses so he can provide haircuts and they usually provide us dinner in exchange, haha. Just like you, it’s a talent he happened to discover—no formal training. I wish he would cut my hair too but I think he’s a little terrified since he’s only worked with the dudes, but if John can handle the straight-line-across-the-back trim, it shouldn’t be that big of a deal!\",\n \"When my hair was short I used to cut it regularly to save all those trips to the hairdresser, but I no longer have a bathroom where I can set up mirrors to see the back of my head. Living the long-and-pony-tailed lifestyle now.\",\n \"I have a friend who cuts his own hair, too, and without any mirrors to see the back! I was super impressed; he does such a great job!\",\n \"Katie: You should definitely talk your husband into cutting your hair. It must be much easier to cut long hair, so if he’s good with short, I’m sure he’ll do well. I recently went from long hair to short, in stages. I made my husband cut it, and he was literally shaking, but it looked fine even the first time (I was a little scared when I felt his hands and the scissors tremble against my back- but hey, it’s only hair!). Now I might make him watch this video, and then sort me out a nice pixie look (He just started a new job this week, so NOT the time for me to go trial-and-error on his hair...\",\n \"I don’t know, guys, usually I am right there with you, but I like the before better. He needed a shape-up, but the before gives him a shaggy Brad Pitt kind of look.\",\n \"Haha, oh yeah, the long hair vs. short hair debate is one for the ages! Personally John likes it short and I think he’s a hottie when it’s freshly shorn. But to each his own!\",\n \"It’s funny that Amanda says John’s before picture reminds her of a shaggy Brad Pitt. I actually thought he just resembled Shaggy from Scooby Doo – and that’s NOT a bad thing, although the inner dialog in my head is now saying...”Raggy? Rooby Roo needs Rooby snacks!”.\",\n \"WAY different. I keep looking at the picture to determine if it was a magazine photo because it just does not look like John. :-)\",\n \"Haha- that’s so funny. I wonder if it’s just that you guys are used to seeing him straight on in pics on the ol’ blog? Our relatives and friends see us in 3D so we must look different than face-on blog pics, haha. So much that side ones look funny I guess!\",\n \"I think his hair looks great, but have to be honest, I was getting sweaty palms just watching this video! I don’t think I would trust myself cutting someone else’s hair. I can’t even manage to trim my almost 2 year olds bangs. I just take her to my hairdresser for a bang trim every 2 months! haha\",\n \"Haha, you’re lucky you have a 2 year old with so much hair! Clara has yet to need anything other than the occasional mullet cut. Haha.\",\n \"Hey, we’re John & Sherry. We’ve fixed up 3 homes, had 2 kids, written books, designed products, and eaten countless tacos. Here you’ll find over 3,000 DIY and home projects & posts (and lots of exclamation points!!). More about us...\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How To Cut Your Man's Hair (Tips & Video) | Young House Love\\n\\nYoung House Love\\n\\nDIY Home Decorating Projects, Tutorials, & Shenanigans\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 | By Sherry Petersik | 635 Comments\\n\\n# How To Cut Your Man’s Hair (Tips & Video)\\n\\nLet’s talk about DIY haircuts, shall we?\\n\\nThis is one of those posts I never thought I’d write (it’s definitely not very\\nhome related) but due to a surprising amount of requests, here it is. I guess\\nanything that has to do with saving money and doing something yourself is fair\\ngame, right? I have no idea how I got into cutting people’s hair, but\\nthroughout high school and college I just played around, cutting off a guy’s\\nmullet here and giving my BFF a super short pixie cut there (all at my\\n“client’s” requests, of course). Why did they trust me? I have no idea. Maybe\\nI just have a trustworthy face? I most certainly don’t have any formal\\ntraining. I just sort of treat hair like I’d imagine I’d make a butter\\nsculpture. You just remove the extra stuff so you’re left with the shape you\\nwant. Confidence inspiring, huh? But a bunch of people actually noticed my\\nlatest work of haircut art on John’s head in party pictures yesterday, so...\\nscore! Haha.\\n\\nThe funny thing is that we realized I’ve been cutting John’s hair for seven\\nwhole years! And I’ve probably dished out 50+ other haircuts to other friends\\nand family members throughout the last ten years (why yes I have cut my\\nbrother in law’s hair in the backyard of John’s parents beach house). So take\\nthis post for what it is, one not-professional gal’s take on how she grooms\\nher man. An above the neck manscaping lesson if you will.\\n\\nBut since it’s extremely impossible to tell you how I cut John’s hair and a\\nlot more descriptive to just show you, we actually made a video, thanks to the\\nhelp of our handy little tripod. Look at that shaggy hair John had going on in\\nthis “setting up for the video” shot:\\n\\nIt’s amazing what a little at-home clippage can do. How YOU doin’ hubby?\\n\\nBut on with the video! Let’s get up close and personal with those light brown\\nlocks, shall we? Oh yes, and I have primer/paint all over my hands from\\nClara’s birthday dollhouse (more on that tomorrow).\\n\\nFor anyone who can’t watch the video with the sound on (mehaps you’re at\\nwork?) it’s actually still pretty easy to understand on mute (since you just\\nhave to see what my hands are doing to get the gist). And I’ve included a few\\nwritten tips in bullet form below, just to help anyone with a sucker on\\nstandby who’s ok with you experimenting on their head. I say that in the most\\nkind and loving way, since all of my friends and family who have let me go to\\ntown on their hair are pretty darn awesome. I actually haven’t had an oopsie\\nsince college (I went a little shorter than I meant to on a gal in dorms, but\\nshe totally had the bone structure to work it). Although now that I’ve made\\nthat claim I feel like I should knock on wood. Or John should, since he’d be\\nthe most likely person to have to walk around with a potential hair snafu if\\nit ever were to happen. Anyway, on with the tips:\\n\\n * I cut hair when it’s dry or very lightly misted with water because my experience when cutting wet hair has been that it “shrinks up” and is always shorter than I mean for it to be – which can lead to profuse apologies. Also hair that’s wet might not “lay” the way it does when it’s dry (ex: a cowlick might make itself known when hair’s dry and result in an uneven effect).\\n * I cut John’s hair at night after Clara’s off to bed so we can get ‘er done without distractions (no toddler running through the hair pile on the floor- which Burger thankfully avoids like the plague).\\n * I don’t use a buzzer and just shave John’s neck for him after the haircut with a regular shaving razor. That always makes things look nice and polished, and this way we don’t have to store a big hair buzzer (or pay for one).\\n * I use hair-cutting scissors that I got for like $5 from CVS. They don’t even have a brand name on them to pass along. Sorry!\\n\\n * I use my fingers to keep things even. For example, when I cut John’s hair I cut it one-finger-length from his scalp, so it all stays that length. I go a little longer on top – maybe two finger lengths (see the video for more on this).\\n * I always try to cut hair vertically (ex: parallel to John’s spine) – except for trimming the line around his neck – since it can look dorky and block-ish if you cut things horizontally (parallel to the shoulders). It’s really hard to explain in words, but the video makes this much more clear.\\n * I’m not a pro, so this isn’t real hairdresser scoop. Haha. I’m just a crazy girl with a penchant for pickles and cutting hair – so this is just what works for me (and John, my sweet hair-model hubby).\\n\\nOh and here’s an after pic from the back, since that might help you guys\\nvisualize it from that angle.\\n\\nHope that helps any DIY-haircutting-hopefuls out there! Does anyone else host\\nhaircuts at their house? The craziest thing is that I just calculated that we\\nhave probably saved at least $700 in the past seven years just by me cutting\\nJohn’s hair (not counting all the times that I cut my own hair or ask John to\\nsnip a straight line in the back when I need a little trim and can’t reach –\\nwhich might be an additional $500 in savings over the years). That’s a lot of\\ncheddar ceramic animals...\\n\\n### More posts from Young House Love\\n\\nFiled Under: Favorites, Saving Money, Videos\\n\\nStuff We Love\\n\\nReplacing An Old Bathroom Light\\n\\nHow To Build A Dollhouse (Part 1: Assembling It)\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Jess @ Little House. Big Heart. says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:27 pm\\n\\nKudos for you for being brave enough! There’s no way I’d ever be up to cutting\\nKev’s hair... I’d probably end up taking off an ear or something!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:39 pm\\n\\nHaha, believe it or not, I’ve never cut John (or anyone else I’ve cut hair\\nfor) but I usually cut myself. Just a little snip, like a paper cut. Haha.\\nSeems to be part of the routine by now. Haha.\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 2. Lesley@ChaoticallyCreative says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:27 pm\\n\\nSpeaking of haircuts. My hubby would never let me attempt one on him again. We\\njust won’t go there. But I would love to see a DIY on how to cut a 2 year old\\nchild’s hair while sleeping. Better yet while doing anything. Jude has had 3\\nhair cuts maybe 4 in his life. Some easy, some not so easy. But now at 2 he\\nwill sit and wait until it’s his turn and then that’s it he goes into full\\nfledge possessed demon mode. The last person I went to sat on the floor with\\nJude and I. She got one snip and then said I’m to scared I’m gonna cut him. So\\nbasically he can literally see out of one eye and his hair is beyond bad now.\\n(my boys have tons of hair and it grows fast) Any tips or suggestions would be\\ngreatly appreciated! Lesley\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:40 pm\\n\\nOh no, that’s rough! Is there an activity that he loves doing in his\\nhighchair? I would get him in there, all strapped in with the tray on, and\\ngive him whatever he loves (bubbles, play dough, you can even bring it outside\\nand do it there). Then hopefully he’ll be so into what you’re giving him that\\nhe’ll let you do your thing. That’s my only idea!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n * Tonya says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:20 pm\\n\\nMy son is the same way – we do popsicles! My hairstylist friend has until the\\nend of the popsicle to complete the haircut!\\n\\n * Kate says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:29 pm\\n\\nWhen my baby brother was that age (I was a teenager), we always cut his hair\\nwhile sleeping. We would usually get one side, and then put him down on the\\nother cheek the next night to get the other side. Haha.\\n\\nOf course, that was when you still used drop side cribs, so it was much easier\\nto reach.\\n\\n * Hayley says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:37 pm\\n\\nLesley, if you ever figure it out, let me know! My 18m old has had 2 haircuts,\\none by me, and one by my husband. Both were terrible! The very first one, we\\nwere at my parents’ house and we fed him chocolate (my parents keep those\\nhershey’s mineratures around all the time) and that did NOT work. When I tried\\nit, I basically chased him around his sister’s room and got a snip in here and\\nthere. He sees the scissors and freaks. Then hubby said I cut the ears too\\nshort. And his hair is curly to boot. Not ringlets curly, but definitely does\\nnot lay down. :) Fun with boys, right!\\n\\nby the by, my 3 year old daughter has yet to get a haircut, though that is\\nimpending, I’m sure. It is a nightmare to brush her hair.\\n\\n * Jenni says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:45 pm\\n\\nMy best friend’s mom, when I was a kid, used to run her fingers through her 2\\nyear old’s hair asking him if she could cut it, and he would always say no.\\nWhat he did not know is she was snipping those locks she was asking about as\\nshe touched his hair – it took about a week to cut his hair but he never\\nnoticed, and never had the meltdown a formal sit-down haircut would have\\ncaused.\\n\\n * alex says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 4:31 pm\\n\\nI know its not the best idea, but maybe before the hair cut commences, let him\\npick out a toy, special candy, new book so he knows its there and he\\nphysically sees it and explain that when he sits like a big boy through a hair\\ncut he can have it..and if he doesn’t, he doesn’t get it but he still knows\\nyou have it...and he can either be rewarded or not. Toddlers like a\\nchoice...and its funny because they can either choose the fun happy path. Or\\nthe disappointing, no reward for bad behavior path.\\n\\n * K (Barking Babymama) says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 5:07 pm\\n\\nWe always put on a movie for my 2-year-old (almost 3 now!) boy and strap him\\ninto a booster seat – and then I always have a 2nd person there to hold his\\nhead still in case he gets wiggly. I’ve also heard lollipops help? But I’m not\\nsure why because my son will still move his head around even if he has a\\nlollipop.\\n\\n * Lesley@ChaoticallyCreative says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 5:51 pm\\n\\nWow, thanks everyone for the tips. And thanks to you Sherri as well. Jude is a\\nreally big and strong two year old over 40lbs. He has long grown out of a high\\nchair and giving him treats etc. forget it. He couldn’t care less. But the\\ngood news is I snuck up during nap time and took some snips at his bangs and\\nat the very least he can see now. Beats getting charged for each individual\\ntime I keep attempting to go in and get his hair cut. We may have to try again\\nsoon when he gets older. Thanks again. Lesley\\n\\n * Natalie says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:08 pm\\n\\nWe have a chain called Cool Cuts for Kids here. They have movies and video\\ngames for the kids to play while they get their haircut (and cute cars for the\\nbabies/toddlers to sit in). It is a little pricey for a kids haircut ($17 I\\nthink) but they have coupons regularly. I took all my boys there when they\\nwere little. We only had a few incidents of kids crying through haircuts and\\nended up holding them in a chair while the stylist quickly did her thing. All\\nthree sit nicely for haircuts now.\\n\\n * Maureen says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:35 pm\\n\\nMy nephew was horrible with haircuts until a hairdresser suggested not using\\nthe word “cut”. Kids associate it with pain. He would sit quietly as long as\\nhe was getting his hair “trimmed” not “cut”\\n\\n 3. Devon @ Green House, Good Life says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:31 pm\\n\\nI’ve been cutting my husband’s hair since just before we were married (almost\\n10 years!). It does not go both ways, however. But I feel so smart not\\nspending all that money on haircuts!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\\n\\nI love hearing from the other hair-cutting ladies out there!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n * Devon @ Green House, Good Life says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:57 pm\\n\\nOh, forgot to mention — we always head outside for haircuts so there’s less\\nclean-up. (When we lived in a condo with a shared courtyard, he wouldn’t let\\nanyone see, so we were relegated to the bathtub, but now we get to enjoy the\\nsights and sounds of the backyard.)\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:10 pm\\n\\nThat’s fun! We have to try that – although it might be dark once the bean’s in\\nbed. Haha.\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 4. Rebecca says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:32 pm\\n\\nWhen do we get a tutorial on you cutting your own hair? That’s what I need to\\nsee! I always manage to have a little bit too long in the back and have to ask\\nmy husband to trim off for me.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:37 pm\\n\\nThat would be a comedy of errors. It’s me with wet hair from the shower\\nbrushing it all out and then begging John to cut it carefully straight across\\nthe back. Might have to see if I can catch that on film someday. Nothing fancy\\nabout it (no layers or anything). Haha.\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 5. Kim says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:32 pm\\n\\nI’ve never been trained in doing hair or anything, but after my husband and I\\ngot married he asked for me to cut his hair. It took a few tries to get use to\\nand get it just right, but now I’ve been doing them for 5 years. I can’t even\\nimagine how much money we have saved over the years. Within the past few\\nmonths my husband has wanted a different try of hair style that I’m still\\ntrying to perfect but now I’m thinking about starting to do my own hair. I’ve\\ntrimmed my own bangs for years and cut split ends when I’m bored in the\\noffice. So how hard can it be. I keep a pretty simple long hair style so maybe\\nI won’t be so bad. I’ll let you know how it goes.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\\n\\nAw, I love that you cut your man’s hair and trim your own bangs! Keep me\\nposted how your own self-cut goes! Mine is pretty basic, so I hope yours is\\neasy too!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 6. Maureen @ This (Kinda) Old House says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:34 pm\\n\\nGeez, is there nothing that $herdog can’t do? :) His hair looks great! I think\\nit’s nice to show all sorts of things on here; I think people really look to\\nyou guys on how to simplify things in their lives and save money. I know I do.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:35 pm\\n\\nAw thanks Maureen! There was definitely a learning curve! It used to take me\\nsoooo long to cut his hair (like an hour!) but over time I’ve gotten faster.\\nHaha.\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 7. April says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:34 pm\\n\\nGood for you guys! I totally cut my hubby’s hair too. A number one all around\\nand then a clean up around the ears and neck with the guard off. I’ve only had\\nan oops once...the day of my company’s Christmas party (of course). Poor guy\\nlooked like he was ready for basic training. For us it’s nice to save the\\nmoolah, but also the convenience factor rocks. We’ve got an 18 month old and\\nthis way my hubby is never over-due for a trim. Like you guys, we do our cuts\\nafter our little one is down for the night. I’ve cut his hair in the back yard\\nat midnight in the winter since I’m such a clean freak and well, you gotta do\\nwhat you gotta do when you’ve got a little person in your life. We splurged on\\na barber’s cape from Amazon since the hubby can’t stand getting hair down his\\nneck. :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:41 pm\\n\\nHaha, too funny about the backyard in the winter at midnight! I love that you\\nhave a fancy cape like a pro!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 8. VickiP says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:35 pm\\n\\nWell, that is awesome. I have a husband and two sons, and that’s a lot of\\nhaircuts I’ve been wanting to tackle myself. I’ve experimented on my three\\nyear old, but it takes multiple cookies and episodes of Fraggle Rock to get\\nhim to cooperate. Your video was much easier to follow that what I’ve found on\\nYouTube, so Thanks a Ton!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\\n\\nAw, so glad!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 9. Morgan says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:36 pm\\n\\nhttp://livingyoungwildfree.wordpress.com/2012/04/18/what-i-gave-up-to-save-\\nmoney-bang-cuts/\\n\\nI cut my own bangs! The tutorial is above. Just curious...do you cut your own\\nhair, too? And how do you do it? Just throw it over the front of your\\nshoulders? lol. My hair is getting knotty. Thanks Sherry!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:44 pm\\n\\nLove the bang cuts! I just brush it all out in the back (all over my shoulders\\non my back) and beg John to try snipping a straight line (no layers or\\nanything fancy) and sometimes troll youtube for a tutorial that might involve\\nlight layers (like pushing it over your shoulders and cutting it in front or\\nwhile gathered in pigtails, etc). I only get brave like that when it’s really\\nlong and I know I can de-layer it if it’s too crazy by just going shorter and\\nmore blunt.\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 10. heather says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:36 pm\\n\\nI’ve been trying to let my husband let me cut his hair for years but haha that\\nwon’t be happening (he won’t even let me buzz his neck, he must know my\\npenchant for clumsiness). That said, I used to cut my friends hair in\\nhighschool, and then in college I did a few cuts, some highlights, buzzed the\\nguys hair a bunch, cut my own bangs, etc. I wish the boy would let me cut his\\nhair. Then again, he only pays like $15 to a barber and goes a while in\\nbetween haha.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 11. Kate says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\\n\\n“Above the neck manscaping lesson” !!! Oh Sherry, you kill me. I love when you\\nguys get a bit saucy.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 12. Katie says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:41 pm\\n\\nMy husband has the same talent! He actually cuts his own hair and that of his\\nmale family members, friends and friends’ kids. We’ve been known to go over to\\npeople’s houses so he can provide haircuts and they usually provide us dinner\\nin exchange, haha. Just like you, it’s a talent he happened to discover—no\\nformal training. I wish he would cut my hair too but I think he’s a little\\nterrified since he’s only worked with the dudes, but if John can handle the\\nstraight-line-across-the-back trim, it shouldn’t be that big of a deal!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\\n\\nHaha, that’s so funny! I love hearing about a hubby with haircutting skillz!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n * Alissa says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:03 pm\\n\\nWhen my hair was short I used to cut it regularly to save all those trips to\\nthe hairdresser, but I no longer have a bathroom where I can set up mirrors to\\nsee the back of my head. Living the long-and-pony-tailed lifestyle now.\\n\\nI have a friend who cuts his own hair, too, and without any mirrors to see the\\nback! I was super impressed; he does such a great job!\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:07 pm\\n\\nWow- that’s awesome!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n * Lisa says\\n\\nJune 6, 2012 at 10:40 am\\n\\nKatie: You should definitely talk your husband into cutting your hair. It must\\nbe much easier to cut long hair, so if he’s good with short, I’m sure he’ll do\\nwell. I recently went from long hair to short, in stages. I made my husband\\ncut it, and he was literally shaking, but it looked fine even the first time\\n(I was a little scared when I felt his hands and the scissors tremble against\\nmy back- but hey, it’s only hair!). Now I might make him watch this video, and\\nthen sort me out a nice pixie look (He just started a new job this week, so\\nNOT the time for me to go trial-and-error on his hair...\\n\\n 13. Amanda says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\\n\\nI don’t know, guys, usually I am right there with you, but I like the before\\nbetter. He needed a shape-up, but the before gives him a shaggy Brad Pitt kind\\nof look.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:43 pm\\n\\nHaha, oh yeah, the long hair vs. short hair debate is one for the ages!\\nPersonally John likes it short and I think he’s a hottie when it’s freshly\\nshorn. But to each his own!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n * Andrew says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:14 pm\\n\\nIt’s funny that Amanda says John’s before picture reminds her of a shaggy Brad\\nPitt. I actually thought he just resembled Shaggy from Scooby Doo – and that’s\\nNOT a bad thing, although the inner dialog in my head is now saying...”Raggy?\\nRooby Roo needs Rooby snacks!”.\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 9:28 pm\\n\\nHahaha, too funny!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 14. Melanie@MailboxJourney says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\\n\\nNice job Sherry! I buzz my boyfriend’s head, but that’s about it.\\n\\nP.S. John looks super different when he’s photographed from the side – weird!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Ashleigh says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:10 pm\\n\\nWAY different. I keep looking at the picture to determine if it was a magazine\\nphoto because it just does not look like John. :-)\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:20 pm\\n\\nHaha- that’s so funny. I wonder if it’s just that you guys are used to seeing\\nhim straight on in pics on the ol’ blog? Our relatives and friends see us in\\n3D so we must look different than face-on blog pics, haha. So much that side\\nones look funny I guess!\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\n 15. gia says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:43 pm\\n\\nI think his hair looks great, but have to be honest, I was getting sweaty\\npalms just watching this video! I don’t think I would trust myself cutting\\nsomeone else’s hair. I can’t even manage to trim my almost 2 year olds bangs.\\nI just take her to my hairdresser for a bang trim every 2 months! haha\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * YoungHouseLove says\\n\\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:46 pm\\n\\nHaha, you’re lucky you have a 2 year old with so much hair! Clara has yet to\\nneed anything other than the occasional mullet cut. Haha.\\n\\nxo, s\\n\\nNewer Comments »\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nHey, we’re John & Sherry. We’ve fixed up 3 homes, had 2 kids, written books,\\ndesigned products, and eaten countless tacos. Here you’ll find over 3,000 DIY\\nand home projects & posts (and lots of exclamation points!!). More about us...\\n\\n#### Latest Finds\\n\\n#### Our Favorite Videos\\n\\n#### OUR PAINT COLORS & SOURCES\\n\\n#### Favorite Topics\\n\\n * Decorating\\n * Cleaning & Organizing\\n * Saving Money\\n * Home Improvement\\n * Painting\\n * Crafting & Art\\n * Furniture Upgrades\\n * Kids & Pets\\n\\n#### We’re Digging\\n\\nSmall-Scale Subway\\n\\nFavorite Jeans\\n\\nCurrent Sheets (Love!)\\n\\nPatterned Turkish Rug\\n\\nOur Kitchen Hardware\\n\\nSilver Rug\\n\\nOur Kitchen Stools\\n\\nSoft Striped Rug\\n\\nSEE MORE OF OUR FAVORITE FINDS > >\\n\\n#### SHOP OUR PRODUCTS\\n\\n**This sidebar contains ads and affiliate links**\\n\\n#### follow us on instagram\\n\\n© 2017 Young House Love ® · Fun Genesis WordPress Theme (AFF) · Hosted by\\nLiquid Web (AFF)\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512145721/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Trim Your Own Hair\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It isn’t cheap or convenient to go to the barbershop every few weeks, so if you’re in need of a quick trim, consider taking matters into your own hands. Michael Gilman, who founded the upscale salon and shop Grooming Lounge in Washington, D.C., says an at-home trim is an option if you’re “feeling adventurous,” but it will require more than just quality clippers (he recommends Wahl’s Professional 8355). Here are Gilman’s tips to at-home hair maintenance.\",\n \"Buy the right tools: If you’re not a professional, scissors can be a recipe for disaster, Gilman says. Buy clippers with guards of varying lengths, and remember that the first guard should be the largest. It’s okay to be conservative. If you find that you haven’t trimmed quite enough after the first round, continue using a small guard and work your way down slowly.\",\n \"Do it dry: For best results, wash and dry your hair before you start snipping – and not just towel-dried, but all-the-way dry. It’s tricky to use clippers on wet hair, and it’s also easier for beginners to measure their progress throughout the trim. “You can kind of see results in real-time as you go,” Gilman says.\",\n \"Divide hair into sections: Break your hair into sections and tackle them one by one. Gilman recommends beginning with the bottom of the head. For a standard length, use the same guard length all over the head. Keep the teeth of guard facing upward, and try to apply equal amounts of pressure during every pass.\",\n \"Taper with care: Trimming the hair on the back of your head can be tough, especially when it comes to layering by the neckline. “This is tapering, and it’s pretty crucial,” Gilman says. “If you don’t taper enough, you’ll wind up with a bowl cut, but if you go up too high, it’ll start to look like you have two neck lines or something.” Start by stamping out a straight, short line where the hair meets the neck. Work out to the sides to keep it balanced, and trim less aggressively as you move up.\",\n \"Check the back: Bring a hand-held mirror into the bathroom (or any room with a large mirror) to verify that the trim is even. If it’s splotchy, guard up and go over the uneven areas slowly.\",\n \"Keep it simple: When it’s time to cut off more than an inch or so, leave it to the professionals. “D-I-Y haircuts are fine for general upkeep, but don’t go crazy,” he says. “It will only end badly.”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Trim Your Own Hair - Men's Journal\\n\\nMen's Journal\\n\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * This link opens in a new window\\n * Open Comments\\n\\nHealth & Fitness\\n\\n# How to Trim Your Own Hair\\n\\nAlex Galmeanu / Getty Images\\n\\nby Andrea Kasprzak\\n\\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\\n\\nIt isn’t cheap or convenient to go to the barbershop every few weeks, so if\\nyou’re in need of a quick trim, consider taking matters into your own hands.\\nMichael Gilman, who founded the upscale salon and shop Grooming Lounge in\\nWashington, D.C., says an at-home trim is an option if you’re “feeling\\nadventurous,” but it will require more than just quality clippers (he\\nrecommends Wahl’s Professional 8355). Here are Gilman’s tips to at-home hair\\nmaintenance.\\n\\nBuy the right tools: If you’re not a professional, scissors can be a recipe\\nfor disaster, Gilman says. Buy clippers with guards of varying lengths, and\\nremember that the first guard should be the largest. It’s okay to be\\nconservative. If you find that you haven’t trimmed quite enough after the\\nfirst round, continue using a small guard and work your way down slowly.\\n\\nDo it dry: For best results, wash and dry your hair before you start snipping\\n– and not just towel-dried, but all-the-way dry. It’s tricky to use clippers\\non wet hair, and it’s also easier for beginners to measure their progress\\nthroughout the trim. “You can kind of see results in real-time as you go,”\\nGilman says.\\n\\nDivide hair into sections: Break your hair into sections and tackle them one\\nby one. Gilman recommends beginning with the bottom of the head. For a\\nstandard length, use the same guard length all over the head. Keep the teeth\\nof guard facing upward, and try to apply equal amounts of pressure during\\nevery pass.\\n\\nTaper with care: Trimming the hair on the back of your head can be tough,\\nespecially when it comes to layering by the neckline. “This is tapering, and\\nit’s pretty crucial,” Gilman says. “If you don’t taper enough, you’ll wind up\\nwith a bowl cut, but if you go up too high, it’ll start to look like you have\\ntwo neck lines or something.” Start by stamping out a straight, short line\\nwhere the hair meets the neck. Work out to the sides to keep it balanced, and\\ntrim less aggressively as you move up.\\n\\nCheck the back: Bring a hand-held mirror into the bathroom (or any room with a\\nlarge mirror) to verify that the trim is even. If it’s splotchy, guard up and\\ngo over the uneven areas slowly.\\n\\nKeep it simple: When it’s time to cut off more than an inch or so, leave it to\\nthe professionals. “D-I-Y haircuts are fine for general upkeep, but don’t go\\ncrazy,” he says. “It will only end badly.”\\n\\nFor access to exclusive gear videos, celebrity interviews, and more, subscribe\\non YouTube!\\n\\n### More News\\n\\nGet Clean Water Wherever You Go With The LifeStraw Water BottleSpring Camping\\nGear For Every AdventureJohn Mulaney Returns to Stand-Up With Revealing Set\\nAbout Getting SoberNew Vaccine Could Stop Future CoronavirusesThe Most\\nVersatile Barbells for Home WorkoutsStay Cool All Summer Long With Clothing\\nFrom Arctic Cool\\n\\nAll Stories\\n\\n### More Videos\\n\\nThe MJ5: Tony Hawk on His Favorite Gear, Why He Always Carries His Board, and\\nMore\\n\\nHere's the Difference Between Bourbon and Whiskey\\n\\nYoung Guns and a Supercharged Catamaran: U.S. SailGP Team Takes on New York\\nCity\\n\\nMore from Health & Fitness\\n\\n * John Mulaney Returns to Stand-Up With Revealing Set About Getting Sober\\n * New Vaccine Could Stop Future Coronaviruses\\n * The Best Lubricants For Women To Enjoy\\n * The 7 Best Pre Workout Supplements Of 2021 Tested & Reviewed\\n * The Best Stamina-Boosting Supplements For Men\\n * Want To Fix Bad Credit? These Are The Best Credit Repair Companies That Can Help\\n * Best Hookup Sites For Casual Dating & Flings Tonight\\n * Best Natural Nootropics To Unleash More Brain Power Without A Prescription\\n * The Best Keto Supplements To Maintain Ketosis And Steady Weight Loss\\n\\n## Want more?\\n\\nSign up for our newsletter to get the latest adventures, workouts,\\ndestinations, and more.\\n\\nYou have successfully signed up.\\n\\nMen’s Journal has affiliate partnerships so we may receive compensation for\\nsome links to products and services.\\n\\nManage Cookies\\n\\nA360 Media Active Lifestyle Group\\n\\n© A360 Media LLC 2021\\n\\nPowered by WordPress VIP\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-cut-your-own-hair/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307025406/https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-cut-your-own-hair/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Cut your Own Hair\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"You wake up. Look in the mirror every 4 weeks or so. And say to yourself, “You know, I’m starting to look a little scraggly. I should probably get in for a haircut today”.\",\n \"So you get in your car, drive 15 minutes or so to the friendly national franchised hair cutting chain conglomerate. The parking lot is busy – guess what? It’s Saturday, and everyone is running their errands after the week-long work grind. So you wait 5 minutes for someone to leave and then whip in to the parking lot before the ambitious chatch in a SUV tries to cut you off. You squeeze in just ahead of him, but narrowly missed a dented bumper.\",\n \"You walk in. The place is packed. So you put your name in as “Harry McCutterston” to amuse yourself, but the receptionist has no sense of humor. There’s no wifi, so you settle in and pick up a 2 year old copy of Good Housekeeping and wait in the lobby for an hour, before they gloriously call “Harry McCutterston”. You expect the place to break out in laughter, but crickets and some annoyed looks is all you get.\",\n \"Sadly, it’s not your favorite hairdresser. She’s busy. She always is. But the new guy is open! You’re sick of waiting, and you don’t want to hurt the new dresser’s feelings, so you decide to roll the dice.\",\n \"You go to sit down and notice that the chair has a clump of wet hair on it. You hope the hairdresser notices and wipes it off. He doesn’t. You’d rather the hair touch your pants than your hands, so you make the plunge.\",\n \"Awkward hair and sports small talk ensues and then you meticulously explain every little detail of what you were hoping to get accomplished, on top of your noggin. All the while, you’re secretly worried he is going to screw up. And he does. Not much, but just enough for you to personally be annoyed and for your friends to take notice and say, “Hey, did you cut your hair differently?”. Jerks.\",\n \"Now the fun part. You’ve not only got to pay them (really, you’re paying the franchise owner, and the hairdresser gets a fraction of the cut) in the upwards of $20-30, but then you also need to tip the hairdresser... what, 20%? Is that enough? I don’t know... awkward. You walk out, realizing that to trim the follicles that grow out of the skin that covers your skull, you just paid enough to feed a starving west African family for 2 months or save the life of a few kittens. Sarah Mclachlan and lonely old dogs start going through your head. You feel guilty and sad.\",\n \"THEN, in the car ride home, you almost hit a kid chasing after a soccer ball into the street. You fill up the gas tank for the weekly commute – there goes another $50. And by the time you actually pull in to the driveway, your damn hair is already a tad bit longer than when you left the shop! And it never stops growing! And it won’t, for the next 50-80 years.\",\n \"If any of this story sounds painfully familiar, it is time to learn how to cut your own hair. NOW.\",\n \"After I started paying for my own haircuts, I woke up one day, while I was still in high school, and said to myself, “You know what? I can do it better than they can!”.\",\n \"So I went out and bought myself a clipper set. At the time, I think it was $40-50. Here, we are, closing in on two decades later, and some of the best- selling sets on Amazon are going for $30 and $80 (I ended up recently upgrading to a Wahl Self-Cutting Clipper for $42 and absolutely love it). In other words, you can cut your hair, for the next decade+ for the cost of one single paid haircut! You really don’t need to spend any more than this. I’m on my second set of clippers after almost two decades, and neither cost more than this.\",\n \"Want to learn how to cut your own hair? The process is simple (for guys). Here’s how I do it:\",\n \"Charge clipper while I wash my hair (I don’t even charge myself extra for that privilege). I lightly dry my hair, leaving it a bit damp, as I’ve found that damp/wet hair cuts more easily than dry.\",\n \"Put on the blade attachment. It’s the same one every time. It is labeled as #2 – and it cuts my hair to about 1/4 in. in length, but you can go shorter/longer with your preference.\",\n \"I cut my hair. Since it’s one fixed length, I just go over my entire head a few times until it looks nicely trimmed.\",\n \"Then, using a safety razor, and a handheld mirror to get a reflection from a wall mirror, I shave the back of my neck and cut a straight hair line. Sounds complicated, but after 1-2 attempts, you’ll be a pro.\",\n \"As for maintenance, I make sure all of the hair is out of the clipper and every few months I’ll oil the blades with some blade oil.\",\n \"I know guys who pay a lot more than $25 to get their hair cut by others, but lets assume $25 as a starting point.\",\n \"If we assume 3% inflation, and post tax dollars which could have been put in a Roth IRA, the lifetime investment opportunity cost of haircuts over the next 70 years at the following rates of return would be (using the AARP investment return calculator):\",\n \"And the great irony is that your hair won’t be any shorter after those 70 years (though there may be less of it).\",\n \"Sure, you may have to buy your own clipper set for $20-40 every decade or so, but that will only cost you about 0.5% – 1% of the cost of the haircuts. Your real savings are about 99-99.5% if you learn how to cut your own hair.\",\n \"The comfort and satisfaction that comes with knowing you have taken one step closer to financial independence and self sustainability.\",\n \"Learning how to cut your own hair is intensely rewarding. If you’ve been afraid to do so, it’s time to take that leap.\",\n \"This post was primarily geared towards the male audience and those who prefer shorter hair styles. I’d really love to see how those with longer hair styles have learned to cut their own hair or have others help them do it.\",\n \"I’ve been cutting my husband’s hair for a couple years now and it’s actually a fun way for us to spend time together and joke around. He actually looks a lot better now because we’ll cut it at home way more often than he used to go get it cut professionally (once every 9 months?).\",\n \"I’ve been cutting my own hair in an almost identical manner as that which you described for about 10 years. Saves money and time. It fact, it’s getting long. I’m going to go cut it.\",\n \"I’ve been cutting my family’s hair for about three years now. It started when I had a baby and started cutting his hair. After a few of these cuts I got confident enough to cut my husband’s hair. Around this same time I started growing my own hair out so that I could cut it myself as well. For my husband and son I just do the standard male short cut with scissors. I cut it all the same length (I use three fingers as a guide) except for a little longer at the front. Then I trim around the ears and sideburns. Finally I taper the nape and then clean up with clippers. It looks as good as many cheap haircuts we’ve paid for and no-one has ever noticed that it is a home hair cut. The hardest part was getting the bravery to do it the first time. However, we reasoned that if I made a serious error, we would just have to go to the barber to get it fixed without any real loss. I’ve never messed up that bad. Minor uneven- ness is sometimes found a day or two later and I do a quick touch up straighten it out. My scissors cost $22. I forget the cost of the clippers, but they were probably $30ish. The Tightwad Gazette (book form) has instructions for cutting hair that are essentially identical to what I do. Also, it’s important to cut front to back across the top of the head and vertically around the back and sides or the hair will look chopped.\",\n \"For my own hair I had to grow it out long in order to cut it. I use a very simple technique to layer it. I still haven’t found the perfect method and I’m still experimenting, but basically you carefully comb all your hair to a point along the center line of your hair and secure it with a hair band. You then cut and texture. There are variations where you pull out to the sides as well so that you don’t get a V shape in the back. Check out you tube for instructional videos on DIY layered cut.\",\n \"I started laughing when I saw the title because I came to the same realization this year. I am a 26 yr old black woman with mid-length curly hair. I wanted a new look and after waiting for a Groupon deal from one of the local salons, I got impatient and purchased $15 scissors and gave myself a new bob.\",\n \"It’s been great and I love getting compliments about my hair even more now. I typically have to fix a few mishaps that I notice a day after but it’s all part of the learning experience.\",\n \"1. $25+ is a lot for a haircut. I pay around $15 or so. Less if I have coupons. 2. In your example, the hair dresser was male. It just stood out to me because I have had exactly one hair cut by a dude in my life. I suppose it depends on where you are. California? In Toronto, male hair dressers are not a thing. At least not in the major chains.\",\n \"Great idea though. I’m losing my hair quickly so soon it will be very easy to cut my own (a very good and very bad thing).\",\n \"I don’t cut my own hair but I will starting this month! Mine is easy anyway and I spend $30/month on getting a quick haircut. Thanks for the advice, you’ve saved me tons of money.\",\n \"I can’t believe I am not the only one cutting my own hair! I have long hair and I’ve been mostly cutting it myself. My mom cuts her own hair too. If your hair is wavy, then it’s super easy. Nobody can even tell if it isn’t perfectly even.\",\n \"Not to brag, but Im damn good at cutting my own hair. Probably stems from the fact that as the oldest of three boys we’ve been cutting each others hair since Jr High and saved a ton. I’m now in my thirties and after several attempts at going to the “Pros” and getting really upset at having to pay for terrible haircuts (I’ve the straightest hair in the world which is not forgiving to errors) I’ve decided never to go back. Currently my haircuts are fairly elaborate (longer on top, parted on the side and faded on the sides and back).\",\n \"G.E., for a long time I was doing the buzz cut as well, and theres a couple of things I’d like to comment on that may make things even easier for you. One, you dont have to wash your hair before hand, in your case its so short it doesnt matter. Second I also found that with buzz cuts, if you cut it slightly longer it actually lasts longer before it starts looking scraggly. I start off with a #5 or #6 on top. then fade the sides progressively from #2 to #4, last the very edges on the bottom with #1. Ive found this way one can go up to 6 weeks and still look acceptable. Hope this helps\",\n \"Great post! I am very proud to say that I cut my own hair while being nearsighted (challenging but doable.) Of course, these was after watching lots of Youtube videos. I read that you cut your damp hair with clippers. I am a bit confuse. I have read and heard from various sources that clippers are only to be use on dry hair in order to prolong the clipper’s age. Of course I could be wrong.\",\n \"* G.E. Miller\\nI oil the blades every time, which results in no rusting (visible, at least). I suppose you could cut dry to extend the life, but it doesn’t cut as easily.\",\n \"I agree doing it at home is much easier. At first people thought I was crazy to let my then boyfriend give me a haircut, but years later as my husband, he still does a great job. I prefer to just tell him I want a trim this weekend and he does it for me, rather the time, hassle and expense of the salon. He uses the proper tools, he has the pro grade shears, hair clips, rat tail comb for sectioning and he sets me on the stool and capes me, to do my haircuts. I like knowing I don’t have worry about having him cut it too short or giving me a bad haircut. Saves me hundreds a year and I would not anyone else touching my hair, he has me spoiled.\",\n \"We started giving my boys their haircuts at home after each received absolutely horrible haircuts at a chain from a “professional” barber. He left steps cut into the sides and he went higher on one side that the other on both haircuts and then hid his sloppiness with gel. Once I got them home to wash to itchy hairs off that got down their necks, I could see what bad haircuts they were. I researched online and bought a mid line quality set of Wahl clippers as the reviews said the cheapest sets are noisy and heat up quickly because of lower quality motors as well as not cutting as well and it was worth the price for a better unit that will last a decade or more. I watched YouTube videos with my then fiancée and waited until school was out to give the boys their haircuts. My guy coached me on technique as he used clippers to trim his own beard. I got nervous and had him take over when it came to the scissors over comb part on the top. He nicely blended the longer hair with the shorter hair on the sides without leaving steps. We did the same with my older son and both were happy with the results. My mom fawned over how handsome they looked and said it was about time I took them to get a decent haircut. She was surprised we did them at home and she said they looked neatly groomed and that it will save us a lot of money. Next time my boys said no, they did not want me to cut their hair, that they wanted my guy to do them. I was fired, but I figure that I save several hundred dollars by having him do them, he does mine as well which save me hundreds as well. My best friend was visiting when Inwas getting a trim, watched, complimented my hubby’s handiwork and asked him to cut hers. My mom got a bad haircut at her salon and grumbled that my hubby could have done a better job and it wouldn’t have cot her $60. Mind you you she thought him barbering the boys was great, but cutting mine was a horrible idea as she felt it was controlling. I agreed, I was in control of how my hair was being cut, not the stylist who did what she wanted. She was visiting when hubby was giving the boys their haircuts and mentioned she needed a trim. I joked for her to take a seat, she was next. And she did! She told him scissors only, no clippers. He assured her he would only use scissors and got out the cape he uses when he cuts mine. He asked her how much she wanted off, she was confused with numbers and he held up his hand and asked how many fingers worth. She said the pinkie and ring finger and he said ok. He combed out her hair, sectioned it and trimmed it so it was just grazing her shoulders as she asked. When he finished she asked for a mirror and then checked it out in the bathroom mirror. She smiled said thank you and she loved the price..FREE, with no wonky salon screw up or the expense. My hubby is very good with power and hand tools, so I guess he just gets it. Not everyone is and I admit I have seen some absolutely horrible attempts at home haircuts and the woman was bragging about doing them (she was one of those people who should not be allowed near shears or clippers ) and I have seen too many friends, coworkers and acquaintances that have gotten terrible chop jobs at the salon. I wonder how they got a license, but hey I see terrible drivers and wonder how they got their license as well.\",\n \"I’m embarrassed for all of you who cut your own hair. It’s very easy to notice who does and who doesn’t. Yes, there are a large number of bad hair stylists out there and you don’t always get what you pay for. However, if you’re hirig someone to do something for you, like paint your house, pick out clothes for you to buy, and yes, cut your hair, you interview them. You check them out before putting yourself in their hands. The best cutters in the world spend years honing their skills, learn to apply the rules of architecture to building a structure out of the organic fabric that grows from your scalp, and are worth every penny.\",\n \"We paint our own house, I pick out my own clothes, we raise fruits and vegetables, chickens, cut firewood, change our own oil in our cars, do our own yard work, fix plumbing and my husband cuts my hair and my children’s hair. He does an excellent job, I get compliments on my hair and on my children’s haircuts, and I get asked where we had them done. It seems there is such a high turnover of stylists in the hair business and finding one that will listen and do as you ask is rarer than hens teeth. He has fixed bad salon haircuts for friends of mine and my best friend will only let him cut her hair now. It’s just not worth the time, expense or hassle to go to the barbershop or salon when I get better results at home. There are people who take charge of their lives, do things for themselves, and take pride in not having to rely on someone else to do something for them as they are incapable of doing it for themselves. I admire these strong people and respect their work ethic. And then there are so who cannot, they whine and complain about those who can. It is very unbecoming of them, they need to grow up and take responsibility for their own life.\",\n \"I have been cutting my husbands hair ever since he and I moved to Louisiana... more than 40 years ago. His hair is now balding and gray, but once or twice, when I was on a trip, he paid to have it cut by a pro. When someone begins losing their hair, a bad haircut is more obvious. I also now either cut my own hair, and sometimes , when I am in either Seattle or Virginia, I will pay someone to cut my hair. Also, I use professional scissors etc.- I’m sure that I have saved us thousands of dollars over many years. Also, we all have had bad experiences with pros. When my Mom was with us, I also used to cut her hair. I’m thankful to know that there are many others who are sick of ridiculous prices for a woman’s cut... and many salons do charge 20 for a mans cut, but double or triple to cut a woman’s hair.\",\n \"My mother always took me to the salon from when I was a very young child and because my mother had no skills doing hair, she had hers cut in a butch style, now called a pixie and she went through phases where we were given boy short haircuts and she also allowed us to grow our hair until she got frustrated trying to brush our hair, then it all was cut off short. I always thought of a visit to the salon with dread. My cousin had long hair and my aunt who also had long hair, would comb and braid it for her. I wanted long hair but was not allowed to until I was 16. Even then salon visits that were not to my mother’s salon still left me dissatisfied. I got the opportunity to grow my hair when I met my husband. He took over doing my hair and it grew out. I have not paid for a haircut since. I know some cringe and others cheer, but having your hair cut at home by a family member or a friend is a significant savings. Some people have a talent for giving good haircuts, others should not be allowed to touch a pair of shears or clippers. Sadly I have met too many “licensed professionals” that fit in the second group. So if you have a family member or friend who gives a good haircut, all the better for you. I think people who criticize home haircuts are just upset because they spent too much money to get a license and make the same as fast food workers.\",\n \"My mom’s been cutting my hair forever – it looks really nice. She buzzed it when we were young (didn’t like that too much but didn’t care that much either). Only partially buzzed with the rest cut now but its one of the few things she can still do for me, which she likes – like a present, which it is. Now she’s getting old – near 90, so I guess I’ll have to cut my own hair. Just fyi, I moved out when I was about 21 but in the same city. Thanks for writing about it to encourage all of us.\",\n \"Your mother has saved you thousands over the years giving you free haircuts. It is great that she has been able to do it for you and that she has done such a great job. There are people that just seem to have a natural talent for it and others who should not touch a pair of shears or clippers. I was in Wal- Mart the other day and a woman complimented my hair which was in a dutch braid. I informed her that my husband had done it for me. She was impressed with his work and thought it was great that he could do it for me. I mentioned that I have him trim my hair for me as well. Her hair was longer than mine and she mentioned her mother was a hairdresser and she learned to cut her brother’s hair and her two sister’s as well. She trims her own as neither of her sisters are very good with the shears and she doesn’t trust either of them, and she doesn’t trust going to the salon as they would chop her hair off too short. She went once, got a bad haircut that left her hair poofing out like a Christmas tree and then refused to ever go again. She said she rarely wears her hair down, she usually wears her hair up in a bun for work and when she is doing chores around the house, she can put it in a three strand braid, but that is it. So I would say it is great having a family member that can do your hair for you and save you a lot of money.\",\n \"I bought this same clipper set. I have too say its the best thing ive bought in along time. Really worth the money. Ive been cutting my own hair now for a year and I’ll never go back to the barber. Saved me a ton of cash. Great article.\",\n \"Buying a good set of clippers is definitely a great investment. Wahl is a good brand that makes quality clippers that can last for years with proper maintenance. So I would agree that it is worth the money not to buy the cheapest on the shelf. A few months ago, a coworker of mine who has three boys was asking about how we do haircuts at home as she was looking to save money. She stopped by to visit as hubby was giving my boys their monthly haircuts to see how he does them. She watched intently and asked a number of questions as she watched. She felt it was something that she could do and we made a trip to Sally’s with her to get her the tools and supplies she needed. She bought a set of Wahl Designer clippers and peanut clippers combo that were on sale. It was a great price. She bought a good set of shears, combs, a couple capes, a can of clippercide and neck strips. She spent about $150 in total. With three boys ages 7, 9 and 12, at $15 a haircut plus transportation costs, it will be over $600 she will save the first year. Her husband is onboard with the idea, and when she gets comfortable doing haircuts with a little practice on the boys, he said he would let her cut his, so that is hundreds more a year. Hubby coached her on giving her boys their haircuts, helped her some, but overall she did really well. She used larger # clipper attachments to allow wiggle room to be fixed if needed, next time she will go shorter, once she feels comfortable getting the technique down, but with three boys, she will get plenty of practice. I asked her if she was going to have her husband cut her hair for her, but she said that was something she wasn’t ready to try yet. She was sure that her husband would be very reluctant to, and she was definitely not ready to let him do it. Given the current situation of the barbershops and salons being closed, she can still do haircuts for her boys and we ladies can go longer between haircuts.\",\n \"This site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered financial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific situation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies mentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Cut your Own Hair\\n\\nMenu\\n\\n# How to Cut your Own Hair (& Save Millions)\\n\\nLast updated: December 28, 2018 G.E. Miller 21 Comments\\n\\n## The Haircut Story:\\n\\nYou wake up. Look in the mirror every 4 weeks or so. And say to yourself, “You\\nknow, I’m starting to look a little scraggly. I should probably get in for a\\nhaircut today”.\\n\\nSo you get in your car, drive 15 minutes or so to the friendly national\\nfranchised hair cutting chain conglomerate. The parking lot is busy – guess\\nwhat? It’s Saturday, and everyone is running their errands after the week-long\\nwork grind. So you wait 5 minutes for someone to leave and then whip in to the\\nparking lot before the ambitious chatch in a SUV tries to cut you off. You\\nsqueeze in just ahead of him, but narrowly missed a dented bumper.\\n\\nYou walk in. The place is packed. So you put your name in as “Harry\\nMcCutterston” to amuse yourself, but the receptionist has no sense of humor.\\nThere’s no wifi, so you settle in and pick up a 2 year old copy of Good\\nHousekeeping and wait in the lobby for an hour, before they gloriously call\\n“Harry McCutterston”. You expect the place to break out in laughter, but\\ncrickets and some annoyed looks is all you get.\\n\\nSadly, it’s not your favorite hairdresser. She’s busy. She always is. But the\\nnew guy is open! You’re sick of waiting, and you don’t want to hurt the new\\ndresser’s feelings, so you decide to roll the dice.\\n\\nYou go to sit down and notice that the chair has a clump of wet hair on it.\\nYou hope the hairdresser notices and wipes it off. He doesn’t. You’d rather\\nthe hair touch your pants than your hands, so you make the plunge.\\n\\nAwkward hair and sports small talk ensues and then you meticulously explain\\nevery little detail of what you were hoping to get accomplished, on top of\\nyour noggin. All the while, you’re secretly worried he is going to screw up.\\nAnd he does. Not much, but just enough for you to personally be annoyed and\\nfor your friends to take notice and say, “Hey, did you cut your hair\\ndifferently?”. Jerks.\\n\\nNow the fun part. You’ve not only got to pay them (really, you’re paying the\\nfranchise owner, and the hairdresser gets a fraction of the cut) in the\\nupwards of $20-30, but then you also need to tip the hairdresser... what, 20%?\\nIs that enough? I don’t know... awkward. You walk out, realizing that to trim\\nthe follicles that grow out of the skin that covers your skull, you just paid\\nenough to feed a starving west African family for 2 months or save the life of\\na few kittens. Sarah Mclachlan and lonely old dogs start going through your\\nhead. You feel guilty and sad.\\n\\nTHEN, in the car ride home, you almost hit a kid chasing after a soccer ball\\ninto the street. You fill up the gas tank for the weekly commute – there goes\\nanother $50. And by the time you actually pull in to the driveway, your damn\\nhair is already a tad bit longer than when you left the shop! And it never\\nstops growing! And it won’t, for the next 50-80 years.\\n\\nIf any of this story sounds painfully familiar, it is time to learn how to cut\\nyour own hair. NOW.\\n\\n## How to Cut your Own Hair\\n\\nFor about half of my life now, I’ve been cutting my own hair.\\n\\nAfter I started paying for my own haircuts, I woke up one day, while I was\\nstill in high school, and said to myself, “You know what? I can do it better\\nthan they can!”.\\n\\nSo I went out and bought myself a clipper set. At the time, I think it was\\n$40-50. Here, we are, closing in on two decades later, and some of the best-\\nselling sets on Amazon are going for $30 and $80 (I ended up recently\\nupgrading to a Wahl Self-Cutting Clipper for $42 and absolutely love it). In\\nother words, you can cut your hair, for the next decade+ for the cost of one\\nsingle paid haircut! You really don’t need to spend any more than this. I’m on\\nmy second set of clippers after almost two decades, and neither cost more than\\nthis.\\n\\nClippers in hand, about every two weeks, I cut my own hair.\\n\\nWant to learn how to cut your own hair? The process is simple (for guys).\\nHere’s how I do it:\\n\\n 1. Charge clipper while I wash my hair (I don’t even charge myself extra for that privilege). I lightly dry my hair, leaving it a bit damp, as I’ve found that damp/wet hair cuts more easily than dry.\\n 2. Put on the blade attachment. It’s the same one every time. It is labeled as #2 – and it cuts my hair to about 1/4 in. in length, but you can go shorter/longer with your preference.\\n 3. I cut my hair. Since it’s one fixed length, I just go over my entire head a few times until it looks nicely trimmed.\\n 4. I trim the spot above my ears to clean that up a little.\\n 5. Then, using a safety razor, and a handheld mirror to get a reflection from a wall mirror, I shave the back of my neck and cut a straight hair line. Sounds complicated, but after 1-2 attempts, you’ll be a pro.\\n 6. As for maintenance, I make sure all of the hair is out of the clipper and every few months I’ll oil the blades with some blade oil.\\n\\n15 minutes, and I’m done.\\n\\n## The Cost Savings of Cutting your Own Hair\\n\\nOf primary benefit to cutting your own hair, is the cost savings.\\n\\nI know guys who pay a lot more than $25 to get their hair cut by others, but\\nlets assume $25 as a starting point.\\n\\nLet’s assume you get a hair cut every month, and lets also assume $5 per trip\\nfor parking/gas.\\n\\nThe cost of getting haircuts would be about $360 per year. Over a decade, it\\nwould be $3,600+.\\n\\nWhat if, instead, you cut your own hair and then invested the cost savings?\\n\\nIf we assume 3% inflation, and post tax dollars which could have been put in a\\nRoth IRA, the lifetime investment opportunity cost of haircuts over the next\\n70 years at the following rates of return would be (using the AARP investment\\nreturn calculator):\\n\\n * 4%: $268,558\\n * 6%: $650,731\\n * 8%: $1,638,314\\n * 10%: $4,422,919\\n\\nAnd the great irony is that your hair won’t be any shorter after those 70\\nyears (though there may be less of it).\\n\\nSure, you may have to buy your own clipper set for $20-40 every decade or so,\\nbut that will only cost you about 0.5% – 1% of the cost of the haircuts. Your\\nreal savings are about 99-99.5% if you learn how to cut your own hair.\\n\\n## Other Benefits of Learning How to Cut your Own Hair\\n\\nOutside of the obvious cost benefits that come from cutting your own hair,\\nthere are other HUGE benefits:\\n\\n * About one day per year in time saved from driving, parking, waiting, and driving home.\\n * You can cut your hair more often and whenever you’d like.\\n * You can cut your own hair to whatever length and specification you’d like, without someone messing it up.\\n * Less wear and tear on your vehicle, environmental impact of driving, and opportunity to get in to an accident.\\n * The comfort and satisfaction that comes with knowing you have taken one step closer to financial independence and self sustainability.\\n\\nLearning how to cut your own hair is intensely rewarding. If you’ve been\\nafraid to do so, it’s time to take that leap.\\n\\n## How to Cut your Own Hair Discussion:\\n\\n * Do you cut your own hair? How long have you been doing it? What tips do you have?\\n * This post was primarily geared towards the male audience and those who prefer shorter hair styles. I’d really love to see how those with longer hair styles have learned to cut their own hair or have others help them do it.\\n\\nRelated Posts:\\n\\nHow I Cut My Cost of Shaving 90% with a Safety Razor\\n\\n#### Related Posts\\n\\n## The Power of Portion Control\\n\\n## Serious About Savings? Get Rid of your Car\\n\\n## How to Make your Own Non-Toxic Cleaning Products\\n\\n#### 21 Comments\\n\\n 1. Emily @ evolvingPF\\n\\nI’ve been cutting my husband’s hair for a couple years now and it’s actually a\\nfun way for us to spend time together and joke around. He actually looks a lot\\nbetter now because we’ll cut it at home way more often than he used to go get\\nit cut professionally (once every 9 months?).\\n\\n 2. Pete\\n\\nI’ve been cutting my own hair in an almost identical manner as that which you\\ndescribed for about 10 years. Saves money and time. It fact, it’s getting\\nlong. I’m going to go cut it.\\n\\n 3. Natalie H\\n\\nI’ve been cutting my family’s hair for about three years now. It started when\\nI had a baby and started cutting his hair. After a few of these cuts I got\\nconfident enough to cut my husband’s hair. Around this same time I started\\ngrowing my own hair out so that I could cut it myself as well. For my husband\\nand son I just do the standard male short cut with scissors. I cut it all the\\nsame length (I use three fingers as a guide) except for a little longer at the\\nfront. Then I trim around the ears and sideburns. Finally I taper the nape and\\nthen clean up with clippers. It looks as good as many cheap haircuts we’ve\\npaid for and no-one has ever noticed that it is a home hair cut. The hardest\\npart was getting the bravery to do it the first time. However, we reasoned\\nthat if I made a serious error, we would just have to go to the barber to get\\nit fixed without any real loss. I’ve never messed up that bad. Minor uneven-\\nness is sometimes found a day or two later and I do a quick touch up\\nstraighten it out. My scissors cost $22. I forget the cost of the clippers,\\nbut they were probably $30ish. The Tightwad Gazette (book form) has\\ninstructions for cutting hair that are essentially identical to what I do.\\nAlso, it’s important to cut front to back across the top of the head and\\nvertically around the back and sides or the hair will look chopped.\\n\\nFor my own hair I had to grow it out long in order to cut it. I use a very\\nsimple technique to layer it. I still haven’t found the perfect method and I’m\\nstill experimenting, but basically you carefully comb all your hair to a point\\nalong the center line of your hair and secure it with a hair band. You then\\ncut and texture. There are variations where you pull out to the sides as well\\nso that you don’t get a V shape in the back. Check out you tube for\\ninstructional videos on DIY layered cut.\\n\\n 4. Pamela\\n\\nI started laughing when I saw the title because I came to the same realization\\nthis year. I am a 26 yr old black woman with mid-length curly hair. I wanted a\\nnew look and after waiting for a Groupon deal from one of the local salons, I\\ngot impatient and purchased $15 scissors and gave myself a new bob.\\n\\nIt’s been great and I love getting compliments about my hair even more now. I\\ntypically have to fix a few mishaps that I notice a day after but it’s all\\npart of the learning experience.\\n\\n 5. David Silva\\n\\nOdd things about this article (based on my experience):\\n\\n1\\\\. $25+ is a lot for a haircut. I pay around $15 or so. Less if I have\\ncoupons. 2. In your example, the hair dresser was male. It just stood out to\\nme because I have had exactly one hair cut by a dude in my life. I suppose it\\ndepends on where you are. California? In Toronto, male hair dressers are not a\\nthing. At least not in the major chains.\\n\\nGreat idea though. I’m losing my hair quickly so soon it will be very easy to\\ncut my own (a very good and very bad thing).\\n\\n 6. MonicaOnMoney\\n\\nI don’t cut my own hair but I will starting this month! Mine is easy anyway\\nand I spend $30/month on getting a quick haircut. Thanks for the advice,\\nyou’ve saved me tons of money.\\n\\n 7. Elena\\n\\nI can’t believe I am not the only one cutting my own hair! I have long hair\\nand I’ve been mostly cutting it myself. My mom cuts her own hair too. If your\\nhair is wavy, then it’s super easy. Nobody can even tell if it isn’t perfectly\\neven.\\n\\n 8. RG\\n\\nNot to brag, but Im damn good at cutting my own hair. Probably stems from the\\nfact that as the oldest of three boys we’ve been cutting each others hair\\nsince Jr High and saved a ton. I’m now in my thirties and after several\\nattempts at going to the “Pros” and getting really upset at having to pay for\\nterrible haircuts (I’ve the straightest hair in the world which is not\\nforgiving to errors) I’ve decided never to go back. Currently my haircuts are\\nfairly elaborate (longer on top, parted on the side and faded on the sides and\\nback).\\n\\nG.E., for a long time I was doing the buzz cut as well, and theres a couple of\\nthings I’d like to comment on that may make things even easier for you. One,\\nyou dont have to wash your hair before hand, in your case its so short it\\ndoesnt matter. Second I also found that with buzz cuts, if you cut it slightly\\nlonger it actually lasts longer before it starts looking scraggly. I start off\\nwith a #5 or #6 on top. then fade the sides progressively from #2 to #4, last\\nthe very edges on the bottom with #1. Ive found this way one can go up to 6\\nweeks and still look acceptable. Hope this helps\\n\\n 9. Jay\\n\\nGreat post! I am very proud to say that I cut my own hair while being\\nnearsighted (challenging but doable.) Of course, these was after watching lots\\nof Youtube videos. I read that you cut your damp hair with clippers. I am a\\nbit confuse. I have read and heard from various sources that clippers are only\\nto be use on dry hair in order to prolong the clipper’s age. Of course I could\\nbe wrong.\\n\\n * G.E. Miller\\n\\nI oil the blades every time, which results in no rusting (visible, at least).\\nI suppose you could cut dry to extend the life, but it doesn’t cut as easily.\\n\\n * Jay\\n\\nGood point. If it works, then it works.\\n\\n 10. Carolyn\\n\\nI agree doing it at home is much easier. At first people thought I was crazy\\nto let my then boyfriend give me a haircut, but years later as my husband, he\\nstill does a great job. I prefer to just tell him I want a trim this weekend\\nand he does it for me, rather the time, hassle and expense of the salon. He\\nuses the proper tools, he has the pro grade shears, hair clips, rat tail comb\\nfor sectioning and he sets me on the stool and capes me, to do my haircuts. I\\nlike knowing I don’t have worry about having him cut it too short or giving me\\na bad haircut. Saves me hundreds a year and I would not anyone else touching\\nmy hair, he has me spoiled.\\n\\n 11. Kerry\\n\\nWe started giving my boys their haircuts at home after each received\\nabsolutely horrible haircuts at a chain from a “professional” barber. He left\\nsteps cut into the sides and he went higher on one side that the other on both\\nhaircuts and then hid his sloppiness with gel. Once I got them home to wash to\\nitchy hairs off that got down their necks, I could see what bad haircuts they\\nwere. I researched online and bought a mid line quality set of Wahl clippers\\nas the reviews said the cheapest sets are noisy and heat up quickly because of\\nlower quality motors as well as not cutting as well and it was worth the price\\nfor a better unit that will last a decade or more. I watched YouTube videos\\nwith my then fiancée and waited until school was out to give the boys their\\nhaircuts. My guy coached me on technique as he used clippers to trim his own\\nbeard. I got nervous and had him take over when it came to the scissors over\\ncomb part on the top. He nicely blended the longer hair with the shorter hair\\non the sides without leaving steps. We did the same with my older son and both\\nwere happy with the results. My mom fawned over how handsome they looked and\\nsaid it was about time I took them to get a decent haircut. She was surprised\\nwe did them at home and she said they looked neatly groomed and that it will\\nsave us a lot of money. Next time my boys said no, they did not want me to cut\\ntheir hair, that they wanted my guy to do them. I was fired, but I figure that\\nI save several hundred dollars by having him do them, he does mine as well\\nwhich save me hundreds as well. My best friend was visiting when Inwas getting\\na trim, watched, complimented my hubby’s handiwork and asked him to cut hers.\\nMy mom got a bad haircut at her salon and grumbled that my hubby could have\\ndone a better job and it wouldn’t have cot her $60. Mind you you she thought\\nhim barbering the boys was great, but cutting mine was a horrible idea as she\\nfelt it was controlling. I agreed, I was in control of how my hair was being\\ncut, not the stylist who did what she wanted. She was visiting when hubby was\\ngiving the boys their haircuts and mentioned she needed a trim. I joked for\\nher to take a seat, she was next. And she did! She told him scissors only, no\\nclippers. He assured her he would only use scissors and got out the cape he\\nuses when he cuts mine. He asked her how much she wanted off, she was confused\\nwith numbers and he held up his hand and asked how many fingers worth. She\\nsaid the pinkie and ring finger and he said ok. He combed out her hair,\\nsectioned it and trimmed it so it was just grazing her shoulders as she asked.\\nWhen he finished she asked for a mirror and then checked it out in the\\nbathroom mirror. She smiled said thank you and she loved the price..FREE, with\\nno wonky salon screw up or the expense. My hubby is very good with power and\\nhand tools, so I guess he just gets it. Not everyone is and I admit I have\\nseen some absolutely horrible attempts at home haircuts and the woman was\\nbragging about doing them (she was one of those people who should not be\\nallowed near shears or clippers ) and I have seen too many friends, coworkers\\nand acquaintances that have gotten terrible chop jobs at the salon. I wonder\\nhow they got a license, but hey I see terrible drivers and wonder how they got\\ntheir license as well.\\n\\n 12. Joshua K Blank\\n\\nI’m embarrassed for all of you who cut your own hair. It’s very easy to notice\\nwho does and who doesn’t. Yes, there are a large number of bad hair stylists\\nout there and you don’t always get what you pay for. However, if you’re hirig\\nsomeone to do something for you, like paint your house, pick out clothes for\\nyou to buy, and yes, cut your hair, you interview them. You check them out\\nbefore putting yourself in their hands. The best cutters in the world spend\\nyears honing their skills, learn to apply the rules of architecture to\\nbuilding a structure out of the organic fabric that grows from your scalp, and\\nare worth every penny.\\n\\n 13. Carolyn\\n\\nWe paint our own house, I pick out my own clothes, we raise fruits and\\nvegetables, chickens, cut firewood, change our own oil in our cars, do our own\\nyard work, fix plumbing and my husband cuts my hair and my children’s hair. He\\ndoes an excellent job, I get compliments on my hair and on my children’s\\nhaircuts, and I get asked where we had them done. It seems there is such a\\nhigh turnover of stylists in the hair business and finding one that will\\nlisten and do as you ask is rarer than hens teeth. He has fixed bad salon\\nhaircuts for friends of mine and my best friend will only let him cut her hair\\nnow. It’s just not worth the time, expense or hassle to go to the barbershop\\nor salon when I get better results at home. There are people who take charge\\nof their lives, do things for themselves, and take pride in not having to rely\\non someone else to do something for them as they are incapable of doing it for\\nthemselves. I admire these strong people and respect their work ethic. And\\nthen there are so who cannot, they whine and complain about those who can. It\\nis very unbecoming of them, they need to grow up and take responsibility for\\ntheir own life.\\n\\n 14. Cathy A\\n\\nI have been cutting my husbands hair ever since he and I moved to Louisiana...\\nmore than 40 years ago. His hair is now balding and gray, but once or twice,\\nwhen I was on a trip, he paid to have it cut by a pro. When someone begins\\nlosing their hair, a bad haircut is more obvious. I also now either cut my own\\nhair, and sometimes , when I am in either Seattle or Virginia, I will pay\\nsomeone to cut my hair. Also, I use professional scissors etc.- I’m sure that\\nI have saved us thousands of dollars over many years. Also, we all have had\\nbad experiences with pros. When my Mom was with us, I also used to cut her\\nhair. I’m thankful to know that there are many others who are sick of\\nridiculous prices for a woman’s cut... and many salons do charge 20 for a mans\\ncut, but double or triple to cut a woman’s hair.\\n\\n 15. Kerry\\n\\nMy mother always took me to the salon from when I was a very young child and\\nbecause my mother had no skills doing hair, she had hers cut in a butch style,\\nnow called a pixie and she went through phases where we were given boy short\\nhaircuts and she also allowed us to grow our hair until she got frustrated\\ntrying to brush our hair, then it all was cut off short. I always thought of a\\nvisit to the salon with dread. My cousin had long hair and my aunt who also\\nhad long hair, would comb and braid it for her. I wanted long hair but was not\\nallowed to until I was 16. Even then salon visits that were not to my mother’s\\nsalon still left me dissatisfied. I got the opportunity to grow my hair when I\\nmet my husband. He took over doing my hair and it grew out. I have not paid\\nfor a haircut since. I know some cringe and others cheer, but having your hair\\ncut at home by a family member or a friend is a significant savings. Some\\npeople have a talent for giving good haircuts, others should not be allowed to\\ntouch a pair of shears or clippers. Sadly I have met too many “licensed\\nprofessionals” that fit in the second group. So if you have a family member or\\nfriend who gives a good haircut, all the better for you. I think people who\\ncriticize home haircuts are just upset because they spent too much money to\\nget a license and make the same as fast food workers.\\n\\n 16. Al\\n\\nMy mom’s been cutting my hair forever – it looks really nice. She buzzed it\\nwhen we were young (didn’t like that too much but didn’t care that much\\neither). Only partially buzzed with the rest cut now but its one of the few\\nthings she can still do for me, which she likes – like a present, which it is.\\nNow she’s getting old – near 90, so I guess I’ll have to cut my own hair. Just\\nfyi, I moved out when I was about 21 but in the same city. Thanks for writing\\nabout it to encourage all of us.\\n\\n 17. Carolyn\\n\\nYour mother has saved you thousands over the years giving you free haircuts.\\nIt is great that she has been able to do it for you and that she has done such\\na great job. There are people that just seem to have a natural talent for it\\nand others who should not touch a pair of shears or clippers. I was in Wal-\\nMart the other day and a woman complimented my hair which was in a dutch\\nbraid. I informed her that my husband had done it for me. She was impressed\\nwith his work and thought it was great that he could do it for me. I mentioned\\nthat I have him trim my hair for me as well. Her hair was longer than mine and\\nshe mentioned her mother was a hairdresser and she learned to cut her\\nbrother’s hair and her two sister’s as well. She trims her own as neither of\\nher sisters are very good with the shears and she doesn’t trust either of\\nthem, and she doesn’t trust going to the salon as they would chop her hair off\\ntoo short. She went once, got a bad haircut that left her hair poofing out\\nlike a Christmas tree and then refused to ever go again. She said she rarely\\nwears her hair down, she usually wears her hair up in a bun for work and when\\nshe is doing chores around the house, she can put it in a three strand braid,\\nbut that is it. So I would say it is great having a family member that can do\\nyour hair for you and save you a lot of money.\\n\\n 18. Bobby\\n\\nI bought this same clipper set. I have too say its the best thing ive bought\\nin along time. Really worth the money. Ive been cutting my own hair now for a\\nyear and I’ll never go back to the barber. Saved me a ton of cash. Great\\narticle.\\n\\n 19. Carolyn\\n\\nBuying a good set of clippers is definitely a great investment. Wahl is a good\\nbrand that makes quality clippers that can last for years with proper\\nmaintenance. So I would agree that it is worth the money not to buy the\\ncheapest on the shelf. A few months ago, a coworker of mine who has three boys\\nwas asking about how we do haircuts at home as she was looking to save money.\\nShe stopped by to visit as hubby was giving my boys their monthly haircuts to\\nsee how he does them. She watched intently and asked a number of questions as\\nshe watched. She felt it was something that she could do and we made a trip to\\nSally’s with her to get her the tools and supplies she needed. She bought a\\nset of Wahl Designer clippers and peanut clippers combo that were on sale. It\\nwas a great price. She bought a good set of shears, combs, a couple capes, a\\ncan of clippercide and neck strips. She spent about $150 in total. With three\\nboys ages 7, 9 and 12, at $15 a haircut plus transportation costs, it will be\\nover $600 she will save the first year. Her husband is onboard with the idea,\\nand when she gets comfortable doing haircuts with a little practice on the\\nboys, he said he would let her cut his, so that is hundreds more a year. Hubby\\ncoached her on giving her boys their haircuts, helped her some, but overall\\nshe did really well. She used larger # clipper attachments to allow wiggle\\nroom to be fixed if needed, next time she will go shorter, once she feels\\ncomfortable getting the technique down, but with three boys, she will get\\nplenty of practice. I asked her if she was going to have her husband cut her\\nhair for her, but she said that was something she wasn’t ready to try yet. She\\nwas sure that her husband would be very reluctant to, and she was definitely\\nnot ready to let him do it. Given the current situation of the barbershops and\\nsalons being closed, she can still do haircuts for her boys and we ladies can\\ngo longer between haircuts.\\n\\n#### Join 10,000+ Members\\n\\nGet new articles, by email, for free.\\n\\nThank you for subscribing!\\n\\nOops... Please try again.\\n\\n### Popular Posts\\n\\n * Money Saving Products I Personally Use\\n * How to Pay Taxes with a Credit Card (and Profit)\\n * The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World\\n * How Much Should you Spend on an Engagement Ring? Nothing.\\n * Would you Support your Financially Negligent Parents?\\n\\n### FOLLOW 20SF ON:\\n\\n### LIKE & FOLLOW ON FACEBOOK:\\n\\n### SEARCH THE SITE:\\n\\n20somethingfinance.com Copyright © 2021.\\n\\nThis site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered\\nfinancial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific\\nsituation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies\\nmentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.\\n\\n#### Join 10,000+ readers & get new articles by email, for free.\\n\\nThank you for subscribing!\\n\\nOops... Please try again.\\n\\nWe value privacy. Your email address won't be sold or shared.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101235930/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Conditioner: What Kind Should You Look For?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Conditioner is a product you use after shampoo to add moisture to your hair. It helps improve the overall texture, feel, and appearance. How do you know if your conditioner offers the best results for your hair type? Learn how conditioner can benefit your hair, including choosing ingredients that improve your hair health.\",\n \"While shampoo is more fluid, conditioner is thicker and has more substance. The main goals of conditioner are to lock in your hair’s moisture and protect it from the sun and environmental damage. Conditioner is similar to a moisturizer you apply to your skin to help it stay healthy. If you don’t use conditioner, you leave your hair exposed to more potential damage.\",\n \"Dry hair. Dry hair tends to break more easily. A thick conditioner that is rich in nourishing ingredients helps to tame your hair and keep it looking healthy. The right conditioner can help reduce frizz and the appearance of split ends.\",\n \"Neutral hair. If you don’t think your hair is oily or dry, you probably need a standard conditioner. You can moisturize without weighing your hair down or making it look oily. You may find that you can use less conditioning product in each shower or condition your hair less often.\",\n \"Oily hair. If your hair tends to look oily around your scalp, focus conditioner on the ends of your hair. Avoid the scalp area so you don’t increase oil or clog the hair follicles on your scalp. Because your hair is oily, you don’t need as much conditioner to maintain your hair’s health.\",\n \"Thickening conditioner. This may also be called a volumizing conditioner. It has ingredients that cling to your individual hair strands and make your hair look thicker and fuller. Protein, collagen, biotin, caffeine, green tea, and saw palmetto are great to look for in a conditioner if you want your hair to have more volume.\",\n \"Deep conditioner. This conditioner is thicker than the standard. It's designed to treat curly, thick, or color-treated hair that is more prone to be dry or damaged. This isn’t a conditioner you use every day. Instead, incorporate it into your hair routine once a week or a couple of times per month. Use a different conditioner in between to maintain the best results.\",\n \"Moisturizing conditioner. These conditioners contain more oils as ingredients to keep your hair soft and smooth. If you have oily hair, you want to avoid this conditioner as it may make your scalp worse. Moisturizing conditioner is best for dry, curly, or thick hair that needs more moisture.\",\n \"Protein conditioner. Keratin is the primary protein used to strengthen your hair and prevent breakage. This conditioner is best for hair that is thin or fine. Because it tends to be a heavier conditioner, you want to use it sparingly. Once or twice a month is enough, and you can use a standard conditioner in between uses to maintain results.\",\n \"Cream rinse conditioner. This is a thinner conditioner that is closer to the consistency of shampoo. It’s great for detangling your hair if you don’t need extra moisture, volume, or protection. If your hair tends to be very tangly, you want to use a more robust conditioner than cream rinse.\",\n \"Leave-in conditioner. This conditioner is usually in the form of a cream or a spray. You put the product in your hair after you get out of the shower while it’s still damp. If your hair is frizzy or you have split ends, a leave-in conditioner provides added protection to your hair. You can use it in addition to the conditioner you apply to your hair after shampooing.\",\n \"Some conditioners are for daily use, while others you incorporate two to three times per week based on your hair’s needs. For example, if you have oily hair, you can use a special conditioner a few times a week. Using one every day may strip too much oil from your hair and do more damage than good.\",\n \"By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Conditioner: What Kind Should You Look For?\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n### Shampoo and Conditioner Home\\n\\n * The Essentials\\n * Explore More\\n * Features\\n * Video\\n * Slideshows & Images\\n * Quizzes\\n\\n### Healthy Beauty\\n\\n * Home\\n * News\\n * Reference\\n * Slideshows\\n * Quizzes\\n * Videos\\n * Questions & Answers\\n\\n### Healthy Beauty Guide\\n\\n * Cosmetic Surgery\\n * Cosmetics & Makeup\\n * Hair Care\\n * Healthy Nails\\n * Spa Treatments\\n * All Topics\\n\\n### Related Topics\\n\\n * Fitness & Exercise\\n * Hair Loss\\n * Healthy Aging\\n * Skin Problems & Treatments\\n * Psoriasis\\n * Women's Health\\n * More Related Topics\\n\\n * Healthy Beauty\\n\\n * Feature Stories\\n\\n#### Psoriasis: Simple Skin Care Tips\\n\\n# How to Choose the Best Conditioner\\n\\nBy Katy Hebebrand\\n\\nFrom the WebMD Archives\\n\\nConditioner is a product you use after shampoo to add moisture to your hair.\\nIt helps improve the overall texture, feel, and appearance. How do you know if\\nyour conditioner offers the best results for your hair type? Learn how\\nconditioner can benefit your hair, including choosing ingredients that improve\\nyour hair health.\\n\\n## The Goal of Conditioner\\n\\nWhile shampoo is more fluid, conditioner is thicker and has more substance.\\nThe main goals of conditioner are to lock in your hair’s moisture and protect\\nit from the sun and environmental damage. Conditioner is similar to a\\nmoisturizer you apply to your skin to help it stay healthy. If you don’t use\\nconditioner, you leave your hair exposed to more potential damage.\\n\\n## Identifying Your Hair Type\\n\\nKnowing what type of hair you have can help you choose the best conditioner\\nfor your needs.\\n\\nDry hair. Dry hair tends to break more easily. A thick conditioner that is\\nrich in nourishing ingredients helps to tame your hair and keep it looking\\nhealthy. The right conditioner can help reduce frizz and the appearance of\\nsplit ends.\\n\\nNeutral hair. If you don’t think your hair is oily or dry, you probably need a\\nstandard conditioner. You can moisturize without weighing your hair down or\\nmaking it look oily. You may find that you can use less conditioning product\\nin each shower or condition your hair less often.\\n\\nOily hair. If your hair tends to look oily around your scalp, focus\\nconditioner on the ends of your hair. Avoid the scalp area so you don’t\\nincrease oil or clog the hair follicles on your scalp. Because your hair is\\noily, you don’t need as much conditioner to maintain your hair’s health.\\n\\n## Different Types of Conditioner\\n\\nYou should choose a conditioner based on your hair type. Consider if your hair\\nis:\\n\\n * Oily, normal, or dry\\n * Fine or thick\\n * Straight, wavy, or curly\\n * Color-treated or bleached\\n * Any combination of these\\n\\nThickening conditioner. This may also be called a volumizing conditioner. It\\nhas ingredients that cling to your individual hair strands and make your hair\\nlook thicker and fuller. Protein, collagen, biotin, caffeine, green tea, and\\nsaw palmetto are great to look for in a conditioner if you want your hair to\\nhave more volume.\\n\\n#### Continued\\n\\nDeep conditioner. This conditioner is thicker than the standard. It's designed\\nto treat curly, thick, or color-treated hair that is more prone to be dry or\\ndamaged. This isn’t a conditioner you use every day. Instead, incorporate it\\ninto your hair routine once a week or a couple of times per month. Use a\\ndifferent conditioner in between to maintain the best results.\\n\\nMoisturizing conditioner. These conditioners contain more oils as ingredients\\nto keep your hair soft and smooth. If you have oily hair, you want to avoid\\nthis conditioner as it may make your scalp worse. Moisturizing conditioner is\\nbest for dry, curly, or thick hair that needs more moisture.\\n\\nProtein conditioner. Keratin is the primary protein used to strengthen your\\nhair and prevent breakage. This conditioner is best for hair that is thin or\\nfine. Because it tends to be a heavier conditioner, you want to use it\\nsparingly. Once or twice a month is enough, and you can use a standard\\nconditioner in between uses to maintain results.\\n\\nCream rinse conditioner. This is a thinner conditioner that is closer to the\\nconsistency of shampoo. It’s great for detangling your hair if you don’t need\\nextra moisture, volume, or protection. If your hair tends to be very tangly,\\nyou want to use a more robust conditioner than cream rinse.\\n\\nLeave-in conditioner. This conditioner is usually in the form of a cream or a\\nspray. You put the product in your hair after you get out of the shower while\\nit’s still damp. If your hair is frizzy or you have split ends, a leave-in\\nconditioner provides added protection to your hair. You can use it in addition\\nto the conditioner you apply to your hair after shampooing.\\n\\nSome conditioners are for daily use, while others you incorporate two to three\\ntimes per week based on your hair’s needs. For example, if you have oily hair,\\nyou can use a special conditioner a few times a week. Using one every day may\\nstrip too much oil from your hair and do more damage than good.\\n\\n#### Continued\\n\\n## Other Hair Care Tips\\n\\nIf you want to maximize your hair care, use these tips to keep hair healthy in\\nbetween conditioning:\\n\\n * Find a shampoo that meets your hair’s needs and pairs well with your conditioner.\\n * If your hair is dry or color-treated, you may wash it less often but use more conditioner.\\n * Commit to trying several conditioners until you find one that works best for your hair.\\n * Use a swim cap if you swim in a pool to prevent damage from chlorine and other pool chemicals.\\n\\nWebMD Feature Reviewed by Dan Brennan, MD on August 30, 2021\\n\\n#### Sources\\n\\nSOURCES:\\n\\nAmerican Academy of Dermatology Association: “TIPS FOR HEALTHY HAIR.”\\n\\nCleveland Clinic: “Your Guide to Aging, Thinning Hair: 5 Simple Tips.”\\n\\nKeeps: “The 7 Different Types of Conditioner You Should Know About.\\\"\\n\\nMinnesota School of Cosmetology: “6 Benefits of Conditioner and Conditioner.”\\n\\n© 2012 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\\n\\nPagination\\n\\n### Top Picks\\n\\n * Hair Going Gray? Here’s Why\\n * Makeup Dos and Don’ts\\n * Safest Ways to Straighten Your Hair\\n * Stretch Marks Getting Under Your Skin?\\n\\n### further reading\\n\\n * 10 Foods for Healthy Hair\\n * Shampoo Types: Clarifying, Voluminzing, Dry Shampoo, and More\\n * The 411 on Hair Conditioners\\n * Healthy Hair Every Day\\n * How Often Should You Wash Your Hair?\\n * Flirty at Thirty: Holiday Hair\\n * Expert Hair Tips\\n * Shampoo and Conditioner Topics\\n\\n### Today on Radiance\\n\\n#### Beauty Oils: Benefits of Coconut, Argan, and More\\n\\nThe benefits of coconut, argan, tea tree and more.\\n\\n#### Sun Safety: Tips to Help Save Your Skin From Damage\\n\\nTips to help save your skin from damage.\\n\\n#### Reduce Wrinkles: 9 Secrets to Smoother Skin\\n\\n9 secrets of smoother skin.\\n\\n### Recommended for You\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Age-Defying Makeup Tricks\\n\\nVideo\\n\\n#### Foot Care Made Simple\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Are You Making These Beauty Mistakes?\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Banish the Bags Under Your Eyes\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Best Styles for Your Hair Type\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Foods for Beautiful Skin\\n\\nQuiz\\n\\n#### Think You Know How to Care for Your Hair?\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Secrets for Stunning Eyes\\n\\n### Tools & Resources\\n\\n * Do You Need a Special Eye Cream?\\n * The Benefits of Botox\\n * Guide to a Perfect Pedi\\n * How Safe is Hair Dye?\\n * When Fashion Hurts\\n * Beauty Time-Savers\\n\\n## Get Skin Care Tips In Your Inbox\\n\\n### Skin care and wellness tips to help you look and feel your best. Sign up\\nfor the Good Health newsletter.\\n\\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\\n\\n### Health Solutions\\n\\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\\n * Could I have CAD?\\n * Treat Bent Fingers\\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\\n * Tired of Dandruff?\\n * Benefits of CBD\\n * Rethink MS Treatment\\n * AFib-Related Strokes\\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\\n * Is My Penis Normal?\\n * Relapsing MS Options\\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\\n * Bent Finger Causes\\n * Living With Psoriasis?\\n * Missing Teeth?\\n\\n### More from WebMD\\n\\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\\n * Health Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil\\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\\n * 5 Health Benefits of Hemp\\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\\n\\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\\n\\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\\n\\nSee additional information.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":371,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1322721,"string":"1,322,721"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Zest an Orange"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"\"To zest an orange, first place your grater on top of a cutting board. If you\ndon't have a grater, you can use a microplane instead. Next, take the \norange and gently scrape it along the grater from top to bottom. Once you \nreach the white rind, rotate the orange slightly and repeat. Keep doing \nthis until you've grated off all of the orange skin on the outside of the \nfruit. \" "},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210606060836/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570","http://web.archive.org/web/20201026032334/https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/","http://web.archive.org/web/20180303034601/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY","http://web.archive.org/web/20171202131832/http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606060836/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201026032334/https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180303034601/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171202131832/http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2115,"string":"2,115"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606060836/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570","parsed_text":{"title":"How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges","passages":["When you want to add a zingy, sweet citrus flavor to food, the juice is good, but the zest is even better. It has natural oils that will impart way more flavor than you’ll get from juicing. Plus, sometimes all you need is a little bit.","So whether you’re working with lemons, limes, oranges, or any other citrus fruit, there are four easy ways to get your hands on some zest.","There are four different kitchen tools that can be used to zest citrus fruits: a microplane, citrus zester, vegetable peeler, or paring knife. The choice about which tool to use is entirely up to you. It all depends on how you plan to use the zest and your personal preference.","For finely grated zest that melts into a pound cake or batch of cookies, a microplane produces the best results. If you’d like a pretty garnish for your cocktail glass, then a citrus zester will give you a little curlicue. On the other hand, if appearance and size don’t matter, a simple paring knife or peeler will get the job done just fine.","No matter which type of citrus you’re working with or method you use, there is one universal rule that will always apply: Remove just the thin, colored skin, or zest, of the fruit. Always leave behind the soft, white pith that lies underneath. The pith has a bitter, unappealing taste that you simply don’t want to include.","Removing just the right amount of zest without picking up any of the pith can be tricky, but it gets easier the more times you do it. It depends on the type of tool you’re using, as well as the amount of pressure you apply.","Finely grated zest from a microplane: Use in batters and doughs, and other times you want the zest to melt into the dish.","Large pieces of zest from a peeler or knife: Use for rimming cocktail glasses and cocktail garnishes, and also for infusing things like oils or sugar syrups.","Using a citrus zester: Use moderate pressure to drag the sharp-edged side of the tool down the fruit. This tool produces long, thin, curly strips of zest that are ideal for garnishes.","Using a Microplane: Over a cutting board or plate, hold the Microplane in one hand, and use a downward motion and moderate pressure to drag the citrus against the blades of the Microplane. Turn the fruit as you go, removing just the colored portion of the skin. The zest will gather in the groove underneath the Microplane. This tool produces finely grated zest for mixing into batters and doughs.","Using a vegetable peeler: Using moderate pressure, so as not to remove any pith, drag the peeler down the citrus fruit, from top to bottom, or around the fruit. This makes large pieces of zest, perfect for infusing oils or sugar syrup. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a knife.","Using a paring knife: Be sure the knife you're using is sharp. Carefully cut into the skin and slide the knife around the fruit, between the zest and the pith. Like the peeler, a paring knife gives you large pieces of zest. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a paring knife."]},"parsed_md":"How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges | Kitchn\n\nNewsletters\n\nCooking Lessons from The Kitchn\n\nHow To\n\n# How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges\n\nby Kelli Foster\n\npublished Jul 29, 2015\n\nCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\n(Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\nWhen you want to add a zingy, sweet citrus flavor to food, the juice is good,\nbut the zest is even better. It has natural oils that will impart way more\nflavor than you’ll get from juicing. Plus, sometimes all you need is a little\nbit.\n\nSo whether you’re working with lemons, limes, oranges, or any other citrus\nfruit, there are four easy ways to get your hands on some zest.\n\n(Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\n### Four Ways to Zest Citrus\n\nThere are four different kitchen tools that can be used to zest citrus fruits:\na microplane, citrus zester, vegetable peeler, or paring knife. The choice\nabout which tool to use is entirely up to you. It all depends on how you plan\nto use the zest and your personal preference.\n\nFor finely grated zest that melts into a pound cake or batch of cookies, a\nmicroplane produces the best results. If you’d like a pretty garnish for your\ncocktail glass, then a citrus zester will give you a little curlicue. On the\nother hand, if appearance and size don’t matter, a simple paring knife or\npeeler will get the job done just fine.\n\n### The Most Important Rule of Zesting\n\nNo matter which type of citrus you’re working with or method you use, there is\none universal rule that will always apply: Remove just the thin, colored skin,\nor zest, of the fruit. Always leave behind the soft, white pith that lies\nunderneath. The pith has a bitter, unappealing taste that you simply don’t\nwant to include.\n\nRemoving just the right amount of zest without picking up any of the pith can\nbe tricky, but it gets easier the more times you do it. It depends on the type\nof tool you’re using, as well as the amount of pressure you apply.\n\n### Ways to Use Citrus Zest\n\n * Finely grated zest from a microplane: Use in batters and doughs, and other times you want the zest to melt into the dish.\n * Curly zest from a citrus zester: Use for cocktail garnishes and for candied citrus decorations.\n * Large pieces of zest from a peeler or knife: Use for rimming cocktail glasses and cocktail garnishes, and also for infusing things like oils or sugar syrups.\n\n1 / 7\n\nChoose your tool for the job: citrus zester, peeler, paring knife, or\nMicroplane. (Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\nComments\n\n1 Rating\n\n## How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges\n\n * alcohol-free\n * egg-free\n * paleo\n * kidney-friendly\n * peanut-free\n * pork-free\n * pescatarian\n * gluten-free\n * tree-nut-free\n * low-sodium\n * red-meat-free\n * low-fat\n * dairy-free\n * fish-free\n * vegetarian\n * shellfish-free\n * vegan\n * no-oil-added\n * soy-free\n * wheat-free\n\nPer serving, based on 2 servings. (% daily value)\n\n * Calories 49\n * Fat 0.2 g (0.4%)\n * Saturated 0.0 g (0.1%)\n * Carbs 13.9 g (4.6%)\n * Fiber 3.3 g (13.3%)\n * Sugars 7.4 g\n * Protein 1.2 g (2.3%)\n * Sodium 1.3 mg (0.1%)\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * Lemons\n * Limes\n * Oranges\n\n#### Equipment\n\n * Citrus zester\n * Vegetable peeler\n * Paring knife\n * Microplane\n * Cutting board\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. Wash the fruit: Wash and thoroughly dry the fruit before zesting.\n\n 2. Using a citrus zester: Use moderate pressure to drag the sharp-edged side of the tool down the fruit. This tool produces long, thin, curly strips of zest that are ideal for garnishes.\n\n 3. Using a Microplane: Over a cutting board or plate, hold the Microplane in one hand, and use a downward motion and moderate pressure to drag the citrus against the blades of the Microplane. Turn the fruit as you go, removing just the colored portion of the skin. The zest will gather in the groove underneath the Microplane. This tool produces finely grated zest for mixing into batters and doughs.\n\n 4. Using a vegetable peeler: Using moderate pressure, so as not to remove any pith, drag the peeler down the citrus fruit, from top to bottom, or around the fruit. This makes large pieces of zest, perfect for infusing oils or sugar syrup. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a knife.\n\n 5. Using a paring knife: Be sure the knife you're using is sharp. Carefully cut into the skin and slide the knife around the fruit, between the zest and the pith. Like the peeler, a paring knife gives you large pieces of zest. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a paring knife.\n\nKelli Foster\n\nFood Editor, Plan & Prep\n\nKelli is the Food Editor for Plan & Prep content for Kitchn. She's a graduate\nof the French Culinary Institute and author of the cookbooks, The Probiotic\nKitchen, Buddha Bowls, and Everyday Freekeh Meals. She lives in New York.\n\nFollow Kelli\n\nSaveCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nFollow us\n\nKitchn is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment Therapy,\nKitchn, and Cubby.\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201026032334/https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/","parsed_text":{"title":"How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield?","passages":["Citrus zest is a fantastic way to get a lot of flavor into a recipe. The zest is the colorful skin of citrus fruit and it is packed with flavorful essential oils. Recipes that use zest can be anything from pies to muffins to savory dishes. Most of those recipes call for a specific quantity of zest, but don’t specify how much fruit you need to produce the required amount. In the picture above, you can see a variety of citrus fruit arranged by size, from a lime to a pomelo. The exact amount of fruit you need for any given amount of zest will still vary, but these guidelines should help give you a general idea of how much fruit you need to pick up to make any particular recipe.","1 Buddha’s Hand = 1 tbsp zest (but you may need to be creative about zesting, due to the shape)","Once your citrus fruit has been zested, it will start to dry out. To keep the juice fresh, wrap the zested citrus in plastic wrap or tuck it into a ziploc bag. You can keep the citrus at room temperature for a day or so, but might want to transfer it to the fridge if you plan to keep it longer than that. Fortunately, many recipes will use both the juice and the zest, so you won’t always have leftover citrus to use up after zesting."]},"parsed_md":"How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield? - Baking Bites\n\nBaking Bites\n\n * Recipes\n\n * Cookies\n\n * Cookies – Bar Cookies and Brownies\n * Cakes\n\n * Cakes – Cheesecake\n * Cakes – Cupcakes\n * Cakes – Frosting\n * Breakfasts\n\n * Breads – Quick Breads\n * Coffee Cake\n * Muffins\n * Breads – Yeast Breads\n * Candies\n * Crisps and Other Fruit Desserts\n\n * Dessert Sauces\n * Drinks\n * Frozen Desserts\n * Pastries\n\n * Pies\n\n * Pie and Tart Crusts\n * Puddings, Custards and Mousses\n * Savory Dishes\n\n * Savory Sides & Snacks\n * Baking How-To’s & Tips\n\n * How to Start A Food Blog\n * Tools & Gadgets\n\n * Cookbooks\n * Product Reviews\n * Ingredients\n\n * Food Reviews\n * BfoB\n\nHow-To's and Tips\n\n# How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield?\n\nPosted on January 31, 2017\n\nCitrus zest is a fantastic way to get a lot of flavor into a recipe. The zest\nis the colorful skin of citrus fruit and it is packed with flavorful essential\noils. Recipes that use zest can be anything from pies to muffins to savory\ndishes. Most of those recipes call for a specific quantity of zest, but don’t\nspecify how much fruit you need to produce the required amount. In the picture\nabove, you can see a variety of citrus fruit arranged by size, from a lime to\na pomelo. The exact amount of fruit you need for any given amount of zest will\nstill vary, but these guidelines should help give you a general idea of how\nmuch fruit you need to pick up to make any particular recipe.\n\n * 1 Key Lime = 1 tsp zest\n * 1 Lime (Persian Lime) = 1 – 2 tsp zest\n * 1 Meyer Lemon = 2 tsp zest\n * 1 Lemon (Eureka Lemon) = 1 tbsp zest\n * 1 Tangerine = 2-3 tsp zest\n * 1 Orange (any variety) = 1 – 1 1/2 tbsp zest\n * 1 Grapefruit = 1 1/2 – 2 tbsp zest\n * 1 Buddha’s Hand = 1 tbsp zest (but you may need to be creative about zesting, due to the shape)\n * 1 Pomelo – 2 tbsp zest\n\nCan the fruit be preserved after zesting?\n\nOnce your citrus fruit has been zested, it will start to dry out. To keep the\njuice fresh, wrap the zested citrus in plastic wrap or tuck it into a ziploc\nbag. You can keep the citrus at room temperature for a day or so, but might\nwant to transfer it to the fridge if you plan to keep it longer than that.\nFortunately, many recipes will use both the juice and the zest, so you won’t\nalways have leftover citrus to use up after zesting.\n\nShare this article\n\n1\n\n * previously\n\n##### Biscuit Head: New Southern Biscuits, Breakfasts, and Brunch\n\n * up next\n\n##### Sour Cream Blueberry Coffee Cake with Brown Sugar Streusel\n\n##### You Might Also Like\n\n###### What is a crumb coat?\n\nPosted on August 11, 2009March 31, 2014\n\n###### How to Soften Butter for a Recipe\n\nPosted on May 30, 2018\n\n###### How to Make Basic Vanilla Pastry Cream\n\nPosted on August 29, 2017\n\nNo Comments Yet.\n\n### What do you think? Cancel reply\n\n#### Keep In Touch\n\n#### Pumpkin Patch Cupcakes\n\n#### Coconut Streusel Coffee Cake\n\n#### Strawberry Hand Pies\n\n#### Homemade Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Ice Cream Sandwiches\n\nMY LATEST COOKBOOK IS NOW AVAILABLE\n\nYOU CAN ALSO FIND ME HERE\n\nInstagram did not return a 200.\n\nCopyrights © 2017 Baking Bites &trade. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180303034601/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY","parsed_text":{"title":"How to remove orange zest","passages":["Sometimes beauty is only skin deep - the zest of one orange can add pizazz to everything from cakes to cocktails.","Carefully slide the paring knife between the rind and the pith to separate. Discard pith. (It’s best to remove the pith as it can taste quite bitter.)","Alternatively, run a citrus zester down the length of the orange, removing the rind in long, thin strips. (Citrus zesters are available from specialty kitchen stores.)","Orange zest can be frozen for up to six months. Seal in a plastic bag and store in the freezer.","You should be able to obtain three to four teaspoons of grated zest from one medium-sized orange (slightly more if the zest is cut into thin strips).","Orange zest not only adds flavour to dishes, it also makes a pretty decoration. Candied zest (which has been boiled in sugar syrup, then spread out to dry) is great sprinkled over cakes and muffins, while fresh zest looks nice floating in a fruit punch or cocktail.","Orange peel and pith are rich sources of pectin (a soluble fibre that scientists believe helps lower cholesterol) and flavonoids (potent anti-oxidants). Pectin is also what makes jam jell. This is why orange marmalade sets so well and a thickening agent may need to be added to preserves made from other fruits.","We collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this site and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on our network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural Advertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices, including how to opt-out here."]},"parsed_md":"How to remove orange zest\n\nPartnered with\n\n# How to remove orange zest\n\nImage credit: Chris Court\n\nSometimes beauty is only skin deep - the zest of one orange can add pizazz to\neverything from cakes to cocktails.\n\n## Step 1:\n\nUsing a vegetable peeler or a small sharp paring knife, remove the rind and\nwhite pith from the orange.\n\n## Step 2:\n\nCarefully slide the paring knife between the rind and the pith to separate.\nDiscard pith. (It’s best to remove the pith as it can taste quite bitter.)\n\n## Step 3:\n\nSlice the rind into long, thin strips and use as desired.\n\n## Step 4:\n\nAlternatively, run a citrus zester down the length of the orange, removing the\nrind in long, thin strips. (Citrus zesters are available from specialty\nkitchen stores.)\n\n## Juicy citrus facts & tips\n\n * Orange zest can be frozen for up to six months. Seal in a plastic bag and store in the freezer.\n * You should be able to obtain three to four teaspoons of grated zest from one medium-sized orange (slightly more if the zest is cut into thin strips).\n * Orange zest not only adds flavour to dishes, it also makes a pretty decoration. Candied zest (which has been boiled in sugar syrup, then spread out to dry) is great sprinkled over cakes and muffins, while fresh zest looks nice floating in a fruit punch or cocktail.\n * Orange peel is also used to make fragrances and liqueurs (such as Cointreau).\n * One orange will supply you with enough vitamin C to last two-and-a-half days.\n * Orange peel and pith are rich sources of pectin (a soluble fibre that scientists believe helps lower cholesterol) and flavonoids (potent anti-oxidants). Pectin is also what makes jam jell. This is why orange marmalade sets so well and a thickening agent may need to be added to preserves made from other fruits.\n\n * Image credit: Chris Court\n * Publication: Taste.com.au\n\n### Shop this week's catalogue now\n\nA note about relevant advertising\n\nWe collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this\nsite and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on\nour network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural\nAdvertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices,\nincluding how to opt-out here.\n\nCopyright 2018 NewsLifeMedia all rights reserved\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Relevant Ads Opt-Out\n * Cookie Policy\n * About us\n * Advertise\n * Legal Notices\n * Contact us\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171202131832/http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to zest citrus with a microplane grater (VIDEO).","passages":["Citrus zest shows up in recipes more often than usual this time of year. Gingerbread, fruitcake, stollen, and various other holiday treats usually call for a little grated lemon or orange peel to add a subtle citrus flavor.","But you can’t just go at it like you’re grating a hunk of cheddar. You have to keep a few things in mind to maximize the flavor of your citrus zest and prevent bitterness. Slate’s food and drink editor shows you how."]},"parsed_md":"How to zest citrus with a microplane grater (VIDEO).\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\n\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\nSlate\n\nFood\n\nWhat to eat. What not to eat.\n\nDec. 16 2013 10:53 AM\n\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\n\n## It’s not like grating cheese.\n\nBy L.V. Anderson, Krishnan Vasudevan, and Chris Wade\n\nZest an orange wrong, and your cranberry bread may end up too bitter.\n\nJuliana Jiménez Jaramillo for Slate\n\nCitrus zest shows up in recipes more often than usual this time of year.\nGingerbread, fruitcake, stollen, and various other holiday treats usually call\nfor a little grated lemon or orange peel to add a subtle citrus flavor.\n\nBut you can’t just go at it like you’re grating a hunk of cheddar. You have to\nkeep a few things in mind to maximize the flavor of your citrus zest and\nprevent bitterness. Slate’s food and drink editor shows you how.\n\nFor one of the best ways to employ orange zest, check out Slate’s recipe for\ncranberry bread.\n\nL.V. Anderson is a former Slate associate editor.\n\nKrishnan Vasudevan is a regular video contributor to Slate. Follow him on\nTwitter.\n\nChris Wade is a New York-based video and audio producer and an occasional\ncontributor to Brow Beat.\n\nPowered by Livefyre\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\nFOLLOW SLATE\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n\nSLATE ON\n\n * IPHONE\n * ANDROID\n * KINDLE\n\n * Reprints\n * Advertise with us\n\n * ABOUT US\n * CONTACT US\n * WORK WITH US\n * USER AGREEMENT\n * PRIVACY POLICY\n * FAQ\n\n * FEEDBACK\n * CORRECTIONS\n\nSlate Group Panoply\n\nSlate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents\n© 2017 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nSlate\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606060836/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"When you want to add a zingy, sweet citrus flavor to food, the juice is good, but the zest is even better. It has natural oils that will impart way more flavor than you’ll get from juicing. Plus, sometimes all you need is a little bit.\",\n \"So whether you’re working with lemons, limes, oranges, or any other citrus fruit, there are four easy ways to get your hands on some zest.\",\n \"There are four different kitchen tools that can be used to zest citrus fruits: a microplane, citrus zester, vegetable peeler, or paring knife. The choice about which tool to use is entirely up to you. It all depends on how you plan to use the zest and your personal preference.\",\n \"For finely grated zest that melts into a pound cake or batch of cookies, a microplane produces the best results. If you’d like a pretty garnish for your cocktail glass, then a citrus zester will give you a little curlicue. On the other hand, if appearance and size don’t matter, a simple paring knife or peeler will get the job done just fine.\",\n \"No matter which type of citrus you’re working with or method you use, there is one universal rule that will always apply: Remove just the thin, colored skin, or zest, of the fruit. Always leave behind the soft, white pith that lies underneath. The pith has a bitter, unappealing taste that you simply don’t want to include.\",\n \"Removing just the right amount of zest without picking up any of the pith can be tricky, but it gets easier the more times you do it. It depends on the type of tool you’re using, as well as the amount of pressure you apply.\",\n \"Finely grated zest from a microplane: Use in batters and doughs, and other times you want the zest to melt into the dish.\",\n \"Large pieces of zest from a peeler or knife: Use for rimming cocktail glasses and cocktail garnishes, and also for infusing things like oils or sugar syrups.\",\n \"Using a citrus zester: Use moderate pressure to drag the sharp-edged side of the tool down the fruit. This tool produces long, thin, curly strips of zest that are ideal for garnishes.\",\n \"Using a Microplane: Over a cutting board or plate, hold the Microplane in one hand, and use a downward motion and moderate pressure to drag the citrus against the blades of the Microplane. Turn the fruit as you go, removing just the colored portion of the skin. The zest will gather in the groove underneath the Microplane. This tool produces finely grated zest for mixing into batters and doughs.\",\n \"Using a vegetable peeler: Using moderate pressure, so as not to remove any pith, drag the peeler down the citrus fruit, from top to bottom, or around the fruit. This makes large pieces of zest, perfect for infusing oils or sugar syrup. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a knife.\",\n \"Using a paring knife: Be sure the knife you're using is sharp. Carefully cut into the skin and slide the knife around the fruit, between the zest and the pith. Like the peeler, a paring knife gives you large pieces of zest. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a paring knife.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges | Kitchn\\n\\nNewsletters\\n\\nCooking Lessons from The Kitchn\\n\\nHow To\\n\\n# How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges\\n\\nby Kelli Foster\\n\\npublished Jul 29, 2015\\n\\nCommentsJump to Recipe\\n\\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\\nmay earn a commission.\\n\\n(Image credit: Kelli Foster)\\n\\nWhen you want to add a zingy, sweet citrus flavor to food, the juice is good,\\nbut the zest is even better. It has natural oils that will impart way more\\nflavor than you’ll get from juicing. Plus, sometimes all you need is a little\\nbit.\\n\\nSo whether you’re working with lemons, limes, oranges, or any other citrus\\nfruit, there are four easy ways to get your hands on some zest.\\n\\n(Image credit: Kelli Foster)\\n\\n### Four Ways to Zest Citrus\\n\\nThere are four different kitchen tools that can be used to zest citrus fruits:\\na microplane, citrus zester, vegetable peeler, or paring knife. The choice\\nabout which tool to use is entirely up to you. It all depends on how you plan\\nto use the zest and your personal preference.\\n\\nFor finely grated zest that melts into a pound cake or batch of cookies, a\\nmicroplane produces the best results. If you’d like a pretty garnish for your\\ncocktail glass, then a citrus zester will give you a little curlicue. On the\\nother hand, if appearance and size don’t matter, a simple paring knife or\\npeeler will get the job done just fine.\\n\\n### The Most Important Rule of Zesting\\n\\nNo matter which type of citrus you’re working with or method you use, there is\\none universal rule that will always apply: Remove just the thin, colored skin,\\nor zest, of the fruit. Always leave behind the soft, white pith that lies\\nunderneath. The pith has a bitter, unappealing taste that you simply don’t\\nwant to include.\\n\\nRemoving just the right amount of zest without picking up any of the pith can\\nbe tricky, but it gets easier the more times you do it. It depends on the type\\nof tool you’re using, as well as the amount of pressure you apply.\\n\\n### Ways to Use Citrus Zest\\n\\n * Finely grated zest from a microplane: Use in batters and doughs, and other times you want the zest to melt into the dish.\\n * Curly zest from a citrus zester: Use for cocktail garnishes and for candied citrus decorations.\\n * Large pieces of zest from a peeler or knife: Use for rimming cocktail glasses and cocktail garnishes, and also for infusing things like oils or sugar syrups.\\n\\n1 / 7\\n\\nChoose your tool for the job: citrus zester, peeler, paring knife, or\\nMicroplane. (Image credit: Kelli Foster)\\n\\nComments\\n\\n1 Rating\\n\\n## How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges\\n\\n * alcohol-free\\n * egg-free\\n * paleo\\n * kidney-friendly\\n * peanut-free\\n * pork-free\\n * pescatarian\\n * gluten-free\\n * tree-nut-free\\n * low-sodium\\n * red-meat-free\\n * low-fat\\n * dairy-free\\n * fish-free\\n * vegetarian\\n * shellfish-free\\n * vegan\\n * no-oil-added\\n * soy-free\\n * wheat-free\\n\\nPer serving, based on 2 servings. (% daily value)\\n\\n * Calories 49\\n * Fat 0.2 g (0.4%)\\n * Saturated 0.0 g (0.1%)\\n * Carbs 13.9 g (4.6%)\\n * Fiber 3.3 g (13.3%)\\n * Sugars 7.4 g\\n * Protein 1.2 g (2.3%)\\n * Sodium 1.3 mg (0.1%)\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * Lemons\\n * Limes\\n * Oranges\\n\\n#### Equipment\\n\\n * Citrus zester\\n * Vegetable peeler\\n * Paring knife\\n * Microplane\\n * Cutting board\\n\\n### Instructions\\n\\n 1. Wash the fruit: Wash and thoroughly dry the fruit before zesting.\\n\\n 2. Using a citrus zester: Use moderate pressure to drag the sharp-edged side of the tool down the fruit. This tool produces long, thin, curly strips of zest that are ideal for garnishes.\\n\\n 3. Using a Microplane: Over a cutting board or plate, hold the Microplane in one hand, and use a downward motion and moderate pressure to drag the citrus against the blades of the Microplane. Turn the fruit as you go, removing just the colored portion of the skin. The zest will gather in the groove underneath the Microplane. This tool produces finely grated zest for mixing into batters and doughs.\\n\\n 4. Using a vegetable peeler: Using moderate pressure, so as not to remove any pith, drag the peeler down the citrus fruit, from top to bottom, or around the fruit. This makes large pieces of zest, perfect for infusing oils or sugar syrup. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a knife.\\n\\n 5. Using a paring knife: Be sure the knife you're using is sharp. Carefully cut into the skin and slide the knife around the fruit, between the zest and the pith. Like the peeler, a paring knife gives you large pieces of zest. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a paring knife.\\n\\nKelli Foster\\n\\nFood Editor, Plan & Prep\\n\\nKelli is the Food Editor for Plan & Prep content for Kitchn. She's a graduate\\nof the French Culinary Institute and author of the cookbooks, The Probiotic\\nKitchen, Buddha Bowls, and Everyday Freekeh Meals. She lives in New York.\\n\\nFollow Kelli\\n\\nSaveCommentsJump to Recipe\\n\\nFollow us\\n\\nKitchn is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment Therapy,\\nKitchn, and Cubby.\\n\\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\\nit!\\n\\nKitchn is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201026032334/https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Citrus zest is a fantastic way to get a lot of flavor into a recipe. The zest is the colorful skin of citrus fruit and it is packed with flavorful essential oils. Recipes that use zest can be anything from pies to muffins to savory dishes. Most of those recipes call for a specific quantity of zest, but don’t specify how much fruit you need to produce the required amount. In the picture above, you can see a variety of citrus fruit arranged by size, from a lime to a pomelo. The exact amount of fruit you need for any given amount of zest will still vary, but these guidelines should help give you a general idea of how much fruit you need to pick up to make any particular recipe.\",\n \"1 Buddha’s Hand = 1 tbsp zest (but you may need to be creative about zesting, due to the shape)\",\n \"Once your citrus fruit has been zested, it will start to dry out. To keep the juice fresh, wrap the zested citrus in plastic wrap or tuck it into a ziploc bag. You can keep the citrus at room temperature for a day or so, but might want to transfer it to the fridge if you plan to keep it longer than that. Fortunately, many recipes will use both the juice and the zest, so you won’t always have leftover citrus to use up after zesting.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield? - Baking Bites\\n\\nBaking Bites\\n\\n * Recipes\\n\\n * Cookies\\n\\n * Cookies – Bar Cookies and Brownies\\n * Cakes\\n\\n * Cakes – Cheesecake\\n * Cakes – Cupcakes\\n * Cakes – Frosting\\n * Breakfasts\\n\\n * Breads – Quick Breads\\n * Coffee Cake\\n * Muffins\\n * Breads – Yeast Breads\\n * Candies\\n * Crisps and Other Fruit Desserts\\n\\n * Dessert Sauces\\n * Drinks\\n * Frozen Desserts\\n * Pastries\\n\\n * Pies\\n\\n * Pie and Tart Crusts\\n * Puddings, Custards and Mousses\\n * Savory Dishes\\n\\n * Savory Sides & Snacks\\n * Baking How-To’s & Tips\\n\\n * How to Start A Food Blog\\n * Tools & Gadgets\\n\\n * Cookbooks\\n * Product Reviews\\n * Ingredients\\n\\n * Food Reviews\\n * BfoB\\n\\nHow-To's and Tips\\n\\n# How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield?\\n\\nPosted on January 31, 2017\\n\\nCitrus zest is a fantastic way to get a lot of flavor into a recipe. The zest\\nis the colorful skin of citrus fruit and it is packed with flavorful essential\\noils. Recipes that use zest can be anything from pies to muffins to savory\\ndishes. Most of those recipes call for a specific quantity of zest, but don’t\\nspecify how much fruit you need to produce the required amount. In the picture\\nabove, you can see a variety of citrus fruit arranged by size, from a lime to\\na pomelo. The exact amount of fruit you need for any given amount of zest will\\nstill vary, but these guidelines should help give you a general idea of how\\nmuch fruit you need to pick up to make any particular recipe.\\n\\n * 1 Key Lime = 1 tsp zest\\n * 1 Lime (Persian Lime) = 1 – 2 tsp zest\\n * 1 Meyer Lemon = 2 tsp zest\\n * 1 Lemon (Eureka Lemon) = 1 tbsp zest\\n * 1 Tangerine = 2-3 tsp zest\\n * 1 Orange (any variety) = 1 – 1 1/2 tbsp zest\\n * 1 Grapefruit = 1 1/2 – 2 tbsp zest\\n * 1 Buddha’s Hand = 1 tbsp zest (but you may need to be creative about zesting, due to the shape)\\n * 1 Pomelo – 2 tbsp zest\\n\\nCan the fruit be preserved after zesting?\\n\\nOnce your citrus fruit has been zested, it will start to dry out. To keep the\\njuice fresh, wrap the zested citrus in plastic wrap or tuck it into a ziploc\\nbag. You can keep the citrus at room temperature for a day or so, but might\\nwant to transfer it to the fridge if you plan to keep it longer than that.\\nFortunately, many recipes will use both the juice and the zest, so you won’t\\nalways have leftover citrus to use up after zesting.\\n\\nShare this article\\n\\n1\\n\\n * previously\\n\\n##### Biscuit Head: New Southern Biscuits, Breakfasts, and Brunch\\n\\n * up next\\n\\n##### Sour Cream Blueberry Coffee Cake with Brown Sugar Streusel\\n\\n##### You Might Also Like\\n\\n###### What is a crumb coat?\\n\\nPosted on August 11, 2009March 31, 2014\\n\\n###### How to Soften Butter for a Recipe\\n\\nPosted on May 30, 2018\\n\\n###### How to Make Basic Vanilla Pastry Cream\\n\\nPosted on August 29, 2017\\n\\nNo Comments Yet.\\n\\n### What do you think? Cancel reply\\n\\n#### Keep In Touch\\n\\n#### Pumpkin Patch Cupcakes\\n\\n#### Coconut Streusel Coffee Cake\\n\\n#### Strawberry Hand Pies\\n\\n#### Homemade Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Ice Cream Sandwiches\\n\\nMY LATEST COOKBOOK IS NOW AVAILABLE\\n\\nYOU CAN ALSO FIND ME HERE\\n\\nInstagram did not return a 200.\\n\\nCopyrights © 2017 Baking Bites &trade. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180303034601/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to remove orange zest\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Sometimes beauty is only skin deep - the zest of one orange can add pizazz to everything from cakes to cocktails.\",\n \"Carefully slide the paring knife between the rind and the pith to separate. Discard pith. (It’s best to remove the pith as it can taste quite bitter.)\",\n \"Alternatively, run a citrus zester down the length of the orange, removing the rind in long, thin strips. (Citrus zesters are available from specialty kitchen stores.)\",\n \"Orange zest can be frozen for up to six months. Seal in a plastic bag and store in the freezer.\",\n \"You should be able to obtain three to four teaspoons of grated zest from one medium-sized orange (slightly more if the zest is cut into thin strips).\",\n \"Orange zest not only adds flavour to dishes, it also makes a pretty decoration. Candied zest (which has been boiled in sugar syrup, then spread out to dry) is great sprinkled over cakes and muffins, while fresh zest looks nice floating in a fruit punch or cocktail.\",\n \"Orange peel and pith are rich sources of pectin (a soluble fibre that scientists believe helps lower cholesterol) and flavonoids (potent anti-oxidants). Pectin is also what makes jam jell. This is why orange marmalade sets so well and a thickening agent may need to be added to preserves made from other fruits.\",\n \"We collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this site and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on our network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural Advertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices, including how to opt-out here.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to remove orange zest\\n\\nPartnered with\\n\\n# How to remove orange zest\\n\\nImage credit: Chris Court\\n\\nSometimes beauty is only skin deep - the zest of one orange can add pizazz to\\neverything from cakes to cocktails.\\n\\n## Step 1:\\n\\nUsing a vegetable peeler or a small sharp paring knife, remove the rind and\\nwhite pith from the orange.\\n\\n## Step 2:\\n\\nCarefully slide the paring knife between the rind and the pith to separate.\\nDiscard pith. (It’s best to remove the pith as it can taste quite bitter.)\\n\\n## Step 3:\\n\\nSlice the rind into long, thin strips and use as desired.\\n\\n## Step 4:\\n\\nAlternatively, run a citrus zester down the length of the orange, removing the\\nrind in long, thin strips. (Citrus zesters are available from specialty\\nkitchen stores.)\\n\\n## Juicy citrus facts & tips\\n\\n * Orange zest can be frozen for up to six months. Seal in a plastic bag and store in the freezer.\\n * You should be able to obtain three to four teaspoons of grated zest from one medium-sized orange (slightly more if the zest is cut into thin strips).\\n * Orange zest not only adds flavour to dishes, it also makes a pretty decoration. Candied zest (which has been boiled in sugar syrup, then spread out to dry) is great sprinkled over cakes and muffins, while fresh zest looks nice floating in a fruit punch or cocktail.\\n * Orange peel is also used to make fragrances and liqueurs (such as Cointreau).\\n * One orange will supply you with enough vitamin C to last two-and-a-half days.\\n * Orange peel and pith are rich sources of pectin (a soluble fibre that scientists believe helps lower cholesterol) and flavonoids (potent anti-oxidants). Pectin is also what makes jam jell. This is why orange marmalade sets so well and a thickening agent may need to be added to preserves made from other fruits.\\n\\n * Image credit: Chris Court\\n * Publication: Taste.com.au\\n\\n### Shop this week's catalogue now\\n\\nA note about relevant advertising\\n\\nWe collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this\\nsite and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on\\nour network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural\\nAdvertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices,\\nincluding how to opt-out here.\\n\\nCopyright 2018 NewsLifeMedia all rights reserved\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Relevant Ads Opt-Out\\n * Cookie Policy\\n * About us\\n * Advertise\\n * Legal Notices\\n * Contact us\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171202131832/http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to zest citrus with a microplane grater (VIDEO).\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Citrus zest shows up in recipes more often than usual this time of year. Gingerbread, fruitcake, stollen, and various other holiday treats usually call for a little grated lemon or orange peel to add a subtle citrus flavor.\",\n \"But you can’t just go at it like you’re grating a hunk of cheddar. You have to keep a few things in mind to maximize the flavor of your citrus zest and prevent bitterness. Slate’s food and drink editor shows you how.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to zest citrus with a microplane grater (VIDEO).\\n\\nSlate\\n\\nSign In Sign Up\\n\\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\\n\\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\\n\\nSlate\\n\\nSign In Sign Up\\n\\nSlate\\n\\nFood\\n\\nWhat to eat. What not to eat.\\n\\nDec. 16 2013 10:53 AM\\n\\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\\n\\n## It’s not like grating cheese.\\n\\nBy L.V. Anderson, Krishnan Vasudevan, and Chris Wade\\n\\nZest an orange wrong, and your cranberry bread may end up too bitter.\\n\\nJuliana Jiménez Jaramillo for Slate\\n\\nCitrus zest shows up in recipes more often than usual this time of year.\\nGingerbread, fruitcake, stollen, and various other holiday treats usually call\\nfor a little grated lemon or orange peel to add a subtle citrus flavor.\\n\\nBut you can’t just go at it like you’re grating a hunk of cheddar. You have to\\nkeep a few things in mind to maximize the flavor of your citrus zest and\\nprevent bitterness. Slate’s food and drink editor shows you how.\\n\\nFor one of the best ways to employ orange zest, check out Slate’s recipe for\\ncranberry bread.\\n\\nL.V. Anderson is a former Slate associate editor.\\n\\nKrishnan Vasudevan is a regular video contributor to Slate. Follow him on\\nTwitter.\\n\\nChris Wade is a New York-based video and audio producer and an occasional\\ncontributor to Brow Beat.\\n\\nPowered by Livefyre\\n\\nSlate\\n\\nSign In Sign Up\\n\\nFOLLOW SLATE\\n\\n * Twitter\\n * Facebook\\n * Instagram\\n\\nSLATE ON\\n\\n * IPHONE\\n * ANDROID\\n * KINDLE\\n\\n * Reprints\\n * Advertise with us\\n\\n * ABOUT US\\n * CONTACT US\\n * WORK WITH US\\n * USER AGREEMENT\\n * PRIVACY POLICY\\n * FAQ\\n\\n * FEEDBACK\\n * CORRECTIONS\\n\\nSlate Group Panoply\\n\\nSlate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents\\n© 2017 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved.\\n\\nSlate\\n\\nSlate\\n\\nSign In Sign Up\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":372,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1582364,"string":"1,582,364"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Have Fun With a Broken Arm"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To have fun with a broken arm, try entertaining yourself by binging TV shows, reading, or taking an online course. Depending on which arm is broken you can also color, paint, and even write about your experience! When hanging out with friends, don’t worry about your cast limiting you. Though you probably won’t be able to do something like pick-up basketball, you can still play board games like Settlers of Catan or Life or watch a movie at home. If your friends want to go someplace else to hang out, consider going to a play or musical, or maybe visiting a museum, aquarium, or library."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20170630074304/http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/","http://web.archive.org/web/20171104214114/http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20201101020619/https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery","http://web.archive.org/web/20160505070648/http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling","http://web.archive.org/web/20150912001919/http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127","http://web.archive.org/web/20180131203819/https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm","http://web.archive.org/web/20160721111702/http://www.todaysparent.com:80/blogs/run-at-home-mom/my-sons-first-broken-bone/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170630074304/http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171104214114/http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201101020619/https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160505070648/http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150912001919/http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180131203819/https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160721111702/http://www.todaysparent.com:80/blogs/run-at-home-mom/my-sons-first-broken-bone/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1453,"string":"1,453"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170630074304/http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/","parsed_text":{"title":"Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy","passages":["As a parent, it can be especially difficult to keep children entertained when they are in a cast and healing from a broken bone. After dealing with the initial pain that goes along with a broken bone, children typically bounce back quickly and want to resume their normal routines. Unfortunately, sometimes having to wear a cast can make that very challenging. It could be difficult for your child to stay entertained when one of their limbs is restrained by a cast. However, a broken bone doesn’t mean that your child can’t still participate in activities they enjoy.","Of course movies and shows are great for the first few days of healing, but you don’t want your child’s eyes glued to the television the whole time they’re recovering. If you’re struggling to keep your child entertained while they’re restricted by a cast, check out some of the following tips to help them stay busy.","First and foremost, it’s crucial to talk with your doctor about the specific limitations you need to observe and what activities are safe for your child while they are wearing a cast. The last thing you want is to allow your child to be involved in an activity that could make their injury worse and cause more pain. In general, it’s best to stay away from contact sports where your child could collide with another player. Other activities that should be avoided include running, biking, roller skating, and skateboarding due to the risk of falling and reinjury.","If your child is still able to use their legs, walking or hiking is a great activity that will get your child out of the house for some fresh air and to be immersed in nature. This will allow your child to get some fresh air and do something exciting after being cooped up in the house for too long. Check out a new park, hiking trail, or nature center to make the outing extra special.","Museums are educational and often have fun exhibits that you and your child can explore together. Whether it’s a museum of art or science, you’re bound to have hours of fun and learn a little something along the way. As an added bonus, museums are typically wheelchair accessible in the even that your child broke their leg.","Yoga is an activity based on smooth movements and stretches and doesn’t require jarring activity that could potentially cause a reinjury. Find yoga poses that don’t involve your child’s injured limb and act as a yoga teacher to help them perform these exercises. This is a great way for your child to relax, unwind, and strengthen muscles in other parts of the body.","Use these tips to help keep your child engaged during a long recovery period. After the pain from the initial injury subsides, your child will be thrilled to incorporate some of these fun activities into their recovery period.","If your child has experienced an injury and you’re in need of an experienced physician, click here to set up a consultation with a doctor from Premier Orthopaedics. The physicians at Premier Orthopaedics are dedicated to providing comprehensive health care to relieve pain and returning patients to their daily lives.","For more information on what you can do to prevent fractures and fracture treatment methods, click here to download our eBook, Understanding Fracture Care: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment.","Premier Orthopaedics is the largest orthopaedic group in Delaware and Chester counties. Premier provides patients with the full spectrum of orthopaedic services; including bone, muscle and joint care. Patients trust our specialists for their experience, expertise and commitment to exceptional patient care."]},"parsed_md":"Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy - Premier Orthopaedics\n\n * Make Appointment\n * Physicians\n\n * Physicians\n * Specialties\n\n * Complex Fracture Care\n * Concussion\n * Foot & Ankle\n * Hand & Wrist\n * Hip\n * Interventional Pain Management\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Regenerative Medicine\n * Rheumatology\n * Shoulder & Elbow\n * Spine\n * Sports Medicine\n * Locations\n * Patient Resources\n\n * Patient Resources\n * Educational Guides\n * Educational Videos\n * Blog\n * Patient Forms\n * Insurances Accepted\n * Patient Surveys\n * Patient Testimonials\n * Provider Numbers\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Services\n * Patient Portal\n * Contact Us\n * News\n * Events\n\nSearch\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Services\n * Patient Portal\n * Contact Us\n * News\n * Events\n\nAppointments within 24 hours CALL 1.855.ORTHO24 or click here\n\nPremier Orthopaedics\n\n * Physicians\n * Specialties\n\n * Complex Fracture Care\n * Concussion\n * Foot & Ankle\n * Hand & Wrist\n * Hip\n * Interventional Pain Management\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Regenerative Medicine\n * Rheumatology\n * Shoulder & Elbow\n * Spine\n * Sports Medicine\n * Locations\n * Patient Resources\n\n * Patient Resources\n * Educational Guides\n * Educational Videos\n * Blog\n * Patient Forms\n * Insurances Accepted\n * Patient Surveys\n * Patient Testimonials\n * Provider Numbers\n\n# Blog\n\nHome\n\n> Blog\n\n> Orthopaedic Tips\n\n> Tips for Keeping Kids with...\n\n> Premier’s major players knew and respected each other. This sense of\n> community reduced my anxiety and facilitated my recovery.\n\n~ DANIEL LOOSE, West Chester PA\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Best Places to Go For a Hike in Chester County\n * Best Foods To Eat Before and After a Workout\n * Concussions in sports: Rest vs Active Recovery\n * Local Kid-Friendly Activities in Delco and Chester Counties\n * Running Sneakers – Do They Matter?\n\n### Categories\n\n * Arm Pain\n * Arthritis\n * Asthma\n * Back Pain\n * Back Strains\n * Back Surgery\n * Bone Care\n * Clavicle Pain\n * Concussions\n * Fitness Tips\n * Foot and Ankle Surgery\n * Foot and Ankle Tips\n * Foot Disorders\n * Fracture Care\n * Hand and Wrist Surgeries\n * Health Tips\n * Healthy Eating\n * Hip Pain\n * Hip Surgery\n * Joint Pain\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee Injury\n * Local\n * Neck pain\n * News\n * Orthopaedic News\n * Orthopaedic Tips\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Pediatric\n * Physical Therapy\n * Protecting your Wrist\n * Shoulder Injury\n * Shoulder Surgery\n * Spine Conditions\n * Spine Injury\n * Sports Injuries\n * Sports Medicine\n * Sprains and Strains\n * Tendonitis\n * Training Tips\n * Uncategorized\n * Wrist Pain\n\n### Archive\n\n * 2017\n\n * June 2017\n * May 2017\n * April 2017\n * March 2017\n * February 2017\n * January 2017\n * 2016\n\n * December 2016\n * November 2016\n * October 2016\n * September 2016\n * August 2016\n * July 2016\n * June 2016\n * May 2016\n * April 2016\n * March 2016\n * February 2016\n * January 2016\n * 2015\n\n * December 2015\n * November 2015\n * October 2015\n * September 2015\n * August 2015\n * July 2015\n * June 2015\n * May 2015\n * April 2015\n * March 2015\n * February 2015\n * January 2015\n * 2014\n\n * December 2014\n * November 2014\n * October 2014\n * September 2014\n * August 2014\n * July 2014\n * June 2014\n * May 2014\n * March 2014\n\nOctober 15, 2015\n\nPosted by: Premier Orthopaedics\n\n# Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy\n\nCategory: Orthopaedic Tips, Pediatric\n\nAs a parent, it can be especially difficult to keep children entertained when\nthey are in a cast and healing from a broken bone. After dealing with the\ninitial pain that goes along with a broken bone, children typically bounce\nback quickly and want to resume their normal routines. Unfortunately,\nsometimes having to wear a cast can make that very challenging. It could be\ndifficult for your child to stay entertained when one of their limbs is\nrestrained by a cast. However, a broken bone doesn’t mean that your child\ncan’t still participate in activities they enjoy.\n\nOf course movies and shows are great for the first few days of healing, but\nyou don’t want your child’s eyes glued to the television the whole time\nthey’re recovering. If you’re struggling to keep your child entertained while\nthey’re restricted by a cast, check out some of the following tips to help\nthem stay busy.\n\n### Talk to Your Doctor\n\nFirst and foremost, it’s crucial to talk with your doctor about the specific\nlimitations you need to observe and what activities are safe for your child\nwhile they are wearing a cast. The last thing you want is to allow your child\nto be involved in an activity that could make their injury worse and cause\nmore pain. In general, it’s best to stay away from contact sports where your\nchild could collide with another player. Other activities that should be\navoided include running, biking, roller skating, and skateboarding due to the\nrisk of falling and reinjury.\n\n### Walking or Hiking\n\nIf your child is still able to use their legs, walking or hiking is a great\nactivity that will get your child out of the house for some fresh air and to\nbe immersed in nature. This will allow your child to get some fresh air and do\nsomething exciting after being cooped up in the house for too long. Check out\na new park, hiking trail, or nature center to make the outing extra special.\n\n### Museums\n\nMuseums are educational and often have fun exhibits that you and your child\ncan explore together. Whether it’s a museum of art or science, you’re bound to\nhave hours of fun and learn a little something along the way. As an added\nbonus, museums are typically wheelchair accessible in the even that your child\nbroke their leg.\n\n### Yoga\n\nYoga is an activity based on smooth movements and stretches and doesn’t\nrequire jarring activity that could potentially cause a reinjury. Find yoga\nposes that don’t involve your child’s injured limb and act as a yoga teacher\nto help them perform these exercises. This is a great way for your child to\nrelax, unwind, and strengthen muscles in other parts of the body.\n\nUse these tips to help keep your child engaged during a long recovery period.\nAfter the pain from the initial injury subsides, your child will be thrilled\nto incorporate some of these fun activities into their recovery period.\n\nIf your child has experienced an injury and you’re in need of an experienced\nphysician, click here to set up a consultation with a doctor from Premier\nOrthopaedics. The physicians at Premier Orthopaedics are dedicated to\nproviding comprehensive health care to relieve pain and returning patients to\ntheir daily lives.\n\nFor more information on what you can do to prevent fractures and fracture\ntreatment methods, click here to download our eBook, Understanding Fracture\nCare: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment.\n\n#### ABOUT PREMIER ORTHOPAEDICS\n\nPremier Orthopaedics is the largest orthopaedic group in Delaware and Chester\ncounties. Premier provides patients with the full spectrum of orthopaedic\nservices; including bone, muscle and joint care. Patients trust our\nspecialists for their experience, expertise and commitment to exceptional\npatient care.\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * linkedin\n * RSS\n\n### Register for updates\n\n### Latest Posts\n\n * ### Best Places to Go For a Hike in Chester County\n\nJune 15, 2017\n\n * ### Best Foods To Eat Before and After a Workout\n\nMay 2, 2017\n\n * Physicians\n\n * Concussion\n * Complex Fracture Care\n * Foot & Ankle\n * Hand & Wrist\n * Hip\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Regenerative Medicine\n * Interventional Pain Management\n * Rheumatology\n * Shoulder & Elbow\n * Spine\n * Sports Medicine\n\n * Services\n\n * EMG\n * MRI\n * Physical Therapy\n * Urgent Care\n\n * Patient Resources\n\n * Educational Guides\n * Insurances Accepted\n * Patient Surveys\n * Patient Testimonials\n * Provider Numbers\n\n * Locations\n\n * Physicians\n * Physical Therapy\n * MRI\n * Urgent Care\n\n * Popular e-books\n\n * Choosing an Orthopaedic Surgeon\n * Total Hip Replacement Surgery\n * Knee Replacement Surgery\n * Spine & Back Surgery\n * Shoulder Surgery\n * Sports & Spine Injuries\n * Hand & Wrist Pain\n * Concussion Management\n * Understanding Fracture Care\n\nPremier Orthopaedics\n\n * News\n * Events\n * FAQS\n * Site map\n * Privacy policy\n * OrthoShops\n * Apparel Store\n\n© 2016 Premier Orthopaedics |\n\nAppointments within 24 hours CALL 1.855.ORTHO.24\n\nX\n\n### GET YOUR E-BOOK\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171104214114/http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html","parsed_text":{"title":"One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast","passages":["I must say, navigating life without my dominant arm has been an adventure! They say that mastering your non-dominant hand benefits your brain. It’s fun when I notice my left hand and arm getting stronger (carrying a stack of plates from the dining table), more flexible (I can now scrub, shave and deodorize my left pit, yeah baby!), and more skilled (change the sheets on Em’s bed and empty the dishwasher without breaking anything). And I’m learning ways to accomplish everyday tasks we take for granted.","Doing my face and making my hair not look like a rat’s nest is nice when a neighbor stops by unexpectedly to check on me, but it also does a lot of good for my morale and outlook on the day. Learning how to work with my non- dominant hand is like learning from scratch. I thought my tips may help to those who are beauty novices as well as those who may be learning how to work with a non-dominant hand.","Hair Once I got off the painkillers and felt good enough to leave the house for a bit, I made a hair appointment. I asked for lowlights instead of a single process to add depth to my wavy hair and cover gray without visible roots. I told her how I can spray product on my head, but lotions, creams, and hair dryers aren’t happening for a long while. She cut it to let the bangs grow out gracefully and cut long layers that would wave and curl in a beachy way when washed and air dried.","I ordered one of those waterproof cast covers that looks like a giant blue condom, but the largest size was so tight on my upper arm that it worked like a tourniquet making my fingers tingle in just a minute. So I am resigned to baths with my well-wrapped arm sticking out of the tub. I squeeze shampoo directly onto my scalp and scrub it in, and then I slide down to rinse out as much as possible, Karl making sure I don’t slip or miss washing out any product. Conditioner, I squeeze onto the edge of the tub, then scoop it into my hair so I can bypass the scalp and focus on the ends.","When I get out, I put a towel on the bed and bend my head onto it and blot dry. To keep my hair more on the ringlet size and less on the Kip Winger side, I invested in a DevaCurl towel. It’s small enough to use one-handed; I scrunch blot, apply product, then sometimes scrunch blot again if any spot is too drenched. The biggest issue is my bangs; they sometimes curl nicely into my hair, but more often than not they part in the middle and curl up like horns. So I sometimes have Karl point the hairdryer at my roots and I brush my bangs back and forth in a window washer style with a paddle brush (thanks Ted Gibson for the bangs tip!), or use a curling iron and carefully curl them into my hair (random grabs actually work for the bangs, looks more natural).","As for styling products, I have a shelf of spray-bottle products now. Liking Nick Chavez Amazon Infinity Mist for waves, TIGI Bed Head Foxy Curls for ringlets, and once dry, TIGI Bed Head spray shine. For second day, I’ll use Batiste dry shampoo in deep brown which gives body, reduces shine, blends without a ton of rubbing, and provides some control to keep bangs merged with the rest of my hair.","Makeup I’ve put my tube of Miracle Skin Transformer in my medicine cabinet so it’s easy to have a minimum of nice skin each day. It has replaced my traditional moisturizer, going over treatment and serum. I know it may be contaminating the tube, but I squeeze the product directly on my face then blend with my fingers.","If I know I am going somewhere or wake energized, I put on actual foundation and concealer. My foundation (Revlon ColorStay Whipped) is in a jar, so it’s easier to apply. When I started, I would dip my Beauty Blender right in the jar and blend onto the skin. Now I feel confident applying with fingers then using the Beauty Blender to blend around the nose and jawline. Concealer goes over the foundation, using Laura Mercier Secret Camouflage, which is dry enough to not be a smeary mess. I pat it into places with my finger, then go back and blend so it has time to dry a bit. This helps because I don’t have as light or precise of a touch and letting it dry a bit keeps me from rubbing it all off.","Next is brows; I’ve found the easiest and most natural is tarte Amazonian Clay Brow Mousse which is sort of a cream, sort of a wax and comes with its own brush. Not nearly as precise as I like but at least my brows are filled in. Better to be too gentle than too hard of a hand; if need be I can go back and tap the brush where there’s pale spots.","Blush is my best friend these days, it really makes me look finished and healthy. I’ve returned to an old favorite, NARS Orgasm, which gives me a healthy glow and doesn’t make me look like a clown if I am too heavy handed. With less other makeup the shimmer in this blush looks more glowy than disco. I switched to my bareMinerals Flawless Application Face Brush, which is fluffier with longer bristles than my blush brush. A traditional blush or powder brush made obvious streaks if I had too heavy of a hand; this brush gives more of a wash of color.","For eyes, I was curling my lashes until I had quite the mishap. Now I’m just using CoverGirl Clump Crusher Mascara which has a tube that can stand up on its own and doesn’t bend when I open it with my teeth (hello metal capped mascara). The formula is water resistant and a bit dry, so I don’t end up with raccoon eyes from shaky application or tears. I sometimes apply shadow, but just one of the nudes from my Urban Decay Naked Basics 1 palette, also applied with a fluffy brush so there’s no strong lines. As I have gotten more skilled with my left hand, I sometimes add a brown shadow in the crease for dimension. I’ve always felt confident with liquid liner, and when I’m feeling really good I’ll do a thin line with Maybelline Line Stiletto right along the lash line, from middle of lid to outer corner; otherwise I put a dampened slant brush in black or black-brown shadow and tap along the lash line which hides the missing lashes.","As for lips, my daily go-to is Revlon Balm Stain; my two faves are Romantic and Adore. When I go out I sometimes wear Revlon Matte lipstick in Really Red which stays nicely, is elegant, and with my glasses makes me look finished.","Finishing touch is e.l.f. Studio Makeup Mist & Set which helps everything stay in place without looking dry. Not too done, and more refined than a bare face!","Since 2005, Wardrobe Oxygen has helped women realize their beauty and personal style and express it through their wardrobe. With years of experience as an apparel visual merchandiser and stylist, Alison Gary provides advice on how to achieve personal style no matter your age, size, or budget.","Wardrobe Oxygen is a professional blog and makes money through collaborations with brands. When brands pay to be featured on this site, a post will have [Sponsored] in the title and within the copy the relationship will be explained. When a brand provides gifted merchandise, the item will be listed as c/o (courtesy of) and/or in the copy the relationship will be explained. Wardrobe Oxygen uses affiliate links. This means that clicking on and purchasing through a link may earn me a small commission. When a brand pays to have their product or sponsored post featured on social media, the hashtag #ad will be placed in the copy.","I pride myself on honesty and transparency and only partner with brands that I like, use, and find a smart fit for Wardrobe Oxygen. I’ve created a series of posts about the business of blogging to better explain how these partnerships work. If you have any questions about this, do not hesitate to contact me."]},"parsed_md":"One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast - Wardrobe Oxygen\n\nNavigation\n\n * About\n\n * Contact\n * Work With Me\n * Fashion\n\n * Outfit Posts\n\n * Spring\n * Summer\n * Fall Fashion\n * Winter\n * Fashion Advice\n * Fashion Advice\n\n * Corporate Fashion\n * Plus Size Fashion\n * Beauty\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Blogging\n * Travel\n * Entertainment\n * Music\n * Subscribe\n\n * Style File Newsletter\n * Email\n * Feedly\n * Bloglovin’\n\nMarch 31, 2014\n\n# One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast\n\nBeauty\n\nI must say, navigating life without my dominant arm has been an adventure!\nThey say that mastering your non-dominant hand benefits your brain. It’s fun\nwhen I notice my left hand and arm getting stronger (carrying a stack of\nplates from the dining table), more flexible (I can now scrub, shave and\ndeodorize my left pit, yeah baby!), and more skilled (change the sheets on\nEm’s bed and empty the dishwasher without breaking anything). And I’m learning\nways to accomplish everyday tasks we take for granted.\n\nLike makeup. And hair. And bathing.\n\nDoing my face and making my hair not look like a rat’s nest is nice when a\nneighbor stops by unexpectedly to check on me, but it also does a lot of good\nfor my morale and outlook on the day. Learning how to work with my non-\ndominant hand is like learning from scratch. I thought my tips may help to\nthose who are beauty novices as well as those who may be learning how to work\nwith a non-dominant hand.\n\nHair Once I got off the painkillers and felt good enough to leave the house\nfor a bit, I made a hair appointment. I asked for lowlights instead of a\nsingle process to add depth to my wavy hair and cover gray without visible\nroots. I told her how I can spray product on my head, but lotions, creams, and\nhair dryers aren’t happening for a long while. She cut it to let the bangs\ngrow out gracefully and cut long layers that would wave and curl in a beachy\nway when washed and air dried.\n\nI ordered one of those waterproof cast covers that looks like a giant blue\ncondom, but the largest size was so tight on my upper arm that it worked like\na tourniquet making my fingers tingle in just a minute. So I am resigned to\nbaths with my well-wrapped arm sticking out of the tub. I squeeze shampoo\ndirectly onto my scalp and scrub it in, and then I slide down to rinse out as\nmuch as possible, Karl making sure I don’t slip or miss washing out any\nproduct. Conditioner, I squeeze onto the edge of the tub, then scoop it into\nmy hair so I can bypass the scalp and focus on the ends.\n\nWhen I get out, I put a towel on the bed and bend my head onto it and blot\ndry. To keep my hair more on the ringlet size and less on the Kip Winger side,\nI invested in a DevaCurl towel. It’s small enough to use one-handed; I scrunch\nblot, apply product, then sometimes scrunch blot again if any spot is too\ndrenched. The biggest issue is my bangs; they sometimes curl nicely into my\nhair, but more often than not they part in the middle and curl up like horns.\nSo I sometimes have Karl point the hairdryer at my roots and I brush my bangs\nback and forth in a window washer style with a paddle brush (thanks Ted Gibson\nfor the bangs tip!), or use a curling iron and carefully curl them into my\nhair (random grabs actually work for the bangs, looks more natural).\n\nAs for styling products, I have a shelf of spray-bottle products now. Liking\nNick Chavez Amazon Infinity Mist for waves, TIGI Bed Head Foxy Curls for\nringlets, and once dry, TIGI Bed Head spray shine. For second day, I’ll use\nBatiste dry shampoo in deep brown which gives body, reduces shine, blends\nwithout a ton of rubbing, and provides some control to keep bangs merged with\nthe rest of my hair.\n\nMakeup I’ve put my tube of Miracle Skin Transformer in my medicine cabinet so\nit’s easy to have a minimum of nice skin each day. It has replaced my\ntraditional moisturizer, going over treatment and serum. I know it may be\ncontaminating the tube, but I squeeze the product directly on my face then\nblend with my fingers.\n\nIf I know I am going somewhere or wake energized, I put on actual foundation\nand concealer. My foundation (Revlon ColorStay Whipped) is in a jar, so it’s\neasier to apply. When I started, I would dip my Beauty Blender right in the\njar and blend onto the skin. Now I feel confident applying with fingers then\nusing the Beauty Blender to blend around the nose and jawline. Concealer goes\nover the foundation, using Laura Mercier Secret Camouflage, which is dry\nenough to not be a smeary mess. I pat it into places with my finger, then go\nback and blend so it has time to dry a bit. This helps because I don’t have as\nlight or precise of a touch and letting it dry a bit keeps me from rubbing it\nall off.\n\nNext is brows; I’ve found the easiest and most natural is tarte Amazonian Clay\nBrow Mousse which is sort of a cream, sort of a wax and comes with its own\nbrush. Not nearly as precise as I like but at least my brows are filled in.\nBetter to be too gentle than too hard of a hand; if need be I can go back and\ntap the brush where there’s pale spots.\n\nBlush is my best friend these days, it really makes me look finished and\nhealthy. I’ve returned to an old favorite, NARS Orgasm, which gives me a\nhealthy glow and doesn’t make me look like a clown if I am too heavy handed.\nWith less other makeup the shimmer in this blush looks more glowy than disco.\nI switched to my bareMinerals Flawless Application Face Brush, which is\nfluffier with longer bristles than my blush brush. A traditional blush or\npowder brush made obvious streaks if I had too heavy of a hand; this brush\ngives more of a wash of color.\n\nFor eyes, I was curling my lashes until I had quite the mishap. Now I’m just\nusing CoverGirl Clump Crusher Mascara which has a tube that can stand up on\nits own and doesn’t bend when I open it with my teeth (hello metal capped\nmascara). The formula is water resistant and a bit dry, so I don’t end up with\nraccoon eyes from shaky application or tears. I sometimes apply shadow, but\njust one of the nudes from my Urban Decay Naked Basics 1 palette, also applied\nwith a fluffy brush so there’s no strong lines. As I have gotten more skilled\nwith my left hand, I sometimes add a brown shadow in the crease for dimension.\nI’ve always felt confident with liquid liner, and when I’m feeling really good\nI’ll do a thin line with Maybelline Line Stiletto right along the lash line,\nfrom middle of lid to outer corner; otherwise I put a dampened slant brush in\nblack or black-brown shadow and tap along the lash line which hides the\nmissing lashes.\n\nAs for lips, my daily go-to is Revlon Balm Stain; my two faves are Romantic\nand Adore. When I go out I sometimes wear Revlon Matte lipstick in Really Red\nwhich stays nicely, is elegant, and with my glasses makes me look finished.\n\nFinishing touch is e.l.f. Studio Makeup Mist & Set which helps everything stay\nin place without looking dry. Not too done, and more refined than a bare face!\n\nFollow Me | Twitter | Facebook | Instagram\n\nbroken armCastCoverz!\n\nWrite a comment\n\n### you may also like:\n\n * September 6, 2014 Feeling Free\n * February 21, 2014 From the Couch of Alison Gary\n * June 11, 2014 Long Time, No Blog!\n\n#### About Me\n\n#### WARDROBE OXYGEN\n\nSince 2005, Wardrobe Oxygen has helped women realize their beauty and personal\nstyle and express it through their wardrobe. With years of experience as an\napparel visual merchandiser and stylist, Alison Gary provides advice on how to\nachieve personal style no matter your age, size, or budget.\n\nRead More\n\n#### Instagram\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\n#### Nordstrom Fall Sale: The Best Shoes of the Sale\n\nNovember 4, 2017\n\n#### What I Wore: Full Beauty for Fall [Sponsored]\n\nNovember 3, 2017\n\n#### Quitting versus Giving Up\n\nNovember 2, 2017\n\n#### Disclosure\n\nWardrobe Oxygen is a professional blog and makes money through collaborations\nwith brands. When brands pay to be featured on this site, a post will have\n[Sponsored] in the title and within the copy the relationship will be\nexplained. When a brand provides gifted merchandise, the item will be listed\nas c/o (courtesy of) and/or in the copy the relationship will be explained.\nWardrobe Oxygen uses affiliate links. This means that clicking on and\npurchasing through a link may earn me a small commission. When a brand pays to\nhave their product or sponsored post featured on social media, the hashtag #ad\nwill be placed in the copy.\n\nI pride myself on honesty and transparency and only partner with brands that I\nlike, use, and find a smart fit for Wardrobe Oxygen. I’ve created a series of\nposts about the business of blogging to better explain how these partnerships\nwork. If you have any questions about this, do not hesitate to contact me.\n\n@wardrobe_oxygen\n\nCopyright © 2005 - 2017 Wardrobe Oxygen All rights reserved.\n\nBack to Top\n\nPowered by chloédigital\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201101020619/https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery","parsed_text":{"title":"56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery","passages":["Scheduled for surgery? With a little planning, you can make the most of your recovery period. Here is a list full of ideas compiled from Spine-health's social media community to help get you started.","Using these tips prior to your surgery can make your transition from the hospital to your home more seamless. Watch: How to Prep Your Home for Spine Surgery Recovery Video","This list was written specifically for people having back surgery, but many of these suggestions apply to most types of surgery.","Discover new music. Listening to music can be soothing. Explore hundreds of new tunes on the radio or from your favorite music service. Many music streaming services offer free trials.","Watch the movies that you've always wanted to see. Borrow some Blu-rays or DVDs from friends, or check some out from your local library. Don’t forget the classics—if you're on pain medications you may want to watch something that moves a little slower.","Get lost in a good novel. Check out the latest mystery, romance, thriller, or fantasy titles. You could also consider one of the classics, such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Grapes of Wrath, The Old Man and the Sea, The Great Gatsby, The Call of the Wild, or War and Peace. Grab a print version or consider an e-reader.","Learn some card tricks. Many are really quite simple, and YouTube has tons of instructional videos for learning beginner card tricks.","Play classic games with your visitors. Monopoly, Scrabble, Uno, and chess are a few good options. There are many online versions of classic games that you can play with friends even when they're not with you. You can also play with experts online and sharpen your skills.","Brush up on your chess strategy skill while you recover from surgery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery","Subscribe to a streaming service. Access TV shows, movies, documentaries, and more from your Internet-connected TV, tablet, or computer. Your local library may also have an option for a free streaming service. Find a list of the top-rated shows from rottentomatoes.com or other ratings sites to help you choose something to watch.","10. Make music. If approved by your surgeon, try playing an instrument that you enjoy. You could also ask a musical friend to play an instrument or help you to start learning.","Peruse YouTube's top 100 subscribed channels. Several great comedians have their best routines on YouTube, as well as singers and other entertainers.","Play video games. Various game consoles are available from Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony. You can also search for games to play on your computer, smartphone, or tablet.","Try Simon, a classic memory test game. It's not too difficult, so it’s good if the pain medications are affecting your concentration.","Read a joke book. It may help lighten your mood. You can also tell some of these new jokes to your visitors.","Indulge in the at-home spa treatment. Give yourself a manicure or a facial, or look through magazines to find a new hairstyle you'd like to try.","Order your favorite food. With the recent surge in food delivery services—such as GrubHub, UberEats, and DoorDash—it’s easier than ever to have your favorite restaurants deliver right to your door. Just remember to check with your doctor about which foods are appropriate during your recovery.","Open a Pinterest account and start pinning away. Pinterest allows you to create collections of your favorite ideas on different boards. Visit Spine-health’s boards while you’re at it.","Soak up the sun. Sit outside for a while each day to get some sunshine and fresh air. The sun’s rays can help promote vitamin D production—needed for bone health—and may also help release endorphins for a mood boost.^1","Get free therapy online. Make friends with other people who are in similar situations on Spine-health's Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. One member noted: \"...finding this site and spending time here was a great help during recuperation—both in regard to having something to do but also for learning and understanding about our surgeries and recovery, and also being able to help and assist others here—that's why I am still active here 7 months after surgery.\"","Keep a private journal. Some studies have found that regularly expressing your thoughts and emotions, such as in a daily journal, may help reduce stress and improve cognition.^2^,^3","Chronicle your recovery. Use a social media account or start a blog, such as at Wordpress.com. Share the parts of your recovery that you want others to know, and with each post your network of friends and family will be automatically notified.","Join a Facebook Group. Reading about and interacting online with others who are going through similar experiences can be beneficial. Many groups are available for people recovering from surgery, such as the Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. You can also recommend groups to a loved one who is trying to better understand what you’re going through.","Connect with an old friend. Try sending a card or letter via old fashioned mail to an old friend with whom you’ve lost touch. Or find your friend online and reconnect.","Learn to meditate. Meditation is great for reducing stress and producing an overall feeling of calm and well-being, all of which can help during recovery from surgery.","Enjoy a relaxing massage. Massage is a great way to relax and reduce stress. Ask your doctor about the type of massage that is suitable for you and the right time to get one.","Make a photo album. Take this time to put all those old pictures in an album, or to turn your digital prints into physical photos. Consider learning how to create a photo scrapbook or online photo album with all your digital prints using Shutterfly.com, Snapfish.com, or any other online photo service.","Become an expert on a specific subject. Watch documentaries, read books, and perform online research. Ancient Greece? Bird watching? History of golf? Research and learn all about the topics that interest you.","Set up a digital picture frame. Load your best pictures and videos onto a digital frame, such as a Nixplay or Aura, so that you can enjoy them day in and day out. Tell your loved ones to email pictures they take as well—they can auto-upload into the digital picture frame, keeping the images up to date and fresh.","Search Spine-health.com for articles relating to your condition. Read up on postoperative recovery related to your surgery. Start your search here","Make useful gifts the old-fashioned way. Knit or crochet a baby blanket for someone who's expecting a baby soon, needlepoint a gift, or make advance holiday gifts. Doing something with your hands while listening to music or an audiobook can be truly relaxing.","Plan out your home chores. Make a list for all those odd jobs that need to get done around the home.","Organize your home. Inventory all the stuff you want to get rid of around your home or garage. Donate it or sell it on eBay or Craigslist.","Create a Wikipedia page. Help build the online encyclopedia Wikipedia by editing or starting any topic where you have expertise.","Learning origami may help take your mind off of the more painful portions of back surgery recovery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery","Plan your meal prep for later. Create a list of recipes that are easy to prepare that you can make once you're up and around but still recovering. You can also keep track of them online with Pinterest.","Start learning a new language. Maybe you’ve always wanted to know another language, or perhaps you’re planning an international trip. Various software programs are available for learning languages. Many libraries carry the Rosetta Stone program, or you can download language apps to your phone or tablet.","Research health professionals. Look up the health professionals that you plan to consult once you are ready to get out and moving, such as massage therapists, physical therapists, or personal trainers. It’s also a good idea to call your insurance and check your coverage and the in-network practices.","Order personalized stationery. Personalized address stamps or stickers can be useful if you plan to send out annual cards. You can also design your own card and update your address list.","Write a short thank you (or love note). Express your feelings through written notes to the person who is caring for you and put it in the same place for them to find each day.","Help a local animal shelter’s pets find their forever homes. You can share pet photos and stories on your social media accounts, such as Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, or others.","Encourage others. Send an email or note of encouragement to someone you know who might also be going through a difficult time.","Take time to listen to your visitors. If you have friends and family visiting during your recovery, encourage them to talk about themselves and their lives. It will go a long way to help take your mind off the pain.","Teach someone about something you know. Whatever your expertise, there is someone you can help out by passing it on. If you have learned a lot from your health experience and surgery, share what you've learned with others in our Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook.","Consider donating to charity. You can research charitable causes online. Websites like GoFundMe let you give money to support someone in need.","Acknowledge the service of people in your community. Consider emailing thank you notes to anyone in a service role, such as your local police, your country's service personnel, or your children's teachers.","Volunteer from your home. See if you can volunteer for an organization that allows you to call and talk to people who are lonely, such as people in nursing homes or people confined to their house.","Plan future volunteer opportunities. Think about a cause you might want to volunteer for after you’ve recovered and have more energy. You can research volunteer opportunities near you at nationalservice.gov, justserve.org, and dosomething.org.","Try to walk regularly. Start with short walks, as tolerated, and gradually work up to longer walks as your recovery progresses. For encouragement, consider using a Fitbit or other wearable device that tracks your steps, or walk with a friend. Only walk on flat ground and clutter-flee floors to reduce the risk for a fall.","Go to a store. If you can't walk much yet, have someone drive you to Walmart or Target for items that you may need. You can ride one of the motorized scooters to get around the store.","Perform gentle exercises and stretches. While it is important to avoid any movements that your surgeon has prohibited—such as bending, lifting, or twisting after back surgery—some exercises and stretches may be helpful in your recovery.","Sign up for water therapy. Water exercise can be gentle on your back, as the water supports you while you exercise and prevents any jarring motion.","Consult with your surgeon and health care team before choosing a new activity while you recover from surgery. Also, many of these ideas require a laptop/tablet and Internet access. If you don't have a laptop/tablet, you can buy an inexpensive one or borrow one from a friend or family member. Wireless Internet is a good idea so you can access the Internet from your bed, a recliner, or wherever you're most comfortable.","1.Juzeniene A, Moan J. Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012; 4(2):109-17. doi: 10.4161/derm.20013","This site is for educational purposes only; no information is intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. The information is produced and reviewed by over 200 medical professionals with the goal of providing trusted, uniquely informative information for people with painful health conditions. Our forums do not include medical advice and are for emotional support only."]},"parsed_md":"56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\n\nSkip to main content\n\nArthritis-health.com Sports-health.com\n\nConditions\n\nTreatment\n\nWellness\n\nVideos\n\n### Conditions\n\n * Arthritis\n * Chronic Pain\n * Degenerative Disc Disease\n * Herniated Disc\n * Lower Back Pain\n * Neck Pain\n * Osteoporosis\n * Sciatica\n * Spinal Stenosis\n * All Conditions\n\n### Treatment\n\n * Alternative Care\n * Artificial Disc Replacement\n * Back Surgery\n * Chiropractic\n * Injections\n * Pain Management\n * Pain Medication\n * Physical Therapy\n * Spinal Fusion\n * All Treatments\n\n### Wellness\n\n * Ergonomics\n * Exercise\n * Massage Therapy\n * Nutrition, Diet, and Weight Loss\n * Sleep\n * Stop Smoking\n * Yoga, Pilates, and Tai Chi\n * All Wellness\n\n### Videos\n\n * Degenerative Disc Disease Videos\n * Exercise Videos\n * Herniated Disc Videos\n * Injection Videos\n * Lower Back Pain Videos\n * Neck Pain Videos\n * Sciatica Videos\n * Spinal Stenosis Videos\n * Surgery Videos\n * All Videos\n\n### Quick Links\n\n * Blog\n * Find a Doctor or Spine Center\n * Videos\n * Education Centers (Sponsored)\n * Free Newsletters\n\n## You are here\n\n * Blog\n * 56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\n\n# 56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\n\nshare pin it Newsletters\n\nBy David DeWitt, MD\n\nUpdated: 01/09/2020\n\nScheduled for surgery? With a little planning, you can make the most of your\nrecovery period. Here is a list full of ideas compiled from Spine-health's\nsocial media community to help get you started.\n\nSave\n\nUsing these tips prior to your surgery can make your transition from the\nhospital to your home more seamless. Watch: How to Prep Your Home for Spine\nSurgery Recovery Video\n\nThis list was written specifically for people having back surgery, but many of\nthese suggestions apply to most types of surgery.\n\n## You'll need some pure entertainment to pass the time.\n\n 1. Discover new music. Listening to music can be soothing. Explore hundreds of new tunes on the radio or from your favorite music service. Many music streaming services offer free trials.\n 2. Watch the movies that you've always wanted to see. Borrow some Blu-rays or DVDs from friends, or check some out from your local library. Don’t forget the classics—if you're on pain medications you may want to watch something that moves a little slower.\n 3. Get lost in a good novel. Check out the latest mystery, romance, thriller, or fantasy titles. You could also consider one of the classics, such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Grapes of Wrath, The Old Man and the Sea, The Great Gatsby, The Call of the Wild, or War and Peace. Grab a print version or consider an e-reader.\n 4. Listen to audiobooks. Sometimes it's easier to listen to a book than to read.\n 5. Learn some card tricks. Many are really quite simple, and YouTube has tons of instructional videos for learning beginner card tricks.\n 6. Play classic games with your visitors. Monopoly, Scrabble, Uno, and chess are a few good options. There are many online versions of classic games that you can play with friends even when they're not with you. You can also play with experts online and sharpen your skills.\n\nSave\n\nBrush up on your chess strategy skill while you recover from surgery. See\nPractical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\n\n 7. Subscribe to a streaming service. Access TV shows, movies, documentaries, and more from your Internet-connected TV, tablet, or computer. Your local library may also have an option for a free streaming service. Find a list of the top-rated shows from rottentomatoes.com or other ratings sites to help you choose something to watch.\n 8. Solve crossword puzzles. Explore word puzzles or try a numbers version of crosswords like sudoku or kakuro.\n 9. Master a new puzzle type. Have you ever completed a Rubik’s cube? How about a peg-jumping puzzle?\n 10. 10\\. Make music. If approved by your surgeon, try playing an instrument that you enjoy. You could also ask a musical friend to play an instrument or help you to start learning.\n 11. Peruse YouTube's top 100 subscribed channels. Several great comedians have their best routines on YouTube, as well as singers and other entertainers.\n 12. Play video games. Various game consoles are available from Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony. You can also search for games to play on your computer, smartphone, or tablet.\n 13. Try Simon, a classic memory test game. It's not too difficult, so it’s good if the pain medications are affecting your concentration.\n 14. Read a joke book. It may help lighten your mood. You can also tell some of these new jokes to your visitors.\n 15. Indulge in the at-home spa treatment. Give yourself a manicure or a facial, or look through magazines to find a new hairstyle you'd like to try.\n 16. Order your favorite food. With the recent surge in food delivery services—such as GrubHub, UberEats, and DoorDash—it’s easier than ever to have your favorite restaurants deliver right to your door. Just remember to check with your doctor about which foods are appropriate during your recovery.\n 17. Open a Pinterest account and start pinning away. Pinterest allows you to create collections of your favorite ideas on different boards. Visit Spine-health’s boards while you’re at it.\n\nadvertisement\n\n## You'll need emotional care and support.\n\n 18. Soak up the sun. Sit outside for a while each day to get some sunshine and fresh air. The sun’s rays can help promote vitamin D production—needed for bone health—and may also help release endorphins for a mood boost.^1\n 19. Get free therapy online. Make friends with other people who are in similar situations on Spine-health's Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. One member noted: \"...finding this site and spending time here was a great help during recuperation—both in regard to having something to do but also for learning and understanding about our surgeries and recovery, and also being able to help and assist others here—that's why I am still active here 7 months after surgery.\"\n 20. Keep a private journal. Some studies have found that regularly expressing your thoughts and emotions, such as in a daily journal, may help reduce stress and improve cognition.^2^,^3\n 21. Chronicle your recovery. Use a social media account or start a blog, such as at Wordpress.com. Share the parts of your recovery that you want others to know, and with each post your network of friends and family will be automatically notified.\n 22. Join a Facebook Group. Reading about and interacting online with others who are going through similar experiences can be beneficial. Many groups are available for people recovering from surgery, such as the Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. You can also recommend groups to a loved one who is trying to better understand what you’re going through.\n 23. Connect with an old friend. Try sending a card or letter via old fashioned mail to an old friend with whom you’ve lost touch. Or find your friend online and reconnect.\n 24. Learn to meditate. Meditation is great for reducing stress and producing an overall feeling of calm and well-being, all of which can help during recovery from surgery.\n 25. Enjoy a relaxing massage. Massage is a great way to relax and reduce stress. Ask your doctor about the type of massage that is suitable for you and the right time to get one.\n\nSee Massage Therapy for Lower Back Pain\n\n 26. Visit Spine-health’s wellness sections. You can find more tips about massage, nutrition, exercise, and other ways to maintain wellness.\n\nRead more in our Wellness Health Center\n\n## Feeling productive and getting things done will help you along.\n\n 27. Make a photo album. Take this time to put all those old pictures in an album, or to turn your digital prints into physical photos. Consider learning how to create a photo scrapbook or online photo album with all your digital prints using Shutterfly.com, Snapfish.com, or any other online photo service.\n 28. Plan a future getaway. Research and plan ahead for your next vacation.\n 29. Become an expert on a specific subject. Watch documentaries, read books, and perform online research. Ancient Greece? Bird watching? History of golf? Research and learn all about the topics that interest you.\n 30. Set up a digital picture frame. Load your best pictures and videos onto a digital frame, such as a Nixplay or Aura, so that you can enjoy them day in and day out. Tell your loved ones to email pictures they take as well—they can auto-upload into the digital picture frame, keeping the images up to date and fresh.\n 31. Search Spine-health.com for articles relating to your condition. Read up on postoperative recovery related to your surgery. Start your search here\n 32. Make useful gifts the old-fashioned way. Knit or crochet a baby blanket for someone who's expecting a baby soon, needlepoint a gift, or make advance holiday gifts. Doing something with your hands while listening to music or an audiobook can be truly relaxing.\n 33. Plan out your home chores. Make a list for all those odd jobs that need to get done around the home.\n 34. Organize your home. Inventory all the stuff you want to get rid of around your home or garage. Donate it or sell it on eBay or Craigslist.\n 35. Write creatively. Get started on that short story or novel that you've always wanted to write.\n 36. Create a Wikipedia page. Help build the online encyclopedia Wikipedia by editing or starting any topic where you have expertise.\n 37. Learn origami. Create beautiful origami gift boxes or figures.\n\nSave\n\nLearning origami may help take your mind off of the more painful portions of\nback surgery recovery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\n\n 38. Plan your meal prep for later. Create a list of recipes that are easy to prepare that you can make once you're up and around but still recovering. You can also keep track of them online with Pinterest.\n 39. Start learning a new language. Maybe you’ve always wanted to know another language, or perhaps you’re planning an international trip. Various software programs are available for learning languages. Many libraries carry the Rosetta Stone program, or you can download language apps to your phone or tablet.\n 40. Research health professionals. Look up the health professionals that you plan to consult once you are ready to get out and moving, such as massage therapists, physical therapists, or personal trainers. It’s also a good idea to call your insurance and check your coverage and the in-network practices.\n\nSee Specialists Who Treat Back Pain\n\n 41. Order personalized stationery. Personalized address stamps or stickers can be useful if you plan to send out annual cards. You can also design your own card and update your address list.\n 42. Learn calligraphy. Amaze your friends and family when addressing this year’s greeting cards with creative calligraphy writing.\n\n## Doing good for others will also help you feel better.\n\n 43. Write a short thank you (or love note). Express your feelings through written notes to the person who is caring for you and put it in the same place for them to find each day.\n 44. Appreciate your hospital staff. Go on the hospital's social media sites and comment on the positive experiences you had.\n 45. Help a local animal shelter’s pets find their forever homes. You can share pet photos and stories on your social media accounts, such as Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, or others.\n 46. Encourage others. Send an email or note of encouragement to someone you know who might also be going through a difficult time.\n 47. Take time to listen to your visitors. If you have friends and family visiting during your recovery, encourage them to talk about themselves and their lives. It will go a long way to help take your mind off the pain.\n 48. Teach someone about something you know. Whatever your expertise, there is someone you can help out by passing it on. If you have learned a lot from your health experience and surgery, share what you've learned with others in our Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook.\n 49. Consider donating to charity. You can research charitable causes online. Websites like GoFundMe let you give money to support someone in need.\n 50. Acknowledge the service of people in your community. Consider emailing thank you notes to anyone in a service role, such as your local police, your country's service personnel, or your children's teachers.\n 51. Volunteer from your home. See if you can volunteer for an organization that allows you to call and talk to people who are lonely, such as people in nursing homes or people confined to their house.\n 52. Plan future volunteer opportunities. Think about a cause you might want to volunteer for after you’ve recovered and have more energy. You can research volunteer opportunities near you at nationalservice.gov, justserve.org, and dosomething.org.\n\nadvertisement\n\n## Getting mobile again will do you a world of good\n\n 53. Try to walk regularly. Start with short walks, as tolerated, and gradually work up to longer walks as your recovery progresses. For encouragement, consider using a Fitbit or other wearable device that tracks your steps, or walk with a friend. Only walk on flat ground and clutter-flee floors to reduce the risk for a fall.\n\nSee Exercise Walking for Better Back Health\n\n 54. Go to a store. If you can't walk much yet, have someone drive you to Walmart or Target for items that you may need. You can ride one of the motorized scooters to get around the store.\n 55. Perform gentle exercises and stretches. While it is important to avoid any movements that your surgeon has prohibited—such as bending, lifting, or twisting after back surgery—some exercises and stretches may be helpful in your recovery.\n\nSee Easy Exercise Program for Low Back Pain Relief\n\n 56. Sign up for water therapy. Water exercise can be gentle on your back, as the water supports you while you exercise and prevents any jarring motion.\n\nSee Water Therapy Exercise Program\n\nConsult with your surgeon and health care team before choosing a new activity\nwhile you recover from surgery. Also, many of these ideas require a\nlaptop/tablet and Internet access. If you don't have a laptop/tablet, you can\nbuy an inexpensive one or borrow one from a friend or family member. Wireless\nInternet is a good idea so you can access the Internet from your bed, a\nrecliner, or wherever you're most comfortable.\n\n## Learn more:\n\nRehabilitation After Spine Surgery\n\nRehabilitation and Exercise Following Spine Surgery\n\n## References\n\n * 1.Juzeniene A, Moan J. Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012; 4(2):109-17. doi: 10.4161/derm.20013\n * 2.Klein K, Boals A Expressive writing can increase working memory capacity. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001; 130(2): 520-33.\n * 3.Langens TA, Schuler J. Effects of written emotional expression: the role of positive expectancies. Health Psychol. 2007; 26(2): 174-82.\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Editor's Top Picks\n\nVideo: Questions to Ask Your Spine Surgeon\n\nPreparation Before Back Surgery\n\nVideo: Am I a Candidate for Back Surgery?\n\nPractical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\n\nPain Management at Home after ACDF\n\nHow to Prep Your Home for Spine Surgery Recovery Video\n\nPain Topics\n\n * Back Surgery\n * Chiropractic\n * Degenerative Disc Disease\n * Exercise/Fitness\n * Herniated Disc\n * Lower Back Pain\n * Neck Pain\n * Osteoporosis / Fracture\n * Sacroiliac Joint Pain\n * Sciatica\n * Spinal Fusion\n * Spinal Stenosis\n * Spinal Tumor\n * Upper Back Pain\n * Find a Back Doctor\n * All Pain Topics A - Z\n\nadvertisement\n\nadvertisement\n\n * Latest\n * Top Videos\n * Top Articles\n\n * Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injections for Low Back Pain and Sciatica\n * Back Pain in Pregnancy\n * Back Pain After Pregnancy\n * Cervical Bone Spurs Symptoms and Causes Animation\n * Text Neck Symptoms and Causes Video\n\n * Lumbar Herniated Disc Video\n * Sciatica Animated Video\n * Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease Video\n * Piriformis Syndrome Video\n * Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction Video\n\n * Lower Back Pain Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment\n * Sciatica Exercises for Sciatica Pain Relief\n * What You Need to Know About Sciatica\n * Leg Pain and Numbness: What Might These Symptoms Mean?\n * Stiff Neck Causes, Symptoms and Treatment\n\nFind a Spine Center\n\nadvertisement\n\nHealth Information (Sponsored)\n\nSubscribe to Our Newsletters Get Veritas Health eNewsletters delivered to your\ninbox.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nSpine-health.com Resources\n\n * Authors\n * Education Centers\n * En Español\n * Find a Back Doctor\n * Find a Spine Center\n * Find Support\n * Glossary\n * Join Our Physician Directory\n * Spine Pain Topics\n\nAbout Veritas Health\n\n * About Us\n * Accessibility\n * Advertising and Sponsorship Guidelines\n * Awards\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Editorial Process\n * Press Room\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Other Veritas Health Websites:\n * Arthritis-health\n * Sports-health\n * Pain-health\n\nView site: Desktop | Mobile\n\nThis site is for educational purposes only; no information is intended or\nimplied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. The information is\nproduced and reviewed by over 200 medical professionals with the goal of\nproviding trusted, uniquely informative information for people with painful\nhealth conditions. Our forums do not include medical advice and are for\nemotional support only.\n\n© 1999-2020 Veritas Health, LLC. All rights reserved. Veritas Health, LLC, 520\nLake Cook Road, Suite 350, Deerfield, IL, 60015.\n\nprime | version.2020.05.028-2020.05.006\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160505070648/http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling","parsed_text":{"title":"8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling","passages":["Doctors by their medical specialty:| Specialty name (e.g. \"orthopedic surgery\") Group practice or hospital:| Practice or hospital name (e.g. \"Pinnacle Hospital\") Specific Doctor:| Doctor’s name (e.g. \"Dr. Smith\" or \"John Smith\")","You may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling helps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or collarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others will wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it, wearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical tips for coping with your sling.","Your doctor will give you specific instructions for wearing your sling. If you had surgery, you will likely wear the sling until your follow-up appointment. You will gradually decrease your sling use. As you heal from an injury or surgery, you may only need it while awake, or at night, or as needed for comfort. While wearing your sling, move your fingers and wrist several times a day to prevent stiffness.","The sling strap goes from the elbow of the injured arm, across your back to the opposite shoulder, and down across your chest to the wrist of the injured arm. You can attach the strap before you put it on and adjust it after it’s in position. Your hand should be at or above the level of your elbow. Adjust the strap pad comfortably near your neck. Ask your doctor to review your sling’s instructions with you.","You may or may not need help bathing for the first few weeks in a sling. If your injury is minor, your doctor may allow you to remove the sling and bathe freely. For more severe injuries or surgery, your doctor may tell you to remove the sling but not to use your injured arm to bathe. This means you will need someone to wash your healthy arm.","Dressing will also depend on the severity of your injury. You may be able to dress normally with a mild injury. For more severe injuries and surgery, wearing shirts that open in front will be easiest. Slide your injured arm in first and proceed to finish dressing. If your dominant arm is injured, fasteners may be a challenge. You may need help with zippers or buttons, and find that snaps are easier. Resist the urge to use your injured arm.","It can be difficult to get comfortable while sleeping with a shoulder sling. Try propping your arm with pillows, sleeping on your back, propping your whole upper body, or sleeping in a reclining chair. If sleeping is not going well, talk with your doctor about whether wearing the sling at night is absolutely essential.","Remember to use your healthy arm for all daily activities. These activities include eating, preparing meals, using the toilet, and moving between sitting, standing and lying down. This can be quite a challenge if your dominant arm is injured. It will take some practice, some help from others, and some creativity. You should avoid housework and vigorous activities until your doctor clears it.","People often need physical therapy to recover from a severe injury or shoulder surgery. You will need to remove your sling to complete your exercises. This rehabilitation is vital to prevent joint stiffness and regain joint function. You will likely progress from simple range-of-motion exercises to strengthening exercises. Follow your therapist’s instructions for wearing your sling.","For most shoulder slings, you can hand wash them and let them air dry. You can do this occasionally if it gets dirty or if you only use it for comfort. If you are wearing your sling continually, you may want to consider having two slings. Have one to wear while the other dries.","You may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling helps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or collarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others will wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it, wearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical tips for coping with your sling.","© 2016 Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced or reprinted without permission from Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. Use of this information is governed by the Healthgrades User Agreement."]},"parsed_md":"8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling | Healthgrades\n\nPatients:\n\nSign up or Login\n\nSign Up For Free\n\n * Save doctors & hospitals\n * Add private notes\n * Connect at home & on-the-go\n\nLogin\n\nDoctors:\n\nUpdate your free profile\n\nWelcome\n\n * Dashbord\n * My Doctors\n * My Hospitals\n * My HealthStories\n\n * Account Settings\n * My Profile\n * Account & Preferences\n * Logout\n\nDoctors Dentists Hospitals\n\n## New! Healthgrades gives you 4 ways to find the right care:\n\nTO FIND:| ENTER: \n---|--- \nDoctors with experience in your treatment:|\n\nHealth condition (e.g. \"rheumatoid arthritis\") Medical procedure (e.g. \"total\nknee replacement\") \n \nDoctors by their medical specialty:| Specialty name (e.g. \"orthopedic\nsurgery\") \nGroup practice or hospital:| Practice or hospital name (e.g. \"Pinnacle\nHospital\") \nSpecific Doctor:| Doctor’s name (e.g. \"Dr. Smith\" or \"John Smith\") \n \n * Main\n * Rotator Cuff Surgery\n * 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nView All \"Rotator Cuff Surgery\" Articles\n\n# 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nBy\n\nSarah Lewis, PharmD\n\nWas this helpful? (55)\n\n8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nSarah Lewis, PharmD\n\n * 1\n\nYou may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling\nhelps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or\ncollarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others\nwill wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it,\nwearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical\ntips for coping with your sling.\n\nShoulder Slings\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Fa7%2F39%2F02b1f7964be09f3c159d9a67f007%2Fimage-\narm-in-sling.jpg\n\n * 2\n\nYour doctor will give you specific instructions for wearing your sling. If you\nhad surgery, you will likely wear the sling until your follow-up appointment.\nYou will gradually decrease your sling use. As you heal from an injury or\nsurgery, you may only need it while awake, or at night, or as needed for\ncomfort. While wearing your sling, move your fingers and wrist several times a\nday to prevent stiffness.\n\n1\\. Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions on When to Wear Your Sling\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ffd%2F63%2Fcf8a96224eceb3500c7853b0c2b0%2Fimage-\ndoctor-adjusting-arm-sling.jpg\n\n * 3\n\nThe sling strap goes from the elbow of the injured arm, across your back to\nthe opposite shoulder, and down across your chest to the wrist of the injured\narm. You can attach the strap before you put it on and adjust it after it’s in\nposition. Your hand should be at or above the level of your elbow. Adjust the\nstrap pad comfortably near your neck. Ask your doctor to review your sling’s\ninstructions with you.\n\n2\\. Wear Your Shoulder Sling Properly\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F09%2F9f%2Ff9c83c794165a107947fed7bbc62%2Fimage-\ndoctor-helping-patient-with-arm-in-sling.jpg\n\n * 4\n\nYou may or may not need help bathing for the first few weeks in a sling. If\nyour injury is minor, your doctor may allow you to remove the sling and bathe\nfreely. For more severe injuries or surgery, your doctor may tell you to\nremove the sling but not to use your injured arm to bathe. This means you will\nneed someone to wash your healthy arm.\n\n3\\. Take Care When Bathing\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Faa%2F5c%2Fdb38cb294662b627d0ca30665e29%2Fimage-\nbathroom-showerhead.jpg\n\n * 5\n\nDressing will also depend on the severity of your injury. You may be able to\ndress normally with a mild injury. For more severe injuries and surgery,\nwearing shirts that open in front will be easiest. Slide your injured arm in\nfirst and proceed to finish dressing. If your dominant arm is injured,\nfasteners may be a challenge. You may need help with zippers or buttons, and\nfind that snaps are easier. Resist the urge to use your injured arm.\n\n4\\. You May Need Help Getting Dressed\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F68%2Fda%2Fc9b73921464d8d5a3ff01344d044%2Fimage-\nblue-shirt.jpg\n\n * 6\n\nIt can be difficult to get comfortable while sleeping with a shoulder sling.\nTry propping your arm with pillows, sleeping on your back, propping your whole\nupper body, or sleeping in a reclining chair. If sleeping is not going well,\ntalk with your doctor about whether wearing the sling at night is absolutely\nessential.\n\n5\\. You May Need to Adjust the Way You Sleep\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F5e%2F23%2F1effeaf448059623493dac778d9a%2Fimage-\nwoman-sleeping-on-sofa.jpg\n\n * 7\n\nRemember to use your healthy arm for all daily activities. These activities\ninclude eating, preparing meals, using the toilet, and moving between sitting,\nstanding and lying down. This can be quite a challenge if your dominant arm is\ninjured. It will take some practice, some help from others, and some\ncreativity. You should avoid housework and vigorous activities until your\ndoctor clears it.\n\n6\\. Use Your Healthy Arm for Daily Activities\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ff7%2F0a%2F3242c1594d8bb4dc61fe226ee2a1%2Fimage-\nhand-picking-at-bagel.jpg\n\n * 8\n\nPeople often need physical therapy to recover from a severe injury or shoulder\nsurgery. You will need to remove your sling to complete your exercises. This\nrehabilitation is vital to prevent joint stiffness and regain joint function.\nYou will likely progress from simple range-of-motion exercises to\nstrengthening exercises. Follow your therapist’s instructions for wearing your\nsling.\n\n7\\. Stick With Your Physical Therapy\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ffd%2F92%2F06a1e383464c9f947d8e5841cd6a%2Fistock-000019024621-extrasmall.jpg\n\n * 9\n\nFor most shoulder slings, you can hand wash them and let them air dry. You can\ndo this occasionally if it gets dirty or if you only use it for comfort. If\nyou are wearing your sling continually, you may want to consider having two\nslings. Have one to wear while the other dries.\n\n8\\. Keep Your Shoulder Sling Clean\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Fd6%2F92%2F1d25006446d6b3cc32ca231897c7%2Fimage-\ntap-water.jpg\n\nThumbnails Replay Slideshow\n\n1 of 10\n\n## Shoulder Slings\n\nYou may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling\nhelps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or\ncollarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others\nwill wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it,\nwearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical\ntips for coping with your sling.\n\nWas this helpful? (55)\n\nMedically Reviewed By: William C. Lloyd III, MD, FACS | Last Review Date: Jun\n16, 2014\n\n© 2016 Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be\nreproduced or reprinted without permission from Healthgrades Operating\nCompany, Inc. Use of this information is governed by the Healthgrades User\nAgreement.\n\nView Sources\n\n#### Medical References\n\n 1. Instructions for Wearing Your Shoulder Immobilizer Brace. Johns Hopkins University. http://www.hopkinsortho.org/orthopedicsurgery/ShoulderImmobilizer.pdf.\n 2. Postoperative Shoulder. National Association of Orthopedic Nurses. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=26&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CE0QFjAFOBQ&url=....\n 3. Rotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options. American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406.\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n### You Might Also Like\n\n### Are You a Good Candidate for Rotator Cuff Surgery?\n\n### 7 Steps to a Successful Rotator Cuff Surgery\n\nView Slideshow\n\n### 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nView Slideshow\n\n### Finding the Right Doctor for Rotator Cuff Surgery\n\n * Providers by Specialty\n\n * All Specialties\n * Cardiologists\n * Chiropractors\n * Clinical Psychologists\n * Counselors\n * Dentists\n * Dermatologist\n * Ear, Nose & Throat\n * Endocrinologists\n * Family Practitioners\n * Gastroenterologists\n * General Surgeons\n * Geriatricians\n * Gynecologists & Obstetricians\n * Hematologists\n * Internists\n * Nephrologists\n * Neurologists\n * Neurosurgeons\n * Ophthalmologists\n * Orthopedic Surgeons\n * Pain Medicine\n * Pediatricians\n * Plastic Surgeons\n * Psychiatrists\n * Psychologists\n * Rheumatologists\n * Sports Medicine\n * Urologists\n * Hospital and Group Practices\n\n * Affiliated Hospitals\n * Affiliated Physician\n * Dialysis Centers\n * Find a Dentist\n * Find a Doctor\n * Find a Hospital\n * Group Practices\n * Hospitals\n * Search Provider by Name\n * Procedures\n\n * Colonoscopy\n * Dialysis\n * Endoscopy\n * Gastric Bypass\n * Hormonal Therapy\n * Hysterectomy\n * Laparoscopy\n * LASIK\n * Liposuction\n * Vasectomy\n * View All Articles\n * Conditions\n\n * View All Conditions\n * View All Symptoms\n * Health Guides\n\n * For Patients\n\n * Find the Right Doctor\n * Find the Right Hospital\n * Hospital Quality\n * Quality & Transparency\n * Our Health\n * Right Diagnosis\n * Sign Up\n * Log In\n * Review Doctors\n * Health Guides\n * Health Stories\n * For Providers\n\n * Promote Your Practice\n * FAQs\n * Log In to Your Account\n * For Partners\n\n * Healthgrades for Hospitals\n * Hospital Client Log In\n * Advertise With Us\n * Quality Use Guidelines\n * About Us\n\n * Our Company\n * Press Room\n * Careers\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n * Advertising Policy\n * HG Blog\n * Regional Pocket Guides\n\nConnect With Us\n\n© Copyright Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. Patent US Nos. 7,752,060 and\n8,719,052. All Rights Reserved. Third Party materials included herein\nprotected under copyright law.\n\nUse of this website and any information contained herein is governed by the\nHealthgrades User Agreement.\n\n#### PREVIOUS ARTICLE:\n\nRotator Cuff Surgery\n\n#### NEXT ARTICLE:\n\nTorn Rotator Cuff\n\n#### Up Next\n\nTorn Rotator Cuff\n\nfalse\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150912001919/http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127","parsed_text":{"title":"AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg","passages":["Until now, I've happily spent much of my free time and energy arranging my apartment to please me visually and accommodate an active lifestyle of working at home and entertaining friends. But I now have a new and entirely different perspective on my home: that of a person convalescing after suffering a broken leg.","On the Saturday before Christmas, nearly a foot of snow fell on Seattle. I spent the entire, wonderful day reading by the fire with my honey while the snow piled up around my house, weighing the bamboo down and clearing the view from our windows where we could see the sledding and the snowball fights.","That night we decided to visit a friend who lives half a mile away. When we left a little later, we expected an uneventful, mostly downhill trek ending in our warm bed, but about a block from our friend's house, I slid and fell. Not a spectacular fall; more of a crumple-and-crouch that should have ended with me sitting in the snow laughing. Instead, I broke off the end of my tibia.","After a perilous ambulance ride (at this point, I-5 was empty and not plowed, salted or sanded, with deep snowdrifts crossing it) to and treatment at the ER, I woke a friend at 4am in the morning to pick us (my husband and I) up and take us to my mom's house, which is much closer to the ER with fewer hills. And there I've been for the most part, ever since.","The benefit of staying at my mom's house is, first and foremost, my mom is here. She prepares and brings my meals, brings my belongings with me from room to room when I need them, watches me climb and descend the stairs, and keeps me company. But I will have to return to my little apartment eventually, and I stayed there one night last week to see what I will need to make my space livable with far less support.","Furniture arrangement. It was kind of sad to me to have to think about changing the way the furniture is arranged, since I worked so hard on it during the Fall Cure. But the truth of the matter is that I need wide walkways to the essential spots — the couch, kitchen, bathroom and bedroom — even if this means \"bowling alley effect,\" pushing furniture against the walls, and losing some functional areas. My hard-won desk and dining areas are two such casualties. Also, my open living room arrangement used to see the lounge chairs at an angle to the couch; I changed this to make the chairs square to it, since a grid is much easier to navigate with crutches. A coffee table that's sturdy enough to elevate my leg on is essential.","Throw rugs. Light weight throw rugs, even with non-skid liners underneath them, present a tripping hazard with crutches. I asked my husband to remove the one we had by the front door. Even the bath mat has to go, since I'd have to walk over it to get to the bathroom. We left the big rug in the living room since it's heavy and held down by heavy furniture, so it won't move around.","Everyday items. When I broke my leg, I lost the use of not just one limb, but three, in a way, since walking with crutches takes the use of my arms as well. That makes carrying anything a matter of careful planning and accessories, like a backpack or over the shoulder bag. I put everyday items where I actually use them, instead of where they've been cleverly or aesthetically stored.","Stairs. My mom's house has stairs up to the bedrooms, and since I've broken my leg, I've fallen down them twice. It's a tricky thing to learn how to maneuver crutches on stairs, especially going down, and it's never as safe as with two healthy legs. My apartment is a single story, but getting up to it involves a very slippery wooden staircase. If I need to leave my house for any reason, I'll have to call someone to help me.","Pets. Our cat is now in my husband's sole care, and if I lived by myself I would have arranged for someone to take care of the pets, just as if I was on vacation and not home at all.","Bathing. Slippery surfaces + one nonfunctional leg that can't get wet = a challenge. There are a lot of resources on the web (like this one) for stools, chairs and railings that make bathing less of a hazard, but so far I've made do with a lightweight chair that I drag next to the bathtub to rest my leg on while I take a bath, and to ease the transition from laying, to sitting, to standing."]},"parsed_md":"AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg | Apartment Therapy\n\nApartment Therapy Apartment Therapy Toggle menu\n\n * Follow us on Facebook\n * Follow us on Pinterest\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Follow us on Instagram\n * Follow us on Tumblr\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\n * More ways to follow\n\n# AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg\n\nPin it\n\nUntil now, I've happily spent much of my free time and energy arranging my\napartment to please me visually and accommodate an active lifestyle of working\nat home and entertaining friends. But I now have a new and entirely different\nperspective on my home: that of a person convalescing after suffering a broken\nleg.\n\nOn the Saturday before Christmas, nearly a foot of snow fell on Seattle. I\nspent the entire, wonderful day reading by the fire with my honey while the\nsnow piled up around my house, weighing the bamboo down and clearing the view\nfrom our windows where we could see the sledding and the snowball fights.\n\nThat night we decided to visit a friend who lives half a mile away. When we\nleft a little later, we expected an uneventful, mostly downhill trek ending in\nour warm bed, but about a block from our friend's house, I slid and fell. Not\na spectacular fall; more of a crumple-and-crouch that should have ended with\nme sitting in the snow laughing. Instead, I broke off the end of my tibia.\n\nAfter a perilous ambulance ride (at this point, I-5 was empty and not plowed,\nsalted or sanded, with deep snowdrifts crossing it) to and treatment at the\nER, I woke a friend at 4am in the morning to pick us (my husband and I) up and\ntake us to my mom's house, which is much closer to the ER with fewer hills.\nAnd there I've been for the most part, ever since.\n\nThe benefit of staying at my mom's house is, first and foremost, my mom is\nhere. She prepares and brings my meals, brings my belongings with me from room\nto room when I need them, watches me climb and descend the stairs, and keeps\nme company. But I will have to return to my little apartment eventually, and I\nstayed there one night last week to see what I will need to make my space\nlivable with far less support.\n\nHere's what I've come up with so far:\n\nFurniture arrangement. It was kind of sad to me to have to think about\nchanging the way the furniture is arranged, since I worked so hard on it\nduring the Fall Cure. But the truth of the matter is that I need wide walkways\nto the essential spots — the couch, kitchen, bathroom and bedroom — even if\nthis means \"bowling alley effect,\" pushing furniture against the walls, and\nlosing some functional areas. My hard-won desk and dining areas are two such\ncasualties. Also, my open living room arrangement used to see the lounge\nchairs at an angle to the couch; I changed this to make the chairs square to\nit, since a grid is much easier to navigate with crutches. A coffee table\nthat's sturdy enough to elevate my leg on is essential.\n\nThrow rugs. Light weight throw rugs, even with non-skid liners underneath\nthem, present a tripping hazard with crutches. I asked my husband to remove\nthe one we had by the front door. Even the bath mat has to go, since I'd have\nto walk over it to get to the bathroom. We left the big rug in the living room\nsince it's heavy and held down by heavy furniture, so it won't move around.\n\nEveryday items. When I broke my leg, I lost the use of not just one limb, but\nthree, in a way, since walking with crutches takes the use of my arms as well.\nThat makes carrying anything a matter of careful planning and accessories,\nlike a backpack or over the shoulder bag. I put everyday items where I\nactually use them, instead of where they've been cleverly or aesthetically\nstored.\n\nStairs. My mom's house has stairs up to the bedrooms, and since I've broken my\nleg, I've fallen down them twice. It's a tricky thing to learn how to maneuver\ncrutches on stairs, especially going down, and it's never as safe as with two\nhealthy legs. My apartment is a single story, but getting up to it involves a\nvery slippery wooden staircase. If I need to leave my house for any reason,\nI'll have to call someone to help me.\n\nPets. Our cat is now in my husband's sole care, and if I lived by myself I\nwould have arranged for someone to take care of the pets, just as if I was on\nvacation and not home at all.\n\nBathing. Slippery surfaces + one nonfunctional leg that can't get wet = a\nchallenge. There are a lot of resources on the web (like this one) for stools,\nchairs and railings that make bathing less of a hazard, but so far I've made\ndo with a lightweight chair that I drag next to the bathtub to rest my leg on\nwhile I take a bath, and to ease the transition from laying, to sitting, to\nstanding.\n\nImage: net_efekt\n\nPromoted Stories\n\nMore from Apartment Therapy\n\nCategories\n\nHealthy Living, Organizing\n\n * 01.05.09 4:15PM\n * Danielle Henderson\n\nPin it Share on Facebook Share on Twitter\n\nMaxwell’s Daily Find\n\n 1. Modern Round Dining Tables: West Elm, Tom Dixon, IKEA, & More\n 2. Stylish & Illuminating: The Best Task and Desk Lamps\n 3. Best Cutlery: West Elm, IKEA, Gorham, J.A. Henckels & 4 More\n\nSee more\n\nSubmit a Story\n\nGot a tip, home tour, or other story our readers should see?\n\nTell us about it!\n\nRead Our Books\n\nComplete + Happy Home (2015)\n\nThe Kitchn Cookbook (2014)\n\nGood Food to Share (2010)\n\nThe Big Book of Small, Cool Spaces (2010)\n\nApartment Therapy Presents (2008)\n\nThe Eight-Step Home Cure (2006)\n\nJoin our email list\n\nAdvertise With Us\n\n * About Apartment Therapy\n * Contact Us\n * Follow Us\n * Press\n * Legal\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n * Our Team\n * Sponsored Posts\n * Site Map\n\n * Follow us on Facebook\n * Follow us on Pinterest\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Follow us on Instagram\n * Follow us on Tumblr\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\n * More ways to follow\n\nsaving the world, one room at a time\n\n© 2015 Apartment Therapy\n\nClose menu\n\n * Follow us on Facebook\n * Follow us on Pinterest\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Follow us on Instagram\n * Follow us on Tumblr\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\n * More ways to follow\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180131203819/https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm","parsed_text":{"title":"How to cope after breaking your dominant arm - broken recovery","passages":["I broke my dominant arm on Sunday, and I'd like some tips for how to cope with the recovery process.","I broke both bones in my forearm, had a plate installed, and I've been told that I'll be in a cast for 10 weeks. What can I do to lessen the pain and inconvenience aside from elevating the arm and taking pain meds? Can I take my sling into the shower? Any naturopathic treatments I can do?","Also, I make my living working on the computer and typing with my left hand isn't very speedy. Would I be able to use a software product like Dragon Naturally Speaking with terminal software like PuTTY?","Naturopathic approach: there's not a whole lot you can do, but some particular homeopathic remedies may help the healing process.","Any of these can be found at your local health food store, and you're welcome to email me with questions/guidelines for taking remedies. posted by Specklet at 5:04 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]","No matter what the OS you have, chances are you have some variation of 'StickyKeys', which lets you type key chord combinations (like Ctrl+v) sequentially, rather than simultaneously. It really helps with the one-handed typing.","It's under the Accessibility' features of your OS. It takes a little bit to get used to, but eventually will become second nature. posted by spinifex23 at 5:25 PM on January 25, 2005","Welcome to the world of being one handed! I only have full functioning use of one hand, so I think if I was ever put in your position, I'd be screwed. :) I have no information specific to your case, but rather a few helpful tips on making life easier one-handed.","I wouldn't suggest bringing your sling into the shower, as the one's I have seen tend to not dry out quickly, and also smell. My suggestion? Wrap your cast in garbage bags and then duct tape it tightly around the edges to ensure the cast doesn't get any water on it. Better yet, take a tea towel (or any cotton bath cloth) and use that underneath the garbage bags to prevent water from hitting your cast. Casts can rot/crumble if exposed to water. I've also made temporary slings out of garbage bags in place of my sling for the showers.","One handed shoe tying. I don't use this method, but I was taught how to do it, and it's quite easy.","I've used Dragon Naturally Speaking, and unless you've used it for an extended period of time, it can be clumsy to deal with for the beginner. Some programs don't work well with it either, but if you're a good typist - maybe I can suggest a link to One-handed typing? I have used the HalfQwerty technique, but I prefer the method I use now. This might or might not work well for you. Place your four fingers on the \"home keys\" (f,g,h,j) and your thumb on the spacebar. I've learned to touch-type this way by moving my fingers around the keyboard but when at rest, go back to the home keys.","These are just a few of the ideas I've used in my life, but if you need anything else, my email is in my profile. Hope you have a speedy recovery! posted by carabiner at 5:36 PM on January 25, 2005","Frogpad. It won't be that fast, but if you're a programmer you might find some elegant ways to speed up your typing (with programmable putty / emacs commands and such). And besides, then you'll have a blue tooth or USB keyboard that's really small. Which is bound to come in handy (npi) later on, when you're all better. posted by zpousman at 6:51 PM on January 25, 2005","Take the pain meds as directed. Put several plastic bags over your splint/cast (don't know which you have). Better to just take a bath and not risk getting your splint/cast wet. If it gets wet, you have a higher risk for infection because of the moisture. Especially bad since you have metal implants. BTW, whenever you go to surgery from now on, make sure you tell the nurses you have metal in your arm. This comes in handy since we use a grounding pad, and need to avoid placing over metal. (Not that we usually ground over the lower arm anyway, but always good to know.) Invest in cheap velcro shoes. Find a really good friend to help dress you--especially fun if you are in a relationship! Plenty of rest. Be careful on the homeopathic stuff, check with your doctor's office first. You could have adverse interactions with the medications you are on. Make sure you diet has adequate calcium and vitamin D, (read--drink your milk!). posted by 6:1 at 7:12 PM on January 25, 2005","Damn cmonkey, I am sorry to hear that. When I broke my non-dominant arm, it was a hassle enough, I wish you a speedy recovery. I had a friend who recently severed a tendon in a finger on his dominant hand and found that it was easier to teach himself one-handed touch typing than it was to futz with speech recognition software. Once your dominant arm isn't in too much pain, you can consider using one of those little trackball ring things [pictures upper right on that page] to get some use out of your broken arm.","With my sling, I couldn't take it into the shower. I had to wrap the whole mess in a plastic bag sealed in tape which was a hassle especially when it was still sore. I found that it was almost as easy to do a lower-tech waterproofing job and take baths and scrub off with my free hand. I would also strongly recommend either getting someone to wash your hair/shave you, or spending some money and getting your hair washed outside of the house once a week or so. It's worth the money to feel clean and it is hard to wash your hair well with one hand.","As you've probably already learned, troublespots are in areas like zippers, shoe-typing and shirt buttoning. Start making wardrobe choices that will see you through your one-armedness. For me the big secret to pain-alleviation was getting my sling adjusted right, strapped pretty close to me so there was less risk of bumping it on things, sleeping with a LOT of pillows around my arm to lessen accidental bumps, and taking painkillers [and/or meditating and just generally relaxing] right before bed. Remember that ibuprofen is good for swelling/inflammation as well as pain, so it's worth taking even if you're not really hurting.","Lastly, just having a constant injury will be stressful and as a result will be taxing on you. Even if you don't feel it now, give yourself a little more leeway and wiggle room with your schedule, your expectations of yourself and just your overall mood. posted by jessamyn at 7:23 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]","Get off the pain meds as soon as you can, but don't do it cold turkey. I spent one of the worst weeks of my life last year when I decided to stop taking the Vicodin/Percocet I had been taking every day for over two months. We're talking sleeplessness, restlessness, loss of control over bodily functions, headache, depression, nausea, the works. If you're on pain meds, come off them slowly. Whenever possible, deal with a little pain and forego the meds. You'll save yourself exponential amounts of misery later.","I took baths instead of showers and was able to get away without covering my arm in plastic. That said, some devices are okay to get wet. After my doctor decided a cast wasn't going to fix my badly broken wrist, I had surgery to install an external fixator, which I was even allowed to take into a public pool unprotected. Follow your doctor's advice on that one, chances are: don't get it wet.","On that note: make sure to keep an umbrella on you in case of rain. Keep the snow off of it and out of it. Cast rot stinks and can lead to some very nasty infections and fungal funkiness. Screw halitosis: no one will want to be near you with a rotting cast.","If you get itchy, be careful sticking things into a cast to itch your arm. They may get stuck, and you might need an emergency visit to have the cast removed and replaced. Then again, maybe that only happens to my youngest brother. Still, you might find that you've shifted around the cotton padding in there so much that you've cut off circulation to your hand, so again: be careful.","Above all, keep a good sense of humor, and keep a camera handy for when the cast comes off a final time. Your arm will no longer look like your arm (but it will return to normal eventually).","You might find out when it's all over that you don't end up reverting to the same two-handed methods you used before your injury. I found that putting my contacts in with one hand ended up being far more efficient than the two- handed method I used before. posted by quasistoic at 7:24 PM on January 25, 2005","Start stretching your remaining forearm many times throughout the day. Spread all your fingers, wiggle everything around, clench your fist, repeat.","That arm / hand isn't used to the load, so you don't want to wear it out. posted by icey at 8:22 PM on January 25, 2005","But you recover faster and lose less....if you've been training the good side of your body. posted by filmgeek at 8:31 PM on January 25, 2005","I broke my right forearm in the same exact way, back in 2001. Unfortunately, I don't have any great advice for coping with the one-armed life, since at the same time, I also broke (more like pulverized) my left wrist.","What I can tell you is that the recovery time on the right arm was much faster than the left; I was feeling much better by the third week. Also, I didn't have to do any physical therapy for the right arm. It pretty much just popped out of the cast and went right back to work. In the interim, I tried to use Naturally Speaking, but since I write technical documentation, I found the training exercises to be a bit slow, especially when industry-specific terminology was involved. I did much better with a split keyboard. Many of the ergonomic office supply websites have them, and I found that having the keys in a tilted position let me at least somewhat imitate actual typing... posted by lilboo at 8:35 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]","I'm not strongly right-handed, but still had some difficulties when I broke my right hand. Everything took a lot longer, and I got really frustrated with that before I decided I just didn't want to be frustrated.","Within a couple weeks, I got pretty fast typing one handed. I still mouse left-handed, since that alleviates my RSI, but it took a lot of Solitaire playing to get it down. Washing long hair one handed was very difficult - I never did get the hang of getting all the soap on the right side of my head out.","Cooking was interesting. Anything involving a lot of sharp knife work was out. I had to use a colander a lot more, rather than my usual (use the lid or a spoon to hold the good stuff back). I ended up doing a lot of bean stews (and chasing carrot pieces around the kitchen).","Driving my car was out - I had to rent an automatic for 3 months. I really hope you don't have that issue.","Basically, I found I had to slow down (especially when I started to think I had something down), think tasks through before hand to find where the problem spots were and generally take my time with things. And remember to laugh. posted by QIbHom at 10:49 AM on January 26, 2005","I've decided to keep my painkiller ingestion limited to helping me sleep, I'm using tumeric and symphytum to keep the swelling down and bones growing, tying my shoes with that nifty one handed technique and getting a Frogpad as soon as I can.","Randomly getting a pump in one arm? April 9, 2014 What can I do for exercise with a broken leg? January 19, 2011 Please help me wake up my iPhone. January 20, 2010 my dominant hand is no longer dominant. help! May 27, 2008 Pain in arm from sneezing July 26, 2006","Ask MetaFilter is a question and answer site that covers nearly any question on earth, where members help each other solve problems. Ask MetaFilter is where thousands of life's little questions are answered."]},"parsed_md":"How to cope after breaking your dominant arm - broken recovery | Ask\nMetaFilter\n\n# Ask MetaFilter\n\nquerying the hive mind\n\n# How to cope after breaking your dominant arm January 25, 2005 4:38 PM\nSubscribe\n\nI broke my dominant arm on Sunday, and I'd like some tips for how to cope with\nthe recovery process.\n\nI broke both bones in my forearm, had a plate installed, and I've been told\nthat I'll be in a cast for 10 weeks. What can I do to lessen the pain and\ninconvenience aside from elevating the arm and taking pain meds? Can I take my\nsling into the shower? Any naturopathic treatments I can do?\n\nAlso, I make my living working on the computer and typing with my left hand\nisn't very speedy. Would I be able to use a software product like Dragon\nNaturally Speaking with terminal software like PuTTY?\n\nposted by cmonkey to Health & Fitness (12 answers total) 1 user marked this as\na favorite\n\nNaturopathic approach: there's not a whole lot you can do, but some particular\nhomeopathic remedies may help the healing process.\n\nAny of these can be found at your local health food store, and you're welcome\nto email me with questions/guidelines for taking remedies. posted by Specklet\nat 5:04 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\n\nNo matter what the OS you have, chances are you have some variation of\n'StickyKeys', which lets you type key chord combinations (like Ctrl+v)\nsequentially, rather than simultaneously. It really helps with the one-handed\ntyping.\n\nIt's under the Accessibility' features of your OS. It takes a little bit to\nget used to, but eventually will become second nature. posted by spinifex23 at\n5:25 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nWelcome to the world of being one handed! I only have full functioning use of\none hand, so I think if I was ever put in your position, I'd be screwed. :) I\nhave no information specific to your case, but rather a few helpful tips on\nmaking life easier one-handed.\n\nI wouldn't suggest bringing your sling into the shower, as the one's I have\nseen tend to not dry out quickly, and also smell. My suggestion? Wrap your\ncast in garbage bags and then duct tape it tightly around the edges to ensure\nthe cast doesn't get any water on it. Better yet, take a tea towel (or any\ncotton bath cloth) and use that underneath the garbage bags to prevent water\nfrom hitting your cast. Casts can rot/crumble if exposed to water. I've also\nmade temporary slings out of garbage bags in place of my sling for the\nshowers.\n\nOne handed shoe tying. I don't use this method, but I was taught how to do it,\nand it's quite easy.\n\nI've used Dragon Naturally Speaking, and unless you've used it for an extended\nperiod of time, it can be clumsy to deal with for the beginner. Some programs\ndon't work well with it either, but if you're a good typist - maybe I can\nsuggest a link to One-handed typing? I have used the HalfQwerty technique, but\nI prefer the method I use now. This might or might not work well for you.\nPlace your four fingers on the \"home keys\" (f,g,h,j) and your thumb on the\nspacebar. I've learned to touch-type this way by moving my fingers around the\nkeyboard but when at rest, go back to the home keys.\n\nThese are just a few of the ideas I've used in my life, but if you need\nanything else, my email is in my profile. Hope you have a speedy recovery!\nposted by carabiner at 5:36 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nFrogpad. It won't be that fast, but if you're a programmer you might find some\nelegant ways to speed up your typing (with programmable putty / emacs commands\nand such). And besides, then you'll have a blue tooth or USB keyboard that's\nreally small. Which is bound to come in handy (npi) later on, when you're all\nbetter. posted by zpousman at 6:51 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nTake the pain meds as directed. Put several plastic bags over your splint/cast\n(don't know which you have). Better to just take a bath and not risk getting\nyour splint/cast wet. If it gets wet, you have a higher risk for infection\nbecause of the moisture. Especially bad since you have metal implants. BTW,\nwhenever you go to surgery from now on, make sure you tell the nurses you have\nmetal in your arm. This comes in handy since we use a grounding pad, and need\nto avoid placing over metal. (Not that we usually ground over the lower arm\nanyway, but always good to know.) Invest in cheap velcro shoes. Find a really\ngood friend to help dress you--especially fun if you are in a relationship!\nPlenty of rest. Be careful on the homeopathic stuff, check with your doctor's\noffice first. You could have adverse interactions with the medications you are\non. Make sure you diet has adequate calcium and vitamin D, (read--drink your\nmilk!). posted by 6:1 at 7:12 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nDamn cmonkey, I am sorry to hear that. When I broke my non-dominant arm, it\nwas a hassle enough, I wish you a speedy recovery. I had a friend who recently\nsevered a tendon in a finger on his dominant hand and found that it was easier\nto teach himself one-handed touch typing than it was to futz with speech\nrecognition software. Once your dominant arm isn't in too much pain, you can\nconsider using one of those little trackball ring things [pictures upper right\non that page] to get some use out of your broken arm.\n\nWith my sling, I couldn't take it into the shower. I had to wrap the whole\nmess in a plastic bag sealed in tape which was a hassle especially when it was\nstill sore. I found that it was almost as easy to do a lower-tech\nwaterproofing job and take baths and scrub off with my free hand. I would also\nstrongly recommend either getting someone to wash your hair/shave you, or\nspending some money and getting your hair washed outside of the house once a\nweek or so. It's worth the money to feel clean and it is hard to wash your\nhair well with one hand.\n\nAs you've probably already learned, troublespots are in areas like zippers,\nshoe-typing and shirt buttoning. Start making wardrobe choices that will see\nyou through your one-armedness. For me the big secret to pain-alleviation was\ngetting my sling adjusted right, strapped pretty close to me so there was less\nrisk of bumping it on things, sleeping with a LOT of pillows around my arm to\nlessen accidental bumps, and taking painkillers [and/or meditating and just\ngenerally relaxing] right before bed. Remember that ibuprofen is good for\nswelling/inflammation as well as pain, so it's worth taking even if you're not\nreally hurting.\n\nLastly, just having a constant injury will be stressful and as a result will\nbe taxing on you. Even if you don't feel it now, give yourself a little more\nleeway and wiggle room with your schedule, your expectations of yourself and\njust your overall mood. posted by jessamyn at 7:23 PM on January 25, 2005 [1\nfavorite]\n\nGet off the pain meds as soon as you can, but don't do it cold turkey. I spent\none of the worst weeks of my life last year when I decided to stop taking the\nVicodin/Percocet I had been taking every day for over two months. We're\ntalking sleeplessness, restlessness, loss of control over bodily functions,\nheadache, depression, nausea, the works. If you're on pain meds, come off them\nslowly. Whenever possible, deal with a little pain and forego the meds. You'll\nsave yourself exponential amounts of misery later.\n\nMaybe look into those homeopathic remedies.\n\nI took baths instead of showers and was able to get away without covering my\narm in plastic. That said, some devices are okay to get wet. After my doctor\ndecided a cast wasn't going to fix my badly broken wrist, I had surgery to\ninstall an external fixator, which I was even allowed to take into a public\npool unprotected. Follow your doctor's advice on that one, chances are: don't\nget it wet.\n\nOn that note: make sure to keep an umbrella on you in case of rain. Keep the\nsnow off of it and out of it. Cast rot stinks and can lead to some very nasty\ninfections and fungal funkiness. Screw halitosis: no one will want to be near\nyou with a rotting cast.\n\nIf you get itchy, be careful sticking things into a cast to itch your arm.\nThey may get stuck, and you might need an emergency visit to have the cast\nremoved and replaced. Then again, maybe that only happens to my youngest\nbrother. Still, you might find that you've shifted around the cotton padding\nin there so much that you've cut off circulation to your hand, so again: be\ncareful.\n\nAbove all, keep a good sense of humor, and keep a camera handy for when the\ncast comes off a final time. Your arm will no longer look like your arm (but\nit will return to normal eventually).\n\nYou might find out when it's all over that you don't end up reverting to the\nsame two-handed methods you used before your injury. I found that putting my\ncontacts in with one hand ended up being far more efficient than the two-\nhanded method I used before. posted by quasistoic at 7:24 PM on January 25,\n2005\n\nStart stretching your remaining forearm many times throughout the day. Spread\nall your fingers, wiggle everything around, clench your fist, repeat.\n\nThat arm / hand isn't used to the load, so you don't want to wear it out.\nposted by icey at 8:22 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nSomething odd, but absolutely true. Lift weights with your opposite hand.\nWrist curls, bicep curls, 2-3x a week.\n\nWhen your arm gets out of the cast, you'll find that it's atrophied (shrunk)\nquite a bit.\n\nBut you recover faster and lose less....if you've been training the good side\nof your body. posted by filmgeek at 8:31 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nI broke my right forearm in the same exact way, back in 2001. Unfortunately, I\ndon't have any great advice for coping with the one-armed life, since at the\nsame time, I also broke (more like pulverized) my left wrist.\n\nWhat I can tell you is that the recovery time on the right arm was much faster\nthan the left; I was feeling much better by the third week. Also, I didn't\nhave to do any physical therapy for the right arm. It pretty much just popped\nout of the cast and went right back to work. In the interim, I tried to use\nNaturally Speaking, but since I write technical documentation, I found the\ntraining exercises to be a bit slow, especially when industry-specific\nterminology was involved. I did much better with a split keyboard. Many of the\nergonomic office supply websites have them, and I found that having the keys\nin a tilted position let me at least somewhat imitate actual typing... posted\nby lilboo at 8:35 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\n\nI'm not strongly right-handed, but still had some difficulties when I broke my\nright hand. Everything took a lot longer, and I got really frustrated with\nthat before I decided I just didn't want to be frustrated.\n\nWithin a couple weeks, I got pretty fast typing one handed. I still mouse\nleft-handed, since that alleviates my RSI, but it took a lot of Solitaire\nplaying to get it down. Washing long hair one handed was very difficult - I\nnever did get the hang of getting all the soap on the right side of my head\nout.\n\nCooking was interesting. Anything involving a lot of sharp knife work was out.\nI had to use a colander a lot more, rather than my usual (use the lid or a\nspoon to hold the good stuff back). I ended up doing a lot of bean stews (and\nchasing carrot pieces around the kitchen).\n\nDriving my car was out - I had to rent an automatic for 3 months. I really\nhope you don't have that issue.\n\nBasically, I found I had to slow down (especially when I started to think I\nhad something down), think tasks through before hand to find where the problem\nspots were and generally take my time with things. And remember to laugh.\nposted by QIbHom at 10:49 AM on January 26, 2005\n\nI've decided to keep my painkiller ingestion limited to helping me sleep, I'm\nusing tumeric and symphytum to keep the swelling down and bones growing, tying\nmy shoes with that nifty one handed technique and getting a Frogpad as soon as\nI can.\n\nThanks for all the help! posted by cmonkey at 8:31 PM on January 26, 2005\n\n« Older Help locating Vigenère cypher decoder | Threesome etiquette Newer »\n\nThis thread is closed to new comments.\n\nRelated Questions\n\nRandomly getting a pump in one arm? April 9, 2014 What can I do for exercise\nwith a broken leg? January 19, 2011 Please help me wake up my iPhone. January\n20, 2010 my dominant hand is no longer dominant. help! May 27, 2008 Pain in\narm from sneezing July 26, 2006\n\n## Tags\n\nbroken\n\narm\n\nrecovery\n\n## Share\n\nTwitter Facebook\n\n## About Ask MetaFilter\n\nAsk MetaFilter is a question and answer site that covers nearly any question\non earth, where members help each other solve problems. 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I’m told that, for the most part, broken fingers are not a big deal — and since children’s bones heal so quickly, they are rarely set and cast by a doctor. However, in the case of Isaac’s injury — he corkscrewed down a slide — he fractured it in such a way that letting it heal on its own would mean that he’d lose proper function of his finger. On the afternoon we left the hospital ER with little more than a splint on my son’s finger, the two of us were in tears — him because he thought his summer was ruined and me because I couldn’t tell him with 100 percent certainty that everything would be OK.","However, after pressuring the hospital’s patient relations department and getting the nerve and hand specialist’s direct telephone number, I was able to move my son’s consult from four weeks away to just seven days from the time it was first injured. And it was a good thing, too — if it had taken any longer surgeons would have had to cut open his hand and wire the bones together properly. On the downside, because Isaac’s bone wasn’t set properly in the ER, what should have only been two weeks in a splint now means six weeks in a cast.","It was a frustrating few days of phone calls to specialists while reassuring Isaac that he could still have fun on summer vacation. Here are the valuable lessons I’ve learned from our family’s first experience with a broken bone.","1. Trust your gut: I knew that something was messed up about Isaac’s hand and immediately went into Mama Bear mode until I got answers that made me happy.","2. Ask for help: In my case, I reached out to Twitter and Facebook to ask other moms for advice on how to speed up the consult process. Mara Shapiro, you rock.","3. Apologize and thank everyone: Our family doctor took the brunt of my frustration and it was important to me to call him back to not only thank him for his support, but to apologize for being a little too bearish. The hand specialist we are seeing and the orthos at the cast clinic have been helpful and patient with all of my questions.","4. Pay extra for a fibreglass cast: At two weeks post-injury, Isaac’s plaster half-cast was changed to a full cast. We had the option of choosing either a free plaster cast or to pay extra for a fibreglass cast. We opted to pay $45 for a fibreglass cast. While not waterproof, it is lighter and more durable than a plaster cast.","5. Make having a cast fun: I think my son is an exception in that he hates his cast and the attention it brings him. The day before a scheduled pool party, he was in tears because he didn’t want to have a black garbage bag and duct tape wrapped around his arm since he thought people would make fun of him. We bought colourful Sharpie markers to decorate his cast with, and clear plastic bags and patterned duct tape to protect his cast when he plays in water.","6. Don’t expect broken bones to slow a kid down: I thought my active-yet- cautious son would spend his recovery time reading and drawing pictures, but I was wrong. He’s still riding his bike, building forts, playing in splash pads and even teaching himself how to skateboard. I’m by no means a Helicopter Parent, but I have to remind myself that he’s an active boy and his injury is now very well protected.","We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account.","By clicking \"Create Account\", I confirm that I have read and understood each of the website terms of service and privacy policy and that I agree to be bound by them."]},"parsed_md":"How I handled my son's first broken bone - Today's Parent\n\nAn important message about a possible Canada Post Labour Disruption. Learn\nMore ×\n\nSign In\n\n * Account\n * Sign Out\n\nSubscribe\n\nSign In\n\nSubscribe\n\nFollow Us\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest Pin It\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram (follow only)\n\n * Home\n * Blogs\n * Run-at-home mom\n * How I handled my son's first broken bone\n\n# How I handled my son’s first broken bone\n\n##\n\nJennifer Pinarski shares how she handled her son’s first broken bone.\n\n#####\n\nJul 15, 2013\n\nJennifer Pinarski 1\n\nDespite his arm cast, Isaac stays active. Photo: Jennifer Pinarski.\n\nFollow along as Jennifer Pinarski shares her experiences about giving up her\nbig city job and lifestyle to live in rural Ontario with her husband, while\nstaying home to raise their two young children.\n\nLast month, my six-year-old son fractured his pinky finger while on a school\ntrip. I’m told that, for the most part, broken fingers are not a big deal —\nand since children’s bones heal so quickly, they are rarely set and cast by a\ndoctor. However, in the case of Isaac’s injury — he corkscrewed down a slide —\nhe fractured it in such a way that letting it heal on its own would mean that\nhe’d lose proper function of his finger. On the afternoon we left the hospital\nER with little more than a splint on my son’s finger, the two of us were in\ntears — him because he thought his summer was ruined and me because I couldn’t\ntell him with 100 percent certainty that everything would be OK.\n\nHowever, after pressuring the hospital’s patient relations department and\ngetting the nerve and hand specialist’s direct telephone number, I was able to\nmove my son’s consult from four weeks away to just seven days from the time it\nwas first injured. And it was a good thing, too — if it had taken any longer\nsurgeons would have had to cut open his hand and wire the bones together\nproperly. On the downside, because Isaac’s bone wasn’t set properly in the ER,\nwhat should have only been two weeks in a splint now means six weeks in a\ncast.\n\nIt was a frustrating few days of phone calls to specialists while reassuring\nIsaac that he could still have fun on summer vacation. Here are the valuable\nlessons I’ve learned from our family’s first experience with a broken bone.\n\n1\\. Trust your gut: I knew that something was messed up about Isaac’s hand and\nimmediately went into Mama Bear mode until I got answers that made me happy.\n\n2\\. Ask for help: In my case, I reached out to Twitter and Facebook to ask\nother moms for advice on how to speed up the consult process. Mara Shapiro,\nyou rock.\n\n3\\. Apologize and thank everyone: Our family doctor took the brunt of my\nfrustration and it was important to me to call him back to not only thank him\nfor his support, but to apologize for being a little too bearish. The hand\nspecialist we are seeing and the orthos at the cast clinic have been helpful\nand patient with all of my questions.\n\n4\\. Pay extra for a fibreglass cast: At two weeks post-injury, Isaac’s plaster\nhalf-cast was changed to a full cast. We had the option of choosing either a\nfree plaster cast or to pay extra for a fibreglass cast. We opted to pay $45\nfor a fibreglass cast. While not waterproof, it is lighter and more durable\nthan a plaster cast.\n\n5\\. Make having a cast fun: I think my son is an exception in that he hates\nhis cast and the attention it brings him. The day before a scheduled pool\nparty, he was in tears because he didn’t want to have a black garbage bag and\nduct tape wrapped around his arm since he thought people would make fun of\nhim. We bought colourful Sharpie markers to decorate his cast with, and clear\nplastic bags and patterned duct tape to protect his cast when he plays in\nwater.\n\n6\\. Don’t expect broken bones to slow a kid down: I thought my active-yet-\ncautious son would spend his recovery time reading and drawing pictures, but I\nwas wrong. He’s still riding his bike, building forts, playing in splash pads\nand even teaching himself how to skateboard. I’m by no means a Helicopter\nParent, but I have to remind myself that he’s an active boy and his injury is\nnow very well protected.\n\nHave your kids broken any bones? What advice would do you have for other\nparents?\n\nshares\n\nShare:\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nEmail\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## One comment on “How I handled my son’s first broken bone”\n\n 1. Pingback: MummyConstant » Managing Eye Care For Your Children\n\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\n\nFollow us\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest Pin It\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram (follow only)\n\nResources\n\n# Create a new password\n\nWe've sent an email with instructions to create a new password. 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Privacy Policy Ad Choices Terms\nof Service\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170630074304/http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"As a parent, it can be especially difficult to keep children entertained when they are in a cast and healing from a broken bone. After dealing with the initial pain that goes along with a broken bone, children typically bounce back quickly and want to resume their normal routines. Unfortunately, sometimes having to wear a cast can make that very challenging. It could be difficult for your child to stay entertained when one of their limbs is restrained by a cast. However, a broken bone doesn’t mean that your child can’t still participate in activities they enjoy.\",\n \"Of course movies and shows are great for the first few days of healing, but you don’t want your child’s eyes glued to the television the whole time they’re recovering. If you’re struggling to keep your child entertained while they’re restricted by a cast, check out some of the following tips to help them stay busy.\",\n \"First and foremost, it’s crucial to talk with your doctor about the specific limitations you need to observe and what activities are safe for your child while they are wearing a cast. The last thing you want is to allow your child to be involved in an activity that could make their injury worse and cause more pain. In general, it’s best to stay away from contact sports where your child could collide with another player. Other activities that should be avoided include running, biking, roller skating, and skateboarding due to the risk of falling and reinjury.\",\n \"If your child is still able to use their legs, walking or hiking is a great activity that will get your child out of the house for some fresh air and to be immersed in nature. This will allow your child to get some fresh air and do something exciting after being cooped up in the house for too long. Check out a new park, hiking trail, or nature center to make the outing extra special.\",\n \"Museums are educational and often have fun exhibits that you and your child can explore together. Whether it’s a museum of art or science, you’re bound to have hours of fun and learn a little something along the way. As an added bonus, museums are typically wheelchair accessible in the even that your child broke their leg.\",\n \"Yoga is an activity based on smooth movements and stretches and doesn’t require jarring activity that could potentially cause a reinjury. Find yoga poses that don’t involve your child’s injured limb and act as a yoga teacher to help them perform these exercises. This is a great way for your child to relax, unwind, and strengthen muscles in other parts of the body.\",\n \"Use these tips to help keep your child engaged during a long recovery period. After the pain from the initial injury subsides, your child will be thrilled to incorporate some of these fun activities into their recovery period.\",\n \"If your child has experienced an injury and you’re in need of an experienced physician, click here to set up a consultation with a doctor from Premier Orthopaedics. The physicians at Premier Orthopaedics are dedicated to providing comprehensive health care to relieve pain and returning patients to their daily lives.\",\n \"For more information on what you can do to prevent fractures and fracture treatment methods, click here to download our eBook, Understanding Fracture Care: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment.\",\n \"Premier Orthopaedics is the largest orthopaedic group in Delaware and Chester counties. Premier provides patients with the full spectrum of orthopaedic services; including bone, muscle and joint care. Patients trust our specialists for their experience, expertise and commitment to exceptional patient care.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy - Premier Orthopaedics\\n\\n * Make Appointment\\n * Physicians\\n\\n * Physicians\\n * Specialties\\n\\n * Complex Fracture Care\\n * Concussion\\n * Foot & Ankle\\n * Hand & Wrist\\n * Hip\\n * Interventional Pain Management\\n * Joint Replacement\\n * Knee\\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\\n * Osteoporosis Care\\n * Regenerative Medicine\\n * Rheumatology\\n * Shoulder & Elbow\\n * Spine\\n * Sports Medicine\\n * Locations\\n * Patient Resources\\n\\n * Patient Resources\\n * Educational Guides\\n * Educational Videos\\n * Blog\\n * Patient Forms\\n * Insurances Accepted\\n * Patient Surveys\\n * Patient Testimonials\\n * Provider Numbers\\n\\n * About\\n * Careers\\n * Services\\n * Patient Portal\\n * Contact Us\\n * News\\n * Events\\n\\nSearch\\n\\n * About\\n * Careers\\n * Services\\n * Patient Portal\\n * Contact Us\\n * News\\n * Events\\n\\nAppointments within 24 hours CALL 1.855.ORTHO24 or click here\\n\\nPremier Orthopaedics\\n\\n * Physicians\\n * Specialties\\n\\n * Complex Fracture Care\\n * Concussion\\n * Foot & Ankle\\n * Hand & Wrist\\n * Hip\\n * Interventional Pain Management\\n * Joint Replacement\\n * Knee\\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\\n * Osteoporosis Care\\n * Regenerative Medicine\\n * Rheumatology\\n * Shoulder & Elbow\\n * Spine\\n * Sports Medicine\\n * Locations\\n * Patient Resources\\n\\n * Patient Resources\\n * Educational Guides\\n * Educational Videos\\n * Blog\\n * Patient Forms\\n * Insurances Accepted\\n * Patient Surveys\\n * Patient Testimonials\\n * Provider Numbers\\n\\n# Blog\\n\\nHome\\n\\n> Blog\\n\\n> Orthopaedic Tips\\n\\n> Tips for Keeping Kids with...\\n\\n> Premier’s major players knew and respected each other. This sense of\\n> community reduced my anxiety and facilitated my recovery.\\n\\n~ DANIEL LOOSE, West Chester PA\\n\\n### Recent Posts\\n\\n * Best Places to Go For a Hike in Chester County\\n * Best Foods To Eat Before and After a Workout\\n * Concussions in sports: Rest vs Active Recovery\\n * Local Kid-Friendly Activities in Delco and Chester Counties\\n * Running Sneakers – Do They Matter?\\n\\n### Categories\\n\\n * Arm Pain\\n * Arthritis\\n * Asthma\\n * Back Pain\\n * Back Strains\\n * Back Surgery\\n * Bone Care\\n * Clavicle Pain\\n * Concussions\\n * Fitness Tips\\n * Foot and Ankle Surgery\\n * Foot and Ankle Tips\\n * Foot Disorders\\n * Fracture Care\\n * Hand and Wrist Surgeries\\n * Health Tips\\n * Healthy Eating\\n * Hip Pain\\n * Hip Surgery\\n * Joint Pain\\n * Joint Replacement\\n * Knee Injury\\n * Local\\n * Neck pain\\n * News\\n * Orthopaedic News\\n * Orthopaedic Tips\\n * Osteoporosis Care\\n * Pediatric\\n * Physical Therapy\\n * Protecting your Wrist\\n * Shoulder Injury\\n * Shoulder Surgery\\n * Spine Conditions\\n * Spine Injury\\n * Sports Injuries\\n * Sports Medicine\\n * Sprains and Strains\\n * Tendonitis\\n * Training Tips\\n * Uncategorized\\n * Wrist Pain\\n\\n### Archive\\n\\n * 2017\\n\\n * June 2017\\n * May 2017\\n * April 2017\\n * March 2017\\n * February 2017\\n * January 2017\\n * 2016\\n\\n * December 2016\\n * November 2016\\n * October 2016\\n * September 2016\\n * August 2016\\n * July 2016\\n * June 2016\\n * May 2016\\n * April 2016\\n * March 2016\\n * February 2016\\n * January 2016\\n * 2015\\n\\n * December 2015\\n * November 2015\\n * October 2015\\n * September 2015\\n * August 2015\\n * July 2015\\n * June 2015\\n * May 2015\\n * April 2015\\n * March 2015\\n * February 2015\\n * January 2015\\n * 2014\\n\\n * December 2014\\n * November 2014\\n * October 2014\\n * September 2014\\n * August 2014\\n * July 2014\\n * June 2014\\n * May 2014\\n * March 2014\\n\\nOctober 15, 2015\\n\\nPosted by: Premier Orthopaedics\\n\\n# Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy\\n\\nCategory: Orthopaedic Tips, Pediatric\\n\\nAs a parent, it can be especially difficult to keep children entertained when\\nthey are in a cast and healing from a broken bone. After dealing with the\\ninitial pain that goes along with a broken bone, children typically bounce\\nback quickly and want to resume their normal routines. Unfortunately,\\nsometimes having to wear a cast can make that very challenging. It could be\\ndifficult for your child to stay entertained when one of their limbs is\\nrestrained by a cast. However, a broken bone doesn’t mean that your child\\ncan’t still participate in activities they enjoy.\\n\\nOf course movies and shows are great for the first few days of healing, but\\nyou don’t want your child’s eyes glued to the television the whole time\\nthey’re recovering. If you’re struggling to keep your child entertained while\\nthey’re restricted by a cast, check out some of the following tips to help\\nthem stay busy.\\n\\n### Talk to Your Doctor\\n\\nFirst and foremost, it’s crucial to talk with your doctor about the specific\\nlimitations you need to observe and what activities are safe for your child\\nwhile they are wearing a cast. The last thing you want is to allow your child\\nto be involved in an activity that could make their injury worse and cause\\nmore pain. In general, it’s best to stay away from contact sports where your\\nchild could collide with another player. Other activities that should be\\navoided include running, biking, roller skating, and skateboarding due to the\\nrisk of falling and reinjury.\\n\\n### Walking or Hiking\\n\\nIf your child is still able to use their legs, walking or hiking is a great\\nactivity that will get your child out of the house for some fresh air and to\\nbe immersed in nature. This will allow your child to get some fresh air and do\\nsomething exciting after being cooped up in the house for too long. Check out\\na new park, hiking trail, or nature center to make the outing extra special.\\n\\n### Museums\\n\\nMuseums are educational and often have fun exhibits that you and your child\\ncan explore together. Whether it’s a museum of art or science, you’re bound to\\nhave hours of fun and learn a little something along the way. As an added\\nbonus, museums are typically wheelchair accessible in the even that your child\\nbroke their leg.\\n\\n### Yoga\\n\\nYoga is an activity based on smooth movements and stretches and doesn’t\\nrequire jarring activity that could potentially cause a reinjury. Find yoga\\nposes that don’t involve your child’s injured limb and act as a yoga teacher\\nto help them perform these exercises. This is a great way for your child to\\nrelax, unwind, and strengthen muscles in other parts of the body.\\n\\nUse these tips to help keep your child engaged during a long recovery period.\\nAfter the pain from the initial injury subsides, your child will be thrilled\\nto incorporate some of these fun activities into their recovery period.\\n\\nIf your child has experienced an injury and you’re in need of an experienced\\nphysician, click here to set up a consultation with a doctor from Premier\\nOrthopaedics. The physicians at Premier Orthopaedics are dedicated to\\nproviding comprehensive health care to relieve pain and returning patients to\\ntheir daily lives.\\n\\nFor more information on what you can do to prevent fractures and fracture\\ntreatment methods, click here to download our eBook, Understanding Fracture\\nCare: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment.\\n\\n#### ABOUT PREMIER ORTHOPAEDICS\\n\\nPremier Orthopaedics is the largest orthopaedic group in Delaware and Chester\\ncounties. Premier provides patients with the full spectrum of orthopaedic\\nservices; including bone, muscle and joint care. Patients trust our\\nspecialists for their experience, expertise and commitment to exceptional\\npatient care.\\n\\n * twitter\\n * facebook\\n * linkedin\\n * RSS\\n\\n### Register for updates\\n\\n### Latest Posts\\n\\n * ### Best Places to Go For a Hike in Chester County\\n\\nJune 15, 2017\\n\\n * ### Best Foods To Eat Before and After a Workout\\n\\nMay 2, 2017\\n\\n * Physicians\\n\\n * Concussion\\n * Complex Fracture Care\\n * Foot & Ankle\\n * Hand & Wrist\\n * Hip\\n * Joint Replacement\\n * Knee\\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\\n * Osteoporosis Care\\n * Regenerative Medicine\\n * Interventional Pain Management\\n * Rheumatology\\n * Shoulder & Elbow\\n * Spine\\n * Sports Medicine\\n\\n * Services\\n\\n * EMG\\n * MRI\\n * Physical Therapy\\n * Urgent Care\\n\\n * Patient Resources\\n\\n * Educational Guides\\n * Insurances Accepted\\n * Patient Surveys\\n * Patient Testimonials\\n * Provider Numbers\\n\\n * Locations\\n\\n * Physicians\\n * Physical Therapy\\n * MRI\\n * Urgent Care\\n\\n * Popular e-books\\n\\n * Choosing an Orthopaedic Surgeon\\n * Total Hip Replacement Surgery\\n * Knee Replacement Surgery\\n * Spine & Back Surgery\\n * Shoulder Surgery\\n * Sports & Spine Injuries\\n * Hand & Wrist Pain\\n * Concussion Management\\n * Understanding Fracture Care\\n\\nPremier Orthopaedics\\n\\n * News\\n * Events\\n * FAQS\\n * Site map\\n * Privacy policy\\n * OrthoShops\\n * Apparel Store\\n\\n© 2016 Premier Orthopaedics |\\n\\nAppointments within 24 hours CALL 1.855.ORTHO.24\\n\\nX\\n\\n### GET YOUR E-BOOK\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171104214114/http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I must say, navigating life without my dominant arm has been an adventure! They say that mastering your non-dominant hand benefits your brain. It’s fun when I notice my left hand and arm getting stronger (carrying a stack of plates from the dining table), more flexible (I can now scrub, shave and deodorize my left pit, yeah baby!), and more skilled (change the sheets on Em’s bed and empty the dishwasher without breaking anything). And I’m learning ways to accomplish everyday tasks we take for granted.\",\n \"Doing my face and making my hair not look like a rat’s nest is nice when a neighbor stops by unexpectedly to check on me, but it also does a lot of good for my morale and outlook on the day. Learning how to work with my non- dominant hand is like learning from scratch. I thought my tips may help to those who are beauty novices as well as those who may be learning how to work with a non-dominant hand.\",\n \"Hair Once I got off the painkillers and felt good enough to leave the house for a bit, I made a hair appointment. I asked for lowlights instead of a single process to add depth to my wavy hair and cover gray without visible roots. I told her how I can spray product on my head, but lotions, creams, and hair dryers aren’t happening for a long while. She cut it to let the bangs grow out gracefully and cut long layers that would wave and curl in a beachy way when washed and air dried.\",\n \"I ordered one of those waterproof cast covers that looks like a giant blue condom, but the largest size was so tight on my upper arm that it worked like a tourniquet making my fingers tingle in just a minute. So I am resigned to baths with my well-wrapped arm sticking out of the tub. I squeeze shampoo directly onto my scalp and scrub it in, and then I slide down to rinse out as much as possible, Karl making sure I don’t slip or miss washing out any product. Conditioner, I squeeze onto the edge of the tub, then scoop it into my hair so I can bypass the scalp and focus on the ends.\",\n \"When I get out, I put a towel on the bed and bend my head onto it and blot dry. To keep my hair more on the ringlet size and less on the Kip Winger side, I invested in a DevaCurl towel. It’s small enough to use one-handed; I scrunch blot, apply product, then sometimes scrunch blot again if any spot is too drenched. The biggest issue is my bangs; they sometimes curl nicely into my hair, but more often than not they part in the middle and curl up like horns. So I sometimes have Karl point the hairdryer at my roots and I brush my bangs back and forth in a window washer style with a paddle brush (thanks Ted Gibson for the bangs tip!), or use a curling iron and carefully curl them into my hair (random grabs actually work for the bangs, looks more natural).\",\n \"As for styling products, I have a shelf of spray-bottle products now. Liking Nick Chavez Amazon Infinity Mist for waves, TIGI Bed Head Foxy Curls for ringlets, and once dry, TIGI Bed Head spray shine. For second day, I’ll use Batiste dry shampoo in deep brown which gives body, reduces shine, blends without a ton of rubbing, and provides some control to keep bangs merged with the rest of my hair.\",\n \"Makeup I’ve put my tube of Miracle Skin Transformer in my medicine cabinet so it’s easy to have a minimum of nice skin each day. It has replaced my traditional moisturizer, going over treatment and serum. I know it may be contaminating the tube, but I squeeze the product directly on my face then blend with my fingers.\",\n \"If I know I am going somewhere or wake energized, I put on actual foundation and concealer. My foundation (Revlon ColorStay Whipped) is in a jar, so it’s easier to apply. When I started, I would dip my Beauty Blender right in the jar and blend onto the skin. Now I feel confident applying with fingers then using the Beauty Blender to blend around the nose and jawline. Concealer goes over the foundation, using Laura Mercier Secret Camouflage, which is dry enough to not be a smeary mess. I pat it into places with my finger, then go back and blend so it has time to dry a bit. This helps because I don’t have as light or precise of a touch and letting it dry a bit keeps me from rubbing it all off.\",\n \"Next is brows; I’ve found the easiest and most natural is tarte Amazonian Clay Brow Mousse which is sort of a cream, sort of a wax and comes with its own brush. Not nearly as precise as I like but at least my brows are filled in. Better to be too gentle than too hard of a hand; if need be I can go back and tap the brush where there’s pale spots.\",\n \"Blush is my best friend these days, it really makes me look finished and healthy. I’ve returned to an old favorite, NARS Orgasm, which gives me a healthy glow and doesn’t make me look like a clown if I am too heavy handed. With less other makeup the shimmer in this blush looks more glowy than disco. I switched to my bareMinerals Flawless Application Face Brush, which is fluffier with longer bristles than my blush brush. A traditional blush or powder brush made obvious streaks if I had too heavy of a hand; this brush gives more of a wash of color.\",\n \"For eyes, I was curling my lashes until I had quite the mishap. Now I’m just using CoverGirl Clump Crusher Mascara which has a tube that can stand up on its own and doesn’t bend when I open it with my teeth (hello metal capped mascara). The formula is water resistant and a bit dry, so I don’t end up with raccoon eyes from shaky application or tears. I sometimes apply shadow, but just one of the nudes from my Urban Decay Naked Basics 1 palette, also applied with a fluffy brush so there’s no strong lines. As I have gotten more skilled with my left hand, I sometimes add a brown shadow in the crease for dimension. I’ve always felt confident with liquid liner, and when I’m feeling really good I’ll do a thin line with Maybelline Line Stiletto right along the lash line, from middle of lid to outer corner; otherwise I put a dampened slant brush in black or black-brown shadow and tap along the lash line which hides the missing lashes.\",\n \"As for lips, my daily go-to is Revlon Balm Stain; my two faves are Romantic and Adore. When I go out I sometimes wear Revlon Matte lipstick in Really Red which stays nicely, is elegant, and with my glasses makes me look finished.\",\n \"Finishing touch is e.l.f. Studio Makeup Mist & Set which helps everything stay in place without looking dry. Not too done, and more refined than a bare face!\",\n \"Since 2005, Wardrobe Oxygen has helped women realize their beauty and personal style and express it through their wardrobe. With years of experience as an apparel visual merchandiser and stylist, Alison Gary provides advice on how to achieve personal style no matter your age, size, or budget.\",\n \"Wardrobe Oxygen is a professional blog and makes money through collaborations with brands. When brands pay to be featured on this site, a post will have [Sponsored] in the title and within the copy the relationship will be explained. When a brand provides gifted merchandise, the item will be listed as c/o (courtesy of) and/or in the copy the relationship will be explained. Wardrobe Oxygen uses affiliate links. This means that clicking on and purchasing through a link may earn me a small commission. When a brand pays to have their product or sponsored post featured on social media, the hashtag #ad will be placed in the copy.\",\n \"I pride myself on honesty and transparency and only partner with brands that I like, use, and find a smart fit for Wardrobe Oxygen. I’ve created a series of posts about the business of blogging to better explain how these partnerships work. If you have any questions about this, do not hesitate to contact me.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast - Wardrobe Oxygen\\n\\nNavigation\\n\\n * About\\n\\n * Contact\\n * Work With Me\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * Outfit Posts\\n\\n * Spring\\n * Summer\\n * Fall Fashion\\n * Winter\\n * Fashion Advice\\n * Fashion Advice\\n\\n * Corporate Fashion\\n * Plus Size Fashion\\n * Beauty\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Blogging\\n * Travel\\n * Entertainment\\n * Music\\n * Subscribe\\n\\n * Style File Newsletter\\n * Email\\n * Feedly\\n * Bloglovin’\\n\\nMarch 31, 2014\\n\\n# One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast\\n\\nBeauty\\n\\nI must say, navigating life without my dominant arm has been an adventure!\\nThey say that mastering your non-dominant hand benefits your brain. It’s fun\\nwhen I notice my left hand and arm getting stronger (carrying a stack of\\nplates from the dining table), more flexible (I can now scrub, shave and\\ndeodorize my left pit, yeah baby!), and more skilled (change the sheets on\\nEm’s bed and empty the dishwasher without breaking anything). And I’m learning\\nways to accomplish everyday tasks we take for granted.\\n\\nLike makeup. And hair. And bathing.\\n\\nDoing my face and making my hair not look like a rat’s nest is nice when a\\nneighbor stops by unexpectedly to check on me, but it also does a lot of good\\nfor my morale and outlook on the day. Learning how to work with my non-\\ndominant hand is like learning from scratch. I thought my tips may help to\\nthose who are beauty novices as well as those who may be learning how to work\\nwith a non-dominant hand.\\n\\nHair Once I got off the painkillers and felt good enough to leave the house\\nfor a bit, I made a hair appointment. I asked for lowlights instead of a\\nsingle process to add depth to my wavy hair and cover gray without visible\\nroots. I told her how I can spray product on my head, but lotions, creams, and\\nhair dryers aren’t happening for a long while. She cut it to let the bangs\\ngrow out gracefully and cut long layers that would wave and curl in a beachy\\nway when washed and air dried.\\n\\nI ordered one of those waterproof cast covers that looks like a giant blue\\ncondom, but the largest size was so tight on my upper arm that it worked like\\na tourniquet making my fingers tingle in just a minute. So I am resigned to\\nbaths with my well-wrapped arm sticking out of the tub. I squeeze shampoo\\ndirectly onto my scalp and scrub it in, and then I slide down to rinse out as\\nmuch as possible, Karl making sure I don’t slip or miss washing out any\\nproduct. Conditioner, I squeeze onto the edge of the tub, then scoop it into\\nmy hair so I can bypass the scalp and focus on the ends.\\n\\nWhen I get out, I put a towel on the bed and bend my head onto it and blot\\ndry. To keep my hair more on the ringlet size and less on the Kip Winger side,\\nI invested in a DevaCurl towel. It’s small enough to use one-handed; I scrunch\\nblot, apply product, then sometimes scrunch blot again if any spot is too\\ndrenched. The biggest issue is my bangs; they sometimes curl nicely into my\\nhair, but more often than not they part in the middle and curl up like horns.\\nSo I sometimes have Karl point the hairdryer at my roots and I brush my bangs\\nback and forth in a window washer style with a paddle brush (thanks Ted Gibson\\nfor the bangs tip!), or use a curling iron and carefully curl them into my\\nhair (random grabs actually work for the bangs, looks more natural).\\n\\nAs for styling products, I have a shelf of spray-bottle products now. Liking\\nNick Chavez Amazon Infinity Mist for waves, TIGI Bed Head Foxy Curls for\\nringlets, and once dry, TIGI Bed Head spray shine. For second day, I’ll use\\nBatiste dry shampoo in deep brown which gives body, reduces shine, blends\\nwithout a ton of rubbing, and provides some control to keep bangs merged with\\nthe rest of my hair.\\n\\nMakeup I’ve put my tube of Miracle Skin Transformer in my medicine cabinet so\\nit’s easy to have a minimum of nice skin each day. It has replaced my\\ntraditional moisturizer, going over treatment and serum. I know it may be\\ncontaminating the tube, but I squeeze the product directly on my face then\\nblend with my fingers.\\n\\nIf I know I am going somewhere or wake energized, I put on actual foundation\\nand concealer. My foundation (Revlon ColorStay Whipped) is in a jar, so it’s\\neasier to apply. When I started, I would dip my Beauty Blender right in the\\njar and blend onto the skin. Now I feel confident applying with fingers then\\nusing the Beauty Blender to blend around the nose and jawline. Concealer goes\\nover the foundation, using Laura Mercier Secret Camouflage, which is dry\\nenough to not be a smeary mess. I pat it into places with my finger, then go\\nback and blend so it has time to dry a bit. This helps because I don’t have as\\nlight or precise of a touch and letting it dry a bit keeps me from rubbing it\\nall off.\\n\\nNext is brows; I’ve found the easiest and most natural is tarte Amazonian Clay\\nBrow Mousse which is sort of a cream, sort of a wax and comes with its own\\nbrush. Not nearly as precise as I like but at least my brows are filled in.\\nBetter to be too gentle than too hard of a hand; if need be I can go back and\\ntap the brush where there’s pale spots.\\n\\nBlush is my best friend these days, it really makes me look finished and\\nhealthy. I’ve returned to an old favorite, NARS Orgasm, which gives me a\\nhealthy glow and doesn’t make me look like a clown if I am too heavy handed.\\nWith less other makeup the shimmer in this blush looks more glowy than disco.\\nI switched to my bareMinerals Flawless Application Face Brush, which is\\nfluffier with longer bristles than my blush brush. A traditional blush or\\npowder brush made obvious streaks if I had too heavy of a hand; this brush\\ngives more of a wash of color.\\n\\nFor eyes, I was curling my lashes until I had quite the mishap. Now I’m just\\nusing CoverGirl Clump Crusher Mascara which has a tube that can stand up on\\nits own and doesn’t bend when I open it with my teeth (hello metal capped\\nmascara). The formula is water resistant and a bit dry, so I don’t end up with\\nraccoon eyes from shaky application or tears. I sometimes apply shadow, but\\njust one of the nudes from my Urban Decay Naked Basics 1 palette, also applied\\nwith a fluffy brush so there’s no strong lines. As I have gotten more skilled\\nwith my left hand, I sometimes add a brown shadow in the crease for dimension.\\nI’ve always felt confident with liquid liner, and when I’m feeling really good\\nI’ll do a thin line with Maybelline Line Stiletto right along the lash line,\\nfrom middle of lid to outer corner; otherwise I put a dampened slant brush in\\nblack or black-brown shadow and tap along the lash line which hides the\\nmissing lashes.\\n\\nAs for lips, my daily go-to is Revlon Balm Stain; my two faves are Romantic\\nand Adore. When I go out I sometimes wear Revlon Matte lipstick in Really Red\\nwhich stays nicely, is elegant, and with my glasses makes me look finished.\\n\\nFinishing touch is e.l.f. Studio Makeup Mist & Set which helps everything stay\\nin place without looking dry. Not too done, and more refined than a bare face!\\n\\nFollow Me | Twitter | Facebook | Instagram\\n\\nbroken armCastCoverz!\\n\\nWrite a comment\\n\\n### you may also like:\\n\\n * September 6, 2014 Feeling Free\\n * February 21, 2014 From the Couch of Alison Gary\\n * June 11, 2014 Long Time, No Blog!\\n\\n#### About Me\\n\\n#### WARDROBE OXYGEN\\n\\nSince 2005, Wardrobe Oxygen has helped women realize their beauty and personal\\nstyle and express it through their wardrobe. With years of experience as an\\napparel visual merchandiser and stylist, Alison Gary provides advice on how to\\nachieve personal style no matter your age, size, or budget.\\n\\nRead More\\n\\n#### Instagram\\n\\n#### Popular Posts\\n\\n#### Nordstrom Fall Sale: The Best Shoes of the Sale\\n\\nNovember 4, 2017\\n\\n#### What I Wore: Full Beauty for Fall [Sponsored]\\n\\nNovember 3, 2017\\n\\n#### Quitting versus Giving Up\\n\\nNovember 2, 2017\\n\\n#### Disclosure\\n\\nWardrobe Oxygen is a professional blog and makes money through collaborations\\nwith brands. When brands pay to be featured on this site, a post will have\\n[Sponsored] in the title and within the copy the relationship will be\\nexplained. When a brand provides gifted merchandise, the item will be listed\\nas c/o (courtesy of) and/or in the copy the relationship will be explained.\\nWardrobe Oxygen uses affiliate links. This means that clicking on and\\npurchasing through a link may earn me a small commission. When a brand pays to\\nhave their product or sponsored post featured on social media, the hashtag #ad\\nwill be placed in the copy.\\n\\nI pride myself on honesty and transparency and only partner with brands that I\\nlike, use, and find a smart fit for Wardrobe Oxygen. I’ve created a series of\\nposts about the business of blogging to better explain how these partnerships\\nwork. If you have any questions about this, do not hesitate to contact me.\\n\\n@wardrobe_oxygen\\n\\nCopyright © 2005 - 2017 Wardrobe Oxygen All rights reserved.\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\nPowered by chloédigital\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201101020619/https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Scheduled for surgery? With a little planning, you can make the most of your recovery period. Here is a list full of ideas compiled from Spine-health's social media community to help get you started.\",\n \"Using these tips prior to your surgery can make your transition from the hospital to your home more seamless. Watch: How to Prep Your Home for Spine Surgery Recovery Video\",\n \"This list was written specifically for people having back surgery, but many of these suggestions apply to most types of surgery.\",\n \"Discover new music. Listening to music can be soothing. Explore hundreds of new tunes on the radio or from your favorite music service. Many music streaming services offer free trials.\",\n \"Watch the movies that you've always wanted to see. Borrow some Blu-rays or DVDs from friends, or check some out from your local library. Don’t forget the classics—if you're on pain medications you may want to watch something that moves a little slower.\",\n \"Get lost in a good novel. Check out the latest mystery, romance, thriller, or fantasy titles. You could also consider one of the classics, such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Grapes of Wrath, The Old Man and the Sea, The Great Gatsby, The Call of the Wild, or War and Peace. Grab a print version or consider an e-reader.\",\n \"Learn some card tricks. Many are really quite simple, and YouTube has tons of instructional videos for learning beginner card tricks.\",\n \"Play classic games with your visitors. Monopoly, Scrabble, Uno, and chess are a few good options. There are many online versions of classic games that you can play with friends even when they're not with you. You can also play with experts online and sharpen your skills.\",\n \"Brush up on your chess strategy skill while you recover from surgery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\",\n \"Subscribe to a streaming service. Access TV shows, movies, documentaries, and more from your Internet-connected TV, tablet, or computer. Your local library may also have an option for a free streaming service. Find a list of the top-rated shows from rottentomatoes.com or other ratings sites to help you choose something to watch.\",\n \"10. Make music. If approved by your surgeon, try playing an instrument that you enjoy. You could also ask a musical friend to play an instrument or help you to start learning.\",\n \"Peruse YouTube's top 100 subscribed channels. Several great comedians have their best routines on YouTube, as well as singers and other entertainers.\",\n \"Play video games. Various game consoles are available from Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony. You can also search for games to play on your computer, smartphone, or tablet.\",\n \"Try Simon, a classic memory test game. It's not too difficult, so it’s good if the pain medications are affecting your concentration.\",\n \"Read a joke book. It may help lighten your mood. You can also tell some of these new jokes to your visitors.\",\n \"Indulge in the at-home spa treatment. Give yourself a manicure or a facial, or look through magazines to find a new hairstyle you'd like to try.\",\n \"Order your favorite food. With the recent surge in food delivery services—such as GrubHub, UberEats, and DoorDash—it’s easier than ever to have your favorite restaurants deliver right to your door. Just remember to check with your doctor about which foods are appropriate during your recovery.\",\n \"Open a Pinterest account and start pinning away. Pinterest allows you to create collections of your favorite ideas on different boards. Visit Spine-health’s boards while you’re at it.\",\n \"Soak up the sun. Sit outside for a while each day to get some sunshine and fresh air. The sun’s rays can help promote vitamin D production—needed for bone health—and may also help release endorphins for a mood boost.^1\",\n \"Get free therapy online. Make friends with other people who are in similar situations on Spine-health's Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. One member noted: \\\"...finding this site and spending time here was a great help during recuperation—both in regard to having something to do but also for learning and understanding about our surgeries and recovery, and also being able to help and assist others here—that's why I am still active here 7 months after surgery.\\\"\",\n \"Keep a private journal. Some studies have found that regularly expressing your thoughts and emotions, such as in a daily journal, may help reduce stress and improve cognition.^2^,^3\",\n \"Chronicle your recovery. Use a social media account or start a blog, such as at Wordpress.com. Share the parts of your recovery that you want others to know, and with each post your network of friends and family will be automatically notified.\",\n \"Join a Facebook Group. Reading about and interacting online with others who are going through similar experiences can be beneficial. Many groups are available for people recovering from surgery, such as the Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. You can also recommend groups to a loved one who is trying to better understand what you’re going through.\",\n \"Connect with an old friend. Try sending a card or letter via old fashioned mail to an old friend with whom you’ve lost touch. Or find your friend online and reconnect.\",\n \"Learn to meditate. Meditation is great for reducing stress and producing an overall feeling of calm and well-being, all of which can help during recovery from surgery.\",\n \"Enjoy a relaxing massage. Massage is a great way to relax and reduce stress. Ask your doctor about the type of massage that is suitable for you and the right time to get one.\",\n \"Make a photo album. Take this time to put all those old pictures in an album, or to turn your digital prints into physical photos. Consider learning how to create a photo scrapbook or online photo album with all your digital prints using Shutterfly.com, Snapfish.com, or any other online photo service.\",\n \"Become an expert on a specific subject. Watch documentaries, read books, and perform online research. Ancient Greece? Bird watching? History of golf? Research and learn all about the topics that interest you.\",\n \"Set up a digital picture frame. Load your best pictures and videos onto a digital frame, such as a Nixplay or Aura, so that you can enjoy them day in and day out. Tell your loved ones to email pictures they take as well—they can auto-upload into the digital picture frame, keeping the images up to date and fresh.\",\n \"Search Spine-health.com for articles relating to your condition. Read up on postoperative recovery related to your surgery. Start your search here\",\n \"Make useful gifts the old-fashioned way. Knit or crochet a baby blanket for someone who's expecting a baby soon, needlepoint a gift, or make advance holiday gifts. Doing something with your hands while listening to music or an audiobook can be truly relaxing.\",\n \"Plan out your home chores. Make a list for all those odd jobs that need to get done around the home.\",\n \"Organize your home. Inventory all the stuff you want to get rid of around your home or garage. Donate it or sell it on eBay or Craigslist.\",\n \"Create a Wikipedia page. Help build the online encyclopedia Wikipedia by editing or starting any topic where you have expertise.\",\n \"Learning origami may help take your mind off of the more painful portions of back surgery recovery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\",\n \"Plan your meal prep for later. Create a list of recipes that are easy to prepare that you can make once you're up and around but still recovering. You can also keep track of them online with Pinterest.\",\n \"Start learning a new language. Maybe you’ve always wanted to know another language, or perhaps you’re planning an international trip. Various software programs are available for learning languages. Many libraries carry the Rosetta Stone program, or you can download language apps to your phone or tablet.\",\n \"Research health professionals. Look up the health professionals that you plan to consult once you are ready to get out and moving, such as massage therapists, physical therapists, or personal trainers. It’s also a good idea to call your insurance and check your coverage and the in-network practices.\",\n \"Order personalized stationery. Personalized address stamps or stickers can be useful if you plan to send out annual cards. You can also design your own card and update your address list.\",\n \"Write a short thank you (or love note). Express your feelings through written notes to the person who is caring for you and put it in the same place for them to find each day.\",\n \"Help a local animal shelter’s pets find their forever homes. You can share pet photos and stories on your social media accounts, such as Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, or others.\",\n \"Encourage others. Send an email or note of encouragement to someone you know who might also be going through a difficult time.\",\n \"Take time to listen to your visitors. If you have friends and family visiting during your recovery, encourage them to talk about themselves and their lives. It will go a long way to help take your mind off the pain.\",\n \"Teach someone about something you know. Whatever your expertise, there is someone you can help out by passing it on. If you have learned a lot from your health experience and surgery, share what you've learned with others in our Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook.\",\n \"Consider donating to charity. You can research charitable causes online. Websites like GoFundMe let you give money to support someone in need.\",\n \"Acknowledge the service of people in your community. Consider emailing thank you notes to anyone in a service role, such as your local police, your country's service personnel, or your children's teachers.\",\n \"Volunteer from your home. See if you can volunteer for an organization that allows you to call and talk to people who are lonely, such as people in nursing homes or people confined to their house.\",\n \"Plan future volunteer opportunities. Think about a cause you might want to volunteer for after you’ve recovered and have more energy. You can research volunteer opportunities near you at nationalservice.gov, justserve.org, and dosomething.org.\",\n \"Try to walk regularly. Start with short walks, as tolerated, and gradually work up to longer walks as your recovery progresses. For encouragement, consider using a Fitbit or other wearable device that tracks your steps, or walk with a friend. Only walk on flat ground and clutter-flee floors to reduce the risk for a fall.\",\n \"Go to a store. If you can't walk much yet, have someone drive you to Walmart or Target for items that you may need. You can ride one of the motorized scooters to get around the store.\",\n \"Perform gentle exercises and stretches. While it is important to avoid any movements that your surgeon has prohibited—such as bending, lifting, or twisting after back surgery—some exercises and stretches may be helpful in your recovery.\",\n \"Sign up for water therapy. Water exercise can be gentle on your back, as the water supports you while you exercise and prevents any jarring motion.\",\n \"Consult with your surgeon and health care team before choosing a new activity while you recover from surgery. Also, many of these ideas require a laptop/tablet and Internet access. If you don't have a laptop/tablet, you can buy an inexpensive one or borrow one from a friend or family member. Wireless Internet is a good idea so you can access the Internet from your bed, a recliner, or wherever you're most comfortable.\",\n \"1.Juzeniene A, Moan J. Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012; 4(2):109-17. doi: 10.4161/derm.20013\",\n \"This site is for educational purposes only; no information is intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. The information is produced and reviewed by over 200 medical professionals with the goal of providing trusted, uniquely informative information for people with painful health conditions. Our forums do not include medical advice and are for emotional support only.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nArthritis-health.com Sports-health.com\\n\\nConditions\\n\\nTreatment\\n\\nWellness\\n\\nVideos\\n\\n### Conditions\\n\\n * Arthritis\\n * Chronic Pain\\n * Degenerative Disc Disease\\n * Herniated Disc\\n * Lower Back Pain\\n * Neck Pain\\n * Osteoporosis\\n * Sciatica\\n * Spinal Stenosis\\n * All Conditions\\n\\n### Treatment\\n\\n * Alternative Care\\n * Artificial Disc Replacement\\n * Back Surgery\\n * Chiropractic\\n * Injections\\n * Pain Management\\n * Pain Medication\\n * Physical Therapy\\n * Spinal Fusion\\n * All Treatments\\n\\n### Wellness\\n\\n * Ergonomics\\n * Exercise\\n * Massage Therapy\\n * Nutrition, Diet, and Weight Loss\\n * Sleep\\n * Stop Smoking\\n * Yoga, Pilates, and Tai Chi\\n * All Wellness\\n\\n### Videos\\n\\n * Degenerative Disc Disease Videos\\n * Exercise Videos\\n * Herniated Disc Videos\\n * Injection Videos\\n * Lower Back Pain Videos\\n * Neck Pain Videos\\n * Sciatica Videos\\n * Spinal Stenosis Videos\\n * Surgery Videos\\n * All Videos\\n\\n### Quick Links\\n\\n * Blog\\n * Find a Doctor or Spine Center\\n * Videos\\n * Education Centers (Sponsored)\\n * Free Newsletters\\n\\n## You are here\\n\\n * Blog\\n * 56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\\n\\n# 56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\\n\\nshare pin it Newsletters\\n\\nBy David DeWitt, MD\\n\\nUpdated: 01/09/2020\\n\\nScheduled for surgery? With a little planning, you can make the most of your\\nrecovery period. Here is a list full of ideas compiled from Spine-health's\\nsocial media community to help get you started.\\n\\nSave\\n\\nUsing these tips prior to your surgery can make your transition from the\\nhospital to your home more seamless. Watch: How to Prep Your Home for Spine\\nSurgery Recovery Video\\n\\nThis list was written specifically for people having back surgery, but many of\\nthese suggestions apply to most types of surgery.\\n\\n## You'll need some pure entertainment to pass the time.\\n\\n 1. Discover new music. Listening to music can be soothing. Explore hundreds of new tunes on the radio or from your favorite music service. Many music streaming services offer free trials.\\n 2. Watch the movies that you've always wanted to see. Borrow some Blu-rays or DVDs from friends, or check some out from your local library. Don’t forget the classics—if you're on pain medications you may want to watch something that moves a little slower.\\n 3. Get lost in a good novel. Check out the latest mystery, romance, thriller, or fantasy titles. You could also consider one of the classics, such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Grapes of Wrath, The Old Man and the Sea, The Great Gatsby, The Call of the Wild, or War and Peace. Grab a print version or consider an e-reader.\\n 4. Listen to audiobooks. Sometimes it's easier to listen to a book than to read.\\n 5. Learn some card tricks. Many are really quite simple, and YouTube has tons of instructional videos for learning beginner card tricks.\\n 6. Play classic games with your visitors. Monopoly, Scrabble, Uno, and chess are a few good options. There are many online versions of classic games that you can play with friends even when they're not with you. You can also play with experts online and sharpen your skills.\\n\\nSave\\n\\nBrush up on your chess strategy skill while you recover from surgery. See\\nPractical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\\n\\n 7. Subscribe to a streaming service. Access TV shows, movies, documentaries, and more from your Internet-connected TV, tablet, or computer. Your local library may also have an option for a free streaming service. Find a list of the top-rated shows from rottentomatoes.com or other ratings sites to help you choose something to watch.\\n 8. Solve crossword puzzles. Explore word puzzles or try a numbers version of crosswords like sudoku or kakuro.\\n 9. Master a new puzzle type. Have you ever completed a Rubik’s cube? How about a peg-jumping puzzle?\\n 10. 10\\\\. Make music. If approved by your surgeon, try playing an instrument that you enjoy. You could also ask a musical friend to play an instrument or help you to start learning.\\n 11. Peruse YouTube's top 100 subscribed channels. Several great comedians have their best routines on YouTube, as well as singers and other entertainers.\\n 12. Play video games. Various game consoles are available from Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony. You can also search for games to play on your computer, smartphone, or tablet.\\n 13. Try Simon, a classic memory test game. It's not too difficult, so it’s good if the pain medications are affecting your concentration.\\n 14. Read a joke book. It may help lighten your mood. You can also tell some of these new jokes to your visitors.\\n 15. Indulge in the at-home spa treatment. Give yourself a manicure or a facial, or look through magazines to find a new hairstyle you'd like to try.\\n 16. Order your favorite food. With the recent surge in food delivery services—such as GrubHub, UberEats, and DoorDash—it’s easier than ever to have your favorite restaurants deliver right to your door. Just remember to check with your doctor about which foods are appropriate during your recovery.\\n 17. Open a Pinterest account and start pinning away. Pinterest allows you to create collections of your favorite ideas on different boards. Visit Spine-health’s boards while you’re at it.\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n## You'll need emotional care and support.\\n\\n 18. Soak up the sun. Sit outside for a while each day to get some sunshine and fresh air. The sun’s rays can help promote vitamin D production—needed for bone health—and may also help release endorphins for a mood boost.^1\\n 19. Get free therapy online. Make friends with other people who are in similar situations on Spine-health's Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. One member noted: \\\"...finding this site and spending time here was a great help during recuperation—both in regard to having something to do but also for learning and understanding about our surgeries and recovery, and also being able to help and assist others here—that's why I am still active here 7 months after surgery.\\\"\\n 20. Keep a private journal. Some studies have found that regularly expressing your thoughts and emotions, such as in a daily journal, may help reduce stress and improve cognition.^2^,^3\\n 21. Chronicle your recovery. Use a social media account or start a blog, such as at Wordpress.com. Share the parts of your recovery that you want others to know, and with each post your network of friends and family will be automatically notified.\\n 22. Join a Facebook Group. Reading about and interacting online with others who are going through similar experiences can be beneficial. Many groups are available for people recovering from surgery, such as the Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. You can also recommend groups to a loved one who is trying to better understand what you’re going through.\\n 23. Connect with an old friend. Try sending a card or letter via old fashioned mail to an old friend with whom you’ve lost touch. Or find your friend online and reconnect.\\n 24. Learn to meditate. Meditation is great for reducing stress and producing an overall feeling of calm and well-being, all of which can help during recovery from surgery.\\n 25. Enjoy a relaxing massage. Massage is a great way to relax and reduce stress. Ask your doctor about the type of massage that is suitable for you and the right time to get one.\\n\\nSee Massage Therapy for Lower Back Pain\\n\\n 26. Visit Spine-health’s wellness sections. You can find more tips about massage, nutrition, exercise, and other ways to maintain wellness.\\n\\nRead more in our Wellness Health Center\\n\\n## Feeling productive and getting things done will help you along.\\n\\n 27. Make a photo album. Take this time to put all those old pictures in an album, or to turn your digital prints into physical photos. Consider learning how to create a photo scrapbook or online photo album with all your digital prints using Shutterfly.com, Snapfish.com, or any other online photo service.\\n 28. Plan a future getaway. Research and plan ahead for your next vacation.\\n 29. Become an expert on a specific subject. Watch documentaries, read books, and perform online research. Ancient Greece? Bird watching? History of golf? Research and learn all about the topics that interest you.\\n 30. Set up a digital picture frame. Load your best pictures and videos onto a digital frame, such as a Nixplay or Aura, so that you can enjoy them day in and day out. Tell your loved ones to email pictures they take as well—they can auto-upload into the digital picture frame, keeping the images up to date and fresh.\\n 31. Search Spine-health.com for articles relating to your condition. Read up on postoperative recovery related to your surgery. Start your search here\\n 32. Make useful gifts the old-fashioned way. Knit or crochet a baby blanket for someone who's expecting a baby soon, needlepoint a gift, or make advance holiday gifts. Doing something with your hands while listening to music or an audiobook can be truly relaxing.\\n 33. Plan out your home chores. Make a list for all those odd jobs that need to get done around the home.\\n 34. Organize your home. Inventory all the stuff you want to get rid of around your home or garage. Donate it or sell it on eBay or Craigslist.\\n 35. Write creatively. Get started on that short story or novel that you've always wanted to write.\\n 36. Create a Wikipedia page. Help build the online encyclopedia Wikipedia by editing or starting any topic where you have expertise.\\n 37. Learn origami. Create beautiful origami gift boxes or figures.\\n\\nSave\\n\\nLearning origami may help take your mind off of the more painful portions of\\nback surgery recovery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\\n\\n 38. Plan your meal prep for later. Create a list of recipes that are easy to prepare that you can make once you're up and around but still recovering. You can also keep track of them online with Pinterest.\\n 39. Start learning a new language. Maybe you’ve always wanted to know another language, or perhaps you’re planning an international trip. Various software programs are available for learning languages. Many libraries carry the Rosetta Stone program, or you can download language apps to your phone or tablet.\\n 40. Research health professionals. Look up the health professionals that you plan to consult once you are ready to get out and moving, such as massage therapists, physical therapists, or personal trainers. It’s also a good idea to call your insurance and check your coverage and the in-network practices.\\n\\nSee Specialists Who Treat Back Pain\\n\\n 41. Order personalized stationery. Personalized address stamps or stickers can be useful if you plan to send out annual cards. You can also design your own card and update your address list.\\n 42. Learn calligraphy. Amaze your friends and family when addressing this year’s greeting cards with creative calligraphy writing.\\n\\n## Doing good for others will also help you feel better.\\n\\n 43. Write a short thank you (or love note). Express your feelings through written notes to the person who is caring for you and put it in the same place for them to find each day.\\n 44. Appreciate your hospital staff. Go on the hospital's social media sites and comment on the positive experiences you had.\\n 45. Help a local animal shelter’s pets find their forever homes. You can share pet photos and stories on your social media accounts, such as Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, or others.\\n 46. Encourage others. Send an email or note of encouragement to someone you know who might also be going through a difficult time.\\n 47. Take time to listen to your visitors. If you have friends and family visiting during your recovery, encourage them to talk about themselves and their lives. It will go a long way to help take your mind off the pain.\\n 48. Teach someone about something you know. Whatever your expertise, there is someone you can help out by passing it on. If you have learned a lot from your health experience and surgery, share what you've learned with others in our Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook.\\n 49. Consider donating to charity. You can research charitable causes online. Websites like GoFundMe let you give money to support someone in need.\\n 50. Acknowledge the service of people in your community. Consider emailing thank you notes to anyone in a service role, such as your local police, your country's service personnel, or your children's teachers.\\n 51. Volunteer from your home. See if you can volunteer for an organization that allows you to call and talk to people who are lonely, such as people in nursing homes or people confined to their house.\\n 52. Plan future volunteer opportunities. Think about a cause you might want to volunteer for after you’ve recovered and have more energy. You can research volunteer opportunities near you at nationalservice.gov, justserve.org, and dosomething.org.\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n## Getting mobile again will do you a world of good\\n\\n 53. Try to walk regularly. Start with short walks, as tolerated, and gradually work up to longer walks as your recovery progresses. For encouragement, consider using a Fitbit or other wearable device that tracks your steps, or walk with a friend. Only walk on flat ground and clutter-flee floors to reduce the risk for a fall.\\n\\nSee Exercise Walking for Better Back Health\\n\\n 54. Go to a store. If you can't walk much yet, have someone drive you to Walmart or Target for items that you may need. You can ride one of the motorized scooters to get around the store.\\n 55. Perform gentle exercises and stretches. While it is important to avoid any movements that your surgeon has prohibited—such as bending, lifting, or twisting after back surgery—some exercises and stretches may be helpful in your recovery.\\n\\nSee Easy Exercise Program for Low Back Pain Relief\\n\\n 56. Sign up for water therapy. Water exercise can be gentle on your back, as the water supports you while you exercise and prevents any jarring motion.\\n\\nSee Water Therapy Exercise Program\\n\\nConsult with your surgeon and health care team before choosing a new activity\\nwhile you recover from surgery. Also, many of these ideas require a\\nlaptop/tablet and Internet access. If you don't have a laptop/tablet, you can\\nbuy an inexpensive one or borrow one from a friend or family member. Wireless\\nInternet is a good idea so you can access the Internet from your bed, a\\nrecliner, or wherever you're most comfortable.\\n\\n## Learn more:\\n\\nRehabilitation After Spine Surgery\\n\\nRehabilitation and Exercise Following Spine Surgery\\n\\n## References\\n\\n * 1.Juzeniene A, Moan J. Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012; 4(2):109-17. doi: 10.4161/derm.20013\\n * 2.Klein K, Boals A Expressive writing can increase working memory capacity. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001; 130(2): 520-33.\\n * 3.Langens TA, Schuler J. Effects of written emotional expression: the role of positive expectancies. Health Psychol. 2007; 26(2): 174-82.\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n### Editor's Top Picks\\n\\nVideo: Questions to Ask Your Spine Surgeon\\n\\nPreparation Before Back Surgery\\n\\nVideo: Am I a Candidate for Back Surgery?\\n\\nPractical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\\n\\nPain Management at Home after ACDF\\n\\nHow to Prep Your Home for Spine Surgery Recovery Video\\n\\nPain Topics\\n\\n * Back Surgery\\n * Chiropractic\\n * Degenerative Disc Disease\\n * Exercise/Fitness\\n * Herniated Disc\\n * Lower Back Pain\\n * Neck Pain\\n * Osteoporosis / Fracture\\n * Sacroiliac Joint Pain\\n * Sciatica\\n * Spinal Fusion\\n * Spinal Stenosis\\n * Spinal Tumor\\n * Upper Back Pain\\n * Find a Back Doctor\\n * All Pain Topics A - Z\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n * Latest\\n * Top Videos\\n * Top Articles\\n\\n * Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injections for Low Back Pain and Sciatica\\n * Back Pain in Pregnancy\\n * Back Pain After Pregnancy\\n * Cervical Bone Spurs Symptoms and Causes Animation\\n * Text Neck Symptoms and Causes Video\\n\\n * Lumbar Herniated Disc Video\\n * Sciatica Animated Video\\n * Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease Video\\n * Piriformis Syndrome Video\\n * Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction Video\\n\\n * Lower Back Pain Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment\\n * Sciatica Exercises for Sciatica Pain Relief\\n * What You Need to Know About Sciatica\\n * Leg Pain and Numbness: What Might These Symptoms Mean?\\n * Stiff Neck Causes, Symptoms and Treatment\\n\\nFind a Spine Center\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nHealth Information (Sponsored)\\n\\nSubscribe to Our Newsletters Get Veritas Health eNewsletters delivered to your\\ninbox.\\n\\nSubscribe Now\\n\\nSpine-health.com Resources\\n\\n * Authors\\n * Education Centers\\n * En Español\\n * Find a Back Doctor\\n * Find a Spine Center\\n * Find Support\\n * Glossary\\n * Join Our Physician Directory\\n * Spine Pain Topics\\n\\nAbout Veritas Health\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Accessibility\\n * Advertising and Sponsorship Guidelines\\n * Awards\\n * Careers\\n * Contact Us\\n * Editorial Process\\n * Press Room\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n * Other Veritas Health Websites:\\n * Arthritis-health\\n * Sports-health\\n * Pain-health\\n\\nView site: Desktop | Mobile\\n\\nThis site is for educational purposes only; no information is intended or\\nimplied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. The information is\\nproduced and reviewed by over 200 medical professionals with the goal of\\nproviding trusted, uniquely informative information for people with painful\\nhealth conditions. Our forums do not include medical advice and are for\\nemotional support only.\\n\\n© 1999-2020 Veritas Health, LLC. All rights reserved. Veritas Health, LLC, 520\\nLake Cook Road, Suite 350, Deerfield, IL, 60015.\\n\\nprime | version.2020.05.028-2020.05.006\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160505070648/http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Doctors by their medical specialty:| Specialty name (e.g. \\\"orthopedic surgery\\\") Group practice or hospital:| Practice or hospital name (e.g. \\\"Pinnacle Hospital\\\") Specific Doctor:| Doctor’s name (e.g. \\\"Dr. Smith\\\" or \\\"John Smith\\\")\",\n \"You may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling helps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or collarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others will wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it, wearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical tips for coping with your sling.\",\n \"Your doctor will give you specific instructions for wearing your sling. If you had surgery, you will likely wear the sling until your follow-up appointment. You will gradually decrease your sling use. As you heal from an injury or surgery, you may only need it while awake, or at night, or as needed for comfort. While wearing your sling, move your fingers and wrist several times a day to prevent stiffness.\",\n \"The sling strap goes from the elbow of the injured arm, across your back to the opposite shoulder, and down across your chest to the wrist of the injured arm. You can attach the strap before you put it on and adjust it after it’s in position. Your hand should be at or above the level of your elbow. Adjust the strap pad comfortably near your neck. Ask your doctor to review your sling’s instructions with you.\",\n \"You may or may not need help bathing for the first few weeks in a sling. If your injury is minor, your doctor may allow you to remove the sling and bathe freely. For more severe injuries or surgery, your doctor may tell you to remove the sling but not to use your injured arm to bathe. This means you will need someone to wash your healthy arm.\",\n \"Dressing will also depend on the severity of your injury. You may be able to dress normally with a mild injury. For more severe injuries and surgery, wearing shirts that open in front will be easiest. Slide your injured arm in first and proceed to finish dressing. If your dominant arm is injured, fasteners may be a challenge. You may need help with zippers or buttons, and find that snaps are easier. Resist the urge to use your injured arm.\",\n \"It can be difficult to get comfortable while sleeping with a shoulder sling. Try propping your arm with pillows, sleeping on your back, propping your whole upper body, or sleeping in a reclining chair. If sleeping is not going well, talk with your doctor about whether wearing the sling at night is absolutely essential.\",\n \"Remember to use your healthy arm for all daily activities. These activities include eating, preparing meals, using the toilet, and moving between sitting, standing and lying down. This can be quite a challenge if your dominant arm is injured. It will take some practice, some help from others, and some creativity. You should avoid housework and vigorous activities until your doctor clears it.\",\n \"People often need physical therapy to recover from a severe injury or shoulder surgery. You will need to remove your sling to complete your exercises. This rehabilitation is vital to prevent joint stiffness and regain joint function. You will likely progress from simple range-of-motion exercises to strengthening exercises. Follow your therapist’s instructions for wearing your sling.\",\n \"For most shoulder slings, you can hand wash them and let them air dry. You can do this occasionally if it gets dirty or if you only use it for comfort. If you are wearing your sling continually, you may want to consider having two slings. Have one to wear while the other dries.\",\n \"You may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling helps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or collarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others will wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it, wearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical tips for coping with your sling.\",\n \"© 2016 Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced or reprinted without permission from Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. Use of this information is governed by the Healthgrades User Agreement.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling | Healthgrades\\n\\nPatients:\\n\\nSign up or Login\\n\\nSign Up For Free\\n\\n * Save doctors & hospitals\\n * Add private notes\\n * Connect at home & on-the-go\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nDoctors:\\n\\nUpdate your free profile\\n\\nWelcome\\n\\n * Dashbord\\n * My Doctors\\n * My Hospitals\\n * My HealthStories\\n\\n * Account Settings\\n * My Profile\\n * Account & Preferences\\n * Logout\\n\\nDoctors Dentists Hospitals\\n\\n## New! Healthgrades gives you 4 ways to find the right care:\\n\\nTO FIND:| ENTER: \\n---|--- \\nDoctors with experience in your treatment:|\\n\\nHealth condition (e.g. \\\"rheumatoid arthritis\\\") Medical procedure (e.g. \\\"total\\nknee replacement\\\") \\n \\nDoctors by their medical specialty:| Specialty name (e.g. \\\"orthopedic\\nsurgery\\\") \\nGroup practice or hospital:| Practice or hospital name (e.g. \\\"Pinnacle\\nHospital\\\") \\nSpecific Doctor:| Doctor’s name (e.g. \\\"Dr. Smith\\\" or \\\"John Smith\\\") \\n \\n * Main\\n * Rotator Cuff Surgery\\n * 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\\n\\nView All \\\"Rotator Cuff Surgery\\\" Articles\\n\\n# 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\\n\\nBy\\n\\nSarah Lewis, PharmD\\n\\nWas this helpful? (55)\\n\\n8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\\n\\nSarah Lewis, PharmD\\n\\n * 1\\n\\nYou may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling\\nhelps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or\\ncollarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others\\nwill wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it,\\nwearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical\\ntips for coping with your sling.\\n\\nShoulder Slings\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Fa7%2F39%2F02b1f7964be09f3c159d9a67f007%2Fimage-\\narm-in-sling.jpg\\n\\n * 2\\n\\nYour doctor will give you specific instructions for wearing your sling. If you\\nhad surgery, you will likely wear the sling until your follow-up appointment.\\nYou will gradually decrease your sling use. As you heal from an injury or\\nsurgery, you may only need it while awake, or at night, or as needed for\\ncomfort. While wearing your sling, move your fingers and wrist several times a\\nday to prevent stiffness.\\n\\n1\\\\. Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions on When to Wear Your Sling\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ffd%2F63%2Fcf8a96224eceb3500c7853b0c2b0%2Fimage-\\ndoctor-adjusting-arm-sling.jpg\\n\\n * 3\\n\\nThe sling strap goes from the elbow of the injured arm, across your back to\\nthe opposite shoulder, and down across your chest to the wrist of the injured\\narm. You can attach the strap before you put it on and adjust it after it’s in\\nposition. Your hand should be at or above the level of your elbow. Adjust the\\nstrap pad comfortably near your neck. Ask your doctor to review your sling’s\\ninstructions with you.\\n\\n2\\\\. Wear Your Shoulder Sling Properly\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F09%2F9f%2Ff9c83c794165a107947fed7bbc62%2Fimage-\\ndoctor-helping-patient-with-arm-in-sling.jpg\\n\\n * 4\\n\\nYou may or may not need help bathing for the first few weeks in a sling. If\\nyour injury is minor, your doctor may allow you to remove the sling and bathe\\nfreely. For more severe injuries or surgery, your doctor may tell you to\\nremove the sling but not to use your injured arm to bathe. This means you will\\nneed someone to wash your healthy arm.\\n\\n3\\\\. Take Care When Bathing\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Faa%2F5c%2Fdb38cb294662b627d0ca30665e29%2Fimage-\\nbathroom-showerhead.jpg\\n\\n * 5\\n\\nDressing will also depend on the severity of your injury. You may be able to\\ndress normally with a mild injury. For more severe injuries and surgery,\\nwearing shirts that open in front will be easiest. Slide your injured arm in\\nfirst and proceed to finish dressing. If your dominant arm is injured,\\nfasteners may be a challenge. You may need help with zippers or buttons, and\\nfind that snaps are easier. Resist the urge to use your injured arm.\\n\\n4\\\\. You May Need Help Getting Dressed\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F68%2Fda%2Fc9b73921464d8d5a3ff01344d044%2Fimage-\\nblue-shirt.jpg\\n\\n * 6\\n\\nIt can be difficult to get comfortable while sleeping with a shoulder sling.\\nTry propping your arm with pillows, sleeping on your back, propping your whole\\nupper body, or sleeping in a reclining chair. If sleeping is not going well,\\ntalk with your doctor about whether wearing the sling at night is absolutely\\nessential.\\n\\n5\\\\. You May Need to Adjust the Way You Sleep\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F5e%2F23%2F1effeaf448059623493dac778d9a%2Fimage-\\nwoman-sleeping-on-sofa.jpg\\n\\n * 7\\n\\nRemember to use your healthy arm for all daily activities. These activities\\ninclude eating, preparing meals, using the toilet, and moving between sitting,\\nstanding and lying down. This can be quite a challenge if your dominant arm is\\ninjured. It will take some practice, some help from others, and some\\ncreativity. You should avoid housework and vigorous activities until your\\ndoctor clears it.\\n\\n6\\\\. Use Your Healthy Arm for Daily Activities\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ff7%2F0a%2F3242c1594d8bb4dc61fe226ee2a1%2Fimage-\\nhand-picking-at-bagel.jpg\\n\\n * 8\\n\\nPeople often need physical therapy to recover from a severe injury or shoulder\\nsurgery. You will need to remove your sling to complete your exercises. This\\nrehabilitation is vital to prevent joint stiffness and regain joint function.\\nYou will likely progress from simple range-of-motion exercises to\\nstrengthening exercises. Follow your therapist’s instructions for wearing your\\nsling.\\n\\n7\\\\. Stick With Your Physical Therapy\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ffd%2F92%2F06a1e383464c9f947d8e5841cd6a%2Fistock-000019024621-extrasmall.jpg\\n\\n * 9\\n\\nFor most shoulder slings, you can hand wash them and let them air dry. You can\\ndo this occasionally if it gets dirty or if you only use it for comfort. If\\nyou are wearing your sling continually, you may want to consider having two\\nslings. Have one to wear while the other dries.\\n\\n8\\\\. Keep Your Shoulder Sling Clean\\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Fd6%2F92%2F1d25006446d6b3cc32ca231897c7%2Fimage-\\ntap-water.jpg\\n\\nThumbnails Replay Slideshow\\n\\n1 of 10\\n\\n## Shoulder Slings\\n\\nYou may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling\\nhelps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or\\ncollarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others\\nwill wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it,\\nwearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical\\ntips for coping with your sling.\\n\\nWas this helpful? (55)\\n\\nMedically Reviewed By: William C. Lloyd III, MD, FACS | Last Review Date: Jun\\n16, 2014\\n\\n© 2016 Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be\\nreproduced or reprinted without permission from Healthgrades Operating\\nCompany, Inc. Use of this information is governed by the Healthgrades User\\nAgreement.\\n\\nView Sources\\n\\n#### Medical References\\n\\n 1. Instructions for Wearing Your Shoulder Immobilizer Brace. Johns Hopkins University. http://www.hopkinsortho.org/orthopedicsurgery/ShoulderImmobilizer.pdf.\\n 2. Postoperative Shoulder. National Association of Orthopedic Nurses. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=26&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CE0QFjAFOBQ&url=....\\n 3. Rotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options. American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406.\\n\\nADVERTISEMENT\\n\\n### You Might Also Like\\n\\n### Are You a Good Candidate for Rotator Cuff Surgery?\\n\\n### 7 Steps to a Successful Rotator Cuff Surgery\\n\\nView Slideshow\\n\\n### 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\\n\\nView Slideshow\\n\\n### Finding the Right Doctor for Rotator Cuff Surgery\\n\\n * Providers by Specialty\\n\\n * All Specialties\\n * Cardiologists\\n * Chiropractors\\n * Clinical Psychologists\\n * Counselors\\n * Dentists\\n * Dermatologist\\n * Ear, Nose & Throat\\n * Endocrinologists\\n * Family Practitioners\\n * Gastroenterologists\\n * General Surgeons\\n * Geriatricians\\n * Gynecologists & Obstetricians\\n * Hematologists\\n * Internists\\n * Nephrologists\\n * Neurologists\\n * Neurosurgeons\\n * Ophthalmologists\\n * Orthopedic Surgeons\\n * Pain Medicine\\n * Pediatricians\\n * Plastic Surgeons\\n * Psychiatrists\\n * Psychologists\\n * Rheumatologists\\n * Sports Medicine\\n * Urologists\\n * Hospital and Group Practices\\n\\n * Affiliated Hospitals\\n * Affiliated Physician\\n * Dialysis Centers\\n * Find a Dentist\\n * Find a Doctor\\n * Find a Hospital\\n * Group Practices\\n * Hospitals\\n * Search Provider by Name\\n * Procedures\\n\\n * Colonoscopy\\n * Dialysis\\n * Endoscopy\\n * Gastric Bypass\\n * Hormonal Therapy\\n * Hysterectomy\\n * Laparoscopy\\n * LASIK\\n * Liposuction\\n * Vasectomy\\n * View All Articles\\n * Conditions\\n\\n * View All Conditions\\n * View All Symptoms\\n * Health Guides\\n\\n * For Patients\\n\\n * Find the Right Doctor\\n * Find the Right Hospital\\n * Hospital Quality\\n * Quality & Transparency\\n * Our Health\\n * Right Diagnosis\\n * Sign Up\\n * Log In\\n * Review Doctors\\n * Health Guides\\n * Health Stories\\n * For Providers\\n\\n * Promote Your Practice\\n * FAQs\\n * Log In to Your Account\\n * For Partners\\n\\n * Healthgrades for Hospitals\\n * Hospital Client Log In\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Quality Use Guidelines\\n * About Us\\n\\n * Our Company\\n * Press Room\\n * Careers\\n * Site Map\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Advertising Policy\\n * HG Blog\\n * Regional Pocket Guides\\n\\nConnect With Us\\n\\n© Copyright Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. Patent US Nos. 7,752,060 and\\n8,719,052. All Rights Reserved. Third Party materials included herein\\nprotected under copyright law.\\n\\nUse of this website and any information contained herein is governed by the\\nHealthgrades User Agreement.\\n\\n#### PREVIOUS ARTICLE:\\n\\nRotator Cuff Surgery\\n\\n#### NEXT ARTICLE:\\n\\nTorn Rotator Cuff\\n\\n#### Up Next\\n\\nTorn Rotator Cuff\\n\\nfalse\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150912001919/http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Until now, I've happily spent much of my free time and energy arranging my apartment to please me visually and accommodate an active lifestyle of working at home and entertaining friends. But I now have a new and entirely different perspective on my home: that of a person convalescing after suffering a broken leg.\",\n \"On the Saturday before Christmas, nearly a foot of snow fell on Seattle. I spent the entire, wonderful day reading by the fire with my honey while the snow piled up around my house, weighing the bamboo down and clearing the view from our windows where we could see the sledding and the snowball fights.\",\n \"That night we decided to visit a friend who lives half a mile away. When we left a little later, we expected an uneventful, mostly downhill trek ending in our warm bed, but about a block from our friend's house, I slid and fell. Not a spectacular fall; more of a crumple-and-crouch that should have ended with me sitting in the snow laughing. Instead, I broke off the end of my tibia.\",\n \"After a perilous ambulance ride (at this point, I-5 was empty and not plowed, salted or sanded, with deep snowdrifts crossing it) to and treatment at the ER, I woke a friend at 4am in the morning to pick us (my husband and I) up and take us to my mom's house, which is much closer to the ER with fewer hills. And there I've been for the most part, ever since.\",\n \"The benefit of staying at my mom's house is, first and foremost, my mom is here. She prepares and brings my meals, brings my belongings with me from room to room when I need them, watches me climb and descend the stairs, and keeps me company. But I will have to return to my little apartment eventually, and I stayed there one night last week to see what I will need to make my space livable with far less support.\",\n \"Furniture arrangement. It was kind of sad to me to have to think about changing the way the furniture is arranged, since I worked so hard on it during the Fall Cure. But the truth of the matter is that I need wide walkways to the essential spots — the couch, kitchen, bathroom and bedroom — even if this means \\\"bowling alley effect,\\\" pushing furniture against the walls, and losing some functional areas. My hard-won desk and dining areas are two such casualties. Also, my open living room arrangement used to see the lounge chairs at an angle to the couch; I changed this to make the chairs square to it, since a grid is much easier to navigate with crutches. A coffee table that's sturdy enough to elevate my leg on is essential.\",\n \"Throw rugs. Light weight throw rugs, even with non-skid liners underneath them, present a tripping hazard with crutches. I asked my husband to remove the one we had by the front door. Even the bath mat has to go, since I'd have to walk over it to get to the bathroom. We left the big rug in the living room since it's heavy and held down by heavy furniture, so it won't move around.\",\n \"Everyday items. When I broke my leg, I lost the use of not just one limb, but three, in a way, since walking with crutches takes the use of my arms as well. That makes carrying anything a matter of careful planning and accessories, like a backpack or over the shoulder bag. I put everyday items where I actually use them, instead of where they've been cleverly or aesthetically stored.\",\n \"Stairs. My mom's house has stairs up to the bedrooms, and since I've broken my leg, I've fallen down them twice. It's a tricky thing to learn how to maneuver crutches on stairs, especially going down, and it's never as safe as with two healthy legs. My apartment is a single story, but getting up to it involves a very slippery wooden staircase. If I need to leave my house for any reason, I'll have to call someone to help me.\",\n \"Pets. Our cat is now in my husband's sole care, and if I lived by myself I would have arranged for someone to take care of the pets, just as if I was on vacation and not home at all.\",\n \"Bathing. Slippery surfaces + one nonfunctional leg that can't get wet = a challenge. There are a lot of resources on the web (like this one) for stools, chairs and railings that make bathing less of a hazard, but so far I've made do with a lightweight chair that I drag next to the bathtub to rest my leg on while I take a bath, and to ease the transition from laying, to sitting, to standing.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg | Apartment Therapy\\n\\nApartment Therapy Apartment Therapy Toggle menu\\n\\n * Follow us on Facebook\\n * Follow us on Pinterest\\n * Follow us on Twitter\\n * Follow us on Instagram\\n * Follow us on Tumblr\\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\\n * More ways to follow\\n\\n# AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg\\n\\nPin it\\n\\nUntil now, I've happily spent much of my free time and energy arranging my\\napartment to please me visually and accommodate an active lifestyle of working\\nat home and entertaining friends. But I now have a new and entirely different\\nperspective on my home: that of a person convalescing after suffering a broken\\nleg.\\n\\nOn the Saturday before Christmas, nearly a foot of snow fell on Seattle. I\\nspent the entire, wonderful day reading by the fire with my honey while the\\nsnow piled up around my house, weighing the bamboo down and clearing the view\\nfrom our windows where we could see the sledding and the snowball fights.\\n\\nThat night we decided to visit a friend who lives half a mile away. When we\\nleft a little later, we expected an uneventful, mostly downhill trek ending in\\nour warm bed, but about a block from our friend's house, I slid and fell. Not\\na spectacular fall; more of a crumple-and-crouch that should have ended with\\nme sitting in the snow laughing. Instead, I broke off the end of my tibia.\\n\\nAfter a perilous ambulance ride (at this point, I-5 was empty and not plowed,\\nsalted or sanded, with deep snowdrifts crossing it) to and treatment at the\\nER, I woke a friend at 4am in the morning to pick us (my husband and I) up and\\ntake us to my mom's house, which is much closer to the ER with fewer hills.\\nAnd there I've been for the most part, ever since.\\n\\nThe benefit of staying at my mom's house is, first and foremost, my mom is\\nhere. She prepares and brings my meals, brings my belongings with me from room\\nto room when I need them, watches me climb and descend the stairs, and keeps\\nme company. But I will have to return to my little apartment eventually, and I\\nstayed there one night last week to see what I will need to make my space\\nlivable with far less support.\\n\\nHere's what I've come up with so far:\\n\\nFurniture arrangement. It was kind of sad to me to have to think about\\nchanging the way the furniture is arranged, since I worked so hard on it\\nduring the Fall Cure. But the truth of the matter is that I need wide walkways\\nto the essential spots — the couch, kitchen, bathroom and bedroom — even if\\nthis means \\\"bowling alley effect,\\\" pushing furniture against the walls, and\\nlosing some functional areas. My hard-won desk and dining areas are two such\\ncasualties. Also, my open living room arrangement used to see the lounge\\nchairs at an angle to the couch; I changed this to make the chairs square to\\nit, since a grid is much easier to navigate with crutches. A coffee table\\nthat's sturdy enough to elevate my leg on is essential.\\n\\nThrow rugs. Light weight throw rugs, even with non-skid liners underneath\\nthem, present a tripping hazard with crutches. I asked my husband to remove\\nthe one we had by the front door. Even the bath mat has to go, since I'd have\\nto walk over it to get to the bathroom. We left the big rug in the living room\\nsince it's heavy and held down by heavy furniture, so it won't move around.\\n\\nEveryday items. When I broke my leg, I lost the use of not just one limb, but\\nthree, in a way, since walking with crutches takes the use of my arms as well.\\nThat makes carrying anything a matter of careful planning and accessories,\\nlike a backpack or over the shoulder bag. I put everyday items where I\\nactually use them, instead of where they've been cleverly or aesthetically\\nstored.\\n\\nStairs. My mom's house has stairs up to the bedrooms, and since I've broken my\\nleg, I've fallen down them twice. It's a tricky thing to learn how to maneuver\\ncrutches on stairs, especially going down, and it's never as safe as with two\\nhealthy legs. My apartment is a single story, but getting up to it involves a\\nvery slippery wooden staircase. If I need to leave my house for any reason,\\nI'll have to call someone to help me.\\n\\nPets. Our cat is now in my husband's sole care, and if I lived by myself I\\nwould have arranged for someone to take care of the pets, just as if I was on\\nvacation and not home at all.\\n\\nBathing. Slippery surfaces + one nonfunctional leg that can't get wet = a\\nchallenge. There are a lot of resources on the web (like this one) for stools,\\nchairs and railings that make bathing less of a hazard, but so far I've made\\ndo with a lightweight chair that I drag next to the bathtub to rest my leg on\\nwhile I take a bath, and to ease the transition from laying, to sitting, to\\nstanding.\\n\\nImage: net_efekt\\n\\nPromoted Stories\\n\\nMore from Apartment Therapy\\n\\nCategories\\n\\nHealthy Living, Organizing\\n\\n * 01.05.09 4:15PM\\n * Danielle Henderson\\n\\nPin it Share on Facebook Share on Twitter\\n\\nMaxwell’s Daily Find\\n\\n 1. Modern Round Dining Tables: West Elm, Tom Dixon, IKEA, & More\\n 2. Stylish & Illuminating: The Best Task and Desk Lamps\\n 3. Best Cutlery: West Elm, IKEA, Gorham, J.A. Henckels & 4 More\\n\\nSee more\\n\\nSubmit a Story\\n\\nGot a tip, home tour, or other story our readers should see?\\n\\nTell us about it!\\n\\nRead Our Books\\n\\nComplete + Happy Home (2015)\\n\\nThe Kitchn Cookbook (2014)\\n\\nGood Food to Share (2010)\\n\\nThe Big Book of Small, Cool Spaces (2010)\\n\\nApartment Therapy Presents (2008)\\n\\nThe Eight-Step Home Cure (2006)\\n\\nJoin our email list\\n\\nAdvertise With Us\\n\\n * About Apartment Therapy\\n * Contact Us\\n * Follow Us\\n * Press\\n * Legal\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Comment Policy\\n * Our Team\\n * Sponsored Posts\\n * Site Map\\n\\n * Follow us on Facebook\\n * Follow us on Pinterest\\n * Follow us on Twitter\\n * Follow us on Instagram\\n * Follow us on Tumblr\\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\\n * More ways to follow\\n\\nsaving the world, one room at a time\\n\\n© 2015 Apartment Therapy\\n\\nClose menu\\n\\n * Follow us on Facebook\\n * Follow us on Pinterest\\n * Follow us on Twitter\\n * Follow us on Instagram\\n * Follow us on Tumblr\\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\\n * More ways to follow\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180131203819/https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to cope after breaking your dominant arm - broken recovery\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I broke my dominant arm on Sunday, and I'd like some tips for how to cope with the recovery process.\",\n \"I broke both bones in my forearm, had a plate installed, and I've been told that I'll be in a cast for 10 weeks. What can I do to lessen the pain and inconvenience aside from elevating the arm and taking pain meds? Can I take my sling into the shower? Any naturopathic treatments I can do?\",\n \"Also, I make my living working on the computer and typing with my left hand isn't very speedy. Would I be able to use a software product like Dragon Naturally Speaking with terminal software like PuTTY?\",\n \"Naturopathic approach: there's not a whole lot you can do, but some particular homeopathic remedies may help the healing process.\",\n \"Any of these can be found at your local health food store, and you're welcome to email me with questions/guidelines for taking remedies. posted by Specklet at 5:04 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\",\n \"No matter what the OS you have, chances are you have some variation of 'StickyKeys', which lets you type key chord combinations (like Ctrl+v) sequentially, rather than simultaneously. It really helps with the one-handed typing.\",\n \"It's under the Accessibility' features of your OS. It takes a little bit to get used to, but eventually will become second nature. posted by spinifex23 at 5:25 PM on January 25, 2005\",\n \"Welcome to the world of being one handed! I only have full functioning use of one hand, so I think if I was ever put in your position, I'd be screwed. :) I have no information specific to your case, but rather a few helpful tips on making life easier one-handed.\",\n \"I wouldn't suggest bringing your sling into the shower, as the one's I have seen tend to not dry out quickly, and also smell. My suggestion? Wrap your cast in garbage bags and then duct tape it tightly around the edges to ensure the cast doesn't get any water on it. Better yet, take a tea towel (or any cotton bath cloth) and use that underneath the garbage bags to prevent water from hitting your cast. Casts can rot/crumble if exposed to water. I've also made temporary slings out of garbage bags in place of my sling for the showers.\",\n \"One handed shoe tying. I don't use this method, but I was taught how to do it, and it's quite easy.\",\n \"I've used Dragon Naturally Speaking, and unless you've used it for an extended period of time, it can be clumsy to deal with for the beginner. Some programs don't work well with it either, but if you're a good typist - maybe I can suggest a link to One-handed typing? I have used the HalfQwerty technique, but I prefer the method I use now. This might or might not work well for you. Place your four fingers on the \\\"home keys\\\" (f,g,h,j) and your thumb on the spacebar. I've learned to touch-type this way by moving my fingers around the keyboard but when at rest, go back to the home keys.\",\n \"These are just a few of the ideas I've used in my life, but if you need anything else, my email is in my profile. Hope you have a speedy recovery! posted by carabiner at 5:36 PM on January 25, 2005\",\n \"Frogpad. It won't be that fast, but if you're a programmer you might find some elegant ways to speed up your typing (with programmable putty / emacs commands and such). And besides, then you'll have a blue tooth or USB keyboard that's really small. Which is bound to come in handy (npi) later on, when you're all better. posted by zpousman at 6:51 PM on January 25, 2005\",\n \"Take the pain meds as directed. Put several plastic bags over your splint/cast (don't know which you have). Better to just take a bath and not risk getting your splint/cast wet. If it gets wet, you have a higher risk for infection because of the moisture. Especially bad since you have metal implants. BTW, whenever you go to surgery from now on, make sure you tell the nurses you have metal in your arm. This comes in handy since we use a grounding pad, and need to avoid placing over metal. (Not that we usually ground over the lower arm anyway, but always good to know.) Invest in cheap velcro shoes. Find a really good friend to help dress you--especially fun if you are in a relationship! Plenty of rest. Be careful on the homeopathic stuff, check with your doctor's office first. You could have adverse interactions with the medications you are on. Make sure you diet has adequate calcium and vitamin D, (read--drink your milk!). posted by 6:1 at 7:12 PM on January 25, 2005\",\n \"Damn cmonkey, I am sorry to hear that. When I broke my non-dominant arm, it was a hassle enough, I wish you a speedy recovery. I had a friend who recently severed a tendon in a finger on his dominant hand and found that it was easier to teach himself one-handed touch typing than it was to futz with speech recognition software. Once your dominant arm isn't in too much pain, you can consider using one of those little trackball ring things [pictures upper right on that page] to get some use out of your broken arm.\",\n \"With my sling, I couldn't take it into the shower. I had to wrap the whole mess in a plastic bag sealed in tape which was a hassle especially when it was still sore. I found that it was almost as easy to do a lower-tech waterproofing job and take baths and scrub off with my free hand. I would also strongly recommend either getting someone to wash your hair/shave you, or spending some money and getting your hair washed outside of the house once a week or so. It's worth the money to feel clean and it is hard to wash your hair well with one hand.\",\n \"As you've probably already learned, troublespots are in areas like zippers, shoe-typing and shirt buttoning. Start making wardrobe choices that will see you through your one-armedness. For me the big secret to pain-alleviation was getting my sling adjusted right, strapped pretty close to me so there was less risk of bumping it on things, sleeping with a LOT of pillows around my arm to lessen accidental bumps, and taking painkillers [and/or meditating and just generally relaxing] right before bed. Remember that ibuprofen is good for swelling/inflammation as well as pain, so it's worth taking even if you're not really hurting.\",\n \"Lastly, just having a constant injury will be stressful and as a result will be taxing on you. Even if you don't feel it now, give yourself a little more leeway and wiggle room with your schedule, your expectations of yourself and just your overall mood. posted by jessamyn at 7:23 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\",\n \"Get off the pain meds as soon as you can, but don't do it cold turkey. I spent one of the worst weeks of my life last year when I decided to stop taking the Vicodin/Percocet I had been taking every day for over two months. We're talking sleeplessness, restlessness, loss of control over bodily functions, headache, depression, nausea, the works. If you're on pain meds, come off them slowly. Whenever possible, deal with a little pain and forego the meds. You'll save yourself exponential amounts of misery later.\",\n \"I took baths instead of showers and was able to get away without covering my arm in plastic. That said, some devices are okay to get wet. After my doctor decided a cast wasn't going to fix my badly broken wrist, I had surgery to install an external fixator, which I was even allowed to take into a public pool unprotected. Follow your doctor's advice on that one, chances are: don't get it wet.\",\n \"On that note: make sure to keep an umbrella on you in case of rain. Keep the snow off of it and out of it. Cast rot stinks and can lead to some very nasty infections and fungal funkiness. Screw halitosis: no one will want to be near you with a rotting cast.\",\n \"If you get itchy, be careful sticking things into a cast to itch your arm. They may get stuck, and you might need an emergency visit to have the cast removed and replaced. Then again, maybe that only happens to my youngest brother. Still, you might find that you've shifted around the cotton padding in there so much that you've cut off circulation to your hand, so again: be careful.\",\n \"Above all, keep a good sense of humor, and keep a camera handy for when the cast comes off a final time. Your arm will no longer look like your arm (but it will return to normal eventually).\",\n \"You might find out when it's all over that you don't end up reverting to the same two-handed methods you used before your injury. I found that putting my contacts in with one hand ended up being far more efficient than the two- handed method I used before. posted by quasistoic at 7:24 PM on January 25, 2005\",\n \"Start stretching your remaining forearm many times throughout the day. Spread all your fingers, wiggle everything around, clench your fist, repeat.\",\n \"That arm / hand isn't used to the load, so you don't want to wear it out. posted by icey at 8:22 PM on January 25, 2005\",\n \"But you recover faster and lose less....if you've been training the good side of your body. posted by filmgeek at 8:31 PM on January 25, 2005\",\n \"I broke my right forearm in the same exact way, back in 2001. Unfortunately, I don't have any great advice for coping with the one-armed life, since at the same time, I also broke (more like pulverized) my left wrist.\",\n \"What I can tell you is that the recovery time on the right arm was much faster than the left; I was feeling much better by the third week. Also, I didn't have to do any physical therapy for the right arm. It pretty much just popped out of the cast and went right back to work. In the interim, I tried to use Naturally Speaking, but since I write technical documentation, I found the training exercises to be a bit slow, especially when industry-specific terminology was involved. I did much better with a split keyboard. Many of the ergonomic office supply websites have them, and I found that having the keys in a tilted position let me at least somewhat imitate actual typing... posted by lilboo at 8:35 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\",\n \"I'm not strongly right-handed, but still had some difficulties when I broke my right hand. Everything took a lot longer, and I got really frustrated with that before I decided I just didn't want to be frustrated.\",\n \"Within a couple weeks, I got pretty fast typing one handed. I still mouse left-handed, since that alleviates my RSI, but it took a lot of Solitaire playing to get it down. Washing long hair one handed was very difficult - I never did get the hang of getting all the soap on the right side of my head out.\",\n \"Cooking was interesting. Anything involving a lot of sharp knife work was out. I had to use a colander a lot more, rather than my usual (use the lid or a spoon to hold the good stuff back). I ended up doing a lot of bean stews (and chasing carrot pieces around the kitchen).\",\n \"Driving my car was out - I had to rent an automatic for 3 months. I really hope you don't have that issue.\",\n \"Basically, I found I had to slow down (especially when I started to think I had something down), think tasks through before hand to find where the problem spots were and generally take my time with things. And remember to laugh. posted by QIbHom at 10:49 AM on January 26, 2005\",\n \"I've decided to keep my painkiller ingestion limited to helping me sleep, I'm using tumeric and symphytum to keep the swelling down and bones growing, tying my shoes with that nifty one handed technique and getting a Frogpad as soon as I can.\",\n \"Randomly getting a pump in one arm? April 9, 2014 What can I do for exercise with a broken leg? January 19, 2011 Please help me wake up my iPhone. January 20, 2010 my dominant hand is no longer dominant. help! May 27, 2008 Pain in arm from sneezing July 26, 2006\",\n \"Ask MetaFilter is a question and answer site that covers nearly any question on earth, where members help each other solve problems. Ask MetaFilter is where thousands of life's little questions are answered.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to cope after breaking your dominant arm - broken recovery | Ask\\nMetaFilter\\n\\n# Ask MetaFilter\\n\\nquerying the hive mind\\n\\n# How to cope after breaking your dominant arm January 25, 2005 4:38 PM\\nSubscribe\\n\\nI broke my dominant arm on Sunday, and I'd like some tips for how to cope with\\nthe recovery process.\\n\\nI broke both bones in my forearm, had a plate installed, and I've been told\\nthat I'll be in a cast for 10 weeks. What can I do to lessen the pain and\\ninconvenience aside from elevating the arm and taking pain meds? Can I take my\\nsling into the shower? Any naturopathic treatments I can do?\\n\\nAlso, I make my living working on the computer and typing with my left hand\\nisn't very speedy. Would I be able to use a software product like Dragon\\nNaturally Speaking with terminal software like PuTTY?\\n\\nposted by cmonkey to Health & Fitness (12 answers total) 1 user marked this as\\na favorite\\n\\nNaturopathic approach: there's not a whole lot you can do, but some particular\\nhomeopathic remedies may help the healing process.\\n\\nAny of these can be found at your local health food store, and you're welcome\\nto email me with questions/guidelines for taking remedies. posted by Specklet\\nat 5:04 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\\n\\nNo matter what the OS you have, chances are you have some variation of\\n'StickyKeys', which lets you type key chord combinations (like Ctrl+v)\\nsequentially, rather than simultaneously. It really helps with the one-handed\\ntyping.\\n\\nIt's under the Accessibility' features of your OS. It takes a little bit to\\nget used to, but eventually will become second nature. posted by spinifex23 at\\n5:25 PM on January 25, 2005\\n\\nWelcome to the world of being one handed! I only have full functioning use of\\none hand, so I think if I was ever put in your position, I'd be screwed. :) I\\nhave no information specific to your case, but rather a few helpful tips on\\nmaking life easier one-handed.\\n\\nI wouldn't suggest bringing your sling into the shower, as the one's I have\\nseen tend to not dry out quickly, and also smell. My suggestion? Wrap your\\ncast in garbage bags and then duct tape it tightly around the edges to ensure\\nthe cast doesn't get any water on it. Better yet, take a tea towel (or any\\ncotton bath cloth) and use that underneath the garbage bags to prevent water\\nfrom hitting your cast. Casts can rot/crumble if exposed to water. I've also\\nmade temporary slings out of garbage bags in place of my sling for the\\nshowers.\\n\\nOne handed shoe tying. I don't use this method, but I was taught how to do it,\\nand it's quite easy.\\n\\nI've used Dragon Naturally Speaking, and unless you've used it for an extended\\nperiod of time, it can be clumsy to deal with for the beginner. Some programs\\ndon't work well with it either, but if you're a good typist - maybe I can\\nsuggest a link to One-handed typing? I have used the HalfQwerty technique, but\\nI prefer the method I use now. This might or might not work well for you.\\nPlace your four fingers on the \\\"home keys\\\" (f,g,h,j) and your thumb on the\\nspacebar. I've learned to touch-type this way by moving my fingers around the\\nkeyboard but when at rest, go back to the home keys.\\n\\nThese are just a few of the ideas I've used in my life, but if you need\\nanything else, my email is in my profile. Hope you have a speedy recovery!\\nposted by carabiner at 5:36 PM on January 25, 2005\\n\\nFrogpad. It won't be that fast, but if you're a programmer you might find some\\nelegant ways to speed up your typing (with programmable putty / emacs commands\\nand such). And besides, then you'll have a blue tooth or USB keyboard that's\\nreally small. Which is bound to come in handy (npi) later on, when you're all\\nbetter. posted by zpousman at 6:51 PM on January 25, 2005\\n\\nTake the pain meds as directed. Put several plastic bags over your splint/cast\\n(don't know which you have). Better to just take a bath and not risk getting\\nyour splint/cast wet. If it gets wet, you have a higher risk for infection\\nbecause of the moisture. Especially bad since you have metal implants. BTW,\\nwhenever you go to surgery from now on, make sure you tell the nurses you have\\nmetal in your arm. This comes in handy since we use a grounding pad, and need\\nto avoid placing over metal. (Not that we usually ground over the lower arm\\nanyway, but always good to know.) Invest in cheap velcro shoes. Find a really\\ngood friend to help dress you--especially fun if you are in a relationship!\\nPlenty of rest. Be careful on the homeopathic stuff, check with your doctor's\\noffice first. You could have adverse interactions with the medications you are\\non. Make sure you diet has adequate calcium and vitamin D, (read--drink your\\nmilk!). posted by 6:1 at 7:12 PM on January 25, 2005\\n\\nDamn cmonkey, I am sorry to hear that. When I broke my non-dominant arm, it\\nwas a hassle enough, I wish you a speedy recovery. I had a friend who recently\\nsevered a tendon in a finger on his dominant hand and found that it was easier\\nto teach himself one-handed touch typing than it was to futz with speech\\nrecognition software. Once your dominant arm isn't in too much pain, you can\\nconsider using one of those little trackball ring things [pictures upper right\\non that page] to get some use out of your broken arm.\\n\\nWith my sling, I couldn't take it into the shower. I had to wrap the whole\\nmess in a plastic bag sealed in tape which was a hassle especially when it was\\nstill sore. I found that it was almost as easy to do a lower-tech\\nwaterproofing job and take baths and scrub off with my free hand. I would also\\nstrongly recommend either getting someone to wash your hair/shave you, or\\nspending some money and getting your hair washed outside of the house once a\\nweek or so. It's worth the money to feel clean and it is hard to wash your\\nhair well with one hand.\\n\\nAs you've probably already learned, troublespots are in areas like zippers,\\nshoe-typing and shirt buttoning. Start making wardrobe choices that will see\\nyou through your one-armedness. For me the big secret to pain-alleviation was\\ngetting my sling adjusted right, strapped pretty close to me so there was less\\nrisk of bumping it on things, sleeping with a LOT of pillows around my arm to\\nlessen accidental bumps, and taking painkillers [and/or meditating and just\\ngenerally relaxing] right before bed. Remember that ibuprofen is good for\\nswelling/inflammation as well as pain, so it's worth taking even if you're not\\nreally hurting.\\n\\nLastly, just having a constant injury will be stressful and as a result will\\nbe taxing on you. Even if you don't feel it now, give yourself a little more\\nleeway and wiggle room with your schedule, your expectations of yourself and\\njust your overall mood. posted by jessamyn at 7:23 PM on January 25, 2005 [1\\nfavorite]\\n\\nGet off the pain meds as soon as you can, but don't do it cold turkey. I spent\\none of the worst weeks of my life last year when I decided to stop taking the\\nVicodin/Percocet I had been taking every day for over two months. We're\\ntalking sleeplessness, restlessness, loss of control over bodily functions,\\nheadache, depression, nausea, the works. If you're on pain meds, come off them\\nslowly. Whenever possible, deal with a little pain and forego the meds. You'll\\nsave yourself exponential amounts of misery later.\\n\\nMaybe look into those homeopathic remedies.\\n\\nI took baths instead of showers and was able to get away without covering my\\narm in plastic. That said, some devices are okay to get wet. After my doctor\\ndecided a cast wasn't going to fix my badly broken wrist, I had surgery to\\ninstall an external fixator, which I was even allowed to take into a public\\npool unprotected. Follow your doctor's advice on that one, chances are: don't\\nget it wet.\\n\\nOn that note: make sure to keep an umbrella on you in case of rain. Keep the\\nsnow off of it and out of it. Cast rot stinks and can lead to some very nasty\\ninfections and fungal funkiness. Screw halitosis: no one will want to be near\\nyou with a rotting cast.\\n\\nIf you get itchy, be careful sticking things into a cast to itch your arm.\\nThey may get stuck, and you might need an emergency visit to have the cast\\nremoved and replaced. Then again, maybe that only happens to my youngest\\nbrother. Still, you might find that you've shifted around the cotton padding\\nin there so much that you've cut off circulation to your hand, so again: be\\ncareful.\\n\\nAbove all, keep a good sense of humor, and keep a camera handy for when the\\ncast comes off a final time. Your arm will no longer look like your arm (but\\nit will return to normal eventually).\\n\\nYou might find out when it's all over that you don't end up reverting to the\\nsame two-handed methods you used before your injury. I found that putting my\\ncontacts in with one hand ended up being far more efficient than the two-\\nhanded method I used before. posted by quasistoic at 7:24 PM on January 25,\\n2005\\n\\nStart stretching your remaining forearm many times throughout the day. Spread\\nall your fingers, wiggle everything around, clench your fist, repeat.\\n\\nThat arm / hand isn't used to the load, so you don't want to wear it out.\\nposted by icey at 8:22 PM on January 25, 2005\\n\\nSomething odd, but absolutely true. Lift weights with your opposite hand.\\nWrist curls, bicep curls, 2-3x a week.\\n\\nWhen your arm gets out of the cast, you'll find that it's atrophied (shrunk)\\nquite a bit.\\n\\nBut you recover faster and lose less....if you've been training the good side\\nof your body. posted by filmgeek at 8:31 PM on January 25, 2005\\n\\nI broke my right forearm in the same exact way, back in 2001. Unfortunately, I\\ndon't have any great advice for coping with the one-armed life, since at the\\nsame time, I also broke (more like pulverized) my left wrist.\\n\\nWhat I can tell you is that the recovery time on the right arm was much faster\\nthan the left; I was feeling much better by the third week. Also, I didn't\\nhave to do any physical therapy for the right arm. It pretty much just popped\\nout of the cast and went right back to work. In the interim, I tried to use\\nNaturally Speaking, but since I write technical documentation, I found the\\ntraining exercises to be a bit slow, especially when industry-specific\\nterminology was involved. I did much better with a split keyboard. Many of the\\nergonomic office supply websites have them, and I found that having the keys\\nin a tilted position let me at least somewhat imitate actual typing... posted\\nby lilboo at 8:35 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\\n\\nI'm not strongly right-handed, but still had some difficulties when I broke my\\nright hand. Everything took a lot longer, and I got really frustrated with\\nthat before I decided I just didn't want to be frustrated.\\n\\nWithin a couple weeks, I got pretty fast typing one handed. I still mouse\\nleft-handed, since that alleviates my RSI, but it took a lot of Solitaire\\nplaying to get it down. Washing long hair one handed was very difficult - I\\nnever did get the hang of getting all the soap on the right side of my head\\nout.\\n\\nCooking was interesting. Anything involving a lot of sharp knife work was out.\\nI had to use a colander a lot more, rather than my usual (use the lid or a\\nspoon to hold the good stuff back). I ended up doing a lot of bean stews (and\\nchasing carrot pieces around the kitchen).\\n\\nDriving my car was out - I had to rent an automatic for 3 months. I really\\nhope you don't have that issue.\\n\\nBasically, I found I had to slow down (especially when I started to think I\\nhad something down), think tasks through before hand to find where the problem\\nspots were and generally take my time with things. And remember to laugh.\\nposted by QIbHom at 10:49 AM on January 26, 2005\\n\\nI've decided to keep my painkiller ingestion limited to helping me sleep, I'm\\nusing tumeric and symphytum to keep the swelling down and bones growing, tying\\nmy shoes with that nifty one handed technique and getting a Frogpad as soon as\\nI can.\\n\\nThanks for all the help! posted by cmonkey at 8:31 PM on January 26, 2005\\n\\n« Older Help locating Vigenère cypher decoder | Threesome etiquette Newer »\\n\\nThis thread is closed to new comments.\\n\\nRelated Questions\\n\\nRandomly getting a pump in one arm? April 9, 2014 What can I do for exercise\\nwith a broken leg? January 19, 2011 Please help me wake up my iPhone. January\\n20, 2010 my dominant hand is no longer dominant. help! May 27, 2008 Pain in\\narm from sneezing July 26, 2006\\n\\n## Tags\\n\\nbroken\\n\\narm\\n\\nrecovery\\n\\n## Share\\n\\nTwitter Facebook\\n\\n## About Ask MetaFilter\\n\\nAsk MetaFilter is a question and answer site that covers nearly any question\\non earth, where members help each other solve problems. Ask MetaFilter is\\nwhere thousands of life's little questions are answered.\\n\\n## Sites\\n\\n * MetaFilter\\n * AskMeFi\\n * FanFare\\n * Projects\\n * Music\\n * Jobs\\n * IRL\\n * MetaTalk\\n * Best Of\\n * Podcast\\n\\n## Links\\n\\n * Home\\n * FAQ\\n * About\\n * Archives\\n * Tags\\n * Popular\\n * Random\\n * Wiki\\n * Search\\n * Chat\\n * Labs\\n\\n## Members\\n\\n * Sign Up\\n * Log In\\n\\n## Fund MetaFilter\\n\\nJoin 4,607 readers in helping fund MetaFilter\\n\\n## Contact Us\\n\\n© 1999–2018 MetaFilter Network Inc.\\n\\nAll posts copyright their original authors.\\n\\nClassic Theme.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.todaysparent.com:80/blogs/run-at-home-mom/my-sons-first-broken-bone/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160721111702/http://www.todaysparent.com:80/blogs/run-at-home-mom/my-sons-first-broken-bone/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How I handled my son’s first broken bone\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Follow along as Jennifer Pinarski shares her experiences about giving up her big city job and lifestyle to live in rural Ontario with her husband, while staying home to raise their two young children.\",\n \"Last month, my six-year-old son fractured his pinky finger while on a school trip. I’m told that, for the most part, broken fingers are not a big deal — and since children’s bones heal so quickly, they are rarely set and cast by a doctor. However, in the case of Isaac’s injury — he corkscrewed down a slide — he fractured it in such a way that letting it heal on its own would mean that he’d lose proper function of his finger. On the afternoon we left the hospital ER with little more than a splint on my son’s finger, the two of us were in tears — him because he thought his summer was ruined and me because I couldn’t tell him with 100 percent certainty that everything would be OK.\",\n \"However, after pressuring the hospital’s patient relations department and getting the nerve and hand specialist’s direct telephone number, I was able to move my son’s consult from four weeks away to just seven days from the time it was first injured. And it was a good thing, too — if it had taken any longer surgeons would have had to cut open his hand and wire the bones together properly. On the downside, because Isaac’s bone wasn’t set properly in the ER, what should have only been two weeks in a splint now means six weeks in a cast.\",\n \"It was a frustrating few days of phone calls to specialists while reassuring Isaac that he could still have fun on summer vacation. Here are the valuable lessons I’ve learned from our family’s first experience with a broken bone.\",\n \"1. Trust your gut: I knew that something was messed up about Isaac’s hand and immediately went into Mama Bear mode until I got answers that made me happy.\",\n \"2. Ask for help: In my case, I reached out to Twitter and Facebook to ask other moms for advice on how to speed up the consult process. Mara Shapiro, you rock.\",\n \"3. Apologize and thank everyone: Our family doctor took the brunt of my frustration and it was important to me to call him back to not only thank him for his support, but to apologize for being a little too bearish. The hand specialist we are seeing and the orthos at the cast clinic have been helpful and patient with all of my questions.\",\n \"4. Pay extra for a fibreglass cast: At two weeks post-injury, Isaac’s plaster half-cast was changed to a full cast. We had the option of choosing either a free plaster cast or to pay extra for a fibreglass cast. We opted to pay $45 for a fibreglass cast. While not waterproof, it is lighter and more durable than a plaster cast.\",\n \"5. Make having a cast fun: I think my son is an exception in that he hates his cast and the attention it brings him. The day before a scheduled pool party, he was in tears because he didn’t want to have a black garbage bag and duct tape wrapped around his arm since he thought people would make fun of him. We bought colourful Sharpie markers to decorate his cast with, and clear plastic bags and patterned duct tape to protect his cast when he plays in water.\",\n \"6. Don’t expect broken bones to slow a kid down: I thought my active-yet- cautious son would spend his recovery time reading and drawing pictures, but I was wrong. He’s still riding his bike, building forts, playing in splash pads and even teaching himself how to skateboard. I’m by no means a Helicopter Parent, but I have to remind myself that he’s an active boy and his injury is now very well protected.\",\n \"We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account.\",\n \"By clicking \\\"Create Account\\\", I confirm that I have read and understood each of the website terms of service and privacy policy and that I agree to be bound by them.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How I handled my son's first broken bone - Today's Parent\\n\\nAn important message about a possible Canada Post Labour Disruption. Learn\\nMore ×\\n\\nSign In\\n\\n * Account\\n * Sign Out\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nSign In\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nFollow Us\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nPinterest Pin It\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nInstagram (follow only)\\n\\n * Home\\n * Blogs\\n * Run-at-home mom\\n * How I handled my son's first broken bone\\n\\n# How I handled my son’s first broken bone\\n\\n##\\n\\nJennifer Pinarski shares how she handled her son’s first broken bone.\\n\\n#####\\n\\nJul 15, 2013\\n\\nJennifer Pinarski 1\\n\\nDespite his arm cast, Isaac stays active. Photo: Jennifer Pinarski.\\n\\nFollow along as Jennifer Pinarski shares her experiences about giving up her\\nbig city job and lifestyle to live in rural Ontario with her husband, while\\nstaying home to raise their two young children.\\n\\nLast month, my six-year-old son fractured his pinky finger while on a school\\ntrip. I’m told that, for the most part, broken fingers are not a big deal —\\nand since children’s bones heal so quickly, they are rarely set and cast by a\\ndoctor. However, in the case of Isaac’s injury — he corkscrewed down a slide —\\nhe fractured it in such a way that letting it heal on its own would mean that\\nhe’d lose proper function of his finger. On the afternoon we left the hospital\\nER with little more than a splint on my son’s finger, the two of us were in\\ntears — him because he thought his summer was ruined and me because I couldn’t\\ntell him with 100 percent certainty that everything would be OK.\\n\\nHowever, after pressuring the hospital’s patient relations department and\\ngetting the nerve and hand specialist’s direct telephone number, I was able to\\nmove my son’s consult from four weeks away to just seven days from the time it\\nwas first injured. And it was a good thing, too — if it had taken any longer\\nsurgeons would have had to cut open his hand and wire the bones together\\nproperly. On the downside, because Isaac’s bone wasn’t set properly in the ER,\\nwhat should have only been two weeks in a splint now means six weeks in a\\ncast.\\n\\nIt was a frustrating few days of phone calls to specialists while reassuring\\nIsaac that he could still have fun on summer vacation. Here are the valuable\\nlessons I’ve learned from our family’s first experience with a broken bone.\\n\\n1\\\\. Trust your gut: I knew that something was messed up about Isaac’s hand and\\nimmediately went into Mama Bear mode until I got answers that made me happy.\\n\\n2\\\\. Ask for help: In my case, I reached out to Twitter and Facebook to ask\\nother moms for advice on how to speed up the consult process. Mara Shapiro,\\nyou rock.\\n\\n3\\\\. Apologize and thank everyone: Our family doctor took the brunt of my\\nfrustration and it was important to me to call him back to not only thank him\\nfor his support, but to apologize for being a little too bearish. The hand\\nspecialist we are seeing and the orthos at the cast clinic have been helpful\\nand patient with all of my questions.\\n\\n4\\\\. Pay extra for a fibreglass cast: At two weeks post-injury, Isaac’s plaster\\nhalf-cast was changed to a full cast. We had the option of choosing either a\\nfree plaster cast or to pay extra for a fibreglass cast. We opted to pay $45\\nfor a fibreglass cast. While not waterproof, it is lighter and more durable\\nthan a plaster cast.\\n\\n5\\\\. Make having a cast fun: I think my son is an exception in that he hates\\nhis cast and the attention it brings him. The day before a scheduled pool\\nparty, he was in tears because he didn’t want to have a black garbage bag and\\nduct tape wrapped around his arm since he thought people would make fun of\\nhim. We bought colourful Sharpie markers to decorate his cast with, and clear\\nplastic bags and patterned duct tape to protect his cast when he plays in\\nwater.\\n\\n6\\\\. Don’t expect broken bones to slow a kid down: I thought my active-yet-\\ncautious son would spend his recovery time reading and drawing pictures, but I\\nwas wrong. He’s still riding his bike, building forts, playing in splash pads\\nand even teaching himself how to skateboard. I’m by no means a Helicopter\\nParent, but I have to remind myself that he’s an active boy and his injury is\\nnow very well protected.\\n\\nHave your kids broken any bones? What advice would do you have for other\\nparents?\\n\\nshares\\n\\nShare:\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## One comment on “How I handled my son’s first broken bone”\\n\\n 1. Pingback: MummyConstant » Managing Eye Care For Your Children\\n\\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\\n\\nFollow us\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nPinterest Pin It\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nInstagram (follow only)\\n\\nResources\\n\\n# Create a new password\\n\\nWe've sent an email with instructions to create a new password. 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Privacy Policy Ad Choices Terms\\nof Service\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":373,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":653811,"string":"653,811"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Roll out Dough"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To roll out dough, lightly flour the rolling pin and a flat surface in your kitchen. Next, roll the dough into a large ball, place it in the middle of the floured space, and press the ball down with your hands until it's about 1 inch thick. Then, place the rolling pin on top of the flattened dough, press down, and let the pin rotate as you push it. Start in the middle with each stroke and roll out the dough away from you until it's as thin as you need for your recipe."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200803235509/https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough","http://web.archive.org/web/20200404185221/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry","http://web.archive.org/web/20210422171917/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust","http://web.archive.org/web/20200809121451/https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust","http://web.archive.org/web/20200215214934/https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article","http://web.archive.org/web/20200511065515/https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200803235509/https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200404185221/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422171917/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200809121451/https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200215214934/https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200511065515/https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2528,"string":"2,528"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200803235509/https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough","parsed_text":{"title":"The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough","passages":["The right strategy is the secret to rolling out pie dough that’s an even thickness throughout and won’t tear when you transfer it to the pie dish.","Avoiding It: Start with very cold dough, work as quickly as possible, and make sure to lift and turn dough as you roll.","Solving It: Add more flour to counter each time you lift dough to turn it; add more to top of dough as necessary. If dough still sticks, transfer to rimmed baking sheet and refrigerate until firm, about 15 minutes.","Two key pointers to keep in mind when rolling dough: First, always work with well-chilled pastry; otherwise, the dough will stick to the counter and tear. Second, never roll out dough by rolling back and forth over the same section; each time you press on the same spot, more gluten develops that can toughen the dough. Here’s our method:","Place well-chilled dough on floured counter and sprinkle lightly with flour. Place tapered rolling pin in center of dough with ends at 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock and roll dough outward from center to edge, applying even, gentle pressure.","Using dough scraper, lift and turn dough 90 degrees. Roll outward again from center, making sure to keep hands at 9 and 3 positions. Lightly flour underneath dough as necessary to prevent sticking.","Repeat rolling and turning steps (keeping hands at 9 and 3) until dough is wide enough to overhang pie plate by 4 inches."]},"parsed_md":"The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough | Cook's Illustrated\n\nSkip to main content\n\nMenu\n\nClose\n\nUpgrade\n\nFree Trial\n\nLog in\n\nAccount Account\n\nSearch\n\nToday Only! Save 43% on our Top Rated Air Fryer!\n\nOur Sites Our Sites\n\nFavorites\n\nFree Trial\n\nSupport\n\nLog In\n\nAccount Account\n\nUpgrade\n\nMenu\n\nRegister Now Find TV Listings\n\nRegister Now Find TV Listings\n\nClose\n\n# The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough\n\nThe right strategy is the secret to rolling out pie dough that’s an even\nthickness throughout and won’t tear when you transfer it to the pie dish.\n\nProblem: Dough is not round.\n\nAvoiding It: Start with dough formed into a flat, even disk and check often as\nyou roll.\n\nSolving It: Use your hands or bench scraper to push in dough and round out\ncircle.\n\nProblem: Dough sticks to counter.\n\nAvoiding It: Start with very cold dough, work as quickly as possible, and make\nsure to lift and turn dough as you roll.\n\nSolving It: Add more flour to counter each time you lift dough to turn it; add\nmore to top of dough as necessary. If dough still sticks, transfer to rimmed\nbaking sheet and refrigerate until firm, about 15 minutes.\n\nTwo key pointers to keep in mind when rolling dough: First, always work with\nwell-chilled pastry; otherwise, the dough will stick to the counter and tear.\nSecond, never roll out dough by rolling back and forth over the same section;\neach time you press on the same spot, more gluten develops that can toughen\nthe dough. Here’s our method:\n\n 1. Place well-chilled dough on floured counter and sprinkle lightly with flour. Place tapered rolling pin in center of dough with ends at 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock and roll dough outward from center to edge, applying even, gentle pressure.\n\n 1. Using dough scraper, lift and turn dough 90 degrees. Roll outward again from center, making sure to keep hands at 9 and 3 positions. Lightly flour underneath dough as necessary to prevent sticking.\n\n 1. Repeat rolling and turning steps (keeping hands at 9 and 3) until dough is wide enough to overhang pie plate by 4 inches.\n\n### See Also\n\nRecipeFoolproof Pie Dough for Dou...\n\nHow ToTransferring Pie Dough\n\nHow ToFitting Pie Dough\n\nHow ToKeys to Foolproof Pie Dough\n\n## Recommended Reading\n\n### TRENDING NOW\n\nSign up for our cooking newsletter\n\n## Websites\n\n## Magazines\n\n## Customer Service\n\n## Corporate\n\n© 2020 America's Test Kitchen. All rights reserved.\n\n## A family of brands trusted by millions of home cooks\n\nLearn real cooking skills from your favorite food experts\n\nThe iconic magazine that investigates how and why recipes work\n\nAmerican classics, everyday favorites, and the stories behind them\n\nExperts teach 200+ online courses for home cooks at every skill level\n\nKid tested, kid approved: Welcome to America’s Test Kitchen for the next\ngeneration\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200404185221/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry","parsed_text":{"title":"How to roll pastry","passages":["Dust the work surface lightly with flour. Put pastry on it and sprinkle a little flour on top. Try to avoid using more flour than you need as the pastry will become too dry.","Use your rolling pin to press down on the pastry, making little grooves. Turn 90 degrees and repeat until the pastry is about twice its original diameter.","Sprinkle a little more flour underneath if necessary and begin to roll out the pastry gently, turning every so often until it's large enough to fit your tin with a slight overhang.","Put the pastry into the tin, topside down. Once the pastry is gently laid over, push it into the tin with your hands. Use a small ball of the excess pastry to help push the pastry into the corners.","If the pastry starts to go soft, slide it onto a baking sheet and put it back into the fridge for a few minutes to firm up.","As well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it. From tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and nutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.","We are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy recipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews, foodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re here to help.","All our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for your kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating, so we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.","Love the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your thoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as possible.","* More recipes\n* Get in touch\n* Subscribe to the magazine\n* BBC Good Food events\n* Good Food TV channel"]},"parsed_md":"How to roll pastry | BBC Good Food\n\nBBC Good Food\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## My Good Food\n\nCreate an account\n\nSign in\n\nShopping List\n\n# How to roll pastry\n\nHow to roll out your pastry and line a round, fluted tin.\n\nShare:\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Email\n\n## Points to remember\n\n * Dust the work surface lightly with flour. Put pastry on it and sprinkle a little flour on top. Try to avoid using more flour than you need as the pastry will become too dry.\n * Use your rolling pin to press down on the pastry, making little grooves. Turn 90 degrees and repeat until the pastry is about twice its original diameter.\n * Sprinkle a little more flour underneath if necessary and begin to roll out the pastry gently, turning every so often until it's large enough to fit your tin with a slight overhang.\n * Place the rolling pin at the far end of the pastry and flip it over the rolling pin.\n * Put the pastry into the tin, topside down. Once the pastry is gently laid over, push it into the tin with your hands. Use a small ball of the excess pastry to help push the pastry into the corners.\n * Trim the edges.\n\n * ### Tip\n\n#### Rolling out pastry\n\nIf the pastry starts to go soft, slide it onto a baking sheet and put it back\ninto the fridge for a few minutes to firm up.\n\n## Recipes using this technique\n\n * ### Chocolate & hazelnut praline tart\n\n4.42857\n\n(14 ratings)\n\n * ### Leek, mushroom & gruyère quiche\n\n4.55932\n\n(59 ratings)\n\n## Skills & know how\n\nAs well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it.\nFrom tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and\nnutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.\n\nSee our how to section...\n\n## About BBC Good Food\n\nWe are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy\nrecipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews,\nfoodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re\nhere to help.\n\n## Our recipes\n\nAll our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for\nyour kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating,\nso we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.\n\nStart browsing our recipes now\n\n## Tell us what you think...\n\nLove the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your\nthoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as\npossible.\n\nGet in touch\n\n## Magazine\n\nSubscribe to BBC Good Food magazine and get triple-tested recipes delivered to\nyour door, every month.\n\nOrder today!\n\n## Events\n\nDiscover a BBC Good Food Show near you.\n\nBook tickets now\n\n## On TV\n\nSee your favourite chefs on Sky Channel 133, BT 313 and find their recipes at\ngoodfoodchannel.co.uk\n\n## Follow us\n\nJoin the BBC Good Food community by following us on Facebook, Twitter,\nPinterest, Instagram and Google Plus.\n\nFind out more here\n\n * More recipes\n * Get in touch\n * Subscribe to the magazine\n * BBC Good Food events\n * Good Food TV channel\n\n####\n\nThis website is published by Immediate Media Company Limited under licence\nfrom BBC Studios Distribution.\n\n© Immediate Media Company Limited, 2020\n\n * Site terms\n * Privacy policy\n * Manage cookies\n * Cookies policy\n * Complaints\n * Contact us\n * Advertise with us\n\nWant to receive regular food and recipe web notifications from us?\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422171917/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Roll Out a Piecrust Video and Steps","passages":["Flour your rolling surface and rolling pin Place a well-chilled piece of dough shaped into a disk onto a floured surface. Dust the rolling pin and your fingers with flour to prevent sticking.","Roll out the dough, rotating the dough as you go Applying even pressure, press your rolling pin into the dough, rolling away from you and back. Rotate the disk as you go, and flip it over occasionally, to create an even circle. When the dough starts to feel sticky, apply a light dusting of flour. When the dough is a little less than a quarter of an inch thick, place your pie plate in the center of the dough, face up, to check that the dough you’ve rolled out is large enough to fit the dish.","Transfer the dough into the pie plate Flip the rolled dough in half toward you, creating a half-moon shape, and lift it over the plate. Set it down so that it covers half the plate; then open it so it forms a circle again and covers the entire pie plate.","Press the dough into the pie plate With your fingertips, gently push the pie dough into the bottom and sides of the plate.","Trim the edges Use a scissor to cut any extra dough along the edge, leaving a 1/2-inch border. Fold the edge of the dough underneath itself so that it creates a thicker, 1/4-inch border that rests on the lip of the plate.","Crimp the edges Create a patterned edge by pressing the thumb of one hand against the edge of the dough from the outside of the dish while gently pressing with the thumb and forefinger of the other hand from the inside. Rotate the pie plate until you’ve completed the pattern along the entire edge.","MeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"]},"parsed_md":"How to Roll Out a Piecrust Video and Steps | Real Simple\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Real Simple\n\nReal Simple Real Simple\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * My Account\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Free Organizing App this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\nLIVE\n\n# How To: Roll Out a Piecrust\n\nRolling out a crust doesn’t have to be daunting. Watch this easy-to-follow,\nstep-by-step video.\n\nBy Real Simple\n\nUpdated September 26, 2016\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\nRolling out a crust doesn’t have to be daunting. Watch this easy-to-follow,\nstep-by-step video.\n\n## What You Need\n\n * pie dough, rolling pin, pie plate, flour\n\n## Follow These Steps\n\n 1. Flour your rolling surface and rolling pin Place a well-chilled piece of dough shaped into a disk onto a floured surface. Dust the rolling pin and your fingers with flour to prevent sticking.\n 2. Roll out the dough, rotating the dough as you go Applying even pressure, press your rolling pin into the dough, rolling away from you and back. Rotate the disk as you go, and flip it over occasionally, to create an even circle. When the dough starts to feel sticky, apply a light dusting of flour. When the dough is a little less than a quarter of an inch thick, place your pie plate in the center of the dough, face up, to check that the dough you’ve rolled out is large enough to fit the dish.\n 3. Transfer the dough into the pie plate Flip the rolled dough in half toward you, creating a half-moon shape, and lift it over the plate. Set it down so that it covers half the plate; then open it so it forms a circle again and covers the entire pie plate.\n 4. Press the dough into the pie plate With your fingertips, gently push the pie dough into the bottom and sides of the plate.\n 5. Trim the edges Use a scissor to cut any extra dough along the edge, leaving a 1/2-inch border. Fold the edge of the dough underneath itself so that it creates a thicker, 1/4-inch border that rests on the lip of the plate.\n 6. Crimp the edges Create a patterned edge by pressing the thumb of one hand against the edge of the dough from the outside of the dish while gently pressing with the thumb and forefinger of the other hand from the inside. Rotate the pie plate until you’ve completed the pattern along the entire edge.\n\nTip: Bake the crust right away, or refrigerate or freeze it for later use.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Real Simple\n\n * Bakeware Sets\n * Cake Pans\n * Muffin Pans\n * Baking Dishes\n * Silicone Molds\n * Rolling Pins\n * Cookie Cutters\n * Cooling Racks\n * Baking Mats\n * Cookie Cutters\n * Shop More\n\nReal Simple may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\nlinks contained on this website.\n\nReal Simple\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real\nSimple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in\nthis email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice.\nReal Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in\nwhole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link\nopens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis\nlink opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window\nWeb Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.realsimple.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow To: Roll Out a Piecrust\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200809121451/https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust","parsed_text":{"title":"How to roll out perfect piecrust","passages":["There’s no denying it: Piecrusts are one of the hardest things for a home cook to master. When it comes to rolling them out, experience counts for a lot, but good techniques are crucial, too. Here are some of our best pointers for rolling out lovely, even rounds of dough.","If it’s too warm and soft, it’ll stick like crazy to the rolling pin and the work surface, forcing you to add too much flour as you work it. Dough that’s too cold and hard resists rolling and cracks if you try to force it. Press the dough lightly to check its rolling readiness— your fingertips should leave an imprint but shouldn’t easily sink into the dough.","Start with the rolling pin in the center of your dough disk. Roll toward 12 o’clock, easing up on the pressure as you near the edge (this keeps the edge from getting too thin). Pick up the pin and return it to center. Roll toward 6 o’clock, as shown at right. Repeat this motion toward 3 and then 9 o’clock, always easing up the pressure near the edges and then picking up the pin rather than rolling it back to center. Continue to roll around the clock, aiming for different “times” (like 1, 7, 4, 10) on each round.","Turn the dough and check often for sticking. After each round of the clock, run a bench knife underneath the dough (below left), to make sure it’s not sticking, and reflour the surface if necessary. When you do this, give the dough a quarter turn—most people inevitably use uneven pressure when rolling in one direction versus another, so the occasional turn helps average it out for a more even thickness. Continue to turn and roll until the dough is the right width and thickness (below right).","Even dough that’s at the perfect temperature needs a little extra flour to keep it from sticking, but try not to use more than you really need—the more extra flour you work into the dough as you roll it, the drier and tougher the crust will be.","Beyond the usual lightly floured countertop, other options for rolling surfaces include a pastry cloth (our current favorite, shown in the photos above, especially when paired with a cloth rolling pin cover), a silicone rolling mat (brand name Roul’Pat, available online at DemarleUSA.com), and sheets of parchment, waxed paper, or plastic wrap. Choose whichever one you like best.","Rolling the lamb around the filling means you get some of those bright flavors in just about every bite. For the best flavor, stuff the lamb the day before you..."]},"parsed_md":"How to roll out perfect piecrust - Article - FineCooking\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * How-to\n * Ingredients\n * Videos\n * Magazine\n * Holidays\n * Collections\n * More\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nSubscribe\n\nSubscribe\n\nFine Cooking\n\nSubscribe\n\nSign Up| Login\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * How-to\n * Ingredients\n * Videos\n * Magazine\n * Holidays\n * Collections\n * More\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nFine Cooking\n\nSubscribe\n\nArticle\n\n# How to roll out perfect piecrust\n\nBy Jennifer Armentrout Fine Cooking Issue 88\n\nPhotos: Scott Phillips\n\nSave to Recipe Box\n\nPrint\n\nAdd Private Note\n\nSaved Add to List\n\n### Add to List\n\nPrint\n\nAdd Recipe Note\n\n### Most Popular\n\n 1. ## Potato Gnocchi Recipe\n\n 2. ## Basic Iced Tea\n\n 3. ## Classic Tomato Soup Recipe\n\n 4. ## Oven-Roasted Eggplant Recipe\n\n 5. ## Osso Buco Recipe\n\nThere’s no denying it: Piecrusts are one of the hardest things for a home cook\nto master. When it comes to rolling them out, experience counts for a lot, but\ngood techniques are crucial, too. Here are some of our best pointers for\nrolling out lovely, even rounds of dough.\n\n### Start with dough at the right temperature\n\nIf it’s too warm and soft, it’ll stick like crazy to the rolling pin and the\nwork surface, forcing you to add too much flour as you work it. Dough that’s\ntoo cold and hard resists rolling and cracks if you try to force it. Press the\ndough lightly to check its rolling readiness— your fingertips should leave an\nimprint but shouldn’t easily sink into the dough.\n\n### Roll around the clock\n\nStart with the rolling pin in the center of your dough disk. Roll toward 12\no’clock, easing up on the pressure as you near the edge (this keeps the edge\nfrom getting too thin). Pick up the pin and return it to center. Roll toward 6\no’clock, as shown at right. Repeat this motion toward 3 and then 9 o’clock,\nalways easing up the pressure near the edges and then picking up the pin\nrather than rolling it back to center. Continue to roll around the clock,\naiming for different “times” (like 1, 7, 4, 10) on each round.\n\nTurn the dough and check often for sticking. After each round of the clock,\nrun a bench knife underneath the dough (below left), to make sure it’s not\nsticking, and reflour the surface if necessary. When you do this, give the\ndough a quarter turn—most people inevitably use uneven pressure when rolling\nin one direction versus another, so the occasional turn helps average it out\nfor a more even thickness. Continue to turn and roll until the dough is the\nright width and thickness (below right).\n\n### Go easy on the flour\n\nEven dough that’s at the perfect temperature needs a little extra flour to\nkeep it from sticking, but try not to use more than you really need—the more\nextra flour you work into the dough as you roll it, the drier and tougher the\ncrust will be.\n\n### Try an alternative rolling surface\n\nBeyond the usual lightly floured countertop, other options for rolling\nsurfaces include a pastry cloth (our current favorite, shown in the photos\nabove, especially when paired with a cloth rolling pin cover), a silicone\nrolling mat (brand name Roul’Pat, available online at DemarleUSA.com), and\nsheets of parchment, waxed paper, or plastic wrap. Choose whichever one you\nlike best.\n\n### Use the fewest possible passes of the rolling pin\n\nOverworked dough equals tough crust, so the less you have to work it during\nrolling, the better.\n\n#### Private Notes\n\nEdit| Delete\n\n### Comments\n\n### Leave a Comment\n\n### Comments\n\n### Leave A Comment\n\nCancel reply\n\n# What We're Cooking Now\n\n * Collection\n\n## 15 Cocktails To Make Summer a Little Cooler\n\n * Collection\n\n## The 25 Best Burgers On the Block\n\n * How-To\n\n## How to Make Crostatas\n\nBy Domenica Marchetti\n\n * Collection\n\n## Grocery Shortages? DIY Staples To the Rescue!\n\n * Collection\n\n## Work-From-Home Lunches\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Pinsa with Asparagus and Prosciutto\n\nBy John Regefalk, Katie Parla\n\n * How-To\n\n## Grilling Big\n\nBy Tony Rosenfeld\n\n# Find the inspiration you crave for your love of cooking\n\n## Subscribe today and save up to 44%\n\nSubscribe\n\nAlready a subscriber? Log in.\n\n# Videos\n\nView All\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Apricot-and-Herb-Stuffed Leg of Lamb\n\nRolling the lamb around the filling means you get some of those bright flavors\nin just about every bite. 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To keep reading, subscribe\ntoday.\n\nGet the print magazine, 25 years of back issues online, over 7,000 recipes,\nand more.\n\nStart your FREE trial\n\nAlready a subscriber? Log in\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200215214934/https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust","passages":["Whether it's fear of overworking the dough, or worries about crimping the crust, too many home cooks avoid learning how to roll out pie dough and crust. But armed with a great dough recipe (like this one!), and the right tips, anyone can nail the perfect summer pie. And once you do, there's no turning back to the pre-made pie pies.","Although most pie dough recipes suggest a range when it comes to the water amount, we're a fan of this recipe which uses apple cider vinegar and 1/4 cup ice water to create the ideal moist texture. Mix it in a food processor until the dough just forms, then shape it into a wide, flat disk and let it chill for at least an hour. Resting is key! Allowing time for the gluten to relax and all the water to absorb helps keep the dough pliable.","Choose a cool, large surface to roll out your dough. Lightly flour the work surface and rolling pin and working quickly, gently begin to roll the dough from the center outward. Apply even pressure and rotate the dough a quarter turn after every few passes, flipping the dough over occasionally and adding more flour as necessary.","If the dough starts to warm up and becomes too difficult to handle, place it on a cutting board or baking sheet and chill for 10 to 15 minutes. Then proceed with rolling it out. The dough should be 1/8\" thick and 1\" wider than the pie plate. Here's a pro tip on measuring the dough's thickness: stack two quarters next to the dough. That heigh is roughly equivalent to 1/8 of an inch, the Epi Test Kitchen's recommended thickness for pie dough.","Once the dough is the correct size—place the pie dish on top to check—use a pastry brush to remove any excess flour.","To transfer the dough into the pie dish, generously flour the rolling pin to avoid sticking, then carefully roll the dough around the pin. Starting at the top of the pie dish, slowly unroll it, centering it in the dish.","Use the pads of your fingers to gently press the dough into the pie dish. Don't pull or stretch the dough, just let it settle into place. If your kitchen is particularly warm and the dough feels very soft and pliable, stick it in the refrigerator for 10 minutes.","When the dough is completely set into the dish and patched, leave 1\" of dough hanging over the edge, and trim any excess dough. Tuck the dough under itself to create a thick perimeter border for crimping or finishing as desired.","Finish the edges as desired. For any easy design, use a fork to create cross hatches or other designs. For a traditional crimped look, press the index finger of one hand between the index finger and thumb of another to create a fluted texture. When the pie crust is finished, chill at least 30 minutes to set the pie dough.","While the crust is chilling, prepare your filling. Just before baking, you can also brush the crust with egg wash and coarse sugar to given it extra shine. Bake the pie according to whatever recipe you're making.","Now that you know how to roll out pie dough and crust like a baking pro, do it every day! Do it every which way! Peach pie! Blueberry pie! Strawberry pie! Tomato pie! The world of pie is your oyster!","Since 1995, Epicurious has been the ultimate food resource for the home cook, with daily kitchen tips, fun cooking videos, and, oh yeah, over 33,000 recipes.","© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Epicurious may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"]},"parsed_md":"How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust | Epicurious\n\nSkip to main content\n\nHow to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust\n\nMore\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * Expert Advice\n * Ingredients\n * Holidays & Events\n * Video\n\nPie\n\n# How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust\n\nIt's pie season! Here's your guide to rolling that dough out right.\n\nBy Katherine Sacks\n\nJune 9, 2017\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\nWhether it's fear of overworking the dough, or worries about crimping the\ncrust, too many home cooks avoid learning how to roll out pie dough and crust.\nBut armed with a great dough recipe (like this one!), and the right tips,\nanyone can nail the perfect summer pie. And once you do, there's no turning\nback to the pre-made pie pies.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 1\\. Start With The Right Dough\n\nAlthough most pie dough recipes suggest a range when it comes to the water\namount, we're a fan of this recipe which uses apple cider vinegar and 1/4 cup\nice water to create the ideal moist texture. Mix it in a food processor until\nthe dough just forms, then shape it into a wide, flat disk and let it chill\nfor at least an hour. Resting is key! Allowing time for the gluten to relax\nand all the water to absorb helps keep the dough pliable.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 2\\. Gently Roll it Out\n\nChoose a cool, large surface to roll out your dough. Lightly flour the work\nsurface and rolling pin and working quickly, gently begin to roll the dough\nfrom the center outward. Apply even pressure and rotate the dough a quarter\nturn after every few passes, flipping the dough over occasionally and adding\nmore flour as necessary.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 3\\. Brush It Off\n\nIf the dough starts to warm up and becomes too difficult to handle, place it\non a cutting board or baking sheet and chill for 10 to 15 minutes. Then\nproceed with rolling it out. The dough should be 1/8\" thick and 1\" wider than\nthe pie plate. Here's a pro tip on measuring the dough's thickness: stack two\nquarters next to the dough. That heigh is roughly equivalent to 1/8 of an\ninch, the Epi Test Kitchen's recommended thickness for pie dough.\n\nOnce the dough is the correct size—place the pie dish on top to check—use a\npastry brush to remove any excess flour.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 4\\. Roll It Up\n\nTo transfer the dough into the pie dish, generously flour the rolling pin to\navoid sticking, then carefully roll the dough around the pin. Starting at the\ntop of the pie dish, slowly unroll it, centering it in the dish.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 5\\. Press It In\n\nUse the pads of your fingers to gently press the dough into the pie dish.\nDon't pull or stretch the dough, just let it settle into place. If your\nkitchen is particularly warm and the dough feels very soft and pliable, stick\nit in the refrigerator for 10 minutes.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 6\\. Patch It\n\nIf any tears or holes form, patch them with extra scraps of dough.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 7\\. Trim It\n\nWhen the dough is completely set into the dish and patched, leave 1\" of dough\nhanging over the edge, and trim any excess dough. Tuck the dough under itself\nto create a thick perimeter border for crimping or finishing as desired.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 8\\. Crimp the Crust\n\nFinish the edges as desired. For any easy design, use a fork to create cross\nhatches or other designs. For a traditional crimped look, press the index\nfinger of one hand between the index finger and thumb of another to create a\nfluted texture. When the pie crust is finished, chill at least 30 minutes to\nset the pie dough.\n\n## 9\\. Fill and Bake\n\nWhile the crust is chilling, prepare your filling. Just before baking, you can\nalso brush the crust with egg wash and coarse sugar to given it extra shine.\nBake the pie according to whatever recipe you're making.\n\nNow that you know how to roll out pie dough and crust like a baking pro, do it\nevery day! Do it every which way! Peach pie! Blueberry pie! Strawberry pie!\nTomato pie! The world of pie is your oyster!\n\nTagsPieHow ToSummerFruitBake\n\nSince 1995, Epicurious has been the ultimate food resource for the home cook,\nwith daily kitchen tips, fun cooking videos, and, oh yeah, over 33,000\nrecipes.\n\n© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights.\nEpicurious may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased\nthrough our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The\nmaterial on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached\nor otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad\nChoices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200511065515/https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry","parsed_text":{"title":"Rolling out pastry","passages":["Pick up the just-made pastry and shape it to match the tin. Some people prefer to chill the pastry but it is fine to use just-made.","Lightly flour the rolling pin and start to roll. Keep rolling and turning the pastry until it’s 3mm thick. (If you tear it, just press it back together with your fingertips.)","Press it into the corners of the tin from the top down, pushing it into the grooves on the side of the tin.","Pinch off any excess pastry, leaving 5mm extra above the tin to allow for shrinkage during cooking. Some people like to use a knife to trim off the excess but using your fingers works best.","Copyright © 2020 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking."]},"parsed_md":"Rolling out pastry - BBC Food\n\nHomepage\n\n## Accessibility links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Accessibility Help\n\nBBC Account\n\nNotifications\n\nSearch\n\nFood\n\n# Rolling out pastry\n\n## Skill level\n\nEasy\n\n## Equipment you will need for this technique\n\nRolling pin\n\nPrepared tin\n\nGet even results when rolling out pastry with our short video taking you\nthrough the steps.\n\nLightly dust the work surface with flour.\n\nPick up the just-made pastry and shape it to match the tin. Some people prefer\nto chill the pastry but it is fine to use just-made.\n\nLightly flour the rolling pin and start to roll. Keep rolling and turning the\npastry until it’s 3mm thick. (If you tear it, just press it back together with\nyour fingertips.)\n\nLift the pastry onto the rolling pin and drape it over the tin.\n\nPress it into the corners of the tin from the top down, pushing it into the\ngrooves on the side of the tin.\n\nPinch off any excess pastry, leaving 5mm extra above the tin to allow for\nshrinkage during cooking. Some people like to use a knife to trim off the\nexcess but using your fingers works best.\n\nIf baking blind, prick the base of the case all over with a fork.\n\nChill the pastry case for at least 30 minutes before cooking.\n\nIf baking blind, line the pastry case with baking paper and fill with baking\nbeans.\n\n## Recipes using this technique\n\nFeaturedAll\n\n### Apricot and almond tart with brown bread and banana ice cream\n\nby Jack Monroe\n\nDesserts\n\n### Vegan pastry\n\nby Justine Pattison\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Gluten-free quiche\n\nby Annie Rigg\n\nMain course\n\n### Easter spinach pie (torta pasquale)\n\nby Gennaro Contaldo\n\nMain course\n\n### Mini beef Wellingtons\n\nby Martha Collison\n\nStarters & nibbles\n\n### Celebration celeriac and sweet garlic pie\n\nby Anna Jones\n\nMain course\n\n### Mini chestnut, apple and spinach Wellingtons\n\nby Lorraine Pascale\n\nMain course\n\n### Mincemeat and marzipan tart\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Proper apple pie\n\nby Mary Henry\n\nDesserts\n\n### Perfect apple pie\n\nby The Hairy Bikers\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Snowman Christmas cookies\n\nby Jayne Cross\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Homemade mince pies\n\nby Thane Prince\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Salmon en croûte\n\nby Nigel Slater\n\nMain course\n\n### Chicken and bacon pie\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nMain course\n\n### Quiche Lorraine\n\nby James Martin\n\nMain course\n\n### Steak and kidney pudding\n\nby The Hairy Bikers\n\nMain course\n\n### Easy Bakewell tart\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Lemon meringue pie\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nDesserts\n\n### French apple tart\n\nby Michel Roux Jr.\n\nDesserts\n\n### Feather-topped Bakewell tart\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Potato and butter pie with mushroom gravy and wilted spinach\n\nby The Hairy Bikers\n\nMain course\n\n### Steak and kidney pie\n\nby Antony Worrall Thompson\n\nMain course\n\n### Mushroom and ale pie\n\nby Justine Pattison\n\nMain course\n\n### Traditional chicken pie\n\nby Elaine Wilson\n\nMain course\n\nFAQs about BBC Food\n\n## Find us here\n\n## Explore the BBC\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * iPlayer\n * Sounds\n * CBBC\n * CBeebies\n * Food\n * Bitesize\n * Arts\n * Taster\n * Local\n * Three\n\n * Terms of Use\n * About the BBC\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Accessibility Help\n * Parental Guidance\n * Contact the BBC\n * Get Personalised Newsletters\n\nCopyright © 2020 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\nsites. Read about our approach to external linking.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200803235509/https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The right strategy is the secret to rolling out pie dough that’s an even thickness throughout and won’t tear when you transfer it to the pie dish.\",\n \"Avoiding It: Start with very cold dough, work as quickly as possible, and make sure to lift and turn dough as you roll.\",\n \"Solving It: Add more flour to counter each time you lift dough to turn it; add more to top of dough as necessary. If dough still sticks, transfer to rimmed baking sheet and refrigerate until firm, about 15 minutes.\",\n \"Two key pointers to keep in mind when rolling dough: First, always work with well-chilled pastry; otherwise, the dough will stick to the counter and tear. Second, never roll out dough by rolling back and forth over the same section; each time you press on the same spot, more gluten develops that can toughen the dough. Here’s our method:\",\n \"Place well-chilled dough on floured counter and sprinkle lightly with flour. Place tapered rolling pin in center of dough with ends at 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock and roll dough outward from center to edge, applying even, gentle pressure.\",\n \"Using dough scraper, lift and turn dough 90 degrees. Roll outward again from center, making sure to keep hands at 9 and 3 positions. Lightly flour underneath dough as necessary to prevent sticking.\",\n \"Repeat rolling and turning steps (keeping hands at 9 and 3) until dough is wide enough to overhang pie plate by 4 inches.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough | Cook's Illustrated\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nMenu\\n\\nClose\\n\\nUpgrade\\n\\nFree Trial\\n\\nLog in\\n\\nAccount Account\\n\\nSearch\\n\\nToday Only! Save 43% on our Top Rated Air Fryer!\\n\\nOur Sites Our Sites\\n\\nFavorites\\n\\nFree Trial\\n\\nSupport\\n\\nLog In\\n\\nAccount Account\\n\\nUpgrade\\n\\nMenu\\n\\nRegister Now Find TV Listings\\n\\nRegister Now Find TV Listings\\n\\nClose\\n\\n# The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough\\n\\nThe right strategy is the secret to rolling out pie dough that’s an even\\nthickness throughout and won’t tear when you transfer it to the pie dish.\\n\\nProblem: Dough is not round.\\n\\nAvoiding It: Start with dough formed into a flat, even disk and check often as\\nyou roll.\\n\\nSolving It: Use your hands or bench scraper to push in dough and round out\\ncircle.\\n\\nProblem: Dough sticks to counter.\\n\\nAvoiding It: Start with very cold dough, work as quickly as possible, and make\\nsure to lift and turn dough as you roll.\\n\\nSolving It: Add more flour to counter each time you lift dough to turn it; add\\nmore to top of dough as necessary. If dough still sticks, transfer to rimmed\\nbaking sheet and refrigerate until firm, about 15 minutes.\\n\\nTwo key pointers to keep in mind when rolling dough: First, always work with\\nwell-chilled pastry; otherwise, the dough will stick to the counter and tear.\\nSecond, never roll out dough by rolling back and forth over the same section;\\neach time you press on the same spot, more gluten develops that can toughen\\nthe dough. Here’s our method:\\n\\n 1. Place well-chilled dough on floured counter and sprinkle lightly with flour. Place tapered rolling pin in center of dough with ends at 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock and roll dough outward from center to edge, applying even, gentle pressure.\\n\\n 1. Using dough scraper, lift and turn dough 90 degrees. Roll outward again from center, making sure to keep hands at 9 and 3 positions. Lightly flour underneath dough as necessary to prevent sticking.\\n\\n 1. Repeat rolling and turning steps (keeping hands at 9 and 3) until dough is wide enough to overhang pie plate by 4 inches.\\n\\n### See Also\\n\\nRecipeFoolproof Pie Dough for Dou...\\n\\nHow ToTransferring Pie Dough\\n\\nHow ToFitting Pie Dough\\n\\nHow ToKeys to Foolproof Pie Dough\\n\\n## Recommended Reading\\n\\n### TRENDING NOW\\n\\nSign up for our cooking newsletter\\n\\n## Websites\\n\\n## Magazines\\n\\n## Customer Service\\n\\n## Corporate\\n\\n© 2020 America's Test Kitchen. All rights reserved.\\n\\n## A family of brands trusted by millions of home cooks\\n\\nLearn real cooking skills from your favorite food experts\\n\\nThe iconic magazine that investigates how and why recipes work\\n\\nAmerican classics, everyday favorites, and the stories behind them\\n\\nExperts teach 200+ online courses for home cooks at every skill level\\n\\nKid tested, kid approved: Welcome to America’s Test Kitchen for the next\\ngeneration\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200404185221/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to roll pastry\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Dust the work surface lightly with flour. Put pastry on it and sprinkle a little flour on top. Try to avoid using more flour than you need as the pastry will become too dry.\",\n \"Use your rolling pin to press down on the pastry, making little grooves. Turn 90 degrees and repeat until the pastry is about twice its original diameter.\",\n \"Sprinkle a little more flour underneath if necessary and begin to roll out the pastry gently, turning every so often until it's large enough to fit your tin with a slight overhang.\",\n \"Put the pastry into the tin, topside down. Once the pastry is gently laid over, push it into the tin with your hands. Use a small ball of the excess pastry to help push the pastry into the corners.\",\n \"If the pastry starts to go soft, slide it onto a baking sheet and put it back into the fridge for a few minutes to firm up.\",\n \"As well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it. From tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and nutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.\",\n \"We are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy recipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews, foodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re here to help.\",\n \"All our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for your kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating, so we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.\",\n \"Love the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your thoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as possible.\",\n \"* More recipes\\n* Get in touch\\n* Subscribe to the magazine\\n* BBC Good Food events\\n* Good Food TV channel\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to roll pastry | BBC Good Food\\n\\nBBC Good Food\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n## My Good Food\\n\\nCreate an account\\n\\nSign in\\n\\nShopping List\\n\\n# How to roll pastry\\n\\nHow to roll out your pastry and line a round, fluted tin.\\n\\nShare:\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * Google+\\n * Email\\n\\n## Points to remember\\n\\n * Dust the work surface lightly with flour. Put pastry on it and sprinkle a little flour on top. Try to avoid using more flour than you need as the pastry will become too dry.\\n * Use your rolling pin to press down on the pastry, making little grooves. Turn 90 degrees and repeat until the pastry is about twice its original diameter.\\n * Sprinkle a little more flour underneath if necessary and begin to roll out the pastry gently, turning every so often until it's large enough to fit your tin with a slight overhang.\\n * Place the rolling pin at the far end of the pastry and flip it over the rolling pin.\\n * Put the pastry into the tin, topside down. Once the pastry is gently laid over, push it into the tin with your hands. Use a small ball of the excess pastry to help push the pastry into the corners.\\n * Trim the edges.\\n\\n * ### Tip\\n\\n#### Rolling out pastry\\n\\nIf the pastry starts to go soft, slide it onto a baking sheet and put it back\\ninto the fridge for a few minutes to firm up.\\n\\n## Recipes using this technique\\n\\n * ### Chocolate & hazelnut praline tart\\n\\n4.42857\\n\\n(14 ratings)\\n\\n * ### Leek, mushroom & gruyère quiche\\n\\n4.55932\\n\\n(59 ratings)\\n\\n## Skills & know how\\n\\nAs well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it.\\nFrom tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and\\nnutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.\\n\\nSee our how to section...\\n\\n## About BBC Good Food\\n\\nWe are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy\\nrecipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews,\\nfoodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re\\nhere to help.\\n\\n## Our recipes\\n\\nAll our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for\\nyour kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating,\\nso we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.\\n\\nStart browsing our recipes now\\n\\n## Tell us what you think...\\n\\nLove the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your\\nthoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as\\npossible.\\n\\nGet in touch\\n\\n## Magazine\\n\\nSubscribe to BBC Good Food magazine and get triple-tested recipes delivered to\\nyour door, every month.\\n\\nOrder today!\\n\\n## Events\\n\\nDiscover a BBC Good Food Show near you.\\n\\nBook tickets now\\n\\n## On TV\\n\\nSee your favourite chefs on Sky Channel 133, BT 313 and find their recipes at\\ngoodfoodchannel.co.uk\\n\\n## Follow us\\n\\nJoin the BBC Good Food community by following us on Facebook, Twitter,\\nPinterest, Instagram and Google Plus.\\n\\nFind out more here\\n\\n * More recipes\\n * Get in touch\\n * Subscribe to the magazine\\n * BBC Good Food events\\n * Good Food TV channel\\n\\n####\\n\\nThis website is published by Immediate Media Company Limited under licence\\nfrom BBC Studios Distribution.\\n\\n© Immediate Media Company Limited, 2020\\n\\n * Site terms\\n * Privacy policy\\n * Manage cookies\\n * Cookies policy\\n * Complaints\\n * Contact us\\n * Advertise with us\\n\\nWant to receive regular food and recipe web notifications from us?\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422171917/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Roll Out a Piecrust Video and Steps\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Flour your rolling surface and rolling pin Place a well-chilled piece of dough shaped into a disk onto a floured surface. Dust the rolling pin and your fingers with flour to prevent sticking.\",\n \"Roll out the dough, rotating the dough as you go Applying even pressure, press your rolling pin into the dough, rolling away from you and back. Rotate the disk as you go, and flip it over occasionally, to create an even circle. When the dough starts to feel sticky, apply a light dusting of flour. When the dough is a little less than a quarter of an inch thick, place your pie plate in the center of the dough, face up, to check that the dough you’ve rolled out is large enough to fit the dish.\",\n \"Transfer the dough into the pie plate Flip the rolled dough in half toward you, creating a half-moon shape, and lift it over the plate. Set it down so that it covers half the plate; then open it so it forms a circle again and covers the entire pie plate.\",\n \"Press the dough into the pie plate With your fingertips, gently push the pie dough into the bottom and sides of the plate.\",\n \"Trim the edges Use a scissor to cut any extra dough along the edge, leaving a 1/2-inch border. Fold the edge of the dough underneath itself so that it creates a thicker, 1/4-inch border that rests on the lip of the plate.\",\n \"Crimp the edges Create a patterned edge by pressing the thumb of one hand against the edge of the dough from the outside of the dish while gently pressing with the thumb and forefinger of the other hand from the inside. Rotate the pie plate until you’ve completed the pattern along the entire edge.\",\n \"MeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Roll Out a Piecrust Video and Steps | Real Simple\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n## Explore Real Simple\\n\\nReal Simple Real Simple\\n\\n## Profile Menu\\n\\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nYour Account\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * My Account\\n * Join Now\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Newsletters\\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Help\\n * Logout\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Free Organizing App this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nSweepstakes\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\nLIVE\\n\\n# How To: Roll Out a Piecrust\\n\\nRolling out a crust doesn’t have to be daunting. Watch this easy-to-follow,\\nstep-by-step video.\\n\\nBy Real Simple\\n\\nUpdated September 26, 2016\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nSave FB Tweet\\n\\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\\n\\nRolling out a crust doesn’t have to be daunting. Watch this easy-to-follow,\\nstep-by-step video.\\n\\n## What You Need\\n\\n * pie dough, rolling pin, pie plate, flour\\n\\n## Follow These Steps\\n\\n 1. Flour your rolling surface and rolling pin Place a well-chilled piece of dough shaped into a disk onto a floured surface. Dust the rolling pin and your fingers with flour to prevent sticking.\\n 2. Roll out the dough, rotating the dough as you go Applying even pressure, press your rolling pin into the dough, rolling away from you and back. Rotate the disk as you go, and flip it over occasionally, to create an even circle. When the dough starts to feel sticky, apply a light dusting of flour. When the dough is a little less than a quarter of an inch thick, place your pie plate in the center of the dough, face up, to check that the dough you’ve rolled out is large enough to fit the dish.\\n 3. Transfer the dough into the pie plate Flip the rolled dough in half toward you, creating a half-moon shape, and lift it over the plate. Set it down so that it covers half the plate; then open it so it forms a circle again and covers the entire pie plate.\\n 4. Press the dough into the pie plate With your fingertips, gently push the pie dough into the bottom and sides of the plate.\\n 5. Trim the edges Use a scissor to cut any extra dough along the edge, leaving a 1/2-inch border. Fold the edge of the dough underneath itself so that it creates a thicker, 1/4-inch border that rests on the lip of the plate.\\n 6. Crimp the edges Create a patterned edge by pressing the thumb of one hand against the edge of the dough from the outside of the dish while gently pressing with the thumb and forefinger of the other hand from the inside. Rotate the pie plate until you’ve completed the pattern along the entire edge.\\n\\nTip: Bake the crust right away, or refrigerate or freeze it for later use.\\n\\n## Share options\\n\\n## Login\\n\\n## Shop | Real Simple\\n\\n * Bakeware Sets\\n * Cake Pans\\n * Muffin Pans\\n * Baking Dishes\\n * Silicone Molds\\n * Rolling Pins\\n * Cookie Cutters\\n * Cooling Racks\\n * Baking Mats\\n * Cookie Cutters\\n * Shop More\\n\\nReal Simple may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\\nlinks contained on this website.\\n\\nReal Simple\\n\\nOther Meredith Sites\\n\\n## Other Meredith Sites\\n\\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * More this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\\n * People this link opens in a new tab\\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nMeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real\\nSimple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in\\nthis email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice.\\nReal Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in\\nwhole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link\\nopens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis\\nlink opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window\\nWeb Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\\n\\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.realsimple.com\\n\\n## View image\\n\\nHow To: Roll Out a Piecrust\\n\\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\\nguidelines.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200809121451/https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to roll out perfect piecrust\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"There’s no denying it: Piecrusts are one of the hardest things for a home cook to master. When it comes to rolling them out, experience counts for a lot, but good techniques are crucial, too. Here are some of our best pointers for rolling out lovely, even rounds of dough.\",\n \"If it’s too warm and soft, it’ll stick like crazy to the rolling pin and the work surface, forcing you to add too much flour as you work it. Dough that’s too cold and hard resists rolling and cracks if you try to force it. Press the dough lightly to check its rolling readiness— your fingertips should leave an imprint but shouldn’t easily sink into the dough.\",\n \"Start with the rolling pin in the center of your dough disk. Roll toward 12 o’clock, easing up on the pressure as you near the edge (this keeps the edge from getting too thin). Pick up the pin and return it to center. Roll toward 6 o’clock, as shown at right. Repeat this motion toward 3 and then 9 o’clock, always easing up the pressure near the edges and then picking up the pin rather than rolling it back to center. Continue to roll around the clock, aiming for different “times” (like 1, 7, 4, 10) on each round.\",\n \"Turn the dough and check often for sticking. After each round of the clock, run a bench knife underneath the dough (below left), to make sure it’s not sticking, and reflour the surface if necessary. When you do this, give the dough a quarter turn—most people inevitably use uneven pressure when rolling in one direction versus another, so the occasional turn helps average it out for a more even thickness. Continue to turn and roll until the dough is the right width and thickness (below right).\",\n \"Even dough that’s at the perfect temperature needs a little extra flour to keep it from sticking, but try not to use more than you really need—the more extra flour you work into the dough as you roll it, the drier and tougher the crust will be.\",\n \"Beyond the usual lightly floured countertop, other options for rolling surfaces include a pastry cloth (our current favorite, shown in the photos above, especially when paired with a cloth rolling pin cover), a silicone rolling mat (brand name Roul’Pat, available online at DemarleUSA.com), and sheets of parchment, waxed paper, or plastic wrap. Choose whichever one you like best.\",\n \"Rolling the lamb around the filling means you get some of those bright flavors in just about every bite. For the best flavor, stuff the lamb the day before you...\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to roll out perfect piecrust - Article - FineCooking\\n\\n * Recipes & Menus\\n * How-to\\n * Ingredients\\n * Videos\\n * Magazine\\n * Holidays\\n * Collections\\n * More\\n\\nAdvanced Search\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nFine Cooking\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nSign Up| Login\\n\\n * Recipes & Menus\\n * How-to\\n * Ingredients\\n * Videos\\n * Magazine\\n * Holidays\\n * Collections\\n * More\\n\\nAdvanced Search\\n\\nFine Cooking\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nArticle\\n\\n# How to roll out perfect piecrust\\n\\nBy Jennifer Armentrout Fine Cooking Issue 88\\n\\nPhotos: Scott Phillips\\n\\nSave to Recipe Box\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nAdd Private Note\\n\\nSaved Add to List\\n\\n### Add to List\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nAdd Recipe Note\\n\\n### Most Popular\\n\\n 1. ## Potato Gnocchi Recipe\\n\\n 2. ## Basic Iced Tea\\n\\n 3. ## Classic Tomato Soup Recipe\\n\\n 4. ## Oven-Roasted Eggplant Recipe\\n\\n 5. ## Osso Buco Recipe\\n\\nThere’s no denying it: Piecrusts are one of the hardest things for a home cook\\nto master. When it comes to rolling them out, experience counts for a lot, but\\ngood techniques are crucial, too. Here are some of our best pointers for\\nrolling out lovely, even rounds of dough.\\n\\n### Start with dough at the right temperature\\n\\nIf it’s too warm and soft, it’ll stick like crazy to the rolling pin and the\\nwork surface, forcing you to add too much flour as you work it. Dough that’s\\ntoo cold and hard resists rolling and cracks if you try to force it. Press the\\ndough lightly to check its rolling readiness— your fingertips should leave an\\nimprint but shouldn’t easily sink into the dough.\\n\\n### Roll around the clock\\n\\nStart with the rolling pin in the center of your dough disk. Roll toward 12\\no’clock, easing up on the pressure as you near the edge (this keeps the edge\\nfrom getting too thin). Pick up the pin and return it to center. Roll toward 6\\no’clock, as shown at right. Repeat this motion toward 3 and then 9 o’clock,\\nalways easing up the pressure near the edges and then picking up the pin\\nrather than rolling it back to center. Continue to roll around the clock,\\naiming for different “times” (like 1, 7, 4, 10) on each round.\\n\\nTurn the dough and check often for sticking. After each round of the clock,\\nrun a bench knife underneath the dough (below left), to make sure it’s not\\nsticking, and reflour the surface if necessary. When you do this, give the\\ndough a quarter turn—most people inevitably use uneven pressure when rolling\\nin one direction versus another, so the occasional turn helps average it out\\nfor a more even thickness. Continue to turn and roll until the dough is the\\nright width and thickness (below right).\\n\\n### Go easy on the flour\\n\\nEven dough that’s at the perfect temperature needs a little extra flour to\\nkeep it from sticking, but try not to use more than you really need—the more\\nextra flour you work into the dough as you roll it, the drier and tougher the\\ncrust will be.\\n\\n### Try an alternative rolling surface\\n\\nBeyond the usual lightly floured countertop, other options for rolling\\nsurfaces include a pastry cloth (our current favorite, shown in the photos\\nabove, especially when paired with a cloth rolling pin cover), a silicone\\nrolling mat (brand name Roul’Pat, available online at DemarleUSA.com), and\\nsheets of parchment, waxed paper, or plastic wrap. Choose whichever one you\\nlike best.\\n\\n### Use the fewest possible passes of the rolling pin\\n\\nOverworked dough equals tough crust, so the less you have to work it during\\nrolling, the better.\\n\\n#### Private Notes\\n\\nEdit| Delete\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n### Leave a Comment\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n### Leave A Comment\\n\\nCancel reply\\n\\n# What We're Cooking Now\\n\\n * Collection\\n\\n## 15 Cocktails To Make Summer a Little Cooler\\n\\n * Collection\\n\\n## The 25 Best Burgers On the Block\\n\\n * How-To\\n\\n## How to Make Crostatas\\n\\nBy Domenica Marchetti\\n\\n * Collection\\n\\n## Grocery Shortages? DIY Staples To the Rescue!\\n\\n * Collection\\n\\n## Work-From-Home Lunches\\n\\n * Recipe\\n\\n## Pinsa with Asparagus and Prosciutto\\n\\nBy John Regefalk, Katie Parla\\n\\n * How-To\\n\\n## Grilling Big\\n\\nBy Tony Rosenfeld\\n\\n# Find the inspiration you crave for your love of cooking\\n\\n## Subscribe today and save up to 44%\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nAlready a subscriber? Log in.\\n\\n# Videos\\n\\nView All\\n\\n * Recipe\\n\\n## Apricot-and-Herb-Stuffed Leg of Lamb\\n\\nRolling the lamb around the filling means you get some of those bright flavors\\nin just about every bite. For the best flavor, stuff the lamb the day before\\nyou...\\n\\n * Recipe\\n\\n## Roasted Uncured Ham with Mustard-Herb Crust\\n\\n * Recipe\\n\\n## Personal Pavlovas\\n\\n * Recipe\\n\\n## Cloud Eggs with Spinach Salad\\n\\n * Recipe\\n\\n## Baked Eggs with Spicy Tomato Sauce, Chickpeas, and Mozzarella\\n\\n### Connect\\n\\n#### Follow Fine Cooking on your favorite social networks\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Instagram\\n * YouTube\\n * Twitter\\n\\n# Fine Cooking Magazine\\n\\n * June/July 2020\\n\\n## How to Make Pinsa\\n\\n * View Full Issue\\n * View Issue Archive\\n * Subscribe\\n * Renew\\n\\n * April/May 2020\\n\\n## Spring Vegetables and Seafood, Better Together\\n\\n * February/March 2020\\n\\n## How To Make Whole-Grain Pasta From Scratch\\n\\n * December 2019/January 2020\\n\\n## Rule The Roast\\n\\n### Follow\\n\\n### Newsletter\\n\\n#### Love to cook? Sign up today to get daily recipes and more from Fine\\nCooking plus special offers\\n\\n### Site Links\\n\\n * Recipes & Menus\\n * How-To\\n * Ingredients\\n * Video\\n * Online Archive\\n * Subscribe\\n * Renew\\n * Customer Support\\n * Manage Preferences\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Service\\n * Web Accessibility\\n\\n© Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n * Recipes & Menus\\n * How-To\\n * Ingredients\\n * Videos\\n * Magazine\\n * Holidays\\n * Magazine\\n * Collections\\n\\n * Sign Up\\n * Log In\\n\\n### Follow\\n\\nSubscribe today and save up to 44%\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\n# Double Check\\n\\nDo you really want to delete the list, ?\\n\\nNote\\n\\nThis won't delete the recipes and articles you've saved, just the list.\\n\\n## You must be a registered user to access this feature.\\n\\nPlease log in or create a free account.\\n\\nLog In Sign Up\\n\\nThis feature has been temporarily disabled during the beta site preview.\\n\\nAdd/Edit a private note for this Article\\n\\nThis note is only visible to you.\\n\\nDouble Check\\n\\nAre you sure you want to delete your notes for this recipe?\\n\\nYou must be a magazine subscriber to access this feature.\\n\\nSubscribe today and save up to 44%\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nOr learn more\\n\\nAlready a subscriber?\\n\\nLog in\\n\\n#### We hope you’ve enjoyed your free articles. To keep reading, subscribe\\ntoday.\\n\\nGet the print magazine, 25 years of back issues online, over 7,000 recipes,\\nand more.\\n\\nStart your FREE trial\\n\\nAlready a subscriber? Log in\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200215214934/https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Whether it's fear of overworking the dough, or worries about crimping the crust, too many home cooks avoid learning how to roll out pie dough and crust. But armed with a great dough recipe (like this one!), and the right tips, anyone can nail the perfect summer pie. And once you do, there's no turning back to the pre-made pie pies.\",\n \"Although most pie dough recipes suggest a range when it comes to the water amount, we're a fan of this recipe which uses apple cider vinegar and 1/4 cup ice water to create the ideal moist texture. Mix it in a food processor until the dough just forms, then shape it into a wide, flat disk and let it chill for at least an hour. Resting is key! Allowing time for the gluten to relax and all the water to absorb helps keep the dough pliable.\",\n \"Choose a cool, large surface to roll out your dough. Lightly flour the work surface and rolling pin and working quickly, gently begin to roll the dough from the center outward. Apply even pressure and rotate the dough a quarter turn after every few passes, flipping the dough over occasionally and adding more flour as necessary.\",\n \"If the dough starts to warm up and becomes too difficult to handle, place it on a cutting board or baking sheet and chill for 10 to 15 minutes. Then proceed with rolling it out. The dough should be 1/8\\\" thick and 1\\\" wider than the pie plate. Here's a pro tip on measuring the dough's thickness: stack two quarters next to the dough. That heigh is roughly equivalent to 1/8 of an inch, the Epi Test Kitchen's recommended thickness for pie dough.\",\n \"Once the dough is the correct size—place the pie dish on top to check—use a pastry brush to remove any excess flour.\",\n \"To transfer the dough into the pie dish, generously flour the rolling pin to avoid sticking, then carefully roll the dough around the pin. Starting at the top of the pie dish, slowly unroll it, centering it in the dish.\",\n \"Use the pads of your fingers to gently press the dough into the pie dish. Don't pull or stretch the dough, just let it settle into place. If your kitchen is particularly warm and the dough feels very soft and pliable, stick it in the refrigerator for 10 minutes.\",\n \"When the dough is completely set into the dish and patched, leave 1\\\" of dough hanging over the edge, and trim any excess dough. Tuck the dough under itself to create a thick perimeter border for crimping or finishing as desired.\",\n \"Finish the edges as desired. For any easy design, use a fork to create cross hatches or other designs. For a traditional crimped look, press the index finger of one hand between the index finger and thumb of another to create a fluted texture. When the pie crust is finished, chill at least 30 minutes to set the pie dough.\",\n \"While the crust is chilling, prepare your filling. Just before baking, you can also brush the crust with egg wash and coarse sugar to given it extra shine. Bake the pie according to whatever recipe you're making.\",\n \"Now that you know how to roll out pie dough and crust like a baking pro, do it every day! Do it every which way! Peach pie! Blueberry pie! Strawberry pie! Tomato pie! The world of pie is your oyster!\",\n \"Since 1995, Epicurious has been the ultimate food resource for the home cook, with daily kitchen tips, fun cooking videos, and, oh yeah, over 33,000 recipes.\",\n \"© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Epicurious may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust | Epicurious\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nHow to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust\\n\\nMore\\n\\nSign In\\n\\nSearch\\n\\n * Recipes & Menus\\n * Expert Advice\\n * Ingredients\\n * Holidays & Events\\n * Video\\n\\nPie\\n\\n# How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust\\n\\nIt's pie season! Here's your guide to rolling that dough out right.\\n\\nBy Katherine Sacks\\n\\nJune 9, 2017\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\nWhether it's fear of overworking the dough, or worries about crimping the\\ncrust, too many home cooks avoid learning how to roll out pie dough and crust.\\nBut armed with a great dough recipe (like this one!), and the right tips,\\nanyone can nail the perfect summer pie. And once you do, there's no turning\\nback to the pre-made pie pies.\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\n## 1\\\\. Start With The Right Dough\\n\\nAlthough most pie dough recipes suggest a range when it comes to the water\\namount, we're a fan of this recipe which uses apple cider vinegar and 1/4 cup\\nice water to create the ideal moist texture. Mix it in a food processor until\\nthe dough just forms, then shape it into a wide, flat disk and let it chill\\nfor at least an hour. Resting is key! Allowing time for the gluten to relax\\nand all the water to absorb helps keep the dough pliable.\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\n## 2\\\\. Gently Roll it Out\\n\\nChoose a cool, large surface to roll out your dough. Lightly flour the work\\nsurface and rolling pin and working quickly, gently begin to roll the dough\\nfrom the center outward. Apply even pressure and rotate the dough a quarter\\nturn after every few passes, flipping the dough over occasionally and adding\\nmore flour as necessary.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\n## 3\\\\. Brush It Off\\n\\nIf the dough starts to warm up and becomes too difficult to handle, place it\\non a cutting board or baking sheet and chill for 10 to 15 minutes. Then\\nproceed with rolling it out. The dough should be 1/8\\\" thick and 1\\\" wider than\\nthe pie plate. Here's a pro tip on measuring the dough's thickness: stack two\\nquarters next to the dough. That heigh is roughly equivalent to 1/8 of an\\ninch, the Epi Test Kitchen's recommended thickness for pie dough.\\n\\nOnce the dough is the correct size—place the pie dish on top to check—use a\\npastry brush to remove any excess flour.\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\n## 4\\\\. Roll It Up\\n\\nTo transfer the dough into the pie dish, generously flour the rolling pin to\\navoid sticking, then carefully roll the dough around the pin. Starting at the\\ntop of the pie dish, slowly unroll it, centering it in the dish.\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\n## 5\\\\. Press It In\\n\\nUse the pads of your fingers to gently press the dough into the pie dish.\\nDon't pull or stretch the dough, just let it settle into place. If your\\nkitchen is particularly warm and the dough feels very soft and pliable, stick\\nit in the refrigerator for 10 minutes.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## 6\\\\. Patch It\\n\\nIf any tears or holes form, patch them with extra scraps of dough.\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\n## 7\\\\. Trim It\\n\\nWhen the dough is completely set into the dish and patched, leave 1\\\" of dough\\nhanging over the edge, and trim any excess dough. Tuck the dough under itself\\nto create a thick perimeter border for crimping or finishing as desired.\\n\\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\\n\\n## 8\\\\. Crimp the Crust\\n\\nFinish the edges as desired. For any easy design, use a fork to create cross\\nhatches or other designs. For a traditional crimped look, press the index\\nfinger of one hand between the index finger and thumb of another to create a\\nfluted texture. When the pie crust is finished, chill at least 30 minutes to\\nset the pie dough.\\n\\n## 9\\\\. Fill and Bake\\n\\nWhile the crust is chilling, prepare your filling. Just before baking, you can\\nalso brush the crust with egg wash and coarse sugar to given it extra shine.\\nBake the pie according to whatever recipe you're making.\\n\\nNow that you know how to roll out pie dough and crust like a baking pro, do it\\nevery day! Do it every which way! Peach pie! Blueberry pie! Strawberry pie!\\nTomato pie! The world of pie is your oyster!\\n\\nTagsPieHow ToSummerFruitBake\\n\\nSince 1995, Epicurious has been the ultimate food resource for the home cook,\\nwith daily kitchen tips, fun cooking videos, and, oh yeah, over 33,000\\nrecipes.\\n\\n© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and\\nCookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights.\\nEpicurious may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased\\nthrough our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The\\nmaterial on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached\\nor otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad\\nChoices\\n\\nFood Innovation Group\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200511065515/https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Rolling out pastry\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Pick up the just-made pastry and shape it to match the tin. Some people prefer to chill the pastry but it is fine to use just-made.\",\n \"Lightly flour the rolling pin and start to roll. Keep rolling and turning the pastry until it’s 3mm thick. (If you tear it, just press it back together with your fingertips.)\",\n \"Press it into the corners of the tin from the top down, pushing it into the grooves on the side of the tin.\",\n \"Pinch off any excess pastry, leaving 5mm extra above the tin to allow for shrinkage during cooking. Some people like to use a knife to trim off the excess but using your fingers works best.\",\n \"Copyright © 2020 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Rolling out pastry - BBC Food\\n\\nHomepage\\n\\n## Accessibility links\\n\\n * Skip to content\\n * Accessibility Help\\n\\nBBC Account\\n\\nNotifications\\n\\nSearch\\n\\nFood\\n\\n# Rolling out pastry\\n\\n## Skill level\\n\\nEasy\\n\\n## Equipment you will need for this technique\\n\\nRolling pin\\n\\nPrepared tin\\n\\nGet even results when rolling out pastry with our short video taking you\\nthrough the steps.\\n\\nLightly dust the work surface with flour.\\n\\nPick up the just-made pastry and shape it to match the tin. Some people prefer\\nto chill the pastry but it is fine to use just-made.\\n\\nLightly flour the rolling pin and start to roll. Keep rolling and turning the\\npastry until it’s 3mm thick. (If you tear it, just press it back together with\\nyour fingertips.)\\n\\nLift the pastry onto the rolling pin and drape it over the tin.\\n\\nPress it into the corners of the tin from the top down, pushing it into the\\ngrooves on the side of the tin.\\n\\nPinch off any excess pastry, leaving 5mm extra above the tin to allow for\\nshrinkage during cooking. Some people like to use a knife to trim off the\\nexcess but using your fingers works best.\\n\\nIf baking blind, prick the base of the case all over with a fork.\\n\\nChill the pastry case for at least 30 minutes before cooking.\\n\\nIf baking blind, line the pastry case with baking paper and fill with baking\\nbeans.\\n\\n## Recipes using this technique\\n\\nFeaturedAll\\n\\n### Apricot and almond tart with brown bread and banana ice cream\\n\\nby Jack Monroe\\n\\nDesserts\\n\\n### Vegan pastry\\n\\nby Justine Pattison\\n\\nCakes and baking\\n\\n### Gluten-free quiche\\n\\nby Annie Rigg\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Easter spinach pie (torta pasquale)\\n\\nby Gennaro Contaldo\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Mini beef Wellingtons\\n\\nby Martha Collison\\n\\nStarters & nibbles\\n\\n### Celebration celeriac and sweet garlic pie\\n\\nby Anna Jones\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Mini chestnut, apple and spinach Wellingtons\\n\\nby Lorraine Pascale\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Mincemeat and marzipan tart\\n\\nby Mary Berry\\n\\nCakes and baking\\n\\n### Proper apple pie\\n\\nby Mary Henry\\n\\nDesserts\\n\\n### Perfect apple pie\\n\\nby The Hairy Bikers\\n\\nCakes and baking\\n\\n### Snowman Christmas cookies\\n\\nby Jayne Cross\\n\\nCakes and baking\\n\\n### Homemade mince pies\\n\\nby Thane Prince\\n\\nCakes and baking\\n\\n### Salmon en croûte\\n\\nby Nigel Slater\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Chicken and bacon pie\\n\\nby Mary Berry\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Quiche Lorraine\\n\\nby James Martin\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Steak and kidney pudding\\n\\nby The Hairy Bikers\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Easy Bakewell tart\\n\\nby Mary Berry\\n\\nCakes and baking\\n\\n### Lemon meringue pie\\n\\nby Mary Berry\\n\\nDesserts\\n\\n### French apple tart\\n\\nby Michel Roux Jr.\\n\\nDesserts\\n\\n### Feather-topped Bakewell tart\\n\\nby Mary Berry\\n\\nCakes and baking\\n\\n### Potato and butter pie with mushroom gravy and wilted spinach\\n\\nby The Hairy Bikers\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Steak and kidney pie\\n\\nby Antony Worrall Thompson\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Mushroom and ale pie\\n\\nby Justine Pattison\\n\\nMain course\\n\\n### Traditional chicken pie\\n\\nby Elaine Wilson\\n\\nMain course\\n\\nFAQs about BBC Food\\n\\n## Find us here\\n\\n## Explore the BBC\\n\\n * Home\\n * News\\n * Sport\\n * Weather\\n * iPlayer\\n * Sounds\\n * CBBC\\n * CBeebies\\n * Food\\n * Bitesize\\n * Arts\\n * Taster\\n * Local\\n * Three\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * About the BBC\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Cookies\\n * Accessibility Help\\n * Parental Guidance\\n * Contact the BBC\\n * Get Personalised Newsletters\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\\nsites. Read about our approach to external linking.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":374,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":124661,"string":"124,661"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Deal With Car Sickness"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To deal with car sickness, get some fresh air by opening a window or stopping the car briefly so you can get out and walk around for a few minutes. If you're unable to stop, close your eyes or otherwise block your view of motion outside the car. You can also try munching on something dry, like crackers or bread, to alleviate symptoms."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20150511010737/http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6","http://web.archive.org/web/20160814080752/http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20150306102047/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110","http://web.archive.org/web/20170317151247/https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness","http://web.archive.org/web/20210511230137/https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20210225063736/https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150511010737/http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160814080752/http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150306102047/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170317151247/https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511230137/https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225063736/https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1437,"string":"1,437"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150511010737/http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6","parsed_text":{"title":"Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan • Explore Integrative Medicine","passages":["Nei Guan (P6 or PC6) is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach, motion sickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches. Nei Guan (P6) is located three finger breadths below the wrist on the inner forearm in between the two tendons. To find and use this acupressure point, (1) locate the point by turning your hands over so the palm is facing up then (2) apply downward pressure between the two tendons, massaging and stimulating the area for 4-5 seconds.","It is cited in many research studies that the stimulation of Nei Guan (P6) alleviates nausea and vomiting in pregnancy[1] and also helps prevent post- operative nausea and vomiting [2]. The Journal of Autonomic Neuroscience also published an article that showed P6 and Zu San Li (ST36) have a combined, synergistic effect on gastrointestinal motility [3]. In another study, Nei Guan has also been shown to help alleviate intractable hiccups [4].","Werntoft E, Dykes AK. Effect of acupressure on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. A randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study. J Reprod Med. 2001 Sep;46(9):835-9.","Nunley C, Wakim J, Guinn C J. The effects of stimulation of acupressure point p6 on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review of literature Perianesth Nurs. 2008 Aug;23(4):247-61.","Chang CC, et al. Resolution of intractable hiccups after near-infrared irradiation of relevant acupoints. American Journal of Medical Science. 2006 Aug; 332 (2):93-6."]},"parsed_md":"Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan • Explore Integrative Medicine\n\n * Learn all the ways you can help Explore IM\n * Contribute\n\n * Home\n * Topics\n * Research\n * News & Events\n * Multimedia\n * Resources\n\n### Chinese Medicine\n\n## Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan\n\nNei Guan is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach, motion\nsickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches\n\nNei Guan (P6 or PC6) is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach,\nmotion sickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches. Nei Guan (P6) is\nlocated three finger breadths below the wrist on the inner forearm in between\nthe two tendons. To find and use this acupressure point, (1) locate the point\nby turning your hands over so the palm is facing up then (2) apply downward\npressure between the two tendons, massaging and stimulating the area for 4-5\nseconds.\n\nThe point is located at the medial aspect of the hand.\n\nFour-finger space below the wrist.\n\nLocated in the depression between the tendons.\n\nApply pressure and massage for 4-5 seconds.\n\nIt is cited in many research studies that the stimulation of Nei Guan (P6)\nalleviates nausea and vomiting in pregnancy[1] and also helps prevent post-\noperative nausea and vomiting [2]. The Journal of Autonomic Neuroscience also\npublished an article that showed P6 and Zu San Li (ST36) have a combined,\nsynergistic effect on gastrointestinal motility [3]. In another study, Nei\nGuan has also been shown to help alleviate intractable hiccups [4].\n\nReferences\n\n 1. Werntoft E, Dykes AK. Effect of acupressure on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. A randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study. J Reprod Med. 2001 Sep;46(9):835-9.\n 2. Nunley C, Wakim J, Guinn C J. The effects of stimulation of acupressure point p6 on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review of literature Perianesth Nurs. 2008 Aug;23(4):247-61.\n 3. Yin J, Chen JD. Gastrointestinal motility disorders and acupuncture. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):31-7. Epub 2010 Apr 3.\n 4. Chang CC, et al. Resolution of intractable hiccups after near-infrared irradiation of relevant acupoints. American Journal of Medical Science. 2006 Aug; 332 (2):93-6.\n\n### Featured Multimedia\n\n * Three Leaders in Integrative Medicine - Part 1: Definition\n\nSign up to receive our e-mail updates\n\n### More Content in Chinese Medicine\n\n * How to Bridge Traditional Chinese and Western Medicines\n * Acupressure Point GB20: Gallbladder 20 or Feng Chi (Wind Pool)\n * Using Chinese Herbal Medicine for Hypoglycemic Research\n\n### Explore a Topic\n\n * Chinese Medicine\n\nAcupuncture, acupressure, and massage, along with issues facing TCM\ntranslations and development in the U.S. and worldwide.\n\n * About Explore IM\n * RSS Feed\n\n * Brought to you by UCLA Center for East-West Medicine\n * Copyright © 2015 UC Regents\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160814080752/http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide","passages":["The premier resource for timely, trustworthy information on natural health and wellness, based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D.","Created by Andrew Weil, M.D., the all-new Weil Vitamin Advisor is an exclusive online tool that asks questions about your diet and lifestyle, then uses your answers to create a customized supplement plan.","Based on his bestseller Healthy Aging, this online program created by Andrew Weil, M.D., features the Anti-Inflammatory Diet and tips on exercise, stress reduction and much more. Subscribe to enjoy optimal physical and mental health at any age.","This collection of simple, natural strategies and tools is based on the bestselling book Spontaneous Happiness by Andrew Weil, M.D. Subscribe to achieve optimal emotional well-being!","A wide selection of supplement packs designed by Drs. Andrew Weil and Tieraona Low Dog that can help you meet health goals including better sleep, digestion, energy and focus.","What is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in response to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary from mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.","What are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a feeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like feeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often includes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may become pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold sweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying of its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that continuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become intense and completely prevent normal functioning.","There is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some people are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots term these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation effect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion sickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the symptoms less severe, or even vanish.","What are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the body, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement such as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel turbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the motion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the movement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see only the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in reverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see movement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system (sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a central role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch) and visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in space.","What is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications commonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines. Anticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the parasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system) coming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness by influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.","Scopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed behind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally. For best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is typically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be taken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours. It tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is therefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch is put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry mouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a increased heart rate.","Antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) and cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine (Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion sickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and feeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less sedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.","Because the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of drowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive effect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these medications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central nervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous system should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to their doctor.","What therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to prevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what your inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front seat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least likely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head still by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a cabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as much time as possible on deck watching the horizon.","Dr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with great success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese fisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea. They have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces of the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow package directions carefully.","Another useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective than Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing drowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass of water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of powdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger candy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea caused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains ginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.","Finally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with motion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their queasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also, direct their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and make sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of objects is less.","Copyright © 2016 Weil Lifestyle Information on this web site is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice provided by your physician or other healthcare professional. You should not use the information on this web site for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment.","This Site and third parties who place advertisements on this Site may collect and use information about your visits to this Site and other websites in order to provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you. If you would like to obtain more information about these advertising practices and to make choices about online behavioral advertising, please click here","What is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in response to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary from mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.","What are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a feeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like feeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often includes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may become pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold sweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying of its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that continuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become intense and completely prevent normal functioning.","There is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some people are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots term these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation effect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion sickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the symptoms less severe, or even vanish.","What are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the body, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement such as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel turbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the motion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the movement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see only the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in reverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see movement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system (sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a central role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch) and visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in space.","What is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications commonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines. Anticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the parasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system) coming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness by influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.","Scopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed behind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally. For best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is typically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be taken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours. It tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is therefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch is put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry mouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a increased heart rate.","Antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) and cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine (Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion sickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and feeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less sedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.","Because the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of drowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive effect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these medications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central nervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous system should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to their doctor.","What therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to prevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what your inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front seat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least likely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head still by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a cabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as much time as possible on deck watching the horizon.","Dr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with great success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese fisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea. They have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces of the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow package directions carefully.","Another useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective than Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing drowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass of water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of powdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger candy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea caused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains ginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.","Finally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with motion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their queasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also, direct their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and make sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of objects is less."]},"parsed_md":"Motion Sickness - Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide\n\n * DrWeil.com\n\n * The premier resource for timely, trustworthy information on natural health and wellness, based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D. \n--- \n * Weil Vitamin Advisor\n\n * Created by Andrew Weil, M.D., the all-new Weil Vitamin Advisor is an exclusive online tool that asks questions about your diet and lifestyle, then uses your answers to create a customized supplement plan. \n--- \n * Healthy Aging\n\n * Based on his bestseller Healthy Aging, this online program created by Andrew Weil, M.D., features the Anti-Inflammatory Diet and tips on exercise, stress reduction and much more. Subscribe to enjoy optimal physical and mental health at any age. \n--- \n * Spontaneous Happiness\n\n * This collection of simple, natural strategies and tools is based on the bestselling book Spontaneous Happiness by Andrew Weil, M.D. Subscribe to achieve optimal emotional well-being! \n--- \n * Vitamin Packs\n\n * A wide selection of supplement packs designed by Drs. Andrew Weil and Tieraona Low Dog that can help you meet health goals including better sleep, digestion, energy and focus. \n--- \n * Marketplace\n\n * A selection of products approved by Andrew Weil, M.D. that can help promote a healthy body, mind and spirit. \n--- \n * Dr. Weil's Blog\n\n * Based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D., DrWeilBlog.com offers simple, easily implemented advice on healthy living daily. \n--- \n\nadvertisement\n\n|\n\nRegister | Sign In\n\n|\n\nSign Up For Dr. Weil's Free Newsletters \n \n---|--- \n \n * Condition Care Guide\n * Aging Gracefully\n * Bone & Joint\n * Cancer\n * Colds & Flu\n * Diabetes\n * Gastrointestinal\n * Heart Health\n * Mental Health\n * Men's Health\n * Women's Health\n * Children's Health\n\nadvertisement\n\n| |\n\n## Condition Care Guide\n\n| Print this page || Sign up for free e-bulletins \n---|--- \n \n| Bookmark This Page \n \n# Motion Sickness\n\nWhat is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives\nconflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in\nresponse to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary\nfrom mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\n\nWhat are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a\nfeeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like\nfeeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often\nincludes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may\nbecome pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold\nsweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying\nof its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that\ncontinuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become\nintense and completely prevent normal functioning.\n\nThere is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some\npeople are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots\nterm these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation\neffect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion\nsickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the\nsymptoms less severe, or even vanish.\n\nWhat are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the\nbody, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement\nsuch as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel\nturbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the\nmotion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the\nmovement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see\nonly the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in\nreverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see\nmovement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system\n(sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a\ncentral role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch)\nand visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in\nspace.\n\nWhat is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications\ncommonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines.\nAnticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the\nparasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system)\ncoming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness\nby influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\n\nScopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed\nbehind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally.\nFor best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is\ntypically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be\ntaken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours.\nIt tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is\ntherefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch\nis put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry\nmouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a\nincreased heart rate.\n\nAntihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)\nand cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine\n(Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion\nsickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and\nfeeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less\nsedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\n\nBecause the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of\ndrowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive\neffect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these\nmedications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central\nnervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous\nsystem should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to\ntheir doctor.\n\nWhat therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to\nprevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what\nyour inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front\nseat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least\nlikely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head\nstill by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a\ncabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as\nmuch time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\n\nDr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with\ngreat success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese\nfisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea.\nThey have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces\nof the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow\npackage directions carefully.\n\nAnother useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective\nthan Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing\ndrowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass\nof water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of\npowdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger\ncandy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea\ncaused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains\nginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\n\nFinally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with\nmotion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their\nqueasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also,\ndirect their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and\nmake sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of\nobjects is less.\n\n|\n\nThe Weil Vitamin Advisor Get your FREE personalized vitamin recommendation &\nsupplement plan today!\n\nDr. Weil on Healthy Aging Follow Dr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet and save\n30%. Start your 14-day free trial now!\n\nStay Connected with Dr. Weil Promote the health of your body, mind and spirit\n- sign up for Dr. Weil's FREE newsletters today!\n\nadvertisement\n\nVitamin Library Supplement your knowledge with Dr. Weil's essential vitamin\nfacts. Learn why they are necessary and more.\n\nDr. Weil's Head-to-Toe Wellness Guide Your guide to natural health. Use the\nWellness Guide today!\n\nDr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet Food Pyramid Our interactive tool can help\nimprove overall health through diet.\n\nadvertisement \n \n * Sitemap\n * About Us\n * Press Information\n * Advertising\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\nadvertisement\n\nCopyright © 2016 Weil Lifestyle Information on this web site is provided for\ninformational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice\nprovided by your physician or other healthcare professional. You should not\nuse the information on this web site for diagnosing or treating a health\nproblem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment.\n\nAdvertising Notice\n\nThis Site and third parties who place advertisements on this Site may collect\nand use information about your visits to this Site and other websites in order\nto provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you. If you\nwould like to obtain more information about these advertising practices and to\nmake choices about online behavioral advertising, please click here \n \n * Get your FREE, personalized vitamin recommendation. START NOW\n * HOME\n * VIDEOS & FEATURES\n\n * Videos & Features\n * Videos\n * Photo Galleries\n * Anti-Inflammatory Diet & Pyramid\n * Head-to-Toe Wellness Guide\n * Flipbooks (Online Magazines)\n * Tools & Quizzes\n * ASK DR. WEIL\n\n * Ask Dr. Weil\n * Today ́s Q&A\n * Ask Your Question\n * Q&A Library\n * HEALTH CENTERS\n\n * Health Centers\n * Aging Gracefully\n * Bone & Joint\n * Cancer\n * Colds & Flu\n * Diabetes\n * Gastrointestinal Health\n * Heart Health\n * Mental Health\n * Men ́s Health\n * Women ́s Health\n * Children ́s Health\n * Condition Care Guide\n * SUPPLEMENTS & HERBS\n\n * Supplements & Herbs\n * Vitamin Library\n * Weil Vitamin Advisor\n * Herbs\n * Remedies\n * BALANCED LIVING\n\n * Balanced Living\n * Meet Andrew Weil, M.D.\n * Where Is Dr. Weil?\n * Cooking & Recipes\n * Gardening\n * Healthy Home\n * Personal Care\n * Exercise and Fitness\n * Spirit and Inspiration\n * Pets & Pet Care\n * Wellness Therapies\n\n## Condition Care Guide\n\n# Motion Sickness\n\nWhat is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives\nconflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in\nresponse to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary\nfrom mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\n\nWhat are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a\nfeeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like\nfeeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often\nincludes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may\nbecome pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold\nsweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying\nof its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that\ncontinuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become\nintense and completely prevent normal functioning.\n\nThere is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some\npeople are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots\nterm these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation\neffect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion\nsickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the\nsymptoms less severe, or even vanish.\n\nWhat are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the\nbody, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement\nsuch as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel\nturbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the\nmotion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the\nmovement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see\nonly the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in\nreverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see\nmovement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system\n(sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a\ncentral role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch)\nand visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in\nspace.\n\nWhat is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications\ncommonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines.\nAnticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the\nparasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system)\ncoming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness\nby influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\n\nScopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed\nbehind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally.\nFor best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is\ntypically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be\ntaken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours.\nIt tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is\ntherefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch\nis put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry\nmouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a\nincreased heart rate.\n\nAntihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)\nand cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine\n(Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion\nsickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and\nfeeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less\nsedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\n\nBecause the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of\ndrowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive\neffect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these\nmedications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central\nnervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous\nsystem should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to\ntheir doctor.\n\nWhat therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to\nprevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what\nyour inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front\nseat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least\nlikely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head\nstill by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a\ncabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as\nmuch time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\n\nDr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with\ngreat success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese\nfisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea.\nThey have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces\nof the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow\npackage directions carefully.\n\nAnother useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective\nthan Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing\ndrowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass\nof water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of\npowdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger\ncandy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea\ncaused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains\nginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\n\nFinally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with\nmotion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their\nqueasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also,\ndirect their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and\nmake sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of\nobjects is less.\n\nadvertisement\n\nSitemap | About Us | Press Information | Advertising | Contact Us | Terms of\nUse | Privacy Policy\n\nAsk Dr. Weil Ask Dr. Weil Home Today's Q&A Ask Your Question Q&A Library Top\n50 Most Popular Q&As\n\nHealth Centers Health Centers Home Condition Care Guide Aging Gracefully Bone\n& Joint Health Cancer Colds & Flu Diabetes Gastrointestinal Health Heart\nHealth Mental Health Men's Health Women's Health Children's Health\n\nSupplements & Herbs Supplements & Herbs Home Vitamin Library Herbs Remedies\n\nDr. Weil's Balanced Living Balanced Living Home Meet Andrew Weil Dr. Weil\nEvent Calendar The Healthy Kitchen Recipes Gardening Healthy Home Personal\nCare Exercise & Fitness Spirit & Inspiration Pets & Pet Care Wellness\nTherapies\n\nVideos & Features Videos & Features Home Videos Photo Galleries Anti-\nInflammatory Food Pyramid Head to Toe Wellness Guide Flipbooks (Online\nMagazines) e-Newsletter Sign-Up\n\nAbout Weil Lifestyle About Us LinkedIn Weil Foundation Science Advisory Board\nExperts Like-Minded Practitioners Licensees Commercial Friends Organizations &\nNonprofits Dr. Weil's Health Network Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine\n\nSocial Networking Dr. Weil's Daily Blog Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Flickr\nYouTube Vimeo Pinterest About Me Dr. Weil on the Huffington Post\n\nDr. Weil Product Sites Dr. Weil Products Vitamin Advisor Spontaneous Happiness\nDr Weil on Healthy Aging Dr. Weil's 8 Week Plan Weil Information (print order\nsite)\n\nContact Us Contact e-Newsletter Sign-Up Member Account Page\n\nDrWeil.com Policies Advertising Policy Privacy Policy Terms of Use\n\nMedia Information For the Press Press Releases Fact Sheet Advertising Kit\n(pdf) Dr. Weil Events Media Requests\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150306102047/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110","parsed_text":{"title":"The effect of smoking nicotine tobacco versus smoking deprivation o...","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"The effect of smoking nicotine tobacco versus smoking deprivation o... -\nPubMed - NCBI\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170317151247/https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness","parsed_text":{"title":"Motion Sickness - Chapter 2 - 2016 Yellow Book","passages":["Skip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to page options Skip directly to site content","Motion sickness is the term attributed to physiologic responses of the body to motion by sea, car, train or air. Given sufficient stimulus all people with functional vestibular systems can develop motion sickness. However, people vary in their susceptibility. Risk factors include the following:","MEDICATION CLASS| EXAMPLES ---|--- Antibiotics| Azithromycin, metronidazole, erythromycin, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole Antiparasitics| Albendazole, thiabendazole, iodoquinol, chloroquine, mefloquine Estrogens| Oral contraceptives, estradiol Cardiovascular| Digoxin, levodopa Narcotic analgesics| Codeine, morphine, meperidine Nonsteroidal analgesics| Ibuprophen, naproxen, indomethacin Antidepressants| Fluoxetine, paroxitene, sertraline Asthma medication| Aminophylline Bisphosphonates| Alendronate sodium, ibandronate sodium, risedronate sodium","Nonpharmacologic treatments for preventing and treating motion sickness can be effective with few adverse side effects (see Prevention below). However, these measures can be time-consuming and unpleasant for travelers. Many patients will prefer medication. A primary side effect of most efficacious medications used for motion sickness is drowsiness, along with other drug-specific side effects. Some medications may interfere with or delay acclimation to the offending movement. Because gastric stasis can occur with motion sickness, parenteral delivery may be advantageous.","Antihistamines are the most frequently used and widely available medications for motion sickness; non-sedating ones appear to be less effective. Antihistamines commonly used for motion sickness include cinnarizine (not currently available in the United States), cyclizine, dimenhydrinate, meclizine, and promethazine (oral and suppository). Other common medications used to treat motion sickness are scopolamine (hyoscine, oral and transdermal), antidopaminergic drugs (such as prochlorperazine), metoclopramide, sympathomimetics, and benzodiazepines. Clinical trials have not shown that ondansetron, a drug commonly used as an antiemetic in cancer patients, is effective in the prevention of nausea associated with motion sickness.","When recommending any of these medications to travelers, providers should make sure that patients understand the risks and benefits, possible undesirable side effects, and potential drug interactions. Travelers may consider trying the medication before travel to see what effect it has on them.","For children aged 2–12 years, dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), 1–1.5 mg/kg per dose, or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 0.5–1 mg/kg per dose up to 25 mg, can be given 1 hour before travel and every 6 hours during the trip. Because some children have paradoxical agitation with these medicines, a test dose should be given at home before departure.","Antihistamines are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat motion sickness in children. Caregivers should be reminded to always ask a physician, pharmacist, or other clinician if they have any questions about how to use or dose antihistamines in children before they administer the medication. Oversedation of young children with antihistamines can be life- threatening.","Scopolamine can cause dangerous adverse effects in children and should not be used; prochlorperazine and metoclopramide should be used with caution in children.","Drugs with the most safety data regarding the treatment of the nausea of pregnancy are the logical first choice. Alphabetical scoring of the safety of medications in pregnancy may not be helpful, and clinicians should review the actual safety data or call the patient’s obstetric provider for suggestions. Web-based information may be found at the websites www.Motherisk.org and www.Reprotox.org.","Optimizing position to reduce motion or motion perception—for example, driving a vehicle instead of riding in it, sitting in the front seat of a car or bus, or sitting over the wing of an aircraft.","Adding distractions—listening to music or using aromatherapy scents such as mint or lavender. Flavored lozenges may also help, in particular ginger-flavored. Lozenges may also function as distractions or, in the case of ginger, may hasten gastric emptying.","Using acupressure or magnets is advocated by some to prevent or treat nausea, although scientific data on efficacy of these interventions for preventing motion sickness are equivocal."]},"parsed_md":"Motion Sickness - Chapter 2 - 2016 Yellow Book | Travelers' Health | CDC\n\nSkip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to page\noptions Skip directly to site content\n\nStart of Search Controls\n\nCDC A-Z Index\n\n * MENU\n * CDC A-Z\n * SEARCH\n\n * A\n * B\n * C\n * D\n * E\n * F\n * G\n * H\n * I\n * J\n * K\n * L\n * M\n * N\n * O\n * P\n * Q\n * R\n * S\n * T\n * U\n * V\n * W\n * X\n * Y\n * Z\n * #\n\nStart of Search Controls\n\n## Travelers' Health\n\n# Chapter 2 The Pre-Travel Consultation Self-Treatable Conditions\n\nRecommend on Facebook Tweet ShareCompartir\n\n * Chapter 2 - Jet Lag\n * Chapter 2 - Respiratory Infections\n\n## Motion Sickness\n\nStefanie K. Erskine\n\n### RISK FOR TRAVELERS\n\nMotion sickness is the term attributed to physiologic responses of the body to\nmotion by sea, car, train or air. Given sufficient stimulus all people with\nfunctional vestibular systems can develop motion sickness. However, people\nvary in their susceptibility. Risk factors include the following:\n\n * Age—children aged 2–12 years are especially susceptible, but infants and toddlers are generally immune.\n * Sex—women are more likely to have motion sickness, especially when pregnant, menstruating, or on hormones.\n * Migraines—people who get migraine headaches are more prone to motion sickness, especially during a migraine.\n * Medication—some prescriptions can worsen the nausea of motion sickness (Table 2-08).\n\n### Table 2-08. Medications that may increase nausea\n\nMEDICATION CLASS| EXAMPLES \n---|--- \nAntibiotics| Azithromycin, metronidazole, erythromycin, trimethoprim-\nsulfamethoxazole \nAntiparasitics| Albendazole, thiabendazole, iodoquinol, chloroquine,\nmefloquine \nEstrogens| Oral contraceptives, estradiol \nCardiovascular| Digoxin, levodopa \nNarcotic analgesics| Codeine, morphine, meperidine \nNonsteroidal analgesics| Ibuprophen, naproxen, indomethacin \nAntidepressants| Fluoxetine, paroxitene, sertraline \nAsthma medication| Aminophylline \nBisphosphonates| Alendronate sodium, ibandronate sodium, risedronate sodium \n \n### TREATMENT\n\nNonpharmacologic treatments for preventing and treating motion sickness can be\neffective with few adverse side effects (see Prevention below). However, these\nmeasures can be time-consuming and unpleasant for travelers. Many patients\nwill prefer medication. A primary side effect of most efficacious medications\nused for motion sickness is drowsiness, along with other drug-specific side\neffects. Some medications may interfere with or delay acclimation to the\noffending movement. Because gastric stasis can occur with motion sickness,\nparenteral delivery may be advantageous.\n\nAntihistamines are the most frequently used and widely available medications\nfor motion sickness; non-sedating ones appear to be less effective.\nAntihistamines commonly used for motion sickness include cinnarizine (not\ncurrently available in the United States), cyclizine, dimenhydrinate,\nmeclizine, and promethazine (oral and suppository). Other common medications\nused to treat motion sickness are scopolamine (hyoscine, oral and\ntransdermal), antidopaminergic drugs (such as prochlorperazine),\nmetoclopramide, sympathomimetics, and benzodiazepines. Clinical trials have\nnot shown that ondansetron, a drug commonly used as an antiemetic in cancer\npatients, is effective in the prevention of nausea associated with motion\nsickness.\n\nWhen recommending any of these medications to travelers, providers should make\nsure that patients understand the risks and benefits, possible undesirable\nside effects, and potential drug interactions. Travelers may consider trying\nthe medication before travel to see what effect it has on them.\n\n#### Medications in Children\n\nFor children aged 2–12 years, dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), 1–1.5 mg/kg per\ndose, or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 0.5–1 mg/kg per dose up to 25 mg, can be\ngiven 1 hour before travel and every 6 hours during the trip. Because some\nchildren have paradoxical agitation with these medicines, a test dose should\nbe given at home before departure.\n\nAntihistamines are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat\nmotion sickness in children. Caregivers should be reminded to always ask a\nphysician, pharmacist, or other clinician if they have any questions about how\nto use or dose antihistamines in children before they administer the\nmedication. Oversedation of young children with antihistamines can be life-\nthreatening.\n\nScopolamine can cause dangerous adverse effects in children and should not be\nused; prochlorperazine and metoclopramide should be used with caution in\nchildren.\n\n#### Medications in Pregnancy\n\nDrugs with the most safety data regarding the treatment of the nausea of\npregnancy are the logical first choice. Alphabetical scoring of the safety of\nmedications in pregnancy may not be helpful, and clinicians should review the\nactual safety data or call the patient’s obstetric provider for suggestions.\nWeb-based information may be found at the websites www.Motherisk.org and\nwww.Reprotox.org.\n\n### PREVENTION\n\nNonpharmacologic interventions to prevent or treat motion sickness include the\nfollowing:\n\n * Being aware of and avoiding situations that tend to trigger symptoms.\n * Optimizing position to reduce motion or motion perception—for example, driving a vehicle instead of riding in it, sitting in the front seat of a car or bus, or sitting over the wing of an aircraft.\n * Reducing sensory input—lying prone, shutting eyes, or looking at the horizon.\n * Maintaining hydration by drinking water, eating small meals frequently, and limiting alcoholic and caffeinated beverages.\n * Adding distractions—listening to music or using aromatherapy scents such as mint or lavender. Flavored lozenges may also help, in particular ginger-flavored. Lozenges may also function as distractions or, in the case of ginger, may hasten gastric emptying.\n * Using acupressure or magnets is advocated by some to prevent or treat nausea, although scientific data on efficacy of these interventions for preventing motion sickness are equivocal.\n\n### BIBLIOGRAPHY\n\n 1. Murdin L, Golding J, Bronstein A. Managing motion sickness. BMJ. 2011;343:d7430.\n 2. Priesol AJ. Motion Sickness. Deschler DG, editor. Waltham MA: UpToDate; 2012.\n 3. Shupak A, Gordon CR. Motion sickness: advances in pathogenesis, prediction, prevention, and treatment. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006 Dec;77(12):1213–23.\n 4. Takeda N, Morita M, Horii A, Nishiike S, Kitahara T, Uno A. Neural mechanisms of motion sickness. J Med Invest. 2001 Feb;48(1–2):44–59.\n\n * Chapter 2 - Jet Lag\n * Chapter 2 - Respiratory Infections\n\n##### File Formats Help:\n\nHow do I view different file formats (PDF, DOC, PPT, MPEG) on this site?\n\n * Adobe PDF file\n * Microsoft PowerPoint file\n * Microsoft Word file\n * Microsoft Excel file\n * Audio/Video file\n * Apple Quicktime file\n * RealPlayer file\n * Text file\n * Zip Archive file\n * SAS file\n * ePub file\n\n * Page created: July 10, 2015\n * Page last updated: July 10, 2015\n * Page last reviewed: July 10, 2015\n * Content source:\n\n * Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID) Division of Global Migration and Quarantine (DGMQ)\n\n * ###### Contact CDC\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention\n\n1600 Clifton Road Atlanta, GA 30329-4027 USA\n\n800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636)\n\nContact CDC-INFO\n\nTOP\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511230137/https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness","passages":["Motion sickness, sometimes referred to as sea sickness or car sickness, is a very common disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion. Anyone can develop motion sickness, but people vary in their sensitivity to motion. Motion sickness most commonly affects children from 2 to 12 years old, pregnant women, and people who are prone to migraines. In addition to sea travel, motion sickness can develop from the movement of a car or from turbulence in an airplane.","While it may be impossible to prevent all cases of motion sickness, the following tips can help you prevent or lessen the severity of motion sickness:","Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol and foods or liquids that \"do not agree with you\" or make you feel unusually full. Heavy, spicy, or fat-rich foods may worsen motion sickness in some people.","Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins.","When traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point.","Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.","The over-the-counter medication meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Dramamine) can be a very effective preventive measure for short trips or for mild cases of motion sickness. Your doctor also may choose to prescribe medications for longer trips or if you repeatedly develop severe motion sickness. One example of a prescription medication is a patch containing scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) that often is effective in preventing motion sickness. Remember that scopolamine can cause drowsiness and has other side effects, and its use should be discussed with your physician prior to your trip."]},"parsed_md":"10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n * SEARCH\n * SYMPTOM CHECKER\n\nhome/tips to prevent motion sickness article\n\n# 10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness\n\n * Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\n * Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR\n\n### What is motion sickness?\n\nMotion sickness, sometimes referred to as sea sickness or car sickness, is a\nvery common disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion.\nAnyone can develop motion sickness, but people vary in their sensitivity to\nmotion. Motion sickness most commonly affects children from 2 to 12 years old,\npregnant women, and people who are prone to migraines. In addition to sea\ntravel, motion sickness can develop from the movement of a car or from\nturbulence in an airplane.\n\n### What are symptoms of motion sickness?\n\nSymptoms of motion sickness are:\n\n * nausea,\n * vomiting,\n * dizziness,\n * sweating, and\n * a sense of feeling unwell.\n\nThese symptoms arise from the inner ear (labyrinth) due to changes in a\nperson's sense of balance and equilibrium.\n\n### 10 Tips to prevent motion sickness\n\nWhile it may be impossible to prevent all cases of motion sickness, the\nfollowing tips can help you prevent or lessen the severity of motion sickness:\n\n 1. Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol and foods or liquids that \"do not agree with you\" or make you feel unusually full. Heavy, spicy, or fat-rich foods may worsen motion sickness in some people.\n 2. Avoiding strong food odors may also help prevent nausea.\n 3. Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins.\n 4. Do not sit facing backwards from your direction of travel.\n 5. Sit in the front seat of a car.\n 6. Do not read while traveling if you are prone to motion sickness.\n 7. When traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point.\n 8. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible.\n 9. Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.\n 10. The over-the-counter medication meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Dramamine) can be a very effective preventive measure for short trips or for mild cases of motion sickness. Your doctor also may choose to prescribe medications for longer trips or if you repeatedly develop severe motion sickness. One example of a prescription medication is a patch containing scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) that often is effective in preventing motion sickness. Remember that scopolamine can cause drowsiness and has other side effects, and its use should be discussed with your physician prior to your trip.\n\n#### SLIDESHOW\n\nThe 14 Most Common Causes of Fatigue See Slideshow\n\n## Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Discover Immunotherapy\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n\nReferences\n\nMedically reviewed by Avrom Simon, MD; Board Certified Preventative Medicine\nwith Subspecialty in Occupational Medicine\n\nREFERENCE:\n\nCDC.gov. Motion Sickness.\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225063736/https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/","parsed_text":{"title":"10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness","passages":["Get 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go. Join today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and in-app.","If traveling by car, train, plane, or boat makes you queasy, there’s good news: Not only can you take steps to stop motion sickness before it starts, you may actually be able to conquer it for good.","Why some people get motion sickness and others don’t isn’t fully understood. Researchers believe it’s caused by incongruence in our body’s sensory systems. For instance, on a slow-moving cruise ship, your eyes may tell the brain you’re not moving at all, but the systems in your brain and inner ear that control balance and posture (vestibular and somatosensory systems) say, “Yes we are!” This mismatch confuses the brain and causes a variety of symptoms, including:","You certainly can take medications to help relieve these symptoms. But if you’d like to try overcoming motion sickness for good, here are some techniques.","Not being in the driver’s seat can contribute to motion sickness when you’re traveling by car. The driver of a car is less prone to motion sickness than a passenger, presumably because the driver’s brain is using its motor commands to control the car and can predict the motion. Putting yourself behind the wheel will keep the queasiness at bay. If you must ride as a passenger, try sitting in the front seat and looking at the horizon, which confers a sense of greater control than riding in the back. If you get stuck in the back seat, try conversation and distraction to alleviate the anxiety of not being in control of the situation. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible and avoid reading.","Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol, smoking, and foods or liquids that “don’t agree with you” or make you feel unusually full. Foods with strong odors, or ones that are heavy, spicy, or fat-rich may worsen symptoms of nausea or motion sickness in some people.","Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins. Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.","If you’re getting seasick, lie down to help your sensory systems become congruent. On a train, sit in a front-facing seat so your eyes relay the same movement cues as the vestibules of your inner ear. Also, when traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point. The more you enhance sensory congruence, the less likely you are to get queasy.","You actually can talk yourself out of motion sickness. A study found that “verbal placebos” — simply telling sailors they won’t get seasick — have been effective in preventing seasickness. Set your own expectations before traveling by saying aloud, “I’m not going to get carsick this time,” or using other affirmative self-talk. Learning breathing techniques by using biofeedback can help in this endeavor.","Desensitization therapy works for minimizing or even curing motion sickness. Expose yourself to short bursts of activities that cause symptoms, and then work up to longer periods. If reading a book in a moving vehicle makes you feel nauseated, try reading for five minutes and then putting the book down. Repeat the five-minute interval over several sessions, then increase to 10 minutes. Over time, you’ll find your body gets used to the activity.","Some studies support using ginger as an effective preventive measure for motion sickness. At the very least, it can’t hurt. Take one to two grams of ginger half an hour before traveling for best results. If you’re on prescription blood thinners, consult your doctor before supplementing with ginger.","There’s conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of acupressure for motion sickness, but it’s worth a try — even if it’s just for the placebo effect. As mentioned above, simply convincing yourself you can get through a trip without motion sickness can help you avoid it. If wearing pressure point devices—such as wristbands with plastic bumps on them — helps convince your brain you’re not going to get sick, it’s worth a shot. On the other hand, don’t waste your money on magnets. There’s no evidence magnetic devices marketed for motion sickness relief do any good.","Seasickness clears up on its own after about three days. Why? The human body possesses an enormous ability to accommodate situations like incongruence between the sensory systems. Again, in the “think it away” category, you may rid yourself of symptoms if you understand and believe they’re going to clear up sooner rather than later.","If your children experience motion sickness, be sure to let them know the condition usually starts going away after age 12. Sharing this medical fact may help your kids avoid feeling doomed to motion sickness for the rest of their lives.","If you experience severe motion sickness, go ahead and take over-the-counter medications such as Dramamine or Meclizine for it. These are most effective 30 to 60 minutes prior to when you think you’ll be sick, and can be sedating. If you’re a healthy adult with severe symptoms, you can talk to your health care provider about a scopolamine patch to cope with prolonged episodes of motion sickness, such as during the first few days of a cruise. Be forewarned that it can cause drowsiness, dry mouth, and other side effects.","Get 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go. Join today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and in-app.","Chicago native Helen Eleni Xenos grew up in Greece but returned home to attend Loyola University and begin her medical career. She values One Medical Group’s focus on quality of care and the unique emphasis on technology to enhance service. Primary care has allowed Helen the opportunity to see patients of all ages with a variety of conditions, and to develop long-term therapeutic alliances to improve health, well-being, and quality of life. She has particular interests in women’s health, including office-based procedures such as IUD insertion and colposcopy. Helen strives to be an approachable, careful listener and is always willing to have open conversations about treatment options. Outside of One Medical, Helen volunteers with Chicago Women’s Health, and works as a community clinician and preceptor at the Advocate Illinois Masonic Family Medicine Residency Program. To stay healthy, Helen takes long walks in the park and attends Zumba classes. She loves traveling and trying new foods and restaurants, is conversational in Spanish and fluent in Greek. She attended the University of Illinois School of Medicine and is board- certified in Family Medicine. Eleni is a One Medical Group provider and sees patients in our Chicago offices.","Any general advice posted on our blog, website, or app is for informational purposes only and is not intended to replace or substitute for any medical or other advice. The One Medical Group entities and 1Life Healthcare, Inc. make no representations or warranties and expressly disclaim any and all liability concerning any treatment, action by, or effect on any person following the general information offered or provided within or through the blog, website, or app. If you have specific concerns or a situation arises in which you require medical advice, you should consult with an appropriately trained and qualified medical services provider."]},"parsed_md":"10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness | One Medical\n\nCOVID-19 vaccine availability is limited and varies by location. See status in\nyour area Opens in a new window.\n\nHere to keep you healthy. And informed.\n\nGet 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go.\nJoin today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and\nin-app.\n\nJoin Today\n\nHome/ Blog/ Get Well/\n\n# 10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness\n\nNov 1, 2018\n\nBy Eleni Xenos\n\nLast updated November 1, 2018.\n\nIf traveling by car, train, plane, or boat makes you queasy, there’s good\nnews: Not only can you take steps to stop motion sickness before it starts,\nyou may actually be able to conquer it for good.\n\nWhy some people get motion sickness and others don’t isn’t fully understood.\nResearchers believe it’s caused by incongruence in our body’s sensory systems.\nFor instance, on a slow-moving cruise ship, your eyes may tell the brain\nyou’re not moving at all, but the systems in your brain and inner ear that\ncontrol balance and posture (vestibular and somatosensory systems) say, “Yes\nwe are!” This mismatch confuses the brain and causes a variety of symptoms,\nincluding:\n\n * Dizziness\n * Headache\n * Nausea\n * Salivation\n * Sweating\n * Belching\n * Acute awareness of the stomach\n * Vomiting\n * Hyperventilation (in extreme cases)\n\nYou certainly can take medications to help relieve these symptoms. But if\nyou’d like to try overcoming motion sickness for good, here are some\ntechniques.\n\n## 1\\. Take control of the situation.\n\nNot being in the driver’s seat can contribute to motion sickness when you’re\ntraveling by car. The driver of a car is less prone to motion sickness than a\npassenger, presumably because the driver’s brain is using its motor commands\nto control the car and can predict the motion. Putting yourself behind the\nwheel will keep the queasiness at bay. If you must ride as a passenger, try\nsitting in the front seat and looking at the horizon, which confers a sense of\ngreater control than riding in the back. If you get stuck in the back seat,\ntry conversation and distraction to alleviate the anxiety of not being in\ncontrol of the situation. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible and\navoid reading.\n\n## 2\\. Curb your consumption.\n\nWatch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel.\nAvoid excessive alcohol, smoking, and foods or liquids that “don’t agree with\nyou” or make you feel unusually full. Foods with strong odors, or ones that\nare heavy, spicy, or fat-rich may worsen symptoms of nausea or motion sickness\nin some people.\n\n## 3\\. Get into position.\n\nTry to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of\nan airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those\nin lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less\nmotion than passengers in higher or outer cabins. Isolate yourself from others\nwho may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion\nsickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill\nyourself.\n\n## 4\\. Equalize your sensory cues.\n\nIf you’re getting seasick, lie down to help your sensory systems become\ncongruent. On a train, sit in a front-facing seat so your eyes relay the same\nmovement cues as the vestibules of your inner ear. Also, when traveling by car\nor boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a\nfixed point. The more you enhance sensory congruence, the less likely you are\nto get queasy.\n\n## 5\\. Talk yourself down.\n\nYou actually can talk yourself out of motion sickness. A study found that\n“verbal placebos” — simply telling sailors they won’t get seasick — have been\neffective in preventing seasickness. Set your own expectations before\ntraveling by saying aloud, “I’m not going to get carsick this time,” or using\nother affirmative self-talk. Learning breathing techniques by using\nbiofeedback can help in this endeavor.\n\nDon’t miss 8 Ways to Treat Morning Sickness Naturally.\n\n## 6\\. Get desensitized.\n\nDesensitization therapy works for minimizing or even curing motion sickness.\nExpose yourself to short bursts of activities that cause symptoms, and then\nwork up to longer periods. If reading a book in a moving vehicle makes you\nfeel nauseated, try reading for five minutes and then putting the book down.\nRepeat the five-minute interval over several sessions, then increase to 10\nminutes. Over time, you’ll find your body gets used to the activity.\n\n## 7\\. Pre-treat with ginger.\n\nSome studies support using ginger as an effective preventive measure for\nmotion sickness. At the very least, it can’t hurt. Take one to two grams of\nginger half an hour before traveling for best results. If you’re on\nprescription blood thinners, consult your doctor before supplementing with\nginger.\n\n## 8\\. Get in touch with your pressure points.\n\nThere’s conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of acupressure for\nmotion sickness, but it’s worth a try — even if it’s just for the placebo\neffect. As mentioned above, simply convincing yourself you can get through a\ntrip without motion sickness can help you avoid it. If wearing pressure point\ndevices—such as wristbands with plastic bumps on them — helps convince your\nbrain you’re not going to get sick, it’s worth a shot. On the other hand,\ndon’t waste your money on magnets. There’s no evidence magnetic devices\nmarketed for motion sickness relief do any good.\n\n## 9\\. Ride it out.\n\nSeasickness clears up on its own after about three days. Why? The human body\npossesses an enormous ability to accommodate situations like incongruence\nbetween the sensory systems. Again, in the “think it away” category, you may\nrid yourself of symptoms if you understand and believe they’re going to clear\nup sooner rather than later.\n\nIf your children experience motion sickness, be sure to let them know the\ncondition usually starts going away after age 12. Sharing this medical fact\nmay help your kids avoid feeling doomed to motion sickness for the rest of\ntheir lives.\n\n## 10\\. When all else fails, medicate.\n\nIf you experience severe motion sickness, go ahead and take over-the-counter\nmedications such as Dramamine or Meclizine for it. These are most effective 30\nto 60 minutes prior to when you think you’ll be sick, and can be sedating. If\nyou’re a healthy adult with severe symptoms, you can talk to your health care\nprovider about a scopolamine patch to cope with prolonged episodes of motion\nsickness, such as during the first few days of a cruise. Be forewarned that it\ncan cause drowsiness, dry mouth, and other side effects.\n\nIf motion sickness continues to be a problem, make an appointment with your\nprovider to talk about your options.\n\nHere to keep you healthy. And informed.\n\nGet 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go.\nJoin today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and\nin-app.\n\nJoin Today\n\n### Tags\n\nnausea natural remedies cruise motion sickness seasickness travel illness\ntravel travel health travel health tips\n\nEleni Xenos\n\nChicago native Helen Eleni Xenos grew up in Greece but returned home to attend\nLoyola University and begin her medical career. She values One Medical Group’s\nfocus on quality of care and the unique emphasis on technology to enhance\nservice. Primary care has allowed Helen the opportunity to see patients of all\nages with a variety of conditions, and to develop long-term therapeutic\nalliances to improve health, well-being, and quality of life. She has\nparticular interests in women’s health, including office-based procedures such\nas IUD insertion and colposcopy. Helen strives to be an approachable, careful\nlistener and is always willing to have open conversations about treatment\noptions. Outside of One Medical, Helen volunteers with Chicago Women’s Health,\nand works as a community clinician and preceptor at the Advocate Illinois\nMasonic Family Medicine Residency Program. To stay healthy, Helen takes long\nwalks in the park and attends Zumba classes. She loves traveling and trying\nnew foods and restaurants, is conversational in Spanish and fluent in Greek.\nShe attended the University of Illinois School of Medicine and is board-\ncertified in Family Medicine. Eleni is a One Medical Group provider and sees\npatients in our Chicago offices.\n\nThe One Medical blog is published by One Medical, an innovative primary care\npractice with offices in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York,\nOrange County,Phoenix, Portland, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area,\nSeattle, and Washington, DC.\n\nAny general advice posted on our blog, website, or app is for informational\npurposes only and is not intended to replace or substitute for any medical or\nother advice. The One Medical Group entities and 1Life Healthcare, Inc. make\nno representations or warranties and expressly disclaim any and all liability\nconcerning any treatment, action by, or effect on any person following the\ngeneral information offered or provided within or through the blog, website,\nor app. If you have specific concerns or a situation arises in which you\nrequire medical advice, you should consult with an appropriately trained and\nqualified medical services provider.\n\n * Blog\n * Media center\n * About\n * Investor relations\n * Practice integration\n * Sponsored membership\n * Careers\n * Contact us\n * FAQ\n * Give a membership\n\n * Facebook opens in a new window\n * Twitter opens in a new window\n * YouTube opens in a new window\n * Instagram opens in a new window\n * LinkedIn opens in a new window\n\n©2021 1Life Healthcare, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n * Membership terms of service\n * Medical terms of service\n * Privacy policy\n * HIPAA NPP\n * Employee Privacy Notice\n * Code of Business Conduct\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150511010737/http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan • Explore Integrative Medicine\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Nei Guan (P6 or PC6) is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach, motion sickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches. Nei Guan (P6) is located three finger breadths below the wrist on the inner forearm in between the two tendons. To find and use this acupressure point, (1) locate the point by turning your hands over so the palm is facing up then (2) apply downward pressure between the two tendons, massaging and stimulating the area for 4-5 seconds.\",\n \"It is cited in many research studies that the stimulation of Nei Guan (P6) alleviates nausea and vomiting in pregnancy[1] and also helps prevent post- operative nausea and vomiting [2]. The Journal of Autonomic Neuroscience also published an article that showed P6 and Zu San Li (ST36) have a combined, synergistic effect on gastrointestinal motility [3]. In another study, Nei Guan has also been shown to help alleviate intractable hiccups [4].\",\n \"Werntoft E, Dykes AK. Effect of acupressure on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. A randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study. J Reprod Med. 2001 Sep;46(9):835-9.\",\n \"Nunley C, Wakim J, Guinn C J. The effects of stimulation of acupressure point p6 on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review of literature Perianesth Nurs. 2008 Aug;23(4):247-61.\",\n \"Chang CC, et al. Resolution of intractable hiccups after near-infrared irradiation of relevant acupoints. American Journal of Medical Science. 2006 Aug; 332 (2):93-6.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan • Explore Integrative Medicine\\n\\n * Learn all the ways you can help Explore IM\\n * Contribute\\n\\n * Home\\n * Topics\\n * Research\\n * News & Events\\n * Multimedia\\n * Resources\\n\\n### Chinese Medicine\\n\\n## Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan\\n\\nNei Guan is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach, motion\\nsickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches\\n\\nNei Guan (P6 or PC6) is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach,\\nmotion sickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches. Nei Guan (P6) is\\nlocated three finger breadths below the wrist on the inner forearm in between\\nthe two tendons. To find and use this acupressure point, (1) locate the point\\nby turning your hands over so the palm is facing up then (2) apply downward\\npressure between the two tendons, massaging and stimulating the area for 4-5\\nseconds.\\n\\nThe point is located at the medial aspect of the hand.\\n\\nFour-finger space below the wrist.\\n\\nLocated in the depression between the tendons.\\n\\nApply pressure and massage for 4-5 seconds.\\n\\nIt is cited in many research studies that the stimulation of Nei Guan (P6)\\nalleviates nausea and vomiting in pregnancy[1] and also helps prevent post-\\noperative nausea and vomiting [2]. The Journal of Autonomic Neuroscience also\\npublished an article that showed P6 and Zu San Li (ST36) have a combined,\\nsynergistic effect on gastrointestinal motility [3]. In another study, Nei\\nGuan has also been shown to help alleviate intractable hiccups [4].\\n\\nReferences\\n\\n 1. Werntoft E, Dykes AK. Effect of acupressure on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. A randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study. J Reprod Med. 2001 Sep;46(9):835-9.\\n 2. Nunley C, Wakim J, Guinn C J. The effects of stimulation of acupressure point p6 on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review of literature Perianesth Nurs. 2008 Aug;23(4):247-61.\\n 3. Yin J, Chen JD. Gastrointestinal motility disorders and acupuncture. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):31-7. Epub 2010 Apr 3.\\n 4. Chang CC, et al. Resolution of intractable hiccups after near-infrared irradiation of relevant acupoints. American Journal of Medical Science. 2006 Aug; 332 (2):93-6.\\n\\n### Featured Multimedia\\n\\n * Three Leaders in Integrative Medicine - Part 1: Definition\\n\\nSign up to receive our e-mail updates\\n\\n### More Content in Chinese Medicine\\n\\n * How to Bridge Traditional Chinese and Western Medicines\\n * Acupressure Point GB20: Gallbladder 20 or Feng Chi (Wind Pool)\\n * Using Chinese Herbal Medicine for Hypoglycemic Research\\n\\n### Explore a Topic\\n\\n * Chinese Medicine\\n\\nAcupuncture, acupressure, and massage, along with issues facing TCM\\ntranslations and development in the U.S. and worldwide.\\n\\n * About Explore IM\\n * RSS Feed\\n\\n * Brought to you by UCLA Center for East-West Medicine\\n * Copyright © 2015 UC Regents\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160814080752/http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The premier resource for timely, trustworthy information on natural health and wellness, based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D.\",\n \"Created by Andrew Weil, M.D., the all-new Weil Vitamin Advisor is an exclusive online tool that asks questions about your diet and lifestyle, then uses your answers to create a customized supplement plan.\",\n \"Based on his bestseller Healthy Aging, this online program created by Andrew Weil, M.D., features the Anti-Inflammatory Diet and tips on exercise, stress reduction and much more. Subscribe to enjoy optimal physical and mental health at any age.\",\n \"This collection of simple, natural strategies and tools is based on the bestselling book Spontaneous Happiness by Andrew Weil, M.D. Subscribe to achieve optimal emotional well-being!\",\n \"A wide selection of supplement packs designed by Drs. Andrew Weil and Tieraona Low Dog that can help you meet health goals including better sleep, digestion, energy and focus.\",\n \"What is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in response to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary from mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\",\n \"What are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a feeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like feeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often includes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may become pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold sweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying of its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that continuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become intense and completely prevent normal functioning.\",\n \"There is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some people are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots term these lucky individuals \\\"lead heads.\\\") There can also be a habituation effect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion sickness, but acquire \\\"sea legs\\\" over a period of hours or days that make the symptoms less severe, or even vanish.\",\n \"What are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the body, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement such as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel turbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the motion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the movement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see only the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in reverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see movement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system (sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a central role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch) and visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in space.\",\n \"What is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications commonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines. Anticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the parasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system) coming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness by influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\",\n \"Scopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed behind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally. For best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is typically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be taken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours. It tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is therefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch is put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry mouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a increased heart rate.\",\n \"Antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) and cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine (Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion sickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and feeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less sedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\",\n \"Because the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of drowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive effect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these medications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central nervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous system should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to their doctor.\",\n \"What therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to prevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what your inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front seat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least likely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head still by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a cabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as much time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\",\n \"Dr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with great success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese fisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea. They have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces of the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow package directions carefully.\",\n \"Another useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective than Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing drowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass of water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of powdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger candy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea caused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains ginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\",\n \"Finally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with motion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their queasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also, direct their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and make sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of objects is less.\",\n \"Copyright © 2016 Weil Lifestyle Information on this web site is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice provided by your physician or other healthcare professional. You should not use the information on this web site for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment.\",\n \"This Site and third parties who place advertisements on this Site may collect and use information about your visits to this Site and other websites in order to provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you. If you would like to obtain more information about these advertising practices and to make choices about online behavioral advertising, please click here\",\n \"What is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in response to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary from mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\",\n \"What are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a feeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like feeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often includes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may become pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold sweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying of its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that continuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become intense and completely prevent normal functioning.\",\n \"There is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some people are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots term these lucky individuals \\\"lead heads.\\\") There can also be a habituation effect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion sickness, but acquire \\\"sea legs\\\" over a period of hours or days that make the symptoms less severe, or even vanish.\",\n \"What are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the body, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement such as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel turbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the motion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the movement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see only the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in reverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see movement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system (sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a central role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch) and visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in space.\",\n \"What is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications commonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines. Anticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the parasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system) coming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness by influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\",\n \"Scopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed behind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally. For best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is typically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be taken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours. It tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is therefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch is put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry mouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a increased heart rate.\",\n \"Antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) and cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine (Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion sickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and feeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less sedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\",\n \"Because the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of drowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive effect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these medications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central nervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous system should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to their doctor.\",\n \"What therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to prevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what your inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front seat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least likely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head still by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a cabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as much time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\",\n \"Dr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with great success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese fisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea. They have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces of the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow package directions carefully.\",\n \"Another useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective than Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing drowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass of water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of powdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger candy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea caused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains ginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\",\n \"Finally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with motion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their queasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also, direct their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and make sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of objects is less.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Motion Sickness - Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide\\n\\n * DrWeil.com\\n\\n * The premier resource for timely, trustworthy information on natural health and wellness, based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D. \\n--- \\n * Weil Vitamin Advisor\\n\\n * Created by Andrew Weil, M.D., the all-new Weil Vitamin Advisor is an exclusive online tool that asks questions about your diet and lifestyle, then uses your answers to create a customized supplement plan. \\n--- \\n * Healthy Aging\\n\\n * Based on his bestseller Healthy Aging, this online program created by Andrew Weil, M.D., features the Anti-Inflammatory Diet and tips on exercise, stress reduction and much more. Subscribe to enjoy optimal physical and mental health at any age. \\n--- \\n * Spontaneous Happiness\\n\\n * This collection of simple, natural strategies and tools is based on the bestselling book Spontaneous Happiness by Andrew Weil, M.D. Subscribe to achieve optimal emotional well-being! \\n--- \\n * Vitamin Packs\\n\\n * A wide selection of supplement packs designed by Drs. Andrew Weil and Tieraona Low Dog that can help you meet health goals including better sleep, digestion, energy and focus. \\n--- \\n * Marketplace\\n\\n * A selection of products approved by Andrew Weil, M.D. that can help promote a healthy body, mind and spirit. \\n--- \\n * Dr. Weil's Blog\\n\\n * Based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D., DrWeilBlog.com offers simple, easily implemented advice on healthy living daily. \\n--- \\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n|\\n\\nRegister | Sign In\\n\\n|\\n\\nSign Up For Dr. Weil's Free Newsletters \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n * Condition Care Guide\\n * Aging Gracefully\\n * Bone & Joint\\n * Cancer\\n * Colds & Flu\\n * Diabetes\\n * Gastrointestinal\\n * Heart Health\\n * Mental Health\\n * Men's Health\\n * Women's Health\\n * Children's Health\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n| |\\n\\n## Condition Care Guide\\n\\n| Print this page || Sign up for free e-bulletins \\n---|--- \\n \\n| Bookmark This Page \\n \\n# Motion Sickness\\n\\nWhat is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives\\nconflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in\\nresponse to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary\\nfrom mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\\n\\nWhat are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a\\nfeeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like\\nfeeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often\\nincludes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may\\nbecome pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold\\nsweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying\\nof its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that\\ncontinuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become\\nintense and completely prevent normal functioning.\\n\\nThere is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some\\npeople are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots\\nterm these lucky individuals \\\"lead heads.\\\") There can also be a habituation\\neffect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion\\nsickness, but acquire \\\"sea legs\\\" over a period of hours or days that make the\\nsymptoms less severe, or even vanish.\\n\\nWhat are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the\\nbody, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement\\nsuch as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel\\nturbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the\\nmotion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the\\nmovement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see\\nonly the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in\\nreverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see\\nmovement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system\\n(sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a\\ncentral role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch)\\nand visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in\\nspace.\\n\\nWhat is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications\\ncommonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines.\\nAnticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the\\nparasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system)\\ncoming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness\\nby influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\\n\\nScopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed\\nbehind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally.\\nFor best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is\\ntypically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be\\ntaken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours.\\nIt tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is\\ntherefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch\\nis put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry\\nmouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a\\nincreased heart rate.\\n\\nAntihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)\\nand cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine\\n(Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion\\nsickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and\\nfeeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less\\nsedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\\n\\nBecause the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of\\ndrowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive\\neffect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these\\nmedications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central\\nnervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous\\nsystem should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to\\ntheir doctor.\\n\\nWhat therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to\\nprevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what\\nyour inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front\\nseat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least\\nlikely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head\\nstill by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a\\ncabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as\\nmuch time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\\n\\nDr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with\\ngreat success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese\\nfisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea.\\nThey have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces\\nof the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow\\npackage directions carefully.\\n\\nAnother useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective\\nthan Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing\\ndrowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass\\nof water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of\\npowdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger\\ncandy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea\\ncaused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains\\nginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\\n\\nFinally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with\\nmotion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their\\nqueasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also,\\ndirect their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and\\nmake sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of\\nobjects is less.\\n\\n|\\n\\nThe Weil Vitamin Advisor Get your FREE personalized vitamin recommendation &\\nsupplement plan today!\\n\\nDr. Weil on Healthy Aging Follow Dr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet and save\\n30%. Start your 14-day free trial now!\\n\\nStay Connected with Dr. Weil Promote the health of your body, mind and spirit\\n- sign up for Dr. Weil's FREE newsletters today!\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nVitamin Library Supplement your knowledge with Dr. Weil's essential vitamin\\nfacts. Learn why they are necessary and more.\\n\\nDr. Weil's Head-to-Toe Wellness Guide Your guide to natural health. Use the\\nWellness Guide today!\\n\\nDr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet Food Pyramid Our interactive tool can help\\nimprove overall health through diet.\\n\\nadvertisement \\n \\n * Sitemap\\n * About Us\\n * Press Information\\n * Advertising\\n * Contact Us\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nCopyright © 2016 Weil Lifestyle Information on this web site is provided for\\ninformational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice\\nprovided by your physician or other healthcare professional. You should not\\nuse the information on this web site for diagnosing or treating a health\\nproblem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment.\\n\\nAdvertising Notice\\n\\nThis Site and third parties who place advertisements on this Site may collect\\nand use information about your visits to this Site and other websites in order\\nto provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you. If you\\nwould like to obtain more information about these advertising practices and to\\nmake choices about online behavioral advertising, please click here \\n \\n * Get your FREE, personalized vitamin recommendation. START NOW\\n * HOME\\n * VIDEOS & FEATURES\\n\\n * Videos & Features\\n * Videos\\n * Photo Galleries\\n * Anti-Inflammatory Diet & Pyramid\\n * Head-to-Toe Wellness Guide\\n * Flipbooks (Online Magazines)\\n * Tools & Quizzes\\n * ASK DR. WEIL\\n\\n * Ask Dr. Weil\\n * Today ́s Q&A\\n * Ask Your Question\\n * Q&A Library\\n * HEALTH CENTERS\\n\\n * Health Centers\\n * Aging Gracefully\\n * Bone & Joint\\n * Cancer\\n * Colds & Flu\\n * Diabetes\\n * Gastrointestinal Health\\n * Heart Health\\n * Mental Health\\n * Men ́s Health\\n * Women ́s Health\\n * Children ́s Health\\n * Condition Care Guide\\n * SUPPLEMENTS & HERBS\\n\\n * Supplements & Herbs\\n * Vitamin Library\\n * Weil Vitamin Advisor\\n * Herbs\\n * Remedies\\n * BALANCED LIVING\\n\\n * Balanced Living\\n * Meet Andrew Weil, M.D.\\n * Where Is Dr. Weil?\\n * Cooking & Recipes\\n * Gardening\\n * Healthy Home\\n * Personal Care\\n * Exercise and Fitness\\n * Spirit and Inspiration\\n * Pets & Pet Care\\n * Wellness Therapies\\n\\n## Condition Care Guide\\n\\n# Motion Sickness\\n\\nWhat is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives\\nconflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in\\nresponse to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary\\nfrom mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\\n\\nWhat are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a\\nfeeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like\\nfeeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often\\nincludes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may\\nbecome pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold\\nsweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying\\nof its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that\\ncontinuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become\\nintense and completely prevent normal functioning.\\n\\nThere is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some\\npeople are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots\\nterm these lucky individuals \\\"lead heads.\\\") There can also be a habituation\\neffect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion\\nsickness, but acquire \\\"sea legs\\\" over a period of hours or days that make the\\nsymptoms less severe, or even vanish.\\n\\nWhat are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the\\nbody, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement\\nsuch as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel\\nturbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the\\nmotion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the\\nmovement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see\\nonly the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in\\nreverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see\\nmovement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system\\n(sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a\\ncentral role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch)\\nand visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in\\nspace.\\n\\nWhat is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications\\ncommonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines.\\nAnticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the\\nparasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system)\\ncoming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness\\nby influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\\n\\nScopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed\\nbehind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally.\\nFor best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is\\ntypically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be\\ntaken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours.\\nIt tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is\\ntherefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch\\nis put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry\\nmouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a\\nincreased heart rate.\\n\\nAntihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)\\nand cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine\\n(Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion\\nsickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and\\nfeeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less\\nsedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\\n\\nBecause the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of\\ndrowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive\\neffect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these\\nmedications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central\\nnervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous\\nsystem should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to\\ntheir doctor.\\n\\nWhat therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to\\nprevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what\\nyour inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front\\nseat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least\\nlikely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head\\nstill by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a\\ncabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as\\nmuch time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\\n\\nDr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with\\ngreat success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese\\nfisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea.\\nThey have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces\\nof the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow\\npackage directions carefully.\\n\\nAnother useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective\\nthan Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing\\ndrowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass\\nof water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of\\npowdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger\\ncandy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea\\ncaused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains\\nginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\\n\\nFinally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with\\nmotion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their\\nqueasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also,\\ndirect their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and\\nmake sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of\\nobjects is less.\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nSitemap | About Us | Press Information | Advertising | Contact Us | Terms of\\nUse | Privacy Policy\\n\\nAsk Dr. Weil Ask Dr. Weil Home Today's Q&A Ask Your Question Q&A Library Top\\n50 Most Popular Q&As\\n\\nHealth Centers Health Centers Home Condition Care Guide Aging Gracefully Bone\\n& Joint Health Cancer Colds & Flu Diabetes Gastrointestinal Health Heart\\nHealth Mental Health Men's Health Women's Health Children's Health\\n\\nSupplements & Herbs Supplements & Herbs Home Vitamin Library Herbs Remedies\\n\\nDr. Weil's Balanced Living Balanced Living Home Meet Andrew Weil Dr. Weil\\nEvent Calendar The Healthy Kitchen Recipes Gardening Healthy Home Personal\\nCare Exercise & Fitness Spirit & Inspiration Pets & Pet Care Wellness\\nTherapies\\n\\nVideos & Features Videos & Features Home Videos Photo Galleries Anti-\\nInflammatory Food Pyramid Head to Toe Wellness Guide Flipbooks (Online\\nMagazines) e-Newsletter Sign-Up\\n\\nAbout Weil Lifestyle About Us LinkedIn Weil Foundation Science Advisory Board\\nExperts Like-Minded Practitioners Licensees Commercial Friends Organizations &\\nNonprofits Dr. Weil's Health Network Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine\\n\\nSocial Networking Dr. Weil's Daily Blog Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Flickr\\nYouTube Vimeo Pinterest About Me Dr. Weil on the Huffington Post\\n\\nDr. Weil Product Sites Dr. Weil Products Vitamin Advisor Spontaneous Happiness\\nDr Weil on Healthy Aging Dr. Weil's 8 Week Plan Weil Information (print order\\nsite)\\n\\nContact Us Contact e-Newsletter Sign-Up Member Account Page\\n\\nDrWeil.com Policies Advertising Policy Privacy Policy Terms of Use\\n\\nMedia Information For the Press Press Releases Fact Sheet Advertising Kit\\n(pdf) Dr. Weil Events Media Requests\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150306102047/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The effect of smoking nicotine tobacco versus smoking deprivation o...\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The effect of smoking nicotine tobacco versus smoking deprivation o... -\\nPubMed - NCBI\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170317151247/https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Motion Sickness - Chapter 2 - 2016 Yellow Book\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Skip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to page options Skip directly to site content\",\n \"Motion sickness is the term attributed to physiologic responses of the body to motion by sea, car, train or air. Given sufficient stimulus all people with functional vestibular systems can develop motion sickness. However, people vary in their susceptibility. Risk factors include the following:\",\n \"MEDICATION CLASS| EXAMPLES ---|--- Antibiotics| Azithromycin, metronidazole, erythromycin, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole Antiparasitics| Albendazole, thiabendazole, iodoquinol, chloroquine, mefloquine Estrogens| Oral contraceptives, estradiol Cardiovascular| Digoxin, levodopa Narcotic analgesics| Codeine, morphine, meperidine Nonsteroidal analgesics| Ibuprophen, naproxen, indomethacin Antidepressants| Fluoxetine, paroxitene, sertraline Asthma medication| Aminophylline Bisphosphonates| Alendronate sodium, ibandronate sodium, risedronate sodium\",\n \"Nonpharmacologic treatments for preventing and treating motion sickness can be effective with few adverse side effects (see Prevention below). However, these measures can be time-consuming and unpleasant for travelers. Many patients will prefer medication. A primary side effect of most efficacious medications used for motion sickness is drowsiness, along with other drug-specific side effects. Some medications may interfere with or delay acclimation to the offending movement. Because gastric stasis can occur with motion sickness, parenteral delivery may be advantageous.\",\n \"Antihistamines are the most frequently used and widely available medications for motion sickness; non-sedating ones appear to be less effective. Antihistamines commonly used for motion sickness include cinnarizine (not currently available in the United States), cyclizine, dimenhydrinate, meclizine, and promethazine (oral and suppository). Other common medications used to treat motion sickness are scopolamine (hyoscine, oral and transdermal), antidopaminergic drugs (such as prochlorperazine), metoclopramide, sympathomimetics, and benzodiazepines. Clinical trials have not shown that ondansetron, a drug commonly used as an antiemetic in cancer patients, is effective in the prevention of nausea associated with motion sickness.\",\n \"When recommending any of these medications to travelers, providers should make sure that patients understand the risks and benefits, possible undesirable side effects, and potential drug interactions. Travelers may consider trying the medication before travel to see what effect it has on them.\",\n \"For children aged 2–12 years, dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), 1–1.5 mg/kg per dose, or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 0.5–1 mg/kg per dose up to 25 mg, can be given 1 hour before travel and every 6 hours during the trip. Because some children have paradoxical agitation with these medicines, a test dose should be given at home before departure.\",\n \"Antihistamines are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat motion sickness in children. Caregivers should be reminded to always ask a physician, pharmacist, or other clinician if they have any questions about how to use or dose antihistamines in children before they administer the medication. Oversedation of young children with antihistamines can be life- threatening.\",\n \"Scopolamine can cause dangerous adverse effects in children and should not be used; prochlorperazine and metoclopramide should be used with caution in children.\",\n \"Drugs with the most safety data regarding the treatment of the nausea of pregnancy are the logical first choice. Alphabetical scoring of the safety of medications in pregnancy may not be helpful, and clinicians should review the actual safety data or call the patient’s obstetric provider for suggestions. Web-based information may be found at the websites www.Motherisk.org and www.Reprotox.org.\",\n \"Optimizing position to reduce motion or motion perception—for example, driving a vehicle instead of riding in it, sitting in the front seat of a car or bus, or sitting over the wing of an aircraft.\",\n \"Adding distractions—listening to music or using aromatherapy scents such as mint or lavender. Flavored lozenges may also help, in particular ginger-flavored. Lozenges may also function as distractions or, in the case of ginger, may hasten gastric emptying.\",\n \"Using acupressure or magnets is advocated by some to prevent or treat nausea, although scientific data on efficacy of these interventions for preventing motion sickness are equivocal.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Motion Sickness - Chapter 2 - 2016 Yellow Book | Travelers' Health | CDC\\n\\nSkip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to page\\noptions Skip directly to site content\\n\\nStart of Search Controls\\n\\nCDC A-Z Index\\n\\n * MENU\\n * CDC A-Z\\n * SEARCH\\n\\n * A\\n * B\\n * C\\n * D\\n * E\\n * F\\n * G\\n * H\\n * I\\n * J\\n * K\\n * L\\n * M\\n * N\\n * O\\n * P\\n * Q\\n * R\\n * S\\n * T\\n * U\\n * V\\n * W\\n * X\\n * Y\\n * Z\\n * #\\n\\nStart of Search Controls\\n\\n## Travelers' Health\\n\\n# Chapter 2 The Pre-Travel Consultation Self-Treatable Conditions\\n\\nRecommend on Facebook Tweet ShareCompartir\\n\\n * Chapter 2 - Jet Lag\\n * Chapter 2 - Respiratory Infections\\n\\n## Motion Sickness\\n\\nStefanie K. Erskine\\n\\n### RISK FOR TRAVELERS\\n\\nMotion sickness is the term attributed to physiologic responses of the body to\\nmotion by sea, car, train or air. Given sufficient stimulus all people with\\nfunctional vestibular systems can develop motion sickness. However, people\\nvary in their susceptibility. Risk factors include the following:\\n\\n * Age—children aged 2–12 years are especially susceptible, but infants and toddlers are generally immune.\\n * Sex—women are more likely to have motion sickness, especially when pregnant, menstruating, or on hormones.\\n * Migraines—people who get migraine headaches are more prone to motion sickness, especially during a migraine.\\n * Medication—some prescriptions can worsen the nausea of motion sickness (Table 2-08).\\n\\n### Table 2-08. Medications that may increase nausea\\n\\nMEDICATION CLASS| EXAMPLES \\n---|--- \\nAntibiotics| Azithromycin, metronidazole, erythromycin, trimethoprim-\\nsulfamethoxazole \\nAntiparasitics| Albendazole, thiabendazole, iodoquinol, chloroquine,\\nmefloquine \\nEstrogens| Oral contraceptives, estradiol \\nCardiovascular| Digoxin, levodopa \\nNarcotic analgesics| Codeine, morphine, meperidine \\nNonsteroidal analgesics| Ibuprophen, naproxen, indomethacin \\nAntidepressants| Fluoxetine, paroxitene, sertraline \\nAsthma medication| Aminophylline \\nBisphosphonates| Alendronate sodium, ibandronate sodium, risedronate sodium \\n \\n### TREATMENT\\n\\nNonpharmacologic treatments for preventing and treating motion sickness can be\\neffective with few adverse side effects (see Prevention below). However, these\\nmeasures can be time-consuming and unpleasant for travelers. Many patients\\nwill prefer medication. A primary side effect of most efficacious medications\\nused for motion sickness is drowsiness, along with other drug-specific side\\neffects. Some medications may interfere with or delay acclimation to the\\noffending movement. Because gastric stasis can occur with motion sickness,\\nparenteral delivery may be advantageous.\\n\\nAntihistamines are the most frequently used and widely available medications\\nfor motion sickness; non-sedating ones appear to be less effective.\\nAntihistamines commonly used for motion sickness include cinnarizine (not\\ncurrently available in the United States), cyclizine, dimenhydrinate,\\nmeclizine, and promethazine (oral and suppository). Other common medications\\nused to treat motion sickness are scopolamine (hyoscine, oral and\\ntransdermal), antidopaminergic drugs (such as prochlorperazine),\\nmetoclopramide, sympathomimetics, and benzodiazepines. Clinical trials have\\nnot shown that ondansetron, a drug commonly used as an antiemetic in cancer\\npatients, is effective in the prevention of nausea associated with motion\\nsickness.\\n\\nWhen recommending any of these medications to travelers, providers should make\\nsure that patients understand the risks and benefits, possible undesirable\\nside effects, and potential drug interactions. Travelers may consider trying\\nthe medication before travel to see what effect it has on them.\\n\\n#### Medications in Children\\n\\nFor children aged 2–12 years, dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), 1–1.5 mg/kg per\\ndose, or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 0.5–1 mg/kg per dose up to 25 mg, can be\\ngiven 1 hour before travel and every 6 hours during the trip. Because some\\nchildren have paradoxical agitation with these medicines, a test dose should\\nbe given at home before departure.\\n\\nAntihistamines are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat\\nmotion sickness in children. Caregivers should be reminded to always ask a\\nphysician, pharmacist, or other clinician if they have any questions about how\\nto use or dose antihistamines in children before they administer the\\nmedication. Oversedation of young children with antihistamines can be life-\\nthreatening.\\n\\nScopolamine can cause dangerous adverse effects in children and should not be\\nused; prochlorperazine and metoclopramide should be used with caution in\\nchildren.\\n\\n#### Medications in Pregnancy\\n\\nDrugs with the most safety data regarding the treatment of the nausea of\\npregnancy are the logical first choice. Alphabetical scoring of the safety of\\nmedications in pregnancy may not be helpful, and clinicians should review the\\nactual safety data or call the patient’s obstetric provider for suggestions.\\nWeb-based information may be found at the websites www.Motherisk.org and\\nwww.Reprotox.org.\\n\\n### PREVENTION\\n\\nNonpharmacologic interventions to prevent or treat motion sickness include the\\nfollowing:\\n\\n * Being aware of and avoiding situations that tend to trigger symptoms.\\n * Optimizing position to reduce motion or motion perception—for example, driving a vehicle instead of riding in it, sitting in the front seat of a car or bus, or sitting over the wing of an aircraft.\\n * Reducing sensory input—lying prone, shutting eyes, or looking at the horizon.\\n * Maintaining hydration by drinking water, eating small meals frequently, and limiting alcoholic and caffeinated beverages.\\n * Adding distractions—listening to music or using aromatherapy scents such as mint or lavender. Flavored lozenges may also help, in particular ginger-flavored. Lozenges may also function as distractions or, in the case of ginger, may hasten gastric emptying.\\n * Using acupressure or magnets is advocated by some to prevent or treat nausea, although scientific data on efficacy of these interventions for preventing motion sickness are equivocal.\\n\\n### BIBLIOGRAPHY\\n\\n 1. Murdin L, Golding J, Bronstein A. Managing motion sickness. BMJ. 2011;343:d7430.\\n 2. Priesol AJ. Motion Sickness. Deschler DG, editor. Waltham MA: UpToDate; 2012.\\n 3. Shupak A, Gordon CR. Motion sickness: advances in pathogenesis, prediction, prevention, and treatment. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006 Dec;77(12):1213–23.\\n 4. Takeda N, Morita M, Horii A, Nishiike S, Kitahara T, Uno A. Neural mechanisms of motion sickness. J Med Invest. 2001 Feb;48(1–2):44–59.\\n\\n * Chapter 2 - Jet Lag\\n * Chapter 2 - Respiratory Infections\\n\\n##### File Formats Help:\\n\\nHow do I view different file formats (PDF, DOC, PPT, MPEG) on this site?\\n\\n * Adobe PDF file\\n * Microsoft PowerPoint file\\n * Microsoft Word file\\n * Microsoft Excel file\\n * Audio/Video file\\n * Apple Quicktime file\\n * RealPlayer file\\n * Text file\\n * Zip Archive file\\n * SAS file\\n * ePub file\\n\\n * Page created: July 10, 2015\\n * Page last updated: July 10, 2015\\n * Page last reviewed: July 10, 2015\\n * Content source:\\n\\n * Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID) Division of Global Migration and Quarantine (DGMQ)\\n\\n * ###### Contact CDC\\n\\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention\\n\\n1600 Clifton Road Atlanta, GA 30329-4027 USA\\n\\n800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636)\\n\\nContact CDC-INFO\\n\\nTOP\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511230137/https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Motion sickness, sometimes referred to as sea sickness or car sickness, is a very common disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion. Anyone can develop motion sickness, but people vary in their sensitivity to motion. Motion sickness most commonly affects children from 2 to 12 years old, pregnant women, and people who are prone to migraines. In addition to sea travel, motion sickness can develop from the movement of a car or from turbulence in an airplane.\",\n \"While it may be impossible to prevent all cases of motion sickness, the following tips can help you prevent or lessen the severity of motion sickness:\",\n \"Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol and foods or liquids that \\\"do not agree with you\\\" or make you feel unusually full. Heavy, spicy, or fat-rich foods may worsen motion sickness in some people.\",\n \"Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins.\",\n \"When traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point.\",\n \"Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.\",\n \"The over-the-counter medication meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Dramamine) can be a very effective preventive measure for short trips or for mild cases of motion sickness. Your doctor also may choose to prescribe medications for longer trips or if you repeatedly develop severe motion sickness. One example of a prescription medication is a patch containing scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) that often is effective in preventing motion sickness. Remember that scopolamine can cause drowsiness and has other side effects, and its use should be discussed with your physician prior to your trip.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness\\n\\n * MedicineNet\\n\\n * SEARCH\\n * SYMPTOM CHECKER\\n\\nhome/tips to prevent motion sickness article\\n\\n# 10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness\\n\\n * Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\\n * Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR\\n\\n### What is motion sickness?\\n\\nMotion sickness, sometimes referred to as sea sickness or car sickness, is a\\nvery common disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion.\\nAnyone can develop motion sickness, but people vary in their sensitivity to\\nmotion. Motion sickness most commonly affects children from 2 to 12 years old,\\npregnant women, and people who are prone to migraines. In addition to sea\\ntravel, motion sickness can develop from the movement of a car or from\\nturbulence in an airplane.\\n\\n### What are symptoms of motion sickness?\\n\\nSymptoms of motion sickness are:\\n\\n * nausea,\\n * vomiting,\\n * dizziness,\\n * sweating, and\\n * a sense of feeling unwell.\\n\\nThese symptoms arise from the inner ear (labyrinth) due to changes in a\\nperson's sense of balance and equilibrium.\\n\\n### 10 Tips to prevent motion sickness\\n\\nWhile it may be impossible to prevent all cases of motion sickness, the\\nfollowing tips can help you prevent or lessen the severity of motion sickness:\\n\\n 1. Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol and foods or liquids that \\\"do not agree with you\\\" or make you feel unusually full. Heavy, spicy, or fat-rich foods may worsen motion sickness in some people.\\n 2. Avoiding strong food odors may also help prevent nausea.\\n 3. Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins.\\n 4. Do not sit facing backwards from your direction of travel.\\n 5. Sit in the front seat of a car.\\n 6. Do not read while traveling if you are prone to motion sickness.\\n 7. When traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point.\\n 8. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible.\\n 9. Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.\\n 10. The over-the-counter medication meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Dramamine) can be a very effective preventive measure for short trips or for mild cases of motion sickness. Your doctor also may choose to prescribe medications for longer trips or if you repeatedly develop severe motion sickness. One example of a prescription medication is a patch containing scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) that often is effective in preventing motion sickness. Remember that scopolamine can cause drowsiness and has other side effects, and its use should be discussed with your physician prior to your trip.\\n\\n#### SLIDESHOW\\n\\nThe 14 Most Common Causes of Fatigue See Slideshow\\n\\n## Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\\n\\n * Discover Immunotherapy\\n * Could I have CAD?\\n * Treat Bent Fingers\\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\\n * Tired of Dandruff?\\n * Life with Cancer\\n\\nReferences\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Avrom Simon, MD; Board Certified Preventative Medicine\\nwith Subspecialty in Occupational Medicine\\n\\nREFERENCE:\\n\\nCDC.gov. Motion Sickness.\\n\\n * MedicineNet\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225063736/https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Get 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go. Join today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and in-app.\",\n \"If traveling by car, train, plane, or boat makes you queasy, there’s good news: Not only can you take steps to stop motion sickness before it starts, you may actually be able to conquer it for good.\",\n \"Why some people get motion sickness and others don’t isn’t fully understood. Researchers believe it’s caused by incongruence in our body’s sensory systems. For instance, on a slow-moving cruise ship, your eyes may tell the brain you’re not moving at all, but the systems in your brain and inner ear that control balance and posture (vestibular and somatosensory systems) say, “Yes we are!” This mismatch confuses the brain and causes a variety of symptoms, including:\",\n \"You certainly can take medications to help relieve these symptoms. But if you’d like to try overcoming motion sickness for good, here are some techniques.\",\n \"Not being in the driver’s seat can contribute to motion sickness when you’re traveling by car. The driver of a car is less prone to motion sickness than a passenger, presumably because the driver’s brain is using its motor commands to control the car and can predict the motion. Putting yourself behind the wheel will keep the queasiness at bay. If you must ride as a passenger, try sitting in the front seat and looking at the horizon, which confers a sense of greater control than riding in the back. If you get stuck in the back seat, try conversation and distraction to alleviate the anxiety of not being in control of the situation. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible and avoid reading.\",\n \"Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol, smoking, and foods or liquids that “don’t agree with you” or make you feel unusually full. Foods with strong odors, or ones that are heavy, spicy, or fat-rich may worsen symptoms of nausea or motion sickness in some people.\",\n \"Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins. Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.\",\n \"If you’re getting seasick, lie down to help your sensory systems become congruent. On a train, sit in a front-facing seat so your eyes relay the same movement cues as the vestibules of your inner ear. Also, when traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point. The more you enhance sensory congruence, the less likely you are to get queasy.\",\n \"You actually can talk yourself out of motion sickness. A study found that “verbal placebos” — simply telling sailors they won’t get seasick — have been effective in preventing seasickness. Set your own expectations before traveling by saying aloud, “I’m not going to get carsick this time,” or using other affirmative self-talk. Learning breathing techniques by using biofeedback can help in this endeavor.\",\n \"Desensitization therapy works for minimizing or even curing motion sickness. Expose yourself to short bursts of activities that cause symptoms, and then work up to longer periods. If reading a book in a moving vehicle makes you feel nauseated, try reading for five minutes and then putting the book down. Repeat the five-minute interval over several sessions, then increase to 10 minutes. Over time, you’ll find your body gets used to the activity.\",\n \"Some studies support using ginger as an effective preventive measure for motion sickness. At the very least, it can’t hurt. Take one to two grams of ginger half an hour before traveling for best results. If you’re on prescription blood thinners, consult your doctor before supplementing with ginger.\",\n \"There’s conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of acupressure for motion sickness, but it’s worth a try — even if it’s just for the placebo effect. As mentioned above, simply convincing yourself you can get through a trip without motion sickness can help you avoid it. If wearing pressure point devices—such as wristbands with plastic bumps on them — helps convince your brain you’re not going to get sick, it’s worth a shot. On the other hand, don’t waste your money on magnets. There’s no evidence magnetic devices marketed for motion sickness relief do any good.\",\n \"Seasickness clears up on its own after about three days. Why? The human body possesses an enormous ability to accommodate situations like incongruence between the sensory systems. Again, in the “think it away” category, you may rid yourself of symptoms if you understand and believe they’re going to clear up sooner rather than later.\",\n \"If your children experience motion sickness, be sure to let them know the condition usually starts going away after age 12. Sharing this medical fact may help your kids avoid feeling doomed to motion sickness for the rest of their lives.\",\n \"If you experience severe motion sickness, go ahead and take over-the-counter medications such as Dramamine or Meclizine for it. These are most effective 30 to 60 minutes prior to when you think you’ll be sick, and can be sedating. If you’re a healthy adult with severe symptoms, you can talk to your health care provider about a scopolamine patch to cope with prolonged episodes of motion sickness, such as during the first few days of a cruise. Be forewarned that it can cause drowsiness, dry mouth, and other side effects.\",\n \"Get 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go. Join today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and in-app.\",\n \"Chicago native Helen Eleni Xenos grew up in Greece but returned home to attend Loyola University and begin her medical career. She values One Medical Group’s focus on quality of care and the unique emphasis on technology to enhance service. Primary care has allowed Helen the opportunity to see patients of all ages with a variety of conditions, and to develop long-term therapeutic alliances to improve health, well-being, and quality of life. She has particular interests in women’s health, including office-based procedures such as IUD insertion and colposcopy. Helen strives to be an approachable, careful listener and is always willing to have open conversations about treatment options. Outside of One Medical, Helen volunteers with Chicago Women’s Health, and works as a community clinician and preceptor at the Advocate Illinois Masonic Family Medicine Residency Program. To stay healthy, Helen takes long walks in the park and attends Zumba classes. She loves traveling and trying new foods and restaurants, is conversational in Spanish and fluent in Greek. She attended the University of Illinois School of Medicine and is board- certified in Family Medicine. Eleni is a One Medical Group provider and sees patients in our Chicago offices.\",\n \"Any general advice posted on our blog, website, or app is for informational purposes only and is not intended to replace or substitute for any medical or other advice. The One Medical Group entities and 1Life Healthcare, Inc. make no representations or warranties and expressly disclaim any and all liability concerning any treatment, action by, or effect on any person following the general information offered or provided within or through the blog, website, or app. If you have specific concerns or a situation arises in which you require medical advice, you should consult with an appropriately trained and qualified medical services provider.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness | One Medical\\n\\nCOVID-19 vaccine availability is limited and varies by location. See status in\\nyour area Opens in a new window.\\n\\nHere to keep you healthy. And informed.\\n\\nGet 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go.\\nJoin today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and\\nin-app.\\n\\nJoin Today\\n\\nHome/ Blog/ Get Well/\\n\\n# 10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness\\n\\nNov 1, 2018\\n\\nBy Eleni Xenos\\n\\nLast updated November 1, 2018.\\n\\nIf traveling by car, train, plane, or boat makes you queasy, there’s good\\nnews: Not only can you take steps to stop motion sickness before it starts,\\nyou may actually be able to conquer it for good.\\n\\nWhy some people get motion sickness and others don’t isn’t fully understood.\\nResearchers believe it’s caused by incongruence in our body’s sensory systems.\\nFor instance, on a slow-moving cruise ship, your eyes may tell the brain\\nyou’re not moving at all, but the systems in your brain and inner ear that\\ncontrol balance and posture (vestibular and somatosensory systems) say, “Yes\\nwe are!” This mismatch confuses the brain and causes a variety of symptoms,\\nincluding:\\n\\n * Dizziness\\n * Headache\\n * Nausea\\n * Salivation\\n * Sweating\\n * Belching\\n * Acute awareness of the stomach\\n * Vomiting\\n * Hyperventilation (in extreme cases)\\n\\nYou certainly can take medications to help relieve these symptoms. But if\\nyou’d like to try overcoming motion sickness for good, here are some\\ntechniques.\\n\\n## 1\\\\. Take control of the situation.\\n\\nNot being in the driver’s seat can contribute to motion sickness when you’re\\ntraveling by car. The driver of a car is less prone to motion sickness than a\\npassenger, presumably because the driver’s brain is using its motor commands\\nto control the car and can predict the motion. Putting yourself behind the\\nwheel will keep the queasiness at bay. If you must ride as a passenger, try\\nsitting in the front seat and looking at the horizon, which confers a sense of\\ngreater control than riding in the back. If you get stuck in the back seat,\\ntry conversation and distraction to alleviate the anxiety of not being in\\ncontrol of the situation. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible and\\navoid reading.\\n\\n## 2\\\\. Curb your consumption.\\n\\nWatch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel.\\nAvoid excessive alcohol, smoking, and foods or liquids that “don’t agree with\\nyou” or make you feel unusually full. Foods with strong odors, or ones that\\nare heavy, spicy, or fat-rich may worsen symptoms of nausea or motion sickness\\nin some people.\\n\\n## 3\\\\. Get into position.\\n\\nTry to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of\\nan airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those\\nin lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less\\nmotion than passengers in higher or outer cabins. Isolate yourself from others\\nwho may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion\\nsickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill\\nyourself.\\n\\n## 4\\\\. Equalize your sensory cues.\\n\\nIf you’re getting seasick, lie down to help your sensory systems become\\ncongruent. On a train, sit in a front-facing seat so your eyes relay the same\\nmovement cues as the vestibules of your inner ear. Also, when traveling by car\\nor boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a\\nfixed point. The more you enhance sensory congruence, the less likely you are\\nto get queasy.\\n\\n## 5\\\\. Talk yourself down.\\n\\nYou actually can talk yourself out of motion sickness. A study found that\\n“verbal placebos” — simply telling sailors they won’t get seasick — have been\\neffective in preventing seasickness. Set your own expectations before\\ntraveling by saying aloud, “I’m not going to get carsick this time,” or using\\nother affirmative self-talk. Learning breathing techniques by using\\nbiofeedback can help in this endeavor.\\n\\nDon’t miss 8 Ways to Treat Morning Sickness Naturally.\\n\\n## 6\\\\. Get desensitized.\\n\\nDesensitization therapy works for minimizing or even curing motion sickness.\\nExpose yourself to short bursts of activities that cause symptoms, and then\\nwork up to longer periods. If reading a book in a moving vehicle makes you\\nfeel nauseated, try reading for five minutes and then putting the book down.\\nRepeat the five-minute interval over several sessions, then increase to 10\\nminutes. Over time, you’ll find your body gets used to the activity.\\n\\n## 7\\\\. Pre-treat with ginger.\\n\\nSome studies support using ginger as an effective preventive measure for\\nmotion sickness. At the very least, it can’t hurt. Take one to two grams of\\nginger half an hour before traveling for best results. If you’re on\\nprescription blood thinners, consult your doctor before supplementing with\\nginger.\\n\\n## 8\\\\. Get in touch with your pressure points.\\n\\nThere’s conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of acupressure for\\nmotion sickness, but it’s worth a try — even if it’s just for the placebo\\neffect. As mentioned above, simply convincing yourself you can get through a\\ntrip without motion sickness can help you avoid it. If wearing pressure point\\ndevices—such as wristbands with plastic bumps on them — helps convince your\\nbrain you’re not going to get sick, it’s worth a shot. On the other hand,\\ndon’t waste your money on magnets. There’s no evidence magnetic devices\\nmarketed for motion sickness relief do any good.\\n\\n## 9\\\\. Ride it out.\\n\\nSeasickness clears up on its own after about three days. Why? The human body\\npossesses an enormous ability to accommodate situations like incongruence\\nbetween the sensory systems. Again, in the “think it away” category, you may\\nrid yourself of symptoms if you understand and believe they’re going to clear\\nup sooner rather than later.\\n\\nIf your children experience motion sickness, be sure to let them know the\\ncondition usually starts going away after age 12. Sharing this medical fact\\nmay help your kids avoid feeling doomed to motion sickness for the rest of\\ntheir lives.\\n\\n## 10\\\\. When all else fails, medicate.\\n\\nIf you experience severe motion sickness, go ahead and take over-the-counter\\nmedications such as Dramamine or Meclizine for it. These are most effective 30\\nto 60 minutes prior to when you think you’ll be sick, and can be sedating. If\\nyou’re a healthy adult with severe symptoms, you can talk to your health care\\nprovider about a scopolamine patch to cope with prolonged episodes of motion\\nsickness, such as during the first few days of a cruise. Be forewarned that it\\ncan cause drowsiness, dry mouth, and other side effects.\\n\\nIf motion sickness continues to be a problem, make an appointment with your\\nprovider to talk about your options.\\n\\nHere to keep you healthy. And informed.\\n\\nGet 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go.\\nJoin today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and\\nin-app.\\n\\nJoin Today\\n\\n### Tags\\n\\nnausea natural remedies cruise motion sickness seasickness travel illness\\ntravel travel health travel health tips\\n\\nEleni Xenos\\n\\nChicago native Helen Eleni Xenos grew up in Greece but returned home to attend\\nLoyola University and begin her medical career. She values One Medical Group’s\\nfocus on quality of care and the unique emphasis on technology to enhance\\nservice. Primary care has allowed Helen the opportunity to see patients of all\\nages with a variety of conditions, and to develop long-term therapeutic\\nalliances to improve health, well-being, and quality of life. She has\\nparticular interests in women’s health, including office-based procedures such\\nas IUD insertion and colposcopy. Helen strives to be an approachable, careful\\nlistener and is always willing to have open conversations about treatment\\noptions. Outside of One Medical, Helen volunteers with Chicago Women’s Health,\\nand works as a community clinician and preceptor at the Advocate Illinois\\nMasonic Family Medicine Residency Program. To stay healthy, Helen takes long\\nwalks in the park and attends Zumba classes. She loves traveling and trying\\nnew foods and restaurants, is conversational in Spanish and fluent in Greek.\\nShe attended the University of Illinois School of Medicine and is board-\\ncertified in Family Medicine. Eleni is a One Medical Group provider and sees\\npatients in our Chicago offices.\\n\\nThe One Medical blog is published by One Medical, an innovative primary care\\npractice with offices in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York,\\nOrange County,Phoenix, Portland, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area,\\nSeattle, and Washington, DC.\\n\\nAny general advice posted on our blog, website, or app is for informational\\npurposes only and is not intended to replace or substitute for any medical or\\nother advice. The One Medical Group entities and 1Life Healthcare, Inc. make\\nno representations or warranties and expressly disclaim any and all liability\\nconcerning any treatment, action by, or effect on any person following the\\ngeneral information offered or provided within or through the blog, website,\\nor app. If you have specific concerns or a situation arises in which you\\nrequire medical advice, you should consult with an appropriately trained and\\nqualified medical services provider.\\n\\n * Blog\\n * Media center\\n * About\\n * Investor relations\\n * Practice integration\\n * Sponsored membership\\n * Careers\\n * Contact us\\n * FAQ\\n * Give a membership\\n\\n * Facebook opens in a new window\\n * Twitter opens in a new window\\n * YouTube opens in a new window\\n * Instagram opens in a new window\\n * LinkedIn opens in a new window\\n\\n©2021 1Life Healthcare, Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n * Membership terms of service\\n * Medical terms of service\\n * Privacy policy\\n * HIPAA NPP\\n * Employee Privacy Notice\\n * Code of Business Conduct\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":375,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1688338,"string":"1,688,338"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Remove Oil Stains from Carpeting"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To remove oil stains from carpeting, cover the stain with baking soda or corn starch, and rub it in with an old toothbrush or scrub brush. Let it sit for 15 minutes, then use a vacuum to remove the baking soda or corn starch. Next, rub in a few drops of dish soap, then pour warm water over the stained area. Afterwards, blot with a clean cloth or sponge until all the soap is removed. Finally, air dry the carpet by hanging or laying it out in a well-ventilated area."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210312150939/https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water","http://web.archive.org/web/20210421043019/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210819080904/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/","http://web.archive.org/web/20191101145621/http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210312150939/https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421043019/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210819080904/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191101145621/http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2471,"string":"2,471"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210312150939/https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water","parsed_text":{"title":"Rubbing Alcohol Only Looks Like Water","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Rubbing Alcohol Only Looks Like Water\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421043019/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet","passages":["Patti asked: How do I clean olive oil off of carpeting? I have off-white carpeting, and I spilled olive oil on the carpet.","Oil spills on carpet are some of the trickiest clean-ups in any home. Spilling oil on the hard kitchen floor is frustrating enough, but when it soaks into the carpet fibers, it’s a whole new challenge to pull it out. Fortunately, oil is not permanent and can be removed. Follow these steps and you’ll be on your way to a clean carpet in no time.","Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.","For fresh stains, begin by soaking up as much of the oil as possible with one of the absorbent materials above. Press towels, newspapers or brown paper bags onto the area to soak up the oil. If using newspaper, do not allow the print to set on the carpet for long or the ink will transfer to the carpet.","Once a majority of the oil has been soaked up with the paper or cloths, cover it completely with cornstarch. Brush it over the area slightly to work it into the fibers. The cornstarch will soak up the oil from the fibers, leaving you with less to scrub out later on.","If the spill was large, repeat with a second coat of powder or cornstarch and allow it to set for another hour.","Apply a small amount of grease-fighting dish detergent to the area. Spread it around to form a thin layer. Work it into the fibers a little with your fingers so that all of the areas are covered.","Removing the dish soap is the most time consuming part of this process. Though only a small amount was used, it suds up when water is added.","If a carpet cleaner is available, it will make this “rinsing” part much easier. Keep in mind that many units do not like suds, and the dish soap suds up when it is vacuumed out. Empty the water container often to keep them from becoming a problem.","When the area is completely rinsed, place a couple of towels over the area and press down firmly. This will absorb the extra water.","A fan or dehumidifier can be placed near the area to help speed the drying process. Allowing the carpet to stay moist for too long may result in mold.","Dry cleaning solvent can also be used to treat oil stains. Blot it onto the stained area with a clean cloth and blot with a separate cloth to remove.","I spilled oil on the carpet of my car. Now, the carpet can’t come off. How do I remove the stain knowing that I can’t remove the carpet to wash it?","Aj, The steps in the article are for cleaning a carpet that is non-removable, so it should work. When you get to the step for washing (rinsing) the carpet, you just do the same procedure as you would for upholstery; sponge on water, then blot it up.","Zoy, The guide has been updated to include a step for old oil stains. It is the first step. “Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.”","I had a bottle of olive oil spill on a throw rug. I have tried to wash it. It came out on the top part of the rug, but the rubber backing is still oily feeling. How do I get that off the backing?"]},"parsed_md":"How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet » How To Clean Stuff.net\n\n## Skip links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nHow To Clean Stuff.net\n\n## Header Right\n\n# How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet\n\nTable of Contents:\n\n 1. You Will Need\n 2. Steps to Remove the Oil\n 3. Additional Tips and Advice\n 4. Sources\n\nadvertisement\n\nPatti asked: How do I clean olive oil off of carpeting? I have off-white\ncarpeting, and I spilled olive oil on the carpet.\n\nOil spills on carpet are some of the trickiest clean-ups in any home. Spilling\noil on the hard kitchen floor is frustrating enough, but when it soaks into\nthe carpet fibers, it’s a whole new challenge to pull it out. Fortunately, oil\nis not permanent and can be removed. Follow these steps and you’ll be on your\nway to a clean carpet in no time.\n\n## You Will Need:\n\n * Absorbent cloths/newspapers/brown paper bags\n * Grease-fighting dish soap (ex: Dawn)\n * Cornstarch (baby powder will also work)\n * Vacuum\n * Toothbrush\n * Bucket\n * Sponges or soft cloths\n * Water\n * Towels\n * Patience\n\n## Steps to Remove the Oil:\n\n 1. Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.\n 2. For fresh stains, begin by soaking up as much of the oil as possible with one of the absorbent materials above. Press towels, newspapers or brown paper bags onto the area to soak up the oil. If using newspaper, do not allow the print to set on the carpet for long or the ink will transfer to the carpet.\n 3. Once a majority of the oil has been soaked up with the paper or cloths, cover it completely with cornstarch. Brush it over the area slightly to work it into the fibers. The cornstarch will soak up the oil from the fibers, leaving you with less to scrub out later on.\n 4. Allow the cornstarch to set on the area for at least one hour.\n 5. Vacuum the area to remove the powder or cornstarch.\n 6. If the spill was large, repeat with a second coat of powder or cornstarch and allow it to set for another hour.\n 7. Vacuum the excess away.\n 8. Now you are ready to tackle the last bits of oil still left in the carpet.\n 9. Apply a small amount of grease-fighting dish detergent to the area. Spread it around to form a thin layer. Work it into the fibers a little with your fingers so that all of the areas are covered.\n 10. Scrub with a soft brush or old toothbrush to work it into the fibers further.\n 11. Removing the dish soap is the most time consuming part of this process. Though only a small amount was used, it suds up when water is added.\n 12. Pour a small amount of water onto the area and immediately blot it up with a clean cloth.\n 13. Repeat until all of the soap is removed.\n 14. If a carpet cleaner is available, it will make this “rinsing” part much easier. Keep in mind that many units do not like suds, and the dish soap suds up when it is vacuumed out. Empty the water container often to keep them from becoming a problem.\n 15. When the area is completely rinsed, place a couple of towels over the area and press down firmly. This will absorb the extra water.\n 16. Allow the area to dry completely.\n\nadvertisement\n\n## Additional Tips and Advice\n\n * A fan or dehumidifier can be placed near the area to help speed the drying process. Allowing the carpet to stay moist for too long may result in mold.\n * Dry cleaning solvent can also be used to treat oil stains. Blot it onto the stained area with a clean cloth and blot with a separate cloth to remove.\n * For extra cleaning power, mix vinegar with the dish detergent, then apply to the stained area.\n\n## Sources\n\n * The Super Stain Remover Book by Jack Cassimatis\n\nFiled Under: Carpets and Rugs, Cleaning Guides Tagged With: carpet, oil\n\n## Was This Guide Helpful?\n\n+30\n\n-1\n\nRating: +29. From 31 votes.\n\nPlease wait...\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n## Related Posts\n\nHow to Get Chewing Gum out of Carpet\n\nHow to Clean Blood from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove a Marinara Sauce Stain from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove Yogurt Stains\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Hilary says\n\nDecember 1, 2012 at 9:07 pm\n\nI put vinegar on the spot and the stain disappeared. No need for the dish\nsoap!\n\nLike\n\n2\n\n2 people like this.\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 2. Alan says\n\nJuly 23, 2015 at 5:53 am\n\nThis works for furniture oil as well.\n\nLike\n\n1\n\n1 person likes this.\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 3. Nick says\n\nAugust 4, 2015 at 3:25 pm\n\nSpilled olive oil on the back seat of my car. How do I remove the oil?\n\nCheck it out! We’ve answered your question! Yay!\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 4. Mary says\n\nJuly 8, 2015 at 9:53 am\n\nAny suggestions on removing oil stain from a seisal mat?\n\nCheck it out! We’ve answered your question! Yay!\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 5. Aj says\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 1:16 am\n\nI spilled oil on the carpet of my car. Now, the carpet can’t come off. How do\nI remove the stain knowing that I can’t remove the carpet to wash it?\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nFebruary 20, 2016 at 1:31 am\n\nAj, The steps in the article are for cleaning a carpet that is non-removable,\nso it should work. When you get to the step for washing (rinsing) the carpet,\nyou just do the same procedure as you would for upholstery; sponge on water,\nthen blot it up.\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 6. Zoy says\n\nJune 28, 2016 at 12:47 am\n\nHello, If the oil stain was old, how can I remove it?\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nJuly 1, 2016 at 10:50 pm\n\nZoy, The guide has been updated to include a step for old oil stains. It is\nthe first step. “Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of\nliquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is\nsimply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the\nstain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.”\n\nLike\n\n1\n\n1 person likes this.\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 7. JoAnn says\n\nJune 17, 2012 at 11:08 pm\n\nI had a bottle of olive oil spill on a throw rug. I have tried to wash it. It\ncame out on the top part of the rug, but the rubber backing is still oily\nfeeling. How do I get that off the backing?\n\nThank you\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### advertisement\n\n### Featured Guides\n\n#### The Best Air-Cleaning Plants For Your Home\n\n#### “Empty The Garden Centers” – A Call To Clean The Air In Response to the\nAmazon Fires\n\n#### What is the Pixie Stamp?\n\n#### Natural Liquid-Free Way to Clean Your Phone on the Go for Cheap\n\n## Related Posts\n\nHow to Get Chewing Gum out of Carpet\n\nHow to Clean Blood from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove a Marinara Sauce Stain from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove Yogurt Stains\n\n## Footer\n\n### Cleaning Index\n\n * Cleaning Blog\n * Automotive\n * Clothing & Fabrics\n * Floor & Carpet\n * House\n * Kitchen & Bath\n * Outdoors\n * People & Pets\n * Things You Own\n\n### Site Search:\n\n### About Us\n\n * About Us\n * Guest Post Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Accessibility Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Ask a Question\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n\n© Copyright 2021 HowToCleanStuff.net · All Rights Reserved ·\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210819080904/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Get Grease Stains Out of Clothes","passages":["Even though pizza is your favorite Friday night dinner, it's often the culprit behind life's worst grease stains. \"Grease is one of the most common stains I get asked about and it can be one of the toughest to remove, especially from synthetic fabrics, like polyester,\" Carolyn Forte, Director of the Home Appliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute, says.","Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam worked the best on grease in our Cleaning Lab tests, but if you're at work or nowhere near a laundry room, there are a couple of easy remedies that will help get out fresh grease stains. Forte's go-to for removing grease stains on the go: dish soap. It's made to cut grease on your plates, so it can also help with your clothes.","The condiments on your table can work magic, too. A sprinkle of salt or artificial sweetener helps prevent an oil stain from setting into the fabric and makes it easier to lift when you're doing laundry later on.","Follow these six simple steps for getting out new and old grease stains, no matter where you are (or what oily food you spilled).","If you're out and about, quickly sprinkle a little salt or artificial sweetener on the stain to keep it from setting.","When it's time to launder it, rub in liquid laundry detergent or apply a pre-treater, like Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam.","This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io","A Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."]},"parsed_md":"How to Get Grease Stains Out of Clothes - Remove Grease from Carpet and Shirts\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nAmazon's Best Back-to-School Deals of 2021\n\n2\n\n105 Boy Dog Names That Are as Charming and Special\n\n3\n\nI Was Determined to Find a Unique Name for My Son\n\n4\n\n25 Beautiful Blue Bedrooms That Will Inspire\n\n5\n\nHow to Count Macronutrients Like a Pro\n\nWe may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products\nwe back. Why trust us?\n\n# How to Get Grease Out of Clothes, Whether the Stain Is Fresh or Dried\n\nBecause you're not about to give up pizza.\n\nBy Caroline Picard and Carolyn Forte, Good Housekeeping Institute\n\nMar 29, 2021\n\nGetty Images\n\nEven though pizza is your favorite Friday night dinner, it's often the culprit\nbehind life's worst grease stains. \"Grease is one of the most common stains I\nget asked about and it can be one of the toughest to remove, especially from\nsynthetic fabrics, like polyester,\" Carolyn Forte, Director of the Home\nAppliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute, says.\n\nShout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam worked the best on grease in our Cleaning\nLab tests, but if you're at work or nowhere near a laundry room, there are a\ncouple of easy remedies that will help get out fresh grease stains. Forte's\ngo-to for removing grease stains on the go: dish soap. It's made to cut grease\non your plates, so it can also help with your clothes.\n\nThe condiments on your table can work magic, too. A sprinkle of salt or\nartificial sweetener helps prevent an oil stain from setting into the fabric\nand makes it easier to lift when you're doing laundry later on.\n\n## How to Get Grease Stains Out of Washable Clothes\n\nFollow these six simple steps for getting out new and old grease stains, no\nmatter where you are (or what oily food you spilled).\n\n#### Materials\n\n * Salt or artificial sweetener\n * Dish soap\n * Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam or another pre-treater\n\n#### Step-by-step Instructions\n\n 1. If you're out and about, quickly sprinkle a little salt or artificial sweetener on the stain to keep it from setting.\n 2. Brush off the powder after a few minutes.\n 3. At home, immediately work a little grease-cutting dishwashing soap into the stain and rinse with warm water.\n 4. When it's time to launder it, rub in liquid laundry detergent or apply a pre-treater, like Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam.\n 5. Wash in the hottest water safe for the fabric.\n 6. Air dry the garment until you are sure the stain is completely gone.\n\nThat's it! Consider your work shirt officially saved.\n\nCaroline Picard Health Editor Caroline is the Health Editor at\nGoodHousekeeping.com covering nutrition, fitness, wellness, and other\nlifestyle news.\n\nCarolyn Forte, Good Housekeeping Institute Director, Home Appliances &\nCleaning Products Lab Carolyn Forte, a consumer products expert, is the\ndirector of the Home Appliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good\nHousekeeping Institute.\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Stain Buster\n\nHow to Deep Clean a Mattress Yourself\n\nHow to Easily Remove Pen Ink From Clothes\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nHow to Get Coffee Stains Out of Everything\n\nHow to Remove Red Wine Stains\n\nHow to Remove Sweat Stains From White Shirts\n\n8 Homemade Cleaners You Can Make Yourself\n\nHow to Make Your Microwave Look and Smell Like New\n\nThe Least Gross Way to Get Rid of Poop Stains\n\nHow to Take Mascara Stains Out of Anything\n\nOur 50 Best Tips to Make Your House Super Clean\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give GH as a Gift\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Newsletter\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Work for Good Housekeeping\n * Media Kit\n * Advertise Online\n * Customer Service\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20191101145621/http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Remove Carpet Stain-Stain Removal","passages":["Enjoy clean and beautiful looking carpets. No more stains, no more odor! Learn proven ways to remove carpet stains throughout the house.","Have you noticed that your carpet is looking a little drab? Does it look old and tired with too many stains? Unfortunately, this problem is very common. Carpet sales are big business for this very reason.","However, before you run out and spend a fortune to replace stained carpet, you might consider trying to remove the stains first. Many times, people will end up with stains caused by pet urine, coffee, lipstick, chocolate, grease, and other things that are believed impossible to remove.","In truth, some stains are difficult to get rid of but with the appropriate methods or products, you would be amazed at how you can transform and revitalize your carpeting.","This article will teach you a number of methods on how to remove carpet stains so you can once again have beautiful, new-looking carpet. Most stains like those mentioned and many more, can be removed and to the point where your carpeting will look amazing.","Coffee and other drink stains are common for carpets. People get in a hurry, bump into something, kids play, and soon, spills happen.","To remove carpet stains caused by coffee, as well as tea, wine, and grape juice, start by blotting up as much of the liquid as you possibly can, using a white towel or paper towels. In fact, if you have a wet or shop vacuum, that would be he perfect solution.","Once you have the excess liquid absorbed, sprinkle the stain with your choice of tonic water, 7-Up, or club soda. Make sure you use a liberal amount and then let the liquid stand for about five minutes.","Next, take a clean white towel or paper towel and again blot to remove the liquid. You might even consider standing on the towel to apply some weight, which will help. Repeat the cleaning process as many times as necessary to remove the moisture. Finally, rinse the area with clean water, using a fresh towel to go through the blotting process again to remove excess liquid.","Another great way to remove carpet stains caused by coffee is to create a mixture of one-quarter teaspoon dishwashing soap such as Dawn or Sunlight, with one quart of warm water. Using just a small amount of the solution, work it into the stain.","Go back to the towel procedure of blotting up the moisture and the stain will disappear. One other option is to sprinkle the coffee stain with 3% hydrogen peroxide, letting it stand for four to six hours. At that point, blot up as much of the peroxide as you can and then reapply more, letting it stand this time overnight. In the morning, blot off any excess peroxide, blotting one final time. You will be amazed at how great your carpet looks.","If you have small children, chances are you have crayon marks somewhere on your carpeting. Perhaps you live in a construction zone where roads are being worked on and you notice tar or you might simply have areas where greasy food has dropped, leaving an unwanted stain. Regardless of the case, all three of these problems can be removed using the same techniques. These steps will show you how to remove carpet stains, giving your room a new appearance.","For starters, we suggest you apply a dry cleaning solvent onto a slightly damp, terrycloth or cotton towel (a white towel is best). Use the moisture on the towel to blot and to remove as much of the stain as possible. Many times, the stain will come right up but if not, you may need to repeat the cleaning process several times. Do not be discouraged if you do because oil, tar, and crayon can be stubborn.","After you notice the stain disappearing, rinse the area well with clean, warm water. By using a white towel, you will be able to see when the stain no longer appears on it, giving you a good indication that it is no longer in the carpet. You can also try rubbing alcohol, also applying it to a clean white towel. With this, if the spot is deep in the carpet pile, then blot until the stain is removed. The key with using alcohol is to avoid using too much. The reason is that if alcohol penetrates carpet backing, it can damage or destroy the latex bond. Now, to remove the carpet stain if it is on the surface only, rub going in just one direction and stop once the stain is gone.","Another great tip for removing carpet stains from oil, tar, or crayon is to use one-quarter teaspoon of dishwashing detergent (without lanolin or bleach) with one-quarter water. Using the blotting motion and a clean, white towel, the stain should come right up. When done, spray the area with clean water to rinse, again blotting to remove the excess liquid. When dry, vacuum as usual and enjoy a clean carpet.","Two other common types of stains are chocolate and ice cream, especially in carpeted kitchens, dining rooms, and family rooms. To remove carpet stains such as these, start by scraping off any excess stain. Sometimes, chocolate and ice cream will dry, leaving behind a raised residue. You want to get this off first before working on the stain underneath. Next, make a mixture of one- teaspoon dishwashing soap and one cup of warm water.","Take a clean, white towel and moisten it with the detergent mixture. Apply to the stain and blot (do not rub) to remove as much of the stain as possible. More than likely, you will need to repeat the cleaning process several times to get the stain up so be patient. Once you find that no more chocolate or ice cream transfers to the cloth rinse the area with clean water, again blotting to get up any leftover moisture.","As mentioned, carpets will get dirty from everyday use. To replace carpeting is expensive and most often, you can remove carpet stains and make a huge difference in how your carpet looks and feels. Therefore, before you make a major investment, try it.","Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, Mrs Clean (Corina Wilson) is not only the owner of the company, but a very busy mother of 3 children.","Mrs Clean realized long ago, that a clean home is a necessity, not a luxury when we are struggling to find the time in our day to cover the very basic levels of work and/or family obligations. The battle seems to never end... (but that's why we're here to help!)","When Mrs Clean is not busy managing her house cleaning company or running her kids back and forth to their events, she enjoys experimenting with natural and non-toxic cleaners and learning new techniques to remove stains.","Mrs Clean's house cleaning tips, stain removal, organizing tips & product/equipment review data is for general guidance and research purposes only. Cleaning products ingredients vary and you should read all labels carefully and follow the manufacturers instructions completely. Always test your cleaning or stain removal treatments in an inconspicuous area first, to ensure colorfastness and suitability.","Check out our new home Remedies & natural cures. We'd love to hear your feed back or any comments you have."]},"parsed_md":"Remove Carpet Stain-Stain Removal\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Contact Mrs Clean\n * House Cleaning Tips\n * Equipment Reviews\n\nHouse Cleaning Tips > Stain Removal > Remove Carpet Stain\n\n# How To Remove Carpet Stains\n\n## Carpet Stain Removal Tips\n\nEnjoy clean and beautiful looking carpets. No more stains, no more odor! Learn\nproven ways to remove carpet stains throughout the house.\n\nHave you noticed that your carpet is looking a little drab? Does it look old\nand tired with too many stains? Unfortunately, this problem is very common.\nCarpet sales are big business for this very reason.\n\nHowever, before you run out and spend a fortune to replace stained carpet, you\nmight consider trying to remove the stains first. Many times, people will end\nup with stains caused by pet urine, coffee, lipstick, chocolate, grease, and\nother things that are believed impossible to remove.\n\nIn truth, some stains are difficult to get rid of but with the appropriate\nmethods or products, you would be amazed at how you can transform and\nrevitalize your carpeting.\n\nThis article will teach you a number of methods on how to remove carpet stains\nso you can once again have beautiful, new-looking carpet. Most stains like\nthose mentioned and many more, can be removed and to the point where your\ncarpeting will look amazing.\n\n### Removing Coffee Stains From Carpet\n\nCoffee and other drink stains are common for carpets. People get in a hurry,\nbump into something, kids play, and soon, spills happen.\n\nTo remove carpet stains caused by coffee, as well as tea, wine, and grape\njuice, start by blotting up as much of the liquid as you possibly can, using a\nwhite towel or paper towels. In fact, if you have a wet or shop vacuum, that\nwould be he perfect solution.\n\nOnce you have the excess liquid absorbed, sprinkle the stain with your choice\nof tonic water, 7-Up, or club soda. Make sure you use a liberal amount and\nthen let the liquid stand for about five minutes.\n\nNext, take a clean white towel or paper towel and again blot to remove the\nliquid. You might even consider standing on the towel to apply some weight,\nwhich will help. Repeat the cleaning process as many times as necessary to\nremove the moisture. Finally, rinse the area with clean water, using a fresh\ntowel to go through the blotting process again to remove excess liquid.\n\nAnother great way to remove carpet stains caused by coffee is to create a\nmixture of one-quarter teaspoon dishwashing soap such as Dawn or Sunlight,\nwith one quart of warm water. Using just a small amount of the solution, work\nit into the stain.\n\nGo back to the towel procedure of blotting up the moisture and the stain will\ndisappear. One other option is to sprinkle the coffee stain with 3% hydrogen\nperoxide, letting it stand for four to six hours. At that point, blot up as\nmuch of the peroxide as you can and then reapply more, letting it stand this\ntime overnight. In the morning, blot off any excess peroxide, blotting one\nfinal time. You will be amazed at how great your carpet looks.\n\n### Removing Oil, Tar, and Crayon Stains From Carpet\n\nIf you have small children, chances are you have crayon marks somewhere on\nyour carpeting. Perhaps you live in a construction zone where roads are being\nworked on and you notice tar or you might simply have areas where greasy food\nhas dropped, leaving an unwanted stain. Regardless of the case, all three of\nthese problems can be removed using the same techniques. These steps will show\nyou how to remove carpet stains, giving your room a new appearance.\n\nFor starters, we suggest you apply a dry cleaning solvent onto a slightly\ndamp, terrycloth or cotton towel (a white towel is best). Use the moisture on\nthe towel to blot and to remove as much of the stain as possible. Many times,\nthe stain will come right up but if not, you may need to repeat the cleaning\nprocess several times. Do not be discouraged if you do because oil, tar, and\ncrayon can be stubborn.\n\nAfter you notice the stain disappearing, rinse the area well with clean, warm\nwater. By using a white towel, you will be able to see when the stain no\nlonger appears on it, giving you a good indication that it is no longer in the\ncarpet. You can also try rubbing alcohol, also applying it to a clean white\ntowel. With this, if the spot is deep in the carpet pile, then blot until the\nstain is removed. The key with using alcohol is to avoid using too much. The\nreason is that if alcohol penetrates carpet backing, it can damage or destroy\nthe latex bond. Now, to remove the carpet stain if it is on the surface only,\nrub going in just one direction and stop once the stain is gone.\n\nAnother great tip for removing carpet stains from oil, tar, or crayon is to\nuse one-quarter teaspoon of dishwashing detergent (without lanolin or bleach)\nwith one-quarter water. Using the blotting motion and a clean, white towel,\nthe stain should come right up. When done, spray the area with clean water to\nrinse, again blotting to remove the excess liquid. When dry, vacuum as usual\nand enjoy a clean carpet.\n\n### Get Rid of Chocolate and Ice Cream Stains From Carpet\n\nTwo other common types of stains are chocolate and ice cream, especially in\ncarpeted kitchens, dining rooms, and family rooms. To remove carpet stains\nsuch as these, start by scraping off any excess stain. Sometimes, chocolate\nand ice cream will dry, leaving behind a raised residue. You want to get this\noff first before working on the stain underneath. Next, make a mixture of one-\nteaspoon dishwashing soap and one cup of warm water.\n\nTake a clean, white towel and moisten it with the detergent mixture. Apply to\nthe stain and blot (do not rub) to remove as much of the stain as possible.\nMore than likely, you will need to repeat the cleaning process several times\nto get the stain up so be patient. Once you find that no more chocolate or ice\ncream transfers to the cloth rinse the area with clean water, again blotting\nto get up any leftover moisture.\n\nAs mentioned, carpets will get dirty from everyday use. To replace carpeting\nis expensive and most often, you can remove carpet stains and make a huge\ndifference in how your carpet looks and feels. Therefore, before you make a\nmajor investment, try it.\n\nCreated: 17 July 2009. Modified: 26 November 2011.\n\n| Print |\n\n### Connect with Mrs Clean!\n\nBorn and raised in Seattle, Washington, Mrs Clean (Corina Wilson) is not only\nthe owner of the company, but a very busy mother of 3 children.\n\nMrs Clean realized long ago, that a clean home is a necessity, not a luxury\nwhen we are struggling to find the time in our day to cover the very basic\nlevels of work and/or family obligations. The battle seems to never end...\n(but that's why we're here to help!)\n\nWhen Mrs Clean is not busy managing her house cleaning company or running her\nkids back and forth to their events, she enjoys experimenting with natural and\nnon-toxic cleaners and learning new techniques to remove stains.\n\nShe thoroughly enjoys sharing her valuable information with the readers of her\nblogs and various social media sites.\n\n### Valuable Cleaning Tips!\n\nConnect with Mrs Clean for valuable House Cleaning Tips on Twitter.\n\nCopyright © By Mrs Clean House Cleaning and Maid Service. All rights Reserved.\n\nHonest to Goodness Clean ®\n\n * House Cleaning Tips\n\n * Bathrooms\n * Bedrooms\n * Checklists\n * Cleaning Tip\n * Cleaning Products\n * Clothing\n * Clutter\n * Floors\n * Furniture\n * Glass\n * Kitchen\n * Living Area\n * Odor Removal\n * Organizing\n * Pet Stains\n * Stain Removal\n * Guest Post\n * Product Reviews\n\n * Steam Cleaners\n * Vacuum Cleaners\n * Buffer Polisher\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Contact Mrs Clean\n * House Cleaning Tips\n * Equipment Reviews\n\nDo one thing. Do it well. Do it better than anyone else. Do it for less.\n\n * About Us\n * Mrs Clean\n * Our Mission\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * Submit Article\n * Link to Us\n\n * Top\n\nMrs Clean's house cleaning tips, stain removal, organizing tips &\nproduct/equipment review data is for general guidance and research purposes\nonly. Cleaning products ingredients vary and you should read all labels\ncarefully and follow the manufacturers instructions completely. Always test\nyour cleaning or stain removal treatments in an inconspicuous area first, to\nensure colorfastness and suitability.\n\n### Latest Pins on Pinterest\n\nCheck out our new home Remedies & natural cures. We'd love to hear your feed\nback or any comments you have.\n\nContact Mrs Clean at Mrs Clean, Inc. Bellevue / Redmond / Sammamish: (425)\n881-8411, Seattle / Toll Free: (888) Clean-07 / (888) 253-2607 Mill Creek /\nKirkland / Woodinville / Lynnwood: (425) 787-9252\n\nCopyright © 2003 - 2019. Mrs. Clean's House Cleaning & Maid Service. All\nrights reserved by Mrs Clean.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210312150939/https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Rubbing Alcohol Only Looks Like Water\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Rubbing Alcohol Only Looks Like Water\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421043019/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Patti asked: How do I clean olive oil off of carpeting? I have off-white carpeting, and I spilled olive oil on the carpet.\",\n \"Oil spills on carpet are some of the trickiest clean-ups in any home. Spilling oil on the hard kitchen floor is frustrating enough, but when it soaks into the carpet fibers, it’s a whole new challenge to pull it out. Fortunately, oil is not permanent and can be removed. Follow these steps and you’ll be on your way to a clean carpet in no time.\",\n \"Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.\",\n \"For fresh stains, begin by soaking up as much of the oil as possible with one of the absorbent materials above. Press towels, newspapers or brown paper bags onto the area to soak up the oil. If using newspaper, do not allow the print to set on the carpet for long or the ink will transfer to the carpet.\",\n \"Once a majority of the oil has been soaked up with the paper or cloths, cover it completely with cornstarch. Brush it over the area slightly to work it into the fibers. The cornstarch will soak up the oil from the fibers, leaving you with less to scrub out later on.\",\n \"If the spill was large, repeat with a second coat of powder or cornstarch and allow it to set for another hour.\",\n \"Apply a small amount of grease-fighting dish detergent to the area. Spread it around to form a thin layer. Work it into the fibers a little with your fingers so that all of the areas are covered.\",\n \"Removing the dish soap is the most time consuming part of this process. Though only a small amount was used, it suds up when water is added.\",\n \"If a carpet cleaner is available, it will make this “rinsing” part much easier. Keep in mind that many units do not like suds, and the dish soap suds up when it is vacuumed out. Empty the water container often to keep them from becoming a problem.\",\n \"When the area is completely rinsed, place a couple of towels over the area and press down firmly. This will absorb the extra water.\",\n \"A fan or dehumidifier can be placed near the area to help speed the drying process. Allowing the carpet to stay moist for too long may result in mold.\",\n \"Dry cleaning solvent can also be used to treat oil stains. Blot it onto the stained area with a clean cloth and blot with a separate cloth to remove.\",\n \"I spilled oil on the carpet of my car. Now, the carpet can’t come off. How do I remove the stain knowing that I can’t remove the carpet to wash it?\",\n \"Aj, The steps in the article are for cleaning a carpet that is non-removable, so it should work. When you get to the step for washing (rinsing) the carpet, you just do the same procedure as you would for upholstery; sponge on water, then blot it up.\",\n \"Zoy, The guide has been updated to include a step for old oil stains. It is the first step. “Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.”\",\n \"I had a bottle of olive oil spill on a throw rug. I have tried to wash it. It came out on the top part of the rug, but the rubber backing is still oily feeling. How do I get that off the backing?\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet » How To Clean Stuff.net\\n\\n## Skip links\\n\\n * Skip to content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n * Skip to footer\\n\\nHow To Clean Stuff.net\\n\\n## Header Right\\n\\n# How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet\\n\\nTable of Contents:\\n\\n 1. You Will Need\\n 2. Steps to Remove the Oil\\n 3. Additional Tips and Advice\\n 4. Sources\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\nPatti asked: How do I clean olive oil off of carpeting? I have off-white\\ncarpeting, and I spilled olive oil on the carpet.\\n\\nOil spills on carpet are some of the trickiest clean-ups in any home. Spilling\\noil on the hard kitchen floor is frustrating enough, but when it soaks into\\nthe carpet fibers, it’s a whole new challenge to pull it out. Fortunately, oil\\nis not permanent and can be removed. Follow these steps and you’ll be on your\\nway to a clean carpet in no time.\\n\\n## You Will Need:\\n\\n * Absorbent cloths/newspapers/brown paper bags\\n * Grease-fighting dish soap (ex: Dawn)\\n * Cornstarch (baby powder will also work)\\n * Vacuum\\n * Toothbrush\\n * Bucket\\n * Sponges or soft cloths\\n * Water\\n * Towels\\n * Patience\\n\\n## Steps to Remove the Oil:\\n\\n 1. Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.\\n 2. For fresh stains, begin by soaking up as much of the oil as possible with one of the absorbent materials above. Press towels, newspapers or brown paper bags onto the area to soak up the oil. If using newspaper, do not allow the print to set on the carpet for long or the ink will transfer to the carpet.\\n 3. Once a majority of the oil has been soaked up with the paper or cloths, cover it completely with cornstarch. Brush it over the area slightly to work it into the fibers. The cornstarch will soak up the oil from the fibers, leaving you with less to scrub out later on.\\n 4. Allow the cornstarch to set on the area for at least one hour.\\n 5. Vacuum the area to remove the powder or cornstarch.\\n 6. If the spill was large, repeat with a second coat of powder or cornstarch and allow it to set for another hour.\\n 7. Vacuum the excess away.\\n 8. Now you are ready to tackle the last bits of oil still left in the carpet.\\n 9. Apply a small amount of grease-fighting dish detergent to the area. Spread it around to form a thin layer. Work it into the fibers a little with your fingers so that all of the areas are covered.\\n 10. Scrub with a soft brush or old toothbrush to work it into the fibers further.\\n 11. Removing the dish soap is the most time consuming part of this process. Though only a small amount was used, it suds up when water is added.\\n 12. Pour a small amount of water onto the area and immediately blot it up with a clean cloth.\\n 13. Repeat until all of the soap is removed.\\n 14. If a carpet cleaner is available, it will make this “rinsing” part much easier. Keep in mind that many units do not like suds, and the dish soap suds up when it is vacuumed out. Empty the water container often to keep them from becoming a problem.\\n 15. When the area is completely rinsed, place a couple of towels over the area and press down firmly. This will absorb the extra water.\\n 16. Allow the area to dry completely.\\n\\nadvertisement\\n\\n## Additional Tips and Advice\\n\\n * A fan or dehumidifier can be placed near the area to help speed the drying process. Allowing the carpet to stay moist for too long may result in mold.\\n * Dry cleaning solvent can also be used to treat oil stains. Blot it onto the stained area with a clean cloth and blot with a separate cloth to remove.\\n * For extra cleaning power, mix vinegar with the dish detergent, then apply to the stained area.\\n\\n## Sources\\n\\n * The Super Stain Remover Book by Jack Cassimatis\\n\\nFiled Under: Carpets and Rugs, Cleaning Guides Tagged With: carpet, oil\\n\\n## Was This Guide Helpful?\\n\\n+30\\n\\n-1\\n\\nRating: +29. From 31 votes.\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\n## Reader Interactions\\n\\n## Related Posts\\n\\nHow to Get Chewing Gum out of Carpet\\n\\nHow to Clean Blood from Carpet\\n\\nHow to Remove a Marinara Sauce Stain from Carpet\\n\\nHow to Remove Yogurt Stains\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Hilary says\\n\\nDecember 1, 2012 at 9:07 pm\\n\\nI put vinegar on the spot and the stain disappeared. No need for the dish\\nsoap!\\n\\nLike\\n\\n2\\n\\n2 people like this.\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Alan says\\n\\nJuly 23, 2015 at 5:53 am\\n\\nThis works for furniture oil as well.\\n\\nLike\\n\\n1\\n\\n1 person likes this.\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Nick says\\n\\nAugust 4, 2015 at 3:25 pm\\n\\nSpilled olive oil on the back seat of my car. How do I remove the oil?\\n\\nCheck it out! We’ve answered your question! Yay!\\n\\nLike\\n\\n0\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 4. Mary says\\n\\nJuly 8, 2015 at 9:53 am\\n\\nAny suggestions on removing oil stain from a seisal mat?\\n\\nCheck it out! We’ve answered your question! Yay!\\n\\nLike\\n\\n0\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 5. Aj says\\n\\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 1:16 am\\n\\nI spilled oil on the carpet of my car. Now, the carpet can’t come off. How do\\nI remove the stain knowing that I can’t remove the carpet to wash it?\\n\\nLike\\n\\n0\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Melanie says\\n\\nFebruary 20, 2016 at 1:31 am\\n\\nAj, The steps in the article are for cleaning a carpet that is non-removable,\\nso it should work. When you get to the step for washing (rinsing) the carpet,\\nyou just do the same procedure as you would for upholstery; sponge on water,\\nthen blot it up.\\n\\nLike\\n\\n0\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 6. Zoy says\\n\\nJune 28, 2016 at 12:47 am\\n\\nHello, If the oil stain was old, how can I remove it?\\n\\nLike\\n\\n0\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Melanie says\\n\\nJuly 1, 2016 at 10:50 pm\\n\\nZoy, The guide has been updated to include a step for old oil stains. It is\\nthe first step. “Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of\\nliquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is\\nsimply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the\\nstain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.”\\n\\nLike\\n\\n1\\n\\n1 person likes this.\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 7. JoAnn says\\n\\nJune 17, 2012 at 11:08 pm\\n\\nI had a bottle of olive oil spill on a throw rug. I have tried to wash it. It\\ncame out on the top part of the rug, but the rubber backing is still oily\\nfeeling. How do I get that off the backing?\\n\\nThank you\\n\\nLike\\n\\n0\\n\\nPlease wait...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n### advertisement\\n\\n### Featured Guides\\n\\n#### The Best Air-Cleaning Plants For Your Home\\n\\n#### “Empty The Garden Centers” – A Call To Clean The Air In Response to the\\nAmazon Fires\\n\\n#### What is the Pixie Stamp?\\n\\n#### Natural Liquid-Free Way to Clean Your Phone on the Go for Cheap\\n\\n## Related Posts\\n\\nHow to Get Chewing Gum out of Carpet\\n\\nHow to Clean Blood from Carpet\\n\\nHow to Remove a Marinara Sauce Stain from Carpet\\n\\nHow to Remove Yogurt Stains\\n\\n## Footer\\n\\n### Cleaning Index\\n\\n * Cleaning Blog\\n * Automotive\\n * Clothing & Fabrics\\n * Floor & Carpet\\n * House\\n * Kitchen & Bath\\n * Outdoors\\n * People & Pets\\n * Things You Own\\n\\n### Site Search:\\n\\n### About Us\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Guest Post Policy\\n * Terms and Conditions\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Accessibility Policy\\n * Cookie Policy\\n * Ask a Question\\n * Contact Us\\n * Site Map\\n\\n© Copyright 2021 HowToCleanStuff.net · All Rights Reserved ·\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210819080904/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Grease Stains Out of Clothes\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Even though pizza is your favorite Friday night dinner, it's often the culprit behind life's worst grease stains. \\\"Grease is one of the most common stains I get asked about and it can be one of the toughest to remove, especially from synthetic fabrics, like polyester,\\\" Carolyn Forte, Director of the Home Appliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute, says.\",\n \"Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam worked the best on grease in our Cleaning Lab tests, but if you're at work or nowhere near a laundry room, there are a couple of easy remedies that will help get out fresh grease stains. Forte's go-to for removing grease stains on the go: dish soap. It's made to cut grease on your plates, so it can also help with your clothes.\",\n \"The condiments on your table can work magic, too. A sprinkle of salt or artificial sweetener helps prevent an oil stain from setting into the fabric and makes it easier to lift when you're doing laundry later on.\",\n \"Follow these six simple steps for getting out new and old grease stains, no matter where you are (or what oily food you spilled).\",\n \"If you're out and about, quickly sprinkle a little salt or artificial sweetener on the stain to keep it from setting.\",\n \"When it's time to launder it, rub in liquid laundry detergent or apply a pre-treater, like Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam.\",\n \"This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io\",\n \"A Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Grease Stains Out of Clothes - Remove Grease from Carpet and Shirts\\n\\nToday's Top Stories\\n\\n1\\n\\nAmazon's Best Back-to-School Deals of 2021\\n\\n2\\n\\n105 Boy Dog Names That Are as Charming and Special\\n\\n3\\n\\nI Was Determined to Find a Unique Name for My Son\\n\\n4\\n\\n25 Beautiful Blue Bedrooms That Will Inspire\\n\\n5\\n\\nHow to Count Macronutrients Like a Pro\\n\\nWe may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products\\nwe back. Why trust us?\\n\\n# How to Get Grease Out of Clothes, Whether the Stain Is Fresh or Dried\\n\\nBecause you're not about to give up pizza.\\n\\nBy Caroline Picard and Carolyn Forte, Good Housekeeping Institute\\n\\nMar 29, 2021\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\nEven though pizza is your favorite Friday night dinner, it's often the culprit\\nbehind life's worst grease stains. \\\"Grease is one of the most common stains I\\nget asked about and it can be one of the toughest to remove, especially from\\nsynthetic fabrics, like polyester,\\\" Carolyn Forte, Director of the Home\\nAppliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute, says.\\n\\nShout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam worked the best on grease in our Cleaning\\nLab tests, but if you're at work or nowhere near a laundry room, there are a\\ncouple of easy remedies that will help get out fresh grease stains. Forte's\\ngo-to for removing grease stains on the go: dish soap. It's made to cut grease\\non your plates, so it can also help with your clothes.\\n\\nThe condiments on your table can work magic, too. A sprinkle of salt or\\nartificial sweetener helps prevent an oil stain from setting into the fabric\\nand makes it easier to lift when you're doing laundry later on.\\n\\n## How to Get Grease Stains Out of Washable Clothes\\n\\nFollow these six simple steps for getting out new and old grease stains, no\\nmatter where you are (or what oily food you spilled).\\n\\n#### Materials\\n\\n * Salt or artificial sweetener\\n * Dish soap\\n * Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam or another pre-treater\\n\\n#### Step-by-step Instructions\\n\\n 1. If you're out and about, quickly sprinkle a little salt or artificial sweetener on the stain to keep it from setting.\\n 2. Brush off the powder after a few minutes.\\n 3. At home, immediately work a little grease-cutting dishwashing soap into the stain and rinse with warm water.\\n 4. When it's time to launder it, rub in liquid laundry detergent or apply a pre-treater, like Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam.\\n 5. Wash in the hottest water safe for the fabric.\\n 6. Air dry the garment until you are sure the stain is completely gone.\\n\\nThat's it! Consider your work shirt officially saved.\\n\\nCaroline Picard Health Editor Caroline is the Health Editor at\\nGoodHousekeeping.com covering nutrition, fitness, wellness, and other\\nlifestyle news.\\n\\nCarolyn Forte, Good Housekeeping Institute Director, Home Appliances &\\nCleaning Products Lab Carolyn Forte, a consumer products expert, is the\\ndirector of the Home Appliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good\\nHousekeeping Institute.\\n\\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\nMore From Stain Buster\\n\\nHow to Deep Clean a Mattress Yourself\\n\\nHow to Easily Remove Pen Ink From Clothes\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\nHow to Get Coffee Stains Out of Everything\\n\\nHow to Remove Red Wine Stains\\n\\nHow to Remove Sweat Stains From White Shirts\\n\\n8 Homemade Cleaners You Can Make Yourself\\n\\nHow to Make Your Microwave Look and Smell Like New\\n\\nThe Least Gross Way to Get Rid of Poop Stains\\n\\nHow to Take Mascara Stains Out of Anything\\n\\nOur 50 Best Tips to Make Your House Super Clean\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give GH as a Gift\\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\\n * Newsletter\\n * About Us\\n * Contact Us\\n * Work for Good Housekeeping\\n * Media Kit\\n * Advertise Online\\n * Customer Service\\n * Events & Promotions\\n * Giveaways\\n\\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various\\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\\n\\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\\n * Your California Privacy Rights\\n * Interest-Based Ads\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Site Map\\n\\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191101145621/http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Remove Carpet Stain-Stain Removal\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Enjoy clean and beautiful looking carpets. No more stains, no more odor! Learn proven ways to remove carpet stains throughout the house.\",\n \"Have you noticed that your carpet is looking a little drab? Does it look old and tired with too many stains? Unfortunately, this problem is very common. Carpet sales are big business for this very reason.\",\n \"However, before you run out and spend a fortune to replace stained carpet, you might consider trying to remove the stains first. Many times, people will end up with stains caused by pet urine, coffee, lipstick, chocolate, grease, and other things that are believed impossible to remove.\",\n \"In truth, some stains are difficult to get rid of but with the appropriate methods or products, you would be amazed at how you can transform and revitalize your carpeting.\",\n \"This article will teach you a number of methods on how to remove carpet stains so you can once again have beautiful, new-looking carpet. Most stains like those mentioned and many more, can be removed and to the point where your carpeting will look amazing.\",\n \"Coffee and other drink stains are common for carpets. People get in a hurry, bump into something, kids play, and soon, spills happen.\",\n \"To remove carpet stains caused by coffee, as well as tea, wine, and grape juice, start by blotting up as much of the liquid as you possibly can, using a white towel or paper towels. In fact, if you have a wet or shop vacuum, that would be he perfect solution.\",\n \"Once you have the excess liquid absorbed, sprinkle the stain with your choice of tonic water, 7-Up, or club soda. Make sure you use a liberal amount and then let the liquid stand for about five minutes.\",\n \"Next, take a clean white towel or paper towel and again blot to remove the liquid. You might even consider standing on the towel to apply some weight, which will help. Repeat the cleaning process as many times as necessary to remove the moisture. Finally, rinse the area with clean water, using a fresh towel to go through the blotting process again to remove excess liquid.\",\n \"Another great way to remove carpet stains caused by coffee is to create a mixture of one-quarter teaspoon dishwashing soap such as Dawn or Sunlight, with one quart of warm water. Using just a small amount of the solution, work it into the stain.\",\n \"Go back to the towel procedure of blotting up the moisture and the stain will disappear. One other option is to sprinkle the coffee stain with 3% hydrogen peroxide, letting it stand for four to six hours. At that point, blot up as much of the peroxide as you can and then reapply more, letting it stand this time overnight. In the morning, blot off any excess peroxide, blotting one final time. You will be amazed at how great your carpet looks.\",\n \"If you have small children, chances are you have crayon marks somewhere on your carpeting. Perhaps you live in a construction zone where roads are being worked on and you notice tar or you might simply have areas where greasy food has dropped, leaving an unwanted stain. Regardless of the case, all three of these problems can be removed using the same techniques. These steps will show you how to remove carpet stains, giving your room a new appearance.\",\n \"For starters, we suggest you apply a dry cleaning solvent onto a slightly damp, terrycloth or cotton towel (a white towel is best). Use the moisture on the towel to blot and to remove as much of the stain as possible. Many times, the stain will come right up but if not, you may need to repeat the cleaning process several times. Do not be discouraged if you do because oil, tar, and crayon can be stubborn.\",\n \"After you notice the stain disappearing, rinse the area well with clean, warm water. By using a white towel, you will be able to see when the stain no longer appears on it, giving you a good indication that it is no longer in the carpet. You can also try rubbing alcohol, also applying it to a clean white towel. With this, if the spot is deep in the carpet pile, then blot until the stain is removed. The key with using alcohol is to avoid using too much. The reason is that if alcohol penetrates carpet backing, it can damage or destroy the latex bond. Now, to remove the carpet stain if it is on the surface only, rub going in just one direction and stop once the stain is gone.\",\n \"Another great tip for removing carpet stains from oil, tar, or crayon is to use one-quarter teaspoon of dishwashing detergent (without lanolin or bleach) with one-quarter water. Using the blotting motion and a clean, white towel, the stain should come right up. When done, spray the area with clean water to rinse, again blotting to remove the excess liquid. When dry, vacuum as usual and enjoy a clean carpet.\",\n \"Two other common types of stains are chocolate and ice cream, especially in carpeted kitchens, dining rooms, and family rooms. To remove carpet stains such as these, start by scraping off any excess stain. Sometimes, chocolate and ice cream will dry, leaving behind a raised residue. You want to get this off first before working on the stain underneath. Next, make a mixture of one- teaspoon dishwashing soap and one cup of warm water.\",\n \"Take a clean, white towel and moisten it with the detergent mixture. Apply to the stain and blot (do not rub) to remove as much of the stain as possible. More than likely, you will need to repeat the cleaning process several times to get the stain up so be patient. Once you find that no more chocolate or ice cream transfers to the cloth rinse the area with clean water, again blotting to get up any leftover moisture.\",\n \"As mentioned, carpets will get dirty from everyday use. To replace carpeting is expensive and most often, you can remove carpet stains and make a huge difference in how your carpet looks and feels. Therefore, before you make a major investment, try it.\",\n \"Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, Mrs Clean (Corina Wilson) is not only the owner of the company, but a very busy mother of 3 children.\",\n \"Mrs Clean realized long ago, that a clean home is a necessity, not a luxury when we are struggling to find the time in our day to cover the very basic levels of work and/or family obligations. The battle seems to never end... (but that's why we're here to help!)\",\n \"When Mrs Clean is not busy managing her house cleaning company or running her kids back and forth to their events, she enjoys experimenting with natural and non-toxic cleaners and learning new techniques to remove stains.\",\n \"Mrs Clean's house cleaning tips, stain removal, organizing tips & product/equipment review data is for general guidance and research purposes only. Cleaning products ingredients vary and you should read all labels carefully and follow the manufacturers instructions completely. Always test your cleaning or stain removal treatments in an inconspicuous area first, to ensure colorfastness and suitability.\",\n \"Check out our new home Remedies & natural cures. We'd love to hear your feed back or any comments you have.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Remove Carpet Stain-Stain Removal\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Us\\n * Contact Mrs Clean\\n * House Cleaning Tips\\n * Equipment Reviews\\n\\nHouse Cleaning Tips > Stain Removal > Remove Carpet Stain\\n\\n# How To Remove Carpet Stains\\n\\n## Carpet Stain Removal Tips\\n\\nEnjoy clean and beautiful looking carpets. No more stains, no more odor! Learn\\nproven ways to remove carpet stains throughout the house.\\n\\nHave you noticed that your carpet is looking a little drab? Does it look old\\nand tired with too many stains? Unfortunately, this problem is very common.\\nCarpet sales are big business for this very reason.\\n\\nHowever, before you run out and spend a fortune to replace stained carpet, you\\nmight consider trying to remove the stains first. Many times, people will end\\nup with stains caused by pet urine, coffee, lipstick, chocolate, grease, and\\nother things that are believed impossible to remove.\\n\\nIn truth, some stains are difficult to get rid of but with the appropriate\\nmethods or products, you would be amazed at how you can transform and\\nrevitalize your carpeting.\\n\\nThis article will teach you a number of methods on how to remove carpet stains\\nso you can once again have beautiful, new-looking carpet. Most stains like\\nthose mentioned and many more, can be removed and to the point where your\\ncarpeting will look amazing.\\n\\n### Removing Coffee Stains From Carpet\\n\\nCoffee and other drink stains are common for carpets. People get in a hurry,\\nbump into something, kids play, and soon, spills happen.\\n\\nTo remove carpet stains caused by coffee, as well as tea, wine, and grape\\njuice, start by blotting up as much of the liquid as you possibly can, using a\\nwhite towel or paper towels. In fact, if you have a wet or shop vacuum, that\\nwould be he perfect solution.\\n\\nOnce you have the excess liquid absorbed, sprinkle the stain with your choice\\nof tonic water, 7-Up, or club soda. Make sure you use a liberal amount and\\nthen let the liquid stand for about five minutes.\\n\\nNext, take a clean white towel or paper towel and again blot to remove the\\nliquid. You might even consider standing on the towel to apply some weight,\\nwhich will help. Repeat the cleaning process as many times as necessary to\\nremove the moisture. Finally, rinse the area with clean water, using a fresh\\ntowel to go through the blotting process again to remove excess liquid.\\n\\nAnother great way to remove carpet stains caused by coffee is to create a\\nmixture of one-quarter teaspoon dishwashing soap such as Dawn or Sunlight,\\nwith one quart of warm water. Using just a small amount of the solution, work\\nit into the stain.\\n\\nGo back to the towel procedure of blotting up the moisture and the stain will\\ndisappear. One other option is to sprinkle the coffee stain with 3% hydrogen\\nperoxide, letting it stand for four to six hours. At that point, blot up as\\nmuch of the peroxide as you can and then reapply more, letting it stand this\\ntime overnight. In the morning, blot off any excess peroxide, blotting one\\nfinal time. You will be amazed at how great your carpet looks.\\n\\n### Removing Oil, Tar, and Crayon Stains From Carpet\\n\\nIf you have small children, chances are you have crayon marks somewhere on\\nyour carpeting. Perhaps you live in a construction zone where roads are being\\nworked on and you notice tar or you might simply have areas where greasy food\\nhas dropped, leaving an unwanted stain. Regardless of the case, all three of\\nthese problems can be removed using the same techniques. These steps will show\\nyou how to remove carpet stains, giving your room a new appearance.\\n\\nFor starters, we suggest you apply a dry cleaning solvent onto a slightly\\ndamp, terrycloth or cotton towel (a white towel is best). Use the moisture on\\nthe towel to blot and to remove as much of the stain as possible. Many times,\\nthe stain will come right up but if not, you may need to repeat the cleaning\\nprocess several times. Do not be discouraged if you do because oil, tar, and\\ncrayon can be stubborn.\\n\\nAfter you notice the stain disappearing, rinse the area well with clean, warm\\nwater. By using a white towel, you will be able to see when the stain no\\nlonger appears on it, giving you a good indication that it is no longer in the\\ncarpet. You can also try rubbing alcohol, also applying it to a clean white\\ntowel. With this, if the spot is deep in the carpet pile, then blot until the\\nstain is removed. The key with using alcohol is to avoid using too much. The\\nreason is that if alcohol penetrates carpet backing, it can damage or destroy\\nthe latex bond. Now, to remove the carpet stain if it is on the surface only,\\nrub going in just one direction and stop once the stain is gone.\\n\\nAnother great tip for removing carpet stains from oil, tar, or crayon is to\\nuse one-quarter teaspoon of dishwashing detergent (without lanolin or bleach)\\nwith one-quarter water. Using the blotting motion and a clean, white towel,\\nthe stain should come right up. When done, spray the area with clean water to\\nrinse, again blotting to remove the excess liquid. When dry, vacuum as usual\\nand enjoy a clean carpet.\\n\\n### Get Rid of Chocolate and Ice Cream Stains From Carpet\\n\\nTwo other common types of stains are chocolate and ice cream, especially in\\ncarpeted kitchens, dining rooms, and family rooms. To remove carpet stains\\nsuch as these, start by scraping off any excess stain. Sometimes, chocolate\\nand ice cream will dry, leaving behind a raised residue. You want to get this\\noff first before working on the stain underneath. Next, make a mixture of one-\\nteaspoon dishwashing soap and one cup of warm water.\\n\\nTake a clean, white towel and moisten it with the detergent mixture. Apply to\\nthe stain and blot (do not rub) to remove as much of the stain as possible.\\nMore than likely, you will need to repeat the cleaning process several times\\nto get the stain up so be patient. Once you find that no more chocolate or ice\\ncream transfers to the cloth rinse the area with clean water, again blotting\\nto get up any leftover moisture.\\n\\nAs mentioned, carpets will get dirty from everyday use. To replace carpeting\\nis expensive and most often, you can remove carpet stains and make a huge\\ndifference in how your carpet looks and feels. Therefore, before you make a\\nmajor investment, try it.\\n\\nCreated: 17 July 2009. Modified: 26 November 2011.\\n\\n| Print |\\n\\n### Connect with Mrs Clean!\\n\\nBorn and raised in Seattle, Washington, Mrs Clean (Corina Wilson) is not only\\nthe owner of the company, but a very busy mother of 3 children.\\n\\nMrs Clean realized long ago, that a clean home is a necessity, not a luxury\\nwhen we are struggling to find the time in our day to cover the very basic\\nlevels of work and/or family obligations. The battle seems to never end...\\n(but that's why we're here to help!)\\n\\nWhen Mrs Clean is not busy managing her house cleaning company or running her\\nkids back and forth to their events, she enjoys experimenting with natural and\\nnon-toxic cleaners and learning new techniques to remove stains.\\n\\nShe thoroughly enjoys sharing her valuable information with the readers of her\\nblogs and various social media sites.\\n\\n### Valuable Cleaning Tips!\\n\\nConnect with Mrs Clean for valuable House Cleaning Tips on Twitter.\\n\\nCopyright © By Mrs Clean House Cleaning and Maid Service. All rights Reserved.\\n\\nHonest to Goodness Clean ®\\n\\n * House Cleaning Tips\\n\\n * Bathrooms\\n * Bedrooms\\n * Checklists\\n * Cleaning Tip\\n * Cleaning Products\\n * Clothing\\n * Clutter\\n * Floors\\n * Furniture\\n * Glass\\n * Kitchen\\n * Living Area\\n * Odor Removal\\n * Organizing\\n * Pet Stains\\n * Stain Removal\\n * Guest Post\\n * Product Reviews\\n\\n * Steam Cleaners\\n * Vacuum Cleaners\\n * Buffer Polisher\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Us\\n * Contact Mrs Clean\\n * House Cleaning Tips\\n * Equipment Reviews\\n\\nDo one thing. Do it well. Do it better than anyone else. Do it for less.\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Mrs Clean\\n * Our Mission\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Service\\n * Submit Article\\n * Link to Us\\n\\n * Top\\n\\nMrs Clean's house cleaning tips, stain removal, organizing tips &\\nproduct/equipment review data is for general guidance and research purposes\\nonly. Cleaning products ingredients vary and you should read all labels\\ncarefully and follow the manufacturers instructions completely. Always test\\nyour cleaning or stain removal treatments in an inconspicuous area first, to\\nensure colorfastness and suitability.\\n\\n### Latest Pins on Pinterest\\n\\nCheck out our new home Remedies & natural cures. We'd love to hear your feed\\nback or any comments you have.\\n\\nContact Mrs Clean at Mrs Clean, Inc. Bellevue / Redmond / Sammamish: (425)\\n881-8411, Seattle / Toll Free: (888) Clean-07 / (888) 253-2607 Mill Creek /\\nKirkland / Woodinville / Lynnwood: (425) 787-9252\\n\\nCopyright © 2003 - 2019. Mrs. Clean's House Cleaning & Maid Service. All\\nrights reserved by Mrs Clean.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":376,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1347209,"string":"1,347,209"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Prevent Muscle Cramps"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To prevent muscle cramps, try drinking plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated. Calcium is also important for preventing muscle cramps, so try consuming more low-fat dairy, such as yogurt and skim milk. If you get muscle cramps after exercising, make sure to warm up for five to ten minutes before working out to ease your muscles into the exercise. Similarly, you should stretch your calves before any aerobic exercise to reduce the risk of cramping. You can do this by leaning against a wall and bending each leg in turn for at least 20 seconds to stretch the opposite leg."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210610100100/https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210515201736/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20170730073018/http://www.prevention.com:80/fitness/fitness-tips/muscle-cramps","http://web.archive.org/web/20171019234748/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00200","http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223334/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098","http://web.archive.org/web/20210416170328/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=2","http://web.archive.org/web/20210512215452/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210610100100/https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515201736/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170730073018/http://www.prevention.com:80/fitness/fitness-tips/muscle-cramps\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171019234748/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00200\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223334/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416170328/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=2\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512215452/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1945,"string":"1,945"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210610100100/https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/","parsed_text":{"title":"Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?","passages":["Recently, 10 healthy male college students filed into an exercise laboratory at Brigham Young University in Utah to drink pickle juice. Many people involved in sports are convinced that the briny fluid combats muscle cramping. In a 2008 survey, a quarter of the athletic trainers interviewed said that they regularly dispense pickle juice to cramp-stricken athletes. Many also report that, in their experiences, the stuff quickly brakes the cramping. The athletic trainers have told researchers that they believe the pickle juice must be replenishing the salt and fluids the athletes had lost to sweat. But no laboratory science had verified that theory.","The Utah volunteers began with a series of 30-minute bicycling sessions, using a semi-recumbent bicycle, configured so that only the leg pedaled. The laboratory was warm, increasing the amount the exercising men sweated. Each cycled in 30-minute bouts (with five minutes of rest between) until each had lost 3 percent of his body weight through perspiration, a widely accepted definition of mild dehydration.","The young men were then fitted with a contraption on the big toe of their unexercised leg, and the tibial nerve in the men’s ankles was electrically stimulated, causing a muscle in the big toe to cramp. (The procedure causes some discomfort, making it too painful to use on larger muscles, like the hamstrings or the quadriceps.) The volunteers were told to relax and let the cramps run their course. The average duration of the cramps was about two and a half minutes.","The volunteers rested and did not drink any fluids. Then their tibial nerve was zapped again. This time, though, as soon as the toe cramps began, each man downed about 2.5 ounces of either deionized water or pickle juice, strained from a jar of ordinary Vlasic dills. The reaction, for some, was rapid. Within about 85 seconds, the men drinking pickle juice stopped cramping. But the cramps continued unabated in the men drinking water. Pickle juice had “relieved a cramp 45 percent faster” than drinking no fluids and about 37 percent faster than water, concluded the authors of the study, which was published last month on the Web site of the journal of the American College of Sports Medicine.","Exercise-induced muscle cramps are one of the continuing mysteries of physiology. Extremely pervasive, they afflict most active people at some point. But scientists remain deeply divided about what causes the cramping. For years, most people, inside and outside academia, believed that cramping was caused by sweating-induced dehydration and the accompanying loss of sodium and potassium. Sufferers were advised to load up on potassium-rich bananas or chug large amounts of salty sports drinks.","But a number of laboratory and field studies in recent years have undermined the dehydration theory. The most recent, completed by the same group of scientists who studied pickle juice, employed a similar study design. A group of college students had cramps induced in their toes. They then pedaled with one leg until dehydration set in. Their toes were made to cramp again, Presumably if dehydration were the underlying cause of the cramping, the scientists should have been able to induce a cramp with less electrical stimulation when the men were dehydrated; their muscles should have been primed to cramp. But the experiment didn’t work out that way. As detailed last month in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, the scientists had to use the same amount of stimulation to induce a cramp after dehydration as they had before. Their conclusion? “Exercise-induced cramps occurring to athletes” who are mildly dehydrated “were likely not caused by dehydration,” says Kevin C. Miller, Ph.D., ATC, the lead author of both studies and now an assistant professor in the Athletic Training Education Program at North Dakota State University in Fargo.","What, then, does probably cause athletes to cramp? The pickle-juice experiment provides some intriguing clues. “The pickle juice did not have time” to leave the men’s stomachs during the experiment, Dr. Miller points out. So the liquid itself could not have been replenishing lost fluids and salt in the affected muscles. Instead some other mechanism must have initiated the cramps and been stymied by the pickle juice.","Dr. Miller suspects that that mechanism is exhaustion, either directly or through biochemical processes that accompany fatigue. Certain mechanisms within muscles have been found, in animal and limited human studies, he says, to start misfiring when a muscle is extremely tired. Small nerves that should keep the muscle from overcontracting malfunction, and the muscle bunches when it should relax. Pickle juice may work, Dr. Miller says, by countermanding the malfunction. Something in the acidic juice, perhaps even a specific molecule of some kind, may be lighting up specialized nervous-system receptors in the throat or stomach, he says, which, in turn, send out nerve signals that somehow disrupt the reflex melee in the muscles. Dr. Miller suspects that ultimately, it’s the vinegar in the pickle juice that activates the receptors. In a recent case report by other researchers, a single athlete’s cramping was relieved more quickly when he drank pure vinegar (without much pleasure, I’m sure) than when he drank pickle juice.","At the moment, speculation about the powers of pickle juice remains just that, speculative. “It’s extremely challenging” to induce realistic sports cramps in the lab, Dr. Miller says. His technique, of causing the big toe to spasm, while useful, can’t fully replicate what happens in larger, stronger leg muscles during a cramp. Still, the work is suggestive and, perhaps most important, implies methods for finding relief. “If muscle fatigue is the cause,” he says, then training properly, building up your mileage slowly and perhaps adding strength training that focuses specifically on muscles that have cramped in the past, may help. In the meantime, if your calf or other muscle suddenly, painfully catches, “try stretching it,” Dr. Miller says. Doing so has been found in laboratory studies to significantly shorten the duration of a muscle cramp, most likely by shaking up and resetting the misfiring muscle and nerve reflexes. And perhaps, if you can stomach the idea, pack a few ounces of pickle juice on your next training session. It’s not as palatable as bananas, but unlike them, Dr. Miller says, “it seems to work.”","I am not an athlete, but I have had a history of violent muscle cramps. The miracle remedy that I found is “Leg Cramps” by Hylands. It has quinine in it. I buy it over the counter at Wal-Mart. It’s freely available, inexpensive, and works instantly.","Because I have osteoporosis (yes, men get it too), I take Actonel, but found it caused painful muscle cramps, mostly in my calves, while I slept. My endocrinologist suggested adding a magnesium supplement to my diet (not too much or one becomes prisoner to its laxative effect!).","Now, I’m also fond of pickles – the real sour garlic ones – not those wimpy dills – but 100 mg of magnesium every other day has more appeal than keeping a jar of pickle juice on my nightstand.","I’m always looking for a magic bullet to relieve the insidious nightmare called RLS (restless legs syndrome), which sometimes make me think about sawing off my limbs . I’ll try anything, and pickle juice just got my attention.","The researchers are missing an even simpler mechanism: protons (hydrogen ions, which are what characterize acid fluids) migrate from the digestive tract into the blood stream, and, after causing a slight decrease in pH, increase the ionized (active) concentration of many other chemical species, notably calcium and magnesium. Magnesium is recommended for diabetics with leg cramping, so it would not be surprising to find that a short term Mg deficit was responsible for cramping in athletes, and that such a deficit was corrected by decreasing the blood pH (making the blood more acid).","Ironically, acid in the digestive system increases its permeability, further increasing the migration of H+ (and other ions, notably K+), something that many acid reflux sufferers have experienced. This increased permeability transporting iron ions is also believed to be responsible for some intractable cases of depression, similar to that caused by many blood pressure medications.","Mustard works too, even if it’s not as palatable as pickle juice! Regular yellow mustard — a teaspoonful, and for muscle cramps other than the exercise- induced kind... Tonic water can also help, as well as magnesium. But most people have mustard in their fridges and might not have the other stuff.","Intriguing. My foot cramps are theorized to be caused by Reynaud’s vasoconstriction–I wonder if the cramping mechanism affected by the pickle juice is the same, despite likely different triggers.","I might buy some dill pickles and test this on my cramps. If the acidity is the functional player, I could try diluted vinegar, but I will probably eliminate that variable in an initial test. If I could get rapid relief from the cramps without having to soak my feet in warm water or without taking nifedipine as a prophylactic in the winter, I’ll be thrilled.","Pickle juice is a home remedy advocated on some GERD treatment websites. In my experience, it does seem to alleviate GERD symptoms. Perhaps there is something in pickle juice which affects how muscles respond to certain stimuli.","I’m an athlete who suffers from severe, intermittent muscle cramping as an after-effect of having had West Nile virus in 2003. My muscles tend to contract and want to stay contracted.","Is there any magnesium in pickle juice? I’ve discovered that if I take magnesium every day, my muscles don’t cramp. Apparently mag helps to fire the nerves involved in the muscle relaxation phase.","My big dressage horse became much more supple and relaxed in his work after he was also discovered to be magnesium deficient and started on a mag supplement. I assume that he was cramping, too.","Am I the only one who sometimes gets middle-of-the-night calf cramps after drinking too much (which presumably causes dehydration much more so than fatigue)? I’d like to see them look more broadly at cramps that occur where there is no obvious source of muscle fatigue.","If vinegar is proven to be the active ingredient in pickle juice that rapidly relieves muscle cramps, this discovery may unlock a biblical mystery. In the best eyewitness account of the crucifiction of Jesus Christ, John 19:28-30 describes Jesus receiving a drink of wine vinegar prior to death.","No prior discussion has made it clear why wine vinegar was placed at the disposal of crucified victims. Crucifiction was designed to cause prolonged, maximal torture. The suspended, spread-eagle body position with flexed knees required active muscular contraction to produce each exhalation. In the setting of dehydration and muscular effort, muscle cramps would have been very common and painful. Providing wine vinegar may have introduced a classic Catch-22. relieving the immediate pain and disability produced by cramping muscles while allowing prolongation of the overall torture.","If other historical records can be found to document the use of wine vinegar during crucifiction, it may be useful to concentrate studies on vinegar derived from wine as opposed to other sources. I look forward to feedback from other readers and possible follow up stories.","Fantastic. My crew coach used to tell us to use pickle juice for muscle cramps. The old goat was right after all! He also advocated blackberry brandy for diarrhea. That might be easier to study on college students. Then again, maybe not.","For about the past 20 years I’ve been suffering from cramps in the muscles that go from my right knee to my right hip. About once a year these cramps are very strong and last for some time, Practically every other day they last a few seconds, but recurr aabout every ten minutes and do not let me sleep. Massaging helps but does not stop them completely. Could you give me the name of books where I could read up on this?","Yeah but this isn’t news. As a very athletic kid growing up playing Pop Warner and high school sports I often suffered ‘charlie horse’ cramps. Sometimes in the middle of the night while asleep. My mother while vigoriously massaging my leg or thigh muscle gave me a jigger of vinegar (preferably, apple cider variety) and within minutes the cramps subsided. I’m now 55 yrs. old and I thought everybody knew this.","i get leg cramps so bad it feels like the muscle is tearing off the bone lasting 30 minutes. I found taking 4 advil will relieve cramp in a couple of minutes every time. I carry it with me at all times","Interesting. When I get a muscle cramp (usually gastrocnemius), if I punch it with my fist for 20-30 seconds, the cramp goes away.","What does work is quinine, most easily available in tonic . This has been known for years. Why it is not used by athletes is beyond me","also for joint pains (big toe, esp.) check out the effect of a tablespoon of unfiltered apple cider vinegar–or eating an apple or two, skin on.","(My theory as to why the “unfiltered” vinegar works (it contains “the mother” or maybe “must” or just most of the skin, reduced to particulate size) because it does contain (what’s left of) the skin.","check around on the web for more info, but for me it worked w/in 5 hours of a very, very painful big-toe joint.","I think this could also be a placebo effect of some kind. The athletes can tell the difference between pickle juice and water, or between vinegar and pickle juice.","I was always told to drink quinine water (or better yet) a gin and tonic to ward off cramps. It seemed to work, even when it was all tonic and no gin....","My father used pickle juice to strengthen his hands.. When we got a cramp we used Quinine water and that weorked!","After a comminuted distal tibial/fibular fracture, I was plagued with severe calf cramps in the injured leg at night. The cast meant I couldn’t stretch to relieve them, I just had to suffer. Until my doctor recommended drinking 6-8 ounces of tonic water that contained quinine nightly before bedtime.","“not as palatable as bananas...” I love pickles and pickle juice and now I finally have a reason to indulge my desire. Please write a followup about how maraschino cherry juice prevents alzheimer’s!","As a rugby player, for years I’ve stopped night-time cramping after games by drinking dilute apple cider. The academic world is just discovering this?","Get Well's Running email for practical tips, expert advice, exclusive content and a bit of motivation delivered to your inbox every week to help you on your running journey. Coming soon."]},"parsed_md":"Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps? - The New York Times\n\nSkip to content\n\n## The New York Times\n\n###### Well | Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?\n\nSupported by\n\n# Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?\n\nBy Gretchen Reynolds June 9, 2010 12:01 am June 9, 2010 12:01 am\n\nStockbyte/Getty Images\n\nRecently, 10 healthy male college students filed into an exercise laboratory\nat Brigham Young University in Utah to drink pickle juice. Many people\ninvolved in sports are convinced that the briny fluid combats muscle cramping.\nIn a 2008 survey, a quarter of the athletic trainers interviewed said that\nthey regularly dispense pickle juice to cramp-stricken athletes. Many also\nreport that, in their experiences, the stuff quickly brakes the cramping. The\nathletic trainers have told researchers that they believe the pickle juice\nmust be replenishing the salt and fluids the athletes had lost to sweat. But\nno laboratory science had verified that theory.\n\nThe Utah volunteers began with a series of 30-minute bicycling sessions, using\na semi-recumbent bicycle, configured so that only the leg pedaled. The\nlaboratory was warm, increasing the amount the exercising men sweated. Each\ncycled in 30-minute bouts (with five minutes of rest between) until each had\nlost 3 percent of his body weight through perspiration, a widely accepted\ndefinition of mild dehydration.\n\nThe young men were then fitted with a contraption on the big toe of their\nunexercised leg, and the tibial nerve in the men’s ankles was electrically\nstimulated, causing a muscle in the big toe to cramp. (The procedure causes\nsome discomfort, making it too painful to use on larger muscles, like the\nhamstrings or the quadriceps.) The volunteers were told to relax and let the\ncramps run their course. The average duration of the cramps was about two and\na half minutes.\n\nThe volunteers rested and did not drink any fluids. Then their tibial nerve\nwas zapped again. This time, though, as soon as the toe cramps began, each man\ndowned about 2.5 ounces of either deionized water or pickle juice, strained\nfrom a jar of ordinary Vlasic dills. The reaction, for some, was rapid. Within\nabout 85 seconds, the men drinking pickle juice stopped cramping. But the\ncramps continued unabated in the men drinking water. Pickle juice had\n“relieved a cramp 45 percent faster” than drinking no fluids and about 37\npercent faster than water, concluded the authors of the study, which was\npublished last month on the Web site of the journal of the American College of\nSports Medicine.\n\n###### Related\n\n * More Phys Ed columns\n * Faster, Higher, Stronger\n * Fitness and Nutrition News\n\nExercise-induced muscle cramps are one of the continuing mysteries of\nphysiology. Extremely pervasive, they afflict most active people at some\npoint. But scientists remain deeply divided about what causes the cramping.\nFor years, most people, inside and outside academia, believed that cramping\nwas caused by sweating-induced dehydration and the accompanying loss of sodium\nand potassium. Sufferers were advised to load up on potassium-rich bananas or\nchug large amounts of salty sports drinks.\n\nBut a number of laboratory and field studies in recent years have undermined\nthe dehydration theory. The most recent, completed by the same group of\nscientists who studied pickle juice, employed a similar study design. A group\nof college students had cramps induced in their toes. They then pedaled with\none leg until dehydration set in. Their toes were made to cramp again,\nPresumably if dehydration were the underlying cause of the cramping, the\nscientists should have been able to induce a cramp with less electrical\nstimulation when the men were dehydrated; their muscles should have been\nprimed to cramp. But the experiment didn’t work out that way. As detailed last\nmonth in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, the\nscientists had to use the same amount of stimulation to induce a cramp after\ndehydration as they had before. Their conclusion? “Exercise-induced cramps\noccurring to athletes” who are mildly dehydrated “were likely not caused by\ndehydration,” says Kevin C. Miller, Ph.D., ATC, the lead author of both\nstudies and now an assistant professor in the Athletic Training Education\nProgram at North Dakota State University in Fargo.\n\nWhat, then, does probably cause athletes to cramp? The pickle-juice experiment\nprovides some intriguing clues. “The pickle juice did not have time” to leave\nthe men’s stomachs during the experiment, Dr. Miller points out. So the liquid\nitself could not have been replenishing lost fluids and salt in the affected\nmuscles. Instead some other mechanism must have initiated the cramps and been\nstymied by the pickle juice.\n\nDr. Miller suspects that that mechanism is exhaustion, either directly or\nthrough biochemical processes that accompany fatigue. Certain mechanisms\nwithin muscles have been found, in animal and limited human studies, he says,\nto start misfiring when a muscle is extremely tired. Small nerves that should\nkeep the muscle from overcontracting malfunction, and the muscle bunches when\nit should relax. Pickle juice may work, Dr. Miller says, by countermanding the\nmalfunction. Something in the acidic juice, perhaps even a specific molecule\nof some kind, may be lighting up specialized nervous-system receptors in the\nthroat or stomach, he says, which, in turn, send out nerve signals that\nsomehow disrupt the reflex melee in the muscles. Dr. Miller suspects that\nultimately, it’s the vinegar in the pickle juice that activates the receptors.\nIn a recent case report by other researchers, a single athlete’s cramping was\nrelieved more quickly when he drank pure vinegar (without much pleasure, I’m\nsure) than when he drank pickle juice.\n\nAt the moment, speculation about the powers of pickle juice remains just that,\nspeculative. “It’s extremely challenging” to induce realistic sports cramps in\nthe lab, Dr. Miller says. His technique, of causing the big toe to spasm,\nwhile useful, can’t fully replicate what happens in larger, stronger leg\nmuscles during a cramp. Still, the work is suggestive and, perhaps most\nimportant, implies methods for finding relief. “If muscle fatigue is the\ncause,” he says, then training properly, building up your mileage slowly and\nperhaps adding strength training that focuses specifically on muscles that\nhave cramped in the past, may help. In the meantime, if your calf or other\nmuscle suddenly, painfully catches, “try stretching it,” Dr. Miller says.\nDoing so has been found in laboratory studies to significantly shorten the\nduration of a muscle cramp, most likely by shaking up and resetting the\nmisfiring muscle and nerve reflexes. And perhaps, if you can stomach the idea,\npack a few ounces of pickle juice on your next training session. It’s not as\npalatable as bananas, but unlike them, Dr. Miller says, “it seems to work.”\n\nComments are no longer being accepted.\n\nJane June 9, 2010 · 12:17 am\n\nI am not an athlete, but I have had a history of violent muscle cramps. The\nmiracle remedy that I found is “Leg Cramps” by Hylands. It has quinine in it.\nI buy it over the counter at Wal-Mart. It’s freely available, inexpensive, and\nworks instantly.\n\nSimple is sometimes the best.\n\nBill June 9, 2010 · 1:20 am\n\nBecause I have osteoporosis (yes, men get it too), I take Actonel, but found\nit caused painful muscle cramps, mostly in my calves, while I slept. My\nendocrinologist suggested adding a magnesium supplement to my diet (not too\nmuch or one becomes prisoner to its laxative effect!).\n\nResult: no more being jolted awake by knotted muscles.\n\nNow, I’m also fond of pickles – the real sour garlic ones – not those wimpy\ndills – but 100 mg of magnesium every other day has more appeal than keeping a\njar of pickle juice on my nightstand.\n\nCould adding magnesium help athletes prevent the cramps?\n\nAdrian June 9, 2010 · 1:32 am\n\nI’m always looking for a magic bullet to relieve the insidious nightmare\ncalled RLS (restless legs syndrome), which sometimes make me think about\nsawing off my limbs . I’ll try anything, and pickle juice just got my\nattention.\n\nKen Belcher June 9, 2010 · 1:46 am\n\nThe researchers are missing an even simpler mechanism: protons (hydrogen ions,\nwhich are what characterize acid fluids) migrate from the digestive tract into\nthe blood stream, and, after causing a slight decrease in pH, increase the\nionized (active) concentration of many other chemical species, notably calcium\nand magnesium. Magnesium is recommended for diabetics with leg cramping, so it\nwould not be surprising to find that a short term Mg deficit was responsible\nfor cramping in athletes, and that such a deficit was corrected by decreasing\nthe blood pH (making the blood more acid).\n\nIronically, acid in the digestive system increases its permeability, further\nincreasing the migration of H+ (and other ions, notably K+), something that\nmany acid reflux sufferers have experienced. This increased permeability\ntransporting iron ions is also believed to be responsible for some intractable\ncases of depression, similar to that caused by many blood pressure\nmedications.\n\nJoelle Morrison June 9, 2010 · 2:04 am\n\nMustard works too, even if it’s not as palatable as pickle juice! Regular\nyellow mustard — a teaspoonful, and for muscle cramps other than the exercise-\ninduced kind... Tonic water can also help, as well as magnesium. But most\npeople have mustard in their fridges and might not have the other stuff.\n\nBeth June 9, 2010 · 2:14 am\n\nIntriguing. My foot cramps are theorized to be caused by Reynaud’s\nvasoconstriction–I wonder if the cramping mechanism affected by the pickle\njuice is the same, despite likely different triggers.\n\nI might buy some dill pickles and test this on my cramps. If the acidity is\nthe functional player, I could try diluted vinegar, but I will probably\neliminate that variable in an initial test. If I could get rapid relief from\nthe cramps without having to soak my feet in warm water or without taking\nnifedipine as a prophylactic in the winter, I’ll be thrilled.\n\nPeter M June 9, 2010 · 2:25 am\n\nPickle juice is a home remedy advocated on some GERD treatment websites. In my\nexperience, it does seem to alleviate GERD symptoms. Perhaps there is\nsomething in pickle juice which affects how muscles respond to certain\nstimuli.\n\nPaula June 9, 2010 · 2:33 am\n\nI’m an athlete who suffers from severe, intermittent muscle cramping as an\nafter-effect of having had West Nile virus in 2003. My muscles tend to\ncontract and want to stay contracted.\n\nIs there any magnesium in pickle juice? I’ve discovered that if I take\nmagnesium every day, my muscles don’t cramp. Apparently mag helps to fire the\nnerves involved in the muscle relaxation phase.\n\nMy big dressage horse became much more supple and relaxed in his work after he\nwas also discovered to be magnesium deficient and started on a mag supplement.\nI assume that he was cramping, too.\n\nHope this is news someone can use. I’ll have to pick up a jar of dills for\nemergencies.\n\nTB June 9, 2010 · 2:36 am\n\nAm I the only one who sometimes gets middle-of-the-night calf cramps after\ndrinking too much (which presumably causes dehydration much more so than\nfatigue)? I’d like to see them look more broadly at cramps that occur where\nthere is no obvious source of muscle fatigue.\n\nAlan Caroe, MD June 9, 2010 · 3:04 am\n\nIf vinegar is proven to be the active ingredient in pickle juice that rapidly\nrelieves muscle cramps, this discovery may unlock a biblical mystery. In the\nbest eyewitness account of the crucifiction of Jesus Christ, John 19:28-30\ndescribes Jesus receiving a drink of wine vinegar prior to death.\n\nNo prior discussion has made it clear why wine vinegar was placed at the\ndisposal of crucified victims. Crucifiction was designed to cause prolonged,\nmaximal torture. The suspended, spread-eagle body position with flexed knees\nrequired active muscular contraction to produce each exhalation. In the\nsetting of dehydration and muscular effort, muscle cramps would have been very\ncommon and painful. Providing wine vinegar may have introduced a classic\nCatch-22. relieving the immediate pain and disability produced by cramping\nmuscles while allowing prolongation of the overall torture.\n\nIf other historical records can be found to document the use of wine vinegar\nduring crucifiction, it may be useful to concentrate studies on vinegar\nderived from wine as opposed to other sources. I look forward to feedback from\nother readers and possible follow up stories.\n\nMOuser June 9, 2010 · 3:16 am\n\nFantastic. My crew coach used to tell us to use pickle juice for muscle\ncramps. The old goat was right after all! He also advocated blackberry brandy\nfor diarrhea. That might be easier to study on college students. Then again,\nmaybe not.\n\nJuliette/Italy June 9, 2010 · 4:15 am\n\nFor about the past 20 years I’ve been suffering from cramps in the muscles\nthat go from my right knee to my right hip. About once a year these cramps are\nvery strong and last for some time, Practically every other day they last a\nfew seconds, but recurr aabout every ten minutes and do not let me sleep.\nMassaging helps but does not stop them completely. Could you give me the name\nof books where I could read up on this?\n\nKind regards, Juliette Pallas\n\nsean June 9, 2010 · 4:20 am\n\nYeah but this isn’t news. As a very athletic kid growing up playing Pop Warner\nand high school sports I often suffered ‘charlie horse’ cramps. Sometimes in\nthe middle of the night while asleep. My mother while vigoriously massaging my\nleg or thigh muscle gave me a jigger of vinegar (preferably, apple cider\nvariety) and within minutes the cramps subsided. I’m now 55 yrs. old and I\nthought everybody knew this.\n\nscott burns June 9, 2010 · 4:35 am\n\ni get leg cramps so bad it feels like the muscle is tearing off the bone\nlasting 30 minutes. I found taking 4 advil will relieve cramp in a couple of\nminutes every time. I carry it with me at all times\n\nmichael June 9, 2010 · 5:07 am\n\nInteresting. When I get a muscle cramp (usually gastrocnemius), if I punch it\nwith my fist for 20-30 seconds, the cramp goes away.\n\nDr S June 9, 2010 · 5:20 am\n\nWhat does work is quinine, most easily available in tonic . This has been\nknown for years. Why it is not used by athletes is beyond me\n\nBill W. June 9, 2010 · 5:42 am\n\nalso for joint pains (big toe, esp.) check out the effect of a tablespoon of\nunfiltered apple cider vinegar–or eating an apple or two, skin on.\n\n(My theory as to why the “unfiltered” vinegar works (it contains “the mother”\nor maybe “must” or just most of the skin, reduced to particulate size) because\nit does contain (what’s left of) the skin.\n\ncheck around on the web for more info, but for me it worked w/in 5 hours of a\nvery, very painful big-toe joint.\n\nGary Salem June 9, 2010 · 5:45 am\n\nthat would explain why yellow mustard has the same effect.\n\njohn June 9, 2010 · 6:00 am\n\nI think this could also be a placebo effect of some kind. The athletes can\ntell the difference between pickle juice and water, or between vinegar and\npickle juice.\n\ncAW June 9, 2010 · 6:27 am\n\nI was always told to drink quinine water (or better yet) a gin and tonic to\nward off cramps. It seemed to work, even when it was all tonic and no gin....\n\njacqueline roberts June 9, 2010 · 6:35 am\n\nMy father used pickle juice to strengthen his hands.. When we got a cramp we\nused Quinine water and that weorked!\n\nDavid Bourke June 9, 2010 · 6:37 am\n\nAfter a comminuted distal tibial/fibular fracture, I was plagued with severe\ncalf cramps in the injured leg at night. The cast meant I couldn’t stretch to\nrelieve them, I just had to suffer. Until my doctor recommended drinking 6-8\nounces of tonic water that contained quinine nightly before bedtime.\n\nNo more cramps.\n\nJohnny Mace June 9, 2010 · 6:38 am\n\n“not as palatable as bananas...” I love pickles and pickle juice and now I\nfinally have a reason to indulge my desire. Please write a followup about how\nmaraschino cherry juice prevents alzheimer’s!\n\nLaurie Miller June 9, 2010 · 6:47 am\n\nAs a rugby player, for years I’ve stopped night-time cramping after games by\ndrinking dilute apple cider. The academic world is just discovering this?\n\nAndy June 9, 2010 · 6:50 am\n\nYikes, now I have to take a jar of Vlasics with me when i pedal.\n\n## What's Next\n\nLoading...\n\n * Previous Post\n\nPushing Back at Cancer\n\n * Next Post\n\nHow Much Would You Spend on a Sick Pet?\n\n#### Ask Well\n\nYour health questions answered by Times journalists and experts.\n\nYour Questions | All »\n\n###### Ask Well\n\n##### Can You Safely Lose Weight While Breast-Feeding?\n\n###### The Checkup\n\n##### As Boys Get Fatter, Parents Worry One Body Part Is Too Small\n\n# Sign Up for the Running Email\n\nGet Well's Running email for practical tips, expert advice, exclusive content\nand a bit of motivation delivered to your inbox every week to help you on your\nrunning journey. 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Cramps may involve all or part of one or more muscles.","Muscle cramps are common and may be stopped by stretching the muscle. The cramping muscle may feel hard or bulging.","Muscle cramps are common and often occur when a muscle is overused or injured. Working out when you have not had enough fluids (dehydration) or when you have low levels of minerals such as potassium or calcium can also make you more likely to have a muscle spasm.","If the muscle is still sore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines can help with pain. If the muscle cramps are severe, your health care provider can prescribe other medicines.","The most common cause of muscle cramps during sports activity is not getting enough fluids. Often, drinking water will ease the cramping. However, water alone does not always help. Salt tablets or sports drinks, which also replenish lost minerals, can be helpful.","Drink plenty of fluids while exercising and increase your potassium intake (orange juice and bananas are great sources of potassium).","A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.","The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. 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Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions."]},"parsed_md":"Muscle cramps: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nMuscle cramps\n\nURL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm\n\n# Muscle cramps\n\nMuscle cramps are when a muscle gets tight (contracts) without you trying to\ntighten it, and it does not relax. Cramps may involve all or part of one or\nmore muscles.\n\nThe most commonly involved muscle groups are:\n\n * Back of the lower leg/calf\n * Back of the thigh (hamstrings)\n * Front of the thigh (quadriceps)\n\nCramps in the feet, hands, arms, abdomen, and along the rib cage are also very\ncommon.\n\nMuscle cramps are common and may be stopped by stretching the muscle. The\ncramping muscle may feel hard or bulging.\n\n## Considerations\n\nMuscle cramps are different than muscle twitches, which are covered in a\nseparate article.\n\n## Causes\n\nMuscle cramps are common and often occur when a muscle is overused or injured.\nWorking out when you have not had enough fluids (dehydration) or when you have\nlow levels of minerals such as potassium or calcium can also make you more\nlikely to have a muscle spasm.\n\nMuscle cramps can occur while you play tennis or golf, bowl, swim, or do any\nother exercise.\n\nThey can also be triggered by:\n\n * Alcoholism\n * Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)\n * Kidney failure\n * Medicines\n * Menstruation\n * Pregnancy\n\n## Home Care\n\nIf you have a muscle cramp, stop your activity and try stretching and\nmassaging the muscle.\n\nHeat will relax the muscle when the spasm begins, but ice may be helpful when\nthe pain has improved.\n\nIf the muscle is still sore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines can help\nwith pain. If the muscle cramps are severe, your health care provider can\nprescribe other medicines.\n\nThe most common cause of muscle cramps during sports activity is not getting\nenough fluids. Often, drinking water will ease the cramping. However, water\nalone does not always help. Salt tablets or sports drinks, which also\nreplenish lost minerals, can be helpful.\n\nOther tips for relieving muscle cramps:\n\n * Change your workouts so that you are exercising within your ability.\n * Drink plenty of fluids while exercising and increase your potassium intake (orange juice and bananas are great sources of potassium).\n * Stretch to improve flexibility.\n\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\n\nCall your provider if your muscle cramps:\n\n * Are severe\n * Do not go away with simple stretching\n * Keep coming back\n * Last a long time\n\n## What to Expect at Your Office Visit\n\nYour provider will examine you and ask questions about your symptoms and\nmedical history, such as:\n\n * When did the spasms first begin?\n * How long do they last?\n * How often do you experience muscle spasms?\n * What muscles are affected?\n * Is the cramp always in the same location?\n * Are you pregnant?\n * Have you been vomiting, had diarrhea, excessive sweating, excessive urine volume, or any other possible cause of dehydration?\n * What medicines do you take?\n * Have you been exercising heavily?\n * Have you been drinking alcohol heavily?\n\nBlood tests may be done to check for the following:\n\n * Calcium, potassium, or magnesium metabolism\n * Kidney function\n * Thyroid function\n\nPain medicines may be prescribed.\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nCramps - muscle\n\n## Images\n\n * Chest stretch\n * Groin stretch\n * Hamstring stretch\n * Hip stretch\n * Thigh stretch\n * Triceps stretch\n\n## References\n\nGómez JE, Chorley JN, Martinie R. Environmental illness. In: Miller MD,\nThompson SR. eds. DeLee, Drez, & Miller's Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 5th ed.\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 21.\n\nWang LH, Lopate G, Pestronk A. Muscle pain and cramps. In: Daroff RB, Jankovic\nJ, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice.\n7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 28.\n\n## Review Date 8/13/2020\n\nUpdated by: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of\nFamily Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington,\nSeattle, WA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda\nConaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\n\nMuscle CrampsRead more\n\nNIH MedlinePlus MagazineRead more\n\nHealth Topics A-ZRead more\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider\n(www.urac.org). 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Read our Medical Advice Notice.","Copyright © 2017 Rodale Inc. \"Prevention\" and \"Prevention.com\" are registered trademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission or display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.","Say you're playing tennis and doing pretty well. One minute you're fine, then suddenly, for no apparent reason, your calf muscle knots up and you can't move.","What's happened is that your muscle has tightened and shortened, causing sudden, severe pain, explains Debra Zillmer, MD, orthopedic surgeon and medical director of the Gundersen Lutheran Sports Medicine Clinic in La Crosse, WI. In active, healthy people, muscle cramps generally result from overexertion and dehydration, like spending 3 hours playing tennis in hot, summer heat and forgetting to take sips from your water bottle.","\"When you don't have enough fluid in your system, it leads to an electrolyte imbalance that causes your muscles to cramp up,\" says Dr. Zillmer.","Electrolytes are chemicals in the body (sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium) that help the cells function normally. An imbalance occurs when we have too much or too little of one or more electrolytes in our system. The main electrolytes affecting muscle cramping are sodium, calcium, and potassium.","Other cramps, not related to fluid intake, occur after inactivity such as sitting too long in one place without moving a muscle. Sometimes you even get a cramp when you're just lying in bed, though no one is sure why.[pagebreak]","Though people most often get cramps in their calves, you can also get them in your thighs, feet, or just about any muscle. But doctors say that most cramps can be eased by a few simple measures.","Massage gently. To relax the tightened area, Dr. Zillmer suggests gently massaging the spot that's cramped, whether it's a crick in your calf from overexercising or a spasm in your feet from wearing high heels all day.","For calf cramps, do a wall stretch. Stand about 3 feet away from the wall, with your knees straight and your heels on the floor. Lean into the wall, supporting yourself with your hands. You will feel the stretch of your calf muscles. Hold for 60 seconds, and repeat three times, says Dr. Zillmer.","Drink fluids. \"If you get muscle cramps after golf or other forms of exertion, drink water or a sports drink or juice to rehydrate and restore your electrolyte balance,\" says Dr. Zillmer. Most of the time, water will be sufficient to rehydrate you. The exception is if you have spent several hours exercising in extreme heat. You are then better off choosing a sports drink containing electrolytes. Focus on calcium, potassium, and general hydration.","Get some calcium and potassium. The electrolyte imbalance that causes muscle cramps can also be caused by deficiencies of calcium and potassium in the diet, says Margot Putukian, MD, team physician at Pennsylvania State University and assistant professor of orthopedic surgery and internal medicine at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey. To beef up your calcium levels, she suggests low-fat dairy products such as yogurt and skim milk. For potassium, focus on sweet potatoes, turkey, bananas, and orange juice.","Undo a cramp with ice. \"Ice is both a pain reliever and an anti-inflammatory,\" says Judith C. Stern, a physical therapist in private practice in Westchester, NY. Stern suggests you keep a paper cup of ice in the freezer for just such emergencies, then massage the area on and around your cramp as needed. \"Tear down the edge of the cup and, holding the paper end, rub the ice over the cramped muscle. This way, it won't be too cold to hold,\" says Stern.","Massage the area with ice for no more than 10 minutes, or until the area is bright red, which indicates that blood cells have returned to heat the cramped muscle. You can also use an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables.","Heat is another option. Heat improves superficial blood circulation and makes muscles more flexible, so some people find that heat is more soothing for muscle cramps than ice, says Stern. Try a heating pad for 20 minutes at a time or even a warm shower or bath. Massage the muscle with your hands following ice or heat.","Move around. \"Inactivity also is a cause of cramps,\" says Valery Lanyi, MD, physiatrist at Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University Medical Center in New York City. If you've been on the road for an hour, get out and walk around for 5 minutes.[pagebreak]","Muscle cramps usually go away on their own, even if you do nothing, says Dr. Putukian. But if you're drinking plenty of fluids and eating a balanced diet and keep getting cramps, see your doctor. Frequent, intense muscle cramping may be a sign of a more serious condition, such as a blood clot or an electrolyte problem.","We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account."]},"parsed_md":"Muscle Cramps | Prevention\n\nJump to navigation\n\n * Sign in\n\n * Subscribe\n * Shop\n * Health\n * Weight Loss\n * Fitness\n * Eat Clean\n * Sex\n * Mind-Body\n * Food\n * Beauty\n * Recipes\n * Video\n * Free Newsletter\n * Instant Calm\n * Cancer\n\n * Retailer Program\n * Give a Gift\n * Prevention Books\n * Customer Service\n * Manage Email Preferences\n * Advertising Inquiries\n * License Award Logos\n * Rodale Inc. Brands\n * Copyright Notice\n * Privacy Policy\n * Amazon Affiliate\n * Terms of Use\n\nThe information presented on this website is not intended as specific medical\nadvice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment or\ndiagnosis. Read our Medical Advice Notice.\n\nCopyright © 2017 Rodale Inc. \"Prevention\" and \"Prevention.com\" are registered\ntrademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission\nor display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.\n\nPrivacy Policy. About Us.\n\n * Health\n * 4 Weeks to Fit\n * Premium\n * Subscribe\n\nFitness Tips for Success\n\n# Muscle Cramps\n\nNovember 3, 2011\n\n * Subscribe\n\nX Close\n\n * Subscribe\n\nX Close\n\n#### Description & Prevention\n\nSay you're playing tennis and doing pretty well. One minute you're fine, then\nsuddenly, for no apparent reason, your calf muscle knots up and you can't\nmove.\n\nWhat's happened is that your muscle has tightened and shortened, causing\nsudden, severe pain, explains Debra Zillmer, MD, orthopedic surgeon and\nmedical director of the Gundersen Lutheran Sports Medicine Clinic in La\nCrosse, WI. In active, healthy people, muscle cramps generally result from\noverexertion and dehydration, like spending 3 hours playing tennis in hot,\nsummer heat and forgetting to take sips from your water bottle.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLet's Stay In Touch\n\nYou may unsubscribe at any time.\n\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\n\n\"When you don't have enough fluid in your system, it leads to an electrolyte\nimbalance that causes your muscles to cramp up,\" says Dr. Zillmer.\n\nElectrolytes are chemicals in the body (sodium, magnesium, calcium, and\npotassium) that help the cells function normally. An imbalance occurs when we\nhave too much or too little of one or more electrolytes in our system. The\nmain electrolytes affecting muscle cramping are sodium, calcium, and\npotassium.\n\nOther cramps, not related to fluid intake, occur after inactivity such as\nsitting too long in one place without moving a muscle. Sometimes you even get\na cramp when you're just lying in bed, though no one is sure why.[pagebreak]\n\n#### Treatment\n\nThough people most often get cramps in their calves, you can also get them in\nyour thighs, feet, or just about any muscle. But doctors say that most cramps\ncan be eased by a few simple measures.\n\nMassage gently. To relax the tightened area, Dr. Zillmer suggests gently\nmassaging the spot that's cramped, whether it's a crick in your calf from\noverexercising or a spasm in your feet from wearing high heels all day.\n\nS-t-r-e-t-c-h. \"Next, stretch the muscle out slowly and gently, as long as you\ndon't feel pain,\" says Dr. Zillmer.\n\nFor calf cramps, do a wall stretch. Stand about 3 feet away from the wall,\nwith your knees straight and your heels on the floor. Lean into the wall,\nsupporting yourself with your hands. You will feel the stretch of your calf\nmuscles. Hold for 60 seconds, and repeat three times, says Dr. Zillmer.\n\nDrink fluids. \"If you get muscle cramps after golf or other forms of exertion,\ndrink water or a sports drink or juice to rehydrate and restore your\nelectrolyte balance,\" says Dr. Zillmer. Most of the time, water will be\nsufficient to rehydrate you. The exception is if you have spent several hours\nexercising in extreme heat. You are then better off choosing a sports drink\ncontaining electrolytes. Focus on calcium, potassium, and general hydration.\n\nGet some calcium and potassium. The electrolyte imbalance that causes muscle\ncramps can also be caused by deficiencies of calcium and potassium in the\ndiet, says Margot Putukian, MD, team physician at Pennsylvania State\nUniversity and assistant professor of orthopedic surgery and internal medicine\nat the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey. To beef up your calcium\nlevels, she suggests low-fat dairy products such as yogurt and skim milk. For\npotassium, focus on sweet potatoes, turkey, bananas, and orange juice.\n\nUndo a cramp with ice. \"Ice is both a pain reliever and an anti-inflammatory,\"\nsays Judith C. Stern, a physical therapist in private practice in Westchester,\nNY. Stern suggests you keep a paper cup of ice in the freezer for just such\nemergencies, then massage the area on and around your cramp as needed. \"Tear\ndown the edge of the cup and, holding the paper end, rub the ice over the\ncramped muscle. This way, it won't be too cold to hold,\" says Stern.\n\nMassage the area with ice for no more than 10 minutes, or until the area is\nbright red, which indicates that blood cells have returned to heat the cramped\nmuscle. You can also use an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables.\n\nHeat is another option. Heat improves superficial blood circulation and makes\nmuscles more flexible, so some people find that heat is more soothing for\nmuscle cramps than ice, says Stern. Try a heating pad for 20 minutes at a time\nor even a warm shower or bath. Massage the muscle with your hands following\nice or heat.\n\nMove around. \"Inactivity also is a cause of cramps,\" says Valery Lanyi, MD,\nphysiatrist at Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York\nUniversity Medical Center in New York City. If you've been on the road for an\nhour, get out and walk around for 5 minutes.[pagebreak]\n\n#### When to See a Doctor\n\nMuscle cramps usually go away on their own, even if you do nothing, says Dr.\nPutukian. But if you're drinking plenty of fluids and eating a balanced diet\nand keep getting cramps, see your doctor. Frequent, intense muscle cramping\nmay be a sign of a more serious condition, such as a blood clot or an\nelectrolyte problem.\n\nTags: Tips for Success\n\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\n\nCopyright © 2017 Rodale Inc.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nAlready a print subscriber? 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They can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group.","Although the exact cause of muscle cramps is unknown (idiopathic), some researchers believe inadequate stretching and muscle fatigue leads to abnormalities in the mechanisms that control muscle contraction. Other factors may also be involved, including poor conditioning, exercising or working in intense heat, dehydration and depletion of salt and minerals (electrolytes).","Muscles are bundles of fibers that contract and expand to produce movement. A regular program of stretching lengthens muscle fibers so they can contract and tighten more vigorously when you exercise. When your body is poorly conditioned, you are more likely to experience muscle fatigue, which can alter spinal neural reflex activity. Overexertion depletes a muscle's oxygen supply, leading to build up of waste product and spasm. When a cramp begins, the spinal cord stimulates the muscle to keep contracting.","Muscle cramps are more likely when you exercise in hot weather because sweat drains your body's fluids, salt and minerals (i.e., potassium, magnesium and calcium). Loss of these nutrients may also cause a muscle to spasm.","Those at greatest risk for cramps and other ailments related to excess heat include infants and young children, and people over age 65. Other factors that put people at greater risk for muscle cramp include:","Muscle cramps are very common among endurance athletes, such as marathon runners and triathletes, and older people who perform strenuous physical activities.","Athletes are more likely to get cramps in the preseason when the body is not conditioned and therefore more subject to fatigue. Cramps often develop near the end of intense or prolonged exercise, or 4 to 6 hours later.","Older people are more susceptible to muscle cramps due to normal muscle loss (atrophy) that begins in the mid-40s and accelerates with inactivity. As you age, your muscles cannot work as hard or as quickly as they used to. The body also loses some of its sense of thirst and its ability to sense and respond to changes in temperature.","Muscle cramps range in intensity from a slight tic to agonizing pain. A cramping muscle may feel hard to the touch and/or appear visibly distorted or twitch beneath the skin. A cramp can last a few seconds to 15 minutes or longer. It might recur multiple times before it goes away.","To avoid future cramps, work toward better overall fitness. Do regular flexibility exercises before and after you work out to stretch muscle groups most prone to cramping.","Always warm up before stretching. Good examples of warm-up activities are slowly running in place or walking briskly for a few minutes.","Lean forward against a wall with one leg in front of the other. Straighten your back leg and press your heel into the floor. Your front knee is bent. Hold for 15 to 30 seconds.","Do: Keep both heels flat on the floor. Point the toes of your back foot toward the heel of your front foot.","Sit up tall with both legs extended straight in front of you. Your feet are neutral — not pointed or flexed. Place your palms on the floor and slide your hands toward your ankles. Hold for 30 seconds.","Do: Keep your chest open and back long. Reach from your hips. Stop sliding your palms forward when you feel the stretch.","Hold on to a wall or the back of a chair for balance. Lift one foot and bring your heel up toward your buttocks. Grasp your ankle with your hand and pull your heel closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.","See your doctor if cramps are severe, happen frequently, respond poorly to simple treatments, or are not related to obvious causes like strenuous exercise. You could have problems with circulation, nerves, metabolism, hormones, medications, or nutrition.","Muscle cramps may be a part of many conditions that range from minor to severe, such as Lou Gehrig's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), spinal nerve irritation or compression (radiculopathy), hardening of the arteries, narrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis), thyroid disease, chronic infections, and cirrhosis of the liver.","AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.","Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."]},"parsed_md":"Muscle Cramps -OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nMuscle Cramps\n\nA muscle cramp is an involuntary contraction of a muscle that occurs suddenly\nand does not relax. If you have ever experienced a charley horse, you probably\nstill remember the sudden, tight and intense pain caused by a muscle locked in\nspasm.\n\nCramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle).\nThey can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group.\n\nThe most commonly affected muscle groups are:\n\n * Back of lower leg/calf (gastrocnemius)\n * Back of thigh (hamstrings)\n * Front of thigh (quadriceps)\n\nCramps in the feet, hands, arms, abdomen, and along the rib cage are also very\ncommon.\n\n©2010, Getty Images.\n\nCause\n\nAlthough the exact cause of muscle cramps is unknown (idiopathic), some\nresearchers believe inadequate stretching and muscle fatigue leads to\nabnormalities in the mechanisms that control muscle contraction. Other factors\nmay also be involved, including poor conditioning, exercising or working in\nintense heat, dehydration and depletion of salt and minerals (electrolytes).\n\n#### Inadequate Stretching and Muscle Fatigue\n\nMuscles are bundles of fibers that contract and expand to produce movement. A\nregular program of stretching lengthens muscle fibers so they can contract and\ntighten more vigorously when you exercise. When your body is poorly\nconditioned, you are more likely to experience muscle fatigue, which can alter\nspinal neural reflex activity. Overexertion depletes a muscle's oxygen supply,\nleading to build up of waste product and spasm. When a cramp begins, the\nspinal cord stimulates the muscle to keep contracting.\n\n#### Heat, Dehydration, and Electrolyte Depletion\n\nMuscle cramps are more likely when you exercise in hot weather because sweat\ndrains your body's fluids, salt and minerals (i.e., potassium, magnesium and\ncalcium). Loss of these nutrients may also cause a muscle to spasm.\n\n#### Risk Factors\n\nSome people are predisposed to muscle cramps and get them regularly with any\nphysical exertion.\n\nThose at greatest risk for cramps and other ailments related to excess heat\ninclude infants and young children, and people over age 65. Other factors that\nput people at greater risk for muscle cramp include:\n\n * Being ill or overweight\n * Overexerting during work or exercise\n * Taking certain medications\n\nMuscle cramps are very common among endurance athletes, such as marathon\nrunners and triathletes, and older people who perform strenuous physical\nactivities.\n\n * Athletes are more likely to get cramps in the preseason when the body is not conditioned and therefore more subject to fatigue. Cramps often develop near the end of intense or prolonged exercise, or 4 to 6 hours later.\n * Older people are more susceptible to muscle cramps due to normal muscle loss (atrophy) that begins in the mid-40s and accelerates with inactivity. As you age, your muscles cannot work as hard or as quickly as they used to. The body also loses some of its sense of thirst and its ability to sense and respond to changes in temperature.\n\nTop of page\n\nSymptoms\n\nMuscle cramps range in intensity from a slight tic to agonizing pain. A\ncramping muscle may feel hard to the touch and/or appear visibly distorted or\ntwitch beneath the skin. A cramp can last a few seconds to 15 minutes or\nlonger. It might recur multiple times before it goes away.\n\nTop of page\n\nHome Remedies\n\nCramps usually go away on their own without seeing a doctor.\n\n * Stop doing whatever activity triggered the cramp.\n * Gently stretch and massage the cramping muscle, holding it in stretched position until the cramp stops.\n * Apply heat to tense/tight muscles, or cold to sore/tender muscles.\n\nTop of page\n\nPrevention\n\nTo avoid future cramps, work toward better overall fitness. Do regular\nflexibility exercises before and after you work out to stretch muscle groups\nmost prone to cramping.\n\n#### Warm Up\n\nAlways warm up before stretching. Good examples of warm-up activities are\nslowly running in place or walking briskly for a few minutes.\n\n#### Calf Muscle Stretch\n\nYou should feel this stretch in your calf and down toward your heel.\n\nLean forward against a wall with one leg in front of the other. Straighten\nyour back leg and press your heel into the floor. Your front knee is bent.\nHold for 15 to 30 seconds.\n\nDo: Keep both heels flat on the floor. Point the toes of your back foot toward\nthe heel of your front foot.\n\n#### Hamstring Muscle Stretch\n\nYou should feel this stretch at the back of your thighs and behind your knees.\n\nSit up tall with both legs extended straight in front of you. Your feet are\nneutral — not pointed or flexed. Place your palms on the floor and slide your\nhands toward your ankles. Hold for 30 seconds.\n\nDo: Keep your chest open and back long. Reach from your hips. Stop sliding\nyour palms forward when you feel the stretch.\n\nDo not: Round your back or try to bring your nose to your knees. Do not lock\nyour knees.\n\n#### Quadriceps Muscle Stretch\n\nYou should feel this stretch in the front of your thigh.\n\nHold on to a wall or the back of a chair for balance. Lift one foot and bring\nyour heel up toward your buttocks. Grasp your ankle with your hand and pull\nyour heel closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.\n\nDo: Keep your knees close together. Stop bringing your heel closer when you\nfeel the stretch.\n\nDo not: Arch or twist your back.\n\nHold each stretch briefly, then release. Never stretch to the point of pain.\n\nTop of page\n\nWhen To See Your Doctor\n\nAlthough most muscle cramps are benign, sometimes they can indicate a serious\nmedical condition.\n\nSee your doctor if cramps are severe, happen frequently, respond poorly to\nsimple treatments, or are not related to obvious causes like strenuous\nexercise. You could have problems with circulation, nerves, metabolism,\nhormones, medications, or nutrition.\n\nMuscle cramps may be a part of many conditions that range from minor to\nsevere, such as Lou Gehrig's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), spinal\nnerve irritation or compression (radiculopathy), hardening of the arteries,\nnarrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis), thyroid disease, chronic infections,\nand cirrhosis of the liver.\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: June 2017\n\nContributed and/or Updated by: Rick Wilkerson, DO\n\nPeer-Reviewed by: Stuart J. Fischer, MD\n\nContributor Disclosure Information\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Articles\n\nFlexibility Exercises\n\nFlexibility Exercises (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00310)\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319)\n\nSafe Exercise\n\nSafe Exercise (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00418)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Articles\n\nFlexibility Exercises\n\nFlexibility Exercises (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00310)\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319)\n\nSafe Exercise\n\nSafe Exercise (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00418)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223334/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098","parsed_text":{"title":"Self-management","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Muscle cramp - Self-management - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416170328/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=2","parsed_text":{"title":"Aerobic exercise: How to warm up and cool down","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Aerobic exercise: How to warm up and cool down - Mayo Clinic\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210610100100/https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Recently, 10 healthy male college students filed into an exercise laboratory at Brigham Young University in Utah to drink pickle juice. Many people involved in sports are convinced that the briny fluid combats muscle cramping. In a 2008 survey, a quarter of the athletic trainers interviewed said that they regularly dispense pickle juice to cramp-stricken athletes. Many also report that, in their experiences, the stuff quickly brakes the cramping. The athletic trainers have told researchers that they believe the pickle juice must be replenishing the salt and fluids the athletes had lost to sweat. But no laboratory science had verified that theory.\",\n \"The Utah volunteers began with a series of 30-minute bicycling sessions, using a semi-recumbent bicycle, configured so that only the leg pedaled. The laboratory was warm, increasing the amount the exercising men sweated. Each cycled in 30-minute bouts (with five minutes of rest between) until each had lost 3 percent of his body weight through perspiration, a widely accepted definition of mild dehydration.\",\n \"The young men were then fitted with a contraption on the big toe of their unexercised leg, and the tibial nerve in the men’s ankles was electrically stimulated, causing a muscle in the big toe to cramp. (The procedure causes some discomfort, making it too painful to use on larger muscles, like the hamstrings or the quadriceps.) The volunteers were told to relax and let the cramps run their course. The average duration of the cramps was about two and a half minutes.\",\n \"The volunteers rested and did not drink any fluids. Then their tibial nerve was zapped again. This time, though, as soon as the toe cramps began, each man downed about 2.5 ounces of either deionized water or pickle juice, strained from a jar of ordinary Vlasic dills. The reaction, for some, was rapid. Within about 85 seconds, the men drinking pickle juice stopped cramping. But the cramps continued unabated in the men drinking water. Pickle juice had “relieved a cramp 45 percent faster” than drinking no fluids and about 37 percent faster than water, concluded the authors of the study, which was published last month on the Web site of the journal of the American College of Sports Medicine.\",\n \"Exercise-induced muscle cramps are one of the continuing mysteries of physiology. Extremely pervasive, they afflict most active people at some point. But scientists remain deeply divided about what causes the cramping. For years, most people, inside and outside academia, believed that cramping was caused by sweating-induced dehydration and the accompanying loss of sodium and potassium. Sufferers were advised to load up on potassium-rich bananas or chug large amounts of salty sports drinks.\",\n \"But a number of laboratory and field studies in recent years have undermined the dehydration theory. The most recent, completed by the same group of scientists who studied pickle juice, employed a similar study design. A group of college students had cramps induced in their toes. They then pedaled with one leg until dehydration set in. Their toes were made to cramp again, Presumably if dehydration were the underlying cause of the cramping, the scientists should have been able to induce a cramp with less electrical stimulation when the men were dehydrated; their muscles should have been primed to cramp. But the experiment didn’t work out that way. As detailed last month in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, the scientists had to use the same amount of stimulation to induce a cramp after dehydration as they had before. Their conclusion? “Exercise-induced cramps occurring to athletes” who are mildly dehydrated “were likely not caused by dehydration,” says Kevin C. Miller, Ph.D., ATC, the lead author of both studies and now an assistant professor in the Athletic Training Education Program at North Dakota State University in Fargo.\",\n \"What, then, does probably cause athletes to cramp? The pickle-juice experiment provides some intriguing clues. “The pickle juice did not have time” to leave the men’s stomachs during the experiment, Dr. Miller points out. So the liquid itself could not have been replenishing lost fluids and salt in the affected muscles. Instead some other mechanism must have initiated the cramps and been stymied by the pickle juice.\",\n \"Dr. Miller suspects that that mechanism is exhaustion, either directly or through biochemical processes that accompany fatigue. Certain mechanisms within muscles have been found, in animal and limited human studies, he says, to start misfiring when a muscle is extremely tired. Small nerves that should keep the muscle from overcontracting malfunction, and the muscle bunches when it should relax. Pickle juice may work, Dr. Miller says, by countermanding the malfunction. Something in the acidic juice, perhaps even a specific molecule of some kind, may be lighting up specialized nervous-system receptors in the throat or stomach, he says, which, in turn, send out nerve signals that somehow disrupt the reflex melee in the muscles. Dr. Miller suspects that ultimately, it’s the vinegar in the pickle juice that activates the receptors. In a recent case report by other researchers, a single athlete’s cramping was relieved more quickly when he drank pure vinegar (without much pleasure, I’m sure) than when he drank pickle juice.\",\n \"At the moment, speculation about the powers of pickle juice remains just that, speculative. “It’s extremely challenging” to induce realistic sports cramps in the lab, Dr. Miller says. His technique, of causing the big toe to spasm, while useful, can’t fully replicate what happens in larger, stronger leg muscles during a cramp. Still, the work is suggestive and, perhaps most important, implies methods for finding relief. “If muscle fatigue is the cause,” he says, then training properly, building up your mileage slowly and perhaps adding strength training that focuses specifically on muscles that have cramped in the past, may help. In the meantime, if your calf or other muscle suddenly, painfully catches, “try stretching it,” Dr. Miller says. Doing so has been found in laboratory studies to significantly shorten the duration of a muscle cramp, most likely by shaking up and resetting the misfiring muscle and nerve reflexes. And perhaps, if you can stomach the idea, pack a few ounces of pickle juice on your next training session. It’s not as palatable as bananas, but unlike them, Dr. Miller says, “it seems to work.”\",\n \"I am not an athlete, but I have had a history of violent muscle cramps. The miracle remedy that I found is “Leg Cramps” by Hylands. It has quinine in it. I buy it over the counter at Wal-Mart. It’s freely available, inexpensive, and works instantly.\",\n \"Because I have osteoporosis (yes, men get it too), I take Actonel, but found it caused painful muscle cramps, mostly in my calves, while I slept. My endocrinologist suggested adding a magnesium supplement to my diet (not too much or one becomes prisoner to its laxative effect!).\",\n \"Now, I’m also fond of pickles – the real sour garlic ones – not those wimpy dills – but 100 mg of magnesium every other day has more appeal than keeping a jar of pickle juice on my nightstand.\",\n \"I’m always looking for a magic bullet to relieve the insidious nightmare called RLS (restless legs syndrome), which sometimes make me think about sawing off my limbs . I’ll try anything, and pickle juice just got my attention.\",\n \"The researchers are missing an even simpler mechanism: protons (hydrogen ions, which are what characterize acid fluids) migrate from the digestive tract into the blood stream, and, after causing a slight decrease in pH, increase the ionized (active) concentration of many other chemical species, notably calcium and magnesium. Magnesium is recommended for diabetics with leg cramping, so it would not be surprising to find that a short term Mg deficit was responsible for cramping in athletes, and that such a deficit was corrected by decreasing the blood pH (making the blood more acid).\",\n \"Ironically, acid in the digestive system increases its permeability, further increasing the migration of H+ (and other ions, notably K+), something that many acid reflux sufferers have experienced. This increased permeability transporting iron ions is also believed to be responsible for some intractable cases of depression, similar to that caused by many blood pressure medications.\",\n \"Mustard works too, even if it’s not as palatable as pickle juice! Regular yellow mustard — a teaspoonful, and for muscle cramps other than the exercise- induced kind... Tonic water can also help, as well as magnesium. But most people have mustard in their fridges and might not have the other stuff.\",\n \"Intriguing. My foot cramps are theorized to be caused by Reynaud’s vasoconstriction–I wonder if the cramping mechanism affected by the pickle juice is the same, despite likely different triggers.\",\n \"I might buy some dill pickles and test this on my cramps. If the acidity is the functional player, I could try diluted vinegar, but I will probably eliminate that variable in an initial test. If I could get rapid relief from the cramps without having to soak my feet in warm water or without taking nifedipine as a prophylactic in the winter, I’ll be thrilled.\",\n \"Pickle juice is a home remedy advocated on some GERD treatment websites. In my experience, it does seem to alleviate GERD symptoms. Perhaps there is something in pickle juice which affects how muscles respond to certain stimuli.\",\n \"I’m an athlete who suffers from severe, intermittent muscle cramping as an after-effect of having had West Nile virus in 2003. My muscles tend to contract and want to stay contracted.\",\n \"Is there any magnesium in pickle juice? I’ve discovered that if I take magnesium every day, my muscles don’t cramp. Apparently mag helps to fire the nerves involved in the muscle relaxation phase.\",\n \"My big dressage horse became much more supple and relaxed in his work after he was also discovered to be magnesium deficient and started on a mag supplement. I assume that he was cramping, too.\",\n \"Am I the only one who sometimes gets middle-of-the-night calf cramps after drinking too much (which presumably causes dehydration much more so than fatigue)? I’d like to see them look more broadly at cramps that occur where there is no obvious source of muscle fatigue.\",\n \"If vinegar is proven to be the active ingredient in pickle juice that rapidly relieves muscle cramps, this discovery may unlock a biblical mystery. In the best eyewitness account of the crucifiction of Jesus Christ, John 19:28-30 describes Jesus receiving a drink of wine vinegar prior to death.\",\n \"No prior discussion has made it clear why wine vinegar was placed at the disposal of crucified victims. Crucifiction was designed to cause prolonged, maximal torture. The suspended, spread-eagle body position with flexed knees required active muscular contraction to produce each exhalation. In the setting of dehydration and muscular effort, muscle cramps would have been very common and painful. Providing wine vinegar may have introduced a classic Catch-22. relieving the immediate pain and disability produced by cramping muscles while allowing prolongation of the overall torture.\",\n \"If other historical records can be found to document the use of wine vinegar during crucifiction, it may be useful to concentrate studies on vinegar derived from wine as opposed to other sources. I look forward to feedback from other readers and possible follow up stories.\",\n \"Fantastic. My crew coach used to tell us to use pickle juice for muscle cramps. The old goat was right after all! He also advocated blackberry brandy for diarrhea. That might be easier to study on college students. Then again, maybe not.\",\n \"For about the past 20 years I’ve been suffering from cramps in the muscles that go from my right knee to my right hip. About once a year these cramps are very strong and last for some time, Practically every other day they last a few seconds, but recurr aabout every ten minutes and do not let me sleep. Massaging helps but does not stop them completely. Could you give me the name of books where I could read up on this?\",\n \"Yeah but this isn’t news. As a very athletic kid growing up playing Pop Warner and high school sports I often suffered ‘charlie horse’ cramps. Sometimes in the middle of the night while asleep. My mother while vigoriously massaging my leg or thigh muscle gave me a jigger of vinegar (preferably, apple cider variety) and within minutes the cramps subsided. I’m now 55 yrs. old and I thought everybody knew this.\",\n \"i get leg cramps so bad it feels like the muscle is tearing off the bone lasting 30 minutes. I found taking 4 advil will relieve cramp in a couple of minutes every time. I carry it with me at all times\",\n \"Interesting. When I get a muscle cramp (usually gastrocnemius), if I punch it with my fist for 20-30 seconds, the cramp goes away.\",\n \"What does work is quinine, most easily available in tonic . This has been known for years. Why it is not used by athletes is beyond me\",\n \"also for joint pains (big toe, esp.) check out the effect of a tablespoon of unfiltered apple cider vinegar–or eating an apple or two, skin on.\",\n \"(My theory as to why the “unfiltered” vinegar works (it contains “the mother” or maybe “must” or just most of the skin, reduced to particulate size) because it does contain (what’s left of) the skin.\",\n \"check around on the web for more info, but for me it worked w/in 5 hours of a very, very painful big-toe joint.\",\n \"I think this could also be a placebo effect of some kind. The athletes can tell the difference between pickle juice and water, or between vinegar and pickle juice.\",\n \"I was always told to drink quinine water (or better yet) a gin and tonic to ward off cramps. It seemed to work, even when it was all tonic and no gin....\",\n \"My father used pickle juice to strengthen his hands.. When we got a cramp we used Quinine water and that weorked!\",\n \"After a comminuted distal tibial/fibular fracture, I was plagued with severe calf cramps in the injured leg at night. The cast meant I couldn’t stretch to relieve them, I just had to suffer. Until my doctor recommended drinking 6-8 ounces of tonic water that contained quinine nightly before bedtime.\",\n \"“not as palatable as bananas...” I love pickles and pickle juice and now I finally have a reason to indulge my desire. Please write a followup about how maraschino cherry juice prevents alzheimer’s!\",\n \"As a rugby player, for years I’ve stopped night-time cramping after games by drinking dilute apple cider. The academic world is just discovering this?\",\n \"Get Well's Running email for practical tips, expert advice, exclusive content and a bit of motivation delivered to your inbox every week to help you on your running journey. Coming soon.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps? - The New York Times\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n## The New York Times\\n\\n###### Well | Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?\\n\\nSupported by\\n\\n# Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?\\n\\nBy Gretchen Reynolds June 9, 2010 12:01 am June 9, 2010 12:01 am\\n\\nStockbyte/Getty Images\\n\\nRecently, 10 healthy male college students filed into an exercise laboratory\\nat Brigham Young University in Utah to drink pickle juice. Many people\\ninvolved in sports are convinced that the briny fluid combats muscle cramping.\\nIn a 2008 survey, a quarter of the athletic trainers interviewed said that\\nthey regularly dispense pickle juice to cramp-stricken athletes. Many also\\nreport that, in their experiences, the stuff quickly brakes the cramping. The\\nathletic trainers have told researchers that they believe the pickle juice\\nmust be replenishing the salt and fluids the athletes had lost to sweat. But\\nno laboratory science had verified that theory.\\n\\nThe Utah volunteers began with a series of 30-minute bicycling sessions, using\\na semi-recumbent bicycle, configured so that only the leg pedaled. The\\nlaboratory was warm, increasing the amount the exercising men sweated. Each\\ncycled in 30-minute bouts (with five minutes of rest between) until each had\\nlost 3 percent of his body weight through perspiration, a widely accepted\\ndefinition of mild dehydration.\\n\\nThe young men were then fitted with a contraption on the big toe of their\\nunexercised leg, and the tibial nerve in the men’s ankles was electrically\\nstimulated, causing a muscle in the big toe to cramp. (The procedure causes\\nsome discomfort, making it too painful to use on larger muscles, like the\\nhamstrings or the quadriceps.) The volunteers were told to relax and let the\\ncramps run their course. The average duration of the cramps was about two and\\na half minutes.\\n\\nThe volunteers rested and did not drink any fluids. Then their tibial nerve\\nwas zapped again. This time, though, as soon as the toe cramps began, each man\\ndowned about 2.5 ounces of either deionized water or pickle juice, strained\\nfrom a jar of ordinary Vlasic dills. The reaction, for some, was rapid. Within\\nabout 85 seconds, the men drinking pickle juice stopped cramping. But the\\ncramps continued unabated in the men drinking water. Pickle juice had\\n“relieved a cramp 45 percent faster” than drinking no fluids and about 37\\npercent faster than water, concluded the authors of the study, which was\\npublished last month on the Web site of the journal of the American College of\\nSports Medicine.\\n\\n###### Related\\n\\n * More Phys Ed columns\\n * Faster, Higher, Stronger\\n * Fitness and Nutrition News\\n\\nExercise-induced muscle cramps are one of the continuing mysteries of\\nphysiology. Extremely pervasive, they afflict most active people at some\\npoint. But scientists remain deeply divided about what causes the cramping.\\nFor years, most people, inside and outside academia, believed that cramping\\nwas caused by sweating-induced dehydration and the accompanying loss of sodium\\nand potassium. Sufferers were advised to load up on potassium-rich bananas or\\nchug large amounts of salty sports drinks.\\n\\nBut a number of laboratory and field studies in recent years have undermined\\nthe dehydration theory. The most recent, completed by the same group of\\nscientists who studied pickle juice, employed a similar study design. A group\\nof college students had cramps induced in their toes. They then pedaled with\\none leg until dehydration set in. Their toes were made to cramp again,\\nPresumably if dehydration were the underlying cause of the cramping, the\\nscientists should have been able to induce a cramp with less electrical\\nstimulation when the men were dehydrated; their muscles should have been\\nprimed to cramp. But the experiment didn’t work out that way. As detailed last\\nmonth in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, the\\nscientists had to use the same amount of stimulation to induce a cramp after\\ndehydration as they had before. Their conclusion? “Exercise-induced cramps\\noccurring to athletes” who are mildly dehydrated “were likely not caused by\\ndehydration,” says Kevin C. Miller, Ph.D., ATC, the lead author of both\\nstudies and now an assistant professor in the Athletic Training Education\\nProgram at North Dakota State University in Fargo.\\n\\nWhat, then, does probably cause athletes to cramp? The pickle-juice experiment\\nprovides some intriguing clues. “The pickle juice did not have time” to leave\\nthe men’s stomachs during the experiment, Dr. Miller points out. So the liquid\\nitself could not have been replenishing lost fluids and salt in the affected\\nmuscles. Instead some other mechanism must have initiated the cramps and been\\nstymied by the pickle juice.\\n\\nDr. Miller suspects that that mechanism is exhaustion, either directly or\\nthrough biochemical processes that accompany fatigue. Certain mechanisms\\nwithin muscles have been found, in animal and limited human studies, he says,\\nto start misfiring when a muscle is extremely tired. Small nerves that should\\nkeep the muscle from overcontracting malfunction, and the muscle bunches when\\nit should relax. Pickle juice may work, Dr. Miller says, by countermanding the\\nmalfunction. Something in the acidic juice, perhaps even a specific molecule\\nof some kind, may be lighting up specialized nervous-system receptors in the\\nthroat or stomach, he says, which, in turn, send out nerve signals that\\nsomehow disrupt the reflex melee in the muscles. Dr. Miller suspects that\\nultimately, it’s the vinegar in the pickle juice that activates the receptors.\\nIn a recent case report by other researchers, a single athlete’s cramping was\\nrelieved more quickly when he drank pure vinegar (without much pleasure, I’m\\nsure) than when he drank pickle juice.\\n\\nAt the moment, speculation about the powers of pickle juice remains just that,\\nspeculative. “It’s extremely challenging” to induce realistic sports cramps in\\nthe lab, Dr. Miller says. His technique, of causing the big toe to spasm,\\nwhile useful, can’t fully replicate what happens in larger, stronger leg\\nmuscles during a cramp. Still, the work is suggestive and, perhaps most\\nimportant, implies methods for finding relief. “If muscle fatigue is the\\ncause,” he says, then training properly, building up your mileage slowly and\\nperhaps adding strength training that focuses specifically on muscles that\\nhave cramped in the past, may help. In the meantime, if your calf or other\\nmuscle suddenly, painfully catches, “try stretching it,” Dr. Miller says.\\nDoing so has been found in laboratory studies to significantly shorten the\\nduration of a muscle cramp, most likely by shaking up and resetting the\\nmisfiring muscle and nerve reflexes. And perhaps, if you can stomach the idea,\\npack a few ounces of pickle juice on your next training session. It’s not as\\npalatable as bananas, but unlike them, Dr. Miller says, “it seems to work.”\\n\\nComments are no longer being accepted.\\n\\nJane June 9, 2010 · 12:17 am\\n\\nI am not an athlete, but I have had a history of violent muscle cramps. The\\nmiracle remedy that I found is “Leg Cramps” by Hylands. It has quinine in it.\\nI buy it over the counter at Wal-Mart. It’s freely available, inexpensive, and\\nworks instantly.\\n\\nSimple is sometimes the best.\\n\\nBill June 9, 2010 · 1:20 am\\n\\nBecause I have osteoporosis (yes, men get it too), I take Actonel, but found\\nit caused painful muscle cramps, mostly in my calves, while I slept. My\\nendocrinologist suggested adding a magnesium supplement to my diet (not too\\nmuch or one becomes prisoner to its laxative effect!).\\n\\nResult: no more being jolted awake by knotted muscles.\\n\\nNow, I’m also fond of pickles – the real sour garlic ones – not those wimpy\\ndills – but 100 mg of magnesium every other day has more appeal than keeping a\\njar of pickle juice on my nightstand.\\n\\nCould adding magnesium help athletes prevent the cramps?\\n\\nAdrian June 9, 2010 · 1:32 am\\n\\nI’m always looking for a magic bullet to relieve the insidious nightmare\\ncalled RLS (restless legs syndrome), which sometimes make me think about\\nsawing off my limbs . I’ll try anything, and pickle juice just got my\\nattention.\\n\\nKen Belcher June 9, 2010 · 1:46 am\\n\\nThe researchers are missing an even simpler mechanism: protons (hydrogen ions,\\nwhich are what characterize acid fluids) migrate from the digestive tract into\\nthe blood stream, and, after causing a slight decrease in pH, increase the\\nionized (active) concentration of many other chemical species, notably calcium\\nand magnesium. Magnesium is recommended for diabetics with leg cramping, so it\\nwould not be surprising to find that a short term Mg deficit was responsible\\nfor cramping in athletes, and that such a deficit was corrected by decreasing\\nthe blood pH (making the blood more acid).\\n\\nIronically, acid in the digestive system increases its permeability, further\\nincreasing the migration of H+ (and other ions, notably K+), something that\\nmany acid reflux sufferers have experienced. This increased permeability\\ntransporting iron ions is also believed to be responsible for some intractable\\ncases of depression, similar to that caused by many blood pressure\\nmedications.\\n\\nJoelle Morrison June 9, 2010 · 2:04 am\\n\\nMustard works too, even if it’s not as palatable as pickle juice! Regular\\nyellow mustard — a teaspoonful, and for muscle cramps other than the exercise-\\ninduced kind... Tonic water can also help, as well as magnesium. But most\\npeople have mustard in their fridges and might not have the other stuff.\\n\\nBeth June 9, 2010 · 2:14 am\\n\\nIntriguing. My foot cramps are theorized to be caused by Reynaud’s\\nvasoconstriction–I wonder if the cramping mechanism affected by the pickle\\njuice is the same, despite likely different triggers.\\n\\nI might buy some dill pickles and test this on my cramps. If the acidity is\\nthe functional player, I could try diluted vinegar, but I will probably\\neliminate that variable in an initial test. If I could get rapid relief from\\nthe cramps without having to soak my feet in warm water or without taking\\nnifedipine as a prophylactic in the winter, I’ll be thrilled.\\n\\nPeter M June 9, 2010 · 2:25 am\\n\\nPickle juice is a home remedy advocated on some GERD treatment websites. In my\\nexperience, it does seem to alleviate GERD symptoms. Perhaps there is\\nsomething in pickle juice which affects how muscles respond to certain\\nstimuli.\\n\\nPaula June 9, 2010 · 2:33 am\\n\\nI’m an athlete who suffers from severe, intermittent muscle cramping as an\\nafter-effect of having had West Nile virus in 2003. My muscles tend to\\ncontract and want to stay contracted.\\n\\nIs there any magnesium in pickle juice? I’ve discovered that if I take\\nmagnesium every day, my muscles don’t cramp. Apparently mag helps to fire the\\nnerves involved in the muscle relaxation phase.\\n\\nMy big dressage horse became much more supple and relaxed in his work after he\\nwas also discovered to be magnesium deficient and started on a mag supplement.\\nI assume that he was cramping, too.\\n\\nHope this is news someone can use. I’ll have to pick up a jar of dills for\\nemergencies.\\n\\nTB June 9, 2010 · 2:36 am\\n\\nAm I the only one who sometimes gets middle-of-the-night calf cramps after\\ndrinking too much (which presumably causes dehydration much more so than\\nfatigue)? I’d like to see them look more broadly at cramps that occur where\\nthere is no obvious source of muscle fatigue.\\n\\nAlan Caroe, MD June 9, 2010 · 3:04 am\\n\\nIf vinegar is proven to be the active ingredient in pickle juice that rapidly\\nrelieves muscle cramps, this discovery may unlock a biblical mystery. In the\\nbest eyewitness account of the crucifiction of Jesus Christ, John 19:28-30\\ndescribes Jesus receiving a drink of wine vinegar prior to death.\\n\\nNo prior discussion has made it clear why wine vinegar was placed at the\\ndisposal of crucified victims. Crucifiction was designed to cause prolonged,\\nmaximal torture. The suspended, spread-eagle body position with flexed knees\\nrequired active muscular contraction to produce each exhalation. In the\\nsetting of dehydration and muscular effort, muscle cramps would have been very\\ncommon and painful. Providing wine vinegar may have introduced a classic\\nCatch-22. relieving the immediate pain and disability produced by cramping\\nmuscles while allowing prolongation of the overall torture.\\n\\nIf other historical records can be found to document the use of wine vinegar\\nduring crucifiction, it may be useful to concentrate studies on vinegar\\nderived from wine as opposed to other sources. I look forward to feedback from\\nother readers and possible follow up stories.\\n\\nMOuser June 9, 2010 · 3:16 am\\n\\nFantastic. My crew coach used to tell us to use pickle juice for muscle\\ncramps. The old goat was right after all! He also advocated blackberry brandy\\nfor diarrhea. That might be easier to study on college students. Then again,\\nmaybe not.\\n\\nJuliette/Italy June 9, 2010 · 4:15 am\\n\\nFor about the past 20 years I’ve been suffering from cramps in the muscles\\nthat go from my right knee to my right hip. About once a year these cramps are\\nvery strong and last for some time, Practically every other day they last a\\nfew seconds, but recurr aabout every ten minutes and do not let me sleep.\\nMassaging helps but does not stop them completely. Could you give me the name\\nof books where I could read up on this?\\n\\nKind regards, Juliette Pallas\\n\\nsean June 9, 2010 · 4:20 am\\n\\nYeah but this isn’t news. As a very athletic kid growing up playing Pop Warner\\nand high school sports I often suffered ‘charlie horse’ cramps. Sometimes in\\nthe middle of the night while asleep. My mother while vigoriously massaging my\\nleg or thigh muscle gave me a jigger of vinegar (preferably, apple cider\\nvariety) and within minutes the cramps subsided. I’m now 55 yrs. old and I\\nthought everybody knew this.\\n\\nscott burns June 9, 2010 · 4:35 am\\n\\ni get leg cramps so bad it feels like the muscle is tearing off the bone\\nlasting 30 minutes. I found taking 4 advil will relieve cramp in a couple of\\nminutes every time. I carry it with me at all times\\n\\nmichael June 9, 2010 · 5:07 am\\n\\nInteresting. When I get a muscle cramp (usually gastrocnemius), if I punch it\\nwith my fist for 20-30 seconds, the cramp goes away.\\n\\nDr S June 9, 2010 · 5:20 am\\n\\nWhat does work is quinine, most easily available in tonic . This has been\\nknown for years. Why it is not used by athletes is beyond me\\n\\nBill W. June 9, 2010 · 5:42 am\\n\\nalso for joint pains (big toe, esp.) check out the effect of a tablespoon of\\nunfiltered apple cider vinegar–or eating an apple or two, skin on.\\n\\n(My theory as to why the “unfiltered” vinegar works (it contains “the mother”\\nor maybe “must” or just most of the skin, reduced to particulate size) because\\nit does contain (what’s left of) the skin.\\n\\ncheck around on the web for more info, but for me it worked w/in 5 hours of a\\nvery, very painful big-toe joint.\\n\\nGary Salem June 9, 2010 · 5:45 am\\n\\nthat would explain why yellow mustard has the same effect.\\n\\njohn June 9, 2010 · 6:00 am\\n\\nI think this could also be a placebo effect of some kind. The athletes can\\ntell the difference between pickle juice and water, or between vinegar and\\npickle juice.\\n\\ncAW June 9, 2010 · 6:27 am\\n\\nI was always told to drink quinine water (or better yet) a gin and tonic to\\nward off cramps. It seemed to work, even when it was all tonic and no gin....\\n\\njacqueline roberts June 9, 2010 · 6:35 am\\n\\nMy father used pickle juice to strengthen his hands.. When we got a cramp we\\nused Quinine water and that weorked!\\n\\nDavid Bourke June 9, 2010 · 6:37 am\\n\\nAfter a comminuted distal tibial/fibular fracture, I was plagued with severe\\ncalf cramps in the injured leg at night. The cast meant I couldn’t stretch to\\nrelieve them, I just had to suffer. Until my doctor recommended drinking 6-8\\nounces of tonic water that contained quinine nightly before bedtime.\\n\\nNo more cramps.\\n\\nJohnny Mace June 9, 2010 · 6:38 am\\n\\n“not as palatable as bananas...” I love pickles and pickle juice and now I\\nfinally have a reason to indulge my desire. Please write a followup about how\\nmaraschino cherry juice prevents alzheimer’s!\\n\\nLaurie Miller June 9, 2010 · 6:47 am\\n\\nAs a rugby player, for years I’ve stopped night-time cramping after games by\\ndrinking dilute apple cider. The academic world is just discovering this?\\n\\nAndy June 9, 2010 · 6:50 am\\n\\nYikes, now I have to take a jar of Vlasics with me when i pedal.\\n\\n## What's Next\\n\\nLoading...\\n\\n * Previous Post\\n\\nPushing Back at Cancer\\n\\n * Next Post\\n\\nHow Much Would You Spend on a Sick Pet?\\n\\n#### Ask Well\\n\\nYour health questions answered by Times journalists and experts.\\n\\nYour Questions | All »\\n\\n###### Ask Well\\n\\n##### Can You Safely Lose Weight While Breast-Feeding?\\n\\n###### The Checkup\\n\\n##### As Boys Get Fatter, Parents Worry One Body Part Is Too Small\\n\\n# Sign Up for the Running Email\\n\\nGet Well's Running email for practical tips, expert advice, exclusive content\\nand a bit of motivation delivered to your inbox every week to help you on your\\nrunning journey. Coming soon.\\n\\ncampaign: %%CAMP%% -- %%CAMP_UID%%, creative: %%ADID%% -- %%AD_UID%%, page:\\n%%PAGE%%, targetedPage: %%TARGETEDPAGE%%, position: %%POS%%\\n\\n#### Times Health\\n\\n * Most Viewed\\n * Most E-mailed\\n\\n * Which Type of Exercise Is Best for the Brain?\\n * Can You Read People’s Emotions?\\n * How Meditation May Change the Brain\\n * Ask The Health Benefits of Meditation\\n * Phys Ed: The Benefits of Exercising Before Breakfast\\n * Dog Needs a Walk? There’s an App for That\\n\\n#### Follow Well on\\n\\n * Twitter\\n * Facebook\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515201736/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Muscle cramps: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Muscle cramps are when a muscle gets tight (contracts) without you trying to tighten it, and it does not relax. Cramps may involve all or part of one or more muscles.\",\n \"Muscle cramps are common and may be stopped by stretching the muscle. The cramping muscle may feel hard or bulging.\",\n \"Muscle cramps are common and often occur when a muscle is overused or injured. Working out when you have not had enough fluids (dehydration) or when you have low levels of minerals such as potassium or calcium can also make you more likely to have a muscle spasm.\",\n \"If the muscle is still sore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines can help with pain. If the muscle cramps are severe, your health care provider can prescribe other medicines.\",\n \"The most common cause of muscle cramps during sports activity is not getting enough fluids. Often, drinking water will ease the cramping. However, water alone does not always help. Salt tablets or sports drinks, which also replenish lost minerals, can be helpful.\",\n \"Drink plenty of fluids while exercising and increase your potassium intake (orange juice and bananas are great sources of potassium).\",\n \"A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.\",\n \"The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2021, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Muscle cramps: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\\n\\nSkip navigation\\n\\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\\n\\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\\n\\n * Health Topics\\n * Drugs & Supplements\\n * Genetics\\n * Medical Tests\\n * Videos & Tools\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n * What's New\\n * Site Map\\n * Customer Support\\n\\n * Health Topics\\n * Drugs & Supplements\\n * Genetics\\n * Medical Tests\\n * Videos & Tools\\n\\nEspañol\\n\\nYou Are Here:\\n\\nHome →\\n\\nMedical Encyclopedia →\\n\\nMuscle cramps\\n\\nURL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm\\n\\n# Muscle cramps\\n\\nMuscle cramps are when a muscle gets tight (contracts) without you trying to\\ntighten it, and it does not relax. Cramps may involve all or part of one or\\nmore muscles.\\n\\nThe most commonly involved muscle groups are:\\n\\n * Back of the lower leg/calf\\n * Back of the thigh (hamstrings)\\n * Front of the thigh (quadriceps)\\n\\nCramps in the feet, hands, arms, abdomen, and along the rib cage are also very\\ncommon.\\n\\nMuscle cramps are common and may be stopped by stretching the muscle. The\\ncramping muscle may feel hard or bulging.\\n\\n## Considerations\\n\\nMuscle cramps are different than muscle twitches, which are covered in a\\nseparate article.\\n\\n## Causes\\n\\nMuscle cramps are common and often occur when a muscle is overused or injured.\\nWorking out when you have not had enough fluids (dehydration) or when you have\\nlow levels of minerals such as potassium or calcium can also make you more\\nlikely to have a muscle spasm.\\n\\nMuscle cramps can occur while you play tennis or golf, bowl, swim, or do any\\nother exercise.\\n\\nThey can also be triggered by:\\n\\n * Alcoholism\\n * Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)\\n * Kidney failure\\n * Medicines\\n * Menstruation\\n * Pregnancy\\n\\n## Home Care\\n\\nIf you have a muscle cramp, stop your activity and try stretching and\\nmassaging the muscle.\\n\\nHeat will relax the muscle when the spasm begins, but ice may be helpful when\\nthe pain has improved.\\n\\nIf the muscle is still sore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines can help\\nwith pain. If the muscle cramps are severe, your health care provider can\\nprescribe other medicines.\\n\\nThe most common cause of muscle cramps during sports activity is not getting\\nenough fluids. Often, drinking water will ease the cramping. However, water\\nalone does not always help. Salt tablets or sports drinks, which also\\nreplenish lost minerals, can be helpful.\\n\\nOther tips for relieving muscle cramps:\\n\\n * Change your workouts so that you are exercising within your ability.\\n * Drink plenty of fluids while exercising and increase your potassium intake (orange juice and bananas are great sources of potassium).\\n * Stretch to improve flexibility.\\n\\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\\n\\nCall your provider if your muscle cramps:\\n\\n * Are severe\\n * Do not go away with simple stretching\\n * Keep coming back\\n * Last a long time\\n\\n## What to Expect at Your Office Visit\\n\\nYour provider will examine you and ask questions about your symptoms and\\nmedical history, such as:\\n\\n * When did the spasms first begin?\\n * How long do they last?\\n * How often do you experience muscle spasms?\\n * What muscles are affected?\\n * Is the cramp always in the same location?\\n * Are you pregnant?\\n * Have you been vomiting, had diarrhea, excessive sweating, excessive urine volume, or any other possible cause of dehydration?\\n * What medicines do you take?\\n * Have you been exercising heavily?\\n * Have you been drinking alcohol heavily?\\n\\nBlood tests may be done to check for the following:\\n\\n * Calcium, potassium, or magnesium metabolism\\n * Kidney function\\n * Thyroid function\\n\\nPain medicines may be prescribed.\\n\\n## Alternative Names\\n\\nCramps - muscle\\n\\n## Images\\n\\n * Chest stretch\\n * Groin stretch\\n * Hamstring stretch\\n * Hip stretch\\n * Thigh stretch\\n * Triceps stretch\\n\\n## References\\n\\nGómez JE, Chorley JN, Martinie R. Environmental illness. In: Miller MD,\\nThompson SR. eds. DeLee, Drez, & Miller's Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 5th ed.\\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 21.\\n\\nWang LH, Lopate G, Pestronk A. Muscle pain and cramps. In: Daroff RB, Jankovic\\nJ, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice.\\n7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 28.\\n\\n## Review Date 8/13/2020\\n\\nUpdated by: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of\\nFamily Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington,\\nSeattle, WA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda\\nConaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\\n\\nMuscle CrampsRead more\\n\\nNIH MedlinePlus MagazineRead more\\n\\nHealth Topics A-ZRead more\\n\\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider\\n(www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify\\nthat A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability.\\nA.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online\\nhealth information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy\\neditorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of\\nHi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\\ninformation: verify here.\\n\\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2021, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\\n\\n * About MedlinePlus\\n * What's New\\n * Site Map\\n * Customer Support\\n\\n * Get updates\\n * Subscribe to RSS\\n * Follow us\\n * Social Media Toolkit\\n\\n * Disclaimers\\n * Copyright\\n * Privacy\\n * Accessibility\\n * Guidelines for Links\\n * Viewers & Players\\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\\n * For Developers\\n\\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\\n\\nPage last updated: 04 May 2021\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.prevention.com:80/fitness/fitness-tips/muscle-cramps\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170730073018/http://www.prevention.com:80/fitness/fitness-tips/muscle-cramps\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Muscle Cramps\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The information presented on this website is not intended as specific medical advice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment or diagnosis. Read our Medical Advice Notice.\",\n \"Copyright © 2017 Rodale Inc. \\\"Prevention\\\" and \\\"Prevention.com\\\" are registered trademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission or display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.\",\n \"Say you're playing tennis and doing pretty well. One minute you're fine, then suddenly, for no apparent reason, your calf muscle knots up and you can't move.\",\n \"What's happened is that your muscle has tightened and shortened, causing sudden, severe pain, explains Debra Zillmer, MD, orthopedic surgeon and medical director of the Gundersen Lutheran Sports Medicine Clinic in La Crosse, WI. In active, healthy people, muscle cramps generally result from overexertion and dehydration, like spending 3 hours playing tennis in hot, summer heat and forgetting to take sips from your water bottle.\",\n \"\\\"When you don't have enough fluid in your system, it leads to an electrolyte imbalance that causes your muscles to cramp up,\\\" says Dr. Zillmer.\",\n \"Electrolytes are chemicals in the body (sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium) that help the cells function normally. An imbalance occurs when we have too much or too little of one or more electrolytes in our system. The main electrolytes affecting muscle cramping are sodium, calcium, and potassium.\",\n \"Other cramps, not related to fluid intake, occur after inactivity such as sitting too long in one place without moving a muscle. Sometimes you even get a cramp when you're just lying in bed, though no one is sure why.[pagebreak]\",\n \"Though people most often get cramps in their calves, you can also get them in your thighs, feet, or just about any muscle. But doctors say that most cramps can be eased by a few simple measures.\",\n \"Massage gently. To relax the tightened area, Dr. Zillmer suggests gently massaging the spot that's cramped, whether it's a crick in your calf from overexercising or a spasm in your feet from wearing high heels all day.\",\n \"For calf cramps, do a wall stretch. Stand about 3 feet away from the wall, with your knees straight and your heels on the floor. Lean into the wall, supporting yourself with your hands. You will feel the stretch of your calf muscles. Hold for 60 seconds, and repeat three times, says Dr. Zillmer.\",\n \"Drink fluids. \\\"If you get muscle cramps after golf or other forms of exertion, drink water or a sports drink or juice to rehydrate and restore your electrolyte balance,\\\" says Dr. Zillmer. Most of the time, water will be sufficient to rehydrate you. The exception is if you have spent several hours exercising in extreme heat. You are then better off choosing a sports drink containing electrolytes. Focus on calcium, potassium, and general hydration.\",\n \"Get some calcium and potassium. The electrolyte imbalance that causes muscle cramps can also be caused by deficiencies of calcium and potassium in the diet, says Margot Putukian, MD, team physician at Pennsylvania State University and assistant professor of orthopedic surgery and internal medicine at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey. To beef up your calcium levels, she suggests low-fat dairy products such as yogurt and skim milk. For potassium, focus on sweet potatoes, turkey, bananas, and orange juice.\",\n \"Undo a cramp with ice. \\\"Ice is both a pain reliever and an anti-inflammatory,\\\" says Judith C. Stern, a physical therapist in private practice in Westchester, NY. Stern suggests you keep a paper cup of ice in the freezer for just such emergencies, then massage the area on and around your cramp as needed. \\\"Tear down the edge of the cup and, holding the paper end, rub the ice over the cramped muscle. This way, it won't be too cold to hold,\\\" says Stern.\",\n \"Massage the area with ice for no more than 10 minutes, or until the area is bright red, which indicates that blood cells have returned to heat the cramped muscle. You can also use an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables.\",\n \"Heat is another option. Heat improves superficial blood circulation and makes muscles more flexible, so some people find that heat is more soothing for muscle cramps than ice, says Stern. Try a heating pad for 20 minutes at a time or even a warm shower or bath. Massage the muscle with your hands following ice or heat.\",\n \"Move around. \\\"Inactivity also is a cause of cramps,\\\" says Valery Lanyi, MD, physiatrist at Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University Medical Center in New York City. If you've been on the road for an hour, get out and walk around for 5 minutes.[pagebreak]\",\n \"Muscle cramps usually go away on their own, even if you do nothing, says Dr. Putukian. But if you're drinking plenty of fluids and eating a balanced diet and keep getting cramps, see your doctor. Frequent, intense muscle cramping may be a sign of a more serious condition, such as a blood clot or an electrolyte problem.\",\n \"We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Muscle Cramps | Prevention\\n\\nJump to navigation\\n\\n * Sign in\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Shop\\n * Health\\n * Weight Loss\\n * Fitness\\n * Eat Clean\\n * Sex\\n * Mind-Body\\n * Food\\n * Beauty\\n * Recipes\\n * Video\\n * Free Newsletter\\n * Instant Calm\\n * Cancer\\n\\n * Retailer Program\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Prevention Books\\n * Customer Service\\n * Manage Email Preferences\\n * Advertising Inquiries\\n * License Award Logos\\n * Rodale Inc. Brands\\n * Copyright Notice\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Amazon Affiliate\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\nThe information presented on this website is not intended as specific medical\\nadvice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment or\\ndiagnosis. Read our Medical Advice Notice.\\n\\nCopyright © 2017 Rodale Inc. \\\"Prevention\\\" and \\\"Prevention.com\\\" are registered\\ntrademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission\\nor display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.\\n\\nPrivacy Policy. About Us.\\n\\n * Health\\n * 4 Weeks to Fit\\n * Premium\\n * Subscribe\\n\\nFitness Tips for Success\\n\\n# Muscle Cramps\\n\\nNovember 3, 2011\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n\\nX Close\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n\\nX Close\\n\\n#### Description & Prevention\\n\\nSay you're playing tennis and doing pretty well. One minute you're fine, then\\nsuddenly, for no apparent reason, your calf muscle knots up and you can't\\nmove.\\n\\nWhat's happened is that your muscle has tightened and shortened, causing\\nsudden, severe pain, explains Debra Zillmer, MD, orthopedic surgeon and\\nmedical director of the Gundersen Lutheran Sports Medicine Clinic in La\\nCrosse, WI. In active, healthy people, muscle cramps generally result from\\noverexertion and dehydration, like spending 3 hours playing tennis in hot,\\nsummer heat and forgetting to take sips from your water bottle.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nLet's Stay In Touch\\n\\nYou may unsubscribe at any time.\\n\\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\\n\\n\\\"When you don't have enough fluid in your system, it leads to an electrolyte\\nimbalance that causes your muscles to cramp up,\\\" says Dr. Zillmer.\\n\\nElectrolytes are chemicals in the body (sodium, magnesium, calcium, and\\npotassium) that help the cells function normally. An imbalance occurs when we\\nhave too much or too little of one or more electrolytes in our system. The\\nmain electrolytes affecting muscle cramping are sodium, calcium, and\\npotassium.\\n\\nOther cramps, not related to fluid intake, occur after inactivity such as\\nsitting too long in one place without moving a muscle. Sometimes you even get\\na cramp when you're just lying in bed, though no one is sure why.[pagebreak]\\n\\n#### Treatment\\n\\nThough people most often get cramps in their calves, you can also get them in\\nyour thighs, feet, or just about any muscle. But doctors say that most cramps\\ncan be eased by a few simple measures.\\n\\nMassage gently. To relax the tightened area, Dr. Zillmer suggests gently\\nmassaging the spot that's cramped, whether it's a crick in your calf from\\noverexercising or a spasm in your feet from wearing high heels all day.\\n\\nS-t-r-e-t-c-h. \\\"Next, stretch the muscle out slowly and gently, as long as you\\ndon't feel pain,\\\" says Dr. Zillmer.\\n\\nFor calf cramps, do a wall stretch. Stand about 3 feet away from the wall,\\nwith your knees straight and your heels on the floor. Lean into the wall,\\nsupporting yourself with your hands. You will feel the stretch of your calf\\nmuscles. Hold for 60 seconds, and repeat three times, says Dr. Zillmer.\\n\\nDrink fluids. \\\"If you get muscle cramps after golf or other forms of exertion,\\ndrink water or a sports drink or juice to rehydrate and restore your\\nelectrolyte balance,\\\" says Dr. Zillmer. Most of the time, water will be\\nsufficient to rehydrate you. The exception is if you have spent several hours\\nexercising in extreme heat. You are then better off choosing a sports drink\\ncontaining electrolytes. Focus on calcium, potassium, and general hydration.\\n\\nGet some calcium and potassium. The electrolyte imbalance that causes muscle\\ncramps can also be caused by deficiencies of calcium and potassium in the\\ndiet, says Margot Putukian, MD, team physician at Pennsylvania State\\nUniversity and assistant professor of orthopedic surgery and internal medicine\\nat the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey. To beef up your calcium\\nlevels, she suggests low-fat dairy products such as yogurt and skim milk. For\\npotassium, focus on sweet potatoes, turkey, bananas, and orange juice.\\n\\nUndo a cramp with ice. \\\"Ice is both a pain reliever and an anti-inflammatory,\\\"\\nsays Judith C. Stern, a physical therapist in private practice in Westchester,\\nNY. Stern suggests you keep a paper cup of ice in the freezer for just such\\nemergencies, then massage the area on and around your cramp as needed. \\\"Tear\\ndown the edge of the cup and, holding the paper end, rub the ice over the\\ncramped muscle. This way, it won't be too cold to hold,\\\" says Stern.\\n\\nMassage the area with ice for no more than 10 minutes, or until the area is\\nbright red, which indicates that blood cells have returned to heat the cramped\\nmuscle. You can also use an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables.\\n\\nHeat is another option. Heat improves superficial blood circulation and makes\\nmuscles more flexible, so some people find that heat is more soothing for\\nmuscle cramps than ice, says Stern. Try a heating pad for 20 minutes at a time\\nor even a warm shower or bath. Massage the muscle with your hands following\\nice or heat.\\n\\nMove around. \\\"Inactivity also is a cause of cramps,\\\" says Valery Lanyi, MD,\\nphysiatrist at Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York\\nUniversity Medical Center in New York City. If you've been on the road for an\\nhour, get out and walk around for 5 minutes.[pagebreak]\\n\\n#### When to See a Doctor\\n\\nMuscle cramps usually go away on their own, even if you do nothing, says Dr.\\nPutukian. But if you're drinking plenty of fluids and eating a balanced diet\\nand keep getting cramps, see your doctor. Frequent, intense muscle cramping\\nmay be a sign of a more serious condition, such as a blood clot or an\\nelectrolyte problem.\\n\\nTags: Tips for Success\\n\\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\\n\\nCopyright © 2017 Rodale Inc.\\n\\nSubscribe Now\\n\\nAlready a print subscriber? 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Your existing\\npassword has not been changed.\\n\\nClose\\n\\nMy Profile\\n\\n{* photoManager *}\\n\\nLinked Accounts\\n\\n{* linkedAccounts *} {* #linkAccountContainer *}\\n\\nLink your accounts\\n\\nAllows you to sign in to your account using that provider in the future.\\n\\n{* loginWidget *}\\n\\n{* /linkAccountContainer *}\\n\\nPassword\\n\\nChange Password\\n\\nDeactivate Account\\n\\nDeactivate Account\\n\\n{* #editProfileForm *} {* firstName *} {* lastName *} {* gender *} {*\\nbirthdate *} {* displayName *} {* emailAddress *} {* resendLink *} {* phone *}\\n{* addressStreetAddress1 *} {* addressStreetAddress2 *} {* addressCity *} {*\\naddressPostalCode *} {* addressState *} {* addressCountry *}\\n\\n{* savedProfileMessage *}\\n\\n{* /editProfileForm *}\\n\\nChange password\\n\\n{* #changePasswordForm *} {* currentPassword *} {* newPassword *} {*\\nnewPasswordConfirm *}\\n\\n{* /changePasswordForm *}\\n\\nDeactivate your Account\\n\\nAre you sure you want to deactivate your account? You will no longer have\\naccess to your profile.\\n\\n{* deactivateAccountForm *}\\n\\nNo\\n\\n{* /deactivateAccountForm *}\\n\\nAlmost Done!\\n\\nPlease provide the information below before signing in.\\n\\n{* #requiredFieldsForm *} {* displayName *}\\n\\n{* backButton *}\\n\\n{* /requiredFieldsForm *}\\n\\nPREV NEXT\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171019234748/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00200\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Muscle Cramps -OrthoInfo\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A muscle cramp is an involuntary contraction of a muscle that occurs suddenly and does not relax. If you have ever experienced a charley horse, you probably still remember the sudden, tight and intense pain caused by a muscle locked in spasm.\",\n \"Cramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle). They can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group.\",\n \"Although the exact cause of muscle cramps is unknown (idiopathic), some researchers believe inadequate stretching and muscle fatigue leads to abnormalities in the mechanisms that control muscle contraction. Other factors may also be involved, including poor conditioning, exercising or working in intense heat, dehydration and depletion of salt and minerals (electrolytes).\",\n \"Muscles are bundles of fibers that contract and expand to produce movement. A regular program of stretching lengthens muscle fibers so they can contract and tighten more vigorously when you exercise. When your body is poorly conditioned, you are more likely to experience muscle fatigue, which can alter spinal neural reflex activity. Overexertion depletes a muscle's oxygen supply, leading to build up of waste product and spasm. When a cramp begins, the spinal cord stimulates the muscle to keep contracting.\",\n \"Muscle cramps are more likely when you exercise in hot weather because sweat drains your body's fluids, salt and minerals (i.e., potassium, magnesium and calcium). Loss of these nutrients may also cause a muscle to spasm.\",\n \"Those at greatest risk for cramps and other ailments related to excess heat include infants and young children, and people over age 65. Other factors that put people at greater risk for muscle cramp include:\",\n \"Muscle cramps are very common among endurance athletes, such as marathon runners and triathletes, and older people who perform strenuous physical activities.\",\n \"Athletes are more likely to get cramps in the preseason when the body is not conditioned and therefore more subject to fatigue. Cramps often develop near the end of intense or prolonged exercise, or 4 to 6 hours later.\",\n \"Older people are more susceptible to muscle cramps due to normal muscle loss (atrophy) that begins in the mid-40s and accelerates with inactivity. As you age, your muscles cannot work as hard or as quickly as they used to. The body also loses some of its sense of thirst and its ability to sense and respond to changes in temperature.\",\n \"Muscle cramps range in intensity from a slight tic to agonizing pain. A cramping muscle may feel hard to the touch and/or appear visibly distorted or twitch beneath the skin. A cramp can last a few seconds to 15 minutes or longer. It might recur multiple times before it goes away.\",\n \"To avoid future cramps, work toward better overall fitness. Do regular flexibility exercises before and after you work out to stretch muscle groups most prone to cramping.\",\n \"Always warm up before stretching. Good examples of warm-up activities are slowly running in place or walking briskly for a few minutes.\",\n \"Lean forward against a wall with one leg in front of the other. Straighten your back leg and press your heel into the floor. Your front knee is bent. Hold for 15 to 30 seconds.\",\n \"Do: Keep both heels flat on the floor. Point the toes of your back foot toward the heel of your front foot.\",\n \"Sit up tall with both legs extended straight in front of you. Your feet are neutral — not pointed or flexed. Place your palms on the floor and slide your hands toward your ankles. Hold for 30 seconds.\",\n \"Do: Keep your chest open and back long. Reach from your hips. Stop sliding your palms forward when you feel the stretch.\",\n \"Hold on to a wall or the back of a chair for balance. Lift one foot and bring your heel up toward your buttocks. Grasp your ankle with your hand and pull your heel closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.\",\n \"See your doctor if cramps are severe, happen frequently, respond poorly to simple treatments, or are not related to obvious causes like strenuous exercise. You could have problems with circulation, nerves, metabolism, hormones, medications, or nutrition.\",\n \"Muscle cramps may be a part of many conditions that range from minor to severe, such as Lou Gehrig's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), spinal nerve irritation or compression (radiculopathy), hardening of the arteries, narrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis), thyroid disease, chronic infections, and cirrhosis of the liver.\",\n \"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\" program on this website.\",\n \"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Muscle Cramps -OrthoInfo - AAOS\\n\\nFind an Orthopaedist\\n\\nAAOS.org\\n\\nHome\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\nGlossary\\n\\nEspañol & Português\\n\\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\\n\\nFor Physicians\\n\\nParts of the Body\\n\\nShoulder & Elbow\\n\\nHand & Wrist\\n\\nHip & Thigh\\n\\nKnee & Lower Leg\\n\\nFoot & Ankle\\n\\nNeck & Back\\n\\nHealth Centers\\n\\nBroken Bones & Injuries\\n\\nDiseases & Conditions\\n\\nArthritis\\n\\nTumors\\n\\nSports Injuries & Prevention\\n\\nChildren\\n\\nBone Health\\n\\nHealth & Safety\\n\\nTreatment\\n\\nTreatments & Surgeries\\n\\nJoint Replacement\\n\\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\\n\\nYour Healthcare\\n\\nPatient Safety\\n\\nPatient Stories\\n\\nResources\\n\\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nMuscle Cramps\\n\\nA muscle cramp is an involuntary contraction of a muscle that occurs suddenly\\nand does not relax. If you have ever experienced a charley horse, you probably\\nstill remember the sudden, tight and intense pain caused by a muscle locked in\\nspasm.\\n\\nCramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle).\\nThey can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group.\\n\\nThe most commonly affected muscle groups are:\\n\\n * Back of lower leg/calf (gastrocnemius)\\n * Back of thigh (hamstrings)\\n * Front of thigh (quadriceps)\\n\\nCramps in the feet, hands, arms, abdomen, and along the rib cage are also very\\ncommon.\\n\\n©2010, Getty Images.\\n\\nCause\\n\\nAlthough the exact cause of muscle cramps is unknown (idiopathic), some\\nresearchers believe inadequate stretching and muscle fatigue leads to\\nabnormalities in the mechanisms that control muscle contraction. Other factors\\nmay also be involved, including poor conditioning, exercising or working in\\nintense heat, dehydration and depletion of salt and minerals (electrolytes).\\n\\n#### Inadequate Stretching and Muscle Fatigue\\n\\nMuscles are bundles of fibers that contract and expand to produce movement. A\\nregular program of stretching lengthens muscle fibers so they can contract and\\ntighten more vigorously when you exercise. When your body is poorly\\nconditioned, you are more likely to experience muscle fatigue, which can alter\\nspinal neural reflex activity. Overexertion depletes a muscle's oxygen supply,\\nleading to build up of waste product and spasm. When a cramp begins, the\\nspinal cord stimulates the muscle to keep contracting.\\n\\n#### Heat, Dehydration, and Electrolyte Depletion\\n\\nMuscle cramps are more likely when you exercise in hot weather because sweat\\ndrains your body's fluids, salt and minerals (i.e., potassium, magnesium and\\ncalcium). Loss of these nutrients may also cause a muscle to spasm.\\n\\n#### Risk Factors\\n\\nSome people are predisposed to muscle cramps and get them regularly with any\\nphysical exertion.\\n\\nThose at greatest risk for cramps and other ailments related to excess heat\\ninclude infants and young children, and people over age 65. Other factors that\\nput people at greater risk for muscle cramp include:\\n\\n * Being ill or overweight\\n * Overexerting during work or exercise\\n * Taking certain medications\\n\\nMuscle cramps are very common among endurance athletes, such as marathon\\nrunners and triathletes, and older people who perform strenuous physical\\nactivities.\\n\\n * Athletes are more likely to get cramps in the preseason when the body is not conditioned and therefore more subject to fatigue. Cramps often develop near the end of intense or prolonged exercise, or 4 to 6 hours later.\\n * Older people are more susceptible to muscle cramps due to normal muscle loss (atrophy) that begins in the mid-40s and accelerates with inactivity. As you age, your muscles cannot work as hard or as quickly as they used to. The body also loses some of its sense of thirst and its ability to sense and respond to changes in temperature.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nSymptoms\\n\\nMuscle cramps range in intensity from a slight tic to agonizing pain. A\\ncramping muscle may feel hard to the touch and/or appear visibly distorted or\\ntwitch beneath the skin. A cramp can last a few seconds to 15 minutes or\\nlonger. It might recur multiple times before it goes away.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nHome Remedies\\n\\nCramps usually go away on their own without seeing a doctor.\\n\\n * Stop doing whatever activity triggered the cramp.\\n * Gently stretch and massage the cramping muscle, holding it in stretched position until the cramp stops.\\n * Apply heat to tense/tight muscles, or cold to sore/tender muscles.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nPrevention\\n\\nTo avoid future cramps, work toward better overall fitness. Do regular\\nflexibility exercises before and after you work out to stretch muscle groups\\nmost prone to cramping.\\n\\n#### Warm Up\\n\\nAlways warm up before stretching. Good examples of warm-up activities are\\nslowly running in place or walking briskly for a few minutes.\\n\\n#### Calf Muscle Stretch\\n\\nYou should feel this stretch in your calf and down toward your heel.\\n\\nLean forward against a wall with one leg in front of the other. Straighten\\nyour back leg and press your heel into the floor. Your front knee is bent.\\nHold for 15 to 30 seconds.\\n\\nDo: Keep both heels flat on the floor. Point the toes of your back foot toward\\nthe heel of your front foot.\\n\\n#### Hamstring Muscle Stretch\\n\\nYou should feel this stretch at the back of your thighs and behind your knees.\\n\\nSit up tall with both legs extended straight in front of you. Your feet are\\nneutral — not pointed or flexed. Place your palms on the floor and slide your\\nhands toward your ankles. Hold for 30 seconds.\\n\\nDo: Keep your chest open and back long. Reach from your hips. Stop sliding\\nyour palms forward when you feel the stretch.\\n\\nDo not: Round your back or try to bring your nose to your knees. Do not lock\\nyour knees.\\n\\n#### Quadriceps Muscle Stretch\\n\\nYou should feel this stretch in the front of your thigh.\\n\\nHold on to a wall or the back of a chair for balance. Lift one foot and bring\\nyour heel up toward your buttocks. Grasp your ankle with your hand and pull\\nyour heel closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.\\n\\nDo: Keep your knees close together. Stop bringing your heel closer when you\\nfeel the stretch.\\n\\nDo not: Arch or twist your back.\\n\\nHold each stretch briefly, then release. Never stretch to the point of pain.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nWhen To See Your Doctor\\n\\nAlthough most muscle cramps are benign, sometimes they can indicate a serious\\nmedical condition.\\n\\nSee your doctor if cramps are severe, happen frequently, respond poorly to\\nsimple treatments, or are not related to obvious causes like strenuous\\nexercise. You could have problems with circulation, nerves, metabolism,\\nhormones, medications, or nutrition.\\n\\nMuscle cramps may be a part of many conditions that range from minor to\\nsevere, such as Lou Gehrig's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), spinal\\nnerve irritation or compression (radiculopathy), hardening of the arteries,\\nnarrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis), thyroid disease, chronic infections,\\nand cirrhosis of the liver.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\nLast reviewed: June 2017\\n\\nContributed and/or Updated by: Rick Wilkerson, DO\\n\\nPeer-Reviewed by: Stuart J. Fischer, MD\\n\\nContributor Disclosure Information\\n\\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \\\"Find an Orthopaedist\\\"\\nprogram on this website.\\n\\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\\n\\nRelated Articles\\n\\nFlexibility Exercises\\n\\nFlexibility Exercises (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00310)\\n\\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\\n\\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319)\\n\\nSafe Exercise\\n\\nSafe Exercise (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00418)\\n\\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nPrint Article\\n\\nRelated Articles\\n\\nFlexibility Exercises\\n\\nFlexibility Exercises (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00310)\\n\\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\\n\\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319)\\n\\nSafe Exercise\\n\\nSafe Exercise (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00418)\\n\\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \\n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \\n \\nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223334/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Self-management\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Muscle cramp - Self-management - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416170328/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=2\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Aerobic exercise: How to warm up and cool down\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Aerobic exercise: How to warm up and cool down - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":377,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1050509,"string":"1,050,509"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Understand Women"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"If you’re struggling to understand what a woman wants, try to get to know her as an individual and avoid making assumptions about her life. If she's single, don't assume she's lonely or is looking for a relationship. Instead, get to know her by asking questions about her thoughts and beliefs. For example, you might ask, “What do you think about this issue?” or “What do you like to do for fun?” Try to hang out with her in a group setting as well as one-on-one, so you can see what she's like in different situations. Show an interest in the things that are important to her, like watching a show she likes or talking about a book she enjoyed."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210203050521/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom","http://web.archive.org/web/20180408124317/https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211126113736/https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210418183107/https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210628170156/https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210416114715/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/","http://web.archive.org/web/20220107035831/https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition","http://web.archive.org/web/20210416181931/https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210203050521/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180408124317/https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211126113736/https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418183107/https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628170156/https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416114715/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20220107035831/https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416181931/https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1556,"string":"1,556"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210203050521/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom","parsed_text":{"title":"It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind singledom","passages":["It costs more to fly solo. That’s according to the Good Housekeeping Institute, which last week released a study claiming single life can cost people up to £2,000 a year more. Even as someone who’s spent a good chunk of time single, and felt the occasional sting of shelling out more for hotels, it was hard not to raise an eyebrow at the figures: the extra costs of luxury gym memberships and Med cruises feel very much like a first-world problem.","But part of me was still glad to see this undoubtedly superficial take. As a society, we barely discuss the realities and implications of singledom. In pop culture singledom is almost invariably represented as an easily fixed unhappy state, a step along the way to getting happily hitched. We know little about the long-term singles: how many relish their freedom and independence, and how many feel burdened with loneliness and hope to meet the love of their life? To what extent is singledom driving social infertility – not having children because you haven’t met Mr or Ms Right? And if so, what does it mean for an ageing society in which we expect family members to care for their older relatives?","The single stereotypes abound. For men, it’s the dysfunctional fortysomething still living with his parents. For women, the callous career woman – who could forget former Australian prime minister Julia Gillard being accused of being “deliberately barren”? Or the crazy cat lady living alone, slowly losing her mind. There’s shame and stigma attached to fessing up to being either happily or unhappily single: would I have written this column a couple of years ago when I was on my own?","Beyond the stereotypes come the pop dating theories. In Date-onomics, Jon Birger posits that a new gender imbalance is set to affect who we settle down with. Studies show that we are likely to couple up with people who broadly resemble ourselves in terms of class and education. But they also suggest men seem less keen to “marry up” and women to “marry down”. With female university graduates now outnumbering men in many countries – women in the UK are a third more likely to go to university than men -unless we see more of the “mixed- collar” partnerships Birger predicts will become more common, more blue-collar men and more female graduates may struggle to find romance. Cue an industry of self-help books and coaching for professional women in their early 30s struggling to meet Mr Right.”","Pop theories aside, there’s been remarkably little robust research on singledom and social infertility. (There are endless pieces on the theme, but few identify just how many people are unable to find partners.)","While the data may not be great, there are clues. For men, there’s a sharp socioeconomic gradient to being single. Men from disadvantaged backgrounds are twice as likely to live alone in their early 40s than those from rich families, which puts them at further financial disadvantage. Some of that is due to higher levels of relationship breakdown, but there is also a significant minority of men from disadvantaged backgrounds who find it difficult to meet a partner in the first place.","For women, the trend runs the other way. University-educated women born in 1970 were almost twice as likely as women with low levels of education to be childless at the age of 42. As women have become more educated, the proportion of women remaining childless has increased from one in 10 of those born in 1946 to just under one in five of those born in 1970. Cue the Daily Mail stereotypes of career-driven women too selfish and picky to settle down and have kids.","So far, so in line with the pop theories. But what’s surprising is that social infertility – not having children because of a failure to meet the right partner – appears to be almost as big a problem for educated men as it is women.","Similar proportions of male and female university graduates are childless at age 42 – around one in four; and similar proportions of those – around one in three – say it was because they hadn’t met the right person. (Incidentally, just 3% of childless female graduates said it was down to their career.) “I can’t help but wonder what it would be like if that little girl were my little girl.” Heartbreaking words you’d expect to hear from a woman desperate to be a mother? They’re in fact penned by a man who would have loved to have been a father but whose chance passed him by.","Love, family and relationships only feature in policy debates about how we live to the extent that they concern children’s lives. Our attitude has always been that – outside medical infertility – finding love and family life in the first place is an entirely private matter; and if you don’t, well, so what.","But social infertility exists, and we should be talking about it more, from whether there should be publicly funded fertility advice for women looking to conceive alone, to the realities of ageing without children, to whether we should be investing in research into how to extend women’s fertility spans in the first place. To do so, though, we need to be able to have healthy conversations about singledom that go beyond the painful, shaming stereotypes of the undateable, the unloveable and the “deliberately barren”.","• This article was amended on 12 September 2018. An earlier version misconstrued the views posited by Jon Birger’s in Dateonomics."]},"parsed_md":"It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind singledom\n| Dating | The Guardian\n\n * US edition\n * UK edition\n * Australian edition\n * International edition\n\nThe Guardian - Back to home\n\nSearch jobs\n\nSign inSearch\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Home & garden\n * Health & fitness\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\nOpinionDating\n\nThis article is more than 2 years old\n\n# It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind\nsingledom\n\nSonia Sodha\n\nThis article is more than 2 years old\n\nSingle life provides plenty of material for popular culture, but in truth we\nknow little about its complexities\n\nBridget Jones’s Diary centred on a single woman looking for love. Photograph:\nAllstar/Working Title\n\nBridget Jones’s Diary centred on a single woman looking for love. Photograph:\nAllstar/Working Title\n\nFirst published on Sat 8 Sep 2018 13.00 EDT\n\nIt costs more to fly solo. That’s according to the Good Housekeeping\nInstitute, which last week released a study claiming single life can cost\npeople up to £2,000 a year more. Even as someone who’s spent a good chunk of\ntime single, and felt the occasional sting of shelling out more for hotels, it\nwas hard not to raise an eyebrow at the figures: the extra costs of luxury gym\nmemberships and Med cruises feel very much like a first-world problem.\n\nBut part of me was still glad to see this undoubtedly superficial take. As a\nsociety, we barely discuss the realities and implications of singledom. In pop\nculture singledom is almost invariably represented as an easily fixed unhappy\nstate, a step along the way to getting happily hitched. We know little about\nthe long-term singles: how many relish their freedom and independence, and how\nmany feel burdened with loneliness and hope to meet the love of their life? To\nwhat extent is singledom driving social infertility – not having children\nbecause you haven’t met Mr or Ms Right? And if so, what does it mean for an\nageing society in which we expect family members to care for their older\nrelatives?\n\nThe hidden, horrifying costs of being single | Emily Hill\n\nRead more\n\nThe single stereotypes abound. For men, it’s the dysfunctional fortysomething\nstill living with his parents. For women, the callous career woman – who could\nforget former Australian prime minister Julia Gillard being accused of being\n“deliberately barren”? Or the crazy cat lady living alone, slowly losing her\nmind. There’s shame and stigma attached to fessing up to being either happily\nor unhappily single: would I have written this column a couple of years ago\nwhen I was on my own?\n\nBeyond the stereotypes come the pop dating theories. In Date-onomics, Jon\nBirger posits that a new gender imbalance is set to affect who we settle down\nwith. Studies show that we are likely to couple up with people who broadly\nresemble ourselves in terms of class and education. But they also suggest men\nseem less keen to “marry up” and women to “marry down”. With female university\ngraduates now outnumbering men in many countries – women in the UK are a third\nmore likely to go to university than men -unless we see more of the “mixed-\ncollar” partnerships Birger predicts will become more common, more blue-collar\nmen and more female graduates may struggle to find romance. Cue an industry of\nself-help books and coaching for professional women in their early 30s\nstruggling to meet Mr Right.”\n\n05:50\n\nSwipe my race: 'If you're only dating someone for their skin colour, you\nshould consider why'\n\nPop theories aside, there’s been remarkably little robust research on\nsingledom and social infertility. (There are endless pieces on the theme, but\nfew identify just how many people are unable to find partners.)\n\nWhile the data may not be great, there are clues. For men, there’s a sharp\nsocioeconomic gradient to being single. Men from disadvantaged backgrounds are\ntwice as likely to live alone in their early 40s than those from rich\nfamilies, which puts them at further financial disadvantage. Some of that is\ndue to higher levels of relationship breakdown, but there is also a\nsignificant minority of men from disadvantaged backgrounds who find it\ndifficult to meet a partner in the first place.\n\nFor women, the trend runs the other way. University-educated women born in\n1970 were almost twice as likely as women with low levels of education to be\nchildless at the age of 42. As women have become more educated, the proportion\nof women remaining childless has increased from one in 10 of those born in\n1946 to just under one in five of those born in 1970. Cue the Daily Mail\nstereotypes of career-driven women too selfish and picky to settle down and\nhave kids.\n\nSo far, so in line with the pop theories. But what’s surprising is that social\ninfertility – not having children because of a failure to meet the right\npartner – appears to be almost as big a problem for educated men as it is\nwomen.\n\nSimilar proportions of male and female university graduates are childless at\nage 42 – around one in four; and similar proportions of those – around one in\nthree – say it was because they hadn’t met the right person. (Incidentally,\njust 3% of childless female graduates said it was down to their career.) “I\ncan’t help but wonder what it would be like if that little girl were my little\ngirl.” Heartbreaking words you’d expect to hear from a woman desperate to be a\nmother? They’re in fact penned by a man who would have loved to have been a\nfather but whose chance passed him by.\n\nLove, family and relationships only feature in policy debates about how we\nlive to the extent that they concern children’s lives. Our attitude has always\nbeen that – outside medical infertility – finding love and family life in the\nfirst place is an entirely private matter; and if you don’t, well, so what.\n\nBut social infertility exists, and we should be talking about it more, from\nwhether there should be publicly funded fertility advice for women looking to\nconceive alone, to the realities of ageing without children, to whether we\nshould be investing in research into how to extend women’s fertility spans in\nthe first place. To do so, though, we need to be able to have healthy\nconversations about singledom that go beyond the painful, shaming stereotypes\nof the undateable, the unloveable and the “deliberately barren”.\n\n• This article was amended on 12 September 2018. An earlier version\nmisconstrued the views posited by Jon Birger’s in Dateonomics.\n\n• Sonia Sodha is an Observer columnist\n\nTopics\n\n * Dating\n * Opinion\n\n * Family\n * Fertility problems\n * Health\n * comment\n\n * Reuse this content\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Home & garden\n * Health & fitness\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\n * News\n * Opinion\n * Sport\n * Culture\n * Lifestyle\n\n * About us\n * Contact us\n * Complaints & corrections\n * SecureDrop\n * Work for us\n * Privacy policy\n * Cookie policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * Help\n\n * All topics\n * All writers\n * Digital newspaper archive\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Twitter\n * Newsletters\n\n * Advertise with us\n * Guardian Labs\n * Search jobs\n\nBack to top\n\n© 2021 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights\nreserved. (modern)\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180408124317/https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Understand Another Person: A User’s Guide","passages":["During conversation, you typically formulate a response while the other person is talking. This communication multitasking is helpful to keep a dialogue going.","As you know, the multitasking can also get in the way of true understanding, as you are likely to focus more on your response than on what the other is saying.","To understand someone more deeply, simply listen without worrying about how you are going to respond. Give them the stage. Take it in. This kind of listening is the key first step to understanding another person.","In NLP, second position is the perceptual position of the other person. As you listen, begin to imagine what it is like to be the other person. What is she feeling? What must it be like to be her? What is it like to approach life from her position, as you imagine it?","Second position is the source of empathy. The saying goes, “you can’t understand others until you have walked a mile in their shoes.”","Taking second position, based on your listening without preparing a response, gives you an idea of what it is like to be the other person – a huge step toward understanding.","After listening properly and putting yourself in second position, you can clarify and deepen your understanding by asking intentional questions.","To understand another’s internal experience, ask: What do you see in your mind’s eye? What are you feeling? What do you hear inside your mind?","To understand someone’s beliefs ask: Why? Why is this the case? Why did you do it? Why is that important to you?","The three steps to understanding another person can be recycled many times. Each time you cycle through them, your level of understanding will deepen.","You have the power to change someone’s life with these tools. Who in your life needs to be understood by you? We are all craving deeper understanding. Can you imagine the powerful gift you have to offer the people in your life by understanding them more fully?","Choose one person in your life and commit to understanding him or her more deeply. It will take your relationship to a whole new level.","Mike Bundrant is the author of Your Achilles Eel: Discover and Overcome the Hidden Cause of Negative Emotions, Bad Decisions and Self-Sabotage and co- founder at The iNLP Center which offers online certification in Neuro- Linguistic Programming and life coaching.","Last updated: 23 Jun 2013 Views expressed are those solely of the author, not of Psych Central, and have not been reviewed. Originally published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.","DNN: I’m such a slacker. One thing I notice is when I keep up to par on my cardiovascular activity and change...","Remo: We have to accept our fault and not to play the blame game in any relationship. That’s the key of best...","Eric: Hi Mike, thanks for the article. I am wondering what the difference between a HSP a person suffering for...","DNN: Narcissists always think they have their tracks covered when they do something. They think they got off the hook..."]},"parsed_md":"How to Understand Another Person: A User's Guide | NLP Discoveries\n\nNeed treatment? Find help or get online counseling right now!\n\nHome » Blogs » NLP Discoveries » How to Understand Another Person: A User’s\nGuide\n\n## NLP Discoveries\n\n * About the Blog\n * Archives\n\n# How to Understand Another Person: A User’s Guide\n\nBy Mike Bundrant ~ 2 min read\n\nUnderstanding others is basic to healthy relationships, yet misunderstanding\nand disconnection from others are the norm.\n\nWe need to learn how to understand another person, specifically.\n\nThis simple user’s guide has potential to transform your relationships if you\napply it.\n\nLearning how to understand people involves three simple steps. Here they are:\n\n### 1\\. Listen without preparing a response.\n\nUnderstanding people is different than making conversation.\n\nDuring conversation, you typically formulate a response while the other person\nis talking. This communication multitasking is helpful to keep a dialogue\ngoing.\n\nAs you know, the multitasking can also get in the way of true understanding,\nas you are likely to focus more on your response than on what the other is\nsaying.\n\nTo understand someone more deeply, simply listen without worrying about how\nyou are going to respond. Give them the stage. Take it in. This kind of\nlistening is the key first step to understanding another person.\n\n### 2\\. Put yourself in second position.\n\nIn NLP, second position is the perceptual position of the other person. As you\nlisten, begin to imagine what it is like to be the other person. What is she\nfeeling? What must it be like to be her? What is it like to approach life from\nher position, as you imagine it?\n\nSecond position is the source of empathy. The saying goes, “you can’t\nunderstand others until you have walked a mile in their shoes.”\n\nTaking second position, based on your listening without preparing a response,\ngives you an idea of what it is like to be the other person – a huge step\ntoward understanding.\n\n### 3\\. Ask intentional questions.\n\nAfter listening properly and putting yourself in second position, you can\nclarify and deepen your understanding by asking intentional questions.\n\nHere are some options for asking intentional questions:\n\nTo understand another’s internal experience, ask: What do you see in your\nmind’s eye? What are you feeling? What do you hear inside your mind?\n\nTo understand someone’s beliefs ask: Why? Why is this the case? Why did you do\nit? Why is that important to you?\n\nTo understand the details of someone’s context ask: Who? What? When? Where?\n\nMost of all, ask questions that come from genuine curiosity after listening\nand putting yourself in second position.\n\nCycle through this process until you understand.\n\nThe three steps to understanding another person can be recycled many times.\nEach time you cycle through them, your level of understanding will deepen.\n\n### A personal challenge for you.\n\nYou have the power to change someone’s life with these tools. Who in your life\nneeds to be understood by you? We are all craving deeper understanding. Can\nyou imagine the powerful gift you have to offer the people in your life by\nunderstanding them more fully?\n\nChoose one person in your life and commit to understanding him or her more\ndeeply. It will take your relationship to a whole new level.\n\nIf you like this article, then like my Facebook Page to keep up with all my\nwriting.\n\nPlease share with your friends:\n\n## About Mike Bundrant\n\nMike Bundrant is the author of Your Achilles Eel: Discover and Overcome the\nHidden Cause of Negative Emotions, Bad Decisions and Self-Sabotage and co-\nfounder at The iNLP Center which offers online certification in Neuro-\nLinguistic Programming and life coaching.\n\nView all posts by Mike Bundrant →\n\nOne comment:\n\nRelated Content from Our Sponsors\n\nAPA Reference Bundrant, M. (2013). How to Understand Another Person: A User’s\nGuide. Psych Central. Retrieved on April 8, 2018, from\nhttps://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/\n\n> Last updated: 23 Jun 2013 Views expressed are those solely of the author,\n> not of Psych Central, and have not been reviewed. Originally published on\n> PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.\n\n« Free PsychCentral Webinar: Cultivate Empowering Beliefs\n\nPsychCentral Free Webinar Recording for Cultivate Empowering Beliefs »\n\n##### Hot Topics Today\n\n1\n\n#### How To Tame Your Anxious Mind\n\n2\n\n#### 30 Relationship Destroyers\n\n3\n\n#### Introverts: We're NOT Just Broken Extroverts\n\n4\n\n#### Blood Test May Detect Very Early Alzheimer's\n\n5\n\n#### How to Recover from a Narcissistic Relationship\n\n##### Subscribe to This Blog\n\nVia RSS feed:\n\n##### Most Popular Posts\n\n * Three Ways to Deal with Unfair Relationships\n * Physical Activities That Boost Self-Esteem, According to Research\n * Happiness is a State of Mind: Here's How to Get There\n * Three Communication Exercises for Couples Who Want to Improve Their Relationship Quickly\n * Five Signs You're Living a Mediocre Life\n\n##### Recent Comments\n\n * DNN: I’m such a slacker. One thing I notice is when I keep up to par on my cardiovascular activity and change...\n * Remo: We have to accept our fault and not to play the blame game in any relationship. That’s the key of best...\n * Olive: Heroine addicted?\n * Eric: Hi Mike, thanks for the article. I am wondering what the difference between a HSP a person suffering for...\n * DNN: Narcissists always think they have their tracks covered when they do something. They think they got off the hook...\n\nHome About Us Ad Choices Advertise with Us Contact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Use Disclaimer/Disclosure Feeds\n\nCrisis Helplines\n\nADHD Anxiety Bipolar Depression Schizophrenia Psychotherapy\n\nPsych Central Professional Psych Central Blogs Psych Central News\nPsychological Tests & Quizzes Sanity Score Forums • NeuroTalk\n\nCopyright © 1995-2018 Psych Central Site last updated: 08 Apr 2018 Handcrafted\nwith pride in historic Massachusetts.\n\nPsych Central does not provide medical, mental illness, or psychological\nadvice, diagnosis or treatment. Learn more.\n\n128\n\nmbundrant\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211126113736/https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Understanding Other People (for Teens)","passages":["Imagine yourself in this situation: A friend asks you to a party. You learn that all the girls in your group were invited — except for Paula. How do you think Paula will feel if she finds out?","You probably came up with your answer by putting yourself in Paula's shoes and imagining how you'd feel. Most people in this situation will feel some or all of emotions A through D: angry, sad, hurt, and excluded. It's not as likely that someone who is left out will feel confused, nervous, embarrassed, or indifferent.","Being able to predict how other people might feel is a part of emotional intelligence (EQ for short). It's a skill we can all develop with practice.","When we understand how other people are likely to feel, it can guide our interactions with them. For example, in the party example above, what if Paula asks: \"Are you going to Regan's party?\" Knowing that she wasn't invited probably influences how you respond. You might say (or avoid saying!) any of the following:","A. \"Yes, I'm going — are you?\" B. \"Yes, I'm going. I feel awkward telling you. Is it true she didn't invite you?\" C. \"Yes, everyone's going!\" D. \"Of course I'm going! It's going to be the best party of the whole year!\" E. \"Yes. I'm sorry you weren't invited. I don't think Regan meant to hurt your feelings, I heard her parents only allowed her to ask a few people.\"","If you didn't know Paula wasn't invited, you might answer with A, C, or D. Because you know the full story, though, you're more likely to consider Paula's feelings and answer with B or E. Answers C and D are the kinds of things you say when you know for sure the other person has been invited.","Sometimes you get more information about a situation from what a person doesn't say: Part of emotional intelligence is reading the signals people send and taking them into account.","Let's say Paula approaches you, looking upset. She asks: \"Are you going to Regan's party on Saturday?\" Her emotional signals (body language, facial expression) clue you in that Paula knows she wasn't invited. In that situation, you might still answer with option A, but you'd probably be more likely to choose B or E.","But what if Paula approaches you looking cheerful and says: \"Hey, I heard Regan is having a party this weekend. Are you going?\" Based on her body language, you might conclude, \"Oh, she doesn't know and she's expecting an invite.\"","If you have good EQ, you probably feel conflicted about telling Paula you're going to the party when you know she's the only one who's not invited. Even though it's up to Paula to manage her own emotions, you probably feel empathy for her. You know that how you respond can help her feel supported or make her feel worse, so you choose your words accordingly.","The skill of understanding others helps us predict what people might feel in a certain situation, but it also allows us to make sense of how people react.","In homeroom at 8 a.m., your friend is smiling, friendly, and full of energy. Later that afternoon, he looks upset, almost like he might cry. Which explanation is your best guess for what might have happened between these two times?","A. He had a fight with his girlfriend at lunch, and now they're not talking. B. He passed the 4th period algebra exam. C. He just found out he didn't make the final cut for varsity basketball. D. The chemistry teacher assigned a lot of homework. E. He probably just had a bad day.","You likely ruled out option B instantly: Emotional intelligence tells you that your friend's reaction looks more like failing an exam than passing. If your friend had a bad day or a lot of homework (options D or E), he might seem stressed out, tired, or worn down — but he probably wouldn't be on the verge of tears. Ruling out those options lets you zero in on what's most likely to be upsetting your friend: options A or C.","People who are skilled at understanding others imagine another person's feelings (\"I think he'll feel awful if I say that to him\"). They are able to relate to how that person reacts to things (\"Oh, I completely get why she got angry like that. No wonder!\"). Understanding how others feel, act, and react helps us build better relationships.","It's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some people are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with practice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.","If you see someone trip and fall, you probably wince — ouch! — as if it happened to you. We have a natural tendency to sense what other people feel just by watching them. Scientists think there's a biological reason for this. They believe that brain cells called \"mirror neurons\" activate in the same way whether we do something ourselves or watch another person do it.","Look at people's expressions and body language. Next time you're at the mall, in the coffee shop, or on the subway or bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident — or stressed? What about the guy with his eyes closed? Is he feeling peaceful? Tired? Upset?","Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.","People who are good at understanding others are usually good listeners. Research shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person feels with the person who is talking. This produces a feeling of bonding and closeness.","Most of us rate ourselves as good listeners — after all, listening seems like such a simple, basic thing to do. But often we're so busy thinking of what we want to say that we don't listen as much as we'd like. Here are some ways to build good listening skills:","Practice listening well in everyday conversations. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying. Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.","Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience, like: \"Oh, that must have felt amazing!\" or, \"That must be upsetting for you.\" You'll probably notice that you feel closer, more \"in sync\" with the person. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.","Take time to listen to someone in depth. Interview a friend or family member about a special time in his or her life. For example, ask your parents about their wedding day or get your grandparents to tell you about having their first child. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.","After building your skills in understanding others, how do you use that knowledge? If you're like most people, you use it to help and support the people you care about. This is compassion, and compassion helps us form relationships. Try these three ways to be more compassionate:","Ask others what they need. If a friend is going through a difficult time, ask what you can do to help. If your friend says, \"I don't know,\" think about what you'd want in the same situation, then offer to do something similar.","Show a sincere interest in others. Be curious about the people you know — not in a nosy or fake way, but in a way that shows you want to understand them a little better. For example, ask about the kinds of things they like to do, or about their feelings, ideas, and opinions.","Act with kindness. When you hear gossip, ridicule, or unkind teasing, make it your first reaction to imagine how it would feel to be on the receiving end. That can help you tune in to other people's feelings and refuse to join in.","Even small acts of compassion can build positive social connections (try saying \"hi\" to someone who is sitting alone at lunch and see how it makes you feel). Scientists now know that strong social connections influence our health, happiness, and even how long we live.","Note: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor."]},"parsed_md":"Understanding Other People (for Teens) - Nemours KidsHealth\n\n[Skip to Content]\n\nFind care at Nemours Children's HealthDoctorsLocations\n\n# Understanding Other People\n\nReviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD\n\n * Listen\n\nmp3\n\n * Print\n\nen español Comprender a los demás\n\n### Predicting Feelings\n\nImagine yourself in this situation: A friend asks you to a party. You learn\nthat all the girls in your group were invited — except for Paula. How do you\nthink Paula will feel if she finds out?\n\nA. angry B. sad C. hurt D. excluded E. confused F. nervous G. embarrassed H.\nindifferent\n\nYou probably came up with your answer by putting yourself in Paula's shoes and\nimagining how you'd feel. Most people in this situation will feel some or all\nof emotions A through D: angry, sad, hurt, and excluded. It's not as likely\nthat someone who is left out will feel confused, nervous, embarrassed, or\nindifferent.\n\nBeing able to predict how other people might feel is a part of emotional\nintelligence (EQ for short). It's a skill we can all develop with practice.\n\nWhen we understand how other people are likely to feel, it can guide our\ninteractions with them. For example, in the party example above, what if Paula\nasks: \"Are you going to Regan's party?\" Knowing that she wasn't invited\nprobably influences how you respond. You might say (or avoid saying!) any of\nthe following:\n\nA. \"Yes, I'm going — are you?\" B. \"Yes, I'm going. I feel awkward telling you.\nIs it true she didn't invite you?\" C. \"Yes, everyone's going!\" D. \"Of course\nI'm going! It's going to be the best party of the whole year!\" E. \"Yes. I'm\nsorry you weren't invited. I don't think Regan meant to hurt your feelings, I\nheard her parents only allowed her to ask a few people.\"\n\nIf you didn't know Paula wasn't invited, you might answer with A, C, or D.\nBecause you know the full story, though, you're more likely to consider\nPaula's feelings and answer with B or E. Answers C and D are the kinds of\nthings you say when you know for sure the other person has been invited.\n\n###### p\n\n### Reading Body Language\n\nSometimes you get more information about a situation from what a person\ndoesn't say: Part of emotional intelligence is reading the signals people send\nand taking them into account.\n\nLet's say Paula approaches you, looking upset. She asks: \"Are you going to\nRegan's party on Saturday?\" Her emotional signals (body language, facial\nexpression) clue you in that Paula knows she wasn't invited. In that\nsituation, you might still answer with option A, but you'd probably be more\nlikely to choose B or E.\n\nBut what if Paula approaches you looking cheerful and says: \"Hey, I heard\nRegan is having a party this weekend. Are you going?\" Based on her body\nlanguage, you might conclude, \"Oh, she doesn't know and she's expecting an\ninvite.\"\n\nIf you have good EQ, you probably feel conflicted about telling Paula you're\ngoing to the party when you know she's the only one who's not invited. Even\nthough it's up to Paula to manage her own emotions, you probably feel empathy\nfor her. You know that how you respond can help her feel supported or make her\nfeel worse, so you choose your words accordingly.\n\n### Making Sense of Reactions\n\nThe skill of understanding others helps us predict what people might feel in a\ncertain situation, but it also allows us to make sense of how people react.\n\nFor example:\n\nIn homeroom at 8 a.m., your friend is smiling, friendly, and full of energy.\nLater that afternoon, he looks upset, almost like he might cry. Which\nexplanation is your best guess for what might have happened between these two\ntimes?\n\nA. He had a fight with his girlfriend at lunch, and now they're not talking.\nB. He passed the 4th period algebra exam. C. He just found out he didn't make\nthe final cut for varsity basketball. D. The chemistry teacher assigned a lot\nof homework. E. He probably just had a bad day.\n\nYou likely ruled out option B instantly: Emotional intelligence tells you that\nyour friend's reaction looks more like failing an exam than passing. If your\nfriend had a bad day or a lot of homework (options D or E), he might seem\nstressed out, tired, or worn down — but he probably wouldn't be on the verge\nof tears. Ruling out those options lets you zero in on what's most likely to\nbe upsetting your friend: options A or C.\n\nPeople who are skilled at understanding others imagine another person's\nfeelings (\"I think he'll feel awful if I say that to him\"). They are able to\nrelate to how that person reacts to things (\"Oh, I completely get why she got\nangry like that. No wonder!\"). Understanding how others feel, act, and react\nhelps us build better relationships.\n\n###### P\n\n### How to Build This Skill\n\nIt's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some\npeople are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with\npractice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.\n\n#### It Starts With Watching\n\nIf you see someone trip and fall, you probably wince — ouch! — as if it\nhappened to you. We have a natural tendency to sense what other people feel\njust by watching them. Scientists think there's a biological reason for this.\nThey believe that brain cells called \"mirror neurons\" activate in the same way\nwhether we do something ourselves or watch another person do it.\n\nTry these ways to develop your observation skills:\n\n * Look at people's expressions and body language. Next time you're at the mall, in the coffee shop, or on the subway or bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident — or stressed? What about the guy with his eyes closed? Is he feeling peaceful? Tired? Upset?\n * Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.\n\n#### It Improves With Listening\n\nPeople who are good at understanding others are usually good listeners.\nResearch shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person\nfeels with the person who is talking. This produces a feeling of bonding and\ncloseness.\n\nMost of us rate ourselves as good listeners — after all, listening seems like\nsuch a simple, basic thing to do. But often we're so busy thinking of what we\nwant to say that we don't listen as much as we'd like. Here are some ways to\nbuild good listening skills:\n\n * Practice listening well in everyday conversations. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying. Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.\n * Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience, like: \"Oh, that must have felt amazing!\" or, \"That must be upsetting for you.\" You'll probably notice that you feel closer, more \"in sync\" with the person. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.\n * Take time to listen to someone in depth. Interview a friend or family member about a special time in his or her life. For example, ask your parents about their wedding day or get your grandparents to tell you about having their first child. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.\n\n###### p\n\n### Turning Understanding Into Compassion\n\nAfter building your skills in understanding others, how do you use that\nknowledge? If you're like most people, you use it to help and support the\npeople you care about. This is compassion, and compassion helps us form\nrelationships. Try these three ways to be more compassionate:\n\n 1. Ask others what they need. If a friend is going through a difficult time, ask what you can do to help. If your friend says, \"I don't know,\" think about what you'd want in the same situation, then offer to do something similar.\n 2. Show a sincere interest in others. Be curious about the people you know — not in a nosy or fake way, but in a way that shows you want to understand them a little better. For example, ask about the kinds of things they like to do, or about their feelings, ideas, and opinions.\n 3. Act with kindness. When you hear gossip, ridicule, or unkind teasing, make it your first reaction to imagine how it would feel to be on the receiving end. That can help you tune in to other people's feelings and refuse to join in.\n\nEven small acts of compassion can build positive social connections (try\nsaying \"hi\" to someone who is sitting alone at lunch and see how it makes you\nfeel). Scientists now know that strong social connections influence our\nhealth, happiness, and even how long we live.\n\nReviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD\n\n## More on this topic for:\n\n * Talking to Your Parents or Other Adults\n * I Hurt My Friends' Feelings. What Should I Do?\n * Am I in a Healthy Relationship?\n * Understanding Your Emotions\n * Emotional Intelligence\n\n/content/kidshealth/misc/medicalcodes/teens/articles/understanding-others\n\nNote: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For\nspecific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.\n\n© 1995-2021 The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.\n\nImages provided by The Nemours Foundation, iStock, Getty Images, Veer,\nShutterstock, and Clipart.com.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418183107/https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/","parsed_text":{"title":"Mindfulness and Meditation Can Make You a Nicer Person, Study Says","passages":["Mindfulness — the practice of staying attuned to what’s happening in the present moment — is a bonafide health trend right now, and for good reason. Research suggests it can reduce stress, help with problem drinking, lower blood sugar levels and help people succeed at work. Now, according to a new study, it may even help you become a nicer person.","The research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that mindfulness training inspired people to be kinder and more empathetic to a stranger who had been ostracized during a simulated online scenario.","“When people witness someone being victimized, it’s really common for us to get distressed by it,” says study author Daniel Berry, an assistant professor of psychology at California State University San Marcos. But that distress doesn’t always translate into empathy. “Sometimes that upset is displaced so that we’re not feeling upset for the other person; we’re just feeling negatively,” Berry explains. “When that happens, people actually tend to turn away from the person in need.”","In the study, “the folks who received mindfulness instruction seem to be better at regulating their emotions...allowing them to be present for the strangers they were witnessing being victimized.”","For your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered. Click the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our newsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check your spam folder.","The study consisted of four experiments, each with roughly 100-150 people enrolled. In most experiments, about half of the group was led through an audio-recorded guided meditation meant to help them stay present, while the others either received no training or an attention-focused audio training. Next, people played a computer game in which four characters, including one controlled by the person in the study, tossed balls back and forth. Study participants were told that each character was controlled by a person — but in reality, all of the other characters were automated.","In the first phase of the game, the computer was programmed to exclude one player after they received two tosses, leaving them to stand by and watch as the others played out the rest of the round. The goal of the study, Berry explains, was to see how people responded to the exclusion of a stranger, and to determine whether mindfulness changed their reactions in any way.","The researchers observed marked increases in empathetic behavior among players who did mindfulness training before beginning the game, compared to people who did attention training or no training at all, Berry says. While everyone in the study was able to identify the ostracized character, players who had undergone mindfulness training showed more concern for that person and were more likely to compensate for their exclusion with extra tosses during the next round, or with kind words in a post-game follow-up email.","“All four studies seemed to converge to suggest that they felt concern for the person in need, rather than feeling outraged at the people who were perpetrating the victimization,” Berry says. “They weren’t feeling negatively for themselves. They were specifically concerned for the other person, and this was specific to the mindfulness condition.”","While the findings can’t be extrapolated beyond online scenarios, Berry says past research has shown that mindfulness can increase kindness during in- person interactions as well. Why the practice is so powerful isn’t totally clear, but Berry says it may have something to do with how it “starkly contrasts our everyday ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.”","“Most of the time, we operate on automatic pilot without much awareness of what we are doing, why we are doing it or how our thoughts, feelings and other external stimuli are influencing our behavior,” Berry says. “I think training in mindfulness can break us from this automatic way of thinking about others and widen our circles for whom we show kindness.”","© 2021 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy (Your California Privacy Rights) and Do Not Sell My Personal Information. TIME may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy Terms of Service apply."]},"parsed_md":"Mindfulness and Meditation Can Make You a Nicer Person, Study Says | Time\n\n# This One Thing Makes You a Nicer Person\n\nBethan Mooney for TIME\n\nBy Jamie Ducharme\n\nJanuary 11, 2018 8:00 AM EST\n\nMindfulness — the practice of staying attuned to what’s happening in the\npresent moment — is a bonafide health trend right now, and for good reason.\nResearch suggests it can reduce stress, help with problem drinking, lower\nblood sugar levels and help people succeed at work. Now, according to a new\nstudy, it may even help you become a nicer person.\n\nThe research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that\nmindfulness training inspired people to be kinder and more empathetic to a\nstranger who had been ostracized during a simulated online scenario.\n\n“When people witness someone being victimized, it’s really common for us to\nget distressed by it,” says study author Daniel Berry, an assistant professor\nof psychology at California State University San Marcos. But that distress\ndoesn’t always translate into empathy. “Sometimes that upset is displaced so\nthat we’re not feeling upset for the other person; we’re just feeling\nnegatively,” Berry explains. “When that happens, people actually tend to turn\naway from the person in need.”\n\nIn the study, “the folks who received mindfulness instruction seem to be\nbetter at regulating their emotions...allowing them to be present for the\nstrangers they were witnessing being victimized.”\n\n### Get our Health Newsletter. Sign up to receive the latest health and\nscience news, plus answers to wellness questions and expert tips.\n\n## Thank you!\n\nFor your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered.\nClick the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our\nnewsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check\nyour spam folder.\n\nThe study consisted of four experiments, each with roughly 100-150 people\nenrolled. In most experiments, about half of the group was led through an\naudio-recorded guided meditation meant to help them stay present, while the\nothers either received no training or an attention-focused audio training.\nNext, people played a computer game in which four characters, including one\ncontrolled by the person in the study, tossed balls back and forth. Study\nparticipants were told that each character was controlled by a person — but in\nreality, all of the other characters were automated.\n\nIn the first phase of the game, the computer was programmed to exclude one\nplayer after they received two tosses, leaving them to stand by and watch as\nthe others played out the rest of the round. The goal of the study, Berry\nexplains, was to see how people responded to the exclusion of a stranger, and\nto determine whether mindfulness changed their reactions in any way.\n\nThe researchers observed marked increases in empathetic behavior among players\nwho did mindfulness training before beginning the game, compared to people who\ndid attention training or no training at all, Berry says. While everyone in\nthe study was able to identify the ostracized character, players who had\nundergone mindfulness training showed more concern for that person and were\nmore likely to compensate for their exclusion with extra tosses during the\nnext round, or with kind words in a post-game follow-up email.\n\nMORE: How Meditation Helps You Handle Stress Better\n\n“All four studies seemed to converge to suggest that they felt concern for the\nperson in need, rather than feeling outraged at the people who were\nperpetrating the victimization,” Berry says. “They weren’t feeling negatively\nfor themselves. They were specifically concerned for the other person, and\nthis was specific to the mindfulness condition.”\n\nWhile the findings can’t be extrapolated beyond online scenarios, Berry says\npast research has shown that mindfulness can increase kindness during in-\nperson interactions as well. Why the practice is so powerful isn’t totally\nclear, but Berry says it may have something to do with how it “starkly\ncontrasts our everyday ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.”\n\n“Most of the time, we operate on automatic pilot without much awareness of\nwhat we are doing, why we are doing it or how our thoughts, feelings and other\nexternal stimuli are influencing our behavior,” Berry says. “I think training\nin mindfulness can break us from this automatic way of thinking about others\nand widen our circles for whom we show kindness.”\n\nSubscribe to TIME\n\nWrite to Jamie Ducharme at jamie.ducharme@time.com.\n\n### SHARE THIS STORY\n\n## Read More From TIME\n\n## Related Stories\n\nRead Next\n\nHow Companies Teach Their Employees First Aid for Mental Health\n\nNext Up: Editor's Pick\n\nWhat America's Richest Ski Town's Handling of COVID-19 Shows\n\nEDIT POST\n\nYou have reached your limit of 4 free articles.\n\nGet unlimited access to TIME.com. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nAlready a print subscriber? Go here to link your subscription.\n\nNeed help? Visit our Help Center.\n\nThank you for reading TIME. You have a limited number of free articles.\n\nYou have 3 free articles left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nYou have 2 free articles left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nYou have 1 free article left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nThis is your last free article. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nSubscribe Subscribe Now\n\n© 2021 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy (Your California Privacy\nRights) and Do Not Sell My Personal Information. TIME may receive compensation\nfor some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject\nto change without notice. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Service apply.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628170156/https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Stanford study: You'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a few things in common","passages":["Two experiments showed that having just a few things in common – like a favorite author or musician – was enough to make someone feel the stress and anxiety that a new acquaintance was suffering. The research shows how inclined people are to form close bonds.","When something is wrong with my baby Something is wrong with me. And if I know she's worried Then I would feel that same misery.","With those four lines and a soulful melody, the rhythm and blues duo Sam and Dave summed up on a 1967 album what social scientists have since proven in several controlled laboratory experiments: When the person we love hurts, we hurt too.","But how intense is our emotional – and physiological – connection to someone we've just met? Can a stranger's stress make us anxious? And can a new acquaintance really make our hearts go pitter-patter?","In a set of experiments, the researchers found that when two people share just a few things in common, one can take on the feelings and physical reactions of the other who has been placed in an uncomfortable situation.","\"When people have longstanding relationships, they have shared experiences and overlapping social networks,\" said Greg Walton, an assistant professor of psychology. \"But we found that even when you strip those things away and create a sense of social connection in a lab with a five-minute conversation, that's sufficient to build a relationship where you care about someone.\"","In the first experiment, 70 women filled out a questionnaire asking them to list their birthplace and a few of their favorite things – such as books, movies, musicians and travel destinations.","Each woman was later introduced to a confederate – a person working for the researchers but posing as a fellow test subject. In a brief conversation with the test subject, the confederate pretended to have a few things in common with some of the women but nothing in common with the others.","The women in the first group were made to feel like they just met someone who shared an interest in something rare or unusual, like an esoteric author or an underground rock band.","The confederate was told that her role in the study was to memorize and deliver a speech on neurophysiology to a panel of judges. As the participant watched, the confederate acted anxious and nervous, saying things like \"I'm really bad at giving speeches\" and asking if she would be evaluated on her performance.","\"We had the confederate act really freaked out,\" said David Cwir, a doctoral candidate at the University of Waterloo and lead author of the paper.","The test subjects who believed they had three things in common with the confederate and felt a sense of kinship with her reported a 28 percent increase in stress over the subjects who had no shared interests with the imposter.","\"The test subjects literally incorporated the feelings of the confederate into their own feelings,\" Cwir said. \"Just by finding out they shared a few things in common was enough to create this psychological and emotional merging.\"","The second experiment was staged in the same way, but included 45 men and women. Instead of having the confederate prepare a stressful speech, she ran in place for three minutes while the test subjects sat in a chair and watched.","After the exercise routine left the confederate sweaty and breathless, the participants had their own vital signs measured. Those who believed they had some interests in common with the confederate had more than a 5 percent increase in their heart rates. And their blood pressure went up almost 9 percent from the start of the study.","Heart rates hardly budged among those who felt no connection to the confederate, and their blood pressure rose only about 4 percent.","\"It is surprising that we found these reactions happening between strangers,\" said Priyanka Carr, a doctoral candidate at Stanford who conducted the second experiment. \"But it shows that we're built to connect with other people. Our selves are not isolated from everyone around us. We're meant to have relationships, to feel what our partners feel.\""]},"parsed_md":"Stanford study: You'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a few\nthings in common\n\nStanford Report, February 11, 2011\n\n# Cupid can help, but you'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a\nfew things in common, according to Stanford study\n\nTwo experiments showed that having just a few things in common – like a\nfavorite author or musician – was enough to make someone feel the stress and\nanxiety that a new acquaintance was suffering. The research shows how inclined\npeople are to form close bonds.\n\nBy Adam Gorlick\n\nL.A. Cicero\n\nAssistant Professor of Psychology Greg Walton\n\nWhen something is wrong with my baby Something is wrong with me. And if I know\nshe's worried Then I would feel that same misery.\n\nWith those four lines and a soulful melody, the rhythm and blues duo Sam and\nDave summed up on a 1967 album what social scientists have since proven in\nseveral controlled laboratory experiments: When the person we love hurts, we\nhurt too.\n\nBut how intense is our emotional – and physiological – connection to someone\nwe've just met? Can a stranger's stress make us anxious? And can a new\nacquaintance really make our hearts go pitter-patter?\n\nTurns out they can, say Stanford psychologists.\n\nIn a set of experiments, the researchers found that when two people share just\na few things in common, one can take on the feelings and physical reactions of\nthe other who has been placed in an uncomfortable situation.\n\nTheir findings are slated for publication in an upcoming edition of the\nJournal of Experimental Social Psychology.\n\n\"When people have longstanding relationships, they have shared experiences and\noverlapping social networks,\" said Greg Walton, an assistant professor of\npsychology. \"But we found that even when you strip those things away and\ncreate a sense of social connection in a lab with a five-minute conversation,\nthat's sufficient to build a relationship where you care about someone.\"\n\nIn the first experiment, 70 women filled out a questionnaire asking them to\nlist their birthplace and a few of their favorite things – such as books,\nmovies, musicians and travel destinations.\n\nEach woman was later introduced to a confederate – a person working for the\nresearchers but posing as a fellow test subject. In a brief conversation with\nthe test subject, the confederate pretended to have a few things in common\nwith some of the women but nothing in common with the others.\n\nThe women in the first group were made to feel like they just met someone who\nshared an interest in something rare or unusual, like an esoteric author or an\nunderground rock band.\n\nThe confederate was told that her role in the study was to memorize and\ndeliver a speech on neurophysiology to a panel of judges. As the participant\nwatched, the confederate acted anxious and nervous, saying things like \"I'm\nreally bad at giving speeches\" and asking if she would be evaluated on her\nperformance.\n\n\"We had the confederate act really freaked out,\" said David Cwir, a doctoral\ncandidate at the University of Waterloo and lead author of the paper.\n\nAt the same time, the test subjects answered questionnaires to gauge how\nstressed they felt at the moment.\n\nThe test subjects who believed they had three things in common with the\nconfederate and felt a sense of kinship with her reported a 28 percent\nincrease in stress over the subjects who had no shared interests with the\nimposter.\n\n\"The test subjects literally incorporated the feelings of the confederate into\ntheir own feelings,\" Cwir said. \"Just by finding out they shared a few things\nin common was enough to create this psychological and emotional merging.\"\n\nThe second experiment was staged in the same way, but included 45 men and\nwomen. Instead of having the confederate prepare a stressful speech, she ran\nin place for three minutes while the test subjects sat in a chair and watched.\n\nAfter the exercise routine left the confederate sweaty and breathless, the\nparticipants had their own vital signs measured. Those who believed they had\nsome interests in common with the confederate had more than a 5 percent\nincrease in their heart rates. And their blood pressure went up almost 9\npercent from the start of the study.\n\nHeart rates hardly budged among those who felt no connection to the\nconfederate, and their blood pressure rose only about 4 percent.\n\n\"It is surprising that we found these reactions happening between strangers,\"\nsaid Priyanka Carr, a doctoral candidate at Stanford who conducted the second\nexperiment. \"But it shows that we're built to connect with other people. Our\nselves are not isolated from everyone around us. We're meant to have\nrelationships, to feel what our partners feel.\"\n\n## Media Contact\n\nAdam Gorlick, Stanford News Service: (650) 725-0224, agorlick@stanford.edu\n\n## Related To This Story\n\n * Research paper\n * Greg Walton\n * Priyanka Carr\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416114715/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward","passages":["You’ve talked to a cute barista at your favorite coffee shop for months, but you only see her when she’s working.","A lot of men bemoan the less-than-robust nature of their romantic and social lives, but the truth is, they haven’t done much to change them. These men are reactive instead of proactive, hoping that someone else will make the first move instead. Yet other people are in the very same passive mindset. Thus, nobody gets together with anybody!","If you want to make progress in your social life, it’s up to you to break this stalemate by taking the initiative yourself. You do that by inviting people you want to get to know better to do things — to go on a date or hang out.","Of course, the reason the majority of people don’t take the initiative is that doing so is risky — you worry your invitations will come out weird and that your friendly entreaties will be rejected. Fortunately, it’s easy to make invitations in ways that significantly reduce any potential awkwardness, and greatly increase their chances of being accepted.","Keep a dual perspective. Don’t assume people share all your interests, and simply invite them to do something you think is fun. Instead, find out what activities they like, and invite them to do something you both enjoy. By maintaining this “dual perspective,” you’ll be more likely to get a yes.","Be specific and direct. How many times do you run into an acquaintance and the conversation ends with this exchange: “We should hang out sometime,” followed by their response, “Yeah definitely.” Of course, neither one of you sees the other until you randomly run into each other again, only to repeat your vague intentions of getting together “sometime.”","Instead of making hazy, indefinite invitations, be specific and direct. Ask someone if they want to do X activity, at X place, on X day, at X time. Ask a yes or no question, and get a yes or no answer.","“Many people (and I am one) feel embarrassed at responding, ‘No I’m not doing anything at all.’ And having said that, some feel resentful at being put into the position of having to either agree to the proposal, offer another, or say in effect that they’d rather do nothing than be with you.”","On the romantic front, instead of asking someone out to dinner, ask if she’ll join you for coffee. A coffee date is accordion-like in its structure: if it goes poorly, you can keep it short and depart after 20 minutes or so. If it goes very well, you can expand it further and ask if she’d like to go do something else. “What’s the rest of your morning look like? Do you want to go check out the farmer’s market?”","Sound casual. The tone of your invitation will influence its recipient’s response. The sound of anxiety and desperation reads as low status; it sends a visceral signal that you’re going to be a negative burden in their life rather than a positive asset.","[Said with worried expression and serious tone] “I really enjoyed meeting you. It’s been so hard to make friends here. I’m sure you’re busy, but, um . . . I was just wondering if you’d like to, um, go cycling sometime? I really feel like we could be good friends.”","[Said with smile and casual tone] “It was great talking to you tonight. You mentioned wanting to cycle the Evergreen Trail sometime. Do you want to meet up Saturday morning to ride it together?”","Don’t imbue your invitations with heavy, life or death stakes. Keep ’em light, casual, and confident. Your tone should be: “I think you’d have fun doing this. But if you don’t want to go, that’s okay by me. No big deal.”","If you get a no . . . What if you follow the tips above, but the person still says no to your invitation?","If he or she says no, but proposes another time — “I can’t make it this Saturday, but how about the next?” — then they likely reciprocate your interest (platonic or romantic) in getting to know each other better.","If they say they can’t make it, but don’t propose another time, then they’re not likely interested in hanging out.","Still, try extending an invitation again a few weeks later. If you get the same response (a no without an attempt to propose another time), then you can feel more certain that they’re not interested.","There are exceptions of course, and the firmness of this guideline applies more to asking for dates (it’s essentially the Brad Pitt rule) than asking platonic acquaintances to hang out. In the latter case, if you keep running into each other and having good conversations in which the other person expresses what seems like sincere interest in hanging out, you might consider extending a third or even fourth invite. Well spaced out, of course. Some people are just flaky, and really poor initiative takers, or just passing through a busy phase in their lives, and need multiple invitations before they’ll say yes. (Of course, if they start off very flaky, that’s likely how they’ll always be, which, even if you become better friends, may prove hard to accept!) Read their tone, and parse their words, in deciding how persistent to be.","If you determine that that particular person doesn’t wish to hang out, no worries. Now that you know how to make non-awkward, easily accepted invitations, you can start regularly offering them to the many other fish in the sea!","The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.","We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy"]},"parsed_md":"How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward | Art of Manliness\n\nMenu podcast\n\n * Accessories\n * Shaving\n * Style\n\nHow to Tie a TieHow to Clean a Baseball CapHere’s What Happened When I Wore a\nTie to Work Every Day for a YearHow to Make a Leather Belt\n\nHow To Shave Like Your Grandpa Using a Safety RazorHow to Trim Your Mustache:\nAn Illustrated GuideHow to Grow a Handlebar MustacheHow to Treat a Shaving Cut\n\nChukka Boots: The FAQThe Best Damn Guide to Men’s T-Shirts on the Internet10\nThings Your Father Should Have Taught You About StyleIf/How to Wear a Suit\nWithout a Tie\n\nBrowse all Style & Grooming\n\n * College\n * Entrepreneurship\n * Networking\n * Personal Finance\n * So You Want My Job\n\nPodcast #449: Faster and Cheaper Alternatives to CollegeSaving for Your Kids’\nCollege Education: A Primer on the 529Podcast #385: Learning How to LearnHow\nto Write the Perfect College Application Essay\n\nHow to Pursue a New Career (While Still Getting the Bills Paid)So You (Or Your\nWife) Wants to Join a Multi-Level Marketing CompanyPodcast #175: How to\nImprove Your Work and Life With Systems10 Tips for Successfully Working from\nHome\n\nPodcast #403: A Better Way to Network#393: The Importance of Building Your\nSocial CapitalMaking Introductions: The FAQsHow to Contact a Busy Person\n\n11 Personal Finance Goals for Your 20sPodcast #659: Do You Want to Be Rich or\nWealthy? 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These men are\nreactive instead of proactive, hoping that someone else will make the first\nmove instead. Yet other people are in the very same passive mindset. Thus,\nnobody gets together with anybody!\n\nIf you want to make progress in your social life, it’s up to you to break this\nstalemate by taking the initiative yourself. You do that by inviting people\nyou want to get to know better to do things — to go on a date or hang out.\n\nOf course, the reason the majority of people don’t take the initiative is that\ndoing so is risky — you worry your invitations will come out weird and that\nyour friendly entreaties will be rejected. Fortunately, it’s easy to make\ninvitations in ways that significantly reduce any potential awkwardness, and\ngreatly increase their chances of being accepted.\n\nJust follow these tips Alan Garner lays out in Conversationally Speaking:\n\nKeep a dual perspective. Don’t assume people share all your interests, and\nsimply invite them to do something you think is fun. Instead, find out what\nactivities they like, and invite them to do something you both enjoy. By\nmaintaining this “dual perspective,” you’ll be more likely to get a yes.\n\nBe specific and direct. How many times do you run into an acquaintance and the\nconversation ends with this exchange: “We should hang out sometime,” followed\nby their response, “Yeah definitely.” Of course, neither one of you sees the\nother until you randomly run into each other again, only to repeat your vague\nintentions of getting together “sometime.”\n\nInstead of making hazy, indefinite invitations, be specific and direct. Ask\nsomeone if they want to do X activity, at X place, on X day, at X time. Ask a\nyes or no question, and get a yes or no answer.\n\nDon’t ask: “Are you doing anything Saturday night?” Garner explains why:\n\n> “Many people (and I am one) feel embarrassed at responding, ‘No I’m not\n> doing anything at all.’ And having said that, some feel resentful at being\n> put into the position of having to either agree to the proposal, offer\n> another, or say in effect that they’d rather do nothing than be with you.”\n\nStart small. People are more likely to say yes to an invitation that requires\na minimal commitment. So instead of inviting someone to an elaborate, multi-\nhour affair, propose meeting up at the gym for a workout or for drinks after\nwork.\n\nOn the romantic front, instead of asking someone out to dinner, ask if she’ll\njoin you for coffee. A coffee date is accordion-like in its structure: if it\ngoes poorly, you can keep it short and depart after 20 minutes or so. If it\ngoes very well, you can expand it further and ask if she’d like to go do\nsomething else. “What’s the rest of your morning look like? Do you want to go\ncheck out the farmer’s market?”\n\nSound casual. The tone of your invitation will influence its recipient’s\nresponse. The sound of anxiety and desperation reads as low status; it sends a\nvisceral signal that you’re going to be a negative burden in their life rather\nthan a positive asset.\n\nTo which of these invitations would you respond more positively:\n\n 1. [Said with worried expression and serious tone] “I really enjoyed meeting you. It’s been so hard to make friends here. I’m sure you’re busy, but, um . . . I was just wondering if you’d like to, um, go cycling sometime? I really feel like we could be good friends.”\n 2. [Said with smile and casual tone] “It was great talking to you tonight. You mentioned wanting to cycle the Evergreen Trail sometime. Do you want to meet up Saturday morning to ride it together?”\n\nDon’t imbue your invitations with heavy, life or death stakes. Keep ’em light,\ncasual, and confident. Your tone should be: “I think you’d have fun doing\nthis. But if you don’t want to go, that’s okay by me. No big deal.”\n\nIf you get a no . . . What if you follow the tips above, but the person still\nsays no to your invitation?\n\nIf he or she says no, but proposes another time — “I can’t make it this\nSaturday, but how about the next?” — then they likely reciprocate your\ninterest (platonic or romantic) in getting to know each other better.\n\nIf they say they can’t make it, but don’t propose another time, then they’re\nnot likely interested in hanging out.\n\nStill, try extending an invitation again a few weeks later. If you get the\nsame response (a no without an attempt to propose another time), then you can\nfeel more certain that they’re not interested.\n\nThere are exceptions of course, and the firmness of this guideline applies\nmore to asking for dates (it’s essentially the Brad Pitt rule) than asking\nplatonic acquaintances to hang out. In the latter case, if you keep running\ninto each other and having good conversations in which the other person\nexpresses what seems like sincere interest in hanging out, you might consider\nextending a third or even fourth invite. Well spaced out, of course. Some\npeople are just flaky, and really poor initiative takers, or just passing\nthrough a busy phase in their lives, and need multiple invitations before\nthey’ll say yes. (Of course, if they start off very flaky, that’s likely how\nthey’ll always be, which, even if you become better friends, may prove hard to\naccept!) Read their tone, and parse their words, in deciding how persistent to\nbe.\n\nIf you determine that that particular person doesn’t wish to hang out, no\nworries. Now that you know how to make non-awkward, easily accepted\ninvitations, you can start regularly offering them to the many other fish in\nthe sea!\n\n### Related Articles\n\nPrevious Next\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\n\nJoin the Strenuous Life\n\nLearn More\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nPodcast #700\n\n###### The Life and Afterlife of Harry Houdini\n\nPodcast #699\n\n###### The No-Nonsense Guide to Simplifying Every Aspect of Your Life\n\nPodcast #698\n\n###### The Secrets of Public Speaking From History’s Greatest Orators\n\nPodcast #697\n\n###### Social Psychology Won’t Save Us\n\nView all\n\nRelated\n\nArticles///\n\n### 20 Aphorisms That I Thought Were Dumb as a Boy But Now Appreciate as a\nGrown Man\n\n### Chukka Boots: The FAQ\n\n### The Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy Note\n\n### How to Give and Take Criticism like a Man\n\nView all\n\nTake action today\n\nJoin The Strenuous Life\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\n\n * Contact\n * Legal\n * About\n * All Topics\n * Archives\n\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\nAoM.\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkPrivacy policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20220107035831/https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition","parsed_text":{"title":"Empathy Definition","passages":["The term “empathy” is used to describe a wide range of experiences. Emotion researchers generally define empathy as the ability to sense other people’s emotions, coupled with the ability to imagine what someone else might be thinking or feeling.","Contemporary researchers often differentiate between two types of empathy: “Affective empathy” refers to the sensations and feelings we get in response to others’ emotions; this can include mirroring what that person is feeling, or just feeling stressed when we detect another’s fear or anxiety. “Cognitive empathy,” sometimes called “perspective taking,” refers to our ability to identify and understand other people’s emotions. Studies suggest that people with autism spectrum disorders have a hard time empathizing.","Empathy seems to have deep roots in our brains and bodies, and in our evolutionary history. Elementary forms of empathy have been observed in our primate relatives, in dogs, and even in rats. Empathy has been associated with two different pathways in the brain, and scientists have speculated that some aspects of empathy can be traced to mirror neurons, cells in the brain that fire when we observe someone else perform an action in much the same way that they would fire if we performed that action ourselves. Research has also uncovered evidence of a genetic basis to empathy, though studies suggest that people can enhance (or restrict) their natural empathic abilities.","Having empathy doesn’t necessarily mean we’ll want to help someone in need, though it’s often a vital first step toward compassionate action.","For more: Read Frans de Waal’s essay on “The Evolution of Empathy” and Daniel Goleman’s overview of different forms of empathy, drawing on the work of Paul Ekman.","Empathy is a building block of morality—for people to follow the Golden Rule, it helps if they can put themselves in someone else’s shoes. It is also a key ingredient of successful relationships because it helps us understand the perspectives, needs, and intentions of others. Here are some of the ways that research has testified to the far-reaching importance of empathy.","Seminal studies by Daniel Batson and Nancy Eisenberg have shown that people higher in empathy are more likely to help others in need, even when doing so cuts against their self-interest.","Empathy reduces prejudice and racism: In one study, white participants made to empathize with an African American man demonstrated less racial bias afterward.","Empathy is good for your marriage: Research suggests being able to understand your partner’s emotions deepens intimacy and boosts relationship satisfaction; it’s also fundamental to resolving conflicts. (The GGSC’s Christine Carter has written about effective strategies for developing and expressing empathy in relationships.)","Empathy reduces bullying: Studies of Mary Gordon’s innovative Roots of Empathy program have found that it decreases bullying and aggression among kids, and makes them kinder and more inclusive toward their peers. An unrelated study found that bullies lack “affective empathy” but not cognitive empathy, suggesting that they know how their victims feel but lack the kind of empathy that would deter them from hurting others.","Empathy reduces suspensions: In one study, students of teachers who participated in an empathy training program were half as likely to be suspended, compared to students of teachers who didn’t participate.","Empathy promotes heroic acts: A seminal study by Samuel and Pearl Oliner found that people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust had been encouraged at a young age to take the perspectives of others.","Empathy fights inequality. As Robert Reich and Arlie Hochschild have argued, empathy encourages us to reach out and want to help people who are not in our social group, even those who belong to stigmatized groups, like the poor. Conversely, research suggests that inequality can reduce empathy: People show less empathy when they attain higher socioeconomic status.","Empathy is good for the office: Managers who demonstrate empathy have employees who are sick less often and report greater happiness.","Empathy is good for health care: A large-scale study found that doctors high in empathy have patients who enjoy better health; other research suggests training doctors to be more empathic improves patient satisfaction and the doctors’ own emotional well-being.","Empathy is good for police: Research suggests that empathy can help police officers increase their confidence in handling crises, diffuse crises with less physical force, and feel less distant from the people they’re dealing with.","Humans experience affective empathy from infancy, physically sensing their caregivers’ emotions and often mirroring those emotions. Cognitive empathy emerges later in development, around three to four years of age, roughly when children start to develop an elementary “theory of mind”—that is, the understanding that other people experience the world differently than they do.","From these early forms of empathy, research suggests we can develop more complex forms that go a long way toward improving our relationships and the world around us. Here are some specific, science-based activities for cultivating empathy from our site Greater Good in Action:","Active listening: Express active interest in what the other person has to say and make him or her feel heard.","Shared identity: Think of a person who seems to be very different from you, and then list what you have in common.","Put a human face on suffering: When reading the news, look for profiles of specific individuals and try to imagine what their lives have been like.","Focus your attention outwards: Being mindfully aware of your surroundings, especially the behaviors and expressions of other people, is crucial for empathy. Indeed, research suggests practicing mindfulness helps us take the perspectives of other people yet not feel overwhelmed when we encounter their negative emotions.","Get out of your own head: Research shows we can increase our own level of empathy by actively imagining what someone else might be experiencing.","Don’t jump to conclusions about others: We feel less empathy when we assume that people suffering are somehow getting what they deserve.","Show empathic body language: Empathy is expressed not just by what we say, but by our facial expressions, posture, tone of voice, and eye contact (or lack thereof).","Meditate: Neuroscience research by Richard Davidson and his colleagues suggests that meditation—specifically loving-kindness meditation, which focuses attention on concern for others—might increase the capacity for empathy among short-term and long-term meditators alike (though especially among long-time meditators).","Explore imaginary worlds: Research by Keith Oatley and colleagues has found that people who read fiction are more attuned to others’ emotions and intentions.","Play games: Neuroscience research suggests that when we compete against others, our brains are making a “mental model” of the other person’s thoughts and intentions.","Take lessons from babies: Mary Gordon’s Roots of Empathy program is designed to boost empathy by bringing babies into classrooms, stimulating children’s basic instincts to resonate with others’ emotions.","Combat inequality: Research has shown that attaining higher socioeconomic status diminishes empathy, perhaps because people of high SES have less of a need to connect with, rely on, or cooperate with others. As the gap widens between the haves and have-nots, we risk facing an empathy gap as well. This doesn’t mean money is evil, but if you have a lot of it, you might need to be more intentional about maintaining your own empathy toward others.","Pay attention to faces: Pioneering research by Paul Ekman has found we can improve our ability to identify other people’s emotions by systematically studying facial expressions. Take our Emotional Intelligence Quiz for a primer, or check out Ekman’s F.A.C.E. program for more rigorous training.","Believe that empathy can be learned: People who think their empathy levels are changeable put more effort into being empathic, listening to others, and helping, even when it’s challenging.","For more: The Ashoka Foundation’s Start Empathy initiative tracks educators’ best practices for teaching empathy. The initiative gave awards to 14 programs judged to do the best job at educating for empathy. The nonprofit Playworks also offers eight strategies for developing empathy in children.","According to research, we’re more likely to help a single sufferer than a large group of faceless victims, and we empathize more with in-group members than out-group members. Does this reflect a defect in empathy itself? Some critics believe so, while others argue that the real problem is how we suppress our own empathy.","Empathy, after all, can be painful. An “empathy trap” occurs when we’re so focused on feeling what others are feeling that we neglect our own emotions and needs—and other people can take advantage of this. Doctors and caregivers are at particular risk of feeling emotionally overwhelmed by empathy.","In other cases, empathy seems to be detrimental. Empathizing with out-groups can make us more reluctant to engage with them, if we imagine that they’ll be critical of us. Sociopaths could use cognitive empathy to help them exploit or even torture people.","Even if we are well-intentioned, we tend to overestimate our empathic skills. We may think we know the whole story about other people when we’re actually making biased judgments—which can lead to misunderstandings and exacerbate prejudice.","* #### The Relation of Empathy to Prosocial and Related Behaviors\nThe relationship between empathy and prosocial behaviors, which are behaviors like helping and sharing done to...","* #### Is Empathic Emotion a Source of Altruistic Motivation?\nA look at whether empathy causes an altruistic desire to help rather than an egotistical one.","What does your best possible self look like? Our guest tries a practice in optimism by imagining her brightest future.","Become a subscribing member today. Help us continue to bring “the science of a meaningful life” to you and to millions around the globe.","The Greater Good Science Center studies the psychology, sociology, and neuroscience of well-being, and teaches skills that foster a thriving, resilient, and compassionate society."]},"parsed_md":"Empathy Definition | What Is Empathy\n\nSKIP TO: Header | Log in | Register | Navigation | Main Content | Footer\n\nGreater Good Science Center • Magazine • In Action • In Education\n\nSign up for our newsletters\n\nGreater Good Magazine\n\nDonate\n\nnav menu\n\nScroll To Top\n\n# Empathy Defined\n\n## What is Empathy?\n\nThe term “empathy” is used to describe a wide range of experiences. Emotion\nresearchers generally define empathy as the ability to sense other people’s\nemotions, coupled with the ability to imagine what someone else might be\nthinking or feeling.\n\nContemporary researchers often differentiate between two types of empathy:\n“Affective empathy” refers to the sensations and feelings we get in response\nto others’ emotions; this can include mirroring what that person is feeling,\nor just feeling stressed when we detect another’s fear or anxiety. “Cognitive\nempathy,” sometimes called “perspective taking,” refers to our ability to\nidentify and understand other people’s emotions. Studies suggest that people\nwith autism spectrum disorders have a hard time empathizing.\n\nEmpathy seems to have deep roots in our brains and bodies, and in our\nevolutionary history. Elementary forms of empathy have been observed in our\nprimate relatives, in dogs, and even in rats. Empathy has been associated with\ntwo different pathways in the brain, and scientists have speculated that some\naspects of empathy can be traced to mirror neurons, cells in the brain that\nfire when we observe someone else perform an action in much the same way that\nthey would fire if we performed that action ourselves. Research has also\nuncovered evidence of a genetic basis to empathy, though studies suggest that\npeople can enhance (or restrict) their natural empathic abilities.\n\nHaving empathy doesn’t necessarily mean we’ll want to help someone in need,\nthough it’s often a vital first step toward compassionate action.\n\nFor more: Read Frans de Waal’s essay on “The Evolution of Empathy” and Daniel\nGoleman’s overview of different forms of empathy, drawing on the work of Paul\nEkman.\n\n##### What are the Limitations?\n\n * #### When Empathy Hurts, Compassion Can Heal\n\nBy Adam Hoffman\n\nA new neuroscientific study shows that compassion training can help us cope\nwith other...\n\n * #### Does Empathy Reduce Prejudice—or Promote It?\n\nBy Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton\n\nRodolfo Mendoza-Denton explains how to make sense of conflicting scientific\nevidence.\n\n * #### How to Avoid the Empathy Trap\n\nBy Robin Stern, Diana Divecha\n\nDo you prioritize other people's feelings over your own? You might be falling\ninto the...\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\n16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\n\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\n\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\nor nostalgia.\n\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\n\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\n\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\nwith strong character and compassion.\n\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\n\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\n\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\ndown, pause, reflect.\n\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\n\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\n\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\n\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\n\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\nAugust 26, 2021\n\nOur contributors award \"Greater Goodies\" to the TV shows that helped them to\nget through the pandemic.\n\n## Why Practice It?\n\nEmpathy is a building block of morality—for people to follow the Golden Rule,\nit helps if they can put themselves in someone else’s shoes. It is also a key\ningredient of successful relationships because it helps us understand the\nperspectives, needs, and intentions of others. Here are some of the ways that\nresearch has testified to the far-reaching importance of empathy.\n\n * Seminal studies by Daniel Batson and Nancy Eisenberg have shown that people higher in empathy are more likely to help others in need, even when doing so cuts against their self-interest.\n * Empathy is contagious: When group norms encourage empathy, people are more likely to be empathic—and more altruistic.\n * Empathy reduces prejudice and racism: In one study, white participants made to empathize with an African American man demonstrated less racial bias afterward.\n * Empathy is good for your marriage: Research suggests being able to understand your partner’s emotions deepens intimacy and boosts relationship satisfaction; it’s also fundamental to resolving conflicts. (The GGSC’s Christine Carter has written about effective strategies for developing and expressing empathy in relationships.)\n * Empathy reduces bullying: Studies of Mary Gordon’s innovative Roots of Empathy program have found that it decreases bullying and aggression among kids, and makes them kinder and more inclusive toward their peers. An unrelated study found that bullies lack “affective empathy” but not cognitive empathy, suggesting that they know how their victims feel but lack the kind of empathy that would deter them from hurting others.\n * Empathy reduces suspensions: In one study, students of teachers who participated in an empathy training program were half as likely to be suspended, compared to students of teachers who didn’t participate.\n * Empathy promotes heroic acts: A seminal study by Samuel and Pearl Oliner found that people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust had been encouraged at a young age to take the perspectives of others.\n * Empathy fights inequality. As Robert Reich and Arlie Hochschild have argued, empathy encourages us to reach out and want to help people who are not in our social group, even those who belong to stigmatized groups, like the poor. Conversely, research suggests that inequality can reduce empathy: People show less empathy when they attain higher socioeconomic status.\n * Empathy is good for the office: Managers who demonstrate empathy have employees who are sick less often and report greater happiness.\n * Empathy is good for health care: A large-scale study found that doctors high in empathy have patients who enjoy better health; other research suggests training doctors to be more empathic improves patient satisfaction and the doctors’ own emotional well-being.\n * Empathy is good for police: Research suggests that empathy can help police officers increase their confidence in handling crises, diffuse crises with less physical force, and feel less distant from the people they’re dealing with.\n\nFor more: Learn about why we should teach empathy to preschoolers.\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\n16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\n\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\n\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\nor nostalgia.\n\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\n\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\n\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\nwith strong character and compassion.\n\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\n\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\n\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\ndown, pause, reflect.\n\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\n\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\n\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\n\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\n\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\nAugust 26, 2021\n\nOur contributors award \"Greater Goodies\" to the TV shows that helped them to\nget through the pandemic.\n\n## How Do I Cultivate It?\n\nHumans experience affective empathy from infancy, physically sensing their\ncaregivers’ emotions and often mirroring those emotions. Cognitive empathy\nemerges later in development, around three to four years of age, roughly when\nchildren start to develop an elementary “theory of mind”—that is, the\nunderstanding that other people experience the world differently than they do.\n\nFrom these early forms of empathy, research suggests we can develop more\ncomplex forms that go a long way toward improving our relationships and the\nworld around us. Here are some specific, science-based activities for\ncultivating empathy from our site Greater Good in Action:\n\n * Active listening: Express active interest in what the other person has to say and make him or her feel heard.\n * Shared identity: Think of a person who seems to be very different from you, and then list what you have in common.\n * Put a human face on suffering: When reading the news, look for profiles of specific individuals and try to imagine what their lives have been like.\n * Eliciting altruism: Create reminders of connectedness.\n\nAnd here are some of the keys that researchers have identified for nurturing\nempathy in ourselves and others:\n\n * Focus your attention outwards: Being mindfully aware of your surroundings, especially the behaviors and expressions of other people, is crucial for empathy. Indeed, research suggests practicing mindfulness helps us take the perspectives of other people yet not feel overwhelmed when we encounter their negative emotions.\n * Get out of your own head: Research shows we can increase our own level of empathy by actively imagining what someone else might be experiencing.\n * Don’t jump to conclusions about others: We feel less empathy when we assume that people suffering are somehow getting what they deserve.\n * Show empathic body language: Empathy is expressed not just by what we say, but by our facial expressions, posture, tone of voice, and eye contact (or lack thereof).\n * Meditate: Neuroscience research by Richard Davidson and his colleagues suggests that meditation—specifically loving-kindness meditation, which focuses attention on concern for others—might increase the capacity for empathy among short-term and long-term meditators alike (though especially among long-time meditators).\n * Explore imaginary worlds: Research by Keith Oatley and colleagues has found that people who read fiction are more attuned to others’ emotions and intentions.\n * Join the band: Recent studies have shown that playing music together boosts empathy in kids.\n * Play games: Neuroscience research suggests that when we compete against others, our brains are making a “mental model” of the other person’s thoughts and intentions.\n * Take lessons from babies: Mary Gordon’s Roots of Empathy program is designed to boost empathy by bringing babies into classrooms, stimulating children’s basic instincts to resonate with others’ emotions.\n * Combat inequality: Research has shown that attaining higher socioeconomic status diminishes empathy, perhaps because people of high SES have less of a need to connect with, rely on, or cooperate with others. As the gap widens between the haves and have-nots, we risk facing an empathy gap as well. This doesn’t mean money is evil, but if you have a lot of it, you might need to be more intentional about maintaining your own empathy toward others.\n * Pay attention to faces: Pioneering research by Paul Ekman has found we can improve our ability to identify other people’s emotions by systematically studying facial expressions. Take our Emotional Intelligence Quiz for a primer, or check out Ekman’s F.A.C.E. program for more rigorous training.\n * Believe that empathy can be learned: People who think their empathy levels are changeable put more effort into being empathic, listening to others, and helping, even when it’s challenging.\n\nFor more: The Ashoka Foundation’s Start Empathy initiative tracks educators’\nbest practices for teaching empathy. The initiative gave awards to 14 programs\njudged to do the best job at educating for empathy. The nonprofit Playworks\nalso offers eight strategies for developing empathy in children.\n\n### What Are the Pitfalls and Limitations of Empathy?\n\nAccording to research, we’re more likely to help a single sufferer than a\nlarge group of faceless victims, and we empathize more with in-group members\nthan out-group members. Does this reflect a defect in empathy itself? Some\ncritics believe so, while others argue that the real problem is how we\nsuppress our own empathy.\n\nEmpathy, after all, can be painful. An “empathy trap” occurs when we’re so\nfocused on feeling what others are feeling that we neglect our own emotions\nand needs—and other people can take advantage of this. Doctors and caregivers\nare at particular risk of feeling emotionally overwhelmed by empathy.\n\nIn other cases, empathy seems to be detrimental. Empathizing with out-groups\ncan make us more reluctant to engage with them, if we imagine that they’ll be\ncritical of us. Sociopaths could use cognitive empathy to help them exploit or\neven torture people.\n\nEven if we are well-intentioned, we tend to overestimate our empathic skills.\nWe may think we know the whole story about other people when we’re actually\nmaking biased judgments—which can lead to misunderstandings and exacerbate\nprejudice.\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\n16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\n\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\n\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\nor nostalgia.\n\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\n\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\n\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\nwith strong character and compassion.\n\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\n\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\n\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\ndown, pause, reflect.\n\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\n\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\n\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\n\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\n\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\nAugust 26, 2021\n\nOur contributors award \"Greater Goodies\" to the TV shows that helped them to\nget through the pandemic.\n\n * ### Related Articles\n\n * ## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nDecember 16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\nView More Articles\n\n * ### Empathy Quiz\n\nHow well do you feel and understand what others are feeling?\n\nTake the Quiz\n\n * More Books\n\n * #### The Neurodevelopment of Empathy in Humans\n\nDecety argues that empathy involves multiple components including affective\narousal, emotion understanding, and...\n\n * #### The Relation of Empathy to Prosocial and Related Behaviors\n\nThe relationship between empathy and prosocial behaviors, which are behaviors\nlike helping and sharing done to...\n\n * #### Is Empathic Emotion a Source of Altruistic Motivation?\n\nA look at whether empathy causes an altruistic desire to help rather than an\negotistical one.\n\nMore Studies\n\n * ### Six Ways to Be a Better Listener\n\nHere are the do's and don'ts of good active listening.\n\n * ### Episode 108: The Case for Believing in Yourself\n\nWhat does your best possible self look like? Our guest tries a practice in\noptimism by imagining her brightest future.\n\n * ### Keys to Well-Being\n\n * Altruism\n * Awe\n * Compassion\n * Empathy\n * Diversity\n * Forgiveness\n * Gratitude\n * Happiness\n * Mindfulness\n * Purpose\n * Social Connection\n\n#### This article — and everything on this site — is funded by readers like\nyou.\n\nBecome a subscribing member today. Help us continue to bring “the science of a\nmeaningful life” to you and to millions around the globe.\n\nGive Now\n\nThe Greater Good Science Center studies the psychology, sociology, and\nneuroscience of well-being, and teaches skills that foster a thriving,\nresilient, and compassionate society.\n\nBerkeley: University of California\n\n© 2022 The Greater Good Science Center at the University of California,\nBerkeley\n\nDeveloped by Hop Studios Hop Studios\n\nDesigned by Project6 Project6\n\nAccessibility | Nondiscrimination | Privacy Policy\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * LinkedIn\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416181931/https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Better Understand Your Partner","passages":["All of us want to be seen, heard and understood. We especially want this from our partners. We want our partners to say, Yes, I am listening. Yes, I get it. Yes, I understand your pain. I’m sorry it hurts, and I am here. We want our partners to be interested in and to care about what’s happening inside our hearts.","In fact, one of the most common complaints relationship therapist Rebecca Wong, LCSW, hears from her clients is that they don’t feel this from their partners — even though it’s powerful and vital for healthy relationships. “Feeling seen, heard and understood leads to deeper intimacy and relational growth.” When we don’t have this, we feel rejected and like we don’t matter, which can fracture our relationship over time, she said.","There’s a pervasive (inaccurate) belief that understanding our partners means that we must agree with them. But as Wong said, “you can totally disagree.” Instead, understanding simply means listening to our partners fully and intently. It means absorbing what they’re saying. It means saying to your partner, “I think I’m understanding you. But let me check: What you are saying is...” It means staying with this process “until your partner has no need to further clarify their perspective, because they know you get it. Even if you don’t agree, you get it.”","When your partner is talking, you don’t need to do anything, said Wong, the founder of the research-based practice Connectfulness. You don’t need to try to fix the situation or make things better. “Your only role is to be another being for your partner to share their human experience with.”","“Seek first to understand, then to be understood,” Wong said. Try not to formulate your responses as you’re listening to your partner. This only keeps you from deeply digesting what they’re saying, and hinders true understanding. “When your partner feels understood, they will naturally reciprocate with curiosity about what you think and feel and you’ll have an opening to share your perspective.”","“[Defensiveness and complaints] are toxic relationship patterns that prevent you from really connecting intimately,” Wong said. When someone critiques and complains, they inadvertently put their partner on the defensive, she said. It communicates to your partner that “it’s not me, it’s you.”","“So the trick there is to take some responsibility, even a small iota, a weensy tidbit — ‘I can see your point, I did say that I would...I need to...” It’s also helpful to tell your partner how you’re feeling and what you need. (More on that below.)","Interestingly, understanding our partners also involves understanding ourselves. “It’s hard to manage all the stuff that bubbles up and gets in the way of simply listening when you have a ton of feelings and needs prickling at you,” Wong said.","That’s why it’s important to slow down and spend some time connecting to your own feelings and needs. Wong suggested being honest with your partner when you need to do that: “I want to understand you but I need to sit with myself first, can you give me __ time?” “That will feel better to your partner than not being understood.”","To tune into your feelings and needs, pay attention to your bodily sensations. This helps you identify what’s happening to you internally, so you can then share it with your partner, she said. For instance, you might consider: “Does the hair on the back of your neck or arms prickle up? Is your heart racing? Do you feel flushed? Can you mindfully slow down your breath? What do you need to feel calmer, soothed and more secure?”","Understanding our partners requires patience on our part. It requires that we pause and don’t interrupt our partner or start formulating responses in our minds. It requires us to turn our full attention toward them. This isn’t easy. And it takes practice. But it also gives our partners a beautiful gift: the gift of being seen for who they are and what they need.","Here's everything you might want to know about depression, including diagnosis and symptoms, types, causes, treatments, or how to help someone with...","Inside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches psychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...","At last count, there were over 300 mental health-related apps in the app stores. With this many, how do you choose? How do they differ from each other,","Many believe that forensic science is an exact science that can always find the right perpetrator. But is that actually true? Today’s guest explains...","At PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying diverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented in...","Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a wide range of symptoms, but there are also a variety of treatment options to help manage those...","What is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely react to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.","© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.","© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information."]},"parsed_md":"How to Better Understand Your Partner\n\n# How to Better Understand Your Partner\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Margarita\nTartakovsky, MS on March 11, 2016\n\nAll of us want to be seen, heard and understood. We especially want this from\nour partners. We want our partners to say, Yes, I am listening. Yes, I get it.\nYes, I understand your pain. I’m sorry it hurts, and I am here. We want our\npartners to be interested in and to care about what’s happening inside our\nhearts.\n\nWanting to be seen and heard and understood are basic human needs.\n\nIn fact, one of the most common complaints relationship therapist Rebecca\nWong, LCSW, hears from her clients is that they don’t feel this from their\npartners — even though it’s powerful and vital for healthy relationships.\n“Feeling seen, heard and understood leads to deeper intimacy and relational\ngrowth.” When we don’t have this, we feel rejected and like we don’t matter,\nwhich can fracture our relationship over time, she said.\n\nThere’s a pervasive (inaccurate) belief that understanding our partners means\nthat we must agree with them. But as Wong said, “you can totally disagree.”\nInstead, understanding simply means listening to our partners fully and\nintently. It means absorbing what they’re saying. It means saying to your\npartner, “I think I’m understanding you. But let me check: What you are saying\nis...” It means staying with this process “until your partner has no need to\nfurther clarify their perspective, because they know you get it. Even if you\ndon’t agree, you get it.”\n\nBelow, Wong shared suggestions on how we can “get it” and better understand\nour partners.\n\nBe fully present.\n\nWhen your partner is talking, you don’t need to do anything, said Wong, the\nfounder of the research-based practice Connectfulness. You don’t need to try\nto fix the situation or make things better. “Your only role is to be another\nbeing for your partner to share their human experience with.”\n\nUnderstand first.\n\n“Seek first to understand, then to be understood,” Wong said. Try not to\nformulate your responses as you’re listening to your partner. This only keeps\nyou from deeply digesting what they’re saying, and hinders true understanding.\n“When your partner feels understood, they will naturally reciprocate with\ncuriosity about what you think and feel and you’ll have an opening to share\nyour perspective.”\n\nAvoid complaints and defensiveness.\n\n“[Defensiveness and complaints] are toxic relationship patterns that prevent\nyou from really connecting intimately,” Wong said. When someone critiques and\ncomplains, they inadvertently put their partner on the defensive, she said. It\ncommunicates to your partner that “it’s not me, it’s you.”\n\n“So the trick there is to take some responsibility, even a small iota, a\nweensy tidbit — ‘I can see your point, I did say that I would...I need to...”\nIt’s also helpful to tell your partner how you’re feeling and what you need.\n(More on that below.)\n\nManage your own stuff.\n\nInterestingly, understanding our partners also involves understanding\nourselves. “It’s hard to manage all the stuff that bubbles up and gets in the\nway of simply listening when you have a ton of feelings and needs prickling at\nyou,” Wong said.\n\nThat’s why it’s important to slow down and spend some time connecting to your\nown feelings and needs. Wong suggested being honest with your partner when you\nneed to do that: “I want to understand you but I need to sit with myself\nfirst, can you give me __ time?” “That will feel better to your partner than\nnot being understood.”\n\nTo tune into your feelings and needs, pay attention to your bodily sensations.\nThis helps you identify what’s happening to you internally, so you can then\nshare it with your partner, she said. For instance, you might consider: “Does\nthe hair on the back of your neck or arms prickle up? Is your heart racing? Do\nyou feel flushed? Can you mindfully slow down your breath? What do you need to\nfeel calmer, soothed and more secure?”\n\nUnderstanding our partners requires patience on our part. It requires that we\npause and don’t interrupt our partner or start formulating responses in our\nminds. It requires us to turn our full attention toward them. This isn’t easy.\nAnd it takes practice. But it also gives our partners a beautiful gift: the\ngift of being seen for who they are and what they need.\n\nCouple talking photo available from Shutterstock\n\nLast medically reviewed on March 11, 2016\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Margarita\nTartakovsky, MS on March 11, 2016\n\n## RELATED\n\n * Depression\n\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Are Mental Health Apps Safe?\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Psychology of Forensics\n\n * Your Voice Matters Here\n\n### Read this next\n\n * Depression\n\nMedically reviewed by Francis Kuehnle, MSN, RN-BC\n\nHere's everything you might want to know about depression, including diagnosis\nand symptoms, types, causes, treatments, or how to help someone with...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\n\nInside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches\npsychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Are Mental Health Apps Safe?\n\nAt last count, there were over 300 mental health-related apps in the app\nstores. With this many, how do you choose? How do they differ from each other,\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Psychology of Forensics\n\nMany believe that forensic science is an exact science that can always find\nthe right perpetrator. But is that actually true? Today’s guest explains...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Your Voice Matters Here\n\nAt PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying\ndiverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented\nin...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Treatment of ADHD in Children and Teens\n\nMedically reviewed by Matthew Boland, PhD\n\nAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a wide range of symptoms,\nbut there are also a variety of treatment options to help manage those...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * How to Taper Off Opioids Successfully\n\nMedically reviewed by Alyssa Peckham, PharmD, BCPP\n\nWhether you're taking opioids for pain or have opioid use disorder,\nsuccessfully tapering off opioids is possible. Here's how.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * 10 FAQs About Bipolar Disorder\n\nMedically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD, CRNP, ACRN, CPH\n\nOur experts answer candid questions about bipolar disorder (formerly manic\ndepression) to enlighten, encourage, and dispel any myths.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Resources for Coping with the Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nLooking for more resources, articles, and ideas to help you cope with the\nanxiety, fear and stress of dealing\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What Is Your Emotional Type Quiz\n\nMedically reviewed by Vara Saripalli, PsyD\n\nWhat is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely\nreact to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * About Us\n * Newsletters\n * Find a therapist\n * Contact Us\n * Advertising Policy\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n * Privacy Settings\n * © 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\n\n© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\nPsych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nadditional information.\n\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210203050521/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind singledom\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It costs more to fly solo. That’s according to the Good Housekeeping Institute, which last week released a study claiming single life can cost people up to £2,000 a year more. Even as someone who’s spent a good chunk of time single, and felt the occasional sting of shelling out more for hotels, it was hard not to raise an eyebrow at the figures: the extra costs of luxury gym memberships and Med cruises feel very much like a first-world problem.\",\n \"But part of me was still glad to see this undoubtedly superficial take. As a society, we barely discuss the realities and implications of singledom. In pop culture singledom is almost invariably represented as an easily fixed unhappy state, a step along the way to getting happily hitched. We know little about the long-term singles: how many relish their freedom and independence, and how many feel burdened with loneliness and hope to meet the love of their life? To what extent is singledom driving social infertility – not having children because you haven’t met Mr or Ms Right? And if so, what does it mean for an ageing society in which we expect family members to care for their older relatives?\",\n \"The single stereotypes abound. For men, it’s the dysfunctional fortysomething still living with his parents. For women, the callous career woman – who could forget former Australian prime minister Julia Gillard being accused of being “deliberately barren”? Or the crazy cat lady living alone, slowly losing her mind. There’s shame and stigma attached to fessing up to being either happily or unhappily single: would I have written this column a couple of years ago when I was on my own?\",\n \"Beyond the stereotypes come the pop dating theories. In Date-onomics, Jon Birger posits that a new gender imbalance is set to affect who we settle down with. Studies show that we are likely to couple up with people who broadly resemble ourselves in terms of class and education. But they also suggest men seem less keen to “marry up” and women to “marry down”. With female university graduates now outnumbering men in many countries – women in the UK are a third more likely to go to university than men -unless we see more of the “mixed- collar” partnerships Birger predicts will become more common, more blue-collar men and more female graduates may struggle to find romance. Cue an industry of self-help books and coaching for professional women in their early 30s struggling to meet Mr Right.”\",\n \"Pop theories aside, there’s been remarkably little robust research on singledom and social infertility. (There are endless pieces on the theme, but few identify just how many people are unable to find partners.)\",\n \"While the data may not be great, there are clues. For men, there’s a sharp socioeconomic gradient to being single. Men from disadvantaged backgrounds are twice as likely to live alone in their early 40s than those from rich families, which puts them at further financial disadvantage. Some of that is due to higher levels of relationship breakdown, but there is also a significant minority of men from disadvantaged backgrounds who find it difficult to meet a partner in the first place.\",\n \"For women, the trend runs the other way. University-educated women born in 1970 were almost twice as likely as women with low levels of education to be childless at the age of 42. As women have become more educated, the proportion of women remaining childless has increased from one in 10 of those born in 1946 to just under one in five of those born in 1970. Cue the Daily Mail stereotypes of career-driven women too selfish and picky to settle down and have kids.\",\n \"So far, so in line with the pop theories. But what’s surprising is that social infertility – not having children because of a failure to meet the right partner – appears to be almost as big a problem for educated men as it is women.\",\n \"Similar proportions of male and female university graduates are childless at age 42 – around one in four; and similar proportions of those – around one in three – say it was because they hadn’t met the right person. (Incidentally, just 3% of childless female graduates said it was down to their career.) “I can’t help but wonder what it would be like if that little girl were my little girl.” Heartbreaking words you’d expect to hear from a woman desperate to be a mother? They’re in fact penned by a man who would have loved to have been a father but whose chance passed him by.\",\n \"Love, family and relationships only feature in policy debates about how we live to the extent that they concern children’s lives. Our attitude has always been that – outside medical infertility – finding love and family life in the first place is an entirely private matter; and if you don’t, well, so what.\",\n \"But social infertility exists, and we should be talking about it more, from whether there should be publicly funded fertility advice for women looking to conceive alone, to the realities of ageing without children, to whether we should be investing in research into how to extend women’s fertility spans in the first place. To do so, though, we need to be able to have healthy conversations about singledom that go beyond the painful, shaming stereotypes of the undateable, the unloveable and the “deliberately barren”.\",\n \"• This article was amended on 12 September 2018. An earlier version misconstrued the views posited by Jon Birger’s in Dateonomics.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind singledom\\n| Dating | The Guardian\\n\\n * US edition\\n * UK edition\\n * Australian edition\\n * International edition\\n\\nThe Guardian - Back to home\\n\\nSearch jobs\\n\\nSign inSearch\\n\\n * Fashion\\n * Food\\n * Recipes\\n * Love & sex\\n * Home & garden\\n * Health & fitness\\n * Family\\n * Travel\\n * Money\\n\\nOpinionDating\\n\\nThis article is more than 2 years old\\n\\n# It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind\\nsingledom\\n\\nSonia Sodha\\n\\nThis article is more than 2 years old\\n\\nSingle life provides plenty of material for popular culture, but in truth we\\nknow little about its complexities\\n\\nBridget Jones’s Diary centred on a single woman looking for love. Photograph:\\nAllstar/Working Title\\n\\nBridget Jones’s Diary centred on a single woman looking for love. Photograph:\\nAllstar/Working Title\\n\\nFirst published on Sat 8 Sep 2018 13.00 EDT\\n\\nIt costs more to fly solo. That’s according to the Good Housekeeping\\nInstitute, which last week released a study claiming single life can cost\\npeople up to £2,000 a year more. Even as someone who’s spent a good chunk of\\ntime single, and felt the occasional sting of shelling out more for hotels, it\\nwas hard not to raise an eyebrow at the figures: the extra costs of luxury gym\\nmemberships and Med cruises feel very much like a first-world problem.\\n\\nBut part of me was still glad to see this undoubtedly superficial take. As a\\nsociety, we barely discuss the realities and implications of singledom. In pop\\nculture singledom is almost invariably represented as an easily fixed unhappy\\nstate, a step along the way to getting happily hitched. We know little about\\nthe long-term singles: how many relish their freedom and independence, and how\\nmany feel burdened with loneliness and hope to meet the love of their life? To\\nwhat extent is singledom driving social infertility – not having children\\nbecause you haven’t met Mr or Ms Right? And if so, what does it mean for an\\nageing society in which we expect family members to care for their older\\nrelatives?\\n\\nThe hidden, horrifying costs of being single | Emily Hill\\n\\nRead more\\n\\nThe single stereotypes abound. For men, it’s the dysfunctional fortysomething\\nstill living with his parents. For women, the callous career woman – who could\\nforget former Australian prime minister Julia Gillard being accused of being\\n“deliberately barren”? Or the crazy cat lady living alone, slowly losing her\\nmind. There’s shame and stigma attached to fessing up to being either happily\\nor unhappily single: would I have written this column a couple of years ago\\nwhen I was on my own?\\n\\nBeyond the stereotypes come the pop dating theories. In Date-onomics, Jon\\nBirger posits that a new gender imbalance is set to affect who we settle down\\nwith. Studies show that we are likely to couple up with people who broadly\\nresemble ourselves in terms of class and education. But they also suggest men\\nseem less keen to “marry up” and women to “marry down”. With female university\\ngraduates now outnumbering men in many countries – women in the UK are a third\\nmore likely to go to university than men -unless we see more of the “mixed-\\ncollar” partnerships Birger predicts will become more common, more blue-collar\\nmen and more female graduates may struggle to find romance. Cue an industry of\\nself-help books and coaching for professional women in their early 30s\\nstruggling to meet Mr Right.”\\n\\n05:50\\n\\nSwipe my race: 'If you're only dating someone for their skin colour, you\\nshould consider why'\\n\\nPop theories aside, there’s been remarkably little robust research on\\nsingledom and social infertility. (There are endless pieces on the theme, but\\nfew identify just how many people are unable to find partners.)\\n\\nWhile the data may not be great, there are clues. For men, there’s a sharp\\nsocioeconomic gradient to being single. Men from disadvantaged backgrounds are\\ntwice as likely to live alone in their early 40s than those from rich\\nfamilies, which puts them at further financial disadvantage. Some of that is\\ndue to higher levels of relationship breakdown, but there is also a\\nsignificant minority of men from disadvantaged backgrounds who find it\\ndifficult to meet a partner in the first place.\\n\\nFor women, the trend runs the other way. University-educated women born in\\n1970 were almost twice as likely as women with low levels of education to be\\nchildless at the age of 42. As women have become more educated, the proportion\\nof women remaining childless has increased from one in 10 of those born in\\n1946 to just under one in five of those born in 1970. Cue the Daily Mail\\nstereotypes of career-driven women too selfish and picky to settle down and\\nhave kids.\\n\\nSo far, so in line with the pop theories. But what’s surprising is that social\\ninfertility – not having children because of a failure to meet the right\\npartner – appears to be almost as big a problem for educated men as it is\\nwomen.\\n\\nSimilar proportions of male and female university graduates are childless at\\nage 42 – around one in four; and similar proportions of those – around one in\\nthree – say it was because they hadn’t met the right person. (Incidentally,\\njust 3% of childless female graduates said it was down to their career.) “I\\ncan’t help but wonder what it would be like if that little girl were my little\\ngirl.” Heartbreaking words you’d expect to hear from a woman desperate to be a\\nmother? They’re in fact penned by a man who would have loved to have been a\\nfather but whose chance passed him by.\\n\\nLove, family and relationships only feature in policy debates about how we\\nlive to the extent that they concern children’s lives. Our attitude has always\\nbeen that – outside medical infertility – finding love and family life in the\\nfirst place is an entirely private matter; and if you don’t, well, so what.\\n\\nBut social infertility exists, and we should be talking about it more, from\\nwhether there should be publicly funded fertility advice for women looking to\\nconceive alone, to the realities of ageing without children, to whether we\\nshould be investing in research into how to extend women’s fertility spans in\\nthe first place. To do so, though, we need to be able to have healthy\\nconversations about singledom that go beyond the painful, shaming stereotypes\\nof the undateable, the unloveable and the “deliberately barren”.\\n\\n• This article was amended on 12 September 2018. An earlier version\\nmisconstrued the views posited by Jon Birger’s in Dateonomics.\\n\\n• Sonia Sodha is an Observer columnist\\n\\nTopics\\n\\n * Dating\\n * Opinion\\n\\n * Family\\n * Fertility problems\\n * Health\\n * comment\\n\\n * Reuse this content\\n\\n * Fashion\\n * Food\\n * Recipes\\n * Love & sex\\n * Home & garden\\n * Health & fitness\\n * Family\\n * Travel\\n * Money\\n\\n * News\\n * Opinion\\n * Sport\\n * Culture\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * About us\\n * Contact us\\n * Complaints & corrections\\n * SecureDrop\\n * Work for us\\n * Privacy policy\\n * Cookie policy\\n * Terms & conditions\\n * Help\\n\\n * All topics\\n * All writers\\n * Digital newspaper archive\\n * Facebook\\n * YouTube\\n * Instagram\\n * LinkedIn\\n * Twitter\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n * Advertise with us\\n * Guardian Labs\\n * Search jobs\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n© 2021 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights\\nreserved. (modern)\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180408124317/https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Understand Another Person: A User’s Guide\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"During conversation, you typically formulate a response while the other person is talking. This communication multitasking is helpful to keep a dialogue going.\",\n \"As you know, the multitasking can also get in the way of true understanding, as you are likely to focus more on your response than on what the other is saying.\",\n \"To understand someone more deeply, simply listen without worrying about how you are going to respond. Give them the stage. Take it in. This kind of listening is the key first step to understanding another person.\",\n \"In NLP, second position is the perceptual position of the other person. As you listen, begin to imagine what it is like to be the other person. What is she feeling? What must it be like to be her? What is it like to approach life from her position, as you imagine it?\",\n \"Second position is the source of empathy. The saying goes, “you can’t understand others until you have walked a mile in their shoes.”\",\n \"Taking second position, based on your listening without preparing a response, gives you an idea of what it is like to be the other person – a huge step toward understanding.\",\n \"After listening properly and putting yourself in second position, you can clarify and deepen your understanding by asking intentional questions.\",\n \"To understand another’s internal experience, ask: What do you see in your mind’s eye? What are you feeling? What do you hear inside your mind?\",\n \"To understand someone’s beliefs ask: Why? Why is this the case? Why did you do it? Why is that important to you?\",\n \"The three steps to understanding another person can be recycled many times. Each time you cycle through them, your level of understanding will deepen.\",\n \"You have the power to change someone’s life with these tools. Who in your life needs to be understood by you? We are all craving deeper understanding. Can you imagine the powerful gift you have to offer the people in your life by understanding them more fully?\",\n \"Choose one person in your life and commit to understanding him or her more deeply. It will take your relationship to a whole new level.\",\n \"Mike Bundrant is the author of Your Achilles Eel: Discover and Overcome the Hidden Cause of Negative Emotions, Bad Decisions and Self-Sabotage and co- founder at The iNLP Center which offers online certification in Neuro- Linguistic Programming and life coaching.\",\n \"Last updated: 23 Jun 2013 Views expressed are those solely of the author, not of Psych Central, and have not been reviewed. Originally published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.\",\n \"DNN: I’m such a slacker. One thing I notice is when I keep up to par on my cardiovascular activity and change...\",\n \"Remo: We have to accept our fault and not to play the blame game in any relationship. That’s the key of best...\",\n \"Eric: Hi Mike, thanks for the article. I am wondering what the difference between a HSP a person suffering for...\",\n \"DNN: Narcissists always think they have their tracks covered when they do something. They think they got off the hook...\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Understand Another Person: A User's Guide | NLP Discoveries\\n\\nNeed treatment? Find help or get online counseling right now!\\n\\nHome » Blogs » NLP Discoveries » How to Understand Another Person: A User’s\\nGuide\\n\\n## NLP Discoveries\\n\\n * About the Blog\\n * Archives\\n\\n# How to Understand Another Person: A User’s Guide\\n\\nBy Mike Bundrant ~ 2 min read\\n\\nUnderstanding others is basic to healthy relationships, yet misunderstanding\\nand disconnection from others are the norm.\\n\\nWe need to learn how to understand another person, specifically.\\n\\nThis simple user’s guide has potential to transform your relationships if you\\napply it.\\n\\nLearning how to understand people involves three simple steps. Here they are:\\n\\n### 1\\\\. Listen without preparing a response.\\n\\nUnderstanding people is different than making conversation.\\n\\nDuring conversation, you typically formulate a response while the other person\\nis talking. This communication multitasking is helpful to keep a dialogue\\ngoing.\\n\\nAs you know, the multitasking can also get in the way of true understanding,\\nas you are likely to focus more on your response than on what the other is\\nsaying.\\n\\nTo understand someone more deeply, simply listen without worrying about how\\nyou are going to respond. Give them the stage. Take it in. This kind of\\nlistening is the key first step to understanding another person.\\n\\n### 2\\\\. Put yourself in second position.\\n\\nIn NLP, second position is the perceptual position of the other person. As you\\nlisten, begin to imagine what it is like to be the other person. What is she\\nfeeling? What must it be like to be her? What is it like to approach life from\\nher position, as you imagine it?\\n\\nSecond position is the source of empathy. The saying goes, “you can’t\\nunderstand others until you have walked a mile in their shoes.”\\n\\nTaking second position, based on your listening without preparing a response,\\ngives you an idea of what it is like to be the other person – a huge step\\ntoward understanding.\\n\\n### 3\\\\. Ask intentional questions.\\n\\nAfter listening properly and putting yourself in second position, you can\\nclarify and deepen your understanding by asking intentional questions.\\n\\nHere are some options for asking intentional questions:\\n\\nTo understand another’s internal experience, ask: What do you see in your\\nmind’s eye? What are you feeling? What do you hear inside your mind?\\n\\nTo understand someone’s beliefs ask: Why? Why is this the case? Why did you do\\nit? Why is that important to you?\\n\\nTo understand the details of someone’s context ask: Who? What? When? Where?\\n\\nMost of all, ask questions that come from genuine curiosity after listening\\nand putting yourself in second position.\\n\\nCycle through this process until you understand.\\n\\nThe three steps to understanding another person can be recycled many times.\\nEach time you cycle through them, your level of understanding will deepen.\\n\\n### A personal challenge for you.\\n\\nYou have the power to change someone’s life with these tools. Who in your life\\nneeds to be understood by you? We are all craving deeper understanding. Can\\nyou imagine the powerful gift you have to offer the people in your life by\\nunderstanding them more fully?\\n\\nChoose one person in your life and commit to understanding him or her more\\ndeeply. It will take your relationship to a whole new level.\\n\\nIf you like this article, then like my Facebook Page to keep up with all my\\nwriting.\\n\\nPlease share with your friends:\\n\\n## About Mike Bundrant\\n\\nMike Bundrant is the author of Your Achilles Eel: Discover and Overcome the\\nHidden Cause of Negative Emotions, Bad Decisions and Self-Sabotage and co-\\nfounder at The iNLP Center which offers online certification in Neuro-\\nLinguistic Programming and life coaching.\\n\\nView all posts by Mike Bundrant →\\n\\nOne comment:\\n\\nRelated Content from Our Sponsors\\n\\nAPA Reference Bundrant, M. (2013). How to Understand Another Person: A User’s\\nGuide. Psych Central. Retrieved on April 8, 2018, from\\nhttps://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/\\n\\n> Last updated: 23 Jun 2013 Views expressed are those solely of the author,\\n> not of Psych Central, and have not been reviewed. Originally published on\\n> PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.\\n\\n« Free PsychCentral Webinar: Cultivate Empowering Beliefs\\n\\nPsychCentral Free Webinar Recording for Cultivate Empowering Beliefs »\\n\\n##### Hot Topics Today\\n\\n1\\n\\n#### How To Tame Your Anxious Mind\\n\\n2\\n\\n#### 30 Relationship Destroyers\\n\\n3\\n\\n#### Introverts: We're NOT Just Broken Extroverts\\n\\n4\\n\\n#### Blood Test May Detect Very Early Alzheimer's\\n\\n5\\n\\n#### How to Recover from a Narcissistic Relationship\\n\\n##### Subscribe to This Blog\\n\\nVia RSS feed:\\n\\n##### Most Popular Posts\\n\\n * Three Ways to Deal with Unfair Relationships\\n * Physical Activities That Boost Self-Esteem, According to Research\\n * Happiness is a State of Mind: Here's How to Get There\\n * Three Communication Exercises for Couples Who Want to Improve Their Relationship Quickly\\n * Five Signs You're Living a Mediocre Life\\n\\n##### Recent Comments\\n\\n * DNN: I’m such a slacker. One thing I notice is when I keep up to par on my cardiovascular activity and change...\\n * Remo: We have to accept our fault and not to play the blame game in any relationship. That’s the key of best...\\n * Olive: Heroine addicted?\\n * Eric: Hi Mike, thanks for the article. I am wondering what the difference between a HSP a person suffering for...\\n * DNN: Narcissists always think they have their tracks covered when they do something. They think they got off the hook...\\n\\nHome About Us Ad Choices Advertise with Us Contact Us\\n\\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Use Disclaimer/Disclosure Feeds\\n\\nCrisis Helplines\\n\\nADHD Anxiety Bipolar Depression Schizophrenia Psychotherapy\\n\\nPsych Central Professional Psych Central Blogs Psych Central News\\nPsychological Tests & Quizzes Sanity Score Forums • NeuroTalk\\n\\nCopyright © 1995-2018 Psych Central Site last updated: 08 Apr 2018 Handcrafted\\nwith pride in historic Massachusetts.\\n\\nPsych Central does not provide medical, mental illness, or psychological\\nadvice, diagnosis or treatment. Learn more.\\n\\n128\\n\\nmbundrant\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211126113736/https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Understanding Other People (for Teens)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Imagine yourself in this situation: A friend asks you to a party. You learn that all the girls in your group were invited — except for Paula. How do you think Paula will feel if she finds out?\",\n \"You probably came up with your answer by putting yourself in Paula's shoes and imagining how you'd feel. Most people in this situation will feel some or all of emotions A through D: angry, sad, hurt, and excluded. It's not as likely that someone who is left out will feel confused, nervous, embarrassed, or indifferent.\",\n \"Being able to predict how other people might feel is a part of emotional intelligence (EQ for short). It's a skill we can all develop with practice.\",\n \"When we understand how other people are likely to feel, it can guide our interactions with them. For example, in the party example above, what if Paula asks: \\\"Are you going to Regan's party?\\\" Knowing that she wasn't invited probably influences how you respond. You might say (or avoid saying!) any of the following:\",\n \"A. \\\"Yes, I'm going — are you?\\\" B. \\\"Yes, I'm going. I feel awkward telling you. Is it true she didn't invite you?\\\" C. \\\"Yes, everyone's going!\\\" D. \\\"Of course I'm going! It's going to be the best party of the whole year!\\\" E. \\\"Yes. I'm sorry you weren't invited. I don't think Regan meant to hurt your feelings, I heard her parents only allowed her to ask a few people.\\\"\",\n \"If you didn't know Paula wasn't invited, you might answer with A, C, or D. Because you know the full story, though, you're more likely to consider Paula's feelings and answer with B or E. Answers C and D are the kinds of things you say when you know for sure the other person has been invited.\",\n \"Sometimes you get more information about a situation from what a person doesn't say: Part of emotional intelligence is reading the signals people send and taking them into account.\",\n \"Let's say Paula approaches you, looking upset. She asks: \\\"Are you going to Regan's party on Saturday?\\\" Her emotional signals (body language, facial expression) clue you in that Paula knows she wasn't invited. In that situation, you might still answer with option A, but you'd probably be more likely to choose B or E.\",\n \"But what if Paula approaches you looking cheerful and says: \\\"Hey, I heard Regan is having a party this weekend. Are you going?\\\" Based on her body language, you might conclude, \\\"Oh, she doesn't know and she's expecting an invite.\\\"\",\n \"If you have good EQ, you probably feel conflicted about telling Paula you're going to the party when you know she's the only one who's not invited. Even though it's up to Paula to manage her own emotions, you probably feel empathy for her. You know that how you respond can help her feel supported or make her feel worse, so you choose your words accordingly.\",\n \"The skill of understanding others helps us predict what people might feel in a certain situation, but it also allows us to make sense of how people react.\",\n \"In homeroom at 8 a.m., your friend is smiling, friendly, and full of energy. Later that afternoon, he looks upset, almost like he might cry. Which explanation is your best guess for what might have happened between these two times?\",\n \"A. He had a fight with his girlfriend at lunch, and now they're not talking. B. He passed the 4th period algebra exam. C. He just found out he didn't make the final cut for varsity basketball. D. The chemistry teacher assigned a lot of homework. E. He probably just had a bad day.\",\n \"You likely ruled out option B instantly: Emotional intelligence tells you that your friend's reaction looks more like failing an exam than passing. If your friend had a bad day or a lot of homework (options D or E), he might seem stressed out, tired, or worn down — but he probably wouldn't be on the verge of tears. Ruling out those options lets you zero in on what's most likely to be upsetting your friend: options A or C.\",\n \"People who are skilled at understanding others imagine another person's feelings (\\\"I think he'll feel awful if I say that to him\\\"). They are able to relate to how that person reacts to things (\\\"Oh, I completely get why she got angry like that. No wonder!\\\"). Understanding how others feel, act, and react helps us build better relationships.\",\n \"It's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some people are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with practice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.\",\n \"If you see someone trip and fall, you probably wince — ouch! — as if it happened to you. We have a natural tendency to sense what other people feel just by watching them. Scientists think there's a biological reason for this. They believe that brain cells called \\\"mirror neurons\\\" activate in the same way whether we do something ourselves or watch another person do it.\",\n \"Look at people's expressions and body language. Next time you're at the mall, in the coffee shop, or on the subway or bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident — or stressed? What about the guy with his eyes closed? Is he feeling peaceful? Tired? Upset?\",\n \"Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.\",\n \"People who are good at understanding others are usually good listeners. Research shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person feels with the person who is talking. This produces a feeling of bonding and closeness.\",\n \"Most of us rate ourselves as good listeners — after all, listening seems like such a simple, basic thing to do. But often we're so busy thinking of what we want to say that we don't listen as much as we'd like. Here are some ways to build good listening skills:\",\n \"Practice listening well in everyday conversations. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying. Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.\",\n \"Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience, like: \\\"Oh, that must have felt amazing!\\\" or, \\\"That must be upsetting for you.\\\" You'll probably notice that you feel closer, more \\\"in sync\\\" with the person. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.\",\n \"Take time to listen to someone in depth. Interview a friend or family member about a special time in his or her life. For example, ask your parents about their wedding day or get your grandparents to tell you about having their first child. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.\",\n \"After building your skills in understanding others, how do you use that knowledge? If you're like most people, you use it to help and support the people you care about. This is compassion, and compassion helps us form relationships. Try these three ways to be more compassionate:\",\n \"Ask others what they need. If a friend is going through a difficult time, ask what you can do to help. If your friend says, \\\"I don't know,\\\" think about what you'd want in the same situation, then offer to do something similar.\",\n \"Show a sincere interest in others. Be curious about the people you know — not in a nosy or fake way, but in a way that shows you want to understand them a little better. For example, ask about the kinds of things they like to do, or about their feelings, ideas, and opinions.\",\n \"Act with kindness. When you hear gossip, ridicule, or unkind teasing, make it your first reaction to imagine how it would feel to be on the receiving end. That can help you tune in to other people's feelings and refuse to join in.\",\n \"Even small acts of compassion can build positive social connections (try saying \\\"hi\\\" to someone who is sitting alone at lunch and see how it makes you feel). Scientists now know that strong social connections influence our health, happiness, and even how long we live.\",\n \"Note: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Understanding Other People (for Teens) - Nemours KidsHealth\\n\\n[Skip to Content]\\n\\nFind care at Nemours Children's HealthDoctorsLocations\\n\\n# Understanding Other People\\n\\nReviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD\\n\\n * Listen\\n\\nmp3\\n\\n * Print\\n\\nen español Comprender a los demás\\n\\n### Predicting Feelings\\n\\nImagine yourself in this situation: A friend asks you to a party. You learn\\nthat all the girls in your group were invited — except for Paula. How do you\\nthink Paula will feel if she finds out?\\n\\nA. angry B. sad C. hurt D. excluded E. confused F. nervous G. embarrassed H.\\nindifferent\\n\\nYou probably came up with your answer by putting yourself in Paula's shoes and\\nimagining how you'd feel. Most people in this situation will feel some or all\\nof emotions A through D: angry, sad, hurt, and excluded. It's not as likely\\nthat someone who is left out will feel confused, nervous, embarrassed, or\\nindifferent.\\n\\nBeing able to predict how other people might feel is a part of emotional\\nintelligence (EQ for short). It's a skill we can all develop with practice.\\n\\nWhen we understand how other people are likely to feel, it can guide our\\ninteractions with them. For example, in the party example above, what if Paula\\nasks: \\\"Are you going to Regan's party?\\\" Knowing that she wasn't invited\\nprobably influences how you respond. You might say (or avoid saying!) any of\\nthe following:\\n\\nA. \\\"Yes, I'm going — are you?\\\" B. \\\"Yes, I'm going. I feel awkward telling you.\\nIs it true she didn't invite you?\\\" C. \\\"Yes, everyone's going!\\\" D. \\\"Of course\\nI'm going! It's going to be the best party of the whole year!\\\" E. \\\"Yes. I'm\\nsorry you weren't invited. I don't think Regan meant to hurt your feelings, I\\nheard her parents only allowed her to ask a few people.\\\"\\n\\nIf you didn't know Paula wasn't invited, you might answer with A, C, or D.\\nBecause you know the full story, though, you're more likely to consider\\nPaula's feelings and answer with B or E. Answers C and D are the kinds of\\nthings you say when you know for sure the other person has been invited.\\n\\n###### p\\n\\n### Reading Body Language\\n\\nSometimes you get more information about a situation from what a person\\ndoesn't say: Part of emotional intelligence is reading the signals people send\\nand taking them into account.\\n\\nLet's say Paula approaches you, looking upset. She asks: \\\"Are you going to\\nRegan's party on Saturday?\\\" Her emotional signals (body language, facial\\nexpression) clue you in that Paula knows she wasn't invited. In that\\nsituation, you might still answer with option A, but you'd probably be more\\nlikely to choose B or E.\\n\\nBut what if Paula approaches you looking cheerful and says: \\\"Hey, I heard\\nRegan is having a party this weekend. Are you going?\\\" Based on her body\\nlanguage, you might conclude, \\\"Oh, she doesn't know and she's expecting an\\ninvite.\\\"\\n\\nIf you have good EQ, you probably feel conflicted about telling Paula you're\\ngoing to the party when you know she's the only one who's not invited. Even\\nthough it's up to Paula to manage her own emotions, you probably feel empathy\\nfor her. You know that how you respond can help her feel supported or make her\\nfeel worse, so you choose your words accordingly.\\n\\n### Making Sense of Reactions\\n\\nThe skill of understanding others helps us predict what people might feel in a\\ncertain situation, but it also allows us to make sense of how people react.\\n\\nFor example:\\n\\nIn homeroom at 8 a.m., your friend is smiling, friendly, and full of energy.\\nLater that afternoon, he looks upset, almost like he might cry. Which\\nexplanation is your best guess for what might have happened between these two\\ntimes?\\n\\nA. He had a fight with his girlfriend at lunch, and now they're not talking.\\nB. He passed the 4th period algebra exam. C. He just found out he didn't make\\nthe final cut for varsity basketball. D. The chemistry teacher assigned a lot\\nof homework. E. He probably just had a bad day.\\n\\nYou likely ruled out option B instantly: Emotional intelligence tells you that\\nyour friend's reaction looks more like failing an exam than passing. If your\\nfriend had a bad day or a lot of homework (options D or E), he might seem\\nstressed out, tired, or worn down — but he probably wouldn't be on the verge\\nof tears. Ruling out those options lets you zero in on what's most likely to\\nbe upsetting your friend: options A or C.\\n\\nPeople who are skilled at understanding others imagine another person's\\nfeelings (\\\"I think he'll feel awful if I say that to him\\\"). They are able to\\nrelate to how that person reacts to things (\\\"Oh, I completely get why she got\\nangry like that. No wonder!\\\"). Understanding how others feel, act, and react\\nhelps us build better relationships.\\n\\n###### P\\n\\n### How to Build This Skill\\n\\nIt's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some\\npeople are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with\\npractice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.\\n\\n#### It Starts With Watching\\n\\nIf you see someone trip and fall, you probably wince — ouch! — as if it\\nhappened to you. We have a natural tendency to sense what other people feel\\njust by watching them. Scientists think there's a biological reason for this.\\nThey believe that brain cells called \\\"mirror neurons\\\" activate in the same way\\nwhether we do something ourselves or watch another person do it.\\n\\nTry these ways to develop your observation skills:\\n\\n * Look at people's expressions and body language. Next time you're at the mall, in the coffee shop, or on the subway or bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident — or stressed? What about the guy with his eyes closed? Is he feeling peaceful? Tired? Upset?\\n * Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.\\n\\n#### It Improves With Listening\\n\\nPeople who are good at understanding others are usually good listeners.\\nResearch shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person\\nfeels with the person who is talking. This produces a feeling of bonding and\\ncloseness.\\n\\nMost of us rate ourselves as good listeners — after all, listening seems like\\nsuch a simple, basic thing to do. But often we're so busy thinking of what we\\nwant to say that we don't listen as much as we'd like. Here are some ways to\\nbuild good listening skills:\\n\\n * Practice listening well in everyday conversations. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying. Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.\\n * Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience, like: \\\"Oh, that must have felt amazing!\\\" or, \\\"That must be upsetting for you.\\\" You'll probably notice that you feel closer, more \\\"in sync\\\" with the person. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.\\n * Take time to listen to someone in depth. Interview a friend or family member about a special time in his or her life. For example, ask your parents about their wedding day or get your grandparents to tell you about having their first child. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.\\n\\n###### p\\n\\n### Turning Understanding Into Compassion\\n\\nAfter building your skills in understanding others, how do you use that\\nknowledge? If you're like most people, you use it to help and support the\\npeople you care about. This is compassion, and compassion helps us form\\nrelationships. Try these three ways to be more compassionate:\\n\\n 1. Ask others what they need. If a friend is going through a difficult time, ask what you can do to help. If your friend says, \\\"I don't know,\\\" think about what you'd want in the same situation, then offer to do something similar.\\n 2. Show a sincere interest in others. Be curious about the people you know — not in a nosy or fake way, but in a way that shows you want to understand them a little better. For example, ask about the kinds of things they like to do, or about their feelings, ideas, and opinions.\\n 3. Act with kindness. When you hear gossip, ridicule, or unkind teasing, make it your first reaction to imagine how it would feel to be on the receiving end. That can help you tune in to other people's feelings and refuse to join in.\\n\\nEven small acts of compassion can build positive social connections (try\\nsaying \\\"hi\\\" to someone who is sitting alone at lunch and see how it makes you\\nfeel). Scientists now know that strong social connections influence our\\nhealth, happiness, and even how long we live.\\n\\nReviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD\\n\\n## More on this topic for:\\n\\n * Talking to Your Parents or Other Adults\\n * I Hurt My Friends' Feelings. What Should I Do?\\n * Am I in a Healthy Relationship?\\n * Understanding Your Emotions\\n * Emotional Intelligence\\n\\n/content/kidshealth/misc/medicalcodes/teens/articles/understanding-others\\n\\nNote: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For\\nspecific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.\\n\\n© 1995-2021 The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.\\n\\nImages provided by The Nemours Foundation, iStock, Getty Images, Veer,\\nShutterstock, and Clipart.com.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418183107/https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Mindfulness and Meditation Can Make You a Nicer Person, Study Says\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Mindfulness — the practice of staying attuned to what’s happening in the present moment — is a bonafide health trend right now, and for good reason. Research suggests it can reduce stress, help with problem drinking, lower blood sugar levels and help people succeed at work. Now, according to a new study, it may even help you become a nicer person.\",\n \"The research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that mindfulness training inspired people to be kinder and more empathetic to a stranger who had been ostracized during a simulated online scenario.\",\n \"“When people witness someone being victimized, it’s really common for us to get distressed by it,” says study author Daniel Berry, an assistant professor of psychology at California State University San Marcos. But that distress doesn’t always translate into empathy. “Sometimes that upset is displaced so that we’re not feeling upset for the other person; we’re just feeling negatively,” Berry explains. “When that happens, people actually tend to turn away from the person in need.”\",\n \"In the study, “the folks who received mindfulness instruction seem to be better at regulating their emotions...allowing them to be present for the strangers they were witnessing being victimized.”\",\n \"For your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered. Click the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our newsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check your spam folder.\",\n \"The study consisted of four experiments, each with roughly 100-150 people enrolled. In most experiments, about half of the group was led through an audio-recorded guided meditation meant to help them stay present, while the others either received no training or an attention-focused audio training. Next, people played a computer game in which four characters, including one controlled by the person in the study, tossed balls back and forth. Study participants were told that each character was controlled by a person — but in reality, all of the other characters were automated.\",\n \"In the first phase of the game, the computer was programmed to exclude one player after they received two tosses, leaving them to stand by and watch as the others played out the rest of the round. The goal of the study, Berry explains, was to see how people responded to the exclusion of a stranger, and to determine whether mindfulness changed their reactions in any way.\",\n \"The researchers observed marked increases in empathetic behavior among players who did mindfulness training before beginning the game, compared to people who did attention training or no training at all, Berry says. While everyone in the study was able to identify the ostracized character, players who had undergone mindfulness training showed more concern for that person and were more likely to compensate for their exclusion with extra tosses during the next round, or with kind words in a post-game follow-up email.\",\n \"“All four studies seemed to converge to suggest that they felt concern for the person in need, rather than feeling outraged at the people who were perpetrating the victimization,” Berry says. “They weren’t feeling negatively for themselves. They were specifically concerned for the other person, and this was specific to the mindfulness condition.”\",\n \"While the findings can’t be extrapolated beyond online scenarios, Berry says past research has shown that mindfulness can increase kindness during in- person interactions as well. Why the practice is so powerful isn’t totally clear, but Berry says it may have something to do with how it “starkly contrasts our everyday ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.”\",\n \"“Most of the time, we operate on automatic pilot without much awareness of what we are doing, why we are doing it or how our thoughts, feelings and other external stimuli are influencing our behavior,” Berry says. “I think training in mindfulness can break us from this automatic way of thinking about others and widen our circles for whom we show kindness.”\",\n \"© 2021 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy (Your California Privacy Rights) and Do Not Sell My Personal Information. TIME may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy Terms of Service apply.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Mindfulness and Meditation Can Make You a Nicer Person, Study Says | Time\\n\\n# This One Thing Makes You a Nicer Person\\n\\nBethan Mooney for TIME\\n\\nBy Jamie Ducharme\\n\\nJanuary 11, 2018 8:00 AM EST\\n\\nMindfulness — the practice of staying attuned to what’s happening in the\\npresent moment — is a bonafide health trend right now, and for good reason.\\nResearch suggests it can reduce stress, help with problem drinking, lower\\nblood sugar levels and help people succeed at work. Now, according to a new\\nstudy, it may even help you become a nicer person.\\n\\nThe research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that\\nmindfulness training inspired people to be kinder and more empathetic to a\\nstranger who had been ostracized during a simulated online scenario.\\n\\n“When people witness someone being victimized, it’s really common for us to\\nget distressed by it,” says study author Daniel Berry, an assistant professor\\nof psychology at California State University San Marcos. But that distress\\ndoesn’t always translate into empathy. “Sometimes that upset is displaced so\\nthat we’re not feeling upset for the other person; we’re just feeling\\nnegatively,” Berry explains. “When that happens, people actually tend to turn\\naway from the person in need.”\\n\\nIn the study, “the folks who received mindfulness instruction seem to be\\nbetter at regulating their emotions...allowing them to be present for the\\nstrangers they were witnessing being victimized.”\\n\\n### Get our Health Newsletter. Sign up to receive the latest health and\\nscience news, plus answers to wellness questions and expert tips.\\n\\n## Thank you!\\n\\nFor your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered.\\nClick the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our\\nnewsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check\\nyour spam folder.\\n\\nThe study consisted of four experiments, each with roughly 100-150 people\\nenrolled. In most experiments, about half of the group was led through an\\naudio-recorded guided meditation meant to help them stay present, while the\\nothers either received no training or an attention-focused audio training.\\nNext, people played a computer game in which four characters, including one\\ncontrolled by the person in the study, tossed balls back and forth. Study\\nparticipants were told that each character was controlled by a person — but in\\nreality, all of the other characters were automated.\\n\\nIn the first phase of the game, the computer was programmed to exclude one\\nplayer after they received two tosses, leaving them to stand by and watch as\\nthe others played out the rest of the round. The goal of the study, Berry\\nexplains, was to see how people responded to the exclusion of a stranger, and\\nto determine whether mindfulness changed their reactions in any way.\\n\\nThe researchers observed marked increases in empathetic behavior among players\\nwho did mindfulness training before beginning the game, compared to people who\\ndid attention training or no training at all, Berry says. While everyone in\\nthe study was able to identify the ostracized character, players who had\\nundergone mindfulness training showed more concern for that person and were\\nmore likely to compensate for their exclusion with extra tosses during the\\nnext round, or with kind words in a post-game follow-up email.\\n\\nMORE: How Meditation Helps You Handle Stress Better\\n\\n“All four studies seemed to converge to suggest that they felt concern for the\\nperson in need, rather than feeling outraged at the people who were\\nperpetrating the victimization,” Berry says. “They weren’t feeling negatively\\nfor themselves. They were specifically concerned for the other person, and\\nthis was specific to the mindfulness condition.”\\n\\nWhile the findings can’t be extrapolated beyond online scenarios, Berry says\\npast research has shown that mindfulness can increase kindness during in-\\nperson interactions as well. Why the practice is so powerful isn’t totally\\nclear, but Berry says it may have something to do with how it “starkly\\ncontrasts our everyday ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.”\\n\\n“Most of the time, we operate on automatic pilot without much awareness of\\nwhat we are doing, why we are doing it or how our thoughts, feelings and other\\nexternal stimuli are influencing our behavior,” Berry says. “I think training\\nin mindfulness can break us from this automatic way of thinking about others\\nand widen our circles for whom we show kindness.”\\n\\nSubscribe to TIME\\n\\nWrite to Jamie Ducharme at jamie.ducharme@time.com.\\n\\n### SHARE THIS STORY\\n\\n## Read More From TIME\\n\\n## Related Stories\\n\\nRead Next\\n\\nHow Companies Teach Their Employees First Aid for Mental Health\\n\\nNext Up: Editor's Pick\\n\\nWhat America's Richest Ski Town's Handling of COVID-19 Shows\\n\\nEDIT POST\\n\\nYou have reached your limit of 4 free articles.\\n\\nGet unlimited access to TIME.com. Subscribe for just 99¢.\\n\\nSubscribe Now\\n\\nAlready a print subscriber? Go here to link your subscription.\\n\\nNeed help? Visit our Help Center.\\n\\nThank you for reading TIME. You have a limited number of free articles.\\n\\nYou have 3 free articles left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\\n\\nYou have 2 free articles left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\\n\\nYou have 1 free article left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\\n\\nThis is your last free article. Subscribe for just 99¢.\\n\\nSubscribe Subscribe Now\\n\\n© 2021 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes\\nacceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy (Your California Privacy\\nRights) and Do Not Sell My Personal Information. TIME may receive compensation\\nfor some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject\\nto change without notice. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google\\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Service apply.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628170156/https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Stanford study: You'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a few things in common\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Two experiments showed that having just a few things in common – like a favorite author or musician – was enough to make someone feel the stress and anxiety that a new acquaintance was suffering. The research shows how inclined people are to form close bonds.\",\n \"When something is wrong with my baby Something is wrong with me. And if I know she's worried Then I would feel that same misery.\",\n \"With those four lines and a soulful melody, the rhythm and blues duo Sam and Dave summed up on a 1967 album what social scientists have since proven in several controlled laboratory experiments: When the person we love hurts, we hurt too.\",\n \"But how intense is our emotional – and physiological – connection to someone we've just met? Can a stranger's stress make us anxious? And can a new acquaintance really make our hearts go pitter-patter?\",\n \"In a set of experiments, the researchers found that when two people share just a few things in common, one can take on the feelings and physical reactions of the other who has been placed in an uncomfortable situation.\",\n \"\\\"When people have longstanding relationships, they have shared experiences and overlapping social networks,\\\" said Greg Walton, an assistant professor of psychology. \\\"But we found that even when you strip those things away and create a sense of social connection in a lab with a five-minute conversation, that's sufficient to build a relationship where you care about someone.\\\"\",\n \"In the first experiment, 70 women filled out a questionnaire asking them to list their birthplace and a few of their favorite things – such as books, movies, musicians and travel destinations.\",\n \"Each woman was later introduced to a confederate – a person working for the researchers but posing as a fellow test subject. In a brief conversation with the test subject, the confederate pretended to have a few things in common with some of the women but nothing in common with the others.\",\n \"The women in the first group were made to feel like they just met someone who shared an interest in something rare or unusual, like an esoteric author or an underground rock band.\",\n \"The confederate was told that her role in the study was to memorize and deliver a speech on neurophysiology to a panel of judges. As the participant watched, the confederate acted anxious and nervous, saying things like \\\"I'm really bad at giving speeches\\\" and asking if she would be evaluated on her performance.\",\n \"\\\"We had the confederate act really freaked out,\\\" said David Cwir, a doctoral candidate at the University of Waterloo and lead author of the paper.\",\n \"The test subjects who believed they had three things in common with the confederate and felt a sense of kinship with her reported a 28 percent increase in stress over the subjects who had no shared interests with the imposter.\",\n \"\\\"The test subjects literally incorporated the feelings of the confederate into their own feelings,\\\" Cwir said. \\\"Just by finding out they shared a few things in common was enough to create this psychological and emotional merging.\\\"\",\n \"The second experiment was staged in the same way, but included 45 men and women. Instead of having the confederate prepare a stressful speech, she ran in place for three minutes while the test subjects sat in a chair and watched.\",\n \"After the exercise routine left the confederate sweaty and breathless, the participants had their own vital signs measured. Those who believed they had some interests in common with the confederate had more than a 5 percent increase in their heart rates. And their blood pressure went up almost 9 percent from the start of the study.\",\n \"Heart rates hardly budged among those who felt no connection to the confederate, and their blood pressure rose only about 4 percent.\",\n \"\\\"It is surprising that we found these reactions happening between strangers,\\\" said Priyanka Carr, a doctoral candidate at Stanford who conducted the second experiment. \\\"But it shows that we're built to connect with other people. Our selves are not isolated from everyone around us. We're meant to have relationships, to feel what our partners feel.\\\"\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Stanford study: You'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a few\\nthings in common\\n\\nStanford Report, February 11, 2011\\n\\n# Cupid can help, but you'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a\\nfew things in common, according to Stanford study\\n\\nTwo experiments showed that having just a few things in common – like a\\nfavorite author or musician – was enough to make someone feel the stress and\\nanxiety that a new acquaintance was suffering. The research shows how inclined\\npeople are to form close bonds.\\n\\nBy Adam Gorlick\\n\\nL.A. Cicero\\n\\nAssistant Professor of Psychology Greg Walton\\n\\nWhen something is wrong with my baby Something is wrong with me. And if I know\\nshe's worried Then I would feel that same misery.\\n\\nWith those four lines and a soulful melody, the rhythm and blues duo Sam and\\nDave summed up on a 1967 album what social scientists have since proven in\\nseveral controlled laboratory experiments: When the person we love hurts, we\\nhurt too.\\n\\nBut how intense is our emotional – and physiological – connection to someone\\nwe've just met? Can a stranger's stress make us anxious? And can a new\\nacquaintance really make our hearts go pitter-patter?\\n\\nTurns out they can, say Stanford psychologists.\\n\\nIn a set of experiments, the researchers found that when two people share just\\na few things in common, one can take on the feelings and physical reactions of\\nthe other who has been placed in an uncomfortable situation.\\n\\nTheir findings are slated for publication in an upcoming edition of the\\nJournal of Experimental Social Psychology.\\n\\n\\\"When people have longstanding relationships, they have shared experiences and\\noverlapping social networks,\\\" said Greg Walton, an assistant professor of\\npsychology. \\\"But we found that even when you strip those things away and\\ncreate a sense of social connection in a lab with a five-minute conversation,\\nthat's sufficient to build a relationship where you care about someone.\\\"\\n\\nIn the first experiment, 70 women filled out a questionnaire asking them to\\nlist their birthplace and a few of their favorite things – such as books,\\nmovies, musicians and travel destinations.\\n\\nEach woman was later introduced to a confederate – a person working for the\\nresearchers but posing as a fellow test subject. In a brief conversation with\\nthe test subject, the confederate pretended to have a few things in common\\nwith some of the women but nothing in common with the others.\\n\\nThe women in the first group were made to feel like they just met someone who\\nshared an interest in something rare or unusual, like an esoteric author or an\\nunderground rock band.\\n\\nThe confederate was told that her role in the study was to memorize and\\ndeliver a speech on neurophysiology to a panel of judges. As the participant\\nwatched, the confederate acted anxious and nervous, saying things like \\\"I'm\\nreally bad at giving speeches\\\" and asking if she would be evaluated on her\\nperformance.\\n\\n\\\"We had the confederate act really freaked out,\\\" said David Cwir, a doctoral\\ncandidate at the University of Waterloo and lead author of the paper.\\n\\nAt the same time, the test subjects answered questionnaires to gauge how\\nstressed they felt at the moment.\\n\\nThe test subjects who believed they had three things in common with the\\nconfederate and felt a sense of kinship with her reported a 28 percent\\nincrease in stress over the subjects who had no shared interests with the\\nimposter.\\n\\n\\\"The test subjects literally incorporated the feelings of the confederate into\\ntheir own feelings,\\\" Cwir said. \\\"Just by finding out they shared a few things\\nin common was enough to create this psychological and emotional merging.\\\"\\n\\nThe second experiment was staged in the same way, but included 45 men and\\nwomen. Instead of having the confederate prepare a stressful speech, she ran\\nin place for three minutes while the test subjects sat in a chair and watched.\\n\\nAfter the exercise routine left the confederate sweaty and breathless, the\\nparticipants had their own vital signs measured. Those who believed they had\\nsome interests in common with the confederate had more than a 5 percent\\nincrease in their heart rates. And their blood pressure went up almost 9\\npercent from the start of the study.\\n\\nHeart rates hardly budged among those who felt no connection to the\\nconfederate, and their blood pressure rose only about 4 percent.\\n\\n\\\"It is surprising that we found these reactions happening between strangers,\\\"\\nsaid Priyanka Carr, a doctoral candidate at Stanford who conducted the second\\nexperiment. \\\"But it shows that we're built to connect with other people. Our\\nselves are not isolated from everyone around us. We're meant to have\\nrelationships, to feel what our partners feel.\\\"\\n\\n## Media Contact\\n\\nAdam Gorlick, Stanford News Service: (650) 725-0224, agorlick@stanford.edu\\n\\n## Related To This Story\\n\\n * Research paper\\n * Greg Walton\\n * Priyanka Carr\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416114715/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"You’ve talked to a cute barista at your favorite coffee shop for months, but you only see her when she’s working.\",\n \"A lot of men bemoan the less-than-robust nature of their romantic and social lives, but the truth is, they haven’t done much to change them. These men are reactive instead of proactive, hoping that someone else will make the first move instead. Yet other people are in the very same passive mindset. Thus, nobody gets together with anybody!\",\n \"If you want to make progress in your social life, it’s up to you to break this stalemate by taking the initiative yourself. You do that by inviting people you want to get to know better to do things — to go on a date or hang out.\",\n \"Of course, the reason the majority of people don’t take the initiative is that doing so is risky — you worry your invitations will come out weird and that your friendly entreaties will be rejected. Fortunately, it’s easy to make invitations in ways that significantly reduce any potential awkwardness, and greatly increase their chances of being accepted.\",\n \"Keep a dual perspective. Don’t assume people share all your interests, and simply invite them to do something you think is fun. Instead, find out what activities they like, and invite them to do something you both enjoy. By maintaining this “dual perspective,” you’ll be more likely to get a yes.\",\n \"Be specific and direct. How many times do you run into an acquaintance and the conversation ends with this exchange: “We should hang out sometime,” followed by their response, “Yeah definitely.” Of course, neither one of you sees the other until you randomly run into each other again, only to repeat your vague intentions of getting together “sometime.”\",\n \"Instead of making hazy, indefinite invitations, be specific and direct. Ask someone if they want to do X activity, at X place, on X day, at X time. Ask a yes or no question, and get a yes or no answer.\",\n \"“Many people (and I am one) feel embarrassed at responding, ‘No I’m not doing anything at all.’ And having said that, some feel resentful at being put into the position of having to either agree to the proposal, offer another, or say in effect that they’d rather do nothing than be with you.”\",\n \"On the romantic front, instead of asking someone out to dinner, ask if she’ll join you for coffee. A coffee date is accordion-like in its structure: if it goes poorly, you can keep it short and depart after 20 minutes or so. If it goes very well, you can expand it further and ask if she’d like to go do something else. “What’s the rest of your morning look like? Do you want to go check out the farmer’s market?”\",\n \"Sound casual. The tone of your invitation will influence its recipient’s response. The sound of anxiety and desperation reads as low status; it sends a visceral signal that you’re going to be a negative burden in their life rather than a positive asset.\",\n \"[Said with worried expression and serious tone] “I really enjoyed meeting you. It’s been so hard to make friends here. I’m sure you’re busy, but, um . . . I was just wondering if you’d like to, um, go cycling sometime? I really feel like we could be good friends.”\",\n \"[Said with smile and casual tone] “It was great talking to you tonight. You mentioned wanting to cycle the Evergreen Trail sometime. Do you want to meet up Saturday morning to ride it together?”\",\n \"Don’t imbue your invitations with heavy, life or death stakes. Keep ’em light, casual, and confident. Your tone should be: “I think you’d have fun doing this. But if you don’t want to go, that’s okay by me. No big deal.”\",\n \"If you get a no . . . What if you follow the tips above, but the person still says no to your invitation?\",\n \"If he or she says no, but proposes another time — “I can’t make it this Saturday, but how about the next?” — then they likely reciprocate your interest (platonic or romantic) in getting to know each other better.\",\n \"If they say they can’t make it, but don’t propose another time, then they’re not likely interested in hanging out.\",\n \"Still, try extending an invitation again a few weeks later. If you get the same response (a no without an attempt to propose another time), then you can feel more certain that they’re not interested.\",\n \"There are exceptions of course, and the firmness of this guideline applies more to asking for dates (it’s essentially the Brad Pitt rule) than asking platonic acquaintances to hang out. In the latter case, if you keep running into each other and having good conversations in which the other person expresses what seems like sincere interest in hanging out, you might consider extending a third or even fourth invite. Well spaced out, of course. Some people are just flaky, and really poor initiative takers, or just passing through a busy phase in their lives, and need multiple invitations before they’ll say yes. (Of course, if they start off very flaky, that’s likely how they’ll always be, which, even if you become better friends, may prove hard to accept!) Read their tone, and parse their words, in deciding how persistent to be.\",\n \"If you determine that that particular person doesn’t wish to hang out, no worries. Now that you know how to make non-awkward, easily accepted invitations, you can start regularly offering them to the many other fish in the sea!\",\n \"The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.\",\n \"We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward | Art of Manliness\\n\\nMenu podcast\\n\\n * Accessories\\n * Shaving\\n * Style\\n\\nHow to Tie a TieHow to Clean a Baseball CapHere’s What Happened When I Wore a\\nTie to Work Every Day for a YearHow to Make a Leather Belt\\n\\nHow To Shave Like Your Grandpa Using a Safety RazorHow to Trim Your Mustache:\\nAn Illustrated GuideHow to Grow a Handlebar MustacheHow to Treat a Shaving Cut\\n\\nChukka Boots: The FAQThe Best Damn Guide to Men’s T-Shirts on the Internet10\\nThings Your Father Should Have Taught You About StyleIf/How to Wear a Suit\\nWithout a Tie\\n\\nBrowse all Style & Grooming\\n\\n * College\\n * Entrepreneurship\\n * Networking\\n * Personal Finance\\n * So You Want My Job\\n\\nPodcast #449: Faster and Cheaper Alternatives to CollegeSaving for Your Kids’\\nCollege Education: A Primer on the 529Podcast #385: Learning How to LearnHow\\nto Write the Perfect College Application Essay\\n\\nHow to Pursue a New Career (While Still Getting the Bills Paid)So You (Or Your\\nWife) Wants to Join a Multi-Level Marketing CompanyPodcast #175: How to\\nImprove Your Work and Life With Systems10 Tips for Successfully Working from\\nHome\\n\\nPodcast #403: A Better Way to Network#393: The Importance of Building Your\\nSocial CapitalMaking Introductions: The FAQsHow to Contact a Busy Person\\n\\n11 Personal Finance Goals for Your 20sPodcast #659: Do You Want to Be Rich or\\nWealthy? (And Why the Difference Matters)8 Personal Finance Lessons from\\nBenjamin FranklinPodcast #605: The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now\\n\\nSo You Want My Job: Stay-at-Home DadSo You Want My Trade: Concrete MasonSo You\\nWant My Trade: Elevator MechanicSo You Want My Trade: Automotive\\nMechanic/Technician\\n\\nBrowse all Money & Career\\n\\n * Fitness\\n * Nutrition\\n * Sports\\n * Wellness\\n\\nPodcast #415: Forging Mental Strength Through Physical StrengthThe Steve\\nMcQueen WorkoutThe Gas Station Ready WorkoutThe Case for Not Listening to\\nMusic When You Work Out\\n\\nPodcast #475: How to Lose Weight, and Keep It Off ForeverPodcast #608: How\\nCaffeine Hooks, Hurts, and Helps UsReady, Set, Fast: How Strategic Meal-\\nSkipping Can Help You Lose Fat, Gain Muscle, and Get HealthierHow to Make Pine\\nNeedle Tea\\n\\nThe 10 Physical Skills Every Man Should MasterRelax These 2 Body Parts to Run\\nFarther and FasterBoys, Ferocity, Frontiers, and SportsHow to Tape an Ankle\\n\\nHow to Sauna: All the FAQsHow Saunas Can Help Save Your Body, Mind, and\\nSpiritPodcast #678: Physical Benchmarks Every Man Should Meet, At Every AgeHow\\nto Tame the Dad Sneeze\\n\\nBrowse all Health & Sports\\n\\n * Dating\\n * Etiquette\\n * Fatherhood\\n * Friendship\\n * Social Skills\\n\\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\\nAccount7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\\nGalHow to Write a Love LetterPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through\\nHuman Hacking\\n\\nThe Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy NoteThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions\\nNever to AskA Man Is Punctual: The Importance of Being on TimeHow to Acquire\\nGood Manners\\n\\nThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human\\nHacking30+ Tricks, Games, and Stunts to Entertain Your Kids on Long, Dark\\nWinter NightsPodcast #665: How Childhood Shapes Adulthood\\n\\nPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human HackingPodcast #670: The\\nHidden Tragedy of Male LonelinessThe 3 Reasons Friendships EndThe Best Way to\\nMake and Keep Friendships in Adulthood\\n\\nThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions Never to AskPodcast #680: Influence and\\nPersuade Through Human HackingSunday Firesides: Don’t Confuse Niceness With\\nKindnessPodcast #462: How to Tell Better Stories\\n\\nBrowse all Relationships & Family\\n\\nin: Featured, Relationships & Family\\n\\nBrett and Kate McKay • October 9, 2017 • Last updated: September 5, 2020\\n\\n# How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward About It\\n\\nYou’ve talked to a cute barista at your favorite coffee shop for months, but\\nyou only see her when she’s working.\\n\\nYou’ve become good buddies with a guy at work, but you’ve never hung out with\\nhim outside the office.\\n\\nYou really enjoy chatting with a dude at church, but you’ve never moved beyond\\nmaking small talk on Sundays.\\n\\nA lot of men bemoan the less-than-robust nature of their romantic and social\\nlives, but the truth is, they haven’t done much to change them. These men are\\nreactive instead of proactive, hoping that someone else will make the first\\nmove instead. Yet other people are in the very same passive mindset. Thus,\\nnobody gets together with anybody!\\n\\nIf you want to make progress in your social life, it’s up to you to break this\\nstalemate by taking the initiative yourself. You do that by inviting people\\nyou want to get to know better to do things — to go on a date or hang out.\\n\\nOf course, the reason the majority of people don’t take the initiative is that\\ndoing so is risky — you worry your invitations will come out weird and that\\nyour friendly entreaties will be rejected. Fortunately, it’s easy to make\\ninvitations in ways that significantly reduce any potential awkwardness, and\\ngreatly increase their chances of being accepted.\\n\\nJust follow these tips Alan Garner lays out in Conversationally Speaking:\\n\\nKeep a dual perspective. Don’t assume people share all your interests, and\\nsimply invite them to do something you think is fun. Instead, find out what\\nactivities they like, and invite them to do something you both enjoy. By\\nmaintaining this “dual perspective,” you’ll be more likely to get a yes.\\n\\nBe specific and direct. How many times do you run into an acquaintance and the\\nconversation ends with this exchange: “We should hang out sometime,” followed\\nby their response, “Yeah definitely.” Of course, neither one of you sees the\\nother until you randomly run into each other again, only to repeat your vague\\nintentions of getting together “sometime.”\\n\\nInstead of making hazy, indefinite invitations, be specific and direct. Ask\\nsomeone if they want to do X activity, at X place, on X day, at X time. Ask a\\nyes or no question, and get a yes or no answer.\\n\\nDon’t ask: “Are you doing anything Saturday night?” Garner explains why:\\n\\n> “Many people (and I am one) feel embarrassed at responding, ‘No I’m not\\n> doing anything at all.’ And having said that, some feel resentful at being\\n> put into the position of having to either agree to the proposal, offer\\n> another, or say in effect that they’d rather do nothing than be with you.”\\n\\nStart small. People are more likely to say yes to an invitation that requires\\na minimal commitment. So instead of inviting someone to an elaborate, multi-\\nhour affair, propose meeting up at the gym for a workout or for drinks after\\nwork.\\n\\nOn the romantic front, instead of asking someone out to dinner, ask if she’ll\\njoin you for coffee. A coffee date is accordion-like in its structure: if it\\ngoes poorly, you can keep it short and depart after 20 minutes or so. If it\\ngoes very well, you can expand it further and ask if she’d like to go do\\nsomething else. “What’s the rest of your morning look like? Do you want to go\\ncheck out the farmer’s market?”\\n\\nSound casual. The tone of your invitation will influence its recipient’s\\nresponse. The sound of anxiety and desperation reads as low status; it sends a\\nvisceral signal that you’re going to be a negative burden in their life rather\\nthan a positive asset.\\n\\nTo which of these invitations would you respond more positively:\\n\\n 1. [Said with worried expression and serious tone] “I really enjoyed meeting you. It’s been so hard to make friends here. I’m sure you’re busy, but, um . . . I was just wondering if you’d like to, um, go cycling sometime? I really feel like we could be good friends.”\\n 2. [Said with smile and casual tone] “It was great talking to you tonight. You mentioned wanting to cycle the Evergreen Trail sometime. Do you want to meet up Saturday morning to ride it together?”\\n\\nDon’t imbue your invitations with heavy, life or death stakes. Keep ’em light,\\ncasual, and confident. Your tone should be: “I think you’d have fun doing\\nthis. But if you don’t want to go, that’s okay by me. No big deal.”\\n\\nIf you get a no . . . What if you follow the tips above, but the person still\\nsays no to your invitation?\\n\\nIf he or she says no, but proposes another time — “I can’t make it this\\nSaturday, but how about the next?” — then they likely reciprocate your\\ninterest (platonic or romantic) in getting to know each other better.\\n\\nIf they say they can’t make it, but don’t propose another time, then they’re\\nnot likely interested in hanging out.\\n\\nStill, try extending an invitation again a few weeks later. If you get the\\nsame response (a no without an attempt to propose another time), then you can\\nfeel more certain that they’re not interested.\\n\\nThere are exceptions of course, and the firmness of this guideline applies\\nmore to asking for dates (it’s essentially the Brad Pitt rule) than asking\\nplatonic acquaintances to hang out. In the latter case, if you keep running\\ninto each other and having good conversations in which the other person\\nexpresses what seems like sincere interest in hanging out, you might consider\\nextending a third or even fourth invite. Well spaced out, of course. Some\\npeople are just flaky, and really poor initiative takers, or just passing\\nthrough a busy phase in their lives, and need multiple invitations before\\nthey’ll say yes. (Of course, if they start off very flaky, that’s likely how\\nthey’ll always be, which, even if you become better friends, may prove hard to\\naccept!) Read their tone, and parse their words, in deciding how persistent to\\nbe.\\n\\nIf you determine that that particular person doesn’t wish to hang out, no\\nworries. Now that you know how to make non-awkward, easily accepted\\ninvitations, you can start regularly offering them to the many other fish in\\nthe sea!\\n\\n### Related Articles\\n\\nPrevious Next\\n\\nNever miss an update\\n\\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\\n\\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\\n\\nJoin the Strenuous Life\\n\\nLearn More\\n\\nNever miss an update\\n\\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\\n\\nPodcast #700\\n\\n###### The Life and Afterlife of Harry Houdini\\n\\nPodcast #699\\n\\n###### The No-Nonsense Guide to Simplifying Every Aspect of Your Life\\n\\nPodcast #698\\n\\n###### The Secrets of Public Speaking From History’s Greatest Orators\\n\\nPodcast #697\\n\\n###### Social Psychology Won’t Save Us\\n\\nView all\\n\\nRelated\\n\\nArticles///\\n\\n### 20 Aphorisms That I Thought Were Dumb as a Boy But Now Appreciate as a\\nGrown Man\\n\\n### Chukka Boots: The FAQ\\n\\n### The Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy Note\\n\\n### How to Give and Take Criticism like a Man\\n\\nView all\\n\\nTake action today\\n\\nJoin The Strenuous Life\\n\\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\\n\\n * Contact\\n * Legal\\n * About\\n * All Topics\\n * Archives\\n\\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\\nAoM.\\n\\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\\nit.OkPrivacy policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20220107035831/https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Empathy Definition\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The term “empathy” is used to describe a wide range of experiences. Emotion researchers generally define empathy as the ability to sense other people’s emotions, coupled with the ability to imagine what someone else might be thinking or feeling.\",\n \"Contemporary researchers often differentiate between two types of empathy: “Affective empathy” refers to the sensations and feelings we get in response to others’ emotions; this can include mirroring what that person is feeling, or just feeling stressed when we detect another’s fear or anxiety. “Cognitive empathy,” sometimes called “perspective taking,” refers to our ability to identify and understand other people’s emotions. Studies suggest that people with autism spectrum disorders have a hard time empathizing.\",\n \"Empathy seems to have deep roots in our brains and bodies, and in our evolutionary history. Elementary forms of empathy have been observed in our primate relatives, in dogs, and even in rats. Empathy has been associated with two different pathways in the brain, and scientists have speculated that some aspects of empathy can be traced to mirror neurons, cells in the brain that fire when we observe someone else perform an action in much the same way that they would fire if we performed that action ourselves. Research has also uncovered evidence of a genetic basis to empathy, though studies suggest that people can enhance (or restrict) their natural empathic abilities.\",\n \"Having empathy doesn’t necessarily mean we’ll want to help someone in need, though it’s often a vital first step toward compassionate action.\",\n \"For more: Read Frans de Waal’s essay on “The Evolution of Empathy” and Daniel Goleman’s overview of different forms of empathy, drawing on the work of Paul Ekman.\",\n \"Empathy is a building block of morality—for people to follow the Golden Rule, it helps if they can put themselves in someone else’s shoes. It is also a key ingredient of successful relationships because it helps us understand the perspectives, needs, and intentions of others. Here are some of the ways that research has testified to the far-reaching importance of empathy.\",\n \"Seminal studies by Daniel Batson and Nancy Eisenberg have shown that people higher in empathy are more likely to help others in need, even when doing so cuts against their self-interest.\",\n \"Empathy reduces prejudice and racism: In one study, white participants made to empathize with an African American man demonstrated less racial bias afterward.\",\n \"Empathy is good for your marriage: Research suggests being able to understand your partner’s emotions deepens intimacy and boosts relationship satisfaction; it’s also fundamental to resolving conflicts. (The GGSC’s Christine Carter has written about effective strategies for developing and expressing empathy in relationships.)\",\n \"Empathy reduces bullying: Studies of Mary Gordon’s innovative Roots of Empathy program have found that it decreases bullying and aggression among kids, and makes them kinder and more inclusive toward their peers. An unrelated study found that bullies lack “affective empathy” but not cognitive empathy, suggesting that they know how their victims feel but lack the kind of empathy that would deter them from hurting others.\",\n \"Empathy reduces suspensions: In one study, students of teachers who participated in an empathy training program were half as likely to be suspended, compared to students of teachers who didn’t participate.\",\n \"Empathy promotes heroic acts: A seminal study by Samuel and Pearl Oliner found that people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust had been encouraged at a young age to take the perspectives of others.\",\n \"Empathy fights inequality. As Robert Reich and Arlie Hochschild have argued, empathy encourages us to reach out and want to help people who are not in our social group, even those who belong to stigmatized groups, like the poor. Conversely, research suggests that inequality can reduce empathy: People show less empathy when they attain higher socioeconomic status.\",\n \"Empathy is good for the office: Managers who demonstrate empathy have employees who are sick less often and report greater happiness.\",\n \"Empathy is good for health care: A large-scale study found that doctors high in empathy have patients who enjoy better health; other research suggests training doctors to be more empathic improves patient satisfaction and the doctors’ own emotional well-being.\",\n \"Empathy is good for police: Research suggests that empathy can help police officers increase their confidence in handling crises, diffuse crises with less physical force, and feel less distant from the people they’re dealing with.\",\n \"Humans experience affective empathy from infancy, physically sensing their caregivers’ emotions and often mirroring those emotions. Cognitive empathy emerges later in development, around three to four years of age, roughly when children start to develop an elementary “theory of mind”—that is, the understanding that other people experience the world differently than they do.\",\n \"From these early forms of empathy, research suggests we can develop more complex forms that go a long way toward improving our relationships and the world around us. Here are some specific, science-based activities for cultivating empathy from our site Greater Good in Action:\",\n \"Active listening: Express active interest in what the other person has to say and make him or her feel heard.\",\n \"Shared identity: Think of a person who seems to be very different from you, and then list what you have in common.\",\n \"Put a human face on suffering: When reading the news, look for profiles of specific individuals and try to imagine what their lives have been like.\",\n \"Focus your attention outwards: Being mindfully aware of your surroundings, especially the behaviors and expressions of other people, is crucial for empathy. Indeed, research suggests practicing mindfulness helps us take the perspectives of other people yet not feel overwhelmed when we encounter their negative emotions.\",\n \"Get out of your own head: Research shows we can increase our own level of empathy by actively imagining what someone else might be experiencing.\",\n \"Don’t jump to conclusions about others: We feel less empathy when we assume that people suffering are somehow getting what they deserve.\",\n \"Show empathic body language: Empathy is expressed not just by what we say, but by our facial expressions, posture, tone of voice, and eye contact (or lack thereof).\",\n \"Meditate: Neuroscience research by Richard Davidson and his colleagues suggests that meditation—specifically loving-kindness meditation, which focuses attention on concern for others—might increase the capacity for empathy among short-term and long-term meditators alike (though especially among long-time meditators).\",\n \"Explore imaginary worlds: Research by Keith Oatley and colleagues has found that people who read fiction are more attuned to others’ emotions and intentions.\",\n \"Play games: Neuroscience research suggests that when we compete against others, our brains are making a “mental model” of the other person’s thoughts and intentions.\",\n \"Take lessons from babies: Mary Gordon’s Roots of Empathy program is designed to boost empathy by bringing babies into classrooms, stimulating children’s basic instincts to resonate with others’ emotions.\",\n \"Combat inequality: Research has shown that attaining higher socioeconomic status diminishes empathy, perhaps because people of high SES have less of a need to connect with, rely on, or cooperate with others. As the gap widens between the haves and have-nots, we risk facing an empathy gap as well. This doesn’t mean money is evil, but if you have a lot of it, you might need to be more intentional about maintaining your own empathy toward others.\",\n \"Pay attention to faces: Pioneering research by Paul Ekman has found we can improve our ability to identify other people’s emotions by systematically studying facial expressions. Take our Emotional Intelligence Quiz for a primer, or check out Ekman’s F.A.C.E. program for more rigorous training.\",\n \"Believe that empathy can be learned: People who think their empathy levels are changeable put more effort into being empathic, listening to others, and helping, even when it’s challenging.\",\n \"For more: The Ashoka Foundation’s Start Empathy initiative tracks educators’ best practices for teaching empathy. The initiative gave awards to 14 programs judged to do the best job at educating for empathy. The nonprofit Playworks also offers eight strategies for developing empathy in children.\",\n \"According to research, we’re more likely to help a single sufferer than a large group of faceless victims, and we empathize more with in-group members than out-group members. Does this reflect a defect in empathy itself? Some critics believe so, while others argue that the real problem is how we suppress our own empathy.\",\n \"Empathy, after all, can be painful. An “empathy trap” occurs when we’re so focused on feeling what others are feeling that we neglect our own emotions and needs—and other people can take advantage of this. Doctors and caregivers are at particular risk of feeling emotionally overwhelmed by empathy.\",\n \"In other cases, empathy seems to be detrimental. Empathizing with out-groups can make us more reluctant to engage with them, if we imagine that they’ll be critical of us. Sociopaths could use cognitive empathy to help them exploit or even torture people.\",\n \"Even if we are well-intentioned, we tend to overestimate our empathic skills. We may think we know the whole story about other people when we’re actually making biased judgments—which can lead to misunderstandings and exacerbate prejudice.\",\n \"* #### The Relation of Empathy to Prosocial and Related Behaviors\\nThe relationship between empathy and prosocial behaviors, which are behaviors like helping and sharing done to...\",\n \"* #### Is Empathic Emotion a Source of Altruistic Motivation?\\nA look at whether empathy causes an altruistic desire to help rather than an egotistical one.\",\n \"What does your best possible self look like? Our guest tries a practice in optimism by imagining her brightest future.\",\n \"Become a subscribing member today. Help us continue to bring “the science of a meaningful life” to you and to millions around the globe.\",\n \"The Greater Good Science Center studies the psychology, sociology, and neuroscience of well-being, and teaches skills that foster a thriving, resilient, and compassionate society.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Empathy Definition | What Is Empathy\\n\\nSKIP TO: Header | Log in | Register | Navigation | Main Content | Footer\\n\\nGreater Good Science Center • Magazine • In Action • In Education\\n\\nSign up for our newsletters\\n\\nGreater Good Magazine\\n\\nDonate\\n\\nnav menu\\n\\nScroll To Top\\n\\n# Empathy Defined\\n\\n## What is Empathy?\\n\\nThe term “empathy” is used to describe a wide range of experiences. Emotion\\nresearchers generally define empathy as the ability to sense other people’s\\nemotions, coupled with the ability to imagine what someone else might be\\nthinking or feeling.\\n\\nContemporary researchers often differentiate between two types of empathy:\\n“Affective empathy” refers to the sensations and feelings we get in response\\nto others’ emotions; this can include mirroring what that person is feeling,\\nor just feeling stressed when we detect another’s fear or anxiety. “Cognitive\\nempathy,” sometimes called “perspective taking,” refers to our ability to\\nidentify and understand other people’s emotions. Studies suggest that people\\nwith autism spectrum disorders have a hard time empathizing.\\n\\nEmpathy seems to have deep roots in our brains and bodies, and in our\\nevolutionary history. Elementary forms of empathy have been observed in our\\nprimate relatives, in dogs, and even in rats. Empathy has been associated with\\ntwo different pathways in the brain, and scientists have speculated that some\\naspects of empathy can be traced to mirror neurons, cells in the brain that\\nfire when we observe someone else perform an action in much the same way that\\nthey would fire if we performed that action ourselves. Research has also\\nuncovered evidence of a genetic basis to empathy, though studies suggest that\\npeople can enhance (or restrict) their natural empathic abilities.\\n\\nHaving empathy doesn’t necessarily mean we’ll want to help someone in need,\\nthough it’s often a vital first step toward compassionate action.\\n\\nFor more: Read Frans de Waal’s essay on “The Evolution of Empathy” and Daniel\\nGoleman’s overview of different forms of empathy, drawing on the work of Paul\\nEkman.\\n\\n##### What are the Limitations?\\n\\n * #### When Empathy Hurts, Compassion Can Heal\\n\\nBy Adam Hoffman\\n\\nA new neuroscientific study shows that compassion training can help us cope\\nwith other...\\n\\n * #### Does Empathy Reduce Prejudice—or Promote It?\\n\\nBy Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton\\n\\nRodolfo Mendoza-Denton explains how to make sense of conflicting scientific\\nevidence.\\n\\n * #### How to Avoid the Empathy Trap\\n\\nBy Robin Stern, Diana Divecha\\n\\nDo you prioritize other people's feelings over your own? You might be falling\\ninto the...\\n\\n### Featured Articles\\n\\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\\n\\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\\n16, 2021\\n\\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\\nthis past year.\\n\\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\\n\\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\\n\\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\\nor nostalgia.\\n\\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\\n\\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\\n\\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\\nwith strong character and compassion.\\n\\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\\n\\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\\n\\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\\ndown, pause, reflect.\\n\\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\\n\\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\\n\\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\\n\\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\\n\\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\\nAugust 26, 2021\\n\\nOur contributors award \\\"Greater Goodies\\\" to the TV shows that helped them to\\nget through the pandemic.\\n\\n## Why Practice It?\\n\\nEmpathy is a building block of morality—for people to follow the Golden Rule,\\nit helps if they can put themselves in someone else’s shoes. It is also a key\\ningredient of successful relationships because it helps us understand the\\nperspectives, needs, and intentions of others. Here are some of the ways that\\nresearch has testified to the far-reaching importance of empathy.\\n\\n * Seminal studies by Daniel Batson and Nancy Eisenberg have shown that people higher in empathy are more likely to help others in need, even when doing so cuts against their self-interest.\\n * Empathy is contagious: When group norms encourage empathy, people are more likely to be empathic—and more altruistic.\\n * Empathy reduces prejudice and racism: In one study, white participants made to empathize with an African American man demonstrated less racial bias afterward.\\n * Empathy is good for your marriage: Research suggests being able to understand your partner’s emotions deepens intimacy and boosts relationship satisfaction; it’s also fundamental to resolving conflicts. (The GGSC’s Christine Carter has written about effective strategies for developing and expressing empathy in relationships.)\\n * Empathy reduces bullying: Studies of Mary Gordon’s innovative Roots of Empathy program have found that it decreases bullying and aggression among kids, and makes them kinder and more inclusive toward their peers. An unrelated study found that bullies lack “affective empathy” but not cognitive empathy, suggesting that they know how their victims feel but lack the kind of empathy that would deter them from hurting others.\\n * Empathy reduces suspensions: In one study, students of teachers who participated in an empathy training program were half as likely to be suspended, compared to students of teachers who didn’t participate.\\n * Empathy promotes heroic acts: A seminal study by Samuel and Pearl Oliner found that people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust had been encouraged at a young age to take the perspectives of others.\\n * Empathy fights inequality. As Robert Reich and Arlie Hochschild have argued, empathy encourages us to reach out and want to help people who are not in our social group, even those who belong to stigmatized groups, like the poor. Conversely, research suggests that inequality can reduce empathy: People show less empathy when they attain higher socioeconomic status.\\n * Empathy is good for the office: Managers who demonstrate empathy have employees who are sick less often and report greater happiness.\\n * Empathy is good for health care: A large-scale study found that doctors high in empathy have patients who enjoy better health; other research suggests training doctors to be more empathic improves patient satisfaction and the doctors’ own emotional well-being.\\n * Empathy is good for police: Research suggests that empathy can help police officers increase their confidence in handling crises, diffuse crises with less physical force, and feel less distant from the people they’re dealing with.\\n\\nFor more: Learn about why we should teach empathy to preschoolers.\\n\\n### Featured Articles\\n\\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\\n\\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\\n16, 2021\\n\\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\\nthis past year.\\n\\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\\n\\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\\n\\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\\nor nostalgia.\\n\\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\\n\\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\\n\\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\\nwith strong character and compassion.\\n\\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\\n\\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\\n\\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\\ndown, pause, reflect.\\n\\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\\n\\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\\n\\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\\n\\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\\n\\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\\nAugust 26, 2021\\n\\nOur contributors award \\\"Greater Goodies\\\" to the TV shows that helped them to\\nget through the pandemic.\\n\\n## How Do I Cultivate It?\\n\\nHumans experience affective empathy from infancy, physically sensing their\\ncaregivers’ emotions and often mirroring those emotions. Cognitive empathy\\nemerges later in development, around three to four years of age, roughly when\\nchildren start to develop an elementary “theory of mind”—that is, the\\nunderstanding that other people experience the world differently than they do.\\n\\nFrom these early forms of empathy, research suggests we can develop more\\ncomplex forms that go a long way toward improving our relationships and the\\nworld around us. Here are some specific, science-based activities for\\ncultivating empathy from our site Greater Good in Action:\\n\\n * Active listening: Express active interest in what the other person has to say and make him or her feel heard.\\n * Shared identity: Think of a person who seems to be very different from you, and then list what you have in common.\\n * Put a human face on suffering: When reading the news, look for profiles of specific individuals and try to imagine what their lives have been like.\\n * Eliciting altruism: Create reminders of connectedness.\\n\\nAnd here are some of the keys that researchers have identified for nurturing\\nempathy in ourselves and others:\\n\\n * Focus your attention outwards: Being mindfully aware of your surroundings, especially the behaviors and expressions of other people, is crucial for empathy. Indeed, research suggests practicing mindfulness helps us take the perspectives of other people yet not feel overwhelmed when we encounter their negative emotions.\\n * Get out of your own head: Research shows we can increase our own level of empathy by actively imagining what someone else might be experiencing.\\n * Don’t jump to conclusions about others: We feel less empathy when we assume that people suffering are somehow getting what they deserve.\\n * Show empathic body language: Empathy is expressed not just by what we say, but by our facial expressions, posture, tone of voice, and eye contact (or lack thereof).\\n * Meditate: Neuroscience research by Richard Davidson and his colleagues suggests that meditation—specifically loving-kindness meditation, which focuses attention on concern for others—might increase the capacity for empathy among short-term and long-term meditators alike (though especially among long-time meditators).\\n * Explore imaginary worlds: Research by Keith Oatley and colleagues has found that people who read fiction are more attuned to others’ emotions and intentions.\\n * Join the band: Recent studies have shown that playing music together boosts empathy in kids.\\n * Play games: Neuroscience research suggests that when we compete against others, our brains are making a “mental model” of the other person’s thoughts and intentions.\\n * Take lessons from babies: Mary Gordon’s Roots of Empathy program is designed to boost empathy by bringing babies into classrooms, stimulating children’s basic instincts to resonate with others’ emotions.\\n * Combat inequality: Research has shown that attaining higher socioeconomic status diminishes empathy, perhaps because people of high SES have less of a need to connect with, rely on, or cooperate with others. As the gap widens between the haves and have-nots, we risk facing an empathy gap as well. This doesn’t mean money is evil, but if you have a lot of it, you might need to be more intentional about maintaining your own empathy toward others.\\n * Pay attention to faces: Pioneering research by Paul Ekman has found we can improve our ability to identify other people’s emotions by systematically studying facial expressions. Take our Emotional Intelligence Quiz for a primer, or check out Ekman’s F.A.C.E. program for more rigorous training.\\n * Believe that empathy can be learned: People who think their empathy levels are changeable put more effort into being empathic, listening to others, and helping, even when it’s challenging.\\n\\nFor more: The Ashoka Foundation’s Start Empathy initiative tracks educators’\\nbest practices for teaching empathy. The initiative gave awards to 14 programs\\njudged to do the best job at educating for empathy. The nonprofit Playworks\\nalso offers eight strategies for developing empathy in children.\\n\\n### What Are the Pitfalls and Limitations of Empathy?\\n\\nAccording to research, we’re more likely to help a single sufferer than a\\nlarge group of faceless victims, and we empathize more with in-group members\\nthan out-group members. Does this reflect a defect in empathy itself? Some\\ncritics believe so, while others argue that the real problem is how we\\nsuppress our own empathy.\\n\\nEmpathy, after all, can be painful. An “empathy trap” occurs when we’re so\\nfocused on feeling what others are feeling that we neglect our own emotions\\nand needs—and other people can take advantage of this. Doctors and caregivers\\nare at particular risk of feeling emotionally overwhelmed by empathy.\\n\\nIn other cases, empathy seems to be detrimental. Empathizing with out-groups\\ncan make us more reluctant to engage with them, if we imagine that they’ll be\\ncritical of us. Sociopaths could use cognitive empathy to help them exploit or\\neven torture people.\\n\\nEven if we are well-intentioned, we tend to overestimate our empathic skills.\\nWe may think we know the whole story about other people when we’re actually\\nmaking biased judgments—which can lead to misunderstandings and exacerbate\\nprejudice.\\n\\n### Featured Articles\\n\\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\\n\\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\\n16, 2021\\n\\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\\nthis past year.\\n\\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\\n\\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\\n\\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\\nor nostalgia.\\n\\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\\n\\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\\n\\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\\nwith strong character and compassion.\\n\\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\\n\\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\\n\\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\\ndown, pause, reflect.\\n\\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\\n\\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\\n\\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\\n\\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\\n\\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\\nAugust 26, 2021\\n\\nOur contributors award \\\"Greater Goodies\\\" to the TV shows that helped them to\\nget through the pandemic.\\n\\n * ### Related Articles\\n\\n * ## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\\n\\nDecember 16, 2021\\n\\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\\nthis past year.\\n\\nView More Articles\\n\\n * ### Empathy Quiz\\n\\nHow well do you feel and understand what others are feeling?\\n\\nTake the Quiz\\n\\n * More Books\\n\\n * #### The Neurodevelopment of Empathy in Humans\\n\\nDecety argues that empathy involves multiple components including affective\\narousal, emotion understanding, and...\\n\\n * #### The Relation of Empathy to Prosocial and Related Behaviors\\n\\nThe relationship between empathy and prosocial behaviors, which are behaviors\\nlike helping and sharing done to...\\n\\n * #### Is Empathic Emotion a Source of Altruistic Motivation?\\n\\nA look at whether empathy causes an altruistic desire to help rather than an\\negotistical one.\\n\\nMore Studies\\n\\n * ### Six Ways to Be a Better Listener\\n\\nHere are the do's and don'ts of good active listening.\\n\\n * ### Episode 108: The Case for Believing in Yourself\\n\\nWhat does your best possible self look like? Our guest tries a practice in\\noptimism by imagining her brightest future.\\n\\n * ### Keys to Well-Being\\n\\n * Altruism\\n * Awe\\n * Compassion\\n * Empathy\\n * Diversity\\n * Forgiveness\\n * Gratitude\\n * Happiness\\n * Mindfulness\\n * Purpose\\n * Social Connection\\n\\n#### This article — and everything on this site — is funded by readers like\\nyou.\\n\\nBecome a subscribing member today. Help us continue to bring “the science of a\\nmeaningful life” to you and to millions around the globe.\\n\\nGive Now\\n\\nThe Greater Good Science Center studies the psychology, sociology, and\\nneuroscience of well-being, and teaches skills that foster a thriving,\\nresilient, and compassionate society.\\n\\nBerkeley: University of California\\n\\n© 2022 The Greater Good Science Center at the University of California,\\nBerkeley\\n\\nDeveloped by Hop Studios Hop Studios\\n\\nDesigned by Project6 Project6\\n\\nAccessibility | Nondiscrimination | Privacy Policy\\n\\n * Twitter\\n * Facebook\\n * YouTube\\n * LinkedIn\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416181931/https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Better Understand Your Partner\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"All of us want to be seen, heard and understood. We especially want this from our partners. We want our partners to say, Yes, I am listening. Yes, I get it. Yes, I understand your pain. I’m sorry it hurts, and I am here. We want our partners to be interested in and to care about what’s happening inside our hearts.\",\n \"In fact, one of the most common complaints relationship therapist Rebecca Wong, LCSW, hears from her clients is that they don’t feel this from their partners — even though it’s powerful and vital for healthy relationships. “Feeling seen, heard and understood leads to deeper intimacy and relational growth.” When we don’t have this, we feel rejected and like we don’t matter, which can fracture our relationship over time, she said.\",\n \"There’s a pervasive (inaccurate) belief that understanding our partners means that we must agree with them. But as Wong said, “you can totally disagree.” Instead, understanding simply means listening to our partners fully and intently. It means absorbing what they’re saying. It means saying to your partner, “I think I’m understanding you. But let me check: What you are saying is...” It means staying with this process “until your partner has no need to further clarify their perspective, because they know you get it. Even if you don’t agree, you get it.”\",\n \"When your partner is talking, you don’t need to do anything, said Wong, the founder of the research-based practice Connectfulness. You don’t need to try to fix the situation or make things better. “Your only role is to be another being for your partner to share their human experience with.”\",\n \"“Seek first to understand, then to be understood,” Wong said. Try not to formulate your responses as you’re listening to your partner. This only keeps you from deeply digesting what they’re saying, and hinders true understanding. “When your partner feels understood, they will naturally reciprocate with curiosity about what you think and feel and you’ll have an opening to share your perspective.”\",\n \"“[Defensiveness and complaints] are toxic relationship patterns that prevent you from really connecting intimately,” Wong said. When someone critiques and complains, they inadvertently put their partner on the defensive, she said. It communicates to your partner that “it’s not me, it’s you.”\",\n \"“So the trick there is to take some responsibility, even a small iota, a weensy tidbit — ‘I can see your point, I did say that I would...I need to...” It’s also helpful to tell your partner how you’re feeling and what you need. (More on that below.)\",\n \"Interestingly, understanding our partners also involves understanding ourselves. “It’s hard to manage all the stuff that bubbles up and gets in the way of simply listening when you have a ton of feelings and needs prickling at you,” Wong said.\",\n \"That’s why it’s important to slow down and spend some time connecting to your own feelings and needs. Wong suggested being honest with your partner when you need to do that: “I want to understand you but I need to sit with myself first, can you give me __ time?” “That will feel better to your partner than not being understood.”\",\n \"To tune into your feelings and needs, pay attention to your bodily sensations. This helps you identify what’s happening to you internally, so you can then share it with your partner, she said. For instance, you might consider: “Does the hair on the back of your neck or arms prickle up? Is your heart racing? Do you feel flushed? Can you mindfully slow down your breath? What do you need to feel calmer, soothed and more secure?”\",\n \"Understanding our partners requires patience on our part. It requires that we pause and don’t interrupt our partner or start formulating responses in our minds. It requires us to turn our full attention toward them. This isn’t easy. And it takes practice. But it also gives our partners a beautiful gift: the gift of being seen for who they are and what they need.\",\n \"Here's everything you might want to know about depression, including diagnosis and symptoms, types, causes, treatments, or how to help someone with...\",\n \"Inside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches psychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...\",\n \"At last count, there were over 300 mental health-related apps in the app stores. With this many, how do you choose? How do they differ from each other,\",\n \"Many believe that forensic science is an exact science that can always find the right perpetrator. But is that actually true? Today’s guest explains...\",\n \"At PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying diverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented in...\",\n \"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a wide range of symptoms, but there are also a variety of treatment options to help manage those...\",\n \"What is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely react to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.\",\n \"© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\",\n \"© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Better Understand Your Partner\\n\\n# How to Better Understand Your Partner\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Margarita\\nTartakovsky, MS on March 11, 2016\\n\\nAll of us want to be seen, heard and understood. We especially want this from\\nour partners. We want our partners to say, Yes, I am listening. Yes, I get it.\\nYes, I understand your pain. I’m sorry it hurts, and I am here. We want our\\npartners to be interested in and to care about what’s happening inside our\\nhearts.\\n\\nWanting to be seen and heard and understood are basic human needs.\\n\\nIn fact, one of the most common complaints relationship therapist Rebecca\\nWong, LCSW, hears from her clients is that they don’t feel this from their\\npartners — even though it’s powerful and vital for healthy relationships.\\n“Feeling seen, heard and understood leads to deeper intimacy and relational\\ngrowth.” When we don’t have this, we feel rejected and like we don’t matter,\\nwhich can fracture our relationship over time, she said.\\n\\nThere’s a pervasive (inaccurate) belief that understanding our partners means\\nthat we must agree with them. But as Wong said, “you can totally disagree.”\\nInstead, understanding simply means listening to our partners fully and\\nintently. It means absorbing what they’re saying. It means saying to your\\npartner, “I think I’m understanding you. But let me check: What you are saying\\nis...” It means staying with this process “until your partner has no need to\\nfurther clarify their perspective, because they know you get it. Even if you\\ndon’t agree, you get it.”\\n\\nBelow, Wong shared suggestions on how we can “get it” and better understand\\nour partners.\\n\\nBe fully present.\\n\\nWhen your partner is talking, you don’t need to do anything, said Wong, the\\nfounder of the research-based practice Connectfulness. You don’t need to try\\nto fix the situation or make things better. “Your only role is to be another\\nbeing for your partner to share their human experience with.”\\n\\nUnderstand first.\\n\\n“Seek first to understand, then to be understood,” Wong said. Try not to\\nformulate your responses as you’re listening to your partner. This only keeps\\nyou from deeply digesting what they’re saying, and hinders true understanding.\\n“When your partner feels understood, they will naturally reciprocate with\\ncuriosity about what you think and feel and you’ll have an opening to share\\nyour perspective.”\\n\\nAvoid complaints and defensiveness.\\n\\n“[Defensiveness and complaints] are toxic relationship patterns that prevent\\nyou from really connecting intimately,” Wong said. When someone critiques and\\ncomplains, they inadvertently put their partner on the defensive, she said. It\\ncommunicates to your partner that “it’s not me, it’s you.”\\n\\n“So the trick there is to take some responsibility, even a small iota, a\\nweensy tidbit — ‘I can see your point, I did say that I would...I need to...”\\nIt’s also helpful to tell your partner how you’re feeling and what you need.\\n(More on that below.)\\n\\nManage your own stuff.\\n\\nInterestingly, understanding our partners also involves understanding\\nourselves. “It’s hard to manage all the stuff that bubbles up and gets in the\\nway of simply listening when you have a ton of feelings and needs prickling at\\nyou,” Wong said.\\n\\nThat’s why it’s important to slow down and spend some time connecting to your\\nown feelings and needs. Wong suggested being honest with your partner when you\\nneed to do that: “I want to understand you but I need to sit with myself\\nfirst, can you give me __ time?” “That will feel better to your partner than\\nnot being understood.”\\n\\nTo tune into your feelings and needs, pay attention to your bodily sensations.\\nThis helps you identify what’s happening to you internally, so you can then\\nshare it with your partner, she said. For instance, you might consider: “Does\\nthe hair on the back of your neck or arms prickle up? Is your heart racing? Do\\nyou feel flushed? Can you mindfully slow down your breath? What do you need to\\nfeel calmer, soothed and more secure?”\\n\\nUnderstanding our partners requires patience on our part. It requires that we\\npause and don’t interrupt our partner or start formulating responses in our\\nminds. It requires us to turn our full attention toward them. This isn’t easy.\\nAnd it takes practice. But it also gives our partners a beautiful gift: the\\ngift of being seen for who they are and what they need.\\n\\nCouple talking photo available from Shutterstock\\n\\nLast medically reviewed on March 11, 2016\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Margarita\\nTartakovsky, MS on March 11, 2016\\n\\n## RELATED\\n\\n * Depression\\n\\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\\n\\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Are Mental Health Apps Safe?\\n\\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Psychology of Forensics\\n\\n * Your Voice Matters Here\\n\\n### Read this next\\n\\n * Depression\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Francis Kuehnle, MSN, RN-BC\\n\\nHere's everything you might want to know about depression, including diagnosis\\nand symptoms, types, causes, treatments, or how to help someone with...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\\n\\nInside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches\\npsychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Are Mental Health Apps Safe?\\n\\nAt last count, there were over 300 mental health-related apps in the app\\nstores. With this many, how do you choose? How do they differ from each other,\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Psychology of Forensics\\n\\nMany believe that forensic science is an exact science that can always find\\nthe right perpetrator. But is that actually true? Today’s guest explains...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Your Voice Matters Here\\n\\nAt PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying\\ndiverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented\\nin...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Treatment of ADHD in Children and Teens\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Matthew Boland, PhD\\n\\nAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a wide range of symptoms,\\nbut there are also a variety of treatment options to help manage those...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * How to Taper Off Opioids Successfully\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Alyssa Peckham, PharmD, BCPP\\n\\nWhether you're taking opioids for pain or have opioid use disorder,\\nsuccessfully tapering off opioids is possible. Here's how.\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * 10 FAQs About Bipolar Disorder\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD, CRNP, ACRN, CPH\\n\\nOur experts answer candid questions about bipolar disorder (formerly manic\\ndepression) to enlighten, encourage, and dispel any myths.\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Resources for Coping with the Coronavirus (COVID-19)\\n\\nLooking for more resources, articles, and ideas to help you cope with the\\nanxiety, fear and stress of dealing\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * What Is Your Emotional Type Quiz\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Vara Saripalli, PsyD\\n\\nWhat is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely\\nreact to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Newsletters\\n * Find a therapist\\n * Contact Us\\n * Advertising Policy\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Do Not Sell My Info\\n * Privacy Settings\\n * © 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\\n\\n© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\\nPsych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\\nadditional information.\\n\\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\\n\\nOUR BRANDS\\n\\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":378,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":9181408,"string":"9,181,408"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Treat Arthritis in Horses"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"Before you treat arthritis in your horse, make sure to consult your veterinarian to determine how severe the arthritis is and what treatment is necessary. For example, if your horse is overweight, helping it lose weight may be the simplest way to reduce strain on its joints. You can try switching to a leaner food source and allowing your horse more time outdoors to shed excess weight. Additionally, you can treat arthritis in your horse by giving it feed supplements, like glucosamine or hyaluronic acid, which can reduce pain and stiffness."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200810114049/https://esc.rutgers.edu/fact_sheet/care-for-the-older-horse-diet-and-health/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200923153203/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1368"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200810114049/https://esc.rutgers.edu/fact_sheet/care-for-the-older-horse-diet-and-health/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200923153203/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1368\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2033,"string":"2,033"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://esc.rutgers.edu/fact_sheet/care-for-the-older-horse-diet-and-health/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200810114049/https://esc.rutgers.edu/fact_sheet/care-for-the-older-horse-diet-and-health/","parsed_text":{"title":"Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health","passages":["As with humans, chronological age does not always match the aging process. In studies by the author many horses over age 20 had conditions that required special care; however, many did not. Indeed, these horses often were still valued as riding or performance horses or, in the case of stallions and mares, used for breeding even past the age of thirty. Age alone should not be a criterion for retirement or special management. If the horse is in good body condition, healthy and active even at 20+ years, don’t change your routine. However, if an aged horse has some of the problems in Table 1, it may be a candidate for special care. Nutritional recommendations are given in Table 2.","As with human athletes, years of stress, injuries and general wear and tear can result in painful and crippling arthritic changes in older horses. Arthritis is a combination of inflammation and degeneration of the tissues associated with a joint which make flexion and/or weight bearing painful. Ringbone and spavin are examples of arthritic problems commonly seen in older horses. However, a little stiffness that the aged horse will warm out of fairly quickly when exercised should not be a cause for alarm or retirement.","In advanced age, it is not uncommon for horses to become reluctant to lie down, due to difficulty in getting back up. This is especially true if they are confined to a stall where exercise and space are limited. You can tell if a horse is not lying down by the lack of bedding or stains on its belly, outer thighs, or tail. While no studies have been done to determine how much “down time” a horse needs, most horses will lie down at least once every 2 or 3 days. Horses that do not lie down for prolonged periods of time due to pain or fear will often have stains or abrasions only on the front of their front legs. These are caused when the standing horse starts to fall into deep sleep and collapse, only to wake up and catch itself before going completely down. These horses are at greater risk of being unable to rise if they do go down and should be watched carefully.","If an older horse is down and unable to rise on its own, you may need help in assisting it up. Be very careful to not put yourself or others at risk when assisting a horse that has been down for a long time. If possible roll the horse onto its chest with plenty of room in front of it. When the horse starts to rise, it will extend its front legs and lurch forward as it tries to push up with its hind legs. Provide good traction for the hind feet. Never stand on the side where the feet are visible—the horse often moves its legs forcefully and quickly when attempting to rise and may kick or step on you. For example, if the horse is lying on its left side with its feet extended to the right, you should approach and do all manipulations on the horse’s left side. Position someone at the head or shoulder to help steady the horse as it starts to rise, and another person at the back of the rump to help push it forward and up. If the horse has been down for a long time it may be weak and struggle and/or collapse suddenly. Be extremely careful not to be in a position where if the horse starts to go down again, you could be hit by flailing legs or trapped underneath its body. Once up, the horse may stagger. Try to support it without putting yourself at risk if it collapses. Massaging the limbs and muscles to get the circulation going again may help.","To make the arthritic horse more comfortable, consult your farrier and veterinarian regarding the optimal way to trim or shoe the horse. Use anti- inflammatory drugs or other remedies recommended by your veterinarian if the horse is in chronic pain. Don’t let the horse become obese, since extra weight will increase the stress on its legs and contribute to other metabolic problems, such as laminitis.","Do not confine the horse to a stall unless absolutely necessary for medical reasons. The more the older horse can move about freely, the less stiff it will be. Ideally, there should be free access to turnout, preferably with another compatible horse or pony for company.","The most common causes of weight loss in aged horses are failure to keep up with deworming schedules, debilitating diseases and/or poor dentition. If an older horse is failing to maintain adequate body weight, despite good deworming schedules, normal appetite and adequate rations, its teeth should be checked carefully, using a full mouth speculum. Merely pulling the tongue to one side to look at the back teeth is not a reliable method of detecting dental abnormalities. If the teeth are normal, the horse should be carefully checked for disease by having a veterinarian perform a thorough physical exam, including a blood sample to check for chronic infections and liver or kidney dysfunction.","If no other abnormalities are found, the horse may be suffering malabsorption of its nutrients and/or other alterations in digestion. In such horses, a “senior” type ration may help. Such rations should provide at least 12% protein, with restricted calcium (<1.0%) and slightly increased phosphorus (0.3-0.5%) in the total ration. The calcium/phosphorus ratio, however, should be greater than 1:1. Crude fiber content should be above 7%, preferably above 10%, especially if the feed was designed to be fed without hay. Digestibility of the concentrates should be maximized by processing (extrusion, pelleting or “predigestion”). A typical ration for a 1000 lb horse might consist of free access to top quality hay, preferably a straight grass or grass/alfalfa mix or pasture, plus 2 to 8 lbs of a feed designed for old horses, plus free choice water and salt. Avoid straight alfalfa. Its calcium content is high and may exacerbate failing kidney function. Yeast culture products have been reported to improve digestion of feed in horses and also may be of benefit in the failing, aged horse’s rations. Two to 4 ounces of brewers yeast and/or up to 1 cup of vegetable oil per day also may help the old horse to maintain weight and condition. Make all dietary changes slowly, gradually introducing the new feeds or supplements over the course of 4 to 5 days.","Older horses are more sensitive to severe weather, be it heat or cold, and often suffer weight loss when temperature fluctuations are extreme. It is essential that adequate shade is available in summer, and that shelter from wind and precipitation is provided in winter. Three-sided “run-in” sheds are adequate in most cases. Higher energy needs in winter can be met by providing increased feed in a more highly digestible form such as high-fat pelleted or extruded feeds. Insuring free access to clean, fresh, unfrozen water can reduce constipation or impaction problems, which are most common in winter. If the horse does not drink well, feeding water-soaked feeds (1 to 2 gallons of water per feeding) will help increase fluid intake. Addition of 1 to 2 ounces of salt to the feed may also encourage increased water intake but should be done only if the horse has unlimited access to water.","All horses should have regular tooth care. Horses’ teeth frequently form sharp points on the outside of the upper molars and inside of the lower molars, especially if fed only dry hay and grains. These points make it painful to chew and cause the horse to dribble feed or partially chewed boluses of hay from its mouth (“quidding”). Tooth loss, especially molars or premolars, also reduces the ability to adequately chew feed. If a molar or premolar tooth is missing, the opposing tooth will grow down into the space (wave mouth), making it difficult to chew. Abnormal dentition predisposes the horse to weight loss and/or “choke” (impaction of inadequately chewed/dry feed in the esophagus).","Older horses, especially those known to have missing molars, should have their teeth checked at least twice a year. If chewing is difficult, “soups” of soaked hay cubes or beet pulp plus pelleted or extruded feeds designed for old horses should be offered. Sufficient water should be added to make a soupy consistency (at least 1 quart of water per pound of feed) to prevent choke. The soaked feeds can easily ferment (summer) or freeze (winter), so should only be offered in amounts that the horse will consume easily in a single meal. This may require that the horse be fed three or more times a day to meet its nutritional needs. Hay can still be fed if choking is not a problem, even if most of it is wasted. Access to good pasture is desirable.","If front teeth (incisors) are missing or badly aligned, do not rely on pasture for nutrition. These horses must be fed complete feeds or loose hay and/or hay cubes since they can not graze effectively. Soaking the feeds is necessary only if they have a tendency to “choke” on their feeds.","In a study of geriatric horses (Ralston et al., 1989), over 70% of the horses over the age of 20 had at least subclinical signs (altered glucose and cortisol metabolism) of pituitary/ thyroid dysfunction. See Table 1 for the classic clinical signs. Old mares with pituitary dysfunction, even in the early pre-clinical stages, had lower blood Vitamin C than did unaffected or younger mares. This may explain in part the increased susceptibility to viral infections observed in older horses. Both types of dysfunction cause relative glucose intolerance, in which the horse becomes less sensitive to the action of insulin. After a high sugar or starch meal, blood levels of both glucose and insulin become abnormally high, which contributes to the clinical signs of dysfunction. High fat (>5%) and fiber (>7%) feeds that are pelleted or extruded with limited molasses contents result in more moderate glucose and insulin responses after feeding, and may help control this problem. “Sweet feeds” with high (>3%) molasses should be avoided.","Management of the clinical problems associated with pituitary or thyroid dyfunction is fairly easy. It is essential that all older horses be maintained on regular vaccination and deworming schedules. If chronic infections are present (skin infections, thrush, hoof abcesses), 0.01 gm ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) per pound of body weight added to the feed twice a day may be beneficial, but should only be continued until the infections heal. If water intake and urine output are increased, fresh, clean water should be available free choice. If obesity or chronic founder is a problem, the horse’s access to grain should be restricted, if not eliminated, and sudden dietary changes avoided at all costs. Thick hair coats should be clipped in the summer in addition to providing shelter from the sun.","Drug treatments for pituitary and thyroid dysfunction are available. Many are expensive and some are very controversial at this time. Consult your veterinarian or equine medicine specialists at schools of veterinary medicine for the latest information.","Chronic kidney or liver failure is not as common in aged horses as it is in cats and dogs, but still can occur. The degeneration of kidney and/or liver function is usually progressive and irreversible but can be slowed and the clinical signs managed to some degree with diet.","Reduced kidney function results in renal stones (calculi), bladder stones, weight loss, loss of appetite and, potentially, death. Horses are unique in that they primarily excrete excess dietary calcium through their urine instead of their feces as do other animals. As a result, if kidney function is reduced, renal and bladder “stones” of calcium oxalate are more likely to occur as well as an increase (potentially lethal) in blood calcium. Horses with kidney failure should be put on low-calcium diets (<.65% calcium on a dry matter basis). Based on data from other species, protein and phosphorus also should be restricted to 8 to 10% and 0.25%, respectively. Good quality grass hay and corn or a complete pelleted ration for mature (not aged) horses are the feeds of choice. Avoid legumes (alfalfa and clover), wheat bran and beet pulp due to high calcium (legumes, beet pulp) or phosphorus (wheat bran) content.","Liver failure can cause weight loss, lethargy, jaundice (yellow mucous membranes), loss of appetite and intolerance of excess fat and protein in the diet. If severe and acute, the horse may show behavioral changes such as irritability, aimless wandering or circling, or pressing its head against objects. Affected horses require increased sugar sources to maintain their blood glucose levels and are intolerant of high protein or fat in the diet. The diet should emphasize starch intake (grains or concentrates), though fiber sources (hay, beet pulp) are still necessary to avoid gastrointestinal dysfunction. Grass hay, low-protein sweet feeds, and corn are recommended components of the ration. Wheat bran and beet pulp are acceptable supplements in these cases. Since the liver is the site of B-vitamins (especially niacin) and ascorbic acid synthesis in the horse, daily oral supplementation with B-complex vitamins (brewers yeast is a good source) and ascorbic acid (0.01gm/lb body weight) may be beneficial.","A horse should not be treated differently just because it has reached a certain chronological age. However, if problems related to aging are present, changes in management and medications may be needed to keep the older horse comfortable. Adequate shelter is a must for older horses, especially in the winter. However, confinement of an arthritic old horse to a stall is not doing the animal any favors.","Condition| Clinical Signs| Causes/Management Considerations ---|---|--- Arthritis| Chronic lameness Bone deformity around joints Inflexible joints| Shoeing/trimming Bedding Avoid obesity Anti-inflammatory therapy Weight Loss| Inability to maintain good body condition despite good teeth, and a ration that is adequate for mature horses.| Teeth Diet* Shelter Deworming Liver or kidney failure TumorsMalabsorption Chronic infections Inadequatedentition| Sharp points on molarsLoss of teeth","Inability to chew feed Quidding“of hayRegular dental care DietPituitary/ thyroid dysfunction:Failure to shed winter coat in the summer Recurrent viral infections Chronic founder (laminitis) Increased water intake and urination Excessive weight loss (pituitary) or gain (thyroid)Grooming/clipping Diet","Condition| Characteristics| Feeds/Supplements ---|---|--- Weight loss not due to liver or kidney failure| 12 to 14% protein 7 to 10% fat High digestibility Easily chewed| Grass or grass mix hay Complete pelleted or extruded feeds Good quality pasture 1⁄4 to 1 cup vegetable oil/day Yeast culture products Brewers yeast Beet pulp (soaked) Soybean meal (1/4 to 1/2 lb per day) Avoid poor quality or high fiber hay Inadequatedentition| Easily chewed| “Soups” of complete pelleted orextruded feeds.Soaked hay cubes or beet pulpAvoid coarse hay and dry pelleted feeds Pituitary/ thyroid tumors “Cushing’s disease”| Reduced starch Highly digestible fiber sources Increased Vitamin C if chronic infections| Low molasses,high fat/fiber feeds Good quality hay or pasture (if notfoundered)0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight twice a day until healed Kidney failure| Restricted calciumprotein phosphorus| Grass hay Corn miloComplete feeds designed for adult, not aged, horses. Avoid legumes, wheat bran, beet pulp Liver failure| Restricted protein Increased starch Increased B-vitamins Increased Vitamin C| Grass hay, corn, 10% protein sweet feeds Sweet feeds designed for maintenance B-complex supplement 0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight Avoid legumes, high fat rations","Ralston, S.L. et al., 1988. Differences in diagnostic test results and hematologic data between aged and young horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49:1387-1392.","© 2001 by Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. This material may be copied for educational purposes only by not-for-profit accredited educational institutions.","Copyright © 2020. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. All rights reserved. | design by Nickelfish, IDM."]},"parsed_md":"Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health | Equine Science Center\n\n * Library\n * Kid’s Corner\n\nDONATE\n\n# Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health\n\n# Sarah L. Ralston, VMD, Ph.D., dACVN, Department of Animal Science, Cook\nCollege, Rutgers University Fact Sheet #759 – Reviewed 2004\n\n## When Does an Old Horse Require Special Care?\n\nAs with humans, chronological age does not always match the aging process. In\nstudies by the author many horses over age 20 had conditions that required\nspecial care; however, many did not. Indeed, these horses often were still\nvalued as riding or performance horses or, in the case of stallions and mares,\nused for breeding even past the age of thirty. Age alone should not be a\ncriterion for retirement or special management. If the horse is in good body\ncondition, healthy and active even at 20+ years, don’t change your routine.\nHowever, if an aged horse has some of the problems in Table 1, it may be a\ncandidate for special care. Nutritional recommendations are given in Table 2.\n\n## Management of Changes and Problems Associated With Aging in Horses\n\n### Arthritis\n\nAs with human athletes, years of stress, injuries and general wear and tear\ncan result in painful and crippling arthritic changes in older horses.\nArthritis is a combination of inflammation and degeneration of the tissues\nassociated with a joint which make flexion and/or weight bearing painful.\nRingbone and spavin are examples of arthritic problems commonly seen in older\nhorses. However, a little stiffness that the aged horse will warm out of\nfairly quickly when exercised should not be a cause for alarm or retirement.\n\nIn advanced age, it is not uncommon for horses to become reluctant to lie\ndown, due to difficulty in getting back up. This is especially true if they\nare confined to a stall where exercise and space are limited. You can tell if\na horse is not lying down by the lack of bedding or stains on its belly, outer\nthighs, or tail. While no studies have been done to determine how much “down\ntime” a horse needs, most horses will lie down at least once every 2 or 3\ndays. Horses that do not lie down for prolonged periods of time due to pain or\nfear will often have stains or abrasions only on the front of their front\nlegs. These are caused when the standing horse starts to fall into deep sleep\nand collapse, only to wake up and catch itself before going completely down.\nThese horses are at greater risk of being unable to rise if they do go down\nand should be watched carefully.\n\nIf an older horse is down and unable to rise on its own, you may need help in\nassisting it up. Be very careful to not put yourself or others at risk when\nassisting a horse that has been down for a long time. If possible roll the\nhorse onto its chest with plenty of room in front of it. When the horse starts\nto rise, it will extend its front legs and lurch forward as it tries to push\nup with its hind legs. Provide good traction for the hind feet. Never stand on\nthe side where the feet are visible—the horse often moves its legs forcefully\nand quickly when attempting to rise and may kick or step on you. For example,\nif the horse is lying on its left side with its feet extended to the right,\nyou should approach and do all manipulations on the horse’s left side.\nPosition someone at the head or shoulder to help steady the horse as it starts\nto rise, and another person at the back of the rump to help push it forward\nand up. If the horse has been down for a long time it may be weak and struggle\nand/or collapse suddenly. Be extremely careful not to be in a position where\nif the horse starts to go down again, you could be hit by flailing legs or\ntrapped underneath its body. Once up, the horse may stagger. Try to support it\nwithout putting yourself at risk if it collapses. Massaging the limbs and\nmuscles to get the circulation going again may help.\n\nTo make the arthritic horse more comfortable, consult your farrier and\nveterinarian regarding the optimal way to trim or shoe the horse. Use anti-\ninflammatory drugs or other remedies recommended by your veterinarian if the\nhorse is in chronic pain. Don’t let the horse become obese, since extra weight\nwill increase the stress on its legs and contribute to other metabolic\nproblems, such as laminitis.\n\nDo not confine the horse to a stall unless absolutely necessary for medical\nreasons. The more the older horse can move about freely, the less stiff it\nwill be. Ideally, there should be free access to turnout, preferably with\nanother compatible horse or pony for company.\n\n## Weight Loss/Poor Condition\n\nThe most common causes of weight loss in aged horses are failure to keep up\nwith deworming schedules, debilitating diseases and/or poor dentition. If an\nolder horse is failing to maintain adequate body weight, despite good\ndeworming schedules, normal appetite and adequate rations, its teeth should be\nchecked carefully, using a full mouth speculum. Merely pulling the tongue to\none side to look at the back teeth is not a reliable method of detecting\ndental abnormalities. If the teeth are normal, the horse should be carefully\nchecked for disease by having a veterinarian perform a thorough physical exam,\nincluding a blood sample to check for chronic infections and liver or kidney\ndysfunction.\n\nIf no other abnormalities are found, the horse may be suffering malabsorption\nof its nutrients and/or other alterations in digestion. In such horses, a\n“senior” type ration may help. Such rations should provide at least 12%\nprotein, with restricted calcium (<1.0%) and slightly increased phosphorus\n(0.3-0.5%) in the total ration. The calcium/phosphorus ratio, however, should\nbe greater than 1:1. Crude fiber content should be above 7%, preferably above\n10%, especially if the feed was designed to be fed without hay. Digestibility\nof the concentrates should be maximized by processing (extrusion, pelleting or\n“predigestion”). A typical ration for a 1000 lb horse might consist of free\naccess to top quality hay, preferably a straight grass or grass/alfalfa mix or\npasture, plus 2 to 8 lbs of a feed designed for old horses, plus free choice\nwater and salt. Avoid straight alfalfa. Its calcium content is high and may\nexacerbate failing kidney function. Yeast culture products have been reported\nto improve digestion of feed in horses and also may be of benefit in the\nfailing, aged horse’s rations. Two to 4 ounces of brewers yeast and/or up to 1\ncup of vegetable oil per day also may help the old horse to maintain weight\nand condition. Make all dietary changes slowly, gradually introducing the new\nfeeds or supplements over the course of 4 to 5 days.\n\nOlder horses are more sensitive to severe weather, be it heat or cold, and\noften suffer weight loss when temperature fluctuations are extreme. It is\nessential that adequate shade is available in summer, and that shelter from\nwind and precipitation is provided in winter. Three-sided “run-in” sheds are\nadequate in most cases. Higher energy needs in winter can be met by providing\nincreased feed in a more highly digestible form such as high-fat pelleted or\nextruded feeds. Insuring free access to clean, fresh, unfrozen water can\nreduce constipation or impaction problems, which are most common in winter. If\nthe horse does not drink well, feeding water-soaked feeds (1 to 2 gallons of\nwater per feeding) will help increase fluid intake. Addition of 1 to 2 ounces\nof salt to the feed may also encourage increased water intake but should be\ndone only if the horse has unlimited access to water.\n\nInadequate Dentition/Tooth Loss\n\nAll horses should have regular tooth care. Horses’ teeth frequently form sharp\npoints on the outside of the upper molars and inside of the lower molars,\nespecially if fed only dry hay and grains. These points make it painful to\nchew and cause the horse to dribble feed or partially chewed boluses of hay\nfrom its mouth (“quidding”). Tooth loss, especially molars or premolars, also\nreduces the ability to adequately chew feed. If a molar or premolar tooth is\nmissing, the opposing tooth will grow down into the space (wave mouth), making\nit difficult to chew. Abnormal dentition predisposes the horse to weight loss\nand/or “choke” (impaction of inadequately chewed/dry feed in the esophagus).\n\nOlder horses, especially those known to have missing molars, should have their\nteeth checked at least twice a year. If chewing is difficult, “soups” of\nsoaked hay cubes or beet pulp plus pelleted or extruded feeds designed for old\nhorses should be offered. Sufficient water should be added to make a soupy\nconsistency (at least 1 quart of water per pound of feed) to prevent choke.\nThe soaked feeds can easily ferment (summer) or freeze (winter), so should\nonly be offered in amounts that the horse will consume easily in a single\nmeal. This may require that the horse be fed three or more times a day to meet\nits nutritional needs. Hay can still be fed if choking is not a problem, even\nif most of it is wasted. Access to good pasture is desirable.\n\nIf front teeth (incisors) are missing or badly aligned, do not rely on pasture\nfor nutrition. These horses must be fed complete feeds or loose hay and/or hay\ncubes since they can not graze effectively. Soaking the feeds is necessary\nonly if they have a tendency to “choke” on their feeds.\n\n## Pituitary/Thyroid Dysfunction\n\nIn a study of geriatric horses (Ralston et al., 1989), over 70% of the horses\nover the age of 20 had at least subclinical signs (altered glucose and\ncortisol metabolism) of pituitary/ thyroid dysfunction. See Table 1 for the\nclassic clinical signs. Old mares with pituitary dysfunction, even in the\nearly pre-clinical stages, had lower blood Vitamin C than did unaffected or\nyounger mares. This may explain in part the increased susceptibility to viral\ninfections observed in older horses. Both types of dysfunction cause relative\nglucose intolerance, in which the horse becomes less sensitive to the action\nof insulin. After a high sugar or starch meal, blood levels of both glucose\nand insulin become abnormally high, which contributes to the clinical signs of\ndysfunction. High fat (>5%) and fiber (>7%) feeds that are pelleted or\nextruded with limited molasses contents result in more moderate glucose and\ninsulin responses after feeding, and may help control this problem. “Sweet\nfeeds” with high (>3%) molasses should be avoided.\n\nManagement of the clinical problems associated with pituitary or thyroid\ndyfunction is fairly easy. It is essential that all older horses be maintained\non regular vaccination and deworming schedules. If chronic infections are\npresent (skin infections, thrush, hoof abcesses), 0.01 gm ascorbic acid\n(Vitamin C) per pound of body weight added to the feed twice a day may be\nbeneficial, but should only be continued until the infections heal. If water\nintake and urine output are increased, fresh, clean water should be available\nfree choice. If obesity or chronic founder is a problem, the horse’s access to\ngrain should be restricted, if not eliminated, and sudden dietary changes\navoided at all costs. Thick hair coats should be clipped in the summer in\naddition to providing shelter from the sun.\n\nDrug treatments for pituitary and thyroid dysfunction are available. Many are\nexpensive and some are very controversial at this time. Consult your\nveterinarian or equine medicine specialists at schools of veterinary medicine\nfor the latest information.\n\n## Reduced kidney/liver function\n\nChronic kidney or liver failure is not as common in aged horses as it is in\ncats and dogs, but still can occur. The degeneration of kidney and/or liver\nfunction is usually progressive and irreversible but can be slowed and the\nclinical signs managed to some degree with diet.\n\nReduced kidney function results in renal stones (calculi), bladder stones,\nweight loss, loss of appetite and, potentially, death. Horses are unique in\nthat they primarily excrete excess dietary calcium through their urine instead\nof their feces as do other animals. As a result, if kidney function is\nreduced, renal and bladder “stones” of calcium oxalate are more likely to\noccur as well as an increase (potentially lethal) in blood calcium. Horses\nwith kidney failure should be put on low-calcium diets (<.65% calcium on a dry\nmatter basis). Based on data from other species, protein and phosphorus also\nshould be restricted to 8 to 10% and 0.25%, respectively. Good quality grass\nhay and corn or a complete pelleted ration for mature (not aged) horses are\nthe feeds of choice. Avoid legumes (alfalfa and clover), wheat bran and beet\npulp due to high calcium (legumes, beet pulp) or phosphorus (wheat bran)\ncontent.\n\nLiver failure can cause weight loss, lethargy, jaundice (yellow mucous\nmembranes), loss of appetite and intolerance of excess fat and protein in the\ndiet. If severe and acute, the horse may show behavioral changes such as\nirritability, aimless wandering or circling, or pressing its head against\nobjects. Affected horses require increased sugar sources to maintain their\nblood glucose levels and are intolerant of high protein or fat in the diet.\nThe diet should emphasize starch intake (grains or concentrates), though fiber\nsources (hay, beet pulp) are still necessary to avoid gastrointestinal\ndysfunction. Grass hay, low-protein sweet feeds, and corn are recommended\ncomponents of the ration. Wheat bran and beet pulp are acceptable supplements\nin these cases. Since the liver is the site of B-vitamins (especially niacin)\nand ascorbic acid synthesis in the horse, daily oral supplementation with\nB-complex vitamins (brewers yeast is a good source) and ascorbic acid\n(0.01gm/lb body weight) may be beneficial.\n\n## Summary\n\nA horse should not be treated differently just because it has reached a\ncertain chronological age. However, if problems related to aging are present,\nchanges in management and medications may be needed to keep the older horse\ncomfortable. Adequate shelter is a must for older horses, especially in the\nwinter. However, confinement of an arthritic old horse to a stall is not doing\nthe animal any favors.\n\nTable 1. Conditions requiring special attention in aged horses. See text for\nmore details.\n\nCondition| Clinical Signs| Causes/Management Considerations \n---|---|--- \nArthritis| Chronic lameness Bone deformity around joints Inflexible joints|\nShoeing/trimming Bedding Avoid obesity Anti-inflammatory therapy \nWeight Loss| Inability to maintain good body condition despite good teeth, and\na ration that is adequate for mature horses.| Teeth Diet* Shelter Deworming\nLiver or kidney failure TumorsMalabsorption Chronic infections \nInadequatedentition| Sharp points on molarsLoss of teeth \n \nInability to chew feed Quidding“of hayRegular dental care Diet*Pituitary/\nthyroid dysfunction:Failure to shed winter coat in the summer Recurrent viral\ninfections Chronic founder (laminitis) Increased water intake and urination\nExcessive weight loss (pituitary) or gain (thyroid)Grooming/clipping Diet*\nVaccination Water access Drug therapy(?)Kidney/ liver failureWeight loss\nLethargy Poor appetite Difficult or frequent urination (kidney) Jaundice\n(liver)Diet* Supplements*Grey hair appearing around ears, eyes and\nforeheadThis is not a problem,merely a sign of aging\n\n^ *See Diet Recommendations in Table 2.\n\nTable 2. Dietary management of conditions associated with aging in horses\n\n## Recommended Diet\n\nCondition| Characteristics| Feeds/Supplements \n---|---|--- \nWeight loss not due to liver or kidney failure| 12 to 14% protein 7 to 10% fat\nHigh digestibility Easily chewed| Grass or grass mix hay Complete pelleted or\nextruded feeds Good quality pasture 1⁄4 to 1 cup vegetable oil/day Yeast\nculture products Brewers yeast Beet pulp (soaked) Soybean meal (1/4 to 1/2 lb\nper day) Avoid poor quality or high fiber hay \nInadequatedentition| Easily chewed| “Soups” of complete pelleted orextruded\nfeeds.Soaked hay cubes or beet pulpAvoid coarse hay and dry pelleted feeds \nPituitary/ thyroid tumors “Cushing’s disease”| Reduced starch Highly\ndigestible fiber sources Increased Vitamin C if chronic infections| Low\nmolasses,high fat/fiber feeds Good quality hay or pasture (if\nnotfoundered)0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight twice a day until healed \nKidney failure| Restricted calciumprotein phosphorus| Grass hay Corn\nmiloComplete feeds designed for adult, not aged, horses. Avoid legumes, wheat\nbran, beet pulp \nLiver failure| Restricted protein Increased starch Increased B-vitamins\nIncreased Vitamin C| Grass hay, corn, 10% protein sweet feeds Sweet feeds\ndesigned for maintenance B-complex supplement 0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body\nweight Avoid legumes, high fat rations \n \n## References\n\nRalston, S.L. 1989. Digestive alterations in aged horses. J. Eq. Vet. Sci.\n9:203-205, 1989.\n\nRalston, S.L. et al., 1988. Differences in diagnostic test results and\nhematologic data between aged and young horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49:1387-1392.\n\nRalston, S.L. 2000. Unpublished data.\n\n© 2001 by Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment\nStation, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. This material may be\ncopied for educational purposes only by not-for-profit accredited educational\ninstitutions.\n\n##### Posted By Equine Science Center at 1:17 am\n\n * About Us\n * Academics\n * Ask the Experts\n * Faculty & Staff\n\n * Giving / Donate\n * Kid’s Corner\n * Library\n * Outreach & Events\n\n * Research\n * Resources\n * What’s New\n * Contact Us\n\n### Find Us On Social Media!\n\n * ESC on Facebook\n\n * ESC on Twitter\n\n * ESC YouTube Channel\n\nCopyright © 2020. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, an equal\nopportunity, affirmative action institution. All rights reserved. | design by\nNickelfish, IDM.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200923153203/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1368","parsed_text":{"title":"Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions","passages":["Users agree that automated translations may not effectively convert the intended design, meaning, and/or context of the website, may not translate images or PDF content, and may not take into account regional language differences. Any person that uses the translated site does so at that person’s own risk. UGA Extension is not responsible for any damages, costs, liability, or risk associated with any use, functionality, and/or content of the website translations.","Horses have relatively long life spans compared to other livestock and companion animals, often living into their late 20s and early 30s. Many horses have productive careers into their 20s. In fact, in many disciplines, horses do not peak until their teenage years. Good nutrition, maintenance and veterinary care allow horses to lead longer and more productive lives. However, as horses age, their needs change and additional care may be required to keep them as healthy as possible. This publication addresses changes in the aging horse's body that impact its requirements, possible ways to meet these requirements, and solutions to problems that may occur.","Have a question? Contact your local UGA Extension office to find out how our team of county agents can assist you.","We have faculty and staff in every county across the state that are available to assist you. For information or the status on programs, contact your local Extension office by email or phone.","We translate science of everyday living for farmers, families and communities to foster a healthy and prosperous Georgia. For more than a century, we've provided research and education through a network of committed specialists, agents and volunteers to help Georgians learn, grow and do more."]},"parsed_md":"Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions | UGA Cooperative\nExtension\n\nphoneContact Your County Office\n\nTranslation Disclaimer close\n\nUsers agree that automated translations may not effectively convert the\nintended design, meaning, and/or context of the website, may not translate\nimages or PDF content, and may not take into account regional language\ndifferences. Any person that uses the translated site does so at that person’s\nown risk. UGA Extension is not responsible for any damages, costs, liability,\nor risk associated with any use, functionality, and/or content of the website\ntranslations.\n\nFor more information, visit the Language Translation page.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) information, resources, and updates for Georgia\ncommunities chevron_right\n\nBulletin 1368\n\n# Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions\n\nBulletin 1368\n\nView PDF picture_as_pdf\n\nHorses have relatively long life spans compared to other livestock and\ncompanion animals, often living into their late 20s and early 30s. Many horses\nhave productive careers into their 20s. In fact, in many disciplines, horses\ndo not peak until their teenage years. Good nutrition, maintenance and\nveterinary care allow horses to lead longer and more productive lives.\nHowever, as horses age, their needs change and additional care may be required\nto keep them as healthy as possible. This publication addresses changes in the\naging horse's body that impact its requirements, possible ways to meet these\nrequirements, and solutions to problems that may occur.\n\nStatus and Revision History Published on Jul 07, 2010 Published with Full\nReview on Jul 02, 2013\n\nFaculty\n\nKylee Jo Duberstein Associate Professor, Animal & Dairy Science\n\nHave a question? Contact your local UGA Extension office to find out how our\nteam of county agents can assist you.\n\nSet County Preference\n\nRelated Publications\n\n * Equine Parasite Control: Moving Beyond Rotational Deworming (C 1193)\n\n * Basic Nutritional Guidelines for Equine Management (B 1356)\n\n * Feeding Strategies for Peak Performance in Horses (B 1365)\n\n## Contact Your Local Office\n\nWe have faculty and staff in every county across the state that are available\nto assist you. 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In studies by the author many horses over age 20 had conditions that required special care; however, many did not. Indeed, these horses often were still valued as riding or performance horses or, in the case of stallions and mares, used for breeding even past the age of thirty. Age alone should not be a criterion for retirement or special management. If the horse is in good body condition, healthy and active even at 20+ years, don’t change your routine. However, if an aged horse has some of the problems in Table 1, it may be a candidate for special care. Nutritional recommendations are given in Table 2.\",\n \"As with human athletes, years of stress, injuries and general wear and tear can result in painful and crippling arthritic changes in older horses. Arthritis is a combination of inflammation and degeneration of the tissues associated with a joint which make flexion and/or weight bearing painful. Ringbone and spavin are examples of arthritic problems commonly seen in older horses. However, a little stiffness that the aged horse will warm out of fairly quickly when exercised should not be a cause for alarm or retirement.\",\n \"In advanced age, it is not uncommon for horses to become reluctant to lie down, due to difficulty in getting back up. This is especially true if they are confined to a stall where exercise and space are limited. You can tell if a horse is not lying down by the lack of bedding or stains on its belly, outer thighs, or tail. While no studies have been done to determine how much “down time” a horse needs, most horses will lie down at least once every 2 or 3 days. Horses that do not lie down for prolonged periods of time due to pain or fear will often have stains or abrasions only on the front of their front legs. These are caused when the standing horse starts to fall into deep sleep and collapse, only to wake up and catch itself before going completely down. These horses are at greater risk of being unable to rise if they do go down and should be watched carefully.\",\n \"If an older horse is down and unable to rise on its own, you may need help in assisting it up. Be very careful to not put yourself or others at risk when assisting a horse that has been down for a long time. If possible roll the horse onto its chest with plenty of room in front of it. When the horse starts to rise, it will extend its front legs and lurch forward as it tries to push up with its hind legs. Provide good traction for the hind feet. Never stand on the side where the feet are visible—the horse often moves its legs forcefully and quickly when attempting to rise and may kick or step on you. For example, if the horse is lying on its left side with its feet extended to the right, you should approach and do all manipulations on the horse’s left side. Position someone at the head or shoulder to help steady the horse as it starts to rise, and another person at the back of the rump to help push it forward and up. If the horse has been down for a long time it may be weak and struggle and/or collapse suddenly. Be extremely careful not to be in a position where if the horse starts to go down again, you could be hit by flailing legs or trapped underneath its body. Once up, the horse may stagger. Try to support it without putting yourself at risk if it collapses. Massaging the limbs and muscles to get the circulation going again may help.\",\n \"To make the arthritic horse more comfortable, consult your farrier and veterinarian regarding the optimal way to trim or shoe the horse. Use anti- inflammatory drugs or other remedies recommended by your veterinarian if the horse is in chronic pain. Don’t let the horse become obese, since extra weight will increase the stress on its legs and contribute to other metabolic problems, such as laminitis.\",\n \"Do not confine the horse to a stall unless absolutely necessary for medical reasons. The more the older horse can move about freely, the less stiff it will be. Ideally, there should be free access to turnout, preferably with another compatible horse or pony for company.\",\n \"The most common causes of weight loss in aged horses are failure to keep up with deworming schedules, debilitating diseases and/or poor dentition. If an older horse is failing to maintain adequate body weight, despite good deworming schedules, normal appetite and adequate rations, its teeth should be checked carefully, using a full mouth speculum. Merely pulling the tongue to one side to look at the back teeth is not a reliable method of detecting dental abnormalities. If the teeth are normal, the horse should be carefully checked for disease by having a veterinarian perform a thorough physical exam, including a blood sample to check for chronic infections and liver or kidney dysfunction.\",\n \"If no other abnormalities are found, the horse may be suffering malabsorption of its nutrients and/or other alterations in digestion. In such horses, a “senior” type ration may help. Such rations should provide at least 12% protein, with restricted calcium (<1.0%) and slightly increased phosphorus (0.3-0.5%) in the total ration. The calcium/phosphorus ratio, however, should be greater than 1:1. Crude fiber content should be above 7%, preferably above 10%, especially if the feed was designed to be fed without hay. Digestibility of the concentrates should be maximized by processing (extrusion, pelleting or “predigestion”). A typical ration for a 1000 lb horse might consist of free access to top quality hay, preferably a straight grass or grass/alfalfa mix or pasture, plus 2 to 8 lbs of a feed designed for old horses, plus free choice water and salt. Avoid straight alfalfa. Its calcium content is high and may exacerbate failing kidney function. Yeast culture products have been reported to improve digestion of feed in horses and also may be of benefit in the failing, aged horse’s rations. Two to 4 ounces of brewers yeast and/or up to 1 cup of vegetable oil per day also may help the old horse to maintain weight and condition. Make all dietary changes slowly, gradually introducing the new feeds or supplements over the course of 4 to 5 days.\",\n \"Older horses are more sensitive to severe weather, be it heat or cold, and often suffer weight loss when temperature fluctuations are extreme. It is essential that adequate shade is available in summer, and that shelter from wind and precipitation is provided in winter. Three-sided “run-in” sheds are adequate in most cases. Higher energy needs in winter can be met by providing increased feed in a more highly digestible form such as high-fat pelleted or extruded feeds. Insuring free access to clean, fresh, unfrozen water can reduce constipation or impaction problems, which are most common in winter. If the horse does not drink well, feeding water-soaked feeds (1 to 2 gallons of water per feeding) will help increase fluid intake. Addition of 1 to 2 ounces of salt to the feed may also encourage increased water intake but should be done only if the horse has unlimited access to water.\",\n \"All horses should have regular tooth care. Horses’ teeth frequently form sharp points on the outside of the upper molars and inside of the lower molars, especially if fed only dry hay and grains. These points make it painful to chew and cause the horse to dribble feed or partially chewed boluses of hay from its mouth (“quidding”). Tooth loss, especially molars or premolars, also reduces the ability to adequately chew feed. If a molar or premolar tooth is missing, the opposing tooth will grow down into the space (wave mouth), making it difficult to chew. Abnormal dentition predisposes the horse to weight loss and/or “choke” (impaction of inadequately chewed/dry feed in the esophagus).\",\n \"Older horses, especially those known to have missing molars, should have their teeth checked at least twice a year. If chewing is difficult, “soups” of soaked hay cubes or beet pulp plus pelleted or extruded feeds designed for old horses should be offered. Sufficient water should be added to make a soupy consistency (at least 1 quart of water per pound of feed) to prevent choke. The soaked feeds can easily ferment (summer) or freeze (winter), so should only be offered in amounts that the horse will consume easily in a single meal. This may require that the horse be fed three or more times a day to meet its nutritional needs. Hay can still be fed if choking is not a problem, even if most of it is wasted. Access to good pasture is desirable.\",\n \"If front teeth (incisors) are missing or badly aligned, do not rely on pasture for nutrition. These horses must be fed complete feeds or loose hay and/or hay cubes since they can not graze effectively. Soaking the feeds is necessary only if they have a tendency to “choke” on their feeds.\",\n \"In a study of geriatric horses (Ralston et al., 1989), over 70% of the horses over the age of 20 had at least subclinical signs (altered glucose and cortisol metabolism) of pituitary/ thyroid dysfunction. See Table 1 for the classic clinical signs. Old mares with pituitary dysfunction, even in the early pre-clinical stages, had lower blood Vitamin C than did unaffected or younger mares. This may explain in part the increased susceptibility to viral infections observed in older horses. Both types of dysfunction cause relative glucose intolerance, in which the horse becomes less sensitive to the action of insulin. After a high sugar or starch meal, blood levels of both glucose and insulin become abnormally high, which contributes to the clinical signs of dysfunction. High fat (>5%) and fiber (>7%) feeds that are pelleted or extruded with limited molasses contents result in more moderate glucose and insulin responses after feeding, and may help control this problem. “Sweet feeds” with high (>3%) molasses should be avoided.\",\n \"Management of the clinical problems associated with pituitary or thyroid dyfunction is fairly easy. It is essential that all older horses be maintained on regular vaccination and deworming schedules. If chronic infections are present (skin infections, thrush, hoof abcesses), 0.01 gm ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) per pound of body weight added to the feed twice a day may be beneficial, but should only be continued until the infections heal. If water intake and urine output are increased, fresh, clean water should be available free choice. If obesity or chronic founder is a problem, the horse’s access to grain should be restricted, if not eliminated, and sudden dietary changes avoided at all costs. Thick hair coats should be clipped in the summer in addition to providing shelter from the sun.\",\n \"Drug treatments for pituitary and thyroid dysfunction are available. Many are expensive and some are very controversial at this time. Consult your veterinarian or equine medicine specialists at schools of veterinary medicine for the latest information.\",\n \"Chronic kidney or liver failure is not as common in aged horses as it is in cats and dogs, but still can occur. The degeneration of kidney and/or liver function is usually progressive and irreversible but can be slowed and the clinical signs managed to some degree with diet.\",\n \"Reduced kidney function results in renal stones (calculi), bladder stones, weight loss, loss of appetite and, potentially, death. Horses are unique in that they primarily excrete excess dietary calcium through their urine instead of their feces as do other animals. As a result, if kidney function is reduced, renal and bladder “stones” of calcium oxalate are more likely to occur as well as an increase (potentially lethal) in blood calcium. Horses with kidney failure should be put on low-calcium diets (<.65% calcium on a dry matter basis). Based on data from other species, protein and phosphorus also should be restricted to 8 to 10% and 0.25%, respectively. Good quality grass hay and corn or a complete pelleted ration for mature (not aged) horses are the feeds of choice. Avoid legumes (alfalfa and clover), wheat bran and beet pulp due to high calcium (legumes, beet pulp) or phosphorus (wheat bran) content.\",\n \"Liver failure can cause weight loss, lethargy, jaundice (yellow mucous membranes), loss of appetite and intolerance of excess fat and protein in the diet. If severe and acute, the horse may show behavioral changes such as irritability, aimless wandering or circling, or pressing its head against objects. Affected horses require increased sugar sources to maintain their blood glucose levels and are intolerant of high protein or fat in the diet. The diet should emphasize starch intake (grains or concentrates), though fiber sources (hay, beet pulp) are still necessary to avoid gastrointestinal dysfunction. Grass hay, low-protein sweet feeds, and corn are recommended components of the ration. Wheat bran and beet pulp are acceptable supplements in these cases. Since the liver is the site of B-vitamins (especially niacin) and ascorbic acid synthesis in the horse, daily oral supplementation with B-complex vitamins (brewers yeast is a good source) and ascorbic acid (0.01gm/lb body weight) may be beneficial.\",\n \"A horse should not be treated differently just because it has reached a certain chronological age. However, if problems related to aging are present, changes in management and medications may be needed to keep the older horse comfortable. Adequate shelter is a must for older horses, especially in the winter. However, confinement of an arthritic old horse to a stall is not doing the animal any favors.\",\n \"Condition| Clinical Signs| Causes/Management Considerations ---|---|--- Arthritis| Chronic lameness Bone deformity around joints Inflexible joints| Shoeing/trimming Bedding Avoid obesity Anti-inflammatory therapy Weight Loss| Inability to maintain good body condition despite good teeth, and a ration that is adequate for mature horses.| Teeth Diet* Shelter Deworming Liver or kidney failure TumorsMalabsorption Chronic infections Inadequatedentition| Sharp points on molarsLoss of teeth\",\n \"Inability to chew feed Quidding“of hayRegular dental care DietPituitary/ thyroid dysfunction:Failure to shed winter coat in the summer Recurrent viral infections Chronic founder (laminitis) Increased water intake and urination Excessive weight loss (pituitary) or gain (thyroid)Grooming/clipping Diet\",\n \"Condition| Characteristics| Feeds/Supplements ---|---|--- Weight loss not due to liver or kidney failure| 12 to 14% protein 7 to 10% fat High digestibility Easily chewed| Grass or grass mix hay Complete pelleted or extruded feeds Good quality pasture 1⁄4 to 1 cup vegetable oil/day Yeast culture products Brewers yeast Beet pulp (soaked) Soybean meal (1/4 to 1/2 lb per day) Avoid poor quality or high fiber hay Inadequatedentition| Easily chewed| “Soups” of complete pelleted orextruded feeds.Soaked hay cubes or beet pulpAvoid coarse hay and dry pelleted feeds Pituitary/ thyroid tumors “Cushing’s disease”| Reduced starch Highly digestible fiber sources Increased Vitamin C if chronic infections| Low molasses,high fat/fiber feeds Good quality hay or pasture (if notfoundered)0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight twice a day until healed Kidney failure| Restricted calciumprotein phosphorus| Grass hay Corn miloComplete feeds designed for adult, not aged, horses. Avoid legumes, wheat bran, beet pulp Liver failure| Restricted protein Increased starch Increased B-vitamins Increased Vitamin C| Grass hay, corn, 10% protein sweet feeds Sweet feeds designed for maintenance B-complex supplement 0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight Avoid legumes, high fat rations\",\n \"Ralston, S.L. et al., 1988. Differences in diagnostic test results and hematologic data between aged and young horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49:1387-1392.\",\n \"© 2001 by Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. This material may be copied for educational purposes only by not-for-profit accredited educational institutions.\",\n \"Copyright © 2020. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. All rights reserved. | design by Nickelfish, IDM.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health | Equine Science Center\\n\\n * Library\\n * Kid’s Corner\\n\\nDONATE\\n\\n# Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health\\n\\n# Sarah L. Ralston, VMD, Ph.D., dACVN, Department of Animal Science, Cook\\nCollege, Rutgers University Fact Sheet #759 – Reviewed 2004\\n\\n## When Does an Old Horse Require Special Care?\\n\\nAs with humans, chronological age does not always match the aging process. In\\nstudies by the author many horses over age 20 had conditions that required\\nspecial care; however, many did not. Indeed, these horses often were still\\nvalued as riding or performance horses or, in the case of stallions and mares,\\nused for breeding even past the age of thirty. Age alone should not be a\\ncriterion for retirement or special management. If the horse is in good body\\ncondition, healthy and active even at 20+ years, don’t change your routine.\\nHowever, if an aged horse has some of the problems in Table 1, it may be a\\ncandidate for special care. Nutritional recommendations are given in Table 2.\\n\\n## Management of Changes and Problems Associated With Aging in Horses\\n\\n### Arthritis\\n\\nAs with human athletes, years of stress, injuries and general wear and tear\\ncan result in painful and crippling arthritic changes in older horses.\\nArthritis is a combination of inflammation and degeneration of the tissues\\nassociated with a joint which make flexion and/or weight bearing painful.\\nRingbone and spavin are examples of arthritic problems commonly seen in older\\nhorses. However, a little stiffness that the aged horse will warm out of\\nfairly quickly when exercised should not be a cause for alarm or retirement.\\n\\nIn advanced age, it is not uncommon for horses to become reluctant to lie\\ndown, due to difficulty in getting back up. This is especially true if they\\nare confined to a stall where exercise and space are limited. You can tell if\\na horse is not lying down by the lack of bedding or stains on its belly, outer\\nthighs, or tail. While no studies have been done to determine how much “down\\ntime” a horse needs, most horses will lie down at least once every 2 or 3\\ndays. Horses that do not lie down for prolonged periods of time due to pain or\\nfear will often have stains or abrasions only on the front of their front\\nlegs. These are caused when the standing horse starts to fall into deep sleep\\nand collapse, only to wake up and catch itself before going completely down.\\nThese horses are at greater risk of being unable to rise if they do go down\\nand should be watched carefully.\\n\\nIf an older horse is down and unable to rise on its own, you may need help in\\nassisting it up. Be very careful to not put yourself or others at risk when\\nassisting a horse that has been down for a long time. If possible roll the\\nhorse onto its chest with plenty of room in front of it. When the horse starts\\nto rise, it will extend its front legs and lurch forward as it tries to push\\nup with its hind legs. Provide good traction for the hind feet. Never stand on\\nthe side where the feet are visible—the horse often moves its legs forcefully\\nand quickly when attempting to rise and may kick or step on you. For example,\\nif the horse is lying on its left side with its feet extended to the right,\\nyou should approach and do all manipulations on the horse’s left side.\\nPosition someone at the head or shoulder to help steady the horse as it starts\\nto rise, and another person at the back of the rump to help push it forward\\nand up. If the horse has been down for a long time it may be weak and struggle\\nand/or collapse suddenly. Be extremely careful not to be in a position where\\nif the horse starts to go down again, you could be hit by flailing legs or\\ntrapped underneath its body. Once up, the horse may stagger. Try to support it\\nwithout putting yourself at risk if it collapses. Massaging the limbs and\\nmuscles to get the circulation going again may help.\\n\\nTo make the arthritic horse more comfortable, consult your farrier and\\nveterinarian regarding the optimal way to trim or shoe the horse. Use anti-\\ninflammatory drugs or other remedies recommended by your veterinarian if the\\nhorse is in chronic pain. Don’t let the horse become obese, since extra weight\\nwill increase the stress on its legs and contribute to other metabolic\\nproblems, such as laminitis.\\n\\nDo not confine the horse to a stall unless absolutely necessary for medical\\nreasons. The more the older horse can move about freely, the less stiff it\\nwill be. Ideally, there should be free access to turnout, preferably with\\nanother compatible horse or pony for company.\\n\\n## Weight Loss/Poor Condition\\n\\nThe most common causes of weight loss in aged horses are failure to keep up\\nwith deworming schedules, debilitating diseases and/or poor dentition. If an\\nolder horse is failing to maintain adequate body weight, despite good\\ndeworming schedules, normal appetite and adequate rations, its teeth should be\\nchecked carefully, using a full mouth speculum. Merely pulling the tongue to\\none side to look at the back teeth is not a reliable method of detecting\\ndental abnormalities. If the teeth are normal, the horse should be carefully\\nchecked for disease by having a veterinarian perform a thorough physical exam,\\nincluding a blood sample to check for chronic infections and liver or kidney\\ndysfunction.\\n\\nIf no other abnormalities are found, the horse may be suffering malabsorption\\nof its nutrients and/or other alterations in digestion. In such horses, a\\n“senior” type ration may help. Such rations should provide at least 12%\\nprotein, with restricted calcium (<1.0%) and slightly increased phosphorus\\n(0.3-0.5%) in the total ration. The calcium/phosphorus ratio, however, should\\nbe greater than 1:1. Crude fiber content should be above 7%, preferably above\\n10%, especially if the feed was designed to be fed without hay. Digestibility\\nof the concentrates should be maximized by processing (extrusion, pelleting or\\n“predigestion”). A typical ration for a 1000 lb horse might consist of free\\naccess to top quality hay, preferably a straight grass or grass/alfalfa mix or\\npasture, plus 2 to 8 lbs of a feed designed for old horses, plus free choice\\nwater and salt. Avoid straight alfalfa. Its calcium content is high and may\\nexacerbate failing kidney function. Yeast culture products have been reported\\nto improve digestion of feed in horses and also may be of benefit in the\\nfailing, aged horse’s rations. Two to 4 ounces of brewers yeast and/or up to 1\\ncup of vegetable oil per day also may help the old horse to maintain weight\\nand condition. Make all dietary changes slowly, gradually introducing the new\\nfeeds or supplements over the course of 4 to 5 days.\\n\\nOlder horses are more sensitive to severe weather, be it heat or cold, and\\noften suffer weight loss when temperature fluctuations are extreme. It is\\nessential that adequate shade is available in summer, and that shelter from\\nwind and precipitation is provided in winter. Three-sided “run-in” sheds are\\nadequate in most cases. Higher energy needs in winter can be met by providing\\nincreased feed in a more highly digestible form such as high-fat pelleted or\\nextruded feeds. Insuring free access to clean, fresh, unfrozen water can\\nreduce constipation or impaction problems, which are most common in winter. If\\nthe horse does not drink well, feeding water-soaked feeds (1 to 2 gallons of\\nwater per feeding) will help increase fluid intake. Addition of 1 to 2 ounces\\nof salt to the feed may also encourage increased water intake but should be\\ndone only if the horse has unlimited access to water.\\n\\nInadequate Dentition/Tooth Loss\\n\\nAll horses should have regular tooth care. Horses’ teeth frequently form sharp\\npoints on the outside of the upper molars and inside of the lower molars,\\nespecially if fed only dry hay and grains. These points make it painful to\\nchew and cause the horse to dribble feed or partially chewed boluses of hay\\nfrom its mouth (“quidding”). Tooth loss, especially molars or premolars, also\\nreduces the ability to adequately chew feed. If a molar or premolar tooth is\\nmissing, the opposing tooth will grow down into the space (wave mouth), making\\nit difficult to chew. Abnormal dentition predisposes the horse to weight loss\\nand/or “choke” (impaction of inadequately chewed/dry feed in the esophagus).\\n\\nOlder horses, especially those known to have missing molars, should have their\\nteeth checked at least twice a year. If chewing is difficult, “soups” of\\nsoaked hay cubes or beet pulp plus pelleted or extruded feeds designed for old\\nhorses should be offered. Sufficient water should be added to make a soupy\\nconsistency (at least 1 quart of water per pound of feed) to prevent choke.\\nThe soaked feeds can easily ferment (summer) or freeze (winter), so should\\nonly be offered in amounts that the horse will consume easily in a single\\nmeal. This may require that the horse be fed three or more times a day to meet\\nits nutritional needs. Hay can still be fed if choking is not a problem, even\\nif most of it is wasted. Access to good pasture is desirable.\\n\\nIf front teeth (incisors) are missing or badly aligned, do not rely on pasture\\nfor nutrition. These horses must be fed complete feeds or loose hay and/or hay\\ncubes since they can not graze effectively. Soaking the feeds is necessary\\nonly if they have a tendency to “choke” on their feeds.\\n\\n## Pituitary/Thyroid Dysfunction\\n\\nIn a study of geriatric horses (Ralston et al., 1989), over 70% of the horses\\nover the age of 20 had at least subclinical signs (altered glucose and\\ncortisol metabolism) of pituitary/ thyroid dysfunction. See Table 1 for the\\nclassic clinical signs. Old mares with pituitary dysfunction, even in the\\nearly pre-clinical stages, had lower blood Vitamin C than did unaffected or\\nyounger mares. This may explain in part the increased susceptibility to viral\\ninfections observed in older horses. Both types of dysfunction cause relative\\nglucose intolerance, in which the horse becomes less sensitive to the action\\nof insulin. After a high sugar or starch meal, blood levels of both glucose\\nand insulin become abnormally high, which contributes to the clinical signs of\\ndysfunction. High fat (>5%) and fiber (>7%) feeds that are pelleted or\\nextruded with limited molasses contents result in more moderate glucose and\\ninsulin responses after feeding, and may help control this problem. “Sweet\\nfeeds” with high (>3%) molasses should be avoided.\\n\\nManagement of the clinical problems associated with pituitary or thyroid\\ndyfunction is fairly easy. It is essential that all older horses be maintained\\non regular vaccination and deworming schedules. If chronic infections are\\npresent (skin infections, thrush, hoof abcesses), 0.01 gm ascorbic acid\\n(Vitamin C) per pound of body weight added to the feed twice a day may be\\nbeneficial, but should only be continued until the infections heal. If water\\nintake and urine output are increased, fresh, clean water should be available\\nfree choice. If obesity or chronic founder is a problem, the horse’s access to\\ngrain should be restricted, if not eliminated, and sudden dietary changes\\navoided at all costs. Thick hair coats should be clipped in the summer in\\naddition to providing shelter from the sun.\\n\\nDrug treatments for pituitary and thyroid dysfunction are available. Many are\\nexpensive and some are very controversial at this time. Consult your\\nveterinarian or equine medicine specialists at schools of veterinary medicine\\nfor the latest information.\\n\\n## Reduced kidney/liver function\\n\\nChronic kidney or liver failure is not as common in aged horses as it is in\\ncats and dogs, but still can occur. The degeneration of kidney and/or liver\\nfunction is usually progressive and irreversible but can be slowed and the\\nclinical signs managed to some degree with diet.\\n\\nReduced kidney function results in renal stones (calculi), bladder stones,\\nweight loss, loss of appetite and, potentially, death. Horses are unique in\\nthat they primarily excrete excess dietary calcium through their urine instead\\nof their feces as do other animals. As a result, if kidney function is\\nreduced, renal and bladder “stones” of calcium oxalate are more likely to\\noccur as well as an increase (potentially lethal) in blood calcium. Horses\\nwith kidney failure should be put on low-calcium diets (<.65% calcium on a dry\\nmatter basis). Based on data from other species, protein and phosphorus also\\nshould be restricted to 8 to 10% and 0.25%, respectively. Good quality grass\\nhay and corn or a complete pelleted ration for mature (not aged) horses are\\nthe feeds of choice. Avoid legumes (alfalfa and clover), wheat bran and beet\\npulp due to high calcium (legumes, beet pulp) or phosphorus (wheat bran)\\ncontent.\\n\\nLiver failure can cause weight loss, lethargy, jaundice (yellow mucous\\nmembranes), loss of appetite and intolerance of excess fat and protein in the\\ndiet. If severe and acute, the horse may show behavioral changes such as\\nirritability, aimless wandering or circling, or pressing its head against\\nobjects. Affected horses require increased sugar sources to maintain their\\nblood glucose levels and are intolerant of high protein or fat in the diet.\\nThe diet should emphasize starch intake (grains or concentrates), though fiber\\nsources (hay, beet pulp) are still necessary to avoid gastrointestinal\\ndysfunction. Grass hay, low-protein sweet feeds, and corn are recommended\\ncomponents of the ration. Wheat bran and beet pulp are acceptable supplements\\nin these cases. Since the liver is the site of B-vitamins (especially niacin)\\nand ascorbic acid synthesis in the horse, daily oral supplementation with\\nB-complex vitamins (brewers yeast is a good source) and ascorbic acid\\n(0.01gm/lb body weight) may be beneficial.\\n\\n## Summary\\n\\nA horse should not be treated differently just because it has reached a\\ncertain chronological age. However, if problems related to aging are present,\\nchanges in management and medications may be needed to keep the older horse\\ncomfortable. Adequate shelter is a must for older horses, especially in the\\nwinter. However, confinement of an arthritic old horse to a stall is not doing\\nthe animal any favors.\\n\\nTable 1. Conditions requiring special attention in aged horses. See text for\\nmore details.\\n\\nCondition| Clinical Signs| Causes/Management Considerations \\n---|---|--- \\nArthritis| Chronic lameness Bone deformity around joints Inflexible joints|\\nShoeing/trimming Bedding Avoid obesity Anti-inflammatory therapy \\nWeight Loss| Inability to maintain good body condition despite good teeth, and\\na ration that is adequate for mature horses.| Teeth Diet* Shelter Deworming\\nLiver or kidney failure TumorsMalabsorption Chronic infections \\nInadequatedentition| Sharp points on molarsLoss of teeth \\n \\nInability to chew feed Quidding“of hayRegular dental care Diet*Pituitary/\\nthyroid dysfunction:Failure to shed winter coat in the summer Recurrent viral\\ninfections Chronic founder (laminitis) Increased water intake and urination\\nExcessive weight loss (pituitary) or gain (thyroid)Grooming/clipping Diet*\\nVaccination Water access Drug therapy(?)Kidney/ liver failureWeight loss\\nLethargy Poor appetite Difficult or frequent urination (kidney) Jaundice\\n(liver)Diet* Supplements*Grey hair appearing around ears, eyes and\\nforeheadThis is not a problem,merely a sign of aging\\n\\n^ *See Diet Recommendations in Table 2.\\n\\nTable 2. Dietary management of conditions associated with aging in horses\\n\\n## Recommended Diet\\n\\nCondition| Characteristics| Feeds/Supplements \\n---|---|--- \\nWeight loss not due to liver or kidney failure| 12 to 14% protein 7 to 10% fat\\nHigh digestibility Easily chewed| Grass or grass mix hay Complete pelleted or\\nextruded feeds Good quality pasture 1⁄4 to 1 cup vegetable oil/day Yeast\\nculture products Brewers yeast Beet pulp (soaked) Soybean meal (1/4 to 1/2 lb\\nper day) Avoid poor quality or high fiber hay \\nInadequatedentition| Easily chewed| “Soups” of complete pelleted orextruded\\nfeeds.Soaked hay cubes or beet pulpAvoid coarse hay and dry pelleted feeds \\nPituitary/ thyroid tumors “Cushing’s disease”| Reduced starch Highly\\ndigestible fiber sources Increased Vitamin C if chronic infections| Low\\nmolasses,high fat/fiber feeds Good quality hay or pasture (if\\nnotfoundered)0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight twice a day until healed \\nKidney failure| Restricted calciumprotein phosphorus| Grass hay Corn\\nmiloComplete feeds designed for adult, not aged, horses. Avoid legumes, wheat\\nbran, beet pulp \\nLiver failure| Restricted protein Increased starch Increased B-vitamins\\nIncreased Vitamin C| Grass hay, corn, 10% protein sweet feeds Sweet feeds\\ndesigned for maintenance B-complex supplement 0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body\\nweight Avoid legumes, high fat rations \\n \\n## References\\n\\nRalston, S.L. 1989. Digestive alterations in aged horses. J. Eq. Vet. Sci.\\n9:203-205, 1989.\\n\\nRalston, S.L. et al., 1988. Differences in diagnostic test results and\\nhematologic data between aged and young horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49:1387-1392.\\n\\nRalston, S.L. 2000. Unpublished data.\\n\\n© 2001 by Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment\\nStation, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. This material may be\\ncopied for educational purposes only by not-for-profit accredited educational\\ninstitutions.\\n\\n##### Posted By Equine Science Center at 1:17 am\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Academics\\n * Ask the Experts\\n * Faculty & Staff\\n\\n * Giving / Donate\\n * Kid’s Corner\\n * Library\\n * Outreach & Events\\n\\n * Research\\n * Resources\\n * What’s New\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n### Find Us On Social Media!\\n\\n * ESC on Facebook\\n\\n * ESC on Twitter\\n\\n * ESC YouTube Channel\\n\\nCopyright © 2020. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, an equal\\nopportunity, affirmative action institution. All rights reserved. | design by\\nNickelfish, IDM.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200923153203/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1368\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Users agree that automated translations may not effectively convert the intended design, meaning, and/or context of the website, may not translate images or PDF content, and may not take into account regional language differences. Any person that uses the translated site does so at that person’s own risk. UGA Extension is not responsible for any damages, costs, liability, or risk associated with any use, functionality, and/or content of the website translations.\",\n \"Horses have relatively long life spans compared to other livestock and companion animals, often living into their late 20s and early 30s. Many horses have productive careers into their 20s. In fact, in many disciplines, horses do not peak until their teenage years. Good nutrition, maintenance and veterinary care allow horses to lead longer and more productive lives. However, as horses age, their needs change and additional care may be required to keep them as healthy as possible. This publication addresses changes in the aging horse's body that impact its requirements, possible ways to meet these requirements, and solutions to problems that may occur.\",\n \"Have a question? Contact your local UGA Extension office to find out how our team of county agents can assist you.\",\n \"We have faculty and staff in every county across the state that are available to assist you. For information or the status on programs, contact your local Extension office by email or phone.\",\n \"We translate science of everyday living for farmers, families and communities to foster a healthy and prosperous Georgia. For more than a century, we've provided research and education through a network of committed specialists, agents and volunteers to help Georgians learn, grow and do more.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions | UGA Cooperative\\nExtension\\n\\nphoneContact Your County Office\\n\\nTranslation Disclaimer close\\n\\nUsers agree that automated translations may not effectively convert the\\nintended design, meaning, and/or context of the website, may not translate\\nimages or PDF content, and may not take into account regional language\\ndifferences. Any person that uses the translated site does so at that person’s\\nown risk. UGA Extension is not responsible for any damages, costs, liability,\\nor risk associated with any use, functionality, and/or content of the website\\ntranslations.\\n\\nFor more information, visit the Language Translation page.\\n\\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) information, resources, and updates for Georgia\\ncommunities chevron_right\\n\\nBulletin 1368\\n\\n# Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions\\n\\nBulletin 1368\\n\\nView PDF picture_as_pdf\\n\\nHorses have relatively long life spans compared to other livestock and\\ncompanion animals, often living into their late 20s and early 30s. Many horses\\nhave productive careers into their 20s. In fact, in many disciplines, horses\\ndo not peak until their teenage years. Good nutrition, maintenance and\\nveterinary care allow horses to lead longer and more productive lives.\\nHowever, as horses age, their needs change and additional care may be required\\nto keep them as healthy as possible. This publication addresses changes in the\\naging horse's body that impact its requirements, possible ways to meet these\\nrequirements, and solutions to problems that may occur.\\n\\nStatus and Revision History Published on Jul 07, 2010 Published with Full\\nReview on Jul 02, 2013\\n\\nFaculty\\n\\nKylee Jo Duberstein Associate Professor, Animal & Dairy Science\\n\\nHave a question? Contact your local UGA Extension office to find out how our\\nteam of county agents can assist you.\\n\\nSet County Preference\\n\\nRelated Publications\\n\\n * Equine Parasite Control: Moving Beyond Rotational Deworming (C 1193)\\n\\n * Basic Nutritional Guidelines for Equine Management (B 1356)\\n\\n * Feeding Strategies for Peak Performance in Horses (B 1365)\\n\\n## Contact Your Local Office\\n\\nWe have faculty and staff in every county across the state that are available\\nto assist you. For information or the status on programs, contact your local\\nExtension office by email or phone.\\n\\nPreferences close\\n\\nkeyboard_arrow_left Back\\n\\nPreferences close\\n\\nYou have successfully removed your county preference.\\n\\nOkay\\n\\n## What is UGA Extension?\\n\\nWe translate science of everyday living for farmers, families and communities\\nto foster a healthy and prosperous Georgia. For more than a century, we've\\nprovided research and education through a network of committed specialists,\\nagents and volunteers to help Georgians learn, grow and do more.\\n\\nAbout Us\\n\\n## Related Links:\\n\\n * Commodity Teams\\n * Georgia 4-H\\n * UGA College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences\\n * UGA College of Family & Consumer Sciences\\n * University of Georgia\\n\\n### Staff\\n\\n * Extension Staff Intranet\\n * Learning and Organizational Development\\n\\n * See All\\n\\nThe University of Georgia © 2020 | All rights reserved. | Accessibility Policy\\n| Privacy Policy | Automatic Site Translation\\n\\nAn Equal Opportunity, Affirmative Action, Veteran, Disability Institution\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":379,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":4989821,"string":"4,989,821"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Prepare Lobster Tails"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To prepare lobster tails, start by washing the tails thoroughly in hot water. Next, cut down the center of the shell from end to end and spread the shell apart. Then, rub the lobster meat with a mixture of salt, pepper, paprika, and lemon juice. Next, place the lobster tails on a baking sheet, cover it with foil, and place it the broiler. Finally, cook in a preheated broiler for 5 to 10 minutes until the meat becomes opaque and the outer tails turn a light shade of brown."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20160719073109/http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200510191955/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20150830053331/http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200416084704/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/","http://web.archive.org/web/20191003005642/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20180911021027/http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200812035646/https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160719073109/http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200510191955/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150830053331/http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416084704/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191003005642/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180911021027/http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812035646/https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2138,"string":"2,138"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160719073109/http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/","parsed_text":{"title":"Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine -","passages":["Well to start off with most reds do not pair well with Maine lobster. The reason being that the iodine in lobster does not react well with the tannins found in red wine, also the saltiness of seafood tends to bring out the bitterness of reds. Lobster is delicate and we want to accentuate the flavors, so a white it is! We want a white that has more mineral and vegetable notes and less fruity ones. Also, the manner in which the lobster is prepared will influence the choice of wine. You basically want to match bigger wines with richer dishes.","Fresh Seafood, especially anything spicy, goes best with white wine. The exception being, light reds or blush wines like Pinot Noir, Gamay, Sangrio Vese, Grenache and Rose. These light red wines are fine with Spaghetti with clam sauce, octopus, swordfish and tuna steaks, and salmon. Spicy seafood compliments full white wines with sweetness like Marsanne, Rousanne or Riesling.","– A Chablis’ unoaked and flint notes pair extremely well with lobster in many preparations. Req: Chablis 2007, Première Cuvée Les Pargues, Domaine Servin","– A Chardonnay’s vanilla notes pair well with lobster, as vanilla is a natural compliment to lobster and a classic in french cooking. Req:Chardonnay 2004, Alamos Ridge Argentine","– An Albarino turns out to be an unconventional but amazing pairing for lobster and any seafood in general. This is not surprising considering the fishing culture in the region where this wine is produced. Req: Albarino 2004, Pazo de Senorans","Here are more wines that go great with a lobster dinner. Dry crisp white wines, as Vinho Verde from Portugal, or Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc or Pinot Grigio from France go well with lobster and all lean white fish, raw clams and oysters. Full white wines as Italian Vermentino, Greek Assyrtiko, Chardonnay, Fume Blanc, Viognier and Pinot Gris pair well with lobster, crabs and oysters. Lobster, scallops and all shellfish taste delicious with Albarino and Verdelho (not to be confused with the red wine verdelho tinto) wines grown both domestic in California and in Spain and Portugal.","In addition to the above wines that go well with delicious seafood dishes — especially when doing a lobster tail wine pairing — the following list also has excellent matches: Alsace’s Riesling, a light yellow green wine, best served young and has a fruity taste. Bordeaux Graves white, grown in France in soil rich with gravel, clay and sand, and is fruity and dry. Burgundy’s Chablis from the Chardonnay grape, grown in limestone rich soil with fossils and oysters; golden in color and has a nose smell of green apple and lemon and a mouth aroma of vanilla, lemon and linden.","Sparkling wines are best with all fried seafood. A bubbling Toso Brut from Argentina will cut through weighty foods like tempura and beer battered fish. Light and refreshing, it offers aromas of lemon and apple. Shrimp dishes, whether steamed, grilled, sautéed or in a cocktail go very nicely with a Spanish dry Fino Sherry.","Now don’t forget to pick up your seafood from LobsterAnywhere.com. For over ten years, this online lobster company has shipped premium live lobster, and sensationally fresh seafood to just about anywhere in the USA. Whether you are looking for a wine pairing with lobster tail, craving a lobster dinner for two, or looking for the perfect business or personal gift, you can trust LobsterAnywhere.com to delivery the best tasting seafood fresh to your door.","The lobsters were fabulous and all your arrangements were perfectly orchestrated. Thanks for your help and if I ever do this again, will call you or pass on your name to those looking for fresh Maine lobsters.","Lobster bisque is an elegant soup known for its rich flavor and crimson color. The main ingredient in this coastal favorite is the king of the sea, Homarus americanus. Due to the relative fame and ubiquity of lobster in the state of Maine, lobster bisque has become a delicious culinary staple. Generally, “bisque” refers to [...]"]},"parsed_md":"Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine -\n\n0 items - $0.00\n\n * Register\n * Sign In\n\n * Need Help?\n\n * Help Desk\n * Lobster Facts\n * Order Tracking\n * Blog\n\n * News\n * Holidays & Celebrations\n * New England Style\n * Seafood Savvy\n * Lobster University\n\n * Lobster 101\n * How to Buy Live Lobster\n * Ways to Cook Lobster\n * Handling and Care\n * Recipes\n * Contact\n\n * Chat Live\n\n### Navigation\n\nLobsterAnywhere.com Live Maine Lobster Delivery and Fresh Seafood Gifts\n\nHome Lobster Tails Blog Seafood Savvy Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine\n\n# Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine\n\nPosted on August 8, 2012 in Seafood Savvy 0\n\nWell to start off with most reds do not pair well with Maine lobster. The\nreason being that the iodine in lobster does not react well with the tannins\nfound in red wine, also the saltiness of seafood tends to bring out the\nbitterness of reds. Lobster is delicate and we want to accentuate the flavors,\nso a white it is! We want a white that has more mineral and vegetable notes\nand less fruity ones. Also, the manner in which the lobster is prepared will\ninfluence the choice of wine. You basically want to match bigger wines with\nricher dishes.\n\nFresh Seafood, especially anything spicy, goes best with white wine. The\nexception being, light reds or blush wines like Pinot Noir, Gamay, Sangrio\nVese, Grenache and Rose. These light red wines are fine with Spaghetti with\nclam sauce, octopus, swordfish and tuna steaks, and salmon. Spicy seafood\ncompliments full white wines with sweetness like Marsanne, Rousanne or\nRiesling.\n\nPair these wines with your lobster to start:\n\n– A Chablis’ unoaked and flint notes pair extremely well with lobster in many\npreparations. Req: Chablis 2007, Première Cuvée Les Pargues, Domaine Servin\n\n– A Chardonnay’s vanilla notes pair well with lobster, as vanilla is a natural\ncompliment to lobster and a classic in french cooking. Req:Chardonnay 2004,\nAlamos Ridge Argentine\n\n– An Albarino turns out to be an unconventional but amazing pairing for\nlobster and any seafood in general. This is not surprising considering the\nfishing culture in the region where this wine is produced. Req: Albarino 2004,\nPazo de Senorans\n\nHere are more wines that go great with a lobster dinner. Dry crisp white\nwines, as Vinho Verde from Portugal, or Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc or Pinot\nGrigio from France go well with lobster and all lean white fish, raw clams and\noysters. Full white wines as Italian Vermentino, Greek Assyrtiko, Chardonnay,\nFume Blanc, Viognier and Pinot Gris pair well with lobster, crabs and oysters.\nLobster, scallops and all shellfish taste delicious with Albarino and Verdelho\n(not to be confused with the red wine verdelho tinto) wines grown both\ndomestic in California and in Spain and Portugal.\n\nIn addition to the above wines that go well with delicious seafood dishes —\nespecially when doing a lobster tail wine pairing — the following list also\nhas excellent matches: Alsace’s Riesling, a light yellow green wine, best\nserved young and has a fruity taste. Bordeaux Graves white, grown in France in\nsoil rich with gravel, clay and sand, and is fruity and dry. Burgundy’s\nChablis from the Chardonnay grape, grown in limestone rich soil with fossils\nand oysters; golden in color and has a nose smell of green apple and lemon and\na mouth aroma of vanilla, lemon and linden.\n\nSparkling wines are best with all fried seafood. A bubbling Toso Brut from\nArgentina will cut through weighty foods like tempura and beer battered fish.\nLight and refreshing, it offers aromas of lemon and apple. Shrimp dishes,\nwhether steamed, grilled, sautéed or in a cocktail go very nicely with a\nSpanish dry Fino Sherry.\n\nNow don’t forget to pick up your seafood from LobsterAnywhere.com. For over\nten years, this online lobster company has shipped premium live lobster, and\nsensationally fresh seafood to just about anywhere in the USA. Whether you are\nlooking for a wine pairing with lobster tail, craving a lobster dinner for\ntwo, or looking for the perfect business or personal gift, you can trust\nLobsterAnywhere.com to delivery the best tasting seafood fresh to your door.\n\nCalifornia Lobster Rush: The Best Spots for Maine Lobster\n\nMaine Lobster for Mother’s Day Dinner\n\n##### No comments yet.\n\n### Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply.\n\n### Shop Seafood\n\n * Lobster Specials\n * Live Lobster\n * Lobster Tails\n * Chowder, Bisque, Soups\n * Lobster Dinners\n * Lobster Meat\n * Maine Favorites\n * Lobster Rolls\n * Fresh Seafood\n * Fresh Shrimp\n * Seafood Appetizers\n * Surf and Turf\n * Desserts & Sweets\n * Gift Certificates\n * Seafood Tools\n\nSubscribe to our Specials\n\nShipping Info\n\nGive a Gift Certificate\n\n * ## Testimonials\n\n### Fresh Lobsters\n\n> The lobsters were fabulous and all your arrangements were perfectly\n> orchestrated. Thanks for your help and if I ever do this again, will call\n> you or pass on your name to those looking for fresh Maine lobsters.\n\nFresh Lobsters for Company Party, Take best of care, Kim DiPasquantonio, BASF\n\nMore Reviews\n\n * ## Lobster Tales\n\n * ## Making Lobster Bisque: A Rich History\n\n### July 7, 2016\n\n> Lobster bisque is an elegant soup known for its rich flavor and crimson\n> color. The main ingredient in this coastal favorite is the king of the sea,\n> Homarus americanus. Due to the relative fame and ubiquity of lobster in the\n> state of Maine, lobster bisque has become a delicious culinary staple.\n> Generally, “bisque” refers to [...]\n>\n> more...\n\n### Lobster 101\n\nFind everything you need to know about the king of the sea-- Maine lobster.\n\n### Maine lobster Cooking Guide\n\nAre you intimidated about cooking lobster and fresh seafood. No worries.\nLobsters are a snap to cook.\n\n### Lobster & Seafood Glossary\n\nNew England Seafood Glossary A to Z guide.\n\n### How to Buy Maine lobster\n\nGet the the facts on how to buy the very best Maine lobster\n\nGot a Seafood Question?\n\nAsk Lobster Louie\n\nLearn More\n\nEstablished in 1999, we are New England's mail order seafood company. Learn\nMore\n\n### Sign Up for our Newsletter\n\nSSL Certificate\n\n### More Information\n\n * Cooking Lobster\n * Sand Dollar Rewards\n * From Trap to Table\n * New England Seafood Glossary\n * Clam Bakes\n * Wholesale\n * Blog\n * Affiliate Program\n * Sitemap\n\n### Connect with us\n\n * Google+\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Youtube\n\n© Copyright 2016 LobsterAnywhere.com. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200510191955/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Learn How to Butterfly a Lobster Tails","passages":["Butterflying lobster tails is the method of preparation most common in restaurants. This method results in a lobster tail that puffs out of the shell and makes for a spectecular presentation. This is one of the more complex methods of cooking a lobster tail but this step-by-step guide will show you how to cook lobster tails like a pro.","Continue to pry the shell away from the meat but keep the back of the meat connected to the shell","Once the meat is freed, grab the meat, squeeze the shell together to close the gap and lay the meat on top of the shell","Prepare lobster marinade of melted butter, a dash of peprika, a dash of garlic powder, a squirt of lemon juice and a dash of white pepper.","Move the lobster tails to a pan and broil according the chart below. Baste tail with marinade half way through cooking."]},"parsed_md":"Butterflying Lobster Tails - Learn How to Butterfly a Lobster Tails\n\nYou are here: Cooking Lobster - Butterflying Lobster Tails\n\n## Menu:\n\n * Home\n * Cooking Lobster\n * Lobster Recipes\n * Lobster FAQ's\n * Types of Lobster\n * Lobster History\n * Buy Lobster Online\n * The Seafood Store\n\nBuy Lobster\n\nFresh Live Maine Lobster shipped directly to your door. Order here »\n\n### Maine Lobster Tails\n\nSucculent Jumbo Maine Lobster Tails from the icy waters of the Atlantic Ocean.\nOrder here »\n\n## Butterflying Lobster Tails\n\nLearn how to butterfly a lobster tail\n\nButterflying lobster tails is the method of preparation most common in\nrestaurants. This method results in a lobster tail that puffs out of the shell\nand makes for a spectecular presentation. This is one of the more complex\nmethods of cooking a lobster tail but this step-by-step guide will show you\nhow to cook lobster tails like a pro.\n\nBelow are directions for butterflying 6oz lobster tails\n\nDefrost the lobster tails\n\nGrab your kitchen shears\n\nBegin the cut with the bottom blade right under the shell. Only cut the shell\nand not the meat.\n\nProceed the cut down the center all the way to the base of the tale\n\nCut to base of tail\n\nGrab each side of the shell and gently pry away the shell away from the meat\n\nContinue to pry the shell away from the meat but keep the back of the meat\nconnected to the shell\n\nOnce the meat is freed, grab the meat, squeeze the shell together to close the\ngap and lay the meat on top of the shell\n\nThe meat on top of the shell\n\nCut a small slit in the top of the meat\n\nGrab the loose part of the meat and fold over the shell\n\nHere's the meat folded over each side of the lobster shell\n\nCut additional slits on the top for presentation\n\nPrepare lobster marinade of melted butter, a dash of peprika, a dash of garlic\npowder, a squirt of lemon juice and a dash of white pepper.\n\nDrizzle lobster tail with marinade\n\nMove the lobster tails to a pan and broil according the chart below. Baste\ntail with marinade half way through cooking.\n\nRemove tails from pan, dunk in butter and enjoy!\n\n### Lobster Cooking Times\n\nbroil lobster tail according to the times below\n\nLobster Tail Weight\n\n| Cooking Time \n---|--- \n \n2 Oz.\n\n| 12 minutes \n \n4 Oz.\n\n| 18 minutes \n \n6 Oz.\n\n| 22 minutes \n \n8 Oz.\n\n| 26 minutes \n \n12 Oz.\n\n| 30 minutes \n \n14 Oz. +\n\n| 35 minutes \n \nCooking times vary, make sure you keep an eye on the lobster tail so it\ndoesn't burn!\n\nOnce the lobster is cooked, unwrap the tail, dunk in butter and enjoy!\n\nOther helpful resources:\n\nEasiest Way to Cook Lobster - Learn the easiest to cook lobster.\n\nEasiest Way to Eat Lobster - Learn the easiest way to eat lobster.\n\nLobster Tail Recipe - Recipes for lobster tails.\n\nLobster Butter - Learn how to make clarified butter for lobster.\n\nFrozen Lobster Tails - Learn what to buy and how to cook frozen lobster tails.\n\nBuy Lobster - Fresh Maine Lobster and lobster tails delivered to you!\n\nHome | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Contact us | Advertise| Site Map\n\n© 2008 LobsterHelp.com\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150830053331/http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/","parsed_text":{"title":"Broiled Lobster Tails Recipe","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Broiled Lobster Tails Recipe - Allrecipes.com\n\nArgentina | Australia & New Zealand | Brazil | Canada | China | France |\nGermany | India | Italy | Japan | Korea | Mexico\n\nNetherlands | Poland | Quebec | Russia | SE Asia | United Kingdom & Ireland |\nUnited States\n\n© Copyright 2015 Allrecipes.com | All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy—Your\nCalifornia Rights | Data Policy | Terms of Service | AdChoices\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416084704/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Make Clarified Butter","passages":["Clarified butter isn't limited to just your favorite seafood restaurants anymore. Learn how to clarify butter at home so you can use it for dipping lobster tails and sautéing at high temperatures. We'll also help clear up any confusion about the difference between clarified butter and ghee, and share some of our best butter recipes. Get ready for this lobster dinner essential to hit your table!","To clarify butter, melt the butter over low heat in a heavy saucepan without stirring. When the butter is completely melted, you will see a clear, oily layer on top of a milky layer with a foamy layer at the surface. Use a spoon to skim the foamy layer off the top, then slowly pour the clear liquid into a dish, leaving the milky layer at the bottom in the pan. The clear liquid is the clarified butter. Discard the milky liquid. (You also can strain the butter through cheesecloth to remove the foamy layer.)","The clarified butter will keep up to 1 month in the refrigerator. Although best known as a dipping sauce for lobster, clarified butter can be heated to high temperatures without burning. That makes it a good choice when you want to sauté foods at high temperatures.","What's the difference between clarified butter and ghee? Ghee is a type of clarified butter that has been cooked a bit longer, and its origins can be traced to the Indian subcontinent. It's commonly used in Asian and Middle Eastern cooking, but you can sometimes substitute clarified butter for recipes that call for ghee. The process for making ghee is very similar to making clarified butter, and sometimes spices are added to ghee for flavor.","You can't separate lobster tails and clarified butter, but there are a few other tricks you can do with butter. Try these recipes with clarified butter, or try one of our flavored or compound butter recipes for a new twist.","BH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Data Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"]},"parsed_md":"How to Make Clarified Butter | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n## Explore Better Homes & Gardens\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens Better Homes & Gardens\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletter\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * BH&G Insider\n * BH&G Magazine Archive\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# How to Make Clarified Butter\n\nClarified butter isn't limited to just your favorite seafood restaurants\nanymore. Learn how to clarify butter at home so you can use it for dipping\nlobster tails and sautéing at high temperatures. We'll also help clear up any\nconfusion about the difference between clarified butter and ghee, and share\nsome of our best butter recipes. Get ready for this lobster dinner essential\nto hit your table!\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print Comment\n\n## How to Clarify Butter\n\nTo clarify butter, melt the butter over low heat in a heavy saucepan without\nstirring. When the butter is completely melted, you will see a clear, oily\nlayer on top of a milky layer with a foamy layer at the surface. Use a spoon\nto skim the foamy layer off the top, then slowly pour the clear liquid into a\ndish, leaving the milky layer at the bottom in the pan. The clear liquid is\nthe clarified butter. Discard the milky liquid. (You also can strain the\nbutter through cheesecloth to remove the foamy layer.)\n\nThe clarified butter will keep up to 1 month in the refrigerator. Although\nbest known as a dipping sauce for lobster, clarified butter can be heated to\nhigh temperatures without burning. That makes it a good choice when you want\nto sauté foods at high temperatures.\n\nLearn how to cook lobster for dipping in your clarified butter.\n\n## Ghee vs. Clarified Butter\n\nWhat's the difference between clarified butter and ghee? Ghee is a type of\nclarified butter that has been cooked a bit longer, and its origins can be\ntraced to the Indian subcontinent. It's commonly used in Asian and Middle\nEastern cooking, but you can sometimes substitute clarified butter for recipes\nthat call for ghee. The process for making ghee is very similar to making\nclarified butter, and sometimes spices are added to ghee for flavor.\n\nTry ghee in our Naan Bread recipe!\n\n## It's All About Butter\n\nYou can't separate lobster tails and clarified butter, but there are a few\nother tricks you can do with butter. Try these recipes with clarified butter,\nor try one of our flavored or compound butter recipes for a new twist.\n\nBroiled Lobster Tails with Garlic-Chili Butter\n\nLobster Tails with Chive Butter\n\nSeasoned Roasted Garlic Butter\n\nCompound Butters\n\nLavender Butter\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Comments\n\nBe the first to comment!\n\n## Share options\n\n## Comment on this project\n\nComment on this story\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n * Countertop Blenders\n * Food Processors\n * Crock Pots\n * Knife Sets\n * Cutting Boards\n * Spatulas\n * Colanders & Strainers\n * Can Openers\n * Skillets\n * Slow Cookers\n * Shop More\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens may receive compensation when you click through and\npurchase from links contained on this website.\n\n * Better Homes & Gardens Products at Walmart\n * Better Homes & Gardens Real Estate Services\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * Myrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * Mywedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nBH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\nData Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a\nnew tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.bhg.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow to Make Clarified Butter\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20191003005642/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Buying Lobster Tails Guide","passages":["Are Thinking About Buying Lobster Tails? Whether you serve them alone or with a steak (Surf and Turf), you will want to read this article so you don't spend more than you have to when it comes to Delicious Lobster Tails.","When it comes to lobster tails, the first and most likely the most important decision you will make is whether to buy warm water or cold water tails.","According to an industry expert: 1 out of 5 warm water tails that he handled while in the restaurant business were bad. What does he mean by bad? The tail stays mushy after being cooked it doesn't firm up firms up but falls apart easily has an ammonia odor","Over his 25 year experience and having cooked more than 10,000 lobsters, he figures he only had 5 bad ones. That's some difference. It tells me if you want to avoid a disappointment when making a special diner, you want to buy cold water tails.","Yes, you will pay more for cold water tails. Atleast $5.00 difference per pound or more but I think of it as buying an insurance policy. It will end up costing a lot more if you end up throwing one of the tails away besides ruining a beautiful dinner.","Ask before you buy:. If you buy from the a seafood counter then ask. If you are buying the lobster tails in a package, Read the label carefully. Generally if the package stats only: Lobster Tails, assume they are warm water. You want to know specifically if they are from water water or cold water tails. If the seafood clerk doesn't know, it might be a wiser idea to find a more reputable source of lobster tails. If you can’t find lobster local, then for a premium you can order lobster online. Check out the Lobster Market.","Check their shells: Caribbean warm water tails have distinct yellow spots and a yellow band across the tail. Australian tails don't have these markings.","There is a definite difference in taste and quality between warm and cold water tails. The cold water tails have whiter meat and are considered more tender because they grow more slowly in colder water. Most people will tell you the more expensive cold water tails also have a cleaner more succulent taste.","Most of us think of live Maine lobsters with those two large, meaty claws when we think of lobsters. You buy them live in many supermarkets today or have them sent to you via the Internet. If a Maine lobster is missing a claw, it is called a \"cull\".","Spiny lobsters, also called Rock Lobster, have no claws but hard shells and very long antennae. They come from both warm and cold water climates and are the most the source for frozen lobster tails. There are more than 40 species of clawless lobsters found around the world. They can grow as large as 15 pounds but most range from 1 to 5 pounds.","Maine Lobster Tails are harder to find because they are more expensive. The Maine lobster outgrows their tail meat after they reach one pound so the bigger the lobster, the less tail meat. In a one pound lobster, there is about 6 ounces of meat in a Maine Lobster tail but 7 1/2 ounces in a New Zealand clawless tail. How to buy frozen lobster tails.","If you see lobster tails at some unbelievable price, they most likely are warm water tails or you will pay for what you get. If they are not marked warm water or cold water and no place of origin given, assume they are warm water tails.","If you see discoloration in the flesh, especially black spots, figure they were not handled properly. If the tail has a grayish color, it is a sign the lobster wasn't alive during processing.","Any signs of yellowing or dull meat should be avoided. Ask your fish purveyor if the tails have been soaked in sodium tripoyphosphate prior to freezing. If it has, don't buy them. Look out for \"glazing\". This is when water is injected between the meat and the shell before freezing. It adds up to 20% additional weight to the tail so you pay more for less. Typically only done to warm water tails to protect during storage. The best time of year to buy lobsters is during the winter when prices tend to be lower.","\"Ok here is the deal!!! We do not have a calling for lobster all the time but when we do we go : with the best!!! We ordered about 130 cold water tails... What makes the tail \"Mush\" after : being cooked????? This is upsetting. A majority of people didnt have a problem. We did : have five come back. I checked them and they have the consistency of a grainy paste. It : is like it decomposed!!! My father who has done this since forever says that that means they : are old... I had guests that think its from over cooking. Help me out here!!!\"","I read your problem regarding your mushy Cold Water Lobster Tails. My first question would be are you sure you received “Cold Water” Lobster Tails? Many tails are sold as “Cold Water” type or North Atlantic Cold Water Lobster and many other names which are created to sell Lobster Tails. True “Cold Water” Lobster Tails come from South Africa, New Zealand and South Australia.","Now as to why the tails turned mushy-Lets start with the tails which are marketed as North Atlantic or Maine Lobster Tails. This species “Homarus Americanus” will produce a mushy tail if the tail is taken from dead Lobsters- It is true that these crustaceans are caught in cold water but they are not included in the “Cold Water” class.","Now for the “Warm Water” spiny Lobster Tails. These type of tails are the type in which mushy tails are most often found. The Lobster in order to molt (to shed an outer covering) has to remove and store the calcium which is in its shell. The removal allows its present shell to soften. The Lobster pumps in water between the softened shell and its new shell, which is soft. The old shell will split and the new shell will start to harden. The calcium which the Lobster has stored in the meat of its tail is used to help harden the new shell. If a Lobster is harvested while the calcium is stored in the tail, this tail will be mushy. It is possible to look at a Lobster and tell if the Lobster is ready to molt-a look at the eyestalks will be a good indicator. The eyestalk will be cloudy if the Lobster is getting ready to molt.","The producers of “Cold Water” Lobster have very good Quality Control-they will not accept any molting Lobsters-warm water tails are most often produced in countries which are interested in money “if you catch it we sell it, & the guy on the end of the line takes the hit”.","As you well know, be sure your supplier is giving you what you are paying for- it is very uncommon to get a mushy true Cold Water Lobster Tail. To Conclude, an over cooked Lobster Tail will not be mushy but will get tough as the muscle shrinks as the cooking time goes along."]},"parsed_md":"Buying Lobster Tails Guide - How to Find the Best Lobster Tails\n\nYou are here: Cooking Lobster Tails\n\n## Menu:\n\n * Home\n * Cooking Lobster\n * Lobster Recipes\n * Lobster FAQ's\n * Types of Lobster\n * Lobster History\n * Buy Lobster Online\n * The Seafood Store\n\n# Buying Lobster Tails Guide\n\n### Learn what to look for when buying lobster tails\n\nAre Thinking About Buying Lobster Tails? Whether you serve them alone or with\na steak (Surf and Turf), you will want to read this article so you don't spend\nmore than you have to when it comes to Delicious Lobster Tails.\n\n## Warm or Cold Water Tails ?\n\nWhen it comes to lobster tails, the first and most likely the most important\ndecision you will make is whether to buy warm water or cold water tails.\n\nWarm-water lobster tails are mainly from Florida, the Caribbean, Cuba,\nNicaragua and Latin America.\n\nCold-water lobster tails are commonly found from Maine, Australia, New Zealand\nand South Africa\n\nAccording to an industry expert: 1 out of 5 warm water tails that he handled\nwhile in the restaurant business were bad. What does he mean by bad? The tail\nstays mushy after being cooked it doesn't firm up firms up but falls apart\neasily has an ammonia odor\n\n### Experience with cold water lobster tails?\n\nOver his 25 year experience and having cooked more than 10,000 lobsters, he\nfigures he only had 5 bad ones. That's some difference. It tells me if you\nwant to avoid a disappointment when making a special diner, you want to buy\ncold water tails.\n\nYes, you will pay more for cold water tails. Atleast $5.00 difference per\npound or more but I think of it as buying an insurance policy. It will end up\ncosting a lot more if you end up throwing one of the tails away besides\nruining a beautiful dinner.\n\n#### How can you tell the difference between warm water and cold water tails?\n\nAsk before you buy:. If you buy from the a seafood counter then ask. If you\nare buying the lobster tails in a package, Read the label carefully. Generally\nif the package stats only: Lobster Tails, assume they are warm water. You want\nto know specifically if they are from water water or cold water tails. If the\nseafood clerk doesn't know, it might be a wiser idea to find a more reputable\nsource of lobster tails. If you can’t find lobster local, then for a premium\nyou can order lobster online. Check out the Lobster Market.\n\nCheck their shells: Caribbean warm water tails have distinct yellow spots and\na yellow band across the tail. Australian tails don't have these markings.\n\n#### Warm Water Lobster Tail\n\nSpiny Lobster Tail\n\n##### Cold Water Lobster Tail\n\nMaine Lobster Tail\n\n###### Quality and Taste Differences\n\nThere is a definite difference in taste and quality between warm and cold\nwater tails. The cold water tails have whiter meat and are considered more\ntender because they grow more slowly in colder water. Most people will tell\nyou the more expensive cold water tails also have a cleaner more succulent\ntaste.\n\nClawed or Unclawed?\n\nMost of us think of live Maine lobsters with those two large, meaty claws when\nwe think of lobsters. You buy them live in many supermarkets today or have\nthem sent to you via the Internet. If a Maine lobster is missing a claw, it is\ncalled a \"cull\".\n\nSpiny lobsters, also called Rock Lobster, have no claws but hard shells and\nvery long antennae. They come from both warm and cold water climates and are\nthe most the source for frozen lobster tails. There are more than 40 species\nof clawless lobsters found around the world. They can grow as large as 15\npounds but most range from 1 to 5 pounds.\n\nMaine Lobster Tails are harder to find because they are more expensive. The\nMaine lobster outgrows their tail meat after they reach one pound so the\nbigger the lobster, the less tail meat. In a one pound lobster, there is about\n6 ounces of meat in a Maine Lobster tail but 7 1/2 ounces in a New Zealand\nclawless tail. How to buy frozen lobster tails.\n\nIf you see lobster tails at some unbelievable price, they most likely are warm\nwater tails or you will pay for what you get. If they are not marked warm\nwater or cold water and no place of origin given, assume they are warm water\ntails.\n\nIf you see discoloration in the flesh, especially black spots, figure they\nwere not handled properly. If the tail has a grayish color, it is a sign the\nlobster wasn't alive during processing.\n\nAny signs of yellowing or dull meat should be avoided. Ask your fish purveyor\nif the tails have been soaked in sodium tripoyphosphate prior to freezing. If\nit has, don't buy them. Look out for \"glazing\". This is when water is injected\nbetween the meat and the shell before freezing. It adds up to 20% additional\nweight to the tail so you pay more for less. Typically only done to warm water\ntails to protect during storage. The best time of year to buy lobsters is\nduring the winter when prices tend to be lower.\n\nClick here to learn how to cook lobster tails\n\nAnother interesting lobster tail story\n\nIn Reply to: Cooking Lobster Tails posted by Joseph A. Gargano on December 23,\n1999 at 18:56:52:\n\n\"Ok here is the deal!!! We do not have a calling for lobster all the time but\nwhen we do we go : with the best!!! We ordered about 130 cold water tails...\nWhat makes the tail \"Mush\" after : being cooked????? This is upsetting. A\nmajority of people didnt have a problem. We did : have five come back. I\nchecked them and they have the consistency of a grainy paste. It : is like it\ndecomposed!!! My father who has done this since forever says that that means\nthey : are old... I had guests that think its from over cooking. Help me out\nhere!!!\"\n\nI read your problem regarding your mushy Cold Water Lobster Tails. My first\nquestion would be are you sure you received “Cold Water” Lobster Tails? Many\ntails are sold as “Cold Water” type or North Atlantic Cold Water Lobster and\nmany other names which are created to sell Lobster Tails. True “Cold Water”\nLobster Tails come from South Africa, New Zealand and South Australia.\n\nNow as to why the tails turned mushy-Lets start with the tails which are\nmarketed as North Atlantic or Maine Lobster Tails. This species “Homarus\nAmericanus” will produce a mushy tail if the tail is taken from dead Lobsters-\nIt is true that these crustaceans are caught in cold water but they are not\nincluded in the “Cold Water” class.\n\nNow for the “Warm Water” spiny Lobster Tails. These type of tails are the type\nin which mushy tails are most often found. The Lobster in order to molt (to\nshed an outer covering) has to remove and store the calcium which is in its\nshell. The removal allows its present shell to soften. The Lobster pumps in\nwater between the softened shell and its new shell, which is soft. The old\nshell will split and the new shell will start to harden. The calcium which the\nLobster has stored in the meat of its tail is used to help harden the new\nshell. If a Lobster is harvested while the calcium is stored in the tail, this\ntail will be mushy. It is possible to look at a Lobster and tell if the\nLobster is ready to molt-a look at the eyestalks will be a good indicator. The\neyestalk will be cloudy if the Lobster is getting ready to molt.\n\nThe producers of “Cold Water” Lobster have very good Quality Control-they will\nnot accept any molting Lobsters-warm water tails are most often produced in\ncountries which are interested in money “if you catch it we sell it, & the guy\non the end of the line takes the hit”.\n\nAs you well know, be sure your supplier is giving you what you are paying for-\nit is very uncommon to get a mushy true Cold Water Lobster Tail. To Conclude,\nan over cooked Lobster Tail will not be mushy but will get tough as the muscle\nshrinks as the cooking time goes along. \n \n--- \n \nHome | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Contact us | Advertise| Site Map\n\n© 2010 LobsterHelp.com\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180911021027/http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/","parsed_text":{"title":"Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market","passages":["Even if lobsters could fly, they still would not reach your door faster or fresher than we ship them to you. Find out what makes our shipping better.","Find great Maine Lobster Recipes, and create your own online cookbook. Rate and rank our recipes, bookmark your favorites, and add your own.","While most of the great seafood products we sell can be shipped anywhere in the United States, some cannot. That’s what makes them special! You find them in our ‘Whats In-Strore” section in the online market. You can order , choose the day you want to pick up, and pay all online. Then, just come by at on the day you chose and pick it up. Easy-peasy. Of course, any of our shippable products can also be ordered and picked up at the store, too."]},"parsed_md":"Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market | Rockport, Maine\n\n * # Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market\n\n * • 800-535-5358\n * • Rockport, Maine\n * •\n\nThe Freshest You Can Get Without Getting Wet\n\n## Prepared Meals Shipped Fresh To Your Home\n\nShop Prepared Meals\n\n## Maine Lobster Shipped Live This is as fresh as it gets!\n\nShop Now\n\n### Buy Maine Seafood\n\nBuy live lobster, fresh seafood, prepared meals, and even sea vegetables.\nPlus, lobster gift certificates, Maine products and more.\n\n### If Lobsters Could Fly\n\nEven if lobsters could fly, they still would not reach your door faster or\nfresher than we ship them to you. Find out what makes our shipping better.\n\n### Your Maine Cookbook\n\nFind great Maine Lobster Recipes, and create your own online cookbook. Rate\nand rank our recipes, bookmark your favorites, and add your own.\n\n## Store Pick-Up Specials\n\nWhile most of the great seafood products we sell can be shipped anywhere in\nthe United States, some cannot. That’s what makes them special! You find them\nin our ‘Whats In-Strore” section in the online market. You can order , choose\nthe day you want to pick up, and pay all online. Then, just come by at on the\nday you chose and pick it up. Easy-peasy. Of course, any of our shippable\nproducts can also be ordered and picked up at the store, too.\n\nThe Freshest You Can Get Without Getting Wet\n\n#### Graffam Bros. Seafood Market.\n\n211 Union Street, Rockport, Maine 04856 800-535-5358 • 207-236-8391 •\nLobstersToGo@GraffamBros.com\n\n© 2018, Graffam Bros. Seafood Market • Privacy Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812035646/https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Broil Lobster Tails with Tips","passages":["For Mother’s Day, my wife was in the mood for a lobster dinner so I picked up a few lobster tails on my Costco run last weekend. Unfortunately, they only had warm water lobster tails for sale and I prefer cold water lobster. You can read all about why I like cold water lobster over warm water lobster in my post Buying Lobster Tails.","There are several ways to prepare lobster tails but my favorite cooking method is to broil them. It doesn’t take long to prep and cook them and the presentation is amazing.","The answer to this depends on several factors – size of the lobster tails, distance from the broiler, gas or electric broiler all contribute to how long they will take to cook. I can tell you it takes exactly 8 minutes under the broiler to cook but then you may find them over or under cooked. I can give you a time range but you have to pay attention to them while they cook.","Figure about 1 minute per ounce so a 4 ounce tail will take approximately 4 minutes but again, this depends on how close you have them to the broiler, are they at room temperature when you start and the efficiency of your oven.","Part of the problem for me when cooking something like lobster tails is I don’t cook them that often. Last time I broiled a lobster for one of my kid’s birthdays, I put them too close to the broiler and the tops were burned. This time I put them a little too far from the broiler and one of them (the largest tail) was undercooked and I had to throw it back in for another minute.","If you worked in a restaurant and prepared 30 broiled lobster tails every night, 7 days a week, you’d be an expert very quickly but when you only cook them a couple of times a year, the most important thing you can do is pay attention while they are cooking.","Removing the lobster meat from the shell is not that difficult. There are two ways I’ve seen this done. One, make a single cut to the top part of the shell with kitchen scissors right down the middle from the open end of the lobster tail toward the tail end .","The other way is to make two cuts, 1 inch apart, down the center of the tail again from the open end toward the tail. I usually just make one cut because cutting through the tails with scissors is not that easy however, it is easier to get the tail meat out with the double cut.","If you are using frozen lobster tails, be sure to allow enough time to thaw them out properly. Take fresh or thawed out lobster tails out of the refrigerator before you start broiling them. You don’t want to start with cold tails.","I like to keep things simple when it comes to lobster. MELTED BUTTER. That’s it. I brush a little on at the start and serve more in a small dipping bowl with the lobster. If you have the time, try making some clarified butter to serve with your tails. Many people season their lobsters with salt & pepper and paprika can be added for its flavor and appearance. Of course lemon is a natural condiment to serve on the side. In our house, we like it simple – just butter.","Start by moving one of the oven racks to the second highest position. I found if you place it at the highest position, there is a better chance of burning the exteriors before the internal meat is cooked. Preheat the broiler while you prep the lobsters.","Using kitchen scissors, make a cut on the top part of the shell from the open end to the tail. Be careful to cut only the shell but if you get a little lobster meat in the process, don’t worry about it. More importantly, be careful not to cut yourself.","Gently pull the shell apart with your fingers being very careful not to cut yourself on the shell edges (they can be very sharp). When there is enough room to get your fingers inside the shell, gently separate the lobster meat from the sides of the shell. Work your fingers underneath to completely separate the meat from the shell.","Carefully lift the lobster meat up from inside the shell so it ends up sitting on top of the shell. The meat will still be attached to the shell at the fan end. Brush a little butter onto the tails. If you want to season them, now is the time.","You could also add a little salt and pepper to the butter before applying. Be sure to use a different melted butter than the one you are going to serve with the finished tails. You don’t want any potential cross contamination.","Place the lobster tails under the broiler and cook until the lobsters are done. Don’t you love it when someone says, “Cook until done.”? The tails are done when the meat is no longer translucent and becomes opaque.","If you have an instant-read thermometer, the internal temperature should be around 145oF or 63oC. If you don’t have a instant-read thermometer, you have to go by time and weight. Be careful not to overcook or you’ll end up with rubbery lobster meat.","In my opinion, I would rather under-cook them and have to put them back under the broiler than overcook them. Serve the lobster tails immediately with melted butter and any other seasonings you decide to serve with them.","So the old adage, \"Buyer Beware\" really rings true when it comes to buying live lobster . Unless you have a lot of disposable income, serving live lobster is an extravagant treat for a special occasion. Be careful to buy the best product you can afford so you don't end up with an inferior product. The links below are affiliate links.","For over three decades, Lobster Anywhere has provided live Maine lobsters and premium seafood to white tablecloth restaurants, hotels, and large institutions throughout the United States. They established an unparalleled reputation for serving customers with discerning taste. If you want live Maine lobsters, and fresh seafood delivered overnight for your business or special event, you can count on Lobster Anywhere to deliver.","Know for their crabs but another great resource for live Maine lobsters and other seafood. Greg Cain started CrabPlace.com in 1997 in Crisfield, Maryland, America’s seafood capital by selling and shipping fresh Maryland crab caught daily by local watermen. Their unique packing and delivery processes kept crabs at their freshest, and our satisfied customer base grew quickly. They expanded to selling live Maine lobsters and lobster tails and pride themselves on delivering fresh seafood from the dock to your door, and to your table. They are committed to ensuring that their service is as outstanding as their food. Your complete satisfaction is their goal, and they back that up with their CrabPlace.com Guarantee.","I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...","Nice job on this. Detailed and crystal-clear. Now I wanna make lobster tails. maybe father’s day? Love to you and your family.","Good article. The tail meat comes out more easily, if one uses an upturned spoon and inserts it between shell and meat.","I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...","I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More..."]},"parsed_md":"How to Broil Lobster Tails with Tips - Procedures - and Photographs\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\n * Planning\n * Recipes\n * Ingredients\n * Techniques\n * Tools\n * Shop\n * Tips\n * Schools\n * Contact\n\n×\n\n# How to Broil Lobster Tails\n\nMay 14, 2014 by G. Stephen Jones 4 Comments\n\n## Learn the Secrets to Great Broiled Lobster Tails\n\nFor Mother’s Day, my wife was in the mood for a lobster dinner so I picked up\na few lobster tails on my Costco run last weekend. Unfortunately, they only\nhad warm water lobster tails for sale and I prefer cold water lobster. You can\nread all about why I like cold water lobster over warm water lobster in my\npost Buying Lobster Tails.\n\nThere are several ways to prepare lobster tails but my favorite cooking method\nis to broil them. It doesn’t take long to prep and cook them and the\npresentation is amazing.\n\n### How Long Do You Broil Them?\n\nThe answer to this depends on several factors – size of the lobster tails,\ndistance from the broiler, gas or electric broiler all contribute to how long\nthey will take to cook. I can tell you it takes exactly 8 minutes under the\nbroiler to cook but then you may find them over or under cooked. I can give\nyou a time range but you have to pay attention to them while they cook.\n\nFigure about 1 minute per ounce so a 4 ounce tail will take approximately 4\nminutes but again, this depends on how close you have them to the broiler, are\nthey at room temperature when you start and the efficiency of your oven.\n\nPart of the problem for me when cooking something like lobster tails is I\ndon’t cook them that often. Last time I broiled a lobster for one of my kid’s\nbirthdays, I put them too close to the broiler and the tops were burned. This\ntime I put them a little too far from the broiler and one of them (the largest\ntail) was undercooked and I had to throw it back in for another minute.\n\nIf you worked in a restaurant and prepared 30 broiled lobster tails every\nnight, 7 days a week, you’d be an expert very quickly but when you only cook\nthem a couple of times a year, the most important thing you can do is pay\nattention while they are cooking.\n\n### Prepping the Lobster Tails\n\nRemoving the lobster meat from the shell is not that difficult. There are two\nways I’ve seen this done. One, make a single cut to the top part of the shell\nwith kitchen scissors right down the middle from the open end of the lobster\ntail toward the tail end .\n\nThe other way is to make two cuts, 1 inch apart, down the center of the tail\nagain from the open end toward the tail. I usually just make one cut because\ncutting through the tails with scissors is not that easy however, it is easier\nto get the tail meat out with the double cut.\n\nIf you are using frozen lobster tails, be sure to allow enough time to thaw\nthem out properly. Take fresh or thawed out lobster tails out of the\nrefrigerator before you start broiling them. You don’t want to start with cold\ntails.\n\n### Seasoning & Serving\n\nI like to keep things simple when it comes to lobster. MELTED BUTTER. That’s\nit. I brush a little on at the start and serve more in a small dipping bowl\nwith the lobster. If you have the time, try making some clarified butter to\nserve with your tails. Many people season their lobsters with salt & pepper\nand paprika can be added for its flavor and appearance. Of course lemon is a\nnatural condiment to serve on the side. In our house, we like it simple – just\nbutter.\n\n### How to Broil Lobster Tails\n\nStart by moving one of the oven racks to the second highest position. I found\nif you place it at the highest position, there is a better chance of burning\nthe exteriors before the internal meat is cooked. Preheat the broiler while\nyou prep the lobsters.\n\nCover a baking pan with tin foil and line up the lobster tails on it.\n\nUsing kitchen scissors, make a cut on the top part of the shell from the open\nend to the tail. Be careful to cut only the shell but if you get a little\nlobster meat in the process, don’t worry about it. More importantly, be\ncareful not to cut yourself.\n\nGently pull the shell apart with your fingers being very careful not to cut\nyourself on the shell edges (they can be very sharp). When there is enough\nroom to get your fingers inside the shell, gently separate the lobster meat\nfrom the sides of the shell. Work your fingers underneath to completely\nseparate the meat from the shell.\n\nCarefully lift the lobster meat up from inside the shell so it ends up sitting\non top of the shell. The meat will still be attached to the shell at the fan\nend. Brush a little butter onto the tails. If you want to season them, now is\nthe time.\n\nYou could also add a little salt and pepper to the butter before applying. Be\nsure to use a different melted butter than the one you are going to serve with\nthe finished tails. You don’t want any potential cross contamination.\n\nPlace the lobster tails under the broiler and cook until the lobsters are\ndone. Don’t you love it when someone says, “Cook until done.”? The tails are\ndone when the meat is no longer translucent and becomes opaque.\n\nIf you have an instant-read thermometer, the internal temperature should be\naround 145oF or 63oC. If you don’t have a instant-read thermometer, you have\nto go by time and weight. Be careful not to overcook or you’ll end up with\nrubbery lobster meat.\n\nIn my opinion, I would rather under-cook them and have to put them back under\nthe broiler than overcook them. Serve the lobster tails immediately with\nmelted butter and any other seasonings you decide to serve with them.\n\n### Online Sources: Lobster & Lobster Tails\n\nConvenience - Selections - Quality - Gift Giving - Corporate Events\n\nSo the old adage, \"Buyer Beware\" really rings true when it comes to buying\nlive lobster . Unless you have a lot of disposable income, serving live\nlobster is an extravagant treat for a special occasion. Be careful to buy the\nbest product you can afford so you don't end up with an inferior product. The\nlinks below are affiliate links.\n\n### Lobster Anywhere\n\nFor over three decades, Lobster Anywhere has provided live Maine lobsters and\npremium seafood to white tablecloth restaurants, hotels, and large\ninstitutions throughout the United States. They established an unparalleled\nreputation for serving customers with discerning taste. If you want live Maine\nlobsters, and fresh seafood delivered overnight for your business or special\nevent, you can count on Lobster Anywhere to deliver.\n\n### The Crab Place\n\nKnow for their crabs but another great resource for live Maine lobsters and\nother seafood. Greg Cain started CrabPlace.com in 1997 in Crisfield, Maryland,\nAmerica’s seafood capital by selling and shipping fresh Maryland crab caught\ndaily by local watermen. Their unique packing and delivery processes kept\ncrabs at their freshest, and our satisfied customer base grew quickly. They\nexpanded to selling live Maine lobsters and lobster tails and pride themselves\non delivering fresh seafood from the dock to your door, and to your table.\nThey are committed to ensuring that their service is as outstanding as their\nfood. Your complete satisfaction is their goal, and they back that up with\ntheir CrabPlace.com Guarantee.\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Lobster Bisque Video\n * How to Broil Salmon Recipe\n * Lobster Stock Recipe\n * Simple Lobster Bisque Recipe\n\nFiled Under: Broiling Techniques, Lobster Recipes\n\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\n\nPrevious Post: « Soupe au Pistou Recipe\n\nNext Post: Grilled Eggplant Caponata Recipe »\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Michael Selz\n\nMay 14, 2014 at 4:05 pm\n\nNice job on this. Detailed and crystal-clear. Now I wanna make lobster tails.\nmaybe father’s day? Love to you and your family.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Bill\n\nMay 15, 2014 at 5:07 am\n\nHi RG, nice article and good practical tips! I like your post on cold versus\nwarm water lobsters.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Frank Mosher\n\nJuly 23, 2015 at 4:29 am\n\nGood article. The tail meat comes out more easily, if one uses an upturned\nspoon and inserts it between shell and meat.\n\nReply\n\n * The Reluctant Gourmet\n\nJuly 23, 2015 at 10:50 am\n\nThanks for that tip Frank.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Who Is The Reluctant Gourmet?\n\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\n\n### Categories\n\n### How to Buy Lobster Online\n\n### My Cooking Cartoons\n\n### Made In Cookware\n\n### FREE ONLINE\n\n## Footer\n\n### About the Reluctant Gourmet\n\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\n\n### Featured Favorites\n\n## Chicken Mushroom and Spinach Comfort Food Recipe\n\n## Watermelon Gazpacho Recipe\n\n## Habanero Sauce Recipe\n\n### Fun Stuff\n\n * Cartoons\n * Events\n * Opinion\n * Press Releases\n\n### Important Links\n\n * Advertising Disclosure\n * Terms of Use\n * Copyright Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Home\n * About The Reluctant Gourmet\n * Contact Me\n * Advertising\n\nCopyright © 2020 · The Reluctant Gourmet\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160719073109/http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine -\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Well to start off with most reds do not pair well with Maine lobster. The reason being that the iodine in lobster does not react well with the tannins found in red wine, also the saltiness of seafood tends to bring out the bitterness of reds. Lobster is delicate and we want to accentuate the flavors, so a white it is! We want a white that has more mineral and vegetable notes and less fruity ones. Also, the manner in which the lobster is prepared will influence the choice of wine. You basically want to match bigger wines with richer dishes.\",\n \"Fresh Seafood, especially anything spicy, goes best with white wine. The exception being, light reds or blush wines like Pinot Noir, Gamay, Sangrio Vese, Grenache and Rose. These light red wines are fine with Spaghetti with clam sauce, octopus, swordfish and tuna steaks, and salmon. Spicy seafood compliments full white wines with sweetness like Marsanne, Rousanne or Riesling.\",\n \"– A Chablis’ unoaked and flint notes pair extremely well with lobster in many preparations. Req: Chablis 2007, Première Cuvée Les Pargues, Domaine Servin\",\n \"– A Chardonnay’s vanilla notes pair well with lobster, as vanilla is a natural compliment to lobster and a classic in french cooking. Req:Chardonnay 2004, Alamos Ridge Argentine\",\n \"– An Albarino turns out to be an unconventional but amazing pairing for lobster and any seafood in general. This is not surprising considering the fishing culture in the region where this wine is produced. Req: Albarino 2004, Pazo de Senorans\",\n \"Here are more wines that go great with a lobster dinner. Dry crisp white wines, as Vinho Verde from Portugal, or Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc or Pinot Grigio from France go well with lobster and all lean white fish, raw clams and oysters. Full white wines as Italian Vermentino, Greek Assyrtiko, Chardonnay, Fume Blanc, Viognier and Pinot Gris pair well with lobster, crabs and oysters. Lobster, scallops and all shellfish taste delicious with Albarino and Verdelho (not to be confused with the red wine verdelho tinto) wines grown both domestic in California and in Spain and Portugal.\",\n \"In addition to the above wines that go well with delicious seafood dishes — especially when doing a lobster tail wine pairing — the following list also has excellent matches: Alsace’s Riesling, a light yellow green wine, best served young and has a fruity taste. Bordeaux Graves white, grown in France in soil rich with gravel, clay and sand, and is fruity and dry. Burgundy’s Chablis from the Chardonnay grape, grown in limestone rich soil with fossils and oysters; golden in color and has a nose smell of green apple and lemon and a mouth aroma of vanilla, lemon and linden.\",\n \"Sparkling wines are best with all fried seafood. A bubbling Toso Brut from Argentina will cut through weighty foods like tempura and beer battered fish. Light and refreshing, it offers aromas of lemon and apple. Shrimp dishes, whether steamed, grilled, sautéed or in a cocktail go very nicely with a Spanish dry Fino Sherry.\",\n \"Now don’t forget to pick up your seafood from LobsterAnywhere.com. For over ten years, this online lobster company has shipped premium live lobster, and sensationally fresh seafood to just about anywhere in the USA. Whether you are looking for a wine pairing with lobster tail, craving a lobster dinner for two, or looking for the perfect business or personal gift, you can trust LobsterAnywhere.com to delivery the best tasting seafood fresh to your door.\",\n \"The lobsters were fabulous and all your arrangements were perfectly orchestrated. Thanks for your help and if I ever do this again, will call you or pass on your name to those looking for fresh Maine lobsters.\",\n \"Lobster bisque is an elegant soup known for its rich flavor and crimson color. The main ingredient in this coastal favorite is the king of the sea, Homarus americanus. Due to the relative fame and ubiquity of lobster in the state of Maine, lobster bisque has become a delicious culinary staple. Generally, “bisque” refers to [...]\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine -\\n\\n0 items - $0.00\\n\\n * Register\\n * Sign In\\n\\n * Need Help?\\n\\n * Help Desk\\n * Lobster Facts\\n * Order Tracking\\n * Blog\\n\\n * News\\n * Holidays & Celebrations\\n * New England Style\\n * Seafood Savvy\\n * Lobster University\\n\\n * Lobster 101\\n * How to Buy Live Lobster\\n * Ways to Cook Lobster\\n * Handling and Care\\n * Recipes\\n * Contact\\n\\n * Chat Live\\n\\n### Navigation\\n\\nLobsterAnywhere.com Live Maine Lobster Delivery and Fresh Seafood Gifts\\n\\nHome Lobster Tails Blog Seafood Savvy Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine\\n\\n# Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine\\n\\nPosted on August 8, 2012 in Seafood Savvy 0\\n\\nWell to start off with most reds do not pair well with Maine lobster. The\\nreason being that the iodine in lobster does not react well with the tannins\\nfound in red wine, also the saltiness of seafood tends to bring out the\\nbitterness of reds. Lobster is delicate and we want to accentuate the flavors,\\nso a white it is! We want a white that has more mineral and vegetable notes\\nand less fruity ones. Also, the manner in which the lobster is prepared will\\ninfluence the choice of wine. You basically want to match bigger wines with\\nricher dishes.\\n\\nFresh Seafood, especially anything spicy, goes best with white wine. The\\nexception being, light reds or blush wines like Pinot Noir, Gamay, Sangrio\\nVese, Grenache and Rose. These light red wines are fine with Spaghetti with\\nclam sauce, octopus, swordfish and tuna steaks, and salmon. Spicy seafood\\ncompliments full white wines with sweetness like Marsanne, Rousanne or\\nRiesling.\\n\\nPair these wines with your lobster to start:\\n\\n– A Chablis’ unoaked and flint notes pair extremely well with lobster in many\\npreparations. Req: Chablis 2007, Première Cuvée Les Pargues, Domaine Servin\\n\\n– A Chardonnay’s vanilla notes pair well with lobster, as vanilla is a natural\\ncompliment to lobster and a classic in french cooking. Req:Chardonnay 2004,\\nAlamos Ridge Argentine\\n\\n– An Albarino turns out to be an unconventional but amazing pairing for\\nlobster and any seafood in general. This is not surprising considering the\\nfishing culture in the region where this wine is produced. Req: Albarino 2004,\\nPazo de Senorans\\n\\nHere are more wines that go great with a lobster dinner. Dry crisp white\\nwines, as Vinho Verde from Portugal, or Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc or Pinot\\nGrigio from France go well with lobster and all lean white fish, raw clams and\\noysters. Full white wines as Italian Vermentino, Greek Assyrtiko, Chardonnay,\\nFume Blanc, Viognier and Pinot Gris pair well with lobster, crabs and oysters.\\nLobster, scallops and all shellfish taste delicious with Albarino and Verdelho\\n(not to be confused with the red wine verdelho tinto) wines grown both\\ndomestic in California and in Spain and Portugal.\\n\\nIn addition to the above wines that go well with delicious seafood dishes —\\nespecially when doing a lobster tail wine pairing — the following list also\\nhas excellent matches: Alsace’s Riesling, a light yellow green wine, best\\nserved young and has a fruity taste. Bordeaux Graves white, grown in France in\\nsoil rich with gravel, clay and sand, and is fruity and dry. Burgundy’s\\nChablis from the Chardonnay grape, grown in limestone rich soil with fossils\\nand oysters; golden in color and has a nose smell of green apple and lemon and\\na mouth aroma of vanilla, lemon and linden.\\n\\nSparkling wines are best with all fried seafood. A bubbling Toso Brut from\\nArgentina will cut through weighty foods like tempura and beer battered fish.\\nLight and refreshing, it offers aromas of lemon and apple. Shrimp dishes,\\nwhether steamed, grilled, sautéed or in a cocktail go very nicely with a\\nSpanish dry Fino Sherry.\\n\\nNow don’t forget to pick up your seafood from LobsterAnywhere.com. For over\\nten years, this online lobster company has shipped premium live lobster, and\\nsensationally fresh seafood to just about anywhere in the USA. Whether you are\\nlooking for a wine pairing with lobster tail, craving a lobster dinner for\\ntwo, or looking for the perfect business or personal gift, you can trust\\nLobsterAnywhere.com to delivery the best tasting seafood fresh to your door.\\n\\nCalifornia Lobster Rush: The Best Spots for Maine Lobster\\n\\nMaine Lobster for Mother’s Day Dinner\\n\\n##### No comments yet.\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply.\\n\\n### Shop Seafood\\n\\n * Lobster Specials\\n * Live Lobster\\n * Lobster Tails\\n * Chowder, Bisque, Soups\\n * Lobster Dinners\\n * Lobster Meat\\n * Maine Favorites\\n * Lobster Rolls\\n * Fresh Seafood\\n * Fresh Shrimp\\n * Seafood Appetizers\\n * Surf and Turf\\n * Desserts & Sweets\\n * Gift Certificates\\n * Seafood Tools\\n\\nSubscribe to our Specials\\n\\nShipping Info\\n\\nGive a Gift Certificate\\n\\n * ## Testimonials\\n\\n### Fresh Lobsters\\n\\n> The lobsters were fabulous and all your arrangements were perfectly\\n> orchestrated. Thanks for your help and if I ever do this again, will call\\n> you or pass on your name to those looking for fresh Maine lobsters.\\n\\nFresh Lobsters for Company Party, Take best of care, Kim DiPasquantonio, BASF\\n\\nMore Reviews\\n\\n * ## Lobster Tales\\n\\n * ## Making Lobster Bisque: A Rich History\\n\\n### July 7, 2016\\n\\n> Lobster bisque is an elegant soup known for its rich flavor and crimson\\n> color. The main ingredient in this coastal favorite is the king of the sea,\\n> Homarus americanus. Due to the relative fame and ubiquity of lobster in the\\n> state of Maine, lobster bisque has become a delicious culinary staple.\\n> Generally, “bisque” refers to [...]\\n>\\n> more...\\n\\n### Lobster 101\\n\\nFind everything you need to know about the king of the sea-- Maine lobster.\\n\\n### Maine lobster Cooking Guide\\n\\nAre you intimidated about cooking lobster and fresh seafood. No worries.\\nLobsters are a snap to cook.\\n\\n### Lobster & Seafood Glossary\\n\\nNew England Seafood Glossary A to Z guide.\\n\\n### How to Buy Maine lobster\\n\\nGet the the facts on how to buy the very best Maine lobster\\n\\nGot a Seafood Question?\\n\\nAsk Lobster Louie\\n\\nLearn More\\n\\nEstablished in 1999, we are New England's mail order seafood company. Learn\\nMore\\n\\n### Sign Up for our Newsletter\\n\\nSSL Certificate\\n\\n### More Information\\n\\n * Cooking Lobster\\n * Sand Dollar Rewards\\n * From Trap to Table\\n * New England Seafood Glossary\\n * Clam Bakes\\n * Wholesale\\n * Blog\\n * Affiliate Program\\n * Sitemap\\n\\n### Connect with us\\n\\n * Google+\\n * Twitter\\n * Facebook\\n * Instagram\\n * Youtube\\n\\n© Copyright 2016 LobsterAnywhere.com. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200510191955/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Learn How to Butterfly a Lobster Tails\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Butterflying lobster tails is the method of preparation most common in restaurants. This method results in a lobster tail that puffs out of the shell and makes for a spectecular presentation. This is one of the more complex methods of cooking a lobster tail but this step-by-step guide will show you how to cook lobster tails like a pro.\",\n \"Continue to pry the shell away from the meat but keep the back of the meat connected to the shell\",\n \"Once the meat is freed, grab the meat, squeeze the shell together to close the gap and lay the meat on top of the shell\",\n \"Prepare lobster marinade of melted butter, a dash of peprika, a dash of garlic powder, a squirt of lemon juice and a dash of white pepper.\",\n \"Move the lobster tails to a pan and broil according the chart below. Baste tail with marinade half way through cooking.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Butterflying Lobster Tails - Learn How to Butterfly a Lobster Tails\\n\\nYou are here: Cooking Lobster - Butterflying Lobster Tails\\n\\n## Menu:\\n\\n * Home\\n * Cooking Lobster\\n * Lobster Recipes\\n * Lobster FAQ's\\n * Types of Lobster\\n * Lobster History\\n * Buy Lobster Online\\n * The Seafood Store\\n\\nBuy Lobster\\n\\nFresh Live Maine Lobster shipped directly to your door. Order here »\\n\\n### Maine Lobster Tails\\n\\nSucculent Jumbo Maine Lobster Tails from the icy waters of the Atlantic Ocean.\\nOrder here »\\n\\n## Butterflying Lobster Tails\\n\\nLearn how to butterfly a lobster tail\\n\\nButterflying lobster tails is the method of preparation most common in\\nrestaurants. This method results in a lobster tail that puffs out of the shell\\nand makes for a spectecular presentation. This is one of the more complex\\nmethods of cooking a lobster tail but this step-by-step guide will show you\\nhow to cook lobster tails like a pro.\\n\\nBelow are directions for butterflying 6oz lobster tails\\n\\nDefrost the lobster tails\\n\\nGrab your kitchen shears\\n\\nBegin the cut with the bottom blade right under the shell. Only cut the shell\\nand not the meat.\\n\\nProceed the cut down the center all the way to the base of the tale\\n\\nCut to base of tail\\n\\nGrab each side of the shell and gently pry away the shell away from the meat\\n\\nContinue to pry the shell away from the meat but keep the back of the meat\\nconnected to the shell\\n\\nOnce the meat is freed, grab the meat, squeeze the shell together to close the\\ngap and lay the meat on top of the shell\\n\\nThe meat on top of the shell\\n\\nCut a small slit in the top of the meat\\n\\nGrab the loose part of the meat and fold over the shell\\n\\nHere's the meat folded over each side of the lobster shell\\n\\nCut additional slits on the top for presentation\\n\\nPrepare lobster marinade of melted butter, a dash of peprika, a dash of garlic\\npowder, a squirt of lemon juice and a dash of white pepper.\\n\\nDrizzle lobster tail with marinade\\n\\nMove the lobster tails to a pan and broil according the chart below. Baste\\ntail with marinade half way through cooking.\\n\\nRemove tails from pan, dunk in butter and enjoy!\\n\\n### Lobster Cooking Times\\n\\nbroil lobster tail according to the times below\\n\\nLobster Tail Weight\\n\\n| Cooking Time \\n---|--- \\n \\n2 Oz.\\n\\n| 12 minutes \\n \\n4 Oz.\\n\\n| 18 minutes \\n \\n6 Oz.\\n\\n| 22 minutes \\n \\n8 Oz.\\n\\n| 26 minutes \\n \\n12 Oz.\\n\\n| 30 minutes \\n \\n14 Oz. +\\n\\n| 35 minutes \\n \\nCooking times vary, make sure you keep an eye on the lobster tail so it\\ndoesn't burn!\\n\\nOnce the lobster is cooked, unwrap the tail, dunk in butter and enjoy!\\n\\nOther helpful resources:\\n\\nEasiest Way to Cook Lobster - Learn the easiest to cook lobster.\\n\\nEasiest Way to Eat Lobster - Learn the easiest way to eat lobster.\\n\\nLobster Tail Recipe - Recipes for lobster tails.\\n\\nLobster Butter - Learn how to make clarified butter for lobster.\\n\\nFrozen Lobster Tails - Learn what to buy and how to cook frozen lobster tails.\\n\\nBuy Lobster - Fresh Maine Lobster and lobster tails delivered to you!\\n\\nHome | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Contact us | Advertise| Site Map\\n\\n© 2008 LobsterHelp.com\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150830053331/http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Broiled Lobster Tails Recipe\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Broiled Lobster Tails Recipe - Allrecipes.com\\n\\nArgentina | Australia & New Zealand | Brazil | Canada | China | France |\\nGermany | India | Italy | Japan | Korea | Mexico\\n\\nNetherlands | Poland | Quebec | Russia | SE Asia | United Kingdom & Ireland |\\nUnited States\\n\\n© Copyright 2015 Allrecipes.com | All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy—Your\\nCalifornia Rights | Data Policy | Terms of Service | AdChoices\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416084704/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Make Clarified Butter\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Clarified butter isn't limited to just your favorite seafood restaurants anymore. Learn how to clarify butter at home so you can use it for dipping lobster tails and sautéing at high temperatures. We'll also help clear up any confusion about the difference between clarified butter and ghee, and share some of our best butter recipes. Get ready for this lobster dinner essential to hit your table!\",\n \"To clarify butter, melt the butter over low heat in a heavy saucepan without stirring. When the butter is completely melted, you will see a clear, oily layer on top of a milky layer with a foamy layer at the surface. Use a spoon to skim the foamy layer off the top, then slowly pour the clear liquid into a dish, leaving the milky layer at the bottom in the pan. The clear liquid is the clarified butter. Discard the milky liquid. (You also can strain the butter through cheesecloth to remove the foamy layer.)\",\n \"The clarified butter will keep up to 1 month in the refrigerator. Although best known as a dipping sauce for lobster, clarified butter can be heated to high temperatures without burning. That makes it a good choice when you want to sauté foods at high temperatures.\",\n \"What's the difference between clarified butter and ghee? Ghee is a type of clarified butter that has been cooked a bit longer, and its origins can be traced to the Indian subcontinent. It's commonly used in Asian and Middle Eastern cooking, but you can sometimes substitute clarified butter for recipes that call for ghee. The process for making ghee is very similar to making clarified butter, and sometimes spices are added to ghee for flavor.\",\n \"You can't separate lobster tails and clarified butter, but there are a few other tricks you can do with butter. Try these recipes with clarified butter, or try one of our flavored or compound butter recipes for a new twist.\",\n \"BH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Data Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Make Clarified Butter | Better Homes & Gardens\\n\\n## Explore Better Homes & Gardens\\n\\nBetter Homes & Gardens Better Homes & Gardens\\n\\n## Profile Menu\\n\\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nYour Account\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Join Now\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Newsletter\\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Help\\n * Logout\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Give a Gift Subscription\\n * BH&G Insider\\n * BH&G Magazine Archive\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nSweepstakes\\n\\n### Follow us\\n\\n# How to Make Clarified Butter\\n\\nClarified butter isn't limited to just your favorite seafood restaurants\\nanymore. Learn how to clarify butter at home so you can use it for dipping\\nlobster tails and sautéing at high temperatures. We'll also help clear up any\\nconfusion about the difference between clarified butter and ghee, and share\\nsome of our best butter recipes. Get ready for this lobster dinner essential\\nto hit your table!\\n\\nSave Pin FB\\n\\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print Comment\\n\\n## How to Clarify Butter\\n\\nTo clarify butter, melt the butter over low heat in a heavy saucepan without\\nstirring. When the butter is completely melted, you will see a clear, oily\\nlayer on top of a milky layer with a foamy layer at the surface. Use a spoon\\nto skim the foamy layer off the top, then slowly pour the clear liquid into a\\ndish, leaving the milky layer at the bottom in the pan. The clear liquid is\\nthe clarified butter. Discard the milky liquid. (You also can strain the\\nbutter through cheesecloth to remove the foamy layer.)\\n\\nThe clarified butter will keep up to 1 month in the refrigerator. Although\\nbest known as a dipping sauce for lobster, clarified butter can be heated to\\nhigh temperatures without burning. That makes it a good choice when you want\\nto sauté foods at high temperatures.\\n\\nLearn how to cook lobster for dipping in your clarified butter.\\n\\n## Ghee vs. Clarified Butter\\n\\nWhat's the difference between clarified butter and ghee? Ghee is a type of\\nclarified butter that has been cooked a bit longer, and its origins can be\\ntraced to the Indian subcontinent. It's commonly used in Asian and Middle\\nEastern cooking, but you can sometimes substitute clarified butter for recipes\\nthat call for ghee. The process for making ghee is very similar to making\\nclarified butter, and sometimes spices are added to ghee for flavor.\\n\\nTry ghee in our Naan Bread recipe!\\n\\n## It's All About Butter\\n\\nYou can't separate lobster tails and clarified butter, but there are a few\\nother tricks you can do with butter. Try these recipes with clarified butter,\\nor try one of our flavored or compound butter recipes for a new twist.\\n\\nBroiled Lobster Tails with Garlic-Chili Butter\\n\\nLobster Tails with Chive Butter\\n\\nSeasoned Roasted Garlic Butter\\n\\nCompound Butters\\n\\nLavender Butter\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## Comments\\n\\nBe the first to comment!\\n\\n## Share options\\n\\n## Comment on this project\\n\\nComment on this story\\n\\nThanks for adding your feedback.\\n\\n## Login\\n\\n## Shop | Better Homes & Gardens\\n\\n * Countertop Blenders\\n * Food Processors\\n * Crock Pots\\n * Knife Sets\\n * Cutting Boards\\n * Spatulas\\n * Colanders & Strainers\\n * Can Openers\\n * Skillets\\n * Slow Cookers\\n * Shop More\\n\\nBetter Homes & Gardens may receive compensation when you click through and\\npurchase from links contained on this website.\\n\\n * Better Homes & Gardens Products at Walmart\\n * Better Homes & Gardens Real Estate Services\\n\\nBetter Homes & Gardens\\n\\nOther Meredith Sites\\n\\n## Other Meredith Sites\\n\\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\\n * More this link opens in a new tab\\n * Myrecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * Mywedding this link opens in a new tab\\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\\n * People this link opens in a new tab\\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nBH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith\\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\\nData Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a\\nnew tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link\\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\\n\\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.bhg.com\\n\\n## View image\\n\\nHow to Make Clarified Butter\\n\\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\\nguidelines.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191003005642/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Buying Lobster Tails Guide\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Are Thinking About Buying Lobster Tails? Whether you serve them alone or with a steak (Surf and Turf), you will want to read this article so you don't spend more than you have to when it comes to Delicious Lobster Tails.\",\n \"When it comes to lobster tails, the first and most likely the most important decision you will make is whether to buy warm water or cold water tails.\",\n \"According to an industry expert: 1 out of 5 warm water tails that he handled while in the restaurant business were bad. What does he mean by bad? The tail stays mushy after being cooked it doesn't firm up firms up but falls apart easily has an ammonia odor\",\n \"Over his 25 year experience and having cooked more than 10,000 lobsters, he figures he only had 5 bad ones. That's some difference. It tells me if you want to avoid a disappointment when making a special diner, you want to buy cold water tails.\",\n \"Yes, you will pay more for cold water tails. Atleast $5.00 difference per pound or more but I think of it as buying an insurance policy. It will end up costing a lot more if you end up throwing one of the tails away besides ruining a beautiful dinner.\",\n \"Ask before you buy:. If you buy from the a seafood counter then ask. If you are buying the lobster tails in a package, Read the label carefully. Generally if the package stats only: Lobster Tails, assume they are warm water. You want to know specifically if they are from water water or cold water tails. If the seafood clerk doesn't know, it might be a wiser idea to find a more reputable source of lobster tails. If you can’t find lobster local, then for a premium you can order lobster online. Check out the Lobster Market.\",\n \"Check their shells: Caribbean warm water tails have distinct yellow spots and a yellow band across the tail. Australian tails don't have these markings.\",\n \"There is a definite difference in taste and quality between warm and cold water tails. The cold water tails have whiter meat and are considered more tender because they grow more slowly in colder water. Most people will tell you the more expensive cold water tails also have a cleaner more succulent taste.\",\n \"Most of us think of live Maine lobsters with those two large, meaty claws when we think of lobsters. You buy them live in many supermarkets today or have them sent to you via the Internet. If a Maine lobster is missing a claw, it is called a \\\"cull\\\".\",\n \"Spiny lobsters, also called Rock Lobster, have no claws but hard shells and very long antennae. They come from both warm and cold water climates and are the most the source for frozen lobster tails. There are more than 40 species of clawless lobsters found around the world. They can grow as large as 15 pounds but most range from 1 to 5 pounds.\",\n \"Maine Lobster Tails are harder to find because they are more expensive. The Maine lobster outgrows their tail meat after they reach one pound so the bigger the lobster, the less tail meat. In a one pound lobster, there is about 6 ounces of meat in a Maine Lobster tail but 7 1/2 ounces in a New Zealand clawless tail. How to buy frozen lobster tails.\",\n \"If you see lobster tails at some unbelievable price, they most likely are warm water tails or you will pay for what you get. If they are not marked warm water or cold water and no place of origin given, assume they are warm water tails.\",\n \"If you see discoloration in the flesh, especially black spots, figure they were not handled properly. If the tail has a grayish color, it is a sign the lobster wasn't alive during processing.\",\n \"Any signs of yellowing or dull meat should be avoided. Ask your fish purveyor if the tails have been soaked in sodium tripoyphosphate prior to freezing. If it has, don't buy them. Look out for \\\"glazing\\\". This is when water is injected between the meat and the shell before freezing. It adds up to 20% additional weight to the tail so you pay more for less. Typically only done to warm water tails to protect during storage. The best time of year to buy lobsters is during the winter when prices tend to be lower.\",\n \"\\\"Ok here is the deal!!! We do not have a calling for lobster all the time but when we do we go : with the best!!! We ordered about 130 cold water tails... What makes the tail \\\"Mush\\\" after : being cooked????? This is upsetting. A majority of people didnt have a problem. We did : have five come back. I checked them and they have the consistency of a grainy paste. It : is like it decomposed!!! My father who has done this since forever says that that means they : are old... I had guests that think its from over cooking. Help me out here!!!\\\"\",\n \"I read your problem regarding your mushy Cold Water Lobster Tails. My first question would be are you sure you received “Cold Water” Lobster Tails? Many tails are sold as “Cold Water” type or North Atlantic Cold Water Lobster and many other names which are created to sell Lobster Tails. True “Cold Water” Lobster Tails come from South Africa, New Zealand and South Australia.\",\n \"Now as to why the tails turned mushy-Lets start with the tails which are marketed as North Atlantic or Maine Lobster Tails. This species “Homarus Americanus” will produce a mushy tail if the tail is taken from dead Lobsters- It is true that these crustaceans are caught in cold water but they are not included in the “Cold Water” class.\",\n \"Now for the “Warm Water” spiny Lobster Tails. These type of tails are the type in which mushy tails are most often found. The Lobster in order to molt (to shed an outer covering) has to remove and store the calcium which is in its shell. The removal allows its present shell to soften. The Lobster pumps in water between the softened shell and its new shell, which is soft. The old shell will split and the new shell will start to harden. The calcium which the Lobster has stored in the meat of its tail is used to help harden the new shell. If a Lobster is harvested while the calcium is stored in the tail, this tail will be mushy. It is possible to look at a Lobster and tell if the Lobster is ready to molt-a look at the eyestalks will be a good indicator. The eyestalk will be cloudy if the Lobster is getting ready to molt.\",\n \"The producers of “Cold Water” Lobster have very good Quality Control-they will not accept any molting Lobsters-warm water tails are most often produced in countries which are interested in money “if you catch it we sell it, & the guy on the end of the line takes the hit”.\",\n \"As you well know, be sure your supplier is giving you what you are paying for- it is very uncommon to get a mushy true Cold Water Lobster Tail. To Conclude, an over cooked Lobster Tail will not be mushy but will get tough as the muscle shrinks as the cooking time goes along.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Buying Lobster Tails Guide - How to Find the Best Lobster Tails\\n\\nYou are here: Cooking Lobster Tails\\n\\n## Menu:\\n\\n * Home\\n * Cooking Lobster\\n * Lobster Recipes\\n * Lobster FAQ's\\n * Types of Lobster\\n * Lobster History\\n * Buy Lobster Online\\n * The Seafood Store\\n\\n# Buying Lobster Tails Guide\\n\\n### Learn what to look for when buying lobster tails\\n\\nAre Thinking About Buying Lobster Tails? Whether you serve them alone or with\\na steak (Surf and Turf), you will want to read this article so you don't spend\\nmore than you have to when it comes to Delicious Lobster Tails.\\n\\n## Warm or Cold Water Tails ?\\n\\nWhen it comes to lobster tails, the first and most likely the most important\\ndecision you will make is whether to buy warm water or cold water tails.\\n\\nWarm-water lobster tails are mainly from Florida, the Caribbean, Cuba,\\nNicaragua and Latin America.\\n\\nCold-water lobster tails are commonly found from Maine, Australia, New Zealand\\nand South Africa\\n\\nAccording to an industry expert: 1 out of 5 warm water tails that he handled\\nwhile in the restaurant business were bad. What does he mean by bad? The tail\\nstays mushy after being cooked it doesn't firm up firms up but falls apart\\neasily has an ammonia odor\\n\\n### Experience with cold water lobster tails?\\n\\nOver his 25 year experience and having cooked more than 10,000 lobsters, he\\nfigures he only had 5 bad ones. That's some difference. It tells me if you\\nwant to avoid a disappointment when making a special diner, you want to buy\\ncold water tails.\\n\\nYes, you will pay more for cold water tails. Atleast $5.00 difference per\\npound or more but I think of it as buying an insurance policy. It will end up\\ncosting a lot more if you end up throwing one of the tails away besides\\nruining a beautiful dinner.\\n\\n#### How can you tell the difference between warm water and cold water tails?\\n\\nAsk before you buy:. If you buy from the a seafood counter then ask. If you\\nare buying the lobster tails in a package, Read the label carefully. Generally\\nif the package stats only: Lobster Tails, assume they are warm water. You want\\nto know specifically if they are from water water or cold water tails. If the\\nseafood clerk doesn't know, it might be a wiser idea to find a more reputable\\nsource of lobster tails. If you can’t find lobster local, then for a premium\\nyou can order lobster online. Check out the Lobster Market.\\n\\nCheck their shells: Caribbean warm water tails have distinct yellow spots and\\na yellow band across the tail. Australian tails don't have these markings.\\n\\n#### Warm Water Lobster Tail\\n\\nSpiny Lobster Tail\\n\\n##### Cold Water Lobster Tail\\n\\nMaine Lobster Tail\\n\\n###### Quality and Taste Differences\\n\\nThere is a definite difference in taste and quality between warm and cold\\nwater tails. The cold water tails have whiter meat and are considered more\\ntender because they grow more slowly in colder water. Most people will tell\\nyou the more expensive cold water tails also have a cleaner more succulent\\ntaste.\\n\\nClawed or Unclawed?\\n\\nMost of us think of live Maine lobsters with those two large, meaty claws when\\nwe think of lobsters. You buy them live in many supermarkets today or have\\nthem sent to you via the Internet. If a Maine lobster is missing a claw, it is\\ncalled a \\\"cull\\\".\\n\\nSpiny lobsters, also called Rock Lobster, have no claws but hard shells and\\nvery long antennae. They come from both warm and cold water climates and are\\nthe most the source for frozen lobster tails. There are more than 40 species\\nof clawless lobsters found around the world. They can grow as large as 15\\npounds but most range from 1 to 5 pounds.\\n\\nMaine Lobster Tails are harder to find because they are more expensive. The\\nMaine lobster outgrows their tail meat after they reach one pound so the\\nbigger the lobster, the less tail meat. In a one pound lobster, there is about\\n6 ounces of meat in a Maine Lobster tail but 7 1/2 ounces in a New Zealand\\nclawless tail. How to buy frozen lobster tails.\\n\\nIf you see lobster tails at some unbelievable price, they most likely are warm\\nwater tails or you will pay for what you get. If they are not marked warm\\nwater or cold water and no place of origin given, assume they are warm water\\ntails.\\n\\nIf you see discoloration in the flesh, especially black spots, figure they\\nwere not handled properly. If the tail has a grayish color, it is a sign the\\nlobster wasn't alive during processing.\\n\\nAny signs of yellowing or dull meat should be avoided. Ask your fish purveyor\\nif the tails have been soaked in sodium tripoyphosphate prior to freezing. If\\nit has, don't buy them. Look out for \\\"glazing\\\". This is when water is injected\\nbetween the meat and the shell before freezing. It adds up to 20% additional\\nweight to the tail so you pay more for less. Typically only done to warm water\\ntails to protect during storage. The best time of year to buy lobsters is\\nduring the winter when prices tend to be lower.\\n\\nClick here to learn how to cook lobster tails\\n\\nAnother interesting lobster tail story\\n\\nIn Reply to: Cooking Lobster Tails posted by Joseph A. Gargano on December 23,\\n1999 at 18:56:52:\\n\\n\\\"Ok here is the deal!!! We do not have a calling for lobster all the time but\\nwhen we do we go : with the best!!! We ordered about 130 cold water tails...\\nWhat makes the tail \\\"Mush\\\" after : being cooked????? This is upsetting. A\\nmajority of people didnt have a problem. We did : have five come back. I\\nchecked them and they have the consistency of a grainy paste. It : is like it\\ndecomposed!!! My father who has done this since forever says that that means\\nthey : are old... I had guests that think its from over cooking. Help me out\\nhere!!!\\\"\\n\\nI read your problem regarding your mushy Cold Water Lobster Tails. My first\\nquestion would be are you sure you received “Cold Water” Lobster Tails? Many\\ntails are sold as “Cold Water” type or North Atlantic Cold Water Lobster and\\nmany other names which are created to sell Lobster Tails. True “Cold Water”\\nLobster Tails come from South Africa, New Zealand and South Australia.\\n\\nNow as to why the tails turned mushy-Lets start with the tails which are\\nmarketed as North Atlantic or Maine Lobster Tails. This species “Homarus\\nAmericanus” will produce a mushy tail if the tail is taken from dead Lobsters-\\nIt is true that these crustaceans are caught in cold water but they are not\\nincluded in the “Cold Water” class.\\n\\nNow for the “Warm Water” spiny Lobster Tails. These type of tails are the type\\nin which mushy tails are most often found. The Lobster in order to molt (to\\nshed an outer covering) has to remove and store the calcium which is in its\\nshell. The removal allows its present shell to soften. The Lobster pumps in\\nwater between the softened shell and its new shell, which is soft. The old\\nshell will split and the new shell will start to harden. The calcium which the\\nLobster has stored in the meat of its tail is used to help harden the new\\nshell. If a Lobster is harvested while the calcium is stored in the tail, this\\ntail will be mushy. It is possible to look at a Lobster and tell if the\\nLobster is ready to molt-a look at the eyestalks will be a good indicator. The\\neyestalk will be cloudy if the Lobster is getting ready to molt.\\n\\nThe producers of “Cold Water” Lobster have very good Quality Control-they will\\nnot accept any molting Lobsters-warm water tails are most often produced in\\ncountries which are interested in money “if you catch it we sell it, & the guy\\non the end of the line takes the hit”.\\n\\nAs you well know, be sure your supplier is giving you what you are paying for-\\nit is very uncommon to get a mushy true Cold Water Lobster Tail. To Conclude,\\nan over cooked Lobster Tail will not be mushy but will get tough as the muscle\\nshrinks as the cooking time goes along. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nHome | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Contact us | Advertise| Site Map\\n\\n© 2010 LobsterHelp.com\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180911021027/http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Even if lobsters could fly, they still would not reach your door faster or fresher than we ship them to you. Find out what makes our shipping better.\",\n \"Find great Maine Lobster Recipes, and create your own online cookbook. Rate and rank our recipes, bookmark your favorites, and add your own.\",\n \"While most of the great seafood products we sell can be shipped anywhere in the United States, some cannot. That’s what makes them special! You find them in our ‘Whats In-Strore” section in the online market. You can order , choose the day you want to pick up, and pay all online. Then, just come by at on the day you chose and pick it up. Easy-peasy. Of course, any of our shippable products can also be ordered and picked up at the store, too.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market | Rockport, Maine\\n\\n * # Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market\\n\\n * • 800-535-5358\\n * • Rockport, Maine\\n * •\\n\\nThe Freshest You Can Get Without Getting Wet\\n\\n## Prepared Meals Shipped Fresh To Your Home\\n\\nShop Prepared Meals\\n\\n## Maine Lobster Shipped Live This is as fresh as it gets!\\n\\nShop Now\\n\\n### Buy Maine Seafood\\n\\nBuy live lobster, fresh seafood, prepared meals, and even sea vegetables.\\nPlus, lobster gift certificates, Maine products and more.\\n\\n### If Lobsters Could Fly\\n\\nEven if lobsters could fly, they still would not reach your door faster or\\nfresher than we ship them to you. Find out what makes our shipping better.\\n\\n### Your Maine Cookbook\\n\\nFind great Maine Lobster Recipes, and create your own online cookbook. Rate\\nand rank our recipes, bookmark your favorites, and add your own.\\n\\n## Store Pick-Up Specials\\n\\nWhile most of the great seafood products we sell can be shipped anywhere in\\nthe United States, some cannot. That’s what makes them special! You find them\\nin our ‘Whats In-Strore” section in the online market. You can order , choose\\nthe day you want to pick up, and pay all online. Then, just come by at on the\\nday you chose and pick it up. Easy-peasy. Of course, any of our shippable\\nproducts can also be ordered and picked up at the store, too.\\n\\nThe Freshest You Can Get Without Getting Wet\\n\\n#### Graffam Bros. Seafood Market.\\n\\n211 Union Street, Rockport, Maine 04856 800-535-5358 • 207-236-8391 •\\nLobstersToGo@GraffamBros.com\\n\\n© 2018, Graffam Bros. Seafood Market • Privacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812035646/https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Broil Lobster Tails with Tips\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"For Mother’s Day, my wife was in the mood for a lobster dinner so I picked up a few lobster tails on my Costco run last weekend. Unfortunately, they only had warm water lobster tails for sale and I prefer cold water lobster. You can read all about why I like cold water lobster over warm water lobster in my post Buying Lobster Tails.\",\n \"There are several ways to prepare lobster tails but my favorite cooking method is to broil them. It doesn’t take long to prep and cook them and the presentation is amazing.\",\n \"The answer to this depends on several factors – size of the lobster tails, distance from the broiler, gas or electric broiler all contribute to how long they will take to cook. I can tell you it takes exactly 8 minutes under the broiler to cook but then you may find them over or under cooked. I can give you a time range but you have to pay attention to them while they cook.\",\n \"Figure about 1 minute per ounce so a 4 ounce tail will take approximately 4 minutes but again, this depends on how close you have them to the broiler, are they at room temperature when you start and the efficiency of your oven.\",\n \"Part of the problem for me when cooking something like lobster tails is I don’t cook them that often. Last time I broiled a lobster for one of my kid’s birthdays, I put them too close to the broiler and the tops were burned. This time I put them a little too far from the broiler and one of them (the largest tail) was undercooked and I had to throw it back in for another minute.\",\n \"If you worked in a restaurant and prepared 30 broiled lobster tails every night, 7 days a week, you’d be an expert very quickly but when you only cook them a couple of times a year, the most important thing you can do is pay attention while they are cooking.\",\n \"Removing the lobster meat from the shell is not that difficult. There are two ways I’ve seen this done. One, make a single cut to the top part of the shell with kitchen scissors right down the middle from the open end of the lobster tail toward the tail end .\",\n \"The other way is to make two cuts, 1 inch apart, down the center of the tail again from the open end toward the tail. I usually just make one cut because cutting through the tails with scissors is not that easy however, it is easier to get the tail meat out with the double cut.\",\n \"If you are using frozen lobster tails, be sure to allow enough time to thaw them out properly. Take fresh or thawed out lobster tails out of the refrigerator before you start broiling them. You don’t want to start with cold tails.\",\n \"I like to keep things simple when it comes to lobster. MELTED BUTTER. That’s it. I brush a little on at the start and serve more in a small dipping bowl with the lobster. If you have the time, try making some clarified butter to serve with your tails. Many people season their lobsters with salt & pepper and paprika can be added for its flavor and appearance. Of course lemon is a natural condiment to serve on the side. In our house, we like it simple – just butter.\",\n \"Start by moving one of the oven racks to the second highest position. I found if you place it at the highest position, there is a better chance of burning the exteriors before the internal meat is cooked. Preheat the broiler while you prep the lobsters.\",\n \"Using kitchen scissors, make a cut on the top part of the shell from the open end to the tail. Be careful to cut only the shell but if you get a little lobster meat in the process, don’t worry about it. More importantly, be careful not to cut yourself.\",\n \"Gently pull the shell apart with your fingers being very careful not to cut yourself on the shell edges (they can be very sharp). When there is enough room to get your fingers inside the shell, gently separate the lobster meat from the sides of the shell. Work your fingers underneath to completely separate the meat from the shell.\",\n \"Carefully lift the lobster meat up from inside the shell so it ends up sitting on top of the shell. The meat will still be attached to the shell at the fan end. Brush a little butter onto the tails. If you want to season them, now is the time.\",\n \"You could also add a little salt and pepper to the butter before applying. Be sure to use a different melted butter than the one you are going to serve with the finished tails. You don’t want any potential cross contamination.\",\n \"Place the lobster tails under the broiler and cook until the lobsters are done. Don’t you love it when someone says, “Cook until done.”? The tails are done when the meat is no longer translucent and becomes opaque.\",\n \"If you have an instant-read thermometer, the internal temperature should be around 145oF or 63oC. If you don’t have a instant-read thermometer, you have to go by time and weight. Be careful not to overcook or you’ll end up with rubbery lobster meat.\",\n \"In my opinion, I would rather under-cook them and have to put them back under the broiler than overcook them. Serve the lobster tails immediately with melted butter and any other seasonings you decide to serve with them.\",\n \"So the old adage, \\\"Buyer Beware\\\" really rings true when it comes to buying live lobster . Unless you have a lot of disposable income, serving live lobster is an extravagant treat for a special occasion. Be careful to buy the best product you can afford so you don't end up with an inferior product. The links below are affiliate links.\",\n \"For over three decades, Lobster Anywhere has provided live Maine lobsters and premium seafood to white tablecloth restaurants, hotels, and large institutions throughout the United States. They established an unparalleled reputation for serving customers with discerning taste. If you want live Maine lobsters, and fresh seafood delivered overnight for your business or special event, you can count on Lobster Anywhere to deliver.\",\n \"Know for their crabs but another great resource for live Maine lobsters and other seafood. Greg Cain started CrabPlace.com in 1997 in Crisfield, Maryland, America’s seafood capital by selling and shipping fresh Maryland crab caught daily by local watermen. Their unique packing and delivery processes kept crabs at their freshest, and our satisfied customer base grew quickly. They expanded to selling live Maine lobsters and lobster tails and pride themselves on delivering fresh seafood from the dock to your door, and to your table. They are committed to ensuring that their service is as outstanding as their food. Your complete satisfaction is their goal, and they back that up with their CrabPlace.com Guarantee.\",\n \"I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\",\n \"Nice job on this. Detailed and crystal-clear. Now I wanna make lobster tails. maybe father’s day? Love to you and your family.\",\n \"Good article. The tail meat comes out more easily, if one uses an upturned spoon and inserts it between shell and meat.\",\n \"I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\",\n \"I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Broil Lobster Tails with Tips - Procedures - and Photographs\\n\\n * Skip to primary navigation\\n * Skip to main content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n * Skip to footer\\n\\n * Planning\\n * Recipes\\n * Ingredients\\n * Techniques\\n * Tools\\n * Shop\\n * Tips\\n * Schools\\n * Contact\\n\\n×\\n\\n# How to Broil Lobster Tails\\n\\nMay 14, 2014 by G. Stephen Jones 4 Comments\\n\\n## Learn the Secrets to Great Broiled Lobster Tails\\n\\nFor Mother’s Day, my wife was in the mood for a lobster dinner so I picked up\\na few lobster tails on my Costco run last weekend. Unfortunately, they only\\nhad warm water lobster tails for sale and I prefer cold water lobster. You can\\nread all about why I like cold water lobster over warm water lobster in my\\npost Buying Lobster Tails.\\n\\nThere are several ways to prepare lobster tails but my favorite cooking method\\nis to broil them. It doesn’t take long to prep and cook them and the\\npresentation is amazing.\\n\\n### How Long Do You Broil Them?\\n\\nThe answer to this depends on several factors – size of the lobster tails,\\ndistance from the broiler, gas or electric broiler all contribute to how long\\nthey will take to cook. I can tell you it takes exactly 8 minutes under the\\nbroiler to cook but then you may find them over or under cooked. I can give\\nyou a time range but you have to pay attention to them while they cook.\\n\\nFigure about 1 minute per ounce so a 4 ounce tail will take approximately 4\\nminutes but again, this depends on how close you have them to the broiler, are\\nthey at room temperature when you start and the efficiency of your oven.\\n\\nPart of the problem for me when cooking something like lobster tails is I\\ndon’t cook them that often. Last time I broiled a lobster for one of my kid’s\\nbirthdays, I put them too close to the broiler and the tops were burned. This\\ntime I put them a little too far from the broiler and one of them (the largest\\ntail) was undercooked and I had to throw it back in for another minute.\\n\\nIf you worked in a restaurant and prepared 30 broiled lobster tails every\\nnight, 7 days a week, you’d be an expert very quickly but when you only cook\\nthem a couple of times a year, the most important thing you can do is pay\\nattention while they are cooking.\\n\\n### Prepping the Lobster Tails\\n\\nRemoving the lobster meat from the shell is not that difficult. There are two\\nways I’ve seen this done. One, make a single cut to the top part of the shell\\nwith kitchen scissors right down the middle from the open end of the lobster\\ntail toward the tail end .\\n\\nThe other way is to make two cuts, 1 inch apart, down the center of the tail\\nagain from the open end toward the tail. I usually just make one cut because\\ncutting through the tails with scissors is not that easy however, it is easier\\nto get the tail meat out with the double cut.\\n\\nIf you are using frozen lobster tails, be sure to allow enough time to thaw\\nthem out properly. Take fresh or thawed out lobster tails out of the\\nrefrigerator before you start broiling them. You don’t want to start with cold\\ntails.\\n\\n### Seasoning & Serving\\n\\nI like to keep things simple when it comes to lobster. MELTED BUTTER. That’s\\nit. I brush a little on at the start and serve more in a small dipping bowl\\nwith the lobster. If you have the time, try making some clarified butter to\\nserve with your tails. Many people season their lobsters with salt & pepper\\nand paprika can be added for its flavor and appearance. Of course lemon is a\\nnatural condiment to serve on the side. In our house, we like it simple – just\\nbutter.\\n\\n### How to Broil Lobster Tails\\n\\nStart by moving one of the oven racks to the second highest position. I found\\nif you place it at the highest position, there is a better chance of burning\\nthe exteriors before the internal meat is cooked. Preheat the broiler while\\nyou prep the lobsters.\\n\\nCover a baking pan with tin foil and line up the lobster tails on it.\\n\\nUsing kitchen scissors, make a cut on the top part of the shell from the open\\nend to the tail. Be careful to cut only the shell but if you get a little\\nlobster meat in the process, don’t worry about it. More importantly, be\\ncareful not to cut yourself.\\n\\nGently pull the shell apart with your fingers being very careful not to cut\\nyourself on the shell edges (they can be very sharp). When there is enough\\nroom to get your fingers inside the shell, gently separate the lobster meat\\nfrom the sides of the shell. Work your fingers underneath to completely\\nseparate the meat from the shell.\\n\\nCarefully lift the lobster meat up from inside the shell so it ends up sitting\\non top of the shell. The meat will still be attached to the shell at the fan\\nend. Brush a little butter onto the tails. If you want to season them, now is\\nthe time.\\n\\nYou could also add a little salt and pepper to the butter before applying. Be\\nsure to use a different melted butter than the one you are going to serve with\\nthe finished tails. You don’t want any potential cross contamination.\\n\\nPlace the lobster tails under the broiler and cook until the lobsters are\\ndone. Don’t you love it when someone says, “Cook until done.”? The tails are\\ndone when the meat is no longer translucent and becomes opaque.\\n\\nIf you have an instant-read thermometer, the internal temperature should be\\naround 145oF or 63oC. If you don’t have a instant-read thermometer, you have\\nto go by time and weight. Be careful not to overcook or you’ll end up with\\nrubbery lobster meat.\\n\\nIn my opinion, I would rather under-cook them and have to put them back under\\nthe broiler than overcook them. Serve the lobster tails immediately with\\nmelted butter and any other seasonings you decide to serve with them.\\n\\n### Online Sources: Lobster & Lobster Tails\\n\\nConvenience - Selections - Quality - Gift Giving - Corporate Events\\n\\nSo the old adage, \\\"Buyer Beware\\\" really rings true when it comes to buying\\nlive lobster . Unless you have a lot of disposable income, serving live\\nlobster is an extravagant treat for a special occasion. Be careful to buy the\\nbest product you can afford so you don't end up with an inferior product. The\\nlinks below are affiliate links.\\n\\n### Lobster Anywhere\\n\\nFor over three decades, Lobster Anywhere has provided live Maine lobsters and\\npremium seafood to white tablecloth restaurants, hotels, and large\\ninstitutions throughout the United States. They established an unparalleled\\nreputation for serving customers with discerning taste. If you want live Maine\\nlobsters, and fresh seafood delivered overnight for your business or special\\nevent, you can count on Lobster Anywhere to deliver.\\n\\n### The Crab Place\\n\\nKnow for their crabs but another great resource for live Maine lobsters and\\nother seafood. Greg Cain started CrabPlace.com in 1997 in Crisfield, Maryland,\\nAmerica’s seafood capital by selling and shipping fresh Maryland crab caught\\ndaily by local watermen. Their unique packing and delivery processes kept\\ncrabs at their freshest, and our satisfied customer base grew quickly. They\\nexpanded to selling live Maine lobsters and lobster tails and pride themselves\\non delivering fresh seafood from the dock to your door, and to your table.\\nThey are committed to ensuring that their service is as outstanding as their\\nfood. Your complete satisfaction is their goal, and they back that up with\\ntheir CrabPlace.com Guarantee.\\n\\n### Related Posts\\n\\n * Lobster Bisque Video\\n * How to Broil Salmon Recipe\\n * Lobster Stock Recipe\\n * Simple Lobster Bisque Recipe\\n\\nFiled Under: Broiling Techniques, Lobster Recipes\\n\\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\\n\\nPrevious Post: « Soupe au Pistou Recipe\\n\\nNext Post: Grilled Eggplant Caponata Recipe »\\n\\n## Reader Interactions\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Michael Selz\\n\\nMay 14, 2014 at 4:05 pm\\n\\nNice job on this. Detailed and crystal-clear. Now I wanna make lobster tails.\\nmaybe father’s day? Love to you and your family.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Bill\\n\\nMay 15, 2014 at 5:07 am\\n\\nHi RG, nice article and good practical tips! I like your post on cold versus\\nwarm water lobsters.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Frank Mosher\\n\\nJuly 23, 2015 at 4:29 am\\n\\nGood article. The tail meat comes out more easily, if one uses an upturned\\nspoon and inserts it between shell and meat.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * The Reluctant Gourmet\\n\\nJuly 23, 2015 at 10:50 am\\n\\nThanks for that tip Frank.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n### Who Is The Reluctant Gourmet?\\n\\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\\n\\n### Categories\\n\\n### How to Buy Lobster Online\\n\\n### My Cooking Cartoons\\n\\n### Made In Cookware\\n\\n### FREE ONLINE\\n\\n## Footer\\n\\n### About the Reluctant Gourmet\\n\\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\\n\\n### Featured Favorites\\n\\n## Chicken Mushroom and Spinach Comfort Food Recipe\\n\\n## Watermelon Gazpacho Recipe\\n\\n## Habanero Sauce Recipe\\n\\n### Fun Stuff\\n\\n * Cartoons\\n * Events\\n * Opinion\\n * Press Releases\\n\\n### Important Links\\n\\n * Advertising Disclosure\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Copyright Info\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n * Home\\n * About The Reluctant Gourmet\\n * Contact Me\\n * Advertising\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 · The Reluctant Gourmet\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":380,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1539649,"string":"1,539,649"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Remove Black Hair Dye"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To remove black hair dye, coat your hair with an ample amount of olive or coconut oil and let it sit for several hours. Then, shampoo your hair to remove the oil. You may need to repeat this process a few times to remove all of the dye. You can also use a color removing kit, which are sold at drugstores. Look for the extra strength version since black dye is difficult to remove. Apply the product in 1 inch strips starting from the bottom half of your hair and follow the instructions on the box."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20170615190628/http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103302/https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works","http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103415/https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210301045312/https://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210423142503/https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210630180229/https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170615190628/http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103302/https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103415/https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210301045312/https://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423142503/https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210630180229/https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1820,"string":"1,820"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170615190628/http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/","parsed_text":{"title":"Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye","passages":["Jennifer Byrne is a freelance writer and editor specializing in topics related to health care, fitness, science and more. She attended Rutgers University. Her writing has been published by KidsHealth.org, DietBlogTalk.com, Primary Care Optometry News, and EyeWorld Magazine. She was awarded the Gold Award from the American Society of Healthcare Publication Editors (ASHPE), 2007, and the Apex Award for Publication Excellence.","Making a hair color mistake is almost always unpleasant. If your color mishap is the deepest, darkest shade of black, however, you've made a choice that might seem difficult to reverse. Because not everyone can carry off jet-black hair with style, you may feel that you are stuck wearing a hat for the next few months. In reality, black hair color is easier to \"lift\" than you may think.","Shampoos designed to remove dandruff flakes generally contain an arsenal of strong chemicals, according to MammalHair.com. These chemicals can lighten your dyed black hair. Simply use a dandruff shampoo in place of your normal kind to gradually lift the color. MammalHair.com also notes that you should avoid using any type of \"color safe\" or \"color extend\" shampoos or conditioners, as these are meant to extend the life of your hair color, not reverse it.","For a more intense approach to lightening the black dye, wash your hair with a common dishwashing liquid, such as Dawn or Joy. The concentrated chemicals contained in these product can lighten your hair color, MammalHair.com reports. You can also mix shampoo with baking soda as a method of removing black hair dye.","THee use of hot oil treatments available at your local pharmacy or grocery store can also expedite the fading of your color, according to Real Beauty. An added benefit of a hot oil treatment is that it can restore moisture and health to your hair. To use, heat up the product as directed. Apply it to dry strands and leave it in your hair. Cover your hair with a towel or shower cap for 15 minutes. After you've rinsed out the oil, you should notice that your hair is slightly lighter, Real Beauty reports.","Wash your hair with an anti-residue shampoo. Because these products are designed to remove any persistent styling residue from your hair, they can also help wash away dye. You can maximize the effects of using this shampoo by following it with a hot oil treatment, MammalHair.com adds.","Copyright © 2017 Leaf Group Ltd. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the LIVESTRONG.COM Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Copyright Policy. The material appearing on LIVESTRONG.COM is for educational use only. It should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. LIVESTRONG is a registered trademark of the LIVESTRONG Foundation. The LIVESTRONG Foundation and LIVESTRONG.COM do not endorse any of the products or services that are advertised on the web site. Moreover, we do not select every advertiser or advertisement that appears on the web site-many of the advertisements are served by third party advertising companies. Ad Choices"]},"parsed_md":"Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye | LIVESTRONG.COM\n\nHello, !\n\n * UPGRADE TO GOLD for additional benefits\n * PROFILE\n * TRACK\n * EXERCISE\n * PROGRESS\n * COMMUNITY\n * INBOX\n * SETTINGS\n\nLOG OUT\n\nSIGN UP\n\nLOG IN\n\n0\n\n## Notifications\n\n * Notifications\n * User Preferences\n\n * You're all caught up!\n\n 1. LIVESTRONG.COM\n 2. Fashion, Style and Personal Care\n 3. Hair Care\n 4. Hair Color\n\n# Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye\n\nby JENNIFER BYRNE Last Updated: Mar 13, 2014\n\nJennifer Byrne\n\nJennifer Byrne is a freelance writer and editor specializing in topics related\nto health care, fitness, science and more. She attended Rutgers University.\nHer writing has been published by KidsHealth.org, DietBlogTalk.com, Primary\nCare Optometry News, and EyeWorld Magazine. She was awarded the Gold Award\nfrom the American Society of Healthcare Publication Editors (ASHPE), 2007, and\nthe Apex Award for Publication Excellence.\n\nDyed black hair. Photo Credit Valua Vitaly/iStock/Getty Images\n\n## Overview\n\nMaking a hair color mistake is almost always unpleasant. If your color mishap\nis the deepest, darkest shade of black, however, you've made a choice that\nmight seem difficult to reverse. Because not everyone can carry off jet-black\nhair with style, you may feel that you are stuck wearing a hat for the next\nfew months. In reality, black hair color is easier to \"lift\" than you may\nthink.\n\n## Dandruff Shampoo\n\nDandruff shampoo. Photo Credit Karin Lau/iStock/Getty Images\n\nShampoos designed to remove dandruff flakes generally contain an arsenal of\nstrong chemicals, according to MammalHair.com. These chemicals can lighten\nyour dyed black hair. Simply use a dandruff shampoo in place of your normal\nkind to gradually lift the color. MammalHair.com also notes that you should\navoid using any type of \"color safe\" or \"color extend\" shampoos or\nconditioners, as these are meant to extend the life of your hair color, not\nreverse it.\n\n## Dishwashing Liquid or Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda. Photo Credit Chorboon Chiranuparp/iStock/Getty Images\n\nFor a more intense approach to lightening the black dye, wash your hair with a\ncommon dishwashing liquid, such as Dawn or Joy. The concentrated chemicals\ncontained in these product can lighten your hair color, MammalHair.com\nreports. You can also mix shampoo with baking soda as a method of removing\nblack hair dye.\n\n## Hot Oil Treatments\n\nHot oil. Photo Credit akekoksomistock/iStock/Getty Images\n\nTHee use of hot oil treatments available at your local pharmacy or grocery\nstore can also expedite the fading of your color, according to Real Beauty. An\nadded benefit of a hot oil treatment is that it can restore moisture and\nhealth to your hair. To use, heat up the product as directed. Apply it to dry\nstrands and leave it in your hair. Cover your hair with a towel or shower cap\nfor 15 minutes. After you've rinsed out the oil, you should notice that your\nhair is slightly lighter, Real Beauty reports.\n\n## Anti-Residue Shampoo\n\nShampoo bottles. Photo Credit alexandr kornienko/iStock/Getty Images\n\nWash your hair with an anti-residue shampoo. Because these products are\ndesigned to remove any persistent styling residue from your hair, they can\nalso help wash away dye. You can maximize the effects of using this shampoo by\nfollowing it with a hot oil treatment, MammalHair.com adds.\n\n### Related Searches\n\nLose Weight. Feel Great! Change your life with MyPlate by LIVESTRONG.COM\n\n### YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE\n\nHow to Change Black Hair Color\n\nHow to Treat Color-Damaged Black Hair\n\nAre Lemon Juice Highlights Good for Dark Brown or Black Hair?\n\nDemi-Permanent vs. Semi-Permanent Hair Color\n\nWhy Do Moles Grow Black Hair?\n\nWhat Color Clothes Makes Brown Eyes Lighter?\n\nHow to Make White Hair Less Noticeable\n\nAt-Home Remedies for Dry, Colored Hair\n\nBlack Walnut Hull Side Effects\n\nHousehold Tips to Get Haircolor Off of Skin\n\nNatural Gray Hair Treatment\n\nPermanent Hair Dye Ingredients\n\nHow to Remove Henna From Hair With Mineral Oil\n\nSkin Care Tips for Black Men\n\nHow to Get Hair Dye Off the Skin\n\nCan Green Tea Make Your Feces Green?\n\nHow Is Hair Color Determined?\n\nHow to Fix Dry Hair Ends\n\nFacts About Bleaching Hair\n\nDiet to Prevent Gray Hair\n\n#### CURRENTLY TRENDING\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n## Foods That Fight Gray Hair\n\nVIDEO\n\n## What Is the Significance of the Color of a Jiu-Jitsu Gi Belt?\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n## Find Out Which Haircut Is Best for You\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### PEOPLE ARE READING\n\n * 1\n\nHow to Change Black Hair Color\n\n * 2\n\nHow to Treat Color-Damaged Black Hair\n\n * 3\n\nAre Lemon Juice Highlights Good for Dark Brown or Black...\n\n * 4\n\nDemi-Permanent vs. Semi-Permanent Hair Color\n\n * 5\n\nWhy Do Moles Grow Black Hair?\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## SIGN UP FOR OUR NEWSLETTER\n\nGet the latest tips on diet, exercise and healthy living\n\nOFFICIAL PARTNER OF THE LIVESTRONG FOUNDATION\n\n * CANCER SUPPORT\n * SHOP\n * TEAM LIVESTRONG\n * DONATE\n\nCopyright © 2017 Leaf Group Ltd. 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Ad Choices\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103302/https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works","parsed_text":{"title":"I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works","passages":["TOP PRODUCTS Guides and resources for easy product selection INGREDIENTS Learn how to read your hair product labels DIY PRODUCTS Easy-to-make recipes for all your haircare needs BEST OF THE BEST Community member favorites make up this coveted list GIVEAWAYS Enter to win products we all love","STYLENOOK Share your style and browse the style of others CURLTALK Chat with curl friends about your favorite curly topics TRENDSETTER Participate in product testing surveys discussions etc.","Figuring out how to strip your hair color without further damaging your hair can be overwhelming, especially with the limited amount of options that we currently have. Fortunately for you, I've been through it all and evaluated each method. My hair suffered so yours doesn't have to. Here are some common methods you might hear about, as well as some that have worked really well for me.","Dish soap is made to break up oil on dishes, which it will also do to your hair, so beware of desert-dry tresses if you try this method. Fortunately, if you go through the effort of using this drying soap on your dyed hair, it can actually help remove unwanted color. You'll need to do many, many washes to fade it out, but it is definitely a step in the right direction if you really want to remove a color. Some people throw some baking soda into their dish soap for an extra boost. I haven't had great success with this personally, but who knows what might work for your hair!","This is one that I tend to gravitate towards because when mixed with the ingredients below, it works magic and is the least damaging of the effective treatments. My favorite anti-dandruff shampoo for fading hair dye is the Head & Shoulders Dandruff Shampoo, Green Apple. It is essential that you use the green apple version because it smells amazing.","Unfortunately, this method is also drying on the hair, so deep conditioning your hair after washing with this is important if you want to properly restore your hair back to health. I recommend using your deepest deep conditioner and leaving it in for a few hours between treatments with the anti-dandruff shampoo. On its own, it will also take multiple rounds that will gradually fade your hair bit by bit. To speed up this process, use the Vitamin C Method.","Lemon juice is one of those methods that you hear around the internet that will help you lighten your hair, strip your hair color, whiten your teeth, etc. In my experience, lemon juice is not quite the miracle you are looking for. If you try to lighten your hair with it, the most you will get is your best friend squinting at your head in bright lighting asking you if you did something new to your hair, but not being able to identify what it was. In my opinion, it's not worth the time.","Baking soda is in the same category as lemon juice, and oddly enough it's also used for whitening teeth, which is an interesting coincidence. I've tried mixing baking soda into different concoctions to strip my hair dye, and it hasn't been all that helpful.","Vitamin C is a gift from God. It's able to strip out semi-permanent and demi- permanent hair dye like magic. If you have any vitamin C powder vitamins, then you're in luck! If not, look for the vitamins that are made of compressed powder - not gummies or chewable ones - and crush them up into a powder. I usually put about 12 large pills in a plastic bag and smash them with a hammer. You can be as civilized with the process as you want, but that's the fun way.","This will get the color to start seeping out, and won't be permanently damaging like other chemical methods. Check out the video below showing how I did this.","Hair dye strippers exist for permanent hair colors. I've used the One N Only Colorfix before. You can use them on semi-permanent or demi-permanent hair dyes, but they are chemical processes that will be damaging to your hair. They also never fail to smell like rotten eggs on a hot day in a boiler room, but if you are desperate or need your color gone ASAP, one to maybe two rounds of this will have your hair looking like it's just been bleached... and smelling like eggs.","Bleach baths are a last resort for hair dye removal. If you have a dye that is just absolutely way too stubborn for any other method, then you can use this method at the risk of damaging your hair further while resolving your color issue. Just mix bleach powder in with some shampoo (some people use bleach powder with the developer and then shampoo, but it's up to you) and wash your hair with the mix. Leave it on for a few minutes and the color will disappear like Houdini.","Everyone's hair is different, and these are tips based on my own personal experiences, but I encourage you to try each method out for yourself and see how it reacts with your own hair. Happy color stripping!","Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker on our website."]},"parsed_md":"I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works |\nNaturallyCurly.com\n\n * TEXTURE\n\nWAVY (2a-2c) Forms a loose “S” very easily straightened\n\n2a\n\n2b\n\n2c\n\nCURLY (3a-3c) Forms a definite “S” shaped like a corkscrew\n\n3a\n\n3b\n\n3c\n\nCOILY (4a-4c) Very tight curl when stretched creates an “S”\n\n4a\n\n4b\n\n4c\n\nLOCS Hair intentionally matted to form \"ropes\"\n\nQUIZ Take our quiz to learn your curl pattern\n\n * TOPICS\n\nCONCERNS\n\n * Dryness\n * Frizz\n * Curl Definition\n * Detangling\n * Hair Growth\n * Hair Breakage\n * Shrinkage\n * Hair Loss\n * Scalp Care\n * Heat Damage\n * Graying\n * Volume\n\nCURL CARE\n\n * Hair Color\n * Haircuts\n * Hairstyles\n * Transitioning\n * Straightening\n * Retexturizing\n * Curly Girl Method\n * LOC Method\n * 2nd Day Hair\n * Cleansing\n * Conditioning\n * Kids\n * Men\n * Salon Finder\n\nLIFESTYLE\n\n * Celebrities\n * Beauty\n * Self-Care\n * Culture\n * Business\n\n * VIDEOS\n * PRODUCTS\n\nTOP PRODUCTS Guides and resources for easy product selection INGREDIENTS Learn\nhow to read your hair product labels DIY PRODUCTS Easy-to-make recipes for all\nyour haircare needs BEST OF THE BEST Community member favorites make up this\ncoveted list GIVEAWAYS Enter to win products we all love\n\n * COMMUNITY\n\nSTYLENOOK Share your style and browse the style of others CURLTALK Chat with\ncurl friends about your favorite curly topics TRENDSETTER Participate in\nproduct testing surveys discussions etc.\n\n * SHOP\n * GET INVOLVED\n\n * ESSENCE.COM\n\n * My Cart\n\n * SUBSCRIBE\n\n * features:\n\n * TEXTURE TALES\n * LEADERS IN CURL\n * Best of the Best\n * ASK A CURL EXPERT\n\nLogin\n\nLog in\n\nWelcome to NaturallyCurly! Log in to confirm your registration.\n\nNew here? Sign up for an account.\n\nSign up for our newsletter to get more tips and tricks\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. Curl Reading\n\n 3. Hair_color\n\n 4. I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. Curl Reading\n\n 3. Hair_color\n\n 4. I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\n\n# I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\n\nBY Camille Johnson\n\n5.5.20\n\nPicture courtesy of @offbeatlook\n\nFiguring out how to strip your hair color without further damaging your hair\ncan be overwhelming, especially with the limited amount of options that we\ncurrently have. Fortunately for you, I've been through it all and evaluated\neach method. My hair suffered so yours doesn't have to. Here are some common\nmethods you might hear about, as well as some that have worked really well for\nme.\n\n### Dish Soap\n\nDish soap is made to break up oil on dishes, which it will also do to your\nhair, so beware of desert-dry tresses if you try this method. Fortunately, if\nyou go through the effort of using this drying soap on your dyed hair, it can\nactually help remove unwanted color. You'll need to do many, many washes to\nfade it out, but it is definitely a step in the right direction if you really\nwant to remove a color. Some people throw some baking soda into their dish\nsoap for an extra boost. I haven't had great success with this personally, but\nwho knows what might work for your hair!\n\n### Anti-Dandruff Shampoo\n\nThis is one that I tend to gravitate towards because when mixed with the\ningredients below, it works magic and is the least damaging of the effective\ntreatments. My favorite anti-dandruff shampoo for fading hair dye is the Head\n& Shoulders Dandruff Shampoo, Green Apple. It is essential that you use the\ngreen apple version because it smells amazing.\n\nUnfortunately, this method is also drying on the hair, so deep conditioning\nyour hair after washing with this is important if you want to properly restore\nyour hair back to health. I recommend using your deepest deep conditioner and\nleaving it in for a few hours between treatments with the anti-dandruff\nshampoo. On its own, it will also take multiple rounds that will gradually\nfade your hair bit by bit. To speed up this process, use the Vitamin C Method.\n\nPicture courtesy of @offbeatlook\n\n### Lemon Juice\n\nLemon juice is one of those methods that you hear around the internet that\nwill help you lighten your hair, strip your hair color, whiten your teeth,\netc. In my experience, lemon juice is not quite the miracle you are looking\nfor. If you try to lighten your hair with it, the most you will get is your\nbest friend squinting at your head in bright lighting asking you if you did\nsomething new to your hair, but not being able to identify what it was. In my\nopinion, it's not worth the time.\n\n### Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda is in the same category as lemon juice, and oddly enough it's also\nused for whitening teeth, which is an interesting coincidence. I've tried\nmixing baking soda into different concoctions to strip my hair dye, and it\nhasn't been all that helpful.\n\n### Vitamin C Method\n\nVitamin C is a gift from God. It's able to strip out semi-permanent and demi-\npermanent hair dye like magic. If you have any vitamin C powder vitamins, then\nyou're in luck! If not, look for the vitamins that are made of compressed\npowder - not gummies or chewable ones - and crush them up into a powder. I\nusually put about 12 large pills in a plastic bag and smash them with a\nhammer. You can be as civilized with the process as you want, but that's the\nfun way.\n\nAfter you've gotten them nicely ground up:\n\n 1. mix the vitamin powder with your anti-dandruff shampoo\n 2. use the mixture to shampoo your hair, rubbing the strands between your fingers\n 3. cover your hair and leave it for half an hour\n\nThis will get the color to start seeping out, and won't be permanently\ndamaging like other chemical methods. Check out the video below showing how I\ndid this.\n\n### Color Strippers\n\nHair dye strippers exist for permanent hair colors. I've used the One N Only\nColorfix before. You can use them on semi-permanent or demi-permanent hair\ndyes, but they are chemical processes that will be damaging to your hair. They\nalso never fail to smell like rotten eggs on a hot day in a boiler room, but\nif you are desperate or need your color gone ASAP, one to maybe two rounds of\nthis will have your hair looking like it's just been bleached... and smelling\nlike eggs.\n\n### Bleach Baths\n\nBleach baths are a last resort for hair dye removal. If you have a dye that is\njust absolutely way too stubborn for any other method, then you can use this\nmethod at the risk of damaging your hair further while resolving your color\nissue. Just mix bleach powder in with some shampoo (some people use bleach\npowder with the developer and then shampoo, but it's up to you) and wash your\nhair with the mix. Leave it on for a few minutes and the color will disappear\nlike Houdini.\n\nEveryone's hair is different, and these are tips based on my own personal\nexperiences, but I encourage you to try each method out for yourself and see\nhow it reacts with your own hair. Happy color stripping!\n\nWhat methods have you tried to strip your hair color? Let me know in the\ncomments below.\n\nSign up for our newsletter to get more tips and tricks\n\n##### team message\n\nOur website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our\nvisitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker on our\nwebsite.\n\nThank you! :)\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103415/https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/","parsed_text":{"title":"Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations","passages":["An artificial hair color extractor, also called hair dye remover or hair color stripper, is highly effective and one of the least harmful ways to remove artificial color pigments from your hair. If your desire to look like Gwen Stefani’s platinum pixie transformed into a “Yellow Submarine,” then read on!","Stealth Haircare Health: A color stripper is specially designed to remove oxidative (permanent) dye from the hair. Color removing products generally don’t contain ammonia or bleaching agents. If you select the right brand and only use the product occasionally, it won’t cause significant damage to your hair.","Common Sense about the Scents: Color removers are suitable for use at home, but ensure that you carefully follow the directions and apply the product properly. The strong sulfur smell might be difficult for some people to tolerate, so washing your hair multiple times during the rinsing stage is advised to reduce most of the smell. Have common sense about the scents!","1. Color Chaos To Get Rid of Unwanted Color: If you tried a different brand of your desired shade and it came out darker than you wanted, a color stripper is your new BFF!. Or, if you dyed your natural blonde hair a darker color, but don’t like the results, consider a color stripper as your rescue ranger! In either case, a hair dye remover is the most effective way to reverse an undesirable color application and achieve a good base for a new color.","2. Pre-treating color remover: This product can be used to remove the build- up of previous color applications, making your hair ready for re-coloring and achieving the shade of your choice.","Brands: Color Oops Hair Color Remover, VANISH Color Corrector, PRAVANA Artificial Hair Color Extractor, and Salerm Color Reverse. These products don’t contain bleach, so they are milder on your hair than peroxide-containing formulas.","Schwarzkopf Professional Bond Enforcing Color Remover can lift artificial pigments up to 3 levels. It comes with a developer and Schwarzkopf Professional Bond Sealer.","The mixture of color remover and the developer is supposed to stay in the hair for 20 minutes. After rinsing the color remover, you need to apply the Bond Sealer and leave it in the hair for up to 10 minutes. After rinsing the Bond Sealer, your hair is ready for a new color application.","During the processing time, the color remover works by 1. Entering the hair shaft 2. Then breaking down the large color molecules that are deposited in the hair by oxidative hair dyes. The particles of color molecules become small enough to be washed out from the hair. This product will not only remove the synthetic pigments from the last color you applied but also from all the previous dyes, too.","Bleaching Briefs: Dye remover won’t lighten your natural hair color because it doesn’t contain bleach (there are some exceptions). This product is designed to only remove previously applied permanent hair dye pigments, without bleaching.","Here’s a bleaching brief: This product won’t work if you’re trying to restore your original natural color and you’ve used bleach in the past. Color remover won’t restore your hair to its pre-bleached color because the natural pigment within your underlying virgin hair has been lightened and altered. Dye remover will remove all the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the underlying lightened base.","Don’t expect a beautiful color after the color removal process is completed. However, you can attain the perfect base to dye your hair again to achieve your desired color. That is what this product is designed for.","Color Chameleons: Those who want to return to their natural color may be disappointed by the results. Many people blame their color remover for leaving warm undertones (This is why you hardly ever see a highly rated color remover). However, these undertones may be the result of the previous dying processes. Past underlying permanent dyes may have lifted some of the natural pigments present in your hair and the color extractor just revealed this unsightly hair.","This unique product doesn’t work on intense colors such as blues, bright reds, pinks, purples, or greens. Sorry, rainbow guys and gals! It only works on dyes that use peroxide developers, so it’s ineffective at removing direct dyes like henna and other plant-based colors, as well as semi-permanent or temporary colors.","True Colors: You may have read some reports about the successful removal of semi-permanent fashion colors using artificial hair color extractors; however, they aren’t designed for that use. A possible explanation is that significant fading of vivid colors may be caused by shampooing multiple times with a clarifying shampoo and rinsing the hair with very warm water, more than solely by the action of the color remover.","Update: Direct dye removers have been developed to help get rid of semi- permanent colors and allow for more experimenting with fashion colors.","c. If you have been dying your naturally golden blonde hair a dark brown, you probably will end up with a slightly reddish blonde.","d. If you have been dying your naturally dark hair a lighter shade, a color remover likely will alleviate the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the lightened base.","e. If your hair was partially gray before permanent dying in a darker shade, your white hair will possibly turn orange. You may need help from your colorist to recolor or make the transition to your naturally gray hair.","For the down low on damage control, keep in mind that color strippers remove only the artificial dyes without altering the structure of your hair. Using them is less damaging to your hair than applying bleach or ammonia-based products. However, subjecting the hair to shampooing multiple times and a lot of warm water rinsing can often deplete your hair of natural oils, leaving your strand feeling dry. Using a conditioner afterward is a must! A deep conditioning treatment should be done to help restore moisture and softness. Do damage control to keep your hair on a hot roll!","If you only use a hair color extractor occasionally, you won’t experience any serious damage to your hair. Overusing color stripping products can leave your hair dry, porous, and prone to breakage. Since hair color extractors leave a raised cuticle layer, you may experience faster color fading after stripping your hair.","To preserve the integrity of your hair, use hair color removers in moderation and select a brand that doesn’t contain bleach in the formula.","Be aware that a cold and drafty room is not an appropriate environment for using a day remover. Also, make sure to protect your clothing and nearby surfaces as the product could stain them. Always wear gloves and ensure all items used are made of plastic or glass.","Step 1– Shampoo your hair twice with a clarifying shampoo. Rinse and towel dry your hair as it should be clean and damp prior to application. Some products (such as the JoBaz Hair Color Remover) should be applied to dry hair per instruction. Your hair must be perfectly clean in both cases.","Step 2– Dye remover kits come in two separate bottles containing an acid solution and a sulfur-reducing agent. You need to follow directions and mix them together to cause a chemical reaction.","Step 3– In the application stage, you need to work fast because once the solutions are mixed together the product starts losing its effectiveness. Using a tint brush immediately apply the mixture to the hair. If you have long hair, you may find it easier to pour the product into your gloved hand and apply it with your fingertips. Use a wide-toothed plastic comb to ensure even distribution.","Step 4– Once the hair is well saturated with the mixture, put a processing cap over your hair, and apply medium heat for 20 minutes. You can use a blow dryer to keep your hair warm. Applying heat helps open the cuticle and accelerate color removal. If you don’t use the blow dryer, wrap the plastic cap with a towel to keep your hair warm.","Step 5– The rinsing stage is the most important part of the process and must be done properly. During this step, you wash out the color particles from the hair. Shampoo and thoroughly rinse by directing the water into the hair multiple times. Each shampoo should be followed by a long warm rinse to keep the cuticles open. If you use cold water, the product won’t work. If you don’t rinse your hair well enough, the color particles that remain in your hair will oxidize in the air and expand again. When you do not completely flush color particles out, you may experience unwanted re-darkening and return to the unwanted color within 24-48 hours after use. The extra rinsing also helps with washing away the strong, unpleasant smell of the product.","Your hair will be a bit dry after multiple shampooing, so apply a good amount of conditioner and leave it for several minutes to combat the dryness. A neutral protein filler should be applied to seal the cuticles back.","Although the directions on the box say that you can dye your hair the same day, I would recommend letting your hair rest for several days before dying it. If your previous color applications left your hair dry and overly porous, this condition will become even more obvious after using a color remover. If you choose to apply permanent hair dye immediately following the color removal process, you need to select a color that is at least 2 levels lighter than you want, because the coloring of extremely porous hair will produce darker and more intense results than intended.","If you wish to re-color your striped hair the same day, it is advisable to apply a temporary or semi-permanent hair color closest to your natural shade and tone and wait at least a week before applying a permanent dye. This will allow the porosity of your hair to decrease a bit.","If you decide just to wait for the roots to grow out, using a “purple” shampoo will help keep the brassiness away.","I’ve only dyed my hair once. I’m naturally a medium brown color, and I died my hair black about 3 months ago. I used permanent dye, but I haven’t retouched it yet (I only dyed it the original time). I’m sick of the color, and I’m really hoping I can get close to my natural hair color because I’ve only dyed it once. Any suggestions? (I’m also trying to avoid a red tint)","A color remover wouldn’t resolve the problem except you plan to dye your hair again. Consider consulting an experienced colorist.","Yes, you can remove it my hair is naturally medium brown color I dyed it burgundy to black I used color oops the first time it took all the black out and my hair was burgundy since I had dyed it that color before the black I used color Oops Hair again and it came back to my natural hair color with no red tints but just make sure you rinse your hair completely to remove all the color. Since you’ve only dyed it once it’s less color to remove and not layers on top of layers.","My hair is naturally medium to dark blonde. A couple of weeks ago I tried box dying it lighter blonde because in the winter my natural lighter highlights fade and it looked more brown than blonde. Anyways this golden blonde L’Oreal box dye turned my lighter blonde hair orange and my darker blonde hair red. I went to an Aveda salon and asked for them to fix the red/orange and I wanted a natural blonde look with highlights and lowlights. They told me they couldn’t fix the orange/red immediately, and they did this: -they highlighted my hair (to break up the red) -and then toned/added a gloss for about 8 minutes to counteract the red","One thing I noticed was the stylists said my hair “took” really well to the highlight and it brought some neutral blonde tones, which I like. However, other than that, my hair is still orange/red.","What I would like to know is: 1. Did the salon do the best they could to remove the red/orange, or were they being too conservative with my hair? If so, what should I ask to be done at another salon to achieve the best and quickest results possible? 2. I tried buying purple shampoos and toners and nothing seems to be working on my hair! Should I try using a color stripping treatment like Pravana? Given my situation, would that only make my hair more orange/red, or would it help to remove that artificial color to my natural dark blonde?","No; I haven’t asked her yet to remove the color. Also, on the downside, she just started being a hairdresser.","I use a color remover to get the ginger color out of my dark blonde hair. It worked pretty well but is still a little red/gold. I’m going to dye over it, but I’m not sure what developer to use. 10 or 20? Any suggestions?","Hello everyone, my Asian hair was bleached back in 2014. then used medium brown to cover my white hair. If I use color remover, is it correct that my hair will go back to the color when I bleached it (which is orangey goldy- ish)? If yes, I am also looking at using toner instead, because I want to go blonde and then silver-white then transition to gray-white. I want to stop using hair dye after I have achieved the silver or white color on my hair. Any thoughts? I learned a lot from this forum. Super thanks for sharing!","hello! I am naturally brunette, I bleached my hair around 6 months ago, by professionals. yesterday, I decided to box dye my hair brown again. I fully regret it, so I was thinking of using a hair color remover. I’m not sure how it will turn up, and I want to go back blonde too if possible. any suggestions would be good. thanks!","Hi~ I’m trying not to damage my hair too much so I waited for like one more for the second bleach. and another month for color application. however, the color wasn’t up to expectations. my normal hair color is black. after first bleach it became brown. after the second bleach, it became light brown. after applying a light pink dye, it became dark rose gold. if I use bleach on this color, will it go back to light brown? or will it be even lighter?","I suggest consulting an experienced colorist in your area to ensure you are using the best lightening solutions and determine what is the right base for your desired color. You can strip golden rose color using hair color remover and then continue with lightening sessions until you reach the right base for the color you want. If you are not sure that you have made the right choice of color, use semi-permanent color until you are ready for permanent coloring. If you’re getting your hair colored at the salon, choose a salon that uses a bond-building product like Olaplex to reduce the damaging effect of bleaching and coloring.","have naturally black hair that I had gotten it done by someone who I don’t think used bleach. She had dyed streaks of red and brown to my hair and I realized that I don’t like it and I want my natural color back without waiting long for it to regrow. I searched for many remedies to remove artificial hair color but always was scared that I would lose all my hair. I found color oops and read many reviews, some said it was great, some hated it and I am scared if I buy it and then it breaks off all my hair. I have straight to wavy hair and it is long. I don’t know if I should try it but at the same time, I don’t want to re-dye it. Is it safe? Will it remove all the artificial so I am back with my natural black hair? Since I didn’t use bleach, will it go back to its original color?","If you follow instructions and Color Oops will not damage your hair. Color Oops takes out the last color and makes your hair absorbent to another color. The product will remove hair dye but not your natural color. You will get a base to re-color and you can choose a shade closest to your natural color. Consult ann experienced colorist in your area. Since your hair is black and you don’t want to go lighter you might don’t have to use color remover at all.","I’ve been getting highlights for many years to my thin mousey brown shoulder- length hair. My hair can be broken in some areas but not too bad. Sometimes they would give me brown lowlights, or brown roots. In between highlights. Then I had the salon dye my brown. The dark brown dye she used was a demi. But it looks black and washes out my face. It’s been around 2 1/2 weeks and I hate it. In my situation what would the nonbleach color remover do to my hair? The colorist suggested using it. But colorist has ruined my hair in the past. I need to get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights.","You can use a color remover to remove artificial pigment. You will get a good base for applying a new shade. To get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights you need to re-color. You might want to find a hair professional that you will trust.","Would a direct dye lifter such as Malibu C DDL and 20 developer work on removing temporary colors? I have gray hair and I want to fast track my transition by using Malibu C DDL. I realize I may need a toner afterward, but I wanted your thoughts. Also, would adding Olaplex No. 1 to the mixture help protect my hair in the stripping process?","Here is a post about direct dye removers:https://softerhair.com/direct-hair- dye-removers/ Malibu C DDL will remove temporary colors and it can be activated either by mixing it with a developer or water. This product is recommended for professional use. You might want to learn more by watching a video tutorial.","I did use a color remover on my hair which was a dark brown color which I didn’t like think it provoked color remover and the underlying color was kind of a mousey blonde my hair felt softer too saves dying my hair again","My natural color is a medium brown, and I was dying My hair red for a while. I used a color strip , and it turned my hair to a yellow and orange color. I put a soft lavender brown color on my hair.Im very pleased with the out come..The purple reacted and got rid off all the brassy.My hair is a ash blonde now..I will add that I washed the lavender out and conditioned it heavily to wash it out..In other words I didn’t let it set.","I am a redhead in my fifties, and have been covering white for several years with a copper blond color, and more recently with rose gold which is lighter. My roots now are almost pure white, so I am thinking of “going natural”, since white hair is popular. I tried Color Oops and it did pull out a lot of the color, but not all. My hair now is a yellowish blond, not bad, but not the white that I have in my new growth. I used purple shampoo to calm that a bit, but I don’t honestly know if all of my hair is white like the top, or if some of it still retains color. Would trying Color Oops again remove the remaining color and actually let my base white color show?","no this isn’t true!!! it does remove the pigment from your normal hair !!! I use color remover to lighten my hair because it damages wayyyyyy less than bleach and my hair is like dark brown and curly .","LOL sorry i take that back idk how to delete it . i used a different one from the ones you listed my bad . but! it doesn’t damage my hair nearly as much as when i’ve bleached it and it feels really good :))","Hi, my natural hair colour is mousy blonde and the past 3.5 years I have been colouring my hair black but now I want to go back to my natural colour or to dye it back to blonde, what is the best colour remover can I use to get rid of the black please, oh at the beginning it was bleached black but after few months I have been using Garnier Belle color permanent black, help needed thanks","my hair has been dyed alot. the last one is black with blue undertones. i hate it. my roots are a bit lighter blue. all salons are closed right now. i just bought 2 bottles of loreal paris colourist secrets hair colour remover. will this work on it. i want to eventually go to ash blonde or ash to start for summer","You need to color asap after using color remover and the one you mentioned is not gentle. Why not try some temporary solution until you will be able to visit the salon? There is a range of temporary root concealers to fix your roots if the roots are a concern. Also, color styling mouses can even your color and add texture and shine. They are just a temporary solution but are convenient to use and wash out with shampooing. They also provide conditioning benefits to colored hair, like yours. My latest post was about color styling mouses. I hope this will help.","I have been coloring my hair with Wella 12N (giving me a brassy golden blonde) and every other color use a toner as well. My hair is very dark brown at root. I want to go back to natural color, will the stripper help?","Yes and no. You will not get back to your natural color just by using a color stripper. But you can get a good base to apply a shade that is close to your natural color to make the transition easier. Your colorist will help you choose the right shade.","Hi, I have been coloring my silver gray roots for years with a medium dark brown box color. I was wondering if using a color remover to start the transition to gray would be an option. I have very long think hair. I’m looking for a gentle transition. So would a color remover and then use of a to ing shampoo be an option? I really don’t want want to cut all of my hair off.","No, a color remover will not be a solution if you are not planning to apply the color again. A lot of unwanted undertones will show up. I suggest a consultation with a skilled hair colorist to start the transition. You want to know you are in good hands before starting.","I find so many of the bad reviews are because we’re all conditioned to the important part of the process being when it’s sitting in your hair. Unlike dye, all the magic in color strippers, just as you said, is in the tedious rinsing/washing stage. You can always tell the people who are impatient & don’t read or follow directions thoroughly, but it’s the product’s fault, of course!","What I’m wondering, is how long of a window do you have from when you begin rinsing to the dye oxidizing again if you don’t get it all rinsed out? Obviously the 30 minutes, but does it stop once the hair is out of warm water or once the product is washed off & you’re done rinsing? I’ve seen people advise to keep washing over the next several days, but why bother if the only thing it’s accomplishing is drying your hair out?","I can not find the info I need anywhere on the internet and can not go to a salon. I hope you can help! My hair was bleached 2 years ago to almost platinum, to accommodate pastels. 6 months ago I used a semi red for base (like a manic panic) and then a semi brown. Which turned very dark. And has never washed/faded out. Can I use a colour remover at this point and what remaining colour could be expected, if I use it correctly? So I can anticipate what to do for the next step. Thank you in advance!","You should use an appropriate color remover for a semi red and semi browm color. The remover should be formulated to remove semi-permanent dyes. Your hair is probably very porous when it holds the semi-color for so long. Sometimes it is a challenge even for professional colorists to remove the semi-permanent color from overly porous, bleached hair. Shampooing with a clarifying shampoo might help a little. There is no guarantee that color remover will remove all the color, but there are chances that you get an acceptable base for a new color shade. Consider using a clear protein filler prior to the next coloring to even hair porosity and get more consistent results.","I don’t understand the part where they say that it won’t damage your hair. It does. It made mine insanely dry. Thankfully already bought things to deal with this because I knew it would happen. But I don’t understand why this ‘point’ would be in the article when it isn’t true.","A month or so ago I got a keratin straightening (NAK) Will using Color removers, remove the treatment? Thanks for your time!","I naturally have light brown hair, dyed it red last year with box dye, then like two weeks ago I decided to go black with box dye, decided I didn’t like it and kept it for a few days, used a color remover and I didn’t do it right so it didn’t work good, then dyed it red again on top of that, the red turned out dark almost black, then used color oops the correct way but I don’t know how long I should wait before dying it red again.. so far I been waiting for a week. My hair is currently like a light ginger color, but when it’s wet it looks dark and idk if that’s normal because my hair hasn’t been this color. Is it safe to put red box dye on it after using a color remover after a week of waiting?","Amazon Affiliate Disclosure: softerhair.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com."]},"parsed_md":"Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations | Softer Hair\n\nSkip to content\n\nSofter Hair\n\n# Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations\n\n### What’s Hair Color Remover?\n\nAn artificial hair color extractor, also called hair dye remover or hair color\nstripper, is highly effective and one of the least harmful ways to remove\nartificial color pigments from your hair. If your desire to look like Gwen\nStefani’s platinum pixie transformed into a “Yellow Submarine,” then read on!\n\nStealth Haircare Health: A color stripper is specially designed to remove\noxidative (permanent) dye from the hair. Color removing products generally\ndon’t contain ammonia or bleaching agents. If you select the right brand and\nonly use the product occasionally, it won’t cause significant damage to your\nhair.\n\nCommon Sense about the Scents: Color removers are suitable for use at home,\nbut ensure that you carefully follow the directions and apply the product\nproperly. The strong sulfur smell might be difficult for some people to\ntolerate, so washing your hair multiple times during the rinsing stage is\nadvised to reduce most of the smell. Have common sense about the scents!\n\n### When you Need to Use a Color Stripper?\n\n1\\. Color Chaos To Get Rid of Unwanted Color: If you tried a different brand\nof your desired shade and it came out darker than you wanted, a color stripper\nis your new BFF!. Or, if you dyed your natural blonde hair a darker color, but\ndon’t like the results, consider a color stripper as your rescue ranger! In\neither case, a hair dye remover is the most effective way to reverse an\nundesirable color application and achieve a good base for a new color.\n\n2\\. Pre-treating color remover: This product can be used to remove the build-\nup of previous color applications, making your hair ready for re-coloring and\nachieving the shade of your choice.\n\nBrands: Color Oops Hair Color Remover, VANISH Color Corrector, PRAVANA\nArtificial Hair Color Extractor, and Salerm Color Reverse. These products\ndon’t contain bleach, so they are milder on your hair than peroxide-containing\nformulas.\n\nBrands that contain bleach: Some brands like the L’OREAL Effasol Color\nRemover, Colorist Secrets Haircolor Remover, Redbook Color Changer, and Wella\nColor Charm Color Remover contain bleach in their formula.\n\nThe brand with color reinforcing technology\n\nSchwarzkopf Professional Bond Enforcing Color Remover can lift artificial\npigments up to 3 levels. It comes with a developer and Schwarzkopf\nProfessional Bond Sealer.\n\nThe mixture of color remover and the developer is supposed to stay in the hair\nfor 20 minutes. After rinsing the color remover, you need to apply the Bond\nSealer and leave it in the hair for up to 10 minutes. After rinsing the Bond\nSealer, your hair is ready for a new color application.\n\n### Makeover Moments: How Does a Color Remover Work?\n\nDuring the processing time, the color remover works by 1. Entering the hair\nshaft 2. Then breaking down the large color molecules that are deposited in\nthe hair by oxidative hair dyes. The particles of color molecules become small\nenough to be washed out from the hair. This product will not only remove the\nsynthetic pigments from the last color you applied but also from all the\nprevious dyes, too.\n\nBleaching Briefs: Dye remover won’t lighten your natural hair color because it\ndoesn’t contain bleach (there are some exceptions). This product is designed\nto only remove previously applied permanent hair dye pigments, without\nbleaching.\n\nHere’s a bleaching brief: This product won’t work if you’re trying to restore\nyour original natural color and you’ve used bleach in the past. Color remover\nwon’t restore your hair to its pre-bleached color because the natural pigment\nwithin your underlying virgin hair has been lightened and altered. Dye remover\nwill remove all the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the underlying\nlightened base.\n\nYouTube video by Porcelain: Black to Blonde Hair in 20 minutes! Color Oops\nDemo + Review\n\nDon’t expect a beautiful color after the color removal process is completed.\nHowever, you can attain the perfect base to dye your hair again to achieve\nyour desired color. That is what this product is designed for.\n\nColor Chameleons: Those who want to return to their natural color may be\ndisappointed by the results. Many people blame their color remover for leaving\nwarm undertones (This is why you hardly ever see a highly rated color\nremover). However, these undertones may be the result of the previous dying\nprocesses. Past underlying permanent dyes may have lifted some of the natural\npigments present in your hair and the color extractor just revealed this\nunsightly hair.\n\n### Color Transformers: Will a Color Remover Strip a Semi-Permanent Color?\n\nThis unique product doesn’t work on intense colors such as blues, bright reds,\npinks, purples, or greens. Sorry, rainbow guys and gals! It only works on dyes\nthat use peroxide developers, so it’s ineffective at removing direct dyes like\nhenna and other plant-based colors, as well as semi-permanent or temporary\ncolors.\n\nTrue Colors: You may have read some reports about the successful removal of\nsemi-permanent fashion colors using artificial hair color extractors; however,\nthey aren’t designed for that use. A possible explanation is that significant\nfading of vivid colors may be caused by shampooing multiple times with a\nclarifying shampoo and rinsing the hair with very warm water, more than solely\nby the action of the color remover.\n\nUpdate: Direct dye removers have been developed to help get rid of semi-\npermanent colors and allow for more experimenting with fashion colors.\n\n#### To summarize the typical color chameleon facts,\n\na. The outcome depends on your natural color and your hair coloring history.\n\nb. If you have been dying your naturally brown hair black, it may turn out a\nreddish-brown.\n\nc. If you have been dying your naturally golden blonde hair a dark brown, you\nprobably will end up with a slightly reddish blonde.\n\nd. If you have been dying your naturally dark hair a lighter shade, a color\nremover likely will alleviate the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the\nlightened base.\n\ne. If your hair was partially gray before permanent dying in a darker shade,\nyour white hair will possibly turn orange. You may need help from your\ncolorist to recolor or make the transition to your naturally gray hair.\n\n### Damage Control: Is a Dye Remover Damaging to Your Hair?\n\nFor the down low on damage control, keep in mind that color strippers remove\nonly the artificial dyes without altering the structure of your hair. Using\nthem is less damaging to your hair than applying bleach or ammonia-based\nproducts. However, subjecting the hair to shampooing multiple times and a lot\nof warm water rinsing can often deplete your hair of natural oils, leaving\nyour strand feeling dry. Using a conditioner afterward is a must! A deep\nconditioning treatment should be done to help restore moisture and softness.\nDo damage control to keep your hair on a hot roll!\n\nIf you only use a hair color extractor occasionally, you won’t experience any\nserious damage to your hair. Overusing color stripping products can leave your\nhair dry, porous, and prone to breakage. Since hair color extractors leave a\nraised cuticle layer, you may experience faster color fading after stripping\nyour hair.\n\nTo preserve the integrity of your hair, use hair color removers in moderation\nand select a brand that doesn’t contain bleach in the formula.\n\n## How to Use Color Removers: Fab 5 Steps:\n\nBe aware that a cold and drafty room is not an appropriate environment for\nusing a day remover. Also, make sure to protect your clothing and nearby\nsurfaces as the product could stain them. Always wear gloves and ensure all\nitems used are made of plastic or glass.\n\nStep 1– Shampoo your hair twice with a clarifying shampoo. Rinse and towel dry\nyour hair as it should be clean and damp prior to application. Some products\n(such as the JoBaz Hair Color Remover) should be applied to dry hair per\ninstruction. Your hair must be perfectly clean in both cases.\n\nStep 2– Dye remover kits come in two separate bottles containing an acid\nsolution and a sulfur-reducing agent. You need to follow directions and mix\nthem together to cause a chemical reaction.\n\nStep 3– In the application stage, you need to work fast because once the\nsolutions are mixed together the product starts losing its effectiveness.\nUsing a tint brush immediately apply the mixture to the hair. If you have long\nhair, you may find it easier to pour the product into your gloved hand and\napply it with your fingertips. Use a wide-toothed plastic comb to ensure even\ndistribution.\n\nStep 4– Once the hair is well saturated with the mixture, put a processing cap\nover your hair, and apply medium heat for 20 minutes. You can use a blow dryer\nto keep your hair warm. Applying heat helps open the cuticle and accelerate\ncolor removal. If you don’t use the blow dryer, wrap the plastic cap with a\ntowel to keep your hair warm.\n\nStep 5– The rinsing stage is the most important part of the process and must\nbe done properly. During this step, you wash out the color particles from the\nhair. Shampoo and thoroughly rinse by directing the water into the hair\nmultiple times. Each shampoo should be followed by a long warm rinse to keep\nthe cuticles open. If you use cold water, the product won’t work. If you don’t\nrinse your hair well enough, the color particles that remain in your hair will\noxidize in the air and expand again. When you do not completely flush color\nparticles out, you may experience unwanted re-darkening and return to the\nunwanted color within 24-48 hours after use. The extra rinsing also helps with\nwashing away the strong, unpleasant smell of the product.\n\nYour hair will be a bit dry after multiple shampooing, so apply a good amount\nof conditioner and leave it for several minutes to combat the dryness. A\nneutral protein filler should be applied to seal the cuticles back.\n\n### Closing the cycle: Recoloring\n\nAlthough the directions on the box say that you can dye your hair the same\nday, I would recommend letting your hair rest for several days before dying\nit. If your previous color applications left your hair dry and overly porous,\nthis condition will become even more obvious after using a color remover. If\nyou choose to apply permanent hair dye immediately following the color removal\nprocess, you need to select a color that is at least 2 levels lighter than you\nwant, because the coloring of extremely porous hair will produce darker and\nmore intense results than intended.\n\nIf you wish to re-color your striped hair the same day, it is advisable to\napply a temporary or semi-permanent hair color closest to your natural shade\nand tone and wait at least a week before applying a permanent dye. This will\nallow the porosity of your hair to decrease a bit.\n\nIf you decide just to wait for the roots to grow out, using a “purple” shampoo\nwill help keep the brassiness away.\n\n### RELATED POSTS:\n\n * Hair Pre-Color Treatments and Products\n\n * Direct Hair Dye Removers for Easier Switching...\n\n * Keratin Bond Hair Extensions – Advantages,...\n\n * Temporary Hair Dyes: Types, Advantages, and Limitations\n\n * The Best Products to Maintain Blonde Hair\n\n * How to Care for Your Platinum Hair Between Salon Visits\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n44 shares\n\n * Share9\n * Tweet\n * Reddit\n * Pocket\n * Email\n\nCategories Hair Coloring\n\n### 40 thoughts on “Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations”\n\n 1. Therese\n\nMarch 20, 2018 at 2:15 pm\n\nI’ve only dyed my hair once. I’m naturally a medium brown color, and I died my\nhair black about 3 months ago. I used permanent dye, but I haven’t retouched\nit yet (I only dyed it the original time). I’m sick of the color, and I’m\nreally hoping I can get close to my natural hair color because I’ve only dyed\nit once. Any suggestions? (I’m also trying to avoid a red tint)\n\n 2. Gaga\n\nMarch 22, 2018 at 10:40 pm\n\nA color remover wouldn’t resolve the problem except you plan to dye your hair\nagain. Consider consulting an experienced colorist.\n\n 3. ALicia Anderson\n\nMarch 24, 2018 at 7:33 pm\n\nYes, you can remove it my hair is naturally medium brown color I dyed it\nburgundy to black I used color oops the first time it took all the black out\nand my hair was burgundy since I had dyed it that color before the black I\nused color Oops Hair again and it came back to my natural hair color with no\nred tints but just make sure you rinse your hair completely to remove all the\ncolor. Since you’ve only dyed it once it’s less color to remove and not layers\non top of layers.\n\n 4. ALicia Anderson\n\nMarch 24, 2018 at 7:34 pm\n\nOH and not to mention the black and burgundy we’re both permanent colors.\n\n 5. Kersten Parrella\n\nMarch 29, 2018 at 7:21 pm\n\nMy hair is naturally medium to dark blonde. A couple of weeks ago I tried box\ndying it lighter blonde because in the winter my natural lighter highlights\nfade and it looked more brown than blonde. Anyways this golden blonde L’Oreal\nbox dye turned my lighter blonde hair orange and my darker blonde hair red. I\nwent to an Aveda salon and asked for them to fix the red/orange and I wanted a\nnatural blonde look with highlights and lowlights. They told me they couldn’t\nfix the orange/red immediately, and they did this: -they highlighted my hair\n(to break up the red) -and then toned/added a gloss for about 8 minutes to\ncounteract the red\n\nOne thing I noticed was the stylists said my hair “took” really well to the\nhighlight and it brought some neutral blonde tones, which I like. However,\nother than that, my hair is still orange/red.\n\nWhat I would like to know is: 1. Did the salon do the best they could to\nremove the red/orange, or were they being too conservative with my hair? If\nso, what should I ask to be done at another salon to achieve the best and\nquickest results possible? 2. I tried buying purple shampoos and toners and\nnothing seems to be working on my hair! Should I try using a color stripping\ntreatment like Pravana? Given my situation, would that only make my hair more\norange/red, or would it help to remove that artificial color to my natural\ndark blonde?\n\n 6. Pat Hammond\n\nMay 14, 2018 at 8:39 pm\n\nNo; I haven’t asked her yet to remove the color. Also, on the downside, she\njust started being a hairdresser.\n\n 7. Jams\n\nSeptember 13, 2018 at 1:30 pm\n\nI use a color remover to get the ginger color out of my dark blonde hair. It\nworked pretty well but is still a little red/gold. I’m going to dye over it,\nbut I’m not sure what developer to use. 10 or 20? Any suggestions?\n\n 8. Sue\n\nNovember 12, 2018 at 5:48 pm\n\nIt says on the Colour Oops box that it DOES remove semi-permanent.\n\n 9. MCgee\n\nDecember 1, 2018 at 11:39 pm\n\nHello everyone, my Asian hair was bleached back in 2014. then used medium\nbrown to cover my white hair. If I use color remover, is it correct that my\nhair will go back to the color when I bleached it (which is orangey goldy-\nish)? If yes, I am also looking at using toner instead, because I want to go\nblonde and then silver-white then transition to gray-white. I want to stop\nusing hair dye after I have achieved the silver or white color on my hair. Any\nthoughts? I learned a lot from this forum. Super thanks for sharing!\n\n 10. laura\n\nJuly 19, 2019 at 8:23 am\n\nhello! I am naturally brunette, I bleached my hair around 6 months ago, by\nprofessionals. yesterday, I decided to box dye my hair brown again. I fully\nregret it, so I was thinking of using a hair color remover. I’m not sure how\nit will turn up, and I want to go back blonde too if possible. any suggestions\nwould be good. thanks!\n\n 11. Zred\n\nJuly 21, 2019 at 4:48 pm\n\nHi~ I’m trying not to damage my hair too much so I waited for like one more\nfor the second bleach. and another month for color application. however, the\ncolor wasn’t up to expectations. my normal hair color is black. after first\nbleach it became brown. after the second bleach, it became light brown. after\napplying a light pink dye, it became dark rose gold. if I use bleach on this\ncolor, will it go back to light brown? or will it be even lighter?\n\n 12. Gaga\n\nJuly 22, 2019 at 12:08 am\n\nI suggest consulting an experienced colorist in your area to ensure you are\nusing the best lightening solutions and determine what is the right base for\nyour desired color. You can strip golden rose color using hair color remover\nand then continue with lightening sessions until you reach the right base for\nthe color you want. If you are not sure that you have made the right choice of\ncolor, use semi-permanent color until you are ready for permanent coloring. If\nyou’re getting your hair colored at the salon, choose a salon that uses a\nbond-building product like Olaplex to reduce the damaging effect of bleaching\nand coloring.\n\n 13. Nikki\n\nAugust 10, 2019 at 1:53 am\n\nhave naturally black hair that I had gotten it done by someone who I don’t\nthink used bleach. She had dyed streaks of red and brown to my hair and I\nrealized that I don’t like it and I want my natural color back without waiting\nlong for it to regrow. I searched for many remedies to remove artificial hair\ncolor but always was scared that I would lose all my hair. I found color oops\nand read many reviews, some said it was great, some hated it and I am scared\nif I buy it and then it breaks off all my hair. I have straight to wavy hair\nand it is long. I don’t know if I should try it but at the same time, I don’t\nwant to re-dye it. Is it safe? Will it remove all the artificial so I am back\nwith my natural black hair? Since I didn’t use bleach, will it go back to its\noriginal color?\n\n 14. Gaga\n\nAugust 11, 2019 at 5:15 am\n\nIf you follow instructions and Color Oops will not damage your hair. Color\nOops takes out the last color and makes your hair absorbent to another color.\nThe product will remove hair dye but not your natural color. You will get a\nbase to re-color and you can choose a shade closest to your natural color.\nConsult ann experienced colorist in your area. Since your hair is black and\nyou don’t want to go lighter you might don’t have to use color remover at all.\n\n 15. Ritika\n\nSeptember 1, 2019 at 3:37 am\n\nThanks a million.I got precise info on non-bleach containing color stripping\nproducts on your website\n\n 16. Christine Battaglia\n\nOctober 18, 2019 at 10:55 pm\n\nI’ve been getting highlights for many years to my thin mousey brown shoulder-\nlength hair. My hair can be broken in some areas but not too bad. Sometimes\nthey would give me brown lowlights, or brown roots. In between highlights.\nThen I had the salon dye my brown. The dark brown dye she used was a demi. But\nit looks black and washes out my face. It’s been around 2 1/2 weeks and I hate\nit. In my situation what would the nonbleach color remover do to my hair? The\ncolorist suggested using it. But colorist has ruined my hair in the past. I\nneed to get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights.\n\n 17. Gaga\n\nOctober 19, 2019 at 3:22 am\n\nYou can use a color remover to remove artificial pigment. You will get a good\nbase for applying a new shade. To get back to brown hair with a lot of\nhighlights you need to re-color. You might want to find a hair professional\nthat you will trust.\n\n 18. Lynn\n\nNovember 25, 2019 at 7:15 pm\n\nWould a direct dye lifter such as Malibu C DDL and 20 developer work on\nremoving temporary colors? I have gray hair and I want to fast track my\ntransition by using Malibu C DDL. I realize I may need a toner afterward, but\nI wanted your thoughts. Also, would adding Olaplex No. 1 to the mixture help\nprotect my hair in the stripping process?\n\n 19. Gaga\n\nDecember 2, 2019 at 7:34 am\n\nHere is a post about direct dye removers:https://softerhair.com/direct-hair-\ndye-removers/ Malibu C DDL will remove temporary colors and it can be\nactivated either by mixing it with a developer or water. This product is\nrecommended for professional use. You might want to learn more by watching a\nvideo tutorial.\n\n 20. Karen Willis\n\nDecember 28, 2019 at 8:24 am\n\nI did use a color remover on my hair which was a dark brown color which I\ndidn’t like think it provoked color remover and the underlying color was kind\nof a mousey blonde my hair felt softer too saves dying my hair again\n\n 21. Charla Grisham\n\nFebruary 2, 2020 at 5:48 am\n\nMy natural color is a medium brown, and I was dying My hair red for a while. I\nused a color strip , and it turned my hair to a yellow and orange color. I put\na soft lavender brown color on my hair.Im very pleased with the out come..The\npurple reacted and got rid off all the brassy.My hair is a ash blonde now..I\nwill add that I washed the lavender out and conditioned it heavily to wash it\nout..In other words I didn’t let it set.\n\n 22. Haley Manis\n\nApril 20, 2020 at 1:22 am\n\nAfter removing the hair dye do you need to tone it if your natural color is\nblonde?\n\n 23. EMJL\n\nApril 20, 2020 at 3:28 pm\n\nI am a redhead in my fifties, and have been covering white for several years\nwith a copper blond color, and more recently with rose gold which is lighter.\nMy roots now are almost pure white, so I am thinking of “going natural”, since\nwhite hair is popular. I tried Color Oops and it did pull out a lot of the\ncolor, but not all. My hair now is a yellowish blond, not bad, but not the\nwhite that I have in my new growth. I used purple shampoo to calm that a bit,\nbut I don’t honestly know if all of my hair is white like the top, or if some\nof it still retains color. Would trying Color Oops again remove the remaining\ncolor and actually let my base white color show?\n\n 24. Gaga\n\nApril 21, 2020 at 10:53 pm\n\nYes. You need to tone it as the color you get doesn’t look very good.\n\n 25. sydney\n\nApril 24, 2020 at 2:56 pm\n\nno this isn’t true!!! it does remove the pigment from your normal hair !!! I\nuse color remover to lighten my hair because it damages wayyyyyy less than\nbleach and my hair is like dark brown and curly .\n\n 26. sydney\n\nApril 24, 2020 at 3:01 pm\n\nLOL sorry i take that back idk how to delete it . i used a different one from\nthe ones you listed my bad . but! it doesn’t damage my hair nearly as much as\nwhen i’ve bleached it and it feels really good :))\n\n 27. Sandra Shrimplin\n\nApril 24, 2020 at 5:57 pm\n\nHi, my natural hair colour is mousy blonde and the past 3.5 years I have been\ncolouring my hair black but now I want to go back to my natural colour or to\ndye it back to blonde, what is the best colour remover can I use to get rid of\nthe black please, oh at the beginning it was bleached black but after few\nmonths I have been using Garnier Belle color permanent black, help needed\nthanks\n\n 28. Sarah Bettencourt\n\nApril 30, 2020 at 7:15 pm\n\nmy hair has been dyed alot. the last one is black with blue undertones. i hate\nit. my roots are a bit lighter blue. all salons are closed right now. i just\nbought 2 bottles of loreal paris colourist secrets hair colour remover. will\nthis work on it. i want to eventually go to ash blonde or ash to start for\nsummer\n\n 29. Gaga\n\nMay 1, 2020 at 1:44 am\n\nYou need to color asap after using color remover and the one you mentioned is\nnot gentle. Why not try some temporary solution until you will be able to\nvisit the salon? There is a range of temporary root concealers to fix your\nroots if the roots are a concern. Also, color styling mouses can even your\ncolor and add texture and shine. They are just a temporary solution but are\nconvenient to use and wash out with shampooing. They also provide conditioning\nbenefits to colored hair, like yours. My latest post was about color styling\nmouses. I hope this will help.\n\n 30. Angie Westback\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 4:16 pm\n\nI have been coloring my hair with Wella 12N (giving me a brassy golden blonde)\nand every other color use a toner as well. My hair is very dark brown at root.\nI want to go back to natural color, will the stripper help?\n\n 31. Gaga\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 6:12 pm\n\nYes and no. You will not get back to your natural color just by using a color\nstripper. But you can get a good base to apply a shade that is close to your\nnatural color to make the transition easier. Your colorist will help you\nchoose the right shade.\n\n 32. Carolyn\n\nAugust 23, 2020 at 11:54 pm\n\nHi, I have been coloring my silver gray roots for years with a medium dark\nbrown box color. I was wondering if using a color remover to start the\ntransition to gray would be an option. I have very long think hair. I’m\nlooking for a gentle transition. So would a color remover and then use of a to\ning shampoo be an option? I really don’t want want to cut all of my hair off.\n\n 33. Gaga\n\nAugust 24, 2020 at 4:35 am\n\nNo, a color remover will not be a solution if you are not planning to apply\nthe color again. A lot of unwanted undertones will show up. I suggest a\nconsultation with a skilled hair colorist to start the transition. You want to\nknow you are in good hands before starting.\n\n 34. AnitaTaco\n\nSeptember 25, 2020 at 4:11 am\n\nI find so many of the bad reviews are because we’re all conditioned to the\nimportant part of the process being when it’s sitting in your hair. Unlike\ndye, all the magic in color strippers, just as you said, is in the tedious\nrinsing/washing stage. You can always tell the people who are impatient &\ndon’t read or follow directions thoroughly, but it’s the product’s fault, of\ncourse!\n\nWhat I’m wondering, is how long of a window do you have from when you begin\nrinsing to the dye oxidizing again if you don’t get it all rinsed out?\nObviously the 30 minutes, but does it stop once the hair is out of warm water\nor once the product is washed off & you’re done rinsing? I’ve seen people\nadvise to keep washing over the next several days, but why bother if the only\nthing it’s accomplishing is drying your hair out?\n\n 35. MelBel\n\nJanuary 31, 2021 at 3:18 am\n\nI can not find the info I need anywhere on the internet and can not go to a\nsalon. I hope you can help! My hair was bleached 2 years ago to almost\nplatinum, to accommodate pastels. 6 months ago I used a semi red for base\n(like a manic panic) and then a semi brown. Which turned very dark. And has\nnever washed/faded out. Can I use a colour remover at this point and what\nremaining colour could be expected, if I use it correctly? So I can anticipate\nwhat to do for the next step. Thank you in advance!\n\n 36. Gaga\n\nFebruary 2, 2021 at 11:00 am\n\nYou should use an appropriate color remover for a semi red and semi browm\ncolor. The remover should be formulated to remove semi-permanent dyes. Your\nhair is probably very porous when it holds the semi-color for so long.\nSometimes it is a challenge even for professional colorists to remove the\nsemi-permanent color from overly porous, bleached hair. Shampooing with a\nclarifying shampoo might help a little. There is no guarantee that color\nremover will remove all the color, but there are chances that you get an\nacceptable base for a new color shade. Consider using a clear protein filler\nprior to the next coloring to even hair porosity and get more consistent\nresults.\n\n 37. Rebekah\n\nFebruary 28, 2021 at 10:16 pm\n\nI don’t understand the part where they say that it won’t damage your hair. It\ndoes. It made mine insanely dry. Thankfully already bought things to deal with\nthis because I knew it would happen. But I don’t understand why this ‘point’\nwould be in the article when it isn’t true.\n\n 38. Lucan\n\nApril 9, 2021 at 3:26 am\n\nA month or so ago I got a keratin straightening (NAK) Will using Color\nremovers, remove the treatment? Thanks for your time!\n\n 39. Gaga\n\nApril 15, 2021 at 10:31 pm\n\nUsing color removers will certainly affect your keratin treatment and shorten\nits longevity.\n\n 40. Cynthia\n\nMay 5, 2021 at 7:29 am\n\nI naturally have light brown hair, dyed it red last year with box dye, then\nlike two weeks ago I decided to go black with box dye, decided I didn’t like\nit and kept it for a few days, used a color remover and I didn’t do it right\nso it didn’t work good, then dyed it red again on top of that, the red turned\nout dark almost black, then used color oops the correct way but I don’t know\nhow long I should wait before dying it red again.. so far I been waiting for a\nweek. My hair is currently like a light ginger color, but when it’s wet it\nlooks dark and idk if that’s normal because my hair hasn’t been this color. Is\nit safe to put red box dye on it after using a color remover after a week of\nwaiting?\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * 8 Tricks to Make Semi-Permanent Dye Last\n * Shampoo Wars: Bar or Bottle?\n * Six Differences between Keratin Treatment and Japanese Hair Straightening\n * How to Care for Your Platinum Hair Between Salon Visits\n * 12 Oils that May Stimulate Hair Growth\n * Silver Hair Upkeep: Washing, Conditioning, Toning, and Reinforcing\n * All About Balayage Hair Straight from a Hairstylist\n\n## Categories\n\n * Aftercare Tips for Chemically Straightened Hair (7)\n * Botox for Hair (5)\n * Frizzy Hair Treatments (14)\n * Hair Care (44)\n * Hair Coloring (44)\n * Hair Extensions and Wigs (11)\n * Hair Growth (1)\n * Hair Oils (6)\n * Hair Straightening Treatments (15)\n * Hair Styling (18)\n * Perms (2)\n * Scalp Care (9)\n * Softer, Silkier Hair (12)\n * Sulfate-Free Hair Shampoos (46)\n\nAmazon Affiliate Disclosure: softerhair.com is a participant in the Amazon\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\nto amazon.com.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210301045312/https://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin","passages":["I color my hair at home, and always end up with dye on my forehead and ears, which can stain your skin. I have tried to put petroleum jelly on my hairline, but it would get in my hair and stop the dye from taking. Anyway, I had the idea of using masking tape (the paper, low stick kind) on the skin around my hair line and it works really well, giving me a much more professional look. I have suggested it to friends and it works well for them too. It is a time and skin saver. It is a bit fiddly to get the hang of, but gives awesome results.","To prevent my ears/neck/hairline from getting covered in tell-tale dye spots when I dye my hair, I smear vaseline on them.","Okay guys, I have been using black dye for 5+ years now and I always get covered in it, but NO MORE! Before applying, clip hairline back, and cover your face and neck entirely in Vaseline. Put on hands and arms before wearing gloves. Even hours after, a warm soapy cloth washed over stained areas, and VOILA! Gone from anywhere that's human skin.","Ask a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to see the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.","I see how to get hair dye off the skin as a question a lot in the feedback. How do you keep it off in the first place so you don't have to work to take it off.","I love colors from purple, to pink, to green, or blue hair. I used to bleach and dye it in high school, but got tired of the constant staining of the back of my neck and ears when I let my hair down after being dry. Any tips from those who regularly do this and don't seem to have that trouble?","When you think you are done rinsing, rinse some more. That's usually the main problem. If that doesn't work, use just a tiny bit of shampoo after you rinse well to do a light shampoo. Then blot your hair as dry as possible.","My hairdresser always puts a layer of Vaseline petroleum jelly around my hairline, ears and back of my neck and I have never had stains on my skin. She just wipes it all off when she shampoos the color out. Hope this helps."]},"parsed_md":"Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin | ThriftyFun\n\nMenu Ask a Question Share a Post Account Search\n\nsocial\n\n# Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin\n\n0\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nFlag\n\nSave\n\nFollow\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n### Tip: Masking Tape For Coloring Hair\n\nBy happy ending [6 Posts, 9 Comments]\n\nNovember 11, 2010\n\nI color my hair at home, and always end up with dye on my forehead and ears,\nwhich can stain your skin. I have tried to put petroleum jelly on my hairline,\nbut it would get in my hair and stop the dye from taking. Anyway, I had the\nidea of using masking tape (the paper, low stick kind) on the skin around my\nhair line and it works really well, giving me a much more professional look. I\nhave suggested it to friends and it works well for them too. It is a time and\nskin saver. It is a bit fiddly to get the hang of, but gives awesome results.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBy happy ending from Geraldton, Western Australia\n\nComment Was this helpful? 11\n\n#### Comments\n\nRead More Comments\n\n## 4 More Solutions\n\nShare on ThriftyFunThis page contains the following solutions. Have something\nto add? Please share your solution!\n\n### Tip: Keeping Hair Dye Off Skin\n\nFebruary 14, 2005\n\nTo prevent my ears/neck/hairline from getting covered in tell-tale dye spots\nwhen I dye my hair, I smear vaseline on them.\n\nComment Was this helpful? Yes\n\nRead More...\n\n### Tip: Vaseline for Preventing Hair Dye Stains\n\nBy jen21again [1 Post, 1 Comment]\n\nOctober 9, 2019\n\nOkay guys, I have been using black dye for 5+ years now and I always get\ncovered in it, but NO MORE! Before applying, clip hairline back, and cover\nyour face and neck entirely in Vaseline. Put on hands and arms before wearing\ngloves. Even hours after, a warm soapy cloth washed over stained areas, and\nVOILA! Gone from anywhere that's human skin.\n\nComment Was this helpful? Yes\n\n## Questions\n\nAsk a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to\nsee the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\n\n### Question: Preventing Hair Dye From Getting On Skin?\n\nBy Susan Sanders-Kinzel [9 Posts, 2,461 Comments]\n\nAugust 19, 2006\n\nI see how to get hair dye off the skin as a question a lot in the feedback.\nHow do you keep it off in the first place so you don't have to work to take it\noff.\n\nSusan from Port Orchard, WA\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Jaelyn (Guest Post)\n\nAugust 19, 20060 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nPut vaseline around the hairline and the dye can't stick. I've tried it and it\nreally works!\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Question: Keeping Temporary Hair Dye from Staining Neck?\n\nBy lolstarbuckslol [2 Posts]\n\nJune 12, 2013\n\nI love colors from purple, to pink, to green, or blue hair. I used to bleach\nand dye it in high school, but got tired of the constant staining of the back\nof my neck and ears when I let my hair down after being dry. Any tips from\nthose who regularly do this and don't seem to have that trouble?\n\nBy VA\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Kat [7 Posts, 238 Comments]\n\nJune 14, 20130 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nWhen you think you are done rinsing, rinse some more. That's usually the main\nproblem. If that doesn't work, use just a tiny bit of shampoo after you rinse\nwell to do a light shampoo. Then blot your hair as dry as possible.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy cettina [78 Posts, 393 Comments]\n\nJune 14, 20130 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nMy hairdresser always puts a layer of Vaseline petroleum jelly around my\nhairline, ears and back of my neck and I have never had stains on my skin. She\njust wipes it all off when she shampoos the color out. Hope this helps.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\nCategories\n\nHealth & Beauty Beauty Skin Care AdviceAugust 8, 2012\n\nPages\n\nRemoving Hair Dye Stains on Nails?\n\nRemedies for Bags Under Your Eyes\n\nGetting Hair Dye Off Skin\n\nRemoving Hair Dye from a Bathroom Sink\n\nGetting Rid of Pimples Quickly\n\nGentle Hair Dye Advice?\n\nMore\n\n🍂\n\nThanksgiving Ideas!\n\n🎄\n\nChristmas Ideas!\n\n😷\n\nCoronavirus Tips\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest\n\nYouTube\n\nInstagram\n\nContests!\n\nNewsletters\n\nAsk a Question\n\nShare a Post\n\nCategories\n\nBetter LivingBudget & FinanceBusiness and LegalComputersConsumer\nAdviceCoronavirusCraftsEducationEntertainmentFood and RecipesHealth &\nBeautyHolidays and PartiesHome and GardenMake Your\nOwnOrganizingParentingPetsPhotosTravel and RecreationWeddings\n\nPublished by ThriftyFun. Desktop Page | View Mobile Disclaimer | Privacy\nPolicy | Contact Us Generated 2020-11-11 09:43:02 in 3 secs. ⛅️️ © 1997-2020\nby Cumuli, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\nhttps://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423142503/https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair","passages":["Blonde hair can be high maintenance and that often comes with a high price tag. Here are some simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair that won’t cost you a lot.","I’ve been colouring my hair for years and going from blonde to red hair I admitted I was obsessed with being a blonde and have recently gone back to blonde with Olaplex.","I recently went from several years of red hair (my hair is naturally black), with a good amount of gray, to blonde. Although, I love the blonde color and get lots of compliments on it, I am, for the first time ever, experiencing extremely dry, frizzy hair. I need HELP. Also, don’t have money to spare. Please tell me what I can do. THANK YOU.","Being blonde does come with a high maintenance price tag but you can simplify your routine. The process of lightening your hair makes the hair shaft thicker and dries out your hair. It’s a side effect of dyed blonde hair which is great if you have oily, fine hair but needs extra care to keep it looking good.","Do a weekly deep conditioning treatment. Your normal conditioner isn’t enough to nourish your hair after all that you put it through to be blonde. Add in a weekly masque to your hair care routine. I love salon treatments but you can find some great cheaper brands such as Schwarzkopf 60 second treatments.","DIY a hair masque. If you want to save money, a great natural treatment is coconut oil. You can do a masque treatment before you wash your hair. Apply coconut oil to the ends of your hair and massage it through your hair. Leave it for 10 minutes, an hour or overnight if you like. (Put a towel on your pillow and clip up your hair for overnight!) Rinse and shampoo the oil out and then condition your hair after as normal.","Take a break from heat styling. If you hair is dry and damaged, put the straighteners down. I would also avoid any heat styling where possible as this will further damage your hair and make it dry. If you must style your hair then please use a heat protectant spray.","Switching the colour of your hair drastically affects more than just your hair so here are 5 tips to cope with a major hair colour change.","Have you got any other hair care tips for dyed blonde hair for Karen? Let me know in the comments. You can also ask any other hair questions too.","I’d highly recommend having a professional treatment whenever you go to the hairdresser for a blow dry. Yes, it’s a bit extra to pay, but it’s so worth it for how beautiful and soft and lush your hair feels afterwards. (PS: I love you as a blonde – totally gorgeous. x)","I used to be blonde before I went red for most of my teens and early 20’s. I used to do weekly treatments, wash and condition my hair with salon recommended products ( which I then found could be bought in bulk at a hair care warehouse store). Having red hair is easy maintenance for me and cost effective. I would love to go back to blonde one day though. X","Great tip Bec, I buy a lot of prods from beauty supply stores too. Red hair is definitely easier maintenance than blonde, I may switch back in the future 🙂","Hi, I'm Christina and welcome to Hair Romance. Here you’ll find tutorials, tips and beauty advice to help you to love your best accessory: your hair. Find out more here...","Learn how to braid your own hair, style your curls and have new hairstyles every day with Hair Romance's ebooks."]},"parsed_md":"Reader Question - Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair - Hair Romance\n\nHair Romance\n\nHair Blog - Hair Tutorials - Curly Hairstyles and more\n\n# Reader Question – Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair\n\nJune 5, 2015 By Hair Romance 4 Comments\n\nBlonde hair can be high maintenance and that often comes with a high price\ntag. Here are some simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair that won’t cost\nyou a lot.\n\nI’ve been colouring my hair for years and going from blonde to red hair I\nadmitted I was obsessed with being a blonde and have recently gone back to\nblonde with Olaplex.\n\nKaren recently wrote to me about her new hair colour:\n\n> I recently went from several years of red hair (my hair is naturally black),\n> with a good amount of gray, to blonde. Although, I love the blonde color and\n> get lots of compliments on it, I am, for the first time ever, experiencing\n> extremely dry, frizzy hair. I need HELP. Also, don’t have money to spare.\n> Please tell me what I can do. THANK YOU.\n\nThat is a big colour change Karen!\n\nBeing blonde does come with a high maintenance price tag but you can simplify\nyour routine. The process of lightening your hair makes the hair shaft thicker\nand dries out your hair. It’s a side effect of dyed blonde hair which is great\nif you have oily, fine hair but needs extra care to keep it looking good.\n\n## Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair\n\n * Do a weekly deep conditioning treatment. Your normal conditioner isn’t enough to nourish your hair after all that you put it through to be blonde. Add in a weekly masque to your hair care routine. I love salon treatments but you can find some great cheaper brands such as Schwarzkopf 60 second treatments.\n * DIY a hair masque. If you want to save money, a great natural treatment is coconut oil. You can do a masque treatment before you wash your hair. Apply coconut oil to the ends of your hair and massage it through your hair. Leave it for 10 minutes, an hour or overnight if you like. (Put a towel on your pillow and clip up your hair for overnight!) Rinse and shampoo the oil out and then condition your hair after as normal.\n * Take a break from heat styling. If you hair is dry and damaged, put the straighteners down. I would also avoid any heat styling where possible as this will further damage your hair and make it dry. If you must style your hair then please use a heat protectant spray.\n\nIf you’re looking for a treatment then check out these cult products that\nsaved my damaged hair.\n\nSwitching the colour of your hair drastically affects more than just your hair\nso here are 5 tips to cope with a major hair colour change.\n\nHave you got any other hair care tips for dyed blonde hair for Karen? Let me\nknow in the comments. You can also ask any other hair questions too.\n\n### You may also like...\n\nNo related posts.\n\nFiled Under: Blondes, Hair Care, Hair Romance, Reader Question\n\n« Reader Question – How to style curly bangs / fringes\n\nWhat happens at a blogging workshop »\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Sonia from Sonia Styling says\n\nJune 5, 2015 at 1:28 pm\n\nI’d highly recommend having a professional treatment whenever you go to the\nhairdresser for a blow dry. Yes, it’s a bit extra to pay, but it’s so worth it\nfor how beautiful and soft and lush your hair feels afterwards. (PS: I love\nyou as a blonde – totally gorgeous. x)\n\nReply\n\n * Hair Romance says\n\nJune 6, 2015 at 10:48 pm\n\nThanks beautiful 🙂 and excellent tip! Salon treatments are amazing x\n\nReply\n\n 2. Bec @ The Plumbette says\n\nJune 7, 2015 at 3:50 pm\n\nI used to be blonde before I went red for most of my teens and early 20’s. I\nused to do weekly treatments, wash and condition my hair with salon\nrecommended products ( which I then found could be bought in bulk at a hair\ncare warehouse store). Having red hair is easy maintenance for me and cost\neffective. I would love to go back to blonde one day though. X\n\nReply\n\n * Hair Romance says\n\nJune 7, 2015 at 5:28 pm\n\nGreat tip Bec, I buy a lot of prods from beauty supply stores too. Red hair is\ndefinitely easier maintenance than blonde, I may switch back in the future 🙂\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### HAIR ROMANCE – LOVE YOUR HAIR\n\nHi, I'm Christina and welcome to Hair Romance. Here you’ll find tutorials,\ntips and beauty advice to help you to love your best accessory: your hair.\nFind out more here...\n\n#### Search Hair Romance\n\n#### SHOP HAIR ROMANCE\n\nLearn how to braid your own hair, style your curls and have new hairstyles\nevery day with Hair Romance's ebooks.\n\n#### ARCHIVES\n\n#### HAIR ROMANCE\n\nAll information copyright Hair RomanceTM 2010-2021. Hair Romance is a\nregistered Trademark.\n\n#### QUICK LINKS\n\nHome About Braid Now course 30 Days of Curly Hairstyles Advertise Contact\nPrivacy\n\n#### CONTACT\n\nEmail: thehair[at]hairromance[dot]com\n\nMail: PO Box 1288, Darlinghurst NSW 1300\n\nTwitter: @hairromance Instagram: @hairromance\n\nCopyright Christina Butcher 2020\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210630180229/https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Remove Color From Hair","passages":["Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.","Hair color experimentation is practically a rite of passage, and especially in the times of COVID-19 and quarantine, going for a bold color was encouraged. In fact, it was practically the norm — just look at all the celebrities who experimented during quarantine.","But whether the experimentation goes awry or you're just sick of the color, there's a pretty good chance you're not going to want the color to last forever. And the good news is, it won't. But for those times when you just can't rid your hair fast enough of the color, there may be a few ways to partially or fully remove the hair color. Read on for expert tips and DIY treatments to remove color once it's lost its shine.","The answer is — and I know this isn't what you wanted to hear — it depends. Professional colorist and Matrix brand ambassador Rachel Bodt says it depends on the type of product used to color your hair. She says that henna and some boxed color stains can be very difficult to lift from the hair because of where they sit on the hair shafts, while temporary colors and glosses are easier to remove. She adds that it also comes down to the type of hair you have.","\"It depends on how porous the hair is and how many coats of color you are trying to remove,\" she tells InStyle. \"I would also suggest staying away from removing color with bleach at home.\"","She also strongly urges not attempting to dull it with a lighter box color. But there are some products you can use that are much safer and more effective. You should also be cognizant of your hair texture before getting aggressive with your treatment. Pick products that are gentle, yet effective, to avoid causing further damage.","Again, it totally depends on the type of product used and hair that you have, but according to Bodt, there are some methods you can try. She suggests using a product that contains vitamin C or sulfate to \"loosen the color.\" Try the Oribe Color Power drops ($58; nordstrom.com) which contain vitamin C, and the Sulfur-8 Deep Cleaning Shampoo ($8; walmart.com).","\"These help open the hair up so the color starts to fade naturally,\" she tells us. If you have textured hair, try a clarifying shampoo, like the Pattern Clarifying Shampoo ($20; ulta.com) for a gentle yet deep clean that will help lift hair.","In a previous interview with InStyle, colorist Kaylee Benetua at David Mallett Salon said that clarifying shampoo \"can strip the hair of unwanted colors depending on the intensity of the color. You can try putting clarifying shampoo all through wet hair and putting a plastic cap on for ten minutes, then rinse.\"","Bodt warns, though, that you will need to follow with some T.L.C. for your hair since these treatments can be extremely harsh. A hair mask is always a great treatment to moisturize your strands and bring them back to life. Try this deeply hydrating Amika Soulfood Nourishing Hair Mask ($28; sephora.com), which is packed with vitamins and nutrients to replenish hair after any kind of damage, or the Pattern Treatment Mask ($25; ulta.com) for soft yet strong curls or coils.","Again, Bodt stresses that you should definitely not further bleach or lighten your hair in any way. If the above steps aren't cutting it, it's probably time to seek out professional help. In fact, the stylist says it's always smart to get an expert's opinion first before acting. But if you're trying to avoid spending money, she says you can receive a free consultation at your salon first before going in blind.","If you're looking to avoid the salon and save money on products, you can purchase vitamin C powder that you can simply mix with your existing shampoo. If you don't have powder, you can even try crushing up tablets.","Mix one part of the vitamin C powder and two parts shampoo and mixed it into a paste. Then wet your hair and lather the paste onto your strands. Once your whole head is lathered and covered, put on a shower cap, drape a towel around your neck (to catch any drippage), and chill for about an hour.","Why does it work? To my understanding, most hair color (or at least the permanent kind) uses oxidative dyeing. The dye penetrates the hair shaft and polymerizes into larger molecular units, wedging itself in between hair cuticles and onto the cortex. This makes the dye chemicals more resistant to removal. You know how ascorbic acid oxidizes quickly? Putting an acid like vitamin C on hair that's been dyed loosens these molecular units, giving dye the chemical heave-ho.","The bottom line is you shouldn't be afraid to experiment — it can be fun to play around or switch things up. But it is always important to keep the health of your hair at the top of mind (pun intended). Use gentle solutions, and when in doubt, seek a professional's opinion. That's what they're there for, and in the end a consultation could save you much time and money than dropping your whole paycheck on products that might remove color.","MeredithInStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"]},"parsed_md":"How to Remove Color From Hair | InStyle\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore InStyle\n\nInStyle InStyle\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n\nMy Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# How to Remove Color From Your Hair\n\nExperts weigh in on safe ways to strip your hair of color.\n\nBy Sable/xoJane.com and Tessa Petak\n\nUpdated Jun 29, 2021 @ 7:15 pm\n\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\ncommission.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print\n\nHow to Remove Color From Hair\n\nCredit: Christian Vierig/Getty Images\n\nHair color experimentation is practically a rite of passage, and especially in\nthe times of COVID-19 and quarantine, going for a bold color was encouraged.\nIn fact, it was practically the norm — just look at all the celebrities who\nexperimented during quarantine.\n\nBut whether the experimentation goes awry or you're just sick of the color,\nthere's a pretty good chance you're not going to want the color to last\nforever. And the good news is, it won't. But for those times when you just\ncan't rid your hair fast enough of the color, there may be a few ways to\npartially or fully remove the hair color. Read on for expert tips and DIY\ntreatments to remove color once it's lost its shine.\n\n## Is It Possible to Remove Hair Color?\n\nThe answer is — and I know this isn't what you wanted to hear — it depends.\nProfessional colorist and Matrix brand ambassador Rachel Bodt says it depends\non the type of product used to color your hair. She says that henna and some\nboxed color stains can be very difficult to lift from the hair because of\nwhere they sit on the hair shafts, while temporary colors and glosses are\neasier to remove. She adds that it also comes down to the type of hair you\nhave.\n\n\"It depends on how porous the hair is and how many coats of color you are\ntrying to remove,\" she tells InStyle. \"I would also suggest staying away from\nremoving color with bleach at home.\"\n\nShe also strongly urges not attempting to dull it with a lighter box color.\nBut there are some products you can use that are much safer and more\neffective. You should also be cognizant of your hair texture before getting\naggressive with your treatment. Pick products that are gentle, yet effective,\nto avoid causing further damage.\n\nVIDEO: Trust Us, We Tried It: Hair Detox\n\n## How Do I Remove Hair Color?\n\nAgain, it totally depends on the type of product used and hair that you have,\nbut according to Bodt, there are some methods you can try. She suggests using\na product that contains vitamin C or sulfate to \"loosen the color.\" Try the\nOribe Color Power drops ($58; nordstrom.com) which contain vitamin C, and the\nSulfur-8 Deep Cleaning Shampoo ($8; walmart.com).\n\n\"These help open the hair up so the color starts to fade naturally,\" she tells\nus. If you have textured hair, try a clarifying shampoo, like the Pattern\nClarifying Shampoo ($20; ulta.com) for a gentle yet deep clean that will help\nlift hair.\n\nIn a previous interview with InStyle, colorist Kaylee Benetua at David Mallett\nSalon said that clarifying shampoo \"can strip the hair of unwanted colors\ndepending on the intensity of the color. You can try putting clarifying\nshampoo all through wet hair and putting a plastic cap on for ten minutes,\nthen rinse.\"\n\nBodt warns, though, that you will need to follow with some T.L.C. for your\nhair since these treatments can be extremely harsh. A hair mask is always a\ngreat treatment to moisturize your strands and bring them back to life. Try\nthis deeply hydrating Amika Soulfood Nourishing Hair Mask ($28; sephora.com),\nwhich is packed with vitamins and nutrients to replenish hair after any kind\nof damage, or the Pattern Treatment Mask ($25; ulta.com) for soft yet strong\ncurls or coils.\n\nAgain, Bodt stresses that you should definitely not further bleach or lighten\nyour hair in any way. If the above steps aren't cutting it, it's probably time\nto seek out professional help. In fact, the stylist says it's always smart to\nget an expert's opinion first before acting. But if you're trying to avoid\nspending money, she says you can receive a free consultation at your salon\nfirst before going in blind.\n\n## What To Know About At-Home Hair Color Removal\n\nIf you're looking to avoid the salon and save money on products, you can\npurchase vitamin C powder that you can simply mix with your existing shampoo.\nIf you don't have powder, you can even try crushing up tablets.\n\nMix one part of the vitamin C powder and two parts shampoo and mixed it into a\npaste. Then wet your hair and lather the paste onto your strands. Once your\nwhole head is lathered and covered, put on a shower cap, drape a towel around\nyour neck (to catch any drippage), and chill for about an hour.\n\nWhy does it work? To my understanding, most hair color (or at least the\npermanent kind) uses oxidative dyeing. The dye penetrates the hair shaft and\npolymerizes into larger molecular units, wedging itself in between hair\ncuticles and onto the cortex. This makes the dye chemicals more resistant to\nremoval. You know how ascorbic acid oxidizes quickly? Putting an acid like\nvitamin C on hair that's been dyed loosens these molecular units, giving dye\nthe chemical heave-ho.\n\nThe bottom line is you shouldn't be afraid to experiment — it can be fun to\nplay around or switch things up. But it is always important to keep the health\nof your hair at the top of mind (pun intended). Use gentle solutions, and when\nin doubt, seek a professional's opinion. That's what they're there for, and in\nthe end a consultation could save you much time and money than dropping your\nwhole paycheck on products that might remove color.\n\n * By Sable/xoJane.com and Tessa Petak\n\n## Share & More\n\nInStyle\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithInStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021\nMeredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation\nfor some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject\nto change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of\nServicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab\nCalifornia Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis\nlink opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.instyle.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow to Remove Color From Your Hair\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170615190628/http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Jennifer Byrne is a freelance writer and editor specializing in topics related to health care, fitness, science and more. She attended Rutgers University. Her writing has been published by KidsHealth.org, DietBlogTalk.com, Primary Care Optometry News, and EyeWorld Magazine. She was awarded the Gold Award from the American Society of Healthcare Publication Editors (ASHPE), 2007, and the Apex Award for Publication Excellence.\",\n \"Making a hair color mistake is almost always unpleasant. If your color mishap is the deepest, darkest shade of black, however, you've made a choice that might seem difficult to reverse. Because not everyone can carry off jet-black hair with style, you may feel that you are stuck wearing a hat for the next few months. In reality, black hair color is easier to \\\"lift\\\" than you may think.\",\n \"Shampoos designed to remove dandruff flakes generally contain an arsenal of strong chemicals, according to MammalHair.com. These chemicals can lighten your dyed black hair. Simply use a dandruff shampoo in place of your normal kind to gradually lift the color. MammalHair.com also notes that you should avoid using any type of \\\"color safe\\\" or \\\"color extend\\\" shampoos or conditioners, as these are meant to extend the life of your hair color, not reverse it.\",\n \"For a more intense approach to lightening the black dye, wash your hair with a common dishwashing liquid, such as Dawn or Joy. The concentrated chemicals contained in these product can lighten your hair color, MammalHair.com reports. You can also mix shampoo with baking soda as a method of removing black hair dye.\",\n \"THee use of hot oil treatments available at your local pharmacy or grocery store can also expedite the fading of your color, according to Real Beauty. An added benefit of a hot oil treatment is that it can restore moisture and health to your hair. To use, heat up the product as directed. Apply it to dry strands and leave it in your hair. Cover your hair with a towel or shower cap for 15 minutes. After you've rinsed out the oil, you should notice that your hair is slightly lighter, Real Beauty reports.\",\n \"Wash your hair with an anti-residue shampoo. Because these products are designed to remove any persistent styling residue from your hair, they can also help wash away dye. You can maximize the effects of using this shampoo by following it with a hot oil treatment, MammalHair.com adds.\",\n \"Copyright © 2017 Leaf Group Ltd. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the LIVESTRONG.COM Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Copyright Policy. The material appearing on LIVESTRONG.COM is for educational use only. It should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. LIVESTRONG is a registered trademark of the LIVESTRONG Foundation. The LIVESTRONG Foundation and LIVESTRONG.COM do not endorse any of the products or services that are advertised on the web site. Moreover, we do not select every advertiser or advertisement that appears on the web site-many of the advertisements are served by third party advertising companies. Ad Choices\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye | LIVESTRONG.COM\\n\\nHello, !\\n\\n * UPGRADE TO GOLD for additional benefits\\n * PROFILE\\n * TRACK\\n * EXERCISE\\n * PROGRESS\\n * COMMUNITY\\n * INBOX\\n * SETTINGS\\n\\nLOG OUT\\n\\nSIGN UP\\n\\nLOG IN\\n\\n0\\n\\n## Notifications\\n\\n * Notifications\\n * User Preferences\\n\\n * You're all caught up!\\n\\n 1. LIVESTRONG.COM\\n 2. Fashion, Style and Personal Care\\n 3. Hair Care\\n 4. Hair Color\\n\\n# Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye\\n\\nby JENNIFER BYRNE Last Updated: Mar 13, 2014\\n\\nJennifer Byrne\\n\\nJennifer Byrne is a freelance writer and editor specializing in topics related\\nto health care, fitness, science and more. She attended Rutgers University.\\nHer writing has been published by KidsHealth.org, DietBlogTalk.com, Primary\\nCare Optometry News, and EyeWorld Magazine. She was awarded the Gold Award\\nfrom the American Society of Healthcare Publication Editors (ASHPE), 2007, and\\nthe Apex Award for Publication Excellence.\\n\\nDyed black hair. Photo Credit Valua Vitaly/iStock/Getty Images\\n\\n## Overview\\n\\nMaking a hair color mistake is almost always unpleasant. If your color mishap\\nis the deepest, darkest shade of black, however, you've made a choice that\\nmight seem difficult to reverse. Because not everyone can carry off jet-black\\nhair with style, you may feel that you are stuck wearing a hat for the next\\nfew months. In reality, black hair color is easier to \\\"lift\\\" than you may\\nthink.\\n\\n## Dandruff Shampoo\\n\\nDandruff shampoo. Photo Credit Karin Lau/iStock/Getty Images\\n\\nShampoos designed to remove dandruff flakes generally contain an arsenal of\\nstrong chemicals, according to MammalHair.com. These chemicals can lighten\\nyour dyed black hair. Simply use a dandruff shampoo in place of your normal\\nkind to gradually lift the color. MammalHair.com also notes that you should\\navoid using any type of \\\"color safe\\\" or \\\"color extend\\\" shampoos or\\nconditioners, as these are meant to extend the life of your hair color, not\\nreverse it.\\n\\n## Dishwashing Liquid or Baking Soda\\n\\nBaking soda. Photo Credit Chorboon Chiranuparp/iStock/Getty Images\\n\\nFor a more intense approach to lightening the black dye, wash your hair with a\\ncommon dishwashing liquid, such as Dawn or Joy. The concentrated chemicals\\ncontained in these product can lighten your hair color, MammalHair.com\\nreports. You can also mix shampoo with baking soda as a method of removing\\nblack hair dye.\\n\\n## Hot Oil Treatments\\n\\nHot oil. Photo Credit akekoksomistock/iStock/Getty Images\\n\\nTHee use of hot oil treatments available at your local pharmacy or grocery\\nstore can also expedite the fading of your color, according to Real Beauty. An\\nadded benefit of a hot oil treatment is that it can restore moisture and\\nhealth to your hair. To use, heat up the product as directed. Apply it to dry\\nstrands and leave it in your hair. Cover your hair with a towel or shower cap\\nfor 15 minutes. After you've rinsed out the oil, you should notice that your\\nhair is slightly lighter, Real Beauty reports.\\n\\n## Anti-Residue Shampoo\\n\\nShampoo bottles. Photo Credit alexandr kornienko/iStock/Getty Images\\n\\nWash your hair with an anti-residue shampoo. Because these products are\\ndesigned to remove any persistent styling residue from your hair, they can\\nalso help wash away dye. You can maximize the effects of using this shampoo by\\nfollowing it with a hot oil treatment, MammalHair.com adds.\\n\\n### Related Searches\\n\\nLose Weight. Feel Great! Change your life with MyPlate by LIVESTRONG.COM\\n\\n### YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE\\n\\nHow to Change Black Hair Color\\n\\nHow to Treat Color-Damaged Black Hair\\n\\nAre Lemon Juice Highlights Good for Dark Brown or Black Hair?\\n\\nDemi-Permanent vs. Semi-Permanent Hair Color\\n\\nWhy Do Moles Grow Black Hair?\\n\\nWhat Color Clothes Makes Brown Eyes Lighter?\\n\\nHow to Make White Hair Less Noticeable\\n\\nAt-Home Remedies for Dry, Colored Hair\\n\\nBlack Walnut Hull Side Effects\\n\\nHousehold Tips to Get Haircolor Off of Skin\\n\\nNatural Gray Hair Treatment\\n\\nPermanent Hair Dye Ingredients\\n\\nHow to Remove Henna From Hair With Mineral Oil\\n\\nSkin Care Tips for Black Men\\n\\nHow to Get Hair Dye Off the Skin\\n\\nCan Green Tea Make Your Feces Green?\\n\\nHow Is Hair Color Determined?\\n\\nHow to Fix Dry Hair Ends\\n\\nFacts About Bleaching Hair\\n\\nDiet to Prevent Gray Hair\\n\\n#### CURRENTLY TRENDING\\n\\nSLIDESHOW\\n\\n## Foods That Fight Gray Hair\\n\\nVIDEO\\n\\n## What Is the Significance of the Color of a Jiu-Jitsu Gi Belt?\\n\\nSLIDESHOW\\n\\n## Find Out Which Haircut Is Best for You\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n### PEOPLE ARE READING\\n\\n * 1\\n\\nHow to Change Black Hair Color\\n\\n * 2\\n\\nHow to Treat Color-Damaged Black Hair\\n\\n * 3\\n\\nAre Lemon Juice Highlights Good for Dark Brown or Black...\\n\\n * 4\\n\\nDemi-Permanent vs. Semi-Permanent Hair Color\\n\\n * 5\\n\\nWhy Do Moles Grow Black Hair?\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n## SIGN UP FOR OUR NEWSLETTER\\n\\nGet the latest tips on diet, exercise and healthy living\\n\\nOFFICIAL PARTNER OF THE LIVESTRONG FOUNDATION\\n\\n * CANCER SUPPORT\\n * SHOP\\n * TEAM LIVESTRONG\\n * DONATE\\n\\nCopyright © 2017 Leaf Group Ltd. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance\\nof the LIVESTRONG.COM Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Copyright Policy. The\\nmaterial appearing on LIVESTRONG.COM is for educational use only. It should\\nnot be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or\\ntreatment. LIVESTRONG is a registered trademark of the LIVESTRONG Foundation.\\nThe LIVESTRONG Foundation and LIVESTRONG.COM do not endorse any of the\\nproducts or services that are advertised on the web site. Moreover, we do not\\nselect every advertiser or advertisement that appears on the web site-many of\\nthe advertisements are served by third party advertising companies. Ad Choices\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103302/https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"TOP PRODUCTS Guides and resources for easy product selection INGREDIENTS Learn how to read your hair product labels DIY PRODUCTS Easy-to-make recipes for all your haircare needs BEST OF THE BEST Community member favorites make up this coveted list GIVEAWAYS Enter to win products we all love\",\n \"STYLENOOK Share your style and browse the style of others CURLTALK Chat with curl friends about your favorite curly topics TRENDSETTER Participate in product testing surveys discussions etc.\",\n \"Figuring out how to strip your hair color without further damaging your hair can be overwhelming, especially with the limited amount of options that we currently have. Fortunately for you, I've been through it all and evaluated each method. My hair suffered so yours doesn't have to. Here are some common methods you might hear about, as well as some that have worked really well for me.\",\n \"Dish soap is made to break up oil on dishes, which it will also do to your hair, so beware of desert-dry tresses if you try this method. Fortunately, if you go through the effort of using this drying soap on your dyed hair, it can actually help remove unwanted color. You'll need to do many, many washes to fade it out, but it is definitely a step in the right direction if you really want to remove a color. Some people throw some baking soda into their dish soap for an extra boost. I haven't had great success with this personally, but who knows what might work for your hair!\",\n \"This is one that I tend to gravitate towards because when mixed with the ingredients below, it works magic and is the least damaging of the effective treatments. My favorite anti-dandruff shampoo for fading hair dye is the Head & Shoulders Dandruff Shampoo, Green Apple. It is essential that you use the green apple version because it smells amazing.\",\n \"Unfortunately, this method is also drying on the hair, so deep conditioning your hair after washing with this is important if you want to properly restore your hair back to health. I recommend using your deepest deep conditioner and leaving it in for a few hours between treatments with the anti-dandruff shampoo. On its own, it will also take multiple rounds that will gradually fade your hair bit by bit. To speed up this process, use the Vitamin C Method.\",\n \"Lemon juice is one of those methods that you hear around the internet that will help you lighten your hair, strip your hair color, whiten your teeth, etc. In my experience, lemon juice is not quite the miracle you are looking for. If you try to lighten your hair with it, the most you will get is your best friend squinting at your head in bright lighting asking you if you did something new to your hair, but not being able to identify what it was. In my opinion, it's not worth the time.\",\n \"Baking soda is in the same category as lemon juice, and oddly enough it's also used for whitening teeth, which is an interesting coincidence. I've tried mixing baking soda into different concoctions to strip my hair dye, and it hasn't been all that helpful.\",\n \"Vitamin C is a gift from God. It's able to strip out semi-permanent and demi- permanent hair dye like magic. If you have any vitamin C powder vitamins, then you're in luck! If not, look for the vitamins that are made of compressed powder - not gummies or chewable ones - and crush them up into a powder. I usually put about 12 large pills in a plastic bag and smash them with a hammer. You can be as civilized with the process as you want, but that's the fun way.\",\n \"This will get the color to start seeping out, and won't be permanently damaging like other chemical methods. Check out the video below showing how I did this.\",\n \"Hair dye strippers exist for permanent hair colors. I've used the One N Only Colorfix before. You can use them on semi-permanent or demi-permanent hair dyes, but they are chemical processes that will be damaging to your hair. They also never fail to smell like rotten eggs on a hot day in a boiler room, but if you are desperate or need your color gone ASAP, one to maybe two rounds of this will have your hair looking like it's just been bleached... and smelling like eggs.\",\n \"Bleach baths are a last resort for hair dye removal. If you have a dye that is just absolutely way too stubborn for any other method, then you can use this method at the risk of damaging your hair further while resolving your color issue. Just mix bleach powder in with some shampoo (some people use bleach powder with the developer and then shampoo, but it's up to you) and wash your hair with the mix. Leave it on for a few minutes and the color will disappear like Houdini.\",\n \"Everyone's hair is different, and these are tips based on my own personal experiences, but I encourage you to try each method out for yourself and see how it reacts with your own hair. Happy color stripping!\",\n \"Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker on our website.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works |\\nNaturallyCurly.com\\n\\n * TEXTURE\\n\\nWAVY (2a-2c) Forms a loose “S” very easily straightened\\n\\n2a\\n\\n2b\\n\\n2c\\n\\nCURLY (3a-3c) Forms a definite “S” shaped like a corkscrew\\n\\n3a\\n\\n3b\\n\\n3c\\n\\nCOILY (4a-4c) Very tight curl when stretched creates an “S”\\n\\n4a\\n\\n4b\\n\\n4c\\n\\nLOCS Hair intentionally matted to form \\\"ropes\\\"\\n\\nQUIZ Take our quiz to learn your curl pattern\\n\\n * TOPICS\\n\\nCONCERNS\\n\\n * Dryness\\n * Frizz\\n * Curl Definition\\n * Detangling\\n * Hair Growth\\n * Hair Breakage\\n * Shrinkage\\n * Hair Loss\\n * Scalp Care\\n * Heat Damage\\n * Graying\\n * Volume\\n\\nCURL CARE\\n\\n * Hair Color\\n * Haircuts\\n * Hairstyles\\n * Transitioning\\n * Straightening\\n * Retexturizing\\n * Curly Girl Method\\n * LOC Method\\n * 2nd Day Hair\\n * Cleansing\\n * Conditioning\\n * Kids\\n * Men\\n * Salon Finder\\n\\nLIFESTYLE\\n\\n * Celebrities\\n * Beauty\\n * Self-Care\\n * Culture\\n * Business\\n\\n * VIDEOS\\n * PRODUCTS\\n\\nTOP PRODUCTS Guides and resources for easy product selection INGREDIENTS Learn\\nhow to read your hair product labels DIY PRODUCTS Easy-to-make recipes for all\\nyour haircare needs BEST OF THE BEST Community member favorites make up this\\ncoveted list GIVEAWAYS Enter to win products we all love\\n\\n * COMMUNITY\\n\\nSTYLENOOK Share your style and browse the style of others CURLTALK Chat with\\ncurl friends about your favorite curly topics TRENDSETTER Participate in\\nproduct testing surveys discussions etc.\\n\\n * SHOP\\n * GET INVOLVED\\n\\n * ESSENCE.COM\\n\\n * My Cart\\n\\n * SUBSCRIBE\\n\\n * features:\\n\\n * TEXTURE TALES\\n * LEADERS IN CURL\\n * Best of the Best\\n * ASK A CURL EXPERT\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nLog in\\n\\nWelcome to NaturallyCurly! Log in to confirm your registration.\\n\\nNew here? Sign up for an account.\\n\\nSign up for our newsletter to get more tips and tricks\\n\\n 1. Home\\n\\n 2. Curl Reading\\n\\n 3. Hair_color\\n\\n 4. I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\\n\\n 1. Home\\n\\n 2. Curl Reading\\n\\n 3. Hair_color\\n\\n 4. I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\\n\\n# I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\\n\\nBY Camille Johnson\\n\\n5.5.20\\n\\nPicture courtesy of @offbeatlook\\n\\nFiguring out how to strip your hair color without further damaging your hair\\ncan be overwhelming, especially with the limited amount of options that we\\ncurrently have. Fortunately for you, I've been through it all and evaluated\\neach method. My hair suffered so yours doesn't have to. Here are some common\\nmethods you might hear about, as well as some that have worked really well for\\nme.\\n\\n### Dish Soap\\n\\nDish soap is made to break up oil on dishes, which it will also do to your\\nhair, so beware of desert-dry tresses if you try this method. Fortunately, if\\nyou go through the effort of using this drying soap on your dyed hair, it can\\nactually help remove unwanted color. You'll need to do many, many washes to\\nfade it out, but it is definitely a step in the right direction if you really\\nwant to remove a color. Some people throw some baking soda into their dish\\nsoap for an extra boost. I haven't had great success with this personally, but\\nwho knows what might work for your hair!\\n\\n### Anti-Dandruff Shampoo\\n\\nThis is one that I tend to gravitate towards because when mixed with the\\ningredients below, it works magic and is the least damaging of the effective\\ntreatments. My favorite anti-dandruff shampoo for fading hair dye is the Head\\n& Shoulders Dandruff Shampoo, Green Apple. It is essential that you use the\\ngreen apple version because it smells amazing.\\n\\nUnfortunately, this method is also drying on the hair, so deep conditioning\\nyour hair after washing with this is important if you want to properly restore\\nyour hair back to health. I recommend using your deepest deep conditioner and\\nleaving it in for a few hours between treatments with the anti-dandruff\\nshampoo. On its own, it will also take multiple rounds that will gradually\\nfade your hair bit by bit. To speed up this process, use the Vitamin C Method.\\n\\nPicture courtesy of @offbeatlook\\n\\n### Lemon Juice\\n\\nLemon juice is one of those methods that you hear around the internet that\\nwill help you lighten your hair, strip your hair color, whiten your teeth,\\netc. In my experience, lemon juice is not quite the miracle you are looking\\nfor. If you try to lighten your hair with it, the most you will get is your\\nbest friend squinting at your head in bright lighting asking you if you did\\nsomething new to your hair, but not being able to identify what it was. In my\\nopinion, it's not worth the time.\\n\\n### Baking Soda\\n\\nBaking soda is in the same category as lemon juice, and oddly enough it's also\\nused for whitening teeth, which is an interesting coincidence. I've tried\\nmixing baking soda into different concoctions to strip my hair dye, and it\\nhasn't been all that helpful.\\n\\n### Vitamin C Method\\n\\nVitamin C is a gift from God. It's able to strip out semi-permanent and demi-\\npermanent hair dye like magic. If you have any vitamin C powder vitamins, then\\nyou're in luck! If not, look for the vitamins that are made of compressed\\npowder - not gummies or chewable ones - and crush them up into a powder. I\\nusually put about 12 large pills in a plastic bag and smash them with a\\nhammer. You can be as civilized with the process as you want, but that's the\\nfun way.\\n\\nAfter you've gotten them nicely ground up:\\n\\n 1. mix the vitamin powder with your anti-dandruff shampoo\\n 2. use the mixture to shampoo your hair, rubbing the strands between your fingers\\n 3. cover your hair and leave it for half an hour\\n\\nThis will get the color to start seeping out, and won't be permanently\\ndamaging like other chemical methods. Check out the video below showing how I\\ndid this.\\n\\n### Color Strippers\\n\\nHair dye strippers exist for permanent hair colors. I've used the One N Only\\nColorfix before. You can use them on semi-permanent or demi-permanent hair\\ndyes, but they are chemical processes that will be damaging to your hair. They\\nalso never fail to smell like rotten eggs on a hot day in a boiler room, but\\nif you are desperate or need your color gone ASAP, one to maybe two rounds of\\nthis will have your hair looking like it's just been bleached... and smelling\\nlike eggs.\\n\\n### Bleach Baths\\n\\nBleach baths are a last resort for hair dye removal. If you have a dye that is\\njust absolutely way too stubborn for any other method, then you can use this\\nmethod at the risk of damaging your hair further while resolving your color\\nissue. Just mix bleach powder in with some shampoo (some people use bleach\\npowder with the developer and then shampoo, but it's up to you) and wash your\\nhair with the mix. Leave it on for a few minutes and the color will disappear\\nlike Houdini.\\n\\nEveryone's hair is different, and these are tips based on my own personal\\nexperiences, but I encourage you to try each method out for yourself and see\\nhow it reacts with your own hair. Happy color stripping!\\n\\nWhat methods have you tried to strip your hair color? Let me know in the\\ncomments below.\\n\\nSign up for our newsletter to get more tips and tricks\\n\\n##### team message\\n\\nOur website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our\\nvisitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker on our\\nwebsite.\\n\\nThank you! :)\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103415/https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"An artificial hair color extractor, also called hair dye remover or hair color stripper, is highly effective and one of the least harmful ways to remove artificial color pigments from your hair. If your desire to look like Gwen Stefani’s platinum pixie transformed into a “Yellow Submarine,” then read on!\",\n \"Stealth Haircare Health: A color stripper is specially designed to remove oxidative (permanent) dye from the hair. Color removing products generally don’t contain ammonia or bleaching agents. If you select the right brand and only use the product occasionally, it won’t cause significant damage to your hair.\",\n \"Common Sense about the Scents: Color removers are suitable for use at home, but ensure that you carefully follow the directions and apply the product properly. The strong sulfur smell might be difficult for some people to tolerate, so washing your hair multiple times during the rinsing stage is advised to reduce most of the smell. Have common sense about the scents!\",\n \"1. Color Chaos To Get Rid of Unwanted Color: If you tried a different brand of your desired shade and it came out darker than you wanted, a color stripper is your new BFF!. Or, if you dyed your natural blonde hair a darker color, but don’t like the results, consider a color stripper as your rescue ranger! In either case, a hair dye remover is the most effective way to reverse an undesirable color application and achieve a good base for a new color.\",\n \"2. Pre-treating color remover: This product can be used to remove the build- up of previous color applications, making your hair ready for re-coloring and achieving the shade of your choice.\",\n \"Brands: Color Oops Hair Color Remover, VANISH Color Corrector, PRAVANA Artificial Hair Color Extractor, and Salerm Color Reverse. These products don’t contain bleach, so they are milder on your hair than peroxide-containing formulas.\",\n \"Schwarzkopf Professional Bond Enforcing Color Remover can lift artificial pigments up to 3 levels. It comes with a developer and Schwarzkopf Professional Bond Sealer.\",\n \"The mixture of color remover and the developer is supposed to stay in the hair for 20 minutes. After rinsing the color remover, you need to apply the Bond Sealer and leave it in the hair for up to 10 minutes. After rinsing the Bond Sealer, your hair is ready for a new color application.\",\n \"During the processing time, the color remover works by 1. Entering the hair shaft 2. Then breaking down the large color molecules that are deposited in the hair by oxidative hair dyes. The particles of color molecules become small enough to be washed out from the hair. This product will not only remove the synthetic pigments from the last color you applied but also from all the previous dyes, too.\",\n \"Bleaching Briefs: Dye remover won’t lighten your natural hair color because it doesn’t contain bleach (there are some exceptions). This product is designed to only remove previously applied permanent hair dye pigments, without bleaching.\",\n \"Here’s a bleaching brief: This product won’t work if you’re trying to restore your original natural color and you’ve used bleach in the past. Color remover won’t restore your hair to its pre-bleached color because the natural pigment within your underlying virgin hair has been lightened and altered. Dye remover will remove all the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the underlying lightened base.\",\n \"Don’t expect a beautiful color after the color removal process is completed. However, you can attain the perfect base to dye your hair again to achieve your desired color. That is what this product is designed for.\",\n \"Color Chameleons: Those who want to return to their natural color may be disappointed by the results. Many people blame their color remover for leaving warm undertones (This is why you hardly ever see a highly rated color remover). However, these undertones may be the result of the previous dying processes. Past underlying permanent dyes may have lifted some of the natural pigments present in your hair and the color extractor just revealed this unsightly hair.\",\n \"This unique product doesn’t work on intense colors such as blues, bright reds, pinks, purples, or greens. Sorry, rainbow guys and gals! It only works on dyes that use peroxide developers, so it’s ineffective at removing direct dyes like henna and other plant-based colors, as well as semi-permanent or temporary colors.\",\n \"True Colors: You may have read some reports about the successful removal of semi-permanent fashion colors using artificial hair color extractors; however, they aren’t designed for that use. A possible explanation is that significant fading of vivid colors may be caused by shampooing multiple times with a clarifying shampoo and rinsing the hair with very warm water, more than solely by the action of the color remover.\",\n \"Update: Direct dye removers have been developed to help get rid of semi- permanent colors and allow for more experimenting with fashion colors.\",\n \"c. If you have been dying your naturally golden blonde hair a dark brown, you probably will end up with a slightly reddish blonde.\",\n \"d. If you have been dying your naturally dark hair a lighter shade, a color remover likely will alleviate the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the lightened base.\",\n \"e. If your hair was partially gray before permanent dying in a darker shade, your white hair will possibly turn orange. You may need help from your colorist to recolor or make the transition to your naturally gray hair.\",\n \"For the down low on damage control, keep in mind that color strippers remove only the artificial dyes without altering the structure of your hair. Using them is less damaging to your hair than applying bleach or ammonia-based products. However, subjecting the hair to shampooing multiple times and a lot of warm water rinsing can often deplete your hair of natural oils, leaving your strand feeling dry. Using a conditioner afterward is a must! A deep conditioning treatment should be done to help restore moisture and softness. Do damage control to keep your hair on a hot roll!\",\n \"If you only use a hair color extractor occasionally, you won’t experience any serious damage to your hair. Overusing color stripping products can leave your hair dry, porous, and prone to breakage. Since hair color extractors leave a raised cuticle layer, you may experience faster color fading after stripping your hair.\",\n \"To preserve the integrity of your hair, use hair color removers in moderation and select a brand that doesn’t contain bleach in the formula.\",\n \"Be aware that a cold and drafty room is not an appropriate environment for using a day remover. Also, make sure to protect your clothing and nearby surfaces as the product could stain them. Always wear gloves and ensure all items used are made of plastic or glass.\",\n \"Step 1– Shampoo your hair twice with a clarifying shampoo. Rinse and towel dry your hair as it should be clean and damp prior to application. Some products (such as the JoBaz Hair Color Remover) should be applied to dry hair per instruction. Your hair must be perfectly clean in both cases.\",\n \"Step 2– Dye remover kits come in two separate bottles containing an acid solution and a sulfur-reducing agent. You need to follow directions and mix them together to cause a chemical reaction.\",\n \"Step 3– In the application stage, you need to work fast because once the solutions are mixed together the product starts losing its effectiveness. Using a tint brush immediately apply the mixture to the hair. If you have long hair, you may find it easier to pour the product into your gloved hand and apply it with your fingertips. Use a wide-toothed plastic comb to ensure even distribution.\",\n \"Step 4– Once the hair is well saturated with the mixture, put a processing cap over your hair, and apply medium heat for 20 minutes. You can use a blow dryer to keep your hair warm. Applying heat helps open the cuticle and accelerate color removal. If you don’t use the blow dryer, wrap the plastic cap with a towel to keep your hair warm.\",\n \"Step 5– The rinsing stage is the most important part of the process and must be done properly. During this step, you wash out the color particles from the hair. Shampoo and thoroughly rinse by directing the water into the hair multiple times. Each shampoo should be followed by a long warm rinse to keep the cuticles open. If you use cold water, the product won’t work. If you don’t rinse your hair well enough, the color particles that remain in your hair will oxidize in the air and expand again. When you do not completely flush color particles out, you may experience unwanted re-darkening and return to the unwanted color within 24-48 hours after use. The extra rinsing also helps with washing away the strong, unpleasant smell of the product.\",\n \"Your hair will be a bit dry after multiple shampooing, so apply a good amount of conditioner and leave it for several minutes to combat the dryness. A neutral protein filler should be applied to seal the cuticles back.\",\n \"Although the directions on the box say that you can dye your hair the same day, I would recommend letting your hair rest for several days before dying it. If your previous color applications left your hair dry and overly porous, this condition will become even more obvious after using a color remover. If you choose to apply permanent hair dye immediately following the color removal process, you need to select a color that is at least 2 levels lighter than you want, because the coloring of extremely porous hair will produce darker and more intense results than intended.\",\n \"If you wish to re-color your striped hair the same day, it is advisable to apply a temporary or semi-permanent hair color closest to your natural shade and tone and wait at least a week before applying a permanent dye. This will allow the porosity of your hair to decrease a bit.\",\n \"If you decide just to wait for the roots to grow out, using a “purple” shampoo will help keep the brassiness away.\",\n \"I’ve only dyed my hair once. I’m naturally a medium brown color, and I died my hair black about 3 months ago. I used permanent dye, but I haven’t retouched it yet (I only dyed it the original time). I’m sick of the color, and I’m really hoping I can get close to my natural hair color because I’ve only dyed it once. Any suggestions? (I’m also trying to avoid a red tint)\",\n \"A color remover wouldn’t resolve the problem except you plan to dye your hair again. Consider consulting an experienced colorist.\",\n \"Yes, you can remove it my hair is naturally medium brown color I dyed it burgundy to black I used color oops the first time it took all the black out and my hair was burgundy since I had dyed it that color before the black I used color Oops Hair again and it came back to my natural hair color with no red tints but just make sure you rinse your hair completely to remove all the color. Since you’ve only dyed it once it’s less color to remove and not layers on top of layers.\",\n \"My hair is naturally medium to dark blonde. A couple of weeks ago I tried box dying it lighter blonde because in the winter my natural lighter highlights fade and it looked more brown than blonde. Anyways this golden blonde L’Oreal box dye turned my lighter blonde hair orange and my darker blonde hair red. I went to an Aveda salon and asked for them to fix the red/orange and I wanted a natural blonde look with highlights and lowlights. They told me they couldn’t fix the orange/red immediately, and they did this: -they highlighted my hair (to break up the red) -and then toned/added a gloss for about 8 minutes to counteract the red\",\n \"One thing I noticed was the stylists said my hair “took” really well to the highlight and it brought some neutral blonde tones, which I like. However, other than that, my hair is still orange/red.\",\n \"What I would like to know is: 1. Did the salon do the best they could to remove the red/orange, or were they being too conservative with my hair? If so, what should I ask to be done at another salon to achieve the best and quickest results possible? 2. I tried buying purple shampoos and toners and nothing seems to be working on my hair! Should I try using a color stripping treatment like Pravana? Given my situation, would that only make my hair more orange/red, or would it help to remove that artificial color to my natural dark blonde?\",\n \"No; I haven’t asked her yet to remove the color. Also, on the downside, she just started being a hairdresser.\",\n \"I use a color remover to get the ginger color out of my dark blonde hair. It worked pretty well but is still a little red/gold. I’m going to dye over it, but I’m not sure what developer to use. 10 or 20? Any suggestions?\",\n \"Hello everyone, my Asian hair was bleached back in 2014. then used medium brown to cover my white hair. If I use color remover, is it correct that my hair will go back to the color when I bleached it (which is orangey goldy- ish)? If yes, I am also looking at using toner instead, because I want to go blonde and then silver-white then transition to gray-white. I want to stop using hair dye after I have achieved the silver or white color on my hair. Any thoughts? I learned a lot from this forum. Super thanks for sharing!\",\n \"hello! I am naturally brunette, I bleached my hair around 6 months ago, by professionals. yesterday, I decided to box dye my hair brown again. I fully regret it, so I was thinking of using a hair color remover. I’m not sure how it will turn up, and I want to go back blonde too if possible. any suggestions would be good. thanks!\",\n \"Hi~ I’m trying not to damage my hair too much so I waited for like one more for the second bleach. and another month for color application. however, the color wasn’t up to expectations. my normal hair color is black. after first bleach it became brown. after the second bleach, it became light brown. after applying a light pink dye, it became dark rose gold. if I use bleach on this color, will it go back to light brown? or will it be even lighter?\",\n \"I suggest consulting an experienced colorist in your area to ensure you are using the best lightening solutions and determine what is the right base for your desired color. You can strip golden rose color using hair color remover and then continue with lightening sessions until you reach the right base for the color you want. If you are not sure that you have made the right choice of color, use semi-permanent color until you are ready for permanent coloring. If you’re getting your hair colored at the salon, choose a salon that uses a bond-building product like Olaplex to reduce the damaging effect of bleaching and coloring.\",\n \"have naturally black hair that I had gotten it done by someone who I don’t think used bleach. She had dyed streaks of red and brown to my hair and I realized that I don’t like it and I want my natural color back without waiting long for it to regrow. I searched for many remedies to remove artificial hair color but always was scared that I would lose all my hair. I found color oops and read many reviews, some said it was great, some hated it and I am scared if I buy it and then it breaks off all my hair. I have straight to wavy hair and it is long. I don’t know if I should try it but at the same time, I don’t want to re-dye it. Is it safe? Will it remove all the artificial so I am back with my natural black hair? Since I didn’t use bleach, will it go back to its original color?\",\n \"If you follow instructions and Color Oops will not damage your hair. Color Oops takes out the last color and makes your hair absorbent to another color. The product will remove hair dye but not your natural color. You will get a base to re-color and you can choose a shade closest to your natural color. Consult ann experienced colorist in your area. Since your hair is black and you don’t want to go lighter you might don’t have to use color remover at all.\",\n \"I’ve been getting highlights for many years to my thin mousey brown shoulder- length hair. My hair can be broken in some areas but not too bad. Sometimes they would give me brown lowlights, or brown roots. In between highlights. Then I had the salon dye my brown. The dark brown dye she used was a demi. But it looks black and washes out my face. It’s been around 2 1/2 weeks and I hate it. In my situation what would the nonbleach color remover do to my hair? The colorist suggested using it. But colorist has ruined my hair in the past. I need to get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights.\",\n \"You can use a color remover to remove artificial pigment. You will get a good base for applying a new shade. To get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights you need to re-color. You might want to find a hair professional that you will trust.\",\n \"Would a direct dye lifter such as Malibu C DDL and 20 developer work on removing temporary colors? I have gray hair and I want to fast track my transition by using Malibu C DDL. I realize I may need a toner afterward, but I wanted your thoughts. Also, would adding Olaplex No. 1 to the mixture help protect my hair in the stripping process?\",\n \"Here is a post about direct dye removers:https://softerhair.com/direct-hair- dye-removers/ Malibu C DDL will remove temporary colors and it can be activated either by mixing it with a developer or water. This product is recommended for professional use. You might want to learn more by watching a video tutorial.\",\n \"I did use a color remover on my hair which was a dark brown color which I didn’t like think it provoked color remover and the underlying color was kind of a mousey blonde my hair felt softer too saves dying my hair again\",\n \"My natural color is a medium brown, and I was dying My hair red for a while. I used a color strip , and it turned my hair to a yellow and orange color. I put a soft lavender brown color on my hair.Im very pleased with the out come..The purple reacted and got rid off all the brassy.My hair is a ash blonde now..I will add that I washed the lavender out and conditioned it heavily to wash it out..In other words I didn’t let it set.\",\n \"I am a redhead in my fifties, and have been covering white for several years with a copper blond color, and more recently with rose gold which is lighter. My roots now are almost pure white, so I am thinking of “going natural”, since white hair is popular. I tried Color Oops and it did pull out a lot of the color, but not all. My hair now is a yellowish blond, not bad, but not the white that I have in my new growth. I used purple shampoo to calm that a bit, but I don’t honestly know if all of my hair is white like the top, or if some of it still retains color. Would trying Color Oops again remove the remaining color and actually let my base white color show?\",\n \"no this isn’t true!!! it does remove the pigment from your normal hair !!! I use color remover to lighten my hair because it damages wayyyyyy less than bleach and my hair is like dark brown and curly .\",\n \"LOL sorry i take that back idk how to delete it . i used a different one from the ones you listed my bad . but! it doesn’t damage my hair nearly as much as when i’ve bleached it and it feels really good :))\",\n \"Hi, my natural hair colour is mousy blonde and the past 3.5 years I have been colouring my hair black but now I want to go back to my natural colour or to dye it back to blonde, what is the best colour remover can I use to get rid of the black please, oh at the beginning it was bleached black but after few months I have been using Garnier Belle color permanent black, help needed thanks\",\n \"my hair has been dyed alot. the last one is black with blue undertones. i hate it. my roots are a bit lighter blue. all salons are closed right now. i just bought 2 bottles of loreal paris colourist secrets hair colour remover. will this work on it. i want to eventually go to ash blonde or ash to start for summer\",\n \"You need to color asap after using color remover and the one you mentioned is not gentle. Why not try some temporary solution until you will be able to visit the salon? There is a range of temporary root concealers to fix your roots if the roots are a concern. Also, color styling mouses can even your color and add texture and shine. They are just a temporary solution but are convenient to use and wash out with shampooing. They also provide conditioning benefits to colored hair, like yours. My latest post was about color styling mouses. I hope this will help.\",\n \"I have been coloring my hair with Wella 12N (giving me a brassy golden blonde) and every other color use a toner as well. My hair is very dark brown at root. I want to go back to natural color, will the stripper help?\",\n \"Yes and no. You will not get back to your natural color just by using a color stripper. But you can get a good base to apply a shade that is close to your natural color to make the transition easier. Your colorist will help you choose the right shade.\",\n \"Hi, I have been coloring my silver gray roots for years with a medium dark brown box color. I was wondering if using a color remover to start the transition to gray would be an option. I have very long think hair. I’m looking for a gentle transition. So would a color remover and then use of a to ing shampoo be an option? I really don’t want want to cut all of my hair off.\",\n \"No, a color remover will not be a solution if you are not planning to apply the color again. A lot of unwanted undertones will show up. I suggest a consultation with a skilled hair colorist to start the transition. You want to know you are in good hands before starting.\",\n \"I find so many of the bad reviews are because we’re all conditioned to the important part of the process being when it’s sitting in your hair. Unlike dye, all the magic in color strippers, just as you said, is in the tedious rinsing/washing stage. You can always tell the people who are impatient & don’t read or follow directions thoroughly, but it’s the product’s fault, of course!\",\n \"What I’m wondering, is how long of a window do you have from when you begin rinsing to the dye oxidizing again if you don’t get it all rinsed out? Obviously the 30 minutes, but does it stop once the hair is out of warm water or once the product is washed off & you’re done rinsing? I’ve seen people advise to keep washing over the next several days, but why bother if the only thing it’s accomplishing is drying your hair out?\",\n \"I can not find the info I need anywhere on the internet and can not go to a salon. I hope you can help! My hair was bleached 2 years ago to almost platinum, to accommodate pastels. 6 months ago I used a semi red for base (like a manic panic) and then a semi brown. Which turned very dark. And has never washed/faded out. Can I use a colour remover at this point and what remaining colour could be expected, if I use it correctly? So I can anticipate what to do for the next step. Thank you in advance!\",\n \"You should use an appropriate color remover for a semi red and semi browm color. The remover should be formulated to remove semi-permanent dyes. Your hair is probably very porous when it holds the semi-color for so long. Sometimes it is a challenge even for professional colorists to remove the semi-permanent color from overly porous, bleached hair. Shampooing with a clarifying shampoo might help a little. There is no guarantee that color remover will remove all the color, but there are chances that you get an acceptable base for a new color shade. Consider using a clear protein filler prior to the next coloring to even hair porosity and get more consistent results.\",\n \"I don’t understand the part where they say that it won’t damage your hair. It does. It made mine insanely dry. Thankfully already bought things to deal with this because I knew it would happen. But I don’t understand why this ‘point’ would be in the article when it isn’t true.\",\n \"A month or so ago I got a keratin straightening (NAK) Will using Color removers, remove the treatment? Thanks for your time!\",\n \"I naturally have light brown hair, dyed it red last year with box dye, then like two weeks ago I decided to go black with box dye, decided I didn’t like it and kept it for a few days, used a color remover and I didn’t do it right so it didn’t work good, then dyed it red again on top of that, the red turned out dark almost black, then used color oops the correct way but I don’t know how long I should wait before dying it red again.. so far I been waiting for a week. My hair is currently like a light ginger color, but when it’s wet it looks dark and idk if that’s normal because my hair hasn’t been this color. Is it safe to put red box dye on it after using a color remover after a week of waiting?\",\n \"Amazon Affiliate Disclosure: softerhair.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations | Softer Hair\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\nSofter Hair\\n\\n# Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations\\n\\n### What’s Hair Color Remover?\\n\\nAn artificial hair color extractor, also called hair dye remover or hair color\\nstripper, is highly effective and one of the least harmful ways to remove\\nartificial color pigments from your hair. If your desire to look like Gwen\\nStefani’s platinum pixie transformed into a “Yellow Submarine,” then read on!\\n\\nStealth Haircare Health: A color stripper is specially designed to remove\\noxidative (permanent) dye from the hair. Color removing products generally\\ndon’t contain ammonia or bleaching agents. If you select the right brand and\\nonly use the product occasionally, it won’t cause significant damage to your\\nhair.\\n\\nCommon Sense about the Scents: Color removers are suitable for use at home,\\nbut ensure that you carefully follow the directions and apply the product\\nproperly. The strong sulfur smell might be difficult for some people to\\ntolerate, so washing your hair multiple times during the rinsing stage is\\nadvised to reduce most of the smell. Have common sense about the scents!\\n\\n### When you Need to Use a Color Stripper?\\n\\n1\\\\. Color Chaos To Get Rid of Unwanted Color: If you tried a different brand\\nof your desired shade and it came out darker than you wanted, a color stripper\\nis your new BFF!. Or, if you dyed your natural blonde hair a darker color, but\\ndon’t like the results, consider a color stripper as your rescue ranger! In\\neither case, a hair dye remover is the most effective way to reverse an\\nundesirable color application and achieve a good base for a new color.\\n\\n2\\\\. Pre-treating color remover: This product can be used to remove the build-\\nup of previous color applications, making your hair ready for re-coloring and\\nachieving the shade of your choice.\\n\\nBrands: Color Oops Hair Color Remover, VANISH Color Corrector, PRAVANA\\nArtificial Hair Color Extractor, and Salerm Color Reverse. These products\\ndon’t contain bleach, so they are milder on your hair than peroxide-containing\\nformulas.\\n\\nBrands that contain bleach: Some brands like the L’OREAL Effasol Color\\nRemover, Colorist Secrets Haircolor Remover, Redbook Color Changer, and Wella\\nColor Charm Color Remover contain bleach in their formula.\\n\\nThe brand with color reinforcing technology\\n\\nSchwarzkopf Professional Bond Enforcing Color Remover can lift artificial\\npigments up to 3 levels. It comes with a developer and Schwarzkopf\\nProfessional Bond Sealer.\\n\\nThe mixture of color remover and the developer is supposed to stay in the hair\\nfor 20 minutes. After rinsing the color remover, you need to apply the Bond\\nSealer and leave it in the hair for up to 10 minutes. After rinsing the Bond\\nSealer, your hair is ready for a new color application.\\n\\n### Makeover Moments: How Does a Color Remover Work?\\n\\nDuring the processing time, the color remover works by 1. Entering the hair\\nshaft 2. Then breaking down the large color molecules that are deposited in\\nthe hair by oxidative hair dyes. The particles of color molecules become small\\nenough to be washed out from the hair. This product will not only remove the\\nsynthetic pigments from the last color you applied but also from all the\\nprevious dyes, too.\\n\\nBleaching Briefs: Dye remover won’t lighten your natural hair color because it\\ndoesn’t contain bleach (there are some exceptions). This product is designed\\nto only remove previously applied permanent hair dye pigments, without\\nbleaching.\\n\\nHere’s a bleaching brief: This product won’t work if you’re trying to restore\\nyour original natural color and you’ve used bleach in the past. Color remover\\nwon’t restore your hair to its pre-bleached color because the natural pigment\\nwithin your underlying virgin hair has been lightened and altered. Dye remover\\nwill remove all the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the underlying\\nlightened base.\\n\\nYouTube video by Porcelain: Black to Blonde Hair in 20 minutes! Color Oops\\nDemo + Review\\n\\nDon’t expect a beautiful color after the color removal process is completed.\\nHowever, you can attain the perfect base to dye your hair again to achieve\\nyour desired color. That is what this product is designed for.\\n\\nColor Chameleons: Those who want to return to their natural color may be\\ndisappointed by the results. Many people blame their color remover for leaving\\nwarm undertones (This is why you hardly ever see a highly rated color\\nremover). However, these undertones may be the result of the previous dying\\nprocesses. Past underlying permanent dyes may have lifted some of the natural\\npigments present in your hair and the color extractor just revealed this\\nunsightly hair.\\n\\n### Color Transformers: Will a Color Remover Strip a Semi-Permanent Color?\\n\\nThis unique product doesn’t work on intense colors such as blues, bright reds,\\npinks, purples, or greens. Sorry, rainbow guys and gals! It only works on dyes\\nthat use peroxide developers, so it’s ineffective at removing direct dyes like\\nhenna and other plant-based colors, as well as semi-permanent or temporary\\ncolors.\\n\\nTrue Colors: You may have read some reports about the successful removal of\\nsemi-permanent fashion colors using artificial hair color extractors; however,\\nthey aren’t designed for that use. A possible explanation is that significant\\nfading of vivid colors may be caused by shampooing multiple times with a\\nclarifying shampoo and rinsing the hair with very warm water, more than solely\\nby the action of the color remover.\\n\\nUpdate: Direct dye removers have been developed to help get rid of semi-\\npermanent colors and allow for more experimenting with fashion colors.\\n\\n#### To summarize the typical color chameleon facts,\\n\\na. The outcome depends on your natural color and your hair coloring history.\\n\\nb. If you have been dying your naturally brown hair black, it may turn out a\\nreddish-brown.\\n\\nc. If you have been dying your naturally golden blonde hair a dark brown, you\\nprobably will end up with a slightly reddish blonde.\\n\\nd. If you have been dying your naturally dark hair a lighter shade, a color\\nremover likely will alleviate the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the\\nlightened base.\\n\\ne. If your hair was partially gray before permanent dying in a darker shade,\\nyour white hair will possibly turn orange. You may need help from your\\ncolorist to recolor or make the transition to your naturally gray hair.\\n\\n### Damage Control: Is a Dye Remover Damaging to Your Hair?\\n\\nFor the down low on damage control, keep in mind that color strippers remove\\nonly the artificial dyes without altering the structure of your hair. Using\\nthem is less damaging to your hair than applying bleach or ammonia-based\\nproducts. However, subjecting the hair to shampooing multiple times and a lot\\nof warm water rinsing can often deplete your hair of natural oils, leaving\\nyour strand feeling dry. Using a conditioner afterward is a must! A deep\\nconditioning treatment should be done to help restore moisture and softness.\\nDo damage control to keep your hair on a hot roll!\\n\\nIf you only use a hair color extractor occasionally, you won’t experience any\\nserious damage to your hair. Overusing color stripping products can leave your\\nhair dry, porous, and prone to breakage. Since hair color extractors leave a\\nraised cuticle layer, you may experience faster color fading after stripping\\nyour hair.\\n\\nTo preserve the integrity of your hair, use hair color removers in moderation\\nand select a brand that doesn’t contain bleach in the formula.\\n\\n## How to Use Color Removers: Fab 5 Steps:\\n\\nBe aware that a cold and drafty room is not an appropriate environment for\\nusing a day remover. Also, make sure to protect your clothing and nearby\\nsurfaces as the product could stain them. Always wear gloves and ensure all\\nitems used are made of plastic or glass.\\n\\nStep 1– Shampoo your hair twice with a clarifying shampoo. Rinse and towel dry\\nyour hair as it should be clean and damp prior to application. Some products\\n(such as the JoBaz Hair Color Remover) should be applied to dry hair per\\ninstruction. Your hair must be perfectly clean in both cases.\\n\\nStep 2– Dye remover kits come in two separate bottles containing an acid\\nsolution and a sulfur-reducing agent. You need to follow directions and mix\\nthem together to cause a chemical reaction.\\n\\nStep 3– In the application stage, you need to work fast because once the\\nsolutions are mixed together the product starts losing its effectiveness.\\nUsing a tint brush immediately apply the mixture to the hair. If you have long\\nhair, you may find it easier to pour the product into your gloved hand and\\napply it with your fingertips. Use a wide-toothed plastic comb to ensure even\\ndistribution.\\n\\nStep 4– Once the hair is well saturated with the mixture, put a processing cap\\nover your hair, and apply medium heat for 20 minutes. You can use a blow dryer\\nto keep your hair warm. Applying heat helps open the cuticle and accelerate\\ncolor removal. If you don’t use the blow dryer, wrap the plastic cap with a\\ntowel to keep your hair warm.\\n\\nStep 5– The rinsing stage is the most important part of the process and must\\nbe done properly. During this step, you wash out the color particles from the\\nhair. Shampoo and thoroughly rinse by directing the water into the hair\\nmultiple times. Each shampoo should be followed by a long warm rinse to keep\\nthe cuticles open. If you use cold water, the product won’t work. If you don’t\\nrinse your hair well enough, the color particles that remain in your hair will\\noxidize in the air and expand again. When you do not completely flush color\\nparticles out, you may experience unwanted re-darkening and return to the\\nunwanted color within 24-48 hours after use. The extra rinsing also helps with\\nwashing away the strong, unpleasant smell of the product.\\n\\nYour hair will be a bit dry after multiple shampooing, so apply a good amount\\nof conditioner and leave it for several minutes to combat the dryness. A\\nneutral protein filler should be applied to seal the cuticles back.\\n\\n### Closing the cycle: Recoloring\\n\\nAlthough the directions on the box say that you can dye your hair the same\\nday, I would recommend letting your hair rest for several days before dying\\nit. If your previous color applications left your hair dry and overly porous,\\nthis condition will become even more obvious after using a color remover. If\\nyou choose to apply permanent hair dye immediately following the color removal\\nprocess, you need to select a color that is at least 2 levels lighter than you\\nwant, because the coloring of extremely porous hair will produce darker and\\nmore intense results than intended.\\n\\nIf you wish to re-color your striped hair the same day, it is advisable to\\napply a temporary or semi-permanent hair color closest to your natural shade\\nand tone and wait at least a week before applying a permanent dye. This will\\nallow the porosity of your hair to decrease a bit.\\n\\nIf you decide just to wait for the roots to grow out, using a “purple” shampoo\\nwill help keep the brassiness away.\\n\\n### RELATED POSTS:\\n\\n * Hair Pre-Color Treatments and Products\\n\\n * Direct Hair Dye Removers for Easier Switching...\\n\\n * Keratin Bond Hair Extensions – Advantages,...\\n\\n * Temporary Hair Dyes: Types, Advantages, and Limitations\\n\\n * The Best Products to Maintain Blonde Hair\\n\\n * How to Care for Your Platinum Hair Between Salon Visits\\n\\nSharing is caring!\\n\\n44 shares\\n\\n * Share9\\n * Tweet\\n * Reddit\\n * Pocket\\n * Email\\n\\nCategories Hair Coloring\\n\\n### 40 thoughts on “Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations”\\n\\n 1. Therese\\n\\nMarch 20, 2018 at 2:15 pm\\n\\nI’ve only dyed my hair once. I’m naturally a medium brown color, and I died my\\nhair black about 3 months ago. I used permanent dye, but I haven’t retouched\\nit yet (I only dyed it the original time). I’m sick of the color, and I’m\\nreally hoping I can get close to my natural hair color because I’ve only dyed\\nit once. Any suggestions? (I’m also trying to avoid a red tint)\\n\\n 2. Gaga\\n\\nMarch 22, 2018 at 10:40 pm\\n\\nA color remover wouldn’t resolve the problem except you plan to dye your hair\\nagain. Consider consulting an experienced colorist.\\n\\n 3. ALicia Anderson\\n\\nMarch 24, 2018 at 7:33 pm\\n\\nYes, you can remove it my hair is naturally medium brown color I dyed it\\nburgundy to black I used color oops the first time it took all the black out\\nand my hair was burgundy since I had dyed it that color before the black I\\nused color Oops Hair again and it came back to my natural hair color with no\\nred tints but just make sure you rinse your hair completely to remove all the\\ncolor. Since you’ve only dyed it once it’s less color to remove and not layers\\non top of layers.\\n\\n 4. ALicia Anderson\\n\\nMarch 24, 2018 at 7:34 pm\\n\\nOH and not to mention the black and burgundy we’re both permanent colors.\\n\\n 5. Kersten Parrella\\n\\nMarch 29, 2018 at 7:21 pm\\n\\nMy hair is naturally medium to dark blonde. A couple of weeks ago I tried box\\ndying it lighter blonde because in the winter my natural lighter highlights\\nfade and it looked more brown than blonde. Anyways this golden blonde L’Oreal\\nbox dye turned my lighter blonde hair orange and my darker blonde hair red. I\\nwent to an Aveda salon and asked for them to fix the red/orange and I wanted a\\nnatural blonde look with highlights and lowlights. They told me they couldn’t\\nfix the orange/red immediately, and they did this: -they highlighted my hair\\n(to break up the red) -and then toned/added a gloss for about 8 minutes to\\ncounteract the red\\n\\nOne thing I noticed was the stylists said my hair “took” really well to the\\nhighlight and it brought some neutral blonde tones, which I like. However,\\nother than that, my hair is still orange/red.\\n\\nWhat I would like to know is: 1. Did the salon do the best they could to\\nremove the red/orange, or were they being too conservative with my hair? If\\nso, what should I ask to be done at another salon to achieve the best and\\nquickest results possible? 2. I tried buying purple shampoos and toners and\\nnothing seems to be working on my hair! Should I try using a color stripping\\ntreatment like Pravana? Given my situation, would that only make my hair more\\norange/red, or would it help to remove that artificial color to my natural\\ndark blonde?\\n\\n 6. Pat Hammond\\n\\nMay 14, 2018 at 8:39 pm\\n\\nNo; I haven’t asked her yet to remove the color. Also, on the downside, she\\njust started being a hairdresser.\\n\\n 7. Jams\\n\\nSeptember 13, 2018 at 1:30 pm\\n\\nI use a color remover to get the ginger color out of my dark blonde hair. It\\nworked pretty well but is still a little red/gold. I’m going to dye over it,\\nbut I’m not sure what developer to use. 10 or 20? Any suggestions?\\n\\n 8. Sue\\n\\nNovember 12, 2018 at 5:48 pm\\n\\nIt says on the Colour Oops box that it DOES remove semi-permanent.\\n\\n 9. MCgee\\n\\nDecember 1, 2018 at 11:39 pm\\n\\nHello everyone, my Asian hair was bleached back in 2014. then used medium\\nbrown to cover my white hair. If I use color remover, is it correct that my\\nhair will go back to the color when I bleached it (which is orangey goldy-\\nish)? If yes, I am also looking at using toner instead, because I want to go\\nblonde and then silver-white then transition to gray-white. I want to stop\\nusing hair dye after I have achieved the silver or white color on my hair. Any\\nthoughts? I learned a lot from this forum. Super thanks for sharing!\\n\\n 10. laura\\n\\nJuly 19, 2019 at 8:23 am\\n\\nhello! I am naturally brunette, I bleached my hair around 6 months ago, by\\nprofessionals. yesterday, I decided to box dye my hair brown again. I fully\\nregret it, so I was thinking of using a hair color remover. I’m not sure how\\nit will turn up, and I want to go back blonde too if possible. any suggestions\\nwould be good. thanks!\\n\\n 11. Zred\\n\\nJuly 21, 2019 at 4:48 pm\\n\\nHi~ I’m trying not to damage my hair too much so I waited for like one more\\nfor the second bleach. and another month for color application. however, the\\ncolor wasn’t up to expectations. my normal hair color is black. after first\\nbleach it became brown. after the second bleach, it became light brown. after\\napplying a light pink dye, it became dark rose gold. if I use bleach on this\\ncolor, will it go back to light brown? or will it be even lighter?\\n\\n 12. Gaga\\n\\nJuly 22, 2019 at 12:08 am\\n\\nI suggest consulting an experienced colorist in your area to ensure you are\\nusing the best lightening solutions and determine what is the right base for\\nyour desired color. You can strip golden rose color using hair color remover\\nand then continue with lightening sessions until you reach the right base for\\nthe color you want. If you are not sure that you have made the right choice of\\ncolor, use semi-permanent color until you are ready for permanent coloring. If\\nyou’re getting your hair colored at the salon, choose a salon that uses a\\nbond-building product like Olaplex to reduce the damaging effect of bleaching\\nand coloring.\\n\\n 13. Nikki\\n\\nAugust 10, 2019 at 1:53 am\\n\\nhave naturally black hair that I had gotten it done by someone who I don’t\\nthink used bleach. She had dyed streaks of red and brown to my hair and I\\nrealized that I don’t like it and I want my natural color back without waiting\\nlong for it to regrow. I searched for many remedies to remove artificial hair\\ncolor but always was scared that I would lose all my hair. I found color oops\\nand read many reviews, some said it was great, some hated it and I am scared\\nif I buy it and then it breaks off all my hair. I have straight to wavy hair\\nand it is long. I don’t know if I should try it but at the same time, I don’t\\nwant to re-dye it. Is it safe? Will it remove all the artificial so I am back\\nwith my natural black hair? Since I didn’t use bleach, will it go back to its\\noriginal color?\\n\\n 14. Gaga\\n\\nAugust 11, 2019 at 5:15 am\\n\\nIf you follow instructions and Color Oops will not damage your hair. Color\\nOops takes out the last color and makes your hair absorbent to another color.\\nThe product will remove hair dye but not your natural color. You will get a\\nbase to re-color and you can choose a shade closest to your natural color.\\nConsult ann experienced colorist in your area. Since your hair is black and\\nyou don’t want to go lighter you might don’t have to use color remover at all.\\n\\n 15. Ritika\\n\\nSeptember 1, 2019 at 3:37 am\\n\\nThanks a million.I got precise info on non-bleach containing color stripping\\nproducts on your website\\n\\n 16. Christine Battaglia\\n\\nOctober 18, 2019 at 10:55 pm\\n\\nI’ve been getting highlights for many years to my thin mousey brown shoulder-\\nlength hair. My hair can be broken in some areas but not too bad. Sometimes\\nthey would give me brown lowlights, or brown roots. In between highlights.\\nThen I had the salon dye my brown. The dark brown dye she used was a demi. But\\nit looks black and washes out my face. It’s been around 2 1/2 weeks and I hate\\nit. In my situation what would the nonbleach color remover do to my hair? The\\ncolorist suggested using it. But colorist has ruined my hair in the past. I\\nneed to get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights.\\n\\n 17. Gaga\\n\\nOctober 19, 2019 at 3:22 am\\n\\nYou can use a color remover to remove artificial pigment. You will get a good\\nbase for applying a new shade. To get back to brown hair with a lot of\\nhighlights you need to re-color. You might want to find a hair professional\\nthat you will trust.\\n\\n 18. Lynn\\n\\nNovember 25, 2019 at 7:15 pm\\n\\nWould a direct dye lifter such as Malibu C DDL and 20 developer work on\\nremoving temporary colors? I have gray hair and I want to fast track my\\ntransition by using Malibu C DDL. I realize I may need a toner afterward, but\\nI wanted your thoughts. Also, would adding Olaplex No. 1 to the mixture help\\nprotect my hair in the stripping process?\\n\\n 19. Gaga\\n\\nDecember 2, 2019 at 7:34 am\\n\\nHere is a post about direct dye removers:https://softerhair.com/direct-hair-\\ndye-removers/ Malibu C DDL will remove temporary colors and it can be\\nactivated either by mixing it with a developer or water. This product is\\nrecommended for professional use. You might want to learn more by watching a\\nvideo tutorial.\\n\\n 20. Karen Willis\\n\\nDecember 28, 2019 at 8:24 am\\n\\nI did use a color remover on my hair which was a dark brown color which I\\ndidn’t like think it provoked color remover and the underlying color was kind\\nof a mousey blonde my hair felt softer too saves dying my hair again\\n\\n 21. Charla Grisham\\n\\nFebruary 2, 2020 at 5:48 am\\n\\nMy natural color is a medium brown, and I was dying My hair red for a while. I\\nused a color strip , and it turned my hair to a yellow and orange color. I put\\na soft lavender brown color on my hair.Im very pleased with the out come..The\\npurple reacted and got rid off all the brassy.My hair is a ash blonde now..I\\nwill add that I washed the lavender out and conditioned it heavily to wash it\\nout..In other words I didn’t let it set.\\n\\n 22. Haley Manis\\n\\nApril 20, 2020 at 1:22 am\\n\\nAfter removing the hair dye do you need to tone it if your natural color is\\nblonde?\\n\\n 23. EMJL\\n\\nApril 20, 2020 at 3:28 pm\\n\\nI am a redhead in my fifties, and have been covering white for several years\\nwith a copper blond color, and more recently with rose gold which is lighter.\\nMy roots now are almost pure white, so I am thinking of “going natural”, since\\nwhite hair is popular. I tried Color Oops and it did pull out a lot of the\\ncolor, but not all. My hair now is a yellowish blond, not bad, but not the\\nwhite that I have in my new growth. I used purple shampoo to calm that a bit,\\nbut I don’t honestly know if all of my hair is white like the top, or if some\\nof it still retains color. Would trying Color Oops again remove the remaining\\ncolor and actually let my base white color show?\\n\\n 24. Gaga\\n\\nApril 21, 2020 at 10:53 pm\\n\\nYes. You need to tone it as the color you get doesn’t look very good.\\n\\n 25. sydney\\n\\nApril 24, 2020 at 2:56 pm\\n\\nno this isn’t true!!! it does remove the pigment from your normal hair !!! I\\nuse color remover to lighten my hair because it damages wayyyyyy less than\\nbleach and my hair is like dark brown and curly .\\n\\n 26. sydney\\n\\nApril 24, 2020 at 3:01 pm\\n\\nLOL sorry i take that back idk how to delete it . i used a different one from\\nthe ones you listed my bad . but! it doesn’t damage my hair nearly as much as\\nwhen i’ve bleached it and it feels really good :))\\n\\n 27. Sandra Shrimplin\\n\\nApril 24, 2020 at 5:57 pm\\n\\nHi, my natural hair colour is mousy blonde and the past 3.5 years I have been\\ncolouring my hair black but now I want to go back to my natural colour or to\\ndye it back to blonde, what is the best colour remover can I use to get rid of\\nthe black please, oh at the beginning it was bleached black but after few\\nmonths I have been using Garnier Belle color permanent black, help needed\\nthanks\\n\\n 28. Sarah Bettencourt\\n\\nApril 30, 2020 at 7:15 pm\\n\\nmy hair has been dyed alot. the last one is black with blue undertones. i hate\\nit. my roots are a bit lighter blue. all salons are closed right now. i just\\nbought 2 bottles of loreal paris colourist secrets hair colour remover. will\\nthis work on it. i want to eventually go to ash blonde or ash to start for\\nsummer\\n\\n 29. Gaga\\n\\nMay 1, 2020 at 1:44 am\\n\\nYou need to color asap after using color remover and the one you mentioned is\\nnot gentle. Why not try some temporary solution until you will be able to\\nvisit the salon? There is a range of temporary root concealers to fix your\\nroots if the roots are a concern. Also, color styling mouses can even your\\ncolor and add texture and shine. They are just a temporary solution but are\\nconvenient to use and wash out with shampooing. They also provide conditioning\\nbenefits to colored hair, like yours. My latest post was about color styling\\nmouses. I hope this will help.\\n\\n 30. Angie Westback\\n\\nMay 5, 2020 at 4:16 pm\\n\\nI have been coloring my hair with Wella 12N (giving me a brassy golden blonde)\\nand every other color use a toner as well. My hair is very dark brown at root.\\nI want to go back to natural color, will the stripper help?\\n\\n 31. Gaga\\n\\nMay 5, 2020 at 6:12 pm\\n\\nYes and no. You will not get back to your natural color just by using a color\\nstripper. But you can get a good base to apply a shade that is close to your\\nnatural color to make the transition easier. Your colorist will help you\\nchoose the right shade.\\n\\n 32. Carolyn\\n\\nAugust 23, 2020 at 11:54 pm\\n\\nHi, I have been coloring my silver gray roots for years with a medium dark\\nbrown box color. I was wondering if using a color remover to start the\\ntransition to gray would be an option. I have very long think hair. I’m\\nlooking for a gentle transition. So would a color remover and then use of a to\\ning shampoo be an option? I really don’t want want to cut all of my hair off.\\n\\n 33. Gaga\\n\\nAugust 24, 2020 at 4:35 am\\n\\nNo, a color remover will not be a solution if you are not planning to apply\\nthe color again. A lot of unwanted undertones will show up. I suggest a\\nconsultation with a skilled hair colorist to start the transition. You want to\\nknow you are in good hands before starting.\\n\\n 34. AnitaTaco\\n\\nSeptember 25, 2020 at 4:11 am\\n\\nI find so many of the bad reviews are because we’re all conditioned to the\\nimportant part of the process being when it’s sitting in your hair. Unlike\\ndye, all the magic in color strippers, just as you said, is in the tedious\\nrinsing/washing stage. You can always tell the people who are impatient &\\ndon’t read or follow directions thoroughly, but it’s the product’s fault, of\\ncourse!\\n\\nWhat I’m wondering, is how long of a window do you have from when you begin\\nrinsing to the dye oxidizing again if you don’t get it all rinsed out?\\nObviously the 30 minutes, but does it stop once the hair is out of warm water\\nor once the product is washed off & you’re done rinsing? I’ve seen people\\nadvise to keep washing over the next several days, but why bother if the only\\nthing it’s accomplishing is drying your hair out?\\n\\n 35. MelBel\\n\\nJanuary 31, 2021 at 3:18 am\\n\\nI can not find the info I need anywhere on the internet and can not go to a\\nsalon. I hope you can help! My hair was bleached 2 years ago to almost\\nplatinum, to accommodate pastels. 6 months ago I used a semi red for base\\n(like a manic panic) and then a semi brown. Which turned very dark. And has\\nnever washed/faded out. Can I use a colour remover at this point and what\\nremaining colour could be expected, if I use it correctly? So I can anticipate\\nwhat to do for the next step. Thank you in advance!\\n\\n 36. Gaga\\n\\nFebruary 2, 2021 at 11:00 am\\n\\nYou should use an appropriate color remover for a semi red and semi browm\\ncolor. The remover should be formulated to remove semi-permanent dyes. Your\\nhair is probably very porous when it holds the semi-color for so long.\\nSometimes it is a challenge even for professional colorists to remove the\\nsemi-permanent color from overly porous, bleached hair. Shampooing with a\\nclarifying shampoo might help a little. There is no guarantee that color\\nremover will remove all the color, but there are chances that you get an\\nacceptable base for a new color shade. Consider using a clear protein filler\\nprior to the next coloring to even hair porosity and get more consistent\\nresults.\\n\\n 37. Rebekah\\n\\nFebruary 28, 2021 at 10:16 pm\\n\\nI don’t understand the part where they say that it won’t damage your hair. It\\ndoes. It made mine insanely dry. Thankfully already bought things to deal with\\nthis because I knew it would happen. But I don’t understand why this ‘point’\\nwould be in the article when it isn’t true.\\n\\n 38. Lucan\\n\\nApril 9, 2021 at 3:26 am\\n\\nA month or so ago I got a keratin straightening (NAK) Will using Color\\nremovers, remove the treatment? Thanks for your time!\\n\\n 39. Gaga\\n\\nApril 15, 2021 at 10:31 pm\\n\\nUsing color removers will certainly affect your keratin treatment and shorten\\nits longevity.\\n\\n 40. Cynthia\\n\\nMay 5, 2021 at 7:29 am\\n\\nI naturally have light brown hair, dyed it red last year with box dye, then\\nlike two weeks ago I decided to go black with box dye, decided I didn’t like\\nit and kept it for a few days, used a color remover and I didn’t do it right\\nso it didn’t work good, then dyed it red again on top of that, the red turned\\nout dark almost black, then used color oops the correct way but I don’t know\\nhow long I should wait before dying it red again.. so far I been waiting for a\\nweek. My hair is currently like a light ginger color, but when it’s wet it\\nlooks dark and idk if that’s normal because my hair hasn’t been this color. Is\\nit safe to put red box dye on it after using a color remover after a week of\\nwaiting?\\n\\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\\n\\n## Recent Posts\\n\\n * 8 Tricks to Make Semi-Permanent Dye Last\\n * Shampoo Wars: Bar or Bottle?\\n * Six Differences between Keratin Treatment and Japanese Hair Straightening\\n * How to Care for Your Platinum Hair Between Salon Visits\\n * 12 Oils that May Stimulate Hair Growth\\n * Silver Hair Upkeep: Washing, Conditioning, Toning, and Reinforcing\\n * All About Balayage Hair Straight from a Hairstylist\\n\\n## Categories\\n\\n * Aftercare Tips for Chemically Straightened Hair (7)\\n * Botox for Hair (5)\\n * Frizzy Hair Treatments (14)\\n * Hair Care (44)\\n * Hair Coloring (44)\\n * Hair Extensions and Wigs (11)\\n * Hair Growth (1)\\n * Hair Oils (6)\\n * Hair Straightening Treatments (15)\\n * Hair Styling (18)\\n * Perms (2)\\n * Scalp Care (9)\\n * Softer, Silkier Hair (12)\\n * Sulfate-Free Hair Shampoos (46)\\n\\nAmazon Affiliate Disclosure: softerhair.com is a participant in the Amazon\\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\\nto amazon.com.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210301045312/https://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I color my hair at home, and always end up with dye on my forehead and ears, which can stain your skin. I have tried to put petroleum jelly on my hairline, but it would get in my hair and stop the dye from taking. Anyway, I had the idea of using masking tape (the paper, low stick kind) on the skin around my hair line and it works really well, giving me a much more professional look. I have suggested it to friends and it works well for them too. It is a time and skin saver. It is a bit fiddly to get the hang of, but gives awesome results.\",\n \"To prevent my ears/neck/hairline from getting covered in tell-tale dye spots when I dye my hair, I smear vaseline on them.\",\n \"Okay guys, I have been using black dye for 5+ years now and I always get covered in it, but NO MORE! Before applying, clip hairline back, and cover your face and neck entirely in Vaseline. Put on hands and arms before wearing gloves. Even hours after, a warm soapy cloth washed over stained areas, and VOILA! Gone from anywhere that's human skin.\",\n \"Ask a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to see the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\",\n \"I see how to get hair dye off the skin as a question a lot in the feedback. How do you keep it off in the first place so you don't have to work to take it off.\",\n \"I love colors from purple, to pink, to green, or blue hair. I used to bleach and dye it in high school, but got tired of the constant staining of the back of my neck and ears when I let my hair down after being dry. Any tips from those who regularly do this and don't seem to have that trouble?\",\n \"When you think you are done rinsing, rinse some more. That's usually the main problem. If that doesn't work, use just a tiny bit of shampoo after you rinse well to do a light shampoo. Then blot your hair as dry as possible.\",\n \"My hairdresser always puts a layer of Vaseline petroleum jelly around my hairline, ears and back of my neck and I have never had stains on my skin. She just wipes it all off when she shampoos the color out. Hope this helps.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin | ThriftyFun\\n\\nMenu Ask a Question Share a Post Account Search\\n\\nsocial\\n\\n# Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin\\n\\n0\\n\\nShare\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFlag\\n\\nSave\\n\\nFollow\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nEmail\\n\\n### Tip: Masking Tape For Coloring Hair\\n\\nBy happy ending [6 Posts, 9 Comments]\\n\\nNovember 11, 2010\\n\\nI color my hair at home, and always end up with dye on my forehead and ears,\\nwhich can stain your skin. I have tried to put petroleum jelly on my hairline,\\nbut it would get in my hair and stop the dye from taking. Anyway, I had the\\nidea of using masking tape (the paper, low stick kind) on the skin around my\\nhair line and it works really well, giving me a much more professional look. I\\nhave suggested it to friends and it works well for them too. It is a time and\\nskin saver. It is a bit fiddly to get the hang of, but gives awesome results.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nBy happy ending from Geraldton, Western Australia\\n\\nComment Was this helpful? 11\\n\\n#### Comments\\n\\nRead More Comments\\n\\n## 4 More Solutions\\n\\nShare on ThriftyFunThis page contains the following solutions. Have something\\nto add? Please share your solution!\\n\\n### Tip: Keeping Hair Dye Off Skin\\n\\nFebruary 14, 2005\\n\\nTo prevent my ears/neck/hairline from getting covered in tell-tale dye spots\\nwhen I dye my hair, I smear vaseline on them.\\n\\nComment Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nRead More...\\n\\n### Tip: Vaseline for Preventing Hair Dye Stains\\n\\nBy jen21again [1 Post, 1 Comment]\\n\\nOctober 9, 2019\\n\\nOkay guys, I have been using black dye for 5+ years now and I always get\\ncovered in it, but NO MORE! Before applying, clip hairline back, and cover\\nyour face and neck entirely in Vaseline. Put on hands and arms before wearing\\ngloves. Even hours after, a warm soapy cloth washed over stained areas, and\\nVOILA! Gone from anywhere that's human skin.\\n\\nComment Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\n## Questions\\n\\nAsk a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to\\nsee the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\\n\\n### Question: Preventing Hair Dye From Getting On Skin?\\n\\nBy Susan Sanders-Kinzel [9 Posts, 2,461 Comments]\\n\\nAugust 19, 2006\\n\\nI see how to get hair dye off the skin as a question a lot in the feedback.\\nHow do you keep it off in the first place so you don't have to work to take it\\noff.\\n\\nSusan from Port Orchard, WA\\n\\n#### Answers\\n\\nBy Jaelyn (Guest Post)\\n\\nAugust 19, 20060 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nPut vaseline around the hairline and the dye can't stick. I've tried it and it\\nreally works!\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nAnswer this Question\\n\\n### Question: Keeping Temporary Hair Dye from Staining Neck?\\n\\nBy lolstarbuckslol [2 Posts]\\n\\nJune 12, 2013\\n\\nI love colors from purple, to pink, to green, or blue hair. I used to bleach\\nand dye it in high school, but got tired of the constant staining of the back\\nof my neck and ears when I let my hair down after being dry. Any tips from\\nthose who regularly do this and don't seem to have that trouble?\\n\\nBy VA\\n\\n#### Answers\\n\\nBy Kat [7 Posts, 238 Comments]\\n\\nJune 14, 20130 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nWhen you think you are done rinsing, rinse some more. That's usually the main\\nproblem. If that doesn't work, use just a tiny bit of shampoo after you rinse\\nwell to do a light shampoo. Then blot your hair as dry as possible.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy cettina [78 Posts, 393 Comments]\\n\\nJune 14, 20130 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nMy hairdresser always puts a layer of Vaseline petroleum jelly around my\\nhairline, ears and back of my neck and I have never had stains on my skin. She\\njust wipes it all off when she shampoos the color out. Hope this helps.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nAnswer this Question\\n\\nCategories\\n\\nHealth & Beauty Beauty Skin Care AdviceAugust 8, 2012\\n\\nPages\\n\\nRemoving Hair Dye Stains on Nails?\\n\\nRemedies for Bags Under Your Eyes\\n\\nGetting Hair Dye Off Skin\\n\\nRemoving Hair Dye from a Bathroom Sink\\n\\nGetting Rid of Pimples Quickly\\n\\nGentle Hair Dye Advice?\\n\\nMore\\n\\n🍂\\n\\nThanksgiving Ideas!\\n\\n🎄\\n\\nChristmas Ideas!\\n\\n😷\\n\\nCoronavirus Tips\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nPinterest\\n\\nYouTube\\n\\nInstagram\\n\\nContests!\\n\\nNewsletters\\n\\nAsk a Question\\n\\nShare a Post\\n\\nCategories\\n\\nBetter LivingBudget & FinanceBusiness and LegalComputersConsumer\\nAdviceCoronavirusCraftsEducationEntertainmentFood and RecipesHealth &\\nBeautyHolidays and PartiesHome and GardenMake Your\\nOwnOrganizingParentingPetsPhotosTravel and RecreationWeddings\\n\\nPublished by ThriftyFun. Desktop Page | View Mobile Disclaimer | Privacy\\nPolicy | Contact Us Generated 2020-11-11 09:43:02 in 3 secs. ⛅️️ © 1997-2020\\nby Cumuli, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\\nhttps://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423142503/https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Blonde hair can be high maintenance and that often comes with a high price tag. Here are some simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair that won’t cost you a lot.\",\n \"I’ve been colouring my hair for years and going from blonde to red hair I admitted I was obsessed with being a blonde and have recently gone back to blonde with Olaplex.\",\n \"I recently went from several years of red hair (my hair is naturally black), with a good amount of gray, to blonde. Although, I love the blonde color and get lots of compliments on it, I am, for the first time ever, experiencing extremely dry, frizzy hair. I need HELP. Also, don’t have money to spare. Please tell me what I can do. THANK YOU.\",\n \"Being blonde does come with a high maintenance price tag but you can simplify your routine. The process of lightening your hair makes the hair shaft thicker and dries out your hair. It’s a side effect of dyed blonde hair which is great if you have oily, fine hair but needs extra care to keep it looking good.\",\n \"Do a weekly deep conditioning treatment. Your normal conditioner isn’t enough to nourish your hair after all that you put it through to be blonde. Add in a weekly masque to your hair care routine. I love salon treatments but you can find some great cheaper brands such as Schwarzkopf 60 second treatments.\",\n \"DIY a hair masque. If you want to save money, a great natural treatment is coconut oil. You can do a masque treatment before you wash your hair. Apply coconut oil to the ends of your hair and massage it through your hair. Leave it for 10 minutes, an hour or overnight if you like. (Put a towel on your pillow and clip up your hair for overnight!) Rinse and shampoo the oil out and then condition your hair after as normal.\",\n \"Take a break from heat styling. If you hair is dry and damaged, put the straighteners down. I would also avoid any heat styling where possible as this will further damage your hair and make it dry. If you must style your hair then please use a heat protectant spray.\",\n \"Switching the colour of your hair drastically affects more than just your hair so here are 5 tips to cope with a major hair colour change.\",\n \"Have you got any other hair care tips for dyed blonde hair for Karen? Let me know in the comments. You can also ask any other hair questions too.\",\n \"I’d highly recommend having a professional treatment whenever you go to the hairdresser for a blow dry. Yes, it’s a bit extra to pay, but it’s so worth it for how beautiful and soft and lush your hair feels afterwards. (PS: I love you as a blonde – totally gorgeous. x)\",\n \"I used to be blonde before I went red for most of my teens and early 20’s. I used to do weekly treatments, wash and condition my hair with salon recommended products ( which I then found could be bought in bulk at a hair care warehouse store). Having red hair is easy maintenance for me and cost effective. I would love to go back to blonde one day though. X\",\n \"Great tip Bec, I buy a lot of prods from beauty supply stores too. Red hair is definitely easier maintenance than blonde, I may switch back in the future 🙂\",\n \"Hi, I'm Christina and welcome to Hair Romance. Here you’ll find tutorials, tips and beauty advice to help you to love your best accessory: your hair. Find out more here...\",\n \"Learn how to braid your own hair, style your curls and have new hairstyles every day with Hair Romance's ebooks.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Reader Question - Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair - Hair Romance\\n\\nHair Romance\\n\\nHair Blog - Hair Tutorials - Curly Hairstyles and more\\n\\n# Reader Question – Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair\\n\\nJune 5, 2015 By Hair Romance 4 Comments\\n\\nBlonde hair can be high maintenance and that often comes with a high price\\ntag. Here are some simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair that won’t cost\\nyou a lot.\\n\\nI’ve been colouring my hair for years and going from blonde to red hair I\\nadmitted I was obsessed with being a blonde and have recently gone back to\\nblonde with Olaplex.\\n\\nKaren recently wrote to me about her new hair colour:\\n\\n> I recently went from several years of red hair (my hair is naturally black),\\n> with a good amount of gray, to blonde. Although, I love the blonde color and\\n> get lots of compliments on it, I am, for the first time ever, experiencing\\n> extremely dry, frizzy hair. I need HELP. Also, don’t have money to spare.\\n> Please tell me what I can do. THANK YOU.\\n\\nThat is a big colour change Karen!\\n\\nBeing blonde does come with a high maintenance price tag but you can simplify\\nyour routine. The process of lightening your hair makes the hair shaft thicker\\nand dries out your hair. It’s a side effect of dyed blonde hair which is great\\nif you have oily, fine hair but needs extra care to keep it looking good.\\n\\n## Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair\\n\\n * Do a weekly deep conditioning treatment. Your normal conditioner isn’t enough to nourish your hair after all that you put it through to be blonde. Add in a weekly masque to your hair care routine. I love salon treatments but you can find some great cheaper brands such as Schwarzkopf 60 second treatments.\\n * DIY a hair masque. If you want to save money, a great natural treatment is coconut oil. You can do a masque treatment before you wash your hair. Apply coconut oil to the ends of your hair and massage it through your hair. Leave it for 10 minutes, an hour or overnight if you like. (Put a towel on your pillow and clip up your hair for overnight!) Rinse and shampoo the oil out and then condition your hair after as normal.\\n * Take a break from heat styling. If you hair is dry and damaged, put the straighteners down. I would also avoid any heat styling where possible as this will further damage your hair and make it dry. If you must style your hair then please use a heat protectant spray.\\n\\nIf you’re looking for a treatment then check out these cult products that\\nsaved my damaged hair.\\n\\nSwitching the colour of your hair drastically affects more than just your hair\\nso here are 5 tips to cope with a major hair colour change.\\n\\nHave you got any other hair care tips for dyed blonde hair for Karen? Let me\\nknow in the comments. You can also ask any other hair questions too.\\n\\n### You may also like...\\n\\nNo related posts.\\n\\nFiled Under: Blondes, Hair Care, Hair Romance, Reader Question\\n\\n« Reader Question – How to style curly bangs / fringes\\n\\nWhat happens at a blogging workshop »\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Sonia from Sonia Styling says\\n\\nJune 5, 2015 at 1:28 pm\\n\\nI’d highly recommend having a professional treatment whenever you go to the\\nhairdresser for a blow dry. Yes, it’s a bit extra to pay, but it’s so worth it\\nfor how beautiful and soft and lush your hair feels afterwards. (PS: I love\\nyou as a blonde – totally gorgeous. x)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Hair Romance says\\n\\nJune 6, 2015 at 10:48 pm\\n\\nThanks beautiful 🙂 and excellent tip! Salon treatments are amazing x\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Bec @ The Plumbette says\\n\\nJune 7, 2015 at 3:50 pm\\n\\nI used to be blonde before I went red for most of my teens and early 20’s. I\\nused to do weekly treatments, wash and condition my hair with salon\\nrecommended products ( which I then found could be bought in bulk at a hair\\ncare warehouse store). Having red hair is easy maintenance for me and cost\\neffective. I would love to go back to blonde one day though. X\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Hair Romance says\\n\\nJune 7, 2015 at 5:28 pm\\n\\nGreat tip Bec, I buy a lot of prods from beauty supply stores too. Red hair is\\ndefinitely easier maintenance than blonde, I may switch back in the future 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\n#### HAIR ROMANCE – LOVE YOUR HAIR\\n\\nHi, I'm Christina and welcome to Hair Romance. Here you’ll find tutorials,\\ntips and beauty advice to help you to love your best accessory: your hair.\\nFind out more here...\\n\\n#### Search Hair Romance\\n\\n#### SHOP HAIR ROMANCE\\n\\nLearn how to braid your own hair, style your curls and have new hairstyles\\nevery day with Hair Romance's ebooks.\\n\\n#### ARCHIVES\\n\\n#### HAIR ROMANCE\\n\\nAll information copyright Hair RomanceTM 2010-2021. Hair Romance is a\\nregistered Trademark.\\n\\n#### QUICK LINKS\\n\\nHome About Braid Now course 30 Days of Curly Hairstyles Advertise Contact\\nPrivacy\\n\\n#### CONTACT\\n\\nEmail: thehair[at]hairromance[dot]com\\n\\nMail: PO Box 1288, Darlinghurst NSW 1300\\n\\nTwitter: @hairromance Instagram: @hairromance\\n\\nCopyright Christina Butcher 2020\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210630180229/https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Remove Color From Hair\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.\",\n \"Hair color experimentation is practically a rite of passage, and especially in the times of COVID-19 and quarantine, going for a bold color was encouraged. In fact, it was practically the norm — just look at all the celebrities who experimented during quarantine.\",\n \"But whether the experimentation goes awry or you're just sick of the color, there's a pretty good chance you're not going to want the color to last forever. And the good news is, it won't. But for those times when you just can't rid your hair fast enough of the color, there may be a few ways to partially or fully remove the hair color. Read on for expert tips and DIY treatments to remove color once it's lost its shine.\",\n \"The answer is — and I know this isn't what you wanted to hear — it depends. Professional colorist and Matrix brand ambassador Rachel Bodt says it depends on the type of product used to color your hair. She says that henna and some boxed color stains can be very difficult to lift from the hair because of where they sit on the hair shafts, while temporary colors and glosses are easier to remove. She adds that it also comes down to the type of hair you have.\",\n \"\\\"It depends on how porous the hair is and how many coats of color you are trying to remove,\\\" she tells InStyle. \\\"I would also suggest staying away from removing color with bleach at home.\\\"\",\n \"She also strongly urges not attempting to dull it with a lighter box color. But there are some products you can use that are much safer and more effective. You should also be cognizant of your hair texture before getting aggressive with your treatment. Pick products that are gentle, yet effective, to avoid causing further damage.\",\n \"Again, it totally depends on the type of product used and hair that you have, but according to Bodt, there are some methods you can try. She suggests using a product that contains vitamin C or sulfate to \\\"loosen the color.\\\" Try the Oribe Color Power drops ($58; nordstrom.com) which contain vitamin C, and the Sulfur-8 Deep Cleaning Shampoo ($8; walmart.com).\",\n \"\\\"These help open the hair up so the color starts to fade naturally,\\\" she tells us. If you have textured hair, try a clarifying shampoo, like the Pattern Clarifying Shampoo ($20; ulta.com) for a gentle yet deep clean that will help lift hair.\",\n \"In a previous interview with InStyle, colorist Kaylee Benetua at David Mallett Salon said that clarifying shampoo \\\"can strip the hair of unwanted colors depending on the intensity of the color. You can try putting clarifying shampoo all through wet hair and putting a plastic cap on for ten minutes, then rinse.\\\"\",\n \"Bodt warns, though, that you will need to follow with some T.L.C. for your hair since these treatments can be extremely harsh. A hair mask is always a great treatment to moisturize your strands and bring them back to life. Try this deeply hydrating Amika Soulfood Nourishing Hair Mask ($28; sephora.com), which is packed with vitamins and nutrients to replenish hair after any kind of damage, or the Pattern Treatment Mask ($25; ulta.com) for soft yet strong curls or coils.\",\n \"Again, Bodt stresses that you should definitely not further bleach or lighten your hair in any way. If the above steps aren't cutting it, it's probably time to seek out professional help. In fact, the stylist says it's always smart to get an expert's opinion first before acting. But if you're trying to avoid spending money, she says you can receive a free consultation at your salon first before going in blind.\",\n \"If you're looking to avoid the salon and save money on products, you can purchase vitamin C powder that you can simply mix with your existing shampoo. If you don't have powder, you can even try crushing up tablets.\",\n \"Mix one part of the vitamin C powder and two parts shampoo and mixed it into a paste. Then wet your hair and lather the paste onto your strands. Once your whole head is lathered and covered, put on a shower cap, drape a towel around your neck (to catch any drippage), and chill for about an hour.\",\n \"Why does it work? To my understanding, most hair color (or at least the permanent kind) uses oxidative dyeing. The dye penetrates the hair shaft and polymerizes into larger molecular units, wedging itself in between hair cuticles and onto the cortex. This makes the dye chemicals more resistant to removal. You know how ascorbic acid oxidizes quickly? Putting an acid like vitamin C on hair that's been dyed loosens these molecular units, giving dye the chemical heave-ho.\",\n \"The bottom line is you shouldn't be afraid to experiment — it can be fun to play around or switch things up. But it is always important to keep the health of your hair at the top of mind (pun intended). Use gentle solutions, and when in doubt, seek a professional's opinion. That's what they're there for, and in the end a consultation could save you much time and money than dropping your whole paycheck on products that might remove color.\",\n \"MeredithInStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Remove Color From Hair | InStyle\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n## Explore InStyle\\n\\nInStyle InStyle\\n\\n## Profile Menu\\n\\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nJoin Now\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Join Now\\n * My Profile\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Newsletters\\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Help\\n * Logout\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nMy Account\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Join Now\\n * My Profile\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Newsletters\\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Help\\n * Logout\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nSweepstakes\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\n# How to Remove Color From Your Hair\\n\\nExperts weigh in on safe ways to strip your hair of color.\\n\\nBy Sable/xoJane.com and Tessa Petak\\n\\nUpdated Jun 29, 2021 @ 7:15 pm\\n\\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\\ncommission.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nSave Pin FB\\n\\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print\\n\\nHow to Remove Color From Hair\\n\\nCredit: Christian Vierig/Getty Images\\n\\nHair color experimentation is practically a rite of passage, and especially in\\nthe times of COVID-19 and quarantine, going for a bold color was encouraged.\\nIn fact, it was practically the norm — just look at all the celebrities who\\nexperimented during quarantine.\\n\\nBut whether the experimentation goes awry or you're just sick of the color,\\nthere's a pretty good chance you're not going to want the color to last\\nforever. And the good news is, it won't. But for those times when you just\\ncan't rid your hair fast enough of the color, there may be a few ways to\\npartially or fully remove the hair color. Read on for expert tips and DIY\\ntreatments to remove color once it's lost its shine.\\n\\n## Is It Possible to Remove Hair Color?\\n\\nThe answer is — and I know this isn't what you wanted to hear — it depends.\\nProfessional colorist and Matrix brand ambassador Rachel Bodt says it depends\\non the type of product used to color your hair. She says that henna and some\\nboxed color stains can be very difficult to lift from the hair because of\\nwhere they sit on the hair shafts, while temporary colors and glosses are\\neasier to remove. She adds that it also comes down to the type of hair you\\nhave.\\n\\n\\\"It depends on how porous the hair is and how many coats of color you are\\ntrying to remove,\\\" she tells InStyle. \\\"I would also suggest staying away from\\nremoving color with bleach at home.\\\"\\n\\nShe also strongly urges not attempting to dull it with a lighter box color.\\nBut there are some products you can use that are much safer and more\\neffective. You should also be cognizant of your hair texture before getting\\naggressive with your treatment. Pick products that are gentle, yet effective,\\nto avoid causing further damage.\\n\\nVIDEO: Trust Us, We Tried It: Hair Detox\\n\\n## How Do I Remove Hair Color?\\n\\nAgain, it totally depends on the type of product used and hair that you have,\\nbut according to Bodt, there are some methods you can try. She suggests using\\na product that contains vitamin C or sulfate to \\\"loosen the color.\\\" Try the\\nOribe Color Power drops ($58; nordstrom.com) which contain vitamin C, and the\\nSulfur-8 Deep Cleaning Shampoo ($8; walmart.com).\\n\\n\\\"These help open the hair up so the color starts to fade naturally,\\\" she tells\\nus. If you have textured hair, try a clarifying shampoo, like the Pattern\\nClarifying Shampoo ($20; ulta.com) for a gentle yet deep clean that will help\\nlift hair.\\n\\nIn a previous interview with InStyle, colorist Kaylee Benetua at David Mallett\\nSalon said that clarifying shampoo \\\"can strip the hair of unwanted colors\\ndepending on the intensity of the color. You can try putting clarifying\\nshampoo all through wet hair and putting a plastic cap on for ten minutes,\\nthen rinse.\\\"\\n\\nBodt warns, though, that you will need to follow with some T.L.C. for your\\nhair since these treatments can be extremely harsh. A hair mask is always a\\ngreat treatment to moisturize your strands and bring them back to life. Try\\nthis deeply hydrating Amika Soulfood Nourishing Hair Mask ($28; sephora.com),\\nwhich is packed with vitamins and nutrients to replenish hair after any kind\\nof damage, or the Pattern Treatment Mask ($25; ulta.com) for soft yet strong\\ncurls or coils.\\n\\nAgain, Bodt stresses that you should definitely not further bleach or lighten\\nyour hair in any way. If the above steps aren't cutting it, it's probably time\\nto seek out professional help. In fact, the stylist says it's always smart to\\nget an expert's opinion first before acting. But if you're trying to avoid\\nspending money, she says you can receive a free consultation at your salon\\nfirst before going in blind.\\n\\n## What To Know About At-Home Hair Color Removal\\n\\nIf you're looking to avoid the salon and save money on products, you can\\npurchase vitamin C powder that you can simply mix with your existing shampoo.\\nIf you don't have powder, you can even try crushing up tablets.\\n\\nMix one part of the vitamin C powder and two parts shampoo and mixed it into a\\npaste. Then wet your hair and lather the paste onto your strands. Once your\\nwhole head is lathered and covered, put on a shower cap, drape a towel around\\nyour neck (to catch any drippage), and chill for about an hour.\\n\\nWhy does it work? To my understanding, most hair color (or at least the\\npermanent kind) uses oxidative dyeing. The dye penetrates the hair shaft and\\npolymerizes into larger molecular units, wedging itself in between hair\\ncuticles and onto the cortex. This makes the dye chemicals more resistant to\\nremoval. You know how ascorbic acid oxidizes quickly? Putting an acid like\\nvitamin C on hair that's been dyed loosens these molecular units, giving dye\\nthe chemical heave-ho.\\n\\nThe bottom line is you shouldn't be afraid to experiment — it can be fun to\\nplay around or switch things up. But it is always important to keep the health\\nof your hair at the top of mind (pun intended). Use gentle solutions, and when\\nin doubt, seek a professional's opinion. That's what they're there for, and in\\nthe end a consultation could save you much time and money than dropping your\\nwhole paycheck on products that might remove color.\\n\\n * By Sable/xoJane.com and Tessa Petak\\n\\n## Share & More\\n\\nInStyle\\n\\nOther Meredith Sites\\n\\n## Other Meredith Sites\\n\\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * More this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\\n * People this link opens in a new tab\\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nMeredithInStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021\\nMeredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation\\nfor some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject\\nto change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of\\nServicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab\\nCalifornia Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis\\nlink opens in a new tab\\n\\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.instyle.com\\n\\n## View image\\n\\nHow to Remove Color From Your Hair\\n\\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\\nguidelines.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":381,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":2756125,"string":"2,756,125"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Apply Face Cream"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To apply face cream, start by cleaning your hands and face with lukewarm water and a suitable cleanser. After a gentle towel-dry, squeeze a pea-sized amount of face cream onto the back of your hand and dab the cream onto your face in small dots, avoiding areas that tend to get oily. Next, blend the cream in with your fingers, using small, upward circular motions, then consider using some of your cream on your neck. Lastly, wait for your skin to absorb the cream before putting on makeup."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20211201130742/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy-tests/about/pac-20392895","http://web.archive.org/web/20190803083700/https://www.today.com/style/6-reasons-why-you-should-use-facial-toner-t73941","http://web.archive.org/web/20210512170228/https://www.asds.net/skin-experts/skin-care/skin-care-for-every-season","http://web.archive.org/web/20170917121717/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060833/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin","http://web.archive.org/web/20211026094346/https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face","http://web.archive.org/web/20210511012629/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount","http://web.archive.org/web/20211216182832/https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211201130742/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy-tests/about/pac-20392895\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190803083700/https://www.today.com/style/6-reasons-why-you-should-use-facial-toner-t73941\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512170228/https://www.asds.net/skin-experts/skin-care/skin-care-for-every-season\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170917121717/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060833/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211026094346/https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511012629/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211216182832/https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1977,"string":"1,977"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy-tests/about/pac-20392895","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211201130742/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy-tests/about/pac-20392895","parsed_text":{"title":"Allergy skin tests","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Allergy skin tests - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.today.com/style/6-reasons-why-you-should-use-facial-toner-t73941","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190803083700/https://www.today.com/style/6-reasons-why-you-should-use-facial-toner-t73941","parsed_text":{"title":"What is toner? 6 reasons you should add face toner to your skin care routine","passages":["At TODAY we take care to recommend items we hope you’ll enjoy! Just so you know, TODAY may get a small share of the revenue.Using interviews with specialists, online reviews and personal experience, TODAY editors, writers and experts take care to recommend items we really like and hope you’ll enjoy! TODAY does have affiliate relationships with various online retailers. So, while every product is independently selected, if you buy something through our links, we may get a small share of the revenue.","It could be the absence of just one product in your beauty routine. For Dr. Hadley King, a New York City-based, board-certified dermatologist, the secret weapon to healthy skin is face toner.","King says not to pile on extra makeup to mask acne and oil problems. Instead, use a gentle, soothing toner to unclog pores by removing oil and traces of dirt and grime.","\"Toners are most helpful and necessary for people with oily or acne-prone skin, or for people who want extra cleansing after wearing makeup or other heavy skin products such as sunscreen,\" she said.","Applying a small amount of toner to a soft cotton ball or pad and gently blotting and wiping your face with it will remove oil and give the appearance of smaller pores.","Our skin is naturally acidic, typically with a pH balance of between five and six (on a scale from 0 to 14). But that balance can get out of whack after cleansing due to the alkaline nature of soap. When this happens, your skin needs to work overtime to return to its normal levels (and that may result in oil), but using a toner can help restore this balance quickly.","Toners can help close pores and tighten cell gaps after cleansing, reducing the penetration of impurities and environmental contaminants into the skin. It can even protect and remove chlorine and minerals present in tap water.","Toner can also be used in lieu of washing your skin when it's oily or dirty. It will leave your skin revitalized even when you're on the go.","Toners containing glycolic acid or other alpha hydroxy acids can help to prevent ingrown hairs, so it also aids in grooming.","This best-selling toner is not only alcohol-free, but it also is formulated with undistilled witch hazel, aloe vera and rose water to calm even the most inflamed skin.","This alcohol-free formula is made with a phyto-rich blend of calendula, butcher’s broom and sage, which is great for cleansing while also rebalancing skin.","Great for evening out combination skin, this toner contains chamomile extract, which promotes circulation and helps heal and minimize scarring.","If your skin is craving serious hydration, this toner is for you. It's made up of a calming blend of aloe, moisture-saving sodium PCA, lavender, balm mint and arnica.","This is an alcohol-free, deeply hydrating formula designed for dry, dehydrated skin that gently tones, reduces the appearance of pores and immediately rehydrates the complexion while it removes any traces of impurities."]},"parsed_md":"What is toner? 6 reasons you should add face toner to your skin care routine\n\n## Beauty\n\n# 6 reasons why you should add face toner to your beauty routine\n\nDon't hide behind makeup!\n\n## Get Stuff We Love\n\nSubscribe to our newsletter.\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\nJune 15, 2010, 10:47 PM UTC / Updated Aug. 2, 2019, 7:01 PM UTC\n\n/ Source: iVillage\n\nBy Ysolt Usigan\n\nAt TODAY we take care to recommend items we hope you’ll enjoy! Just so you\nknow, TODAY may get a small share of the revenue.Using interviews with\nspecialists, online reviews and personal experience, TODAY editors, writers\nand experts take care to recommend items we really like and hope you’ll enjoy!\nTODAY does have affiliate relationships with various online retailers. So,\nwhile every product is independently selected, if you buy something through\nour links, we may get a small share of the revenue.\n\nWhat's standing between you and clear skin?\n\nIt could be the absence of just one product in your beauty routine. For Dr.\nHadley King, a New York City-based, board-certified dermatologist, the secret\nweapon to healthy skin is face toner.\n\nKing says not to pile on extra makeup to mask acne and oil problems. Instead,\nuse a gentle, soothing toner to unclog pores by removing oil and traces of\ndirt and grime.\n\n## What does toner do?\n\n\"Toners are most helpful and necessary for people with oily or acne-prone\nskin, or for people who want extra cleansing after wearing makeup or other\nheavy skin products such as sunscreen,\" she said.\n\nThat's not all toner can do. King outlined some additional benefits:\n\n * 1\\. It shrinks pores.\n\nApplying a small amount of toner to a soft cotton ball or pad and gently\nblotting and wiping your face with it will remove oil and give the appearance\nof smaller pores.\n\n * 2\\. It restores your skin's pH balance.\n\nOur skin is naturally acidic, typically with a pH balance of between five and\nsix (on a scale from 0 to 14). But that balance can get out of whack after\ncleansing due to the alkaline nature of soap. When this happens, your skin\nneeds to work overtime to return to its normal levels (and that may result in\noil), but using a toner can help restore this balance quickly.\n\n * 3\\. It adds a layer of protection.\n\nToners can help close pores and tighten cell gaps after cleansing, reducing\nthe penetration of impurities and environmental contaminants into the skin. It\ncan even protect and remove chlorine and minerals present in tap water.\n\n * 4\\. It acts like a moisturizer.\n\nSome toners are humectants, which means they help to bind moisture to the\nskin.\n\n * 5\\. It refreshes skin.\n\nToner can also be used in lieu of washing your skin when it's oily or dirty.\nIt will leave your skin revitalized even when you're on the go.\n\n * 6\\. It can prevent ingrown hairs.\n\nToners containing glycolic acid or other alpha hydroxy acids can help to\nprevent ingrown hairs, so it also aids in grooming.\n\nHere are a few options to check out.\n\n## The best face toners\n\n * 1\\. Thayers Alcohol-Free Rose Petal Witch Hazel Toner\n\n## Thayers Alcohol-Free Rose Petal Witch Hazel Toner\n\n$8.83\n\n$9.29\n\n$9.93\n\n$9.29\n\nThis best-selling toner is not only alcohol-free, but it also is formulated\nwith undistilled witch hazel, aloe vera and rose water to calm even the most\ninflamed skin.\n\n * 2\\. Avene Eau Thermale Gentle Toning Lotion\n\n## Avene Eau Thermale Gentle Toning Lotion\n\n$20.00\n\n$20.00\n\n$20.00\n\nFormulated for sensitive skin, this toner hydrates with thermal spring water\nand creates a protective shield via natural silicates.\n\n * 3\\. Borghese Effetto Immediato Spa-Soothing Tonic\n\n## Borghese Effetto Immediato Spa-Soothing Tonic\n\n$32.00\n\n$32.00\n\nThis alcohol-free formula is made with a phyto-rich blend of calendula,\nbutcher’s broom and sage, which is great for cleansing while also rebalancing\nskin.\n\n * 4\\. SkinCeuticals Equalizing Toner\n\n## SkinCeuticals Equalizing Toner\n\n$34.00\n\n$34.00\n\nGreat for evening out combination skin, this toner contains chamomile extract,\nwhich promotes circulation and helps heal and minimize scarring.\n\n * 5\\. Neutrogena Oil And Alcohol-Free Facial Toner\n\n## Neutrogena Oil And Alcohol-Free Facial Toner\n\n$5.98\n\n$10.29\n\n$5.98\n\n$5.99\n\nA solid budget beauty option, this toner is gentle and refreshing, avoiding\nany harsh or drying ingredients or additives.\n\n * 6\\. Mario Badescu Facial Spray with Aloe, Herbs and Rosewater\n\n## Mario Badescu Facial Spray with Aloe, Herbs and Rosewater\n\n$12.00\n\n$12.00\n\n$12.00\n\nThis mist is refreshing and hydrating, making it great for dry skin.\n\n * 7\\. Dermalogica Multi-Active Toner\n\n## Dermalogica Multi-Active Toner\n\n$30.98\n\n$41.00\n\n$41.00\n\nIf your skin is craving serious hydration, this toner is for you. It's made up\nof a calming blend of aloe, moisture-saving sodium PCA, lavender, balm mint\nand arnica.\n\n * 8\\. Fresh Rose Deep Hydration Facial Toner\n\n## Fresh Rose Deep Hydration Facial Toner\n\n$45.00\n\n$45.00\n\n$54.50\n\nThis is an alcohol-free, deeply hydrating formula designed for dry, dehydrated\nskin that gently tones, reduces the appearance of pores and immediately\nrehydrates the complexion while it removes any traces of impurities.\n\nThis story was originally on June 15, 2010 on TODAY.com.\n\n© 2019 NBC UNIVERSAL\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.asds.net/skin-experts/skin-care/skin-care-for-every-season","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512170228/https://www.asds.net/skin-experts/skin-care/skin-care-for-every-season","parsed_text":{"title":"Skin care in every season","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Skin care in every season\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170917121717/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html","parsed_text":{"title":"What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face","passages":["Skincare can be one of the most confusing things in life. While a Google search may tell you it's OK to embrace essential oils, your friends could simultaneously warn you that you're doing it all wrong, and then you go down this skin disaster spiral. Alright, so it's probably not that serious, but finding the right way to moisturize your face can be a battle.","While we're sitting here in the cold depths of the polar vortex, we've been thinking hard about the best way to protect our precious faces in the event of harsh winds. So we asked two dermatologists to weigh in on the proper ways to hydrate our skin. From knowing your skin type to reading between the ingredient lines, here's what you need to know about moisturizing your face.","You should be using a moisturizer based on your skin type. One of the first mistakes people make when using products on their skin is using a product that doesn't necessarily fit their skin type. “Most patients will say they have sensitive skin,” says Dr. Paul Jarrod Frank, a New York City-based cosmetic dermatologist. But, if you are unsure, determining your type is easy. Dr. Frank suggests examining how your skin feels at the end of the day. Look to see if your T-zone is dry, oily or somewhat normal.","“Those suffering from dry skin problems are prone to having slightly allergic skin, and such people shouldn’t use conventional moisturizers because of the harm chemicals can have on the fragile surface. While using an oil-based moisturizing cream is terrible for acne-prone skin,” says board-certified dermatologist Dr. Ted Lain. So to avoid a skincare blunder, follow these guidelines:","Oily: “Look for lotions instead of creams,” advises Dr. Lain. Find formulas that have exfoliating ingredients, such as lactic glycolic and salicylic acids.","Dry: Definitely find a cream, especially in the winter weather. “There is more oil in a cream, therefore it is a thicker substance and more moisturizing. The greater the oil content, the better absorption through the skin barriers to hydrate the tissue,” says Dr. Frank.","Combination: While Dr. Lain believes this is the hardest skin type to find products for, he recommends “lotions with no acids, something bland such as Cetaphil, Cerave, Aveeno, Neutrogena, or Lubriderm.”","Normal: “I always tell people with normal skin to put a very thin layer of ointment on at night, such as Aquaphor,” says Dr. Frank, adding that this will help protect you against the forces of nature.","But don't forget, your surrounding climate impacts your skin, too. Whether it’s hot, dry or windy, you should take the climate into account the next time you pick up some moisturizer. For those of you in the chilly, polar vortex parts of the country (who are not acne prone!), try an ointment. “A moisturizer gets readily absorbed, but an ointment leaves an extra layer of protection,” explains Dr. Frank. He also suggests not exfoliating.","If it's humid, Dr. Lain recommends \"swapping your lightweight moisturizer for a gel, which is more hydrating,” because “a gel formulation won't make you look too oily if you start to break a sweat.” And finally, for those super dry places, Dr. Lain suggests a cream, but also adds that “using gentle soaps in the shower without exfoliants are helpful,” while “a cold humidifier in your bedroom at night can help your skin retain the moisture.”","And what about SPF? Dr. Frank gives us the goods on what those SPF numbers really mean. “There are two types of damaging sun rays: UVA, which are responsible for aging the skin; and UVB, which are responsible for burning it -- the SPF number on a bottle of sunscreen only gives a guide for how much UVB protection the product offers.” The only way you'll really know if your sunscreen combats UVA rays is if it states so on the bottle.","Another myth, Dr. Frank explains, is that you don't have to use a different moisturizer from your sunscreen. ”Sunscreens already add moisture to your skin because of their ingredients and if you have oily skin, you may want to skip the separate moisturizer.” If you have to put both on, apply SPF first and let it settle before you put on your lotion or cream.","When testing a new moisturizer, be cautious. We all have those moments when we buy some new skincare product and want to rub it all over our bodies. However, that could lead to unwanted breakouts and some horror-inducing rashes. “If you're trying out a new moisturizer, test it on your forearm first,” says Dr. Frank. And with that, Dr. Lain recommends that you “give it two weeks before you decide.”","One more important thing to consider is how the moisturizers are marketed. “Even if a product's label says that it is hypoallergenic, it still might contain something to which you're allergic,” says Dr. Frank. Make sure to read the ingredients before you buy, to avoid waste and misuse.","Finally, is it really better to moisturize while your face is still wet? While Dr. Lain says it doesn't matter, Dr. Frank says the best time to really apply is after toning, “as your skin is primed to receive the maximum benefits.”","So there you have it, the basics of moisturizing your skin. If you ever find that your face is more irritated than usual, you should consult a doctor.","\"The best way to fix and protect winter skin is to seal it and heal it,\" Krant says. \"Yes, I just made that up.\" That means choosing a moisturizer that locks in moisture and provides some protection of the dermis to encourage healing, but still lets the skin breathe. Krant recommends choosing a thick, fragrance- free cream instead of a lotion, which can be watery, and putting it on after every shower. Dr. Bobby Buka, a dermatologist in practice in New York City, also encourages a thick moisturizer. \"I like non-petroleum based moisturizers,\" Buka told HuffPost Healthy Living. \"Naturalists should like this too! Ceramides are naturally occurring moisturizers found in many emollients nowadays.\"","Want more HuffPost Style beauty content? Check us out on Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram. (For everything else check out our main HuffPost Style Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram @HuffPostStyle.) --- Do you have a beauty story idea or tip? Email us at beautytips@huffingtonpost.com. (PR pitches sent to this address will be ignored.)"]},"parsed_md":"What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face | HuffPost\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nSTYLE\n\n02/04/2014 06:23 am ET Updated Feb 04, 2014\n\n# What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\n\nBy Chanel Parks\n\nRob Lewine via Getty Images\n\n180\n\nSkincare can be one of the most confusing things in life. While a Google\nsearch may tell you it's OK to embrace essential oils, your friends could\nsimultaneously warn you that you're doing it all wrong, and then you go down\nthis skin disaster spiral. Alright, so it's probably not that serious, but\nfinding the right way to moisturize your face can be a battle.\n\nWhile we're sitting here in the cold depths of the polar vortex, we've been\nthinking hard about the best way to protect our precious faces in the event of\nharsh winds. So we asked two dermatologists to weigh in on the proper ways to\nhydrate our skin. From knowing your skin type to reading between the\ningredient lines, here's what you need to know about moisturizing your face.\n\nYou should be using a moisturizer based on your skin type. One of the first\nmistakes people make when using products on their skin is using a product that\ndoesn't necessarily fit their skin type. “Most patients will say they have\nsensitive skin,” says Dr. Paul Jarrod Frank, a New York City-based cosmetic\ndermatologist. But, if you are unsure, determining your type is easy. Dr.\nFrank suggests examining how your skin feels at the end of the day. Look to\nsee if your T-zone is dry, oily or somewhat normal.\n\n“Those suffering from dry skin problems are prone to having slightly allergic\nskin, and such people shouldn’t use conventional moisturizers because of the\nharm chemicals can have on the fragile surface. While using an oil-based\nmoisturizing cream is terrible for acne-prone skin,” says board-certified\ndermatologist Dr. Ted Lain. So to avoid a skincare blunder, follow these\nguidelines:\n\nOily: “Look for lotions instead of creams,” advises Dr. Lain. Find formulas\nthat have exfoliating ingredients, such as lactic glycolic and salicylic\nacids.\n\nDry: Definitely find a cream, especially in the winter weather. “There is more\noil in a cream, therefore it is a thicker substance and more moisturizing. The\ngreater the oil content, the better absorption through the skin barriers to\nhydrate the tissue,” says Dr. Frank.\n\nCombination: While Dr. Lain believes this is the hardest skin type to find\nproducts for, he recommends “lotions with no acids, something bland such as\nCetaphil, Cerave, Aveeno, Neutrogena, or Lubriderm.”\n\nNormal: “I always tell people with normal skin to put a very thin layer of\nointment on at night, such as Aquaphor,” says Dr. Frank, adding that this will\nhelp protect you against the forces of nature.\n\nBut don't forget, your surrounding climate impacts your skin, too. Whether\nit’s hot, dry or windy, you should take the climate into account the next time\nyou pick up some moisturizer. For those of you in the chilly, polar vortex\nparts of the country (who are not acne prone!), try an ointment. “A\nmoisturizer gets readily absorbed, but an ointment leaves an extra layer of\nprotection,” explains Dr. Frank. He also suggests not exfoliating.\n\nIf it's humid, Dr. Lain recommends \"swapping your lightweight moisturizer for\na gel, which is more hydrating,” because “a gel formulation won't make you\nlook too oily if you start to break a sweat.” And finally, for those super dry\nplaces, Dr. Lain suggests a cream, but also adds that “using gentle soaps in\nthe shower without exfoliants are helpful,” while “a cold humidifier in your\nbedroom at night can help your skin retain the moisture.”\n\nAnd what about SPF? Dr. Frank gives us the goods on what those SPF numbers\nreally mean. “There are two types of damaging sun rays: UVA, which are\nresponsible for aging the skin; and UVB, which are responsible for burning it\n-- the SPF number on a bottle of sunscreen only gives a guide for how much UVB\nprotection the product offers.” The only way you'll really know if your\nsunscreen combats UVA rays is if it states so on the bottle.\n\nAnother myth, Dr. Frank explains, is that you don't have to use a different\nmoisturizer from your sunscreen. ”Sunscreens already add moisture to your skin\nbecause of their ingredients and if you have oily skin, you may want to skip\nthe separate moisturizer.” If you have to put both on, apply SPF first and let\nit settle before you put on your lotion or cream.\n\nWhen testing a new moisturizer, be cautious. We all have those moments when we\nbuy some new skincare product and want to rub it all over our bodies. However,\nthat could lead to unwanted breakouts and some horror-inducing rashes. “If\nyou're trying out a new moisturizer, test it on your forearm first,” says Dr.\nFrank. And with that, Dr. Lain recommends that you “give it two weeks before\nyou decide.”\n\nOne more important thing to consider is how the moisturizers are marketed.\n“Even if a product's label says that it is hypoallergenic, it still might\ncontain something to which you're allergic,” says Dr. Frank. Make sure to read\nthe ingredients before you buy, to avoid waste and misuse.\n\nFinally, is it really better to moisturize while your face is still wet? While\nDr. Lain says it doesn't matter, Dr. Frank says the best time to really apply\nis after toning, “as your skin is primed to receive the maximum benefits.”\n\nSo there you have it, the basics of moisturizing your skin. If you ever find\nthat your face is more irritated than usual, you should consult a doctor.\n\nMore winter skin solutions:\n\nPHOTO GALLERY\n\nBEFORE YOU GO\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\nPHOTO GALLERY\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\nWhat You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\n1 / 6\n\nChoose Cream Over Lotion\n\n\"The best way to fix and protect winter skin is to seal it and heal it,\" Krant\nsays. \"Yes, I just made that up.\" That means choosing a moisturizer that locks\nin moisture and provides some protection of the dermis to encourage healing,\nbut still lets the skin breathe. Krant recommends choosing a thick, fragrance-\nfree cream instead of a lotion, which can be watery, and putting it on after\nevery shower. Dr. Bobby Buka, a\ndermatologist in practice in New York City, also encourages a thick\nmoisturizer. \"I like non-petroleum based moisturizers,\" Buka told HuffPost\nHealthy Living. \"Naturalists should like this too! Ceramides are naturally\noccurring moisturizers found in many emollients nowadays.\"\n\nshutterstock\n\nWant more HuffPost Style beauty content? Check us out on Twitter, Facebook,\nTumblr, Pinterest and Instagram. (For everything else check out our main\nHuffPost Style Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram @HuffPostStyle.) ---\nDo you have a beauty story idea or tip? Email us at\nbeautytips@huffingtonpost.com. (PR pitches sent to this address will be\nignored.)\n\nDownload\n\nSuggest a correction\n\nChanel Parks Associate Style Editor, The Huffington Post\n\n## MORE:\n\nSkincare Moisturizing Moisturizing Tips Moisturizers Skincare Tips\n\nWhat You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\n\n180\n\n## CONVERSATIONS\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n * South Africa\n\nClose\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060833/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin","parsed_text":{"title":"American Academy of Dermatology","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"How to control oily skin | American Academy of Dermatology\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211026094346/https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Moisturize Your Face","passages":["Along with regularly cleansing and wearing sunscreen, figuring out how to moisturize your face is one of the most essential steps of any skin-care routine. But skin experts say far too many people skip this essential piece of the skin-care puzzle.","“Most people are not aware of the importance of skin hydration,” Joyce Imahiyerobo-Ip, M.D., director of cosmetic dermatology at South Shore Medical Center, tells SELF.","Why is it so crucial to moisturize your skin? It comes down to the stratum corneum, the outer layer of skin. When this layer is functioning properly, it protects your skin from irritants and inflammation, and it also helps keep the deeper layers of skin hydrated. The stratum corneum is made up of a few different components, including fatty acids and ceramides, so supplementing your skin with moisturizers containing those ingredients can ensure that everything is working as it should—and that your skin will be at its happiest and healthiest.","And, yes, everyone can benefit from moisturizing—even those of you with oily skin. “Those with oily or acne-prone skin fear that moisturizing will only make [their skin issues] worse, so instead they use harsh products and cleansers to dry their skin out,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. But this can actually be counterproductive because overwashing your skin can actually cause it to produce even more oil. Probably not the goal you’re hoping to achieve.","If you haven’t been able to find a moisturizing routine that works for you, know that you’re not alone. It’s just about choosing the right product, pairing it with your other steps in the right way, and applying it correctly.","So, are you ready to learn how to actually moisturize your face? Check out these easy ways to make sure you’re moisturizing your face to get the best results for your skin.","Just as you would swatch a lipstick or eye shadow before buying or applying on your face, you should do the same for skin-care products as much as possible. In addition to making sure you like the way the product smells and feels, this helps ensure that it doesn’t lead to clogged pores, allergic reactions, or breakouts, Dendy Engelman, M.D., a board-certified dermatologist and cosmetic surgeon in NYC, tells SELF.","But, with skin-care products, the process is a little bit different: Rather than testing the product on the back of your hand, apply a small amount on your inner arm where your skin is thinner and wait a day or two to see if you react badly to it, SELF explained previously. If you’re worried about a new product clogging your pores, apply it to a small area along your jawline to see if you develop any new pimples before putting it all over your face.","It’s also crucial to check the label for potentially irritating ingredients, like chemical exfoliants (salicylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, for instance), retinol, and botanical extracts. These can be irritating to anyone, but those with sensitive skin are most likely to react to these ingredients as well as fragrances and preservatives.","“Just because your best friend likes the feel of a particular product does not mean it will work well for you,” Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital, tells SELF. “With so many products on the market, you can select the ideal formulation for your preference—gel, creams, lotions, ointments, and foams can all be effective.” The key is to know which ingredients will best address your individual skin concerns.","Any good moisturizer should contain a combination of hydrating (humectant) ingredients that will draw water into the skin and more occlusive ingredients to seal that hydration in. But, depending on your skin type and concerns, you may need to look for a specific formula or ratio of those ingredients.","If you have dry skin, for example, you may want to use a thicker moisturizer with ingredients like hyaluronic acid, which is a powerful humectant, along with ceramides. Check out:","But for those with oily or acne-prone skin, it will be especially important to look for products that are noncomedogenic or say “oil-free” on the label. You might also want to look into lighter gel cream formulas, such as:","As the back of the bottle says, you should always apply moisturizer to clean skin—and for maximum results, shortly after cleansing, before your skin is totally dry.","Moisturizers are most effective if you use them while your skin is still damp because damp skin absorbs the product more readily. That also gives the moisturizer the chance to lock in that hydration.","While waiting a few minutes or hours after washing your face before moisturizing isn’t the worst habit, it does your product and your skin a disservice. If you find that your routine takes too long for that to work (or you use other products between cleansing and moisturizing that need time to absorb), you can try spritzing on a bit of face mist before moisturizing.","While facial oils can be great at soothing dry and irritated skin, they’re usually not enough to replace a standard moisturizer. “Moisturizers contain humectant ingredients that draw water molecules into the skin, while oil-based products contain emollient ingredients that merely treat the skin on a surface level,” Lily Talakoub, M.D., dermatologist at McLean Dermatology and Skincare Center, tells SELF.","Additionally, many facial oils can be great occlusives, SELF explained previously. So, although they don’t draw water into the skin like an ideal moisturizer should, they can help keep it in your skin.","That’s why, if you’re interested in using a facial oil, Dr. Talakoub recommends applying the oil on top of your regular moisturizer. For instance, Dr. Talakoub likes Eve Lom Radiance Face Oil ($80, Ulta) layered over the brand’s Radiance Lift Cream ($95, Bloomingdale’s).","However, those with oily or acne-prone skin should be wary when using facial oils because many of them can clog pores. Again, be sure to patch test before using these all over your face!","The order in which you use your products can have an effect on how well they work. In general, “you want to start with the lightest products and work your way up to the thickest product,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. “For example, if you have acne and are using any acne medicine, your general A.M. routine would be like this: wash, medicine, moisturizer with sunscreen.” If you use multiple treatments or serums, again, layer them from thinnest to thickest.","The idea is that, by layering products in this order, the thicker ones won’t prevent the thinner ones from getting to your skin. But, of course, you should follow your dermatologist’s instructions when using any prescription product. And, as SELF explained previously, basically everything becomes a cocktail on your face ultimately. So, as long as you’re using your moisturizer towards the end of your regimen, you’re probably fine.","We can’t stress enough the importance of wearing daily sunscreen—even on cloudy or rainy days when the sun is far from sight. “Even low levels of sun exposure add up over a lifetime and contribute both to the development of skin cancers and premature wrinkling,” Dr. Zeichner says.","That’s why your best line of defense is to apply sunscreen every morning. Although you could use a separate sunscreen after your moisturizer, a facial moisturizer with at least 30 SPF (and broad-spectrum protection) will also do the trick.","For the record, you can absolutely use your daytime moisturizer at night, even if it has SPF. It’s not going to hurt you and it’s definitely better than nothing. But there are some good reasons to consider using a separate moisturizer at night or even a more intensive night cream.","Your skin is in its peak state of repair and rebuilding at night, with the majority of cell turnover and regeneration occurring when your body is in REM sleep. Certain products and ingredients can actually help that process along. Night creams are often packed with ingredients that can help soothe and repair the skin, Dr. Talakoub says, such as peptides and retinol. “They are generally thicker and more nourishing, which is why they’re meant for night use,” she says. Dr. Zeichner adds, “We know that skin hydration levels decline at night, making your nighttime moisturizer an important step.”","Finding a great moisturizer is obviously crucial, but if you’re dealing with specific skin concerns, it may be worth it to swap your nightly moisturizer for an overnight mask a few times a month. These masks can be great for adding even more hydration, evening out skin tone, or reducing signs of aging.","Consistently using the right type of moisturizer for your skin is the absolute best way to make sure your skin stays hydrated and healthy. But other steps of your skin-care routine can help, too!","For instance, serums containing ingredients like glycerin, hyaluronic acid, and squalane provide an extra boost of hydration under your moisturizer. Face mists can help keep your skin feeling refreshed and hydrated during the day. And there are even hydrating cleansers and toners to start you off on the right (and most hydrated) note every morning.","All products featured on SELF are independently selected by our editors. If you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.","Jenn Sinrich is a Boston-based freelance writer, editor, and content strategist with a passion for all things beauty and health. In addition to SELF, she contributes to publications including TotalBeauty.com, Glam, Women's Health, Marie Claire, PureWow, Parents and Romper.","Sarah Jacoby is the Associate News Director at SELF. She's an experienced health and science journalist who is particularly interested in the science of skin care, sexual and reproductive health, drugs and drug policy, and mental health. Sarah is a graduate of NYU's Science, Health, and Environmental Reporting Program and... Read more","SELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Any information published on this website or by this brand is not intended as a substitute for medical advice, and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional.","Discover new workout ideas, healthy-eating recipes, makeup looks, skin-care advice, the best beauty products and tips, trends, and more from SELF.","© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. SELF may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"]},"parsed_md":"How to Moisturize Your Face | SELF\n\nSkip to main content\n\nHow to Moisturize Your Face the Right Way for Healthy, Glowing Skin\n\nMore\n\nSearch\n\n * Fitness\n\n * Workouts\n * Shape Up\n * Running\n * Yoga\n * Food\n\n * Healthy Eating\n * Nutrition\n * Weight Loss\n * Recipes\n * Cooking\n * Health\n\n * Mental Health\n * Sexual & Reproductive Health\n * Pregnancy & Motherhood\n * Sleep\n * Love\n\n * Sex\n * Relationships\n * Weddings\n * Single Life\n * Breakups\n * Beauty\n\n * Makeup\n * Hair\n * Fashion\n * Nails\n * Skin\n * Culture\n\n * Career\n * Money\n * Travel\n * Entertainment\n * Technology\n * Family\n * Sports\n * Politics\n\n * Video\n * Spring Challenge\n * Workouts\n * Columnists\n * Newsletter Signup\n\nBeauty\n\nSkin\n\nBeauty\n\nDecember 23, 2019\n\nRelated Condition Centers\n\n * Dermatology\n * Acne\n\n# How to Moisturize Your Face the Right Way for Healthy, Glowing Skin\n\nDerm-approved advice for every skin type.\n\nBy Jenn Sinrich and Sarah Jacoby\n\nGetty/lisegagne\n\nAlong with regularly cleansing and wearing sunscreen, figuring out how to\nmoisturize your face is one of the most essential steps of any skin-care\nroutine. But skin experts say far too many people skip this essential piece of\nthe skin-care puzzle.\n\n“Most people are not aware of the importance of skin hydration,” Joyce\nImahiyerobo-Ip, M.D., director of cosmetic dermatology at South Shore Medical\nCenter, tells SELF.\n\nWhy is it so crucial to moisturize your skin? It comes down to the stratum\ncorneum, the outer layer of skin. When this layer is functioning properly, it\nprotects your skin from irritants and inflammation, and it also helps keep the\ndeeper layers of skin hydrated. The stratum corneum is made up of a few\ndifferent components, including fatty acids and ceramides, so supplementing\nyour skin with moisturizers containing those ingredients can ensure that\neverything is working as it should—and that your skin will be at its happiest\nand healthiest.\n\nAnd, yes, everyone can benefit from moisturizing—even those of you with oily\nskin. “Those with oily or acne-prone skin fear that moisturizing will only\nmake [their skin issues] worse, so instead they use harsh products and\ncleansers to dry their skin out,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. But this can\nactually be counterproductive because overwashing your skin can actually cause\nit to produce even more oil. Probably not the goal you’re hoping to achieve.\n\nIf you haven’t been able to find a moisturizing routine that works for you,\nknow that you’re not alone. It’s just about choosing the right product,\npairing it with your other steps in the right way, and applying it correctly.\n\nSo, are you ready to learn how to actually moisturize your face? Check out\nthese easy ways to make sure you’re moisturizing your face to get the best\nresults for your skin.\n\n## 1\\. Patch test before using any new moisturizer.\n\nJust as you would swatch a lipstick or eye shadow before buying or applying on\nyour face, you should do the same for skin-care products as much as possible.\nIn addition to making sure you like the way the product smells and feels, this\nhelps ensure that it doesn’t lead to clogged pores, allergic reactions, or\nbreakouts, Dendy Engelman, M.D., a board-certified dermatologist and cosmetic\nsurgeon in NYC, tells SELF.\n\nBut, with skin-care products, the process is a little bit different: Rather\nthan testing the product on the back of your hand, apply a small amount on\nyour inner arm where your skin is thinner and wait a day or two to see if you\nreact badly to it, SELF explained previously. If you’re worried about a new\nproduct clogging your pores, apply it to a small area along your jawline to\nsee if you develop any new pimples before putting it all over your face.\n\nIt’s also crucial to check the label for potentially irritating ingredients,\nlike chemical exfoliants (salicylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, for\ninstance), retinol, and botanical extracts. These can be irritating to anyone,\nbut those with sensitive skin are most likely to react to these ingredients as\nwell as fragrances and preservatives.\n\n## 2\\. Use a moisturizer that’s right for your skin type.\n\n“Just because your best friend likes the feel of a particular product does not\nmean it will work well for you,” Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic\nand clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital, tells SELF.\n“With so many products on the market, you can select the ideal formulation for\nyour preference—gel, creams, lotions, ointments, and foams can all be\neffective.” The key is to know which ingredients will best address your\nindividual skin concerns.\n\nAny good moisturizer should contain a combination of hydrating (humectant)\ningredients that will draw water into the skin and more occlusive ingredients\nto seal that hydration in. But, depending on your skin type and concerns, you\nmay need to look for a specific formula or ratio of those ingredients.\n\nIf you have dry skin, for example, you may want to use a thicker moisturizer\nwith ingredients like hyaluronic acid, which is a powerful humectant, along\nwith ceramides. Check out:\n\n * La Roche-Posay Toleriane Double Repair Face Moisturizer SPF 30, $20, Amazon\n * CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, $17, Dermstore\n * Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, $24, Ulta\n\nBut for those with oily or acne-prone skin, it will be especially important to\nlook for products that are noncomedogenic or say “oil-free” on the label. You\nmight also want to look into lighter gel cream formulas, such as:\n\n * Simple Gel Moisturizer Ultra Light, $12, Amazon\n * Peter Thomas Roth Acne-Clear Oil-Free Matt Moisturizer, $38, Sephora\n * Avène Cleanance MAT Mattifying Emulsion, $25, SkinStore\n\n## 3\\. Apply your moisturizer to clean, slightly damp skin.\n\nAs the back of the bottle says, you should always apply moisturizer to clean\nskin—and for maximum results, shortly after cleansing, before your skin is\ntotally dry.\n\nMoisturizers are most effective if you use them while your skin is still damp\nbecause damp skin absorbs the product more readily. That also gives the\nmoisturizer the chance to lock in that hydration.\n\nWhile waiting a few minutes or hours after washing your face before\nmoisturizing isn’t the worst habit, it does your product and your skin a\ndisservice. If you find that your routine takes too long for that to work (or\nyou use other products between cleansing and moisturizing that need time to\nabsorb), you can try spritzing on a bit of face mist before moisturizing.\n\n## 4\\. Consider using a facial oil on top of—but not in place of—your\nmoisturizer.\n\nWhile facial oils can be great at soothing dry and irritated skin, they’re\nusually not enough to replace a standard moisturizer. “Moisturizers contain\nhumectant ingredients that draw water molecules into the skin, while oil-based\nproducts contain emollient ingredients that merely treat the skin on a surface\nlevel,” Lily Talakoub, M.D., dermatologist at McLean Dermatology and Skincare\nCenter, tells SELF.\n\nAdditionally, many facial oils can be great occlusives, SELF explained\npreviously. So, although they don’t draw water into the skin like an ideal\nmoisturizer should, they can help keep it in your skin.\n\nThat’s why, if you’re interested in using a facial oil, Dr. Talakoub\nrecommends applying the oil on top of your regular moisturizer. For instance,\nDr. Talakoub likes Eve Lom Radiance Face Oil ($80, Ulta) layered over the\nbrand’s Radiance Lift Cream ($95, Bloomingdale’s).\n\nHowever, those with oily or acne-prone skin should be wary when using facial\noils because many of them can clog pores. Again, be sure to patch test before\nusing these all over your face!\n\n## 5\\. Layer your products in the right order—but don’t overthink it.\n\nThe order in which you use your products can have an effect on how well they\nwork. In general, “you want to start with the lightest products and work your\nway up to the thickest product,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. “For example, if you\nhave acne and are using any acne medicine, your general A.M. routine would be\nlike this: wash, medicine, moisturizer with sunscreen.” If you use multiple\ntreatments or serums, again, layer them from thinnest to thickest.\n\nThe idea is that, by layering products in this order, the thicker ones won’t\nprevent the thinner ones from getting to your skin. But, of course, you should\nfollow your dermatologist’s instructions when using any prescription product.\nAnd, as SELF explained previously, basically everything becomes a cocktail on\nyour face ultimately. So, as long as you’re using your moisturizer towards the\nend of your regimen, you’re probably fine.\n\n## 6\\. Try using a moisturizer with SPF in the morning.\n\nWe can’t stress enough the importance of wearing daily sunscreen—even on\ncloudy or rainy days when the sun is far from sight. “Even low levels of sun\nexposure add up over a lifetime and contribute both to the development of skin\ncancers and premature wrinkling,” Dr. Zeichner says.\n\nThat’s why your best line of defense is to apply sunscreen every morning.\nAlthough you could use a separate sunscreen after your moisturizer, a facial\nmoisturizer with at least 30 SPF (and broad-spectrum protection) will also do\nthe trick.\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * Aveeno Positively Radiant Daily Moisturizer SPF 30, $17, Ulta\n * Paula’s Choice Essential Glow Moisturizer SPF 30, Paula’s Choice\n * SkinCeuticals Light Moisture UV Defense SPF 50, $39, Dermstore\n * EltaMD UV Daily Broad Spectrum Tinted Moisturizer SPF 40, $31, SkinStore\n * Dermalogica Prisma Protect SPF 30, $65, Ulta\n\n## 7\\. Consider using a different moisturizer at night.\n\nFor the record, you can absolutely use your daytime moisturizer at night, even\nif it has SPF. It’s not going to hurt you and it’s definitely better than\nnothing. But there are some good reasons to consider using a separate\nmoisturizer at night or even a more intensive night cream.\n\nYour skin is in its peak state of repair and rebuilding at night, with the\nmajority of cell turnover and regeneration occurring when your body is in REM\nsleep. Certain products and ingredients can actually help that process along.\nNight creams are often packed with ingredients that can help soothe and repair\nthe skin, Dr. Talakoub says, such as peptides and retinol. “They are generally\nthicker and more nourishing, which is why they’re meant for night use,” she\nsays. Dr. Zeichner adds, “We know that skin hydration levels decline at night,\nmaking your nighttime moisturizer an important step.”\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * CeraVe PM Face Moisturizer, $16, Ulta\n * Drunk Elephant Protini Polypeptide Moisturizer, $68, Sephora\n * Belif The True Cream Aqua Bomb, $38, Sephora\n * Naturopathica Argan & Retinol Wrinkle Night Repair, $106, Dermstore\n\n## 8\\. Try using an overnight mask once in a while.\n\nFinding a great moisturizer is obviously crucial, but if you’re dealing with\nspecific skin concerns, it may be worth it to swap your nightly moisturizer\nfor an overnight mask a few times a month. These masks can be great for adding\neven more hydration, evening out skin tone, or reducing signs of aging.\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * Neostrata Exfoliating Overnight Mask, $62, SkinStore\n * Clinique Moisture Surge Overnight Mask, $36, Ulta\n * Erno Laszlo HydraTherapy Memory Sleep Mask, $95, SkinStore\n * Watermelon Glow Sleeping Mask, $45, Glow Recipe\n * Tony Moly Cat’s Purrfect Night Mask, $19, Ulta\n * Paula’s Choice Super Hydrate Over Night Mask, $34, Paula’s Choice\n\n## 9\\. Don’t underestimate the moisturizing powers of your other products.\n\nConsistently using the right type of moisturizer for your skin is the absolute\nbest way to make sure your skin stays hydrated and healthy. But other steps of\nyour skin-care routine can help, too!\n\nFor instance, serums containing ingredients like glycerin, hyaluronic acid,\nand squalane provide an extra boost of hydration under your moisturizer. Face\nmists can help keep your skin feeling refreshed and hydrated during the day.\nAnd there are even hydrating cleansers and toners to start you off on the\nright (and most hydrated) note every morning.\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * Murad Hydrating Toner, $34, Sephora\n * CeraVe Hydrating Face Wash, $14, Amazon\n * Innisfree Green Tea Hydrating Cleansing Foam, $10, Sephora\n * PCA SKIN Hyaluronic Acid Boosting Serum, $115, SkinStore\n * Dermalogica Skin Hydrating Booster, $64, Dermstore\n * Avène Thermal Spring Water, $14, Dermstore\n\nAll products featured on SELF are independently selected by our editors. If\nyou buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate\ncommission.\n\nRelated:\n\n * Your Skin-Care Routine Actually Only Needs These 3 Things\n * How to Find a Moisturizer That Won’t Leave Your Face a Greasy Mess\n * Here’s Exactly How and When to Use 5 Basic Skin-Care Staples\n\nJenn Sinrich is a Boston-based freelance writer, editor, and content\nstrategist with a passion for all things beauty and health. In addition to\nSELF, she contributes to publications including TotalBeauty.com, Glam, Women's\nHealth, Marie Claire, PureWow, Parents and Romper.\n\nSarah Jacoby is the Associate News Director at SELF. She's an experienced\nhealth and science journalist who is particularly interested in the science of\nskin care, sexual and reproductive health, drugs and drug policy, and mental\nhealth. Sarah is a graduate of NYU's Science, Health, and Environmental\nReporting Program and... Read more\n\nSELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Any information\npublished on this website or by this brand is not intended as a substitute for\nmedical advice, and you should not take any action before consulting with a\nhealthcare professional.\n\nTopicsskinMoisturizerSkin Care\n\n### Sign up for our SELF Healthy Beauty newsletter\n\nEasy and totally doable skin-care advice, the best beauty product\nrecommendations, and more, straight to your inbox every week.\n\nDiscover new workout ideas, healthy-eating recipes, makeup looks, skin-care\nadvice, the best beauty products and tips, trends, and more from SELF.\n\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and\nYour California Privacy Rights. SELF may earn a portion of sales from products\nthat are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with\nretailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed,\ntransmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written\npermission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511012629/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount","parsed_text":{"title":"How Much of Facial Products to Use: Moisturizers, Cleansers, & More","passages":["Whether you choose a gel or a cream cleanser, a dime-sized amount is all you need. For foaming cleanser, one pump should get the job done. Miami dermatologist Alicia Barba, MD, suggests washing once in the morning and twice in the evening if you wear makeup, or only once at night if you don't wear makeup.","If you use too much: Overusing anti-acne cleansers can leave your skin dry and irritated. \"Using more than a dime-sized amount of any cleanser will cause you to go through product a lot faster, with no extra benefits,\" says, Chicago- area dermatologist Amy Forman Taub, MD.","If you use too little: \"Not using enough cleanser leaves dirt, debris, and makeup on the skin, which can cause clogged pores and lead to breakouts,\" says New York City dermatologist Eric Schweiger, MD.","A pea-sized amount of serum gives your skin a concentrated boost of ingredients that help with hydration, exfoliation, acne, or dull skin.","If you use too much: Using too much of any product leaves active ingredients sitting on your skin. Some, such as exfoliating serum, can lead to stinging or peeling.","If you use too little: \"If you use too little serum, you will not get the maximal effect,\" Barba says.","Start with a dab of retinoid product for your entire face. Gradually work your way up to a nickel-sized amount if your skin can tolerate it, Schweiger says.","If your skin has trouble adjusting to a retinoid, ease up. Mix it with your moisturizer before applying, and use it only three times a week instead of five.","If you use too little: Even just a little bit of retinoid will improve your skin, but it will take longer to see results.","If you use too much: Using too much eye cream can leave your skin sensitive, clog your pores, and irritate your eyes. Putting too much on your skin can also make it challenging to apply your makeup.","If you use too little: Skimping on eye cream can leave that delicate skin dehydrated and keep makeup from lying on the skin properly, Taub says.","If you're using a moisturizer that suits your skin type, a nickel-sized amount should be enough for your whole face.","If you use too much: Overdoing moisturizer can make your skin shiny and lead to breakouts. It can also feel heavy on your skin and make it harder to put on your makeup.","If you use too little: Your skin may feel tight, flake, and look dull because it's not as hydrated as it could be.","Use a grape-sized amount for your face. For the rest of your body, you need enough sunscreen to fit in a shot glass.","If you use too much: \"Most people don't use enough sunscreen,\" Schweiger says. \"In this case, there is no such thing as using too much.\"","If you use too little: You could get sunburn. Over time, you might also get sun-damaged skin that looks old before its time. You could also get skin cancer.","A dab is enough to exfoliate. Taub recommends using a scrub with round beads, not jagged edges that could make small tears in your skin.","If you use too much: Your skin may become dry, irritated, red, and sore. Other products will sting when you put them on your face.","If you use too little: There's no downside.\"Scrubs are not mandatory, and they do not make or break a skin care routine,\" Barba says.","By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time."]},"parsed_md":"How Much of Facial Products to Use: Moisturizers, Cleansers, & More\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Healthy Beauty\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n\n### Healthy Beauty Guide\n\n * Cosmetic Surgery\n * Cosmetics & Makeup\n * Hair Care\n * Healthy Nails\n * Spa Treatments\n * All Topics\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * Fitness & Exercise\n * Hair Loss\n * Healthy Aging\n * Skin Problems & Treatments\n * Psoriasis\n * Women's Health\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Healthy Beauty\n\n * Feature Stories\n\n#### Psoriasis: Simple Skin Care Tips\n\n# How Much Product Should You Use?\n\nBy Paige Herman-Axel\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nGet better results from your skin care products by using them the right way.\n\nFrom cleansers and serums to moisturizers and more, top dermatologists share\nguidelines for how much you need to use.\n\n## Cleanser\n\nWhether you choose a gel or a cream cleanser, a dime-sized amount is all you\nneed. For foaming cleanser, one pump should get the job done. Miami\ndermatologist Alicia Barba, MD, suggests washing once in the morning and twice\nin the evening if you wear makeup, or only once at night if you don't wear\nmakeup.\n\nIf you use too much: Overusing anti-acne cleansers can leave your skin dry and\nirritated. \"Using more than a dime-sized amount of any cleanser will cause you\nto go through product a lot faster, with no extra benefits,\" says, Chicago-\narea dermatologist Amy Forman Taub, MD.\n\nIf you use too little: \"Not using enough cleanser leaves dirt, debris, and\nmakeup on the skin, which can cause clogged pores and lead to breakouts,\" says\nNew York City dermatologist Eric Schweiger, MD.\n\n## Serum\n\nA pea-sized amount of serum gives your skin a concentrated boost of\ningredients that help with hydration, exfoliation, acne, or dull skin.\n\nIf you use too much: Using too much of any product leaves active ingredients\nsitting on your skin. Some, such as exfoliating serum, can lead to stinging or\npeeling.\n\nIf you use too little: \"If you use too little serum, you will not get the\nmaximal effect,\" Barba says.\n\n## Retinoid\n\nStart with a dab of retinoid product for your entire face. Gradually work your\nway up to a nickel-sized amount if your skin can tolerate it, Schweiger says.\n\nIf your skin has trouble adjusting to a retinoid, ease up. Mix it with your\nmoisturizer before applying, and use it only three times a week instead of\nfive.\n\nIf you use too much: Using more than the recommended amount can lead to\ndryness, redness, and peeling.\n\nIf you use too little: Even just a little bit of retinoid will improve your\nskin, but it will take longer to see results.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## Eye Cream\n\nDon't slather on eye cream. A pea-sized amount for each eye is more than\nenough.\n\nIf you use too much: Using too much eye cream can leave your skin sensitive,\nclog your pores, and irritate your eyes. Putting too much on your skin can\nalso make it challenging to apply your makeup.\n\nIf you use too little: Skimping on eye cream can leave that delicate skin\ndehydrated and keep makeup from lying on the skin properly, Taub says.\n\n## Moisturizer\n\nIf you're using a moisturizer that suits your skin type, a nickel-sized amount\nshould be enough for your whole face.\n\nIf you use too much: Overdoing moisturizer can make your skin shiny and lead\nto breakouts. It can also feel heavy on your skin and make it harder to put on\nyour makeup.\n\nIf you use too little: Your skin may feel tight, flake, and look dull because\nit's not as hydrated as it could be.\n\n## Sunscreen\n\nUse a grape-sized amount for your face. For the rest of your body, you need\nenough sunscreen to fit in a shot glass.\n\nIf you use too much: \"Most people don't use enough sunscreen,\" Schweiger says.\n\"In this case, there is no such thing as using too much.\"\n\nIf you use too little: You could get sunburn. Over time, you might also get\nsun-damaged skin that looks old before its time. You could also get skin\ncancer.\n\n## Facial Scrub\n\nA dab is enough to exfoliate. Taub recommends using a scrub with round beads,\nnot jagged edges that could make small tears in your skin.\n\nIf you use too much: Your skin may become dry, irritated, red, and sore. Other\nproducts will sting when you put them on your face.\n\nIf you use too little: There's no downside.\"Scrubs are not mandatory, and they\ndo not make or break a skin care routine,\" Barba says.\n\nWebMD Feature Reviewed by Debra Jaliman, MD on September 19, 2013\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nEric Schweiger, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology, Mount Sinai\nHospital, New York.\n\nAmy Forman Taub, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology, Northwestern\nUniversity Medical School, Chicago; founder, Advanced Dermatology,\nLincolnshire, IL.\n\nAlicia Barba, MD, Barba Dermatology and Barba Skin Clinic, Miami.\n\n© 2013 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Hair Going Gray? Here’s Why\n * Makeup Dos and Don’ts\n * Safest Ways to Straighten Your Hair\n * Stretch Marks Getting Under Your Skin?\n\n### Today on Radiance\n\n#### Beauty Oils: Benefits of Coconut, Argan, and More\n\nThe benefits of coconut, argan, tea tree and more.\n\n#### Sun Safety: Tips to Help Save Your Skin From Damage\n\nTips to help save your skin from damage.\n\n#### Reduce Wrinkles: 9 Secrets to Smoother Skin\n\n9 secrets of smoother skin.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Age-Defying Makeup Tricks\n\nVideo\n\n#### Foot Care Made Simple\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Are You Making These Beauty Mistakes?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Banish the Bags Under Your Eyes\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Best Styles for Your Hair Type\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Foods for Beautiful Skin\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Think You Know How to Care for Your Hair?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Secrets for Stunning Eyes\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Do You Need a Special Eye Cream?\n * The Benefits of Botox\n * Guide to a Perfect Pedi\n * How Safe is Hair Dye?\n * When Fashion Hurts\n * Beauty Time-Savers\n\n## Get Skin Care Tips In Your Inbox\n\n### Skin care and wellness tips to help you look and feel your best. Sign up\nfor the Good Health newsletter.\n\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Discover Immunotherapy\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Give the Gift of Life\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211216182832/https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer","passages":["Feel overwhelmed when you want to buy skin moisturizer for your dry skin? That’s no surprise, as there are dozens to choose from at the drugstore and hundreds more at high-end cosmetics and department stores — creams, lotions, ointments, some with sunscreen, others with an exfoliant. Choices range from the basic $1.50 jar of petroleum jelly to a $500 five-ounce tub of designer skin moisturizer. And all the options in between can make your head spin.","While choosing the right skin moisturizer may seem confusing, it’s actually very simple if you follow a few guidelines, says dermatologist Monica Halem, MD, of ColumbiaDoctors Eastside in New York City. Dr. Halem’s first rule of thumb? Don’t spend too much money.","Cleansers and moisturizers are the most important skin products, particularly for softening dry skin. A skin moisturizer works by sealing moisture into the outer layer of the skin and by pulling moisture from the inner layers of skin to the outer layer.","Key ingredients that seal in moisture are petrolatum, mineral oil, lanolin, and dimethicone. Glycerin, propylene glycol, proteins, urea, and vitamins help attract water into the outer layer of the skin.","Some skin moisturizers also contain an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), which exfoliates dead skin, says Francesca Fusco, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City and a spokeswoman for the Skin Cancer Foundation. AHAs are a good choice if you have very dry skin.","It may take some trial and error, Halem says, so be patient. Follow these guidelines as you shop and, if you’re not getting the results you want, try a new one the next time:","Note the first five ingredients. Look for common active ingredients, such as lanolin, glycerin, or petrolatum, Dr. Fusco says. Glycerin is less likely than lanolin to cause an allergic reaction, she says. She also recommends picking a moisturizer that’s made by a reputable company.","Go for added sunscreen. Protecting your skin from harmful sun damage is one of the best things you can do to keep your skin looking young, so buy a moisturizer with a sun protection factor of at least 30. You’ll have to do some searching, but more companies are offering face and body moisturizers with sunscreen, Halem says.","Make it skin-type appropriate. The skin on your face is thinner and more sensitive, so it’s a good idea to use a different moisturizer on your face than you do on your body, Fusco says and recommends buying one that’s labeled “non-comedogenic” because it won’t clog your pores. Of course, choose one that’s right for your skin type. If you know you have sensitive skin, it’s always a good idea to look for a moisturizer labeled hypoallergenic. If you have oily skin, go with a light, oil-free moisturizer. If you have dry skin, get something richer. And if you have combination skin, go with a lighter moisturizer for your whole face and dot drier areas with a heavier cream, Fusco says. Keep in mind that you may need a lighter lotion in the summer, and a cream or ointment in the winter.","Consider using a moisturizer with retinol before bed. Retinol is vitamin A for your skin, Halem says. It works by increasing the speed at which your skin cells turn over. You can find it over the counter or by prescription, but use it carefully as it may cause a skin irritation, red skin, or dry skin.","If your skin is very dry, consider a prescription moisturizer. Prescription moisturizers contain the AHA lactic acid, which softens the top layer of your skin and can do a better job if over-the-counter moisturizers aren’t working for you, Fusco says. AHAs such as lactic acid and glycolic acid can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Tell your doctor if you experience burning, irritation, red skin, itching, or a rash.","Another prescription option is a barrier cream, which contains humectants that hold on to moisture longer, Fusco says. Barrier creams penetrate a little deeper than standard moisturizers, she adds.","Once you find the right product, moisturize every day and you’ll go a long way toward preventing dry skin and even camouflaging wrinkles. While a skin moisturizer can’t get rid of wrinkles — because wrinkles begin much deeper in the skin due to collagen loss — it can plump up the skin and minimize their appearance, Halem says.","Whichever moisturizer you choose, it will work better if you apply it to damp skin. Think about a sponge that’s dried out, Fusco says. If you put moisturizer on it, it won’t go anywhere. But if you soak the sponge in water and coat it with moisturizer, the sponge will absorb it. Your skin works the same way, happily lapping it up.","These newer personal care products promise to fight germs and prevent dry skin. Here’s what board-certified dermatologists think of them.","Do you need to shower every day? Wash your hands with scalding-hot water? Here's the dirt, according to health experts.","Lab tests suggest that more than half of cosmetics sold in the United States and Canada may contain high levels of the chemical. U.S. legislators recently...","A renowned plastic surgeon, recognized as a Castle Connolly Top Doctor, discusses the factors that affect our skin’s appearance, and how patients can ...","A bellwether state for federal efforts, California just became the first in the nation to ban certain chemicals from cosmetics and personal-care ingredients...","© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission."]},"parsed_md":"How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer | Everyday Health\n\nSkin & Beauty\n\n# How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer\n\nKnowing what your skin needs will help you make the right decision. (Hint:\nChoose one with sunscreen.)\n\nBy Marie SuszynskiMedically Reviewed by Lindsey Marcellin, MD, MPH\n\nReviewed: June 25, 2010\n\nMedically Reviewed\n\nShutterstock\n\nFeel overwhelmed when you want to buy skin moisturizer for your dry skin?\nThat’s no surprise, as there are dozens to choose from at the drugstore and\nhundreds more at high-end cosmetics and department stores — creams, lotions,\nointments, some with sunscreen, others with an exfoliant. Choices range from\nthe basic $1.50 jar of petroleum jelly to a $500 five-ounce tub of designer\nskin moisturizer. And all the options in between can make your head spin.\n\nWhile choosing the right skin moisturizer may seem confusing, it’s actually\nvery simple if you follow a few guidelines, says dermatologist Monica Halem,\nMD, of ColumbiaDoctors Eastside in New York City. Dr. Halem’s first rule of\nthumb? Don’t spend too much money.\n\nHow a Skin Moisturizer Works\n\nCleansers and moisturizers are the most important skin products, particularly\nfor softening dry skin. A skin moisturizer works by sealing moisture into the\nouter layer of the skin and by pulling moisture from the inner layers of skin\nto the outer layer.\n\nKey ingredients that seal in moisture are petrolatum, mineral oil, lanolin,\nand dimethicone. Glycerin, propylene glycol, proteins, urea, and vitamins help\nattract water into the outer layer of the skin.\n\nSome skin moisturizers also contain an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), which\nexfoliates dead skin, says Francesca Fusco, MD, assistant clinical professor\nof dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City and a\nspokeswoman for the Skin Cancer Foundation. AHAs are a good choice if you have\nvery dry skin.\n\nFinding the Skin Moisturizer For You\n\nIt may take some trial and error, Halem says, so be patient. Follow these\nguidelines as you shop and, if you’re not getting the results you want, try a\nnew one the next time:\n\n * Note the first five ingredients. Look for common active ingredients, such as lanolin, glycerin, or petrolatum, Dr. Fusco says. Glycerin is less likely than lanolin to cause an allergic reaction, she says. She also recommends picking a moisturizer that’s made by a reputable company.\n * Go for added sunscreen. Protecting your skin from harmful sun damage is one of the best things you can do to keep your skin looking young, so buy a moisturizer with a sun protection factor of at least 30. You’ll have to do some searching, but more companies are offering face and body moisturizers with sunscreen, Halem says.\n * Make it skin-type appropriate. The skin on your face is thinner and more sensitive, so it’s a good idea to use a different moisturizer on your face than you do on your body, Fusco says and recommends buying one that’s labeled “non-comedogenic” because it won’t clog your pores. Of course, choose one that’s right for your skin type. If you know you have sensitive skin, it’s always a good idea to look for a moisturizer labeled hypoallergenic. If you have oily skin, go with a light, oil-free moisturizer. If you have dry skin, get something richer. And if you have combination skin, go with a lighter moisturizer for your whole face and dot drier areas with a heavier cream, Fusco says. Keep in mind that you may need a lighter lotion in the summer, and a cream or ointment in the winter.\n * Consider using a moisturizer with retinol before bed. Retinol is vitamin A for your skin, Halem says. It works by increasing the speed at which your skin cells turn over. You can find it over the counter or by prescription, but use it carefully as it may cause a skin irritation, red skin, or dry skin.\n\nRelief by Prescription\n\nIf your skin is very dry, consider a prescription moisturizer. Prescription\nmoisturizers contain the AHA lactic acid, which softens the top layer of your\nskin and can do a better job if over-the-counter moisturizers aren’t working\nfor you, Fusco says. AHAs such as lactic acid and glycolic acid can cause an\nallergic reaction in some people. Tell your doctor if you experience burning,\nirritation, red skin, itching, or a rash.\n\nAnother prescription option is a barrier cream, which contains humectants that\nhold on to moisture longer, Fusco says. Barrier creams penetrate a little\ndeeper than standard moisturizers, she adds.\n\nWhen to Moisturize\n\nOnce you find the right product, moisturize every day and you’ll go a long way\ntoward preventing dry skin and even camouflaging wrinkles. While a skin\nmoisturizer can’t get rid of wrinkles — because wrinkles begin much deeper in\nthe skin due to collagen loss — it can plump up the skin and minimize their\nappearance, Halem says.\n\nWhichever moisturizer you choose, it will work better if you apply it to damp\nskin. Think about a sponge that’s dried out, Fusco says. If you put\nmoisturizer on it, it won’t go anywhere. But if you soak the sponge in water\nand coat it with moisturizer, the sponge will absorb it. Your skin works the\nsame way, happily lapping it up.\n\nGet more tips for dry winter skin.\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nSign up for our Healthy Skin Newsletter!\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n## The Latest in Skin & Beauty\n\n### Do Hand Sanitizer Lotions Actually Work?\n\nThese newer personal care products promise to fight germs and prevent dry\nskin. Here’s what board-certified dermatologists think of them.\n\nBy Leah GrothDecember 3, 2021\n\n### What Is Niacinamide? Health Benefits, Usage, Supplements, Side Effects,\nand More\n\nBy Jessica MigalaOctober 26, 2021\n\n### Smart Health: I Tried the Opte Precision Skincare Device for My Dark Spots\n— and Here’s What Happened\n\nBy Leah GrothSeptember 14, 2021\n\n### 5 Common Hygiene Myths You Shouldn’t Believe\n\nDo you need to shower every day? Wash your hands with scalding-hot water?\nHere's the dirt, according to health experts.\n\nBy Leah GrothAugust 10, 2021\n\n### Which Collagen Sources Should You Try?\n\nFrom powders and gummies to foods and topicals, here’s a list of collagen\nsources ranked from best to worst.\n\nBy Jessica MigalaJuly 20, 2021\n\n### Potentially Toxic Chemicals Called PFAS Are Common in Cosmetics, Study\nFinds\n\nLab tests suggest that more than half of cosmetics sold in the United States\nand Canada may contain high levels of the chemical. U.S. legislators\nrecently...\n\nBy Lisa RapaportJune 22, 2021\n\n### 6 Places You're Missing When You Apply Sunscreen\n\nNo matter how thorough your SPF routine, these are the spots experts say are\noften overlooked.\n\nBy Moira LawlerMay 14, 2021\n\n### Ask a Castle Connolly Top Doctor: How Aging and Gravity Affect Your Skin\n\nA renowned plastic surgeon, recognized as a Castle Connolly Top Doctor,\ndiscusses the factors that affect our skin’s appearance, and how patients can\n...\n\nBy February 11, 2021\n\n### Clean Beauty 101: A Comprehensive Guide\n\nBy Jessica MigalaJanuary 29, 2021\n\n### California Bans 24 Toxic Chemicals From Personal-Care Products: What to\nKnow\n\nA bellwether state for federal efforts, California just became the first in\nthe nation to ban certain chemicals from cosmetics and personal-care\ningredients...\n\nBy Rachel Jacoby ZoldanJanuary 14, 2021\n\nMost Helpful\n\n### 10 Natural Dry-Skin Remedies You Can DIY at Home\n\n### 8 Habits That May Contribute to Premature Skin Aging\n\n### 10 Surprising Causes of Dry Skin\n\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Editorial Policy\n * Newsletters\n * Privacy Policy\n * Health News\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Feedback\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Popular Topics\n * AdChoice\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nGet the best in health and wellness\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\nA PROPERTY OFEHGLogo\n\nMore From Everyday Health: Castle Connolly Top DoctorsMigraine AgainDailyOM\n\n© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally\nregistered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third\nparties without explicit permission.\n\nBadgesBadgesBadgesBadgesBadges\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy-tests/about/pac-20392895\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211201130742/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy-tests/about/pac-20392895\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Allergy skin tests\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Allergy skin tests - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.today.com/style/6-reasons-why-you-should-use-facial-toner-t73941\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190803083700/https://www.today.com/style/6-reasons-why-you-should-use-facial-toner-t73941\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What is toner? 6 reasons you should add face toner to your skin care routine\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"At TODAY we take care to recommend items we hope you’ll enjoy! Just so you know, TODAY may get a small share of the revenue.Using interviews with specialists, online reviews and personal experience, TODAY editors, writers and experts take care to recommend items we really like and hope you’ll enjoy! TODAY does have affiliate relationships with various online retailers. So, while every product is independently selected, if you buy something through our links, we may get a small share of the revenue.\",\n \"It could be the absence of just one product in your beauty routine. For Dr. Hadley King, a New York City-based, board-certified dermatologist, the secret weapon to healthy skin is face toner.\",\n \"King says not to pile on extra makeup to mask acne and oil problems. Instead, use a gentle, soothing toner to unclog pores by removing oil and traces of dirt and grime.\",\n \"\\\"Toners are most helpful and necessary for people with oily or acne-prone skin, or for people who want extra cleansing after wearing makeup or other heavy skin products such as sunscreen,\\\" she said.\",\n \"Applying a small amount of toner to a soft cotton ball or pad and gently blotting and wiping your face with it will remove oil and give the appearance of smaller pores.\",\n \"Our skin is naturally acidic, typically with a pH balance of between five and six (on a scale from 0 to 14). But that balance can get out of whack after cleansing due to the alkaline nature of soap. When this happens, your skin needs to work overtime to return to its normal levels (and that may result in oil), but using a toner can help restore this balance quickly.\",\n \"Toners can help close pores and tighten cell gaps after cleansing, reducing the penetration of impurities and environmental contaminants into the skin. It can even protect and remove chlorine and minerals present in tap water.\",\n \"Toner can also be used in lieu of washing your skin when it's oily or dirty. It will leave your skin revitalized even when you're on the go.\",\n \"Toners containing glycolic acid or other alpha hydroxy acids can help to prevent ingrown hairs, so it also aids in grooming.\",\n \"This best-selling toner is not only alcohol-free, but it also is formulated with undistilled witch hazel, aloe vera and rose water to calm even the most inflamed skin.\",\n \"This alcohol-free formula is made with a phyto-rich blend of calendula, butcher’s broom and sage, which is great for cleansing while also rebalancing skin.\",\n \"Great for evening out combination skin, this toner contains chamomile extract, which promotes circulation and helps heal and minimize scarring.\",\n \"If your skin is craving serious hydration, this toner is for you. It's made up of a calming blend of aloe, moisture-saving sodium PCA, lavender, balm mint and arnica.\",\n \"This is an alcohol-free, deeply hydrating formula designed for dry, dehydrated skin that gently tones, reduces the appearance of pores and immediately rehydrates the complexion while it removes any traces of impurities.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What is toner? 6 reasons you should add face toner to your skin care routine\\n\\n## Beauty\\n\\n# 6 reasons why you should add face toner to your beauty routine\\n\\nDon't hide behind makeup!\\n\\n## Get Stuff We Love\\n\\nSubscribe to our newsletter.\\n\\nSUBSCRIBE\\n\\nJune 15, 2010, 10:47 PM UTC / Updated Aug. 2, 2019, 7:01 PM UTC\\n\\n/ Source: iVillage\\n\\nBy Ysolt Usigan\\n\\nAt TODAY we take care to recommend items we hope you’ll enjoy! Just so you\\nknow, TODAY may get a small share of the revenue.Using interviews with\\nspecialists, online reviews and personal experience, TODAY editors, writers\\nand experts take care to recommend items we really like and hope you’ll enjoy!\\nTODAY does have affiliate relationships with various online retailers. So,\\nwhile every product is independently selected, if you buy something through\\nour links, we may get a small share of the revenue.\\n\\nWhat's standing between you and clear skin?\\n\\nIt could be the absence of just one product in your beauty routine. For Dr.\\nHadley King, a New York City-based, board-certified dermatologist, the secret\\nweapon to healthy skin is face toner.\\n\\nKing says not to pile on extra makeup to mask acne and oil problems. Instead,\\nuse a gentle, soothing toner to unclog pores by removing oil and traces of\\ndirt and grime.\\n\\n## What does toner do?\\n\\n\\\"Toners are most helpful and necessary for people with oily or acne-prone\\nskin, or for people who want extra cleansing after wearing makeup or other\\nheavy skin products such as sunscreen,\\\" she said.\\n\\nThat's not all toner can do. King outlined some additional benefits:\\n\\n * 1\\\\. It shrinks pores.\\n\\nApplying a small amount of toner to a soft cotton ball or pad and gently\\nblotting and wiping your face with it will remove oil and give the appearance\\nof smaller pores.\\n\\n * 2\\\\. It restores your skin's pH balance.\\n\\nOur skin is naturally acidic, typically with a pH balance of between five and\\nsix (on a scale from 0 to 14). But that balance can get out of whack after\\ncleansing due to the alkaline nature of soap. When this happens, your skin\\nneeds to work overtime to return to its normal levels (and that may result in\\noil), but using a toner can help restore this balance quickly.\\n\\n * 3\\\\. It adds a layer of protection.\\n\\nToners can help close pores and tighten cell gaps after cleansing, reducing\\nthe penetration of impurities and environmental contaminants into the skin. It\\ncan even protect and remove chlorine and minerals present in tap water.\\n\\n * 4\\\\. It acts like a moisturizer.\\n\\nSome toners are humectants, which means they help to bind moisture to the\\nskin.\\n\\n * 5\\\\. It refreshes skin.\\n\\nToner can also be used in lieu of washing your skin when it's oily or dirty.\\nIt will leave your skin revitalized even when you're on the go.\\n\\n * 6\\\\. It can prevent ingrown hairs.\\n\\nToners containing glycolic acid or other alpha hydroxy acids can help to\\nprevent ingrown hairs, so it also aids in grooming.\\n\\nHere are a few options to check out.\\n\\n## The best face toners\\n\\n * 1\\\\. Thayers Alcohol-Free Rose Petal Witch Hazel Toner\\n\\n## Thayers Alcohol-Free Rose Petal Witch Hazel Toner\\n\\n$8.83\\n\\n$9.29\\n\\n$9.93\\n\\n$9.29\\n\\nThis best-selling toner is not only alcohol-free, but it also is formulated\\nwith undistilled witch hazel, aloe vera and rose water to calm even the most\\ninflamed skin.\\n\\n * 2\\\\. Avene Eau Thermale Gentle Toning Lotion\\n\\n## Avene Eau Thermale Gentle Toning Lotion\\n\\n$20.00\\n\\n$20.00\\n\\n$20.00\\n\\nFormulated for sensitive skin, this toner hydrates with thermal spring water\\nand creates a protective shield via natural silicates.\\n\\n * 3\\\\. Borghese Effetto Immediato Spa-Soothing Tonic\\n\\n## Borghese Effetto Immediato Spa-Soothing Tonic\\n\\n$32.00\\n\\n$32.00\\n\\nThis alcohol-free formula is made with a phyto-rich blend of calendula,\\nbutcher’s broom and sage, which is great for cleansing while also rebalancing\\nskin.\\n\\n * 4\\\\. SkinCeuticals Equalizing Toner\\n\\n## SkinCeuticals Equalizing Toner\\n\\n$34.00\\n\\n$34.00\\n\\nGreat for evening out combination skin, this toner contains chamomile extract,\\nwhich promotes circulation and helps heal and minimize scarring.\\n\\n * 5\\\\. Neutrogena Oil And Alcohol-Free Facial Toner\\n\\n## Neutrogena Oil And Alcohol-Free Facial Toner\\n\\n$5.98\\n\\n$10.29\\n\\n$5.98\\n\\n$5.99\\n\\nA solid budget beauty option, this toner is gentle and refreshing, avoiding\\nany harsh or drying ingredients or additives.\\n\\n * 6\\\\. Mario Badescu Facial Spray with Aloe, Herbs and Rosewater\\n\\n## Mario Badescu Facial Spray with Aloe, Herbs and Rosewater\\n\\n$12.00\\n\\n$12.00\\n\\n$12.00\\n\\nThis mist is refreshing and hydrating, making it great for dry skin.\\n\\n * 7\\\\. Dermalogica Multi-Active Toner\\n\\n## Dermalogica Multi-Active Toner\\n\\n$30.98\\n\\n$41.00\\n\\n$41.00\\n\\nIf your skin is craving serious hydration, this toner is for you. It's made up\\nof a calming blend of aloe, moisture-saving sodium PCA, lavender, balm mint\\nand arnica.\\n\\n * 8\\\\. Fresh Rose Deep Hydration Facial Toner\\n\\n## Fresh Rose Deep Hydration Facial Toner\\n\\n$45.00\\n\\n$45.00\\n\\n$54.50\\n\\nThis is an alcohol-free, deeply hydrating formula designed for dry, dehydrated\\nskin that gently tones, reduces the appearance of pores and immediately\\nrehydrates the complexion while it removes any traces of impurities.\\n\\nThis story was originally on June 15, 2010 on TODAY.com.\\n\\n© 2019 NBC UNIVERSAL\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.asds.net/skin-experts/skin-care/skin-care-for-every-season\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512170228/https://www.asds.net/skin-experts/skin-care/skin-care-for-every-season\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Skin care in every season\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Skin care in every season\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170917121717/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Skincare can be one of the most confusing things in life. While a Google search may tell you it's OK to embrace essential oils, your friends could simultaneously warn you that you're doing it all wrong, and then you go down this skin disaster spiral. Alright, so it's probably not that serious, but finding the right way to moisturize your face can be a battle.\",\n \"While we're sitting here in the cold depths of the polar vortex, we've been thinking hard about the best way to protect our precious faces in the event of harsh winds. So we asked two dermatologists to weigh in on the proper ways to hydrate our skin. From knowing your skin type to reading between the ingredient lines, here's what you need to know about moisturizing your face.\",\n \"You should be using a moisturizer based on your skin type. One of the first mistakes people make when using products on their skin is using a product that doesn't necessarily fit their skin type. “Most patients will say they have sensitive skin,” says Dr. Paul Jarrod Frank, a New York City-based cosmetic dermatologist. But, if you are unsure, determining your type is easy. Dr. Frank suggests examining how your skin feels at the end of the day. Look to see if your T-zone is dry, oily or somewhat normal.\",\n \"“Those suffering from dry skin problems are prone to having slightly allergic skin, and such people shouldn’t use conventional moisturizers because of the harm chemicals can have on the fragile surface. While using an oil-based moisturizing cream is terrible for acne-prone skin,” says board-certified dermatologist Dr. Ted Lain. So to avoid a skincare blunder, follow these guidelines:\",\n \"Oily: “Look for lotions instead of creams,” advises Dr. Lain. Find formulas that have exfoliating ingredients, such as lactic glycolic and salicylic acids.\",\n \"Dry: Definitely find a cream, especially in the winter weather. “There is more oil in a cream, therefore it is a thicker substance and more moisturizing. The greater the oil content, the better absorption through the skin barriers to hydrate the tissue,” says Dr. Frank.\",\n \"Combination: While Dr. Lain believes this is the hardest skin type to find products for, he recommends “lotions with no acids, something bland such as Cetaphil, Cerave, Aveeno, Neutrogena, or Lubriderm.”\",\n \"Normal: “I always tell people with normal skin to put a very thin layer of ointment on at night, such as Aquaphor,” says Dr. Frank, adding that this will help protect you against the forces of nature.\",\n \"But don't forget, your surrounding climate impacts your skin, too. Whether it’s hot, dry or windy, you should take the climate into account the next time you pick up some moisturizer. For those of you in the chilly, polar vortex parts of the country (who are not acne prone!), try an ointment. “A moisturizer gets readily absorbed, but an ointment leaves an extra layer of protection,” explains Dr. Frank. He also suggests not exfoliating.\",\n \"If it's humid, Dr. Lain recommends \\\"swapping your lightweight moisturizer for a gel, which is more hydrating,” because “a gel formulation won't make you look too oily if you start to break a sweat.” And finally, for those super dry places, Dr. Lain suggests a cream, but also adds that “using gentle soaps in the shower without exfoliants are helpful,” while “a cold humidifier in your bedroom at night can help your skin retain the moisture.”\",\n \"And what about SPF? Dr. Frank gives us the goods on what those SPF numbers really mean. “There are two types of damaging sun rays: UVA, which are responsible for aging the skin; and UVB, which are responsible for burning it -- the SPF number on a bottle of sunscreen only gives a guide for how much UVB protection the product offers.” The only way you'll really know if your sunscreen combats UVA rays is if it states so on the bottle.\",\n \"Another myth, Dr. Frank explains, is that you don't have to use a different moisturizer from your sunscreen. ”Sunscreens already add moisture to your skin because of their ingredients and if you have oily skin, you may want to skip the separate moisturizer.” If you have to put both on, apply SPF first and let it settle before you put on your lotion or cream.\",\n \"When testing a new moisturizer, be cautious. We all have those moments when we buy some new skincare product and want to rub it all over our bodies. However, that could lead to unwanted breakouts and some horror-inducing rashes. “If you're trying out a new moisturizer, test it on your forearm first,” says Dr. Frank. And with that, Dr. Lain recommends that you “give it two weeks before you decide.”\",\n \"One more important thing to consider is how the moisturizers are marketed. “Even if a product's label says that it is hypoallergenic, it still might contain something to which you're allergic,” says Dr. Frank. Make sure to read the ingredients before you buy, to avoid waste and misuse.\",\n \"Finally, is it really better to moisturize while your face is still wet? While Dr. Lain says it doesn't matter, Dr. Frank says the best time to really apply is after toning, “as your skin is primed to receive the maximum benefits.”\",\n \"So there you have it, the basics of moisturizing your skin. If you ever find that your face is more irritated than usual, you should consult a doctor.\",\n \"\\\"The best way to fix and protect winter skin is to seal it and heal it,\\\" Krant says. \\\"Yes, I just made that up.\\\" That means choosing a moisturizer that locks in moisture and provides some protection of the dermis to encourage healing, but still lets the skin breathe. Krant recommends choosing a thick, fragrance- free cream instead of a lotion, which can be watery, and putting it on after every shower. Dr. Bobby Buka, a dermatologist in practice in New York City, also encourages a thick moisturizer. \\\"I like non-petroleum based moisturizers,\\\" Buka told HuffPost Healthy Living. \\\"Naturalists should like this too! Ceramides are naturally occurring moisturizers found in many emollients nowadays.\\\"\",\n \"Want more HuffPost Style beauty content? Check us out on Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram. (For everything else check out our main HuffPost Style Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram @HuffPostStyle.) --- Do you have a beauty story idea or tip? Email us at beautytips@huffingtonpost.com. (PR pitches sent to this address will be ignored.)\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face | HuffPost\\n\\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\\nyou.\\n\\nEDITION\\n\\nUS\\n\\nSTYLE\\n\\n02/04/2014 06:23 am ET Updated Feb 04, 2014\\n\\n# What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\\n\\nBy Chanel Parks\\n\\nRob Lewine via Getty Images\\n\\n180\\n\\nSkincare can be one of the most confusing things in life. While a Google\\nsearch may tell you it's OK to embrace essential oils, your friends could\\nsimultaneously warn you that you're doing it all wrong, and then you go down\\nthis skin disaster spiral. Alright, so it's probably not that serious, but\\nfinding the right way to moisturize your face can be a battle.\\n\\nWhile we're sitting here in the cold depths of the polar vortex, we've been\\nthinking hard about the best way to protect our precious faces in the event of\\nharsh winds. So we asked two dermatologists to weigh in on the proper ways to\\nhydrate our skin. From knowing your skin type to reading between the\\ningredient lines, here's what you need to know about moisturizing your face.\\n\\nYou should be using a moisturizer based on your skin type. One of the first\\nmistakes people make when using products on their skin is using a product that\\ndoesn't necessarily fit their skin type. “Most patients will say they have\\nsensitive skin,” says Dr. Paul Jarrod Frank, a New York City-based cosmetic\\ndermatologist. But, if you are unsure, determining your type is easy. Dr.\\nFrank suggests examining how your skin feels at the end of the day. Look to\\nsee if your T-zone is dry, oily or somewhat normal.\\n\\n“Those suffering from dry skin problems are prone to having slightly allergic\\nskin, and such people shouldn’t use conventional moisturizers because of the\\nharm chemicals can have on the fragile surface. While using an oil-based\\nmoisturizing cream is terrible for acne-prone skin,” says board-certified\\ndermatologist Dr. Ted Lain. So to avoid a skincare blunder, follow these\\nguidelines:\\n\\nOily: “Look for lotions instead of creams,” advises Dr. Lain. Find formulas\\nthat have exfoliating ingredients, such as lactic glycolic and salicylic\\nacids.\\n\\nDry: Definitely find a cream, especially in the winter weather. “There is more\\noil in a cream, therefore it is a thicker substance and more moisturizing. The\\ngreater the oil content, the better absorption through the skin barriers to\\nhydrate the tissue,” says Dr. Frank.\\n\\nCombination: While Dr. Lain believes this is the hardest skin type to find\\nproducts for, he recommends “lotions with no acids, something bland such as\\nCetaphil, Cerave, Aveeno, Neutrogena, or Lubriderm.”\\n\\nNormal: “I always tell people with normal skin to put a very thin layer of\\nointment on at night, such as Aquaphor,” says Dr. Frank, adding that this will\\nhelp protect you against the forces of nature.\\n\\nBut don't forget, your surrounding climate impacts your skin, too. Whether\\nit’s hot, dry or windy, you should take the climate into account the next time\\nyou pick up some moisturizer. For those of you in the chilly, polar vortex\\nparts of the country (who are not acne prone!), try an ointment. “A\\nmoisturizer gets readily absorbed, but an ointment leaves an extra layer of\\nprotection,” explains Dr. Frank. He also suggests not exfoliating.\\n\\nIf it's humid, Dr. Lain recommends \\\"swapping your lightweight moisturizer for\\na gel, which is more hydrating,” because “a gel formulation won't make you\\nlook too oily if you start to break a sweat.” And finally, for those super dry\\nplaces, Dr. Lain suggests a cream, but also adds that “using gentle soaps in\\nthe shower without exfoliants are helpful,” while “a cold humidifier in your\\nbedroom at night can help your skin retain the moisture.”\\n\\nAnd what about SPF? Dr. Frank gives us the goods on what those SPF numbers\\nreally mean. “There are two types of damaging sun rays: UVA, which are\\nresponsible for aging the skin; and UVB, which are responsible for burning it\\n-- the SPF number on a bottle of sunscreen only gives a guide for how much UVB\\nprotection the product offers.” The only way you'll really know if your\\nsunscreen combats UVA rays is if it states so on the bottle.\\n\\nAnother myth, Dr. Frank explains, is that you don't have to use a different\\nmoisturizer from your sunscreen. ”Sunscreens already add moisture to your skin\\nbecause of their ingredients and if you have oily skin, you may want to skip\\nthe separate moisturizer.” If you have to put both on, apply SPF first and let\\nit settle before you put on your lotion or cream.\\n\\nWhen testing a new moisturizer, be cautious. We all have those moments when we\\nbuy some new skincare product and want to rub it all over our bodies. However,\\nthat could lead to unwanted breakouts and some horror-inducing rashes. “If\\nyou're trying out a new moisturizer, test it on your forearm first,” says Dr.\\nFrank. And with that, Dr. Lain recommends that you “give it two weeks before\\nyou decide.”\\n\\nOne more important thing to consider is how the moisturizers are marketed.\\n“Even if a product's label says that it is hypoallergenic, it still might\\ncontain something to which you're allergic,” says Dr. Frank. Make sure to read\\nthe ingredients before you buy, to avoid waste and misuse.\\n\\nFinally, is it really better to moisturize while your face is still wet? While\\nDr. Lain says it doesn't matter, Dr. Frank says the best time to really apply\\nis after toning, “as your skin is primed to receive the maximum benefits.”\\n\\nSo there you have it, the basics of moisturizing your skin. If you ever find\\nthat your face is more irritated than usual, you should consult a doctor.\\n\\nMore winter skin solutions:\\n\\nPHOTO GALLERY\\n\\nBEFORE YOU GO\\n\\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\\n\\nPHOTO GALLERY\\n\\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\\n\\nWhat You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\\n\\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\\n\\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\\n\\n1 / 6\\n\\nChoose Cream Over Lotion\\n\\n\\\"The best way to fix and protect winter skin is to seal it and heal it,\\\" Krant\\nsays. \\\"Yes, I just made that up.\\\" That means choosing a moisturizer that locks\\nin moisture and provides some protection of the dermis to encourage healing,\\nbut still lets the skin breathe. Krant recommends choosing a thick, fragrance-\\nfree cream instead of a lotion, which can be watery, and putting it on after\\nevery shower. Dr. Bobby Buka, a\\ndermatologist in practice in New York City, also encourages a thick\\nmoisturizer. \\\"I like non-petroleum based moisturizers,\\\" Buka told HuffPost\\nHealthy Living. \\\"Naturalists should like this too! Ceramides are naturally\\noccurring moisturizers found in many emollients nowadays.\\\"\\n\\nshutterstock\\n\\nWant more HuffPost Style beauty content? Check us out on Twitter, Facebook,\\nTumblr, Pinterest and Instagram. (For everything else check out our main\\nHuffPost Style Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram @HuffPostStyle.) ---\\nDo you have a beauty story idea or tip? Email us at\\nbeautytips@huffingtonpost.com. (PR pitches sent to this address will be\\nignored.)\\n\\nDownload\\n\\nSuggest a correction\\n\\nChanel Parks Associate Style Editor, The Huffington Post\\n\\n## MORE:\\n\\nSkincare Moisturizing Moisturizing Tips Moisturizers Skincare Tips\\n\\nWhat You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\\n\\n180\\n\\n## CONVERSATIONS\\n\\n * ABOUT US\\n * ADVERTISE\\n * About Our Ads\\n * Contact Us\\n * RSS\\n * FAQ\\n * Careers\\n * Archive\\n * User Agreement\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Comment Policy\\n\\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\\n\\n * Arabi\\n * Australia\\n * Brasil\\n * Canada\\n * Deutschland\\n * España\\n * France\\n * Greece\\n * India\\n\\n * Italia\\n * Japan\\n * Korea\\n * Maghreb\\n * México\\n * Québec\\n * United Kingdom\\n * United States\\n * South Africa\\n\\nClose\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060833/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"American Academy of Dermatology\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to control oily skin | American Academy of Dermatology\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211026094346/https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Moisturize Your Face\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Along with regularly cleansing and wearing sunscreen, figuring out how to moisturize your face is one of the most essential steps of any skin-care routine. But skin experts say far too many people skip this essential piece of the skin-care puzzle.\",\n \"“Most people are not aware of the importance of skin hydration,” Joyce Imahiyerobo-Ip, M.D., director of cosmetic dermatology at South Shore Medical Center, tells SELF.\",\n \"Why is it so crucial to moisturize your skin? It comes down to the stratum corneum, the outer layer of skin. When this layer is functioning properly, it protects your skin from irritants and inflammation, and it also helps keep the deeper layers of skin hydrated. The stratum corneum is made up of a few different components, including fatty acids and ceramides, so supplementing your skin with moisturizers containing those ingredients can ensure that everything is working as it should—and that your skin will be at its happiest and healthiest.\",\n \"And, yes, everyone can benefit from moisturizing—even those of you with oily skin. “Those with oily or acne-prone skin fear that moisturizing will only make [their skin issues] worse, so instead they use harsh products and cleansers to dry their skin out,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. But this can actually be counterproductive because overwashing your skin can actually cause it to produce even more oil. Probably not the goal you’re hoping to achieve.\",\n \"If you haven’t been able to find a moisturizing routine that works for you, know that you’re not alone. It’s just about choosing the right product, pairing it with your other steps in the right way, and applying it correctly.\",\n \"So, are you ready to learn how to actually moisturize your face? Check out these easy ways to make sure you’re moisturizing your face to get the best results for your skin.\",\n \"Just as you would swatch a lipstick or eye shadow before buying or applying on your face, you should do the same for skin-care products as much as possible. In addition to making sure you like the way the product smells and feels, this helps ensure that it doesn’t lead to clogged pores, allergic reactions, or breakouts, Dendy Engelman, M.D., a board-certified dermatologist and cosmetic surgeon in NYC, tells SELF.\",\n \"But, with skin-care products, the process is a little bit different: Rather than testing the product on the back of your hand, apply a small amount on your inner arm where your skin is thinner and wait a day or two to see if you react badly to it, SELF explained previously. If you’re worried about a new product clogging your pores, apply it to a small area along your jawline to see if you develop any new pimples before putting it all over your face.\",\n \"It’s also crucial to check the label for potentially irritating ingredients, like chemical exfoliants (salicylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, for instance), retinol, and botanical extracts. These can be irritating to anyone, but those with sensitive skin are most likely to react to these ingredients as well as fragrances and preservatives.\",\n \"“Just because your best friend likes the feel of a particular product does not mean it will work well for you,” Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital, tells SELF. “With so many products on the market, you can select the ideal formulation for your preference—gel, creams, lotions, ointments, and foams can all be effective.” The key is to know which ingredients will best address your individual skin concerns.\",\n \"Any good moisturizer should contain a combination of hydrating (humectant) ingredients that will draw water into the skin and more occlusive ingredients to seal that hydration in. But, depending on your skin type and concerns, you may need to look for a specific formula or ratio of those ingredients.\",\n \"If you have dry skin, for example, you may want to use a thicker moisturizer with ingredients like hyaluronic acid, which is a powerful humectant, along with ceramides. Check out:\",\n \"But for those with oily or acne-prone skin, it will be especially important to look for products that are noncomedogenic or say “oil-free” on the label. You might also want to look into lighter gel cream formulas, such as:\",\n \"As the back of the bottle says, you should always apply moisturizer to clean skin—and for maximum results, shortly after cleansing, before your skin is totally dry.\",\n \"Moisturizers are most effective if you use them while your skin is still damp because damp skin absorbs the product more readily. That also gives the moisturizer the chance to lock in that hydration.\",\n \"While waiting a few minutes or hours after washing your face before moisturizing isn’t the worst habit, it does your product and your skin a disservice. If you find that your routine takes too long for that to work (or you use other products between cleansing and moisturizing that need time to absorb), you can try spritzing on a bit of face mist before moisturizing.\",\n \"While facial oils can be great at soothing dry and irritated skin, they’re usually not enough to replace a standard moisturizer. “Moisturizers contain humectant ingredients that draw water molecules into the skin, while oil-based products contain emollient ingredients that merely treat the skin on a surface level,” Lily Talakoub, M.D., dermatologist at McLean Dermatology and Skincare Center, tells SELF.\",\n \"Additionally, many facial oils can be great occlusives, SELF explained previously. So, although they don’t draw water into the skin like an ideal moisturizer should, they can help keep it in your skin.\",\n \"That’s why, if you’re interested in using a facial oil, Dr. Talakoub recommends applying the oil on top of your regular moisturizer. For instance, Dr. Talakoub likes Eve Lom Radiance Face Oil ($80, Ulta) layered over the brand’s Radiance Lift Cream ($95, Bloomingdale’s).\",\n \"However, those with oily or acne-prone skin should be wary when using facial oils because many of them can clog pores. Again, be sure to patch test before using these all over your face!\",\n \"The order in which you use your products can have an effect on how well they work. In general, “you want to start with the lightest products and work your way up to the thickest product,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. “For example, if you have acne and are using any acne medicine, your general A.M. routine would be like this: wash, medicine, moisturizer with sunscreen.” If you use multiple treatments or serums, again, layer them from thinnest to thickest.\",\n \"The idea is that, by layering products in this order, the thicker ones won’t prevent the thinner ones from getting to your skin. But, of course, you should follow your dermatologist’s instructions when using any prescription product. And, as SELF explained previously, basically everything becomes a cocktail on your face ultimately. So, as long as you’re using your moisturizer towards the end of your regimen, you’re probably fine.\",\n \"We can’t stress enough the importance of wearing daily sunscreen—even on cloudy or rainy days when the sun is far from sight. “Even low levels of sun exposure add up over a lifetime and contribute both to the development of skin cancers and premature wrinkling,” Dr. Zeichner says.\",\n \"That’s why your best line of defense is to apply sunscreen every morning. Although you could use a separate sunscreen after your moisturizer, a facial moisturizer with at least 30 SPF (and broad-spectrum protection) will also do the trick.\",\n \"For the record, you can absolutely use your daytime moisturizer at night, even if it has SPF. It’s not going to hurt you and it’s definitely better than nothing. But there are some good reasons to consider using a separate moisturizer at night or even a more intensive night cream.\",\n \"Your skin is in its peak state of repair and rebuilding at night, with the majority of cell turnover and regeneration occurring when your body is in REM sleep. Certain products and ingredients can actually help that process along. Night creams are often packed with ingredients that can help soothe and repair the skin, Dr. Talakoub says, such as peptides and retinol. “They are generally thicker and more nourishing, which is why they’re meant for night use,” she says. Dr. Zeichner adds, “We know that skin hydration levels decline at night, making your nighttime moisturizer an important step.”\",\n \"Finding a great moisturizer is obviously crucial, but if you’re dealing with specific skin concerns, it may be worth it to swap your nightly moisturizer for an overnight mask a few times a month. These masks can be great for adding even more hydration, evening out skin tone, or reducing signs of aging.\",\n \"Consistently using the right type of moisturizer for your skin is the absolute best way to make sure your skin stays hydrated and healthy. But other steps of your skin-care routine can help, too!\",\n \"For instance, serums containing ingredients like glycerin, hyaluronic acid, and squalane provide an extra boost of hydration under your moisturizer. Face mists can help keep your skin feeling refreshed and hydrated during the day. And there are even hydrating cleansers and toners to start you off on the right (and most hydrated) note every morning.\",\n \"All products featured on SELF are independently selected by our editors. If you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.\",\n \"Jenn Sinrich is a Boston-based freelance writer, editor, and content strategist with a passion for all things beauty and health. In addition to SELF, she contributes to publications including TotalBeauty.com, Glam, Women's Health, Marie Claire, PureWow, Parents and Romper.\",\n \"Sarah Jacoby is the Associate News Director at SELF. She's an experienced health and science journalist who is particularly interested in the science of skin care, sexual and reproductive health, drugs and drug policy, and mental health. Sarah is a graduate of NYU's Science, Health, and Environmental Reporting Program and... Read more\",\n \"SELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Any information published on this website or by this brand is not intended as a substitute for medical advice, and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional.\",\n \"Discover new workout ideas, healthy-eating recipes, makeup looks, skin-care advice, the best beauty products and tips, trends, and more from SELF.\",\n \"© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. SELF may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Moisturize Your Face | SELF\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nHow to Moisturize Your Face the Right Way for Healthy, Glowing Skin\\n\\nMore\\n\\nSearch\\n\\n * Fitness\\n\\n * Workouts\\n * Shape Up\\n * Running\\n * Yoga\\n * Food\\n\\n * Healthy Eating\\n * Nutrition\\n * Weight Loss\\n * Recipes\\n * Cooking\\n * Health\\n\\n * Mental Health\\n * Sexual & Reproductive Health\\n * Pregnancy & Motherhood\\n * Sleep\\n * Love\\n\\n * Sex\\n * Relationships\\n * Weddings\\n * Single Life\\n * Breakups\\n * Beauty\\n\\n * Makeup\\n * Hair\\n * Fashion\\n * Nails\\n * Skin\\n * Culture\\n\\n * Career\\n * Money\\n * Travel\\n * Entertainment\\n * Technology\\n * Family\\n * Sports\\n * Politics\\n\\n * Video\\n * Spring Challenge\\n * Workouts\\n * Columnists\\n * Newsletter Signup\\n\\nBeauty\\n\\nSkin\\n\\nBeauty\\n\\nDecember 23, 2019\\n\\nRelated Condition Centers\\n\\n * Dermatology\\n * Acne\\n\\n# How to Moisturize Your Face the Right Way for Healthy, Glowing Skin\\n\\nDerm-approved advice for every skin type.\\n\\nBy Jenn Sinrich and Sarah Jacoby\\n\\nGetty/lisegagne\\n\\nAlong with regularly cleansing and wearing sunscreen, figuring out how to\\nmoisturize your face is one of the most essential steps of any skin-care\\nroutine. But skin experts say far too many people skip this essential piece of\\nthe skin-care puzzle.\\n\\n“Most people are not aware of the importance of skin hydration,” Joyce\\nImahiyerobo-Ip, M.D., director of cosmetic dermatology at South Shore Medical\\nCenter, tells SELF.\\n\\nWhy is it so crucial to moisturize your skin? It comes down to the stratum\\ncorneum, the outer layer of skin. When this layer is functioning properly, it\\nprotects your skin from irritants and inflammation, and it also helps keep the\\ndeeper layers of skin hydrated. The stratum corneum is made up of a few\\ndifferent components, including fatty acids and ceramides, so supplementing\\nyour skin with moisturizers containing those ingredients can ensure that\\neverything is working as it should—and that your skin will be at its happiest\\nand healthiest.\\n\\nAnd, yes, everyone can benefit from moisturizing—even those of you with oily\\nskin. “Those with oily or acne-prone skin fear that moisturizing will only\\nmake [their skin issues] worse, so instead they use harsh products and\\ncleansers to dry their skin out,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. But this can\\nactually be counterproductive because overwashing your skin can actually cause\\nit to produce even more oil. Probably not the goal you’re hoping to achieve.\\n\\nIf you haven’t been able to find a moisturizing routine that works for you,\\nknow that you’re not alone. It’s just about choosing the right product,\\npairing it with your other steps in the right way, and applying it correctly.\\n\\nSo, are you ready to learn how to actually moisturize your face? Check out\\nthese easy ways to make sure you’re moisturizing your face to get the best\\nresults for your skin.\\n\\n## 1\\\\. Patch test before using any new moisturizer.\\n\\nJust as you would swatch a lipstick or eye shadow before buying or applying on\\nyour face, you should do the same for skin-care products as much as possible.\\nIn addition to making sure you like the way the product smells and feels, this\\nhelps ensure that it doesn’t lead to clogged pores, allergic reactions, or\\nbreakouts, Dendy Engelman, M.D., a board-certified dermatologist and cosmetic\\nsurgeon in NYC, tells SELF.\\n\\nBut, with skin-care products, the process is a little bit different: Rather\\nthan testing the product on the back of your hand, apply a small amount on\\nyour inner arm where your skin is thinner and wait a day or two to see if you\\nreact badly to it, SELF explained previously. If you’re worried about a new\\nproduct clogging your pores, apply it to a small area along your jawline to\\nsee if you develop any new pimples before putting it all over your face.\\n\\nIt’s also crucial to check the label for potentially irritating ingredients,\\nlike chemical exfoliants (salicylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, for\\ninstance), retinol, and botanical extracts. These can be irritating to anyone,\\nbut those with sensitive skin are most likely to react to these ingredients as\\nwell as fragrances and preservatives.\\n\\n## 2\\\\. Use a moisturizer that’s right for your skin type.\\n\\n“Just because your best friend likes the feel of a particular product does not\\nmean it will work well for you,” Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic\\nand clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital, tells SELF.\\n“With so many products on the market, you can select the ideal formulation for\\nyour preference—gel, creams, lotions, ointments, and foams can all be\\neffective.” The key is to know which ingredients will best address your\\nindividual skin concerns.\\n\\nAny good moisturizer should contain a combination of hydrating (humectant)\\ningredients that will draw water into the skin and more occlusive ingredients\\nto seal that hydration in. But, depending on your skin type and concerns, you\\nmay need to look for a specific formula or ratio of those ingredients.\\n\\nIf you have dry skin, for example, you may want to use a thicker moisturizer\\nwith ingredients like hyaluronic acid, which is a powerful humectant, along\\nwith ceramides. Check out:\\n\\n * La Roche-Posay Toleriane Double Repair Face Moisturizer SPF 30, $20, Amazon\\n * CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, $17, Dermstore\\n * Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, $24, Ulta\\n\\nBut for those with oily or acne-prone skin, it will be especially important to\\nlook for products that are noncomedogenic or say “oil-free” on the label. You\\nmight also want to look into lighter gel cream formulas, such as:\\n\\n * Simple Gel Moisturizer Ultra Light, $12, Amazon\\n * Peter Thomas Roth Acne-Clear Oil-Free Matt Moisturizer, $38, Sephora\\n * Avène Cleanance MAT Mattifying Emulsion, $25, SkinStore\\n\\n## 3\\\\. Apply your moisturizer to clean, slightly damp skin.\\n\\nAs the back of the bottle says, you should always apply moisturizer to clean\\nskin—and for maximum results, shortly after cleansing, before your skin is\\ntotally dry.\\n\\nMoisturizers are most effective if you use them while your skin is still damp\\nbecause damp skin absorbs the product more readily. That also gives the\\nmoisturizer the chance to lock in that hydration.\\n\\nWhile waiting a few minutes or hours after washing your face before\\nmoisturizing isn’t the worst habit, it does your product and your skin a\\ndisservice. If you find that your routine takes too long for that to work (or\\nyou use other products between cleansing and moisturizing that need time to\\nabsorb), you can try spritzing on a bit of face mist before moisturizing.\\n\\n## 4\\\\. Consider using a facial oil on top of—but not in place of—your\\nmoisturizer.\\n\\nWhile facial oils can be great at soothing dry and irritated skin, they’re\\nusually not enough to replace a standard moisturizer. “Moisturizers contain\\nhumectant ingredients that draw water molecules into the skin, while oil-based\\nproducts contain emollient ingredients that merely treat the skin on a surface\\nlevel,” Lily Talakoub, M.D., dermatologist at McLean Dermatology and Skincare\\nCenter, tells SELF.\\n\\nAdditionally, many facial oils can be great occlusives, SELF explained\\npreviously. So, although they don’t draw water into the skin like an ideal\\nmoisturizer should, they can help keep it in your skin.\\n\\nThat’s why, if you’re interested in using a facial oil, Dr. Talakoub\\nrecommends applying the oil on top of your regular moisturizer. For instance,\\nDr. Talakoub likes Eve Lom Radiance Face Oil ($80, Ulta) layered over the\\nbrand’s Radiance Lift Cream ($95, Bloomingdale’s).\\n\\nHowever, those with oily or acne-prone skin should be wary when using facial\\noils because many of them can clog pores. Again, be sure to patch test before\\nusing these all over your face!\\n\\n## 5\\\\. Layer your products in the right order—but don’t overthink it.\\n\\nThe order in which you use your products can have an effect on how well they\\nwork. In general, “you want to start with the lightest products and work your\\nway up to the thickest product,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. “For example, if you\\nhave acne and are using any acne medicine, your general A.M. routine would be\\nlike this: wash, medicine, moisturizer with sunscreen.” If you use multiple\\ntreatments or serums, again, layer them from thinnest to thickest.\\n\\nThe idea is that, by layering products in this order, the thicker ones won’t\\nprevent the thinner ones from getting to your skin. But, of course, you should\\nfollow your dermatologist’s instructions when using any prescription product.\\nAnd, as SELF explained previously, basically everything becomes a cocktail on\\nyour face ultimately. So, as long as you’re using your moisturizer towards the\\nend of your regimen, you’re probably fine.\\n\\n## 6\\\\. Try using a moisturizer with SPF in the morning.\\n\\nWe can’t stress enough the importance of wearing daily sunscreen—even on\\ncloudy or rainy days when the sun is far from sight. “Even low levels of sun\\nexposure add up over a lifetime and contribute both to the development of skin\\ncancers and premature wrinkling,” Dr. Zeichner says.\\n\\nThat’s why your best line of defense is to apply sunscreen every morning.\\nAlthough you could use a separate sunscreen after your moisturizer, a facial\\nmoisturizer with at least 30 SPF (and broad-spectrum protection) will also do\\nthe trick.\\n\\nProducts to try:\\n\\n * Aveeno Positively Radiant Daily Moisturizer SPF 30, $17, Ulta\\n * Paula’s Choice Essential Glow Moisturizer SPF 30, Paula’s Choice\\n * SkinCeuticals Light Moisture UV Defense SPF 50, $39, Dermstore\\n * EltaMD UV Daily Broad Spectrum Tinted Moisturizer SPF 40, $31, SkinStore\\n * Dermalogica Prisma Protect SPF 30, $65, Ulta\\n\\n## 7\\\\. Consider using a different moisturizer at night.\\n\\nFor the record, you can absolutely use your daytime moisturizer at night, even\\nif it has SPF. It’s not going to hurt you and it’s definitely better than\\nnothing. But there are some good reasons to consider using a separate\\nmoisturizer at night or even a more intensive night cream.\\n\\nYour skin is in its peak state of repair and rebuilding at night, with the\\nmajority of cell turnover and regeneration occurring when your body is in REM\\nsleep. Certain products and ingredients can actually help that process along.\\nNight creams are often packed with ingredients that can help soothe and repair\\nthe skin, Dr. Talakoub says, such as peptides and retinol. “They are generally\\nthicker and more nourishing, which is why they’re meant for night use,” she\\nsays. Dr. Zeichner adds, “We know that skin hydration levels decline at night,\\nmaking your nighttime moisturizer an important step.”\\n\\nProducts to try:\\n\\n * CeraVe PM Face Moisturizer, $16, Ulta\\n * Drunk Elephant Protini Polypeptide Moisturizer, $68, Sephora\\n * Belif The True Cream Aqua Bomb, $38, Sephora\\n * Naturopathica Argan & Retinol Wrinkle Night Repair, $106, Dermstore\\n\\n## 8\\\\. Try using an overnight mask once in a while.\\n\\nFinding a great moisturizer is obviously crucial, but if you’re dealing with\\nspecific skin concerns, it may be worth it to swap your nightly moisturizer\\nfor an overnight mask a few times a month. These masks can be great for adding\\neven more hydration, evening out skin tone, or reducing signs of aging.\\n\\nProducts to try:\\n\\n * Neostrata Exfoliating Overnight Mask, $62, SkinStore\\n * Clinique Moisture Surge Overnight Mask, $36, Ulta\\n * Erno Laszlo HydraTherapy Memory Sleep Mask, $95, SkinStore\\n * Watermelon Glow Sleeping Mask, $45, Glow Recipe\\n * Tony Moly Cat’s Purrfect Night Mask, $19, Ulta\\n * Paula’s Choice Super Hydrate Over Night Mask, $34, Paula’s Choice\\n\\n## 9\\\\. Don’t underestimate the moisturizing powers of your other products.\\n\\nConsistently using the right type of moisturizer for your skin is the absolute\\nbest way to make sure your skin stays hydrated and healthy. But other steps of\\nyour skin-care routine can help, too!\\n\\nFor instance, serums containing ingredients like glycerin, hyaluronic acid,\\nand squalane provide an extra boost of hydration under your moisturizer. Face\\nmists can help keep your skin feeling refreshed and hydrated during the day.\\nAnd there are even hydrating cleansers and toners to start you off on the\\nright (and most hydrated) note every morning.\\n\\nProducts to try:\\n\\n * Murad Hydrating Toner, $34, Sephora\\n * CeraVe Hydrating Face Wash, $14, Amazon\\n * Innisfree Green Tea Hydrating Cleansing Foam, $10, Sephora\\n * PCA SKIN Hyaluronic Acid Boosting Serum, $115, SkinStore\\n * Dermalogica Skin Hydrating Booster, $64, Dermstore\\n * Avène Thermal Spring Water, $14, Dermstore\\n\\nAll products featured on SELF are independently selected by our editors. If\\nyou buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate\\ncommission.\\n\\nRelated:\\n\\n * Your Skin-Care Routine Actually Only Needs These 3 Things\\n * How to Find a Moisturizer That Won’t Leave Your Face a Greasy Mess\\n * Here’s Exactly How and When to Use 5 Basic Skin-Care Staples\\n\\nJenn Sinrich is a Boston-based freelance writer, editor, and content\\nstrategist with a passion for all things beauty and health. In addition to\\nSELF, she contributes to publications including TotalBeauty.com, Glam, Women's\\nHealth, Marie Claire, PureWow, Parents and Romper.\\n\\nSarah Jacoby is the Associate News Director at SELF. She's an experienced\\nhealth and science journalist who is particularly interested in the science of\\nskin care, sexual and reproductive health, drugs and drug policy, and mental\\nhealth. Sarah is a graduate of NYU's Science, Health, and Environmental\\nReporting Program and... Read more\\n\\nSELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Any information\\npublished on this website or by this brand is not intended as a substitute for\\nmedical advice, and you should not take any action before consulting with a\\nhealthcare professional.\\n\\nTopicsskinMoisturizerSkin Care\\n\\n### Sign up for our SELF Healthy Beauty newsletter\\n\\nEasy and totally doable skin-care advice, the best beauty product\\nrecommendations, and more, straight to your inbox every week.\\n\\nDiscover new workout ideas, healthy-eating recipes, makeup looks, skin-care\\nadvice, the best beauty products and tips, trends, and more from SELF.\\n\\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\\nacceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and\\nYour California Privacy Rights. SELF may earn a portion of sales from products\\nthat are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with\\nretailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed,\\ntransmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written\\npermission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511012629/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How Much of Facial Products to Use: Moisturizers, Cleansers, & More\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Whether you choose a gel or a cream cleanser, a dime-sized amount is all you need. For foaming cleanser, one pump should get the job done. Miami dermatologist Alicia Barba, MD, suggests washing once in the morning and twice in the evening if you wear makeup, or only once at night if you don't wear makeup.\",\n \"If you use too much: Overusing anti-acne cleansers can leave your skin dry and irritated. \\\"Using more than a dime-sized amount of any cleanser will cause you to go through product a lot faster, with no extra benefits,\\\" says, Chicago- area dermatologist Amy Forman Taub, MD.\",\n \"If you use too little: \\\"Not using enough cleanser leaves dirt, debris, and makeup on the skin, which can cause clogged pores and lead to breakouts,\\\" says New York City dermatologist Eric Schweiger, MD.\",\n \"A pea-sized amount of serum gives your skin a concentrated boost of ingredients that help with hydration, exfoliation, acne, or dull skin.\",\n \"If you use too much: Using too much of any product leaves active ingredients sitting on your skin. Some, such as exfoliating serum, can lead to stinging or peeling.\",\n \"If you use too little: \\\"If you use too little serum, you will not get the maximal effect,\\\" Barba says.\",\n \"Start with a dab of retinoid product for your entire face. Gradually work your way up to a nickel-sized amount if your skin can tolerate it, Schweiger says.\",\n \"If your skin has trouble adjusting to a retinoid, ease up. Mix it with your moisturizer before applying, and use it only three times a week instead of five.\",\n \"If you use too little: Even just a little bit of retinoid will improve your skin, but it will take longer to see results.\",\n \"If you use too much: Using too much eye cream can leave your skin sensitive, clog your pores, and irritate your eyes. Putting too much on your skin can also make it challenging to apply your makeup.\",\n \"If you use too little: Skimping on eye cream can leave that delicate skin dehydrated and keep makeup from lying on the skin properly, Taub says.\",\n \"If you're using a moisturizer that suits your skin type, a nickel-sized amount should be enough for your whole face.\",\n \"If you use too much: Overdoing moisturizer can make your skin shiny and lead to breakouts. It can also feel heavy on your skin and make it harder to put on your makeup.\",\n \"If you use too little: Your skin may feel tight, flake, and look dull because it's not as hydrated as it could be.\",\n \"Use a grape-sized amount for your face. For the rest of your body, you need enough sunscreen to fit in a shot glass.\",\n \"If you use too much: \\\"Most people don't use enough sunscreen,\\\" Schweiger says. \\\"In this case, there is no such thing as using too much.\\\"\",\n \"If you use too little: You could get sunburn. Over time, you might also get sun-damaged skin that looks old before its time. You could also get skin cancer.\",\n \"A dab is enough to exfoliate. Taub recommends using a scrub with round beads, not jagged edges that could make small tears in your skin.\",\n \"If you use too much: Your skin may become dry, irritated, red, and sore. Other products will sting when you put them on your face.\",\n \"If you use too little: There's no downside.\\\"Scrubs are not mandatory, and they do not make or break a skin care routine,\\\" Barba says.\",\n \"By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How Much of Facial Products to Use: Moisturizers, Cleansers, & More\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n### Healthy Beauty\\n\\n * Home\\n * News\\n * Reference\\n * Slideshows\\n * Quizzes\\n * Videos\\n * Questions & Answers\\n\\n### Healthy Beauty Guide\\n\\n * Cosmetic Surgery\\n * Cosmetics & Makeup\\n * Hair Care\\n * Healthy Nails\\n * Spa Treatments\\n * All Topics\\n\\n### Related Topics\\n\\n * Fitness & Exercise\\n * Hair Loss\\n * Healthy Aging\\n * Skin Problems & Treatments\\n * Psoriasis\\n * Women's Health\\n * More Related Topics\\n\\n * Healthy Beauty\\n\\n * Feature Stories\\n\\n#### Psoriasis: Simple Skin Care Tips\\n\\n# How Much Product Should You Use?\\n\\nBy Paige Herman-Axel\\n\\nFrom the WebMD Archives\\n\\nGet better results from your skin care products by using them the right way.\\n\\nFrom cleansers and serums to moisturizers and more, top dermatologists share\\nguidelines for how much you need to use.\\n\\n## Cleanser\\n\\nWhether you choose a gel or a cream cleanser, a dime-sized amount is all you\\nneed. For foaming cleanser, one pump should get the job done. Miami\\ndermatologist Alicia Barba, MD, suggests washing once in the morning and twice\\nin the evening if you wear makeup, or only once at night if you don't wear\\nmakeup.\\n\\nIf you use too much: Overusing anti-acne cleansers can leave your skin dry and\\nirritated. \\\"Using more than a dime-sized amount of any cleanser will cause you\\nto go through product a lot faster, with no extra benefits,\\\" says, Chicago-\\narea dermatologist Amy Forman Taub, MD.\\n\\nIf you use too little: \\\"Not using enough cleanser leaves dirt, debris, and\\nmakeup on the skin, which can cause clogged pores and lead to breakouts,\\\" says\\nNew York City dermatologist Eric Schweiger, MD.\\n\\n## Serum\\n\\nA pea-sized amount of serum gives your skin a concentrated boost of\\ningredients that help with hydration, exfoliation, acne, or dull skin.\\n\\nIf you use too much: Using too much of any product leaves active ingredients\\nsitting on your skin. Some, such as exfoliating serum, can lead to stinging or\\npeeling.\\n\\nIf you use too little: \\\"If you use too little serum, you will not get the\\nmaximal effect,\\\" Barba says.\\n\\n## Retinoid\\n\\nStart with a dab of retinoid product for your entire face. Gradually work your\\nway up to a nickel-sized amount if your skin can tolerate it, Schweiger says.\\n\\nIf your skin has trouble adjusting to a retinoid, ease up. Mix it with your\\nmoisturizer before applying, and use it only three times a week instead of\\nfive.\\n\\nIf you use too much: Using more than the recommended amount can lead to\\ndryness, redness, and peeling.\\n\\nIf you use too little: Even just a little bit of retinoid will improve your\\nskin, but it will take longer to see results.\\n\\n#### Continued\\n\\n## Eye Cream\\n\\nDon't slather on eye cream. A pea-sized amount for each eye is more than\\nenough.\\n\\nIf you use too much: Using too much eye cream can leave your skin sensitive,\\nclog your pores, and irritate your eyes. Putting too much on your skin can\\nalso make it challenging to apply your makeup.\\n\\nIf you use too little: Skimping on eye cream can leave that delicate skin\\ndehydrated and keep makeup from lying on the skin properly, Taub says.\\n\\n## Moisturizer\\n\\nIf you're using a moisturizer that suits your skin type, a nickel-sized amount\\nshould be enough for your whole face.\\n\\nIf you use too much: Overdoing moisturizer can make your skin shiny and lead\\nto breakouts. It can also feel heavy on your skin and make it harder to put on\\nyour makeup.\\n\\nIf you use too little: Your skin may feel tight, flake, and look dull because\\nit's not as hydrated as it could be.\\n\\n## Sunscreen\\n\\nUse a grape-sized amount for your face. For the rest of your body, you need\\nenough sunscreen to fit in a shot glass.\\n\\nIf you use too much: \\\"Most people don't use enough sunscreen,\\\" Schweiger says.\\n\\\"In this case, there is no such thing as using too much.\\\"\\n\\nIf you use too little: You could get sunburn. Over time, you might also get\\nsun-damaged skin that looks old before its time. You could also get skin\\ncancer.\\n\\n## Facial Scrub\\n\\nA dab is enough to exfoliate. Taub recommends using a scrub with round beads,\\nnot jagged edges that could make small tears in your skin.\\n\\nIf you use too much: Your skin may become dry, irritated, red, and sore. Other\\nproducts will sting when you put them on your face.\\n\\nIf you use too little: There's no downside.\\\"Scrubs are not mandatory, and they\\ndo not make or break a skin care routine,\\\" Barba says.\\n\\nWebMD Feature Reviewed by Debra Jaliman, MD on September 19, 2013\\n\\n#### Sources\\n\\nSOURCES:\\n\\nEric Schweiger, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology, Mount Sinai\\nHospital, New York.\\n\\nAmy Forman Taub, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology, Northwestern\\nUniversity Medical School, Chicago; founder, Advanced Dermatology,\\nLincolnshire, IL.\\n\\nAlicia Barba, MD, Barba Dermatology and Barba Skin Clinic, Miami.\\n\\n© 2013 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\\n\\nPagination\\n\\n### Top Picks\\n\\n * Hair Going Gray? Here’s Why\\n * Makeup Dos and Don’ts\\n * Safest Ways to Straighten Your Hair\\n * Stretch Marks Getting Under Your Skin?\\n\\n### Today on Radiance\\n\\n#### Beauty Oils: Benefits of Coconut, Argan, and More\\n\\nThe benefits of coconut, argan, tea tree and more.\\n\\n#### Sun Safety: Tips to Help Save Your Skin From Damage\\n\\nTips to help save your skin from damage.\\n\\n#### Reduce Wrinkles: 9 Secrets to Smoother Skin\\n\\n9 secrets of smoother skin.\\n\\n### Recommended for You\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Age-Defying Makeup Tricks\\n\\nVideo\\n\\n#### Foot Care Made Simple\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Are You Making These Beauty Mistakes?\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Banish the Bags Under Your Eyes\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Best Styles for Your Hair Type\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Foods for Beautiful Skin\\n\\nQuiz\\n\\n#### Think You Know How to Care for Your Hair?\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Secrets for Stunning Eyes\\n\\n### Tools & Resources\\n\\n * Do You Need a Special Eye Cream?\\n * The Benefits of Botox\\n * Guide to a Perfect Pedi\\n * How Safe is Hair Dye?\\n * When Fashion Hurts\\n * Beauty Time-Savers\\n\\n## Get Skin Care Tips In Your Inbox\\n\\n### Skin care and wellness tips to help you look and feel your best. Sign up\\nfor the Good Health newsletter.\\n\\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\\n\\n### Health Solutions\\n\\n * Discover Immunotherapy\\n * Could I have CAD?\\n * Treat Bent Fingers\\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\\n * Tired of Dandruff?\\n * Life with Cancer\\n * Rethink MS Treatment\\n * AFib-Related Strokes\\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\\n * Is My Penis Normal?\\n * Relapsing MS Options\\n * Give the Gift of Life\\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\\n * Bent Finger Causes\\n * Living With Psoriasis?\\n * Missing Teeth?\\n\\n### More from WebMD\\n\\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\\n\\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\\n\\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\\n\\nSee additional information.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211216182832/https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Feel overwhelmed when you want to buy skin moisturizer for your dry skin? That’s no surprise, as there are dozens to choose from at the drugstore and hundreds more at high-end cosmetics and department stores — creams, lotions, ointments, some with sunscreen, others with an exfoliant. Choices range from the basic $1.50 jar of petroleum jelly to a $500 five-ounce tub of designer skin moisturizer. And all the options in between can make your head spin.\",\n \"While choosing the right skin moisturizer may seem confusing, it’s actually very simple if you follow a few guidelines, says dermatologist Monica Halem, MD, of ColumbiaDoctors Eastside in New York City. Dr. Halem’s first rule of thumb? Don’t spend too much money.\",\n \"Cleansers and moisturizers are the most important skin products, particularly for softening dry skin. A skin moisturizer works by sealing moisture into the outer layer of the skin and by pulling moisture from the inner layers of skin to the outer layer.\",\n \"Key ingredients that seal in moisture are petrolatum, mineral oil, lanolin, and dimethicone. Glycerin, propylene glycol, proteins, urea, and vitamins help attract water into the outer layer of the skin.\",\n \"Some skin moisturizers also contain an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), which exfoliates dead skin, says Francesca Fusco, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City and a spokeswoman for the Skin Cancer Foundation. AHAs are a good choice if you have very dry skin.\",\n \"It may take some trial and error, Halem says, so be patient. Follow these guidelines as you shop and, if you’re not getting the results you want, try a new one the next time:\",\n \"Note the first five ingredients. Look for common active ingredients, such as lanolin, glycerin, or petrolatum, Dr. Fusco says. Glycerin is less likely than lanolin to cause an allergic reaction, she says. She also recommends picking a moisturizer that’s made by a reputable company.\",\n \"Go for added sunscreen. Protecting your skin from harmful sun damage is one of the best things you can do to keep your skin looking young, so buy a moisturizer with a sun protection factor of at least 30. You’ll have to do some searching, but more companies are offering face and body moisturizers with sunscreen, Halem says.\",\n \"Make it skin-type appropriate. The skin on your face is thinner and more sensitive, so it’s a good idea to use a different moisturizer on your face than you do on your body, Fusco says and recommends buying one that’s labeled “non-comedogenic” because it won’t clog your pores. Of course, choose one that’s right for your skin type. If you know you have sensitive skin, it’s always a good idea to look for a moisturizer labeled hypoallergenic. If you have oily skin, go with a light, oil-free moisturizer. If you have dry skin, get something richer. And if you have combination skin, go with a lighter moisturizer for your whole face and dot drier areas with a heavier cream, Fusco says. Keep in mind that you may need a lighter lotion in the summer, and a cream or ointment in the winter.\",\n \"Consider using a moisturizer with retinol before bed. Retinol is vitamin A for your skin, Halem says. It works by increasing the speed at which your skin cells turn over. You can find it over the counter or by prescription, but use it carefully as it may cause a skin irritation, red skin, or dry skin.\",\n \"If your skin is very dry, consider a prescription moisturizer. Prescription moisturizers contain the AHA lactic acid, which softens the top layer of your skin and can do a better job if over-the-counter moisturizers aren’t working for you, Fusco says. AHAs such as lactic acid and glycolic acid can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Tell your doctor if you experience burning, irritation, red skin, itching, or a rash.\",\n \"Another prescription option is a barrier cream, which contains humectants that hold on to moisture longer, Fusco says. Barrier creams penetrate a little deeper than standard moisturizers, she adds.\",\n \"Once you find the right product, moisturize every day and you’ll go a long way toward preventing dry skin and even camouflaging wrinkles. While a skin moisturizer can’t get rid of wrinkles — because wrinkles begin much deeper in the skin due to collagen loss — it can plump up the skin and minimize their appearance, Halem says.\",\n \"Whichever moisturizer you choose, it will work better if you apply it to damp skin. Think about a sponge that’s dried out, Fusco says. If you put moisturizer on it, it won’t go anywhere. But if you soak the sponge in water and coat it with moisturizer, the sponge will absorb it. Your skin works the same way, happily lapping it up.\",\n \"These newer personal care products promise to fight germs and prevent dry skin. Here’s what board-certified dermatologists think of them.\",\n \"Do you need to shower every day? Wash your hands with scalding-hot water? Here's the dirt, according to health experts.\",\n \"Lab tests suggest that more than half of cosmetics sold in the United States and Canada may contain high levels of the chemical. U.S. legislators recently...\",\n \"A renowned plastic surgeon, recognized as a Castle Connolly Top Doctor, discusses the factors that affect our skin’s appearance, and how patients can ...\",\n \"A bellwether state for federal efforts, California just became the first in the nation to ban certain chemicals from cosmetics and personal-care ingredients...\",\n \"© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer | Everyday Health\\n\\nSkin & Beauty\\n\\n# How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer\\n\\nKnowing what your skin needs will help you make the right decision. (Hint:\\nChoose one with sunscreen.)\\n\\nBy Marie SuszynskiMedically Reviewed by Lindsey Marcellin, MD, MPH\\n\\nReviewed: June 25, 2010\\n\\nMedically Reviewed\\n\\nShutterstock\\n\\nFeel overwhelmed when you want to buy skin moisturizer for your dry skin?\\nThat’s no surprise, as there are dozens to choose from at the drugstore and\\nhundreds more at high-end cosmetics and department stores — creams, lotions,\\nointments, some with sunscreen, others with an exfoliant. Choices range from\\nthe basic $1.50 jar of petroleum jelly to a $500 five-ounce tub of designer\\nskin moisturizer. And all the options in between can make your head spin.\\n\\nWhile choosing the right skin moisturizer may seem confusing, it’s actually\\nvery simple if you follow a few guidelines, says dermatologist Monica Halem,\\nMD, of ColumbiaDoctors Eastside in New York City. Dr. Halem’s first rule of\\nthumb? Don’t spend too much money.\\n\\nHow a Skin Moisturizer Works\\n\\nCleansers and moisturizers are the most important skin products, particularly\\nfor softening dry skin. A skin moisturizer works by sealing moisture into the\\nouter layer of the skin and by pulling moisture from the inner layers of skin\\nto the outer layer.\\n\\nKey ingredients that seal in moisture are petrolatum, mineral oil, lanolin,\\nand dimethicone. Glycerin, propylene glycol, proteins, urea, and vitamins help\\nattract water into the outer layer of the skin.\\n\\nSome skin moisturizers also contain an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), which\\nexfoliates dead skin, says Francesca Fusco, MD, assistant clinical professor\\nof dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City and a\\nspokeswoman for the Skin Cancer Foundation. AHAs are a good choice if you have\\nvery dry skin.\\n\\nFinding the Skin Moisturizer For You\\n\\nIt may take some trial and error, Halem says, so be patient. Follow these\\nguidelines as you shop and, if you’re not getting the results you want, try a\\nnew one the next time:\\n\\n * Note the first five ingredients. Look for common active ingredients, such as lanolin, glycerin, or petrolatum, Dr. Fusco says. Glycerin is less likely than lanolin to cause an allergic reaction, she says. She also recommends picking a moisturizer that’s made by a reputable company.\\n * Go for added sunscreen. Protecting your skin from harmful sun damage is one of the best things you can do to keep your skin looking young, so buy a moisturizer with a sun protection factor of at least 30. You’ll have to do some searching, but more companies are offering face and body moisturizers with sunscreen, Halem says.\\n * Make it skin-type appropriate. The skin on your face is thinner and more sensitive, so it’s a good idea to use a different moisturizer on your face than you do on your body, Fusco says and recommends buying one that’s labeled “non-comedogenic” because it won’t clog your pores. Of course, choose one that’s right for your skin type. If you know you have sensitive skin, it’s always a good idea to look for a moisturizer labeled hypoallergenic. If you have oily skin, go with a light, oil-free moisturizer. If you have dry skin, get something richer. And if you have combination skin, go with a lighter moisturizer for your whole face and dot drier areas with a heavier cream, Fusco says. Keep in mind that you may need a lighter lotion in the summer, and a cream or ointment in the winter.\\n * Consider using a moisturizer with retinol before bed. Retinol is vitamin A for your skin, Halem says. It works by increasing the speed at which your skin cells turn over. You can find it over the counter or by prescription, but use it carefully as it may cause a skin irritation, red skin, or dry skin.\\n\\nRelief by Prescription\\n\\nIf your skin is very dry, consider a prescription moisturizer. Prescription\\nmoisturizers contain the AHA lactic acid, which softens the top layer of your\\nskin and can do a better job if over-the-counter moisturizers aren’t working\\nfor you, Fusco says. AHAs such as lactic acid and glycolic acid can cause an\\nallergic reaction in some people. Tell your doctor if you experience burning,\\nirritation, red skin, itching, or a rash.\\n\\nAnother prescription option is a barrier cream, which contains humectants that\\nhold on to moisture longer, Fusco says. Barrier creams penetrate a little\\ndeeper than standard moisturizers, she adds.\\n\\nWhen to Moisturize\\n\\nOnce you find the right product, moisturize every day and you’ll go a long way\\ntoward preventing dry skin and even camouflaging wrinkles. While a skin\\nmoisturizer can’t get rid of wrinkles — because wrinkles begin much deeper in\\nthe skin due to collagen loss — it can plump up the skin and minimize their\\nappearance, Halem says.\\n\\nWhichever moisturizer you choose, it will work better if you apply it to damp\\nskin. Think about a sponge that’s dried out, Fusco says. If you put\\nmoisturizer on it, it won’t go anywhere. But if you soak the sponge in water\\nand coat it with moisturizer, the sponge will absorb it. Your skin works the\\nsame way, happily lapping it up.\\n\\nGet more tips for dry winter skin.\\n\\nNEWSLETTERS\\n\\nSign up for our Healthy Skin Newsletter!\\n\\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\\n\\n## The Latest in Skin & Beauty\\n\\n### Do Hand Sanitizer Lotions Actually Work?\\n\\nThese newer personal care products promise to fight germs and prevent dry\\nskin. Here’s what board-certified dermatologists think of them.\\n\\nBy Leah GrothDecember 3, 2021\\n\\n### What Is Niacinamide? Health Benefits, Usage, Supplements, Side Effects,\\nand More\\n\\nBy Jessica MigalaOctober 26, 2021\\n\\n### Smart Health: I Tried the Opte Precision Skincare Device for My Dark Spots\\n— and Here’s What Happened\\n\\nBy Leah GrothSeptember 14, 2021\\n\\n### 5 Common Hygiene Myths You Shouldn’t Believe\\n\\nDo you need to shower every day? Wash your hands with scalding-hot water?\\nHere's the dirt, according to health experts.\\n\\nBy Leah GrothAugust 10, 2021\\n\\n### Which Collagen Sources Should You Try?\\n\\nFrom powders and gummies to foods and topicals, here’s a list of collagen\\nsources ranked from best to worst.\\n\\nBy Jessica MigalaJuly 20, 2021\\n\\n### Potentially Toxic Chemicals Called PFAS Are Common in Cosmetics, Study\\nFinds\\n\\nLab tests suggest that more than half of cosmetics sold in the United States\\nand Canada may contain high levels of the chemical. U.S. legislators\\nrecently...\\n\\nBy Lisa RapaportJune 22, 2021\\n\\n### 6 Places You're Missing When You Apply Sunscreen\\n\\nNo matter how thorough your SPF routine, these are the spots experts say are\\noften overlooked.\\n\\nBy Moira LawlerMay 14, 2021\\n\\n### Ask a Castle Connolly Top Doctor: How Aging and Gravity Affect Your Skin\\n\\nA renowned plastic surgeon, recognized as a Castle Connolly Top Doctor,\\ndiscusses the factors that affect our skin’s appearance, and how patients can\\n...\\n\\nBy February 11, 2021\\n\\n### Clean Beauty 101: A Comprehensive Guide\\n\\nBy Jessica MigalaJanuary 29, 2021\\n\\n### California Bans 24 Toxic Chemicals From Personal-Care Products: What to\\nKnow\\n\\nA bellwether state for federal efforts, California just became the first in\\nthe nation to ban certain chemicals from cosmetics and personal-care\\ningredients...\\n\\nBy Rachel Jacoby ZoldanJanuary 14, 2021\\n\\nMost Helpful\\n\\n### 10 Natural Dry-Skin Remedies You Can DIY at Home\\n\\n### 8 Habits That May Contribute to Premature Skin Aging\\n\\n### 10 Surprising Causes of Dry Skin\\n\\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Careers\\n * Editorial Policy\\n * Newsletters\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Health News\\n * Accessibility Statement\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Contact Us\\n * Feedback\\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\\n * Popular Topics\\n * AdChoice\\n\\nNEWSLETTERS\\n\\nGet the best in health and wellness\\n\\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\\n\\nA PROPERTY OFEHGLogo\\n\\nMore From Everyday Health: Castle Connolly Top DoctorsMigraine AgainDailyOM\\n\\n© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally\\nregistered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third\\nparties without explicit permission.\\n\\nBadgesBadgesBadgesBadgesBadges\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":382,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":8710520,"string":"8,710,520"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make Pumpkin Seeds in the Oven"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"After you've cut up your pumpkin and removed the seeds, spread them out evenly on a baking sheet. Drizzle olive oil over the seeds to add flavor and help seasoning stick better. To make salt and vinegar seeds, sprinkle 1 teaspoon of salt and 2 to 3 tablespoons of balsamic vinegar over them. If you'd rather have a sesame ginger taste, cover the seeds with sesame oil, soy sauce, sugar, and ground ginger. To roast the seeds, place them in the oven for 15 minutes at 300 °F. If they're not golden brown, cook the seeds for another 5 minutes."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20180324005612/http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds","http://web.archive.org/web/20220112044409/https://www.pillsbury.com/everyday-eats/snacks/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds","http://web.archive.org/web/20210705150909/https://ohsheglows.com/2012/09/17/how-to-roast-perfect-pumpkin-seeds-easy-crunchy-addictive/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190125061640/https://www.bettycrocker.com/how-to/tipslibrary/ingredients/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180324005612/http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20220112044409/https://www.pillsbury.com/everyday-eats/snacks/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210705150909/https://ohsheglows.com/2012/09/17/how-to-roast-perfect-pumpkin-seeds-easy-crunchy-addictive/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190125061640/https://www.bettycrocker.com/how-to/tipslibrary/ingredients/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2603,"string":"2,603"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180324005612/http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds","parsed_text":{"title":"Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds","passages":["Even as a kid, I was never much for candy. After dressing up and trick-or- treating, my favorite thing about Halloween was when Mom would roast the pumpkin seeds. They were delicious, although much harder to get at since they weren’t shelled! Halloween was my one and only experience with pumpkin seeds, until I moved to Texas where I was introduced to the wonderful world of “pepitas.” Spiced, toasted, raw and more, there they were again. My favorite little Halloween treat, only shelled and prepared in ways Mom never dreamed of!","You probably know that pumpkins are native to North America. But did you know they were part of the native diet for literally thousands of years, especially in the Southwest? Every part of the pumpkin was used for food, including the seeds. Even the Native Americans could not resist that sweet, subtle flavor! They were also very well aware of the great benefit to the body that came to them from eating those pumpkins, including the seeds. Native Americans even used the seeds for medicinal purposes. Small and light green in color, these little guys have an impressive nutritional profile. In about 3 1⁄2 tablespoons (one ounce), you get:","5.4 grams of gamma-tocopherol , a form of vitamin E that helps to prevent oxidation of fats and provides antioxidant activity","Although pumpkin seeds make a great snack, they are so much more versatile. For added flavor, toast shelled seeds in a dry skillet for about 5 minutes over medium heat, stirring (almost) constantly. Watch carefully so they don’t burn! Or, roast the shelled seeds in your oven at 325°F for about 20 to 25 minutes. Here are some fun and unique ways you can add pumpkin seeds to your menu:","This recipe for Roasted Pumpkin Seeds is almost identical to what Mom used to make from our Jack-o-Lantern pumpkin every Halloween.","Roast or toast with seasonings such as chili powder, cayenne, cumin, coriander and any other spice that suits your fancy! This Spicy Tamari Pumpkin Seeds recipe is just what I’m talking about.","Roast with dried herbs such as thyme, oregano, parsley and rosemary. (Roasting with dried herbs and parmesan or Romano cheese is an out-of-this-world experience!)","They’re great as a garnish for beef or vegetable stew. Here is a great recipe for Guatemalan Chicken Stew with Tomatillo Sauce.","Add them to muffins, pancakes, cookies, granola and other baked goods such as this recipe for Flax and Pumpkin Seed Corn Bread.","Roast or toast and garnish salads, slaw and even Caesar salad! Try this idea for Roasted Corn and Tomato Pasta Salad or this idea for a Fall Greens Salad with Pumpkin Seeds and Asiago.","Add to pesto sauce in place of or along with pine nuts. That’s what we did with our recipe for Pumpkin Seed Pesto.","Remember that pumpkin seeds are packed with polyunsaturated fat. That means their oils are sensitive and can go rancid quickly. If you store them in the refrigerator in an air-tight container, they will keep for up to six months, and in the freezer for up to a year. Toasted or roasted seeds should always be kept cold as the oils are more susceptible to rancidity once cooked. If not refrigerated, keep them air-tight and use them within six to eight weeks of purchasing. Do you love pumpkin seeds, too? Got a favorite recipe? Let me know!","As the world’s leading natural and organic grocer we’re all about healthy food and a healthy planet, and we've got bunches of passionate people in our community doing incredible things. Join in the conversation!","We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account."]},"parsed_md":"Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds | Whole Foods Market\n\nSkip to main content\n\nWhole Foods Market\n\nWholeFoods Market\n\n## Main navigation\n\nMain Menu\n\n# Whole Story\n\nThe Official Whole Foods Market® Blog\n\nHome » Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds\n\n## Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds\n\nTweet\n\nBy Alana Sugar, October 25, 2010 | More posts by Alana Sugar\n\n## 83_roasted_pumpkin_seeds_0.jpg\n\nEven as a kid, I was never much for candy. After dressing up and trick-or-\ntreating, my favorite thing about Halloween was when Mom would roast the\npumpkin seeds. They were delicious, although much harder to get at since they\nweren’t shelled! Halloween was my one and only experience with pumpkin seeds,\nuntil I moved to Texas where I was introduced to the wonderful world of\n“pepitas.” Spiced, toasted, raw and more, there they were again. My favorite\nlittle Halloween treat, only shelled and prepared in ways Mom never dreamed\nof!\n\n## chicken_molepumpkinseed_0.jpg\n\nYou probably know that pumpkins are native to North America. But did you know\nthey were part of the native diet for literally thousands of years, especially\nin the Southwest? Every part of the pumpkin was used for food, including the\nseeds. Even the Native Americans could not resist that sweet, subtle flavor!\nThey were also very well aware of the great benefit to the body that came to\nthem from eating those pumpkins, including the seeds. Native Americans even\nused the seeds for medicinal purposes. Small and light green in color, these\nlittle guys have an impressive nutritional profile. In about 3 1⁄2 tablespoons\n(one ounce), you get:\n\n * 7 grams of protein\n * 2 mgs of zinc\n * 4 mgs of iron\n * 5.4 grams of gamma-tocopherol , a form of vitamin E that helps to prevent oxidation of fats and provides antioxidant activity\n * Phytosterols – plant compounds which may help keep cholesterol levels healthy\n\n## 537_fall_greens_salad_0.jpg\n\nAlthough pumpkin seeds make a great snack, they are so much more versatile.\nFor added flavor, toast shelled seeds in a dry skillet for about 5 minutes\nover medium heat, stirring (almost) constantly. Watch carefully so they don’t\nburn! Or, roast the shelled seeds in your oven at 325°F for about 20 to 25\nminutes. Here are some fun and unique ways you can add pumpkin seeds to your\nmenu:\n\n * This recipe for Roasted Pumpkin Seeds is almost identical to what Mom used to make from our Jack-o-Lantern pumpkin every Halloween.\n * Roast or toast with seasonings such as chili powder, cayenne, cumin, coriander and any other spice that suits your fancy! This Spicy Tamari Pumpkin Seeds recipe is just what I’m talking about.\n * Roast with dried herbs such as thyme, oregano, parsley and rosemary. (Roasting with dried herbs and parmesan or Romano cheese is an out-of-this-world experience!)\n\n## 2388_guatemalan_chicken_stew_0.jpg\n\n * Don’t forget the sweet spices, too: Cinnamon, nutmeg, cardamom, cloves and allspice.\n * Roast or toast and garnish grain dishes, breakfast cereals and pilafs.\n * Roast or toast and garnish roasted root vegetables, steamed vegetables or sautéed vegetables.\n * Roast or toast and garnish soups such as corn, pumpkin, butternut squash or vegetable.\n * They’re great as a garnish for beef or vegetable stew. Here is a great recipe for Guatemalan Chicken Stew with Tomatillo Sauce.\n * Roast or toast and garnish enchiladas, tacos, chalupas, tamales and migas.\n * Add them to muffins, pancakes, cookies, granola and other baked goods such as this recipe for Flax and Pumpkin Seed Corn Bread.\n * Grind them up and add them to specialty sauces such as Mole. Here’s a Pumpkin Seed Mole with Chicken.\n * Roast or toast and garnish salads, slaw and even Caesar salad! Try this idea for Roasted Corn and Tomato Pasta Salad or this idea for a Fall Greens Salad with Pumpkin Seeds and Asiago.\n * Make trail mix and add pumpkin seeds.\n * Throw a small handful into a smoothie with fruit or yogurt.\n\n## 1991_pumpkin_seed_pesto_0.jpg\n\n * Roast or toast and garnish ice cream, yogurt, fresh fruit salads or non-dairy desserts.\n * Incredibly yummy as a garnish on dark chocolate cake!\n * Cook whole grain pasta; toss with olive oil, garlic, Reggiano Parmesan and roasted pumpkin seeds.\n * Add to pesto sauce in place of or along with pine nuts. That’s what we did with our recipe for Pumpkin Seed Pesto.\n * ADD THEM TO CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIES. YOU WILL NEVER LOOK BACK!\n\nRemember that pumpkin seeds are packed with polyunsaturated fat. That means\ntheir oils are sensitive and can go rancid quickly. If you store them in the\nrefrigerator in an air-tight container, they will keep for up to six months,\nand in the freezer for up to a year. Toasted or roasted seeds should always be\nkept cold as the oils are more susceptible to rancidity once cooked. If not\nrefrigerated, keep them air-tight and use them within six to eight weeks of\npurchasing. Do you love pumpkin seeds, too? Got a favorite recipe? Let me\nknow!\n\n## Related Posts\n\nTry the Trend: Dutch Baby Pancakes\n\n6 Mediterranean-Inspired Recipes for Spring\n\n5 Irish-inspired Recipes to Celebrate St. Patrick’s Day\n\nSweet and Saucy: Fruit Salsas for Spring Fish Dishes\n\nLooking for More Than 3.14 Ways to Celebrate National Pi Day?\n\nHow to Make Dinner in 30 Minutes or Less\n\nTry the Trend: Salad Rolls\n\n#SelfCare Isn't Just for Sundays: One Nutritionist's Cozy Menu\n\nYour 4-Step Guide to Making Juice at Home\n\nYour New Secret Winter Ingredient: Tea\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n## SmartSweets-Tara-Founder_lead.jpg\n\nSupplier Stories: SmartSweets and Its Stevia-sweetened Gummy Bears\n\n## theoliveandmango_Dutchbaby.jpg\n\nTry the Trend: Dutch Baby Pancakes\n\n## Beauty_Bag_2018_Horizontal_98.jpg\n\nA Big, Beautiful Sale, Plus the Limited Edition Beauty Bag You Need\n\n## Chilled Barley Salad with Spicy Hummus Dressing.jpg\n\n6 Mediterranean-Inspired Recipes for Spring\n\n## sodabread3.jpg\n\n5 Irish-inspired Recipes to 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All that seed cleaning and pumpkin de-stringing – I didn’t even get to enjoy the fruits of my labour. Hrmph.","Here is the part that no one told me about: The inner seeds cook much faster than the outer shell. I kept peeking in the oven and everything looked fine on the outside. Little did I know, the inner seeds were burnt to smithereens.","Well, thank goodness I didn’t give up after that first miserable attempt! My life just wouldn’t be complete without roasted pumpkin seeds.","I’m happy to say, the second batch didn’t just work, it blew my mind! The cup of seeds I roasted did not last long between the two of us. Every pass by the kitchen was an excuse to grab a crispy handful off the pan.","Today, I’m sharing my secrets for a fantastic batch of roasted pumpkin seeds. If you’ve ever doubted they were worth the effort or had so-so results, I beg you to try this one last time. Only I know it won’t be the last time, but the start of a life-long obsession. Watch out pumpkins, we’re coming for ya!","1. Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to meticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The best way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk the seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it apart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster this way.","Note: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than carving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super crispy!","2. Boil for 10 minutes in salt water. Using Elise’s method for inspiration, I added the pumpkin seeds to a medium-sized pot of water along with 1 tsp salt. Bring it to a boil and reduce the heat to simmer, uncovered, for about 10 minutes over low-medium heat. Apparently, this method helps make the pumpkin seeds easier to digest and produces a crispy outer shell during roasting. If you are short on time, you can totally skip this step! They will still turn out lovely.","3. Drain the seeds in a colander and dry lightly with a paper towel or tea towel. The seeds will stick to the towel, but just rub them off with your fingers. Don’t worry, they don’t have to be bone dry – just a light pat down.","4. Spread seeds onto a baking sheet and drizzle with extra virgin olive oil (I only needed to use about 1/2-1 tsp). Massage oil into seeds and add a generous sprinkle of Herbamare (or fine grain sea salt will do). Try to spread out the seeds as thin as possible with minor overlapping.","5. Roast seeds at 325F for 10 minutes. Remove from oven and stir. Roast for another 8-10 minutes (if your oven temp is wonky, this bake time could vary a lot!). During the last 5 minutes of roasting, remove a few seeds and crack open to make sure the inner seeds are not burning (you don’t want the inner seed brown). Cool a couple and pop them into your mouth to test. They are ready when the shell is super crispy and easy to bite through. The inner seed should have only a hint of golden tinge to it. They should not be brown.","6. EAT! Remove from oven, add a bit more Herbamare, and dig in! Ah, so good, so good! There is no need to remove the outer shell; it’s quite possibly the best part.","I had no idea I was going to love freshly roasted pumpkin seeds so much. I love how crispy the outer shell is and how fun it is to crunch. They taste a bit like popcorn, but they are much crunchier, filling, and of course packed with nutrition.","Yes, pumpkin seeds are super healthy for you! They are packed with iron, magnesium, fibre, zinc, potassium, healthy fats, protein, and tryptophan (which can boost your mood and help you sleep). Vegans & vegetarians have been using pumpkin seeds for years as a natural source of iron. I think it’s just about my favourite way to get iron, next to Iron Woman Gingerbread Smoothies, of course. Be sure to pair it with Vitamin C to absorb the most iron you can.","I want to buy pumpkins just to be able to roast another batch of seeds. And of course, make homemade pumpkin puree. I’m already looking forward to making some different flavour combos – maybe garlic powder, cayenne, rosemary, brown sugar or cinnamon, nutmeg, ground cloves, etc would both be nice to try out? I can’t wait to experiment...many ideas are a-swirlin’ in my...stomach.","Thanks for the recipe! It worked out great. I divided the pan when I seasoned the seeds: 1/4 sea salt, 1/4 salt & garlic powder and 1/2 Old Bay seasoning. Guess which one I hoped what the best? (It was)!","I just wanted to mention for your pumpkin seeds a great topping with some kick to it, is sprinkling on some Clubhouse spices in Chipotle, so delicious, i also use this on kale chips, gives you awesome taste and if you like a bit of heat with your chips.","I just made these. I’ve never done them before and I must say it was very easy to do and the seeds are delicious. I will definately do them again.","How do you store them so they stay crunchy? They turned out super crunchy from the oven. I let them cool completely, and then put them into a plastic container but they were soft and chewy the next day.","I’ve never been able to get roasted pumpkin seeds to work...these worked and are soooo good. I agree they taste like popcorn!","Oh dear Lord, you are my hero. I’ve been sitting here for about 15 minutes looking up various ways to toast/roast pumpkin seeds and I’ve seen everything from “cook for ten minutes” to “cook for 45 minutes.” I don’t even want to know what those 45 minute ones will look like. But then as I’m continuing in my Google search I see, “The first time I toasted pumpkin seeds I burnt the crap out of them.” FINALLY, someone who speaks my language! Oh my, you had me laughing from the get-go. You are now a permanent bookmark, go-to, “what’s for dinner?” landmark in my computer. Thank you, thank you for making my day and keeping it real!","All squash seeds are good roasted – today I have acorn squash seeds. And cumin, garlic powder and cayenne. Yum.","Made these tonight and they turned out great. Whenever I roasted pumpkin seeds before I always burned them. Thank you! I never knew about boiling them first.","Delicious. It took another 10 minutes; total 20 to cook. Tried sprinkling garlic powder on some, cayenne pepper on another section and sea salt on the rest. Each has a unique and great aftertaste. Thank you for the clear directions.","I used this on pumpkin seeds last fall (fabulous results) but have been using it on my butternut squash seeds after making soup and it’s every bit as tasty — love it!","Mine are in the oven right now and I just taste tested....the outer part of the seed is like a hard shell.....its like biting into a shell.....the middle tastes good have I done something wrong?","Hey how about cleaning the seeds, boiling in water to clean off, then adding back a LITTLE of the pumpkin gook for flavor? am I overthinking this? but i do like the flavor the gunk provides but then they take a long to bake AND they run risk of overcooking.... i’ve used soy sauce with some sciracha and they were quite good..","Just don’t clean or boil them. Remove chunks and strings off seeds but leave gook on for flavour. I add a little salt and nothing else. Let then dry out good on a tray for a day a couple of days, stirring occasionally to keep then from sticking to the tray and each other. Then slow roast at 250 for a couple of hours. Finish at a higher heat for a few minutes if you like them a bit browner.","I wasn’t definitely in the category of burnt them the first time around. I hope I have better luck next time!","just used this recipe and it was perfect!!! the tip about boiling the seeds before putting them in the oven was great....they may or may not have been eaten in one sitting........ thanks!!!","Perfection! Thanks for saving halloween .... these are my treat to myself this year because I’m off sugar right now. :)","Here is what i am doing with pumpkin and squash seeds for a long time. Once the seeds are roasted and cooled, I grind it to a powder form. This PPS (pumpkin powdered seeds) are transferred into a glass jar and in one of the small glass containers that is typically used for spices. I use PPS, and you may wish to use it, as an additive into many cooked and cold meals, serials, drinks, smoothies, yogurts, kefirs, over the bread spreads, all at your choice. Just shake the container (something like a salt shaker) and insert or spray the PPS over the meals/drinks as desirable. I also combine the PPS with other plants and fruits powders in one container. One of my favorite, which few other people also like it, is a mixture of PPS and roasted powdered hemp seeds with 2% of spearmint powder or with 2% of xylitol natural sweetener. For those of you who did not know, Xylitol actually kills bacteria in mouth and its degree of sweetness is equal to that of regular sugar.","Hello, I want to thank you for helping me make truly addictive seeds!!! I just took them out of the oven and I can’t stop eating them!!! I did, however, do something a little different from your recipe. I let them dry out completely over night. They are so crispy and delicious. They also didn’t take very long to roast. I’m so glad I bought 6 pie pumpkins!! There will be so many to go around!! Thanks again!!! Robin","I have tried multiple different cooking methods for pumpkin seeds: boil in salt water first, don’t boil, roast at high temp for a short time or lower temp for longer time... in all cases, the seeds I get from my small sweet cooking pumpkins come out so woody that we cannot eat them.. they all end up in the garbage.. any clues? I have spent hours on the internet reading different things and none really address this well.. one person was even a bit snotty and commented “maybe you don’t really like pumpkin seeds?”! I have bought them seasoned in the States and used them on salads and none were woody and inedible like the ones I’m trying to make (and yes, the ones I bought still had the shells on..)","Hey Jean, Wow, I’m really not sure why that keeps happening to you despite trying out all different kinds of methods. How strange! Could it be that you prefer pepita seeds (which are shelled pumpkin seeds) rather than the whole pumpkin seeds? Pepitas are light to dark green and much softer","Jean, I just saw your note in passing and thought I would comment even though its been a year since you raised the question. There are multiple species in the pumpkin/squash family, and many selected varieties in each. Seeds vary by species from thin-shelled like pictured in this post, to some that are very blocky and thick-shelled. On the latter, I shell each seed as I’m eating them, like I do sunflower seeds. On the former, I find the shell tolerable to eat. Maybe you have had one of the ones with the woody, thick-shelled seeds? My personal favorite are the “naked-seeded” varieties, which I have grown in my garden. They grow no hull on the seed at all! But the trade-off is that the flesh of the pumpkin is very bland.","In the process of roasting seeds – going to give it another try. To clean, I threw the seeds into a ziplock bag with a bit of water, sealed it up and rubbed the baggie on the counter top. The pulp cane off very quickly. Added a little more water to the bag to get some space between pulp and seeds, and voila less than 2 minutes and i’m Scooping the floating seeds from the baggie! Clean and easy!","These were brilliant, I also added a bit of sugar to the final product to add a bit of a sweeter vibe and this is great because it means I don’t have to throw away the seeds!","NOOOOOOOO don’t take away the flavor! My seeds go out of pumpkin, out of guts, on to oiled cookie pan, salt cayenne pepper, into oven. Pumpkin “slime”? I love it, the seeds taste so much better. All the cleaning in really unnecessary, the seeds do not need it, nor do they need drying, or any other treatment. Really it is just that easy.","I’ve since tried them this way and I have to say this method is delicious! I’ll have to update my post.","I used this recipe to add a roasted pumpkin seed roof to my gingerbread house. They made perfect shingles for the roof.","I’ve been using this recipe for several years now, since I found it on Google. Whenever I follow it right (I’ve been accidentally using waaaaay too much olive oil; a little goes a lot farther than I think!), it makes absolutely fantastic pumpkin scenes! Last year, I made garlic powder with cayenne pepper and loved","Great recipe and instructions. I thought roasting pumpkin seeds would be super simply. The first time I made them, I did not look up for any directions. Dump in the pan and roast. I got burnt seeds. These instructions worked perfectly and the seeds were sooooo good.","Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to meticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The best way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk the seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it apart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster this way.","Note: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than carving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super crispy!","seeds is to play around with the pumpkin guts! My nephews and I were carving a pumpkin and we accidentally discovered this. They’re 4, 5, and 11 so you can easily figure out how we came up with this. Throw it all in a bowl using a knife to help cut them out. After you get the strings and seeds in a bowl, just play with it. Mash it, string it through your fingers, squish it up with your hands, whatever! My nephews pretended they were smashing each others brains like zombies (in the spirit of Halloween). The guts get absolutely ruined though. So if you’re one of those people that cooks the stringy stuff, this won’t work for you. They turn into a watery foamy mess in like 15 minutes and the seeds fall right otf","I’m Angela, the founder of Oh She Glows. Since 2008, I’ve been on a journey to glow from the inside out by creating crowd-pleasing plant-based recipes. I’m a New York Times Bestselling cookbook author and award-winning app creator. Click below for my full story!"]},"parsed_md":"How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive! – Oh She Glows\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nMenu\n\n# How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive!\n\nSeptember 17, 2012\n\nThe first time I roasted pumpkin seeds, I burned the crap out of them.\n\nIt was heart-breaking, especially since I wasn’t convinced it was even worth\nthe effort in the first place. All that seed cleaning and pumpkin de-stringing\n– I didn’t even get to enjoy the fruits of my labour. Hrmph.\n\nHere is the part that no one told me about: The inner seeds cook much faster\nthan the outer shell. I kept peeking in the oven and everything looked fine on\nthe outside. Little did I know, the inner seeds were burnt to smithereens.\n\nWell, thank goodness I didn’t give up after that first miserable attempt! My\nlife just wouldn’t be complete without roasted pumpkin seeds.\n\nI’m happy to say, the second batch didn’t just work, it blew my mind! The cup\nof seeds I roasted did not last long between the two of us. Every pass by the\nkitchen was an excuse to grab a crispy handful off the pan.\n\nToday, I’m sharing my secrets for a fantastic batch of roasted pumpkin seeds.\nIf you’ve ever doubted they were worth the effort or had so-so results, I beg\nyou to try this one last time. Only I know it won’t be the last time, but the\nstart of a life-long obsession. Watch out pumpkins, we’re coming for ya!\n\n### How To Roast Pumpkin Seeds:\n\n1\\. Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to\nmeticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The\nbest way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk\nthe seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it\napart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster\nthis way.\n\nNote: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than\ncarving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super\ncrispy!\n\n2\\. Boil for 10 minutes in salt water. Using Elise’s method for inspiration, I\nadded the pumpkin seeds to a medium-sized pot of water along with 1 tsp salt.\nBring it to a boil and reduce the heat to simmer, uncovered, for about 10\nminutes over low-medium heat. Apparently, this method helps make the pumpkin\nseeds easier to digest and produces a crispy outer shell during roasting. If\nyou are short on time, you can totally skip this step! They will still turn\nout lovely.\n\n3\\. Drain the seeds in a colander and dry lightly with a paper towel or tea\ntowel. The seeds will stick to the towel, but just rub them off with your\nfingers. Don’t worry, they don’t have to be bone dry – just a light pat down.\n\n4\\. Spread seeds onto a baking sheet and drizzle with extra virgin olive oil\n(I only needed to use about 1/2-1 tsp). Massage oil into seeds and add a\ngenerous sprinkle of Herbamare (or fine grain sea salt will do). Try to spread\nout the seeds as thin as possible with minor overlapping.\n\n5\\. Roast seeds at 325F for 10 minutes. Remove from oven and stir. Roast for\nanother 8-10 minutes (if your oven temp is wonky, this bake time could vary a\nlot!). During the last 5 minutes of roasting, remove a few seeds and crack\nopen to make sure the inner seeds are not burning (you don’t want the inner\nseed brown). Cool a couple and pop them into your mouth to test. They are\nready when the shell is super crispy and easy to bite through. The inner seed\nshould have only a hint of golden tinge to it. They should not be brown.\n\n6\\. EAT! Remove from oven, add a bit more Herbamare, and dig in! Ah, so good,\nso good! There is no need to remove the outer shell; it’s quite possibly the\nbest part.\n\nI had no idea I was going to love freshly roasted pumpkin seeds so much. I\nlove how crispy the outer shell is and how fun it is to crunch. They taste a\nbit like popcorn, but they are much crunchier, filling, and of course packed\nwith nutrition.\n\nYes, pumpkin seeds are super healthy for you! They are packed with iron,\nmagnesium, fibre, zinc, potassium, healthy fats, protein, and tryptophan\n(which can boost your mood and help you sleep). Vegans & vegetarians have been\nusing pumpkin seeds for years as a natural source of iron. I think it’s just\nabout my favourite way to get iron, next to Iron Woman Gingerbread Smoothies,\nof course. Be sure to pair it with Vitamin C to absorb the most iron you can.\n\n7\\. Share with some very lucky people! (but chose them wisely...)\n\nI promise you’ll never throw the seeds out again.\n\nI want to buy pumpkins just to be able to roast another batch of seeds. And of\ncourse, make homemade pumpkin puree. I’m already looking forward to making\nsome different flavour combos – maybe garlic powder, cayenne, rosemary, brown\nsugar or cinnamon, nutmeg, ground cloves, etc would both be nice to try out? I\ncan’t wait to experiment...many ideas are a-swirlin’ in my...stomach.\n\n# Looking for more pumpkin recipes?\n\nCreamy Pumpkin Pie Smoothie for Two\n\nHow to roast a sugar pumpkin\n\nAll Natural Pumpkin Butter from Scratch (the bomb!!)\n\nPumpkin Pie Chia Pudding Parfait\n\nRaw Pumpkin Pecan Butter\n\nand about 30 more pumpkin recipes!\n\nWhat spices would YOU put on your roasted pumpkin seeds?\n\nTo email, text, or print the directions, click here.\n\nFiled Under: Anything and Everything\n\n0 0 votes\n\nRecipe Rating\n\nSubscribe\n\n483 Comments\n\nInline Feedbacks\n\nView all comments\n\n\"Frog\"\n\n5 years ago\n\nThanks for the recipe! It worked out great. I divided the pan when I seasoned\nthe seeds: 1/4 sea salt, 1/4 salt & garlic powder and 1/2 Old Bay seasoning.\nGuess which one I hoped what the best? (It was)!\n\nReply\n\nlori\n\n5 years ago\n\nI just wanted to mention for your pumpkin seeds a great topping with some kick\nto it, is sprinkling on some Clubhouse spices in Chipotle, so delicious, i\nalso use this on kale chips, gives you awesome taste and if you like a bit of\nheat with your chips.\n\nReply\n\nKayla\n\n5 years ago\n\nTry soaking in vinegar! Salt and vinegar seeds! Yummy!!!\n\nReply\n\nJeanne W\n\n5 years ago\n\nI just made these. I’ve never done them before and I must say it was very easy\nto do and the seeds are delicious. I will definately do them again.\n\nReply\n\nPatricia\n\n5 years ago\n\nHow do you store them so they stay crunchy? They turned out super crunchy from\nthe oven. I let them cool completely, and then put them into a plastic\ncontainer but they were soft and chewy the next day.\n\nReply\n\nPam Hammer\n\n5 years ago\n\nTurned out perfect, even my picky 6 year old loved them :)\n\nReply\n\nKarenMac\n\n5 years ago\n\nI’ve never been able to get roasted pumpkin seeds to work...these worked and\nare soooo good. I agree they taste like popcorn!\n\nReply\n\nbig dumb dumb\n\n5 years ago\n\nJust eat the pumpkin from the outside like a big apple. Delicious!\n\nReply\n\nMichele\n\n5 years ago\n\nOh dear Lord, you are my hero. I’ve been sitting here for about 15 minutes\nlooking up various ways to toast/roast pumpkin seeds and I’ve seen everything\nfrom “cook for ten minutes” to “cook for 45 minutes.” I don’t even want to\nknow what those 45 minute ones will look like. But then as I’m continuing in\nmy Google search I see, “The first time I toasted pumpkin seeds I burnt the\ncrap out of them.” FINALLY, someone who speaks my language! Oh my, you had me\nlaughing from the get-go. You are now a permanent bookmark, go-to, “what’s for\ndinner?” landmark in my computer. Thank you, thank you for making my day and\nkeeping it real!\n\nReply\n\nJeannie\n\n5 years ago\n\nAll squash seeds are good roasted – today I have acorn squash seeds. And\ncumin, garlic powder and cayenne. Yum.\n\nReply\n\nKathy\n\n5 years ago\n\nMade these tonight and they turned out great. Whenever I roasted pumpkin seeds\nbefore I always burned them. Thank you! I never knew about boiling them first.\n\nReply\n\nFouzia Shibley\n\n5 years ago\n\nDelicious. It took another 10 minutes; total 20 to cook. Tried sprinkling\ngarlic powder on some, cayenne pepper on another section and sea salt on the\nrest. Each has a unique and great aftertaste. Thank you for the clear\ndirections.\n\nReply\n\nLindsay Curren\n\n5 years ago\n\nI used this on pumpkin seeds last fall (fabulous results) but have been using\nit on my butternut squash seeds after making soup and it’s every bit as tasty\n— love it!\n\nReply\n\nColleen Carver\n\n5 years ago\n\nMine are in the oven right now and I just taste tested....the outer part of\nthe seed is like a hard shell.....its like biting into a shell.....the middle\ntastes good have I done something wrong?\n\nReply\n\nNancy Merrifield\n\n4 years ago\n\nHey how about cleaning the seeds, boiling in water to clean off, then adding\nback a LITTLE of the pumpkin gook for flavor? am I overthinking this? but i do\nlike the flavor the gunk provides but then they take a long to bake AND they\nrun risk of overcooking.... i’ve used soy sauce with some sciracha and they\nwere quite good..\n\nReply\n\nC\n\nReply to Nancy Merrifield\n\n2 years ago\n\nJust don’t clean or boil them. Remove chunks and strings off seeds but leave\ngook on for flavour. I add a little salt and nothing else. Let then dry out\ngood on a tray for a day a couple of days, stirring occasionally to keep then\nfrom sticking to the tray and each other. Then slow roast at 250 for a couple\nof hours. Finish at a higher heat for a few minutes if you like them a bit\nbrowner.\n\nReply\n\nAshley\n\n4 years ago\n\nI wasn’t definitely in the category of burnt them the first time around. I\nhope I have better luck next time!\n\nReply\n\ngillian\n\n4 years ago\n\njust used this recipe and it was perfect!!! the tip about boiling the seeds\nbefore putting them in the oven was great....they may or may not have been\neaten in one sitting........ thanks!!!\n\nReply\n\nTori\n\n4 years ago\n\nPerfection! Thanks for saving halloween .... these are my treat to myself this\nyear because I’m off sugar right now. :)\n\nReply\n\nAngela Liddon\n\nReply to Tori\n\n4 years ago\n\nHope you enjoyed them, Tori. and had a Happy Halloween!\n\nReply\n\ngeorge\n\n4 years ago\n\nHere is what i am doing with pumpkin and squash seeds for a long time. Once\nthe seeds are roasted and cooled, I grind it to a powder form. This PPS\n(pumpkin powdered seeds) are transferred into a glass jar and in one of the\nsmall glass containers that is typically used for spices. I use PPS, and you\nmay wish to use it, as an additive into many cooked and cold meals, serials,\ndrinks, smoothies, yogurts, kefirs, over the bread spreads, all at your\nchoice. Just shake the container (something like a salt shaker) and insert or\nspray the PPS over the meals/drinks as desirable. I also combine the PPS with\nother plants and fruits powders in one container. One of my favorite, which\nfew other people also like it, is a mixture of PPS and roasted powdered hemp\nseeds with 2% of spearmint powder or with 2% of xylitol natural sweetener. For\nthose of you who did not know, Xylitol actually kills bacteria in mouth and\nits degree of sweetness is equal to that of regular sugar.\n\nReply\n\nRobin Kuhar\n\n4 years ago\n\nHello, I want to thank you for helping me make truly addictive seeds!!! I just\ntook them out of the oven and I can’t stop eating them!!! I did, however, do\nsomething a little different from your recipe. I let them dry out completely\nover night. They are so crispy and delicious. They also didn’t take very long\nto roast. I’m so glad I bought 6 pie pumpkins!! There will be so many to go\naround!! Thanks again!!! Robin\n\nReply\n\nAngela Liddon\n\nReply to Robin Kuhar\n\n4 years ago\n\nSo glad you found this helpful, Robin. Enjoy those pumpkin seeds!\n\nReply\n\nSilah Oyunu\n\n4 years ago\n\nThank you for sharing\n\nReply\n\nJean\n\n3 years ago\n\nI have tried multiple different cooking methods for pumpkin seeds: boil in\nsalt water first, don’t boil, roast at high temp for a short time or lower\ntemp for longer time... in all cases, the seeds I get from my small sweet\ncooking pumpkins come out so woody that we cannot eat them.. they all end up\nin the garbage.. any clues? I have spent hours on the internet reading\ndifferent things and none really address this well.. one person was even a bit\nsnotty and commented “maybe you don’t really like pumpkin seeds?”! I have\nbought them seasoned in the States and used them on salads and none were woody\nand inedible like the ones I’m trying to make (and yes, the ones I bought\nstill had the shells on..)\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Jean\n\n3 years ago\n\nHey Jean, Wow, I’m really not sure why that keeps happening to you despite\ntrying out all different kinds of methods. How strange! Could it be that you\nprefer pepita seeds (which are shelled pumpkin seeds) rather than the whole\npumpkin seeds? Pepitas are light to dark green and much softer\n\nReply\n\nJulie\n\nReply to Jean\n\n2 years ago\n\nJean, I just saw your note in passing and thought I would comment even though\nits been a year since you raised the question. There are multiple species in\nthe pumpkin/squash family, and many selected varieties in each. Seeds vary by\nspecies from thin-shelled like pictured in this post, to some that are very\nblocky and thick-shelled. On the latter, I shell each seed as I’m eating them,\nlike I do sunflower seeds. On the former, I find the shell tolerable to eat.\nMaybe you have had one of the ones with the woody, thick-shelled seeds? My\npersonal favorite are the “naked-seeded” varieties, which I have grown in my\ngarden. They grow no hull on the seed at all! But the trade-off is that the\nflesh of the pumpkin is very bland.\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Julie\n\n2 years ago\n\nHi Julie, This is so interesting! Thank you for sharing your wisdom :)\n\nReply\n\nDanielle\n\n3 years ago\n\nIn the process of roasting seeds – going to give it another try. To clean, I\nthrew the seeds into a ziplock bag with a bit of water, sealed it up and\nrubbed the baggie on the counter top. The pulp cane off very quickly. Added a\nlittle more water to the bag to get some space between pulp and seeds, and\nvoila less than 2 minutes and i’m Scooping the floating seeds from the baggie!\nClean and easy!\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Danielle\n\n3 years ago\n\nGreat trick! Thanks for sharing Danielle\n\nReply\n\nAlfie Board\n\n3 years ago\n\nThese were brilliant, I also added a bit of sugar to the final product to add\na bit of a sweeter vibe and this is great because it means I don’t have to\nthrow away the seeds!\n\nReply\n\nJen\n\n3 years ago\n\nNOOOOOOOO don’t take away the flavor! My seeds go out of pumpkin, out of guts,\non to oiled cookie pan, salt cayenne pepper, into oven. Pumpkin “slime”? I\nlove it, the seeds taste so much better. All the cleaning in really\nunnecessary, the seeds do not need it, nor do they need drying, or any other\ntreatment. Really it is just that easy.\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Jen\n\n3 years ago\n\nI’ve since tried them this way and I have to say this method is delicious!\nI’ll have to update my post.\n\nReply\n\nGinger Kid\n\n3 years ago\n\nI used this recipe to add a roasted pumpkin seed roof to my gingerbread house.\nThey made perfect shingles for the roof.\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Ginger Kid\n\n3 years ago\n\nhaha that’s so cute...love it :)\n\nReply\n\nripple haberleri\n\n3 years ago\n\nthey look delicious :)\n\nReply\n\nCaitlee\n\n2 years ago\n\nI’ve been using this recipe for several years now, since I found it on Google.\nWhenever I follow it right (I’ve been accidentally using waaaaay too much\nolive oil; a little goes a lot farther than I think!), it makes absolutely\nfantastic pumpkin scenes! Last year, I made garlic powder with cayenne pepper\nand *loved* it, but had several requests for the standard salt. My favorite\npart of pumpkin carving is pulling out the guts and roasting the seeds, so\nthis year I plan to make several batches with all sorts of yummy things on\nthem. Thanks so much for the recipe!!\n\nReply\n\nkarry\n\n7 months ago\n\nGreat recipe and instructions. I thought roasting pumpkin seeds would be super\nsimply. The first time I made them, I did not look up for any directions. Dump\nin the pan and roast. I got burnt seeds. These instructions worked perfectly\nand the seeds were sooooo good.\n\nThank you! karry\n\nReply\n\nElla\n\n4 months ago\n\nClean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to\nmeticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The\nbest way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk\nthe seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it\napart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster\nthis way.\n\nNote: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than\ncarving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super\ncrispy!\n\nReply\n\nAnna\n\n4 months ago\n\nseeds is to play around with the pumpkin guts! My nephews and I were carving a\npumpkin and we accidentally discovered this. They’re 4, 5, and 11 so you can\neasily figure out how we came up with this. Throw it all in a bowl using a\nknife to help cut them out. After you get the strings and seeds in a bowl,\njust play with it. Mash it, string it through your fingers, squish it up with\nyour hands, whatever! My nephews pretended they were smashing each others\nbrains like zombies (in the spirit of Halloween). The guts get absolutely\nruined though. So if you’re one of those people that cooks the stringy stuff,\nthis won’t work for you. They turn into a watery foamy mess in like 15 minutes\nand the seeds fall right otf\n\nReply\n\n« Previous 1 ... 6 7 8\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### About Angela\n\nI’m Angela, the founder of Oh She Glows. Since 2008, I’ve been on a journey to\nglow from the inside out by creating crowd-pleasing plant-based recipes. I’m a\nNew York Times Bestselling cookbook author and award-winning app creator.\nClick below for my full story!\n\nRead More\n\n### Trending Now\n\n * Perfect Little Pumpkin Cookies with Spiced Buttercream\n * Crazy Good Coconut Oil \"Chocolate\" Bark\n * Glowing Spiced Lentil Soup\n * Fail-Proof Vegan Chocolate Cupcakes\n * One Bowl Vegan Banana Bread\n\n## Footer\n\n### Oh She Glows\n\n * My Story\n * The App\n * The Books\n * OSG in the Media\n * Archives\n\n### Popular\n\n * Recipe Search\n * Recipe Index\n * Cookbook Index\n * My Favourite Skin Care Products\n * My Most-Used Kitchen Tools\n\n### Follow on Social Media\n\nCopyright © 2021 Oh She Glows. All rights reserved. | Privacy Policy | Terms\nof Service\n\nAn Elite CafeMedia Food Publisher\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180324005612/http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Even as a kid, I was never much for candy. After dressing up and trick-or- treating, my favorite thing about Halloween was when Mom would roast the pumpkin seeds. They were delicious, although much harder to get at since they weren’t shelled! Halloween was my one and only experience with pumpkin seeds, until I moved to Texas where I was introduced to the wonderful world of “pepitas.” Spiced, toasted, raw and more, there they were again. My favorite little Halloween treat, only shelled and prepared in ways Mom never dreamed of!\",\n \"You probably know that pumpkins are native to North America. But did you know they were part of the native diet for literally thousands of years, especially in the Southwest? Every part of the pumpkin was used for food, including the seeds. Even the Native Americans could not resist that sweet, subtle flavor! They were also very well aware of the great benefit to the body that came to them from eating those pumpkins, including the seeds. Native Americans even used the seeds for medicinal purposes. Small and light green in color, these little guys have an impressive nutritional profile. In about 3 1⁄2 tablespoons (one ounce), you get:\",\n \"5.4 grams of gamma-tocopherol , a form of vitamin E that helps to prevent oxidation of fats and provides antioxidant activity\",\n \"Although pumpkin seeds make a great snack, they are so much more versatile. For added flavor, toast shelled seeds in a dry skillet for about 5 minutes over medium heat, stirring (almost) constantly. Watch carefully so they don’t burn! Or, roast the shelled seeds in your oven at 325°F for about 20 to 25 minutes. Here are some fun and unique ways you can add pumpkin seeds to your menu:\",\n \"This recipe for Roasted Pumpkin Seeds is almost identical to what Mom used to make from our Jack-o-Lantern pumpkin every Halloween.\",\n \"Roast or toast with seasonings such as chili powder, cayenne, cumin, coriander and any other spice that suits your fancy! This Spicy Tamari Pumpkin Seeds recipe is just what I’m talking about.\",\n \"Roast with dried herbs such as thyme, oregano, parsley and rosemary. (Roasting with dried herbs and parmesan or Romano cheese is an out-of-this-world experience!)\",\n \"They’re great as a garnish for beef or vegetable stew. Here is a great recipe for Guatemalan Chicken Stew with Tomatillo Sauce.\",\n \"Add them to muffins, pancakes, cookies, granola and other baked goods such as this recipe for Flax and Pumpkin Seed Corn Bread.\",\n \"Roast or toast and garnish salads, slaw and even Caesar salad! Try this idea for Roasted Corn and Tomato Pasta Salad or this idea for a Fall Greens Salad with Pumpkin Seeds and Asiago.\",\n \"Add to pesto sauce in place of or along with pine nuts. That’s what we did with our recipe for Pumpkin Seed Pesto.\",\n \"Remember that pumpkin seeds are packed with polyunsaturated fat. That means their oils are sensitive and can go rancid quickly. If you store them in the refrigerator in an air-tight container, they will keep for up to six months, and in the freezer for up to a year. Toasted or roasted seeds should always be kept cold as the oils are more susceptible to rancidity once cooked. If not refrigerated, keep them air-tight and use them within six to eight weeks of purchasing. Do you love pumpkin seeds, too? Got a favorite recipe? Let me know!\",\n \"As the world’s leading natural and organic grocer we’re all about healthy food and a healthy planet, and we've got bunches of passionate people in our community doing incredible things. Join in the conversation!\",\n \"We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds | Whole Foods Market\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nWhole Foods Market\\n\\nWholeFoods Market\\n\\n## Main navigation\\n\\nMain Menu\\n\\n# Whole Story\\n\\nThe Official Whole Foods Market® Blog\\n\\nHome » Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds\\n\\n## Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nBy Alana Sugar, October 25, 2010 | More posts by Alana Sugar\\n\\n## 83_roasted_pumpkin_seeds_0.jpg\\n\\nEven as a kid, I was never much for candy. After dressing up and trick-or-\\ntreating, my favorite thing about Halloween was when Mom would roast the\\npumpkin seeds. They were delicious, although much harder to get at since they\\nweren’t shelled! Halloween was my one and only experience with pumpkin seeds,\\nuntil I moved to Texas where I was introduced to the wonderful world of\\n“pepitas.” Spiced, toasted, raw and more, there they were again. My favorite\\nlittle Halloween treat, only shelled and prepared in ways Mom never dreamed\\nof!\\n\\n## chicken_molepumpkinseed_0.jpg\\n\\nYou probably know that pumpkins are native to North America. But did you know\\nthey were part of the native diet for literally thousands of years, especially\\nin the Southwest? Every part of the pumpkin was used for food, including the\\nseeds. Even the Native Americans could not resist that sweet, subtle flavor!\\nThey were also very well aware of the great benefit to the body that came to\\nthem from eating those pumpkins, including the seeds. Native Americans even\\nused the seeds for medicinal purposes. Small and light green in color, these\\nlittle guys have an impressive nutritional profile. In about 3 1⁄2 tablespoons\\n(one ounce), you get:\\n\\n * 7 grams of protein\\n * 2 mgs of zinc\\n * 4 mgs of iron\\n * 5.4 grams of gamma-tocopherol , a form of vitamin E that helps to prevent oxidation of fats and provides antioxidant activity\\n * Phytosterols – plant compounds which may help keep cholesterol levels healthy\\n\\n## 537_fall_greens_salad_0.jpg\\n\\nAlthough pumpkin seeds make a great snack, they are so much more versatile.\\nFor added flavor, toast shelled seeds in a dry skillet for about 5 minutes\\nover medium heat, stirring (almost) constantly. Watch carefully so they don’t\\nburn! Or, roast the shelled seeds in your oven at 325°F for about 20 to 25\\nminutes. Here are some fun and unique ways you can add pumpkin seeds to your\\nmenu:\\n\\n * This recipe for Roasted Pumpkin Seeds is almost identical to what Mom used to make from our Jack-o-Lantern pumpkin every Halloween.\\n * Roast or toast with seasonings such as chili powder, cayenne, cumin, coriander and any other spice that suits your fancy! This Spicy Tamari Pumpkin Seeds recipe is just what I’m talking about.\\n * Roast with dried herbs such as thyme, oregano, parsley and rosemary. (Roasting with dried herbs and parmesan or Romano cheese is an out-of-this-world experience!)\\n\\n## 2388_guatemalan_chicken_stew_0.jpg\\n\\n * Don’t forget the sweet spices, too: Cinnamon, nutmeg, cardamom, cloves and allspice.\\n * Roast or toast and garnish grain dishes, breakfast cereals and pilafs.\\n * Roast or toast and garnish roasted root vegetables, steamed vegetables or sautéed vegetables.\\n * Roast or toast and garnish soups such as corn, pumpkin, butternut squash or vegetable.\\n * They’re great as a garnish for beef or vegetable stew. Here is a great recipe for Guatemalan Chicken Stew with Tomatillo Sauce.\\n * Roast or toast and garnish enchiladas, tacos, chalupas, tamales and migas.\\n * Add them to muffins, pancakes, cookies, granola and other baked goods such as this recipe for Flax and Pumpkin Seed Corn Bread.\\n * Grind them up and add them to specialty sauces such as Mole. Here’s a Pumpkin Seed Mole with Chicken.\\n * Roast or toast and garnish salads, slaw and even Caesar salad! Try this idea for Roasted Corn and Tomato Pasta Salad or this idea for a Fall Greens Salad with Pumpkin Seeds and Asiago.\\n * Make trail mix and add pumpkin seeds.\\n * Throw a small handful into a smoothie with fruit or yogurt.\\n\\n## 1991_pumpkin_seed_pesto_0.jpg\\n\\n * Roast or toast and garnish ice cream, yogurt, fresh fruit salads or non-dairy desserts.\\n * Incredibly yummy as a garnish on dark chocolate cake!\\n * Cook whole grain pasta; toss with olive oil, garlic, Reggiano Parmesan and roasted pumpkin seeds.\\n * Add to pesto sauce in place of or along with pine nuts. That’s what we did with our recipe for Pumpkin Seed Pesto.\\n * ADD THEM TO CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIES. YOU WILL NEVER LOOK BACK!\\n\\nRemember that pumpkin seeds are packed with polyunsaturated fat. That means\\ntheir oils are sensitive and can go rancid quickly. If you store them in the\\nrefrigerator in an air-tight container, they will keep for up to six months,\\nand in the freezer for up to a year. Toasted or roasted seeds should always be\\nkept cold as the oils are more susceptible to rancidity once cooked. If not\\nrefrigerated, keep them air-tight and use them within six to eight weeks of\\npurchasing. Do you love pumpkin seeds, too? Got a favorite recipe? Let me\\nknow!\\n\\n## Related Posts\\n\\nTry the Trend: Dutch Baby Pancakes\\n\\n6 Mediterranean-Inspired Recipes for Spring\\n\\n5 Irish-inspired Recipes to Celebrate St. Patrick’s Day\\n\\nSweet and Saucy: Fruit Salsas for Spring Fish Dishes\\n\\nLooking for More Than 3.14 Ways to Celebrate National Pi Day?\\n\\nHow to Make Dinner in 30 Minutes or Less\\n\\nTry the Trend: Salad Rolls\\n\\n#SelfCare Isn't Just for Sundays: One Nutritionist's Cozy Menu\\n\\nYour 4-Step Guide to Making Juice at Home\\n\\nYour New Secret Winter Ingredient: Tea\\n\\n## Recent Posts\\n\\n## SmartSweets-Tara-Founder_lead.jpg\\n\\nSupplier Stories: SmartSweets and Its Stevia-sweetened Gummy Bears\\n\\n## theoliveandmango_Dutchbaby.jpg\\n\\nTry the Trend: Dutch Baby Pancakes\\n\\n## Beauty_Bag_2018_Horizontal_98.jpg\\n\\nA Big, Beautiful Sale, Plus the Limited Edition Beauty Bag You Need\\n\\n## Chilled Barley Salad with Spicy Hummus Dressing.jpg\\n\\n6 Mediterranean-Inspired Recipes for Spring\\n\\n## sodabread3.jpg\\n\\n5 Irish-inspired Recipes to Celebrate St. Patrick’s Day\\n\\n## Halibut Fillet with Citrus Salsa and Asparagus.jpg\\n\\nSweet and Saucy: Fruit Salsas for Spring Fish Dishes\\n\\n## Value_NSF_March_B_Pie_Day_600x600.jpg\\n\\nLooking for More Than 3.14 Ways to Celebrate National Pi Day?\\n\\n## Lentil-avocado-and-tomato-salad.jpg\\n\\nHow to Make Dinner in 30 Minutes or Less\\n\\n## @wholefoodssandiego.jpg\\n\\nTry the Trend: Salad Rolls\\n\\n## Traditional Medicinals1.jpg\\n\\nTraditional Medicinals: Changing Lives for Women and Girls\\n\\n## Blog Roll\\n\\n101 Cookbooks\\n\\nEdible Feast\\n\\nFood52\\n\\nKiwi Magazine\\n\\nLiving Maxwell\\n\\nMatt Bites\\n\\nPro Mujer: Giving Women Credit\\n\\nSlow Food USA\\n\\nThe Kitchn\\n\\nWelcoming Kitchen\\n\\n## Blog Archives\\n\\n * March 2018 (10)\\n * February 2018 (17)\\n * January 2018 (10)\\n * December 2017 (12)\\n * November 2017 (8)\\n * October 2017 (8)\\n * September 2017 (16)\\n * August 2017 (12)\\n * July 2017 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Sign up\\n\\nCopyright 2018 Whole Foods Market IP. L.P. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy |\\nSupply Chain Disclosures | Internet Based Ads | CA Privacy Rights Site Map |\\nSite Information | Accessible View \\\"Whole Foods Market\\\" is a registered\\ntrademark of Whole Foods Market IP, L.P.\\n\\n### Sign in with a social account\\n\\n{* loginWidget *}\\n\\n### Sign in with a\\n\\n### Whole Foods Market account\\n\\n{* #userInformationForm *} {* traditionalSignIn_emailAddress *} {*\\ntraditionalSignIn_password *}\\n\\nForgot your password?\\n\\n{* traditionalSignIn_signInButton *}{* traditionalSignIn_createButton *}\\n\\n{* /userInformationForm *}\\n\\n### Sign in with your social account\\n\\n## Welcome back {* welcomeName *}!\\n\\n{* loginWidget *}\\n\\nUse another account\\n\\n### Sign in with your\\n\\n### Whole Foods Market account\\n\\n## Welcome back {* welcomeName *}!\\n\\n{* #userInformationForm *} {* traditionalSignIn_emailAddress *} {*\\ntraditionalSignIn_password *}\\n\\n{* traditionalSignIn_signInButton *}\\n\\n{* /userInformationForm *}\\n\\nUse another account\\n\\n# Almost Done!\\n\\n## Please confirm the information below before signing in.\\n\\n{* #socialRegistrationForm *} {* socialRegistration_firstName *} {*\\nsocialRegistration_lastName *} {* socialRegistration_emailAddress *} {*\\nsocialRegistration_displayName *} {* socialRegistration_postalCode *} By\\nclicking \\\"Sign in\\\", you confirm that you accept our terms of service and have\\nread and understand privacy policy.\\n\\n{* backButton *}\\n\\n{* socialRegistration_signInButton *}\\n\\n{* /socialRegistrationForm *}\\n\\n# Thank you for registering!\\n\\nWe have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. 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Your existing\\npassword has not been changed.\\n\\nClose\\n\\n{* mergeAccounts *}\\n\\n# Sign in to complete account merge\\n\\n{* #tradAuthenticateMergeForm *} {* traditionalSignIn_emailAddress *} {*\\nmergePassword *}\\n\\n{* backButton *}\\n\\n{* traditionalSignIn_signInButton *}\\n\\n{* /tradAuthenticateMergeForm *}\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.pillsbury.com/everyday-eats/snacks/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20220112044409/https://www.pillsbury.com/everyday-eats/snacks/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Roast Pumpkin Seeds\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Roast Pumpkin Seeds - Pillsbury.com\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://ohsheglows.com/2012/09/17/how-to-roast-perfect-pumpkin-seeds-easy-crunchy-addictive/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210705150909/https://ohsheglows.com/2012/09/17/how-to-roast-perfect-pumpkin-seeds-easy-crunchy-addictive/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive! – Oh She Glows\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It was heart-breaking, especially since I wasn’t convinced it was even worth the effort in the first place. All that seed cleaning and pumpkin de-stringing – I didn’t even get to enjoy the fruits of my labour. Hrmph.\",\n \"Here is the part that no one told me about: The inner seeds cook much faster than the outer shell. I kept peeking in the oven and everything looked fine on the outside. Little did I know, the inner seeds were burnt to smithereens.\",\n \"Well, thank goodness I didn’t give up after that first miserable attempt! My life just wouldn’t be complete without roasted pumpkin seeds.\",\n \"I’m happy to say, the second batch didn’t just work, it blew my mind! The cup of seeds I roasted did not last long between the two of us. Every pass by the kitchen was an excuse to grab a crispy handful off the pan.\",\n \"Today, I’m sharing my secrets for a fantastic batch of roasted pumpkin seeds. If you’ve ever doubted they were worth the effort or had so-so results, I beg you to try this one last time. Only I know it won’t be the last time, but the start of a life-long obsession. Watch out pumpkins, we’re coming for ya!\",\n \"1. Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to meticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The best way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk the seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it apart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster this way.\",\n \"Note: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than carving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super crispy!\",\n \"2. Boil for 10 minutes in salt water. Using Elise’s method for inspiration, I added the pumpkin seeds to a medium-sized pot of water along with 1 tsp salt. Bring it to a boil and reduce the heat to simmer, uncovered, for about 10 minutes over low-medium heat. Apparently, this method helps make the pumpkin seeds easier to digest and produces a crispy outer shell during roasting. If you are short on time, you can totally skip this step! They will still turn out lovely.\",\n \"3. Drain the seeds in a colander and dry lightly with a paper towel or tea towel. The seeds will stick to the towel, but just rub them off with your fingers. Don’t worry, they don’t have to be bone dry – just a light pat down.\",\n \"4. Spread seeds onto a baking sheet and drizzle with extra virgin olive oil (I only needed to use about 1/2-1 tsp). Massage oil into seeds and add a generous sprinkle of Herbamare (or fine grain sea salt will do). Try to spread out the seeds as thin as possible with minor overlapping.\",\n \"5. Roast seeds at 325F for 10 minutes. Remove from oven and stir. Roast for another 8-10 minutes (if your oven temp is wonky, this bake time could vary a lot!). During the last 5 minutes of roasting, remove a few seeds and crack open to make sure the inner seeds are not burning (you don’t want the inner seed brown). Cool a couple and pop them into your mouth to test. They are ready when the shell is super crispy and easy to bite through. The inner seed should have only a hint of golden tinge to it. They should not be brown.\",\n \"6. EAT! Remove from oven, add a bit more Herbamare, and dig in! Ah, so good, so good! There is no need to remove the outer shell; it’s quite possibly the best part.\",\n \"I had no idea I was going to love freshly roasted pumpkin seeds so much. I love how crispy the outer shell is and how fun it is to crunch. They taste a bit like popcorn, but they are much crunchier, filling, and of course packed with nutrition.\",\n \"Yes, pumpkin seeds are super healthy for you! They are packed with iron, magnesium, fibre, zinc, potassium, healthy fats, protein, and tryptophan (which can boost your mood and help you sleep). Vegans & vegetarians have been using pumpkin seeds for years as a natural source of iron. I think it’s just about my favourite way to get iron, next to Iron Woman Gingerbread Smoothies, of course. Be sure to pair it with Vitamin C to absorb the most iron you can.\",\n \"I want to buy pumpkins just to be able to roast another batch of seeds. And of course, make homemade pumpkin puree. I’m already looking forward to making some different flavour combos – maybe garlic powder, cayenne, rosemary, brown sugar or cinnamon, nutmeg, ground cloves, etc would both be nice to try out? I can’t wait to experiment...many ideas are a-swirlin’ in my...stomach.\",\n \"Thanks for the recipe! It worked out great. I divided the pan when I seasoned the seeds: 1/4 sea salt, 1/4 salt & garlic powder and 1/2 Old Bay seasoning. Guess which one I hoped what the best? (It was)!\",\n \"I just wanted to mention for your pumpkin seeds a great topping with some kick to it, is sprinkling on some Clubhouse spices in Chipotle, so delicious, i also use this on kale chips, gives you awesome taste and if you like a bit of heat with your chips.\",\n \"I just made these. I’ve never done them before and I must say it was very easy to do and the seeds are delicious. I will definately do them again.\",\n \"How do you store them so they stay crunchy? They turned out super crunchy from the oven. I let them cool completely, and then put them into a plastic container but they were soft and chewy the next day.\",\n \"I’ve never been able to get roasted pumpkin seeds to work...these worked and are soooo good. I agree they taste like popcorn!\",\n \"Oh dear Lord, you are my hero. I’ve been sitting here for about 15 minutes looking up various ways to toast/roast pumpkin seeds and I’ve seen everything from “cook for ten minutes” to “cook for 45 minutes.” I don’t even want to know what those 45 minute ones will look like. But then as I’m continuing in my Google search I see, “The first time I toasted pumpkin seeds I burnt the crap out of them.” FINALLY, someone who speaks my language! Oh my, you had me laughing from the get-go. You are now a permanent bookmark, go-to, “what’s for dinner?” landmark in my computer. Thank you, thank you for making my day and keeping it real!\",\n \"All squash seeds are good roasted – today I have acorn squash seeds. And cumin, garlic powder and cayenne. Yum.\",\n \"Made these tonight and they turned out great. Whenever I roasted pumpkin seeds before I always burned them. Thank you! I never knew about boiling them first.\",\n \"Delicious. It took another 10 minutes; total 20 to cook. Tried sprinkling garlic powder on some, cayenne pepper on another section and sea salt on the rest. Each has a unique and great aftertaste. Thank you for the clear directions.\",\n \"I used this on pumpkin seeds last fall (fabulous results) but have been using it on my butternut squash seeds after making soup and it’s every bit as tasty — love it!\",\n \"Mine are in the oven right now and I just taste tested....the outer part of the seed is like a hard shell.....its like biting into a shell.....the middle tastes good have I done something wrong?\",\n \"Hey how about cleaning the seeds, boiling in water to clean off, then adding back a LITTLE of the pumpkin gook for flavor? am I overthinking this? but i do like the flavor the gunk provides but then they take a long to bake AND they run risk of overcooking.... i’ve used soy sauce with some sciracha and they were quite good..\",\n \"Just don’t clean or boil them. Remove chunks and strings off seeds but leave gook on for flavour. I add a little salt and nothing else. Let then dry out good on a tray for a day a couple of days, stirring occasionally to keep then from sticking to the tray and each other. Then slow roast at 250 for a couple of hours. Finish at a higher heat for a few minutes if you like them a bit browner.\",\n \"I wasn’t definitely in the category of burnt them the first time around. I hope I have better luck next time!\",\n \"just used this recipe and it was perfect!!! the tip about boiling the seeds before putting them in the oven was great....they may or may not have been eaten in one sitting........ thanks!!!\",\n \"Perfection! Thanks for saving halloween .... these are my treat to myself this year because I’m off sugar right now. :)\",\n \"Here is what i am doing with pumpkin and squash seeds for a long time. Once the seeds are roasted and cooled, I grind it to a powder form. This PPS (pumpkin powdered seeds) are transferred into a glass jar and in one of the small glass containers that is typically used for spices. I use PPS, and you may wish to use it, as an additive into many cooked and cold meals, serials, drinks, smoothies, yogurts, kefirs, over the bread spreads, all at your choice. Just shake the container (something like a salt shaker) and insert or spray the PPS over the meals/drinks as desirable. I also combine the PPS with other plants and fruits powders in one container. One of my favorite, which few other people also like it, is a mixture of PPS and roasted powdered hemp seeds with 2% of spearmint powder or with 2% of xylitol natural sweetener. For those of you who did not know, Xylitol actually kills bacteria in mouth and its degree of sweetness is equal to that of regular sugar.\",\n \"Hello, I want to thank you for helping me make truly addictive seeds!!! I just took them out of the oven and I can’t stop eating them!!! I did, however, do something a little different from your recipe. I let them dry out completely over night. They are so crispy and delicious. They also didn’t take very long to roast. I’m so glad I bought 6 pie pumpkins!! There will be so many to go around!! Thanks again!!! Robin\",\n \"I have tried multiple different cooking methods for pumpkin seeds: boil in salt water first, don’t boil, roast at high temp for a short time or lower temp for longer time... in all cases, the seeds I get from my small sweet cooking pumpkins come out so woody that we cannot eat them.. they all end up in the garbage.. any clues? I have spent hours on the internet reading different things and none really address this well.. one person was even a bit snotty and commented “maybe you don’t really like pumpkin seeds?”! I have bought them seasoned in the States and used them on salads and none were woody and inedible like the ones I’m trying to make (and yes, the ones I bought still had the shells on..)\",\n \"Hey Jean, Wow, I’m really not sure why that keeps happening to you despite trying out all different kinds of methods. How strange! Could it be that you prefer pepita seeds (which are shelled pumpkin seeds) rather than the whole pumpkin seeds? Pepitas are light to dark green and much softer\",\n \"Jean, I just saw your note in passing and thought I would comment even though its been a year since you raised the question. There are multiple species in the pumpkin/squash family, and many selected varieties in each. Seeds vary by species from thin-shelled like pictured in this post, to some that are very blocky and thick-shelled. On the latter, I shell each seed as I’m eating them, like I do sunflower seeds. On the former, I find the shell tolerable to eat. Maybe you have had one of the ones with the woody, thick-shelled seeds? My personal favorite are the “naked-seeded” varieties, which I have grown in my garden. They grow no hull on the seed at all! But the trade-off is that the flesh of the pumpkin is very bland.\",\n \"In the process of roasting seeds – going to give it another try. To clean, I threw the seeds into a ziplock bag with a bit of water, sealed it up and rubbed the baggie on the counter top. The pulp cane off very quickly. Added a little more water to the bag to get some space between pulp and seeds, and voila less than 2 minutes and i’m Scooping the floating seeds from the baggie! Clean and easy!\",\n \"These were brilliant, I also added a bit of sugar to the final product to add a bit of a sweeter vibe and this is great because it means I don’t have to throw away the seeds!\",\n \"NOOOOOOOO don’t take away the flavor! My seeds go out of pumpkin, out of guts, on to oiled cookie pan, salt cayenne pepper, into oven. Pumpkin “slime”? I love it, the seeds taste so much better. All the cleaning in really unnecessary, the seeds do not need it, nor do they need drying, or any other treatment. Really it is just that easy.\",\n \"I’ve since tried them this way and I have to say this method is delicious! I’ll have to update my post.\",\n \"I used this recipe to add a roasted pumpkin seed roof to my gingerbread house. They made perfect shingles for the roof.\",\n \"I’ve been using this recipe for several years now, since I found it on Google. Whenever I follow it right (I’ve been accidentally using waaaaay too much olive oil; a little goes a lot farther than I think!), it makes absolutely fantastic pumpkin scenes! Last year, I made garlic powder with cayenne pepper and loved\",\n \"Great recipe and instructions. I thought roasting pumpkin seeds would be super simply. The first time I made them, I did not look up for any directions. Dump in the pan and roast. I got burnt seeds. These instructions worked perfectly and the seeds were sooooo good.\",\n \"Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to meticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The best way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk the seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it apart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster this way.\",\n \"Note: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than carving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super crispy!\",\n \"seeds is to play around with the pumpkin guts! My nephews and I were carving a pumpkin and we accidentally discovered this. They’re 4, 5, and 11 so you can easily figure out how we came up with this. Throw it all in a bowl using a knife to help cut them out. After you get the strings and seeds in a bowl, just play with it. Mash it, string it through your fingers, squish it up with your hands, whatever! My nephews pretended they were smashing each others brains like zombies (in the spirit of Halloween). The guts get absolutely ruined though. So if you’re one of those people that cooks the stringy stuff, this won’t work for you. They turn into a watery foamy mess in like 15 minutes and the seeds fall right otf\",\n \"I’m Angela, the founder of Oh She Glows. Since 2008, I’ve been on a journey to glow from the inside out by creating crowd-pleasing plant-based recipes. I’m a New York Times Bestselling cookbook author and award-winning app creator. Click below for my full story!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive! – Oh She Glows\\n\\n * Skip to primary navigation\\n * Skip to main content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n * Skip to footer\\n\\nMenu\\n\\n# How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive!\\n\\nSeptember 17, 2012\\n\\nThe first time I roasted pumpkin seeds, I burned the crap out of them.\\n\\nIt was heart-breaking, especially since I wasn’t convinced it was even worth\\nthe effort in the first place. All that seed cleaning and pumpkin de-stringing\\n– I didn’t even get to enjoy the fruits of my labour. Hrmph.\\n\\nHere is the part that no one told me about: The inner seeds cook much faster\\nthan the outer shell. I kept peeking in the oven and everything looked fine on\\nthe outside. Little did I know, the inner seeds were burnt to smithereens.\\n\\nWell, thank goodness I didn’t give up after that first miserable attempt! My\\nlife just wouldn’t be complete without roasted pumpkin seeds.\\n\\nI’m happy to say, the second batch didn’t just work, it blew my mind! The cup\\nof seeds I roasted did not last long between the two of us. Every pass by the\\nkitchen was an excuse to grab a crispy handful off the pan.\\n\\nToday, I’m sharing my secrets for a fantastic batch of roasted pumpkin seeds.\\nIf you’ve ever doubted they were worth the effort or had so-so results, I beg\\nyou to try this one last time. Only I know it won’t be the last time, but the\\nstart of a life-long obsession. Watch out pumpkins, we’re coming for ya!\\n\\n### How To Roast Pumpkin Seeds:\\n\\n1\\\\. Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to\\nmeticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The\\nbest way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk\\nthe seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it\\napart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster\\nthis way.\\n\\nNote: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than\\ncarving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super\\ncrispy!\\n\\n2\\\\. Boil for 10 minutes in salt water. Using Elise’s method for inspiration, I\\nadded the pumpkin seeds to a medium-sized pot of water along with 1 tsp salt.\\nBring it to a boil and reduce the heat to simmer, uncovered, for about 10\\nminutes over low-medium heat. Apparently, this method helps make the pumpkin\\nseeds easier to digest and produces a crispy outer shell during roasting. If\\nyou are short on time, you can totally skip this step! They will still turn\\nout lovely.\\n\\n3\\\\. Drain the seeds in a colander and dry lightly with a paper towel or tea\\ntowel. The seeds will stick to the towel, but just rub them off with your\\nfingers. Don’t worry, they don’t have to be bone dry – just a light pat down.\\n\\n4\\\\. Spread seeds onto a baking sheet and drizzle with extra virgin olive oil\\n(I only needed to use about 1/2-1 tsp). Massage oil into seeds and add a\\ngenerous sprinkle of Herbamare (or fine grain sea salt will do). Try to spread\\nout the seeds as thin as possible with minor overlapping.\\n\\n5\\\\. Roast seeds at 325F for 10 minutes. Remove from oven and stir. Roast for\\nanother 8-10 minutes (if your oven temp is wonky, this bake time could vary a\\nlot!). During the last 5 minutes of roasting, remove a few seeds and crack\\nopen to make sure the inner seeds are not burning (you don’t want the inner\\nseed brown). Cool a couple and pop them into your mouth to test. They are\\nready when the shell is super crispy and easy to bite through. The inner seed\\nshould have only a hint of golden tinge to it. They should not be brown.\\n\\n6\\\\. EAT! Remove from oven, add a bit more Herbamare, and dig in! Ah, so good,\\nso good! There is no need to remove the outer shell; it’s quite possibly the\\nbest part.\\n\\nI had no idea I was going to love freshly roasted pumpkin seeds so much. I\\nlove how crispy the outer shell is and how fun it is to crunch. They taste a\\nbit like popcorn, but they are much crunchier, filling, and of course packed\\nwith nutrition.\\n\\nYes, pumpkin seeds are super healthy for you! They are packed with iron,\\nmagnesium, fibre, zinc, potassium, healthy fats, protein, and tryptophan\\n(which can boost your mood and help you sleep). Vegans & vegetarians have been\\nusing pumpkin seeds for years as a natural source of iron. I think it’s just\\nabout my favourite way to get iron, next to Iron Woman Gingerbread Smoothies,\\nof course. Be sure to pair it with Vitamin C to absorb the most iron you can.\\n\\n7\\\\. Share with some very lucky people! (but chose them wisely...)\\n\\nI promise you’ll never throw the seeds out again.\\n\\nI want to buy pumpkins just to be able to roast another batch of seeds. And of\\ncourse, make homemade pumpkin puree. I’m already looking forward to making\\nsome different flavour combos – maybe garlic powder, cayenne, rosemary, brown\\nsugar or cinnamon, nutmeg, ground cloves, etc would both be nice to try out? I\\ncan’t wait to experiment...many ideas are a-swirlin’ in my...stomach.\\n\\n# Looking for more pumpkin recipes?\\n\\nCreamy Pumpkin Pie Smoothie for Two\\n\\nHow to roast a sugar pumpkin\\n\\nAll Natural Pumpkin Butter from Scratch (the bomb!!)\\n\\nPumpkin Pie Chia Pudding Parfait\\n\\nRaw Pumpkin Pecan Butter\\n\\nand about 30 more pumpkin recipes!\\n\\nWhat spices would YOU put on your roasted pumpkin seeds?\\n\\nTo email, text, or print the directions, click here.\\n\\nFiled Under: Anything and Everything\\n\\n0 0 votes\\n\\nRecipe Rating\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\n483 Comments\\n\\nInline Feedbacks\\n\\nView all comments\\n\\n\\\"Frog\\\"\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nThanks for the recipe! It worked out great. I divided the pan when I seasoned\\nthe seeds: 1/4 sea salt, 1/4 salt & garlic powder and 1/2 Old Bay seasoning.\\nGuess which one I hoped what the best? (It was)!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nlori\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nI just wanted to mention for your pumpkin seeds a great topping with some kick\\nto it, is sprinkling on some Clubhouse spices in Chipotle, so delicious, i\\nalso use this on kale chips, gives you awesome taste and if you like a bit of\\nheat with your chips.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nKayla\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nTry soaking in vinegar! Salt and vinegar seeds! Yummy!!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nJeanne W\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nI just made these. I’ve never done them before and I must say it was very easy\\nto do and the seeds are delicious. I will definately do them again.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nPatricia\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nHow do you store them so they stay crunchy? They turned out super crunchy from\\nthe oven. I let them cool completely, and then put them into a plastic\\ncontainer but they were soft and chewy the next day.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nPam Hammer\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nTurned out perfect, even my picky 6 year old loved them :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\nKarenMac\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nI’ve never been able to get roasted pumpkin seeds to work...these worked and\\nare soooo good. I agree they taste like popcorn!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nbig dumb dumb\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nJust eat the pumpkin from the outside like a big apple. Delicious!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nMichele\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nOh dear Lord, you are my hero. I’ve been sitting here for about 15 minutes\\nlooking up various ways to toast/roast pumpkin seeds and I’ve seen everything\\nfrom “cook for ten minutes” to “cook for 45 minutes.” I don’t even want to\\nknow what those 45 minute ones will look like. But then as I’m continuing in\\nmy Google search I see, “The first time I toasted pumpkin seeds I burnt the\\ncrap out of them.” FINALLY, someone who speaks my language! Oh my, you had me\\nlaughing from the get-go. You are now a permanent bookmark, go-to, “what’s for\\ndinner?” landmark in my computer. Thank you, thank you for making my day and\\nkeeping it real!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nJeannie\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nAll squash seeds are good roasted – today I have acorn squash seeds. And\\ncumin, garlic powder and cayenne. Yum.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nKathy\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nMade these tonight and they turned out great. Whenever I roasted pumpkin seeds\\nbefore I always burned them. Thank you! I never knew about boiling them first.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nFouzia Shibley\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nDelicious. It took another 10 minutes; total 20 to cook. Tried sprinkling\\ngarlic powder on some, cayenne pepper on another section and sea salt on the\\nrest. Each has a unique and great aftertaste. Thank you for the clear\\ndirections.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nLindsay Curren\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nI used this on pumpkin seeds last fall (fabulous results) but have been using\\nit on my butternut squash seeds after making soup and it’s every bit as tasty\\n— love it!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nColleen Carver\\n\\n5 years ago\\n\\nMine are in the oven right now and I just taste tested....the outer part of\\nthe seed is like a hard shell.....its like biting into a shell.....the middle\\ntastes good have I done something wrong?\\n\\nReply\\n\\nNancy Merrifield\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nHey how about cleaning the seeds, boiling in water to clean off, then adding\\nback a LITTLE of the pumpkin gook for flavor? am I overthinking this? but i do\\nlike the flavor the gunk provides but then they take a long to bake AND they\\nrun risk of overcooking.... i’ve used soy sauce with some sciracha and they\\nwere quite good..\\n\\nReply\\n\\nC\\n\\nReply to Nancy Merrifield\\n\\n2 years ago\\n\\nJust don’t clean or boil them. Remove chunks and strings off seeds but leave\\ngook on for flavour. I add a little salt and nothing else. Let then dry out\\ngood on a tray for a day a couple of days, stirring occasionally to keep then\\nfrom sticking to the tray and each other. Then slow roast at 250 for a couple\\nof hours. Finish at a higher heat for a few minutes if you like them a bit\\nbrowner.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAshley\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nI wasn’t definitely in the category of burnt them the first time around. I\\nhope I have better luck next time!\\n\\nReply\\n\\ngillian\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\njust used this recipe and it was perfect!!! the tip about boiling the seeds\\nbefore putting them in the oven was great....they may or may not have been\\neaten in one sitting........ thanks!!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nTori\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nPerfection! Thanks for saving halloween .... these are my treat to myself this\\nyear because I’m off sugar right now. :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAngela Liddon\\n\\nReply to Tori\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nHope you enjoyed them, Tori. and had a Happy Halloween!\\n\\nReply\\n\\ngeorge\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nHere is what i am doing with pumpkin and squash seeds for a long time. Once\\nthe seeds are roasted and cooled, I grind it to a powder form. This PPS\\n(pumpkin powdered seeds) are transferred into a glass jar and in one of the\\nsmall glass containers that is typically used for spices. I use PPS, and you\\nmay wish to use it, as an additive into many cooked and cold meals, serials,\\ndrinks, smoothies, yogurts, kefirs, over the bread spreads, all at your\\nchoice. Just shake the container (something like a salt shaker) and insert or\\nspray the PPS over the meals/drinks as desirable. I also combine the PPS with\\nother plants and fruits powders in one container. One of my favorite, which\\nfew other people also like it, is a mixture of PPS and roasted powdered hemp\\nseeds with 2% of spearmint powder or with 2% of xylitol natural sweetener. For\\nthose of you who did not know, Xylitol actually kills bacteria in mouth and\\nits degree of sweetness is equal to that of regular sugar.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nRobin Kuhar\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nHello, I want to thank you for helping me make truly addictive seeds!!! I just\\ntook them out of the oven and I can’t stop eating them!!! I did, however, do\\nsomething a little different from your recipe. I let them dry out completely\\nover night. They are so crispy and delicious. They also didn’t take very long\\nto roast. I’m so glad I bought 6 pie pumpkins!! There will be so many to go\\naround!! Thanks again!!! Robin\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAngela Liddon\\n\\nReply to Robin Kuhar\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nSo glad you found this helpful, Robin. Enjoy those pumpkin seeds!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nSilah Oyunu\\n\\n4 years ago\\n\\nThank you for sharing\\n\\nReply\\n\\nJean\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nI have tried multiple different cooking methods for pumpkin seeds: boil in\\nsalt water first, don’t boil, roast at high temp for a short time or lower\\ntemp for longer time... in all cases, the seeds I get from my small sweet\\ncooking pumpkins come out so woody that we cannot eat them.. they all end up\\nin the garbage.. any clues? I have spent hours on the internet reading\\ndifferent things and none really address this well.. one person was even a bit\\nsnotty and commented “maybe you don’t really like pumpkin seeds?”! I have\\nbought them seasoned in the States and used them on salads and none were woody\\nand inedible like the ones I’m trying to make (and yes, the ones I bought\\nstill had the shells on..)\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\\n\\nAuthor\\n\\nReply to Jean\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nHey Jean, Wow, I’m really not sure why that keeps happening to you despite\\ntrying out all different kinds of methods. How strange! Could it be that you\\nprefer pepita seeds (which are shelled pumpkin seeds) rather than the whole\\npumpkin seeds? Pepitas are light to dark green and much softer\\n\\nReply\\n\\nJulie\\n\\nReply to Jean\\n\\n2 years ago\\n\\nJean, I just saw your note in passing and thought I would comment even though\\nits been a year since you raised the question. There are multiple species in\\nthe pumpkin/squash family, and many selected varieties in each. Seeds vary by\\nspecies from thin-shelled like pictured in this post, to some that are very\\nblocky and thick-shelled. On the latter, I shell each seed as I’m eating them,\\nlike I do sunflower seeds. On the former, I find the shell tolerable to eat.\\nMaybe you have had one of the ones with the woody, thick-shelled seeds? My\\npersonal favorite are the “naked-seeded” varieties, which I have grown in my\\ngarden. They grow no hull on the seed at all! But the trade-off is that the\\nflesh of the pumpkin is very bland.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\\n\\nAuthor\\n\\nReply to Julie\\n\\n2 years ago\\n\\nHi Julie, This is so interesting! Thank you for sharing your wisdom :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\nDanielle\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nIn the process of roasting seeds – going to give it another try. To clean, I\\nthrew the seeds into a ziplock bag with a bit of water, sealed it up and\\nrubbed the baggie on the counter top. The pulp cane off very quickly. Added a\\nlittle more water to the bag to get some space between pulp and seeds, and\\nvoila less than 2 minutes and i’m Scooping the floating seeds from the baggie!\\nClean and easy!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\\n\\nAuthor\\n\\nReply to Danielle\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nGreat trick! Thanks for sharing Danielle\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAlfie Board\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nThese were brilliant, I also added a bit of sugar to the final product to add\\na bit of a sweeter vibe and this is great because it means I don’t have to\\nthrow away the seeds!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nJen\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nNOOOOOOOO don’t take away the flavor! My seeds go out of pumpkin, out of guts,\\non to oiled cookie pan, salt cayenne pepper, into oven. Pumpkin “slime”? I\\nlove it, the seeds taste so much better. All the cleaning in really\\nunnecessary, the seeds do not need it, nor do they need drying, or any other\\ntreatment. Really it is just that easy.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\\n\\nAuthor\\n\\nReply to Jen\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nI’ve since tried them this way and I have to say this method is delicious!\\nI’ll have to update my post.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nGinger Kid\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nI used this recipe to add a roasted pumpkin seed roof to my gingerbread house.\\nThey made perfect shingles for the roof.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\\n\\nAuthor\\n\\nReply to Ginger Kid\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nhaha that’s so cute...love it :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\nripple haberleri\\n\\n3 years ago\\n\\nthey look delicious :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\nCaitlee\\n\\n2 years ago\\n\\nI’ve been using this recipe for several years now, since I found it on Google.\\nWhenever I follow it right (I’ve been accidentally using waaaaay too much\\nolive oil; a little goes a lot farther than I think!), it makes absolutely\\nfantastic pumpkin scenes! Last year, I made garlic powder with cayenne pepper\\nand *loved* it, but had several requests for the standard salt. My favorite\\npart of pumpkin carving is pulling out the guts and roasting the seeds, so\\nthis year I plan to make several batches with all sorts of yummy things on\\nthem. Thanks so much for the recipe!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nkarry\\n\\n7 months ago\\n\\nGreat recipe and instructions. I thought roasting pumpkin seeds would be super\\nsimply. The first time I made them, I did not look up for any directions. Dump\\nin the pan and roast. I got burnt seeds. These instructions worked perfectly\\nand the seeds were sooooo good.\\n\\nThank you! karry\\n\\nReply\\n\\nElla\\n\\n4 months ago\\n\\nClean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to\\nmeticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The\\nbest way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk\\nthe seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it\\napart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster\\nthis way.\\n\\nNote: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than\\ncarving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super\\ncrispy!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAnna\\n\\n4 months ago\\n\\nseeds is to play around with the pumpkin guts! My nephews and I were carving a\\npumpkin and we accidentally discovered this. They’re 4, 5, and 11 so you can\\neasily figure out how we came up with this. Throw it all in a bowl using a\\nknife to help cut them out. After you get the strings and seeds in a bowl,\\njust play with it. Mash it, string it through your fingers, squish it up with\\nyour hands, whatever! My nephews pretended they were smashing each others\\nbrains like zombies (in the spirit of Halloween). The guts get absolutely\\nruined though. So if you’re one of those people that cooks the stringy stuff,\\nthis won’t work for you. They turn into a watery foamy mess in like 15 minutes\\nand the seeds fall right otf\\n\\nReply\\n\\n« Previous 1 ... 6 7 8\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n### About Angela\\n\\nI’m Angela, the founder of Oh She Glows. Since 2008, I’ve been on a journey to\\nglow from the inside out by creating crowd-pleasing plant-based recipes. I’m a\\nNew York Times Bestselling cookbook author and award-winning app creator.\\nClick below for my full story!\\n\\nRead More\\n\\n### Trending Now\\n\\n * Perfect Little Pumpkin Cookies with Spiced Buttercream\\n * Crazy Good Coconut Oil \\\"Chocolate\\\" Bark\\n * Glowing Spiced Lentil Soup\\n * Fail-Proof Vegan Chocolate Cupcakes\\n * One Bowl Vegan Banana Bread\\n\\n## Footer\\n\\n### Oh She Glows\\n\\n * My Story\\n * The App\\n * The Books\\n * OSG in the Media\\n * Archives\\n\\n### Popular\\n\\n * Recipe Search\\n * Recipe Index\\n * Cookbook Index\\n * My Favourite Skin Care Products\\n * My Most-Used Kitchen Tools\\n\\n### Follow on Social Media\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 Oh She Glows. All rights reserved. | Privacy Policy | Terms\\nof Service\\n\\nAn Elite CafeMedia Food Publisher\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":383,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":4018840,"string":"4,018,840"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Remove Ceiling Mold"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To remove mold from the ceiling, use a step ladder or stool to reach the area. Remember to put on gloves and a mask or respirator before touching or removing the mold! Then, use a paint scraper to remove the paint in the affected area. Make a mold removal solution by combining 2 tablespoons of borax, ¼ cup of vinegar and 2 cups of hot water, and spray the solution onto the affected area. Scrub the cleaner into the ceiling with the rough side of a sponge and let it dry."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20211009210951/https://greenopedia.com/clean-mold-without-bleach/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210305225702/https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20150928122613/http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210621144253/https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210518115034/https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210812093733/https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold","http://web.archive.org/web/20211112192435/https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe","http://web.archive.org/web/20210813013135/https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation","http://web.archive.org/web/20210927141745/https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal","http://web.archive.org/web/20210812092925/https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs","http://web.archive.org/web/20160329124600/http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew","http://web.archive.org/web/20211030081643/https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/","http://web.archive.org/web/20161229192254/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all","http://web.archive.org/web/20210426184051/http://removemoldguide.com/do-it-yourself/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211009210951/https://greenopedia.com/clean-mold-without-bleach/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305225702/https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150928122613/http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210621144253/https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518115034/https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210812093733/https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211112192435/https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210813013135/https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927141745/https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210812092925/https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160329124600/http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211030081643/https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161229192254/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210426184051/http://removemoldguide.com/do-it-yourself/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2204,"string":"2,204"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://greenopedia.com/clean-mold-without-bleach/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211009210951/https://greenopedia.com/clean-mold-without-bleach/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It’s Better Than Bleach)","passages":["This article may contain affiliate links. This means, at no additional cost to you, we will earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. This helps to cover our costs and keep this site going. Thanks!","If you’ve got a stale, musty odor in your basement, you may have a small water leak. Coupled with poor ventilation, the still water can quickly lead to mold build-up. These pesky mold spores also love hanging out on the ceiling and walls of poorly ventilated bathrooms.","Not only does it create some pretty ugly — and often stinky — stains, but mold can also be quite dangerous. Breathing it in or rubbing against it can cause rashes, nausea, allergies, asthma attacks, and other serious health issues.","Mold is fairly easy to kill on smooth surfaces such as tile. But it can be more difficult when it hides within the porous surfaces of wood, carpet, and drywall. So while bleach is highly effective at killing mold spores. (the active ingredient in most mold sprays), it cannot penetrate porous surfaces. Bleach also produces toxic fumes that can be as harmful to inhale as the mold itself.","The effervescent nature of hydrogen peroxide makes it more effective than chlorine bleach at reaching and killing mold on porous surfaces. It is also inexpensive and readily available at grocery stores and pharmacies.","Then, once you’ve tackled the mold stains, you can absorb any lingering odors naturally with salt water, vinegar, activated charcoal, or odor-neutralizing minerals. And to prevent musty odors from building up again in the future, be sure to fix any leaks and consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep the room dry.","If your home is severely infested, it’s best to call a mold remediation professional who can properly test your home and recommend solutions. You can also test for mold yourself with an at-home kit. Either way, be sure to also inspect any air ducts that have come into contact with the mold.","Start by opening doors and windows to allow fresh air inside the room. Do not use fans if the mold has already begun to grow, as they can spread the spores to other parts of the house.","When mold accumulates behind unfinished drywall, inside unpainted wood, underneath carpets or other places that spray solutions simply cannot reach, the material will likely need to be replaced.","And remove and discard wet insulation, so that you can also check inside the wall for mold. (Rigid insulation can be disinfected and reinstalled.)","Disinfect non-porous materials: Wash glass, plastic and metal surfaces with a solution of equal parts hot water and 3% hydrogen peroxide** (found in supermarkets & drugstores). Scrub the solution into rough surfaces, such as concrete, with a stiff brush. Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and wipe dry.","Disinfect porous materials: Scrub porous surfaces such as wood and fabric with just the 3% hydrogen peroxide** (no additional water). Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and rinse clean. Leave non-porous materials to dry over several days and monitor for mold growth and odors. If mold develops, discard the item.","**Hydrogen peroxide is considered an “oxygen bleach”. it is free from chlorine, but it can still discolor fabrics and other materials. As such, you may want to have a specialist handle items of sentimental or monetary value","Spray surface mold with 3% hydrogen peroxide and let it sit for 15 minutes, before wiping dry. Repeat as necessary, or scrub extra-stubborn stains with baking soda.","Once you’ve dealt with moldy items, place bowls of vinegar, lemon water, and/or saltwater around the room to absorb lingering odors. Let the bowls sit a few days until the smell is gone.","Since the salt, water, lemon slices, and vinegar will absorb the odor-causing bacteria, they should not be used in food or drink afterward. Instead, rinse the water and vinegar down the sink and discard lemons in the trash or compost.","If the odor in your home is extra strong, you may require an extra-strong solution that is still non-toxic. A company called EnviroKlenz has created an advanced mineral technology that completely neutralizes malodors that other solutions cannot. And they cover the gamut from HEPA air purifiers to odor neutralizing granules for the carpet and laundry.","As powerful as Enviroklenz is, there is a downside in that the Everyday Odor Eliminator is a white creamy liquid and can be quite messy to clean up. A clean alternative for neutralizing odors from surfaces is actually a mini- appliance called Force of Nature that uses water + vinegar + electrolysis to create a powerful disinfectant.","This highly effective sanitizer kills 99% of germs and has been approved by the EPA for use against SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19. And as a multipurpose cleaner, it replaces your home sanitizers, deodorizers, and disinfectants — and even your glass cleaner.","The original Starter Kit has 5 “activator capsules”, which creates 5 bottles of cleaner and you can stock up on the 25-packs of the capsules thereafter. Or you can get one of the newer starter kits that already come with either 25 capsules or 50 capsules if you don’t want to reorder for a while.","Once the mold is gone, you’ll want to keep the room dry with a dehumidifier and/or proper ventilation to prevent the mold from returning. You can also keep sachets of activated charcoal around the room. The odor-causing bacteria will be absorbed into the porous charcoal for up to three months. But you don’t have to toss it after that! Once it begins to lose its odor-absorbing abilities, simply place it in the sun for a few hours (up to a few days) to recharge.","Find practical tips and natural alternatives to the harmful toxins that invade our everyday lives. Our well-researched topics also highlight thoughtful and ethical brands. You deserve their safer, healthier products and they deserve the recognition for going the extra mile to make sure you get them.","We use cookies to measure the traffic on our website and analyze the effectiveness of our campaigns. Visit our cookie policy to learn more. OK"]},"parsed_md":"How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It's Better Than\nBleach) - Greenopedia\n\nFacebook Instagram Pinterest\n\nFacebook Pinterest\n\nClean & Deodorize\n\n# How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It’s Better Than\nBleach)\n\nBy Sheryl Ryan6 Mins Read\n\nThis article may contain affiliate links. This means, at no additional cost to\nyou, we will earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. This\nhelps to cover our costs and keep this site going. Thanks!\n\nIf you’ve got a stale, musty odor in your basement, you may have a small water\nleak. Coupled with poor ventilation, the still water can quickly lead to mold\nbuild-up. These pesky mold spores also love hanging out on the ceiling and\nwalls of poorly ventilated bathrooms.\n\nNot only does it create some pretty ugly — and often stinky — stains, but mold\ncan also be quite dangerous. Breathing it in or rubbing against it can cause\nrashes, nausea, allergies, asthma attacks, and other serious health issues.\n\nMold is fairly easy to kill on smooth surfaces such as tile. But it can be\nmore difficult when it hides within the porous surfaces of wood, carpet, and\ndrywall. So while bleach is highly effective at killing mold spores. (the\nactive ingredient in most mold sprays), it cannot penetrate porous surfaces.\nBleach also produces toxic fumes that can be as harmful to inhale as the mold\nitself.\n\nSo how can you kill mold effectively without fumes and on porous surfaces?\nHydrogen peroxide.\n\n### The fizz of hydrogen peroxide kills mold\n\nThe effervescent nature of hydrogen peroxide makes it more effective than\nchlorine bleach at reaching and killing mold on porous surfaces. It is also\ninexpensive and readily available at grocery stores and pharmacies.\n\nThen, once you’ve tackled the mold stains, you can absorb any lingering odors\nnaturally with salt water, vinegar, activated charcoal, or odor-neutralizing\nminerals. And to prevent musty odors from building up again in the future, be\nsure to fix any leaks and consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep the\nroom dry.\n\nHere’s how to tackle the mold.\n\n### Learn how to:\n\n * Remove the mold contamination\n * Clean and disinfect wet items\n * Remove stubborn mold stains\n * Absorb lingering odors\n * Keep the room odor-free\n\n## Remove the mold contamination\n\nIf your home is severely infested, it’s best to call a mold remediation\nprofessional who can properly test your home and recommend solutions. You can\nalso test for mold yourself with an at-home kit. Either way, be sure to also\ninspect any air ducts that have come into contact with the mold.\n\n#### To remediate mold issues:\n\n * Start by opening doors and windows to allow fresh air inside the room. Do not use fans if the mold has already begun to grow, as they can spread the spores to other parts of the house.\n * Put on a pair of latex gloves, protective mask, and goggles.\n * Remove all wet items from the house such as carpeting, rugs, toys, furniture, and ceiling tiles.\n\nWhen mold accumulates behind unfinished drywall, inside unpainted wood,\nunderneath carpets or other places that spray solutions simply cannot reach,\nthe material will likely need to be replaced.\n\n * Remove wet baseboards and drywall up to 12-inches above the water or mold stains.\n * And remove and discard wet insulation, so that you can also check inside the wall for mold. (Rigid insulation can be disinfected and reinstalled.)\n\n## Clean and disinfect wet items\n\nBe sure to put on a pair of latex gloves and goggles for protection before\nbeginning your cleanup.\n\n * Disinfect non-porous materials: Wash glass, plastic and metal surfaces with a solution of equal parts hot water and 3% hydrogen peroxide** (found in supermarkets & drugstores). Scrub the solution into rough surfaces, such as concrete, with a stiff brush. Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and wipe dry.\n * Disinfect porous materials: Scrub porous surfaces such as wood and fabric with just the 3% hydrogen peroxide** (no additional water). Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and rinse clean. Leave non-porous materials to dry over several days and monitor for mold growth and odors. If mold develops, discard the item.\n\n**Hydrogen peroxide is considered an “oxygen bleach”. it is free from\nchlorine, but it can still discolor fabrics and other materials. As such, you\nmay want to have a specialist handle items of sentimental or monetary value\n\n## Remove stubborn mold stains\n\nSpray surface mold with 3% hydrogen peroxide and let it sit for 15 minutes,\nbefore wiping dry. Repeat as necessary, or scrub extra-stubborn stains with\nbaking soda.\n\n## Absorb lingering odors\n\nOnce you’ve dealt with moldy items, place bowls of vinegar, lemon water,\nand/or saltwater around the room to absorb lingering odors. Let the bowls sit\na few days until the smell is gone.\n\nSince the salt, water, lemon slices, and vinegar will absorb the odor-causing\nbacteria, they should not be used in food or drink afterward. Instead, rinse\nthe water and vinegar down the sink and discard lemons in the trash or\ncompost.\n\nIf the odor in your home is extra strong, you may require an extra-strong\nsolution that is still non-toxic. A company called EnviroKlenz has created an\nadvanced mineral technology that completely neutralizes malodors that other\nsolutions cannot. And they cover the gamut from HEPA air purifiers to odor\nneutralizing granules for the carpet and laundry.\n\n### EnviroKlenz Mineral Technology\n\n$19.99\n\nEveryday Odor Eliminator\n\nBuy\n\n$15.99\n\nAbsorbent Odor Neutralizing Granules\n\nBuy\n\n$729.99\n\nHEPA Air Purifier\n\nBuy\n\n### Alternative to Enviroklenz\n\nAs powerful as Enviroklenz is, there is a downside in that the Everyday Odor\nEliminator is a white creamy liquid and can be quite messy to clean up. A\nclean alternative for neutralizing odors from surfaces is actually a mini-\nappliance called Force of Nature that uses water + vinegar + electrolysis to\ncreate a powerful disinfectant.\n\nThis highly effective sanitizer kills 99% of germs and has been approved by\nthe EPA for use against SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19.\nAnd as a multipurpose cleaner, it replaces your home sanitizers, deodorizers,\nand disinfectants — and even your glass cleaner.\n\nThe original Starter Kit has 5 “activator capsules”, which creates 5 bottles\nof cleaner and you can stock up on the 25-packs of the capsules thereafter. Or\nyou can get one of the newer starter kits that already come with either 25\ncapsules or 50 capsules if you don’t want to reorder for a while.\n\n### Toxin-Free Disinfectant & Deodorizer by Force of Nature\n\n$56\n\nMini-Appliance + 5 capsule Starter Kit\n\nBuy\n\n$76\n\nMini-Appliance + 25 capsule Starter Kit\n\nBuy\n\n$94\n\nMini-Appliance + 50 capsule Starter Kit\n\nBuy\n\n## Keep the room odor-free\n\nOnce the mold is gone, you’ll want to keep the room dry with a dehumidifier\nand/or proper ventilation to prevent the mold from returning. You can also\nkeep sachets of activated charcoal around the room. The odor-causing bacteria\nwill be absorbed into the porous charcoal for up to three months. But you\ndon’t have to toss it after that! Once it begins to lose its odor-absorbing\nabilities, simply place it in the sun for a few hours (up to a few days) to\nrecharge.\n\nResearch\n\n \n\n * http://www.fema.gov/pdf/rebuild/recover/fema_mold_brochure_english.pdf\n * http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/dehumidifiers-for-allergies\n * http://www.epa.gov/ttn/catc/dir1/fzeolite.pdf\n\n##### FREE DOWNLOAD\n\n## Natural Living Guide\n\nFind practical tips & natural alternatives to the everyday chemicals that\ninvade our lives.\n\nPrevious ArticleGet Rid of Strong Paint Fumes with Salt, Lemon, and Vinegar\n\nNext Article How to Clean Silver Naturally with an Easy Non-Toxic Tarnish\nRemover\n\n#### Related Posts\n\n## Your Guide to Buying High-Quality Essential Oils & Using Them Safely\n\n## Your Easy Guide to Essential Oil Diffusers: Nebulizing or Ultrasonic? Heat\nor Evaporative? Let’s compare.\n\n## Get the Scoop on Natural Laundry Detergents, Softeners, and Whiteners\n\n#### 3 Comments\n\n 1. Pingback: Hydrogen Peroxide vs Bleach: How They Compare\n\n 2. Pingback: When To Repair your Commercial Garage Door\n\n 3. Pingback: The Best 7 Ways for Cleaning With Hydrogen Peroxide\n\n### Leave A Reply Cancel Reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\nFind practical tips and natural alternatives to the harmful toxins that invade\nour everyday lives. Our well-researched topics also highlight thoughtful and\nethical brands. You deserve their safer, healthier products and they deserve\nthe recognition for going the extra mile to make sure you get them.\n\nFacebook Instagram Pinterest\n\n##### ONLINE COURSES\n\n© Greenopedia.com\n\n * about\n * contact\n * privacy\n * terms\n\nGet practical tips & natural, toxin-free alternatives straight to your inbox.\n\nShare72\n\nPin101\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\nPocket\n\n173Shares\n\nWe use cookies to measure the traffic on our website and analyze the\neffectiveness of our campaigns. Visit our cookie policy to learn more. OK\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305225702/https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold","passages":["The most important aspect in keeping your shower clean is to avoid the buildup of grime, mold] and mildew that inevitably come with the wettest area of your house. The easiest way to prevent this is by making sure your shower has plenty of time to air out after use. As soon as you get out of the shower, wipe the floor and close the curtain so it can fully dry out. Shower curtains are prime targets for mildew. If you have a shower with a door, leave the door open to air out the inside of the shower. Doing these simple things each day after you bathe is the easiest way to prevent mold and mildew growth.","Buying and using a shower spray is another easy way to make sure you don't get mold growing on your shower walls, curtain and door. There are plenty of brands to choose from, ranging from all-natural citrus sprays, to hardcore chemicals with strong scents. The idea is that the shower spray is used when the curtain and walls are still wet to help stop mold and mildew in their tracks.","Turning on your ventilation fan or opening the windows is another way to make sure your shower and bathroom air out properly. Start the fan before you run the water and leave it running until the steam has completely cleared out. If you have a window in your bathroom and it's a fair weather month, then open the window before you shower and leave it open until the bathroom is nice and dry.","We use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features and to analyse our traffic. We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve collected from your use of their services. You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website."]},"parsed_md":"How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold | HowStuffWorks\n\nSearchClose Search\n\nPrevNEXT\n\nAdvertisement\n\nHowStuffWorks\n\nHome & Garden\n\nHome Improvement\n\nHousehold Hints & Tips\n\nCleaning\n\n# How to Clean a Shower With Little Effort\n\nPrevNEXT\n\nBy: Emilie Sennebogen\n\n## How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold\n\nThe most important aspect in keeping your shower clean is to avoid the buildup\nof grime, mold] and mildew that inevitably come with the wettest area of your\nhouse. The easiest way to prevent this is by making sure your shower has\nplenty of time to air out after use. As soon as you get out of the shower,\nwipe the floor and close the curtain so it can fully dry out. Shower curtains\nare prime targets for mildew. If you have a shower with a door, leave the door\nopen to air out the inside of the shower. Doing these simple things each day\nafter you bathe is the easiest way to prevent mold and mildew growth.\n\nBuying and using a shower spray is another easy way to make sure you don't get\nmold growing on your shower walls, curtain and door. There are plenty of\nbrands to choose from, ranging from all-natural citrus sprays, to hardcore\nchemicals with strong scents. The idea is that the shower spray is used when\nthe curtain and walls are still wet to help stop mold and mildew in their\ntracks.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTurning on your ventilation fan or opening the windows is another way to make\nsure your shower and bathroom air out properly. Start the fan before you run\nthe water and leave it running until the steam has completely cleared out. If\nyou have a window in your bathroom and it's a fair weather month, then open\nthe window before you shower and leave it open until the bathroom is nice and\ndry.\n\n### Cite This!\n\nPlease copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com\narticle:\n\nEmilie Sennebogen \"How to Clean a Shower With Little Effort\" 4 January 2011.\nHowStuffWorks.com. 5\nMarch 2021\n\nPrint | Citation\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLearn How Everything Works!\n\nCompany\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Help\n * Sitemap\n\nInformation\n\n * Ad Choices\n * Terms\n * Reprints\n * Privacy Policy\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\nExplore\n\n * Quizzes\n * Video\n\nPrivacy PolicyTermsAd Choices\n\nDo Not Sell My Info\n\nCopyright © 2021 HowStuffWorks, a division of InfoSpace Holdings, LLC, a\nSystem1 Company\n\nPrivacy Choices\n\nWe use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media\nfeatures and to analyse our traffic. We also share information about your use\nof our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may\ncombine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve\ncollected from your use of their services. You consent to our cookies if you\ncontinue to use our website.\n\nOK\n\nInformation that may be used\n\n * Type of browser and its settings\n * Information about the device's operating system\n * Cookie information\n * Information about other identifiers assigned to the device\n * The IP address from which the device accesses a client's website or mobile application\n * Information about the user's activity on that device, including web pages and mobile apps visited or used\n * Information about the geographic location of the device when it accesses a website or mobile application\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150928122613/http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html","parsed_text":{"title":"A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home","passages":["Una Breve Guía para el Moho, la Humedad y su Hogar (PDF) (11 pp., 1.28 M, disponible en PDF). Documento de la agencia EPA número 402-K-03-008, reimprimido el 2010 de mayo.","This Guide provides information and guidance for homeowners and renters on how to clean up residential mold problems and how to prevent mold growth.","We would like to thank Paul Ellringer, PE, CIH, for providing the photo of mold on the back of wallpaper in the Hidden Mold section. Should you like to use some of the photos used in this guide, higher quality print versions are available in the Mold Gallery. These photos may be used for presentations and educational purposes without contacting EPA.","Please note that this document presents recommendations. EPA does not regulate mold or mold spores in indoor air. Find Frequently Asked Questions about mold and moisture.","If mold is a problem in your home, you should clean up the mold promptly and fix the water problem.","Molds come in many colors; both white and black molds are shown here. Click on the image for larger version.","Molds are part of the natural environment. Outdoors, molds play a part in nature by breaking down dead organic matter such as fallen leaves and dead trees, but indoors, mold growth should be avoided. Molds reproduce by means of tiny spores; the spores are invisible to the naked eye and float through outdoor and indoor air. Mold may begin growing indoors when mold spores land on surfaces that are wet. There are many types of mold, and none of them will grow without water or moisture.","Molds are usually not a problem indoors, unless mold spores land on a wet or damp spot and begin growing. Molds have the potential to cause health problems. Molds produce allergens (substances that can cause allergic reactions), irritants, and in some cases, potentially toxic substances (mycotoxins). Inhaling or touching mold or mold spores may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Allergic responses include hay fever-type symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes, and skin rash (dermatitis). Allergic reactions to mold are common. They can be immediate or delayed. Molds can also cause asthma attacks in people with asthma who are allergic to mold. In addition, mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and lungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people. Symptoms other than the allergic and irritant types are not commonly reported as a result of inhaling mold. Research on mold and health effects is ongoing.","Molds gradually destroy the things they grow on. You can prevent damage to your home and furnishings, save money, and avoid potential health problems by controlling moisture and eliminating mold growth","This [guidance] provides a brief overview; it does not describe all potential health effects related to mold exposure. For more detailed information consult a health professional. You may also wish to consult your state or local health department.","It is impossible to get rid of all mold and mold spores indoors; some mold spores will be found floating through the air and in house dust. The mold spores will not grow if moisture is not present. Indoor mold growth can and should be prevented or controlled by controlling moisture indoors. If there is mold growth in your home, you must clean up the mold and fix the water problem. If you clean up the mold, but don't fix the water problem, then, most likely, the mold problem will come back.","Who should do the cleanup depends on a number of factors. One consideration is the size of the mold problem. If the moldy area is less than about 10 square feet (less than roughly a 3 ft. by 3 ft. patch), in most cases, you can handle the job yourself, follow the guidelines. However:","If you already have a mold problem - ACT QUICKLY. Mold damages what it grows on. The longer it grows, the more damage it can cause.","If there has been a lot of water damage, and/or mold growth covers more than 10 square feet, consult EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings. Although focused on schools and commercial buildings, this document is applicable to other building types.","If you choose to hire a contractor (or other professional service provider) to do the cleanup, make sure the contractor has experience cleaning up mold. Check references and ask the contractor to follow the recommendations in EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings, the guidelines of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists (ACGIH), or other guidelines from professional or government organizations.","If you suspect that the heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) system may be contaminated with mold (it is part of an identified moisture problem, for instance, or there is mold near the intake to the system), consult EPA's guide Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned? before taking further action. Do not run the HVAC system if you know or suspect that it is contaminated with mold - it could spread mold throughout the building.","If the water and/or mold damage was caused by sewage or other contaminated water, then call in a professional who has experience cleaning and fixing buildings damaged by contaminated water.","The tips and techniques presented in this section will help you clean up your mold problem. Professional cleaners or remediators may use methods not covered in this publication. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage. It may not be possible to clean an item so that its original appearance is restored.","Mold growing on the underside of a plastic lawn chair in an area where rainwater drips through and deposits organic material. Click on the image for a larger version.","Absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpet, may have to be thrown away if they become moldy. Mold can grow on or fill in the empty spaces and crevices of porous materials, so the mold may be difficult or impossible to remove completely.","Do not paint or caulk moldy surfaces. Clean up the mold and dry the surfaces before painting. Paint applied over moldy surfaces is likely to peel.","If you are unsure about how to clean an item, or if the item is expensive or of sentimental value, you may wish to consult a specialist. Specialists in furniture repair, restoration, painting, art restoration and conservation, carpet and rug cleaning, water damage, and fire or water restoration are commonly listed in phone books. Be sure to ask for and check references. Look for specialists who are affiliated with professional organizations.","Places that are often or always damp can be hard to maintain completely free of mold. If there's some mold in the shower or elsewhere in the bathroom that seems to reappear, increasing ventilation (running a fan or opening a window) and cleaning more frequently will usually prevent mold from recurring, or at least keep the mold to a minimum","Avoid breathing in mold or mold spores. In order to limit your exposure to airborne mold, you may want to wear an N-95 respirator, available at many hardware stores and from companies that advertise on the Internet. (They cost about $12 to $25.) Some N-95 respirators resemble a paper dust mask with a nozzle on the front, others are made primarily of plastic or rubber and have removable cartridges that trap most of the mold spores from entering. In order to be effective, the respirator or mask must fit properly, so carefully follow the instructions supplied with the respirator. Please note that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that respirators fit properly (fit testing) when used in an occupational setting; consult OSHA for more information (800-321-OSHA or www.osha.gov).","Wear gloves. Long gloves that extend to the middle of the forearm are recommended. When working with water and a mild detergent, ordinary household rubber gloves may be used. If you are using a disinfectant, a biocide such as chlorine bleach, or a strong cleaning solution, you should select gloves made from natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, polyurethane, or PVC (see Cleanup and Biocides). Avoid touching mold or moldy items with your bare hands.","Wear goggles. Goggles that do not have ventilation holes are recommended. Avoid getting mold or mold spores in your eyes.","You should have completed mold removal. Visible mold and moldy odors should not be present. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage.","You should have revisited the site(s) shortly after cleanup and it should show no signs of water damage or mold growth.","Ultimately, this is a judgment call; there is no easy answer. If you have concerns or questions consult our Frequently Asked Questions database and ask a question if you don't find what you need.","When water leaks or spills occur indoors - ACT QUICKLY. If wet or damp materials or areas are dried 24-48 hours after a leak or spill happens, in most cases mold will not grow.","Make sure the ground slopes away from the building foundation, so that water does not enter or collect around the foundation.","Keep indoor humidity low. If possible, keep indoor humidity below 60 percent (ideally between 30 and 50 percent) relative humidity. Relative humidity can be measured with a moisture or humidity meter, a small, inexpensive ($10-$50) instrument available at many hardware stores.","If you see condensation or moisture collecting on windows, walls or pipes ACT QUICKLY to dry the wet surface and reduce the moisture/water source. Condensation can be a sign of high humidity.","Vent appliances that produce moisture, such as clothes dryers, stoves, and kerosene heaters to the outside where possible. (Combustion appliances such as stoves and kerosene heaters produce water vapor and will increase the humidity unless vented to the outside.)","Run the bathroom fan or open the window when showering. Use exhaust fans or open windows whenever cooking, running the dishwasher or dishwashing, etc.","Mold growing on a wooden headboard in a room with high humidity. Click on the image for a larger version.","Renters: Report all plumbing leaks and moisture problems immediately to your building owner, manager, or superintendent. In cases where persistent water problems are not addressed, you may want to contact local, state, or federal health or housing authorities. You can also contact your state health department.","Rust is an indicator that condensation occurs on this drainpipe. The pipe should be insulated to prevent condensation. Click on the image for a larger version.","Is sampling for mold needed? In most cases, if visible mold growth is present, sampling is unnecessary. Since no EPA or other federal limits have been set for mold or mold spores, sampling cannot be used to check a building's compliance with federal mold standards. Surface sampling may be useful to determine if an area has been adequately cleaned or remediated. Sampling for mold should be conducted by professionals who have specific experience in designing mold sampling protocols, sampling methods, and interpreting results. Sample analysis should follow analytical methods recommended by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), or other professional organizations.","Water stain on a basement wall -- locate and fix the source of the water promptly. Click on the image for a larger version.","You may suspect hidden mold if a building smells moldy, but you cannot see the source, or if you know there has been water damage and residents are reporting health problems. Mold may be hidden in places such as the back side of dry wall, wallpaper, or paneling, the top side of ceiling tiles, the underside of carpets and pads, etc. Other possible locations of hidden mold include areas inside walls around pipes (with leaking or condensing pipes), the surface of walls behind furniture (where condensation forms), inside ductwork, and in roof materials above ceiling tiles (due to roof leaks or insufficient insulation).","Investigating hidden mold problems may be difficult and will require caution when the investigation involves disturbing potential sites of mold growth. For example, removal of wallpaper can lead to a massive release of spores if there is mold growing on the underside of the paper. If you believe that you may have a hidden mold problem, consider hiring an experienced professional.","Biocides are substances that can destroy living organisms. The use of a chemical or biocide that kills organisms such as mold (chlorine bleach, for example) is not recommended as a routine practice during mold cleanup. There may be instances, however, when professional judgment may indicate its use (for example, when immune-compromised individuals are present). In most cases, it is not possible or desirable to sterilize an area; a background level of mold spores will remain - these spores will not grow if the moisture problem has been resolved. If you choose to use disinfectants or biocides, always ventilate the area and exhaust the air to the outdoors. Never mix chlorine bleach solution with other cleaning solutions or detergents that contain ammonia because toxic fumes could be produced.","Please note: Dead mold may still cause allergic reactions in some people, so it is not enough to simply kill the mold, it must also be removed."]},"parsed_md":"A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home | Mold and Moisture | US\nEnvironmental Protection Agency\n\nJump to main content or area navigation.\n\n * Learn the Issues\n * Science & Technology\n * Laws & Regulations\n * About EPA\n\nContact Us\n\nMold and Moisture\n\n * You are here: EPA Home\n * Air\n * Indoor Air\n * Mold and Moisture\n * A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home\n\n# A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home\n\nEPA 402-K-02-003, Reprinted September 2010\n\n(PDF, 20 pp, 1.4 M, About PDF)\n\nUna Breve Guía para el Moho, la Humedad y su Hogar (PDF) (11 pp., 1.28 M,\ndisponible en PDF). Documento de la agencia EPA número 402-K-03-008,\nreimprimido el 2010 de mayo.\n\n\"Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings\" (PDF, 56 pp, 1.6 M)\n[EPA 402-K-01-001, reprinted September 2008]\n\nOrder publications from EPA's NSCEP. Use the EPA Document Number when\nordering.\n\nThis Guide provides information and guidance for homeowners and renters on how\nto clean up residential mold problems and how to prevent mold growth.\n\n * Mold Basics\n\n * Why is mold growing in my home?\n * Can mold cause health problems?\n * How do I get rid of mold?\n * Mold Cleanup\n\n * Who should do the cleanup?\n * Mold Cleanup Guidelines\n\n * Tips and techniques\n * Bathroom Tip\n * What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas\n\n * How Do I Know When the Remediation or Cleanup is Finished?\n * Moisture and Mold Prevention and Control Tips\n\n * Actions that will help to reduce humidity\n * Actions that will help prevent condensation Tips for Renters\n * Testing or sampling for mold\n * Hidden Mold\n * Cleanup and Biocides\n\nWe would like to thank Paul Ellringer, PE, CIH, for providing the photo of\nmold on the back of wallpaper in the Hidden Mold section. Should you like to\nuse some of the photos used in this guide, higher quality print versions are\navailable in the Mold Gallery. These photos may be used for presentations and\neducational purposes without contacting EPA.\n\nPlease note that this document presents recommendations. EPA does not regulate\nmold or mold spores in indoor air. Find Frequently Asked Questions about mold\nand moisture.\n\n### Mold Basics\n\n * The key to mold control is moisture control.\n * If mold is a problem in your home, you should clean up the mold promptly and fix the water problem.\n * It is important to dry water-damaged areas and items within 24-48 hours to prevent mold growth.\n\n#### Why is mold growing in my home?\n\nMold growing outdoors on firewood.\n\nMolds come in many colors; both white and black molds are shown here. Click on\nthe image for larger version.\n\nMolds are part of the natural environment. Outdoors, molds play a part in\nnature by breaking down dead organic matter such as fallen leaves and dead\ntrees, but indoors, mold growth should be avoided. Molds reproduce by means of\ntiny spores; the spores are invisible to the naked eye and float through\noutdoor and indoor air. Mold may begin growing indoors when mold spores land\non surfaces that are wet. There are many types of mold, and none of them will\ngrow without water or moisture.\n\n#### Can mold cause health problems?\n\nMolds are usually not a problem indoors, unless mold spores land on a wet or\ndamp spot and begin growing. Molds have the potential to cause health\nproblems. Molds produce allergens (substances that can cause allergic\nreactions), irritants, and in some cases, potentially toxic substances\n(mycotoxins). Inhaling or touching mold or mold spores may cause allergic\nreactions in sensitive individuals. Allergic responses include hay fever-type\nsymptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes, and skin rash (dermatitis).\nAllergic reactions to mold are common. They can be immediate or delayed. Molds\ncan also cause asthma attacks in people with asthma who are allergic to mold.\nIn addition, mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and\nlungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people. Symptoms other than the\nallergic and irritant types are not commonly reported as a result of inhaling\nmold. Research on mold and health effects is ongoing.\n\nMagnified mold spores\n\nMolds gradually destroy the things they grow on. You can prevent damage to\nyour home and furnishings, save money, and avoid potential health problems by\ncontrolling moisture and eliminating mold growth\n\nThis [guidance] provides a brief overview; it does not describe all potential\nhealth effects related to mold exposure. For more detailed information consult\na health professional. You may also wish to consult your state or local health\ndepartment.\n\n#### How do I get rid of mold?\n\nIt is impossible to get rid of all mold and mold spores indoors; some mold\nspores will be found floating through the air and in house dust. The mold\nspores will not grow if moisture is not present. Indoor mold growth can and\nshould be prevented or controlled by controlling moisture indoors. If there is\nmold growth in your home, you must clean up the mold and fix the water\nproblem. If you clean up the mold, but don't fix the water problem, then, most\nlikely, the mold problem will come back.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Mold Cleanup\n\nWho should do the cleanup depends on a number of factors. One consideration is\nthe size of the mold problem. If the moldy area is less than about 10 square\nfeet (less than roughly a 3 ft. by 3 ft. patch), in most cases, you can handle\nthe job yourself, follow the guidelines. However:\n\nIf you already have a mold problem - ACT QUICKLY. Mold damages what it grows\non. The longer it grows, the more damage it can cause.\n\nLeaky window - mold is beginning to rot the wooden frame and windowsill.\n\n * If there has been a lot of water damage, and/or mold growth covers more than 10 square feet, consult EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings. Although focused on schools and commercial buildings, this document is applicable to other building types.\n * If you choose to hire a contractor (or other professional service provider) to do the cleanup, make sure the contractor has experience cleaning up mold. Check references and ask the contractor to follow the recommendations in EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings, the guidelines of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists (ACGIH), or other guidelines from professional or government organizations.\n * If you suspect that the heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) system may be contaminated with mold (it is part of an identified moisture problem, for instance, or there is mold near the intake to the system), consult EPA's guide Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned? before taking further action. Do not run the HVAC system if you know or suspect that it is contaminated with mold - it could spread mold throughout the building.\n * If the water and/or mold damage was caused by sewage or other contaminated water, then call in a professional who has experience cleaning and fixing buildings damaged by contaminated water.\n * If you have health concerns, consult a health professional before starting cleanup.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Mold Cleanup Guidelines\n\n#### Tips and techniques\n\nThe tips and techniques presented in this section will help you clean up your\nmold problem. Professional cleaners or remediators may use methods not covered\nin this publication. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic\ndamage. It may not be possible to clean an item so that its original\nappearance is restored.\n\nMold growing on the underside of a plastic lawn chair in an area where\nrainwater drips through and deposits organic material. Click on the image for\na larger version.\n\nMold growing on a piece of ceiling tile. Click on the image for a larger\nversion.\n\n * Fix plumbing leaks and other water problems as soon as possible. Dry all items completely.\n * Scrub mold off hard surfaces with detergent and water, and dry completely.\n * Absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpet, may have to be thrown away if they become moldy. Mold can grow on or fill in the empty spaces and crevices of porous materials, so the mold may be difficult or impossible to remove completely.\n * Avoid exposing yourself or others to mold (see discussions: What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas and Hidden Mold).\n * Do not paint or caulk moldy surfaces. Clean up the mold and dry the surfaces before painting. Paint applied over moldy surfaces is likely to peel.\n * If you are unsure about how to clean an item, or if the item is expensive or of sentimental value, you may wish to consult a specialist. Specialists in furniture repair, restoration, painting, art restoration and conservation, carpet and rug cleaning, water damage, and fire or water restoration are commonly listed in phone books. Be sure to ask for and check references. Look for specialists who are affiliated with professional organizations.\n\nBathroom Tip\n\nPlaces that are often or always damp can be hard to maintain completely free\nof mold. If there's some mold in the shower or elsewhere in the bathroom that\nseems to reappear, increasing ventilation (running a fan or opening a window)\nand cleaning more frequently will usually prevent mold from recurring, or at\nleast keep the mold to a minimum\n\nTop of page\n\n### What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas\n\nIt is important to take precautions to LIMIT YOUR EXPOSURE to mold and mold\nspores.\n\nCleaning while wearing N-95 respirator, gloves and goggles. Click on the image\nfor a larger version.\n\n * Avoid breathing in mold or mold spores. In order to limit your exposure to airborne mold, you may want to wear an N-95 respirator, available at many hardware stores and from companies that advertise on the Internet. (They cost about $12 to $25.) Some N-95 respirators resemble a paper dust mask with a nozzle on the front, others are made primarily of plastic or rubber and have removable cartridges that trap most of the mold spores from entering. In order to be effective, the respirator or mask must fit properly, so carefully follow the instructions supplied with the respirator. Please note that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that respirators fit properly (fit testing) when used in an occupational setting; consult OSHA for more information (800-321-OSHA or www.osha.gov).\n * Wear gloves. Long gloves that extend to the middle of the forearm are recommended. When working with water and a mild detergent, ordinary household rubber gloves may be used. If you are using a disinfectant, a biocide such as chlorine bleach, or a strong cleaning solution, you should select gloves made from natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, polyurethane, or PVC (see Cleanup and Biocides). Avoid touching mold or moldy items with your bare hands.\n * Wear goggles. Goggles that do not have ventilation holes are recommended. Avoid getting mold or mold spores in your eyes.\n\n#### How Do I Know When the Remediation or Cleanup is Finished?\n\nMold growing on a suitcase stored in a humid basement. Click on the image for\na larger version.\n\nYou must have completely fixed the water or moisture problem before the\ncleanup or remediation can be considered finished.\n\n * You should have completed mold removal. Visible mold and moldy odors should not be present. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage.\n * You should have revisited the site(s) shortly after cleanup and it should show no signs of water damage or mold growth.\n * People should have been able to occupy or re-occupy the area without health complaints or physical symptoms.\n * Ultimately, this is a judgment call; there is no easy answer. If you have concerns or questions consult our Frequently Asked Questions database and ask a question if you don't find what you need.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Moisture and Mold Prevention and Control Tips\n\nMoisture Control is the Key to Mold Control\n\nMold growing on the surface of a unit ventilator. Click on the image for a\nlarger version.\n\nCondensation on the inside of a windowpane.\n\n * When water leaks or spills occur indoors - ACT QUICKLY. If wet or damp materials or areas are dried 24-48 hours after a leak or spill happens, in most cases mold will not grow.\n * Clean and repair roof gutters regularly.\n * Make sure the ground slopes away from the building foundation, so that water does not enter or collect around the foundation.\n * Keep air conditioning drip pans clean and the drain lines unobstructed and flowing properly.\n * Keep indoor humidity low. If possible, keep indoor humidity below 60 percent (ideally between 30 and 50 percent) relative humidity. Relative humidity can be measured with a moisture or humidity meter, a small, inexpensive ($10-$50) instrument available at many hardware stores.\n * If you see condensation or moisture collecting on windows, walls or pipes ACT QUICKLY to dry the wet surface and reduce the moisture/water source. Condensation can be a sign of high humidity.\n\n#### Actions that will help to reduce humidity\n\n * Vent appliances that produce moisture, such as clothes dryers, stoves, and kerosene heaters to the outside where possible. (Combustion appliances such as stoves and kerosene heaters produce water vapor and will increase the humidity unless vented to the outside.)\n * Use air conditioners and/or de-humidifiers when needed.\n * Run the bathroom fan or open the window when showering. Use exhaust fans or open windows whenever cooking, running the dishwasher or dishwashing, etc.\n\n#### Actions that will help prevent condensation\n\nMold growing on a wooden headboard in a room with high humidity. Click on the\nimage for a larger version.\n\n * Reduce the humidity.\n * Increase ventilation or air movement by opening doors and/or windows, when practical. Use fans as needed.\n * Cover cold surfaces, such as cold water pipes, with insulation.\n * Increase air temperature.\n\nRenters: Report all plumbing leaks and moisture problems immediately to your\nbuilding owner, manager, or superintendent. In cases where persistent water\nproblems are not addressed, you may want to contact local, state, or federal\nhealth or housing authorities. You can also contact your state health\ndepartment.\n\n#### Testing or Sampling for Mold\n\nRust is an indicator that condensation occurs on this drainpipe. The pipe\nshould be insulated to prevent condensation. Click on the image for a larger\nversion.\n\nIs sampling for mold needed? In most cases, if visible mold growth is present,\nsampling is unnecessary. Since no EPA or other federal limits have been set\nfor mold or mold spores, sampling cannot be used to check a building's\ncompliance with federal mold standards. Surface sampling may be useful to\ndetermine if an area has been adequately cleaned or remediated. Sampling for\nmold should be conducted by professionals who have specific experience in\ndesigning mold sampling protocols, sampling methods, and interpreting results.\nSample analysis should follow analytical methods recommended by the American\nIndustrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), the American Conference of Governmental\nIndustrial Hygienists (ACGIH), or other professional organizations.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Hidden Mold\n\n#### Suspicion of hidden mold\n\nMold growing on the back side of wallpaper.\n\nWater stain on a basement wall -- locate and fix the source of the water\npromptly. Click on the image for a larger version.\n\nYou may suspect hidden mold if a building smells moldy, but you cannot see the\nsource, or if you know there has been water damage and residents are reporting\nhealth problems. Mold may be hidden in places such as the back side of dry\nwall, wallpaper, or paneling, the top side of ceiling tiles, the underside of\ncarpets and pads, etc. Other possible locations of hidden mold include areas\ninside walls around pipes (with leaking or condensing pipes), the surface of\nwalls behind furniture (where condensation forms), inside ductwork, and in\nroof materials above ceiling tiles (due to roof leaks or insufficient\ninsulation).\n\n#### Investigating hidden mold problems\n\nInvestigating hidden mold problems may be difficult and will require caution\nwhen the investigation involves disturbing potential sites of mold growth. For\nexample, removal of wallpaper can lead to a massive release of spores if there\nis mold growing on the underside of the paper. If you believe that you may\nhave a hidden mold problem, consider hiring an experienced professional.\n\n### Cleanup and Biocides\n\nBiocides are substances that can destroy living organisms. The use of a\nchemical or biocide that kills organisms such as mold (chlorine bleach, for\nexample) is not recommended as a routine practice during mold cleanup. There\nmay be instances, however, when professional judgment may indicate its use\n(for example, when immune-compromised individuals are present). In most cases,\nit is not possible or desirable to sterilize an area; a background level of\nmold spores will remain - these spores will not grow if the moisture problem\nhas been resolved. If you choose to use disinfectants or biocides, always\nventilate the area and exhaust the air to the outdoors. Never mix chlorine\nbleach solution with other cleaning solutions or detergents that contain\nammonia because toxic fumes could be produced.\n\nPlease note: Dead mold may still cause allergic reactions in some people, so\nit is not enough to simply kill the mold, it must also be removed.\n\nTop of page\n\n#### Area Navigation\n\n * Mold & Moisture Home\n\n * Basic Information\n * Where You Live\n * Frequent Questions\n * Publications\n * Glossary of Terms\n * Related Links\n * Flood Cleanup\n * Natural Emergencies\n * El medio ambiente y su salud: Moho\n\n * News Feeds\n * Podcasts\n * EPA Mobile\n * News by Email\n * Widgets\n\n * EPA Home\n * Privacy and Security Notice\n * Contact Us\n\nThe Seal of the United States Environmental Protection Agency\n\nJump to main content.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210621144253/https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/","parsed_text":{"title":"Best Dehumidifier for Mold","passages":["Dehumidifiers have been growing in popularity recently. They are useful machines that are able to remove the excess moisture from your home, while protecting all your prized belongings from damage. They are used to make the house feel more comfortable and livable.","However, the best dehumidifier for mold is also favourable because of its health benefits. These machines are especially helpful to people with asthma, as they are helped to breathe easier. This is because mold is removed from the home and air.","With all this being said, people are still wondering exactly how effective dehumidifiers are. They want to know will a dehumidifier kill mold and mold spores. This article will educate you on the answer to this query.","Dehumidifiers work by taking the hot air in a room, and passing it through a fan inside the machine. The moisture in the air is stuck inside the machine, and the resulting dry air is cycled back into the room. Once your room has been dried out with the use of a dehumidifier, there is much less of a chance that condensation will settle on your possessions.","Mold will not form, and items will remain safe and unaffected by moisture damage. The size of your dehumidifier really depends on how large the area is that you wish to keep cool and dry. The dehumidifiers vary in terms of how much moisture they can remove from a space. The smallest is 30 pints per day, and the largest is over 90 points per day.","Mold has the ability to grow anywhere that it wants to. It can be found in books, carpets, window panes, or even in your kitchen. Obviously, none of us want to be in close contact with mold, as it can potentially harm us and our families.","The most likely place that mold will be found include areas in the house that are damper than others. This could include basements or crawl spaces. This article contains a couple factors that should be taken into account when deciding the best way to use a dehumidifier to fight your mold problem.","The amount of humidity that the dehumidifier removes from your house is important to know. This is because mold in the house will remain active and toxic if the humidity is at or above a certain level. Typically, if the humidity level is above 60%, the mold will start to become a serious issue, and will not go away. With only a limited access to moisture, the mold spores will continue growing and infecting the inhabitants of the home when the humidity level is above 60%.","When dehumidifiers are set to remove enough moisture so the humidity level drops below 50-60%, the mold spores are unable to grow and spread. If this level of humidity is regulated for a certain about of time (approximately 1 week), the spores will be deprived of moisture and everything should air out. New spores will be unable to develop at all, and the air should become easier to breathe.","Checking the humidity level of the home is fairly simple. Visually, you should be able to see obvious signs of humidity, such as condensation on the windows, mildew growth, or water stains on ceilings and walls.","To test the level more accurately, you can purchase a hygrometer for your home. It is battery operated, and looks similar to a temperature gauge. By following the instructions provided by the manufacturer, you should be able to use your hygrometer to check the humidity levels of the house, and set your dehumidifier correspondingly.","Even though dehumidifiers have the ability to prevent mold growth and spread, they cannot remove spores that are already in existence. To ensure that this infectious fungus is gone for good, it needs to be removed and the area has to be continually cleaned. There are a variety of products that you can look for in the store that may assist with the removal of visible mold spores. Alternatively, simple household products such as soap, water and bleach can remove mold when regularly used.","To prevent mold from growing inside your dehumidifier, you must remember to empty it on a regular basis. The moisture bucket is a warm and damp place, which is exactly the conditions where mold is likely to form. Your dehumidifier should have a fill indicator on it, which will let you know exactly when you have to empty it. The frequency of having to empty it will depend on where you are located, and what the climate conditions are like. It can vary from once every few days, to multiple times per day.","If you are a forgetful type of person, and don’t want to worry about remembering to empty the bucket, there is an alternative. You can run a drain hose from the dehumidifier into a floor drain or sump pump. This means that the dehumidifier will automatically drain water as soon as it has been collected.","If you have a serious mold problem in your home, it is recommended that you get it professionally removed, and then continue using your dehumidifier afterwards to prevent further spore development.","To answer the question that was posed at the beginning of the article: dehumidifiers will not kill mold, because the existing spores will not be removed. However, the best dehumidifier for mold can stop the onslaught of new mold from appearing, and will work to stop any further spore growth in the house.","Have you had any luck dealing with mold in your house? Sometimes it is challenging to get rid of mold, when the typical methods prove to be ineffective. Let us know how you solved the problem, we’d love to hear it!","Do not ignore signs that you have mold in your home. It creates an unhealthy environment for all of the inhabitants, and should be dealt with before it gets worse.","I live in an area with very high humidity and have mold in the air in the house. We cannot close the house because there is no glass on the windows. Is there any chance that a dehumidifier will help or would it be a waste of money?","You’ve probably figured it out by now Shane, but if the environment is not sealed, the dehumidifier will need to work constantly to fight the encroaching moisture. Dehumidifiers are fairly expensive to run, so while this would decrease your ambient humidity (given a large enough dehumidifier), the cost would be extraordinary. (I ran mine in a sealed 10x12x7 room in Hawaii, and it cost over $100/mo) This article glossed over why the hot air condenses in the dehumidifier, but I believe it runs a compressor to create a heat pump.. making it basically an air conditioner with poor heat exchange properties, and air flow control. (And, an air conditioner serves as a dehumidifier if you were in the market for a/c)","Good Air Geeks is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We also participate in other affiliate programs where we are compensated for items purchased through links from our site (at no cost to the buyer)."]},"parsed_md":"Best Dehumidifier for Mold - Kill Mold Effectively? - Good Air Geeks\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Environment\n * Design And Architecture\n * Clean Energy\n * Reviews\n\n * Dehumidifier Reviews\n * Humidifier Reviews\n * Air Filter Reviews\n * Air Purifier Reviews\n\n# Best Dehumidifier for Mold – Kill Mold Effectively?\n\nby Gavin Wilson\n\nAir Quality Dehumidifier Reviews\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\nDehumidifiers have been growing in popularity recently. They are useful\nmachines that are able to remove the excess moisture from your home, while\nprotecting all your prized belongings from damage. They are used to make the\nhouse feel more comfortable and livable.\n\nHowever, the best dehumidifier for mold is also favourable because of its\nhealth benefits. These machines are especially helpful to people with asthma,\nas they are helped to breathe easier. This is because mold is removed from the\nhome and air.\n\nWith all this being said, people are still wondering exactly how effective\ndehumidifiers are. They want to know will a dehumidifier kill mold and mold\nspores. This article will educate you on the answer to this query.\n\nTable of Contents\n\n## How Do the Best Dehumidifier for Mold Work?\n\nDehumidifiers work by taking the hot air in a room, and passing it through a\nfan inside the machine. The moisture in the air is stuck inside the machine,\nand the resulting dry air is cycled back into the room. Once your room has\nbeen dried out with the use of a dehumidifier, there is much less of a chance\nthat condensation will settle on your possessions.\n\nMold will not form, and items will remain safe and unaffected by moisture\ndamage. The size of your dehumidifier really depends on how large the area is\nthat you wish to keep cool and dry. The dehumidifiers vary in terms of how\nmuch moisture they can remove from a space. The smallest is 30 pints per day,\nand the largest is over 90 points per day.\n\n## So, will a Dehumidifier Solve My Mold Problem?\n\nMold has the ability to grow anywhere that it wants to. It can be found in\nbooks, carpets, window panes, or even in your kitchen. Obviously, none of us\nwant to be in close contact with mold, as it can potentially harm us and our\nfamilies.\n\nThe most likely place that mold will be found include areas in the house that\nare damper than others. This could include basements or crawl spaces. This\narticle contains a couple factors that should be taken into account when\ndeciding the best way to use a dehumidifier to fight your mold problem.\n\n## Humidity Level\n\nThe amount of humidity that the dehumidifier removes from your house is\nimportant to know. This is because mold in the house will remain active and\ntoxic if the humidity is at or above a certain level. Typically, if the\nhumidity level is above 60%, the mold will start to become a serious issue,\nand will not go away. With only a limited access to moisture, the mold spores\nwill continue growing and infecting the inhabitants of the home when the\nhumidity level is above 60%.\n\nWhen dehumidifiers are set to remove enough moisture so the humidity level\ndrops below 50-60%, the mold spores are unable to grow and spread. If this\nlevel of humidity is regulated for a certain about of time (approximately 1\nweek), the spores will be deprived of moisture and everything should air out.\nNew spores will be unable to develop at all, and the air should become easier\nto breathe.\n\nChecking the humidity level of the home is fairly simple. Visually, you should\nbe able to see obvious signs of humidity, such as condensation on the windows,\nmildew growth, or water stains on ceilings and walls.\n\nTo test the level more accurately, you can purchase a hygrometer for your\nhome. It is battery operated, and looks similar to a temperature gauge. By\nfollowing the instructions provided by the manufacturer, you should be able to\nuse your hygrometer to check the humidity levels of the house, and set your\ndehumidifier correspondingly.\n\nClick For Price\n\n## Existing Mold Spores\n\nEven though dehumidifiers have the ability to prevent mold growth and spread,\nthey cannot remove spores that are already in existence. To ensure that this\ninfectious fungus is gone for good, it needs to be removed and the area has to\nbe continually cleaned. There are a variety of products that you can look for\nin the store that may assist with the removal of visible mold spores.\nAlternatively, simple household products such as soap, water and bleach can\nremove mold when regularly used.\n\n## Mold Spores\n\nTo prevent mold from growing inside your dehumidifier, you must remember to\nempty it on a regular basis. The moisture bucket is a warm and damp place,\nwhich is exactly the conditions where mold is likely to form. Your\ndehumidifier should have a fill indicator on it, which will let you know\nexactly when you have to empty it. The frequency of having to empty it will\ndepend on where you are located, and what the climate conditions are like. It\ncan vary from once every few days, to multiple times per day.\n\nIf you are a forgetful type of person, and don’t want to worry about\nremembering to empty the bucket, there is an alternative. You can run a drain\nhose from the dehumidifier into a floor drain or sump pump. This means that\nthe dehumidifier will automatically drain water as soon as it has been\ncollected.\n\nIf you have a serious mold problem in your home, it is recommended that you\nget it professionally removed, and then continue using your dehumidifier\nafterwards to prevent further spore development.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nTo answer the question that was posed at the beginning of the article:\ndehumidifiers will not kill mold, because the existing spores will not be\nremoved. However, the best dehumidifier for mold can stop the onslaught of new\nmold from appearing, and will work to stop any further spore growth in the\nhouse.\n\nHave you had any luck dealing with mold in your house? Sometimes it is\nchallenging to get rid of mold, when the typical methods prove to be\nineffective. Let us know how you solved the problem, we’d love to hear it!\n\nDo not ignore signs that you have mold in your home. It creates an unhealthy\nenvironment for all of the inhabitants, and should be dealt with before it\ngets worse.\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\nCategories Air Quality, Dehumidifier Reviews\n\n### 2 thoughts on “Best Dehumidifier for Mold – Kill Mold Effectively?”\n\n 1. Shane McRae\n\nat\n\nI live in an area with very high humidity and have mold in the air in the\nhouse. We cannot close the house because there is no glass on the windows. Is\nthere any chance that a dehumidifier will help or would it be a waste of\nmoney?\n\n * Will Ralphs\n\nat\n\nYou’ve probably figured it out by now Shane, but if the environment is not\nsealed, the dehumidifier will need to work constantly to fight the encroaching\nmoisture. Dehumidifiers are fairly expensive to run, so while this would\ndecrease your ambient humidity (given a large enough dehumidifier), the cost\nwould be extraordinary. (I ran mine in a sealed 10x12x7 room in Hawaii, and it\ncost over $100/mo) This article glossed over why the hot air condenses in the\ndehumidifier, but I believe it runs a compressor to create a heat pump..\nmaking it basically an air conditioner with poor heat exchange properties, and\nair flow control. (And, an air conditioner serves as a dehumidifier if you\nwere in the market for a/c)\n\nComments are closed.\n\n## Related Posts\n\n##### The Best Dehumidifier With Pump And Why Guide and Reviews\n\nGavin Wilson\n\n##### Best Air Purifiers for Babies\n\nCandace O\n\n##### How to Clean a Crane humidifier\n\nCandace O\n\n##### A Look At The Best Small Dehumidifiers You Can Buy\n\nGavin Wilson\n\n##### Everything You Need to Know About Air Pollution\n\nCandace O\n\n##### Hisense Dehumidifier Reviews – 2021 Reviews and Comparison\n\nGavin Wilson\n\n## FOLLOW US\n\n## Related Posts\n\nCan You Use Essential Oils on a Furnace Filter? Why or Why Not?Best\nDehumidifiers – Reviews and Buyers GuideBest Frigidaire DehumidifierThe Very\nBest Commercial Dehumidifier – 2021 Guide and ReviewsWhere is the Air\nConditioner Filter Located?\n\nGood Air Geeks is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program,\nan affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn\nadvertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We also participate\nin other affiliate programs where we are compensated for items purchased\nthrough links from our site (at no cost to the buyer).\n\nCopyright © 2021 by Good Air Geeks\n\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms Of Service\n * Contact\n * About\n\n48 shares\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518115034/https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/","parsed_text":{"title":"Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation","passages":["Most people understand that mold likes moisture. That’s why bathrooms are so vulnerable to mold. Water that gets onto the bathroom floor after showering or bathing is an obvious concern. But waterproof flooring materials like ceramic tile or sheet vinyl do a good job of minimizing the mold potential of water that gets on the floor. Of greater concern is moisture in the air –moisture that can permeate wall and ceiling materials because of poor bathroom ventilation.","When the bathroom fills with a fog of moist air while someone is taking a hot shower, thousands of moisture droplets can condense on cool wall, ceiling and window surfaces in the bathroom and also in adjacent rooms. Some of this moist air can even penetrate into unseen building cavities through cracks and gaps around electrical outlets and molding. Because damp organic material (wood, paper-faced wallboard, paint resins, paper-faced fiberglass insulation) makes ideal mold food, we have the makings of a mold invasion.","The bathroom vent fan is a major weapon against bathroom mold. The fan’s job is to move moist air outside the house before it can condense and permeate into mold-prone materials. Most building codes require that bathrooms be equipped with “active ventilation” in the form of a ventilation fan. However, the bath fan only helps to prevent mold and moisture damage if it’s turned on during bathing activities and kept on until moist air is moved outside. Who can say whether or not the next person to take a shower will remember to turn on the fan?","Another problem that can occur with bathroom vent fans has to do with how they are installed. Some builders mistakenly allow the fan to blow moist air into the attic, a practice that simply moves the mold problem to another part of the house. During cold weather, warm, moist air blown into a cooler attic will deposit its moisture on attic rafters and roof sheathing. Telltale black mold stains typically result from this ventilation error. Eventually, this mold can develop into wood rot.","Fortunately, there are several ways to make sure the bath fan is used properly to evacuate moist air. First and foremost, the fan must be ducted to the exterior, not to the attic. Best practice for bath fan installation also includes using spray foam or caulk to seal air leaks around the ceiling opening for the fan, and covering the fan with attic insulation.","To ensure that the fan is always used to exhaust moist air from the bathroom, the fan can simply be controlled by the same switch that operates to bathroom’s main light fixture. The fan comes on with the light, whether it’s needed or not. Another approach favored by many homeowners is to install a fan that is controlled by a humidistat. This device measures the bathroom’s humidity level, turning on the fan when a preset humidity level is detected. This type of sophisticated control will also turn the fan off automatically when the humidity falls below a preset level. Manufacturers like Braun and Panasonic are leading the way in developing advanced controls for bath fans that are also quiet and energy efficient.","Interested in learning about mold and how to get rid of it? I recommend checking out the EPA’s guide for mold cleanup and this very informative mold learning center.","Thanks for sharing, we had a slight mold issue I was able to get a handle on before it got to bad. My kids are horrible with turning the fan on when showering and I am convinced this was the ultimate issue, well that and the fan was not working 100% of the time. Mold removal can be such a costly en- devour! When shopping for a new Bathroom exhaust fan I found the following website helpful. http://thebathroomhomeguide.com/bathroom-exhaust-fan/","Thanks for this informative blog. I’m considering have a window to allow a better air circulation in the bathroom. Would that a good option to avoid mold?","Hey there, I really appreciate your post, it was really informative. I’ll be looking forward for Home, or kitchen exhaust fan your next post....","Great post. Which manufacturer/model would you recommend the most for ventilation? At the moment I’m looking to get Panasonic 110 CFM for my bathroom...","Treating with mold is a difficult task but the more annoying task is to recognize the mold and its symptoms. Most of times homeowners take it lightly but their after sideffects are too dangerous. Types of molds and its symptoms http://www.floodaz.com/types-of-mold/","This is a nice post about exhaust fan. Exhaust fan in hails fresh air from outside and remove air from inside the room. This post has shown some great model of exhaust fan. So thanks for writing such a awesome post.","Mold along with the bathroom ventilator is costly but this didn’t exist for a long time for me. my kids used to play with these exhaust fans as the wall mounted is little low in my home. I finally checked for various sources and finally got the exact exhaust and the ventilation fan for my bathroom from http://bestfanreviews.com/","My family and I live in Michigan. We live in an apartment on the top floor. When it is very windy outside, dark flakes come out of the bathroom ceiling fan vent. This has happened more than once. I think this started after some roofers did roof work (about two years ago). Last week, a lot of dark flakes came out of the bathroom vent. The flakes got on the toilet and floor. I called the housing inspector days ago, but he has not called me back. A maintenance guy came over yesterday, and he vacuumed out the vent. Do you know what the dark flakes are? Can they cause health problems? The maintenance guy said the stuff is dirt. The flakes don’t look like dirt.","Our vision is to help mold victims find relief, educate homeowners on sound mold prevention practices, and raise remediation standards in the mold removal industry.","The information on this site is not a substitute for experienced remediation services or professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Content on this website is for general information purposes."]},"parsed_md":"Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation - Mold Blogger\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## Join the fight!\n\nShare about your mold battle! OR Ask a question to our mold experts!\n\n## Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation\n\nAugust 12, 2013January 7, 2018 BrianReeves Black Mold, Featured, Guest Posts,\nMold Information, Mold Prevention, Toxic Mold, Water Damage\n\nA properly installed vent fan is an essential weapon against bathroom mold.\n\nMost people understand that mold likes moisture. That’s why bathrooms are so\nvulnerable to mold. Water that gets onto the bathroom floor after showering or\nbathing is an obvious concern. But waterproof flooring materials like ceramic\ntile or sheet vinyl do a good job of minimizing the mold potential of water\nthat gets on the floor. Of greater concern is moisture in the air –moisture\nthat can permeate wall and ceiling materials because of poor bathroom\nventilation.\n\nWhen the bathroom fills with a fog of moist air while someone is taking a hot\nshower, thousands of moisture droplets can condense on cool wall, ceiling and\nwindow surfaces in the bathroom and also in adjacent rooms. Some of this moist\nair can even penetrate into unseen building cavities through cracks and gaps\naround electrical outlets and molding. Because damp organic material (wood,\npaper-faced wallboard, paint resins, paper-faced fiberglass insulation) makes\nideal mold food, we have the makings of a mold invasion.\n\nVentilation to the rescue –sometimes\n\nThe bathroom vent fan is a major weapon against bathroom mold. The fan’s job\nis to move moist air outside the house before it can condense and permeate\ninto mold-prone materials. Most building codes require that bathrooms be\nequipped with “active ventilation” in the form of a ventilation fan. However,\nthe bath fan only helps to prevent mold and moisture damage if it’s turned on\nduring bathing activities and kept on until moist air is moved outside. Who\ncan say whether or not the next person to take a shower will remember to turn\non the fan?\n\nAnother problem that can occur with bathroom vent fans has to do with how they\nare installed. Some builders mistakenly allow the fan to blow moist air into\nthe attic, a practice that simply moves the mold problem to another part of\nthe house. During cold weather, warm, moist air blown into a cooler attic will\ndeposit its moisture on attic rafters and roof sheathing. Telltale black mold\nstains typically result from this ventilation error. Eventually, this mold can\ndevelop into wood rot.\n\nBathroom ventilation done right\n\nFortunately, there are several ways to make sure the bath fan is used properly\nto evacuate moist air. First and foremost, the fan must be ducted to the\nexterior, not to the attic. Best practice for bath fan installation also\nincludes using spray foam or caulk to seal air leaks around the ceiling\nopening for the fan, and covering the fan with attic insulation.\n\nTo ensure that the fan is always used to exhaust moist air from the bathroom,\nthe fan can simply be controlled by the same switch that operates to\nbathroom’s main light fixture. The fan comes on with the light, whether it’s\nneeded or not. Another approach favored by many homeowners is to install a fan\nthat is controlled by a humidistat. This device measures the bathroom’s\nhumidity level, turning on the fan when a preset humidity level is detected.\nThis type of sophisticated control will also turn the fan off automatically\nwhen the humidity falls below a preset level. Manufacturers like Braun and\nPanasonic are leading the way in developing advanced controls for bath fans\nthat are also quiet and energy efficient.\n\nInterested in learning about mold and how to get rid of it? I recommend\nchecking out the EPA’s guide for mold cleanup and this very informative mold\nlearning center.\n\nTim Snyder is an author specializing in home building topics such as mold and\nenergy efficiency.\n\n### 11 thoughts to “Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation”\n\n 1. vanessawilson says:\n\nApril 5, 2014 at 3:25 am\n\nThis very interesting information about bathroom ventilation thanks for\nsharing.\n\n 2. Tommy says:\n\nFebruary 5, 2015 at 8:17 am\n\nThanks for sharing, we had a slight mold issue I was able to get a handle on\nbefore it got to bad. My kids are horrible with turning the fan on when\nshowering and I am convinced this was the ultimate issue, well that and the\nfan was not working 100% of the time. Mold removal can be such a costly en-\ndevour! When shopping for a new Bathroom exhaust fan I found the following\nwebsite helpful. http://thebathroomhomeguide.com/bathroom-exhaust-fan/\n\n 3. Punitha says:\n\nJune 10, 2015 at 3:49 am\n\nHi,\n\nThanks for this informative blog. I’m considering have a window to allow a\nbetter air circulation in the bathroom. Would that a good option to avoid\nmold?\n\n 4. Bappy says:\n\nJune 25, 2015 at 9:34 pm\n\nHey there, I really appreciate your post, it was really informative. I’ll be\nlooking forward for Home, or kitchen exhaust fan your next post....\n\n 5. Annette J. Gordon says:\n\nMarch 8, 2016 at 3:37 am\n\nGreat post. Which manufacturer/model would you recommend the most for\nventilation? At the moment I’m looking to get Panasonic 110 CFM for my\nbathroom...\n\n 6. abd says:\n\nJune 27, 2016 at 9:56 am\n\nYes indeed, a window is better than nothing..\n\n 7. Selena says:\n\nJuly 7, 2016 at 2:54 am\n\nTreating with mold is a difficult task but the more annoying task is to\nrecognize the mold and its symptoms. Most of times homeowners take it lightly\nbut their after sideffects are too dangerous. Types of molds and its symptoms\nhttp://www.floodaz.com/types-of-mold/\n\n 8. Puspendu Seth says:\n\nOctober 25, 2016 at 4:15 am\n\nThis is a nice post about exhaust fan. Exhaust fan in hails fresh air from\noutside and remove air from inside the room. This post has shown some great\nmodel of exhaust fan. So thanks for writing such a awesome post.\n\n 9. Homer Parker says:\n\nDecember 28, 2016 at 2:13 am\n\nMold along with the bathroom ventilator is costly but this didn’t exist for a\nlong time for me. my kids used to play with these exhaust fans as the wall\nmounted is little low in my home. I finally checked for various sources and\nfinally got the exact exhaust and the ventilation fan for my bathroom from\nhttp://bestfanreviews.com/\n\n 10. Bernice Reid says:\n\nDecember 8, 2017 at 10:46 am\n\nMy family and I live in Michigan. We live in an apartment on the top floor.\nWhen it is very windy outside, dark flakes come out of the bathroom ceiling\nfan vent. This has happened more than once. I think this started after some\nroofers did roof work (about two years ago). Last week, a lot of dark flakes\ncame out of the bathroom vent. The flakes got on the toilet and floor. I\ncalled the housing inspector days ago, but he has not called me back. A\nmaintenance guy came over yesterday, and he vacuumed out the vent. Do you know\nwhat the dark flakes are? Can they cause health problems? The maintenance guy\nsaid the stuff is dirt. The flakes don’t look like dirt.\n\n 11. NFPA Construction Group says:\n\nSeptember 6, 2019 at 11:07 pm\n\nThanks for sharing this awesome blog with us.\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Looking For Something?\n\n### User Feedback\n\nASK A MOLD QUESTION\n\nSHARE YOUR MOLD STORY\n\n### Follow us\n\n### Popular Posts\n\nExamples of Mold Lawsuits 28 Jul , 2015\n\nSymptoms of Household Mold Exposure 18 Aug , 2015\n\nHow to Remove Mold and the Smell from Clothing 05 Apr , 2016\n\nMold is Dangerous: 7 Tips You Need To Know 11 Aug , 2015\n\nMold Warning Signs: How to Tell if You Have a Mold Problem 25 Mar , 2016\n\n10 Health Risks of Toxic Mold 05 Dec , 2005\n\nMold on Skin: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment 04 Apr , 2016\n\nProduct Review: Concrobium Mold Control 06 Jul , 2008\n\nToxic Mold Litigation – Do I Have A Case? 27 Jul , 2015\n\nMold Removal Cost – What You Can Expect To Pay 25 Mar , 2016\n\n### What People are Saying\n\n * R on Foods to Eat When You Have Mold or Yeast in Your Body\n * Mary on Recovering from Mold Related Illnesses\n * Rocky on 3 Reasons Why You Should Never Use Bleach To Clean Mold\n * Cindy Ceteras on You are Drinking Mold in Your Coffee\n * Michael on Examples of Mold Lawsuits\n\n### Categories\n\n * Mold Information 182\n * Featured 131\n * Uncategorized 106\n * Mold Prevention 97\n * Mold Removal 100\n\nOur vision is to help mold victims find relief, educate homeowners on sound\nmold prevention practices, and raise remediation standards in the mold removal\nindustry.\n\nThe information on this site is not a substitute for experienced remediation\nservices or professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Content on\nthis website is for general information purposes.\n\n\\- Brian Reeves - Mold Blogger All rights reserved. Theme by Colorlib Powered\nby WordPress\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210812093733/https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Prevent Mold","passages":["The main things mold needs to grow in a home are organic materials to feed on and moisture. In houses there are always plenty of organic materials for mold to live on such as wood, drywall and various other building materials.","Moisture, on the other hand, can be controlled practically and so keeping the moisture in your home low is the best way to prevent mold growth.","Most molds need 24-48 hours of moisture to begin to grow. Therefore if a suitable material in your home is wet for more than 24 hours then you run the risk of mold starting to grow.","There are a few main things which usually cause moisture problems in the home. One is water leaks. These include things such as leaking roofs or walls, leaking pipes and leaking taps or a leaking shower.","If you know of any leaks in your home you should fix them without delay. You might need to inspect your home to find any water leaks you didn't know about.","Condensation is another frequent cause of moisture. Condensation forms on cold surfaces when water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid. Often you'll see condensation on metal pipes, concrete walls, water tanks and windows.","One way to reduce condensation is to keep the temperature warmer in rooms. For example, by installing insulation. You can also insulate the surfaces themselves such as putting coverings over metal pipes. You'll also have less condensation occurring if you keep the humidity in your home low.","Many species of mold can begin to grow from humidity alone if the humidity stays high for long enough. In fact the humidity only needs to be higher than 55% before some molds can begin to grow.","The best way to keep humidity low in your home is through ventilation. Open the windows during the day, especially when it's hot since this is when humidity is usually the lowest outside. Close your windows when it's raining outside though.","It's especially important to ventilate the rooms where steam and moisture builds up, like the kitchen and bathroom. Exhaust fans help to reduce the humidity when doing things like cooking or washing dishes.","One common cause of moisture problems in homes is wet clothes. After you've washed your clothes you should immediately dry them. Don't leave them sitting in a wet pile for a long time. Make sure not to leave any wet clothes lying around waiting to be washed too.","It's best to dry your clothes outside on a clothes line if you can. Hanging them inside on a clothes horse or indoor clothes line will not dry them as quickly and the moisture from your clothes will evaporate into the air, raising the humidity. If you dry them in a clothes dryer inside your home then you should exhaust the air outdoors if possible. In either case make sure the room where you're drying your clothes is well ventilated.","Once mold has begun to grow in your home it's not enough to just take away the mold's moisture source. Mold that runs out of moisture can lie dormant for a long time without dying. So if you already have mold growth in your home you need to take steps to have it removed.","Mold grows and feeds on organic substances such as wood or cotton. Mold should not grow on surfaces like plastic, metal or glass unless there is a layer of grease or some other organic substance which it can feed on.","Some materials mold commonly grows on in the home include wood, carpet, food, paper, insulation, wallpaper, paint, wallpaper glue, plasterboard, fabrics, cotton, books, leather, chipboard, furniture, dust, ceiling tiles, inside air conditioners and almost any other organic material.","You should clean regularly to reduce dirt and grime which mold can live on. Dust and vacuum often, ideally with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filtered vacuum cleaner to remove dust and other substances that mold can grow off of. It has been found that 80% of mold grows on dust.","Mold spores are everywhere in the air outside. They float through buildings all the time and there is no practical way to remove all mold spores indoors.","However if the concentration of mold spores inside is significantly higher than outside then it can start to cause health issues. A higher amount of mold spores also increases the potential for mold problems to start.","Mold spores enter homes through windows, doors, air ducts, etc. They can also be transported inside attached to skin, clothing, hair, pets, etc.","Although you cannot eliminate all mold spores inside your home or prevent all mold spores from entering, minimizing the amount of spores will prevent you from suffering mold related health problems and lessen the chance of mold beginning to grow in your home.","To minimize mold spores clean and dust often. Also vacuum your home regularly, preferably with a HEPA vacuum cleaner to remove mold spores. HEPA air filters in your home also help remove mold spores from the air.","Mold loves dark spaces indoors to grow in. Allowing sunlight in will reduce the chances of mold growing so open the curtains in rooms during the day to let natural light in.","Mold generally does not grow in cold environments. Warm, humid conditions are ideal for mold growth. Most molds need temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit (20 degrees Celsius) or more to grow."]},"parsed_md":"How to Prevent Mold\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\n\n# How to Prevent Mold\n\nThe main things mold needs to grow in a home are organic materials to feed on\nand moisture. In houses there are always plenty of organic materials for mold\nto live on such as wood, drywall and various other building materials.\n\nMoisture, on the other hand, can be controlled practically and so keeping the\nmoisture in your home low is the best way to prevent mold growth.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Moisture\n\nMost molds need 24-48 hours of moisture to begin to grow. Therefore if a\nsuitable material in your home is wet for more than 24 hours then you run the\nrisk of mold starting to grow.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Water Leaks\n\nThere are a few main things which usually cause moisture problems in the home.\nOne is water leaks. These include things such as leaking roofs or walls,\nleaking pipes and leaking taps or a leaking shower.\n\nIf you know of any leaks in your home you should fix them without delay. You\nmight need to inspect your home to find any water leaks you didn't know about.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Condensation\n\nCondensation is another frequent cause of moisture. Condensation forms on cold\nsurfaces when water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid. Often you'll\nsee condensation on metal pipes, concrete walls, water tanks and windows.\n\nOne way to reduce condensation is to keep the temperature warmer in rooms. For\nexample, by installing insulation. You can also insulate the surfaces\nthemselves such as putting coverings over metal pipes. You'll also have less\ncondensation occurring if you keep the humidity in your home low.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Reducing Humidity\n\nDehumidifier\n\nMany species of mold can begin to grow from humidity alone if the humidity\nstays high for long enough. In fact the humidity only needs to be higher than\n55% before some molds can begin to grow.\n\nThe best way to keep humidity low in your home is through ventilation. Open\nthe windows during the day, especially when it's hot since this is when\nhumidity is usually the lowest outside. Close your windows when it's raining\noutside though.\n\nIt's especially important to ventilate the rooms where steam and moisture\nbuilds up, like the kitchen and bathroom. Exhaust fans help to reduce the\nhumidity when doing things like cooking or washing dishes.\n\nAir conditioners can also reduce household humidity, as can using\ndehumidifiers in your home.\n\n## Wet Clothes and Preventing Mold\n\nOne common cause of moisture problems in homes is wet clothes. After you've\nwashed your clothes you should immediately dry them. Don't leave them sitting\nin a wet pile for a long time. Make sure not to leave any wet clothes lying\naround waiting to be washed too.\n\nIt's best to dry your clothes outside on a clothes line if you can. Hanging\nthem inside on a clothes horse or indoor clothes line will not dry them as\nquickly and the moisture from your clothes will evaporate into the air,\nraising the humidity. If you dry them in a clothes dryer inside your home then\nyou should exhaust the air outdoors if possible. In either case make sure the\nroom where you're drying your clothes is well ventilated.\n\nMold and Clothes\n\n## Removing Mold\n\nOnce mold has begun to grow in your home it's not enough to just take away the\nmold's moisture source. Mold that runs out of moisture can lie dormant for a\nlong time without dying. So if you already have mold growth in your home you\nneed to take steps to have it removed.\n\nKilling Mold\n\nMold Removal and Remediation\n\n## Mold Food Sources and Cleaning to Prevent Mold\n\nMold grows and feeds on organic substances such as wood or cotton. Mold should\nnot grow on surfaces like plastic, metal or glass unless there is a layer of\ngrease or some other organic substance which it can feed on.\n\nSome materials mold commonly grows on in the home include wood, carpet, food,\npaper, insulation, wallpaper, paint, wallpaper glue, plasterboard, fabrics,\ncotton, books, leather, chipboard, furniture, dust, ceiling tiles, inside air\nconditioners and almost any other organic material.\n\nYou should clean regularly to reduce dirt and grime which mold can live on.\nDust and vacuum often, ideally with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air)\nfiltered vacuum cleaner to remove dust and other substances that mold can grow\noff of. It has been found that 80% of mold grows on dust.\n\nFor more information about vacuum cleaners and mold visit Vacuum Mold.\n\n## Minimizing Mold Spores to Prevent Mold\n\nMold spores are everywhere in the air outside. They float through buildings\nall the time and there is no practical way to remove all mold spores indoors.\n\nHowever if the concentration of mold spores inside is significantly higher\nthan outside then it can start to cause health issues. A higher amount of mold\nspores also increases the potential for mold problems to start.\n\nMold spores enter homes through windows, doors, air ducts, etc. They can also\nbe transported inside attached to skin, clothing, hair, pets, etc.\n\nAlthough you cannot eliminate all mold spores inside your home or prevent all\nmold spores from entering, minimizing the amount of spores will prevent you\nfrom suffering mold related health problems and lessen the chance of mold\nbeginning to grow in your home.\n\nTo minimize mold spores clean and dust often. Also vacuum your home regularly,\npreferably with a HEPA vacuum cleaner to remove mold spores. HEPA air filters\nin your home also help remove mold spores from the air.\n\n## Sunlight to Prevent Mold\n\nMold loves dark spaces indoors to grow in. Allowing sunlight in will reduce\nthe chances of mold growing so open the curtains in rooms during the day to\nlet natural light in.\n\n## Warmth and Preventing Mold\n\nMold generally does not grow in cold environments. Warm, humid conditions are\nideal for mold growth. Most molds need temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit\n(20 degrees Celsius) or more to grow.\n\nAir conditioners to regulate the temperature of your house can help prevent\nmold growth.\n\nFor more information about what the common causes of mold are in the home go\nto Mold Causes.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211112192435/https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe","parsed_text":{"title":"Is Borax Safe: To Ingest, For Kids, on Skin, and More","passages":["Borax, also called sodium tetraborate, is a powdery white mineral that has been used as a cleaning product for several decades. It has many uses:","In cosmetic products, borax is sometimes used as an emulsifier, buffering agent, or preservative for moisturizing products, creams, shampoos, gels, lotions, bath bombs, scrubs, and bath salts.","Borax is also an ingredient combined with glue and water to make “slime,” a gooey material that many kids enjoy playing with.","Today, modern ingredients have mostly replaced the use of borax in cleansers and cosmetics. And slime can be made out of other ingredients, such as cornstarch. But some people continue to use borax because it has been advertised as a “green” ingredient. But is it safe?","Borax is marketed as a green product because it doesn’t contain phosphates or chlorine. Instead, its main ingredient is sodium tetraborate, a naturally occurring mineral.","People sometimes confuse sodium tetraborate — the main ingredient in borax — and boric acid, which has similar properties. Boric acid, however, is usually used exclusively as a pesticide and is much more toxic than sodium tetraborate, so it should be handled with extra special care.","While borax may be natural, that doesn’t mean it’s completely safe. Borax often comes in a box with a caution label warning users that the product is an eye irritant and that it may be harmful if swallowed. While people are mostly exposed to borax in their homes, they may also encounter it at work, such as in factories or at borax mining and refining plants.","The National Institutes of Health has found that borax has been associated with several adverse health effects in humans. These include:","Borax exposure can irritate the skin or eyes and can also irritate the body if inhaled or exposed. People have reported burns from borax exposure to their skin. Signs of borax exposure include:","High exposure to borax (and boric acid) is believed to disrupt the body’s hormones. They may especially impair male reproduction, reducing sperm count and libido.","In one study, scientists found that rats fed borax experienced atrophy of their testes, or reproductive organs. In women, borax may reduce ovulation and fertility. In pregnant lab animals, high-level exposures to borax was found to cross the placenta border, harming fetal development and causing low birth weight.","Borax is quickly broken down by the body if ingested and inhaled. Scientists have linked borax exposure — even from cosmetics — to organ damage and serious poisonings.","If a young child ingests as little as 5 to 10 grams of borax, they may experience severe vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and death. Small children can be exposed to borax through hand-to-mouth transfer, especially if they play with slime made with borax or crawl around the floor where pesticides have been applied.","According to the David Suzuki Foundation, borax poses significant health risks. To reduce that risk, people can replace the borax-containing products they normally use with safer alternatives. Some alternatives to borax it suggests include:","Canada and the European Union restrict the use of borax in some cosmetic and health products and require that any products containing these ingredients be labeled as inappropriate for use on broken or damaged skin. Such safety regulations don’t exist in the United States.","Generally, borax has been found as safe to use as a cleaning product if you take the appropriate precautions. Using borax safely involves minimizing your routes of exposure.","Never leave borax in the reach of children, whether it’s in a box or used around the house. Don’t use borax to make slime with kids.","Avoid using borax and boric acid products around pets. This includes avoiding use of borax as a pesticide on the ground, where pets may be commonly exposed.","Keep borax away from your eyes, nose, and mouth to minimize your risks of exposure when using as a cleaning product.","Cover any open wounds on your hands when using borax. Borax is more easily absorbed through open wounds on the skin, so keeping them covered can reduce your risk of exposure.","If you want to make a completely safe slime for your kid to play with, click here for a simple recipe.","In the event that someone ingests or inhales borax, especially a child, call the American Association of Poison Control Centers immediately at 1-800-222-1222. Medical experts will advise you how to act. How the situation is handled depends on the age and size of the person, as well as the dose of borax they were exposed to.","Find information on isopropyl alcohol poisoning symptoms, causes, and diagnosis. Learn what to do if you suspect you have isopropyl alcohol poisoning.","Discover why gasoline exposure can be dangerous for your health. Learn about gasoline poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, when to seek help, and...","The Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to purchase or use nitrite poppers because they can cause serious health problems, including...","New research from the University of Notre Dame found that nearly half of cosmetic products tested in a study contained per- and polyfluoroalkyl...","Mad hatter disease is a form of chronic mercury poisoning. It got its name because it commonly affected hat makers in the 18th to 20th centuries.","Pesticides are used in farming to kill weeds and insects. This article explores whether the pesticide residues in foods are harmful to human health.","The chemicals used to cool appliances like air conditioners are known as refrigerant. Refrigerant can be poisonous if you’re exposed to it for too...","© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.","© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information."]},"parsed_md":"Is Borax Safe: To Ingest, For Kids, on Skin, and More\n\n# Is Borax Toxic?\n\nMedically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI — Written by\nErica Cirino — Updated on May 29, 2018\n\nShare on Pinterest\n\n##\n\nWhat is borax?\n\nBorax, also called sodium tetraborate, is a powdery white mineral that has\nbeen used as a cleaning product for several decades. It has many uses:\n\n * It helps get rid of stains, mold, and mildew around the house.\n * It can kill insects such as ants.\n * It’s used in laundry detergents and household cleansers to help whiten and get rid of dirt.\n * It can neutralize odors and soften hard water.\n\nIn cosmetic products, borax is sometimes used as an emulsifier, buffering\nagent, or preservative for moisturizing products, creams, shampoos, gels,\nlotions, bath bombs, scrubs, and bath salts.\n\nBorax is also an ingredient combined with glue and water to make “slime,” a\ngooey material that many kids enjoy playing with.\n\nToday, modern ingredients have mostly replaced the use of borax in cleansers\nand cosmetics. And slime can be made out of other ingredients, such as\ncornstarch. But some people continue to use borax because it has been\nadvertised as a “green” ingredient. But is it safe?\n\n##\n\nIs borax safe to ingest or put on your skin?\n\nBorax is marketed as a green product because it doesn’t contain phosphates or\nchlorine. Instead, its main ingredient is sodium tetraborate, a naturally\noccurring mineral.\n\nPeople sometimes confuse sodium tetraborate — the main ingredient in borax —\nand boric acid, which has similar properties. Boric acid, however, is usually\nused exclusively as a pesticide and is much more toxic than sodium\ntetraborate, so it should be handled with extra special care.\n\nWhile borax may be natural, that doesn’t mean it’s completely safe. Borax\noften comes in a box with a caution label warning users that the product is an\neye irritant and that it may be harmful if swallowed. While people are mostly\nexposed to borax in their homes, they may also encounter it at work, such as\nin factories or at borax mining and refining plants.\n\nThe National Institutes of Health has found that borax has been associated\nwith several adverse health effects in humans. These include:\n\n * irritation\n * hormone issues\n * toxicity\n * death\n\n### Irritation\n\nBorax exposure can irritate the skin or eyes and can also irritate the body if\ninhaled or exposed. People have reported burns from borax exposure to their\nskin. Signs of borax exposure include:\n\n * skin rash\n * mouth infection\n * vomiting\n * eye irritation\n * nausea\n * respiratory problems\n\n### Hormone problems\n\nHigh exposure to borax (and boric acid) is believed to disrupt the body’s\nhormones. They may especially impair male reproduction, reducing sperm count\nand libido.\n\nIn one study, scientists found that rats fed borax experienced atrophy of\ntheir testes, or reproductive organs. In women, borax may reduce ovulation and\nfertility. In pregnant lab animals, high-level exposures to borax was found to\ncross the placenta border, harming fetal development and causing low birth\nweight.\n\n### Toxicity\n\nBorax is quickly broken down by the body if ingested and inhaled. Scientists\nhave linked borax exposure — even from cosmetics — to organ damage and serious\npoisonings.\n\n### Death\n\nIf a young child ingests as little as 5 to 10 grams of borax, they may\nexperience severe vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and death. Small children can be\nexposed to borax through hand-to-mouth transfer, especially if they play with\nslime made with borax or crawl around the floor where pesticides have been\napplied.\n\nFatal doses of borax exposure for adults are estimated at 10 to 25 grams.\n\nAccording to the David Suzuki Foundation, borax poses significant health\nrisks. To reduce that risk, people can replace the borax-containing products\nthey normally use with safer alternatives. Some alternatives to borax it\nsuggests include:\n\n * Disinfectants such as food-grade hydrogen peroxide, half a lemon, salt, white vinegar, and essential oils.\n * Clothing detergents such as liquid or powdered oxygen bleach, baking soda, and washing soda.\n * Mold and mildew fighters such as salt or white vinegar.\n * Cosmetics that contain natural ingredients other than borax or boric acid.\n\nCanada and the European Union restrict the use of borax in some cosmetic and\nhealth products and require that any products containing these ingredients be\nlabeled as inappropriate for use on broken or damaged skin. Such safety\nregulations don’t exist in the United States.\n\n##\n\nHow to safely use borax\n\nGenerally, borax has been found as safe to use as a cleaning product if you\ntake the appropriate precautions. Using borax safely involves minimizing your\nroutes of exposure.\n\nHere’s safety tips to follow:\n\n * Do not use cosmetic products that contain borax.\n * Avoid inhaling borax powder by always keeping it a safe distance from your mouth.\n * Use gloves when using borax as a cleaning agent around the house.\n * Fully rinse the area you’re cleaning with water after washing with borax.\n * Wash your hands with soap after using borax if it gets on your skin.\n * Make sure clothes washed with borax are fully rinsed before drying and wearing them.\n * Never leave borax in the reach of children, whether it’s in a box or used around the house. Don’t use borax to make slime with kids.\n * Avoid using borax and boric acid products around pets. This includes avoiding use of borax as a pesticide on the ground, where pets may be commonly exposed.\n * Keep borax away from your eyes, nose, and mouth to minimize your risks of exposure when using as a cleaning product.\n * Cover any open wounds on your hands when using borax. Borax is more easily absorbed through open wounds on the skin, so keeping them covered can reduce your risk of exposure.\n\nIf you want to make a completely safe slime for your kid to play with, click\nhere for a simple recipe.\n\n> In an emergency\n>\n> In the event that someone ingests or inhales borax, especially a child, call\n> the American Association of Poison Control Centers immediately at\n> 1-800-222-1222. Medical experts will advise you how to act. How the\n> situation is handled depends on the age and size of the person, as well as\n> the dose of borax they were exposed to.\n\nLast medically reviewed on May 29, 2018\n\nMedically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI — Written by\nErica Cirino — Updated on May 29, 2018\n\n### Read this next\n\n * How to Handle School Sick Days\n\nMedically reviewed by Tyler Walker, MD\n\nUse this guide to help decide whether or not your child should take a sick day\nfrom school.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Isopropyl Alcohol Poisoning\n\nMedically reviewed by Femi Aremu, PharmD\n\nFind information on isopropyl alcohol poisoning symptoms, causes, and\ndiagnosis. Learn what to do if you suspect you have isopropyl alcohol\npoisoning.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Gasoline and Health\n\nMedically reviewed by Lauren Castiello, MS, AGNP-C\n\nDiscover why gasoline exposure can be dangerous for your health. Learn about\ngasoline poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, when to seek help, and...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Why Is the FDA Warning About Nitrite Poppers?\n\nThe Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to purchase or use\nnitrite poppers because they can cause serious health problems, including...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What’s in Your Lipstick? Study Finds ‘Forever Chemicals’ Common in Cosmetics\n\nNew research from the University of Notre Dame found that nearly half of\ncosmetic products tested in a study contained per- and polyfluoroalkyl...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What Is Mad Hatter Disease (Erethism)?\n\nMedically reviewed by Nancy Hammond, M.D.\n\nMad hatter disease is a form of chronic mercury poisoning. It got its name\nbecause it commonly affected hat makers in the 18th to 20th centuries.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Are Pesticides in Foods Harming Your Health?\n\nWritten by Matthew Thorpe, MD, PhD and Rachael Link, MS, RD\n\nPesticides are used in farming to kill weeds and insects. This article\nexplores whether the pesticide residues in foods are harmful to human health.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Refrigerant Poisoning\n\nMedically reviewed by Cynthia Taylor Chavoustie, MPAS, PA-C\n\nThe chemicals used to cool appliances like air conditioners are known as\nrefrigerant. Refrigerant can be poisonous if you’re exposed to it for too...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Settings\n * Advertising Policy\n * Health Topics\n\n * Medical Affairs\n * Content Integrity\n * Newsletters\n * © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\n\n© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\nHealthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nadditional information.\n\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210813013135/https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation","parsed_text":{"title":"Mold Remediation Process, Abatement, Clean up","passages":["However, if the mold in your home is not toxic and the area of mold growth is small (less than 10 square feet, or the equivalent of roughly a 3 by 3 foot patch) then you can perform the mold remediation yourself if you wish.","The mold remediation process is one of the times when mold spores are most likely to be disturbed into the air.","If you need to remove a large amount of mold then you may decide to seal off the room to prevent any mold spores from spreading to the rest of the house. To seal off the room you are about to clean use plastic sheets with duct tape to cover doorways, vents and any other openings.","You also need to minimize dust as mold spores often stick to dust and are then transported around your home by the dust particles.","You may also wish to use negative pressure in the room you are cleaning. To do this run an exhaust fan blowing out of a window, or partially opened door if you have to, to blow air outside of the house. This way mold spores that are stirred up during the removal process should mostly end up outside. Also make sure you turn off any air conditioning systems in the house before you begin cleaning up the mold.","During the mold removal is the time when mold spores are most likely to be stirred up into the air. To reduce this you should begin my moistening any dry mold growth as dry mold will allow many more spores to escape into the air when disturbed. Use a spray bottle of water to wet the dry mold slightly.","After this use a solution to remove the mold from the surface. Different solutions will work better for different surfaces.","Next use a mold killing solution to clean surfaces that had mold growth and even surfaces which were free of mold, because all of the surfaces in the room will have some amount of mold spores on them. These mold spores can grow into mold later if moisture accumulates in the room again so killing them will help prevent the mold coming back.","Non-porous materials (eg glass, metal, hard plastic) that once had mold on them can be used again after you have completely cleaned the visible mold from the surface. Because the materials are non-porous there will be no more mold below the surface so cleaning the surface mold will take care of the problem.","For porous materials (eg drywall, carpet, books) that have had mold growing on them you should decide whether they are salvageable on a case by case basis depending on how severe the mold growth is and how valuable the item is to you. If the item is not highly valuable to you and the mold growth is extensive so that the item is beyond repair then the best option is to dispose of it and replace it.","After you have removed the mold and disinfected the surfaces allow them to dry completely. Once everything is completely dry vacuum the room with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to remove any residual spores and mold. To find out more about vacuum cleaners and mold go to Vacuuming Mold.","After the clean up process remove mold and moldy items, as well as the contents of the HEPA vacuum cleaner, from your home in completely sealed plastic bags. If possible do not take the plastic bags through the house but pass them directly to the outside through a window in the room or a door.","You should clean each room one at a time, completely finishing the mold removal process before moving onto any other rooms with mold growth and re- sealing and repeating the process."]},"parsed_md":"Mold Remediation Process, Abatement, Clean up\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\n\n# Mold Remediation\n\nWhen it comes to remediating mold it's always best to hire a professional mold\nremoval and remediation service.\n\nHowever, if the mold in your home is not toxic and the area of mold growth is\nsmall (less than 10 square feet, or the equivalent of roughly a 3 by 3 foot\npatch) then you can perform the mold remediation yourself if you wish.\n\n## Mold Remediation Overview\n\nThe main steps in mold remediation and abatement are:\n\n 1. Wear protective equipment\n 2. Contain mold spores\n 3. Set up negative pressure\n 4. Remove the mold\n 5. Prevent mold returning\n 6. Clean belongings\n 7. HEPA vacuum\n 8. Dispose of the mold\n\n## Protective Equipment for Mold Remediation\n\nA mold removal professional\n\nThe mold remediation process is one of the times when mold spores are most\nlikely to be disturbed into the air.\n\nThis is why you should wear protective clothing and equipment while performing\nmold remediation.\n\nProtective equipment for mold remediation includes:\n\n * Dust filter mask or respirator\n * Goggles\n * Gloves\n * Protective clothing that covers your whole body and can be easily cleaned or disposed of\n\nYou should decide how much protective equipment you need to use depending on\nhow severe the mold problem is.\n\n## Contain Mold Spores During Remediation\n\nIf you need to remove a large amount of mold then you may decide to seal off\nthe room to prevent any mold spores from spreading to the rest of the house.\nTo seal off the room you are about to clean use plastic sheets with duct tape\nto cover doorways, vents and any other openings.\n\nYou also need to minimize dust as mold spores often stick to dust and are then\ntransported around your home by the dust particles.\n\n## Negative Pressure While Removing Mold\n\nYou may also wish to use negative pressure in the room you are cleaning. To do\nthis run an exhaust fan blowing out of a window, or partially opened door if\nyou have to, to blow air outside of the house. This way mold spores that are\nstirred up during the removal process should mostly end up outside. Also make\nsure you turn off any air conditioning systems in the house before you begin\ncleaning up the mold.\n\n## Removing the Mold\n\nDuring the mold removal is the time when mold spores are most likely to be\nstirred up into the air. To reduce this you should begin my moistening any dry\nmold growth as dry mold will allow many more spores to escape into the air\nwhen disturbed. Use a spray bottle of water to wet the dry mold slightly.\n\nAfter this use a solution to remove the mold from the surface. Different\nsolutions will work better for different surfaces.\n\nThe Mold Removal page describes how to kill mold with several solutions such\nas:\n\n * Bleach\n * Borax\n * Vinegar\n * Ammonia\n\n## Prevent Mold Returning After Remediation\n\nNext use a mold killing solution to clean surfaces that had mold growth and\neven surfaces which were free of mold, because all of the surfaces in the room\nwill have some amount of mold spores on them. These mold spores can grow into\nmold later if moisture accumulates in the room again so killing them will help\nprevent the mold coming back.\n\n## Cleaning Moldy Belongings and Materials\n\nNon-porous materials (eg glass, metal, hard plastic) that once had mold on\nthem can be used again after you have completely cleaned the visible mold from\nthe surface. Because the materials are non-porous there will be no more mold\nbelow the surface so cleaning the surface mold will take care of the problem.\n\nFor porous materials (eg drywall, carpet, books) that have had mold growing on\nthem you should decide whether they are salvageable on a case by case basis\ndepending on how severe the mold growth is and how valuable the item is to\nyou. If the item is not highly valuable to you and the mold growth is\nextensive so that the item is beyond repair then the best option is to dispose\nof it and replace it.\n\n## HEPA Vacuuming\n\nAfter you have removed the mold and disinfected the surfaces allow them to dry\ncompletely. Once everything is completely dry vacuum the room with a HEPA\nfiltered vacuum cleaner to remove any residual spores and mold. To find out\nmore about vacuum cleaners and mold go to Vacuuming Mold.\n\n## Disposing of the Mold\n\nAfter the clean up process remove mold and moldy items, as well as the\ncontents of the HEPA vacuum cleaner, from your home in completely sealed\nplastic bags. If possible do not take the plastic bags through the house but\npass them directly to the outside through a window in the room or a door.\n\nYou should clean each room one at a time, completely finishing the mold\nremoval process before moving onto any other rooms with mold growth and re-\nsealing and repeating the process.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927141745/https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal","parsed_text":{"title":"Mold Removal, How to Kill Mold with Bleach, Borax, Vinegar","passages":["There are several products you can use to kill and remove mold. Some of the most effective mold removal products include:","The How to Kill Mold on Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles and Grout page also provides instructions for removing mold from specific materials.","The Mold Remediation page gives a step by step guide to remediating large mold problems. It covers protective equipment, spore containment, killing the mold, preventing the mold's return, mold disposal and final clean up.","Bleach can kill virtually every species of indoor mold that it comes into contact with, along with its spores, leaving a surface sanitized and resistant to future mold growth.","Unfortunately, however, using bleach is only effective if the mold is growing on non-porous materials such as tiles, bathtubs, glass and countertops. Bleach cannot penetrate into porous materials and so it does not come into contact with mold growing beneath the surface of materials such as wood and drywall. Using bleach on these materials will kill the mold above the surface but the roots within the material will remain and the mold will soon return.","Bleach produces harsh fumes so make sure the area is well ventilated before you begin. You should also wear gloves during the process to protect your hands.","For killing mold with bleach use a ratio of one cup of bleach per gallon of water (ie about 1 part bleach to 10 parts water).","Apply the solution to non-porous surfaces with mold growth either by using a spray bottle or by using a bucket and a sponge or cloth.","You don't need to rinse the surface afterwards (unless it is used for food preparation or a surface which may be touched by small children or pets) as the bleach will inhibit mold growing in the future.","Although the active ingredient in bleach, sodium hypochlorite, is the main ingredient in many mold removal products, there are many reasons to use alternatives to chlorine bleach when killing mold.","One reason is that bleach cannot completely kill mold growing in porous materials. The chlorine in bleach cannot penetrate into porous surfaces such as drywall or wood. The chlorine is left on the surface of porous materials and only the water component of the bleach is absorbed into the material, providing more moisture for the mold to feed on.","Some of the mold on the surface might be killed but the roots of the mold are left intact meaning the mold soon returns, leaving you in a cycle of repeated bleaching. Perhaps this is why some people believe that spraying bleach on mold doesn't affect it but instead just bleaches its color so you can no longer see it.","Another disadvantage of bleach is that it can damage the materials it's used on as it is a harsh, corrosive chemical. Chlorine bleach also gives off harsh fumes and it even produces toxic gas when mixed with ammonia. There are safer alternatives such as borax or vinegar which don't produce dangerous fumes or leave behind toxic residue. For these reasons try to avoid using bleach and if you must use it, only use it on non-porous surfaces.","There are many advantages to using borax to kill mold. For starters, borax is a natural cleaning product and although it is toxic if you swallow it, borax does not emit chemicals or dangerous fumes like some other mold killers. Borax, a white mineral powder, has a pH level of about 9 (baking soda is pH 8.1 and pH 7 is neutral) and a low toxicity.","Borax is commonly used as a deodorizer as well as for cleaning toilets and drains. Borax is also used as an insecticide, herbicide and fungicide and it can be mixed with water in a solution to kill and remove mold as it is a natural mold inhibitor. You can buy borax in supermarkets for a few dollars from the laundry section.","To kill mold using borax, create a borax-water solution using a ratio of 1 cup of borax per gallon of water.","Vacuum up any loose mold with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to lessen the number of spores stirred up into the air during the cleaning process.","Wipe up any extra moisture and excess mold particles or dust/debris to prevent them spreading into the air once the surface has dried.","You don't need to rinse off the borax as the solution will prevent more mold beginning to grow on the surface again.","Vinegar is a mild acid which can kill 82% of mold species. However it also has the advantages of being natural and safe. Vinegar is non-toxic and doesn't give off dangerous fumes like bleach does.","Wipe clean the area with water and allow the surface to dry. Any smell from the vinegar should clear within a few hours.","If you want to use vinegar to prevent mold growing on surfaces just spray vinegar on the surface and leave it. Repeat this every few days to ensure the surface will stay mold-free. You can even mop your tiled bathroom floor or other hard non-porous floors with vinegar if you are worried about mold growing on them.","Like bleach, ammonia will kill mold on hard non-porous surfaces such as countertops, glass or tiles but it is ineffective at killing mold growing in porous material such as wood or drywall.","Another disadvantage of using ammonia is that it is a harsh, toxic chemical. Make sure you never mix ammonia with bleach because the gas they create when combined is toxic. Chlorine mixed with ammonia was even used as a chemical weapon during World War 2.","Additionally, although ammonia can kill surface mold, dead mold and dead mold spores are still allergenic so you will need to make sure to remove them afterwards.","To kill mold using ammonia, create a solution of 50% clear ammonia and 50% water in a spray bottle and spray it on moldy areas.","Often detergents or mold cleaning products will contain ammonia. In that case just follow the directions on the label and be sure never to mix it with bleach.","Hydrogen peroxide kills mold as it is anti-fungal as well as anti-viral and anti-bacterial. Hydrogen peroxide is a good alternative to chlorine bleach because it is safe to use and doesn't damage the environment, nor does it leave behind toxic residue or produce toxic fumes like chlorine bleach does. You can buy hydrogen peroxide from drug stores for around one dollar for a bottle of 3% concentration.","Hydrogen peroxide kills mold effectively on many materials such as clothes, floors, bathroom fixtures, walls and items such as kitchen appliances. Since hydrogen peroxide is a bleaching agent it may also help fade the stain mold leaves behind. Spot test hydrogen peroxide on the material you're going to be cleaning to make sure it won't fade the material's colors.","You can also use vinegar with hydrogen peroxide during the cleaning to more effectively remove the mold. Afterwards store the spray bottle in a dark place since light diminishes hydrogen peroxide's effectiveness.","A solution of detergent and warm water can be used to scrub surface mold off non-porous surfaces. Although detergent itself doesn't kill mold, if the mold is on non-porous materials then the solution doesn't need to kill it as long as you completely clean away all the mold on the surface.","Baking soda is well known as a natural and safe household cleaner. But you can also use baking soda to kill mold in your home. Unlike other mold killers which contain harsh chemicals, baking soda is mild (pH of 8.1) and harmless to your family and any pets.","Besides killing mold, baking soda also deodorizes and so using it can get rid of the smell mold leaves in your home. Baking soda also absorbs moisture to help keep mold away.","Vinegar is often used along with baking soda when cleaning up a mold problem since vinegar kills different species of mold to baking soda.","Spray the area with the spray bottle again and let the surface dry. This will kill any left over mold and prevent the mold returning.","Of all the natural mold killing solutions tea tree oil is the most effective. Although it is also expensive, a small amount of tea tree oil goes a long way in killing mold.","Tea tree oil is an essential oil which is harmless to people and pets. Tea tree oil is antifungal, capable of killing all types of molds. Tea tree oil is antibacterial as well.","You can buy tea tree oil for about $10 for a small bottle from most natural food stores. Make sure the tea tree oil you buy is derived from the Melaleuca Alternifolia, which is the technical name for tea tree, as not all brands always are.","To kill mold using tea tree oil add water to a spray bottle, keeping in mind how many cups it takes to fill the bottle.","Next add tea tree oil at the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water that went into the spray bottle.","There is no need to rinse since leaving the tea tree oil on the surface will kill the mold and prevent it from returning.","An alternative to using a spray bottle is to use a rag or cloth with the tea tree oil solution to clean away mold:","First create a solution of tea tree oil and water in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water.","Tea tree oil has a strong smell but it will go away after some time. You can keep and use the solution you have made for a long time afterwards as tea tree oil does not lose its potency quickly.","Grapefruit seed extract is similar to tea tree oil in that it is an expensive but very effective natural mold killer. The advantage of grapefruit seed extract over tea tree oil however is that it has almost no odor. Like tea tree oil you can buy grape fruit seed extract from most health food stores.","Grapefruit seed extract kills mold naturally as the citric acid from the grapefruit attacks mold. Grapefruit seed extract also disinfects areas and deodorizes as well. Like tea tree oil, a small amount of grapefruit seed extract goes a long way in killing mold.","To kill mold with grapefruit seed extract create a solution of grapefruit seed extract and water in a spray bottle in the ratio of 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract per cup of water.","Shake the spray bottle to mix the solution thoroughly and then spray it onto the surface where mold is growing.","You do not need to rinse the solution away afterwards although you can use a cloth to wipe away the mold and solution after some minutes if you like. The longer grapefruit seed extract is in contact with mold the more it will cut through and kill the mold colony and prevent mold from returning.","The grapefruit seed extract solution in the spray bottle will remain potent for a long time and can be reused again and again as grapefruit seed extract has a long shelf life."]},"parsed_md":"Mold Removal, How to Kill Mold with Bleach, Borax, Vinegar\n\nMold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\nMold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\nMold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\nMold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\nMold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\nToxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\nMycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet Mold on Clothes\nVacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n# Mold Removal and How to Kill Mold\n\n## Mold Removal Products\n\nThere are several products you can use to kill and remove mold. Some of the\nmost effective mold removal products include:\n\n * Bleach\n * Borax\n * Vinegar\n * Ammonia\n * Hydrogen peroxide\n * Detergent\n * Baking soda\n * Tea tree oil\n * Grapefruit seed extract\n\nThe How to Kill Mold on Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles and Grout page also\nprovides instructions for removing mold from specific materials.\n\nThe Mold Remediation page gives a step by step guide to remediating large mold\nproblems. It covers protective equipment, spore containment, killing the mold,\npreventing the mold's return, mold disposal and final clean up.\n\n## Mold Removal with Bleach\n\nBleach can kill virtually every species of indoor mold that it comes into\ncontact with, along with its spores, leaving a surface sanitized and resistant\nto future mold growth.\n\nUnfortunately, however, using bleach is only effective if the mold is growing\non non-porous materials such as tiles, bathtubs, glass and countertops. Bleach\ncannot penetrate into porous materials and so it does not come into contact\nwith mold growing beneath the surface of materials such as wood and drywall.\nUsing bleach on these materials will kill the mold above the surface but the\nroots within the material will remain and the mold will soon return.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Bleach\n\nBleach produces harsh fumes so make sure the area is well ventilated before\nyou begin. You should also wear gloves during the process to protect your\nhands.\n\n 1. For killing mold with bleach use a ratio of one cup of bleach per gallon of water (ie about 1 part bleach to 10 parts water).\n\n 2. Apply the solution to non-porous surfaces with mold growth either by using a spray bottle or by using a bucket and a sponge or cloth.\n\n 3. You don't need to rinse the surface afterwards (unless it is used for food preparation or a surface which may be touched by small children or pets) as the bleach will inhibit mold growing in the future.\n\n## Does Bleach Kill Mold?\n\nAlthough the active ingredient in bleach, sodium hypochlorite, is the main\ningredient in many mold removal products, there are many reasons to use\nalternatives to chlorine bleach when killing mold.\n\nOne reason is that bleach cannot completely kill mold growing in porous\nmaterials. The chlorine in bleach cannot penetrate into porous surfaces such\nas drywall or wood. The chlorine is left on the surface of porous materials\nand only the water component of the bleach is absorbed into the material,\nproviding more moisture for the mold to feed on.\n\nSome of the mold on the surface might be killed but the roots of the mold are\nleft intact meaning the mold soon returns, leaving you in a cycle of repeated\nbleaching. Perhaps this is why some people believe that spraying bleach on\nmold doesn't affect it but instead just bleaches its color so you can no\nlonger see it.\n\nAnother disadvantage of bleach is that it can damage the materials it's used\non as it is a harsh, corrosive chemical. Chlorine bleach also gives off harsh\nfumes and it even produces toxic gas when mixed with ammonia. There are safer\nalternatives such as borax or vinegar which don't produce dangerous fumes or\nleave behind toxic residue. For these reasons try to avoid using bleach and if\nyou must use it, only use it on non-porous surfaces.\n\n## Mold Removal with Borax\n\nThere are many advantages to using borax to kill mold. For starters, borax is\na natural cleaning product and although it is toxic if you swallow it, borax\ndoes not emit chemicals or dangerous fumes like some other mold killers.\nBorax, a white mineral powder, has a pH level of about 9 (baking soda is pH\n8.1 and pH 7 is neutral) and a low toxicity.\n\nBorax is commonly used as a deodorizer as well as for cleaning toilets and\ndrains. Borax is also used as an insecticide, herbicide and fungicide and it\ncan be mixed with water in a solution to kill and remove mold as it is a\nnatural mold inhibitor. You can buy borax in supermarkets for a few dollars\nfrom the laundry section.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Borax\n\n 1. To kill mold using borax, create a borax-water solution using a ratio of 1 cup of borax per gallon of water.\n\n 2. Vacuum up any loose mold with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to lessen the number of spores stirred up into the air during the cleaning process.\n\n 3. Use a scrubbing brush with the borax-water solution to scrub the mold off the surface.\n\n 4. Wipe up any extra moisture and excess mold particles or dust/debris to prevent them spreading into the air once the surface has dried.\n\n 5. You don't need to rinse off the borax as the solution will prevent more mold beginning to grow on the surface again.\n\n 6. Leave the surface to dry completely.\n\n## Mold Removal with Vinegar\n\nVinegar is a mild acid which can kill 82% of mold species. However it also has\nthe advantages of being natural and safe. Vinegar is non-toxic and doesn't\ngive off dangerous fumes like bleach does.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Vinegar\n\nTo kill mold with vinegar, use white distilled vinegar which you can buy\ncheaply from the supermarket.\n\n 1. Pour some vinegar into a spray bottle without watering it down.\n\n 2. Spray the vinegar onto the moldy surface and leave it to sit for an hour.\n\n 3. Wipe clean the area with water and allow the surface to dry. Any smell from the vinegar should clear within a few hours.\n\nIf you want to use vinegar to prevent mold growing on surfaces just spray\nvinegar on the surface and leave it. Repeat this every few days to ensure the\nsurface will stay mold-free. You can even mop your tiled bathroom floor or\nother hard non-porous floors with vinegar if you are worried about mold\ngrowing on them.\n\n## Mold Removal with Ammonia\n\nLike bleach, ammonia will kill mold on hard non-porous surfaces such as\ncountertops, glass or tiles but it is ineffective at killing mold growing in\nporous material such as wood or drywall.\n\nAnother disadvantage of using ammonia is that it is a harsh, toxic chemical.\nMake sure you never mix ammonia with bleach because the gas they create when\ncombined is toxic. Chlorine mixed with ammonia was even used as a chemical\nweapon during World War 2.\n\nAdditionally, although ammonia can kill surface mold, dead mold and dead mold\nspores are still allergenic so you will need to make sure to remove them\nafterwards.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Ammonia\n\n 1. To kill mold using ammonia, create a solution of 50% clear ammonia and 50% water in a spray bottle and spray it on moldy areas.\n\n 2. Make sure the ammonia you use says \"clear ammonia\" on the label.\n\n 3. Leave the area for a few hours before wiping and rinsing.\n\n 4. Often detergents or mold cleaning products will contain ammonia. In that case just follow the directions on the label and be sure never to mix it with bleach.\n\n## Mold Removal with Hydrogen Peroxide\n\nHydrogen peroxide kills mold as it is anti-fungal as well as anti-viral and\nanti-bacterial. Hydrogen peroxide is a good alternative to chlorine bleach\nbecause it is safe to use and doesn't damage the environment, nor does it\nleave behind toxic residue or produce toxic fumes like chlorine bleach does.\nYou can buy hydrogen peroxide from drug stores for around one dollar for a\nbottle of 3% concentration.\n\nHydrogen peroxide kills mold effectively on many materials such as clothes,\nfloors, bathroom fixtures, walls and items such as kitchen appliances. Since\nhydrogen peroxide is a bleaching agent it may also help fade the stain mold\nleaves behind. Spot test hydrogen peroxide on the material you're going to be\ncleaning to make sure it won't fade the material's colors.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Hydrogen Peroxide\n\n 1. To kill mold pour 3% concentration hydrogen peroxide into a spray bottle.\n\n 2. Spray the moldy surface completely so that the moldy areas are saturated with hydrogen peroxide.\n\n 3. Leave the surface to sit for 10 minutes while the hydrogen peroxide kills the mold.\n\n 4. Then scrub the area to make sure to remove all the mold and mold stains.\n\n 5. Finally wipe the surface down to remove residual mold and spores.\n\nYou can also use vinegar with hydrogen peroxide during the cleaning to more\neffectively remove the mold. Afterwards store the spray bottle in a dark place\nsince light diminishes hydrogen peroxide's effectiveness.\n\n## Mold Removal with Detergent and Water\n\nA solution of detergent and warm water can be used to scrub surface mold off\nnon-porous surfaces. Although detergent itself doesn't kill mold, if the mold\nis on non-porous materials then the solution doesn't need to kill it as long\nas you completely clean away all the mold on the surface.\n\n## Mold Removal with Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda is well known as a natural and safe household cleaner. But you can\nalso use baking soda to kill mold in your home. Unlike other mold killers\nwhich contain harsh chemicals, baking soda is mild (pH of 8.1) and harmless to\nyour family and any pets.\n\nBesides killing mold, baking soda also deodorizes and so using it can get rid\nof the smell mold leaves in your home. Baking soda also absorbs moisture to\nhelp keep mold away.\n\nVinegar is often used along with baking soda when cleaning up a mold problem\nsince vinegar kills different species of mold to baking soda.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Baking Soda\n\n 1. Add one quarter of a tablespoon of baking soda to a spray bottle of water.\n\n 2. Shake the bottle to dissolve the baking soda into the water.\n\n 3. Spray the moldy area with the baking soda and water solution.\n\n 4. Then use a sponge or scrubbing brush to make sure to remove all the mold from the surface.\n\n 5. Once you've scrubbed away the mold rinse the surface with water to remove any residual mold on the surface.\n\n 6. Spray the area with the spray bottle again and let the surface dry. This will kill any left over mold and prevent the mold returning.\n\nYou can use a cloth instead of a spray bottle to clean mold with baking soda:\n\n 1. Soak a cloth in water and then add one quarter of a tablespoon of baking soda to it.\n\n 2. Use the cloth on the moldy area to remove the mold with the baking soda and water solution.\n\n## Mold Removal with Tea Tree Oil\n\nOf all the natural mold killing solutions tea tree oil is the most effective.\nAlthough it is also expensive, a small amount of tea tree oil goes a long way\nin killing mold.\n\nTea tree oil is an essential oil which is harmless to people and pets. Tea\ntree oil is antifungal, capable of killing all types of molds. Tea tree oil is\nantibacterial as well.\n\nYou can buy tea tree oil for about $10 for a small bottle from most natural\nfood stores. Make sure the tea tree oil you buy is derived from the Melaleuca\nAlternifolia, which is the technical name for tea tree, as not all brands\nalways are.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Tea Tree Oil\n\n 1. To kill mold using tea tree oil add water to a spray bottle, keeping in mind how many cups it takes to fill the bottle.\n\n 2. Next add tea tree oil at the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water that went into the spray bottle.\n\n 3. Spray the solution on the moldy surface.\n\n 4. There is no need to rinse since leaving the tea tree oil on the surface will kill the mold and prevent it from returning.\n\nAn alternative to using a spray bottle is to use a rag or cloth with the tea\ntree oil solution to clean away mold:\n\n 1. First create a solution of tea tree oil and water in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water.\n\n 2. Use a cloth to apply the solution to the moldy surface and scrub the mold away.\n\n 3. Again, you do not need to rinse the surface afterwards.\n\nTea tree oil has a strong smell but it will go away after some time. You can\nkeep and use the solution you have made for a long time afterwards as tea tree\noil does not lose its potency quickly.\n\n## Mold Removal with Grapefruit Seed Extract\n\nGrapefruit seed extract is similar to tea tree oil in that it is an expensive\nbut very effective natural mold killer. The advantage of grapefruit seed\nextract over tea tree oil however is that it has almost no odor. Like tea tree\noil you can buy grape fruit seed extract from most health food stores.\n\nGrapefruit seed extract kills mold naturally as the citric acid from the\ngrapefruit attacks mold. Grapefruit seed extract also disinfects areas and\ndeodorizes as well. Like tea tree oil, a small amount of grapefruit seed\nextract goes a long way in killing mold.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Grapefruit Seed Extract\n\n 1. To kill mold with grapefruit seed extract create a solution of grapefruit seed extract and water in a spray bottle in the ratio of 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract per cup of water.\n\n 2. Shake the spray bottle to mix the solution thoroughly and then spray it onto the surface where mold is growing.\n\n 3. You do not need to rinse the solution away afterwards although you can use a cloth to wipe away the mold and solution after some minutes if you like. The longer grapefruit seed extract is in contact with mold the more it will cut through and kill the mold colony and prevent mold from returning.\n\n 4. Repeat if needed to more thoroughly remove mold from the surface.\n\nThe grapefruit seed extract solution in the spray bottle will remain potent\nfor a long time and can be reused again and again as grapefruit seed extract\nhas a long shelf life.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210812092925/https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs","parsed_text":{"title":"Signs of Mold in House","passages":["If you are having a problem with allergies then there's a good chance there could be mold growing somewhere in your home. Common allergic reactions to mold include sneezing, sore eyes and a runny nose or nasal congestion.","Do you notice your allergic reactions are worse when you're at home but you feel better when you go out? If so then it's especially likely you could have mold. If you find that your allergies are worse in some other building, like your workplace, then there could be mold growing there instead.","For a list of the symptoms of mold allergy as well as testing and treatment, see Mold Symptoms in Humans.","When you have mold growing hidden away in your house, often a moldy smell might be the only clue that it's there. Don't ignore mold odors if you can't see any mold. You should thoroughly inspect your home before any mold problems get worse.","Visible mold growth might seem like an obvious sign of mold. However many people don't notice small amounts of mold growth or they think it's just soot or dirt. Sometimes people simply ignore visible mold in their house.","If you can see mold growth, even if it's only small, you should take action immediately. Small mold patches can spread and the fact that there is any mold shows that the conditions in your home are right for mold to grow. You can find a guide to removing mold at Mold Removal.","If you don't take care of mold it will soon become a bigger problem. Visible mold growth could also be a sign that there is a much larger mold colony growing hidden away from view.","Sometimes you might not realize there is mold in your house, especially if it is unusual looking mold. Some mold growth looks white and thread-like. Other mold appears as clusters of small black spots. Mold can be black, gray-brown, gray-green or white in color. Mold growing behind wallpaper made of vinyl can even appear orange, pink or purple.","If you have had any long term moisture problems in your house it's usually inevitable they will lead to mold beginning to grow. So if you know you've had some water problems in your home then it's a pretty good sign you could have mold.","Some signs that you have a moisture problem include water stains or discoloration on walls, floors or ceilings in your house. Seeing these could be a clue that there is mold growing within or behind the material.","Another sign of a moisture problem is surface abnormalities like peeling, bubbling or cracking of the paint or wallpaper. If your walls are bowed, bulging or warped it probably means moisture has gotten into them. Another clue is if the surface of walls or other materials feel damp.","The above signs of water problems in homes are usually created by leaks. However if you already know that you have had a water leak (such as leaking pipes or a leaking ceiling) then just that knowledge by itself, even if you don't see signs of water damage, is a good sign that you might have mold growing in your house around the area where the leak was.","Mold growth from leaks can often be hidden. If the leak was behind a wall or other surface then any mold will probably be hidden behind the surface too. Even if the leak was not behind a surface there could still be mold hidden out of view behind a wall or other surface from water which seeped through.","Where Mold Grows describes how to find mold in your home and lists places mold often grows, including hidden mold.","If your house has been flooded in the past then it's likely that mold would've started to grow. Any mold would probably be growing in places where flood water remained the longest such as in the basement. Floods can often create mold growing out of view behind walls or under floors.","If you see a lot of condensation in your home then it's a sign that you have a high amount of moisture and hence a sign that you could have a mold problem. Condensation will occur on surfaces such as glass windows or metal pipes. Mold could be growing where the condensation builds up and collects. Rusting indoor pipes are a sign that you could have a lot of condensation in your house.","Besides the fact that condensation creates a build up of moisture for mold to grow on, condensation can also be a sign that you have a humidity problem in your home. A high humidity level can feed mold and it is another sign that you might have a potential mold problem.","If you suffer neurological symptoms such as headaches, trouble concentrating, shortened attention span, memory loss and dizziness it could be a sign that there is toxic mold growing somewhere in your house which is poisoning you.","Mycotoxins from toxic molds such as Stachybotrys chartarum can have a mental effect on people much more severe than the allergic symptoms caused by other non-toxic molds.","Like with allergies, if toxic symptoms increase when you are in your home or in a certain building then it's very likely that mold is growing there."]},"parsed_md":"Signs of Mold in House\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\n\n# Signs of Mold in House\n\nBelow are some common signs to watch out for that could indicate you have mold\ngrowing in your house.\n\n## Allergic Symptoms from Mold\n\nIf you are having a problem with allergies then there's a good chance there\ncould be mold growing somewhere in your home. Common allergic reactions to\nmold include sneezing, sore eyes and a runny nose or nasal congestion.\n\nDo you notice your allergic reactions are worse when you're at home but you\nfeel better when you go out? If so then it's especially likely you could have\nmold. If you find that your allergies are worse in some other building, like\nyour workplace, then there could be mold growing there instead.\n\nFor a list of the symptoms of mold allergy as well as testing and treatment,\nsee Mold Symptoms in Humans.\n\n## Smelling a Mold Odor\n\nWhen you have mold growing hidden away in your house, often a moldy smell\nmight be the only clue that it's there. Don't ignore mold odors if you can't\nsee any mold. You should thoroughly inspect your home before any mold problems\nget worse.\n\nYou can find out how to inspect your house for mold at Mold Inspection.\n\n## Seeing Signs of Mold Growth\n\nVisible mold growth might seem like an obvious sign of mold. However many\npeople don't notice small amounts of mold growth or they think it's just soot\nor dirt. Sometimes people simply ignore visible mold in their house.\n\nIf you can see mold growth, even if it's only small, you should take action\nimmediately. Small mold patches can spread and the fact that there is any mold\nshows that the conditions in your home are right for mold to grow. You can\nfind a guide to removing mold at Mold Removal.\n\nIf you don't take care of mold it will soon become a bigger problem. Visible\nmold growth could also be a sign that there is a much larger mold colony\ngrowing hidden away from view.\n\nSometimes you might not realize there is mold in your house, especially if it\nis unusual looking mold. Some mold growth looks white and thread-like. Other\nmold appears as clusters of small black spots. Mold can be black, gray-brown,\ngray-green or white in color. Mold growing behind wallpaper made of vinyl can\neven appear orange, pink or purple.\n\n## Signs of Water Problems\n\nIf you have had any long term moisture problems in your house it's usually\ninevitable they will lead to mold beginning to grow. So if you know you've had\nsome water problems in your home then it's a pretty good sign you could have\nmold.\n\nSome signs that you have a moisture problem include water stains or\ndiscoloration on walls, floors or ceilings in your house. Seeing these could\nbe a clue that there is mold growing within or behind the material.\n\nAnother sign of a moisture problem is surface abnormalities like peeling,\nbubbling or cracking of the paint or wallpaper. If your walls are bowed,\nbulging or warped it probably means moisture has gotten into them. Another\nclue is if the surface of walls or other materials feel damp.\n\n## Water Leaks\n\nMold from a leaking sink\n\nThe above signs of water problems in homes are usually created by leaks.\nHowever if you already know that you have had a water leak (such as leaking\npipes or a leaking ceiling) then just that knowledge by itself, even if you\ndon't see signs of water damage, is a good sign that you might have mold\ngrowing in your house around the area where the leak was.\n\nMold growth from leaks can often be hidden. If the leak was behind a wall or\nother surface then any mold will probably be hidden behind the surface too.\nEven if the leak was not behind a surface there could still be mold hidden out\nof view behind a wall or other surface from water which seeped through.\n\nWhere Mold Grows describes how to find mold in your home and lists places mold\noften grows, including hidden mold.\n\n## Past Flooding\n\nIf your house has been flooded in the past then it's likely that mold would've\nstarted to grow. Any mold would probably be growing in places where flood\nwater remained the longest such as in the basement. Floods can often create\nmold growing out of view behind walls or under floors.\n\nFor more information see Mold and Flooding.\n\n## Condensation\n\nIf you see a lot of condensation in your home then it's a sign that you have a\nhigh amount of moisture and hence a sign that you could have a mold problem.\nCondensation will occur on surfaces such as glass windows or metal pipes. Mold\ncould be growing where the condensation builds up and collects. Rusting indoor\npipes are a sign that you could have a lot of condensation in your house.\n\nBesides the fact that condensation creates a build up of moisture for mold to\ngrow on, condensation can also be a sign that you have a humidity problem in\nyour home. A high humidity level can feed mold and it is another sign that you\nmight have a potential mold problem.\n\nMold Causes talks about condensation and the other main causes of mold in\nhouses.\n\n## Toxic Symptoms from Mold\n\nIf you suffer neurological symptoms such as headaches, trouble concentrating,\nshortened attention span, memory loss and dizziness it could be a sign that\nthere is toxic mold growing somewhere in your house which is poisoning you.\n\nMycotoxins from toxic molds such as Stachybotrys chartarum can have a mental\neffect on people much more severe than the allergic symptoms caused by other\nnon-toxic molds.\n\nLike with allergies, if toxic symptoms increase when you are in your home or\nin a certain building then it's very likely that mold is growing there.\n\nFor more about the symptoms caused by toxic mold visit Black Mold Symptoms.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160329124600/http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew","parsed_text":{"title":"Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in Basements","passages":["Using basement paint to waterproof the walls is effective at eliminating the risk of mildew. Basements are usually very dark and musty. Because of those conditions, they can be a great place for mildew and mold to grow. By using waterproof paint, you will help prevent moisture from seeping through the walls. When moisture cannot penetrate the walls, mildew will not be able to grow, even if it is still dark in the basement.","DoItYourself.com®, founded in 1995, is the leading independent home improvement and repair website. We welcome your comments and suggestions. All information is provided \"AS IS.\" Website operating problems contact webmaster@doityourself.com. Questions of a Do It Yourself nature should be submitted to our \"DoItYourself.com Community Forums\". Copyright© 1995-2016 DoItYourself.com Inc. All rights reserved. You may freely link to this site, and use it for non-commercial use subject to our terms of use. View our Privacy Policy here."]},"parsed_md":"Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in Basements\n| DoItYourself.com\n\nSkip to Navigation\n\nSkip to Content\n\n#### Login to DoItYourself\n\n * How-Tos\n * Your Projects Your Projects\n * Forums\n\nHi 0 | Logout Login Sign Up\n\n * Home /\n * Interior Home Improvement /\n * Basements /\n * Basement Waterproofing\n\n# Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in\nBasements\n\n##### Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in\nBasements\n\nEditor's Picks\n\n* 6 Most Common Mistakes of Tiling and How to Avoid Them\n* Refresh Your Hardwood Floors\n* Troubleshooting Hard-to-Open Windows\n* How to Start a Bonsai Garden from Scratch\n* Ditch These 6 Disposable Items\n\nUsing basement paint to waterproof the walls is effective at eliminating the\nrisk of mildew. Basements are usually very dark and musty. Because of those\nconditions, they can be a great place for mildew and mold to grow. By using\nwaterproof paint, you will help prevent moisture from seeping through the\nwalls. When moisture cannot penetrate the walls, mildew will not be able to\ngrow, even if it is still dark in the basement.\n\nCreate a Paneled Wall With Molding\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n5 Advantages of Exterior Basement Waterproofing\n\nHow to Prevent Water Damage With Basement Waterproof Paint\n\nBasement Waterproofing: Waterproof Paint vs Epoxy\n\n5 Tips for Using Mildew-resistant Paint\n\n### Related Ads\n\ncomments powered by Disqus\n\n### Get DIY Tips by Email\n\n## Newsletter Subscription Confirmation\n\nSubscribing...\n\nFollow @DoItYourselfcom\n\n### Related Ads\n\n * advertise\n * shop\n * find a contractor\n * about us\n * careers\n * terms of use\n * privacy policy\n * cookie policy\n * site map\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * twitter\n * YouTube\n\nDoItYourself.com®, founded in 1995, is the leading independent home\nimprovement and repair website. We welcome your comments and suggestions. All\ninformation is provided \"AS IS.\" Website operating problems contact\nwebmaster@doityourself.com. Questions of a Do It Yourself nature should be\nsubmitted to our \"DoItYourself.com Community Forums\". Copyright© 1995-2016\nDoItYourself.com Inc. All rights reserved. You may freely link to this site,\nand use it for non-commercial use subject to our terms of use. View our\nPrivacy Policy here.\n\nBack to top\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211030081643/https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/","parsed_text":{"title":"Ammonia Uses and Benefits","passages":["Use the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to the products you use every day.","Use the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to the products you use every day.","Ammonia, a colorless gas with a distinct odor, is a building-block chemical and a key component in the manufacture of many products people use every day. It occurs naturally throughout the environment in the air, soil and water and in plants and animals, including humans. The human body makes ammonia when the body breaks down foods containing protein into amino acids and ammonia, then converting the ammonia into urea.","Ammonia is a basic building block for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which releases nitrogen, an essential nutrient for growing plants, including farm crops and lawns. About 90 percent of ammonia produced worldwide is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. The production of food crops naturally depletes soil nutrient supplies. In order to maintain healthy crops, farmers rely on fertilizer to keep their soils productive. Fertilizers also can also help increase levels of essential nutrients like zinc, selenium and boron in food crops.","Ammonium hydroxide – commonly known as household ammonia – is an ingredient in many household cleaning products used to clean a variety of surfaces including tubs, sinks, toilets, countertops and tiles. Ammonia also is effective at breaking down household grime or stains from animal fats or vegetable oils, such as cooking grease and wine stains. Because ammonia evaporates quickly, it is commonly used in glass cleaning solutions to help avoid streaking.","When used as a refrigerant gas and in air-conditioning equipment, ammonia can absorb substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings.","Ammonia can be used to purify water supplies and as a building block in the manufacture of many products including plastics, explosives, fabrics, pesticides and dyes.","Ammonia also is used in the waste and wastewater treatment, cold storage, rubber, pulp and paper and food and beverage industries as a stabilizer, neutralizer and a source of nitrogen. It also is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.","When using cleaning products containing ammonia, follow all instructions on the product label, make sure the area is well ventilated (open windows and doors) and wear proper clothing and eye protection. Ammonia exposure can irritate skin, eyes and lungs. Do not mix ammonia with chlorine bleach, as this produces toxic gases called chloramines. Exposure to chloramine gases can cause coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, irritation to the throat, nose and eyes or pneumonia and fluid in the lungs.","Swallowing a cleaning product that contains ammonia can burn the mouth, throat, and stomach and cause severe abdominal pain. If a cleaning product containing ammonia is accidentally ingested, read the product label for safety instructions, or call the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222, and be sure to have the label from the cleaning product in hand.","Medical tests can detect ammonia in blood or urine. But because ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, people are regularly exposed to low levels of ammonia in air, soil and water, so these test results are not considered effective biomarkers of exposure. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) states that “no health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical environmental concentrations of ammonia.","About 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other important uses; for example in household cleaning products and in manufacturing other products.","Ammonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and in nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human health, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic processes.","Ammonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air, and water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle that already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process, ammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not bioaccumulate.","Ammonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or cat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia. Cheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of the cheese aging process.","Ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low levels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or if they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an enclosed building that contains lots of animals.","No health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of ammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in air may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns.","About 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other important uses; for example in household cleaning products and in manufacturing other products.","Ammonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and in nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human health, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic processes.","Ammonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air, and water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle that already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process, ammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not bioaccumulate.","Ammonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or cat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia. Cheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of the cheese aging process.","Ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low levels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or if they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an enclosed building that contains lots of animals.","No health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of ammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in air may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns."]},"parsed_md":"Ammonia Uses and Benefits | Chemical Safety Facts\n\n# Get chemical safety information on the products you use every day\n\nToggle navigation\n\nUse the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to\nthe products you use every day.\n\n## FIND A CHEMICAL\n\nUse the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to\nthe products you use every day.\n\nHome\n\nAmmonia\n\nAmmonium hydroxide\n\nAmmonia\n\n# Ammonia\n\nAmmonia, a colorless gas with a distinct odor, is a building-block chemical\nand a key component in the manufacture of many products people use every day.\nIt occurs naturally throughout the environment in the air, soil and water and\nin plants and animals, including humans. The human body makes ammonia when the\nbody breaks down foods containing protein into amino acids and ammonia, then\nconverting the ammonia into urea.\n\nMost Viewed Latest Content\n\n### Chlorine Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ammonia\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Sodium Hydroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Titanium Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Olefins\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Chemistry, Students and Sports – A Winning Combination\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethylene Oxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Back-to-School Safety Tips During COVID-19\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Organic Peroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\nPrint this Page\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\n## Uses & Benefits\n\n### Ammonia in Fertilizer\n\nAmmonia is a basic building block for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which\nreleases nitrogen, an essential nutrient for growing plants, including farm\ncrops and lawns. About 90 percent of ammonia produced worldwide is used in\nfertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the\nworld. The production of food crops naturally depletes soil nutrient supplies.\nIn order to maintain healthy crops, farmers rely on fertilizer to keep their\nsoils productive. Fertilizers also can also help increase levels of essential\nnutrients like zinc, selenium and boron in food crops.\n\n### Ammonia in Household Cleaning Products\n\nAmmonium hydroxide – commonly known as household ammonia – is an ingredient in\nmany household cleaning products used to clean a variety of surfaces including\ntubs, sinks, toilets, countertops and tiles. Ammonia also is effective at\nbreaking down household grime or stains from animal fats or vegetable oils,\nsuch as cooking grease and wine stains. Because ammonia evaporates quickly, it\nis commonly used in glass cleaning solutions to help avoid streaking.\n\n### Ammonia in Industrial/Manufacturing Uses\n\nWhen used as a refrigerant gas and in air-conditioning equipment, ammonia can\nabsorb substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings.\n\nAmmonia can be used to purify water supplies and as a building block in the\nmanufacture of many products including plastics, explosives, fabrics,\npesticides and dyes.\n\nAmmonia also is used in the waste and wastewater treatment, cold storage,\nrubber, pulp and paper and food and beverage industries as a stabilizer,\nneutralizer and a source of nitrogen. It also is used in the manufacture of\npharmaceuticals.\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Safety Information\n\nWhen using cleaning products containing ammonia, follow all instructions on\nthe product label, make sure the area is well ventilated (open windows and\ndoors) and wear proper clothing and eye protection. Ammonia exposure can\nirritate skin, eyes and lungs. Do not mix ammonia with chlorine bleach, as\nthis produces toxic gases called chloramines. Exposure to chloramine gases can\ncause coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, irritation to the\nthroat, nose and eyes or pneumonia and fluid in the lungs.\n\nSwallowing a cleaning product that contains ammonia can burn the mouth,\nthroat, and stomach and cause severe abdominal pain. If a cleaning product\ncontaining ammonia is accidentally ingested, read the product label for safety\ninstructions, or call the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222,\nand be sure to have the label from the cleaning product in hand.\n\nMedical tests can detect ammonia in blood or urine. But because ammonia occurs\nnaturally in the environment, people are regularly exposed to low levels of\nammonia in air, soil and water, so these test results are not considered\neffective biomarkers of exposure. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease\nRegistry (ATSDR) states that “no health effects have been found in humans\nexposed to typical environmental concentrations of ammonia.\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Answering Questions\n\n### What is ammonia used for?\n\nAbout 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain\nfood production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other\nimportant uses; for example in household cleaning products and in\nmanufacturing other products.\n\n### What is ammonia?\n\nAmmonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed\nof nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and\nin nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human\nhealth, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic\nprocesses.\n\n### What happens to ammonia in the environment?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air,\nand water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle\nthat already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process,\nammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not\nbioaccumulate.\n\n### What does ammonia smell like?\n\nAmmonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or\ncat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia.\nCheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of\nthe cheese aging process.\n\n### How might I be exposed to ammonia?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low\nlevels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to\nhigher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or\nif they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible\nto be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an\nenclosed building that contains lots of animals.\n\n### How can ammonia exposure affect my health?\n\nNo health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of\nammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in\nair may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause\ncoughing and burns.\n\n#### What is ammonia used for?\n\nAbout 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain\nfood production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other\nimportant uses; for example in household cleaning products and in\nmanufacturing other products.\n\n#### What is ammonia?\n\nAmmonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed\nof nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and\nin nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human\nhealth, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic\nprocesses.\n\n#### What happens to ammonia in the environment?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air,\nand water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle\nthat already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process,\nammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not\nbioaccumulate.\n\n#### What does ammonia smell like?\n\nAmmonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or\ncat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia.\nCheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of\nthe cheese aging process.\n\n#### How might I be exposed to ammonia?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low\nlevels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to\nhigher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or\nif they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible\nto be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an\nenclosed building that contains lots of animals.\n\n#### How can ammonia exposure affect my health?\n\nNo health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of\nammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in\nair may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause\ncoughing and burns.\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\nBack to Top\n\n * U.S. Food and Drug Administration\n * Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry\n * American Cleaning Institute\n * The Fertilizer Institute\n * TRANSCAER\n\n### Relevant Articles\n\nChemical Ingredients 101: How to Read a Product Label Read more: Chemical\nIngredients 101: How to Read a Product Label\n\nUnderstanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals Read more:\nUnderstanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\nDebunking the Myths: Are there really 84,000 chemicals? Read more: Debunking\nthe Myths: Are there really 84,000 chemicals?\n\nTweets by AmChemistry\n\nMost Viewed Latest Content\n\n### Chlorine Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ammonia\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Sodium Hydroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Titanium Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Olefins\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Chemistry, Students and Sports – A Winning Combination\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethylene Oxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Back-to-School Safety Tips During COVID-19\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Organic Peroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n * Disclaimer\n * Terms\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2021 ChemicalSafetyFacts.org\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161229192254/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all","parsed_text":{"title":"Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans","passages":["Water stains or mold near a bathroom vent are usually due to an insulation problem, allowing moist, warm air to meet cold air in an uninsulated duct. Better insulation will generally solve the problem.","Water stains on the ceiling around your bath fan may indicate a leak coming from the vent cap on your roof, but condensation is the more likely culprit. If bath fan ducting isn’t properly insulated, the moist air from your house will condense inside the duct.","The first step is to head to the attic. You may find that the insulation simply needs to be refastened. If you see that your duct isn’t insulated at all, pick up duct insulation at the home center. Use zip ties or aluminum tape to fasten the insulation.","If your ducts are properly insulated, another potential cause of condensation is lack of use. Bath fans have a damper designed to keep the outside air from entering in through the fan, but that valve doesn’t stop warm air from escaping. Whether you use your bath fan or not, some warm air will still escape into the ducting. On very cold days, that warm air is likely to condense inside the ducting, especially if the fan is never run to dry it out. Guest baths are particularly prone to this problem.","The bottom line: Before you climb on the roof to look for leaks, make sure your bath fan duct is insulated, and run the fan more often and for longer periods. Switches with built-in timers are available."]},"parsed_md":"Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans | The Family\nHandyman\n\n### Select Username\n\n### Modal title\n\n##### Don't have an account yet?\n\nSign up today for FREE and become part of The Family Handyman community of\nDIYers.\n\nMember benefits:\n\n * Get a FREE Traditional Bookcase Project Plan\n * Sign up for FREE DIY newsletters\n\nJoin us\n\n * Newsletters\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY Tip Genius App\n * Free Product Info\n * Promotions\n * Login\n * Join us\n * Hello ScreenName\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n\n * Subscribe Now »\n * Give a Gift »\n * Digital Edition »\n * Customer Care »\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\nMagazine\n\nGive a gift\n\nShop\n\n * How To & Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\nBack\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Small Engine Repair\n * Tires\n * Utility Trailer\n * Carpentry\n\nBack\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\nBack\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Drywall\n\nBack\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\nBack\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Outdoor Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Heating & Cooling\n\nBack\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Masonry\n\nBack\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Painting\n\nBack\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\nBack\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tiling\n\nBack\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Tools\n\nBack\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\nBack\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Ceiling\n * Doors\n\nBack\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Floors\n\nBack\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Roof\n\nBack\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\nBack\n\n * Window Repair\n * Rooms\n\nBack\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\nBack\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\nBack\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Laundry\n * Workshop\n\nBack\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\nBack\n\n * Decks\n\nBack\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\nBack\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\nBack\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Furniture\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Advice\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * Energy Saving Tips\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * Subscribe\n\nBack\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY University\n * Free Product Info\n * Newsletters\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n * * Join Us\n * Log In\n * Hello\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n * Get DIY tips in your inbox\n\n * Follow Us\n\nFixing a toilet Electrical Organizing Cleaning Plumbing Automotive\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Rooms\n 3. Bathroom\n 4. Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans\n\n# Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans\n\nCondensation may be the problem\n\nPrint\n\nShare:\n\n * Article\n * Tools & Materials\n * Next Project ›\n\nWater stains or mold near a bathroom vent are usually due to an insulation\nproblem, allowing moist, warm air to meet cold air in an uninsulated duct.\nBetter insulation will generally solve the problem.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\n * Finding the problem\n\n#### Similar Projects\n\n * How to Repair a Bathroom Fan\n\n * How to Install a Bathroom Fan\n\n * Use an In-Line Fan to Vent Two Bathrooms\n\n * Fix a Noisy Bathroom Fan\n\n * How to Install an Exhaust Fan\n\n * Article\n\n## Finding the problem\n\n### The cause of condensation\n\nMoist indoor air condenses inside a cold, uninsulated duct and water runs down\ninto the fan.\n\nWater stains on the ceiling around your bath fan may indicate a leak coming\nfrom the vent cap on your roof, but condensation is the more likely culprit.\nIf bath fan ducting isn’t properly insulated, the moist air from your house\nwill condense inside the duct.\n\nThe first step is to head to the attic. You may find that the insulation\nsimply needs to be refastened. If you see that your duct isn’t insulated at\nall, pick up duct insulation at the home center. Use zip ties or aluminum tape\nto fasten the insulation.\n\nIf your ducts are properly insulated, another potential cause of condensation\nis lack of use. Bath fans have a damper designed to keep the outside air from\nentering in through the fan, but that valve doesn’t stop warm air from\nescaping. Whether you use your bath fan or not, some warm air will still\nescape into the ducting. On very cold days, that warm air is likely to\ncondense inside the ducting, especially if the fan is never run to dry it out.\nGuest baths are particularly prone to this problem.\n\nThe bottom line: Before you climb on the roof to look for leaks, make sure\nyour bath fan duct is insulated, and run the fan more often and for longer\nperiods. Switches with built-in timers are available.\n\nBack to Top\n\n * Tools & Materials\n\n#### Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Dust mask\n * Flashlight\n\nYou'll also need gloves\n\n#### Required Materials for this Project\n\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\ntime. Here's a list.\n\n * Duct insulation\n\n# Popular How-To Videos\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### Follow Us\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### We Recommend\n\n### 20 Secret Hiding Places\n\n### Save Money With Home Energy Audit\n\n### Install Cabinets Like a Pro!\n\n### How to Unclog a Drain\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * About Us\n * Rooms\n * Skills\n * Parts of the House\n * Outdoors\n * Magazine\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://removemoldguide.com/do-it-yourself/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210426184051/http://removemoldguide.com/do-it-yourself/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/","parsed_text":{"title":"","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://greenopedia.com/clean-mold-without-bleach/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211009210951/https://greenopedia.com/clean-mold-without-bleach/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It’s Better Than Bleach)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This article may contain affiliate links. This means, at no additional cost to you, we will earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. This helps to cover our costs and keep this site going. Thanks!\",\n \"If you’ve got a stale, musty odor in your basement, you may have a small water leak. Coupled with poor ventilation, the still water can quickly lead to mold build-up. These pesky mold spores also love hanging out on the ceiling and walls of poorly ventilated bathrooms.\",\n \"Not only does it create some pretty ugly — and often stinky — stains, but mold can also be quite dangerous. Breathing it in or rubbing against it can cause rashes, nausea, allergies, asthma attacks, and other serious health issues.\",\n \"Mold is fairly easy to kill on smooth surfaces such as tile. But it can be more difficult when it hides within the porous surfaces of wood, carpet, and drywall. So while bleach is highly effective at killing mold spores. (the active ingredient in most mold sprays), it cannot penetrate porous surfaces. Bleach also produces toxic fumes that can be as harmful to inhale as the mold itself.\",\n \"The effervescent nature of hydrogen peroxide makes it more effective than chlorine bleach at reaching and killing mold on porous surfaces. It is also inexpensive and readily available at grocery stores and pharmacies.\",\n \"Then, once you’ve tackled the mold stains, you can absorb any lingering odors naturally with salt water, vinegar, activated charcoal, or odor-neutralizing minerals. And to prevent musty odors from building up again in the future, be sure to fix any leaks and consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep the room dry.\",\n \"If your home is severely infested, it’s best to call a mold remediation professional who can properly test your home and recommend solutions. You can also test for mold yourself with an at-home kit. Either way, be sure to also inspect any air ducts that have come into contact with the mold.\",\n \"Start by opening doors and windows to allow fresh air inside the room. Do not use fans if the mold has already begun to grow, as they can spread the spores to other parts of the house.\",\n \"When mold accumulates behind unfinished drywall, inside unpainted wood, underneath carpets or other places that spray solutions simply cannot reach, the material will likely need to be replaced.\",\n \"And remove and discard wet insulation, so that you can also check inside the wall for mold. (Rigid insulation can be disinfected and reinstalled.)\",\n \"Disinfect non-porous materials: Wash glass, plastic and metal surfaces with a solution of equal parts hot water and 3% hydrogen peroxide** (found in supermarkets & drugstores). Scrub the solution into rough surfaces, such as concrete, with a stiff brush. Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and wipe dry.\",\n \"Disinfect porous materials: Scrub porous surfaces such as wood and fabric with just the 3% hydrogen peroxide** (no additional water). Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and rinse clean. Leave non-porous materials to dry over several days and monitor for mold growth and odors. If mold develops, discard the item.\",\n \"**Hydrogen peroxide is considered an “oxygen bleach”. it is free from chlorine, but it can still discolor fabrics and other materials. As such, you may want to have a specialist handle items of sentimental or monetary value\",\n \"Spray surface mold with 3% hydrogen peroxide and let it sit for 15 minutes, before wiping dry. Repeat as necessary, or scrub extra-stubborn stains with baking soda.\",\n \"Once you’ve dealt with moldy items, place bowls of vinegar, lemon water, and/or saltwater around the room to absorb lingering odors. Let the bowls sit a few days until the smell is gone.\",\n \"Since the salt, water, lemon slices, and vinegar will absorb the odor-causing bacteria, they should not be used in food or drink afterward. Instead, rinse the water and vinegar down the sink and discard lemons in the trash or compost.\",\n \"If the odor in your home is extra strong, you may require an extra-strong solution that is still non-toxic. A company called EnviroKlenz has created an advanced mineral technology that completely neutralizes malodors that other solutions cannot. And they cover the gamut from HEPA air purifiers to odor neutralizing granules for the carpet and laundry.\",\n \"As powerful as Enviroklenz is, there is a downside in that the Everyday Odor Eliminator is a white creamy liquid and can be quite messy to clean up. A clean alternative for neutralizing odors from surfaces is actually a mini- appliance called Force of Nature that uses water + vinegar + electrolysis to create a powerful disinfectant.\",\n \"This highly effective sanitizer kills 99% of germs and has been approved by the EPA for use against SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19. And as a multipurpose cleaner, it replaces your home sanitizers, deodorizers, and disinfectants — and even your glass cleaner.\",\n \"The original Starter Kit has 5 “activator capsules”, which creates 5 bottles of cleaner and you can stock up on the 25-packs of the capsules thereafter. Or you can get one of the newer starter kits that already come with either 25 capsules or 50 capsules if you don’t want to reorder for a while.\",\n \"Once the mold is gone, you’ll want to keep the room dry with a dehumidifier and/or proper ventilation to prevent the mold from returning. You can also keep sachets of activated charcoal around the room. The odor-causing bacteria will be absorbed into the porous charcoal for up to three months. But you don’t have to toss it after that! Once it begins to lose its odor-absorbing abilities, simply place it in the sun for a few hours (up to a few days) to recharge.\",\n \"Find practical tips and natural alternatives to the harmful toxins that invade our everyday lives. Our well-researched topics also highlight thoughtful and ethical brands. You deserve their safer, healthier products and they deserve the recognition for going the extra mile to make sure you get them.\",\n \"We use cookies to measure the traffic on our website and analyze the effectiveness of our campaigns. Visit our cookie policy to learn more. OK\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It's Better Than\\nBleach) - Greenopedia\\n\\nFacebook Instagram Pinterest\\n\\nFacebook Pinterest\\n\\nClean & Deodorize\\n\\n# How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It’s Better Than\\nBleach)\\n\\nBy Sheryl Ryan6 Mins Read\\n\\nThis article may contain affiliate links. This means, at no additional cost to\\nyou, we will earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. This\\nhelps to cover our costs and keep this site going. Thanks!\\n\\nIf you’ve got a stale, musty odor in your basement, you may have a small water\\nleak. Coupled with poor ventilation, the still water can quickly lead to mold\\nbuild-up. These pesky mold spores also love hanging out on the ceiling and\\nwalls of poorly ventilated bathrooms.\\n\\nNot only does it create some pretty ugly — and often stinky — stains, but mold\\ncan also be quite dangerous. Breathing it in or rubbing against it can cause\\nrashes, nausea, allergies, asthma attacks, and other serious health issues.\\n\\nMold is fairly easy to kill on smooth surfaces such as tile. But it can be\\nmore difficult when it hides within the porous surfaces of wood, carpet, and\\ndrywall. So while bleach is highly effective at killing mold spores. (the\\nactive ingredient in most mold sprays), it cannot penetrate porous surfaces.\\nBleach also produces toxic fumes that can be as harmful to inhale as the mold\\nitself.\\n\\nSo how can you kill mold effectively without fumes and on porous surfaces?\\nHydrogen peroxide.\\n\\n### The fizz of hydrogen peroxide kills mold\\n\\nThe effervescent nature of hydrogen peroxide makes it more effective than\\nchlorine bleach at reaching and killing mold on porous surfaces. It is also\\ninexpensive and readily available at grocery stores and pharmacies.\\n\\nThen, once you’ve tackled the mold stains, you can absorb any lingering odors\\nnaturally with salt water, vinegar, activated charcoal, or odor-neutralizing\\nminerals. And to prevent musty odors from building up again in the future, be\\nsure to fix any leaks and consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep the\\nroom dry.\\n\\nHere’s how to tackle the mold.\\n\\n### Learn how to:\\n\\n * Remove the mold contamination\\n * Clean and disinfect wet items\\n * Remove stubborn mold stains\\n * Absorb lingering odors\\n * Keep the room odor-free\\n\\n## Remove the mold contamination\\n\\nIf your home is severely infested, it’s best to call a mold remediation\\nprofessional who can properly test your home and recommend solutions. You can\\nalso test for mold yourself with an at-home kit. Either way, be sure to also\\ninspect any air ducts that have come into contact with the mold.\\n\\n#### To remediate mold issues:\\n\\n * Start by opening doors and windows to allow fresh air inside the room. Do not use fans if the mold has already begun to grow, as they can spread the spores to other parts of the house.\\n * Put on a pair of latex gloves, protective mask, and goggles.\\n * Remove all wet items from the house such as carpeting, rugs, toys, furniture, and ceiling tiles.\\n\\nWhen mold accumulates behind unfinished drywall, inside unpainted wood,\\nunderneath carpets or other places that spray solutions simply cannot reach,\\nthe material will likely need to be replaced.\\n\\n * Remove wet baseboards and drywall up to 12-inches above the water or mold stains.\\n * And remove and discard wet insulation, so that you can also check inside the wall for mold. (Rigid insulation can be disinfected and reinstalled.)\\n\\n## Clean and disinfect wet items\\n\\nBe sure to put on a pair of latex gloves and goggles for protection before\\nbeginning your cleanup.\\n\\n * Disinfect non-porous materials: Wash glass, plastic and metal surfaces with a solution of equal parts hot water and 3% hydrogen peroxide** (found in supermarkets & drugstores). Scrub the solution into rough surfaces, such as concrete, with a stiff brush. Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and wipe dry.\\n * Disinfect porous materials: Scrub porous surfaces such as wood and fabric with just the 3% hydrogen peroxide** (no additional water). Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and rinse clean. Leave non-porous materials to dry over several days and monitor for mold growth and odors. If mold develops, discard the item.\\n\\n**Hydrogen peroxide is considered an “oxygen bleach”. it is free from\\nchlorine, but it can still discolor fabrics and other materials. As such, you\\nmay want to have a specialist handle items of sentimental or monetary value\\n\\n## Remove stubborn mold stains\\n\\nSpray surface mold with 3% hydrogen peroxide and let it sit for 15 minutes,\\nbefore wiping dry. Repeat as necessary, or scrub extra-stubborn stains with\\nbaking soda.\\n\\n## Absorb lingering odors\\n\\nOnce you’ve dealt with moldy items, place bowls of vinegar, lemon water,\\nand/or saltwater around the room to absorb lingering odors. Let the bowls sit\\na few days until the smell is gone.\\n\\nSince the salt, water, lemon slices, and vinegar will absorb the odor-causing\\nbacteria, they should not be used in food or drink afterward. Instead, rinse\\nthe water and vinegar down the sink and discard lemons in the trash or\\ncompost.\\n\\nIf the odor in your home is extra strong, you may require an extra-strong\\nsolution that is still non-toxic. A company called EnviroKlenz has created an\\nadvanced mineral technology that completely neutralizes malodors that other\\nsolutions cannot. And they cover the gamut from HEPA air purifiers to odor\\nneutralizing granules for the carpet and laundry.\\n\\n### EnviroKlenz Mineral Technology\\n\\n$19.99\\n\\nEveryday Odor Eliminator\\n\\nBuy\\n\\n$15.99\\n\\nAbsorbent Odor Neutralizing Granules\\n\\nBuy\\n\\n$729.99\\n\\nHEPA Air Purifier\\n\\nBuy\\n\\n### Alternative to Enviroklenz\\n\\nAs powerful as Enviroklenz is, there is a downside in that the Everyday Odor\\nEliminator is a white creamy liquid and can be quite messy to clean up. A\\nclean alternative for neutralizing odors from surfaces is actually a mini-\\nappliance called Force of Nature that uses water + vinegar + electrolysis to\\ncreate a powerful disinfectant.\\n\\nThis highly effective sanitizer kills 99% of germs and has been approved by\\nthe EPA for use against SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19.\\nAnd as a multipurpose cleaner, it replaces your home sanitizers, deodorizers,\\nand disinfectants — and even your glass cleaner.\\n\\nThe original Starter Kit has 5 “activator capsules”, which creates 5 bottles\\nof cleaner and you can stock up on the 25-packs of the capsules thereafter. Or\\nyou can get one of the newer starter kits that already come with either 25\\ncapsules or 50 capsules if you don’t want to reorder for a while.\\n\\n### Toxin-Free Disinfectant & Deodorizer by Force of Nature\\n\\n$56\\n\\nMini-Appliance + 5 capsule Starter Kit\\n\\nBuy\\n\\n$76\\n\\nMini-Appliance + 25 capsule Starter Kit\\n\\nBuy\\n\\n$94\\n\\nMini-Appliance + 50 capsule Starter Kit\\n\\nBuy\\n\\n## Keep the room odor-free\\n\\nOnce the mold is gone, you’ll want to keep the room dry with a dehumidifier\\nand/or proper ventilation to prevent the mold from returning. You can also\\nkeep sachets of activated charcoal around the room. The odor-causing bacteria\\nwill be absorbed into the porous charcoal for up to three months. But you\\ndon’t have to toss it after that! Once it begins to lose its odor-absorbing\\nabilities, simply place it in the sun for a few hours (up to a few days) to\\nrecharge.\\n\\nResearch\\n\\n \\n\\n * http://www.fema.gov/pdf/rebuild/recover/fema_mold_brochure_english.pdf\\n * http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/dehumidifiers-for-allergies\\n * http://www.epa.gov/ttn/catc/dir1/fzeolite.pdf\\n\\n##### FREE DOWNLOAD\\n\\n## Natural Living Guide\\n\\nFind practical tips & natural alternatives to the everyday chemicals that\\ninvade our lives.\\n\\nPrevious ArticleGet Rid of Strong Paint Fumes with Salt, Lemon, and Vinegar\\n\\nNext Article How to Clean Silver Naturally with an Easy Non-Toxic Tarnish\\nRemover\\n\\n#### Related Posts\\n\\n## Your Guide to Buying High-Quality Essential Oils & Using Them Safely\\n\\n## Your Easy Guide to Essential Oil Diffusers: Nebulizing or Ultrasonic? Heat\\nor Evaporative? Let’s compare.\\n\\n## Get the Scoop on Natural Laundry Detergents, Softeners, and Whiteners\\n\\n#### 3 Comments\\n\\n 1. Pingback: Hydrogen Peroxide vs Bleach: How They Compare\\n\\n 2. Pingback: When To Repair your Commercial Garage Door\\n\\n 3. Pingback: The Best 7 Ways for Cleaning With Hydrogen Peroxide\\n\\n### Leave A Reply Cancel Reply\\n\\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\\n\\nFind practical tips and natural alternatives to the harmful toxins that invade\\nour everyday lives. Our well-researched topics also highlight thoughtful and\\nethical brands. You deserve their safer, healthier products and they deserve\\nthe recognition for going the extra mile to make sure you get them.\\n\\nFacebook Instagram Pinterest\\n\\n##### ONLINE COURSES\\n\\n© Greenopedia.com\\n\\n * about\\n * contact\\n * privacy\\n * terms\\n\\nGet practical tips & natural, toxin-free alternatives straight to your inbox.\\n\\nShare72\\n\\nPin101\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nShare\\n\\nPocket\\n\\n173Shares\\n\\nWe use cookies to measure the traffic on our website and analyze the\\neffectiveness of our campaigns. Visit our cookie policy to learn more. OK\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305225702/https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The most important aspect in keeping your shower clean is to avoid the buildup of grime, mold] and mildew that inevitably come with the wettest area of your house. The easiest way to prevent this is by making sure your shower has plenty of time to air out after use. As soon as you get out of the shower, wipe the floor and close the curtain so it can fully dry out. Shower curtains are prime targets for mildew. If you have a shower with a door, leave the door open to air out the inside of the shower. Doing these simple things each day after you bathe is the easiest way to prevent mold and mildew growth.\",\n \"Buying and using a shower spray is another easy way to make sure you don't get mold growing on your shower walls, curtain and door. There are plenty of brands to choose from, ranging from all-natural citrus sprays, to hardcore chemicals with strong scents. The idea is that the shower spray is used when the curtain and walls are still wet to help stop mold and mildew in their tracks.\",\n \"Turning on your ventilation fan or opening the windows is another way to make sure your shower and bathroom air out properly. Start the fan before you run the water and leave it running until the steam has completely cleared out. If you have a window in your bathroom and it's a fair weather month, then open the window before you shower and leave it open until the bathroom is nice and dry.\",\n \"We use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features and to analyse our traffic. We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve collected from your use of their services. You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold | HowStuffWorks\\n\\nSearchClose Search\\n\\nPrevNEXT\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nHowStuffWorks\\n\\nHome & Garden\\n\\nHome Improvement\\n\\nHousehold Hints & Tips\\n\\nCleaning\\n\\n# How to Clean a Shower With Little Effort\\n\\nPrevNEXT\\n\\nBy: Emilie Sennebogen\\n\\n## How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold\\n\\nThe most important aspect in keeping your shower clean is to avoid the buildup\\nof grime, mold] and mildew that inevitably come with the wettest area of your\\nhouse. The easiest way to prevent this is by making sure your shower has\\nplenty of time to air out after use. As soon as you get out of the shower,\\nwipe the floor and close the curtain so it can fully dry out. Shower curtains\\nare prime targets for mildew. If you have a shower with a door, leave the door\\nopen to air out the inside of the shower. Doing these simple things each day\\nafter you bathe is the easiest way to prevent mold and mildew growth.\\n\\nBuying and using a shower spray is another easy way to make sure you don't get\\nmold growing on your shower walls, curtain and door. There are plenty of\\nbrands to choose from, ranging from all-natural citrus sprays, to hardcore\\nchemicals with strong scents. The idea is that the shower spray is used when\\nthe curtain and walls are still wet to help stop mold and mildew in their\\ntracks.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nTurning on your ventilation fan or opening the windows is another way to make\\nsure your shower and bathroom air out properly. Start the fan before you run\\nthe water and leave it running until the steam has completely cleared out. If\\nyou have a window in your bathroom and it's a fair weather month, then open\\nthe window before you shower and leave it open until the bathroom is nice and\\ndry.\\n\\n### Cite This!\\n\\nPlease copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com\\narticle:\\n\\nEmilie Sennebogen \\\"How to Clean a Shower With Little Effort\\\" 4 January 2011.\\nHowStuffWorks.com. 5\\nMarch 2021\\n\\nPrint | Citation\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nLearn How Everything Works!\\n\\nCompany\\n\\n * About\\n * Careers\\n * Contact Us\\n * Help\\n * Sitemap\\n\\nInformation\\n\\n * Ad Choices\\n * Terms\\n * Reprints\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Do Not Sell My Info\\n\\nExplore\\n\\n * Quizzes\\n * Video\\n\\nPrivacy PolicyTermsAd Choices\\n\\nDo Not Sell My Info\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 HowStuffWorks, a division of InfoSpace Holdings, LLC, a\\nSystem1 Company\\n\\nPrivacy Choices\\n\\nWe use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media\\nfeatures and to analyse our traffic. We also share information about your use\\nof our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may\\ncombine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve\\ncollected from your use of their services. You consent to our cookies if you\\ncontinue to use our website.\\n\\nOK\\n\\nInformation that may be used\\n\\n * Type of browser and its settings\\n * Information about the device's operating system\\n * Cookie information\\n * Information about other identifiers assigned to the device\\n * The IP address from which the device accesses a client's website or mobile application\\n * Information about the user's activity on that device, including web pages and mobile apps visited or used\\n * Information about the geographic location of the device when it accesses a website or mobile application\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150928122613/http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Una Breve Guía para el Moho, la Humedad y su Hogar (PDF) (11 pp., 1.28 M, disponible en PDF). Documento de la agencia EPA número 402-K-03-008, reimprimido el 2010 de mayo.\",\n \"This Guide provides information and guidance for homeowners and renters on how to clean up residential mold problems and how to prevent mold growth.\",\n \"We would like to thank Paul Ellringer, PE, CIH, for providing the photo of mold on the back of wallpaper in the Hidden Mold section. Should you like to use some of the photos used in this guide, higher quality print versions are available in the Mold Gallery. These photos may be used for presentations and educational purposes without contacting EPA.\",\n \"Please note that this document presents recommendations. EPA does not regulate mold or mold spores in indoor air. Find Frequently Asked Questions about mold and moisture.\",\n \"If mold is a problem in your home, you should clean up the mold promptly and fix the water problem.\",\n \"Molds come in many colors; both white and black molds are shown here. Click on the image for larger version.\",\n \"Molds are part of the natural environment. Outdoors, molds play a part in nature by breaking down dead organic matter such as fallen leaves and dead trees, but indoors, mold growth should be avoided. Molds reproduce by means of tiny spores; the spores are invisible to the naked eye and float through outdoor and indoor air. Mold may begin growing indoors when mold spores land on surfaces that are wet. There are many types of mold, and none of them will grow without water or moisture.\",\n \"Molds are usually not a problem indoors, unless mold spores land on a wet or damp spot and begin growing. Molds have the potential to cause health problems. Molds produce allergens (substances that can cause allergic reactions), irritants, and in some cases, potentially toxic substances (mycotoxins). Inhaling or touching mold or mold spores may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Allergic responses include hay fever-type symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes, and skin rash (dermatitis). Allergic reactions to mold are common. They can be immediate or delayed. Molds can also cause asthma attacks in people with asthma who are allergic to mold. In addition, mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and lungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people. Symptoms other than the allergic and irritant types are not commonly reported as a result of inhaling mold. Research on mold and health effects is ongoing.\",\n \"Molds gradually destroy the things they grow on. You can prevent damage to your home and furnishings, save money, and avoid potential health problems by controlling moisture and eliminating mold growth\",\n \"This [guidance] provides a brief overview; it does not describe all potential health effects related to mold exposure. For more detailed information consult a health professional. You may also wish to consult your state or local health department.\",\n \"It is impossible to get rid of all mold and mold spores indoors; some mold spores will be found floating through the air and in house dust. The mold spores will not grow if moisture is not present. Indoor mold growth can and should be prevented or controlled by controlling moisture indoors. If there is mold growth in your home, you must clean up the mold and fix the water problem. If you clean up the mold, but don't fix the water problem, then, most likely, the mold problem will come back.\",\n \"Who should do the cleanup depends on a number of factors. One consideration is the size of the mold problem. If the moldy area is less than about 10 square feet (less than roughly a 3 ft. by 3 ft. patch), in most cases, you can handle the job yourself, follow the guidelines. However:\",\n \"If you already have a mold problem - ACT QUICKLY. Mold damages what it grows on. The longer it grows, the more damage it can cause.\",\n \"If there has been a lot of water damage, and/or mold growth covers more than 10 square feet, consult EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings. Although focused on schools and commercial buildings, this document is applicable to other building types.\",\n \"If you choose to hire a contractor (or other professional service provider) to do the cleanup, make sure the contractor has experience cleaning up mold. Check references and ask the contractor to follow the recommendations in EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings, the guidelines of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists (ACGIH), or other guidelines from professional or government organizations.\",\n \"If you suspect that the heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) system may be contaminated with mold (it is part of an identified moisture problem, for instance, or there is mold near the intake to the system), consult EPA's guide Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned? before taking further action. Do not run the HVAC system if you know or suspect that it is contaminated with mold - it could spread mold throughout the building.\",\n \"If the water and/or mold damage was caused by sewage or other contaminated water, then call in a professional who has experience cleaning and fixing buildings damaged by contaminated water.\",\n \"The tips and techniques presented in this section will help you clean up your mold problem. Professional cleaners or remediators may use methods not covered in this publication. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage. It may not be possible to clean an item so that its original appearance is restored.\",\n \"Mold growing on the underside of a plastic lawn chair in an area where rainwater drips through and deposits organic material. Click on the image for a larger version.\",\n \"Absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpet, may have to be thrown away if they become moldy. Mold can grow on or fill in the empty spaces and crevices of porous materials, so the mold may be difficult or impossible to remove completely.\",\n \"Do not paint or caulk moldy surfaces. Clean up the mold and dry the surfaces before painting. Paint applied over moldy surfaces is likely to peel.\",\n \"If you are unsure about how to clean an item, or if the item is expensive or of sentimental value, you may wish to consult a specialist. Specialists in furniture repair, restoration, painting, art restoration and conservation, carpet and rug cleaning, water damage, and fire or water restoration are commonly listed in phone books. Be sure to ask for and check references. Look for specialists who are affiliated with professional organizations.\",\n \"Places that are often or always damp can be hard to maintain completely free of mold. If there's some mold in the shower or elsewhere in the bathroom that seems to reappear, increasing ventilation (running a fan or opening a window) and cleaning more frequently will usually prevent mold from recurring, or at least keep the mold to a minimum\",\n \"Avoid breathing in mold or mold spores. In order to limit your exposure to airborne mold, you may want to wear an N-95 respirator, available at many hardware stores and from companies that advertise on the Internet. (They cost about $12 to $25.) Some N-95 respirators resemble a paper dust mask with a nozzle on the front, others are made primarily of plastic or rubber and have removable cartridges that trap most of the mold spores from entering. In order to be effective, the respirator or mask must fit properly, so carefully follow the instructions supplied with the respirator. Please note that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that respirators fit properly (fit testing) when used in an occupational setting; consult OSHA for more information (800-321-OSHA or www.osha.gov).\",\n \"Wear gloves. Long gloves that extend to the middle of the forearm are recommended. When working with water and a mild detergent, ordinary household rubber gloves may be used. If you are using a disinfectant, a biocide such as chlorine bleach, or a strong cleaning solution, you should select gloves made from natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, polyurethane, or PVC (see Cleanup and Biocides). Avoid touching mold or moldy items with your bare hands.\",\n \"Wear goggles. Goggles that do not have ventilation holes are recommended. Avoid getting mold or mold spores in your eyes.\",\n \"You should have completed mold removal. Visible mold and moldy odors should not be present. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage.\",\n \"You should have revisited the site(s) shortly after cleanup and it should show no signs of water damage or mold growth.\",\n \"Ultimately, this is a judgment call; there is no easy answer. If you have concerns or questions consult our Frequently Asked Questions database and ask a question if you don't find what you need.\",\n \"When water leaks or spills occur indoors - ACT QUICKLY. If wet or damp materials or areas are dried 24-48 hours after a leak or spill happens, in most cases mold will not grow.\",\n \"Make sure the ground slopes away from the building foundation, so that water does not enter or collect around the foundation.\",\n \"Keep indoor humidity low. If possible, keep indoor humidity below 60 percent (ideally between 30 and 50 percent) relative humidity. Relative humidity can be measured with a moisture or humidity meter, a small, inexpensive ($10-$50) instrument available at many hardware stores.\",\n \"If you see condensation or moisture collecting on windows, walls or pipes ACT QUICKLY to dry the wet surface and reduce the moisture/water source. Condensation can be a sign of high humidity.\",\n \"Vent appliances that produce moisture, such as clothes dryers, stoves, and kerosene heaters to the outside where possible. (Combustion appliances such as stoves and kerosene heaters produce water vapor and will increase the humidity unless vented to the outside.)\",\n \"Run the bathroom fan or open the window when showering. Use exhaust fans or open windows whenever cooking, running the dishwasher or dishwashing, etc.\",\n \"Mold growing on a wooden headboard in a room with high humidity. Click on the image for a larger version.\",\n \"Renters: Report all plumbing leaks and moisture problems immediately to your building owner, manager, or superintendent. In cases where persistent water problems are not addressed, you may want to contact local, state, or federal health or housing authorities. You can also contact your state health department.\",\n \"Rust is an indicator that condensation occurs on this drainpipe. The pipe should be insulated to prevent condensation. Click on the image for a larger version.\",\n \"Is sampling for mold needed? In most cases, if visible mold growth is present, sampling is unnecessary. Since no EPA or other federal limits have been set for mold or mold spores, sampling cannot be used to check a building's compliance with federal mold standards. Surface sampling may be useful to determine if an area has been adequately cleaned or remediated. Sampling for mold should be conducted by professionals who have specific experience in designing mold sampling protocols, sampling methods, and interpreting results. Sample analysis should follow analytical methods recommended by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), or other professional organizations.\",\n \"Water stain on a basement wall -- locate and fix the source of the water promptly. Click on the image for a larger version.\",\n \"You may suspect hidden mold if a building smells moldy, but you cannot see the source, or if you know there has been water damage and residents are reporting health problems. Mold may be hidden in places such as the back side of dry wall, wallpaper, or paneling, the top side of ceiling tiles, the underside of carpets and pads, etc. Other possible locations of hidden mold include areas inside walls around pipes (with leaking or condensing pipes), the surface of walls behind furniture (where condensation forms), inside ductwork, and in roof materials above ceiling tiles (due to roof leaks or insufficient insulation).\",\n \"Investigating hidden mold problems may be difficult and will require caution when the investigation involves disturbing potential sites of mold growth. For example, removal of wallpaper can lead to a massive release of spores if there is mold growing on the underside of the paper. If you believe that you may have a hidden mold problem, consider hiring an experienced professional.\",\n \"Biocides are substances that can destroy living organisms. The use of a chemical or biocide that kills organisms such as mold (chlorine bleach, for example) is not recommended as a routine practice during mold cleanup. There may be instances, however, when professional judgment may indicate its use (for example, when immune-compromised individuals are present). In most cases, it is not possible or desirable to sterilize an area; a background level of mold spores will remain - these spores will not grow if the moisture problem has been resolved. If you choose to use disinfectants or biocides, always ventilate the area and exhaust the air to the outdoors. Never mix chlorine bleach solution with other cleaning solutions or detergents that contain ammonia because toxic fumes could be produced.\",\n \"Please note: Dead mold may still cause allergic reactions in some people, so it is not enough to simply kill the mold, it must also be removed.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home | Mold and Moisture | US\\nEnvironmental Protection Agency\\n\\nJump to main content or area navigation.\\n\\n * Learn the Issues\\n * Science & Technology\\n * Laws & Regulations\\n * About EPA\\n\\nContact Us\\n\\nMold and Moisture\\n\\n * You are here: EPA Home\\n * Air\\n * Indoor Air\\n * Mold and Moisture\\n * A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home\\n\\n# A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home\\n\\nEPA 402-K-02-003, Reprinted September 2010\\n\\n(PDF, 20 pp, 1.4 M, About PDF)\\n\\nUna Breve Guía para el Moho, la Humedad y su Hogar (PDF) (11 pp., 1.28 M,\\ndisponible en PDF). Documento de la agencia EPA número 402-K-03-008,\\nreimprimido el 2010 de mayo.\\n\\n\\\"Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings\\\" (PDF, 56 pp, 1.6 M)\\n[EPA 402-K-01-001, reprinted September 2008]\\n\\nOrder publications from EPA's NSCEP. Use the EPA Document Number when\\nordering.\\n\\nThis Guide provides information and guidance for homeowners and renters on how\\nto clean up residential mold problems and how to prevent mold growth.\\n\\n * Mold Basics\\n\\n * Why is mold growing in my home?\\n * Can mold cause health problems?\\n * How do I get rid of mold?\\n * Mold Cleanup\\n\\n * Who should do the cleanup?\\n * Mold Cleanup Guidelines\\n\\n * Tips and techniques\\n * Bathroom Tip\\n * What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas\\n\\n * How Do I Know When the Remediation or Cleanup is Finished?\\n * Moisture and Mold Prevention and Control Tips\\n\\n * Actions that will help to reduce humidity\\n * Actions that will help prevent condensation Tips for Renters\\n * Testing or sampling for mold\\n * Hidden Mold\\n * Cleanup and Biocides\\n\\nWe would like to thank Paul Ellringer, PE, CIH, for providing the photo of\\nmold on the back of wallpaper in the Hidden Mold section. Should you like to\\nuse some of the photos used in this guide, higher quality print versions are\\navailable in the Mold Gallery. These photos may be used for presentations and\\neducational purposes without contacting EPA.\\n\\nPlease note that this document presents recommendations. EPA does not regulate\\nmold or mold spores in indoor air. Find Frequently Asked Questions about mold\\nand moisture.\\n\\n### Mold Basics\\n\\n * The key to mold control is moisture control.\\n * If mold is a problem in your home, you should clean up the mold promptly and fix the water problem.\\n * It is important to dry water-damaged areas and items within 24-48 hours to prevent mold growth.\\n\\n#### Why is mold growing in my home?\\n\\nMold growing outdoors on firewood.\\n\\nMolds come in many colors; both white and black molds are shown here. Click on\\nthe image for larger version.\\n\\nMolds are part of the natural environment. Outdoors, molds play a part in\\nnature by breaking down dead organic matter such as fallen leaves and dead\\ntrees, but indoors, mold growth should be avoided. Molds reproduce by means of\\ntiny spores; the spores are invisible to the naked eye and float through\\noutdoor and indoor air. Mold may begin growing indoors when mold spores land\\non surfaces that are wet. There are many types of mold, and none of them will\\ngrow without water or moisture.\\n\\n#### Can mold cause health problems?\\n\\nMolds are usually not a problem indoors, unless mold spores land on a wet or\\ndamp spot and begin growing. Molds have the potential to cause health\\nproblems. Molds produce allergens (substances that can cause allergic\\nreactions), irritants, and in some cases, potentially toxic substances\\n(mycotoxins). Inhaling or touching mold or mold spores may cause allergic\\nreactions in sensitive individuals. Allergic responses include hay fever-type\\nsymptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes, and skin rash (dermatitis).\\nAllergic reactions to mold are common. They can be immediate or delayed. Molds\\ncan also cause asthma attacks in people with asthma who are allergic to mold.\\nIn addition, mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and\\nlungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people. Symptoms other than the\\nallergic and irritant types are not commonly reported as a result of inhaling\\nmold. Research on mold and health effects is ongoing.\\n\\nMagnified mold spores\\n\\nMolds gradually destroy the things they grow on. You can prevent damage to\\nyour home and furnishings, save money, and avoid potential health problems by\\ncontrolling moisture and eliminating mold growth\\n\\nThis [guidance] provides a brief overview; it does not describe all potential\\nhealth effects related to mold exposure. For more detailed information consult\\na health professional. You may also wish to consult your state or local health\\ndepartment.\\n\\n#### How do I get rid of mold?\\n\\nIt is impossible to get rid of all mold and mold spores indoors; some mold\\nspores will be found floating through the air and in house dust. The mold\\nspores will not grow if moisture is not present. Indoor mold growth can and\\nshould be prevented or controlled by controlling moisture indoors. If there is\\nmold growth in your home, you must clean up the mold and fix the water\\nproblem. If you clean up the mold, but don't fix the water problem, then, most\\nlikely, the mold problem will come back.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\n### Mold Cleanup\\n\\nWho should do the cleanup depends on a number of factors. One consideration is\\nthe size of the mold problem. If the moldy area is less than about 10 square\\nfeet (less than roughly a 3 ft. by 3 ft. patch), in most cases, you can handle\\nthe job yourself, follow the guidelines. However:\\n\\nIf you already have a mold problem - ACT QUICKLY. Mold damages what it grows\\non. The longer it grows, the more damage it can cause.\\n\\nLeaky window - mold is beginning to rot the wooden frame and windowsill.\\n\\n * If there has been a lot of water damage, and/or mold growth covers more than 10 square feet, consult EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings. Although focused on schools and commercial buildings, this document is applicable to other building types.\\n * If you choose to hire a contractor (or other professional service provider) to do the cleanup, make sure the contractor has experience cleaning up mold. Check references and ask the contractor to follow the recommendations in EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings, the guidelines of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists (ACGIH), or other guidelines from professional or government organizations.\\n * If you suspect that the heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) system may be contaminated with mold (it is part of an identified moisture problem, for instance, or there is mold near the intake to the system), consult EPA's guide Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned? before taking further action. Do not run the HVAC system if you know or suspect that it is contaminated with mold - it could spread mold throughout the building.\\n * If the water and/or mold damage was caused by sewage or other contaminated water, then call in a professional who has experience cleaning and fixing buildings damaged by contaminated water.\\n * If you have health concerns, consult a health professional before starting cleanup.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\n### Mold Cleanup Guidelines\\n\\n#### Tips and techniques\\n\\nThe tips and techniques presented in this section will help you clean up your\\nmold problem. Professional cleaners or remediators may use methods not covered\\nin this publication. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic\\ndamage. It may not be possible to clean an item so that its original\\nappearance is restored.\\n\\nMold growing on the underside of a plastic lawn chair in an area where\\nrainwater drips through and deposits organic material. Click on the image for\\na larger version.\\n\\nMold growing on a piece of ceiling tile. Click on the image for a larger\\nversion.\\n\\n * Fix plumbing leaks and other water problems as soon as possible. Dry all items completely.\\n * Scrub mold off hard surfaces with detergent and water, and dry completely.\\n * Absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpet, may have to be thrown away if they become moldy. Mold can grow on or fill in the empty spaces and crevices of porous materials, so the mold may be difficult or impossible to remove completely.\\n * Avoid exposing yourself or others to mold (see discussions: What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas and Hidden Mold).\\n * Do not paint or caulk moldy surfaces. Clean up the mold and dry the surfaces before painting. Paint applied over moldy surfaces is likely to peel.\\n * If you are unsure about how to clean an item, or if the item is expensive or of sentimental value, you may wish to consult a specialist. Specialists in furniture repair, restoration, painting, art restoration and conservation, carpet and rug cleaning, water damage, and fire or water restoration are commonly listed in phone books. Be sure to ask for and check references. Look for specialists who are affiliated with professional organizations.\\n\\nBathroom Tip\\n\\nPlaces that are often or always damp can be hard to maintain completely free\\nof mold. If there's some mold in the shower or elsewhere in the bathroom that\\nseems to reappear, increasing ventilation (running a fan or opening a window)\\nand cleaning more frequently will usually prevent mold from recurring, or at\\nleast keep the mold to a minimum\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\n### What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas\\n\\nIt is important to take precautions to LIMIT YOUR EXPOSURE to mold and mold\\nspores.\\n\\nCleaning while wearing N-95 respirator, gloves and goggles. Click on the image\\nfor a larger version.\\n\\n * Avoid breathing in mold or mold spores. In order to limit your exposure to airborne mold, you may want to wear an N-95 respirator, available at many hardware stores and from companies that advertise on the Internet. (They cost about $12 to $25.) Some N-95 respirators resemble a paper dust mask with a nozzle on the front, others are made primarily of plastic or rubber and have removable cartridges that trap most of the mold spores from entering. In order to be effective, the respirator or mask must fit properly, so carefully follow the instructions supplied with the respirator. Please note that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that respirators fit properly (fit testing) when used in an occupational setting; consult OSHA for more information (800-321-OSHA or www.osha.gov).\\n * Wear gloves. Long gloves that extend to the middle of the forearm are recommended. When working with water and a mild detergent, ordinary household rubber gloves may be used. If you are using a disinfectant, a biocide such as chlorine bleach, or a strong cleaning solution, you should select gloves made from natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, polyurethane, or PVC (see Cleanup and Biocides). Avoid touching mold or moldy items with your bare hands.\\n * Wear goggles. Goggles that do not have ventilation holes are recommended. Avoid getting mold or mold spores in your eyes.\\n\\n#### How Do I Know When the Remediation or Cleanup is Finished?\\n\\nMold growing on a suitcase stored in a humid basement. Click on the image for\\na larger version.\\n\\nYou must have completely fixed the water or moisture problem before the\\ncleanup or remediation can be considered finished.\\n\\n * You should have completed mold removal. Visible mold and moldy odors should not be present. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage.\\n * You should have revisited the site(s) shortly after cleanup and it should show no signs of water damage or mold growth.\\n * People should have been able to occupy or re-occupy the area without health complaints or physical symptoms.\\n * Ultimately, this is a judgment call; there is no easy answer. If you have concerns or questions consult our Frequently Asked Questions database and ask a question if you don't find what you need.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\n### Moisture and Mold Prevention and Control Tips\\n\\nMoisture Control is the Key to Mold Control\\n\\nMold growing on the surface of a unit ventilator. Click on the image for a\\nlarger version.\\n\\nCondensation on the inside of a windowpane.\\n\\n * When water leaks or spills occur indoors - ACT QUICKLY. If wet or damp materials or areas are dried 24-48 hours after a leak or spill happens, in most cases mold will not grow.\\n * Clean and repair roof gutters regularly.\\n * Make sure the ground slopes away from the building foundation, so that water does not enter or collect around the foundation.\\n * Keep air conditioning drip pans clean and the drain lines unobstructed and flowing properly.\\n * Keep indoor humidity low. If possible, keep indoor humidity below 60 percent (ideally between 30 and 50 percent) relative humidity. Relative humidity can be measured with a moisture or humidity meter, a small, inexpensive ($10-$50) instrument available at many hardware stores.\\n * If you see condensation or moisture collecting on windows, walls or pipes ACT QUICKLY to dry the wet surface and reduce the moisture/water source. Condensation can be a sign of high humidity.\\n\\n#### Actions that will help to reduce humidity\\n\\n * Vent appliances that produce moisture, such as clothes dryers, stoves, and kerosene heaters to the outside where possible. (Combustion appliances such as stoves and kerosene heaters produce water vapor and will increase the humidity unless vented to the outside.)\\n * Use air conditioners and/or de-humidifiers when needed.\\n * Run the bathroom fan or open the window when showering. Use exhaust fans or open windows whenever cooking, running the dishwasher or dishwashing, etc.\\n\\n#### Actions that will help prevent condensation\\n\\nMold growing on a wooden headboard in a room with high humidity. Click on the\\nimage for a larger version.\\n\\n * Reduce the humidity.\\n * Increase ventilation or air movement by opening doors and/or windows, when practical. Use fans as needed.\\n * Cover cold surfaces, such as cold water pipes, with insulation.\\n * Increase air temperature.\\n\\nRenters: Report all plumbing leaks and moisture problems immediately to your\\nbuilding owner, manager, or superintendent. In cases where persistent water\\nproblems are not addressed, you may want to contact local, state, or federal\\nhealth or housing authorities. You can also contact your state health\\ndepartment.\\n\\n#### Testing or Sampling for Mold\\n\\nRust is an indicator that condensation occurs on this drainpipe. The pipe\\nshould be insulated to prevent condensation. Click on the image for a larger\\nversion.\\n\\nIs sampling for mold needed? In most cases, if visible mold growth is present,\\nsampling is unnecessary. Since no EPA or other federal limits have been set\\nfor mold or mold spores, sampling cannot be used to check a building's\\ncompliance with federal mold standards. Surface sampling may be useful to\\ndetermine if an area has been adequately cleaned or remediated. Sampling for\\nmold should be conducted by professionals who have specific experience in\\ndesigning mold sampling protocols, sampling methods, and interpreting results.\\nSample analysis should follow analytical methods recommended by the American\\nIndustrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), the American Conference of Governmental\\nIndustrial Hygienists (ACGIH), or other professional organizations.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\n### Hidden Mold\\n\\n#### Suspicion of hidden mold\\n\\nMold growing on the back side of wallpaper.\\n\\nWater stain on a basement wall -- locate and fix the source of the water\\npromptly. Click on the image for a larger version.\\n\\nYou may suspect hidden mold if a building smells moldy, but you cannot see the\\nsource, or if you know there has been water damage and residents are reporting\\nhealth problems. Mold may be hidden in places such as the back side of dry\\nwall, wallpaper, or paneling, the top side of ceiling tiles, the underside of\\ncarpets and pads, etc. Other possible locations of hidden mold include areas\\ninside walls around pipes (with leaking or condensing pipes), the surface of\\nwalls behind furniture (where condensation forms), inside ductwork, and in\\nroof materials above ceiling tiles (due to roof leaks or insufficient\\ninsulation).\\n\\n#### Investigating hidden mold problems\\n\\nInvestigating hidden mold problems may be difficult and will require caution\\nwhen the investigation involves disturbing potential sites of mold growth. For\\nexample, removal of wallpaper can lead to a massive release of spores if there\\nis mold growing on the underside of the paper. If you believe that you may\\nhave a hidden mold problem, consider hiring an experienced professional.\\n\\n### Cleanup and Biocides\\n\\nBiocides are substances that can destroy living organisms. The use of a\\nchemical or biocide that kills organisms such as mold (chlorine bleach, for\\nexample) is not recommended as a routine practice during mold cleanup. There\\nmay be instances, however, when professional judgment may indicate its use\\n(for example, when immune-compromised individuals are present). In most cases,\\nit is not possible or desirable to sterilize an area; a background level of\\nmold spores will remain - these spores will not grow if the moisture problem\\nhas been resolved. If you choose to use disinfectants or biocides, always\\nventilate the area and exhaust the air to the outdoors. Never mix chlorine\\nbleach solution with other cleaning solutions or detergents that contain\\nammonia because toxic fumes could be produced.\\n\\nPlease note: Dead mold may still cause allergic reactions in some people, so\\nit is not enough to simply kill the mold, it must also be removed.\\n\\nTop of page\\n\\n#### Area Navigation\\n\\n * Mold & Moisture Home\\n\\n * Basic Information\\n * Where You Live\\n * Frequent Questions\\n * Publications\\n * Glossary of Terms\\n * Related Links\\n * Flood Cleanup\\n * Natural Emergencies\\n * El medio ambiente y su salud: Moho\\n\\n * News Feeds\\n * Podcasts\\n * EPA Mobile\\n * News by Email\\n * Widgets\\n\\n * EPA Home\\n * Privacy and Security Notice\\n * Contact Us\\n\\nThe Seal of the United States Environmental Protection Agency\\n\\nJump to main content.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210621144253/https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Best Dehumidifier for Mold\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Dehumidifiers have been growing in popularity recently. They are useful machines that are able to remove the excess moisture from your home, while protecting all your prized belongings from damage. They are used to make the house feel more comfortable and livable.\",\n \"However, the best dehumidifier for mold is also favourable because of its health benefits. These machines are especially helpful to people with asthma, as they are helped to breathe easier. This is because mold is removed from the home and air.\",\n \"With all this being said, people are still wondering exactly how effective dehumidifiers are. They want to know will a dehumidifier kill mold and mold spores. This article will educate you on the answer to this query.\",\n \"Dehumidifiers work by taking the hot air in a room, and passing it through a fan inside the machine. The moisture in the air is stuck inside the machine, and the resulting dry air is cycled back into the room. Once your room has been dried out with the use of a dehumidifier, there is much less of a chance that condensation will settle on your possessions.\",\n \"Mold will not form, and items will remain safe and unaffected by moisture damage. The size of your dehumidifier really depends on how large the area is that you wish to keep cool and dry. The dehumidifiers vary in terms of how much moisture they can remove from a space. The smallest is 30 pints per day, and the largest is over 90 points per day.\",\n \"Mold has the ability to grow anywhere that it wants to. It can be found in books, carpets, window panes, or even in your kitchen. Obviously, none of us want to be in close contact with mold, as it can potentially harm us and our families.\",\n \"The most likely place that mold will be found include areas in the house that are damper than others. This could include basements or crawl spaces. This article contains a couple factors that should be taken into account when deciding the best way to use a dehumidifier to fight your mold problem.\",\n \"The amount of humidity that the dehumidifier removes from your house is important to know. This is because mold in the house will remain active and toxic if the humidity is at or above a certain level. Typically, if the humidity level is above 60%, the mold will start to become a serious issue, and will not go away. With only a limited access to moisture, the mold spores will continue growing and infecting the inhabitants of the home when the humidity level is above 60%.\",\n \"When dehumidifiers are set to remove enough moisture so the humidity level drops below 50-60%, the mold spores are unable to grow and spread. If this level of humidity is regulated for a certain about of time (approximately 1 week), the spores will be deprived of moisture and everything should air out. New spores will be unable to develop at all, and the air should become easier to breathe.\",\n \"Checking the humidity level of the home is fairly simple. Visually, you should be able to see obvious signs of humidity, such as condensation on the windows, mildew growth, or water stains on ceilings and walls.\",\n \"To test the level more accurately, you can purchase a hygrometer for your home. It is battery operated, and looks similar to a temperature gauge. By following the instructions provided by the manufacturer, you should be able to use your hygrometer to check the humidity levels of the house, and set your dehumidifier correspondingly.\",\n \"Even though dehumidifiers have the ability to prevent mold growth and spread, they cannot remove spores that are already in existence. To ensure that this infectious fungus is gone for good, it needs to be removed and the area has to be continually cleaned. There are a variety of products that you can look for in the store that may assist with the removal of visible mold spores. Alternatively, simple household products such as soap, water and bleach can remove mold when regularly used.\",\n \"To prevent mold from growing inside your dehumidifier, you must remember to empty it on a regular basis. The moisture bucket is a warm and damp place, which is exactly the conditions where mold is likely to form. Your dehumidifier should have a fill indicator on it, which will let you know exactly when you have to empty it. The frequency of having to empty it will depend on where you are located, and what the climate conditions are like. It can vary from once every few days, to multiple times per day.\",\n \"If you are a forgetful type of person, and don’t want to worry about remembering to empty the bucket, there is an alternative. You can run a drain hose from the dehumidifier into a floor drain or sump pump. This means that the dehumidifier will automatically drain water as soon as it has been collected.\",\n \"If you have a serious mold problem in your home, it is recommended that you get it professionally removed, and then continue using your dehumidifier afterwards to prevent further spore development.\",\n \"To answer the question that was posed at the beginning of the article: dehumidifiers will not kill mold, because the existing spores will not be removed. However, the best dehumidifier for mold can stop the onslaught of new mold from appearing, and will work to stop any further spore growth in the house.\",\n \"Have you had any luck dealing with mold in your house? Sometimes it is challenging to get rid of mold, when the typical methods prove to be ineffective. Let us know how you solved the problem, we’d love to hear it!\",\n \"Do not ignore signs that you have mold in your home. It creates an unhealthy environment for all of the inhabitants, and should be dealt with before it gets worse.\",\n \"I live in an area with very high humidity and have mold in the air in the house. We cannot close the house because there is no glass on the windows. Is there any chance that a dehumidifier will help or would it be a waste of money?\",\n \"You’ve probably figured it out by now Shane, but if the environment is not sealed, the dehumidifier will need to work constantly to fight the encroaching moisture. Dehumidifiers are fairly expensive to run, so while this would decrease your ambient humidity (given a large enough dehumidifier), the cost would be extraordinary. (I ran mine in a sealed 10x12x7 room in Hawaii, and it cost over $100/mo) This article glossed over why the hot air condenses in the dehumidifier, but I believe it runs a compressor to create a heat pump.. making it basically an air conditioner with poor heat exchange properties, and air flow control. (And, an air conditioner serves as a dehumidifier if you were in the market for a/c)\",\n \"Good Air Geeks is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We also participate in other affiliate programs where we are compensated for items purchased through links from our site (at no cost to the buyer).\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Best Dehumidifier for Mold - Kill Mold Effectively? - Good Air Geeks\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n * Environment\\n * Design And Architecture\\n * Clean Energy\\n * Reviews\\n\\n * Dehumidifier Reviews\\n * Humidifier Reviews\\n * Air Filter Reviews\\n * Air Purifier Reviews\\n\\n# Best Dehumidifier for Mold – Kill Mold Effectively?\\n\\nby Gavin Wilson\\n\\nAir Quality Dehumidifier Reviews\\n\\nSharing is caring!\\n\\n * Share\\n * Tweet\\n\\nDehumidifiers have been growing in popularity recently. They are useful\\nmachines that are able to remove the excess moisture from your home, while\\nprotecting all your prized belongings from damage. They are used to make the\\nhouse feel more comfortable and livable.\\n\\nHowever, the best dehumidifier for mold is also favourable because of its\\nhealth benefits. These machines are especially helpful to people with asthma,\\nas they are helped to breathe easier. This is because mold is removed from the\\nhome and air.\\n\\nWith all this being said, people are still wondering exactly how effective\\ndehumidifiers are. They want to know will a dehumidifier kill mold and mold\\nspores. This article will educate you on the answer to this query.\\n\\nTable of Contents\\n\\n## How Do the Best Dehumidifier for Mold Work?\\n\\nDehumidifiers work by taking the hot air in a room, and passing it through a\\nfan inside the machine. The moisture in the air is stuck inside the machine,\\nand the resulting dry air is cycled back into the room. Once your room has\\nbeen dried out with the use of a dehumidifier, there is much less of a chance\\nthat condensation will settle on your possessions.\\n\\nMold will not form, and items will remain safe and unaffected by moisture\\ndamage. The size of your dehumidifier really depends on how large the area is\\nthat you wish to keep cool and dry. The dehumidifiers vary in terms of how\\nmuch moisture they can remove from a space. The smallest is 30 pints per day,\\nand the largest is over 90 points per day.\\n\\n## So, will a Dehumidifier Solve My Mold Problem?\\n\\nMold has the ability to grow anywhere that it wants to. It can be found in\\nbooks, carpets, window panes, or even in your kitchen. Obviously, none of us\\nwant to be in close contact with mold, as it can potentially harm us and our\\nfamilies.\\n\\nThe most likely place that mold will be found include areas in the house that\\nare damper than others. This could include basements or crawl spaces. This\\narticle contains a couple factors that should be taken into account when\\ndeciding the best way to use a dehumidifier to fight your mold problem.\\n\\n## Humidity Level\\n\\nThe amount of humidity that the dehumidifier removes from your house is\\nimportant to know. This is because mold in the house will remain active and\\ntoxic if the humidity is at or above a certain level. Typically, if the\\nhumidity level is above 60%, the mold will start to become a serious issue,\\nand will not go away. With only a limited access to moisture, the mold spores\\nwill continue growing and infecting the inhabitants of the home when the\\nhumidity level is above 60%.\\n\\nWhen dehumidifiers are set to remove enough moisture so the humidity level\\ndrops below 50-60%, the mold spores are unable to grow and spread. If this\\nlevel of humidity is regulated for a certain about of time (approximately 1\\nweek), the spores will be deprived of moisture and everything should air out.\\nNew spores will be unable to develop at all, and the air should become easier\\nto breathe.\\n\\nChecking the humidity level of the home is fairly simple. Visually, you should\\nbe able to see obvious signs of humidity, such as condensation on the windows,\\nmildew growth, or water stains on ceilings and walls.\\n\\nTo test the level more accurately, you can purchase a hygrometer for your\\nhome. It is battery operated, and looks similar to a temperature gauge. By\\nfollowing the instructions provided by the manufacturer, you should be able to\\nuse your hygrometer to check the humidity levels of the house, and set your\\ndehumidifier correspondingly.\\n\\nClick For Price\\n\\n## Existing Mold Spores\\n\\nEven though dehumidifiers have the ability to prevent mold growth and spread,\\nthey cannot remove spores that are already in existence. To ensure that this\\ninfectious fungus is gone for good, it needs to be removed and the area has to\\nbe continually cleaned. There are a variety of products that you can look for\\nin the store that may assist with the removal of visible mold spores.\\nAlternatively, simple household products such as soap, water and bleach can\\nremove mold when regularly used.\\n\\n## Mold Spores\\n\\nTo prevent mold from growing inside your dehumidifier, you must remember to\\nempty it on a regular basis. The moisture bucket is a warm and damp place,\\nwhich is exactly the conditions where mold is likely to form. Your\\ndehumidifier should have a fill indicator on it, which will let you know\\nexactly when you have to empty it. The frequency of having to empty it will\\ndepend on where you are located, and what the climate conditions are like. It\\ncan vary from once every few days, to multiple times per day.\\n\\nIf you are a forgetful type of person, and don’t want to worry about\\nremembering to empty the bucket, there is an alternative. You can run a drain\\nhose from the dehumidifier into a floor drain or sump pump. This means that\\nthe dehumidifier will automatically drain water as soon as it has been\\ncollected.\\n\\nIf you have a serious mold problem in your home, it is recommended that you\\nget it professionally removed, and then continue using your dehumidifier\\nafterwards to prevent further spore development.\\n\\n## Conclusion\\n\\nTo answer the question that was posed at the beginning of the article:\\ndehumidifiers will not kill mold, because the existing spores will not be\\nremoved. However, the best dehumidifier for mold can stop the onslaught of new\\nmold from appearing, and will work to stop any further spore growth in the\\nhouse.\\n\\nHave you had any luck dealing with mold in your house? Sometimes it is\\nchallenging to get rid of mold, when the typical methods prove to be\\nineffective. Let us know how you solved the problem, we’d love to hear it!\\n\\nDo not ignore signs that you have mold in your home. It creates an unhealthy\\nenvironment for all of the inhabitants, and should be dealt with before it\\ngets worse.\\n\\nSharing is caring!\\n\\n * Share\\n * Tweet\\n\\nCategories Air Quality, Dehumidifier Reviews\\n\\n### 2 thoughts on “Best Dehumidifier for Mold – Kill Mold Effectively?”\\n\\n 1. Shane McRae\\n\\nat\\n\\nI live in an area with very high humidity and have mold in the air in the\\nhouse. We cannot close the house because there is no glass on the windows. Is\\nthere any chance that a dehumidifier will help or would it be a waste of\\nmoney?\\n\\n * Will Ralphs\\n\\nat\\n\\nYou’ve probably figured it out by now Shane, but if the environment is not\\nsealed, the dehumidifier will need to work constantly to fight the encroaching\\nmoisture. Dehumidifiers are fairly expensive to run, so while this would\\ndecrease your ambient humidity (given a large enough dehumidifier), the cost\\nwould be extraordinary. (I ran mine in a sealed 10x12x7 room in Hawaii, and it\\ncost over $100/mo) This article glossed over why the hot air condenses in the\\ndehumidifier, but I believe it runs a compressor to create a heat pump..\\nmaking it basically an air conditioner with poor heat exchange properties, and\\nair flow control. (And, an air conditioner serves as a dehumidifier if you\\nwere in the market for a/c)\\n\\nComments are closed.\\n\\n## Related Posts\\n\\n##### The Best Dehumidifier With Pump And Why Guide and Reviews\\n\\nGavin Wilson\\n\\n##### Best Air Purifiers for Babies\\n\\nCandace O\\n\\n##### How to Clean a Crane humidifier\\n\\nCandace O\\n\\n##### A Look At The Best Small Dehumidifiers You Can Buy\\n\\nGavin Wilson\\n\\n##### Everything You Need to Know About Air Pollution\\n\\nCandace O\\n\\n##### Hisense Dehumidifier Reviews – 2021 Reviews and Comparison\\n\\nGavin Wilson\\n\\n## FOLLOW US\\n\\n## Related Posts\\n\\nCan You Use Essential Oils on a Furnace Filter? Why or Why Not?Best\\nDehumidifiers – Reviews and Buyers GuideBest Frigidaire DehumidifierThe Very\\nBest Commercial Dehumidifier – 2021 Guide and ReviewsWhere is the Air\\nConditioner Filter Located?\\n\\nGood Air Geeks is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program,\\nan affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn\\nadvertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We also participate\\nin other affiliate programs where we are compensated for items purchased\\nthrough links from our site (at no cost to the buyer).\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 by Good Air Geeks\\n\\n * Disclaimer\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms Of Service\\n * Contact\\n * About\\n\\n48 shares\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518115034/https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Most people understand that mold likes moisture. That’s why bathrooms are so vulnerable to mold. Water that gets onto the bathroom floor after showering or bathing is an obvious concern. But waterproof flooring materials like ceramic tile or sheet vinyl do a good job of minimizing the mold potential of water that gets on the floor. Of greater concern is moisture in the air –moisture that can permeate wall and ceiling materials because of poor bathroom ventilation.\",\n \"When the bathroom fills with a fog of moist air while someone is taking a hot shower, thousands of moisture droplets can condense on cool wall, ceiling and window surfaces in the bathroom and also in adjacent rooms. Some of this moist air can even penetrate into unseen building cavities through cracks and gaps around electrical outlets and molding. Because damp organic material (wood, paper-faced wallboard, paint resins, paper-faced fiberglass insulation) makes ideal mold food, we have the makings of a mold invasion.\",\n \"The bathroom vent fan is a major weapon against bathroom mold. The fan’s job is to move moist air outside the house before it can condense and permeate into mold-prone materials. Most building codes require that bathrooms be equipped with “active ventilation” in the form of a ventilation fan. However, the bath fan only helps to prevent mold and moisture damage if it’s turned on during bathing activities and kept on until moist air is moved outside. Who can say whether or not the next person to take a shower will remember to turn on the fan?\",\n \"Another problem that can occur with bathroom vent fans has to do with how they are installed. Some builders mistakenly allow the fan to blow moist air into the attic, a practice that simply moves the mold problem to another part of the house. During cold weather, warm, moist air blown into a cooler attic will deposit its moisture on attic rafters and roof sheathing. Telltale black mold stains typically result from this ventilation error. Eventually, this mold can develop into wood rot.\",\n \"Fortunately, there are several ways to make sure the bath fan is used properly to evacuate moist air. First and foremost, the fan must be ducted to the exterior, not to the attic. Best practice for bath fan installation also includes using spray foam or caulk to seal air leaks around the ceiling opening for the fan, and covering the fan with attic insulation.\",\n \"To ensure that the fan is always used to exhaust moist air from the bathroom, the fan can simply be controlled by the same switch that operates to bathroom’s main light fixture. The fan comes on with the light, whether it’s needed or not. Another approach favored by many homeowners is to install a fan that is controlled by a humidistat. This device measures the bathroom’s humidity level, turning on the fan when a preset humidity level is detected. This type of sophisticated control will also turn the fan off automatically when the humidity falls below a preset level. Manufacturers like Braun and Panasonic are leading the way in developing advanced controls for bath fans that are also quiet and energy efficient.\",\n \"Interested in learning about mold and how to get rid of it? I recommend checking out the EPA’s guide for mold cleanup and this very informative mold learning center.\",\n \"Thanks for sharing, we had a slight mold issue I was able to get a handle on before it got to bad. My kids are horrible with turning the fan on when showering and I am convinced this was the ultimate issue, well that and the fan was not working 100% of the time. Mold removal can be such a costly en- devour! When shopping for a new Bathroom exhaust fan I found the following website helpful. http://thebathroomhomeguide.com/bathroom-exhaust-fan/\",\n \"Thanks for this informative blog. I’m considering have a window to allow a better air circulation in the bathroom. Would that a good option to avoid mold?\",\n \"Hey there, I really appreciate your post, it was really informative. I’ll be looking forward for Home, or kitchen exhaust fan your next post....\",\n \"Great post. Which manufacturer/model would you recommend the most for ventilation? At the moment I’m looking to get Panasonic 110 CFM for my bathroom...\",\n \"Treating with mold is a difficult task but the more annoying task is to recognize the mold and its symptoms. Most of times homeowners take it lightly but their after sideffects are too dangerous. Types of molds and its symptoms http://www.floodaz.com/types-of-mold/\",\n \"This is a nice post about exhaust fan. Exhaust fan in hails fresh air from outside and remove air from inside the room. This post has shown some great model of exhaust fan. So thanks for writing such a awesome post.\",\n \"Mold along with the bathroom ventilator is costly but this didn’t exist for a long time for me. my kids used to play with these exhaust fans as the wall mounted is little low in my home. I finally checked for various sources and finally got the exact exhaust and the ventilation fan for my bathroom from http://bestfanreviews.com/\",\n \"My family and I live in Michigan. We live in an apartment on the top floor. When it is very windy outside, dark flakes come out of the bathroom ceiling fan vent. This has happened more than once. I think this started after some roofers did roof work (about two years ago). Last week, a lot of dark flakes came out of the bathroom vent. The flakes got on the toilet and floor. I called the housing inspector days ago, but he has not called me back. A maintenance guy came over yesterday, and he vacuumed out the vent. Do you know what the dark flakes are? Can they cause health problems? The maintenance guy said the stuff is dirt. The flakes don’t look like dirt.\",\n \"Our vision is to help mold victims find relief, educate homeowners on sound mold prevention practices, and raise remediation standards in the mold removal industry.\",\n \"The information on this site is not a substitute for experienced remediation services or professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Content on this website is for general information purposes.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation - Mold Blogger\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n## Join the fight!\\n\\nShare about your mold battle! OR Ask a question to our mold experts!\\n\\n## Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation\\n\\nAugust 12, 2013January 7, 2018 BrianReeves Black Mold, Featured, Guest Posts,\\nMold Information, Mold Prevention, Toxic Mold, Water Damage\\n\\nA properly installed vent fan is an essential weapon against bathroom mold.\\n\\nMost people understand that mold likes moisture. That’s why bathrooms are so\\nvulnerable to mold. Water that gets onto the bathroom floor after showering or\\nbathing is an obvious concern. But waterproof flooring materials like ceramic\\ntile or sheet vinyl do a good job of minimizing the mold potential of water\\nthat gets on the floor. Of greater concern is moisture in the air –moisture\\nthat can permeate wall and ceiling materials because of poor bathroom\\nventilation.\\n\\nWhen the bathroom fills with a fog of moist air while someone is taking a hot\\nshower, thousands of moisture droplets can condense on cool wall, ceiling and\\nwindow surfaces in the bathroom and also in adjacent rooms. Some of this moist\\nair can even penetrate into unseen building cavities through cracks and gaps\\naround electrical outlets and molding. Because damp organic material (wood,\\npaper-faced wallboard, paint resins, paper-faced fiberglass insulation) makes\\nideal mold food, we have the makings of a mold invasion.\\n\\nVentilation to the rescue –sometimes\\n\\nThe bathroom vent fan is a major weapon against bathroom mold. The fan’s job\\nis to move moist air outside the house before it can condense and permeate\\ninto mold-prone materials. Most building codes require that bathrooms be\\nequipped with “active ventilation” in the form of a ventilation fan. However,\\nthe bath fan only helps to prevent mold and moisture damage if it’s turned on\\nduring bathing activities and kept on until moist air is moved outside. Who\\ncan say whether or not the next person to take a shower will remember to turn\\non the fan?\\n\\nAnother problem that can occur with bathroom vent fans has to do with how they\\nare installed. Some builders mistakenly allow the fan to blow moist air into\\nthe attic, a practice that simply moves the mold problem to another part of\\nthe house. During cold weather, warm, moist air blown into a cooler attic will\\ndeposit its moisture on attic rafters and roof sheathing. Telltale black mold\\nstains typically result from this ventilation error. Eventually, this mold can\\ndevelop into wood rot.\\n\\nBathroom ventilation done right\\n\\nFortunately, there are several ways to make sure the bath fan is used properly\\nto evacuate moist air. First and foremost, the fan must be ducted to the\\nexterior, not to the attic. Best practice for bath fan installation also\\nincludes using spray foam or caulk to seal air leaks around the ceiling\\nopening for the fan, and covering the fan with attic insulation.\\n\\nTo ensure that the fan is always used to exhaust moist air from the bathroom,\\nthe fan can simply be controlled by the same switch that operates to\\nbathroom’s main light fixture. The fan comes on with the light, whether it’s\\nneeded or not. Another approach favored by many homeowners is to install a fan\\nthat is controlled by a humidistat. This device measures the bathroom’s\\nhumidity level, turning on the fan when a preset humidity level is detected.\\nThis type of sophisticated control will also turn the fan off automatically\\nwhen the humidity falls below a preset level. Manufacturers like Braun and\\nPanasonic are leading the way in developing advanced controls for bath fans\\nthat are also quiet and energy efficient.\\n\\nInterested in learning about mold and how to get rid of it? I recommend\\nchecking out the EPA’s guide for mold cleanup and this very informative mold\\nlearning center.\\n\\nTim Snyder is an author specializing in home building topics such as mold and\\nenergy efficiency.\\n\\n### 11 thoughts to “Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation”\\n\\n 1. vanessawilson says:\\n\\nApril 5, 2014 at 3:25 am\\n\\nThis very interesting information about bathroom ventilation thanks for\\nsharing.\\n\\n 2. Tommy says:\\n\\nFebruary 5, 2015 at 8:17 am\\n\\nThanks for sharing, we had a slight mold issue I was able to get a handle on\\nbefore it got to bad. My kids are horrible with turning the fan on when\\nshowering and I am convinced this was the ultimate issue, well that and the\\nfan was not working 100% of the time. Mold removal can be such a costly en-\\ndevour! When shopping for a new Bathroom exhaust fan I found the following\\nwebsite helpful. http://thebathroomhomeguide.com/bathroom-exhaust-fan/\\n\\n 3. Punitha says:\\n\\nJune 10, 2015 at 3:49 am\\n\\nHi,\\n\\nThanks for this informative blog. I’m considering have a window to allow a\\nbetter air circulation in the bathroom. Would that a good option to avoid\\nmold?\\n\\n 4. Bappy says:\\n\\nJune 25, 2015 at 9:34 pm\\n\\nHey there, I really appreciate your post, it was really informative. I’ll be\\nlooking forward for Home, or kitchen exhaust fan your next post....\\n\\n 5. Annette J. Gordon says:\\n\\nMarch 8, 2016 at 3:37 am\\n\\nGreat post. Which manufacturer/model would you recommend the most for\\nventilation? At the moment I’m looking to get Panasonic 110 CFM for my\\nbathroom...\\n\\n 6. abd says:\\n\\nJune 27, 2016 at 9:56 am\\n\\nYes indeed, a window is better than nothing..\\n\\n 7. Selena says:\\n\\nJuly 7, 2016 at 2:54 am\\n\\nTreating with mold is a difficult task but the more annoying task is to\\nrecognize the mold and its symptoms. Most of times homeowners take it lightly\\nbut their after sideffects are too dangerous. Types of molds and its symptoms\\nhttp://www.floodaz.com/types-of-mold/\\n\\n 8. Puspendu Seth says:\\n\\nOctober 25, 2016 at 4:15 am\\n\\nThis is a nice post about exhaust fan. Exhaust fan in hails fresh air from\\noutside and remove air from inside the room. This post has shown some great\\nmodel of exhaust fan. So thanks for writing such a awesome post.\\n\\n 9. Homer Parker says:\\n\\nDecember 28, 2016 at 2:13 am\\n\\nMold along with the bathroom ventilator is costly but this didn’t exist for a\\nlong time for me. my kids used to play with these exhaust fans as the wall\\nmounted is little low in my home. I finally checked for various sources and\\nfinally got the exact exhaust and the ventilation fan for my bathroom from\\nhttp://bestfanreviews.com/\\n\\n 10. Bernice Reid says:\\n\\nDecember 8, 2017 at 10:46 am\\n\\nMy family and I live in Michigan. We live in an apartment on the top floor.\\nWhen it is very windy outside, dark flakes come out of the bathroom ceiling\\nfan vent. This has happened more than once. I think this started after some\\nroofers did roof work (about two years ago). Last week, a lot of dark flakes\\ncame out of the bathroom vent. The flakes got on the toilet and floor. I\\ncalled the housing inspector days ago, but he has not called me back. A\\nmaintenance guy came over yesterday, and he vacuumed out the vent. Do you know\\nwhat the dark flakes are? Can they cause health problems? The maintenance guy\\nsaid the stuff is dirt. The flakes don’t look like dirt.\\n\\n 11. NFPA Construction Group says:\\n\\nSeptember 6, 2019 at 11:07 pm\\n\\nThanks for sharing this awesome blog with us.\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n### Looking For Something?\\n\\n### User Feedback\\n\\nASK A MOLD QUESTION\\n\\nSHARE YOUR MOLD STORY\\n\\n### Follow us\\n\\n### Popular Posts\\n\\nExamples of Mold Lawsuits 28 Jul , 2015\\n\\nSymptoms of Household Mold Exposure 18 Aug , 2015\\n\\nHow to Remove Mold and the Smell from Clothing 05 Apr , 2016\\n\\nMold is Dangerous: 7 Tips You Need To Know 11 Aug , 2015\\n\\nMold Warning Signs: How to Tell if You Have a Mold Problem 25 Mar , 2016\\n\\n10 Health Risks of Toxic Mold 05 Dec , 2005\\n\\nMold on Skin: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment 04 Apr , 2016\\n\\nProduct Review: Concrobium Mold Control 06 Jul , 2008\\n\\nToxic Mold Litigation – Do I Have A Case? 27 Jul , 2015\\n\\nMold Removal Cost – What You Can Expect To Pay 25 Mar , 2016\\n\\n### What People are Saying\\n\\n * R on Foods to Eat When You Have Mold or Yeast in Your Body\\n * Mary on Recovering from Mold Related Illnesses\\n * Rocky on 3 Reasons Why You Should Never Use Bleach To Clean Mold\\n * Cindy Ceteras on You are Drinking Mold in Your Coffee\\n * Michael on Examples of Mold Lawsuits\\n\\n### Categories\\n\\n * Mold Information 182\\n * Featured 131\\n * Uncategorized 106\\n * Mold Prevention 97\\n * Mold Removal 100\\n\\nOur vision is to help mold victims find relief, educate homeowners on sound\\nmold prevention practices, and raise remediation standards in the mold removal\\nindustry.\\n\\nThe information on this site is not a substitute for experienced remediation\\nservices or professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Content on\\nthis website is for general information purposes.\\n\\n\\\\- Brian Reeves - Mold Blogger All rights reserved. Theme by Colorlib Powered\\nby WordPress\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210812093733/https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Prevent Mold\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The main things mold needs to grow in a home are organic materials to feed on and moisture. In houses there are always plenty of organic materials for mold to live on such as wood, drywall and various other building materials.\",\n \"Moisture, on the other hand, can be controlled practically and so keeping the moisture in your home low is the best way to prevent mold growth.\",\n \"Most molds need 24-48 hours of moisture to begin to grow. Therefore if a suitable material in your home is wet for more than 24 hours then you run the risk of mold starting to grow.\",\n \"There are a few main things which usually cause moisture problems in the home. One is water leaks. These include things such as leaking roofs or walls, leaking pipes and leaking taps or a leaking shower.\",\n \"If you know of any leaks in your home you should fix them without delay. You might need to inspect your home to find any water leaks you didn't know about.\",\n \"Condensation is another frequent cause of moisture. Condensation forms on cold surfaces when water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid. Often you'll see condensation on metal pipes, concrete walls, water tanks and windows.\",\n \"One way to reduce condensation is to keep the temperature warmer in rooms. For example, by installing insulation. You can also insulate the surfaces themselves such as putting coverings over metal pipes. You'll also have less condensation occurring if you keep the humidity in your home low.\",\n \"Many species of mold can begin to grow from humidity alone if the humidity stays high for long enough. In fact the humidity only needs to be higher than 55% before some molds can begin to grow.\",\n \"The best way to keep humidity low in your home is through ventilation. Open the windows during the day, especially when it's hot since this is when humidity is usually the lowest outside. Close your windows when it's raining outside though.\",\n \"It's especially important to ventilate the rooms where steam and moisture builds up, like the kitchen and bathroom. Exhaust fans help to reduce the humidity when doing things like cooking or washing dishes.\",\n \"One common cause of moisture problems in homes is wet clothes. After you've washed your clothes you should immediately dry them. Don't leave them sitting in a wet pile for a long time. Make sure not to leave any wet clothes lying around waiting to be washed too.\",\n \"It's best to dry your clothes outside on a clothes line if you can. Hanging them inside on a clothes horse or indoor clothes line will not dry them as quickly and the moisture from your clothes will evaporate into the air, raising the humidity. If you dry them in a clothes dryer inside your home then you should exhaust the air outdoors if possible. In either case make sure the room where you're drying your clothes is well ventilated.\",\n \"Once mold has begun to grow in your home it's not enough to just take away the mold's moisture source. Mold that runs out of moisture can lie dormant for a long time without dying. So if you already have mold growth in your home you need to take steps to have it removed.\",\n \"Mold grows and feeds on organic substances such as wood or cotton. Mold should not grow on surfaces like plastic, metal or glass unless there is a layer of grease or some other organic substance which it can feed on.\",\n \"Some materials mold commonly grows on in the home include wood, carpet, food, paper, insulation, wallpaper, paint, wallpaper glue, plasterboard, fabrics, cotton, books, leather, chipboard, furniture, dust, ceiling tiles, inside air conditioners and almost any other organic material.\",\n \"You should clean regularly to reduce dirt and grime which mold can live on. Dust and vacuum often, ideally with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filtered vacuum cleaner to remove dust and other substances that mold can grow off of. It has been found that 80% of mold grows on dust.\",\n \"Mold spores are everywhere in the air outside. They float through buildings all the time and there is no practical way to remove all mold spores indoors.\",\n \"However if the concentration of mold spores inside is significantly higher than outside then it can start to cause health issues. A higher amount of mold spores also increases the potential for mold problems to start.\",\n \"Mold spores enter homes through windows, doors, air ducts, etc. They can also be transported inside attached to skin, clothing, hair, pets, etc.\",\n \"Although you cannot eliminate all mold spores inside your home or prevent all mold spores from entering, minimizing the amount of spores will prevent you from suffering mold related health problems and lessen the chance of mold beginning to grow in your home.\",\n \"To minimize mold spores clean and dust often. Also vacuum your home regularly, preferably with a HEPA vacuum cleaner to remove mold spores. HEPA air filters in your home also help remove mold spores from the air.\",\n \"Mold loves dark spaces indoors to grow in. Allowing sunlight in will reduce the chances of mold growing so open the curtains in rooms during the day to let natural light in.\",\n \"Mold generally does not grow in cold environments. Warm, humid conditions are ideal for mold growth. Most molds need temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit (20 degrees Celsius) or more to grow.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Prevent Mold\\n\\n### Mold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\\n\\n### Mold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\\nClothes Vacuum Mold\\n\\n### Mold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\n### Mold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold\\n\\n### Mold in Rooms\\n\\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\n### Toxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus\\n\\n### Mycotoxins\\n\\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\\n\\n### Mold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\\n\\n### Mold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\\nClothes Vacuum Mold\\n\\n### Mold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\n### Mold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\n### Toxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\\n\\n# How to Prevent Mold\\n\\nThe main things mold needs to grow in a home are organic materials to feed on\\nand moisture. In houses there are always plenty of organic materials for mold\\nto live on such as wood, drywall and various other building materials.\\n\\nMoisture, on the other hand, can be controlled practically and so keeping the\\nmoisture in your home low is the best way to prevent mold growth.\\n\\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Moisture\\n\\nMost molds need 24-48 hours of moisture to begin to grow. Therefore if a\\nsuitable material in your home is wet for more than 24 hours then you run the\\nrisk of mold starting to grow.\\n\\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Water Leaks\\n\\nThere are a few main things which usually cause moisture problems in the home.\\nOne is water leaks. These include things such as leaking roofs or walls,\\nleaking pipes and leaking taps or a leaking shower.\\n\\nIf you know of any leaks in your home you should fix them without delay. You\\nmight need to inspect your home to find any water leaks you didn't know about.\\n\\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Condensation\\n\\nCondensation is another frequent cause of moisture. Condensation forms on cold\\nsurfaces when water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid. Often you'll\\nsee condensation on metal pipes, concrete walls, water tanks and windows.\\n\\nOne way to reduce condensation is to keep the temperature warmer in rooms. For\\nexample, by installing insulation. You can also insulate the surfaces\\nthemselves such as putting coverings over metal pipes. You'll also have less\\ncondensation occurring if you keep the humidity in your home low.\\n\\n## Prevent Mold by Reducing Humidity\\n\\nDehumidifier\\n\\nMany species of mold can begin to grow from humidity alone if the humidity\\nstays high for long enough. In fact the humidity only needs to be higher than\\n55% before some molds can begin to grow.\\n\\nThe best way to keep humidity low in your home is through ventilation. Open\\nthe windows during the day, especially when it's hot since this is when\\nhumidity is usually the lowest outside. Close your windows when it's raining\\noutside though.\\n\\nIt's especially important to ventilate the rooms where steam and moisture\\nbuilds up, like the kitchen and bathroom. Exhaust fans help to reduce the\\nhumidity when doing things like cooking or washing dishes.\\n\\nAir conditioners can also reduce household humidity, as can using\\ndehumidifiers in your home.\\n\\n## Wet Clothes and Preventing Mold\\n\\nOne common cause of moisture problems in homes is wet clothes. After you've\\nwashed your clothes you should immediately dry them. Don't leave them sitting\\nin a wet pile for a long time. Make sure not to leave any wet clothes lying\\naround waiting to be washed too.\\n\\nIt's best to dry your clothes outside on a clothes line if you can. Hanging\\nthem inside on a clothes horse or indoor clothes line will not dry them as\\nquickly and the moisture from your clothes will evaporate into the air,\\nraising the humidity. If you dry them in a clothes dryer inside your home then\\nyou should exhaust the air outdoors if possible. In either case make sure the\\nroom where you're drying your clothes is well ventilated.\\n\\nMold and Clothes\\n\\n## Removing Mold\\n\\nOnce mold has begun to grow in your home it's not enough to just take away the\\nmold's moisture source. Mold that runs out of moisture can lie dormant for a\\nlong time without dying. So if you already have mold growth in your home you\\nneed to take steps to have it removed.\\n\\nKilling Mold\\n\\nMold Removal and Remediation\\n\\n## Mold Food Sources and Cleaning to Prevent Mold\\n\\nMold grows and feeds on organic substances such as wood or cotton. Mold should\\nnot grow on surfaces like plastic, metal or glass unless there is a layer of\\ngrease or some other organic substance which it can feed on.\\n\\nSome materials mold commonly grows on in the home include wood, carpet, food,\\npaper, insulation, wallpaper, paint, wallpaper glue, plasterboard, fabrics,\\ncotton, books, leather, chipboard, furniture, dust, ceiling tiles, inside air\\nconditioners and almost any other organic material.\\n\\nYou should clean regularly to reduce dirt and grime which mold can live on.\\nDust and vacuum often, ideally with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air)\\nfiltered vacuum cleaner to remove dust and other substances that mold can grow\\noff of. It has been found that 80% of mold grows on dust.\\n\\nFor more information about vacuum cleaners and mold visit Vacuum Mold.\\n\\n## Minimizing Mold Spores to Prevent Mold\\n\\nMold spores are everywhere in the air outside. They float through buildings\\nall the time and there is no practical way to remove all mold spores indoors.\\n\\nHowever if the concentration of mold spores inside is significantly higher\\nthan outside then it can start to cause health issues. A higher amount of mold\\nspores also increases the potential for mold problems to start.\\n\\nMold spores enter homes through windows, doors, air ducts, etc. They can also\\nbe transported inside attached to skin, clothing, hair, pets, etc.\\n\\nAlthough you cannot eliminate all mold spores inside your home or prevent all\\nmold spores from entering, minimizing the amount of spores will prevent you\\nfrom suffering mold related health problems and lessen the chance of mold\\nbeginning to grow in your home.\\n\\nTo minimize mold spores clean and dust often. Also vacuum your home regularly,\\npreferably with a HEPA vacuum cleaner to remove mold spores. HEPA air filters\\nin your home also help remove mold spores from the air.\\n\\n## Sunlight to Prevent Mold\\n\\nMold loves dark spaces indoors to grow in. Allowing sunlight in will reduce\\nthe chances of mold growing so open the curtains in rooms during the day to\\nlet natural light in.\\n\\n## Warmth and Preventing Mold\\n\\nMold generally does not grow in cold environments. Warm, humid conditions are\\nideal for mold growth. Most molds need temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit\\n(20 degrees Celsius) or more to grow.\\n\\nAir conditioners to regulate the temperature of your house can help prevent\\nmold growth.\\n\\nFor more information about what the common causes of mold are in the home go\\nto Mold Causes.\\n\\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211112192435/https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Is Borax Safe: To Ingest, For Kids, on Skin, and More\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Borax, also called sodium tetraborate, is a powdery white mineral that has been used as a cleaning product for several decades. It has many uses:\",\n \"In cosmetic products, borax is sometimes used as an emulsifier, buffering agent, or preservative for moisturizing products, creams, shampoos, gels, lotions, bath bombs, scrubs, and bath salts.\",\n \"Borax is also an ingredient combined with glue and water to make “slime,” a gooey material that many kids enjoy playing with.\",\n \"Today, modern ingredients have mostly replaced the use of borax in cleansers and cosmetics. And slime can be made out of other ingredients, such as cornstarch. But some people continue to use borax because it has been advertised as a “green” ingredient. But is it safe?\",\n \"Borax is marketed as a green product because it doesn’t contain phosphates or chlorine. Instead, its main ingredient is sodium tetraborate, a naturally occurring mineral.\",\n \"People sometimes confuse sodium tetraborate — the main ingredient in borax — and boric acid, which has similar properties. Boric acid, however, is usually used exclusively as a pesticide and is much more toxic than sodium tetraborate, so it should be handled with extra special care.\",\n \"While borax may be natural, that doesn’t mean it’s completely safe. Borax often comes in a box with a caution label warning users that the product is an eye irritant and that it may be harmful if swallowed. While people are mostly exposed to borax in their homes, they may also encounter it at work, such as in factories or at borax mining and refining plants.\",\n \"The National Institutes of Health has found that borax has been associated with several adverse health effects in humans. These include:\",\n \"Borax exposure can irritate the skin or eyes and can also irritate the body if inhaled or exposed. People have reported burns from borax exposure to their skin. Signs of borax exposure include:\",\n \"High exposure to borax (and boric acid) is believed to disrupt the body’s hormones. They may especially impair male reproduction, reducing sperm count and libido.\",\n \"In one study, scientists found that rats fed borax experienced atrophy of their testes, or reproductive organs. In women, borax may reduce ovulation and fertility. In pregnant lab animals, high-level exposures to borax was found to cross the placenta border, harming fetal development and causing low birth weight.\",\n \"Borax is quickly broken down by the body if ingested and inhaled. Scientists have linked borax exposure — even from cosmetics — to organ damage and serious poisonings.\",\n \"If a young child ingests as little as 5 to 10 grams of borax, they may experience severe vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and death. Small children can be exposed to borax through hand-to-mouth transfer, especially if they play with slime made with borax or crawl around the floor where pesticides have been applied.\",\n \"According to the David Suzuki Foundation, borax poses significant health risks. To reduce that risk, people can replace the borax-containing products they normally use with safer alternatives. Some alternatives to borax it suggests include:\",\n \"Canada and the European Union restrict the use of borax in some cosmetic and health products and require that any products containing these ingredients be labeled as inappropriate for use on broken or damaged skin. Such safety regulations don’t exist in the United States.\",\n \"Generally, borax has been found as safe to use as a cleaning product if you take the appropriate precautions. Using borax safely involves minimizing your routes of exposure.\",\n \"Never leave borax in the reach of children, whether it’s in a box or used around the house. Don’t use borax to make slime with kids.\",\n \"Avoid using borax and boric acid products around pets. This includes avoiding use of borax as a pesticide on the ground, where pets may be commonly exposed.\",\n \"Keep borax away from your eyes, nose, and mouth to minimize your risks of exposure when using as a cleaning product.\",\n \"Cover any open wounds on your hands when using borax. Borax is more easily absorbed through open wounds on the skin, so keeping them covered can reduce your risk of exposure.\",\n \"If you want to make a completely safe slime for your kid to play with, click here for a simple recipe.\",\n \"In the event that someone ingests or inhales borax, especially a child, call the American Association of Poison Control Centers immediately at 1-800-222-1222. Medical experts will advise you how to act. How the situation is handled depends on the age and size of the person, as well as the dose of borax they were exposed to.\",\n \"Find information on isopropyl alcohol poisoning symptoms, causes, and diagnosis. Learn what to do if you suspect you have isopropyl alcohol poisoning.\",\n \"Discover why gasoline exposure can be dangerous for your health. Learn about gasoline poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, when to seek help, and...\",\n \"The Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to purchase or use nitrite poppers because they can cause serious health problems, including...\",\n \"New research from the University of Notre Dame found that nearly half of cosmetic products tested in a study contained per- and polyfluoroalkyl...\",\n \"Mad hatter disease is a form of chronic mercury poisoning. It got its name because it commonly affected hat makers in the 18th to 20th centuries.\",\n \"Pesticides are used in farming to kill weeds and insects. This article explores whether the pesticide residues in foods are harmful to human health.\",\n \"The chemicals used to cool appliances like air conditioners are known as refrigerant. Refrigerant can be poisonous if you’re exposed to it for too...\",\n \"© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\",\n \"© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Is Borax Safe: To Ingest, For Kids, on Skin, and More\\n\\n# Is Borax Toxic?\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI — Written by\\nErica Cirino — Updated on May 29, 2018\\n\\nShare on Pinterest\\n\\n##\\n\\nWhat is borax?\\n\\nBorax, also called sodium tetraborate, is a powdery white mineral that has\\nbeen used as a cleaning product for several decades. It has many uses:\\n\\n * It helps get rid of stains, mold, and mildew around the house.\\n * It can kill insects such as ants.\\n * It’s used in laundry detergents and household cleansers to help whiten and get rid of dirt.\\n * It can neutralize odors and soften hard water.\\n\\nIn cosmetic products, borax is sometimes used as an emulsifier, buffering\\nagent, or preservative for moisturizing products, creams, shampoos, gels,\\nlotions, bath bombs, scrubs, and bath salts.\\n\\nBorax is also an ingredient combined with glue and water to make “slime,” a\\ngooey material that many kids enjoy playing with.\\n\\nToday, modern ingredients have mostly replaced the use of borax in cleansers\\nand cosmetics. And slime can be made out of other ingredients, such as\\ncornstarch. But some people continue to use borax because it has been\\nadvertised as a “green” ingredient. But is it safe?\\n\\n##\\n\\nIs borax safe to ingest or put on your skin?\\n\\nBorax is marketed as a green product because it doesn’t contain phosphates or\\nchlorine. Instead, its main ingredient is sodium tetraborate, a naturally\\noccurring mineral.\\n\\nPeople sometimes confuse sodium tetraborate — the main ingredient in borax —\\nand boric acid, which has similar properties. Boric acid, however, is usually\\nused exclusively as a pesticide and is much more toxic than sodium\\ntetraborate, so it should be handled with extra special care.\\n\\nWhile borax may be natural, that doesn’t mean it’s completely safe. Borax\\noften comes in a box with a caution label warning users that the product is an\\neye irritant and that it may be harmful if swallowed. While people are mostly\\nexposed to borax in their homes, they may also encounter it at work, such as\\nin factories or at borax mining and refining plants.\\n\\nThe National Institutes of Health has found that borax has been associated\\nwith several adverse health effects in humans. These include:\\n\\n * irritation\\n * hormone issues\\n * toxicity\\n * death\\n\\n### Irritation\\n\\nBorax exposure can irritate the skin or eyes and can also irritate the body if\\ninhaled or exposed. People have reported burns from borax exposure to their\\nskin. Signs of borax exposure include:\\n\\n * skin rash\\n * mouth infection\\n * vomiting\\n * eye irritation\\n * nausea\\n * respiratory problems\\n\\n### Hormone problems\\n\\nHigh exposure to borax (and boric acid) is believed to disrupt the body’s\\nhormones. They may especially impair male reproduction, reducing sperm count\\nand libido.\\n\\nIn one study, scientists found that rats fed borax experienced atrophy of\\ntheir testes, or reproductive organs. In women, borax may reduce ovulation and\\nfertility. In pregnant lab animals, high-level exposures to borax was found to\\ncross the placenta border, harming fetal development and causing low birth\\nweight.\\n\\n### Toxicity\\n\\nBorax is quickly broken down by the body if ingested and inhaled. Scientists\\nhave linked borax exposure — even from cosmetics — to organ damage and serious\\npoisonings.\\n\\n### Death\\n\\nIf a young child ingests as little as 5 to 10 grams of borax, they may\\nexperience severe vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and death. Small children can be\\nexposed to borax through hand-to-mouth transfer, especially if they play with\\nslime made with borax or crawl around the floor where pesticides have been\\napplied.\\n\\nFatal doses of borax exposure for adults are estimated at 10 to 25 grams.\\n\\nAccording to the David Suzuki Foundation, borax poses significant health\\nrisks. To reduce that risk, people can replace the borax-containing products\\nthey normally use with safer alternatives. Some alternatives to borax it\\nsuggests include:\\n\\n * Disinfectants such as food-grade hydrogen peroxide, half a lemon, salt, white vinegar, and essential oils.\\n * Clothing detergents such as liquid or powdered oxygen bleach, baking soda, and washing soda.\\n * Mold and mildew fighters such as salt or white vinegar.\\n * Cosmetics that contain natural ingredients other than borax or boric acid.\\n\\nCanada and the European Union restrict the use of borax in some cosmetic and\\nhealth products and require that any products containing these ingredients be\\nlabeled as inappropriate for use on broken or damaged skin. Such safety\\nregulations don’t exist in the United States.\\n\\n##\\n\\nHow to safely use borax\\n\\nGenerally, borax has been found as safe to use as a cleaning product if you\\ntake the appropriate precautions. Using borax safely involves minimizing your\\nroutes of exposure.\\n\\nHere’s safety tips to follow:\\n\\n * Do not use cosmetic products that contain borax.\\n * Avoid inhaling borax powder by always keeping it a safe distance from your mouth.\\n * Use gloves when using borax as a cleaning agent around the house.\\n * Fully rinse the area you’re cleaning with water after washing with borax.\\n * Wash your hands with soap after using borax if it gets on your skin.\\n * Make sure clothes washed with borax are fully rinsed before drying and wearing them.\\n * Never leave borax in the reach of children, whether it’s in a box or used around the house. Don’t use borax to make slime with kids.\\n * Avoid using borax and boric acid products around pets. This includes avoiding use of borax as a pesticide on the ground, where pets may be commonly exposed.\\n * Keep borax away from your eyes, nose, and mouth to minimize your risks of exposure when using as a cleaning product.\\n * Cover any open wounds on your hands when using borax. Borax is more easily absorbed through open wounds on the skin, so keeping them covered can reduce your risk of exposure.\\n\\nIf you want to make a completely safe slime for your kid to play with, click\\nhere for a simple recipe.\\n\\n> In an emergency\\n>\\n> In the event that someone ingests or inhales borax, especially a child, call\\n> the American Association of Poison Control Centers immediately at\\n> 1-800-222-1222. Medical experts will advise you how to act. How the\\n> situation is handled depends on the age and size of the person, as well as\\n> the dose of borax they were exposed to.\\n\\nLast medically reviewed on May 29, 2018\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI — Written by\\nErica Cirino — Updated on May 29, 2018\\n\\n### Read this next\\n\\n * How to Handle School Sick Days\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Tyler Walker, MD\\n\\nUse this guide to help decide whether or not your child should take a sick day\\nfrom school.\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Isopropyl Alcohol Poisoning\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Femi Aremu, PharmD\\n\\nFind information on isopropyl alcohol poisoning symptoms, causes, and\\ndiagnosis. Learn what to do if you suspect you have isopropyl alcohol\\npoisoning.\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Gasoline and Health\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Lauren Castiello, MS, AGNP-C\\n\\nDiscover why gasoline exposure can be dangerous for your health. Learn about\\ngasoline poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, when to seek help, and...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Why Is the FDA Warning About Nitrite Poppers?\\n\\nThe Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to purchase or use\\nnitrite poppers because they can cause serious health problems, including...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * What’s in Your Lipstick? Study Finds ‘Forever Chemicals’ Common in Cosmetics\\n\\nNew research from the University of Notre Dame found that nearly half of\\ncosmetic products tested in a study contained per- and polyfluoroalkyl...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * What Is Mad Hatter Disease (Erethism)?\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Nancy Hammond, M.D.\\n\\nMad hatter disease is a form of chronic mercury poisoning. It got its name\\nbecause it commonly affected hat makers in the 18th to 20th centuries.\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Are Pesticides in Foods Harming Your Health?\\n\\nWritten by Matthew Thorpe, MD, PhD and Rachael Link, MS, RD\\n\\nPesticides are used in farming to kill weeds and insects. This article\\nexplores whether the pesticide residues in foods are harmful to human health.\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * Refrigerant Poisoning\\n\\nMedically reviewed by Cynthia Taylor Chavoustie, MPAS, PA-C\\n\\nThe chemicals used to cool appliances like air conditioners are known as\\nrefrigerant. Refrigerant can be poisonous if you’re exposed to it for too...\\n\\nREAD MORE\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Privacy Settings\\n * Advertising Policy\\n * Health Topics\\n\\n * Medical Affairs\\n * Content Integrity\\n * Newsletters\\n * © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\\n\\n© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\\nHealthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\\nadditional information.\\n\\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\\n\\nOUR BRANDS\\n\\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210813013135/https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Mold Remediation Process, Abatement, Clean up\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"However, if the mold in your home is not toxic and the area of mold growth is small (less than 10 square feet, or the equivalent of roughly a 3 by 3 foot patch) then you can perform the mold remediation yourself if you wish.\",\n \"The mold remediation process is one of the times when mold spores are most likely to be disturbed into the air.\",\n \"If you need to remove a large amount of mold then you may decide to seal off the room to prevent any mold spores from spreading to the rest of the house. To seal off the room you are about to clean use plastic sheets with duct tape to cover doorways, vents and any other openings.\",\n \"You also need to minimize dust as mold spores often stick to dust and are then transported around your home by the dust particles.\",\n \"You may also wish to use negative pressure in the room you are cleaning. To do this run an exhaust fan blowing out of a window, or partially opened door if you have to, to blow air outside of the house. This way mold spores that are stirred up during the removal process should mostly end up outside. Also make sure you turn off any air conditioning systems in the house before you begin cleaning up the mold.\",\n \"During the mold removal is the time when mold spores are most likely to be stirred up into the air. To reduce this you should begin my moistening any dry mold growth as dry mold will allow many more spores to escape into the air when disturbed. Use a spray bottle of water to wet the dry mold slightly.\",\n \"After this use a solution to remove the mold from the surface. Different solutions will work better for different surfaces.\",\n \"Next use a mold killing solution to clean surfaces that had mold growth and even surfaces which were free of mold, because all of the surfaces in the room will have some amount of mold spores on them. These mold spores can grow into mold later if moisture accumulates in the room again so killing them will help prevent the mold coming back.\",\n \"Non-porous materials (eg glass, metal, hard plastic) that once had mold on them can be used again after you have completely cleaned the visible mold from the surface. Because the materials are non-porous there will be no more mold below the surface so cleaning the surface mold will take care of the problem.\",\n \"For porous materials (eg drywall, carpet, books) that have had mold growing on them you should decide whether they are salvageable on a case by case basis depending on how severe the mold growth is and how valuable the item is to you. If the item is not highly valuable to you and the mold growth is extensive so that the item is beyond repair then the best option is to dispose of it and replace it.\",\n \"After you have removed the mold and disinfected the surfaces allow them to dry completely. Once everything is completely dry vacuum the room with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to remove any residual spores and mold. To find out more about vacuum cleaners and mold go to Vacuuming Mold.\",\n \"After the clean up process remove mold and moldy items, as well as the contents of the HEPA vacuum cleaner, from your home in completely sealed plastic bags. If possible do not take the plastic bags through the house but pass them directly to the outside through a window in the room or a door.\",\n \"You should clean each room one at a time, completely finishing the mold removal process before moving onto any other rooms with mold growth and re- sealing and repeating the process.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Mold Remediation Process, Abatement, Clean up\\n\\n### Mold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\\n\\n### Mold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\\nClothes Vacuum Mold\\n\\n### Mold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\n### Mold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold\\n\\n### Mold in Rooms\\n\\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\n### Toxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus\\n\\n### Mycotoxins\\n\\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\\n\\n### Mold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\\n\\n### Mold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\\nClothes Vacuum Mold\\n\\n### Mold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\n### Mold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\n### Toxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\\n\\n# Mold Remediation\\n\\nWhen it comes to remediating mold it's always best to hire a professional mold\\nremoval and remediation service.\\n\\nHowever, if the mold in your home is not toxic and the area of mold growth is\\nsmall (less than 10 square feet, or the equivalent of roughly a 3 by 3 foot\\npatch) then you can perform the mold remediation yourself if you wish.\\n\\n## Mold Remediation Overview\\n\\nThe main steps in mold remediation and abatement are:\\n\\n 1. Wear protective equipment\\n 2. Contain mold spores\\n 3. Set up negative pressure\\n 4. Remove the mold\\n 5. Prevent mold returning\\n 6. Clean belongings\\n 7. HEPA vacuum\\n 8. Dispose of the mold\\n\\n## Protective Equipment for Mold Remediation\\n\\nA mold removal professional\\n\\nThe mold remediation process is one of the times when mold spores are most\\nlikely to be disturbed into the air.\\n\\nThis is why you should wear protective clothing and equipment while performing\\nmold remediation.\\n\\nProtective equipment for mold remediation includes:\\n\\n * Dust filter mask or respirator\\n * Goggles\\n * Gloves\\n * Protective clothing that covers your whole body and can be easily cleaned or disposed of\\n\\nYou should decide how much protective equipment you need to use depending on\\nhow severe the mold problem is.\\n\\n## Contain Mold Spores During Remediation\\n\\nIf you need to remove a large amount of mold then you may decide to seal off\\nthe room to prevent any mold spores from spreading to the rest of the house.\\nTo seal off the room you are about to clean use plastic sheets with duct tape\\nto cover doorways, vents and any other openings.\\n\\nYou also need to minimize dust as mold spores often stick to dust and are then\\ntransported around your home by the dust particles.\\n\\n## Negative Pressure While Removing Mold\\n\\nYou may also wish to use negative pressure in the room you are cleaning. To do\\nthis run an exhaust fan blowing out of a window, or partially opened door if\\nyou have to, to blow air outside of the house. This way mold spores that are\\nstirred up during the removal process should mostly end up outside. Also make\\nsure you turn off any air conditioning systems in the house before you begin\\ncleaning up the mold.\\n\\n## Removing the Mold\\n\\nDuring the mold removal is the time when mold spores are most likely to be\\nstirred up into the air. To reduce this you should begin my moistening any dry\\nmold growth as dry mold will allow many more spores to escape into the air\\nwhen disturbed. Use a spray bottle of water to wet the dry mold slightly.\\n\\nAfter this use a solution to remove the mold from the surface. Different\\nsolutions will work better for different surfaces.\\n\\nThe Mold Removal page describes how to kill mold with several solutions such\\nas:\\n\\n * Bleach\\n * Borax\\n * Vinegar\\n * Ammonia\\n\\n## Prevent Mold Returning After Remediation\\n\\nNext use a mold killing solution to clean surfaces that had mold growth and\\neven surfaces which were free of mold, because all of the surfaces in the room\\nwill have some amount of mold spores on them. These mold spores can grow into\\nmold later if moisture accumulates in the room again so killing them will help\\nprevent the mold coming back.\\n\\n## Cleaning Moldy Belongings and Materials\\n\\nNon-porous materials (eg glass, metal, hard plastic) that once had mold on\\nthem can be used again after you have completely cleaned the visible mold from\\nthe surface. Because the materials are non-porous there will be no more mold\\nbelow the surface so cleaning the surface mold will take care of the problem.\\n\\nFor porous materials (eg drywall, carpet, books) that have had mold growing on\\nthem you should decide whether they are salvageable on a case by case basis\\ndepending on how severe the mold growth is and how valuable the item is to\\nyou. If the item is not highly valuable to you and the mold growth is\\nextensive so that the item is beyond repair then the best option is to dispose\\nof it and replace it.\\n\\n## HEPA Vacuuming\\n\\nAfter you have removed the mold and disinfected the surfaces allow them to dry\\ncompletely. Once everything is completely dry vacuum the room with a HEPA\\nfiltered vacuum cleaner to remove any residual spores and mold. To find out\\nmore about vacuum cleaners and mold go to Vacuuming Mold.\\n\\n## Disposing of the Mold\\n\\nAfter the clean up process remove mold and moldy items, as well as the\\ncontents of the HEPA vacuum cleaner, from your home in completely sealed\\nplastic bags. If possible do not take the plastic bags through the house but\\npass them directly to the outside through a window in the room or a door.\\n\\nYou should clean each room one at a time, completely finishing the mold\\nremoval process before moving onto any other rooms with mold growth and re-\\nsealing and repeating the process.\\n\\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927141745/https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Mold Removal, How to Kill Mold with Bleach, Borax, Vinegar\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"There are several products you can use to kill and remove mold. Some of the most effective mold removal products include:\",\n \"The How to Kill Mold on Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles and Grout page also provides instructions for removing mold from specific materials.\",\n \"The Mold Remediation page gives a step by step guide to remediating large mold problems. It covers protective equipment, spore containment, killing the mold, preventing the mold's return, mold disposal and final clean up.\",\n \"Bleach can kill virtually every species of indoor mold that it comes into contact with, along with its spores, leaving a surface sanitized and resistant to future mold growth.\",\n \"Unfortunately, however, using bleach is only effective if the mold is growing on non-porous materials such as tiles, bathtubs, glass and countertops. Bleach cannot penetrate into porous materials and so it does not come into contact with mold growing beneath the surface of materials such as wood and drywall. Using bleach on these materials will kill the mold above the surface but the roots within the material will remain and the mold will soon return.\",\n \"Bleach produces harsh fumes so make sure the area is well ventilated before you begin. You should also wear gloves during the process to protect your hands.\",\n \"For killing mold with bleach use a ratio of one cup of bleach per gallon of water (ie about 1 part bleach to 10 parts water).\",\n \"Apply the solution to non-porous surfaces with mold growth either by using a spray bottle or by using a bucket and a sponge or cloth.\",\n \"You don't need to rinse the surface afterwards (unless it is used for food preparation or a surface which may be touched by small children or pets) as the bleach will inhibit mold growing in the future.\",\n \"Although the active ingredient in bleach, sodium hypochlorite, is the main ingredient in many mold removal products, there are many reasons to use alternatives to chlorine bleach when killing mold.\",\n \"One reason is that bleach cannot completely kill mold growing in porous materials. The chlorine in bleach cannot penetrate into porous surfaces such as drywall or wood. The chlorine is left on the surface of porous materials and only the water component of the bleach is absorbed into the material, providing more moisture for the mold to feed on.\",\n \"Some of the mold on the surface might be killed but the roots of the mold are left intact meaning the mold soon returns, leaving you in a cycle of repeated bleaching. Perhaps this is why some people believe that spraying bleach on mold doesn't affect it but instead just bleaches its color so you can no longer see it.\",\n \"Another disadvantage of bleach is that it can damage the materials it's used on as it is a harsh, corrosive chemical. Chlorine bleach also gives off harsh fumes and it even produces toxic gas when mixed with ammonia. There are safer alternatives such as borax or vinegar which don't produce dangerous fumes or leave behind toxic residue. For these reasons try to avoid using bleach and if you must use it, only use it on non-porous surfaces.\",\n \"There are many advantages to using borax to kill mold. For starters, borax is a natural cleaning product and although it is toxic if you swallow it, borax does not emit chemicals or dangerous fumes like some other mold killers. Borax, a white mineral powder, has a pH level of about 9 (baking soda is pH 8.1 and pH 7 is neutral) and a low toxicity.\",\n \"Borax is commonly used as a deodorizer as well as for cleaning toilets and drains. Borax is also used as an insecticide, herbicide and fungicide and it can be mixed with water in a solution to kill and remove mold as it is a natural mold inhibitor. You can buy borax in supermarkets for a few dollars from the laundry section.\",\n \"To kill mold using borax, create a borax-water solution using a ratio of 1 cup of borax per gallon of water.\",\n \"Vacuum up any loose mold with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to lessen the number of spores stirred up into the air during the cleaning process.\",\n \"Wipe up any extra moisture and excess mold particles or dust/debris to prevent them spreading into the air once the surface has dried.\",\n \"You don't need to rinse off the borax as the solution will prevent more mold beginning to grow on the surface again.\",\n \"Vinegar is a mild acid which can kill 82% of mold species. However it also has the advantages of being natural and safe. Vinegar is non-toxic and doesn't give off dangerous fumes like bleach does.\",\n \"Wipe clean the area with water and allow the surface to dry. Any smell from the vinegar should clear within a few hours.\",\n \"If you want to use vinegar to prevent mold growing on surfaces just spray vinegar on the surface and leave it. Repeat this every few days to ensure the surface will stay mold-free. You can even mop your tiled bathroom floor or other hard non-porous floors with vinegar if you are worried about mold growing on them.\",\n \"Like bleach, ammonia will kill mold on hard non-porous surfaces such as countertops, glass or tiles but it is ineffective at killing mold growing in porous material such as wood or drywall.\",\n \"Another disadvantage of using ammonia is that it is a harsh, toxic chemical. Make sure you never mix ammonia with bleach because the gas they create when combined is toxic. Chlorine mixed with ammonia was even used as a chemical weapon during World War 2.\",\n \"Additionally, although ammonia can kill surface mold, dead mold and dead mold spores are still allergenic so you will need to make sure to remove them afterwards.\",\n \"To kill mold using ammonia, create a solution of 50% clear ammonia and 50% water in a spray bottle and spray it on moldy areas.\",\n \"Often detergents or mold cleaning products will contain ammonia. In that case just follow the directions on the label and be sure never to mix it with bleach.\",\n \"Hydrogen peroxide kills mold as it is anti-fungal as well as anti-viral and anti-bacterial. Hydrogen peroxide is a good alternative to chlorine bleach because it is safe to use and doesn't damage the environment, nor does it leave behind toxic residue or produce toxic fumes like chlorine bleach does. You can buy hydrogen peroxide from drug stores for around one dollar for a bottle of 3% concentration.\",\n \"Hydrogen peroxide kills mold effectively on many materials such as clothes, floors, bathroom fixtures, walls and items such as kitchen appliances. Since hydrogen peroxide is a bleaching agent it may also help fade the stain mold leaves behind. Spot test hydrogen peroxide on the material you're going to be cleaning to make sure it won't fade the material's colors.\",\n \"You can also use vinegar with hydrogen peroxide during the cleaning to more effectively remove the mold. Afterwards store the spray bottle in a dark place since light diminishes hydrogen peroxide's effectiveness.\",\n \"A solution of detergent and warm water can be used to scrub surface mold off non-porous surfaces. Although detergent itself doesn't kill mold, if the mold is on non-porous materials then the solution doesn't need to kill it as long as you completely clean away all the mold on the surface.\",\n \"Baking soda is well known as a natural and safe household cleaner. But you can also use baking soda to kill mold in your home. Unlike other mold killers which contain harsh chemicals, baking soda is mild (pH of 8.1) and harmless to your family and any pets.\",\n \"Besides killing mold, baking soda also deodorizes and so using it can get rid of the smell mold leaves in your home. Baking soda also absorbs moisture to help keep mold away.\",\n \"Vinegar is often used along with baking soda when cleaning up a mold problem since vinegar kills different species of mold to baking soda.\",\n \"Spray the area with the spray bottle again and let the surface dry. This will kill any left over mold and prevent the mold returning.\",\n \"Of all the natural mold killing solutions tea tree oil is the most effective. Although it is also expensive, a small amount of tea tree oil goes a long way in killing mold.\",\n \"Tea tree oil is an essential oil which is harmless to people and pets. Tea tree oil is antifungal, capable of killing all types of molds. Tea tree oil is antibacterial as well.\",\n \"You can buy tea tree oil for about $10 for a small bottle from most natural food stores. Make sure the tea tree oil you buy is derived from the Melaleuca Alternifolia, which is the technical name for tea tree, as not all brands always are.\",\n \"To kill mold using tea tree oil add water to a spray bottle, keeping in mind how many cups it takes to fill the bottle.\",\n \"Next add tea tree oil at the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water that went into the spray bottle.\",\n \"There is no need to rinse since leaving the tea tree oil on the surface will kill the mold and prevent it from returning.\",\n \"An alternative to using a spray bottle is to use a rag or cloth with the tea tree oil solution to clean away mold:\",\n \"First create a solution of tea tree oil and water in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water.\",\n \"Tea tree oil has a strong smell but it will go away after some time. You can keep and use the solution you have made for a long time afterwards as tea tree oil does not lose its potency quickly.\",\n \"Grapefruit seed extract is similar to tea tree oil in that it is an expensive but very effective natural mold killer. The advantage of grapefruit seed extract over tea tree oil however is that it has almost no odor. Like tea tree oil you can buy grape fruit seed extract from most health food stores.\",\n \"Grapefruit seed extract kills mold naturally as the citric acid from the grapefruit attacks mold. Grapefruit seed extract also disinfects areas and deodorizes as well. Like tea tree oil, a small amount of grapefruit seed extract goes a long way in killing mold.\",\n \"To kill mold with grapefruit seed extract create a solution of grapefruit seed extract and water in a spray bottle in the ratio of 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract per cup of water.\",\n \"Shake the spray bottle to mix the solution thoroughly and then spray it onto the surface where mold is growing.\",\n \"You do not need to rinse the solution away afterwards although you can use a cloth to wipe away the mold and solution after some minutes if you like. The longer grapefruit seed extract is in contact with mold the more it will cut through and kill the mold colony and prevent mold from returning.\",\n \"The grapefruit seed extract solution in the spray bottle will remain potent for a long time and can be reused again and again as grapefruit seed extract has a long shelf life.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Mold Removal, How to Kill Mold with Bleach, Borax, Vinegar\\n\\nMold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\\n\\nMold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\\nClothes Vacuum Mold\\n\\nMold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\nMold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold\\n\\nMold in Rooms\\n\\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\nToxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus\\n\\nMycotoxins\\n\\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\\n\\n### Mold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\\n\\n### Mold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet Mold on Clothes\\nVacuum Mold\\n\\n### Mold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\n### Mold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold\\n\\n### Mold in Rooms\\n\\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\n### Toxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus\\n\\n### Mycotoxins\\n\\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\\n\\n# Mold Removal and How to Kill Mold\\n\\n## Mold Removal Products\\n\\nThere are several products you can use to kill and remove mold. Some of the\\nmost effective mold removal products include:\\n\\n * Bleach\\n * Borax\\n * Vinegar\\n * Ammonia\\n * Hydrogen peroxide\\n * Detergent\\n * Baking soda\\n * Tea tree oil\\n * Grapefruit seed extract\\n\\nThe How to Kill Mold on Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles and Grout page also\\nprovides instructions for removing mold from specific materials.\\n\\nThe Mold Remediation page gives a step by step guide to remediating large mold\\nproblems. It covers protective equipment, spore containment, killing the mold,\\npreventing the mold's return, mold disposal and final clean up.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Bleach\\n\\nBleach can kill virtually every species of indoor mold that it comes into\\ncontact with, along with its spores, leaving a surface sanitized and resistant\\nto future mold growth.\\n\\nUnfortunately, however, using bleach is only effective if the mold is growing\\non non-porous materials such as tiles, bathtubs, glass and countertops. Bleach\\ncannot penetrate into porous materials and so it does not come into contact\\nwith mold growing beneath the surface of materials such as wood and drywall.\\nUsing bleach on these materials will kill the mold above the surface but the\\nroots within the material will remain and the mold will soon return.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Bleach\\n\\nBleach produces harsh fumes so make sure the area is well ventilated before\\nyou begin. You should also wear gloves during the process to protect your\\nhands.\\n\\n 1. For killing mold with bleach use a ratio of one cup of bleach per gallon of water (ie about 1 part bleach to 10 parts water).\\n\\n 2. Apply the solution to non-porous surfaces with mold growth either by using a spray bottle or by using a bucket and a sponge or cloth.\\n\\n 3. You don't need to rinse the surface afterwards (unless it is used for food preparation or a surface which may be touched by small children or pets) as the bleach will inhibit mold growing in the future.\\n\\n## Does Bleach Kill Mold?\\n\\nAlthough the active ingredient in bleach, sodium hypochlorite, is the main\\ningredient in many mold removal products, there are many reasons to use\\nalternatives to chlorine bleach when killing mold.\\n\\nOne reason is that bleach cannot completely kill mold growing in porous\\nmaterials. The chlorine in bleach cannot penetrate into porous surfaces such\\nas drywall or wood. The chlorine is left on the surface of porous materials\\nand only the water component of the bleach is absorbed into the material,\\nproviding more moisture for the mold to feed on.\\n\\nSome of the mold on the surface might be killed but the roots of the mold are\\nleft intact meaning the mold soon returns, leaving you in a cycle of repeated\\nbleaching. Perhaps this is why some people believe that spraying bleach on\\nmold doesn't affect it but instead just bleaches its color so you can no\\nlonger see it.\\n\\nAnother disadvantage of bleach is that it can damage the materials it's used\\non as it is a harsh, corrosive chemical. Chlorine bleach also gives off harsh\\nfumes and it even produces toxic gas when mixed with ammonia. There are safer\\nalternatives such as borax or vinegar which don't produce dangerous fumes or\\nleave behind toxic residue. For these reasons try to avoid using bleach and if\\nyou must use it, only use it on non-porous surfaces.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Borax\\n\\nThere are many advantages to using borax to kill mold. For starters, borax is\\na natural cleaning product and although it is toxic if you swallow it, borax\\ndoes not emit chemicals or dangerous fumes like some other mold killers.\\nBorax, a white mineral powder, has a pH level of about 9 (baking soda is pH\\n8.1 and pH 7 is neutral) and a low toxicity.\\n\\nBorax is commonly used as a deodorizer as well as for cleaning toilets and\\ndrains. Borax is also used as an insecticide, herbicide and fungicide and it\\ncan be mixed with water in a solution to kill and remove mold as it is a\\nnatural mold inhibitor. You can buy borax in supermarkets for a few dollars\\nfrom the laundry section.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Borax\\n\\n 1. To kill mold using borax, create a borax-water solution using a ratio of 1 cup of borax per gallon of water.\\n\\n 2. Vacuum up any loose mold with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to lessen the number of spores stirred up into the air during the cleaning process.\\n\\n 3. Use a scrubbing brush with the borax-water solution to scrub the mold off the surface.\\n\\n 4. Wipe up any extra moisture and excess mold particles or dust/debris to prevent them spreading into the air once the surface has dried.\\n\\n 5. You don't need to rinse off the borax as the solution will prevent more mold beginning to grow on the surface again.\\n\\n 6. Leave the surface to dry completely.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Vinegar\\n\\nVinegar is a mild acid which can kill 82% of mold species. However it also has\\nthe advantages of being natural and safe. Vinegar is non-toxic and doesn't\\ngive off dangerous fumes like bleach does.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Vinegar\\n\\nTo kill mold with vinegar, use white distilled vinegar which you can buy\\ncheaply from the supermarket.\\n\\n 1. Pour some vinegar into a spray bottle without watering it down.\\n\\n 2. Spray the vinegar onto the moldy surface and leave it to sit for an hour.\\n\\n 3. Wipe clean the area with water and allow the surface to dry. Any smell from the vinegar should clear within a few hours.\\n\\nIf you want to use vinegar to prevent mold growing on surfaces just spray\\nvinegar on the surface and leave it. Repeat this every few days to ensure the\\nsurface will stay mold-free. You can even mop your tiled bathroom floor or\\nother hard non-porous floors with vinegar if you are worried about mold\\ngrowing on them.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Ammonia\\n\\nLike bleach, ammonia will kill mold on hard non-porous surfaces such as\\ncountertops, glass or tiles but it is ineffective at killing mold growing in\\nporous material such as wood or drywall.\\n\\nAnother disadvantage of using ammonia is that it is a harsh, toxic chemical.\\nMake sure you never mix ammonia with bleach because the gas they create when\\ncombined is toxic. Chlorine mixed with ammonia was even used as a chemical\\nweapon during World War 2.\\n\\nAdditionally, although ammonia can kill surface mold, dead mold and dead mold\\nspores are still allergenic so you will need to make sure to remove them\\nafterwards.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Ammonia\\n\\n 1. To kill mold using ammonia, create a solution of 50% clear ammonia and 50% water in a spray bottle and spray it on moldy areas.\\n\\n 2. Make sure the ammonia you use says \\\"clear ammonia\\\" on the label.\\n\\n 3. Leave the area for a few hours before wiping and rinsing.\\n\\n 4. Often detergents or mold cleaning products will contain ammonia. In that case just follow the directions on the label and be sure never to mix it with bleach.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Hydrogen Peroxide\\n\\nHydrogen peroxide kills mold as it is anti-fungal as well as anti-viral and\\nanti-bacterial. Hydrogen peroxide is a good alternative to chlorine bleach\\nbecause it is safe to use and doesn't damage the environment, nor does it\\nleave behind toxic residue or produce toxic fumes like chlorine bleach does.\\nYou can buy hydrogen peroxide from drug stores for around one dollar for a\\nbottle of 3% concentration.\\n\\nHydrogen peroxide kills mold effectively on many materials such as clothes,\\nfloors, bathroom fixtures, walls and items such as kitchen appliances. Since\\nhydrogen peroxide is a bleaching agent it may also help fade the stain mold\\nleaves behind. Spot test hydrogen peroxide on the material you're going to be\\ncleaning to make sure it won't fade the material's colors.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Hydrogen Peroxide\\n\\n 1. To kill mold pour 3% concentration hydrogen peroxide into a spray bottle.\\n\\n 2. Spray the moldy surface completely so that the moldy areas are saturated with hydrogen peroxide.\\n\\n 3. Leave the surface to sit for 10 minutes while the hydrogen peroxide kills the mold.\\n\\n 4. Then scrub the area to make sure to remove all the mold and mold stains.\\n\\n 5. Finally wipe the surface down to remove residual mold and spores.\\n\\nYou can also use vinegar with hydrogen peroxide during the cleaning to more\\neffectively remove the mold. Afterwards store the spray bottle in a dark place\\nsince light diminishes hydrogen peroxide's effectiveness.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Detergent and Water\\n\\nA solution of detergent and warm water can be used to scrub surface mold off\\nnon-porous surfaces. Although detergent itself doesn't kill mold, if the mold\\nis on non-porous materials then the solution doesn't need to kill it as long\\nas you completely clean away all the mold on the surface.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Baking Soda\\n\\nBaking soda is well known as a natural and safe household cleaner. But you can\\nalso use baking soda to kill mold in your home. Unlike other mold killers\\nwhich contain harsh chemicals, baking soda is mild (pH of 8.1) and harmless to\\nyour family and any pets.\\n\\nBesides killing mold, baking soda also deodorizes and so using it can get rid\\nof the smell mold leaves in your home. Baking soda also absorbs moisture to\\nhelp keep mold away.\\n\\nVinegar is often used along with baking soda when cleaning up a mold problem\\nsince vinegar kills different species of mold to baking soda.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Baking Soda\\n\\n 1. Add one quarter of a tablespoon of baking soda to a spray bottle of water.\\n\\n 2. Shake the bottle to dissolve the baking soda into the water.\\n\\n 3. Spray the moldy area with the baking soda and water solution.\\n\\n 4. Then use a sponge or scrubbing brush to make sure to remove all the mold from the surface.\\n\\n 5. Once you've scrubbed away the mold rinse the surface with water to remove any residual mold on the surface.\\n\\n 6. Spray the area with the spray bottle again and let the surface dry. This will kill any left over mold and prevent the mold returning.\\n\\nYou can use a cloth instead of a spray bottle to clean mold with baking soda:\\n\\n 1. Soak a cloth in water and then add one quarter of a tablespoon of baking soda to it.\\n\\n 2. Use the cloth on the moldy area to remove the mold with the baking soda and water solution.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Tea Tree Oil\\n\\nOf all the natural mold killing solutions tea tree oil is the most effective.\\nAlthough it is also expensive, a small amount of tea tree oil goes a long way\\nin killing mold.\\n\\nTea tree oil is an essential oil which is harmless to people and pets. Tea\\ntree oil is antifungal, capable of killing all types of molds. Tea tree oil is\\nantibacterial as well.\\n\\nYou can buy tea tree oil for about $10 for a small bottle from most natural\\nfood stores. Make sure the tea tree oil you buy is derived from the Melaleuca\\nAlternifolia, which is the technical name for tea tree, as not all brands\\nalways are.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Tea Tree Oil\\n\\n 1. To kill mold using tea tree oil add water to a spray bottle, keeping in mind how many cups it takes to fill the bottle.\\n\\n 2. Next add tea tree oil at the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water that went into the spray bottle.\\n\\n 3. Spray the solution on the moldy surface.\\n\\n 4. There is no need to rinse since leaving the tea tree oil on the surface will kill the mold and prevent it from returning.\\n\\nAn alternative to using a spray bottle is to use a rag or cloth with the tea\\ntree oil solution to clean away mold:\\n\\n 1. First create a solution of tea tree oil and water in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water.\\n\\n 2. Use a cloth to apply the solution to the moldy surface and scrub the mold away.\\n\\n 3. Again, you do not need to rinse the surface afterwards.\\n\\nTea tree oil has a strong smell but it will go away after some time. You can\\nkeep and use the solution you have made for a long time afterwards as tea tree\\noil does not lose its potency quickly.\\n\\n## Mold Removal with Grapefruit Seed Extract\\n\\nGrapefruit seed extract is similar to tea tree oil in that it is an expensive\\nbut very effective natural mold killer. The advantage of grapefruit seed\\nextract over tea tree oil however is that it has almost no odor. Like tea tree\\noil you can buy grape fruit seed extract from most health food stores.\\n\\nGrapefruit seed extract kills mold naturally as the citric acid from the\\ngrapefruit attacks mold. Grapefruit seed extract also disinfects areas and\\ndeodorizes as well. Like tea tree oil, a small amount of grapefruit seed\\nextract goes a long way in killing mold.\\n\\n## How to Kill Mold with Grapefruit Seed Extract\\n\\n 1. To kill mold with grapefruit seed extract create a solution of grapefruit seed extract and water in a spray bottle in the ratio of 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract per cup of water.\\n\\n 2. Shake the spray bottle to mix the solution thoroughly and then spray it onto the surface where mold is growing.\\n\\n 3. You do not need to rinse the solution away afterwards although you can use a cloth to wipe away the mold and solution after some minutes if you like. The longer grapefruit seed extract is in contact with mold the more it will cut through and kill the mold colony and prevent mold from returning.\\n\\n 4. Repeat if needed to more thoroughly remove mold from the surface.\\n\\nThe grapefruit seed extract solution in the spray bottle will remain potent\\nfor a long time and can be reused again and again as grapefruit seed extract\\nhas a long shelf life.\\n\\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210812092925/https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Signs of Mold in House\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you are having a problem with allergies then there's a good chance there could be mold growing somewhere in your home. Common allergic reactions to mold include sneezing, sore eyes and a runny nose or nasal congestion.\",\n \"Do you notice your allergic reactions are worse when you're at home but you feel better when you go out? If so then it's especially likely you could have mold. If you find that your allergies are worse in some other building, like your workplace, then there could be mold growing there instead.\",\n \"For a list of the symptoms of mold allergy as well as testing and treatment, see Mold Symptoms in Humans.\",\n \"When you have mold growing hidden away in your house, often a moldy smell might be the only clue that it's there. Don't ignore mold odors if you can't see any mold. You should thoroughly inspect your home before any mold problems get worse.\",\n \"Visible mold growth might seem like an obvious sign of mold. However many people don't notice small amounts of mold growth or they think it's just soot or dirt. Sometimes people simply ignore visible mold in their house.\",\n \"If you can see mold growth, even if it's only small, you should take action immediately. Small mold patches can spread and the fact that there is any mold shows that the conditions in your home are right for mold to grow. You can find a guide to removing mold at Mold Removal.\",\n \"If you don't take care of mold it will soon become a bigger problem. Visible mold growth could also be a sign that there is a much larger mold colony growing hidden away from view.\",\n \"Sometimes you might not realize there is mold in your house, especially if it is unusual looking mold. Some mold growth looks white and thread-like. Other mold appears as clusters of small black spots. Mold can be black, gray-brown, gray-green or white in color. Mold growing behind wallpaper made of vinyl can even appear orange, pink or purple.\",\n \"If you have had any long term moisture problems in your house it's usually inevitable they will lead to mold beginning to grow. So if you know you've had some water problems in your home then it's a pretty good sign you could have mold.\",\n \"Some signs that you have a moisture problem include water stains or discoloration on walls, floors or ceilings in your house. Seeing these could be a clue that there is mold growing within or behind the material.\",\n \"Another sign of a moisture problem is surface abnormalities like peeling, bubbling or cracking of the paint or wallpaper. If your walls are bowed, bulging or warped it probably means moisture has gotten into them. Another clue is if the surface of walls or other materials feel damp.\",\n \"The above signs of water problems in homes are usually created by leaks. However if you already know that you have had a water leak (such as leaking pipes or a leaking ceiling) then just that knowledge by itself, even if you don't see signs of water damage, is a good sign that you might have mold growing in your house around the area where the leak was.\",\n \"Mold growth from leaks can often be hidden. If the leak was behind a wall or other surface then any mold will probably be hidden behind the surface too. Even if the leak was not behind a surface there could still be mold hidden out of view behind a wall or other surface from water which seeped through.\",\n \"Where Mold Grows describes how to find mold in your home and lists places mold often grows, including hidden mold.\",\n \"If your house has been flooded in the past then it's likely that mold would've started to grow. Any mold would probably be growing in places where flood water remained the longest such as in the basement. Floods can often create mold growing out of view behind walls or under floors.\",\n \"If you see a lot of condensation in your home then it's a sign that you have a high amount of moisture and hence a sign that you could have a mold problem. Condensation will occur on surfaces such as glass windows or metal pipes. Mold could be growing where the condensation builds up and collects. Rusting indoor pipes are a sign that you could have a lot of condensation in your house.\",\n \"Besides the fact that condensation creates a build up of moisture for mold to grow on, condensation can also be a sign that you have a humidity problem in your home. A high humidity level can feed mold and it is another sign that you might have a potential mold problem.\",\n \"If you suffer neurological symptoms such as headaches, trouble concentrating, shortened attention span, memory loss and dizziness it could be a sign that there is toxic mold growing somewhere in your house which is poisoning you.\",\n \"Mycotoxins from toxic molds such as Stachybotrys chartarum can have a mental effect on people much more severe than the allergic symptoms caused by other non-toxic molds.\",\n \"Like with allergies, if toxic symptoms increase when you are in your home or in a certain building then it's very likely that mold is growing there.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Signs of Mold in House\\n\\n### Mold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\\n\\n### Mold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\\nClothes Vacuum Mold\\n\\n### Mold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\n### Mold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold\\n\\n### Mold in Rooms\\n\\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\n### Toxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus\\n\\n### Mycotoxins\\n\\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\\n\\n### Mold\\n\\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\\n\\n### Mold Removal\\n\\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\\nClothes Vacuum Mold\\n\\n### Mold Detection\\n\\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\\n\\n### Mold in House\\n\\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\\n\\n### Toxic Mold\\n\\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\\n\\n# Signs of Mold in House\\n\\nBelow are some common signs to watch out for that could indicate you have mold\\ngrowing in your house.\\n\\n## Allergic Symptoms from Mold\\n\\nIf you are having a problem with allergies then there's a good chance there\\ncould be mold growing somewhere in your home. Common allergic reactions to\\nmold include sneezing, sore eyes and a runny nose or nasal congestion.\\n\\nDo you notice your allergic reactions are worse when you're at home but you\\nfeel better when you go out? If so then it's especially likely you could have\\nmold. If you find that your allergies are worse in some other building, like\\nyour workplace, then there could be mold growing there instead.\\n\\nFor a list of the symptoms of mold allergy as well as testing and treatment,\\nsee Mold Symptoms in Humans.\\n\\n## Smelling a Mold Odor\\n\\nWhen you have mold growing hidden away in your house, often a moldy smell\\nmight be the only clue that it's there. Don't ignore mold odors if you can't\\nsee any mold. You should thoroughly inspect your home before any mold problems\\nget worse.\\n\\nYou can find out how to inspect your house for mold at Mold Inspection.\\n\\n## Seeing Signs of Mold Growth\\n\\nVisible mold growth might seem like an obvious sign of mold. However many\\npeople don't notice small amounts of mold growth or they think it's just soot\\nor dirt. Sometimes people simply ignore visible mold in their house.\\n\\nIf you can see mold growth, even if it's only small, you should take action\\nimmediately. Small mold patches can spread and the fact that there is any mold\\nshows that the conditions in your home are right for mold to grow. You can\\nfind a guide to removing mold at Mold Removal.\\n\\nIf you don't take care of mold it will soon become a bigger problem. Visible\\nmold growth could also be a sign that there is a much larger mold colony\\ngrowing hidden away from view.\\n\\nSometimes you might not realize there is mold in your house, especially if it\\nis unusual looking mold. Some mold growth looks white and thread-like. Other\\nmold appears as clusters of small black spots. Mold can be black, gray-brown,\\ngray-green or white in color. Mold growing behind wallpaper made of vinyl can\\neven appear orange, pink or purple.\\n\\n## Signs of Water Problems\\n\\nIf you have had any long term moisture problems in your house it's usually\\ninevitable they will lead to mold beginning to grow. So if you know you've had\\nsome water problems in your home then it's a pretty good sign you could have\\nmold.\\n\\nSome signs that you have a moisture problem include water stains or\\ndiscoloration on walls, floors or ceilings in your house. Seeing these could\\nbe a clue that there is mold growing within or behind the material.\\n\\nAnother sign of a moisture problem is surface abnormalities like peeling,\\nbubbling or cracking of the paint or wallpaper. If your walls are bowed,\\nbulging or warped it probably means moisture has gotten into them. Another\\nclue is if the surface of walls or other materials feel damp.\\n\\n## Water Leaks\\n\\nMold from a leaking sink\\n\\nThe above signs of water problems in homes are usually created by leaks.\\nHowever if you already know that you have had a water leak (such as leaking\\npipes or a leaking ceiling) then just that knowledge by itself, even if you\\ndon't see signs of water damage, is a good sign that you might have mold\\ngrowing in your house around the area where the leak was.\\n\\nMold growth from leaks can often be hidden. If the leak was behind a wall or\\nother surface then any mold will probably be hidden behind the surface too.\\nEven if the leak was not behind a surface there could still be mold hidden out\\nof view behind a wall or other surface from water which seeped through.\\n\\nWhere Mold Grows describes how to find mold in your home and lists places mold\\noften grows, including hidden mold.\\n\\n## Past Flooding\\n\\nIf your house has been flooded in the past then it's likely that mold would've\\nstarted to grow. Any mold would probably be growing in places where flood\\nwater remained the longest such as in the basement. Floods can often create\\nmold growing out of view behind walls or under floors.\\n\\nFor more information see Mold and Flooding.\\n\\n## Condensation\\n\\nIf you see a lot of condensation in your home then it's a sign that you have a\\nhigh amount of moisture and hence a sign that you could have a mold problem.\\nCondensation will occur on surfaces such as glass windows or metal pipes. Mold\\ncould be growing where the condensation builds up and collects. Rusting indoor\\npipes are a sign that you could have a lot of condensation in your house.\\n\\nBesides the fact that condensation creates a build up of moisture for mold to\\ngrow on, condensation can also be a sign that you have a humidity problem in\\nyour home. A high humidity level can feed mold and it is another sign that you\\nmight have a potential mold problem.\\n\\nMold Causes talks about condensation and the other main causes of mold in\\nhouses.\\n\\n## Toxic Symptoms from Mold\\n\\nIf you suffer neurological symptoms such as headaches, trouble concentrating,\\nshortened attention span, memory loss and dizziness it could be a sign that\\nthere is toxic mold growing somewhere in your house which is poisoning you.\\n\\nMycotoxins from toxic molds such as Stachybotrys chartarum can have a mental\\neffect on people much more severe than the allergic symptoms caused by other\\nnon-toxic molds.\\n\\nLike with allergies, if toxic symptoms increase when you are in your home or\\nin a certain building then it's very likely that mold is growing there.\\n\\nFor more about the symptoms caused by toxic mold visit Black Mold Symptoms.\\n\\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160329124600/http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in Basements\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Using basement paint to waterproof the walls is effective at eliminating the risk of mildew. Basements are usually very dark and musty. Because of those conditions, they can be a great place for mildew and mold to grow. By using waterproof paint, you will help prevent moisture from seeping through the walls. When moisture cannot penetrate the walls, mildew will not be able to grow, even if it is still dark in the basement.\",\n \"DoItYourself.com®, founded in 1995, is the leading independent home improvement and repair website. We welcome your comments and suggestions. All information is provided \\\"AS IS.\\\" Website operating problems contact webmaster@doityourself.com. Questions of a Do It Yourself nature should be submitted to our \\\"DoItYourself.com Community Forums\\\". Copyright© 1995-2016 DoItYourself.com Inc. All rights reserved. You may freely link to this site, and use it for non-commercial use subject to our terms of use. View our Privacy Policy here.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in Basements\\n| DoItYourself.com\\n\\nSkip to Navigation\\n\\nSkip to Content\\n\\n#### Login to DoItYourself\\n\\n * How-Tos\\n * Your Projects Your Projects\\n * Forums\\n\\nHi 0 | Logout Login Sign Up\\n\\n * Home /\\n * Interior Home Improvement /\\n * Basements /\\n * Basement Waterproofing\\n\\n# Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in\\nBasements\\n\\n##### Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in\\nBasements\\n\\nEditor's Picks\\n\\n* 6 Most Common Mistakes of Tiling and How to Avoid Them\\n* Refresh Your Hardwood Floors\\n* Troubleshooting Hard-to-Open Windows\\n* How to Start a Bonsai Garden from Scratch\\n* Ditch These 6 Disposable Items\\n\\nUsing basement paint to waterproof the walls is effective at eliminating the\\nrisk of mildew. Basements are usually very dark and musty. Because of those\\nconditions, they can be a great place for mildew and mold to grow. By using\\nwaterproof paint, you will help prevent moisture from seeping through the\\nwalls. When moisture cannot penetrate the walls, mildew will not be able to\\ngrow, even if it is still dark in the basement.\\n\\nCreate a Paneled Wall With Molding\\n\\n#### Related Articles\\n\\n5 Advantages of Exterior Basement Waterproofing\\n\\nHow to Prevent Water Damage With Basement Waterproof Paint\\n\\nBasement Waterproofing: Waterproof Paint vs Epoxy\\n\\n5 Tips for Using Mildew-resistant Paint\\n\\n### Related Ads\\n\\ncomments powered by Disqus\\n\\n### Get DIY Tips by Email\\n\\n## Newsletter Subscription Confirmation\\n\\nSubscribing...\\n\\nFollow @DoItYourselfcom\\n\\n### Related Ads\\n\\n * advertise\\n * shop\\n * find a contractor\\n * about us\\n * careers\\n * terms of use\\n * privacy policy\\n * cookie policy\\n * site map\\n\\n * facebook\\n * twitter\\n * twitter\\n * YouTube\\n\\nDoItYourself.com®, founded in 1995, is the leading independent home\\nimprovement and repair website. We welcome your comments and suggestions. All\\ninformation is provided \\\"AS IS.\\\" Website operating problems contact\\nwebmaster@doityourself.com. Questions of a Do It Yourself nature should be\\nsubmitted to our \\\"DoItYourself.com Community Forums\\\". Copyright© 1995-2016\\nDoItYourself.com Inc. All rights reserved. You may freely link to this site,\\nand use it for non-commercial use subject to our terms of use. View our\\nPrivacy Policy here.\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211030081643/https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Ammonia Uses and Benefits\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Use the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to the products you use every day.\",\n \"Use the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to the products you use every day.\",\n \"Ammonia, a colorless gas with a distinct odor, is a building-block chemical and a key component in the manufacture of many products people use every day. It occurs naturally throughout the environment in the air, soil and water and in plants and animals, including humans. The human body makes ammonia when the body breaks down foods containing protein into amino acids and ammonia, then converting the ammonia into urea.\",\n \"Ammonia is a basic building block for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which releases nitrogen, an essential nutrient for growing plants, including farm crops and lawns. About 90 percent of ammonia produced worldwide is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. The production of food crops naturally depletes soil nutrient supplies. In order to maintain healthy crops, farmers rely on fertilizer to keep their soils productive. Fertilizers also can also help increase levels of essential nutrients like zinc, selenium and boron in food crops.\",\n \"Ammonium hydroxide – commonly known as household ammonia – is an ingredient in many household cleaning products used to clean a variety of surfaces including tubs, sinks, toilets, countertops and tiles. Ammonia also is effective at breaking down household grime or stains from animal fats or vegetable oils, such as cooking grease and wine stains. Because ammonia evaporates quickly, it is commonly used in glass cleaning solutions to help avoid streaking.\",\n \"When used as a refrigerant gas and in air-conditioning equipment, ammonia can absorb substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings.\",\n \"Ammonia can be used to purify water supplies and as a building block in the manufacture of many products including plastics, explosives, fabrics, pesticides and dyes.\",\n \"Ammonia also is used in the waste and wastewater treatment, cold storage, rubber, pulp and paper and food and beverage industries as a stabilizer, neutralizer and a source of nitrogen. It also is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.\",\n \"When using cleaning products containing ammonia, follow all instructions on the product label, make sure the area is well ventilated (open windows and doors) and wear proper clothing and eye protection. Ammonia exposure can irritate skin, eyes and lungs. Do not mix ammonia with chlorine bleach, as this produces toxic gases called chloramines. Exposure to chloramine gases can cause coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, irritation to the throat, nose and eyes or pneumonia and fluid in the lungs.\",\n \"Swallowing a cleaning product that contains ammonia can burn the mouth, throat, and stomach and cause severe abdominal pain. If a cleaning product containing ammonia is accidentally ingested, read the product label for safety instructions, or call the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222, and be sure to have the label from the cleaning product in hand.\",\n \"Medical tests can detect ammonia in blood or urine. But because ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, people are regularly exposed to low levels of ammonia in air, soil and water, so these test results are not considered effective biomarkers of exposure. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) states that “no health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical environmental concentrations of ammonia.\",\n \"About 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other important uses; for example in household cleaning products and in manufacturing other products.\",\n \"Ammonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and in nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human health, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic processes.\",\n \"Ammonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air, and water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle that already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process, ammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not bioaccumulate.\",\n \"Ammonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or cat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia. Cheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of the cheese aging process.\",\n \"Ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low levels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or if they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an enclosed building that contains lots of animals.\",\n \"No health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of ammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in air may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns.\",\n \"About 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other important uses; for example in household cleaning products and in manufacturing other products.\",\n \"Ammonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and in nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human health, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic processes.\",\n \"Ammonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air, and water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle that already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process, ammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not bioaccumulate.\",\n \"Ammonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or cat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia. Cheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of the cheese aging process.\",\n \"Ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low levels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or if they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an enclosed building that contains lots of animals.\",\n \"No health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of ammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in air may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Ammonia Uses and Benefits | Chemical Safety Facts\\n\\n# Get chemical safety information on the products you use every day\\n\\nToggle navigation\\n\\nUse the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to\\nthe products you use every day.\\n\\n## FIND A CHEMICAL\\n\\nUse the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to\\nthe products you use every day.\\n\\nHome\\n\\nAmmonia\\n\\nAmmonium hydroxide\\n\\nAmmonia\\n\\n# Ammonia\\n\\nAmmonia, a colorless gas with a distinct odor, is a building-block chemical\\nand a key component in the manufacture of many products people use every day.\\nIt occurs naturally throughout the environment in the air, soil and water and\\nin plants and animals, including humans. The human body makes ammonia when the\\nbody breaks down foods containing protein into amino acids and ammonia, then\\nconverting the ammonia into urea.\\n\\nMost Viewed Latest Content\\n\\n### Chlorine Dioxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Ammonia\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Sodium Hydroxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Titanium Dioxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Olefins\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Chemistry, Students and Sports – A Winning Combination\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Ethylene Oxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Back-to-School Safety Tips During COVID-19\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Organic Peroxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\nPrint this Page\\n\\n * Uses & Benefits\\n * Safety Information\\n * Answering Questions\\n\\n## Uses & Benefits\\n\\n### Ammonia in Fertilizer\\n\\nAmmonia is a basic building block for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which\\nreleases nitrogen, an essential nutrient for growing plants, including farm\\ncrops and lawns. About 90 percent of ammonia produced worldwide is used in\\nfertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the\\nworld. The production of food crops naturally depletes soil nutrient supplies.\\nIn order to maintain healthy crops, farmers rely on fertilizer to keep their\\nsoils productive. Fertilizers also can also help increase levels of essential\\nnutrients like zinc, selenium and boron in food crops.\\n\\n### Ammonia in Household Cleaning Products\\n\\nAmmonium hydroxide – commonly known as household ammonia – is an ingredient in\\nmany household cleaning products used to clean a variety of surfaces including\\ntubs, sinks, toilets, countertops and tiles. Ammonia also is effective at\\nbreaking down household grime or stains from animal fats or vegetable oils,\\nsuch as cooking grease and wine stains. Because ammonia evaporates quickly, it\\nis commonly used in glass cleaning solutions to help avoid streaking.\\n\\n### Ammonia in Industrial/Manufacturing Uses\\n\\nWhen used as a refrigerant gas and in air-conditioning equipment, ammonia can\\nabsorb substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings.\\n\\nAmmonia can be used to purify water supplies and as a building block in the\\nmanufacture of many products including plastics, explosives, fabrics,\\npesticides and dyes.\\n\\nAmmonia also is used in the waste and wastewater treatment, cold storage,\\nrubber, pulp and paper and food and beverage industries as a stabilizer,\\nneutralizer and a source of nitrogen. It also is used in the manufacture of\\npharmaceuticals.\\n\\n * Uses & Benefits\\n * Safety Information\\n * Answering Questions\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n## Safety Information\\n\\nWhen using cleaning products containing ammonia, follow all instructions on\\nthe product label, make sure the area is well ventilated (open windows and\\ndoors) and wear proper clothing and eye protection. Ammonia exposure can\\nirritate skin, eyes and lungs. Do not mix ammonia with chlorine bleach, as\\nthis produces toxic gases called chloramines. Exposure to chloramine gases can\\ncause coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, irritation to the\\nthroat, nose and eyes or pneumonia and fluid in the lungs.\\n\\nSwallowing a cleaning product that contains ammonia can burn the mouth,\\nthroat, and stomach and cause severe abdominal pain. If a cleaning product\\ncontaining ammonia is accidentally ingested, read the product label for safety\\ninstructions, or call the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222,\\nand be sure to have the label from the cleaning product in hand.\\n\\nMedical tests can detect ammonia in blood or urine. But because ammonia occurs\\nnaturally in the environment, people are regularly exposed to low levels of\\nammonia in air, soil and water, so these test results are not considered\\neffective biomarkers of exposure. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease\\nRegistry (ATSDR) states that “no health effects have been found in humans\\nexposed to typical environmental concentrations of ammonia.\\n\\n * Uses & Benefits\\n * Safety Information\\n * Answering Questions\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n## Answering Questions\\n\\n### What is ammonia used for?\\n\\nAbout 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain\\nfood production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other\\nimportant uses; for example in household cleaning products and in\\nmanufacturing other products.\\n\\n### What is ammonia?\\n\\nAmmonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed\\nof nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and\\nin nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human\\nhealth, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic\\nprocesses.\\n\\n### What happens to ammonia in the environment?\\n\\nAmmonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air,\\nand water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle\\nthat already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process,\\nammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not\\nbioaccumulate.\\n\\n### What does ammonia smell like?\\n\\nAmmonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or\\ncat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia.\\nCheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of\\nthe cheese aging process.\\n\\n### How might I be exposed to ammonia?\\n\\nAmmonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low\\nlevels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to\\nhigher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or\\nif they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible\\nto be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an\\nenclosed building that contains lots of animals.\\n\\n### How can ammonia exposure affect my health?\\n\\nNo health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of\\nammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in\\nair may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause\\ncoughing and burns.\\n\\n#### What is ammonia used for?\\n\\nAbout 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain\\nfood production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other\\nimportant uses; for example in household cleaning products and in\\nmanufacturing other products.\\n\\n#### What is ammonia?\\n\\nAmmonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed\\nof nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and\\nin nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human\\nhealth, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic\\nprocesses.\\n\\n#### What happens to ammonia in the environment?\\n\\nAmmonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air,\\nand water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle\\nthat already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process,\\nammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not\\nbioaccumulate.\\n\\n#### What does ammonia smell like?\\n\\nAmmonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or\\ncat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia.\\nCheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of\\nthe cheese aging process.\\n\\n#### How might I be exposed to ammonia?\\n\\nAmmonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low\\nlevels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to\\nhigher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or\\nif they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible\\nto be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an\\nenclosed building that contains lots of animals.\\n\\n#### How can ammonia exposure affect my health?\\n\\nNo health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of\\nammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in\\nair may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause\\ncoughing and burns.\\n\\n * Uses & Benefits\\n * Safety Information\\n * Answering Questions\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n * U.S. Food and Drug Administration\\n * Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry\\n * American Cleaning Institute\\n * The Fertilizer Institute\\n * TRANSCAER\\n\\n### Relevant Articles\\n\\nChemical Ingredients 101: How to Read a Product Label Read more: Chemical\\nIngredients 101: How to Read a Product Label\\n\\nUnderstanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals Read more:\\nUnderstanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\nDebunking the Myths: Are there really 84,000 chemicals? Read more: Debunking\\nthe Myths: Are there really 84,000 chemicals?\\n\\nTweets by AmChemistry\\n\\nMost Viewed Latest Content\\n\\n### Chlorine Dioxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Ammonia\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Sodium Hydroxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Titanium Dioxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Olefins\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Chemistry, Students and Sports – A Winning Combination\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Ethylene Oxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Back-to-School Safety Tips During COVID-19\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n### Organic Peroxide\\n\\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\\n\\n * Disclaimer\\n * Terms\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n© 2021 ChemicalSafetyFacts.org\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161229192254/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Water stains or mold near a bathroom vent are usually due to an insulation problem, allowing moist, warm air to meet cold air in an uninsulated duct. Better insulation will generally solve the problem.\",\n \"Water stains on the ceiling around your bath fan may indicate a leak coming from the vent cap on your roof, but condensation is the more likely culprit. If bath fan ducting isn’t properly insulated, the moist air from your house will condense inside the duct.\",\n \"The first step is to head to the attic. You may find that the insulation simply needs to be refastened. If you see that your duct isn’t insulated at all, pick up duct insulation at the home center. Use zip ties or aluminum tape to fasten the insulation.\",\n \"If your ducts are properly insulated, another potential cause of condensation is lack of use. Bath fans have a damper designed to keep the outside air from entering in through the fan, but that valve doesn’t stop warm air from escaping. Whether you use your bath fan or not, some warm air will still escape into the ducting. On very cold days, that warm air is likely to condense inside the ducting, especially if the fan is never run to dry it out. Guest baths are particularly prone to this problem.\",\n \"The bottom line: Before you climb on the roof to look for leaks, make sure your bath fan duct is insulated, and run the fan more often and for longer periods. Switches with built-in timers are available.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans | The Family\\nHandyman\\n\\n### Select Username\\n\\n### Modal title\\n\\n##### Don't have an account yet?\\n\\nSign up today for FREE and become part of The Family Handyman community of\\nDIYers.\\n\\nMember benefits:\\n\\n * Get a FREE Traditional Bookcase Project Plan\\n * Sign up for FREE DIY newsletters\\n\\nJoin us\\n\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * DIY Tip Genius App\\n * Free Product Info\\n * Promotions\\n * Login\\n * Join us\\n * Hello ScreenName\\n\\n * My Account\\n * Log Out\\n\\n * Subscribe Now »\\n * Give a Gift »\\n * Digital Edition »\\n * Customer Care »\\n\\nSUBSCRIBE\\n\\nMagazine\\n\\nGive a gift\\n\\nShop\\n\\n * How To & Repair\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Appliance Repair\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Dishwasher Repair\\n * Refrigerator Repair\\n * Stove Repair\\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\\n * Automotive\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Car Brakes\\n * Car Maintenance\\n * Car Window Repair\\n * DIY Car Paint\\n * DIY Oil Change\\n * Lawn Mower Repair\\n * Small Engine Repair\\n * Tires\\n * Utility Trailer\\n * Carpentry\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Trim Carpentry\\n * Cleaning\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Mold & Mildew\\n * Drywall\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Ceiling Texture\\n * Cutting Drywall\\n * Drywall Installation\\n * Drywall Repair\\n * Drywall Taping\\n * Electrical\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Breaker Box\\n * Electrical Repair\\n * Electrical Wiring\\n * Fluorescent Lighting\\n * Home Lighting\\n * Outdoor Lighting\\n * Wiring Outlets\\n * Wiring Switches\\n * Heating & Cooling\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Air Conditioner Repair\\n * Furnace Repair\\n * Masonry\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Concrete Repair\\n * Pouring Concrete\\n * Painting\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Painting Techniques\\n * Painting Tips\\n * Pest Control\\n * Plumbing\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Drain Repair\\n * Faucet Repair\\n * Plumbing Repair\\n * Plumbing Valves\\n * Toilet Repair\\n * Water Heater\\n * Water Softener\\n * Storage & Organization\\n * Tiling\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Grouting\\n * Tile Installation\\n * Tools\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Air Tools\\n * Automotive Tools\\n * Circular Saws\\n * Drills\\n * Miter Saws\\n * Painting Tools\\n * Power Tools\\n * Routers\\n * Saws\\n * Table Saws\\n * Tool Storage\\n * Woodworking Tools\\n * Woodworking\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Bookcase\\n * Building Shelves\\n * Furniture Repair\\n * Staining Wood\\n * Wood Joints\\n * Woodworking Projects\\n * Woodworking Tips\\n * Ceiling\\n * Doors\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Door Installation\\n * Door Repair\\n * Garage Door Repair\\n * Screen Door Repair\\n * Floors\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Carpet Repair\\n * Floor Repair\\n * Hardwood Floors\\n * Vinyl Flooring\\n * Wood Floor Installation\\n * Roof\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Gutter Repair\\n * Roof Repair\\n * Siding\\n * Walls\\n * Windows\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Window Repair\\n * Rooms\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Attic\\n * Basement\\n * Bathroom\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\\n * Bathroom Remodeling\\n * Shower Installation\\n * Bedroom\\n * Closet\\n * Garage\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Garage Storage\\n * Home Office\\n * Kitchen\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\\n * Kitchen Countertops\\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\\n * Kitchen Storage\\n * Laundry\\n * Workshop\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Workbenches\\n * Workshop Storage\\n * Outdoor\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Decks\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Building a Deck\\n * Deck Designs\\n * Deck Railing\\n * Garden\\n * Garden Structures\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Fences\\n * Garden Paths\\n * Grills\\n * Landscaping\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Backyard Ponds\\n * Backyard Waterfalls\\n * Lawn Care\\n * Outdoor Furniture\\n * Planter Boxes\\n * Retaining Wall\\n * Patio\\n * Sheds\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * DIY Advice\\n * DIY Home Improvement\\n * Energy Saving Tips\\n * Great Goofs\\n * Home Safety Tips\\n * Home Security\\n * Ways to Save Money\\n * Subscribe\\n\\nBack\\n\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * DIY University\\n * Free Product Info\\n * Newsletters\\n * Promotions\\n * Tip App\\n * * Join Us\\n * Log In\\n * Hello\\n\\n * My Account\\n * Log Out\\n * Get DIY tips in your inbox\\n\\n * Follow Us\\n\\nFixing a toilet Electrical Organizing Cleaning Plumbing Automotive\\n\\n 1. Home\\n 2. Rooms\\n 3. Bathroom\\n 4. Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans\\n\\n# Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans\\n\\nCondensation may be the problem\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nShare:\\n\\n * Article\\n * Tools & Materials\\n * Next Project ›\\n\\nWater stains or mold near a bathroom vent are usually due to an insulation\\nproblem, allowing moist, warm air to meet cold air in an uninsulated duct.\\nBetter insulation will generally solve the problem.\\n\\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\\n\\n * Finding the problem\\n\\n#### Similar Projects\\n\\n * How to Repair a Bathroom Fan\\n\\n * How to Install a Bathroom Fan\\n\\n * Use an In-Line Fan to Vent Two Bathrooms\\n\\n * Fix a Noisy Bathroom Fan\\n\\n * How to Install an Exhaust Fan\\n\\n * Article\\n\\n## Finding the problem\\n\\n### The cause of condensation\\n\\nMoist indoor air condenses inside a cold, uninsulated duct and water runs down\\ninto the fan.\\n\\nWater stains on the ceiling around your bath fan may indicate a leak coming\\nfrom the vent cap on your roof, but condensation is the more likely culprit.\\nIf bath fan ducting isn’t properly insulated, the moist air from your house\\nwill condense inside the duct.\\n\\nThe first step is to head to the attic. You may find that the insulation\\nsimply needs to be refastened. If you see that your duct isn’t insulated at\\nall, pick up duct insulation at the home center. Use zip ties or aluminum tape\\nto fasten the insulation.\\n\\nIf your ducts are properly insulated, another potential cause of condensation\\nis lack of use. Bath fans have a damper designed to keep the outside air from\\nentering in through the fan, but that valve doesn’t stop warm air from\\nescaping. Whether you use your bath fan or not, some warm air will still\\nescape into the ducting. On very cold days, that warm air is likely to\\ncondense inside the ducting, especially if the fan is never run to dry it out.\\nGuest baths are particularly prone to this problem.\\n\\nThe bottom line: Before you climb on the roof to look for leaks, make sure\\nyour bath fan duct is insulated, and run the fan more often and for longer\\nperiods. Switches with built-in timers are available.\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n * Tools & Materials\\n\\n#### Required Tools for this Project\\n\\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\\nsave time and frustration.\\n\\n * Dust mask\\n * Flashlight\\n\\nYou'll also need gloves\\n\\n#### Required Materials for this Project\\n\\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\\ntime. Here's a list.\\n\\n * Duct insulation\\n\\n# Popular How-To Videos\\n\\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\\n\\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\\n\\n### We Recommend\\n\\n### 20 Secret Hiding Places\\n\\n### Save Money With Home Energy Audit\\n\\n### Install Cabinets Like a Pro!\\n\\n### How to Unclog a Drain\\n\\n * Reader's Digest\\n * Taste of Home Recipes\\n\\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Rooms\\n * Skills\\n * Parts of the House\\n * Outdoors\\n * Magazine\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Customer Care\\n * Content Submission\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n### FOLLOW US\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Customer Care\\n * Content Submission\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\\n\\n * Reader's Digest\\n * Taste of Home Recipes\\n\\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://removemoldguide.com/do-it-yourself/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210426184051/http://removemoldguide.com/do-it-yourself/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":384,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":2267377,"string":"2,267,377"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Clean up Dog Urine"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To clean up dog urine on hardwood floors, start by putting on gloves and setting down paper towels to absorb the urine. Once most of the urine has been soaked up, place the paper towels in a plastic bag and tie the bag before throwing it in the garbage. Spray the area with an enzyme cleaner, and get a damp cloth. Use the cloth to wipe down the area thoroughly before placing it in the laundry. Let the area air dry completely before you or your dog walk over it!"},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20170504173515/http://www.dettol.co.uk:80/healthy-homes/pets/pet-specific-cleaning-issues/","http://web.archive.org/web/20201206013526/https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/","http://web.archive.org/web/20191119014738/http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210514011753/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20161107010058/http://www.momadvice.com:80/money/line_drying_clothing","http://web.archive.org/web/20210518174908/https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-Urine-Odors-on-Floors.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210518072427/https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet","http://web.archive.org/web/20210411130412/https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170504173515/http://www.dettol.co.uk:80/healthy-homes/pets/pet-specific-cleaning-issues/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201206013526/https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191119014738/http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514011753/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161107010058/http://www.momadvice.com:80/money/line_drying_clothing\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518174908/https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-Urine-Odors-on-Floors.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518072427/https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411130412/https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2375,"string":"2,375"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.dettol.co.uk:80/healthy-homes/pets/pet-specific-cleaning-issues/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170504173515/http://www.dettol.co.uk:80/healthy-homes/pets/pet-specific-cleaning-issues/","parsed_text":{"title":"Cleaning tips for pet owners","passages":["This site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site without disabling them, you consent to our use of cookies. To learn more about the types of cookies we use, please view our cookie policy","If you own a pet, you probably consider them a valued member of the family. So you won’t be surprised to learn that according to medical research, pet owners are more likely to have lower stress levels, increased overall health and an improved quality of life compared to those who don’t have a furry companion*.","But our pets love nothing better than running about outside, chewing and playing with nearly anything that moves, picking up bacteria and other germs as they go...","So that’s why it’s important to take a few extra steps to help ensure they don’t inadvertently spread these germs in your home.","Equally, you want to take measures to ensure the cleaning products you are using in your home are safe to use around pets.","Pets carry bacteria and other germs on their paws, fur and in their mouths. Sometimes these microbes can be harmful to us, even though your pet may not show any symptoms.","Some of the germs that pets carry, like salmonella and staphylococcus can cause infections in humans. Although it is very rare to pick up these infections from your pet, practicing good hygiene can still help to protect the whole family by reducing the risk.","Keep claws trimmed to reduce the risk of scratches – dogs and cats paws and nails can pick up dirt and inadvertently transfer it to you or your children, causing an infection.","Keep an up-to-date record of their vaccinations at home or with their veterinarian so you know when they are due.","Check your pet regularly for signs of ill health. If you think something is wrong, Seek advice from your vet.","Do not use antiseptic cream designed for humans on pet’s wounds (as they will often lick/ingest creams). Speak to your vet if a pet’s wounds needs treating.","Help protect your family by following these simple hygiene practices and you, your family and your pets can life safely and healthily together.","Give your pets their own feeding bowl and pet-food serving utensils, which are stored and cleaned separately from other household dishes.","Regularly clean and disinfect your pet’s feeding bowl and utensils with pet-friendly products. Rinse items thoroughly with clean hot water and dry before re-use.","Use pet-safe products to clean and disinfect the floor area where your pets eat their food. Quite often, they can spill water, saliva or food particles that can quickly become contaminated with bacteria – especially on a warm day.","Although it can be tempting, avoid letting your pet share your plate or lick your face as germs can be transferred.","Its important not to allow pets to climb on surfaces where food is prepared or served, as they can spread germs from their paws or fur. The inquisitive nature of cats means they just can’t resist exploring all the nooks and crannies of your home. Even ‘off-limit’ areas like kitchen counters are sometimes frequented when no one is looking...","To be safe, make sure you spray or wipe counter tops and food areas with an antibacterial product before preparing and serving food.","• Entryways/floors frequented by pets coming in from outdoors and litter box areas should be given special attention • Muddy paws can trap in bacteria and other germs. Keep a spare towel at the door to wipe dogs feet if you can • Clean and disinfect floors regularly in busy pet entry-ways and near litter boxes. • Station litter boxes away from where inquisitive toddlers can reach them.","Use un-fragranced/low fragranced detergents and skip the highly scented fabric softeners or dryer sheets - your pet’s nose can be quite sensitive to fragrance","Never use bleach when a pet soils your carpet or floors - the ammonia in the urine will react with bleach and give off harmful fumes.","When cleaning floors, try to prevent pets from walking across them until they are dry, since pets groom their paws and fur with their tongues.","Avoid cleaning pet cages and fish tanks in your kitchen sink. Clean them outside if you can, using a bucket of fresh soapy water, or a pet-friendly detergent.","Pregnant women should avoid cleaning cat litter trays, as a harmful parasite in cat’s faeces can cause toxoplasmosis. If there is no alternative, wear rubber gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. If you have an outdoor cat, avoid gardening without gloves.","Whilst your pet may be a member of your family, take these top tips to reduce your family or friends allergic reactions to your pets.","You’ve been washing your hands all your life – but have you been doing it correctly? Good hand washing technique is critical to make sure you are protecting yourself and others from the spread of harmful germs. Find out how you should be washing your hands with our simple guide.","Want to find out about allergies, allergy symptoms and more facts about common allergies that can affect us all? Read all about allergies here with Dettol.","©2014 Reckitt Benckiser. All rights reserved. DETTOL and DETTOL logo are trade marks of the Reckitt Benckiser Group of Companies. Dettol Antiseptic Wash, Dettol Liquid and Dettol Antiseptic Cream are medicines. Always read the label. UK/CC/0914/0187"]},"parsed_md":"Cleaning tips for pet owners\n\n## Cookies\n\nThis site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site without disabling\nthem, you consent to our use of cookies. To learn more about the types of\ncookies we use, please view our cookie policy\n\nOK\n\nOpen Search Close Search\n\nLysol\n\n# Pets and Hygiene\n\n## Essential cleaning tips for pet owners\n\nShare This Page. -\n\nIf you own a pet, you probably consider them a valued member of the family. So\nyou won’t be surprised to learn that according to medical research, pet owners\nare more likely to have lower stress levels, increased overall health and an\nimproved quality of life compared to those who don’t have a furry companion*.\n\nBut our pets love nothing better than running about outside, chewing and\nplaying with nearly anything that moves, picking up bacteria and other germs\nas they go...\n\nSo that’s why it’s important to take a few extra steps to help ensure they\ndon’t inadvertently spread these germs in your home.\n\nEqually, you want to take measures to ensure the cleaning products you are\nusing in your home are safe to use around pets.\n\nWhy do pet owners need to take extra care?\n\nPets carry bacteria and other germs on their paws, fur and in their mouths.\nSometimes these microbes can be harmful to us, even though your pet may not\nshow any symptoms.\n\nCan I catch a disease from my pet?\n\nSome of the germs that pets carry, like salmonella and staphylococcus can\ncause infections in humans. Although it is very rare to pick up these\ninfections from your pet, practicing good hygiene can still help to protect\nthe whole family by reducing the risk.\n\nReducing the risk of infection\n\n * Cats and dogs should be treated for fleas and ticks regularly, as well as intestinal worms and parasites.\n * Keep claws trimmed to reduce the risk of scratches – dogs and cats paws and nails can pick up dirt and inadvertently transfer it to you or your children, causing an infection.\n\nProtecting your Pet\n\n * The most important step in protecting your beloved pet is to make sure they stay healthy\n * Pets should be vaccinated regularly to protect them from preventable diseases.\n * Keep an up-to-date record of their vaccinations at home or with their veterinarian so you know when they are due.\n * Cats and dogs should be treated for fleas and ticks regularly, as well as intestinal worms and parasites.\n * Check your pet regularly for signs of ill health. If you think something is wrong, Seek advice from your vet.\n * Do not give pets human medicine or pain killers. Seek veterinary advice\n * Do not use antiseptic cream designed for humans on pet’s wounds (as they will often lick/ingest creams). Speak to your vet if a pet’s wounds needs treating.\n\nHealthy home with Pets:\n\nHelp protect your family by following these simple hygiene practices and you,\nyour family and your pets can life safely and healthily together.\n\nHealthy Hands:\n\n * Wash your hands after petting or playing with pets, their toys, leads or leashes, cages, blankets, bedding, etc.\n * Wash hands before preparing or serving food.\n * Encourage children to wash their hands before eating, especially if they have been in contact with pets.\n\nFeeding Tips:\n\n * Give your pets their own feeding bowl and pet-food serving utensils, which are stored and cleaned separately from other household dishes.\n * If possible, position your pet’s feeding station away from the kitchen to reduce the risk of spreading germs.\n * Regularly clean and disinfect your pet’s feeding bowl and utensils with pet-friendly products. Rinse items thoroughly with clean hot water and dry before re-use.\n * Use pet-safe products to clean and disinfect the floor area where your pets eat their food. Quite often, they can spill water, saliva or food particles that can quickly become contaminated with bacteria – especially on a warm day.\n * Remember, pets have sensitive noses and paws, so avoid highly fragranced products that can cause irritation.\n * Although it can be tempting, avoid letting your pet share your plate or lick your face as germs can be transferred.\n\nPets on kitchen surfaces:\n\n * Its important not to allow pets to climb on surfaces where food is prepared or served, as they can spread germs from their paws or fur. The inquisitive nature of cats means they just can’t resist exploring all the nooks and crannies of your home. Even ‘off-limit’ areas like kitchen counters are sometimes frequented when no one is looking...\n * To be safe, make sure you spray or wipe counter tops and food areas with an antibacterial product before preparing and serving food.\n\nHealthy Floors:\n\n * • Entryways/floors frequented by pets coming in from outdoors and litter box areas should be given special attention • Muddy paws can trap in bacteria and other germs. Keep a spare towel at the door to wipe dogs feet if you can • Clean and disinfect floors regularly in busy pet entry-ways and near litter boxes. • Station litter boxes away from where inquisitive toddlers can reach them.\n\nHealthy Bedding:\n\n * When buying pet beds, look for those with removable covers and wash pet bedding regularly\n * Use a laundry sanitizer to help eliminate germs and allergens while removing fur, odours and bacteria.\n * Use un-fragranced/low fragranced detergents and skip the highly scented fabric softeners or dryer sheets - your pet’s nose can be quite sensitive to fragrance\n * If your pets sleep on you or your kid’s bed, make sure you wash and sanitise bed linens regularly\n\nSafe Cleaning Tips:\n\n * Never use bleach when a pet soils your carpet or floors - the ammonia in the urine will react with bleach and give off harmful fumes.\n * Avoid using any ammonia-based products, as the ammonia smell may encourage your pet to ‘mark’ the area.\n * Avoid harsh chemicals when cleaning areas pets frequent, and/or rinse well with warm water.\n * When cleaning floors, try to prevent pets from walking across them until they are dry, since pets groom their paws and fur with their tongues.\n * If your puppy is prone to drinking from the toilet, avoid in-the-bowl toilet cleaners, or keep the lid closed\n * Keep cleaning products safely stored in cupboards with caps screwed on tightly, to avoid accidental ingestion.\n * Avoid cleaning pet cages and fish tanks in your kitchen sink. Clean them outside if you can, using a bucket of fresh soapy water, or a pet-friendly detergent.\n * Pregnant women should avoid cleaning cat litter trays, as a harmful parasite in cat’s faeces can cause toxoplasmosis. If there is no alternative, wear rubber gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. If you have an outdoor cat, avoid gardening without gloves.\n\n## Related Products\n\n### Dettol Antibacterial Original Liquid Hand wash\n\n### Dettol Antibacterial Cleansing Surface Wipes\n\n### Dettol Antibacterial Surface Cleanser\n\nShare This Page. -\n\n### Also in this section:\n\n * Pet Allergies\n * Preparing Dog for Baby with the Help of Cleaning Products\n * Your Pets & Your Child: Cleaning Tips for Baby Safety\n\n### Pet allergies\n\nWhilst your pet may be a member of your family, take these top tips to reduce\nyour family or friends allergic reactions to your pets.\n\n### How to wash hands\n\nYou’ve been washing your hands all your life – but have you been doing it\ncorrectly? Good hand washing technique is critical to make sure you are\nprotecting yourself and others from the spread of harmful germs. Find out how\nyou should be washing your hands with our simple guide.\n\n### Allergies\n\nWant to find out about allergies, allergy symptoms and more facts about common\nallergies that can affect us all? Read all about allergies here with Dettol.\n\nTop of Page\n\n#### Explore Dettol^®\n\n * Our Products\n * Our Mission\n * Your Home\n * Your Family\n * Illness & Prevention\n\n#### Connect With Us\n\nLysol\n\n©2014 Reckitt Benckiser. All rights reserved. DETTOL and DETTOL logo are trade\nmarks of the Reckitt Benckiser Group of Companies. Dettol Antiseptic Wash,\nDettol Liquid and Dettol Antiseptic Cream are medicines. Always read the\nlabel. UK/CC/0914/0187\n\n * Sitemap\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201206013526/https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets","passages":["Follow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on Instagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!","Aww. . .our furry family members. What would we do without these cuties? In return for their unconditional love we tend to their every need, we baby them, we talk to them in high pitched voices (because we think they like it) and we let them get away with some things even our children aren’t allowed to do. Are you with me? I’m guilty as charged.","Meet Belle. Belle came into our family this last February and she just turned 9 months old at the beginning of July. She’s an English Cream Golden Retriever. . . and a complete firecracker. We love her to pieces.","There were certain things I didn’t want her doing that our last golden retriever was famous for. From the beginning, we taught Belle that she was not allowed to:","We’re also crate training her, so to make her feel at home (since she’s not allowed on our bed), we have an oversize crate that she sleeps in at night (we’ve upgraded since a few months ago) and bought Belle, her very own monkey blanket. She likes monkeys? Well, we think so. She likes the blanket, so that means she must like monkeys, too, right? Right.","So, she takes this blanket everywhere. She sleeps with it at night, she takes it on car rides, and once and awhile, she likes to drag it outside into the front yard with her, too. For those of you who have a pup (or a kitty for that matter) that loves to cuddle up with blankets (even those that are not their own) you’re going to start nodding your head after this next statement. . .after some time, the blankets tend to get. . .well, STINKY. Truth.","For those of you who may allow your pets up on your bed (we did for our last dog), you may have the same problem with your comforter or duvet. Because let’s face it, when animals are laying on something soft like a blanket or a comforter, they’re in their happy place.","They’re thinking, “Whew, it’s been a day. Thank goodness for this nice, soft, comfy spot to relax. I think I’ll lay right here and clean myself up real good – lick all the dirt out of my fur and paws. This blanket doesn’t taste half bad either, you know? I think I’ll just chew on it awhile – hmmm. . . maybe just hold it here in my mouth. Hey, there’s a piece of one of my favorite treats stuck to the corner over here. Wow, what a good day – WHAT a good day!”","All I know is what goes through mine when I picked up the blanket and got a whiff of that wonderful doggy odor.","Let’s set the story straight before we get too far along. Belle is really a very clean dog. Belle, herself, does not smell “doggy.” The only time she really smells like a dog is when she’s wet. And all dogs smell like a dog when they’re wet, right? If I’m wrong on this one, let me know, but from my experience, this is the gosh darn truth.","Why am I so caught up about cleanliness? She’s a dog! Yes, she is, but one of my pet peeves (“pet” peeve, get it?) is petting (that may be the most times I’ve said “pet” in a sentence ever) a dog and ending up with a smelly hand. Ick. It just turns me off and I purposely avoid the dog. Which is really sad, because I’m completely and utterly in love with pups.","I do what I can to make sure Belle never turns anyone’s hand ripe. I use Dry Dog Shampoo on her about once a week and give her a deeper cleaning if she ever gets in a real dirty situation.","Ummm. . .like that one. Yep, that was a good day (for her). Boy did she have fun (this happens a lot).","Even though I’m pretty meticulous about keeping Belle clean – over time, even the cleanest pets can muster up enough stink to make you turn up your nose. That’s what happened with Belle’s monkey blanket. I held it up to my nose one day and couldn’t believe what I was smelling. I immediately took it to the laundry room and threw it in the washer – then the dryer – with a couple extra dryer sheets.","When it was dry, I held it up to my nose again. I sniffed even harder and deeper this time. I was so excited to take in that freshly-washed blanket smell. . .but wait, hold on. Something was wrong. I suddenly became disgusted AGAIN. The smell was STILL there! WHAT?!!","Why does this happen? It doesn’t happen with our clothes. What is it about pet smells that just seem to linger? I remember our good friends leaving one of their dogs blankets up at our lake cabin after a nice long holiday weekend. Wow did it stink. Like, fill a room up. . .stink. We put it in a garbage bag, tied it up tight and delivered it as soon as we were able. You know what they ended up doing with it? They threw it out. It was that bad.","So, remembering that incident, and now finding myself in a similar situation, I was on a mission to rid Belle’s monkey blanket of that stubborn doggy smell. Normal laundry detergent and softener just wasn’t cutting it.","I experimented with a few different things before I found the miracle combination – yep, I found it. I finally figured out how to remove pet smells from blankets!","If you’re facing the same stinky dilemma that I was, you best stick around. . . because if you try this, the results are going to blow your mind.","Do a warm water wash and add your detergent to the washer like normal. Throw in the blanket or comforter.","Fill the softener dispenser with 1/2 cup vinegar. If your washer doesn’t have a dispenser add the vinegar during the last rinse cycle.","When the washer stopped, I went to smell my blanket again. This time, there was no doggy smell! None. Zilch. Nada. I ran to tell Josh right away with the blanket in hand. I stuck it right up to his nose yelling, “Smell this!” He initially resisted because he knew what it smelled like before, but when I explained to him I truly did get the smell out this time, he took a big whiff and was as amazed as I was.","You’re running to gather the ingredients already, aren’t you? Well, you should be! I hope this method works as well for you as it did for us. I am completely amazed, and can’t stop sharing my discovery with my friends!","They’ll be talking to me about a movie they just saw and I’ll just reply with, “Do you have any stinky blankets you need cleaned? Like real stinky? Cause’ I know how to get the smell out!” I’ve become a bit “obsessed.” LOL While I wouldn’t recommend you ask crazy questions like this of your friends, my friends have come to completely understand (they’ve known me awhile) my madness.","So, what are you waiting for? Start filling that washer, grab those smelly blankets and bedding and REMOVE THAT DOGGY STINK!!","Notes: I’ve used the hydrogen peroxide each time I’ve done this and I’ve never had a problem with it discoloring her blanket. The peroxide/washing soda combination basically acts like an oxygen bleach – similar to Oxy Clean that you would buy from the store. I do want to mention, however, that I DID use Oxy Clean in one of my earlier attempts to remove the smells and it was unsuccessful.","Spend some time over at their fantastic blog and don’t forget to check them out on social media: Facebook | Twitter | Google + | Pinterest","Ok first your dog is Gorgeous!!! Such a sweetie! I have 2 schnauzers and they are my babies! They do tend to get a little stinky sometimes too. This is a great tip! Thanks for sharing!","This is great! I have a Golden Retriever (we think he is mixed with Collie so lots of hair!) and he LOVES the water! The only downside is the smell afterwards... Thank you for the tips since my daughter always puts a blanket on him... Haha. The colour of your dog is beautiful!","Your doggy is so adorable, Sara! All of that fluffy, white fur is just beautiful on her. 🙂 And I CANNOT WAIT to try this out! We have an English Bulldog who snuggles on anything she can find; pillows, blankets, stuffed animals, whatever! And she can get pretty stinky. This sounds like the solution I’ve been needing!","Belle is so adorable! Animals really do bring so much joy to families but cleaning up after them can be a hassle. Love the tips here! Perfect for so many applications!","I was wondering if this could work in a top loader? I don’t think my dispenser will hold 3/4 cup of cleaner, plus they would mix right away before ever getting near the clothes. Does it matter if the washing soda and vinegar sit together for a bit? Thanks!","Jennifer, my machine is a top loader as well. If you’re concerned about the vinegar mixing right away, just add it during the rinse cycle rather than putting it in the cup for the softener.","tried it, and it came out fresh smelling. the last two comforters had to be thrown away. Thank you for sharing","Hi. I have a front loader. Can u tell me where to add the peroxide? Vinegar? Baking soda? Do I just throw these directly into the drum?","The peroxide should be added to the detergent dispenser and the WASHING SODA (not baking soda) could be added to the drum. The vinegar should go into the softener dispenser. Good luck!","So the regular detergent we use is added to the same place the peroxide goes? So it gets mixed? I initially got it wrong and put the washing soda in the drum, peroxide where detergent goes and vinegar to the fabric softener. It came out ok. Took the sour part of the dog smell out but not all of it. Basically good not great. but I never used detergent. Also are your measurements for a large load? Thanks for any input.","I have a top loader, so I put the detergent and peroxide into the drum with the blanket and I put the vinegar in my softener dispenser. When I wash her blanket I normally don’t wash anything else with it, so it’s a pretty small load. If you’re washing a larger load, try doubling the peroxide and vinegar. Good luck and let me know how it turns out!","Such a great discovery! I will put the dog blankets for washing straightaway! I also have dogs and I know what kind of mess makers there fluffy and adorable doggies are so I am armed with a steam cleaner, Eureka Brushroll vacuum and a doggie bathroom. We spend a lot of time out with the dogs and sometimes after it rains they are very dirty and if you let them in the house like this it could be a disaster! Thanks for the helpful post! 🙂","I get so excited when I hear that someone is going to try this at home. I promise you it works! You’re going to be so impressed!","I have a furry baby the same breed except black. I come home from work -I am a nurse and crawl into bed only to get up and find the frebreze. I’ m ready to retire and getting recipes to make my own cleaning products. I am taking everything off the bed and into the washer.God bless . will be following you.","Thanks Sara for this tip, I knew that baking soda is good to remove pet smells from blankets, but it is better when I use with hydrogen peroxide and vinegar","You are so welcome! Yes, the peroxide really is the magic ingredient I think! Some people have also had luck just washing with baking soda, but I think the hydrogen peroxide is a must!","Where do you find the washing soda? We have 3 fur babies.....2 Yorkies and a English Springer Spaniel (he’s 9 months old). I really need to do this!!!!! ??","Hi Debbie! You have your hands full with those fur babies! 🙂 You can find washing soda in the same aisle as laundry detergent. In our local Walmart it is usually by some of the stain fighting products like Oxiclean, etc.","Did this today with my dogs bed and blanket. It certainly worked and I will be washing his stuff this way from now on!!","I hate having blankets that smell like dog. Don’t get me wrong, I love my dog, but she does not smell very good. So, thanks for the tips on getting the smell out. I have never heard of washing soda before, but I will have to try it out.","I’m very excited to try this tonight! I had two questions, but the first question about where to put everything in a front loader was already asked and answered! Thank you!","I have two catahoula leopards (yes, they are dogs!). Both are about 75 pounds and big babies! Aros is 7 and Barbie is 9.5. Barbie has very sensitive skin to chemicals such as Febreze, so I try to keep her stuff as natural as possible which is why I’m excited for your post.","I can’t wait to hear how your blankets turned out, Jenna. In winter I do throw the blankets in the dryer – in summer, I’ll hang them outside on the side of our deck or a clothesline.","My Olde English Bulldog is very allergic to Febreeze. My vet said most dogs have an allergic reaction to it.","I have 2 Black and Tan Coonhounds and a Bloodhound. They get a good funk going as a pack, but mostly our Bloodhound is the big stinker! I made custom beds out of washable heavy upholstery and couldn’t get the smell out when I washed. I used 1/2 cup Borax, 1/2 cup Oxi Clean, 1/2 cup vodka, 1/4 cup peroxide (in my front loader detergent compartments) and then 1/2 cup vinegar in rinse (fabric softer compartment). Amazing results! Completely smell free when it came out! I freshen up with 1/2 water, 1/2 vodka and a few drops of tea tree oil on beds, chairs, couches, and carpets. Thank you for the wonderful advice.","OMG....thank you so much for this recipe!!! I have two fur babies that like to take over all my blankets and even though they get regular baths they STINK up all my blankets ??. I have washed two loads already and am now washing my towels in the same stuff. Everything smells so fresh!! Now off to bath the fur babies so they smell just as clean!!","I’m so glad it worked so well for you! Glad your blankets, towels and fur babies are now all squeaky clean!","I Dont care to read a novel first, about your dog and then eventually read about the remedy to remove the smells from blankets twenty chapters later.","Thanks for stopping by. I’m sorry you didn’t enjoy reading about our dog, Belle. We’re pretty fond of her around here and she’s part of our family. . .and this site. I hope the recipe works for you and I appreciate you leaving a comment.","Is there a formula using washing soda for something that can’t go in the washer? Say...a stinky outdoor rug that can be hosed down? Thanks for your tips!","You could try hand washing/scrubbing the rug with the same ingredients. Amounts don’t need to be perfect. Just the combination should do the job. Good luck!","I have several dogs, never thought I’d find something that would take that doggie smell away. Thanks for your pin. I tried it and it works. I’m know using it all the time for other smells I want knocked out of my laundry.","I can’t wait to try this! I have 3 fur babies and don’t have an odor problem with the 2 bigger dogs bedding it’s the mini pin chihuahua mix blankets that really smell. I can pre soak & wash multiple times with vinegar, odoBan & detergent, they come out smelling really clean, the problem is when I go to change out her bedding all the clean blankets smell again. I even have to keep her blankets in the garage because they made the closet smell so bad. So my question is does this recipe last longer than just out of the wash?","Penny, I can’t wait to hear if this worked for you and what you think. To make things last longer, maybe you could try applying dry shampoo on your pups between baths. It may keep their bedding smelling nicer for longer, too!","So itll work on any kind of a pee in general? Could I just wash it in warm water with detergent and softener, or will there still me a smell or a stain? My blanket is light purple on the inside and purple floral flowers on the front.","I used this today in my front loader on some stinky dog smell blankets and it worked well, no smell at all. I put the peroxide in with the detergent, the vinegar in the fabric softener dispenser and the washing soda in the drum. Very happy, thank you!","Thank you!! Bought an old couch for the playroom and some of the cushion covers had a dog smell. I’d washed them several times and my bionic nose could still smell it but this actually made them smell sweet!!","This method worked WONDERS for me! Thank you so much! My throw blankets and couch covers always smell faintly dog like even after a wash and I hate offering them to guests but I just tried this method and the smell is ENTIRELY gone! I did a large load of blankets and just doubled the vinegar and peroxide and it worked perfectly. From a fellow pup lover/smell hater, thank you! Next step is to try the dry shampoo!","OMG! It totally worked! I had a group of dog blankets that smelled like...ummmm, frankly, butt! I have had them cleaned many times and they’ve always returned with a foul smell. I tried your recipe and nothing. No butt, no foul! I am so happy...next, the dog bed....thank you for the wonderful suggestion!","I’m so glad it worked for you, Mari! Isn’t it freeing to know you finally discovered a solution to remove the stink?! LOL","Hi there any tips on where to find washing soda? All my local stores only carry there baking soda... anything else that would work that might be easier to find?","Do you have a Walmart close by or are you in the states that you can order online? https://www.walmart.com/ip/Arm-Hammer-Super-Washing-Soda- Booster-55-Oz/19407690","This sounds like a real odor cure. I do have one question, though. Are the proportions you listed for a small, medium or large load? I have 2 queen size fleece blankets that my granddaughter’s dog plopped on while they were in the laundry basket waiting their turn for the dryer. My washer has a huge tub and both will fit at the same time.","I think you should be able to keep the recipe as is and see how the blankets turn out. If you still sense an odor, you can try to strengthen the amount of ingredients used.","This worked like a dream! My granddaughter’s 2 fleece blankets that her huge dog mistakenly cuddled up in were near being trashed, because after 3 attempts with expensive odor removers just failed miserably. I doubled the recipe because the blankets were each queen size, and used less detergent, as the blankets had just been through washings. What a surprise when removing them from the washer! Absolutely no odor. The same result after drying. Thank you, thank you, thank you.","sounds great when you have a blanket, we have 2 Dobermans laying on the outside furniture , what about pillowcases that dont come off the pillow can you make a mixture in a bowl ? or spray it on the pillows ? thanks pieter","Mix all ingredients together in a spray bottle and then spray the pillows. Let me know if this fixes your problem! Good luck!","This totally worked! Thank you so much, Rosie’s Bear blanket used to be my daughters “lovey” and is 21 years old.","Would this combination of items work in a he washer? And, if so, do you add the arm and hammer and perioxide right into the tub or into the detergent cup? Thanks","Thanks so much!! I have a poodle and they aren’t supposed to have a smell but he stinks so bad when he goes even just 1 1/2 weeks without a bath and his blanket and kennel reek of him!","I just put mine in the dryer. Air drying would also be an option if you have a place to hang the blanket up.","Thank you for mentioning that blankets that have been soiled by pet odors could be washed by combining hydrogen peroxide with washing soda. Mom would surely love it that the mixture doesn’t stain and wouldn’t at all harm the soft, furry blanket that the twins use for their pet playtime. This is for simple pet odor and stains though that the cleaners could do themselves. For tougher stains, I’d suggest that Mom consider getting professional pet odor removal.","This mixture is absolutely AMAZING!!! I washed 2 large 1 medium and 2 small blankets all in one load using the exact measurments and no dog smell on any of them!!","I am so glad it worked for you, Sara! It really is pretty incredible. Once you use it, you’re a believer! 🙂","It totally worked! Thank you for posting. I was ready to throw out all my fur baby blankets(6 total) she had gotten sick on them, and could not get the smell out, this was wash attempt number 4, and was finally a success. I’m sharing this with every dog owner I know.","thanks for the tip on how to get rid of that dog smell on blankets... I’m going to try it with Mavericks (dog) jacket. my question is...... The hydrogen peroxide comes a few different ways I’ve seen 3%...6%. unsure which bottle to buy?looking forward to hearing from you, so i can go and wash some somethings Thanks for your time Debbie","We have a black/blue & white bully type dog with adorable crooked ears rescued from death row at a high kill shelter in S. Calif – after flying out there I drove him back to our Midwest home saving his life & he bringing joy to ours. Our effort to help get to “save them all” & not ignore nor contribute to the problem. No restrictions, we keep human sitting surfaces & beds covered with dog blankets. The artificial fibers get to smelling funky over time of normal use, after regurgitation of grass balls, licking paws n such. One thing had worked but the same strong odor retuned in a few days. Cannot wait to try this and hope it knocks out the funk longer. Appreciate you sharing your solution.","Please check back with your results please! Would love to know your thoughts and whether or not the solution worked for you!","THIS WORKED – I AM DELIGHTED!!! It’s been about a month since I used this technique and still no funky odor has returned. Thank you for sharing! I have passed it along to my BFFs – one has a rescued German Shepherd kept in a kennel her whole life used for breeding then dumped at a shelter after she was too old to breed (she had never walked on carpet nor up/down stairs before) and the other two have rescued hunting breed dogs that had been kept in outdoor kennels (which are almost no better than shelters) then dumped by their owners for reasons like they didn’t win hunting titles. For all of our dogs, their new homes are thousands times better than with their former breeders/owners. We all have this same smelly blanket problem because all our dogs are indoors living with their family/pack and get blankets to snuggle in! I am delighted to finally have found a solution to keep them smelling fresh.","And I am DELIGHTED to hear that it worked for you and your friends. Thank you for everything you do for all the pups out there needing help!","Hi I have read through all the comments so far, but no one has asked the question regarding the hydrogen peroxide used in the recipe, what % is the hydrogen peroxide. Here in the UK it is sold in either 3%, 6%, or 9% solutions. I have tried to source solutions above 9% ie 100% & 35% but you need a license to buy chemicals that strong. Would be grateful of a quick answer as the smell is getting bad now. Many Thanks.","Hi Jackie, I believe what I used was 3%. Good luck and let me know how the recipe works for you!","I am so so grateful for this! I have two small dogs and they sleep with me at night. I sleep with two soft blankets in addition to my regular bed spread. My dogs cuddle with me and the blankets at night which resulted in the blankets ending up really smelly. I was really frustrated after washing them several times because they are my personal blankets and I didn’t want to have to throw them out! I was so excited to try this and I’m so glad it worked! Truly a life-saver! Thank you! (ps I know this thread/post is old, but I thought I’d share my thanks anyways!)","Emma, recipes like this one never get old because THEY WORK! So glad it worked for you and I really appreciate you taking the time to comment.","This is great, thank you! Do you have any suggestions for getting all the dog hair out of the blankets at the same time? I pull them out of the washer and they are still covered in hair! Makes me crazy!","So, this may sound crazy but I have a Dyson vacuum and I have my husband and kids hold the corners of the blanket tight while I vacuum it on the lowest setting (both sides). It actually gets quite a bit of the hair out. It’s a bit more difficult if you have short-haired dogs, but it’s worth giving it a try. I would do the vacuuming before throwing the blanket in the washer.","I know this post is a few years old, but I stumbled across this when I was googling “how get pee smell out of blankets”. We have a new puppy and his crate blanket stinks! I was waiting for my special “dog pee” specific cleaner to arrive in the mail so I thought I’d give yours a shot. It worked incredibly! (And the first wash too!)","I have an HE washer. I put the washing soda and peroxide in the drum and the vinger in my softener spot. Then detergent in the normal spot. (I’ve mixed detergent with the peroxide in the detergent slot and that works too) I couldn’t believe how well it worked. Literally no stink!","A week later, I got the other cleaner in the mail. I tried it and the blanket was still stinky after wash! I followed up with your recipe and it came out perfect! I will always use this!","(I tried it on my kids’ stinky hockey clothes and it worked mostly. I think those smells are for life, lol)","I’m so glad it worked for you, Angela! As far as the hockey clothes, maybe a bit of soaking in the solution before immediately washing would help to really penetrate the odors. So glad you found a homemade method that works better than store bought!","I have three Golden Retrievers. They have dog beds with blankets, and we use quilts for car rides in the back of the SUV, and for RV traveling. Although they get baths and grooming regularly, there’s still that stinky dog smell on their bedding. And they weren’t smelling any better after washing them... until I tried your “recipe! Super easy and works like a charm! Thank you so much for sharing!! And your pup is beautiful!","I’m so glad the recipe worked for you! Three golden retrievers? That sounds like heaven and lots of trouble at the same time! LOL I’ll make sure to share this comment with my Belle Boo. 🙂","How does it work on king size comforters? We have two cocker spaniels and a chihuaha and they all three sleep with us at night? I bought the ingredients but just wondering how all this would work on an actual comforter?","Tried everything. The only thing that worked for me was about 3 cups of bleach in wash water with HEX, soaked for a few hours or overnight.","That was after multiple washings with pine sol, vinegar and baking soda. I’ve been working for 3 weeks to get the smell out of a pillow, comforter, sheets and comforter cover I loaned a friend for 2 mos.","I’m a Mid-Western girl with a Type A personality who lives to entertain. I believe it’s the special touches that make all the difference when it comes to family, home and a happy life. Read more","Follow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on Instagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!"]},"parsed_md":"How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to secondary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nDisplay Search Bar\n\nFollow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on\nInstagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\n\nBitz & Giggles\n\nDelicious bitz & tips for a happy life.\n\nJuly 15, 2015\n\n# How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets\n\n6030shares\n\nA big thank you to Maids.com for sponsoring this post.\n\nAww. . .our furry family members. What would we do without these cuties? In\nreturn for their unconditional love we tend to their every need, we baby them,\nwe talk to them in high pitched voices (because we think they like it) and we\nlet them get away with some things even our children aren’t allowed to do. Are\nyou with me? I’m guilty as charged.\n\nMeet Belle. Belle came into our family this last February and she just turned\n9 months old at the beginning of July. She’s an English Cream Golden\nRetriever. . . and a complete firecracker. We love her to pieces.\n\nWhen we brought her home, it was important to set some ground rules around the\nhouse right away.\n\nThere were certain things I didn’t want her doing that our last golden\nretriever was famous for. From the beginning, we taught Belle that she was not\nallowed to:\n\n * Jump up on guests (or anyone for that matter)\n * Eat people food\n * Jump, climb, lay or sleep on our furniture (including our beds)\n\nWe’re also crate training her, so to make her feel at home (since she’s not\nallowed on our bed), we have an oversize crate that she sleeps in at night\n(we’ve upgraded since a few months ago) and bought Belle, her very own monkey\nblanket. She likes monkeys? Well, we think so. She likes the blanket, so that\nmeans she must like monkeys, too, right? Right.\n\nSo, she takes this blanket everywhere. She sleeps with it at night, she takes\nit on car rides, and once and awhile, she likes to drag it outside into the\nfront yard with her, too. For those of you who have a pup (or a kitty for that\nmatter) that loves to cuddle up with blankets (even those that are not their\nown) you’re going to start nodding your head after this next statement. .\n.after some time, the blankets tend to get. . .well, STINKY. Truth.\n\nFor those of you who may allow your pets up on your bed (we did for our last\ndog), you may have the same problem with your comforter or duvet. Because\nlet’s face it, when animals are laying on something soft like a blanket or a\ncomforter, they’re in their happy place.\n\nThey’re thinking, “Whew, it’s been a day. Thank goodness for this nice, soft,\ncomfy spot to relax. I think I’ll lay right here and clean myself up real good\n– lick all the dirt out of my fur and paws. This blanket doesn’t taste half\nbad either, you know? I think I’ll just chew on it awhile – hmmm. . . maybe\njust hold it here in my mouth. Hey, there’s a piece of one of my favorite\ntreats stuck to the corner over here. Wow, what a good day – WHAT a good day!”\n\nYou can only imagine what goes through their fuzzy little minds.\n\nAll I know is what goes through mine when I picked up the blanket and got a\nwhiff of that wonderful doggy odor.\n\nLet’s set the story straight before we get too far along. Belle is really a\nvery clean dog. Belle, herself, does not smell “doggy.” The only time she\nreally smells like a dog is when she’s wet. And all dogs smell like a dog when\nthey’re wet, right? If I’m wrong on this one, let me know, but from my\nexperience, this is the gosh darn truth.\n\nWhy am I so caught up about cleanliness? She’s a dog! Yes, she is, but one of\nmy pet peeves (“pet” peeve, get it?) is petting (that may be the most times\nI’ve said “pet” in a sentence ever) a dog and ending up with a smelly hand.\nIck. It just turns me off and I purposely avoid the dog. Which is really sad,\nbecause I’m completely and utterly in love with pups.\n\nI do what I can to make sure Belle never turns anyone’s hand ripe. I use Dry\nDog Shampoo on her about once a week and give her a deeper cleaning if she\never gets in a real dirty situation.\n\nUmmm. . .like that one. Yep, that was a good day (for her). Boy did she have\nfun (this happens a lot).\n\nEven though I’m pretty meticulous about keeping Belle clean – over time, even\nthe cleanest pets can muster up enough stink to make you turn up your nose.\nThat’s what happened with Belle’s monkey blanket. I held it up to my nose one\nday and couldn’t believe what I was smelling. I immediately took it to the\nlaundry room and threw it in the washer – then the dryer – with a couple extra\ndryer sheets.\n\nWhen it was dry, I held it up to my nose again. I sniffed even harder and\ndeeper this time. I was so excited to take in that freshly-washed blanket\nsmell. . .but wait, hold on. Something was wrong. I suddenly became disgusted\nAGAIN. The smell was STILL there! WHAT?!!\n\nWhy does this happen? It doesn’t happen with our clothes. What is it about pet\nsmells that just seem to linger? I remember our good friends leaving one of\ntheir dogs blankets up at our lake cabin after a nice long holiday weekend.\nWow did it stink. Like, fill a room up. . .stink. We put it in a garbage bag,\ntied it up tight and delivered it as soon as we were able. You know what they\nended up doing with it? They threw it out. It was that bad.\n\nSo, remembering that incident, and now finding myself in a similar situation,\nI was on a mission to rid Belle’s monkey blanket of that stubborn doggy smell.\nNormal laundry detergent and softener just wasn’t cutting it.\n\nI experimented with a few different things before I found the miracle\ncombination – yep, I found it. I finally figured out how to remove pet smells\nfrom blankets!\n\nIf you’re facing the same stinky dilemma that I was, you best stick around. .\n. because if you try this, the results are going to blow your mind.\n\nSo here’s what you’re going to need IN ADDITION to your normal laundry\ndetergent:\n\nIngredients\n\n * 1/2 cup Arm & Hammer Super Washing Soda (not to be confused with baking soda; WASHING soda)\n * 1/4 cup hydrogen peroxide\n * 1/2 cup white or apple cider vinegar\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Do a warm water wash and add your detergent to the washer like normal. Throw in the blanket or comforter.\n 2. Add 1/2 cup of super washing soda.\n 3. Add 1/4 cup of hydrogen peroxide\n 4. Fill the softener dispenser with 1/2 cup vinegar. If your washer doesn’t have a dispenser add the vinegar during the last rinse cycle.\n\nThat’s it!\n\nWhen the washer stopped, I went to smell my blanket again. This time, there\nwas no doggy smell! None. Zilch. Nada. I ran to tell Josh right away with the\nblanket in hand. I stuck it right up to his nose yelling, “Smell this!” He\ninitially resisted because he knew what it smelled like before, but when I\nexplained to him I truly did get the smell out this time, he took a big whiff\nand was as amazed as I was.\n\nYou’re running to gather the ingredients already, aren’t you? Well, you should\nbe! I hope this method works as well for you as it did for us. I am completely\namazed, and can’t stop sharing my discovery with my friends!\n\nThey’ll be talking to me about a movie they just saw and I’ll just reply with,\n“Do you have any stinky blankets you need cleaned? Like real stinky? Cause’ I\nknow how to get the smell out!” I’ve become a bit “obsessed.” LOL While I\nwouldn’t recommend you ask crazy questions like this of your friends, my\nfriends have come to completely understand (they’ve known me awhile) my\nmadness.\n\nSo, what are you waiting for? Start filling that washer, grab those smelly\nblankets and bedding and REMOVE THAT DOGGY STINK!!\n\nNotes: I’ve used the hydrogen peroxide each time I’ve done this and I’ve never\nhad a problem with it discoloring her blanket. The peroxide/washing soda\ncombination basically acts like an oxygen bleach – similar to Oxy Clean that\nyou would buy from the store. I do want to mention, however, that I DID use\nOxy Clean in one of my earlier attempts to remove the smells and it was\nunsuccessful.\n\n# LOOKING FOR MORE CLEAN PET INSPIRATION?\n\nCheck out the FIVE MUST-HAVE CLEANING TOOLS FOR PET OWNERS from our partner\nMaids.com.\n\nSpend some time over at their fantastic blog and don’t forget to check them\nout on social media: Facebook | Twitter | Google + | Pinterest\n\n(Visited 132,685 times, 1 visits today)\n\n### Related\n\nShare this Post\n\nPrevious Post\n\nNext Post\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n 1. Chandra@The Plaid & Paisley Kitchen says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 7:57 am\n\nOk first your dog is Gorgeous!!! Such a sweetie! I have 2 schnauzers and they\nare my babies! They do tend to get a little stinky sometimes too. This is a\ngreat tip! Thanks for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:18 pm\n\nThank you, Chandra! Your babies sound super sweet! Hope you try this solution!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Kacey @ The Cookie Writer says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 10:07 am\n\nThis is great! I have a Golden Retriever (we think he is mixed with Collie so\nlots of hair!) and he LOVES the water! The only downside is the smell\nafterwards... Thank you for the tips since my daughter always puts a blanket\non him... Haha. The colour of your dog is beautiful!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:16 pm\n\nThank you, Kacey! Your pup sounds adorable! Yes, you need to try this next\ntime you wash his blanket!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Michelle @ Blackberry Babe says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 10:36 am\n\nThis is so super helpful! I always wash our blankets after my in-laws bring\ntheir dogs for a visit.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:16 pm\n\nMichelle, this solution is sure to take any pet smells out when your guests\nleave!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Justine | Cooking and Beer says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 11:13 am\n\nOH MY GOODNESS! Belle is absolutely beautiful! Love this post and love these\ntips! Thanks for sharing with us!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:15 pm\n\nAwww, thank you, Justine! She’s sure brought a lot of joy and excitement to\nour lives!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Ashlyn @ Belle of the Kitchen says\n\nJuly 16, 2015 at 12:43 am\n\nYour doggy is so adorable, Sara! All of that fluffy, white fur is just\nbeautiful on her. 🙂 And I CANNOT WAIT to try this out! We have an English\nBulldog who snuggles on anything she can find; pillows, blankets, stuffed\nanimals, whatever! And she can get pretty stinky. This sounds like the\nsolution I’ve been needing!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Meg @ The Housewife in Training Files says\n\nJuly 16, 2015 at 3:50 pm\n\nBelle is so adorable! Animals really do bring so much joy to families but\ncleaning up after them can be a hassle. Love the tips here! Perfect for so\nmany applications!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Jennifer says\n\nJuly 21, 2015 at 10:57 pm\n\nI was wondering if this could work in a top loader? I don’t think my dispenser\nwill hold 3/4 cup of cleaner, plus they would mix right away before ever\ngetting near the clothes. Does it matter if the washing soda and vinegar sit\ntogether for a bit? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 10:03 pm\n\nJennifer, my machine is a top loader as well. If you’re concerned about the\nvinegar mixing right away, just add it during the rinse cycle rather than\nputting it in the cup for the softener.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Roxie says\n\nAugust 10, 2015 at 6:02 pm\n\ntried it, and it came out fresh smelling. the last two comforters had to be\nthrown away. Thank you for sharing\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 11, 2015 at 7:49 pm\n\nOh I’m so glad it worked well for you, Roxie! It really is incredible! Thanks\nfor your comment!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Jamie says\n\nNovember 28, 2015 at 8:45 am\n\nHi. I have a front loader. Can u tell me where to add the peroxide? Vinegar?\nBaking soda? Do I just throw these directly into the drum?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 29, 2015 at 9:27 pm\n\nThe peroxide should be added to the detergent dispenser and the WASHING SODA\n(not baking soda) could be added to the drum. The vinegar should go into the\nsoftener dispenser. Good luck!\n\nReply\n\n * M says\n\nSeptember 9, 2016 at 3:42 pm\n\nSo the regular detergent we use is added to the same place the peroxide goes?\nSo it gets mixed? I initially got it wrong and put the washing soda in the\ndrum, peroxide where detergent goes and vinegar to the fabric softener. It\ncame out ok. Took the sour part of the dog smell out but not all of it.\nBasically good not great. but I never used detergent. Also are your\nmeasurements for a large load? Thanks for any input.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 10, 2016 at 10:13 pm\n\nI have a top loader, so I put the detergent and peroxide into the drum with\nthe blanket and I put the vinegar in my softener dispenser. When I wash her\nblanket I normally don’t wash anything else with it, so it’s a pretty small\nload. If you’re washing a larger load, try doubling the peroxide and vinegar.\nGood luck and let me know how it turns out!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Kristi Saunders says\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 9:15 am\n\nSuch a great discovery! I will put the dog blankets for washing straightaway!\nI also have dogs and I know what kind of mess makers there fluffy and adorable\ndoggies are so I am armed with a steam cleaner, Eureka Brushroll vacuum and a\ndoggie bathroom. We spend a lot of time out with the dogs and sometimes after\nit rains they are very dirty and if you let them in the house like this it\ncould be a disaster! Thanks for the helpful post! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 8:27 pm\n\nI get so excited when I hear that someone is going to try this at home. I\npromise you it works! You’re going to be so impressed!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Corey says\n\nJanuary 22, 2016 at 6:01 pm\n\nHi! Do you know if this is OK to do in a high efficiency washer?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJanuary 24, 2016 at 2:39 pm\n\nI wouldn’t see why not, Corey!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Barb Carroll says\n\nJanuary 29, 2016 at 6:07 pm\n\nI have a furry baby the same breed except black. I come home from work -I am a\nnurse and crawl into bed only to get up and find the frebreze. I’ m ready to\nretire and getting recipes to make my own cleaning products. I am taking\neverything off the bed and into the washer.God bless . will be following you.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Maria says\n\nFebruary 21, 2016 at 8:07 pm\n\nThanks Sara for this tip, I knew that baking soda is good to remove pet smells\nfrom blankets, but it is better when I use with hydrogen peroxide and vinegar\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nFebruary 21, 2016 at 9:24 pm\n\nYou are so welcome! Yes, the peroxide really is the magic ingredient I think!\nSome people have also had luck just washing with baking soda, but I think the\nhydrogen peroxide is a must!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Debbie says\n\nApril 11, 2016 at 8:11 am\n\nWhere do you find the washing soda? We have 3 fur babies.....2 Yorkies and a\nEnglish Springer Spaniel (he’s 9 months old). I really need to do this!!!!! ??\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 11, 2016 at 8:34 am\n\nHi Debbie! You have your hands full with those fur babies! 🙂 You can find\nwashing soda in the same aisle as laundry detergent. In our local Walmart it\nis usually by some of the stain fighting products like Oxiclean, etc.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Raven says\n\nJune 16, 2016 at 4:51 pm\n\nDid this today with my dogs bed and blanket. It certainly worked and I will be\nwashing his stuff this way from now on!!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJune 18, 2016 at 11:17 pm\n\nIsn’t it amazing?! So glad it worked for you!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Silas Knight says\n\nJuly 22, 2016 at 3:22 pm\n\nI hate having blankets that smell like dog. Don’t get me wrong, I love my dog,\nbut she does not smell very good. So, thanks for the tips on getting the smell\nout. I have never heard of washing soda before, but I will have to try it out.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Jenna jensen says\n\nSeptember 4, 2016 at 8:17 pm\n\nI’m very excited to try this tonight! I had two questions, but the first\nquestion about where to put everything in a front loader was already asked and\nanswered! Thank you!\n\nMy second question is on how to dry?\n\nI have two catahoula leopards (yes, they are dogs!). Both are about 75 pounds\nand big babies! Aros is 7 and Barbie is 9.5. Barbie has very sensitive skin to\nchemicals such as Febreze, so I try to keep her stuff as natural as possible\nwhich is why I’m excited for your post.\n\nThank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 7, 2016 at 5:44 am\n\nI can’t wait to hear how your blankets turned out, Jenna. In winter I do throw\nthe blankets in the dryer – in summer, I’ll hang them outside on the side of\nour deck or a clothesline.\n\nReply\n\n * Barb Roy says\n\nMay 16, 2017 at 7:54 pm\n\nMy Olde English Bulldog is very allergic to Febreeze. My vet said most dogs\nhave an allergic reaction to it.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Michelle says\n\nJanuary 16, 2017 at 4:57 pm\n\nI have 2 Black and Tan Coonhounds and a Bloodhound. They get a good funk going\nas a pack, but mostly our Bloodhound is the big stinker! I made custom beds\nout of washable heavy upholstery and couldn’t get the smell out when I washed.\nI used 1/2 cup Borax, 1/2 cup Oxi Clean, 1/2 cup vodka, 1/4 cup peroxide (in\nmy front loader detergent compartments) and then 1/2 cup vinegar in rinse\n(fabric softer compartment). Amazing results! Completely smell free when it\ncame out! I freshen up with 1/2 water, 1/2 vodka and a few drops of tea tree\noil on beds, chairs, couches, and carpets. Thank you for the wonderful advice.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Shelleen says\n\nMarch 18, 2017 at 11:24 am\n\nOMG....thank you so much for this recipe!!! I have two fur babies that like to\ntake over all my blankets and even though they get regular baths they STINK up\nall my blankets ??. I have washed two loads already and am now washing my\ntowels in the same stuff. Everything smells so fresh!! Now off to bath the fur\nbabies so they smell just as clean!!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 21, 2017 at 10:14 pm\n\nI’m so glad it worked so well for you! Glad your blankets, towels and fur\nbabies are now all squeaky clean!\n\nReply\n\n 20. anon says\n\nJune 16, 2017 at 4:03 pm\n\nJust get to the point.\n\nI Dont care to read a novel first, about your dog and then eventually read\nabout the remedy to remove the smells from blankets twenty chapters later.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJune 16, 2017 at 11:07 pm\n\nThanks for stopping by. I’m sorry you didn’t enjoy reading about our dog,\nBelle. We’re pretty fond of her around here and she’s part of our family. .\n.and this site. I hope the recipe works for you and I appreciate you leaving a\ncomment.\n\nReply\n\n 21. Priscilla says\n\nSeptember 25, 2017 at 9:46 am\n\nIs there a formula using washing soda for something that can’t go in the\nwasher? Say...a stinky outdoor rug that can be hosed down? Thanks for your\ntips!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 28, 2017 at 6:45 pm\n\nYou could try hand washing/scrubbing the rug with the same ingredients.\nAmounts don’t need to be perfect. Just the combination should do the job. Good\nluck!\n\nReply\n\n 22. Anna R says\n\nNovember 3, 2017 at 10:41 am\n\nI have several dogs, never thought I’d find something that would take that\ndoggie smell away. Thanks for your pin. I tried it and it works. I’m know\nusing it all the time for other smells I want knocked out of my laundry.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 6, 2017 at 9:38 pm\n\nIt’s amazing isn’t it? People never believe me when I tell them the recipe\nREALLY works! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 23. Penny says\n\nNovember 14, 2017 at 11:51 am\n\nI can’t wait to try this! I have 3 fur babies and don’t have an odor problem\nwith the 2 bigger dogs bedding it’s the mini pin chihuahua mix blankets that\nreally smell. I can pre soak & wash multiple times with vinegar, odoBan &\ndetergent, they come out smelling really clean, the problem is when I go to\nchange out her bedding all the clean blankets smell again. I even have to keep\nher blankets in the garage because they made the closet smell so bad. So my\nquestion is does this recipe last longer than just out of the wash?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 17, 2017 at 6:53 pm\n\nPenny, I can’t wait to hear if this worked for you and what you think. To make\nthings last longer, maybe you could try applying dry shampoo on your pups\nbetween baths. It may keep their bedding smelling nicer for longer, too!\n\nReply\n\n 24. Marlena says\n\nMarch 2, 2018 at 1:23 am\n\nWill this work on animal pee too?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 3, 2018 at 10:08 pm\n\nYes it will! Good luck and let me know your thoughts on the results!\n\nReply\n\n * Marlena says\n\nMarch 7, 2018 at 3:18 am\n\nSo itll work on any kind of a pee in general? Could I just wash it in warm\nwater with detergent and softener, or will there still me a smell or a stain?\nMy blanket is light purple on the inside and purple floral flowers on the\nfront.\n\nReply\n\n 25. massie block says\n\nMarch 5, 2018 at 5:18 pm\n\ni tried this and really wanted it to work.....sadly, it did not.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 9, 2018 at 7:19 am\n\nOh no, really?! What kind of smell were you trying to get out?\n\nReply\n\n 26. Beth Fabel says\n\nMarch 19, 2018 at 10:59 pm\n\nI used this today in my front loader on some stinky dog smell blankets and it\nworked well, no smell at all. I put the peroxide in with the detergent, the\nvinegar in the fabric softener dispenser and the washing soda in the drum.\nVery happy, thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 23, 2018 at 10:43 pm\n\nOh, I’m so happy it worked for you! You are welcome!\n\nReply\n\n 27. Missy says\n\nApril 10, 2018 at 10:47 pm\n\nThank you!! Bought an old couch for the playroom and some of the cushion\ncovers had a dog smell. I’d washed them several times and my bionic nose could\nstill smell it but this actually made them smell sweet!!\n\nAlso, I didn’t have washing powder so I used Borax, and it worked great.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 13, 2018 at 2:30 pm\n\nAwesome! So glad it worked and it’s great to know you can sub Borax for the\nwashing powder!\n\nReply\n\n 28. Kirsten says\n\nMay 27, 2018 at 12:54 pm\n\nThis method worked WONDERS for me! Thank you so much! My throw blankets and\ncouch covers always smell faintly dog like even after a wash and I hate\noffering them to guests but I just tried this method and the smell is ENTIRELY\ngone! I did a large load of blankets and just doubled the vinegar and peroxide\nand it worked perfectly. From a fellow pup lover/smell hater, thank you! Next\nstep is to try the dry shampoo!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMay 30, 2018 at 6:55 pm\n\nI’m so glad it worked for you Kirsten!! It’s pretty amazing, isn’t it?!\n\nReply\n\n 29. Mari says\n\nJuly 9, 2018 at 12:48 pm\n\nOMG! It totally worked! I had a group of dog blankets that smelled\nlike...ummmm, frankly, butt! I have had them cleaned many times and they’ve\nalways returned with a foul smell. I tried your recipe and nothing. No butt,\nno foul! I am so happy...next, the dog bed....thank you for the wonderful\nsuggestion!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 18, 2018 at 2:43 pm\n\nI’m so glad it worked for you, Mari! Isn’t it freeing to know you finally\ndiscovered a solution to remove the stink?! LOL\n\nReply\n\n 30. Csp says\n\nAugust 1, 2018 at 9:37 am\n\nHi there any tips on where to find washing soda? All my local stores only\ncarry there baking soda... anything else that would work that might be easier\nto find?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 3, 2018 at 10:38 pm\n\nDo you have a Walmart close by or are you in the states that you can order\nonline? https://www.walmart.com/ip/Arm-Hammer-Super-Washing-Soda-\nBooster-55-Oz/19407690\n\nReply\n\n 31. Mary Kay Hawkshead says\n\nAugust 24, 2018 at 9:06 am\n\nThis sounds like a real odor cure. I do have one question, though. Are the\nproportions you listed for a small, medium or large load? I have 2 queen size\nfleece blankets that my granddaughter’s dog plopped on while they were in the\nlaundry basket waiting their turn for the dryer. My washer has a huge tub and\nboth will fit at the same time.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 25, 2018 at 10:53 am\n\nI think you should be able to keep the recipe as is and see how the blankets\nturn out. If you still sense an odor, you can try to strengthen the amount of\ningredients used.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Mary Kay Hawkshead says\n\nAugust 27, 2018 at 8:05 am\n\nThis worked like a dream! My granddaughter’s 2 fleece blankets that her huge\ndog mistakenly cuddled up in were near being trashed, because after 3 attempts\nwith expensive odor removers just failed miserably. I doubled the recipe\nbecause the blankets were each queen size, and used less detergent, as the\nblankets had just been through washings. What a surprise when removing them\nfrom the washer! Absolutely no odor. The same result after drying. Thank you,\nthank you, thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 33. pieter says\n\nAugust 27, 2018 at 1:45 pm\n\nsounds great when you have a blanket, we have 2 Dobermans laying on the\noutside furniture , what about pillowcases that dont come off the pillow can\nyou make a mixture in a bowl ? or spray it on the pillows ? thanks pieter\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 2, 2018 at 11:27 pm\n\nFor a pillow spray, try this:\n\n1 cup hydrogen peroxide 1 tsp baking soda 1 drop liquid dish soap (I use Dawn)\n\nMix all ingredients together in a spray bottle and then spray the pillows. Let\nme know if this fixes your problem! Good luck!\n\nReply\n\n 34. Jeanette says\n\nAugust 30, 2018 at 9:18 am\n\nThis totally worked! Thank you so much, Rosie’s Bear blanket used to be my\ndaughters “lovey” and is 21 years old.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 2, 2018 at 11:07 pm\n\nI’m so glad, Jeanette!\n\nReply\n\n 35. virginia english says\n\nSeptember 3, 2018 at 7:21 am\n\nWould this combination of items work in a he washer? And, if so, do you add\nthe arm and hammer and perioxide right into the tub or into the detergent cup?\nThanks\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 4, 2018 at 10:45 am\n\nI would add the washing soda to the detergent cup and the peroxide to the\nbleach dispenser.\n\nReply\n\n 36. Hadassah says\n\nSeptember 19, 2018 at 11:17 am\n\nThanks so much!! I have a poodle and they aren’t supposed to have a smell but\nhe stinks so bad when he goes even just 1 1/2 weeks without a bath and his\nblanket and kennel reek of him!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 3, 2018 at 9:51 am\n\nHow did the recipe work out for you, Hadassah?\n\nReply\n\n 37. Lawrence says\n\nSeptember 25, 2018 at 12:00 am\n\nSome great ideas there. Very useful.\n\nReply\n\n 38. robert says\n\nOctober 29, 2018 at 1:09 pm\n\nHey there thanks for the tips. Pure awesomeness. How do you reccomend drying\nthe blanket afterwards?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 17, 2018 at 11:33 pm\n\nI just put mine in the dryer. Air drying would also be an option if you have a\nplace to hang the blanket up.\n\nReply\n\n 39. Yesenia says\n\nNovember 4, 2018 at 8:35 pm\n\nThere’s still a faint smell of dog on everything I washed using this method D:\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 21, 2018 at 10:47 pm\n\nI would put everything through the same cycle again. This method has worked\nfor me every time.\n\nReply\n\n 40. Angel Bogart says\n\nMarch 18, 2019 at 8:22 pm\n\nThank you for mentioning that blankets that have been soiled by pet odors\ncould be washed by combining hydrogen peroxide with washing soda. Mom would\nsurely love it that the mixture doesn’t stain and wouldn’t at all harm the\nsoft, furry blanket that the twins use for their pet playtime. This is for\nsimple pet odor and stains though that the cleaners could do themselves. For\ntougher stains, I’d suggest that Mom consider getting professional pet odor\nremoval.\n\nReply\n\n 41. Sara says\n\nApril 14, 2019 at 5:49 pm\n\nThis mixture is absolutely AMAZING!!! I washed 2 large 1 medium and 2 small\nblankets all in one load using the exact measurments and no dog smell on any\nof them!!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 18, 2019 at 9:35 pm\n\nI am so glad it worked for you, Sara! It really is pretty incredible. Once you\nuse it, you’re a believer! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 42. Jennifer says\n\nMay 15, 2019 at 7:30 pm\n\nIt totally worked! Thank you for posting. I was ready to throw out all my fur\nbaby blankets(6 total) she had gotten sick on them, and could not get the\nsmell out, this was wash attempt number 4, and was finally a success. I’m\nsharing this with every dog owner I know.\n\nReply\n\n 43. Debbie Hunt says\n\nJune 26, 2019 at 10:31 am\n\nthanks for the tip on how to get rid of that dog smell on blankets... I’m\ngoing to try it with Mavericks (dog) jacket. my question is...... The hydrogen\nperoxide comes a few different ways I’ve seen 3%...6%. unsure which bottle to\nbuy?looking forward to hearing from you, so i can go and wash some somethings\nThanks for your time Debbie\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJune 29, 2019 at 12:05 am\n\nDebbie, I would use 3%. Let me know how your blankets turn out!\n\nReply\n\n 44. Saskia says\n\nAugust 12, 2019 at 9:51 am\n\nDo you think I could make this work for hand wash?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 19, 2019 at 10:27 pm\n\nYes! I would try and soak the blanket in the solution for awhile before hand\nwashing.\n\nReply\n\n 45. Millicent says\n\nAugust 28, 2019 at 5:32 pm\n\nWe have a black/blue & white bully type dog with adorable crooked ears rescued\nfrom death row at a high kill shelter in S. Calif – after flying out there I\ndrove him back to our Midwest home saving his life & he bringing joy to ours.\nOur effort to help get to “save them all” & not ignore nor contribute to the\nproblem. No restrictions, we keep human sitting surfaces & beds covered with\ndog blankets. The artificial fibers get to smelling funky over time of normal\nuse, after regurgitation of grass balls, licking paws n such. One thing had\nworked but the same strong odor retuned in a few days. Cannot wait to try this\nand hope it knocks out the funk longer. Appreciate you sharing your solution.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 6, 2019 at 10:08 pm\n\nPlease check back with your results please! Would love to know your thoughts\nand whether or not the solution worked for you!\n\nReply\n\n * Millicent says\n\nSeptember 29, 2019 at 12:42 pm\n\nTHIS WORKED – I AM DELIGHTED!!! It’s been about a month since I used this\ntechnique and still no funky odor has returned. Thank you for sharing! I have\npassed it along to my BFFs – one has a rescued German Shepherd kept in a\nkennel her whole life used for breeding then dumped at a shelter after she was\ntoo old to breed (she had never walked on carpet nor up/down stairs before)\nand the other two have rescued hunting breed dogs that had been kept in\noutdoor kennels (which are almost no better than shelters) then dumped by\ntheir owners for reasons like they didn’t win hunting titles. For all of our\ndogs, their new homes are thousands times better than with their former\nbreeders/owners. We all have this same smelly blanket problem because all our\ndogs are indoors living with their family/pack and get blankets to snuggle in!\nI am delighted to finally have found a solution to keep them smelling fresh.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 1, 2019 at 8:44 am\n\nAnd I am DELIGHTED to hear that it worked for you and your friends. Thank you\nfor everything you do for all the pups out there needing help!\n\nReply\n\n 46. Jackie says\n\nApril 2, 2020 at 9:57 am\n\nHi I have read through all the comments so far, but no one has asked the\nquestion regarding the hydrogen peroxide used in the recipe, what % is the\nhydrogen peroxide. Here in the UK it is sold in either 3%, 6%, or 9%\nsolutions. I have tried to source solutions above 9% ie 100% & 35% but you\nneed a license to buy chemicals that strong. Would be grateful of a quick\nanswer as the smell is getting bad now. Many Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 2, 2020 at 9:06 pm\n\nHi Jackie, I believe what I used was 3%. Good luck and let me know how the\nrecipe works for you!\n\nReply\n\n 47. Emma says\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 5:30 am\n\nI am so so grateful for this! I have two small dogs and they sleep with me at\nnight. I sleep with two soft blankets in addition to my regular bed spread. My\ndogs cuddle with me and the blankets at night which resulted in the blankets\nending up really smelly. I was really frustrated after washing them several\ntimes because they are my personal blankets and I didn’t want to have to throw\nthem out! I was so excited to try this and I’m so glad it worked! Truly a\nlife-saver! Thank you! (ps I know this thread/post is old, but I thought I’d\nshare my thanks anyways!)\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 5:09 pm\n\nEmma, recipes like this one never get old because THEY WORK! So glad it worked\nfor you and I really appreciate you taking the time to comment.\n\nReply\n\n 48. Joanie Kirkpatrick says\n\nJuly 16, 2020 at 8:36 am\n\nThis is great, thank you! Do you have any suggestions for getting all the dog\nhair out of the blankets at the same time? I pull them out of the washer and\nthey are still covered in hair! Makes me crazy!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 18, 2020 at 8:52 pm\n\nSo, this may sound crazy but I have a Dyson vacuum and I have my husband and\nkids hold the corners of the blanket tight while I vacuum it on the lowest\nsetting (both sides). It actually gets quite a bit of the hair out. It’s a bit\nmore difficult if you have short-haired dogs, but it’s worth giving it a try.\nI would do the vacuuming before throwing the blanket in the washer.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Angela says\n\nAugust 11, 2020 at 10:04 am\n\nI know this post is a few years old, but I stumbled across this when I was\ngoogling “how get pee smell out of blankets”. We have a new puppy and his\ncrate blanket stinks! I was waiting for my special “dog pee” specific cleaner\nto arrive in the mail so I thought I’d give yours a shot. It worked\nincredibly! (And the first wash too!)\n\nI have an HE washer. I put the washing soda and peroxide in the drum and the\nvinger in my softener spot. Then detergent in the normal spot. (I’ve mixed\ndetergent with the peroxide in the detergent slot and that works too) I\ncouldn’t believe how well it worked. Literally no stink!\n\nA week later, I got the other cleaner in the mail. I tried it and the blanket\nwas still stinky after wash! I followed up with your recipe and it came out\nperfect! I will always use this!\n\n(I tried it on my kids’ stinky hockey clothes and it worked mostly. I think\nthose smells are for life, lol)\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 14, 2020 at 7:37 am\n\nI’m so glad it worked for you, Angela! As far as the hockey clothes, maybe a\nbit of soaking in the solution before immediately washing would help to really\npenetrate the odors. So glad you found a homemade method that works better\nthan store bought!\n\nReply\n\n 50. Largo says\n\nAugust 11, 2020 at 8:50 pm\n\nI have three Golden Retrievers. They have dog beds with blankets, and we use\nquilts for car rides in the back of the SUV, and for RV traveling. Although\nthey get baths and grooming regularly, there’s still that stinky dog smell on\ntheir bedding. And they weren’t smelling any better after washing them...\nuntil I tried your “recipe! Super easy and works like a charm! Thank you so\nmuch for sharing!! And your pup is beautiful!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 14, 2020 at 7:35 am\n\nI’m so glad the recipe worked for you! Three golden retrievers? That sounds\nlike heaven and lots of trouble at the same time! LOL I’ll make sure to share\nthis comment with my Belle Boo. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 51. Courtney Daniels says\n\nOctober 19, 2020 at 9:30 am\n\nHow does it work on king size comforters? We have two cocker spaniels and a\nchihuaha and they all three sleep with us at night? I bought the ingredients\nbut just wondering how all this would work on an actual comforter?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 20, 2020 at 1:26 pm\n\nIt should work just fine on a king size comforter!\n\nReply\n\n * Courtney Daniels says\n\nOctober 24, 2020 at 6:52 am\n\nSo use the same amount of ingredients with the comforter?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 26, 2020 at 9:23 pm\n\nYes! Let us know your results!\n\nReply\n\n 52. Peggy Sands says\n\nNovember 21, 2020 at 1:55 pm\n\nTried everything. The only thing that worked for me was about 3 cups of bleach\nin wash water with HEX, soaked for a few hours or overnight.\n\nThat was after multiple washings with pine sol, vinegar and baking soda. I’ve\nbeen working for 3 weeks to get the smell out of a pillow, comforter, sheets\nand comforter cover I loaned a friend for 2 mos.\n\nGood luck everyone.\n\nReply\n\n * Peggy Sands says\n\nNovember 21, 2020 at 1:56 pm\n\noh and then leave it in the sun / outside for awhile.\n\nReply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Hi, I'm Sara!\n\nI’m a Mid-Western girl with a Type A personality who lives to entertain. I\nbelieve it’s the special touches that make all the difference when it comes to\nfamily, home and a happy life. Read more\n\n### Subscribe by Email\n\n * About\n * Contact\n * Work with Me\n\nFollow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on\nInstagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\n\n© 2020 Bitz and GigglesPrivacy Policy\n\nWebsite Design by Melissa Rose Design\n\n·\n\nDevelopment by Once Coupled\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20191119014738/http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html","parsed_text":{"title":"The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?","passages":["A It is possible to clean carpet reasonably well with a machine you rent. That said, you should also recognize that a good professional probably would do a better job. And if you anticipate tackling the job frequently on your own, you might be better off buying a deep-cleaning machine, which works similarly to the rental machines.","With all of these options, the basic cleaning method is the same. Although it's often called steam cleaning, the process doesn't use actual steam. First a solution of detergent and water is spread over the carpet and worked into the fibers. Then it is rinsed out -- along with the grime -- by vacuuming up as much moisture as possible. (Other approaches to carpet cleaning, such as buffing fibers with absorbent pads or working in absorbent powder and then vacuuming it out, don't work as well, according to research done by Shaw Industries Inc., the world's largest carpet manufacturer.)","Professionals with truck-mounted equipment have the edge in several ways. Because they clean carpets day after day, they aren't as likely to make mistakes such as using too much detergent or neglecting to rinse away all residue. Also, the trucks deliver hot water, which boosts the detergent's effectiveness. With a rental machine, the best you can do is to pour hot water into the mixing tank and hope it doesn't cool off too much as you clean. Finally, professionals benefit from having more powerful vacuum systems. Because they remove more water, it's possible to rinse more thoroughly. The amount of water flowing through carpet fibers is the most important factor that determines whether a cleaning is thorough, Shaw's researchers found. Plus, the professional vacuums leave the fibers dryer, so the room can get back in use faster.","However, getting a professional cleaning is relatively expensive compared with tackling the job yourself with a rented machine. Two years ago, as Consumer Reports magazine was testing deep cleaners, researchers also evaluated one professional service and one nationwide rental company's machines. The pro did an \"excellent\" job, while the rental machines were just \"good.\" Yet Consumer Reports, always on the hunt for bargains, still saw value in using a rented machine. To clean two rooms and a hallway, the professional charged $181. Renting a machine for a day cost only about $20.","One factor that dragged down the score for the rental machines: Their quality varied considerably. If you're a novice at carpet cleaning, this is a big issue. If a machine not in good repair dumps too much detergent onto the carpet, for example, you might just keep going, assuming that's what it's supposed to do.","Buying a deep-cleaning machine gets around this problem, assuming you take the time to read the directions and take reasonable care of the tool. Consumer Reports tested three deep cleaners and found that the Hoover Steam Vac V2 and the Bissell 7920 ProHeat Pro-Tech were \"very good,\" just a notch below the professional cleaner's score. Each model cost about $250.","If you compare all the numbers, you realize that you could rent a machine nine times for the price of one professional cleaning for part of a house. And for not all that much more, you could buy a home machine to use whenever you want. So it's a good question whether frequent cleaning with a \"very good\" or even a \"good\" machine leaves the carpet cleaner than if you save up for periodic professional cleaning, even if it is more thorough.","Carpet manufacturers generally recommend professional cleaning of carpets every 12 to 18 months. But if you have indoor pets, track in oily dirt from a garage floor, or find lots of sticky things spilled on your carpet, renting a machine or buying one for interim cleanings makes sense. If, after several DIY cleanings, the fibers don't seem to be as clean as they once were, you can always call in a pro for a more thorough job.","If you do proceed to clean on your own, with either a rented machine or one you buy, a few steps can make all the difference in how the job turns out. Use only the detergent recommended for the machine, and never use more than the label recommends. A more concentrated formula won't clean better; it will just leave the carpet fibers sticky.","Many professionals mist a pre-treatment solution onto the carpet, which allows a longer time to break down oily compounds. Then they run only clear water through the machine. You might experiment with the same approach. Or, if you want to minimize the use of cleaning products in your house, try using the machine with only plain, hot water, especially if you still plan a professional cleaning periodically.","Before you begin, make sure that you have one or more good fans available so that you can ensure speedy drying even if something goes wrong. With properly functioning equipment, the carpet should dry within four or five hours; if it takes more than 24 hours, you risk getting mildew growth in the backing.","Many so-called \"stains\" are actually soil that has stuck onto carpet fibers because something sticky spilled and wasn't cleaned up. A deep cleaning with detergent and water should get this out.","Stains are color changes in the fibers themselves. Quick action when spills occur usually makes all the difference in whether these changes are permanent or correctable. The first aid measures depend on the specific spill. On the Web, you can find all sorts of home remedies, some that work and some that don't. For advice based on actual test results, look at the floor care section of Shaw's site, http://www.shawfloors.com/ .","Because you'll work quickly, assemble a stain-removal kit ahead of time. Stock it with white cloths or paper towels and three spray bottles, labeled. Fill one with detergent solution -- water plus a few drops of clear, liquid dishwashing detergent (no more than 1/4 teaspoon of detergent to 32 ounces of water). Fill the second bottle with half water and half white vinegar; this makes an acidic cleaner that will combat alkaline spills. The third bottle is for an alkaline cleaner to use against acidic spills. Mix one tablespoon of ammonia to one cup of water. (Never use the alkaline cleaner on wool or wool- blend carpets because it will destroy the fibers.) Add to your kit a bottle of nail polish remover, a chewing gum remover, and a spot remover designed specifically for grease, oil or tar."]},"parsed_md":"The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?\n\nwashingtonpost.com > Arts & Living > Home and Garden\n\n###### KNOW HOW\n\n# The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?\n\nTOOLBOX\n\nResize\n\nPrint\n\nE-mail\n\nReprints \n \n--- \n \nBy Jeanne Huber\n\nSpecial to The Washington Post Thursday, September 29, 2005\n\nQ Are the carpet steamer/cleaners that you can rent at the grocery store worth\nit?\n\nA It is possible to clean carpet reasonably well with a machine you rent. That\nsaid, you should also recognize that a good professional probably would do a\nbetter job. And if you anticipate tackling the job frequently on your own, you\nmight be better off buying a deep-cleaning machine, which works similarly to\nthe rental machines.\n\nWith all of these options, the basic cleaning method is the same. Although\nit's often called steam cleaning, the process doesn't use actual steam. First\na solution of detergent and water is spread over the carpet and worked into\nthe fibers. Then it is rinsed out -- along with the grime -- by vacuuming up\nas much moisture as possible. (Other approaches to carpet cleaning, such as\nbuffing fibers with absorbent pads or working in absorbent powder and then\nvacuuming it out, don't work as well, according to research done by Shaw\nIndustries Inc., the world's largest carpet manufacturer.)\n\nProfessionals with truck-mounted equipment have the edge in several ways.\nBecause they clean carpets day after day, they aren't as likely to make\nmistakes such as using too much detergent or neglecting to rinse away all\nresidue. Also, the trucks deliver hot water, which boosts the detergent's\neffectiveness. With a rental machine, the best you can do is to pour hot water\ninto the mixing tank and hope it doesn't cool off too much as you clean.\nFinally, professionals benefit from having more powerful vacuum systems.\nBecause they remove more water, it's possible to rinse more thoroughly. The\namount of water flowing through carpet fibers is the most important factor\nthat determines whether a cleaning is thorough, Shaw's researchers found.\nPlus, the professional vacuums leave the fibers dryer, so the room can get\nback in use faster.\n\nHowever, getting a professional cleaning is relatively expensive compared with\ntackling the job yourself with a rented machine. Two years ago, as Consumer\nReports magazine was testing deep cleaners, researchers also evaluated one\nprofessional service and one nationwide rental company's machines. The pro did\nan \"excellent\" job, while the rental machines were just \"good.\" Yet Consumer\nReports, always on the hunt for bargains, still saw value in using a rented\nmachine. To clean two rooms and a hallway, the professional charged $181.\nRenting a machine for a day cost only about $20.\n\nOne factor that dragged down the score for the rental machines: Their quality\nvaried considerably. If you're a novice at carpet cleaning, this is a big\nissue. If a machine not in good repair dumps too much detergent onto the\ncarpet, for example, you might just keep going, assuming that's what it's\nsupposed to do.\n\nBuying a deep-cleaning machine gets around this problem, assuming you take the\ntime to read the directions and take reasonable care of the tool. Consumer\nReports tested three deep cleaners and found that the Hoover Steam Vac V2 and\nthe Bissell 7920 ProHeat Pro-Tech were \"very good,\" just a notch below the\nprofessional cleaner's score. Each model cost about $250.\n\nIf you compare all the numbers, you realize that you could rent a machine nine\ntimes for the price of one professional cleaning for part of a house. And for\nnot all that much more, you could buy a home machine to use whenever you want.\nSo it's a good question whether frequent cleaning with a \"very good\" or even a\n\"good\" machine leaves the carpet cleaner than if you save up for periodic\nprofessional cleaning, even if it is more thorough.\n\nCarpet manufacturers generally recommend professional cleaning of carpets\nevery 12 to 18 months. But if you have indoor pets, track in oily dirt from a\ngarage floor, or find lots of sticky things spilled on your carpet, renting a\nmachine or buying one for interim cleanings makes sense. If, after several DIY\ncleanings, the fibers don't seem to be as clean as they once were, you can\nalways call in a pro for a more thorough job.\n\nIf you do proceed to clean on your own, with either a rented machine or one\nyou buy, a few steps can make all the difference in how the job turns out. Use\nonly the detergent recommended for the machine, and never use more than the\nlabel recommends. A more concentrated formula won't clean better; it will just\nleave the carpet fibers sticky.\n\nMany professionals mist a pre-treatment solution onto the carpet, which allows\na longer time to break down oily compounds. Then they run only clear water\nthrough the machine. You might experiment with the same approach. Or, if you\nwant to minimize the use of cleaning products in your house, try using the\nmachine with only plain, hot water, especially if you still plan a\nprofessional cleaning periodically.\n\nBefore you begin, make sure that you have one or more good fans available so\nthat you can ensure speedy drying even if something goes wrong. With properly\nfunctioning equipment, the carpet should dry within four or five hours; if it\ntakes more than 24 hours, you risk getting mildew growth in the backing.\n\nWhat's a realistic expectation for carpet stain removal?\n\nMany so-called \"stains\" are actually soil that has stuck onto carpet fibers\nbecause something sticky spilled and wasn't cleaned up. A deep cleaning with\ndetergent and water should get this out.\n\nStains are color changes in the fibers themselves. Quick action when spills\noccur usually makes all the difference in whether these changes are permanent\nor correctable. The first aid measures depend on the specific spill. On the\nWeb, you can find all sorts of home remedies, some that work and some that\ndon't. For advice based on actual test results, look at the floor care section\nof Shaw's site, http://www.shawfloors.com/ .\n\nBecause you'll work quickly, assemble a stain-removal kit ahead of time. Stock\nit with white cloths or paper towels and three spray bottles, labeled. Fill\none with detergent solution -- water plus a few drops of clear, liquid\ndishwashing detergent (no more than 1/4 teaspoon of detergent to 32 ounces of\nwater). Fill the second bottle with half water and half white vinegar; this\nmakes an acidic cleaner that will combat alkaline spills. The third bottle is\nfor an alkaline cleaner to use against acidic spills. Mix one tablespoon of\nammonia to one cup of water. (Never use the alkaline cleaner on wool or wool-\nblend carpets because it will destroy the fibers.) Add to your kit a bottle of\nnail polish remover, a chewing gum remover, and a spot remover designed\nspecifically for grease, oil or tar.\n\n© 2005 The Washington Post Company\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514011753/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Urine Stain Removal Guide","passages":["Whether you are in the throes of potty training or your pet has an accident on the carpet, you want to clean up urine as quickly as possible.","However, my focus in this article is to give tips for removing human urine. If you need to remove pet urine check out this page on pet stain removal.","Step 1: Run the fabric, inside out, under the cold (not warm or hot) water to flush out as much of the urine as possible.","Step 2: Pretreat the stain with liquid laundry detergent containing enzymes, soaking for 30 minutes in cold water, or in the alternative pretreat with an enzyme pretreater. Do not use hot water.","Step 3: Launder in the hottest water the fabric will allow to get out the stain, and either chlorine bleach if the fabric will allow it, or oxygen bleach if not.","Hint: Make sure the stain is gone after washing, but before you place in the dryer or you may set the stain.","Step 1: Blot any excess urine from the upholstery, being careful not to spread the stain or grind it into the upholstery.","Check out urine cleaner reviews here, or submit your own, to find out which products have worked (or not worked) for readers just like you.","Step 6: If the stain remains use an eye dropper to apply a few drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide to the spot, followed by a few drops of ammonia.","Hint: Test both the hydrogen peroxide and ammonia in an inconspicuous location of your upholstery to make sure it does not harm it before using either on your urine stain.","Step 7: Now that the stain is removed you should get plain cold water and a new white cloth and sponge the area to remove the cleaning solution, and then blot dry.","The instructions for removing urine from a mattress are quite similar to the instructions above for removing urine from upholstery.","Do you have your own urine stain removal tip? If so, submit your tip here, or read other tips already submitted.","Are you a stain magnet like me? If so, check out the A to Z Stain Removal Guide which gives directions for how to remove over 100 types of stains from all kinds of surfaces.","Hi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience with house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other messy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.","I update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes, reviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various cleaners, removers and laundry supplies.","I'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter you will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can reference as needed.","CAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is provided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just won't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm your item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive call a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information."]},"parsed_md":"Urine Stain Removal Guide\n\n * House Cleaning |\n * Laundry |\n * Stains |\n * Homemade Cleaners |\n * Spring Cleaning |\n * Free Stain Removal Chart |\n * Contact Me\n\n# Urine Stain Removal Guide\n\nBelow are urine stain removal tips and techniques for clothing, upholstery,\ncarpet, and mattresses, with step by step instructions.\n\nWhether you are in the throes of potty training or your pet has an accident on\nthe carpet, you want to clean up urine as quickly as possible.\n\nGenerally, the directions below work on both human and pet urine, such as dog\nurine and cat urine.\n\nHowever, my focus in this article is to give tips for removing human urine. If\nyou need to remove pet urine check out this page on pet stain removal.\n\n### Urine Stain Removal From Clothing\n\nStep 1: Run the fabric, inside out, under the cold (not warm or hot) water to\nflush out as much of the urine as possible.\n\nStep 2: Pretreat the stain with liquid laundry detergent containing enzymes,\nsoaking for 30 minutes in cold water, or in the alternative pretreat with an\nenzyme pretreater. Do not use hot water.\n\nHint: If the stain is older, you may need to soak even longer, perhaps even\novernight.\n\nStep 3: Launder in the hottest water the fabric will allow to get out the\nstain, and either chlorine bleach if the fabric will allow it, or oxygen\nbleach if not.\n\nHint: Make sure the stain is gone after washing, but before you place in the\ndryer or you may set the stain.\n\n### Removing Urine Stains From Upholstery\n\nStep 1: Blot any excess urine from the upholstery, being careful not to spread\nthe stain or grind it into the upholstery.\n\nStep 2: Mix a solution of two cups cool water, one tablespoon dishwashing\nliquid, and one tablespoon of vinegar.\n\nStep 3: Using this solution, sponge the spot with a clean white cloth.\n\nStep 4: Next, blot at the stain until the liquid is absorbed.\n\nStep 5: Repeat steps 3-4 until the spot from the urine is removed from the\nupholstery.\n\n#### What Urine Cleaner Should You Use?\n\nThere are lots of products out there for cleaning up urine stains, but which\nones actually work the best?\n\nCheck out urine cleaner reviews here, or submit your own, to find out which\nproducts have worked (or not worked) for readers just like you.\n\nIf that removes the stain skip down to step 7. Otherwise, continue on with the\nnext step.\n\nStep 6: If the stain remains use an eye dropper to apply a few drops of 3%\nhydrogen peroxide to the spot, followed by a few drops of ammonia.\n\nHint: Test both the hydrogen peroxide and ammonia in an inconspicuous location\nof your upholstery to make sure it does not harm it before using either on\nyour urine stain.\n\nStep 7: Now that the stain is removed you should get plain cold water and a\nnew white cloth and sponge the area to remove the cleaning solution, and then\nblot dry.\n\nHint: Be sure to get the upholstery only as wet as necessary to remove the\nstain from the urine.\n\nYou can get more information on how to clean upholstery here.\n\n### How To Remove Urine Stain From Carpet\n\nThe instructions for urine stain removal from carpet is the same as for\nupholstery.\n\n### How To Remove Urine From Mattress\n\nThe instructions for removing urine from a mattress are quite similar to the\ninstructions above for removing urine from upholstery.\n\nYou can also check out this article and video for removing urine on a\nmattress.\n\n### Submit Your Own Tip For Removing Urine Stains\n\nDo you have your own urine stain removal tip? If so, submit your tip here, or\nread other tips already submitted.\n\n### Get Even More Stain And Spot Removal Help Here\n\nAre you a stain magnet like me? If so, check out the A to Z Stain Removal\nGuide which gives directions for how to remove over 100 types of stains from\nall kinds of surfaces.\n\n#### Thanks For Visiting My Website: Grab Your Free Gift!\n\nHi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience\nwith house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other\nmessy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.\n\n[Get your free chart here]\n\nI update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes,\nreviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various\ncleaners, removers and laundry supplies.\n\nI'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter\nyou will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can\nreference as needed.\n\nI hope you enjoy this gift, and stop by again soon!\n\n### Share Your Comments, Tips & Ideas\n\n#### Related Pages You May Enjoy\n\nA-Z Guide: Instructions For Removing Over 100 Types Of Stains\n\nGo From Urine Stain Removal To Home Page\n\nCAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is\nprovided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just\nwon't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm\nyour item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive\ncall a professional. 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Dog and cat pee both have a high ammonia content (often cats more so than dogs) so the smell can attract your pet and cause them to keep mistaking that spot for a bathroom! Most dogs and cats can smell one tiny spot of pee with their highly developed sense of smell.","If it's on a wood, tile, or linoleum floor use your normal cleaner, but be sure to go over the spot several times with a paper towel first. If you use your mop to clean up a pee puddle, it will most likely be just spreading the urine and scent around which also attracts them back to where they smell the urine, to pee again. If your pet keeps coming back to the area to use it as a bathroom you will want to try a product with live enzymes to remove the smell permanently. Be sure to spot check with the product first, as it needs to sit on the area and be allowed to air dry.","Ask a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to see the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.","I have a Florida room that I keep my 4 (don't ask) little dogs in at night. The floor is tile and I have to mop the floor every day. What is the best way to mop this floor that will neutralize the smell?","Also, does anyone know, what is the best way to keep the dogs from \"using\" the floor of this room as their potty? They have a doggie door that takes them right to their dog pen. Should I try taking their food and water away from them at night or what?","I am at my wits end. I love them all but the constant cleaning is killing me. They are all adopted so I will not get rid of any of them as they are my babies.","The best way to teach them where you want them to go is to put some of the waste material in the area you want and then patiently train them until they understand what you want. I also have small dogs. It can take quite awhile, once they have learned bad habits.","The scent is what they are responding to. Dogs will tend to go where the scent indicates they have gone before. If you pick up or mop up some of the mess with paper towels and then place them outside where they should be going, it will be a good start. Show it to them right away, and remind them buy taking them out to that spot whenever you catch them going indoors. Be patient. It may seem it will never work, but in my experience they are very cooperative once they \"get it.\" Also, find the strongest odor remover you can find and use it every day indoors. If that doesn't seem to be doing it, try a very strong odor that the dogs will not appreciate, such as vinegar or ammonia. Keep the scent indoors eliminated or covered, and keep reminding them.","The second part of the training is to make sure you praise and reward them when they do what you want, and make absolutely certain that you do not do anything they might think of as a reward when they do what you do not want them to do. My dogs get a treat every night when I put them to bed. I make absolutely certain that they do not get this treat anytime within 15 minutes of the time I have to clean up any mess on the floor. I also give it to them immediately after I get the soiled puppy pad up and put a new one down. They are getting the idea.","I agree with the cage at night. It's not mean. I had a Great Dane who preferred her kennel. She would voluntarily go in to take naps. It was her special place that she could have all to herself. I agree that they are going because they smell that they've gone there before. You will have to try to get that smell out and probably seal the grout or something. And as long as they're in a room temperature area, I don't think they would have a problem with not having their food and water out at night. My dog is fed free choice because I haven't had any problem with him with weight or accidents, but I know vets sometimes recommend having a feeding schedule for your dog. My mother in law's dogs are fed at 7 am and 4 pm, water is left out all day...then at night they go to their \"bed\". They are perfectly fine.","The grout on your tile floors is where the residual smell remains. If you were able to totally clean it, you could, in theory, seal your grout and then the smell would be gone.","It sounds like this has been occuring for quite awhile, and I doubt there is a way to entirely remove the smell from the grout. The best solution is to remove the grout and re-grout the room. This is something you can do yourself if you have patience. Any home improvement store will have the necessary tools. If you are really patient, I reccommend an epoxy grout. This grout resists stains and spills much more than a regular grout and never needs to be sealed. The downside, is that it takes more time and care when grouting.","I have five pitbulls a pug and two chihuahuas in my house I have no children so they are my babies. I had some trouble at my old house but there is stuff that you can buy on the t.v. called urine be gone. IT WORKS GREAT since I have moved I have made it a rule to take them out about 6 times a day and leave them out for about 20 minutes each time. Now they tell me when they need to go outside. It took me about two months to perfect it but it is so worth it.","Agree with the poster who mentioned crating your furbabies at night; they will probably protest at first, but it sure beats mopping up urine all over the place every morning.","See you're from the South, too-- Publix has a really inexpensive product in the pet food aisle called Pet Select PEE-PEE; it comes in a fairly large bottle and is for odor and stain removal.","We picked this up--not for my dog, thank heaven-- when a friend's dog came over and puddled all over the place. Worked great!","Dependent upon how big that room is, I'd pick up a couple of bottles ( under $20), block the dogs' access to the floor, spread it full-strength on it so it seeps into the grout and let it sit for about a half-hour.","What else can you use besides Pine Sol to clean your floors to get the oil up from the dog's pee?","Use Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet has marked its territory and you don't want that!","Use Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet has marked its territory and you don't want that! It removes all stains and odors.","I think the stronger the clean up chemical is, it makes it smell worse. Here are three suggestions #1 After initial wipe, one part hydrogen peroxide and two parts water. Let it sit on the spot for five to ten minutes before wiping. #2 Undiluted white vinegar. Spray on and wipe.# 3 Baking soda to absorb, then wipe.","First scrub with cut Lemon(or Lime). Make paste of Baking Soda and Vinegar. Apply in that spot. Leave for 5 minutes. Then wipe with a wet cloth. I think that helps.","About 5 weeks ago I watched my son's puppy and he peed on the carpet and once on the kitchen floor, which I cleaned up. After she left my 3 year old (15#) Bichon/Maltese has been going on the kitchen spot, not every day and not all the time. She does it when we are home, but we can never catch her. We have used Dap, but it does not work. Help.","Try an enzymatic cleaner. Just last week I bought a bottle of OUT! Stain and Odor Remover while I was at Wal-Mart. Previously I got PetZyme from Petsmart.","From the back of my new bottle: -Natural pro-bacteria and enzyme solution permanently removes stains and odors -Removes pheromones that cause pets to revisit and resoil spots","I have three cats. One throws up from time to time, so I use enzymatic to clean up the spots. When my youngest was a kitten, he had a little pee accident on the couch. I used the enzymatic cleaner, sucked up as much as I could with my carpet cleaner, gave it all one more good spray, and let it air dry. The other cats came around and acted interested while it was drying, but once it was completely dried, I could not smell anything, and the other cats acted completely uninterested (I was so worried they'd all star peeing on that spot!).","So, for us, an enzymatic cleaner is the way to go. I haven't had to try the new bottle yet, but I'm hoping it performs like the stuff from Petsmart. I got it from the area where they have pet shampoos and potty training supplies. I know that there are other brands, too.","If the dog is going only to the uncarpeted spot in the kitchen, another thing yhou could try is sprinkling a little cayenne pepper on the spot. I know that works for cats as they do not like the smell. It may work for dogs as well. I would try that first and then try the cleaner as the other poster Mrs. Story suggested.","Cayenne ( or any pepper) is an irritant and very dangerous if it gets in a pet's eyes. Marg from England.","I have a 18 yr old cat that goes outside to pee but then poops in the tiled bathroom or hallway to the bedrooms, but my 3 yr old Smithfield heeler after we close the back doors before we go too bed if he needs to pee he uses my cats litter tray and we have not taught him this, but sometimes he may piddle on the family room tiles, I have tried everything other then the vinegar so I will try this method tonite and see how it goes, so thank u for ur tips on this problem... thank you so much","Because of its composition, removing pet urine stains and odors from laminate flooring may seem daunting. This is a page about cleaning pet urine stains and odors from laminate flooring.","Pet owners may find themselves needing to remove dog urine odors from their carpet. This is a page about cleaning dog urine odors from carpet.","Accidents happen, but removing urine odors from wood floors can seem like a big job. This is a page about cleaning pet urine odors from hardwood floors.","Removing urine stains and odors from flooring can be a challenge. This page is about cleaning pet urine stains and odors from a tile floor."]},"parsed_md":"Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors | ThriftyFun\n\nMenu Ask a Question Share a Post Account Search\n\nsocial\n\n# Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors\n\n2\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nFlag\n\nSave\n\nFollow\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n### Tip: Avoid Cleaners With Ammonia to Remove Pet Urine\n\nBy Bella Blue [47 Posts, 5 Comments]\n\nApril 8, 2014\n\nWhen cleaning up any cat or dog pee on the floor, never ever use ammonia. Dog\nand cat pee both have a high ammonia content (often cats more so than dogs) so\nthe smell can attract your pet and cause them to keep mistaking that spot for\na bathroom! Most dogs and cats can smell one tiny spot of pee with their\nhighly developed sense of smell.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIf it's on a wood, tile, or linoleum floor use your normal cleaner, but be\nsure to go over the spot several times with a paper towel first. If you use\nyour mop to clean up a pee puddle, it will most likely be just spreading the\nurine and scent around which also attracts them back to where they smell the\nurine, to pee again. If your pet keeps coming back to the area to use it as a\nbathroom you will want to try a product with live enzymes to remove the smell\npermanently. Be sure to spot check with the product first, as it needs to sit\non the area and be allowed to air dry.\n\nComment Was this helpful? 7\n\nRead More Comments\n\n## Questions\n\nAsk a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to\nsee the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\n\n### Question: Dogs and Tile Floors?\n\nBy JONNIE [25 Posts, 2 Comments]\n\nSeptember 21, 2005\n\nI have a Florida room that I keep my 4 (don't ask) little dogs in at night.\nThe floor is tile and I have to mop the floor every day. What is the best way\nto mop this floor that will neutralize the smell?\n\nAlso, does anyone know, what is the best way to keep the dogs from \"using\" the\nfloor of this room as their potty? They have a doggie door that takes them\nright to their dog pen. Should I try taking their food and water away from\nthem at night or what?\n\nI am at my wits end. I love them all but the constant cleaning is killing me.\nThey are all adopted so I will not get rid of any of them as they are my\nbabies.\n\nTIA Cookiepom\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Denise Roche [12 Comments]\n\nSeptember 21, 20050 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nThe best way to teach them where you want them to go is to put some of the\nwaste material in the area you want and then patiently train them until they\nunderstand what you want. I also have small dogs. It can take quite awhile,\nonce they have learned bad habits.\n\nThe scent is what they are responding to. Dogs will tend to go where the scent\nindicates they have gone before. If you pick up or mop up some of the mess\nwith paper towels and then place them outside where they should be going, it\nwill be a good start. Show it to them right away, and remind them buy taking\nthem out to that spot whenever you catch them going indoors. Be patient. It\nmay seem it will never work, but in my experience they are very cooperative\nonce they \"get it.\" Also, find the strongest odor remover you can find and use\nit every day indoors. If that doesn't seem to be doing it, try a very strong\nodor that the dogs will not appreciate, such as vinegar or ammonia. Keep the\nscent indoors eliminated or covered, and keep reminding them.\n\nThe second part of the training is to make sure you praise and reward them\nwhen they do what you want, and make absolutely certain that you do not do\nanything they might think of as a reward when they do what you do not want\nthem to do. My dogs get a treat every night when I put them to bed. I make\nabsolutely certain that they do not get this treat anytime within 15 minutes\nof the time I have to clean up any mess on the floor. I also give it to them\nimmediately after I get the soiled puppy pad up and put a new one down. They\nare getting the idea.\n\nIt is a very bad idea to withhold food and (especially) water for training\npurposes.\n\nDenise\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy JoAnn [3 Posts, 40 Comments]\n\nSeptember 22, 20050 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nI agree with the cage at night. It's not mean. I had a Great Dane who\npreferred her kennel. She would voluntarily go in to take naps. It was her\nspecial place that she could have all to herself. I agree that they are going\nbecause they smell that they've gone there before. You will have to try to get\nthat smell out and probably seal the grout or something. And as long as\nthey're in a room temperature area, I don't think they would have a problem\nwith not having their food and water out at night. My dog is fed free choice\nbecause I haven't had any problem with him with weight or accidents, but I\nknow vets sometimes recommend having a feeding schedule for your dog. My\nmother in law's dogs are fed at 7 am and 4 pm, water is left out all\nday...then at night they go to their \"bed\". They are perfectly fine.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Chelsea (Guest Post)\n\nOctober 4, 20050 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nThe grout on your tile floors is where the residual smell remains. If you were\nable to totally clean it, you could, in theory, seal your grout and then the\nsmell would be gone.\n\nI know nothing about training dogs, but I'm assume you'll have to do both.\n\nIt sounds like this has been occuring for quite awhile, and I doubt there is a\nway to entirely remove the smell from the grout. The best solution is to\nremove the grout and re-grout the room. This is something you can do yourself\nif you have patience. Any home improvement store will have the necessary\ntools. If you are really patient, I reccommend an epoxy grout. This grout\nresists stains and spills much more than a regular grout and never needs to be\nsealed. The downside, is that it takes more time and care when grouting.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy crystal (Guest Post)\n\nSeptember 17, 20060 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nI have five pitbulls a pug and two chihuahuas in my house I have no children\nso they are my babies. I had some trouble at my old house but there is stuff\nthat you can buy on the t.v. called urine be gone. IT WORKS GREAT since I have\nmoved I have made it a rule to take them out about 6 times a day and leave\nthem out for about 20 minutes each time. Now they tell me when they need to go\noutside. It took me about two months to perfect it but it is so worth it.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Candy Killion [10 Posts, 413 Comments]\n\nJuly 10, 20090 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nAgree with the poster who mentioned crating your furbabies at night; they will\nprobably protest at first, but it sure beats mopping up urine all over the\nplace every morning.\n\nSee you're from the South, too-- Publix has a really inexpensive product in\nthe pet food aisle called Pet Select PEE-PEE; it comes in a fairly large\nbottle and is for odor and stain removal.\n\nWe picked this up--not for my dog, thank heaven-- when a friend's dog came\nover and puddled all over the place. Worked great!\n\nDependent upon how big that room is, I'd pick up a couple of bottles ( under\n$20), block the dogs' access to the floor, spread it full-strength on it so it\nseeps into the grout and let it sit for about a half-hour.\n\nMop that up and then follow the bottle directions and mop again and rinse.\n\nThis stuff really is excellent and I've also used it as a stain pre-treat for\nnormal laundry!\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Question: Cleaning Up Dog Pee on Floors?\n\nBy parnellsusie [1 Post]\n\nMarch 8, 2017\n\nWhat else can you use besides Pine Sol to clean your floors to get the oil up\nfrom the dog's pee?\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Judy [648 Posts, 16,978 Comments]\n\nMarch 8, 20170 found this helpful\n\nUse Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet\nhas marked its territory and you don't want that!\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Judy [648 Posts, 16,978 Comments]\n\nMarch 8, 20170 found this helpful\n\nUse Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet\nhas marked its territory and you don't want that! It removes all stains and\nodors.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy KIM HOGGAN [97 Posts, 159 Comments]\n\nMarch 9, 20170 found this helpful\n\nI think the stronger the clean up chemical is, it makes it smell worse. Here\nare three suggestions #1 After initial wipe, one part hydrogen peroxide and\ntwo parts water. Let it sit on the spot for five to ten minutes before wiping.\n#2 Undiluted white vinegar. Spray on and wipe.# 3 Baking soda to absorb, then\nwipe.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy pandesudha [1 Comment]\n\nApril 6, 20170 found this helpful\n\nFirst scrub with cut Lemon(or Lime). Make paste of Baking Soda and Vinegar.\nApply in that spot. Leave for 5 minutes. Then wipe with a wet cloth. I think\nthat helps.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Question: Getting Rid of Dog Urine Odor on the Kitchen Floor?\n\nJanuary 10, 2011\n\nAbout 5 weeks ago I watched my son's puppy and he peed on the carpet and once\non the kitchen floor, which I cleaned up. After she left my 3 year old (15#)\nBichon/Maltese has been going on the kitchen spot, not every day and not all\nthe time. She does it when we are home, but we can never catch her. We have\nused Dap, but it does not work. Help.\n\nEileen\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Lisa [2 Posts, 653 Comments]\n\nJanuary 10, 20111 found this helpful\n\nTry an enzymatic cleaner. Just last week I bought a bottle of OUT! Stain and\nOdor Remover while I was at Wal-Mart. Previously I got PetZyme from Petsmart.\n\nFrom the back of my new bottle: -Natural pro-bacteria and enzyme solution\npermanently removes stains and odors -Removes pheromones that cause pets to\nrevisit and resoil spots\n\nI have three cats. One throws up from time to time, so I use enzymatic to\nclean up the spots. When my youngest was a kitten, he had a little pee\naccident on the couch. I used the enzymatic cleaner, sucked up as much as I\ncould with my carpet cleaner, gave it all one more good spray, and let it air\ndry. The other cats came around and acted interested while it was drying, but\nonce it was completely dried, I could not smell anything, and the other cats\nacted completely uninterested (I was so worried they'd all star peeing on that\nspot!).\n\nSo, for us, an enzymatic cleaner is the way to go. I haven't had to try the\nnew bottle yet, but I'm hoping it performs like the stuff from Petsmart. I got\nit from the area where they have pet shampoos and potty training supplies. I\nknow that there are other brands, too.\n\nReply Was this helpful? 1\n\nBy frances [1 Post, 109 Comments]\n\nJanuary 10, 20110 found this helpful\n\nIf the dog is going only to the uncarpeted spot in the kitchen, another thing\nyhou could try is sprinkling a little cayenne pepper on the spot. I know that\nworks for cats as they do not like the smell. It may work for dogs as well. I\nwould try that first and then try the cleaner as the other poster Mrs. Story\nsuggested.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Marg [21 Posts, 692 Comments]\n\nDecember 5, 20180 found this helpful\n\nCayenne ( or any pepper) is an irritant and very dangerous if it gets in a\npet's eyes. Marg from England.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy mummatee71 [1 Comment]\n\nDecember 20, 20180 found this helpful\n\nI have a 18 yr old cat that goes outside to pee but then poops in the tiled\nbathroom or hallway to the bedrooms, but my 3 yr old Smithfield heeler after\nwe close the back doors before we go too bed if he needs to pee he uses my\ncats litter tray and we have not taught him this, but sometimes he may piddle\non the family room tiles, I have tried everything other then the vinegar so I\nwill try this method tonite and see how it goes, so thank u for ur tips on\nthis problem... thank you so much\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors from Laminate Flooring\n\nFebruary 27, 2013\n\nBecause of its composition, removing pet urine stains and odors from laminate\nflooring may seem daunting. This is a page about cleaning pet urine stains and\nodors from laminate flooring.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 3\n\n### Cleaning Dog Urine Odors from Carpet\n\nApril 27, 2016\n\nPet owners may find themselves needing to remove dog urine odors from their\ncarpet. This is a page about cleaning dog urine odors from carpet.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 2\n\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Odor From Hardwood Floors\n\nNovember 4, 2012\n\nAccidents happen, but removing urine odors from wood floors can seem like a\nbig job. This is a page about cleaning pet urine odors from hardwood floors.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 2\n\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors From a Tile Floor\n\nFebruary 25, 2013\n\nRemoving urine stains and odors from flooring can be a challenge. This page is\nabout cleaning pet urine stains and odors from a tile floor.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 1\n\nIn This Page\n\nGetting Rid of Urine Odors\n\nCategories\n\nHome and Garden Cleaning OdorsMay 12, 2014\n\nPages\n\nCleaning Pet Urine Odor From Hardwood Floors\n\nCleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors...\n\nRemoving Smoke Odor After a House Fire\n\nCleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors from...\n\nLocating the Source of a Foul Smell in House\n\nCleaning Dog Urine Odors from Carpet\n\nMore\n\n🎉\n\nNew Years Ideas!\n\n😷\n\nCoronavirus Tips\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest\n\nYouTube\n\nInstagram\n\nContests!\n\nNewsletters\n\nAsk a Question\n\nShare a Post\n\nCategories\n\nBetter LivingBudget & FinanceBusiness and LegalComputersConsumer\nAdviceCoronavirusCraftsEducationEntertainmentFood and RecipesHealth &\nBeautyHolidays and PartiesHome and GardenMake Your\nOwnOrganizingParentingPetsPhotosTravel and RecreationWeddings\n\nPublished by ThriftyFun. Desktop Page | View Mobile Disclaimer | Privacy\nPolicy | Contact Us Generated 2020-12-26 00:42:58 in 4 secs. ⛅️️ © 1997-2020\nby Cumuli, Inc. All Rights Reserved. https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-\nUrine-Odors-on-Floors.html\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518072427/https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell From Carpet, Hardwood Floors, and Rugs","passages":["Whether you’re practicing potty training for a new puppy or noticing accidents with an older dog, one thing is certain: that dog urine smell isn’t pleasant.","Accidents happen—it’s natural. Practice patience and use positive reinforcement with puppies and dogs that are being housetrained. If your dog is already potty trained but has started to have accidents, take them to the vet to see if there is a medical cause.","The pheromones in dog urine are part of a complex system dogs use to communicate. Pheromones teach dogs boundaries and respectable places to urinate; however, once a dog has had an accident in the house, smelling those pheromones may encourage your dog to urinate again in the same spot.","You may smell a foul odor, aka dog urine smell, caused by bacteria in the urine that produce ammonia. If you’re not sure exactly where the urine odor is coming from, try using a UV or black light to find the areas of urination and ensure proper cleanup.","Enzymatic cleaners denature (destroy) the proteins and enzymes that make up the pheromones in dog pee. This not only helps to get rid of the dog urine smell, but it also decreases the chances of your dog being a repeat offender in that same spot.","Products containing accelerated hydrogen peroxide can help decrease the foul odors. Use a contact time of 15 minutes for all odor and stain remover products, and test each product on a small space before using.","Next, soak another towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the wet spot for 15 minutes.","Finally, apply an enzymatic cleaner, such as Nature’s Miracle, to the spot. Leave the enzymatic cleaner on the spot for another 15 minutes.","If you can’t remove the smell using this method, try contacting a professional carpet cleaner or using a steam cleaning machine.","If the soiled item can be put into the washing machine, use an enzymatic cleaner with laundry detergent to effectively get rid of urine stains and smells.","For heavily soiled areas in the house, consider getting a high-quality mini wet vac. Look for the companies that include an enzymatic cleaner in their base. This will help tackle the dog urine smell and stains.","If name-brand products aren’t working or the space is too large, consider calling your local carpet cleaning company for assistance.","Troubles with potty training or chronic leaking may be a sign of a medical or behavioral concern. Frequent urination, urinary tract infections, submissive urination, and urinary incontinence are just a few of the issues that could be affecting your dog.","When dealing with a chronic issue, consult with your veterinarian for a potential diagnosis and treatment plan. If your veterinarian rules out medical concerns, consider consulting with a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT) to address behavior modification."]},"parsed_md":"How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell From Carpet, Hardwood Floors, and Rugs | PetMD\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell\n\nTiffany Tupler, DVM\n\nUpdated: December 09, 2020\n\nPublished: June 30, 2020\n\nShare this:\n\nWhether you’re practicing potty training for a new puppy or noticing accidents\nwith an older dog, one thing is certain: that dog urine smell isn’t pleasant.\n\nAccidents happen—it’s natural. Practice patience and use positive\nreinforcement with puppies and dogs that are being housetrained. If your dog\nis already potty trained but has started to have accidents, take them to the\nvet to see if there is a medical cause.\n\nIn the meantime, here’s how to get rid of dog pee smell around your home.\n\n## What Neutralizes Dog Urine Smell?\n\nThe pheromones in dog urine are part of a complex system dogs use to\ncommunicate. Pheromones teach dogs boundaries and respectable places to\nurinate; however, once a dog has had an accident in the house, smelling those\npheromones may encourage your dog to urinate again in the same spot.\n\nYou may smell a foul odor, aka dog urine smell, caused by bacteria in the\nurine that produce ammonia. If you’re not sure exactly where the urine odor is\ncoming from, try using a UV or black light to find the areas of urination and\nensure proper cleanup.\n\nSo what neutralizes dog urine smell and its pheromones?\n\nEnzymatic cleaners denature (destroy) the proteins and enzymes that make up\nthe pheromones in dog pee. This not only helps to get rid of the dog urine\nsmell, but it also decreases the chances of your dog being a repeat offender\nin that same spot.\n\nProducts containing accelerated hydrogen peroxide can help decrease the foul\nodors. Use a contact time of 15 minutes for all odor and stain remover\nproducts, and test each product on a small space before using.\n\n## How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell and Stains in Carpets and Couches\n\nFor carpets, couches, or other areas that cannot be machine-washed, follow\nthese steps:\n\n 1. First, manually soak up excess moisture with a towel.\n\n 2. Next, soak another towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the wet spot for 15 minutes.\n\n 3. After 15 minutes, blot and soak up the remaining moisture with a dry towel.\n\n 4. Finally, apply an enzymatic cleaner, such as Nature’s Miracle, to the spot. Leave the enzymatic cleaner on the spot for another 15 minutes.\n\nIf you can’t remove the smell using this method, try contacting a professional\ncarpet cleaner or using a steam cleaning machine.\n\n## How to Remove Dried Dog Urine Stains From Hardwood Floors or Carpets\n\nFor old and/or dried urine stains on hardwood floors or carpets, follow these\nsteps:\n\n 1. Soak a towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the stain for 15 minutes.\n\n 2. Repeat the first step using an enzymatic cleaner.\n\n## How to Get Rid of Dog Urine Smell in Rugs, Pillows, Dog Beds, and Sheets\n\nIf the soiled item can be put into the washing machine, use an enzymatic\ncleaner with laundry detergent to effectively get rid of urine stains and\nsmells.\n\nIf you still see stains along with a lingering dog urine smell, consult with a\nprofessional dry cleaning company.\n\n## How to Deal With Stains and Smells in Larger or Heavily Soiled Areas\n\nFor heavily soiled areas in the house, consider getting a high-quality mini\nwet vac. Look for the companies that include an enzymatic cleaner in their\nbase. This will help tackle the dog urine smell and stains.\n\nIf name-brand products aren’t working or the space is too large, consider\ncalling your local carpet cleaning company for assistance.\n\n### Dealing With Chronic Issues\n\nTroubles with potty training or chronic leaking may be a sign of a medical or\nbehavioral concern. Frequent urination, urinary tract infections, submissive\nurination, and urinary incontinence are just a few of the issues that could be\naffecting your dog.\n\nWhen dealing with a chronic issue, consult with your veterinarian for a\npotential diagnosis and treatment plan. If your veterinarian rules out medical\nconcerns, consider consulting with a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT)\nto address behavior modification.\n\nFeatured Image: iStock.com/harunhalici\n\n## Related Posts\n\n### Dog Surgery Aftercare FAQs\n\nDr. Christina Fernandez\n\n### Cat Surgery Aftercare FAQs\n\nDr. Tiffany Tupler\n\n### Why Is My Dog Sneezing?\n\nDr. Heather Hoffmann\n\n### Cat Nutrition: What Makes a Nutritional Cat Food?\n\nDr. Jennifer Coates\n\n## Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n## Sign up for our Newsletter\n\nCopyright @ 2020 PetMD.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411130412/https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/","parsed_text":{"title":"About Cleaning Products","passages":["This website is designed to inform you about Cleaning Products. The history, product types, ingredients, processes and so much more!","Enzymes Enzymes are long-chain proteins that serve as natural catalysts, meaning that they allow chemical reactions to occur rapidly and efficiently. The building blocks for each enzyme are the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. Enzymes are commonly used in paper processing, food manufacture, medical device cleaning, ethanol manufacture, as well as many common household cleaning processes such as laundry and dishwashing. In laundry and dishwashing, enzymes break down the basic components of stains and soils so they can be washed away more easily. Since one enzyme molecule can act on many substrate molecules (such as soils and stains), a small amount of enzyme added to a laundry detergent can provide a significant cleaning benefit to the consumer.","Enzyme activities are highly-specific to the types of substrates they can work on. The catalytic function of each protein is determined by its 3-dimensional structure, as well as active sites that are dedicated to the particular substrate. Enzyme proteins are only active when the specified substrate is present. The various types of actions can be categorized into specific enzyme classes. The most common enzyme types used in the Household care industry are proteases, amylases, lipase, cellulases, mannanases, and pectinases. Each type may have many variations of the same protein structure that results in different preferences for conditions for peak performance. It has been found beneficial to combine different enzyme types to improve overall stain-fighting performance. Therefore, modern detergents typically contain several enzyme activity types to ensure optimal cleaning of complex soil substrates.","Enzyme products are available in liquid formulations with included stabilization systems for liquid detergent applications and also as encapsulated granulates for powder detergents and soap bars.","Proteases Proteases accelerate the breakdown of proteins into peptides and soluble amino acids. Proteases are basic ingredients in laundry detergents and are used worldwide because of their effectiveness on common stain components, such as food, grass, and blood. Some proteases have an affinity for specific protein soils and the target stain will determine which protease should be added to a detergent formulation.","Amylases Amylases accelerate the breakdown of starch-based stains from foods such as such as cereals, gravies, potato and pasta dishes, etc. In laundry, amylases ensure complete removal of starch at low wash temperatures.","Starch is a long chained carbohydrate consisting of glucose molecules bound together by alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds. During wash, certain amylases catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha-1,4- bonds in starch, leading to the decomposition of starch into soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. Unlike starch, dextrins and oligosaccharides are easily soluble in water and are therefore easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.","Lipases Lipases accelerate the breakdown of tri-glycerides (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol and are applied in laundry detergents to improve the removal of body stains on collars and cuffs and non-mineral oil and fat, such as lipstick, butter, vegetable oil, and others, from fabric surfaces.","Fatty material trapped inside cotton fibers can give rise to discolored spots on laundry and cannot be removed effectively at medium-to-low washing temperatures without using lipase. With lipases the trapped fatty material trapped in the cotton fibers is hydrolyzed to less hydrophobic substances which are easier to remove.","Cellulases Cellulases are used in laundry detergents to obtain cleaning and color care and improve overall cleanness. Cellulases also help maintain the brightness of colors on cotton fibers by reducing build-up of fuzz and pills on knitted garments that occurs due to normal wear and washing.","Repeated washing and wearing damages cotton fibers, resulting in areas with bristly cellulose microfibrils (“fuzz”). These microfibrils trap particulate dirt, for instance from outdoor soiling, during the wash. This prevents whites from staying white and makes colored and striped clothes look dull. Cellulases cleave off such damaged microfibrils and releases any captured dirt particles, preventing particulate soil from depositing and preventing fabric graying.","Not only can bristly cellulose fibers attract particulate soils during the wash, they can also make it more difficult for the other ingredients in the detergent to remove stains. Cellulases aid primary stain removal by modifying the surface of cellulosic fibers and fabrics, making it easier for the stain to come loose.","Mannanases Mannanases remove mannan stains. Mannanases break down mannans and effectively remove food stains containing guar gum or locust bean gum, thereby, increasing in-depth cleaning by removing the adhesive mannan. Incomplete removal of these types of stains may result in fabric graying.","Mannans or galactomannans are polysaccharides consisting of a mannose backbone linked together by b-1,4-linkages with side-chains of galactose attached to the backbone by α-1,6 linkages.","During wash, Mannaway cleaves the b-1,4-linkages of mannans through hydrolysis, thus breaking down the gum polymer into smaller, more water- soluble carbohydrate fragments that can be siphoned out of the washing machine during the spin cycle.","Pectinases Pectinases degrade pectin, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of α-1-4 linked polygalacturonic acid residues with varying side chain branching. During wash, pectinases alter the pectin structure by breaking the pectin backbone, and making them easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.","Pectinases can provide unique stain removal benefits on a wide range of pectin based stains from fresh fruits, such as tomatoes, oranges, bananas and berries. Extracted pectin is used in various processed foods, such as tomato sauces, jams, jellies, low-fat dairy products, and can cause the same type of staining potential in clothes.","Pectins are a family of complex polysaccharides that contain 1,4-linked α-D- galactosyluronic acid residues and are contained in the primary cell walls of terrestrial plants. Pectinases, catalyze the eliminative cleavage of (1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-D- galact-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. This means that pectinases cleave the pectin into smaller molecular fragments to make it easier to remove during wash.","Many of the pectin-based stains, such as those from jams, jellies, berries, and processed tomato, are in general difficult to remove and bleach only masks these stains, thus increasing the risk of soil redeposition. Pectinases fully remove the stains by degrading the pectin, ensuring that clothes are really clean.","Production methods Enzymes were initially produced by extraction from glands of various animals; however, modern enzyme production is done through fermentation of various fungi and bacteria. The steps for production are fermentation, recovery, and standardization. Protein engineering and genetic modification of the production organism are employed in the industry to maximize the performance of the enzymes in conditions that may not be typically conducive, and improve production yields in the manufacturing process.","Fermentation to produce industrial enzymes starts with a vial of dried or frozen microorganisms called a production strain. This production strain is selected to produce large amounts of the enzyme(s) of interest.","Through multiples fermentation steps, where the microorganism is kept at optimal pH, temperature, and nutrient conditions, the desired amount of enzyme is produced. When the main fermentation is complete, the mixture of cells, nutrients, and enzymes, referred to as the broth, is ready for filtration and purification.","Following fermentation is the recovery step. A recovery process typically consists of a pretreatment followed by a primary separation of the enzyme from the biomass. Afterwards, the enzyme is concentrated by removal of water, and unwanted impurities are removed in a purification step.","Following recovery is a formulation or standardization step. Although much effort focuses on finding the right enzyme molecules for a given application, formulation plays a big role in the final use and success of the product. A new enzyme molecule with excellent performance can fail in the market if the enzyme is not stable during transportation and storage. The right formulation can remove these shortcomings, and the importance of having the right formulation should not therefore be underestimated.","The enzyme industry can cover a wide range of enzyme formulations, ranging from liquid products and various forms of solid products to immobilized enzymes.","Common formulations for the detergent industry are: Granulates – dust-free handling Granulates are considered the industry standard for the detergent industry and the formulations against which all other producers measure themselves. They are produced using a unique combination of high-shear granulation and various coating technologies. This results in an effective encapsulation of the enzyme, which isolates it from the environment until the moment the detergent product is dissolved into the washing solution. In addition to ensuring optimal stability of the enzyme while being stored within the detergent, the granulate form also prevents undesired exposures.","Most detergent enzymes are available in a liquid formulation. A liquid product is typically formulated and thus stabilized with polyols, sugars, and/or salts.","The key quality parameters for solid products are typically low dust, particle size, and stability of the enzyme activity. For liquid products, the enzymatic, physical, and microbial stabilities are the three main focus points in the product development.","Sustainable Solution Enzymes are an excellent solution for improving the sustainability profile of detergents. Since one globular enzyme protein is able to work on many molecules of substrate, small amounts of enzymes can offset larger amounts of conventional chemical ingredients. Modern formulas now take advantage of this benefit, typically incorporating more types of enzymes which allow some reduction in the amounts of other ingredients. In addition to high cleaning performance, consumers also benefit with more- compact products, and therefore reduced environmental impact.","This has benefited consumers by allowing the formulation of milder (and safer) detergent products. Related to this, many new “cold wash” products on the market rely on enzymes to provide good cleaning performance at lower washing temperatures, again providing environmental and economic benefits without sacrificing cleaning performance.","There is no standard formula for what amount of enzyme is required to improve the cleaning potential of a detergent or to substitute any other more harmful ingredients. However, that can be determined with the assistance of an enzyme manufacturer.","Increasing the sustainability profile of enzyme products, is the fact that they are naturally occurring and not derived from petroleum based ingredients.","Health and Safety Through many years of testing it has been proven that enzymes have a very safe toxicological profile, lending to their sustainability profile. Enzymes are not mutagenic and not clastogenic. They are not reproductive or developmental toxins and have a low toxicity to aquatic systems.","As mentioned previously, enzymes have the potential to cause inhalation allergy in the occupational setting. This would occur only when the enzyme product is not handled appropriately, and if appropriate personal protective equipment is not employed. Enzyme manufacturers are able to guide formulators on what type of equipment should be used and how best to avoid exposures that may have negative effects. In addition, cleaning product formulators are strongly recommended to incorporate enzyme safety programs as part of their overall industrial hygiene programs in order to avoid any risks in their manufacturing plants. Responsible enzyme manufacturers should provide their customers with assistance in developing their enzyme safety handeling programs as well as guidance in evaluating safety of end-use products."]},"parsed_md":"Enzyme Science | About Cleaning Products\n\nThis website is designed to inform you about Cleaning Products. The history,\nproduct types, ingredients, processes and so much more!\n\n * About Cleaning Products\n\n * Our Purpose\n * Contact Us\n * Types\n\n * Kitchens\n * Bathrooms\n * Laundry\n * Living Areas\n * Ingredients\n\n * Acids & Bases\n * Bleaches\n * Enzymes\n * Surfactants\n * Solvents\n * Chelants\n * Preservatives\n * Biological Technology\n * Process\n\n * Math Behind Cleaning\n * Chemical Energy\n * A Cleaning Solution\n * Green Cleaning\n\n * What is Green Cleaning?\n * Is Green More Clean?\n * What To Look For\n * Home-Made Alternative Mixtures\n * Education\n\n * Cleaning Trivia\n * Fact vs. Fiction\n * Glossary\n * Reading A Label\n * Science\n\n * Review Papers\n * Product Testing\n * Enzyme Science\n * Microorganisms\n * Chelant Science\n * Bleach Science\n * Solvent Science\n * Surfactant Science\n * Links & Additional Information\n\n * News\n * Additional Material\n * Web Links\n\n * Review Papers\n * Product Testing\n * Enzyme Science\n * Microorganisms\n * Solvent Science\n * Surfactant Science\n * Chelant Science\n * Bleach Science\n\n## Enzyme Science\n\nEnzymes Enzymes are long-chain proteins that serve as natural catalysts,\nmeaning that they allow chemical reactions to occur rapidly and efficiently.\nThe building blocks for each enzyme are the 20 naturally occurring amino\nacids. Enzymes are commonly used in paper processing, food manufacture,\nmedical device cleaning, ethanol manufacture, as well as many common household\ncleaning processes such as laundry and dishwashing. In laundry and\ndishwashing, enzymes break down the basic components of stains and soils so\nthey can be washed away more easily. Since one enzyme molecule can act on many\nsubstrate molecules (such as soils and stains), a small amount of enzyme added\nto a laundry detergent can provide a significant cleaning benefit to the\nconsumer.\n\nEnzyme activities are highly-specific to the types of substrates they can work\non. The catalytic function of each protein is determined by its 3-dimensional\nstructure, as well as active sites that are dedicated to the particular\nsubstrate. Enzyme proteins are only active when the specified substrate is\npresent. The various types of actions can be categorized into specific enzyme\nclasses. The most common enzyme types used in the Household care industry are\nproteases, amylases, lipase, cellulases, mannanases, and pectinases. Each type\nmay have many variations of the same protein structure that results in\ndifferent preferences for conditions for peak performance. It has been found\nbeneficial to combine different enzyme types to improve overall stain-fighting\nperformance. Therefore, modern detergents typically contain several enzyme\nactivity types to ensure optimal cleaning of complex soil substrates.\n\nEnzyme products are available in liquid formulations with included\nstabilization systems for liquid detergent applications and also as\nencapsulated granulates for powder detergents and soap bars.\n\nProteases Proteases accelerate the breakdown of proteins into peptides and\nsoluble amino acids. Proteases are basic ingredients in laundry detergents and\nare used worldwide because of their effectiveness on common stain components,\nsuch as food, grass, and blood. Some proteases have an affinity for specific\nprotein soils and the target stain will determine which protease should be\nadded to a detergent formulation.\n\nAmylases Amylases accelerate the breakdown of starch-based stains from foods\nsuch as such as cereals, gravies, potato and pasta dishes, etc. In laundry,\namylases ensure complete removal of starch at low wash temperatures.\n\nStarch is a long chained carbohydrate consisting of glucose molecules bound\ntogether by alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds. During wash, certain amylases catalyze\nthe hydrolysis of alpha-1,4- bonds in starch, leading to the decomposition of\nstarch into soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. Unlike starch, dextrins and\noligosaccharides are easily soluble in water and are therefore easier to\nremove from the fabrics during wash.\n\nLipases Lipases accelerate the breakdown of tri-glycerides (lipids) into fatty\nacids and glycerol and are applied in laundry detergents to improve the\nremoval of body stains on collars and cuffs and non-mineral oil and fat, such\nas lipstick, butter, vegetable oil, and others, from fabric surfaces.\n\nFatty material trapped inside cotton fibers can give rise to discolored spots\non laundry and cannot be removed effectively at medium-to-low washing\ntemperatures without using lipase. With lipases the trapped fatty material\ntrapped in the cotton fibers is hydrolyzed to less hydrophobic substances\nwhich are easier to remove.\n\nCellulases Cellulases are used in laundry detergents to obtain cleaning and\ncolor care and improve overall cleanness. Cellulases also help maintain the\nbrightness of colors on cotton fibers by reducing build-up of fuzz and pills\non knitted garments that occurs due to normal wear and washing.\n\nRepeated washing and wearing damages cotton fibers, resulting in areas with\nbristly cellulose microfibrils (“fuzz”). These microfibrils trap particulate\ndirt, for instance from outdoor soiling, during the wash. This prevents whites\nfrom staying white and makes colored and striped clothes look dull. Cellulases\ncleave off such damaged microfibrils and releases any captured dirt particles,\npreventing particulate soil from depositing and preventing fabric graying.\n\nNot only can bristly cellulose fibers attract particulate soils during the\nwash, they can also make it more difficult for the other ingredients in the\ndetergent to remove stains. Cellulases aid primary stain removal by modifying\nthe surface of cellulosic fibers and fabrics, making it easier for the stain\nto come loose.\n\nCutting off fibrils that bind particulate soils also helps rejuvenate clothes,\nmaking them appear whiter and newer.\n\nMannanases Mannanases remove mannan stains. Mannanases break down mannans and\neffectively remove food stains containing guar gum or locust bean gum,\nthereby, increasing in-depth cleaning by removing the adhesive mannan.\nIncomplete removal of these types of stains may result in fabric graying.\n\nMannans or galactomannans are polysaccharides consisting of a mannose backbone\nlinked together by b-1,4-linkages with side-chains of galactose attached to\nthe backbone by α-1,6 linkages.\n\nDuring wash, Mannaway cleaves the b-1,4-linkages of mannans through\nhydrolysis, thus breaking down the gum polymer into smaller, more water-\nsoluble carbohydrate fragments that can be siphoned out of the washing machine\nduring the spin cycle.\n\nPectinases Pectinases degrade pectin, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of\nα-1-4 linked polygalacturonic acid residues with varying side chain branching.\nDuring wash, pectinases alter the pectin structure by breaking the pectin\nbackbone, and making them easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.\n\nPectinases can provide unique stain removal benefits on a wide range of pectin\nbased stains from fresh fruits, such as tomatoes, oranges, bananas and\nberries. Extracted pectin is used in various processed foods, such as tomato\nsauces, jams, jellies, low-fat dairy products, and can cause the same type of\nstaining potential in clothes.\n\nPectins are a family of complex polysaccharides that contain 1,4-linked α-D-\ngalactosyluronic acid residues and are contained in the primary cell walls of\nterrestrial plants. Pectinases, catalyze the eliminative cleavage of\n(1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-D-\ngalact-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. This means that\npectinases cleave the pectin into smaller molecular fragments to make it\neasier to remove during wash.\n\nMany of the pectin-based stains, such as those from jams, jellies, berries,\nand processed tomato, are in general difficult to remove and bleach only masks\nthese stains, thus increasing the risk of soil redeposition. Pectinases fully\nremove the stains by degrading the pectin, ensuring that clothes are really\nclean.\n\nProduction methods Enzymes were initially produced by extraction from glands\nof various animals; however, modern enzyme production is done through\nfermentation of various fungi and bacteria. The steps for production are\nfermentation, recovery, and standardization. Protein engineering and genetic\nmodification of the production organism are employed in the industry to\nmaximize the performance of the enzymes in conditions that may not be\ntypically conducive, and improve production yields in the manufacturing\nprocess.\n\nFermentation to produce industrial enzymes starts with a vial of dried or\nfrozen microorganisms called a production strain. This production strain is\nselected to produce large amounts of the enzyme(s) of interest.\n\nThrough multiples fermentation steps, where the microorganism is kept at\noptimal pH, temperature, and nutrient conditions, the desired amount of enzyme\nis produced. When the main fermentation is complete, the mixture of cells,\nnutrients, and enzymes, referred to as the broth, is ready for filtration and\npurification.\n\nFollowing fermentation is the recovery step. A recovery process typically\nconsists of a pretreatment followed by a primary separation of the enzyme from\nthe biomass. Afterwards, the enzyme is concentrated by removal of water, and\nunwanted impurities are removed in a purification step.\n\nFollowing recovery is a formulation or standardization step. Although much\neffort focuses on finding the right enzyme molecules for a given application,\nformulation plays a big role in the final use and success of the product. A\nnew enzyme molecule with excellent performance can fail in the market if the\nenzyme is not stable during transportation and storage. The right formulation\ncan remove these shortcomings, and the importance of having the right\nformulation should not therefore be underestimated.\n\nThe enzyme industry can cover a wide range of enzyme formulations, ranging\nfrom liquid products and various forms of solid products to immobilized\nenzymes.\n\nCommon formulations for the detergent industry are: Granulates – dust-free\nhandling Granulates are considered the industry standard for the detergent\nindustry and the formulations against which all other producers measure\nthemselves. They are produced using a unique combination of high-shear\ngranulation and various coating technologies. This results in an effective\nencapsulation of the enzyme, which isolates it from the environment until the\nmoment the detergent product is dissolved into the washing solution. In\naddition to ensuring optimal stability of the enzyme while being stored within\nthe detergent, the granulate form also prevents undesired exposures.\n\nLiquid formulations – convenient to handle on both small and large scale\n\nMost detergent enzymes are available in a liquid formulation. A liquid product\nis typically formulated and thus stabilized with polyols, sugars, and/or\nsalts.\n\nThe key quality parameters for solid products are typically low dust, particle\nsize, and stability of the enzyme activity. For liquid products, the\nenzymatic, physical, and microbial stabilities are the three main focus points\nin the product development.\n\nSustainable Solution Enzymes are an excellent solution for improving the\nsustainability profile of detergents. Since one globular enzyme protein is\nable to work on many molecules of substrate, small amounts of enzymes can\noffset larger amounts of conventional chemical ingredients. Modern formulas\nnow take advantage of this benefit, typically incorporating more types of\nenzymes which allow some reduction in the amounts of other ingredients. In\naddition to high cleaning performance, consumers also benefit with more-\ncompact products, and therefore reduced environmental impact.\n\nEnzymes are stable at moderate pH and temperature.\n\nThis has benefited consumers by allowing the formulation of milder (and safer)\ndetergent products. Related to this, many new “cold wash” products on the\nmarket rely on enzymes to provide good cleaning performance at lower washing\ntemperatures, again providing environmental and economic benefits without\nsacrificing cleaning performance.\n\nThere is no standard formula for what amount of enzyme is required to improve\nthe cleaning potential of a detergent or to substitute any other more harmful\ningredients. However, that can be determined with the assistance of an enzyme\nmanufacturer.\n\nIncreasing the sustainability profile of enzyme products, is the fact that\nthey are naturally occurring and not derived from petroleum based ingredients.\n\nHealth and Safety Through many years of testing it has been proven that\nenzymes have a very safe toxicological profile, lending to their\nsustainability profile. Enzymes are not mutagenic and not clastogenic. They\nare not reproductive or developmental toxins and have a low toxicity to\naquatic systems.\n\nAs mentioned previously, enzymes have the potential to cause inhalation\nallergy in the occupational setting. This would occur only when the enzyme\nproduct is not handled appropriately, and if appropriate personal protective\nequipment is not employed. Enzyme manufacturers are able to guide formulators\non what type of equipment should be used and how best to avoid exposures that\nmay have negative effects. In addition, cleaning product formulators are\nstrongly recommended to incorporate enzyme safety programs as part of their\noverall industrial hygiene programs in order to avoid any risks in their\nmanufacturing plants. Responsible enzyme manufacturers should provide their\ncustomers with assistance in developing their enzyme safety handeling programs\nas well as guidance in evaluating safety of end-use products.\n\n### About\n\n * Our Purpose\n * Contact Us\n\n### Types\n\n * Kitchens\n * Bathrooms\n * Laundry\n * Living Areas\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * Acids & Bases\n * Bleaches\n * Enzymes\n * Surfactants\n * Solvents\n * Chelants\n * Preservatives\n * Biological Technology\n\n### Process\n\n * Math Behind Cleaning\n * Chemical Energy\n * A Cleaning Solution\n\n### Green Cleaning\n\n * What is Green Cleaning?\n * Is Green More Clean?\n * What To Look For\n * Home-Made Alternative Mixtures\n\n### Education\n\n * Cleaning Trivia\n * Fact vs. Fiction\n * Web Links\n * Glossary\n * Reading A Label\n\n### Science\n\n * Review Papers\n * Product Testing\n * Microorganisms\n * Enzyme Science\n * Chelant Science\n * Bleach Science\n * Solvent Science\n * Surfactant Science\n\n### Media\n\n * News\n * Additional Material\n * Web Links\n\n* © 2012 AboutCleaningProducts.com All Rights Reserved\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.dettol.co.uk:80/healthy-homes/pets/pet-specific-cleaning-issues/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170504173515/http://www.dettol.co.uk:80/healthy-homes/pets/pet-specific-cleaning-issues/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Cleaning tips for pet owners\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site without disabling them, you consent to our use of cookies. To learn more about the types of cookies we use, please view our cookie policy\",\n \"If you own a pet, you probably consider them a valued member of the family. So you won’t be surprised to learn that according to medical research, pet owners are more likely to have lower stress levels, increased overall health and an improved quality of life compared to those who don’t have a furry companion*.\",\n \"But our pets love nothing better than running about outside, chewing and playing with nearly anything that moves, picking up bacteria and other germs as they go...\",\n \"So that’s why it’s important to take a few extra steps to help ensure they don’t inadvertently spread these germs in your home.\",\n \"Equally, you want to take measures to ensure the cleaning products you are using in your home are safe to use around pets.\",\n \"Pets carry bacteria and other germs on their paws, fur and in their mouths. Sometimes these microbes can be harmful to us, even though your pet may not show any symptoms.\",\n \"Some of the germs that pets carry, like salmonella and staphylococcus can cause infections in humans. Although it is very rare to pick up these infections from your pet, practicing good hygiene can still help to protect the whole family by reducing the risk.\",\n \"Keep claws trimmed to reduce the risk of scratches – dogs and cats paws and nails can pick up dirt and inadvertently transfer it to you or your children, causing an infection.\",\n \"Keep an up-to-date record of their vaccinations at home or with their veterinarian so you know when they are due.\",\n \"Check your pet regularly for signs of ill health. If you think something is wrong, Seek advice from your vet.\",\n \"Do not use antiseptic cream designed for humans on pet’s wounds (as they will often lick/ingest creams). Speak to your vet if a pet’s wounds needs treating.\",\n \"Help protect your family by following these simple hygiene practices and you, your family and your pets can life safely and healthily together.\",\n \"Give your pets their own feeding bowl and pet-food serving utensils, which are stored and cleaned separately from other household dishes.\",\n \"Regularly clean and disinfect your pet’s feeding bowl and utensils with pet-friendly products. Rinse items thoroughly with clean hot water and dry before re-use.\",\n \"Use pet-safe products to clean and disinfect the floor area where your pets eat their food. Quite often, they can spill water, saliva or food particles that can quickly become contaminated with bacteria – especially on a warm day.\",\n \"Although it can be tempting, avoid letting your pet share your plate or lick your face as germs can be transferred.\",\n \"Its important not to allow pets to climb on surfaces where food is prepared or served, as they can spread germs from their paws or fur. The inquisitive nature of cats means they just can’t resist exploring all the nooks and crannies of your home. Even ‘off-limit’ areas like kitchen counters are sometimes frequented when no one is looking...\",\n \"To be safe, make sure you spray or wipe counter tops and food areas with an antibacterial product before preparing and serving food.\",\n \"• Entryways/floors frequented by pets coming in from outdoors and litter box areas should be given special attention • Muddy paws can trap in bacteria and other germs. Keep a spare towel at the door to wipe dogs feet if you can • Clean and disinfect floors regularly in busy pet entry-ways and near litter boxes. • Station litter boxes away from where inquisitive toddlers can reach them.\",\n \"Use un-fragranced/low fragranced detergents and skip the highly scented fabric softeners or dryer sheets - your pet’s nose can be quite sensitive to fragrance\",\n \"Never use bleach when a pet soils your carpet or floors - the ammonia in the urine will react with bleach and give off harmful fumes.\",\n \"When cleaning floors, try to prevent pets from walking across them until they are dry, since pets groom their paws and fur with their tongues.\",\n \"Avoid cleaning pet cages and fish tanks in your kitchen sink. Clean them outside if you can, using a bucket of fresh soapy water, or a pet-friendly detergent.\",\n \"Pregnant women should avoid cleaning cat litter trays, as a harmful parasite in cat’s faeces can cause toxoplasmosis. If there is no alternative, wear rubber gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. If you have an outdoor cat, avoid gardening without gloves.\",\n \"Whilst your pet may be a member of your family, take these top tips to reduce your family or friends allergic reactions to your pets.\",\n \"You’ve been washing your hands all your life – but have you been doing it correctly? Good hand washing technique is critical to make sure you are protecting yourself and others from the spread of harmful germs. Find out how you should be washing your hands with our simple guide.\",\n \"Want to find out about allergies, allergy symptoms and more facts about common allergies that can affect us all? Read all about allergies here with Dettol.\",\n \"©2014 Reckitt Benckiser. All rights reserved. DETTOL and DETTOL logo are trade marks of the Reckitt Benckiser Group of Companies. Dettol Antiseptic Wash, Dettol Liquid and Dettol Antiseptic Cream are medicines. Always read the label. UK/CC/0914/0187\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Cleaning tips for pet owners\\n\\n## Cookies\\n\\nThis site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site without disabling\\nthem, you consent to our use of cookies. To learn more about the types of\\ncookies we use, please view our cookie policy\\n\\nOK\\n\\nOpen Search Close Search\\n\\nLysol\\n\\n# Pets and Hygiene\\n\\n## Essential cleaning tips for pet owners\\n\\nShare This Page. -\\n\\nIf you own a pet, you probably consider them a valued member of the family. So\\nyou won’t be surprised to learn that according to medical research, pet owners\\nare more likely to have lower stress levels, increased overall health and an\\nimproved quality of life compared to those who don’t have a furry companion*.\\n\\nBut our pets love nothing better than running about outside, chewing and\\nplaying with nearly anything that moves, picking up bacteria and other germs\\nas they go...\\n\\nSo that’s why it’s important to take a few extra steps to help ensure they\\ndon’t inadvertently spread these germs in your home.\\n\\nEqually, you want to take measures to ensure the cleaning products you are\\nusing in your home are safe to use around pets.\\n\\nWhy do pet owners need to take extra care?\\n\\nPets carry bacteria and other germs on their paws, fur and in their mouths.\\nSometimes these microbes can be harmful to us, even though your pet may not\\nshow any symptoms.\\n\\nCan I catch a disease from my pet?\\n\\nSome of the germs that pets carry, like salmonella and staphylococcus can\\ncause infections in humans. Although it is very rare to pick up these\\ninfections from your pet, practicing good hygiene can still help to protect\\nthe whole family by reducing the risk.\\n\\nReducing the risk of infection\\n\\n * Cats and dogs should be treated for fleas and ticks regularly, as well as intestinal worms and parasites.\\n * Keep claws trimmed to reduce the risk of scratches – dogs and cats paws and nails can pick up dirt and inadvertently transfer it to you or your children, causing an infection.\\n\\nProtecting your Pet\\n\\n * The most important step in protecting your beloved pet is to make sure they stay healthy\\n * Pets should be vaccinated regularly to protect them from preventable diseases.\\n * Keep an up-to-date record of their vaccinations at home or with their veterinarian so you know when they are due.\\n * Cats and dogs should be treated for fleas and ticks regularly, as well as intestinal worms and parasites.\\n * Check your pet regularly for signs of ill health. If you think something is wrong, Seek advice from your vet.\\n * Do not give pets human medicine or pain killers. Seek veterinary advice\\n * Do not use antiseptic cream designed for humans on pet’s wounds (as they will often lick/ingest creams). Speak to your vet if a pet’s wounds needs treating.\\n\\nHealthy home with Pets:\\n\\nHelp protect your family by following these simple hygiene practices and you,\\nyour family and your pets can life safely and healthily together.\\n\\nHealthy Hands:\\n\\n * Wash your hands after petting or playing with pets, their toys, leads or leashes, cages, blankets, bedding, etc.\\n * Wash hands before preparing or serving food.\\n * Encourage children to wash their hands before eating, especially if they have been in contact with pets.\\n\\nFeeding Tips:\\n\\n * Give your pets their own feeding bowl and pet-food serving utensils, which are stored and cleaned separately from other household dishes.\\n * If possible, position your pet’s feeding station away from the kitchen to reduce the risk of spreading germs.\\n * Regularly clean and disinfect your pet’s feeding bowl and utensils with pet-friendly products. Rinse items thoroughly with clean hot water and dry before re-use.\\n * Use pet-safe products to clean and disinfect the floor area where your pets eat their food. Quite often, they can spill water, saliva or food particles that can quickly become contaminated with bacteria – especially on a warm day.\\n * Remember, pets have sensitive noses and paws, so avoid highly fragranced products that can cause irritation.\\n * Although it can be tempting, avoid letting your pet share your plate or lick your face as germs can be transferred.\\n\\nPets on kitchen surfaces:\\n\\n * Its important not to allow pets to climb on surfaces where food is prepared or served, as they can spread germs from their paws or fur. The inquisitive nature of cats means they just can’t resist exploring all the nooks and crannies of your home. Even ‘off-limit’ areas like kitchen counters are sometimes frequented when no one is looking...\\n * To be safe, make sure you spray or wipe counter tops and food areas with an antibacterial product before preparing and serving food.\\n\\nHealthy Floors:\\n\\n * • Entryways/floors frequented by pets coming in from outdoors and litter box areas should be given special attention • Muddy paws can trap in bacteria and other germs. Keep a spare towel at the door to wipe dogs feet if you can • Clean and disinfect floors regularly in busy pet entry-ways and near litter boxes. • Station litter boxes away from where inquisitive toddlers can reach them.\\n\\nHealthy Bedding:\\n\\n * When buying pet beds, look for those with removable covers and wash pet bedding regularly\\n * Use a laundry sanitizer to help eliminate germs and allergens while removing fur, odours and bacteria.\\n * Use un-fragranced/low fragranced detergents and skip the highly scented fabric softeners or dryer sheets - your pet’s nose can be quite sensitive to fragrance\\n * If your pets sleep on you or your kid’s bed, make sure you wash and sanitise bed linens regularly\\n\\nSafe Cleaning Tips:\\n\\n * Never use bleach when a pet soils your carpet or floors - the ammonia in the urine will react with bleach and give off harmful fumes.\\n * Avoid using any ammonia-based products, as the ammonia smell may encourage your pet to ‘mark’ the area.\\n * Avoid harsh chemicals when cleaning areas pets frequent, and/or rinse well with warm water.\\n * When cleaning floors, try to prevent pets from walking across them until they are dry, since pets groom their paws and fur with their tongues.\\n * If your puppy is prone to drinking from the toilet, avoid in-the-bowl toilet cleaners, or keep the lid closed\\n * Keep cleaning products safely stored in cupboards with caps screwed on tightly, to avoid accidental ingestion.\\n * Avoid cleaning pet cages and fish tanks in your kitchen sink. Clean them outside if you can, using a bucket of fresh soapy water, or a pet-friendly detergent.\\n * Pregnant women should avoid cleaning cat litter trays, as a harmful parasite in cat’s faeces can cause toxoplasmosis. If there is no alternative, wear rubber gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. If you have an outdoor cat, avoid gardening without gloves.\\n\\n## Related Products\\n\\n### Dettol Antibacterial Original Liquid Hand wash\\n\\n### Dettol Antibacterial Cleansing Surface Wipes\\n\\n### Dettol Antibacterial Surface Cleanser\\n\\nShare This Page. -\\n\\n### Also in this section:\\n\\n * Pet Allergies\\n * Preparing Dog for Baby with the Help of Cleaning Products\\n * Your Pets & Your Child: Cleaning Tips for Baby Safety\\n\\n### Pet allergies\\n\\nWhilst your pet may be a member of your family, take these top tips to reduce\\nyour family or friends allergic reactions to your pets.\\n\\n### How to wash hands\\n\\nYou’ve been washing your hands all your life – but have you been doing it\\ncorrectly? Good hand washing technique is critical to make sure you are\\nprotecting yourself and others from the spread of harmful germs. Find out how\\nyou should be washing your hands with our simple guide.\\n\\n### Allergies\\n\\nWant to find out about allergies, allergy symptoms and more facts about common\\nallergies that can affect us all? Read all about allergies here with Dettol.\\n\\nTop of Page\\n\\n#### Explore Dettol^®\\n\\n * Our Products\\n * Our Mission\\n * Your Home\\n * Your Family\\n * Illness & Prevention\\n\\n#### Connect With Us\\n\\nLysol\\n\\n©2014 Reckitt Benckiser. All rights reserved. DETTOL and DETTOL logo are trade\\nmarks of the Reckitt Benckiser Group of Companies. Dettol Antiseptic Wash,\\nDettol Liquid and Dettol Antiseptic Cream are medicines. Always read the\\nlabel. UK/CC/0914/0187\\n\\n * Sitemap\\n * Terms & Conditions\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Contact Us\\n * Careers\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201206013526/https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Follow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on Instagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\",\n \"Aww. . .our furry family members. What would we do without these cuties? In return for their unconditional love we tend to their every need, we baby them, we talk to them in high pitched voices (because we think they like it) and we let them get away with some things even our children aren’t allowed to do. Are you with me? I’m guilty as charged.\",\n \"Meet Belle. Belle came into our family this last February and she just turned 9 months old at the beginning of July. She’s an English Cream Golden Retriever. . . and a complete firecracker. We love her to pieces.\",\n \"There were certain things I didn’t want her doing that our last golden retriever was famous for. From the beginning, we taught Belle that she was not allowed to:\",\n \"We’re also crate training her, so to make her feel at home (since she’s not allowed on our bed), we have an oversize crate that she sleeps in at night (we’ve upgraded since a few months ago) and bought Belle, her very own monkey blanket. She likes monkeys? Well, we think so. She likes the blanket, so that means she must like monkeys, too, right? Right.\",\n \"So, she takes this blanket everywhere. She sleeps with it at night, she takes it on car rides, and once and awhile, she likes to drag it outside into the front yard with her, too. For those of you who have a pup (or a kitty for that matter) that loves to cuddle up with blankets (even those that are not their own) you’re going to start nodding your head after this next statement. . .after some time, the blankets tend to get. . .well, STINKY. Truth.\",\n \"For those of you who may allow your pets up on your bed (we did for our last dog), you may have the same problem with your comforter or duvet. Because let’s face it, when animals are laying on something soft like a blanket or a comforter, they’re in their happy place.\",\n \"They’re thinking, “Whew, it’s been a day. Thank goodness for this nice, soft, comfy spot to relax. I think I’ll lay right here and clean myself up real good – lick all the dirt out of my fur and paws. This blanket doesn’t taste half bad either, you know? I think I’ll just chew on it awhile – hmmm. . . maybe just hold it here in my mouth. Hey, there’s a piece of one of my favorite treats stuck to the corner over here. Wow, what a good day – WHAT a good day!”\",\n \"All I know is what goes through mine when I picked up the blanket and got a whiff of that wonderful doggy odor.\",\n \"Let’s set the story straight before we get too far along. Belle is really a very clean dog. Belle, herself, does not smell “doggy.” The only time she really smells like a dog is when she’s wet. And all dogs smell like a dog when they’re wet, right? If I’m wrong on this one, let me know, but from my experience, this is the gosh darn truth.\",\n \"Why am I so caught up about cleanliness? She’s a dog! Yes, she is, but one of my pet peeves (“pet” peeve, get it?) is petting (that may be the most times I’ve said “pet” in a sentence ever) a dog and ending up with a smelly hand. Ick. It just turns me off and I purposely avoid the dog. Which is really sad, because I’m completely and utterly in love with pups.\",\n \"I do what I can to make sure Belle never turns anyone’s hand ripe. I use Dry Dog Shampoo on her about once a week and give her a deeper cleaning if she ever gets in a real dirty situation.\",\n \"Ummm. . .like that one. Yep, that was a good day (for her). Boy did she have fun (this happens a lot).\",\n \"Even though I’m pretty meticulous about keeping Belle clean – over time, even the cleanest pets can muster up enough stink to make you turn up your nose. That’s what happened with Belle’s monkey blanket. I held it up to my nose one day and couldn’t believe what I was smelling. I immediately took it to the laundry room and threw it in the washer – then the dryer – with a couple extra dryer sheets.\",\n \"When it was dry, I held it up to my nose again. I sniffed even harder and deeper this time. I was so excited to take in that freshly-washed blanket smell. . .but wait, hold on. Something was wrong. I suddenly became disgusted AGAIN. The smell was STILL there! WHAT?!!\",\n \"Why does this happen? It doesn’t happen with our clothes. What is it about pet smells that just seem to linger? I remember our good friends leaving one of their dogs blankets up at our lake cabin after a nice long holiday weekend. Wow did it stink. Like, fill a room up. . .stink. We put it in a garbage bag, tied it up tight and delivered it as soon as we were able. You know what they ended up doing with it? They threw it out. It was that bad.\",\n \"So, remembering that incident, and now finding myself in a similar situation, I was on a mission to rid Belle’s monkey blanket of that stubborn doggy smell. Normal laundry detergent and softener just wasn’t cutting it.\",\n \"I experimented with a few different things before I found the miracle combination – yep, I found it. I finally figured out how to remove pet smells from blankets!\",\n \"If you’re facing the same stinky dilemma that I was, you best stick around. . . because if you try this, the results are going to blow your mind.\",\n \"Do a warm water wash and add your detergent to the washer like normal. Throw in the blanket or comforter.\",\n \"Fill the softener dispenser with 1/2 cup vinegar. If your washer doesn’t have a dispenser add the vinegar during the last rinse cycle.\",\n \"When the washer stopped, I went to smell my blanket again. This time, there was no doggy smell! None. Zilch. Nada. I ran to tell Josh right away with the blanket in hand. I stuck it right up to his nose yelling, “Smell this!” He initially resisted because he knew what it smelled like before, but when I explained to him I truly did get the smell out this time, he took a big whiff and was as amazed as I was.\",\n \"You’re running to gather the ingredients already, aren’t you? Well, you should be! I hope this method works as well for you as it did for us. I am completely amazed, and can’t stop sharing my discovery with my friends!\",\n \"They’ll be talking to me about a movie they just saw and I’ll just reply with, “Do you have any stinky blankets you need cleaned? Like real stinky? Cause’ I know how to get the smell out!” I’ve become a bit “obsessed.” LOL While I wouldn’t recommend you ask crazy questions like this of your friends, my friends have come to completely understand (they’ve known me awhile) my madness.\",\n \"So, what are you waiting for? Start filling that washer, grab those smelly blankets and bedding and REMOVE THAT DOGGY STINK!!\",\n \"Notes: I’ve used the hydrogen peroxide each time I’ve done this and I’ve never had a problem with it discoloring her blanket. The peroxide/washing soda combination basically acts like an oxygen bleach – similar to Oxy Clean that you would buy from the store. I do want to mention, however, that I DID use Oxy Clean in one of my earlier attempts to remove the smells and it was unsuccessful.\",\n \"Spend some time over at their fantastic blog and don’t forget to check them out on social media: Facebook | Twitter | Google + | Pinterest\",\n \"Ok first your dog is Gorgeous!!! Such a sweetie! I have 2 schnauzers and they are my babies! They do tend to get a little stinky sometimes too. This is a great tip! Thanks for sharing!\",\n \"This is great! I have a Golden Retriever (we think he is mixed with Collie so lots of hair!) and he LOVES the water! The only downside is the smell afterwards... Thank you for the tips since my daughter always puts a blanket on him... Haha. The colour of your dog is beautiful!\",\n \"Your doggy is so adorable, Sara! All of that fluffy, white fur is just beautiful on her. 🙂 And I CANNOT WAIT to try this out! We have an English Bulldog who snuggles on anything she can find; pillows, blankets, stuffed animals, whatever! And she can get pretty stinky. This sounds like the solution I’ve been needing!\",\n \"Belle is so adorable! Animals really do bring so much joy to families but cleaning up after them can be a hassle. Love the tips here! Perfect for so many applications!\",\n \"I was wondering if this could work in a top loader? I don’t think my dispenser will hold 3/4 cup of cleaner, plus they would mix right away before ever getting near the clothes. Does it matter if the washing soda and vinegar sit together for a bit? Thanks!\",\n \"Jennifer, my machine is a top loader as well. If you’re concerned about the vinegar mixing right away, just add it during the rinse cycle rather than putting it in the cup for the softener.\",\n \"tried it, and it came out fresh smelling. the last two comforters had to be thrown away. Thank you for sharing\",\n \"Hi. I have a front loader. Can u tell me where to add the peroxide? Vinegar? Baking soda? Do I just throw these directly into the drum?\",\n \"The peroxide should be added to the detergent dispenser and the WASHING SODA (not baking soda) could be added to the drum. The vinegar should go into the softener dispenser. Good luck!\",\n \"So the regular detergent we use is added to the same place the peroxide goes? So it gets mixed? I initially got it wrong and put the washing soda in the drum, peroxide where detergent goes and vinegar to the fabric softener. It came out ok. Took the sour part of the dog smell out but not all of it. Basically good not great. but I never used detergent. Also are your measurements for a large load? Thanks for any input.\",\n \"I have a top loader, so I put the detergent and peroxide into the drum with the blanket and I put the vinegar in my softener dispenser. When I wash her blanket I normally don’t wash anything else with it, so it’s a pretty small load. If you’re washing a larger load, try doubling the peroxide and vinegar. Good luck and let me know how it turns out!\",\n \"Such a great discovery! I will put the dog blankets for washing straightaway! I also have dogs and I know what kind of mess makers there fluffy and adorable doggies are so I am armed with a steam cleaner, Eureka Brushroll vacuum and a doggie bathroom. We spend a lot of time out with the dogs and sometimes after it rains they are very dirty and if you let them in the house like this it could be a disaster! Thanks for the helpful post! 🙂\",\n \"I get so excited when I hear that someone is going to try this at home. I promise you it works! You’re going to be so impressed!\",\n \"I have a furry baby the same breed except black. I come home from work -I am a nurse and crawl into bed only to get up and find the frebreze. I’ m ready to retire and getting recipes to make my own cleaning products. I am taking everything off the bed and into the washer.God bless . will be following you.\",\n \"Thanks Sara for this tip, I knew that baking soda is good to remove pet smells from blankets, but it is better when I use with hydrogen peroxide and vinegar\",\n \"You are so welcome! Yes, the peroxide really is the magic ingredient I think! Some people have also had luck just washing with baking soda, but I think the hydrogen peroxide is a must!\",\n \"Where do you find the washing soda? We have 3 fur babies.....2 Yorkies and a English Springer Spaniel (he’s 9 months old). I really need to do this!!!!! ??\",\n \"Hi Debbie! You have your hands full with those fur babies! 🙂 You can find washing soda in the same aisle as laundry detergent. In our local Walmart it is usually by some of the stain fighting products like Oxiclean, etc.\",\n \"Did this today with my dogs bed and blanket. It certainly worked and I will be washing his stuff this way from now on!!\",\n \"I hate having blankets that smell like dog. Don’t get me wrong, I love my dog, but she does not smell very good. So, thanks for the tips on getting the smell out. I have never heard of washing soda before, but I will have to try it out.\",\n \"I’m very excited to try this tonight! I had two questions, but the first question about where to put everything in a front loader was already asked and answered! Thank you!\",\n \"I have two catahoula leopards (yes, they are dogs!). Both are about 75 pounds and big babies! Aros is 7 and Barbie is 9.5. Barbie has very sensitive skin to chemicals such as Febreze, so I try to keep her stuff as natural as possible which is why I’m excited for your post.\",\n \"I can’t wait to hear how your blankets turned out, Jenna. In winter I do throw the blankets in the dryer – in summer, I’ll hang them outside on the side of our deck or a clothesline.\",\n \"My Olde English Bulldog is very allergic to Febreeze. My vet said most dogs have an allergic reaction to it.\",\n \"I have 2 Black and Tan Coonhounds and a Bloodhound. They get a good funk going as a pack, but mostly our Bloodhound is the big stinker! I made custom beds out of washable heavy upholstery and couldn’t get the smell out when I washed. I used 1/2 cup Borax, 1/2 cup Oxi Clean, 1/2 cup vodka, 1/4 cup peroxide (in my front loader detergent compartments) and then 1/2 cup vinegar in rinse (fabric softer compartment). Amazing results! Completely smell free when it came out! I freshen up with 1/2 water, 1/2 vodka and a few drops of tea tree oil on beds, chairs, couches, and carpets. Thank you for the wonderful advice.\",\n \"OMG....thank you so much for this recipe!!! I have two fur babies that like to take over all my blankets and even though they get regular baths they STINK up all my blankets ??. I have washed two loads already and am now washing my towels in the same stuff. Everything smells so fresh!! Now off to bath the fur babies so they smell just as clean!!\",\n \"I’m so glad it worked so well for you! Glad your blankets, towels and fur babies are now all squeaky clean!\",\n \"I Dont care to read a novel first, about your dog and then eventually read about the remedy to remove the smells from blankets twenty chapters later.\",\n \"Thanks for stopping by. I’m sorry you didn’t enjoy reading about our dog, Belle. We’re pretty fond of her around here and she’s part of our family. . .and this site. I hope the recipe works for you and I appreciate you leaving a comment.\",\n \"Is there a formula using washing soda for something that can’t go in the washer? Say...a stinky outdoor rug that can be hosed down? Thanks for your tips!\",\n \"You could try hand washing/scrubbing the rug with the same ingredients. Amounts don’t need to be perfect. Just the combination should do the job. Good luck!\",\n \"I have several dogs, never thought I’d find something that would take that doggie smell away. Thanks for your pin. I tried it and it works. I’m know using it all the time for other smells I want knocked out of my laundry.\",\n \"I can’t wait to try this! I have 3 fur babies and don’t have an odor problem with the 2 bigger dogs bedding it’s the mini pin chihuahua mix blankets that really smell. I can pre soak & wash multiple times with vinegar, odoBan & detergent, they come out smelling really clean, the problem is when I go to change out her bedding all the clean blankets smell again. I even have to keep her blankets in the garage because they made the closet smell so bad. So my question is does this recipe last longer than just out of the wash?\",\n \"Penny, I can’t wait to hear if this worked for you and what you think. To make things last longer, maybe you could try applying dry shampoo on your pups between baths. It may keep their bedding smelling nicer for longer, too!\",\n \"So itll work on any kind of a pee in general? Could I just wash it in warm water with detergent and softener, or will there still me a smell or a stain? My blanket is light purple on the inside and purple floral flowers on the front.\",\n \"I used this today in my front loader on some stinky dog smell blankets and it worked well, no smell at all. I put the peroxide in with the detergent, the vinegar in the fabric softener dispenser and the washing soda in the drum. Very happy, thank you!\",\n \"Thank you!! Bought an old couch for the playroom and some of the cushion covers had a dog smell. I’d washed them several times and my bionic nose could still smell it but this actually made them smell sweet!!\",\n \"This method worked WONDERS for me! Thank you so much! My throw blankets and couch covers always smell faintly dog like even after a wash and I hate offering them to guests but I just tried this method and the smell is ENTIRELY gone! I did a large load of blankets and just doubled the vinegar and peroxide and it worked perfectly. From a fellow pup lover/smell hater, thank you! Next step is to try the dry shampoo!\",\n \"OMG! It totally worked! I had a group of dog blankets that smelled like...ummmm, frankly, butt! I have had them cleaned many times and they’ve always returned with a foul smell. I tried your recipe and nothing. No butt, no foul! I am so happy...next, the dog bed....thank you for the wonderful suggestion!\",\n \"I’m so glad it worked for you, Mari! Isn’t it freeing to know you finally discovered a solution to remove the stink?! LOL\",\n \"Hi there any tips on where to find washing soda? All my local stores only carry there baking soda... anything else that would work that might be easier to find?\",\n \"Do you have a Walmart close by or are you in the states that you can order online? https://www.walmart.com/ip/Arm-Hammer-Super-Washing-Soda- Booster-55-Oz/19407690\",\n \"This sounds like a real odor cure. I do have one question, though. Are the proportions you listed for a small, medium or large load? I have 2 queen size fleece blankets that my granddaughter’s dog plopped on while they were in the laundry basket waiting their turn for the dryer. My washer has a huge tub and both will fit at the same time.\",\n \"I think you should be able to keep the recipe as is and see how the blankets turn out. If you still sense an odor, you can try to strengthen the amount of ingredients used.\",\n \"This worked like a dream! My granddaughter’s 2 fleece blankets that her huge dog mistakenly cuddled up in were near being trashed, because after 3 attempts with expensive odor removers just failed miserably. I doubled the recipe because the blankets were each queen size, and used less detergent, as the blankets had just been through washings. What a surprise when removing them from the washer! Absolutely no odor. The same result after drying. Thank you, thank you, thank you.\",\n \"sounds great when you have a blanket, we have 2 Dobermans laying on the outside furniture , what about pillowcases that dont come off the pillow can you make a mixture in a bowl ? or spray it on the pillows ? thanks pieter\",\n \"Mix all ingredients together in a spray bottle and then spray the pillows. Let me know if this fixes your problem! Good luck!\",\n \"This totally worked! Thank you so much, Rosie’s Bear blanket used to be my daughters “lovey” and is 21 years old.\",\n \"Would this combination of items work in a he washer? And, if so, do you add the arm and hammer and perioxide right into the tub or into the detergent cup? Thanks\",\n \"Thanks so much!! I have a poodle and they aren’t supposed to have a smell but he stinks so bad when he goes even just 1 1/2 weeks without a bath and his blanket and kennel reek of him!\",\n \"I just put mine in the dryer. Air drying would also be an option if you have a place to hang the blanket up.\",\n \"Thank you for mentioning that blankets that have been soiled by pet odors could be washed by combining hydrogen peroxide with washing soda. Mom would surely love it that the mixture doesn’t stain and wouldn’t at all harm the soft, furry blanket that the twins use for their pet playtime. This is for simple pet odor and stains though that the cleaners could do themselves. For tougher stains, I’d suggest that Mom consider getting professional pet odor removal.\",\n \"This mixture is absolutely AMAZING!!! I washed 2 large 1 medium and 2 small blankets all in one load using the exact measurments and no dog smell on any of them!!\",\n \"I am so glad it worked for you, Sara! It really is pretty incredible. Once you use it, you’re a believer! 🙂\",\n \"It totally worked! Thank you for posting. I was ready to throw out all my fur baby blankets(6 total) she had gotten sick on them, and could not get the smell out, this was wash attempt number 4, and was finally a success. I’m sharing this with every dog owner I know.\",\n \"thanks for the tip on how to get rid of that dog smell on blankets... I’m going to try it with Mavericks (dog) jacket. my question is...... The hydrogen peroxide comes a few different ways I’ve seen 3%...6%. unsure which bottle to buy?looking forward to hearing from you, so i can go and wash some somethings Thanks for your time Debbie\",\n \"We have a black/blue & white bully type dog with adorable crooked ears rescued from death row at a high kill shelter in S. Calif – after flying out there I drove him back to our Midwest home saving his life & he bringing joy to ours. Our effort to help get to “save them all” & not ignore nor contribute to the problem. No restrictions, we keep human sitting surfaces & beds covered with dog blankets. The artificial fibers get to smelling funky over time of normal use, after regurgitation of grass balls, licking paws n such. One thing had worked but the same strong odor retuned in a few days. Cannot wait to try this and hope it knocks out the funk longer. Appreciate you sharing your solution.\",\n \"Please check back with your results please! Would love to know your thoughts and whether or not the solution worked for you!\",\n \"THIS WORKED – I AM DELIGHTED!!! It’s been about a month since I used this technique and still no funky odor has returned. Thank you for sharing! I have passed it along to my BFFs – one has a rescued German Shepherd kept in a kennel her whole life used for breeding then dumped at a shelter after she was too old to breed (she had never walked on carpet nor up/down stairs before) and the other two have rescued hunting breed dogs that had been kept in outdoor kennels (which are almost no better than shelters) then dumped by their owners for reasons like they didn’t win hunting titles. For all of our dogs, their new homes are thousands times better than with their former breeders/owners. We all have this same smelly blanket problem because all our dogs are indoors living with their family/pack and get blankets to snuggle in! I am delighted to finally have found a solution to keep them smelling fresh.\",\n \"And I am DELIGHTED to hear that it worked for you and your friends. Thank you for everything you do for all the pups out there needing help!\",\n \"Hi I have read through all the comments so far, but no one has asked the question regarding the hydrogen peroxide used in the recipe, what % is the hydrogen peroxide. Here in the UK it is sold in either 3%, 6%, or 9% solutions. I have tried to source solutions above 9% ie 100% & 35% but you need a license to buy chemicals that strong. Would be grateful of a quick answer as the smell is getting bad now. Many Thanks.\",\n \"Hi Jackie, I believe what I used was 3%. Good luck and let me know how the recipe works for you!\",\n \"I am so so grateful for this! I have two small dogs and they sleep with me at night. I sleep with two soft blankets in addition to my regular bed spread. My dogs cuddle with me and the blankets at night which resulted in the blankets ending up really smelly. I was really frustrated after washing them several times because they are my personal blankets and I didn’t want to have to throw them out! I was so excited to try this and I’m so glad it worked! Truly a life-saver! Thank you! (ps I know this thread/post is old, but I thought I’d share my thanks anyways!)\",\n \"Emma, recipes like this one never get old because THEY WORK! So glad it worked for you and I really appreciate you taking the time to comment.\",\n \"This is great, thank you! Do you have any suggestions for getting all the dog hair out of the blankets at the same time? I pull them out of the washer and they are still covered in hair! Makes me crazy!\",\n \"So, this may sound crazy but I have a Dyson vacuum and I have my husband and kids hold the corners of the blanket tight while I vacuum it on the lowest setting (both sides). It actually gets quite a bit of the hair out. It’s a bit more difficult if you have short-haired dogs, but it’s worth giving it a try. I would do the vacuuming before throwing the blanket in the washer.\",\n \"I know this post is a few years old, but I stumbled across this when I was googling “how get pee smell out of blankets”. We have a new puppy and his crate blanket stinks! I was waiting for my special “dog pee” specific cleaner to arrive in the mail so I thought I’d give yours a shot. It worked incredibly! (And the first wash too!)\",\n \"I have an HE washer. I put the washing soda and peroxide in the drum and the vinger in my softener spot. Then detergent in the normal spot. (I’ve mixed detergent with the peroxide in the detergent slot and that works too) I couldn’t believe how well it worked. Literally no stink!\",\n \"A week later, I got the other cleaner in the mail. I tried it and the blanket was still stinky after wash! I followed up with your recipe and it came out perfect! I will always use this!\",\n \"(I tried it on my kids’ stinky hockey clothes and it worked mostly. I think those smells are for life, lol)\",\n \"I’m so glad it worked for you, Angela! As far as the hockey clothes, maybe a bit of soaking in the solution before immediately washing would help to really penetrate the odors. So glad you found a homemade method that works better than store bought!\",\n \"I have three Golden Retrievers. They have dog beds with blankets, and we use quilts for car rides in the back of the SUV, and for RV traveling. Although they get baths and grooming regularly, there’s still that stinky dog smell on their bedding. And they weren’t smelling any better after washing them... until I tried your “recipe! Super easy and works like a charm! Thank you so much for sharing!! And your pup is beautiful!\",\n \"I’m so glad the recipe worked for you! Three golden retrievers? That sounds like heaven and lots of trouble at the same time! LOL I’ll make sure to share this comment with my Belle Boo. 🙂\",\n \"How does it work on king size comforters? We have two cocker spaniels and a chihuaha and they all three sleep with us at night? I bought the ingredients but just wondering how all this would work on an actual comforter?\",\n \"Tried everything. The only thing that worked for me was about 3 cups of bleach in wash water with HEX, soaked for a few hours or overnight.\",\n \"That was after multiple washings with pine sol, vinegar and baking soda. I’ve been working for 3 weeks to get the smell out of a pillow, comforter, sheets and comforter cover I loaned a friend for 2 mos.\",\n \"I’m a Mid-Western girl with a Type A personality who lives to entertain. I believe it’s the special touches that make all the difference when it comes to family, home and a happy life. Read more\",\n \"Follow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on Instagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets\\n\\n * Skip to primary navigation\\n * Skip to secondary navigation\\n * Skip to main content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n * Skip to footer\\n\\nDisplay Search Bar\\n\\nFollow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on\\nInstagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\\n\\nBitz & Giggles\\n\\nDelicious bitz & tips for a happy life.\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015\\n\\n# How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets\\n\\n6030shares\\n\\nA big thank you to Maids.com for sponsoring this post.\\n\\nAww. . .our furry family members. What would we do without these cuties? In\\nreturn for their unconditional love we tend to their every need, we baby them,\\nwe talk to them in high pitched voices (because we think they like it) and we\\nlet them get away with some things even our children aren’t allowed to do. Are\\nyou with me? I’m guilty as charged.\\n\\nMeet Belle. Belle came into our family this last February and she just turned\\n9 months old at the beginning of July. She’s an English Cream Golden\\nRetriever. . . and a complete firecracker. We love her to pieces.\\n\\nWhen we brought her home, it was important to set some ground rules around the\\nhouse right away.\\n\\nThere were certain things I didn’t want her doing that our last golden\\nretriever was famous for. From the beginning, we taught Belle that she was not\\nallowed to:\\n\\n * Jump up on guests (or anyone for that matter)\\n * Eat people food\\n * Jump, climb, lay or sleep on our furniture (including our beds)\\n\\nWe’re also crate training her, so to make her feel at home (since she’s not\\nallowed on our bed), we have an oversize crate that she sleeps in at night\\n(we’ve upgraded since a few months ago) and bought Belle, her very own monkey\\nblanket. She likes monkeys? Well, we think so. She likes the blanket, so that\\nmeans she must like monkeys, too, right? Right.\\n\\nSo, she takes this blanket everywhere. She sleeps with it at night, she takes\\nit on car rides, and once and awhile, she likes to drag it outside into the\\nfront yard with her, too. For those of you who have a pup (or a kitty for that\\nmatter) that loves to cuddle up with blankets (even those that are not their\\nown) you’re going to start nodding your head after this next statement. .\\n.after some time, the blankets tend to get. . .well, STINKY. Truth.\\n\\nFor those of you who may allow your pets up on your bed (we did for our last\\ndog), you may have the same problem with your comforter or duvet. Because\\nlet’s face it, when animals are laying on something soft like a blanket or a\\ncomforter, they’re in their happy place.\\n\\nThey’re thinking, “Whew, it’s been a day. Thank goodness for this nice, soft,\\ncomfy spot to relax. I think I’ll lay right here and clean myself up real good\\n– lick all the dirt out of my fur and paws. This blanket doesn’t taste half\\nbad either, you know? I think I’ll just chew on it awhile – hmmm. . . maybe\\njust hold it here in my mouth. Hey, there’s a piece of one of my favorite\\ntreats stuck to the corner over here. Wow, what a good day – WHAT a good day!”\\n\\nYou can only imagine what goes through their fuzzy little minds.\\n\\nAll I know is what goes through mine when I picked up the blanket and got a\\nwhiff of that wonderful doggy odor.\\n\\nLet’s set the story straight before we get too far along. Belle is really a\\nvery clean dog. Belle, herself, does not smell “doggy.” The only time she\\nreally smells like a dog is when she’s wet. And all dogs smell like a dog when\\nthey’re wet, right? If I’m wrong on this one, let me know, but from my\\nexperience, this is the gosh darn truth.\\n\\nWhy am I so caught up about cleanliness? She’s a dog! Yes, she is, but one of\\nmy pet peeves (“pet” peeve, get it?) is petting (that may be the most times\\nI’ve said “pet” in a sentence ever) a dog and ending up with a smelly hand.\\nIck. It just turns me off and I purposely avoid the dog. Which is really sad,\\nbecause I’m completely and utterly in love with pups.\\n\\nI do what I can to make sure Belle never turns anyone’s hand ripe. I use Dry\\nDog Shampoo on her about once a week and give her a deeper cleaning if she\\never gets in a real dirty situation.\\n\\nUmmm. . .like that one. Yep, that was a good day (for her). Boy did she have\\nfun (this happens a lot).\\n\\nEven though I’m pretty meticulous about keeping Belle clean – over time, even\\nthe cleanest pets can muster up enough stink to make you turn up your nose.\\nThat’s what happened with Belle’s monkey blanket. I held it up to my nose one\\nday and couldn’t believe what I was smelling. I immediately took it to the\\nlaundry room and threw it in the washer – then the dryer – with a couple extra\\ndryer sheets.\\n\\nWhen it was dry, I held it up to my nose again. I sniffed even harder and\\ndeeper this time. I was so excited to take in that freshly-washed blanket\\nsmell. . .but wait, hold on. Something was wrong. I suddenly became disgusted\\nAGAIN. The smell was STILL there! WHAT?!!\\n\\nWhy does this happen? It doesn’t happen with our clothes. What is it about pet\\nsmells that just seem to linger? I remember our good friends leaving one of\\ntheir dogs blankets up at our lake cabin after a nice long holiday weekend.\\nWow did it stink. Like, fill a room up. . .stink. We put it in a garbage bag,\\ntied it up tight and delivered it as soon as we were able. You know what they\\nended up doing with it? They threw it out. It was that bad.\\n\\nSo, remembering that incident, and now finding myself in a similar situation,\\nI was on a mission to rid Belle’s monkey blanket of that stubborn doggy smell.\\nNormal laundry detergent and softener just wasn’t cutting it.\\n\\nI experimented with a few different things before I found the miracle\\ncombination – yep, I found it. I finally figured out how to remove pet smells\\nfrom blankets!\\n\\nIf you’re facing the same stinky dilemma that I was, you best stick around. .\\n. because if you try this, the results are going to blow your mind.\\n\\nSo here’s what you’re going to need IN ADDITION to your normal laundry\\ndetergent:\\n\\nIngredients\\n\\n * 1/2 cup Arm & Hammer Super Washing Soda (not to be confused with baking soda; WASHING soda)\\n * 1/4 cup hydrogen peroxide\\n * 1/2 cup white or apple cider vinegar\\n\\nInstructions\\n\\n 1. Do a warm water wash and add your detergent to the washer like normal. Throw in the blanket or comforter.\\n 2. Add 1/2 cup of super washing soda.\\n 3. Add 1/4 cup of hydrogen peroxide\\n 4. Fill the softener dispenser with 1/2 cup vinegar. If your washer doesn’t have a dispenser add the vinegar during the last rinse cycle.\\n\\nThat’s it!\\n\\nWhen the washer stopped, I went to smell my blanket again. This time, there\\nwas no doggy smell! None. Zilch. Nada. I ran to tell Josh right away with the\\nblanket in hand. I stuck it right up to his nose yelling, “Smell this!” He\\ninitially resisted because he knew what it smelled like before, but when I\\nexplained to him I truly did get the smell out this time, he took a big whiff\\nand was as amazed as I was.\\n\\nYou’re running to gather the ingredients already, aren’t you? Well, you should\\nbe! I hope this method works as well for you as it did for us. I am completely\\namazed, and can’t stop sharing my discovery with my friends!\\n\\nThey’ll be talking to me about a movie they just saw and I’ll just reply with,\\n“Do you have any stinky blankets you need cleaned? Like real stinky? Cause’ I\\nknow how to get the smell out!” I’ve become a bit “obsessed.” LOL While I\\nwouldn’t recommend you ask crazy questions like this of your friends, my\\nfriends have come to completely understand (they’ve known me awhile) my\\nmadness.\\n\\nSo, what are you waiting for? Start filling that washer, grab those smelly\\nblankets and bedding and REMOVE THAT DOGGY STINK!!\\n\\nNotes: I’ve used the hydrogen peroxide each time I’ve done this and I’ve never\\nhad a problem with it discoloring her blanket. The peroxide/washing soda\\ncombination basically acts like an oxygen bleach – similar to Oxy Clean that\\nyou would buy from the store. I do want to mention, however, that I DID use\\nOxy Clean in one of my earlier attempts to remove the smells and it was\\nunsuccessful.\\n\\n# LOOKING FOR MORE CLEAN PET INSPIRATION?\\n\\nCheck out the FIVE MUST-HAVE CLEANING TOOLS FOR PET OWNERS from our partner\\nMaids.com.\\n\\nSpend some time over at their fantastic blog and don’t forget to check them\\nout on social media: Facebook | Twitter | Google + | Pinterest\\n\\n(Visited 132,685 times, 1 visits today)\\n\\n### Related\\n\\nShare this Post\\n\\nPrevious Post\\n\\nNext Post\\n\\n## Reader Interactions\\n\\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\n 1. Chandra@The Plaid & Paisley Kitchen says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 7:57 am\\n\\nOk first your dog is Gorgeous!!! Such a sweetie! I have 2 schnauzers and they\\nare my babies! They do tend to get a little stinky sometimes too. This is a\\ngreat tip! Thanks for sharing!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:18 pm\\n\\nThank you, Chandra! Your babies sound super sweet! Hope you try this solution!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. Kacey @ The Cookie Writer says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 10:07 am\\n\\nThis is great! I have a Golden Retriever (we think he is mixed with Collie so\\nlots of hair!) and he LOVES the water! The only downside is the smell\\nafterwards... Thank you for the tips since my daughter always puts a blanket\\non him... Haha. The colour of your dog is beautiful!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:16 pm\\n\\nThank you, Kacey! Your pup sounds adorable! Yes, you need to try this next\\ntime you wash his blanket!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Michelle @ Blackberry Babe says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 10:36 am\\n\\nThis is so super helpful! I always wash our blankets after my in-laws bring\\ntheir dogs for a visit.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:16 pm\\n\\nMichelle, this solution is sure to take any pet smells out when your guests\\nleave!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 4. Justine | Cooking and Beer says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 11:13 am\\n\\nOH MY GOODNESS! Belle is absolutely beautiful! Love this post and love these\\ntips! Thanks for sharing with us!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:15 pm\\n\\nAwww, thank you, Justine! She’s sure brought a lot of joy and excitement to\\nour lives!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 5. Ashlyn @ Belle of the Kitchen says\\n\\nJuly 16, 2015 at 12:43 am\\n\\nYour doggy is so adorable, Sara! All of that fluffy, white fur is just\\nbeautiful on her. 🙂 And I CANNOT WAIT to try this out! We have an English\\nBulldog who snuggles on anything she can find; pillows, blankets, stuffed\\nanimals, whatever! And she can get pretty stinky. This sounds like the\\nsolution I’ve been needing!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 6. Meg @ The Housewife in Training Files says\\n\\nJuly 16, 2015 at 3:50 pm\\n\\nBelle is so adorable! Animals really do bring so much joy to families but\\ncleaning up after them can be a hassle. Love the tips here! Perfect for so\\nmany applications!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 7. Jennifer says\\n\\nJuly 21, 2015 at 10:57 pm\\n\\nI was wondering if this could work in a top loader? I don’t think my dispenser\\nwill hold 3/4 cup of cleaner, plus they would mix right away before ever\\ngetting near the clothes. Does it matter if the washing soda and vinegar sit\\ntogether for a bit? Thanks!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nAugust 3, 2015 at 10:03 pm\\n\\nJennifer, my machine is a top loader as well. If you’re concerned about the\\nvinegar mixing right away, just add it during the rinse cycle rather than\\nputting it in the cup for the softener.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 8. Roxie says\\n\\nAugust 10, 2015 at 6:02 pm\\n\\ntried it, and it came out fresh smelling. the last two comforters had to be\\nthrown away. Thank you for sharing\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nAugust 11, 2015 at 7:49 pm\\n\\nOh I’m so glad it worked well for you, Roxie! It really is incredible! Thanks\\nfor your comment!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 9. Jamie says\\n\\nNovember 28, 2015 at 8:45 am\\n\\nHi. I have a front loader. Can u tell me where to add the peroxide? Vinegar?\\nBaking soda? Do I just throw these directly into the drum?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nNovember 29, 2015 at 9:27 pm\\n\\nThe peroxide should be added to the detergent dispenser and the WASHING SODA\\n(not baking soda) could be added to the drum. The vinegar should go into the\\nsoftener dispenser. Good luck!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * M says\\n\\nSeptember 9, 2016 at 3:42 pm\\n\\nSo the regular detergent we use is added to the same place the peroxide goes?\\nSo it gets mixed? I initially got it wrong and put the washing soda in the\\ndrum, peroxide where detergent goes and vinegar to the fabric softener. It\\ncame out ok. Took the sour part of the dog smell out but not all of it.\\nBasically good not great. but I never used detergent. Also are your\\nmeasurements for a large load? Thanks for any input.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nSeptember 10, 2016 at 10:13 pm\\n\\nI have a top loader, so I put the detergent and peroxide into the drum with\\nthe blanket and I put the vinegar in my softener dispenser. When I wash her\\nblanket I normally don’t wash anything else with it, so it’s a pretty small\\nload. If you’re washing a larger load, try doubling the peroxide and vinegar.\\nGood luck and let me know how it turns out!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 10. Kristi Saunders says\\n\\nDecember 14, 2015 at 9:15 am\\n\\nSuch a great discovery! I will put the dog blankets for washing straightaway!\\nI also have dogs and I know what kind of mess makers there fluffy and adorable\\ndoggies are so I am armed with a steam cleaner, Eureka Brushroll vacuum and a\\ndoggie bathroom. We spend a lot of time out with the dogs and sometimes after\\nit rains they are very dirty and if you let them in the house like this it\\ncould be a disaster! Thanks for the helpful post! 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nDecember 14, 2015 at 8:27 pm\\n\\nI get so excited when I hear that someone is going to try this at home. I\\npromise you it works! You’re going to be so impressed!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 11. Corey says\\n\\nJanuary 22, 2016 at 6:01 pm\\n\\nHi! Do you know if this is OK to do in a high efficiency washer?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJanuary 24, 2016 at 2:39 pm\\n\\nI wouldn’t see why not, Corey!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 12. Barb Carroll says\\n\\nJanuary 29, 2016 at 6:07 pm\\n\\nI have a furry baby the same breed except black. I come home from work -I am a\\nnurse and crawl into bed only to get up and find the frebreze. I’ m ready to\\nretire and getting recipes to make my own cleaning products. I am taking\\neverything off the bed and into the washer.God bless . will be following you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 13. Maria says\\n\\nFebruary 21, 2016 at 8:07 pm\\n\\nThanks Sara for this tip, I knew that baking soda is good to remove pet smells\\nfrom blankets, but it is better when I use with hydrogen peroxide and vinegar\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nFebruary 21, 2016 at 9:24 pm\\n\\nYou are so welcome! Yes, the peroxide really is the magic ingredient I think!\\nSome people have also had luck just washing with baking soda, but I think the\\nhydrogen peroxide is a must!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 14. Debbie says\\n\\nApril 11, 2016 at 8:11 am\\n\\nWhere do you find the washing soda? We have 3 fur babies.....2 Yorkies and a\\nEnglish Springer Spaniel (he’s 9 months old). I really need to do this!!!!! ??\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nApril 11, 2016 at 8:34 am\\n\\nHi Debbie! You have your hands full with those fur babies! 🙂 You can find\\nwashing soda in the same aisle as laundry detergent. In our local Walmart it\\nis usually by some of the stain fighting products like Oxiclean, etc.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 15. Raven says\\n\\nJune 16, 2016 at 4:51 pm\\n\\nDid this today with my dogs bed and blanket. It certainly worked and I will be\\nwashing his stuff this way from now on!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJune 18, 2016 at 11:17 pm\\n\\nIsn’t it amazing?! So glad it worked for you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 16. Silas Knight says\\n\\nJuly 22, 2016 at 3:22 pm\\n\\nI hate having blankets that smell like dog. Don’t get me wrong, I love my dog,\\nbut she does not smell very good. So, thanks for the tips on getting the smell\\nout. I have never heard of washing soda before, but I will have to try it out.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 17. Jenna jensen says\\n\\nSeptember 4, 2016 at 8:17 pm\\n\\nI’m very excited to try this tonight! I had two questions, but the first\\nquestion about where to put everything in a front loader was already asked and\\nanswered! Thank you!\\n\\nMy second question is on how to dry?\\n\\nI have two catahoula leopards (yes, they are dogs!). Both are about 75 pounds\\nand big babies! Aros is 7 and Barbie is 9.5. Barbie has very sensitive skin to\\nchemicals such as Febreze, so I try to keep her stuff as natural as possible\\nwhich is why I’m excited for your post.\\n\\nThank you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nSeptember 7, 2016 at 5:44 am\\n\\nI can’t wait to hear how your blankets turned out, Jenna. In winter I do throw\\nthe blankets in the dryer – in summer, I’ll hang them outside on the side of\\nour deck or a clothesline.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Barb Roy says\\n\\nMay 16, 2017 at 7:54 pm\\n\\nMy Olde English Bulldog is very allergic to Febreeze. My vet said most dogs\\nhave an allergic reaction to it.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 18. Michelle says\\n\\nJanuary 16, 2017 at 4:57 pm\\n\\nI have 2 Black and Tan Coonhounds and a Bloodhound. They get a good funk going\\nas a pack, but mostly our Bloodhound is the big stinker! I made custom beds\\nout of washable heavy upholstery and couldn’t get the smell out when I washed.\\nI used 1/2 cup Borax, 1/2 cup Oxi Clean, 1/2 cup vodka, 1/4 cup peroxide (in\\nmy front loader detergent compartments) and then 1/2 cup vinegar in rinse\\n(fabric softer compartment). Amazing results! Completely smell free when it\\ncame out! I freshen up with 1/2 water, 1/2 vodka and a few drops of tea tree\\noil on beds, chairs, couches, and carpets. Thank you for the wonderful advice.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 19. Shelleen says\\n\\nMarch 18, 2017 at 11:24 am\\n\\nOMG....thank you so much for this recipe!!! I have two fur babies that like to\\ntake over all my blankets and even though they get regular baths they STINK up\\nall my blankets ??. I have washed two loads already and am now washing my\\ntowels in the same stuff. Everything smells so fresh!! Now off to bath the fur\\nbabies so they smell just as clean!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nMarch 21, 2017 at 10:14 pm\\n\\nI’m so glad it worked so well for you! Glad your blankets, towels and fur\\nbabies are now all squeaky clean!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 20. anon says\\n\\nJune 16, 2017 at 4:03 pm\\n\\nJust get to the point.\\n\\nI Dont care to read a novel first, about your dog and then eventually read\\nabout the remedy to remove the smells from blankets twenty chapters later.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJune 16, 2017 at 11:07 pm\\n\\nThanks for stopping by. I’m sorry you didn’t enjoy reading about our dog,\\nBelle. We’re pretty fond of her around here and she’s part of our family. .\\n.and this site. I hope the recipe works for you and I appreciate you leaving a\\ncomment.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 21. Priscilla says\\n\\nSeptember 25, 2017 at 9:46 am\\n\\nIs there a formula using washing soda for something that can’t go in the\\nwasher? Say...a stinky outdoor rug that can be hosed down? Thanks for your\\ntips!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nSeptember 28, 2017 at 6:45 pm\\n\\nYou could try hand washing/scrubbing the rug with the same ingredients.\\nAmounts don’t need to be perfect. Just the combination should do the job. Good\\nluck!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 22. Anna R says\\n\\nNovember 3, 2017 at 10:41 am\\n\\nI have several dogs, never thought I’d find something that would take that\\ndoggie smell away. Thanks for your pin. I tried it and it works. I’m know\\nusing it all the time for other smells I want knocked out of my laundry.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nNovember 6, 2017 at 9:38 pm\\n\\nIt’s amazing isn’t it? People never believe me when I tell them the recipe\\nREALLY works! 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 23. Penny says\\n\\nNovember 14, 2017 at 11:51 am\\n\\nI can’t wait to try this! I have 3 fur babies and don’t have an odor problem\\nwith the 2 bigger dogs bedding it’s the mini pin chihuahua mix blankets that\\nreally smell. I can pre soak & wash multiple times with vinegar, odoBan &\\ndetergent, they come out smelling really clean, the problem is when I go to\\nchange out her bedding all the clean blankets smell again. I even have to keep\\nher blankets in the garage because they made the closet smell so bad. So my\\nquestion is does this recipe last longer than just out of the wash?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nNovember 17, 2017 at 6:53 pm\\n\\nPenny, I can’t wait to hear if this worked for you and what you think. To make\\nthings last longer, maybe you could try applying dry shampoo on your pups\\nbetween baths. It may keep their bedding smelling nicer for longer, too!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 24. Marlena says\\n\\nMarch 2, 2018 at 1:23 am\\n\\nWill this work on animal pee too?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nMarch 3, 2018 at 10:08 pm\\n\\nYes it will! Good luck and let me know your thoughts on the results!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Marlena says\\n\\nMarch 7, 2018 at 3:18 am\\n\\nSo itll work on any kind of a pee in general? Could I just wash it in warm\\nwater with detergent and softener, or will there still me a smell or a stain?\\nMy blanket is light purple on the inside and purple floral flowers on the\\nfront.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 25. massie block says\\n\\nMarch 5, 2018 at 5:18 pm\\n\\ni tried this and really wanted it to work.....sadly, it did not.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nMarch 9, 2018 at 7:19 am\\n\\nOh no, really?! What kind of smell were you trying to get out?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 26. Beth Fabel says\\n\\nMarch 19, 2018 at 10:59 pm\\n\\nI used this today in my front loader on some stinky dog smell blankets and it\\nworked well, no smell at all. I put the peroxide in with the detergent, the\\nvinegar in the fabric softener dispenser and the washing soda in the drum.\\nVery happy, thank you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nMarch 23, 2018 at 10:43 pm\\n\\nOh, I’m so happy it worked for you! You are welcome!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 27. Missy says\\n\\nApril 10, 2018 at 10:47 pm\\n\\nThank you!! Bought an old couch for the playroom and some of the cushion\\ncovers had a dog smell. I’d washed them several times and my bionic nose could\\nstill smell it but this actually made them smell sweet!!\\n\\nAlso, I didn’t have washing powder so I used Borax, and it worked great.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nApril 13, 2018 at 2:30 pm\\n\\nAwesome! So glad it worked and it’s great to know you can sub Borax for the\\nwashing powder!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 28. Kirsten says\\n\\nMay 27, 2018 at 12:54 pm\\n\\nThis method worked WONDERS for me! Thank you so much! My throw blankets and\\ncouch covers always smell faintly dog like even after a wash and I hate\\noffering them to guests but I just tried this method and the smell is ENTIRELY\\ngone! I did a large load of blankets and just doubled the vinegar and peroxide\\nand it worked perfectly. From a fellow pup lover/smell hater, thank you! Next\\nstep is to try the dry shampoo!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nMay 30, 2018 at 6:55 pm\\n\\nI’m so glad it worked for you Kirsten!! It’s pretty amazing, isn’t it?!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 29. Mari says\\n\\nJuly 9, 2018 at 12:48 pm\\n\\nOMG! It totally worked! I had a group of dog blankets that smelled\\nlike...ummmm, frankly, butt! I have had them cleaned many times and they’ve\\nalways returned with a foul smell. I tried your recipe and nothing. No butt,\\nno foul! I am so happy...next, the dog bed....thank you for the wonderful\\nsuggestion!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJuly 18, 2018 at 2:43 pm\\n\\nI’m so glad it worked for you, Mari! Isn’t it freeing to know you finally\\ndiscovered a solution to remove the stink?! LOL\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 30. Csp says\\n\\nAugust 1, 2018 at 9:37 am\\n\\nHi there any tips on where to find washing soda? All my local stores only\\ncarry there baking soda... anything else that would work that might be easier\\nto find?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nAugust 3, 2018 at 10:38 pm\\n\\nDo you have a Walmart close by or are you in the states that you can order\\nonline? https://www.walmart.com/ip/Arm-Hammer-Super-Washing-Soda-\\nBooster-55-Oz/19407690\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 31. Mary Kay Hawkshead says\\n\\nAugust 24, 2018 at 9:06 am\\n\\nThis sounds like a real odor cure. I do have one question, though. Are the\\nproportions you listed for a small, medium or large load? I have 2 queen size\\nfleece blankets that my granddaughter’s dog plopped on while they were in the\\nlaundry basket waiting their turn for the dryer. My washer has a huge tub and\\nboth will fit at the same time.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nAugust 25, 2018 at 10:53 am\\n\\nI think you should be able to keep the recipe as is and see how the blankets\\nturn out. If you still sense an odor, you can try to strengthen the amount of\\ningredients used.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 32. Mary Kay Hawkshead says\\n\\nAugust 27, 2018 at 8:05 am\\n\\nThis worked like a dream! My granddaughter’s 2 fleece blankets that her huge\\ndog mistakenly cuddled up in were near being trashed, because after 3 attempts\\nwith expensive odor removers just failed miserably. I doubled the recipe\\nbecause the blankets were each queen size, and used less detergent, as the\\nblankets had just been through washings. What a surprise when removing them\\nfrom the washer! Absolutely no odor. The same result after drying. Thank you,\\nthank you, thank you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 33. pieter says\\n\\nAugust 27, 2018 at 1:45 pm\\n\\nsounds great when you have a blanket, we have 2 Dobermans laying on the\\noutside furniture , what about pillowcases that dont come off the pillow can\\nyou make a mixture in a bowl ? or spray it on the pillows ? thanks pieter\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nSeptember 2, 2018 at 11:27 pm\\n\\nFor a pillow spray, try this:\\n\\n1 cup hydrogen peroxide 1 tsp baking soda 1 drop liquid dish soap (I use Dawn)\\n\\nMix all ingredients together in a spray bottle and then spray the pillows. Let\\nme know if this fixes your problem! Good luck!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 34. Jeanette says\\n\\nAugust 30, 2018 at 9:18 am\\n\\nThis totally worked! Thank you so much, Rosie’s Bear blanket used to be my\\ndaughters “lovey” and is 21 years old.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nSeptember 2, 2018 at 11:07 pm\\n\\nI’m so glad, Jeanette!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 35. virginia english says\\n\\nSeptember 3, 2018 at 7:21 am\\n\\nWould this combination of items work in a he washer? And, if so, do you add\\nthe arm and hammer and perioxide right into the tub or into the detergent cup?\\nThanks\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nSeptember 4, 2018 at 10:45 am\\n\\nI would add the washing soda to the detergent cup and the peroxide to the\\nbleach dispenser.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 36. Hadassah says\\n\\nSeptember 19, 2018 at 11:17 am\\n\\nThanks so much!! I have a poodle and they aren’t supposed to have a smell but\\nhe stinks so bad when he goes even just 1 1/2 weeks without a bath and his\\nblanket and kennel reek of him!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nOctober 3, 2018 at 9:51 am\\n\\nHow did the recipe work out for you, Hadassah?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 37. Lawrence says\\n\\nSeptember 25, 2018 at 12:00 am\\n\\nSome great ideas there. Very useful.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 38. robert says\\n\\nOctober 29, 2018 at 1:09 pm\\n\\nHey there thanks for the tips. Pure awesomeness. How do you reccomend drying\\nthe blanket afterwards?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nNovember 17, 2018 at 11:33 pm\\n\\nI just put mine in the dryer. Air drying would also be an option if you have a\\nplace to hang the blanket up.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 39. Yesenia says\\n\\nNovember 4, 2018 at 8:35 pm\\n\\nThere’s still a faint smell of dog on everything I washed using this method D:\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nNovember 21, 2018 at 10:47 pm\\n\\nI would put everything through the same cycle again. This method has worked\\nfor me every time.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 40. Angel Bogart says\\n\\nMarch 18, 2019 at 8:22 pm\\n\\nThank you for mentioning that blankets that have been soiled by pet odors\\ncould be washed by combining hydrogen peroxide with washing soda. Mom would\\nsurely love it that the mixture doesn’t stain and wouldn’t at all harm the\\nsoft, furry blanket that the twins use for their pet playtime. This is for\\nsimple pet odor and stains though that the cleaners could do themselves. For\\ntougher stains, I’d suggest that Mom consider getting professional pet odor\\nremoval.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 41. Sara says\\n\\nApril 14, 2019 at 5:49 pm\\n\\nThis mixture is absolutely AMAZING!!! I washed 2 large 1 medium and 2 small\\nblankets all in one load using the exact measurments and no dog smell on any\\nof them!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nApril 18, 2019 at 9:35 pm\\n\\nI am so glad it worked for you, Sara! It really is pretty incredible. Once you\\nuse it, you’re a believer! 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 42. Jennifer says\\n\\nMay 15, 2019 at 7:30 pm\\n\\nIt totally worked! Thank you for posting. I was ready to throw out all my fur\\nbaby blankets(6 total) she had gotten sick on them, and could not get the\\nsmell out, this was wash attempt number 4, and was finally a success. I’m\\nsharing this with every dog owner I know.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 43. Debbie Hunt says\\n\\nJune 26, 2019 at 10:31 am\\n\\nthanks for the tip on how to get rid of that dog smell on blankets... I’m\\ngoing to try it with Mavericks (dog) jacket. my question is...... The hydrogen\\nperoxide comes a few different ways I’ve seen 3%...6%. unsure which bottle to\\nbuy?looking forward to hearing from you, so i can go and wash some somethings\\nThanks for your time Debbie\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJune 29, 2019 at 12:05 am\\n\\nDebbie, I would use 3%. Let me know how your blankets turn out!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 44. Saskia says\\n\\nAugust 12, 2019 at 9:51 am\\n\\nDo you think I could make this work for hand wash?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nAugust 19, 2019 at 10:27 pm\\n\\nYes! I would try and soak the blanket in the solution for awhile before hand\\nwashing.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 45. Millicent says\\n\\nAugust 28, 2019 at 5:32 pm\\n\\nWe have a black/blue & white bully type dog with adorable crooked ears rescued\\nfrom death row at a high kill shelter in S. Calif – after flying out there I\\ndrove him back to our Midwest home saving his life & he bringing joy to ours.\\nOur effort to help get to “save them all” & not ignore nor contribute to the\\nproblem. No restrictions, we keep human sitting surfaces & beds covered with\\ndog blankets. The artificial fibers get to smelling funky over time of normal\\nuse, after regurgitation of grass balls, licking paws n such. One thing had\\nworked but the same strong odor retuned in a few days. Cannot wait to try this\\nand hope it knocks out the funk longer. Appreciate you sharing your solution.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nSeptember 6, 2019 at 10:08 pm\\n\\nPlease check back with your results please! Would love to know your thoughts\\nand whether or not the solution worked for you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Millicent says\\n\\nSeptember 29, 2019 at 12:42 pm\\n\\nTHIS WORKED – I AM DELIGHTED!!! It’s been about a month since I used this\\ntechnique and still no funky odor has returned. Thank you for sharing! I have\\npassed it along to my BFFs – one has a rescued German Shepherd kept in a\\nkennel her whole life used for breeding then dumped at a shelter after she was\\ntoo old to breed (she had never walked on carpet nor up/down stairs before)\\nand the other two have rescued hunting breed dogs that had been kept in\\noutdoor kennels (which are almost no better than shelters) then dumped by\\ntheir owners for reasons like they didn’t win hunting titles. For all of our\\ndogs, their new homes are thousands times better than with their former\\nbreeders/owners. We all have this same smelly blanket problem because all our\\ndogs are indoors living with their family/pack and get blankets to snuggle in!\\nI am delighted to finally have found a solution to keep them smelling fresh.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nOctober 1, 2019 at 8:44 am\\n\\nAnd I am DELIGHTED to hear that it worked for you and your friends. Thank you\\nfor everything you do for all the pups out there needing help!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 46. Jackie says\\n\\nApril 2, 2020 at 9:57 am\\n\\nHi I have read through all the comments so far, but no one has asked the\\nquestion regarding the hydrogen peroxide used in the recipe, what % is the\\nhydrogen peroxide. Here in the UK it is sold in either 3%, 6%, or 9%\\nsolutions. I have tried to source solutions above 9% ie 100% & 35% but you\\nneed a license to buy chemicals that strong. Would be grateful of a quick\\nanswer as the smell is getting bad now. Many Thanks.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nApril 2, 2020 at 9:06 pm\\n\\nHi Jackie, I believe what I used was 3%. Good luck and let me know how the\\nrecipe works for you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 47. Emma says\\n\\nMay 5, 2020 at 5:30 am\\n\\nI am so so grateful for this! I have two small dogs and they sleep with me at\\nnight. I sleep with two soft blankets in addition to my regular bed spread. My\\ndogs cuddle with me and the blankets at night which resulted in the blankets\\nending up really smelly. I was really frustrated after washing them several\\ntimes because they are my personal blankets and I didn’t want to have to throw\\nthem out! I was so excited to try this and I’m so glad it worked! Truly a\\nlife-saver! Thank you! (ps I know this thread/post is old, but I thought I’d\\nshare my thanks anyways!)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nMay 5, 2020 at 5:09 pm\\n\\nEmma, recipes like this one never get old because THEY WORK! So glad it worked\\nfor you and I really appreciate you taking the time to comment.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 48. Joanie Kirkpatrick says\\n\\nJuly 16, 2020 at 8:36 am\\n\\nThis is great, thank you! Do you have any suggestions for getting all the dog\\nhair out of the blankets at the same time? I pull them out of the washer and\\nthey are still covered in hair! Makes me crazy!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nJuly 18, 2020 at 8:52 pm\\n\\nSo, this may sound crazy but I have a Dyson vacuum and I have my husband and\\nkids hold the corners of the blanket tight while I vacuum it on the lowest\\nsetting (both sides). It actually gets quite a bit of the hair out. It’s a bit\\nmore difficult if you have short-haired dogs, but it’s worth giving it a try.\\nI would do the vacuuming before throwing the blanket in the washer.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 49. Angela says\\n\\nAugust 11, 2020 at 10:04 am\\n\\nI know this post is a few years old, but I stumbled across this when I was\\ngoogling “how get pee smell out of blankets”. We have a new puppy and his\\ncrate blanket stinks! I was waiting for my special “dog pee” specific cleaner\\nto arrive in the mail so I thought I’d give yours a shot. It worked\\nincredibly! (And the first wash too!)\\n\\nI have an HE washer. I put the washing soda and peroxide in the drum and the\\nvinger in my softener spot. Then detergent in the normal spot. (I’ve mixed\\ndetergent with the peroxide in the detergent slot and that works too) I\\ncouldn’t believe how well it worked. Literally no stink!\\n\\nA week later, I got the other cleaner in the mail. I tried it and the blanket\\nwas still stinky after wash! I followed up with your recipe and it came out\\nperfect! I will always use this!\\n\\n(I tried it on my kids’ stinky hockey clothes and it worked mostly. I think\\nthose smells are for life, lol)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nAugust 14, 2020 at 7:37 am\\n\\nI’m so glad it worked for you, Angela! As far as the hockey clothes, maybe a\\nbit of soaking in the solution before immediately washing would help to really\\npenetrate the odors. So glad you found a homemade method that works better\\nthan store bought!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 50. Largo says\\n\\nAugust 11, 2020 at 8:50 pm\\n\\nI have three Golden Retrievers. They have dog beds with blankets, and we use\\nquilts for car rides in the back of the SUV, and for RV traveling. Although\\nthey get baths and grooming regularly, there’s still that stinky dog smell on\\ntheir bedding. And they weren’t smelling any better after washing them...\\nuntil I tried your “recipe! Super easy and works like a charm! Thank you so\\nmuch for sharing!! And your pup is beautiful!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nAugust 14, 2020 at 7:35 am\\n\\nI’m so glad the recipe worked for you! Three golden retrievers? That sounds\\nlike heaven and lots of trouble at the same time! LOL I’ll make sure to share\\nthis comment with my Belle Boo. 🙂\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 51. Courtney Daniels says\\n\\nOctober 19, 2020 at 9:30 am\\n\\nHow does it work on king size comforters? We have two cocker spaniels and a\\nchihuaha and they all three sleep with us at night? I bought the ingredients\\nbut just wondering how all this would work on an actual comforter?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nOctober 20, 2020 at 1:26 pm\\n\\nIt should work just fine on a king size comforter!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Courtney Daniels says\\n\\nOctober 24, 2020 at 6:52 am\\n\\nSo use the same amount of ingredients with the comforter?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sara says\\n\\nOctober 26, 2020 at 9:23 pm\\n\\nYes! Let us know your results!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 52. Peggy Sands says\\n\\nNovember 21, 2020 at 1:55 pm\\n\\nTried everything. The only thing that worked for me was about 3 cups of bleach\\nin wash water with HEX, soaked for a few hours or overnight.\\n\\nThat was after multiple washings with pine sol, vinegar and baking soda. I’ve\\nbeen working for 3 weeks to get the smell out of a pillow, comforter, sheets\\nand comforter cover I loaned a friend for 2 mos.\\n\\nGood luck everyone.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Peggy Sands says\\n\\nNovember 21, 2020 at 1:56 pm\\n\\noh and then leave it in the sun / outside for awhile.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n### Hi, I'm Sara!\\n\\nI’m a Mid-Western girl with a Type A personality who lives to entertain. I\\nbelieve it’s the special touches that make all the difference when it comes to\\nfamily, home and a happy life. Read more\\n\\n### Subscribe by Email\\n\\n * About\\n * Contact\\n * Work with Me\\n\\nFollow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on\\nInstagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\\n\\n© 2020 Bitz and GigglesPrivacy Policy\\n\\nWebsite Design by Melissa Rose Design\\n\\n·\\n\\nDevelopment by Once Coupled\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191119014738/http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A It is possible to clean carpet reasonably well with a machine you rent. That said, you should also recognize that a good professional probably would do a better job. And if you anticipate tackling the job frequently on your own, you might be better off buying a deep-cleaning machine, which works similarly to the rental machines.\",\n \"With all of these options, the basic cleaning method is the same. Although it's often called steam cleaning, the process doesn't use actual steam. First a solution of detergent and water is spread over the carpet and worked into the fibers. Then it is rinsed out -- along with the grime -- by vacuuming up as much moisture as possible. (Other approaches to carpet cleaning, such as buffing fibers with absorbent pads or working in absorbent powder and then vacuuming it out, don't work as well, according to research done by Shaw Industries Inc., the world's largest carpet manufacturer.)\",\n \"Professionals with truck-mounted equipment have the edge in several ways. Because they clean carpets day after day, they aren't as likely to make mistakes such as using too much detergent or neglecting to rinse away all residue. Also, the trucks deliver hot water, which boosts the detergent's effectiveness. With a rental machine, the best you can do is to pour hot water into the mixing tank and hope it doesn't cool off too much as you clean. Finally, professionals benefit from having more powerful vacuum systems. Because they remove more water, it's possible to rinse more thoroughly. The amount of water flowing through carpet fibers is the most important factor that determines whether a cleaning is thorough, Shaw's researchers found. Plus, the professional vacuums leave the fibers dryer, so the room can get back in use faster.\",\n \"However, getting a professional cleaning is relatively expensive compared with tackling the job yourself with a rented machine. Two years ago, as Consumer Reports magazine was testing deep cleaners, researchers also evaluated one professional service and one nationwide rental company's machines. The pro did an \\\"excellent\\\" job, while the rental machines were just \\\"good.\\\" Yet Consumer Reports, always on the hunt for bargains, still saw value in using a rented machine. To clean two rooms and a hallway, the professional charged $181. Renting a machine for a day cost only about $20.\",\n \"One factor that dragged down the score for the rental machines: Their quality varied considerably. If you're a novice at carpet cleaning, this is a big issue. If a machine not in good repair dumps too much detergent onto the carpet, for example, you might just keep going, assuming that's what it's supposed to do.\",\n \"Buying a deep-cleaning machine gets around this problem, assuming you take the time to read the directions and take reasonable care of the tool. Consumer Reports tested three deep cleaners and found that the Hoover Steam Vac V2 and the Bissell 7920 ProHeat Pro-Tech were \\\"very good,\\\" just a notch below the professional cleaner's score. Each model cost about $250.\",\n \"If you compare all the numbers, you realize that you could rent a machine nine times for the price of one professional cleaning for part of a house. And for not all that much more, you could buy a home machine to use whenever you want. So it's a good question whether frequent cleaning with a \\\"very good\\\" or even a \\\"good\\\" machine leaves the carpet cleaner than if you save up for periodic professional cleaning, even if it is more thorough.\",\n \"Carpet manufacturers generally recommend professional cleaning of carpets every 12 to 18 months. But if you have indoor pets, track in oily dirt from a garage floor, or find lots of sticky things spilled on your carpet, renting a machine or buying one for interim cleanings makes sense. If, after several DIY cleanings, the fibers don't seem to be as clean as they once were, you can always call in a pro for a more thorough job.\",\n \"If you do proceed to clean on your own, with either a rented machine or one you buy, a few steps can make all the difference in how the job turns out. Use only the detergent recommended for the machine, and never use more than the label recommends. A more concentrated formula won't clean better; it will just leave the carpet fibers sticky.\",\n \"Many professionals mist a pre-treatment solution onto the carpet, which allows a longer time to break down oily compounds. Then they run only clear water through the machine. You might experiment with the same approach. Or, if you want to minimize the use of cleaning products in your house, try using the machine with only plain, hot water, especially if you still plan a professional cleaning periodically.\",\n \"Before you begin, make sure that you have one or more good fans available so that you can ensure speedy drying even if something goes wrong. With properly functioning equipment, the carpet should dry within four or five hours; if it takes more than 24 hours, you risk getting mildew growth in the backing.\",\n \"Many so-called \\\"stains\\\" are actually soil that has stuck onto carpet fibers because something sticky spilled and wasn't cleaned up. A deep cleaning with detergent and water should get this out.\",\n \"Stains are color changes in the fibers themselves. Quick action when spills occur usually makes all the difference in whether these changes are permanent or correctable. The first aid measures depend on the specific spill. On the Web, you can find all sorts of home remedies, some that work and some that don't. For advice based on actual test results, look at the floor care section of Shaw's site, http://www.shawfloors.com/ .\",\n \"Because you'll work quickly, assemble a stain-removal kit ahead of time. Stock it with white cloths or paper towels and three spray bottles, labeled. Fill one with detergent solution -- water plus a few drops of clear, liquid dishwashing detergent (no more than 1/4 teaspoon of detergent to 32 ounces of water). Fill the second bottle with half water and half white vinegar; this makes an acidic cleaner that will combat alkaline spills. The third bottle is for an alkaline cleaner to use against acidic spills. Mix one tablespoon of ammonia to one cup of water. (Never use the alkaline cleaner on wool or wool- blend carpets because it will destroy the fibers.) Add to your kit a bottle of nail polish remover, a chewing gum remover, and a spot remover designed specifically for grease, oil or tar.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?\\n\\nwashingtonpost.com > Arts & Living > Home and Garden\\n\\n###### KNOW HOW\\n\\n# The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?\\n\\nTOOLBOX\\n\\nResize\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nE-mail\\n\\nReprints \\n \\n--- \\n \\nBy Jeanne Huber\\n\\nSpecial to The Washington Post Thursday, September 29, 2005\\n\\nQ Are the carpet steamer/cleaners that you can rent at the grocery store worth\\nit?\\n\\nA It is possible to clean carpet reasonably well with a machine you rent. That\\nsaid, you should also recognize that a good professional probably would do a\\nbetter job. And if you anticipate tackling the job frequently on your own, you\\nmight be better off buying a deep-cleaning machine, which works similarly to\\nthe rental machines.\\n\\nWith all of these options, the basic cleaning method is the same. Although\\nit's often called steam cleaning, the process doesn't use actual steam. First\\na solution of detergent and water is spread over the carpet and worked into\\nthe fibers. Then it is rinsed out -- along with the grime -- by vacuuming up\\nas much moisture as possible. (Other approaches to carpet cleaning, such as\\nbuffing fibers with absorbent pads or working in absorbent powder and then\\nvacuuming it out, don't work as well, according to research done by Shaw\\nIndustries Inc., the world's largest carpet manufacturer.)\\n\\nProfessionals with truck-mounted equipment have the edge in several ways.\\nBecause they clean carpets day after day, they aren't as likely to make\\nmistakes such as using too much detergent or neglecting to rinse away all\\nresidue. Also, the trucks deliver hot water, which boosts the detergent's\\neffectiveness. With a rental machine, the best you can do is to pour hot water\\ninto the mixing tank and hope it doesn't cool off too much as you clean.\\nFinally, professionals benefit from having more powerful vacuum systems.\\nBecause they remove more water, it's possible to rinse more thoroughly. The\\namount of water flowing through carpet fibers is the most important factor\\nthat determines whether a cleaning is thorough, Shaw's researchers found.\\nPlus, the professional vacuums leave the fibers dryer, so the room can get\\nback in use faster.\\n\\nHowever, getting a professional cleaning is relatively expensive compared with\\ntackling the job yourself with a rented machine. Two years ago, as Consumer\\nReports magazine was testing deep cleaners, researchers also evaluated one\\nprofessional service and one nationwide rental company's machines. The pro did\\nan \\\"excellent\\\" job, while the rental machines were just \\\"good.\\\" Yet Consumer\\nReports, always on the hunt for bargains, still saw value in using a rented\\nmachine. To clean two rooms and a hallway, the professional charged $181.\\nRenting a machine for a day cost only about $20.\\n\\nOne factor that dragged down the score for the rental machines: Their quality\\nvaried considerably. If you're a novice at carpet cleaning, this is a big\\nissue. If a machine not in good repair dumps too much detergent onto the\\ncarpet, for example, you might just keep going, assuming that's what it's\\nsupposed to do.\\n\\nBuying a deep-cleaning machine gets around this problem, assuming you take the\\ntime to read the directions and take reasonable care of the tool. Consumer\\nReports tested three deep cleaners and found that the Hoover Steam Vac V2 and\\nthe Bissell 7920 ProHeat Pro-Tech were \\\"very good,\\\" just a notch below the\\nprofessional cleaner's score. Each model cost about $250.\\n\\nIf you compare all the numbers, you realize that you could rent a machine nine\\ntimes for the price of one professional cleaning for part of a house. And for\\nnot all that much more, you could buy a home machine to use whenever you want.\\nSo it's a good question whether frequent cleaning with a \\\"very good\\\" or even a\\n\\\"good\\\" machine leaves the carpet cleaner than if you save up for periodic\\nprofessional cleaning, even if it is more thorough.\\n\\nCarpet manufacturers generally recommend professional cleaning of carpets\\nevery 12 to 18 months. But if you have indoor pets, track in oily dirt from a\\ngarage floor, or find lots of sticky things spilled on your carpet, renting a\\nmachine or buying one for interim cleanings makes sense. If, after several DIY\\ncleanings, the fibers don't seem to be as clean as they once were, you can\\nalways call in a pro for a more thorough job.\\n\\nIf you do proceed to clean on your own, with either a rented machine or one\\nyou buy, a few steps can make all the difference in how the job turns out. Use\\nonly the detergent recommended for the machine, and never use more than the\\nlabel recommends. A more concentrated formula won't clean better; it will just\\nleave the carpet fibers sticky.\\n\\nMany professionals mist a pre-treatment solution onto the carpet, which allows\\na longer time to break down oily compounds. Then they run only clear water\\nthrough the machine. You might experiment with the same approach. Or, if you\\nwant to minimize the use of cleaning products in your house, try using the\\nmachine with only plain, hot water, especially if you still plan a\\nprofessional cleaning periodically.\\n\\nBefore you begin, make sure that you have one or more good fans available so\\nthat you can ensure speedy drying even if something goes wrong. With properly\\nfunctioning equipment, the carpet should dry within four or five hours; if it\\ntakes more than 24 hours, you risk getting mildew growth in the backing.\\n\\nWhat's a realistic expectation for carpet stain removal?\\n\\nMany so-called \\\"stains\\\" are actually soil that has stuck onto carpet fibers\\nbecause something sticky spilled and wasn't cleaned up. A deep cleaning with\\ndetergent and water should get this out.\\n\\nStains are color changes in the fibers themselves. Quick action when spills\\noccur usually makes all the difference in whether these changes are permanent\\nor correctable. The first aid measures depend on the specific spill. On the\\nWeb, you can find all sorts of home remedies, some that work and some that\\ndon't. For advice based on actual test results, look at the floor care section\\nof Shaw's site, http://www.shawfloors.com/ .\\n\\nBecause you'll work quickly, assemble a stain-removal kit ahead of time. Stock\\nit with white cloths or paper towels and three spray bottles, labeled. Fill\\none with detergent solution -- water plus a few drops of clear, liquid\\ndishwashing detergent (no more than 1/4 teaspoon of detergent to 32 ounces of\\nwater). Fill the second bottle with half water and half white vinegar; this\\nmakes an acidic cleaner that will combat alkaline spills. The third bottle is\\nfor an alkaline cleaner to use against acidic spills. Mix one tablespoon of\\nammonia to one cup of water. (Never use the alkaline cleaner on wool or wool-\\nblend carpets because it will destroy the fibers.) Add to your kit a bottle of\\nnail polish remover, a chewing gum remover, and a spot remover designed\\nspecifically for grease, oil or tar.\\n\\n© 2005 The Washington Post Company\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514011753/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Urine Stain Removal Guide\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Whether you are in the throes of potty training or your pet has an accident on the carpet, you want to clean up urine as quickly as possible.\",\n \"However, my focus in this article is to give tips for removing human urine. If you need to remove pet urine check out this page on pet stain removal.\",\n \"Step 1: Run the fabric, inside out, under the cold (not warm or hot) water to flush out as much of the urine as possible.\",\n \"Step 2: Pretreat the stain with liquid laundry detergent containing enzymes, soaking for 30 minutes in cold water, or in the alternative pretreat with an enzyme pretreater. Do not use hot water.\",\n \"Step 3: Launder in the hottest water the fabric will allow to get out the stain, and either chlorine bleach if the fabric will allow it, or oxygen bleach if not.\",\n \"Hint: Make sure the stain is gone after washing, but before you place in the dryer or you may set the stain.\",\n \"Step 1: Blot any excess urine from the upholstery, being careful not to spread the stain or grind it into the upholstery.\",\n \"Check out urine cleaner reviews here, or submit your own, to find out which products have worked (or not worked) for readers just like you.\",\n \"Step 6: If the stain remains use an eye dropper to apply a few drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide to the spot, followed by a few drops of ammonia.\",\n \"Hint: Test both the hydrogen peroxide and ammonia in an inconspicuous location of your upholstery to make sure it does not harm it before using either on your urine stain.\",\n \"Step 7: Now that the stain is removed you should get plain cold water and a new white cloth and sponge the area to remove the cleaning solution, and then blot dry.\",\n \"The instructions for removing urine from a mattress are quite similar to the instructions above for removing urine from upholstery.\",\n \"Do you have your own urine stain removal tip? If so, submit your tip here, or read other tips already submitted.\",\n \"Are you a stain magnet like me? If so, check out the A to Z Stain Removal Guide which gives directions for how to remove over 100 types of stains from all kinds of surfaces.\",\n \"Hi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience with house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other messy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.\",\n \"I update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes, reviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various cleaners, removers and laundry supplies.\",\n \"I'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter you will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can reference as needed.\",\n \"CAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is provided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just won't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm your item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive call a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Urine Stain Removal Guide\\n\\n * House Cleaning |\\n * Laundry |\\n * Stains |\\n * Homemade Cleaners |\\n * Spring Cleaning |\\n * Free Stain Removal Chart |\\n * Contact Me\\n\\n# Urine Stain Removal Guide\\n\\nBelow are urine stain removal tips and techniques for clothing, upholstery,\\ncarpet, and mattresses, with step by step instructions.\\n\\nWhether you are in the throes of potty training or your pet has an accident on\\nthe carpet, you want to clean up urine as quickly as possible.\\n\\nGenerally, the directions below work on both human and pet urine, such as dog\\nurine and cat urine.\\n\\nHowever, my focus in this article is to give tips for removing human urine. If\\nyou need to remove pet urine check out this page on pet stain removal.\\n\\n### Urine Stain Removal From Clothing\\n\\nStep 1: Run the fabric, inside out, under the cold (not warm or hot) water to\\nflush out as much of the urine as possible.\\n\\nStep 2: Pretreat the stain with liquid laundry detergent containing enzymes,\\nsoaking for 30 minutes in cold water, or in the alternative pretreat with an\\nenzyme pretreater. Do not use hot water.\\n\\nHint: If the stain is older, you may need to soak even longer, perhaps even\\novernight.\\n\\nStep 3: Launder in the hottest water the fabric will allow to get out the\\nstain, and either chlorine bleach if the fabric will allow it, or oxygen\\nbleach if not.\\n\\nHint: Make sure the stain is gone after washing, but before you place in the\\ndryer or you may set the stain.\\n\\n### Removing Urine Stains From Upholstery\\n\\nStep 1: Blot any excess urine from the upholstery, being careful not to spread\\nthe stain or grind it into the upholstery.\\n\\nStep 2: Mix a solution of two cups cool water, one tablespoon dishwashing\\nliquid, and one tablespoon of vinegar.\\n\\nStep 3: Using this solution, sponge the spot with a clean white cloth.\\n\\nStep 4: Next, blot at the stain until the liquid is absorbed.\\n\\nStep 5: Repeat steps 3-4 until the spot from the urine is removed from the\\nupholstery.\\n\\n#### What Urine Cleaner Should You Use?\\n\\nThere are lots of products out there for cleaning up urine stains, but which\\nones actually work the best?\\n\\nCheck out urine cleaner reviews here, or submit your own, to find out which\\nproducts have worked (or not worked) for readers just like you.\\n\\nIf that removes the stain skip down to step 7. Otherwise, continue on with the\\nnext step.\\n\\nStep 6: If the stain remains use an eye dropper to apply a few drops of 3%\\nhydrogen peroxide to the spot, followed by a few drops of ammonia.\\n\\nHint: Test both the hydrogen peroxide and ammonia in an inconspicuous location\\nof your upholstery to make sure it does not harm it before using either on\\nyour urine stain.\\n\\nStep 7: Now that the stain is removed you should get plain cold water and a\\nnew white cloth and sponge the area to remove the cleaning solution, and then\\nblot dry.\\n\\nHint: Be sure to get the upholstery only as wet as necessary to remove the\\nstain from the urine.\\n\\nYou can get more information on how to clean upholstery here.\\n\\n### How To Remove Urine Stain From Carpet\\n\\nThe instructions for urine stain removal from carpet is the same as for\\nupholstery.\\n\\n### How To Remove Urine From Mattress\\n\\nThe instructions for removing urine from a mattress are quite similar to the\\ninstructions above for removing urine from upholstery.\\n\\nYou can also check out this article and video for removing urine on a\\nmattress.\\n\\n### Submit Your Own Tip For Removing Urine Stains\\n\\nDo you have your own urine stain removal tip? If so, submit your tip here, or\\nread other tips already submitted.\\n\\n### Get Even More Stain And Spot Removal Help Here\\n\\nAre you a stain magnet like me? If so, check out the A to Z Stain Removal\\nGuide which gives directions for how to remove over 100 types of stains from\\nall kinds of surfaces.\\n\\n#### Thanks For Visiting My Website: Grab Your Free Gift!\\n\\nHi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience\\nwith house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other\\nmessy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.\\n\\n[Get your free chart here]\\n\\nI update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes,\\nreviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various\\ncleaners, removers and laundry supplies.\\n\\nI'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter\\nyou will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can\\nreference as needed.\\n\\nI hope you enjoy this gift, and stop by again soon!\\n\\n### Share Your Comments, Tips & Ideas\\n\\n#### Related Pages You May Enjoy\\n\\nA-Z Guide: Instructions For Removing Over 100 Types Of Stains\\n\\nGo From Urine Stain Removal To Home Page\\n\\nCAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is\\nprovided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just\\nwon't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm\\nyour item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive\\ncall a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information.\\n\\n### Home & What's New\\n\\n * Home Page\\n * Busy Mom's Blog\\n\\n### Stain Removal Basics\\n\\n * {A-Z} Stain Guide\\n * Techniques & Rules\\n * Ask For Stain Help\\n * Stain Tips From Readers\\n\\n### Remove Stains By Surface\\n\\n * Clean Upholstery\\n\\n### Stain Removal Supplies & Equipment\\n\\n * Recommended Removers\\n * {A-M} Remover Reviews\\n * {N-Z} Remover Reviews\\n * Essential Equipment\\n\\n### Laundry Tips\\n\\n * Laundry Guide\\n * Fabric Care Guide\\n\\n### Laundry Supplies & Equipment\\n\\n * Laundry Supplies Reviews\\n * {A-M} Detergent Reviews\\n * {N-Z} Detergent Reviews\\n * Detergent Facts & Info\\n\\n### House Cleaning Tips\\n\\n * How To Clean Anything\\n * 31 Days Of Spring Cleaning\\n * Cleaning Tips From Readers\\n\\n### Homemade Cleaners\\n\\n * Cleaning Products Recipes\\n * Recipes From Readers\\n\\n### Cleaning Supplies & Equipment\\n\\n * {A-H} Product Reviews\\n * {I-Q} Product Reviews\\n * {R-Z} Product Reviews\\n * Green Cleaners Reviews\\n * Earth Friendly Brands\\n * Equipment & Tools Reviews\\n\\n### Household Hints\\n\\n * Household Remedies\\n * Household Hints From Readers\\n\\n### Resources\\n\\n * Free Housekeeping Checklist E-Book\\n * Search This Site\\n\\n### Stay In Touch\\n\\n * Out Darn Spot! Newsletter\\n * Contact Me\\n\\n#### Popular Guide Pages\\n\\nBallpoint Ink\\n\\nBlueberry\\n\\nBlood\\n\\nDeodorant\\n\\nFeces\\n\\nGrease\\n\\nHair Dye\\n\\nOil\\n\\nSweat\\n\\nUrine\\n\\n#### Let's Stay Connected!\\n\\nGet Free Email Updates (and get a FREE printable)\\n\\n### Related Pages\\n\\nTop 10 Tips For Removing Stains\\n\\nRemovers Taylor Recommends\\n\\nAsk Me For Help\\n\\nTell Me About Your Favorite Products\\n\\nTell Me Your Tips\\n\\nBaby Stains\\n\\nFeces\\n\\nCarpet Pet Stain Removal Tips\\n\\nBaby Wipe Uses\\n\\nVisit Household Management 101\\n\\nVisit Home Storage Solutions 101\\n\\n * Disclaimer of Liability |\\n * Disclosure |\\n * Privacy Policy |\\n * Product Review Disclosure |\\n * Advertising |\\n * Share This Site\\n\\nCopyright © 2009-2021 - Flanery Companies, LLC - All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.momadvice.com:80/money/line_drying_clothing\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161107010058/http://www.momadvice.com:80/money/line_drying_clothing\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"The Benefits of Line Drying Your Clothing\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"The Benefits of Line Drying Your Clothing - Mom Advice\\n\\n * About MomAdvice\\n * About Amy Clark\\n * @momadvice\\n * Follow on Facebook\\n * Follow on Pinterest\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-Urine-Odors-on-Floors.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518174908/https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-Urine-Odors-on-Floors.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"When cleaning up any cat or dog pee on the floor, never ever use ammonia. Dog and cat pee both have a high ammonia content (often cats more so than dogs) so the smell can attract your pet and cause them to keep mistaking that spot for a bathroom! Most dogs and cats can smell one tiny spot of pee with their highly developed sense of smell.\",\n \"If it's on a wood, tile, or linoleum floor use your normal cleaner, but be sure to go over the spot several times with a paper towel first. If you use your mop to clean up a pee puddle, it will most likely be just spreading the urine and scent around which also attracts them back to where they smell the urine, to pee again. If your pet keeps coming back to the area to use it as a bathroom you will want to try a product with live enzymes to remove the smell permanently. Be sure to spot check with the product first, as it needs to sit on the area and be allowed to air dry.\",\n \"Ask a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to see the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\",\n \"I have a Florida room that I keep my 4 (don't ask) little dogs in at night. The floor is tile and I have to mop the floor every day. What is the best way to mop this floor that will neutralize the smell?\",\n \"Also, does anyone know, what is the best way to keep the dogs from \\\"using\\\" the floor of this room as their potty? They have a doggie door that takes them right to their dog pen. Should I try taking their food and water away from them at night or what?\",\n \"I am at my wits end. I love them all but the constant cleaning is killing me. They are all adopted so I will not get rid of any of them as they are my babies.\",\n \"The best way to teach them where you want them to go is to put some of the waste material in the area you want and then patiently train them until they understand what you want. I also have small dogs. It can take quite awhile, once they have learned bad habits.\",\n \"The scent is what they are responding to. Dogs will tend to go where the scent indicates they have gone before. If you pick up or mop up some of the mess with paper towels and then place them outside where they should be going, it will be a good start. Show it to them right away, and remind them buy taking them out to that spot whenever you catch them going indoors. Be patient. It may seem it will never work, but in my experience they are very cooperative once they \\\"get it.\\\" Also, find the strongest odor remover you can find and use it every day indoors. If that doesn't seem to be doing it, try a very strong odor that the dogs will not appreciate, such as vinegar or ammonia. Keep the scent indoors eliminated or covered, and keep reminding them.\",\n \"The second part of the training is to make sure you praise and reward them when they do what you want, and make absolutely certain that you do not do anything they might think of as a reward when they do what you do not want them to do. My dogs get a treat every night when I put them to bed. I make absolutely certain that they do not get this treat anytime within 15 minutes of the time I have to clean up any mess on the floor. I also give it to them immediately after I get the soiled puppy pad up and put a new one down. They are getting the idea.\",\n \"I agree with the cage at night. It's not mean. I had a Great Dane who preferred her kennel. She would voluntarily go in to take naps. It was her special place that she could have all to herself. I agree that they are going because they smell that they've gone there before. You will have to try to get that smell out and probably seal the grout or something. And as long as they're in a room temperature area, I don't think they would have a problem with not having their food and water out at night. My dog is fed free choice because I haven't had any problem with him with weight or accidents, but I know vets sometimes recommend having a feeding schedule for your dog. My mother in law's dogs are fed at 7 am and 4 pm, water is left out all day...then at night they go to their \\\"bed\\\". They are perfectly fine.\",\n \"The grout on your tile floors is where the residual smell remains. If you were able to totally clean it, you could, in theory, seal your grout and then the smell would be gone.\",\n \"It sounds like this has been occuring for quite awhile, and I doubt there is a way to entirely remove the smell from the grout. The best solution is to remove the grout and re-grout the room. This is something you can do yourself if you have patience. Any home improvement store will have the necessary tools. If you are really patient, I reccommend an epoxy grout. This grout resists stains and spills much more than a regular grout and never needs to be sealed. The downside, is that it takes more time and care when grouting.\",\n \"I have five pitbulls a pug and two chihuahuas in my house I have no children so they are my babies. I had some trouble at my old house but there is stuff that you can buy on the t.v. called urine be gone. IT WORKS GREAT since I have moved I have made it a rule to take them out about 6 times a day and leave them out for about 20 minutes each time. Now they tell me when they need to go outside. It took me about two months to perfect it but it is so worth it.\",\n \"Agree with the poster who mentioned crating your furbabies at night; they will probably protest at first, but it sure beats mopping up urine all over the place every morning.\",\n \"See you're from the South, too-- Publix has a really inexpensive product in the pet food aisle called Pet Select PEE-PEE; it comes in a fairly large bottle and is for odor and stain removal.\",\n \"We picked this up--not for my dog, thank heaven-- when a friend's dog came over and puddled all over the place. Worked great!\",\n \"Dependent upon how big that room is, I'd pick up a couple of bottles ( under $20), block the dogs' access to the floor, spread it full-strength on it so it seeps into the grout and let it sit for about a half-hour.\",\n \"What else can you use besides Pine Sol to clean your floors to get the oil up from the dog's pee?\",\n \"Use Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet has marked its territory and you don't want that!\",\n \"Use Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet has marked its territory and you don't want that! It removes all stains and odors.\",\n \"I think the stronger the clean up chemical is, it makes it smell worse. Here are three suggestions #1 After initial wipe, one part hydrogen peroxide and two parts water. Let it sit on the spot for five to ten minutes before wiping. #2 Undiluted white vinegar. Spray on and wipe.# 3 Baking soda to absorb, then wipe.\",\n \"First scrub with cut Lemon(or Lime). Make paste of Baking Soda and Vinegar. Apply in that spot. Leave for 5 minutes. Then wipe with a wet cloth. I think that helps.\",\n \"About 5 weeks ago I watched my son's puppy and he peed on the carpet and once on the kitchen floor, which I cleaned up. After she left my 3 year old (15#) Bichon/Maltese has been going on the kitchen spot, not every day and not all the time. She does it when we are home, but we can never catch her. We have used Dap, but it does not work. Help.\",\n \"Try an enzymatic cleaner. Just last week I bought a bottle of OUT! Stain and Odor Remover while I was at Wal-Mart. Previously I got PetZyme from Petsmart.\",\n \"From the back of my new bottle: -Natural pro-bacteria and enzyme solution permanently removes stains and odors -Removes pheromones that cause pets to revisit and resoil spots\",\n \"I have three cats. One throws up from time to time, so I use enzymatic to clean up the spots. When my youngest was a kitten, he had a little pee accident on the couch. I used the enzymatic cleaner, sucked up as much as I could with my carpet cleaner, gave it all one more good spray, and let it air dry. The other cats came around and acted interested while it was drying, but once it was completely dried, I could not smell anything, and the other cats acted completely uninterested (I was so worried they'd all star peeing on that spot!).\",\n \"So, for us, an enzymatic cleaner is the way to go. I haven't had to try the new bottle yet, but I'm hoping it performs like the stuff from Petsmart. I got it from the area where they have pet shampoos and potty training supplies. I know that there are other brands, too.\",\n \"If the dog is going only to the uncarpeted spot in the kitchen, another thing yhou could try is sprinkling a little cayenne pepper on the spot. I know that works for cats as they do not like the smell. It may work for dogs as well. I would try that first and then try the cleaner as the other poster Mrs. Story suggested.\",\n \"Cayenne ( or any pepper) is an irritant and very dangerous if it gets in a pet's eyes. Marg from England.\",\n \"I have a 18 yr old cat that goes outside to pee but then poops in the tiled bathroom or hallway to the bedrooms, but my 3 yr old Smithfield heeler after we close the back doors before we go too bed if he needs to pee he uses my cats litter tray and we have not taught him this, but sometimes he may piddle on the family room tiles, I have tried everything other then the vinegar so I will try this method tonite and see how it goes, so thank u for ur tips on this problem... thank you so much\",\n \"Because of its composition, removing pet urine stains and odors from laminate flooring may seem daunting. This is a page about cleaning pet urine stains and odors from laminate flooring.\",\n \"Pet owners may find themselves needing to remove dog urine odors from their carpet. This is a page about cleaning dog urine odors from carpet.\",\n \"Accidents happen, but removing urine odors from wood floors can seem like a big job. This is a page about cleaning pet urine odors from hardwood floors.\",\n \"Removing urine stains and odors from flooring can be a challenge. This page is about cleaning pet urine stains and odors from a tile floor.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors | ThriftyFun\\n\\nMenu Ask a Question Share a Post Account Search\\n\\nsocial\\n\\n# Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors\\n\\n2\\n\\nShare\\n\\nPin\\n\\nFlag\\n\\nSave\\n\\nFollow\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nEmail\\n\\n### Tip: Avoid Cleaners With Ammonia to Remove Pet Urine\\n\\nBy Bella Blue [47 Posts, 5 Comments]\\n\\nApril 8, 2014\\n\\nWhen cleaning up any cat or dog pee on the floor, never ever use ammonia. Dog\\nand cat pee both have a high ammonia content (often cats more so than dogs) so\\nthe smell can attract your pet and cause them to keep mistaking that spot for\\na bathroom! Most dogs and cats can smell one tiny spot of pee with their\\nhighly developed sense of smell.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nIf it's on a wood, tile, or linoleum floor use your normal cleaner, but be\\nsure to go over the spot several times with a paper towel first. If you use\\nyour mop to clean up a pee puddle, it will most likely be just spreading the\\nurine and scent around which also attracts them back to where they smell the\\nurine, to pee again. If your pet keeps coming back to the area to use it as a\\nbathroom you will want to try a product with live enzymes to remove the smell\\npermanently. Be sure to spot check with the product first, as it needs to sit\\non the area and be allowed to air dry.\\n\\nComment Was this helpful? 7\\n\\nRead More Comments\\n\\n## Questions\\n\\nAsk a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to\\nsee the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\\n\\n### Question: Dogs and Tile Floors?\\n\\nBy JONNIE [25 Posts, 2 Comments]\\n\\nSeptember 21, 2005\\n\\nI have a Florida room that I keep my 4 (don't ask) little dogs in at night.\\nThe floor is tile and I have to mop the floor every day. What is the best way\\nto mop this floor that will neutralize the smell?\\n\\nAlso, does anyone know, what is the best way to keep the dogs from \\\"using\\\" the\\nfloor of this room as their potty? They have a doggie door that takes them\\nright to their dog pen. Should I try taking their food and water away from\\nthem at night or what?\\n\\nI am at my wits end. I love them all but the constant cleaning is killing me.\\nThey are all adopted so I will not get rid of any of them as they are my\\nbabies.\\n\\nTIA Cookiepom\\n\\n#### Answers\\n\\nBy Denise Roche [12 Comments]\\n\\nSeptember 21, 20050 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nThe best way to teach them where you want them to go is to put some of the\\nwaste material in the area you want and then patiently train them until they\\nunderstand what you want. I also have small dogs. It can take quite awhile,\\nonce they have learned bad habits.\\n\\nThe scent is what they are responding to. Dogs will tend to go where the scent\\nindicates they have gone before. If you pick up or mop up some of the mess\\nwith paper towels and then place them outside where they should be going, it\\nwill be a good start. Show it to them right away, and remind them buy taking\\nthem out to that spot whenever you catch them going indoors. Be patient. It\\nmay seem it will never work, but in my experience they are very cooperative\\nonce they \\\"get it.\\\" Also, find the strongest odor remover you can find and use\\nit every day indoors. If that doesn't seem to be doing it, try a very strong\\nodor that the dogs will not appreciate, such as vinegar or ammonia. Keep the\\nscent indoors eliminated or covered, and keep reminding them.\\n\\nThe second part of the training is to make sure you praise and reward them\\nwhen they do what you want, and make absolutely certain that you do not do\\nanything they might think of as a reward when they do what you do not want\\nthem to do. My dogs get a treat every night when I put them to bed. I make\\nabsolutely certain that they do not get this treat anytime within 15 minutes\\nof the time I have to clean up any mess on the floor. I also give it to them\\nimmediately after I get the soiled puppy pad up and put a new one down. They\\nare getting the idea.\\n\\nIt is a very bad idea to withhold food and (especially) water for training\\npurposes.\\n\\nDenise\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy JoAnn [3 Posts, 40 Comments]\\n\\nSeptember 22, 20050 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nI agree with the cage at night. It's not mean. I had a Great Dane who\\npreferred her kennel. She would voluntarily go in to take naps. It was her\\nspecial place that she could have all to herself. I agree that they are going\\nbecause they smell that they've gone there before. You will have to try to get\\nthat smell out and probably seal the grout or something. And as long as\\nthey're in a room temperature area, I don't think they would have a problem\\nwith not having their food and water out at night. My dog is fed free choice\\nbecause I haven't had any problem with him with weight or accidents, but I\\nknow vets sometimes recommend having a feeding schedule for your dog. My\\nmother in law's dogs are fed at 7 am and 4 pm, water is left out all\\nday...then at night they go to their \\\"bed\\\". They are perfectly fine.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy Chelsea (Guest Post)\\n\\nOctober 4, 20050 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nThe grout on your tile floors is where the residual smell remains. If you were\\nable to totally clean it, you could, in theory, seal your grout and then the\\nsmell would be gone.\\n\\nI know nothing about training dogs, but I'm assume you'll have to do both.\\n\\nIt sounds like this has been occuring for quite awhile, and I doubt there is a\\nway to entirely remove the smell from the grout. The best solution is to\\nremove the grout and re-grout the room. This is something you can do yourself\\nif you have patience. Any home improvement store will have the necessary\\ntools. If you are really patient, I reccommend an epoxy grout. This grout\\nresists stains and spills much more than a regular grout and never needs to be\\nsealed. The downside, is that it takes more time and care when grouting.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy crystal (Guest Post)\\n\\nSeptember 17, 20060 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nI have five pitbulls a pug and two chihuahuas in my house I have no children\\nso they are my babies. I had some trouble at my old house but there is stuff\\nthat you can buy on the t.v. called urine be gone. IT WORKS GREAT since I have\\nmoved I have made it a rule to take them out about 6 times a day and leave\\nthem out for about 20 minutes each time. Now they tell me when they need to go\\noutside. It took me about two months to perfect it but it is so worth it.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy Candy Killion [10 Posts, 413 Comments]\\n\\nJuly 10, 20090 found this helpful\\n\\nBest Answer\\n\\nAgree with the poster who mentioned crating your furbabies at night; they will\\nprobably protest at first, but it sure beats mopping up urine all over the\\nplace every morning.\\n\\nSee you're from the South, too-- Publix has a really inexpensive product in\\nthe pet food aisle called Pet Select PEE-PEE; it comes in a fairly large\\nbottle and is for odor and stain removal.\\n\\nWe picked this up--not for my dog, thank heaven-- when a friend's dog came\\nover and puddled all over the place. Worked great!\\n\\nDependent upon how big that room is, I'd pick up a couple of bottles ( under\\n$20), block the dogs' access to the floor, spread it full-strength on it so it\\nseeps into the grout and let it sit for about a half-hour.\\n\\nMop that up and then follow the bottle directions and mop again and rinse.\\n\\nThis stuff really is excellent and I've also used it as a stain pre-treat for\\nnormal laundry!\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nAnswer this Question\\n\\n### Question: Cleaning Up Dog Pee on Floors?\\n\\nBy parnellsusie [1 Post]\\n\\nMarch 8, 2017\\n\\nWhat else can you use besides Pine Sol to clean your floors to get the oil up\\nfrom the dog's pee?\\n\\n#### Answers\\n\\nBy Judy [648 Posts, 16,978 Comments]\\n\\nMarch 8, 20170 found this helpful\\n\\nUse Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet\\nhas marked its territory and you don't want that!\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy Judy [648 Posts, 16,978 Comments]\\n\\nMarch 8, 20170 found this helpful\\n\\nUse Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet\\nhas marked its territory and you don't want that! It removes all stains and\\nodors.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy KIM HOGGAN [97 Posts, 159 Comments]\\n\\nMarch 9, 20170 found this helpful\\n\\nI think the stronger the clean up chemical is, it makes it smell worse. Here\\nare three suggestions #1 After initial wipe, one part hydrogen peroxide and\\ntwo parts water. Let it sit on the spot for five to ten minutes before wiping.\\n#2 Undiluted white vinegar. Spray on and wipe.# 3 Baking soda to absorb, then\\nwipe.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy pandesudha [1 Comment]\\n\\nApril 6, 20170 found this helpful\\n\\nFirst scrub with cut Lemon(or Lime). Make paste of Baking Soda and Vinegar.\\nApply in that spot. Leave for 5 minutes. Then wipe with a wet cloth. I think\\nthat helps.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nAnswer this Question\\n\\n### Question: Getting Rid of Dog Urine Odor on the Kitchen Floor?\\n\\nJanuary 10, 2011\\n\\nAbout 5 weeks ago I watched my son's puppy and he peed on the carpet and once\\non the kitchen floor, which I cleaned up. After she left my 3 year old (15#)\\nBichon/Maltese has been going on the kitchen spot, not every day and not all\\nthe time. She does it when we are home, but we can never catch her. We have\\nused Dap, but it does not work. Help.\\n\\nEileen\\n\\n#### Answers\\n\\nBy Lisa [2 Posts, 653 Comments]\\n\\nJanuary 10, 20111 found this helpful\\n\\nTry an enzymatic cleaner. Just last week I bought a bottle of OUT! Stain and\\nOdor Remover while I was at Wal-Mart. Previously I got PetZyme from Petsmart.\\n\\nFrom the back of my new bottle: -Natural pro-bacteria and enzyme solution\\npermanently removes stains and odors -Removes pheromones that cause pets to\\nrevisit and resoil spots\\n\\nI have three cats. One throws up from time to time, so I use enzymatic to\\nclean up the spots. When my youngest was a kitten, he had a little pee\\naccident on the couch. I used the enzymatic cleaner, sucked up as much as I\\ncould with my carpet cleaner, gave it all one more good spray, and let it air\\ndry. The other cats came around and acted interested while it was drying, but\\nonce it was completely dried, I could not smell anything, and the other cats\\nacted completely uninterested (I was so worried they'd all star peeing on that\\nspot!).\\n\\nSo, for us, an enzymatic cleaner is the way to go. I haven't had to try the\\nnew bottle yet, but I'm hoping it performs like the stuff from Petsmart. I got\\nit from the area where they have pet shampoos and potty training supplies. I\\nknow that there are other brands, too.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? 1\\n\\nBy frances [1 Post, 109 Comments]\\n\\nJanuary 10, 20110 found this helpful\\n\\nIf the dog is going only to the uncarpeted spot in the kitchen, another thing\\nyhou could try is sprinkling a little cayenne pepper on the spot. I know that\\nworks for cats as they do not like the smell. It may work for dogs as well. I\\nwould try that first and then try the cleaner as the other poster Mrs. Story\\nsuggested.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy Marg [21 Posts, 692 Comments]\\n\\nDecember 5, 20180 found this helpful\\n\\nCayenne ( or any pepper) is an irritant and very dangerous if it gets in a\\npet's eyes. Marg from England.\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nBy mummatee71 [1 Comment]\\n\\nDecember 20, 20180 found this helpful\\n\\nI have a 18 yr old cat that goes outside to pee but then poops in the tiled\\nbathroom or hallway to the bedrooms, but my 3 yr old Smithfield heeler after\\nwe close the back doors before we go too bed if he needs to pee he uses my\\ncats litter tray and we have not taught him this, but sometimes he may piddle\\non the family room tiles, I have tried everything other then the vinegar so I\\nwill try this method tonite and see how it goes, so thank u for ur tips on\\nthis problem... thank you so much\\n\\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\\n\\nAnswer this Question\\n\\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors from Laminate Flooring\\n\\nFebruary 27, 2013\\n\\nBecause of its composition, removing pet urine stains and odors from laminate\\nflooring may seem daunting. This is a page about cleaning pet urine stains and\\nodors from laminate flooring.\\n\\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 3\\n\\n### Cleaning Dog Urine Odors from Carpet\\n\\nApril 27, 2016\\n\\nPet owners may find themselves needing to remove dog urine odors from their\\ncarpet. This is a page about cleaning dog urine odors from carpet.\\n\\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 2\\n\\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Odor From Hardwood Floors\\n\\nNovember 4, 2012\\n\\nAccidents happen, but removing urine odors from wood floors can seem like a\\nbig job. This is a page about cleaning pet urine odors from hardwood floors.\\n\\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 2\\n\\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors From a Tile Floor\\n\\nFebruary 25, 2013\\n\\nRemoving urine stains and odors from flooring can be a challenge. This page is\\nabout cleaning pet urine stains and odors from a tile floor.\\n\\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 1\\n\\nIn This Page\\n\\nGetting Rid of Urine Odors\\n\\nCategories\\n\\nHome and Garden Cleaning OdorsMay 12, 2014\\n\\nPages\\n\\nCleaning Pet Urine Odor From Hardwood Floors\\n\\nCleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors...\\n\\nRemoving Smoke Odor After a House Fire\\n\\nCleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors from...\\n\\nLocating the Source of a Foul Smell in House\\n\\nCleaning Dog Urine Odors from Carpet\\n\\nMore\\n\\n🎉\\n\\nNew Years Ideas!\\n\\n😷\\n\\nCoronavirus Tips\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nPinterest\\n\\nYouTube\\n\\nInstagram\\n\\nContests!\\n\\nNewsletters\\n\\nAsk a Question\\n\\nShare a Post\\n\\nCategories\\n\\nBetter LivingBudget & FinanceBusiness and LegalComputersConsumer\\nAdviceCoronavirusCraftsEducationEntertainmentFood and RecipesHealth &\\nBeautyHolidays and PartiesHome and GardenMake Your\\nOwnOrganizingParentingPetsPhotosTravel and RecreationWeddings\\n\\nPublished by ThriftyFun. Desktop Page | View Mobile Disclaimer | Privacy\\nPolicy | Contact Us Generated 2020-12-26 00:42:58 in 4 secs. ⛅️️ © 1997-2020\\nby Cumuli, Inc. All Rights Reserved. https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-\\nUrine-Odors-on-Floors.html\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518072427/https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell From Carpet, Hardwood Floors, and Rugs\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Whether you’re practicing potty training for a new puppy or noticing accidents with an older dog, one thing is certain: that dog urine smell isn’t pleasant.\",\n \"Accidents happen—it’s natural. Practice patience and use positive reinforcement with puppies and dogs that are being housetrained. If your dog is already potty trained but has started to have accidents, take them to the vet to see if there is a medical cause.\",\n \"The pheromones in dog urine are part of a complex system dogs use to communicate. Pheromones teach dogs boundaries and respectable places to urinate; however, once a dog has had an accident in the house, smelling those pheromones may encourage your dog to urinate again in the same spot.\",\n \"You may smell a foul odor, aka dog urine smell, caused by bacteria in the urine that produce ammonia. If you’re not sure exactly where the urine odor is coming from, try using a UV or black light to find the areas of urination and ensure proper cleanup.\",\n \"Enzymatic cleaners denature (destroy) the proteins and enzymes that make up the pheromones in dog pee. This not only helps to get rid of the dog urine smell, but it also decreases the chances of your dog being a repeat offender in that same spot.\",\n \"Products containing accelerated hydrogen peroxide can help decrease the foul odors. Use a contact time of 15 minutes for all odor and stain remover products, and test each product on a small space before using.\",\n \"Next, soak another towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the wet spot for 15 minutes.\",\n \"Finally, apply an enzymatic cleaner, such as Nature’s Miracle, to the spot. Leave the enzymatic cleaner on the spot for another 15 minutes.\",\n \"If you can’t remove the smell using this method, try contacting a professional carpet cleaner or using a steam cleaning machine.\",\n \"If the soiled item can be put into the washing machine, use an enzymatic cleaner with laundry detergent to effectively get rid of urine stains and smells.\",\n \"For heavily soiled areas in the house, consider getting a high-quality mini wet vac. Look for the companies that include an enzymatic cleaner in their base. This will help tackle the dog urine smell and stains.\",\n \"If name-brand products aren’t working or the space is too large, consider calling your local carpet cleaning company for assistance.\",\n \"Troubles with potty training or chronic leaking may be a sign of a medical or behavioral concern. Frequent urination, urinary tract infections, submissive urination, and urinary incontinence are just a few of the issues that could be affecting your dog.\",\n \"When dealing with a chronic issue, consult with your veterinarian for a potential diagnosis and treatment plan. If your veterinarian rules out medical concerns, consider consulting with a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT) to address behavior modification.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell From Carpet, Hardwood Floors, and Rugs | PetMD\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n# How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell\\n\\nTiffany Tupler, DVM\\n\\nUpdated: December 09, 2020\\n\\nPublished: June 30, 2020\\n\\nShare this:\\n\\nWhether you’re practicing potty training for a new puppy or noticing accidents\\nwith an older dog, one thing is certain: that dog urine smell isn’t pleasant.\\n\\nAccidents happen—it’s natural. Practice patience and use positive\\nreinforcement with puppies and dogs that are being housetrained. If your dog\\nis already potty trained but has started to have accidents, take them to the\\nvet to see if there is a medical cause.\\n\\nIn the meantime, here’s how to get rid of dog pee smell around your home.\\n\\n## What Neutralizes Dog Urine Smell?\\n\\nThe pheromones in dog urine are part of a complex system dogs use to\\ncommunicate. Pheromones teach dogs boundaries and respectable places to\\nurinate; however, once a dog has had an accident in the house, smelling those\\npheromones may encourage your dog to urinate again in the same spot.\\n\\nYou may smell a foul odor, aka dog urine smell, caused by bacteria in the\\nurine that produce ammonia. If you’re not sure exactly where the urine odor is\\ncoming from, try using a UV or black light to find the areas of urination and\\nensure proper cleanup.\\n\\nSo what neutralizes dog urine smell and its pheromones?\\n\\nEnzymatic cleaners denature (destroy) the proteins and enzymes that make up\\nthe pheromones in dog pee. This not only helps to get rid of the dog urine\\nsmell, but it also decreases the chances of your dog being a repeat offender\\nin that same spot.\\n\\nProducts containing accelerated hydrogen peroxide can help decrease the foul\\nodors. Use a contact time of 15 minutes for all odor and stain remover\\nproducts, and test each product on a small space before using.\\n\\n## How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell and Stains in Carpets and Couches\\n\\nFor carpets, couches, or other areas that cannot be machine-washed, follow\\nthese steps:\\n\\n 1. First, manually soak up excess moisture with a towel.\\n\\n 2. Next, soak another towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the wet spot for 15 minutes.\\n\\n 3. After 15 minutes, blot and soak up the remaining moisture with a dry towel.\\n\\n 4. Finally, apply an enzymatic cleaner, such as Nature’s Miracle, to the spot. Leave the enzymatic cleaner on the spot for another 15 minutes.\\n\\nIf you can’t remove the smell using this method, try contacting a professional\\ncarpet cleaner or using a steam cleaning machine.\\n\\n## How to Remove Dried Dog Urine Stains From Hardwood Floors or Carpets\\n\\nFor old and/or dried urine stains on hardwood floors or carpets, follow these\\nsteps:\\n\\n 1. Soak a towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the stain for 15 minutes.\\n\\n 2. Repeat the first step using an enzymatic cleaner.\\n\\n## How to Get Rid of Dog Urine Smell in Rugs, Pillows, Dog Beds, and Sheets\\n\\nIf the soiled item can be put into the washing machine, use an enzymatic\\ncleaner with laundry detergent to effectively get rid of urine stains and\\nsmells.\\n\\nIf you still see stains along with a lingering dog urine smell, consult with a\\nprofessional dry cleaning company.\\n\\n## How to Deal With Stains and Smells in Larger or Heavily Soiled Areas\\n\\nFor heavily soiled areas in the house, consider getting a high-quality mini\\nwet vac. Look for the companies that include an enzymatic cleaner in their\\nbase. This will help tackle the dog urine smell and stains.\\n\\nIf name-brand products aren’t working or the space is too large, consider\\ncalling your local carpet cleaning company for assistance.\\n\\n### Dealing With Chronic Issues\\n\\nTroubles with potty training or chronic leaking may be a sign of a medical or\\nbehavioral concern. Frequent urination, urinary tract infections, submissive\\nurination, and urinary incontinence are just a few of the issues that could be\\naffecting your dog.\\n\\nWhen dealing with a chronic issue, consult with your veterinarian for a\\npotential diagnosis and treatment plan. If your veterinarian rules out medical\\nconcerns, consider consulting with a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT)\\nto address behavior modification.\\n\\nFeatured Image: iStock.com/harunhalici\\n\\n## Related Posts\\n\\n### Dog Surgery Aftercare FAQs\\n\\nDr. Christina Fernandez\\n\\n### Cat Surgery Aftercare FAQs\\n\\nDr. Tiffany Tupler\\n\\n### Why Is My Dog Sneezing?\\n\\nDr. Heather Hoffmann\\n\\n### Cat Nutrition: What Makes a Nutritional Cat Food?\\n\\nDr. Jennifer Coates\\n\\n## Follow Us\\n\\n * Facebook\\n\\n * Twitter\\n\\n## Sign up for our Newsletter\\n\\nCopyright @ 2020 PetMD.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411130412/https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"About Cleaning Products\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This website is designed to inform you about Cleaning Products. The history, product types, ingredients, processes and so much more!\",\n \"Enzymes Enzymes are long-chain proteins that serve as natural catalysts, meaning that they allow chemical reactions to occur rapidly and efficiently. The building blocks for each enzyme are the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. Enzymes are commonly used in paper processing, food manufacture, medical device cleaning, ethanol manufacture, as well as many common household cleaning processes such as laundry and dishwashing. In laundry and dishwashing, enzymes break down the basic components of stains and soils so they can be washed away more easily. Since one enzyme molecule can act on many substrate molecules (such as soils and stains), a small amount of enzyme added to a laundry detergent can provide a significant cleaning benefit to the consumer.\",\n \"Enzyme activities are highly-specific to the types of substrates they can work on. The catalytic function of each protein is determined by its 3-dimensional structure, as well as active sites that are dedicated to the particular substrate. Enzyme proteins are only active when the specified substrate is present. The various types of actions can be categorized into specific enzyme classes. The most common enzyme types used in the Household care industry are proteases, amylases, lipase, cellulases, mannanases, and pectinases. Each type may have many variations of the same protein structure that results in different preferences for conditions for peak performance. It has been found beneficial to combine different enzyme types to improve overall stain-fighting performance. Therefore, modern detergents typically contain several enzyme activity types to ensure optimal cleaning of complex soil substrates.\",\n \"Enzyme products are available in liquid formulations with included stabilization systems for liquid detergent applications and also as encapsulated granulates for powder detergents and soap bars.\",\n \"Proteases Proteases accelerate the breakdown of proteins into peptides and soluble amino acids. Proteases are basic ingredients in laundry detergents and are used worldwide because of their effectiveness on common stain components, such as food, grass, and blood. Some proteases have an affinity for specific protein soils and the target stain will determine which protease should be added to a detergent formulation.\",\n \"Amylases Amylases accelerate the breakdown of starch-based stains from foods such as such as cereals, gravies, potato and pasta dishes, etc. In laundry, amylases ensure complete removal of starch at low wash temperatures.\",\n \"Starch is a long chained carbohydrate consisting of glucose molecules bound together by alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds. During wash, certain amylases catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha-1,4- bonds in starch, leading to the decomposition of starch into soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. Unlike starch, dextrins and oligosaccharides are easily soluble in water and are therefore easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.\",\n \"Lipases Lipases accelerate the breakdown of tri-glycerides (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol and are applied in laundry detergents to improve the removal of body stains on collars and cuffs and non-mineral oil and fat, such as lipstick, butter, vegetable oil, and others, from fabric surfaces.\",\n \"Fatty material trapped inside cotton fibers can give rise to discolored spots on laundry and cannot be removed effectively at medium-to-low washing temperatures without using lipase. With lipases the trapped fatty material trapped in the cotton fibers is hydrolyzed to less hydrophobic substances which are easier to remove.\",\n \"Cellulases Cellulases are used in laundry detergents to obtain cleaning and color care and improve overall cleanness. Cellulases also help maintain the brightness of colors on cotton fibers by reducing build-up of fuzz and pills on knitted garments that occurs due to normal wear and washing.\",\n \"Repeated washing and wearing damages cotton fibers, resulting in areas with bristly cellulose microfibrils (“fuzz”). These microfibrils trap particulate dirt, for instance from outdoor soiling, during the wash. This prevents whites from staying white and makes colored and striped clothes look dull. Cellulases cleave off such damaged microfibrils and releases any captured dirt particles, preventing particulate soil from depositing and preventing fabric graying.\",\n \"Not only can bristly cellulose fibers attract particulate soils during the wash, they can also make it more difficult for the other ingredients in the detergent to remove stains. Cellulases aid primary stain removal by modifying the surface of cellulosic fibers and fabrics, making it easier for the stain to come loose.\",\n \"Mannanases Mannanases remove mannan stains. Mannanases break down mannans and effectively remove food stains containing guar gum or locust bean gum, thereby, increasing in-depth cleaning by removing the adhesive mannan. Incomplete removal of these types of stains may result in fabric graying.\",\n \"Mannans or galactomannans are polysaccharides consisting of a mannose backbone linked together by b-1,4-linkages with side-chains of galactose attached to the backbone by α-1,6 linkages.\",\n \"During wash, Mannaway cleaves the b-1,4-linkages of mannans through hydrolysis, thus breaking down the gum polymer into smaller, more water- soluble carbohydrate fragments that can be siphoned out of the washing machine during the spin cycle.\",\n \"Pectinases Pectinases degrade pectin, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of α-1-4 linked polygalacturonic acid residues with varying side chain branching. During wash, pectinases alter the pectin structure by breaking the pectin backbone, and making them easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.\",\n \"Pectinases can provide unique stain removal benefits on a wide range of pectin based stains from fresh fruits, such as tomatoes, oranges, bananas and berries. Extracted pectin is used in various processed foods, such as tomato sauces, jams, jellies, low-fat dairy products, and can cause the same type of staining potential in clothes.\",\n \"Pectins are a family of complex polysaccharides that contain 1,4-linked α-D- galactosyluronic acid residues and are contained in the primary cell walls of terrestrial plants. Pectinases, catalyze the eliminative cleavage of (1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-D- galact-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. This means that pectinases cleave the pectin into smaller molecular fragments to make it easier to remove during wash.\",\n \"Many of the pectin-based stains, such as those from jams, jellies, berries, and processed tomato, are in general difficult to remove and bleach only masks these stains, thus increasing the risk of soil redeposition. Pectinases fully remove the stains by degrading the pectin, ensuring that clothes are really clean.\",\n \"Production methods Enzymes were initially produced by extraction from glands of various animals; however, modern enzyme production is done through fermentation of various fungi and bacteria. The steps for production are fermentation, recovery, and standardization. Protein engineering and genetic modification of the production organism are employed in the industry to maximize the performance of the enzymes in conditions that may not be typically conducive, and improve production yields in the manufacturing process.\",\n \"Fermentation to produce industrial enzymes starts with a vial of dried or frozen microorganisms called a production strain. This production strain is selected to produce large amounts of the enzyme(s) of interest.\",\n \"Through multiples fermentation steps, where the microorganism is kept at optimal pH, temperature, and nutrient conditions, the desired amount of enzyme is produced. When the main fermentation is complete, the mixture of cells, nutrients, and enzymes, referred to as the broth, is ready for filtration and purification.\",\n \"Following fermentation is the recovery step. A recovery process typically consists of a pretreatment followed by a primary separation of the enzyme from the biomass. Afterwards, the enzyme is concentrated by removal of water, and unwanted impurities are removed in a purification step.\",\n \"Following recovery is a formulation or standardization step. Although much effort focuses on finding the right enzyme molecules for a given application, formulation plays a big role in the final use and success of the product. A new enzyme molecule with excellent performance can fail in the market if the enzyme is not stable during transportation and storage. The right formulation can remove these shortcomings, and the importance of having the right formulation should not therefore be underestimated.\",\n \"The enzyme industry can cover a wide range of enzyme formulations, ranging from liquid products and various forms of solid products to immobilized enzymes.\",\n \"Common formulations for the detergent industry are: Granulates – dust-free handling Granulates are considered the industry standard for the detergent industry and the formulations against which all other producers measure themselves. They are produced using a unique combination of high-shear granulation and various coating technologies. This results in an effective encapsulation of the enzyme, which isolates it from the environment until the moment the detergent product is dissolved into the washing solution. In addition to ensuring optimal stability of the enzyme while being stored within the detergent, the granulate form also prevents undesired exposures.\",\n \"Most detergent enzymes are available in a liquid formulation. A liquid product is typically formulated and thus stabilized with polyols, sugars, and/or salts.\",\n \"The key quality parameters for solid products are typically low dust, particle size, and stability of the enzyme activity. For liquid products, the enzymatic, physical, and microbial stabilities are the three main focus points in the product development.\",\n \"Sustainable Solution Enzymes are an excellent solution for improving the sustainability profile of detergents. Since one globular enzyme protein is able to work on many molecules of substrate, small amounts of enzymes can offset larger amounts of conventional chemical ingredients. Modern formulas now take advantage of this benefit, typically incorporating more types of enzymes which allow some reduction in the amounts of other ingredients. In addition to high cleaning performance, consumers also benefit with more- compact products, and therefore reduced environmental impact.\",\n \"This has benefited consumers by allowing the formulation of milder (and safer) detergent products. Related to this, many new “cold wash” products on the market rely on enzymes to provide good cleaning performance at lower washing temperatures, again providing environmental and economic benefits without sacrificing cleaning performance.\",\n \"There is no standard formula for what amount of enzyme is required to improve the cleaning potential of a detergent or to substitute any other more harmful ingredients. However, that can be determined with the assistance of an enzyme manufacturer.\",\n \"Increasing the sustainability profile of enzyme products, is the fact that they are naturally occurring and not derived from petroleum based ingredients.\",\n \"Health and Safety Through many years of testing it has been proven that enzymes have a very safe toxicological profile, lending to their sustainability profile. Enzymes are not mutagenic and not clastogenic. They are not reproductive or developmental toxins and have a low toxicity to aquatic systems.\",\n \"As mentioned previously, enzymes have the potential to cause inhalation allergy in the occupational setting. This would occur only when the enzyme product is not handled appropriately, and if appropriate personal protective equipment is not employed. Enzyme manufacturers are able to guide formulators on what type of equipment should be used and how best to avoid exposures that may have negative effects. In addition, cleaning product formulators are strongly recommended to incorporate enzyme safety programs as part of their overall industrial hygiene programs in order to avoid any risks in their manufacturing plants. Responsible enzyme manufacturers should provide their customers with assistance in developing their enzyme safety handeling programs as well as guidance in evaluating safety of end-use products.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Enzyme Science | About Cleaning Products\\n\\nThis website is designed to inform you about Cleaning Products. The history,\\nproduct types, ingredients, processes and so much more!\\n\\n * About Cleaning Products\\n\\n * Our Purpose\\n * Contact Us\\n * Types\\n\\n * Kitchens\\n * Bathrooms\\n * Laundry\\n * Living Areas\\n * Ingredients\\n\\n * Acids & Bases\\n * Bleaches\\n * Enzymes\\n * Surfactants\\n * Solvents\\n * Chelants\\n * Preservatives\\n * Biological Technology\\n * Process\\n\\n * Math Behind Cleaning\\n * Chemical Energy\\n * A Cleaning Solution\\n * Green Cleaning\\n\\n * What is Green Cleaning?\\n * Is Green More Clean?\\n * What To Look For\\n * Home-Made Alternative Mixtures\\n * Education\\n\\n * Cleaning Trivia\\n * Fact vs. Fiction\\n * Glossary\\n * Reading A Label\\n * Science\\n\\n * Review Papers\\n * Product Testing\\n * Enzyme Science\\n * Microorganisms\\n * Chelant Science\\n * Bleach Science\\n * Solvent Science\\n * Surfactant Science\\n * Links & Additional Information\\n\\n * News\\n * Additional Material\\n * Web Links\\n\\n * Review Papers\\n * Product Testing\\n * Enzyme Science\\n * Microorganisms\\n * Solvent Science\\n * Surfactant Science\\n * Chelant Science\\n * Bleach Science\\n\\n## Enzyme Science\\n\\nEnzymes Enzymes are long-chain proteins that serve as natural catalysts,\\nmeaning that they allow chemical reactions to occur rapidly and efficiently.\\nThe building blocks for each enzyme are the 20 naturally occurring amino\\nacids. Enzymes are commonly used in paper processing, food manufacture,\\nmedical device cleaning, ethanol manufacture, as well as many common household\\ncleaning processes such as laundry and dishwashing. In laundry and\\ndishwashing, enzymes break down the basic components of stains and soils so\\nthey can be washed away more easily. Since one enzyme molecule can act on many\\nsubstrate molecules (such as soils and stains), a small amount of enzyme added\\nto a laundry detergent can provide a significant cleaning benefit to the\\nconsumer.\\n\\nEnzyme activities are highly-specific to the types of substrates they can work\\non. The catalytic function of each protein is determined by its 3-dimensional\\nstructure, as well as active sites that are dedicated to the particular\\nsubstrate. Enzyme proteins are only active when the specified substrate is\\npresent. The various types of actions can be categorized into specific enzyme\\nclasses. The most common enzyme types used in the Household care industry are\\nproteases, amylases, lipase, cellulases, mannanases, and pectinases. Each type\\nmay have many variations of the same protein structure that results in\\ndifferent preferences for conditions for peak performance. It has been found\\nbeneficial to combine different enzyme types to improve overall stain-fighting\\nperformance. Therefore, modern detergents typically contain several enzyme\\nactivity types to ensure optimal cleaning of complex soil substrates.\\n\\nEnzyme products are available in liquid formulations with included\\nstabilization systems for liquid detergent applications and also as\\nencapsulated granulates for powder detergents and soap bars.\\n\\nProteases Proteases accelerate the breakdown of proteins into peptides and\\nsoluble amino acids. Proteases are basic ingredients in laundry detergents and\\nare used worldwide because of their effectiveness on common stain components,\\nsuch as food, grass, and blood. Some proteases have an affinity for specific\\nprotein soils and the target stain will determine which protease should be\\nadded to a detergent formulation.\\n\\nAmylases Amylases accelerate the breakdown of starch-based stains from foods\\nsuch as such as cereals, gravies, potato and pasta dishes, etc. In laundry,\\namylases ensure complete removal of starch at low wash temperatures.\\n\\nStarch is a long chained carbohydrate consisting of glucose molecules bound\\ntogether by alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds. During wash, certain amylases catalyze\\nthe hydrolysis of alpha-1,4- bonds in starch, leading to the decomposition of\\nstarch into soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. Unlike starch, dextrins and\\noligosaccharides are easily soluble in water and are therefore easier to\\nremove from the fabrics during wash.\\n\\nLipases Lipases accelerate the breakdown of tri-glycerides (lipids) into fatty\\nacids and glycerol and are applied in laundry detergents to improve the\\nremoval of body stains on collars and cuffs and non-mineral oil and fat, such\\nas lipstick, butter, vegetable oil, and others, from fabric surfaces.\\n\\nFatty material trapped inside cotton fibers can give rise to discolored spots\\non laundry and cannot be removed effectively at medium-to-low washing\\ntemperatures without using lipase. With lipases the trapped fatty material\\ntrapped in the cotton fibers is hydrolyzed to less hydrophobic substances\\nwhich are easier to remove.\\n\\nCellulases Cellulases are used in laundry detergents to obtain cleaning and\\ncolor care and improve overall cleanness. Cellulases also help maintain the\\nbrightness of colors on cotton fibers by reducing build-up of fuzz and pills\\non knitted garments that occurs due to normal wear and washing.\\n\\nRepeated washing and wearing damages cotton fibers, resulting in areas with\\nbristly cellulose microfibrils (“fuzz”). These microfibrils trap particulate\\ndirt, for instance from outdoor soiling, during the wash. This prevents whites\\nfrom staying white and makes colored and striped clothes look dull. Cellulases\\ncleave off such damaged microfibrils and releases any captured dirt particles,\\npreventing particulate soil from depositing and preventing fabric graying.\\n\\nNot only can bristly cellulose fibers attract particulate soils during the\\nwash, they can also make it more difficult for the other ingredients in the\\ndetergent to remove stains. Cellulases aid primary stain removal by modifying\\nthe surface of cellulosic fibers and fabrics, making it easier for the stain\\nto come loose.\\n\\nCutting off fibrils that bind particulate soils also helps rejuvenate clothes,\\nmaking them appear whiter and newer.\\n\\nMannanases Mannanases remove mannan stains. Mannanases break down mannans and\\neffectively remove food stains containing guar gum or locust bean gum,\\nthereby, increasing in-depth cleaning by removing the adhesive mannan.\\nIncomplete removal of these types of stains may result in fabric graying.\\n\\nMannans or galactomannans are polysaccharides consisting of a mannose backbone\\nlinked together by b-1,4-linkages with side-chains of galactose attached to\\nthe backbone by α-1,6 linkages.\\n\\nDuring wash, Mannaway cleaves the b-1,4-linkages of mannans through\\nhydrolysis, thus breaking down the gum polymer into smaller, more water-\\nsoluble carbohydrate fragments that can be siphoned out of the washing machine\\nduring the spin cycle.\\n\\nPectinases Pectinases degrade pectin, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of\\nα-1-4 linked polygalacturonic acid residues with varying side chain branching.\\nDuring wash, pectinases alter the pectin structure by breaking the pectin\\nbackbone, and making them easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.\\n\\nPectinases can provide unique stain removal benefits on a wide range of pectin\\nbased stains from fresh fruits, such as tomatoes, oranges, bananas and\\nberries. Extracted pectin is used in various processed foods, such as tomato\\nsauces, jams, jellies, low-fat dairy products, and can cause the same type of\\nstaining potential in clothes.\\n\\nPectins are a family of complex polysaccharides that contain 1,4-linked α-D-\\ngalactosyluronic acid residues and are contained in the primary cell walls of\\nterrestrial plants. Pectinases, catalyze the eliminative cleavage of\\n(1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-D-\\ngalact-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. This means that\\npectinases cleave the pectin into smaller molecular fragments to make it\\neasier to remove during wash.\\n\\nMany of the pectin-based stains, such as those from jams, jellies, berries,\\nand processed tomato, are in general difficult to remove and bleach only masks\\nthese stains, thus increasing the risk of soil redeposition. Pectinases fully\\nremove the stains by degrading the pectin, ensuring that clothes are really\\nclean.\\n\\nProduction methods Enzymes were initially produced by extraction from glands\\nof various animals; however, modern enzyme production is done through\\nfermentation of various fungi and bacteria. The steps for production are\\nfermentation, recovery, and standardization. Protein engineering and genetic\\nmodification of the production organism are employed in the industry to\\nmaximize the performance of the enzymes in conditions that may not be\\ntypically conducive, and improve production yields in the manufacturing\\nprocess.\\n\\nFermentation to produce industrial enzymes starts with a vial of dried or\\nfrozen microorganisms called a production strain. This production strain is\\nselected to produce large amounts of the enzyme(s) of interest.\\n\\nThrough multiples fermentation steps, where the microorganism is kept at\\noptimal pH, temperature, and nutrient conditions, the desired amount of enzyme\\nis produced. When the main fermentation is complete, the mixture of cells,\\nnutrients, and enzymes, referred to as the broth, is ready for filtration and\\npurification.\\n\\nFollowing fermentation is the recovery step. A recovery process typically\\nconsists of a pretreatment followed by a primary separation of the enzyme from\\nthe biomass. Afterwards, the enzyme is concentrated by removal of water, and\\nunwanted impurities are removed in a purification step.\\n\\nFollowing recovery is a formulation or standardization step. Although much\\neffort focuses on finding the right enzyme molecules for a given application,\\nformulation plays a big role in the final use and success of the product. A\\nnew enzyme molecule with excellent performance can fail in the market if the\\nenzyme is not stable during transportation and storage. The right formulation\\ncan remove these shortcomings, and the importance of having the right\\nformulation should not therefore be underestimated.\\n\\nThe enzyme industry can cover a wide range of enzyme formulations, ranging\\nfrom liquid products and various forms of solid products to immobilized\\nenzymes.\\n\\nCommon formulations for the detergent industry are: Granulates – dust-free\\nhandling Granulates are considered the industry standard for the detergent\\nindustry and the formulations against which all other producers measure\\nthemselves. They are produced using a unique combination of high-shear\\ngranulation and various coating technologies. This results in an effective\\nencapsulation of the enzyme, which isolates it from the environment until the\\nmoment the detergent product is dissolved into the washing solution. In\\naddition to ensuring optimal stability of the enzyme while being stored within\\nthe detergent, the granulate form also prevents undesired exposures.\\n\\nLiquid formulations – convenient to handle on both small and large scale\\n\\nMost detergent enzymes are available in a liquid formulation. A liquid product\\nis typically formulated and thus stabilized with polyols, sugars, and/or\\nsalts.\\n\\nThe key quality parameters for solid products are typically low dust, particle\\nsize, and stability of the enzyme activity. For liquid products, the\\nenzymatic, physical, and microbial stabilities are the three main focus points\\nin the product development.\\n\\nSustainable Solution Enzymes are an excellent solution for improving the\\nsustainability profile of detergents. Since one globular enzyme protein is\\nable to work on many molecules of substrate, small amounts of enzymes can\\noffset larger amounts of conventional chemical ingredients. Modern formulas\\nnow take advantage of this benefit, typically incorporating more types of\\nenzymes which allow some reduction in the amounts of other ingredients. In\\naddition to high cleaning performance, consumers also benefit with more-\\ncompact products, and therefore reduced environmental impact.\\n\\nEnzymes are stable at moderate pH and temperature.\\n\\nThis has benefited consumers by allowing the formulation of milder (and safer)\\ndetergent products. Related to this, many new “cold wash” products on the\\nmarket rely on enzymes to provide good cleaning performance at lower washing\\ntemperatures, again providing environmental and economic benefits without\\nsacrificing cleaning performance.\\n\\nThere is no standard formula for what amount of enzyme is required to improve\\nthe cleaning potential of a detergent or to substitute any other more harmful\\ningredients. However, that can be determined with the assistance of an enzyme\\nmanufacturer.\\n\\nIncreasing the sustainability profile of enzyme products, is the fact that\\nthey are naturally occurring and not derived from petroleum based ingredients.\\n\\nHealth and Safety Through many years of testing it has been proven that\\nenzymes have a very safe toxicological profile, lending to their\\nsustainability profile. Enzymes are not mutagenic and not clastogenic. They\\nare not reproductive or developmental toxins and have a low toxicity to\\naquatic systems.\\n\\nAs mentioned previously, enzymes have the potential to cause inhalation\\nallergy in the occupational setting. This would occur only when the enzyme\\nproduct is not handled appropriately, and if appropriate personal protective\\nequipment is not employed. Enzyme manufacturers are able to guide formulators\\non what type of equipment should be used and how best to avoid exposures that\\nmay have negative effects. In addition, cleaning product formulators are\\nstrongly recommended to incorporate enzyme safety programs as part of their\\noverall industrial hygiene programs in order to avoid any risks in their\\nmanufacturing plants. Responsible enzyme manufacturers should provide their\\ncustomers with assistance in developing their enzyme safety handeling programs\\nas well as guidance in evaluating safety of end-use products.\\n\\n### About\\n\\n * Our Purpose\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n### Types\\n\\n * Kitchens\\n * Bathrooms\\n * Laundry\\n * Living Areas\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * Acids & Bases\\n * Bleaches\\n * Enzymes\\n * Surfactants\\n * Solvents\\n * Chelants\\n * Preservatives\\n * Biological Technology\\n\\n### Process\\n\\n * Math Behind Cleaning\\n * Chemical Energy\\n * A Cleaning Solution\\n\\n### Green Cleaning\\n\\n * What is Green Cleaning?\\n * Is Green More Clean?\\n * What To Look For\\n * Home-Made Alternative Mixtures\\n\\n### Education\\n\\n * Cleaning Trivia\\n * Fact vs. Fiction\\n * Web Links\\n * Glossary\\n * Reading A Label\\n\\n### Science\\n\\n * Review Papers\\n * Product Testing\\n * Microorganisms\\n * Enzyme Science\\n * Chelant Science\\n * Bleach Science\\n * Solvent Science\\n * Surfactant Science\\n\\n### Media\\n\\n * News\\n * Additional Material\\n * Web Links\\n\\n* © 2012 AboutCleaningProducts.com All Rights Reserved\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":385,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":162291,"string":"162,291"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make a Loose Tooth Fall Out Without Pulling It"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"If you have a loose tooth, there are a few ways to make it fall out without pulling it. Try wiggling your tooth with your tongue to see if you can loosen it. Alternatively, brush your teeth to loosen your tooth. You might also try eating crunchy foods, like apples or pears, to help your tooth fall out. Just be careful you don’t bite down onto your loose tooth! If your tooth doesn’t come out on its own right away, don’t worry, it will eventually. However, if your tooth is causing you pain, see your dentist for treatment."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20211031121713/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/expert-answers/baby-teeth/faq-20058532","http://web.archive.org/web/20160419193710/http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193","http://web.archive.org/web/20210927211146/https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210306163804/https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/5/40/baby-teeth","http://web.archive.org/web/20211101013001/https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies","http://web.archive.org/web/20171003092744/http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211031121713/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/expert-answers/baby-teeth/faq-20058532\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160419193710/http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927211146/https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210306163804/https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/5/40/baby-teeth\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101013001/https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003092744/http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2174,"string":"2,174"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/expert-answers/baby-teeth/faq-20058532","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211031121713/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/expert-answers/baby-teeth/faq-20058532","parsed_text":{"title":"Baby teeth: When do children start losing them?","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Baby teeth: When do children start losing them? - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160419193710/http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193","parsed_text":{"title":"Brushing your teeth: How often and when?","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Brushing your teeth: How often and when? - Mayo Clinic\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927211146/https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html","parsed_text":{"title":"What causes a toothache?","passages":["Toothache pain is the worst. You can’t see it, it doesn’t go away on its own and you can’t massage it like a muscle knot. It’s also a loud indicator of a serious problem that requires immediate attention from a dentist.","Most toothaches are the result of tooth decay, which means you probably have the result of that tooth decay or advanced gum disease. The pain you feel – usually when you eat or drink something sweet, very hot or very cold – is an alarm bell telling you that the pulp is irritated. The pulp is the inside of your tooth, where the tissue and nerves are located, so if something is wrong with the pulp, you’ll feel it in the entire tooth.","A thorough oral exam is the best way to find out why you’re experiencing a toothache, but generally the reasons fall under one of these causes:","It’s important to pay attention to little things that might seem “off” with your teeth and the inside of your mouth.","For example, you might have an abscess, which means that pus has collected around the tooth root. Pus can be a sign of a bacterial infection, especially if it’s accompanied by tissue inflammation, bleeding gums and bone loss around the tooth. In either case, you should see your dentist as soon as possible.","While an abscess means you should visit your dentist, any of the following means you might need to visit the emergency room:","One overlooked issue related to toothaches is the presence of sepsis, which is when your body goes overboard in fighting an infection. If sepsis develops and is left untreated, it can kill you. Nearly 2,000 people a year are hospitalized with it, and it nearly always develops from a treatable bacterial infection. If you have a toothache, you need to get it examined. It’s too risky to bet that it won’t develop into a life-threatening condition like sepsis.","The body manifests pain in many ways, and in some cases, what seems to be a simple toothache isn’t one at all. Rather, the pain is a symptom of another problem. Extreme stress, prior traumas, heart conditions and even some forms of cancer can present pain in the mouth that appears to have no cause.","Do you have a cold or severe allergies? These can cause sinus pressure, which can also put pressure on the roots of your upper molars, leading to tooth pain. Talk with your doctor to see if an antihistamine might help relieve the pressure. If the pain doesn’t go away, see your dentist.","Also, if you suffer from chronic pain, migraines, limb movement disorders or similar problems, you should tell your dentist so he or she can better locate the source of your pain.","The words you use to describe your pain are important, too. The following words often describe types of pain that don’t originate in the mouth, so your dentist will probably ask for more details to help eliminate all known causes:","The most important thing to remember is that pain in your mouth is not normal. If your tooth hurts and something feels wrong, go to your dentist. Hopefully, it’s something minor that can easily be treated, but it’s not worth taking a risk that could endanger your health."]},"parsed_md":"What causes a toothache? - Delta Dental\n\nSkip to page content\n\n * Shop for Insurance\n * Enrollees\n * Dentists\n * Employers\n * Administrators\n * Brokers\n\n * About Us\n * Legal Notices\n * Contact Us\n * Delta Dental en Español\n\n## Your Location\n\n * Oral Health Home\n\n * Articles\n\n# What causes a toothache?\n\nToothache pain is the worst. You can’t see it, it doesn’t go away on its own\nand you can’t massage it like a muscle knot. It’s also a loud indicator of a\nserious problem that requires immediate attention from a dentist.\n\nMost toothaches are the result of tooth decay, which means you probably have\nthe result of that tooth decay or advanced gum disease. The pain you feel –\nusually when you eat or drink something sweet, very hot or very cold – is an\nalarm bell telling you that the pulp is irritated. The pulp is the inside of\nyour tooth, where the tissue and nerves are located, so if something is wrong\nwith the pulp, you’ll feel it in the entire tooth.\n\n## What causes a toothache?\n\nA thorough oral exam is the best way to find out why you’re experiencing a\ntoothache, but generally the reasons fall under one of these causes:\n\n * Infection\n * Gum disease\n * Grinding teeth (bruxism)\n * Tooth trauma\n * An abnormal bite\n * Tooth eruption (in babies and school-age children)\n\n## What are the symptoms that come with a toothache?\n\nIt’s important to pay attention to little things that might seem “off” with\nyour teeth and the inside of your mouth.\n\nFor example, you might have an abscess, which means that pus has collected\naround the tooth root. Pus can be a sign of a bacterial infection, especially\nif it’s accompanied by tissue inflammation, bleeding gums and bone loss around\nthe tooth. In either case, you should see your dentist as soon as possible.\n\nWhile an abscess means you should visit your dentist, any of the following\nmeans you might need to visit the emergency room:\n\n * Fever\n * Pain when you bite\n * A foul-tasting discharge\n * Difficulty breathing or swallowing\n * Swelling around the tooth area\n * Continuous pain that doesn’t end (not just when you eat or drink something)\n\nOne overlooked issue related to toothaches is the presence of sepsis, which is\nwhen your body goes overboard in fighting an infection. If sepsis develops and\nis left untreated, it can kill you. Nearly 2,000 people a year are\nhospitalized with it, and it nearly always develops from a treatable bacterial\ninfection. If you have a toothache, you need to get it examined. It’s too\nrisky to bet that it won’t develop into a life-threatening condition like\nsepsis.\n\n## My dentist says there’s nothing wrong with my jaw or teeth. What’s my\nproblem?\n\nThe body manifests pain in many ways, and in some cases, what seems to be a\nsimple toothache isn’t one at all. Rather, the pain is a symptom of another\nproblem. Extreme stress, prior traumas, heart conditions and even some forms\nof cancer can present pain in the mouth that appears to have no cause.\n\nDo you have a cold or severe allergies? These can cause sinus pressure, which\ncan also put pressure on the roots of your upper molars, leading to tooth\npain. Talk with your doctor to see if an antihistamine might help relieve the\npressure. If the pain doesn’t go away, see your dentist.\n\nAlso, if you suffer from chronic pain, migraines, limb movement disorders or\nsimilar problems, you should tell your dentist so he or she can better locate\nthe source of your pain.\n\nThe words you use to describe your pain are important, too. The following\nwords often describe types of pain that don’t originate in the mouth, so your\ndentist will probably ask for more details to help eliminate all known causes:\n\n * Burning\n * Tingling\n * Electric\n * Searing\n * Stabbing\n * Numb\n\nYour dentist will probably ask how long you’ve been feeling the pain, so try\nto keep notes for reference.\n\nThe most important thing to remember is that pain in your mouth is not normal.\nIf your tooth hurts and something feels wrong, go to your dentist. Hopefully,\nit’s something minor that can easily be treated, but it’s not worth taking a\nrisk that could endanger your health.\n\n## Related reading:\n\n * How toothaches can kill\n * Answers about root canal treatment\n * What medication can mean for your mouth\n * 5 medical conditions that can harm your mouth\n\nLast updated: June 2018\n\n## Oral Health Topics\n\n * Emergency Care\n * Kids and Teens\n * Healthy Aging\n * Nutrition\n * Mouth-Body Connection\n * Preventive Care\n * Conditions\n * Dental Treatments\n\n## Resources\n\n * Glossary of Dental Terms\n * Glossary of Insurance Terms\n\nOral Health Booklet\n\n A collection of our top oral health tips in a printer-friendly file.\n\n## Stay Informed\n\nSubscribe to our Wellness E-Magazine\n\nCheck out the latest issue\n\nRead back issues\n\n## Shortcuts\n\n### Delta Dental Insurance for\n\n * Individuals\n * Dentists\n * Employers\n * Administrators\n * Brokers\n\n### Corporate Information\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Privacy and Security\n * Legal Notices\n * Contact Us\n\n© Delta Dental. This website is the home of Delta Dental of California; Delta\nDental Insurance Company; Delta Dental of Pennsylvania; Delta Dental of New\nYork, Inc.; Delta Dental of the District of Columbia; Delta Dental of\nDelaware, Inc.; Delta Dental of West Virginia, Inc. and their affiliated\ncompanies. For other Delta Dental Plans Association member companies, visit\nthe Delta Dental Plans Association website.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/5/40/baby-teeth","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210306163804/https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/5/40/baby-teeth","parsed_text":{"title":"Baby Teeth > Dental Care > Staying Healthy > HoG Handbook > Hemophilia of Georgia","passages":["Baby teeth, the ones you first get as a child, are very important. They make the way for your permanent (adult) teeth. Taking care of baby teeth will help prevent bleeding, especially when a child is getting a new tooth or has just lost one.","Baby teeth usually start to fall out around age six. Most people have 20 baby teeth and 32 permanent teeth.","Baby teeth are needed for chewing and learning to talk. Since they hold the space for your permanent teeth, they should be allowed to fall out on their own. They should be cared for just as carefully as permanent teeth.","Parents should try to keep a child from playing with a loose tooth. Wiggling a tooth that is not ready to come out may hurt the gums and cause bleeding.","Don't put a baby to bed with a bottle, especially one that has milk or juice. Not only could the baby choke, but the sugar in the milk or juice will rot the baby's teeth.","If the bleeding goes on for longer than two hours, call the HTC for advice. A child with hemophilia should be given factor.","Hemophilia of Georgia exists so that people affected by bleeding disorders live as normally and productively as possible. See our Terms of Use","Hemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not endorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol. HoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any course of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments or therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no claim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.","Hemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not endorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol. HoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any course of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments or therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no claim as to its accuracy or effectiveness."]},"parsed_md":"Baby Teeth > Dental Care > Staying Healthy > HoG Handbook > Hemophilia of\nGeorgia\n\nSkip to content\n\nDONATE\n\n * search\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Vimeo\n * Linkedin\n * DONATE\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\n(770) 518-8272phone (770) 518-3310fax\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\nmenu\n\n * Intro\n * The Basics\n * Genetics\n * Treatment\n * Complications\n * Staying Healthy\n * Staying Healthy\n * Feelings & Reactions\n * Feelings & Reactions\n * Money Matters\n * Money Matters\n\n * Home\n * Staying Healthy\n * Dental Care\n\n# Staying Healthy\n\n * Taking Charge of Your Health\n * What I Need to Know\n * Things to do to Prevent Problems\n * Medical Identification\n * Physical Therapy and Exercise\n * How to Exercise\n * Dental Care\n * Brushing and Flossing\n * Baby Teeth\n * Medical Treatments Under The Skin\n * Shots into Muscles\n * Surgery\n * Taking Medicine\n * Types of Medicine\n * Nutrition\n * My Plate\n * Staying at a Healthy Weight\n * Managing Stress\n * Avoiding Stress Overload\n * Ways to Relax\n * Children and Stress\n * Travel\n * Sports and Recreation\n * Bleeding Disorder Camps\n * Safety Issues\n * Babysitters\n\n## Baby Teeth\n\nChange language to Español\n\nshare\n\nBaby teeth, the ones you first get as a child, are very important. They make\nthe way for your permanent (adult) teeth. Taking care of baby teeth will help\nprevent bleeding, especially when a child is getting a new tooth or has just\nlost one.\n\nWhat you should know:\n\n * Baby teeth usually start to fall out around age six. Most people have 20 baby teeth and 32 permanent teeth.\n * Baby teeth are needed for chewing and learning to talk. Since they hold the space for your permanent teeth, they should be allowed to fall out on their own. They should be cared for just as carefully as permanent teeth.\n * Parents should try to keep a child from playing with a loose tooth. Wiggling a tooth that is not ready to come out may hurt the gums and cause bleeding.\n * Don't put a baby to bed with a bottle, especially one that has milk or juice. Not only could the baby choke, but the sugar in the milk or juice will rot the baby's teeth.\n * Most dentists say that a child should have his or her first check-up at age two.\n\n### How to have less bleeding when a child loses a tooth:\n\nHave the child bite down on a rolled-up piece of cotton gauze.\n\n * Don't let the child rinse his mouth.\n * Give the child only soft foods to eat for a couple of days.\n * If the bleeding goes on for longer than two hours, call the HTC for advice. A child with hemophilia should be given factor.\n\n### How to have less bleeding when a new tooth is coming in (cutting a new\ntooth):\n\n * Tell the child to chew on the other side of his mouth.\n * Give the child only soft foods to eat for several days.\n * Don't brush over the new tooth when there is bleeding.\n\nPRINTER FRIENDLY VERSION\n\n### Staying Healthy\n\n * Taking Charge of Your Health\n * What I Need to Know\n * Things to do to Prevent Problems\n * Medical Identification\n * Physical Therapy and Exercise\n * How to Exercise\n * Dental Care\n * Brushing and Flossing\n * Baby Teeth\n * Medical Treatments Under The Skin\n * Shots into Muscles\n * Surgery\n * Taking Medicine\n * Types of Medicine\n * Nutrition\n * My Plate\n * Staying at a Healthy Weight\n * Managing Stress\n * Avoiding Stress Overload\n * Ways to Relax\n * Children and Stress\n * Travel\n * Sports and Recreation\n * Bleeding Disorder Camps\n * Safety Issues\n * Babysitters\n\n### HoG Handbook\n\n * Intro\n * The Basics\n * Genetics\n * Treatment\n * Complications\n * Staying Healthy\n * Feelings and Reactions\n * Money Matters\n\nreturn to hog.org\n\nIt takes more than medicine...\n\n * Contact\n * My HoG\n * FAQ\n * Blog\n\n * Contact\n * My HoG\n * FAQ\n * Blog\n\nHemophilia of Georgia exists so that people affected by bleeding disorders\nlive as normally and productively as possible. See our Terms of Use\n\nHemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not\nendorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol.\nHoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any\ncourse of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments\nor therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no\nclaim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Vimeo\n * Linkedin\n\n(770) 518-8272 phone\n\n(770) 518-3310 fax\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\nHemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not\nendorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol.\nHoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any\ncourse of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments\nor therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no\nclaim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101013001/https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies","parsed_text":{"title":"American Dental Association","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Dental Emergency - American Dental Association\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003092744/http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133","parsed_text":{"title":"Calling All Tooth Fairies: What to Do When Your Child’s Tooth Is Loose","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"Delta Dental | Calling All Tooth Fairies: What to Do When Your Child’s Tooth\nIs Loose\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/expert-answers/baby-teeth/faq-20058532\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211031121713/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/expert-answers/baby-teeth/faq-20058532\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Baby teeth: When do children start losing them?\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Baby teeth: When do children start losing them? - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160419193710/http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Brushing your teeth: How often and when?\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Brushing your teeth: How often and when? - Mayo Clinic\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927211146/https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What causes a toothache?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Toothache pain is the worst. You can’t see it, it doesn’t go away on its own and you can’t massage it like a muscle knot. It’s also a loud indicator of a serious problem that requires immediate attention from a dentist.\",\n \"Most toothaches are the result of tooth decay, which means you probably have the result of that tooth decay or advanced gum disease. The pain you feel – usually when you eat or drink something sweet, very hot or very cold – is an alarm bell telling you that the pulp is irritated. The pulp is the inside of your tooth, where the tissue and nerves are located, so if something is wrong with the pulp, you’ll feel it in the entire tooth.\",\n \"A thorough oral exam is the best way to find out why you’re experiencing a toothache, but generally the reasons fall under one of these causes:\",\n \"It’s important to pay attention to little things that might seem “off” with your teeth and the inside of your mouth.\",\n \"For example, you might have an abscess, which means that pus has collected around the tooth root. Pus can be a sign of a bacterial infection, especially if it’s accompanied by tissue inflammation, bleeding gums and bone loss around the tooth. In either case, you should see your dentist as soon as possible.\",\n \"While an abscess means you should visit your dentist, any of the following means you might need to visit the emergency room:\",\n \"One overlooked issue related to toothaches is the presence of sepsis, which is when your body goes overboard in fighting an infection. If sepsis develops and is left untreated, it can kill you. Nearly 2,000 people a year are hospitalized with it, and it nearly always develops from a treatable bacterial infection. If you have a toothache, you need to get it examined. It’s too risky to bet that it won’t develop into a life-threatening condition like sepsis.\",\n \"The body manifests pain in many ways, and in some cases, what seems to be a simple toothache isn’t one at all. Rather, the pain is a symptom of another problem. Extreme stress, prior traumas, heart conditions and even some forms of cancer can present pain in the mouth that appears to have no cause.\",\n \"Do you have a cold or severe allergies? These can cause sinus pressure, which can also put pressure on the roots of your upper molars, leading to tooth pain. Talk with your doctor to see if an antihistamine might help relieve the pressure. If the pain doesn’t go away, see your dentist.\",\n \"Also, if you suffer from chronic pain, migraines, limb movement disorders or similar problems, you should tell your dentist so he or she can better locate the source of your pain.\",\n \"The words you use to describe your pain are important, too. The following words often describe types of pain that don’t originate in the mouth, so your dentist will probably ask for more details to help eliminate all known causes:\",\n \"The most important thing to remember is that pain in your mouth is not normal. If your tooth hurts and something feels wrong, go to your dentist. Hopefully, it’s something minor that can easily be treated, but it’s not worth taking a risk that could endanger your health.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What causes a toothache? - Delta Dental\\n\\nSkip to page content\\n\\n * Shop for Insurance\\n * Enrollees\\n * Dentists\\n * Employers\\n * Administrators\\n * Brokers\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Legal Notices\\n * Contact Us\\n * Delta Dental en Español\\n\\n## Your Location\\n\\n * Oral Health Home\\n\\n * Articles\\n\\n# What causes a toothache?\\n\\nToothache pain is the worst. You can’t see it, it doesn’t go away on its own\\nand you can’t massage it like a muscle knot. It’s also a loud indicator of a\\nserious problem that requires immediate attention from a dentist.\\n\\nMost toothaches are the result of tooth decay, which means you probably have\\nthe result of that tooth decay or advanced gum disease. The pain you feel –\\nusually when you eat or drink something sweet, very hot or very cold – is an\\nalarm bell telling you that the pulp is irritated. The pulp is the inside of\\nyour tooth, where the tissue and nerves are located, so if something is wrong\\nwith the pulp, you’ll feel it in the entire tooth.\\n\\n## What causes a toothache?\\n\\nA thorough oral exam is the best way to find out why you’re experiencing a\\ntoothache, but generally the reasons fall under one of these causes:\\n\\n * Infection\\n * Gum disease\\n * Grinding teeth (bruxism)\\n * Tooth trauma\\n * An abnormal bite\\n * Tooth eruption (in babies and school-age children)\\n\\n## What are the symptoms that come with a toothache?\\n\\nIt’s important to pay attention to little things that might seem “off” with\\nyour teeth and the inside of your mouth.\\n\\nFor example, you might have an abscess, which means that pus has collected\\naround the tooth root. Pus can be a sign of a bacterial infection, especially\\nif it’s accompanied by tissue inflammation, bleeding gums and bone loss around\\nthe tooth. In either case, you should see your dentist as soon as possible.\\n\\nWhile an abscess means you should visit your dentist, any of the following\\nmeans you might need to visit the emergency room:\\n\\n * Fever\\n * Pain when you bite\\n * A foul-tasting discharge\\n * Difficulty breathing or swallowing\\n * Swelling around the tooth area\\n * Continuous pain that doesn’t end (not just when you eat or drink something)\\n\\nOne overlooked issue related to toothaches is the presence of sepsis, which is\\nwhen your body goes overboard in fighting an infection. If sepsis develops and\\nis left untreated, it can kill you. Nearly 2,000 people a year are\\nhospitalized with it, and it nearly always develops from a treatable bacterial\\ninfection. If you have a toothache, you need to get it examined. It’s too\\nrisky to bet that it won’t develop into a life-threatening condition like\\nsepsis.\\n\\n## My dentist says there’s nothing wrong with my jaw or teeth. What’s my\\nproblem?\\n\\nThe body manifests pain in many ways, and in some cases, what seems to be a\\nsimple toothache isn’t one at all. Rather, the pain is a symptom of another\\nproblem. Extreme stress, prior traumas, heart conditions and even some forms\\nof cancer can present pain in the mouth that appears to have no cause.\\n\\nDo you have a cold or severe allergies? These can cause sinus pressure, which\\ncan also put pressure on the roots of your upper molars, leading to tooth\\npain. Talk with your doctor to see if an antihistamine might help relieve the\\npressure. If the pain doesn’t go away, see your dentist.\\n\\nAlso, if you suffer from chronic pain, migraines, limb movement disorders or\\nsimilar problems, you should tell your dentist so he or she can better locate\\nthe source of your pain.\\n\\nThe words you use to describe your pain are important, too. The following\\nwords often describe types of pain that don’t originate in the mouth, so your\\ndentist will probably ask for more details to help eliminate all known causes:\\n\\n * Burning\\n * Tingling\\n * Electric\\n * Searing\\n * Stabbing\\n * Numb\\n\\nYour dentist will probably ask how long you’ve been feeling the pain, so try\\nto keep notes for reference.\\n\\nThe most important thing to remember is that pain in your mouth is not normal.\\nIf your tooth hurts and something feels wrong, go to your dentist. Hopefully,\\nit’s something minor that can easily be treated, but it’s not worth taking a\\nrisk that could endanger your health.\\n\\n## Related reading:\\n\\n * How toothaches can kill\\n * Answers about root canal treatment\\n * What medication can mean for your mouth\\n * 5 medical conditions that can harm your mouth\\n\\nLast updated: June 2018\\n\\n## Oral Health Topics\\n\\n * Emergency Care\\n * Kids and Teens\\n * Healthy Aging\\n * Nutrition\\n * Mouth-Body Connection\\n * Preventive Care\\n * Conditions\\n * Dental Treatments\\n\\n## Resources\\n\\n * Glossary of Dental Terms\\n * Glossary of Insurance Terms\\n\\nOral Health Booklet\\n\\n A collection of our top oral health tips in a printer-friendly file.\\n\\n## Stay Informed\\n\\nSubscribe to our Wellness E-Magazine\\n\\nCheck out the latest issue\\n\\nRead back issues\\n\\n## Shortcuts\\n\\n### Delta Dental Insurance for\\n\\n * Individuals\\n * Dentists\\n * Employers\\n * Administrators\\n * Brokers\\n\\n### Corporate Information\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Careers\\n * Privacy and Security\\n * Legal Notices\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n© Delta Dental. This website is the home of Delta Dental of California; Delta\\nDental Insurance Company; Delta Dental of Pennsylvania; Delta Dental of New\\nYork, Inc.; Delta Dental of the District of Columbia; Delta Dental of\\nDelaware, Inc.; Delta Dental of West Virginia, Inc. and their affiliated\\ncompanies. For other Delta Dental Plans Association member companies, visit\\nthe Delta Dental Plans Association website.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/5/40/baby-teeth\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210306163804/https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/5/40/baby-teeth\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Baby Teeth > Dental Care > Staying Healthy > HoG Handbook > Hemophilia of Georgia\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Baby teeth, the ones you first get as a child, are very important. They make the way for your permanent (adult) teeth. Taking care of baby teeth will help prevent bleeding, especially when a child is getting a new tooth or has just lost one.\",\n \"Baby teeth usually start to fall out around age six. Most people have 20 baby teeth and 32 permanent teeth.\",\n \"Baby teeth are needed for chewing and learning to talk. Since they hold the space for your permanent teeth, they should be allowed to fall out on their own. They should be cared for just as carefully as permanent teeth.\",\n \"Parents should try to keep a child from playing with a loose tooth. Wiggling a tooth that is not ready to come out may hurt the gums and cause bleeding.\",\n \"Don't put a baby to bed with a bottle, especially one that has milk or juice. Not only could the baby choke, but the sugar in the milk or juice will rot the baby's teeth.\",\n \"If the bleeding goes on for longer than two hours, call the HTC for advice. A child with hemophilia should be given factor.\",\n \"Hemophilia of Georgia exists so that people affected by bleeding disorders live as normally and productively as possible. See our Terms of Use\",\n \"Hemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not endorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol. HoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any course of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments or therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no claim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\",\n \"Hemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not endorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol. HoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any course of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments or therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no claim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Baby Teeth > Dental Care > Staying Healthy > HoG Handbook > Hemophilia of\\nGeorgia\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\nDONATE\\n\\n * search\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Instagram\\n * Twitter\\n * Vimeo\\n * Linkedin\\n * DONATE\\n\\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\\n\\n(770) 518-8272phone (770) 518-3310fax\\n\\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\\n\\nmenu\\n\\n * Intro\\n * The Basics\\n * Genetics\\n * Treatment\\n * Complications\\n * Staying Healthy\\n * Staying Healthy\\n * Feelings & Reactions\\n * Feelings & Reactions\\n * Money Matters\\n * Money Matters\\n\\n * Home\\n * Staying Healthy\\n * Dental Care\\n\\n# Staying Healthy\\n\\n * Taking Charge of Your Health\\n * What I Need to Know\\n * Things to do to Prevent Problems\\n * Medical Identification\\n * Physical Therapy and Exercise\\n * How to Exercise\\n * Dental Care\\n * Brushing and Flossing\\n * Baby Teeth\\n * Medical Treatments Under The Skin\\n * Shots into Muscles\\n * Surgery\\n * Taking Medicine\\n * Types of Medicine\\n * Nutrition\\n * My Plate\\n * Staying at a Healthy Weight\\n * Managing Stress\\n * Avoiding Stress Overload\\n * Ways to Relax\\n * Children and Stress\\n * Travel\\n * Sports and Recreation\\n * Bleeding Disorder Camps\\n * Safety Issues\\n * Babysitters\\n\\n## Baby Teeth\\n\\nChange language to Español\\n\\nshare\\n\\nBaby teeth, the ones you first get as a child, are very important. They make\\nthe way for your permanent (adult) teeth. Taking care of baby teeth will help\\nprevent bleeding, especially when a child is getting a new tooth or has just\\nlost one.\\n\\nWhat you should know:\\n\\n * Baby teeth usually start to fall out around age six. Most people have 20 baby teeth and 32 permanent teeth.\\n * Baby teeth are needed for chewing and learning to talk. Since they hold the space for your permanent teeth, they should be allowed to fall out on their own. They should be cared for just as carefully as permanent teeth.\\n * Parents should try to keep a child from playing with a loose tooth. Wiggling a tooth that is not ready to come out may hurt the gums and cause bleeding.\\n * Don't put a baby to bed with a bottle, especially one that has milk or juice. Not only could the baby choke, but the sugar in the milk or juice will rot the baby's teeth.\\n * Most dentists say that a child should have his or her first check-up at age two.\\n\\n### How to have less bleeding when a child loses a tooth:\\n\\nHave the child bite down on a rolled-up piece of cotton gauze.\\n\\n * Don't let the child rinse his mouth.\\n * Give the child only soft foods to eat for a couple of days.\\n * If the bleeding goes on for longer than two hours, call the HTC for advice. A child with hemophilia should be given factor.\\n\\n### How to have less bleeding when a new tooth is coming in (cutting a new\\ntooth):\\n\\n * Tell the child to chew on the other side of his mouth.\\n * Give the child only soft foods to eat for several days.\\n * Don't brush over the new tooth when there is bleeding.\\n\\nPRINTER FRIENDLY VERSION\\n\\n### Staying Healthy\\n\\n * Taking Charge of Your Health\\n * What I Need to Know\\n * Things to do to Prevent Problems\\n * Medical Identification\\n * Physical Therapy and Exercise\\n * How to Exercise\\n * Dental Care\\n * Brushing and Flossing\\n * Baby Teeth\\n * Medical Treatments Under The Skin\\n * Shots into Muscles\\n * Surgery\\n * Taking Medicine\\n * Types of Medicine\\n * Nutrition\\n * My Plate\\n * Staying at a Healthy Weight\\n * Managing Stress\\n * Avoiding Stress Overload\\n * Ways to Relax\\n * Children and Stress\\n * Travel\\n * Sports and Recreation\\n * Bleeding Disorder Camps\\n * Safety Issues\\n * Babysitters\\n\\n### HoG Handbook\\n\\n * Intro\\n * The Basics\\n * Genetics\\n * Treatment\\n * Complications\\n * Staying Healthy\\n * Feelings and Reactions\\n * Money Matters\\n\\nreturn to hog.org\\n\\nIt takes more than medicine...\\n\\n * Contact\\n * My HoG\\n * FAQ\\n * Blog\\n\\n * Contact\\n * My HoG\\n * FAQ\\n * Blog\\n\\nHemophilia of Georgia exists so that people affected by bleeding disorders\\nlive as normally and productively as possible. See our Terms of Use\\n\\nHemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not\\nendorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol.\\nHoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any\\ncourse of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments\\nor therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no\\nclaim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Instagram\\n * Twitter\\n * Vimeo\\n * Linkedin\\n\\n(770) 518-8272 phone\\n\\n(770) 518-3310 fax\\n\\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\\n\\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\\n\\nHemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not\\nendorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol.\\nHoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any\\ncourse of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments\\nor therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no\\nclaim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101013001/https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"American Dental Association\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Dental Emergency - American Dental Association\\n\\nSkip to Main Content\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003092744/http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Calling All Tooth Fairies: What to Do When Your Child’s Tooth Is Loose\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Delta Dental | Calling All Tooth Fairies: What to Do When Your Child’s Tooth\\nIs Loose\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":386,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":10164115,"string":"10,164,115"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Get the Wet Hair Look"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"If you want to get the wet hair look, wet your hair, then blow dry it or let it air dry until it’s just damp. Spritz your hair all over with sea salt spray to create waves, and add a frizz control product if your hair tends to have flyaways. If your hair is very straight, apply a generous amount of styling wax through your roots, and finish off the ends with gel. If you have dry, curly hair, use hair styling wax without using any gel for waves, or gel only if you’d prefer wet curls. You can also comb pomade through your hair to create a wet look."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20170727212745/http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/","http://web.archive.org/web/20181030100740/http://stylecaster.com:80/beauty/how-to-do-wet-hair-look/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190611110017/https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190616120832/https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product","http://web.archive.org/web/20180201150743/http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams","http://web.archive.org/web/20200804031152/https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170727212745/http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20181030100740/http://stylecaster.com:80/beauty/how-to-do-wet-hair-look/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190611110017/https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190616120832/https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180201150743/http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804031152/https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1794,"string":"1,794"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170727212745/http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/","parsed_text":{"title":"How To Do Kim Kardashian Wet Hair Look","passages":["There’s something so chic and effortlessly cool about this season’s wet hair trend–especially when you pair it with the fanciest dress or outfit in your closet, a la Kim Kardashian. But, no matter how captivating the I-woke-up- like-this look is, the cold-hard truth is no, you can’t achieve this hair simply by washing it and walking out the door. Attempt that kind of madness and you’ll only be rewarded with dry, frizzy locks a few hours later.","That’s why we enlisted the help of Ruth Roche, global artistic ambassador for Pureology Serious Colour Care, to set us straight on the path to the wet hair look we’re all coveting this fall. Here are Roche’s 6 steps to achieving Kim Kardashian’s sexy wet hair look.","1. Think damp, not wet. “After shampooing, squeeze out excess water with a towel,” Roche says. “You want your hair to be damp, not sopping wet.”","2. Fight frizz. Frizz is the number one enemy you’ll want to combat when going with wet hair look. “Apply a frizz control product that has a little hold, like Pureology Style + Care Infusion Smooth Perfection,” Roche says. “For long hair, separate hair into 3 sections (top, middle and bottom) and apply a dime-sized amount to the bottom third and run fingers through. Drop down the middle section and do the same, and then the top, apply to the ends first then the roots. This prevents you from getting too much product in the front or at the roots.”","3. Style properly. “Using a wide tooth comb, comb hair back and away from the face and create a side part,” Roche says. “Place hand at the crown and push the top forward, creating a wave at the front.”","4. Leave wavy hair alone. “If your hair is naturally wavy, allow it to dry completely without touching it,” Roche says. “Once it is dry you can tip your head to one side, gather hair and scrunch it back towards your head. Repeat on the other side. This will make it fuller without disturbing the wet look.”","5. Give straight hair a boost. The goal is to achieve a slight wave and texture in your hair–too straight and your hair risks looking like a curtain. “If your hair is straight, tip head to one side and scrunch occasionally as it is drying to encourage more wave,” Roche says. “Do not run your fingers through it. Repeat this technique occasionally as it dries, until completely dry.”","6. Don’t forget the finishing touch. Don’t neglect the finishing touches that will keep your look fresh from morning until night. “Finish with a shine spray or flexible hair spray like Pureology Strengthening Control Zero Dulling Hairspray,” Roche says.","For more beauty tips, check out how often you should really wash your hair and are ponytails really bad for your hair?"]},"parsed_md":"How To Do Kim Kardashian Wet Hair Look\n\nhomepage style beauty weddings celebrity kids shop about subscribe\n\n * Style\n\n * ## Exactly How To Wear Denim If You're Under 5'2\"\n\n### Style\n\n#### 6 days\n\n * ## Shop The Best Denim And Chambray Dresses For Summer Now\n\n### Style\n\n#### 7 days\n\n * ## There Are Tons Of Cute Platform Espadrilles On Sale Right--Treat Yourself!\n\n### Style\n\n#### 8 days\n\n * ## Halter Dresses Are Super Flattering And Perfect For Crazy Hot Summer Days--Shop Our Faves Now\n\n### Style\n\n#### 8 days\n\n * Beauty\n\n * ## Here's How To Ensure Your Makeup Stays Put, Even On The Hottest, Most Humid Summer Days\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 7 days\n\n * ## Moschino Is Making It's First Makeup Line, And It's Adorable!\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 10 days\n\n * ## 6 Beauty Products To Buy From Amazon Right Now (They're Under $20)\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 11 days\n\n * ## If You Weren't Born With Naturally Glowy Skin, Pixi's Glow Booster Is The Next Best Thing\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 13 days\n\n * Weddings\n\n * ## 7 Wedding Traditions That Are Ok To Break\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### today\n\n * ## 6 Non-Traditional Wedding Gifts Your Groom Will Love\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### 1 day\n\n * ## Alfred Angelo Filed For Bankruptcy, And Brides Are Absolutely Freaking Out\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### 1 day\n\n * ## 10 Things All Couples Need To Consider After They Get Engaged\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### 2 days\n\n * Celebrity\n\n * ## Bella Hadid Just Took The Canadian Tuxedo Trend To Sexy New Levels\n\n### Celebrity\n\n#### 3 days\n\n * ## The Messiest Celebrity Breakups Of All Time\n\n### Celebrity\n\n#### 7 days\n\n * ## Does Jennifer Garner Have A New Boyfriend? 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But, no matter how captivating the I-woke-up-\nlike-this look is, the cold-hard truth is no, you can’t achieve this hair\nsimply by washing it and walking out the door. Attempt that kind of madness\nand you’ll only be rewarded with dry, frizzy locks a few hours later.\n\nThat’s why we enlisted the help of Ruth Roche, global artistic ambassador for\nPureology Serious Colour Care, to set us straight on the path to the wet hair\nlook we’re all coveting this fall. Here are Roche’s 6 steps to achieving Kim\nKardashian’s sexy wet hair look.\n\n1\\. Think damp, not wet. “After shampooing, squeeze out excess water with a\ntowel,” Roche says. “You want your hair to be damp, not sopping wet.”\n\n2\\. Fight frizz. Frizz is the number one enemy you’ll want to combat when\ngoing with wet hair look. “Apply a frizz control product that has a little\nhold, like Pureology Style + Care Infusion Smooth Perfection,” Roche says.\n“For long hair, separate hair into 3 sections (top, middle and bottom) and\napply a dime-sized amount to the bottom third and run fingers through. Drop\ndown the middle section and do the same, and then the top, apply to the ends\nfirst then the roots. This prevents you from getting too much product in the\nfront or at the roots.”\n\n3\\. Style properly. “Using a wide tooth comb, comb hair back and away from the\nface and create a side part,” Roche says. “Place hand at the crown and push\nthe top forward, creating a wave at the front.”\n\n4\\. Leave wavy hair alone. “If your hair is naturally wavy, allow it to dry\ncompletely without touching it,” Roche says. “Once it is dry you can tip your\nhead to one side, gather hair and scrunch it back towards your head. Repeat on\nthe other side. This will make it fuller without disturbing the wet look.”\n\n5\\. Give straight hair a boost. The goal is to achieve a slight wave and\ntexture in your hair–too straight and your hair risks looking like a curtain.\n“If your hair is straight, tip head to one side and scrunch occasionally as it\nis drying to encourage more wave,” Roche says. “Do not run your fingers\nthrough it. Repeat this technique occasionally as it dries, until completely\ndry.”\n\n6\\. Don’t forget the finishing touch. Don’t neglect the finishing touches that\nwill keep your look fresh from morning until night. “Finish with a shine spray\nor flexible hair spray like Pureology Strengthening Control Zero Dulling\nHairspray,” Roche says.\n\nFor more beauty tips, check out how often you should really wash your hair and\nare ponytails really bad for your hair?\n\nFollow me at @lisacfogarty on Twitter.\n\n[Photo: Splash News]\n\nTags:\n\nBeauty, hair, Kim Kardashian\n\n#### Shop frizz ease\n\nMore frizz; ease | 3 of 145 »\n\nFrizz Ease Miraculous Recovery Repairing Shampoo by\n\nJohn Frieda\n\nBuy Now\n\nFrizz Ease 10 Day Tamer by\n\nJohn Frieda\n\nBuy Now\n\nTravel Size Frizz Ease Moisture Barrier Firm Hold Hairspray by\n\nJohn Frieda\n\nBuy Now\n\n * ## Drop Everything--These Are The Nordstrom Anniversary Sale Beauty Deals You Can't Miss\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### today\n\n * ## Every Woman Should Own This $15 Topshop Camisole--It's The Best!\n\n### Style\n\n#### today\n\n * ## The One Product You Need For When Pimples And Blemishes Pop Up Out Of Nowhere\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### today\n\n * ## Embrace The Millennial Pink Craze With These \"Cool Girl\" Outfit Ideas\n\n### Style\n\n#### today\n\n * ## Three Good Reasons To Shop Anthropologie Today? 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But after seeing slicked-back ponytails and wet-look hairstyles at literally every single red carpet this year (what up, Bella Hadid!), we decided to figure out, once and for all, how the hell to get the shiny look on ourselves...without looking like a greasy swamp monster. (The boots and eyebrow art will still be forever untouchable, though. Sorry.)","So we sent a panicked plea to hairstylist and magic maker Kristin Ess, asking how normal human beings can recreate the seemingly untouchable look at home. “How many layers of gel?!” we yelled. “Do we need straight hair? And the hairspray! What about the hairspray!?” Her answer? None of the above. Also, stop yelling. Because as it turns out, we—and most of the beauty world—have been giving the wrong instructions for wet-hair looks for a very long time. Whoops.","“Gel should literally never be used in wet-looking hairstyles,” says Ess. Uh, what? “Everyone will tell you gel is their secret weapon, but it’s a lie!” The trick, she says, is pomade. Good ol’ dude pomade, to be exact. “Layrite is seriously phenomenal. It’s this old-school men’s pomade that slicks hair down beautifully without any flakes or crunch, and it washes out really easily,” says Ess. “I use it on everyone—it’s how I got Lucy Hale’s ponytail to look so sleek at the Billboard Awards.”","Yep, gorgeous. To create Hale’s look—or any slicked-back ponytail, really—Ess dipped a tint brush (“the brush is the only key to this entire look”) into the pomade and, section by section, painted it over the actress’s hair, making sure each strand of hair was totally saturated, so it would lay flat. “And then I don’t have to do anything,” she says. “Like, anything. No hairspray, no shine sprays, nothing. The pomade keeps everything in place until you wash it out; it’s amazing.”","And, swears Ess, wet-hair looks are totally obtainable on curly girls, too: “The cool thing about pomade is that it pretty much straightens out your curls as your comb it in,” she says. “Though if you have super coarse, curly hair, you might want to lightly blow it out first to get that really sleek look.”","Obviously, the slicked-back ponytail is the more wearable look in real life. But, if you want to go all out and pull off Gigi’s Baywatch, I-just-stepped- out-of-the-water look, then we salute you and want to help you. “If I were doing a look like Gigi’s, I would still use pomade, but only on her roots,” says Ess. “So rather than painting over sections of her hair, I’d rub a big dollop of pomade through her roots—exactly like a guy would rub pomade through short hair—until it was evenly coated, and then take a fine-tooth comb and comb her hair back about ten times to distribute the pomade throughout her roots and down to the middle of her head.” Since the hair is straight down, “you still need some movement in it,” notes Ess, who would finish off the look by rubbing a lightweight smoothing serum (we like Living Proof Satin Hair Serum) over the rest of her hair to add shine without the stiffness.","“The whole wet-hair look definitely a bit of a time-consuming process, since it can be difficult to get pomade through women’s hair, but it’s totally doable as long as you take thin sections and use a tint brush,” says Ess. And, sure, it definitely helps to be a kick-ass actress or model with a bunch of cool points already stacked up behind you, but like most beauty experiments, this one can easily be washed away."]},"parsed_md":"Here’s Exactly How to Do the Wet-Hair Look | StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Entertainment\n\n * SCtv\n\n * StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Entertainment\n\n * SCtv\n\n * StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nShare\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n\n## How to Master the Wet-Look Hair Trend With Just One Product\n\nWhat's hot\n\nKat Von D's Having a Massive Farewell Sale for Lip...\n\nThe Seriously Bold Lip Color Beyoncé Just Co-Signed...\n\nThe Coolest Part of Amandla Stenberg's Latest Beauty...\n\nRihanna's One and Only Rule for Wearing Black Lipstick...\n\nThese Skin-Care Products Are (Almost) as Good as P50...\n\nStyleCaster\n\n# How to Master the Wet-Look Hair Trend With Just One Product\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * 0\n\nbyChloe Metzger\n\n836 Shares\n\n2 years ago\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\nThere are a few celebrity trends that we, as mere mortals, willingly admit\nwe’ll never be able to pull off in real life: Kim Kardashian’s clear, plastic,\nthigh-high boots, Lady Gaga’s bedazzled eyebrow art, and, up until now, Gigi\nHadid’s consistent stream of wet-hair looks. But after seeing slicked-back\nponytails and wet-look hairstyles at literally every single red carpet this\nyear (what up, Bella Hadid!), we decided to figure out, once and for all, how\nthe hell to get the shiny look on ourselves...without looking like a greasy\nswamp monster. (The boots and eyebrow art will still be forever untouchable,\nthough. Sorry.)\n\nSo we sent a panicked plea to hairstylist and magic maker Kristin Ess, asking\nhow normal human beings can recreate the seemingly untouchable look at home.\n“How many layers of gel?!” we yelled. “Do we need straight hair? And the\nhairspray! What about the hairspray!?” Her answer? None of the above. Also,\nstop yelling. Because as it turns out, we—and most of the beauty world—have\nbeen giving the wrong instructions for wet-hair looks for a very long time.\nWhoops.\n\n## MORE: The 8 Best Highlighters That Will Make You Glow, Not Sparkle\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\n“Gel should literally never be used in wet-looking hairstyles,” says Ess. Uh,\nwhat? “Everyone will tell you gel is their secret weapon, but it’s a lie!” The\ntrick, she says, is pomade. Good ol’ dude pomade, to be exact. “Layrite is\nseriously phenomenal. It’s this old-school men’s pomade that slicks hair down\nbeautifully without any flakes or crunch, and it washes out really easily,”\nsays Ess. “I use it on everyone—it’s how I got Lucy Hale’s ponytail to look so\nsleek at the Billboard Awards.”\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\nYep, gorgeous. To create Hale’s look—or any slicked-back ponytail, really—Ess\ndipped a tint brush (“the brush is the only key to this entire look”) into the\npomade and, section by section, painted it over the actress’s hair, making\nsure each strand of hair was totally saturated, so it would lay flat. “And\nthen I don’t have to do anything,” she says. “Like, anything. No hairspray, no\nshine sprays, nothing. The pomade keeps everything in place until you wash it\nout; it’s amazing.”\n\nAnd, swears Ess, wet-hair looks are totally obtainable on curly girls, too:\n“The cool thing about pomade is that it pretty much straightens out your curls\nas your comb it in,” she says. “Though if you have super coarse, curly hair,\nyou might want to lightly blow it out first to get that really sleek look.”\n\n## MORE: The Ultimate Curly Hair Inspiration to Copy Right Now\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\nObviously, the slicked-back ponytail is the more wearable look in real life.\nBut, if you want to go all out and pull off Gigi’s Baywatch, I-just-stepped-\nout-of-the-water look, then we salute you and want to help you. “If I were\ndoing a look like Gigi’s, I would still use pomade, but only on her roots,”\nsays Ess. “So rather than painting over sections of her hair, I’d rub a big\ndollop of pomade through her roots—exactly like a guy would rub pomade through\nshort hair—until it was evenly coated, and then take a fine-tooth comb and\ncomb her hair back about ten times to distribute the pomade throughout her\nroots and down to the middle of her head.” Since the hair is straight down,\n“you still need some movement in it,” notes Ess, who would finish off the look\nby rubbing a lightweight smoothing serum (we like Living Proof Satin Hair\nSerum) over the rest of her hair to add shine without the stiffness.\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\n“The whole wet-hair look definitely a bit of a time-consuming process, since\nit can be difficult to get pomade through women’s hair, but it’s totally\ndoable as long as you take thin sections and use a tint brush,” says Ess. And,\nsure, it definitely helps to be a kick-ass actress or model with a bunch of\ncool points already stacked up behind you, but like most beauty experiments,\nthis one can easily be washed away.\n\n## MORE: 31 Minimalist Beauty Products To Instagram\n\n * share\n\n * pin\n\n * tweet\n\n * tumblr\n\n * 0comments\n\nTags:\n\n * best pomades\n * hair inspo\n * hair tutorials\n\nPromoted Stories\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * Press\n\n * Signup\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Tumblr\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n\nSheknows MediaBeauty and Style\n\ncopyright 2018 © all rights reserved by stylecaster\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Preference\n * Terms Of Use Agreement\n * RSS\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\n\nPowered by WordPress.com VIP\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n\n * Fashion News\n * Street Style\n * Tips + Trends\n * Shopping\n * Celebrity Looks\n * Beauty\n\n * Makeup\n * Hair + Nails\n * Skin Care\n * Health + Fitness\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Home\n * Travel\n * Food + Drink\n * Love + Sex\n * Entertainment\n\n * Celebrity News\n * TV + Movies\n * Music\n * Culture\n * SCTV\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * Instagram\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * Press\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Preference\n * Terms Of Use\n * RSS\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\n\nshare\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190611110017/https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/","parsed_text":{"title":"How To Do Wet Look Hair And Make It Last All Day","passages":["Sashaying down the Prabal Gurung and Jason Wu SS18 runways and appearing on red carpets everywhere (Margot Robbie, Allison Williams and Vanessa Kirby we're looking at you), wet look hair is officially the high fashion 'do to be working on your next night out out.","To the untrained eye it might look like you've just stepped out of the shower, but there's actually way more to styling wet look hair than you might think.","Is it just water or does that dry? How do you keep it looking wet all day? Is gel back?? These are the questions, people.","We caught up with pro hair stylist and the man responsible for Poppy Delevingne and Zayn Malik's A-list-worthy hair, Larry King, to talk us through his tips and tricks for nailing wet look hair and look oh-so haute couture.","1. Styling your hair straight from wet. To do this mix a little L'Oréal Professionnel Tecni Art Glue and Redken Outshine between your hands and smooth through the hair from front to back, comb through to get it all in place and finish by smoothing out the comb lines with your fingers.","ELLE Top Tip: Avoid any setting products, especially mousse - this will stop the 'crispy at the roots and dry at the ends' nightmare.","2. Fake the wet look. I love the old fashioned pomade by Layrite - it's what rockabilly's used to use back in the day and it still works brilliantly for this. Mix it with Redken's Wax Blast and smooth hair back into place.","ELLE Top Tip: Place grips behind your ears to hold the look in place - if you keep it nice and tight behind the ears its not such a problem if the top and back starts to move a little through the course of the evening.","'I think the slick back gives a super cool rock chic, greaser vibe, it's edgier and more empowering - think Kristen Stewart before the buzz cut.'","'I also love the side parting version, this gives real evening sophistication, think Karlie Kloss on the red carpet, it's a great way to mix Hollywood glam and girl power.'","'Wet look curls are great. Scott Ade at Larry King recently styled Arizona Muse's wavy hair for the serpentine ball, it's a softer version and less harsh than poker a straight finish.'","ELLE Top Tip: Stick to the same rules as straight but ditch the comb and let your fingers do the work.","'The wet look is tricky on Afro hair as it's super porous. I would suggest blow drying it straight and back off the face, adding the grips behind the ears and adding a good amount of Redken Diamond Oil to finish.'","ELLE, PART OF THE HEARST UK FASHION & BEAUTY NETWORK ELLE participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."]},"parsed_md":"Wet Look Hair - How To Do Wet Look Hair And Make It Last All Day\n\n# Wet Look Hair - How To Get Awards Season's Post-Shower Red Carpet Look Right\n\n##\n\nHow to nail that 'I just got out of the shower but it's totally high fashion'\nvibe.\n\nBy George Driver\n\n22/01/2018\n\nGetty Images\n\nSashaying down the Prabal Gurung and Jason Wu SS18 runways and appearing on\nred carpets everywhere (Margot Robbie, Allison Williams and Vanessa Kirby\nwe're looking at you), wet look hair is officially the high fashion 'do to be\nworking on your next night out out.\n\nTo the untrained eye it might look like you've just stepped out of the shower,\nbut there's actually way more to styling wet look hair than you might think.\n\nGetty Images\n\nIs it just water or does that dry? How do you keep it looking wet all day? Is\ngel back?? These are the questions, people.\n\nWe caught up with pro hair stylist and the man responsible for Poppy\nDelevingne and Zayn Malik's A-list-worthy hair, Larry King, to talk us through\nhis tips and tricks for nailing wet look hair and look oh-so haute couture.\n\nGetty Images\n\n## How To Do Wet Look Hair\n\nThere are two ways of achieving the wet look:\n\n1\\. Styling your hair straight from wet. To do this mix a little L'Oréal\nProfessionnel Tecni Art Glue and Redken Outshine between your hands and smooth\nthrough the hair from front to back, comb through to get it all in place and\nfinish by smoothing out the comb lines with your fingers.\n\nELLE Top Tip: Avoid any setting products, especially mousse - this will stop\nthe 'crispy at the roots and dry at the ends' nightmare.\n\nGetty Images\n\n2\\. Fake the wet look. I love the old fashioned pomade by Layrite - it's what\nrockabilly's used to use back in the day and it still works brilliantly for\nthis. Mix it with Redken's Wax Blast and smooth hair back into place.\n\nELLE Top Tip: Place grips behind your ears to hold the look in place - if you\nkeep it nice and tight behind the ears its not such a problem if the top and\nback starts to move a little through the course of the evening.\n\nGetty Images\n\n## How To Style Wet Look Hair\n\n### 1\\. The Slick Back\n\n'I think the slick back gives a super cool rock chic, greaser vibe, it's\nedgier and more empowering - think Kristen Stewart before the buzz cut.'\n\n### 2\\. The Side Part\n\n'I also love the side parting version, this gives real evening sophistication,\nthink Karlie Kloss on the red carpet, it's a great way to mix Hollywood glam\nand girl power.'\n\nImaxtree\n\n## How To Do Wet Look Hair That's Curly\n\n'Wet look curls are great. Scott Ade at Larry King recently styled Arizona\nMuse's wavy hair for the serpentine ball, it's a softer version and less harsh\nthan poker a straight finish.'\n\nELLE Top Tip: Stick to the same rules as straight but ditch the comb and let\nyour fingers do the work.\n\nImaxtree\n\n## How To Do Wet Look Afro/Natural Textured Hair\n\n'The wet look is tricky on Afro hair as it's super porous. I would suggest\nblow drying it straight and back off the face, adding the grips behind the\nears and adding a good amount of Redken Diamond Oil to finish.'\n\nRelated Story\n\nEvery Major Hair Look From Fashion Week SS18\n\nRelated Story\n\nHow To Air Dry Thick Hair\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Hair\n\n20 Celebrities With Platinum Blonde Hair\n\nThe A-List Loves... 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Registered in England. All\nRights Reserved\n\n * Sitemap\n * Complaints\n * Privacy Notice\n * Terms & conditions\n * Cookies Policy\n * About\n * Contact\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190616120832/https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product","passages":["You may or may not be in attendance at New York Fashion Week like all the celebs, but that doesn't mean you're not crunched for time this a.m.","Monday morning has struck again and if you didn't wake up with clean hair, you're actually in luck. Instead of tossing your hair up in a typical topknot or throwing it in a braided 'do, make like Ashley Graham or Kim Kardashian at the VMAs and give your hair the wet-look treatment.","\"Dirty, unwashed hair is actually the perfect base for the wet hair look,\" said celeb hairstylist Suzie Kim. \"It's a modern update on old-school, mousse- scrunched hair because it's not dry and crunchy: It's on the straighter side with just a little natural texture.\" The best part is you only need one product to achieve the look.","Step 1: First off, it's important to start with damp hair. \"If you're hair is greasy and dirty from the night before, take a spray bottle full of water and mist your locks until they're damp all over,\" she said. You don't want your hair to be dripping wet, just damp.","Step 2: Next, you can either use a conditioning mousse, like Paul Mitchell Sculpting Foam, or a soft gel, like Aquage Straightening Ultragel—both work great in Suzie's opinion. Divide hair into three horizontal sections, working the product from roots to end.","Step 3: Finger comb the product evenly through each section and scrunch it, but not too much. \"Over-scrunching will dry the product out and your hair won't look wet when it dries,\" warned the expert.","Let your hair set while you get dressed for the day. Before you head out, lightly pull hair pieces apart to give it a soft-textured look. Give it one last scrunch, and you're out the door!","E! Online - Your source for entertainment news, celebrities, celeb news, and celebrity gossip. Check out the hottest fashion, photos, movies and TV shows!","We and our partners use cookies on this site to improve our service, perform analytics, personalize advertising, measure advertising performance, and remember website preferences. By using the site, you consent to these cookies. For more information on cookies including how to manage your consent visit our Cookie Policy.","Une version adaptée de ce contenu est disponible pour notre public international. Souhaitez-vous voir ça dans notre édition française ?"]},"parsed_md":"How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product | E! News\n\n * LATEST NEWS\n * WATCH FULL EPISODES\n * ROYALS\n * THE BACHELORETTE\n * KARDASHIANS\n * PHOTOS\n * TV\n\n * TV NEWS\n * E! SHOWS\n\n * us\n * Australia\n * Asia\n * Germany\n * France\n * UK\n * Canada\n * USA\n * Mexico\n * Brazil\n * Argentina\n * Colombia\n * Venezuela\n\n# How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product\n\n * By\n\n&\n\nby Taylor Stephan | Mon., Sep. 12, 2016 6:00 AM\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Email\n\nJared Siskin/Patrick McMullan via Getty Images\n\nYou may or may not be in attendance at New York Fashion Week like all the\ncelebs, but that doesn't mean you're not crunched for time this a.m.\n\nMonday morning has struck again and if you didn't wake up with clean hair,\nyou're actually in luck. Instead of tossing your hair up in a typical topknot\nor throwing it in a braided 'do, make like Ashley Graham or Kim Kardashian at\nthe VMAs and give your hair the wet-look treatment.\n\n\"Dirty, unwashed hair is actually the perfect base for the wet hair look,\"\nsaid celeb hairstylist Suzie Kim. \"It's a modern update on old-school, mousse-\nscrunched hair because it's not dry and crunchy: It's on the straighter side\nwith just a little natural texture.\" The best part is you only need one\nproduct to achieve the look.\n\n## Read\n\nHow to Get Jessica Alba's Romantic Hair—It's Honestly so Easy!\n\nStep 1: First off, it's important to start with damp hair. \"If you're hair is\ngreasy and dirty from the night before, take a spray bottle full of water and\nmist your locks until they're damp all over,\" she said. You don't want your\nhair to be dripping wet, just damp.\n\nStep 2: Next, you can either use a conditioning mousse, like Paul Mitchell\nSculpting Foam, or a soft gel, like Aquage Straightening Ultragel—both work\ngreat in Suzie's opinion. Divide hair into three horizontal sections, working\nthe product from roots to end.\n\nStep 3: Finger comb the product evenly through each section and scrunch it,\nbut not too much. \"Over-scrunching will dry the product out and your hair\nwon't look wet when it dries,\" warned the expert.\n\nLet your hair set while you get dressed for the day. Before you head out,\nlightly pull hair pieces apart to give it a soft-textured look. Give it one\nlast scrunch, and you're out the door!\n\nmove\n\nclose\n\nNow Playing\n\nUp Next\n\nHow to Get Kristin Cavallari's Signature Hair\n\n## Photos\n\nTop-Notch Hair Dryers Under $150\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Email\n\nTAGS/ Kim Kardashian , Ashley Graham , Must-Do Mondays , Style Collective ,\nTop Stories , Hair\n\n## Trending Stories\n\nLatest News\n\nThe Big Picture: Today's Hot Photos\n\nHappy Father's Day, Scott Disick! Relive Lord Disick's Best Dad Moments From\nKUWTK\n\n7 Reasons Maisie Williams Was the Real MVP of Game of Thrones\n\nMiley Cyrus, Kristen Stewart and Sandra Bullock: See What the MTV Movie Awards\nLooked Like 10 Years Ago\n\nAmerican Idol's Scotty McCreery Looks Back on His First Year of Marriage\n\nThe Unsolved Murder of Tupac Shakur: Untangling the Epic Layers of Mystery\nSurrounding the Complicated Rapper's Death\n\nCaptain Marvel, Arya Stark & More! 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Would you\nlike to view this in our French edition?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nJa ! Nein, danke.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nOui! Non, merci.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSim Não\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\n¡Si! No, gracias.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nTranslate to English Translate to English Impressum\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180201150743/http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams","parsed_text":{"title":"How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams","passages":["From Kim K to Versace, the \"wet\" hair look has been seen everywhere. We have the step-by-step tips to getting this beauty-forward trend at home.","The \"wet\" hair look is everything at the moment. What's the best part about it? Your hair is bone dry! Seen on the likes of Kim Kardashian, and even spotted on the runway with Altuzarra, Versus Versace, Simone Rocha and more, it's not only a beauty-forward look. It's super easy to rock off the runway, too.","YouTuber Pia Muehlenbeck shared a simple tutorial on her channel to give you step-by-step tips to rocking this full-texture look.","Sea salt spray is the first product you'll need to get that uber amazing Kardashian-inspired look. Go crazy with it — it's not possible to use too much!","Once your hair is prepped with the sea salt spray, you'll be ready to apply some mousse. Working in the product with your fingers not only feels like a dream — it's also the all-natural pick over heating tools. As a bonus, it also helps give your hair some added volume.","Sleek, wet men's hair gel? The perfect fit for this look. When you're applying it, be sure to pay attention to your roots — using gel around your hairline will help tame any flyaways, and putting a little extra gel on your ends will help give them a more saturated look.","A leave-in daily oil formula is the perfect product to both keep your hair looking wet and wild, but also maintain some life. If you're already using a serum, you'll want to use a little more than you do on the regular. The more oil, the \"wetter\" it'll look.","You want your hair to look wet, not actually be wet. Blow dry your hair to make sure your sea salt spray, oils and everything else are locked in place. Once you're done drying, coat the tips of your fingers in gel and run them along your hairline to make any final styling touches and ensure that all those wispy hairs stay in place.","Maggie is a digital apprentice at Meredith Corporation. When she's not writing trending stories, you'll find her full on blasting One Direction, scanning through her favorite fashion blogs or hitting up any and every concert that passes through her home base of Des Moines.","We went backstage at the KAELEN and Tadashi runway presentations at New York Fashion Week, where both collections were accompanied by easy updos that are fresh takes on a classic low bun.","Sephora is known for being one of our favorite beauty go-tos, especially when it comes to our eyeshadow palettes. But with all of the selection available, it can get overwhelming. Check out our current favorites to help narrow it down!","Have you ever left the house with a great hairstyle only to find it's gone limp two hours later? This daily battle can be solved with one simple tool: a tail comb.","If you're tired of your basic, boring ponytail--but you don't have a lot of time to spend on your hair--this is the perfect updo.","Going retro is all the rage and getting the chic look has never been easier. In a few easy steps Alberto VO5 hair expert, Chris Lospalluto, shows you how to get wavy hair a la Veronica Lake.","If you can't be bothered to spend your mornings curling, drying, or straightening, you're going to love spring's best hairstyles! The Victoria Beckham, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Alexander Wang, and Rag + Bone runway presentations all showcased models with easy-to-achieve updos and wet-looking hair, signaling that our beauty regimens will be a breeze come spring. Check out these styles, as well as Guido's tips for using Redken products to recreate them at home."]},"parsed_md":"How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams | more.com\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Hair\n * Nails\n * Makeup\n * Skincare\n * DIY Beauty Tips\n * Perfume & Fragrances\n * Back to Home\n * Fashion\n\n * Celeb Style\n * Fashion Trends\n * Styling Tips\n * DIY Fashion\n * Back to Home\n * Entertainment\n\n * Movies & TV\n * Celebrities\n * Celebrity News\n * Music\n * Red Carpet\n * For Fun\n * Back to Home\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Food & Drink\n * Stylish Home\n * Exercise & Health\n * Tech\n * College Life\n * Wedding\n * Travel\n * Pets\n * Culture & Causes\n * Back to Home\n * Love\n\n * Relationship Advice\n * Sex Talk\n * Single Life\n * Engagement\n * Dating\n * Marriage\n * Friends & Family\n * Back to Home\n * Money\n\n * Career Advice\n * Finances\n * Back to Home\n * Video\n\n * Shop\n\nMenu\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Pinterest\n\nFollow\n\n * YouTube\n\nJoin now Search\n\n# How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams\n\nFrom Kim K to Versace, the \"wet\" hair look has been seen everywhere. We have\nthe step-by-step tips to getting this beauty-forward trend at home.\n\nBy Maggie Dickman\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Google Plus\n * Email\n * Print\n\nThe \"wet\" hair look is everything at the moment. What's the best part about\nit? Your hair is bone dry! Seen on the likes of Kim Kardashian, and even\nspotted on the runway with Altuzarra, Versus Versace, Simone Rocha and more,\nit's not only a beauty-forward look. It's super easy to rock off the runway,\ntoo.\n\nYouTuber Pia Muehlenbeck shared a simple tutorial on her channel to give you\nstep-by-step tips to rocking this full-texture look.\n\nStep 1: Sea Salt Spray Is Your BFF\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nSea salt spray is the first product you'll need to get that uber amazing\nKardashian-inspired look. Go crazy with it — it's not possible to use too\nmuch!\n\nProduct to try: Not Your Mother's Beach Babe Texturizing Sea Salt Spray\n\nStep 2: Get Yourself Some Mousse\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nOnce your hair is prepped with the sea salt spray, you'll be ready to apply\nsome mousse. Working in the product with your fingers not only feels like a\ndream — it's also the all-natural pick over heating tools. As a bonus, it also\nhelps give your hair some added volume.\n\nProduct to try: Big Sexy Hair Root Pump Plus Humidity Resistant Volumizing\nSpray Mousse\n\nStep 3: Reach For The Gel\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nSleek, wet men's hair gel? The perfect fit for this look. When you're applying\nit, be sure to pay attention to your roots — using gel around your hairline\nwill help tame any flyaways, and putting a little extra gel on your ends will\nhelp give them a more saturated look.\n\nProduct to try: Axe Wet Shine Gel\n\nStep 4: The Secret? A Whole Lot Of Oil Serum\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nA leave-in daily oil formula is the perfect product to both keep your hair\nlooking wet and wild, but also maintain some life. If you're already using a\nserum, you'll want to use a little more than you do on the regular. The more\noil, the \"wetter\" it'll look.\n\nProduct to try: John Frieda Nourishing Oil Elixir\n\nStep 5: Blow Dry!\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nYou want your hair to look wet, not actually be wet. Blow dry your hair to\nmake sure your sea salt spray, oils and everything else are locked in place.\nOnce you're done drying, coat the tips of your fingers in gel and run them\nalong your hairline to make any final styling touches and ensure that all\nthose wispy hairs stay in place.\n\nIt's seriously that easy! Will you be giving this wet hair look a try?\n\nTags:\n\n * Celebrity Hair\n * Kim Kardashian\n\n * Share\n * Pin It\n\n##### Maggie Dickman\n\nMaggie is a digital apprentice at Meredith Corporation. When she's not writing\ntrending stories, you'll find her full on blasting One Direction, scanning\nthrough her favorite fashion blogs or hitting up any and every concert that\npasses through her home base of Des Moines.\n\n## More You'll Love\n\nFall 2012 Fashion Week: Beautiful Buns at KAELEN and Tadashi\n\nWe went backstage at the KAELEN and Tadashi runway presentations at New York\nFashion Week, where both collections were accompanied by easy updos that are\nfresh takes on a classic low bun.\n\nEvery Eyeshadow Palette We Want From Sephora Right Now\n\nSephora is known for being one of our favorite beauty go-tos, especially when\nit comes to our eyeshadow palettes. But with all of the selection available,\nit can get overwhelming. Check out our current favorites to help narrow it\ndown!\n\nHow to Tease Your Hair For Volume\n\nHave you ever left the house with a great hairstyle only to find it's gone\nlimp two hours later? This daily battle can be solved with one simple tool: a\ntail comb.\n\nThis Double-Twist Ponytail Is The Perfect Five-Minute Hairstyle\n\nIf you're tired of your basic, boring ponytail--but you don't have a lot of\ntime to spend on your hair--this is the perfect updo.\n\nHow to Straighten Hair with a Flat Iron\n\nLooks For Less: 9 Favorite Makeup Product Dupes\n\nSave some money when you make the switch to these budget beauty buys.\n\nHow to Create Retro-Inspired Wavy Hair\n\nGoing retro is all the rage and getting the chic look has never been easier.\nIn a few easy steps Alberto VO5 hair expert, Chris Lospalluto, shows you how\nto get wavy hair a la Veronica Lake.\n\nYou Need To Try This Half-Up Pull-Through Braid Now\n\nKeep your hairstyle effortlessly stylish with this gorgeous, relaxed half-up\nhairstyle.\n\nWash-and-Go Hair for Spring? Sign Us Up!\n\nIf you can't be bothered to spend your mornings curling, drying, or\nstraightening, you're going to love spring's best hairstyles! The Victoria\nBeckham, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Alexander Wang, and Rag + Bone runway\npresentations all showcased models with easy-to-achieve updos and wet-looking\nhair, signaling that our beauty regimens will be a breeze come spring. Check\nout these styles, as well as Guido's tips for using Redken products to\nrecreate them at home.\n\nLoad More\n\n * Back to Beauty\n * Hair\n * Nails\n * Makeup\n * Skincare\n * DIY Beauty Tips\n * Perfume & Fragrances\n\n * Shampoo\n * Hair Styling Tools\n * Headbands\n * Hair Brushes & Combs\n * Hair Care\n * Hair Oils\n * Hair Color\n * Dry Shampoo\n * Leave-In Conditioner\n * Hair Tools\n * Conditioner\n * Hair Removal Products\n * Curling Irons\n * Hair Growth Products\n * Hair Dryers\n * Hair Conditioner\n * Hair Accessories\n * Hats\n * Hair Styling Products\n * Flat Irons\n\nShop More\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n\n© Copyright 2018, Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved Privacy Policy\nData Policy Terms of Service AdChoices\n\nBack Close\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Hair\n * Nails\n * Makeup\n * Skincare\n * DIY Beauty Tips\n * Perfume & Fragrances\n * Fashion\n\n * Celeb Style\n * Fashion Trends\n * Styling Tips\n * DIY Fashion\n * Entertainment\n\n * Movies & TV\n * Celebrities\n * Celebrity News\n * Music\n * Red Carpet\n * For Fun\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Food & Drink\n * Stylish Home\n * Exercise & Health\n * Tech\n * College Life\n * Wedding\n * Travel\n * Pets\n * Culture & Causes\n * Love\n\n * Relationship Advice\n * Sex Talk\n * Single Life\n * Engagement\n * Dating\n * Marriage\n * Friends & Family\n * Money\n\n * Career Advice\n * Finances\n * Video\n * Shop\n\n * Join now\n * Log in\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804031152/https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Re-create the “Wet Hair” Look That’s Everywhere","passages":["Wet hair is making a splash. It made a few appearances on the runway this season, including the drenched ends at Altuzarra and the slicked-back hair at Balmain. But even before then, there was Kim Kardashian at the VMAs this year and Beyoncé at the VMAs several years ago.","So how can you master the look at home? “Don’t use water, but loads of wax and gel instead,” says hairstylist Cesar Ramirez, who styles the likes of Ciara and Kim Kardashian. Water may make hair look wet, but the effect is only temporary. “Only use it when you’re at the end of your hairstyle and want to go one more day without washing,” he adds.","Unlike other trendy styles, the wet hair look is amenable to any hair texture, and to demonstrate, the Cut enlisted five women with different hair types to test-drive the watery look. For naturally straight hair, Ramirez suggests raking wax, which is slightly thicker than a gel and not water-based, through the roots and around the pieces that frame your face to shape and volumize. On the ends, he says, you should use a gel, which will stiffen as it dries and prevent frays.","There are a few ways to approach curly hair. For waves, start with blow-dried hair and then work Mizani’s wax in sections throughout hair (Mizani calls their wax a gel, but it is not, Ramirez clarifies.) Don’t use a gel, as the water in most gels will take straightened hairs right back to their curly state. You’ll want to use enough wax to completely drench your hair and then scrunch strands lightly to create waves.","If your hair is curly and you’d like to keep it that way, employ the help of a leave-in conditioner, like Mizani’s 25 Miracle Leave-In, Ramirez suggests. After misting hair with the spray, work a heaping amount of gel into hair to lock curls in place.","It’s important to note that no matter what your texture, the style won’t last more than a day. But on that day, you’ll look like the sleekest thing in town.","Foodgod Reportedly Robbed at Gunpoint Jonathan Cheban says an armed man stole his watch in New Jersey over the weekend.","Why Aren’t the Olympics More Like This? Katie Ledecky swam a lap while balancing a full glass of milk on her head. Perhaps this should be its own sport?","Anti-Abortion Centers Received Millions of Dollars in COVID Bailout Funds Religiously affiliated crisis pregnancy centers have received between $4 million and $10 million, according to a new report.","Things Are Going to Get So Much Worse The policies that have barely kept Americans afloat are coming to an end. What will we do now?","A Dating Show With Actual Love? Love on the Spectrum is a new addition to a genre so frequently and oddly devoid of affection.","The U.S. Reported Nearly 2 Million New COVID-19 Cases Last Month Over the past week, there have been an average of more than 61,000 new cases per day.","A Black Teen Jailed for Not Doing Her Schoolwork Is Now Free The 15-year-old girl, who struggles with ADHD and a mood disorder, was detained for nearly 80 days.","Why Are Parents So Bad At Teaching Their Own Kids? The intimate relationship between parent and child can make remote learning uniquely stressful.","I Think About This a Lot: What Happened to Casper the Friendly Ghost? Was he trapped in existential limbo or just bad at his job?"]},"parsed_md":"How to Re-create the “Wet Hair” Look That’s Everywhere\n\nPlease read our updated Privacy Notice and Terms of Use, effective on December\n19, 2019.\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Pin It\n\n+Comments Leave a Comment\n\nOct. 19, 2016\n\n# The ‘Wet Hair’ Look That’s Everywhere Is Easy to Re-create for Any Texture\n\nBy Ashley Weatherford\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\nWet hair is making a splash. It made a few appearances on the runway this\nseason, including the drenched ends at Altuzarra and the slicked-back hair at\nBalmain. But even before then, there was Kim Kardashian at the VMAs this year\nand Beyoncé at the VMAs several years ago.\n\nSo how can you master the look at home? “Don’t use water, but loads of wax and\ngel instead,” says hairstylist Cesar Ramirez, who styles the likes of Ciara\nand Kim Kardashian. Water may make hair look wet, but the effect is only\ntemporary. “Only use it when you’re at the end of your hairstyle and want to\ngo one more day without washing,” he adds.\n\nUnlike other trendy styles, the wet hair look is amenable to any hair texture,\nand to demonstrate, the Cut enlisted five women with different hair types to\ntest-drive the watery look. For naturally straight hair, Ramirez suggests\nraking wax, which is slightly thicker than a gel and not water-based, through\nthe roots and around the pieces that frame your face to shape and volumize. On\nthe ends, he says, you should use a gel, which will stiffen as it dries and\nprevent frays.\n\nThere are a few ways to approach curly hair. For waves, start with blow-dried\nhair and then work Mizani’s wax in sections throughout hair (Mizani calls\ntheir wax a gel, but it is not, Ramirez clarifies.) Don’t use a gel, as the\nwater in most gels will take straightened hairs right back to their curly\nstate. You’ll want to use enough wax to completely drench your hair and then\nscrunch strands lightly to create waves.\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\nIf your hair is curly and you’d like to keep it that way, employ the help of a\nleave-in conditioner, like Mizani’s 25 Miracle Leave-In, Ramirez suggests.\nAfter misting hair with the spray, work a heaping amount of gel into hair to\nlock curls in place.\n\nIt’s important to note that no matter what your texture, the style won’t last\nmore than a day. But on that day, you’ll look like the sleekest thing in town.\n\nStyling: Shiona Turini; Beauty editor: Kathleen Hou; Hair: Cesar Ramirez;\nMakeup: Sierra Min\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Ashley Weatherford\n\nAcne Studios Copper Red Dress, $750 at 33 Greene St.; (212) 334-8345; Tiffany\n& Co. Elsa Peretti Snake Earrings in 18k Gold, $2,100 at Tiffany & Co..\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Madison White\n\nNili Lotan Black Short Cami Dress, $545 at Nili Lotan; Jennifer Fisher Brass\nLarge Cuff, $545 at Jennifer Fisher; Ana Khouri Diamond Matilde Earring,\n$5,720 at Dover Street Market New York, 160 Lexington Avenue; (646) 837-7750.\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Ha-Tien Nguyen\n\nAlexander Wang Flared Cami Dress, $1895 at Alexander Wang; Tiffany & Co.\nTiffany ‘T’ Wire Hoop Earrings in 18k White Gold with Diamonds, $5,600 a\nTiffany & Co.; Anna Sheffield Pavé Pointe Stud Earrings, $1,400 at Anna\nSheffield.\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Emely Grullon\n\nMaiyet Arc Slip Dress, $512 at Net-a-Porter; Cartier Panthere de Cartier\nEarrings, 18k Yellow Gold, Tsavorite, Garnets, Onyx and Diamonds, $24,900 at\n653 Fifth Ave.; (212) 446-3400; Jennifer Fisher 14k Yellow Gold White Diamond\nMomma Cuff, $5,300 at Jennifer Fisher.\n\n## Rajni Jacques\n\nOff-White c/o Virgil Abloh Pleat Dress, $1679 at Off-White; Ana Kouri Diamond\nand Emerald Gertrude Earrring, $4,040, at Moda Operandi; Dior Fine Jewelry\nDiorama Precieuse Earrings in Yellow Gold, $14,300 at 21 East 57th St; (212)\n931-2950; Jennifer Fisher Brass Silver Large Cuff, $425 at Jennifer Fisher.\n\n## Tags:\n\n * beauty\n * wet hair\n * beyonce\n * kim kardashian\n * hair\n * More\n\nHow to Re-create the ‘Wet Hair’ Look That’s Everywhere\n\n## Most Viewed Stories\n\n 1. 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Perhaps this should be its own\nsport?\n\nshitstorms 5:32 p.m.\n\nIn 2020, We Are All This Beetle Just looking for an escape out the back door.\n\ngone sale-ing 5:28 p.m.\n\nA Flash Sale for Two Really Good Causes Over 35 brands at 80 percent off\nbenefitting Baby2Baby and Know Your Rights Camp.\n\nfashion 4:58 p.m.\n\nThe Many Meanings of One Chinese Word Prada Mode’s next venture is in Shanghai\nwith director Jia Zhangke.\n\nreproductive rights 3:54 p.m.\n\nAnti-Abortion Centers Received Millions of Dollars in COVID Bailout Funds\nReligiously affiliated crisis pregnancy centers have received between $4\nmillion and $10 million, according to a new report.\n\nscent memories 3:42 p.m.\n\nFor This Creative Director, Success Smells Like Sandalwood Victor Sanz of\ntravel brand TUMI shares his favorite scents.\n\nbeywatch 3:40 p.m.\n\nBeyoncé Wore So Many Black Designers in Black Is King Here are some of their\nstandout looks.\n\nBy Andrew Nguyen\n\nunemployment 3:17 p.m.\n\nThings Are Going to Get So Much Worse The policies that have barely kept\nAmericans afloat are coming to an end. 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Was he\ntrapped in existential limbo or just bad at his job?\n\nBy Jennifer Byrne\n\ngallery 8:00 a.m.\n\nThe Look Book Goes to Pace Gallery In East Hampton, where Sotheby’s, Michael\nWerner, and Skarstedt have also opened temporary spaces nearby.\n\nBy Jane Starr Drinkard and Brock Colyar\n\nMore Stories\n\n * Style\n * Self\n * Culture\n * Power\n\n * Newsletters\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Help\n * We’re Hiring\n * Press\n * Trademark\n * Privacy\n * Terms\n * Ad Choices\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\nThe Cut is a Vox Media Network. © 2020 Vox Media, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170727212745/http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Do Kim Kardashian Wet Hair Look\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"There’s something so chic and effortlessly cool about this season’s wet hair trend–especially when you pair it with the fanciest dress or outfit in your closet, a la Kim Kardashian. But, no matter how captivating the I-woke-up- like-this look is, the cold-hard truth is no, you can’t achieve this hair simply by washing it and walking out the door. Attempt that kind of madness and you’ll only be rewarded with dry, frizzy locks a few hours later.\",\n \"That’s why we enlisted the help of Ruth Roche, global artistic ambassador for Pureology Serious Colour Care, to set us straight on the path to the wet hair look we’re all coveting this fall. Here are Roche’s 6 steps to achieving Kim Kardashian’s sexy wet hair look.\",\n \"1. Think damp, not wet. “After shampooing, squeeze out excess water with a towel,” Roche says. “You want your hair to be damp, not sopping wet.”\",\n \"2. Fight frizz. Frizz is the number one enemy you’ll want to combat when going with wet hair look. “Apply a frizz control product that has a little hold, like Pureology Style + Care Infusion Smooth Perfection,” Roche says. “For long hair, separate hair into 3 sections (top, middle and bottom) and apply a dime-sized amount to the bottom third and run fingers through. Drop down the middle section and do the same, and then the top, apply to the ends first then the roots. This prevents you from getting too much product in the front or at the roots.”\",\n \"3. Style properly. “Using a wide tooth comb, comb hair back and away from the face and create a side part,” Roche says. “Place hand at the crown and push the top forward, creating a wave at the front.”\",\n \"4. Leave wavy hair alone. “If your hair is naturally wavy, allow it to dry completely without touching it,” Roche says. “Once it is dry you can tip your head to one side, gather hair and scrunch it back towards your head. Repeat on the other side. This will make it fuller without disturbing the wet look.”\",\n \"5. Give straight hair a boost. The goal is to achieve a slight wave and texture in your hair–too straight and your hair risks looking like a curtain. “If your hair is straight, tip head to one side and scrunch occasionally as it is drying to encourage more wave,” Roche says. “Do not run your fingers through it. Repeat this technique occasionally as it dries, until completely dry.”\",\n \"6. Don’t forget the finishing touch. Don’t neglect the finishing touches that will keep your look fresh from morning until night. “Finish with a shine spray or flexible hair spray like Pureology Strengthening Control Zero Dulling Hairspray,” Roche says.\",\n \"For more beauty tips, check out how often you should really wash your hair and are ponytails really bad for your hair?\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How To Do Kim Kardashian Wet Hair Look\\n\\nhomepage style beauty weddings celebrity kids shop about subscribe\\n\\n * Style\\n\\n * ## Exactly How To Wear Denim If You're Under 5'2\\\"\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### 6 days\\n\\n * ## Shop The Best Denim And Chambray Dresses For Summer Now\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### 7 days\\n\\n * ## There Are Tons Of Cute Platform Espadrilles On Sale Right--Treat Yourself!\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### 8 days\\n\\n * ## Halter Dresses Are Super Flattering And Perfect For Crazy Hot Summer Days--Shop Our Faves Now\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### 8 days\\n\\n * Beauty\\n\\n * ## Here's How To Ensure Your Makeup Stays Put, Even On The Hottest, Most Humid Summer Days\\n\\n### Beauty\\n\\n#### 7 days\\n\\n * ## Moschino Is Making It's First Makeup Line, And It's Adorable!\\n\\n### Beauty\\n\\n#### 10 days\\n\\n * ## 6 Beauty Products To Buy From Amazon Right Now (They're Under $20)\\n\\n### Beauty\\n\\n#### 11 days\\n\\n * ## If You Weren't Born With Naturally Glowy Skin, Pixi's Glow Booster Is The Next Best Thing\\n\\n### Beauty\\n\\n#### 13 days\\n\\n * Weddings\\n\\n * ## 7 Wedding Traditions That Are Ok To Break\\n\\n### Weddings\\n\\n#### today\\n\\n * ## 6 Non-Traditional Wedding Gifts Your Groom Will Love\\n\\n### Weddings\\n\\n#### 1 day\\n\\n * ## Alfred Angelo Filed For Bankruptcy, And Brides Are Absolutely Freaking Out\\n\\n### Weddings\\n\\n#### 1 day\\n\\n * ## 10 Things All Couples Need To Consider After They Get Engaged\\n\\n### Weddings\\n\\n#### 2 days\\n\\n * Celebrity\\n\\n * ## Bella Hadid Just Took The Canadian Tuxedo Trend To Sexy New Levels\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 3 days\\n\\n * ## The Messiest Celebrity Breakups Of All Time\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 7 days\\n\\n * ## Does Jennifer Garner Have A New Boyfriend? Find Out Who She's Dating!\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 7 days\\n\\n * ## Kim Kardashian Just Got One Step Closer To Being A First Lady\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 7 days\\n\\n * Kids\\n\\n * ## Here Are All 'The Hills' And 'Laguna Beach' Stars Expecting This Year\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 3 months\\n\\n * ## Courteney Cox's Daughter, Coco Arquette, Stars In Music Videos Now--Feel Old Yet?\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 3 months\\n\\n * ## Amal Clooney Rejected Two Of George's Baby Name Ideas\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 4 months\\n\\n * ## Kourtney Kardashian Gets Hate For Posting Photo Of Kids Sitting On A $122K Car\\n\\n### Celebrity\\n\\n#### 4 months\\n\\n * Shop\\n\\n * ## Nordstrom's Anniversary Sale Is Live And Their Bestselling Black Leggings Are Only $11!\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### 6 days\\n\\n * ## Prices Start At Just $25 At This Super Secret Kate Spade Sale\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### 10 days\\n\\n * ## Buy These $6 Fleece-Lined Leggings Now And Come Winter, You'll Be So Glad You Stocked Up\\n\\n### Shop\\n\\n#### 10 days\\n\\n * ## This Is The Perfect Summer Tee--And It's On Sale For Super Cheap Today!\\n\\n### Shop\\n\\n#### 11 days\\n\\n * About\\n\\nAbout SHEfinds Advertise With SHEfinds Jobs Privacy Policy\\n\\n * News\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n\\nInvalid email addressSuccess!\\n\\nSHEfinds\\n\\n/ beauty\\n\\n/ How To Recreate Kim Kardashian’s Wet Hair Look In 6 Simple Steps\\n\\n# How To Recreate Kim Kardashian's Wet Hair Look In 6 Simple Steps\\n\\n### Lisa Fogarty September 15, 2016\\n\\nSHEfinds receives commissions for purchases made through the links in this\\npost.\\n\\nThere’s something so chic and effortlessly cool about this season’s wet hair\\ntrend–especially when you pair it with the fanciest dress or outfit in your\\ncloset, a la Kim Kardashian. But, no matter how captivating the I-woke-up-\\nlike-this look is, the cold-hard truth is no, you can’t achieve this hair\\nsimply by washing it and walking out the door. Attempt that kind of madness\\nand you’ll only be rewarded with dry, frizzy locks a few hours later.\\n\\nThat’s why we enlisted the help of Ruth Roche, global artistic ambassador for\\nPureology Serious Colour Care, to set us straight on the path to the wet hair\\nlook we’re all coveting this fall. Here are Roche’s 6 steps to achieving Kim\\nKardashian’s sexy wet hair look.\\n\\n1\\\\. Think damp, not wet. “After shampooing, squeeze out excess water with a\\ntowel,” Roche says. “You want your hair to be damp, not sopping wet.”\\n\\n2\\\\. Fight frizz. Frizz is the number one enemy you’ll want to combat when\\ngoing with wet hair look. “Apply a frizz control product that has a little\\nhold, like Pureology Style + Care Infusion Smooth Perfection,” Roche says.\\n“For long hair, separate hair into 3 sections (top, middle and bottom) and\\napply a dime-sized amount to the bottom third and run fingers through. Drop\\ndown the middle section and do the same, and then the top, apply to the ends\\nfirst then the roots. This prevents you from getting too much product in the\\nfront or at the roots.”\\n\\n3\\\\. Style properly. “Using a wide tooth comb, comb hair back and away from the\\nface and create a side part,” Roche says. “Place hand at the crown and push\\nthe top forward, creating a wave at the front.”\\n\\n4\\\\. Leave wavy hair alone. “If your hair is naturally wavy, allow it to dry\\ncompletely without touching it,” Roche says. “Once it is dry you can tip your\\nhead to one side, gather hair and scrunch it back towards your head. Repeat on\\nthe other side. This will make it fuller without disturbing the wet look.”\\n\\n5\\\\. Give straight hair a boost. The goal is to achieve a slight wave and\\ntexture in your hair–too straight and your hair risks looking like a curtain.\\n“If your hair is straight, tip head to one side and scrunch occasionally as it\\nis drying to encourage more wave,” Roche says. “Do not run your fingers\\nthrough it. Repeat this technique occasionally as it dries, until completely\\ndry.”\\n\\n6\\\\. Don’t forget the finishing touch. Don’t neglect the finishing touches that\\nwill keep your look fresh from morning until night. “Finish with a shine spray\\nor flexible hair spray like Pureology Strengthening Control Zero Dulling\\nHairspray,” Roche says.\\n\\nFor more beauty tips, check out how often you should really wash your hair and\\nare ponytails really bad for your hair?\\n\\nFollow me at @lisacfogarty on Twitter.\\n\\n[Photo: Splash News]\\n\\nTags:\\n\\nBeauty, hair, Kim Kardashian\\n\\n#### Shop frizz ease\\n\\nMore frizz; ease | 3 of 145 »\\n\\nFrizz Ease Miraculous Recovery Repairing Shampoo by\\n\\nJohn Frieda\\n\\nBuy Now\\n\\nFrizz Ease 10 Day Tamer by\\n\\nJohn Frieda\\n\\nBuy Now\\n\\nTravel Size Frizz Ease Moisture Barrier Firm Hold Hairspray by\\n\\nJohn Frieda\\n\\nBuy Now\\n\\n * ## Drop Everything--These Are The Nordstrom Anniversary Sale Beauty Deals You Can't Miss\\n\\n### Beauty\\n\\n#### today\\n\\n * ## Every Woman Should Own This $15 Topshop Camisole--It's The Best!\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### today\\n\\n * ## The One Product You Need For When Pimples And Blemishes Pop Up Out Of Nowhere\\n\\n### Beauty\\n\\n#### today\\n\\n * ## Embrace The Millennial Pink Craze With These \\\"Cool Girl\\\" Outfit Ideas\\n\\n### Style\\n\\n#### today\\n\\n * ## Three Good Reasons To Shop Anthropologie Today? 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But after seeing slicked-back ponytails and wet-look hairstyles at literally every single red carpet this year (what up, Bella Hadid!), we decided to figure out, once and for all, how the hell to get the shiny look on ourselves...without looking like a greasy swamp monster. (The boots and eyebrow art will still be forever untouchable, though. Sorry.)\",\n \"So we sent a panicked plea to hairstylist and magic maker Kristin Ess, asking how normal human beings can recreate the seemingly untouchable look at home. “How many layers of gel?!” we yelled. “Do we need straight hair? And the hairspray! What about the hairspray!?” Her answer? None of the above. Also, stop yelling. Because as it turns out, we—and most of the beauty world—have been giving the wrong instructions for wet-hair looks for a very long time. Whoops.\",\n \"“Gel should literally never be used in wet-looking hairstyles,” says Ess. Uh, what? “Everyone will tell you gel is their secret weapon, but it’s a lie!” The trick, she says, is pomade. Good ol’ dude pomade, to be exact. “Layrite is seriously phenomenal. It’s this old-school men’s pomade that slicks hair down beautifully without any flakes or crunch, and it washes out really easily,” says Ess. “I use it on everyone—it’s how I got Lucy Hale’s ponytail to look so sleek at the Billboard Awards.”\",\n \"Yep, gorgeous. To create Hale’s look—or any slicked-back ponytail, really—Ess dipped a tint brush (“the brush is the only key to this entire look”) into the pomade and, section by section, painted it over the actress’s hair, making sure each strand of hair was totally saturated, so it would lay flat. “And then I don’t have to do anything,” she says. “Like, anything. No hairspray, no shine sprays, nothing. The pomade keeps everything in place until you wash it out; it’s amazing.”\",\n \"And, swears Ess, wet-hair looks are totally obtainable on curly girls, too: “The cool thing about pomade is that it pretty much straightens out your curls as your comb it in,” she says. “Though if you have super coarse, curly hair, you might want to lightly blow it out first to get that really sleek look.”\",\n \"Obviously, the slicked-back ponytail is the more wearable look in real life. But, if you want to go all out and pull off Gigi’s Baywatch, I-just-stepped- out-of-the-water look, then we salute you and want to help you. “If I were doing a look like Gigi’s, I would still use pomade, but only on her roots,” says Ess. “So rather than painting over sections of her hair, I’d rub a big dollop of pomade through her roots—exactly like a guy would rub pomade through short hair—until it was evenly coated, and then take a fine-tooth comb and comb her hair back about ten times to distribute the pomade throughout her roots and down to the middle of her head.” Since the hair is straight down, “you still need some movement in it,” notes Ess, who would finish off the look by rubbing a lightweight smoothing serum (we like Living Proof Satin Hair Serum) over the rest of her hair to add shine without the stiffness.\",\n \"“The whole wet-hair look definitely a bit of a time-consuming process, since it can be difficult to get pomade through women’s hair, but it’s totally doable as long as you take thin sections and use a tint brush,” says Ess. And, sure, it definitely helps to be a kick-ass actress or model with a bunch of cool points already stacked up behind you, but like most beauty experiments, this one can easily be washed away.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Here’s Exactly How to Do the Wet-Hair Look | StyleCaster\\n\\nStyleCaster\\n\\nStyleCaster\\n\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * Beauty\\n\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Entertainment\\n\\n * SCtv\\n\\n * StyleCaster\\n\\nStyleCaster\\n\\nStyleCaster\\n\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * Beauty\\n\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Entertainment\\n\\n * SCtv\\n\\n * StyleCaster\\n\\nStyleCaster\\n\\nShare\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * Tumblr\\n\\n## How to Master the Wet-Look Hair Trend With Just One Product\\n\\nWhat's hot\\n\\nKat Von D's Having a Massive Farewell Sale for Lip...\\n\\nThe Seriously Bold Lip Color Beyoncé Just Co-Signed...\\n\\nThe Coolest Part of Amandla Stenberg's Latest Beauty...\\n\\nRihanna's One and Only Rule for Wearing Black Lipstick...\\n\\nThese Skin-Care Products Are (Almost) as Good as P50...\\n\\nStyleCaster\\n\\n# How to Master the Wet-Look Hair Trend With Just One Product\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * Tumblr\\n * 0\\n\\nbyChloe Metzger\\n\\n836 Shares\\n\\n2 years ago\\n\\nPhoto: Getty Images\\n\\nThere are a few celebrity trends that we, as mere mortals, willingly admit\\nwe’ll never be able to pull off in real life: Kim Kardashian’s clear, plastic,\\nthigh-high boots, Lady Gaga’s bedazzled eyebrow art, and, up until now, Gigi\\nHadid’s consistent stream of wet-hair looks. But after seeing slicked-back\\nponytails and wet-look hairstyles at literally every single red carpet this\\nyear (what up, Bella Hadid!), we decided to figure out, once and for all, how\\nthe hell to get the shiny look on ourselves...without looking like a greasy\\nswamp monster. (The boots and eyebrow art will still be forever untouchable,\\nthough. Sorry.)\\n\\nSo we sent a panicked plea to hairstylist and magic maker Kristin Ess, asking\\nhow normal human beings can recreate the seemingly untouchable look at home.\\n“How many layers of gel?!” we yelled. “Do we need straight hair? And the\\nhairspray! What about the hairspray!?” Her answer? None of the above. Also,\\nstop yelling. Because as it turns out, we—and most of the beauty world—have\\nbeen giving the wrong instructions for wet-hair looks for a very long time.\\nWhoops.\\n\\n## MORE: The 8 Best Highlighters That Will Make You Glow, Not Sparkle\\n\\nPhoto: Getty Images\\n\\n“Gel should literally never be used in wet-looking hairstyles,” says Ess. Uh,\\nwhat? “Everyone will tell you gel is their secret weapon, but it’s a lie!” The\\ntrick, she says, is pomade. Good ol’ dude pomade, to be exact. “Layrite is\\nseriously phenomenal. It’s this old-school men’s pomade that slicks hair down\\nbeautifully without any flakes or crunch, and it washes out really easily,”\\nsays Ess. “I use it on everyone—it’s how I got Lucy Hale’s ponytail to look so\\nsleek at the Billboard Awards.”\\n\\nPhoto: Getty Images\\n\\nYep, gorgeous. To create Hale’s look—or any slicked-back ponytail, really—Ess\\ndipped a tint brush (“the brush is the only key to this entire look”) into the\\npomade and, section by section, painted it over the actress’s hair, making\\nsure each strand of hair was totally saturated, so it would lay flat. “And\\nthen I don’t have to do anything,” she says. “Like, anything. No hairspray, no\\nshine sprays, nothing. The pomade keeps everything in place until you wash it\\nout; it’s amazing.”\\n\\nAnd, swears Ess, wet-hair looks are totally obtainable on curly girls, too:\\n“The cool thing about pomade is that it pretty much straightens out your curls\\nas your comb it in,” she says. “Though if you have super coarse, curly hair,\\nyou might want to lightly blow it out first to get that really sleek look.”\\n\\n## MORE: The Ultimate Curly Hair Inspiration to Copy Right Now\\n\\nPhoto: Getty Images\\n\\nObviously, the slicked-back ponytail is the more wearable look in real life.\\nBut, if you want to go all out and pull off Gigi’s Baywatch, I-just-stepped-\\nout-of-the-water look, then we salute you and want to help you. “If I were\\ndoing a look like Gigi’s, I would still use pomade, but only on her roots,”\\nsays Ess. “So rather than painting over sections of her hair, I’d rub a big\\ndollop of pomade through her roots—exactly like a guy would rub pomade through\\nshort hair—until it was evenly coated, and then take a fine-tooth comb and\\ncomb her hair back about ten times to distribute the pomade throughout her\\nroots and down to the middle of her head.” Since the hair is straight down,\\n“you still need some movement in it,” notes Ess, who would finish off the look\\nby rubbing a lightweight smoothing serum (we like Living Proof Satin Hair\\nSerum) over the rest of her hair to add shine without the stiffness.\\n\\nPhoto: Getty Images\\n\\n“The whole wet-hair look definitely a bit of a time-consuming process, since\\nit can be difficult to get pomade through women’s hair, but it’s totally\\ndoable as long as you take thin sections and use a tint brush,” says Ess. And,\\nsure, it definitely helps to be a kick-ass actress or model with a bunch of\\ncool points already stacked up behind you, but like most beauty experiments,\\nthis one can easily be washed away.\\n\\n## MORE: 31 Minimalist Beauty Products To Instagram\\n\\n * share\\n\\n * pin\\n\\n * tweet\\n\\n * tumblr\\n\\n * 0comments\\n\\nTags:\\n\\n * best pomades\\n * hair inspo\\n * hair tutorials\\n\\nPromoted Stories\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise\\n * Contact Us\\n * Careers\\n * Press\\n\\n * Signup\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Tumblr\\n * Twitter\\n * Instagram\\n\\nSheknows MediaBeauty and Style\\n\\ncopyright 2018 © all rights reserved by stylecaster\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Privacy Preference\\n * Terms Of Use Agreement\\n * RSS\\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\\n\\nPowered by WordPress.com VIP\\n\\nStyleCaster\\n\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * Fashion News\\n * Street Style\\n * Tips + Trends\\n * Shopping\\n * Celebrity Looks\\n * Beauty\\n\\n * Makeup\\n * Hair + Nails\\n * Skin Care\\n * Health + Fitness\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Home\\n * Travel\\n * Food + Drink\\n * Love + Sex\\n * Entertainment\\n\\n * Celebrity News\\n * TV + Movies\\n * Music\\n * Culture\\n * SCTV\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * Tumblr\\n * Instagram\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise\\n * Contact Us\\n * Careers\\n * Press\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Privacy Preference\\n * Terms Of Use\\n * RSS\\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\\n\\nshare\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * Tumblr\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190611110017/https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Do Wet Look Hair And Make It Last All Day\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Sashaying down the Prabal Gurung and Jason Wu SS18 runways and appearing on red carpets everywhere (Margot Robbie, Allison Williams and Vanessa Kirby we're looking at you), wet look hair is officially the high fashion 'do to be working on your next night out out.\",\n \"To the untrained eye it might look like you've just stepped out of the shower, but there's actually way more to styling wet look hair than you might think.\",\n \"Is it just water or does that dry? How do you keep it looking wet all day? Is gel back?? These are the questions, people.\",\n \"We caught up with pro hair stylist and the man responsible for Poppy Delevingne and Zayn Malik's A-list-worthy hair, Larry King, to talk us through his tips and tricks for nailing wet look hair and look oh-so haute couture.\",\n \"1. Styling your hair straight from wet. To do this mix a little L'Oréal Professionnel Tecni Art Glue and Redken Outshine between your hands and smooth through the hair from front to back, comb through to get it all in place and finish by smoothing out the comb lines with your fingers.\",\n \"ELLE Top Tip: Avoid any setting products, especially mousse - this will stop the 'crispy at the roots and dry at the ends' nightmare.\",\n \"2. Fake the wet look. I love the old fashioned pomade by Layrite - it's what rockabilly's used to use back in the day and it still works brilliantly for this. Mix it with Redken's Wax Blast and smooth hair back into place.\",\n \"ELLE Top Tip: Place grips behind your ears to hold the look in place - if you keep it nice and tight behind the ears its not such a problem if the top and back starts to move a little through the course of the evening.\",\n \"'I think the slick back gives a super cool rock chic, greaser vibe, it's edgier and more empowering - think Kristen Stewart before the buzz cut.'\",\n \"'I also love the side parting version, this gives real evening sophistication, think Karlie Kloss on the red carpet, it's a great way to mix Hollywood glam and girl power.'\",\n \"'Wet look curls are great. Scott Ade at Larry King recently styled Arizona Muse's wavy hair for the serpentine ball, it's a softer version and less harsh than poker a straight finish.'\",\n \"ELLE Top Tip: Stick to the same rules as straight but ditch the comb and let your fingers do the work.\",\n \"'The wet look is tricky on Afro hair as it's super porous. I would suggest blow drying it straight and back off the face, adding the grips behind the ears and adding a good amount of Redken Diamond Oil to finish.'\",\n \"ELLE, PART OF THE HEARST UK FASHION & BEAUTY NETWORK ELLE participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Wet Look Hair - How To Do Wet Look Hair And Make It Last All Day\\n\\n# Wet Look Hair - How To Get Awards Season's Post-Shower Red Carpet Look Right\\n\\n##\\n\\nHow to nail that 'I just got out of the shower but it's totally high fashion'\\nvibe.\\n\\nBy George Driver\\n\\n22/01/2018\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\nSashaying down the Prabal Gurung and Jason Wu SS18 runways and appearing on\\nred carpets everywhere (Margot Robbie, Allison Williams and Vanessa Kirby\\nwe're looking at you), wet look hair is officially the high fashion 'do to be\\nworking on your next night out out.\\n\\nTo the untrained eye it might look like you've just stepped out of the shower,\\nbut there's actually way more to styling wet look hair than you might think.\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\nIs it just water or does that dry? How do you keep it looking wet all day? Is\\ngel back?? These are the questions, people.\\n\\nWe caught up with pro hair stylist and the man responsible for Poppy\\nDelevingne and Zayn Malik's A-list-worthy hair, Larry King, to talk us through\\nhis tips and tricks for nailing wet look hair and look oh-so haute couture.\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\n## How To Do Wet Look Hair\\n\\nThere are two ways of achieving the wet look:\\n\\n1\\\\. Styling your hair straight from wet. To do this mix a little L'Oréal\\nProfessionnel Tecni Art Glue and Redken Outshine between your hands and smooth\\nthrough the hair from front to back, comb through to get it all in place and\\nfinish by smoothing out the comb lines with your fingers.\\n\\nELLE Top Tip: Avoid any setting products, especially mousse - this will stop\\nthe 'crispy at the roots and dry at the ends' nightmare.\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\n2\\\\. Fake the wet look. I love the old fashioned pomade by Layrite - it's what\\nrockabilly's used to use back in the day and it still works brilliantly for\\nthis. Mix it with Redken's Wax Blast and smooth hair back into place.\\n\\nELLE Top Tip: Place grips behind your ears to hold the look in place - if you\\nkeep it nice and tight behind the ears its not such a problem if the top and\\nback starts to move a little through the course of the evening.\\n\\nGetty Images\\n\\n## How To Style Wet Look Hair\\n\\n### 1\\\\. The Slick Back\\n\\n'I think the slick back gives a super cool rock chic, greaser vibe, it's\\nedgier and more empowering - think Kristen Stewart before the buzz cut.'\\n\\n### 2\\\\. The Side Part\\n\\n'I also love the side parting version, this gives real evening sophistication,\\nthink Karlie Kloss on the red carpet, it's a great way to mix Hollywood glam\\nand girl power.'\\n\\nImaxtree\\n\\n## How To Do Wet Look Hair That's Curly\\n\\n'Wet look curls are great. Scott Ade at Larry King recently styled Arizona\\nMuse's wavy hair for the serpentine ball, it's a softer version and less harsh\\nthan poker a straight finish.'\\n\\nELLE Top Tip: Stick to the same rules as straight but ditch the comb and let\\nyour fingers do the work.\\n\\nImaxtree\\n\\n## How To Do Wet Look Afro/Natural Textured Hair\\n\\n'The wet look is tricky on Afro hair as it's super porous. I would suggest\\nblow drying it straight and back off the face, adding the grips behind the\\nears and adding a good amount of Redken Diamond Oil to finish.'\\n\\nRelated Story\\n\\nEvery Major Hair Look From Fashion Week SS18\\n\\nRelated Story\\n\\nHow To Air Dry Thick Hair\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\nMore From Hair\\n\\n20 Celebrities With Platinum Blonde Hair\\n\\nThe A-List Loves... The Bob\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\nReese Witherspoon Just Got A Drastic New Haircut\\n\\n11 Undercut Hairstyles\\n\\nELLE Edit: Best Scalp Scrubs\\n\\nMargot Robbie Recreates Sharon Tate's 1968 Hairdo\\n\\nSophie Turner Looks SO Good With Her New Fringe\\n\\nBest Blonde Celebrity Hair\\n\\nSansa Stark's GoT Finale Hair Was Epic\\n\\nKylie Jenner Is ALSO Coming For Hair Care\\n\\n * Hair\\n * Beauty\\n * 10 Ways To Encourage Your Hair's Natural Curl\\n * How To Do 2017's Crimped Hair\\n * This Is How Often People Actually Wash Their Hair\\n * How Much British Influencers Get Paid\\n * How To Look Flawless On FaceTime\\n * How To Style Textured Hair By Vernon Francois\\n\\n * London Fashion Week\\n * Paris Fashion Week\\n * Milan Fashion Week\\n * New York Fashion Week\\n * News\\n * Fashion\\n * Wedding Ideas\\n * Beauty\\n * Hair Trends\\n * Life + culture\\n * Holiday Inspiration\\n * Daily Horoscopes\\n * All videos\\n * Elle fashion cupboard\\n\\nELLE, PART OF THE HEARST UK FASHION & BEAUTY NETWORK ELLE participates in\\nvarious affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions\\non editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\\n\\n©2019 Hearst UK is the trading name of the National Magazine Company Ltd, 30\\nPanton Street, Leicester Square, London, SW1Y 4AJ. Registered in England. All\\nRights Reserved\\n\\n * Sitemap\\n * Complaints\\n * Privacy Notice\\n * Terms & conditions\\n * Cookies Policy\\n * About\\n * Contact\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190616120832/https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"You may or may not be in attendance at New York Fashion Week like all the celebs, but that doesn't mean you're not crunched for time this a.m.\",\n \"Monday morning has struck again and if you didn't wake up with clean hair, you're actually in luck. Instead of tossing your hair up in a typical topknot or throwing it in a braided 'do, make like Ashley Graham or Kim Kardashian at the VMAs and give your hair the wet-look treatment.\",\n \"\\\"Dirty, unwashed hair is actually the perfect base for the wet hair look,\\\" said celeb hairstylist Suzie Kim. \\\"It's a modern update on old-school, mousse- scrunched hair because it's not dry and crunchy: It's on the straighter side with just a little natural texture.\\\" The best part is you only need one product to achieve the look.\",\n \"Step 1: First off, it's important to start with damp hair. \\\"If you're hair is greasy and dirty from the night before, take a spray bottle full of water and mist your locks until they're damp all over,\\\" she said. You don't want your hair to be dripping wet, just damp.\",\n \"Step 2: Next, you can either use a conditioning mousse, like Paul Mitchell Sculpting Foam, or a soft gel, like Aquage Straightening Ultragel—both work great in Suzie's opinion. Divide hair into three horizontal sections, working the product from roots to end.\",\n \"Step 3: Finger comb the product evenly through each section and scrunch it, but not too much. \\\"Over-scrunching will dry the product out and your hair won't look wet when it dries,\\\" warned the expert.\",\n \"Let your hair set while you get dressed for the day. Before you head out, lightly pull hair pieces apart to give it a soft-textured look. Give it one last scrunch, and you're out the door!\",\n \"E! Online - Your source for entertainment news, celebrities, celeb news, and celebrity gossip. Check out the hottest fashion, photos, movies and TV shows!\",\n \"We and our partners use cookies on this site to improve our service, perform analytics, personalize advertising, measure advertising performance, and remember website preferences. By using the site, you consent to these cookies. For more information on cookies including how to manage your consent visit our Cookie Policy.\",\n \"Une version adaptée de ce contenu est disponible pour notre public international. Souhaitez-vous voir ça dans notre édition française ?\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product | E! News\\n\\n * LATEST NEWS\\n * WATCH FULL EPISODES\\n * ROYALS\\n * THE BACHELORETTE\\n * KARDASHIANS\\n * PHOTOS\\n * TV\\n\\n * TV NEWS\\n * E! SHOWS\\n\\n * us\\n * Australia\\n * Asia\\n * Germany\\n * France\\n * UK\\n * Canada\\n * USA\\n * Mexico\\n * Brazil\\n * Argentina\\n * Colombia\\n * Venezuela\\n\\n# How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product\\n\\n * By\\n\\n&\\n\\nby Taylor Stephan | Mon., Sep. 12, 2016 6:00 AM\\n\\n * Share\\n\\n * Tweet\\n\\n * Email\\n\\nJared Siskin/Patrick McMullan via Getty Images\\n\\nYou may or may not be in attendance at New York Fashion Week like all the\\ncelebs, but that doesn't mean you're not crunched for time this a.m.\\n\\nMonday morning has struck again and if you didn't wake up with clean hair,\\nyou're actually in luck. Instead of tossing your hair up in a typical topknot\\nor throwing it in a braided 'do, make like Ashley Graham or Kim Kardashian at\\nthe VMAs and give your hair the wet-look treatment.\\n\\n\\\"Dirty, unwashed hair is actually the perfect base for the wet hair look,\\\"\\nsaid celeb hairstylist Suzie Kim. \\\"It's a modern update on old-school, mousse-\\nscrunched hair because it's not dry and crunchy: It's on the straighter side\\nwith just a little natural texture.\\\" The best part is you only need one\\nproduct to achieve the look.\\n\\n## Read\\n\\nHow to Get Jessica Alba's Romantic Hair—It's Honestly so Easy!\\n\\nStep 1: First off, it's important to start with damp hair. \\\"If you're hair is\\ngreasy and dirty from the night before, take a spray bottle full of water and\\nmist your locks until they're damp all over,\\\" she said. You don't want your\\nhair to be dripping wet, just damp.\\n\\nStep 2: Next, you can either use a conditioning mousse, like Paul Mitchell\\nSculpting Foam, or a soft gel, like Aquage Straightening Ultragel—both work\\ngreat in Suzie's opinion. Divide hair into three horizontal sections, working\\nthe product from roots to end.\\n\\nStep 3: Finger comb the product evenly through each section and scrunch it,\\nbut not too much. \\\"Over-scrunching will dry the product out and your hair\\nwon't look wet when it dries,\\\" warned the expert.\\n\\nLet your hair set while you get dressed for the day. Before you head out,\\nlightly pull hair pieces apart to give it a soft-textured look. Give it one\\nlast scrunch, and you're out the door!\\n\\nmove\\n\\nclose\\n\\nNow Playing\\n\\nUp Next\\n\\nHow to Get Kristin Cavallari's Signature Hair\\n\\n## Photos\\n\\nTop-Notch Hair Dryers Under $150\\n\\n * Share\\n\\n * Tweet\\n\\n * Email\\n\\nTAGS/ Kim Kardashian , Ashley Graham , Must-Do Mondays , Style Collective ,\\nTop Stories , Hair\\n\\n## Trending Stories\\n\\nLatest News\\n\\nThe Big Picture: Today's Hot Photos\\n\\nHappy Father's Day, Scott Disick! Relive Lord Disick's Best Dad Moments From\\nKUWTK\\n\\n7 Reasons Maisie Williams Was the Real MVP of Game of Thrones\\n\\nMiley Cyrus, Kristen Stewart and Sandra Bullock: See What the MTV Movie Awards\\nLooked Like 10 Years Ago\\n\\nAmerican Idol's Scotty McCreery Looks Back on His First Year of Marriage\\n\\nThe Unsolved Murder of Tupac Shakur: Untangling the Epic Layers of Mystery\\nSurrounding the Complicated Rapper's Death\\n\\nCaptain Marvel, Arya Stark & More! Vote for Your Favorite Hero Before the 2019\\nMTV Movie & TV Awards\\n\\n * About Us\\n * FAQ\\n * Careers\\n * Contact Us\\n * Site Map\\n * Apps\\n * Cookie Policy\\n * Show Schedule\\n * Closed Captioning\\n * E! Now\\n\\n * Advertise\\n * AdChoices\\n * RSS Feeds\\n * People's Choice\\n * |\\n * People's Choice FAQ\\n\\nGot a News Tip? Click Here\\n\\nE! Online - Your source for entertainment news, celebrities, celeb news, and\\ncelebrity gossip. Check out the hottest fashion, photos, movies and TV shows!\\n\\nNew Privacy Policy | Terms of Service | Independent Programming Report | ©\\n2019 E! Entertainment Television, LLC. A Division of NBCUniversal. All rights\\nreserved.\\n\\nGET POP CULTURED!\\n\\n*Email entered incorrectly. Please try again.\\n\\nBy subscribing to our newsletter you agree to the Privacy Policy and Terms of\\nUse\\n\\nDaily\\n\\nWeekly\\n\\nsuccess!\\n\\nThank you for subscribing.\\n\\nwe're sorry. an error has occurred\\n\\nWe and our partners use cookies on this site to improve our service, perform\\nanalytics, personalize advertising, measure advertising performance, and\\nremember website preferences. By using the site, you consent to these cookies.\\nFor more information on cookies including how to manage your consent visit our\\nCookie Policy.\\n\\n##### U.S.\\n\\n##### CA\\n\\n##### U.K.\\n\\n##### AU\\n\\n##### Asia\\n\\n##### DE\\n\\n##### FR\\n\\n### E! Is Everywhere\\n\\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\\nlike to view this in our US edition?\\n\\n### E! Is Everywhere\\n\\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\\nlike to view this in our Canadian edition?\\n\\n### E! Is Everywhere\\n\\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\\nlike to view this in our UK edition?\\n\\n### E! Is Everywhere\\n\\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\\nlike to view this in our Australian edition?\\n\\n### E! Is Everywhere\\n\\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\\nlike to view this in our Asia edition?\\n\\n### E! ist überall\\n\\nDieser Inhalt ist für internationale Besucher verfügbar. Möchtest du ihn in\\nder deutschen Version anschauen?\\n\\n### E! Is Everywhere\\n\\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\\nlike to view this in our German edition?\\n\\n### E! est partout\\n\\nUne version adaptée de ce contenu est disponible pour notre public\\ninternational. Souhaitez-vous voir ça dans notre édition française ?\\n\\n### E! Is Everywhere\\n\\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\\nlike to view this in our French edition?\\n\\n### E! está en todos lados\\n\\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\\n\\n### E! está en todos lados\\n\\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\\n\\n### E! está en todos lados\\n\\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\\n\\n### E! está en todos lados\\n\\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nJa ! Nein, danke.\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nOui! Non, merci.\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nSim Não\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\n¡Si! No, gracias.\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nSi No\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nSi No\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nSi No\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nSi No\\n\\nYes! No, Thanks.\\n\\nTranslate to English Translate to English Impressum\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180201150743/http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"From Kim K to Versace, the \\\"wet\\\" hair look has been seen everywhere. We have the step-by-step tips to getting this beauty-forward trend at home.\",\n \"The \\\"wet\\\" hair look is everything at the moment. What's the best part about it? Your hair is bone dry! Seen on the likes of Kim Kardashian, and even spotted on the runway with Altuzarra, Versus Versace, Simone Rocha and more, it's not only a beauty-forward look. It's super easy to rock off the runway, too.\",\n \"YouTuber Pia Muehlenbeck shared a simple tutorial on her channel to give you step-by-step tips to rocking this full-texture look.\",\n \"Sea salt spray is the first product you'll need to get that uber amazing Kardashian-inspired look. Go crazy with it — it's not possible to use too much!\",\n \"Once your hair is prepped with the sea salt spray, you'll be ready to apply some mousse. Working in the product with your fingers not only feels like a dream — it's also the all-natural pick over heating tools. As a bonus, it also helps give your hair some added volume.\",\n \"Sleek, wet men's hair gel? The perfect fit for this look. When you're applying it, be sure to pay attention to your roots — using gel around your hairline will help tame any flyaways, and putting a little extra gel on your ends will help give them a more saturated look.\",\n \"A leave-in daily oil formula is the perfect product to both keep your hair looking wet and wild, but also maintain some life. If you're already using a serum, you'll want to use a little more than you do on the regular. The more oil, the \\\"wetter\\\" it'll look.\",\n \"You want your hair to look wet, not actually be wet. Blow dry your hair to make sure your sea salt spray, oils and everything else are locked in place. Once you're done drying, coat the tips of your fingers in gel and run them along your hairline to make any final styling touches and ensure that all those wispy hairs stay in place.\",\n \"Maggie is a digital apprentice at Meredith Corporation. When she's not writing trending stories, you'll find her full on blasting One Direction, scanning through her favorite fashion blogs or hitting up any and every concert that passes through her home base of Des Moines.\",\n \"We went backstage at the KAELEN and Tadashi runway presentations at New York Fashion Week, where both collections were accompanied by easy updos that are fresh takes on a classic low bun.\",\n \"Sephora is known for being one of our favorite beauty go-tos, especially when it comes to our eyeshadow palettes. But with all of the selection available, it can get overwhelming. Check out our current favorites to help narrow it down!\",\n \"Have you ever left the house with a great hairstyle only to find it's gone limp two hours later? This daily battle can be solved with one simple tool: a tail comb.\",\n \"If you're tired of your basic, boring ponytail--but you don't have a lot of time to spend on your hair--this is the perfect updo.\",\n \"Going retro is all the rage and getting the chic look has never been easier. In a few easy steps Alberto VO5 hair expert, Chris Lospalluto, shows you how to get wavy hair a la Veronica Lake.\",\n \"If you can't be bothered to spend your mornings curling, drying, or straightening, you're going to love spring's best hairstyles! The Victoria Beckham, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Alexander Wang, and Rag + Bone runway presentations all showcased models with easy-to-achieve updos and wet-looking hair, signaling that our beauty regimens will be a breeze come spring. Check out these styles, as well as Guido's tips for using Redken products to recreate them at home.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams | more.com\\n\\n * Beauty\\n\\n * Hair\\n * Nails\\n * Makeup\\n * Skincare\\n * DIY Beauty Tips\\n * Perfume & Fragrances\\n * Back to Home\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * Celeb Style\\n * Fashion Trends\\n * Styling Tips\\n * DIY Fashion\\n * Back to Home\\n * Entertainment\\n\\n * Movies & TV\\n * Celebrities\\n * Celebrity News\\n * Music\\n * Red Carpet\\n * For Fun\\n * Back to Home\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Food & Drink\\n * Stylish Home\\n * Exercise & Health\\n * Tech\\n * College Life\\n * Wedding\\n * Travel\\n * Pets\\n * Culture & Causes\\n * Back to Home\\n * Love\\n\\n * Relationship Advice\\n * Sex Talk\\n * Single Life\\n * Engagement\\n * Dating\\n * Marriage\\n * Friends & Family\\n * Back to Home\\n * Money\\n\\n * Career Advice\\n * Finances\\n * Back to Home\\n * Video\\n\\n * Shop\\n\\nMenu\\n\\n * Facebook\\n\\n * Pinterest\\n\\nFollow\\n\\n * YouTube\\n\\nJoin now Search\\n\\n# How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams\\n\\nFrom Kim K to Versace, the \\\"wet\\\" hair look has been seen everywhere. We have\\nthe step-by-step tips to getting this beauty-forward trend at home.\\n\\nBy Maggie Dickman\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * Google Plus\\n * Email\\n * Print\\n\\nThe \\\"wet\\\" hair look is everything at the moment. What's the best part about\\nit? Your hair is bone dry! Seen on the likes of Kim Kardashian, and even\\nspotted on the runway with Altuzarra, Versus Versace, Simone Rocha and more,\\nit's not only a beauty-forward look. It's super easy to rock off the runway,\\ntoo.\\n\\nYouTuber Pia Muehlenbeck shared a simple tutorial on her channel to give you\\nstep-by-step tips to rocking this full-texture look.\\n\\nStep 1: Sea Salt Spray Is Your BFF\\n\\nvia GIPHY\\n\\nSea salt spray is the first product you'll need to get that uber amazing\\nKardashian-inspired look. Go crazy with it — it's not possible to use too\\nmuch!\\n\\nProduct to try: Not Your Mother's Beach Babe Texturizing Sea Salt Spray\\n\\nStep 2: Get Yourself Some Mousse\\n\\nvia GIPHY\\n\\nOnce your hair is prepped with the sea salt spray, you'll be ready to apply\\nsome mousse. Working in the product with your fingers not only feels like a\\ndream — it's also the all-natural pick over heating tools. As a bonus, it also\\nhelps give your hair some added volume.\\n\\nProduct to try: Big Sexy Hair Root Pump Plus Humidity Resistant Volumizing\\nSpray Mousse\\n\\nStep 3: Reach For The Gel\\n\\nvia GIPHY\\n\\nSleek, wet men's hair gel? The perfect fit for this look. When you're applying\\nit, be sure to pay attention to your roots — using gel around your hairline\\nwill help tame any flyaways, and putting a little extra gel on your ends will\\nhelp give them a more saturated look.\\n\\nProduct to try: Axe Wet Shine Gel\\n\\nStep 4: The Secret? A Whole Lot Of Oil Serum\\n\\nvia GIPHY\\n\\nA leave-in daily oil formula is the perfect product to both keep your hair\\nlooking wet and wild, but also maintain some life. If you're already using a\\nserum, you'll want to use a little more than you do on the regular. The more\\noil, the \\\"wetter\\\" it'll look.\\n\\nProduct to try: John Frieda Nourishing Oil Elixir\\n\\nStep 5: Blow Dry!\\n\\nvia GIPHY\\n\\nYou want your hair to look wet, not actually be wet. Blow dry your hair to\\nmake sure your sea salt spray, oils and everything else are locked in place.\\nOnce you're done drying, coat the tips of your fingers in gel and run them\\nalong your hairline to make any final styling touches and ensure that all\\nthose wispy hairs stay in place.\\n\\nIt's seriously that easy! Will you be giving this wet hair look a try?\\n\\nTags:\\n\\n * Celebrity Hair\\n * Kim Kardashian\\n\\n * Share\\n * Pin It\\n\\n##### Maggie Dickman\\n\\nMaggie is a digital apprentice at Meredith Corporation. When she's not writing\\ntrending stories, you'll find her full on blasting One Direction, scanning\\nthrough her favorite fashion blogs or hitting up any and every concert that\\npasses through her home base of Des Moines.\\n\\n## More You'll Love\\n\\nFall 2012 Fashion Week: Beautiful Buns at KAELEN and Tadashi\\n\\nWe went backstage at the KAELEN and Tadashi runway presentations at New York\\nFashion Week, where both collections were accompanied by easy updos that are\\nfresh takes on a classic low bun.\\n\\nEvery Eyeshadow Palette We Want From Sephora Right Now\\n\\nSephora is known for being one of our favorite beauty go-tos, especially when\\nit comes to our eyeshadow palettes. But with all of the selection available,\\nit can get overwhelming. Check out our current favorites to help narrow it\\ndown!\\n\\nHow to Tease Your Hair For Volume\\n\\nHave you ever left the house with a great hairstyle only to find it's gone\\nlimp two hours later? This daily battle can be solved with one simple tool: a\\ntail comb.\\n\\nThis Double-Twist Ponytail Is The Perfect Five-Minute Hairstyle\\n\\nIf you're tired of your basic, boring ponytail--but you don't have a lot of\\ntime to spend on your hair--this is the perfect updo.\\n\\nHow to Straighten Hair with a Flat Iron\\n\\nLooks For Less: 9 Favorite Makeup Product Dupes\\n\\nSave some money when you make the switch to these budget beauty buys.\\n\\nHow to Create Retro-Inspired Wavy Hair\\n\\nGoing retro is all the rage and getting the chic look has never been easier.\\nIn a few easy steps Alberto VO5 hair expert, Chris Lospalluto, shows you how\\nto get wavy hair a la Veronica Lake.\\n\\nYou Need To Try This Half-Up Pull-Through Braid Now\\n\\nKeep your hairstyle effortlessly stylish with this gorgeous, relaxed half-up\\nhairstyle.\\n\\nWash-and-Go Hair for Spring? Sign Us Up!\\n\\nIf you can't be bothered to spend your mornings curling, drying, or\\nstraightening, you're going to love spring's best hairstyles! The Victoria\\nBeckham, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Alexander Wang, and Rag + Bone runway\\npresentations all showcased models with easy-to-achieve updos and wet-looking\\nhair, signaling that our beauty regimens will be a breeze come spring. Check\\nout these styles, as well as Guido's tips for using Redken products to\\nrecreate them at home.\\n\\nLoad More\\n\\n * Back to Beauty\\n * Hair\\n * Nails\\n * Makeup\\n * Skincare\\n * DIY Beauty Tips\\n * Perfume & Fragrances\\n\\n * Shampoo\\n * Hair Styling Tools\\n * Headbands\\n * Hair Brushes & Combs\\n * Hair Care\\n * Hair Oils\\n * Hair Color\\n * Dry Shampoo\\n * Leave-In Conditioner\\n * Hair Tools\\n * Conditioner\\n * Hair Removal Products\\n * Curling Irons\\n * Hair Growth Products\\n * Hair Dryers\\n * Hair Conditioner\\n * Hair Accessories\\n * Hats\\n * Hair Styling Products\\n * Flat Irons\\n\\nShop More\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Twitter\\n * Instagram\\n * YouTube\\n\\n© Copyright 2018, Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved Privacy Policy\\nData Policy Terms of Service AdChoices\\n\\nBack Close\\n\\n * Beauty\\n\\n * Hair\\n * Nails\\n * Makeup\\n * Skincare\\n * DIY Beauty Tips\\n * Perfume & Fragrances\\n * Fashion\\n\\n * Celeb Style\\n * Fashion Trends\\n * Styling Tips\\n * DIY Fashion\\n * Entertainment\\n\\n * Movies & TV\\n * Celebrities\\n * Celebrity News\\n * Music\\n * Red Carpet\\n * For Fun\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Food & Drink\\n * Stylish Home\\n * Exercise & Health\\n * Tech\\n * College Life\\n * Wedding\\n * Travel\\n * Pets\\n * Culture & Causes\\n * Love\\n\\n * Relationship Advice\\n * Sex Talk\\n * Single Life\\n * Engagement\\n * Dating\\n * Marriage\\n * Friends & Family\\n * Money\\n\\n * Career Advice\\n * Finances\\n * Video\\n * Shop\\n\\n * Join now\\n * Log in\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Instagram\\n * YouTube\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804031152/https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Re-create the “Wet Hair” Look That’s Everywhere\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Wet hair is making a splash. It made a few appearances on the runway this season, including the drenched ends at Altuzarra and the slicked-back hair at Balmain. But even before then, there was Kim Kardashian at the VMAs this year and Beyoncé at the VMAs several years ago.\",\n \"So how can you master the look at home? “Don’t use water, but loads of wax and gel instead,” says hairstylist Cesar Ramirez, who styles the likes of Ciara and Kim Kardashian. Water may make hair look wet, but the effect is only temporary. “Only use it when you’re at the end of your hairstyle and want to go one more day without washing,” he adds.\",\n \"Unlike other trendy styles, the wet hair look is amenable to any hair texture, and to demonstrate, the Cut enlisted five women with different hair types to test-drive the watery look. For naturally straight hair, Ramirez suggests raking wax, which is slightly thicker than a gel and not water-based, through the roots and around the pieces that frame your face to shape and volumize. On the ends, he says, you should use a gel, which will stiffen as it dries and prevent frays.\",\n \"There are a few ways to approach curly hair. For waves, start with blow-dried hair and then work Mizani’s wax in sections throughout hair (Mizani calls their wax a gel, but it is not, Ramirez clarifies.) Don’t use a gel, as the water in most gels will take straightened hairs right back to their curly state. You’ll want to use enough wax to completely drench your hair and then scrunch strands lightly to create waves.\",\n \"If your hair is curly and you’d like to keep it that way, employ the help of a leave-in conditioner, like Mizani’s 25 Miracle Leave-In, Ramirez suggests. After misting hair with the spray, work a heaping amount of gel into hair to lock curls in place.\",\n \"It’s important to note that no matter what your texture, the style won’t last more than a day. But on that day, you’ll look like the sleekest thing in town.\",\n \"Foodgod Reportedly Robbed at Gunpoint Jonathan Cheban says an armed man stole his watch in New Jersey over the weekend.\",\n \"Why Aren’t the Olympics More Like This? Katie Ledecky swam a lap while balancing a full glass of milk on her head. Perhaps this should be its own sport?\",\n \"Anti-Abortion Centers Received Millions of Dollars in COVID Bailout Funds Religiously affiliated crisis pregnancy centers have received between $4 million and $10 million, according to a new report.\",\n \"Things Are Going to Get So Much Worse The policies that have barely kept Americans afloat are coming to an end. What will we do now?\",\n \"A Dating Show With Actual Love? Love on the Spectrum is a new addition to a genre so frequently and oddly devoid of affection.\",\n \"The U.S. Reported Nearly 2 Million New COVID-19 Cases Last Month Over the past week, there have been an average of more than 61,000 new cases per day.\",\n \"A Black Teen Jailed for Not Doing Her Schoolwork Is Now Free The 15-year-old girl, who struggles with ADHD and a mood disorder, was detained for nearly 80 days.\",\n \"Why Are Parents So Bad At Teaching Their Own Kids? The intimate relationship between parent and child can make remote learning uniquely stressful.\",\n \"I Think About This a Lot: What Happened to Casper the Friendly Ghost? Was he trapped in existential limbo or just bad at his job?\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Re-create the “Wet Hair” Look That’s Everywhere\\n\\nPlease read our updated Privacy Notice and Terms of Use, effective on December\\n19, 2019.\\n\\n * Share\\n * Tweet\\n * Pin It\\n\\n+Comments Leave a Comment\\n\\nOct. 19, 2016\\n\\n# The ‘Wet Hair’ Look That’s Everywhere Is Easy to Re-create for Any Texture\\n\\nBy Ashley Weatherford\\n\\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\\n\\nWet hair is making a splash. It made a few appearances on the runway this\\nseason, including the drenched ends at Altuzarra and the slicked-back hair at\\nBalmain. But even before then, there was Kim Kardashian at the VMAs this year\\nand Beyoncé at the VMAs several years ago.\\n\\nSo how can you master the look at home? “Don’t use water, but loads of wax and\\ngel instead,” says hairstylist Cesar Ramirez, who styles the likes of Ciara\\nand Kim Kardashian. Water may make hair look wet, but the effect is only\\ntemporary. “Only use it when you’re at the end of your hairstyle and want to\\ngo one more day without washing,” he adds.\\n\\nUnlike other trendy styles, the wet hair look is amenable to any hair texture,\\nand to demonstrate, the Cut enlisted five women with different hair types to\\ntest-drive the watery look. For naturally straight hair, Ramirez suggests\\nraking wax, which is slightly thicker than a gel and not water-based, through\\nthe roots and around the pieces that frame your face to shape and volumize. On\\nthe ends, he says, you should use a gel, which will stiffen as it dries and\\nprevent frays.\\n\\nThere are a few ways to approach curly hair. For waves, start with blow-dried\\nhair and then work Mizani’s wax in sections throughout hair (Mizani calls\\ntheir wax a gel, but it is not, Ramirez clarifies.) Don’t use a gel, as the\\nwater in most gels will take straightened hairs right back to their curly\\nstate. You’ll want to use enough wax to completely drench your hair and then\\nscrunch strands lightly to create waves.\\n\\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\\n\\nIf your hair is curly and you’d like to keep it that way, employ the help of a\\nleave-in conditioner, like Mizani’s 25 Miracle Leave-In, Ramirez suggests.\\nAfter misting hair with the spray, work a heaping amount of gel into hair to\\nlock curls in place.\\n\\nIt’s important to note that no matter what your texture, the style won’t last\\nmore than a day. But on that day, you’ll look like the sleekest thing in town.\\n\\nStyling: Shiona Turini; Beauty editor: Kathleen Hou; Hair: Cesar Ramirez;\\nMakeup: Sierra Min\\n\\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\\n\\n## Ashley Weatherford\\n\\nAcne Studios Copper Red Dress, $750 at 33 Greene St.; (212) 334-8345; Tiffany\\n& Co. Elsa Peretti Snake Earrings in 18k Gold, $2,100 at Tiffany & Co..\\n\\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\\n\\n## Madison White\\n\\nNili Lotan Black Short Cami Dress, $545 at Nili Lotan; Jennifer Fisher Brass\\nLarge Cuff, $545 at Jennifer Fisher; Ana Khouri Diamond Matilde Earring,\\n$5,720 at Dover Street Market New York, 160 Lexington Avenue; (646) 837-7750.\\n\\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\\n\\n## Ha-Tien Nguyen\\n\\nAlexander Wang Flared Cami Dress, $1895 at Alexander Wang; Tiffany & Co.\\nTiffany ‘T’ Wire Hoop Earrings in 18k White Gold with Diamonds, $5,600 a\\nTiffany & Co.; Anna Sheffield Pavé Pointe Stud Earrings, $1,400 at Anna\\nSheffield.\\n\\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\\n\\n## Emely Grullon\\n\\nMaiyet Arc Slip Dress, $512 at Net-a-Porter; Cartier Panthere de Cartier\\nEarrings, 18k Yellow Gold, Tsavorite, Garnets, Onyx and Diamonds, $24,900 at\\n653 Fifth Ave.; (212) 446-3400; Jennifer Fisher 14k Yellow Gold White Diamond\\nMomma Cuff, $5,300 at Jennifer Fisher.\\n\\n## Rajni Jacques\\n\\nOff-White c/o Virgil Abloh Pleat Dress, $1679 at Off-White; Ana Kouri Diamond\\nand Emerald Gertrude Earrring, $4,040, at Moda Operandi; Dior Fine Jewelry\\nDiorama Precieuse Earrings in Yellow Gold, $14,300 at 21 East 57th St; (212)\\n931-2950; Jennifer Fisher Brass Silver Large Cuff, $425 at Jennifer Fisher.\\n\\n## Tags:\\n\\n * beauty\\n * wet hair\\n * beyonce\\n * kim kardashian\\n * hair\\n * More\\n\\nHow to Re-create the ‘Wet Hair’ Look That’s Everywhere\\n\\n## Most Viewed Stories\\n\\n 1. Oh No, Someone Planted the Mystery Seeds\\n 2. Madame Clairevoyant: Horoscopes for the Week of August 3\\n 3. I Think About This a Lot: When a Feminist Artist Dragged Overgrown Skaters\\n 4. Things Are Going to Get So Much Worse\\n 5. It’s Happening Again\\n\\n## Best of The Cut\\n\\n * What We Know About the Killing of Elijah McClain\\n * Life Events: A Novel Excerpt\\n * The Poison of Male Incivility\\n * ‘We Saw This Problem Coming’\\n * There’s a Divide in Even the Closest Interracial Friendships\\n\\nSee All\\n\\n## Promoted links by Taboola\\n\\n## The Latest\\n\\ncrime 8:09 p.m.\\n\\nFoodgod Reportedly Robbed at Gunpoint Jonathan Cheban says an armed man stole\\nhis watch in New Jersey over the weekend.\\n\\nmore milk 6:14 p.m.\\n\\nWhy Aren’t the Olympics More Like This? Katie Ledecky swam a lap while\\nbalancing a full glass of milk on her head. Perhaps this should be its own\\nsport?\\n\\nshitstorms 5:32 p.m.\\n\\nIn 2020, We Are All This Beetle Just looking for an escape out the back door.\\n\\ngone sale-ing 5:28 p.m.\\n\\nA Flash Sale for Two Really Good Causes Over 35 brands at 80 percent off\\nbenefitting Baby2Baby and Know Your Rights Camp.\\n\\nfashion 4:58 p.m.\\n\\nThe Many Meanings of One Chinese Word Prada Mode’s next venture is in Shanghai\\nwith director Jia Zhangke.\\n\\nreproductive rights 3:54 p.m.\\n\\nAnti-Abortion Centers Received Millions of Dollars in COVID Bailout Funds\\nReligiously affiliated crisis pregnancy centers have received between $4\\nmillion and $10 million, according to a new report.\\n\\nscent memories 3:42 p.m.\\n\\nFor This Creative Director, Success Smells Like Sandalwood Victor Sanz of\\ntravel brand TUMI shares his favorite scents.\\n\\nbeywatch 3:40 p.m.\\n\\nBeyoncé Wore So Many Black Designers in Black Is King Here are some of their\\nstandout looks.\\n\\nBy Andrew Nguyen\\n\\nunemployment 3:17 p.m.\\n\\nThings Are Going to Get So Much Worse The policies that have barely kept\\nAmericans afloat are coming to an end. What will we do now?\\n\\nsure why not 3:05 p.m.\\n\\nYou Can Try Tatcha’s New Cleanser in ‘Animal Crossing’ Your little mini-me is\\nabout to be so dewy.\\n\\nrecommendations 2:53 p.m.\\n\\nA Dating Show With Actual Love? Love on the Spectrum is a new addition to a\\ngenre so frequently and oddly devoid of affection.\\n\\nthe truth is out there 12:48 p.m.\\n\\nUFOs Are All We’ve Got Does being stuck at home mean more people are paying\\nattention to the sky?\\n\\nBy Katie Heaney\\n\\ncoronavirus 12:15 p.m.\\n\\nThe U.S. Reported Nearly 2 Million New COVID-19 Cases Last Month Over the past\\nweek, there have been an average of more than 61,000 new cases per day.\\n\\npower 11:28 a.m.\\n\\nA Black Teen Jailed for Not Doing Her Schoolwork Is Now Free The 15-year-old\\ngirl, who struggles with ADHD and a mood disorder, was detained for nearly 80\\ndays.\\n\\neducation 11:05 a.m.\\n\\nWhy Are Parents So Bad At Teaching Their Own Kids? The intimate relationship\\nbetween parent and child can make remote learning uniquely stressful.\\n\\nBy Anna Silman\\n\\ndomestic violence 10:30 a.m.\\n\\n‘Oh My God, What If He Finds Me?’ Living through the pandemic in domestic\\nviolence shelters.\\n\\nbooks 10:08 a.m.\\n\\nThe New Twilight Book Sounds Stressful As Hell The deeply anxiety-provoking\\nglimpse into a vampire’s consciousness we all need?\\n\\nfiction 9:31 a.m.\\n\\nLuster “Then I remember his wife, the coaster eases downwards, and we fall.”\\n\\nBy Raven Leilani\\n\\nfixations 8:00 a.m.\\n\\nI Think About This a Lot: What Happened to Casper the Friendly Ghost? Was he\\ntrapped in existential limbo or just bad at his job?\\n\\nBy Jennifer Byrne\\n\\ngallery 8:00 a.m.\\n\\nThe Look Book Goes to Pace Gallery In East Hampton, where Sotheby’s, Michael\\nWerner, and Skarstedt have also opened temporary spaces nearby.\\n\\nBy Jane Starr Drinkard and Brock Colyar\\n\\nMore Stories\\n\\n * Style\\n * Self\\n * Culture\\n * Power\\n\\n * Newsletters\\n * About Us\\n * Contact\\n * Help\\n * We’re Hiring\\n * Press\\n * Trademark\\n * Privacy\\n * Terms\\n * Ad Choices\\n * Do Not Sell My Info\\n\\nThe Cut is a Vox Media Network. © 2020 Vox Media, Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":387,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":3227213,"string":"3,227,213"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Get Rid of Ladybugs"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To get rid of ladybugs, spray any ladybugs that you encounter with soapy water. To deter ladybugs from coming into your home, mist your external doorways and window frames with citronella or citrus oil. If any ladybugs get trapped inside of your home, turn your vacuum on and use the hose attachment to suck the bugs up before releasing them outside. You can also make a ladybug trap. Fill a small bowl with water and a drop of dish soap and pace the bowl in a light area, such as next to a window or a bright lamp. The ladybugs will land in the water as they are drawn to the light. To keep them away from your garden, plant mums since mums smell terrible to ladybugs and irritate them. To prevent ladybugs from getting inside, install weather stripping and use silicone caulk to fill any gaps around your doors and windows. Keep in mind, ladybugs are actually good for gardens and yards since they feed on obnoxious aphids and other plant-eating pests."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20171108145357/http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210730151951/https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/pests/asian-lady-beetle","http://web.archive.org/web/20210506194111/https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210419065428/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210514194947/https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171108145357/http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210730151951/https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/pests/asian-lady-beetle\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506194111/https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210419065428/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514194947/https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":-1,"string":"-1"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171108145357/http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands. What's going on?","passages":["God, dare I say it, missed a trick when He unleashed plagues of locusts, lice, frogs and the rest on Egypt all those years ago. Britain's new pestilence is a cannibalistic and highly promiscuous species of the humble, sweet ladybird that is a native of Asia.","Harlequin ladybirds, as they are known because they come in a confusing variety of colours and designs, have already flourished in our parks and woods. And, thanks to an absence of their natural predators, they are now making moves on our homes. The really bad news is that they plan to settle in for the long, cold winter – in their thousands. If you've been picking them off your window sills in batches of five or 10, be warned: this might just be the beginning.","Scaremongering rhetoric you might think, but Matt Shardlow of Buglife, the trust that speaks up for all of Britain's invertebrates, has been answering the phone this week to worried callers whose homes are overrun with ladybirds. When I ask him if he might be overstating the case, just a little bit, he points out that I wouldn't think so if I had armies of insects marching on my kitchen.","\"What these people are experiencing is a Hitchcockian The Birds sensation, where thousands of ladybirds are trying to get into their houses. We've probably had more concern about harlequins in the last two weeks than we had in the whole of last year,\" he says.","Although the first harlequins to hit these shores were discovered in Essex in September 2004, they have since spread to Durham, Cornwall and Wales, and have made a start on the process that entomologists have feared – the ousting of our native ladybirds.","Professor Michael Majerus, a Cambridge ladybird expert, predicted three years ago that their numbers would mushroom having watched their rapid development in the US. The American agricultural industry made the mistake of importing harlequins in the late 1980s as a form of pest control, to eat the aphids on crops. Once the bugs had exhausted the aphids they turned their attention to other species of ladybird, as well as and fruit and grape vines, before looking for a nice place to \"over-winter\". The problem is, once they discover a cosy spot to bed down in during the cold months, they let off pheromones to signal to all their friends to come and join them.","\"I love ladybirds,\" says Majerus, who is Professor of Evolution at the Cambridge University's genetics department, \"but I said back in 2004 that they were going to be a significant problem, not just to ecosystems but to people. Three years later I'm sitting here besieged by ladybirds and desperate people. The speed with which it has happened is beyond even what I expected.\"","Majerus asks anyone who finds a harlequin to post it to him. On just one day this week he received an entire post bag stuffed with them, as well as around 40 e-mails about the bugs.","Despite the benign reputation of ladybirds (exemplified by the Ladybird Books slogan \"Everybody loves a ladybird\"), once they form swarms – which were first spotted on the Isle of Wight last November – they can cause substantial damage. \"They destroy wallpaper, curtains and carpets if they're not found,\" says Shardlow. \"And they poo a sticky black substance everywhere.\" Majerus says their reflex blood, the gooey yellow stuff that seeps out of their joints, is the main problem. \"It smells foul, tastes foul, and stains anything.\"","The journalist Annalisa Barbieri has first-hand experience of harlequins in her Suffolk home, and is frustrated that they appear impossible to get rid of. \"We have had swarms of them,\" she says. \"They fly all over the house and settle in huge clusters in the corners of window frames. They also fly at you, and they bite, but you know you can't squash them because they release their orange blood everywhere.\"","Barbieri was quite excited when she first spotted some ladybirds, as she had been trying to hatch some in her organic garden for her young daughter to watch. By the time she realised they were harlequins there were already huge numbers of them clustering around the windows on the outside of her house, and coming in through fissures in the wooden frames. \"I actually started to get quite paranoid that someone had put a biblical curse on me,\" she admits.","\"It was so bad last Sunday I was thinking that I don't want to live here anymore if it gets any worse. But I don't think it will, because winter is coming.\"","A random posting about harlequins on a blog site called Little Red Boat has attracted over 100 comments, revealing how many people living in flats in cities are also being invaded by the spotty black, red and orange bugs.","So what advice can the experts offer people like Barbieri? \"Absolutely none,\" says Majerus, worryingly. \"I will not advocate the use of chemical pesticides. I'm sure a lot of people are stamping on them, Hoovering them up and spraying anything on them that they can find. We would tell people that a better way to deal with the ladybirds is to collect them up and send them to us instead.\"","Barbieri is also reluctant to use toxic products inside her house but hit upon the idea of wiping away the pheromone trail left by the harlequins with a strong solution of white vinegar. She says it is easy to work out where it is because you can see hundreds of the bugs migrating across surfaces to one spot. Otherwise she waits until they are sleeping in their clusters, Hoovers them up and takes the bag to the tip where they are incinerated.","\"People think I'm plucking a number out of the air,\" she says, \"but easily and conservatively I'd say we have got rid of 2,000.\" She says they are quite different to British species of ladybird, calling them \" ladybirds with attitude\". \"I tried to drown one this morning and they're pretty resilient.\"","As well as invading people's homes, harlequins are a threat to Britain's biodiversity. By disrupting the food chain with their apparently insatiable appetite for aphids, they have the potential to affect more than 1,000 types of insects and other organisms. If they run out of aphids to eat, they're quite happy to start munching on their fellow ladybirds instead.","Professor Majerus says around half of Britain's 46 ladybird species are now at risk. In an attempt to hold back the multicoloured tide he is trying to develop a genetically modified mite that he hopes will sterilise many of the female harlequins and begin to control their rocketing population growth.","For now, though, all he can advise is to sit tight and hope for the best. In America one common name for harlequins is the \"Halloween ladybug\", because they start appearing in people's houses at the same time as they're dusting off their vampire capes and scooping the flesh out of pumpkins to make lanterns and pies.","\"They appear in people's houses around Halloween over there,\" says Majerus. \"And they're doing the same over here, literally in their tens of thousands.\"","Help the harlequin cause by visiting www.harlequin-survey.org or contacting the Ladybird Research Group, University of Cambridge, 219d Huntingdon Road, Cambridge","If you've been invaded by any sort of pest you can contact your local authority or a private pest control company to tackle the problem. But if you'd rather engage in some non-toxic bug control methods, here are a few ideas.","Cockroaches can cause considerable damage through chewing, and they also leave a nasty smell via their droppings and the pungent pheromone they release to attract their mates. They feed on decomposing food and are a disease risk. To reduce the likelihood of cockroaches traipsing across your work surfaces, keep food well sealed and your surfaces clean. Boric acid kills cockroaches and they will carry it back to their nests and unwittingly kill their friends as well but take care: it is toxic if swallowed by children, so be careful where you wipe it. Cockroaches also hate catnip, and a quick squirt with soapy water will kill them. You can buy non-toxic traps at www.stopthatpest.co.uk.","The same traps will work for ants, as will soapy water and boric acid. Try mixing a cup of warm water with half a cup of sugar and two tablespoons of boric acid. Soak the solution up in cotton wool balls and place them near any trails you've seen the ants using in your home. Ants are also deterred by cucumber, mint and cloves, so if you leave any of these where you think the ants are entering, they should look for other more welcoming places to live. Peppermint tea bags are also apparently very effective. If you do know where the ants are getting in, try spreading baby powder, cayenne pepper, lemon juice, cinnamon or coffee around the spot to drive them away.","Fleas are usually brought into homes by cats, and your first step should target any infestations on your pets. The simplest non-toxic way to do this is to give them a warm bath and a scrub with some ordinary soap. Boric acid and non-toxic traps are also a good choice here, as is diatomaceous earth. This dust is the fossilised remains of oceanic algae whose shell is so hard and spiky that if the fleas feast on the fine dust, which you sprinkle around your house and on your pets, it will puncture their innards. It is very unpleasant for the flea, but it does work well. You can buy spray bottles of diatomaceous earth at www.greengardener.co.uk.","We use cookies to enhance your visit to our site and to bring you advertisements that might interest you. Read our Privacy and Cookie Policies to find out more.","Advertising helps fund our journalism and keep it truly independent. It helps to build our international editorial team, from war correspondents to investigative reporters, commentators to critics.","Click here to view instructions on how to disable your ad blocker, and help us to keep providing you with free-thinking journalism - for free.","On Adblock Plus click \"Enabled on this site\" to disable ad blocking for the current website you are on. If you are in Firefox click \"disable on independent.co.uk\".","If you are Private Browsing in Firefox, \"Tracking Protection\" may cause the adblock notice to show. It can be temporarily disabled by clicking the \"shield\" icon in the address bar.","Then click the big power button to whitelist the current web site, and its state will be remembered next time you visit the web site."]},"parsed_md":"Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands.\nWhat's going on? | The Independent\n\n 1. * UK Edition\n * US Edition\n 2. * Sign in\n * Register\n\n * News\n\n * Election 2016\n * World\n * US\n * UK\n * Europe\n * People\n * Science\n * Health\n * Business\n * Voices\n\n * Comment\n * Robert Fisk\n * Mark Steel\n * Grace Dent\n * Holly Baxter\n * Campaigns\n * Editorials\n * Letters\n * Sports\n\n * Formula 1\n * US sports\n * Soccer\n * Cricket\n * Tennis\n * Boxing\n * Formula 1\n * Culture\n\n * Books\n * Film\n * TV\n * Music\n * Art\n * Theatre & Dance\n * Comedy\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Food & drink\n * Health & families\n * Love & sex\n * Motoring\n * Student\n * Travel\n * Fashion\n * Tech\n\n * Gaming\n * Tech culture\n * Tech news\n * Video\n\n * Explainer videos\n * News videos\n * People & culture videos\n * Sport videos\n * IndyBest\n\n * Fashion & Beauty\n * Homes & Design\n * Food & Drink\n * Gadgets & Tech\n * Outdoor & Activity\n * Arts & Books\n * Travel\n * Money\n\n * Health insurance\n * Investments\n * Extras\n\n * The Independent Books\n * Puzzles\n * indy100\n * Apps\n * Ebooks\n * iJobs\n * Dating\n\n * Follow us:\n\n 1. Environment\n 2. Nature\n\n# Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands.\nWhat's going on?\n\n * By Sophie Morris\n * Wednesday 17 October 2007 23:00 BST\n\nClick to follow The Independent Online\n\nGod, dare I say it, missed a trick when He unleashed plagues of locusts, lice,\nfrogs and the rest on Egypt all those years ago. Britain's new pestilence is a\ncannibalistic and highly promiscuous species of the humble, sweet ladybird\nthat is a native of Asia.\n\nHarlequin ladybirds, as they are known because they come in a confusing\nvariety of colours and designs, have already flourished in our parks and\nwoods. And, thanks to an absence of their natural predators, they are now\nmaking moves on our homes. The really bad news is that they plan to settle in\nfor the long, cold winter – in their thousands. If you've been picking them\noff your window sills in batches of five or 10, be warned: this might just be\nthe beginning.\n\nScaremongering rhetoric you might think, but Matt Shardlow of Buglife, the\ntrust that speaks up for all of Britain's invertebrates, has been answering\nthe phone this week to worried callers whose homes are overrun with ladybirds.\nWhen I ask him if he might be overstating the case, just a little bit, he\npoints out that I wouldn't think so if I had armies of insects marching on my\nkitchen.\n\n\"What these people are experiencing is a Hitchcockian The Birds sensation,\nwhere thousands of ladybirds are trying to get into their houses. We've\nprobably had more concern about harlequins in the last two weeks than we had\nin the whole of last year,\" he says.\n\nAlthough the first harlequins to hit these shores were discovered in Essex in\nSeptember 2004, they have since spread to Durham, Cornwall and Wales, and have\nmade a start on the process that entomologists have feared – the ousting of\nour native ladybirds.\n\nProfessor Michael Majerus, a Cambridge ladybird expert, predicted three years\nago that their numbers would mushroom having watched their rapid development\nin the US. The American agricultural industry made the mistake of importing\nharlequins in the late 1980s as a form of pest control, to eat the aphids on\ncrops. Once the bugs had exhausted the aphids they turned their attention to\nother species of ladybird, as well as and fruit and grape vines, before\nlooking for a nice place to \"over-winter\". The problem is, once they discover\na cosy spot to bed down in during the cold months, they let off pheromones to\nsignal to all their friends to come and join them.\n\n\"I love ladybirds,\" says Majerus, who is Professor of Evolution at the\nCambridge University's genetics department, \"but I said back in 2004 that they\nwere going to be a significant problem, not just to ecosystems but to people.\nThree years later I'm sitting here besieged by ladybirds and desperate people.\nThe speed with which it has happened is beyond even what I expected.\"\n\nMajerus asks anyone who finds a harlequin to post it to him. On just one day\nthis week he received an entire post bag stuffed with them, as well as around\n40 e-mails about the bugs.\n\nDespite the benign reputation of ladybirds (exemplified by the Ladybird Books\nslogan \"Everybody loves a ladybird\"), once they form swarms – which were first\nspotted on the Isle of Wight last November – they can cause substantial\ndamage. \"They destroy wallpaper, curtains and carpets if they're not found,\"\nsays Shardlow. \"And they poo a sticky black substance everywhere.\" Majerus\nsays their reflex blood, the gooey yellow stuff that seeps out of their\njoints, is the main problem. \"It smells foul, tastes foul, and stains\nanything.\"\n\nThe journalist Annalisa Barbieri has first-hand experience of harlequins in\nher Suffolk home, and is frustrated that they appear impossible to get rid of.\n\"We have had swarms of them,\" she says. \"They fly all over the house and\nsettle in huge clusters in the corners of window frames. They also fly at you,\nand they bite, but you know you can't squash them because they release their\norange blood everywhere.\"\n\nBarbieri was quite excited when she first spotted some ladybirds, as she had\nbeen trying to hatch some in her organic garden for her young daughter to\nwatch. By the time she realised they were harlequins there were already huge\nnumbers of them clustering around the windows on the outside of her house, and\ncoming in through fissures in the wooden frames. \"I actually started to get\nquite paranoid that someone had put a biblical curse on me,\" she admits.\n\n\"It was so bad last Sunday I was thinking that I don't want to live here\nanymore if it gets any worse. But I don't think it will, because winter is\ncoming.\"\n\nA random posting about harlequins on a blog site called Little Red Boat has\nattracted over 100 comments, revealing how many people living in flats in\ncities are also being invaded by the spotty black, red and orange bugs.\n\nSo what advice can the experts offer people like Barbieri? \"Absolutely none,\"\nsays Majerus, worryingly. \"I will not advocate the use of chemical pesticides.\nI'm sure a lot of people are stamping on them, Hoovering them up and spraying\nanything on them that they can find. We would tell people that a better way to\ndeal with the ladybirds is to collect them up and send them to us instead.\"\n\nBarbieri is also reluctant to use toxic products inside her house but hit upon\nthe idea of wiping away the pheromone trail left by the harlequins with a\nstrong solution of white vinegar. She says it is easy to work out where it is\nbecause you can see hundreds of the bugs migrating across surfaces to one\nspot. Otherwise she waits until they are sleeping in their clusters, Hoovers\nthem up and takes the bag to the tip where they are incinerated.\n\n\"People think I'm plucking a number out of the air,\" she says, \"but easily and\nconservatively I'd say we have got rid of 2,000.\" She says they are quite\ndifferent to British species of ladybird, calling them \" ladybirds with\nattitude\". \"I tried to drown one this morning and they're pretty resilient.\"\n\nAs well as invading people's homes, harlequins are a threat to Britain's\nbiodiversity. By disrupting the food chain with their apparently insatiable\nappetite for aphids, they have the potential to affect more than 1,000 types\nof insects and other organisms. If they run out of aphids to eat, they're\nquite happy to start munching on their fellow ladybirds instead.\n\nProfessor Majerus says around half of Britain's 46 ladybird species are now at\nrisk. In an attempt to hold back the multicoloured tide he is trying to\ndevelop a genetically modified mite that he hopes will sterilise many of the\nfemale harlequins and begin to control their rocketing population growth.\n\nFor now, though, all he can advise is to sit tight and hope for the best. In\nAmerica one common name for harlequins is the \"Halloween ladybug\", because\nthey start appearing in people's houses at the same time as they're dusting\noff their vampire capes and scooping the flesh out of pumpkins to make\nlanterns and pies.\n\n\"They appear in people's houses around Halloween over there,\" says Majerus.\n\"And they're doing the same over here, literally in their tens of thousands.\"\n\nHelp the harlequin cause by visiting www.harlequin-survey.org or contacting\nthe Ladybird Research Group, University of Cambridge, 219d Huntingdon Road,\nCambridge\n\nCombat those creepy-crawlies\n\nIf you've been invaded by any sort of pest you can contact your local\nauthority or a private pest control company to tackle the problem. But if\nyou'd rather engage in some non-toxic bug control methods, here are a few\nideas.\n\nCOCKROACHES\n\nCockroaches can cause considerable damage through chewing, and they also leave\na nasty smell via their droppings and the pungent pheromone they release to\nattract their mates. They feed on decomposing food and are a disease risk. To\nreduce the likelihood of cockroaches traipsing across your work surfaces, keep\nfood well sealed and your surfaces clean. Boric acid kills cockroaches and\nthey will carry it back to their nests and unwittingly kill their friends as\nwell but take care: it is toxic if swallowed by children, so be careful where\nyou wipe it. Cockroaches also hate catnip, and a quick squirt with soapy water\nwill kill them. You can buy non-toxic traps at www.stopthatpest.co.uk.\n\nANTS\n\nThe same traps will work for ants, as will soapy water and boric acid. Try\nmixing a cup of warm water with half a cup of sugar and two tablespoons of\nboric acid. Soak the solution up in cotton wool balls and place them near any\ntrails you've seen the ants using in your home. Ants are also deterred by\ncucumber, mint and cloves, so if you leave any of these where you think the\nants are entering, they should look for other more welcoming places to live.\nPeppermint tea bags are also apparently very effective. If you do know where\nthe ants are getting in, try spreading baby powder, cayenne pepper, lemon\njuice, cinnamon or coffee around the spot to drive them away.\n\nFLEAS\n\nFleas are usually brought into homes by cats, and your first step should\ntarget any infestations on your pets. The simplest non-toxic way to do this is\nto give them a warm bath and a scrub with some ordinary soap. Boric acid and\nnon-toxic traps are also a good choice here, as is diatomaceous earth. This\ndust is the fossilised remains of oceanic algae whose shell is so hard and\nspiky that if the fleas feast on the fine dust, which you sprinkle around your\nhouse and on your pets, it will puncture their innards. It is very unpleasant\nfor the flea, but it does work well. You can buy spray bottles of diatomaceous\nearth at www.greengardener.co.uk.\n\nReuse content\n\n## Comments\n\n## Most Popular\n\n## Video\n\n## Sponsored Features\n\n * Follow us:\n\n * User Policies\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Code of Conduct\n * Complaint Form\n * Contact Us\n * Contributors\n * All Topics\n * Archive\n * Newsletters\n * Jobs\n * Subscriptions\n * Advertising Guide\n * Syndication\n * Evening Standard\n * Novaya Gazeta\n * Install our Apps\n\nWe use cookies to enhance your visit to our site and to bring you\nadvertisements that might interest you. 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Federal, state and private entomologists have released the insect at a number of locations throughout the United States in an attempt to naturally control insect pests in trees. There are also several reports of accidental entries from international cargo ships arriving at various port cities, notably New Orleans.","The multicolored Asian lady beetle occurs in many color combinations. Adult beetles are oval and convex, measuring roughly 6 mm long and 5 mm wide. North American populations have a mix of individuals ranging in color from pale yellow-orange to bright red-orange, with or without black spots on the wing covers. The pronotum (top covering of middle body part) is white to straw- yellow with several black spots joined to form two curved lines, an M-shaped mark or a solid trapezoid.","The multicolored Asian lady beetle has four distinct life stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. It also has multiple generations per year. Beetles spend the winter as adults in protected sites. Eggs are laid in the early spring on the undersides of leaves and generally hatch in three to five days. The larval stage lasts 12 to 14 days, and the pupal stage, which takes place on leaves, lasts five to six days. After emergence, some adults can live as long as two to three years under optimal conditions.","Outdoors during the growing season, multicolored Asian lady beetles are beneficial aphid predators and also control other soft-bodied insects associated with trees, shrubs, ornamental plants and agricultural crops.","The beetles are attracted to houses with light-colored exteriors, such as white or yellow, and will often congregate in areas exposed to afternoon sun. Although they will not cause structural damage to houses like termites, they emit an unpleasant odor and can stain walls and fabrics if agitated or crushed. Lady beetles can cause allergies and skin irritations in some people, but are not poisonous or otherwise harmful to humans, pets or property. The beetles do not carry disease, but can bite in rare cases.","Multicolored Asian lady beetles enter the house through small openings around doors, windows and utility access points. In addition, they can enter through siding gaps, cracks and attic vents. Sealing those entry points is the best method of keeping Asian Lady beetles and other pests from entering the home.","Use a high-quality silicone caulk to seal all cracks. To remove beetles in the home, use either a broom and dust pan or a vacuum cleaner. When using the vacuum, be sure to change the bag or empty the canister to the collected beetles from escaping.","Fast-acting, residual formulations of synthetic pyrethroids (e.g., cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, lambda cyhalothrin and deltamethrin) can be applied around eaves, attic vents, windows, doors, siding and other likely entry points for pests.","The key is to start treatments in late September or early October before the beetles enter buildings to overwinter. Once the beetles are indoors (i.e., winter or early-spring), such treatments are ineffective. These sprays serve as a chemical barrier, preventing the insects from entering, so timing and thorough coverage are essential for effective control.","If the beetles have entered, do not use insecticides except for severe cases of large and persistent lady beetle infestations. Indoor pesticide applications have limited effectiveness since large numbers of these insects typically hide in inaccessible areas.","If necessary, residual pyrethroids appear to be the most effective, but they must be applied directly to the beetles or to the surfaces they crawl over. Different companies may market products under a variety of trade names that contain a residual pyrethroid as the active ingredient. If you need to spray, make sure that you use an aerosol insecticide labeled for household insects and do not forget to remove the dead beetles.","Do not use any type of aerosol fogger or “bug bomb” in an attempt to control lady beetles. Such chemical treatments are not warranted. These treatments do not control the majority of lady beetles behind walls and other unseen areas. In addition, the active ingredient in these “bug bombs” has limited effectiveness against the pests. Overuse of these products can lead to unnecessary human exposure. These products can actually increase some indoor pest problems when scavenging pests such as ants, carpet beetles, and larder beetles move in to feed on accumulated dead insects.","WVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action Employer -- Minority/Female/Disability/Veteran. In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). The WVU Board of Governors is the governing body of WVU. The Higher Education Policy Commission in West Virginia is responsible for developing, establishing, and overseeing the implementation of a public policy agenda for the state’s four-year colleges and universities. Reasonable accommodations will be made to provide this content in alternate formats upon request. Contact the WVU Extension Service Office of Communications at 304-293-4222.","To protect the health and safety of our employees and community, many WVU and WVU Extension Service employees are working remotely. While we may not be physically in our brick and mortar offices, we are working hard to assist our fellow West Virginians in all 55 counties. For information about WVU’s efforts, check coronavirus.wvu.edu for more.","In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs)."]},"parsed_md":"Asian Lady Beetles | Extension Service | West Virginia University\n\nSkip to main content\n\nExtension Service\n\nExtension Employees WVU Home\n\n * Home\n * Lawn, Gardening & Pests\n * Insect Pests\n * Asian Lady Beetles\n\n# Asian Lady Beetles\n\nShare this\n\n## About Asian Lady Beetles\n\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) is native to Asia, but\nhas become common throughout much of the United States. Federal, state and\nprivate entomologists have released the insect at a number of locations\nthroughout the United States in an attempt to naturally control insect pests\nin trees. There are also several reports of accidental entries from\ninternational cargo ships arriving at various port cities, notably New\nOrleans.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Description\n\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle occurs in many color combinations. Adult\nbeetles are oval and convex, measuring roughly 6 mm long and 5 mm wide. North\nAmerican populations have a mix of individuals ranging in color from pale\nyellow-orange to bright red-orange, with or without black spots on the wing\ncovers. The pronotum (top covering of middle body part) is white to straw-\nyellow with several black spots joined to form two curved lines, an M-shaped\nmark or a solid trapezoid.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Life Cycle\n\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle has four distinct life stages: egg, larva,\npupa and adult. It also has multiple generations per year. Beetles spend the\nwinter as adults in protected sites. Eggs are laid in the early spring on the\nundersides of leaves and generally hatch in three to five days. The larval\nstage lasts 12 to 14 days, and the pupal stage, which takes place on leaves,\nlasts five to six days. After emergence, some adults can live as long as two\nto three years under optimal conditions.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Damage\n\nOutdoors during the growing season, multicolored Asian lady beetles are\nbeneficial aphid predators and also control other soft-bodied insects\nassociated with trees, shrubs, ornamental plants and agricultural crops.\n\nThe beetles are attracted to houses with light-colored exteriors, such as\nwhite or yellow, and will often congregate in areas exposed to afternoon sun.\nAlthough they will not cause structural damage to houses like termites, they\nemit an unpleasant odor and can stain walls and fabrics if agitated or\ncrushed. Lady beetles can cause allergies and skin irritations in some people,\nbut are not poisonous or otherwise harmful to humans, pets or property. The\nbeetles do not carry disease, but can bite in rare cases.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Control\n\n### Non-chemical Control for Asian Lady Beetles\n\nMulticolored Asian lady beetles enter the house through small openings around\ndoors, windows and utility access points. In addition, they can enter through\nsiding gaps, cracks and attic vents. Sealing those entry points is the best\nmethod of keeping Asian Lady beetles and other pests from entering the home.\n\nUse a high-quality silicone caulk to seal all cracks. To remove beetles in the\nhome, use either a broom and dust pan or a vacuum cleaner. When using the\nvacuum, be sure to change the bag or empty the canister to the collected\nbeetles from escaping.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Chemical Control\n\n### Exclusion of Asian Lady Beetles\n\nFast-acting, residual formulations of synthetic pyrethroids (e.g.,\ncypermethrin, cyfluthrin, lambda cyhalothrin and deltamethrin) can be applied\naround eaves, attic vents, windows, doors, siding and other likely entry\npoints for pests.\n\nThe key is to start treatments in late September or early October before the\nbeetles enter buildings to overwinter. Once the beetles are indoors (i.e.,\nwinter or early-spring), such treatments are ineffective. These sprays serve\nas a chemical barrier, preventing the insects from entering, so timing and\nthorough coverage are essential for effective control.\n\n### Large-scale Control of Asian Lady Beetles\n\nIf the beetles have entered, do not use insecticides except for severe cases\nof large and persistent lady beetle infestations. Indoor pesticide\napplications have limited effectiveness since large numbers of these insects\ntypically hide in inaccessible areas.\n\nIf necessary, residual pyrethroids appear to be the most effective, but they\nmust be applied directly to the beetles or to the surfaces they crawl over.\nDifferent companies may market products under a variety of trade names that\ncontain a residual pyrethroid as the active ingredient. If you need to spray,\nmake sure that you use an aerosol insecticide labeled for household insects\nand do not forget to remove the dead beetles.\n\nDo not use any type of aerosol fogger or “bug bomb” in an attempt to control\nlady beetles. Such chemical treatments are not warranted. These treatments do\nnot control the majority of lady beetles behind walls and other unseen areas.\nIn addition, the active ingredient in these “bug bombs” has limited\neffectiveness against the pests. Overuse of these products can lead to\nunnecessary human exposure. These products can actually increase some indoor\npest problems when scavenging pests such as ants, carpet beetles, and larder\nbeetles move in to feed on accumulated dead insects.\n\nReviewed by: Carlos Quesada, WVU Extension Service Entomology Specialist\n\nAuthored by: Daniel Frank, former WVU Extension Service Entomology Specialist\nLast Reviewed: March 2021\n\nWVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action Employer --\nMinority/Female/Disability/Veteran. In accordance with Federal law and U.S.\nDepartment of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this\ninstitution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color,\nnational origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior\ncivil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). The\nWVU Board of Governors is the governing body of WVU. The Higher Education\nPolicy Commission in West Virginia is responsible for developing,\nestablishing, and overseeing the implementation of a public policy agenda for\nthe state’s four-year colleges and universities. Reasonable accommodations\nwill be made to provide this content in alternate formats upon request.\nContact the WVU Extension Service Office of Communications at 304-293-4222.\n\n#### Lawn, Gardening & Pests\n\n * Garden Calendar\n * Gardening\n * Lawn\n * Master Gardener Program\n * Indoor Plants\n * Insect Pests\n\n * Asian Lady Beetles\n * Bed Bugs\n * Boxelder Bugs\n * Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs\n * Carpenter Bees\n * Cicadas\n * Colorado Potato Beetles\n * Corn Earworm\n * Cucumber Beetles\n * Eastern Tent Caterpillars\n * Fall Webworms\n * Harlequin Bugs\n * Japanese Beetles\n * Lecanium Scale\n * Pantry Pests\n * Plum Curculio\n * Poplar Tree Pests\n * Slugs & Snails\n * Spotted Lanternflies\n * Spotted Wing Drosophila\n * Ticks\n * White Grubs\n * Plant Disease\n * Trees & Shrubs\n * Weeds\n * Lawn, Gardening & Pests Learning Activities\n\n### Learn more about lawn, gardening & pests...\n\n * Upcoming Events\n * News\n * Publications\n * Jobs\n * Contact Us\n\n##### Extension Team\n\n * Extension County Offices\n * Extension Directory\n * About Extension\n * Give\n\nDownload the Garden Calendar\n\nGrow This! Gardening Challenge\n\nTo protect the health and safety of our employees and community, many WVU and\nWVU Extension Service employees are working remotely. While we may not be\nphysically in our brick and mortar offices, we are working hard to assist our\nfellow West Virginians in all 55 counties. For information about WVU’s\nefforts, check coronavirus.wvu.edu for more.\n\nIn accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil\nrights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from\ndiscriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age,\ndisability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not\nall prohibited bases apply to all programs).\n\nFind & Contact a County Office Find & Contact an Extension Program\n\n * Accreditations\n * Web Standards\n * Privacy Notice\n * Questions or Comments?\n\n© 2021 West Virginia University. WVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action employer —\nMinority/Female/Disability/Veteran. Last updated on March 8, 2021.\n\n * A-Z Site Index\n * Campus Map\n * WVU Careers\n * Directory\n\n * Give\n * Handshake\n * WVU Alert\n * WVU Today\n * WVU Portal\n\n * WVU on Facebook\n * WVU on Twitter\n * WVU on YouTube\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506194111/https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs","passages":["It’s true that the ladybugs (or ladybirds, if you’re from across the pond) you want to get rid of aren’t actually lady bugs. Well, they are, and they aren’t. Most of the problems you’re seeing with migration of ladybugs indoors aren’t caused by the native species of ladybugs in your area (though there are those). Most ladybug problems and infestations are caused by the multicolored Asian lady beetle, imported by the government to help reduce the populations of tree-killing aphids. Like may well-intentioned programs, the Asian lady beetle experiment did not go terribly well.","A lot of people harbor the misconception that lady bugs and Asian beetles are pests, or that the Asian beetle is a pest and the ladybug is not. The truth is, neither beetle is a pest; they both feed on aphids, which, if you’re a gardener, you know are one of the most common and most harmful garden pests. Ladybugs and Asian beetles eat aphids. In fact, some gardeners actually have bags of ladybugs shipped to them so they can do a controlled release.","Nevertheless you came here to get rid of ladybugs. Though you can’t ever get rid of ladybugs or get rid of Asian beetles, there are some things you can do to control their migration indoors and their populations outdoors.","There isn’t much of a difference. True, they’re all a different species of insect, but their life cycles and their predatory natures are much the same. Both ladybugs and Asian lady beetles eat aphids and a multitude of different crop-killing insects and mites. Both the Asian lady beetle and the American ladybug are considered tremendously beneficial insects for agricultural purposes. Several beetles were brought to America because they tended to eat aphids that fed on trees, rather than crops and garden vegetation.","Asian beetles tend to come out in the fall, and similar to the boxelder bug, invade for just a few weeks but in very large numbers. Then they are gone for a while, and return in the spring.","The biggest differences between the two is that an Asian lady beetle has an “M” marking on the back of its head, about where its neck would be if it was a mammal. In addition, Asian lady beetles are much more invasive than ladybugs, which tend to live in better harmony with nature.","This article focuses on ladybugs, but in reality, the two are pretty similar if you are trying to get rid of them.!","Perhaps the most common way for ladybugs to get into your home is through a crack in your screen windows or through a screen door that doesn’t properly fit the frame it’s resting in. In this sense, ladybugs get in the exact same way other bugs and grubs do, through a small, tiny gap. Our piece on how to get rid of centipedes, for example, gives very similar advice.","It doesn’t take much of a crack at all to have ladybugs sneak into your home. In fact, relatively new houses that are well-sealed can get ladybugs. If you find ladybugs coming in through your windows or door seals, don’t assume that it is because of a construction flaw — these little beetles are just that good!","Weather stripping is probably the cheapest way to seal screen doors, while a torn window screen will probably require a new screen. Luckily for you, screening is cheap if you choose to repair it yourself, and standard-sized window screens are cheap if DIY window repair isn’t your cup of tea.","Although given the fact you can replace a window screen with a $4 tool, $5 worth of screen, like this one on Amazon, and a bit of time, it’s silly not to give it an attempt.","Don’t forget skylights! Skylights are much more difficult to inspect and maintain. As a result, they tend to have deferred maintenance and gaps that result in bugs getting in.","Some ladybugs are just too stubborn to take the easy way indoors, and instead they will try to get in through the siding of your house. Either inspect and seal the siding yourself, making sure to seal siding that surrounds things like air vents and piping, or have a professional siding company come in and do the job for you.","Either way, preventing the migration of Asian beetles and ladybugs indoors requires that you bar any entrance from outside into your home. You may even want to consider temporarily blocking your roof vents when the weather starts to get colder.","The tiniest of gaps can cause ladybugs to find their way into the cavity around a window or door. A good idea each spring is to seal around any windows and door frames. Gorilla sells a good, all-purpose sealer (here on Amazon) that works in most situations.","Diatomaceous earth is a natural pest deterrent that I’ve been pushing in my articles for quite some time. It comes from fossilized algae that are mined and then eithe refined for medical purposes or bagged for landscaping and pest control needs. The most popular theory regarding diatomite’s effectiveness suggests that it is the microscopically, razor sharp composition of the algae that cut through the exoskeleton of the intruding insect, causing death by dehydration. This strategy of lining the sides of your house with this sediment with diatomaceous earth has been recommended to help control earwig populations, and I would recommend it as a possible way to control ladybug populations as well.","We get it. Not everyone is a fan of using pesticides or insecticides. In fact, we avoid using them whenever we can. But there are some situations when a pesticide is perhaps the most sure and definitive answer to a pest outbreak.","Cornell University suggests that such a pesticide (usually a pyrethrin or pyrethroid) be applied to outside walls and siding, as well as around eaves, attic vents, roof overhangs, and doors and windows. Pyrethrin is one of the most commonly used insectides on the market today, and the variants of it (called pyrethroids) are abundant as well. Usually this is mixed with a carrier substrate which acts as a light adhesive, binding the pyrethrin to the surface it is sprayed upon. Ladybugs that come into contact with the substance die shortly afterwards.","Pesticides usually work best on active ladybugs. They generally don’t work on overwintering ladybugs that are harder to get at, and not quite as active.","I found this trick to be particularly clever. What you do is take the hose to your vacuum and stick a nylon down it, and sealing the nylon to the vacuum hose with a rubber band. What you’ve done, essentially, is to create a filter on the end of your vacuum hose. Then all you do is go around the house on a particularly “fruitful” day for ladybug migration and vacuum them up. They get trapped in the nylon, which is then removed, tied, and throw in the garbage–or you can empty the nylon somewhere far away from your home. This is probably the most effective and least ecologically destructive way to get rid of ladybugs.","Since all of the hype surrounding the spike in the populations of asian beetles (multicolored asian lady bugs) started, a lot of companies have popped up claiming that they have the perfect ladybug control. I can’t advise you to purchase any of these products because I’ve never used them.","Ladybug control in the spring and fall is a lot like boxelder bug control; there is no certain poison designed specifically to kill either pest. Some pest control professionals recommend using ladybug traps in what is called a “push and pull” strategy. Essentially, a toxic chemical is used to push the ladybugs out of the places where they’re hiding and a trap filled with ladybug attractants (usually sold with the ladybug trap) are then used to remove the ladybug.","I assume that this strategy would work from a logical stand point, but again, I’ve never tried it. Though perhaps I’ll purchase a trap for use this spring. Until then, if you want to try some of the ladybug control devices offered, please let me know how they work. I may use your testimonials in a subsequent update of how to get rid of ladybugs.","As I mention in the main text of how to get rid of ladybugs, diatomaceous earth is a perfectly natural substitute for pyrethrins, particularly those that are dusted into crevices or sprayed on the ground to control ladybug populations. If ladybugs really aren’t your cup of tea, you might want to consider using diatomaceous earth in more of your landscaping projects.You can order bags of it at Amazon.","According to a study cited by OSU, ladybugs and asian beetles are extremely sensitive to camphor and menthol vapors. This is good news for those of us with massive infestations; misting those areas where ladybugs are thought to be overwintering may drive them out of their hiding areas where they can be captured.","Since ladybugs tend to be driven toward light when they come out of their hiding places in our homes, instead of letting them sit by the window and fly away when it gets dark, why not put a bowl of water with a dab of soap next to lamps and windows? The drop of soap kills water tension (which bugs rely on to escape when they come into contact with water) and when bugs come into contact with the solution they drown rather than float. It’s worth a shot, right?","Otherwise known as Borax, boric acid has been used as a natural pesticide for quite some time and its application is similar to that of pyrethrins and/or pyrethroids. It is dusted into hard to reach places, or areas where ladybugs and other pests like cockroaches are thought to be hiding. Contact with the substance is necessary in order to kill the invading ladybug, so apply this powder where ever you’re certain they will tread on it. You can get Boric Acid powder from Amazon.","Yes. Each fall, ladybugs start scouting for good places to spend the winter. They usually look for well-protected areas like piles of junk, trees that have crevices or loose bark, and yes, your house. When it comes to your house, they usually find a seam where they can sneak into the siding or roof, and hang out completely unnoticed by you. This is why it is so important to seal your house up.","Then, the first day in the spring when it starts to warm up and you notice a good warm sun hitting your house, you might see ladybug activity.","Most ladybugs are completely harmless. The ladybugs that you and I probably grew up with, the native variety, don’t bite. They are actually quite nice.","As mentioned earlier, though, there are many bugs that are mistaken for or included in the umbrella of ladybugs. Asian lady beetles (we discussed them earlier) can bite. They don’t have venom, but they can give you a little pinch if they land on you.","No, ladybugs might nibble on a piece of fruit or a plant in your garden, but they really can’t make a dent in it or harm the health of the plant.","In fact, most ladybugs are beneficial for plants, because they eat the more harmful insects that are known risks for your garden or plants.","On balance, ladybugs are probably garden helpers because of their ability to eat the pests that are going after the stuff you are trying to grow.","The only place in North America that is not in ladybug range is the Northern 1/3 of Canada and Alaska, areas that are pretty sparsely populated. They are hardy creatures, and in the lower 48 of the USA and most of Europe, ladybugs are common.","There are, after all, 6,000 types of ladybugs, so one of them is bound to be able to survive in your backyard."]},"parsed_md":"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs | GetRidofThings.com\n\n### Site Search\n\nExplore\n\nPests / Beetles\n\n# How to Get Rid of Ladybugs\n\nUpdated - October 19, 2020 / Julianne Ragland\n\nIt’s true that the ladybugs (or ladybirds, if you’re from across the pond) you\nwant to get rid of aren’t actually lady bugs. Well, they are, and they aren’t.\nMost of the problems you’re seeing with migration of ladybugs indoors aren’t\ncaused by the native species of ladybugs in your area (though there are\nthose). Most ladybug problems and infestations are caused by the multicolored\nAsian lady beetle, imported by the government to help reduce the populations\nof tree-killing aphids. Like may well-intentioned programs, the Asian lady\nbeetle experiment did not go terribly well.\n\nA lot of people harbor the misconception that lady bugs and Asian beetles are\npests, or that the Asian beetle is a pest and the ladybug is not. The truth\nis, neither beetle is a pest; they both feed on aphids, which, if you’re a\ngardener, you know are one of the most common and most harmful garden pests.\nLadybugs and Asian beetles eat aphids. In fact, some gardeners actually have\nbags of ladybugs shipped to them so they can do a controlled release.\n\nNevertheless you came here to get rid of ladybugs. Though you can’t ever get\nrid of ladybugs or get rid of Asian beetles, there are some things you can do\nto control their migration indoors and their populations outdoors.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetles vs. Native Ladybugs?\n\nThere isn’t much of a difference. True, they’re all a different species of\ninsect, but their life cycles and their predatory natures are much the same.\nBoth ladybugs and Asian lady beetles eat aphids and a multitude of different\ncrop-killing insects and mites. Both the Asian lady beetle and the American\nladybug are considered tremendously beneficial insects for agricultural\npurposes. Several beetles were brought to America because they tended to eat\naphids that fed on trees, rather than crops and garden vegetation.\n\nAsian beetles tend to come out in the fall, and similar to the boxelder bug,\ninvade for just a few weeks but in very large numbers. Then they are gone for\na while, and return in the spring.\n\nThe biggest differences between the two is that an Asian lady beetle has an\n“M” marking on the back of its head, about where its neck would be if it was a\nmammal. In addition, Asian lady beetles are much more invasive than ladybugs,\nwhich tend to live in better harmony with nature.\n\nThis article focuses on ladybugs, but in reality, the two are pretty similar\nif you are trying to get rid of them.!\n\n## Best Ways to Get Rid of Ladybugs\n\n### Screen doors, window screens, and screened in porches should be inspected\nand properly sealed if you want to get rid of ladybugs.\n\nPerhaps the most common way for ladybugs to get into your home is through a\ncrack in your screen windows or through a screen door that doesn’t properly\nfit the frame it’s resting in. In this sense, ladybugs get in the exact same\nway other bugs and grubs do, through a small, tiny gap. Our piece on how to\nget rid of centipedes, for example, gives very similar advice.\n\nIt doesn’t take much of a crack at all to have ladybugs sneak into your home.\nIn fact, relatively new houses that are well-sealed can get ladybugs. If you\nfind ladybugs coming in through your windows or door seals, don’t assume that\nit is because of a construction flaw — these little beetles are just that\ngood!\n\nWeather stripping is probably the cheapest way to seal screen doors, while a\ntorn window screen will probably require a new screen. Luckily for you,\nscreening is cheap if you choose to repair it yourself, and standard-sized\nwindow screens are cheap if DIY window repair isn’t your cup of tea.\n\nAlthough given the fact you can replace a window screen with a $4 tool, $5\nworth of screen, like this one on Amazon, and a bit of time, it’s silly not to\ngive it an attempt.\n\nDon’t forget skylights! Skylights are much more difficult to inspect and\nmaintain. As a result, they tend to have deferred maintenance and gaps that\nresult in bugs getting in.\n\n### Door frames, window frames, and siding is the next thing you’ll want to\nseal to get rid of ladybugs.\n\nSome ladybugs are just too stubborn to take the easy way indoors, and instead\nthey will try to get in through the siding of your house. Either inspect and\nseal the siding yourself, making sure to seal siding that surrounds things\nlike air vents and piping, or have a professional siding company come in and\ndo the job for you.\n\nEither way, preventing the migration of Asian beetles and ladybugs indoors\nrequires that you bar any entrance from outside into your home. You may even\nwant to consider temporarily blocking your roof vents when the weather starts\nto get colder.\n\nThe tiniest of gaps can cause ladybugs to find their way into the cavity\naround a window or door. A good idea each spring is to seal around any windows\nand door frames. Gorilla sells a good, all-purpose sealer (here on Amazon)\nthat works in most situations.\n\n### Landscaping professionals have noted that lining the immediate perimeter\nof your house with food grade diatomaceous earth will get rid of ladybugs.\n\nDiatomaceous earth is a natural pest deterrent that I’ve been pushing in my\narticles for quite some time. It comes from fossilized algae that are mined\nand then eithe refined for medical purposes or bagged for landscaping and pest\ncontrol needs. The most popular theory regarding diatomite’s effectiveness\nsuggests that it is the microscopically, razor sharp composition of the algae\nthat cut through the exoskeleton of the intruding insect, causing death by\ndehydration. This strategy of lining the sides of your house with this\nsediment with diatomaceous earth has been recommended to help control earwig\npopulations, and I would recommend it as a possible way to control ladybug\npopulations as well.\n\n### A long-lasting pesticide or insecticide can help prevent ladybug\nmigration.\n\nWe get it. Not everyone is a fan of using pesticides or insecticides. In fact,\nwe avoid using them whenever we can. But there are some situations when a\npesticide is perhaps the most sure and definitive answer to a pest outbreak.\n\nCornell University suggests that such a pesticide (usually a pyrethrin or\npyrethroid) be applied to outside walls and siding, as well as around eaves,\nattic vents, roof overhangs, and doors and windows. Pyrethrin is one of the\nmost commonly used insectides on the market today, and the variants of it\n(called pyrethroids) are abundant as well. Usually this is mixed with a\ncarrier substrate which acts as a light adhesive, binding the pyrethrin to the\nsurface it is sprayed upon. Ladybugs that come into contact with the substance\ndie shortly afterwards.\n\nPesticides usually work best on active ladybugs. They generally don’t work on\noverwintering ladybugs that are harder to get at, and not quite as active.\n\n### The Ohio State University Extension office also offers a quick and\neffective way to control ladybug populations indoors as well.\n\nI found this trick to be particularly clever. What you do is take the hose to\nyour vacuum and stick a nylon down it, and sealing the nylon to the vacuum\nhose with a rubber band. What you’ve done, essentially, is to create a filter\non the end of your vacuum hose. Then all you do is go around the house on a\nparticularly “fruitful” day for ladybug migration and vacuum them up. They get\ntrapped in the nylon, which is then removed, tied, and throw in the garbage–or\nyou can empty the nylon somewhere far away from your home. This is probably\nthe most effective and least ecologically destructive way to get rid of\nladybugs.\n\nThis technique actually works great on boxelder bugs, too.\n\nSince all of the hype surrounding the spike in the populations of asian\nbeetles (multicolored asian lady bugs) started, a lot of companies have popped\nup claiming that they have the perfect ladybug control. I can’t advise you to\npurchase any of these products because I’ve never used them.\n\nLadybug control in the spring and fall is a lot like boxelder bug control;\nthere is no certain poison designed specifically to kill either pest. Some\npest control professionals recommend using ladybug traps in what is called a\n“push and pull” strategy. Essentially, a toxic chemical is used to push the\nladybugs out of the places where they’re hiding and a trap filled with ladybug\nattractants (usually sold with the ladybug trap) are then used to remove the\nladybug.\n\nI assume that this strategy would work from a logical stand point, but again,\nI’ve never tried it. Though perhaps I’ll purchase a trap for use this spring.\nUntil then, if you want to try some of the ladybug control devices offered,\nplease let me know how they work. I may use your testimonials in a subsequent\nupdate of how to get rid of ladybugs.\n\n## Best Natural Ladybug Control Methods\n\n### Food Grade Diatomaceous Earth.\n\nAs I mention in the main text of how to get rid of ladybugs, diatomaceous\nearth is a perfectly natural substitute for pyrethrins, particularly those\nthat are dusted into crevices or sprayed on the ground to control ladybug\npopulations. If ladybugs really aren’t your cup of tea, you might want to\nconsider using diatomaceous earth in more of your landscaping projects.You can\norder bags of it at Amazon.\n\n### Camphor & Menthol are apparently very good ladybug repellents.\n\nAccording to a study cited by OSU, ladybugs and asian beetles are extremely\nsensitive to camphor and menthol vapors. This is good news for those of us\nwith massive infestations; misting those areas where ladybugs are thought to\nbe overwintering may drive them out of their hiding areas where they can be\ncaptured.\n\n### Soap & Water Traps\n\nSince ladybugs tend to be driven toward light when they come out of their\nhiding places in our homes, instead of letting them sit by the window and fly\naway when it gets dark, why not put a bowl of water with a dab of soap next to\nlamps and windows? The drop of soap kills water tension (which bugs rely on to\nescape when they come into contact with water) and when bugs come into contact\nwith the solution they drown rather than float. It’s worth a shot, right?\n\n### Boric Acid.\n\nOtherwise known as Borax, boric acid has been used as a natural pesticide for\nquite some time and its application is similar to that of pyrethrins and/or\npyrethroids. It is dusted into hard to reach places, or areas where ladybugs\nand other pests like cockroaches are thought to be hiding. Contact with the\nsubstance is necessary in order to kill the invading ladybug, so apply this\npowder where ever you’re certain they will tread on it. You can get Boric Acid\npowder from Amazon.\n\n## Ladybug FAQs\n\n### Do Ladybugs Hibernate?\n\nYes. Each fall, ladybugs start scouting for good places to spend the winter.\nThey usually look for well-protected areas like piles of junk, trees that have\ncrevices or loose bark, and yes, your house. When it comes to your house, they\nusually find a seam where they can sneak into the siding or roof, and hang out\ncompletely unnoticed by you. This is why it is so important to seal your house\nup.\n\nThey usually congregate with many other bugs, hunker down, and take a nice\nlong nap for the winter.\n\nThen, the first day in the spring when it starts to warm up and you notice a\ngood warm sun hitting your house, you might see ladybug activity.\n\n### Do Ladybugs Bite?\n\nMost ladybugs are completely harmless. The ladybugs that you and I probably\ngrew up with, the native variety, don’t bite. They are actually quite nice.\n\nAs mentioned earlier, though, there are many bugs that are mistaken for or\nincluded in the umbrella of ladybugs. Asian lady beetles (we discussed them\nearlier) can bite. They don’t have venom, but they can give you a little pinch\nif they land on you.\n\n### Do Ladybugs Hurt Plants or Fruit?\n\nNo, ladybugs might nibble on a piece of fruit or a plant in your garden, but\nthey really can’t make a dent in it or harm the health of the plant.\n\nIn fact, most ladybugs are beneficial for plants, because they eat the more\nharmful insects that are known risks for your garden or plants.\n\nOn balance, ladybugs are probably garden helpers because of their ability to\neat the pests that are going after the stuff you are trying to grow.\n\n### Where do Ladybugs Live?\n\nEverywhere.\n\nThe only place in North America that is not in ladybug range is the Northern\n1/3 of Canada and Alaska, areas that are pretty sparsely populated. They are\nhardy creatures, and in the lower 48 of the USA and most of Europe, ladybugs\nare common.\n\nThere are, after all, 6,000 types of ladybugs, so one of them is bound to be\nable to survive in your backyard.\n\nVisit our Facebook Page to discuss this article!\n\nreport this ad\n\n#### Subject\n\n * Ladybugs\n * Alias: Ladybirds\n * Difficulty: Beginner\n * Requirements: weather stripping, diatomaceous earth, sealant, pesticide, vacuum, nylon, rubber band, camphor & menthol, traps, boric acid\n\nreport this ad\n\nreport this ad\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n * How to Get Rid of Asian Lady Beetles\n * How to Get Rid of Flea Beetles\n * How to Get Rid of Weevils\n * How to Get Rid of Grubs\n * How to Get Rid of Japanese Beetles\n\nreport this ad\n\n#### About the Author\n\nJulianne Ragland\n\nreport this ad\n\nx\n\nx\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210419065428/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs (Homeowner's Guide)","passages":["Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice","A healthy outdoor ladybug population is a good thing. Gardeners appreciate their voracious appetite for the destructive likes of aphids and scale, while kids of all ages can’t resist counting the spots on their bright bodies.","Yet too many coccinellidae—especially if they’ve made their way into your living space—is a sign of potential infestation. The little beetles generally enter homes to hibernate over the winter and can multiply by the thousands, ultimately emerging from the wall structure as an overwhelming nuisance. So don’t be lulled by their cuteness! Debug your place with these techniques.","Due diligence is required to send the pests packing. Remove the ones you see inside immediately with any or all of these effective methods.","Notice ladybugs in your domicile? Vacuum them up without delay, then dispose of the bag or empty it outside. You can avoid that messy chore, if you own a canister model with a hose, with this trick: Cut the foot section off an old sock and attach it to the end of the hose with a rubber band. Turn the vacuum on, and the fabric will enter the hose (but not the bag). As you suck up ladybugs, they’ll get caught in the sock attachment—then simply remove the sock and empty it outside.","If ladybugs have infested a dark area, like an attic, use a light trap. Purchase one for about $35 or DIY your own out of a plastic jug, a light bulb, and transparencies typically used for overhead projectors. Once trapped, release the ladybugs outdoors.","If the pest problem is already severe, call a pest control pro to get rid of ladybugs. Over-the-counter insecticides aren’t recommended to control ladybug infestations, but exterminators know what to use and how to use it.","Though ladybugs don’t bite or carry disease, you should avoid picking them up individually with your fingers, or even sweeping them into a dustpan. When stressed, ladybugs secrete their blood, a yellow, smelly substance that can stain skin, fabrics, and painted surfaces.","In fall, ladybugs look for warmth—and your house is an inviting prospect. They’ll enter through any hole, crack, or gap they can find. Keep ladybugs at bay with these preventive measures.","Gaps under doors make an easy entry point for ladybugs. Weather stripping on all doors is an excellent barrier (and it helps keep your energy bill down, too).","Apply silicone caulk to exterior cracks and crevices, in any gaps in your siding, and around window frames, doorframes, and utility pipes. Ladybugs can also enter through cracks in mortar, so if your home is of brick construction, check the pointing and repair with mortar or cement where necessary.","Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites."]},"parsed_md":"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs (Homeowner's Guide) - Bob Vila\n\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\n\nAbout Bob\n\nNewsletters\n\n * How-To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch TV\n * Win Laser Tools from Kapro!\n\n * Lawn & Garden\n\n# How To: Get Rid of Ladybugs\n\n## These insects are cute as can be—until they take over your home! Follow\nthese tips to rid your space of the pretty little pests and keep them from\ncoming back.\n\nBy Jennifer Noonan\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\nA healthy outdoor ladybug population is a good thing. Gardeners appreciate\ntheir voracious appetite for the destructive likes of aphids and scale, while\nkids of all ages can’t resist counting the spots on their bright bodies.\n\nYet too many coccinellidae—especially if they’ve made their way into your\nliving space—is a sign of potential infestation. The little beetles generally\nenter homes to hibernate over the winter and can multiply by the thousands,\nultimately emerging from the wall structure as an overwhelming nuisance. So\ndon’t be lulled by their cuteness! Debug your place with these techniques.\n\n## Banishing Ladybugs from Your Home\n\nDue diligence is required to send the pests packing. Remove the ones you see\ninside immediately with any or all of these effective methods.\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\n### Vacuum with vigilance.\n\nNotice ladybugs in your domicile? Vacuum them up without delay, then dispose\nof the bag or empty it outside. You can avoid that messy chore, if you own a\ncanister model with a hose, with this trick: Cut the foot section off an old\nsock and attach it to the end of the hose with a rubber band. Turn the vacuum\non, and the fabric will enter the hose (but not the bag). As you suck up\nladybugs, they’ll get caught in the sock attachment—then simply remove the\nsock and empty it outside.\n\n### Turn on a light trap.\n\nIf ladybugs have infested a dark area, like an attic, use a light trap.\nPurchase one for about $35 or DIY your own out of a plastic jug, a light bulb,\nand transparencies typically used for overhead projectors. Once trapped,\nrelease the ladybugs outdoors.\n\n### Get professional help.\n\nIf the pest problem is already severe, call a pest control pro to get rid of\nladybugs. Over-the-counter insecticides aren’t recommended to control ladybug\ninfestations, but exterminators know what to use and how to use it.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Keep your hands off.\n\nThough ladybugs don’t bite or carry disease, you should avoid picking them up\nindividually with your fingers, or even sweeping them into a dustpan. When\nstressed, ladybugs secrete their blood, a yellow, smelly substance that can\nstain skin, fabrics, and painted surfaces.\n\nPest problems?\n\nFind licensed pest control experts in your area and get free, no-commitment\nestimates for your project.\n\nFind Pros Now\n\n+\n\n## Preventing Ladybug Infestations\n\nIn fall, ladybugs look for warmth—and your house is an inviting prospect.\nThey’ll enter through any hole, crack, or gap they can find. Keep ladybugs at\nbay with these preventive measures.\n\n### Fix screens.\n\nRepair breaks or tears in all screens and don’t leave doors or windows without\nscreens open.\n\n### Install weather stripping.\n\nGaps under doors make an easy entry point for ladybugs. Weather stripping on\nall doors is an excellent barrier (and it helps keep your energy bill down,\ntoo).\n\n### Seal gaps.\n\nApply silicone caulk to exterior cracks and crevices, in any gaps in your\nsiding, and around window frames, doorframes, and utility pipes. Ladybugs can\nalso enter through cracks in mortar, so if your home is of brick construction,\ncheck the pointing and repair with mortar or cement where necessary.\n\nPest problems?\n\nFind licensed pest control experts in your area and get free, no-commitment\nestimates for your project.\n\nFind Pros Now\n\n+\n\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nTAGS:\n\nHOW TO\n\nPESTS\n\nGARDENING\n\nMore From Bob Vila\n\n15 Eco-Friendly Home Redo and Décor Products\n\nHow To: Get Rid of Aphids\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThese Nocturnal Pests Only Come Out at Night\n\n7 Reasons Not to Buy the Best House You Can Afford\n\n9 Clever Organizing Tools to Help You Cut Clutter\n\n15 Ways to Clean Your House Like a Pro\n\nToo Cool for School: 9 Ways to Bring Home Classroom Style\n\n * Best Bed Bug Spray\n * Best Termite Treatment\n * Assassin Bugs\n * Spraying Insecticide\n * Best Snake Repellent\n * Best Insecticide\n * How to Deter Rabbits\n * House Centipedes\n * Best Insect Repellent\n\n * About Bob\n * Newsletters\n * Contact\n * Advertising\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Info\n\nCopyright © 2021 Acton Media Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514194947/https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house","parsed_text":{"title":"Finding Ladybugs in Your House? HereÍs How to Get Rid of Them","passages":["The ladybug is a notoriously unwelcome guest in homes throughout the South. In cultures across the globe, they've come to symbolize prosperity, and it's been said that finding one of these beetles in your home signals good luck. While the symbolism may seem fortuitous, an infestation in your home can be a pain. If you're dealing with ladybugs in your home, read on for some helpful information about repelling them.","Ladybugs are not known to be harmful to humans, but in large numbers, they're recognized as persistent pests, and they can become a nuisance if they breach the windows and walls of your home.","Ladybugs find their way inside because they're looking for shelters in which to overwinter. That means they're searching for someplace warm and dry where they can wait out the cold season, and our cozy homes are perfect for those purposes. You'll occasionally find only one ladybug wandering around inside, but it's also possible to find many. You'll notice these so-called colonies of ladybugs scattered around your home or clustered together in one space, usually nestled in corners of attics or basements or near doors and windows.","Why the colonies? When one ladybug finds its way inside, it has a way of signaling to others and drawing them indoors too. Adult ladybugs can release pheromones, scented chemical flares sent out to attract other ladybugs nearby. This chemical signal can take the form of a trail, which invites other ladybugs in via the same path the first ladybug used. This can also lead them to cluster in one location in your home.","To keep ladybugs from entering your house in the first place, Terminix recommends winterizing your home: \"Make sure doors have adequate weather stripping and that windows have tight-fitting screens. Caulk all potential openings on the outside of your home. If they never get inside, you won't have to learn how to get rid of ladybugs in the house.\" When winterizing your home, ensure you address any potential entry points and seal cracks so that none are visible. This will keep ladybugs from entering your home.","Terminix also recommends using natural repellents, including scents such as citronella or citrus oil and herbs including cloves and bay leaves. They also recommend planting mums: \"Ladybugs don't like them, so plant mums near windows and entrance ways. The chemical compound found within these plants acts as a deterrent.\"","If you decide to use natural repellents, you may want to prepare a spray bottle so that you can deploy your repellents conveniently. Spritzing the citronella or citrus oil solution recommended by Terminix (above) may help to keep lady bugs at bay.","You can use a vacuum cleaner to remove any lingering ladybugs in your home. If they have expired on your windowsills, hardwood floors, or carpeting, you'll want to vacuum them up so that they don't stain paint or fabric. When dealing with live ladybugs, you can vacuum them up in order to relocate them outside. The suction action of a vacuum cleaner will ensure they don't fly away and make their home elsewhere in your space.","There are plenty of ways to take action and counter a ladybug infestation—both professionally and in a DIY fashion—so keep your eyes peeled, and remember that when you see a ladybug in your home, there's a reason for it, and there's something you can do to keep more from following suit.","MeredithSouthern Living is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. Southern Living is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab All Rights Reserved. Southern Living may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"]},"parsed_md":"Finding Ladybugs in Your House? HereÍs How to Get Rid of Them |\nSouthern Living\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Southern Living\n\nSouthern Living Southern Living\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living Books this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# WATCH: If You Keep Finding Ladybugs in Your House, Here’s What You Need to\nKnow\n\nPlus a few strategies for keeping them out-of-doors\n\nBy Southern Living\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\nThe ladybug is a notoriously unwelcome guest in homes throughout the South. In\ncultures across the globe, they've come to symbolize prosperity, and it's been\nsaid that finding one of these beetles in your home signals good luck. While\nthe symbolism may seem fortuitous, an infestation in your home can be a pain.\nIf you're dealing with ladybugs in your home, read on for some helpful\ninformation about repelling them.\n\n## Are Ladybugs Poisonous?\n\nLadybugs are not known to be harmful to humans, but in large numbers, they're\nrecognized as persistent pests, and they can become a nuisance if they breach\nthe windows and walls of your home.\n\n## Why Are Ladybugs in My House?\n\nLadybugs find their way inside because they're looking for shelters in which\nto overwinter. That means they're searching for someplace warm and dry where\nthey can wait out the cold season, and our cozy homes are perfect for those\npurposes. You'll occasionally find only one ladybug wandering around inside,\nbut it's also possible to find many. You'll notice these so-called colonies of\nladybugs scattered around your home or clustered together in one space,\nusually nestled in corners of attics or basements or near doors and windows.\n\nWhy the colonies? When one ladybug finds its way inside, it has a way of\nsignaling to others and drawing them indoors too. Adult ladybugs can release\npheromones, scented chemical flares sent out to attract other ladybugs nearby.\nThis chemical signal can take the form of a trail, which invites other\nladybugs in via the same path the first ladybug used. This can also lead them\nto cluster in one location in your home.\n\n## How to Get Rid of Ladybugs in Your House\n\nTo counter an infestation, here are a few recommendations.\n\n### Winterize Your Home:\n\nTo keep ladybugs from entering your house in the first place, Terminix\nrecommends winterizing your home: \"Make sure doors have adequate weather\nstripping and that windows have tight-fitting screens. Caulk all potential\nopenings on the outside of your home. If they never get inside, you won't have\nto learn how to get rid of ladybugs in the house.\" When winterizing your home,\nensure you address any potential entry points and seal cracks so that none are\nvisible. This will keep ladybugs from entering your home.\n\n### Use Natural Repellents:\n\nTerminix also recommends using natural repellents, including scents such as\ncitronella or citrus oil and herbs including cloves and bay leaves. They also\nrecommend planting mums: \"Ladybugs don't like them, so plant mums near windows\nand entrance ways. The chemical compound found within these plants acts as a\ndeterrent.\"\n\n### Prepare a Spray Bottle:\n\nIf you decide to use natural repellents, you may want to prepare a spray\nbottle so that you can deploy your repellents conveniently. Spritzing the\ncitronella or citrus oil solution recommended by Terminix (above) may help to\nkeep lady bugs at bay.\n\n### Use a Vacuum Cleaner:\n\nYou can use a vacuum cleaner to remove any lingering ladybugs in your home. If\nthey have expired on your windowsills, hardwood floors, or carpeting, you'll\nwant to vacuum them up so that they don't stain paint or fabric. When dealing\nwith live ladybugs, you can vacuum them up in order to relocate them outside.\nThe suction action of a vacuum cleaner will ensure they don't fly away and\nmake their home elsewhere in your space.\n\nThere are plenty of ways to take action and counter a ladybug infestation—both\nprofessionally and in a DIY fashion—so keep your eyes peeled, and remember\nthat when you see a ladybug in your home, there's a reason for it, and there's\nsomething you can do to keep more from following suit.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Login\n\nSouthern Living\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithSouthern Living is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021\nMeredith Corporation. Southern Living is a registered trademark of Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab All Rights Reserved. Southern Living\nmay receive compensation for some links to products and services on this\nwebsite. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis\nlink opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad\nChoicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a\nmodal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.southernliving.com\n\n## View image\n\nWATCH: If You Keep Finding Ladybugs in Your House, Here’s What You Need to\nKnow\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171108145357/http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands. What's going on?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"God, dare I say it, missed a trick when He unleashed plagues of locusts, lice, frogs and the rest on Egypt all those years ago. Britain's new pestilence is a cannibalistic and highly promiscuous species of the humble, sweet ladybird that is a native of Asia.\",\n \"Harlequin ladybirds, as they are known because they come in a confusing variety of colours and designs, have already flourished in our parks and woods. And, thanks to an absence of their natural predators, they are now making moves on our homes. The really bad news is that they plan to settle in for the long, cold winter – in their thousands. If you've been picking them off your window sills in batches of five or 10, be warned: this might just be the beginning.\",\n \"Scaremongering rhetoric you might think, but Matt Shardlow of Buglife, the trust that speaks up for all of Britain's invertebrates, has been answering the phone this week to worried callers whose homes are overrun with ladybirds. When I ask him if he might be overstating the case, just a little bit, he points out that I wouldn't think so if I had armies of insects marching on my kitchen.\",\n \"\\\"What these people are experiencing is a Hitchcockian The Birds sensation, where thousands of ladybirds are trying to get into their houses. We've probably had more concern about harlequins in the last two weeks than we had in the whole of last year,\\\" he says.\",\n \"Although the first harlequins to hit these shores were discovered in Essex in September 2004, they have since spread to Durham, Cornwall and Wales, and have made a start on the process that entomologists have feared – the ousting of our native ladybirds.\",\n \"Professor Michael Majerus, a Cambridge ladybird expert, predicted three years ago that their numbers would mushroom having watched their rapid development in the US. The American agricultural industry made the mistake of importing harlequins in the late 1980s as a form of pest control, to eat the aphids on crops. Once the bugs had exhausted the aphids they turned their attention to other species of ladybird, as well as and fruit and grape vines, before looking for a nice place to \\\"over-winter\\\". The problem is, once they discover a cosy spot to bed down in during the cold months, they let off pheromones to signal to all their friends to come and join them.\",\n \"\\\"I love ladybirds,\\\" says Majerus, who is Professor of Evolution at the Cambridge University's genetics department, \\\"but I said back in 2004 that they were going to be a significant problem, not just to ecosystems but to people. Three years later I'm sitting here besieged by ladybirds and desperate people. The speed with which it has happened is beyond even what I expected.\\\"\",\n \"Majerus asks anyone who finds a harlequin to post it to him. On just one day this week he received an entire post bag stuffed with them, as well as around 40 e-mails about the bugs.\",\n \"Despite the benign reputation of ladybirds (exemplified by the Ladybird Books slogan \\\"Everybody loves a ladybird\\\"), once they form swarms – which were first spotted on the Isle of Wight last November – they can cause substantial damage. \\\"They destroy wallpaper, curtains and carpets if they're not found,\\\" says Shardlow. \\\"And they poo a sticky black substance everywhere.\\\" Majerus says their reflex blood, the gooey yellow stuff that seeps out of their joints, is the main problem. \\\"It smells foul, tastes foul, and stains anything.\\\"\",\n \"The journalist Annalisa Barbieri has first-hand experience of harlequins in her Suffolk home, and is frustrated that they appear impossible to get rid of. \\\"We have had swarms of them,\\\" she says. \\\"They fly all over the house and settle in huge clusters in the corners of window frames. They also fly at you, and they bite, but you know you can't squash them because they release their orange blood everywhere.\\\"\",\n \"Barbieri was quite excited when she first spotted some ladybirds, as she had been trying to hatch some in her organic garden for her young daughter to watch. By the time she realised they were harlequins there were already huge numbers of them clustering around the windows on the outside of her house, and coming in through fissures in the wooden frames. \\\"I actually started to get quite paranoid that someone had put a biblical curse on me,\\\" she admits.\",\n \"\\\"It was so bad last Sunday I was thinking that I don't want to live here anymore if it gets any worse. But I don't think it will, because winter is coming.\\\"\",\n \"A random posting about harlequins on a blog site called Little Red Boat has attracted over 100 comments, revealing how many people living in flats in cities are also being invaded by the spotty black, red and orange bugs.\",\n \"So what advice can the experts offer people like Barbieri? \\\"Absolutely none,\\\" says Majerus, worryingly. \\\"I will not advocate the use of chemical pesticides. I'm sure a lot of people are stamping on them, Hoovering them up and spraying anything on them that they can find. We would tell people that a better way to deal with the ladybirds is to collect them up and send them to us instead.\\\"\",\n \"Barbieri is also reluctant to use toxic products inside her house but hit upon the idea of wiping away the pheromone trail left by the harlequins with a strong solution of white vinegar. She says it is easy to work out where it is because you can see hundreds of the bugs migrating across surfaces to one spot. Otherwise she waits until they are sleeping in their clusters, Hoovers them up and takes the bag to the tip where they are incinerated.\",\n \"\\\"People think I'm plucking a number out of the air,\\\" she says, \\\"but easily and conservatively I'd say we have got rid of 2,000.\\\" She says they are quite different to British species of ladybird, calling them \\\" ladybirds with attitude\\\". \\\"I tried to drown one this morning and they're pretty resilient.\\\"\",\n \"As well as invading people's homes, harlequins are a threat to Britain's biodiversity. By disrupting the food chain with their apparently insatiable appetite for aphids, they have the potential to affect more than 1,000 types of insects and other organisms. If they run out of aphids to eat, they're quite happy to start munching on their fellow ladybirds instead.\",\n \"Professor Majerus says around half of Britain's 46 ladybird species are now at risk. In an attempt to hold back the multicoloured tide he is trying to develop a genetically modified mite that he hopes will sterilise many of the female harlequins and begin to control their rocketing population growth.\",\n \"For now, though, all he can advise is to sit tight and hope for the best. In America one common name for harlequins is the \\\"Halloween ladybug\\\", because they start appearing in people's houses at the same time as they're dusting off their vampire capes and scooping the flesh out of pumpkins to make lanterns and pies.\",\n \"\\\"They appear in people's houses around Halloween over there,\\\" says Majerus. \\\"And they're doing the same over here, literally in their tens of thousands.\\\"\",\n \"Help the harlequin cause by visiting www.harlequin-survey.org or contacting the Ladybird Research Group, University of Cambridge, 219d Huntingdon Road, Cambridge\",\n \"If you've been invaded by any sort of pest you can contact your local authority or a private pest control company to tackle the problem. But if you'd rather engage in some non-toxic bug control methods, here are a few ideas.\",\n \"Cockroaches can cause considerable damage through chewing, and they also leave a nasty smell via their droppings and the pungent pheromone they release to attract their mates. They feed on decomposing food and are a disease risk. To reduce the likelihood of cockroaches traipsing across your work surfaces, keep food well sealed and your surfaces clean. Boric acid kills cockroaches and they will carry it back to their nests and unwittingly kill their friends as well but take care: it is toxic if swallowed by children, so be careful where you wipe it. Cockroaches also hate catnip, and a quick squirt with soapy water will kill them. You can buy non-toxic traps at www.stopthatpest.co.uk.\",\n \"The same traps will work for ants, as will soapy water and boric acid. Try mixing a cup of warm water with half a cup of sugar and two tablespoons of boric acid. Soak the solution up in cotton wool balls and place them near any trails you've seen the ants using in your home. Ants are also deterred by cucumber, mint and cloves, so if you leave any of these where you think the ants are entering, they should look for other more welcoming places to live. Peppermint tea bags are also apparently very effective. If you do know where the ants are getting in, try spreading baby powder, cayenne pepper, lemon juice, cinnamon or coffee around the spot to drive them away.\",\n \"Fleas are usually brought into homes by cats, and your first step should target any infestations on your pets. The simplest non-toxic way to do this is to give them a warm bath and a scrub with some ordinary soap. Boric acid and non-toxic traps are also a good choice here, as is diatomaceous earth. This dust is the fossilised remains of oceanic algae whose shell is so hard and spiky that if the fleas feast on the fine dust, which you sprinkle around your house and on your pets, it will puncture their innards. It is very unpleasant for the flea, but it does work well. You can buy spray bottles of diatomaceous earth at www.greengardener.co.uk.\",\n \"We use cookies to enhance your visit to our site and to bring you advertisements that might interest you. Read our Privacy and Cookie Policies to find out more.\",\n \"Advertising helps fund our journalism and keep it truly independent. It helps to build our international editorial team, from war correspondents to investigative reporters, commentators to critics.\",\n \"Click here to view instructions on how to disable your ad blocker, and help us to keep providing you with free-thinking journalism - for free.\",\n \"On Adblock Plus click \\\"Enabled on this site\\\" to disable ad blocking for the current website you are on. If you are in Firefox click \\\"disable on independent.co.uk\\\".\",\n \"If you are Private Browsing in Firefox, \\\"Tracking Protection\\\" may cause the adblock notice to show. It can be temporarily disabled by clicking the \\\"shield\\\" icon in the address bar.\",\n \"Then click the big power button to whitelist the current web site, and its state will be remembered next time you visit the web site.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands.\\nWhat's going on? | The Independent\\n\\n 1. * UK Edition\\n * US Edition\\n 2. * Sign in\\n * Register\\n\\n * News\\n\\n * Election 2016\\n * World\\n * US\\n * UK\\n * Europe\\n * People\\n * Science\\n * Health\\n * Business\\n * Voices\\n\\n * Comment\\n * Robert Fisk\\n * Mark Steel\\n * Grace Dent\\n * Holly Baxter\\n * Campaigns\\n * Editorials\\n * Letters\\n * Sports\\n\\n * Formula 1\\n * US sports\\n * Soccer\\n * Cricket\\n * Tennis\\n * Boxing\\n * Formula 1\\n * Culture\\n\\n * Books\\n * Film\\n * TV\\n * Music\\n * Art\\n * Theatre & Dance\\n * Comedy\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Food & drink\\n * Health & families\\n * Love & sex\\n * Motoring\\n * Student\\n * Travel\\n * Fashion\\n * Tech\\n\\n * Gaming\\n * Tech culture\\n * Tech news\\n * Video\\n\\n * Explainer videos\\n * News videos\\n * People & culture videos\\n * Sport videos\\n * IndyBest\\n\\n * Fashion & Beauty\\n * Homes & Design\\n * Food & Drink\\n * Gadgets & Tech\\n * Outdoor & Activity\\n * Arts & Books\\n * Travel\\n * Money\\n\\n * Health insurance\\n * Investments\\n * Extras\\n\\n * The Independent Books\\n * Puzzles\\n * indy100\\n * Apps\\n * Ebooks\\n * iJobs\\n * Dating\\n\\n * Follow us:\\n\\n 1. Environment\\n 2. Nature\\n\\n# Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands.\\nWhat's going on?\\n\\n * By Sophie Morris\\n * Wednesday 17 October 2007 23:00 BST\\n\\nClick to follow The Independent Online\\n\\nGod, dare I say it, missed a trick when He unleashed plagues of locusts, lice,\\nfrogs and the rest on Egypt all those years ago. Britain's new pestilence is a\\ncannibalistic and highly promiscuous species of the humble, sweet ladybird\\nthat is a native of Asia.\\n\\nHarlequin ladybirds, as they are known because they come in a confusing\\nvariety of colours and designs, have already flourished in our parks and\\nwoods. And, thanks to an absence of their natural predators, they are now\\nmaking moves on our homes. The really bad news is that they plan to settle in\\nfor the long, cold winter – in their thousands. If you've been picking them\\noff your window sills in batches of five or 10, be warned: this might just be\\nthe beginning.\\n\\nScaremongering rhetoric you might think, but Matt Shardlow of Buglife, the\\ntrust that speaks up for all of Britain's invertebrates, has been answering\\nthe phone this week to worried callers whose homes are overrun with ladybirds.\\nWhen I ask him if he might be overstating the case, just a little bit, he\\npoints out that I wouldn't think so if I had armies of insects marching on my\\nkitchen.\\n\\n\\\"What these people are experiencing is a Hitchcockian The Birds sensation,\\nwhere thousands of ladybirds are trying to get into their houses. We've\\nprobably had more concern about harlequins in the last two weeks than we had\\nin the whole of last year,\\\" he says.\\n\\nAlthough the first harlequins to hit these shores were discovered in Essex in\\nSeptember 2004, they have since spread to Durham, Cornwall and Wales, and have\\nmade a start on the process that entomologists have feared – the ousting of\\nour native ladybirds.\\n\\nProfessor Michael Majerus, a Cambridge ladybird expert, predicted three years\\nago that their numbers would mushroom having watched their rapid development\\nin the US. The American agricultural industry made the mistake of importing\\nharlequins in the late 1980s as a form of pest control, to eat the aphids on\\ncrops. Once the bugs had exhausted the aphids they turned their attention to\\nother species of ladybird, as well as and fruit and grape vines, before\\nlooking for a nice place to \\\"over-winter\\\". The problem is, once they discover\\na cosy spot to bed down in during the cold months, they let off pheromones to\\nsignal to all their friends to come and join them.\\n\\n\\\"I love ladybirds,\\\" says Majerus, who is Professor of Evolution at the\\nCambridge University's genetics department, \\\"but I said back in 2004 that they\\nwere going to be a significant problem, not just to ecosystems but to people.\\nThree years later I'm sitting here besieged by ladybirds and desperate people.\\nThe speed with which it has happened is beyond even what I expected.\\\"\\n\\nMajerus asks anyone who finds a harlequin to post it to him. On just one day\\nthis week he received an entire post bag stuffed with them, as well as around\\n40 e-mails about the bugs.\\n\\nDespite the benign reputation of ladybirds (exemplified by the Ladybird Books\\nslogan \\\"Everybody loves a ladybird\\\"), once they form swarms – which were first\\nspotted on the Isle of Wight last November – they can cause substantial\\ndamage. \\\"They destroy wallpaper, curtains and carpets if they're not found,\\\"\\nsays Shardlow. \\\"And they poo a sticky black substance everywhere.\\\" Majerus\\nsays their reflex blood, the gooey yellow stuff that seeps out of their\\njoints, is the main problem. \\\"It smells foul, tastes foul, and stains\\nanything.\\\"\\n\\nThe journalist Annalisa Barbieri has first-hand experience of harlequins in\\nher Suffolk home, and is frustrated that they appear impossible to get rid of.\\n\\\"We have had swarms of them,\\\" she says. \\\"They fly all over the house and\\nsettle in huge clusters in the corners of window frames. They also fly at you,\\nand they bite, but you know you can't squash them because they release their\\norange blood everywhere.\\\"\\n\\nBarbieri was quite excited when she first spotted some ladybirds, as she had\\nbeen trying to hatch some in her organic garden for her young daughter to\\nwatch. By the time she realised they were harlequins there were already huge\\nnumbers of them clustering around the windows on the outside of her house, and\\ncoming in through fissures in the wooden frames. \\\"I actually started to get\\nquite paranoid that someone had put a biblical curse on me,\\\" she admits.\\n\\n\\\"It was so bad last Sunday I was thinking that I don't want to live here\\nanymore if it gets any worse. But I don't think it will, because winter is\\ncoming.\\\"\\n\\nA random posting about harlequins on a blog site called Little Red Boat has\\nattracted over 100 comments, revealing how many people living in flats in\\ncities are also being invaded by the spotty black, red and orange bugs.\\n\\nSo what advice can the experts offer people like Barbieri? \\\"Absolutely none,\\\"\\nsays Majerus, worryingly. \\\"I will not advocate the use of chemical pesticides.\\nI'm sure a lot of people are stamping on them, Hoovering them up and spraying\\nanything on them that they can find. We would tell people that a better way to\\ndeal with the ladybirds is to collect them up and send them to us instead.\\\"\\n\\nBarbieri is also reluctant to use toxic products inside her house but hit upon\\nthe idea of wiping away the pheromone trail left by the harlequins with a\\nstrong solution of white vinegar. She says it is easy to work out where it is\\nbecause you can see hundreds of the bugs migrating across surfaces to one\\nspot. Otherwise she waits until they are sleeping in their clusters, Hoovers\\nthem up and takes the bag to the tip where they are incinerated.\\n\\n\\\"People think I'm plucking a number out of the air,\\\" she says, \\\"but easily and\\nconservatively I'd say we have got rid of 2,000.\\\" She says they are quite\\ndifferent to British species of ladybird, calling them \\\" ladybirds with\\nattitude\\\". \\\"I tried to drown one this morning and they're pretty resilient.\\\"\\n\\nAs well as invading people's homes, harlequins are a threat to Britain's\\nbiodiversity. By disrupting the food chain with their apparently insatiable\\nappetite for aphids, they have the potential to affect more than 1,000 types\\nof insects and other organisms. If they run out of aphids to eat, they're\\nquite happy to start munching on their fellow ladybirds instead.\\n\\nProfessor Majerus says around half of Britain's 46 ladybird species are now at\\nrisk. In an attempt to hold back the multicoloured tide he is trying to\\ndevelop a genetically modified mite that he hopes will sterilise many of the\\nfemale harlequins and begin to control their rocketing population growth.\\n\\nFor now, though, all he can advise is to sit tight and hope for the best. In\\nAmerica one common name for harlequins is the \\\"Halloween ladybug\\\", because\\nthey start appearing in people's houses at the same time as they're dusting\\noff their vampire capes and scooping the flesh out of pumpkins to make\\nlanterns and pies.\\n\\n\\\"They appear in people's houses around Halloween over there,\\\" says Majerus.\\n\\\"And they're doing the same over here, literally in their tens of thousands.\\\"\\n\\nHelp the harlequin cause by visiting www.harlequin-survey.org or contacting\\nthe Ladybird Research Group, University of Cambridge, 219d Huntingdon Road,\\nCambridge\\n\\nCombat those creepy-crawlies\\n\\nIf you've been invaded by any sort of pest you can contact your local\\nauthority or a private pest control company to tackle the problem. But if\\nyou'd rather engage in some non-toxic bug control methods, here are a few\\nideas.\\n\\nCOCKROACHES\\n\\nCockroaches can cause considerable damage through chewing, and they also leave\\na nasty smell via their droppings and the pungent pheromone they release to\\nattract their mates. They feed on decomposing food and are a disease risk. To\\nreduce the likelihood of cockroaches traipsing across your work surfaces, keep\\nfood well sealed and your surfaces clean. Boric acid kills cockroaches and\\nthey will carry it back to their nests and unwittingly kill their friends as\\nwell but take care: it is toxic if swallowed by children, so be careful where\\nyou wipe it. Cockroaches also hate catnip, and a quick squirt with soapy water\\nwill kill them. You can buy non-toxic traps at www.stopthatpest.co.uk.\\n\\nANTS\\n\\nThe same traps will work for ants, as will soapy water and boric acid. Try\\nmixing a cup of warm water with half a cup of sugar and two tablespoons of\\nboric acid. Soak the solution up in cotton wool balls and place them near any\\ntrails you've seen the ants using in your home. Ants are also deterred by\\ncucumber, mint and cloves, so if you leave any of these where you think the\\nants are entering, they should look for other more welcoming places to live.\\nPeppermint tea bags are also apparently very effective. If you do know where\\nthe ants are getting in, try spreading baby powder, cayenne pepper, lemon\\njuice, cinnamon or coffee around the spot to drive them away.\\n\\nFLEAS\\n\\nFleas are usually brought into homes by cats, and your first step should\\ntarget any infestations on your pets. The simplest non-toxic way to do this is\\nto give them a warm bath and a scrub with some ordinary soap. Boric acid and\\nnon-toxic traps are also a good choice here, as is diatomaceous earth. This\\ndust is the fossilised remains of oceanic algae whose shell is so hard and\\nspiky that if the fleas feast on the fine dust, which you sprinkle around your\\nhouse and on your pets, it will puncture their innards. It is very unpleasant\\nfor the flea, but it does work well. You can buy spray bottles of diatomaceous\\nearth at www.greengardener.co.uk.\\n\\nReuse content\\n\\n## Comments\\n\\n## Most Popular\\n\\n## Video\\n\\n## Sponsored Features\\n\\n * Follow us:\\n\\n * User Policies\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Cookie Policy\\n * Code of Conduct\\n * Complaint Form\\n * Contact Us\\n * Contributors\\n * All Topics\\n * Archive\\n * Newsletters\\n * Jobs\\n * Subscriptions\\n * Advertising Guide\\n * Syndication\\n * Evening Standard\\n * Novaya Gazeta\\n * Install our Apps\\n\\nWe use cookies to enhance your visit to our site and to bring you\\nadvertisements that might interest you. Read our Privacy and Cookie Policies\\nto find out more.\\n\\nWe've noticed that you are using an ad blocker.\\n\\nAdvertising helps fund our journalism and keep it truly independent. It helps\\nto build our international editorial team, from war correspondents to\\ninvestigative reporters, commentators to critics.\\n\\nClick here to view instructions on how to disable your ad blocker, and help us\\nto keep providing you with free-thinking journalism - for free.\\n\\nThank you for your support.\\n\\nHow to disable your ad blocker for independent.co.uk\\n\\n### Adblock / Adblock Plus\\n\\n * Click the Adblock/Adblock Plus icon, which is to the right of your address bar.\\n * On Adblock click \\\"Don't run on pages on this domain\\\".\\n * On Adblock Plus click \\\"Enabled on this site\\\" to disable ad blocking for the current website you are on. 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It can be temporarily disabled by clicking the \\\"shield\\\" icon in the address bar.\\n\\n### Ghostery\\n\\n * Click the Ghostery icon.\\n * In versions before 6.0 click \\\"whitelist site\\\".\\n * In version 6.0 click \\\"trust site\\\" or add independent.co.uk to your Trusted Site list.\\n * In versions before 6.0 you will see the message \\\"Site is whitelisted\\\".\\n * Click \\\"reload the page to see your changes\\\".\\n\\n### uBlock\\n\\n * Click the uBlock icon.\\n * Then click the big power button to whitelist the current web site, and its state will be remembered next time you visit the web site.\\n * Then reload the page.\\n\\nThank you for supporting independent.co.uk\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/pests/asian-lady-beetle\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210730151951/https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/pests/asian-lady-beetle\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Asian Lady Beetles\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The multicolored Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) is native to Asia, but has become common throughout much of the United States. Federal, state and private entomologists have released the insect at a number of locations throughout the United States in an attempt to naturally control insect pests in trees. There are also several reports of accidental entries from international cargo ships arriving at various port cities, notably New Orleans.\",\n \"The multicolored Asian lady beetle occurs in many color combinations. Adult beetles are oval and convex, measuring roughly 6 mm long and 5 mm wide. North American populations have a mix of individuals ranging in color from pale yellow-orange to bright red-orange, with or without black spots on the wing covers. The pronotum (top covering of middle body part) is white to straw- yellow with several black spots joined to form two curved lines, an M-shaped mark or a solid trapezoid.\",\n \"The multicolored Asian lady beetle has four distinct life stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. It also has multiple generations per year. Beetles spend the winter as adults in protected sites. Eggs are laid in the early spring on the undersides of leaves and generally hatch in three to five days. The larval stage lasts 12 to 14 days, and the pupal stage, which takes place on leaves, lasts five to six days. After emergence, some adults can live as long as two to three years under optimal conditions.\",\n \"Outdoors during the growing season, multicolored Asian lady beetles are beneficial aphid predators and also control other soft-bodied insects associated with trees, shrubs, ornamental plants and agricultural crops.\",\n \"The beetles are attracted to houses with light-colored exteriors, such as white or yellow, and will often congregate in areas exposed to afternoon sun. Although they will not cause structural damage to houses like termites, they emit an unpleasant odor and can stain walls and fabrics if agitated or crushed. Lady beetles can cause allergies and skin irritations in some people, but are not poisonous or otherwise harmful to humans, pets or property. The beetles do not carry disease, but can bite in rare cases.\",\n \"Multicolored Asian lady beetles enter the house through small openings around doors, windows and utility access points. In addition, they can enter through siding gaps, cracks and attic vents. Sealing those entry points is the best method of keeping Asian Lady beetles and other pests from entering the home.\",\n \"Use a high-quality silicone caulk to seal all cracks. To remove beetles in the home, use either a broom and dust pan or a vacuum cleaner. When using the vacuum, be sure to change the bag or empty the canister to the collected beetles from escaping.\",\n \"Fast-acting, residual formulations of synthetic pyrethroids (e.g., cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, lambda cyhalothrin and deltamethrin) can be applied around eaves, attic vents, windows, doors, siding and other likely entry points for pests.\",\n \"The key is to start treatments in late September or early October before the beetles enter buildings to overwinter. Once the beetles are indoors (i.e., winter or early-spring), such treatments are ineffective. These sprays serve as a chemical barrier, preventing the insects from entering, so timing and thorough coverage are essential for effective control.\",\n \"If the beetles have entered, do not use insecticides except for severe cases of large and persistent lady beetle infestations. Indoor pesticide applications have limited effectiveness since large numbers of these insects typically hide in inaccessible areas.\",\n \"If necessary, residual pyrethroids appear to be the most effective, but they must be applied directly to the beetles or to the surfaces they crawl over. Different companies may market products under a variety of trade names that contain a residual pyrethroid as the active ingredient. If you need to spray, make sure that you use an aerosol insecticide labeled for household insects and do not forget to remove the dead beetles.\",\n \"Do not use any type of aerosol fogger or “bug bomb” in an attempt to control lady beetles. Such chemical treatments are not warranted. These treatments do not control the majority of lady beetles behind walls and other unseen areas. In addition, the active ingredient in these “bug bombs” has limited effectiveness against the pests. Overuse of these products can lead to unnecessary human exposure. These products can actually increase some indoor pest problems when scavenging pests such as ants, carpet beetles, and larder beetles move in to feed on accumulated dead insects.\",\n \"WVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action Employer -- Minority/Female/Disability/Veteran. In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). The WVU Board of Governors is the governing body of WVU. The Higher Education Policy Commission in West Virginia is responsible for developing, establishing, and overseeing the implementation of a public policy agenda for the state’s four-year colleges and universities. Reasonable accommodations will be made to provide this content in alternate formats upon request. Contact the WVU Extension Service Office of Communications at 304-293-4222.\",\n \"To protect the health and safety of our employees and community, many WVU and WVU Extension Service employees are working remotely. While we may not be physically in our brick and mortar offices, we are working hard to assist our fellow West Virginians in all 55 counties. For information about WVU’s efforts, check coronavirus.wvu.edu for more.\",\n \"In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs).\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Asian Lady Beetles | Extension Service | West Virginia University\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nExtension Service\\n\\nExtension Employees WVU Home\\n\\n * Home\\n * Lawn, Gardening & Pests\\n * Insect Pests\\n * Asian Lady Beetles\\n\\n# Asian Lady Beetles\\n\\nShare this\\n\\n## About Asian Lady Beetles\\n\\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) is native to Asia, but\\nhas become common throughout much of the United States. Federal, state and\\nprivate entomologists have released the insect at a number of locations\\nthroughout the United States in an attempt to naturally control insect pests\\nin trees. There are also several reports of accidental entries from\\ninternational cargo ships arriving at various port cities, notably New\\nOrleans.\\n\\n## Asian Lady Beetle Description\\n\\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle occurs in many color combinations. Adult\\nbeetles are oval and convex, measuring roughly 6 mm long and 5 mm wide. North\\nAmerican populations have a mix of individuals ranging in color from pale\\nyellow-orange to bright red-orange, with or without black spots on the wing\\ncovers. The pronotum (top covering of middle body part) is white to straw-\\nyellow with several black spots joined to form two curved lines, an M-shaped\\nmark or a solid trapezoid.\\n\\n## Asian Lady Beetle Life Cycle\\n\\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle has four distinct life stages: egg, larva,\\npupa and adult. It also has multiple generations per year. Beetles spend the\\nwinter as adults in protected sites. Eggs are laid in the early spring on the\\nundersides of leaves and generally hatch in three to five days. The larval\\nstage lasts 12 to 14 days, and the pupal stage, which takes place on leaves,\\nlasts five to six days. After emergence, some adults can live as long as two\\nto three years under optimal conditions.\\n\\n## Asian Lady Beetle Damage\\n\\nOutdoors during the growing season, multicolored Asian lady beetles are\\nbeneficial aphid predators and also control other soft-bodied insects\\nassociated with trees, shrubs, ornamental plants and agricultural crops.\\n\\nThe beetles are attracted to houses with light-colored exteriors, such as\\nwhite or yellow, and will often congregate in areas exposed to afternoon sun.\\nAlthough they will not cause structural damage to houses like termites, they\\nemit an unpleasant odor and can stain walls and fabrics if agitated or\\ncrushed. Lady beetles can cause allergies and skin irritations in some people,\\nbut are not poisonous or otherwise harmful to humans, pets or property. The\\nbeetles do not carry disease, but can bite in rare cases.\\n\\n## Asian Lady Beetle Control\\n\\n### Non-chemical Control for Asian Lady Beetles\\n\\nMulticolored Asian lady beetles enter the house through small openings around\\ndoors, windows and utility access points. In addition, they can enter through\\nsiding gaps, cracks and attic vents. Sealing those entry points is the best\\nmethod of keeping Asian Lady beetles and other pests from entering the home.\\n\\nUse a high-quality silicone caulk to seal all cracks. To remove beetles in the\\nhome, use either a broom and dust pan or a vacuum cleaner. When using the\\nvacuum, be sure to change the bag or empty the canister to the collected\\nbeetles from escaping.\\n\\n## Asian Lady Beetle Chemical Control\\n\\n### Exclusion of Asian Lady Beetles\\n\\nFast-acting, residual formulations of synthetic pyrethroids (e.g.,\\ncypermethrin, cyfluthrin, lambda cyhalothrin and deltamethrin) can be applied\\naround eaves, attic vents, windows, doors, siding and other likely entry\\npoints for pests.\\n\\nThe key is to start treatments in late September or early October before the\\nbeetles enter buildings to overwinter. Once the beetles are indoors (i.e.,\\nwinter or early-spring), such treatments are ineffective. These sprays serve\\nas a chemical barrier, preventing the insects from entering, so timing and\\nthorough coverage are essential for effective control.\\n\\n### Large-scale Control of Asian Lady Beetles\\n\\nIf the beetles have entered, do not use insecticides except for severe cases\\nof large and persistent lady beetle infestations. Indoor pesticide\\napplications have limited effectiveness since large numbers of these insects\\ntypically hide in inaccessible areas.\\n\\nIf necessary, residual pyrethroids appear to be the most effective, but they\\nmust be applied directly to the beetles or to the surfaces they crawl over.\\nDifferent companies may market products under a variety of trade names that\\ncontain a residual pyrethroid as the active ingredient. If you need to spray,\\nmake sure that you use an aerosol insecticide labeled for household insects\\nand do not forget to remove the dead beetles.\\n\\nDo not use any type of aerosol fogger or “bug bomb” in an attempt to control\\nlady beetles. Such chemical treatments are not warranted. These treatments do\\nnot control the majority of lady beetles behind walls and other unseen areas.\\nIn addition, the active ingredient in these “bug bombs” has limited\\neffectiveness against the pests. Overuse of these products can lead to\\nunnecessary human exposure. These products can actually increase some indoor\\npest problems when scavenging pests such as ants, carpet beetles, and larder\\nbeetles move in to feed on accumulated dead insects.\\n\\nReviewed by: Carlos Quesada, WVU Extension Service Entomology Specialist\\n\\nAuthored by: Daniel Frank, former WVU Extension Service Entomology Specialist\\nLast Reviewed: March 2021\\n\\nWVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action Employer --\\nMinority/Female/Disability/Veteran. In accordance with Federal law and U.S.\\nDepartment of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this\\ninstitution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color,\\nnational origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior\\ncivil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). The\\nWVU Board of Governors is the governing body of WVU. The Higher Education\\nPolicy Commission in West Virginia is responsible for developing,\\nestablishing, and overseeing the implementation of a public policy agenda for\\nthe state’s four-year colleges and universities. Reasonable accommodations\\nwill be made to provide this content in alternate formats upon request.\\nContact the WVU Extension Service Office of Communications at 304-293-4222.\\n\\n#### Lawn, Gardening & Pests\\n\\n * Garden Calendar\\n * Gardening\\n * Lawn\\n * Master Gardener Program\\n * Indoor Plants\\n * Insect Pests\\n\\n * Asian Lady Beetles\\n * Bed Bugs\\n * Boxelder Bugs\\n * Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs\\n * Carpenter Bees\\n * Cicadas\\n * Colorado Potato Beetles\\n * Corn Earworm\\n * Cucumber Beetles\\n * Eastern Tent Caterpillars\\n * Fall Webworms\\n * Harlequin Bugs\\n * Japanese Beetles\\n * Lecanium Scale\\n * Pantry Pests\\n * Plum Curculio\\n * Poplar Tree Pests\\n * Slugs & Snails\\n * Spotted Lanternflies\\n * Spotted Wing Drosophila\\n * Ticks\\n * White Grubs\\n * Plant Disease\\n * Trees & Shrubs\\n * Weeds\\n * Lawn, Gardening & Pests Learning Activities\\n\\n### Learn more about lawn, gardening & pests...\\n\\n * Upcoming Events\\n * News\\n * Publications\\n * Jobs\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n##### Extension Team\\n\\n * Extension County Offices\\n * Extension Directory\\n * About Extension\\n * Give\\n\\nDownload the Garden Calendar\\n\\nGrow This! Gardening Challenge\\n\\nTo protect the health and safety of our employees and community, many WVU and\\nWVU Extension Service employees are working remotely. While we may not be\\nphysically in our brick and mortar offices, we are working hard to assist our\\nfellow West Virginians in all 55 counties. For information about WVU’s\\nefforts, check coronavirus.wvu.edu for more.\\n\\nIn accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil\\nrights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from\\ndiscriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age,\\ndisability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not\\nall prohibited bases apply to all programs).\\n\\nFind & Contact a County Office Find & Contact an Extension Program\\n\\n * Accreditations\\n * Web Standards\\n * Privacy Notice\\n * Questions or Comments?\\n\\n© 2021 West Virginia University. WVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action employer —\\nMinority/Female/Disability/Veteran. Last updated on March 8, 2021.\\n\\n * A-Z Site Index\\n * Campus Map\\n * WVU Careers\\n * Directory\\n\\n * Give\\n * Handshake\\n * WVU Alert\\n * WVU Today\\n * WVU Portal\\n\\n * WVU on Facebook\\n * WVU on Twitter\\n * WVU on YouTube\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506194111/https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It’s true that the ladybugs (or ladybirds, if you’re from across the pond) you want to get rid of aren’t actually lady bugs. Well, they are, and they aren’t. Most of the problems you’re seeing with migration of ladybugs indoors aren’t caused by the native species of ladybugs in your area (though there are those). Most ladybug problems and infestations are caused by the multicolored Asian lady beetle, imported by the government to help reduce the populations of tree-killing aphids. Like may well-intentioned programs, the Asian lady beetle experiment did not go terribly well.\",\n \"A lot of people harbor the misconception that lady bugs and Asian beetles are pests, or that the Asian beetle is a pest and the ladybug is not. The truth is, neither beetle is a pest; they both feed on aphids, which, if you’re a gardener, you know are one of the most common and most harmful garden pests. Ladybugs and Asian beetles eat aphids. In fact, some gardeners actually have bags of ladybugs shipped to them so they can do a controlled release.\",\n \"Nevertheless you came here to get rid of ladybugs. Though you can’t ever get rid of ladybugs or get rid of Asian beetles, there are some things you can do to control their migration indoors and their populations outdoors.\",\n \"There isn’t much of a difference. True, they’re all a different species of insect, but their life cycles and their predatory natures are much the same. Both ladybugs and Asian lady beetles eat aphids and a multitude of different crop-killing insects and mites. Both the Asian lady beetle and the American ladybug are considered tremendously beneficial insects for agricultural purposes. Several beetles were brought to America because they tended to eat aphids that fed on trees, rather than crops and garden vegetation.\",\n \"Asian beetles tend to come out in the fall, and similar to the boxelder bug, invade for just a few weeks but in very large numbers. Then they are gone for a while, and return in the spring.\",\n \"The biggest differences between the two is that an Asian lady beetle has an “M” marking on the back of its head, about where its neck would be if it was a mammal. In addition, Asian lady beetles are much more invasive than ladybugs, which tend to live in better harmony with nature.\",\n \"This article focuses on ladybugs, but in reality, the two are pretty similar if you are trying to get rid of them.!\",\n \"Perhaps the most common way for ladybugs to get into your home is through a crack in your screen windows or through a screen door that doesn’t properly fit the frame it’s resting in. In this sense, ladybugs get in the exact same way other bugs and grubs do, through a small, tiny gap. Our piece on how to get rid of centipedes, for example, gives very similar advice.\",\n \"It doesn’t take much of a crack at all to have ladybugs sneak into your home. In fact, relatively new houses that are well-sealed can get ladybugs. If you find ladybugs coming in through your windows or door seals, don’t assume that it is because of a construction flaw — these little beetles are just that good!\",\n \"Weather stripping is probably the cheapest way to seal screen doors, while a torn window screen will probably require a new screen. Luckily for you, screening is cheap if you choose to repair it yourself, and standard-sized window screens are cheap if DIY window repair isn’t your cup of tea.\",\n \"Although given the fact you can replace a window screen with a $4 tool, $5 worth of screen, like this one on Amazon, and a bit of time, it’s silly not to give it an attempt.\",\n \"Don’t forget skylights! Skylights are much more difficult to inspect and maintain. As a result, they tend to have deferred maintenance and gaps that result in bugs getting in.\",\n \"Some ladybugs are just too stubborn to take the easy way indoors, and instead they will try to get in through the siding of your house. Either inspect and seal the siding yourself, making sure to seal siding that surrounds things like air vents and piping, or have a professional siding company come in and do the job for you.\",\n \"Either way, preventing the migration of Asian beetles and ladybugs indoors requires that you bar any entrance from outside into your home. You may even want to consider temporarily blocking your roof vents when the weather starts to get colder.\",\n \"The tiniest of gaps can cause ladybugs to find their way into the cavity around a window or door. A good idea each spring is to seal around any windows and door frames. Gorilla sells a good, all-purpose sealer (here on Amazon) that works in most situations.\",\n \"Diatomaceous earth is a natural pest deterrent that I’ve been pushing in my articles for quite some time. It comes from fossilized algae that are mined and then eithe refined for medical purposes or bagged for landscaping and pest control needs. The most popular theory regarding diatomite’s effectiveness suggests that it is the microscopically, razor sharp composition of the algae that cut through the exoskeleton of the intruding insect, causing death by dehydration. This strategy of lining the sides of your house with this sediment with diatomaceous earth has been recommended to help control earwig populations, and I would recommend it as a possible way to control ladybug populations as well.\",\n \"We get it. Not everyone is a fan of using pesticides or insecticides. In fact, we avoid using them whenever we can. But there are some situations when a pesticide is perhaps the most sure and definitive answer to a pest outbreak.\",\n \"Cornell University suggests that such a pesticide (usually a pyrethrin or pyrethroid) be applied to outside walls and siding, as well as around eaves, attic vents, roof overhangs, and doors and windows. Pyrethrin is one of the most commonly used insectides on the market today, and the variants of it (called pyrethroids) are abundant as well. Usually this is mixed with a carrier substrate which acts as a light adhesive, binding the pyrethrin to the surface it is sprayed upon. Ladybugs that come into contact with the substance die shortly afterwards.\",\n \"Pesticides usually work best on active ladybugs. They generally don’t work on overwintering ladybugs that are harder to get at, and not quite as active.\",\n \"I found this trick to be particularly clever. What you do is take the hose to your vacuum and stick a nylon down it, and sealing the nylon to the vacuum hose with a rubber band. What you’ve done, essentially, is to create a filter on the end of your vacuum hose. Then all you do is go around the house on a particularly “fruitful” day for ladybug migration and vacuum them up. They get trapped in the nylon, which is then removed, tied, and throw in the garbage–or you can empty the nylon somewhere far away from your home. This is probably the most effective and least ecologically destructive way to get rid of ladybugs.\",\n \"Since all of the hype surrounding the spike in the populations of asian beetles (multicolored asian lady bugs) started, a lot of companies have popped up claiming that they have the perfect ladybug control. I can’t advise you to purchase any of these products because I’ve never used them.\",\n \"Ladybug control in the spring and fall is a lot like boxelder bug control; there is no certain poison designed specifically to kill either pest. Some pest control professionals recommend using ladybug traps in what is called a “push and pull” strategy. Essentially, a toxic chemical is used to push the ladybugs out of the places where they’re hiding and a trap filled with ladybug attractants (usually sold with the ladybug trap) are then used to remove the ladybug.\",\n \"I assume that this strategy would work from a logical stand point, but again, I’ve never tried it. Though perhaps I’ll purchase a trap for use this spring. Until then, if you want to try some of the ladybug control devices offered, please let me know how they work. I may use your testimonials in a subsequent update of how to get rid of ladybugs.\",\n \"As I mention in the main text of how to get rid of ladybugs, diatomaceous earth is a perfectly natural substitute for pyrethrins, particularly those that are dusted into crevices or sprayed on the ground to control ladybug populations. If ladybugs really aren’t your cup of tea, you might want to consider using diatomaceous earth in more of your landscaping projects.You can order bags of it at Amazon.\",\n \"According to a study cited by OSU, ladybugs and asian beetles are extremely sensitive to camphor and menthol vapors. This is good news for those of us with massive infestations; misting those areas where ladybugs are thought to be overwintering may drive them out of their hiding areas where they can be captured.\",\n \"Since ladybugs tend to be driven toward light when they come out of their hiding places in our homes, instead of letting them sit by the window and fly away when it gets dark, why not put a bowl of water with a dab of soap next to lamps and windows? The drop of soap kills water tension (which bugs rely on to escape when they come into contact with water) and when bugs come into contact with the solution they drown rather than float. It’s worth a shot, right?\",\n \"Otherwise known as Borax, boric acid has been used as a natural pesticide for quite some time and its application is similar to that of pyrethrins and/or pyrethroids. It is dusted into hard to reach places, or areas where ladybugs and other pests like cockroaches are thought to be hiding. Contact with the substance is necessary in order to kill the invading ladybug, so apply this powder where ever you’re certain they will tread on it. You can get Boric Acid powder from Amazon.\",\n \"Yes. Each fall, ladybugs start scouting for good places to spend the winter. They usually look for well-protected areas like piles of junk, trees that have crevices or loose bark, and yes, your house. When it comes to your house, they usually find a seam where they can sneak into the siding or roof, and hang out completely unnoticed by you. This is why it is so important to seal your house up.\",\n \"Then, the first day in the spring when it starts to warm up and you notice a good warm sun hitting your house, you might see ladybug activity.\",\n \"Most ladybugs are completely harmless. The ladybugs that you and I probably grew up with, the native variety, don’t bite. They are actually quite nice.\",\n \"As mentioned earlier, though, there are many bugs that are mistaken for or included in the umbrella of ladybugs. Asian lady beetles (we discussed them earlier) can bite. They don’t have venom, but they can give you a little pinch if they land on you.\",\n \"No, ladybugs might nibble on a piece of fruit or a plant in your garden, but they really can’t make a dent in it or harm the health of the plant.\",\n \"In fact, most ladybugs are beneficial for plants, because they eat the more harmful insects that are known risks for your garden or plants.\",\n \"On balance, ladybugs are probably garden helpers because of their ability to eat the pests that are going after the stuff you are trying to grow.\",\n \"The only place in North America that is not in ladybug range is the Northern 1/3 of Canada and Alaska, areas that are pretty sparsely populated. They are hardy creatures, and in the lower 48 of the USA and most of Europe, ladybugs are common.\",\n \"There are, after all, 6,000 types of ladybugs, so one of them is bound to be able to survive in your backyard.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs | GetRidofThings.com\\n\\n### Site Search\\n\\nExplore\\n\\nPests / Beetles\\n\\n# How to Get Rid of Ladybugs\\n\\nUpdated - October 19, 2020 / Julianne Ragland\\n\\nIt’s true that the ladybugs (or ladybirds, if you’re from across the pond) you\\nwant to get rid of aren’t actually lady bugs. Well, they are, and they aren’t.\\nMost of the problems you’re seeing with migration of ladybugs indoors aren’t\\ncaused by the native species of ladybugs in your area (though there are\\nthose). Most ladybug problems and infestations are caused by the multicolored\\nAsian lady beetle, imported by the government to help reduce the populations\\nof tree-killing aphids. Like may well-intentioned programs, the Asian lady\\nbeetle experiment did not go terribly well.\\n\\nA lot of people harbor the misconception that lady bugs and Asian beetles are\\npests, or that the Asian beetle is a pest and the ladybug is not. The truth\\nis, neither beetle is a pest; they both feed on aphids, which, if you’re a\\ngardener, you know are one of the most common and most harmful garden pests.\\nLadybugs and Asian beetles eat aphids. In fact, some gardeners actually have\\nbags of ladybugs shipped to them so they can do a controlled release.\\n\\nNevertheless you came here to get rid of ladybugs. Though you can’t ever get\\nrid of ladybugs or get rid of Asian beetles, there are some things you can do\\nto control their migration indoors and their populations outdoors.\\n\\n## Asian Lady Beetles vs. Native Ladybugs?\\n\\nThere isn’t much of a difference. True, they’re all a different species of\\ninsect, but their life cycles and their predatory natures are much the same.\\nBoth ladybugs and Asian lady beetles eat aphids and a multitude of different\\ncrop-killing insects and mites. Both the Asian lady beetle and the American\\nladybug are considered tremendously beneficial insects for agricultural\\npurposes. Several beetles were brought to America because they tended to eat\\naphids that fed on trees, rather than crops and garden vegetation.\\n\\nAsian beetles tend to come out in the fall, and similar to the boxelder bug,\\ninvade for just a few weeks but in very large numbers. Then they are gone for\\na while, and return in the spring.\\n\\nThe biggest differences between the two is that an Asian lady beetle has an\\n“M” marking on the back of its head, about where its neck would be if it was a\\nmammal. In addition, Asian lady beetles are much more invasive than ladybugs,\\nwhich tend to live in better harmony with nature.\\n\\nThis article focuses on ladybugs, but in reality, the two are pretty similar\\nif you are trying to get rid of them.!\\n\\n## Best Ways to Get Rid of Ladybugs\\n\\n### Screen doors, window screens, and screened in porches should be inspected\\nand properly sealed if you want to get rid of ladybugs.\\n\\nPerhaps the most common way for ladybugs to get into your home is through a\\ncrack in your screen windows or through a screen door that doesn’t properly\\nfit the frame it’s resting in. In this sense, ladybugs get in the exact same\\nway other bugs and grubs do, through a small, tiny gap. Our piece on how to\\nget rid of centipedes, for example, gives very similar advice.\\n\\nIt doesn’t take much of a crack at all to have ladybugs sneak into your home.\\nIn fact, relatively new houses that are well-sealed can get ladybugs. If you\\nfind ladybugs coming in through your windows or door seals, don’t assume that\\nit is because of a construction flaw — these little beetles are just that\\ngood!\\n\\nWeather stripping is probably the cheapest way to seal screen doors, while a\\ntorn window screen will probably require a new screen. Luckily for you,\\nscreening is cheap if you choose to repair it yourself, and standard-sized\\nwindow screens are cheap if DIY window repair isn’t your cup of tea.\\n\\nAlthough given the fact you can replace a window screen with a $4 tool, $5\\nworth of screen, like this one on Amazon, and a bit of time, it’s silly not to\\ngive it an attempt.\\n\\nDon’t forget skylights! Skylights are much more difficult to inspect and\\nmaintain. As a result, they tend to have deferred maintenance and gaps that\\nresult in bugs getting in.\\n\\n### Door frames, window frames, and siding is the next thing you’ll want to\\nseal to get rid of ladybugs.\\n\\nSome ladybugs are just too stubborn to take the easy way indoors, and instead\\nthey will try to get in through the siding of your house. Either inspect and\\nseal the siding yourself, making sure to seal siding that surrounds things\\nlike air vents and piping, or have a professional siding company come in and\\ndo the job for you.\\n\\nEither way, preventing the migration of Asian beetles and ladybugs indoors\\nrequires that you bar any entrance from outside into your home. You may even\\nwant to consider temporarily blocking your roof vents when the weather starts\\nto get colder.\\n\\nThe tiniest of gaps can cause ladybugs to find their way into the cavity\\naround a window or door. A good idea each spring is to seal around any windows\\nand door frames. Gorilla sells a good, all-purpose sealer (here on Amazon)\\nthat works in most situations.\\n\\n### Landscaping professionals have noted that lining the immediate perimeter\\nof your house with food grade diatomaceous earth will get rid of ladybugs.\\n\\nDiatomaceous earth is a natural pest deterrent that I’ve been pushing in my\\narticles for quite some time. It comes from fossilized algae that are mined\\nand then eithe refined for medical purposes or bagged for landscaping and pest\\ncontrol needs. The most popular theory regarding diatomite’s effectiveness\\nsuggests that it is the microscopically, razor sharp composition of the algae\\nthat cut through the exoskeleton of the intruding insect, causing death by\\ndehydration. This strategy of lining the sides of your house with this\\nsediment with diatomaceous earth has been recommended to help control earwig\\npopulations, and I would recommend it as a possible way to control ladybug\\npopulations as well.\\n\\n### A long-lasting pesticide or insecticide can help prevent ladybug\\nmigration.\\n\\nWe get it. Not everyone is a fan of using pesticides or insecticides. In fact,\\nwe avoid using them whenever we can. But there are some situations when a\\npesticide is perhaps the most sure and definitive answer to a pest outbreak.\\n\\nCornell University suggests that such a pesticide (usually a pyrethrin or\\npyrethroid) be applied to outside walls and siding, as well as around eaves,\\nattic vents, roof overhangs, and doors and windows. Pyrethrin is one of the\\nmost commonly used insectides on the market today, and the variants of it\\n(called pyrethroids) are abundant as well. Usually this is mixed with a\\ncarrier substrate which acts as a light adhesive, binding the pyrethrin to the\\nsurface it is sprayed upon. Ladybugs that come into contact with the substance\\ndie shortly afterwards.\\n\\nPesticides usually work best on active ladybugs. They generally don’t work on\\noverwintering ladybugs that are harder to get at, and not quite as active.\\n\\n### The Ohio State University Extension office also offers a quick and\\neffective way to control ladybug populations indoors as well.\\n\\nI found this trick to be particularly clever. What you do is take the hose to\\nyour vacuum and stick a nylon down it, and sealing the nylon to the vacuum\\nhose with a rubber band. What you’ve done, essentially, is to create a filter\\non the end of your vacuum hose. Then all you do is go around the house on a\\nparticularly “fruitful” day for ladybug migration and vacuum them up. They get\\ntrapped in the nylon, which is then removed, tied, and throw in the garbage–or\\nyou can empty the nylon somewhere far away from your home. This is probably\\nthe most effective and least ecologically destructive way to get rid of\\nladybugs.\\n\\nThis technique actually works great on boxelder bugs, too.\\n\\nSince all of the hype surrounding the spike in the populations of asian\\nbeetles (multicolored asian lady bugs) started, a lot of companies have popped\\nup claiming that they have the perfect ladybug control. I can’t advise you to\\npurchase any of these products because I’ve never used them.\\n\\nLadybug control in the spring and fall is a lot like boxelder bug control;\\nthere is no certain poison designed specifically to kill either pest. Some\\npest control professionals recommend using ladybug traps in what is called a\\n“push and pull” strategy. Essentially, a toxic chemical is used to push the\\nladybugs out of the places where they’re hiding and a trap filled with ladybug\\nattractants (usually sold with the ladybug trap) are then used to remove the\\nladybug.\\n\\nI assume that this strategy would work from a logical stand point, but again,\\nI’ve never tried it. Though perhaps I’ll purchase a trap for use this spring.\\nUntil then, if you want to try some of the ladybug control devices offered,\\nplease let me know how they work. I may use your testimonials in a subsequent\\nupdate of how to get rid of ladybugs.\\n\\n## Best Natural Ladybug Control Methods\\n\\n### Food Grade Diatomaceous Earth.\\n\\nAs I mention in the main text of how to get rid of ladybugs, diatomaceous\\nearth is a perfectly natural substitute for pyrethrins, particularly those\\nthat are dusted into crevices or sprayed on the ground to control ladybug\\npopulations. If ladybugs really aren’t your cup of tea, you might want to\\nconsider using diatomaceous earth in more of your landscaping projects.You can\\norder bags of it at Amazon.\\n\\n### Camphor & Menthol are apparently very good ladybug repellents.\\n\\nAccording to a study cited by OSU, ladybugs and asian beetles are extremely\\nsensitive to camphor and menthol vapors. This is good news for those of us\\nwith massive infestations; misting those areas where ladybugs are thought to\\nbe overwintering may drive them out of their hiding areas where they can be\\ncaptured.\\n\\n### Soap & Water Traps\\n\\nSince ladybugs tend to be driven toward light when they come out of their\\nhiding places in our homes, instead of letting them sit by the window and fly\\naway when it gets dark, why not put a bowl of water with a dab of soap next to\\nlamps and windows? The drop of soap kills water tension (which bugs rely on to\\nescape when they come into contact with water) and when bugs come into contact\\nwith the solution they drown rather than float. It’s worth a shot, right?\\n\\n### Boric Acid.\\n\\nOtherwise known as Borax, boric acid has been used as a natural pesticide for\\nquite some time and its application is similar to that of pyrethrins and/or\\npyrethroids. It is dusted into hard to reach places, or areas where ladybugs\\nand other pests like cockroaches are thought to be hiding. Contact with the\\nsubstance is necessary in order to kill the invading ladybug, so apply this\\npowder where ever you’re certain they will tread on it. You can get Boric Acid\\npowder from Amazon.\\n\\n## Ladybug FAQs\\n\\n### Do Ladybugs Hibernate?\\n\\nYes. Each fall, ladybugs start scouting for good places to spend the winter.\\nThey usually look for well-protected areas like piles of junk, trees that have\\ncrevices or loose bark, and yes, your house. When it comes to your house, they\\nusually find a seam where they can sneak into the siding or roof, and hang out\\ncompletely unnoticed by you. This is why it is so important to seal your house\\nup.\\n\\nThey usually congregate with many other bugs, hunker down, and take a nice\\nlong nap for the winter.\\n\\nThen, the first day in the spring when it starts to warm up and you notice a\\ngood warm sun hitting your house, you might see ladybug activity.\\n\\n### Do Ladybugs Bite?\\n\\nMost ladybugs are completely harmless. The ladybugs that you and I probably\\ngrew up with, the native variety, don’t bite. They are actually quite nice.\\n\\nAs mentioned earlier, though, there are many bugs that are mistaken for or\\nincluded in the umbrella of ladybugs. Asian lady beetles (we discussed them\\nearlier) can bite. They don’t have venom, but they can give you a little pinch\\nif they land on you.\\n\\n### Do Ladybugs Hurt Plants or Fruit?\\n\\nNo, ladybugs might nibble on a piece of fruit or a plant in your garden, but\\nthey really can’t make a dent in it or harm the health of the plant.\\n\\nIn fact, most ladybugs are beneficial for plants, because they eat the more\\nharmful insects that are known risks for your garden or plants.\\n\\nOn balance, ladybugs are probably garden helpers because of their ability to\\neat the pests that are going after the stuff you are trying to grow.\\n\\n### Where do Ladybugs Live?\\n\\nEverywhere.\\n\\nThe only place in North America that is not in ladybug range is the Northern\\n1/3 of Canada and Alaska, areas that are pretty sparsely populated. They are\\nhardy creatures, and in the lower 48 of the USA and most of Europe, ladybugs\\nare common.\\n\\nThere are, after all, 6,000 types of ladybugs, so one of them is bound to be\\nable to survive in your backyard.\\n\\nVisit our Facebook Page to discuss this article!\\n\\nreport this ad\\n\\n#### Subject\\n\\n * Ladybugs\\n * Alias: Ladybirds\\n * Difficulty: Beginner\\n * Requirements: weather stripping, diatomaceous earth, sealant, pesticide, vacuum, nylon, rubber band, camphor & menthol, traps, boric acid\\n\\nreport this ad\\n\\nreport this ad\\n\\n#### Related Articles\\n\\n * How to Get Rid of Asian Lady Beetles\\n * How to Get Rid of Flea Beetles\\n * How to Get Rid of Weevils\\n * How to Get Rid of Grubs\\n * How to Get Rid of Japanese Beetles\\n\\nreport this ad\\n\\n#### About the Author\\n\\nJulianne Ragland\\n\\nreport this ad\\n\\nx\\n\\nx\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210419065428/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs (Homeowner's Guide)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\",\n \"A healthy outdoor ladybug population is a good thing. Gardeners appreciate their voracious appetite for the destructive likes of aphids and scale, while kids of all ages can’t resist counting the spots on their bright bodies.\",\n \"Yet too many coccinellidae—especially if they’ve made their way into your living space—is a sign of potential infestation. The little beetles generally enter homes to hibernate over the winter and can multiply by the thousands, ultimately emerging from the wall structure as an overwhelming nuisance. So don’t be lulled by their cuteness! Debug your place with these techniques.\",\n \"Due diligence is required to send the pests packing. Remove the ones you see inside immediately with any or all of these effective methods.\",\n \"Notice ladybugs in your domicile? Vacuum them up without delay, then dispose of the bag or empty it outside. You can avoid that messy chore, if you own a canister model with a hose, with this trick: Cut the foot section off an old sock and attach it to the end of the hose with a rubber band. Turn the vacuum on, and the fabric will enter the hose (but not the bag). As you suck up ladybugs, they’ll get caught in the sock attachment—then simply remove the sock and empty it outside.\",\n \"If ladybugs have infested a dark area, like an attic, use a light trap. Purchase one for about $35 or DIY your own out of a plastic jug, a light bulb, and transparencies typically used for overhead projectors. Once trapped, release the ladybugs outdoors.\",\n \"If the pest problem is already severe, call a pest control pro to get rid of ladybugs. Over-the-counter insecticides aren’t recommended to control ladybug infestations, but exterminators know what to use and how to use it.\",\n \"Though ladybugs don’t bite or carry disease, you should avoid picking them up individually with your fingers, or even sweeping them into a dustpan. When stressed, ladybugs secrete their blood, a yellow, smelly substance that can stain skin, fabrics, and painted surfaces.\",\n \"In fall, ladybugs look for warmth—and your house is an inviting prospect. They’ll enter through any hole, crack, or gap they can find. Keep ladybugs at bay with these preventive measures.\",\n \"Gaps under doors make an easy entry point for ladybugs. Weather stripping on all doors is an excellent barrier (and it helps keep your energy bill down, too).\",\n \"Apply silicone caulk to exterior cracks and crevices, in any gaps in your siding, and around window frames, doorframes, and utility pipes. Ladybugs can also enter through cracks in mortar, so if your home is of brick construction, check the pointing and repair with mortar or cement where necessary.\",\n \"Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Get Rid of Ladybugs (Homeowner's Guide) - Bob Vila\\n\\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\\n\\nAbout Bob\\n\\nNewsletters\\n\\n * How-To Center\\n * Get Ideas\\n * Find Info\\n * Discuss It\\n * Watch TV\\n * Win Laser Tools from Kapro!\\n\\n * Lawn & Garden\\n\\n# How To: Get Rid of Ladybugs\\n\\n## These insects are cute as can be—until they take over your home! Follow\\nthese tips to rid your space of the pretty little pests and keep them from\\ncoming back.\\n\\nBy Jennifer Noonan\\n\\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\\n\\nA healthy outdoor ladybug population is a good thing. Gardeners appreciate\\ntheir voracious appetite for the destructive likes of aphids and scale, while\\nkids of all ages can’t resist counting the spots on their bright bodies.\\n\\nYet too many coccinellidae—especially if they’ve made their way into your\\nliving space—is a sign of potential infestation. The little beetles generally\\nenter homes to hibernate over the winter and can multiply by the thousands,\\nultimately emerging from the wall structure as an overwhelming nuisance. So\\ndon’t be lulled by their cuteness! Debug your place with these techniques.\\n\\n## Banishing Ladybugs from Your Home\\n\\nDue diligence is required to send the pests packing. Remove the ones you see\\ninside immediately with any or all of these effective methods.\\n\\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\\n\\n### Vacuum with vigilance.\\n\\nNotice ladybugs in your domicile? Vacuum them up without delay, then dispose\\nof the bag or empty it outside. You can avoid that messy chore, if you own a\\ncanister model with a hose, with this trick: Cut the foot section off an old\\nsock and attach it to the end of the hose with a rubber band. Turn the vacuum\\non, and the fabric will enter the hose (but not the bag). As you suck up\\nladybugs, they’ll get caught in the sock attachment—then simply remove the\\nsock and empty it outside.\\n\\n### Turn on a light trap.\\n\\nIf ladybugs have infested a dark area, like an attic, use a light trap.\\nPurchase one for about $35 or DIY your own out of a plastic jug, a light bulb,\\nand transparencies typically used for overhead projectors. Once trapped,\\nrelease the ladybugs outdoors.\\n\\n### Get professional help.\\n\\nIf the pest problem is already severe, call a pest control pro to get rid of\\nladybugs. Over-the-counter insecticides aren’t recommended to control ladybug\\ninfestations, but exterminators know what to use and how to use it.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n### Keep your hands off.\\n\\nThough ladybugs don’t bite or carry disease, you should avoid picking them up\\nindividually with your fingers, or even sweeping them into a dustpan. When\\nstressed, ladybugs secrete their blood, a yellow, smelly substance that can\\nstain skin, fabrics, and painted surfaces.\\n\\nPest problems?\\n\\nFind licensed pest control experts in your area and get free, no-commitment\\nestimates for your project.\\n\\nFind Pros Now\\n\\n+\\n\\n## Preventing Ladybug Infestations\\n\\nIn fall, ladybugs look for warmth—and your house is an inviting prospect.\\nThey’ll enter through any hole, crack, or gap they can find. Keep ladybugs at\\nbay with these preventive measures.\\n\\n### Fix screens.\\n\\nRepair breaks or tears in all screens and don’t leave doors or windows without\\nscreens open.\\n\\n### Install weather stripping.\\n\\nGaps under doors make an easy entry point for ladybugs. Weather stripping on\\nall doors is an excellent barrier (and it helps keep your energy bill down,\\ntoo).\\n\\n### Seal gaps.\\n\\nApply silicone caulk to exterior cracks and crevices, in any gaps in your\\nsiding, and around window frames, doorframes, and utility pipes. Ladybugs can\\nalso enter through cracks in mortar, so if your home is of brick construction,\\ncheck the pointing and repair with mortar or cement where necessary.\\n\\nPest problems?\\n\\nFind licensed pest control experts in your area and get free, no-commitment\\nestimates for your project.\\n\\nFind Pros Now\\n\\n+\\n\\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\\n\\nTAGS:\\n\\nHOW TO\\n\\nPESTS\\n\\nGARDENING\\n\\nMore From Bob Vila\\n\\n15 Eco-Friendly Home Redo and Décor Products\\n\\nHow To: Get Rid of Aphids\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nThese Nocturnal Pests Only Come Out at Night\\n\\n7 Reasons Not to Buy the Best House You Can Afford\\n\\n9 Clever Organizing Tools to Help You Cut Clutter\\n\\n15 Ways to Clean Your House Like a Pro\\n\\nToo Cool for School: 9 Ways to Bring Home Classroom Style\\n\\n * Best Bed Bug Spray\\n * Best Termite Treatment\\n * Assassin Bugs\\n * Spraying Insecticide\\n * Best Snake Repellent\\n * Best Insecticide\\n * How to Deter Rabbits\\n * House Centipedes\\n * Best Insect Repellent\\n\\n * About Bob\\n * Newsletters\\n * Contact\\n * Advertising\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Info\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 Acton Media Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514194947/https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Finding Ladybugs in Your House? HereÍs How to Get Rid of Them\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The ladybug is a notoriously unwelcome guest in homes throughout the South. In cultures across the globe, they've come to symbolize prosperity, and it's been said that finding one of these beetles in your home signals good luck. While the symbolism may seem fortuitous, an infestation in your home can be a pain. If you're dealing with ladybugs in your home, read on for some helpful information about repelling them.\",\n \"Ladybugs are not known to be harmful to humans, but in large numbers, they're recognized as persistent pests, and they can become a nuisance if they breach the windows and walls of your home.\",\n \"Ladybugs find their way inside because they're looking for shelters in which to overwinter. That means they're searching for someplace warm and dry where they can wait out the cold season, and our cozy homes are perfect for those purposes. You'll occasionally find only one ladybug wandering around inside, but it's also possible to find many. You'll notice these so-called colonies of ladybugs scattered around your home or clustered together in one space, usually nestled in corners of attics or basements or near doors and windows.\",\n \"Why the colonies? When one ladybug finds its way inside, it has a way of signaling to others and drawing them indoors too. Adult ladybugs can release pheromones, scented chemical flares sent out to attract other ladybugs nearby. This chemical signal can take the form of a trail, which invites other ladybugs in via the same path the first ladybug used. This can also lead them to cluster in one location in your home.\",\n \"To keep ladybugs from entering your house in the first place, Terminix recommends winterizing your home: \\\"Make sure doors have adequate weather stripping and that windows have tight-fitting screens. Caulk all potential openings on the outside of your home. If they never get inside, you won't have to learn how to get rid of ladybugs in the house.\\\" When winterizing your home, ensure you address any potential entry points and seal cracks so that none are visible. This will keep ladybugs from entering your home.\",\n \"Terminix also recommends using natural repellents, including scents such as citronella or citrus oil and herbs including cloves and bay leaves. They also recommend planting mums: \\\"Ladybugs don't like them, so plant mums near windows and entrance ways. The chemical compound found within these plants acts as a deterrent.\\\"\",\n \"If you decide to use natural repellents, you may want to prepare a spray bottle so that you can deploy your repellents conveniently. Spritzing the citronella or citrus oil solution recommended by Terminix (above) may help to keep lady bugs at bay.\",\n \"You can use a vacuum cleaner to remove any lingering ladybugs in your home. If they have expired on your windowsills, hardwood floors, or carpeting, you'll want to vacuum them up so that they don't stain paint or fabric. When dealing with live ladybugs, you can vacuum them up in order to relocate them outside. The suction action of a vacuum cleaner will ensure they don't fly away and make their home elsewhere in your space.\",\n \"There are plenty of ways to take action and counter a ladybug infestation—both professionally and in a DIY fashion—so keep your eyes peeled, and remember that when you see a ladybug in your home, there's a reason for it, and there's something you can do to keep more from following suit.\",\n \"MeredithSouthern Living is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. Southern Living is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab All Rights Reserved. Southern Living may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Finding Ladybugs in Your House? HereÍs How to Get Rid of Them |\\nSouthern Living\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n## Explore Southern Living\\n\\nSouthern Living Southern Living\\n\\n## Profile Menu\\n\\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nYour Account\\n\\n### Account\\n\\n * Join Now\\n * Email Preferences\\n * Newsletters\\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Logout\\n\\n### More\\n\\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\\n * Southern Living Books this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nLogin\\n\\nSweepstakes\\n\\n### Follow Us\\n\\n# WATCH: If You Keep Finding Ladybugs in Your House, Here’s What You Need to\\nKnow\\n\\nPlus a few strategies for keeping them out-of-doors\\n\\nBy Southern Living\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nSave FB Tweet\\n\\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\\n\\nThe ladybug is a notoriously unwelcome guest in homes throughout the South. In\\ncultures across the globe, they've come to symbolize prosperity, and it's been\\nsaid that finding one of these beetles in your home signals good luck. While\\nthe symbolism may seem fortuitous, an infestation in your home can be a pain.\\nIf you're dealing with ladybugs in your home, read on for some helpful\\ninformation about repelling them.\\n\\n## Are Ladybugs Poisonous?\\n\\nLadybugs are not known to be harmful to humans, but in large numbers, they're\\nrecognized as persistent pests, and they can become a nuisance if they breach\\nthe windows and walls of your home.\\n\\n## Why Are Ladybugs in My House?\\n\\nLadybugs find their way inside because they're looking for shelters in which\\nto overwinter. That means they're searching for someplace warm and dry where\\nthey can wait out the cold season, and our cozy homes are perfect for those\\npurposes. You'll occasionally find only one ladybug wandering around inside,\\nbut it's also possible to find many. You'll notice these so-called colonies of\\nladybugs scattered around your home or clustered together in one space,\\nusually nestled in corners of attics or basements or near doors and windows.\\n\\nWhy the colonies? When one ladybug finds its way inside, it has a way of\\nsignaling to others and drawing them indoors too. Adult ladybugs can release\\npheromones, scented chemical flares sent out to attract other ladybugs nearby.\\nThis chemical signal can take the form of a trail, which invites other\\nladybugs in via the same path the first ladybug used. This can also lead them\\nto cluster in one location in your home.\\n\\n## How to Get Rid of Ladybugs in Your House\\n\\nTo counter an infestation, here are a few recommendations.\\n\\n### Winterize Your Home:\\n\\nTo keep ladybugs from entering your house in the first place, Terminix\\nrecommends winterizing your home: \\\"Make sure doors have adequate weather\\nstripping and that windows have tight-fitting screens. Caulk all potential\\nopenings on the outside of your home. If they never get inside, you won't have\\nto learn how to get rid of ladybugs in the house.\\\" When winterizing your home,\\nensure you address any potential entry points and seal cracks so that none are\\nvisible. This will keep ladybugs from entering your home.\\n\\n### Use Natural Repellents:\\n\\nTerminix also recommends using natural repellents, including scents such as\\ncitronella or citrus oil and herbs including cloves and bay leaves. They also\\nrecommend planting mums: \\\"Ladybugs don't like them, so plant mums near windows\\nand entrance ways. The chemical compound found within these plants acts as a\\ndeterrent.\\\"\\n\\n### Prepare a Spray Bottle:\\n\\nIf you decide to use natural repellents, you may want to prepare a spray\\nbottle so that you can deploy your repellents conveniently. Spritzing the\\ncitronella or citrus oil solution recommended by Terminix (above) may help to\\nkeep lady bugs at bay.\\n\\n### Use a Vacuum Cleaner:\\n\\nYou can use a vacuum cleaner to remove any lingering ladybugs in your home. If\\nthey have expired on your windowsills, hardwood floors, or carpeting, you'll\\nwant to vacuum them up so that they don't stain paint or fabric. When dealing\\nwith live ladybugs, you can vacuum them up in order to relocate them outside.\\nThe suction action of a vacuum cleaner will ensure they don't fly away and\\nmake their home elsewhere in your space.\\n\\nThere are plenty of ways to take action and counter a ladybug infestation—both\\nprofessionally and in a DIY fashion—so keep your eyes peeled, and remember\\nthat when you see a ladybug in your home, there's a reason for it, and there's\\nsomething you can do to keep more from following suit.\\n\\n## Share options\\n\\n## Login\\n\\nSouthern Living\\n\\nOther Meredith Sites\\n\\n## Other Meredith Sites\\n\\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\\n * More this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\\n * People this link opens in a new tab\\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\\n\\nMeredithSouthern Living is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021\\nMeredith Corporation. 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Finally, repeat the process several times, and then connect the points you plotted with a straight line."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014228/https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20190827082102/http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210527101716/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20210201103103/http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20210127043515/https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition","http://web.archive.org/web/20200114202807/https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014228/https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190827082102/http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210527101716/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210201103103/http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127043515/https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200114202807/https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":963,"string":"963"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014228/https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"","passages":["In this tutorial we will be looking at graphing lines. There are several ways that you can approach graphing a line. We will be looking specifically at using the y-intercept and slope to help us get our straight line. I will provide a review on slope as well as the slope/intercept form of a line as we go through this lesson. If you need more review on these concepts, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line and Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines. The concept of graphing vertical and horizontal lines will also be covered on this page. Basically, we will plot the y-intercept point and then use the slope to find a second point and then connect the dots to get your graph.","Here is a little review on what the slope of a line tells about that line. If you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line.","Rise means how many units you move up or down from point to point. On the graph that would be a change in the y values.","Run means how far left or right you move from point to point. On the graph, that would mean a change of x values.","Here is a little review on the slope/intercept form of the equation of a line. If you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines.","When it is in this form it makes it easier to identify the slope and the y-intercept of the line.","In this form, the slope is m, which is the coefficient in front of x and the y-intercept is the constant b.","You will start with the y-intercept and rise up or down and then run left or right depending on the sign of the slope.","Use the concept of slope being rise over run (rise/run) to determine how to use the slope to find your second point.","What do you think is the positive direction for rise, up or down? If you said up, pat yourself on the back. That means down is the negative direction for rise. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the y-axis. Going up above the origin are the positive values, and going down below the origin are the negative values.","What do you think is the positive direction for run, right or left? If you said right, pat yourself on the back. That means left is the negative direction for run. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the x-axis. Going to the right of the origin are the positive values, and going to the left of the origin are the negative values.","If the slope is positive, then the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the right OR down and to the left. The reason both negative directions work is our slope is rise over run and if you have a negative over a negative, it simplifies to be a positive.","If the slope is negative, then the rise and the run have to be opposites of each other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the left OR down and to the right. If you make them both negative, then it would simplify to be a positive and you would have the wrong graph and you don't want to do that.","Also keep in mind, if your slope is a non-zero integer like -5 or 10, that there is a denominator or run of your slope. What is the denominator of a non- zero integer? If you said 1, you are correct!!!","Lining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the slope and y-intercept are?","In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be 3.","Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 1.","In step 1 we found our slope to be 3. What would the denominator of 3 be? If you said 1, you are right on. So we can think of 3 as 3/1. That makes it easier to think of it as rise over run (rise/run).","Since we have a positive slope, the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 3 and run right 1 OR go down 3 and left 1.","Note that if we would have gone down 3 and left 1 from our y-intercept, that we would have ended up at (-1, -2) which would have lined up with the other points.","In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be -3/2.","Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 3.","Since we have a negative slope the rise and the run have to be opposites of each other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. So, we can either go down 3 and run right 2 OR rise up 3 and run left 2.","Note that if we rose up 3 and ran left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have ended up at (-2, 6) which would have lined up with the other points.","Lining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the slope and y-intercept are?","In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be 5/2.","Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 0.","Since we have a positive slope the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 5 and run right 2 OR go down 5 and left 2.","Note that if we would have gone down 5 and left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have ended up at (-2, -5) which would have lined up with the other points.","If you have an equation x = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to graph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a vertical line with x-intercept of (c, 0).","Even though you do not see a y in the equation, you can still graph it on a two dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for a given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that has an x value of c would be a solution. As long as x never changes value, it is always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a vertical line.","Also, note that except for the vertical line x = 0, a vertical line does not go through the y-axis. So that means a vertical line has no y-intercept, unless it is x = 0.","If you have an equation y = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to graph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a horizontal line with y- intercept of (0, c).","Even though you do not see an x in the equation, you can still graph it on a two dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for a given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that has a y value of c would be a solution. As long as y never changes value, it is always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a horizontal line.","Since we have a horizontal line, what is our slope going to be? If you said 0, you are so right!!!","Note how we have an equation that has x set equal to a constant, where there is no y. Since this fits the form of x = c described above, we can jump to the chase and draw our vertical line:","Since we have a vertical line, what is our slope going to be? If you said undefined, you are so right!!!","These are practice problems to help bring you to the next level. It will allow you to check and see if you have an understanding of these types of problems. Math works just like anything else, if you want to get good at it, then you need to practice it. Even the best athletes and musicians had help along the way and lots of practice, practice, practice, to get good at their sport or instrument. In fact there is no such thing as too much practice.","To get the most out of these, you should work the problem out on your own and then check your answer by clicking on the link for the answer/discussion for that problem. At the link you will find the answer as well as any steps that went into finding that answer.","Go to Get Help Outside the Classroom found in Tutorial 1: How to Succeed in a Math Class for some more suggestions.","Last revised on Feb. 11, 2010 by Kim Seward. All contents copyright (C) 2002 - 2010, WTAMU and Kim Seward. All rights reserved."]},"parsed_md":"Title\n\n|\n\n * VML\n * COLLEGE ALGEBRA\n * INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA\n * BEGINNING ALGEBRA\n * GRE MATH\n * THEA/ACCUPLACER\n\n \n--- \n|\n\nCollege Algebra Tutorial 27: Graphing Lines\n\nWTAMU > Virtual Math Lab > College Algebra\n\nLearning Objectives\n\n|\n\nAfter completing this tutorial, you should be able to:\n\n 1. Graph a straight line using the y-intercept and slope.\n 2. Graph vertical and horizontal lines.\n\n \n \n--- \n \nIntroduction\n\nIn this tutorial we will be looking at graphing lines. There are several ways\nthat you can approach graphing a line. We will be looking specifically at\nusing the y-intercept and slope to help us get our straight line. I will\nprovide a review on slope as well as the slope/intercept form of a line as we\ngo through this lesson. If you need more review on these concepts, feel free\nto go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line and Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines. The\nconcept of graphing vertical and horizontal lines will also be covered on this\npage. Basically, we will plot the y-intercept point and then use the slope to\nfind a second point and then connect the dots to get your graph. \n \n--- \n \nTutorial\n\nHere is a little review on what the slope of a line tells about that line. If\nyou need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a\nLine. \n \n--- \nSlope \n--- \n \nThe slope of a line measures the steepness of the line.\n\nMost of you are probably familiar with associating slope with \"rise over run\".\n\n|\n\nRise means how many units you move up or down from point to point. On the\ngraph that would be a change in the y values.\n\nRun means how far left or right you move from point to point. On the graph,\nthat would mean a change of x values. \n \n--- \n \nHere are some visuals to help you with this definition:\n\nPositive slope:\n\nNote that when a line has a positive slope it goes up left to right. \n \nNegative slope:\n\nNote that when a line has a negative slope it goes down left to right. \n \n--- \n \nZero slope:\n\nslope = 0\n\nNote that when a line is horizontal the slope is 0. \n \n--- \n \nUndefined slope:\n\nslope = undefined\n\nNote that when the line is vertical the slope is undefined. \n \n--- \n \nHere is a little review on the slope/intercept form of the equation of a line.\nIf you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 26:\nEquations of Lines. \n \n--- \n \nSlope/Intercept Equation of a Line \n \n--- \n \nIf your linear equation is written in this form, m represents the slope and b\nrepresents the y-intercept.\n\nThis form can be handy if you need to find the slope of a line given the\nequation. \n \n--- \nGraphing a Line Using the y-intercept and Slope \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nWhen it is in this form it makes it easier to identify the slope and the\ny-intercept of the line.\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the coefficient in front of x and the\ny-intercept is the constant b. \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nRecall that the y-intercept is where it crosses the y-axis. So x's value will\nbe 0.\n\nIf you need more review on intercepts, feel free to go to Tutorial 26:\nEquations of Lines. \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nYou will start with the y-intercept and rise up or down and then run left or\nright depending on the sign of the slope.\n\nUse the concept of slope being rise over run (rise/run) to determine how to\nuse the slope to find your second point.\n\nWhat do you think is the positive direction for rise, up or down? If you said\nup, pat yourself on the back. That means down is the negative direction for\nrise. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the y-axis.\nGoing up above the origin are the positive values, and going down below the\norigin are the negative values.\n\nWhat do you think is the positive direction for run, right or left? If you\nsaid right, pat yourself on the back. That means left is the negative\ndirection for run. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on\nthe x-axis. Going to the right of the origin are the positive values, and\ngoing to the left of the origin are the negative values.\n\nIf the slope is positive, then the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\npositive or BOTH negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the\nright OR down and to the left. The reason both negative directions work is our\nslope is rise over run and if you have a negative over a negative, it\nsimplifies to be a positive.\n\nIf the slope is negative, then the rise and the run have to be opposites of\neach other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. In other words,\nyou will be going up and to the left OR down and to the right. If you make\nthem both negative, then it would simplify to be a positive and you would have\nthe wrong graph and you don't want to do that.\n\nAlso keep in mind, if your slope is a non-zero integer like -5 or 10, that\nthere is a denominator or run of your slope. What is the denominator of a non-\nzero integer? If you said 1, you are correct!!! \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nAll of the graphs in this tutorial will be straight lines. \n \n--- \n \nExample 1: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nThis equation is already in slope/intercept form: \n \n--- \n \n*Slope/intercept form \n \n--- \n \nLining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the\nslope and y-intercept are?\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\nproblem that would have to be 3.\n\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\nwould be 1.\n\nHow did you do? \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 1.\n\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 1): \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nIn step 1 we found our slope to be 3. What would the denominator of 3 be? If\nyou said 1, you are right on. So we can think of 3 as 3/1. That makes it\neasier to think of it as rise over run (rise/run).\n\nSince we have a positive slope, the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\npositive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 3 and run right 1 OR go\ndown 3 and left 1.\n\nI chose to rise up 3 and run right 1, starting on the y-intercept:: \n \n--- \n \nNote that if we would have gone down 3 and left 1 from our y-intercept, that\nwe would have ended up at (-1, -2) which would have lined up with the other\npoints. \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nExample 2: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nSolve for y to get it into the slope/intercept form: \n \n--- \n \n*Inverse of add. 3x is sub. 3x\n\n*Inverse of mult. 2 is div. 2\n\n*Slope/intercept form \n \n--- \n \nLining up the form with the equation we got, can you see what the slope and\ny-intercept are?\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\nproblem that would have to be -3/2.\n\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\nwould be 3.\n\nHow did you do? \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 3.\n\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 3): \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nIn step 1 we found our slope to be -3/2.\n\nSince we have a negative slope the rise and the run have to be opposites of\neach other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. So, we can\neither go down 3 and run right 2 OR rise up 3 and run left 2.\n\nI chose to go down 3 and run right 2, starting on the y-intercept: \n \n--- \n \nNote that if we rose up 3 and ran left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have\nended up at (-2, 6) which would have lined up with the other points. \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nExample 3: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nThis equation is already in slope/intercept form: \n \n--- \n \n*Slope/intercept form \n \n--- \n \nLining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the\nslope and y-intercept are?\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\nproblem that would have to be 5/2.\n\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\nwould be 0.\n\nHow did you do? \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 0.\n\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 0): \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nIn step 1 we found our slope to be 5/2.\n\nSince we have a positive slope the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\npositive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 5 and run right 2 OR go\ndown 5 and left 2.\n\nI chose to rise up 5 and run right 2, starting on the y-intercept: \n \n--- \n \nNote that if we would have gone down 5 and left 2 from our y-intercept, we\nwould have ended up at (-2, -5) which would have lined up with the other\npoints. \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nVertical Lines\n\nx = c \n \n--- \n \nIf you have an equation x = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to\ngraph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a vertical line with\nx-intercept of (c, 0).\n\nEven though you do not see a y in the equation, you can still graph it on a\ntwo dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for\na given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that\nhas an x value of c would be a solution. As long as x never changes value, it\nis always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a\nvertical line.\n\nBelow is an illustration of a vertical line x = c:\n\nAs mentioned above, the slope of a vertical line is undefined.\n\nAlso, note that except for the vertical line x = 0, a vertical line does not\ngo through the y-axis. So that means a vertical line has no y-intercept,\nunless it is x = 0. \n \n--- \n \nHorizontal Lines\n\ny = c \n \n--- \n \nIf you have an equation y = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to\ngraph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a horizontal line with y-\nintercept of (0, c).\n\nEven though you do not see an x in the equation, you can still graph it on a\ntwo dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for\na given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that\nhas a y value of c would be a solution. As long as y never changes value, it\nis always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a\nhorizontal line.\n\nBelow is an illustration of a horizontal line y = c:\n\nAs mentioned above, a horizontal line has a slope of 0.\n\nA horizontal line's y-intercept is whatever y is set equal to. \n \n--- \n \nExample 4: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nNote how we have an equation that has y set equal to a constant, where there\nis no x. Since this fits the form of y = c described above, we can cut to the\nchase and draw our horizontal line: \n \n--- \n \nSince we have a horizontal line, what is our slope going to be? If you said 0,\nyou are so right!!!\n\nWhat would the y-intercept be? Give yourself a high five if you said 2. \n \n--- \n \nExample 5: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nNote how we are missing a y and even though it is not quite in the form x = c,\nthat we can get it in that form.\n\nLets first rewrite this in the form x = c and then go from there: \n \n--- \n \n*Written in the form x = c \n \n--- \n \nNote how we have an equation that has x set equal to a constant, where there\nis no y. Since this fits the form of x = c described above, we can jump to the\nchase and draw our vertical line: \n \n--- \n \nSince we have a vertical line, what is our slope going to be? If you said\nundefined, you are so right!!!\n\nWhat would the y-intercept be? Give yourself a high five if you said there is\nno y-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nPractice Problems\n\nThese are practice problems to help bring you to the next level. It will allow\nyou to check and see if you have an understanding of these types of problems.\nMath works just like anything else, if you want to get good at it, then you\nneed to practice it. Even the best athletes and musicians had help along the\nway and lots of practice, practice, practice, to get good at their sport or\ninstrument. In fact there is no such thing as too much practice.\n\nTo get the most out of these, you should work the problem out on your own and\nthen check your answer by clicking on the link for the answer/discussion for\nthat problem. At the link you will find the answer as well as any steps that\nwent into finding that answer. \n \n--- \n \n> Practice Problems 1a - 1d: Give the slope and y-intercept of the given line\n> and then graph it.\n\n1a. (answer/discussion to 1a)\n\n|\n\n1b. (answer/discussion to 1b) \n \n---|--- \n \n1c. (answer/discussion to 1c)\n\n|\n\n1d. (answer/discussion to 1d) \n \n---|--- \n \nNeed Extra Help on these Topics?\n\nThe following are webpages that can assist you in the topics that were covered\non this page:\n\n|\n\nhttp://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/int_algebra/int_alg_tut15_slope.htm\nThis website helps you with the slope of a line.\n\nhttp://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/int_algebra/int_alg_tut14_lineargr.htm#vertical\nThis website helps with vertical and horizontal lines.\n\nhttp://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm This webpage helps you with\ngraphing a line using the y-intercept and the slope. \n \n--- \n \nGo to Get Help Outside the Classroom found in Tutorial 1: How to Succeed in a\nMath Class for some more suggestions. \n \nWTAMU > Virtual Math Lab > College Algebra\n\nLast revised on Feb. 11, 2010 by Kim Seward. All contents copyright (C) 2002 -\n2010, WTAMU and Kim Seward. All rights reserved. \n \n * Accessibility\n * Accreditation\n * Contact Us\n * Emergency Information\n * Equal Opportunity/Nondiscrimination\n * Form Policy\n\n * House Bill 2504\n * Legislative Appropriation Request\n * Link Policy and Privacy Statement\n * Online Institutional Resumes\n * Open Records/Public Information Act\n * Risk, Fraud and Misconduct Hotline\n\n * Site Map\n * State of Texas\n * Statewide Search\n * Texas Homeland Security\n * Texas Veterans Portal\n * University Organizational Chart\n\n� West Texas A&M University | All Rights Reserved | Canyon, TX 79016 |\n806-651-0000\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190827082102/http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Intercepts of Linear Equations","passages":["The straight line on the graph below intercepts the two coordinate axes. The point where the line crosses the x-axis is called the [x-intercept]. The [y-intercept] is the point where the line crosses the y-axis.","We can use the characteristics of intercepts to quickly calculate them from the equation of a line. Just see how easy it is, as we find the x- and y-intercepts for the line _.","To find the y-intercept, we substitute 0 for x in the equation, because we know that every point on the y-axis has an x-coordinate of 0. Once we do that, we can solve to find the value of y. When we make x = 0, the equation becomes _, which works out to y = 2. So when x = 0, y = 2. The coordinates of the y-intercept are (0, 2).","Now we’ll follow the same steps to find the x-intercept. We’ll let y = 0 in the equation, and solve for x. When y = 0, the equation for the line becomes _, and that works out to x = 3. When y = 0, x = 3. The coordinates of the x-intercept are (3, 0).","Incorrect. _is the x-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).","Incorrect. This answer switches the values of x and y. Coordinates are given in the order (x, y). At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).","Incorrect. This is the co-efficient of x and the constant, not the y-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).","Knowing the intercepts of a line is a useful thing. For one thing, it makes it easy to draw the graph of a line—we just have to plot the intercepts and then draw a line through them. Let’s do it with the equation _. We figured out that the intercepts of the line this equation represents are (0, 2) and (3, 0). That’s all we need to know:","Intercepts are also valuable tools for predicting or tracking a process. At each intercept, one of the two quantities being plotted reaches zero. That means that the intercepts of a line can be used to mark the beginning and the end of a process.","Imagine a student named Morgan who is buying a laptop for $1,080 to use for school. Morgan is going to use the computer store’s finance plan to make this purchase—she’ll pay $45 per month for 24 months.","She wants to know how much she will still owe after each month of the plan. She can keep track of her debt by making a graph. The x-axis will be the number of months and the y-axis will represent the amount of money she still owes on the finance plan. Morgan knows two points in her pay-off schedule. The day she buys the computer, she’ll be at 0 months passed and $1,080 owed. The day she pays it off completely, she’ll be at 24 months passed and $0 owed. With these two points, she can draw a line, running from the y-intercept at (0, 1080) to the x-intercept at (24, 0).","Morgan can now use this graph to figure out how much money she still owes after any number of months.","Let’s look at another situation involving intercepts, this time when we know only one intercept and want to find the other. Joe is a lifeguard at the local swimming pool. It’s the end of the summer, and the pool is being drained. Joe has to wait by the pool until it’s completely empty, so no one falls in and drowns. How can poor Joe figure out how long that’s going to take?","If Joe has taken an algebra course, he’s got it made. The pool contains 10,200 gallons of water. It drains at a rate of 680 gallons per hour. Joe can use that information to make a table of how much water will be left in the pool hour by hour.","Once he’s calculated a few data points, Joe can use a graph and intercepts as a short-cut to find out how long it will be until the pool is dry. Joe’s starting point is the y-intercept, where the pool is full at 10,200 gallons and the elapsed time is 0. Next, he plots the volume of the pool at 1, 2, 3, and finally 4 hours.","Now all Joe needs to do is connect the points with a line, and then extend the line until it meets the x-axis.","The line intercepts the x-axis when x = 15. So now Joe knows—the pool will take 15 hours to drain completely. It’s going to be a long day.","We’ve now seen the usefulness of the intercepts of a line. When we know where a line crosses the x- and y-axes, we can easily produce the graph or the equation for that line. When we know one of the intercepts and the slope of a line, we can find the beginning or predict the end of a process."]},"parsed_md":"Intercepts of Linear Equations\n\nIntercepts of Linear Equations\n\nLearning Objective(s)\n\n· Calculate the intercepts of a line.\n\n· Use the intercepts to plot a line.\n\nIntroduction\n\nThe intercepts of a line are the points where the line intercepts, or crosses,\nthe horizontal and vertical axes.\n\nThe straight line on the graph below intercepts the two coordinate axes. The\npoint where the line crosses the x-axis is called the [x-intercept]. The\n[y-intercept] is the point where the line crosses the y-axis.\n\nNotice that the y-intercept occurs where x = 0, and the x-intercept occurs\nwhere y = 0.\n\nCalculating Intercepts\n\nWe can use the characteristics of intercepts to quickly calculate them from\nthe equation of a line. Just see how easy it is, as we find the x- and\ny-intercepts for the line _.\n\nTo find the y-intercept, we substitute 0 for x in the equation, because we\nknow that every point on the y-axis has an x-coordinate of 0. Once we do that,\nwe can solve to find the value of y. When we make x = 0, the equation becomes\n_, which works out to y = 2. So when x = 0, y = 2. The coordinates of the\ny-intercept are (0, 2).\n\nExample \n \n--- \n \nProblem\n\n|\n\n3y + 2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n3y + 2(0)\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n3y\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n_\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n_ \n \nAnswer\n\n|\n\ny\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n2 \n \nNow we’ll follow the same steps to find the x-intercept. We’ll let y = 0 in\nthe equation, and solve for x. When y = 0, the equation for the line becomes\n_, and that works out to x = 3. When y = 0, x = 3. The coordinates of the\nx-intercept are (3, 0).\n\nExample \n \n--- \n \nProblem\n\n|\n\n3y + 2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n3(0) + 2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n_\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n_ \n \nAnswer\n\n|\n\nx\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n3 \n \nSee, I told you that it would be easy.\n\nWhat is the y-intercept of a line with the equation _?\n\nA) _\n\nB) (-4, 0)\n\nC) (0, -4)\n\nD) (5, -4)\n\nShow/Hide Answer\n\nA) _\n\nIncorrect. _is the x-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is\nsubstituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\n\nB) (-4, 0)\n\nIncorrect. This answer switches the values of x and y. Coordinates are given\nin the order (x, y). At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in\nthe equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\n\nC) (0, -4)\n\nCorrect. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the\nequation, y = -4.\n\nD) (5, -4)\n\nIncorrect. This is the co-efficient of x and the constant, not the\ny-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the\nequation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\n\nUsing Intercepts to Graph Lines\n\nKnowing the intercepts of a line is a useful thing. For one thing, it makes it\neasy to draw the graph of a line—we just have to plot the intercepts and then\ndraw a line through them. Let’s do it with the equation _. We figured out that\nthe intercepts of the line this equation represents are (0, 2) and (3, 0).\nThat’s all we need to know:\n\nAnd there we have the line.\n\nIntercepts and Problem-solving\n\nIntercepts are also valuable tools for predicting or tracking a process. At\neach intercept, one of the two quantities being plotted reaches zero. That\nmeans that the intercepts of a line can be used to mark the beginning and the\nend of a process.\n\nImagine a student named Morgan who is buying a laptop for $1,080 to use for\nschool. Morgan is going to use the computer store’s finance plan to make this\npurchase—she’ll pay $45 per month for 24 months.\n\nShe wants to know how much she will still owe after each month of the plan.\nShe can keep track of her debt by making a graph. The x-axis will be the\nnumber of months and the y-axis will represent the amount of money she still\nowes on the finance plan. Morgan knows two points in her pay-off schedule. The\nday she buys the computer, she’ll be at 0 months passed and $1,080 owed. The\nday she pays it off completely, she’ll be at 24 months passed and $0 owed.\nWith these two points, she can draw a line, running from the y-intercept at\n(0, 1080) to the x-intercept at (24, 0).\n\nMorgan can now use this graph to figure out how much money she still owes\nafter any number of months.\n\nLet’s look at another situation involving intercepts, this time when we know\nonly one intercept and want to find the other. Joe is a lifeguard at the local\nswimming pool. It’s the end of the summer, and the pool is being drained. Joe\nhas to wait by the pool until it’s completely empty, so no one falls in and\ndrowns. How can poor Joe figure out how long that’s going to take?\n\nIf Joe has taken an algebra course, he’s got it made. The pool contains 10,200\ngallons of water. It drains at a rate of 680 gallons per hour. Joe can use\nthat information to make a table of how much water will be left in the pool\nhour by hour.\n\nx, Time\n\n(hours)\n\n|\n\ny, Volume of Water (gallons) \n \n---|--- \n \n0\n\n|\n\n10,200 \n \n1\n\n|\n\n9,520 \n \n2\n\n|\n\n8,840 \n \n3\n\n|\n\n8,160 \n \n4\n\n|\n\n7,480 \n \nOnce he’s calculated a few data points, Joe can use a graph and intercepts as\na short-cut to find out how long it will be until the pool is dry. Joe’s\nstarting point is the y-intercept, where the pool is full at 10,200 gallons\nand the elapsed time is 0. Next, he plots the volume of the pool at 1, 2, 3,\nand finally 4 hours.\n\nNow all Joe needs to do is connect the points with a line, and then extend the\nline until it meets the x-axis.\n\nThe line intercepts the x-axis when x = 15. So now Joe knows—the pool will\ntake 15 hours to drain completely. It’s going to be a long day.\n\nSummary\n\nWe’ve now seen the usefulness of the intercepts of a line. When we know where\na line crosses the x- and y-axes, we can easily produce the graph or the\nequation for that line. When we know one of the intercepts and the slope of a\nline, we can find the beginning or predict the end of a process.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210527101716/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines","passages":["You've probably already seen the basic method for graphing straight lines; namely, make a T-chart, plot some points, put your ruler against them, and draw the line. But the \"nice\" form of a straight line's equation (being the slope-intercept form, y = mx + b) can make graphing even simpler and faster.","Given two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the formula for the slope of the straight line going through these two points is:","...where the subscripts merely indicate that we have a \"first\" point (whose coordinates are subscripted with a \"1\") and a \"second\" point (whose coordinates are subscripted with a \"2\"); that is, the subscripts indicate nothing more than the fact that we have two points that we're working with. Note that which point we pick as the \"first\" point is irrelevant; if we pick the other point to be \"first\", the subtractions will be reversed, but we'll still get the exact same value for the slope:","(If you're not sure that the two formulas above give exactly the same values, no matter what pair of points is plugged into them, then pick some points and try them out. See what you get.)","The formula for slope is sometimes referred to as \"rise over run\", because the fraction onsists of the \"rise\" (being the change in y, going up or down) divided by the \"run\" (being the change in x, going from left to the right). If you've ever done roofing, built a staircase, graded landscaping, or installed gutters or outflow piping, you've probably encountered this \"rise over run\" concept. The point is that slope tells us how much y is changing for every so much that x is changing. For example, the slope might (in \"real life\") tell you that, for every one meter that you move toward the street, your yard slopes downward by five centimeters.","To find some points from the line equation, we have to pick values for one of the variables, and then we must compute the corresponding values of the other variable. Since there is a fraction multiplied on the x, and that fraction has a denominator of 3, I'm going to pick values which are multiples of 3, so the denominator cancels off. Whole numbers are easier, right?","So the point we found on the line is (–3, –6) If we then pick x = 0, we get:","The point we found this time is (0, –4). And now that we have two points on the line, we can find the slope of that line from the slope formula:","In stair-stepping to the right, going from the first point to the second point, our \"path\" can be viewed as forming a right triangle:","The vertical distance between the y-values of the two points (that is, the height of the triangle) is the \"y2 – y1\" part of the slope formula. The horizontal distance between the x-values (that is, the side-to-side width of the triangle) is the \"x2 – x1\" part of the slope formula. The line we need to graph is the hypotenuse of the right triangle.","Note that the slope for this equation and graph is , or \"two over three\". To go from the first point to the second, we go \"up two and over three\". This relationship between the slope of a line and pairs of points on that line is always true; for a line equation\"y = mx + b\", the \"up and over\" values can always be obtained from the value of m.","Having found two points on the line, we can continue to use this \"up two, over three\" to find further points for the line (and we'll want to plot at least three points, to make sure everything is lining up correctly).","To get to the \"next\" point on this line, we don't have to do any computationes. Instead, we can go up another two (to y = –2), and over another three to the right (to x = 3), giving us:","(If you're not sure of validity of that last point, then put 3 in for x in the line equation, and verify that you do indeed get –2 for y.)","By the way, did you notice that the line's equation had a \"minus four\", and the line crossed the y-axis at –4? This always happens; the y-intercept (that is, the place where the line crosses the y-axis) for a straight line with equation \"y = mx + b\" is always going to be at y = b.","In the previous example, we started with a graphed line and its equation, found a couple points on the line, found the slope and the y-intercept, and noticed the connection between the line's equation, the values of m and b, and how the equation graphed. Let's try another line equation, but this time we won't start with the graph. Instead, we'll use the equation to find the graph quickly and easily, with a minimum of plotting needed.","We've learned that the number multiplied onto the x is the slope, so the slope is m = –2 for this line. \"But wait!\", I hear you cry; \"There is only an 'up' (well, a 'down') for this slope; there isn't any 'over'!\" Yes, you're right... sort of. But we can deal with this by remembering that any number can be put over \"1\".","In this case, we can use that fact to convert the slope value into a fraction. By putting the –2 over a 1, we get a slope value of . By using this trick, the slope is now reformatted so as to tell us clearly that, from whatever is our first point, we can get to the \"next\" point by going \"down two, and over one\".","So the point (0, 3) is on the line, and is the point where the line crosses the y-axis. In fact, we didn't even need to plug zero in for the variable, because we can see, right in the line's equation, that the y-intercept is going to be at b = 3. So let's plot that point:","Now that we've got our first point, we can use the slope value to find more points. Our restated slope value of tells us that, in going from one point to the (most convenient) next point, we will be going \"down two and over one\". (The \"down\" comes from the \"minus\" sign on the slope's value. The \"over\" is always a move to the right, but the sign on the slope can have us moving either up or down.) So, going down two and over one from the intercept to get to the next point, we land at the point (1, 1):","Then the point (2, –1) is also on this line. And with these three points, we can graph the line:","When you have the equation of a straight line, you can always do quick and easy graphing by starting with the y-intercept value, and then plotting other points by using the slope value. In \"real life\", this may not work so well. For instance, I probably wouldn't try eye-balling the plot points for an equation like, say, y = 0.0062x – 379.04. Instead, I'd use software to get decimal approximations for the plot points. But, for most algebra-class exercises, the above method will work just fine, and can be a real time-saver on tests."]},"parsed_md":"Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines| Purplemath\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n\n * Alphabetically\n * In Study Order\n * HW Guidelines\n * Study Skills Quiz\n * Find Local Tutors\n\n * Demo MathHelp.com\n * Join MathHelp.com\n * Login\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n * Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ACT Math\n * ALEKS Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * HESI Math\n * Math Placement Test\n * NES Math\n * PERT Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * VPT Math\n * \\+ more tests\n * K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n * College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n * Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n# Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines\n\nExamples\n\n## Purplemath\n\nYou've probably already seen the basic method for graphing straight lines;\nnamely, make a T-chart, plot some points, put your ruler against them, and\ndraw the line. But the \"nice\" form of a straight line's equation (being the\nslope-intercept form, y = mx + b) can make graphing even simpler and faster.\n\nGiven two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the formula for the slope of the\nstraight line going through these two points is:\n\nContent Continues Below\n\n## MathHelp.com\n\nSlope-Intercept Form\n\n...where the subscripts merely indicate that we have a \"first\" point (whose\ncoordinates are subscripted with a \"1\") and a \"second\" point (whose\ncoordinates are subscripted with a \"2\"); that is, the subscripts indicate\nnothing more than the fact that we have two points that we're working with.\nNote that which point we pick as the \"first\" point is irrelevant; if we pick\nthe other point to be \"first\", the subtractions will be reversed, but we'll\nstill get the exact same value for the slope:\n\n(If you're not sure that the two formulas above give exactly the same values,\nno matter what pair of points is plugged into them, then pick some points and\ntry them out. See what you get.)\n\nAffiliate\n\nThe formula for slope is sometimes referred to as \"rise over run\", because the\nfraction onsists of the \"rise\" (being the change in y, going up or down)\ndivided by the \"run\" (being the change in x, going from left to the right). If\nyou've ever done roofing, built a staircase, graded landscaping, or installed\ngutters or outflow piping, you've probably encountered this \"rise over run\"\nconcept. The point is that slope tells us how much y is changing for every so\nmuch that x is changing. For example, the slope might (in \"real life\") tell\nyou that, for every one meter that you move toward the street, your yard\nslopes downward by five centimeters.\n\nPictures can be helpful, so let's start our exploration by looking at the\nfollowing line:\n\nFor this equation, we'll look at the line, compute the slope, and consider the\ny-intercept.\n\nTo find some points from the line equation, we have to pick values for one of\nthe variables, and then we must compute the corresponding values of the other\nvariable. Since there is a fraction multiplied on the x, and that fraction has\na denominator of 3, I'm going to pick values which are multiples of 3, so the\ndenominator cancels off. Whole numbers are easier, right?\n\nSo let's start by picking x = –3. Plugging this in, we get:\n\nSo the point we found on the line is (–3, –6) If we then pick x = 0, we get:\n\nThe point we found this time is (0, –4). And now that we have two points on\nthe line, we can find the slope of that line from the slope formula:\n\nLet's look at these two points on the graph:\n\nIn stair-stepping to the right, going from the first point to the second\npoint, our \"path\" can be viewed as forming a right triangle:\n\nThe vertical distance between the y-values of the two points (that is, the\nheight of the triangle) is the \"y2 – y1\" part of the slope formula. The\nhorizontal distance between the x-values (that is, the side-to-side width of\nthe triangle) is the \"x2 – x1\" part of the slope formula. The line we need to\ngraph is the hypotenuse of the right triangle.\n\nNote that the slope for this equation and graph is , or \"two over three\". To\ngo from the first point to the second, we go \"up two and over three\". This\nrelationship between the slope of a line and pairs of points on that line is\nalways true; for a line equation\"y = mx + b\", the \"up and over\" values can\nalways be obtained from the value of m.\n\nContent Continues Below\n\nHaving found two points on the line, we can continue to use this \"up two, over\nthree\" to find further points for the line (and we'll want to plot at least\nthree points, to make sure everything is lining up correctly).\n\nTo get to the \"next\" point on this line, we don't have to do any\ncomputationes. Instead, we can go up another two (to y = –2), and over another\nthree to the right (to x = 3), giving us:\n\nWith these three points, we have confirmed the graph of .\n\n(If you're not sure of validity of that last point, then put 3 in for x in the\nline equation, and verify that you do indeed get –2 for y.)\n\nBy the way, did you notice that the line's equation had a \"minus four\", and\nthe line crossed the y-axis at –4? This always happens; the y-intercept (that\nis, the place where the line crosses the y-axis) for a straight line with\nequation \"y = mx + b\" is always going to be at y = b.\n\nAffiliate\n\nIn the previous example, we started with a graphed line and its equation,\nfound a couple points on the line, found the slope and the y-intercept, and\nnoticed the connection between the line's equation, the values of m and b, and\nhow the equation graphed. Let's try another line equation, but this time we\nwon't start with the graph. Instead, we'll use the equation to find the graph\nquickly and easily, with a minimum of plotting needed.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nOur new equation is:\n\nWe've learned that the number multiplied onto the x is the slope, so the slope\nis m = –2 for this line. \"But wait!\", I hear you cry; \"There is only an 'up'\n(well, a 'down') for this slope; there isn't any 'over'!\" Yes, you're right...\nsort of. But we can deal with this by remembering that any number can be put\nover \"1\".\n\nIn this case, we can use that fact to convert the slope value into a fraction.\nBy putting the –2 over a 1, we get a slope value of . By using this trick, the\nslope is now reformatted so as to tell us clearly that, from whatever is our\nfirst point, we can get to the \"next\" point by going \"down two, and over one\".\n\nLet's start easy with our input values, and use x = 0. Plugging this in, we\nget:\n\ny = –2(0) + 3 = 0 + 3 = 3\n\nSo the point (0, 3) is on the line, and is the point where the line crosses\nthe y-axis. In fact, we didn't even need to plug zero in for the variable,\nbecause we can see, right in the line's equation, that the y-intercept is\ngoing to be at b = 3. So let's plot that point:\n\nNow that we've got our first point, we can use the slope value to find more\npoints. Our restated slope value of tells us that, in going from one point to\nthe (most convenient) next point, we will be going \"down two and over one\".\n(The \"down\" comes from the \"minus\" sign on the slope's value. The \"over\" is\nalways a move to the right, but the sign on the slope can have us moving\neither up or down.) So, going down two and over one from the intercept to get\nto the next point, we land at the point (1, 1):\n\nGoing down another two, and over another one, we get to the next (convenient)\npoint, (2, –1):\n\nThen the point (2, –1) is also on this line. And with these three points, we\ncan graph the line:\n\nWhen you have the equation of a straight line, you can always do quick and\neasy graphing by starting with the y-intercept value, and then plotting other\npoints by using the slope value. In \"real life\", this may not work so well.\nFor instance, I probably wouldn't try eye-balling the plot points for an\nequation like, say, y = 0.0062x – 379.04. Instead, I'd use software to get\ndecimal approximations for the plot points. But, for most algebra-class\nexercises, the above method will work just fine, and can be a real time-saver\non tests.\n\nURL: https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm\n\nPage 2\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n#### Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ACT Math\n * ALEKS Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * HESI Math\n * Math Placement Test\n * NES Math\n * PERT Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * VPT Math\n * \\+ more tests\n\n#### K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n#### College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n\n#### Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n### Share This Page\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n * About Purplemath\n * About the Author\n * Tutoring from PM\n\n * Advertising\n * Linking to PM\n * Site licencing\n\n### Visit Our Profiles\n\n© 2021 Purplemath, Inc. All right reserved. Web Design by\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210201103103/http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Slope of lines, Maths First, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University","passages":["So far, we have learned that the equation for any line can be written in the form y = mx + b. We have also found that the value of b is given by the y-intercept. Now let's have a look at what m represents.","This relationship is true no matter which two distinct points on the line we choose. We call m the slope or gradient of the line. It represents the change in y-value per unit change in x-value.","For example, consider the line given by the equation y = 2x + 1. Here are some points on the line.","Note that the difference between any two y-values divided by the difference of the corresponding x-values is always 2. Thus the slope of the line is m = 2.","Now that we know how to calculate the slope, what does it actually represent? If we imagine a point moving along a straight-line graph from P to R, then the x- and y- coordinates of the point will change and in fact","In other words, the slope of the line tells us the rate of change of y relative to x. If the slope is 2, then y is changing twice as fast as x; if the slope is 1/2, then y is changing half as fast as x, and so on.","For a linear function, the rate of change of y relative to x is always constant, i.e. is the same no matter which values x is changing between.","Note that the slope of the line may be negative; this tells us that y is decreasing as x increases. For example:","The larger the magnitude of the slope, the steeper the line is, i.e. the more it approaches the vertical. In other words, if the line is near vertical then y is changing very fast relative to x. If the slope is small in magnitude, then y is changing slowly relative to x and the line is nearly horizontal. If the slope is zero, then the line is horizontal and y does not change at all (the equation of the line has the form y = c and y = c for all values of x.)","Experiment with the applet below, varying the value of m in the linear equation y = mx + b to see how changing the slope m changes the graph. The initial graph shown is y = 0x + 2 or y = 2. This has a slope of zero and remains stationary for comparison. See how the line changes as the slope m becomes positive or negative.","Can't see the above java applet? Click here to see how to enable Java on your web browser. (This applet is based on free Java applets from JavaMath )"]},"parsed_md":"Slope of lines, Maths First, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey\nUniversity\n\n| Home > College of Sciences > Institute of Fundamental Sciences > Maths First\n> Online Maths Help > Algebra > Linear Equations and Graphs > The Slope|\nSEARCH MASSEY \n---|--- \n \nLIBRARY | NEWS | EVENTS \n \nHome | Study | Research | Extramural | Campuses | Colleges | About Massey |\nLibrary | Fees | Enrolment \n \n * MathsFirst Home\n * Online Maths Help\n\n * Notation\n * Arithmetic\n\n * Decimals\n * Fractions\n * HCF and LCM\n * Order of Operations\n * Signed Numbers\n * Algebra\n\n * Exponents\n\n * Integer Exponents\n * Fractional Exponents\n * Exponents Worksheet\n * Combining Like Terms\n * Simple Expansions\n * Factorisation\n * Mathematical Formulae\n\n * Constructing Formulae\n * Rearranging Formulae\n\n * Order of Operations for Algebraic Expressions\n * Inverse Operations and Functions\n * Rearranging Equations I (Simple Equations)\n * Rearranging Equations II (Quadratic Equations)\n * Rearranging Equations III (Harder Examples)\n * Area, Surface Area and Volume Formulae\n * Coordinate Systems and Graphs\n * Linear Equations & Graphs\n * Simultaneous Linear Equations\n * Polynomials\n * Quadratic Polynomials\n * Rational Functions\n * Logarithms\n * Calculus\n\n * Differentiation\n\n * Tangents, Derivatives and Differentiation\n * The Basic Rules\n * Products and Quotients\n * Chain Rule\n * Logarithmic Differentiation\n * Mixed Differentiation Problems\n * Sign of the Derivative\n * Sign of the Second Derivative\n * Integration\n\n * Basic Integrals\n * Multiple, Sum and Difference Rules\n * Linear Substitution\n * Simpler Integration by Substitution\n * Harder Integration by Substitution\n * Trig Substitution 1\n * Trig Substitution 2\n * Integration by Parts\n * Trigonometry\n\n * Pythagoras Theorem\n * Trig Functions and Related Topics\n * First Year Maths Pathways\n * Readiness Quizzes\n * Study Maths at Massey\n\n * Undergraduate\n * Postgraduate\n * Other Math Links\n * About MathsFirst\n * Contact Us\n\n|\n\n# Linear Equations and Graphs\n\n## Slope (or Gradient)\n\nSo far, we have learned that the equation for any line can be written in the\nform y = mx + b. We have also found that the value of b is given by the\ny-intercept. Now let's have a look at what m represents.\n\nLet (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2) be two distinct points on the line given by y = mx\n+ b. Then\n\n> y_1 = mx_1 + b\n>\n> y_2 = mx_2 + b\n\nSubtracting the second equation from the first gives\n\n> y_1 - y_2 = mx_1 - mx_2\n\nFactoring out the m we get\n\n> y_1 - y_2 = m(x_1 - x_2)\n\nDividing both sides by (x_1 - x_2)\n\nThis relationship is true no matter which two distinct points on the line we\nchoose. We call m the slope or gradient of the line. It represents the change\nin y-value per unit change in x-value.\n\nFor example, consider the line given by the equation y = 2x + 1. Here are some\npoints on the line.\n\n|\n\nx\n\n|\n\ny \n \n---|--- \n \n0\n\n|\n\n1 \n \n1\n\n|\n\n3 \n \n2\n\n|\n\n5 \n \n3\n\n|\n\n7 \n \nNote that the difference between any two y-values divided by the difference of\nthe corresponding x-values is always 2. Thus the slope of the line is m = 2.\n\nNote that the slope of a vertical line is undefined as the change in x\ncoordinates is zero:\n\n### Exercise 4A.\n\nTry finding the slope of a line which passes through two given points:\n\nNow that we know how to calculate the slope, what does it actually represent?\nIf we imagine a point moving along a straight-line graph from P to R, then the\nx- and y- coordinates of the point will change and in fact\n\nIn other words, the slope of the line tells us the rate of change of y\nrelative to x. If the slope is 2, then y is changing twice as fast as x; if\nthe slope is 1/2, then y is changing half as fast as x, and so on.\n\nFor a linear function, the rate of change of y relative to x is always\nconstant, i.e. is the same no matter which values x is changing between.\n\nNote that the slope of the line may be negative; this tells us that y is\ndecreasing as x increases. For example:\n\nThe larger the magnitude of the slope, the steeper the line is, i.e. the more\nit approaches the vertical. In other words, if the line is near vertical then\ny is changing very fast relative to x. If the slope is small in magnitude,\nthen y is changing slowly relative to x and the line is nearly horizontal. If\nthe slope is zero, then the line is horizontal and y does not change at all\n(the equation of the line has the form y = c and y = c for all values of x.)\n\n### Example 4\n\nExperiment with the applet below, varying the value of m in the linear\nequation y = mx + b to see how changing the slope m changes the graph. The\ninitial graph shown is y = 0x + 2 or y = 2. This has a slope of zero and\nremains stationary for comparison. See how the line changes as the slope m\nbecomes positive or negative.\n\nCan't see the above java applet? Click here to see how to enable Java on your\nweb browser. (This applet is based on free Java applets from JavaMath )\n\nDetermining the Sign of a Slope from its Graph Exercises (opens in new window)\n\n<< Intercepts | Linear Equations and Graphs Index | Graphing a Linear Function\nUsing the y-intercept and Slope >> \n \nContact Us | About Massey University | Sitemap | Disclaimer | Last updated:\nNovember 21, 2012 © Massey University 2003 \n---\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127043515/https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition","parsed_text":{"title":"What's the Y-Intercept?","passages":["When you have a linear equation, the y-intercept is the point where the graph of the line crosses the y-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the y-intercept. Check it out!","To find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, plug in 0 for 'y' and solve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, plug 0 in for 'x' and solve for 'y'. In this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for a given linear equation. Check it out!","When you're learning about linear equations, you're bound to run into the point-slope form of a line. This form is quite useful in creating an equation of a line if you're given the slope and a point on the line. Watch this tutorial, and learn about the point-slope form of a line!","Ordered pairs are a crucial part of graphing, but you need to know how to identify the coordinates in an ordered pair if you're going to plot it on a coordinate plane. In this tutorial, you'll see how to identify the x-coordinate in an ordered pair!","* #### What is the Y-Axis?\nTo graph a function or plot an ordered pair, you need to use a coordinate plane, so you should learn all about it! In this tutorial, you'll learn about the y-axis and see where it's located in the coordinate plane.","To find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, simply remove the 'y' and solve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, remove the 'x' and solve for 'y'. In this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for a given linear equation. Check it out!","* #### What's the X-Intercept?\nWhen you have a linear equation, the x-intercept is the point where the graph of the line crosses the x-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the x-intercept. Check it out!","Want some practice finding the y-intercept of a line? In this tutorial, you're given the slope of a line and a point on that line and asked to find the y-intercept. Watch this tutorial and see how the equation for the slope- intercept form of a line is used to figure out the answer!"]},"parsed_md":"What's the Y-Intercept? | Virtual Nerd\n\nReal math help.\n\n# What's the Y-Intercept?\n\n# What's the Y-Intercept?\n\n### Note:\n\nWhen you have a linear equation, the y-intercept is the point where the graph\nof the line crosses the y-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the y-intercept.\nCheck it out!\n\n### Keywords:\n\n * definition\n * line\n * y-intercept\n * intercept\n * y-axis\n\n### Background Tutorials\n\n * #### X- and Y-Intercepts\n\n * #### How Do You Find the X- and Y-Intercepts of a Line in Slope-Intercept Form?\n\nTo find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, plug in 0 for 'y' and\nsolve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, plug 0 in for 'x' and solve for 'y'.\nIn this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept\nfor a given linear equation. Check it out!\n\n * #### Working with Slope-Intercept Form\n\n * #### What's Slope-Intercept Form of a Linear Equation?\n\nWhen you're learning about linear equations, you're bound to run into the\npoint-slope form of a line. This form is quite useful in creating an equation\nof a line if you're given the slope and a point on the line. Watch this\ntutorial, and learn about the point-slope form of a line!\n\n * #### Ordered Pairs and The Coordinate Plane\n\n * #### What is the X-Coordinate?\n\nOrdered pairs are a crucial part of graphing, but you need to know how to\nidentify the coordinates in an ordered pair if you're going to plot it on a\ncoordinate plane. In this tutorial, you'll see how to identify the\nx-coordinate in an ordered pair!\n\n * #### What is the Y-Axis?\n\nTo graph a function or plot an ordered pair, you need to use a coordinate\nplane, so you should learn all about it! In this tutorial, you'll learn about\nthe y-axis and see where it's located in the coordinate plane.\n\n### Further Exploration\n\n * #### X- and Y-Intercepts\n\n * #### How Do You Use X- and Y-Intercepts To Graph a Line In Standard Form?\n\nTo find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, simply remove the 'y' and\nsolve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, remove the 'x' and solve for 'y'. In\nthis tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for\na given linear equation. Check it out!\n\n * #### What's the X-Intercept?\n\nWhen you have a linear equation, the x-intercept is the point where the graph\nof the line crosses the x-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the x-intercept.\nCheck it out!\n\n * #### Working with Slope-Intercept Form\n\n * #### How Do You Find the Y-Intercept of a Line If You Have Another Point and the Slope?\n\nWant some practice finding the y-intercept of a line? In this tutorial, you're\ngiven the slope of a line and a point on that line and asked to find the\ny-intercept. Watch this tutorial and see how the equation for the slope-\nintercept form of a line is used to figure out the answer!\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200114202807/https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations","parsed_text":{"title":"Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7 (video)","passages":["Let's do a couple of problems graphing linear equations. They are a bunch of ways to graph linear equations. What we'll do in this video is the most basic way. Where we will just plot a bunch of values and then connect the dots. I think you'll see what I'm saying. So here I have an equation, a linear equation. I'll rewrite it just in case that was too small. y is equal to 2x plus 7. I want to graph this linear equation. Before I even take out the graph paper, what I could do is set up a table. Where I pick a bunch of x values and then I can figure out what y value would correspond to each of those x values. So for example, if x is equal to-- let me start really low-- if x is equal to minus 2-- or negative 2, I should say-- what is y? Well, you substitute negative 2 up here. It would be 2 times negative 2 plus 7. This is negative 4 plus 7. This is equal to 3. If x is equal to-- I'm just picking x values at random that might be indicative of-- I'll probably do three or four points here. So what happens when x is equal to 0? Then y is going to be equal to 2 times 0 plus 7. Is going to be equal to 7. I just happen to be going up by 2. You could be going up by 1 or you could be picking numbers at random. When x is equal to 2, what is y? It'll be 2 times 2 plus 7. So 4 plus 7 is equal to 11. I could keep plotting points if I like. We should already have enough to graph it. Actually to plot any line, you actually only need two points. So we already have one more than necessary. Actually, let me just do one more just to show you that this really is a line. So what happens when x is equal to 4? Actually, just to not go up by 2, let's do x is equal to 8. Just to pick a random number. Then y is going to be 2 times 8 plus 7, which is-- well this might go off of our graph paper-- but 2 times 8 is 16 plus 7 is equal to 23. Now let's graph it. Let me do my y-axis right there. That is my y-axis. Let me do my x-axis. I have a lot of positive values here, so a lot of space on the positive y-side. That is my x-axis. And then I use the points x is equal to negative 2. That's negative 1. That's 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Those are our x values. Then we can go up into the y-axis. I'll do it at a slightly different scale because these numbers get large very quickly. So maybe I'll do it in increments of 2. So this could be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. I could just keep going up there, but let's plot these points. So the first coordinate I have is x is equal to negative 2, y is equal to 3. So I can write my coordinate. It's going to be the point negative 2, 3. x is negative 2. y is 3. 3 would land right over there. So that's our first one, negative 2, 3. Then our next point. 0, 7. We do it in that color. 0, 7. x is 0. Y is 7. Right there. 0, 7. We have this one in green here. Point 2, 11. 2, 11 would be right about there. And then this last point-- this is actually going to fall off of my graph. 8, 23. That's going to be way up here someplace. If you can even see what I'm doing. This is 8, 23. If we connect the dots, you'll see a line forms. Let me connect these dots. I've obviously hand drawn it, so it might not be a perfectly straight line. If you had a computer do it, it would be a straight line. So you could keep picking x values and figuring out the corresponding y values. In the situation y is a function of our x values. If you kept plotting every point, you'll get every line. If you picked every possible x and plotted every one, you get every point on the line. Let's do another problem. At the airport, you can change your money from dollars into Euros. The service costs $5. and for every additional dollar, you get EUR 0.7. Make a table for this and plot the function on a graph. Use your graph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. I will write Euros is equal to-- so let's see, it's going to be dollars. So you're going to have to give your dollars. Right off of the bat, they're going to take $5. So dollars minus 5. So immediately this service costs $5. And then everything that's leftover-- this is your leftover-- you get EUR 0.7 for every leftover dollars. You get 0.7 for whatever's leftover. So this is the relationship. Now we can plot points-- we could actually answer their question right off the bat. If you give them $50, we don't even have to look at a graph. But we will look at a graph right after this. So if you did Euros is equal to-- if you have given them $50-- it would be 0.7 times 50 minus 5. You gave them 50. They took 5 as a service fee. So this is just $45 It would be 0.7 times 45. I could do that right here. 45 times 0.7. 7 times 5 is 35. 4 times 7 is 28 plus 3 is 31. And then we have only one number behind the decimal, only this 7. So it's 31.5. So if you give them $50, you're going to get EUR 31.5. Euros, not dollars. So we answered their question, but let's actually do it graphically. Let's do a table. Maybe I'll get a calculator out. I'll refer to that in a little bit. So let's say dollars you give them. And how many Euros do you get? I'll just put a bunch of random numbers. If you give them $5, they're just going to take your $5 for the fee. You're going to get $5 minus 5, which is 0 times 0.7. So you're going to get nothing back. So there's really no good reason for you to do that. Then if you give them $10. What's going to happen? If you give them $10, 10 minus 5 is 5 times 0.7. You're going to get $3-- or I should say EUR 3.50. 3.5 Euros, you'll get. Now what happens if you give them $30? Actually let me say 25. If you give him $25, 25 minus 5 is 20. 20 times 0.7 is $14. I'll do one more value. Let's say you gave them $55. This makes the math easy because then you subtract that 5 out. 55 minus 5 is 50 times 0.7 is $35. Is that right? Yep, that's right. You'll get EUR 35 I should say. These are all Euros. I keep wanting to say dollars. Let's plot this. All of these values are positive, so I only have to draw the first quadrant here. And so the dollars-- let's go in increments of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55. I made my x-axis a little shorter than I needed to. All the way up to 55. And then the y-axis. I'll go in increments of 5. So that's 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35. Well that's a little bit too much of an increment. 35. Now let's plot these points. I give them $5. I get EUR 0. This right here is Euros. This is the dollars. The dollars is the independent variable and we figure out the Euros from it. Or the Euros I get is dependent on the dollars I get. If I give $10, I get EUR 3.50. 3.50-- it's hard to read. Maybe 3.50 would be right around there. If I give $25, I get EUR 14. 25, 14 is right about there. Obviously, I'm hand drawing it, so it's not going to be quite exact. If I get $55, I get EUR 35. So 55, 35 right there. If I were to connect to the dots, I should get something that looks pretty close to a line. If I did it-- if I was a computer, it would be exactly a line. That looks pretty good. Then we could eyeball what they asked us to do. Use your graph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. This is 50 right here. So you go bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. I'm at the graph. Then you go all the way-- actually I drew that last point on the graph a little bit incorrectly. Let me. 35 is right here. Let me redraw that point. 35 is right there roughly. So 55, 35 is right there. So let me redraw my line. It will look-- I lost 25. 25, 14 is right there. So my graph looks something like that. That's my best attempt. Now let's answer the question. We give them $50 right there. You go up, up, up, up, up, up, up. $50. The person is going to get. You go all the way to the left-hand side. That's right about 31.50. We figured out exactly using the formula. But you can see, you can eyeball it from the graph and figure out any amount of dollars. If you give them $20, you're going to go all the way over here. You'll figure out that it should be-- well $20 should be about 7.50. The imprecision in my graph-- in my drawing the graph makes it a little bit less exact. When you say 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times-- actually it'll be a little over $10, which is right. It's right over there. If you put $20 in there, 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times 0.7 is $10.50, which is right there. So you can look at any point in the graph and figure out how many Euros you'll get. Let's do this one where we'll do a little bit of reading a graph. The graph-- I think it said use the graph below. Oh, the graph below shows a conversion chart for converting between weight in kilograms and weight in pounds. Use it to convert the following measurements. We have kilograms here and pounds here. So they want 4 kilograms into weight into pounds. So if we look at this right here, 4 kilograms is right there. We just follow where the graph is. So 4 kilograms into pounds, it looks like, I don't know, a little bit under 9 pounds. So a little bit less than-- so almost, I'll write almost 9 pounds. You can't exactly see. It's a little less than 9 pounds right there. 4 kilograms. Now 9 kilograms. We go over here. 9 kilograms. Go all the way up. That looks like almost exactly 20 pounds. Here they say 12 pounds into weight in kilograms. Actually kilograms is mass, but I won't get particular. So 12 pounds. Go over here. Pounds. 12 pounds in kilograms looks like 5 1/2. Approximately 5 1/2. And then 17 pounds to kilograms. So 17 is right there. 17 pounds to kilograms looks right about 7 1/2 kilograms. Anyway, hopefully that these examples made you a little bit more comfortable with graphing equations and reading graphs of equations. I'll see you in the next video."]},"parsed_md":"Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7 (video) | Khan Academy\n\nIf you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external\nresources on our website.\n\nIf you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains\n*.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked.\n\nMain content\n\nMath Class 9 math (India) Linear equations in two variables Graph of a Linear\nEquation in Two Variables\n\n## Graph of a Linear Equation in Two Variables\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\n\nThis is the currently selected item.\n\n * Practice: Graph from linear standard form\n\nCurrent time:0:00Total duration:13:10\n\n0 energy points\n\nMath·Class 9 math (India)·Linear equations in two variables·Graph of a Linear\nEquation in Two Variables\n\n# Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\n\nCCSS Math: 8.F.A.1\n\nGoogle ClassroomFacebookTwitter\n\nEmail\n\n## Graph of a Linear Equation in Two Variables\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\n\nThis is the currently selected item.\n\n * Practice: Graph from linear standard form\n\nTags\n\nGraphing linear equationsWord problems\n\n## Video transcript\n\nLet's do a couple of problems graphing linear equations. They are a bunch of\nways to graph linear equations. What we'll do in this video is the most basic\nway. Where we will just plot a bunch of values and then connect the dots. I\nthink you'll see what I'm saying. So here I have an equation, a linear\nequation. I'll rewrite it just in case that was too small. y is equal to 2x\nplus 7. I want to graph this linear equation. Before I even take out the graph\npaper, what I could do is set up a table. Where I pick a bunch of x values and\nthen I can figure out what y value would correspond to each of those x values.\nSo for example, if x is equal to-- let me start really low-- if x is equal to\nminus 2-- or negative 2, I should say-- what is y? Well, you substitute\nnegative 2 up here. It would be 2 times negative 2 plus 7. This is negative 4\nplus 7. This is equal to 3. If x is equal to-- I'm just picking x values at\nrandom that might be indicative of-- I'll probably do three or four points\nhere. So what happens when x is equal to 0? Then y is going to be equal to 2\ntimes 0 plus 7. Is going to be equal to 7. I just happen to be going up by 2.\nYou could be going up by 1 or you could be picking numbers at random. When x\nis equal to 2, what is y? It'll be 2 times 2 plus 7. So 4 plus 7 is equal to\n11. I could keep plotting points if I like. We should already have enough to\ngraph it. Actually to plot any line, you actually only need two points. So we\nalready have one more than necessary. Actually, let me just do one more just\nto show you that this really is a line. So what happens when x is equal to 4?\nActually, just to not go up by 2, let's do x is equal to 8. Just to pick a\nrandom number. Then y is going to be 2 times 8 plus 7, which is-- well this\nmight go off of our graph paper-- but 2 times 8 is 16 plus 7 is equal to 23.\nNow let's graph it. Let me do my y-axis right there. That is my y-axis. Let me\ndo my x-axis. I have a lot of positive values here, so a lot of space on the\npositive y-side. That is my x-axis. And then I use the points x is equal to\nnegative 2. That's negative 1. That's 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Those are our\nx values. Then we can go up into the y-axis. I'll do it at a slightly\ndifferent scale because these numbers get large very quickly. So maybe I'll do\nit in increments of 2. So this could be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. I could\njust keep going up there, but let's plot these points. So the first coordinate\nI have is x is equal to negative 2, y is equal to 3. So I can write my\ncoordinate. It's going to be the point negative 2, 3. x is negative 2. y is 3.\n3 would land right over there. So that's our first one, negative 2, 3. Then\nour next point. 0, 7. We do it in that color. 0, 7. x is 0. Y is 7. Right\nthere. 0, 7. We have this one in green here. Point 2, 11. 2, 11 would be right\nabout there. And then this last point-- this is actually going to fall off of\nmy graph. 8, 23. That's going to be way up here someplace. If you can even see\nwhat I'm doing. This is 8, 23. If we connect the dots, you'll see a line\nforms. Let me connect these dots. I've obviously hand drawn it, so it might\nnot be a perfectly straight line. If you had a computer do it, it would be a\nstraight line. So you could keep picking x values and figuring out the\ncorresponding y values. In the situation y is a function of our x values. If\nyou kept plotting every point, you'll get every line. If you picked every\npossible x and plotted every one, you get every point on the line. Let's do\nanother problem. At the airport, you can change your money from dollars into\nEuros. The service costs $5. and for every additional dollar, you get EUR 0.7.\nMake a table for this and plot the function on a graph. Use your graph to\ndetermine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. I will\nwrite Euros is equal to-- so let's see, it's going to be dollars. So you're\ngoing to have to give your dollars. Right off of the bat, they're going to\ntake $5. So dollars minus 5. So immediately this service costs $5. And then\neverything that's leftover-- this is your leftover-- you get EUR 0.7 for every\nleftover dollars. You get 0.7 for whatever's leftover. So this is the\nrelationship. Now we can plot points-- we could actually answer their question\nright off the bat. If you give them $50, we don't even have to look at a\ngraph. But we will look at a graph right after this. So if you did Euros is\nequal to-- if you have given them $50-- it would be 0.7 times 50 minus 5. You\ngave them 50. They took 5 as a service fee. So this is just $45 It would be\n0.7 times 45. I could do that right here. 45 times 0.7. 7 times 5 is 35. 4\ntimes 7 is 28 plus 3 is 31. And then we have only one number behind the\ndecimal, only this 7. So it's 31.5. So if you give them $50, you're going to\nget EUR 31.5. Euros, not dollars. So we answered their question, but let's\nactually do it graphically. Let's do a table. Maybe I'll get a calculator out.\nI'll refer to that in a little bit. So let's say dollars you give them. And\nhow many Euros do you get? I'll just put a bunch of random numbers. If you\ngive them $5, they're just going to take your $5 for the fee. You're going to\nget $5 minus 5, which is 0 times 0.7. So you're going to get nothing back. So\nthere's really no good reason for you to do that. Then if you give them $10.\nWhat's going to happen? If you give them $10, 10 minus 5 is 5 times 0.7.\nYou're going to get $3-- or I should say EUR 3.50. 3.5 Euros, you'll get. Now\nwhat happens if you give them $30? Actually let me say 25. If you give him\n$25, 25 minus 5 is 20. 20 times 0.7 is $14. I'll do one more value. Let's say\nyou gave them $55. This makes the math easy because then you subtract that 5\nout. 55 minus 5 is 50 times 0.7 is $35. Is that right? Yep, that's right.\nYou'll get EUR 35 I should say. These are all Euros. I keep wanting to say\ndollars. Let's plot this. All of these values are positive, so I only have to\ndraw the first quadrant here. And so the dollars-- let's go in increments of\n5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55. I made my x-axis a little shorter\nthan I needed to. All the way up to 55. And then the y-axis. I'll go in\nincrements of 5. So that's 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35. Well that's a little bit\ntoo much of an increment. 35. Now let's plot these points. I give them $5. I\nget EUR 0. This right here is Euros. This is the dollars. The dollars is the\nindependent variable and we figure out the Euros from it. Or the Euros I get\nis dependent on the dollars I get. If I give $10, I get EUR 3.50. 3.50-- it's\nhard to read. Maybe 3.50 would be right around there. If I give $25, I get EUR\n14. 25, 14 is right about there. Obviously, I'm hand drawing it, so it's not\ngoing to be quite exact. If I get $55, I get EUR 35. So 55, 35 right there. If\nI were to connect to the dots, I should get something that looks pretty close\nto a line. If I did it-- if I was a computer, it would be exactly a line. That\nlooks pretty good. Then we could eyeball what they asked us to do. Use your\ngraph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50.\nThis is 50 right here. So you go bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. I'm\nat the graph. Then you go all the way-- actually I drew that last point on the\ngraph a little bit incorrectly. Let me. 35 is right here. Let me redraw that\npoint. 35 is right there roughly. So 55, 35 is right there. So let me redraw\nmy line. It will look-- I lost 25. 25, 14 is right there. So my graph looks\nsomething like that. That's my best attempt. Now let's answer the question. We\ngive them $50 right there. You go up, up, up, up, up, up, up. $50. The person\nis going to get. You go all the way to the left-hand side. That's right about\n31.50. We figured out exactly using the formula. But you can see, you can\neyeball it from the graph and figure out any amount of dollars. If you give\nthem $20, you're going to go all the way over here. You'll figure out that it\nshould be-- well $20 should be about 7.50. The imprecision in my graph-- in my\ndrawing the graph makes it a little bit less exact. When you say 20 minus 5 is\n15. 15 times-- actually it'll be a little over $10, which is right. It's right\nover there. If you put $20 in there, 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times 0.7 is $10.50,\nwhich is right there. So you can look at any point in the graph and figure out\nhow many Euros you'll get. Let's do this one where we'll do a little bit of\nreading a graph. The graph-- I think it said use the graph below. Oh, the\ngraph below shows a conversion chart for converting between weight in\nkilograms and weight in pounds. Use it to convert the following measurements.\nWe have kilograms here and pounds here. So they want 4 kilograms into weight\ninto pounds. So if we look at this right here, 4 kilograms is right there. We\njust follow where the graph is. So 4 kilograms into pounds, it looks like, I\ndon't know, a little bit under 9 pounds. So a little bit less than-- so\nalmost, I'll write almost 9 pounds. You can't exactly see. It's a little less\nthan 9 pounds right there. 4 kilograms. Now 9 kilograms. We go over here. 9\nkilograms. Go all the way up. That looks like almost exactly 20 pounds. Here\nthey say 12 pounds into weight in kilograms. Actually kilograms is mass, but I\nwon't get particular. So 12 pounds. Go over here. Pounds. 12 pounds in\nkilograms looks like 5 1/2. Approximately 5 1/2. And then 17 pounds to\nkilograms. So 17 is right there. 17 pounds to kilograms looks right about 7\n1/2 kilograms. Anyway, hopefully that these examples made you a little bit\nmore comfortable with graphing equations and reading graphs of equations. I'll\nsee you in the next video.\n\nGraphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\n\nGraph from linear standard form\n\nUp Next\n\nGraph from linear standard form\n\nOur mission is to provide a free, world-class education to anyone, anywhere.\n\nKhan Academy is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Donate or volunteer today!\n\n## Site Navigation\n\n * ### About\n\n * News\n * Impact\n * Our team\n * Our interns\n * Our content specialists\n * Our leadership\n * Our supporters\n * Our contributors\n * Our finances\n * Careers\n * Internships\n * ### Contact\n\n * Help center\n * Support community\n * Share your story\n * Press\n * ### Download our apps\n\n * iOS app\n * Android app\n * ### Courses\n\nCountryU.S.IndiaMexicoBrazil\n\n© 2020 Khan Academy\n\nTerms of use\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014228/https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In this tutorial we will be looking at graphing lines. There are several ways that you can approach graphing a line. We will be looking specifically at using the y-intercept and slope to help us get our straight line. I will provide a review on slope as well as the slope/intercept form of a line as we go through this lesson. If you need more review on these concepts, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line and Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines. The concept of graphing vertical and horizontal lines will also be covered on this page. Basically, we will plot the y-intercept point and then use the slope to find a second point and then connect the dots to get your graph.\",\n \"Here is a little review on what the slope of a line tells about that line. If you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line.\",\n \"Rise means how many units you move up or down from point to point. On the graph that would be a change in the y values.\",\n \"Run means how far left or right you move from point to point. On the graph, that would mean a change of x values.\",\n \"Here is a little review on the slope/intercept form of the equation of a line. If you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines.\",\n \"When it is in this form it makes it easier to identify the slope and the y-intercept of the line.\",\n \"In this form, the slope is m, which is the coefficient in front of x and the y-intercept is the constant b.\",\n \"You will start with the y-intercept and rise up or down and then run left or right depending on the sign of the slope.\",\n \"Use the concept of slope being rise over run (rise/run) to determine how to use the slope to find your second point.\",\n \"What do you think is the positive direction for rise, up or down? If you said up, pat yourself on the back. That means down is the negative direction for rise. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the y-axis. Going up above the origin are the positive values, and going down below the origin are the negative values.\",\n \"What do you think is the positive direction for run, right or left? If you said right, pat yourself on the back. That means left is the negative direction for run. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the x-axis. Going to the right of the origin are the positive values, and going to the left of the origin are the negative values.\",\n \"If the slope is positive, then the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the right OR down and to the left. The reason both negative directions work is our slope is rise over run and if you have a negative over a negative, it simplifies to be a positive.\",\n \"If the slope is negative, then the rise and the run have to be opposites of each other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the left OR down and to the right. If you make them both negative, then it would simplify to be a positive and you would have the wrong graph and you don't want to do that.\",\n \"Also keep in mind, if your slope is a non-zero integer like -5 or 10, that there is a denominator or run of your slope. What is the denominator of a non- zero integer? If you said 1, you are correct!!!\",\n \"Lining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the slope and y-intercept are?\",\n \"In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be 3.\",\n \"Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 1.\",\n \"In step 1 we found our slope to be 3. What would the denominator of 3 be? If you said 1, you are right on. So we can think of 3 as 3/1. That makes it easier to think of it as rise over run (rise/run).\",\n \"Since we have a positive slope, the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 3 and run right 1 OR go down 3 and left 1.\",\n \"Note that if we would have gone down 3 and left 1 from our y-intercept, that we would have ended up at (-1, -2) which would have lined up with the other points.\",\n \"In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be -3/2.\",\n \"Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 3.\",\n \"Since we have a negative slope the rise and the run have to be opposites of each other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. So, we can either go down 3 and run right 2 OR rise up 3 and run left 2.\",\n \"Note that if we rose up 3 and ran left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have ended up at (-2, 6) which would have lined up with the other points.\",\n \"Lining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the slope and y-intercept are?\",\n \"In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be 5/2.\",\n \"Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 0.\",\n \"Since we have a positive slope the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 5 and run right 2 OR go down 5 and left 2.\",\n \"Note that if we would have gone down 5 and left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have ended up at (-2, -5) which would have lined up with the other points.\",\n \"If you have an equation x = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to graph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a vertical line with x-intercept of (c, 0).\",\n \"Even though you do not see a y in the equation, you can still graph it on a two dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for a given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that has an x value of c would be a solution. As long as x never changes value, it is always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a vertical line.\",\n \"Also, note that except for the vertical line x = 0, a vertical line does not go through the y-axis. So that means a vertical line has no y-intercept, unless it is x = 0.\",\n \"If you have an equation y = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to graph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a horizontal line with y- intercept of (0, c).\",\n \"Even though you do not see an x in the equation, you can still graph it on a two dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for a given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that has a y value of c would be a solution. As long as y never changes value, it is always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a horizontal line.\",\n \"Since we have a horizontal line, what is our slope going to be? If you said 0, you are so right!!!\",\n \"Note how we have an equation that has x set equal to a constant, where there is no y. Since this fits the form of x = c described above, we can jump to the chase and draw our vertical line:\",\n \"Since we have a vertical line, what is our slope going to be? If you said undefined, you are so right!!!\",\n \"These are practice problems to help bring you to the next level. It will allow you to check and see if you have an understanding of these types of problems. Math works just like anything else, if you want to get good at it, then you need to practice it. Even the best athletes and musicians had help along the way and lots of practice, practice, practice, to get good at their sport or instrument. In fact there is no such thing as too much practice.\",\n \"To get the most out of these, you should work the problem out on your own and then check your answer by clicking on the link for the answer/discussion for that problem. At the link you will find the answer as well as any steps that went into finding that answer.\",\n \"Go to Get Help Outside the Classroom found in Tutorial 1: How to Succeed in a Math Class for some more suggestions.\",\n \"Last revised on Feb. 11, 2010 by Kim Seward. All contents copyright (C) 2002 - 2010, WTAMU and Kim Seward. All rights reserved.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Title\\n\\n|\\n\\n * VML\\n * COLLEGE ALGEBRA\\n * INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA\\n * BEGINNING ALGEBRA\\n * GRE MATH\\n * THEA/ACCUPLACER\\n\\n \\n--- \\n|\\n\\nCollege Algebra Tutorial 27: Graphing Lines\\n\\nWTAMU > Virtual Math Lab > College Algebra\\n\\nLearning Objectives\\n\\n|\\n\\nAfter completing this tutorial, you should be able to:\\n\\n 1. Graph a straight line using the y-intercept and slope.\\n 2. Graph vertical and horizontal lines.\\n\\n \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIntroduction\\n\\nIn this tutorial we will be looking at graphing lines. There are several ways\\nthat you can approach graphing a line. We will be looking specifically at\\nusing the y-intercept and slope to help us get our straight line. I will\\nprovide a review on slope as well as the slope/intercept form of a line as we\\ngo through this lesson. If you need more review on these concepts, feel free\\nto go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line and Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines. The\\nconcept of graphing vertical and horizontal lines will also be covered on this\\npage. Basically, we will plot the y-intercept point and then use the slope to\\nfind a second point and then connect the dots to get your graph. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nTutorial\\n\\nHere is a little review on what the slope of a line tells about that line. If\\nyou need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a\\nLine. \\n \\n--- \\nSlope \\n--- \\n \\nThe slope of a line measures the steepness of the line.\\n\\nMost of you are probably familiar with associating slope with \\\"rise over run\\\".\\n\\n|\\n\\nRise means how many units you move up or down from point to point. On the\\ngraph that would be a change in the y values.\\n\\nRun means how far left or right you move from point to point. On the graph,\\nthat would mean a change of x values. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nHere are some visuals to help you with this definition:\\n\\nPositive slope:\\n\\nNote that when a line has a positive slope it goes up left to right. \\n \\nNegative slope:\\n\\nNote that when a line has a negative slope it goes down left to right. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nZero slope:\\n\\nslope = 0\\n\\nNote that when a line is horizontal the slope is 0. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nUndefined slope:\\n\\nslope = undefined\\n\\nNote that when the line is vertical the slope is undefined. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nHere is a little review on the slope/intercept form of the equation of a line.\\nIf you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 26:\\nEquations of Lines. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSlope/Intercept Equation of a Line \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIf your linear equation is written in this form, m represents the slope and b\\nrepresents the y-intercept.\\n\\nThis form can be handy if you need to find the slope of a line given the\\nequation. \\n \\n--- \\nGraphing a Line Using the y-intercept and Slope \\n--- \\n \\nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\\ny-intercept. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nWhen it is in this form it makes it easier to identify the slope and the\\ny-intercept of the line.\\n\\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the coefficient in front of x and the\\ny-intercept is the constant b. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nRecall that the y-intercept is where it crosses the y-axis. So x's value will\\nbe 0.\\n\\nIf you need more review on intercepts, feel free to go to Tutorial 26:\\nEquations of Lines. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nYou will start with the y-intercept and rise up or down and then run left or\\nright depending on the sign of the slope.\\n\\nUse the concept of slope being rise over run (rise/run) to determine how to\\nuse the slope to find your second point.\\n\\nWhat do you think is the positive direction for rise, up or down? If you said\\nup, pat yourself on the back. That means down is the negative direction for\\nrise. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the y-axis.\\nGoing up above the origin are the positive values, and going down below the\\norigin are the negative values.\\n\\nWhat do you think is the positive direction for run, right or left? If you\\nsaid right, pat yourself on the back. That means left is the negative\\ndirection for run. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on\\nthe x-axis. Going to the right of the origin are the positive values, and\\ngoing to the left of the origin are the negative values.\\n\\nIf the slope is positive, then the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\\npositive or BOTH negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the\\nright OR down and to the left. The reason both negative directions work is our\\nslope is rise over run and if you have a negative over a negative, it\\nsimplifies to be a positive.\\n\\nIf the slope is negative, then the rise and the run have to be opposites of\\neach other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. In other words,\\nyou will be going up and to the left OR down and to the right. If you make\\nthem both negative, then it would simplify to be a positive and you would have\\nthe wrong graph and you don't want to do that.\\n\\nAlso keep in mind, if your slope is a non-zero integer like -5 or 10, that\\nthere is a denominator or run of your slope. What is the denominator of a non-\\nzero integer? If you said 1, you are correct!!! \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nAll of the graphs in this tutorial will be straight lines. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nExample 1: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\\n\\n> View a video of this example \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\\ny-intercept. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nThis equation is already in slope/intercept form: \\n \\n--- \\n \\n*Slope/intercept form \\n \\n--- \\n \\nLining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the\\nslope and y-intercept are?\\n\\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\\nproblem that would have to be 3.\\n\\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\\nwould be 1.\\n\\nHow did you do? \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 1.\\n\\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 1): \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIn step 1 we found our slope to be 3. What would the denominator of 3 be? If\\nyou said 1, you are right on. So we can think of 3 as 3/1. That makes it\\neasier to think of it as rise over run (rise/run).\\n\\nSince we have a positive slope, the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\\npositive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 3 and run right 1 OR go\\ndown 3 and left 1.\\n\\nI chose to rise up 3 and run right 1, starting on the y-intercept:: \\n \\n--- \\n \\nNote that if we would have gone down 3 and left 1 from our y-intercept, that\\nwe would have ended up at (-1, -2) which would have lined up with the other\\npoints. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nExample 2: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\\n\\n> View a video of this example \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\\ny-intercept. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSolve for y to get it into the slope/intercept form: \\n \\n--- \\n \\n*Inverse of add. 3x is sub. 3x\\n\\n*Inverse of mult. 2 is div. 2\\n\\n*Slope/intercept form \\n \\n--- \\n \\nLining up the form with the equation we got, can you see what the slope and\\ny-intercept are?\\n\\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\\nproblem that would have to be -3/2.\\n\\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\\nwould be 3.\\n\\nHow did you do? \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 3.\\n\\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 3): \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIn step 1 we found our slope to be -3/2.\\n\\nSince we have a negative slope the rise and the run have to be opposites of\\neach other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. So, we can\\neither go down 3 and run right 2 OR rise up 3 and run left 2.\\n\\nI chose to go down 3 and run right 2, starting on the y-intercept: \\n \\n--- \\n \\nNote that if we rose up 3 and ran left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have\\nended up at (-2, 6) which would have lined up with the other points. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nExample 3: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\\n\\n> View a video of this example \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\\ny-intercept. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nThis equation is already in slope/intercept form: \\n \\n--- \\n \\n*Slope/intercept form \\n \\n--- \\n \\nLining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the\\nslope and y-intercept are?\\n\\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\\nproblem that would have to be 5/2.\\n\\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\\nwould be 0.\\n\\nHow did you do? \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 0.\\n\\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 0): \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIn step 1 we found our slope to be 5/2.\\n\\nSince we have a positive slope the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\\npositive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 5 and run right 2 OR go\\ndown 5 and left 2.\\n\\nI chose to rise up 5 and run right 2, starting on the y-intercept: \\n \\n--- \\n \\nNote that if we would have gone down 5 and left 2 from our y-intercept, we\\nwould have ended up at (-2, -5) which would have lined up with the other\\npoints. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nVertical Lines\\n\\nx = c \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIf you have an equation x = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to\\ngraph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a vertical line with\\nx-intercept of (c, 0).\\n\\nEven though you do not see a y in the equation, you can still graph it on a\\ntwo dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for\\na given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that\\nhas an x value of c would be a solution. As long as x never changes value, it\\nis always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a\\nvertical line.\\n\\nBelow is an illustration of a vertical line x = c:\\n\\nAs mentioned above, the slope of a vertical line is undefined.\\n\\nAlso, note that except for the vertical line x = 0, a vertical line does not\\ngo through the y-axis. So that means a vertical line has no y-intercept,\\nunless it is x = 0. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nHorizontal Lines\\n\\ny = c \\n \\n--- \\n \\nIf you have an equation y = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to\\ngraph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a horizontal line with y-\\nintercept of (0, c).\\n\\nEven though you do not see an x in the equation, you can still graph it on a\\ntwo dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for\\na given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that\\nhas a y value of c would be a solution. As long as y never changes value, it\\nis always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a\\nhorizontal line.\\n\\nBelow is an illustration of a horizontal line y = c:\\n\\nAs mentioned above, a horizontal line has a slope of 0.\\n\\nA horizontal line's y-intercept is whatever y is set equal to. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nExample 4: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\\n\\n> View a video of this example \\n \\n--- \\n \\nNote how we have an equation that has y set equal to a constant, where there\\nis no x. Since this fits the form of y = c described above, we can cut to the\\nchase and draw our horizontal line: \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSince we have a horizontal line, what is our slope going to be? If you said 0,\\nyou are so right!!!\\n\\nWhat would the y-intercept be? Give yourself a high five if you said 2. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nExample 5: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\\n\\n> View a video of this example \\n \\n--- \\n \\nNote how we are missing a y and even though it is not quite in the form x = c,\\nthat we can get it in that form.\\n\\nLets first rewrite this in the form x = c and then go from there: \\n \\n--- \\n \\n*Written in the form x = c \\n \\n--- \\n \\nNote how we have an equation that has x set equal to a constant, where there\\nis no y. Since this fits the form of x = c described above, we can jump to the\\nchase and draw our vertical line: \\n \\n--- \\n \\nSince we have a vertical line, what is our slope going to be? If you said\\nundefined, you are so right!!!\\n\\nWhat would the y-intercept be? Give yourself a high five if you said there is\\nno y-intercept. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nPractice Problems\\n\\nThese are practice problems to help bring you to the next level. It will allow\\nyou to check and see if you have an understanding of these types of problems.\\nMath works just like anything else, if you want to get good at it, then you\\nneed to practice it. Even the best athletes and musicians had help along the\\nway and lots of practice, practice, practice, to get good at their sport or\\ninstrument. In fact there is no such thing as too much practice.\\n\\nTo get the most out of these, you should work the problem out on your own and\\nthen check your answer by clicking on the link for the answer/discussion for\\nthat problem. At the link you will find the answer as well as any steps that\\nwent into finding that answer. \\n \\n--- \\n \\n> Practice Problems 1a - 1d: Give the slope and y-intercept of the given line\\n> and then graph it.\\n\\n1a. (answer/discussion to 1a)\\n\\n|\\n\\n1b. (answer/discussion to 1b) \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n1c. (answer/discussion to 1c)\\n\\n|\\n\\n1d. (answer/discussion to 1d) \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nNeed Extra Help on these Topics?\\n\\nThe following are webpages that can assist you in the topics that were covered\\non this page:\\n\\n|\\n\\nhttp://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/int_algebra/int_alg_tut15_slope.htm\\nThis website helps you with the slope of a line.\\n\\nhttp://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/int_algebra/int_alg_tut14_lineargr.htm#vertical\\nThis website helps with vertical and horizontal lines.\\n\\nhttp://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm This webpage helps you with\\ngraphing a line using the y-intercept and the slope. \\n \\n--- \\n \\nGo to Get Help Outside the Classroom found in Tutorial 1: How to Succeed in a\\nMath Class for some more suggestions. \\n \\nWTAMU > Virtual Math Lab > College Algebra\\n\\nLast revised on Feb. 11, 2010 by Kim Seward. All contents copyright (C) 2002 -\\n2010, WTAMU and Kim Seward. All rights reserved. \\n \\n * Accessibility\\n * Accreditation\\n * Contact Us\\n * Emergency Information\\n * Equal Opportunity/Nondiscrimination\\n * Form Policy\\n\\n * House Bill 2504\\n * Legislative Appropriation Request\\n * Link Policy and Privacy Statement\\n * Online Institutional Resumes\\n * Open Records/Public Information Act\\n * Risk, Fraud and Misconduct Hotline\\n\\n * Site Map\\n * State of Texas\\n * Statewide Search\\n * Texas Homeland Security\\n * Texas Veterans Portal\\n * University Organizational Chart\\n\\n� West Texas A&M University | All Rights Reserved | Canyon, TX 79016 |\\n806-651-0000\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190827082102/http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Intercepts of Linear Equations\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The straight line on the graph below intercepts the two coordinate axes. The point where the line crosses the x-axis is called the [x-intercept]. The [y-intercept] is the point where the line crosses the y-axis.\",\n \"We can use the characteristics of intercepts to quickly calculate them from the equation of a line. Just see how easy it is, as we find the x- and y-intercepts for the line _.\",\n \"To find the y-intercept, we substitute 0 for x in the equation, because we know that every point on the y-axis has an x-coordinate of 0. Once we do that, we can solve to find the value of y. When we make x = 0, the equation becomes _, which works out to y = 2. So when x = 0, y = 2. The coordinates of the y-intercept are (0, 2).\",\n \"Now we’ll follow the same steps to find the x-intercept. We’ll let y = 0 in the equation, and solve for x. When y = 0, the equation for the line becomes _, and that works out to x = 3. When y = 0, x = 3. The coordinates of the x-intercept are (3, 0).\",\n \"Incorrect. _is the x-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\",\n \"Incorrect. This answer switches the values of x and y. Coordinates are given in the order (x, y). At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\",\n \"Incorrect. This is the co-efficient of x and the constant, not the y-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\",\n \"Knowing the intercepts of a line is a useful thing. For one thing, it makes it easy to draw the graph of a line—we just have to plot the intercepts and then draw a line through them. Let’s do it with the equation _. We figured out that the intercepts of the line this equation represents are (0, 2) and (3, 0). That’s all we need to know:\",\n \"Intercepts are also valuable tools for predicting or tracking a process. At each intercept, one of the two quantities being plotted reaches zero. That means that the intercepts of a line can be used to mark the beginning and the end of a process.\",\n \"Imagine a student named Morgan who is buying a laptop for $1,080 to use for school. Morgan is going to use the computer store’s finance plan to make this purchase—she’ll pay $45 per month for 24 months.\",\n \"She wants to know how much she will still owe after each month of the plan. She can keep track of her debt by making a graph. The x-axis will be the number of months and the y-axis will represent the amount of money she still owes on the finance plan. Morgan knows two points in her pay-off schedule. The day she buys the computer, she’ll be at 0 months passed and $1,080 owed. The day she pays it off completely, she’ll be at 24 months passed and $0 owed. With these two points, she can draw a line, running from the y-intercept at (0, 1080) to the x-intercept at (24, 0).\",\n \"Morgan can now use this graph to figure out how much money she still owes after any number of months.\",\n \"Let’s look at another situation involving intercepts, this time when we know only one intercept and want to find the other. Joe is a lifeguard at the local swimming pool. It’s the end of the summer, and the pool is being drained. Joe has to wait by the pool until it’s completely empty, so no one falls in and drowns. How can poor Joe figure out how long that’s going to take?\",\n \"If Joe has taken an algebra course, he’s got it made. The pool contains 10,200 gallons of water. It drains at a rate of 680 gallons per hour. Joe can use that information to make a table of how much water will be left in the pool hour by hour.\",\n \"Once he’s calculated a few data points, Joe can use a graph and intercepts as a short-cut to find out how long it will be until the pool is dry. Joe’s starting point is the y-intercept, where the pool is full at 10,200 gallons and the elapsed time is 0. Next, he plots the volume of the pool at 1, 2, 3, and finally 4 hours.\",\n \"Now all Joe needs to do is connect the points with a line, and then extend the line until it meets the x-axis.\",\n \"The line intercepts the x-axis when x = 15. So now Joe knows—the pool will take 15 hours to drain completely. It’s going to be a long day.\",\n \"We’ve now seen the usefulness of the intercepts of a line. When we know where a line crosses the x- and y-axes, we can easily produce the graph or the equation for that line. When we know one of the intercepts and the slope of a line, we can find the beginning or predict the end of a process.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Intercepts of Linear Equations\\n\\nIntercepts of Linear Equations\\n\\nLearning Objective(s)\\n\\n· Calculate the intercepts of a line.\\n\\n· Use the intercepts to plot a line.\\n\\nIntroduction\\n\\nThe intercepts of a line are the points where the line intercepts, or crosses,\\nthe horizontal and vertical axes.\\n\\nThe straight line on the graph below intercepts the two coordinate axes. The\\npoint where the line crosses the x-axis is called the [x-intercept]. The\\n[y-intercept] is the point where the line crosses the y-axis.\\n\\nNotice that the y-intercept occurs where x = 0, and the x-intercept occurs\\nwhere y = 0.\\n\\nCalculating Intercepts\\n\\nWe can use the characteristics of intercepts to quickly calculate them from\\nthe equation of a line. Just see how easy it is, as we find the x- and\\ny-intercepts for the line _.\\n\\nTo find the y-intercept, we substitute 0 for x in the equation, because we\\nknow that every point on the y-axis has an x-coordinate of 0. Once we do that,\\nwe can solve to find the value of y. When we make x = 0, the equation becomes\\n_, which works out to y = 2. So when x = 0, y = 2. The coordinates of the\\ny-intercept are (0, 2).\\n\\nExample \\n \\n--- \\n \\nProblem\\n\\n|\\n\\n3y + 2x\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n6 \\n \\n3y + 2(0)\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n6 \\n \\n3y\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n6 \\n \\n_\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n_ \\n \\nAnswer\\n\\n|\\n\\ny\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n2 \\n \\nNow we’ll follow the same steps to find the x-intercept. We’ll let y = 0 in\\nthe equation, and solve for x. When y = 0, the equation for the line becomes\\n_, and that works out to x = 3. When y = 0, x = 3. The coordinates of the\\nx-intercept are (3, 0).\\n\\nExample \\n \\n--- \\n \\nProblem\\n\\n|\\n\\n3y + 2x\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n6 \\n \\n3(0) + 2x\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n6 \\n \\n2x\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n6 \\n \\n_\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n_ \\n \\nAnswer\\n\\n|\\n\\nx\\n\\n|\\n\\n=\\n\\n|\\n\\n3 \\n \\nSee, I told you that it would be easy.\\n\\nWhat is the y-intercept of a line with the equation _?\\n\\nA) _\\n\\nB) (-4, 0)\\n\\nC) (0, -4)\\n\\nD) (5, -4)\\n\\nShow/Hide Answer\\n\\nA) _\\n\\nIncorrect. _is the x-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is\\nsubstituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\\n\\nB) (-4, 0)\\n\\nIncorrect. This answer switches the values of x and y. Coordinates are given\\nin the order (x, y). At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in\\nthe equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\\n\\nC) (0, -4)\\n\\nCorrect. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the\\nequation, y = -4.\\n\\nD) (5, -4)\\n\\nIncorrect. This is the co-efficient of x and the constant, not the\\ny-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the\\nequation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\\n\\nUsing Intercepts to Graph Lines\\n\\nKnowing the intercepts of a line is a useful thing. For one thing, it makes it\\neasy to draw the graph of a line—we just have to plot the intercepts and then\\ndraw a line through them. Let’s do it with the equation _. We figured out that\\nthe intercepts of the line this equation represents are (0, 2) and (3, 0).\\nThat’s all we need to know:\\n\\nAnd there we have the line.\\n\\nIntercepts and Problem-solving\\n\\nIntercepts are also valuable tools for predicting or tracking a process. At\\neach intercept, one of the two quantities being plotted reaches zero. That\\nmeans that the intercepts of a line can be used to mark the beginning and the\\nend of a process.\\n\\nImagine a student named Morgan who is buying a laptop for $1,080 to use for\\nschool. Morgan is going to use the computer store’s finance plan to make this\\npurchase—she’ll pay $45 per month for 24 months.\\n\\nShe wants to know how much she will still owe after each month of the plan.\\nShe can keep track of her debt by making a graph. The x-axis will be the\\nnumber of months and the y-axis will represent the amount of money she still\\nowes on the finance plan. Morgan knows two points in her pay-off schedule. The\\nday she buys the computer, she’ll be at 0 months passed and $1,080 owed. The\\nday she pays it off completely, she’ll be at 24 months passed and $0 owed.\\nWith these two points, she can draw a line, running from the y-intercept at\\n(0, 1080) to the x-intercept at (24, 0).\\n\\nMorgan can now use this graph to figure out how much money she still owes\\nafter any number of months.\\n\\nLet’s look at another situation involving intercepts, this time when we know\\nonly one intercept and want to find the other. Joe is a lifeguard at the local\\nswimming pool. It’s the end of the summer, and the pool is being drained. Joe\\nhas to wait by the pool until it’s completely empty, so no one falls in and\\ndrowns. How can poor Joe figure out how long that’s going to take?\\n\\nIf Joe has taken an algebra course, he’s got it made. The pool contains 10,200\\ngallons of water. It drains at a rate of 680 gallons per hour. Joe can use\\nthat information to make a table of how much water will be left in the pool\\nhour by hour.\\n\\nx, Time\\n\\n(hours)\\n\\n|\\n\\ny, Volume of Water (gallons) \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n0\\n\\n|\\n\\n10,200 \\n \\n1\\n\\n|\\n\\n9,520 \\n \\n2\\n\\n|\\n\\n8,840 \\n \\n3\\n\\n|\\n\\n8,160 \\n \\n4\\n\\n|\\n\\n7,480 \\n \\nOnce he’s calculated a few data points, Joe can use a graph and intercepts as\\na short-cut to find out how long it will be until the pool is dry. Joe’s\\nstarting point is the y-intercept, where the pool is full at 10,200 gallons\\nand the elapsed time is 0. Next, he plots the volume of the pool at 1, 2, 3,\\nand finally 4 hours.\\n\\nNow all Joe needs to do is connect the points with a line, and then extend the\\nline until it meets the x-axis.\\n\\nThe line intercepts the x-axis when x = 15. So now Joe knows—the pool will\\ntake 15 hours to drain completely. It’s going to be a long day.\\n\\nSummary\\n\\nWe’ve now seen the usefulness of the intercepts of a line. When we know where\\na line crosses the x- and y-axes, we can easily produce the graph or the\\nequation for that line. When we know one of the intercepts and the slope of a\\nline, we can find the beginning or predict the end of a process.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210527101716/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"You've probably already seen the basic method for graphing straight lines; namely, make a T-chart, plot some points, put your ruler against them, and draw the line. But the \\\"nice\\\" form of a straight line's equation (being the slope-intercept form, y = mx + b) can make graphing even simpler and faster.\",\n \"Given two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the formula for the slope of the straight line going through these two points is:\",\n \"...where the subscripts merely indicate that we have a \\\"first\\\" point (whose coordinates are subscripted with a \\\"1\\\") and a \\\"second\\\" point (whose coordinates are subscripted with a \\\"2\\\"); that is, the subscripts indicate nothing more than the fact that we have two points that we're working with. Note that which point we pick as the \\\"first\\\" point is irrelevant; if we pick the other point to be \\\"first\\\", the subtractions will be reversed, but we'll still get the exact same value for the slope:\",\n \"(If you're not sure that the two formulas above give exactly the same values, no matter what pair of points is plugged into them, then pick some points and try them out. See what you get.)\",\n \"The formula for slope is sometimes referred to as \\\"rise over run\\\", because the fraction onsists of the \\\"rise\\\" (being the change in y, going up or down) divided by the \\\"run\\\" (being the change in x, going from left to the right). If you've ever done roofing, built a staircase, graded landscaping, or installed gutters or outflow piping, you've probably encountered this \\\"rise over run\\\" concept. The point is that slope tells us how much y is changing for every so much that x is changing. For example, the slope might (in \\\"real life\\\") tell you that, for every one meter that you move toward the street, your yard slopes downward by five centimeters.\",\n \"To find some points from the line equation, we have to pick values for one of the variables, and then we must compute the corresponding values of the other variable. Since there is a fraction multiplied on the x, and that fraction has a denominator of 3, I'm going to pick values which are multiples of 3, so the denominator cancels off. Whole numbers are easier, right?\",\n \"So the point we found on the line is (–3, –6) If we then pick x = 0, we get:\",\n \"The point we found this time is (0, –4). And now that we have two points on the line, we can find the slope of that line from the slope formula:\",\n \"In stair-stepping to the right, going from the first point to the second point, our \\\"path\\\" can be viewed as forming a right triangle:\",\n \"The vertical distance between the y-values of the two points (that is, the height of the triangle) is the \\\"y2 – y1\\\" part of the slope formula. The horizontal distance between the x-values (that is, the side-to-side width of the triangle) is the \\\"x2 – x1\\\" part of the slope formula. The line we need to graph is the hypotenuse of the right triangle.\",\n \"Note that the slope for this equation and graph is , or \\\"two over three\\\". To go from the first point to the second, we go \\\"up two and over three\\\". This relationship between the slope of a line and pairs of points on that line is always true; for a line equation\\\"y = mx + b\\\", the \\\"up and over\\\" values can always be obtained from the value of m.\",\n \"Having found two points on the line, we can continue to use this \\\"up two, over three\\\" to find further points for the line (and we'll want to plot at least three points, to make sure everything is lining up correctly).\",\n \"To get to the \\\"next\\\" point on this line, we don't have to do any computationes. Instead, we can go up another two (to y = –2), and over another three to the right (to x = 3), giving us:\",\n \"(If you're not sure of validity of that last point, then put 3 in for x in the line equation, and verify that you do indeed get –2 for y.)\",\n \"By the way, did you notice that the line's equation had a \\\"minus four\\\", and the line crossed the y-axis at –4? This always happens; the y-intercept (that is, the place where the line crosses the y-axis) for a straight line with equation \\\"y = mx + b\\\" is always going to be at y = b.\",\n \"In the previous example, we started with a graphed line and its equation, found a couple points on the line, found the slope and the y-intercept, and noticed the connection between the line's equation, the values of m and b, and how the equation graphed. Let's try another line equation, but this time we won't start with the graph. Instead, we'll use the equation to find the graph quickly and easily, with a minimum of plotting needed.\",\n \"We've learned that the number multiplied onto the x is the slope, so the slope is m = –2 for this line. \\\"But wait!\\\", I hear you cry; \\\"There is only an 'up' (well, a 'down') for this slope; there isn't any 'over'!\\\" Yes, you're right... sort of. But we can deal with this by remembering that any number can be put over \\\"1\\\".\",\n \"In this case, we can use that fact to convert the slope value into a fraction. By putting the –2 over a 1, we get a slope value of . By using this trick, the slope is now reformatted so as to tell us clearly that, from whatever is our first point, we can get to the \\\"next\\\" point by going \\\"down two, and over one\\\".\",\n \"So the point (0, 3) is on the line, and is the point where the line crosses the y-axis. In fact, we didn't even need to plug zero in for the variable, because we can see, right in the line's equation, that the y-intercept is going to be at b = 3. So let's plot that point:\",\n \"Now that we've got our first point, we can use the slope value to find more points. Our restated slope value of tells us that, in going from one point to the (most convenient) next point, we will be going \\\"down two and over one\\\". (The \\\"down\\\" comes from the \\\"minus\\\" sign on the slope's value. The \\\"over\\\" is always a move to the right, but the sign on the slope can have us moving either up or down.) So, going down two and over one from the intercept to get to the next point, we land at the point (1, 1):\",\n \"Then the point (2, –1) is also on this line. And with these three points, we can graph the line:\",\n \"When you have the equation of a straight line, you can always do quick and easy graphing by starting with the y-intercept value, and then plotting other points by using the slope value. In \\\"real life\\\", this may not work so well. For instance, I probably wouldn't try eye-balling the plot points for an equation like, say, y = 0.0062x – 379.04. Instead, I'd use software to get decimal approximations for the plot points. But, for most algebra-class exercises, the above method will work just fine, and can be a real time-saver on tests.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines| Purplemath\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n * Home\\n * Lessons\\n\\n * Alphabetically\\n * In Study Order\\n * HW Guidelines\\n * Study Skills Quiz\\n * Find Local Tutors\\n\\n * Demo MathHelp.com\\n * Join MathHelp.com\\n * Login\\n\\n### Select a Course Below\\n\\n * Standardized Test Prep\\n\\n * ACCUPLACER Math\\n * ACT Math\\n * ALEKS Math\\n * ASVAB Math\\n * CBEST Math\\n * CLEP Math\\n * FTCE Math\\n * GED Math\\n * GMAT Math\\n * GRE Math\\n * HESI Math\\n * Math Placement Test\\n * NES Math\\n * PERT Math\\n * PRAXIS Math\\n * SAT Math\\n * TEAS Math\\n * TSI Math\\n * VPT Math\\n * \\\\+ more tests\\n * K12 Math\\n\\n * 5th Grade Math\\n * 6th Grade Math\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n * College Math\\n\\n * College Pre-Algebra\\n * Introductory Algebra\\n * Intermediate Algebra\\n * College Algebra\\n * Homeschool Math\\n\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n\\n# Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines\\n\\nExamples\\n\\n## Purplemath\\n\\nYou've probably already seen the basic method for graphing straight lines;\\nnamely, make a T-chart, plot some points, put your ruler against them, and\\ndraw the line. But the \\\"nice\\\" form of a straight line's equation (being the\\nslope-intercept form, y = mx + b) can make graphing even simpler and faster.\\n\\nGiven two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the formula for the slope of the\\nstraight line going through these two points is:\\n\\nContent Continues Below\\n\\n## MathHelp.com\\n\\nSlope-Intercept Form\\n\\n...where the subscripts merely indicate that we have a \\\"first\\\" point (whose\\ncoordinates are subscripted with a \\\"1\\\") and a \\\"second\\\" point (whose\\ncoordinates are subscripted with a \\\"2\\\"); that is, the subscripts indicate\\nnothing more than the fact that we have two points that we're working with.\\nNote that which point we pick as the \\\"first\\\" point is irrelevant; if we pick\\nthe other point to be \\\"first\\\", the subtractions will be reversed, but we'll\\nstill get the exact same value for the slope:\\n\\n(If you're not sure that the two formulas above give exactly the same values,\\nno matter what pair of points is plugged into them, then pick some points and\\ntry them out. See what you get.)\\n\\nAffiliate\\n\\nThe formula for slope is sometimes referred to as \\\"rise over run\\\", because the\\nfraction onsists of the \\\"rise\\\" (being the change in y, going up or down)\\ndivided by the \\\"run\\\" (being the change in x, going from left to the right). If\\nyou've ever done roofing, built a staircase, graded landscaping, or installed\\ngutters or outflow piping, you've probably encountered this \\\"rise over run\\\"\\nconcept. The point is that slope tells us how much y is changing for every so\\nmuch that x is changing. For example, the slope might (in \\\"real life\\\") tell\\nyou that, for every one meter that you move toward the street, your yard\\nslopes downward by five centimeters.\\n\\nPictures can be helpful, so let's start our exploration by looking at the\\nfollowing line:\\n\\nFor this equation, we'll look at the line, compute the slope, and consider the\\ny-intercept.\\n\\nTo find some points from the line equation, we have to pick values for one of\\nthe variables, and then we must compute the corresponding values of the other\\nvariable. Since there is a fraction multiplied on the x, and that fraction has\\na denominator of 3, I'm going to pick values which are multiples of 3, so the\\ndenominator cancels off. Whole numbers are easier, right?\\n\\nSo let's start by picking x = –3. Plugging this in, we get:\\n\\nSo the point we found on the line is (–3, –6) If we then pick x = 0, we get:\\n\\nThe point we found this time is (0, –4). And now that we have two points on\\nthe line, we can find the slope of that line from the slope formula:\\n\\nLet's look at these two points on the graph:\\n\\nIn stair-stepping to the right, going from the first point to the second\\npoint, our \\\"path\\\" can be viewed as forming a right triangle:\\n\\nThe vertical distance between the y-values of the two points (that is, the\\nheight of the triangle) is the \\\"y2 – y1\\\" part of the slope formula. The\\nhorizontal distance between the x-values (that is, the side-to-side width of\\nthe triangle) is the \\\"x2 – x1\\\" part of the slope formula. The line we need to\\ngraph is the hypotenuse of the right triangle.\\n\\nNote that the slope for this equation and graph is , or \\\"two over three\\\". To\\ngo from the first point to the second, we go \\\"up two and over three\\\". This\\nrelationship between the slope of a line and pairs of points on that line is\\nalways true; for a line equation\\\"y = mx + b\\\", the \\\"up and over\\\" values can\\nalways be obtained from the value of m.\\n\\nContent Continues Below\\n\\nHaving found two points on the line, we can continue to use this \\\"up two, over\\nthree\\\" to find further points for the line (and we'll want to plot at least\\nthree points, to make sure everything is lining up correctly).\\n\\nTo get to the \\\"next\\\" point on this line, we don't have to do any\\ncomputationes. Instead, we can go up another two (to y = –2), and over another\\nthree to the right (to x = 3), giving us:\\n\\nWith these three points, we have confirmed the graph of .\\n\\n(If you're not sure of validity of that last point, then put 3 in for x in the\\nline equation, and verify that you do indeed get –2 for y.)\\n\\nBy the way, did you notice that the line's equation had a \\\"minus four\\\", and\\nthe line crossed the y-axis at –4? This always happens; the y-intercept (that\\nis, the place where the line crosses the y-axis) for a straight line with\\nequation \\\"y = mx + b\\\" is always going to be at y = b.\\n\\nAffiliate\\n\\nIn the previous example, we started with a graphed line and its equation,\\nfound a couple points on the line, found the slope and the y-intercept, and\\nnoticed the connection between the line's equation, the values of m and b, and\\nhow the equation graphed. Let's try another line equation, but this time we\\nwon't start with the graph. Instead, we'll use the equation to find the graph\\nquickly and easily, with a minimum of plotting needed.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nOur new equation is:\\n\\nWe've learned that the number multiplied onto the x is the slope, so the slope\\nis m = –2 for this line. \\\"But wait!\\\", I hear you cry; \\\"There is only an 'up'\\n(well, a 'down') for this slope; there isn't any 'over'!\\\" Yes, you're right...\\nsort of. But we can deal with this by remembering that any number can be put\\nover \\\"1\\\".\\n\\nIn this case, we can use that fact to convert the slope value into a fraction.\\nBy putting the –2 over a 1, we get a slope value of . By using this trick, the\\nslope is now reformatted so as to tell us clearly that, from whatever is our\\nfirst point, we can get to the \\\"next\\\" point by going \\\"down two, and over one\\\".\\n\\nLet's start easy with our input values, and use x = 0. Plugging this in, we\\nget:\\n\\ny = –2(0) + 3 = 0 + 3 = 3\\n\\nSo the point (0, 3) is on the line, and is the point where the line crosses\\nthe y-axis. In fact, we didn't even need to plug zero in for the variable,\\nbecause we can see, right in the line's equation, that the y-intercept is\\ngoing to be at b = 3. So let's plot that point:\\n\\nNow that we've got our first point, we can use the slope value to find more\\npoints. Our restated slope value of tells us that, in going from one point to\\nthe (most convenient) next point, we will be going \\\"down two and over one\\\".\\n(The \\\"down\\\" comes from the \\\"minus\\\" sign on the slope's value. The \\\"over\\\" is\\nalways a move to the right, but the sign on the slope can have us moving\\neither up or down.) So, going down two and over one from the intercept to get\\nto the next point, we land at the point (1, 1):\\n\\nGoing down another two, and over another one, we get to the next (convenient)\\npoint, (2, –1):\\n\\nThen the point (2, –1) is also on this line. And with these three points, we\\ncan graph the line:\\n\\nWhen you have the equation of a straight line, you can always do quick and\\neasy graphing by starting with the y-intercept value, and then plotting other\\npoints by using the slope value. In \\\"real life\\\", this may not work so well.\\nFor instance, I probably wouldn't try eye-balling the plot points for an\\nequation like, say, y = 0.0062x – 379.04. Instead, I'd use software to get\\ndecimal approximations for the plot points. But, for most algebra-class\\nexercises, the above method will work just fine, and can be a real time-saver\\non tests.\\n\\nURL: https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm\\n\\nPage 2\\n\\n### Select a Course Below\\n\\n#### Standardized Test Prep\\n\\n * ACCUPLACER Math\\n * ACT Math\\n * ALEKS Math\\n * ASVAB Math\\n * CBEST Math\\n * CLEP Math\\n * FTCE Math\\n * GED Math\\n * GMAT Math\\n * GRE Math\\n * HESI Math\\n * Math Placement Test\\n * NES Math\\n * PERT Math\\n * PRAXIS Math\\n * SAT Math\\n * TEAS Math\\n * TSI Math\\n * VPT Math\\n * \\\\+ more tests\\n\\n#### K12 Math\\n\\n * 5th Grade Math\\n * 6th Grade Math\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n\\n#### College Math\\n\\n * College Pre-Algebra\\n * Introductory Algebra\\n * Intermediate Algebra\\n * College Algebra\\n\\n#### Homeschool Math\\n\\n * Pre-Algebra\\n * Algebra 1\\n * Geometry\\n * Algebra 2\\n\\n### Share This Page\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy\\n * Contact\\n\\n * About Purplemath\\n * About the Author\\n * Tutoring from PM\\n\\n * Advertising\\n * Linking to PM\\n * Site licencing\\n\\n### Visit Our Profiles\\n\\n© 2021 Purplemath, Inc. All right reserved. Web Design by\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210201103103/http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Slope of lines, Maths First, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"So far, we have learned that the equation for any line can be written in the form y = mx + b. We have also found that the value of b is given by the y-intercept. Now let's have a look at what m represents.\",\n \"This relationship is true no matter which two distinct points on the line we choose. We call m the slope or gradient of the line. It represents the change in y-value per unit change in x-value.\",\n \"For example, consider the line given by the equation y = 2x + 1. Here are some points on the line.\",\n \"Note that the difference between any two y-values divided by the difference of the corresponding x-values is always 2. Thus the slope of the line is m = 2.\",\n \"Now that we know how to calculate the slope, what does it actually represent? If we imagine a point moving along a straight-line graph from P to R, then the x- and y- coordinates of the point will change and in fact\",\n \"In other words, the slope of the line tells us the rate of change of y relative to x. If the slope is 2, then y is changing twice as fast as x; if the slope is 1/2, then y is changing half as fast as x, and so on.\",\n \"For a linear function, the rate of change of y relative to x is always constant, i.e. is the same no matter which values x is changing between.\",\n \"Note that the slope of the line may be negative; this tells us that y is decreasing as x increases. For example:\",\n \"The larger the magnitude of the slope, the steeper the line is, i.e. the more it approaches the vertical. In other words, if the line is near vertical then y is changing very fast relative to x. If the slope is small in magnitude, then y is changing slowly relative to x and the line is nearly horizontal. If the slope is zero, then the line is horizontal and y does not change at all (the equation of the line has the form y = c and y = c for all values of x.)\",\n \"Experiment with the applet below, varying the value of m in the linear equation y = mx + b to see how changing the slope m changes the graph. The initial graph shown is y = 0x + 2 or y = 2. This has a slope of zero and remains stationary for comparison. See how the line changes as the slope m becomes positive or negative.\",\n \"Can't see the above java applet? Click here to see how to enable Java on your web browser. (This applet is based on free Java applets from JavaMath )\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Slope of lines, Maths First, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey\\nUniversity\\n\\n| Home > College of Sciences > Institute of Fundamental Sciences > Maths First\\n> Online Maths Help > Algebra > Linear Equations and Graphs > The Slope|\\nSEARCH MASSEY \\n---|--- \\n \\nLIBRARY | NEWS | EVENTS \\n \\nHome | Study | Research | Extramural | Campuses | Colleges | About Massey |\\nLibrary | Fees | Enrolment \\n \\n * MathsFirst Home\\n * Online Maths Help\\n\\n * Notation\\n * Arithmetic\\n\\n * Decimals\\n * Fractions\\n * HCF and LCM\\n * Order of Operations\\n * Signed Numbers\\n * Algebra\\n\\n * Exponents\\n\\n * Integer Exponents\\n * Fractional Exponents\\n * Exponents Worksheet\\n * Combining Like Terms\\n * Simple Expansions\\n * Factorisation\\n * Mathematical Formulae\\n\\n * Constructing Formulae\\n * Rearranging Formulae\\n\\n * Order of Operations for Algebraic Expressions\\n * Inverse Operations and Functions\\n * Rearranging Equations I (Simple Equations)\\n * Rearranging Equations II (Quadratic Equations)\\n * Rearranging Equations III (Harder Examples)\\n * Area, Surface Area and Volume Formulae\\n * Coordinate Systems and Graphs\\n * Linear Equations & Graphs\\n * Simultaneous Linear Equations\\n * Polynomials\\n * Quadratic Polynomials\\n * Rational Functions\\n * Logarithms\\n * Calculus\\n\\n * Differentiation\\n\\n * Tangents, Derivatives and Differentiation\\n * The Basic Rules\\n * Products and Quotients\\n * Chain Rule\\n * Logarithmic Differentiation\\n * Mixed Differentiation Problems\\n * Sign of the Derivative\\n * Sign of the Second Derivative\\n * Integration\\n\\n * Basic Integrals\\n * Multiple, Sum and Difference Rules\\n * Linear Substitution\\n * Simpler Integration by Substitution\\n * Harder Integration by Substitution\\n * Trig Substitution 1\\n * Trig Substitution 2\\n * Integration by Parts\\n * Trigonometry\\n\\n * Pythagoras Theorem\\n * Trig Functions and Related Topics\\n * First Year Maths Pathways\\n * Readiness Quizzes\\n * Study Maths at Massey\\n\\n * Undergraduate\\n * Postgraduate\\n * Other Math Links\\n * About MathsFirst\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n|\\n\\n# Linear Equations and Graphs\\n\\n## Slope (or Gradient)\\n\\nSo far, we have learned that the equation for any line can be written in the\\nform y = mx + b. We have also found that the value of b is given by the\\ny-intercept. Now let's have a look at what m represents.\\n\\nLet (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2) be two distinct points on the line given by y = mx\\n+ b. Then\\n\\n> y_1 = mx_1 + b\\n>\\n> y_2 = mx_2 + b\\n\\nSubtracting the second equation from the first gives\\n\\n> y_1 - y_2 = mx_1 - mx_2\\n\\nFactoring out the m we get\\n\\n> y_1 - y_2 = m(x_1 - x_2)\\n\\nDividing both sides by (x_1 - x_2)\\n\\nThis relationship is true no matter which two distinct points on the line we\\nchoose. We call m the slope or gradient of the line. It represents the change\\nin y-value per unit change in x-value.\\n\\nFor example, consider the line given by the equation y = 2x + 1. Here are some\\npoints on the line.\\n\\n|\\n\\nx\\n\\n|\\n\\ny \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n0\\n\\n|\\n\\n1 \\n \\n1\\n\\n|\\n\\n3 \\n \\n2\\n\\n|\\n\\n5 \\n \\n3\\n\\n|\\n\\n7 \\n \\nNote that the difference between any two y-values divided by the difference of\\nthe corresponding x-values is always 2. Thus the slope of the line is m = 2.\\n\\nNote that the slope of a vertical line is undefined as the change in x\\ncoordinates is zero:\\n\\n### Exercise 4A.\\n\\nTry finding the slope of a line which passes through two given points:\\n\\nNow that we know how to calculate the slope, what does it actually represent?\\nIf we imagine a point moving along a straight-line graph from P to R, then the\\nx- and y- coordinates of the point will change and in fact\\n\\nIn other words, the slope of the line tells us the rate of change of y\\nrelative to x. If the slope is 2, then y is changing twice as fast as x; if\\nthe slope is 1/2, then y is changing half as fast as x, and so on.\\n\\nFor a linear function, the rate of change of y relative to x is always\\nconstant, i.e. is the same no matter which values x is changing between.\\n\\nNote that the slope of the line may be negative; this tells us that y is\\ndecreasing as x increases. For example:\\n\\nThe larger the magnitude of the slope, the steeper the line is, i.e. the more\\nit approaches the vertical. In other words, if the line is near vertical then\\ny is changing very fast relative to x. If the slope is small in magnitude,\\nthen y is changing slowly relative to x and the line is nearly horizontal. If\\nthe slope is zero, then the line is horizontal and y does not change at all\\n(the equation of the line has the form y = c and y = c for all values of x.)\\n\\n### Example 4\\n\\nExperiment with the applet below, varying the value of m in the linear\\nequation y = mx + b to see how changing the slope m changes the graph. The\\ninitial graph shown is y = 0x + 2 or y = 2. This has a slope of zero and\\nremains stationary for comparison. See how the line changes as the slope m\\nbecomes positive or negative.\\n\\nCan't see the above java applet? Click here to see how to enable Java on your\\nweb browser. (This applet is based on free Java applets from JavaMath )\\n\\nDetermining the Sign of a Slope from its Graph Exercises (opens in new window)\\n\\n<< Intercepts | Linear Equations and Graphs Index | Graphing a Linear Function\\nUsing the y-intercept and Slope >> \\n \\nContact Us | About Massey University | Sitemap | Disclaimer | Last updated:\\nNovember 21, 2012 © Massey University 2003 \\n---\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127043515/https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"What's the Y-Intercept?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"When you have a linear equation, the y-intercept is the point where the graph of the line crosses the y-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the y-intercept. Check it out!\",\n \"To find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, plug in 0 for 'y' and solve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, plug 0 in for 'x' and solve for 'y'. In this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for a given linear equation. Check it out!\",\n \"When you're learning about linear equations, you're bound to run into the point-slope form of a line. This form is quite useful in creating an equation of a line if you're given the slope and a point on the line. Watch this tutorial, and learn about the point-slope form of a line!\",\n \"Ordered pairs are a crucial part of graphing, but you need to know how to identify the coordinates in an ordered pair if you're going to plot it on a coordinate plane. In this tutorial, you'll see how to identify the x-coordinate in an ordered pair!\",\n \"* #### What is the Y-Axis?\\nTo graph a function or plot an ordered pair, you need to use a coordinate plane, so you should learn all about it! In this tutorial, you'll learn about the y-axis and see where it's located in the coordinate plane.\",\n \"To find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, simply remove the 'y' and solve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, remove the 'x' and solve for 'y'. In this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for a given linear equation. Check it out!\",\n \"* #### What's the X-Intercept?\\nWhen you have a linear equation, the x-intercept is the point where the graph of the line crosses the x-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the x-intercept. Check it out!\",\n \"Want some practice finding the y-intercept of a line? In this tutorial, you're given the slope of a line and a point on that line and asked to find the y-intercept. Watch this tutorial and see how the equation for the slope- intercept form of a line is used to figure out the answer!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"What's the Y-Intercept? | Virtual Nerd\\n\\nReal math help.\\n\\n# What's the Y-Intercept?\\n\\n# What's the Y-Intercept?\\n\\n### Note:\\n\\nWhen you have a linear equation, the y-intercept is the point where the graph\\nof the line crosses the y-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the y-intercept.\\nCheck it out!\\n\\n### Keywords:\\n\\n * definition\\n * line\\n * y-intercept\\n * intercept\\n * y-axis\\n\\n### Background Tutorials\\n\\n * #### X- and Y-Intercepts\\n\\n * #### How Do You Find the X- and Y-Intercepts of a Line in Slope-Intercept Form?\\n\\nTo find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, plug in 0 for 'y' and\\nsolve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, plug 0 in for 'x' and solve for 'y'.\\nIn this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept\\nfor a given linear equation. Check it out!\\n\\n * #### Working with Slope-Intercept Form\\n\\n * #### What's Slope-Intercept Form of a Linear Equation?\\n\\nWhen you're learning about linear equations, you're bound to run into the\\npoint-slope form of a line. This form is quite useful in creating an equation\\nof a line if you're given the slope and a point on the line. Watch this\\ntutorial, and learn about the point-slope form of a line!\\n\\n * #### Ordered Pairs and The Coordinate Plane\\n\\n * #### What is the X-Coordinate?\\n\\nOrdered pairs are a crucial part of graphing, but you need to know how to\\nidentify the coordinates in an ordered pair if you're going to plot it on a\\ncoordinate plane. In this tutorial, you'll see how to identify the\\nx-coordinate in an ordered pair!\\n\\n * #### What is the Y-Axis?\\n\\nTo graph a function or plot an ordered pair, you need to use a coordinate\\nplane, so you should learn all about it! In this tutorial, you'll learn about\\nthe y-axis and see where it's located in the coordinate plane.\\n\\n### Further Exploration\\n\\n * #### X- and Y-Intercepts\\n\\n * #### How Do You Use X- and Y-Intercepts To Graph a Line In Standard Form?\\n\\nTo find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, simply remove the 'y' and\\nsolve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, remove the 'x' and solve for 'y'. In\\nthis tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for\\na given linear equation. Check it out!\\n\\n * #### What's the X-Intercept?\\n\\nWhen you have a linear equation, the x-intercept is the point where the graph\\nof the line crosses the x-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the x-intercept.\\nCheck it out!\\n\\n * #### Working with Slope-Intercept Form\\n\\n * #### How Do You Find the Y-Intercept of a Line If You Have Another Point and the Slope?\\n\\nWant some practice finding the y-intercept of a line? In this tutorial, you're\\ngiven the slope of a line and a point on that line and asked to find the\\ny-intercept. Watch this tutorial and see how the equation for the slope-\\nintercept form of a line is used to figure out the answer!\\n\\n * About\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy\\n * Contact\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200114202807/https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7 (video)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Let's do a couple of problems graphing linear equations. They are a bunch of ways to graph linear equations. What we'll do in this video is the most basic way. Where we will just plot a bunch of values and then connect the dots. I think you'll see what I'm saying. So here I have an equation, a linear equation. I'll rewrite it just in case that was too small. y is equal to 2x plus 7. I want to graph this linear equation. Before I even take out the graph paper, what I could do is set up a table. Where I pick a bunch of x values and then I can figure out what y value would correspond to each of those x values. So for example, if x is equal to-- let me start really low-- if x is equal to minus 2-- or negative 2, I should say-- what is y? Well, you substitute negative 2 up here. It would be 2 times negative 2 plus 7. This is negative 4 plus 7. This is equal to 3. If x is equal to-- I'm just picking x values at random that might be indicative of-- I'll probably do three or four points here. So what happens when x is equal to 0? Then y is going to be equal to 2 times 0 plus 7. Is going to be equal to 7. I just happen to be going up by 2. You could be going up by 1 or you could be picking numbers at random. When x is equal to 2, what is y? It'll be 2 times 2 plus 7. So 4 plus 7 is equal to 11. I could keep plotting points if I like. We should already have enough to graph it. Actually to plot any line, you actually only need two points. So we already have one more than necessary. Actually, let me just do one more just to show you that this really is a line. So what happens when x is equal to 4? Actually, just to not go up by 2, let's do x is equal to 8. Just to pick a random number. Then y is going to be 2 times 8 plus 7, which is-- well this might go off of our graph paper-- but 2 times 8 is 16 plus 7 is equal to 23. Now let's graph it. Let me do my y-axis right there. That is my y-axis. Let me do my x-axis. I have a lot of positive values here, so a lot of space on the positive y-side. That is my x-axis. And then I use the points x is equal to negative 2. That's negative 1. That's 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Those are our x values. Then we can go up into the y-axis. I'll do it at a slightly different scale because these numbers get large very quickly. So maybe I'll do it in increments of 2. So this could be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. I could just keep going up there, but let's plot these points. So the first coordinate I have is x is equal to negative 2, y is equal to 3. So I can write my coordinate. It's going to be the point negative 2, 3. x is negative 2. y is 3. 3 would land right over there. So that's our first one, negative 2, 3. Then our next point. 0, 7. We do it in that color. 0, 7. x is 0. Y is 7. Right there. 0, 7. We have this one in green here. Point 2, 11. 2, 11 would be right about there. And then this last point-- this is actually going to fall off of my graph. 8, 23. That's going to be way up here someplace. If you can even see what I'm doing. This is 8, 23. If we connect the dots, you'll see a line forms. Let me connect these dots. I've obviously hand drawn it, so it might not be a perfectly straight line. If you had a computer do it, it would be a straight line. So you could keep picking x values and figuring out the corresponding y values. In the situation y is a function of our x values. If you kept plotting every point, you'll get every line. If you picked every possible x and plotted every one, you get every point on the line. Let's do another problem. At the airport, you can change your money from dollars into Euros. The service costs $5. and for every additional dollar, you get EUR 0.7. Make a table for this and plot the function on a graph. Use your graph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. I will write Euros is equal to-- so let's see, it's going to be dollars. So you're going to have to give your dollars. Right off of the bat, they're going to take $5. So dollars minus 5. So immediately this service costs $5. And then everything that's leftover-- this is your leftover-- you get EUR 0.7 for every leftover dollars. You get 0.7 for whatever's leftover. So this is the relationship. Now we can plot points-- we could actually answer their question right off the bat. If you give them $50, we don't even have to look at a graph. But we will look at a graph right after this. So if you did Euros is equal to-- if you have given them $50-- it would be 0.7 times 50 minus 5. You gave them 50. They took 5 as a service fee. So this is just $45 It would be 0.7 times 45. I could do that right here. 45 times 0.7. 7 times 5 is 35. 4 times 7 is 28 plus 3 is 31. And then we have only one number behind the decimal, only this 7. So it's 31.5. So if you give them $50, you're going to get EUR 31.5. Euros, not dollars. So we answered their question, but let's actually do it graphically. Let's do a table. Maybe I'll get a calculator out. I'll refer to that in a little bit. So let's say dollars you give them. And how many Euros do you get? I'll just put a bunch of random numbers. If you give them $5, they're just going to take your $5 for the fee. You're going to get $5 minus 5, which is 0 times 0.7. So you're going to get nothing back. So there's really no good reason for you to do that. Then if you give them $10. What's going to happen? If you give them $10, 10 minus 5 is 5 times 0.7. You're going to get $3-- or I should say EUR 3.50. 3.5 Euros, you'll get. Now what happens if you give them $30? Actually let me say 25. If you give him $25, 25 minus 5 is 20. 20 times 0.7 is $14. I'll do one more value. Let's say you gave them $55. This makes the math easy because then you subtract that 5 out. 55 minus 5 is 50 times 0.7 is $35. Is that right? Yep, that's right. You'll get EUR 35 I should say. These are all Euros. I keep wanting to say dollars. Let's plot this. All of these values are positive, so I only have to draw the first quadrant here. And so the dollars-- let's go in increments of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55. I made my x-axis a little shorter than I needed to. All the way up to 55. And then the y-axis. I'll go in increments of 5. So that's 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35. Well that's a little bit too much of an increment. 35. Now let's plot these points. I give them $5. I get EUR 0. This right here is Euros. This is the dollars. The dollars is the independent variable and we figure out the Euros from it. Or the Euros I get is dependent on the dollars I get. If I give $10, I get EUR 3.50. 3.50-- it's hard to read. Maybe 3.50 would be right around there. If I give $25, I get EUR 14. 25, 14 is right about there. Obviously, I'm hand drawing it, so it's not going to be quite exact. If I get $55, I get EUR 35. So 55, 35 right there. If I were to connect to the dots, I should get something that looks pretty close to a line. If I did it-- if I was a computer, it would be exactly a line. That looks pretty good. Then we could eyeball what they asked us to do. Use your graph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. This is 50 right here. So you go bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. I'm at the graph. Then you go all the way-- actually I drew that last point on the graph a little bit incorrectly. Let me. 35 is right here. Let me redraw that point. 35 is right there roughly. So 55, 35 is right there. So let me redraw my line. It will look-- I lost 25. 25, 14 is right there. So my graph looks something like that. That's my best attempt. Now let's answer the question. We give them $50 right there. You go up, up, up, up, up, up, up. $50. The person is going to get. You go all the way to the left-hand side. That's right about 31.50. We figured out exactly using the formula. But you can see, you can eyeball it from the graph and figure out any amount of dollars. If you give them $20, you're going to go all the way over here. You'll figure out that it should be-- well $20 should be about 7.50. The imprecision in my graph-- in my drawing the graph makes it a little bit less exact. When you say 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times-- actually it'll be a little over $10, which is right. It's right over there. If you put $20 in there, 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times 0.7 is $10.50, which is right there. So you can look at any point in the graph and figure out how many Euros you'll get. Let's do this one where we'll do a little bit of reading a graph. The graph-- I think it said use the graph below. Oh, the graph below shows a conversion chart for converting between weight in kilograms and weight in pounds. Use it to convert the following measurements. We have kilograms here and pounds here. So they want 4 kilograms into weight into pounds. So if we look at this right here, 4 kilograms is right there. We just follow where the graph is. So 4 kilograms into pounds, it looks like, I don't know, a little bit under 9 pounds. So a little bit less than-- so almost, I'll write almost 9 pounds. You can't exactly see. It's a little less than 9 pounds right there. 4 kilograms. Now 9 kilograms. We go over here. 9 kilograms. Go all the way up. That looks like almost exactly 20 pounds. Here they say 12 pounds into weight in kilograms. Actually kilograms is mass, but I won't get particular. So 12 pounds. Go over here. Pounds. 12 pounds in kilograms looks like 5 1/2. Approximately 5 1/2. And then 17 pounds to kilograms. So 17 is right there. 17 pounds to kilograms looks right about 7 1/2 kilograms. Anyway, hopefully that these examples made you a little bit more comfortable with graphing equations and reading graphs of equations. I'll see you in the next video.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7 (video) | Khan Academy\\n\\nIf you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external\\nresources on our website.\\n\\nIf you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains\\n*.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked.\\n\\nMain content\\n\\nMath Class 9 math (India) Linear equations in two variables Graph of a Linear\\nEquation in Two Variables\\n\\n## Graph of a Linear Equation in Two Variables\\n\\n * Graphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\\n\\n * Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\\n\\nThis is the currently selected item.\\n\\n * Practice: Graph from linear standard form\\n\\nCurrent time:0:00Total duration:13:10\\n\\n0 energy points\\n\\nMath·Class 9 math (India)·Linear equations in two variables·Graph of a Linear\\nEquation in Two Variables\\n\\n# Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\\n\\nCCSS Math: 8.F.A.1\\n\\nGoogle ClassroomFacebookTwitter\\n\\nEmail\\n\\n## Graph of a Linear Equation in Two Variables\\n\\n * Graphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\\n\\n * Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\\n\\nThis is the currently selected item.\\n\\n * Practice: Graph from linear standard form\\n\\nTags\\n\\nGraphing linear equationsWord problems\\n\\n## Video transcript\\n\\nLet's do a couple of problems graphing linear equations. They are a bunch of\\nways to graph linear equations. What we'll do in this video is the most basic\\nway. Where we will just plot a bunch of values and then connect the dots. I\\nthink you'll see what I'm saying. So here I have an equation, a linear\\nequation. I'll rewrite it just in case that was too small. y is equal to 2x\\nplus 7. I want to graph this linear equation. Before I even take out the graph\\npaper, what I could do is set up a table. Where I pick a bunch of x values and\\nthen I can figure out what y value would correspond to each of those x values.\\nSo for example, if x is equal to-- let me start really low-- if x is equal to\\nminus 2-- or negative 2, I should say-- what is y? Well, you substitute\\nnegative 2 up here. It would be 2 times negative 2 plus 7. This is negative 4\\nplus 7. This is equal to 3. If x is equal to-- I'm just picking x values at\\nrandom that might be indicative of-- I'll probably do three or four points\\nhere. So what happens when x is equal to 0? Then y is going to be equal to 2\\ntimes 0 plus 7. Is going to be equal to 7. I just happen to be going up by 2.\\nYou could be going up by 1 or you could be picking numbers at random. When x\\nis equal to 2, what is y? It'll be 2 times 2 plus 7. So 4 plus 7 is equal to\\n11. I could keep plotting points if I like. We should already have enough to\\ngraph it. Actually to plot any line, you actually only need two points. So we\\nalready have one more than necessary. Actually, let me just do one more just\\nto show you that this really is a line. So what happens when x is equal to 4?\\nActually, just to not go up by 2, let's do x is equal to 8. Just to pick a\\nrandom number. Then y is going to be 2 times 8 plus 7, which is-- well this\\nmight go off of our graph paper-- but 2 times 8 is 16 plus 7 is equal to 23.\\nNow let's graph it. Let me do my y-axis right there. That is my y-axis. Let me\\ndo my x-axis. I have a lot of positive values here, so a lot of space on the\\npositive y-side. That is my x-axis. And then I use the points x is equal to\\nnegative 2. That's negative 1. That's 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Those are our\\nx values. Then we can go up into the y-axis. I'll do it at a slightly\\ndifferent scale because these numbers get large very quickly. So maybe I'll do\\nit in increments of 2. So this could be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. I could\\njust keep going up there, but let's plot these points. So the first coordinate\\nI have is x is equal to negative 2, y is equal to 3. So I can write my\\ncoordinate. It's going to be the point negative 2, 3. x is negative 2. y is 3.\\n3 would land right over there. So that's our first one, negative 2, 3. Then\\nour next point. 0, 7. We do it in that color. 0, 7. x is 0. Y is 7. Right\\nthere. 0, 7. We have this one in green here. Point 2, 11. 2, 11 would be right\\nabout there. And then this last point-- this is actually going to fall off of\\nmy graph. 8, 23. That's going to be way up here someplace. If you can even see\\nwhat I'm doing. This is 8, 23. If we connect the dots, you'll see a line\\nforms. Let me connect these dots. I've obviously hand drawn it, so it might\\nnot be a perfectly straight line. If you had a computer do it, it would be a\\nstraight line. So you could keep picking x values and figuring out the\\ncorresponding y values. In the situation y is a function of our x values. If\\nyou kept plotting every point, you'll get every line. If you picked every\\npossible x and plotted every one, you get every point on the line. Let's do\\nanother problem. At the airport, you can change your money from dollars into\\nEuros. The service costs $5. and for every additional dollar, you get EUR 0.7.\\nMake a table for this and plot the function on a graph. Use your graph to\\ndetermine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. I will\\nwrite Euros is equal to-- so let's see, it's going to be dollars. So you're\\ngoing to have to give your dollars. Right off of the bat, they're going to\\ntake $5. So dollars minus 5. So immediately this service costs $5. And then\\neverything that's leftover-- this is your leftover-- you get EUR 0.7 for every\\nleftover dollars. You get 0.7 for whatever's leftover. So this is the\\nrelationship. Now we can plot points-- we could actually answer their question\\nright off the bat. If you give them $50, we don't even have to look at a\\ngraph. But we will look at a graph right after this. So if you did Euros is\\nequal to-- if you have given them $50-- it would be 0.7 times 50 minus 5. You\\ngave them 50. They took 5 as a service fee. So this is just $45 It would be\\n0.7 times 45. I could do that right here. 45 times 0.7. 7 times 5 is 35. 4\\ntimes 7 is 28 plus 3 is 31. And then we have only one number behind the\\ndecimal, only this 7. So it's 31.5. So if you give them $50, you're going to\\nget EUR 31.5. Euros, not dollars. So we answered their question, but let's\\nactually do it graphically. Let's do a table. Maybe I'll get a calculator out.\\nI'll refer to that in a little bit. So let's say dollars you give them. And\\nhow many Euros do you get? I'll just put a bunch of random numbers. If you\\ngive them $5, they're just going to take your $5 for the fee. You're going to\\nget $5 minus 5, which is 0 times 0.7. So you're going to get nothing back. So\\nthere's really no good reason for you to do that. Then if you give them $10.\\nWhat's going to happen? If you give them $10, 10 minus 5 is 5 times 0.7.\\nYou're going to get $3-- or I should say EUR 3.50. 3.5 Euros, you'll get. Now\\nwhat happens if you give them $30? Actually let me say 25. If you give him\\n$25, 25 minus 5 is 20. 20 times 0.7 is $14. I'll do one more value. Let's say\\nyou gave them $55. This makes the math easy because then you subtract that 5\\nout. 55 minus 5 is 50 times 0.7 is $35. Is that right? Yep, that's right.\\nYou'll get EUR 35 I should say. These are all Euros. I keep wanting to say\\ndollars. Let's plot this. All of these values are positive, so I only have to\\ndraw the first quadrant here. And so the dollars-- let's go in increments of\\n5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55. I made my x-axis a little shorter\\nthan I needed to. All the way up to 55. And then the y-axis. I'll go in\\nincrements of 5. So that's 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35. Well that's a little bit\\ntoo much of an increment. 35. Now let's plot these points. I give them $5. I\\nget EUR 0. This right here is Euros. This is the dollars. The dollars is the\\nindependent variable and we figure out the Euros from it. Or the Euros I get\\nis dependent on the dollars I get. If I give $10, I get EUR 3.50. 3.50-- it's\\nhard to read. Maybe 3.50 would be right around there. If I give $25, I get EUR\\n14. 25, 14 is right about there. Obviously, I'm hand drawing it, so it's not\\ngoing to be quite exact. If I get $55, I get EUR 35. So 55, 35 right there. If\\nI were to connect to the dots, I should get something that looks pretty close\\nto a line. If I did it-- if I was a computer, it would be exactly a line. That\\nlooks pretty good. Then we could eyeball what they asked us to do. Use your\\ngraph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50.\\nThis is 50 right here. So you go bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. I'm\\nat the graph. Then you go all the way-- actually I drew that last point on the\\ngraph a little bit incorrectly. Let me. 35 is right here. Let me redraw that\\npoint. 35 is right there roughly. So 55, 35 is right there. So let me redraw\\nmy line. It will look-- I lost 25. 25, 14 is right there. So my graph looks\\nsomething like that. That's my best attempt. Now let's answer the question. We\\ngive them $50 right there. You go up, up, up, up, up, up, up. $50. The person\\nis going to get. You go all the way to the left-hand side. That's right about\\n31.50. We figured out exactly using the formula. But you can see, you can\\neyeball it from the graph and figure out any amount of dollars. If you give\\nthem $20, you're going to go all the way over here. You'll figure out that it\\nshould be-- well $20 should be about 7.50. The imprecision in my graph-- in my\\ndrawing the graph makes it a little bit less exact. When you say 20 minus 5 is\\n15. 15 times-- actually it'll be a little over $10, which is right. It's right\\nover there. If you put $20 in there, 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times 0.7 is $10.50,\\nwhich is right there. So you can look at any point in the graph and figure out\\nhow many Euros you'll get. Let's do this one where we'll do a little bit of\\nreading a graph. The graph-- I think it said use the graph below. Oh, the\\ngraph below shows a conversion chart for converting between weight in\\nkilograms and weight in pounds. Use it to convert the following measurements.\\nWe have kilograms here and pounds here. So they want 4 kilograms into weight\\ninto pounds. So if we look at this right here, 4 kilograms is right there. We\\njust follow where the graph is. So 4 kilograms into pounds, it looks like, I\\ndon't know, a little bit under 9 pounds. So a little bit less than-- so\\nalmost, I'll write almost 9 pounds. You can't exactly see. It's a little less\\nthan 9 pounds right there. 4 kilograms. Now 9 kilograms. We go over here. 9\\nkilograms. Go all the way up. That looks like almost exactly 20 pounds. Here\\nthey say 12 pounds into weight in kilograms. Actually kilograms is mass, but I\\nwon't get particular. So 12 pounds. Go over here. Pounds. 12 pounds in\\nkilograms looks like 5 1/2. Approximately 5 1/2. And then 17 pounds to\\nkilograms. So 17 is right there. 17 pounds to kilograms looks right about 7\\n1/2 kilograms. Anyway, hopefully that these examples made you a little bit\\nmore comfortable with graphing equations and reading graphs of equations. I'll\\nsee you in the next video.\\n\\nGraphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\\n\\nGraph from linear standard form\\n\\nUp Next\\n\\nGraph from linear standard form\\n\\nOur mission is to provide a free, world-class education to anyone, anywhere.\\n\\nKhan Academy is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. 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For example, if you want to write a love poem, you could start with the image of a flower that grows with the nurturing of the sun and soil to compare to your relationship that grows with acts of love. Alternatively, you could begin with an event, like you’re watching two people madly in love, and this leads you to want to reignite the fire in your own relationship."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210305073641/https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190624071750/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20211123025852/https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/","http://web.archive.org/web/20191102032234/https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life","http://web.archive.org/web/20200804155815/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html?_r=0","http://web.archive.org/web/20211204151915/http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18","http://web.archive.org/web/20160416145422/http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms?category=forms-and-types","http://web.archive.org/web/20161018150630/http://www.poeticmedicine.com:80/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210905071726/https://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20211107190535/http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305073641/https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190624071750/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211123025852/https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191102032234/https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804155815/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html?_r=0\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211204151915/http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416145422/http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms?category=forms-and-types\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161018150630/http://www.poeticmedicine.com:80/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210905071726/https://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211107190535/http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":514,"string":"514"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305073641/https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/","parsed_text":{"title":"Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal","passages":["It’s often been said that a picture is worth a thousand words. But when the words are poetic—full of imagery, metaphors, and rhythm—they’re much more powerful.","Biblio/poetry therapy, one of the creative arts therapies, is the use of the written word (although it may be read out loud) to bring healing and personal growth.","According to the National Association for Poetry Therapy, a worldwide community of poets, writers, journal keepers, helping professionals, health care professionals, and others who recognize the healing power of language, poetry therapy has primitive roots. Shamans and witch doctors chanted poetry for the well-being of the tribe or individual.","The Roman physician Soranus prescribed tragedy for his manic patients and comedy for the depressed ones—and can be called the first poetry therapist on record. Dr. Benjamin Rush, called the “Father of American Psychiatry,” used music and literature as complementary treatments. His patients published their own writings in their newspaper.","Although there is some disagreement, many consider bibliotherapy—interactive use of literature—a subcategory of poetry therapy. The National Federation for Biblio/Poetry Therapy, incorporated in 1963, sets standards of excellence in the training and credentialing of practitioners in both fields. Practitioners may be credentialed as certified applied poetry facilitators, certified poetry therapists, or registered poetry therapists.","Some poetry and bibliotherapists are also active in the National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies Associations, which hosts an annual conference of all the arts therapies.","Bibliotherapy was first adopted by librarians, who saw value in the practice of selecting and using specific books helpful to psychiatric patients. Dr. Karl Menninger collaborated with the librarians in his hospital, because he felt they knew the patients better.","Poet Eli Griefer in the late 1920s started a “poemtherapy” group as a volunteer at Creedmore State Hospital. Much later, in 1959, he facilitated a poetry therapy group at Cumberland Hospital with two supervising psychiatrists, Dr. Jack J. Leedy and Dr. Sam Spector. Leedy’s efforts led to the creation of the Association for Poetry Therapy, parent of today’s Association. He also published what social work professor and poetry therapist Nick Mazza, Ph.D., calls “the first significant book on poetry therapy.”","Compared with art therapy and music therapy, biblio/poetry therapy is a small field, with practitioners more in the hundreds than thousands, according to Mazza, Patricia V. Vance Professor of Social Work at Florida State University, author, and editor of the Journal of Poetry Therapy. “We’re the new kid on the block [in terms of an organized field]. But it’s catching up,” he says. “We have a code of ethics. The journal gives us credibility.”","Poetry therapy is used in three major domains, he explains. The receptive- prescriptive uses preexisting poetry or literature to elicit responses. The expressive-creative gives a client or group the chance to write, whether it’s poetry or letters. “This is an effective way to cope with spontaneous tragedy,” he says. “There’s a lot of hard research about the health effects of writing—for example, in the writings of James Pennebaker.”","A third usage is the symbolic-ceremonial, which is connected to the power of ritual or symbols. “If someone is struggling with a loss, that person might write a letter to the person who’s gone,” Mazza explains. “It also works with community tragedies. A lot of people wrote and drew after Columbine, but it became ceremonial when they posted it.”","In his past private practice—now he largely does workshops and consultation—Mazza found poetry therapy is effective with many different populations: children, the elderly, hospice and hospital patients, the homeless, and survivors of sexual assault.","“It doesn’t work with all people and all situations,” he says. “And as Jerome Frank, the social psychologist, said, anything that has the power to heal has the power to harm. The timing is important. We also have to ask if a person is ready for a group. Young children might be more responsive with art therapy. But I use poetry therapy a lot. It cuts across modalities—with individuals, couples, families, groups, and community.”","Although Nancy Scherlong became a social worker, she was a writer years ago, trained to be an English teacher and poet. With a minor in psychology, she had heard about poetry therapy and “switched gears.” Currently, she is in full- time private practice.","“I do a lot of writing intervention in bereavement,” she says. “If a person didn’t have a chance to say good-bye, I encourage writing a letter. We also use scrapbooks of photos and memories. The first year is hard, especially around the holidays.”","Previously, Scherlong did therapy with kids 4-21 in a foster care facility and used writing, especially fairy tales and the force of magic. She worked with them individually and in sibling groups. The kids would write about themselves but not as themselves, which was “less threatening,” she says. “It was fiction, but all about them. Writing helps people feel less vulnerable, but not directly. It’s a third thing to focus on. Poetry is metaphorical; it doesn’t have to be literally true but can use symbolic or vague images.”","Writing poetry or stories diminishes anxiety and reveals more than talking otherwise might, she adds, “although it’s not quite as revealing [directly] as expository writing.”","At the end of the poetry groups, Scherlong would help clients put together a “chat book” and a performance—at which they got to read their pieces.","In addition to the three modalities described by Mazza, she believes there is a fourth—asking clients to take existing poems and discuss what poem they would write if it were their own. “This can be a catalyst, especially with bereavement, since people have walked that road before,” says Scherlong. “It can decrease a sense of isolation.”","Poetry therapy can even be effective with people not considered to be very articulate. Early in her career, Scherlong worked with developmentally disabled children who “couldn’t write but could dictate” so she could write, Scherlong recalls. Elderly people with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease can often still tell a “coherent story or fantasy” that has meaning for them, and those with or without memory loss might want to create a memoir.","“Poetry therapy should match the cognitive and literacy level of the client and meet the person where he or she is—with an eye toward the future,” Scherlong says.","Alma Rolfs, a clinical social worker of more than 30 years’ duration who is a long-standing member of NAPT, isn’t using poetry therapy separately with her clients. She does work it into regular psychotherapy sessions in her practice with adults and couples.","However, in the past, Rolfs did poetry therapy with both in- and outpatient psychiatric patients, with the chemically addicted, postpartum women, and children, as well as training and workshops regarding poetry therapy. Now she does more educating and training.","Rolfs calls poetry therapy an “absolutely marvelous treatment modality,” combining the strengths of all the creative arts therapies in accessing uncensored material and responding on a deep level without the use of [their] words. “For many people, the words are the really awkward part of treatment,” Rolfs says. “The use of literature and creative writing allows freedom and creativity with language the clients don’t think they have the capacity for. This is both self-esteem-building and life-affirming.”","In the classic sequence of biblio/poetry therapy, the therapist offers a piece of literature or lyric that stimulates a response and then invites the client’s own “creative act”—writing of one’s own. This can be done in individual practice or in group, although it’s usually more “spontaneous” in the former and requires more planning in a group. “It can be democratizing with groups,” Rolfs says, “in that everyone makes a contribution. It’s been remarkably effective with any of the groups I’ve worked with.”","With individuals, she adds, you have to fit the technique to a particular type of person. A very intellectually “defended” person may be less responsive in therapy, but a poem may be able to cut through that defense,” she says. “If a poem can cut through, that can be very effective. It’s especially useful in cutting through the sense of inadequacy or intellectual defense.”","Peggy Heller loved poetry and words as a child. For 16 years, she worked as a tutor/teacher for Stanley Kaplan Educational Services. She had studied speech pathology in college, then trained in biblio/poetry therapy and became a mental health professional. Heller has held multiple positions in the poetry association, including president.","She has applied poetry therapy in psychiatric and regular hospitals, with recently deinstitutionalized patients, and at a center for young people with dual diagnosis of mental retardation and schizophrenia. One poem she found to be “sure fire,” even with developmentally disabled kids, is Eve Miriam’s “How To Eat a Poem,” dealing with metaphorical meaning.","“I used children’s stories the kids could relate to and held up pictures, the way we do with kids in the library,” says Heller, who more recently has been in private practice. “The key is that even minimally verbal people can pay attention even in the moment, and there’s value in it. I trained with the most severely schizophrenic people who had been hospitalized for decades. We created progress in such minute steps.”","Biblio/poetry therapy can also be effective with older people, who find life review and communication of their values meaningful, she adds. It can help poets and writers during “blank” periods, as well.","An MSW, Phyllis Klein moved to California to work with an outpatient mental health clinic. She then worked in a variety of nonprofits until starting a private practice in 1990. Most of her experience has been with adults, although she did see children and teens in the early part of her career.","“I got interested in poetry therapy the way many people do,” she says. “I found myself writing for my own healing and then learned there was a modality that promoted this kind of work professionally. From there I was determined to get credentialed. I had never really studied creative writing or fine arts, so I was unsullied in terms of writing straight from the heart—which is the basic credo of poetry therapy. Poetry therapy is so effective in helping people find and develop their ‘voice.’ ”","Currently, Klein is working primarily with individuals but also runs groups when there’s interest. Sometimes she brings in a poem for someone, and sometimes she and the client read poems together. They may bring in their own writing or write during the sessions.","“I have used poetry as a way to help with a grief process, and when this is done collaboratively, it can become a long lasting bond between me and the client,” says Klein, who has written about poetry therapy and its healing power. “Sometimes people keep a journal but don’t bring it in, which is fine. Each person has his own healing path—sometimes to share and sometimes to keep things private.”","What is important in all settings is that there is no critiquing or editing, Klein points out, so that safety is created and meaningful self-expression can occur. “No arts therapy should make people feel their stuff isn’t good enough. It’s all from the heart and in the moment,” she adds. “People already have an inner critic.”","Sherry Reiter, who holds an MSW and Ph.D. in social work, had a social worker father and a reading teacher mother. She also had a passion for literature at an early age. “Books were my great love, even at age five,” Reiter says. “Later, writing became a way of claiming my voice. I also loved the theater and was entranced by story, symbol, and creative imagination.”","Reiter was only 17 when she experienced the power of poetry while volunteering to facilitate writing workshops at a senior center. Twelve senior citizens, 65 through 95, sat in a circle. She asked each person to write a list of word associations to a few selected words and then work on creating a poem or story from those lists.","Even then, Reiter realized there was something at work beyond creative writing—what she now calls “a sharing of rich emotions and a powerful release of feelings” in the writing circle. Later on, Reiter worked part time as a drama specialist for the New York City Department of Aging as she pursued acting, but she felt more and more drawn to social work.","She has since worked with children, teens, adults of all ages, “normal” neurotics, psychiatric populations, and individuals with addiction, HIV, cancer, disability, and terminal illness. In the 1970s, she observed Jack Leedy’s practice, in which he gave patients methadone only after they gave him a poem. Reiter taught poetry therapy with Leedy at the New School of Social Research and continues to teach at Hofstra University.","Reiter wrote Writing Away the Demons: Stories of Creative Coping Through Transformative Writing, which illustrates writing as a tool of psychological survival. The men and women whose stories are featured were able to use their journals instead of reacting with the more usual stress responses of fight, flight, or freeze, she says.","Reiter is also director of the Creative “Righting” Center, a poetry therapy training center for helping professionals. The title refers to the ability for writing to help us balance or center ourselves. “Writing can be a way of straightening out emotional knots, a way of achieving balance in our lives so that a sense of well-being emerges,” Reiter wrote on her Web site. “When we read, we benefit from poetic medicine.”","Poetic devices, particularly metaphor, give the writer the freedom to be specific and concrete or as abstract as desired. It’s been called the “79-cent therapist,” because all a patient or client needs is paper and pen. It doesn’t require special materials and a special space. Writing can be done anywhere.","I was glad when my journaling for therapy turned into poetry, it was less angry rants. The brevity of poetry forced me into being more concise and giving a name to the pain. Then I could more easily deal with the specific issues and work it out. I also gained more self-esteem when I self-published under the pen name of Micah Mason. The book is \"My Therapy Journal: A Journey of Heal\" which hass a cover with a quilt I made a age 9. Thanks for encouraging poetry therapy. I very much enjoyed this article.","All material published on this website Copyright 1994-2020 White Hat Communications. All rights reserved. Please contact the publisher for permission to reproduce or reprint any materials on this site. Opinions expressed on this site are the opinions of the writer and do not necessarily represent the views of the publisher."]},"parsed_md":"Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal - SocialWorker.com\n\nSkip to main content\n\nAbout Us Advertise Subscribe Now\n\nFollow us! facebook flickr twitter pinterest instagram\n\nHome Articles Practice Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal\n\nEquine Therapy and Social Work: A Winning Combination\n\nThe Difference Between Case and Cause Advocacy is U (You)\n\n# Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal\n\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\n\nLike this article? Share it!\n\nRSS\n\nPrint\n\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\n\nIt’s often been said that a picture is worth a thousand words. But when the\nwords are poetic—full of imagery, metaphors, and rhythm—they’re much more\npowerful.\n\nBiblio/poetry therapy, one of the creative arts therapies, is the use of the\nwritten word (although it may be read out loud) to bring healing and personal\ngrowth.\n\nAccording to the National Association for Poetry Therapy, a worldwide\ncommunity of poets, writers, journal keepers, helping professionals, health\ncare professionals, and others who recognize the healing power of language,\npoetry therapy has primitive roots. Shamans and witch doctors chanted poetry\nfor the well-being of the tribe or individual.\n\nThe Roman physician Soranus prescribed tragedy for his manic patients and\ncomedy for the depressed ones—and can be called the first poetry therapist on\nrecord. Dr. Benjamin Rush, called the “Father of American Psychiatry,” used\nmusic and literature as complementary treatments. His patients published their\nown writings in their newspaper.\n\nAlthough there is some disagreement, many consider bibliotherapy—interactive\nuse of literature—a subcategory of poetry therapy. The National Federation for\nBiblio/Poetry Therapy, incorporated in 1963, sets standards of excellence in\nthe training and credentialing of practitioners in both fields. Practitioners\nmay be credentialed as certified applied poetry facilitators, certified poetry\ntherapists, or registered poetry therapists.\n\nSome poetry and bibliotherapists are also active in the National Coalition of\nCreative Arts Therapies Associations, which hosts an annual conference of all\nthe arts therapies.\n\nBibliotherapy was first adopted by librarians, who saw value in the practice\nof selecting and using specific books helpful to psychiatric patients. Dr.\nKarl Menninger collaborated with the librarians in his hospital, because he\nfelt they knew the patients better.\n\nFreud stated that it wasn’t he, but the poet, who “discovered the\nunconscious.”\n\nPoet Eli Griefer in the late 1920s started a “poemtherapy” group as a\nvolunteer at Creedmore State Hospital. Much later, in 1959, he facilitated a\npoetry therapy group at Cumberland Hospital with two supervising\npsychiatrists, Dr. Jack J. Leedy and Dr. Sam Spector. Leedy’s efforts led to\nthe creation of the Association for Poetry Therapy, parent of today’s\nAssociation. He also published what social work professor and poetry therapist\nNick Mazza, Ph.D., calls “the first significant book on poetry therapy.”\n\nCompared with art therapy and music therapy, biblio/poetry therapy is a small\nfield, with practitioners more in the hundreds than thousands, according to\nMazza, Patricia V. Vance Professor of Social Work at Florida State University,\nauthor, and editor of the Journal of Poetry Therapy. “We’re the new kid on the\nblock [in terms of an organized field]. But it’s catching up,” he says. “We\nhave a code of ethics. The journal gives us credibility.”\n\nPoetry therapy is used in three major domains, he explains. The receptive-\nprescriptive uses preexisting poetry or literature to elicit responses. The\nexpressive-creative gives a client or group the chance to write, whether it’s\npoetry or letters. “This is an effective way to cope with spontaneous\ntragedy,” he says. “There’s a lot of hard research about the health effects of\nwriting—for example, in the writings of James Pennebaker.”\n\nA third usage is the symbolic-ceremonial, which is connected to the power of\nritual or symbols. “If someone is struggling with a loss, that person might\nwrite a letter to the person who’s gone,” Mazza explains. “It also works with\ncommunity tragedies. A lot of people wrote and drew after Columbine, but it\nbecame ceremonial when they posted it.”\n\nIn his past private practice—now he largely does workshops and\nconsultation—Mazza found poetry therapy is effective with many different\npopulations: children, the elderly, hospice and hospital patients, the\nhomeless, and survivors of sexual assault.\n\n“It doesn’t work with all people and all situations,” he says. “And as Jerome\nFrank, the social psychologist, said, anything that has the power to heal has\nthe power to harm. The timing is important. We also have to ask if a person is\nready for a group. Young children might be more responsive with art therapy.\nBut I use poetry therapy a lot. It cuts across modalities—with individuals,\ncouples, families, groups, and community.”\n\nAlthough Nancy Scherlong became a social worker, she was a writer years ago,\ntrained to be an English teacher and poet. With a minor in psychology, she had\nheard about poetry therapy and “switched gears.” Currently, she is in full-\ntime private practice.\n\n“I do a lot of writing intervention in bereavement,” she says. “If a person\ndidn’t have a chance to say good-bye, I encourage writing a letter. We also\nuse scrapbooks of photos and memories. The first year is hard, especially\naround the holidays.”\n\nPreviously, Scherlong did therapy with kids 4-21 in a foster care facility and\nused writing, especially fairy tales and the force of magic. She worked with\nthem individually and in sibling groups. The kids would write about themselves\nbut not as themselves, which was “less threatening,” she says. “It was\nfiction, but all about them. Writing helps people feel less vulnerable, but\nnot directly. It’s a third thing to focus on. Poetry is metaphorical; it\ndoesn’t have to be literally true but can use symbolic or vague images.”\n\nWriting poetry or stories diminishes anxiety and reveals more than talking\notherwise might, she adds, “although it’s not quite as revealing [directly] as\nexpository writing.”\n\nAt the end of the poetry groups, Scherlong would help clients put together a\n“chat book” and a performance—at which they got to read their pieces.\n\nIn addition to the three modalities described by Mazza, she believes there is\na fourth—asking clients to take existing poems and discuss what poem they\nwould write if it were their own. “This can be a catalyst, especially with\nbereavement, since people have walked that road before,” says Scherlong. “It\ncan decrease a sense of isolation.”\n\nPoetry therapy can even be effective with people not considered to be very\narticulate. Early in her career, Scherlong worked with developmentally\ndisabled children who “couldn’t write but could dictate” so she could write,\nScherlong recalls. Elderly people with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease can\noften still tell a “coherent story or fantasy” that has meaning for them, and\nthose with or without memory loss might want to create a memoir.\n\n“Poetry therapy should match the cognitive and literacy level of the client\nand meet the person where he or she is—with an eye toward the future,”\nScherlong says.\n\nAlma Rolfs, a clinical social worker of more than 30 years’ duration who is a\nlong-standing member of NAPT, isn’t using poetry therapy separately with her\nclients. She does work it into regular psychotherapy sessions in her practice\nwith adults and couples.\n\nHowever, in the past, Rolfs did poetry therapy with both in- and outpatient\npsychiatric patients, with the chemically addicted, postpartum women, and\nchildren, as well as training and workshops regarding poetry therapy. Now she\ndoes more educating and training.\n\nRolfs calls poetry therapy an “absolutely marvelous treatment modality,”\ncombining the strengths of all the creative arts therapies in accessing\nuncensored material and responding on a deep level without the use of [their]\nwords. “For many people, the words are the really awkward part of treatment,”\nRolfs says. “The use of literature and creative writing allows freedom and\ncreativity with language the clients don’t think they have the capacity for.\nThis is both self-esteem-building and life-affirming.”\n\nIn the classic sequence of biblio/poetry therapy, the therapist offers a piece\nof literature or lyric that stimulates a response and then invites the\nclient’s own “creative act”—writing of one’s own. This can be done in\nindividual practice or in group, although it’s usually more “spontaneous” in\nthe former and requires more planning in a group. “It can be democratizing\nwith groups,” Rolfs says, “in that everyone makes a contribution. It’s been\nremarkably effective with any of the groups I’ve worked with.”\n\nWith individuals, she adds, you have to fit the technique to a particular type\nof person. A very intellectually “defended” person may be less responsive in\ntherapy, but a poem may be able to cut through that defense,” she says. “If a\npoem can cut through, that can be very effective. It’s especially useful in\ncutting through the sense of inadequacy or intellectual defense.”\n\nPeggy Heller loved poetry and words as a child. For 16 years, she worked as a\ntutor/teacher for Stanley Kaplan Educational Services. She had studied speech\npathology in college, then trained in biblio/poetry therapy and became a\nmental health professional. Heller has held multiple positions in the poetry\nassociation, including president.\n\nShe has applied poetry therapy in psychiatric and regular hospitals, with\nrecently deinstitutionalized patients, and at a center for young people with\ndual diagnosis of mental retardation and schizophrenia. One poem she found to\nbe “sure fire,” even with developmentally disabled kids, is Eve Miriam’s “How\nTo Eat a Poem,” dealing with metaphorical meaning.\n\n“I used children’s stories the kids could relate to and held up pictures, the\nway we do with kids in the library,” says Heller, who more recently has been\nin private practice. “The key is that even minimally verbal people can pay\nattention even in the moment, and there’s value in it. I trained with the most\nseverely schizophrenic people who had been hospitalized for decades. We\ncreated progress in such minute steps.”\n\nBiblio/poetry therapy can also be effective with older people, who find life\nreview and communication of their values meaningful, she adds. It can help\npoets and writers during “blank” periods, as well.\n\nAn MSW, Phyllis Klein moved to California to work with an outpatient mental\nhealth clinic. She then worked in a variety of nonprofits until starting a\nprivate practice in 1990. Most of her experience has been with adults,\nalthough she did see children and teens in the early part of her career.\n\n“I got interested in poetry therapy the way many people do,” she says. “I\nfound myself writing for my own healing and then learned there was a modality\nthat promoted this kind of work professionally. From there I was determined to\nget credentialed. I had never really studied creative writing or fine arts, so\nI was unsullied in terms of writing straight from the heart—which is the basic\ncredo of poetry therapy. Poetry therapy is so effective in helping people find\nand develop their ‘voice.’ ”\n\nCurrently, Klein is working primarily with individuals but also runs groups\nwhen there’s interest. Sometimes she brings in a poem for someone, and\nsometimes she and the client read poems together. They may bring in their own\nwriting or write during the sessions.\n\n“I have used poetry as a way to help with a grief process, and when this is\ndone collaboratively, it can become a long lasting bond between me and the\nclient,” says Klein, who has written about poetry therapy and its healing\npower. “Sometimes people keep a journal but don’t bring it in, which is fine.\nEach person has his own healing path—sometimes to share and sometimes to keep\nthings private.”\n\nWhat is important in all settings is that there is no critiquing or editing,\nKlein points out, so that safety is created and meaningful self-expression can\noccur. “No arts therapy should make people feel their stuff isn’t good enough.\nIt’s all from the heart and in the moment,” she adds. “People already have an\ninner critic.”\n\nSherry Reiter, who holds an MSW and Ph.D. in social work, had a social worker\nfather and a reading teacher mother. She also had a passion for literature at\nan early age. “Books were my great love, even at age five,” Reiter says.\n“Later, writing became a way of claiming my voice. I also loved the theater\nand was entranced by story, symbol, and creative imagination.”\n\nReiter was only 17 when she experienced the power of poetry while volunteering\nto facilitate writing workshops at a senior center. Twelve senior citizens, 65\nthrough 95, sat in a circle. She asked each person to write a list of word\nassociations to a few selected words and then work on creating a poem or story\nfrom those lists.\n\nEven then, Reiter realized there was something at work beyond creative\nwriting—what she now calls “a sharing of rich emotions and a powerful release\nof feelings” in the writing circle. Later on, Reiter worked part time as a\ndrama specialist for the New York City Department of Aging as she pursued\nacting, but she felt more and more drawn to social work.\n\nShe has since worked with children, teens, adults of all ages, “normal”\nneurotics, psychiatric populations, and individuals with addiction, HIV,\ncancer, disability, and terminal illness. In the 1970s, she observed Jack\nLeedy’s practice, in which he gave patients methadone only after they gave him\na poem. Reiter taught poetry therapy with Leedy at the New School of Social\nResearch and continues to teach at Hofstra University.\n\nReiter wrote Writing Away the Demons: Stories of Creative Coping Through\nTransformative Writing, which illustrates writing as a tool of psychological\nsurvival. The men and women whose stories are featured were able to use their\njournals instead of reacting with the more usual stress responses of fight,\nflight, or freeze, she says.\n\nReiter is also director of the Creative “Righting” Center, a poetry therapy\ntraining center for helping professionals. The title refers to the ability for\nwriting to help us balance or center ourselves. “Writing can be a way of\nstraightening out emotional knots, a way of achieving balance in our lives so\nthat a sense of well-being emerges,” Reiter wrote on her Web site. “When we\nread, we benefit from poetic medicine.”\n\nPoetic devices, particularly metaphor, give the writer the freedom to be\nspecific and concrete or as abstract as desired. It’s been called the “79-cent\ntherapist,” because all a patient or client needs is paper and pen. It doesn’t\nrequire special materials and a special space. Writing can be done anywhere.\n\nFor Your Information\n\nNational Federation for Biblio/Poetry Therapy—http://www.nfbpt.com\n\nNational Association for Poetry Therapy—http://www.poetrytherapy.org\n\nNick Mazza—nfmazza@fsu.edu —editor of Journal for Poetry Therapy\n\nCreative Righting—http://users.erols.com/sreiter/\n\nWomen's Therapy Services (Phyllis\nKlein)—http://www.womenstherapyservices.com/articles.html\n\nBarbara Trainin Blank is a freelance writer in Harrisburg, PA.\n\nBack to Search Results\n\n#### Tags\n\nWinter 2010 Poetry\n\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\n\nLike this article? Share it!\n\nRSS\n\nPrint\n\n### Comments (1)\n\nComment Feed\n\n#### My therapy journal\n\nI was glad when my journaling for therapy turned into poetry, it was less\nangry rants. The brevity of poetry forced me into being more concise and\ngiving a name to the pain. Then I could more easily deal with the specific\nissues and work it out. I also gained more self-esteem when I self-published\nunder the pen name of Micah Mason. The book is \"My Therapy Journal: A Journey\nof Heal\" which hass a cover with a quilt I made a age 9. Thanks for\nencouraging poetry therapy. I very much enjoyed this article.\n\nChris Bruce 353 days ago\n\nGreat gift book for social work graduates!\n\n### Readers React\n\n * You are an amazing individual, Angela. Not many people with this disease have been able to integrat\n\nBarbara Heinssen | Listen to the Zebras: Observing Rare Disease Day\n\n * Thank you for framing well being as a human rights issue for the social work profession. I applaud\n\nCaroline Campbell | Social Workers Are Essential - Our Well-Being Is\nEssential, Too!\n\n * What a great introduction to Social Work Month! This is a terrific article, especially the referenc\n\nBrenda Bacon | Essential Social Workers: A Call to Heal Our Nation\n\n * Your persistence made a difference for you and will hopefully do the same for so many others- thank\n\nPatti Swenson-Abraham | Listen to the Zebras: Observing Rare Disease Day\n\nFeatured Jobs at SocialWorkJobBank\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Writers' Guidelines\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\nAll material published on this website Copyright 1994-2020 White Hat\nCommunications. All rights reserved. Please contact the publisher for\npermission to reproduce or reprint any materials on this site. Opinions\nexpressed on this site are the opinions of the writer and do not necessarily\nrepresent the views of the publisher.\n\nBuilt with Metro PublisherTM\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190624071750/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Whitman's \"Song of Myself\"","passages":["I CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.","My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till death.","Creeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten, I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard, Nature without check with original energy.","Houses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with perfumes, I breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it, The distillation would intoxicate me also, but I shall not let it.","The atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the distillation, it is odorless, It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it, I will go to the bank by the wood and become undisguised and naked, I am mad for it to be in contact with me.","The smoke of my own breath, Echoes, ripples, buzz'd whispers, love-root, silk- thread, crotch and vine, My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my heart, the passing of blood and air through my lungs, The sniff of green leaves and dry leaves, and of the shore and dark-color'd sea-rocks, and of hay in the barn, The sound of the belch'd words of my voice loos'd to the eddies of the wind, A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around of arms, The play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag, The delight alone or in the rush of the streets, or along the fields and hill-sides, The feeling of health, the full-noon trill, the song of me rising from bed and meeting the sun.","Have you reckon'd a thousand acres much? have you reckon'd the earth much? Have you practis'd so long to learn to read? Have you felt so proud to get at the meaning of poems?","Stop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems, You shall possess the good of the earth and sun, (there are millions of suns left,) You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look through the eyes of the dead, nor feed on the spectres in books, You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take things from me, You shall listen to all sides and filter them from your self.","I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the end, But I do not talk of the beginning or the end.","There was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or age than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is now, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.","Urge and urge and urge, Always the procreant urge of the world. Out of the dimness opposite equals advance, always substance and increase, always sex, Always a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed of life.","Sure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, well entretied, braced in the beams, Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical, I and this mystery here we stand.","Lack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by the seen, Till that becomes unseen and receives proof in its turn.","Showing the best and dividing it from the worst age vexes age, Knowing the perfect fitness and equanimity of things, while they discuss I am silent, and go bathe and admire myself.","Welcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of any man hearty and clean, Not an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be less familiar than the rest.","I am satisfied — I see, dance, laugh, sing; As the hugging and loving bed- fellow sleeps at my side through the night, and withdraws at the peep of the day with stealthy tread, Leaving me baskets cover'd with white towels swelling the house with their plenty, Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization and scream at my eyes, That they turn from gazing after and down the road, And forthwith cipher and show me to a cent, Exactly the value of one and exactly the value of two, and which is ahead?","Trippers and askers surround me, People I meet, the effect upon me of my early life or the ward and city I live in, or the nation, The latest dates, discoveries, inventions, societies, authors old and new, My dinner, dress, associates, looks, compliments, dues, The real or fancied indifference of some man or woman I love, The sickness of one of my folks or of myself, or ill- doing or loss or lack of money, or depressions or exaltations, Battles, the horrors of fratricidal war, the fever of doubtful news, the fitful events; These come to me days and nights and go from me again, But they are not the Me myself. Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I am, Stands amused, complacent, compassionating, idle, unitary, Looks down, is erect, or bends an arm on an impalpable certain rest, Looking with side-curved head curious what will come next, Both in and out of the game and watching and wondering at it.","Backward I see in my own days where I sweated through fog with linguists and contenders, I have no mockings or arguments, I witness and wait.","I believe in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you, And you must not be abased to the other.","Loafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat, Not words, not music or rhyme I want, not custom or lecture, not even the best, Only the lull I like, the hum of your valved voice.","I mind how once we lay such a transparent summer morning, How you settled your head athwart my hips and gently turn'd over upon me, And parted the shirt from my bosom-bone, and plunged your tongue to my bare-stript heart, And reach'd till you felt my beard, and reach'd till you held my feet.","Swiftly arose and spread around me the peace and knowledge that pass all the argument of the earth, And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my own, And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of my own, And that all the men ever born are also my brothers, and the women my sisters and lovers,","And that a kelson of the creation is love, And limitless are leaves stiff or drooping in the fields, And brown ants in the little wells beneath them, And mossy scabs of the worm fence, heap'd stones, elder, mullein and poke-weed.","A child said What is the grass? fetching it to me with full hands, How could I answer the child? I do not know what it is any more than he.","Or I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord, A scented gift and remembrancer designedly dropt, Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, that we may see and remark, and say Whose?","Or I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic, And it means, Sprouting alike in broad zones and narrow zones, Growing among black folks as among white, Kanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them the same, I receive them the same.","Tenderly will I use you curling grass, It may be you transpire from the breasts of young men, It may be if I had known them I would have loved them, It may be you are from old people, or from offspring taken soon out of their mothers' laps, And here you are the mothers' laps.","This grass is very dark to be from the white heads of old mothers, Darker than the colourless beards of old men, Dark to come from under the faint red roofs of mouths.","O I perceive after all so many uttering tongues, And I perceive they do not come from the roofs of mouths for nothing.","I wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women, And the hints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken soon out of their laps.","What do you think has become of the young and old men? And what do you think has become of the women and children?","They are alive and well somewhere, The smallest sprout shows there is really no death, And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the end to arrest it, And ceas'd the moment life appear'd.","Has any one supposed it lucky to be born? I hasten to inform him or her it is just as lucky to die, and I know it.","I pass death with the dying and birth with the new-wash'd babe, and am not contain'd between my hat and boots, And peruse manifold objects, no two alike and every one good, The earth good and the stars good, and their adjuncts all good.","I am not an earth nor an adjunct of an earth, I am the mate and companion of people, all just as immortal and fathomless as myself, (They do not know how immortal, but I know.)","Every kind for itself and its own, for me mine male and female, For me those that have been boys and that love women, For me the man that is proud and feels how it stings to be slighted,","For me the sweet-heart and the old maid, for me mothers and the mothers of mothers, For me lips that have smiled, eyes that have shed tears, For me children and the begetters of children.","Undrape! you are not guilty to me, nor stale nor discarded, I see through the broadcloth and gingham whether or no, And am around, tenacious, acquisitive, tireless, and cannot be shaken away.","The little one sleeps in its cradle, I lift the gauze and look a long time, and silently brush away flies with my hand.","The suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the bedroom, I witness the corpse with its dabbled hair, I note where the pistol has fallen.","The blab of the pave, tires of carts, sluff of boot-soles, talk of the promenaders, The heavy omnibus, the driver with his interrogating thumb, the clank of the shod horses on the granite floor, The snow-sleighs, clinking, shouted jokes, pelts of snow-balls, The hurrahs for popular favorites, the fury of rous'd mobs, The flap of the curtain'd litter, a sick man inside borne to the hospital, The meeting of enemies, the sudden oath, the blows and fall, The excited crowd, the policeman with his star quickly working his passage to the centre of the crowd, The impassive stones that receive and return so many echoes, What groans of over-fed or half-starv'd who fall sunstruck or in fits, What exclamations of women taken suddenly who hurry home and give birth to babes,","What living and buried speech is always vibrating here, what howls restrain'd by decorum, Arrests of criminals, slights, adulterous offers made, acceptances, rejections with convex lips, I mind them or the show or resonance of them — I come and I depart.","The big doors of the country barn stand open and ready, The dried grass of the harvest-time loads the slow-drawn wagon, The clear light plays on the brown gray and green intertinged, The armfuls are pack'd to the sagging mow.","I am there, I help, I came stretch'd atop of the load, I felt its soft jolts, one leg reclined on the other, I jump from the cross-beams and seize the clover and timothy, And roll head over heels and tangle my hair full of wisps.","Alone far in the wilds and mountains I hunt, Wandering amazed at my own lightness and glee, In the late afternoon choosing a safe spot to pass the night, Kindling a fire and broiling the fresh-kill'd game, Falling asleep on the gather'd leaves with my dog and gun by my side.","The Yankee clipper is under her sky-sails, she cuts the sparkle and scud, My eyes settle the land, I bend at her prow or shout joyously from the deck.","The boatmen and clam-diggers arose early and stopt for me, I tuck'd my trowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time; You should have been with us that day round the chowder-kettle.","I saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in the far west, the bride was a red girl, Her father and his friends sat near cross-legged and dumbly smoking, they had moccasins to their feet and large thick blankets hanging from their shoulders, On a bank lounged the trapper, he was drest mostly in skins, his luxuriant beard and curls protected his neck, he held his bride by the hand, She had long eyelashes, her head was bare, her coarse straight locks descended upon her voluptuous limbs and reach'd to her feet.","The runaway slave came to my house and stopt outside, I heard his motions crackling the twigs of the woodpile, Through the swung half-door of the kitchen I saw him limpsy and weak, And went where he sat on a log and led him in and assured him, And brought water and fill'd a tub for his sweated body and bruis'd feet, And gave him a room that enter'd from my own, and gave him some coarse clean clothes, And remember perfectly well his revolving eyes and his awkwardness, And remember putting plasters on the galls of his neck and ankles; He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass'd north, I had him sit next me at table, my fire-lock lean'd in the corner.","Twenty-eight young men bathe by the shore, Twenty-eight young men and all so friendly; Twenty-eight years of womanly life and all so lonesome.","She owns the fine house by the rise of the bank, She hides handsome and richly drest aft the blinds of the window.","Where are you off to, lady? for I see you, You splash in the water there, yet stay stock still in your room.","Dancing and laughing along the beach came the twenty-ninth bather, The rest did not see her, but she saw them and loved them.","The beards of the young men glisten'd with wet, it ran from their long hair, Little streams pass'd all over their bodies.","The young men float on their backs, their white bellies bulge to the sun, they do not ask who seizes fast to them, They do not know who puffs and declines with pendant and bending arch, They do not think whom they souse with spray.","The butcher-boy puts off his killing-clothes, or sharpens his knife at the stall in the market, I loiter enjoying his repartee and his shuffle and break- down.","Blacksmiths with grimed and hairy chests environ the anvil, Each has his main- sledge, they are all out, there is a great heat in the fire.","From the cinder-strew'd threshold I follow their movements, The lithe sheer of their waists plays even with their massive arms, Overhand the hammers swing, overhand so slow, overhand so sure, They do not hasten, each man hits in his place.","The negro holds firmly the reins of his four horses, the block swags underneath on its tied-over chain, The negro that drives the long dray of the stone-yard, steady and tall he stands pois'd on one leg on the string-piece, His blue shirt exposes his ample neck and breast and loosens over his hip- band, His glance is calm and commanding, he tosses the slouch of his hat away from his forehead, The sun falls on his crispy hair and mustache, falls on the black of his polish'd and perfect limbs.","I behold the picturesque giant and love him, and I do not stop there, I go with the team also.","In me the caresser of life wherever moving, backward as well as forward sluing, To niches aside and junior bending, not a person or object missing, Absorbing all to myself and for this song.","Oxen that rattle the yoke and chain or halt in the leafy shade, what is that you express in your eyes? It seems to me more than all the print I have read in my life.","My tread scares the wood-drake and wood-duck on my distant and day-long ramble, They rise together, they slowly circle around.","I believe in those wing'd purposes, And acknowledge red, yellow, white, playing within me, And consider green and violet and the tufted crown intentional, And do not call the tortoise unworthy because she is not something else, And the jay in the woods never studied the gamut, yet trills pretty well to me, And the look of the bay mare shames silliness out of me.","The wild gander leads his flock through the cool night, Ya-honk he says, and sounds it down to me like an invitation, The pert may suppose it meaningless, but I listening close, Find its purpose and place up there toward the wintry sky.","The sharp-hoof'd moose of the north, the cat on the housesill, the chickadee, the prairie-dog, The litter of the grunting sow as they tug at her teats, The brood of the turkey-hen and she with her half-spread wings, I see in them and myself the same old law.","The press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred affections, They scorn the best I can do to relate them.","I am enamour'd of growing out-doors, Of men that live among cattle or taste of the ocean or woods, Of the builders and steerers of ships and the wielders of axes and mauls, and the drivers of horses, I can eat and sleep with them week in and week out.","What is commonest, cheapest, nearest, easiest, is Me, Me going in for my chances, spending for vast returns, Adorning myself to bestow myself on the first that will take me, Not asking the sky to come down to my good will, Scattering it freely forever.","The pure contralto sings in the organ loft, The carpenter dresses his plank, the tongue of his foreplane whistles its wild ascending lisp, The married and unmarried children ride home to their Thanksgiving dinner, The pilot seizes the king-pin, he heaves down with a strong arm, The mate stands braced in the whale-boat, lance and harpoon are ready,","The duck-shooter walks by silent and cautious stretches, The deacons are ordain'd with cross'd hands at the altar, The spinning-girl retreats and advances to the hum of the big wheel, The farmer stops by the bars as he walks on a First-day loafe and looks at the oats and rye, The lunatic is carried at last to the asylum a confirm'd case, (He will never sleep any more as he did in the cot in his mother's bedroom;) The jour printer with gray head and gaunt jaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco while his eyes blurr with the manuscript; The malform'd limbs are tied to the surgeon's table, What is removed drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the auction- stand, the drunkard nods by the bar-room stove, The machinist rolls up his sleeves, the policeman travels his beat, the gate-keeper marks who pass, The young fellow drives the express-wagon, (I love him, though I do not know him;) The half-breed straps on his light boots to compete in the race, The western turkey-shooting draws old and young, some lean on their rifles, some sit on logs, Out from the crowd steps the marksman, takes his position, levels his piece; The groups of newly-come immigrants cover the wharf or levee, As the woolly-pates hoe in the sugar-field, the overseer views them from his saddle, The bugle calls in the ball-room, the gentlemen run for their partners, the dancers bow to each other, The youth lies awake in the cedar-roof'd garret and harks to the musical rain, The Wolverine sets traps on the creek that helps fill the Huron, The squaw wrapt in her yellow-hemm'd cloth is offering moccasins and bead-bags for sale, The connoisseur peers along the exhibition- gallery with half-shut eyes bent sideways,","As the deck-hands make fast the steamboat the plank is thrown for the shore- going passengers, The young sister holds out the skein while the elder sister winds it off in a ball, and stops now and then for the knots, The one-year wife is recovering and happy having a week ago borne her first child, The clean-hair'd Yankee girl works with her sewing-machine or in the factory or mill, The paving-man leans on his two-handed rammer, the reporter's lead flies swiftly over the note-book, the signpainter is lettering with blue and gold, The canal boy trots on the tow-path, the book-keeper counts at his desk, the shoemaker waxes his thread, The conductor beats time for the band and all the performers follow him, The child is baptized, the convert is making his first professions, The regatta is spread on the bay, the race is begun, (how the white sails sparkle!) The drover watching his drove sings out to them that would stray, The pedler sweats with his pack on his back, (the purchaser higgling about the odd cent;) The bride unrumples her white dress, the minute- hand of the clock moves slowly, The opium-eater reclines with rigid head and just-open'd lips, The prostitute draggles her shawl, her bonnet bobs on her tipsy and pimpled neck, The crowd laugh at her blackguard oaths, the men jeer and wink to each other, (Miserable! I do not laugh at your oaths nor jeer you;) The President holding a cabinet council is surrounded by the great Secretaries, On the piazza walk three matrons stately and friendly with twined arms, The crew of the fish-smack pack repeated layers of halibut in the hold, The Missourian crosses the plains toting his wares and his cattle,","As the fare-collector goes through the train he gives notice by the jingling of loose change, The floor-men are laying the floor, the tinners are tinning the roof, the masons are calling for mortar, In single file each shouldering his hod pass onward the laborers; Seasons pursuing each other the indescribable crowd is gather'd, it is the fourth of Seventh-month, (what salutes of cannon and small arms!) Seasons pursuing each other the plougher ploughs, the mower mows, and the winter-grain falls in the ground; Off on the lakes the pike-fisher watches and waits by the hole in the frozen surface, The stumps stand thick round the clearing, the squatter strikes deep with his axe, Flatboatmen make fast towards dusk near the cotton-wood or pecan-trees, Coon- seekers go through the regions of the Red river or through those drain'd by the Tennessee, or through those of the Arkansas, Torches shine in the dark that hangs on the Chattahooche or Altamahaw, Patriarchs sit at supper with sons and grandsons and great-grandsons around them, In walls of adobie, in canvas tents, rest hunters and trappers after their day's sport, The city sleeps and the country sleeps, The living sleep for their time, the dead sleep for their time, The old husband sleeps by his wife and the young husband sleeps by his wife; And these tend inward to me, and I tend outward to them, And such as it is to be of these more or less I am, And of these one and all I weave the song of myself.","I am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the wise, Regardless of others, ever regardful of others, Maternal as well as paternal, a child as well as a man, Stuff'd with the stuff that is coarse and stuff'd with the stuff that is fine,","One of the Nation of many nations, the smallest the same and the largest the same, A Southerner soon as a Northerner, a planter nonchalant and hospitable down by the Oconee I live, A Yankee bound my own way ready for trade, my joints the limberest joints on earth and the sternest joints on earth, A Kentuckian walking the vale of the Elkhorn in my deer-skin leggings, a Louisianian or Georgian, A boatman over lakes or bays or along coasts, a Hoosier, Badger, Buck-eye; At home on Kanadian snow-shoes or up in the bush, or with fishermen off Newfoundland, At home in the fleet of ice-boats, sailing with the rest and tacking, At home on the hills of Vermont or in the woods of Maine, or the Texan ranch, Comrade of Californians, comrade of free North- Westerners, (loving their big proportions,) Comrade of raftsmen and coalmen, comrade of all who shake hands and welcome to drink and meat, A learner with the simplest, a teacher of the thoughtfullest, A novice beginning yet experient of myriads of seasons, Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank and religion, A farmer, mechanic, artist, gentleman, sailor, quaker, Prisoner, fancy-man, rowdy, lawyer, physician, priest.","I resist any thing better than my own diversity, Breathe the air but leave plenty after me, And am not stuck up, and am in my place.","(The moth and the fish-eggs are in their place, The bright suns I see and the dark suns I cannot see are in their place, The palpable is in its place and the impalpable is in its place.)","These are really the thoughts of all men in all ages and lands, they are not original with me, If they are not yours as much as mine they are nothing, or next to nothing,","If they are not the riddle and the untying of the riddle they are nothing, If they are not just as close as they are distant they are nothing.","This is the grass that grows wherever the land is and the water is, This the common air that bathes the globe.","With music strong I come, with my cornets and my drums, I play not marches for accepted victors only, I play marches for conquer'd and slain persons.","Have you heard that it was good to gain the day? I also say it is good to fall, battles are lost in the same spirit in which they are won.","Vivas to those who have fail'd! And to those whose war-vessels sank in the sea! And to those themselves who sank in the sea! And to all generals that lost engagements, and all overcome heroes! And the numberless unknown heroes equal to the greatest heroes known!","This is the meal equally set, this the meat for natural hunger, It is for the wicked just the same as the righteous, I make appointments with all, I will not have a single person slighted or left away, The kept-woman, sponger, thief, are hereby invited, The heavy-lipp'd slave is invited, the venerealee is invited; There shall be no difference between them and the rest.","This the touch of my lips to yours, this the murmur of yearning, This the far- off depth and height reflecting my own face, This the thoughtful merge of myself, and the outlet again.","Do you guess I have some intricate purpose? Well I have, for the Fourth-month showers have, and the mica on the side of a rock has.","Do you take it I would astonish? Does the daylight astonish? does the early redstart twittering through the woods? Do I astonish more than they?","All I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost listening to me.","I do not snivel that snivel the world over, That months are vacuums and the ground but wallow and filth.","Whimpering and truckling fold with powders for invalids, conformity goes to the fourth-remov'd, I wear my hat as I please indoors or out.","Having pried through the strata, analyzed to a hair, counsel'd with doctors and calculated close, I find no sweeter fat than sticks to my own bones.","In all people I see myself, none more and not one a barley-corn less, And the good or bad I say of myself I say of them.","I know I am solid and sound, To me the converging objects of the universe perpetually flow, All are written to me, and I must get what the writing means.","I know I am deathless, I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by a carpenter's compass, I know I shall not pass like a child's carlacue cut with a burnt stick at night.","I know I am august, I do not trouble my spirit to vindicate itself or be understood, I see that the elementary laws never apologize, (I reckon I behave no prouder than the level I plant my house by, after all.)","I exist as I am, that is enough, If no other in the world be aware I sit content, And if each and all be aware I sit content.","One world is aware and by far the largest to me, and that is myself, And whether I come to my own to-day or in ten thousand or ten million years, I can cheerfully take it now, or with equal cheerfulness I can wait.","My foothold is tenon'd and mortis'd in granite, I laugh at what you call dissolution, And I know the amplitude of time.","I am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul, The pleasures of heaven are with me and the pains of hell are with me, The first I graft and increase upon myself, the latter I translate into a new tongue.","I am the poet of the woman the same as the man, And I say it is as great to be a woman as to be a man, And I say there is nothing greater than the mother of men.","I chant the chant of dilation or pride, We have had ducking and deprecating about enough, I show that size is only development.","Have you outstript the rest? are you the President? It is a trifle, they will more than arrive there every one, and still pass on.","I am he that walks with the tender and growing night, I call to the earth and sea half-held by the night.","Press close bare-bosom'd night — press close magnetic nourishing night! Night of south winds — night of the large few stars! Still nodding night — mad naked summer night.","Smile O voluptuous cool-breath'd earth! Earth of the slumbering and liquid trees! Earth of departed sunset — earth of the mountains misty-topt! Earth of the vitreous pour of the full moon just tinged with blue! Earth of shine and dark mottling the tide of the river! Earth of the limpid gray of clouds brighter and clearer for my sake! Far-swooping elbow'd earth — rich apple- blossom'd earth! Smile, for your lover comes.","You sea! I resign myself to you also — I guess what you mean, I behold from the beach your crooked inviting fingers, I believe you refuse to go back without feeling of me, We must have a turn together, I undress, hurry me out of sight of the land, Cushion me soft, rock me in billowy drowse, Dash me with amorous wet, I can repay you.","Sea of stretch'd ground-swells, Sea breathing broad and convulsive breaths, Sea of the brine of life and of unshovell'd yet always-ready graves, Howler and scooper of storms, capricious and dainty sea, I am integral with you, I too am of one phase and of all phases.","Partaker of influx and efflux, I, extoller of hate and conciliation, Extoller of amies and those that sleep in each others' arms.","I am he attesting sympathy, (Shall I make my list of things in the house and skip the house that supports them?)","What blurt is this about virtue and about vice? Evil propels me and reform of evil propels me, I stand indifferent, My gait is no fault-finder's or rejecter's gait, I moisten the roots of all that has grown.","Did you fear some scrofula out of the unflagging pregnancy? Did you guess the celestial laws are yet to be work'd over and rectified?","I find one side a balance and the antipodal side a balance, Soft doctrine as steady help as stable doctrine, Thoughts and deeds of the present our rouse and early start.","What behaved well in the past or behaves well to-day is not such a wonder, The wonder is always and always how there can be a mean man or an infidel.","A word of the faith that never balks, Here or henceforward it is all the same to me, I accept Time absolutely.","Hurrah for positive science! long live exact demonstration! Fetch stonecrop mixt with cedar and branches of lilac, This is the lexicographer, this the chemist, this made a grammar of the old cartouches, These mariners put the ship through dangerous unknown seas, This is the geologist, this works with the scalpel, and this is a mathematician.","Gentlemen, to you the first honors always! Your facts are useful, and yet they are not my dwelling, I but enter by them to an area of my dwelling.","Less the reminders of properties told my words, And more the reminders they of life untold, and of freedom and extrication, And make short account of neuters and geldings, and favor men and women fully equipt, And beat the gong of revolt, and stop with fugitives and them that plot and conspire.","I speak the pass-word primeval, I give the sign of democracy, By God! I will accept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms.","Through me many long dumb voices, Voices of the interminable generation of prisoners and slaves, Voices of the diseas'd and despairing and of thieves and dwarfs, Voices of cycles of preparation and accretion, And of the threads that connect the stars, and of wombs and of the father-stuff, And of the rights of them the others are down upon, Of the deform'd, trivial, flat, foolish, despised, Fog in the air, beetles rolling balls of dung.","Through me forbidden voices, Voices of sexes and lusts, voices veil'd and I remove the veil, Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur'd.","I do not press my fingers across my mouth, I keep as delicate around the bowels as around the head and heart, Copulation is no more rank to me than death is.","I believe in the flesh and the appetites, Seeing, hearing, feeling, are miracles, and each part and tag of me is a miracle.","Divine am I inside and out, and I make holy whatever I touch or am touch'd from, The scent of these arm-pits aroma finer than prayer, This head more than churches, bibles, and all the creeds.","If I worship one thing more than another it shall be the spread of my own body, or any part of it, Translucent mould of me it shall be you! Shaded ledges and rests it shall be you! Firm masculine colter it shall be you! Whatever goes to the tilth of me it shall be you! You my rich blood! your milky stream pale strippings of my life! Breast that presses against other breasts it shall be you! My brain it shall be your occult convolutions! Root of wash'd sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it shall be you! Mix'd tussled hay of head, beard, brawn, it shall be you! Trickling sap of maple, fibre of manly wheat, it shall be you! Sun so generous it shall be you! Vapors lighting and shading my face it shall be you! You sweaty brooks and dews it shall be you! Winds whose soft-tickling genitals rub against me it shall be you! Broad muscular fields, branches of live oak, loving lounger in my winding paths, it shall be you! Hands I have taken, face I have kiss'd, mortal I have ever touch'd, it shall be you.","I dote on myself, there is that lot of me and all so luscious, Each moment and whatever happens thrills me with joy, I cannot tell how my ankles bend, nor whence the cause of my faintest wish, Nor the cause of the friendship I emit, nor the cause of the friendship I take again.","That I walk up my stoop, I pause to consider if it really be, A morning-glory at my window satisfies me more than the metaphysics of books.","To behold the day-break! The little light fades the immense and diaphanous shadows, The air tastes good to my palate.","The earth by the sky staid with, the daily close of their junction, The heav'd challenge from the east that moment over my head, The mocking taunt, See then whether you shall be master!","Dazzling and tremendous how quick the sun-rise would kill me, If I could not now and always send sun-rise out of me.","We also ascend dazzling and tremendous as the sun, We found our own O my soul in the calm and cool of the day-break.","My voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach, With the twirl of my tongue I encompass worlds and volumes of worlds.","Speech is the twin of my vision, it is unequal to measure itself, It provokes me forever, it says sarcastically, Walt you contain enough, why don't you let it out then?","Come now I will not be tantalized, you conceive too much of articulation, Do you not know O speech how the buds beneath you are folded? Waiting in gloom, protected by frost, The dirt receding before my prophetical screams, I underlying causes to balance them at last,","My knowledge my live parts, it keeping tally with the meaning of all things, Happiness, (which whoever hears me let him or her set out in search of this day.)","My final merit I refuse you, I refuse putting from me what I really am, Encompass worlds, but never try to encompass me, I crowd your sleekest and best by simply looking toward you.","Writing and talk do not prove me, I carry the plenum of proof and every thing else in my face, With the hush of my lips I wholly confound the skeptic.","Now I will do nothing but listen, To accrue what I hear into this song, to let sounds contribute toward it.","I hear bravuras of birds, bustle of growing wheat, gossip of flames, clack of sticks cooking my meals. I hear the sound I love, the sound of the human voice, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused or following, Sounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night, Talkative young ones to those that like them, the loud laugh of work-people at their meals, The angry base of disjointed friendship, the faint tones of the sick, The judge with hands tight to the desk, his pallid lips pronouncing a death-sentence, The heave'e'yo of stevedores unlading ships by the wharves, the refrain of the anchor-lifters, The ring of alarm-bells, the cry of fire, the whirr of swift-streaking engines and hose-carts with premonitory tinkles and color'd lights, The steam-whistle, the solid roll of the train of approaching cars,","The slow march play'd at the head of the association marching two and two, (They go to guard some corpse, the flag-tops are draped with black muslin.)","I hear the violoncello, ('tis the young man's heart's complaint,) I hear the key'd cornet, it glides quickly in through my ears, It shakes mad-sweet pangs through my belly and breast.","A tenor large and fresh as the creation fills me, The orbic flex of his mouth is pouring and filling me full.","I hear the train'd soprano (what work with hers is this?) The orchestra whirls me wider than Uranus flies, It wrenches such ardors from me I did not know I possess'd them, It sails me, I dab with bare feet, they are lick'd by the indolent waves, I am cut by bitter and angry hail, I lose my breath, Steep'd amid honey'd morphine, my windpipe throttled in fakes of death, At length let up again to feel the puzzle of puzzles, And that we call Being.","To be in any form, what is that? (Round and round we go, all of us, and ever come back thither,) If nothing lay more develop'd the quahaug in its callous shell were enough.","Mine is no callous shell, I have instant conductors all over me whether I pass or stop, They seize every object and lead it harmlessly through me.","I merely stir, press, feel with my fingers, and am happy, To touch my person to some one else's is about as much as I can stand.","Is this then a touch? quivering me to a new identity, Flames and ether making a rush for my veins, Treacherous tip of me reaching and crowding to help them, My flesh and blood playing out lightning to strike what is hardly different from myself, On all sides prurient provokers stiffening my limbs, Straining the udder of my heart for its withheld drip, Behaving licentious toward me, taking no denial, Depriving me of my best as for a purpose, Unbuttoning my clothes, holding me by the bare waist, Deluding my confusion with the calm of the sunlight and pasture-fields, Immodestly sliding the fellow-senses away, They bribed to swap off with touch and go and graze at the edges of me, No consideration, no regard for my draining strength or my anger, Fetching the rest of the herd around to enjoy them a while, Then all uniting to stand on a headland and worry me.","The sentries desert every other part of me, They have left me helpless to a red marauder, They all come to the headland to witness and assist against me.","I am given up by traitors, I talk wildly, I have lost my wits, I and nobody else am the greatest traitor, I went myself first to the headland, my own hands carried me there.","You villain touch! what are you doing? my breath is tight in its throat, Unclench your floodgates, you are too much for me.","All truths wait in all things, They neither hasten their own delivery nor resist it, They do not need the obstetric forceps of the surgeon, The insignificant is as big to me as any, (What is less or more than a touch?)","A minute and a drop of me settle my brain, I believe the soggy clods shall become lovers and lamps, And a compend of compends is the meat of a man or woman, And a summit and flower there is the feeling they have for each other, And they are to branch boundlessly out of that lesson until it becomes omnific, And until one and all shall delight us, and we them.","I believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey-work of the stars, And the pismire is equally perfect, and a grain of sand, and the egg of the wren, And the tree-toad is a chef-d'oeuvre for the highest, And the running blackberry would adorn the parlors of heaven, And the narrowest hinge in my hand puts to scorn all machinery,","And the cow crunching with depress'd head surpasses any statue, And a mouse is miracle enough to stagger sextillions of infidels.","I find I incorporate gneiss, coal, long-threaded moss, fruits, grains, esculent roots, And am stucco'd with quadrupeds and birds all over, And have distanced what is behind me for good reasons, But call any thing back again when I desire it.","In vain the speeding or shyness, In vain the plutonic rocks send their old heat against my approach, In vain the mastodon retreats beneath its own powder'd bones, In vain objects stand leagues off and assume manifold shapes, In vain the ocean setting in hollows and the great monsters lying low, In vain the buzzard houses herself with the sky, In vain the snake slides through the creepers and logs, In vain the elk takes to the inner passes of the woods, In vain the razor-bill'd auk sails far north to Labrador, I follow quickly, I ascend to the nest in the fissure of the cliff.","I think I could turn and live with animals, they're so placid and self- contain'd, I stand and look at them long and long.","They do not sweat and whine about their condition, They do not lie awake in the dark and weep for their sins, They do not make me sick discussing their duty to God, Not one is dissatisfied, not one is demented with the mania of owning things, Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived thousands of years ago, Not one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth.","So they show their relations to me and I accept them, They bring me tokens of myself, they evince them plainly in their possession.","Myself moving forward then and now and forever, Gathering and showing more always and with velocity, Infinite and omnigenous, and the like of these among them, Not too exclusive toward the reachers of my remembrancers, Picking out here one that I love, and now go with him on brotherly terms.","A gigantic beauty of a stallion, fresh and responsive to my caresses, Head high in the forehead, wide between the ears, Limbs glossy and supple, tail dusting the ground, Eyes full of sparkling wickedness, ears finely cut, flexibly moving.","His nostrils dilate as my heels embrace him, His well-built limbs tremble with pleasure as we race around and return. I but use you a minute, then I resign you, stallion, Why do I need your paces when I myself out-gallop them? Even as I stand or sit passing faster than you.","Space and Time! now I see it is true, what I guess'd at, What I guess'd when I loaf'd on the grass, What I guess'd while I lay alone in my bed, And again as I walk'd the beach under the paling stars of the morning.","My ties and ballasts leave me, my elbows rest in sea-gaps, I skirt sierras, my palms cover continents, I am afoot with my vision.","By the city's quadrangular houses — in log huts, camping with lumbermen, Along the ruts of the turnpike, along the dry gulch and rivulet bed, Weeding my onion-patch or hoeing rows of carrots and parsnips, crossing savannas, trailing in forests, Prospecting, gold-digging, girdling the trees of a new purchase, Scorch'd ankle-deep by the hot sand, hauling my boat down the shallow river, Where the panther walks to and fro on a limb overhead, where the buck turns furiously at the hunter, Where the rattlesnake suns his flabby length on a rock, where the otter is feeding on fish, Where the alligator in his tough pimples sleeps by the bayou, Where the black bear is searching for roots or honey, where the beaver pats the mud with his paddle-shaped tail; Over the growing sugar, over the yellow-flower'd cotton plant, over the rice in its low moist field, Over the sharp-peak'd farm house, with its scallop'd scum and slender shoots from the gutters, Over the western persimmon, over the long-leav'd corn, over the delicate blue-flower flax, Over the white and brown buckwheat, a hummer and buzzer there with the rest, Over the dusky green of the rye as it ripples and shades in the breeze; Scaling mountains, pulling myself cautiously up, holding on by low scragged limbs, Walking the path worn in the grass and beat through the leaves of the brush, Where the quail is whistling betwixt the woods and the wheatlot, Where the bat flies in the Seventh-month eve, where the great gold-bug drops through the dark, Where the brook puts out of the roots of the old tree and flows to the meadow, Where cattle stand and shake away flies with the tremulous shuddering of their hides,","Where the cheese-cloth hangs in the kitchen, where andirons straddle the hearth-slab, where cobwebs fall in festoons from the rafters; Where trip- hammers crash, where the press is whirling its cylinders, Where the human heart beats with terrible throes under its ribs, Where the pear-shaped balloon is floating aloft, (floating in it myself and looking composedly down,) Where the life-car is drawn on the slip-noose, where the heat hatches pale-green eggs in the dented sand, Where the she-whale swims with her calf and never forsakes it, Where the steam-ship trails hind-ways its long pennant of smoke, Where the fin of the shark cuts like a black chip out of the water, Where the half-burn'd brig is riding on unknown currents, Where shells grow to her slimy deck, where the dead are corrupting below; Where the dense-starr'd flag is borne at the head of the regiments, Approaching Manhattan up by the long- stretching island, Under Niagara, the cataract falling like a veil over my countenance, Upon a door-step, upon the horse-block of hard wood outside, Upon the race-course, or enjoying picnics or jigs or a good game of base-ball, At he-festivals, with blackguard gibes, ironical license, bull-dances, drinking, laughter, At the cider-mill tasting the sweets of the brown mash, sucking the juice through a straw, At apple-peelings wanting kisses for all the red fruit I find, At musters, beach-parties, friendly bees, huskings, house-raisings; Where the mocking-bird sounds his delicious gurgles, cackles, screams, weeps, Where the hay-rick stands in the barn-yard, where the dry-stalks are scatter'd, where the brood-cow waits in the hovel,","Where the bull advances to do his masculine work, where the stud to the mare, where the cock is treading the hen, Where the heifers browse, where geese nip their food with short jerks, Where sun-down shadows lengthen over the limitless and lonesome prairie, Where herds of buffalo make a crawling spread of the square miles far and near, Where the humming-bird shimmers, where the neck of the long-lived swan is curving and winding, Where the laughing-gull scoots by the shore, where she laughs her near-human laugh, Where bee-hives range on a gray bench in the garden half hid by the high weeds, Where band- neck'd partridges roost in a ring on the ground with their heads out, Where burial coaches enter the arch'd gates of a cemetery, Where winter wolves bark amid wastes of snow and icicled trees, Where the yellow-crown'd heron comes to the edge of the marsh at night and feeds upon small crabs, Where the splash of swimmers and divers cools the warm noon, Where the katy-did works her chromatic reed on the walnut-tree over the wall, Through patches of citrons and cucumbers with silver-wired leaves, Through the salt-lick or orange glade, or under conical firs, Through the gymnasium, through the curtain'd saloon, through the office or public hall; Pleas'd with the native and pleas'd with the foreign, pleas'd with the new and old, Pleas'd with the homely woman as well as the handsome, Pleas'd with the quakeress as she puts off her bonnet and talks melodiously, Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the whitewash'd church, Pleas'd with the earnest words of the sweating Methodist preacher, impress'd seriously at the camp-meeting; Looking in at the shop-windows of Broadway the whole forenoon, flatting the flesh of my nose on the thick plate glass,","Wandering the same afternoon with my face turn'd up to the clouds, or down a lane or along the beach, My right and left arms round the sides of two friends, and I in the middle; Coming home with the silent and dark-cheek'd bush-boy, (behind me he rides at the drape of the day,) Far from the settlements studying the print of animals' feet, or the moccasin print, By the cot in the hospital reaching lemonade to a feverish patient, Nigh the coffin'd corpse when all is still, examining with a candle; Voyaging to every port to dicker and adventure, Hurrying with the modern crowd as eager and flickle as any, Hot toward one I hate, ready in my madness to knife him, Solitary at midnight in my back yard, my thoughts gone from me a long while, Walking the old hills of Judaea with the beautiful gentle God by my side, Speeding through space, speeding through heaven and the stars, Speeding amid the seven satellites and the broad ring, and the diameter of eighty thousand miles, Speeding with tail'd meteors, throwing fire-balls like the rest, Carrying the crescent child that carries its own full mother in its belly, Storming, enjoying, planning, loving, cautioning, Backing and filling, appearing and disappearing, I tread day and night such roads.","I visit the orchards of spheres and look at the product, And look at quintillions ripen'd and look at quintillions green.","I anchor my ship for a little while only, My messengers continually cruise away or bring their returns to me.","I go hunting polar furs and the seal, leaping chasms with a pike-pointed staff, clinging to topples of brittle and blue.","I ascend to the foretruck, I take my place late at night in the crow's-nest, We sail the arctic sea, it is plenty light enough, Through the clear atmosphere I stretch around on the wonderful beauty, The enormous masses of ice pass me and I pass them, the scenery is plain in all directions, The white-topt mountains show in the distance, I fling out my fancies toward them, We are approaching some great battle-field in which we are soon to be engaged, We pass the colossal outposts of the encampment, we pass with still feet and caution, Or we are entering by the suburbs some vast and ruin'd city, The blocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.","I am a free companion, I bivouac by invading watchfires, I turn the bridegroom out of bed and stay with the bride myself, I tighten her all night to my thighs and lips.","My voice is the wife's voice, the screech by the rail of the stairs, They fetch my man's body up dripping and drown'd.","I understand the large hearts of heroes, The courage of present times and all times, How the skipper saw the crowded and rudderless wreck of the steamship, and Death chasing it up and down the storm, How he knuckled tight and gave not back an inch, and was faithful of days and faithful of nights, And chalk'd in large letters on a board, Be of good cheer, we will not desert you;","How he follow'd with them and tack'd with them three days and would not give it up, How he saved the drifting company at last, How the lank loose-gown'd women look'd when boated from the side of their prepared graves, How the silent old-faced infants and the lifted sick, and the sharp-lipp'd unshaved men; All this I swallow, it tastes good, I like it well, it becomes mine, I am the man, I suffer'd, I was there.","The disdain and calmness of martyrs, The mother of old, condemn'd for a witch, burnt with dry wood, her children gazing on, The hounded slave that flags in the race, leans by the fence, blowing, cover'd with sweat, The twinges that sting like needles his legs and neck, the murderous buckshot and the bullets, All these I feel or am.","I am the hounded slave, I wince at the bite of the dogs, Hell and despair are upon me, crack and again crack the marksmen, I clutch the rails of the fence, my gore dribs, thinn'd with the ooze of my skin, I fall on the weeds and stones, The riders spur their unwilling horses, haul close, Taunt my dizzy ears and beat me violently over the head with whip-stocks.","Agonies are one of my changes of garments, I do not ask the wounded person how he feels, I myself become the wounded person, My hurts turn livid upon me as I lean on a cane and observe.","I am the mash'd fireman with breast-bone broken, Tumbling walls buried me in their debris, Heat and smoke I inspired, I heard the yelling shouts of my comrades, I heard the distant click of their picks and shovels, They have clear'd the beams away, they tenderly life me forth.","I lie in the night air in my red shirt, the pervading hush is for my sake, Painless after all I lie exhausted but not so unhappy, White and beautiful are the faces around me, the heads are bared of their fire-caps, The kneeling crowd fades with the light of the torches.","Distant and dead resuscitate, They show as the dial or move as the hands of me, I am the clock myself.","Again the long roll of the drummers, Again the attacking cannon, mortars, Again to my listeing ears the cannon responsive.","I take part, I see and hear the whole, The cries, curses, roar, the plaudits for well-aim'd shots, The ambulanza slowly passing trailing its red drip, Workmen searching after damages, making indispensable repairs, The fall of grenades through the rent roof, the fan-shaped explosion, The whizz of limbs, heads, stone, wood, iron, high in the air.","Again gurgles the mouth of my dying general, he furiously waves with his hand, He gasps through the clot Mind not me — mind — the entrenchments.","Now I tell what I knew in Texas in my early youth, (I tell not the fall of Alamo, Not one escaped to tell the fall of Alamo, The hundred and fifty are dumb yet at Alamo,) 'Tis the tale of the murder in cold blood of four hundred and twelve young men.","Retreating they had form'd in a hollow square with their baggage for breastworks, Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, nine times their number, was the price they took in advance, Their colonel was wounded and their ammunition gone, They treated for an honorable capitulation, receiv'd writing and seal, gave up their arms and march'd back prisoners of war.","They were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with horse, rifle, song, supper, courtship, Large, turbulent, generous, handsome, proud, and affectionate, Bearded, sunburnt, drest in the free costume of hunters, Not a single one over thirty years of age.","The second First-day morning they were brought out in squads and massacred, it was beautiful early summer, The work commenced about five o'clock and was over by eight.","None obey'd the command to kneel, Some made a mad and helpless rush, some stood stark and straight, A few fell at once, shot in the temple or heart, the living and dead lay together, The maim'd and mangled dug in the dirt, the new- comers saw them there, Some half-kill'd attempted to crawl away, These were despatch'd with bayonets or batter'd with the blunts of muskets. A youth not seventeen years old seiz'd his assassin till two more came to release him, The three were all torn and cover'd with the boy's blood.","At eleven o'clock began the burning of the bodies; That is the tale of the murder of the four hundred and twelve young men.","Would you hear of an old-time sea-fight? Would you learn who won by the light of the moon and stars? List to the yarn, as my grandmother's father the sailor told it to me.","Our foe was no skulk in his ship I tell you, (said he,) His was the surly English pluck, and there is no tougher or truer, and never was, and never will be; Along the lower'd eve he came horribly raking us.","We had receiv'd some eighteen pound shots under the water, On our lower-gun- deck two large pieces had burst at the first fire, killing all around and blowing up overhead.","Fighting at sun-down, fighting at dark, Ten o'clock at night, the full moon well up, our leaks on the gain, and five feet of water reported, The master- at-arms loosing the prisoners confined in the after-hold to give them a chance for themselves.","The transit to and from the magazine is now stopt by the sentinels, They see so many strange faces they do not know whom to trust.","Our frigate takes fire, The other asks if we demand quarter? If our colors are struck and the fighting done?","Now I laugh content, for I hear the voice of my little captain, We have not struck, he composedly cries, we have just begun our part of the fighting.","Only three guns are in use, One is directed by the captain himself against the enemy's main-mast, Two well serv'd with grape and canister silence his musketry and clear his decks.","The tops alone second the fire of this little battery, especially the main- top, They hold out bravely during the whole of the action.","Serene stands the little captain, He is not hurried, his voice is neither high nor low, His eyes give more light to us than our battle-lanterns.","Stretch'd and still lies the midnight, Two great hulls motionless on the breast of the darkness, Our vessel riddled and slowly sinking, preparations to pass to the one we have conquer'd, The captain on the quarter-deck coldly giving his orders through a countenance white as a sheet, Near by the corpse of the child that serv'd in the cabin, The dead face of an old salt with long white hair and carefully curl'd whiskers, The flames spite of all that can be done flickering aloft and below, The husky voices of the two or three officers yet fit for duty, Formless stacks of bodies and bodies by themselves, dabs of flesh upon the masts and spars, Cut of cordage, dangle of rigging, slight shock of the soothe of waves, Black and impassive guns, litter of powder- parcels, strong scent, A few large stars overhead, silent and mournful shining, Delicate sniffs of sea-breeze, smells of sedgy grass and fields by the shore, death-messages given in charge to survivors,","The hiss of the surgeon's knife, the gnawing teeth of his saw, Wheeze, cluck, swash of falling blood, short wild scream, and long, dull, tapering groan, These so, these irretrievable.","You laggards there on guard! look to your arms! In at the conquer'd doors they crowd! I am possess'd! Embody all presences outlaw'd or suffering, See myself in prison shaped like another man, And feel the dull unintermitted pain, For me the keepers of convicts shoulder their carbines and keep watch, It is I let out in the morning and barr'd at night.","Not a mutineer walks handcuff'd to jail but I am handcuff'd to him and walk by his side, (I am less the jolly one there, and more the silent one with sweat on my twitching lips.)","Not a cholera patient lies at the last gasp but I also lie at the last gasp, My face is ash-color'd, my sinews gnarl, away from me people retreat.","Enough! enough! enough! Somehow I have been stunn'd. Stand back! Give me a little time beyond my cuff'd head, slumbers, dreams, gaping, I discover myself on the verse of a usual mistake.","That I could forget the mockers and insults! That I could forget the trickling tears and the blows of the bludgeons and hammers! That I could look with a separate look on my own crucifixion and bloody crowning!","I remember now, I resume the overstaid fraction, The grave of rock multiplies what has been confided to it, or to any graves, Corpses rise, gashes heal, fastenings roll from me.","I troop forth replenish'd with supreme power, one of an average unending procession, Inland and sea-coast we go, and pass all boundary lines, Our swift ordinances on their way over the whole earth, The blossoms we wear in our hats the growth of thousands of years.","Is he some Southwesterner rais'd out-doors? is he Kanadian? Is he from the Mississippi country? Iowa, Oregon, California? The mountains? prairie-life, bush-life? or sailor from the sea?","Wherever he goes men and women accept and desire him, They desire he should like them, touch them, speak to them, stay with them.","Behavior lawless as snow-flakes, words simple as grass, uncomb'd head, laughter, and naivet�, Slow-stepping feet, common features, common modes and emanations, They descend in new forms from the tips of his fingers,","They are wafted with the odor of his body or breath, they fly out of the glance of his eyes.","Flaunt of the sunshine I need not your bask — lie over! You light surfaces only, I force surfaces and depths also.","Man or woman, I might tell how I like you, but cannot, And might tell what it is in me and what it is in you, but cannot, And might tell that pining I have, that pulse of my nights and days.","You there, impotent, loose in the knees, Open your scarf'd chops till I blow grit within you, Spread your palms and life the flaps of your pockets, I am not to be denied, I compel, I have stores plenty and to spare, And any thing I have I bestow.","I do not ask who you are, that is not important to me, You can do nothing and be nothing but what I will infold you.","To cotton-field drudge or cleaner of privies I lean, On his right cheek I put the family kiss, And in my soul I swear I never will deny him.","On women fit for conception I start bigger and nimbler babes, (This day I am jetting the stuff of far more arrogant republics.)","I seize the descending man and raise him with resistless will, O despairer, here is my neck, By God, you shall not go down! hang your whole weight upon me.","I dilate you with tremendous breath, I buoy you up, Every room of the house do I fill with an arm'd force, Lovers of me, bafflers of graves.","Sleep — I and they keep guard all night, Not doubt, not disease shall dare to lay finger upon you, I have embraced you, and henceforth possess you to myself, And when you rise in the morning you will find what I tell you is so.","I am he bringing help for the sick as they pant on their backs, And for strong upright men I bring yet more needed help.","I heard what was said of the universe, Heard it and heard it of several thousand years; It is middling well as far as it goes — but is that all?","Magnifying and applying come I, Outbidding at the start the old cautious hucksters, Taking myself the exact dimensions of Jehovah, Lithographing Kronos, Zeus his son, and Hercules his grandson, Buying drafts of Osiris, Isis, Belus, Brahma, Buddha, In my portfolio placing Manito loose, Allah on a leaf, the crucifix engraved, With Odin and the hideous-faced Mexitli and every idol and image, Taking them all for what they are worth and not a cent more, Admitting they were alive and did the work of their days, (They bore mites as for unfledg'd birds who have now to rise and fly and sing for themselves,)","Accepting the rough deific sketches to fill out better in myself, bestowing them freely on each man and woman I see, Discovering as much or more in a framer framing a house, Putting higher claims for him there with his roll'd-up sleeves driving the mallet and chisel, Not objecting to special revelations, considering a curl of smoke or a hair on the back of my hand just as curious as any revelation, Lads ahold of fire-engines and hook-and-ladder ropes no less to me than the gods of the antique wars, Minding their voices peal through the crash of destruction, Their brawny limbs passing safe over charr'd laths, their white foreheads whole and unhurt out of the flames; By the mechanic's wife with her babe at her nipple interceding for every person born, Three scythes at harvest whizzing in a row from three lusty angels with shirts bagg'd out at their waists, The snag-tooth'd hostler with red hair redeeming sins past and to come, Selling all he possesses, traveling on foot to fee lawyers for his brother and sit by him while he is tried for forgery; What was strewn in the amplest strewing the square rod about me, and not filling the square rod then, The bull and the bug never worshipp'd half enough, Dung and dirt more admirable than was dream'd, The supernatural of no account, myself waiting my time to be one of the supremes, The day getting ready for me when I shall do as much good as the best, and be as prodigious; By my life-lumps! becoming already a creator, Putting myself here and now to the ambush'd womb of the shadows.","My head slues round on my neck, Music rolls, but not from the organ, Folks are around me, but they are no household of mine.","Ever the hard unsunk ground, Ever the eaters and drinkers, ever the upward and downward sun, ever the air and the ceaseless tides, Ever myself and my neighbors, refreshing, wicked, real, Ever the old inexplicable query, ever that thorn'd thumb, that breath of itches and thirsts, Ever the vexer's hoot! hoot! till we find where the sly one hides and bring him forth, Ever love, ever the sobbing liquid of life, Ever the bandage under the chin, ever the trestles of death.","Here and there with dimes on the eyes walking, To feed the greed of the belly the brains liberally spooning, Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the feast never once going, Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the chaff for payment receiving, A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually claiming.","This is the city and I am one of the citizens, Whatever interests the rest interests me, politics, wars, markets, newspapers, schools, The mayor and councils, banks, tariffs, steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate and personal estate.","The little plentiful manikins skipping around in collars and tail'd coats, I am aware who they are, (they are positively not worms or fleas,) I acknowledge the duplicates of myself, the weakest and shallowest is deathless with me,","What I do and say the same waits for them, Every thought that flounders in me the same flounders in them.","I know perfectly well my own egotism, Know my omnivorous lines and must not write any less, And would fetch you whoever you are flush with myself.","Not words of routine this song of mine, But abruptly to question, to leap beyond yet nearer bring; This printed and bound book — but the printer and the printing-office boy? The well-taken photographs — but your wife or friend close and solid in your arms? The black ship mail'd with iron, her mighty guns in her turrets — but the pluck of the captain and engineers? In the houses the dishes and fare and furniture — but the host and hostess, and the look out of their eyes? The sky up there — yet here or next door, or across the way? The saints and sages in history — but you yourself? Sermons, creeds, theology — but the fathomless human brain, And what is reason? and what is love? and what is life?","I do not despise you priests, all time, the world over, My faith is the greatest of faiths and the least of faiths, Enclosing worship ancient and modern and all between ancient and modern, Believing I shall come again upon the earth after five thousand years, Waiting responses from oracles, honoring the gods, saluting the sun, Making a fetich of the first rock or stump, powowing with sticks in the circle of obis, Helping the llama or brahmin as he trims the lamps of the idols, Dancing yet through the streets in a phallic procession, rapt and austere in the woods a gymnosophist, Drinking mead from the skull-cup, to Shastas and Vedas admirant, minding the Koran,","Walking the teokallis, spotted with gore from the stone and knife, beating the serpent-skin drum, Accepting the Gospels, accepting him that was crucified, knowing assuredly that he is divine, To the mass kneeling or the puritan's prayer rising, or sitting patiently in a pew, Ranting and frothing in my insane crisis, or waiting dead-like till my spirit arouses me, Looking forth on pavement and land, or outside of pavement and land, Belonging to the winders of the circuit of circuits.","Down-hearted doubters dull and excluded, Frivolous, sullen, moping, angry, affected, dishearten'd, atheistical, I know every one of you, I know the sea of torment, doubt, despair and unbelief.","Be at peace bloody flukes of doubters and sullen mopers, I take my place among you as much as among any, The past is the push of you, me, all, precisely the same, And what is yet untried and afterward is for you, me, all precisely the same.","I do not know what is untried and afterward, But I know it will in its turn prove sufficient, and cannot fail.","It cannot fail the young man who died and was buried, Nor the young woman who died and was put by his side, Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door, and then drew back and was never seen again,","Nor the old man who has lived without purpose, and feels it with bitterness worse than gall, Nor him in the poor house tubercled by rum and the bad disorder, Nor the numberless slaughter'd and wreck'd, nor the brutish koboo call'd the ordure of humanity, Nor the sacs merely floating with open mouths for food to slip in, Nor any thing in the earth, or down in the oldest graves of the earth, Nor any thing in the myriads of spheres, nor the myriads of myriads that inhabit them, Nor the present, nor the least wisp that is known.","I do not call one greater and one smaller, That which fills its period and place is equal to any.","Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister? I am sorry for you, they are not murderous or jealous upon me, All has been gentle with me, I keep no account with lamentation, (What have I to do with lamentation?)","My feet strike an apex of the apices of the stairs, On every step bunches of ages, and larger bunches between the steps, All below duly travel'd, and still I mount and mount.","Rise after rise bow the phantoms behind me, Afar down I see the huge first Nothing, I know I was even there, I waited unseen and always, and slept through the lethargic mist, And took my time, and took no hurt from the fetid carbon.","Cycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like cheerful boatmen, For room to me stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after what was to hold me.","Before I was born out of my mother generations guided me, My embryo has never been torpid, nothing could overlay it.","For it the nebula cohered to an orb, The long slow strata piled to rest it on, Vast vegetables gave it sustenance, Monstrous sauroids transported it in their mouths and deposited it with care.","All forces have been steadily employ'd to complete and delight me, Now on this spot I stand with my robust soul.","My lovers suffocate me, Crowding my lips, thick in the pores of my skin, Jostling me through streets and public halls, coming naked to me at night, Crying by day Ahoy! from the rocks of the river, swinging and chirping over my head, Calling my name from flower-beds, vines, tangled underbrush, Lighting on every moment of my life, Bussing my body with soft balsamic busses, Noiselessly passing handfuls out of their hearts and giving them to be mine.","Every condition promulges not only itself, it promulges what grows after and out of itself, And the dark hush promulges as much as any.","I open my scuttle at night and see the far-sprinkled systems, And all I see multiplied as high as I can cipher edge but the rim of the farther systems.","My sun has his sun and round him obediently wheels, He joins with his partners a group of superior circuit, And greater sets follow, making specks of the greatest inside them.","There is no stoppage and never can be stoppage, If I, you, and the worlds, and all beneath or upon their surfaces, were this moment reduced back to a pallid float, it would not avail in the long run, We should surely bring up again where we now stand, And surely go as much farther, and then farther and farther.","A few quadrillions of eras, a few octillions of cubic leagues, do not hazard the span or make it impatient, They are but parts, any thing is but a part.","See ever so far, there is limitless space outside of that, Count ever so much, there is limitless time around that.","My rendezvous is appointed, it is certain, The Lord will be there and wait till I come on perfect terms, The great Camerado, the lover true for whom I pine will be there.","I tramp a perpetual journey, (come listen all!) My signs are a rain-proof coat, good shoes, and a staff cut from the woods, No friend of mine takes his ease in my chair, I have no chair, no church, no philosophy, I lead no man to a dinner-table, library, exchange, But each man and each woman of you I lead upon a knoll, My left hand hooking you round the waist, My right hand pointing to landscapes of continents and the public road.","It is not far, it is within reach, Perhaps you have been on it since you were born and did not know, Perhaps it is everywhere on water and on land.","Shoulder your duds dear son, and I will mine, and let us hasten forth, Wonderful cities and free nations we shall fetch as we go.","If you tire, give me both burdens, and rest the chuff of your hand on my hip, And in due time you shall repay the same service to me, For after we start we never lie by again.","This day before dawn I ascended a hill and look'd at the crowded heaven, And I said to my spirit When we become the enfolders of those orbs, and the pleasure and knowledge of every thing in them, shall we be fill'd and satisfied then? And my spirit said No, we but level that lift to pass and continue beyond.","You are also asking me questions and I hear you, I answer that I cannot answer, you must find out for yourself.","Sit a while dear son, Here are biscuits to eat and here is milk to drink, But as soon as you sleep and renew yourself in sweet clothes, I kiss you with a good-by kiss and open the gate for your egress hence.","Long enough have you dream'd contemptible dreams, Now I wash the gum from your eyes, You must habit yourself to the dazzle of the light and of every moment of your life.","Long have you timidly waded holding a plank by the shore, Now I will you to be a bold swimmer, To jump off in the midst of the sea, rise again, nod to me, shout, and laughingly dash with your hair.","I am the teacher of athletes, He that by me spreads a wider breast than my own proves the width of my own, He most honors my style who learns under it to destroy the teacher.","The boy I love, the same becomes a man not through derived power, but in his own right, Wicked rather than virtuous out of conformity or fear, Fond of his sweetheart, relishing well his steak, Unrequited love or a slight cutting him worse than sharp steel cuts,","First-rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bull's eye, to sail a skiff, to sing a song or play on the banjo, Preferring scars and the beard and faces pitted with small-pox over all latherers, And those well-tann'd to those that keep out of the sun.","I teach straying from me, yet who can stray from me? I follow you whoever you are from the present hour, My words itch at your ears till you understand them.","I do not say these things for a dollar or to fill up the time while I wait for a boat, (It is you talking just as much as myself, I act as the tongue of you, Tied in your mouth, in mine it begins to be loosen'd.)","I swear I will never again mention love or death inside a house, And I swear I will never translate myself at all, only to him or her who privately stays with me in the open air.","If you would understand me go to the heights or water-shore, The nearest gnat is an explanation, and a drop or motion of waves a key, The maul, the oar, the hand-saw, second my words.","The young mechanic is closest to me, he knows me well, The woodman that takes his axe and jug with him shall take me with him all day, The farm-boy ploughing in the field feels good at the sound of my voice, In vessels that sail my words sail, I go with fishermen and seamen and love them.","The soldier camp'd or upon the march is mine, On the night ere the pending battle many seek me, and I do not fail them,","My face rubs to the hunter's face when he lies down alone in his blanket, The driver thinking of me does not mind the jolt of his wagon, The young mother and old mother comprehend me, The girl and the wife rest the needle a moment and forget where they are, They and all would resume what I have told them.","I have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the body is not more than the soul, And nothing, not God, is greater to one than one's self is, And whoever walks a furlong without sympathy walks to his own funeral drest in his shroud, And I or you pocketless of a dime may purchase the pick of the earth, And to glance with an eye or show a bean in its pod confounds the learning of all times, And there is no trade or employment but the young man following it may become a hero, And there is no object so soft but it makes a hub for the wheel'd universe, And I say to any man or woman, Let your soul stand cool and composed before a million universes.","And I say to mankind, Be not curious about God, For I who am curious about each am not curious about God, (No array of terms can say how much I am at peace about God and about death.)","I hear and behold God in every object, yet understand God not in the least, Nor do I understand who there can be more wonderful than myself.","Why should I wish to see God better than this day? I see something of God each hour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I see God, and in my own face in the glass, I find letters from God dropt in the street, and every one is sign'd by God's name, And I leave them where they are, for I know that wheresoe'er I go, Others will punctually come for ever and ever.","To his work without flinching the accoucheur comes, I see the elder-hand pressing receiving supporting, I recline by the sills of the exquisite flexible doors, And mark the outlet, and mark the relief and escape.","And as to you Corpse I think you are good manure, but that does not offend me, I smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips, I reach to the polish'd breasts of melons.","And as to you Life I reckon you are the leavings of many deaths, (No doubt I have died myself ten thousand times before.)","I hear you whispering there O stars of heaven, O suns — O grass of graves — O perpetual transfers and promotions, If you do not say any thing how can I say any thing?","Of the turbid pool that lies in the autumn forest, Of the moon that descends the steeps of the soughing twilight, Toss, sparkles of day and dusk — toss on the black stems that decay in the muck, Toss to the moaning gibberish of the dry limbs.","I ascend from the moon, I ascend from the night, I perceive that the ghastly glimmer is noonday sunbeams reflected, And debouch to the steady and central from the offspring great or small.","There is that in me — I do not know what it is — but I know it is in me.","I do not know it — it is without name — it is a word unsaid, It is not in any dictionary, utterance, symbol.","Something it swings on more than the earth I swing on, To it the creation is the friend whose embracing awakes me.","Do you see O my brothers and sisters? It is not chaos or death — it is form, union, plan — it is eternal life — it is Happiness.","The past and present wilt — I have fill'd them, emptied them, And proceed to fill my next fold of the future.","Listener up there! what have you to confide to me? Look in my face while I snuff the sidle of evening, (Talk honestly, no one else hears you, and I stay only a minute longer.)","Who has done his day's work? who will soonest be through with his supper? Who wishes to walk with me?","I too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable, I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world.","The last scud of day holds back for me, It flings my likeness after the rest and true as any on the shadow'd wilds, It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk.","I depart as air, I shake my white locks at the runaway sun, I effuse my flesh in eddies, and drift it in lacy jags.","I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love, If you want me again look for me under your boot-soles.","You will hardly know who I am or what I mean, But I shall be good health to you nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood.","Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged, Missing me one place search another, I stop somewhere waiting for you."]},"parsed_md":"Whitman's \"Song of Myself\"\n\n# Whitman's \"Song of Myself\"\n\n1\n\nI CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For\nevery atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.\n\nI loafe and invite my soul, I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of\nsummer grass.\n\nMy tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here\nof parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now\nthirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till\ndeath.\n\nCreeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they\nare, but never forgotten, I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every\nhazard, Nature without check with original energy.\n\n2\n\nHouses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with perfumes,\nI breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it, The distillation would\nintoxicate me also, but I shall not let it.\n\nThe atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the distillation, it is\nodorless, It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it, I will go to the\nbank by the wood and become undisguised and naked, I am mad for it to be in\ncontact with me.\n\nThe smoke of my own breath, Echoes, ripples, buzz'd whispers, love-root, silk-\nthread, crotch and vine, My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my\nheart, the passing of blood and air through my lungs, The sniff of green\nleaves and dry leaves, and of the shore and dark-color'd sea-rocks, and of hay\nin the barn, The sound of the belch'd words of my voice loos'd to the eddies\nof the wind, A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around of arms,\nThe play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag, The delight\nalone or in the rush of the streets, or along the fields and hill-sides, The\nfeeling of health, the full-noon trill, the song of me rising from bed and\nmeeting the sun.\n\nHave you reckon'd a thousand acres much? have you reckon'd the earth much?\nHave you practis'd so long to learn to read? Have you felt so proud to get at\nthe meaning of poems?\n\nStop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems,\nYou shall possess the good of the earth and sun, (there are millions of suns\nleft,) You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look\nthrough the eyes of the dead, nor feed on the spectres in books, You shall not\nlook through my eyes either, nor take things from me, You shall listen to all\nsides and filter them from your self.\n\n3\n\nI have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the\nend, But I do not talk of the beginning or the end.\n\nThere was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or\nage than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is\nnow, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.\n\nUrge and urge and urge, Always the procreant urge of the world. Out of the\ndimness opposite equals advance, always substance and increase, always sex,\nAlways a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed of life.\n\nTo elaborate is no avail, learn'd and unlearn'd feel that it is so.\n\nSure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, well entretied, braced\nin the beams, Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical, I and this\nmystery here we stand.\n\nClear and sweet is my soul, and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul.\n\nLack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by the seen, Till that becomes\nunseen and receives proof in its turn.\n\nShowing the best and dividing it from the worst age vexes age, Knowing the\nperfect fitness and equanimity of things, while they discuss I am silent, and\ngo bathe and admire myself.\n\nWelcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of any man hearty and clean,\nNot an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be less familiar\nthan the rest.\n\nI am satisfied — I see, dance, laugh, sing; As the hugging and loving bed-\nfellow sleeps at my side through the night, and withdraws at the peep of the\nday with stealthy tread, Leaving me baskets cover'd with white towels swelling\nthe house with their plenty, Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization\nand scream at my eyes, That they turn from gazing after and down the road, And\nforthwith cipher and show me to a cent, Exactly the value of one and exactly\nthe value of two, and which is ahead?\n\n4\n\nTrippers and askers surround me, People I meet, the effect upon me of my early\nlife or the ward and city I live in, or the nation, The latest dates,\ndiscoveries, inventions, societies, authors old and new, My dinner, dress,\nassociates, looks, compliments, dues, The real or fancied indifference of some\nman or woman I love, The sickness of one of my folks or of myself, or ill-\ndoing or loss or lack of money, or depressions or exaltations, Battles, the\nhorrors of fratricidal war, the fever of doubtful news, the fitful events;\nThese come to me days and nights and go from me again, But they are not the Me\nmyself. Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I am, Stands amused,\ncomplacent, compassionating, idle, unitary, Looks down, is erect, or bends an\narm on an impalpable certain rest, Looking with side-curved head curious what\nwill come next, Both in and out of the game and watching and wondering at it.\n\nBackward I see in my own days where I sweated through fog with linguists and\ncontenders, I have no mockings or arguments, I witness and wait.\n\n5\n\nI believe in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you, And you\nmust not be abased to the other.\n\nLoafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat, Not words, not\nmusic or rhyme I want, not custom or lecture, not even the best, Only the lull\nI like, the hum of your valved voice.\n\nI mind how once we lay such a transparent summer morning, How you settled your\nhead athwart my hips and gently turn'd over upon me, And parted the shirt from\nmy bosom-bone, and plunged your tongue to my bare-stript heart, And reach'd\ntill you felt my beard, and reach'd till you held my feet.\n\nSwiftly arose and spread around me the peace and knowledge that pass all the\nargument of the earth, And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my\nown, And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of my own, And that all\nthe men ever born are also my brothers, and the women my sisters and lovers,\n\nAnd that a kelson of the creation is love, And limitless are leaves stiff or\ndrooping in the fields, And brown ants in the little wells beneath them, And\nmossy scabs of the worm fence, heap'd stones, elder, mullein and poke-weed.\n\n6\n\nA child said What is the grass? fetching it to me with full hands, How could I\nanswer the child? I do not know what it is any more than he.\n\nI guess it must be the flag of my disposition, out of hopeful green stuff\nwoven.\n\nOr I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord, A scented gift and remembrancer\ndesignedly dropt, Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, that we may\nsee and remark, and say Whose?\n\nOr I guess the grass is itself a child, the produced babe of the vegetation.\n\nOr I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic, And it means, Sprouting alike in\nbroad zones and narrow zones, Growing among black folks as among white,\nKanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them the same, I receive them the\nsame.\n\nAnd now it seems to me the beautiful uncut hair of graves.\n\nTenderly will I use you curling grass, It may be you transpire from the\nbreasts of young men, It may be if I had known them I would have loved them,\nIt may be you are from old people, or from offspring taken soon out of their\nmothers' laps, And here you are the mothers' laps.\n\nThis grass is very dark to be from the white heads of old mothers, Darker than\nthe colourless beards of old men, Dark to come from under the faint red roofs\nof mouths.\n\nO I perceive after all so many uttering tongues, And I perceive they do not\ncome from the roofs of mouths for nothing.\n\nI wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women, And the\nhints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken soon out of their\nlaps.\n\nWhat do you think has become of the young and old men? And what do you think\nhas become of the women and children?\n\nThey are alive and well somewhere, The smallest sprout shows there is really\nno death, And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the\nend to arrest it, And ceas'd the moment life appear'd.\n\nAll goes onward and outward, nothing collapses, And to die is different from\nwhat any one supposed, and luckier.\n\n7\n\nHas any one supposed it lucky to be born? I hasten to inform him or her it is\njust as lucky to die, and I know it.\n\nI pass death with the dying and birth with the new-wash'd babe, and am not\ncontain'd between my hat and boots, And peruse manifold objects, no two alike\nand every one good, The earth good and the stars good, and their adjuncts all\ngood.\n\nI am not an earth nor an adjunct of an earth, I am the mate and companion of\npeople, all just as immortal and fathomless as myself, (They do not know how\nimmortal, but I know.)\n\nEvery kind for itself and its own, for me mine male and female, For me those\nthat have been boys and that love women, For me the man that is proud and\nfeels how it stings to be slighted,\n\nFor me the sweet-heart and the old maid, for me mothers and the mothers of\nmothers, For me lips that have smiled, eyes that have shed tears, For me\nchildren and the begetters of children.\n\nUndrape! you are not guilty to me, nor stale nor discarded, I see through the\nbroadcloth and gingham whether or no, And am around, tenacious, acquisitive,\ntireless, and cannot be shaken away.\n\n8\n\nThe little one sleeps in its cradle, I lift the gauze and look a long time,\nand silently brush away flies with my hand.\n\nThe youngster and the red-faced girl turn aside up the bushy hill, I peeringly\nview them from the top.\n\nThe suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the bedroom, I witness the corpse\nwith its dabbled hair, I note where the pistol has fallen.\n\nThe blab of the pave, tires of carts, sluff of boot-soles, talk of the\npromenaders, The heavy omnibus, the driver with his interrogating thumb, the\nclank of the shod horses on the granite floor, The snow-sleighs, clinking,\nshouted jokes, pelts of snow-balls, The hurrahs for popular favorites, the\nfury of rous'd mobs, The flap of the curtain'd litter, a sick man inside borne\nto the hospital, The meeting of enemies, the sudden oath, the blows and fall,\nThe excited crowd, the policeman with his star quickly working his passage to\nthe centre of the crowd, The impassive stones that receive and return so many\nechoes, What groans of over-fed or half-starv'd who fall sunstruck or in fits,\nWhat exclamations of women taken suddenly who hurry home and give birth to\nbabes,\n\nWhat living and buried speech is always vibrating here, what howls restrain'd\nby decorum, Arrests of criminals, slights, adulterous offers made,\nacceptances, rejections with convex lips, I mind them or the show or resonance\nof them — I come and I depart.\n\n9\n\nThe big doors of the country barn stand open and ready, The dried grass of the\nharvest-time loads the slow-drawn wagon, The clear light plays on the brown\ngray and green intertinged, The armfuls are pack'd to the sagging mow.\n\nI am there, I help, I came stretch'd atop of the load, I felt its soft jolts,\none leg reclined on the other, I jump from the cross-beams and seize the\nclover and timothy, And roll head over heels and tangle my hair full of wisps.\n\n10\n\nAlone far in the wilds and mountains I hunt, Wandering amazed at my own\nlightness and glee, In the late afternoon choosing a safe spot to pass the\nnight, Kindling a fire and broiling the fresh-kill'd game, Falling asleep on\nthe gather'd leaves with my dog and gun by my side.\n\nThe Yankee clipper is under her sky-sails, she cuts the sparkle and scud, My\neyes settle the land, I bend at her prow or shout joyously from the deck.\n\nThe boatmen and clam-diggers arose early and stopt for me, I tuck'd my\ntrowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time; You should have been\nwith us that day round the chowder-kettle.\n\nI saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in the far west, the bride\nwas a red girl, Her father and his friends sat near cross-legged and dumbly\nsmoking, they had moccasins to their feet and large thick blankets hanging\nfrom their shoulders, On a bank lounged the trapper, he was drest mostly in\nskins, his luxuriant beard and curls protected his neck, he held his bride by\nthe hand, She had long eyelashes, her head was bare, her coarse straight locks\ndescended upon her voluptuous limbs and reach'd to her feet.\n\nThe runaway slave came to my house and stopt outside, I heard his motions\ncrackling the twigs of the woodpile, Through the swung half-door of the\nkitchen I saw him limpsy and weak, And went where he sat on a log and led him\nin and assured him, And brought water and fill'd a tub for his sweated body\nand bruis'd feet, And gave him a room that enter'd from my own, and gave him\nsome coarse clean clothes, And remember perfectly well his revolving eyes and\nhis awkwardness, And remember putting plasters on the galls of his neck and\nankles; He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass'd north, I\nhad him sit next me at table, my fire-lock lean'd in the corner.\n\n11\n\nTwenty-eight young men bathe by the shore, Twenty-eight young men and all so\nfriendly; Twenty-eight years of womanly life and all so lonesome.\n\nShe owns the fine house by the rise of the bank, She hides handsome and richly\ndrest aft the blinds of the window.\n\nWhich of the young men does she like the best? Ah the homeliest of them is\nbeautiful to her.\n\nWhere are you off to, lady? for I see you, You splash in the water there, yet\nstay stock still in your room.\n\nDancing and laughing along the beach came the twenty-ninth bather, The rest\ndid not see her, but she saw them and loved them.\n\nThe beards of the young men glisten'd with wet, it ran from their long hair,\nLittle streams pass'd all over their bodies.\n\nAn unseen hand also pass'd over their bodies, It descended tremblingly from\ntheir temples and ribs.\n\nThe young men float on their backs, their white bellies bulge to the sun, they\ndo not ask who seizes fast to them, They do not know who puffs and declines\nwith pendant and bending arch, They do not think whom they souse with spray.\n\n12\n\nThe butcher-boy puts off his killing-clothes, or sharpens his knife at the\nstall in the market, I loiter enjoying his repartee and his shuffle and break-\ndown.\n\nBlacksmiths with grimed and hairy chests environ the anvil, Each has his main-\nsledge, they are all out, there is a great heat in the fire.\n\nFrom the cinder-strew'd threshold I follow their movements, The lithe sheer of\ntheir waists plays even with their massive arms, Overhand the hammers swing,\noverhand so slow, overhand so sure, They do not hasten, each man hits in his\nplace.\n\n13\n\nThe negro holds firmly the reins of his four horses, the block swags\nunderneath on its tied-over chain, The negro that drives the long dray of the\nstone-yard, steady and tall he stands pois'd on one leg on the string-piece,\nHis blue shirt exposes his ample neck and breast and loosens over his hip-\nband, His glance is calm and commanding, he tosses the slouch of his hat away\nfrom his forehead, The sun falls on his crispy hair and mustache, falls on the\nblack of his polish'd and perfect limbs.\n\nI behold the picturesque giant and love him, and I do not stop there, I go\nwith the team also.\n\nIn me the caresser of life wherever moving, backward as well as forward\nsluing, To niches aside and junior bending, not a person or object missing,\nAbsorbing all to myself and for this song.\n\nOxen that rattle the yoke and chain or halt in the leafy shade, what is that\nyou express in your eyes? It seems to me more than all the print I have read\nin my life.\n\nMy tread scares the wood-drake and wood-duck on my distant and day-long\nramble, They rise together, they slowly circle around.\n\nI believe in those wing'd purposes, And acknowledge red, yellow, white,\nplaying within me, And consider green and violet and the tufted crown\nintentional, And do not call the tortoise unworthy because she is not\nsomething else, And the jay in the woods never studied the gamut, yet trills\npretty well to me, And the look of the bay mare shames silliness out of me.\n\n14\n\nThe wild gander leads his flock through the cool night, Ya-honk he says, and\nsounds it down to me like an invitation, The pert may suppose it meaningless,\nbut I listening close, Find its purpose and place up there toward the wintry\nsky.\n\nThe sharp-hoof'd moose of the north, the cat on the housesill, the chickadee,\nthe prairie-dog, The litter of the grunting sow as they tug at her teats, The\nbrood of the turkey-hen and she with her half-spread wings, I see in them and\nmyself the same old law.\n\nThe press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred affections, They scorn the\nbest I can do to relate them.\n\nI am enamour'd of growing out-doors, Of men that live among cattle or taste of\nthe ocean or woods, Of the builders and steerers of ships and the wielders of\naxes and mauls, and the drivers of horses, I can eat and sleep with them week\nin and week out.\n\nWhat is commonest, cheapest, nearest, easiest, is Me, Me going in for my\nchances, spending for vast returns, Adorning myself to bestow myself on the\nfirst that will take me, Not asking the sky to come down to my good will,\nScattering it freely forever.\n\n15\n\nThe pure contralto sings in the organ loft, The carpenter dresses his plank,\nthe tongue of his foreplane whistles its wild ascending lisp, The married and\nunmarried children ride home to their Thanksgiving dinner, The pilot seizes\nthe king-pin, he heaves down with a strong arm, The mate stands braced in the\nwhale-boat, lance and harpoon are ready,\n\nThe duck-shooter walks by silent and cautious stretches, The deacons are\nordain'd with cross'd hands at the altar, The spinning-girl retreats and\nadvances to the hum of the big wheel, The farmer stops by the bars as he walks\non a First-day loafe and looks at the oats and rye, The lunatic is carried at\nlast to the asylum a confirm'd case, (He will never sleep any more as he did\nin the cot in his mother's bedroom;) The jour printer with gray head and gaunt\njaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco while his eyes blurr with\nthe manuscript; The malform'd limbs are tied to the surgeon's table, What is\nremoved drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the auction-\nstand, the drunkard nods by the bar-room stove, The machinist rolls up his\nsleeves, the policeman travels his beat, the gate-keeper marks who pass, The\nyoung fellow drives the express-wagon, (I love him, though I do not know him;)\nThe half-breed straps on his light boots to compete in the race, The western\nturkey-shooting draws old and young, some lean on their rifles, some sit on\nlogs, Out from the crowd steps the marksman, takes his position, levels his\npiece; The groups of newly-come immigrants cover the wharf or levee, As the\nwoolly-pates hoe in the sugar-field, the overseer views them from his saddle,\nThe bugle calls in the ball-room, the gentlemen run for their partners, the\ndancers bow to each other, The youth lies awake in the cedar-roof'd garret and\nharks to the musical rain, The Wolverine sets traps on the creek that helps\nfill the Huron, The squaw wrapt in her yellow-hemm'd cloth is offering\nmoccasins and bead-bags for sale, The connoisseur peers along the exhibition-\ngallery with half-shut eyes bent sideways,\n\nAs the deck-hands make fast the steamboat the plank is thrown for the shore-\ngoing passengers, The young sister holds out the skein while the elder sister\nwinds it off in a ball, and stops now and then for the knots, The one-year\nwife is recovering and happy having a week ago borne her first child, The\nclean-hair'd Yankee girl works with her sewing-machine or in the factory or\nmill, The paving-man leans on his two-handed rammer, the reporter's lead flies\nswiftly over the note-book, the signpainter is lettering with blue and gold,\nThe canal boy trots on the tow-path, the book-keeper counts at his desk, the\nshoemaker waxes his thread, The conductor beats time for the band and all the\nperformers follow him, The child is baptized, the convert is making his first\nprofessions, The regatta is spread on the bay, the race is begun, (how the\nwhite sails sparkle!) The drover watching his drove sings out to them that\nwould stray, The pedler sweats with his pack on his back, (the purchaser\nhiggling about the odd cent;) The bride unrumples her white dress, the minute-\nhand of the clock moves slowly, The opium-eater reclines with rigid head and\njust-open'd lips, The prostitute draggles her shawl, her bonnet bobs on her\ntipsy and pimpled neck, The crowd laugh at her blackguard oaths, the men jeer\nand wink to each other, (Miserable! I do not laugh at your oaths nor jeer\nyou;) The President holding a cabinet council is surrounded by the great\nSecretaries, On the piazza walk three matrons stately and friendly with twined\narms, The crew of the fish-smack pack repeated layers of halibut in the hold,\nThe Missourian crosses the plains toting his wares and his cattle,\n\nAs the fare-collector goes through the train he gives notice by the jingling\nof loose change, The floor-men are laying the floor, the tinners are tinning\nthe roof, the masons are calling for mortar, In single file each shouldering\nhis hod pass onward the laborers; Seasons pursuing each other the\nindescribable crowd is gather'd, it is the fourth of Seventh-month, (what\nsalutes of cannon and small arms!) Seasons pursuing each other the plougher\nploughs, the mower mows, and the winter-grain falls in the ground; Off on the\nlakes the pike-fisher watches and waits by the hole in the frozen surface, The\nstumps stand thick round the clearing, the squatter strikes deep with his axe,\nFlatboatmen make fast towards dusk near the cotton-wood or pecan-trees, Coon-\nseekers go through the regions of the Red river or through those drain'd by\nthe Tennessee, or through those of the Arkansas, Torches shine in the dark\nthat hangs on the Chattahooche or Altamahaw, Patriarchs sit at supper with\nsons and grandsons and great-grandsons around them, In walls of adobie, in\ncanvas tents, rest hunters and trappers after their day's sport, The city\nsleeps and the country sleeps, The living sleep for their time, the dead sleep\nfor their time, The old husband sleeps by his wife and the young husband\nsleeps by his wife; And these tend inward to me, and I tend outward to them,\nAnd such as it is to be of these more or less I am, And of these one and all I\nweave the song of myself.\n\n16\n\nI am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the wise, Regardless of\nothers, ever regardful of others, Maternal as well as paternal, a child as\nwell as a man, Stuff'd with the stuff that is coarse and stuff'd with the\nstuff that is fine,\n\nOne of the Nation of many nations, the smallest the same and the largest the\nsame, A Southerner soon as a Northerner, a planter nonchalant and hospitable\ndown by the Oconee I live, A Yankee bound my own way ready for trade, my\njoints the limberest joints on earth and the sternest joints on earth, A\nKentuckian walking the vale of the Elkhorn in my deer-skin leggings, a\nLouisianian or Georgian, A boatman over lakes or bays or along coasts, a\nHoosier, Badger, Buck-eye; At home on Kanadian snow-shoes or up in the bush,\nor with fishermen off Newfoundland, At home in the fleet of ice-boats, sailing\nwith the rest and tacking, At home on the hills of Vermont or in the woods of\nMaine, or the Texan ranch, Comrade of Californians, comrade of free North-\nWesterners, (loving their big proportions,) Comrade of raftsmen and coalmen,\ncomrade of all who shake hands and welcome to drink and meat, A learner with\nthe simplest, a teacher of the thoughtfullest, A novice beginning yet\nexperient of myriads of seasons, Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank\nand religion, A farmer, mechanic, artist, gentleman, sailor, quaker, Prisoner,\nfancy-man, rowdy, lawyer, physician, priest.\n\nI resist any thing better than my own diversity, Breathe the air but leave\nplenty after me, And am not stuck up, and am in my place.\n\n(The moth and the fish-eggs are in their place, The bright suns I see and the\ndark suns I cannot see are in their place, The palpable is in its place and\nthe impalpable is in its place.)\n\n17\n\nThese are really the thoughts of all men in all ages and lands, they are not\noriginal with me, If they are not yours as much as mine they are nothing, or\nnext to nothing,\n\nIf they are not the riddle and the untying of the riddle they are nothing, If\nthey are not just as close as they are distant they are nothing.\n\nThis is the grass that grows wherever the land is and the water is, This the\ncommon air that bathes the globe.\n\n18\n\nWith music strong I come, with my cornets and my drums, I play not marches for\naccepted victors only, I play marches for conquer'd and slain persons.\n\nHave you heard that it was good to gain the day? I also say it is good to\nfall, battles are lost in the same spirit in which they are won.\n\nI beat and pound for the dead, I blow through my embouchures my loudest and\ngayest for them.\n\nVivas to those who have fail'd! And to those whose war-vessels sank in the\nsea! And to those themselves who sank in the sea! And to all generals that\nlost engagements, and all overcome heroes! And the numberless unknown heroes\nequal to the greatest heroes known!\n\n19\n\nThis is the meal equally set, this the meat for natural hunger, It is for the\nwicked just the same as the righteous, I make appointments with all, I will\nnot have a single person slighted or left away, The kept-woman, sponger,\nthief, are hereby invited, The heavy-lipp'd slave is invited, the venerealee\nis invited; There shall be no difference between them and the rest.\n\nThis is the press of a bashful hand, this the float and odor of hair,\n\nThis the touch of my lips to yours, this the murmur of yearning, This the far-\noff depth and height reflecting my own face, This the thoughtful merge of\nmyself, and the outlet again.\n\nDo you guess I have some intricate purpose? Well I have, for the Fourth-month\nshowers have, and the mica on the side of a rock has.\n\nDo you take it I would astonish? Does the daylight astonish? does the early\nredstart twittering through the woods? Do I astonish more than they?\n\nThis hour I tell things in confidence, I might not tell everybody, but I will\ntell you.\n\n20\n\nWho goes there? hankering, gross, mystical, nude; How is it I extract strength\nfrom the beef I eat?\n\nWhat is a man anyhow? what am I? what are you?\n\nAll I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost\nlistening to me.\n\nI do not snivel that snivel the world over, That months are vacuums and the\nground but wallow and filth.\n\nWhimpering and truckling fold with powders for invalids, conformity goes to\nthe fourth-remov'd, I wear my hat as I please indoors or out.\n\nWhy should I pray? why should I venerate and be ceremonious?\n\nHaving pried through the strata, analyzed to a hair, counsel'd with doctors\nand calculated close, I find no sweeter fat than sticks to my own bones.\n\nIn all people I see myself, none more and not one a barley-corn less, And the\ngood or bad I say of myself I say of them.\n\nI know I am solid and sound, To me the converging objects of the universe\nperpetually flow, All are written to me, and I must get what the writing\nmeans.\n\nI know I am deathless, I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by a\ncarpenter's compass, I know I shall not pass like a child's carlacue cut with\na burnt stick at night.\n\nI know I am august, I do not trouble my spirit to vindicate itself or be\nunderstood, I see that the elementary laws never apologize, (I reckon I behave\nno prouder than the level I plant my house by, after all.)\n\nI exist as I am, that is enough, If no other in the world be aware I sit\ncontent, And if each and all be aware I sit content.\n\nOne world is aware and by far the largest to me, and that is myself, And\nwhether I come to my own to-day or in ten thousand or ten million years, I can\ncheerfully take it now, or with equal cheerfulness I can wait.\n\nMy foothold is tenon'd and mortis'd in granite, I laugh at what you call\ndissolution, And I know the amplitude of time.\n\n21\n\nI am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul, The pleasures of\nheaven are with me and the pains of hell are with me, The first I graft and\nincrease upon myself, the latter I translate into a new tongue.\n\nI am the poet of the woman the same as the man, And I say it is as great to be\na woman as to be a man, And I say there is nothing greater than the mother of\nmen.\n\nI chant the chant of dilation or pride, We have had ducking and deprecating\nabout enough, I show that size is only development.\n\nHave you outstript the rest? are you the President? It is a trifle, they will\nmore than arrive there every one, and still pass on.\n\nI am he that walks with the tender and growing night, I call to the earth and\nsea half-held by the night.\n\nPress close bare-bosom'd night — press close magnetic nourishing night! Night\nof south winds — night of the large few stars! Still nodding night — mad naked\nsummer night.\n\nSmile O voluptuous cool-breath'd earth! Earth of the slumbering and liquid\ntrees! Earth of departed sunset — earth of the mountains misty-topt! Earth of\nthe vitreous pour of the full moon just tinged with blue! Earth of shine and\ndark mottling the tide of the river! Earth of the limpid gray of clouds\nbrighter and clearer for my sake! Far-swooping elbow'd earth — rich apple-\nblossom'd earth! Smile, for your lover comes.\n\nProdigal, you have given me love — therefore I to you give love! O unspeakable\npassionate love.\n\n22\n\nYou sea! I resign myself to you also — I guess what you mean, I behold from\nthe beach your crooked inviting fingers, I believe you refuse to go back\nwithout feeling of me, We must have a turn together, I undress, hurry me out\nof sight of the land, Cushion me soft, rock me in billowy drowse, Dash me with\namorous wet, I can repay you.\n\nSea of stretch'd ground-swells, Sea breathing broad and convulsive breaths,\nSea of the brine of life and of unshovell'd yet always-ready graves, Howler\nand scooper of storms, capricious and dainty sea, I am integral with you, I\ntoo am of one phase and of all phases.\n\nPartaker of influx and efflux, I, extoller of hate and conciliation, Extoller\nof amies and those that sleep in each others' arms.\n\nI am he attesting sympathy, (Shall I make my list of things in the house and\nskip the house that supports them?)\n\nI am not the poet of goodness only, I do not decline to be the poet of\nwickedness also.\n\nWhat blurt is this about virtue and about vice? Evil propels me and reform of\nevil propels me, I stand indifferent, My gait is no fault-finder's or\nrejecter's gait, I moisten the roots of all that has grown.\n\nDid you fear some scrofula out of the unflagging pregnancy? Did you guess the\ncelestial laws are yet to be work'd over and rectified?\n\nI find one side a balance and the antipodal side a balance, Soft doctrine as\nsteady help as stable doctrine, Thoughts and deeds of the present our rouse\nand early start.\n\nThis minute that comes to me over the past decillions, There is no better than\nit and now.\n\nWhat behaved well in the past or behaves well to-day is not such a wonder, The\nwonder is always and always how there can be a mean man or an infidel.\n\n23\n\nEndless unfolding of words of ages! And mine a word of the modern, the word\nEn-Masse.\n\nA word of the faith that never balks, Here or henceforward it is all the same\nto me, I accept Time absolutely.\n\nIt alone is without flaw, it alone rounds and completes all, That mystic\nbaffling wonder alone completes all.\n\nI accept Reality and dare not question it, Materialism first and last imbuing.\n\nHurrah for positive science! long live exact demonstration! Fetch stonecrop\nmixt with cedar and branches of lilac, This is the lexicographer, this the\nchemist, this made a grammar of the old cartouches, These mariners put the\nship through dangerous unknown seas, This is the geologist, this works with\nthe scalpel, and this is a mathematician.\n\nGentlemen, to you the first honors always! Your facts are useful, and yet they\nare not my dwelling, I but enter by them to an area of my dwelling.\n\nLess the reminders of properties told my words, And more the reminders they of\nlife untold, and of freedom and extrication, And make short account of neuters\nand geldings, and favor men and women fully equipt, And beat the gong of\nrevolt, and stop with fugitives and them that plot and conspire.\n\n24\n\nWalt Whitman, a kosmos, of Manhattan the son, Turbulent, fleshy, sensual,\neating, drinking and breeding.\n\nNo sentimentalist, no stander above men and women or apart from them, No more\nmodest than immodest.\n\nUnscrew the locks from the doors! Unscrew the doors themselves from their\njambs!\n\nWhoever degrades another degrades me, And whatever is done or said returns at\nlast to me.\n\nThrough me the afflatus surging and surging, through me the current and index.\n\nI speak the pass-word primeval, I give the sign of democracy, By God! I will\naccept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms.\n\nThrough me many long dumb voices, Voices of the interminable generation of\nprisoners and slaves, Voices of the diseas'd and despairing and of thieves and\ndwarfs, Voices of cycles of preparation and accretion, And of the threads that\nconnect the stars, and of wombs and of the father-stuff, And of the rights of\nthem the others are down upon, Of the deform'd, trivial, flat, foolish,\ndespised, Fog in the air, beetles rolling balls of dung.\n\nThrough me forbidden voices, Voices of sexes and lusts, voices veil'd and I\nremove the veil, Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur'd.\n\nI do not press my fingers across my mouth, I keep as delicate around the\nbowels as around the head and heart, Copulation is no more rank to me than\ndeath is.\n\nI believe in the flesh and the appetites, Seeing, hearing, feeling, are\nmiracles, and each part and tag of me is a miracle.\n\nDivine am I inside and out, and I make holy whatever I touch or am touch'd\nfrom, The scent of these arm-pits aroma finer than prayer, This head more than\nchurches, bibles, and all the creeds.\n\nIf I worship one thing more than another it shall be the spread of my own\nbody, or any part of it, Translucent mould of me it shall be you! Shaded\nledges and rests it shall be you! Firm masculine colter it shall be you!\nWhatever goes to the tilth of me it shall be you! You my rich blood! your\nmilky stream pale strippings of my life! Breast that presses against other\nbreasts it shall be you! My brain it shall be your occult convolutions! Root\nof wash'd sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it\nshall be you! Mix'd tussled hay of head, beard, brawn, it shall be you!\nTrickling sap of maple, fibre of manly wheat, it shall be you! Sun so generous\nit shall be you! Vapors lighting and shading my face it shall be you! You\nsweaty brooks and dews it shall be you! Winds whose soft-tickling genitals rub\nagainst me it shall be you! Broad muscular fields, branches of live oak,\nloving lounger in my winding paths, it shall be you! Hands I have taken, face\nI have kiss'd, mortal I have ever touch'd, it shall be you.\n\nI dote on myself, there is that lot of me and all so luscious, Each moment and\nwhatever happens thrills me with joy, I cannot tell how my ankles bend, nor\nwhence the cause of my faintest wish, Nor the cause of the friendship I emit,\nnor the cause of the friendship I take again.\n\nThat I walk up my stoop, I pause to consider if it really be, A morning-glory\nat my window satisfies me more than the metaphysics of books.\n\nTo behold the day-break! The little light fades the immense and diaphanous\nshadows, The air tastes good to my palate.\n\nHefts of the moving world at innocent gambols silently rising, freshly\nexuding, Scooting obliquely high and low.\n\nSomething I cannot see puts upward libidinous prongs, Seas of bright juice\nsuffuse heaven.\n\nThe earth by the sky staid with, the daily close of their junction, The heav'd\nchallenge from the east that moment over my head, The mocking taunt, See then\nwhether you shall be master!\n\n25\n\nDazzling and tremendous how quick the sun-rise would kill me, If I could not\nnow and always send sun-rise out of me.\n\nWe also ascend dazzling and tremendous as the sun, We found our own O my soul\nin the calm and cool of the day-break.\n\nMy voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach, With the twirl of my tongue I\nencompass worlds and volumes of worlds.\n\nSpeech is the twin of my vision, it is unequal to measure itself, It provokes\nme forever, it says sarcastically, Walt you contain enough, why don't you let\nit out then?\n\nCome now I will not be tantalized, you conceive too much of articulation, Do\nyou not know O speech how the buds beneath you are folded? Waiting in gloom,\nprotected by frost, The dirt receding before my prophetical screams, I\nunderlying causes to balance them at last,\n\nMy knowledge my live parts, it keeping tally with the meaning of all things,\nHappiness, (which whoever hears me let him or her set out in search of this\nday.)\n\nMy final merit I refuse you, I refuse putting from me what I really am,\nEncompass worlds, but never try to encompass me, I crowd your sleekest and\nbest by simply looking toward you.\n\nWriting and talk do not prove me, I carry the plenum of proof and every thing\nelse in my face, With the hush of my lips I wholly confound the skeptic.\n\n26\n\nNow I will do nothing but listen, To accrue what I hear into this song, to let\nsounds contribute toward it.\n\nI hear bravuras of birds, bustle of growing wheat, gossip of flames, clack of\nsticks cooking my meals. I hear the sound I love, the sound of the human\nvoice, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused or following,\nSounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night,\nTalkative young ones to those that like them, the loud laugh of work-people at\ntheir meals, The angry base of disjointed friendship, the faint tones of the\nsick, The judge with hands tight to the desk, his pallid lips pronouncing a\ndeath-sentence, The heave'e'yo of stevedores unlading ships by the wharves,\nthe refrain of the anchor-lifters, The ring of alarm-bells, the cry of fire,\nthe whirr of swift-streaking engines and hose-carts with premonitory tinkles\nand color'd lights, The steam-whistle, the solid roll of the train of\napproaching cars,\n\nThe slow march play'd at the head of the association marching two and two,\n(They go to guard some corpse, the flag-tops are draped with black muslin.)\n\nI hear the violoncello, ('tis the young man's heart's complaint,) I hear the\nkey'd cornet, it glides quickly in through my ears, It shakes mad-sweet pangs\nthrough my belly and breast.\n\nI hear the chorus, it is a grand opera, Ah this indeed is music — this suits\nme.\n\nA tenor large and fresh as the creation fills me, The orbic flex of his mouth\nis pouring and filling me full.\n\nI hear the train'd soprano (what work with hers is this?) The orchestra whirls\nme wider than Uranus flies, It wrenches such ardors from me I did not know I\npossess'd them, It sails me, I dab with bare feet, they are lick'd by the\nindolent waves, I am cut by bitter and angry hail, I lose my breath, Steep'd\namid honey'd morphine, my windpipe throttled in fakes of death, At length let\nup again to feel the puzzle of puzzles, And that we call Being.\n\n27\n\nTo be in any form, what is that? (Round and round we go, all of us, and ever\ncome back thither,) If nothing lay more develop'd the quahaug in its callous\nshell were enough.\n\nMine is no callous shell, I have instant conductors all over me whether I pass\nor stop, They seize every object and lead it harmlessly through me.\n\nI merely stir, press, feel with my fingers, and am happy, To touch my person\nto some one else's is about as much as I can stand.\n\n28\n\nIs this then a touch? quivering me to a new identity, Flames and ether making\na rush for my veins, Treacherous tip of me reaching and crowding to help them,\nMy flesh and blood playing out lightning to strike what is hardly different\nfrom myself, On all sides prurient provokers stiffening my limbs, Straining\nthe udder of my heart for its withheld drip, Behaving licentious toward me,\ntaking no denial, Depriving me of my best as for a purpose, Unbuttoning my\nclothes, holding me by the bare waist, Deluding my confusion with the calm of\nthe sunlight and pasture-fields, Immodestly sliding the fellow-senses away,\nThey bribed to swap off with touch and go and graze at the edges of me, No\nconsideration, no regard for my draining strength or my anger, Fetching the\nrest of the herd around to enjoy them a while, Then all uniting to stand on a\nheadland and worry me.\n\nThe sentries desert every other part of me, They have left me helpless to a\nred marauder, They all come to the headland to witness and assist against me.\n\nI am given up by traitors, I talk wildly, I have lost my wits, I and nobody\nelse am the greatest traitor, I went myself first to the headland, my own\nhands carried me there.\n\nYou villain touch! what are you doing? my breath is tight in its throat,\nUnclench your floodgates, you are too much for me.\n\n29\n\nBlind loving wrestling touch, sheath'd hooded sharp-tooth'd touch! Did it make\nyou ache so, leaving me?\n\nParting track'd by arriving, perpetual payment of perpetual loan, Rich\nshowering rain, and recompense richer afterward.\n\nSprouts take and accumulate, stand by the curb prolific and vital, Landscapes\nprojected masculine, full-sized and golden.\n\n30\n\nAll truths wait in all things, They neither hasten their own delivery nor\nresist it, They do not need the obstetric forceps of the surgeon, The\ninsignificant is as big to me as any, (What is less or more than a touch?)\n\nLogic and sermons never convince, The damp of the night drives deeper into my\nsoul.\n\n(Only what proves itself to every man and woman is so, Only what nobody denies\nis so.)\n\nA minute and a drop of me settle my brain, I believe the soggy clods shall\nbecome lovers and lamps, And a compend of compends is the meat of a man or\nwoman, And a summit and flower there is the feeling they have for each other,\nAnd they are to branch boundlessly out of that lesson until it becomes\nomnific, And until one and all shall delight us, and we them.\n\n31\n\nI believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey-work of the stars, And\nthe pismire is equally perfect, and a grain of sand, and the egg of the wren,\nAnd the tree-toad is a chef-d'oeuvre for the highest, And the running\nblackberry would adorn the parlors of heaven, And the narrowest hinge in my\nhand puts to scorn all machinery,\n\nAnd the cow crunching with depress'd head surpasses any statue, And a mouse is\nmiracle enough to stagger sextillions of infidels.\n\nI find I incorporate gneiss, coal, long-threaded moss, fruits, grains,\nesculent roots, And am stucco'd with quadrupeds and birds all over, And have\ndistanced what is behind me for good reasons, But call any thing back again\nwhen I desire it.\n\nIn vain the speeding or shyness, In vain the plutonic rocks send their old\nheat against my approach, In vain the mastodon retreats beneath its own\npowder'd bones, In vain objects stand leagues off and assume manifold shapes,\nIn vain the ocean setting in hollows and the great monsters lying low, In vain\nthe buzzard houses herself with the sky, In vain the snake slides through the\ncreepers and logs, In vain the elk takes to the inner passes of the woods, In\nvain the razor-bill'd auk sails far north to Labrador, I follow quickly, I\nascend to the nest in the fissure of the cliff.\n\n32\n\nI think I could turn and live with animals, they're so placid and self-\ncontain'd, I stand and look at them long and long.\n\nThey do not sweat and whine about their condition, They do not lie awake in\nthe dark and weep for their sins, They do not make me sick discussing their\nduty to God, Not one is dissatisfied, not one is demented with the mania of\nowning things, Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived thousands\nof years ago, Not one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth.\n\nSo they show their relations to me and I accept them, They bring me tokens of\nmyself, they evince them plainly in their possession.\n\nI wonder where they get those tokens, Did I pass that way huge times ago and\nnegligently drop them?\n\nMyself moving forward then and now and forever, Gathering and showing more\nalways and with velocity, Infinite and omnigenous, and the like of these among\nthem, Not too exclusive toward the reachers of my remembrancers, Picking out\nhere one that I love, and now go with him on brotherly terms.\n\nA gigantic beauty of a stallion, fresh and responsive to my caresses, Head\nhigh in the forehead, wide between the ears, Limbs glossy and supple, tail\ndusting the ground, Eyes full of sparkling wickedness, ears finely cut,\nflexibly moving.\n\nHis nostrils dilate as my heels embrace him, His well-built limbs tremble with\npleasure as we race around and return. I but use you a minute, then I resign\nyou, stallion, Why do I need your paces when I myself out-gallop them? Even as\nI stand or sit passing faster than you.\n\n33\n\nSpace and Time! now I see it is true, what I guess'd at, What I guess'd when I\nloaf'd on the grass, What I guess'd while I lay alone in my bed, And again as\nI walk'd the beach under the paling stars of the morning.\n\nMy ties and ballasts leave me, my elbows rest in sea-gaps, I skirt sierras, my\npalms cover continents, I am afoot with my vision.\n\nBy the city's quadrangular houses — in log huts, camping with lumbermen, Along\nthe ruts of the turnpike, along the dry gulch and rivulet bed, Weeding my\nonion-patch or hoeing rows of carrots and parsnips, crossing savannas,\ntrailing in forests, Prospecting, gold-digging, girdling the trees of a new\npurchase, Scorch'd ankle-deep by the hot sand, hauling my boat down the\nshallow river, Where the panther walks to and fro on a limb overhead, where\nthe buck turns furiously at the hunter, Where the rattlesnake suns his flabby\nlength on a rock, where the otter is feeding on fish, Where the alligator in\nhis tough pimples sleeps by the bayou, Where the black bear is searching for\nroots or honey, where the beaver pats the mud with his paddle-shaped tail;\nOver the growing sugar, over the yellow-flower'd cotton plant, over the rice\nin its low moist field, Over the sharp-peak'd farm house, with its scallop'd\nscum and slender shoots from the gutters, Over the western persimmon, over the\nlong-leav'd corn, over the delicate blue-flower flax, Over the white and brown\nbuckwheat, a hummer and buzzer there with the rest, Over the dusky green of\nthe rye as it ripples and shades in the breeze; Scaling mountains, pulling\nmyself cautiously up, holding on by low scragged limbs, Walking the path worn\nin the grass and beat through the leaves of the brush, Where the quail is\nwhistling betwixt the woods and the wheatlot, Where the bat flies in the\nSeventh-month eve, where the great gold-bug drops through the dark, Where the\nbrook puts out of the roots of the old tree and flows to the meadow, Where\ncattle stand and shake away flies with the tremulous shuddering of their\nhides,\n\nWhere the cheese-cloth hangs in the kitchen, where andirons straddle the\nhearth-slab, where cobwebs fall in festoons from the rafters; Where trip-\nhammers crash, where the press is whirling its cylinders, Where the human\nheart beats with terrible throes under its ribs, Where the pear-shaped balloon\nis floating aloft, (floating in it myself and looking composedly down,) Where\nthe life-car is drawn on the slip-noose, where the heat hatches pale-green\neggs in the dented sand, Where the she-whale swims with her calf and never\nforsakes it, Where the steam-ship trails hind-ways its long pennant of smoke,\nWhere the fin of the shark cuts like a black chip out of the water, Where the\nhalf-burn'd brig is riding on unknown currents, Where shells grow to her slimy\ndeck, where the dead are corrupting below; Where the dense-starr'd flag is\nborne at the head of the regiments, Approaching Manhattan up by the long-\nstretching island, Under Niagara, the cataract falling like a veil over my\ncountenance, Upon a door-step, upon the horse-block of hard wood outside, Upon\nthe race-course, or enjoying picnics or jigs or a good game of base-ball, At\nhe-festivals, with blackguard gibes, ironical license, bull-dances, drinking,\nlaughter, At the cider-mill tasting the sweets of the brown mash, sucking the\njuice through a straw, At apple-peelings wanting kisses for all the red fruit\nI find, At musters, beach-parties, friendly bees, huskings, house-raisings;\nWhere the mocking-bird sounds his delicious gurgles, cackles, screams, weeps,\nWhere the hay-rick stands in the barn-yard, where the dry-stalks are\nscatter'd, where the brood-cow waits in the hovel,\n\nWhere the bull advances to do his masculine work, where the stud to the mare,\nwhere the cock is treading the hen, Where the heifers browse, where geese nip\ntheir food with short jerks, Where sun-down shadows lengthen over the\nlimitless and lonesome prairie, Where herds of buffalo make a crawling spread\nof the square miles far and near, Where the humming-bird shimmers, where the\nneck of the long-lived swan is curving and winding, Where the laughing-gull\nscoots by the shore, where she laughs her near-human laugh, Where bee-hives\nrange on a gray bench in the garden half hid by the high weeds, Where band-\nneck'd partridges roost in a ring on the ground with their heads out, Where\nburial coaches enter the arch'd gates of a cemetery, Where winter wolves bark\namid wastes of snow and icicled trees, Where the yellow-crown'd heron comes to\nthe edge of the marsh at night and feeds upon small crabs, Where the splash of\nswimmers and divers cools the warm noon, Where the katy-did works her\nchromatic reed on the walnut-tree over the wall, Through patches of citrons\nand cucumbers with silver-wired leaves, Through the salt-lick or orange glade,\nor under conical firs, Through the gymnasium, through the curtain'd saloon,\nthrough the office or public hall; Pleas'd with the native and pleas'd with\nthe foreign, pleas'd with the new and old, Pleas'd with the homely woman as\nwell as the handsome, Pleas'd with the quakeress as she puts off her bonnet\nand talks melodiously, Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the whitewash'd\nchurch, Pleas'd with the earnest words of the sweating Methodist preacher,\nimpress'd seriously at the camp-meeting; Looking in at the shop-windows of\nBroadway the whole forenoon, flatting the flesh of my nose on the thick plate\nglass,\n\nWandering the same afternoon with my face turn'd up to the clouds, or down a\nlane or along the beach, My right and left arms round the sides of two\nfriends, and I in the middle; Coming home with the silent and dark-cheek'd\nbush-boy, (behind me he rides at the drape of the day,) Far from the\nsettlements studying the print of animals' feet, or the moccasin print, By the\ncot in the hospital reaching lemonade to a feverish patient, Nigh the coffin'd\ncorpse when all is still, examining with a candle; Voyaging to every port to\ndicker and adventure, Hurrying with the modern crowd as eager and flickle as\nany, Hot toward one I hate, ready in my madness to knife him, Solitary at\nmidnight in my back yard, my thoughts gone from me a long while, Walking the\nold hills of Judaea with the beautiful gentle God by my side, Speeding through\nspace, speeding through heaven and the stars, Speeding amid the seven\nsatellites and the broad ring, and the diameter of eighty thousand miles,\nSpeeding with tail'd meteors, throwing fire-balls like the rest, Carrying the\ncrescent child that carries its own full mother in its belly, Storming,\nenjoying, planning, loving, cautioning, Backing and filling, appearing and\ndisappearing, I tread day and night such roads.\n\nI visit the orchards of spheres and look at the product, And look at\nquintillions ripen'd and look at quintillions green.\n\nI fly those flights of a fluid and swallowing soul, My course runs below the\nsoundings of plummets.\n\nI help myself to material and immaterial, No guard can shut me off, no law\nprevent me.\n\nI anchor my ship for a little while only, My messengers continually cruise\naway or bring their returns to me.\n\nI go hunting polar furs and the seal, leaping chasms with a pike-pointed\nstaff, clinging to topples of brittle and blue.\n\nI ascend to the foretruck, I take my place late at night in the crow's-nest,\nWe sail the arctic sea, it is plenty light enough, Through the clear\natmosphere I stretch around on the wonderful beauty, The enormous masses of\nice pass me and I pass them, the scenery is plain in all directions, The\nwhite-topt mountains show in the distance, I fling out my fancies toward them,\nWe are approaching some great battle-field in which we are soon to be engaged,\nWe pass the colossal outposts of the encampment, we pass with still feet and\ncaution, Or we are entering by the suburbs some vast and ruin'd city, The\nblocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.\n\nI am a free companion, I bivouac by invading watchfires, I turn the bridegroom\nout of bed and stay with the bride myself, I tighten her all night to my\nthighs and lips.\n\nMy voice is the wife's voice, the screech by the rail of the stairs, They\nfetch my man's body up dripping and drown'd.\n\nI understand the large hearts of heroes, The courage of present times and all\ntimes, How the skipper saw the crowded and rudderless wreck of the steamship,\nand Death chasing it up and down the storm, How he knuckled tight and gave not\nback an inch, and was faithful of days and faithful of nights, And chalk'd in\nlarge letters on a board, Be of good cheer, we will not desert you;\n\nHow he follow'd with them and tack'd with them three days and would not give\nit up, How he saved the drifting company at last, How the lank loose-gown'd\nwomen look'd when boated from the side of their prepared graves, How the\nsilent old-faced infants and the lifted sick, and the sharp-lipp'd unshaved\nmen; All this I swallow, it tastes good, I like it well, it becomes mine, I am\nthe man, I suffer'd, I was there.\n\nThe disdain and calmness of martyrs, The mother of old, condemn'd for a witch,\nburnt with dry wood, her children gazing on, The hounded slave that flags in\nthe race, leans by the fence, blowing, cover'd with sweat, The twinges that\nsting like needles his legs and neck, the murderous buckshot and the bullets,\nAll these I feel or am.\n\nI am the hounded slave, I wince at the bite of the dogs, Hell and despair are\nupon me, crack and again crack the marksmen, I clutch the rails of the fence,\nmy gore dribs, thinn'd with the ooze of my skin, I fall on the weeds and\nstones, The riders spur their unwilling horses, haul close, Taunt my dizzy\nears and beat me violently over the head with whip-stocks.\n\nAgonies are one of my changes of garments, I do not ask the wounded person how\nhe feels, I myself become the wounded person, My hurts turn livid upon me as I\nlean on a cane and observe.\n\nI am the mash'd fireman with breast-bone broken, Tumbling walls buried me in\ntheir debris, Heat and smoke I inspired, I heard the yelling shouts of my\ncomrades, I heard the distant click of their picks and shovels, They have\nclear'd the beams away, they tenderly life me forth.\n\nI lie in the night air in my red shirt, the pervading hush is for my sake,\nPainless after all I lie exhausted but not so unhappy, White and beautiful are\nthe faces around me, the heads are bared of their fire-caps, The kneeling\ncrowd fades with the light of the torches.\n\nDistant and dead resuscitate, They show as the dial or move as the hands of\nme, I am the clock myself.\n\nI am an old artillerist, I tell of my fort's bombardment, I am there again.\n\nAgain the long roll of the drummers, Again the attacking cannon, mortars,\nAgain to my listeing ears the cannon responsive.\n\nI take part, I see and hear the whole, The cries, curses, roar, the plaudits\nfor well-aim'd shots, The ambulanza slowly passing trailing its red drip,\nWorkmen searching after damages, making indispensable repairs, The fall of\ngrenades through the rent roof, the fan-shaped explosion, The whizz of limbs,\nheads, stone, wood, iron, high in the air.\n\nAgain gurgles the mouth of my dying general, he furiously waves with his hand,\nHe gasps through the clot Mind not me — mind — the entrenchments.\n\n34\n\nNow I tell what I knew in Texas in my early youth, (I tell not the fall of\nAlamo, Not one escaped to tell the fall of Alamo, The hundred and fifty are\ndumb yet at Alamo,) 'Tis the tale of the murder in cold blood of four hundred\nand twelve young men.\n\nRetreating they had form'd in a hollow square with their baggage for\nbreastworks, Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, nine times\ntheir number, was the price they took in advance, Their colonel was wounded\nand their ammunition gone, They treated for an honorable capitulation,\nreceiv'd writing and seal, gave up their arms and march'd back prisoners of\nwar.\n\nThey were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with horse, rifle, song,\nsupper, courtship, Large, turbulent, generous, handsome, proud, and\naffectionate, Bearded, sunburnt, drest in the free costume of hunters, Not a\nsingle one over thirty years of age.\n\nThe second First-day morning they were brought out in squads and massacred, it\nwas beautiful early summer, The work commenced about five o'clock and was over\nby eight.\n\nNone obey'd the command to kneel, Some made a mad and helpless rush, some\nstood stark and straight, A few fell at once, shot in the temple or heart, the\nliving and dead lay together, The maim'd and mangled dug in the dirt, the new-\ncomers saw them there, Some half-kill'd attempted to crawl away, These were\ndespatch'd with bayonets or batter'd with the blunts of muskets. A youth not\nseventeen years old seiz'd his assassin till two more came to release him, The\nthree were all torn and cover'd with the boy's blood.\n\nAt eleven o'clock began the burning of the bodies; That is the tale of the\nmurder of the four hundred and twelve young men.\n\n35\n\nWould you hear of an old-time sea-fight? Would you learn who won by the light\nof the moon and stars? List to the yarn, as my grandmother's father the sailor\ntold it to me.\n\nOur foe was no skulk in his ship I tell you, (said he,) His was the surly\nEnglish pluck, and there is no tougher or truer, and never was, and never will\nbe; Along the lower'd eve he came horribly raking us.\n\nWe closed with him, the yards entangled, the cannon touch'd, My captain lash'd\nfast with his own hands.\n\nWe had receiv'd some eighteen pound shots under the water, On our lower-gun-\ndeck two large pieces had burst at the first fire, killing all around and\nblowing up overhead.\n\nFighting at sun-down, fighting at dark, Ten o'clock at night, the full moon\nwell up, our leaks on the gain, and five feet of water reported, The master-\nat-arms loosing the prisoners confined in the after-hold to give them a chance\nfor themselves.\n\nThe transit to and from the magazine is now stopt by the sentinels, They see\nso many strange faces they do not know whom to trust.\n\nOur frigate takes fire, The other asks if we demand quarter? If our colors are\nstruck and the fighting done?\n\nNow I laugh content, for I hear the voice of my little captain, We have not\nstruck, he composedly cries, we have just begun our part of the fighting.\n\nOnly three guns are in use, One is directed by the captain himself against the\nenemy's main-mast, Two well serv'd with grape and canister silence his\nmusketry and clear his decks.\n\nThe tops alone second the fire of this little battery, especially the main-\ntop, They hold out bravely during the whole of the action.\n\nNot a moment's cease, The leaks gain fast on the pumps, the fire eats toward\nthe powder-magazine.\n\nOne of the pumps has been shot away, it is generally thought we are sinking.\n\nSerene stands the little captain, He is not hurried, his voice is neither high\nnor low, His eyes give more light to us than our battle-lanterns.\n\nToward twelve there in the beams of the moon they surrender to us.\n\n36\n\nStretch'd and still lies the midnight, Two great hulls motionless on the\nbreast of the darkness, Our vessel riddled and slowly sinking, preparations to\npass to the one we have conquer'd, The captain on the quarter-deck coldly\ngiving his orders through a countenance white as a sheet, Near by the corpse\nof the child that serv'd in the cabin, The dead face of an old salt with long\nwhite hair and carefully curl'd whiskers, The flames spite of all that can be\ndone flickering aloft and below, The husky voices of the two or three officers\nyet fit for duty, Formless stacks of bodies and bodies by themselves, dabs of\nflesh upon the masts and spars, Cut of cordage, dangle of rigging, slight\nshock of the soothe of waves, Black and impassive guns, litter of powder-\nparcels, strong scent, A few large stars overhead, silent and mournful\nshining, Delicate sniffs of sea-breeze, smells of sedgy grass and fields by\nthe shore, death-messages given in charge to survivors,\n\nThe hiss of the surgeon's knife, the gnawing teeth of his saw, Wheeze, cluck,\nswash of falling blood, short wild scream, and long, dull, tapering groan,\nThese so, these irretrievable.\n\n37\n\nYou laggards there on guard! look to your arms! In at the conquer'd doors they\ncrowd! I am possess'd! Embody all presences outlaw'd or suffering, See myself\nin prison shaped like another man, And feel the dull unintermitted pain, For\nme the keepers of convicts shoulder their carbines and keep watch, It is I let\nout in the morning and barr'd at night.\n\nNot a mutineer walks handcuff'd to jail but I am handcuff'd to him and walk by\nhis side, (I am less the jolly one there, and more the silent one with sweat\non my twitching lips.)\n\nNot a youngster is taken for larceny but I go up too, and am tried and\nsentenced.\n\nNot a cholera patient lies at the last gasp but I also lie at the last gasp,\nMy face is ash-color'd, my sinews gnarl, away from me people retreat.\n\nAskers embody themselves in me and I am embodied in them, I project my hat,\nsit shame-faced, and beg.\n\n38\n\nEnough! enough! enough! Somehow I have been stunn'd. Stand back! Give me a\nlittle time beyond my cuff'd head, slumbers, dreams, gaping, I discover myself\non the verse of a usual mistake.\n\nThat I could forget the mockers and insults! That I could forget the trickling\ntears and the blows of the bludgeons and hammers! That I could look with a\nseparate look on my own crucifixion and bloody crowning!\n\nI remember now, I resume the overstaid fraction, The grave of rock multiplies\nwhat has been confided to it, or to any graves, Corpses rise, gashes heal,\nfastenings roll from me.\n\nI troop forth replenish'd with supreme power, one of an average unending\nprocession, Inland and sea-coast we go, and pass all boundary lines, Our swift\nordinances on their way over the whole earth, The blossoms we wear in our hats\nthe growth of thousands of years.\n\nEleves, I salute you! come forward! Continue your annotations, continue your\nquestionings.\n\n39\n\nThe friendly and flowing savage, who is he? Is he waiting for civilization, or\npast it and mastering it?\n\nIs he some Southwesterner rais'd out-doors? is he Kanadian? Is he from the\nMississippi country? Iowa, Oregon, California? The mountains? prairie-life,\nbush-life? or sailor from the sea?\n\nWherever he goes men and women accept and desire him, They desire he should\nlike them, touch them, speak to them, stay with them.\n\nBehavior lawless as snow-flakes, words simple as grass, uncomb'd head,\nlaughter, and naivet�, Slow-stepping feet, common features, common modes and\nemanations, They descend in new forms from the tips of his fingers,\n\nThey are wafted with the odor of his body or breath, they fly out of the\nglance of his eyes.\n\n40\n\nFlaunt of the sunshine I need not your bask — lie over! You light surfaces\nonly, I force surfaces and depths also.\n\nEarth! you seem to look for something at my hands, Say, old top-knot, what do\nyou want?\n\nMan or woman, I might tell how I like you, but cannot, And might tell what it\nis in me and what it is in you, but cannot, And might tell that pining I have,\nthat pulse of my nights and days.\n\nBehold, I do not give lectures or a little charity, When I give I give myself.\n\nYou there, impotent, loose in the knees, Open your scarf'd chops till I blow\ngrit within you, Spread your palms and life the flaps of your pockets, I am\nnot to be denied, I compel, I have stores plenty and to spare, And any thing I\nhave I bestow.\n\nI do not ask who you are, that is not important to me, You can do nothing and\nbe nothing but what I will infold you.\n\nTo cotton-field drudge or cleaner of privies I lean, On his right cheek I put\nthe family kiss, And in my soul I swear I never will deny him.\n\nOn women fit for conception I start bigger and nimbler babes, (This day I am\njetting the stuff of far more arrogant republics.)\n\nTo any one dying, thither I speed and twist the knob of the door,\n\nTurn the bed-clothes toward the foot of the bed, Let the physician and the\npriest go home.\n\nI seize the descending man and raise him with resistless will, O despairer,\nhere is my neck, By God, you shall not go down! hang your whole weight upon\nme.\n\nI dilate you with tremendous breath, I buoy you up, Every room of the house do\nI fill with an arm'd force, Lovers of me, bafflers of graves.\n\nSleep — I and they keep guard all night, Not doubt, not disease shall dare to\nlay finger upon you, I have embraced you, and henceforth possess you to\nmyself, And when you rise in the morning you will find what I tell you is so.\n\n41\n\nI am he bringing help for the sick as they pant on their backs, And for strong\nupright men I bring yet more needed help.\n\nI heard what was said of the universe, Heard it and heard it of several\nthousand years; It is middling well as far as it goes — but is that all?\n\nMagnifying and applying come I, Outbidding at the start the old cautious\nhucksters, Taking myself the exact dimensions of Jehovah, Lithographing\nKronos, Zeus his son, and Hercules his grandson, Buying drafts of Osiris,\nIsis, Belus, Brahma, Buddha, In my portfolio placing Manito loose, Allah on a\nleaf, the crucifix engraved, With Odin and the hideous-faced Mexitli and every\nidol and image, Taking them all for what they are worth and not a cent more,\nAdmitting they were alive and did the work of their days, (They bore mites as\nfor unfledg'd birds who have now to rise and fly and sing for themselves,)\n\nAccepting the rough deific sketches to fill out better in myself, bestowing\nthem freely on each man and woman I see, Discovering as much or more in a\nframer framing a house, Putting higher claims for him there with his roll'd-up\nsleeves driving the mallet and chisel, Not objecting to special revelations,\nconsidering a curl of smoke or a hair on the back of my hand just as curious\nas any revelation, Lads ahold of fire-engines and hook-and-ladder ropes no\nless to me than the gods of the antique wars, Minding their voices peal\nthrough the crash of destruction, Their brawny limbs passing safe over charr'd\nlaths, their white foreheads whole and unhurt out of the flames; By the\nmechanic's wife with her babe at her nipple interceding for every person born,\nThree scythes at harvest whizzing in a row from three lusty angels with shirts\nbagg'd out at their waists, The snag-tooth'd hostler with red hair redeeming\nsins past and to come, Selling all he possesses, traveling on foot to fee\nlawyers for his brother and sit by him while he is tried for forgery; What was\nstrewn in the amplest strewing the square rod about me, and not filling the\nsquare rod then, The bull and the bug never worshipp'd half enough, Dung and\ndirt more admirable than was dream'd, The supernatural of no account, myself\nwaiting my time to be one of the supremes, The day getting ready for me when I\nshall do as much good as the best, and be as prodigious; By my life-lumps!\nbecoming already a creator, Putting myself here and now to the ambush'd womb\nof the shadows.\n\n42\n\nA call in the midst of the crowd, My own voice, orotund sweeping and final.\n\nCome my children, Come my boys and girls, my women, household and intimates,\n\nNow the performer launches his nerve, he has pass'd his prelude on the reeds\nwithin.\n\nEasily written loose-finger'd chords — I feel the thrum of your climax and\nclose.\n\nMy head slues round on my neck, Music rolls, but not from the organ, Folks are\naround me, but they are no household of mine.\n\nEver the hard unsunk ground, Ever the eaters and drinkers, ever the upward and\ndownward sun, ever the air and the ceaseless tides, Ever myself and my\nneighbors, refreshing, wicked, real, Ever the old inexplicable query, ever\nthat thorn'd thumb, that breath of itches and thirsts, Ever the vexer's hoot!\nhoot! till we find where the sly one hides and bring him forth, Ever love,\never the sobbing liquid of life, Ever the bandage under the chin, ever the\ntrestles of death.\n\nHere and there with dimes on the eyes walking, To feed the greed of the belly\nthe brains liberally spooning, Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the\nfeast never once going, Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the\nchaff for payment receiving, A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually\nclaiming.\n\nThis is the city and I am one of the citizens, Whatever interests the rest\ninterests me, politics, wars, markets, newspapers, schools, The mayor and\ncouncils, banks, tariffs, steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate\nand personal estate.\n\nThe little plentiful manikins skipping around in collars and tail'd coats, I\nam aware who they are, (they are positively not worms or fleas,) I acknowledge\nthe duplicates of myself, the weakest and shallowest is deathless with me,\n\nWhat I do and say the same waits for them, Every thought that flounders in me\nthe same flounders in them.\n\nI know perfectly well my own egotism, Know my omnivorous lines and must not\nwrite any less, And would fetch you whoever you are flush with myself.\n\nNot words of routine this song of mine, But abruptly to question, to leap\nbeyond yet nearer bring; This printed and bound book — but the printer and the\nprinting-office boy? The well-taken photographs — but your wife or friend\nclose and solid in your arms? The black ship mail'd with iron, her mighty guns\nin her turrets — but the pluck of the captain and engineers? In the houses the\ndishes and fare and furniture — but the host and hostess, and the look out of\ntheir eyes? The sky up there — yet here or next door, or across the way? The\nsaints and sages in history — but you yourself? Sermons, creeds, theology —\nbut the fathomless human brain, And what is reason? and what is love? and what\nis life?\n\n43\n\nI do not despise you priests, all time, the world over, My faith is the\ngreatest of faiths and the least of faiths, Enclosing worship ancient and\nmodern and all between ancient and modern, Believing I shall come again upon\nthe earth after five thousand years, Waiting responses from oracles, honoring\nthe gods, saluting the sun, Making a fetich of the first rock or stump,\npowowing with sticks in the circle of obis, Helping the llama or brahmin as he\ntrims the lamps of the idols, Dancing yet through the streets in a phallic\nprocession, rapt and austere in the woods a gymnosophist, Drinking mead from\nthe skull-cup, to Shastas and Vedas admirant, minding the Koran,\n\nWalking the teokallis, spotted with gore from the stone and knife, beating the\nserpent-skin drum, Accepting the Gospels, accepting him that was crucified,\nknowing assuredly that he is divine, To the mass kneeling or the puritan's\nprayer rising, or sitting patiently in a pew, Ranting and frothing in my\ninsane crisis, or waiting dead-like till my spirit arouses me, Looking forth\non pavement and land, or outside of pavement and land, Belonging to the\nwinders of the circuit of circuits.\n\nOne of that centripetal and centrifugal gang I turn and talk like a man\nleaving charges before a journey.\n\nDown-hearted doubters dull and excluded, Frivolous, sullen, moping, angry,\naffected, dishearten'd, atheistical, I know every one of you, I know the sea\nof torment, doubt, despair and unbelief.\n\nHow the flukes splash! How they contort rapid as lightning, with spasms and\nspouts of blood!\n\nBe at peace bloody flukes of doubters and sullen mopers, I take my place among\nyou as much as among any, The past is the push of you, me, all, precisely the\nsame, And what is yet untried and afterward is for you, me, all precisely the\nsame.\n\nI do not know what is untried and afterward, But I know it will in its turn\nprove sufficient, and cannot fail.\n\nEach who passes is consider'd, each who stops is consider'd, not a single one\ncan it fail.\n\nIt cannot fail the young man who died and was buried, Nor the young woman who\ndied and was put by his side, Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door,\nand then drew back and was never seen again,\n\nNor the old man who has lived without purpose, and feels it with bitterness\nworse than gall, Nor him in the poor house tubercled by rum and the bad\ndisorder, Nor the numberless slaughter'd and wreck'd, nor the brutish koboo\ncall'd the ordure of humanity, Nor the sacs merely floating with open mouths\nfor food to slip in, Nor any thing in the earth, or down in the oldest graves\nof the earth, Nor any thing in the myriads of spheres, nor the myriads of\nmyriads that inhabit them, Nor the present, nor the least wisp that is known.\n\n44\n\nIt is time to explain myself — let us stand up.\n\nWhat is known I strip away, I launch all men and women forward with me into\nthe Unknown.\n\nThe clock indicates the moment — but what does eternity indicate?\n\nWe have thus far exhausted trillions of winters and summers, There are\ntrillions ahead, and trillions ahead of them.\n\nBirths have brought us richness and variety, And other births will bring us\nrichness and variety.\n\nI do not call one greater and one smaller, That which fills its period and\nplace is equal to any.\n\nWere mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister? I am sorry\nfor you, they are not murderous or jealous upon me, All has been gentle with\nme, I keep no account with lamentation, (What have I to do with lamentation?)\n\nI am an acme of things accomplish'd, and I an encloser of things to be.\n\nMy feet strike an apex of the apices of the stairs, On every step bunches of\nages, and larger bunches between the steps, All below duly travel'd, and still\nI mount and mount.\n\nRise after rise bow the phantoms behind me, Afar down I see the huge first\nNothing, I know I was even there, I waited unseen and always, and slept\nthrough the lethargic mist, And took my time, and took no hurt from the fetid\ncarbon.\n\nLong I was hugg'd close — long and long.\n\nImmense have been the preparations for me, Faithful and friendly the arms that\nhave help'd me.\n\nCycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like cheerful boatmen, For room to\nme stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after\nwhat was to hold me.\n\nBefore I was born out of my mother generations guided me, My embryo has never\nbeen torpid, nothing could overlay it.\n\nFor it the nebula cohered to an orb, The long slow strata piled to rest it on,\nVast vegetables gave it sustenance, Monstrous sauroids transported it in their\nmouths and deposited it with care.\n\nAll forces have been steadily employ'd to complete and delight me, Now on this\nspot I stand with my robust soul.\n\n45\n\nO span of youth! ever-push'd elasticity! O manhood, balanced, florid and full.\n\nMy lovers suffocate me, Crowding my lips, thick in the pores of my skin,\nJostling me through streets and public halls, coming naked to me at night,\nCrying by day Ahoy! from the rocks of the river, swinging and chirping over my\nhead, Calling my name from flower-beds, vines, tangled underbrush, Lighting on\nevery moment of my life, Bussing my body with soft balsamic busses,\nNoiselessly passing handfuls out of their hearts and giving them to be mine.\n\nOld age superbly rising! O welcome, ineffable grace of dying days!\n\nEvery condition promulges not only itself, it promulges what grows after and\nout of itself, And the dark hush promulges as much as any.\n\nI open my scuttle at night and see the far-sprinkled systems, And all I see\nmultiplied as high as I can cipher edge but the rim of the farther systems.\n\nWider and wider they spread, expanding, always expanding, Outward and outward\nand forever outward.\n\nMy sun has his sun and round him obediently wheels, He joins with his partners\na group of superior circuit, And greater sets follow, making specks of the\ngreatest inside them.\n\nThere is no stoppage and never can be stoppage, If I, you, and the worlds, and\nall beneath or upon their surfaces, were this moment reduced back to a pallid\nfloat, it would not avail in the long run, We should surely bring up again\nwhere we now stand, And surely go as much farther, and then farther and\nfarther.\n\nA few quadrillions of eras, a few octillions of cubic leagues, do not hazard\nthe span or make it impatient, They are but parts, any thing is but a part.\n\nSee ever so far, there is limitless space outside of that, Count ever so much,\nthere is limitless time around that.\n\nMy rendezvous is appointed, it is certain, The Lord will be there and wait\ntill I come on perfect terms, The great Camerado, the lover true for whom I\npine will be there.\n\n46\n\nI know I have the best of time and space, and was never measured and never\nwill be measured.\n\nI tramp a perpetual journey, (come listen all!) My signs are a rain-proof\ncoat, good shoes, and a staff cut from the woods, No friend of mine takes his\nease in my chair, I have no chair, no church, no philosophy, I lead no man to\na dinner-table, library, exchange, But each man and each woman of you I lead\nupon a knoll, My left hand hooking you round the waist, My right hand pointing\nto landscapes of continents and the public road.\n\nNot I, not any one else can travel that road for you, You must travel it for\nyourself.\n\nIt is not far, it is within reach, Perhaps you have been on it since you were\nborn and did not know, Perhaps it is everywhere on water and on land.\n\nShoulder your duds dear son, and I will mine, and let us hasten forth,\nWonderful cities and free nations we shall fetch as we go.\n\nIf you tire, give me both burdens, and rest the chuff of your hand on my hip,\nAnd in due time you shall repay the same service to me, For after we start we\nnever lie by again.\n\nThis day before dawn I ascended a hill and look'd at the crowded heaven, And I\nsaid to my spirit When we become the enfolders of those orbs, and the pleasure\nand knowledge of every thing in them, shall we be fill'd and satisfied then?\nAnd my spirit said No, we but level that lift to pass and continue beyond.\n\nYou are also asking me questions and I hear you, I answer that I cannot\nanswer, you must find out for yourself.\n\nSit a while dear son, Here are biscuits to eat and here is milk to drink, But\nas soon as you sleep and renew yourself in sweet clothes, I kiss you with a\ngood-by kiss and open the gate for your egress hence.\n\nLong enough have you dream'd contemptible dreams, Now I wash the gum from your\neyes, You must habit yourself to the dazzle of the light and of every moment\nof your life.\n\nLong have you timidly waded holding a plank by the shore, Now I will you to be\na bold swimmer, To jump off in the midst of the sea, rise again, nod to me,\nshout, and laughingly dash with your hair.\n\n47\n\nI am the teacher of athletes, He that by me spreads a wider breast than my own\nproves the width of my own, He most honors my style who learns under it to\ndestroy the teacher.\n\nThe boy I love, the same becomes a man not through derived power, but in his\nown right, Wicked rather than virtuous out of conformity or fear, Fond of his\nsweetheart, relishing well his steak, Unrequited love or a slight cutting him\nworse than sharp steel cuts,\n\nFirst-rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bull's eye, to sail a skiff, to sing\na song or play on the banjo, Preferring scars and the beard and faces pitted\nwith small-pox over all latherers, And those well-tann'd to those that keep\nout of the sun.\n\nI teach straying from me, yet who can stray from me? I follow you whoever you\nare from the present hour, My words itch at your ears till you understand\nthem.\n\nI do not say these things for a dollar or to fill up the time while I wait for\na boat, (It is you talking just as much as myself, I act as the tongue of you,\nTied in your mouth, in mine it begins to be loosen'd.)\n\nI swear I will never again mention love or death inside a house, And I swear I\nwill never translate myself at all, only to him or her who privately stays\nwith me in the open air.\n\nIf you would understand me go to the heights or water-shore, The nearest gnat\nis an explanation, and a drop or motion of waves a key, The maul, the oar, the\nhand-saw, second my words.\n\nNo shutter'd room or school can commune with me, But roughs and little\nchildren better than they.\n\nThe young mechanic is closest to me, he knows me well, The woodman that takes\nhis axe and jug with him shall take me with him all day, The farm-boy\nploughing in the field feels good at the sound of my voice, In vessels that\nsail my words sail, I go with fishermen and seamen and love them.\n\nThe soldier camp'd or upon the march is mine, On the night ere the pending\nbattle many seek me, and I do not fail them,\n\nOn that solemn night (it may be their last) those that know me seek me.\n\nMy face rubs to the hunter's face when he lies down alone in his blanket, The\ndriver thinking of me does not mind the jolt of his wagon, The young mother\nand old mother comprehend me, The girl and the wife rest the needle a moment\nand forget where they are, They and all would resume what I have told them.\n\n48\n\nI have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the\nbody is not more than the soul, And nothing, not God, is greater to one than\none's self is, And whoever walks a furlong without sympathy walks to his own\nfuneral drest in his shroud, And I or you pocketless of a dime may purchase\nthe pick of the earth, And to glance with an eye or show a bean in its pod\nconfounds the learning of all times, And there is no trade or employment but\nthe young man following it may become a hero, And there is no object so soft\nbut it makes a hub for the wheel'd universe, And I say to any man or woman,\nLet your soul stand cool and composed before a million universes.\n\nAnd I say to mankind, Be not curious about God, For I who am curious about\neach am not curious about God, (No array of terms can say how much I am at\npeace about God and about death.)\n\nI hear and behold God in every object, yet understand God not in the least,\nNor do I understand who there can be more wonderful than myself.\n\nWhy should I wish to see God better than this day? I see something of God each\nhour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I\nsee God, and in my own face in the glass, I find letters from God dropt in the\nstreet, and every one is sign'd by God's name, And I leave them where they\nare, for I know that wheresoe'er I go, Others will punctually come for ever\nand ever.\n\n49\n\nAnd as to you Death, and you bitter hug of mortality, it is idle to try to\nalarm me.\n\nTo his work without flinching the accoucheur comes, I see the elder-hand\npressing receiving supporting, I recline by the sills of the exquisite\nflexible doors, And mark the outlet, and mark the relief and escape.\n\nAnd as to you Corpse I think you are good manure, but that does not offend me,\nI smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips,\nI reach to the polish'd breasts of melons.\n\nAnd as to you Life I reckon you are the leavings of many deaths, (No doubt I\nhave died myself ten thousand times before.)\n\nI hear you whispering there O stars of heaven, O suns — O grass of graves — O\nperpetual transfers and promotions, If you do not say any thing how can I say\nany thing?\n\nOf the turbid pool that lies in the autumn forest, Of the moon that descends\nthe steeps of the soughing twilight, Toss, sparkles of day and dusk — toss on\nthe black stems that decay in the muck, Toss to the moaning gibberish of the\ndry limbs.\n\nI ascend from the moon, I ascend from the night, I perceive that the ghastly\nglimmer is noonday sunbeams reflected, And debouch to the steady and central\nfrom the offspring great or small.\n\n50\n\nThere is that in me — I do not know what it is — but I know it is in me.\n\nWrench'd and sweaty — calm and cool then my body becomes, I sleep — I sleep\nlong.\n\nI do not know it — it is without name — it is a word unsaid, It is not in any\ndictionary, utterance, symbol.\n\nSomething it swings on more than the earth I swing on, To it the creation is\nthe friend whose embracing awakes me.\n\nPerhaps I might tell more. Outlines! I plead for my brothers and sisters.\n\nDo you see O my brothers and sisters? It is not chaos or death — it is form,\nunion, plan — it is eternal life — it is Happiness.\n\n51\n\nThe past and present wilt — I have fill'd them, emptied them, And proceed to\nfill my next fold of the future.\n\nListener up there! what have you to confide to me? Look in my face while I\nsnuff the sidle of evening, (Talk honestly, no one else hears you, and I stay\nonly a minute longer.)\n\nDo I contradict myself? Very well then I contradict myself, (I am large, I\ncontain multitudes.)\n\nI concentrate toward them that are nigh, I wait on the door-slab.\n\nWho has done his day's work? who will soonest be through with his supper? Who\nwishes to walk with me?\n\nWill you speak before I am gone? will you prove already too late?\n\n52\n\nThe spotted hawk swoops by and accuses me, he complains of my gab and my\nloitering.\n\nI too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable, I sound my barbaric yawp\nover the roofs of the world.\n\nThe last scud of day holds back for me, It flings my likeness after the rest\nand true as any on the shadow'd wilds, It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk.\n\nI depart as air, I shake my white locks at the runaway sun, I effuse my flesh\nin eddies, and drift it in lacy jags.\n\nI bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love, If you want me\nagain look for me under your boot-soles.\n\nYou will hardly know who I am or what I mean, But I shall be good health to\nyou nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood.\n\nFailing to fetch me at first keep encouraged, Missing me one place search\nanother, I stop somewhere waiting for you.\n\n1855 1881\n\nOnline Source: http://www.bibliomania.com\n\nReturn to Walt Whitman\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211123025852/https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/","parsed_text":{"title":"Examples and Definition of Metaphor","passages":["A metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things. As a literary device, metaphor creates implicit comparisons without the express use of “like” or “as.” Metaphor is a means of asserting that two things are identical in comparison rather than just similar. This is useful in literature for using specific images or concepts to state abstract truths.","For example, one of the most famous metaphors in literature is featured in this line from William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet: What light through yonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet, the sun! In this metaphor, Juliet is compared to the sun. In fact, this figure of speech claims that Juliet is the sun. Of course, the reader understands that Romeo does not believe that Juliet is literally the sun. Instead, the comparison demonstrates the idea that Romeo equates Juliet with the beauty, awe, and life-giving force of the sun. To Romeo, symbolically, Juliet and the sun are the same.","There are many common examples of metaphor in everyday conversation and writing. Here are some well-known uses of this figure of speech:","Some of the most well-known lines in movies feature metaphor. Here are some memorable movie lines that showcase metaphor as an effective device:","Metaphor is also found in many famous examples of poetry, prose, drama, lyrics, and even clever quotations. Here are some famous examples of metaphor:","It can be difficult in some instances to distinguish between metaphor and simile as literary devices. Both are figures of speech designed to create comparisons. In fact, simile is a subset of metaphor. However, they are distinguished by the presence of one of two words: “like” and “as.” Metaphors create direct comparisons without using either of these words. Similes feature either like or as in making a comparison.","A good example to distinguish between these two literary devices comes from the movie adaptation of the novel Forrest Gump by Winston Groom. One of the movie’s themes is based on a comparison between life and a box of chocolates. The main character, Forrest Gump, quotes his mother: “Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.” In this case, the comparison between life and a box of chocolates is a simile due to the presence of the word like.","In a different scene, the audience hears Forrest’s mother say: “Life is a box of chocolates, Forrest. You never know what you’re going to get.” This comparison is a metaphor due to the absence of the word like (or as). Both quotes feature comparative figures of speech. However, the uses of metaphor and simile create subtle differences in the meaning of comparing life to a box of chocolates.","Overall, as a literary device, metaphor functions as a means of creating a direct comparison between two seemingly different things. This is effective for readers in that metaphor can create an association between two dissimilar entities or ideas that, as a result of the metaphor, illuminate each other and deepen the meaning of both. Metaphor is an essential figure of speech for writers of both poetry and prose.","It’s important that writers construct proper metaphors so that the comparative meaning is not lost for the reader. In fact, metaphors are dependent on the understandable combination of a principal term and a secondary term. The principal term conveys the concrete or literal entity, and the secondary term is used figuratively to add meaning. For example, in the metaphor “the car was a lemon,” the principal term is “car” and the secondary term is “lemon.” The use of lemon adds figurative meaning for the car.","Metaphors allow writers to create imagery for readers that is limited by description alone. In other words, an effective metaphor eliminates the need for excessive explanation or description on the part of the writer. Instead, by implicitly comparing two different things, an image is created for the reader to allow for greater meaning and understanding. This imagery is a powerful result of using metaphor as a literary device.","When writers utilize metaphor as a literary device, it often causes the reader to think about the “logic” or truth in such a comparison. These thoughts, in turn, may evoke emotion in the reader with a successful metaphor through the realization that the comparison is valid. This is especially effective in poetry as a means of portraying truths in a lyrical yet concise manner.","Metaphor is a very effective literary device. Here are some examples of metaphor and how it adds to the significance of well-known literary works:","Hughes utilizes a second metaphor in the second stanza for life without dreams. In this case, when dreams go, life is a “barren field frozen with snow.” This metaphor creates a comparison between life and an empty, frozen wasteland. Therefore, due to Hughes’s use of metaphor as a literary device in this poem, life becomes death and a burial ground without dreams."]},"parsed_md":"Metaphor - Examples and Definition of Metaphor\n\nLiterary Devices\n\nDefinition and Examples of Literary Terms\n\n# Metaphor\n\n## Definition of Metaphor\n\nA metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike\nthings. As a literary device, metaphor creates implicit comparisons without\nthe express use of “like” or “as.” Metaphor is a means of asserting that two\nthings are identical in comparison rather than just similar. This is useful in\nliterature for using specific images or concepts to state abstract truths.\n\nFor example, one of the most famous metaphors in literature is featured in\nthis line from William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet: What light through\nyonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet, the sun! In this metaphor,\nJuliet is compared to the sun. In fact, this figure of speech claims that\nJuliet is the sun. Of course, the reader understands that Romeo does not\nbelieve that Juliet is literally the sun. Instead, the comparison demonstrates\nthe idea that Romeo equates Juliet with the beauty, awe, and life-giving force\nof the sun. To Romeo, symbolically, Juliet and the sun are the same.\n\n## Common Examples of Metaphor\n\nThere are many common examples of metaphor in everyday conversation and\nwriting. Here are some well-known uses of this figure of speech:\n\n * Laughter is the best medicine.\n * She is just a late bloomer.\n * Is there a black sheep in your family?\n * His heart of stone surprised me.\n * I smell success in this building.\n * He’s buried in a sea of paperwork.\n * There is a weight on my shoulder.\n * Time is money.\n * No man is an island.\n * That actor is a tall drink of water.\n * Age is a state of mind.\n * Last night I slept the sleep of the dead.\n * The new parents had stars in their eyes.\n * The criminal has blood on his hands.\n * There is a garden in her face.\n * Our family is a patchwork quilt.\n * She has been living in a bubble.\n * Your argument is a slippery slope.\n * We found it under a blanket of sand.\n * I’m pleased to meet your better half.\n\n## Examples of Metaphor in Movie Lines\n\nSome of the most well-known lines in movies feature metaphor. Here are some\nmemorable movie lines that showcase metaphor as an effective device:\n\n * A Dream is a wish your heart makes. (Walt Disney’s Cinderella)\n * The rain on my car is a baptism. (Say Anything)\n * Life is pain, highness. Anyone who says differently is selling something. (The Princess Bride)\n * Fasten your seat-belts; it’s going to be a bumpy night. (All About Eve)\n * Life is a cabaret, old chum. (Cabaret)\n * Say ‘hello’ to my little friend. (Scarface)\n * It was beauty killed the beast. (King Kong)\n * Hell is a teenage girl. (Jennifer’s Body)\n * You sit on a throne of lies. (Elf)\n * I drink your milkshake. (There Will Be Blood)\n\n## Famous Examples of Metaphor\n\nMetaphor is also found in many famous examples of poetry, prose, drama,\nlyrics, and even clever quotations. Here are some famous examples of metaphor:\n\n * Your heart is my piñata. (Chuck Palahniuk)\n * Life is a highway. (Tom Cochrane)\n * For woman is yin, the darkness within, where untempered passions lie. (Amy Tan)\n * Love is a battlefield. (Pat Benatar)\n * Each friend represents a world in us. (Anais Nin)\n * You are sunlight and I moon. (Miss Saigon)\n * If music be the food of love, play on (William Shakespeare)\n * Adults are just obsolete children and the hell with them. (Dr. Seuss)\n * Time is a drug. Too much of it kills you. (Terry Pratchet)\n * hope is the thing with feathers (Emily Dickinson)\n\n## Difference Between Metaphor and Simile\n\nIt can be difficult in some instances to distinguish between metaphor and\nsimile as literary devices. Both are figures of speech designed to create\ncomparisons. In fact, simile is a subset of metaphor. However, they are\ndistinguished by the presence of one of two words: “like” and “as.” Metaphors\ncreate direct comparisons without using either of these words. Similes feature\neither like or as in making a comparison.\n\nA good example to distinguish between these two literary devices comes from\nthe movie adaptation of the novel Forrest Gump by Winston Groom. One of the\nmovie’s themes is based on a comparison between life and a box of chocolates.\nThe main character, Forrest Gump, quotes his mother: “Life is like a box of\nchocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.” In this case, the\ncomparison between life and a box of chocolates is a simile due to the\npresence of the word like.\n\nIn a different scene, the audience hears Forrest’s mother say: “Life is a box\nof chocolates, Forrest. You never know what you’re going to get.” This\ncomparison is a metaphor due to the absence of the word like (or as). Both\nquotes feature comparative figures of speech. However, the uses of metaphor\nand simile create subtle differences in the meaning of comparing life to a box\nof chocolates.\n\n## Writing Metaphor\n\nOverall, as a literary device, metaphor functions as a means of creating a\ndirect comparison between two seemingly different things. This is effective\nfor readers in that metaphor can create an association between two dissimilar\nentities or ideas that, as a result of the metaphor, illuminate each other and\ndeepen the meaning of both. Metaphor is an essential figure of speech for\nwriters of both poetry and prose.\n\nIt’s important that writers construct proper metaphors so that the comparative\nmeaning is not lost for the reader. In fact, metaphors are dependent on the\nunderstandable combination of a principal term and a secondary term. The\nprincipal term conveys the concrete or literal entity, and the secondary term\nis used figuratively to add meaning. For example, in the metaphor “the car was\na lemon,” the principal term is “car” and the secondary term is “lemon.” The\nuse of lemon adds figurative meaning for the car.\n\nHere are some ways that writers benefit from incorporating metaphor into their\nwork:\n\n### Create Imagery\n\nMetaphors allow writers to create imagery for readers that is limited by\ndescription alone. In other words, an effective metaphor eliminates the need\nfor excessive explanation or description on the part of the writer. Instead,\nby implicitly comparing two different things, an image is created for the\nreader to allow for greater meaning and understanding. This imagery is a\npowerful result of using metaphor as a literary device.\n\n### Evoke Thought and Emotion\n\nWhen writers utilize metaphor as a literary device, it often causes the reader\nto think about the “logic” or truth in such a comparison. These thoughts, in\nturn, may evoke emotion in the reader with a successful metaphor through the\nrealization that the comparison is valid. This is especially effective in\npoetry as a means of portraying truths in a lyrical yet concise manner.\n\n## Examples of Metaphor in Literature\n\nMetaphor is a very effective literary device. Here are some examples of\nmetaphor and how it adds to the significance of well-known literary works:\n\n### Example 1: Fire and Ice (Robert Frost)\n\n> Some say the world will end in fire,\n>\n> Some say in ice.\n>\n> From what I’ve tasted of desire\n>\n> I hold with those who favor fire.\n>\n> But if it had to perish twice,\n>\n> I think I know enough of hate\n>\n> To say that for destruction ice\n>\n> Is also great\n>\n> And would suffice.\n\nIn this poem, Frost compares end-of-world destructive forces to both fire and\nice. These are metaphors that serve as figures of speech in the sense that the\npoet does not literally mean that the world will end because of fire and ice.\nInstead, fire represents destructive forces associated with desire, such as\npower, jealousy, and anger. Similarly, ice represents destructive forces\nassociated with hate, such as prejudice, hostility, and isolation. These\nmetaphors are an effective literary device in that it causes the reader to\nconsider that desire and hatred are as destructive as fire and ice.\n\n### Example 2: Dreams (Langston Hughes)\n\n> Hold fast to dreams\n>\n> For if dreams die\n>\n> Life is a broken-winged bird\n>\n> That cannot fly.\n>\n> Hold fast to dreams\n>\n> For when dreams go\n>\n> Life is a barren field\n>\n> Frozen with snow.\n\nIn this poem, Hughes utilizes metaphor to compare life to a broken-winged bird\nand a barren field as consequences to the loss of dreams. In the first stanza,\nHughes claims that if dreams die then life is a “broken-winged bird that\ncannot fly.” This is a significant use of metaphor in that it characterizes\nlife without dreams as something fragile that has been irreparably harmed. The\nmetaphor creates an image for the reader of a bird that is wounded, grounded,\nand unable to reach its purpose or potential. If life is this bird, then,\nwithout dreams, it is also wounded, grounded, and thwarted in purpose.\n\nHughes utilizes a second metaphor in the second stanza for life without\ndreams. In this case, when dreams go, life is a “barren field frozen with\nsnow.” This metaphor creates a comparison between life and an empty, frozen\nwasteland. Therefore, due to Hughes’s use of metaphor as a literary device in\nthis poem, life becomes death and a burial ground without dreams.\n\n### Example 3: since feeling is first (E.E. Cummings)\n\n> we are for eachother: then laugh, leaning back in my arms for life’s not a\n> paragraph\n>\n> And death i think is no parenthesis\n\nIn this poem, Cummings uses metaphor in a clever way to compare life and death\nto the constraints of a writing formality and punctuation. In fact, it is a\nnegative comparison in the sense that the poet states life is “not” a\nparagraph and death is “no” parenthesis. The use of metaphor as a literary\ndevice in this work is both poetic and self-reflexive in significance. The\nmetaphors for life and death are poetic because the poet is showcasing that\nlife and death are concepts too monumental to be “contained” in writing or\n“enclosed” by punctuation (paragraph and parenthesis). Yet, the metaphors are\nalso self-reflexive in that the comparisons of life and death are\nsimultaneously “contained” in and “enclosed” by the poem itself.\n\n#### Related posts:\n\n * 200 Short and Sweet Metaphor Examples\n * 5 Metaphors in Harry Potter\n * 10 Great Metaphors from Popular Music\n * Top 6 Great Metaphors in Presidential Speeches\n * Famous Metaphors in The Bible\n * Famous Metaphors from Athletes, Artists, and Authors\n * Brevity is the Soul of Wit\n * The Fault, Dear Brutus\n * A Rose by any Other Name\n * Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night\n * Miles to Go Before I Sleep\n * All the World’s a Stage\n * To Be Great is to Be Misunderstood\n * To Sleep, Perchance to Dream\n * Hamlet Act-I, Scene-I Study Guide\n * Heavy is The Head That Wears The Crown\n * Star-crossed Lovers\n * The Quality of Mercy is Not Strain’d\n * There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men\n * A Thing of Beauty is a Joy For Ever\n * The Winter of Our Discontent\n * Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow\n * Silence is Golden\n * Every Cloud has a Silver Lining\n * Raining Cats and Dogs\n * You Are What You Eat\n * Romeo and Juliet Metaphor\n * Metaphors in Movies\n * 10 Great Metaphors from Popular 2000’s Songs\n\n### Post navigation\n\n← Fra Lippo Lippi\n\nRepetition →\n\n#### You may also like\n\n 1. 200 Short and Sweet Metaphor Examples\n 2. 5 Metaphors in Harry Potter\n 3. 10 Great Metaphors from Popular Music\n 4. Top 6 Great Metaphors in Presidential Speeches\n 5. Famous Metaphors in The Bible\n 6. Famous Metaphors from Athletes, Artists, and Authors\n 7. Brevity is the Soul of Wit\n 8. The Fault, Dear Brutus\n 9. A Rose by any Other Name\n 10. Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night\n 11. Miles to Go Before I Sleep\n 12. All the World’s a Stage\n 13. To Be Great is to Be Misunderstood\n 14. To Sleep, Perchance to Dream\n 15. Hamlet Act-I, Scene-I Study Guide\n 16. Heavy is The Head That Wears The Crown\n 17. Star-crossed Lovers\n 18. The Quality of Mercy is Not Strain’d\n 19. There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men\n 20. A Thing of Beauty is a Joy For Ever\n 21. The Winter of Our Discontent\n 22. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow\n 23. Silence is Golden\n 24. Every Cloud has a Silver Lining\n 25. Raining Cats and Dogs\n 26. You Are What You Eat\n 27. Romeo and Juliet Metaphor\n 28. Metaphors in Movies\n 29. 10 Great Metaphors from Popular 2000’s Songs\n\n#### Popular Literary Devices\n\nView Full List of Literary Devices\n\n * Ad Hominem\n * Adage\n * Allegory\n * Alliteration\n * Allusion\n * Ambiguity\n * Anachronism\n * Anagram\n * Analogy\n * Anapest\n * Anaphora\n * Anecdote\n * Antagonist\n * Antecedent\n * Antimetabole\n * Antithesis\n * Aphorism\n * Aposiopesis\n * Apostrophe\n * Archaism\n * Archetype\n * Argument\n * Assonance\n * Biography\n * Cacophony\n * Cadence\n * Caricature\n * Catharsis\n * Characterization\n * Cliché\n * Climax\n * Colloquialism\n * Comparison\n * Conflict\n * Connotation\n * Consonance\n * Denotation\n * Deus Ex Machina\n * Dialect\n * Dialogue\n * Diction\n * Didacticism\n * Discourse\n * Doppelganger\n * Double Entendre\n * Ellipsis\n * Epiphany\n * Epitaph\n * Essay\n * Ethos\n * Eulogy\n * Euphemism\n * Evidence\n * Exposition\n * Fable\n * Fallacy\n * Flash Forward\n * Foil\n * Foreshadowing\n * Foreword\n * Genre\n * Haiku\n * Half Rhyme\n * Homage\n * Hubris\n * Hyperbaton\n * Hyperbole\n * Idiom\n * Imagery\n * Induction\n * Inference\n * Innuendo\n * Internal Rhyme\n * Irony\n * Jargon\n * Juxtaposition\n * Limerick\n * Line Break\n * Logos\n * Meiosis\n * Memoir\n * Metaphor\n * Meter\n * Montage\n * Mood\n * Motif\n * Motto\n * Narrative\n * Nemesis\n * Non Sequitur\n * Ode\n * Onomatopoeia\n * Oxymoron\n * Palindrome\n * Parable\n * Paradox\n * Parallelism\n * Parataxis\n * Parody\n * Pathetic Fallacy\n * Pathos\n * Pentameter\n * Persona\n * Personification\n * Plot\n * Plot Twist\n * Poem\n * Poetic Justice\n * Point of View\n * Portmanteau\n * Propaganda\n * Prose\n * Protagonist\n * Pun\n * Red Herring\n * Repetition\n * Rhetoric\n * Rhyme\n * Rhythm\n * Sarcasm\n * Satire\n * Simile\n * Soliloquy\n * Sonnet\n * Style\n * Subtext\n * Superlative\n * Syllogism\n * Symbolism\n * Synecdoche\n * Synesthesia\n * Synonym\n * Syntax\n * Tautology\n * Theme\n * Thesis\n * Tone\n * Tragedy\n * Tragicomedy\n * Tragic Flaw\n * Transition\n * Utopia\n * Verisimilitude\n\nCopyright © 2021 Literary Devices. All Rights Reserved. - Contact Us - Privacy\nPolicy - Terms and Conditions\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20191102032234/https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life","parsed_text":{"title":"Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life","passages":["Today’s guest post is by Stacey Dubois, a graduate student at Tufts University, as well as an aspiring children’s/YA novelist. For more on the psychology of the creative process, visit her blog.","In the courtroom, witnesses pledge to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.” An admirable goal, but a laughable one to memory researchers. Unless you’re Jill Price, a woman suffering from the first known case of hyperthymestic syndrome (“total recall”), such a feat is impossible. Why?","Memory is not an impartial recording device. Retrieving a memory is not like using the playback mode on a video camera, nor is it like opening a document stored on a hard drive or pulling a file from an organized cabinet. Rather, recall is a reconstructive process, one that’s subject to error, bias, and suggestion. This obviously can cause problems when the accuracy of a memory is of the utmost importance, as it is when an eyewitness sits upon the stand to testify. But the fallible nature of the human memory system can be troublesome outside of the courtroom, as well.","Enter memoirists. There you sit, perched on the brink of full disclosure, the story of your fascinating life taking shape on the blank page before you. Writing memoirs is challenging enough without your memory getting in the way.","Because memoirs are categorized as nonfiction, you intend to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth,” right? But how can you be sure your words are true (and avoid controversy)? How can you tell the whole truth of your richly detailed life, when you can’t even remember what you had for breakfast yesterday? And if you aim to tell “nothing but the truth,” does that mean you can’t invent a little when certain facts escape you but are vital to the depth and/or coherence of the story?","I’m both a writer and a cognitive psychologist who studies memory and metamemory (knowledge of our own memories), and I’ve devised a list of 10 tips to help you make the most of your memory as you write your life story:","1. Utilize memory triggers. This one may seem obvious, but there’s nothing like a good, concrete trigger to get a memory flowing. Flip through photo albums and yearbooks, watch home movies, sort through old letters and e-mails you’ve saved, etc. You can even search for triggers online, including music, pictures, and videos from the era in question (one YouTube clip of Eureeka’s Castle, and half my childhood comes flooding back).","2. Get in the right mindset. Have you ever been told to think about something happy when you’re feeling blue? The problem with this advice is that the first thoughts and memories that come to mind often match your mood. In the scientific literature, “state-dependent” memory effects suggest that memory performance is typically best when the internal state at encoding (during the original event) is congruent with the internal state at retrieval (when you try to remember it later). So, if you’re having a down day, don’t try writing the chapter about your wedding on a Hawaiian beach at sunset. Save that section for a day when you wake up on the right side of the bed.","What if you’re writing about a night spent at the bar? Here’s a fun tip—have a drink first. Seriously—undergraduates almost fall out of their chairs when I recommend that, should they ever happen to study for an exam while intoxicated, they should take the exam intoxicated, as well. (There’s a caveat, of course: the best memory performance comes from a sober-sober match up!)","3. Reinstate the context. This is essentially the same principle as described above, but applied to the external context of the memory. Another education- related example: If you attend lectures in a particular classroom for an entire semester, your test performance should be better if your final exam is held in the same classroom, rather than a lecture hall across campus. What does this mean for memoirists? Revisiting the scenes of certain memories may be advantageous to your work—the experience will likely uncover details that would have otherwise remained buried.","4. Take advantage of your memory’s natural organization. Autobiographical memory is special. It comprises both episodic memory (memory for events) and semantic memory (general knowledge), but it is unique in that all of the memories are relevant to YOU. Unlike other systems of memory, autobiographical memory contributes to the formation of your sense of self. It is not simply a log of your daily activities—the memories form the story of your life. This organization is beneficial to writers, because narrative arc is an essential component of a memoir.","Here’s an activity to help you capitalize on this organization: on separate sheets of blank paper, make a timeline for each “sphere” of your life (school, work, family, friends, etc). Then, on each timeline, segment and label the important “periods;” separate these from each other with defining events—“turning points” such as moves, milestones, deaths, etc. (these can differ from timeline to timeline). Finally, take notes on what you remember from each period, staying completely within one sphere at a time. It’s also a good idea to make your first pass over the activity chronologically, even if you are not planning to organize your memoir that way.","5. Pay attention to what’s distinct. Some of our memories are hazy, fragmentary, confusing, or seemingly trivial. Yet there’s something about each one that makes it stick in our minds. Pay attention to the most distinctive, attention-grabbing elements of your memories and decide what those details say about you (or that time in your life), even if the memory itself is difficult to understand/work with. You might find that the idiosyncrasies of what you remember are useful illustrations of your personal quirks.","6. Leave out memories from the childhood amnesia period. Or, more accurately—don’t describe events from that period as if you remember them firsthand. The consensus among researchers is that our first explicit memories are not consolidated until the second or third year of life; so, even if you think you remember lying in your crib as a 6-month-old child, watching your mobile spin round, you shouldn’t include this in your memoir, because it will detract from your credibility.","7. Be a critical thinker. We’re overconfident in our memories. Period. Question yourself as you write: is what you’re saying plausible? Does it align with things you know for sure—facts about where you lived, who you knew, and what your day-to-day routine was like at the time? When in doubt, discuss the memory with friends and family members who were there. If no one can agree on what “really” happened, well ... you’re the author, so you can decide what version to tell. My advice: note that there are competing (yet equally plausible) accounts, but then describe the event as you personally remember it (because it is, after all, your story).","8. Use your senses. Remembering isn’t like looking at a static photograph, or even watching a video clip. Often, remembering is reliving—it’s a moving, breathing, sensory experience. The richness of such details is not only useful for distinguishing true memories from “false” memories or dreams, but also for connecting with your audience. Invite your readers into your experiences by including sensory details in your memoir. This is good practice with any type of creative writing, but memoirs are special because the perspective is uniquely yours—one grounded in flesh and blood, rather than the imagined world of a character.","9. It’s never too late to start keeping a journal. The writing and revision process can last months or years—and who says that nothing interesting will happen to you during that period? Make things easier on your future self by writing down all the details of important events now, in case you want to include them in your memoir later.","10. Strive for truth, but accept honesty. That’s cryptic, huh? Here’s what I mean: No one cares if Chuckles was really the name of the clown whose presence traumatized you at your fifth birthday party. Chuckles, Giggles, Lollipop, Snorkel—whatever name you use, it doesn’t change the integrity of your story, and that’s the important thing. This can hold for elements less trivial than names—such as date, location, dialogue, etc. Just make sure to tell your audience when you’ve knowingly entered the realm of speculation if the details and facts in question are central to the narrative arc.","We’ve all experienced the pitfalls of our memories, so your readers will understand that no memoirist can tell their story exactly as it happened. There is an element of fiction to every memoir, but, even if an objective “truth” is impossible, the important thing is that you give your memory a good workout during the writing process and make authenticity your ultimate goal.","My thanks to Stacey for such a thoughtful post on memory and memoir. Be sure to visit her blog for more on the psychology of the creative process.","Also, this week on Thursday, I’ll be a guest on a monthly roundtable call hosted by the National Association of Memoir Writers. Go here for more info.","What an excellent post full of good tips, with solid backup information and explanations. It’s fun and interesting to hear from someone who is passionate about two topics I love, writing and psychology.","I’ve been journaling for several years now, and have discovered looking back that it’s easy to leave out details because at the moment it’s so profound you can’t imagine forgetting the nuances of a situation, place or person I’ve met.","And when it comes to touching on hard topics, I prefer openness and authenticity, and know that glossing over issues is not a solution.I also respect others and want to extend some grace. So sometimes I refer to issues as a situation with so-and-so, with some other hints. That said, I do highly recommend journaling for writing practice and mental processing, and the contents of a journal truly do serve as good memory triggers later.","I just experienced this preparing to speak about and preview a book called \"Emotionally Healthy Spirituality\" that I had read. My journal entries about the book were quite useful in my presentation prep work.","I had an experience with contextual memory. A few decades ago, before my childhood was processed through therapy and writing, I visited my home town. As I drove toward it, the landscape of red dirt and wheat triggered waves of deep recognition in my body. Then, as I approached the town, the wheat mills, the familiar layout of the streets, and the Great Plains wind kicked up movies in my head. On and on this went, bits of memory, details of grade school, friends’ faces loomed before me. Music, bits of dialogue that people had said 15 years earlier floated by. It was strange, as if my cells had been stamped with these memories. I learned later as a writer to visit the places of memory, and while I was there, to write and write as fast as I could. We need to be unleashed in the first draft. Thank you for the post! I’ll be following her blog in the future. And,I’m looking forward to our NAMW roundtable on Sept. 2! –Linda Joy","When I was about 50 — I’m 72 now — I realized that the family history ended with me unless I wrote some of it down. I am an only child and my grandparents and parents died early. My raison d’etre was to pass on information to the four grandchildren who, at the time, were infants. It was a chathartic experience and I recommend it to anyone unless they had a traumatic childhood better left unremembered.","Thank you for this post. I am so thankful to have photographs and old journals to refer to as I work on my manuscript.","The Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance your writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to improve your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a sustainable career. Join us in NYC from August 22-25!","Attendees will learn how to write a dynamite query letter, tackle a one-page synopsis (for fiction) and a book proposal (for nonfiction). The instructing literary agents will also explain the importance of author platform in addition to basic etiquette in dealing with an agent and manuscript basics."]},"parsed_md":"Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life | Writer's\nDigest\n\n### WritersDigest Sites\n\n * Writer’s Digest\n * WD University\n * 2nd Draft Critiques\n * WD Annual Conference\n * Writer’s Digest Shop\n * Script Magazine\n\nWriter's Digest\n\nRegisterLog In\n\n### Navigate\n\n * Home\n * Prompts\n\n * Poetry Prompts\n * Your Story Prompts\n * Articles\n\n * The Writer’s Dig\n * Publishing Insights\n * Poetic Asides\n * By Writing Genre\n\n * Literary Fiction\n * Young Adult/Childrens\n * Mystery/Thriller\n * Romance\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Horror\n * Spiritual\n * Humor\n * Short Story/Essay\n * Articles/Freelance\n * Memoir\n * Nonfiction\n * Poetry\n * Screenwriting\n * By Writing Goal\n\n * Get Published/Sell Your Work\n * Self-Publish\n * Build a Platform & Start Blogging\n * Promoting Your Work\n * Business Legal Matters\n * Overcoming Writer’s Block\n * Improve Writing Skills\n * Write an Article\n * Complete 1st Chapter\n * Complete 1st Draft\n * Write a Screenplay | ScriptMag\n * Sell a Script and Build a Screenwriting Career | ScriptMag\n * By Writing Level\n\n * Haven’t Written Anything Yet\n * At Work on First Draft\n * Completed Multiple Manuscripts\n * Published Author\n * Education\n\n * WD University\n * Screenwriters University\n * Writing Tutorials\n * Writing Webinars\n * Competitions\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual\n * Self-Published Books\n * Self-Published Ebooks\n * Poetry\n * Short Short Story\n * Popular Fiction\n * Thriller/Suspense\n * Mystery/Crime\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Horror\n * Romance\n * Young Adult Fiction\n * Your Story\n * Events\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual Conference\n * Writer’s Digest Novel Writing Conference\n * Code of Conduct\n * Community\n\n * WD Forum\n * WD Author Exchange\n * Best Websites for Writers\n * The Writer’s Digest Podcast\n * Writer’s Digest Staff\n * Resources\n\n * Writing Prompts\n * Poetry Prompts\n * 2nd Draft Critique Service\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Critique Service\n * Free Writing Resources\n * Free Screenwriting Resources\n * Subscribe\n\n * Subscribe to WD Magazine\n * Renew Your Subscription\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * Digital Editions\n * WD Weekly Newsletter\n * WD Shop\n\n * Write Better Fiction\n * Write Better Nonfiction\n * Freelance Writing\n * Get Published\n * Bundles & Kits\n * Magazine Back Issues\n\n## Character Worksheets\n\nSubscribe to our FREE email newsletter and download free character development\nworksheets!\n\n# Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life\n\nBy: Ben Sobieck | August 30, 2010\n\nToday’s guest post is by Stacey Dubois, a graduate student at Tufts\nUniversity, as well as an aspiring children’s/YA novelist. For more on the\npsychology of the creative process, visit her blog.\n\n—\n\nIn the courtroom, witnesses pledge to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and\nnothing but the truth.” An admirable goal, but a laughable one to memory\nresearchers. Unless you’re Jill Price, a woman suffering from the first known\ncase of hyperthymestic syndrome (“total recall”), such a feat is impossible.\nWhy?\n\nMemory is not an impartial recording device. Retrieving a memory is not like\nusing the playback mode on a video camera, nor is it like opening a document\nstored on a hard drive or pulling a file from an organized cabinet. Rather,\nrecall is a reconstructive process, one that’s subject to error, bias, and\nsuggestion. This obviously can cause problems when the accuracy of a memory is\nof the utmost importance, as it is when an eyewitness sits upon the stand to\ntestify. But the fallible nature of the human memory system can be troublesome\noutside of the courtroom, as well.\n\nEnter memoirists. There you sit, perched on the brink of full disclosure, the\nstory of your fascinating life taking shape on the blank page before you.\nWriting memoirs is challenging enough without your memory getting in the way.\n\nBecause memoirs are categorized as nonfiction, you intend to “tell the truth,\nthe whole truth, and nothing but the truth,” right? But how can you be sure\nyour words are true (and avoid controversy)? How can you tell the whole truth\nof your richly detailed life, when you can’t even remember what you had for\nbreakfast yesterday? And if you aim to tell “nothing but the truth,” does that\nmean you can’t invent a little when certain facts escape you but are vital to\nthe depth and/or coherence of the story?\n\nI’m both a writer and a cognitive psychologist who studies memory and\nmetamemory (knowledge of our own memories), and I’ve devised a list of 10 tips\nto help you make the most of your memory as you write your life story:\n\n1\\. Utilize memory triggers. This one may seem obvious, but there’s nothing\nlike a good, concrete trigger to get a memory flowing. Flip through photo\nalbums and yearbooks, watch home movies, sort through old letters and e-mails\nyou’ve saved, etc. You can even search for triggers online, including music,\npictures, and videos from the era in question (one YouTube clip of Eureeka’s\nCastle, and half my childhood comes flooding back).\n\n2\\. Get in the right mindset. Have you ever been told to think about something\nhappy when you’re feeling blue? The problem with this advice is that the first\nthoughts and memories that come to mind often match your mood. In the\nscientific literature, “state-dependent” memory effects suggest that memory\nperformance is typically best when the internal state at encoding (during the\noriginal event) is congruent with the internal state at retrieval (when you\ntry to remember it later). So, if you’re having a down day, don’t try writing\nthe chapter about your wedding on a Hawaiian beach at sunset. Save that\nsection for a day when you wake up on the right side of the bed.\n\nWhat if you’re writing about a night spent at the bar? Here’s a fun tip—have a\ndrink first. Seriously—undergraduates almost fall out of their chairs when I\nrecommend that, should they ever happen to study for an exam while\nintoxicated, they should take the exam intoxicated, as well. (There’s a\ncaveat, of course: the best memory performance comes from a sober-sober match\nup!)\n\n3\\. Reinstate the context. This is essentially the same principle as described\nabove, but applied to the external context of the memory. Another education-\nrelated example: If you attend lectures in a particular classroom for an\nentire semester, your test performance should be better if your final exam is\nheld in the same classroom, rather than a lecture hall across campus. What\ndoes this mean for memoirists? Revisiting the scenes of certain memories may\nbe advantageous to your work—the experience will likely uncover details that\nwould have otherwise remained buried.\n\n4\\. Take advantage of your memory’s natural organization. Autobiographical\nmemory is special. It comprises both episodic memory (memory for events) and\nsemantic memory (general knowledge), but it is unique in that all of the\nmemories are relevant to YOU. Unlike other systems of memory, autobiographical\nmemory contributes to the formation of your sense of self. It is not simply a\nlog of your daily activities—the memories form the story of your life. This\norganization is beneficial to writers, because narrative arc is an essential\ncomponent of a memoir.\n\nHere’s an activity to help you capitalize on this organization: on separate\nsheets of blank paper, make a timeline for each “sphere” of your life (school,\nwork, family, friends, etc). Then, on each timeline, segment and label the\nimportant “periods;” separate these from each other with defining\nevents—“turning points” such as moves, milestones, deaths, etc. (these can\ndiffer from timeline to timeline). Finally, take notes on what you remember\nfrom each period, staying completely within one sphere at a time. It’s also a\ngood idea to make your first pass over the activity chronologically, even if\nyou are not planning to organize your memoir that way.\n\n5\\. Pay attention to what’s distinct. Some of our memories are hazy,\nfragmentary, confusing, or seemingly trivial. Yet there’s something about each\none that makes it stick in our minds. Pay attention to the most distinctive,\nattention-grabbing elements of your memories and decide what those details say\nabout you (or that time in your life), even if the memory itself is difficult\nto understand/work with. You might find that the idiosyncrasies of what you\nremember are useful illustrations of your personal quirks.\n\n6\\. Leave out memories from the childhood amnesia period. Or, more\naccurately—don’t describe events from that period as if you remember them\nfirsthand. The consensus among researchers is that our first explicit memories\nare not consolidated until the second or third year of life; so, even if you\nthink you remember lying in your crib as a 6-month-old child, watching your\nmobile spin round, you shouldn’t include this in your memoir, because it will\ndetract from your credibility.\n\n7\\. Be a critical thinker. We’re overconfident in our memories. Period.\nQuestion yourself as you write: is what you’re saying plausible? Does it align\nwith things you know for sure—facts about where you lived, who you knew, and\nwhat your day-to-day routine was like at the time? When in doubt, discuss the\nmemory with friends and family members who were there. If no one can agree on\nwhat “really” happened, well ... you’re the author, so you can decide what\nversion to tell. My advice: note that there are competing (yet equally\nplausible) accounts, but then describe the event as you personally remember it\n(because it is, after all, your story).\n\n8\\. Use your senses. Remembering isn’t like looking at a static photograph, or\neven watching a video clip. Often, remembering is reliving—it’s a moving,\nbreathing, sensory experience. The richness of such details is not only useful\nfor distinguishing true memories from “false” memories or dreams, but also for\nconnecting with your audience. Invite your readers into your experiences by\nincluding sensory details in your memoir. This is good practice with any type\nof creative writing, but memoirs are special because the perspective is\nuniquely yours—one grounded in flesh and blood, rather than the imagined world\nof a character.\n\n9\\. It’s never too late to start keeping a journal. The writing and revision\nprocess can last months or years—and who says that nothing interesting will\nhappen to you during that period? Make things easier on your future self by\nwriting down all the details of important events now, in case you want to\ninclude them in your memoir later.\n\n10\\. Strive for truth, but accept honesty. That’s cryptic, huh? Here’s what I\nmean: No one cares if Chuckles was really the name of the clown whose presence\ntraumatized you at your fifth birthday party. Chuckles, Giggles, Lollipop,\nSnorkel—whatever name you use, it doesn’t change the integrity of your story,\nand that’s the important thing. This can hold for elements less trivial than\nnames—such as date, location, dialogue, etc. Just make sure to tell your\naudience when you’ve knowingly entered the realm of speculation if the details\nand facts in question are central to the narrative arc.\n\nWe’ve all experienced the pitfalls of our memories, so your readers will\nunderstand that no memoirist can tell their story exactly as it happened.\nThere is an element of fiction to every memoir, but, even if an objective\n“truth” is impossible, the important thing is that you give your memory a good\nworkout during the writing process and make authenticity your ultimate goal.\n\nAn honest memoir is an unforgettable memoir.\n\n—\n\nMy thanks to Stacey for such a thoughtful post on memory and memoir. Be sure\nto visit her blog for more on the psychology of the creative process.\n\nAlso, this week on Thursday, I’ll be a guest on a monthly roundtable call\nhosted by the National Association of Memoir Writers. Go here for more info.\n\nPhoto credit: komehachi888\n\nCATEGORIES Craft & Technique, Guest Post\n\n## About Ben Sobieck\n\nBenjamin Sobieck is a Wattpad Star and Watty Award winner. His Writer's Digest\nbooks are The Writer's Guide to Wattpad and The Writer's Guide to Weapons.\n\nHe is also the creator of The Writer's Glove and Writer's Block Coffee.\n\nSee his full bio here.\n\nView all posts by Ben Sobieck →\n\n * #### Free Writing Resources\n\n * ### Writing Fiction: 5 Tips to Get More Creative\n\n * ### 10 Situation Starters to Beat Writer’s Block\n\n * ### Free Guide to Revision Techniques for Writers\n\n * ### Plot Development: Charts and Tips for Outlining and Plotting a Novel\n\n * ### NaNoWriMo Week 1 Cheat Sheet – Character Development\n\n * ### 14 Amateur Mistakes Every Writer Should Avoid\n\n * ### Grammar Rules – Debunking 10 Grammar (and Novel Writing) Myths\n\n * ### Why a Writer Without a Deadline Is Looking For Trouble\n\n * ### Writing the Travel Essay\n\n## 5 thoughts on “Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your\nLife”\n\n 1. Helene Bergren September 2, 2010 at 3:43 pm\n\nWhat an excellent post full of good tips, with solid backup information and\nexplanations. It’s fun and interesting to hear from someone who is passionate\nabout two topics I love, writing and psychology.\n\nI’ve been journaling for several years now, and have discovered looking back\nthat it’s easy to leave out details because at the moment it’s so profound you\ncan’t imagine forgetting the nuances of a situation, place or person I’ve met.\n\nAnd when it comes to touching on hard topics, I prefer openness and\nauthenticity, and know that glossing over issues is not a solution.I also\nrespect others and want to extend some grace. So sometimes I refer to issues\nas a situation with so-and-so, with some other hints. That said, I do highly\nrecommend journaling for writing practice and mental processing, and the\ncontents of a journal truly do serve as good memory triggers later.\n\nI just experienced this preparing to speak about and preview a book called\n\"Emotionally Healthy Spirituality\" that I had read. My journal entries about\nthe book were quite useful in my presentation prep work.\n\nThanks for the post!\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 2. Linda Joy Myers September 1, 2010 at 5:11 am\n\nI had an experience with contextual memory. A few decades ago, before my\nchildhood was processed through therapy and writing, I visited my home town.\nAs I drove toward it, the landscape of red dirt and wheat triggered waves of\ndeep recognition in my body. Then, as I approached the town, the wheat mills,\nthe familiar layout of the streets, and the Great Plains wind kicked up movies\nin my head. On and on this went, bits of memory, details of grade school,\nfriends’ faces loomed before me. Music, bits of dialogue that people had said\n15 years earlier floated by. It was strange, as if my cells had been stamped\nwith these memories. I learned later as a writer to visit the places of\nmemory, and while I was there, to write and write as fast as I could. We need\nto be unleashed in the first draft. Thank you for the post! I’ll be following\nher blog in the future. And,I’m looking forward to our NAMW roundtable on\nSept. 2! –Linda Joy\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 3. Alex Wilson August 31, 2010 at 7:44 pm\n\nWhen I was about 50 — I’m 72 now — I realized that the family history ended\nwith me unless I wrote some of it down. I am an only child and my grandparents\nand parents died early. My raison d’etre was to pass on information to the\nfour grandchildren who, at the time, were infants. It was a chathartic\nexperience and I recommend it to anyone unless they had a traumatic childhood\nbetter left unremembered.\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 4. Christine Macdonald August 31, 2010 at 6:39 pm\n\nThank you for this post. I am so thankful to have photographs and old journals\nto refer to as I work on my manuscript.\n\n\"An honest memoir is an unforgettable memoir.\" Here here!\n\nChristine\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 5. Sandy August 31, 2010 at 2:22 pm\n\nI write fiction, but I found this post very interesting. Thanks a bunch.\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n### WD Annual Conference\n\nREGISTER\n\n## Join us in NYC for #WDC19!\n\nThe Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance\nyour writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to\nimprove your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a\nsustainable career. Join us in NYC from August 22-25!\n\nRegister Today!\n\n### Online Boot Camp\n\nREGISTER\n\n## How to Craft Query Letters & Other Submission Materials That Get Noticed\nBoot Camp\n\nAttendees will learn how to write a dynamite query letter, tackle a one-page\nsynopsis (for fiction) and a book proposal (for nonfiction). The instructing\nliterary agents will also explain the importance of author platform in\naddition to basic etiquette in dealing with an agent and manuscript basics.\n\nCheck out more courses from WD University\n\n### November/December 2019 Issue\n\n## Writer's Digest Magazine\n\n * Preview the Issue\n * Buy It Here\n * Give a Gift Subscription!\n\nSave 58%!\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\n### Online Writing Workshops\n\n * 12 Weeks to a First Draft\n * Character Development: Creating Memorable Characters\n * Writing the Picture Book\n * Copyediting Certification\n * Short Story Fundamentals\n * Form and Composition\n * Write Great Dialogue\n\nView All Online Writing Workshops\n\n### WD Forum\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nWRITER'S DIGEST: About Us | Meet Us | Write For Us | Advertise With Us\n\nMAGAZINES: Subscribe | Renew | Current Issue | Give a Gift Subscription |\nWriter's Digest Back Issues COMPETITIONS & CONFERENCES: Competitions |\nWriter's Digest Annual Conference | Novel Writing Conference ONLINE RESOURCES:\nWritersMarket.com | WD University | Tutorials | Webinars | 2nd Draft Critiques\n| ScriptMag.com BOOKS & MORE: Writer’s Digest Shop | The Writers Store\n\nCORPORATE: Active Interest Media | Become an Affiliate | Customer Service |\nPrivacy Policy\n\n© Active Interest Media. All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804155815/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html?_r=0","parsed_text":{"title":"‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?","passages":["Each week in Bookends, two writers take on questions about the world of books. This week, Zoë Heller and Mohsin Hamid discuss whether writers should stick to what they know.","I was in grade school when I first encountered the adage about writing what you know. It concluded my teacher’s tactful comments on a story I had written about an 18th-century highwayman. Stung by her tepid response, I rejected the advice out of hand. How ludicrous, I thought. How limiting! What about science fiction? What about fantasy? What about any writing that travels beyond the borders of the author’s sex or race or age?","Several decades on, the agony of my teacher’s criticism has somewhat abated, and I can see a little more of what she was driving at.","The first mistake I made as a schoolgirl was to assume I was being asked to write exclusively about things that had happened to me. In fact, the injunction is only to know; the business of how you come by your knowledge is left quite open. You can mine your own life, yes. But you can also sympathetically observe other people’s experiences. You can read and research. And you can use your imagination. What good writers know about their subjects is usually drawn from some combination of these sources. The problem with my highwayman story, it seems safe to say, was that I had drawn on none of them. It didn’t necessarily matter that I had never robbed a stagecoach. But it did matter that I had not troubled myself to find out, or even partially imagine, anything about what robbing a stagecoach might entail.","The other, subtler error I made — and continued to make for a long time afterward — was to suppose that translating experiential knowledge into fiction was a simple, straightforward, even banal business. For most writers, it actually takes a lot of hard work and many false starts before they are in a position to extract what is most valuable and interesting from their autobiographies.","In “The Enigma of Arrival,” V. S. Naipaul describes the momentous journey he made shortly before his 18th birthday, from Trinidad to England. The long voyage — Port of Spain to Puerto Rico to New York by air; New York to Southampton by ship — seemed to present rich material for his writing, and he eagerly wrote down his observations in a special writer’s diary. But years later when he came to examine this document, he saw that he had excised all the most interesting elements of what he had seen and felt, deeming them insufficiently literary — out of keeping with the “elegant, knowing, unsurprised” writer’s personality he wished to assume. The family farewell at the airport in Port of Spain; the cousin who took him aside to tell him confidentially that he should sit at the back of the plane because it was safer there; the squabble on board the ship, when a black man was assigned to his cabin and complained that they were being lumped together because they were both “colored” — all of these scenes were absent, as was any acknowledgment of his loneliness, his panic, the “rawness” of his nerves. What he had recorded instead were those incidents and bits of dialogue that seemed to confirm an idea of the grown-up world he had gathered from books and films. “So that, though traveling to write, concentrating on my experience, eager for experience, I was shutting myself off from it, editing it out of my memory.”","Most writers have, for reasons of diffidence, or snobbery, or fear of exposure, done the same thing at some point in their writing lives — unconsciously censored themselves and thrown out the wheat, mistaking it for nonliterary chaff. In this sense, the reminder to write what you know — what you really know, as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized version of what you know — continues to be pertinent advice, not just for 11-year-old schoolgirls, but for writers of any age.","Zoë Heller is the author of three novels: “Everything You Know”; “Notes on a Scandal,” which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film; and “The Believers.” She has written feature articles and criticism for a wide range of publications, including The New Yorker, The New Republic and The New York Review of Books.","I’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is being beheaded.","Writers, especially younger writers, often hear the exhortation “Write what you know.” This is understandable. Some of the best fiction ever written seems to have followed that advice.","Take Kenzaburo Oe’s novel “A Personal Matter.” Published in 1964, it recounts the tale of a man whose son is born with what appears to be a brain hernia; our hero’s life crumbles; he considers killing his child. In 1963, Oe’s own son was born with brain damage. So Oe does indeed seem to have written what he knew — to devastating effect. I first read the novel almost 20 years ago, and I’ve been unable to forget it. Its honesty and humanity are staggering. It has affected my own experience of being a father, demythologizing fatherhood while making the ordinary more precious.","Olaf Stapledon’s “Star Maker,” on the other hand, seems surely to be a case of writing what you don’t know. There is no record of Stapledon leaving the earth, traveling through space as a disembodied consciousness, encountering and melding with other life-forms and civilizations and eventually with the stars and with the universe itself. Yet that is precisely what our protagonist does in this 1937 novel, among the greatest pieces of science fiction ever written. Stapledon reaches for, and seems to touch, something that is, for lack of a better word, divine. His is a spectacular imaginative and empathetic achievement.","It may be that the DNA of fiction is, like our own DNA, a double helix, a two- stranded beast. One strand is born of what writers have experienced. The other is born of what writers wish to experience, of the impulse towritein order to know.","Fiction comes into existence when these two strands are knitted together. “A Personal Matter” differs in key elements from Oe’s own life: in its ending, for example, when we learn something about the baby’s condition that shifts our sense of what we have previously read. And “Star Maker,” an epic about the possibility for finding union at the edge of universal conflict, cannot but have sprung from Stapledon’s own experience of being in Europe after the First World War and on the eve of the Second.","In my own writing, I am aware of combining both strands. When asked, I usually say I don’t do much research for my fiction, I just live my life. (Which led to someone at a lecture I gave in Karachi last year inquiring, “How did you write all those drug scenes in ‘Moth Smoke,’ then?” My response: “Umm. . . . “)","But I also write about things I haven’t experienced. I’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is being beheaded. I write these things because I want to transcend my experiences. I want to go beyond myself. Writing isn’t just my mirror, it’s my astral projection device. I suspect it’s like that for most of us.","In the end, what we know isn’t a static commodity. It changes from being written about. Storytelling alters the storyteller. And a story is altered by being told.","A human self is made up of stories. These stories are rooted partly in experience, and partly in fantasy. The power of fiction lies in its capacity to gaze upon this odd circumstance of our existence, to allow us to play with the conundrum that we are making ourselves up as we go along.","Our bodies are complex biological machines. As long as they live, they create a story about themselves in order to function. We call this story the self. We believe in the reality of the story. We believe the story controls the machine. Yet we are constantly reminded that things are not so simple. We do things not in keeping with our stories, sometimes horrible things. And when we do, we say, “I wasn’t myself.”","Writing is a chance for the stories that are us to come to terms with their innate fiction. So write what you know. But also know you are being written.","Mohsin Hamid is the author of three novels: “Moth Smoke,” a finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award; “The Reluctant Fundamentalist,” a New York Times best seller that was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film; and, most recently, “How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia.”"]},"parsed_md":"‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché? - The New York Times\n\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\n\nBook Review\n\nToday’s Paper\n\nBook Review|‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?\n\nhttps://nyti.ms/1oZU8T2\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nSupported by\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nBookends\n\n# ‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?\n\nBy Zoe Heller and Mohsin Hamid\n\n * March 25, 2014\n\nEach week in Bookends, two writers take on questions about the world of books.\nThis week, Zoë Heller and Mohsin Hamid discuss whether writers should stick to\nwhat they know.\n\nBy Zoë Heller\n\nYou should write what you really know — as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized\nversion of what you know.\n\nI was in grade school when I first encountered the adage about writing what\nyou know. It concluded my teacher’s tactful comments on a story I had written\nabout an 18th-century highwayman. Stung by her tepid response, I rejected the\nadvice out of hand. How ludicrous, I thought. How limiting! What about science\nfiction? What about fantasy? What about any writing that travels beyond the\nborders of the author’s sex or race or age?\n\nImage\n\nZoë HellerCredit...Illustration by R. Kikuo Johnson\n\nSeveral decades on, the agony of my teacher’s criticism has somewhat abated,\nand I can see a little more of what she was driving at.\n\nThe first mistake I made as a schoolgirl was to assume I was being asked to\nwrite exclusively about things that had happened to me. In fact, the\ninjunction is only to know; the business of how you come by your knowledge is\nleft quite open. You can mine your own life, yes. But you can also\nsympathetically observe other people’s experiences. You can read and research.\nAnd you can use your imagination. What good writers know about their subjects\nis usually drawn from some combination of these sources. The problem with my\nhighwayman story, it seems safe to say, was that I had drawn on none of them.\nIt didn’t necessarily matter that I had never robbed a stagecoach. But it did\nmatter that I had not troubled myself to find out, or even partially imagine,\nanything about what robbing a stagecoach might entail.\n\nThe other, subtler error I made — and continued to make for a long time\nafterward — was to suppose that translating experiential knowledge into\nfiction was a simple, straightforward, even banal business. For most writers,\nit actually takes a lot of hard work and many false starts before they are in\na position to extract what is most valuable and interesting from their\nautobiographies.\n\nIn “The Enigma of Arrival,” V. S. Naipaul describes the momentous journey he\nmade shortly before his 18th birthday, from Trinidad to England. The long\nvoyage — Port of Spain to Puerto Rico to New York by air; New York to\nSouthampton by ship — seemed to present rich material for his writing, and he\neagerly wrote down his observations in a special writer’s diary. But years\nlater when he came to examine this document, he saw that he had excised all\nthe most interesting elements of what he had seen and felt, deeming them\ninsufficiently literary — out of keeping with the “elegant, knowing,\nunsurprised” writer’s personality he wished to assume. The family farewell at\nthe airport in Port of Spain; the cousin who took him aside to tell him\nconfidentially that he should sit at the back of the plane because it was\nsafer there; the squabble on board the ship, when a black man was assigned to\nhis cabin and complained that they were being lumped together because they\nwere both “colored” — all of these scenes were absent, as was any\nacknowledgment of his loneliness, his panic, the “rawness” of his nerves. What\nhe had recorded instead were those incidents and bits of dialogue that seemed\nto confirm an idea of the grown-up world he had gathered from books and films.\n“So that, though traveling to write, concentrating on my experience, eager for\nexperience, I was shutting myself off from it, editing it out of my memory.”\n\nMost writers have, for reasons of diffidence, or snobbery, or fear of\nexposure, done the same thing at some point in their writing lives —\nunconsciously censored themselves and thrown out the wheat, mistaking it for\nnonliterary chaff. In this sense, the reminder to write what you know — what\nyou really know, as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized version of what you know —\ncontinues to be pertinent advice, not just for 11-year-old schoolgirls, but\nfor writers of any age.\n\nZoë Heller is the author of three novels: “Everything You Know”; “Notes on a\nScandal,” which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film;\nand “The Believers.” She has written feature articles and criticism for a wide\nrange of publications, including The New Yorker, The New Republic and The New\nYork Review of Books.\n\n◆ ◆ ◆\n\nBy Mohsin Hamid\n\nI’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance\nsystem, of a writer who is being beheaded.\n\nWriters, especially younger writers, often hear the exhortation “Write what\nyou know.” This is understandable. Some of the best fiction ever written seems\nto have followed that advice.\n\nImage\n\nMohsin HamidCredit...Illustration by R. Kikuo Johnson\n\nTake Kenzaburo Oe’s novel “A Personal Matter.” Published in 1964, it recounts\nthe tale of a man whose son is born with what appears to be a brain hernia;\nour hero’s life crumbles; he considers killing his child. In 1963, Oe’s own\nson was born with brain damage. So Oe does indeed seem to have written what he\nknew — to devastating effect. I first read the novel almost 20 years ago, and\nI’ve been unable to forget it. Its honesty and humanity are staggering. It has\naffected my own experience of being a father, demythologizing fatherhood while\nmaking the ordinary more precious.\n\nOlaf Stapledon’s “Star Maker,” on the other hand, seems surely to be a case of\nwriting what you don’t know. There is no record of Stapledon leaving the\nearth, traveling through space as a disembodied consciousness, encountering\nand melding with other life-forms and civilizations and eventually with the\nstars and with the universe itself. Yet that is precisely what our protagonist\ndoes in this 1937 novel, among the greatest pieces of science fiction ever\nwritten. Stapledon reaches for, and seems to touch, something that is, for\nlack of a better word, divine. His is a spectacular imaginative and empathetic\nachievement.\n\nIt may be that the DNA of fiction is, like our own DNA, a double helix, a two-\nstranded beast. One strand is born of what writers have experienced. The other\nis born of what writers wish to experience, of the impulse towritein order to\nknow.\n\nFiction comes into existence when these two strands are knitted together. “A\nPersonal Matter” differs in key elements from Oe’s own life: in its ending,\nfor example, when we learn something about the baby’s condition that shifts\nour sense of what we have previously read. And “Star Maker,” an epic about the\npossibility for finding union at the edge of universal conflict, cannot but\nhave sprung from Stapledon’s own experience of being in Europe after the First\nWorld War and on the eve of the Second.\n\nIn my own writing, I am aware of combining both strands. When asked, I usually\nsay I don’t do much research for my fiction, I just live my life. (Which led\nto someone at a lecture I gave in Karachi last year inquiring, “How did you\nwrite all those drug scenes in ‘Moth Smoke,’ then?” My response: “Umm. . . .\n“)\n\nBut I also write about things I haven’t experienced. I’ve written from the\npoint of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is\nbeing beheaded. I write these things because I want to transcend my\nexperiences. I want to go beyond myself. Writing isn’t just my mirror, it’s my\nastral projection device. I suspect it’s like that for most of us.\n\nIn the end, what we know isn’t a static commodity. It changes from being\nwritten about. Storytelling alters the storyteller. And a story is altered by\nbeing told.\n\nA human self is made up of stories. These stories are rooted partly in\nexperience, and partly in fantasy. The power of fiction lies in its capacity\nto gaze upon this odd circumstance of our existence, to allow us to play with\nthe conundrum that we are making ourselves up as we go along.\n\nOur bodies are complex biological machines. As long as they live, they create\na story about themselves in order to function. We call this story the self. We\nbelieve in the reality of the story. We believe the story controls the\nmachine. Yet we are constantly reminded that things are not so simple. We do\nthings not in keeping with our stories, sometimes horrible things. And when we\ndo, we say, “I wasn’t myself.”\n\nWriting is a chance for the stories that are us to come to terms with their\ninnate fiction. So write what you know. But also know you are being written.\n\nMohsin Hamid is the author of three novels: “Moth Smoke,” a finalist for the\nPEN/Hemingway Award; “The Reluctant Fundamentalist,” a New York Times best\nseller that was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film;\nand, most recently, “How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia.”\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211204151915/http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18","parsed_text":{"title":"Shakespeare's Sonnets","passages":["Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.","This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.","SHall I compare thee to a Summers day? Thou art more louely and more temperate: Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie, And Sommers lease hath all too shorte a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heauen shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd, And euery faire from faire some-time declines, By chance,or natures changing course vntrim'd: But thy eternall Sommer shall not fade, Nor loose possession of that faire thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wandr'st in his shade, When in eternall lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long liues this,and this giues life to thee,","This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song, And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as long As twenty days are now. Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.\n2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:","The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described.\n3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,","May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.\n4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date:","Legal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease is too short, and has an early termination (date).","Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.\n6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,","his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days generally.\n7. And every fair from fair sometime declines,","All beautiful things (every fair) occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair). They all decline from perfection.\n8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:","By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature, which are not subject to control, nature's changing course untrimmed. untrimmed - this can refer to the ballast (trimming) on a ship which keeps it stable; or to a lack of ornament and decoration. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect.\n9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,","Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse.\n10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,","Nor shall it (your eternal summer) lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess. By metonymy we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty'.\n11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,","Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts. Shakespeare would have been familiar with this through Virgil's account of Aeneas' descent into the underworld in Aeneid Bk. VI.\n12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,","in eternal lines = in the undying lines of my verse. Perhaps with a reference to progeny, and lines of descent, but it seems that the procreation theme has already been abandoned. to time thou grow'st - you keep pace with time, you grow as time grows.\n13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,","For as long as humans live and breathe upon the earth, for as long as there are seeing eyes on the eart.\n14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.","That is how long these verses will live, celebrating you, and continually renewing your life. But one is left with a slight residual feeling that perhaps the youth's beauty will last no longer than a summer's day, despite the poet's proud boast."]},"parsed_md":"Shakespeare's Sonnets\n\n# Sonnet XVIII\n\nShall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more\ntemperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease\nhath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And\noften is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime\ndeclines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal\nsummer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall\ndeath brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou\ngrow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and\nthis gives life to thee.\n\nThis is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it\nwould be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so\nmany of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of\nverse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not;\nand the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It\nis noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will\nlive as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later\nhe apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to\nencompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his\nlove, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is\npreserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious\nlevel of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found\nto be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes\ntoo dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that\n'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm,\nsunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has\nbeen wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.\n\n## The 1609 Quarto Version\n\nSHall I compare thee to a Summers day? Thou art more louely and more\ntemperate: Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie, And Sommers lease\nhath all too shorte a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heauen shines, And\noften is his gold complexion dimm'd, And euery faire from faire some-time\ndeclines, By chance,or natures changing course vntrim'd: But thy eternall\nSommer shall not fade, Nor loose possession of that faire thou ow'st, Nor\nshall death brag thou wandr'st in his shade, When in eternall lines to time\nthou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long liues\nthis,and this giues life to thee,\n\n## Commentary\n\n1\\. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?\n\n This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song, And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as long As twenty days are now. Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.\n2\\. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:\n\n The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described.\n3\\. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,\n\n May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.\n4\\. And summer's lease hath all too short a date:\n\n \n\nLegal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease\nis too short, and has an early termination (date).\n\n5\\. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,\n\n Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.\n6\\. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,\n\n his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days generally.\n7\\. And every fair from fair sometime declines,\n\n All beautiful things (every fair) occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair). They all decline from perfection.\n8\\. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:\n\n By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature, which are not subject to control, nature's changing course untrimmed. untrimmed - this can refer to the ballast (trimming) on a ship which keeps it stable; or to a lack of ornament and decoration. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect.\n9\\. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,\n\n Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse.\n10\\. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,\n\n Nor shall it (your eternal summer) lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess. By metonymy we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty'.\n11\\. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,\n\n Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts. Shakespeare would have been familiar with this through Virgil's account of Aeneas' descent into the underworld in Aeneid Bk. VI.\n12\\. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,\n\n in eternal lines = in the undying lines of my verse. Perhaps with a reference to progeny, and lines of descent, but it seems that the procreation theme has already been abandoned. to time thou grow'st - you keep pace with time, you grow as time grows.\n13\\. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,\n\n For as long as humans live and breathe upon the earth, for as long as there are seeing eyes on the eart.\n14\\. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.\n\n \n\nThat is how long these verses will live, celebrating you, and continually\nrenewing your life. But one is left with a slight residual feeling that\nperhaps the youth's beauty will last no longer than a summer's day, despite\nthe poet's proud boast.\n\nCopyright 2001-2014 © of this site belongs to Oxquarry Books Ltd\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416145422/http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms?category=forms-and-types","parsed_text":{"title":"Glossary of Poetic Terms : Learning Lab : The Poetry Foundation","passages":["Acrostic A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word, name, or phrase when read vertically. See Lewis Carroll’s “A Boat beneath a Sunny Sky.”","Alexandrine In English, a 12-syllable iambic line adapted from French heroic verse. The last line of each stanza in Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the Twain” and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “To a Skylark” is an alexandrine.","Anagram A word spelled out by rearranging the letters of another word; for example, “The teacher gapes at the mounds of exam pages lying before her.”","Ars Poetica A poem that explains the “art of poetry,” or a meditation on poetry using the form and techniques of a poem. Horace’s Ars Poetica is an early example, and the foundation for the tradition. While Horace writes of the importance of delighting and instructing audiences, modernist ars poetica poets argue that poems should be written for their own sake, as art for the sake of art. Archibald MacLeish’s famous “Ars Poetica” sums up the argument: “A poem should not mean / But be.” See also Alexander Pope’s “An Essay on Criticism,” William Wordsworth’s Prelude, and Wallace Stevens’s “Of Modern Poetry.”","Aubade A love poem or song welcoming or lamenting the arrival of the dawn. The form originated in medieval France. See John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” and Louise Bogan’s “Leave-Taking.” Browse more aubade poems.","Ballad A popular narrative song passed down orally. In the English tradition, it usually follows a form of rhymed (abcb) quatrains alternating four-stress and three-stress lines. Folk (or traditional) ballads are anonymous and recount tragic, comic, or heroic stories with emphasis on a central dramatic event; examples include “Barbara Allen” and “John Henry.” Beginning in the Renaissance, poets have adapted the conventions of the folk ballad for their own original compositions. Examples of this “literary” ballad form include John Keats’s “La Belle Dame sans Merci,” Thomas Hardy’s “During Wind and Rain,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “Annabel Lee.” Browse more ballads.","Ballade An Old French verse form that usually consists of three eight-line stanzas and a four-line envoy, with a rhyme scheme of ababbcbc bcbc. The last line of the first stanza is repeated at the end of subsequent stanzas and the envoy. See Hilaire Belloc’s “Ballade of Modest Confession” and Algernon Charles Swinburne’s translation of François Villon’s “Ballade des Pendus” (Ballade of the Hanged).","Canto A long subsection of an epic or long narrative poem, such as Dante Alighieri’s Commedia (The Divine Comedy), first employed in English by Edmund Spenser in The Faerie Queene. Other examples include Lord Byron’s Don Juan and Ezra Pound’s Cantos.","Canzone Literally “song” in Italian, the canzone is a lyric poem originating in medieval Italy and France and usually consisting of hendecasyllabic lines with end-rhyme. The canzone influenced the development of the sonnet.","Carol A hymn or poem often sung by a group, with an individual taking the changing stanzas and the group taking the burden or refrain. See Robert Southwell’s “The Burning Babe”. Many traditional Christmas songs are carols, such as “I Saw Three Ships” and “The Twelve Days of Christmas.”","Concrete poetry Verse that emphasizes nonlinguistic elements in its meaning, such as a typeface that creates a visual image of the topic. Examples include George Herbert’s “Easter Wings” and “The Altar” and George Starbuck’s “Poem in the Shape of a Potted Christmas Tree”. Browse more concrete poems.","Couplet A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. A couplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a sentence (see Dorothy Parker’s “Interview”: “The ladies men admire, I’ve heard, /Would shudder at a wicked word.”). The “heroic couplet” is written in iambic pentameter and features prominently in the work of 17th- and 18th- century didactic and satirical poets such as Alexander Pope: “Some have at first for wits, then poets pass’d, /Turn’d critics next, and proved plain fools at last.” Browse more couplet poems.","Didactic poetry Poetry that instructs, either in terms of morals or by providing knowledge of philosophy, religion, arts, science, or skills. Although some poets believe that all poetry is inherently instructional, didactic poetry separately refers to poems that contain a clear moral or message or purpose to convey to its readers. John Milton's epic Paradise Lost and Alexander Pope's An Essay on Man are famous examples. See also William Blake’s “A Divine Image,” Rudyard Kipling’s “If—,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam.”","Dirge A brief hymn or song of lamentation and grief; it was typically composed to be performed at a funeral. In lyric poetry, a dirge tends to be shorter and less meditative than an elegy. See Christina Rossetti’s “A Dirge” and Sir Philip Sidney’s “Ring Out Your Bells.”","Doggerel Bad verse traditionally characterized by clichés, clumsiness, and irregular meter. It is often unintentionally humorous. The “giftedly bad” William McGonagall was an accomplished doggerelist, as demonstrated in “The Tay Bridge Disaster”:","It must have been an awful sight, To witness in the dusky moonlight, While the Storm Fiend did laugh, and angry did bray, Along the Railway Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, Oh! ill-fated Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, I must now conclude my lay By telling the world fearlessly without the least dismay, That your central girders would not have given way, At least many sensible men do say, Had they been supported on each side with buttresses, At least many sensible men confesses, For the stronger we our houses do build, The less chance we have of being killed.","Dramatic monologue A poem in which an imagined speaker addresses a silent listener, usually not the reader. Examples include Robert Browning’s “My Last Duchess,” T.S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” and Ai’s “Killing Floor.” A lyric may also be addressed to someone, but it is short and songlike and may appear to address either the reader or the poet. Browse more dramatic monologue poems.","Eclogue A brief, dramatic pastoral poem, set in an idyllic rural place but discussing urban, legal, political, or social issues. Bucolics and idylls, like eclogues, are pastoral poems, but in nondramatic form. See Edmund Spenser’s “Shepheardes Calendar: April,” Andrew Marvell’s “Nymph Complaining for the Death of Her Fawn,” and John Crowe Ransom’s “Eclogue.”","Elegy In traditional English poetry, it is often a melancholy poem that laments its subject’s death but ends in consolation. Examples include John Milton’s “Lycidas”; Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam”; and Walt Whitman’s “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd.” More recently, Peter Sacks has elegized his father in “Natal Command,” and Mary Jo Bang has written “You Were You Are Elegy” and other poems for her son. In the 18th century the “elegiac stanza” emerged, though its use has not been exclusive to elegies. It is a quatrain with the rhyme scheme ABAB written in iambic pentameter. Browse more elegies.","Envoi (or Envoy) The brief stanza that ends French poetic forms such as the ballade or sestina. It usually serves as a summation or a dedication to a particular person. See Hilaire Belloc’s satirical “Ballade of Modest Confession.”","Epic A long narrative poem in which a heroic protagonist engages in an action of great mythic or historical significance. Notable English epics include Beowulf, Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (which follows the virtuous exploits of 12 knights in the service of the mythical King Arthur), and John Milton’s Paradise Lost, which dramatizes Satan’s fall from Heaven and humankind’s subsequent alienation from God in the Garden of Eden. Browse more epics.","Epigram A pithy, often witty, poem. See Walter Savage Landor’s “Dirce,” Ben Jonson’s “On Gut,” or much of the work of J.V. Cunningham:","Epistle A letter in verse, usually addressed to a person close to the writer. Its themes may be moral and philosophical, or intimate and sentimental. Alexander Pope favored the form; see his “Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,” in which the poet addresses a physician in his social circle. The epistle peaked in popularity in the 18th century, though Lord Byron and Robert Browning composed several in the next century; see Byron’s “Epistle to Augusta.” Less formal, more conversational versions of the epistle can be found in contemporary lyric poetry; see Hayden Carruth’s “The Afterlife: Letter to Sam Hamill” or “Dear Mr. Fanelli” by Charles Bernstein. Browse more epistles.","Epitaph A short poem intended for (or imagined as) an inscription on a tombstone and often serving as a brief elegy. See Robert Herrick’s “Upon a Child That Died” and “Upon Ben Jonson”; Ben Jonson’s “Epitaph on Elizabeth, L. H.”; and “Epitaph for a Romantic Woman” by Louise Bogan.","Epithalamion A lyric poem in praise of Hymen (the Greek god of marriage), an epithalamion often blesses a wedding and in modern times is often read at the wedding ceremony or reception. See Edmund Spenser’s “Epithalamion.” Browse more epithalamions.","Fixed and unfixed forms Poems that have a set number of lines, rhymes, and/or metrical arrangements per line. Browse all terms related to forms, including alcaics, alexandrine, aubade, ballad, ballade, carol, concrete poetry, double dactyl, dramatic monologue, eclogue, elegy, epic, epistle, epithalamion, free verse, haiku, heroic couplet, limerick, madrigal, mock epic, ode, ottava rima, pastoral, quatrain, renga, rondeau, rondel, sestina, sonnet, Spenserian stanza, tanka, tercet, terza rima, and villanelle.","Found poem A prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines. Fragments of found poetry may appear within an original poem as well. Portions of Ezra Pound’s Cantos are found poetry, culled from historical letters and government documents. Charles Olson created his poem “There Was a Youth whose Name Was Thomas Granger” using a report from William Bradford’s History of Plymouth Plantation.","Fourteener A metrical line of 14 syllables (usually seven iambic feet). A relatively long line, it can be found in narrative poetry from the Middle Ages through the 16th century. Fourteener couplets broken into quatrains are known as common measure or ballad meter. See also Poulter’s measure.","Free verse Nonmetrical, nonrhyming lines that closely follow the natural rhythms of speech. A regular pattern of sound or rhythm may emerge in free- verse lines, but the poet does not adhere to a metrical plan in their composition. Matthew Arnold and Walt Whitman explored the possibilities of nonmetrical poetry in the 19th century. Since the early 20th century, the majority of published lyric poetry has been written in free verse. See the work of William Carlos Williams, T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and H.D. Browse more free-verse poems.","Genre A class or category of texts with similarities in form, style, or subject matter. The definition of a genre changes over time, and a text often interacts with multiple genres. A text’s relationship to a particular genre—whether it defies or supports a genre’s set of expectations—is often of interest when conducting literary analysis. Four major genres of literature include poetry, drama, nonfiction, and fiction. Poetry can be divided into further genres, such as epic, lyric, narrative, satirical, or prose poetry. For more examples of genres, browse poems by type.","Georgic A poem or book dealing with agriculture or rural topics, which commonly glorifies outdoor labor and simple country life. Often takes the form of a didactic or instructive poem intended to give instructions related to a skill or art. The Roman poet Virgil famously wrote a collection of poems entitled Georgics, which has influenced poets since. Read a translated excerpt from Virgil's Georgics Book III or Book IV.","Ghazal (Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with loss and romantic love, medieval Persian poets embraced the ghazal, eventually making it their own. Consisting of syntactically and grammatically complete couplets, the form also has an intricate rhyme scheme. Each couplet ends on the same word or phrase (the radif), and is preceded by the couplet’s rhyming word (the qafia, which appears twice in the first couplet). The last couplet includes a proper name, often of the poet’s. In the Persian tradition, each couplet was of the same meter and length, and the subject matter included both erotic longing and religious belief or mysticism. English-language poets who have composed in the form include Adrienne Rich, John Hollander, and Agha Shahid Ali; see Ali’s “Tonight” and Patricia Smith’s “Hip-Hop Ghazal.”","Gnomic verse Poems laced with proverbs, aphorisms, or maxims. The term was first applied to Greek poets in the 6th century BCE and was practiced in medieval Germany and England. See excerpts from the Exeter Book. Robert Creeley explored the genre in his contemporary “Gnomic Verses.”","Haiku (or hokku) A Japanese verse form of three unrhyming lines in five, seven, and five syllables. It creates a single, memorable image, as in these lines by Kobayashi Issa, translated by Jane Hirshfield:","On a branch floating downriver a cricket, singing. (In translating from Japanese to English, Hirshfield compresses the number of syllables.)","See also “Three Haiku, Two Tanka” by Philip Appleman and Robert Hass’s “After the Gentle Poet Kobayashi Issa.” The Imagist poets of the early 20th century, including Ezra Pound and H.D., showed appreciation for the form’s linguistic and sensory economy; Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro” embodies the spirit of haiku. Browse more haiku.","Lament Any poem expressing deep grief, usually at the death of a loved one or some other loss. Related to elegy and the dirge. See “A Lament” by Percy Bysshe Shelley; Thom Gunn’s “Lament”; and Edna St. Vincent Millay’s “Lament.”","Landays A form of folk poetry from Afghanistan. Meant to be recited or sung aloud, and frequently anonymous, the form is a couplet comprised of 22 syllables. The first line has 9 syllables and the second line 13 syllables. Landays end on “ma” or “na” sounds and treat themes such as love, grief, homeland, war, and separation. See Eliza Griswold’s extensive reporting on the form in the June 2013 issue of Poetry, in which she explains how the form was created by and for the more than 20 million Pashtun women who span the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan.","Light verse Whimsical poems taking forms such as limericks, nonsense poems, and double dactyls. See Edward Lear’s “The Owl and the Pussy-Cat” and Lewis Carroll’s “The Walrus and the Carpenter.” Other masters of light verse include Dorothy Parker, G.K. Chesterton, John Hollander, and Wendy Cope.","Limerick A fixed light-verse form of five generally anapestic lines rhyming AABBA. Edward Lear, who popularized the form, fused the third and fourth lines into a single line with internal rhyme. Limericks are traditionally bawdy or just irreverent; see “A Young Lady of Lynn” or Lear’s “There was an Old Man with a Beard.” Browse more limericks.","Lyric Originally a composition meant for musical accompaniment. The term refers to a short poem in which the poet, the poet’s persona, or another speaker expresses personal feelings. See Robert Herrick’s “To Anthea, who May Command Him Anything,” John Clare’s “I Hid My Love,” Louise Bogan’s “Song for the Last Act,” or Louise Glück’s “Vita Nova.”","Madrigal A song or short lyric poem intended for multiple singers. Originating in 14th-century Italy, it became popular in England in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. It has no fixed metrical requirements. See “Rosalind’s Madrigal” by Thomas Lodge.","Mock epic A poem that plays with the conventions of the epic to comment on a topic satirically. In “Mac Flecknoe,” John Dryden wittily flaunts his mastery of the epic genre to cut down a literary rival. Alexander Pope’s “The Rape of the Lock” recasts a petty high-society scandal as a mythological battle for the virtue of an innocent.","Occasional poem A poem written to describe or comment on a particular event and often written for a public reading. Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “The Charge of the Light Brigade” commemorates a disastrous battle in the Crimean War. George Starbuck wrote “Of Late” after reading a newspaper account of a Vietnam War protester’s suicide. Elizabeth Alexander’s “Praise Song for the Day” was written for the inauguration of President Barack Obama. See also elegy, epithalamion, and ode.","Octave An eight-line stanza or poem. See ottava rima and triolet. The first eight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet are also called an octave.","Ode A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that addresses and often celebrates a person, place, thing, or idea. Its stanza forms vary. The Greek or Pindaric (Pindar, ca. 552–442 B.C.E.) ode was a public poem, usually set to music, that celebrated athletic victories. (See Stephen Burt’s article “And the Winner Is . . . Pindar!”) English odes written in the Pindaric tradition include Thomas Gray’s “The Progress of Poesy: A Pindaric Ode” and William Wordsworth’s “Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Reflections of Early Childhood.” Horatian odes, after the Latin poet Horace (65–8 B.C.E.), were written in quatrains in a more philosophical, contemplative manner; see Andrew Marvell’s “Horatian Ode upon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland.” The Sapphic ode consists of quatrains, three 11-syllable lines, and a final five-syllable line, unrhyming but with a strict meter. See Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “Sapphics.”","The odes of the English Romantic poets vary in stanza form. They often address an intense emotion at the onset of a personal crisis (see Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Dejection: An Ode,”) or celebrate an object or image that leads to revelation (see John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” “Ode to a Nightingale,” and “To Autumn”). Browse more odes.","Ottava rima Originally an Italian stanza of eight 11-syllable lines, with a rhyme scheme of ABABABCC. Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced the form in English, and Lord Byron adapted it to a 10-syllable line for his mock-epic Don Juan. W.B. Yeats used it for “Among School Children” and “Sailing to Byzantium.” Browse more ottava rima poems.","Palinode An ode or song that retracts or recants what the poet wrote in a previous poem. For instance, Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales ends with a retraction, in which he apologizes for the work’s “worldly vanitees” and sinful contents.","Panegyric A poem of effusive praise. Its origins are Greek, and it is closely related to the eulogy and the ode. See Ben Jonson’s “To the Memory of My Beloved the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare” or Anne Bradstreet’s “In Honor of That High and Mighty Princess, Queen Elizabeth.”","Pantoum A Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets and occasionally imitated in English. It comprises a series of quatrains, with the second and fourth lines of each quatrain repeated as the first and third lines of the next. The second and fourth lines of the final stanza repeat the first and third lines of the first stanza. See A.E. Stallings’s “Another Lullaby for Insomniacs.” Browse more pantoums.","Pastoral Verse in the tradition of Theocritus (3 BCE), who wrote idealized accounts of shepherds and their loves living simple, virtuous lives in Arcadia, a mountainous region of Greece. Poets writing in English drew on the pastoral tradition by retreating from the trappings of modernity to the imagined virtues and romance of rural life, as in Edmund Spenser’s The Shepheardes Calendar, Christopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love,” and Sir Walter Ralegh’s response, “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.” The pastoral poem faded after the European Industrial Revolution of the 18th century, but its themes persist in poems that romanticize rural life or reappraise the natural world; see Leonie Adams’s “Country Summer,” Dylan Thomas’s “Fern Hill,” or Allen Ginsberg’s “Wales Visitation.” Browse more pastoral poems.","Prose poem A prose composition that, while not broken into verse lines, demonstrates other traits such as symbols, metaphors, and other figures of speech common to poetry. See Amy Lowell’s “Bath,” “Metals Metals” by Russell Edson, “Information” by David Ignatow, and Harryette Mullen’s “[Kills bugs dead.]” Browse more prose poems.","Quatrain A four-line stanza, rhyming -ABAC or ABCB (known as unbounded or ballad quatrain), as in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.” -AABB (a double couplet); see A.E. Housman’s “To an Athlete Dying Young.” -ABAB (known as interlaced, alternate, or heroic), as in Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” or “Sadie and Maud” by Gwendolyn Brooks. -ABBA (known as envelope or enclosed), as in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam” or John Ciardi’s “Most Like an Arch This Marriage.” -AABA, the stanza of Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.”","Refrain A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at the end of a stanza. See the refrain “jump back, honey, jump back” in Paul Lawrence Dunbar’s “A Negro Love Song” or “return and return again” in James Laughlin’s “O Best of All Nights, Return and Return Again.” Browse poems with a refrain.","Renga A Japanese form composed of a series of half-tanka written by different poets. The opening stanza is the basis of the modern haiku form.","Rhyme royal (rime royale) A stanza of seven 10-syllable lines, rhyming ABABBCC, popularized by Geoffrey Chaucer and termed “royal” because his imitator, James I of Scotland, employed it in his own verse. In addition to Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, see Sir Thomas Wyatt’s “They flee from me” and William Wordsworth’s “Resolution and Independence.”","Romance French in origin, a genre of long narrative poetry about medieval courtly culture and secret love. It triumphed in English with tales of chivalry such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Knight’s Tale” and Troilus and Criseyde.","Rondeau Originating in France, a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of between 10 and 15 lines and three stanzas. It has only two rhymes, with the opening words used twice as an unrhyming refrain at the end of the second and third stanzas. The 10-line version rhymes ABBAABc ABBAc (where the lower-case “c” stands for the refrain). The 15-line version often rhymes AABBA AABc AABAc. Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Now welcome, summer” at the close of The Parlement of Fowls is an example of a 13-line rondeau.","A rondeau redoublé consists of six quatrains using two rhymes. The first quatrain consists of four refrain lines that are used, in sequence, as the last lines of the next four quatrains, and a phrase from the first refrain is repeated as a tail at the end of the final stanza. See Dorothy Parker’s “Roudeau Redoublé (and Scarcely Worth the Trouble at That).”","Rondel (roundel) A poetic form of 11 to 14 lines consisting of two rhymes and the repetition of the first two lines in the middle of the poem and at its end. Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Roundel” is 11 lines in two stanzas.","Sestina A complex French verse form, usually unrhymed, consisting of six stanzas of six lines each and a three-line envoy. The end words of the first stanza are repeated in a different order as end words in each of the subsequent five stanzas; the closing envoy contains all six words, two per line, placed in the middle and at the end of the three lines. The patterns of word repetition are as follows, with each number representing the final word of a line, and each row of numbers representing a stanza:","1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 6 4 1 2 5 5 3 2 6 1 4 4 5 1 3 6 2 2 4 6 5 3 1 (6 2) (1 4) (5 3)","Sijo A Korean verse form related to haiku and tanka and comprised of three lines of 14-16 syllables each, for a total of 44-46 syllables. Each line contains a pause near the middle, similar to a caesura, though the break need not be metrical. The first half of the line contains six to nine syllables; the second half should contain no fewer than five. Originally intended as songs, sijo can treat romantic, metaphysical, or spiritual themes. Whatever the subject, the first line introduces an idea or story, the second supplies a “turn,” and the third provides closure. Modern sijo are sometimes printed in six lines.","Slam A competitive poetry performance in which selected audience members score performers, and winners are determined by total points. Slam is a composite genre that combines elements of poetry, theater, performance, and storytelling. The genre’s origins can be traced to Chicago in the early 1980s. Since then, groups of volunteers have organized slams in venues across the world. The first National Poetry Slam was held in 1990, and has become an annual event in which teams from cities across the United States compete at events in a host city. For more on poetry slams, see Jeremy Richards’s series “Performing the Academy”. See also poets Tyehimba Jess, Bob Holman, and Patricia Smith.","Sonnet A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy and brought to England by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, earl of Surrey in the 16th century. Literally a “little song,” the sonnet traditionally reflects upon a single sentiment, with a clarification or “turn” of thought in its concluding lines.","The Petrarchan sonnet, perfected by the Italian poet Petrarch, divides the 14 lines into two sections: an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming ABBAABBA, and a six-line stanza (sestet) rhyming CDCDCD or CDEEDE. John Milton’s “When I Consider How my Light Is Spent” and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “How Do I Love Thee” employ this form.","The Italian sonnet is an English variation on the traditional Petrarchan version. The octave’s rhyme scheme is preserved, but the sestet rhymes CDDCEE. See Thomas Wyatt’s “Whoso List to Hunt, I Know Where Is an Hind” and John Donne’s “If Poisonous Minerals, and If That Tree.”","Wyatt and Surrey developed the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet, which condenses the 14 lines into one stanza of three quatrains and a concluding couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG (though poets have frequently varied this scheme; see Wilfred Owen’s “Anthem for Doomed Youth”). George Herbert’s “Love (II),” Claude McKay’s “America,” and Molly Peacock’s “Altruism” are English sonnets.","-The caudate sonnet, which adds codas or tails to the 14-line poem. See Gerard Manley Hopkins’s “That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire.”","-The curtal sonnet, a shortened version devised by Gerard Manley Hopkins that maintains the proportions of the Italian form, substituting two six-stress tercets for two quatrains in the octave (rhyming ABC ABC), and four and a half lines for the sestet (rhyming DEBDE), also six-stress except for the final three-stress line. See his poem “Pied Beauty.”","-The sonnet redoublé, also known as a crown of sonnets, is composed of 15 sonnets that are linked by the repetition of the final line of one sonnet as the initial line of the next, and the final line of that sonnet as the initial line of the previous; the last sonnet consists of all the repeated lines of the previous 14 sonnets, in the same order in which they appeared. Marilyn Nelson’s A Wreath for Emmett Till is a contemporary example.","-A sonnet sequence is a group of sonnets sharing the same subject matter and sometimes a dramatic situation and persona. See George Meredith’s Modern Love sequence, Sir Philip Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella, Rupert Brooke’s 1914 sequence, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese.","-The Spenserian sonnet is a 14-line poem developed by Edmund Spenser in his Amoretti, that varies the English form by interlocking the three quatrains (ABAB BCBC CDCD EE).","Spenserian stanza The unit of Edmund Spenser’s long poem The Faerie Queene, consisting of eight iambic-pentameter lines and a final alexandrine, with a rhyme scheme of ABABBCBCC. Later uses of this stanza form include John Keats’s “The Eve of St. Agnes,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Adonais,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s “The Lotos-Eaters.”","Stanza A grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free verse, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in mood, time, or thought.","Syllabic verse Poetry whose meter is determined by the total number of syllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Marianne Moore’s poetry is mostly syllabic. Other examples include Thomas Nashe’s “Adieu, farewell earth’s bliss” and Dylan Thomas’s “Poem in October.” Browse more poems in syllabic verse.","Tanka A Japanese form of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables—31 in all. See Philip Appleman’s “Three Haiku, Two Tanka.” See also renga.","Tercet A poetic unit of three lines, rhymed or unrhymed. Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the Twain” rhymes AAA BBB; Ben Jonson’s “On Spies” is a three- line poem rhyming AAA; and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” is written in terza rima form. Examples of poems in unrhymed tercets include Wallace Stevens’s “The Snow Man” and David Wagoner’s “For a Student Sleeping in a Poetry Workshop.”","Terza rima An Italian stanzaic form, used most notably by Dante Alighieri in Commedia (The Divine Comedy), consisting of tercets with interwoven rhymes (ABA BCB DED EFE, and so on). A concluding couplet rhymes with the penultimate line of the last tercet. See Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,” Derek Walcott’s “The Bounty,” and Omeros, and Jacqueline Osherow’s “Autumn Psalm.”","Triolet An eight-line stanza having just two rhymes and repeating the first line as the fourth and seventh lines, and the second line as the eighth. See Sandra McPherson’s “Triolet” or “Triolets in the Argolid” by Rachel Hadas.","Verse As a mass noun, poetry in general; as a regular noun, a line of poetry. Typically used to refer to poetry that possesses more formal qualities.","Verse paragraph A group of verse lines that make up a single rhetorical unit. In longer poems, the first line is often indented, like a paragraph in prose. The long narrative passages of John Milton’s Paradise Lost are verse paragraphs. The titled sections of Robert Pinsky’s “Essay on Psychiatrists” demarcate shifts in focus and argument much as prose paragraphs would. A shorter lyric poem, even when broken into stanzas, could be considered a single verse paragraph, insofar as it expresses a unified mood or thought; see Gail Mazur’s “Evening.”","Villanelle A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a final quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating alternately in the following stanzas. These two refrain lines form the final couplet in the quatrain. See “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan Thomas, Elizabeth Bishop’s “One Art,” and Edwin Arlington Robinson’s “The House on the Hill.”"]},"parsed_md":"Glossary of Poetic Terms : Learning Lab : The Poetry Foundation\n\nPoetry Foundation\n\n * About Us\n * Visit\n * Contact Us\n * Newsletters\n\n * Poems & Poets\n\n * Browse Poems\n * Browse Poets\n * Seasonal Poems\n * Features\n\n * Articles\n * Audio & Podcasts\n * Video\n * Harriet: News & Community\n * Resources\n\n * Learning Lab\n * Children’s Poetry\n * Young People's Poet Laureate\n * POETRY Mobile App\n * Poetry Tours\n * Programs & Initiatives\n\n * Foundation Events\n * Gallery Exhibitions\n * Foundation Awards\n * Foundation Library\n * Harriet Monroe Poetry Institute\n * Media Partnerships\n * Poetry Out Loud\n * Poetry magazine\n\n * * April 2016\n\nOcean Vuong, Dawn Lundy Martin, Jennifer Bartlett, Jan Beatty, Reginald Dwayne\nBetts, Regie Cabico, and more.\n\n * Table of Contents\n * Browse All Issues Back to 1912\n * Subscribe to Poetry\n * Submissions & Letters to the Editor\n * Poetry Magazine Prizes\n * Advertise with Us\n\nHome > Learning Lab > Glossary of Poetic Terms\n\n * Learning Lab\n * Core Learning Poems\n * Articles for Students & Teachers\n * Essays on Poetic Theory\n * Glossary of Poetic Terms\n\nPrint subscribers can now access the digital editions of Poetry!\n\nFind out more »\n\n# Glossary Terms\n\n * Share\n * Print\n\n### Search The Glossary\n\nEnter your search terms above to search the glossary\n\n * * All Terms\n * Forms & Types\n * Rhythm & Meter\n * Schools & Periods\n * Techniques & Figures of Speech\n * Theory & Criticism\n\nAcrostic A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word,\nname, or phrase when read vertically. See Lewis Carroll’s “A Boat beneath a\nSunny Sky.”\n\nAlexandrine In English, a 12-syllable iambic line adapted from French heroic\nverse. The last line of each stanza in Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the\nTwain” and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “To a Skylark” is an alexandrine.\n\nAnagram A word spelled out by rearranging the letters of another word; for\nexample, “The teacher gapes at the mounds of exam pages lying before her.”\n\nArs Poetica A poem that explains the “art of poetry,” or a meditation on\npoetry using the form and techniques of a poem. Horace’s Ars Poetica is an\nearly example, and the foundation for the tradition. While Horace writes of\nthe importance of delighting and instructing audiences, modernist ars poetica\npoets argue that poems should be written for their own sake, as art for the\nsake of art. Archibald MacLeish’s famous “Ars Poetica” sums up the argument:\n“A poem should not mean / But be.” See also Alexander Pope’s “An Essay on\nCriticism,” William Wordsworth’s Prelude, and Wallace Stevens’s “Of Modern\nPoetry.”\n\nAubade A love poem or song welcoming or lamenting the arrival of the dawn. The\nform originated in medieval France. See John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” and\nLouise Bogan’s “Leave-Taking.” Browse more aubade poems.\n\nBallad A popular narrative song passed down orally. In the English tradition,\nit usually follows a form of rhymed (abcb) quatrains alternating four-stress\nand three-stress lines. Folk (or traditional) ballads are anonymous and\nrecount tragic, comic, or heroic stories with emphasis on a central dramatic\nevent; examples include “Barbara Allen” and “John Henry.” Beginning in the\nRenaissance, poets have adapted the conventions of the folk ballad for their\nown original compositions. Examples of this “literary” ballad form include\nJohn Keats’s “La Belle Dame sans Merci,” Thomas Hardy’s “During Wind and\nRain,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “Annabel Lee.” Browse more ballads.\n\nBallade An Old French verse form that usually consists of three eight-line\nstanzas and a four-line envoy, with a rhyme scheme of ababbcbc bcbc. The last\nline of the first stanza is repeated at the end of subsequent stanzas and the\nenvoy. See Hilaire Belloc’s “Ballade of Modest Confession” and Algernon\nCharles Swinburne’s translation of François Villon’s “Ballade des Pendus”\n(Ballade of the Hanged).\n\nBucolic See pastoral poetry.\n\nCanto A long subsection of an epic or long narrative poem, such as Dante\nAlighieri’s Commedia (The Divine Comedy), first employed in English by Edmund\nSpenser in The Faerie Queene. Other examples include Lord Byron’s Don Juan and\nEzra Pound’s Cantos.\n\nCanzone Literally “song” in Italian, the canzone is a lyric poem originating\nin medieval Italy and France and usually consisting of hendecasyllabic lines\nwith end-rhyme. The canzone influenced the development of the sonnet.\n\nCarol A hymn or poem often sung by a group, with an individual taking the\nchanging stanzas and the group taking the burden or refrain. See Robert\nSouthwell’s “The Burning Babe”. Many traditional Christmas songs are carols,\nsuch as “I Saw Three Ships” and “The Twelve Days of Christmas.”\n\nConcrete poetry Verse that emphasizes nonlinguistic elements in its meaning,\nsuch as a typeface that creates a visual image of the topic. Examples include\nGeorge Herbert’s “Easter Wings” and “The Altar” and George Starbuck’s “Poem in\nthe Shape of a Potted Christmas Tree”. Browse more concrete poems.\n\nCouplet A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. A\ncouplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a\nsentence (see Dorothy Parker’s “Interview”: “The ladies men admire, I’ve\nheard, /Would shudder at a wicked word.”). The “heroic couplet” is written in\niambic pentameter and features prominently in the work of 17th- and 18th-\ncentury didactic and satirical poets such as Alexander Pope: “Some have at\nfirst for wits, then poets pass’d, /Turn’d critics next, and proved plain\nfools at last.” Browse more couplet poems.\n\nCurtal sonnet See Sonnet.\n\nDidactic poetry Poetry that instructs, either in terms of morals or by\nproviding knowledge of philosophy, religion, arts, science, or skills.\nAlthough some poets believe that all poetry is inherently instructional,\ndidactic poetry separately refers to poems that contain a clear moral or\nmessage or purpose to convey to its readers. John Milton's epic Paradise Lost\nand Alexander Pope's An Essay on Man are famous examples. See also William\nBlake’s “A Divine Image,” Rudyard Kipling’s “If—,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s\n“In Memoriam.”\n\nDirge A brief hymn or song of lamentation and grief; it was typically composed\nto be performed at a funeral. In lyric poetry, a dirge tends to be shorter and\nless meditative than an elegy. See Christina Rossetti’s “A Dirge” and Sir\nPhilip Sidney’s “Ring Out Your Bells.”\n\nDoggerel Bad verse traditionally characterized by clichés, clumsiness, and\nirregular meter. It is often unintentionally humorous. The “giftedly bad”\nWilliam McGonagall was an accomplished doggerelist, as demonstrated in “The\nTay Bridge Disaster”:\n\nIt must have been an awful sight, To witness in the dusky moonlight, While the\nStorm Fiend did laugh, and angry did bray, Along the Railway Bridge of the\nSilv’ry Tay, Oh! ill-fated Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, I must now conclude my\nlay By telling the world fearlessly without the least dismay, That your\ncentral girders would not have given way, At least many sensible men do say,\nHad they been supported on each side with buttresses, At least many sensible\nmen confesses, For the stronger we our houses do build, The less chance we\nhave of being killed.\n\nDramatic monologue A poem in which an imagined speaker addresses a silent\nlistener, usually not the reader. Examples include Robert Browning’s “My Last\nDuchess,” T.S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” and Ai’s\n“Killing Floor.” A lyric may also be addressed to someone, but it is short and\nsonglike and may appear to address either the reader or the poet. Browse more\ndramatic monologue poems.\n\nEclogue A brief, dramatic pastoral poem, set in an idyllic rural place but\ndiscussing urban, legal, political, or social issues. Bucolics and idylls,\nlike eclogues, are pastoral poems, but in nondramatic form. See Edmund\nSpenser’s “Shepheardes Calendar: April,” Andrew Marvell’s “Nymph Complaining\nfor the Death of Her Fawn,” and John Crowe Ransom’s “Eclogue.”\n\nElegy In traditional English poetry, it is often a melancholy poem that\nlaments its subject’s death but ends in consolation. Examples include John\nMilton’s “Lycidas”; Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam”; and Walt Whitman’s\n“When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd.” More recently, Peter Sacks has\nelegized his father in “Natal Command,” and Mary Jo Bang has written “You Were\nYou Are Elegy” and other poems for her son. In the 18th century the “elegiac\nstanza” emerged, though its use has not been exclusive to elegies. It is a\nquatrain with the rhyme scheme ABAB written in iambic pentameter. Browse more\nelegies.\n\nEnvoi (or Envoy) The brief stanza that ends French poetic forms such as the\nballade or sestina. It usually serves as a summation or a dedication to a\nparticular person. See Hilaire Belloc’s satirical “Ballade of Modest\nConfession.”\n\nEpic A long narrative poem in which a heroic protagonist engages in an action\nof great mythic or historical significance. Notable English epics include\nBeowulf, Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (which follows the virtuous\nexploits of 12 knights in the service of the mythical King Arthur), and John\nMilton’s Paradise Lost, which dramatizes Satan’s fall from Heaven and\nhumankind’s subsequent alienation from God in the Garden of Eden. Browse more\nepics.\n\nEpigram A pithy, often witty, poem. See Walter Savage Landor’s “Dirce,” Ben\nJonson’s “On Gut,” or much of the work of J.V. Cunningham:\n\nThis Humanist whom no beliefs constrained Grew so broad-minded he was scatter-\nbrained.\n\nBrowse more epigrams.\n\nEpistle A letter in verse, usually addressed to a person close to the writer.\nIts themes may be moral and philosophical, or intimate and sentimental.\nAlexander Pope favored the form; see his “Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,” in which\nthe poet addresses a physician in his social circle. The epistle peaked in\npopularity in the 18th century, though Lord Byron and Robert Browning composed\nseveral in the next century; see Byron’s “Epistle to Augusta.” Less formal,\nmore conversational versions of the epistle can be found in contemporary lyric\npoetry; see Hayden Carruth’s “The Afterlife: Letter to Sam Hamill” or “Dear\nMr. Fanelli” by Charles Bernstein. Browse more epistles.\n\nEpitaph A short poem intended for (or imagined as) an inscription on a\ntombstone and often serving as a brief elegy. See Robert Herrick’s “Upon a\nChild That Died” and “Upon Ben Jonson”; Ben Jonson’s “Epitaph on Elizabeth, L.\nH.”; and “Epitaph for a Romantic Woman” by Louise Bogan.\n\nEpithalamion A lyric poem in praise of Hymen (the Greek god of marriage), an\nepithalamion often blesses a wedding and in modern times is often read at the\nwedding ceremony or reception. See Edmund Spenser’s “Epithalamion.” Browse\nmore epithalamions.\n\nFixed and unfixed forms Poems that have a set number of lines, rhymes, and/or\nmetrical arrangements per line. Browse all terms related to forms, including\nalcaics, alexandrine, aubade, ballad, ballade, carol, concrete poetry, double\ndactyl, dramatic monologue, eclogue, elegy, epic, epistle, epithalamion, free\nverse, haiku, heroic couplet, limerick, madrigal, mock epic, ode, ottava rima,\npastoral, quatrain, renga, rondeau, rondel, sestina, sonnet, Spenserian\nstanza, tanka, tercet, terza rima, and villanelle.\n\nFound poem A prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines.\nFragments of found poetry may appear within an original poem as well. Portions\nof Ezra Pound’s Cantos are found poetry, culled from historical letters and\ngovernment documents. Charles Olson created his poem “There Was a Youth whose\nName Was Thomas Granger” using a report from William Bradford’s History of\nPlymouth Plantation.\n\nFourteener A metrical line of 14 syllables (usually seven iambic feet). A\nrelatively long line, it can be found in narrative poetry from the Middle Ages\nthrough the 16th century. Fourteener couplets broken into quatrains are known\nas common measure or ballad meter. See also Poulter’s measure.\n\nFree verse Nonmetrical, nonrhyming lines that closely follow the natural\nrhythms of speech. A regular pattern of sound or rhythm may emerge in free-\nverse lines, but the poet does not adhere to a metrical plan in their\ncomposition. Matthew Arnold and Walt Whitman explored the possibilities of\nnonmetrical poetry in the 19th century. Since the early 20th century, the\nmajority of published lyric poetry has been written in free verse. See the\nwork of William Carlos Williams, T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and H.D. Browse more\nfree-verse poems.\n\nGenre A class or category of texts with similarities in form, style, or\nsubject matter. The definition of a genre changes over time, and a text often\ninteracts with multiple genres. A text’s relationship to a particular\ngenre—whether it defies or supports a genre’s set of expectations—is often of\ninterest when conducting literary analysis. Four major genres of literature\ninclude poetry, drama, nonfiction, and fiction. Poetry can be divided into\nfurther genres, such as epic, lyric, narrative, satirical, or prose poetry.\nFor more examples of genres, browse poems by type.\n\nGeorgic A poem or book dealing with agriculture or rural topics, which\ncommonly glorifies outdoor labor and simple country life. Often takes the form\nof a didactic or instructive poem intended to give instructions related to a\nskill or art. The Roman poet Virgil famously wrote a collection of poems\nentitled Georgics, which has influenced poets since. Read a translated excerpt\nfrom Virgil's Georgics Book III or Book IV.\n\nGhazal (Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with\nloss and romantic love, medieval Persian poets embraced the ghazal, eventually\nmaking it their own. Consisting of syntactically and grammatically complete\ncouplets, the form also has an intricate rhyme scheme. Each couplet ends on\nthe same word or phrase (the radif), and is preceded by the couplet’s rhyming\nword (the qafia, which appears twice in the first couplet). The last couplet\nincludes a proper name, often of the poet’s. In the Persian tradition, each\ncouplet was of the same meter and length, and the subject matter included both\nerotic longing and religious belief or mysticism. English-language poets who\nhave composed in the form include Adrienne Rich, John Hollander, and Agha\nShahid Ali; see Ali’s “Tonight” and Patricia Smith’s “Hip-Hop Ghazal.”\n\nBrowse more ghazal poems.\n\nGnomic verse Poems laced with proverbs, aphorisms, or maxims. The term was\nfirst applied to Greek poets in the 6th century BCE and was practiced in\nmedieval Germany and England. See excerpts from the Exeter Book. Robert\nCreeley explored the genre in his contemporary “Gnomic Verses.”\n\nHaiku (or hokku) A Japanese verse form of three unrhyming lines in five,\nseven, and five syllables. It creates a single, memorable image, as in these\nlines by Kobayashi Issa, translated by Jane Hirshfield:\n\nOn a branch floating downriver a cricket, singing. (In translating from\nJapanese to English, Hirshfield compresses the number of syllables.)\n\nSee also “Three Haiku, Two Tanka” by Philip Appleman and Robert Hass’s “After\nthe Gentle Poet Kobayashi Issa.” The Imagist poets of the early 20th century,\nincluding Ezra Pound and H.D., showed appreciation for the form’s linguistic\nand sensory economy; Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro” embodies the spirit\nof haiku. Browse more haiku.\n\nHeroic couplet See couplet.\n\nHoratian ode See ode.\n\nHymn A poem praising God or the divine, often sung. In English, the most\npopular hymns were written between the 17th and 19th centuries. See Isaac\nWatts’s “Our God, Our Help,” Charles Wesley’s “My God! I Know, I Feel Thee\nMine,” and “Thou Hidden Love of God” by John Wesley.\n\nItalian sonnet See Sonnet.\n\nLament Any poem expressing deep grief, usually at the death of a loved one or\nsome other loss. Related to elegy and the dirge. See “A Lament” by Percy\nBysshe Shelley; Thom Gunn’s “Lament”; and Edna St. Vincent Millay’s “Lament.”\n\nLandays A form of folk poetry from Afghanistan. Meant to be recited or sung\naloud, and frequently anonymous, the form is a couplet comprised of 22\nsyllables. The first line has 9 syllables and the second line 13 syllables.\nLandays end on “ma” or “na” sounds and treat themes such as love, grief,\nhomeland, war, and separation. See Eliza Griswold’s extensive reporting on the\nform in the June 2013 issue of Poetry, in which she explains how the form was\ncreated by and for the more than 20 million Pashtun women who span the border\nbetween Afghanistan and Pakistan.\n\nLight verse Whimsical poems taking forms such as limericks, nonsense poems,\nand double dactyls. See Edward Lear’s “The Owl and the Pussy-Cat” and Lewis\nCarroll’s “The Walrus and the Carpenter.” Other masters of light verse include\nDorothy Parker, G.K. Chesterton, John Hollander, and Wendy Cope.\n\nLimerick A fixed light-verse form of five generally anapestic lines rhyming\nAABBA. Edward Lear, who popularized the form, fused the third and fourth lines\ninto a single line with internal rhyme. Limericks are traditionally bawdy or\njust irreverent; see “A Young Lady of Lynn” or Lear’s “There was an Old Man\nwith a Beard.” Browse more limericks.\n\nLyric Originally a composition meant for musical accompaniment. The term\nrefers to a short poem in which the poet, the poet’s persona, or another\nspeaker expresses personal feelings. See Robert Herrick’s “To Anthea, who May\nCommand Him Anything,” John Clare’s “I Hid My Love,” Louise Bogan’s “Song for\nthe Last Act,” or Louise Glück’s “Vita Nova.”\n\nMadrigal A song or short lyric poem intended for multiple singers. Originating\nin 14th-century Italy, it became popular in England in the late 15th and early\n16th centuries. It has no fixed metrical requirements. See “Rosalind’s\nMadrigal” by Thomas Lodge.\n\nMock epic A poem that plays with the conventions of the epic to comment on a\ntopic satirically. In “Mac Flecknoe,” John Dryden wittily flaunts his mastery\nof the epic genre to cut down a literary rival. Alexander Pope’s “The Rape of\nthe Lock” recasts a petty high-society scandal as a mythological battle for\nthe virtue of an innocent.\n\nOccasional poem A poem written to describe or comment on a particular event\nand often written for a public reading. Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “The Charge of\nthe Light Brigade” commemorates a disastrous battle in the Crimean War. George\nStarbuck wrote “Of Late” after reading a newspaper account of a Vietnam War\nprotester’s suicide. Elizabeth Alexander’s “Praise Song for the Day” was\nwritten for the inauguration of President Barack Obama. See also elegy,\nepithalamion, and ode.\n\nOctave An eight-line stanza or poem. See ottava rima and triolet. The first\neight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet are also called an octave.\n\nOde A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that addresses and often celebrates\na person, place, thing, or idea. Its stanza forms vary. The Greek or Pindaric\n(Pindar, ca. 552–442 B.C.E.) ode was a public poem, usually set to music, that\ncelebrated athletic victories. (See Stephen Burt’s article “And the Winner Is\n. . . Pindar!”) English odes written in the Pindaric tradition include Thomas\nGray’s “The Progress of Poesy: A Pindaric Ode” and William Wordsworth’s “Ode:\nIntimations of Immortality from Reflections of Early Childhood.” Horatian\nodes, after the Latin poet Horace (65–8 B.C.E.), were written in quatrains in\na more philosophical, contemplative manner; see Andrew Marvell’s “Horatian Ode\nupon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland.” The Sapphic ode consists of quatrains,\nthree 11-syllable lines, and a final five-syllable line, unrhyming but with a\nstrict meter. See Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “Sapphics.”\n\nThe odes of the English Romantic poets vary in stanza form. They often address\nan intense emotion at the onset of a personal crisis (see Samuel Taylor\nColeridge’s “Dejection: An Ode,”) or celebrate an object or image that leads\nto revelation (see John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” “Ode to a\nNightingale,” and “To Autumn”). Browse more odes.\n\nOttava rima Originally an Italian stanza of eight 11-syllable lines, with a\nrhyme scheme of ABABABCC. Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced the form in English, and\nLord Byron adapted it to a 10-syllable line for his mock-epic Don Juan. W.B.\nYeats used it for “Among School Children” and “Sailing to Byzantium.” Browse\nmore ottava rima poems.\n\nPalinode An ode or song that retracts or recants what the poet wrote in a\nprevious poem. For instance, Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales ends with\na retraction, in which he apologizes for the work’s “worldly vanitees” and\nsinful contents.\n\nPanegyric A poem of effusive praise. Its origins are Greek, and it is closely\nrelated to the eulogy and the ode. See Ben Jonson’s “To the Memory of My\nBeloved the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare” or Anne Bradstreet’s “In Honor of\nThat High and Mighty Princess, Queen Elizabeth.”\n\nPantoum A Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets and occasionally\nimitated in English. It comprises a series of quatrains, with the second and\nfourth lines of each quatrain repeated as the first and third lines of the\nnext. The second and fourth lines of the final stanza repeat the first and\nthird lines of the first stanza. See A.E. Stallings’s “Another Lullaby for\nInsomniacs.” Browse more pantoums.\n\nPastoral Verse in the tradition of Theocritus (3 BCE), who wrote idealized\naccounts of shepherds and their loves living simple, virtuous lives in\nArcadia, a mountainous region of Greece. Poets writing in English drew on the\npastoral tradition by retreating from the trappings of modernity to the\nimagined virtues and romance of rural life, as in Edmund Spenser’s The\nShepheardes Calendar, Christopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His\nLove,” and Sir Walter Ralegh’s response, “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.”\nThe pastoral poem faded after the European Industrial Revolution of the 18th\ncentury, but its themes persist in poems that romanticize rural life or\nreappraise the natural world; see Leonie Adams’s “Country Summer,” Dylan\nThomas’s “Fern Hill,” or Allen Ginsberg’s “Wales Visitation.” Browse more\npastoral poems.\n\nPattern poetry See Concrete poetry.\n\nPindaric ode See Ode.\n\nProse poem A prose composition that, while not broken into verse lines,\ndemonstrates other traits such as symbols, metaphors, and other figures of\nspeech common to poetry. See Amy Lowell’s “Bath,” “Metals Metals” by Russell\nEdson, “Information” by David Ignatow, and Harryette Mullen’s “[Kills bugs\ndead.]” Browse more prose poems.\n\nQuatrain A four-line stanza, rhyming -ABAC or ABCB (known as unbounded or\nballad quatrain), as in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient\nMariner.” -AABB (a double couplet); see A.E. Housman’s “To an Athlete Dying\nYoung.” -ABAB (known as interlaced, alternate, or heroic), as in Thomas Gray’s\n“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” or “Sadie and Maud” by Gwendolyn\nBrooks. -ABBA (known as envelope or enclosed), as in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s\n“In Memoriam” or John Ciardi’s “Most Like an Arch This Marriage.” -AABA, the\nstanza of Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.”\n\nBrowse poems with quatrains.\n\nRefrain A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at\nthe end of a stanza. See the refrain “jump back, honey, jump back” in Paul\nLawrence Dunbar’s “A Negro Love Song” or “return and return again” in James\nLaughlin’s “O Best of All Nights, Return and Return Again.” Browse poems with\na refrain.\n\nRenga A Japanese form composed of a series of half-tanka written by different\npoets. The opening stanza is the basis of the modern haiku form.\n\nRhyme royal (rime royale) A stanza of seven 10-syllable lines, rhyming\nABABBCC, popularized by Geoffrey Chaucer and termed “royal” because his\nimitator, James I of Scotland, employed it in his own verse. In addition to\nChaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, see Sir Thomas Wyatt’s “They flee from me” and\nWilliam Wordsworth’s “Resolution and Independence.”\n\nRomance French in origin, a genre of long narrative poetry about medieval\ncourtly culture and secret love. It triumphed in English with tales of\nchivalry such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The\nKnight’s Tale” and Troilus and Criseyde.\n\nRondeau Originating in France, a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of\nbetween 10 and 15 lines and three stanzas. It has only two rhymes, with the\nopening words used twice as an unrhyming refrain at the end of the second and\nthird stanzas. The 10-line version rhymes ABBAABc ABBAc (where the lower-case\n“c” stands for the refrain). The 15-line version often rhymes AABBA AABc\nAABAc. Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Now welcome, summer” at the close of The Parlement\nof Fowls is an example of a 13-line rondeau.\n\nA rondeau redoublé consists of six quatrains using two rhymes. The first\nquatrain consists of four refrain lines that are used, in sequence, as the\nlast lines of the next four quatrains, and a phrase from the first refrain is\nrepeated as a tail at the end of the final stanza. See Dorothy Parker’s\n“Roudeau Redoublé (and Scarcely Worth the Trouble at That).”\n\nRondel (roundel) A poetic form of 11 to 14 lines consisting of two rhymes and\nthe repetition of the first two lines in the middle of the poem and at its\nend. Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Roundel” is 11 lines in two stanzas.\n\nSapphic verse See ode.\n\nSestet A six-line stanza, or the final six lines of a 14-line Italian or\nPetrarchan sonnet.\n\nSestina A complex French verse form, usually unrhymed, consisting of six\nstanzas of six lines each and a three-line envoy. The end words of the first\nstanza are repeated in a different order as end words in each of the\nsubsequent five stanzas; the closing envoy contains all six words, two per\nline, placed in the middle and at the end of the three lines. The patterns of\nword repetition are as follows, with each number representing the final word\nof a line, and each row of numbers representing a stanza:\n\n1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 6 4 1 2 5 5 3 2 6 1 4 4 5 1 3 6 2 2 4 6 5 3 1 (6 2)\n(1 4) (5 3)\n\nSee Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Complaint of Lisa,\" John Ashbery’s “Farm\nImplements and Rutabagas in a Landscape,\" and David Ferry’s “The Guest Ellen\nat the Supper for Street People.\" Browse more sestinas.\n\nShakespearean sonnet See Sonnet.\n\nSijo A Korean verse form related to haiku and tanka and comprised of three\nlines of 14-16 syllables each, for a total of 44-46 syllables. Each line\ncontains a pause near the middle, similar to a caesura, though the break need\nnot be metrical. The first half of the line contains six to nine syllables;\nthe second half should contain no fewer than five. Originally intended as\nsongs, sijo can treat romantic, metaphysical, or spiritual themes. Whatever\nthe subject, the first line introduces an idea or story, the second supplies a\n“turn,” and the third provides closure. Modern sijo are sometimes printed in\nsix lines.\n\nSlam A competitive poetry performance in which selected audience members score\nperformers, and winners are determined by total points. Slam is a composite\ngenre that combines elements of poetry, theater, performance, and\nstorytelling. The genre’s origins can be traced to Chicago in the early 1980s.\nSince then, groups of volunteers have organized slams in venues across the\nworld. The first National Poetry Slam was held in 1990, and has become an\nannual event in which teams from cities across the United States compete at\nevents in a host city. For more on poetry slams, see Jeremy Richards’s series\n“Performing the Academy”. See also poets Tyehimba Jess, Bob Holman, and\nPatricia Smith.\n\nSonnet A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy and\nbrought to England by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, earl of Surrey in the\n16th century. Literally a “little song,” the sonnet traditionally reflects\nupon a single sentiment, with a clarification or “turn” of thought in its\nconcluding lines.\n\nThe Petrarchan sonnet, perfected by the Italian poet Petrarch, divides the 14\nlines into two sections: an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming ABBAABBA, and a\nsix-line stanza (sestet) rhyming CDCDCD or CDEEDE. John Milton’s “When I\nConsider How my Light Is Spent” and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “How Do I\nLove Thee” employ this form.\n\nThe Italian sonnet is an English variation on the traditional Petrarchan\nversion. The octave’s rhyme scheme is preserved, but the sestet rhymes CDDCEE.\nSee Thomas Wyatt’s “Whoso List to Hunt, I Know Where Is an Hind” and John\nDonne’s “If Poisonous Minerals, and If That Tree.”\n\nWyatt and Surrey developed the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet, which\ncondenses the 14 lines into one stanza of three quatrains and a concluding\ncouplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG (though poets have frequently\nvaried this scheme; see Wilfred Owen’s “Anthem for Doomed Youth”). George\nHerbert’s “Love (II),” Claude McKay’s “America,” and Molly Peacock’s\n“Altruism” are English sonnets.\n\nThese three types have given rise to many variations, including:\n\n-The caudate sonnet, which adds codas or tails to the 14-line poem. See Gerard Manley Hopkins’s “That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire.”\n\n-The curtal sonnet, a shortened version devised by Gerard Manley Hopkins that maintains the proportions of the Italian form, substituting two six-stress tercets for two quatrains in the octave (rhyming ABC ABC), and four and a half lines for the sestet (rhyming DEBDE), also six-stress except for the final three-stress line. See his poem “Pied Beauty.”\n\n-The sonnet redoublé, also known as a crown of sonnets, is composed of 15 sonnets that are linked by the repetition of the final line of one sonnet as the initial line of the next, and the final line of that sonnet as the initial line of the previous; the last sonnet consists of all the repeated lines of the previous 14 sonnets, in the same order in which they appeared. Marilyn Nelson’s A Wreath for Emmett Till is a contemporary example.\n\n-A sonnet sequence is a group of sonnets sharing the same subject matter and sometimes a dramatic situation and persona. See George Meredith’s Modern Love sequence, Sir Philip Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella, Rupert Brooke’s 1914 sequence, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese.\n\n-The Spenserian sonnet is a 14-line poem developed by Edmund Spenser in his Amoretti, that varies the English form by interlocking the three quatrains (ABAB BCBC CDCD EE).\n\n-The stretched sonnet is extended to 16 or more lines, such as those in George Meredith’s sequence Modern Love.\n\n-A submerged sonnet is tucked into a longer poetic work; see lines 235-48 of T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land.”\n\nBrowse more sonnets.\n\nSpenserian stanza The unit of Edmund Spenser’s long poem The Faerie Queene,\nconsisting of eight iambic-pentameter lines and a final alexandrine, with a\nrhyme scheme of ABABBCBCC. Later uses of this stanza form include John Keats’s\n“The Eve of St. Agnes,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Adonais,” and Alfred Lord\nTennyson’s “The Lotos-Eaters.”\n\nStanza A grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free\nverse, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in\nmood, time, or thought.\n\nSyllabic verse Poetry whose meter is determined by the total number of\nsyllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Marianne Moore’s\npoetry is mostly syllabic. Other examples include Thomas Nashe’s “Adieu,\nfarewell earth’s bliss” and Dylan Thomas’s “Poem in October.” Browse more\npoems in syllabic verse.\n\nTanka A Japanese form of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables—31 in\nall. See Philip Appleman’s “Three Haiku, Two Tanka.” See also renga.\n\nTercet A poetic unit of three lines, rhymed or unrhymed. Thomas Hardy’s “The\nConvergence of the Twain” rhymes AAA BBB; Ben Jonson’s “On Spies” is a three-\nline poem rhyming AAA; and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” is\nwritten in terza rima form. Examples of poems in unrhymed tercets include\nWallace Stevens’s “The Snow Man” and David Wagoner’s “For a Student Sleeping\nin a Poetry Workshop.”\n\nBrowse more poems with tercets.\n\nTerza rima An Italian stanzaic form, used most notably by Dante Alighieri in\nCommedia (The Divine Comedy), consisting of tercets with interwoven rhymes\n(ABA BCB DED EFE, and so on). A concluding couplet rhymes with the penultimate\nline of the last tercet. See Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,”\nDerek Walcott’s “The Bounty,” and Omeros, and Jacqueline Osherow’s “Autumn\nPsalm.”\n\nBrowse more poems in terza rima.\n\nTriolet An eight-line stanza having just two rhymes and repeating the first\nline as the fourth and seventh lines, and the second line as the eighth. See\nSandra McPherson’s “Triolet” or “Triolets in the Argolid” by Rachel Hadas.\n\nVerse As a mass noun, poetry in general; as a regular noun, a line of poetry.\nTypically used to refer to poetry that possesses more formal qualities.\n\nVerse paragraph A group of verse lines that make up a single rhetorical unit.\nIn longer poems, the first line is often indented, like a paragraph in prose.\nThe long narrative passages of John Milton’s Paradise Lost are verse\nparagraphs. The titled sections of Robert Pinsky’s “Essay on Psychiatrists”\ndemarcate shifts in focus and argument much as prose paragraphs would. A\nshorter lyric poem, even when broken into stanzas, could be considered a\nsingle verse paragraph, insofar as it expresses a unified mood or thought; see\nGail Mazur’s “Evening.”\n\nVillanelle A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a\nfinal quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating\nalternately in the following stanzas. These two refrain lines form the final\ncouplet in the quatrain. See “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan\nThomas, Elizabeth Bishop’s “One Art,” and Edwin Arlington Robinson’s “The\nHouse on the Hill.”\n\nBrowse more villanelles.\n\nNEWSLETTER SIGN-UP\n\nRSS Feeds\n\n * Articles\n * Poetry magazine\n * Harriet: News & Community\n * Poem of the Day\n * Audio Poem of the Day\n * Glossary Term of the Day\n\nNetwork\n\n * Find us on Facebook\n\n * Poetry Foundation\n * Poetry Foundation Children\n * Follow us on Twitter\n\n * Poetry Foundation\n * Poetry Magazine\n * Poetry News\n * Poetry Now\n\nSite Index\n\nPoems\n\n * Browse All Poems\n * Love Poems\n * Poems for Weddings\n * Children’s Poems\n\nPoets\n\n * 20th Century Poets\n * Women Poets\n\nFeatures\n\n * Articles\n * Audio & Podcasts\n * Video\n * Harriet: News & Community\n\nResources\n\n * Learning Lab\n * Glossary of Poetic Terms\n * Children’s Poetry\n * POETRY Mobile App\n\nPoetry magazine\n\n * Subscribe\n * Poetry magazine Archive\n * From the Editors: Blog\n * Submissions\n * About the Magazine\n * Advertising & Media Kit\n * Poetry magazine Prizes\n\nPrograms & Initiatives\n\n * Events\n * Awards\n * Foundation Library\n * HMPI\n * Media Partners & Affiliates\n * Poetry Out Loud\n\nAbout The Foundation\n\n * About Us\n * History and Mission\n * Press Releases\n * Plan a Visit\n * Staff & Board\n * Policies\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Jobs\n\nContact Poetry Foundation\n\nGeneral Inquiries | Poetry magazine | Media & Press | Harriet Monroe Poetry\nInstitute | 61 West Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60654\n\nHours: Monday–Friday 11 a.m.–4 p.m.\n\n© 2015 Poetry Foundation\n\nOriginally appeared in Poetry magazine.\n\nThis poem has learning resources.\n\nThis poem is good for children.\n\nThis poem has related video.\n\nThis poem has related audio.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.poeticmedicine.com:80/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161018150630/http://www.poeticmedicine.com:80/","parsed_text":{"title":"Overview of the Institute for Poetic Medicine,","passages":["We are here to awaken soulfulness in the human voice. Our site offers voices and resources regarding the healing power of poetry. We are collectively dedicated to nurture and strengthen the human capacity to creatively connect to Self, Other, Community, the Natural World and the Divine.","The Institute of Poetic Medicine offers tools and support to people to heal body, mind and spirit through the creative and therapeutic process of hearing, speaking and writing poetry.","We support John’s work throughout the US and internationally to teach, heal and promote the power of poetry to comfort and transform, inform and enrich both person and community.","We provide development in-services for those involved in helping professions such as pastoral care, medicine and education; we also provide inspiration and sustenance to community activists and organizers.","We are a resource center for the inspiring and useful ways poetry-as-healer makes a difference and applies to the varied facets of our lives.","On this website you will find all of these “rivers” and we hope you will take some time to find what interests, moves and motivates you to make poetry more a part of your life.","This reading will blossom out of the work done with John Fox and the Institute for Poetic Medicine. It will include teens, children, parents and care-givers who are part of Project Avary."]},"parsed_md":"Overview of the Institute for Poetic Medicine,\n\nFree IPM Journal\n\nJournal Archives\n\nDonate\n\nContact\n\nOverview\n\nCourses & Programs\n\nPoetry Partners\n\nPoetic Medicine in Action\n\nCommunity of Poets\n\nPoetic Medicine Bag\n\nPoems speak to us when nothing else will.\n\nPoetry helps us feel our lives rather than be numb.\n\nTHE INSTITUTE FOR\n\nPoetic Medicine\n\nTo Awaken Soulfulness in the Human Voice\n\n# Welcome!\n\nWe are here to awaken soulfulness in the human voice. Our site offers voices\nand resources regarding the healing power of poetry. We are collectively\ndedicated to nurture and strengthen the human capacity to creatively connect\nto Self, Other, Community, the Natural World and the Divine.\n\nCan poetry heal?\n\nThis documentary gives a resounding yes!\n\nThis PBS documentary tells the stories of patients whose lives have been\ndramatical\n\nAbout John Fox\n\nHow IPM Began\n\nTestimonials\n\nBoard & Advisory Board\n\nYour Support Counts\n\nAcross the wall of the world, A River sings a beautiful song, Come rest here\nby my side.\n\nGive birth again To the dream.\n\n—Maya Angelou\n\nfrom On the Pulse of Morning\n\nThe Institute of Poetic Medicine offers tools and support to people to heal\nbody, mind and spirit through the creative and therapeutic process of hearing,\nspeaking and writing poetry.\n\nThe work of IPM flows in the deep current of these rivers:\n\n * We fund Poetry Partner Programs that bring poetic medicine to people often considered at the margins.\n * We offer a 3-year Certified Training program that provides certification in the practice of poetry-as-healer.\n * We provide multiple-ways to respond and participate on-line as a way to grow an interactive IPM community.\n * We support John’s work throughout the US and internationally to teach, heal and promote the power of poetry to comfort and transform, inform and enrich both person and community.\n * We provide development in-services for those involved in helping professions such as pastoral care, medicine and education; we also provide inspiration and sustenance to community activists and organizers.\n * We are a resource center for the inspiring and useful ways poetry-as-healer makes a difference and applies to the varied facets of our lives.\n * Free Poetic Medicine Journal. A beautiful, inspiring and informative quarterly journal.\n\nOn this website you will find all of these “rivers” and we hope you will take\nsome time to find what interests, moves and motivates you to make poetry more\na part of your life.\n\nUPCOMING EVENTS\n\n____________________\n\nOctober 21-23, 2016 San Diego, CA\n\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal\n\nAt the home of Lynn Pollock and Ilan Awerbuch\n\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\n_____________________\n\nDecember 3, 2016 Avary Project Poetry Reading Saturday Evening San Rafael, CA\n\nAvary Project Poetry Readings\n\nThis reading will blossom out of the work done with John Fox and the Institute\nfor Poetic Medicine. It will include teens, children, parents and care-givers\nwho are part of Project Avary.\n\nOpen to the public. More details to come! Contact: Amy Deleon, Event\nCoordinator amy@projectavary.org 415-457-8799 x306 www.projectavary.org\n\n____________________\n\nDecember 9-11, 2016 Kirkridge Retreat Center Bangor, PA\n\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal - A Writing & Poetry Retreat\n\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\n____________________\n\nFebruary 17-20, 2017 Mepkin Abbey\n\nMoncks Corner, SC\n\nA Single Line Opens the Way:\n\nJoining Poetry with Trust to\n\nNourish and Deepen Conteplative Practice\n\nJohn Fox and Sally Z. Hare, co-leaders INFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\n____________________\n\nFebruary 22, 2017 Annual Assembly of Hospice and Palliative Care w/ American\nAcademy of Hospice and Palliative Care and the Hospice and Palliative Care\nNurses Association\n\nPhoenix, AZ\n\nPalliative Care and the Art of Poem Making: A Pathway to\n\nDeepen Dialogue with Ourselves, Our Patients, Our Colleagues\n\npresented by Dr. Mike Rabow, Redwing Keyssar, RN, John Fox, CPT and Merijane\nBlock\n\naahpm.org/meetings/assembly\n\n____________________\n\nFebruary 24-26, 2017 Talk and Weekend Retreat Phoenix, AZ\n\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal - A Writing & Poetry Retreat\n\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\nCOMMUNITY OF POETS\n\nLisa A. Bertsch Poet & Yoga Instructor\n\nJoe Milosch Retired Trail Locator for the Cleveland National Forest\n\nJohn Bowman Former Newspaper Editor\n\nCharles Perakis Family Physician\n\nNancy Story Poet & Community College Teacher\n\nDon Winslow Retired Chemical Research Engineer\n\nPOETIC MEDICINE IN ACTION\n\nBahareh Amidil American-Iranian 'Poetess of Light'\n\nJack Coulehan Poet and Physician\n\nRichard Rosenfield Psychological Mainstream\n\nMuhammad Shakoor Power of Poetry\n\nPower of Poetry\n\nPOETIC MEDICINE BAG\n\nResources by John Fox Books, DVD, CD, Essays, Interviews, YouTube\n\nReviewed and Recommended Books\n\nBooks by Poetry Partners\n\nBooks by Board and Advisory Members\n\nExercises to Stir Youtr Voice\n\nOur Favorite Links Resources for Poets Board Members Websites Highly\nRecommended Websites Poetry Therapy Resources Institutions Where John Fox\nTeaches\n\nIPM Apparel and Merchandise\n\nOVERVIEW\n\nUpcoming Events\n\nAbout John Fox\n\nBoard Members and Advisory Members\n\nYour Support Count\n\nHow IPM Began\n\nA Letter to You from John\n\nFree IPM Journal\n\nJournal Archives\n\nCOURSES & PROGRAMS\n\nCertified Training Program\n\nCo-sponsored Programs\n\nPrivate Consultations\n\nRetreat\n\nCONTACT US\n\nSocial Media Links\n\nWebsite Forms\n\nCopyright © 2006-2016 The Institute for Poetic Medicine and John Fox\n\nPOETRY PARTNERS\n\nLisa DuVouno Club House Project\n\nWayne Gilbert Unlocked: Discovering Inner Resources\n\nKrista Harrison Rediscover Project\n\nMerna Ann Hetch Youth Voices\n\nAnnie Holden Finding Voice\n\nJim Hornsby Project Star\n\nJudith Prest Finding Our Voices\n\nBrian Sunset Writing Our Relationship with Trees\n\nJacinta White The Word ProjectJacinta\n\nCindy Washabaugh Who Am I, Where I Live ...\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210905071726/https://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html","parsed_text":{"title":"536. Ode. Intimations of Immortality. William Wordsworth. The Oxford Book of English Verse","passages":["William Wordsworth. 1770–1850 536. Ode Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood THERE was a time when meadow, grove, and stream,","The earth, and every common sight, To me did seem Apparell'd in celestial light, The glory and the freshness of a dream.| 5 It is not now as it hath been of yore;— Turn wheresoe'er I may, By night or day, The things which I have seen I now can see no more. The rainbow comes and goes,| 10 And lovely is the rose; The moon doth with delight Look round her when the heavens are bare; Waters on a starry night Are beautiful and fair;| 15 The sunshine is a glorious birth; But yet I know, where'er I go, That there hath pass'd away a glory from the earth. Now, while the birds thus sing a joyous song, And while the young lambs bound| 20 As to the tabor's sound, To me alone there came a thought of grief: A timely utterance gave that thought relief, And I again am strong: The cataracts blow their trumpets from the steep;| 25 No more shall grief of mine the season wrong; I hear the echoes through the mountains throng, The winds come to me from the fields of sleep, And all the earth is gay; Land and sea| 30 Give themselves up to jollity, And with the heart of May Doth every beast keep holiday;— Thou Child of Joy, Shout round me, let me hear thy shouts, thou happy| 35 Shepherd-boy! Ye blessèd creatures, I have heard the call Ye to each other make; I see The heavens laugh with you in your jubilee; My heart is at your festival,| 40 My head hath its coronal, The fulness of your bliss, I feel—I feel it all. O evil day! if I were sullen While Earth herself is adorning, This sweet May-morning,| 45 And the children are culling On every side, In a thousand valleys far and wide, Fresh flowers; while the sun shines warm, And the babe leaps up on his mother's arm:—| 50 I hear, I hear, with joy I hear! —But there's a tree, of many, one, A single field which I have look'd upon, Both of them speak of something that is gone: The pansy at my feet| 55 Doth the same tale repeat: Whither is fled the visionary gleam? Where is it now, the glory and the dream? Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting: The Soul that rises with us, our life's Star,| 60 Hath had elsewhere its setting, And cometh from afar: Not in entire forgetfulness, And not in utter nakedness, But trailing clouds of glory do we come| 65 From God, who is our home: Heaven lies about us in our infancy! Shades of the prison-house begin to close Upon the growing Boy, But he beholds the light, and whence it flows,| 70 He sees it in his joy; The Youth, who daily farther from the east Must travel, still is Nature's priest, And by the vision splendid Is on his way attended;| 75 At length the Man perceives it die away, And fade into the light of common day. Earth fills her lap with pleasures of her own; Yearnings she hath in her own natural kind, And, even with something of a mother's mind,| 80 And no unworthy aim, The homely nurse doth all she can To make her foster-child, her Inmate Man, Forget the glories he hath known, And that imperial palace whence he came.| 85 Behold the Child among his new-born blisses, A six years' darling of a pigmy size! See, where 'mid work of his own hand he lies, Fretted by sallies of his mother's kisses, With light upon him from his father's eyes!| 90 See, at his feet, some little plan or chart, Some fragment from his dream of human life, Shaped by himself with newly-learnèd art; A wedding or a festival, A mourning or a funeral;| 95 And this hath now his heart, And unto this he frames his song: Then will he fit his tongue To dialogues of business, love, or strife; But it will not be long| 100 Ere this be thrown aside, And with new joy and pride The little actor cons another part; Filling from time to time his 'humorous stage' With all the Persons, down to palsied Age,| 105 That Life brings with her in her equipage; As if his whole vocation Were endless imitation. Thou, whose exterior semblance doth belie Thy soul's immensity;| 110 Thou best philosopher, who yet dost keep Thy heritage, thou eye among the blind, That, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep, Haunted for ever by the eternal mind,— Mighty prophet! Seer blest!| 115 On whom those truths do rest, Which we are toiling all our lives to find, In darkness lost, the darkness of the grave; Thou, over whom thy Immortality Broods like the Day, a master o'er a slave,| 120 A presence which is not to be put by; To whom the grave Is but a lonely bed without the sense or sight Of day or the warm light, A place of thought where we in waiting lie;| 125 Thou little Child, yet glorious in the might Of heaven-born freedom on thy being's height, Why with such earnest pains dost thou provoke The years to bring the inevitable yoke, Thus blindly with thy blessedness at strife?| 130 Full soon thy soul shall have her earthly freight, And custom lie upon thee with a weight, Heavy as frost, and deep almost as life! O joy! that in our embers Is something that doth live,| 135 That nature yet remembers What was so fugitive! The thought of our past years in me doth breed Perpetual benediction: not indeed For that which is most worthy to be blest—| 140 Delight and liberty, the simple creed Of childhood, whether busy or at rest, With new-fledged hope still fluttering in his breast:— Not for these I raise The song of thanks and praise;| 145 But for those obstinate questionings Of sense and outward things, Fallings from us, vanishings; Blank misgivings of a Creature Moving about in worlds not realized,| 150 High instincts before which our mortal Nature Did tremble like a guilty thing surprised: But for those first affections, Those shadowy recollections, Which, be they what they may,| 155 Are yet the fountain-light of all our day, Are yet a master-light of all our seeing; Uphold us, cherish, and have power to make Our noisy years seem moments in the being Of the eternal Silence: truths that wake,| 160 To perish never: Which neither listlessness, nor mad endeavour, Nor Man nor Boy, Nor all that is at enmity with joy, Can utterly abolish or destroy!| 165 Hence in a season of calm weather Though inland far we be, Our souls have sight of that immortal sea Which brought us hither, Can in a moment travel thither,| 170 And see the children sport upon the shore, And hear the mighty waters rolling evermore. Then sing, ye birds, sing, sing a joyous song! And let the young lambs bound As to the tabor's sound!| 175 We in thought will join your throng, Ye that pipe and ye that play, Ye that through your hearts to-day Feel the gladness of the May! What though the radiance which was once so bright| 180 Be now for ever taken from my sight, Though nothing can bring back the hour Of splendour in the grass, of glory in the flower; We will grieve not, rather find Strength in what remains behind;| 185 In the primal sympathy Which having been must ever be; In the soothing thoughts that spring Out of human suffering; In the faith that looks through death,| 190 In years that bring the philosophic mind. And O ye Fountains, Meadows, Hills, and Groves, Forebode not any severing of our loves! Yet in my heart of hearts I feel your might; I only have relinquish'd one delight| 195 To live beneath your more habitual sway. I love the brooks which down their channels fret, Even more than when I tripp'd lightly as they; The innocent brightness of a new-born Day Is lovely yet;| 200 The clouds that gather round the setting sun Do take a sober colouring from an eye That hath kept watch o'er man's mortality; Another race hath been, and other palms are won. Thanks to the human heart by which we live,| 205 Thanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears, To me the meanest flower that blows can give Thoughts that do often lie too deep for tears. CONTENTS · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD"]},"parsed_md":"536\\. Ode. Intimations of Immortality. William Wordsworth. The Oxford Book of\nEnglish Verse\n\n| Arthur Quiller-Couch, ed. 1919. The Oxford Book of English Verse: 1250–1900. \n--- \nWilliam Wordsworth. 1770–1850 \n536\\. Ode Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood \nTHERE was a time when meadow, grove, and stream, \n--- \nThe earth, and every common sight, \nTo me did seem \nApparell'd in celestial light, \nThe glory and the freshness of a dream.| 5 \nIt is not now as it hath been of yore;— \nTurn wheresoe'er I may, \nBy night or day, \nThe things which I have seen I now can see no more. \nThe rainbow comes and goes,| 10 \nAnd lovely is the rose; \nThe moon doth with delight \nLook round her when the heavens are bare; \nWaters on a starry night \nAre beautiful and fair;| 15 \nThe sunshine is a glorious birth; \nBut yet I know, where'er I go, \nThat there hath pass'd away a glory from the earth. \nNow, while the birds thus sing a joyous song, \nAnd while the young lambs bound| 20 \nAs to the tabor's sound, \nTo me alone there came a thought of grief: \nA timely utterance gave that thought relief, \nAnd I again am strong: \nThe cataracts blow their trumpets from the steep;| 25 \nNo more shall grief of mine the season wrong; \nI hear the echoes through the mountains throng, \nThe winds come to me from the fields of sleep, \nAnd all the earth is gay; \nLand and sea| 30 \nGive themselves up to jollity, \nAnd with the heart of May \nDoth every beast keep holiday;— \nThou Child of Joy, \nShout round me, let me hear thy shouts, thou happy| 35 \nShepherd-boy! \nYe blessèd creatures, I have heard the call \nYe to each other make; I see \nThe heavens laugh with you in your jubilee; \nMy heart is at your festival,| 40 \nMy head hath its coronal, \nThe fulness of your bliss, I feel—I feel it all. \nO evil day! if I were sullen \nWhile Earth herself is adorning, \nThis sweet May-morning,| 45 \nAnd the children are culling \nOn every side, \nIn a thousand valleys far and wide, \nFresh flowers; while the sun shines warm, \nAnd the babe leaps up on his mother's arm:—| 50 \nI hear, I hear, with joy I hear! \n—But there's a tree, of many, one, \nA single field which I have look'd upon, \nBoth of them speak of something that is gone: \nThe pansy at my feet| 55 \nDoth the same tale repeat: \nWhither is fled the visionary gleam? \nWhere is it now, the glory and the dream? \nOur birth is but a sleep and a forgetting: \nThe Soul that rises with us, our life's Star,| 60 \nHath had elsewhere its setting, \nAnd cometh from afar: \nNot in entire forgetfulness, \nAnd not in utter nakedness, \nBut trailing clouds of glory do we come| 65 \nFrom God, who is our home: \nHeaven lies about us in our infancy! \nShades of the prison-house begin to close \nUpon the growing Boy, \nBut he beholds the light, and whence it flows,| 70 \nHe sees it in his joy; \nThe Youth, who daily farther from the east \nMust travel, still is Nature's priest, \nAnd by the vision splendid \nIs on his way attended;| 75 \nAt length the Man perceives it die away, \nAnd fade into the light of common day. \nEarth fills her lap with pleasures of her own; \nYearnings she hath in her own natural kind, \nAnd, even with something of a mother's mind,| 80 \nAnd no unworthy aim, \nThe homely nurse doth all she can \nTo make her foster-child, her Inmate Man, \nForget the glories he hath known, \nAnd that imperial palace whence he came.| 85 \nBehold the Child among his new-born blisses, \nA six years' darling of a pigmy size! \nSee, where 'mid work of his own hand he lies, \nFretted by sallies of his mother's kisses, \nWith light upon him from his father's eyes!| 90 \nSee, at his feet, some little plan or chart, \nSome fragment from his dream of human life, \nShaped by himself with newly-learnèd art; \nA wedding or a festival, \nA mourning or a funeral;| 95 \nAnd this hath now his heart, \nAnd unto this he frames his song: \nThen will he fit his tongue \nTo dialogues of business, love, or strife; \nBut it will not be long| 100 \nEre this be thrown aside, \nAnd with new joy and pride \nThe little actor cons another part; \nFilling from time to time his 'humorous stage' \nWith all the Persons, down to palsied Age,| 105 \nThat Life brings with her in her equipage; \nAs if his whole vocation \nWere endless imitation. \nThou, whose exterior semblance doth belie \nThy soul's immensity;| 110 \nThou best philosopher, who yet dost keep \nThy heritage, thou eye among the blind, \nThat, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep, \nHaunted for ever by the eternal mind,— \nMighty prophet! Seer blest!| 115 \nOn whom those truths do rest, \nWhich we are toiling all our lives to find, \nIn darkness lost, the darkness of the grave; \nThou, over whom thy Immortality \nBroods like the Day, a master o'er a slave,| 120 \nA presence which is not to be put by; \nTo whom the grave \nIs but a lonely bed without the sense or sight \nOf day or the warm light, \nA place of thought where we in waiting lie;| 125 \nThou little Child, yet glorious in the might \nOf heaven-born freedom on thy being's height, \nWhy with such earnest pains dost thou provoke \nThe years to bring the inevitable yoke, \nThus blindly with thy blessedness at strife?| 130 \nFull soon thy soul shall have her earthly freight, \nAnd custom lie upon thee with a weight, \nHeavy as frost, and deep almost as life! \nO joy! that in our embers \nIs something that doth live,| 135 \nThat nature yet remembers \nWhat was so fugitive! \nThe thought of our past years in me doth breed \nPerpetual benediction: not indeed \nFor that which is most worthy to be blest—| 140 \nDelight and liberty, the simple creed \nOf childhood, whether busy or at rest, \nWith new-fledged hope still fluttering in his breast:— \nNot for these I raise \nThe song of thanks and praise;| 145 \nBut for those obstinate questionings \nOf sense and outward things, \nFallings from us, vanishings; \nBlank misgivings of a Creature \nMoving about in worlds not realized,| 150 \nHigh instincts before which our mortal Nature \nDid tremble like a guilty thing surprised: \nBut for those first affections, \nThose shadowy recollections, \nWhich, be they what they may,| 155 \nAre yet the fountain-light of all our day, \nAre yet a master-light of all our seeing; \nUphold us, cherish, and have power to make \nOur noisy years seem moments in the being \nOf the eternal Silence: truths that wake,| 160 \nTo perish never: \nWhich neither listlessness, nor mad endeavour, \nNor Man nor Boy, \nNor all that is at enmity with joy, \nCan utterly abolish or destroy!| 165 \nHence in a season of calm weather \nThough inland far we be, \nOur souls have sight of that immortal sea \nWhich brought us hither, \nCan in a moment travel thither,| 170 \nAnd see the children sport upon the shore, \nAnd hear the mighty waters rolling evermore. \nThen sing, ye birds, sing, sing a joyous song! \nAnd let the young lambs bound \nAs to the tabor's sound!| 175 \nWe in thought will join your throng, \nYe that pipe and ye that play, \nYe that through your hearts to-day \nFeel the gladness of the May! \nWhat though the radiance which was once so bright| 180 \nBe now for ever taken from my sight, \nThough nothing can bring back the hour \nOf splendour in the grass, of glory in the flower; \nWe will grieve not, rather find \nStrength in what remains behind;| 185 \nIn the primal sympathy \nWhich having been must ever be; \nIn the soothing thoughts that spring \nOut of human suffering; \nIn the faith that looks through death,| 190 \nIn years that bring the philosophic mind. \nAnd O ye Fountains, Meadows, Hills, and Groves, \nForebode not any severing of our loves! \nYet in my heart of hearts I feel your might; \nI only have relinquish'd one delight| 195 \nTo live beneath your more habitual sway. \nI love the brooks which down their channels fret, \nEven more than when I tripp'd lightly as they; \nThe innocent brightness of a new-born Day \nIs lovely yet;| 200 \nThe clouds that gather round the setting sun \nDo take a sober colouring from an eye \nThat hath kept watch o'er man's mortality; \nAnother race hath been, and other palms are won. \nThanks to the human heart by which we live,| 205 \nThanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears, \nTo me the meanest flower that blows can give \nThoughts that do often lie too deep for tears. \nCONTENTS · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD \n--- \n| PREVIOUS| NEXT \n---|--- \nShakespeare · Bible · Strunk · Anatomy · Nonfiction · Quotations · Reference ·\nFiction · Poetry \n© 1993–2020 Bartleby.com · [Top 150] · Subjects · Titles · Authors · World Lit\n· Free Essays · Cookie Settings\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211107190535/http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html","parsed_text":{"title":"SCENE VII. The forest.","passages":["If he, compact of jars, grow musical, We shall have shortly discord in the spheres. Go, seek him: tell him I would speak with him.","Why, how now, monsieur! what a life is this, That your poor friends must woo your company? What, you look merrily!","A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest, A motley fool; a miserable world! As I do live by food, I met a fool Who laid him down and bask'd him in the sun, And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, In good set terms and yet a motley fool. 'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. 'No, sir,' quoth he, 'Call me not fool till heaven hath sent me fortune:' And then he drew a dial from his poke, And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye, Says very wisely, 'It is ten o'clock: Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags: 'Tis but an hour ago since it was nine, And after one hour more 'twill be eleven; And so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe, And then, from hour to hour, we rot and rot; And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear The motley fool thus moral on the time, My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, That fools should be so deep-contemplative, And I did laugh sans intermission An hour by his dial. O noble fool! A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear.","O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier, And says, if ladies be but young and fair, They have the gift to know it: and in his brain, Which is as dry as the remainder biscuit After a voyage, he hath strange places cramm'd With observation, the which he vents In mangled forms. O that I were a fool! I am ambitious for a motley coat.","It is my only suit; Provided that you weed your better judgments Of all opinion that grows rank in them That I am wise. I must have liberty Withal, as large a charter as the wind, To blow on whom I please; for so fools have; And they that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh. And why, sir, must they so? The 'why' is plain as way to parish church: He that a fool doth very wisely hit Doth very foolishly, although he smart, Not to seem senseless of the bob: if not, The wise man's folly is anatomized Even by the squandering glances of the fool. Invest me in my motley; give me leave To speak my mind, and I will through and through Cleanse the foul body of the infected world, If they will patiently receive my medicine.","Most mischievous foul sin, in chiding sin: For thou thyself hast been a libertine, As sensual as the brutish sting itself; And all the embossed sores and headed evils, That thou with licence of free foot hast caught, Wouldst thou disgorge into the general world.","Why, who cries out on pride, That can therein tax any private party? Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea, Till that the weary very means do ebb? What woman in the city do I name, When that I say the city-woman bears The cost of princes on unworthy shoulders? Who can come in and say that I mean her, When such a one as she such is her neighbour? Or what is he of basest function That says his bravery is not of my cost, Thinking that I mean him, but therein suits His folly to the mettle of my speech? There then; how then? what then? Let me see wherein My tongue hath wrong'd him: if it do him right, Then he hath wrong'd himself; if he be free, Why then my taxing like a wild-goose flies, Unclaim'd of any man. But who comes here?","Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy distress, Or else a rude despiser of good manners, That in civility thou seem'st so empty?","You touch'd my vein at first: the thorny point Of bare distress hath ta'en from me the show Of smooth civility: yet am I inland bred And know some nurture. But forbear, I say: He dies that touches any of this fruit Till I and my affairs are answered.","Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: I thought that all things had been savage here; And therefore put I on the countenance Of stern commandment. But whate'er you are That in this desert inaccessible, Under the shade of melancholy boughs, Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time If ever you have look'd on better days, If ever been where bells have knoll'd to church, If ever sat at any good man's feast, If ever from your eyelids wiped a tear And know what 'tis to pity and be pitied, Let gentleness my strong enforcement be: In the which hope I blush, and hide my sword.","True is it that we have seen better days, And have with holy bell been knoll'd to church And sat at good men's feasts and wiped our eyes Of drops that sacred pity hath engender'd: And therefore sit you down in gentleness And take upon command what help we have That to your wanting may be minister'd.","Then but forbear your food a little while, Whiles, like a doe, I go to find my fawn And give it food. There is an old poor man, Who after me hath many a weary step Limp'd in pure love: till he be first sufficed, Oppress'd with two weak evils, age and hunger, I will not touch a bit.","Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy: This wide and universal theatre Presents more woeful pageants than the scene Wherein we play in.","All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms. And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel And shining morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school. And then the lover, Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier, Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard, Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice, In fair round belly with good capon lined, With eyes severe and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saws and modern instances; And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon, With spectacles on nose and pouch on side, His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble, pipes And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all, That ends this strange eventful history, Is second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.","Welcome; fall to: I will not trouble you As yet, to question you about your fortunes. Give us some music; and, good cousin, sing. SONG.","Blow, blow, thou winter wind. Thou art not so unkind As man's ingratitude; Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen, Although thy breath be rude. Heigh-ho! sing, heigh-ho! unto the green holly: Most friendship is feigning, most loving mere folly: Then, heigh-ho, the holly! This life is most jolly. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, That dost not bite so nigh As benefits forgot: Though thou the waters warp, Thy sting is not so sharp As friend remember'd not. Heigh-ho! sing, & c.","If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son, As you have whisper'd faithfully you were, And as mine eye doth his effigies witness Most truly limn'd and living in your face, Be truly welcome hither: I am the duke That loved your father: the residue of your fortune, Go to my cave and tell me. Good old man, Thou art right welcome as thy master is. Support him by the arm. Give me your hand, And let me all your fortunes understand."]},"parsed_md":"SCENE VII. The forest.\n\nAs You Like It \n--- \nShakespeare homepage | As You Like It | Act 2, Scene 7 Previous scene | Next\nscene \n \n### SCENE VII. The forest.\n\n> A table set out. Enter DUKE SENIOR, AMIENS, and Lords like outlaws\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> I think he be transform'd into a beast; For I can no where find him like a\n> man.\n\nFirst Lord\n\n> My lord, he is but even now gone hence: Here was he merry, hearing of a\n> song.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> If he, compact of jars, grow musical, We shall have shortly discord in the\n> spheres. Go, seek him: tell him I would speak with him.\n>\n> Enter JAQUES\n\nFirst Lord\n\n> He saves my labour by his own approach.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Why, how now, monsieur! what a life is this, That your poor friends must woo\n> your company? What, you look merrily!\n\nJAQUES\n\n> A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest, A motley fool; a miserable\n> world! As I do live by food, I met a fool Who laid him down and bask'd him\n> in the sun, And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, In good set terms and\n> yet a motley fool. 'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. 'No, sir,' quoth he, 'Call\n> me not fool till heaven hath sent me fortune:' And then he drew a dial from\n> his poke, And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye, Says very wisely, 'It is\n> ten o'clock: Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags: 'Tis but an\n> hour ago since it was nine, And after one hour more 'twill be eleven; And\n> so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe, And then, from hour to hour, we rot\n> and rot; And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear The motley fool thus\n> moral on the time, My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, That fools\n> should be so deep-contemplative, And I did laugh sans intermission An hour\n> by his dial. O noble fool! A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> What fool is this?\n\nJAQUES\n\n> O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier, And says, if ladies be but\n> young and fair, They have the gift to know it: and in his brain, Which is as\n> dry as the remainder biscuit After a voyage, he hath strange places cramm'd\n> With observation, the which he vents In mangled forms. O that I were a fool!\n> I am ambitious for a motley coat.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Thou shalt have one.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> It is my only suit; Provided that you weed your better judgments Of all\n> opinion that grows rank in them That I am wise. I must have liberty Withal,\n> as large a charter as the wind, To blow on whom I please; for so fools have;\n> And they that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh. And why,\n> sir, must they so? The 'why' is plain as way to parish church: He that a\n> fool doth very wisely hit Doth very foolishly, although he smart, Not to\n> seem senseless of the bob: if not, The wise man's folly is anatomized Even\n> by the squandering glances of the fool. Invest me in my motley; give me\n> leave To speak my mind, and I will through and through Cleanse the foul body\n> of the infected world, If they will patiently receive my medicine.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Fie on thee! I can tell what thou wouldst do.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> What, for a counter, would I do but good?\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Most mischievous foul sin, in chiding sin: For thou thyself hast been a\n> libertine, As sensual as the brutish sting itself; And all the embossed\n> sores and headed evils, That thou with licence of free foot hast caught,\n> Wouldst thou disgorge into the general world.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> Why, who cries out on pride, That can therein tax any private party? Doth it\n> not flow as hugely as the sea, Till that the weary very means do ebb? What\n> woman in the city do I name, When that I say the city-woman bears The cost\n> of princes on unworthy shoulders? Who can come in and say that I mean her,\n> When such a one as she such is her neighbour? Or what is he of basest\n> function That says his bravery is not of my cost, Thinking that I mean him,\n> but therein suits His folly to the mettle of my speech? There then; how\n> then? what then? Let me see wherein My tongue hath wrong'd him: if it do him\n> right, Then he hath wrong'd himself; if he be free, Why then my taxing like\n> a wild-goose flies, Unclaim'd of any man. But who comes here?\n>\n> Enter ORLANDO, with his sword drawn\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Forbear, and eat no more.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> Why, I have eat none yet.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Nor shalt not, till necessity be served.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> Of what kind should this cock come of?\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy distress, Or else a rude despiser of\n> good manners, That in civility thou seem'st so empty?\n\nORLANDO\n\n> You touch'd my vein at first: the thorny point Of bare distress hath ta'en\n> from me the show Of smooth civility: yet am I inland bred And know some\n> nurture. But forbear, I say: He dies that touches any of this fruit Till I\n> and my affairs are answered.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> An you will not be answered with reason, I must die.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> What would you have? Your gentleness shall force More than your force move\n> us to gentleness.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> I almost die for food; and let me have it.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Sit down and feed, and welcome to our table.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: I thought that all things had\n> been savage here; And therefore put I on the countenance Of stern\n> commandment. But whate'er you are That in this desert inaccessible, Under\n> the shade of melancholy boughs, Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time\n> If ever you have look'd on better days, If ever been where bells have\n> knoll'd to church, If ever sat at any good man's feast, If ever from your\n> eyelids wiped a tear And know what 'tis to pity and be pitied, Let\n> gentleness my strong enforcement be: In the which hope I blush, and hide my\n> sword.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> True is it that we have seen better days, And have with holy bell been\n> knoll'd to church And sat at good men's feasts and wiped our eyes Of drops\n> that sacred pity hath engender'd: And therefore sit you down in gentleness\n> And take upon command what help we have That to your wanting may be\n> minister'd.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Then but forbear your food a little while, Whiles, like a doe, I go to find\n> my fawn And give it food. There is an old poor man, Who after me hath many a\n> weary step Limp'd in pure love: till he be first sufficed, Oppress'd with\n> two weak evils, age and hunger, I will not touch a bit.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Go find him out, And we will nothing waste till you return.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> I thank ye; and be blest for your good comfort!\n>\n> Exit\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy: This wide and universal theatre\n> Presents more woeful pageants than the scene Wherein we play in.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have\n> their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts,\n> His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the\n> nurse's arms. And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel And shining\n> morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,\n> Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad Made to his mistress' eyebrow.\n> Then a soldier, Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard, Jealous in\n> honour, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in\n> the cannon's mouth. And then the justice, In fair round belly with good\n> capon lined, With eyes severe and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saws and\n> modern instances; And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts Into the\n> lean and slipper'd pantaloon, With spectacles on nose and pouch on side, His\n> youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his\n> big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble, pipes And whistles in\n> his sound. Last scene of all, That ends this strange eventful history, Is\n> second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste,\n> sans everything.\n>\n> Re-enter ORLANDO, with ADAM\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Welcome. Set down your venerable burthen, And let him feed.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> I thank you most for him.\n\nADAM\n\n> So had you need: I scarce can speak to thank you for myself.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Welcome; fall to: I will not trouble you As yet, to question you about your\n> fortunes. Give us some music; and, good cousin, sing. SONG.\n\nAMIENS\n\n> Blow, blow, thou winter wind. Thou art not so unkind As man's ingratitude;\n> Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen, Although thy breath be\n> rude. Heigh-ho! sing, heigh-ho! unto the green holly: Most friendship is\n> feigning, most loving mere folly: Then, heigh-ho, the holly! This life is\n> most jolly. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, That dost not bite so nigh As\n> benefits forgot: Though thou the waters warp, Thy sting is not so sharp As\n> friend remember'd not. Heigh-ho! sing, & c.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son, As you have whisper'd\n> faithfully you were, And as mine eye doth his effigies witness Most truly\n> limn'd and living in your face, Be truly welcome hither: I am the duke That\n> loved your father: the residue of your fortune, Go to my cave and tell me.\n> Good old man, Thou art right welcome as thy master is. Support him by the\n> arm. Give me your hand, And let me all your fortunes understand.\n>\n> Exeunt\n>\n> Shakespeare homepage | As You Like It | Act 2, Scene 7 Previous scene | Next\n> scene \n> ---\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305073641/https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It’s often been said that a picture is worth a thousand words. But when the words are poetic—full of imagery, metaphors, and rhythm—they’re much more powerful.\",\n \"Biblio/poetry therapy, one of the creative arts therapies, is the use of the written word (although it may be read out loud) to bring healing and personal growth.\",\n \"According to the National Association for Poetry Therapy, a worldwide community of poets, writers, journal keepers, helping professionals, health care professionals, and others who recognize the healing power of language, poetry therapy has primitive roots. Shamans and witch doctors chanted poetry for the well-being of the tribe or individual.\",\n \"The Roman physician Soranus prescribed tragedy for his manic patients and comedy for the depressed ones—and can be called the first poetry therapist on record. Dr. Benjamin Rush, called the “Father of American Psychiatry,” used music and literature as complementary treatments. His patients published their own writings in their newspaper.\",\n \"Although there is some disagreement, many consider bibliotherapy—interactive use of literature—a subcategory of poetry therapy. The National Federation for Biblio/Poetry Therapy, incorporated in 1963, sets standards of excellence in the training and credentialing of practitioners in both fields. Practitioners may be credentialed as certified applied poetry facilitators, certified poetry therapists, or registered poetry therapists.\",\n \"Some poetry and bibliotherapists are also active in the National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies Associations, which hosts an annual conference of all the arts therapies.\",\n \"Bibliotherapy was first adopted by librarians, who saw value in the practice of selecting and using specific books helpful to psychiatric patients. Dr. Karl Menninger collaborated with the librarians in his hospital, because he felt they knew the patients better.\",\n \"Poet Eli Griefer in the late 1920s started a “poemtherapy” group as a volunteer at Creedmore State Hospital. Much later, in 1959, he facilitated a poetry therapy group at Cumberland Hospital with two supervising psychiatrists, Dr. Jack J. Leedy and Dr. Sam Spector. Leedy’s efforts led to the creation of the Association for Poetry Therapy, parent of today’s Association. He also published what social work professor and poetry therapist Nick Mazza, Ph.D., calls “the first significant book on poetry therapy.”\",\n \"Compared with art therapy and music therapy, biblio/poetry therapy is a small field, with practitioners more in the hundreds than thousands, according to Mazza, Patricia V. Vance Professor of Social Work at Florida State University, author, and editor of the Journal of Poetry Therapy. “We’re the new kid on the block [in terms of an organized field]. But it’s catching up,” he says. “We have a code of ethics. The journal gives us credibility.”\",\n \"Poetry therapy is used in three major domains, he explains. The receptive- prescriptive uses preexisting poetry or literature to elicit responses. The expressive-creative gives a client or group the chance to write, whether it’s poetry or letters. “This is an effective way to cope with spontaneous tragedy,” he says. “There’s a lot of hard research about the health effects of writing—for example, in the writings of James Pennebaker.”\",\n \"A third usage is the symbolic-ceremonial, which is connected to the power of ritual or symbols. “If someone is struggling with a loss, that person might write a letter to the person who’s gone,” Mazza explains. “It also works with community tragedies. A lot of people wrote and drew after Columbine, but it became ceremonial when they posted it.”\",\n \"In his past private practice—now he largely does workshops and consultation—Mazza found poetry therapy is effective with many different populations: children, the elderly, hospice and hospital patients, the homeless, and survivors of sexual assault.\",\n \"“It doesn’t work with all people and all situations,” he says. “And as Jerome Frank, the social psychologist, said, anything that has the power to heal has the power to harm. The timing is important. We also have to ask if a person is ready for a group. Young children might be more responsive with art therapy. But I use poetry therapy a lot. It cuts across modalities—with individuals, couples, families, groups, and community.”\",\n \"Although Nancy Scherlong became a social worker, she was a writer years ago, trained to be an English teacher and poet. With a minor in psychology, she had heard about poetry therapy and “switched gears.” Currently, she is in full- time private practice.\",\n \"“I do a lot of writing intervention in bereavement,” she says. “If a person didn’t have a chance to say good-bye, I encourage writing a letter. We also use scrapbooks of photos and memories. The first year is hard, especially around the holidays.”\",\n \"Previously, Scherlong did therapy with kids 4-21 in a foster care facility and used writing, especially fairy tales and the force of magic. She worked with them individually and in sibling groups. The kids would write about themselves but not as themselves, which was “less threatening,” she says. “It was fiction, but all about them. Writing helps people feel less vulnerable, but not directly. It’s a third thing to focus on. Poetry is metaphorical; it doesn’t have to be literally true but can use symbolic or vague images.”\",\n \"Writing poetry or stories diminishes anxiety and reveals more than talking otherwise might, she adds, “although it’s not quite as revealing [directly] as expository writing.”\",\n \"At the end of the poetry groups, Scherlong would help clients put together a “chat book” and a performance—at which they got to read their pieces.\",\n \"In addition to the three modalities described by Mazza, she believes there is a fourth—asking clients to take existing poems and discuss what poem they would write if it were their own. “This can be a catalyst, especially with bereavement, since people have walked that road before,” says Scherlong. “It can decrease a sense of isolation.”\",\n \"Poetry therapy can even be effective with people not considered to be very articulate. Early in her career, Scherlong worked with developmentally disabled children who “couldn’t write but could dictate” so she could write, Scherlong recalls. Elderly people with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease can often still tell a “coherent story or fantasy” that has meaning for them, and those with or without memory loss might want to create a memoir.\",\n \"“Poetry therapy should match the cognitive and literacy level of the client and meet the person where he or she is—with an eye toward the future,” Scherlong says.\",\n \"Alma Rolfs, a clinical social worker of more than 30 years’ duration who is a long-standing member of NAPT, isn’t using poetry therapy separately with her clients. She does work it into regular psychotherapy sessions in her practice with adults and couples.\",\n \"However, in the past, Rolfs did poetry therapy with both in- and outpatient psychiatric patients, with the chemically addicted, postpartum women, and children, as well as training and workshops regarding poetry therapy. Now she does more educating and training.\",\n \"Rolfs calls poetry therapy an “absolutely marvelous treatment modality,” combining the strengths of all the creative arts therapies in accessing uncensored material and responding on a deep level without the use of [their] words. “For many people, the words are the really awkward part of treatment,” Rolfs says. “The use of literature and creative writing allows freedom and creativity with language the clients don’t think they have the capacity for. This is both self-esteem-building and life-affirming.”\",\n \"In the classic sequence of biblio/poetry therapy, the therapist offers a piece of literature or lyric that stimulates a response and then invites the client’s own “creative act”—writing of one’s own. This can be done in individual practice or in group, although it’s usually more “spontaneous” in the former and requires more planning in a group. “It can be democratizing with groups,” Rolfs says, “in that everyone makes a contribution. It’s been remarkably effective with any of the groups I’ve worked with.”\",\n \"With individuals, she adds, you have to fit the technique to a particular type of person. A very intellectually “defended” person may be less responsive in therapy, but a poem may be able to cut through that defense,” she says. “If a poem can cut through, that can be very effective. It’s especially useful in cutting through the sense of inadequacy or intellectual defense.”\",\n \"Peggy Heller loved poetry and words as a child. For 16 years, she worked as a tutor/teacher for Stanley Kaplan Educational Services. She had studied speech pathology in college, then trained in biblio/poetry therapy and became a mental health professional. Heller has held multiple positions in the poetry association, including president.\",\n \"She has applied poetry therapy in psychiatric and regular hospitals, with recently deinstitutionalized patients, and at a center for young people with dual diagnosis of mental retardation and schizophrenia. One poem she found to be “sure fire,” even with developmentally disabled kids, is Eve Miriam’s “How To Eat a Poem,” dealing with metaphorical meaning.\",\n \"“I used children’s stories the kids could relate to and held up pictures, the way we do with kids in the library,” says Heller, who more recently has been in private practice. “The key is that even minimally verbal people can pay attention even in the moment, and there’s value in it. I trained with the most severely schizophrenic people who had been hospitalized for decades. We created progress in such minute steps.”\",\n \"Biblio/poetry therapy can also be effective with older people, who find life review and communication of their values meaningful, she adds. It can help poets and writers during “blank” periods, as well.\",\n \"An MSW, Phyllis Klein moved to California to work with an outpatient mental health clinic. She then worked in a variety of nonprofits until starting a private practice in 1990. Most of her experience has been with adults, although she did see children and teens in the early part of her career.\",\n \"“I got interested in poetry therapy the way many people do,” she says. “I found myself writing for my own healing and then learned there was a modality that promoted this kind of work professionally. From there I was determined to get credentialed. I had never really studied creative writing or fine arts, so I was unsullied in terms of writing straight from the heart—which is the basic credo of poetry therapy. Poetry therapy is so effective in helping people find and develop their ‘voice.’ ”\",\n \"Currently, Klein is working primarily with individuals but also runs groups when there’s interest. Sometimes she brings in a poem for someone, and sometimes she and the client read poems together. They may bring in their own writing or write during the sessions.\",\n \"“I have used poetry as a way to help with a grief process, and when this is done collaboratively, it can become a long lasting bond between me and the client,” says Klein, who has written about poetry therapy and its healing power. “Sometimes people keep a journal but don’t bring it in, which is fine. Each person has his own healing path—sometimes to share and sometimes to keep things private.”\",\n \"What is important in all settings is that there is no critiquing or editing, Klein points out, so that safety is created and meaningful self-expression can occur. “No arts therapy should make people feel their stuff isn’t good enough. It’s all from the heart and in the moment,” she adds. “People already have an inner critic.”\",\n \"Sherry Reiter, who holds an MSW and Ph.D. in social work, had a social worker father and a reading teacher mother. She also had a passion for literature at an early age. “Books were my great love, even at age five,” Reiter says. “Later, writing became a way of claiming my voice. I also loved the theater and was entranced by story, symbol, and creative imagination.”\",\n \"Reiter was only 17 when she experienced the power of poetry while volunteering to facilitate writing workshops at a senior center. Twelve senior citizens, 65 through 95, sat in a circle. She asked each person to write a list of word associations to a few selected words and then work on creating a poem or story from those lists.\",\n \"Even then, Reiter realized there was something at work beyond creative writing—what she now calls “a sharing of rich emotions and a powerful release of feelings” in the writing circle. Later on, Reiter worked part time as a drama specialist for the New York City Department of Aging as she pursued acting, but she felt more and more drawn to social work.\",\n \"She has since worked with children, teens, adults of all ages, “normal” neurotics, psychiatric populations, and individuals with addiction, HIV, cancer, disability, and terminal illness. In the 1970s, she observed Jack Leedy’s practice, in which he gave patients methadone only after they gave him a poem. Reiter taught poetry therapy with Leedy at the New School of Social Research and continues to teach at Hofstra University.\",\n \"Reiter wrote Writing Away the Demons: Stories of Creative Coping Through Transformative Writing, which illustrates writing as a tool of psychological survival. The men and women whose stories are featured were able to use their journals instead of reacting with the more usual stress responses of fight, flight, or freeze, she says.\",\n \"Reiter is also director of the Creative “Righting” Center, a poetry therapy training center for helping professionals. The title refers to the ability for writing to help us balance or center ourselves. “Writing can be a way of straightening out emotional knots, a way of achieving balance in our lives so that a sense of well-being emerges,” Reiter wrote on her Web site. “When we read, we benefit from poetic medicine.”\",\n \"Poetic devices, particularly metaphor, give the writer the freedom to be specific and concrete or as abstract as desired. It’s been called the “79-cent therapist,” because all a patient or client needs is paper and pen. It doesn’t require special materials and a special space. Writing can be done anywhere.\",\n \"I was glad when my journaling for therapy turned into poetry, it was less angry rants. The brevity of poetry forced me into being more concise and giving a name to the pain. Then I could more easily deal with the specific issues and work it out. I also gained more self-esteem when I self-published under the pen name of Micah Mason. The book is \\\"My Therapy Journal: A Journey of Heal\\\" which hass a cover with a quilt I made a age 9. Thanks for encouraging poetry therapy. I very much enjoyed this article.\",\n \"All material published on this website Copyright 1994-2020 White Hat Communications. All rights reserved. Please contact the publisher for permission to reproduce or reprint any materials on this site. Opinions expressed on this site are the opinions of the writer and do not necessarily represent the views of the publisher.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal - SocialWorker.com\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nAbout Us Advertise Subscribe Now\\n\\nFollow us! facebook flickr twitter pinterest instagram\\n\\nHome Articles Practice Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal\\n\\nEquine Therapy and Social Work: A Winning Combination\\n\\nThe Difference Between Case and Cause Advocacy is U (You)\\n\\n# Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal\\n\\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\\n\\nLike this article? Share it!\\n\\nRSS\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\\n\\nIt’s often been said that a picture is worth a thousand words. But when the\\nwords are poetic—full of imagery, metaphors, and rhythm—they’re much more\\npowerful.\\n\\nBiblio/poetry therapy, one of the creative arts therapies, is the use of the\\nwritten word (although it may be read out loud) to bring healing and personal\\ngrowth.\\n\\nAccording to the National Association for Poetry Therapy, a worldwide\\ncommunity of poets, writers, journal keepers, helping professionals, health\\ncare professionals, and others who recognize the healing power of language,\\npoetry therapy has primitive roots. Shamans and witch doctors chanted poetry\\nfor the well-being of the tribe or individual.\\n\\nThe Roman physician Soranus prescribed tragedy for his manic patients and\\ncomedy for the depressed ones—and can be called the first poetry therapist on\\nrecord. Dr. Benjamin Rush, called the “Father of American Psychiatry,” used\\nmusic and literature as complementary treatments. His patients published their\\nown writings in their newspaper.\\n\\nAlthough there is some disagreement, many consider bibliotherapy—interactive\\nuse of literature—a subcategory of poetry therapy. The National Federation for\\nBiblio/Poetry Therapy, incorporated in 1963, sets standards of excellence in\\nthe training and credentialing of practitioners in both fields. Practitioners\\nmay be credentialed as certified applied poetry facilitators, certified poetry\\ntherapists, or registered poetry therapists.\\n\\nSome poetry and bibliotherapists are also active in the National Coalition of\\nCreative Arts Therapies Associations, which hosts an annual conference of all\\nthe arts therapies.\\n\\nBibliotherapy was first adopted by librarians, who saw value in the practice\\nof selecting and using specific books helpful to psychiatric patients. Dr.\\nKarl Menninger collaborated with the librarians in his hospital, because he\\nfelt they knew the patients better.\\n\\nFreud stated that it wasn’t he, but the poet, who “discovered the\\nunconscious.”\\n\\nPoet Eli Griefer in the late 1920s started a “poemtherapy” group as a\\nvolunteer at Creedmore State Hospital. Much later, in 1959, he facilitated a\\npoetry therapy group at Cumberland Hospital with two supervising\\npsychiatrists, Dr. Jack J. Leedy and Dr. Sam Spector. Leedy’s efforts led to\\nthe creation of the Association for Poetry Therapy, parent of today’s\\nAssociation. He also published what social work professor and poetry therapist\\nNick Mazza, Ph.D., calls “the first significant book on poetry therapy.”\\n\\nCompared with art therapy and music therapy, biblio/poetry therapy is a small\\nfield, with practitioners more in the hundreds than thousands, according to\\nMazza, Patricia V. Vance Professor of Social Work at Florida State University,\\nauthor, and editor of the Journal of Poetry Therapy. “We’re the new kid on the\\nblock [in terms of an organized field]. But it’s catching up,” he says. “We\\nhave a code of ethics. The journal gives us credibility.”\\n\\nPoetry therapy is used in three major domains, he explains. The receptive-\\nprescriptive uses preexisting poetry or literature to elicit responses. The\\nexpressive-creative gives a client or group the chance to write, whether it’s\\npoetry or letters. “This is an effective way to cope with spontaneous\\ntragedy,” he says. “There’s a lot of hard research about the health effects of\\nwriting—for example, in the writings of James Pennebaker.”\\n\\nA third usage is the symbolic-ceremonial, which is connected to the power of\\nritual or symbols. “If someone is struggling with a loss, that person might\\nwrite a letter to the person who’s gone,” Mazza explains. “It also works with\\ncommunity tragedies. A lot of people wrote and drew after Columbine, but it\\nbecame ceremonial when they posted it.”\\n\\nIn his past private practice—now he largely does workshops and\\nconsultation—Mazza found poetry therapy is effective with many different\\npopulations: children, the elderly, hospice and hospital patients, the\\nhomeless, and survivors of sexual assault.\\n\\n“It doesn’t work with all people and all situations,” he says. “And as Jerome\\nFrank, the social psychologist, said, anything that has the power to heal has\\nthe power to harm. The timing is important. We also have to ask if a person is\\nready for a group. Young children might be more responsive with art therapy.\\nBut I use poetry therapy a lot. It cuts across modalities—with individuals,\\ncouples, families, groups, and community.”\\n\\nAlthough Nancy Scherlong became a social worker, she was a writer years ago,\\ntrained to be an English teacher and poet. With a minor in psychology, she had\\nheard about poetry therapy and “switched gears.” Currently, she is in full-\\ntime private practice.\\n\\n“I do a lot of writing intervention in bereavement,” she says. “If a person\\ndidn’t have a chance to say good-bye, I encourage writing a letter. We also\\nuse scrapbooks of photos and memories. The first year is hard, especially\\naround the holidays.”\\n\\nPreviously, Scherlong did therapy with kids 4-21 in a foster care facility and\\nused writing, especially fairy tales and the force of magic. She worked with\\nthem individually and in sibling groups. The kids would write about themselves\\nbut not as themselves, which was “less threatening,” she says. “It was\\nfiction, but all about them. Writing helps people feel less vulnerable, but\\nnot directly. It’s a third thing to focus on. Poetry is metaphorical; it\\ndoesn’t have to be literally true but can use symbolic or vague images.”\\n\\nWriting poetry or stories diminishes anxiety and reveals more than talking\\notherwise might, she adds, “although it’s not quite as revealing [directly] as\\nexpository writing.”\\n\\nAt the end of the poetry groups, Scherlong would help clients put together a\\n“chat book” and a performance—at which they got to read their pieces.\\n\\nIn addition to the three modalities described by Mazza, she believes there is\\na fourth—asking clients to take existing poems and discuss what poem they\\nwould write if it were their own. “This can be a catalyst, especially with\\nbereavement, since people have walked that road before,” says Scherlong. “It\\ncan decrease a sense of isolation.”\\n\\nPoetry therapy can even be effective with people not considered to be very\\narticulate. Early in her career, Scherlong worked with developmentally\\ndisabled children who “couldn’t write but could dictate” so she could write,\\nScherlong recalls. Elderly people with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease can\\noften still tell a “coherent story or fantasy” that has meaning for them, and\\nthose with or without memory loss might want to create a memoir.\\n\\n“Poetry therapy should match the cognitive and literacy level of the client\\nand meet the person where he or she is—with an eye toward the future,”\\nScherlong says.\\n\\nAlma Rolfs, a clinical social worker of more than 30 years’ duration who is a\\nlong-standing member of NAPT, isn’t using poetry therapy separately with her\\nclients. She does work it into regular psychotherapy sessions in her practice\\nwith adults and couples.\\n\\nHowever, in the past, Rolfs did poetry therapy with both in- and outpatient\\npsychiatric patients, with the chemically addicted, postpartum women, and\\nchildren, as well as training and workshops regarding poetry therapy. Now she\\ndoes more educating and training.\\n\\nRolfs calls poetry therapy an “absolutely marvelous treatment modality,”\\ncombining the strengths of all the creative arts therapies in accessing\\nuncensored material and responding on a deep level without the use of [their]\\nwords. “For many people, the words are the really awkward part of treatment,”\\nRolfs says. “The use of literature and creative writing allows freedom and\\ncreativity with language the clients don’t think they have the capacity for.\\nThis is both self-esteem-building and life-affirming.”\\n\\nIn the classic sequence of biblio/poetry therapy, the therapist offers a piece\\nof literature or lyric that stimulates a response and then invites the\\nclient’s own “creative act”—writing of one’s own. This can be done in\\nindividual practice or in group, although it’s usually more “spontaneous” in\\nthe former and requires more planning in a group. “It can be democratizing\\nwith groups,” Rolfs says, “in that everyone makes a contribution. It’s been\\nremarkably effective with any of the groups I’ve worked with.”\\n\\nWith individuals, she adds, you have to fit the technique to a particular type\\nof person. A very intellectually “defended” person may be less responsive in\\ntherapy, but a poem may be able to cut through that defense,” she says. “If a\\npoem can cut through, that can be very effective. It’s especially useful in\\ncutting through the sense of inadequacy or intellectual defense.”\\n\\nPeggy Heller loved poetry and words as a child. For 16 years, she worked as a\\ntutor/teacher for Stanley Kaplan Educational Services. She had studied speech\\npathology in college, then trained in biblio/poetry therapy and became a\\nmental health professional. Heller has held multiple positions in the poetry\\nassociation, including president.\\n\\nShe has applied poetry therapy in psychiatric and regular hospitals, with\\nrecently deinstitutionalized patients, and at a center for young people with\\ndual diagnosis of mental retardation and schizophrenia. One poem she found to\\nbe “sure fire,” even with developmentally disabled kids, is Eve Miriam’s “How\\nTo Eat a Poem,” dealing with metaphorical meaning.\\n\\n“I used children’s stories the kids could relate to and held up pictures, the\\nway we do with kids in the library,” says Heller, who more recently has been\\nin private practice. “The key is that even minimally verbal people can pay\\nattention even in the moment, and there’s value in it. I trained with the most\\nseverely schizophrenic people who had been hospitalized for decades. We\\ncreated progress in such minute steps.”\\n\\nBiblio/poetry therapy can also be effective with older people, who find life\\nreview and communication of their values meaningful, she adds. It can help\\npoets and writers during “blank” periods, as well.\\n\\nAn MSW, Phyllis Klein moved to California to work with an outpatient mental\\nhealth clinic. She then worked in a variety of nonprofits until starting a\\nprivate practice in 1990. Most of her experience has been with adults,\\nalthough she did see children and teens in the early part of her career.\\n\\n“I got interested in poetry therapy the way many people do,” she says. “I\\nfound myself writing for my own healing and then learned there was a modality\\nthat promoted this kind of work professionally. From there I was determined to\\nget credentialed. I had never really studied creative writing or fine arts, so\\nI was unsullied in terms of writing straight from the heart—which is the basic\\ncredo of poetry therapy. Poetry therapy is so effective in helping people find\\nand develop their ‘voice.’ ”\\n\\nCurrently, Klein is working primarily with individuals but also runs groups\\nwhen there’s interest. Sometimes she brings in a poem for someone, and\\nsometimes she and the client read poems together. They may bring in their own\\nwriting or write during the sessions.\\n\\n“I have used poetry as a way to help with a grief process, and when this is\\ndone collaboratively, it can become a long lasting bond between me and the\\nclient,” says Klein, who has written about poetry therapy and its healing\\npower. “Sometimes people keep a journal but don’t bring it in, which is fine.\\nEach person has his own healing path—sometimes to share and sometimes to keep\\nthings private.”\\n\\nWhat is important in all settings is that there is no critiquing or editing,\\nKlein points out, so that safety is created and meaningful self-expression can\\noccur. “No arts therapy should make people feel their stuff isn’t good enough.\\nIt’s all from the heart and in the moment,” she adds. “People already have an\\ninner critic.”\\n\\nSherry Reiter, who holds an MSW and Ph.D. in social work, had a social worker\\nfather and a reading teacher mother. She also had a passion for literature at\\nan early age. “Books were my great love, even at age five,” Reiter says.\\n“Later, writing became a way of claiming my voice. I also loved the theater\\nand was entranced by story, symbol, and creative imagination.”\\n\\nReiter was only 17 when she experienced the power of poetry while volunteering\\nto facilitate writing workshops at a senior center. Twelve senior citizens, 65\\nthrough 95, sat in a circle. She asked each person to write a list of word\\nassociations to a few selected words and then work on creating a poem or story\\nfrom those lists.\\n\\nEven then, Reiter realized there was something at work beyond creative\\nwriting—what she now calls “a sharing of rich emotions and a powerful release\\nof feelings” in the writing circle. Later on, Reiter worked part time as a\\ndrama specialist for the New York City Department of Aging as she pursued\\nacting, but she felt more and more drawn to social work.\\n\\nShe has since worked with children, teens, adults of all ages, “normal”\\nneurotics, psychiatric populations, and individuals with addiction, HIV,\\ncancer, disability, and terminal illness. In the 1970s, she observed Jack\\nLeedy’s practice, in which he gave patients methadone only after they gave him\\na poem. Reiter taught poetry therapy with Leedy at the New School of Social\\nResearch and continues to teach at Hofstra University.\\n\\nReiter wrote Writing Away the Demons: Stories of Creative Coping Through\\nTransformative Writing, which illustrates writing as a tool of psychological\\nsurvival. The men and women whose stories are featured were able to use their\\njournals instead of reacting with the more usual stress responses of fight,\\nflight, or freeze, she says.\\n\\nReiter is also director of the Creative “Righting” Center, a poetry therapy\\ntraining center for helping professionals. The title refers to the ability for\\nwriting to help us balance or center ourselves. “Writing can be a way of\\nstraightening out emotional knots, a way of achieving balance in our lives so\\nthat a sense of well-being emerges,” Reiter wrote on her Web site. “When we\\nread, we benefit from poetic medicine.”\\n\\nPoetic devices, particularly metaphor, give the writer the freedom to be\\nspecific and concrete or as abstract as desired. It’s been called the “79-cent\\ntherapist,” because all a patient or client needs is paper and pen. It doesn’t\\nrequire special materials and a special space. Writing can be done anywhere.\\n\\nFor Your Information\\n\\nNational Federation for Biblio/Poetry Therapy—http://www.nfbpt.com\\n\\nNational Association for Poetry Therapy—http://www.poetrytherapy.org\\n\\nNick Mazza—nfmazza@fsu.edu —editor of Journal for Poetry Therapy\\n\\nCreative Righting—http://users.erols.com/sreiter/\\n\\nWomen's Therapy Services (Phyllis\\nKlein)—http://www.womenstherapyservices.com/articles.html\\n\\nBarbara Trainin Blank is a freelance writer in Harrisburg, PA.\\n\\nBack to Search Results\\n\\n#### Tags\\n\\nWinter 2010 Poetry\\n\\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\\n\\nLike this article? Share it!\\n\\nRSS\\n\\nPrint\\n\\n### Comments (1)\\n\\nComment Feed\\n\\n#### My therapy journal\\n\\nI was glad when my journaling for therapy turned into poetry, it was less\\nangry rants. The brevity of poetry forced me into being more concise and\\ngiving a name to the pain. Then I could more easily deal with the specific\\nissues and work it out. I also gained more self-esteem when I self-published\\nunder the pen name of Micah Mason. The book is \\\"My Therapy Journal: A Journey\\nof Heal\\\" which hass a cover with a quilt I made a age 9. Thanks for\\nencouraging poetry therapy. I very much enjoyed this article.\\n\\nChris Bruce 353 days ago\\n\\nGreat gift book for social work graduates!\\n\\n### Readers React\\n\\n * You are an amazing individual, Angela. Not many people with this disease have been able to integrat\\n\\nBarbara Heinssen | Listen to the Zebras: Observing Rare Disease Day\\n\\n * Thank you for framing well being as a human rights issue for the social work profession. I applaud\\n\\nCaroline Campbell | Social Workers Are Essential - Our Well-Being Is\\nEssential, Too!\\n\\n * What a great introduction to Social Work Month! This is a terrific article, especially the referenc\\n\\nBrenda Bacon | Essential Social Workers: A Call to Heal Our Nation\\n\\n * Your persistence made a difference for you and will hopefully do the same for so many others- thank\\n\\nPatti Swenson-Abraham | Listen to the Zebras: Observing Rare Disease Day\\n\\nFeatured Jobs at SocialWorkJobBank\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Advertise\\n * Writers' Guidelines\\n * Contact Us\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\nAll material published on this website Copyright 1994-2020 White Hat\\nCommunications. All rights reserved. Please contact the publisher for\\npermission to reproduce or reprint any materials on this site. Opinions\\nexpressed on this site are the opinions of the writer and do not necessarily\\nrepresent the views of the publisher.\\n\\nBuilt with Metro PublisherTM\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190624071750/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Whitman's \\\"Song of Myself\\\"\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.\",\n \"My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till death.\",\n \"Creeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten, I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard, Nature without check with original energy.\",\n \"Houses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with perfumes, I breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it, The distillation would intoxicate me also, but I shall not let it.\",\n \"The atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the distillation, it is odorless, It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it, I will go to the bank by the wood and become undisguised and naked, I am mad for it to be in contact with me.\",\n \"The smoke of my own breath, Echoes, ripples, buzz'd whispers, love-root, silk- thread, crotch and vine, My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my heart, the passing of blood and air through my lungs, The sniff of green leaves and dry leaves, and of the shore and dark-color'd sea-rocks, and of hay in the barn, The sound of the belch'd words of my voice loos'd to the eddies of the wind, A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around of arms, The play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag, The delight alone or in the rush of the streets, or along the fields and hill-sides, The feeling of health, the full-noon trill, the song of me rising from bed and meeting the sun.\",\n \"Have you reckon'd a thousand acres much? have you reckon'd the earth much? Have you practis'd so long to learn to read? Have you felt so proud to get at the meaning of poems?\",\n \"Stop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems, You shall possess the good of the earth and sun, (there are millions of suns left,) You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look through the eyes of the dead, nor feed on the spectres in books, You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take things from me, You shall listen to all sides and filter them from your self.\",\n \"I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the end, But I do not talk of the beginning or the end.\",\n \"There was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or age than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is now, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.\",\n \"Urge and urge and urge, Always the procreant urge of the world. Out of the dimness opposite equals advance, always substance and increase, always sex, Always a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed of life.\",\n \"Sure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, well entretied, braced in the beams, Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical, I and this mystery here we stand.\",\n \"Lack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by the seen, Till that becomes unseen and receives proof in its turn.\",\n \"Showing the best and dividing it from the worst age vexes age, Knowing the perfect fitness and equanimity of things, while they discuss I am silent, and go bathe and admire myself.\",\n \"Welcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of any man hearty and clean, Not an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be less familiar than the rest.\",\n \"I am satisfied — I see, dance, laugh, sing; As the hugging and loving bed- fellow sleeps at my side through the night, and withdraws at the peep of the day with stealthy tread, Leaving me baskets cover'd with white towels swelling the house with their plenty, Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization and scream at my eyes, That they turn from gazing after and down the road, And forthwith cipher and show me to a cent, Exactly the value of one and exactly the value of two, and which is ahead?\",\n \"Trippers and askers surround me, People I meet, the effect upon me of my early life or the ward and city I live in, or the nation, The latest dates, discoveries, inventions, societies, authors old and new, My dinner, dress, associates, looks, compliments, dues, The real or fancied indifference of some man or woman I love, The sickness of one of my folks or of myself, or ill- doing or loss or lack of money, or depressions or exaltations, Battles, the horrors of fratricidal war, the fever of doubtful news, the fitful events; These come to me days and nights and go from me again, But they are not the Me myself. Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I am, Stands amused, complacent, compassionating, idle, unitary, Looks down, is erect, or bends an arm on an impalpable certain rest, Looking with side-curved head curious what will come next, Both in and out of the game and watching and wondering at it.\",\n \"Backward I see in my own days where I sweated through fog with linguists and contenders, I have no mockings or arguments, I witness and wait.\",\n \"I believe in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you, And you must not be abased to the other.\",\n \"Loafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat, Not words, not music or rhyme I want, not custom or lecture, not even the best, Only the lull I like, the hum of your valved voice.\",\n \"I mind how once we lay such a transparent summer morning, How you settled your head athwart my hips and gently turn'd over upon me, And parted the shirt from my bosom-bone, and plunged your tongue to my bare-stript heart, And reach'd till you felt my beard, and reach'd till you held my feet.\",\n \"Swiftly arose and spread around me the peace and knowledge that pass all the argument of the earth, And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my own, And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of my own, And that all the men ever born are also my brothers, and the women my sisters and lovers,\",\n \"And that a kelson of the creation is love, And limitless are leaves stiff or drooping in the fields, And brown ants in the little wells beneath them, And mossy scabs of the worm fence, heap'd stones, elder, mullein and poke-weed.\",\n \"A child said What is the grass? fetching it to me with full hands, How could I answer the child? I do not know what it is any more than he.\",\n \"Or I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord, A scented gift and remembrancer designedly dropt, Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, that we may see and remark, and say Whose?\",\n \"Or I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic, And it means, Sprouting alike in broad zones and narrow zones, Growing among black folks as among white, Kanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them the same, I receive them the same.\",\n \"Tenderly will I use you curling grass, It may be you transpire from the breasts of young men, It may be if I had known them I would have loved them, It may be you are from old people, or from offspring taken soon out of their mothers' laps, And here you are the mothers' laps.\",\n \"This grass is very dark to be from the white heads of old mothers, Darker than the colourless beards of old men, Dark to come from under the faint red roofs of mouths.\",\n \"O I perceive after all so many uttering tongues, And I perceive they do not come from the roofs of mouths for nothing.\",\n \"I wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women, And the hints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken soon out of their laps.\",\n \"What do you think has become of the young and old men? And what do you think has become of the women and children?\",\n \"They are alive and well somewhere, The smallest sprout shows there is really no death, And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the end to arrest it, And ceas'd the moment life appear'd.\",\n \"Has any one supposed it lucky to be born? I hasten to inform him or her it is just as lucky to die, and I know it.\",\n \"I pass death with the dying and birth with the new-wash'd babe, and am not contain'd between my hat and boots, And peruse manifold objects, no two alike and every one good, The earth good and the stars good, and their adjuncts all good.\",\n \"I am not an earth nor an adjunct of an earth, I am the mate and companion of people, all just as immortal and fathomless as myself, (They do not know how immortal, but I know.)\",\n \"Every kind for itself and its own, for me mine male and female, For me those that have been boys and that love women, For me the man that is proud and feels how it stings to be slighted,\",\n \"For me the sweet-heart and the old maid, for me mothers and the mothers of mothers, For me lips that have smiled, eyes that have shed tears, For me children and the begetters of children.\",\n \"Undrape! you are not guilty to me, nor stale nor discarded, I see through the broadcloth and gingham whether or no, And am around, tenacious, acquisitive, tireless, and cannot be shaken away.\",\n \"The little one sleeps in its cradle, I lift the gauze and look a long time, and silently brush away flies with my hand.\",\n \"The suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the bedroom, I witness the corpse with its dabbled hair, I note where the pistol has fallen.\",\n \"The blab of the pave, tires of carts, sluff of boot-soles, talk of the promenaders, The heavy omnibus, the driver with his interrogating thumb, the clank of the shod horses on the granite floor, The snow-sleighs, clinking, shouted jokes, pelts of snow-balls, The hurrahs for popular favorites, the fury of rous'd mobs, The flap of the curtain'd litter, a sick man inside borne to the hospital, The meeting of enemies, the sudden oath, the blows and fall, The excited crowd, the policeman with his star quickly working his passage to the centre of the crowd, The impassive stones that receive and return so many echoes, What groans of over-fed or half-starv'd who fall sunstruck or in fits, What exclamations of women taken suddenly who hurry home and give birth to babes,\",\n \"What living and buried speech is always vibrating here, what howls restrain'd by decorum, Arrests of criminals, slights, adulterous offers made, acceptances, rejections with convex lips, I mind them or the show or resonance of them — I come and I depart.\",\n \"The big doors of the country barn stand open and ready, The dried grass of the harvest-time loads the slow-drawn wagon, The clear light plays on the brown gray and green intertinged, The armfuls are pack'd to the sagging mow.\",\n \"I am there, I help, I came stretch'd atop of the load, I felt its soft jolts, one leg reclined on the other, I jump from the cross-beams and seize the clover and timothy, And roll head over heels and tangle my hair full of wisps.\",\n \"Alone far in the wilds and mountains I hunt, Wandering amazed at my own lightness and glee, In the late afternoon choosing a safe spot to pass the night, Kindling a fire and broiling the fresh-kill'd game, Falling asleep on the gather'd leaves with my dog and gun by my side.\",\n \"The Yankee clipper is under her sky-sails, she cuts the sparkle and scud, My eyes settle the land, I bend at her prow or shout joyously from the deck.\",\n \"The boatmen and clam-diggers arose early and stopt for me, I tuck'd my trowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time; You should have been with us that day round the chowder-kettle.\",\n \"I saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in the far west, the bride was a red girl, Her father and his friends sat near cross-legged and dumbly smoking, they had moccasins to their feet and large thick blankets hanging from their shoulders, On a bank lounged the trapper, he was drest mostly in skins, his luxuriant beard and curls protected his neck, he held his bride by the hand, She had long eyelashes, her head was bare, her coarse straight locks descended upon her voluptuous limbs and reach'd to her feet.\",\n \"The runaway slave came to my house and stopt outside, I heard his motions crackling the twigs of the woodpile, Through the swung half-door of the kitchen I saw him limpsy and weak, And went where he sat on a log and led him in and assured him, And brought water and fill'd a tub for his sweated body and bruis'd feet, And gave him a room that enter'd from my own, and gave him some coarse clean clothes, And remember perfectly well his revolving eyes and his awkwardness, And remember putting plasters on the galls of his neck and ankles; He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass'd north, I had him sit next me at table, my fire-lock lean'd in the corner.\",\n \"Twenty-eight young men bathe by the shore, Twenty-eight young men and all so friendly; Twenty-eight years of womanly life and all so lonesome.\",\n \"She owns the fine house by the rise of the bank, She hides handsome and richly drest aft the blinds of the window.\",\n \"Where are you off to, lady? for I see you, You splash in the water there, yet stay stock still in your room.\",\n \"Dancing and laughing along the beach came the twenty-ninth bather, The rest did not see her, but she saw them and loved them.\",\n \"The beards of the young men glisten'd with wet, it ran from their long hair, Little streams pass'd all over their bodies.\",\n \"The young men float on their backs, their white bellies bulge to the sun, they do not ask who seizes fast to them, They do not know who puffs and declines with pendant and bending arch, They do not think whom they souse with spray.\",\n \"The butcher-boy puts off his killing-clothes, or sharpens his knife at the stall in the market, I loiter enjoying his repartee and his shuffle and break- down.\",\n \"Blacksmiths with grimed and hairy chests environ the anvil, Each has his main- sledge, they are all out, there is a great heat in the fire.\",\n \"From the cinder-strew'd threshold I follow their movements, The lithe sheer of their waists plays even with their massive arms, Overhand the hammers swing, overhand so slow, overhand so sure, They do not hasten, each man hits in his place.\",\n \"The negro holds firmly the reins of his four horses, the block swags underneath on its tied-over chain, The negro that drives the long dray of the stone-yard, steady and tall he stands pois'd on one leg on the string-piece, His blue shirt exposes his ample neck and breast and loosens over his hip- band, His glance is calm and commanding, he tosses the slouch of his hat away from his forehead, The sun falls on his crispy hair and mustache, falls on the black of his polish'd and perfect limbs.\",\n \"I behold the picturesque giant and love him, and I do not stop there, I go with the team also.\",\n \"In me the caresser of life wherever moving, backward as well as forward sluing, To niches aside and junior bending, not a person or object missing, Absorbing all to myself and for this song.\",\n \"Oxen that rattle the yoke and chain or halt in the leafy shade, what is that you express in your eyes? It seems to me more than all the print I have read in my life.\",\n \"My tread scares the wood-drake and wood-duck on my distant and day-long ramble, They rise together, they slowly circle around.\",\n \"I believe in those wing'd purposes, And acknowledge red, yellow, white, playing within me, And consider green and violet and the tufted crown intentional, And do not call the tortoise unworthy because she is not something else, And the jay in the woods never studied the gamut, yet trills pretty well to me, And the look of the bay mare shames silliness out of me.\",\n \"The wild gander leads his flock through the cool night, Ya-honk he says, and sounds it down to me like an invitation, The pert may suppose it meaningless, but I listening close, Find its purpose and place up there toward the wintry sky.\",\n \"The sharp-hoof'd moose of the north, the cat on the housesill, the chickadee, the prairie-dog, The litter of the grunting sow as they tug at her teats, The brood of the turkey-hen and she with her half-spread wings, I see in them and myself the same old law.\",\n \"The press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred affections, They scorn the best I can do to relate them.\",\n \"I am enamour'd of growing out-doors, Of men that live among cattle or taste of the ocean or woods, Of the builders and steerers of ships and the wielders of axes and mauls, and the drivers of horses, I can eat and sleep with them week in and week out.\",\n \"What is commonest, cheapest, nearest, easiest, is Me, Me going in for my chances, spending for vast returns, Adorning myself to bestow myself on the first that will take me, Not asking the sky to come down to my good will, Scattering it freely forever.\",\n \"The pure contralto sings in the organ loft, The carpenter dresses his plank, the tongue of his foreplane whistles its wild ascending lisp, The married and unmarried children ride home to their Thanksgiving dinner, The pilot seizes the king-pin, he heaves down with a strong arm, The mate stands braced in the whale-boat, lance and harpoon are ready,\",\n \"The duck-shooter walks by silent and cautious stretches, The deacons are ordain'd with cross'd hands at the altar, The spinning-girl retreats and advances to the hum of the big wheel, The farmer stops by the bars as he walks on a First-day loafe and looks at the oats and rye, The lunatic is carried at last to the asylum a confirm'd case, (He will never sleep any more as he did in the cot in his mother's bedroom;) The jour printer with gray head and gaunt jaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco while his eyes blurr with the manuscript; The malform'd limbs are tied to the surgeon's table, What is removed drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the auction- stand, the drunkard nods by the bar-room stove, The machinist rolls up his sleeves, the policeman travels his beat, the gate-keeper marks who pass, The young fellow drives the express-wagon, (I love him, though I do not know him;) The half-breed straps on his light boots to compete in the race, The western turkey-shooting draws old and young, some lean on their rifles, some sit on logs, Out from the crowd steps the marksman, takes his position, levels his piece; The groups of newly-come immigrants cover the wharf or levee, As the woolly-pates hoe in the sugar-field, the overseer views them from his saddle, The bugle calls in the ball-room, the gentlemen run for their partners, the dancers bow to each other, The youth lies awake in the cedar-roof'd garret and harks to the musical rain, The Wolverine sets traps on the creek that helps fill the Huron, The squaw wrapt in her yellow-hemm'd cloth is offering moccasins and bead-bags for sale, The connoisseur peers along the exhibition- gallery with half-shut eyes bent sideways,\",\n \"As the deck-hands make fast the steamboat the plank is thrown for the shore- going passengers, The young sister holds out the skein while the elder sister winds it off in a ball, and stops now and then for the knots, The one-year wife is recovering and happy having a week ago borne her first child, The clean-hair'd Yankee girl works with her sewing-machine or in the factory or mill, The paving-man leans on his two-handed rammer, the reporter's lead flies swiftly over the note-book, the signpainter is lettering with blue and gold, The canal boy trots on the tow-path, the book-keeper counts at his desk, the shoemaker waxes his thread, The conductor beats time for the band and all the performers follow him, The child is baptized, the convert is making his first professions, The regatta is spread on the bay, the race is begun, (how the white sails sparkle!) The drover watching his drove sings out to them that would stray, The pedler sweats with his pack on his back, (the purchaser higgling about the odd cent;) The bride unrumples her white dress, the minute- hand of the clock moves slowly, The opium-eater reclines with rigid head and just-open'd lips, The prostitute draggles her shawl, her bonnet bobs on her tipsy and pimpled neck, The crowd laugh at her blackguard oaths, the men jeer and wink to each other, (Miserable! I do not laugh at your oaths nor jeer you;) The President holding a cabinet council is surrounded by the great Secretaries, On the piazza walk three matrons stately and friendly with twined arms, The crew of the fish-smack pack repeated layers of halibut in the hold, The Missourian crosses the plains toting his wares and his cattle,\",\n \"As the fare-collector goes through the train he gives notice by the jingling of loose change, The floor-men are laying the floor, the tinners are tinning the roof, the masons are calling for mortar, In single file each shouldering his hod pass onward the laborers; Seasons pursuing each other the indescribable crowd is gather'd, it is the fourth of Seventh-month, (what salutes of cannon and small arms!) Seasons pursuing each other the plougher ploughs, the mower mows, and the winter-grain falls in the ground; Off on the lakes the pike-fisher watches and waits by the hole in the frozen surface, The stumps stand thick round the clearing, the squatter strikes deep with his axe, Flatboatmen make fast towards dusk near the cotton-wood or pecan-trees, Coon- seekers go through the regions of the Red river or through those drain'd by the Tennessee, or through those of the Arkansas, Torches shine in the dark that hangs on the Chattahooche or Altamahaw, Patriarchs sit at supper with sons and grandsons and great-grandsons around them, In walls of adobie, in canvas tents, rest hunters and trappers after their day's sport, The city sleeps and the country sleeps, The living sleep for their time, the dead sleep for their time, The old husband sleeps by his wife and the young husband sleeps by his wife; And these tend inward to me, and I tend outward to them, And such as it is to be of these more or less I am, And of these one and all I weave the song of myself.\",\n \"I am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the wise, Regardless of others, ever regardful of others, Maternal as well as paternal, a child as well as a man, Stuff'd with the stuff that is coarse and stuff'd with the stuff that is fine,\",\n \"One of the Nation of many nations, the smallest the same and the largest the same, A Southerner soon as a Northerner, a planter nonchalant and hospitable down by the Oconee I live, A Yankee bound my own way ready for trade, my joints the limberest joints on earth and the sternest joints on earth, A Kentuckian walking the vale of the Elkhorn in my deer-skin leggings, a Louisianian or Georgian, A boatman over lakes or bays or along coasts, a Hoosier, Badger, Buck-eye; At home on Kanadian snow-shoes or up in the bush, or with fishermen off Newfoundland, At home in the fleet of ice-boats, sailing with the rest and tacking, At home on the hills of Vermont or in the woods of Maine, or the Texan ranch, Comrade of Californians, comrade of free North- Westerners, (loving their big proportions,) Comrade of raftsmen and coalmen, comrade of all who shake hands and welcome to drink and meat, A learner with the simplest, a teacher of the thoughtfullest, A novice beginning yet experient of myriads of seasons, Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank and religion, A farmer, mechanic, artist, gentleman, sailor, quaker, Prisoner, fancy-man, rowdy, lawyer, physician, priest.\",\n \"I resist any thing better than my own diversity, Breathe the air but leave plenty after me, And am not stuck up, and am in my place.\",\n \"(The moth and the fish-eggs are in their place, The bright suns I see and the dark suns I cannot see are in their place, The palpable is in its place and the impalpable is in its place.)\",\n \"These are really the thoughts of all men in all ages and lands, they are not original with me, If they are not yours as much as mine they are nothing, or next to nothing,\",\n \"If they are not the riddle and the untying of the riddle they are nothing, If they are not just as close as they are distant they are nothing.\",\n \"This is the grass that grows wherever the land is and the water is, This the common air that bathes the globe.\",\n \"With music strong I come, with my cornets and my drums, I play not marches for accepted victors only, I play marches for conquer'd and slain persons.\",\n \"Have you heard that it was good to gain the day? I also say it is good to fall, battles are lost in the same spirit in which they are won.\",\n \"Vivas to those who have fail'd! And to those whose war-vessels sank in the sea! And to those themselves who sank in the sea! And to all generals that lost engagements, and all overcome heroes! And the numberless unknown heroes equal to the greatest heroes known!\",\n \"This is the meal equally set, this the meat for natural hunger, It is for the wicked just the same as the righteous, I make appointments with all, I will not have a single person slighted or left away, The kept-woman, sponger, thief, are hereby invited, The heavy-lipp'd slave is invited, the venerealee is invited; There shall be no difference between them and the rest.\",\n \"This the touch of my lips to yours, this the murmur of yearning, This the far- off depth and height reflecting my own face, This the thoughtful merge of myself, and the outlet again.\",\n \"Do you guess I have some intricate purpose? Well I have, for the Fourth-month showers have, and the mica on the side of a rock has.\",\n \"Do you take it I would astonish? Does the daylight astonish? does the early redstart twittering through the woods? Do I astonish more than they?\",\n \"All I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost listening to me.\",\n \"I do not snivel that snivel the world over, That months are vacuums and the ground but wallow and filth.\",\n \"Whimpering and truckling fold with powders for invalids, conformity goes to the fourth-remov'd, I wear my hat as I please indoors or out.\",\n \"Having pried through the strata, analyzed to a hair, counsel'd with doctors and calculated close, I find no sweeter fat than sticks to my own bones.\",\n \"In all people I see myself, none more and not one a barley-corn less, And the good or bad I say of myself I say of them.\",\n \"I know I am solid and sound, To me the converging objects of the universe perpetually flow, All are written to me, and I must get what the writing means.\",\n \"I know I am deathless, I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by a carpenter's compass, I know I shall not pass like a child's carlacue cut with a burnt stick at night.\",\n \"I know I am august, I do not trouble my spirit to vindicate itself or be understood, I see that the elementary laws never apologize, (I reckon I behave no prouder than the level I plant my house by, after all.)\",\n \"I exist as I am, that is enough, If no other in the world be aware I sit content, And if each and all be aware I sit content.\",\n \"One world is aware and by far the largest to me, and that is myself, And whether I come to my own to-day or in ten thousand or ten million years, I can cheerfully take it now, or with equal cheerfulness I can wait.\",\n \"My foothold is tenon'd and mortis'd in granite, I laugh at what you call dissolution, And I know the amplitude of time.\",\n \"I am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul, The pleasures of heaven are with me and the pains of hell are with me, The first I graft and increase upon myself, the latter I translate into a new tongue.\",\n \"I am the poet of the woman the same as the man, And I say it is as great to be a woman as to be a man, And I say there is nothing greater than the mother of men.\",\n \"I chant the chant of dilation or pride, We have had ducking and deprecating about enough, I show that size is only development.\",\n \"Have you outstript the rest? are you the President? It is a trifle, they will more than arrive there every one, and still pass on.\",\n \"I am he that walks with the tender and growing night, I call to the earth and sea half-held by the night.\",\n \"Press close bare-bosom'd night — press close magnetic nourishing night! Night of south winds — night of the large few stars! Still nodding night — mad naked summer night.\",\n \"Smile O voluptuous cool-breath'd earth! Earth of the slumbering and liquid trees! Earth of departed sunset — earth of the mountains misty-topt! Earth of the vitreous pour of the full moon just tinged with blue! Earth of shine and dark mottling the tide of the river! Earth of the limpid gray of clouds brighter and clearer for my sake! Far-swooping elbow'd earth — rich apple- blossom'd earth! Smile, for your lover comes.\",\n \"You sea! I resign myself to you also — I guess what you mean, I behold from the beach your crooked inviting fingers, I believe you refuse to go back without feeling of me, We must have a turn together, I undress, hurry me out of sight of the land, Cushion me soft, rock me in billowy drowse, Dash me with amorous wet, I can repay you.\",\n \"Sea of stretch'd ground-swells, Sea breathing broad and convulsive breaths, Sea of the brine of life and of unshovell'd yet always-ready graves, Howler and scooper of storms, capricious and dainty sea, I am integral with you, I too am of one phase and of all phases.\",\n \"Partaker of influx and efflux, I, extoller of hate and conciliation, Extoller of amies and those that sleep in each others' arms.\",\n \"I am he attesting sympathy, (Shall I make my list of things in the house and skip the house that supports them?)\",\n \"What blurt is this about virtue and about vice? Evil propels me and reform of evil propels me, I stand indifferent, My gait is no fault-finder's or rejecter's gait, I moisten the roots of all that has grown.\",\n \"Did you fear some scrofula out of the unflagging pregnancy? Did you guess the celestial laws are yet to be work'd over and rectified?\",\n \"I find one side a balance and the antipodal side a balance, Soft doctrine as steady help as stable doctrine, Thoughts and deeds of the present our rouse and early start.\",\n \"What behaved well in the past or behaves well to-day is not such a wonder, The wonder is always and always how there can be a mean man or an infidel.\",\n \"A word of the faith that never balks, Here or henceforward it is all the same to me, I accept Time absolutely.\",\n \"Hurrah for positive science! long live exact demonstration! Fetch stonecrop mixt with cedar and branches of lilac, This is the lexicographer, this the chemist, this made a grammar of the old cartouches, These mariners put the ship through dangerous unknown seas, This is the geologist, this works with the scalpel, and this is a mathematician.\",\n \"Gentlemen, to you the first honors always! Your facts are useful, and yet they are not my dwelling, I but enter by them to an area of my dwelling.\",\n \"Less the reminders of properties told my words, And more the reminders they of life untold, and of freedom and extrication, And make short account of neuters and geldings, and favor men and women fully equipt, And beat the gong of revolt, and stop with fugitives and them that plot and conspire.\",\n \"I speak the pass-word primeval, I give the sign of democracy, By God! I will accept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms.\",\n \"Through me many long dumb voices, Voices of the interminable generation of prisoners and slaves, Voices of the diseas'd and despairing and of thieves and dwarfs, Voices of cycles of preparation and accretion, And of the threads that connect the stars, and of wombs and of the father-stuff, And of the rights of them the others are down upon, Of the deform'd, trivial, flat, foolish, despised, Fog in the air, beetles rolling balls of dung.\",\n \"Through me forbidden voices, Voices of sexes and lusts, voices veil'd and I remove the veil, Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur'd.\",\n \"I do not press my fingers across my mouth, I keep as delicate around the bowels as around the head and heart, Copulation is no more rank to me than death is.\",\n \"I believe in the flesh and the appetites, Seeing, hearing, feeling, are miracles, and each part and tag of me is a miracle.\",\n \"Divine am I inside and out, and I make holy whatever I touch or am touch'd from, The scent of these arm-pits aroma finer than prayer, This head more than churches, bibles, and all the creeds.\",\n \"If I worship one thing more than another it shall be the spread of my own body, or any part of it, Translucent mould of me it shall be you! Shaded ledges and rests it shall be you! Firm masculine colter it shall be you! Whatever goes to the tilth of me it shall be you! You my rich blood! your milky stream pale strippings of my life! Breast that presses against other breasts it shall be you! My brain it shall be your occult convolutions! Root of wash'd sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it shall be you! Mix'd tussled hay of head, beard, brawn, it shall be you! Trickling sap of maple, fibre of manly wheat, it shall be you! Sun so generous it shall be you! Vapors lighting and shading my face it shall be you! You sweaty brooks and dews it shall be you! Winds whose soft-tickling genitals rub against me it shall be you! Broad muscular fields, branches of live oak, loving lounger in my winding paths, it shall be you! Hands I have taken, face I have kiss'd, mortal I have ever touch'd, it shall be you.\",\n \"I dote on myself, there is that lot of me and all so luscious, Each moment and whatever happens thrills me with joy, I cannot tell how my ankles bend, nor whence the cause of my faintest wish, Nor the cause of the friendship I emit, nor the cause of the friendship I take again.\",\n \"That I walk up my stoop, I pause to consider if it really be, A morning-glory at my window satisfies me more than the metaphysics of books.\",\n \"To behold the day-break! The little light fades the immense and diaphanous shadows, The air tastes good to my palate.\",\n \"The earth by the sky staid with, the daily close of their junction, The heav'd challenge from the east that moment over my head, The mocking taunt, See then whether you shall be master!\",\n \"Dazzling and tremendous how quick the sun-rise would kill me, If I could not now and always send sun-rise out of me.\",\n \"We also ascend dazzling and tremendous as the sun, We found our own O my soul in the calm and cool of the day-break.\",\n \"My voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach, With the twirl of my tongue I encompass worlds and volumes of worlds.\",\n \"Speech is the twin of my vision, it is unequal to measure itself, It provokes me forever, it says sarcastically, Walt you contain enough, why don't you let it out then?\",\n \"Come now I will not be tantalized, you conceive too much of articulation, Do you not know O speech how the buds beneath you are folded? Waiting in gloom, protected by frost, The dirt receding before my prophetical screams, I underlying causes to balance them at last,\",\n \"My knowledge my live parts, it keeping tally with the meaning of all things, Happiness, (which whoever hears me let him or her set out in search of this day.)\",\n \"My final merit I refuse you, I refuse putting from me what I really am, Encompass worlds, but never try to encompass me, I crowd your sleekest and best by simply looking toward you.\",\n \"Writing and talk do not prove me, I carry the plenum of proof and every thing else in my face, With the hush of my lips I wholly confound the skeptic.\",\n \"Now I will do nothing but listen, To accrue what I hear into this song, to let sounds contribute toward it.\",\n \"I hear bravuras of birds, bustle of growing wheat, gossip of flames, clack of sticks cooking my meals. I hear the sound I love, the sound of the human voice, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused or following, Sounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night, Talkative young ones to those that like them, the loud laugh of work-people at their meals, The angry base of disjointed friendship, the faint tones of the sick, The judge with hands tight to the desk, his pallid lips pronouncing a death-sentence, The heave'e'yo of stevedores unlading ships by the wharves, the refrain of the anchor-lifters, The ring of alarm-bells, the cry of fire, the whirr of swift-streaking engines and hose-carts with premonitory tinkles and color'd lights, The steam-whistle, the solid roll of the train of approaching cars,\",\n \"The slow march play'd at the head of the association marching two and two, (They go to guard some corpse, the flag-tops are draped with black muslin.)\",\n \"I hear the violoncello, ('tis the young man's heart's complaint,) I hear the key'd cornet, it glides quickly in through my ears, It shakes mad-sweet pangs through my belly and breast.\",\n \"A tenor large and fresh as the creation fills me, The orbic flex of his mouth is pouring and filling me full.\",\n \"I hear the train'd soprano (what work with hers is this?) The orchestra whirls me wider than Uranus flies, It wrenches such ardors from me I did not know I possess'd them, It sails me, I dab with bare feet, they are lick'd by the indolent waves, I am cut by bitter and angry hail, I lose my breath, Steep'd amid honey'd morphine, my windpipe throttled in fakes of death, At length let up again to feel the puzzle of puzzles, And that we call Being.\",\n \"To be in any form, what is that? (Round and round we go, all of us, and ever come back thither,) If nothing lay more develop'd the quahaug in its callous shell were enough.\",\n \"Mine is no callous shell, I have instant conductors all over me whether I pass or stop, They seize every object and lead it harmlessly through me.\",\n \"I merely stir, press, feel with my fingers, and am happy, To touch my person to some one else's is about as much as I can stand.\",\n \"Is this then a touch? quivering me to a new identity, Flames and ether making a rush for my veins, Treacherous tip of me reaching and crowding to help them, My flesh and blood playing out lightning to strike what is hardly different from myself, On all sides prurient provokers stiffening my limbs, Straining the udder of my heart for its withheld drip, Behaving licentious toward me, taking no denial, Depriving me of my best as for a purpose, Unbuttoning my clothes, holding me by the bare waist, Deluding my confusion with the calm of the sunlight and pasture-fields, Immodestly sliding the fellow-senses away, They bribed to swap off with touch and go and graze at the edges of me, No consideration, no regard for my draining strength or my anger, Fetching the rest of the herd around to enjoy them a while, Then all uniting to stand on a headland and worry me.\",\n \"The sentries desert every other part of me, They have left me helpless to a red marauder, They all come to the headland to witness and assist against me.\",\n \"I am given up by traitors, I talk wildly, I have lost my wits, I and nobody else am the greatest traitor, I went myself first to the headland, my own hands carried me there.\",\n \"You villain touch! what are you doing? my breath is tight in its throat, Unclench your floodgates, you are too much for me.\",\n \"All truths wait in all things, They neither hasten their own delivery nor resist it, They do not need the obstetric forceps of the surgeon, The insignificant is as big to me as any, (What is less or more than a touch?)\",\n \"A minute and a drop of me settle my brain, I believe the soggy clods shall become lovers and lamps, And a compend of compends is the meat of a man or woman, And a summit and flower there is the feeling they have for each other, And they are to branch boundlessly out of that lesson until it becomes omnific, And until one and all shall delight us, and we them.\",\n \"I believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey-work of the stars, And the pismire is equally perfect, and a grain of sand, and the egg of the wren, And the tree-toad is a chef-d'oeuvre for the highest, And the running blackberry would adorn the parlors of heaven, And the narrowest hinge in my hand puts to scorn all machinery,\",\n \"And the cow crunching with depress'd head surpasses any statue, And a mouse is miracle enough to stagger sextillions of infidels.\",\n \"I find I incorporate gneiss, coal, long-threaded moss, fruits, grains, esculent roots, And am stucco'd with quadrupeds and birds all over, And have distanced what is behind me for good reasons, But call any thing back again when I desire it.\",\n \"In vain the speeding or shyness, In vain the plutonic rocks send their old heat against my approach, In vain the mastodon retreats beneath its own powder'd bones, In vain objects stand leagues off and assume manifold shapes, In vain the ocean setting in hollows and the great monsters lying low, In vain the buzzard houses herself with the sky, In vain the snake slides through the creepers and logs, In vain the elk takes to the inner passes of the woods, In vain the razor-bill'd auk sails far north to Labrador, I follow quickly, I ascend to the nest in the fissure of the cliff.\",\n \"I think I could turn and live with animals, they're so placid and self- contain'd, I stand and look at them long and long.\",\n \"They do not sweat and whine about their condition, They do not lie awake in the dark and weep for their sins, They do not make me sick discussing their duty to God, Not one is dissatisfied, not one is demented with the mania of owning things, Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived thousands of years ago, Not one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth.\",\n \"So they show their relations to me and I accept them, They bring me tokens of myself, they evince them plainly in their possession.\",\n \"Myself moving forward then and now and forever, Gathering and showing more always and with velocity, Infinite and omnigenous, and the like of these among them, Not too exclusive toward the reachers of my remembrancers, Picking out here one that I love, and now go with him on brotherly terms.\",\n \"A gigantic beauty of a stallion, fresh and responsive to my caresses, Head high in the forehead, wide between the ears, Limbs glossy and supple, tail dusting the ground, Eyes full of sparkling wickedness, ears finely cut, flexibly moving.\",\n \"His nostrils dilate as my heels embrace him, His well-built limbs tremble with pleasure as we race around and return. I but use you a minute, then I resign you, stallion, Why do I need your paces when I myself out-gallop them? Even as I stand or sit passing faster than you.\",\n \"Space and Time! now I see it is true, what I guess'd at, What I guess'd when I loaf'd on the grass, What I guess'd while I lay alone in my bed, And again as I walk'd the beach under the paling stars of the morning.\",\n \"My ties and ballasts leave me, my elbows rest in sea-gaps, I skirt sierras, my palms cover continents, I am afoot with my vision.\",\n \"By the city's quadrangular houses — in log huts, camping with lumbermen, Along the ruts of the turnpike, along the dry gulch and rivulet bed, Weeding my onion-patch or hoeing rows of carrots and parsnips, crossing savannas, trailing in forests, Prospecting, gold-digging, girdling the trees of a new purchase, Scorch'd ankle-deep by the hot sand, hauling my boat down the shallow river, Where the panther walks to and fro on a limb overhead, where the buck turns furiously at the hunter, Where the rattlesnake suns his flabby length on a rock, where the otter is feeding on fish, Where the alligator in his tough pimples sleeps by the bayou, Where the black bear is searching for roots or honey, where the beaver pats the mud with his paddle-shaped tail; Over the growing sugar, over the yellow-flower'd cotton plant, over the rice in its low moist field, Over the sharp-peak'd farm house, with its scallop'd scum and slender shoots from the gutters, Over the western persimmon, over the long-leav'd corn, over the delicate blue-flower flax, Over the white and brown buckwheat, a hummer and buzzer there with the rest, Over the dusky green of the rye as it ripples and shades in the breeze; Scaling mountains, pulling myself cautiously up, holding on by low scragged limbs, Walking the path worn in the grass and beat through the leaves of the brush, Where the quail is whistling betwixt the woods and the wheatlot, Where the bat flies in the Seventh-month eve, where the great gold-bug drops through the dark, Where the brook puts out of the roots of the old tree and flows to the meadow, Where cattle stand and shake away flies with the tremulous shuddering of their hides,\",\n \"Where the cheese-cloth hangs in the kitchen, where andirons straddle the hearth-slab, where cobwebs fall in festoons from the rafters; Where trip- hammers crash, where the press is whirling its cylinders, Where the human heart beats with terrible throes under its ribs, Where the pear-shaped balloon is floating aloft, (floating in it myself and looking composedly down,) Where the life-car is drawn on the slip-noose, where the heat hatches pale-green eggs in the dented sand, Where the she-whale swims with her calf and never forsakes it, Where the steam-ship trails hind-ways its long pennant of smoke, Where the fin of the shark cuts like a black chip out of the water, Where the half-burn'd brig is riding on unknown currents, Where shells grow to her slimy deck, where the dead are corrupting below; Where the dense-starr'd flag is borne at the head of the regiments, Approaching Manhattan up by the long- stretching island, Under Niagara, the cataract falling like a veil over my countenance, Upon a door-step, upon the horse-block of hard wood outside, Upon the race-course, or enjoying picnics or jigs or a good game of base-ball, At he-festivals, with blackguard gibes, ironical license, bull-dances, drinking, laughter, At the cider-mill tasting the sweets of the brown mash, sucking the juice through a straw, At apple-peelings wanting kisses for all the red fruit I find, At musters, beach-parties, friendly bees, huskings, house-raisings; Where the mocking-bird sounds his delicious gurgles, cackles, screams, weeps, Where the hay-rick stands in the barn-yard, where the dry-stalks are scatter'd, where the brood-cow waits in the hovel,\",\n \"Where the bull advances to do his masculine work, where the stud to the mare, where the cock is treading the hen, Where the heifers browse, where geese nip their food with short jerks, Where sun-down shadows lengthen over the limitless and lonesome prairie, Where herds of buffalo make a crawling spread of the square miles far and near, Where the humming-bird shimmers, where the neck of the long-lived swan is curving and winding, Where the laughing-gull scoots by the shore, where she laughs her near-human laugh, Where bee-hives range on a gray bench in the garden half hid by the high weeds, Where band- neck'd partridges roost in a ring on the ground with their heads out, Where burial coaches enter the arch'd gates of a cemetery, Where winter wolves bark amid wastes of snow and icicled trees, Where the yellow-crown'd heron comes to the edge of the marsh at night and feeds upon small crabs, Where the splash of swimmers and divers cools the warm noon, Where the katy-did works her chromatic reed on the walnut-tree over the wall, Through patches of citrons and cucumbers with silver-wired leaves, Through the salt-lick or orange glade, or under conical firs, Through the gymnasium, through the curtain'd saloon, through the office or public hall; Pleas'd with the native and pleas'd with the foreign, pleas'd with the new and old, Pleas'd with the homely woman as well as the handsome, Pleas'd with the quakeress as she puts off her bonnet and talks melodiously, Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the whitewash'd church, Pleas'd with the earnest words of the sweating Methodist preacher, impress'd seriously at the camp-meeting; Looking in at the shop-windows of Broadway the whole forenoon, flatting the flesh of my nose on the thick plate glass,\",\n \"Wandering the same afternoon with my face turn'd up to the clouds, or down a lane or along the beach, My right and left arms round the sides of two friends, and I in the middle; Coming home with the silent and dark-cheek'd bush-boy, (behind me he rides at the drape of the day,) Far from the settlements studying the print of animals' feet, or the moccasin print, By the cot in the hospital reaching lemonade to a feverish patient, Nigh the coffin'd corpse when all is still, examining with a candle; Voyaging to every port to dicker and adventure, Hurrying with the modern crowd as eager and flickle as any, Hot toward one I hate, ready in my madness to knife him, Solitary at midnight in my back yard, my thoughts gone from me a long while, Walking the old hills of Judaea with the beautiful gentle God by my side, Speeding through space, speeding through heaven and the stars, Speeding amid the seven satellites and the broad ring, and the diameter of eighty thousand miles, Speeding with tail'd meteors, throwing fire-balls like the rest, Carrying the crescent child that carries its own full mother in its belly, Storming, enjoying, planning, loving, cautioning, Backing and filling, appearing and disappearing, I tread day and night such roads.\",\n \"I visit the orchards of spheres and look at the product, And look at quintillions ripen'd and look at quintillions green.\",\n \"I anchor my ship for a little while only, My messengers continually cruise away or bring their returns to me.\",\n \"I go hunting polar furs and the seal, leaping chasms with a pike-pointed staff, clinging to topples of brittle and blue.\",\n \"I ascend to the foretruck, I take my place late at night in the crow's-nest, We sail the arctic sea, it is plenty light enough, Through the clear atmosphere I stretch around on the wonderful beauty, The enormous masses of ice pass me and I pass them, the scenery is plain in all directions, The white-topt mountains show in the distance, I fling out my fancies toward them, We are approaching some great battle-field in which we are soon to be engaged, We pass the colossal outposts of the encampment, we pass with still feet and caution, Or we are entering by the suburbs some vast and ruin'd city, The blocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.\",\n \"I am a free companion, I bivouac by invading watchfires, I turn the bridegroom out of bed and stay with the bride myself, I tighten her all night to my thighs and lips.\",\n \"My voice is the wife's voice, the screech by the rail of the stairs, They fetch my man's body up dripping and drown'd.\",\n \"I understand the large hearts of heroes, The courage of present times and all times, How the skipper saw the crowded and rudderless wreck of the steamship, and Death chasing it up and down the storm, How he knuckled tight and gave not back an inch, and was faithful of days and faithful of nights, And chalk'd in large letters on a board, Be of good cheer, we will not desert you;\",\n \"How he follow'd with them and tack'd with them three days and would not give it up, How he saved the drifting company at last, How the lank loose-gown'd women look'd when boated from the side of their prepared graves, How the silent old-faced infants and the lifted sick, and the sharp-lipp'd unshaved men; All this I swallow, it tastes good, I like it well, it becomes mine, I am the man, I suffer'd, I was there.\",\n \"The disdain and calmness of martyrs, The mother of old, condemn'd for a witch, burnt with dry wood, her children gazing on, The hounded slave that flags in the race, leans by the fence, blowing, cover'd with sweat, The twinges that sting like needles his legs and neck, the murderous buckshot and the bullets, All these I feel or am.\",\n \"I am the hounded slave, I wince at the bite of the dogs, Hell and despair are upon me, crack and again crack the marksmen, I clutch the rails of the fence, my gore dribs, thinn'd with the ooze of my skin, I fall on the weeds and stones, The riders spur their unwilling horses, haul close, Taunt my dizzy ears and beat me violently over the head with whip-stocks.\",\n \"Agonies are one of my changes of garments, I do not ask the wounded person how he feels, I myself become the wounded person, My hurts turn livid upon me as I lean on a cane and observe.\",\n \"I am the mash'd fireman with breast-bone broken, Tumbling walls buried me in their debris, Heat and smoke I inspired, I heard the yelling shouts of my comrades, I heard the distant click of their picks and shovels, They have clear'd the beams away, they tenderly life me forth.\",\n \"I lie in the night air in my red shirt, the pervading hush is for my sake, Painless after all I lie exhausted but not so unhappy, White and beautiful are the faces around me, the heads are bared of their fire-caps, The kneeling crowd fades with the light of the torches.\",\n \"Distant and dead resuscitate, They show as the dial or move as the hands of me, I am the clock myself.\",\n \"Again the long roll of the drummers, Again the attacking cannon, mortars, Again to my listeing ears the cannon responsive.\",\n \"I take part, I see and hear the whole, The cries, curses, roar, the plaudits for well-aim'd shots, The ambulanza slowly passing trailing its red drip, Workmen searching after damages, making indispensable repairs, The fall of grenades through the rent roof, the fan-shaped explosion, The whizz of limbs, heads, stone, wood, iron, high in the air.\",\n \"Again gurgles the mouth of my dying general, he furiously waves with his hand, He gasps through the clot Mind not me — mind — the entrenchments.\",\n \"Now I tell what I knew in Texas in my early youth, (I tell not the fall of Alamo, Not one escaped to tell the fall of Alamo, The hundred and fifty are dumb yet at Alamo,) 'Tis the tale of the murder in cold blood of four hundred and twelve young men.\",\n \"Retreating they had form'd in a hollow square with their baggage for breastworks, Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, nine times their number, was the price they took in advance, Their colonel was wounded and their ammunition gone, They treated for an honorable capitulation, receiv'd writing and seal, gave up their arms and march'd back prisoners of war.\",\n \"They were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with horse, rifle, song, supper, courtship, Large, turbulent, generous, handsome, proud, and affectionate, Bearded, sunburnt, drest in the free costume of hunters, Not a single one over thirty years of age.\",\n \"The second First-day morning they were brought out in squads and massacred, it was beautiful early summer, The work commenced about five o'clock and was over by eight.\",\n \"None obey'd the command to kneel, Some made a mad and helpless rush, some stood stark and straight, A few fell at once, shot in the temple or heart, the living and dead lay together, The maim'd and mangled dug in the dirt, the new- comers saw them there, Some half-kill'd attempted to crawl away, These were despatch'd with bayonets or batter'd with the blunts of muskets. A youth not seventeen years old seiz'd his assassin till two more came to release him, The three were all torn and cover'd with the boy's blood.\",\n \"At eleven o'clock began the burning of the bodies; That is the tale of the murder of the four hundred and twelve young men.\",\n \"Would you hear of an old-time sea-fight? Would you learn who won by the light of the moon and stars? List to the yarn, as my grandmother's father the sailor told it to me.\",\n \"Our foe was no skulk in his ship I tell you, (said he,) His was the surly English pluck, and there is no tougher or truer, and never was, and never will be; Along the lower'd eve he came horribly raking us.\",\n \"We had receiv'd some eighteen pound shots under the water, On our lower-gun- deck two large pieces had burst at the first fire, killing all around and blowing up overhead.\",\n \"Fighting at sun-down, fighting at dark, Ten o'clock at night, the full moon well up, our leaks on the gain, and five feet of water reported, The master- at-arms loosing the prisoners confined in the after-hold to give them a chance for themselves.\",\n \"The transit to and from the magazine is now stopt by the sentinels, They see so many strange faces they do not know whom to trust.\",\n \"Our frigate takes fire, The other asks if we demand quarter? If our colors are struck and the fighting done?\",\n \"Now I laugh content, for I hear the voice of my little captain, We have not struck, he composedly cries, we have just begun our part of the fighting.\",\n \"Only three guns are in use, One is directed by the captain himself against the enemy's main-mast, Two well serv'd with grape and canister silence his musketry and clear his decks.\",\n \"The tops alone second the fire of this little battery, especially the main- top, They hold out bravely during the whole of the action.\",\n \"Serene stands the little captain, He is not hurried, his voice is neither high nor low, His eyes give more light to us than our battle-lanterns.\",\n \"Stretch'd and still lies the midnight, Two great hulls motionless on the breast of the darkness, Our vessel riddled and slowly sinking, preparations to pass to the one we have conquer'd, The captain on the quarter-deck coldly giving his orders through a countenance white as a sheet, Near by the corpse of the child that serv'd in the cabin, The dead face of an old salt with long white hair and carefully curl'd whiskers, The flames spite of all that can be done flickering aloft and below, The husky voices of the two or three officers yet fit for duty, Formless stacks of bodies and bodies by themselves, dabs of flesh upon the masts and spars, Cut of cordage, dangle of rigging, slight shock of the soothe of waves, Black and impassive guns, litter of powder- parcels, strong scent, A few large stars overhead, silent and mournful shining, Delicate sniffs of sea-breeze, smells of sedgy grass and fields by the shore, death-messages given in charge to survivors,\",\n \"The hiss of the surgeon's knife, the gnawing teeth of his saw, Wheeze, cluck, swash of falling blood, short wild scream, and long, dull, tapering groan, These so, these irretrievable.\",\n \"You laggards there on guard! look to your arms! In at the conquer'd doors they crowd! I am possess'd! Embody all presences outlaw'd or suffering, See myself in prison shaped like another man, And feel the dull unintermitted pain, For me the keepers of convicts shoulder their carbines and keep watch, It is I let out in the morning and barr'd at night.\",\n \"Not a mutineer walks handcuff'd to jail but I am handcuff'd to him and walk by his side, (I am less the jolly one there, and more the silent one with sweat on my twitching lips.)\",\n \"Not a cholera patient lies at the last gasp but I also lie at the last gasp, My face is ash-color'd, my sinews gnarl, away from me people retreat.\",\n \"Enough! enough! enough! Somehow I have been stunn'd. Stand back! Give me a little time beyond my cuff'd head, slumbers, dreams, gaping, I discover myself on the verse of a usual mistake.\",\n \"That I could forget the mockers and insults! That I could forget the trickling tears and the blows of the bludgeons and hammers! That I could look with a separate look on my own crucifixion and bloody crowning!\",\n \"I remember now, I resume the overstaid fraction, The grave of rock multiplies what has been confided to it, or to any graves, Corpses rise, gashes heal, fastenings roll from me.\",\n \"I troop forth replenish'd with supreme power, one of an average unending procession, Inland and sea-coast we go, and pass all boundary lines, Our swift ordinances on their way over the whole earth, The blossoms we wear in our hats the growth of thousands of years.\",\n \"Is he some Southwesterner rais'd out-doors? is he Kanadian? Is he from the Mississippi country? Iowa, Oregon, California? The mountains? prairie-life, bush-life? or sailor from the sea?\",\n \"Wherever he goes men and women accept and desire him, They desire he should like them, touch them, speak to them, stay with them.\",\n \"Behavior lawless as snow-flakes, words simple as grass, uncomb'd head, laughter, and naivet�, Slow-stepping feet, common features, common modes and emanations, They descend in new forms from the tips of his fingers,\",\n \"They are wafted with the odor of his body or breath, they fly out of the glance of his eyes.\",\n \"Flaunt of the sunshine I need not your bask — lie over! You light surfaces only, I force surfaces and depths also.\",\n \"Man or woman, I might tell how I like you, but cannot, And might tell what it is in me and what it is in you, but cannot, And might tell that pining I have, that pulse of my nights and days.\",\n \"You there, impotent, loose in the knees, Open your scarf'd chops till I blow grit within you, Spread your palms and life the flaps of your pockets, I am not to be denied, I compel, I have stores plenty and to spare, And any thing I have I bestow.\",\n \"I do not ask who you are, that is not important to me, You can do nothing and be nothing but what I will infold you.\",\n \"To cotton-field drudge or cleaner of privies I lean, On his right cheek I put the family kiss, And in my soul I swear I never will deny him.\",\n \"On women fit for conception I start bigger and nimbler babes, (This day I am jetting the stuff of far more arrogant republics.)\",\n \"I seize the descending man and raise him with resistless will, O despairer, here is my neck, By God, you shall not go down! hang your whole weight upon me.\",\n \"I dilate you with tremendous breath, I buoy you up, Every room of the house do I fill with an arm'd force, Lovers of me, bafflers of graves.\",\n \"Sleep — I and they keep guard all night, Not doubt, not disease shall dare to lay finger upon you, I have embraced you, and henceforth possess you to myself, And when you rise in the morning you will find what I tell you is so.\",\n \"I am he bringing help for the sick as they pant on their backs, And for strong upright men I bring yet more needed help.\",\n \"I heard what was said of the universe, Heard it and heard it of several thousand years; It is middling well as far as it goes — but is that all?\",\n \"Magnifying and applying come I, Outbidding at the start the old cautious hucksters, Taking myself the exact dimensions of Jehovah, Lithographing Kronos, Zeus his son, and Hercules his grandson, Buying drafts of Osiris, Isis, Belus, Brahma, Buddha, In my portfolio placing Manito loose, Allah on a leaf, the crucifix engraved, With Odin and the hideous-faced Mexitli and every idol and image, Taking them all for what they are worth and not a cent more, Admitting they were alive and did the work of their days, (They bore mites as for unfledg'd birds who have now to rise and fly and sing for themselves,)\",\n \"Accepting the rough deific sketches to fill out better in myself, bestowing them freely on each man and woman I see, Discovering as much or more in a framer framing a house, Putting higher claims for him there with his roll'd-up sleeves driving the mallet and chisel, Not objecting to special revelations, considering a curl of smoke or a hair on the back of my hand just as curious as any revelation, Lads ahold of fire-engines and hook-and-ladder ropes no less to me than the gods of the antique wars, Minding their voices peal through the crash of destruction, Their brawny limbs passing safe over charr'd laths, their white foreheads whole and unhurt out of the flames; By the mechanic's wife with her babe at her nipple interceding for every person born, Three scythes at harvest whizzing in a row from three lusty angels with shirts bagg'd out at their waists, The snag-tooth'd hostler with red hair redeeming sins past and to come, Selling all he possesses, traveling on foot to fee lawyers for his brother and sit by him while he is tried for forgery; What was strewn in the amplest strewing the square rod about me, and not filling the square rod then, The bull and the bug never worshipp'd half enough, Dung and dirt more admirable than was dream'd, The supernatural of no account, myself waiting my time to be one of the supremes, The day getting ready for me when I shall do as much good as the best, and be as prodigious; By my life-lumps! becoming already a creator, Putting myself here and now to the ambush'd womb of the shadows.\",\n \"My head slues round on my neck, Music rolls, but not from the organ, Folks are around me, but they are no household of mine.\",\n \"Ever the hard unsunk ground, Ever the eaters and drinkers, ever the upward and downward sun, ever the air and the ceaseless tides, Ever myself and my neighbors, refreshing, wicked, real, Ever the old inexplicable query, ever that thorn'd thumb, that breath of itches and thirsts, Ever the vexer's hoot! hoot! till we find where the sly one hides and bring him forth, Ever love, ever the sobbing liquid of life, Ever the bandage under the chin, ever the trestles of death.\",\n \"Here and there with dimes on the eyes walking, To feed the greed of the belly the brains liberally spooning, Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the feast never once going, Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the chaff for payment receiving, A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually claiming.\",\n \"This is the city and I am one of the citizens, Whatever interests the rest interests me, politics, wars, markets, newspapers, schools, The mayor and councils, banks, tariffs, steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate and personal estate.\",\n \"The little plentiful manikins skipping around in collars and tail'd coats, I am aware who they are, (they are positively not worms or fleas,) I acknowledge the duplicates of myself, the weakest and shallowest is deathless with me,\",\n \"What I do and say the same waits for them, Every thought that flounders in me the same flounders in them.\",\n \"I know perfectly well my own egotism, Know my omnivorous lines and must not write any less, And would fetch you whoever you are flush with myself.\",\n \"Not words of routine this song of mine, But abruptly to question, to leap beyond yet nearer bring; This printed and bound book — but the printer and the printing-office boy? The well-taken photographs — but your wife or friend close and solid in your arms? The black ship mail'd with iron, her mighty guns in her turrets — but the pluck of the captain and engineers? In the houses the dishes and fare and furniture — but the host and hostess, and the look out of their eyes? The sky up there — yet here or next door, or across the way? The saints and sages in history — but you yourself? Sermons, creeds, theology — but the fathomless human brain, And what is reason? and what is love? and what is life?\",\n \"I do not despise you priests, all time, the world over, My faith is the greatest of faiths and the least of faiths, Enclosing worship ancient and modern and all between ancient and modern, Believing I shall come again upon the earth after five thousand years, Waiting responses from oracles, honoring the gods, saluting the sun, Making a fetich of the first rock or stump, powowing with sticks in the circle of obis, Helping the llama or brahmin as he trims the lamps of the idols, Dancing yet through the streets in a phallic procession, rapt and austere in the woods a gymnosophist, Drinking mead from the skull-cup, to Shastas and Vedas admirant, minding the Koran,\",\n \"Walking the teokallis, spotted with gore from the stone and knife, beating the serpent-skin drum, Accepting the Gospels, accepting him that was crucified, knowing assuredly that he is divine, To the mass kneeling or the puritan's prayer rising, or sitting patiently in a pew, Ranting and frothing in my insane crisis, or waiting dead-like till my spirit arouses me, Looking forth on pavement and land, or outside of pavement and land, Belonging to the winders of the circuit of circuits.\",\n \"Down-hearted doubters dull and excluded, Frivolous, sullen, moping, angry, affected, dishearten'd, atheistical, I know every one of you, I know the sea of torment, doubt, despair and unbelief.\",\n \"Be at peace bloody flukes of doubters and sullen mopers, I take my place among you as much as among any, The past is the push of you, me, all, precisely the same, And what is yet untried and afterward is for you, me, all precisely the same.\",\n \"I do not know what is untried and afterward, But I know it will in its turn prove sufficient, and cannot fail.\",\n \"It cannot fail the young man who died and was buried, Nor the young woman who died and was put by his side, Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door, and then drew back and was never seen again,\",\n \"Nor the old man who has lived without purpose, and feels it with bitterness worse than gall, Nor him in the poor house tubercled by rum and the bad disorder, Nor the numberless slaughter'd and wreck'd, nor the brutish koboo call'd the ordure of humanity, Nor the sacs merely floating with open mouths for food to slip in, Nor any thing in the earth, or down in the oldest graves of the earth, Nor any thing in the myriads of spheres, nor the myriads of myriads that inhabit them, Nor the present, nor the least wisp that is known.\",\n \"I do not call one greater and one smaller, That which fills its period and place is equal to any.\",\n \"Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister? I am sorry for you, they are not murderous or jealous upon me, All has been gentle with me, I keep no account with lamentation, (What have I to do with lamentation?)\",\n \"My feet strike an apex of the apices of the stairs, On every step bunches of ages, and larger bunches between the steps, All below duly travel'd, and still I mount and mount.\",\n \"Rise after rise bow the phantoms behind me, Afar down I see the huge first Nothing, I know I was even there, I waited unseen and always, and slept through the lethargic mist, And took my time, and took no hurt from the fetid carbon.\",\n \"Cycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like cheerful boatmen, For room to me stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after what was to hold me.\",\n \"Before I was born out of my mother generations guided me, My embryo has never been torpid, nothing could overlay it.\",\n \"For it the nebula cohered to an orb, The long slow strata piled to rest it on, Vast vegetables gave it sustenance, Monstrous sauroids transported it in their mouths and deposited it with care.\",\n \"All forces have been steadily employ'd to complete and delight me, Now on this spot I stand with my robust soul.\",\n \"My lovers suffocate me, Crowding my lips, thick in the pores of my skin, Jostling me through streets and public halls, coming naked to me at night, Crying by day Ahoy! from the rocks of the river, swinging and chirping over my head, Calling my name from flower-beds, vines, tangled underbrush, Lighting on every moment of my life, Bussing my body with soft balsamic busses, Noiselessly passing handfuls out of their hearts and giving them to be mine.\",\n \"Every condition promulges not only itself, it promulges what grows after and out of itself, And the dark hush promulges as much as any.\",\n \"I open my scuttle at night and see the far-sprinkled systems, And all I see multiplied as high as I can cipher edge but the rim of the farther systems.\",\n \"My sun has his sun and round him obediently wheels, He joins with his partners a group of superior circuit, And greater sets follow, making specks of the greatest inside them.\",\n \"There is no stoppage and never can be stoppage, If I, you, and the worlds, and all beneath or upon their surfaces, were this moment reduced back to a pallid float, it would not avail in the long run, We should surely bring up again where we now stand, And surely go as much farther, and then farther and farther.\",\n \"A few quadrillions of eras, a few octillions of cubic leagues, do not hazard the span or make it impatient, They are but parts, any thing is but a part.\",\n \"See ever so far, there is limitless space outside of that, Count ever so much, there is limitless time around that.\",\n \"My rendezvous is appointed, it is certain, The Lord will be there and wait till I come on perfect terms, The great Camerado, the lover true for whom I pine will be there.\",\n \"I tramp a perpetual journey, (come listen all!) My signs are a rain-proof coat, good shoes, and a staff cut from the woods, No friend of mine takes his ease in my chair, I have no chair, no church, no philosophy, I lead no man to a dinner-table, library, exchange, But each man and each woman of you I lead upon a knoll, My left hand hooking you round the waist, My right hand pointing to landscapes of continents and the public road.\",\n \"It is not far, it is within reach, Perhaps you have been on it since you were born and did not know, Perhaps it is everywhere on water and on land.\",\n \"Shoulder your duds dear son, and I will mine, and let us hasten forth, Wonderful cities and free nations we shall fetch as we go.\",\n \"If you tire, give me both burdens, and rest the chuff of your hand on my hip, And in due time you shall repay the same service to me, For after we start we never lie by again.\",\n \"This day before dawn I ascended a hill and look'd at the crowded heaven, And I said to my spirit When we become the enfolders of those orbs, and the pleasure and knowledge of every thing in them, shall we be fill'd and satisfied then? And my spirit said No, we but level that lift to pass and continue beyond.\",\n \"You are also asking me questions and I hear you, I answer that I cannot answer, you must find out for yourself.\",\n \"Sit a while dear son, Here are biscuits to eat and here is milk to drink, But as soon as you sleep and renew yourself in sweet clothes, I kiss you with a good-by kiss and open the gate for your egress hence.\",\n \"Long enough have you dream'd contemptible dreams, Now I wash the gum from your eyes, You must habit yourself to the dazzle of the light and of every moment of your life.\",\n \"Long have you timidly waded holding a plank by the shore, Now I will you to be a bold swimmer, To jump off in the midst of the sea, rise again, nod to me, shout, and laughingly dash with your hair.\",\n \"I am the teacher of athletes, He that by me spreads a wider breast than my own proves the width of my own, He most honors my style who learns under it to destroy the teacher.\",\n \"The boy I love, the same becomes a man not through derived power, but in his own right, Wicked rather than virtuous out of conformity or fear, Fond of his sweetheart, relishing well his steak, Unrequited love or a slight cutting him worse than sharp steel cuts,\",\n \"First-rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bull's eye, to sail a skiff, to sing a song or play on the banjo, Preferring scars and the beard and faces pitted with small-pox over all latherers, And those well-tann'd to those that keep out of the sun.\",\n \"I teach straying from me, yet who can stray from me? I follow you whoever you are from the present hour, My words itch at your ears till you understand them.\",\n \"I do not say these things for a dollar or to fill up the time while I wait for a boat, (It is you talking just as much as myself, I act as the tongue of you, Tied in your mouth, in mine it begins to be loosen'd.)\",\n \"I swear I will never again mention love or death inside a house, And I swear I will never translate myself at all, only to him or her who privately stays with me in the open air.\",\n \"If you would understand me go to the heights or water-shore, The nearest gnat is an explanation, and a drop or motion of waves a key, The maul, the oar, the hand-saw, second my words.\",\n \"The young mechanic is closest to me, he knows me well, The woodman that takes his axe and jug with him shall take me with him all day, The farm-boy ploughing in the field feels good at the sound of my voice, In vessels that sail my words sail, I go with fishermen and seamen and love them.\",\n \"The soldier camp'd or upon the march is mine, On the night ere the pending battle many seek me, and I do not fail them,\",\n \"My face rubs to the hunter's face when he lies down alone in his blanket, The driver thinking of me does not mind the jolt of his wagon, The young mother and old mother comprehend me, The girl and the wife rest the needle a moment and forget where they are, They and all would resume what I have told them.\",\n \"I have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the body is not more than the soul, And nothing, not God, is greater to one than one's self is, And whoever walks a furlong without sympathy walks to his own funeral drest in his shroud, And I or you pocketless of a dime may purchase the pick of the earth, And to glance with an eye or show a bean in its pod confounds the learning of all times, And there is no trade or employment but the young man following it may become a hero, And there is no object so soft but it makes a hub for the wheel'd universe, And I say to any man or woman, Let your soul stand cool and composed before a million universes.\",\n \"And I say to mankind, Be not curious about God, For I who am curious about each am not curious about God, (No array of terms can say how much I am at peace about God and about death.)\",\n \"I hear and behold God in every object, yet understand God not in the least, Nor do I understand who there can be more wonderful than myself.\",\n \"Why should I wish to see God better than this day? I see something of God each hour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I see God, and in my own face in the glass, I find letters from God dropt in the street, and every one is sign'd by God's name, And I leave them where they are, for I know that wheresoe'er I go, Others will punctually come for ever and ever.\",\n \"To his work without flinching the accoucheur comes, I see the elder-hand pressing receiving supporting, I recline by the sills of the exquisite flexible doors, And mark the outlet, and mark the relief and escape.\",\n \"And as to you Corpse I think you are good manure, but that does not offend me, I smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips, I reach to the polish'd breasts of melons.\",\n \"And as to you Life I reckon you are the leavings of many deaths, (No doubt I have died myself ten thousand times before.)\",\n \"I hear you whispering there O stars of heaven, O suns — O grass of graves — O perpetual transfers and promotions, If you do not say any thing how can I say any thing?\",\n \"Of the turbid pool that lies in the autumn forest, Of the moon that descends the steeps of the soughing twilight, Toss, sparkles of day and dusk — toss on the black stems that decay in the muck, Toss to the moaning gibberish of the dry limbs.\",\n \"I ascend from the moon, I ascend from the night, I perceive that the ghastly glimmer is noonday sunbeams reflected, And debouch to the steady and central from the offspring great or small.\",\n \"There is that in me — I do not know what it is — but I know it is in me.\",\n \"I do not know it — it is without name — it is a word unsaid, It is not in any dictionary, utterance, symbol.\",\n \"Something it swings on more than the earth I swing on, To it the creation is the friend whose embracing awakes me.\",\n \"Do you see O my brothers and sisters? It is not chaos or death — it is form, union, plan — it is eternal life — it is Happiness.\",\n \"The past and present wilt — I have fill'd them, emptied them, And proceed to fill my next fold of the future.\",\n \"Listener up there! what have you to confide to me? Look in my face while I snuff the sidle of evening, (Talk honestly, no one else hears you, and I stay only a minute longer.)\",\n \"Who has done his day's work? who will soonest be through with his supper? Who wishes to walk with me?\",\n \"I too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable, I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world.\",\n \"The last scud of day holds back for me, It flings my likeness after the rest and true as any on the shadow'd wilds, It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk.\",\n \"I depart as air, I shake my white locks at the runaway sun, I effuse my flesh in eddies, and drift it in lacy jags.\",\n \"I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love, If you want me again look for me under your boot-soles.\",\n \"You will hardly know who I am or what I mean, But I shall be good health to you nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood.\",\n \"Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged, Missing me one place search another, I stop somewhere waiting for you.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Whitman's \\\"Song of Myself\\\"\\n\\n# Whitman's \\\"Song of Myself\\\"\\n\\n1\\n\\nI CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For\\nevery atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.\\n\\nI loafe and invite my soul, I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of\\nsummer grass.\\n\\nMy tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here\\nof parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now\\nthirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till\\ndeath.\\n\\nCreeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they\\nare, but never forgotten, I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every\\nhazard, Nature without check with original energy.\\n\\n2\\n\\nHouses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with perfumes,\\nI breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it, The distillation would\\nintoxicate me also, but I shall not let it.\\n\\nThe atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the distillation, it is\\nodorless, It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it, I will go to the\\nbank by the wood and become undisguised and naked, I am mad for it to be in\\ncontact with me.\\n\\nThe smoke of my own breath, Echoes, ripples, buzz'd whispers, love-root, silk-\\nthread, crotch and vine, My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my\\nheart, the passing of blood and air through my lungs, The sniff of green\\nleaves and dry leaves, and of the shore and dark-color'd sea-rocks, and of hay\\nin the barn, The sound of the belch'd words of my voice loos'd to the eddies\\nof the wind, A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around of arms,\\nThe play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag, The delight\\nalone or in the rush of the streets, or along the fields and hill-sides, The\\nfeeling of health, the full-noon trill, the song of me rising from bed and\\nmeeting the sun.\\n\\nHave you reckon'd a thousand acres much? have you reckon'd the earth much?\\nHave you practis'd so long to learn to read? Have you felt so proud to get at\\nthe meaning of poems?\\n\\nStop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems,\\nYou shall possess the good of the earth and sun, (there are millions of suns\\nleft,) You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look\\nthrough the eyes of the dead, nor feed on the spectres in books, You shall not\\nlook through my eyes either, nor take things from me, You shall listen to all\\nsides and filter them from your self.\\n\\n3\\n\\nI have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the\\nend, But I do not talk of the beginning or the end.\\n\\nThere was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or\\nage than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is\\nnow, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.\\n\\nUrge and urge and urge, Always the procreant urge of the world. Out of the\\ndimness opposite equals advance, always substance and increase, always sex,\\nAlways a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed of life.\\n\\nTo elaborate is no avail, learn'd and unlearn'd feel that it is so.\\n\\nSure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, well entretied, braced\\nin the beams, Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical, I and this\\nmystery here we stand.\\n\\nClear and sweet is my soul, and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul.\\n\\nLack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by the seen, Till that becomes\\nunseen and receives proof in its turn.\\n\\nShowing the best and dividing it from the worst age vexes age, Knowing the\\nperfect fitness and equanimity of things, while they discuss I am silent, and\\ngo bathe and admire myself.\\n\\nWelcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of any man hearty and clean,\\nNot an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be less familiar\\nthan the rest.\\n\\nI am satisfied — I see, dance, laugh, sing; As the hugging and loving bed-\\nfellow sleeps at my side through the night, and withdraws at the peep of the\\nday with stealthy tread, Leaving me baskets cover'd with white towels swelling\\nthe house with their plenty, Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization\\nand scream at my eyes, That they turn from gazing after and down the road, And\\nforthwith cipher and show me to a cent, Exactly the value of one and exactly\\nthe value of two, and which is ahead?\\n\\n4\\n\\nTrippers and askers surround me, People I meet, the effect upon me of my early\\nlife or the ward and city I live in, or the nation, The latest dates,\\ndiscoveries, inventions, societies, authors old and new, My dinner, dress,\\nassociates, looks, compliments, dues, The real or fancied indifference of some\\nman or woman I love, The sickness of one of my folks or of myself, or ill-\\ndoing or loss or lack of money, or depressions or exaltations, Battles, the\\nhorrors of fratricidal war, the fever of doubtful news, the fitful events;\\nThese come to me days and nights and go from me again, But they are not the Me\\nmyself. Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I am, Stands amused,\\ncomplacent, compassionating, idle, unitary, Looks down, is erect, or bends an\\narm on an impalpable certain rest, Looking with side-curved head curious what\\nwill come next, Both in and out of the game and watching and wondering at it.\\n\\nBackward I see in my own days where I sweated through fog with linguists and\\ncontenders, I have no mockings or arguments, I witness and wait.\\n\\n5\\n\\nI believe in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you, And you\\nmust not be abased to the other.\\n\\nLoafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat, Not words, not\\nmusic or rhyme I want, not custom or lecture, not even the best, Only the lull\\nI like, the hum of your valved voice.\\n\\nI mind how once we lay such a transparent summer morning, How you settled your\\nhead athwart my hips and gently turn'd over upon me, And parted the shirt from\\nmy bosom-bone, and plunged your tongue to my bare-stript heart, And reach'd\\ntill you felt my beard, and reach'd till you held my feet.\\n\\nSwiftly arose and spread around me the peace and knowledge that pass all the\\nargument of the earth, And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my\\nown, And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of my own, And that all\\nthe men ever born are also my brothers, and the women my sisters and lovers,\\n\\nAnd that a kelson of the creation is love, And limitless are leaves stiff or\\ndrooping in the fields, And brown ants in the little wells beneath them, And\\nmossy scabs of the worm fence, heap'd stones, elder, mullein and poke-weed.\\n\\n6\\n\\nA child said What is the grass? fetching it to me with full hands, How could I\\nanswer the child? I do not know what it is any more than he.\\n\\nI guess it must be the flag of my disposition, out of hopeful green stuff\\nwoven.\\n\\nOr I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord, A scented gift and remembrancer\\ndesignedly dropt, Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, that we may\\nsee and remark, and say Whose?\\n\\nOr I guess the grass is itself a child, the produced babe of the vegetation.\\n\\nOr I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic, And it means, Sprouting alike in\\nbroad zones and narrow zones, Growing among black folks as among white,\\nKanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them the same, I receive them the\\nsame.\\n\\nAnd now it seems to me the beautiful uncut hair of graves.\\n\\nTenderly will I use you curling grass, It may be you transpire from the\\nbreasts of young men, It may be if I had known them I would have loved them,\\nIt may be you are from old people, or from offspring taken soon out of their\\nmothers' laps, And here you are the mothers' laps.\\n\\nThis grass is very dark to be from the white heads of old mothers, Darker than\\nthe colourless beards of old men, Dark to come from under the faint red roofs\\nof mouths.\\n\\nO I perceive after all so many uttering tongues, And I perceive they do not\\ncome from the roofs of mouths for nothing.\\n\\nI wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women, And the\\nhints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken soon out of their\\nlaps.\\n\\nWhat do you think has become of the young and old men? And what do you think\\nhas become of the women and children?\\n\\nThey are alive and well somewhere, The smallest sprout shows there is really\\nno death, And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the\\nend to arrest it, And ceas'd the moment life appear'd.\\n\\nAll goes onward and outward, nothing collapses, And to die is different from\\nwhat any one supposed, and luckier.\\n\\n7\\n\\nHas any one supposed it lucky to be born? I hasten to inform him or her it is\\njust as lucky to die, and I know it.\\n\\nI pass death with the dying and birth with the new-wash'd babe, and am not\\ncontain'd between my hat and boots, And peruse manifold objects, no two alike\\nand every one good, The earth good and the stars good, and their adjuncts all\\ngood.\\n\\nI am not an earth nor an adjunct of an earth, I am the mate and companion of\\npeople, all just as immortal and fathomless as myself, (They do not know how\\nimmortal, but I know.)\\n\\nEvery kind for itself and its own, for me mine male and female, For me those\\nthat have been boys and that love women, For me the man that is proud and\\nfeels how it stings to be slighted,\\n\\nFor me the sweet-heart and the old maid, for me mothers and the mothers of\\nmothers, For me lips that have smiled, eyes that have shed tears, For me\\nchildren and the begetters of children.\\n\\nUndrape! you are not guilty to me, nor stale nor discarded, I see through the\\nbroadcloth and gingham whether or no, And am around, tenacious, acquisitive,\\ntireless, and cannot be shaken away.\\n\\n8\\n\\nThe little one sleeps in its cradle, I lift the gauze and look a long time,\\nand silently brush away flies with my hand.\\n\\nThe youngster and the red-faced girl turn aside up the bushy hill, I peeringly\\nview them from the top.\\n\\nThe suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the bedroom, I witness the corpse\\nwith its dabbled hair, I note where the pistol has fallen.\\n\\nThe blab of the pave, tires of carts, sluff of boot-soles, talk of the\\npromenaders, The heavy omnibus, the driver with his interrogating thumb, the\\nclank of the shod horses on the granite floor, The snow-sleighs, clinking,\\nshouted jokes, pelts of snow-balls, The hurrahs for popular favorites, the\\nfury of rous'd mobs, The flap of the curtain'd litter, a sick man inside borne\\nto the hospital, The meeting of enemies, the sudden oath, the blows and fall,\\nThe excited crowd, the policeman with his star quickly working his passage to\\nthe centre of the crowd, The impassive stones that receive and return so many\\nechoes, What groans of over-fed or half-starv'd who fall sunstruck or in fits,\\nWhat exclamations of women taken suddenly who hurry home and give birth to\\nbabes,\\n\\nWhat living and buried speech is always vibrating here, what howls restrain'd\\nby decorum, Arrests of criminals, slights, adulterous offers made,\\nacceptances, rejections with convex lips, I mind them or the show or resonance\\nof them — I come and I depart.\\n\\n9\\n\\nThe big doors of the country barn stand open and ready, The dried grass of the\\nharvest-time loads the slow-drawn wagon, The clear light plays on the brown\\ngray and green intertinged, The armfuls are pack'd to the sagging mow.\\n\\nI am there, I help, I came stretch'd atop of the load, I felt its soft jolts,\\none leg reclined on the other, I jump from the cross-beams and seize the\\nclover and timothy, And roll head over heels and tangle my hair full of wisps.\\n\\n10\\n\\nAlone far in the wilds and mountains I hunt, Wandering amazed at my own\\nlightness and glee, In the late afternoon choosing a safe spot to pass the\\nnight, Kindling a fire and broiling the fresh-kill'd game, Falling asleep on\\nthe gather'd leaves with my dog and gun by my side.\\n\\nThe Yankee clipper is under her sky-sails, she cuts the sparkle and scud, My\\neyes settle the land, I bend at her prow or shout joyously from the deck.\\n\\nThe boatmen and clam-diggers arose early and stopt for me, I tuck'd my\\ntrowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time; You should have been\\nwith us that day round the chowder-kettle.\\n\\nI saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in the far west, the bride\\nwas a red girl, Her father and his friends sat near cross-legged and dumbly\\nsmoking, they had moccasins to their feet and large thick blankets hanging\\nfrom their shoulders, On a bank lounged the trapper, he was drest mostly in\\nskins, his luxuriant beard and curls protected his neck, he held his bride by\\nthe hand, She had long eyelashes, her head was bare, her coarse straight locks\\ndescended upon her voluptuous limbs and reach'd to her feet.\\n\\nThe runaway slave came to my house and stopt outside, I heard his motions\\ncrackling the twigs of the woodpile, Through the swung half-door of the\\nkitchen I saw him limpsy and weak, And went where he sat on a log and led him\\nin and assured him, And brought water and fill'd a tub for his sweated body\\nand bruis'd feet, And gave him a room that enter'd from my own, and gave him\\nsome coarse clean clothes, And remember perfectly well his revolving eyes and\\nhis awkwardness, And remember putting plasters on the galls of his neck and\\nankles; He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass'd north, I\\nhad him sit next me at table, my fire-lock lean'd in the corner.\\n\\n11\\n\\nTwenty-eight young men bathe by the shore, Twenty-eight young men and all so\\nfriendly; Twenty-eight years of womanly life and all so lonesome.\\n\\nShe owns the fine house by the rise of the bank, She hides handsome and richly\\ndrest aft the blinds of the window.\\n\\nWhich of the young men does she like the best? Ah the homeliest of them is\\nbeautiful to her.\\n\\nWhere are you off to, lady? for I see you, You splash in the water there, yet\\nstay stock still in your room.\\n\\nDancing and laughing along the beach came the twenty-ninth bather, The rest\\ndid not see her, but she saw them and loved them.\\n\\nThe beards of the young men glisten'd with wet, it ran from their long hair,\\nLittle streams pass'd all over their bodies.\\n\\nAn unseen hand also pass'd over their bodies, It descended tremblingly from\\ntheir temples and ribs.\\n\\nThe young men float on their backs, their white bellies bulge to the sun, they\\ndo not ask who seizes fast to them, They do not know who puffs and declines\\nwith pendant and bending arch, They do not think whom they souse with spray.\\n\\n12\\n\\nThe butcher-boy puts off his killing-clothes, or sharpens his knife at the\\nstall in the market, I loiter enjoying his repartee and his shuffle and break-\\ndown.\\n\\nBlacksmiths with grimed and hairy chests environ the anvil, Each has his main-\\nsledge, they are all out, there is a great heat in the fire.\\n\\nFrom the cinder-strew'd threshold I follow their movements, The lithe sheer of\\ntheir waists plays even with their massive arms, Overhand the hammers swing,\\noverhand so slow, overhand so sure, They do not hasten, each man hits in his\\nplace.\\n\\n13\\n\\nThe negro holds firmly the reins of his four horses, the block swags\\nunderneath on its tied-over chain, The negro that drives the long dray of the\\nstone-yard, steady and tall he stands pois'd on one leg on the string-piece,\\nHis blue shirt exposes his ample neck and breast and loosens over his hip-\\nband, His glance is calm and commanding, he tosses the slouch of his hat away\\nfrom his forehead, The sun falls on his crispy hair and mustache, falls on the\\nblack of his polish'd and perfect limbs.\\n\\nI behold the picturesque giant and love him, and I do not stop there, I go\\nwith the team also.\\n\\nIn me the caresser of life wherever moving, backward as well as forward\\nsluing, To niches aside and junior bending, not a person or object missing,\\nAbsorbing all to myself and for this song.\\n\\nOxen that rattle the yoke and chain or halt in the leafy shade, what is that\\nyou express in your eyes? It seems to me more than all the print I have read\\nin my life.\\n\\nMy tread scares the wood-drake and wood-duck on my distant and day-long\\nramble, They rise together, they slowly circle around.\\n\\nI believe in those wing'd purposes, And acknowledge red, yellow, white,\\nplaying within me, And consider green and violet and the tufted crown\\nintentional, And do not call the tortoise unworthy because she is not\\nsomething else, And the jay in the woods never studied the gamut, yet trills\\npretty well to me, And the look of the bay mare shames silliness out of me.\\n\\n14\\n\\nThe wild gander leads his flock through the cool night, Ya-honk he says, and\\nsounds it down to me like an invitation, The pert may suppose it meaningless,\\nbut I listening close, Find its purpose and place up there toward the wintry\\nsky.\\n\\nThe sharp-hoof'd moose of the north, the cat on the housesill, the chickadee,\\nthe prairie-dog, The litter of the grunting sow as they tug at her teats, The\\nbrood of the turkey-hen and she with her half-spread wings, I see in them and\\nmyself the same old law.\\n\\nThe press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred affections, They scorn the\\nbest I can do to relate them.\\n\\nI am enamour'd of growing out-doors, Of men that live among cattle or taste of\\nthe ocean or woods, Of the builders and steerers of ships and the wielders of\\naxes and mauls, and the drivers of horses, I can eat and sleep with them week\\nin and week out.\\n\\nWhat is commonest, cheapest, nearest, easiest, is Me, Me going in for my\\nchances, spending for vast returns, Adorning myself to bestow myself on the\\nfirst that will take me, Not asking the sky to come down to my good will,\\nScattering it freely forever.\\n\\n15\\n\\nThe pure contralto sings in the organ loft, The carpenter dresses his plank,\\nthe tongue of his foreplane whistles its wild ascending lisp, The married and\\nunmarried children ride home to their Thanksgiving dinner, The pilot seizes\\nthe king-pin, he heaves down with a strong arm, The mate stands braced in the\\nwhale-boat, lance and harpoon are ready,\\n\\nThe duck-shooter walks by silent and cautious stretches, The deacons are\\nordain'd with cross'd hands at the altar, The spinning-girl retreats and\\nadvances to the hum of the big wheel, The farmer stops by the bars as he walks\\non a First-day loafe and looks at the oats and rye, The lunatic is carried at\\nlast to the asylum a confirm'd case, (He will never sleep any more as he did\\nin the cot in his mother's bedroom;) The jour printer with gray head and gaunt\\njaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco while his eyes blurr with\\nthe manuscript; The malform'd limbs are tied to the surgeon's table, What is\\nremoved drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the auction-\\nstand, the drunkard nods by the bar-room stove, The machinist rolls up his\\nsleeves, the policeman travels his beat, the gate-keeper marks who pass, The\\nyoung fellow drives the express-wagon, (I love him, though I do not know him;)\\nThe half-breed straps on his light boots to compete in the race, The western\\nturkey-shooting draws old and young, some lean on their rifles, some sit on\\nlogs, Out from the crowd steps the marksman, takes his position, levels his\\npiece; The groups of newly-come immigrants cover the wharf or levee, As the\\nwoolly-pates hoe in the sugar-field, the overseer views them from his saddle,\\nThe bugle calls in the ball-room, the gentlemen run for their partners, the\\ndancers bow to each other, The youth lies awake in the cedar-roof'd garret and\\nharks to the musical rain, The Wolverine sets traps on the creek that helps\\nfill the Huron, The squaw wrapt in her yellow-hemm'd cloth is offering\\nmoccasins and bead-bags for sale, The connoisseur peers along the exhibition-\\ngallery with half-shut eyes bent sideways,\\n\\nAs the deck-hands make fast the steamboat the plank is thrown for the shore-\\ngoing passengers, The young sister holds out the skein while the elder sister\\nwinds it off in a ball, and stops now and then for the knots, The one-year\\nwife is recovering and happy having a week ago borne her first child, The\\nclean-hair'd Yankee girl works with her sewing-machine or in the factory or\\nmill, The paving-man leans on his two-handed rammer, the reporter's lead flies\\nswiftly over the note-book, the signpainter is lettering with blue and gold,\\nThe canal boy trots on the tow-path, the book-keeper counts at his desk, the\\nshoemaker waxes his thread, The conductor beats time for the band and all the\\nperformers follow him, The child is baptized, the convert is making his first\\nprofessions, The regatta is spread on the bay, the race is begun, (how the\\nwhite sails sparkle!) The drover watching his drove sings out to them that\\nwould stray, The pedler sweats with his pack on his back, (the purchaser\\nhiggling about the odd cent;) The bride unrumples her white dress, the minute-\\nhand of the clock moves slowly, The opium-eater reclines with rigid head and\\njust-open'd lips, The prostitute draggles her shawl, her bonnet bobs on her\\ntipsy and pimpled neck, The crowd laugh at her blackguard oaths, the men jeer\\nand wink to each other, (Miserable! I do not laugh at your oaths nor jeer\\nyou;) The President holding a cabinet council is surrounded by the great\\nSecretaries, On the piazza walk three matrons stately and friendly with twined\\narms, The crew of the fish-smack pack repeated layers of halibut in the hold,\\nThe Missourian crosses the plains toting his wares and his cattle,\\n\\nAs the fare-collector goes through the train he gives notice by the jingling\\nof loose change, The floor-men are laying the floor, the tinners are tinning\\nthe roof, the masons are calling for mortar, In single file each shouldering\\nhis hod pass onward the laborers; Seasons pursuing each other the\\nindescribable crowd is gather'd, it is the fourth of Seventh-month, (what\\nsalutes of cannon and small arms!) Seasons pursuing each other the plougher\\nploughs, the mower mows, and the winter-grain falls in the ground; Off on the\\nlakes the pike-fisher watches and waits by the hole in the frozen surface, The\\nstumps stand thick round the clearing, the squatter strikes deep with his axe,\\nFlatboatmen make fast towards dusk near the cotton-wood or pecan-trees, Coon-\\nseekers go through the regions of the Red river or through those drain'd by\\nthe Tennessee, or through those of the Arkansas, Torches shine in the dark\\nthat hangs on the Chattahooche or Altamahaw, Patriarchs sit at supper with\\nsons and grandsons and great-grandsons around them, In walls of adobie, in\\ncanvas tents, rest hunters and trappers after their day's sport, The city\\nsleeps and the country sleeps, The living sleep for their time, the dead sleep\\nfor their time, The old husband sleeps by his wife and the young husband\\nsleeps by his wife; And these tend inward to me, and I tend outward to them,\\nAnd such as it is to be of these more or less I am, And of these one and all I\\nweave the song of myself.\\n\\n16\\n\\nI am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the wise, Regardless of\\nothers, ever regardful of others, Maternal as well as paternal, a child as\\nwell as a man, Stuff'd with the stuff that is coarse and stuff'd with the\\nstuff that is fine,\\n\\nOne of the Nation of many nations, the smallest the same and the largest the\\nsame, A Southerner soon as a Northerner, a planter nonchalant and hospitable\\ndown by the Oconee I live, A Yankee bound my own way ready for trade, my\\njoints the limberest joints on earth and the sternest joints on earth, A\\nKentuckian walking the vale of the Elkhorn in my deer-skin leggings, a\\nLouisianian or Georgian, A boatman over lakes or bays or along coasts, a\\nHoosier, Badger, Buck-eye; At home on Kanadian snow-shoes or up in the bush,\\nor with fishermen off Newfoundland, At home in the fleet of ice-boats, sailing\\nwith the rest and tacking, At home on the hills of Vermont or in the woods of\\nMaine, or the Texan ranch, Comrade of Californians, comrade of free North-\\nWesterners, (loving their big proportions,) Comrade of raftsmen and coalmen,\\ncomrade of all who shake hands and welcome to drink and meat, A learner with\\nthe simplest, a teacher of the thoughtfullest, A novice beginning yet\\nexperient of myriads of seasons, Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank\\nand religion, A farmer, mechanic, artist, gentleman, sailor, quaker, Prisoner,\\nfancy-man, rowdy, lawyer, physician, priest.\\n\\nI resist any thing better than my own diversity, Breathe the air but leave\\nplenty after me, And am not stuck up, and am in my place.\\n\\n(The moth and the fish-eggs are in their place, The bright suns I see and the\\ndark suns I cannot see are in their place, The palpable is in its place and\\nthe impalpable is in its place.)\\n\\n17\\n\\nThese are really the thoughts of all men in all ages and lands, they are not\\noriginal with me, If they are not yours as much as mine they are nothing, or\\nnext to nothing,\\n\\nIf they are not the riddle and the untying of the riddle they are nothing, If\\nthey are not just as close as they are distant they are nothing.\\n\\nThis is the grass that grows wherever the land is and the water is, This the\\ncommon air that bathes the globe.\\n\\n18\\n\\nWith music strong I come, with my cornets and my drums, I play not marches for\\naccepted victors only, I play marches for conquer'd and slain persons.\\n\\nHave you heard that it was good to gain the day? I also say it is good to\\nfall, battles are lost in the same spirit in which they are won.\\n\\nI beat and pound for the dead, I blow through my embouchures my loudest and\\ngayest for them.\\n\\nVivas to those who have fail'd! And to those whose war-vessels sank in the\\nsea! And to those themselves who sank in the sea! And to all generals that\\nlost engagements, and all overcome heroes! And the numberless unknown heroes\\nequal to the greatest heroes known!\\n\\n19\\n\\nThis is the meal equally set, this the meat for natural hunger, It is for the\\nwicked just the same as the righteous, I make appointments with all, I will\\nnot have a single person slighted or left away, The kept-woman, sponger,\\nthief, are hereby invited, The heavy-lipp'd slave is invited, the venerealee\\nis invited; There shall be no difference between them and the rest.\\n\\nThis is the press of a bashful hand, this the float and odor of hair,\\n\\nThis the touch of my lips to yours, this the murmur of yearning, This the far-\\noff depth and height reflecting my own face, This the thoughtful merge of\\nmyself, and the outlet again.\\n\\nDo you guess I have some intricate purpose? Well I have, for the Fourth-month\\nshowers have, and the mica on the side of a rock has.\\n\\nDo you take it I would astonish? Does the daylight astonish? does the early\\nredstart twittering through the woods? Do I astonish more than they?\\n\\nThis hour I tell things in confidence, I might not tell everybody, but I will\\ntell you.\\n\\n20\\n\\nWho goes there? hankering, gross, mystical, nude; How is it I extract strength\\nfrom the beef I eat?\\n\\nWhat is a man anyhow? what am I? what are you?\\n\\nAll I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost\\nlistening to me.\\n\\nI do not snivel that snivel the world over, That months are vacuums and the\\nground but wallow and filth.\\n\\nWhimpering and truckling fold with powders for invalids, conformity goes to\\nthe fourth-remov'd, I wear my hat as I please indoors or out.\\n\\nWhy should I pray? why should I venerate and be ceremonious?\\n\\nHaving pried through the strata, analyzed to a hair, counsel'd with doctors\\nand calculated close, I find no sweeter fat than sticks to my own bones.\\n\\nIn all people I see myself, none more and not one a barley-corn less, And the\\ngood or bad I say of myself I say of them.\\n\\nI know I am solid and sound, To me the converging objects of the universe\\nperpetually flow, All are written to me, and I must get what the writing\\nmeans.\\n\\nI know I am deathless, I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by a\\ncarpenter's compass, I know I shall not pass like a child's carlacue cut with\\na burnt stick at night.\\n\\nI know I am august, I do not trouble my spirit to vindicate itself or be\\nunderstood, I see that the elementary laws never apologize, (I reckon I behave\\nno prouder than the level I plant my house by, after all.)\\n\\nI exist as I am, that is enough, If no other in the world be aware I sit\\ncontent, And if each and all be aware I sit content.\\n\\nOne world is aware and by far the largest to me, and that is myself, And\\nwhether I come to my own to-day or in ten thousand or ten million years, I can\\ncheerfully take it now, or with equal cheerfulness I can wait.\\n\\nMy foothold is tenon'd and mortis'd in granite, I laugh at what you call\\ndissolution, And I know the amplitude of time.\\n\\n21\\n\\nI am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul, The pleasures of\\nheaven are with me and the pains of hell are with me, The first I graft and\\nincrease upon myself, the latter I translate into a new tongue.\\n\\nI am the poet of the woman the same as the man, And I say it is as great to be\\na woman as to be a man, And I say there is nothing greater than the mother of\\nmen.\\n\\nI chant the chant of dilation or pride, We have had ducking and deprecating\\nabout enough, I show that size is only development.\\n\\nHave you outstript the rest? are you the President? It is a trifle, they will\\nmore than arrive there every one, and still pass on.\\n\\nI am he that walks with the tender and growing night, I call to the earth and\\nsea half-held by the night.\\n\\nPress close bare-bosom'd night — press close magnetic nourishing night! Night\\nof south winds — night of the large few stars! Still nodding night — mad naked\\nsummer night.\\n\\nSmile O voluptuous cool-breath'd earth! Earth of the slumbering and liquid\\ntrees! Earth of departed sunset — earth of the mountains misty-topt! Earth of\\nthe vitreous pour of the full moon just tinged with blue! Earth of shine and\\ndark mottling the tide of the river! Earth of the limpid gray of clouds\\nbrighter and clearer for my sake! Far-swooping elbow'd earth — rich apple-\\nblossom'd earth! Smile, for your lover comes.\\n\\nProdigal, you have given me love — therefore I to you give love! O unspeakable\\npassionate love.\\n\\n22\\n\\nYou sea! I resign myself to you also — I guess what you mean, I behold from\\nthe beach your crooked inviting fingers, I believe you refuse to go back\\nwithout feeling of me, We must have a turn together, I undress, hurry me out\\nof sight of the land, Cushion me soft, rock me in billowy drowse, Dash me with\\namorous wet, I can repay you.\\n\\nSea of stretch'd ground-swells, Sea breathing broad and convulsive breaths,\\nSea of the brine of life and of unshovell'd yet always-ready graves, Howler\\nand scooper of storms, capricious and dainty sea, I am integral with you, I\\ntoo am of one phase and of all phases.\\n\\nPartaker of influx and efflux, I, extoller of hate and conciliation, Extoller\\nof amies and those that sleep in each others' arms.\\n\\nI am he attesting sympathy, (Shall I make my list of things in the house and\\nskip the house that supports them?)\\n\\nI am not the poet of goodness only, I do not decline to be the poet of\\nwickedness also.\\n\\nWhat blurt is this about virtue and about vice? Evil propels me and reform of\\nevil propels me, I stand indifferent, My gait is no fault-finder's or\\nrejecter's gait, I moisten the roots of all that has grown.\\n\\nDid you fear some scrofula out of the unflagging pregnancy? Did you guess the\\ncelestial laws are yet to be work'd over and rectified?\\n\\nI find one side a balance and the antipodal side a balance, Soft doctrine as\\nsteady help as stable doctrine, Thoughts and deeds of the present our rouse\\nand early start.\\n\\nThis minute that comes to me over the past decillions, There is no better than\\nit and now.\\n\\nWhat behaved well in the past or behaves well to-day is not such a wonder, The\\nwonder is always and always how there can be a mean man or an infidel.\\n\\n23\\n\\nEndless unfolding of words of ages! And mine a word of the modern, the word\\nEn-Masse.\\n\\nA word of the faith that never balks, Here or henceforward it is all the same\\nto me, I accept Time absolutely.\\n\\nIt alone is without flaw, it alone rounds and completes all, That mystic\\nbaffling wonder alone completes all.\\n\\nI accept Reality and dare not question it, Materialism first and last imbuing.\\n\\nHurrah for positive science! long live exact demonstration! Fetch stonecrop\\nmixt with cedar and branches of lilac, This is the lexicographer, this the\\nchemist, this made a grammar of the old cartouches, These mariners put the\\nship through dangerous unknown seas, This is the geologist, this works with\\nthe scalpel, and this is a mathematician.\\n\\nGentlemen, to you the first honors always! Your facts are useful, and yet they\\nare not my dwelling, I but enter by them to an area of my dwelling.\\n\\nLess the reminders of properties told my words, And more the reminders they of\\nlife untold, and of freedom and extrication, And make short account of neuters\\nand geldings, and favor men and women fully equipt, And beat the gong of\\nrevolt, and stop with fugitives and them that plot and conspire.\\n\\n24\\n\\nWalt Whitman, a kosmos, of Manhattan the son, Turbulent, fleshy, sensual,\\neating, drinking and breeding.\\n\\nNo sentimentalist, no stander above men and women or apart from them, No more\\nmodest than immodest.\\n\\nUnscrew the locks from the doors! Unscrew the doors themselves from their\\njambs!\\n\\nWhoever degrades another degrades me, And whatever is done or said returns at\\nlast to me.\\n\\nThrough me the afflatus surging and surging, through me the current and index.\\n\\nI speak the pass-word primeval, I give the sign of democracy, By God! I will\\naccept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms.\\n\\nThrough me many long dumb voices, Voices of the interminable generation of\\nprisoners and slaves, Voices of the diseas'd and despairing and of thieves and\\ndwarfs, Voices of cycles of preparation and accretion, And of the threads that\\nconnect the stars, and of wombs and of the father-stuff, And of the rights of\\nthem the others are down upon, Of the deform'd, trivial, flat, foolish,\\ndespised, Fog in the air, beetles rolling balls of dung.\\n\\nThrough me forbidden voices, Voices of sexes and lusts, voices veil'd and I\\nremove the veil, Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur'd.\\n\\nI do not press my fingers across my mouth, I keep as delicate around the\\nbowels as around the head and heart, Copulation is no more rank to me than\\ndeath is.\\n\\nI believe in the flesh and the appetites, Seeing, hearing, feeling, are\\nmiracles, and each part and tag of me is a miracle.\\n\\nDivine am I inside and out, and I make holy whatever I touch or am touch'd\\nfrom, The scent of these arm-pits aroma finer than prayer, This head more than\\nchurches, bibles, and all the creeds.\\n\\nIf I worship one thing more than another it shall be the spread of my own\\nbody, or any part of it, Translucent mould of me it shall be you! Shaded\\nledges and rests it shall be you! Firm masculine colter it shall be you!\\nWhatever goes to the tilth of me it shall be you! You my rich blood! your\\nmilky stream pale strippings of my life! Breast that presses against other\\nbreasts it shall be you! My brain it shall be your occult convolutions! Root\\nof wash'd sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it\\nshall be you! Mix'd tussled hay of head, beard, brawn, it shall be you!\\nTrickling sap of maple, fibre of manly wheat, it shall be you! Sun so generous\\nit shall be you! Vapors lighting and shading my face it shall be you! You\\nsweaty brooks and dews it shall be you! Winds whose soft-tickling genitals rub\\nagainst me it shall be you! Broad muscular fields, branches of live oak,\\nloving lounger in my winding paths, it shall be you! Hands I have taken, face\\nI have kiss'd, mortal I have ever touch'd, it shall be you.\\n\\nI dote on myself, there is that lot of me and all so luscious, Each moment and\\nwhatever happens thrills me with joy, I cannot tell how my ankles bend, nor\\nwhence the cause of my faintest wish, Nor the cause of the friendship I emit,\\nnor the cause of the friendship I take again.\\n\\nThat I walk up my stoop, I pause to consider if it really be, A morning-glory\\nat my window satisfies me more than the metaphysics of books.\\n\\nTo behold the day-break! The little light fades the immense and diaphanous\\nshadows, The air tastes good to my palate.\\n\\nHefts of the moving world at innocent gambols silently rising, freshly\\nexuding, Scooting obliquely high and low.\\n\\nSomething I cannot see puts upward libidinous prongs, Seas of bright juice\\nsuffuse heaven.\\n\\nThe earth by the sky staid with, the daily close of their junction, The heav'd\\nchallenge from the east that moment over my head, The mocking taunt, See then\\nwhether you shall be master!\\n\\n25\\n\\nDazzling and tremendous how quick the sun-rise would kill me, If I could not\\nnow and always send sun-rise out of me.\\n\\nWe also ascend dazzling and tremendous as the sun, We found our own O my soul\\nin the calm and cool of the day-break.\\n\\nMy voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach, With the twirl of my tongue I\\nencompass worlds and volumes of worlds.\\n\\nSpeech is the twin of my vision, it is unequal to measure itself, It provokes\\nme forever, it says sarcastically, Walt you contain enough, why don't you let\\nit out then?\\n\\nCome now I will not be tantalized, you conceive too much of articulation, Do\\nyou not know O speech how the buds beneath you are folded? Waiting in gloom,\\nprotected by frost, The dirt receding before my prophetical screams, I\\nunderlying causes to balance them at last,\\n\\nMy knowledge my live parts, it keeping tally with the meaning of all things,\\nHappiness, (which whoever hears me let him or her set out in search of this\\nday.)\\n\\nMy final merit I refuse you, I refuse putting from me what I really am,\\nEncompass worlds, but never try to encompass me, I crowd your sleekest and\\nbest by simply looking toward you.\\n\\nWriting and talk do not prove me, I carry the plenum of proof and every thing\\nelse in my face, With the hush of my lips I wholly confound the skeptic.\\n\\n26\\n\\nNow I will do nothing but listen, To accrue what I hear into this song, to let\\nsounds contribute toward it.\\n\\nI hear bravuras of birds, bustle of growing wheat, gossip of flames, clack of\\nsticks cooking my meals. I hear the sound I love, the sound of the human\\nvoice, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused or following,\\nSounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night,\\nTalkative young ones to those that like them, the loud laugh of work-people at\\ntheir meals, The angry base of disjointed friendship, the faint tones of the\\nsick, The judge with hands tight to the desk, his pallid lips pronouncing a\\ndeath-sentence, The heave'e'yo of stevedores unlading ships by the wharves,\\nthe refrain of the anchor-lifters, The ring of alarm-bells, the cry of fire,\\nthe whirr of swift-streaking engines and hose-carts with premonitory tinkles\\nand color'd lights, The steam-whistle, the solid roll of the train of\\napproaching cars,\\n\\nThe slow march play'd at the head of the association marching two and two,\\n(They go to guard some corpse, the flag-tops are draped with black muslin.)\\n\\nI hear the violoncello, ('tis the young man's heart's complaint,) I hear the\\nkey'd cornet, it glides quickly in through my ears, It shakes mad-sweet pangs\\nthrough my belly and breast.\\n\\nI hear the chorus, it is a grand opera, Ah this indeed is music — this suits\\nme.\\n\\nA tenor large and fresh as the creation fills me, The orbic flex of his mouth\\nis pouring and filling me full.\\n\\nI hear the train'd soprano (what work with hers is this?) The orchestra whirls\\nme wider than Uranus flies, It wrenches such ardors from me I did not know I\\npossess'd them, It sails me, I dab with bare feet, they are lick'd by the\\nindolent waves, I am cut by bitter and angry hail, I lose my breath, Steep'd\\namid honey'd morphine, my windpipe throttled in fakes of death, At length let\\nup again to feel the puzzle of puzzles, And that we call Being.\\n\\n27\\n\\nTo be in any form, what is that? (Round and round we go, all of us, and ever\\ncome back thither,) If nothing lay more develop'd the quahaug in its callous\\nshell were enough.\\n\\nMine is no callous shell, I have instant conductors all over me whether I pass\\nor stop, They seize every object and lead it harmlessly through me.\\n\\nI merely stir, press, feel with my fingers, and am happy, To touch my person\\nto some one else's is about as much as I can stand.\\n\\n28\\n\\nIs this then a touch? quivering me to a new identity, Flames and ether making\\na rush for my veins, Treacherous tip of me reaching and crowding to help them,\\nMy flesh and blood playing out lightning to strike what is hardly different\\nfrom myself, On all sides prurient provokers stiffening my limbs, Straining\\nthe udder of my heart for its withheld drip, Behaving licentious toward me,\\ntaking no denial, Depriving me of my best as for a purpose, Unbuttoning my\\nclothes, holding me by the bare waist, Deluding my confusion with the calm of\\nthe sunlight and pasture-fields, Immodestly sliding the fellow-senses away,\\nThey bribed to swap off with touch and go and graze at the edges of me, No\\nconsideration, no regard for my draining strength or my anger, Fetching the\\nrest of the herd around to enjoy them a while, Then all uniting to stand on a\\nheadland and worry me.\\n\\nThe sentries desert every other part of me, They have left me helpless to a\\nred marauder, They all come to the headland to witness and assist against me.\\n\\nI am given up by traitors, I talk wildly, I have lost my wits, I and nobody\\nelse am the greatest traitor, I went myself first to the headland, my own\\nhands carried me there.\\n\\nYou villain touch! what are you doing? my breath is tight in its throat,\\nUnclench your floodgates, you are too much for me.\\n\\n29\\n\\nBlind loving wrestling touch, sheath'd hooded sharp-tooth'd touch! Did it make\\nyou ache so, leaving me?\\n\\nParting track'd by arriving, perpetual payment of perpetual loan, Rich\\nshowering rain, and recompense richer afterward.\\n\\nSprouts take and accumulate, stand by the curb prolific and vital, Landscapes\\nprojected masculine, full-sized and golden.\\n\\n30\\n\\nAll truths wait in all things, They neither hasten their own delivery nor\\nresist it, They do not need the obstetric forceps of the surgeon, The\\ninsignificant is as big to me as any, (What is less or more than a touch?)\\n\\nLogic and sermons never convince, The damp of the night drives deeper into my\\nsoul.\\n\\n(Only what proves itself to every man and woman is so, Only what nobody denies\\nis so.)\\n\\nA minute and a drop of me settle my brain, I believe the soggy clods shall\\nbecome lovers and lamps, And a compend of compends is the meat of a man or\\nwoman, And a summit and flower there is the feeling they have for each other,\\nAnd they are to branch boundlessly out of that lesson until it becomes\\nomnific, And until one and all shall delight us, and we them.\\n\\n31\\n\\nI believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey-work of the stars, And\\nthe pismire is equally perfect, and a grain of sand, and the egg of the wren,\\nAnd the tree-toad is a chef-d'oeuvre for the highest, And the running\\nblackberry would adorn the parlors of heaven, And the narrowest hinge in my\\nhand puts to scorn all machinery,\\n\\nAnd the cow crunching with depress'd head surpasses any statue, And a mouse is\\nmiracle enough to stagger sextillions of infidels.\\n\\nI find I incorporate gneiss, coal, long-threaded moss, fruits, grains,\\nesculent roots, And am stucco'd with quadrupeds and birds all over, And have\\ndistanced what is behind me for good reasons, But call any thing back again\\nwhen I desire it.\\n\\nIn vain the speeding or shyness, In vain the plutonic rocks send their old\\nheat against my approach, In vain the mastodon retreats beneath its own\\npowder'd bones, In vain objects stand leagues off and assume manifold shapes,\\nIn vain the ocean setting in hollows and the great monsters lying low, In vain\\nthe buzzard houses herself with the sky, In vain the snake slides through the\\ncreepers and logs, In vain the elk takes to the inner passes of the woods, In\\nvain the razor-bill'd auk sails far north to Labrador, I follow quickly, I\\nascend to the nest in the fissure of the cliff.\\n\\n32\\n\\nI think I could turn and live with animals, they're so placid and self-\\ncontain'd, I stand and look at them long and long.\\n\\nThey do not sweat and whine about their condition, They do not lie awake in\\nthe dark and weep for their sins, They do not make me sick discussing their\\nduty to God, Not one is dissatisfied, not one is demented with the mania of\\nowning things, Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived thousands\\nof years ago, Not one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth.\\n\\nSo they show their relations to me and I accept them, They bring me tokens of\\nmyself, they evince them plainly in their possession.\\n\\nI wonder where they get those tokens, Did I pass that way huge times ago and\\nnegligently drop them?\\n\\nMyself moving forward then and now and forever, Gathering and showing more\\nalways and with velocity, Infinite and omnigenous, and the like of these among\\nthem, Not too exclusive toward the reachers of my remembrancers, Picking out\\nhere one that I love, and now go with him on brotherly terms.\\n\\nA gigantic beauty of a stallion, fresh and responsive to my caresses, Head\\nhigh in the forehead, wide between the ears, Limbs glossy and supple, tail\\ndusting the ground, Eyes full of sparkling wickedness, ears finely cut,\\nflexibly moving.\\n\\nHis nostrils dilate as my heels embrace him, His well-built limbs tremble with\\npleasure as we race around and return. I but use you a minute, then I resign\\nyou, stallion, Why do I need your paces when I myself out-gallop them? Even as\\nI stand or sit passing faster than you.\\n\\n33\\n\\nSpace and Time! now I see it is true, what I guess'd at, What I guess'd when I\\nloaf'd on the grass, What I guess'd while I lay alone in my bed, And again as\\nI walk'd the beach under the paling stars of the morning.\\n\\nMy ties and ballasts leave me, my elbows rest in sea-gaps, I skirt sierras, my\\npalms cover continents, I am afoot with my vision.\\n\\nBy the city's quadrangular houses — in log huts, camping with lumbermen, Along\\nthe ruts of the turnpike, along the dry gulch and rivulet bed, Weeding my\\nonion-patch or hoeing rows of carrots and parsnips, crossing savannas,\\ntrailing in forests, Prospecting, gold-digging, girdling the trees of a new\\npurchase, Scorch'd ankle-deep by the hot sand, hauling my boat down the\\nshallow river, Where the panther walks to and fro on a limb overhead, where\\nthe buck turns furiously at the hunter, Where the rattlesnake suns his flabby\\nlength on a rock, where the otter is feeding on fish, Where the alligator in\\nhis tough pimples sleeps by the bayou, Where the black bear is searching for\\nroots or honey, where the beaver pats the mud with his paddle-shaped tail;\\nOver the growing sugar, over the yellow-flower'd cotton plant, over the rice\\nin its low moist field, Over the sharp-peak'd farm house, with its scallop'd\\nscum and slender shoots from the gutters, Over the western persimmon, over the\\nlong-leav'd corn, over the delicate blue-flower flax, Over the white and brown\\nbuckwheat, a hummer and buzzer there with the rest, Over the dusky green of\\nthe rye as it ripples and shades in the breeze; Scaling mountains, pulling\\nmyself cautiously up, holding on by low scragged limbs, Walking the path worn\\nin the grass and beat through the leaves of the brush, Where the quail is\\nwhistling betwixt the woods and the wheatlot, Where the bat flies in the\\nSeventh-month eve, where the great gold-bug drops through the dark, Where the\\nbrook puts out of the roots of the old tree and flows to the meadow, Where\\ncattle stand and shake away flies with the tremulous shuddering of their\\nhides,\\n\\nWhere the cheese-cloth hangs in the kitchen, where andirons straddle the\\nhearth-slab, where cobwebs fall in festoons from the rafters; Where trip-\\nhammers crash, where the press is whirling its cylinders, Where the human\\nheart beats with terrible throes under its ribs, Where the pear-shaped balloon\\nis floating aloft, (floating in it myself and looking composedly down,) Where\\nthe life-car is drawn on the slip-noose, where the heat hatches pale-green\\neggs in the dented sand, Where the she-whale swims with her calf and never\\nforsakes it, Where the steam-ship trails hind-ways its long pennant of smoke,\\nWhere the fin of the shark cuts like a black chip out of the water, Where the\\nhalf-burn'd brig is riding on unknown currents, Where shells grow to her slimy\\ndeck, where the dead are corrupting below; Where the dense-starr'd flag is\\nborne at the head of the regiments, Approaching Manhattan up by the long-\\nstretching island, Under Niagara, the cataract falling like a veil over my\\ncountenance, Upon a door-step, upon the horse-block of hard wood outside, Upon\\nthe race-course, or enjoying picnics or jigs or a good game of base-ball, At\\nhe-festivals, with blackguard gibes, ironical license, bull-dances, drinking,\\nlaughter, At the cider-mill tasting the sweets of the brown mash, sucking the\\njuice through a straw, At apple-peelings wanting kisses for all the red fruit\\nI find, At musters, beach-parties, friendly bees, huskings, house-raisings;\\nWhere the mocking-bird sounds his delicious gurgles, cackles, screams, weeps,\\nWhere the hay-rick stands in the barn-yard, where the dry-stalks are\\nscatter'd, where the brood-cow waits in the hovel,\\n\\nWhere the bull advances to do his masculine work, where the stud to the mare,\\nwhere the cock is treading the hen, Where the heifers browse, where geese nip\\ntheir food with short jerks, Where sun-down shadows lengthen over the\\nlimitless and lonesome prairie, Where herds of buffalo make a crawling spread\\nof the square miles far and near, Where the humming-bird shimmers, where the\\nneck of the long-lived swan is curving and winding, Where the laughing-gull\\nscoots by the shore, where she laughs her near-human laugh, Where bee-hives\\nrange on a gray bench in the garden half hid by the high weeds, Where band-\\nneck'd partridges roost in a ring on the ground with their heads out, Where\\nburial coaches enter the arch'd gates of a cemetery, Where winter wolves bark\\namid wastes of snow and icicled trees, Where the yellow-crown'd heron comes to\\nthe edge of the marsh at night and feeds upon small crabs, Where the splash of\\nswimmers and divers cools the warm noon, Where the katy-did works her\\nchromatic reed on the walnut-tree over the wall, Through patches of citrons\\nand cucumbers with silver-wired leaves, Through the salt-lick or orange glade,\\nor under conical firs, Through the gymnasium, through the curtain'd saloon,\\nthrough the office or public hall; Pleas'd with the native and pleas'd with\\nthe foreign, pleas'd with the new and old, Pleas'd with the homely woman as\\nwell as the handsome, Pleas'd with the quakeress as she puts off her bonnet\\nand talks melodiously, Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the whitewash'd\\nchurch, Pleas'd with the earnest words of the sweating Methodist preacher,\\nimpress'd seriously at the camp-meeting; Looking in at the shop-windows of\\nBroadway the whole forenoon, flatting the flesh of my nose on the thick plate\\nglass,\\n\\nWandering the same afternoon with my face turn'd up to the clouds, or down a\\nlane or along the beach, My right and left arms round the sides of two\\nfriends, and I in the middle; Coming home with the silent and dark-cheek'd\\nbush-boy, (behind me he rides at the drape of the day,) Far from the\\nsettlements studying the print of animals' feet, or the moccasin print, By the\\ncot in the hospital reaching lemonade to a feverish patient, Nigh the coffin'd\\ncorpse when all is still, examining with a candle; Voyaging to every port to\\ndicker and adventure, Hurrying with the modern crowd as eager and flickle as\\nany, Hot toward one I hate, ready in my madness to knife him, Solitary at\\nmidnight in my back yard, my thoughts gone from me a long while, Walking the\\nold hills of Judaea with the beautiful gentle God by my side, Speeding through\\nspace, speeding through heaven and the stars, Speeding amid the seven\\nsatellites and the broad ring, and the diameter of eighty thousand miles,\\nSpeeding with tail'd meteors, throwing fire-balls like the rest, Carrying the\\ncrescent child that carries its own full mother in its belly, Storming,\\nenjoying, planning, loving, cautioning, Backing and filling, appearing and\\ndisappearing, I tread day and night such roads.\\n\\nI visit the orchards of spheres and look at the product, And look at\\nquintillions ripen'd and look at quintillions green.\\n\\nI fly those flights of a fluid and swallowing soul, My course runs below the\\nsoundings of plummets.\\n\\nI help myself to material and immaterial, No guard can shut me off, no law\\nprevent me.\\n\\nI anchor my ship for a little while only, My messengers continually cruise\\naway or bring their returns to me.\\n\\nI go hunting polar furs and the seal, leaping chasms with a pike-pointed\\nstaff, clinging to topples of brittle and blue.\\n\\nI ascend to the foretruck, I take my place late at night in the crow's-nest,\\nWe sail the arctic sea, it is plenty light enough, Through the clear\\natmosphere I stretch around on the wonderful beauty, The enormous masses of\\nice pass me and I pass them, the scenery is plain in all directions, The\\nwhite-topt mountains show in the distance, I fling out my fancies toward them,\\nWe are approaching some great battle-field in which we are soon to be engaged,\\nWe pass the colossal outposts of the encampment, we pass with still feet and\\ncaution, Or we are entering by the suburbs some vast and ruin'd city, The\\nblocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.\\n\\nI am a free companion, I bivouac by invading watchfires, I turn the bridegroom\\nout of bed and stay with the bride myself, I tighten her all night to my\\nthighs and lips.\\n\\nMy voice is the wife's voice, the screech by the rail of the stairs, They\\nfetch my man's body up dripping and drown'd.\\n\\nI understand the large hearts of heroes, The courage of present times and all\\ntimes, How the skipper saw the crowded and rudderless wreck of the steamship,\\nand Death chasing it up and down the storm, How he knuckled tight and gave not\\nback an inch, and was faithful of days and faithful of nights, And chalk'd in\\nlarge letters on a board, Be of good cheer, we will not desert you;\\n\\nHow he follow'd with them and tack'd with them three days and would not give\\nit up, How he saved the drifting company at last, How the lank loose-gown'd\\nwomen look'd when boated from the side of their prepared graves, How the\\nsilent old-faced infants and the lifted sick, and the sharp-lipp'd unshaved\\nmen; All this I swallow, it tastes good, I like it well, it becomes mine, I am\\nthe man, I suffer'd, I was there.\\n\\nThe disdain and calmness of martyrs, The mother of old, condemn'd for a witch,\\nburnt with dry wood, her children gazing on, The hounded slave that flags in\\nthe race, leans by the fence, blowing, cover'd with sweat, The twinges that\\nsting like needles his legs and neck, the murderous buckshot and the bullets,\\nAll these I feel or am.\\n\\nI am the hounded slave, I wince at the bite of the dogs, Hell and despair are\\nupon me, crack and again crack the marksmen, I clutch the rails of the fence,\\nmy gore dribs, thinn'd with the ooze of my skin, I fall on the weeds and\\nstones, The riders spur their unwilling horses, haul close, Taunt my dizzy\\nears and beat me violently over the head with whip-stocks.\\n\\nAgonies are one of my changes of garments, I do not ask the wounded person how\\nhe feels, I myself become the wounded person, My hurts turn livid upon me as I\\nlean on a cane and observe.\\n\\nI am the mash'd fireman with breast-bone broken, Tumbling walls buried me in\\ntheir debris, Heat and smoke I inspired, I heard the yelling shouts of my\\ncomrades, I heard the distant click of their picks and shovels, They have\\nclear'd the beams away, they tenderly life me forth.\\n\\nI lie in the night air in my red shirt, the pervading hush is for my sake,\\nPainless after all I lie exhausted but not so unhappy, White and beautiful are\\nthe faces around me, the heads are bared of their fire-caps, The kneeling\\ncrowd fades with the light of the torches.\\n\\nDistant and dead resuscitate, They show as the dial or move as the hands of\\nme, I am the clock myself.\\n\\nI am an old artillerist, I tell of my fort's bombardment, I am there again.\\n\\nAgain the long roll of the drummers, Again the attacking cannon, mortars,\\nAgain to my listeing ears the cannon responsive.\\n\\nI take part, I see and hear the whole, The cries, curses, roar, the plaudits\\nfor well-aim'd shots, The ambulanza slowly passing trailing its red drip,\\nWorkmen searching after damages, making indispensable repairs, The fall of\\ngrenades through the rent roof, the fan-shaped explosion, The whizz of limbs,\\nheads, stone, wood, iron, high in the air.\\n\\nAgain gurgles the mouth of my dying general, he furiously waves with his hand,\\nHe gasps through the clot Mind not me — mind — the entrenchments.\\n\\n34\\n\\nNow I tell what I knew in Texas in my early youth, (I tell not the fall of\\nAlamo, Not one escaped to tell the fall of Alamo, The hundred and fifty are\\ndumb yet at Alamo,) 'Tis the tale of the murder in cold blood of four hundred\\nand twelve young men.\\n\\nRetreating they had form'd in a hollow square with their baggage for\\nbreastworks, Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, nine times\\ntheir number, was the price they took in advance, Their colonel was wounded\\nand their ammunition gone, They treated for an honorable capitulation,\\nreceiv'd writing and seal, gave up their arms and march'd back prisoners of\\nwar.\\n\\nThey were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with horse, rifle, song,\\nsupper, courtship, Large, turbulent, generous, handsome, proud, and\\naffectionate, Bearded, sunburnt, drest in the free costume of hunters, Not a\\nsingle one over thirty years of age.\\n\\nThe second First-day morning they were brought out in squads and massacred, it\\nwas beautiful early summer, The work commenced about five o'clock and was over\\nby eight.\\n\\nNone obey'd the command to kneel, Some made a mad and helpless rush, some\\nstood stark and straight, A few fell at once, shot in the temple or heart, the\\nliving and dead lay together, The maim'd and mangled dug in the dirt, the new-\\ncomers saw them there, Some half-kill'd attempted to crawl away, These were\\ndespatch'd with bayonets or batter'd with the blunts of muskets. A youth not\\nseventeen years old seiz'd his assassin till two more came to release him, The\\nthree were all torn and cover'd with the boy's blood.\\n\\nAt eleven o'clock began the burning of the bodies; That is the tale of the\\nmurder of the four hundred and twelve young men.\\n\\n35\\n\\nWould you hear of an old-time sea-fight? Would you learn who won by the light\\nof the moon and stars? List to the yarn, as my grandmother's father the sailor\\ntold it to me.\\n\\nOur foe was no skulk in his ship I tell you, (said he,) His was the surly\\nEnglish pluck, and there is no tougher or truer, and never was, and never will\\nbe; Along the lower'd eve he came horribly raking us.\\n\\nWe closed with him, the yards entangled, the cannon touch'd, My captain lash'd\\nfast with his own hands.\\n\\nWe had receiv'd some eighteen pound shots under the water, On our lower-gun-\\ndeck two large pieces had burst at the first fire, killing all around and\\nblowing up overhead.\\n\\nFighting at sun-down, fighting at dark, Ten o'clock at night, the full moon\\nwell up, our leaks on the gain, and five feet of water reported, The master-\\nat-arms loosing the prisoners confined in the after-hold to give them a chance\\nfor themselves.\\n\\nThe transit to and from the magazine is now stopt by the sentinels, They see\\nso many strange faces they do not know whom to trust.\\n\\nOur frigate takes fire, The other asks if we demand quarter? If our colors are\\nstruck and the fighting done?\\n\\nNow I laugh content, for I hear the voice of my little captain, We have not\\nstruck, he composedly cries, we have just begun our part of the fighting.\\n\\nOnly three guns are in use, One is directed by the captain himself against the\\nenemy's main-mast, Two well serv'd with grape and canister silence his\\nmusketry and clear his decks.\\n\\nThe tops alone second the fire of this little battery, especially the main-\\ntop, They hold out bravely during the whole of the action.\\n\\nNot a moment's cease, The leaks gain fast on the pumps, the fire eats toward\\nthe powder-magazine.\\n\\nOne of the pumps has been shot away, it is generally thought we are sinking.\\n\\nSerene stands the little captain, He is not hurried, his voice is neither high\\nnor low, His eyes give more light to us than our battle-lanterns.\\n\\nToward twelve there in the beams of the moon they surrender to us.\\n\\n36\\n\\nStretch'd and still lies the midnight, Two great hulls motionless on the\\nbreast of the darkness, Our vessel riddled and slowly sinking, preparations to\\npass to the one we have conquer'd, The captain on the quarter-deck coldly\\ngiving his orders through a countenance white as a sheet, Near by the corpse\\nof the child that serv'd in the cabin, The dead face of an old salt with long\\nwhite hair and carefully curl'd whiskers, The flames spite of all that can be\\ndone flickering aloft and below, The husky voices of the two or three officers\\nyet fit for duty, Formless stacks of bodies and bodies by themselves, dabs of\\nflesh upon the masts and spars, Cut of cordage, dangle of rigging, slight\\nshock of the soothe of waves, Black and impassive guns, litter of powder-\\nparcels, strong scent, A few large stars overhead, silent and mournful\\nshining, Delicate sniffs of sea-breeze, smells of sedgy grass and fields by\\nthe shore, death-messages given in charge to survivors,\\n\\nThe hiss of the surgeon's knife, the gnawing teeth of his saw, Wheeze, cluck,\\nswash of falling blood, short wild scream, and long, dull, tapering groan,\\nThese so, these irretrievable.\\n\\n37\\n\\nYou laggards there on guard! look to your arms! In at the conquer'd doors they\\ncrowd! I am possess'd! Embody all presences outlaw'd or suffering, See myself\\nin prison shaped like another man, And feel the dull unintermitted pain, For\\nme the keepers of convicts shoulder their carbines and keep watch, It is I let\\nout in the morning and barr'd at night.\\n\\nNot a mutineer walks handcuff'd to jail but I am handcuff'd to him and walk by\\nhis side, (I am less the jolly one there, and more the silent one with sweat\\non my twitching lips.)\\n\\nNot a youngster is taken for larceny but I go up too, and am tried and\\nsentenced.\\n\\nNot a cholera patient lies at the last gasp but I also lie at the last gasp,\\nMy face is ash-color'd, my sinews gnarl, away from me people retreat.\\n\\nAskers embody themselves in me and I am embodied in them, I project my hat,\\nsit shame-faced, and beg.\\n\\n38\\n\\nEnough! enough! enough! Somehow I have been stunn'd. Stand back! Give me a\\nlittle time beyond my cuff'd head, slumbers, dreams, gaping, I discover myself\\non the verse of a usual mistake.\\n\\nThat I could forget the mockers and insults! That I could forget the trickling\\ntears and the blows of the bludgeons and hammers! That I could look with a\\nseparate look on my own crucifixion and bloody crowning!\\n\\nI remember now, I resume the overstaid fraction, The grave of rock multiplies\\nwhat has been confided to it, or to any graves, Corpses rise, gashes heal,\\nfastenings roll from me.\\n\\nI troop forth replenish'd with supreme power, one of an average unending\\nprocession, Inland and sea-coast we go, and pass all boundary lines, Our swift\\nordinances on their way over the whole earth, The blossoms we wear in our hats\\nthe growth of thousands of years.\\n\\nEleves, I salute you! come forward! Continue your annotations, continue your\\nquestionings.\\n\\n39\\n\\nThe friendly and flowing savage, who is he? Is he waiting for civilization, or\\npast it and mastering it?\\n\\nIs he some Southwesterner rais'd out-doors? is he Kanadian? Is he from the\\nMississippi country? Iowa, Oregon, California? The mountains? prairie-life,\\nbush-life? or sailor from the sea?\\n\\nWherever he goes men and women accept and desire him, They desire he should\\nlike them, touch them, speak to them, stay with them.\\n\\nBehavior lawless as snow-flakes, words simple as grass, uncomb'd head,\\nlaughter, and naivet�, Slow-stepping feet, common features, common modes and\\nemanations, They descend in new forms from the tips of his fingers,\\n\\nThey are wafted with the odor of his body or breath, they fly out of the\\nglance of his eyes.\\n\\n40\\n\\nFlaunt of the sunshine I need not your bask — lie over! You light surfaces\\nonly, I force surfaces and depths also.\\n\\nEarth! you seem to look for something at my hands, Say, old top-knot, what do\\nyou want?\\n\\nMan or woman, I might tell how I like you, but cannot, And might tell what it\\nis in me and what it is in you, but cannot, And might tell that pining I have,\\nthat pulse of my nights and days.\\n\\nBehold, I do not give lectures or a little charity, When I give I give myself.\\n\\nYou there, impotent, loose in the knees, Open your scarf'd chops till I blow\\ngrit within you, Spread your palms and life the flaps of your pockets, I am\\nnot to be denied, I compel, I have stores plenty and to spare, And any thing I\\nhave I bestow.\\n\\nI do not ask who you are, that is not important to me, You can do nothing and\\nbe nothing but what I will infold you.\\n\\nTo cotton-field drudge or cleaner of privies I lean, On his right cheek I put\\nthe family kiss, And in my soul I swear I never will deny him.\\n\\nOn women fit for conception I start bigger and nimbler babes, (This day I am\\njetting the stuff of far more arrogant republics.)\\n\\nTo any one dying, thither I speed and twist the knob of the door,\\n\\nTurn the bed-clothes toward the foot of the bed, Let the physician and the\\npriest go home.\\n\\nI seize the descending man and raise him with resistless will, O despairer,\\nhere is my neck, By God, you shall not go down! hang your whole weight upon\\nme.\\n\\nI dilate you with tremendous breath, I buoy you up, Every room of the house do\\nI fill with an arm'd force, Lovers of me, bafflers of graves.\\n\\nSleep — I and they keep guard all night, Not doubt, not disease shall dare to\\nlay finger upon you, I have embraced you, and henceforth possess you to\\nmyself, And when you rise in the morning you will find what I tell you is so.\\n\\n41\\n\\nI am he bringing help for the sick as they pant on their backs, And for strong\\nupright men I bring yet more needed help.\\n\\nI heard what was said of the universe, Heard it and heard it of several\\nthousand years; It is middling well as far as it goes — but is that all?\\n\\nMagnifying and applying come I, Outbidding at the start the old cautious\\nhucksters, Taking myself the exact dimensions of Jehovah, Lithographing\\nKronos, Zeus his son, and Hercules his grandson, Buying drafts of Osiris,\\nIsis, Belus, Brahma, Buddha, In my portfolio placing Manito loose, Allah on a\\nleaf, the crucifix engraved, With Odin and the hideous-faced Mexitli and every\\nidol and image, Taking them all for what they are worth and not a cent more,\\nAdmitting they were alive and did the work of their days, (They bore mites as\\nfor unfledg'd birds who have now to rise and fly and sing for themselves,)\\n\\nAccepting the rough deific sketches to fill out better in myself, bestowing\\nthem freely on each man and woman I see, Discovering as much or more in a\\nframer framing a house, Putting higher claims for him there with his roll'd-up\\nsleeves driving the mallet and chisel, Not objecting to special revelations,\\nconsidering a curl of smoke or a hair on the back of my hand just as curious\\nas any revelation, Lads ahold of fire-engines and hook-and-ladder ropes no\\nless to me than the gods of the antique wars, Minding their voices peal\\nthrough the crash of destruction, Their brawny limbs passing safe over charr'd\\nlaths, their white foreheads whole and unhurt out of the flames; By the\\nmechanic's wife with her babe at her nipple interceding for every person born,\\nThree scythes at harvest whizzing in a row from three lusty angels with shirts\\nbagg'd out at their waists, The snag-tooth'd hostler with red hair redeeming\\nsins past and to come, Selling all he possesses, traveling on foot to fee\\nlawyers for his brother and sit by him while he is tried for forgery; What was\\nstrewn in the amplest strewing the square rod about me, and not filling the\\nsquare rod then, The bull and the bug never worshipp'd half enough, Dung and\\ndirt more admirable than was dream'd, The supernatural of no account, myself\\nwaiting my time to be one of the supremes, The day getting ready for me when I\\nshall do as much good as the best, and be as prodigious; By my life-lumps!\\nbecoming already a creator, Putting myself here and now to the ambush'd womb\\nof the shadows.\\n\\n42\\n\\nA call in the midst of the crowd, My own voice, orotund sweeping and final.\\n\\nCome my children, Come my boys and girls, my women, household and intimates,\\n\\nNow the performer launches his nerve, he has pass'd his prelude on the reeds\\nwithin.\\n\\nEasily written loose-finger'd chords — I feel the thrum of your climax and\\nclose.\\n\\nMy head slues round on my neck, Music rolls, but not from the organ, Folks are\\naround me, but they are no household of mine.\\n\\nEver the hard unsunk ground, Ever the eaters and drinkers, ever the upward and\\ndownward sun, ever the air and the ceaseless tides, Ever myself and my\\nneighbors, refreshing, wicked, real, Ever the old inexplicable query, ever\\nthat thorn'd thumb, that breath of itches and thirsts, Ever the vexer's hoot!\\nhoot! till we find where the sly one hides and bring him forth, Ever love,\\never the sobbing liquid of life, Ever the bandage under the chin, ever the\\ntrestles of death.\\n\\nHere and there with dimes on the eyes walking, To feed the greed of the belly\\nthe brains liberally spooning, Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the\\nfeast never once going, Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the\\nchaff for payment receiving, A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually\\nclaiming.\\n\\nThis is the city and I am one of the citizens, Whatever interests the rest\\ninterests me, politics, wars, markets, newspapers, schools, The mayor and\\ncouncils, banks, tariffs, steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate\\nand personal estate.\\n\\nThe little plentiful manikins skipping around in collars and tail'd coats, I\\nam aware who they are, (they are positively not worms or fleas,) I acknowledge\\nthe duplicates of myself, the weakest and shallowest is deathless with me,\\n\\nWhat I do and say the same waits for them, Every thought that flounders in me\\nthe same flounders in them.\\n\\nI know perfectly well my own egotism, Know my omnivorous lines and must not\\nwrite any less, And would fetch you whoever you are flush with myself.\\n\\nNot words of routine this song of mine, But abruptly to question, to leap\\nbeyond yet nearer bring; This printed and bound book — but the printer and the\\nprinting-office boy? The well-taken photographs — but your wife or friend\\nclose and solid in your arms? The black ship mail'd with iron, her mighty guns\\nin her turrets — but the pluck of the captain and engineers? In the houses the\\ndishes and fare and furniture — but the host and hostess, and the look out of\\ntheir eyes? The sky up there — yet here or next door, or across the way? The\\nsaints and sages in history — but you yourself? Sermons, creeds, theology —\\nbut the fathomless human brain, And what is reason? and what is love? and what\\nis life?\\n\\n43\\n\\nI do not despise you priests, all time, the world over, My faith is the\\ngreatest of faiths and the least of faiths, Enclosing worship ancient and\\nmodern and all between ancient and modern, Believing I shall come again upon\\nthe earth after five thousand years, Waiting responses from oracles, honoring\\nthe gods, saluting the sun, Making a fetich of the first rock or stump,\\npowowing with sticks in the circle of obis, Helping the llama or brahmin as he\\ntrims the lamps of the idols, Dancing yet through the streets in a phallic\\nprocession, rapt and austere in the woods a gymnosophist, Drinking mead from\\nthe skull-cup, to Shastas and Vedas admirant, minding the Koran,\\n\\nWalking the teokallis, spotted with gore from the stone and knife, beating the\\nserpent-skin drum, Accepting the Gospels, accepting him that was crucified,\\nknowing assuredly that he is divine, To the mass kneeling or the puritan's\\nprayer rising, or sitting patiently in a pew, Ranting and frothing in my\\ninsane crisis, or waiting dead-like till my spirit arouses me, Looking forth\\non pavement and land, or outside of pavement and land, Belonging to the\\nwinders of the circuit of circuits.\\n\\nOne of that centripetal and centrifugal gang I turn and talk like a man\\nleaving charges before a journey.\\n\\nDown-hearted doubters dull and excluded, Frivolous, sullen, moping, angry,\\naffected, dishearten'd, atheistical, I know every one of you, I know the sea\\nof torment, doubt, despair and unbelief.\\n\\nHow the flukes splash! How they contort rapid as lightning, with spasms and\\nspouts of blood!\\n\\nBe at peace bloody flukes of doubters and sullen mopers, I take my place among\\nyou as much as among any, The past is the push of you, me, all, precisely the\\nsame, And what is yet untried and afterward is for you, me, all precisely the\\nsame.\\n\\nI do not know what is untried and afterward, But I know it will in its turn\\nprove sufficient, and cannot fail.\\n\\nEach who passes is consider'd, each who stops is consider'd, not a single one\\ncan it fail.\\n\\nIt cannot fail the young man who died and was buried, Nor the young woman who\\ndied and was put by his side, Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door,\\nand then drew back and was never seen again,\\n\\nNor the old man who has lived without purpose, and feels it with bitterness\\nworse than gall, Nor him in the poor house tubercled by rum and the bad\\ndisorder, Nor the numberless slaughter'd and wreck'd, nor the brutish koboo\\ncall'd the ordure of humanity, Nor the sacs merely floating with open mouths\\nfor food to slip in, Nor any thing in the earth, or down in the oldest graves\\nof the earth, Nor any thing in the myriads of spheres, nor the myriads of\\nmyriads that inhabit them, Nor the present, nor the least wisp that is known.\\n\\n44\\n\\nIt is time to explain myself — let us stand up.\\n\\nWhat is known I strip away, I launch all men and women forward with me into\\nthe Unknown.\\n\\nThe clock indicates the moment — but what does eternity indicate?\\n\\nWe have thus far exhausted trillions of winters and summers, There are\\ntrillions ahead, and trillions ahead of them.\\n\\nBirths have brought us richness and variety, And other births will bring us\\nrichness and variety.\\n\\nI do not call one greater and one smaller, That which fills its period and\\nplace is equal to any.\\n\\nWere mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister? I am sorry\\nfor you, they are not murderous or jealous upon me, All has been gentle with\\nme, I keep no account with lamentation, (What have I to do with lamentation?)\\n\\nI am an acme of things accomplish'd, and I an encloser of things to be.\\n\\nMy feet strike an apex of the apices of the stairs, On every step bunches of\\nages, and larger bunches between the steps, All below duly travel'd, and still\\nI mount and mount.\\n\\nRise after rise bow the phantoms behind me, Afar down I see the huge first\\nNothing, I know I was even there, I waited unseen and always, and slept\\nthrough the lethargic mist, And took my time, and took no hurt from the fetid\\ncarbon.\\n\\nLong I was hugg'd close — long and long.\\n\\nImmense have been the preparations for me, Faithful and friendly the arms that\\nhave help'd me.\\n\\nCycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like cheerful boatmen, For room to\\nme stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after\\nwhat was to hold me.\\n\\nBefore I was born out of my mother generations guided me, My embryo has never\\nbeen torpid, nothing could overlay it.\\n\\nFor it the nebula cohered to an orb, The long slow strata piled to rest it on,\\nVast vegetables gave it sustenance, Monstrous sauroids transported it in their\\nmouths and deposited it with care.\\n\\nAll forces have been steadily employ'd to complete and delight me, Now on this\\nspot I stand with my robust soul.\\n\\n45\\n\\nO span of youth! ever-push'd elasticity! O manhood, balanced, florid and full.\\n\\nMy lovers suffocate me, Crowding my lips, thick in the pores of my skin,\\nJostling me through streets and public halls, coming naked to me at night,\\nCrying by day Ahoy! from the rocks of the river, swinging and chirping over my\\nhead, Calling my name from flower-beds, vines, tangled underbrush, Lighting on\\nevery moment of my life, Bussing my body with soft balsamic busses,\\nNoiselessly passing handfuls out of their hearts and giving them to be mine.\\n\\nOld age superbly rising! O welcome, ineffable grace of dying days!\\n\\nEvery condition promulges not only itself, it promulges what grows after and\\nout of itself, And the dark hush promulges as much as any.\\n\\nI open my scuttle at night and see the far-sprinkled systems, And all I see\\nmultiplied as high as I can cipher edge but the rim of the farther systems.\\n\\nWider and wider they spread, expanding, always expanding, Outward and outward\\nand forever outward.\\n\\nMy sun has his sun and round him obediently wheels, He joins with his partners\\na group of superior circuit, And greater sets follow, making specks of the\\ngreatest inside them.\\n\\nThere is no stoppage and never can be stoppage, If I, you, and the worlds, and\\nall beneath or upon their surfaces, were this moment reduced back to a pallid\\nfloat, it would not avail in the long run, We should surely bring up again\\nwhere we now stand, And surely go as much farther, and then farther and\\nfarther.\\n\\nA few quadrillions of eras, a few octillions of cubic leagues, do not hazard\\nthe span or make it impatient, They are but parts, any thing is but a part.\\n\\nSee ever so far, there is limitless space outside of that, Count ever so much,\\nthere is limitless time around that.\\n\\nMy rendezvous is appointed, it is certain, The Lord will be there and wait\\ntill I come on perfect terms, The great Camerado, the lover true for whom I\\npine will be there.\\n\\n46\\n\\nI know I have the best of time and space, and was never measured and never\\nwill be measured.\\n\\nI tramp a perpetual journey, (come listen all!) My signs are a rain-proof\\ncoat, good shoes, and a staff cut from the woods, No friend of mine takes his\\nease in my chair, I have no chair, no church, no philosophy, I lead no man to\\na dinner-table, library, exchange, But each man and each woman of you I lead\\nupon a knoll, My left hand hooking you round the waist, My right hand pointing\\nto landscapes of continents and the public road.\\n\\nNot I, not any one else can travel that road for you, You must travel it for\\nyourself.\\n\\nIt is not far, it is within reach, Perhaps you have been on it since you were\\nborn and did not know, Perhaps it is everywhere on water and on land.\\n\\nShoulder your duds dear son, and I will mine, and let us hasten forth,\\nWonderful cities and free nations we shall fetch as we go.\\n\\nIf you tire, give me both burdens, and rest the chuff of your hand on my hip,\\nAnd in due time you shall repay the same service to me, For after we start we\\nnever lie by again.\\n\\nThis day before dawn I ascended a hill and look'd at the crowded heaven, And I\\nsaid to my spirit When we become the enfolders of those orbs, and the pleasure\\nand knowledge of every thing in them, shall we be fill'd and satisfied then?\\nAnd my spirit said No, we but level that lift to pass and continue beyond.\\n\\nYou are also asking me questions and I hear you, I answer that I cannot\\nanswer, you must find out for yourself.\\n\\nSit a while dear son, Here are biscuits to eat and here is milk to drink, But\\nas soon as you sleep and renew yourself in sweet clothes, I kiss you with a\\ngood-by kiss and open the gate for your egress hence.\\n\\nLong enough have you dream'd contemptible dreams, Now I wash the gum from your\\neyes, You must habit yourself to the dazzle of the light and of every moment\\nof your life.\\n\\nLong have you timidly waded holding a plank by the shore, Now I will you to be\\na bold swimmer, To jump off in the midst of the sea, rise again, nod to me,\\nshout, and laughingly dash with your hair.\\n\\n47\\n\\nI am the teacher of athletes, He that by me spreads a wider breast than my own\\nproves the width of my own, He most honors my style who learns under it to\\ndestroy the teacher.\\n\\nThe boy I love, the same becomes a man not through derived power, but in his\\nown right, Wicked rather than virtuous out of conformity or fear, Fond of his\\nsweetheart, relishing well his steak, Unrequited love or a slight cutting him\\nworse than sharp steel cuts,\\n\\nFirst-rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bull's eye, to sail a skiff, to sing\\na song or play on the banjo, Preferring scars and the beard and faces pitted\\nwith small-pox over all latherers, And those well-tann'd to those that keep\\nout of the sun.\\n\\nI teach straying from me, yet who can stray from me? I follow you whoever you\\nare from the present hour, My words itch at your ears till you understand\\nthem.\\n\\nI do not say these things for a dollar or to fill up the time while I wait for\\na boat, (It is you talking just as much as myself, I act as the tongue of you,\\nTied in your mouth, in mine it begins to be loosen'd.)\\n\\nI swear I will never again mention love or death inside a house, And I swear I\\nwill never translate myself at all, only to him or her who privately stays\\nwith me in the open air.\\n\\nIf you would understand me go to the heights or water-shore, The nearest gnat\\nis an explanation, and a drop or motion of waves a key, The maul, the oar, the\\nhand-saw, second my words.\\n\\nNo shutter'd room or school can commune with me, But roughs and little\\nchildren better than they.\\n\\nThe young mechanic is closest to me, he knows me well, The woodman that takes\\nhis axe and jug with him shall take me with him all day, The farm-boy\\nploughing in the field feels good at the sound of my voice, In vessels that\\nsail my words sail, I go with fishermen and seamen and love them.\\n\\nThe soldier camp'd or upon the march is mine, On the night ere the pending\\nbattle many seek me, and I do not fail them,\\n\\nOn that solemn night (it may be their last) those that know me seek me.\\n\\nMy face rubs to the hunter's face when he lies down alone in his blanket, The\\ndriver thinking of me does not mind the jolt of his wagon, The young mother\\nand old mother comprehend me, The girl and the wife rest the needle a moment\\nand forget where they are, They and all would resume what I have told them.\\n\\n48\\n\\nI have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the\\nbody is not more than the soul, And nothing, not God, is greater to one than\\none's self is, And whoever walks a furlong without sympathy walks to his own\\nfuneral drest in his shroud, And I or you pocketless of a dime may purchase\\nthe pick of the earth, And to glance with an eye or show a bean in its pod\\nconfounds the learning of all times, And there is no trade or employment but\\nthe young man following it may become a hero, And there is no object so soft\\nbut it makes a hub for the wheel'd universe, And I say to any man or woman,\\nLet your soul stand cool and composed before a million universes.\\n\\nAnd I say to mankind, Be not curious about God, For I who am curious about\\neach am not curious about God, (No array of terms can say how much I am at\\npeace about God and about death.)\\n\\nI hear and behold God in every object, yet understand God not in the least,\\nNor do I understand who there can be more wonderful than myself.\\n\\nWhy should I wish to see God better than this day? I see something of God each\\nhour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I\\nsee God, and in my own face in the glass, I find letters from God dropt in the\\nstreet, and every one is sign'd by God's name, And I leave them where they\\nare, for I know that wheresoe'er I go, Others will punctually come for ever\\nand ever.\\n\\n49\\n\\nAnd as to you Death, and you bitter hug of mortality, it is idle to try to\\nalarm me.\\n\\nTo his work without flinching the accoucheur comes, I see the elder-hand\\npressing receiving supporting, I recline by the sills of the exquisite\\nflexible doors, And mark the outlet, and mark the relief and escape.\\n\\nAnd as to you Corpse I think you are good manure, but that does not offend me,\\nI smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips,\\nI reach to the polish'd breasts of melons.\\n\\nAnd as to you Life I reckon you are the leavings of many deaths, (No doubt I\\nhave died myself ten thousand times before.)\\n\\nI hear you whispering there O stars of heaven, O suns — O grass of graves — O\\nperpetual transfers and promotions, If you do not say any thing how can I say\\nany thing?\\n\\nOf the turbid pool that lies in the autumn forest, Of the moon that descends\\nthe steeps of the soughing twilight, Toss, sparkles of day and dusk — toss on\\nthe black stems that decay in the muck, Toss to the moaning gibberish of the\\ndry limbs.\\n\\nI ascend from the moon, I ascend from the night, I perceive that the ghastly\\nglimmer is noonday sunbeams reflected, And debouch to the steady and central\\nfrom the offspring great or small.\\n\\n50\\n\\nThere is that in me — I do not know what it is — but I know it is in me.\\n\\nWrench'd and sweaty — calm and cool then my body becomes, I sleep — I sleep\\nlong.\\n\\nI do not know it — it is without name — it is a word unsaid, It is not in any\\ndictionary, utterance, symbol.\\n\\nSomething it swings on more than the earth I swing on, To it the creation is\\nthe friend whose embracing awakes me.\\n\\nPerhaps I might tell more. Outlines! I plead for my brothers and sisters.\\n\\nDo you see O my brothers and sisters? It is not chaos or death — it is form,\\nunion, plan — it is eternal life — it is Happiness.\\n\\n51\\n\\nThe past and present wilt — I have fill'd them, emptied them, And proceed to\\nfill my next fold of the future.\\n\\nListener up there! what have you to confide to me? Look in my face while I\\nsnuff the sidle of evening, (Talk honestly, no one else hears you, and I stay\\nonly a minute longer.)\\n\\nDo I contradict myself? Very well then I contradict myself, (I am large, I\\ncontain multitudes.)\\n\\nI concentrate toward them that are nigh, I wait on the door-slab.\\n\\nWho has done his day's work? who will soonest be through with his supper? Who\\nwishes to walk with me?\\n\\nWill you speak before I am gone? will you prove already too late?\\n\\n52\\n\\nThe spotted hawk swoops by and accuses me, he complains of my gab and my\\nloitering.\\n\\nI too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable, I sound my barbaric yawp\\nover the roofs of the world.\\n\\nThe last scud of day holds back for me, It flings my likeness after the rest\\nand true as any on the shadow'd wilds, It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk.\\n\\nI depart as air, I shake my white locks at the runaway sun, I effuse my flesh\\nin eddies, and drift it in lacy jags.\\n\\nI bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love, If you want me\\nagain look for me under your boot-soles.\\n\\nYou will hardly know who I am or what I mean, But I shall be good health to\\nyou nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood.\\n\\nFailing to fetch me at first keep encouraged, Missing me one place search\\nanother, I stop somewhere waiting for you.\\n\\n1855 1881\\n\\nOnline Source: http://www.bibliomania.com\\n\\nReturn to Walt Whitman\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211123025852/https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Examples and Definition of Metaphor\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things. As a literary device, metaphor creates implicit comparisons without the express use of “like” or “as.” Metaphor is a means of asserting that two things are identical in comparison rather than just similar. This is useful in literature for using specific images or concepts to state abstract truths.\",\n \"For example, one of the most famous metaphors in literature is featured in this line from William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet: What light through yonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet, the sun! In this metaphor, Juliet is compared to the sun. In fact, this figure of speech claims that Juliet is the sun. Of course, the reader understands that Romeo does not believe that Juliet is literally the sun. Instead, the comparison demonstrates the idea that Romeo equates Juliet with the beauty, awe, and life-giving force of the sun. To Romeo, symbolically, Juliet and the sun are the same.\",\n \"There are many common examples of metaphor in everyday conversation and writing. Here are some well-known uses of this figure of speech:\",\n \"Some of the most well-known lines in movies feature metaphor. Here are some memorable movie lines that showcase metaphor as an effective device:\",\n \"Metaphor is also found in many famous examples of poetry, prose, drama, lyrics, and even clever quotations. Here are some famous examples of metaphor:\",\n \"It can be difficult in some instances to distinguish between metaphor and simile as literary devices. Both are figures of speech designed to create comparisons. In fact, simile is a subset of metaphor. However, they are distinguished by the presence of one of two words: “like” and “as.” Metaphors create direct comparisons without using either of these words. Similes feature either like or as in making a comparison.\",\n \"A good example to distinguish between these two literary devices comes from the movie adaptation of the novel Forrest Gump by Winston Groom. One of the movie’s themes is based on a comparison between life and a box of chocolates. The main character, Forrest Gump, quotes his mother: “Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.” In this case, the comparison between life and a box of chocolates is a simile due to the presence of the word like.\",\n \"In a different scene, the audience hears Forrest’s mother say: “Life is a box of chocolates, Forrest. You never know what you’re going to get.” This comparison is a metaphor due to the absence of the word like (or as). Both quotes feature comparative figures of speech. However, the uses of metaphor and simile create subtle differences in the meaning of comparing life to a box of chocolates.\",\n \"Overall, as a literary device, metaphor functions as a means of creating a direct comparison between two seemingly different things. This is effective for readers in that metaphor can create an association between two dissimilar entities or ideas that, as a result of the metaphor, illuminate each other and deepen the meaning of both. Metaphor is an essential figure of speech for writers of both poetry and prose.\",\n \"It’s important that writers construct proper metaphors so that the comparative meaning is not lost for the reader. In fact, metaphors are dependent on the understandable combination of a principal term and a secondary term. The principal term conveys the concrete or literal entity, and the secondary term is used figuratively to add meaning. For example, in the metaphor “the car was a lemon,” the principal term is “car” and the secondary term is “lemon.” The use of lemon adds figurative meaning for the car.\",\n \"Metaphors allow writers to create imagery for readers that is limited by description alone. In other words, an effective metaphor eliminates the need for excessive explanation or description on the part of the writer. Instead, by implicitly comparing two different things, an image is created for the reader to allow for greater meaning and understanding. This imagery is a powerful result of using metaphor as a literary device.\",\n \"When writers utilize metaphor as a literary device, it often causes the reader to think about the “logic” or truth in such a comparison. These thoughts, in turn, may evoke emotion in the reader with a successful metaphor through the realization that the comparison is valid. This is especially effective in poetry as a means of portraying truths in a lyrical yet concise manner.\",\n \"Metaphor is a very effective literary device. Here are some examples of metaphor and how it adds to the significance of well-known literary works:\",\n \"Hughes utilizes a second metaphor in the second stanza for life without dreams. In this case, when dreams go, life is a “barren field frozen with snow.” This metaphor creates a comparison between life and an empty, frozen wasteland. Therefore, due to Hughes’s use of metaphor as a literary device in this poem, life becomes death and a burial ground without dreams.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Metaphor - Examples and Definition of Metaphor\\n\\nLiterary Devices\\n\\nDefinition and Examples of Literary Terms\\n\\n# Metaphor\\n\\n## Definition of Metaphor\\n\\nA metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike\\nthings. As a literary device, metaphor creates implicit comparisons without\\nthe express use of “like” or “as.” Metaphor is a means of asserting that two\\nthings are identical in comparison rather than just similar. This is useful in\\nliterature for using specific images or concepts to state abstract truths.\\n\\nFor example, one of the most famous metaphors in literature is featured in\\nthis line from William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet: What light through\\nyonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet, the sun! In this metaphor,\\nJuliet is compared to the sun. In fact, this figure of speech claims that\\nJuliet is the sun. Of course, the reader understands that Romeo does not\\nbelieve that Juliet is literally the sun. Instead, the comparison demonstrates\\nthe idea that Romeo equates Juliet with the beauty, awe, and life-giving force\\nof the sun. To Romeo, symbolically, Juliet and the sun are the same.\\n\\n## Common Examples of Metaphor\\n\\nThere are many common examples of metaphor in everyday conversation and\\nwriting. Here are some well-known uses of this figure of speech:\\n\\n * Laughter is the best medicine.\\n * She is just a late bloomer.\\n * Is there a black sheep in your family?\\n * His heart of stone surprised me.\\n * I smell success in this building.\\n * He’s buried in a sea of paperwork.\\n * There is a weight on my shoulder.\\n * Time is money.\\n * No man is an island.\\n * That actor is a tall drink of water.\\n * Age is a state of mind.\\n * Last night I slept the sleep of the dead.\\n * The new parents had stars in their eyes.\\n * The criminal has blood on his hands.\\n * There is a garden in her face.\\n * Our family is a patchwork quilt.\\n * She has been living in a bubble.\\n * Your argument is a slippery slope.\\n * We found it under a blanket of sand.\\n * I’m pleased to meet your better half.\\n\\n## Examples of Metaphor in Movie Lines\\n\\nSome of the most well-known lines in movies feature metaphor. Here are some\\nmemorable movie lines that showcase metaphor as an effective device:\\n\\n * A Dream is a wish your heart makes. (Walt Disney’s Cinderella)\\n * The rain on my car is a baptism. (Say Anything)\\n * Life is pain, highness. Anyone who says differently is selling something. (The Princess Bride)\\n * Fasten your seat-belts; it’s going to be a bumpy night. (All About Eve)\\n * Life is a cabaret, old chum. (Cabaret)\\n * Say ‘hello’ to my little friend. (Scarface)\\n * It was beauty killed the beast. (King Kong)\\n * Hell is a teenage girl. (Jennifer’s Body)\\n * You sit on a throne of lies. (Elf)\\n * I drink your milkshake. (There Will Be Blood)\\n\\n## Famous Examples of Metaphor\\n\\nMetaphor is also found in many famous examples of poetry, prose, drama,\\nlyrics, and even clever quotations. Here are some famous examples of metaphor:\\n\\n * Your heart is my piñata. (Chuck Palahniuk)\\n * Life is a highway. (Tom Cochrane)\\n * For woman is yin, the darkness within, where untempered passions lie. (Amy Tan)\\n * Love is a battlefield. (Pat Benatar)\\n * Each friend represents a world in us. (Anais Nin)\\n * You are sunlight and I moon. (Miss Saigon)\\n * If music be the food of love, play on (William Shakespeare)\\n * Adults are just obsolete children and the hell with them. (Dr. Seuss)\\n * Time is a drug. Too much of it kills you. (Terry Pratchet)\\n * hope is the thing with feathers (Emily Dickinson)\\n\\n## Difference Between Metaphor and Simile\\n\\nIt can be difficult in some instances to distinguish between metaphor and\\nsimile as literary devices. Both are figures of speech designed to create\\ncomparisons. In fact, simile is a subset of metaphor. However, they are\\ndistinguished by the presence of one of two words: “like” and “as.” Metaphors\\ncreate direct comparisons without using either of these words. Similes feature\\neither like or as in making a comparison.\\n\\nA good example to distinguish between these two literary devices comes from\\nthe movie adaptation of the novel Forrest Gump by Winston Groom. One of the\\nmovie’s themes is based on a comparison between life and a box of chocolates.\\nThe main character, Forrest Gump, quotes his mother: “Life is like a box of\\nchocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.” In this case, the\\ncomparison between life and a box of chocolates is a simile due to the\\npresence of the word like.\\n\\nIn a different scene, the audience hears Forrest’s mother say: “Life is a box\\nof chocolates, Forrest. You never know what you’re going to get.” This\\ncomparison is a metaphor due to the absence of the word like (or as). Both\\nquotes feature comparative figures of speech. However, the uses of metaphor\\nand simile create subtle differences in the meaning of comparing life to a box\\nof chocolates.\\n\\n## Writing Metaphor\\n\\nOverall, as a literary device, metaphor functions as a means of creating a\\ndirect comparison between two seemingly different things. This is effective\\nfor readers in that metaphor can create an association between two dissimilar\\nentities or ideas that, as a result of the metaphor, illuminate each other and\\ndeepen the meaning of both. Metaphor is an essential figure of speech for\\nwriters of both poetry and prose.\\n\\nIt’s important that writers construct proper metaphors so that the comparative\\nmeaning is not lost for the reader. In fact, metaphors are dependent on the\\nunderstandable combination of a principal term and a secondary term. The\\nprincipal term conveys the concrete or literal entity, and the secondary term\\nis used figuratively to add meaning. For example, in the metaphor “the car was\\na lemon,” the principal term is “car” and the secondary term is “lemon.” The\\nuse of lemon adds figurative meaning for the car.\\n\\nHere are some ways that writers benefit from incorporating metaphor into their\\nwork:\\n\\n### Create Imagery\\n\\nMetaphors allow writers to create imagery for readers that is limited by\\ndescription alone. In other words, an effective metaphor eliminates the need\\nfor excessive explanation or description on the part of the writer. Instead,\\nby implicitly comparing two different things, an image is created for the\\nreader to allow for greater meaning and understanding. This imagery is a\\npowerful result of using metaphor as a literary device.\\n\\n### Evoke Thought and Emotion\\n\\nWhen writers utilize metaphor as a literary device, it often causes the reader\\nto think about the “logic” or truth in such a comparison. These thoughts, in\\nturn, may evoke emotion in the reader with a successful metaphor through the\\nrealization that the comparison is valid. This is especially effective in\\npoetry as a means of portraying truths in a lyrical yet concise manner.\\n\\n## Examples of Metaphor in Literature\\n\\nMetaphor is a very effective literary device. Here are some examples of\\nmetaphor and how it adds to the significance of well-known literary works:\\n\\n### Example 1: Fire and Ice (Robert Frost)\\n\\n> Some say the world will end in fire,\\n>\\n> Some say in ice.\\n>\\n> From what I’ve tasted of desire\\n>\\n> I hold with those who favor fire.\\n>\\n> But if it had to perish twice,\\n>\\n> I think I know enough of hate\\n>\\n> To say that for destruction ice\\n>\\n> Is also great\\n>\\n> And would suffice.\\n\\nIn this poem, Frost compares end-of-world destructive forces to both fire and\\nice. These are metaphors that serve as figures of speech in the sense that the\\npoet does not literally mean that the world will end because of fire and ice.\\nInstead, fire represents destructive forces associated with desire, such as\\npower, jealousy, and anger. Similarly, ice represents destructive forces\\nassociated with hate, such as prejudice, hostility, and isolation. These\\nmetaphors are an effective literary device in that it causes the reader to\\nconsider that desire and hatred are as destructive as fire and ice.\\n\\n### Example 2: Dreams (Langston Hughes)\\n\\n> Hold fast to dreams\\n>\\n> For if dreams die\\n>\\n> Life is a broken-winged bird\\n>\\n> That cannot fly.\\n>\\n> Hold fast to dreams\\n>\\n> For when dreams go\\n>\\n> Life is a barren field\\n>\\n> Frozen with snow.\\n\\nIn this poem, Hughes utilizes metaphor to compare life to a broken-winged bird\\nand a barren field as consequences to the loss of dreams. In the first stanza,\\nHughes claims that if dreams die then life is a “broken-winged bird that\\ncannot fly.” This is a significant use of metaphor in that it characterizes\\nlife without dreams as something fragile that has been irreparably harmed. The\\nmetaphor creates an image for the reader of a bird that is wounded, grounded,\\nand unable to reach its purpose or potential. If life is this bird, then,\\nwithout dreams, it is also wounded, grounded, and thwarted in purpose.\\n\\nHughes utilizes a second metaphor in the second stanza for life without\\ndreams. In this case, when dreams go, life is a “barren field frozen with\\nsnow.” This metaphor creates a comparison between life and an empty, frozen\\nwasteland. Therefore, due to Hughes’s use of metaphor as a literary device in\\nthis poem, life becomes death and a burial ground without dreams.\\n\\n### Example 3: since feeling is first (E.E. Cummings)\\n\\n> we are for eachother: then laugh, leaning back in my arms for life’s not a\\n> paragraph\\n>\\n> And death i think is no parenthesis\\n\\nIn this poem, Cummings uses metaphor in a clever way to compare life and death\\nto the constraints of a writing formality and punctuation. In fact, it is a\\nnegative comparison in the sense that the poet states life is “not” a\\nparagraph and death is “no” parenthesis. The use of metaphor as a literary\\ndevice in this work is both poetic and self-reflexive in significance. The\\nmetaphors for life and death are poetic because the poet is showcasing that\\nlife and death are concepts too monumental to be “contained” in writing or\\n“enclosed” by punctuation (paragraph and parenthesis). Yet, the metaphors are\\nalso self-reflexive in that the comparisons of life and death are\\nsimultaneously “contained” in and “enclosed” by the poem itself.\\n\\n#### Related posts:\\n\\n * 200 Short and Sweet Metaphor Examples\\n * 5 Metaphors in Harry Potter\\n * 10 Great Metaphors from Popular Music\\n * Top 6 Great Metaphors in Presidential Speeches\\n * Famous Metaphors in The Bible\\n * Famous Metaphors from Athletes, Artists, and Authors\\n * Brevity is the Soul of Wit\\n * The Fault, Dear Brutus\\n * A Rose by any Other Name\\n * Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night\\n * Miles to Go Before I Sleep\\n * All the World’s a Stage\\n * To Be Great is to Be Misunderstood\\n * To Sleep, Perchance to Dream\\n * Hamlet Act-I, Scene-I Study Guide\\n * Heavy is The Head That Wears The Crown\\n * Star-crossed Lovers\\n * The Quality of Mercy is Not Strain’d\\n * There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men\\n * A Thing of Beauty is a Joy For Ever\\n * The Winter of Our Discontent\\n * Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow\\n * Silence is Golden\\n * Every Cloud has a Silver Lining\\n * Raining Cats and Dogs\\n * You Are What You Eat\\n * Romeo and Juliet Metaphor\\n * Metaphors in Movies\\n * 10 Great Metaphors from Popular 2000’s Songs\\n\\n### Post navigation\\n\\n← Fra Lippo Lippi\\n\\nRepetition →\\n\\n#### You may also like\\n\\n 1. 200 Short and Sweet Metaphor Examples\\n 2. 5 Metaphors in Harry Potter\\n 3. 10 Great Metaphors from Popular Music\\n 4. Top 6 Great Metaphors in Presidential Speeches\\n 5. Famous Metaphors in The Bible\\n 6. Famous Metaphors from Athletes, Artists, and Authors\\n 7. Brevity is the Soul of Wit\\n 8. The Fault, Dear Brutus\\n 9. A Rose by any Other Name\\n 10. Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night\\n 11. Miles to Go Before I Sleep\\n 12. All the World’s a Stage\\n 13. To Be Great is to Be Misunderstood\\n 14. To Sleep, Perchance to Dream\\n 15. Hamlet Act-I, Scene-I Study Guide\\n 16. Heavy is The Head That Wears The Crown\\n 17. Star-crossed Lovers\\n 18. The Quality of Mercy is Not Strain’d\\n 19. There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men\\n 20. A Thing of Beauty is a Joy For Ever\\n 21. The Winter of Our Discontent\\n 22. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow\\n 23. Silence is Golden\\n 24. Every Cloud has a Silver Lining\\n 25. Raining Cats and Dogs\\n 26. You Are What You Eat\\n 27. Romeo and Juliet Metaphor\\n 28. Metaphors in Movies\\n 29. 10 Great Metaphors from Popular 2000’s Songs\\n\\n#### Popular Literary Devices\\n\\nView Full List of Literary Devices\\n\\n * Ad Hominem\\n * Adage\\n * Allegory\\n * Alliteration\\n * Allusion\\n * Ambiguity\\n * Anachronism\\n * Anagram\\n * Analogy\\n * Anapest\\n * Anaphora\\n * Anecdote\\n * Antagonist\\n * Antecedent\\n * Antimetabole\\n * Antithesis\\n * Aphorism\\n * Aposiopesis\\n * Apostrophe\\n * Archaism\\n * Archetype\\n * Argument\\n * Assonance\\n * Biography\\n * Cacophony\\n * Cadence\\n * Caricature\\n * Catharsis\\n * Characterization\\n * Cliché\\n * Climax\\n * Colloquialism\\n * Comparison\\n * Conflict\\n * Connotation\\n * Consonance\\n * Denotation\\n * Deus Ex Machina\\n * Dialect\\n * Dialogue\\n * Diction\\n * Didacticism\\n * Discourse\\n * Doppelganger\\n * Double Entendre\\n * Ellipsis\\n * Epiphany\\n * Epitaph\\n * Essay\\n * Ethos\\n * Eulogy\\n * Euphemism\\n * Evidence\\n * Exposition\\n * Fable\\n * Fallacy\\n * Flash Forward\\n * Foil\\n * Foreshadowing\\n * Foreword\\n * Genre\\n * Haiku\\n * Half Rhyme\\n * Homage\\n * Hubris\\n * Hyperbaton\\n * Hyperbole\\n * Idiom\\n * Imagery\\n * Induction\\n * Inference\\n * Innuendo\\n * Internal Rhyme\\n * Irony\\n * Jargon\\n * Juxtaposition\\n * Limerick\\n * Line Break\\n * Logos\\n * Meiosis\\n * Memoir\\n * Metaphor\\n * Meter\\n * Montage\\n * Mood\\n * Motif\\n * Motto\\n * Narrative\\n * Nemesis\\n * Non Sequitur\\n * Ode\\n * Onomatopoeia\\n * Oxymoron\\n * Palindrome\\n * Parable\\n * Paradox\\n * Parallelism\\n * Parataxis\\n * Parody\\n * Pathetic Fallacy\\n * Pathos\\n * Pentameter\\n * Persona\\n * Personification\\n * Plot\\n * Plot Twist\\n * Poem\\n * Poetic Justice\\n * Point of View\\n * Portmanteau\\n * Propaganda\\n * Prose\\n * Protagonist\\n * Pun\\n * Red Herring\\n * Repetition\\n * Rhetoric\\n * Rhyme\\n * Rhythm\\n * Sarcasm\\n * Satire\\n * Simile\\n * Soliloquy\\n * Sonnet\\n * Style\\n * Subtext\\n * Superlative\\n * Syllogism\\n * Symbolism\\n * Synecdoche\\n * Synesthesia\\n * Synonym\\n * Syntax\\n * Tautology\\n * Theme\\n * Thesis\\n * Tone\\n * Tragedy\\n * Tragicomedy\\n * Tragic Flaw\\n * Transition\\n * Utopia\\n * Verisimilitude\\n\\nCopyright © 2021 Literary Devices. All Rights Reserved. - Contact Us - Privacy\\nPolicy - Terms and Conditions\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20191102032234/https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Today’s guest post is by Stacey Dubois, a graduate student at Tufts University, as well as an aspiring children’s/YA novelist. For more on the psychology of the creative process, visit her blog.\",\n \"In the courtroom, witnesses pledge to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.” An admirable goal, but a laughable one to memory researchers. Unless you’re Jill Price, a woman suffering from the first known case of hyperthymestic syndrome (“total recall”), such a feat is impossible. Why?\",\n \"Memory is not an impartial recording device. Retrieving a memory is not like using the playback mode on a video camera, nor is it like opening a document stored on a hard drive or pulling a file from an organized cabinet. Rather, recall is a reconstructive process, one that’s subject to error, bias, and suggestion. This obviously can cause problems when the accuracy of a memory is of the utmost importance, as it is when an eyewitness sits upon the stand to testify. But the fallible nature of the human memory system can be troublesome outside of the courtroom, as well.\",\n \"Enter memoirists. There you sit, perched on the brink of full disclosure, the story of your fascinating life taking shape on the blank page before you. Writing memoirs is challenging enough without your memory getting in the way.\",\n \"Because memoirs are categorized as nonfiction, you intend to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth,” right? But how can you be sure your words are true (and avoid controversy)? How can you tell the whole truth of your richly detailed life, when you can’t even remember what you had for breakfast yesterday? And if you aim to tell “nothing but the truth,” does that mean you can’t invent a little when certain facts escape you but are vital to the depth and/or coherence of the story?\",\n \"I’m both a writer and a cognitive psychologist who studies memory and metamemory (knowledge of our own memories), and I’ve devised a list of 10 tips to help you make the most of your memory as you write your life story:\",\n \"1. Utilize memory triggers. This one may seem obvious, but there’s nothing like a good, concrete trigger to get a memory flowing. Flip through photo albums and yearbooks, watch home movies, sort through old letters and e-mails you’ve saved, etc. You can even search for triggers online, including music, pictures, and videos from the era in question (one YouTube clip of Eureeka’s Castle, and half my childhood comes flooding back).\",\n \"2. Get in the right mindset. Have you ever been told to think about something happy when you’re feeling blue? The problem with this advice is that the first thoughts and memories that come to mind often match your mood. In the scientific literature, “state-dependent” memory effects suggest that memory performance is typically best when the internal state at encoding (during the original event) is congruent with the internal state at retrieval (when you try to remember it later). So, if you’re having a down day, don’t try writing the chapter about your wedding on a Hawaiian beach at sunset. Save that section for a day when you wake up on the right side of the bed.\",\n \"What if you’re writing about a night spent at the bar? Here’s a fun tip—have a drink first. Seriously—undergraduates almost fall out of their chairs when I recommend that, should they ever happen to study for an exam while intoxicated, they should take the exam intoxicated, as well. (There’s a caveat, of course: the best memory performance comes from a sober-sober match up!)\",\n \"3. Reinstate the context. This is essentially the same principle as described above, but applied to the external context of the memory. Another education- related example: If you attend lectures in a particular classroom for an entire semester, your test performance should be better if your final exam is held in the same classroom, rather than a lecture hall across campus. What does this mean for memoirists? Revisiting the scenes of certain memories may be advantageous to your work—the experience will likely uncover details that would have otherwise remained buried.\",\n \"4. Take advantage of your memory’s natural organization. Autobiographical memory is special. It comprises both episodic memory (memory for events) and semantic memory (general knowledge), but it is unique in that all of the memories are relevant to YOU. Unlike other systems of memory, autobiographical memory contributes to the formation of your sense of self. It is not simply a log of your daily activities—the memories form the story of your life. This organization is beneficial to writers, because narrative arc is an essential component of a memoir.\",\n \"Here’s an activity to help you capitalize on this organization: on separate sheets of blank paper, make a timeline for each “sphere” of your life (school, work, family, friends, etc). Then, on each timeline, segment and label the important “periods;” separate these from each other with defining events—“turning points” such as moves, milestones, deaths, etc. (these can differ from timeline to timeline). Finally, take notes on what you remember from each period, staying completely within one sphere at a time. It’s also a good idea to make your first pass over the activity chronologically, even if you are not planning to organize your memoir that way.\",\n \"5. Pay attention to what’s distinct. Some of our memories are hazy, fragmentary, confusing, or seemingly trivial. Yet there’s something about each one that makes it stick in our minds. Pay attention to the most distinctive, attention-grabbing elements of your memories and decide what those details say about you (or that time in your life), even if the memory itself is difficult to understand/work with. You might find that the idiosyncrasies of what you remember are useful illustrations of your personal quirks.\",\n \"6. Leave out memories from the childhood amnesia period. Or, more accurately—don’t describe events from that period as if you remember them firsthand. The consensus among researchers is that our first explicit memories are not consolidated until the second or third year of life; so, even if you think you remember lying in your crib as a 6-month-old child, watching your mobile spin round, you shouldn’t include this in your memoir, because it will detract from your credibility.\",\n \"7. Be a critical thinker. We’re overconfident in our memories. Period. Question yourself as you write: is what you’re saying plausible? Does it align with things you know for sure—facts about where you lived, who you knew, and what your day-to-day routine was like at the time? When in doubt, discuss the memory with friends and family members who were there. If no one can agree on what “really” happened, well ... you’re the author, so you can decide what version to tell. My advice: note that there are competing (yet equally plausible) accounts, but then describe the event as you personally remember it (because it is, after all, your story).\",\n \"8. Use your senses. Remembering isn’t like looking at a static photograph, or even watching a video clip. Often, remembering is reliving—it’s a moving, breathing, sensory experience. The richness of such details is not only useful for distinguishing true memories from “false” memories or dreams, but also for connecting with your audience. Invite your readers into your experiences by including sensory details in your memoir. This is good practice with any type of creative writing, but memoirs are special because the perspective is uniquely yours—one grounded in flesh and blood, rather than the imagined world of a character.\",\n \"9. It’s never too late to start keeping a journal. The writing and revision process can last months or years—and who says that nothing interesting will happen to you during that period? Make things easier on your future self by writing down all the details of important events now, in case you want to include them in your memoir later.\",\n \"10. Strive for truth, but accept honesty. That’s cryptic, huh? Here’s what I mean: No one cares if Chuckles was really the name of the clown whose presence traumatized you at your fifth birthday party. Chuckles, Giggles, Lollipop, Snorkel—whatever name you use, it doesn’t change the integrity of your story, and that’s the important thing. This can hold for elements less trivial than names—such as date, location, dialogue, etc. Just make sure to tell your audience when you’ve knowingly entered the realm of speculation if the details and facts in question are central to the narrative arc.\",\n \"We’ve all experienced the pitfalls of our memories, so your readers will understand that no memoirist can tell their story exactly as it happened. There is an element of fiction to every memoir, but, even if an objective “truth” is impossible, the important thing is that you give your memory a good workout during the writing process and make authenticity your ultimate goal.\",\n \"My thanks to Stacey for such a thoughtful post on memory and memoir. Be sure to visit her blog for more on the psychology of the creative process.\",\n \"Also, this week on Thursday, I’ll be a guest on a monthly roundtable call hosted by the National Association of Memoir Writers. Go here for more info.\",\n \"What an excellent post full of good tips, with solid backup information and explanations. It’s fun and interesting to hear from someone who is passionate about two topics I love, writing and psychology.\",\n \"I’ve been journaling for several years now, and have discovered looking back that it’s easy to leave out details because at the moment it’s so profound you can’t imagine forgetting the nuances of a situation, place or person I’ve met.\",\n \"And when it comes to touching on hard topics, I prefer openness and authenticity, and know that glossing over issues is not a solution.I also respect others and want to extend some grace. So sometimes I refer to issues as a situation with so-and-so, with some other hints. That said, I do highly recommend journaling for writing practice and mental processing, and the contents of a journal truly do serve as good memory triggers later.\",\n \"I just experienced this preparing to speak about and preview a book called \\\"Emotionally Healthy Spirituality\\\" that I had read. My journal entries about the book were quite useful in my presentation prep work.\",\n \"I had an experience with contextual memory. A few decades ago, before my childhood was processed through therapy and writing, I visited my home town. As I drove toward it, the landscape of red dirt and wheat triggered waves of deep recognition in my body. Then, as I approached the town, the wheat mills, the familiar layout of the streets, and the Great Plains wind kicked up movies in my head. On and on this went, bits of memory, details of grade school, friends’ faces loomed before me. Music, bits of dialogue that people had said 15 years earlier floated by. It was strange, as if my cells had been stamped with these memories. I learned later as a writer to visit the places of memory, and while I was there, to write and write as fast as I could. We need to be unleashed in the first draft. Thank you for the post! I’ll be following her blog in the future. And,I’m looking forward to our NAMW roundtable on Sept. 2! –Linda Joy\",\n \"When I was about 50 — I’m 72 now — I realized that the family history ended with me unless I wrote some of it down. I am an only child and my grandparents and parents died early. My raison d’etre was to pass on information to the four grandchildren who, at the time, were infants. It was a chathartic experience and I recommend it to anyone unless they had a traumatic childhood better left unremembered.\",\n \"Thank you for this post. I am so thankful to have photographs and old journals to refer to as I work on my manuscript.\",\n \"The Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance your writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to improve your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a sustainable career. Join us in NYC from August 22-25!\",\n \"Attendees will learn how to write a dynamite query letter, tackle a one-page synopsis (for fiction) and a book proposal (for nonfiction). The instructing literary agents will also explain the importance of author platform in addition to basic etiquette in dealing with an agent and manuscript basics.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life | Writer's\\nDigest\\n\\n### WritersDigest Sites\\n\\n * Writer’s Digest\\n * WD University\\n * 2nd Draft Critiques\\n * WD Annual Conference\\n * Writer’s Digest Shop\\n * Script Magazine\\n\\nWriter's Digest\\n\\nRegisterLog In\\n\\n### Navigate\\n\\n * Home\\n * Prompts\\n\\n * Poetry Prompts\\n * Your Story Prompts\\n * Articles\\n\\n * The Writer’s Dig\\n * Publishing Insights\\n * Poetic Asides\\n * By Writing Genre\\n\\n * Literary Fiction\\n * Young Adult/Childrens\\n * Mystery/Thriller\\n * Romance\\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\\n * Horror\\n * Spiritual\\n * Humor\\n * Short Story/Essay\\n * Articles/Freelance\\n * Memoir\\n * Nonfiction\\n * Poetry\\n * Screenwriting\\n * By Writing Goal\\n\\n * Get Published/Sell Your Work\\n * Self-Publish\\n * Build a Platform & Start Blogging\\n * Promoting Your Work\\n * Business Legal Matters\\n * Overcoming Writer’s Block\\n * Improve Writing Skills\\n * Write an Article\\n * Complete 1st Chapter\\n * Complete 1st Draft\\n * Write a Screenplay | ScriptMag\\n * Sell a Script and Build a Screenwriting Career | ScriptMag\\n * By Writing Level\\n\\n * Haven’t Written Anything Yet\\n * At Work on First Draft\\n * Completed Multiple Manuscripts\\n * Published Author\\n * Education\\n\\n * WD University\\n * Screenwriters University\\n * Writing Tutorials\\n * Writing Webinars\\n * Competitions\\n\\n * Writer’s Digest Annual\\n * Self-Published Books\\n * Self-Published Ebooks\\n * Poetry\\n * Short Short Story\\n * Popular Fiction\\n * Thriller/Suspense\\n * Mystery/Crime\\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\\n * Horror\\n * Romance\\n * Young Adult Fiction\\n * Your Story\\n * Events\\n\\n * Writer’s Digest Annual Conference\\n * Writer’s Digest Novel Writing Conference\\n * Code of Conduct\\n * Community\\n\\n * WD Forum\\n * WD Author Exchange\\n * Best Websites for Writers\\n * The Writer’s Digest Podcast\\n * Writer’s Digest Staff\\n * Resources\\n\\n * Writing Prompts\\n * Poetry Prompts\\n * 2nd Draft Critique Service\\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Critique Service\\n * Free Writing Resources\\n * Free Screenwriting Resources\\n * Subscribe\\n\\n * Subscribe to WD Magazine\\n * Renew Your Subscription\\n * Give a Gift Subscription\\n * Digital Editions\\n * WD Weekly Newsletter\\n * WD Shop\\n\\n * Write Better Fiction\\n * Write Better Nonfiction\\n * Freelance Writing\\n * Get Published\\n * Bundles & Kits\\n * Magazine Back Issues\\n\\n## Character Worksheets\\n\\nSubscribe to our FREE email newsletter and download free character development\\nworksheets!\\n\\n# Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life\\n\\nBy: Ben Sobieck | August 30, 2010\\n\\nToday’s guest post is by Stacey Dubois, a graduate student at Tufts\\nUniversity, as well as an aspiring children’s/YA novelist. For more on the\\npsychology of the creative process, visit her blog.\\n\\n—\\n\\nIn the courtroom, witnesses pledge to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and\\nnothing but the truth.” An admirable goal, but a laughable one to memory\\nresearchers. Unless you’re Jill Price, a woman suffering from the first known\\ncase of hyperthymestic syndrome (“total recall”), such a feat is impossible.\\nWhy?\\n\\nMemory is not an impartial recording device. Retrieving a memory is not like\\nusing the playback mode on a video camera, nor is it like opening a document\\nstored on a hard drive or pulling a file from an organized cabinet. Rather,\\nrecall is a reconstructive process, one that’s subject to error, bias, and\\nsuggestion. This obviously can cause problems when the accuracy of a memory is\\nof the utmost importance, as it is when an eyewitness sits upon the stand to\\ntestify. But the fallible nature of the human memory system can be troublesome\\noutside of the courtroom, as well.\\n\\nEnter memoirists. There you sit, perched on the brink of full disclosure, the\\nstory of your fascinating life taking shape on the blank page before you.\\nWriting memoirs is challenging enough without your memory getting in the way.\\n\\nBecause memoirs are categorized as nonfiction, you intend to “tell the truth,\\nthe whole truth, and nothing but the truth,” right? But how can you be sure\\nyour words are true (and avoid controversy)? How can you tell the whole truth\\nof your richly detailed life, when you can’t even remember what you had for\\nbreakfast yesterday? And if you aim to tell “nothing but the truth,” does that\\nmean you can’t invent a little when certain facts escape you but are vital to\\nthe depth and/or coherence of the story?\\n\\nI’m both a writer and a cognitive psychologist who studies memory and\\nmetamemory (knowledge of our own memories), and I’ve devised a list of 10 tips\\nto help you make the most of your memory as you write your life story:\\n\\n1\\\\. Utilize memory triggers. This one may seem obvious, but there’s nothing\\nlike a good, concrete trigger to get a memory flowing. Flip through photo\\nalbums and yearbooks, watch home movies, sort through old letters and e-mails\\nyou’ve saved, etc. You can even search for triggers online, including music,\\npictures, and videos from the era in question (one YouTube clip of Eureeka’s\\nCastle, and half my childhood comes flooding back).\\n\\n2\\\\. Get in the right mindset. Have you ever been told to think about something\\nhappy when you’re feeling blue? The problem with this advice is that the first\\nthoughts and memories that come to mind often match your mood. In the\\nscientific literature, “state-dependent” memory effects suggest that memory\\nperformance is typically best when the internal state at encoding (during the\\noriginal event) is congruent with the internal state at retrieval (when you\\ntry to remember it later). So, if you’re having a down day, don’t try writing\\nthe chapter about your wedding on a Hawaiian beach at sunset. Save that\\nsection for a day when you wake up on the right side of the bed.\\n\\nWhat if you’re writing about a night spent at the bar? Here’s a fun tip—have a\\ndrink first. Seriously—undergraduates almost fall out of their chairs when I\\nrecommend that, should they ever happen to study for an exam while\\nintoxicated, they should take the exam intoxicated, as well. (There’s a\\ncaveat, of course: the best memory performance comes from a sober-sober match\\nup!)\\n\\n3\\\\. Reinstate the context. This is essentially the same principle as described\\nabove, but applied to the external context of the memory. Another education-\\nrelated example: If you attend lectures in a particular classroom for an\\nentire semester, your test performance should be better if your final exam is\\nheld in the same classroom, rather than a lecture hall across campus. What\\ndoes this mean for memoirists? Revisiting the scenes of certain memories may\\nbe advantageous to your work—the experience will likely uncover details that\\nwould have otherwise remained buried.\\n\\n4\\\\. Take advantage of your memory’s natural organization. Autobiographical\\nmemory is special. It comprises both episodic memory (memory for events) and\\nsemantic memory (general knowledge), but it is unique in that all of the\\nmemories are relevant to YOU. Unlike other systems of memory, autobiographical\\nmemory contributes to the formation of your sense of self. It is not simply a\\nlog of your daily activities—the memories form the story of your life. This\\norganization is beneficial to writers, because narrative arc is an essential\\ncomponent of a memoir.\\n\\nHere’s an activity to help you capitalize on this organization: on separate\\nsheets of blank paper, make a timeline for each “sphere” of your life (school,\\nwork, family, friends, etc). Then, on each timeline, segment and label the\\nimportant “periods;” separate these from each other with defining\\nevents—“turning points” such as moves, milestones, deaths, etc. (these can\\ndiffer from timeline to timeline). Finally, take notes on what you remember\\nfrom each period, staying completely within one sphere at a time. It’s also a\\ngood idea to make your first pass over the activity chronologically, even if\\nyou are not planning to organize your memoir that way.\\n\\n5\\\\. Pay attention to what’s distinct. Some of our memories are hazy,\\nfragmentary, confusing, or seemingly trivial. Yet there’s something about each\\none that makes it stick in our minds. Pay attention to the most distinctive,\\nattention-grabbing elements of your memories and decide what those details say\\nabout you (or that time in your life), even if the memory itself is difficult\\nto understand/work with. You might find that the idiosyncrasies of what you\\nremember are useful illustrations of your personal quirks.\\n\\n6\\\\. Leave out memories from the childhood amnesia period. Or, more\\naccurately—don’t describe events from that period as if you remember them\\nfirsthand. The consensus among researchers is that our first explicit memories\\nare not consolidated until the second or third year of life; so, even if you\\nthink you remember lying in your crib as a 6-month-old child, watching your\\nmobile spin round, you shouldn’t include this in your memoir, because it will\\ndetract from your credibility.\\n\\n7\\\\. Be a critical thinker. We’re overconfident in our memories. Period.\\nQuestion yourself as you write: is what you’re saying plausible? Does it align\\nwith things you know for sure—facts about where you lived, who you knew, and\\nwhat your day-to-day routine was like at the time? When in doubt, discuss the\\nmemory with friends and family members who were there. If no one can agree on\\nwhat “really” happened, well ... you’re the author, so you can decide what\\nversion to tell. My advice: note that there are competing (yet equally\\nplausible) accounts, but then describe the event as you personally remember it\\n(because it is, after all, your story).\\n\\n8\\\\. Use your senses. Remembering isn’t like looking at a static photograph, or\\neven watching a video clip. Often, remembering is reliving—it’s a moving,\\nbreathing, sensory experience. The richness of such details is not only useful\\nfor distinguishing true memories from “false” memories or dreams, but also for\\nconnecting with your audience. Invite your readers into your experiences by\\nincluding sensory details in your memoir. This is good practice with any type\\nof creative writing, but memoirs are special because the perspective is\\nuniquely yours—one grounded in flesh and blood, rather than the imagined world\\nof a character.\\n\\n9\\\\. It’s never too late to start keeping a journal. The writing and revision\\nprocess can last months or years—and who says that nothing interesting will\\nhappen to you during that period? Make things easier on your future self by\\nwriting down all the details of important events now, in case you want to\\ninclude them in your memoir later.\\n\\n10\\\\. Strive for truth, but accept honesty. That’s cryptic, huh? Here’s what I\\nmean: No one cares if Chuckles was really the name of the clown whose presence\\ntraumatized you at your fifth birthday party. Chuckles, Giggles, Lollipop,\\nSnorkel—whatever name you use, it doesn’t change the integrity of your story,\\nand that’s the important thing. This can hold for elements less trivial than\\nnames—such as date, location, dialogue, etc. Just make sure to tell your\\naudience when you’ve knowingly entered the realm of speculation if the details\\nand facts in question are central to the narrative arc.\\n\\nWe’ve all experienced the pitfalls of our memories, so your readers will\\nunderstand that no memoirist can tell their story exactly as it happened.\\nThere is an element of fiction to every memoir, but, even if an objective\\n“truth” is impossible, the important thing is that you give your memory a good\\nworkout during the writing process and make authenticity your ultimate goal.\\n\\nAn honest memoir is an unforgettable memoir.\\n\\n—\\n\\nMy thanks to Stacey for such a thoughtful post on memory and memoir. Be sure\\nto visit her blog for more on the psychology of the creative process.\\n\\nAlso, this week on Thursday, I’ll be a guest on a monthly roundtable call\\nhosted by the National Association of Memoir Writers. Go here for more info.\\n\\nPhoto credit: komehachi888\\n\\nCATEGORIES Craft & Technique, Guest Post\\n\\n## About Ben Sobieck\\n\\nBenjamin Sobieck is a Wattpad Star and Watty Award winner. His Writer's Digest\\nbooks are The Writer's Guide to Wattpad and The Writer's Guide to Weapons.\\n\\nHe is also the creator of The Writer's Glove and Writer's Block Coffee.\\n\\nSee his full bio here.\\n\\nView all posts by Ben Sobieck →\\n\\n * #### Free Writing Resources\\n\\n * ### Writing Fiction: 5 Tips to Get More Creative\\n\\n * ### 10 Situation Starters to Beat Writer’s Block\\n\\n * ### Free Guide to Revision Techniques for Writers\\n\\n * ### Plot Development: Charts and Tips for Outlining and Plotting a Novel\\n\\n * ### NaNoWriMo Week 1 Cheat Sheet – Character Development\\n\\n * ### 14 Amateur Mistakes Every Writer Should Avoid\\n\\n * ### Grammar Rules – Debunking 10 Grammar (and Novel Writing) Myths\\n\\n * ### Why a Writer Without a Deadline Is Looking For Trouble\\n\\n * ### Writing the Travel Essay\\n\\n## 5 thoughts on “Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your\\nLife”\\n\\n 1. Helene Bergren September 2, 2010 at 3:43 pm\\n\\nWhat an excellent post full of good tips, with solid backup information and\\nexplanations. It’s fun and interesting to hear from someone who is passionate\\nabout two topics I love, writing and psychology.\\n\\nI’ve been journaling for several years now, and have discovered looking back\\nthat it’s easy to leave out details because at the moment it’s so profound you\\ncan’t imagine forgetting the nuances of a situation, place or person I’ve met.\\n\\nAnd when it comes to touching on hard topics, I prefer openness and\\nauthenticity, and know that glossing over issues is not a solution.I also\\nrespect others and want to extend some grace. So sometimes I refer to issues\\nas a situation with so-and-so, with some other hints. That said, I do highly\\nrecommend journaling for writing practice and mental processing, and the\\ncontents of a journal truly do serve as good memory triggers later.\\n\\nI just experienced this preparing to speak about and preview a book called\\n\\\"Emotionally Healthy Spirituality\\\" that I had read. My journal entries about\\nthe book were quite useful in my presentation prep work.\\n\\nThanks for the post!\\n\\nLog in to Reply ↓\\n\\n 2. Linda Joy Myers September 1, 2010 at 5:11 am\\n\\nI had an experience with contextual memory. A few decades ago, before my\\nchildhood was processed through therapy and writing, I visited my home town.\\nAs I drove toward it, the landscape of red dirt and wheat triggered waves of\\ndeep recognition in my body. Then, as I approached the town, the wheat mills,\\nthe familiar layout of the streets, and the Great Plains wind kicked up movies\\nin my head. On and on this went, bits of memory, details of grade school,\\nfriends’ faces loomed before me. Music, bits of dialogue that people had said\\n15 years earlier floated by. It was strange, as if my cells had been stamped\\nwith these memories. I learned later as a writer to visit the places of\\nmemory, and while I was there, to write and write as fast as I could. We need\\nto be unleashed in the first draft. Thank you for the post! I’ll be following\\nher blog in the future. And,I’m looking forward to our NAMW roundtable on\\nSept. 2! –Linda Joy\\n\\nLog in to Reply ↓\\n\\n 3. Alex Wilson August 31, 2010 at 7:44 pm\\n\\nWhen I was about 50 — I’m 72 now — I realized that the family history ended\\nwith me unless I wrote some of it down. I am an only child and my grandparents\\nand parents died early. My raison d’etre was to pass on information to the\\nfour grandchildren who, at the time, were infants. It was a chathartic\\nexperience and I recommend it to anyone unless they had a traumatic childhood\\nbetter left unremembered.\\n\\nLog in to Reply ↓\\n\\n 4. Christine Macdonald August 31, 2010 at 6:39 pm\\n\\nThank you for this post. I am so thankful to have photographs and old journals\\nto refer to as I work on my manuscript.\\n\\n\\\"An honest memoir is an unforgettable memoir.\\\" Here here!\\n\\nChristine\\n\\nLog in to Reply ↓\\n\\n 5. Sandy August 31, 2010 at 2:22 pm\\n\\nI write fiction, but I found this post very interesting. Thanks a bunch.\\n\\nLog in to Reply ↓\\n\\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\\n\\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\\n\\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\\nprocessed.\\n\\n### WD Annual Conference\\n\\nREGISTER\\n\\n## Join us in NYC for #WDC19!\\n\\nThe Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance\\nyour writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to\\nimprove your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a\\nsustainable career. Join us in NYC from August 22-25!\\n\\nRegister Today!\\n\\n### Online Boot Camp\\n\\nREGISTER\\n\\n## How to Craft Query Letters & Other Submission Materials That Get Noticed\\nBoot Camp\\n\\nAttendees will learn how to write a dynamite query letter, tackle a one-page\\nsynopsis (for fiction) and a book proposal (for nonfiction). The instructing\\nliterary agents will also explain the importance of author platform in\\naddition to basic etiquette in dealing with an agent and manuscript basics.\\n\\nCheck out more courses from WD University\\n\\n### November/December 2019 Issue\\n\\n## Writer's Digest Magazine\\n\\n * Preview the Issue\\n * Buy It Here\\n * Give a Gift Subscription!\\n\\nSave 58%!\\n\\nSUBSCRIBE\\n\\n### Online Writing Workshops\\n\\n * 12 Weeks to a First Draft\\n * Character Development: Creating Memorable Characters\\n * Writing the Picture Book\\n * Copyediting Certification\\n * Short Story Fundamentals\\n * Form and Composition\\n * Write Great Dialogue\\n\\nView All Online Writing Workshops\\n\\n### WD Forum\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nWRITER'S DIGEST: About Us | Meet Us | Write For Us | Advertise With Us\\n\\nMAGAZINES: Subscribe | Renew | Current Issue | Give a Gift Subscription |\\nWriter's Digest Back Issues COMPETITIONS & CONFERENCES: Competitions |\\nWriter's Digest Annual Conference | Novel Writing Conference ONLINE RESOURCES:\\nWritersMarket.com | WD University | Tutorials | Webinars | 2nd Draft Critiques\\n| ScriptMag.com BOOKS & MORE: Writer’s Digest Shop | The Writers Store\\n\\nCORPORATE: Active Interest Media | Become an Affiliate | Customer Service |\\nPrivacy Policy\\n\\n© Active Interest Media. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804155815/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html?_r=0\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Each week in Bookends, two writers take on questions about the world of books. This week, Zoë Heller and Mohsin Hamid discuss whether writers should stick to what they know.\",\n \"I was in grade school when I first encountered the adage about writing what you know. It concluded my teacher’s tactful comments on a story I had written about an 18th-century highwayman. Stung by her tepid response, I rejected the advice out of hand. How ludicrous, I thought. How limiting! What about science fiction? What about fantasy? What about any writing that travels beyond the borders of the author’s sex or race or age?\",\n \"Several decades on, the agony of my teacher’s criticism has somewhat abated, and I can see a little more of what she was driving at.\",\n \"The first mistake I made as a schoolgirl was to assume I was being asked to write exclusively about things that had happened to me. In fact, the injunction is only to know; the business of how you come by your knowledge is left quite open. You can mine your own life, yes. But you can also sympathetically observe other people’s experiences. You can read and research. And you can use your imagination. What good writers know about their subjects is usually drawn from some combination of these sources. The problem with my highwayman story, it seems safe to say, was that I had drawn on none of them. It didn’t necessarily matter that I had never robbed a stagecoach. But it did matter that I had not troubled myself to find out, or even partially imagine, anything about what robbing a stagecoach might entail.\",\n \"The other, subtler error I made — and continued to make for a long time afterward — was to suppose that translating experiential knowledge into fiction was a simple, straightforward, even banal business. For most writers, it actually takes a lot of hard work and many false starts before they are in a position to extract what is most valuable and interesting from their autobiographies.\",\n \"In “The Enigma of Arrival,” V. S. Naipaul describes the momentous journey he made shortly before his 18th birthday, from Trinidad to England. The long voyage — Port of Spain to Puerto Rico to New York by air; New York to Southampton by ship — seemed to present rich material for his writing, and he eagerly wrote down his observations in a special writer’s diary. But years later when he came to examine this document, he saw that he had excised all the most interesting elements of what he had seen and felt, deeming them insufficiently literary — out of keeping with the “elegant, knowing, unsurprised” writer’s personality he wished to assume. The family farewell at the airport in Port of Spain; the cousin who took him aside to tell him confidentially that he should sit at the back of the plane because it was safer there; the squabble on board the ship, when a black man was assigned to his cabin and complained that they were being lumped together because they were both “colored” — all of these scenes were absent, as was any acknowledgment of his loneliness, his panic, the “rawness” of his nerves. What he had recorded instead were those incidents and bits of dialogue that seemed to confirm an idea of the grown-up world he had gathered from books and films. “So that, though traveling to write, concentrating on my experience, eager for experience, I was shutting myself off from it, editing it out of my memory.”\",\n \"Most writers have, for reasons of diffidence, or snobbery, or fear of exposure, done the same thing at some point in their writing lives — unconsciously censored themselves and thrown out the wheat, mistaking it for nonliterary chaff. In this sense, the reminder to write what you know — what you really know, as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized version of what you know — continues to be pertinent advice, not just for 11-year-old schoolgirls, but for writers of any age.\",\n \"Zoë Heller is the author of three novels: “Everything You Know”; “Notes on a Scandal,” which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film; and “The Believers.” She has written feature articles and criticism for a wide range of publications, including The New Yorker, The New Republic and The New York Review of Books.\",\n \"I’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is being beheaded.\",\n \"Writers, especially younger writers, often hear the exhortation “Write what you know.” This is understandable. Some of the best fiction ever written seems to have followed that advice.\",\n \"Take Kenzaburo Oe’s novel “A Personal Matter.” Published in 1964, it recounts the tale of a man whose son is born with what appears to be a brain hernia; our hero’s life crumbles; he considers killing his child. In 1963, Oe’s own son was born with brain damage. So Oe does indeed seem to have written what he knew — to devastating effect. I first read the novel almost 20 years ago, and I’ve been unable to forget it. Its honesty and humanity are staggering. It has affected my own experience of being a father, demythologizing fatherhood while making the ordinary more precious.\",\n \"Olaf Stapledon’s “Star Maker,” on the other hand, seems surely to be a case of writing what you don’t know. There is no record of Stapledon leaving the earth, traveling through space as a disembodied consciousness, encountering and melding with other life-forms and civilizations and eventually with the stars and with the universe itself. Yet that is precisely what our protagonist does in this 1937 novel, among the greatest pieces of science fiction ever written. Stapledon reaches for, and seems to touch, something that is, for lack of a better word, divine. His is a spectacular imaginative and empathetic achievement.\",\n \"It may be that the DNA of fiction is, like our own DNA, a double helix, a two- stranded beast. One strand is born of what writers have experienced. The other is born of what writers wish to experience, of the impulse towritein order to know.\",\n \"Fiction comes into existence when these two strands are knitted together. “A Personal Matter” differs in key elements from Oe’s own life: in its ending, for example, when we learn something about the baby’s condition that shifts our sense of what we have previously read. And “Star Maker,” an epic about the possibility for finding union at the edge of universal conflict, cannot but have sprung from Stapledon’s own experience of being in Europe after the First World War and on the eve of the Second.\",\n \"In my own writing, I am aware of combining both strands. When asked, I usually say I don’t do much research for my fiction, I just live my life. (Which led to someone at a lecture I gave in Karachi last year inquiring, “How did you write all those drug scenes in ‘Moth Smoke,’ then?” My response: “Umm. . . . “)\",\n \"But I also write about things I haven’t experienced. I’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is being beheaded. I write these things because I want to transcend my experiences. I want to go beyond myself. Writing isn’t just my mirror, it’s my astral projection device. I suspect it’s like that for most of us.\",\n \"In the end, what we know isn’t a static commodity. It changes from being written about. Storytelling alters the storyteller. And a story is altered by being told.\",\n \"A human self is made up of stories. These stories are rooted partly in experience, and partly in fantasy. The power of fiction lies in its capacity to gaze upon this odd circumstance of our existence, to allow us to play with the conundrum that we are making ourselves up as we go along.\",\n \"Our bodies are complex biological machines. As long as they live, they create a story about themselves in order to function. We call this story the self. We believe in the reality of the story. We believe the story controls the machine. Yet we are constantly reminded that things are not so simple. We do things not in keeping with our stories, sometimes horrible things. And when we do, we say, “I wasn’t myself.”\",\n \"Writing is a chance for the stories that are us to come to terms with their innate fiction. So write what you know. But also know you are being written.\",\n \"Mohsin Hamid is the author of three novels: “Moth Smoke,” a finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award; “The Reluctant Fundamentalist,” a New York Times best seller that was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film; and, most recently, “How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia.”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché? - The New York Times\\n\\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\\n\\nBook Review\\n\\nToday’s Paper\\n\\nBook Review|‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?\\n\\nhttps://nyti.ms/1oZU8T2\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nSupported by\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\nBookends\\n\\n# ‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?\\n\\nBy Zoe Heller and Mohsin Hamid\\n\\n * March 25, 2014\\n\\nEach week in Bookends, two writers take on questions about the world of books.\\nThis week, Zoë Heller and Mohsin Hamid discuss whether writers should stick to\\nwhat they know.\\n\\nBy Zoë Heller\\n\\nYou should write what you really know — as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized\\nversion of what you know.\\n\\nI was in grade school when I first encountered the adage about writing what\\nyou know. It concluded my teacher’s tactful comments on a story I had written\\nabout an 18th-century highwayman. Stung by her tepid response, I rejected the\\nadvice out of hand. How ludicrous, I thought. How limiting! What about science\\nfiction? What about fantasy? What about any writing that travels beyond the\\nborders of the author’s sex or race or age?\\n\\nImage\\n\\nZoë HellerCredit...Illustration by R. Kikuo Johnson\\n\\nSeveral decades on, the agony of my teacher’s criticism has somewhat abated,\\nand I can see a little more of what she was driving at.\\n\\nThe first mistake I made as a schoolgirl was to assume I was being asked to\\nwrite exclusively about things that had happened to me. In fact, the\\ninjunction is only to know; the business of how you come by your knowledge is\\nleft quite open. You can mine your own life, yes. But you can also\\nsympathetically observe other people’s experiences. You can read and research.\\nAnd you can use your imagination. What good writers know about their subjects\\nis usually drawn from some combination of these sources. The problem with my\\nhighwayman story, it seems safe to say, was that I had drawn on none of them.\\nIt didn’t necessarily matter that I had never robbed a stagecoach. But it did\\nmatter that I had not troubled myself to find out, or even partially imagine,\\nanything about what robbing a stagecoach might entail.\\n\\nThe other, subtler error I made — and continued to make for a long time\\nafterward — was to suppose that translating experiential knowledge into\\nfiction was a simple, straightforward, even banal business. For most writers,\\nit actually takes a lot of hard work and many false starts before they are in\\na position to extract what is most valuable and interesting from their\\nautobiographies.\\n\\nIn “The Enigma of Arrival,” V. S. Naipaul describes the momentous journey he\\nmade shortly before his 18th birthday, from Trinidad to England. The long\\nvoyage — Port of Spain to Puerto Rico to New York by air; New York to\\nSouthampton by ship — seemed to present rich material for his writing, and he\\neagerly wrote down his observations in a special writer’s diary. But years\\nlater when he came to examine this document, he saw that he had excised all\\nthe most interesting elements of what he had seen and felt, deeming them\\ninsufficiently literary — out of keeping with the “elegant, knowing,\\nunsurprised” writer’s personality he wished to assume. The family farewell at\\nthe airport in Port of Spain; the cousin who took him aside to tell him\\nconfidentially that he should sit at the back of the plane because it was\\nsafer there; the squabble on board the ship, when a black man was assigned to\\nhis cabin and complained that they were being lumped together because they\\nwere both “colored” — all of these scenes were absent, as was any\\nacknowledgment of his loneliness, his panic, the “rawness” of his nerves. What\\nhe had recorded instead were those incidents and bits of dialogue that seemed\\nto confirm an idea of the grown-up world he had gathered from books and films.\\n“So that, though traveling to write, concentrating on my experience, eager for\\nexperience, I was shutting myself off from it, editing it out of my memory.”\\n\\nMost writers have, for reasons of diffidence, or snobbery, or fear of\\nexposure, done the same thing at some point in their writing lives —\\nunconsciously censored themselves and thrown out the wheat, mistaking it for\\nnonliterary chaff. In this sense, the reminder to write what you know — what\\nyou really know, as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized version of what you know —\\ncontinues to be pertinent advice, not just for 11-year-old schoolgirls, but\\nfor writers of any age.\\n\\nZoë Heller is the author of three novels: “Everything You Know”; “Notes on a\\nScandal,” which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film;\\nand “The Believers.” She has written feature articles and criticism for a wide\\nrange of publications, including The New Yorker, The New Republic and The New\\nYork Review of Books.\\n\\n◆ ◆ ◆\\n\\nBy Mohsin Hamid\\n\\nI’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance\\nsystem, of a writer who is being beheaded.\\n\\nWriters, especially younger writers, often hear the exhortation “Write what\\nyou know.” This is understandable. Some of the best fiction ever written seems\\nto have followed that advice.\\n\\nImage\\n\\nMohsin HamidCredit...Illustration by R. Kikuo Johnson\\n\\nTake Kenzaburo Oe’s novel “A Personal Matter.” Published in 1964, it recounts\\nthe tale of a man whose son is born with what appears to be a brain hernia;\\nour hero’s life crumbles; he considers killing his child. In 1963, Oe’s own\\nson was born with brain damage. So Oe does indeed seem to have written what he\\nknew — to devastating effect. I first read the novel almost 20 years ago, and\\nI’ve been unable to forget it. Its honesty and humanity are staggering. It has\\naffected my own experience of being a father, demythologizing fatherhood while\\nmaking the ordinary more precious.\\n\\nOlaf Stapledon’s “Star Maker,” on the other hand, seems surely to be a case of\\nwriting what you don’t know. There is no record of Stapledon leaving the\\nearth, traveling through space as a disembodied consciousness, encountering\\nand melding with other life-forms and civilizations and eventually with the\\nstars and with the universe itself. Yet that is precisely what our protagonist\\ndoes in this 1937 novel, among the greatest pieces of science fiction ever\\nwritten. Stapledon reaches for, and seems to touch, something that is, for\\nlack of a better word, divine. His is a spectacular imaginative and empathetic\\nachievement.\\n\\nIt may be that the DNA of fiction is, like our own DNA, a double helix, a two-\\nstranded beast. One strand is born of what writers have experienced. The other\\nis born of what writers wish to experience, of the impulse towritein order to\\nknow.\\n\\nFiction comes into existence when these two strands are knitted together. “A\\nPersonal Matter” differs in key elements from Oe’s own life: in its ending,\\nfor example, when we learn something about the baby’s condition that shifts\\nour sense of what we have previously read. And “Star Maker,” an epic about the\\npossibility for finding union at the edge of universal conflict, cannot but\\nhave sprung from Stapledon’s own experience of being in Europe after the First\\nWorld War and on the eve of the Second.\\n\\nIn my own writing, I am aware of combining both strands. When asked, I usually\\nsay I don’t do much research for my fiction, I just live my life. (Which led\\nto someone at a lecture I gave in Karachi last year inquiring, “How did you\\nwrite all those drug scenes in ‘Moth Smoke,’ then?” My response: “Umm. . . .\\n“)\\n\\nBut I also write about things I haven’t experienced. I’ve written from the\\npoint of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is\\nbeing beheaded. I write these things because I want to transcend my\\nexperiences. I want to go beyond myself. Writing isn’t just my mirror, it’s my\\nastral projection device. I suspect it’s like that for most of us.\\n\\nIn the end, what we know isn’t a static commodity. It changes from being\\nwritten about. Storytelling alters the storyteller. And a story is altered by\\nbeing told.\\n\\nA human self is made up of stories. These stories are rooted partly in\\nexperience, and partly in fantasy. The power of fiction lies in its capacity\\nto gaze upon this odd circumstance of our existence, to allow us to play with\\nthe conundrum that we are making ourselves up as we go along.\\n\\nOur bodies are complex biological machines. As long as they live, they create\\na story about themselves in order to function. We call this story the self. We\\nbelieve in the reality of the story. We believe the story controls the\\nmachine. Yet we are constantly reminded that things are not so simple. We do\\nthings not in keeping with our stories, sometimes horrible things. And when we\\ndo, we say, “I wasn’t myself.”\\n\\nWriting is a chance for the stories that are us to come to terms with their\\ninnate fiction. So write what you know. But also know you are being written.\\n\\nMohsin Hamid is the author of three novels: “Moth Smoke,” a finalist for the\\nPEN/Hemingway Award; “The Reluctant Fundamentalist,” a New York Times best\\nseller that was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film;\\nand, most recently, “How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia.”\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nContinue reading the main story\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211204151915/http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Shakespeare's Sonnets\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.\",\n \"This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.\",\n \"SHall I compare thee to a Summers day? Thou art more louely and more temperate: Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie, And Sommers lease hath all too shorte a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heauen shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd, And euery faire from faire some-time declines, By chance,or natures changing course vntrim'd: But thy eternall Sommer shall not fade, Nor loose possession of that faire thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wandr'st in his shade, When in eternall lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long liues this,and this giues life to thee,\",\n \"This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song, And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as long As twenty days are now. Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.\\n2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:\",\n \"The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described.\\n3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,\",\n \"May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.\\n4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date:\",\n \"Legal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease is too short, and has an early termination (date).\",\n \"Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.\\n6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,\",\n \"his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days generally.\\n7. And every fair from fair sometime declines,\",\n \"All beautiful things (every fair) occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair). They all decline from perfection.\\n8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:\",\n \"By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature, which are not subject to control, nature's changing course untrimmed. untrimmed - this can refer to the ballast (trimming) on a ship which keeps it stable; or to a lack of ornament and decoration. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect.\\n9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,\",\n \"Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse.\\n10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,\",\n \"Nor shall it (your eternal summer) lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess. By metonymy we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty'.\\n11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,\",\n \"Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts. Shakespeare would have been familiar with this through Virgil's account of Aeneas' descent into the underworld in Aeneid Bk. VI.\\n12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,\",\n \"in eternal lines = in the undying lines of my verse. Perhaps with a reference to progeny, and lines of descent, but it seems that the procreation theme has already been abandoned. to time thou grow'st - you keep pace with time, you grow as time grows.\\n13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,\",\n \"For as long as humans live and breathe upon the earth, for as long as there are seeing eyes on the eart.\\n14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.\",\n \"That is how long these verses will live, celebrating you, and continually renewing your life. But one is left with a slight residual feeling that perhaps the youth's beauty will last no longer than a summer's day, despite the poet's proud boast.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Shakespeare's Sonnets\\n\\n# Sonnet XVIII\\n\\nShall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more\\ntemperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease\\nhath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And\\noften is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime\\ndeclines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal\\nsummer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall\\ndeath brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou\\ngrow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and\\nthis gives life to thee.\\n\\nThis is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it\\nwould be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so\\nmany of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of\\nverse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not;\\nand the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It\\nis noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will\\nlive as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later\\nhe apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to\\nencompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his\\nlove, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is\\npreserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious\\nlevel of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found\\nto be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes\\ntoo dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that\\n'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm,\\nsunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has\\nbeen wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.\\n\\n## The 1609 Quarto Version\\n\\nSHall I compare thee to a Summers day? Thou art more louely and more\\ntemperate: Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie, And Sommers lease\\nhath all too shorte a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heauen shines, And\\noften is his gold complexion dimm'd, And euery faire from faire some-time\\ndeclines, By chance,or natures changing course vntrim'd: But thy eternall\\nSommer shall not fade, Nor loose possession of that faire thou ow'st, Nor\\nshall death brag thou wandr'st in his shade, When in eternall lines to time\\nthou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long liues\\nthis,and this giues life to thee,\\n\\n## Commentary\\n\\n1\\\\. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?\\n\\n This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song, And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as long As twenty days are now. Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.\\n2\\\\. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:\\n\\n The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described.\\n3\\\\. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,\\n\\n May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.\\n4\\\\. And summer's lease hath all too short a date:\\n\\n \\n\\nLegal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease\\nis too short, and has an early termination (date).\\n\\n5\\\\. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,\\n\\n Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.\\n6\\\\. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,\\n\\n his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days generally.\\n7\\\\. And every fair from fair sometime declines,\\n\\n All beautiful things (every fair) occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair). They all decline from perfection.\\n8\\\\. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:\\n\\n By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature, which are not subject to control, nature's changing course untrimmed. untrimmed - this can refer to the ballast (trimming) on a ship which keeps it stable; or to a lack of ornament and decoration. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect.\\n9\\\\. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,\\n\\n Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse.\\n10\\\\. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,\\n\\n Nor shall it (your eternal summer) lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess. By metonymy we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty'.\\n11\\\\. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,\\n\\n Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts. Shakespeare would have been familiar with this through Virgil's account of Aeneas' descent into the underworld in Aeneid Bk. VI.\\n12\\\\. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,\\n\\n in eternal lines = in the undying lines of my verse. Perhaps with a reference to progeny, and lines of descent, but it seems that the procreation theme has already been abandoned. to time thou grow'st - you keep pace with time, you grow as time grows.\\n13\\\\. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,\\n\\n For as long as humans live and breathe upon the earth, for as long as there are seeing eyes on the eart.\\n14\\\\. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.\\n\\n \\n\\nThat is how long these verses will live, celebrating you, and continually\\nrenewing your life. But one is left with a slight residual feeling that\\nperhaps the youth's beauty will last no longer than a summer's day, despite\\nthe poet's proud boast.\\n\\nCopyright 2001-2014 © of this site belongs to Oxquarry Books Ltd\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416145422/http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms?category=forms-and-types\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Glossary of Poetic Terms : Learning Lab : The Poetry Foundation\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Acrostic A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word, name, or phrase when read vertically. See Lewis Carroll’s “A Boat beneath a Sunny Sky.”\",\n \"Alexandrine In English, a 12-syllable iambic line adapted from French heroic verse. The last line of each stanza in Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the Twain” and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “To a Skylark” is an alexandrine.\",\n \"Anagram A word spelled out by rearranging the letters of another word; for example, “The teacher gapes at the mounds of exam pages lying before her.”\",\n \"Ars Poetica A poem that explains the “art of poetry,” or a meditation on poetry using the form and techniques of a poem. Horace’s Ars Poetica is an early example, and the foundation for the tradition. While Horace writes of the importance of delighting and instructing audiences, modernist ars poetica poets argue that poems should be written for their own sake, as art for the sake of art. Archibald MacLeish’s famous “Ars Poetica” sums up the argument: “A poem should not mean / But be.” See also Alexander Pope’s “An Essay on Criticism,” William Wordsworth’s Prelude, and Wallace Stevens’s “Of Modern Poetry.”\",\n \"Aubade A love poem or song welcoming or lamenting the arrival of the dawn. The form originated in medieval France. See John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” and Louise Bogan’s “Leave-Taking.” Browse more aubade poems.\",\n \"Ballad A popular narrative song passed down orally. In the English tradition, it usually follows a form of rhymed (abcb) quatrains alternating four-stress and three-stress lines. Folk (or traditional) ballads are anonymous and recount tragic, comic, or heroic stories with emphasis on a central dramatic event; examples include “Barbara Allen” and “John Henry.” Beginning in the Renaissance, poets have adapted the conventions of the folk ballad for their own original compositions. Examples of this “literary” ballad form include John Keats’s “La Belle Dame sans Merci,” Thomas Hardy’s “During Wind and Rain,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “Annabel Lee.” Browse more ballads.\",\n \"Ballade An Old French verse form that usually consists of three eight-line stanzas and a four-line envoy, with a rhyme scheme of ababbcbc bcbc. The last line of the first stanza is repeated at the end of subsequent stanzas and the envoy. See Hilaire Belloc’s “Ballade of Modest Confession” and Algernon Charles Swinburne’s translation of François Villon’s “Ballade des Pendus” (Ballade of the Hanged).\",\n \"Canto A long subsection of an epic or long narrative poem, such as Dante Alighieri’s Commedia (The Divine Comedy), first employed in English by Edmund Spenser in The Faerie Queene. Other examples include Lord Byron’s Don Juan and Ezra Pound’s Cantos.\",\n \"Canzone Literally “song” in Italian, the canzone is a lyric poem originating in medieval Italy and France and usually consisting of hendecasyllabic lines with end-rhyme. The canzone influenced the development of the sonnet.\",\n \"Carol A hymn or poem often sung by a group, with an individual taking the changing stanzas and the group taking the burden or refrain. See Robert Southwell’s “The Burning Babe”. Many traditional Christmas songs are carols, such as “I Saw Three Ships” and “The Twelve Days of Christmas.”\",\n \"Concrete poetry Verse that emphasizes nonlinguistic elements in its meaning, such as a typeface that creates a visual image of the topic. Examples include George Herbert’s “Easter Wings” and “The Altar” and George Starbuck’s “Poem in the Shape of a Potted Christmas Tree”. Browse more concrete poems.\",\n \"Couplet A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. A couplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a sentence (see Dorothy Parker’s “Interview”: “The ladies men admire, I’ve heard, /Would shudder at a wicked word.”). The “heroic couplet” is written in iambic pentameter and features prominently in the work of 17th- and 18th- century didactic and satirical poets such as Alexander Pope: “Some have at first for wits, then poets pass’d, /Turn’d critics next, and proved plain fools at last.” Browse more couplet poems.\",\n \"Didactic poetry Poetry that instructs, either in terms of morals or by providing knowledge of philosophy, religion, arts, science, or skills. Although some poets believe that all poetry is inherently instructional, didactic poetry separately refers to poems that contain a clear moral or message or purpose to convey to its readers. John Milton's epic Paradise Lost and Alexander Pope's An Essay on Man are famous examples. See also William Blake’s “A Divine Image,” Rudyard Kipling’s “If—,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam.”\",\n \"Dirge A brief hymn or song of lamentation and grief; it was typically composed to be performed at a funeral. In lyric poetry, a dirge tends to be shorter and less meditative than an elegy. See Christina Rossetti’s “A Dirge” and Sir Philip Sidney’s “Ring Out Your Bells.”\",\n \"Doggerel Bad verse traditionally characterized by clichés, clumsiness, and irregular meter. It is often unintentionally humorous. The “giftedly bad” William McGonagall was an accomplished doggerelist, as demonstrated in “The Tay Bridge Disaster”:\",\n \"It must have been an awful sight, To witness in the dusky moonlight, While the Storm Fiend did laugh, and angry did bray, Along the Railway Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, Oh! ill-fated Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, I must now conclude my lay By telling the world fearlessly without the least dismay, That your central girders would not have given way, At least many sensible men do say, Had they been supported on each side with buttresses, At least many sensible men confesses, For the stronger we our houses do build, The less chance we have of being killed.\",\n \"Dramatic monologue A poem in which an imagined speaker addresses a silent listener, usually not the reader. Examples include Robert Browning’s “My Last Duchess,” T.S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” and Ai’s “Killing Floor.” A lyric may also be addressed to someone, but it is short and songlike and may appear to address either the reader or the poet. Browse more dramatic monologue poems.\",\n \"Eclogue A brief, dramatic pastoral poem, set in an idyllic rural place but discussing urban, legal, political, or social issues. Bucolics and idylls, like eclogues, are pastoral poems, but in nondramatic form. See Edmund Spenser’s “Shepheardes Calendar: April,” Andrew Marvell’s “Nymph Complaining for the Death of Her Fawn,” and John Crowe Ransom’s “Eclogue.”\",\n \"Elegy In traditional English poetry, it is often a melancholy poem that laments its subject’s death but ends in consolation. Examples include John Milton’s “Lycidas”; Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam”; and Walt Whitman’s “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd.” More recently, Peter Sacks has elegized his father in “Natal Command,” and Mary Jo Bang has written “You Were You Are Elegy” and other poems for her son. In the 18th century the “elegiac stanza” emerged, though its use has not been exclusive to elegies. It is a quatrain with the rhyme scheme ABAB written in iambic pentameter. Browse more elegies.\",\n \"Envoi (or Envoy) The brief stanza that ends French poetic forms such as the ballade or sestina. It usually serves as a summation or a dedication to a particular person. See Hilaire Belloc’s satirical “Ballade of Modest Confession.”\",\n \"Epic A long narrative poem in which a heroic protagonist engages in an action of great mythic or historical significance. Notable English epics include Beowulf, Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (which follows the virtuous exploits of 12 knights in the service of the mythical King Arthur), and John Milton’s Paradise Lost, which dramatizes Satan’s fall from Heaven and humankind’s subsequent alienation from God in the Garden of Eden. Browse more epics.\",\n \"Epigram A pithy, often witty, poem. See Walter Savage Landor’s “Dirce,” Ben Jonson’s “On Gut,” or much of the work of J.V. Cunningham:\",\n \"Epistle A letter in verse, usually addressed to a person close to the writer. Its themes may be moral and philosophical, or intimate and sentimental. Alexander Pope favored the form; see his “Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,” in which the poet addresses a physician in his social circle. The epistle peaked in popularity in the 18th century, though Lord Byron and Robert Browning composed several in the next century; see Byron’s “Epistle to Augusta.” Less formal, more conversational versions of the epistle can be found in contemporary lyric poetry; see Hayden Carruth’s “The Afterlife: Letter to Sam Hamill” or “Dear Mr. Fanelli” by Charles Bernstein. Browse more epistles.\",\n \"Epitaph A short poem intended for (or imagined as) an inscription on a tombstone and often serving as a brief elegy. See Robert Herrick’s “Upon a Child That Died” and “Upon Ben Jonson”; Ben Jonson’s “Epitaph on Elizabeth, L. H.”; and “Epitaph for a Romantic Woman” by Louise Bogan.\",\n \"Epithalamion A lyric poem in praise of Hymen (the Greek god of marriage), an epithalamion often blesses a wedding and in modern times is often read at the wedding ceremony or reception. See Edmund Spenser’s “Epithalamion.” Browse more epithalamions.\",\n \"Fixed and unfixed forms Poems that have a set number of lines, rhymes, and/or metrical arrangements per line. Browse all terms related to forms, including alcaics, alexandrine, aubade, ballad, ballade, carol, concrete poetry, double dactyl, dramatic monologue, eclogue, elegy, epic, epistle, epithalamion, free verse, haiku, heroic couplet, limerick, madrigal, mock epic, ode, ottava rima, pastoral, quatrain, renga, rondeau, rondel, sestina, sonnet, Spenserian stanza, tanka, tercet, terza rima, and villanelle.\",\n \"Found poem A prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines. Fragments of found poetry may appear within an original poem as well. Portions of Ezra Pound’s Cantos are found poetry, culled from historical letters and government documents. Charles Olson created his poem “There Was a Youth whose Name Was Thomas Granger” using a report from William Bradford’s History of Plymouth Plantation.\",\n \"Fourteener A metrical line of 14 syllables (usually seven iambic feet). A relatively long line, it can be found in narrative poetry from the Middle Ages through the 16th century. Fourteener couplets broken into quatrains are known as common measure or ballad meter. See also Poulter’s measure.\",\n \"Free verse Nonmetrical, nonrhyming lines that closely follow the natural rhythms of speech. A regular pattern of sound or rhythm may emerge in free- verse lines, but the poet does not adhere to a metrical plan in their composition. Matthew Arnold and Walt Whitman explored the possibilities of nonmetrical poetry in the 19th century. Since the early 20th century, the majority of published lyric poetry has been written in free verse. See the work of William Carlos Williams, T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and H.D. Browse more free-verse poems.\",\n \"Genre A class or category of texts with similarities in form, style, or subject matter. The definition of a genre changes over time, and a text often interacts with multiple genres. A text’s relationship to a particular genre—whether it defies or supports a genre’s set of expectations—is often of interest when conducting literary analysis. Four major genres of literature include poetry, drama, nonfiction, and fiction. Poetry can be divided into further genres, such as epic, lyric, narrative, satirical, or prose poetry. For more examples of genres, browse poems by type.\",\n \"Georgic A poem or book dealing with agriculture or rural topics, which commonly glorifies outdoor labor and simple country life. Often takes the form of a didactic or instructive poem intended to give instructions related to a skill or art. The Roman poet Virgil famously wrote a collection of poems entitled Georgics, which has influenced poets since. Read a translated excerpt from Virgil's Georgics Book III or Book IV.\",\n \"Ghazal (Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with loss and romantic love, medieval Persian poets embraced the ghazal, eventually making it their own. Consisting of syntactically and grammatically complete couplets, the form also has an intricate rhyme scheme. Each couplet ends on the same word or phrase (the radif), and is preceded by the couplet’s rhyming word (the qafia, which appears twice in the first couplet). The last couplet includes a proper name, often of the poet’s. In the Persian tradition, each couplet was of the same meter and length, and the subject matter included both erotic longing and religious belief or mysticism. English-language poets who have composed in the form include Adrienne Rich, John Hollander, and Agha Shahid Ali; see Ali’s “Tonight” and Patricia Smith’s “Hip-Hop Ghazal.”\",\n \"Gnomic verse Poems laced with proverbs, aphorisms, or maxims. The term was first applied to Greek poets in the 6th century BCE and was practiced in medieval Germany and England. See excerpts from the Exeter Book. Robert Creeley explored the genre in his contemporary “Gnomic Verses.”\",\n \"Haiku (or hokku) A Japanese verse form of three unrhyming lines in five, seven, and five syllables. It creates a single, memorable image, as in these lines by Kobayashi Issa, translated by Jane Hirshfield:\",\n \"On a branch floating downriver a cricket, singing. (In translating from Japanese to English, Hirshfield compresses the number of syllables.)\",\n \"See also “Three Haiku, Two Tanka” by Philip Appleman and Robert Hass’s “After the Gentle Poet Kobayashi Issa.” The Imagist poets of the early 20th century, including Ezra Pound and H.D., showed appreciation for the form’s linguistic and sensory economy; Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro” embodies the spirit of haiku. Browse more haiku.\",\n \"Lament Any poem expressing deep grief, usually at the death of a loved one or some other loss. Related to elegy and the dirge. See “A Lament” by Percy Bysshe Shelley; Thom Gunn’s “Lament”; and Edna St. Vincent Millay’s “Lament.”\",\n \"Landays A form of folk poetry from Afghanistan. Meant to be recited or sung aloud, and frequently anonymous, the form is a couplet comprised of 22 syllables. The first line has 9 syllables and the second line 13 syllables. Landays end on “ma” or “na” sounds and treat themes such as love, grief, homeland, war, and separation. See Eliza Griswold’s extensive reporting on the form in the June 2013 issue of Poetry, in which she explains how the form was created by and for the more than 20 million Pashtun women who span the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan.\",\n \"Light verse Whimsical poems taking forms such as limericks, nonsense poems, and double dactyls. See Edward Lear’s “The Owl and the Pussy-Cat” and Lewis Carroll’s “The Walrus and the Carpenter.” Other masters of light verse include Dorothy Parker, G.K. Chesterton, John Hollander, and Wendy Cope.\",\n \"Limerick A fixed light-verse form of five generally anapestic lines rhyming AABBA. Edward Lear, who popularized the form, fused the third and fourth lines into a single line with internal rhyme. Limericks are traditionally bawdy or just irreverent; see “A Young Lady of Lynn” or Lear’s “There was an Old Man with a Beard.” Browse more limericks.\",\n \"Lyric Originally a composition meant for musical accompaniment. The term refers to a short poem in which the poet, the poet’s persona, or another speaker expresses personal feelings. See Robert Herrick’s “To Anthea, who May Command Him Anything,” John Clare’s “I Hid My Love,” Louise Bogan’s “Song for the Last Act,” or Louise Glück’s “Vita Nova.”\",\n \"Madrigal A song or short lyric poem intended for multiple singers. Originating in 14th-century Italy, it became popular in England in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. It has no fixed metrical requirements. See “Rosalind’s Madrigal” by Thomas Lodge.\",\n \"Mock epic A poem that plays with the conventions of the epic to comment on a topic satirically. In “Mac Flecknoe,” John Dryden wittily flaunts his mastery of the epic genre to cut down a literary rival. Alexander Pope’s “The Rape of the Lock” recasts a petty high-society scandal as a mythological battle for the virtue of an innocent.\",\n \"Occasional poem A poem written to describe or comment on a particular event and often written for a public reading. Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “The Charge of the Light Brigade” commemorates a disastrous battle in the Crimean War. George Starbuck wrote “Of Late” after reading a newspaper account of a Vietnam War protester’s suicide. Elizabeth Alexander’s “Praise Song for the Day” was written for the inauguration of President Barack Obama. See also elegy, epithalamion, and ode.\",\n \"Octave An eight-line stanza or poem. See ottava rima and triolet. The first eight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet are also called an octave.\",\n \"Ode A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that addresses and often celebrates a person, place, thing, or idea. Its stanza forms vary. The Greek or Pindaric (Pindar, ca. 552–442 B.C.E.) ode was a public poem, usually set to music, that celebrated athletic victories. (See Stephen Burt’s article “And the Winner Is . . . Pindar!”) English odes written in the Pindaric tradition include Thomas Gray’s “The Progress of Poesy: A Pindaric Ode” and William Wordsworth’s “Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Reflections of Early Childhood.” Horatian odes, after the Latin poet Horace (65–8 B.C.E.), were written in quatrains in a more philosophical, contemplative manner; see Andrew Marvell’s “Horatian Ode upon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland.” The Sapphic ode consists of quatrains, three 11-syllable lines, and a final five-syllable line, unrhyming but with a strict meter. See Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “Sapphics.”\",\n \"The odes of the English Romantic poets vary in stanza form. They often address an intense emotion at the onset of a personal crisis (see Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Dejection: An Ode,”) or celebrate an object or image that leads to revelation (see John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” “Ode to a Nightingale,” and “To Autumn”). Browse more odes.\",\n \"Ottava rima Originally an Italian stanza of eight 11-syllable lines, with a rhyme scheme of ABABABCC. Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced the form in English, and Lord Byron adapted it to a 10-syllable line for his mock-epic Don Juan. W.B. Yeats used it for “Among School Children” and “Sailing to Byzantium.” Browse more ottava rima poems.\",\n \"Palinode An ode or song that retracts or recants what the poet wrote in a previous poem. For instance, Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales ends with a retraction, in which he apologizes for the work’s “worldly vanitees” and sinful contents.\",\n \"Panegyric A poem of effusive praise. Its origins are Greek, and it is closely related to the eulogy and the ode. See Ben Jonson’s “To the Memory of My Beloved the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare” or Anne Bradstreet’s “In Honor of That High and Mighty Princess, Queen Elizabeth.”\",\n \"Pantoum A Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets and occasionally imitated in English. It comprises a series of quatrains, with the second and fourth lines of each quatrain repeated as the first and third lines of the next. The second and fourth lines of the final stanza repeat the first and third lines of the first stanza. See A.E. Stallings’s “Another Lullaby for Insomniacs.” Browse more pantoums.\",\n \"Pastoral Verse in the tradition of Theocritus (3 BCE), who wrote idealized accounts of shepherds and their loves living simple, virtuous lives in Arcadia, a mountainous region of Greece. Poets writing in English drew on the pastoral tradition by retreating from the trappings of modernity to the imagined virtues and romance of rural life, as in Edmund Spenser’s The Shepheardes Calendar, Christopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love,” and Sir Walter Ralegh’s response, “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.” The pastoral poem faded after the European Industrial Revolution of the 18th century, but its themes persist in poems that romanticize rural life or reappraise the natural world; see Leonie Adams’s “Country Summer,” Dylan Thomas’s “Fern Hill,” or Allen Ginsberg’s “Wales Visitation.” Browse more pastoral poems.\",\n \"Prose poem A prose composition that, while not broken into verse lines, demonstrates other traits such as symbols, metaphors, and other figures of speech common to poetry. See Amy Lowell’s “Bath,” “Metals Metals” by Russell Edson, “Information” by David Ignatow, and Harryette Mullen’s “[Kills bugs dead.]” Browse more prose poems.\",\n \"Quatrain A four-line stanza, rhyming -ABAC or ABCB (known as unbounded or ballad quatrain), as in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.” -AABB (a double couplet); see A.E. Housman’s “To an Athlete Dying Young.” -ABAB (known as interlaced, alternate, or heroic), as in Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” or “Sadie and Maud” by Gwendolyn Brooks. -ABBA (known as envelope or enclosed), as in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam” or John Ciardi’s “Most Like an Arch This Marriage.” -AABA, the stanza of Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.”\",\n \"Refrain A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at the end of a stanza. See the refrain “jump back, honey, jump back” in Paul Lawrence Dunbar’s “A Negro Love Song” or “return and return again” in James Laughlin’s “O Best of All Nights, Return and Return Again.” Browse poems with a refrain.\",\n \"Renga A Japanese form composed of a series of half-tanka written by different poets. The opening stanza is the basis of the modern haiku form.\",\n \"Rhyme royal (rime royale) A stanza of seven 10-syllable lines, rhyming ABABBCC, popularized by Geoffrey Chaucer and termed “royal” because his imitator, James I of Scotland, employed it in his own verse. In addition to Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, see Sir Thomas Wyatt’s “They flee from me” and William Wordsworth’s “Resolution and Independence.”\",\n \"Romance French in origin, a genre of long narrative poetry about medieval courtly culture and secret love. It triumphed in English with tales of chivalry such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Knight’s Tale” and Troilus and Criseyde.\",\n \"Rondeau Originating in France, a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of between 10 and 15 lines and three stanzas. It has only two rhymes, with the opening words used twice as an unrhyming refrain at the end of the second and third stanzas. The 10-line version rhymes ABBAABc ABBAc (where the lower-case “c” stands for the refrain). The 15-line version often rhymes AABBA AABc AABAc. Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Now welcome, summer” at the close of The Parlement of Fowls is an example of a 13-line rondeau.\",\n \"A rondeau redoublé consists of six quatrains using two rhymes. The first quatrain consists of four refrain lines that are used, in sequence, as the last lines of the next four quatrains, and a phrase from the first refrain is repeated as a tail at the end of the final stanza. See Dorothy Parker’s “Roudeau Redoublé (and Scarcely Worth the Trouble at That).”\",\n \"Rondel (roundel) A poetic form of 11 to 14 lines consisting of two rhymes and the repetition of the first two lines in the middle of the poem and at its end. Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Roundel” is 11 lines in two stanzas.\",\n \"Sestina A complex French verse form, usually unrhymed, consisting of six stanzas of six lines each and a three-line envoy. The end words of the first stanza are repeated in a different order as end words in each of the subsequent five stanzas; the closing envoy contains all six words, two per line, placed in the middle and at the end of the three lines. The patterns of word repetition are as follows, with each number representing the final word of a line, and each row of numbers representing a stanza:\",\n \"1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 6 4 1 2 5 5 3 2 6 1 4 4 5 1 3 6 2 2 4 6 5 3 1 (6 2) (1 4) (5 3)\",\n \"Sijo A Korean verse form related to haiku and tanka and comprised of three lines of 14-16 syllables each, for a total of 44-46 syllables. Each line contains a pause near the middle, similar to a caesura, though the break need not be metrical. The first half of the line contains six to nine syllables; the second half should contain no fewer than five. Originally intended as songs, sijo can treat romantic, metaphysical, or spiritual themes. Whatever the subject, the first line introduces an idea or story, the second supplies a “turn,” and the third provides closure. Modern sijo are sometimes printed in six lines.\",\n \"Slam A competitive poetry performance in which selected audience members score performers, and winners are determined by total points. Slam is a composite genre that combines elements of poetry, theater, performance, and storytelling. The genre’s origins can be traced to Chicago in the early 1980s. Since then, groups of volunteers have organized slams in venues across the world. The first National Poetry Slam was held in 1990, and has become an annual event in which teams from cities across the United States compete at events in a host city. For more on poetry slams, see Jeremy Richards’s series “Performing the Academy”. See also poets Tyehimba Jess, Bob Holman, and Patricia Smith.\",\n \"Sonnet A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy and brought to England by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, earl of Surrey in the 16th century. Literally a “little song,” the sonnet traditionally reflects upon a single sentiment, with a clarification or “turn” of thought in its concluding lines.\",\n \"The Petrarchan sonnet, perfected by the Italian poet Petrarch, divides the 14 lines into two sections: an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming ABBAABBA, and a six-line stanza (sestet) rhyming CDCDCD or CDEEDE. John Milton’s “When I Consider How my Light Is Spent” and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “How Do I Love Thee” employ this form.\",\n \"The Italian sonnet is an English variation on the traditional Petrarchan version. The octave’s rhyme scheme is preserved, but the sestet rhymes CDDCEE. See Thomas Wyatt’s “Whoso List to Hunt, I Know Where Is an Hind” and John Donne’s “If Poisonous Minerals, and If That Tree.”\",\n \"Wyatt and Surrey developed the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet, which condenses the 14 lines into one stanza of three quatrains and a concluding couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG (though poets have frequently varied this scheme; see Wilfred Owen’s “Anthem for Doomed Youth”). George Herbert’s “Love (II),” Claude McKay’s “America,” and Molly Peacock’s “Altruism” are English sonnets.\",\n \"-The caudate sonnet, which adds codas or tails to the 14-line poem. See Gerard Manley Hopkins’s “That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire.”\",\n \"-The curtal sonnet, a shortened version devised by Gerard Manley Hopkins that maintains the proportions of the Italian form, substituting two six-stress tercets for two quatrains in the octave (rhyming ABC ABC), and four and a half lines for the sestet (rhyming DEBDE), also six-stress except for the final three-stress line. See his poem “Pied Beauty.”\",\n \"-The sonnet redoublé, also known as a crown of sonnets, is composed of 15 sonnets that are linked by the repetition of the final line of one sonnet as the initial line of the next, and the final line of that sonnet as the initial line of the previous; the last sonnet consists of all the repeated lines of the previous 14 sonnets, in the same order in which they appeared. Marilyn Nelson’s A Wreath for Emmett Till is a contemporary example.\",\n \"-A sonnet sequence is a group of sonnets sharing the same subject matter and sometimes a dramatic situation and persona. See George Meredith’s Modern Love sequence, Sir Philip Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella, Rupert Brooke’s 1914 sequence, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese.\",\n \"-The Spenserian sonnet is a 14-line poem developed by Edmund Spenser in his Amoretti, that varies the English form by interlocking the three quatrains (ABAB BCBC CDCD EE).\",\n \"Spenserian stanza The unit of Edmund Spenser’s long poem The Faerie Queene, consisting of eight iambic-pentameter lines and a final alexandrine, with a rhyme scheme of ABABBCBCC. Later uses of this stanza form include John Keats’s “The Eve of St. Agnes,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Adonais,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s “The Lotos-Eaters.”\",\n \"Stanza A grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free verse, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in mood, time, or thought.\",\n \"Syllabic verse Poetry whose meter is determined by the total number of syllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Marianne Moore’s poetry is mostly syllabic. Other examples include Thomas Nashe’s “Adieu, farewell earth’s bliss” and Dylan Thomas’s “Poem in October.” Browse more poems in syllabic verse.\",\n \"Tanka A Japanese form of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables—31 in all. See Philip Appleman’s “Three Haiku, Two Tanka.” See also renga.\",\n \"Tercet A poetic unit of three lines, rhymed or unrhymed. Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the Twain” rhymes AAA BBB; Ben Jonson’s “On Spies” is a three- line poem rhyming AAA; and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” is written in terza rima form. Examples of poems in unrhymed tercets include Wallace Stevens’s “The Snow Man” and David Wagoner’s “For a Student Sleeping in a Poetry Workshop.”\",\n \"Terza rima An Italian stanzaic form, used most notably by Dante Alighieri in Commedia (The Divine Comedy), consisting of tercets with interwoven rhymes (ABA BCB DED EFE, and so on). A concluding couplet rhymes with the penultimate line of the last tercet. See Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,” Derek Walcott’s “The Bounty,” and Omeros, and Jacqueline Osherow’s “Autumn Psalm.”\",\n \"Triolet An eight-line stanza having just two rhymes and repeating the first line as the fourth and seventh lines, and the second line as the eighth. See Sandra McPherson’s “Triolet” or “Triolets in the Argolid” by Rachel Hadas.\",\n \"Verse As a mass noun, poetry in general; as a regular noun, a line of poetry. Typically used to refer to poetry that possesses more formal qualities.\",\n \"Verse paragraph A group of verse lines that make up a single rhetorical unit. In longer poems, the first line is often indented, like a paragraph in prose. The long narrative passages of John Milton’s Paradise Lost are verse paragraphs. The titled sections of Robert Pinsky’s “Essay on Psychiatrists” demarcate shifts in focus and argument much as prose paragraphs would. A shorter lyric poem, even when broken into stanzas, could be considered a single verse paragraph, insofar as it expresses a unified mood or thought; see Gail Mazur’s “Evening.”\",\n \"Villanelle A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a final quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating alternately in the following stanzas. These two refrain lines form the final couplet in the quatrain. See “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan Thomas, Elizabeth Bishop’s “One Art,” and Edwin Arlington Robinson’s “The House on the Hill.”\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Glossary of Poetic Terms : Learning Lab : The Poetry Foundation\\n\\nPoetry Foundation\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Visit\\n * Contact Us\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n * Poems & Poets\\n\\n * Browse Poems\\n * Browse Poets\\n * Seasonal Poems\\n * Features\\n\\n * Articles\\n * Audio & Podcasts\\n * Video\\n * Harriet: News & Community\\n * Resources\\n\\n * Learning Lab\\n * Children’s Poetry\\n * Young People's Poet Laureate\\n * POETRY Mobile App\\n * Poetry Tours\\n * Programs & Initiatives\\n\\n * Foundation Events\\n * Gallery Exhibitions\\n * Foundation Awards\\n * Foundation Library\\n * Harriet Monroe Poetry Institute\\n * Media Partnerships\\n * Poetry Out Loud\\n * Poetry magazine\\n\\n * * April 2016\\n\\nOcean Vuong, Dawn Lundy Martin, Jennifer Bartlett, Jan Beatty, Reginald Dwayne\\nBetts, Regie Cabico, and more.\\n\\n * Table of Contents\\n * Browse All Issues Back to 1912\\n * Subscribe to Poetry\\n * Submissions & Letters to the Editor\\n * Poetry Magazine Prizes\\n * Advertise with Us\\n\\nHome > Learning Lab > Glossary of Poetic Terms\\n\\n * Learning Lab\\n * Core Learning Poems\\n * Articles for Students & Teachers\\n * Essays on Poetic Theory\\n * Glossary of Poetic Terms\\n\\nPrint subscribers can now access the digital editions of Poetry!\\n\\nFind out more »\\n\\n# Glossary Terms\\n\\n * Share\\n * Print\\n\\n### Search The Glossary\\n\\nEnter your search terms above to search the glossary\\n\\n * * All Terms\\n * Forms & Types\\n * Rhythm & Meter\\n * Schools & Periods\\n * Techniques & Figures of Speech\\n * Theory & Criticism\\n\\nAcrostic A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word,\\nname, or phrase when read vertically. See Lewis Carroll’s “A Boat beneath a\\nSunny Sky.”\\n\\nAlexandrine In English, a 12-syllable iambic line adapted from French heroic\\nverse. The last line of each stanza in Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the\\nTwain” and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “To a Skylark” is an alexandrine.\\n\\nAnagram A word spelled out by rearranging the letters of another word; for\\nexample, “The teacher gapes at the mounds of exam pages lying before her.”\\n\\nArs Poetica A poem that explains the “art of poetry,” or a meditation on\\npoetry using the form and techniques of a poem. Horace’s Ars Poetica is an\\nearly example, and the foundation for the tradition. While Horace writes of\\nthe importance of delighting and instructing audiences, modernist ars poetica\\npoets argue that poems should be written for their own sake, as art for the\\nsake of art. Archibald MacLeish’s famous “Ars Poetica” sums up the argument:\\n“A poem should not mean / But be.” See also Alexander Pope’s “An Essay on\\nCriticism,” William Wordsworth’s Prelude, and Wallace Stevens’s “Of Modern\\nPoetry.”\\n\\nAubade A love poem or song welcoming or lamenting the arrival of the dawn. The\\nform originated in medieval France. See John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” and\\nLouise Bogan’s “Leave-Taking.” Browse more aubade poems.\\n\\nBallad A popular narrative song passed down orally. In the English tradition,\\nit usually follows a form of rhymed (abcb) quatrains alternating four-stress\\nand three-stress lines. Folk (or traditional) ballads are anonymous and\\nrecount tragic, comic, or heroic stories with emphasis on a central dramatic\\nevent; examples include “Barbara Allen” and “John Henry.” Beginning in the\\nRenaissance, poets have adapted the conventions of the folk ballad for their\\nown original compositions. Examples of this “literary” ballad form include\\nJohn Keats’s “La Belle Dame sans Merci,” Thomas Hardy’s “During Wind and\\nRain,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “Annabel Lee.” Browse more ballads.\\n\\nBallade An Old French verse form that usually consists of three eight-line\\nstanzas and a four-line envoy, with a rhyme scheme of ababbcbc bcbc. The last\\nline of the first stanza is repeated at the end of subsequent stanzas and the\\nenvoy. See Hilaire Belloc’s “Ballade of Modest Confession” and Algernon\\nCharles Swinburne’s translation of François Villon’s “Ballade des Pendus”\\n(Ballade of the Hanged).\\n\\nBucolic See pastoral poetry.\\n\\nCanto A long subsection of an epic or long narrative poem, such as Dante\\nAlighieri’s Commedia (The Divine Comedy), first employed in English by Edmund\\nSpenser in The Faerie Queene. Other examples include Lord Byron’s Don Juan and\\nEzra Pound’s Cantos.\\n\\nCanzone Literally “song” in Italian, the canzone is a lyric poem originating\\nin medieval Italy and France and usually consisting of hendecasyllabic lines\\nwith end-rhyme. The canzone influenced the development of the sonnet.\\n\\nCarol A hymn or poem often sung by a group, with an individual taking the\\nchanging stanzas and the group taking the burden or refrain. See Robert\\nSouthwell’s “The Burning Babe”. Many traditional Christmas songs are carols,\\nsuch as “I Saw Three Ships” and “The Twelve Days of Christmas.”\\n\\nConcrete poetry Verse that emphasizes nonlinguistic elements in its meaning,\\nsuch as a typeface that creates a visual image of the topic. Examples include\\nGeorge Herbert’s “Easter Wings” and “The Altar” and George Starbuck’s “Poem in\\nthe Shape of a Potted Christmas Tree”. Browse more concrete poems.\\n\\nCouplet A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. A\\ncouplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a\\nsentence (see Dorothy Parker’s “Interview”: “The ladies men admire, I’ve\\nheard, /Would shudder at a wicked word.”). The “heroic couplet” is written in\\niambic pentameter and features prominently in the work of 17th- and 18th-\\ncentury didactic and satirical poets such as Alexander Pope: “Some have at\\nfirst for wits, then poets pass’d, /Turn’d critics next, and proved plain\\nfools at last.” Browse more couplet poems.\\n\\nCurtal sonnet See Sonnet.\\n\\nDidactic poetry Poetry that instructs, either in terms of morals or by\\nproviding knowledge of philosophy, religion, arts, science, or skills.\\nAlthough some poets believe that all poetry is inherently instructional,\\ndidactic poetry separately refers to poems that contain a clear moral or\\nmessage or purpose to convey to its readers. John Milton's epic Paradise Lost\\nand Alexander Pope's An Essay on Man are famous examples. See also William\\nBlake’s “A Divine Image,” Rudyard Kipling’s “If—,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s\\n“In Memoriam.”\\n\\nDirge A brief hymn or song of lamentation and grief; it was typically composed\\nto be performed at a funeral. In lyric poetry, a dirge tends to be shorter and\\nless meditative than an elegy. See Christina Rossetti’s “A Dirge” and Sir\\nPhilip Sidney’s “Ring Out Your Bells.”\\n\\nDoggerel Bad verse traditionally characterized by clichés, clumsiness, and\\nirregular meter. It is often unintentionally humorous. The “giftedly bad”\\nWilliam McGonagall was an accomplished doggerelist, as demonstrated in “The\\nTay Bridge Disaster”:\\n\\nIt must have been an awful sight, To witness in the dusky moonlight, While the\\nStorm Fiend did laugh, and angry did bray, Along the Railway Bridge of the\\nSilv’ry Tay, Oh! ill-fated Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, I must now conclude my\\nlay By telling the world fearlessly without the least dismay, That your\\ncentral girders would not have given way, At least many sensible men do say,\\nHad they been supported on each side with buttresses, At least many sensible\\nmen confesses, For the stronger we our houses do build, The less chance we\\nhave of being killed.\\n\\nDramatic monologue A poem in which an imagined speaker addresses a silent\\nlistener, usually not the reader. Examples include Robert Browning’s “My Last\\nDuchess,” T.S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” and Ai’s\\n“Killing Floor.” A lyric may also be addressed to someone, but it is short and\\nsonglike and may appear to address either the reader or the poet. Browse more\\ndramatic monologue poems.\\n\\nEclogue A brief, dramatic pastoral poem, set in an idyllic rural place but\\ndiscussing urban, legal, political, or social issues. Bucolics and idylls,\\nlike eclogues, are pastoral poems, but in nondramatic form. See Edmund\\nSpenser’s “Shepheardes Calendar: April,” Andrew Marvell’s “Nymph Complaining\\nfor the Death of Her Fawn,” and John Crowe Ransom’s “Eclogue.”\\n\\nElegy In traditional English poetry, it is often a melancholy poem that\\nlaments its subject’s death but ends in consolation. Examples include John\\nMilton’s “Lycidas”; Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam”; and Walt Whitman’s\\n“When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd.” More recently, Peter Sacks has\\nelegized his father in “Natal Command,” and Mary Jo Bang has written “You Were\\nYou Are Elegy” and other poems for her son. In the 18th century the “elegiac\\nstanza” emerged, though its use has not been exclusive to elegies. It is a\\nquatrain with the rhyme scheme ABAB written in iambic pentameter. Browse more\\nelegies.\\n\\nEnvoi (or Envoy) The brief stanza that ends French poetic forms such as the\\nballade or sestina. It usually serves as a summation or a dedication to a\\nparticular person. See Hilaire Belloc’s satirical “Ballade of Modest\\nConfession.”\\n\\nEpic A long narrative poem in which a heroic protagonist engages in an action\\nof great mythic or historical significance. Notable English epics include\\nBeowulf, Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (which follows the virtuous\\nexploits of 12 knights in the service of the mythical King Arthur), and John\\nMilton’s Paradise Lost, which dramatizes Satan’s fall from Heaven and\\nhumankind’s subsequent alienation from God in the Garden of Eden. Browse more\\nepics.\\n\\nEpigram A pithy, often witty, poem. See Walter Savage Landor’s “Dirce,” Ben\\nJonson’s “On Gut,” or much of the work of J.V. Cunningham:\\n\\nThis Humanist whom no beliefs constrained Grew so broad-minded he was scatter-\\nbrained.\\n\\nBrowse more epigrams.\\n\\nEpistle A letter in verse, usually addressed to a person close to the writer.\\nIts themes may be moral and philosophical, or intimate and sentimental.\\nAlexander Pope favored the form; see his “Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,” in which\\nthe poet addresses a physician in his social circle. The epistle peaked in\\npopularity in the 18th century, though Lord Byron and Robert Browning composed\\nseveral in the next century; see Byron’s “Epistle to Augusta.” Less formal,\\nmore conversational versions of the epistle can be found in contemporary lyric\\npoetry; see Hayden Carruth’s “The Afterlife: Letter to Sam Hamill” or “Dear\\nMr. Fanelli” by Charles Bernstein. Browse more epistles.\\n\\nEpitaph A short poem intended for (or imagined as) an inscription on a\\ntombstone and often serving as a brief elegy. See Robert Herrick’s “Upon a\\nChild That Died” and “Upon Ben Jonson”; Ben Jonson’s “Epitaph on Elizabeth, L.\\nH.”; and “Epitaph for a Romantic Woman” by Louise Bogan.\\n\\nEpithalamion A lyric poem in praise of Hymen (the Greek god of marriage), an\\nepithalamion often blesses a wedding and in modern times is often read at the\\nwedding ceremony or reception. See Edmund Spenser’s “Epithalamion.” Browse\\nmore epithalamions.\\n\\nFixed and unfixed forms Poems that have a set number of lines, rhymes, and/or\\nmetrical arrangements per line. Browse all terms related to forms, including\\nalcaics, alexandrine, aubade, ballad, ballade, carol, concrete poetry, double\\ndactyl, dramatic monologue, eclogue, elegy, epic, epistle, epithalamion, free\\nverse, haiku, heroic couplet, limerick, madrigal, mock epic, ode, ottava rima,\\npastoral, quatrain, renga, rondeau, rondel, sestina, sonnet, Spenserian\\nstanza, tanka, tercet, terza rima, and villanelle.\\n\\nFound poem A prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines.\\nFragments of found poetry may appear within an original poem as well. Portions\\nof Ezra Pound’s Cantos are found poetry, culled from historical letters and\\ngovernment documents. Charles Olson created his poem “There Was a Youth whose\\nName Was Thomas Granger” using a report from William Bradford’s History of\\nPlymouth Plantation.\\n\\nFourteener A metrical line of 14 syllables (usually seven iambic feet). A\\nrelatively long line, it can be found in narrative poetry from the Middle Ages\\nthrough the 16th century. Fourteener couplets broken into quatrains are known\\nas common measure or ballad meter. See also Poulter’s measure.\\n\\nFree verse Nonmetrical, nonrhyming lines that closely follow the natural\\nrhythms of speech. A regular pattern of sound or rhythm may emerge in free-\\nverse lines, but the poet does not adhere to a metrical plan in their\\ncomposition. Matthew Arnold and Walt Whitman explored the possibilities of\\nnonmetrical poetry in the 19th century. Since the early 20th century, the\\nmajority of published lyric poetry has been written in free verse. See the\\nwork of William Carlos Williams, T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and H.D. Browse more\\nfree-verse poems.\\n\\nGenre A class or category of texts with similarities in form, style, or\\nsubject matter. The definition of a genre changes over time, and a text often\\ninteracts with multiple genres. A text’s relationship to a particular\\ngenre—whether it defies or supports a genre’s set of expectations—is often of\\ninterest when conducting literary analysis. Four major genres of literature\\ninclude poetry, drama, nonfiction, and fiction. Poetry can be divided into\\nfurther genres, such as epic, lyric, narrative, satirical, or prose poetry.\\nFor more examples of genres, browse poems by type.\\n\\nGeorgic A poem or book dealing with agriculture or rural topics, which\\ncommonly glorifies outdoor labor and simple country life. Often takes the form\\nof a didactic or instructive poem intended to give instructions related to a\\nskill or art. The Roman poet Virgil famously wrote a collection of poems\\nentitled Georgics, which has influenced poets since. Read a translated excerpt\\nfrom Virgil's Georgics Book III or Book IV.\\n\\nGhazal (Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with\\nloss and romantic love, medieval Persian poets embraced the ghazal, eventually\\nmaking it their own. Consisting of syntactically and grammatically complete\\ncouplets, the form also has an intricate rhyme scheme. Each couplet ends on\\nthe same word or phrase (the radif), and is preceded by the couplet’s rhyming\\nword (the qafia, which appears twice in the first couplet). The last couplet\\nincludes a proper name, often of the poet’s. In the Persian tradition, each\\ncouplet was of the same meter and length, and the subject matter included both\\nerotic longing and religious belief or mysticism. English-language poets who\\nhave composed in the form include Adrienne Rich, John Hollander, and Agha\\nShahid Ali; see Ali’s “Tonight” and Patricia Smith’s “Hip-Hop Ghazal.”\\n\\nBrowse more ghazal poems.\\n\\nGnomic verse Poems laced with proverbs, aphorisms, or maxims. The term was\\nfirst applied to Greek poets in the 6th century BCE and was practiced in\\nmedieval Germany and England. See excerpts from the Exeter Book. Robert\\nCreeley explored the genre in his contemporary “Gnomic Verses.”\\n\\nHaiku (or hokku) A Japanese verse form of three unrhyming lines in five,\\nseven, and five syllables. It creates a single, memorable image, as in these\\nlines by Kobayashi Issa, translated by Jane Hirshfield:\\n\\nOn a branch floating downriver a cricket, singing. (In translating from\\nJapanese to English, Hirshfield compresses the number of syllables.)\\n\\nSee also “Three Haiku, Two Tanka” by Philip Appleman and Robert Hass’s “After\\nthe Gentle Poet Kobayashi Issa.” The Imagist poets of the early 20th century,\\nincluding Ezra Pound and H.D., showed appreciation for the form’s linguistic\\nand sensory economy; Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro” embodies the spirit\\nof haiku. Browse more haiku.\\n\\nHeroic couplet See couplet.\\n\\nHoratian ode See ode.\\n\\nHymn A poem praising God or the divine, often sung. In English, the most\\npopular hymns were written between the 17th and 19th centuries. See Isaac\\nWatts’s “Our God, Our Help,” Charles Wesley’s “My God! I Know, I Feel Thee\\nMine,” and “Thou Hidden Love of God” by John Wesley.\\n\\nItalian sonnet See Sonnet.\\n\\nLament Any poem expressing deep grief, usually at the death of a loved one or\\nsome other loss. Related to elegy and the dirge. See “A Lament” by Percy\\nBysshe Shelley; Thom Gunn’s “Lament”; and Edna St. Vincent Millay’s “Lament.”\\n\\nLandays A form of folk poetry from Afghanistan. Meant to be recited or sung\\naloud, and frequently anonymous, the form is a couplet comprised of 22\\nsyllables. The first line has 9 syllables and the second line 13 syllables.\\nLandays end on “ma” or “na” sounds and treat themes such as love, grief,\\nhomeland, war, and separation. See Eliza Griswold’s extensive reporting on the\\nform in the June 2013 issue of Poetry, in which she explains how the form was\\ncreated by and for the more than 20 million Pashtun women who span the border\\nbetween Afghanistan and Pakistan.\\n\\nLight verse Whimsical poems taking forms such as limericks, nonsense poems,\\nand double dactyls. See Edward Lear’s “The Owl and the Pussy-Cat” and Lewis\\nCarroll’s “The Walrus and the Carpenter.” Other masters of light verse include\\nDorothy Parker, G.K. Chesterton, John Hollander, and Wendy Cope.\\n\\nLimerick A fixed light-verse form of five generally anapestic lines rhyming\\nAABBA. Edward Lear, who popularized the form, fused the third and fourth lines\\ninto a single line with internal rhyme. Limericks are traditionally bawdy or\\njust irreverent; see “A Young Lady of Lynn” or Lear’s “There was an Old Man\\nwith a Beard.” Browse more limericks.\\n\\nLyric Originally a composition meant for musical accompaniment. The term\\nrefers to a short poem in which the poet, the poet’s persona, or another\\nspeaker expresses personal feelings. See Robert Herrick’s “To Anthea, who May\\nCommand Him Anything,” John Clare’s “I Hid My Love,” Louise Bogan’s “Song for\\nthe Last Act,” or Louise Glück’s “Vita Nova.”\\n\\nMadrigal A song or short lyric poem intended for multiple singers. Originating\\nin 14th-century Italy, it became popular in England in the late 15th and early\\n16th centuries. It has no fixed metrical requirements. See “Rosalind’s\\nMadrigal” by Thomas Lodge.\\n\\nMock epic A poem that plays with the conventions of the epic to comment on a\\ntopic satirically. In “Mac Flecknoe,” John Dryden wittily flaunts his mastery\\nof the epic genre to cut down a literary rival. Alexander Pope’s “The Rape of\\nthe Lock” recasts a petty high-society scandal as a mythological battle for\\nthe virtue of an innocent.\\n\\nOccasional poem A poem written to describe or comment on a particular event\\nand often written for a public reading. Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “The Charge of\\nthe Light Brigade” commemorates a disastrous battle in the Crimean War. George\\nStarbuck wrote “Of Late” after reading a newspaper account of a Vietnam War\\nprotester’s suicide. Elizabeth Alexander’s “Praise Song for the Day” was\\nwritten for the inauguration of President Barack Obama. See also elegy,\\nepithalamion, and ode.\\n\\nOctave An eight-line stanza or poem. See ottava rima and triolet. The first\\neight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet are also called an octave.\\n\\nOde A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that addresses and often celebrates\\na person, place, thing, or idea. Its stanza forms vary. The Greek or Pindaric\\n(Pindar, ca. 552–442 B.C.E.) ode was a public poem, usually set to music, that\\ncelebrated athletic victories. (See Stephen Burt’s article “And the Winner Is\\n. . . Pindar!”) English odes written in the Pindaric tradition include Thomas\\nGray’s “The Progress of Poesy: A Pindaric Ode” and William Wordsworth’s “Ode:\\nIntimations of Immortality from Reflections of Early Childhood.” Horatian\\nodes, after the Latin poet Horace (65–8 B.C.E.), were written in quatrains in\\na more philosophical, contemplative manner; see Andrew Marvell’s “Horatian Ode\\nupon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland.” The Sapphic ode consists of quatrains,\\nthree 11-syllable lines, and a final five-syllable line, unrhyming but with a\\nstrict meter. See Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “Sapphics.”\\n\\nThe odes of the English Romantic poets vary in stanza form. They often address\\nan intense emotion at the onset of a personal crisis (see Samuel Taylor\\nColeridge’s “Dejection: An Ode,”) or celebrate an object or image that leads\\nto revelation (see John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” “Ode to a\\nNightingale,” and “To Autumn”). Browse more odes.\\n\\nOttava rima Originally an Italian stanza of eight 11-syllable lines, with a\\nrhyme scheme of ABABABCC. Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced the form in English, and\\nLord Byron adapted it to a 10-syllable line for his mock-epic Don Juan. W.B.\\nYeats used it for “Among School Children” and “Sailing to Byzantium.” Browse\\nmore ottava rima poems.\\n\\nPalinode An ode or song that retracts or recants what the poet wrote in a\\nprevious poem. For instance, Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales ends with\\na retraction, in which he apologizes for the work’s “worldly vanitees” and\\nsinful contents.\\n\\nPanegyric A poem of effusive praise. Its origins are Greek, and it is closely\\nrelated to the eulogy and the ode. See Ben Jonson’s “To the Memory of My\\nBeloved the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare” or Anne Bradstreet’s “In Honor of\\nThat High and Mighty Princess, Queen Elizabeth.”\\n\\nPantoum A Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets and occasionally\\nimitated in English. It comprises a series of quatrains, with the second and\\nfourth lines of each quatrain repeated as the first and third lines of the\\nnext. The second and fourth lines of the final stanza repeat the first and\\nthird lines of the first stanza. See A.E. Stallings’s “Another Lullaby for\\nInsomniacs.” Browse more pantoums.\\n\\nPastoral Verse in the tradition of Theocritus (3 BCE), who wrote idealized\\naccounts of shepherds and their loves living simple, virtuous lives in\\nArcadia, a mountainous region of Greece. Poets writing in English drew on the\\npastoral tradition by retreating from the trappings of modernity to the\\nimagined virtues and romance of rural life, as in Edmund Spenser’s The\\nShepheardes Calendar, Christopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His\\nLove,” and Sir Walter Ralegh’s response, “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.”\\nThe pastoral poem faded after the European Industrial Revolution of the 18th\\ncentury, but its themes persist in poems that romanticize rural life or\\nreappraise the natural world; see Leonie Adams’s “Country Summer,” Dylan\\nThomas’s “Fern Hill,” or Allen Ginsberg’s “Wales Visitation.” Browse more\\npastoral poems.\\n\\nPattern poetry See Concrete poetry.\\n\\nPindaric ode See Ode.\\n\\nProse poem A prose composition that, while not broken into verse lines,\\ndemonstrates other traits such as symbols, metaphors, and other figures of\\nspeech common to poetry. See Amy Lowell’s “Bath,” “Metals Metals” by Russell\\nEdson, “Information” by David Ignatow, and Harryette Mullen’s “[Kills bugs\\ndead.]” Browse more prose poems.\\n\\nQuatrain A four-line stanza, rhyming -ABAC or ABCB (known as unbounded or\\nballad quatrain), as in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient\\nMariner.” -AABB (a double couplet); see A.E. Housman’s “To an Athlete Dying\\nYoung.” -ABAB (known as interlaced, alternate, or heroic), as in Thomas Gray’s\\n“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” or “Sadie and Maud” by Gwendolyn\\nBrooks. -ABBA (known as envelope or enclosed), as in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s\\n“In Memoriam” or John Ciardi’s “Most Like an Arch This Marriage.” -AABA, the\\nstanza of Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.”\\n\\nBrowse poems with quatrains.\\n\\nRefrain A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at\\nthe end of a stanza. See the refrain “jump back, honey, jump back” in Paul\\nLawrence Dunbar’s “A Negro Love Song” or “return and return again” in James\\nLaughlin’s “O Best of All Nights, Return and Return Again.” Browse poems with\\na refrain.\\n\\nRenga A Japanese form composed of a series of half-tanka written by different\\npoets. The opening stanza is the basis of the modern haiku form.\\n\\nRhyme royal (rime royale) A stanza of seven 10-syllable lines, rhyming\\nABABBCC, popularized by Geoffrey Chaucer and termed “royal” because his\\nimitator, James I of Scotland, employed it in his own verse. In addition to\\nChaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, see Sir Thomas Wyatt’s “They flee from me” and\\nWilliam Wordsworth’s “Resolution and Independence.”\\n\\nRomance French in origin, a genre of long narrative poetry about medieval\\ncourtly culture and secret love. It triumphed in English with tales of\\nchivalry such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The\\nKnight’s Tale” and Troilus and Criseyde.\\n\\nRondeau Originating in France, a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of\\nbetween 10 and 15 lines and three stanzas. It has only two rhymes, with the\\nopening words used twice as an unrhyming refrain at the end of the second and\\nthird stanzas. The 10-line version rhymes ABBAABc ABBAc (where the lower-case\\n“c” stands for the refrain). The 15-line version often rhymes AABBA AABc\\nAABAc. Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Now welcome, summer” at the close of The Parlement\\nof Fowls is an example of a 13-line rondeau.\\n\\nA rondeau redoublé consists of six quatrains using two rhymes. The first\\nquatrain consists of four refrain lines that are used, in sequence, as the\\nlast lines of the next four quatrains, and a phrase from the first refrain is\\nrepeated as a tail at the end of the final stanza. See Dorothy Parker’s\\n“Roudeau Redoublé (and Scarcely Worth the Trouble at That).”\\n\\nRondel (roundel) A poetic form of 11 to 14 lines consisting of two rhymes and\\nthe repetition of the first two lines in the middle of the poem and at its\\nend. Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Roundel” is 11 lines in two stanzas.\\n\\nSapphic verse See ode.\\n\\nSestet A six-line stanza, or the final six lines of a 14-line Italian or\\nPetrarchan sonnet.\\n\\nSestina A complex French verse form, usually unrhymed, consisting of six\\nstanzas of six lines each and a three-line envoy. The end words of the first\\nstanza are repeated in a different order as end words in each of the\\nsubsequent five stanzas; the closing envoy contains all six words, two per\\nline, placed in the middle and at the end of the three lines. The patterns of\\nword repetition are as follows, with each number representing the final word\\nof a line, and each row of numbers representing a stanza:\\n\\n1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 6 4 1 2 5 5 3 2 6 1 4 4 5 1 3 6 2 2 4 6 5 3 1 (6 2)\\n(1 4) (5 3)\\n\\nSee Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Complaint of Lisa,\\\" John Ashbery’s “Farm\\nImplements and Rutabagas in a Landscape,\\\" and David Ferry’s “The Guest Ellen\\nat the Supper for Street People.\\\" Browse more sestinas.\\n\\nShakespearean sonnet See Sonnet.\\n\\nSijo A Korean verse form related to haiku and tanka and comprised of three\\nlines of 14-16 syllables each, for a total of 44-46 syllables. Each line\\ncontains a pause near the middle, similar to a caesura, though the break need\\nnot be metrical. The first half of the line contains six to nine syllables;\\nthe second half should contain no fewer than five. Originally intended as\\nsongs, sijo can treat romantic, metaphysical, or spiritual themes. Whatever\\nthe subject, the first line introduces an idea or story, the second supplies a\\n“turn,” and the third provides closure. Modern sijo are sometimes printed in\\nsix lines.\\n\\nSlam A competitive poetry performance in which selected audience members score\\nperformers, and winners are determined by total points. Slam is a composite\\ngenre that combines elements of poetry, theater, performance, and\\nstorytelling. The genre’s origins can be traced to Chicago in the early 1980s.\\nSince then, groups of volunteers have organized slams in venues across the\\nworld. The first National Poetry Slam was held in 1990, and has become an\\nannual event in which teams from cities across the United States compete at\\nevents in a host city. For more on poetry slams, see Jeremy Richards’s series\\n“Performing the Academy”. See also poets Tyehimba Jess, Bob Holman, and\\nPatricia Smith.\\n\\nSonnet A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy and\\nbrought to England by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, earl of Surrey in the\\n16th century. Literally a “little song,” the sonnet traditionally reflects\\nupon a single sentiment, with a clarification or “turn” of thought in its\\nconcluding lines.\\n\\nThe Petrarchan sonnet, perfected by the Italian poet Petrarch, divides the 14\\nlines into two sections: an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming ABBAABBA, and a\\nsix-line stanza (sestet) rhyming CDCDCD or CDEEDE. John Milton’s “When I\\nConsider How my Light Is Spent” and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “How Do I\\nLove Thee” employ this form.\\n\\nThe Italian sonnet is an English variation on the traditional Petrarchan\\nversion. The octave’s rhyme scheme is preserved, but the sestet rhymes CDDCEE.\\nSee Thomas Wyatt’s “Whoso List to Hunt, I Know Where Is an Hind” and John\\nDonne’s “If Poisonous Minerals, and If That Tree.”\\n\\nWyatt and Surrey developed the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet, which\\ncondenses the 14 lines into one stanza of three quatrains and a concluding\\ncouplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG (though poets have frequently\\nvaried this scheme; see Wilfred Owen’s “Anthem for Doomed Youth”). George\\nHerbert’s “Love (II),” Claude McKay’s “America,” and Molly Peacock’s\\n“Altruism” are English sonnets.\\n\\nThese three types have given rise to many variations, including:\\n\\n-The caudate sonnet, which adds codas or tails to the 14-line poem. See Gerard Manley Hopkins’s “That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire.”\\n\\n-The curtal sonnet, a shortened version devised by Gerard Manley Hopkins that maintains the proportions of the Italian form, substituting two six-stress tercets for two quatrains in the octave (rhyming ABC ABC), and four and a half lines for the sestet (rhyming DEBDE), also six-stress except for the final three-stress line. See his poem “Pied Beauty.”\\n\\n-The sonnet redoublé, also known as a crown of sonnets, is composed of 15 sonnets that are linked by the repetition of the final line of one sonnet as the initial line of the next, and the final line of that sonnet as the initial line of the previous; the last sonnet consists of all the repeated lines of the previous 14 sonnets, in the same order in which they appeared. Marilyn Nelson’s A Wreath for Emmett Till is a contemporary example.\\n\\n-A sonnet sequence is a group of sonnets sharing the same subject matter and sometimes a dramatic situation and persona. See George Meredith’s Modern Love sequence, Sir Philip Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella, Rupert Brooke’s 1914 sequence, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese.\\n\\n-The Spenserian sonnet is a 14-line poem developed by Edmund Spenser in his Amoretti, that varies the English form by interlocking the three quatrains (ABAB BCBC CDCD EE).\\n\\n-The stretched sonnet is extended to 16 or more lines, such as those in George Meredith’s sequence Modern Love.\\n\\n-A submerged sonnet is tucked into a longer poetic work; see lines 235-48 of T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land.”\\n\\nBrowse more sonnets.\\n\\nSpenserian stanza The unit of Edmund Spenser’s long poem The Faerie Queene,\\nconsisting of eight iambic-pentameter lines and a final alexandrine, with a\\nrhyme scheme of ABABBCBCC. Later uses of this stanza form include John Keats’s\\n“The Eve of St. Agnes,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Adonais,” and Alfred Lord\\nTennyson’s “The Lotos-Eaters.”\\n\\nStanza A grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free\\nverse, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in\\nmood, time, or thought.\\n\\nSyllabic verse Poetry whose meter is determined by the total number of\\nsyllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Marianne Moore’s\\npoetry is mostly syllabic. Other examples include Thomas Nashe’s “Adieu,\\nfarewell earth’s bliss” and Dylan Thomas’s “Poem in October.” Browse more\\npoems in syllabic verse.\\n\\nTanka A Japanese form of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables—31 in\\nall. See Philip Appleman’s “Three Haiku, Two Tanka.” See also renga.\\n\\nTercet A poetic unit of three lines, rhymed or unrhymed. Thomas Hardy’s “The\\nConvergence of the Twain” rhymes AAA BBB; Ben Jonson’s “On Spies” is a three-\\nline poem rhyming AAA; and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” is\\nwritten in terza rima form. Examples of poems in unrhymed tercets include\\nWallace Stevens’s “The Snow Man” and David Wagoner’s “For a Student Sleeping\\nin a Poetry Workshop.”\\n\\nBrowse more poems with tercets.\\n\\nTerza rima An Italian stanzaic form, used most notably by Dante Alighieri in\\nCommedia (The Divine Comedy), consisting of tercets with interwoven rhymes\\n(ABA BCB DED EFE, and so on). A concluding couplet rhymes with the penultimate\\nline of the last tercet. See Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,”\\nDerek Walcott’s “The Bounty,” and Omeros, and Jacqueline Osherow’s “Autumn\\nPsalm.”\\n\\nBrowse more poems in terza rima.\\n\\nTriolet An eight-line stanza having just two rhymes and repeating the first\\nline as the fourth and seventh lines, and the second line as the eighth. See\\nSandra McPherson’s “Triolet” or “Triolets in the Argolid” by Rachel Hadas.\\n\\nVerse As a mass noun, poetry in general; as a regular noun, a line of poetry.\\nTypically used to refer to poetry that possesses more formal qualities.\\n\\nVerse paragraph A group of verse lines that make up a single rhetorical unit.\\nIn longer poems, the first line is often indented, like a paragraph in prose.\\nThe long narrative passages of John Milton’s Paradise Lost are verse\\nparagraphs. The titled sections of Robert Pinsky’s “Essay on Psychiatrists”\\ndemarcate shifts in focus and argument much as prose paragraphs would. A\\nshorter lyric poem, even when broken into stanzas, could be considered a\\nsingle verse paragraph, insofar as it expresses a unified mood or thought; see\\nGail Mazur’s “Evening.”\\n\\nVillanelle A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a\\nfinal quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating\\nalternately in the following stanzas. These two refrain lines form the final\\ncouplet in the quatrain. See “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan\\nThomas, Elizabeth Bishop’s “One Art,” and Edwin Arlington Robinson’s “The\\nHouse on the Hill.”\\n\\nBrowse more villanelles.\\n\\nNEWSLETTER SIGN-UP\\n\\nRSS Feeds\\n\\n * Articles\\n * Poetry magazine\\n * Harriet: News & Community\\n * Poem of the Day\\n * Audio Poem of the Day\\n * Glossary Term of the Day\\n\\nNetwork\\n\\n * Find us on Facebook\\n\\n * Poetry Foundation\\n * Poetry Foundation Children\\n * Follow us on Twitter\\n\\n * Poetry Foundation\\n * Poetry Magazine\\n * Poetry News\\n * Poetry Now\\n\\nSite Index\\n\\nPoems\\n\\n * Browse All Poems\\n * Love Poems\\n * Poems for Weddings\\n * Children’s Poems\\n\\nPoets\\n\\n * 20th Century Poets\\n * Women Poets\\n\\nFeatures\\n\\n * Articles\\n * Audio & Podcasts\\n * Video\\n * Harriet: News & Community\\n\\nResources\\n\\n * Learning Lab\\n * Glossary of Poetic Terms\\n * Children’s Poetry\\n * POETRY Mobile App\\n\\nPoetry magazine\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Poetry magazine Archive\\n * From the Editors: Blog\\n * Submissions\\n * About the Magazine\\n * Advertising & Media Kit\\n * Poetry magazine Prizes\\n\\nPrograms & Initiatives\\n\\n * Events\\n * Awards\\n * Foundation Library\\n * HMPI\\n * Media Partners & Affiliates\\n * Poetry Out Loud\\n\\nAbout The Foundation\\n\\n * About Us\\n * History and Mission\\n * Press Releases\\n * Plan a Visit\\n * Staff & Board\\n * Policies\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Jobs\\n\\nContact Poetry Foundation\\n\\nGeneral Inquiries | Poetry magazine | Media & Press | Harriet Monroe Poetry\\nInstitute | 61 West Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60654\\n\\nHours: Monday–Friday 11 a.m.–4 p.m.\\n\\n© 2015 Poetry Foundation\\n\\nOriginally appeared in Poetry magazine.\\n\\nThis poem has learning resources.\\n\\nThis poem is good for children.\\n\\nThis poem has related video.\\n\\nThis poem has related audio.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.poeticmedicine.com:80/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161018150630/http://www.poeticmedicine.com:80/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Overview of the Institute for Poetic Medicine,\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"We are here to awaken soulfulness in the human voice. Our site offers voices and resources regarding the healing power of poetry. We are collectively dedicated to nurture and strengthen the human capacity to creatively connect to Self, Other, Community, the Natural World and the Divine.\",\n \"The Institute of Poetic Medicine offers tools and support to people to heal body, mind and spirit through the creative and therapeutic process of hearing, speaking and writing poetry.\",\n \"We support John’s work throughout the US and internationally to teach, heal and promote the power of poetry to comfort and transform, inform and enrich both person and community.\",\n \"We provide development in-services for those involved in helping professions such as pastoral care, medicine and education; we also provide inspiration and sustenance to community activists and organizers.\",\n \"We are a resource center for the inspiring and useful ways poetry-as-healer makes a difference and applies to the varied facets of our lives.\",\n \"On this website you will find all of these “rivers” and we hope you will take some time to find what interests, moves and motivates you to make poetry more a part of your life.\",\n \"This reading will blossom out of the work done with John Fox and the Institute for Poetic Medicine. It will include teens, children, parents and care-givers who are part of Project Avary.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Overview of the Institute for Poetic Medicine,\\n\\nFree IPM Journal\\n\\nJournal Archives\\n\\nDonate\\n\\nContact\\n\\nOverview\\n\\nCourses & Programs\\n\\nPoetry Partners\\n\\nPoetic Medicine in Action\\n\\nCommunity of Poets\\n\\nPoetic Medicine Bag\\n\\nPoems speak to us when nothing else will.\\n\\nPoetry helps us feel our lives rather than be numb.\\n\\nTHE INSTITUTE FOR\\n\\nPoetic Medicine\\n\\nTo Awaken Soulfulness in the Human Voice\\n\\n# Welcome!\\n\\nWe are here to awaken soulfulness in the human voice. Our site offers voices\\nand resources regarding the healing power of poetry. We are collectively\\ndedicated to nurture and strengthen the human capacity to creatively connect\\nto Self, Other, Community, the Natural World and the Divine.\\n\\nCan poetry heal?\\n\\nThis documentary gives a resounding yes!\\n\\nThis PBS documentary tells the stories of patients whose lives have been\\ndramatical\\n\\nAbout John Fox\\n\\nHow IPM Began\\n\\nTestimonials\\n\\nBoard & Advisory Board\\n\\nYour Support Counts\\n\\nAcross the wall of the world, A River sings a beautiful song, Come rest here\\nby my side.\\n\\nGive birth again To the dream.\\n\\n—Maya Angelou\\n\\nfrom On the Pulse of Morning\\n\\nThe Institute of Poetic Medicine offers tools and support to people to heal\\nbody, mind and spirit through the creative and therapeutic process of hearing,\\nspeaking and writing poetry.\\n\\nThe work of IPM flows in the deep current of these rivers:\\n\\n * We fund Poetry Partner Programs that bring poetic medicine to people often considered at the margins.\\n * We offer a 3-year Certified Training program that provides certification in the practice of poetry-as-healer.\\n * We provide multiple-ways to respond and participate on-line as a way to grow an interactive IPM community.\\n * We support John’s work throughout the US and internationally to teach, heal and promote the power of poetry to comfort and transform, inform and enrich both person and community.\\n * We provide development in-services for those involved in helping professions such as pastoral care, medicine and education; we also provide inspiration and sustenance to community activists and organizers.\\n * We are a resource center for the inspiring and useful ways poetry-as-healer makes a difference and applies to the varied facets of our lives.\\n * Free Poetic Medicine Journal. A beautiful, inspiring and informative quarterly journal.\\n\\nOn this website you will find all of these “rivers” and we hope you will take\\nsome time to find what interests, moves and motivates you to make poetry more\\na part of your life.\\n\\nUPCOMING EVENTS\\n\\n____________________\\n\\nOctober 21-23, 2016 San Diego, CA\\n\\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal\\n\\nAt the home of Lynn Pollock and Ilan Awerbuch\\n\\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\\n\\n_____________________\\n\\nDecember 3, 2016 Avary Project Poetry Reading Saturday Evening San Rafael, CA\\n\\nAvary Project Poetry Readings\\n\\nThis reading will blossom out of the work done with John Fox and the Institute\\nfor Poetic Medicine. It will include teens, children, parents and care-givers\\nwho are part of Project Avary.\\n\\nOpen to the public. More details to come! Contact: Amy Deleon, Event\\nCoordinator amy@projectavary.org 415-457-8799 x306 www.projectavary.org\\n\\n____________________\\n\\nDecember 9-11, 2016 Kirkridge Retreat Center Bangor, PA\\n\\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal - A Writing & Poetry Retreat\\n\\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\\n\\n____________________\\n\\nFebruary 17-20, 2017 Mepkin Abbey\\n\\nMoncks Corner, SC\\n\\nA Single Line Opens the Way:\\n\\nJoining Poetry with Trust to\\n\\nNourish and Deepen Conteplative Practice\\n\\nJohn Fox and Sally Z. Hare, co-leaders INFORMATION & REGISTRATION\\n\\n____________________\\n\\nFebruary 22, 2017 Annual Assembly of Hospice and Palliative Care w/ American\\nAcademy of Hospice and Palliative Care and the Hospice and Palliative Care\\nNurses Association\\n\\nPhoenix, AZ\\n\\nPalliative Care and the Art of Poem Making: A Pathway to\\n\\nDeepen Dialogue with Ourselves, Our Patients, Our Colleagues\\n\\npresented by Dr. Mike Rabow, Redwing Keyssar, RN, John Fox, CPT and Merijane\\nBlock\\n\\naahpm.org/meetings/assembly\\n\\n____________________\\n\\nFebruary 24-26, 2017 Talk and Weekend Retreat Phoenix, AZ\\n\\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal - A Writing & Poetry Retreat\\n\\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\\n\\nCOMMUNITY OF POETS\\n\\nLisa A. Bertsch Poet & Yoga Instructor\\n\\nJoe Milosch Retired Trail Locator for the Cleveland National Forest\\n\\nJohn Bowman Former Newspaper Editor\\n\\nCharles Perakis Family Physician\\n\\nNancy Story Poet & Community College Teacher\\n\\nDon Winslow Retired Chemical Research Engineer\\n\\nPOETIC MEDICINE IN ACTION\\n\\nBahareh Amidil American-Iranian 'Poetess of Light'\\n\\nJack Coulehan Poet and Physician\\n\\nRichard Rosenfield Psychological Mainstream\\n\\nMuhammad Shakoor Power of Poetry\\n\\nPower of Poetry\\n\\nPOETIC MEDICINE BAG\\n\\nResources by John Fox Books, DVD, CD, Essays, Interviews, YouTube\\n\\nReviewed and Recommended Books\\n\\nBooks by Poetry Partners\\n\\nBooks by Board and Advisory Members\\n\\nExercises to Stir Youtr Voice\\n\\nOur Favorite Links Resources for Poets Board Members Websites Highly\\nRecommended Websites Poetry Therapy Resources Institutions Where John Fox\\nTeaches\\n\\nIPM Apparel and Merchandise\\n\\nOVERVIEW\\n\\nUpcoming Events\\n\\nAbout John Fox\\n\\nBoard Members and Advisory Members\\n\\nYour Support Count\\n\\nHow IPM Began\\n\\nA Letter to You from John\\n\\nFree IPM Journal\\n\\nJournal Archives\\n\\nCOURSES & PROGRAMS\\n\\nCertified Training Program\\n\\nCo-sponsored Programs\\n\\nPrivate Consultations\\n\\nRetreat\\n\\nCONTACT US\\n\\nSocial Media Links\\n\\nWebsite Forms\\n\\nCopyright © 2006-2016 The Institute for Poetic Medicine and John Fox\\n\\nPOETRY PARTNERS\\n\\nLisa DuVouno Club House Project\\n\\nWayne Gilbert Unlocked: Discovering Inner Resources\\n\\nKrista Harrison Rediscover Project\\n\\nMerna Ann Hetch Youth Voices\\n\\nAnnie Holden Finding Voice\\n\\nJim Hornsby Project Star\\n\\nJudith Prest Finding Our Voices\\n\\nBrian Sunset Writing Our Relationship with Trees\\n\\nJacinta White The Word ProjectJacinta\\n\\nCindy Washabaugh Who Am I, Where I Live ...\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210905071726/https://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"536. Ode. Intimations of Immortality. William Wordsworth. The Oxford Book of English Verse\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"William Wordsworth. 1770–1850 536. Ode Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood THERE was a time when meadow, grove, and stream,\",\n \"The earth, and every common sight, To me did seem Apparell'd in celestial light, The glory and the freshness of a dream.| 5 It is not now as it hath been of yore;— Turn wheresoe'er I may, By night or day, The things which I have seen I now can see no more. The rainbow comes and goes,| 10 And lovely is the rose; The moon doth with delight Look round her when the heavens are bare; Waters on a starry night Are beautiful and fair;| 15 The sunshine is a glorious birth; But yet I know, where'er I go, That there hath pass'd away a glory from the earth. Now, while the birds thus sing a joyous song, And while the young lambs bound| 20 As to the tabor's sound, To me alone there came a thought of grief: A timely utterance gave that thought relief, And I again am strong: The cataracts blow their trumpets from the steep;| 25 No more shall grief of mine the season wrong; I hear the echoes through the mountains throng, The winds come to me from the fields of sleep, And all the earth is gay; Land and sea| 30 Give themselves up to jollity, And with the heart of May Doth every beast keep holiday;— Thou Child of Joy, Shout round me, let me hear thy shouts, thou happy| 35 Shepherd-boy! Ye blessèd creatures, I have heard the call Ye to each other make; I see The heavens laugh with you in your jubilee; My heart is at your festival,| 40 My head hath its coronal, The fulness of your bliss, I feel—I feel it all. O evil day! if I were sullen While Earth herself is adorning, This sweet May-morning,| 45 And the children are culling On every side, In a thousand valleys far and wide, Fresh flowers; while the sun shines warm, And the babe leaps up on his mother's arm:—| 50 I hear, I hear, with joy I hear! —But there's a tree, of many, one, A single field which I have look'd upon, Both of them speak of something that is gone: The pansy at my feet| 55 Doth the same tale repeat: Whither is fled the visionary gleam? Where is it now, the glory and the dream? Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting: The Soul that rises with us, our life's Star,| 60 Hath had elsewhere its setting, And cometh from afar: Not in entire forgetfulness, And not in utter nakedness, But trailing clouds of glory do we come| 65 From God, who is our home: Heaven lies about us in our infancy! Shades of the prison-house begin to close Upon the growing Boy, But he beholds the light, and whence it flows,| 70 He sees it in his joy; The Youth, who daily farther from the east Must travel, still is Nature's priest, And by the vision splendid Is on his way attended;| 75 At length the Man perceives it die away, And fade into the light of common day. Earth fills her lap with pleasures of her own; Yearnings she hath in her own natural kind, And, even with something of a mother's mind,| 80 And no unworthy aim, The homely nurse doth all she can To make her foster-child, her Inmate Man, Forget the glories he hath known, And that imperial palace whence he came.| 85 Behold the Child among his new-born blisses, A six years' darling of a pigmy size! See, where 'mid work of his own hand he lies, Fretted by sallies of his mother's kisses, With light upon him from his father's eyes!| 90 See, at his feet, some little plan or chart, Some fragment from his dream of human life, Shaped by himself with newly-learnèd art; A wedding or a festival, A mourning or a funeral;| 95 And this hath now his heart, And unto this he frames his song: Then will he fit his tongue To dialogues of business, love, or strife; But it will not be long| 100 Ere this be thrown aside, And with new joy and pride The little actor cons another part; Filling from time to time his 'humorous stage' With all the Persons, down to palsied Age,| 105 That Life brings with her in her equipage; As if his whole vocation Were endless imitation. Thou, whose exterior semblance doth belie Thy soul's immensity;| 110 Thou best philosopher, who yet dost keep Thy heritage, thou eye among the blind, That, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep, Haunted for ever by the eternal mind,— Mighty prophet! Seer blest!| 115 On whom those truths do rest, Which we are toiling all our lives to find, In darkness lost, the darkness of the grave; Thou, over whom thy Immortality Broods like the Day, a master o'er a slave,| 120 A presence which is not to be put by; To whom the grave Is but a lonely bed without the sense or sight Of day or the warm light, A place of thought where we in waiting lie;| 125 Thou little Child, yet glorious in the might Of heaven-born freedom on thy being's height, Why with such earnest pains dost thou provoke The years to bring the inevitable yoke, Thus blindly with thy blessedness at strife?| 130 Full soon thy soul shall have her earthly freight, And custom lie upon thee with a weight, Heavy as frost, and deep almost as life! O joy! that in our embers Is something that doth live,| 135 That nature yet remembers What was so fugitive! The thought of our past years in me doth breed Perpetual benediction: not indeed For that which is most worthy to be blest—| 140 Delight and liberty, the simple creed Of childhood, whether busy or at rest, With new-fledged hope still fluttering in his breast:— Not for these I raise The song of thanks and praise;| 145 But for those obstinate questionings Of sense and outward things, Fallings from us, vanishings; Blank misgivings of a Creature Moving about in worlds not realized,| 150 High instincts before which our mortal Nature Did tremble like a guilty thing surprised: But for those first affections, Those shadowy recollections, Which, be they what they may,| 155 Are yet the fountain-light of all our day, Are yet a master-light of all our seeing; Uphold us, cherish, and have power to make Our noisy years seem moments in the being Of the eternal Silence: truths that wake,| 160 To perish never: Which neither listlessness, nor mad endeavour, Nor Man nor Boy, Nor all that is at enmity with joy, Can utterly abolish or destroy!| 165 Hence in a season of calm weather Though inland far we be, Our souls have sight of that immortal sea Which brought us hither, Can in a moment travel thither,| 170 And see the children sport upon the shore, And hear the mighty waters rolling evermore. Then sing, ye birds, sing, sing a joyous song! And let the young lambs bound As to the tabor's sound!| 175 We in thought will join your throng, Ye that pipe and ye that play, Ye that through your hearts to-day Feel the gladness of the May! What though the radiance which was once so bright| 180 Be now for ever taken from my sight, Though nothing can bring back the hour Of splendour in the grass, of glory in the flower; We will grieve not, rather find Strength in what remains behind;| 185 In the primal sympathy Which having been must ever be; In the soothing thoughts that spring Out of human suffering; In the faith that looks through death,| 190 In years that bring the philosophic mind. And O ye Fountains, Meadows, Hills, and Groves, Forebode not any severing of our loves! Yet in my heart of hearts I feel your might; I only have relinquish'd one delight| 195 To live beneath your more habitual sway. I love the brooks which down their channels fret, Even more than when I tripp'd lightly as they; The innocent brightness of a new-born Day Is lovely yet;| 200 The clouds that gather round the setting sun Do take a sober colouring from an eye That hath kept watch o'er man's mortality; Another race hath been, and other palms are won. Thanks to the human heart by which we live,| 205 Thanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears, To me the meanest flower that blows can give Thoughts that do often lie too deep for tears. CONTENTS · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"536\\\\. Ode. Intimations of Immortality. William Wordsworth. The Oxford Book of\\nEnglish Verse\\n\\n| Arthur Quiller-Couch, ed. 1919. The Oxford Book of English Verse: 1250–1900. \\n--- \\nWilliam Wordsworth. 1770–1850 \\n536\\\\. Ode Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood \\nTHERE was a time when meadow, grove, and stream, \\n--- \\nThe earth, and every common sight, \\nTo me did seem \\nApparell'd in celestial light, \\nThe glory and the freshness of a dream.| 5 \\nIt is not now as it hath been of yore;— \\nTurn wheresoe'er I may, \\nBy night or day, \\nThe things which I have seen I now can see no more. \\nThe rainbow comes and goes,| 10 \\nAnd lovely is the rose; \\nThe moon doth with delight \\nLook round her when the heavens are bare; \\nWaters on a starry night \\nAre beautiful and fair;| 15 \\nThe sunshine is a glorious birth; \\nBut yet I know, where'er I go, \\nThat there hath pass'd away a glory from the earth. \\nNow, while the birds thus sing a joyous song, \\nAnd while the young lambs bound| 20 \\nAs to the tabor's sound, \\nTo me alone there came a thought of grief: \\nA timely utterance gave that thought relief, \\nAnd I again am strong: \\nThe cataracts blow their trumpets from the steep;| 25 \\nNo more shall grief of mine the season wrong; \\nI hear the echoes through the mountains throng, \\nThe winds come to me from the fields of sleep, \\nAnd all the earth is gay; \\nLand and sea| 30 \\nGive themselves up to jollity, \\nAnd with the heart of May \\nDoth every beast keep holiday;— \\nThou Child of Joy, \\nShout round me, let me hear thy shouts, thou happy| 35 \\nShepherd-boy! \\nYe blessèd creatures, I have heard the call \\nYe to each other make; I see \\nThe heavens laugh with you in your jubilee; \\nMy heart is at your festival,| 40 \\nMy head hath its coronal, \\nThe fulness of your bliss, I feel—I feel it all. \\nO evil day! if I were sullen \\nWhile Earth herself is adorning, \\nThis sweet May-morning,| 45 \\nAnd the children are culling \\nOn every side, \\nIn a thousand valleys far and wide, \\nFresh flowers; while the sun shines warm, \\nAnd the babe leaps up on his mother's arm:—| 50 \\nI hear, I hear, with joy I hear! \\n—But there's a tree, of many, one, \\nA single field which I have look'd upon, \\nBoth of them speak of something that is gone: \\nThe pansy at my feet| 55 \\nDoth the same tale repeat: \\nWhither is fled the visionary gleam? \\nWhere is it now, the glory and the dream? \\nOur birth is but a sleep and a forgetting: \\nThe Soul that rises with us, our life's Star,| 60 \\nHath had elsewhere its setting, \\nAnd cometh from afar: \\nNot in entire forgetfulness, \\nAnd not in utter nakedness, \\nBut trailing clouds of glory do we come| 65 \\nFrom God, who is our home: \\nHeaven lies about us in our infancy! \\nShades of the prison-house begin to close \\nUpon the growing Boy, \\nBut he beholds the light, and whence it flows,| 70 \\nHe sees it in his joy; \\nThe Youth, who daily farther from the east \\nMust travel, still is Nature's priest, \\nAnd by the vision splendid \\nIs on his way attended;| 75 \\nAt length the Man perceives it die away, \\nAnd fade into the light of common day. \\nEarth fills her lap with pleasures of her own; \\nYearnings she hath in her own natural kind, \\nAnd, even with something of a mother's mind,| 80 \\nAnd no unworthy aim, \\nThe homely nurse doth all she can \\nTo make her foster-child, her Inmate Man, \\nForget the glories he hath known, \\nAnd that imperial palace whence he came.| 85 \\nBehold the Child among his new-born blisses, \\nA six years' darling of a pigmy size! \\nSee, where 'mid work of his own hand he lies, \\nFretted by sallies of his mother's kisses, \\nWith light upon him from his father's eyes!| 90 \\nSee, at his feet, some little plan or chart, \\nSome fragment from his dream of human life, \\nShaped by himself with newly-learnèd art; \\nA wedding or a festival, \\nA mourning or a funeral;| 95 \\nAnd this hath now his heart, \\nAnd unto this he frames his song: \\nThen will he fit his tongue \\nTo dialogues of business, love, or strife; \\nBut it will not be long| 100 \\nEre this be thrown aside, \\nAnd with new joy and pride \\nThe little actor cons another part; \\nFilling from time to time his 'humorous stage' \\nWith all the Persons, down to palsied Age,| 105 \\nThat Life brings with her in her equipage; \\nAs if his whole vocation \\nWere endless imitation. \\nThou, whose exterior semblance doth belie \\nThy soul's immensity;| 110 \\nThou best philosopher, who yet dost keep \\nThy heritage, thou eye among the blind, \\nThat, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep, \\nHaunted for ever by the eternal mind,— \\nMighty prophet! Seer blest!| 115 \\nOn whom those truths do rest, \\nWhich we are toiling all our lives to find, \\nIn darkness lost, the darkness of the grave; \\nThou, over whom thy Immortality \\nBroods like the Day, a master o'er a slave,| 120 \\nA presence which is not to be put by; \\nTo whom the grave \\nIs but a lonely bed without the sense or sight \\nOf day or the warm light, \\nA place of thought where we in waiting lie;| 125 \\nThou little Child, yet glorious in the might \\nOf heaven-born freedom on thy being's height, \\nWhy with such earnest pains dost thou provoke \\nThe years to bring the inevitable yoke, \\nThus blindly with thy blessedness at strife?| 130 \\nFull soon thy soul shall have her earthly freight, \\nAnd custom lie upon thee with a weight, \\nHeavy as frost, and deep almost as life! \\nO joy! that in our embers \\nIs something that doth live,| 135 \\nThat nature yet remembers \\nWhat was so fugitive! \\nThe thought of our past years in me doth breed \\nPerpetual benediction: not indeed \\nFor that which is most worthy to be blest—| 140 \\nDelight and liberty, the simple creed \\nOf childhood, whether busy or at rest, \\nWith new-fledged hope still fluttering in his breast:— \\nNot for these I raise \\nThe song of thanks and praise;| 145 \\nBut for those obstinate questionings \\nOf sense and outward things, \\nFallings from us, vanishings; \\nBlank misgivings of a Creature \\nMoving about in worlds not realized,| 150 \\nHigh instincts before which our mortal Nature \\nDid tremble like a guilty thing surprised: \\nBut for those first affections, \\nThose shadowy recollections, \\nWhich, be they what they may,| 155 \\nAre yet the fountain-light of all our day, \\nAre yet a master-light of all our seeing; \\nUphold us, cherish, and have power to make \\nOur noisy years seem moments in the being \\nOf the eternal Silence: truths that wake,| 160 \\nTo perish never: \\nWhich neither listlessness, nor mad endeavour, \\nNor Man nor Boy, \\nNor all that is at enmity with joy, \\nCan utterly abolish or destroy!| 165 \\nHence in a season of calm weather \\nThough inland far we be, \\nOur souls have sight of that immortal sea \\nWhich brought us hither, \\nCan in a moment travel thither,| 170 \\nAnd see the children sport upon the shore, \\nAnd hear the mighty waters rolling evermore. \\nThen sing, ye birds, sing, sing a joyous song! \\nAnd let the young lambs bound \\nAs to the tabor's sound!| 175 \\nWe in thought will join your throng, \\nYe that pipe and ye that play, \\nYe that through your hearts to-day \\nFeel the gladness of the May! \\nWhat though the radiance which was once so bright| 180 \\nBe now for ever taken from my sight, \\nThough nothing can bring back the hour \\nOf splendour in the grass, of glory in the flower; \\nWe will grieve not, rather find \\nStrength in what remains behind;| 185 \\nIn the primal sympathy \\nWhich having been must ever be; \\nIn the soothing thoughts that spring \\nOut of human suffering; \\nIn the faith that looks through death,| 190 \\nIn years that bring the philosophic mind. \\nAnd O ye Fountains, Meadows, Hills, and Groves, \\nForebode not any severing of our loves! \\nYet in my heart of hearts I feel your might; \\nI only have relinquish'd one delight| 195 \\nTo live beneath your more habitual sway. \\nI love the brooks which down their channels fret, \\nEven more than when I tripp'd lightly as they; \\nThe innocent brightness of a new-born Day \\nIs lovely yet;| 200 \\nThe clouds that gather round the setting sun \\nDo take a sober colouring from an eye \\nThat hath kept watch o'er man's mortality; \\nAnother race hath been, and other palms are won. \\nThanks to the human heart by which we live,| 205 \\nThanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears, \\nTo me the meanest flower that blows can give \\nThoughts that do often lie too deep for tears. \\nCONTENTS · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD \\n--- \\n| PREVIOUS| NEXT \\n---|--- \\nShakespeare · Bible · Strunk · Anatomy · Nonfiction · Quotations · Reference ·\\nFiction · Poetry \\n© 1993–2020 Bartleby.com · [Top 150] · Subjects · Titles · Authors · World Lit\\n· Free Essays · Cookie Settings\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211107190535/http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"SCENE VII. The forest.\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If he, compact of jars, grow musical, We shall have shortly discord in the spheres. Go, seek him: tell him I would speak with him.\",\n \"Why, how now, monsieur! what a life is this, That your poor friends must woo your company? What, you look merrily!\",\n \"A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest, A motley fool; a miserable world! As I do live by food, I met a fool Who laid him down and bask'd him in the sun, And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, In good set terms and yet a motley fool. 'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. 'No, sir,' quoth he, 'Call me not fool till heaven hath sent me fortune:' And then he drew a dial from his poke, And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye, Says very wisely, 'It is ten o'clock: Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags: 'Tis but an hour ago since it was nine, And after one hour more 'twill be eleven; And so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe, And then, from hour to hour, we rot and rot; And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear The motley fool thus moral on the time, My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, That fools should be so deep-contemplative, And I did laugh sans intermission An hour by his dial. O noble fool! A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear.\",\n \"O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier, And says, if ladies be but young and fair, They have the gift to know it: and in his brain, Which is as dry as the remainder biscuit After a voyage, he hath strange places cramm'd With observation, the which he vents In mangled forms. O that I were a fool! I am ambitious for a motley coat.\",\n \"It is my only suit; Provided that you weed your better judgments Of all opinion that grows rank in them That I am wise. I must have liberty Withal, as large a charter as the wind, To blow on whom I please; for so fools have; And they that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh. And why, sir, must they so? The 'why' is plain as way to parish church: He that a fool doth very wisely hit Doth very foolishly, although he smart, Not to seem senseless of the bob: if not, The wise man's folly is anatomized Even by the squandering glances of the fool. Invest me in my motley; give me leave To speak my mind, and I will through and through Cleanse the foul body of the infected world, If they will patiently receive my medicine.\",\n \"Most mischievous foul sin, in chiding sin: For thou thyself hast been a libertine, As sensual as the brutish sting itself; And all the embossed sores and headed evils, That thou with licence of free foot hast caught, Wouldst thou disgorge into the general world.\",\n \"Why, who cries out on pride, That can therein tax any private party? Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea, Till that the weary very means do ebb? What woman in the city do I name, When that I say the city-woman bears The cost of princes on unworthy shoulders? Who can come in and say that I mean her, When such a one as she such is her neighbour? Or what is he of basest function That says his bravery is not of my cost, Thinking that I mean him, but therein suits His folly to the mettle of my speech? There then; how then? what then? Let me see wherein My tongue hath wrong'd him: if it do him right, Then he hath wrong'd himself; if he be free, Why then my taxing like a wild-goose flies, Unclaim'd of any man. But who comes here?\",\n \"Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy distress, Or else a rude despiser of good manners, That in civility thou seem'st so empty?\",\n \"You touch'd my vein at first: the thorny point Of bare distress hath ta'en from me the show Of smooth civility: yet am I inland bred And know some nurture. But forbear, I say: He dies that touches any of this fruit Till I and my affairs are answered.\",\n \"Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: I thought that all things had been savage here; And therefore put I on the countenance Of stern commandment. But whate'er you are That in this desert inaccessible, Under the shade of melancholy boughs, Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time If ever you have look'd on better days, If ever been where bells have knoll'd to church, If ever sat at any good man's feast, If ever from your eyelids wiped a tear And know what 'tis to pity and be pitied, Let gentleness my strong enforcement be: In the which hope I blush, and hide my sword.\",\n \"True is it that we have seen better days, And have with holy bell been knoll'd to church And sat at good men's feasts and wiped our eyes Of drops that sacred pity hath engender'd: And therefore sit you down in gentleness And take upon command what help we have That to your wanting may be minister'd.\",\n \"Then but forbear your food a little while, Whiles, like a doe, I go to find my fawn And give it food. There is an old poor man, Who after me hath many a weary step Limp'd in pure love: till he be first sufficed, Oppress'd with two weak evils, age and hunger, I will not touch a bit.\",\n \"Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy: This wide and universal theatre Presents more woeful pageants than the scene Wherein we play in.\",\n \"All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms. And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel And shining morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school. And then the lover, Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier, Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard, Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice, In fair round belly with good capon lined, With eyes severe and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saws and modern instances; And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon, With spectacles on nose and pouch on side, His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble, pipes And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all, That ends this strange eventful history, Is second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.\",\n \"Welcome; fall to: I will not trouble you As yet, to question you about your fortunes. Give us some music; and, good cousin, sing. SONG.\",\n \"Blow, blow, thou winter wind. Thou art not so unkind As man's ingratitude; Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen, Although thy breath be rude. Heigh-ho! sing, heigh-ho! unto the green holly: Most friendship is feigning, most loving mere folly: Then, heigh-ho, the holly! This life is most jolly. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, That dost not bite so nigh As benefits forgot: Though thou the waters warp, Thy sting is not so sharp As friend remember'd not. Heigh-ho! sing, & c.\",\n \"If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son, As you have whisper'd faithfully you were, And as mine eye doth his effigies witness Most truly limn'd and living in your face, Be truly welcome hither: I am the duke That loved your father: the residue of your fortune, Go to my cave and tell me. Good old man, Thou art right welcome as thy master is. Support him by the arm. Give me your hand, And let me all your fortunes understand.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"SCENE VII. The forest.\\n\\nAs You Like It \\n--- \\nShakespeare homepage | As You Like It | Act 2, Scene 7 Previous scene | Next\\nscene \\n \\n### SCENE VII. The forest.\\n\\n> A table set out. Enter DUKE SENIOR, AMIENS, and Lords like outlaws\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> I think he be transform'd into a beast; For I can no where find him like a\\n> man.\\n\\nFirst Lord\\n\\n> My lord, he is but even now gone hence: Here was he merry, hearing of a\\n> song.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> If he, compact of jars, grow musical, We shall have shortly discord in the\\n> spheres. Go, seek him: tell him I would speak with him.\\n>\\n> Enter JAQUES\\n\\nFirst Lord\\n\\n> He saves my labour by his own approach.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Why, how now, monsieur! what a life is this, That your poor friends must woo\\n> your company? What, you look merrily!\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest, A motley fool; a miserable\\n> world! As I do live by food, I met a fool Who laid him down and bask'd him\\n> in the sun, And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, In good set terms and\\n> yet a motley fool. 'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. 'No, sir,' quoth he, 'Call\\n> me not fool till heaven hath sent me fortune:' And then he drew a dial from\\n> his poke, And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye, Says very wisely, 'It is\\n> ten o'clock: Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags: 'Tis but an\\n> hour ago since it was nine, And after one hour more 'twill be eleven; And\\n> so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe, And then, from hour to hour, we rot\\n> and rot; And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear The motley fool thus\\n> moral on the time, My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, That fools\\n> should be so deep-contemplative, And I did laugh sans intermission An hour\\n> by his dial. O noble fool! A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> What fool is this?\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier, And says, if ladies be but\\n> young and fair, They have the gift to know it: and in his brain, Which is as\\n> dry as the remainder biscuit After a voyage, he hath strange places cramm'd\\n> With observation, the which he vents In mangled forms. O that I were a fool!\\n> I am ambitious for a motley coat.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Thou shalt have one.\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> It is my only suit; Provided that you weed your better judgments Of all\\n> opinion that grows rank in them That I am wise. I must have liberty Withal,\\n> as large a charter as the wind, To blow on whom I please; for so fools have;\\n> And they that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh. And why,\\n> sir, must they so? The 'why' is plain as way to parish church: He that a\\n> fool doth very wisely hit Doth very foolishly, although he smart, Not to\\n> seem senseless of the bob: if not, The wise man's folly is anatomized Even\\n> by the squandering glances of the fool. Invest me in my motley; give me\\n> leave To speak my mind, and I will through and through Cleanse the foul body\\n> of the infected world, If they will patiently receive my medicine.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Fie on thee! I can tell what thou wouldst do.\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> What, for a counter, would I do but good?\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Most mischievous foul sin, in chiding sin: For thou thyself hast been a\\n> libertine, As sensual as the brutish sting itself; And all the embossed\\n> sores and headed evils, That thou with licence of free foot hast caught,\\n> Wouldst thou disgorge into the general world.\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> Why, who cries out on pride, That can therein tax any private party? Doth it\\n> not flow as hugely as the sea, Till that the weary very means do ebb? What\\n> woman in the city do I name, When that I say the city-woman bears The cost\\n> of princes on unworthy shoulders? Who can come in and say that I mean her,\\n> When such a one as she such is her neighbour? Or what is he of basest\\n> function That says his bravery is not of my cost, Thinking that I mean him,\\n> but therein suits His folly to the mettle of my speech? There then; how\\n> then? what then? Let me see wherein My tongue hath wrong'd him: if it do him\\n> right, Then he hath wrong'd himself; if he be free, Why then my taxing like\\n> a wild-goose flies, Unclaim'd of any man. But who comes here?\\n>\\n> Enter ORLANDO, with his sword drawn\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> Forbear, and eat no more.\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> Why, I have eat none yet.\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> Nor shalt not, till necessity be served.\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> Of what kind should this cock come of?\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy distress, Or else a rude despiser of\\n> good manners, That in civility thou seem'st so empty?\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> You touch'd my vein at first: the thorny point Of bare distress hath ta'en\\n> from me the show Of smooth civility: yet am I inland bred And know some\\n> nurture. But forbear, I say: He dies that touches any of this fruit Till I\\n> and my affairs are answered.\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> An you will not be answered with reason, I must die.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> What would you have? Your gentleness shall force More than your force move\\n> us to gentleness.\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> I almost die for food; and let me have it.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Sit down and feed, and welcome to our table.\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: I thought that all things had\\n> been savage here; And therefore put I on the countenance Of stern\\n> commandment. But whate'er you are That in this desert inaccessible, Under\\n> the shade of melancholy boughs, Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time\\n> If ever you have look'd on better days, If ever been where bells have\\n> knoll'd to church, If ever sat at any good man's feast, If ever from your\\n> eyelids wiped a tear And know what 'tis to pity and be pitied, Let\\n> gentleness my strong enforcement be: In the which hope I blush, and hide my\\n> sword.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> True is it that we have seen better days, And have with holy bell been\\n> knoll'd to church And sat at good men's feasts and wiped our eyes Of drops\\n> that sacred pity hath engender'd: And therefore sit you down in gentleness\\n> And take upon command what help we have That to your wanting may be\\n> minister'd.\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> Then but forbear your food a little while, Whiles, like a doe, I go to find\\n> my fawn And give it food. There is an old poor man, Who after me hath many a\\n> weary step Limp'd in pure love: till he be first sufficed, Oppress'd with\\n> two weak evils, age and hunger, I will not touch a bit.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Go find him out, And we will nothing waste till you return.\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> I thank ye; and be blest for your good comfort!\\n>\\n> Exit\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy: This wide and universal theatre\\n> Presents more woeful pageants than the scene Wherein we play in.\\n\\nJAQUES\\n\\n> All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have\\n> their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts,\\n> His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the\\n> nurse's arms. And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel And shining\\n> morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,\\n> Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad Made to his mistress' eyebrow.\\n> Then a soldier, Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard, Jealous in\\n> honour, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in\\n> the cannon's mouth. And then the justice, In fair round belly with good\\n> capon lined, With eyes severe and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saws and\\n> modern instances; And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts Into the\\n> lean and slipper'd pantaloon, With spectacles on nose and pouch on side, His\\n> youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his\\n> big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble, pipes And whistles in\\n> his sound. Last scene of all, That ends this strange eventful history, Is\\n> second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste,\\n> sans everything.\\n>\\n> Re-enter ORLANDO, with ADAM\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Welcome. Set down your venerable burthen, And let him feed.\\n\\nORLANDO\\n\\n> I thank you most for him.\\n\\nADAM\\n\\n> So had you need: I scarce can speak to thank you for myself.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> Welcome; fall to: I will not trouble you As yet, to question you about your\\n> fortunes. Give us some music; and, good cousin, sing. SONG.\\n\\nAMIENS\\n\\n> Blow, blow, thou winter wind. Thou art not so unkind As man's ingratitude;\\n> Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen, Although thy breath be\\n> rude. Heigh-ho! sing, heigh-ho! unto the green holly: Most friendship is\\n> feigning, most loving mere folly: Then, heigh-ho, the holly! This life is\\n> most jolly. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, That dost not bite so nigh As\\n> benefits forgot: Though thou the waters warp, Thy sting is not so sharp As\\n> friend remember'd not. Heigh-ho! sing, & c.\\n\\nDUKE SENIOR\\n\\n> If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son, As you have whisper'd\\n> faithfully you were, And as mine eye doth his effigies witness Most truly\\n> limn'd and living in your face, Be truly welcome hither: I am the duke That\\n> loved your father: the residue of your fortune, Go to my cave and tell me.\\n> Good old man, Thou art right welcome as thy master is. Support him by the\\n> arm. Give me your hand, And let me all your fortunes understand.\\n>\\n> Exeunt\\n>\\n> Shakespeare homepage | As You Like It | Act 2, Scene 7 Previous scene | Next\\n> scene \\n> ---\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":390,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":241622,"string":"241,622"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make a Tutu"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To make a tutu, start by getting some tulle and cutting it into strips that are twice the length you want your tutu to be. Then, cut a piece of elastic to the same length as your waist measurement and tie or sew the ends together. Next, slide the elastic onto the waist of a mannequin or other object that's about the size of your waist. Once the elastic is secure, take a tulle strip, fold it in half, and slide it under the elastic. To secure the tulle to the elastic, take the end of the tulle and slide it through the loop at the top. Finally, repeat with the rest of the tulle strips until the entire band is covered."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210417055312/https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211214081445/https://www.momdot.com/howtomakeatutu/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417055312/https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211214081445/https://www.momdot.com/howtomakeatutu/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1774,"string":"1,774"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417055312/https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Make a Tutu","passages":["How to make a tutu, a simple DIY on how to make a super easy no-sew tutu dress that works for both babies and adults! If the little girl in your life has been begging for a tutu – you’ve come to the right place! Use my step-by-step (and super easy!) no-sew tutu tutorial to make one or two (or ten!) of your very own.","These no-sew DIY tutus are perfect for dress-up time, a birthday party favor or theme, or even costumes for dance recitals. I see them on 5k and fun run runners all the time – so cute and easy! People all over the world are getting their tulle on! The tutus you can make from these DIY instructions are very full and beautiful – great for quick Halloween costumes, too (I won’t judge).","As a professional crafter, I have made my fair share of tutus. And as a craft site, I am asked a lot on how to make a tutu, so I brought over some information from my tulle site to share with y’all!","Tutus are super easy and fun to make. You can buy nearly any type of tulle and create tutus for all of your costumes! No need to buy a tutu when it’s so easy to make one. Now while this type of tutu is “no sew” keep in mind the elastic needs a small stitch to hold around the waist. Other than that, it’s so super easy to make a tutu, that even my 10-year-old can do it.","I’ve broken down the process to make this tutu into simple steps. This way you can do the whole thing in one sitting or a bit at a time. Scroll to bottom for a free no-sew tutu tutorial guide that you can print.","Tulle Fabric – I love to use 6-inch tulle, rather than big bolts when making just one tutu. This way I only have to cut the tulle to length, not width too! If you’re making for a crowd I suggest buying by the bolt to save some money. If you go that route, you generally have to cut the length and width. You’ll need about 20 yards of tulle to create a full tutu.","Elastic – On elastic width, that’s preference. I find with older girls, the 1-inch width is a good size, but for the babies, you may want something less wide like a 3/4-inch elastic. They cost about $1.20 at Walmart and are in the fabric and crafting section. For an adult tutu, you can get wider elastic, understanding that if you go too wide it will fold over when you add your tulle. I would recommend between 1-1.5 inches wide.","Tulle TIP: Bolts can be expensive at the craft or fabric store, so I highly recommend you purchase a bolt (or two or three, to mix colors) to make this craft. In the height of my tutu hairbow holder days, I only bought online. Make sure you have your tulle ready for this craft because it takes a LOT. Buying it by the bolt is the smartest thing you can do.","It’s pretty inexpensive on Amazon and often with free shipping for less than half what you can get at the craft or fabric stores!","The first thing you need to begin making a tutu is measure the waist the tutu will be going on. No matter whether this is for a baby or an adult, the process is the same. Once you have a waist measurement line, subtract 2-3 inches from the measurement and cut your elastic band.","Your elastic will get stretched out while adding your tulle so if you don’t subtract those inches, your tutu will be too big. Making the band slightly smaller than the waist will make sure it stays put – no one wants a droopy tutu!","Tutu TIP: Instead of an elastic waist band, you can use big satin ribbon and then just tie in a bow. This makes it a true no sew tutu. It’s easy removal...but that’s half the problem...your child, especially if you have a young one, can remove it. Elastic is a lot snugger if you want it to stay on.","I like to do this by hand, as it’s hard on the sewing machine to run the thick pieces through, but you can do it either way. Set your circle of elastic to the side.","Now its time to get your tulle ready! Pre-cut your tulle, doubling the length from what you want the finished length to be.","For example, if you want a 12-inch long tutu, you will need to measure a 24-inch piece of tulle, as it will be doubled over. If you want a skirt that is approximately 20-inches long, your tulle will need to measure 40-inches long.","I like to cut all the tulle at once so I am ready to put together the entire skirt in one go. This prep for your tulle is very important and will allow you to continue moving quickly while creating your no-sew tutu. But I do all the trimming of the ends of the skirt at the end so don’t worry so much about measuring it perfectly","Tip: Tulle comes in bolts and is already folded. Do not unfold the tulle from the bolt. Simply measure the length and cut, leaving your tulle doubled up. You can see an example of how to fold tulle for a skirt OR a tutu hairbow holder here on my video.","This video was made for a How to make a tutu hairbow holder article, but the concept for folding is exactly the same.","Add your elastic waist to a pitcher, the back of a chair, or even the legs of an upturned stool. (see demonstration below).","Create a loop at the center of each cut piece to set up a slip knot with your tulle and slip under the elastic band.","Tighten the knot of the tulle gently – you want the knot snug but not so tight it doubles over the elastic band.","Where you did the sewing of the elastic, it will be a little hard to knot the tulle and close the last few pieces over the top. I always put an embellishment in that area to cover up any discrepancy. A little ribbon bow or flower works perfect here, as you can see on my tutu! Embellishments are a cute addition to a tutu made with satin ribbon, too!","Download free 3 page tutu tutorial guide so you can keep the instructions with you while not on computer! Just click the image below for an instant download!","I hope that helps you when you make your new tutu for your little one! Or yourself. (Remember, I won’t judge!)","Note: this article may contain affiliate links. If you make a purchase using one of these links, I may be paid a referral fee at no expense to you.","Hello~! Welcome to MomDot. My name is Stephanie and this is my little spot on the web! Feel free to contact me here, I love hearing from you!"]},"parsed_md":"Rookie » How to Make a Tutu\n\nThis is an archive. This site is no longer being updated.\n\nIssue 13: Drama\n\n## How to Make a Tutu\n\nFluffffffffy.\n\nMarlena Mayle 09/14/2012\n\nRookie is no longer publishing new content, but we hope you'll continue to\nenjoy the archives, or books, and the community you've helped to create. Thank\nyou for seven very special years! ✴\n\n#### About Rookie\n\nRookie is an online magazine and book series for teenagers. Each month, a\ndifferent editorial theme drives the writing, photography, and artwork that we\npublish. Learn more about us here, and find out how to submit your work here!\n\n## More from Style\n\n * #### How to Customize a Varsity Jacket\n\n05/10/2016 Savana Ogburn\n\n * #### Victorian Style\n\n10/09/2013 Ragini Nag Rao\n\n * #### Rookie Style Nationwide\n\n08/09/2012 Rookie\n\n## More to See\n\n * #### On Returning\n\n08/27/2015 Karisma Price\n\n * #### Looking Around, Not Up\n\n08/19/2015 Briana\n\n * #### When the Closet Door Jams\n\n08/21/2015 Sunny\n\n## Next Article\n\n#### Bad Girls Do It Well\n\n09/14/2012 Emma Straub\n\nWith the amount of tulle that I saw on the moodboard for this month’s issue, I\nfigured it would be not only appropriate but necessary for me to do a tutu\nDIY! While you might not be the type to wear a tutu every day, I think it’s\nalways a good idea to have one on hand just in case you ever get the urge to\nfrolic around in yards of frilly fabric. Or maybe you just want something to\nwear with your Halloween costume this year. Either way, this is a winner.\n\nYou’ll need:\n\n * Tulle (and lots of it). For my tutu I used 10 yards of 54-inch-wide tulle. I think this amount would work best for small/medium-size folks. For larger sizes you’ll probably want at least double that amount. If you want a longer tutu, use wider pieces of tulle.\n * A piece of fabric measuring 5′′ in width and your waist* measurement in length, four extra inches for overlap.\n * A piece of ribbon that’s long enough to fit around your waist,* plus a little extra to tie the ends off with.\n * Scissors\n * Measuring tape\n * Sewing pins\n * A sewing machine\n\n* When I say waist I mean wherever you want the top of the tutu to sit–this could be at your natural waistline, low-waisted, or on yourhips. It’s up to you!\n\nCutting the fabric:\n\n1\\. Lay out all your fabric on a flat surface.\n\n2\\. Measure seven inches in from the outer edge of the tulle with a measuring\ntape. Mark this measurement with a pin.\n\n3\\. From that pinned point, measure and mark another seven inches, and so on.\nKeep pinning each point and measuring another seven inches from it.\n\n4\\. Cut the fabric into strips, using the sewing pins as a guide. The strips\nshould be (roughly) seven inches wide.\n\n5\\. Repeat this measuring and cutting process on all of your fabric until all\nyou’re left with is a ton of fabric strips.\n\n6\\. At this point you’re probably thinking, How the eff am I supposed to make\nall of that look like a tutu? I promise it’s possible! I’ll show you how in\nthe next step.\n\nMaking the tutu:\n\n1\\. Lay out one of the tulle strips and cinch it in the middle.\n\n2\\. Fold the strip in half and form a loop towards the top of it.\n\n3\\. Next , grab your ribbon and place the folded piece of tulle, looped side\nup, under it.\n\n4\\. Weave the bottom ends of the tulle strip through the loop.\n\n5\\. Pull the ends of the tulle up through the loop until a knot forms.\n\n6\\. Continue this knotting process with the all of tulle strips until you’ve\nfilled the entire length of ribbon.\n\n7\\. When you’re done adding all of the tulle strips, tie off each end of the\nribbon to secure the strips in place.\n\n8\\. At this point, if you’re not really interested in adding a waistband to\nyour tutu, you can just leave it as is and use the ends of the ribbon to tie\nthe two sides of the tutu together when you wear it.\n\nAttaching the waistband:\n\nI’m throwing this step in for anyone who wants the waistline of their tutu to\nlook a bit more finished, as opposed to having all of the tulle knots showing\nwhen you wear the tutu. Again, it’s not 100% necessary that you do this; it’s\nreally just a way of making the tutu look a bit more put together.\n\n1\\. Fold your waistband fabric in half and mark the center point with a pin.\n\n2\\. Do the same with your tutu. Fold the whole thing in half and mark the\ncenter point with a pin.\n\n3\\. Line the two pins up. Pin the tutu and waistband together at this point.\n\n4\\. Continue pinning the waist band fabric to the rest of the skirt’s\nwaistline, lining the edge of the fabric up with the tops of the tulle knots.\n\n5\\. Flip the tutu over so the knots are facing you (instead of the waistband\nfabric) and sew a straight stitch right under the knots.\n\n6\\. Fold and pin the raw edges of the waistband fabric over about 1/2′′ to\ncreate a hem, and stitch them closed.\n\n7\\. And finally, tie the tutu on, fluff it up, and enjoy! ♦\n\ndiy tutus\n\nShare:\n\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * Facebook\n * Pin It\n\n### Related Articles\n\n * #### How to Make a High-Low Skirt in Less Than 15 Minutes\n\n * #### Queens of the Neighborhood: A Tutorial\n\n * #### DIY Ruffled Tee\n\n * #### Because You Can\n\n * #### Miss World\n\n * #### Crown of Love\n\n### 48 Comments\n\n * Abby September 14th, 2012 3:16 PM\n\nOMGEE THIS IS AMAZING.\n\n * Sorcha September 14th, 2012 3:18 PM\n\n2 legit 2 quit\n\n * Libby September 14th, 2012 3:32 PM\n\nThis is ace. Never the way I made tutus before (always just got a few layers\nof tulle, folded over a huge hem, stuffed elastic through the hem, and sewed a\nseam down the side) but this is so much better and froofy and perfect. I know\nwhat I’m doing next weekend.\n\n * WinnieB. September 14th, 2012 3:33 PM\n\nThis is so beautiful! Any tips on how I could make it not quite so full? Just\nnot fluff it up as much? I’m afraid it’ll make my hips look super wide... :)\n\n * Marlena Mayle September 14th, 2012 5:54 PM\n\nI’m pretty sure that if you make the strips of tulle longer in length and\nthinner in width the finished tutu won’t look quite as full.\n\n * zombiesockmonkey September 16th, 2012 12:34 AM\n\nI’d try wearing it at your natural waist. That’s how I do big full skirts with\nmy big hips and it actually does the opposite :)\n\n * SiLK September 14th, 2012 3:51 PM\n\nI was just looking for a tutorial that didn’t involve spending several hours\nof my life sewing, woooooo! (Rookie, you never cease to amaze me with how\noften, within a week or so of me hoping for something, you post something that\nanswers my unspoken wishes, should I worry that Tavi not only lives under my\nbed, but can also read my mind?)\n\n * Abby September 16th, 2012 3:14 PM\n\nI’m pretty sure that Tavi and everyone else at Rookie lives simultaneously\nunder all of our beds and in all of our minds.... Just saying...\n\n * Tavi Gevinson September 16th, 2012 3:16 PM\n\nBE VERY AFRAID\n\n * Amy Rose Spiegel September 14th, 2012 4:03 PM\n\nMost amazing!\n\n * darksideoftherainbow September 14th, 2012 4:14 PM\n\nstop. it. now i’m going to be obsessed with this until i make one for me and\none for my niece. i wore a skirt that was almost a tutu to a high school dance\nat the boys’ school (i went to an all girls hs) one time and tho i got some\nstares, it was the BEST. so girly and so fun! THANK YOU FOR THIS NEW\nOBSESSION.\n\n * commedesfilles September 14th, 2012 4:50 PM\n\nMaking tutus used to be my thing. They’re also pretty fun to make out of\ngrocery bags or old newspaper, cut into squares. you attach to the “waistband”\nby the centre of the square. My school never did an eco-fashion day after i\nfound out about that so i could never showcase it.\n\n * MissKnowItAll September 14th, 2012 4:52 PM\n\nCAN I MARRY YOU MARLENA?\n\n * cloeysmiles September 14th, 2012 6:34 PM\n\nCan i please have your shirt? It’s asdkl awesome.\n\n * GlitterKitty September 14th, 2012 6:45 PM\n\nOMG I AM IN LOVE. I have wanted a tutu forever. I am completely obsessed.\nMaybe it’s because I do ballet and hardly ever get to wear a tutu. But this is\namazing and lovely and OMG OMG OMG.\n\nOn another note, Tavi is in the Globe and Mail newspaper! I was very happily\nsurprised! The title is “It’s Tavi’s World” which I totally agree with. Look\nit up online, it’s a good article.\n\n * KinuKinu September 14th, 2012 7:29 PM\n\ni dont think i have ever been happier ever in my whole entire life..........i\nneed to make this yesterday omg\n\n * emilycarolina September 14th, 2012 7:42 PM\n\nYES YES YES thank you. I have to buy tutu’s for ballet class and they’re\naround $50 but now I can make my own.\n\nWhere is that shirt from? I must have it!\n\n * brennachan September 14th, 2012 7:49 PM\n\nBeautiful tutu!! This looks better than most tutus in stores! I’ll definitely\nwant to try this sometime :)\n\n * ballerinableu September 14th, 2012 9:15 PM\n\nI’m a ballerina, and I want one of these just so I can wear it out and not\nhave to worry about ruining a five hundred dollar tutu.\n\n * Ms.SNL September 14th, 2012 9:26 PM\n\nYou have inspired me to make a tutu and dance around like a ballerina!\n\n * ivoire September 14th, 2012 11:07 PM\n\nthis is so sick omg thank u marlena!\n\n * daisyhaneisha September 15th, 2012 12:24 AM\n\nOmlosh- I just made a tutu two days ago!! Defs gonna try this pattern for my\nnext one though.\n\n * Graciexx September 15th, 2012 12:48 AM\n\nthis is amazing! could you wear it as an underskirt/petticoat under dresses to\nmake them fluffy?\n\n * Miarele September 15th, 2012 2:42 AM\n\nI am OBSESSED with tutus and tulle fabric in general. They’re just so\nwhimsical and dreamy and fabulous and and everything nice :DD Thank you for\nthis, Marlena, def. my fav DIY from you so far. I like how you coordinate your\ntutu in the las pic too! :)\n\n * Cookies-Candles September 15th, 2012 2:54 AM\n\nI love this!!!!!! Going to make a tutu ASAP. :)\n\n * tallulahpond September 15th, 2012 3:23 AM\n\nI’m so going to make this in black, with jet beads on. And then march around\nlooking like a gothic ballet dancer. ————– Enjoy the work of young writers?\nCome join us at , for feminist, fandoms and fabulousness. We are the\nTwitettes, 5 young writers who have never met, brought together by the\ninternet.\n\n * aidee September 15th, 2012 4:04 AM\n\nThis is super pretty! marlena you are the best.\n\n * ClaraMaurer September 15th, 2012 1:05 PM\n\nThis is just ... Oh my god , i will do it tommorow\n\n * emilyowls September 15th, 2012 2:48 PM\n\ni wanna make a floor length one!!! too much?\n\n * Mimi7 September 15th, 2012 5:55 PM\n\nWhen I was little I didn’t even take ballet, but I would wear ballet shoes and\ntutu’s around just because they were so pretty :)\n\nThis looks so fun! Thanks for showing it in an easy way, seems like a perfect\nproject for this weekend!\n\n * marengo September 15th, 2012 8:43 PM\n\nOMIGOSH PERFEECT\n\n * Erykaneisha September 15th, 2012 9:53 PM\n\nOmg, that’s hella cute!\n\n * Hannah September 16th, 2012 1:01 AM\n\nI made my tutu, but it’s not as full as I wanted. Should I just buy more tulle\nand add on to it, or is there any other suggestions?\n\n * paige.xo September 16th, 2012 7:33 AM\n\nWow. I love it. I might do this one day in the holidays maybe.. :)\n\n * laurajane September 16th, 2012 4:46 PM\n\nIs it just or do tutus scream Mabel Pines? I’m debating adding one to my Mabel\ncostume for Halloween.\n\n * therealmadeline September 16th, 2012 8:17 PM\n\nOmg I was looking for something that would work for my quenn of hearts costume\nand this is gonna be perfect\n\n * paddyelephant September 17th, 2012 1:13 AM\n\nSOO COMPLETELY AWESOME!! THANKS FOR SHARING!!\n\n * RXLWK September 17th, 2012 6:20 AM\n\n12 years of ballet school and 8 years as an art-goth and I never figured this\nout for myself... YOU ARE BRILLIANT! This is effing awesome!\n\n * Montgomery September 17th, 2012 9:49 AM\n\nLove your diy’s marlena! thanks so much.\n\n * brwnydwrld September 17th, 2012 3:21 PM\n\nahhhhhhhhh where’d you got that shirt?? xx\n\n * Miss Beehive September 18th, 2012 2:39 AM\n\nLOVE your DIY ideas! Can’t wait to get crafty!\n\n * LadyByron September 18th, 2012 3:36 PM\n\nWhat a lovely DIY project!\n\n * Tabea September 19th, 2012 12:52 PM\n\nThis. Is. Gorgeous. (and totally fluffy.)\n\n * LilySew September 24th, 2012 11:30 AM\n\nAhh ~ just made one of these..but i made it with just regular fabrics of the\nfloral and sheer variety. It ended up looking great – not quite a ‘tutu’ in\nthe way of looking puffy – but it still looks so good and it was so easy.\nThanks Rookie :D\n\n * MrsMurphy September 28th, 2012 3:33 AM\n\nI want to make a costume for my daughter that involves a full length tutu. How\ndo I measure the tulle to get the length I desire?\n\n * hellosmith October 9th, 2012 12:25 AM\n\nis it possible for users to favorite a post? BECAUSE I WANT TO FAVORITE THIS.\n\n * Georgia-Lee October 20th, 2012 1:43 AM\n\nI just ordered some tulle online, but it’s only 15.24 cm wide but I brought 22\nmetres of it. Do you think it will still work to make this if I cut the fabric\nlengthwise rather than horizontally?\n\nI just changed my Halloween costume to the white swan (off ‘Black Swan’) so I\nreally need to get onto making it, stat! ~thanks ♡\n\n * -rosieroses- December 10th, 2012 1:45 PM\n\nI really love your t-shirt! Where did you buy it? I am desperately looking on\nthe internet right now haha!\n\nxoxo\n\nIllustration by Lucia S.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417055312/https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Make a Tutu\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"How to make a tutu, a simple DIY on how to make a super easy no-sew tutu dress that works for both babies and adults! If the little girl in your life has been begging for a tutu – you’ve come to the right place! Use my step-by-step (and super easy!) no-sew tutu tutorial to make one or two (or ten!) of your very own.\",\n \"These no-sew DIY tutus are perfect for dress-up time, a birthday party favor or theme, or even costumes for dance recitals. I see them on 5k and fun run runners all the time – so cute and easy! People all over the world are getting their tulle on! The tutus you can make from these DIY instructions are very full and beautiful – great for quick Halloween costumes, too (I won’t judge).\",\n \"As a professional crafter, I have made my fair share of tutus. And as a craft site, I am asked a lot on how to make a tutu, so I brought over some information from my tulle site to share with y’all!\",\n \"Tutus are super easy and fun to make. You can buy nearly any type of tulle and create tutus for all of your costumes! No need to buy a tutu when it’s so easy to make one. Now while this type of tutu is “no sew” keep in mind the elastic needs a small stitch to hold around the waist. Other than that, it’s so super easy to make a tutu, that even my 10-year-old can do it.\",\n \"I’ve broken down the process to make this tutu into simple steps. This way you can do the whole thing in one sitting or a bit at a time. Scroll to bottom for a free no-sew tutu tutorial guide that you can print.\",\n \"Tulle Fabric – I love to use 6-inch tulle, rather than big bolts when making just one tutu. This way I only have to cut the tulle to length, not width too! If you’re making for a crowd I suggest buying by the bolt to save some money. If you go that route, you generally have to cut the length and width. You’ll need about 20 yards of tulle to create a full tutu.\",\n \"Elastic – On elastic width, that’s preference. I find with older girls, the 1-inch width is a good size, but for the babies, you may want something less wide like a 3/4-inch elastic. They cost about $1.20 at Walmart and are in the fabric and crafting section. For an adult tutu, you can get wider elastic, understanding that if you go too wide it will fold over when you add your tulle. I would recommend between 1-1.5 inches wide.\",\n \"Tulle TIP: Bolts can be expensive at the craft or fabric store, so I highly recommend you purchase a bolt (or two or three, to mix colors) to make this craft. In the height of my tutu hairbow holder days, I only bought online. Make sure you have your tulle ready for this craft because it takes a LOT. Buying it by the bolt is the smartest thing you can do.\",\n \"It’s pretty inexpensive on Amazon and often with free shipping for less than half what you can get at the craft or fabric stores!\",\n \"The first thing you need to begin making a tutu is measure the waist the tutu will be going on. No matter whether this is for a baby or an adult, the process is the same. Once you have a waist measurement line, subtract 2-3 inches from the measurement and cut your elastic band.\",\n \"Your elastic will get stretched out while adding your tulle so if you don’t subtract those inches, your tutu will be too big. Making the band slightly smaller than the waist will make sure it stays put – no one wants a droopy tutu!\",\n \"Tutu TIP: Instead of an elastic waist band, you can use big satin ribbon and then just tie in a bow. This makes it a true no sew tutu. It’s easy removal...but that’s half the problem...your child, especially if you have a young one, can remove it. Elastic is a lot snugger if you want it to stay on.\",\n \"I like to do this by hand, as it’s hard on the sewing machine to run the thick pieces through, but you can do it either way. Set your circle of elastic to the side.\",\n \"Now its time to get your tulle ready! Pre-cut your tulle, doubling the length from what you want the finished length to be.\",\n \"For example, if you want a 12-inch long tutu, you will need to measure a 24-inch piece of tulle, as it will be doubled over. If you want a skirt that is approximately 20-inches long, your tulle will need to measure 40-inches long.\",\n \"I like to cut all the tulle at once so I am ready to put together the entire skirt in one go. This prep for your tulle is very important and will allow you to continue moving quickly while creating your no-sew tutu. But I do all the trimming of the ends of the skirt at the end so don’t worry so much about measuring it perfectly\",\n \"Tip: Tulle comes in bolts and is already folded. Do not unfold the tulle from the bolt. Simply measure the length and cut, leaving your tulle doubled up. You can see an example of how to fold tulle for a skirt OR a tutu hairbow holder here on my video.\",\n \"This video was made for a How to make a tutu hairbow holder article, but the concept for folding is exactly the same.\",\n \"Add your elastic waist to a pitcher, the back of a chair, or even the legs of an upturned stool. (see demonstration below).\",\n \"Create a loop at the center of each cut piece to set up a slip knot with your tulle and slip under the elastic band.\",\n \"Tighten the knot of the tulle gently – you want the knot snug but not so tight it doubles over the elastic band.\",\n \"Where you did the sewing of the elastic, it will be a little hard to knot the tulle and close the last few pieces over the top. I always put an embellishment in that area to cover up any discrepancy. A little ribbon bow or flower works perfect here, as you can see on my tutu! Embellishments are a cute addition to a tutu made with satin ribbon, too!\",\n \"Download free 3 page tutu tutorial guide so you can keep the instructions with you while not on computer! Just click the image below for an instant download!\",\n \"I hope that helps you when you make your new tutu for your little one! Or yourself. (Remember, I won’t judge!)\",\n \"Note: this article may contain affiliate links. If you make a purchase using one of these links, I may be paid a referral fee at no expense to you.\",\n \"Hello~! Welcome to MomDot. My name is Stephanie and this is my little spot on the web! Feel free to contact me here, I love hearing from you!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Rookie » How to Make a Tutu\\n\\nThis is an archive. This site is no longer being updated.\\n\\nIssue 13: Drama\\n\\n## How to Make a Tutu\\n\\nFluffffffffy.\\n\\nMarlena Mayle 09/14/2012\\n\\nRookie is no longer publishing new content, but we hope you'll continue to\\nenjoy the archives, or books, and the community you've helped to create. Thank\\nyou for seven very special years! ✴\\n\\n#### About Rookie\\n\\nRookie is an online magazine and book series for teenagers. Each month, a\\ndifferent editorial theme drives the writing, photography, and artwork that we\\npublish. Learn more about us here, and find out how to submit your work here!\\n\\n## More from Style\\n\\n * #### How to Customize a Varsity Jacket\\n\\n05/10/2016 Savana Ogburn\\n\\n * #### Victorian Style\\n\\n10/09/2013 Ragini Nag Rao\\n\\n * #### Rookie Style Nationwide\\n\\n08/09/2012 Rookie\\n\\n## More to See\\n\\n * #### On Returning\\n\\n08/27/2015 Karisma Price\\n\\n * #### Looking Around, Not Up\\n\\n08/19/2015 Briana\\n\\n * #### When the Closet Door Jams\\n\\n08/21/2015 Sunny\\n\\n## Next Article\\n\\n#### Bad Girls Do It Well\\n\\n09/14/2012 Emma Straub\\n\\nWith the amount of tulle that I saw on the moodboard for this month’s issue, I\\nfigured it would be not only appropriate but necessary for me to do a tutu\\nDIY! While you might not be the type to wear a tutu every day, I think it’s\\nalways a good idea to have one on hand just in case you ever get the urge to\\nfrolic around in yards of frilly fabric. Or maybe you just want something to\\nwear with your Halloween costume this year. Either way, this is a winner.\\n\\nYou’ll need:\\n\\n * Tulle (and lots of it). For my tutu I used 10 yards of 54-inch-wide tulle. I think this amount would work best for small/medium-size folks. For larger sizes you’ll probably want at least double that amount. If you want a longer tutu, use wider pieces of tulle.\\n * A piece of fabric measuring 5′′ in width and your waist* measurement in length, four extra inches for overlap.\\n * A piece of ribbon that’s long enough to fit around your waist,* plus a little extra to tie the ends off with.\\n * Scissors\\n * Measuring tape\\n * Sewing pins\\n * A sewing machine\\n\\n* When I say waist I mean wherever you want the top of the tutu to sit–this could be at your natural waistline, low-waisted, or on yourhips. It’s up to you!\\n\\nCutting the fabric:\\n\\n1\\\\. Lay out all your fabric on a flat surface.\\n\\n2\\\\. Measure seven inches in from the outer edge of the tulle with a measuring\\ntape. Mark this measurement with a pin.\\n\\n3\\\\. From that pinned point, measure and mark another seven inches, and so on.\\nKeep pinning each point and measuring another seven inches from it.\\n\\n4\\\\. Cut the fabric into strips, using the sewing pins as a guide. The strips\\nshould be (roughly) seven inches wide.\\n\\n5\\\\. Repeat this measuring and cutting process on all of your fabric until all\\nyou’re left with is a ton of fabric strips.\\n\\n6\\\\. At this point you’re probably thinking, How the eff am I supposed to make\\nall of that look like a tutu? I promise it’s possible! I’ll show you how in\\nthe next step.\\n\\nMaking the tutu:\\n\\n1\\\\. Lay out one of the tulle strips and cinch it in the middle.\\n\\n2\\\\. Fold the strip in half and form a loop towards the top of it.\\n\\n3\\\\. Next , grab your ribbon and place the folded piece of tulle, looped side\\nup, under it.\\n\\n4\\\\. Weave the bottom ends of the tulle strip through the loop.\\n\\n5\\\\. Pull the ends of the tulle up through the loop until a knot forms.\\n\\n6\\\\. Continue this knotting process with the all of tulle strips until you’ve\\nfilled the entire length of ribbon.\\n\\n7\\\\. When you’re done adding all of the tulle strips, tie off each end of the\\nribbon to secure the strips in place.\\n\\n8\\\\. At this point, if you’re not really interested in adding a waistband to\\nyour tutu, you can just leave it as is and use the ends of the ribbon to tie\\nthe two sides of the tutu together when you wear it.\\n\\nAttaching the waistband:\\n\\nI’m throwing this step in for anyone who wants the waistline of their tutu to\\nlook a bit more finished, as opposed to having all of the tulle knots showing\\nwhen you wear the tutu. Again, it’s not 100% necessary that you do this; it’s\\nreally just a way of making the tutu look a bit more put together.\\n\\n1\\\\. Fold your waistband fabric in half and mark the center point with a pin.\\n\\n2\\\\. Do the same with your tutu. Fold the whole thing in half and mark the\\ncenter point with a pin.\\n\\n3\\\\. Line the two pins up. Pin the tutu and waistband together at this point.\\n\\n4\\\\. Continue pinning the waist band fabric to the rest of the skirt’s\\nwaistline, lining the edge of the fabric up with the tops of the tulle knots.\\n\\n5\\\\. Flip the tutu over so the knots are facing you (instead of the waistband\\nfabric) and sew a straight stitch right under the knots.\\n\\n6\\\\. Fold and pin the raw edges of the waistband fabric over about 1/2′′ to\\ncreate a hem, and stitch them closed.\\n\\n7\\\\. And finally, tie the tutu on, fluff it up, and enjoy! ♦\\n\\ndiy tutus\\n\\nShare:\\n\\n * Twitter\\n * Tumblr\\n * Facebook\\n * Pin It\\n\\n### Related Articles\\n\\n * #### How to Make a High-Low Skirt in Less Than 15 Minutes\\n\\n * #### Queens of the Neighborhood: A Tutorial\\n\\n * #### DIY Ruffled Tee\\n\\n * #### Because You Can\\n\\n * #### Miss World\\n\\n * #### Crown of Love\\n\\n### 48 Comments\\n\\n * Abby September 14th, 2012 3:16 PM\\n\\nOMGEE THIS IS AMAZING.\\n\\n * Sorcha September 14th, 2012 3:18 PM\\n\\n2 legit 2 quit\\n\\n * Libby September 14th, 2012 3:32 PM\\n\\nThis is ace. Never the way I made tutus before (always just got a few layers\\nof tulle, folded over a huge hem, stuffed elastic through the hem, and sewed a\\nseam down the side) but this is so much better and froofy and perfect. I know\\nwhat I’m doing next weekend.\\n\\n * WinnieB. September 14th, 2012 3:33 PM\\n\\nThis is so beautiful! Any tips on how I could make it not quite so full? Just\\nnot fluff it up as much? I’m afraid it’ll make my hips look super wide... :)\\n\\n * Marlena Mayle September 14th, 2012 5:54 PM\\n\\nI’m pretty sure that if you make the strips of tulle longer in length and\\nthinner in width the finished tutu won’t look quite as full.\\n\\n * zombiesockmonkey September 16th, 2012 12:34 AM\\n\\nI’d try wearing it at your natural waist. That’s how I do big full skirts with\\nmy big hips and it actually does the opposite :)\\n\\n * SiLK September 14th, 2012 3:51 PM\\n\\nI was just looking for a tutorial that didn’t involve spending several hours\\nof my life sewing, woooooo! (Rookie, you never cease to amaze me with how\\noften, within a week or so of me hoping for something, you post something that\\nanswers my unspoken wishes, should I worry that Tavi not only lives under my\\nbed, but can also read my mind?)\\n\\n * Abby September 16th, 2012 3:14 PM\\n\\nI’m pretty sure that Tavi and everyone else at Rookie lives simultaneously\\nunder all of our beds and in all of our minds.... Just saying...\\n\\n * Tavi Gevinson September 16th, 2012 3:16 PM\\n\\nBE VERY AFRAID\\n\\n * Amy Rose Spiegel September 14th, 2012 4:03 PM\\n\\nMost amazing!\\n\\n * darksideoftherainbow September 14th, 2012 4:14 PM\\n\\nstop. it. now i’m going to be obsessed with this until i make one for me and\\none for my niece. i wore a skirt that was almost a tutu to a high school dance\\nat the boys’ school (i went to an all girls hs) one time and tho i got some\\nstares, it was the BEST. so girly and so fun! THANK YOU FOR THIS NEW\\nOBSESSION.\\n\\n * commedesfilles September 14th, 2012 4:50 PM\\n\\nMaking tutus used to be my thing. They’re also pretty fun to make out of\\ngrocery bags or old newspaper, cut into squares. you attach to the “waistband”\\nby the centre of the square. My school never did an eco-fashion day after i\\nfound out about that so i could never showcase it.\\n\\n * MissKnowItAll September 14th, 2012 4:52 PM\\n\\nCAN I MARRY YOU MARLENA?\\n\\n * cloeysmiles September 14th, 2012 6:34 PM\\n\\nCan i please have your shirt? It’s asdkl awesome.\\n\\n * GlitterKitty September 14th, 2012 6:45 PM\\n\\nOMG I AM IN LOVE. I have wanted a tutu forever. I am completely obsessed.\\nMaybe it’s because I do ballet and hardly ever get to wear a tutu. But this is\\namazing and lovely and OMG OMG OMG.\\n\\nOn another note, Tavi is in the Globe and Mail newspaper! I was very happily\\nsurprised! The title is “It’s Tavi’s World” which I totally agree with. Look\\nit up online, it’s a good article.\\n\\n * KinuKinu September 14th, 2012 7:29 PM\\n\\ni dont think i have ever been happier ever in my whole entire life..........i\\nneed to make this yesterday omg\\n\\n * emilycarolina September 14th, 2012 7:42 PM\\n\\nYES YES YES thank you. I have to buy tutu’s for ballet class and they’re\\naround $50 but now I can make my own.\\n\\nWhere is that shirt from? I must have it!\\n\\n * brennachan September 14th, 2012 7:49 PM\\n\\nBeautiful tutu!! This looks better than most tutus in stores! I’ll definitely\\nwant to try this sometime :)\\n\\n * ballerinableu September 14th, 2012 9:15 PM\\n\\nI’m a ballerina, and I want one of these just so I can wear it out and not\\nhave to worry about ruining a five hundred dollar tutu.\\n\\n * Ms.SNL September 14th, 2012 9:26 PM\\n\\nYou have inspired me to make a tutu and dance around like a ballerina!\\n\\n * ivoire September 14th, 2012 11:07 PM\\n\\nthis is so sick omg thank u marlena!\\n\\n * daisyhaneisha September 15th, 2012 12:24 AM\\n\\nOmlosh- I just made a tutu two days ago!! Defs gonna try this pattern for my\\nnext one though.\\n\\n * Graciexx September 15th, 2012 12:48 AM\\n\\nthis is amazing! could you wear it as an underskirt/petticoat under dresses to\\nmake them fluffy?\\n\\n * Miarele September 15th, 2012 2:42 AM\\n\\nI am OBSESSED with tutus and tulle fabric in general. They’re just so\\nwhimsical and dreamy and fabulous and and everything nice :DD Thank you for\\nthis, Marlena, def. my fav DIY from you so far. I like how you coordinate your\\ntutu in the las pic too! :)\\n\\n * Cookies-Candles September 15th, 2012 2:54 AM\\n\\nI love this!!!!!! Going to make a tutu ASAP. :)\\n\\n * tallulahpond September 15th, 2012 3:23 AM\\n\\nI’m so going to make this in black, with jet beads on. And then march around\\nlooking like a gothic ballet dancer. ————– Enjoy the work of young writers?\\nCome join us at , for feminist, fandoms and fabulousness. We are the\\nTwitettes, 5 young writers who have never met, brought together by the\\ninternet.\\n\\n * aidee September 15th, 2012 4:04 AM\\n\\nThis is super pretty! marlena you are the best.\\n\\n * ClaraMaurer September 15th, 2012 1:05 PM\\n\\nThis is just ... Oh my god , i will do it tommorow\\n\\n * emilyowls September 15th, 2012 2:48 PM\\n\\ni wanna make a floor length one!!! too much?\\n\\n * Mimi7 September 15th, 2012 5:55 PM\\n\\nWhen I was little I didn’t even take ballet, but I would wear ballet shoes and\\ntutu’s around just because they were so pretty :)\\n\\nThis looks so fun! Thanks for showing it in an easy way, seems like a perfect\\nproject for this weekend!\\n\\n * marengo September 15th, 2012 8:43 PM\\n\\nOMIGOSH PERFEECT\\n\\n * Erykaneisha September 15th, 2012 9:53 PM\\n\\nOmg, that’s hella cute!\\n\\n * Hannah September 16th, 2012 1:01 AM\\n\\nI made my tutu, but it’s not as full as I wanted. Should I just buy more tulle\\nand add on to it, or is there any other suggestions?\\n\\n * paige.xo September 16th, 2012 7:33 AM\\n\\nWow. I love it. I might do this one day in the holidays maybe.. :)\\n\\n * laurajane September 16th, 2012 4:46 PM\\n\\nIs it just or do tutus scream Mabel Pines? I’m debating adding one to my Mabel\\ncostume for Halloween.\\n\\n * therealmadeline September 16th, 2012 8:17 PM\\n\\nOmg I was looking for something that would work for my quenn of hearts costume\\nand this is gonna be perfect\\n\\n * paddyelephant September 17th, 2012 1:13 AM\\n\\nSOO COMPLETELY AWESOME!! THANKS FOR SHARING!!\\n\\n * RXLWK September 17th, 2012 6:20 AM\\n\\n12 years of ballet school and 8 years as an art-goth and I never figured this\\nout for myself... YOU ARE BRILLIANT! This is effing awesome!\\n\\n * Montgomery September 17th, 2012 9:49 AM\\n\\nLove your diy’s marlena! thanks so much.\\n\\n * brwnydwrld September 17th, 2012 3:21 PM\\n\\nahhhhhhhhh where’d you got that shirt?? xx\\n\\n * Miss Beehive September 18th, 2012 2:39 AM\\n\\nLOVE your DIY ideas! Can’t wait to get crafty!\\n\\n * LadyByron September 18th, 2012 3:36 PM\\n\\nWhat a lovely DIY project!\\n\\n * Tabea September 19th, 2012 12:52 PM\\n\\nThis. Is. Gorgeous. (and totally fluffy.)\\n\\n * LilySew September 24th, 2012 11:30 AM\\n\\nAhh ~ just made one of these..but i made it with just regular fabrics of the\\nfloral and sheer variety. It ended up looking great – not quite a ‘tutu’ in\\nthe way of looking puffy – but it still looks so good and it was so easy.\\nThanks Rookie :D\\n\\n * MrsMurphy September 28th, 2012 3:33 AM\\n\\nI want to make a costume for my daughter that involves a full length tutu. How\\ndo I measure the tulle to get the length I desire?\\n\\n * hellosmith October 9th, 2012 12:25 AM\\n\\nis it possible for users to favorite a post? BECAUSE I WANT TO FAVORITE THIS.\\n\\n * Georgia-Lee October 20th, 2012 1:43 AM\\n\\nI just ordered some tulle online, but it’s only 15.24 cm wide but I brought 22\\nmetres of it. Do you think it will still work to make this if I cut the fabric\\nlengthwise rather than horizontally?\\n\\nI just changed my Halloween costume to the white swan (off ‘Black Swan’) so I\\nreally need to get onto making it, stat! ~thanks ♡\\n\\n * -rosieroses- December 10th, 2012 1:45 PM\\n\\nI really love your t-shirt! Where did you buy it? I am desperately looking on\\nthe internet right now haha!\\n\\nxoxo\\n\\nIllustration by Lucia S.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":391,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1494462,"string":"1,494,462"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Store Rice Paper"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To store rice paper, start by wrapping it in food-grade plastic wrap if you've already opened the package. Then, place the wrapped rice paper in its original packaging and store it in a cool, dry place. Make sure you use the rice paper before the date specified on the package."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20200814205249/https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210729101138/https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200814205249/https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210729101138/https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":-1,"string":"-1"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200814205249/https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers","passages":["If you’ve ever had a summer roll (or salad roll) from a Vietnamese restaurant, you’ve eaten a rice paper wrapper. They are super thin wrappers traditionally made from rice, water and salt that can be filled with almost anything. Since they are so thin, the wrappers are almost translucent so you can see whatever is inside. They also have a nice chewiness to them.","We’ve most often seen rice paper wrappers wrapped around shrimp, pork, fresh vegetables and noodles. That doesn’t mean you couldn’t wrap them around other ingredients — we have even filled rice paper with bacon, lettuce and tomato for BLT Summer Rolls.","YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: How to make summer rolls filled with bacon, tomato, lettuce and a lime-flavored mayonnaise. Jump to the Bacon, Lettuce and Tomato Summer Rolls Recipe.","Depending on where you live, you might get lucky and find rice paper wrappers sold in the International food aisle of your local grocery or health food store. Otherwise, the best selection will be at Vietnamese or Chinese food market. Online is also an excellent option.","Avoid wrappers that are made with 100% tapioca since they are trickier to wrap. Instead, look for wrappers made with rice or with a combination of rice and tapioca. (By the way, rice paper wrappers should be gluten-free. Some packages say wheat is an ingredient. It is likely an error in translation).","I really like the 8 1/2 inch wrappers since they are easier to work with that wrappers that are smaller/larger.","Look for the Three Ladies brand or one with a red rose on the label. We’ve had great success with these and they are widely accepted as quality options.","If there are multiple options, choose the most expensive option. Rice paper won’t cost a lot anyway, so reaching for the option that’s 50 cents more isn’t too much of a stretch.","Once the package has been opened, place it into a resealable plastic bag and store in the pantry or cupboard.","Rice paper is sold in dried sheets. Before using them, you will need to rehydrate them to make them pliable.","Once rehydrated, rice paper can be eaten as is — like with summer rolls — or fried. Fresh rolls are the most common way we work with rice paper in our kitchen. It isn’t something we recommend you bake with, though. When it comes to frying, rice paper becomes incredibly crisp and light. For more tips on frying rice paper rolls, we recommend reading through Andrea Nguyen’s article.","Wrapping rice paper is easy — just as easy as wrapping a burrito. You will also get better the more often you do it. Even so, they don’t need to be perfect!","I mentioned before that rice paper is sold in dried sheets. To make them more pliable and ready for rolling, you will need warm water.","Add warm water to a shallow dish or baking tin that is wider than the rice paper you are using. Working one rice paper sheet at a time, slide the sheet into the warm water. Leave the sheet in the water for a few seconds — anymore and it will become too soft and start sticking to itself. You are really just dipping it into the water.","Remove the moistened, but still slightly firm rice paper sheet and place it onto a flat work surface. Leave it for a minute or two — in this time the paper will become even more pliable. It is ready to fill and roll when it’s pliable and a little sticky.","Firmly, roll the whole thing up, using your fingers to keep the fillings pushed towards the middle of the roll and tight.","When working with or rolling the wrappers, you might find one tears. If the rice paper tears a bit, don’t worry, just overlap the two torn edges and continue on like nothing happened.","Fresh summer rolls are best eaten straight away, but you can store them wrapped in plastic wrap in the fridge for a few hours. Just keep the rolls away from one another as they tend to stick to each other over time.","If you are storing overnight, you might want to add a layer of damp paper towels before the plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.","I noticed the rice paper we have at our local paper has a bad after taste. Any way to eliminate that after taste?","* Joanne May 2, 2018, 2:48 pm\nHi Chris, I’m not really sure how to eliminate this. I’d try a different store and see if you can find another brand sold in your area.","* Joanne June 8, 2017, 3:03 pm\nHi Ramona, For traditional spring rolls, we love a peanut sauce, although we do not have a recipe for one on Inspired Taste.","A Vietnamese friend taught me to lay a damp kitchen cloth down to work on and use one to cover the rolls while you work if you are making a large number it does help. Her recipe used one red lettuce leaf, rice noodles, Thai basil, cilantro, mint leaves, shreads of carrots, cucumber sticks and chicken or shrimp.","* Joanne January 5, 2017, 1:46 pm\nYes, you can deep fry the rice paper rolls. Since rice paper is so fragile, quite a few people prefer to use wrappers that are labeled as spring roll wrappers (which often have a bit of wheat flour added). These hold up a little easier.","Omg I should have read this site before I put all the rice papers in the water all at once! Very embarrassed now😂It wasn’t so easy slowly separating them, but I managed and they were delicious 5 stars","Just embarking on trying my next burger on a rice wrap. I’m tired of losing all the good juice from a delicious burger (pickles, GF sauce, lettuce, onion). The BLT will be first on my ‘to-do’ list. Thanks for your good work on this subject!","Yes, I also thought this was a great way to enjoy a BLT especially during this hot weather. I plan on taking them to a cookout. Can these be made the night before and stored in the refrigerator? Thank you for your wonderful help. I have never used rice paper wrappers before.","* Joanne July 28, 2016, 4:57 pm\nHi Maureen, Rice paper tends to dry out when left overnight. If you can, make them the day of and then wrap them with plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.","Thank you for this info. I just saw a recipe I want to try but had no idea where to buy the rice paper or really how to use them. Now I do and cannot wait to try the recipe!","Hi, I opened my rice paper rolls a while ago! I put them in a zip lock bag in my cupboard, and recently wanted to make some Again! They’re the exact brand as that. I was wondering if you know if they exprire or not as I can’t read the package! Thank you!","* Joanne December 22, 2015, 1:02 pm\nIf the wrappers were stored in a bag (we like using a resealable bag) then they should last a couple years.","I made theses today and all went well until I put then in a container to store and the stuck together. Any sugesstions for keeping them from sticking together. I rubbed olive oil on my hands and sort of got them unstuck but just wondering if there’s some sort of trick?","* Joanne October 16, 2015, 12:55 pm\nHi Barbara, We’re not sure of any special tricks on this one. Placing a piece of parchment paper in between the rolls or individually wrapping with plastic wrap is probably your best bet.","* john September 6, 2016, 3:08 pm\nI wrap them and leave them whole then wrap lightly in saran wrap. I cut the rolls into smaller pieces just before I am ready to eat them. I even make them the night before and take to lunch the next day. love that little chew.","We are so happy you’re here. We’re Adam and Joanne, the creators of Inspired Taste. We develop the recipes, photograph, shoot videos, and we’re the ones answering your cooking questions. More about us...","My best tips for making mimosas! What’s better to serve at brunch than a fabulous mimosa recipe made with dry sparkling wine and orange juice? Jump to the... Read more","These easy, cheesy baked zucchini chips are addictive. They are perfect for kids and adults alike. We love serving them as an appetizer, snack or as a side... Read more","How to make crispy baked sweet potato fries that are caramelized and on the outside and tender on the inside. No fryer needed here. Consider making a double... Read more","How to make creamy healthy mashed cauliflower in less than 20 minutes. This is easier than mashed potatoes. No peeling! Our recipe makes cauliflower that’s light, fluffy, and... Read more","How we make the best homemade fluffy pancakes. This easy recipe makes pancakes that are light and fluffy and only calls for a few simple ingredients you probably have in... Read more","Easy baked spaghetti made with ground beef, marinara sauce, mozzarella cheese, and a hidden layer of creamy pesto sauce in the middle. Pure comfort! Jump to the Easy... Read more"]},"parsed_md":"How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Browse Recipes\n\n * Recipes by Category\n\n * Recipe Videos\n * Our Favorites\n * Meatless\n * Dinner\n * Soups and Stews\n * Appetizers\n * Side Dishes\n * Breakfast\n * Baking\n * Quick\n * Popular\n * Make Ahead\n * Cocktails\n * View All »\n * Recipes by Diet\n\n * Gluten-free\n * Dairy-free\n * Light\n * Low-Carb\n * Vegetarian\n * Vegan\n * View All »\n * Recipes by Season\n\n * Spring\n * Summer\n * Fall\n * Winter\n * Holiday\n * Thanksgiving\n * View All »\n * Popular Ingredients\n\n * Chicken\n * Pork\n * Beef\n * Seafood\n * Shrimp\n * Salmon\n * Vegetables\n * Pasta\n * Turkey\n * Avocado\n * View All »\n * Recipe Index\n * Subscribe\n\nInspired Taste – Easy Recipes for Home Cooks\n\nBrowse Recipes\n\n * All Recipes\n * Recipe Videos\n * Popular\n * Our Favorites\n\nBy Diet\n\n * Vegetarian\n * Low-Carb\n * Dairy-free\n * Gluten-Free\n * Light\n * Vegan\n\nBy Category\n\n * Make Ahead\n * Meatless\n * Appetizers\n * Breakfast\n * Lunch\n * Dinner\n * Baking\n * Sides\n * Soups\n * Desserts\n * Snacks\n * Cocktails\n * Date Night\n\nBy Ingredient\n\n * Chicken\n * Beef\n * Pork\n * Turkey\n * Mushrooms\n * Seafood\n * Vegetables\n * Pasta\n * Avocado\n * Egg\n * Cheese\n * Bacon\n * Salmon\n * Shrimp\n * Sriracha\n\nCooking Tips\n\n * Temperature Conversion\n\n# How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers\n\nby Joanne\n\n• March 22, 2017\n\n37 comments\n\nHow to buy rice paper wrappers. Plus, suggestions for using them, in addition\nto summer rolls.\n\n## What are Rice Paper Wrappers?\n\nIf you’ve ever had a summer roll (or salad roll) from a Vietnamese restaurant,\nyou’ve eaten a rice paper wrapper. They are super thin wrappers traditionally\nmade from rice, water and salt that can be filled with almost anything. Since\nthey are so thin, the wrappers are almost translucent so you can see whatever\nis inside. They also have a nice chewiness to them.\n\nWe’ve most often seen rice paper wrappers wrapped around shrimp, pork, fresh\nvegetables and noodles. That doesn’t mean you couldn’t wrap them around other\ningredients — we have even filled rice paper with bacon, lettuce and tomato\nfor BLT Summer Rolls.\n\n> YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: How to make summer rolls filled with bacon, tomato,\n> lettuce and a lime-flavored mayonnaise. Jump to the Bacon, Lettuce and\n> Tomato Summer Rolls Recipe.\n\n### Buying and Storing\n\nDepending on where you live, you might get lucky and find rice paper wrappers\nsold in the International food aisle of your local grocery or health food\nstore. Otherwise, the best selection will be at Vietnamese or Chinese food\nmarket. Online is also an excellent option.\n\nTips for Choosing Rice Paper Wrappers\n\n * Avoid wrappers that are made with 100% tapioca since they are trickier to wrap. Instead, look for wrappers made with rice or with a combination of rice and tapioca. (By the way, rice paper wrappers should be gluten-free. Some packages say wheat is an ingredient. It is likely an error in translation).\n * I really like the 8 1/2 inch wrappers since they are easier to work with that wrappers that are smaller/larger.\n * Look for the Three Ladies brand or one with a red rose on the label. We’ve had great success with these and they are widely accepted as quality options.\n * If there are multiple options, choose the most expensive option. Rice paper won’t cost a lot anyway, so reaching for the option that’s 50 cents more isn’t too much of a stretch.\n\n### How to Store Rice Paper\n\nOnce the package has been opened, place it into a resealable plastic bag and\nstore in the pantry or cupboard.\n\n### How to Use Rice Paper\n\nRice paper is sold in dried sheets. Before using them, you will need to\nrehydrate them to make them pliable.\n\nOnce rehydrated, rice paper can be eaten as is — like with summer rolls — or\nfried. Fresh rolls are the most common way we work with rice paper in our\nkitchen. It isn’t something we recommend you bake with, though. When it comes\nto frying, rice paper becomes incredibly crisp and light. For more tips on\nfrying rice paper rolls, we recommend reading through Andrea Nguyen’s article.\n\n### How to Wrap Rice Paper Rolls\n\nWrapping rice paper is easy — just as easy as wrapping a burrito. You will\nalso get better the more often you do it. Even so, they don’t need to be\nperfect!\n\nI mentioned before that rice paper is sold in dried sheets. To make them more\npliable and ready for rolling, you will need warm water.\n\nAdd warm water to a shallow dish or baking tin that is wider than the rice\npaper you are using. Working one rice paper sheet at a time, slide the sheet\ninto the warm water. Leave the sheet in the water for a few seconds — anymore\nand it will become too soft and start sticking to itself. You are really just\ndipping it into the water.\n\nRemove the moistened, but still slightly firm rice paper sheet and place it\nonto a flat work surface. Leave it for a minute or two — in this time the\npaper will become even more pliable. It is ready to fill and roll when it’s\npliable and a little sticky.\n\nNow, all you need to do is wrap. Remember, it’s just like wrapping a burrito.\n\n 1. Place the filling in the middle of the bottom third of the wrapper.\n 2. Bring the lower edge up and over the filling.\n 3. Fold in the two sides.\n 4. Firmly, roll the whole thing up, using your fingers to keep the fillings pushed towards the middle of the roll and tight.\n\nWhen working with or rolling the wrappers, you might find one tears. If the\nrice paper tears a bit, don’t worry, just overlap the two torn edges and\ncontinue on like nothing happened.\n\n### How to Store Fresh Summer Rolls\n\nFresh summer rolls are best eaten straight away, but you can store them\nwrapped in plastic wrap in the fridge for a few hours. Just keep the rolls\naway from one another as they tend to stick to each other over time.\n\nIf you are storing overnight, you might want to add a layer of damp paper\ntowels before the plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.\n\n### Don’t Miss Our Latest Recipes\n\n### Ridiculously Easy Blueberry Crumble\n\n### Our Favorite Caesar Salad Dressing\n\n### Extra Easy Black Bean Burgers\n\n### Ridiculously Easy Bean Salad\n\n### Quick and Easy Salsa\n\n### Quick and Easy Pasta Salad\n\n### Hungry For More?\n\n * Ultra-Satisfying Buffalo Chicken Rice Bowls\n\n * Easy, Fall-Off-The-Bone Oven Baked Ribs Recipe\n\n * Rosemary Gin Fizz Cocktail Recipe\n\n * Incredibly Moist and Easy Carrot Cake\n\n * Queso Blanco Burger Recipe\n\n * Easy Creme Fraiche Dip with Lemon and Herbs\n\n37 comments... Leave a Comment\n\n * Chris April 14, 2018, 1:17 pm\n\nI noticed the rice paper we have at our local paper has a bad after taste. Any\nway to eliminate that after taste?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne May 2, 2018, 2:48 pm\n\nHi Chris, I’m not really sure how to eliminate this. I’d try a different store\nand see if you can find another brand sold in your area.\n\nReply\n\n * Ramona June 8, 2017, 2:09 pm\n\nDo you dip them in a sauce?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne June 8, 2017, 3:03 pm\n\nHi Ramona, For traditional spring rolls, we love a peanut sauce, although we\ndo not have a recipe for one on Inspired Taste.\n\nReply\n\n * Missy Gold February 12, 2017, 11:19 pm\n\nA Vietnamese friend taught me to lay a damp kitchen cloth down to work on and\nuse one to cover the rolls while you work if you are making a large number it\ndoes help. Her recipe used one red lettuce leaf, rice noodles, Thai basil,\ncilantro, mint leaves, shreads of carrots, cucumber sticks and chicken or\nshrimp.\n\nReply\n\n * Natalie August 16, 2017, 12:34 pm\n\nExcellent tip – thanks\n\nReply\n\n * Annetjie Rogers January 5, 2017, 2:43 am\n\nCan you deep fry a spring roll after softening the rice paper, filling and\nrolling it?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne January 5, 2017, 1:46 pm\n\nYes, you can deep fry the rice paper rolls. Since rice paper is so fragile,\nquite a few people prefer to use wrappers that are labeled as spring roll\nwrappers (which often have a bit of wheat flour added). These hold up a little\neasier.\n\nReply\n\n * Annie October 12, 2016, 1:45 am\n\nOmg I should have read this site before I put all the rice papers in the water\nall at once! Very embarrassed now😂It wasn’t so easy slowly separating them,\nbut I managed and they were delicious 5 stars\n\nReply\n\n * Janet September 7, 2016, 7:16 am\n\nJust embarking on trying my next burger on a rice wrap. I’m tired of losing\nall the good juice from a delicious burger (pickles, GF sauce, lettuce,\nonion). The BLT will be first on my ‘to-do’ list. Thanks for your good work on\nthis subject!\n\nReply\n\n * Maureen Donovan July 22, 2016, 1:50 pm\n\nYes, I also thought this was a great way to enjoy a BLT especially during this\nhot weather. I plan on taking them to a cookout. Can these be made the night\nbefore and stored in the refrigerator? Thank you for your wonderful help. I\nhave never used rice paper wrappers before.\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne July 28, 2016, 4:57 pm\n\nHi Maureen, Rice paper tends to dry out when left overnight. If you can, make\nthem the day of and then wrap them with plastic wrap to keep them from drying\nout.\n\nReply\n\n * Karen July 16, 2016, 1:04 pm\n\nThank you for this info. I just saw a recipe I want to try but had no idea\nwhere to buy the rice paper or really how to use them. Now I do and cannot\nwait to try the recipe!\n\nReply\n\n * Lachlan December 14, 2015, 3:49 pm\n\nHi, I opened my rice paper rolls a while ago! I put them in a zip lock bag in\nmy cupboard, and recently wanted to make some Again! They’re the exact brand\nas that. I was wondering if you know if they exprire or not as I can’t read\nthe package! Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne December 22, 2015, 1:02 pm\n\nIf the wrappers were stored in a bag (we like using a resealable bag) then\nthey should last a couple years.\n\nReply\n\n * Barbara August 30, 2015, 8:06 pm\n\nI made theses today and all went well until I put then in a container to store\nand the stuck together. Any sugesstions for keeping them from sticking\ntogether. I rubbed olive oil on my hands and sort of got them unstuck but just\nwondering if there’s some sort of trick?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne October 16, 2015, 12:55 pm\n\nHi Barbara, We’re not sure of any special tricks on this one. Placing a piece\nof parchment paper in between the rolls or individually wrapping with plastic\nwrap is probably your best bet.\n\nReply\n\n * john September 6, 2016, 3:08 pm\n\nI wrap them and leave them whole then wrap lightly in saran wrap. I cut the\nrolls into smaller pieces just before I am ready to eat them. I even make them\nthe night before and take to lunch the next day. love that little chew.\n\nReply\n\n« Older Comments\n\nPrevious Post: How to Make the Best Leftover Chicken Soup Next Post: Roasted\nLavender Honey Glazed Chicken Recipe\n\nWelcome! We are Adam + Joanne\n\nWe are so happy you’re here. We’re Adam and Joanne, the creators of Inspired\nTaste. 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Custom Design by Nina Cross\n\nDo Not Sell My Information\n\n1.4Kshares\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210729101138/https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html","parsed_text":{"title":"My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide","passages":["It's been about ten years since I last wrote a rice paper buying guide and lots has changed. For example, you're looking at my rice paper collection gathered from near and far, purchased from regular supermarkets, Asian markets, and vendors in Vietnam. My collection has definitely expanded since the 2009 post.","Rice paper, called bánh tráng (say \"baan? trahng?\") in Vietnamese, is an ingredient that can confuse. There are many brands as you can see in the photo and many kinds, too!","I hope this updated rice paper buying guide will help you further explore what's available! Let's start with some basics then we'll go into finding and selecting rice paper.","Traditionally, rice paper was made from a batter of slightly fermented rice, water plus salt. The batter was steamed on top of fabric stretched over a pot of simmering water into thin rounds. The resulting rice sheets (similar to banh cuon) were dried on woven mats. The dried rice paper rounds could be stored and then rehydrated to soften and use. All of this explains the thinness of rice paper, the woven pattern on each one, and why you can eat rice paper as is!","Rice paper has changed a lot over the decades and the thick ones made of all rice were frankly, a pain in the butt to soften and use. Over time, manufacturers have added tapioca to the batter to make the result thinner, easier to soften, and more pliable. There's a balance though. Too much tapioca and the rice paper is super thin and plastic wrap like. There's a nice, slight tang from rice paper that's made with a decent amount of rice. The formulation is up to the maker and consumers choose what they want. All of this explains why tapioca is nowadays listed with rice in most regular kinds rice paper sold. (I avoid the all tapioca ones since they are too thin and tasteless.)","People who've gone to Vietnam and seen rice paper made by hand ask me about how to make it at home. Most Viet cooks DO NOT make bánh tráng. It's the purview of craftspeople and commercial manufacturers. We use rice paper too fast to casually whip some up at home. And, it's a labor intensive, special skill. See this post on an artisanal maker in Vietnam.","Many rice paper packages are labeled as \"spring roll skin\" but know that that's a term that's technically applied to Chinese wheat-based spring rolls that hail from Shanghai; Filipino lumpia are made from a similar kind of thin wrapper. Viet rice paper rolls have somehow become known as spring rolls though they're eaten year round!","Some Vietnamese cooks use the Chinese spring roll skins (or lumpia wrappers) to make fried cha gio, which are traditionally made with rice paper. Those wrappers do not contain egg but in English, I heard Viet-Americans confusingly call that style of chả giò \"Vietnamese egg rolls\"; Chinese egg rolls are made from a super thin pasta-like wrapper made with egg and wheat flour. I have a chả giò cookbook from Vietnam and all the wrappers, made with rice or wheat or rice and wheat, are called bánh tráng.","For the rice-based wrappers, I'm sticking with rice paper in English. If I had my druthers, we'd all be saying bánh tráng.","How to find good rice paper? Most readers of this post are not living in Vietnam and (thankfully) the popularity of rice paper rolls has made rice paper available at many supermarkets. Below is currently the brand that I most often see at my local mainstream chain supermarkets (e.g., Safeway), stores like Whole Foods, plus small indie markets.","What's up with the rose symbol? Within the Viet-American community, the leading brand of rice paper for decades was \"The Rose\" brand, which H-Mart online carries. To signal quality, other brands borrow/piggyback on the floral symbol.","If this brand of rice paper is all you've got to choose from, use it! It is fine, though it's thin and requires very quick dip in water. But if your grocery adventures take you into Asian markets, the extra info that follows in this rice paper buying guide will serve you well.","My go-to brand of rice paper is made by Three Ladies, a highly consistent, reputable company that produces and exports Southeast Asian rice and rice products. It contains rice and tapioca and is sturdy yet supple. You'll find this brand at most Chinese and Vietnamese markets, pan-Asian market chains like Ranch 99, as well as online at Amazon and even Cost Plus World Market!","The larger ones shown above are about 8.5 inches (22 centimeters) wide, roughly a medium flour tortilla -- the standard size for recipes. The smaller ones, sold at Asian markets because they're not as popular, are the size of a corn tortilla, in case you want petite rice paper rolls. (The work is about the same if not more because you have to prepare 1.5 or double the quantity to satisfy.)","Depending on where you shop, you may also see rice paper made from brown rice (gạo lức). The Happy Pho brand below is sold at certain mainstream health food stores. The Three Ladies and Twin Rabbit brands are sold at Asian markets, particularly hardcore Viet markets. If you live in Atlanta, head to the Buford Highway Farmers Market, my favorite international supermarket in America.","You use the brown rice paper the same way as the regular ones. The color is naturally brownish so your rolls will be rustically handsome, and you'll get a little extra fiber in your diet.","And if you're shopping in a Little Saigon type of enclave, you may come across some interesting options for rice paper. For example, below is a kind of rice paper by Three Ladies made for deep-frying. I've never tried them for Indian samosas but they're decent for Viet chả giò (fried imperial rolls).","There are clear instructions for using the rice paper on the back that involves mildly acidulated water; that is something I've seen in some Viet- language recipes and haven't decided yet whether or not it makes a big difference. My mom has used this rice paper and she says it's alright. She also uses the regular Three Ladies rice paper for the fried rolls. (I wrote up chả giò frying tips here.)","You may also see super thin rice paper. Usually I stay away from ones that look super thin, feel lightweight, and made of all tapioca, water and salt. This one, also made by Three Ladies has promise because it's not too light and blends tapioca and rice.","These are big ones -- roughly 11 inches wide, super burrito-ish in size. Note the instructions on the back to wet only one (1) side of the rice paper to soften it. I'd use a brush or even a damp, non-terry, dish towel to lightly moisten the rice paper.","If you're really into rice paper, look for it when you're traveling. For a spell, I was packing net-like bánh tráng rế in my luggage from New York back to California. My mom adores how they fry up to a crisp, even though the wrappers are delicate and fussy. This package is several years old and dried out, but I keep them for reference in my office.","Last I heard, these are no longer distributed on the East Coast. I've not seen them on the West Coast. If you see then, let us all know!","I also look for rice paper in Vietnam. In the photo below, the orange-ish ones on the right bottom have chile, green onion and likely MSG; they're super thin and clear, signaling all or nearly all tapioca. I'm not impressed.","My sister Yenchi brought the rectangular ones back from Vietnam. The top one is tissue thin and from Ha Noi; they are for frying and do not need much water to rehydrate.","The Quang Nam ones are very thick and I've yet to figure out what to do with them. You can have a rice paper adventure when you're traveling in Vietnam!!!","The date stamp on the chile-flavored rice papers above signals that yes, you can keep rice paper around for a long time. It's a dried food product, like pasta. Once a package is opened, I keep it in a zip-top bag in my cupboard.","Do you have tips and insights to add to this rice paper buying guide? Do not hold back. Share your knowledge!","Links to Amazon from this website may generate a small amount of income to help support VWK. Advertisements also enable ongoing content creation. Thanks for visiting and contributing to good food knowledge!","I've seen rice papers with sesame seeds. Is there special usage for them? I've never seen expiration dates on the packages of rice papers (or rice noodles for that matter). How long do they typically keep after purchase?","They are a sort of rice cracker. You'd microwave them for about a minute. They can be used for Mi Quang, snacks and other dishes.","Bánh tráng rề is back in NYC! Same exact brand and found it at the same supermarket - it’s $1.75 now.","Hi. I found Sword Fish brand (with a large rose) and it has a sticker on the back: This product can expose you to chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA), Phthalate, lead and other chemicals that are known to the state of California to cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm. Is this a concern, or the usual everything is toxic in California labelling?","I think that's a company being overly cautious. The California labeling has been bugging me lately too. It's on all kinds of things. I've not seen Sword Fish brand and if you got it at a reliable/reputable market, then I imagine they chose their products to not harm customers. Hope that's of help but that would be how I'd negotiate the label vagaries.","I found this article while trying to figure out why the Sword Fish Brand rice paper our local store recently stocked was so different from our usual — Three Ladies. Sword Fish is MUCH thicker and almost impossible to make as transparent and pliable as Three Ladies. And it had lots more imperfections (holes, grain specks, etc.). On the plus-side, in a weird way I liked that it had more of a flavor to it. Tasted a bit like sourdough in my opinion.","Anyhow, I’ll be sticking with the Three Ladies, as long as I can find it here in the suburban Midwest.","Kevin, thanks for your dispatch from the Midwest. Sword Fish brand sounds like the old fashioned kind that required super hot, just boiled water to soften. And we'd still have to wait a bit.","Thanks for sharing. Recently, I bought a brand Bamboo Tree and attempt to make the classic Banh Trang Nuong aka Vietnamese Pizza. However, I realized the rice paper stick to the pan and was unable to provide the crispiness as compared to another brand that I used. I then found out that it contains quite a large amount of tapioca as compared to rice. In this case, would it be more suitable to prepare the rice paper fried or roll it like a summer roll? Please advice.","Wet 2 rice papers together then grill it. That's what a chef told me they do at their Viet restaurant in NY.","You need wide rice noodles for that Thai dish. Fresh is best but otherwise, try a dried brand like 3 Ladies. They should be as wide as pappardelle. Boil them before using."]},"parsed_md":"My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide - Viet World Kitchen\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\n# My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide\n\nSeptember 22, 2019 By Andrea Nguyen\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nIt's been about ten years since I last wrote a rice paper buying guide and\nlots has changed. For example, you're looking at my rice paper collection\ngathered from near and far, purchased from regular supermarkets, Asian\nmarkets, and vendors in Vietnam. My collection has definitely expanded since\nthe 2009 post.\n\nRice paper, called bánh tráng (say \"baan? trahng?\") in Vietnamese, is an\ningredient that can confuse. There are many brands as you can see in the photo\nand many kinds, too!\n\nI hope this updated rice paper buying guide will help you further explore\nwhat's available! Let's start with some basics then we'll go into finding and\nselecting rice paper.\n\n## What is Rice Paper Made of?\n\nTraditionally, rice paper was made from a batter of slightly fermented rice,\nwater plus salt. The batter was steamed on top of fabric stretched over a pot\nof simmering water into thin rounds. The resulting rice sheets (similar to\nbanh cuon) were dried on woven mats. The dried rice paper rounds could be\nstored and then rehydrated to soften and use. All of this explains the\nthinness of rice paper, the woven pattern on each one, and why you can eat\nrice paper as is!\n\nRice paper has changed a lot over the decades and the thick ones made of all\nrice were frankly, a pain in the butt to soften and use. Over time,\nmanufacturers have added tapioca to the batter to make the result thinner,\neasier to soften, and more pliable. There's a balance though. Too much tapioca\nand the rice paper is super thin and plastic wrap like. There's a nice, slight\ntang from rice paper that's made with a decent amount of rice. The formulation\nis up to the maker and consumers choose what they want. All of this explains\nwhy tapioca is nowadays listed with rice in most regular kinds rice paper\nsold. (I avoid the all tapioca ones since they are too thin and tasteless.)\n\nPeople who've gone to Vietnam and seen rice paper made by hand ask me about\nhow to make it at home. Most Viet cooks DO NOT make bánh tráng. It's the\npurview of craftspeople and commercial manufacturers. We use rice paper too\nfast to casually whip some up at home. And, it's a labor intensive, special\nskill. See this post on an artisanal maker in Vietnam.\n\n## Rice Paper vs. Spring Roll Skin\n\nMany rice paper packages are labeled as \"spring roll skin\" but know that\nthat's a term that's technically applied to Chinese wheat-based spring rolls\nthat hail from Shanghai; Filipino lumpia are made from a similar kind of thin\nwrapper. Viet rice paper rolls have somehow become known as spring rolls\nthough they're eaten year round!\n\nSome Vietnamese cooks use the Chinese spring roll skins (or lumpia wrappers)\nto make fried cha gio, which are traditionally made with rice paper. Those\nwrappers do not contain egg but in English, I heard Viet-Americans confusingly\ncall that style of chả giò \"Vietnamese egg rolls\"; Chinese egg rolls are made\nfrom a super thin pasta-like wrapper made with egg and wheat flour. I have a\nchả giò cookbook from Vietnam and all the wrappers, made with rice or wheat or\nrice and wheat, are called bánh tráng.\n\nFor the rice-based wrappers, I'm sticking with rice paper in English. If I had\nmy druthers, we'd all be saying bánh tráng.\n\n## Supermarket Rice Paper\n\nHow to find good rice paper? Most readers of this post are not living in\nVietnam and (thankfully) the popularity of rice paper rolls has made rice\npaper available at many supermarkets. Below is currently the brand that I most\noften see at my local mainstream chain supermarkets (e.g., Safeway), stores\nlike Whole Foods, plus small indie markets.\n\nWhat's up with the rose symbol? Within the Viet-American community, the\nleading brand of rice paper for decades was \"The Rose\" brand, which H-Mart\nonline carries. To signal quality, other brands borrow/piggyback on the floral\nsymbol.\n\nIf this brand of rice paper is all you've got to choose from, use it! It is\nfine, though it's thin and requires very quick dip in water. But if your\ngrocery adventures take you into Asian markets, the extra info that follows in\nthis rice paper buying guide will serve you well.\n\n## Asian Market Rice Paper\n\nMy go-to brand of rice paper is made by Three Ladies, a highly consistent,\nreputable company that produces and exports Southeast Asian rice and rice\nproducts. It contains rice and tapioca and is sturdy yet supple. You'll find\nthis brand at most Chinese and Vietnamese markets, pan-Asian market chains\nlike Ranch 99, as well as online at Amazon and even Cost Plus World Market!\n\nThe larger ones shown above are about 8.5 inches (22 centimeters) wide,\nroughly a medium flour tortilla -- the standard size for recipes. The smaller\nones, sold at Asian markets because they're not as popular, are the size of a\ncorn tortilla, in case you want petite rice paper rolls. (The work is about\nthe same if not more because you have to prepare 1.5 or double the quantity to\nsatisfy.)\n\n## Brown Rice Paper\n\nDepending on where you shop, you may also see rice paper made from brown rice\n(gạo lức). The Happy Pho brand below is sold at certain mainstream health food\nstores. The Three Ladies and Twin Rabbit brands are sold at Asian markets,\nparticularly hardcore Viet markets. If you live in Atlanta, head to the Buford\nHighway Farmers Market, my favorite international supermarket in America.\n\nYou use the brown rice paper the same way as the regular ones. The color is\nnaturally brownish so your rolls will be rustically handsome, and you'll get a\nlittle extra fiber in your diet.\n\n## Specialty Rice Paper at Viet Markets\n\nAnd if you're shopping in a Little Saigon type of enclave, you may come across\nsome interesting options for rice paper. For example, below is a kind of rice\npaper by Three Ladies made for deep-frying. I've never tried them for Indian\nsamosas but they're decent for Viet chả giò (fried imperial rolls).\n\nThere are clear instructions for using the rice paper on the back that\ninvolves mildly acidulated water; that is something I've seen in some Viet-\nlanguage recipes and haven't decided yet whether or not it makes a big\ndifference. My mom has used this rice paper and she says it's alright. She\nalso uses the regular Three Ladies rice paper for the fried rolls. (I wrote up\nchả giò frying tips here.)\n\nYou may also see super thin rice paper. Usually I stay away from ones that\nlook super thin, feel lightweight, and made of all tapioca, water and salt.\nThis one, also made by Three Ladies has promise because it's not too light and\nblends tapioca and rice.\n\nThese are big ones -- roughly 11 inches wide, super burrito-ish in size. Note\nthe instructions on the back to wet only one (1) side of the rice paper to\nsoften it. I'd use a brush or even a damp, non-terry, dish towel to lightly\nmoisten the rice paper.\n\n## Rice Paper Tourism\n\nIf you're really into rice paper, look for it when you're traveling. For a\nspell, I was packing net-like bánh tráng rế in my luggage from New York back\nto California. My mom adores how they fry up to a crisp, even though the\nwrappers are delicate and fussy. This package is several years old and dried\nout, but I keep them for reference in my office.\n\nLast I heard, these are no longer distributed on the East Coast. I've not seen\nthem on the West Coast. If you see then, let us all know!\n\nI also look for rice paper in Vietnam. In the photo below, the orange-ish ones\non the right bottom have chile, green onion and likely MSG; they're super thin\nand clear, signaling all or nearly all tapioca. I'm not impressed.\n\nMy sister Yenchi brought the rectangular ones back from Vietnam. The top one\nis tissue thin and from Ha Noi; they are for frying and do not need much water\nto rehydrate.\n\nThe Quang Nam ones are very thick and I've yet to figure out what to do with\nthem. You can have a rice paper adventure when you're traveling in Vietnam!!!\n\n## How to Store Rice Paper\n\nThe date stamp on the chile-flavored rice papers above signals that yes, you\ncan keep rice paper around for a long time. It's a dried food product, like\npasta. Once a package is opened, I keep it in a zip-top bag in my cupboard.\n\nDo you have tips and insights to add to this rice paper buying guide? Do not\nhold back. Share your knowledge!\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\n« Supermarket Fish Sauce Tasting\n\nJapanese Chicken Meatballs Recipe (Tsukune) »\n\nLinks to Amazon from this website may generate a small amount of income to\nhelp support VWK. Advertisements also enable ongoing content creation. Thanks\nfor visiting and contributing to good food knowledge!\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Shirley\n\nSeptember 22, 2019 at 9:01 pm\n\nI've seen rice papers with sesame seeds. Is there special usage for them? I've\nnever seen expiration dates on the packages of rice papers (or rice noodles\nfor that matter). How long do they typically keep after purchase?\n\n * Tim\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 12:00 pm\n\nThey are a sort of rice cracker. You'd microwave them for about a minute. They\ncan be used for Mi Quang, snacks and other dishes.\n\n * Tiffany\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 12:01 pm\n\nThey're fried to make rice crackers and can be eaten with salads and put into\nsoups!\n\n 2. Lajoieduchant\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 8:48 pm\n\nQuangos nam.....spicy tangy wonton type of dish in a chilli oil sauce of some\nsort?\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nSeptember 24, 2019 at 4:32 pm\n\nWhat is Quangos? I wonder... =D\n\n 3. Lajoieduchant\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 8:49 pm\n\nLol, autocorrect strikes again! Quang nam!\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nSeptember 24, 2019 at 4:32 pm\n\nHa!\n\n 4. Hong-An\n\nOctober 05, 2019 at 8:37 am\n\nBánh tráng rề is back in NYC! Same exact brand and found it at the same\nsupermarket - it’s $1.75 now.\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nOctober 12, 2019 at 7:19 pm\n\nHOOOOOORay! Thanks for the intel, Hong-An!\n\n 5. Chris\n\nMarch 30, 2020 at 3:00 pm\n\nHi. I found Sword Fish brand (with a large rose) and it has a sticker on the\nback: This product can expose you to chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA),\nPhthalate, lead and other chemicals that are known to the state of California\nto cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm. Is this a\nconcern, or the usual everything is toxic in California labelling?\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nApril 14, 2020 at 9:56 pm\n\nI think that's a company being overly cautious. The California labeling has\nbeen bugging me lately too. It's on all kinds of things. I've not seen Sword\nFish brand and if you got it at a reliable/reputable market, then I imagine\nthey chose their products to not harm customers. Hope that's of help but that\nwould be how I'd negotiate the label vagaries.\n\n * Kevin S.\n\nJuly 22, 2020 at 4:44 pm\n\nI found this article while trying to figure out why the Sword Fish Brand rice\npaper our local store recently stocked was so different from our usual — Three\nLadies. Sword Fish is MUCH thicker and almost impossible to make as\ntransparent and pliable as Three Ladies. And it had lots more imperfections\n(holes, grain specks, etc.). On the plus-side, in a weird way I liked that it\nhad more of a flavor to it. Tasted a bit like sourdough in my opinion.\n\nAnyhow, I’ll be sticking with the Three Ladies, as long as I can find it here\nin the suburban Midwest.\n\nThanks for putting this together. It was oddly comforting to think I wasn’t\ncrazy about the difference. 🙂\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nJuly 26, 2020 at 3:47 pm\n\nKevin, thanks for your dispatch from the Midwest. Sword Fish brand sounds like\nthe old fashioned kind that required super hot, just boiled water to soften.\nAnd we'd still have to wait a bit.\n\nYep, stick to the Three Ladies. Happy cooking with your rice paper!\n\n 6. Shu ting\n\nJune 11, 2020 at 1:40 am\n\nThanks for sharing. Recently, I bought a brand Bamboo Tree and attempt to make\nthe classic Banh Trang Nuong aka Vietnamese Pizza. However, I realized the\nrice paper stick to the pan and was unable to provide the crispiness as\ncompared to another brand that I used. I then found out that it contains quite\na large amount of tapioca as compared to rice. In this case, would it be more\nsuitable to prepare the rice paper fried or roll it like a summer roll? Please\nadvice.\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nJune 14, 2020 at 4:22 pm\n\nWet 2 rice papers together then grill it. That's what a chef told me they do\nat their Viet restaurant in NY.\n\nYou can totally use it for fried rolls and un-fried ones too. Hope this helps!\n\n 7. Noel S\n\nAugust 26, 2020 at 8:38 am\n\nWhich brand and type of rice paper sheets would you recommend for drunken\nnoodles?\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nAugust 26, 2020 at 11:56 am\n\nYou need wide rice noodles for that Thai dish. Fresh is best but otherwise,\ntry a dried brand like 3 Ladies. They should be as wide as pappardelle. Boil\nthem before using.\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n##### WELCOME!\n\n###### I'm Andrea Nguyen\n\nAuthor + Teacher + Consultant\n\n### Get Vietnamese Food Any Day!\n\nPreview and purchase it! Thank you for all the positive reviews at Amazon and\nelsewhere!\n\nACCOLADES\n\nNYT Best Cookbooks of Summer 2019 Bon Appetit Best Cookbooks of Sp. 2019 Eater\nBest Spring 2019 Cookbooks Eater Best 10 Cookbooks for Beginners Christian\nSci. Mon. 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Thanks for your\nsupport.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200814205249/https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you’ve ever had a summer roll (or salad roll) from a Vietnamese restaurant, you’ve eaten a rice paper wrapper. They are super thin wrappers traditionally made from rice, water and salt that can be filled with almost anything. Since they are so thin, the wrappers are almost translucent so you can see whatever is inside. They also have a nice chewiness to them.\",\n \"We’ve most often seen rice paper wrappers wrapped around shrimp, pork, fresh vegetables and noodles. That doesn’t mean you couldn’t wrap them around other ingredients — we have even filled rice paper with bacon, lettuce and tomato for BLT Summer Rolls.\",\n \"YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: How to make summer rolls filled with bacon, tomato, lettuce and a lime-flavored mayonnaise. Jump to the Bacon, Lettuce and Tomato Summer Rolls Recipe.\",\n \"Depending on where you live, you might get lucky and find rice paper wrappers sold in the International food aisle of your local grocery or health food store. Otherwise, the best selection will be at Vietnamese or Chinese food market. Online is also an excellent option.\",\n \"Avoid wrappers that are made with 100% tapioca since they are trickier to wrap. Instead, look for wrappers made with rice or with a combination of rice and tapioca. (By the way, rice paper wrappers should be gluten-free. Some packages say wheat is an ingredient. It is likely an error in translation).\",\n \"I really like the 8 1/2 inch wrappers since they are easier to work with that wrappers that are smaller/larger.\",\n \"Look for the Three Ladies brand or one with a red rose on the label. We’ve had great success with these and they are widely accepted as quality options.\",\n \"If there are multiple options, choose the most expensive option. Rice paper won’t cost a lot anyway, so reaching for the option that’s 50 cents more isn’t too much of a stretch.\",\n \"Once the package has been opened, place it into a resealable plastic bag and store in the pantry or cupboard.\",\n \"Rice paper is sold in dried sheets. Before using them, you will need to rehydrate them to make them pliable.\",\n \"Once rehydrated, rice paper can be eaten as is — like with summer rolls — or fried. Fresh rolls are the most common way we work with rice paper in our kitchen. It isn’t something we recommend you bake with, though. When it comes to frying, rice paper becomes incredibly crisp and light. For more tips on frying rice paper rolls, we recommend reading through Andrea Nguyen’s article.\",\n \"Wrapping rice paper is easy — just as easy as wrapping a burrito. You will also get better the more often you do it. Even so, they don’t need to be perfect!\",\n \"I mentioned before that rice paper is sold in dried sheets. To make them more pliable and ready for rolling, you will need warm water.\",\n \"Add warm water to a shallow dish or baking tin that is wider than the rice paper you are using. Working one rice paper sheet at a time, slide the sheet into the warm water. Leave the sheet in the water for a few seconds — anymore and it will become too soft and start sticking to itself. You are really just dipping it into the water.\",\n \"Remove the moistened, but still slightly firm rice paper sheet and place it onto a flat work surface. Leave it for a minute or two — in this time the paper will become even more pliable. It is ready to fill and roll when it’s pliable and a little sticky.\",\n \"Firmly, roll the whole thing up, using your fingers to keep the fillings pushed towards the middle of the roll and tight.\",\n \"When working with or rolling the wrappers, you might find one tears. If the rice paper tears a bit, don’t worry, just overlap the two torn edges and continue on like nothing happened.\",\n \"Fresh summer rolls are best eaten straight away, but you can store them wrapped in plastic wrap in the fridge for a few hours. Just keep the rolls away from one another as they tend to stick to each other over time.\",\n \"If you are storing overnight, you might want to add a layer of damp paper towels before the plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.\",\n \"I noticed the rice paper we have at our local paper has a bad after taste. Any way to eliminate that after taste?\",\n \"* Joanne May 2, 2018, 2:48 pm\\nHi Chris, I’m not really sure how to eliminate this. I’d try a different store and see if you can find another brand sold in your area.\",\n \"* Joanne June 8, 2017, 3:03 pm\\nHi Ramona, For traditional spring rolls, we love a peanut sauce, although we do not have a recipe for one on Inspired Taste.\",\n \"A Vietnamese friend taught me to lay a damp kitchen cloth down to work on and use one to cover the rolls while you work if you are making a large number it does help. Her recipe used one red lettuce leaf, rice noodles, Thai basil, cilantro, mint leaves, shreads of carrots, cucumber sticks and chicken or shrimp.\",\n \"* Joanne January 5, 2017, 1:46 pm\\nYes, you can deep fry the rice paper rolls. Since rice paper is so fragile, quite a few people prefer to use wrappers that are labeled as spring roll wrappers (which often have a bit of wheat flour added). These hold up a little easier.\",\n \"Omg I should have read this site before I put all the rice papers in the water all at once! Very embarrassed now😂It wasn’t so easy slowly separating them, but I managed and they were delicious 5 stars\",\n \"Just embarking on trying my next burger on a rice wrap. I’m tired of losing all the good juice from a delicious burger (pickles, GF sauce, lettuce, onion). The BLT will be first on my ‘to-do’ list. Thanks for your good work on this subject!\",\n \"Yes, I also thought this was a great way to enjoy a BLT especially during this hot weather. I plan on taking them to a cookout. Can these be made the night before and stored in the refrigerator? Thank you for your wonderful help. I have never used rice paper wrappers before.\",\n \"* Joanne July 28, 2016, 4:57 pm\\nHi Maureen, Rice paper tends to dry out when left overnight. If you can, make them the day of and then wrap them with plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.\",\n \"Thank you for this info. I just saw a recipe I want to try but had no idea where to buy the rice paper or really how to use them. Now I do and cannot wait to try the recipe!\",\n \"Hi, I opened my rice paper rolls a while ago! I put them in a zip lock bag in my cupboard, and recently wanted to make some Again! They’re the exact brand as that. I was wondering if you know if they exprire or not as I can’t read the package! Thank you!\",\n \"* Joanne December 22, 2015, 1:02 pm\\nIf the wrappers were stored in a bag (we like using a resealable bag) then they should last a couple years.\",\n \"I made theses today and all went well until I put then in a container to store and the stuck together. Any sugesstions for keeping them from sticking together. I rubbed olive oil on my hands and sort of got them unstuck but just wondering if there’s some sort of trick?\",\n \"* Joanne October 16, 2015, 12:55 pm\\nHi Barbara, We’re not sure of any special tricks on this one. Placing a piece of parchment paper in between the rolls or individually wrapping with plastic wrap is probably your best bet.\",\n \"* john September 6, 2016, 3:08 pm\\nI wrap them and leave them whole then wrap lightly in saran wrap. I cut the rolls into smaller pieces just before I am ready to eat them. I even make them the night before and take to lunch the next day. love that little chew.\",\n \"We are so happy you’re here. We’re Adam and Joanne, the creators of Inspired Taste. We develop the recipes, photograph, shoot videos, and we’re the ones answering your cooking questions. More about us...\",\n \"My best tips for making mimosas! What’s better to serve at brunch than a fabulous mimosa recipe made with dry sparkling wine and orange juice? Jump to the... Read more\",\n \"These easy, cheesy baked zucchini chips are addictive. They are perfect for kids and adults alike. We love serving them as an appetizer, snack or as a side... Read more\",\n \"How to make crispy baked sweet potato fries that are caramelized and on the outside and tender on the inside. No fryer needed here. Consider making a double... Read more\",\n \"How to make creamy healthy mashed cauliflower in less than 20 minutes. This is easier than mashed potatoes. No peeling! Our recipe makes cauliflower that’s light, fluffy, and... Read more\",\n \"How we make the best homemade fluffy pancakes. This easy recipe makes pancakes that are light and fluffy and only calls for a few simple ingredients you probably have in... Read more\",\n \"Easy baked spaghetti made with ground beef, marinara sauce, mozzarella cheese, and a hidden layer of creamy pesto sauce in the middle. Pure comfort! Jump to the Easy... Read more\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Us\\n * Browse Recipes\\n\\n * Recipes by Category\\n\\n * Recipe Videos\\n * Our Favorites\\n * Meatless\\n * Dinner\\n * Soups and Stews\\n * Appetizers\\n * Side Dishes\\n * Breakfast\\n * Baking\\n * Quick\\n * Popular\\n * Make Ahead\\n * Cocktails\\n * View All »\\n * Recipes by Diet\\n\\n * Gluten-free\\n * Dairy-free\\n * Light\\n * Low-Carb\\n * Vegetarian\\n * Vegan\\n * View All »\\n * Recipes by Season\\n\\n * Spring\\n * Summer\\n * Fall\\n * Winter\\n * Holiday\\n * Thanksgiving\\n * View All »\\n * Popular Ingredients\\n\\n * Chicken\\n * Pork\\n * Beef\\n * Seafood\\n * Shrimp\\n * Salmon\\n * Vegetables\\n * Pasta\\n * Turkey\\n * Avocado\\n * View All »\\n * Recipe Index\\n * Subscribe\\n\\nInspired Taste – Easy Recipes for Home Cooks\\n\\nBrowse Recipes\\n\\n * All Recipes\\n * Recipe Videos\\n * Popular\\n * Our Favorites\\n\\nBy Diet\\n\\n * Vegetarian\\n * Low-Carb\\n * Dairy-free\\n * Gluten-Free\\n * Light\\n * Vegan\\n\\nBy Category\\n\\n * Make Ahead\\n * Meatless\\n * Appetizers\\n * Breakfast\\n * Lunch\\n * Dinner\\n * Baking\\n * Sides\\n * Soups\\n * Desserts\\n * Snacks\\n * Cocktails\\n * Date Night\\n\\nBy Ingredient\\n\\n * Chicken\\n * Beef\\n * Pork\\n * Turkey\\n * Mushrooms\\n * Seafood\\n * Vegetables\\n * Pasta\\n * Avocado\\n * Egg\\n * Cheese\\n * Bacon\\n * Salmon\\n * Shrimp\\n * Sriracha\\n\\nCooking Tips\\n\\n * Temperature Conversion\\n\\n# How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers\\n\\nby Joanne\\n\\n• March 22, 2017\\n\\n37 comments\\n\\nHow to buy rice paper wrappers. Plus, suggestions for using them, in addition\\nto summer rolls.\\n\\n## What are Rice Paper Wrappers?\\n\\nIf you’ve ever had a summer roll (or salad roll) from a Vietnamese restaurant,\\nyou’ve eaten a rice paper wrapper. They are super thin wrappers traditionally\\nmade from rice, water and salt that can be filled with almost anything. Since\\nthey are so thin, the wrappers are almost translucent so you can see whatever\\nis inside. They also have a nice chewiness to them.\\n\\nWe’ve most often seen rice paper wrappers wrapped around shrimp, pork, fresh\\nvegetables and noodles. That doesn’t mean you couldn’t wrap them around other\\ningredients — we have even filled rice paper with bacon, lettuce and tomato\\nfor BLT Summer Rolls.\\n\\n> YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: How to make summer rolls filled with bacon, tomato,\\n> lettuce and a lime-flavored mayonnaise. Jump to the Bacon, Lettuce and\\n> Tomato Summer Rolls Recipe.\\n\\n### Buying and Storing\\n\\nDepending on where you live, you might get lucky and find rice paper wrappers\\nsold in the International food aisle of your local grocery or health food\\nstore. Otherwise, the best selection will be at Vietnamese or Chinese food\\nmarket. Online is also an excellent option.\\n\\nTips for Choosing Rice Paper Wrappers\\n\\n * Avoid wrappers that are made with 100% tapioca since they are trickier to wrap. Instead, look for wrappers made with rice or with a combination of rice and tapioca. (By the way, rice paper wrappers should be gluten-free. Some packages say wheat is an ingredient. It is likely an error in translation).\\n * I really like the 8 1/2 inch wrappers since they are easier to work with that wrappers that are smaller/larger.\\n * Look for the Three Ladies brand or one with a red rose on the label. We’ve had great success with these and they are widely accepted as quality options.\\n * If there are multiple options, choose the most expensive option. Rice paper won’t cost a lot anyway, so reaching for the option that’s 50 cents more isn’t too much of a stretch.\\n\\n### How to Store Rice Paper\\n\\nOnce the package has been opened, place it into a resealable plastic bag and\\nstore in the pantry or cupboard.\\n\\n### How to Use Rice Paper\\n\\nRice paper is sold in dried sheets. Before using them, you will need to\\nrehydrate them to make them pliable.\\n\\nOnce rehydrated, rice paper can be eaten as is — like with summer rolls — or\\nfried. Fresh rolls are the most common way we work with rice paper in our\\nkitchen. It isn’t something we recommend you bake with, though. When it comes\\nto frying, rice paper becomes incredibly crisp and light. For more tips on\\nfrying rice paper rolls, we recommend reading through Andrea Nguyen’s article.\\n\\n### How to Wrap Rice Paper Rolls\\n\\nWrapping rice paper is easy — just as easy as wrapping a burrito. You will\\nalso get better the more often you do it. Even so, they don’t need to be\\nperfect!\\n\\nI mentioned before that rice paper is sold in dried sheets. To make them more\\npliable and ready for rolling, you will need warm water.\\n\\nAdd warm water to a shallow dish or baking tin that is wider than the rice\\npaper you are using. Working one rice paper sheet at a time, slide the sheet\\ninto the warm water. Leave the sheet in the water for a few seconds — anymore\\nand it will become too soft and start sticking to itself. You are really just\\ndipping it into the water.\\n\\nRemove the moistened, but still slightly firm rice paper sheet and place it\\nonto a flat work surface. Leave it for a minute or two — in this time the\\npaper will become even more pliable. It is ready to fill and roll when it’s\\npliable and a little sticky.\\n\\nNow, all you need to do is wrap. Remember, it’s just like wrapping a burrito.\\n\\n 1. Place the filling in the middle of the bottom third of the wrapper.\\n 2. Bring the lower edge up and over the filling.\\n 3. Fold in the two sides.\\n 4. Firmly, roll the whole thing up, using your fingers to keep the fillings pushed towards the middle of the roll and tight.\\n\\nWhen working with or rolling the wrappers, you might find one tears. If the\\nrice paper tears a bit, don’t worry, just overlap the two torn edges and\\ncontinue on like nothing happened.\\n\\n### How to Store Fresh Summer Rolls\\n\\nFresh summer rolls are best eaten straight away, but you can store them\\nwrapped in plastic wrap in the fridge for a few hours. Just keep the rolls\\naway from one another as they tend to stick to each other over time.\\n\\nIf you are storing overnight, you might want to add a layer of damp paper\\ntowels before the plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.\\n\\n### Don’t Miss Our Latest Recipes\\n\\n### Ridiculously Easy Blueberry Crumble\\n\\n### Our Favorite Caesar Salad Dressing\\n\\n### Extra Easy Black Bean Burgers\\n\\n### Ridiculously Easy Bean Salad\\n\\n### Quick and Easy Salsa\\n\\n### Quick and Easy Pasta Salad\\n\\n### Hungry For More?\\n\\n * Ultra-Satisfying Buffalo Chicken Rice Bowls\\n\\n * Easy, Fall-Off-The-Bone Oven Baked Ribs Recipe\\n\\n * Rosemary Gin Fizz Cocktail Recipe\\n\\n * Incredibly Moist and Easy Carrot Cake\\n\\n * Queso Blanco Burger Recipe\\n\\n * Easy Creme Fraiche Dip with Lemon and Herbs\\n\\n37 comments... Leave a Comment\\n\\n * Chris April 14, 2018, 1:17 pm\\n\\nI noticed the rice paper we have at our local paper has a bad after taste. Any\\nway to eliminate that after taste?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Joanne May 2, 2018, 2:48 pm\\n\\nHi Chris, I’m not really sure how to eliminate this. I’d try a different store\\nand see if you can find another brand sold in your area.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Ramona June 8, 2017, 2:09 pm\\n\\nDo you dip them in a sauce?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Joanne June 8, 2017, 3:03 pm\\n\\nHi Ramona, For traditional spring rolls, we love a peanut sauce, although we\\ndo not have a recipe for one on Inspired Taste.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Missy Gold February 12, 2017, 11:19 pm\\n\\nA Vietnamese friend taught me to lay a damp kitchen cloth down to work on and\\nuse one to cover the rolls while you work if you are making a large number it\\ndoes help. Her recipe used one red lettuce leaf, rice noodles, Thai basil,\\ncilantro, mint leaves, shreads of carrots, cucumber sticks and chicken or\\nshrimp.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Natalie August 16, 2017, 12:34 pm\\n\\nExcellent tip – thanks\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Annetjie Rogers January 5, 2017, 2:43 am\\n\\nCan you deep fry a spring roll after softening the rice paper, filling and\\nrolling it?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Joanne January 5, 2017, 1:46 pm\\n\\nYes, you can deep fry the rice paper rolls. Since rice paper is so fragile,\\nquite a few people prefer to use wrappers that are labeled as spring roll\\nwrappers (which often have a bit of wheat flour added). These hold up a little\\neasier.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Annie October 12, 2016, 1:45 am\\n\\nOmg I should have read this site before I put all the rice papers in the water\\nall at once! Very embarrassed now😂It wasn’t so easy slowly separating them,\\nbut I managed and they were delicious 5 stars\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Janet September 7, 2016, 7:16 am\\n\\nJust embarking on trying my next burger on a rice wrap. I’m tired of losing\\nall the good juice from a delicious burger (pickles, GF sauce, lettuce,\\nonion). The BLT will be first on my ‘to-do’ list. Thanks for your good work on\\nthis subject!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Maureen Donovan July 22, 2016, 1:50 pm\\n\\nYes, I also thought this was a great way to enjoy a BLT especially during this\\nhot weather. I plan on taking them to a cookout. Can these be made the night\\nbefore and stored in the refrigerator? Thank you for your wonderful help. I\\nhave never used rice paper wrappers before.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Joanne July 28, 2016, 4:57 pm\\n\\nHi Maureen, Rice paper tends to dry out when left overnight. If you can, make\\nthem the day of and then wrap them with plastic wrap to keep them from drying\\nout.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Karen July 16, 2016, 1:04 pm\\n\\nThank you for this info. I just saw a recipe I want to try but had no idea\\nwhere to buy the rice paper or really how to use them. Now I do and cannot\\nwait to try the recipe!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Lachlan December 14, 2015, 3:49 pm\\n\\nHi, I opened my rice paper rolls a while ago! I put them in a zip lock bag in\\nmy cupboard, and recently wanted to make some Again! They’re the exact brand\\nas that. I was wondering if you know if they exprire or not as I can’t read\\nthe package! Thank you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Joanne December 22, 2015, 1:02 pm\\n\\nIf the wrappers were stored in a bag (we like using a resealable bag) then\\nthey should last a couple years.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Barbara August 30, 2015, 8:06 pm\\n\\nI made theses today and all went well until I put then in a container to store\\nand the stuck together. Any sugesstions for keeping them from sticking\\ntogether. I rubbed olive oil on my hands and sort of got them unstuck but just\\nwondering if there’s some sort of trick?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Joanne October 16, 2015, 12:55 pm\\n\\nHi Barbara, We’re not sure of any special tricks on this one. Placing a piece\\nof parchment paper in between the rolls or individually wrapping with plastic\\nwrap is probably your best bet.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * john September 6, 2016, 3:08 pm\\n\\nI wrap them and leave them whole then wrap lightly in saran wrap. I cut the\\nrolls into smaller pieces just before I am ready to eat them. I even make them\\nthe night before and take to lunch the next day. love that little chew.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n« Older Comments\\n\\nPrevious Post: How to Make the Best Leftover Chicken Soup Next Post: Roasted\\nLavender Honey Glazed Chicken Recipe\\n\\nWelcome! We are Adam + Joanne\\n\\nWe are so happy you’re here. We’re Adam and Joanne, the creators of Inspired\\nTaste. We develop the recipes, photograph, shoot videos, and we’re the ones\\nanswering your cooking questions. More about us...\\n\\n### Recent Recipe Videos\\n\\n### How to Make The Best Mimosa\\n\\nMy best tips for making mimosas! What’s better to serve at brunch than a\\nfabulous mimosa recipe made with dry sparkling wine and orange juice? Jump to\\nthe... Read more\\n\\n### Parmesan Basil Baked Zucchini Chips\\n\\nThese easy, cheesy baked zucchini chips are addictive. They are perfect for\\nkids and adults alike. We love serving them as an appetizer, snack or as a\\nside... Read more\\n\\n### Perfect Baked Sweet Potato Fries\\n\\nHow to make crispy baked sweet potato fries that are caramelized and on the\\noutside and tender on the inside. No fryer needed here. Consider making a\\ndouble... Read more\\n\\n### Trending Now\\n\\n### 20 Minute Mashed Cauliflower\\n\\nHow to make creamy healthy mashed cauliflower in less than 20 minutes. This is\\neasier than mashed potatoes. No peeling! 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Custom Design by Nina Cross\\n\\nDo Not Sell My Information\\n\\n1.4Kshares\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210729101138/https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It's been about ten years since I last wrote a rice paper buying guide and lots has changed. For example, you're looking at my rice paper collection gathered from near and far, purchased from regular supermarkets, Asian markets, and vendors in Vietnam. My collection has definitely expanded since the 2009 post.\",\n \"Rice paper, called bánh tráng (say \\\"baan? trahng?\\\") in Vietnamese, is an ingredient that can confuse. There are many brands as you can see in the photo and many kinds, too!\",\n \"I hope this updated rice paper buying guide will help you further explore what's available! Let's start with some basics then we'll go into finding and selecting rice paper.\",\n \"Traditionally, rice paper was made from a batter of slightly fermented rice, water plus salt. The batter was steamed on top of fabric stretched over a pot of simmering water into thin rounds. The resulting rice sheets (similar to banh cuon) were dried on woven mats. The dried rice paper rounds could be stored and then rehydrated to soften and use. All of this explains the thinness of rice paper, the woven pattern on each one, and why you can eat rice paper as is!\",\n \"Rice paper has changed a lot over the decades and the thick ones made of all rice were frankly, a pain in the butt to soften and use. Over time, manufacturers have added tapioca to the batter to make the result thinner, easier to soften, and more pliable. There's a balance though. Too much tapioca and the rice paper is super thin and plastic wrap like. There's a nice, slight tang from rice paper that's made with a decent amount of rice. The formulation is up to the maker and consumers choose what they want. All of this explains why tapioca is nowadays listed with rice in most regular kinds rice paper sold. (I avoid the all tapioca ones since they are too thin and tasteless.)\",\n \"People who've gone to Vietnam and seen rice paper made by hand ask me about how to make it at home. Most Viet cooks DO NOT make bánh tráng. It's the purview of craftspeople and commercial manufacturers. We use rice paper too fast to casually whip some up at home. And, it's a labor intensive, special skill. See this post on an artisanal maker in Vietnam.\",\n \"Many rice paper packages are labeled as \\\"spring roll skin\\\" but know that that's a term that's technically applied to Chinese wheat-based spring rolls that hail from Shanghai; Filipino lumpia are made from a similar kind of thin wrapper. Viet rice paper rolls have somehow become known as spring rolls though they're eaten year round!\",\n \"Some Vietnamese cooks use the Chinese spring roll skins (or lumpia wrappers) to make fried cha gio, which are traditionally made with rice paper. Those wrappers do not contain egg but in English, I heard Viet-Americans confusingly call that style of chả giò \\\"Vietnamese egg rolls\\\"; Chinese egg rolls are made from a super thin pasta-like wrapper made with egg and wheat flour. I have a chả giò cookbook from Vietnam and all the wrappers, made with rice or wheat or rice and wheat, are called bánh tráng.\",\n \"For the rice-based wrappers, I'm sticking with rice paper in English. If I had my druthers, we'd all be saying bánh tráng.\",\n \"How to find good rice paper? Most readers of this post are not living in Vietnam and (thankfully) the popularity of rice paper rolls has made rice paper available at many supermarkets. Below is currently the brand that I most often see at my local mainstream chain supermarkets (e.g., Safeway), stores like Whole Foods, plus small indie markets.\",\n \"What's up with the rose symbol? Within the Viet-American community, the leading brand of rice paper for decades was \\\"The Rose\\\" brand, which H-Mart online carries. To signal quality, other brands borrow/piggyback on the floral symbol.\",\n \"If this brand of rice paper is all you've got to choose from, use it! It is fine, though it's thin and requires very quick dip in water. But if your grocery adventures take you into Asian markets, the extra info that follows in this rice paper buying guide will serve you well.\",\n \"My go-to brand of rice paper is made by Three Ladies, a highly consistent, reputable company that produces and exports Southeast Asian rice and rice products. It contains rice and tapioca and is sturdy yet supple. You'll find this brand at most Chinese and Vietnamese markets, pan-Asian market chains like Ranch 99, as well as online at Amazon and even Cost Plus World Market!\",\n \"The larger ones shown above are about 8.5 inches (22 centimeters) wide, roughly a medium flour tortilla -- the standard size for recipes. The smaller ones, sold at Asian markets because they're not as popular, are the size of a corn tortilla, in case you want petite rice paper rolls. (The work is about the same if not more because you have to prepare 1.5 or double the quantity to satisfy.)\",\n \"Depending on where you shop, you may also see rice paper made from brown rice (gạo lức). The Happy Pho brand below is sold at certain mainstream health food stores. The Three Ladies and Twin Rabbit brands are sold at Asian markets, particularly hardcore Viet markets. If you live in Atlanta, head to the Buford Highway Farmers Market, my favorite international supermarket in America.\",\n \"You use the brown rice paper the same way as the regular ones. The color is naturally brownish so your rolls will be rustically handsome, and you'll get a little extra fiber in your diet.\",\n \"And if you're shopping in a Little Saigon type of enclave, you may come across some interesting options for rice paper. For example, below is a kind of rice paper by Three Ladies made for deep-frying. I've never tried them for Indian samosas but they're decent for Viet chả giò (fried imperial rolls).\",\n \"There are clear instructions for using the rice paper on the back that involves mildly acidulated water; that is something I've seen in some Viet- language recipes and haven't decided yet whether or not it makes a big difference. My mom has used this rice paper and she says it's alright. She also uses the regular Three Ladies rice paper for the fried rolls. (I wrote up chả giò frying tips here.)\",\n \"You may also see super thin rice paper. Usually I stay away from ones that look super thin, feel lightweight, and made of all tapioca, water and salt. This one, also made by Three Ladies has promise because it's not too light and blends tapioca and rice.\",\n \"These are big ones -- roughly 11 inches wide, super burrito-ish in size. Note the instructions on the back to wet only one (1) side of the rice paper to soften it. I'd use a brush or even a damp, non-terry, dish towel to lightly moisten the rice paper.\",\n \"If you're really into rice paper, look for it when you're traveling. For a spell, I was packing net-like bánh tráng rế in my luggage from New York back to California. My mom adores how they fry up to a crisp, even though the wrappers are delicate and fussy. This package is several years old and dried out, but I keep them for reference in my office.\",\n \"Last I heard, these are no longer distributed on the East Coast. I've not seen them on the West Coast. If you see then, let us all know!\",\n \"I also look for rice paper in Vietnam. In the photo below, the orange-ish ones on the right bottom have chile, green onion and likely MSG; they're super thin and clear, signaling all or nearly all tapioca. I'm not impressed.\",\n \"My sister Yenchi brought the rectangular ones back from Vietnam. The top one is tissue thin and from Ha Noi; they are for frying and do not need much water to rehydrate.\",\n \"The Quang Nam ones are very thick and I've yet to figure out what to do with them. You can have a rice paper adventure when you're traveling in Vietnam!!!\",\n \"The date stamp on the chile-flavored rice papers above signals that yes, you can keep rice paper around for a long time. It's a dried food product, like pasta. Once a package is opened, I keep it in a zip-top bag in my cupboard.\",\n \"Do you have tips and insights to add to this rice paper buying guide? Do not hold back. Share your knowledge!\",\n \"Links to Amazon from this website may generate a small amount of income to help support VWK. Advertisements also enable ongoing content creation. Thanks for visiting and contributing to good food knowledge!\",\n \"I've seen rice papers with sesame seeds. Is there special usage for them? I've never seen expiration dates on the packages of rice papers (or rice noodles for that matter). How long do they typically keep after purchase?\",\n \"They are a sort of rice cracker. You'd microwave them for about a minute. They can be used for Mi Quang, snacks and other dishes.\",\n \"Bánh tráng rề is back in NYC! Same exact brand and found it at the same supermarket - it’s $1.75 now.\",\n \"Hi. I found Sword Fish brand (with a large rose) and it has a sticker on the back: This product can expose you to chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA), Phthalate, lead and other chemicals that are known to the state of California to cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm. Is this a concern, or the usual everything is toxic in California labelling?\",\n \"I think that's a company being overly cautious. The California labeling has been bugging me lately too. It's on all kinds of things. I've not seen Sword Fish brand and if you got it at a reliable/reputable market, then I imagine they chose their products to not harm customers. Hope that's of help but that would be how I'd negotiate the label vagaries.\",\n \"I found this article while trying to figure out why the Sword Fish Brand rice paper our local store recently stocked was so different from our usual — Three Ladies. Sword Fish is MUCH thicker and almost impossible to make as transparent and pliable as Three Ladies. And it had lots more imperfections (holes, grain specks, etc.). On the plus-side, in a weird way I liked that it had more of a flavor to it. Tasted a bit like sourdough in my opinion.\",\n \"Anyhow, I’ll be sticking with the Three Ladies, as long as I can find it here in the suburban Midwest.\",\n \"Kevin, thanks for your dispatch from the Midwest. Sword Fish brand sounds like the old fashioned kind that required super hot, just boiled water to soften. And we'd still have to wait a bit.\",\n \"Thanks for sharing. Recently, I bought a brand Bamboo Tree and attempt to make the classic Banh Trang Nuong aka Vietnamese Pizza. However, I realized the rice paper stick to the pan and was unable to provide the crispiness as compared to another brand that I used. I then found out that it contains quite a large amount of tapioca as compared to rice. In this case, would it be more suitable to prepare the rice paper fried or roll it like a summer roll? Please advice.\",\n \"Wet 2 rice papers together then grill it. That's what a chef told me they do at their Viet restaurant in NY.\",\n \"You need wide rice noodles for that Thai dish. Fresh is best but otherwise, try a dried brand like 3 Ladies. They should be as wide as pappardelle. Boil them before using.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide - Viet World Kitchen\\n\\n * Skip to primary navigation\\n * Skip to main content\\n * Skip to primary sidebar\\n\\n# My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide\\n\\nSeptember 22, 2019 By Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nPinterest\\n\\nIt's been about ten years since I last wrote a rice paper buying guide and\\nlots has changed. For example, you're looking at my rice paper collection\\ngathered from near and far, purchased from regular supermarkets, Asian\\nmarkets, and vendors in Vietnam. My collection has definitely expanded since\\nthe 2009 post.\\n\\nRice paper, called bánh tráng (say \\\"baan? trahng?\\\") in Vietnamese, is an\\ningredient that can confuse. There are many brands as you can see in the photo\\nand many kinds, too!\\n\\nI hope this updated rice paper buying guide will help you further explore\\nwhat's available! Let's start with some basics then we'll go into finding and\\nselecting rice paper.\\n\\n## What is Rice Paper Made of?\\n\\nTraditionally, rice paper was made from a batter of slightly fermented rice,\\nwater plus salt. The batter was steamed on top of fabric stretched over a pot\\nof simmering water into thin rounds. The resulting rice sheets (similar to\\nbanh cuon) were dried on woven mats. The dried rice paper rounds could be\\nstored and then rehydrated to soften and use. All of this explains the\\nthinness of rice paper, the woven pattern on each one, and why you can eat\\nrice paper as is!\\n\\nRice paper has changed a lot over the decades and the thick ones made of all\\nrice were frankly, a pain in the butt to soften and use. Over time,\\nmanufacturers have added tapioca to the batter to make the result thinner,\\neasier to soften, and more pliable. There's a balance though. Too much tapioca\\nand the rice paper is super thin and plastic wrap like. There's a nice, slight\\ntang from rice paper that's made with a decent amount of rice. The formulation\\nis up to the maker and consumers choose what they want. All of this explains\\nwhy tapioca is nowadays listed with rice in most regular kinds rice paper\\nsold. (I avoid the all tapioca ones since they are too thin and tasteless.)\\n\\nPeople who've gone to Vietnam and seen rice paper made by hand ask me about\\nhow to make it at home. Most Viet cooks DO NOT make bánh tráng. It's the\\npurview of craftspeople and commercial manufacturers. We use rice paper too\\nfast to casually whip some up at home. And, it's a labor intensive, special\\nskill. See this post on an artisanal maker in Vietnam.\\n\\n## Rice Paper vs. Spring Roll Skin\\n\\nMany rice paper packages are labeled as \\\"spring roll skin\\\" but know that\\nthat's a term that's technically applied to Chinese wheat-based spring rolls\\nthat hail from Shanghai; Filipino lumpia are made from a similar kind of thin\\nwrapper. Viet rice paper rolls have somehow become known as spring rolls\\nthough they're eaten year round!\\n\\nSome Vietnamese cooks use the Chinese spring roll skins (or lumpia wrappers)\\nto make fried cha gio, which are traditionally made with rice paper. Those\\nwrappers do not contain egg but in English, I heard Viet-Americans confusingly\\ncall that style of chả giò \\\"Vietnamese egg rolls\\\"; Chinese egg rolls are made\\nfrom a super thin pasta-like wrapper made with egg and wheat flour. I have a\\nchả giò cookbook from Vietnam and all the wrappers, made with rice or wheat or\\nrice and wheat, are called bánh tráng.\\n\\nFor the rice-based wrappers, I'm sticking with rice paper in English. If I had\\nmy druthers, we'd all be saying bánh tráng.\\n\\n## Supermarket Rice Paper\\n\\nHow to find good rice paper? Most readers of this post are not living in\\nVietnam and (thankfully) the popularity of rice paper rolls has made rice\\npaper available at many supermarkets. Below is currently the brand that I most\\noften see at my local mainstream chain supermarkets (e.g., Safeway), stores\\nlike Whole Foods, plus small indie markets.\\n\\nWhat's up with the rose symbol? Within the Viet-American community, the\\nleading brand of rice paper for decades was \\\"The Rose\\\" brand, which H-Mart\\nonline carries. To signal quality, other brands borrow/piggyback on the floral\\nsymbol.\\n\\nIf this brand of rice paper is all you've got to choose from, use it! It is\\nfine, though it's thin and requires very quick dip in water. But if your\\ngrocery adventures take you into Asian markets, the extra info that follows in\\nthis rice paper buying guide will serve you well.\\n\\n## Asian Market Rice Paper\\n\\nMy go-to brand of rice paper is made by Three Ladies, a highly consistent,\\nreputable company that produces and exports Southeast Asian rice and rice\\nproducts. It contains rice and tapioca and is sturdy yet supple. You'll find\\nthis brand at most Chinese and Vietnamese markets, pan-Asian market chains\\nlike Ranch 99, as well as online at Amazon and even Cost Plus World Market!\\n\\nThe larger ones shown above are about 8.5 inches (22 centimeters) wide,\\nroughly a medium flour tortilla -- the standard size for recipes. The smaller\\nones, sold at Asian markets because they're not as popular, are the size of a\\ncorn tortilla, in case you want petite rice paper rolls. (The work is about\\nthe same if not more because you have to prepare 1.5 or double the quantity to\\nsatisfy.)\\n\\n## Brown Rice Paper\\n\\nDepending on where you shop, you may also see rice paper made from brown rice\\n(gạo lức). The Happy Pho brand below is sold at certain mainstream health food\\nstores. The Three Ladies and Twin Rabbit brands are sold at Asian markets,\\nparticularly hardcore Viet markets. If you live in Atlanta, head to the Buford\\nHighway Farmers Market, my favorite international supermarket in America.\\n\\nYou use the brown rice paper the same way as the regular ones. The color is\\nnaturally brownish so your rolls will be rustically handsome, and you'll get a\\nlittle extra fiber in your diet.\\n\\n## Specialty Rice Paper at Viet Markets\\n\\nAnd if you're shopping in a Little Saigon type of enclave, you may come across\\nsome interesting options for rice paper. For example, below is a kind of rice\\npaper by Three Ladies made for deep-frying. I've never tried them for Indian\\nsamosas but they're decent for Viet chả giò (fried imperial rolls).\\n\\nThere are clear instructions for using the rice paper on the back that\\ninvolves mildly acidulated water; that is something I've seen in some Viet-\\nlanguage recipes and haven't decided yet whether or not it makes a big\\ndifference. My mom has used this rice paper and she says it's alright. She\\nalso uses the regular Three Ladies rice paper for the fried rolls. (I wrote up\\nchả giò frying tips here.)\\n\\nYou may also see super thin rice paper. Usually I stay away from ones that\\nlook super thin, feel lightweight, and made of all tapioca, water and salt.\\nThis one, also made by Three Ladies has promise because it's not too light and\\nblends tapioca and rice.\\n\\nThese are big ones -- roughly 11 inches wide, super burrito-ish in size. Note\\nthe instructions on the back to wet only one (1) side of the rice paper to\\nsoften it. I'd use a brush or even a damp, non-terry, dish towel to lightly\\nmoisten the rice paper.\\n\\n## Rice Paper Tourism\\n\\nIf you're really into rice paper, look for it when you're traveling. For a\\nspell, I was packing net-like bánh tráng rế in my luggage from New York back\\nto California. My mom adores how they fry up to a crisp, even though the\\nwrappers are delicate and fussy. This package is several years old and dried\\nout, but I keep them for reference in my office.\\n\\nLast I heard, these are no longer distributed on the East Coast. I've not seen\\nthem on the West Coast. If you see then, let us all know!\\n\\nI also look for rice paper in Vietnam. In the photo below, the orange-ish ones\\non the right bottom have chile, green onion and likely MSG; they're super thin\\nand clear, signaling all or nearly all tapioca. I'm not impressed.\\n\\nMy sister Yenchi brought the rectangular ones back from Vietnam. The top one\\nis tissue thin and from Ha Noi; they are for frying and do not need much water\\nto rehydrate.\\n\\nThe Quang Nam ones are very thick and I've yet to figure out what to do with\\nthem. You can have a rice paper adventure when you're traveling in Vietnam!!!\\n\\n## How to Store Rice Paper\\n\\nThe date stamp on the chile-flavored rice papers above signals that yes, you\\ncan keep rice paper around for a long time. It's a dried food product, like\\npasta. Once a package is opened, I keep it in a zip-top bag in my cupboard.\\n\\nDo you have tips and insights to add to this rice paper buying guide? Do not\\nhold back. Share your knowledge!\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nTwitter\\n\\nPinterest\\n\\n« Supermarket Fish Sauce Tasting\\n\\nJapanese Chicken Meatballs Recipe (Tsukune) »\\n\\nLinks to Amazon from this website may generate a small amount of income to\\nhelp support VWK. Advertisements also enable ongoing content creation. Thanks\\nfor visiting and contributing to good food knowledge!\\n\\n## Reader Interactions\\n\\n### Comments\\n\\n 1. Shirley\\n\\nSeptember 22, 2019 at 9:01 pm\\n\\nI've seen rice papers with sesame seeds. Is there special usage for them? I've\\nnever seen expiration dates on the packages of rice papers (or rice noodles\\nfor that matter). How long do they typically keep after purchase?\\n\\n * Tim\\n\\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 12:00 pm\\n\\nThey are a sort of rice cracker. You'd microwave them for about a minute. They\\ncan be used for Mi Quang, snacks and other dishes.\\n\\n * Tiffany\\n\\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 12:01 pm\\n\\nThey're fried to make rice crackers and can be eaten with salads and put into\\nsoups!\\n\\n 2. Lajoieduchant\\n\\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 8:48 pm\\n\\nQuangos nam.....spicy tangy wonton type of dish in a chilli oil sauce of some\\nsort?\\n\\n * Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nSeptember 24, 2019 at 4:32 pm\\n\\nWhat is Quangos? I wonder... =D\\n\\n 3. Lajoieduchant\\n\\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 8:49 pm\\n\\nLol, autocorrect strikes again! Quang nam!\\n\\n * Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nSeptember 24, 2019 at 4:32 pm\\n\\nHa!\\n\\n 4. Hong-An\\n\\nOctober 05, 2019 at 8:37 am\\n\\nBánh tráng rề is back in NYC! Same exact brand and found it at the same\\nsupermarket - it’s $1.75 now.\\n\\n * Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nOctober 12, 2019 at 7:19 pm\\n\\nHOOOOOORay! Thanks for the intel, Hong-An!\\n\\n 5. Chris\\n\\nMarch 30, 2020 at 3:00 pm\\n\\nHi. I found Sword Fish brand (with a large rose) and it has a sticker on the\\nback: This product can expose you to chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA),\\nPhthalate, lead and other chemicals that are known to the state of California\\nto cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm. Is this a\\nconcern, or the usual everything is toxic in California labelling?\\n\\n * Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nApril 14, 2020 at 9:56 pm\\n\\nI think that's a company being overly cautious. The California labeling has\\nbeen bugging me lately too. It's on all kinds of things. I've not seen Sword\\nFish brand and if you got it at a reliable/reputable market, then I imagine\\nthey chose their products to not harm customers. Hope that's of help but that\\nwould be how I'd negotiate the label vagaries.\\n\\n * Kevin S.\\n\\nJuly 22, 2020 at 4:44 pm\\n\\nI found this article while trying to figure out why the Sword Fish Brand rice\\npaper our local store recently stocked was so different from our usual — Three\\nLadies. Sword Fish is MUCH thicker and almost impossible to make as\\ntransparent and pliable as Three Ladies. And it had lots more imperfections\\n(holes, grain specks, etc.). On the plus-side, in a weird way I liked that it\\nhad more of a flavor to it. Tasted a bit like sourdough in my opinion.\\n\\nAnyhow, I’ll be sticking with the Three Ladies, as long as I can find it here\\nin the suburban Midwest.\\n\\nThanks for putting this together. It was oddly comforting to think I wasn’t\\ncrazy about the difference. 🙂\\n\\n * Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nJuly 26, 2020 at 3:47 pm\\n\\nKevin, thanks for your dispatch from the Midwest. Sword Fish brand sounds like\\nthe old fashioned kind that required super hot, just boiled water to soften.\\nAnd we'd still have to wait a bit.\\n\\nYep, stick to the Three Ladies. Happy cooking with your rice paper!\\n\\n 6. Shu ting\\n\\nJune 11, 2020 at 1:40 am\\n\\nThanks for sharing. Recently, I bought a brand Bamboo Tree and attempt to make\\nthe classic Banh Trang Nuong aka Vietnamese Pizza. However, I realized the\\nrice paper stick to the pan and was unable to provide the crispiness as\\ncompared to another brand that I used. I then found out that it contains quite\\na large amount of tapioca as compared to rice. In this case, would it be more\\nsuitable to prepare the rice paper fried or roll it like a summer roll? Please\\nadvice.\\n\\n * Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nJune 14, 2020 at 4:22 pm\\n\\nWet 2 rice papers together then grill it. That's what a chef told me they do\\nat their Viet restaurant in NY.\\n\\nYou can totally use it for fried rolls and un-fried ones too. Hope this helps!\\n\\n 7. Noel S\\n\\nAugust 26, 2020 at 8:38 am\\n\\nWhich brand and type of rice paper sheets would you recommend for drunken\\nnoodles?\\n\\n * Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nAugust 26, 2020 at 11:56 am\\n\\nYou need wide rice noodles for that Thai dish. Fresh is best but otherwise,\\ntry a dried brand like 3 Ladies. They should be as wide as pappardelle. Boil\\nthem before using.\\n\\n## Primary Sidebar\\n\\n##### WELCOME!\\n\\n###### I'm Andrea Nguyen\\n\\nAuthor + Teacher + Consultant\\n\\n### Get Vietnamese Food Any Day!\\n\\nPreview and purchase it! Thank you for all the positive reviews at Amazon and\\nelsewhere!\\n\\nACCOLADES\\n\\nNYT Best Cookbooks of Summer 2019 Bon Appetit Best Cookbooks of Sp. 2019 Eater\\nBest Spring 2019 Cookbooks Eater Best 10 Cookbooks for Beginners Christian\\nSci. Mon. Best 2019 Cookbooks Milk Street Kitchen Best Cookbook Gifts SF\\nChronicle Favorite Cookbooks Library Journal Best 2019 Cookbooks Epicurious\\nBest Cookbooks Gifts Here and Now Best 2019 Cookbooks NPR Best 2019 Cookbooks\\nFood52 Best 2019 Cookbooks\\n\\nMEDIA COVERAGE\\n\\nFood & Wine, James Beard Foundation, Washington Post, Hallmark's Home and\\nFamily, Milk Street, San Francisco Magazine, London Times, NYT Front Burner,\\nFine Cooking, KCRW Good Food, San Jose Mercury News, Epoch Times, Splendid\\nTable, Atlanta Journal Constitution, Dinner Sisters, Food Gal, San Diego\\nTribune, Good Appetite (NY Times), Codeswitch (NPR), Appetites (MPR), KUOW\\n(Seattle Public Radio), Saveur, Wall Street Journal, Salt and Spine, Milk\\nStreet Kitchen Radio, Food52 Genius Recipes, Bon Appetit Basically\\n\\nCOOKING VIDEOS!\\n\\nMunchies, Google Talks , Food & Wine\\n\\n### Events + Classes\\n\\nViet Home Cooking Virtual Class March 10, 2021 Milk Street Kitchen\\n\\nSign up for the newsletter to be kept informed.\\n\\n### What's up at VWK?\\n\\n## Vietnamese Food Any Day Cookbook Preview!\\n\\n## Green Beans with Homemade Black Bean Sauce Recipe\\n\\n## Filipino Mung Bean Stew Recipe (Munggo)\\n\\n## Chinese Spiced Potato Salad Recipe (Qiangban Tudousi)\\n\\n### Pho-Nomenal Accolades\\n\\nTHANK YOU FOR ALL THE POSITIVE REVIEWS AT AMAZON AND ELSEWHERE!\\n\\nSUBSCRIBE to my recipes, posts + newsletter!\\n\\n## Footer\\n\\n↑ back to top\\n\\n### About\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Events + Classes\\n\\n### Newsletter\\n\\n * Sign Up! for emails and updates\\n\\n### Contact\\n\\n * About Andrea Nguyen\\n * Contact\\n * Permission + Credit\\n\\nAs an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Thanks for your\\nsupport.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":392,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":51081,"string":"51,081"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Build a Cornhole Game"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To build a cornhole game, start by cutting the top board to be 24 by 48 inches. Next, measure 12 inches from one side and 9 inches from the end to mark the spot for the hole. Use a compass to draw a circle with a 6-inch diameter where you marked the board and use a saw to cut out the circle. Then, cut the wood to create the frame and use a drill to attach the top board to the frame. Finally, build and attach 2 legs to the underside of the board."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210416132334/http://www.cornholehowto.com/sew-up-some-bags/how-to-sew/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211201204158/https://www.cornholehowto.com/build-them-boards/dimensions/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190619220740/https://www.cornholehowto.com/paint-em-nice/how-to-paint/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200214050035/http://www.cornholehowto.com:80/build-them-boards/how-to-build/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416132334/http://www.cornholehowto.com/sew-up-some-bags/how-to-sew/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211201204158/https://www.cornholehowto.com/build-them-boards/dimensions/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190619220740/https://www.cornholehowto.com/paint-em-nice/how-to-paint/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200214050035/http://www.cornholehowto.com:80/build-them-boards/how-to-build/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":338,"string":"338"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://www.cornholehowto.com/sew-up-some-bags/how-to-sew/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416132334/http://www.cornholehowto.com/sew-up-some-bags/how-to-sew/","parsed_text":{"title":"","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.cornholehowto.com/build-them-boards/dimensions/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211201204158/https://www.cornholehowto.com/build-them-boards/dimensions/","parsed_text":{"title":"Cornhole How To","passages":["Without a doubt, one of the hidden joys in life is a well-painted cornhole set. However, painting can be a real pain if you’re pretty new at it. The key is to be meticulous and patient. If that turns you off, don’t worry, it’s not that bad once you get the hang of it. Just don’t take any shortcuts unless you’re certain of the results. This is how we painted the basic design on our cornhole tables. Your design might be quite different, but hopefully you can use some of the same techniques to get there.","The first step is to fill all the holes and defects you created while building your cornhole boards (screw holes, knot holes, etc.). Use a putty knife or something of the sort to push wood filler into any holes, cracks, etc. on your board. You can even fill in the gap between the plywood surface and 2×4 frame. Don’t worry about over filling it because the wood filler sands down very easily after it has set up.","As you can see we had multiple spots on our boards that needed filling. Be sure to allow the filler to set up according to the instructions that came with your product.","Next sand your cornhole tables smooth. An electric sander will save you a lot of time here. Medium-grit sandpaper should do the trick. If you’ve got the time sand it with varying grits of sandpaper (coarse -> medium -> fine).","Sand down any small discrepancies you have on the sides of your table where all the different pieces of wood come together. Try not to alter the plywood surface too much.","Once all your surfaces are smooth you can lightly sand down any sharp edges and corners. If you bought a router to cut your hole (details on cutting a hole with a router are in our e-book) you can use it to round the edges. We like to gently sand the edges of the hole as well. When you try to retrieve a bag through the hole, your valuable bag-tossing hands will thank you.","Dust off your boards, set them up off the ground, and detach your legs if you haven’t already. Apply a thin layer of primer on all visible surfaces of the board and legs with a brush or roller and let dry.","The sides of our cornhole board is white and the playing surface has a white border 1.5 inches wide. The hole also has a white border. We used a semi-gloss paint and roughed in all these areas and painted the legs too. With the white primer underneath it didn’t take more than one or two coats to get a nice uniform coverage. Let this layer dry.","Next we taped the borders of the table with painter’s tape. If you look closely you can see that we covered the hole and the border around the hole with clear contact paper. We used our compass to draw a circle of the appropriate size (1.5 inches larger than my 6 inch hole) on the backing of the contact paper and cut it out with scissors. We then peeled off the backing and carefully placed the contact paper over the hole. Being clear, we were able to see the hole underneath and center it just right.","No matter how well you apply your tape, the second color (scarlet in our case) seems to always bleed underneath, ruining the crisp, clean line you’re looking for. To prevent this, we applied another layer of white semi-gloss paint on the edges of the tape and the contact paper. Now, if there is any bleeding it will be the same color as the underlying paint. Again, let this layer dry.","Next, take a small roller (a brush if you prefer, but a roller makes it a little easier to get a uniform layer) and paint the remainder of the board with some paint of another color and allow it to dry. This may require several coats. Don’t touch up areas here and there if you want the best results – if you need to apply more paint in one area just give the whole surface another thin layer. Painting can really be a learned skill so don’t be rushing things. We’re often asked whether high-gloss or semi-gloss paint should be used. Many folks fear that a high-gloss paint will be more durable but create a surface that is too slippery. The way we see it, high-gloss paint is indeed very slick, but semi-gloss isn’t far off. A new set of boards is going to be a little slick no matter how you do it. Likewise, high-gloss paint is very durable, but again semi-gloss paint isn’t far off. So which to choose? If you don’t plan on using a clear finish over your boards, go with the high gloss. It will help your boards hold up to game play a little better which means you’ll have to repaint your boards less often. If you do intend to finish your boards, use the semi-gloss. It will give them a durable and shiny appearance, but any defects will be masked a little better. Either way you do it, you’re going to end up with a slippery board, so get out there and start throwing some bags. With time, the slickness will decrease.","Gently peel the tape off your cornhole boards. We like to do this just after the final coat of paint has dried. If you used painter’s tape it should come off just fine without disrupting the paint underneath, but watch it carefully as you pull it away just in case. As you can see, my border is crisp and beautiful!","Because the contact paper has such a smooth surface it can separate from the paint as you pull it up. By lightly lifting the contact paper and following it’s edge with a sharp utility knife you can keep a clean border. By removing the contact paper at the right moment (just after the paint has dried) you can avoid this completely. Many people prefer to add a coat of clear finish at this point. Check out our e-book if you’d like to learn more and see a coat of clear finish applied.","Now you have a gorgeous cornhole board! Using the same techniques and a little ingenuity you can add lettering, logos, etc. The possibilities are endless....","You could also add decals purchased from one of many online stores. Decal application is also explained in our e-book. Take a look!"]},"parsed_md":"Dimensions | Cornhole How To\n\nFacebook\n\nDimensions Kendell 2019-10-06T15:29:50+00:00\n\n1-DIMENSIONS ..... 2-SUPPLIES ..... 3-BUILD\n\n### STEP 1: DIMENSIONS\n\nIts important you first know the established dimensions for cornhole. Here’s a\ndiagram with the basic measurements for the boards. The American Cornhole\nOrganization is who we referred to for these measurements. (They get a tad bit\nmore specific with their dimensions so if you’re building a tournament set you\ncan visit their site.)\n\nThere is only one measurement that we will not duplicate perfectly and that is\nthe 3” front end of the boards. As much as we’d like our boards to match that\nmeasurement, our primary goal is to provide you with an excellent cornhole set\nthat is EASY to build. Most do-it-yourself boards (as well as many boards\npurchased from manufacturers) do not meet the 3” requirement. Rather, our\nboards measure around 3 to 4 inches at the front edge which is more than\nadequate for a good ol’ game of cornhole and certainly makes the building\nprocess a whole lot easier.\n\nNext\n\n#### MORE INFORMATION\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Contact Us\n\n#### SITE NAVIGATION\n\n * Build Them Boards\n\n * Paint ‘Em Nice\n\n * Sew Up Some Bags\n\n * How To Play\n\n * Links\n\n#### JOIN US!\n\n© Copyright - | CornholeHowTo | Theme by Theme Fusion\n\nFacebook\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.cornholehowto.com/sew-up-some-bags/how-to-sew/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416132334/http://www.cornholehowto.com/sew-up-some-bags/how-to-sew/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.cornholehowto.com/build-them-boards/dimensions/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211201204158/https://www.cornholehowto.com/build-them-boards/dimensions/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Cornhole How To\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Without a doubt, one of the hidden joys in life is a well-painted cornhole set. However, painting can be a real pain if you’re pretty new at it. The key is to be meticulous and patient. If that turns you off, don’t worry, it’s not that bad once you get the hang of it. Just don’t take any shortcuts unless you’re certain of the results. This is how we painted the basic design on our cornhole tables. Your design might be quite different, but hopefully you can use some of the same techniques to get there.\",\n \"The first step is to fill all the holes and defects you created while building your cornhole boards (screw holes, knot holes, etc.). Use a putty knife or something of the sort to push wood filler into any holes, cracks, etc. on your board. You can even fill in the gap between the plywood surface and 2×4 frame. Don’t worry about over filling it because the wood filler sands down very easily after it has set up.\",\n \"As you can see we had multiple spots on our boards that needed filling. Be sure to allow the filler to set up according to the instructions that came with your product.\",\n \"Next sand your cornhole tables smooth. An electric sander will save you a lot of time here. Medium-grit sandpaper should do the trick. If you’ve got the time sand it with varying grits of sandpaper (coarse -> medium -> fine).\",\n \"Sand down any small discrepancies you have on the sides of your table where all the different pieces of wood come together. Try not to alter the plywood surface too much.\",\n \"Once all your surfaces are smooth you can lightly sand down any sharp edges and corners. If you bought a router to cut your hole (details on cutting a hole with a router are in our e-book) you can use it to round the edges. We like to gently sand the edges of the hole as well. When you try to retrieve a bag through the hole, your valuable bag-tossing hands will thank you.\",\n \"Dust off your boards, set them up off the ground, and detach your legs if you haven’t already. Apply a thin layer of primer on all visible surfaces of the board and legs with a brush or roller and let dry.\",\n \"The sides of our cornhole board is white and the playing surface has a white border 1.5 inches wide. The hole also has a white border. We used a semi-gloss paint and roughed in all these areas and painted the legs too. With the white primer underneath it didn’t take more than one or two coats to get a nice uniform coverage. Let this layer dry.\",\n \"Next we taped the borders of the table with painter’s tape. If you look closely you can see that we covered the hole and the border around the hole with clear contact paper. We used our compass to draw a circle of the appropriate size (1.5 inches larger than my 6 inch hole) on the backing of the contact paper and cut it out with scissors. We then peeled off the backing and carefully placed the contact paper over the hole. Being clear, we were able to see the hole underneath and center it just right.\",\n \"No matter how well you apply your tape, the second color (scarlet in our case) seems to always bleed underneath, ruining the crisp, clean line you’re looking for. To prevent this, we applied another layer of white semi-gloss paint on the edges of the tape and the contact paper. Now, if there is any bleeding it will be the same color as the underlying paint. Again, let this layer dry.\",\n \"Next, take a small roller (a brush if you prefer, but a roller makes it a little easier to get a uniform layer) and paint the remainder of the board with some paint of another color and allow it to dry. This may require several coats. Don’t touch up areas here and there if you want the best results – if you need to apply more paint in one area just give the whole surface another thin layer. Painting can really be a learned skill so don’t be rushing things. We’re often asked whether high-gloss or semi-gloss paint should be used. Many folks fear that a high-gloss paint will be more durable but create a surface that is too slippery. The way we see it, high-gloss paint is indeed very slick, but semi-gloss isn’t far off. A new set of boards is going to be a little slick no matter how you do it. Likewise, high-gloss paint is very durable, but again semi-gloss paint isn’t far off. So which to choose? If you don’t plan on using a clear finish over your boards, go with the high gloss. It will help your boards hold up to game play a little better which means you’ll have to repaint your boards less often. If you do intend to finish your boards, use the semi-gloss. It will give them a durable and shiny appearance, but any defects will be masked a little better. Either way you do it, you’re going to end up with a slippery board, so get out there and start throwing some bags. With time, the slickness will decrease.\",\n \"Gently peel the tape off your cornhole boards. We like to do this just after the final coat of paint has dried. If you used painter’s tape it should come off just fine without disrupting the paint underneath, but watch it carefully as you pull it away just in case. As you can see, my border is crisp and beautiful!\",\n \"Because the contact paper has such a smooth surface it can separate from the paint as you pull it up. By lightly lifting the contact paper and following it’s edge with a sharp utility knife you can keep a clean border. By removing the contact paper at the right moment (just after the paint has dried) you can avoid this completely. Many people prefer to add a coat of clear finish at this point. Check out our e-book if you’d like to learn more and see a coat of clear finish applied.\",\n \"Now you have a gorgeous cornhole board! Using the same techniques and a little ingenuity you can add lettering, logos, etc. The possibilities are endless....\",\n \"You could also add decals purchased from one of many online stores. Decal application is also explained in our e-book. Take a look!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Dimensions | Cornhole How To\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\nDimensions Kendell 2019-10-06T15:29:50+00:00\\n\\n1-DIMENSIONS ..... 2-SUPPLIES ..... 3-BUILD\\n\\n### STEP 1: DIMENSIONS\\n\\nIts important you first know the established dimensions for cornhole. Here’s a\\ndiagram with the basic measurements for the boards. The American Cornhole\\nOrganization is who we referred to for these measurements. (They get a tad bit\\nmore specific with their dimensions so if you’re building a tournament set you\\ncan visit their site.)\\n\\nThere is only one measurement that we will not duplicate perfectly and that is\\nthe 3” front end of the boards. As much as we’d like our boards to match that\\nmeasurement, our primary goal is to provide you with an excellent cornhole set\\nthat is EASY to build. Most do-it-yourself boards (as well as many boards\\npurchased from manufacturers) do not meet the 3” requirement. Rather, our\\nboards measure around 3 to 4 inches at the front edge which is more than\\nadequate for a good ol’ game of cornhole and certainly makes the building\\nprocess a whole lot easier.\\n\\nNext\\n\\n#### MORE INFORMATION\\n\\n * Privacy Policy\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n\\n#### SITE NAVIGATION\\n\\n * Build Them Boards\\n\\n * Paint ‘Em Nice\\n\\n * Sew Up Some Bags\\n\\n * How To Play\\n\\n * Links\\n\\n#### JOIN US!\\n\\n© Copyright - | CornholeHowTo | Theme by Theme Fusion\\n\\nFacebook\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":393,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1391116,"string":"1,391,116"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Measure Helmet Size"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To measure helmet size, take some flexible measuring tape and wrap it around your head so it's just above your eyebrows. Make sure the measuring tape is lying flat against your head and that it isn't pinching you anywhere. Then, write down the measurement you get and try taking it a couple more times to verify that it's accurate. Once you know the circumference of your head, shop for helmets that list that measurement on the packaging or in the description."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20171115000752/https://guides.wiggle.co.uk/helmet-buying-guide","http://web.archive.org/web/20201130205952/https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet","http://web.archive.org/web/20161224071339/http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide","http://web.archive.org/web/20150904082319/http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171115000752/https://guides.wiggle.co.uk/helmet-buying-guide\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201130205952/https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161224071339/http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150904082319/http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1038,"string":"1,038"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://guides.wiggle.co.uk/helmet-buying-guide","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171115000752/https://guides.wiggle.co.uk/helmet-buying-guide","parsed_text":{"title":"Helmet buying guide","passages":["A bike helmet protects your head from injury if you fall off your bike. A good helmet will provide a balance of coverage, ventilation and comfort. Great strides have been made by designers to improve the comfort level offered by helmets. They come with a variety of padding inserts which help you customise the internal fit and feel of the helmet.","Having a correct fitting helmet is vital for your safety. The way to measure your head size for a helmet is by using a measuring tape. Measure approximately 1inch (2.5cm) above your eyebrows (forehead) and around the complete circumference of your head. Ensure the tape measure is a close fit and measure a few times to ensure you get the correct size.","Ladies helmets are available, these tend to be in a different colour scheme to the male version and with a smaller internal measurement. Most 3 size helmets would be considered unisex, so suitable for all. Whereas a uni-size helmet is available in male and female options.","The image below shows how a road helmet should fit on your head, it allows good all-round vision as well as protection. Note the upper straps, they form a V shape, starting just beneath the ear. When the helmet is on, you shouldn't be able to fit more than two fingers between the chin strap and your chin. The straps should be close fitting but not tight and uncomfortable.","Road: A road helmet is primarily designed to be used for road riding but can be used for all cycling disciplines. Top level road helmets are ultra light, and offer great ventilation and protection.","Aero Road Helmets: The new breed of road helmets is a cross between time trial helmet and vented road helmet. It is designed to provide the ease of movement, light weight and compact size of a road helmet, but also deliver aerodynamic advantages.","Time trial: Time trial helmets are designed for time sensitive racing. Their core purpose is to provide aerodynamic benefits as well as protection while you race against the clock.","Mountain bike: Mountain bike helmets are designed to offer you extra coverage, retention and ventilation to help you meet the challenges of riding your bike in off-road terrain.","BMX: BMX helmets come in two main designs: Full face and open face. Full face helmets offer protection to meet the demands of BMX racing. Open face (skate style) helmets are more commonly used for flatland riding and dirt jumping.","Leisure: The leisure helmet range is available for those of you who wish to have a great looking helmets, but without all of the ultra light, extremely vented and race pedigree features.","Kids & youth: The Wiggle range of helmets for kids and youths are ideal for the safety of your little loved ones. They feature industry known safety standards and come in a variety of colour schemes designed to encourage the rider to use.","Full Face: Full face helmets offer the maximum in protection. These are ideal for downhill and aggressive trail riding. They offer extra protection for your chin, teeth, and cheeks.","Safety: Your safety is paramount. In order to cycle on the road or compete in a race it may be a legal requirement in your country to wear a helmet certified to a specific standard or an international equivalent. All helmets sold on Wiggle are certified and labelled with a European CE EN1078 standard sticker.","Ventilation: The more vents that are on the helmet, the cooler the helmet will keep you. On road bike helmets the ventilation is designed to allow air to pass through the helmet and exit through the rear vents. Whereas on mountain bike helmets, the ventilation is designed to work like a chimney, allowing the hot air to escape vertically.","Straps and retention system: The buckle and chin area of the strap should fit close to the underside of the chin once fastened. However, they should allow you to open your mouth to eat an energy bar or drink water from your bottle. The upper part of the helmet straps will fit you best when it creates a v-shape formed just beneath your ear lobe. The retention cradle should sit around the occipital bone, the lower region at the back of your skull. The retention cradle adjustment systems can be adjusted very precisely to give a stable fit.","Padding: The padding in a helmet makes wearing one comfortable and also help to absorb sweat. Many helmets have removable padding, this is great as it enables you to wash them and keep them hygienic."]},"parsed_md":"Helmet buying guide | Wiggle Guides\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## Select your region & language\n\n * Australia\n * English\n * Français\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * Español\n * Svenska\n\n### Cycle guides\n\n * Cycle guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n### Run guides\n\n * Run guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n### Swim guides\n\n * Swim guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n### Triathlon guides\n\n * Triathlon Guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n# Helmet buying guide\n\nPosted in Cycle and tagged bristol\n\n## Bike helmets explained\n\nA bike helmet protects your head from injury if you fall off your bike. A good\nhelmet will provide a balance of coverage, ventilation and comfort. Great\nstrides have been made by designers to improve the comfort level offered by\nhelmets. They come with a variety of padding inserts which help you customise\nthe internal fit and feel of the helmet.\n\n## Helmet fit\n\nHaving a correct fitting helmet is vital for your safety. The way to measure\nyour head size for a helmet is by using a measuring tape. Measure\napproximately 1inch (2.5cm) above your eyebrows (forehead) and around the\ncomplete circumference of your head. Ensure the tape measure is a close fit\nand measure a few times to ensure you get the correct size.\n\nLadies helmets are available, these tend to be in a different colour scheme to\nthe male version and with a smaller internal measurement. Most 3 size helmets\nwould be considered unisex, so suitable for all. Whereas a uni-size helmet is\navailable in male and female options.\n\nThe image below shows how a road helmet should fit on your head, it allows\ngood all-round vision as well as protection. Note the upper straps, they form\na V shape, starting just beneath the ear. When the helmet is on, you shouldn't\nbe able to fit more than two fingers between the chin strap and your chin. The\nstraps should be close fitting but not tight and uncomfortable.\n\n## Types of helmets\n\nRoad: A road helmet is primarily designed to be used for road riding but can\nbe used for all cycling disciplines. Top level road helmets are ultra light,\nand offer great ventilation and protection.\n\nAero Road Helmets: The new breed of road helmets is a cross between time trial\nhelmet and vented road helmet. It is designed to provide the ease of movement,\nlight weight and compact size of a road helmet, but also deliver aerodynamic\nadvantages.\n\nTime trial: Time trial helmets are designed for time sensitive racing. Their\ncore purpose is to provide aerodynamic benefits as well as protection while\nyou race against the clock.\n\nMountain bike: Mountain bike helmets are designed to offer you extra coverage,\nretention and ventilation to help you meet the challenges of riding your bike\nin off-road terrain.\n\nBMX: BMX helmets come in two main designs: Full face and open face. Full face\nhelmets offer protection to meet the demands of BMX racing. Open face (skate\nstyle) helmets are more commonly used for flatland riding and dirt jumping.\n\nLeisure: The leisure helmet range is available for those of you who wish to\nhave a great looking helmets, but without all of the ultra light, extremely\nvented and race pedigree features.\n\nKids & youth: The Wiggle range of helmets for kids and youths are ideal for\nthe safety of your little loved ones. They feature industry known safety\nstandards and come in a variety of colour schemes designed to encourage the\nrider to use.\n\nFull Face: Full face helmets offer the maximum in protection. These are ideal\nfor downhill and aggressive trail riding. They offer extra protection for your\nchin, teeth, and cheeks.\n\n## Key features to look for\n\nSafety: Your safety is paramount. In order to cycle on the road or compete in\na race it may be a legal requirement in your country to wear a helmet\ncertified to a specific standard or an international equivalent. All helmets\nsold on Wiggle are certified and labelled with a European CE EN1078 standard\nsticker.\n\nVentilation: The more vents that are on the helmet, the cooler the helmet will\nkeep you. On road bike helmets the ventilation is designed to allow air to\npass through the helmet and exit through the rear vents. Whereas on mountain\nbike helmets, the ventilation is designed to work like a chimney, allowing the\nhot air to escape vertically.\n\nStraps and retention system: The buckle and chin area of the strap should fit\nclose to the underside of the chin once fastened. However, they should allow\nyou to open your mouth to eat an energy bar or drink water from your bottle.\nThe upper part of the helmet straps will fit you best when it creates a\nv-shape formed just beneath your ear lobe. The retention cradle should sit\naround the occipital bone, the lower region at the back of your skull. The\nretention cradle adjustment systems can be adjusted very precisely to give a\nstable fit.\n\nPadding: The padding in a helmet makes wearing one comfortable and also help\nto absorb sweat. Many helmets have removable padding, this is great as it\nenables you to wash them and keep them hygienic.\n\nShop cycle helmets at Wiggle\n\nPosted in Cycle and tagged bristol\n\n## Categories\n\nBuying Guides Staff reviews How-To guides Training guide\n\nHeadwear for the road\n\nView the range\n\nHeadwear for the trails\n\nView the range\n\n562,628 Fans\n\n74,815 Followers\n\n9,159 Subscribers\n\n© Wiggle Ltd. 2017. All Rights reserved | Terms and conditions | Privacy\npolicy | Cookies\n\nWiggle Ltd. 1000 Lakeside, Suite 310, Third Floor N E Wing, Portsmouth,\nHampshire, PO6 3EN, United Kingdom Company No: 2667809 | VAT No: 884 2571 94\nThere are no facilities for customer collections at this address. Executive\nDirector: Will Kernan.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201130205952/https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet","parsed_text":{"title":"Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet","passages":["Begin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you to a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch. SEARCH","Begin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you to a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch.","Orders over $49 will receive free shipping. This is a residential delivery service, with deliveries Monday through Friday from 9:00am to 8:00pm.","The most effective and important safety measure a motorcyclist can invest in is the helmet. No other single piece of motorcycle gear provides more protection, or more return on investment, in the event of a crash. This explains why a motorcycle helmet should not be bought based on the price or appearance. A rider should buy the best fitting, most highly rated helmet he or she can afford.","Buying a helmet requires a bit of research to understand the different shapes and how to buy the best fit. In this motorcycle helmet sizing guide we cover the following essential aspects to choosing the correct motorcycle helmet:","But first, it's important to know a little about safety ratings. All helmets approved for use in the United States come with Department of Transportation (DOT) rating. Other safety ratings include Snell and the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Snell and ECE tend to have more rigorous testing but that doesn't mean a DOT-only approved helmet is any less safe for highway travel. You can read more about safety ratings by reading The Big List of DOT, Snell & ECE Approved Motocross Helmets.","The bottom line is the best helmet is the one that fits is comfortable and allows you to ride without inhibiting your range of motion or ability to perform the necessary functions to safely operate a motorcycle.","The most important helmet fitting aspect to consider before determining helmet size is helmet shape. The shape of the rider's head plays a crucial role in selecting a proper fitting motorcycle helmet. All helmet manufacturers design their lids to fit a specific head shape. These often range across three primary designations - long oval, intermediate oval, and round oval.","Long Oval - Shaped for a head which is longer front-to-back (from forehead to the back of the skull) than it is side-to-side (ear to ear).","Intermediate Oval - Shaped for a head which is slightly longer front-to-back than it is side-to-side. Most motorcycle helmets will fall into this category as it is the most common head shape; if a helmet does not state its shape, this is usually it.","Once the head shape is determined, it is easier to filter the enormous selection of available motorcycle helmets down to a smaller, more appropriate list of those which will fit the rider's head. Now it is time to find the correct size of the motorcycle helmet.","Measuring for motorcycle helmet size is as simple as looking for a good fitted hat. The difference is in how the helmet fits over the rider's head. The best tool for this is a seamstress or tailor's tape measure. It is flexible enough to wrap around the rider's skull and marked in useful increments for determining an accurate size. Use it to find which size of helmet suits you:","Wrap the measuring tape around the fullest part of the head - this will be just above the ears and about a half-inch above the eyebrows for most - and take the measurement at the forehead. To get the most accurate measure, have a friend help with this step.","Take the measurement and compare to the size chart on the page for the desired motorcycle helmet (you might have to scroll down). Each manufacturer has sizing which is specific to its own models, so only rely on the size chart produced for the motorcycle helmet being considered.","Some variance occurs, even between different models from the same manufacturer, which is why MotoSport offers a \"Free First Exchange\" program if your helmet does not fit properly.","When a new helmet is first worn, it should actually be slightly tight, with the interior coming into contact with most of the head, but not so restrictive that it causes any pain. There should be no \"hot spots\" - places where the helmet's interior puts pressure on specific points of the skull or face - but it should not move around freely. With time, a helmet adjusts to match the shape of the rider's head as it is worn, \"breaks-in\" and loosens a little. However, it should never become loose enough to easily turn from side to side.","The helmet should sit on the head evenly with the eye port's upper edge just above the eyebrows and offer good peripheral vision to see side-to-side.","Put a finger between the helmet interior and the head. If it easily fits, try a smaller size. Some helmet models allow a change in the cheek pads for better fitment, so consider this when checking for proper sizing.","Finally, when deciding on a helmet style - it's mostly up to personal choice for color, patterns and shield tint but remember the brighter and easier to see a helmet the more likely drivers spot a rider. The face shield should not obscure the rider's vision in any way and tinted visors should only be used for sunny days.","Motorcycle helmets come in different types, or styles, each offering certain benefits to address a rider's needs. Some riders like full all-around protection while others prefer a slim approach that mostly allows them to ride legally in those states that have helmet laws. Regardless, you have many options to choose from:","Clearly, deciding on the best motorcycle helmet can be a bit daunting. Read Picking the Best Motorcycle Helmet which discuss these helmets a bit more in- depth and asks some questions that help you narrow down the best style of helmet for your riding style. Meanwhile, some popular suggestions in the riding community include:","A well-fitting motorcycle helmet contributes to a safer and more comfortable ride. If the helmet does not fit right, it can cause pain which often leads to dangerous distractions, and it may not completely protect the rider's head in a crash. Therefore, finding a motorcycle helmet which fits the rider correctly is very important to the helmet's twin missions of comfort and safety. Spend enough time finding the right helmet and you will find that the helmet almost disappears while wearing and yet it is right where it needs to be should the ride go wrong. Be smart. Be safe. Ride with a correctly sized motorcycle helmet and enjoy the road for years to come."]},"parsed_md":"Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet |\nMotoSport\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to search\n\nCYBER MONDAY SALE IS HERE up to 70% off - Shop Now >\n\nAccount\n\nCLOSE\n\nSHOP BY RIDING STYLE\n\n * Shop All\n * Dirt Bike\n * ATV\n * Utility ATV\n * UTV\n * Street Bike\n * Cruiser\n * OEM\n\nEmail Us 1-888-676-8853\n\nAccount Sign In or Create an Account\n\nShipping to United States\n\nFree shipping over $49\n\nBegin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and\ndown arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you\nto a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch. SEARCH\n\nSign In\n\n# Contact Us\n\n * Call 1-888-676-8853\n * Email Us\n\n## Regular Hours (All Times PACIFIC)\n\nMonday-Friday:\n\n 6am - 7pm\n\nSaturday:\n\n 7am - 4pm\n\nSunday:\n\n Out Riding\n\nMore Contact Information\n\nSearch within a riding style, select an option\n\n * All\n * Dirt Bike\n * Sport ATV\n * Utility ATV\n * UTV\n * Street Bike\n * Cruiser\n\nBegin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and\ndown arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you\nto a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch.\n\n# Free shipping on orders over $49 to Virginia\n\nOrders over $49 will receive free shipping. This is a residential delivery\nservice, with deliveries Monday through Friday from 9:00am to 8:00pm.\n\nLearn More\n\nEnter a valid US zip code\n\nSelection will refresh the page with with localized information\n\nShopping For Parts Find Parts for Your Bike: Selection will refresh the page\nwith new results\n\nBrowse All Makes\n\n * Dirt Bike\n * ATV\n * Utility ATV\n * UTV\n * Street Bike\n * Cruiser\n\nClear / Select New Bike Manage Saved Bikes\n\n# Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet\n\nBy: JC Current November 04, 2013\n\nThe most effective and important safety measure a motorcyclist can invest in\nis the helmet. No other single piece of motorcycle gear provides more\nprotection, or more return on investment, in the event of a crash. This\nexplains why a motorcycle helmet should not be bought based on the price or\nappearance. A rider should buy the best fitting, most highly rated helmet he\nor she can afford.\n\nBuying a helmet requires a bit of research to understand the different shapes\nand how to buy the best fit. In this motorcycle helmet sizing guide we cover\nthe following essential aspects to choosing the correct motorcycle helmet:\n\n * Shape\n * Sizing a Motorcycle Helmet\n * Helmet Fit\n * Types of Motorcycle Helmets\n\nBut first, it's important to know a little about safety ratings. All helmets\napproved for use in the United States come with Department of Transportation\n(DOT) rating. Other safety ratings include Snell and the Economic Commission\nfor Europe (ECE). Snell and ECE tend to have more rigorous testing but that\ndoesn't mean a DOT-only approved helmet is any less safe for highway travel.\nYou can read more about safety ratings by reading The Big List of DOT, Snell &\nECE Approved Motocross Helmets.\n\nThe bottom line is the best helmet is the one that fits is comfortable and\nallows you to ride without inhibiting your range of motion or ability to\nperform the necessary functions to safely operate a motorcycle.\n\n### Shape\n\nThe most important helmet fitting aspect to consider before determining helmet\nsize is helmet shape. The shape of the rider's head plays a crucial role in\nselecting a proper fitting motorcycle helmet. All helmet manufacturers design\ntheir lids to fit a specific head shape. These often range across three\nprimary designations - long oval, intermediate oval, and round oval.\n\n * Long Oval - Shaped for a head which is longer front-to-back (from forehead to the back of the skull) than it is side-to-side (ear to ear).\n * Intermediate Oval - Shaped for a head which is slightly longer front-to-back than it is side-to-side. Most motorcycle helmets will fall into this category as it is the most common head shape; if a helmet does not state its shape, this is usually it.\n * Round Oval - Shaped for a head which has almost identical front-to-back and side-to-side measurements.\n\nOnce the head shape is determined, it is easier to filter the enormous\nselection of available motorcycle helmets down to a smaller, more appropriate\nlist of those which will fit the rider's head. Now it is time to find the\ncorrect size of the motorcycle helmet.\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Sizing a Motorcycle Helmet\n\nMeasuring for motorcycle helmet size is as simple as looking for a good fitted\nhat. The difference is in how the helmet fits over the rider's head. The best\ntool for this is a seamstress or tailor's tape measure. It is flexible enough\nto wrap around the rider's skull and marked in useful increments for\ndetermining an accurate size. Use it to find which size of helmet suits you:\n\n * Wrap the measuring tape around the fullest part of the head - this will be just above the ears and about a half-inch above the eyebrows for most - and take the measurement at the forehead. To get the most accurate measure, have a friend help with this step.\n * Take the measurement and compare to the size chart on the page for the desired motorcycle helmet (you might have to scroll down). Each manufacturer has sizing which is specific to its own models, so only rely on the size chart produced for the motorcycle helmet being considered.\n\nSome variance occurs, even between different models from the same\nmanufacturer, which is why MotoSport offers a \"Free First Exchange\" program if\nyour helmet does not fit properly.\n\nExample of a motorcycle helmet size chart\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Helmet Fit\n\nWhen a new helmet is first worn, it should actually be slightly tight, with\nthe interior coming into contact with most of the head, but not so restrictive\nthat it causes any pain. There should be no \"hot spots\" - places where the\nhelmet's interior puts pressure on specific points of the skull or face - but\nit should not move around freely. With time, a helmet adjusts to match the\nshape of the rider's head as it is worn, \"breaks-in\" and loosens a little.\nHowever, it should never become loose enough to easily turn from side to side.\n\n * Put the helmet on - it should be a little tight as it goes on over the head.\n * The helmet should sit on the head evenly with the eye port's upper edge just above the eyebrows and offer good peripheral vision to see side-to-side.\n * Put a finger between the helmet interior and the head. If it easily fits, try a smaller size. Some helmet models allow a change in the cheek pads for better fitment, so consider this when checking for proper sizing.\n\nFinally, when deciding on a helmet style - it's mostly up to personal choice\nfor color, patterns and shield tint but remember the brighter and easier to\nsee a helmet the more likely drivers spot a rider. The face shield should not\nobscure the rider's vision in any way and tinted visors should only be used\nfor sunny days.\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Types of Motorcycle Helmets\n\nMotorcycle helmets come in different types, or styles, each offering certain\nbenefits to address a rider's needs. Some riders like full all-around\nprotection while others prefer a slim approach that mostly allows them to ride\nlegally in those states that have helmet laws. Regardless, you have many\noptions to choose from:\n\n * Full Face Helmets\n * Modular Helmets\n * ADV Dual Sport\n * Open Face Helmets\n * Half Shell Helmets\n\nClearly, deciding on the best motorcycle helmet can be a bit daunting. Read\nPicking the Best Motorcycle Helmet which discuss these helmets a bit more in-\ndepth and asks some questions that help you narrow down the best style of\nhelmet for your riding style. Meanwhile, some popular suggestions in the\nriding community include:\n\nICON Airflight - Full Face Helmet\n\nShoei Neotec II - Modular Helmet\n\nArai XD4 - Dual Sport Helmet\n\nHJC IS 5 - Open Face Helmet\n\nFly Racing 9MM - Half Shell Helmet\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Conclusion\n\nA well-fitting motorcycle helmet contributes to a safer and more comfortable\nride. If the helmet does not fit right, it can cause pain which often leads to\ndangerous distractions, and it may not completely protect the rider's head in\na crash. Therefore, finding a motorcycle helmet which fits the rider correctly\nis very important to the helmet's twin missions of comfort and safety. Spend\nenough time finding the right helmet and you will find that the helmet almost\ndisappears while wearing and yet it is right where it needs to be should the\nride go wrong. Be smart. Be safe. Ride with a correctly sized motorcycle\nhelmet and enjoy the road for years to come.\n\n## Tags:\n\nriding tips | street bike | Street Bike | buying guide | JC Current\n\n### Related Content\n\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\n * Avoiding Edge Traps on a Motorcycle\n * How To Ride a Motorcycle in the Rain\n * Hazards of Motorcycle Riding in the Fall\n\n### More Street Bike Riding Tips\n\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\n * Avoiding Edge Traps on a Motorcycle\n * How To Ride a Motorcycle in the Rain\n * Hazards of Motorcycle Riding in the Fall\n\n### Other Street Bike Content\n\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\n * Ask a Mechanic: How to Start a Motorcycle Without a Key\n * Alpinestars Airbag - Tech Air 5\n * The Wonderful World of Commuting on Motorcycle\n\n### Most Popular Content\n\n * How To Make A Dirt Bike Street Legal\n * Kids Dirt Bikes - Choosing the Right Starter Bike\n * 5 Mistakes Dirt Bike Beginners Make\n * 2 Stroke vs 4 Stroke Dirt Bike - How They Measure Up On The Track\n * How To Read and Check Your Motorcycle or ATV VIN\n\n#### Contact Us\n\n1-888-676-8853\n\nEmail Us\n\n#### Sign Up\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n * Visit MotoSport on Facebook\n * Visit MotoSport on Twitter\n * Visit MotoSport on YouTube\n * Visit MotoSport on Instagram\n * Visit MotoSport on Pinterest\n\n#### Customer Reviews\n\n#### Your Account\n\n * Sign In\n * Order Status\n * Returns & Exchanges\n * FAQ\n * International Orders\n\n#### Company\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Press Releases\n * Affiliate Program\n * B2B Program\n * Government Orders\n * MotoSport Roanoke\n\n#### MotoSport Blog\n\n * Riding Tips\n * Tech Tips\n * Lifestyle\n * Product Reviews\n * Racing\n\n#### We Support the Rider\n\n * Rider Down\n * Road to Recovery\n * Roadracing World Action Fund\n * Amateur Rider Support\n * PulpMX Show\n\n#### Additional Site Links\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Data\n * Shipping Policy\n * Taxes & Fees\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Site Map\n * Shop All Brands\n * Shop All Rides\n\nPart of the Backcountry Family:\n\n * Backcountry.com\n * Competitive Cyclist\n * SteepandCheap.com\n * Alpinetrek\n\nCopyright 2004-2020 MotoSport, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Selected content\ncopyright and trademark respective companies, used with permission.\n\nmotorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet\n\nblog\n\nmotorcycle\n\nLogged Out\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20161224071339/http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide","parsed_text":{"title":"Follow these easy steps - Nutcase Helmets","passages":["The proper helmet fit is an important factor for safety and comfort. Here at Nutcase, we want to ensure that you get the best protection from injury and the maximum performance with a properly sized helmet. A snug, aligned fit will achieve a safe and secure ride. Below are simple steps in determining the proper helmet size. Remember to always ride safely!","Measure the circumference of your head with a tape measure. Place the tape measure slightly above the ear and bring it across the mid forehead completely circling the head about 1 inch above the eyebrows. Take several measurements to make sure you have the largest size. If you do not have a tape measure, use a string and measure it against a ruler. The charts linked below will assist you on which size is the best helmet fit. If a measurement falls in between a size, go up to the larger size.","Once you have determined your helmet size, try it on. The helmet should be worn level on the head and not slide or move freely when you roll your head from side to side. If this is the case, you have a helmet that is too large. Extra padding may help provide a better, more snug fit.","Be sure the front of the helmet lays just above your eyebrows and that the back of the helmet does not touch the nape of your neck. The chin strap should fit snug but not too tight to cause discomfort or choking. Securely fasten the chin strap and try to roll the helmet off your head. If the skin on your forehead moves slightly, you have a good fit. Feel free to mix and match pad set sizes to achieve the best fit."]},"parsed_md":"Bike Helmet Sizing | Helmet Size Chart | Follow these easy steps - Nutcase\nHelmets\n\n * Bike\n * Metroride\n * Skate\n * Little Nutty\n * Baby Nutty\n * Water\n * Moto\n * Bells & Accessories\n * Sale\n\n# Helmet Fit Guide\n\nDetermining Your Helmet Size\n\nThe proper helmet fit is an important factor for safety and comfort. Here at\nNutcase, we want to ensure that you get the best protection from injury and\nthe maximum performance with a properly sized helmet. A snug, aligned fit will\nachieve a safe and secure ride. Below are simple steps in determining the\nproper helmet size. Remember to always ride safely!\n\nStep 1: Measurement\n\nMeasure the circumference of your head with a tape measure. Place the tape\nmeasure slightly above the ear and bring it across the mid forehead completely\ncircling the head about 1 inch above the eyebrows. Take several measurements\nto make sure you have the largest size. If you do not have a tape measure, use\na string and measure it against a ruler. The charts linked below will assist\nyou on which size is the best helmet fit. If a measurement falls in between a\nsize, go up to the larger size.\n\n * Bike/Skate Size Chart\n * Little Nutty Size Chart\n * Metroride Size Chart\n * Baby Nutty Size Chart\n * Snow Size Chart\n * Water Size Chart\n * Moto Size Chart\n\nStep 2: Try it on\n\nOnce you have determined your helmet size, try it on. The helmet should be\nworn level on the head and not slide or move freely when you roll your head\nfrom side to side. If this is the case, you have a helmet that is too large.\nExtra padding may help provide a better, more snug fit.\n\nStep 3: Proper fit\n\nBe sure the front of the helmet lays just above your eyebrows and that the\nback of the helmet does not touch the nape of your neck. The chin strap should\nfit snug but not too tight to cause discomfort or choking. Securely fasten the\nchin strap and try to roll the helmet off your head. If the skin on your\nforehead moves slightly, you have a good fit. Feel free to mix and match pad\nset sizes to achieve the best fit.\n\n# Fit Videos\n\n### Metroride\n\n### Street: Bike, Skate, and Little Nutty\n\n### Baby Nutty\n\n#### Questions?\n\n * Return Policy\n * Customer Service\n * Helmet Fit Guide\n\n#### Keep Up With Us\n\nTwitter Facebook YouTube Instagram Pinterest Flickr\n\n#### Contact Us\n\n * 1-866-956-8889\n * Email Us\n * nutcasehelmets.com\n * Request a Return\n * Warranty\n\n©2016 Nutcase, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20150904082319/http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"Youth Batting helmet size chart","passages":["| Head Measurements| Hat Size| Helmet Size to Order ---|---|--- 20- 20 3/4\"| 6 3/8”-6 1/2”| X-Small 20 3/4- 21 1/4\"| 6 5/8”-6 3/4”| Small 21 5/8- 22\"| 6 7/8”-7”| Medium 22 3/8- 22 3/4\"| 7 1/8” - 7 1/4”| Large 23 1/8- 23 1/2\"| 7 3/8” - 7 1/2”| X-Large","OSFA will fit hat sizes 6 3/8 to 7 1/2. Helmet will be tight on larger sizes. It is recommended that if your child measures larger than 7\" that you select a sized helmet (L or XL) for best fit.","OSFA helmets have a ponytail channel inside the helmet. This allows the helmet to slip over the player's ponytail without needing a hole or molded channel. Because the OSFA has the ponytail channel hidden inside it is suitable for both boys and girls.","Helmets should always be inspected before each use. Do not use any helmet that is damaged, cracked, or has lost or torn foam padding. No helmet can protect from all possible injuries. Please use common sense when participating in any sport or activity."]},"parsed_md":"Youth Batting helmet size chart\n\nLive chat hosted software \n \n--- \n \nUp Helmet Description Helmet Sizes Helmet Colors Paint Colors Help Ordering\nOnline\n\n|\n\n### Youth Batting Helmet Size Chart\n\nIt is important that the player wears the correct size helmet for maximum\nprotection.\n\nMeasure around the head, just above the brow\n\n| Head Measurements| Hat Size| Helmet Size to Order \n---|---|--- \n20- 20 3/4\"| 6 3/8”-6 1/2”| X-Small \n20 3/4- 21 1/4\"| 6 5/8”-6 3/4”| Small \n21 5/8- 22\"| 6 7/8”-7”| Medium \n22 3/8- 22 3/4\"| 7 1/8” - 7 1/4”| Large \n23 1/8- 23 1/2\"| 7 3/8” - 7 1/2”| X-Large \n \nOSFA will fit hat sizes 6 3/8 to 7 1/2. Helmet will be tight on larger sizes.\nIt is recommended that if your child measures larger than 7\" that you select a\nsized helmet (L or XL) for best fit.\n\nChildren over age 14 should order Sized helmets and not OSFA\n\n> OSFA helmets have a ponytail channel inside the helmet. This allows the\n> helmet to slip over the player's ponytail without needing a hole or molded\n> channel. Because the OSFA has the ponytail channel hidden inside it is\n> suitable for both boys and girls.\n>\n> Helmets should always be inspected before each use. Do not use any helmet\n> that is damaged, cracked, or has lost or torn foam padding. No helmet can\n> protect from all possible injuries. Please use common sense when\n> participating in any sport or activity. \n \nTeam Discounts Contests-Freebies Fundraisers Reseller Info Link to Us Links\nNew Items Newsletter HELP\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://guides.wiggle.co.uk/helmet-buying-guide\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171115000752/https://guides.wiggle.co.uk/helmet-buying-guide\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Helmet buying guide\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A bike helmet protects your head from injury if you fall off your bike. A good helmet will provide a balance of coverage, ventilation and comfort. Great strides have been made by designers to improve the comfort level offered by helmets. They come with a variety of padding inserts which help you customise the internal fit and feel of the helmet.\",\n \"Having a correct fitting helmet is vital for your safety. The way to measure your head size for a helmet is by using a measuring tape. Measure approximately 1inch (2.5cm) above your eyebrows (forehead) and around the complete circumference of your head. Ensure the tape measure is a close fit and measure a few times to ensure you get the correct size.\",\n \"Ladies helmets are available, these tend to be in a different colour scheme to the male version and with a smaller internal measurement. Most 3 size helmets would be considered unisex, so suitable for all. Whereas a uni-size helmet is available in male and female options.\",\n \"The image below shows how a road helmet should fit on your head, it allows good all-round vision as well as protection. Note the upper straps, they form a V shape, starting just beneath the ear. When the helmet is on, you shouldn't be able to fit more than two fingers between the chin strap and your chin. The straps should be close fitting but not tight and uncomfortable.\",\n \"Road: A road helmet is primarily designed to be used for road riding but can be used for all cycling disciplines. Top level road helmets are ultra light, and offer great ventilation and protection.\",\n \"Aero Road Helmets: The new breed of road helmets is a cross between time trial helmet and vented road helmet. It is designed to provide the ease of movement, light weight and compact size of a road helmet, but also deliver aerodynamic advantages.\",\n \"Time trial: Time trial helmets are designed for time sensitive racing. Their core purpose is to provide aerodynamic benefits as well as protection while you race against the clock.\",\n \"Mountain bike: Mountain bike helmets are designed to offer you extra coverage, retention and ventilation to help you meet the challenges of riding your bike in off-road terrain.\",\n \"BMX: BMX helmets come in two main designs: Full face and open face. Full face helmets offer protection to meet the demands of BMX racing. Open face (skate style) helmets are more commonly used for flatland riding and dirt jumping.\",\n \"Leisure: The leisure helmet range is available for those of you who wish to have a great looking helmets, but without all of the ultra light, extremely vented and race pedigree features.\",\n \"Kids & youth: The Wiggle range of helmets for kids and youths are ideal for the safety of your little loved ones. They feature industry known safety standards and come in a variety of colour schemes designed to encourage the rider to use.\",\n \"Full Face: Full face helmets offer the maximum in protection. These are ideal for downhill and aggressive trail riding. They offer extra protection for your chin, teeth, and cheeks.\",\n \"Safety: Your safety is paramount. In order to cycle on the road or compete in a race it may be a legal requirement in your country to wear a helmet certified to a specific standard or an international equivalent. All helmets sold on Wiggle are certified and labelled with a European CE EN1078 standard sticker.\",\n \"Ventilation: The more vents that are on the helmet, the cooler the helmet will keep you. On road bike helmets the ventilation is designed to allow air to pass through the helmet and exit through the rear vents. Whereas on mountain bike helmets, the ventilation is designed to work like a chimney, allowing the hot air to escape vertically.\",\n \"Straps and retention system: The buckle and chin area of the strap should fit close to the underside of the chin once fastened. However, they should allow you to open your mouth to eat an energy bar or drink water from your bottle. The upper part of the helmet straps will fit you best when it creates a v-shape formed just beneath your ear lobe. The retention cradle should sit around the occipital bone, the lower region at the back of your skull. The retention cradle adjustment systems can be adjusted very precisely to give a stable fit.\",\n \"Padding: The padding in a helmet makes wearing one comfortable and also help to absorb sweat. Many helmets have removable padding, this is great as it enables you to wash them and keep them hygienic.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Helmet buying guide | Wiggle Guides\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n## Select your region & language\\n\\n * Australia\\n * English\\n * Français\\n * Deutsch\\n * 日本語\\n * Español\\n * Svenska\\n\\n### Cycle guides\\n\\n * Cycle guides\\n * Buying Guides\\n * How-To guides\\n * Training Guides\\n\\n### Run guides\\n\\n * Run guides\\n * Buying Guides\\n * How-To guides\\n * Training Guides\\n\\n### Swim guides\\n\\n * Swim guides\\n * Buying Guides\\n * How-To guides\\n * Training Guides\\n\\n### Triathlon guides\\n\\n * Triathlon Guides\\n * Buying Guides\\n * How-To guides\\n * Training Guides\\n\\n# Helmet buying guide\\n\\nPosted in Cycle and tagged bristol\\n\\n## Bike helmets explained\\n\\nA bike helmet protects your head from injury if you fall off your bike. A good\\nhelmet will provide a balance of coverage, ventilation and comfort. Great\\nstrides have been made by designers to improve the comfort level offered by\\nhelmets. They come with a variety of padding inserts which help you customise\\nthe internal fit and feel of the helmet.\\n\\n## Helmet fit\\n\\nHaving a correct fitting helmet is vital for your safety. The way to measure\\nyour head size for a helmet is by using a measuring tape. Measure\\napproximately 1inch (2.5cm) above your eyebrows (forehead) and around the\\ncomplete circumference of your head. Ensure the tape measure is a close fit\\nand measure a few times to ensure you get the correct size.\\n\\nLadies helmets are available, these tend to be in a different colour scheme to\\nthe male version and with a smaller internal measurement. Most 3 size helmets\\nwould be considered unisex, so suitable for all. Whereas a uni-size helmet is\\navailable in male and female options.\\n\\nThe image below shows how a road helmet should fit on your head, it allows\\ngood all-round vision as well as protection. Note the upper straps, they form\\na V shape, starting just beneath the ear. When the helmet is on, you shouldn't\\nbe able to fit more than two fingers between the chin strap and your chin. The\\nstraps should be close fitting but not tight and uncomfortable.\\n\\n## Types of helmets\\n\\nRoad: A road helmet is primarily designed to be used for road riding but can\\nbe used for all cycling disciplines. Top level road helmets are ultra light,\\nand offer great ventilation and protection.\\n\\nAero Road Helmets: The new breed of road helmets is a cross between time trial\\nhelmet and vented road helmet. It is designed to provide the ease of movement,\\nlight weight and compact size of a road helmet, but also deliver aerodynamic\\nadvantages.\\n\\nTime trial: Time trial helmets are designed for time sensitive racing. Their\\ncore purpose is to provide aerodynamic benefits as well as protection while\\nyou race against the clock.\\n\\nMountain bike: Mountain bike helmets are designed to offer you extra coverage,\\nretention and ventilation to help you meet the challenges of riding your bike\\nin off-road terrain.\\n\\nBMX: BMX helmets come in two main designs: Full face and open face. Full face\\nhelmets offer protection to meet the demands of BMX racing. Open face (skate\\nstyle) helmets are more commonly used for flatland riding and dirt jumping.\\n\\nLeisure: The leisure helmet range is available for those of you who wish to\\nhave a great looking helmets, but without all of the ultra light, extremely\\nvented and race pedigree features.\\n\\nKids & youth: The Wiggle range of helmets for kids and youths are ideal for\\nthe safety of your little loved ones. They feature industry known safety\\nstandards and come in a variety of colour schemes designed to encourage the\\nrider to use.\\n\\nFull Face: Full face helmets offer the maximum in protection. These are ideal\\nfor downhill and aggressive trail riding. They offer extra protection for your\\nchin, teeth, and cheeks.\\n\\n## Key features to look for\\n\\nSafety: Your safety is paramount. In order to cycle on the road or compete in\\na race it may be a legal requirement in your country to wear a helmet\\ncertified to a specific standard or an international equivalent. All helmets\\nsold on Wiggle are certified and labelled with a European CE EN1078 standard\\nsticker.\\n\\nVentilation: The more vents that are on the helmet, the cooler the helmet will\\nkeep you. On road bike helmets the ventilation is designed to allow air to\\npass through the helmet and exit through the rear vents. Whereas on mountain\\nbike helmets, the ventilation is designed to work like a chimney, allowing the\\nhot air to escape vertically.\\n\\nStraps and retention system: The buckle and chin area of the strap should fit\\nclose to the underside of the chin once fastened. However, they should allow\\nyou to open your mouth to eat an energy bar or drink water from your bottle.\\nThe upper part of the helmet straps will fit you best when it creates a\\nv-shape formed just beneath your ear lobe. The retention cradle should sit\\naround the occipital bone, the lower region at the back of your skull. The\\nretention cradle adjustment systems can be adjusted very precisely to give a\\nstable fit.\\n\\nPadding: The padding in a helmet makes wearing one comfortable and also help\\nto absorb sweat. Many helmets have removable padding, this is great as it\\nenables you to wash them and keep them hygienic.\\n\\nShop cycle helmets at Wiggle\\n\\nPosted in Cycle and tagged bristol\\n\\n## Categories\\n\\nBuying Guides Staff reviews How-To guides Training guide\\n\\nHeadwear for the road\\n\\nView the range\\n\\nHeadwear for the trails\\n\\nView the range\\n\\n562,628 Fans\\n\\n74,815 Followers\\n\\n9,159 Subscribers\\n\\n© Wiggle Ltd. 2017. All Rights reserved | Terms and conditions | Privacy\\npolicy | Cookies\\n\\nWiggle Ltd. 1000 Lakeside, Suite 310, Third Floor N E Wing, Portsmouth,\\nHampshire, PO6 3EN, United Kingdom Company No: 2667809 | VAT No: 884 2571 94\\nThere are no facilities for customer collections at this address. Executive\\nDirector: Will Kernan.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201130205952/https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Begin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you to a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch. SEARCH\",\n \"Begin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you to a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch.\",\n \"Orders over $49 will receive free shipping. This is a residential delivery service, with deliveries Monday through Friday from 9:00am to 8:00pm.\",\n \"The most effective and important safety measure a motorcyclist can invest in is the helmet. No other single piece of motorcycle gear provides more protection, or more return on investment, in the event of a crash. This explains why a motorcycle helmet should not be bought based on the price or appearance. A rider should buy the best fitting, most highly rated helmet he or she can afford.\",\n \"Buying a helmet requires a bit of research to understand the different shapes and how to buy the best fit. In this motorcycle helmet sizing guide we cover the following essential aspects to choosing the correct motorcycle helmet:\",\n \"But first, it's important to know a little about safety ratings. All helmets approved for use in the United States come with Department of Transportation (DOT) rating. Other safety ratings include Snell and the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Snell and ECE tend to have more rigorous testing but that doesn't mean a DOT-only approved helmet is any less safe for highway travel. You can read more about safety ratings by reading The Big List of DOT, Snell & ECE Approved Motocross Helmets.\",\n \"The bottom line is the best helmet is the one that fits is comfortable and allows you to ride without inhibiting your range of motion or ability to perform the necessary functions to safely operate a motorcycle.\",\n \"The most important helmet fitting aspect to consider before determining helmet size is helmet shape. The shape of the rider's head plays a crucial role in selecting a proper fitting motorcycle helmet. All helmet manufacturers design their lids to fit a specific head shape. These often range across three primary designations - long oval, intermediate oval, and round oval.\",\n \"Long Oval - Shaped for a head which is longer front-to-back (from forehead to the back of the skull) than it is side-to-side (ear to ear).\",\n \"Intermediate Oval - Shaped for a head which is slightly longer front-to-back than it is side-to-side. Most motorcycle helmets will fall into this category as it is the most common head shape; if a helmet does not state its shape, this is usually it.\",\n \"Once the head shape is determined, it is easier to filter the enormous selection of available motorcycle helmets down to a smaller, more appropriate list of those which will fit the rider's head. Now it is time to find the correct size of the motorcycle helmet.\",\n \"Measuring for motorcycle helmet size is as simple as looking for a good fitted hat. The difference is in how the helmet fits over the rider's head. The best tool for this is a seamstress or tailor's tape measure. It is flexible enough to wrap around the rider's skull and marked in useful increments for determining an accurate size. Use it to find which size of helmet suits you:\",\n \"Wrap the measuring tape around the fullest part of the head - this will be just above the ears and about a half-inch above the eyebrows for most - and take the measurement at the forehead. To get the most accurate measure, have a friend help with this step.\",\n \"Take the measurement and compare to the size chart on the page for the desired motorcycle helmet (you might have to scroll down). Each manufacturer has sizing which is specific to its own models, so only rely on the size chart produced for the motorcycle helmet being considered.\",\n \"Some variance occurs, even between different models from the same manufacturer, which is why MotoSport offers a \\\"Free First Exchange\\\" program if your helmet does not fit properly.\",\n \"When a new helmet is first worn, it should actually be slightly tight, with the interior coming into contact with most of the head, but not so restrictive that it causes any pain. There should be no \\\"hot spots\\\" - places where the helmet's interior puts pressure on specific points of the skull or face - but it should not move around freely. With time, a helmet adjusts to match the shape of the rider's head as it is worn, \\\"breaks-in\\\" and loosens a little. However, it should never become loose enough to easily turn from side to side.\",\n \"The helmet should sit on the head evenly with the eye port's upper edge just above the eyebrows and offer good peripheral vision to see side-to-side.\",\n \"Put a finger between the helmet interior and the head. If it easily fits, try a smaller size. Some helmet models allow a change in the cheek pads for better fitment, so consider this when checking for proper sizing.\",\n \"Finally, when deciding on a helmet style - it's mostly up to personal choice for color, patterns and shield tint but remember the brighter and easier to see a helmet the more likely drivers spot a rider. The face shield should not obscure the rider's vision in any way and tinted visors should only be used for sunny days.\",\n \"Motorcycle helmets come in different types, or styles, each offering certain benefits to address a rider's needs. Some riders like full all-around protection while others prefer a slim approach that mostly allows them to ride legally in those states that have helmet laws. Regardless, you have many options to choose from:\",\n \"Clearly, deciding on the best motorcycle helmet can be a bit daunting. Read Picking the Best Motorcycle Helmet which discuss these helmets a bit more in- depth and asks some questions that help you narrow down the best style of helmet for your riding style. Meanwhile, some popular suggestions in the riding community include:\",\n \"A well-fitting motorcycle helmet contributes to a safer and more comfortable ride. If the helmet does not fit right, it can cause pain which often leads to dangerous distractions, and it may not completely protect the rider's head in a crash. Therefore, finding a motorcycle helmet which fits the rider correctly is very important to the helmet's twin missions of comfort and safety. Spend enough time finding the right helmet and you will find that the helmet almost disappears while wearing and yet it is right where it needs to be should the ride go wrong. Be smart. Be safe. Ride with a correctly sized motorcycle helmet and enjoy the road for years to come.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet |\\nMotoSport\\n\\n * Skip to content\\n * Skip to search\\n\\nCYBER MONDAY SALE IS HERE up to 70% off - Shop Now >\\n\\nAccount\\n\\nCLOSE\\n\\nSHOP BY RIDING STYLE\\n\\n * Shop All\\n * Dirt Bike\\n * ATV\\n * Utility ATV\\n * UTV\\n * Street Bike\\n * Cruiser\\n * OEM\\n\\nEmail Us 1-888-676-8853\\n\\nAccount Sign In or Create an Account\\n\\nShipping to United States\\n\\nFree shipping over $49\\n\\nBegin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and\\ndown arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you\\nto a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch. SEARCH\\n\\nSign In\\n\\n# Contact Us\\n\\n * Call 1-888-676-8853\\n * Email Us\\n\\n## Regular Hours (All Times PACIFIC)\\n\\nMonday-Friday:\\n\\n 6am - 7pm\\n\\nSaturday:\\n\\n 7am - 4pm\\n\\nSunday:\\n\\n Out Riding\\n\\nMore Contact Information\\n\\nSearch within a riding style, select an option\\n\\n * All\\n * Dirt Bike\\n * Sport ATV\\n * Utility ATV\\n * UTV\\n * Street Bike\\n * Cruiser\\n\\nBegin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and\\ndown arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you\\nto a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch.\\n\\n# Free shipping on orders over $49 to Virginia\\n\\nOrders over $49 will receive free shipping. This is a residential delivery\\nservice, with deliveries Monday through Friday from 9:00am to 8:00pm.\\n\\nLearn More\\n\\nEnter a valid US zip code\\n\\nSelection will refresh the page with with localized information\\n\\nShopping For Parts Find Parts for Your Bike: Selection will refresh the page\\nwith new results\\n\\nBrowse All Makes\\n\\n * Dirt Bike\\n * ATV\\n * Utility ATV\\n * UTV\\n * Street Bike\\n * Cruiser\\n\\nClear / Select New Bike Manage Saved Bikes\\n\\n# Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet\\n\\nBy: JC Current November 04, 2013\\n\\nThe most effective and important safety measure a motorcyclist can invest in\\nis the helmet. No other single piece of motorcycle gear provides more\\nprotection, or more return on investment, in the event of a crash. This\\nexplains why a motorcycle helmet should not be bought based on the price or\\nappearance. A rider should buy the best fitting, most highly rated helmet he\\nor she can afford.\\n\\nBuying a helmet requires a bit of research to understand the different shapes\\nand how to buy the best fit. In this motorcycle helmet sizing guide we cover\\nthe following essential aspects to choosing the correct motorcycle helmet:\\n\\n * Shape\\n * Sizing a Motorcycle Helmet\\n * Helmet Fit\\n * Types of Motorcycle Helmets\\n\\nBut first, it's important to know a little about safety ratings. All helmets\\napproved for use in the United States come with Department of Transportation\\n(DOT) rating. Other safety ratings include Snell and the Economic Commission\\nfor Europe (ECE). Snell and ECE tend to have more rigorous testing but that\\ndoesn't mean a DOT-only approved helmet is any less safe for highway travel.\\nYou can read more about safety ratings by reading The Big List of DOT, Snell &\\nECE Approved Motocross Helmets.\\n\\nThe bottom line is the best helmet is the one that fits is comfortable and\\nallows you to ride without inhibiting your range of motion or ability to\\nperform the necessary functions to safely operate a motorcycle.\\n\\n### Shape\\n\\nThe most important helmet fitting aspect to consider before determining helmet\\nsize is helmet shape. The shape of the rider's head plays a crucial role in\\nselecting a proper fitting motorcycle helmet. All helmet manufacturers design\\ntheir lids to fit a specific head shape. These often range across three\\nprimary designations - long oval, intermediate oval, and round oval.\\n\\n * Long Oval - Shaped for a head which is longer front-to-back (from forehead to the back of the skull) than it is side-to-side (ear to ear).\\n * Intermediate Oval - Shaped for a head which is slightly longer front-to-back than it is side-to-side. Most motorcycle helmets will fall into this category as it is the most common head shape; if a helmet does not state its shape, this is usually it.\\n * Round Oval - Shaped for a head which has almost identical front-to-back and side-to-side measurements.\\n\\nOnce the head shape is determined, it is easier to filter the enormous\\nselection of available motorcycle helmets down to a smaller, more appropriate\\nlist of those which will fit the rider's head. Now it is time to find the\\ncorrect size of the motorcycle helmet.\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n### Sizing a Motorcycle Helmet\\n\\nMeasuring for motorcycle helmet size is as simple as looking for a good fitted\\nhat. The difference is in how the helmet fits over the rider's head. The best\\ntool for this is a seamstress or tailor's tape measure. It is flexible enough\\nto wrap around the rider's skull and marked in useful increments for\\ndetermining an accurate size. Use it to find which size of helmet suits you:\\n\\n * Wrap the measuring tape around the fullest part of the head - this will be just above the ears and about a half-inch above the eyebrows for most - and take the measurement at the forehead. To get the most accurate measure, have a friend help with this step.\\n * Take the measurement and compare to the size chart on the page for the desired motorcycle helmet (you might have to scroll down). Each manufacturer has sizing which is specific to its own models, so only rely on the size chart produced for the motorcycle helmet being considered.\\n\\nSome variance occurs, even between different models from the same\\nmanufacturer, which is why MotoSport offers a \\\"Free First Exchange\\\" program if\\nyour helmet does not fit properly.\\n\\nExample of a motorcycle helmet size chart\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n### Helmet Fit\\n\\nWhen a new helmet is first worn, it should actually be slightly tight, with\\nthe interior coming into contact with most of the head, but not so restrictive\\nthat it causes any pain. There should be no \\\"hot spots\\\" - places where the\\nhelmet's interior puts pressure on specific points of the skull or face - but\\nit should not move around freely. With time, a helmet adjusts to match the\\nshape of the rider's head as it is worn, \\\"breaks-in\\\" and loosens a little.\\nHowever, it should never become loose enough to easily turn from side to side.\\n\\n * Put the helmet on - it should be a little tight as it goes on over the head.\\n * The helmet should sit on the head evenly with the eye port's upper edge just above the eyebrows and offer good peripheral vision to see side-to-side.\\n * Put a finger between the helmet interior and the head. If it easily fits, try a smaller size. Some helmet models allow a change in the cheek pads for better fitment, so consider this when checking for proper sizing.\\n\\nFinally, when deciding on a helmet style - it's mostly up to personal choice\\nfor color, patterns and shield tint but remember the brighter and easier to\\nsee a helmet the more likely drivers spot a rider. The face shield should not\\nobscure the rider's vision in any way and tinted visors should only be used\\nfor sunny days.\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n### Types of Motorcycle Helmets\\n\\nMotorcycle helmets come in different types, or styles, each offering certain\\nbenefits to address a rider's needs. Some riders like full all-around\\nprotection while others prefer a slim approach that mostly allows them to ride\\nlegally in those states that have helmet laws. Regardless, you have many\\noptions to choose from:\\n\\n * Full Face Helmets\\n * Modular Helmets\\n * ADV Dual Sport\\n * Open Face Helmets\\n * Half Shell Helmets\\n\\nClearly, deciding on the best motorcycle helmet can be a bit daunting. Read\\nPicking the Best Motorcycle Helmet which discuss these helmets a bit more in-\\ndepth and asks some questions that help you narrow down the best style of\\nhelmet for your riding style. Meanwhile, some popular suggestions in the\\nriding community include:\\n\\nICON Airflight - Full Face Helmet\\n\\nShoei Neotec II - Modular Helmet\\n\\nArai XD4 - Dual Sport Helmet\\n\\nHJC IS 5 - Open Face Helmet\\n\\nFly Racing 9MM - Half Shell Helmet\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\n### Conclusion\\n\\nA well-fitting motorcycle helmet contributes to a safer and more comfortable\\nride. If the helmet does not fit right, it can cause pain which often leads to\\ndangerous distractions, and it may not completely protect the rider's head in\\na crash. Therefore, finding a motorcycle helmet which fits the rider correctly\\nis very important to the helmet's twin missions of comfort and safety. Spend\\nenough time finding the right helmet and you will find that the helmet almost\\ndisappears while wearing and yet it is right where it needs to be should the\\nride go wrong. Be smart. Be safe. Ride with a correctly sized motorcycle\\nhelmet and enjoy the road for years to come.\\n\\n## Tags:\\n\\nriding tips | street bike | Street Bike | buying guide | JC Current\\n\\n### Related Content\\n\\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\\n * Avoiding Edge Traps on a Motorcycle\\n * How To Ride a Motorcycle in the Rain\\n * Hazards of Motorcycle Riding in the Fall\\n\\n### More Street Bike Riding Tips\\n\\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\\n * Avoiding Edge Traps on a Motorcycle\\n * How To Ride a Motorcycle in the Rain\\n * Hazards of Motorcycle Riding in the Fall\\n\\n### Other Street Bike Content\\n\\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\\n * Ask a Mechanic: How to Start a Motorcycle Without a Key\\n * Alpinestars Airbag - Tech Air 5\\n * The Wonderful World of Commuting on Motorcycle\\n\\n### Most Popular Content\\n\\n * How To Make A Dirt Bike Street Legal\\n * Kids Dirt Bikes - Choosing the Right Starter Bike\\n * 5 Mistakes Dirt Bike Beginners Make\\n * 2 Stroke vs 4 Stroke Dirt Bike - How They Measure Up On The Track\\n * How To Read and Check Your Motorcycle or ATV VIN\\n\\n#### Contact Us\\n\\n1-888-676-8853\\n\\nEmail Us\\n\\n#### Sign Up\\n\\n#### Follow Us\\n\\n * Visit MotoSport on Facebook\\n * Visit MotoSport on Twitter\\n * Visit MotoSport on YouTube\\n * Visit MotoSport on Instagram\\n * Visit MotoSport on Pinterest\\n\\n#### Customer Reviews\\n\\n#### Your Account\\n\\n * Sign In\\n * Order Status\\n * Returns & Exchanges\\n * FAQ\\n * International Orders\\n\\n#### Company\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Careers\\n * Press Releases\\n * Affiliate Program\\n * B2B Program\\n * Government Orders\\n * MotoSport Roanoke\\n\\n#### MotoSport Blog\\n\\n * Riding Tips\\n * Tech Tips\\n * Lifestyle\\n * Product Reviews\\n * Racing\\n\\n#### We Support the Rider\\n\\n * Rider Down\\n * Road to Recovery\\n * Roadracing World Action Fund\\n * Amateur Rider Support\\n * PulpMX Show\\n\\n#### Additional Site Links\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Data\\n * Shipping Policy\\n * Taxes & Fees\\n * Accessibility Statement\\n * Site Map\\n * Shop All Brands\\n * Shop All Rides\\n\\nPart of the Backcountry Family:\\n\\n * Backcountry.com\\n * Competitive Cyclist\\n * SteepandCheap.com\\n * Alpinetrek\\n\\nCopyright 2004-2020 MotoSport, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Selected content\\ncopyright and trademark respective companies, used with permission.\\n\\nmotorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet\\n\\nblog\\n\\nmotorcycle\\n\\nLogged Out\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20161224071339/http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Follow these easy steps - Nutcase Helmets\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The proper helmet fit is an important factor for safety and comfort. Here at Nutcase, we want to ensure that you get the best protection from injury and the maximum performance with a properly sized helmet. A snug, aligned fit will achieve a safe and secure ride. Below are simple steps in determining the proper helmet size. Remember to always ride safely!\",\n \"Measure the circumference of your head with a tape measure. Place the tape measure slightly above the ear and bring it across the mid forehead completely circling the head about 1 inch above the eyebrows. Take several measurements to make sure you have the largest size. If you do not have a tape measure, use a string and measure it against a ruler. The charts linked below will assist you on which size is the best helmet fit. If a measurement falls in between a size, go up to the larger size.\",\n \"Once you have determined your helmet size, try it on. The helmet should be worn level on the head and not slide or move freely when you roll your head from side to side. If this is the case, you have a helmet that is too large. Extra padding may help provide a better, more snug fit.\",\n \"Be sure the front of the helmet lays just above your eyebrows and that the back of the helmet does not touch the nape of your neck. The chin strap should fit snug but not too tight to cause discomfort or choking. Securely fasten the chin strap and try to roll the helmet off your head. If the skin on your forehead moves slightly, you have a good fit. Feel free to mix and match pad set sizes to achieve the best fit.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Bike Helmet Sizing | Helmet Size Chart | Follow these easy steps - Nutcase\\nHelmets\\n\\n * Bike\\n * Metroride\\n * Skate\\n * Little Nutty\\n * Baby Nutty\\n * Water\\n * Moto\\n * Bells & Accessories\\n * Sale\\n\\n# Helmet Fit Guide\\n\\nDetermining Your Helmet Size\\n\\nThe proper helmet fit is an important factor for safety and comfort. Here at\\nNutcase, we want to ensure that you get the best protection from injury and\\nthe maximum performance with a properly sized helmet. A snug, aligned fit will\\nachieve a safe and secure ride. Below are simple steps in determining the\\nproper helmet size. Remember to always ride safely!\\n\\nStep 1: Measurement\\n\\nMeasure the circumference of your head with a tape measure. Place the tape\\nmeasure slightly above the ear and bring it across the mid forehead completely\\ncircling the head about 1 inch above the eyebrows. Take several measurements\\nto make sure you have the largest size. If you do not have a tape measure, use\\na string and measure it against a ruler. The charts linked below will assist\\nyou on which size is the best helmet fit. If a measurement falls in between a\\nsize, go up to the larger size.\\n\\n * Bike/Skate Size Chart\\n * Little Nutty Size Chart\\n * Metroride Size Chart\\n * Baby Nutty Size Chart\\n * Snow Size Chart\\n * Water Size Chart\\n * Moto Size Chart\\n\\nStep 2: Try it on\\n\\nOnce you have determined your helmet size, try it on. The helmet should be\\nworn level on the head and not slide or move freely when you roll your head\\nfrom side to side. If this is the case, you have a helmet that is too large.\\nExtra padding may help provide a better, more snug fit.\\n\\nStep 3: Proper fit\\n\\nBe sure the front of the helmet lays just above your eyebrows and that the\\nback of the helmet does not touch the nape of your neck. The chin strap should\\nfit snug but not too tight to cause discomfort or choking. Securely fasten the\\nchin strap and try to roll the helmet off your head. If the skin on your\\nforehead moves slightly, you have a good fit. Feel free to mix and match pad\\nset sizes to achieve the best fit.\\n\\n# Fit Videos\\n\\n### Metroride\\n\\n### Street: Bike, Skate, and Little Nutty\\n\\n### Baby Nutty\\n\\n#### Questions?\\n\\n * Return Policy\\n * Customer Service\\n * Helmet Fit Guide\\n\\n#### Keep Up With Us\\n\\nTwitter Facebook YouTube Instagram Pinterest Flickr\\n\\n#### Contact Us\\n\\n * 1-866-956-8889\\n * Email Us\\n * nutcasehelmets.com\\n * Request a Return\\n * Warranty\\n\\n©2016 Nutcase, Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20150904082319/http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Youth Batting helmet size chart\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"| Head Measurements| Hat Size| Helmet Size to Order ---|---|--- 20- 20 3/4\\\"| 6 3/8”-6 1/2”| X-Small 20 3/4- 21 1/4\\\"| 6 5/8”-6 3/4”| Small 21 5/8- 22\\\"| 6 7/8”-7”| Medium 22 3/8- 22 3/4\\\"| 7 1/8” - 7 1/4”| Large 23 1/8- 23 1/2\\\"| 7 3/8” - 7 1/2”| X-Large\",\n \"OSFA will fit hat sizes 6 3/8 to 7 1/2. Helmet will be tight on larger sizes. It is recommended that if your child measures larger than 7\\\" that you select a sized helmet (L or XL) for best fit.\",\n \"OSFA helmets have a ponytail channel inside the helmet. This allows the helmet to slip over the player's ponytail without needing a hole or molded channel. Because the OSFA has the ponytail channel hidden inside it is suitable for both boys and girls.\",\n \"Helmets should always be inspected before each use. Do not use any helmet that is damaged, cracked, or has lost or torn foam padding. No helmet can protect from all possible injuries. Please use common sense when participating in any sport or activity.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Youth Batting helmet size chart\\n\\nLive chat hosted software \\n \\n--- \\n \\nUp Helmet Description Helmet Sizes Helmet Colors Paint Colors Help Ordering\\nOnline\\n\\n|\\n\\n### Youth Batting Helmet Size Chart\\n\\nIt is important that the player wears the correct size helmet for maximum\\nprotection.\\n\\nMeasure around the head, just above the brow\\n\\n| Head Measurements| Hat Size| Helmet Size to Order \\n---|---|--- \\n20- 20 3/4\\\"| 6 3/8”-6 1/2”| X-Small \\n20 3/4- 21 1/4\\\"| 6 5/8”-6 3/4”| Small \\n21 5/8- 22\\\"| 6 7/8”-7”| Medium \\n22 3/8- 22 3/4\\\"| 7 1/8” - 7 1/4”| Large \\n23 1/8- 23 1/2\\\"| 7 3/8” - 7 1/2”| X-Large \\n \\nOSFA will fit hat sizes 6 3/8 to 7 1/2. Helmet will be tight on larger sizes.\\nIt is recommended that if your child measures larger than 7\\\" that you select a\\nsized helmet (L or XL) for best fit.\\n\\nChildren over age 14 should order Sized helmets and not OSFA\\n\\n> OSFA helmets have a ponytail channel inside the helmet. This allows the\\n> helmet to slip over the player's ponytail without needing a hole or molded\\n> channel. Because the OSFA has the ponytail channel hidden inside it is\\n> suitable for both boys and girls.\\n>\\n> Helmets should always be inspected before each use. Do not use any helmet\\n> that is damaged, cracked, or has lost or torn foam padding. No helmet can\\n> protect from all possible injuries. Please use common sense when\\n> participating in any sport or activity. \\n \\nTeam Discounts Contests-Freebies Fundraisers Reseller Info Link to Us Links\\nNew Items Newsletter HELP\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":394,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":5905,"string":"5,905"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Simplify Your Life"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To simplify your life, try to get rid of unnecessary stuff by tossing out or donating things you don't use anymore or clothes that you never wear. Also, work on letting go of friends that constantly cause drama since they can make your life feel more chaotic and complicated. In your spare time, focus on doing simple, relaxing activities, like taking a bath, reading a book, or going on a hike. You should limit your social media usage too since all of the posts and status updates can be overwhelming."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20201128081747/https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001742/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life","http://web.archive.org/web/20210831125731/https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210514070101/https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201128081747/https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001742/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210831125731/https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514070101/https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":665,"string":"665"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201128081747/https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/","parsed_text":{"title":"21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Slow Your Home","passages":["You want to live a simpler life, I know. That’s why you’re here, right? To create a life of simplicity, contentment and optimism.","But can I tell you something? Your life will not change, you will not be able to create that life you want unless you take action.","I want to make it easier for you to take action and move ahead on your journey to a simpler life. So all you have to do is set aside some time – anywhere between 10 minutes and an hour to tackle one of the 21 simple actions below.","This is hands-down the best way to tidy and declutter a space in a short period of time. You can apply it to just one room at a time (strongly recommended), or if you’re feeling ambitious or particularly over-run with clutter – tackle all the main areas of the home.","Moving quickly – pick up each and every item in that room that does not belong, or is out of place. Place them in the laundry basket.","Once full, empty the contents of the laundry basket on the dining table or a clear space on the floor.","Sort items into piles – according to where they belong, as well as a pile for rubbish/donations/items that do not belong to you.","Recent studies have shown that those of us who are regularly grateful for the good in our lives are likely to be more physically active, feel more content in our day-to-day lives and suffer less health problems.","Once a week, spend ten minutes writing down 5-10 people/acts/events/things you are grateful for. Just one sentence per entry is enough.","The Gratitude studies have shown that over-doing the gratitude journalling may have the opposite effect. Over time we become immune to the feeling of well- being gained through gratitude and lose the positive benefit.","Although I personally tend to think it would take a lot to over-do this. I can see no harm in thinking on the positives each morning or as you go to bed at night.","I’m not entirely sure when “living room” came to mean “room where we watch television”, but that seems to be the purpose of most living rooms in most homes.","But really, you want the living room to function in a number of ways, not only as a space to watch television.","In fact, you really should take the emphasis of the room away from mindless television viewing and instead encourage lingering conversations, nights spent reading books and listening to music.","Look at the furniture you own and decide if it all needs to stay. Are you able to wall mount your TV? Get rid of the entertainment unit?","Bring a selection of your book and music collections out to encourage you to read or listen rather than automatically reaching for the remote at the end of the day.","Indoor plants help detoxify the air inside our homes, by filtering the airborne toxins and fumes through the soil. They also help provide a point of calm and have been shown to improve productivity.","Leave your new plants in their plastic pots and simply place in a decorative pot. This means you’re able to change out your plants and pots without having to re-pot every time.","Spend some time being kind to your new plants, watering and feeding them well for the first few months. Slowly ease back on the TLC, allowing the plant to “harden off” and acclimatise to its new environment.","Pay attention to the changing watering needs. In summer the plants will need watering 2-3 times a week, while in winter this will drop back to once every 2-3 weeks.","Clutter attracts clutter, so a dining table with knick knacks, or papers or craft items permanently scattered across it will be far more likely to end up a catch-all for incoming mail, handbags, etc. AKA A Clutter Magnet.","What good do these items do, what joy do they bring if you keep them locked away in a cabinet to be used for special occasions only?","White space allows us to highlight items of beauty and meaning. Items that are special to us. Items that we are choosing to surround ourselves with.","Live with that empty space for a week, then put one thing and one thing only back in that space. Make it something beautiful or meaningful.","Preparation is half the battle in getting organised, so make your mornings easier – regardless of what they entail – by preparing yourself the night before:","Take one minute to clear the sink and wipe down the benchtops – it’s remarkable the difference it makes to your morning to walk into a clean kitchen.","Pull out your clothes and the clothes for your kids. If they’re old enough to dress themselves, then this is one less task for you in the morning.","Set the table for breakfast. An action as simple as putting bowls, plates, cutlery and coffee cups out means people can serve themselves as they get ready. Even young kids are able to pour cereal and milk.","Pack your bags. Prepare your work bag, the kids school bags or the nappy bag with everything (except lunches) that need to leave the house.","Find a place in your cupboards for the kettle, toaster, blender and any other appliances that currently reside on the benchtop. It takes approximately 6 seconds to put these back after use and your kitchen will be so much easier on the eye and far less likely to become cluttered.","This one change will keep your pantry tidy and uncluttered – meaning you’re far less likely to waste food and far more likely to keep the pantry organised.","All you need is one or two shelves elsewhere in your house. Consider using a cupboard in the laundry or a shelf in the linen closet – providing it’s easy to access and out of view, anywhere will work.","Use this space to store extra flour, breakfast cereals, sugar, pasta, pasta sauce, tinned tomatoes and beans, rice, quinoa, long-life milk, stocks etc.","Fortnightly or monthly meal planning is made much easier by having the space set aside to store bulkier pantry staples","Meal planning is one of the best things you can do to encourage a simpler way of living. It means:","Decide how often you will write out your meal plan. Weekly? Fortnightly? I have a friend who plans her family meals 10 weeks at a time. Just establish what works best for you.","How will you write the plan itself? I use the age-old method of pen and paper, but there are multiple apps, beautiful printables and online programs you can use to get you sorted.","I simply take a piece of paper, write out the menu for the coming fortnight on the bottom half and the grocery list on the top half. It’s easiest to do it all at once, to ensure no ingredients are missed.","From my own experience, and what people have told me, I think there are two reasons [why making your bed every day is such a key to happiness]:","First, making your bed is a step that’s quick and easy, yet makes a big difference. Everything looks neater. It’s easier to find your shoes. Your bedroom is a more peaceful environment. For most people, outer order contributes to inner calm.","Second, sticking to any resolution – no matter what it is – brings satisfaction. You’ve decided to make some change, and you’ve stuck to it. Because making my bed is one of the first things I do in the morning, I start the day feeling efficient, productive, and disciplined.","An exit drawer is a place for you to keep everything that needs to leave your house when you do. It’s a place to store left-behind items, letters that need posting, clothes that need repair and bills that need paying.","Starting (and using) your exit drawer is one sure-fire way to reduce clutter. You will clear your home of things that don’t belong there, and you will clear your head of “things I need to remember when I leave”.","Nothing hi-tech, just a space that you have set aside as your exit drawer. Ideally, it wouldn’t be used as anything else. Just your exit drawer.","It could literally be a drawer in your hallway. It could be a basket inside your coat closet. It could be a calico bag hung up on your hat stand.","Then – this is the really easy part – put things in it that don’t belong to you. Those jackets, socks, toys, plates etc. Put them right in your drawer.","Add to that anything you need to remember for an upcoming errand or take to an upcoming appointment. Your referral, that bill you need to pay or the letters that need posting.","Then – and this is the tricky part – remember to look in that drawer every time you leave the house. Every time.","Have a box – yes, a plain old box – where you can put the items you’ve decluttered, ready for donation.","When the box is full, take it to your local charity collection depot, op shop, thrift store or homeless shelter.","Why do you want to live simpler life? What do you crave about it? Why are you passionate about creating a slower home? A simpler life?","Write down your goals. What do you want from this change? Where do you feel the greatest need to slow down and simplify? What do you stand to gain?","Check your answers. You need to be in this for the right reasons. You need to understand that you come to simple living from a unique place. Your journey won’t look like anyone else’s. And that’s fine. Great, even. Perfect.","If your financial situation is less than ideal, then talking about it or even thinking about it is likely to cause stress. You may break into a sweat, you may argue with your husband, you may feel sick or guilty or both.","But here’s the kicker – to make it any better, to escape the financial maze, to free yourself from the constant stress and worry – you need to face facts. And often that means having a difficult conversation.","If you do this, if you are brave enough, I can guarantee you will feel a weight off your shoulders. You won’t find an extra $10,000 hiding somewhere, but you will know where you are. Then – and only then – can you start to move forward, towards the simpler life you want.","Once you understand how much money comes in, what your expenses really are and what financial goals you have, you can create a budgeting system that works for you.","Which in turn means you can rest easier, knowing there is enough money for bills, groceries, unexpected extras. As well as paying down debt or saving for a house deposit/holiday/car.","I’ve written a three-part series on how to manage your household budget. You can check out the three parts here and get your finances in order today:","Make a goal of decluttering 100 items this month. Or to remove 5 things from each room today. Or to cull 2012 items in a year.","If you share your aspirations for a simpler life with others, as well as the efforts you go to – the benefits are two-fold:","You will inspire others to action and possibly introduce them to a simpler way of living. Which is all kinds of awesome.","1. Clear your bed of any clutter or mess – this will be your workspace 2. Set up two plastic bags/boxes – one is for donation and one is for things to throw away 3. Starting with just one section of the wardrobe (hanging clothes, or shoes, or folded clothes etc) take everything out. Lay them all on your bed, and do not move on until you’ve completely dealt with this current section. 4. Pick up each piece of clothing and ask yourself:","Is it in good condition? If not, do I love it enough to have it repaired? No? Let it go.","Do I feel good wearing this? This is a big one – it doesn’t matter how beautiful it is, unless you feel good wearing it, it will languish in the back of your wardrobe, taunting you. Let it go.","Does it fit me well? Again, it doesn’t matter how gorgeous it is or how much it cost, if it doesn’t fit well, then you won’t wear it. Let it go.","Is there a good reason to keep it? If it is in incredibly good condition, is very well made, and is a classic style (think black blazer, little black dress, black pumps) then you may want to keep it. But unless it is all of those things, then let it go.","5. Don’t put the item down until you have decided where it goes. If you decide to keep it, then return it to the correct spot in your wardrobe, otherwise put it in your donate or throw away bag. 6. If you’re really torn, you can add things to a holding box and if there’s nothing you need/want in it over the following 6 months, you can safely donate everything in there, without opening it. 7. Move on to the next section and repeat the steps above. This is where you can choose how long you spend on this task. If you’re short on time, then you should just tackle one of these sections per day. But if you can find the time, you really should keep going. You will thank me when you’re done! 8. Once the entire wardrobe has been decluttered, it’s time to organise what remains. Keep similar items together.","It’s a trendy buzzword, I know. But meditation has huge benefits for everyone – including those of us searching for a simpler life.","If you’ve never meditated before, or if you’re looking for a quick, easy exercise you can do daily, then read on. What follows is more a mindfulness exercise, but one that is incredibly effective:","Touch: I can feel the carpet beneath my feet. The seat under my butt. My shirt on my shoulders. My fingers are cold.","Sound: I can hear both of my littles stirring in bed, the rain outside and the tap of my keyboard.","Sight: I can see my computer monitor, a glass of water, a cup of pencils, the shadow from the blinds on the windowsill.","Immersing yourself in your immediate surroundings, actively thinking about each of those things, means you’re taken out of your own head for a moment. That pressing issue, that rising anxiety, that thing that’s stressing you out – it’s gone. At least for those moments.","It’s a simple thing to do, you can do it anywhere, and over time, it will teach you to be more present and pay attention to what is currently happening, rather than getting caught up in the complexities of what-ifs, whens and whys.","Before you can make sweeping and lasting changes to your life, you need to understand where it is you’re coming from.","If you don’t start out from a place of acceptance, then all the work you put in to creating a simpler, slower life will be overshadowed by feelings of inadequacy, guilt and comparison.","Until you accept the place you’re currently in, it will prove almost impossible to make meaningful changes to your life. You will be too busy feeling inadequate!","I don’t mean you should stop improving yourself, or stop learning, or stop attaining new skills. But don’t try to squish your square shape into that round hole any more. Some things will simply prove harder for you than for others. Accept it and move on.","So stop trying to reach the finish line in the shortest time possible. The finish line keeps moving and this is not a race.","Reading blogs on your smartphone is not doing nothing. Just as browsing Pinterest is not fueling your dreams. So take one minute, turn off your laptop, leave your phone inside and relish in unplugging.","The key to making many of the actions above work for you is to do them consistently. Like with any major life changes, many of them need to become habit before you reap the biggest benefit, but starting with the actions above will get you well on your way to a simpler, slower life.","And as I said at the beginning, you don’t have to do everything on this list, just pick the ones that will work best for you right now.","Great post, succinct and exactly what I needed to read right now. I feel I am in a turning point in my life and need to take action!","[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter holding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They begin each day focusing on its potential. And they reorient [...]","love the White Space suggestion! Spent most of the day yesterday doing my wardrobe...my trunk is full of donations for charity! feels so good :)","Slowly incorporating these actions into my overwhelming life, still not receiving the bootcamp e-mails regularly though, so it’s great receiving these posts for more inspiration","[...] slow your home This entry was posted in home, intention, simply and tagged living simpler by leah. Bookmark the [...]","[...] Here are 21 simple actions you can take to improve your life. Sometimes these lists are a bit obvious, but this is actually a really nifty list, and I recommend reading it and actioning some (or all!) the tips. [...]","Hi Ya, Started reading this tonight and it was like something came over me and I went on this frenzy of decluttering my kitchen and I am now looking round after 2 hours and I am so pleased, even if it is almost 11 pm !!! Thanks for being so inspiring and I love getting your regular updates.","I personally was basically looking for recommendations for my very own web site and observed your posting, 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life | Slow Your Home","[...] my blog reading I came across this very inspirational post on Slow Your Home. I don’t know if this is a sign that I am now [...]","I’m a total fan of the laundry basket trick! I’ve been doing this for years and it is the best method for me hands down! It’s nice to see someone else lugging around their full laundry basket, too! LOL","I’ll add my recent personal favourite: spend time researching and checking out suppliers for weekly or regular things. Have one (realistically two) places only where you shop for any important things – food, your clothes, kids clothes, household. Choose the supermarket or supplier you can rely on to pre- select items of a quality/style/price/ethos you favour. Then you can cut down your shopping around (as I used to do) AND support good retailing!","[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving de-cluttering method I learned from Brooke of Slow Your [...]","Normally I don’t read article on blogs, however I would like to say that this write-up very compelled me to take a look at and do it! Your writing style has been amazed me. Thanks, quite great article.","[...] When it comes to de-cluttering your life and your wardrobe, most people have the same advice. There are tons of great tutorials online and many inspiring stories. I know, because right after I decided to whittle my wardrobe down to 100 items, I procrastinated for about a week and nothing but read other people’s blogs instead of unpacking. The Nif En L’Air is a gorgeous blog and the writer takes an analytical approach to her own successes and failures at honing her wardrobe. And there’s more inspiration here and here. [...]","Thank you, very helpful. My parents had a two small closets. Mom had five nice coats, five handbags and 2 evening clutches! I had to ask myself how come I have 25 coats and 42 purses? Three closet filled to the brim I emptied two closets and took the stuff to a consignment, a buy, sell trade place they took most of it and just wrote me a check I gave the rest to a women’s work program. Problems solved. We consigned our much of our furniture and got rid of tons of stuff it feels so good to have an empty house, where energy can move freely.","[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter holding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They begin each day focusing on its potential. And they [...]","Great list, ready to simplify my life! Yesterday I walked in both kids rooms with a small garbage can with the goal of throwing at least 10 things away, in just a few minutes. I threw so much more away, it felt wonderful!","[...] The Quick Clutter bust. Still my favorite chore-cum-excercise, because speed is of the essence here. I put on some upbeat, [...]","I think I have a lot to do but if I do them slowly I think I can .... I suffer with bipolar and I love the time. U say to take out and ” smell the roses” thak you","This is a great list. I have found focusing on gratitude over the last few years has really changed my perspective as a special needs mom who has faced various personal challenges. I am going to share this over at http://facebook.com/wellplannedgal. Thank you!","This article would’ve been good. Why isn’t it? The author seems to think everyone reading this is someone’s mother. I’m 18 years old, and would like to say that good and effective writing comes from making the work universally applicable and impactful to the reader. By assuming the reader is a female, and secondly, someone’s mom or grand mom, the effectiveness and merit has been greatly reduced.","I strongly believe that men and other humans who have not produced other humans, ‘nor wish to ever, can also take 21 quick actions to simplify their life.","That’s the thing about perspective though, isn’t it? I can’t write from the perspective of an 18-year-old’s needs anymore, as I am not 18. If I wrote this article with actions applicable to everyone, then they would be so broad and so vague as to be useless. So instead, I write from my perspective for people who either share a similar worldview or who are willing to set aside our differences and glean from my writing what they will. It’s OK if none of these actions apply to you, but they do apply to a lot of people. :)","Thank You,Brooke-this is my new go-to page for a reminder of how I’m travelling as far as simplifying my home. There is much to be done but all do- able-I appreciate the way you’ve simplified the approach to each task. Very encouraging piece, I’m inspired to finish what I’ve started. Thanks again!","I like this post, and your blog. What I like about your blog is that it englobes all aspects of life. All the other blogs I’ve been Reading focus too much on organizing, cleaning and budgeting. Well, yours include that, but it’s not the main goal. I like that, as THAT is what I need.","Living a simple life doesn’t mean you don’t have to take action for yourself. And this 21 quick actions you can do to simplify your life is really great help. Thanks to this!","I found your website through the Northwest Earth Institute’s blog. I LOVE it! I have bookmarked you as a favorite to read regularly. Thank you for speaking on voluntary simplicity. I am currently putting together a voluntary simplicity discussion group in my local community. In kindness, Melinda Engel, melindaengel.com","[...] you’re still not sure where to start, let us suggest 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life from the blog Slow Your Home. Some of the tips are about decluttering your home, others are about [...]","Howdy! I simply want to offer you a big thumbhs up forr the excelklent ibfo yoou have got here on thi post. I am cominng back to your site ffor more soon.","Great list! Have already begun decluttering my home and starting to see a difference. Will be putting my home up for sale soon and really need it to look its best. I find i have no difficulty tossing out stuff that belongs to me, but, find it hard to motivate my family to pare down their belongings. Will keep trying! Thanks for all the great advice! Eileen","I just wanted to say how much I enjoy your blog. I discovered you at the beginning of the year through (I think) ‘A simple kinda life’? I keep coming back as your writing and experiences resonate with me. Great ideas; somewhat challenging to put them all into practise living with my teenage, technology crazed, ‘floordrobe’ roomed twin boys but I keep trying. Thank you for the continuing inspiration.","This list is absolutely brilliant! Thank you, thank you, thank you for compiling so many useful, great ideas in one place. I love how you timed certain things. We tend to assume a task is more grueling and time consuming that it actually is and that’s why we procrastinate. When you think about how it only takes 6 seconds to put that blender up, it’s not so hard to make time to just go ahead and do it, NOW.","[...] year Brooke from Slow Your Home super simplified her home. Like not just a little, she did a LOT. She shares 21 tips you can use to simplify quickly. I also saw a friend on Instagram simplify by minimalising over a month, she did one thing on the [...]","[...] 8. Slow Your Home I really enjoy reading Brooke’s articles and she walks through how to live simply and purposefully. Her current series, the A-Z of Simple Living is wonderful and you should also read 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life. [...]","I adore your site. Must tell ya that the plants you listed with the exception of bamboo are all highly toxic for cats, especially the Peace Lily. Could be fatal or very harmful if ingested. Please note this in your plant action section (#4). You can get a list of cat friendly plants if you scope out more than one site on the subject because there are some schools that say spider plants are ok but they are not. Mildly toxic, but still, not great. Thanks! And keep up the great work, I love your voice. You are one of the few who motivate me to be able to manage this mess. Thank you.","PS: Bamboo is ok, so are orchids, which I love, jade trees and Christmas cactus (but not most other succulents), to name a few that are kitty safe.","[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because meditation is one of the things I put near the [...]","I love this list! My husband and I are taking a journey into being minimalists and I’ve got to say, it’s so much more fulfilling the plugging along in the ratrace :) We live in a tiny home and blog about our life and learning too! Thank you for the ideas!","[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]","Have you ever forgotten someone’s special occasion or have been forced to shop for a gift the day before your friend’s birthday? Gift Handler is an online service that emails you three great personalized ideas for a present in time to mark the event. Spend a few minutes describing each person on your list and your price range so you won’t have to worry about gift shopping for the rest of the year.","[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because meditation is one of the things I put near the [...]","[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]","This is great! As I read through the list I was “Yes. YES. YES!” Wish I’d written the list, but I just might write a blog post about your list and provide a link. Less is more. Thank you.","[...] Some healthy decluttering is a good thing and methods are plentiful – as in these links here, here and here for example. And just to be clear, not all procrastination is bad and can be good [...]","楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ブランドコピー,商品の 代引き販売.2015春夏新作 BOTTEGA VENETA?ボッテガヴェネタコピー?財布 新品 ヴィンテージ ラムスキン 編み込み L字ファスナー 長財布こちらは業界一人気のボッテガ?ヴェネタスーパーコピー専門ショップです!5年間以上 のボッテガ?ヴェネタコピー品販売実績を持っている信用できるスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ専門店!当店はボッテガヴェネタ 財布 コピー を激安で通販しているネット専門店です。ボッテガ ラウンドファスナー財布コピーやボッテガヴェネタ二つ折財布コピーなどを取り揃えてい ます。全商品はプロの目にも分からないボッテガ財布スーパーコピーN品です。 楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ボッテガヴェネタ新作のスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ商品満載。ブランドコピーボッテガヴェネタ商品は人気商品です。是非ご覧 ください。 ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク ミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ ピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ、エルメス、パネライ、パテックフィリップ偽物(コピー商品)のブランドの腕時計の販売、通販。 http://www.ooowatch.com/kabann/vuitton/index.html","[...] were worn because I noticed something really beautiful today. Before simplifying my life and slowing down, a normal day with my sister would have consisted of shopping. Buying things that I told myself I [...]","Thank you for this wise action list. Just reading your thoughts feels calming. Have been on rewarding simplified journey with the love of my life hubby almost three years now that began with removing years of storage and large basement furniture (3 livestock trailer loads to charity/auction destinations, regular car loads of household goods/clothing to donation sites), purging personal items, and becoming debt free. While reading your words, I found myself nodding at the similarities we’ve also experienced that brought peace to our home . . . in the midst of busy lives. My journey began with gratitude, a desire for order, and simpler rhythm to our lives like our beginning in our small log cabin home we built in Alaska. In much appreciation, Debbie","What a brilliant post! Such practical ideas. A lot of them, I do – I am always rearranging my living room! But many ideas I don’t. Small things make such a difference like making the bed every day!! Do you mind if I share a link to your post on my blog and Facebook? You are very good at this. Please keep sharing your ideas.","Well I thought I was stressed out because of too much going on and too many things to worry about. This article shows me that I am actually quite anal about being organised because I do all of the above things that the article recommends. My simplifying must be about having too many unfinished worries... and responsibilities. Do you fancy doing an article on this?","I love your idea of setting out items for breakfast. I already set out my clothes and my daughters. Thanks for the great ideas. :)","I enjoyed your work... Doing some of it and am thankful- I am on my way. took years to get cluttered so I know it takes time to unclutter. coming from hoarding parents- I’m determined to change!","Excellent blog. You cover everything including things I have not even considered. A very holistic approach to simple, mindful living and decluttering is just the icing. Thank you for your ideas.","Excellent article – very well written. I have already been decluttering since last year, and the satisfaction I felt, is unimaginable. Clearing the house from clutter, is clearing the mind, and this unbelievable sense of freedom. I am still going on. One should re-read your article every now and then, to ensure that one does not get out of this line. Many many thanks to you XXX","I thought that I’d done an exhaustive search, but discovered some new resources from your list. Thanks! I am also on a vegan journey and feel strongly that veganism and minimalism make a logical pair.","I keep searching for inspiration to simplify my life. Most sites have the same things on them. You number 19 and 20 are something I’ve never run across before; and they are two things I believe will help me on my journey.","[...] leer un artículo muy bueno sobre estas pequeñas acciones y más, los invito a visitar este post de Slow Your [...]","[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]","We really loved your post – it’s the most definitive on the subject of minimalism we have found especially finding your own morning routine and adding some life with indoor plants. We are a team of life coaches who constantly speak to our clients about this so will no doubt be referring our clients to your amazing resource!!","I'm Brooke and I'm a firm advocate for the best things in life - naps, travel, a good book and spending as much time in nature as possible. I'm the host and creator of The Slow Home Podcast and the author of SLOW and Destination Simple, and I live in the Southern Highlands of NSW with my family and an ever-expanding veggie garden. Nice to meet you. x"]},"parsed_md":"21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Slow Your Home\n\n# 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life\n\nPosted on September 10, 2012 by Brooke McAlary • 92 Comments\n\nYou want to live a simpler life, I know. That’s why you’re here, right? To\ncreate a life of simplicity, contentment and optimism.\n\nBut can I tell you something? Your life will not change, you will not be able\nto create that life you want unless you take action.\n\nTake action. And take it today.\n\nI want to make it easier for you to take action and move ahead on your journey\nto a simpler life. So all you have to do is set aside some time – anywhere\nbetween 10 minutes and an hour to tackle one of the 21 simple actions below.\n\nJust one is enough.\n\nMore is better, but one is enough to start living a simpler life today.\n\nYou just have to take action.\n\n## Action #1: Perform a Clutter Bust (10-45 minutes)\n\nThis is hands-down the best way to tidy and declutter a space in a short\nperiod of time. You can apply it to just one room at a time (strongly\nrecommended), or if you’re feeling ambitious or particularly over-run with\nclutter – tackle all the main areas of the home.\n\nWhatever you choose – speed is the key here.\n\nHow to clutter-bust your home:\n\n 1. Grab an empty laundry basket.\n 2. Choose a room to begin.\n 3. Moving quickly – pick up each and every item in that room that does not belong, or is out of place. Place them in the laundry basket.\n 4. Every single thing.\n 5. Once full, empty the contents of the laundry basket on the dining table or a clear space on the floor.\n 6. Sort items into piles – according to where they belong, as well as a pile for rubbish/donations/items that do not belong to you.\n 7. Working through one pile at a time, take every item back to its rightful place.\n 8. Complete for each pile and whenever you feel the clutter begin to take over your home.\n\n## Action # 2: Practice Gratitude\n\nRecent studies have shown that those of us who are regularly grateful for the\ngood in our lives are likely to be more physically active, feel more content\nin our day-to-day lives and suffer less health problems.\n\nSound good?\n\nHow to Practice Gratitude and Reap the Benefits:\n\nOnce a week, spend ten minutes writing down 5-10 people/acts/events/things you\nare grateful for. Just one sentence per entry is enough.\n\nThat’s it. Just ten minutes a week will have truly positive impact on your\nhappiness and well being.\n\nIs That All? Ten Minutes a Week? What if I Do More? Will I Be Happier?\n\nThe Gratitude studies have shown that over-doing the gratitude journalling may\nhave the opposite effect. Over time we become immune to the feeling of well-\nbeing gained through gratitude and lose the positive benefit.\n\nAlthough I personally tend to think it would take a lot to over-do this. I can\nsee no harm in thinking on the positives each morning or as you go to bed at\nnight.\n\n## Action # 3: Rearrange Your Living Room (1-2 hours)\n\nI’m not entirely sure when “living room” came to mean “room where we watch\ntelevision”, but that seems to be the purpose of most living rooms in most\nhomes.\n\nBut really, you want the living room to function in a number of ways, not only\nas a space to watch television.\n\nIn fact, you really should take the emphasis of the room away from mindless\ntelevision viewing and instead encourage lingering conversations, nights spent\nreading books and listening to music.\n\nHow to Reclaim Your Living Room for Living:\n\n 1. Look at the furniture you own and decide if it all needs to stay. Are you able to wall mount your TV? Get rid of the entertainment unit?\n 2. Try moving the television to a side wall, rather than the main, focal wall.\n 3. Arrange your lounges or armchairs to face each other, rather than the television. This helps to encourage conversation.\n 4. Bring a selection of your book and music collections out to encourage you to read or listen rather than automatically reaching for the remote at the end of the day.\n\n## Action # 4: Add Some Life With Indoor Plants (1 hour – including purchase)\n\nIndoor plants help detoxify the air inside our homes, by filtering the\nairborne toxins and fumes through the soil. They also help provide a point of\ncalm and have been shown to improve productivity.\n\nSome plants that are particularly good for the air inside your home:\n\n * Dracaena (There are over 50 varieties of dracaena and all have excellent air-cleaning properties)\n * Peace/Madonna lilies (Spathyphyllum)\n * Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)\n * Weeping Fig/Ficus (Ficus benjamina)\n * Bamboo/Reed Palm (Chamaedorea sefritzii)\n\nGetting the most from your indoor plants:\n\nLeave your new plants in their plastic pots and simply place in a decorative\npot. This means you’re able to change out your plants and pots without having\nto re-pot every time.\n\nSpend some time being kind to your new plants, watering and feeding them well\nfor the first few months. Slowly ease back on the TLC, allowing the plant to\n“harden off” and acclimatise to its new environment.\n\nClean the leaves of your plants regularly by simply wiping over the leaves\nwith a clean, damp cloth.\n\nApply a slow release fertiliser every six months – in spring and autumn.\n\nPay attention to the changing watering needs. In summer the plants will need\nwatering 2-3 times a week, while in winter this will drop back to once every\n2-3 weeks.\n\n## Action # 5: Keep Your Dining Table Surface Clear (5 minutes)\n\nClutter attracts clutter, so a dining table with knick knacks, or papers or\ncraft items permanently scattered across it will be far more likely to end up\na catch-all for incoming mail, handbags, etc. AKA A Clutter Magnet.\n\nIf you desperately need something to decorate the space try one (and only\none!) of the following:\n\n * a simple bowl of fruit\n * a houseplant – an orchid, for example\n * a beautiful vase with or without flowers\n * a simple candle\n * a table runner\n * a pendant light suspended above the table\n * a colourful bowl\n\n## Action # 6: Use the “Good” Tableware and Glasses. (Daily)\n\nEven on random Tuesday nights.\n\nWhat good do these items do, what joy do they bring if you keep them locked\naway in a cabinet to be used for special occasions only?\n\nWhat’s more special than making memories with your family or friends – each\nand every night?\n\nThe Benefit of Using the Good Tableware:\n\n * no guilt at having them hidden away\n * less storage required as you use the good tableware daily and therefore won’t need a “daily set” of crockery\n * making use of something beautiful and special daily\n * practice mindfulness and gratitude by focusing on the gift that someone has given you\n\n## Action # 7: Create White Space\n\nWhite space allows us to highlight items of beauty and meaning. Items that are\nspecial to us. Items that we are choosing to surround ourselves with.\n\nWhite space is so incredibly important in creating a slow home and a simple\nlife.\n\nCreate white space in your home:\n\n 1. Choose one surface – one wall, one shelf, the mantle, your bedside table.\n 2. Remove everything from that one space.\n 3. Re-distribute, donate or toss those items.\n 4. Wipe the surface clean and leave it completely empty.\n 5. Live with that empty space for a week, then put one thing and one thing only back in that space. Make it something beautiful or meaningful.\n 6. Appreciate it.\n\n## Action # 8: Prepare Yourself for the Morning. (10 minutes)\n\nPreparation is half the battle in getting organised, so make your mornings\neasier – regardless of what they entail – by preparing yourself the night\nbefore:\n\n * Take one minute to clear the sink and wipe down the benchtops – it’s remarkable the difference it makes to your morning to walk into a clean kitchen.\n * Pull out your clothes and the clothes for your kids. If they’re old enough to dress themselves, then this is one less task for you in the morning.\n * Set the table for breakfast. An action as simple as putting bowls, plates, cutlery and coffee cups out means people can serve themselves as they get ready. Even young kids are able to pour cereal and milk.\n * Pack your bags. Prepare your work bag, the kids school bags or the nappy bag with everything (except lunches) that need to leave the house.\n\n## Action # 9: Find Storage for Your Kitchen Appliances (15 minutes)\n\nKeep your kitchen as clutter-free as possible by keeping the benchtops clear\nof appliances.\n\nFind a place in your cupboards for the kettle, toaster, blender and any other\nappliances that currently reside on the benchtop. It takes approximately 6\nseconds to put these back after use and your kitchen will be so much easier on\nthe eye and far less likely to become cluttered.\n\n## Action # 10: Create Secondary Storage for Pantry Items.\n\nThis one change will keep your pantry tidy and uncluttered – meaning you’re\nfar less likely to waste food and far more likely to keep the pantry\norganised.\n\nAll you need is one or two shelves elsewhere in your house. Consider using a\ncupboard in the laundry or a shelf in the linen closet – providing it’s easy\nto access and out of view, anywhere will work.\n\nUse this space to store extra flour, breakfast cereals, sugar, pasta, pasta\nsauce, tinned tomatoes and beans, rice, quinoa, long-life milk, stocks etc.\n\nThe benefits of having secondary storage:\n\n * It keeps the main pantry uncluttered\n * You always have something on hand for a simple, easy meal if caught out at the last minute\n * Fortnightly or monthly meal planning is made much easier by having the space set aside to store bulkier pantry staples\n\n## Action # 11: Meal Plan!\n\nMeal planning is one of the best things you can do to encourage a simpler way\nof living. It means:\n\n * No more last-minute trips to the grocery shop at 4:45pm, looking for inspiration for dinner.\n * You’re more aware of your spending habits, as you’re only buying once a week or even less.\n * You’re likely to eat a greater variety of foods because you’ve taken the time to plan ahead.\n\nTo tackle meal planning:\n\n 1. Decide how often you will write out your meal plan. Weekly? Fortnightly? I have a friend who plans her family meals 10 weeks at a time. Just establish what works best for you.\n 2. How will you write the plan itself? I use the age-old method of pen and paper, but there are multiple apps, beautiful printables and online programs you can use to get you sorted.\n\nI simply take a piece of paper, write out the menu for the coming fortnight on\nthe bottom half and the grocery list on the top half. It’s easiest to do it\nall at once, to ensure no ingredients are missed.\n\n## Action # 12: Make Your Bed Each and Every Day (5 minutes)\n\nNo-one says it better than Gretchen Rubin, the mastermind behind The Happiness\nProject:\n\n> From my own experience, and what people have told me, I think there are two\n> reasons [why making your bed every day is such a key to happiness]:\n>\n> First, making your bed is a step that’s quick and easy, yet makes a big\n> difference. Everything looks neater. It’s easier to find your shoes. Your\n> bedroom is a more peaceful environment. For most people, outer order\n> contributes to inner calm.\n>\n> Second, sticking to any resolution – no matter what it is – brings\n> satisfaction. You’ve decided to make some change, and you’ve stuck to it.\n> Because making my bed is one of the first things I do in the morning, I\n> start the day feeling efficient, productive, and disciplined.\n\n## Action #13: Start an Exit Drawer (1 hour)\n\nAn exit drawer is a place for you to keep everything that needs to leave your\nhouse when you do. It’s a place to store left-behind items, letters that need\nposting, clothes that need repair and bills that need paying.\n\nStarting (and using) your exit drawer is one sure-fire way to reduce clutter.\nYou will clear your home of things that don’t belong there, and you will clear\nyour head of “things I need to remember when I leave”.\n\nWhat do I Need?\n\nNothing hi-tech, just a space that you have set aside as your exit drawer.\nIdeally, it wouldn’t be used as anything else. Just your exit drawer.\n\nIt could literally be a drawer in your hallway. It could be a basket inside\nyour coat closet. It could be a calico bag hung up on your hat stand.\n\nWhatever/wherever it is, just commit to using it.\n\nWhat Do I Do?\n\nThen – this is the really easy part – put things in it that don’t belong to\nyou. Those jackets, socks, toys, plates etc. Put them right in your drawer.\n\nAdd to that anything you need to remember for an upcoming errand or take to an\nupcoming appointment. Your referral, that bill you need to pay or the letters\nthat need posting.\n\nThen – and this is the tricky part – remember to look in that drawer every\ntime you leave the house. Every time.\n\nAnd every time you have visitors. Every time.\n\n## Action #14: Start a Donate Box (5 minutes)\n\nMake decluttering easy – give yourself somewhere to keep the items you’re\ngiving away.\n\nHave a box – yes, a plain old box – where you can put the items you’ve\ndecluttered, ready for donation.\n\nWhen the box is full, take it to your local charity collection depot, op shop,\nthrift store or homeless shelter.\n\n## Action #15: Check Your Mindset\n\nWhy do you want to live simpler life? What do you crave about it? Why are you\npassionate about creating a slower home? A simpler life?\n\nYou need to know the answers before you can make headway.\n\nCheck your mindset:\n\n 1. Write down your goals. What do you want from this change? Where do you feel the greatest need to slow down and simplify? What do you stand to gain?\n 2. Write down your strengths. What are you already good at? Gardening? Organising? Planning? Cooking healthy, cheap meals?\n 3. Write down your weaknesses. What challenges will you face? What circumstances will make change harder for you?\n 4. Check your answers. You need to be in this for the right reasons. You need to understand that you come to simple living from a unique place. Your journey won’t look like anyone else’s. And that’s fine. Great, even. Perfect.\n 5. Get to it. Committing goals to paper helps you achieve them.\n\n## Action #16: Get Your Finances in Order (1-2 hours)\n\nIf your financial situation is less than ideal, then talking about it or even\nthinking about it is likely to cause stress. You may break into a sweat, you\nmay argue with your husband, you may feel sick or guilty or both.\n\nBut here’s the kicker – to make it any better, to escape the financial maze,\nto free yourself from the constant stress and worry – you need to face facts.\nAnd often that means having a difficult conversation.\n\nIf you do this, if you are brave enough, I can guarantee you will feel a\nweight off your shoulders. You won’t find an extra $10,000 hiding somewhere,\nbut you will know where you are. Then – and only then – can you start to move\nforward, towards the simpler life you want.\n\nWhy is it so Important?\n\nOnce you understand how much money comes in, what your expenses really are and\nwhat financial goals you have, you can create a budgeting system that works\nfor you.\n\nWhich in turn means you can rest easier, knowing there is enough money for\nbills, groceries, unexpected extras. As well as paying down debt or saving for\na house deposit/holiday/car.\n\nOK. How Do I Start?\n\nI’ve written a three-part series on how to manage your household budget. You\ncan check out the three parts here and get your finances in order today:\n\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 1\n\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 2\n\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 3\n\n## Action # 17: Be Accountable by Recording Your Simplifying Efforts.\n\nMake a goal of decluttering 100 items this month. Or to remove 5 things from\neach room today. Or to cull 2012 items in a year.\n\nThen tell people about it.\n\nBlog about it.\n\nBrag about it when you reach your goal.\n\nIf you share your aspirations for a simpler life with others, as well as the\nefforts you go to – the benefits are two-fold:\n\n 1. You are far more likely to achieve your goals when being held accountable.\n 2. You will inspire others to action and possibly introduce them to a simpler way of living. Which is all kinds of awesome.\n\n## Action #18: Declutter Your Wardrobe (1-2 hours)\n\nDo you have too many clothes, yet often, nothing to wear?\n\nThen you need to pay special attention to this task.\n\n1\\. Clear your bed of any clutter or mess – this will be your workspace 2. Set\nup two plastic bags/boxes – one is for donation and one is for things to throw\naway 3. Starting with just one section of the wardrobe (hanging clothes, or\nshoes, or folded clothes etc) take everything out. Lay them all on your bed,\nand do not move on until you’ve completely dealt with this current section. 4.\nPick up each piece of clothing and ask yourself:\n\n * Have I worn this in the last year? No? Let it go.\n * Is it in good condition? If not, do I love it enough to have it repaired? No? Let it go.\n * Do I feel good wearing this? This is a big one – it doesn’t matter how beautiful it is, unless you feel good wearing it, it will languish in the back of your wardrobe, taunting you. Let it go.\n * Does it fit me well? Again, it doesn’t matter how gorgeous it is or how much it cost, if it doesn’t fit well, then you won’t wear it. Let it go.\n * Is there a good reason to keep it? If it is in incredibly good condition, is very well made, and is a classic style (think black blazer, little black dress, black pumps) then you may want to keep it. But unless it is all of those things, then let it go.\n\n5\\. Don’t put the item down until you have decided where it goes. If you\ndecide to keep it, then return it to the correct spot in your wardrobe,\notherwise put it in your donate or throw away bag. 6. If you’re really torn,\nyou can add things to a holding box and if there’s nothing you need/want in it\nover the following 6 months, you can safely donate everything in there,\nwithout opening it. 7. Move on to the next section and repeat the steps above.\nThis is where you can choose how long you spend on this task. If you’re short\non time, then you should just tackle one of these sections per day. But if you\ncan find the time, you really should keep going. You will thank me when you’re\ndone! 8. Once the entire wardrobe has been decluttered, it’s time to organise\nwhat remains. Keep similar items together.\n\n## Action #19: Daily Meditation (5 minutes)\n\nIt’s a trendy buzzword, I know. But meditation has huge benefits for everyone\n– including those of us searching for a simpler life.\n\nMeditation brings perspective, it brings calm, it brings peace and leaves you\nfeeling grounded and well-prepared for the day.\n\nIf you’ve never meditated before, or if you’re looking for a quick, easy\nexercise you can do daily, then read on. What follows is more a mindfulness\nexercise, but one that is incredibly effective:\n\nTake a deep breath. Close your eyes. And think of your five senses.\n\n 1. Touch: what can you feel at this very moment?\n 2. Taste: what can you taste right now?\n 3. Sound: what can you hear?\n 4. Smell: can you smell anything?\n 5. Sight: what do you see in front of you?\n\nBe specific and really explore your senses. Slowly take stock of each of them\n– one by one.\n\nTouch: I can feel the carpet beneath my feet. The seat under my butt. My shirt\non my shoulders. My fingers are cold.\n\nTaste: I can taste Milk Arrowroot biscuit and chamomile tea.\n\nSound: I can hear both of my littles stirring in bed, the rain outside and the\ntap of my keyboard.\n\nSmell: I can smell coffee. Spring time.\n\nSight: I can see my computer monitor, a glass of water, a cup of pencils, the\nshadow from the blinds on the windowsill.\n\nImmersing yourself in your immediate surroundings, actively thinking about\neach of those things, means you’re taken out of your own head for a moment.\nThat pressing issue, that rising anxiety, that thing that’s stressing you out\n– it’s gone. At least for those moments.\n\nIt’s a simple thing to do, you can do it anywhere, and over time, it will\nteach you to be more present and pay attention to what is currently happening,\nrather than getting caught up in the complexities of what-ifs, whens and whys.\n\n## Action #20: Start with Acceptance (Undefined!)\n\nBefore you can make sweeping and lasting changes to your life, you need to\nunderstand where it is you’re coming from.\n\nYou need to accept your current circumstances, limitations, strengths and\nweaknesses.\n\nIf you don’t start out from a place of acceptance, then all the work you put\nin to creating a simpler, slower life will be overshadowed by feelings of\ninadequacy, guilt and comparison.\n\n1\\. Accept that where you are in life is your starting point.\n\nThat may be a family with 3 young kids, a single mum with a teenager, a\nretired grandmother...\n\nUntil you accept the place you’re currently in, it will prove almost\nimpossible to make meaningful changes to your life. You will be too busy\nfeeling inadequate!\n\n2\\. Accept who you are – your strengths and weaknesses.\n\nI don’t mean you should stop improving yourself, or stop learning, or stop\nattaining new skills. But don’t try to squish your square shape into that\nround hole any more. Some things will simply prove harder for you than for\nothers. Accept it and move on.\n\n3\\. Accept your limitations.\n\nBe them personal or circumstantial. Some things are just not possible given\nyour current situation.\n\nTake pride in the fact that you are working with what you’ve got and doing\nwhat you can.\n\n4\\. Accept that you will be making changes to your life gradually.\n\nDeliberately, mindfully, intentionally. They are more likely to stick this\nway.\n\n5\\. Accept that there will always be more you can do.\n\nAlways.\n\nSo stop trying to reach the finish line in the shortest time possible. The\nfinish line keeps moving and this is not a race.\n\n## Action #21: Unplug (1 minute)\n\nYou need time to think, time to dream, time to talk and time to do nothing at\nall.\n\nReading blogs on your smartphone is not doing nothing. Just as browsing\nPinterest is not fueling your dreams. So take one minute, turn off your\nlaptop, leave your phone inside and relish in unplugging.\n\nThere you have it. 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life.\n\nThe key to making many of the actions above work for you is to do them\nconsistently. Like with any major life changes, many of them need to become\nhabit before you reap the biggest benefit, but starting with the actions above\nwill get you well on your way to a simpler, slower life.\n\nAnd as I said at the beginning, you don’t have to do everything on this list,\njust pick the ones that will work best for you right now.\n\nThe key is to take action. Try something above and let me know how it works\nfor you.\n\nWhat would you add to this list? Let us know in the comments.\n\n{Thanks to Corbett Barr for the inspiration for this post’s format. You can\nsee his post 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Set Your Blog Up for Massive\nSuccess here and the original post from Adam Baker, 24 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today That Can Change Your Financial Life Forever}\n\nFiled Under: Stuff, Time\n\n← Creativity – The Simple Way\n\nHow is Your Other Half? →\n\n### 92 Responses to 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life\n\n 1. tam says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 12:56 pm\n\nthank you for helping ang guiding me to change the way I live xx\n\nReply\n\n 2. James L. Carey says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 4:25 pm\n\nFantastic post. Hear that? That’s the sound of me becoming a big fan of this\nblog.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Carla says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 6:05 pm\n\nGreat post, succinct and exactly what I needed to read right now. I feel I am\nin a turning point in my life and need to take action!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Our Resources are Finite. And It Matters. says:\n\nSeptember 11, 2012 at 4:49 am\n\n[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter\nholding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They\nbegin each day focusing on its potential. And they reorient [...]\n\nReply\n\n 5. Sher says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2012 at 4:34 am\n\nlove the White Space suggestion! Spent most of the day yesterday doing my\nwardrobe...my trunk is full of donations for charity! feels so good :)\n\nReply\n\n 6. Georgee says:\n\nOctober 1, 2012 at 8:52 am\n\nSlowly incorporating these actions into my overwhelming life, still not\nreceiving the bootcamp e-mails regularly though, so it’s great receiving these\nposts for more inspiration\n\nReply\n\n 7. simple living | sang the bird says:\n\nOctober 8, 2012 at 2:28 pm\n\n[...] slow your home This entry was posted in home, intention, simply and\ntagged living simpler by leah. Bookmark the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 8. Slow Your Home - The Best Of | Slow Your Home says:\n\nNovember 15, 2012 at 7:19 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\n\nReply\n\n 9. Link tag Tuesday #104 – nature, clients and libraries says:\n\nDecember 11, 2012 at 7:26 pm\n\n[...] Here are 21 simple actions you can take to improve your life. Sometimes\nthese lists are a bit obvious, but this is actually a really nifty list, and I\nrecommend reading it and actioning some (or all!) the tips. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 10. Is less really more? Energy Shifts and Your Sanity! : Flora Peterson says:\n\nDecember 15, 2012 at 9:37 am\n\n[...] Great blog post about creating a simple life – Read now [...]\n\nReply\n\n 11. On Breaks and Holidays | Slow Your Home says:\n\nDecember 24, 2012 at 6:01 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\n\nReply\n\n 12. Carmen says:\n\nJanuary 1, 2013 at 8:27 pm\n\nHi Ya, Started reading this tonight and it was like something came over me and\nI went on this frenzy of decluttering my kitchen and I am now looking round\nafter 2 hours and I am so pleased, even if it is almost 11 pm !!! Thanks for\nbeing so inspiring and I love getting your regular updates.\n\nFrom a very happy ‘simple’ girl :)\n\nReply\n\n 13. http://Plumtreelodge.com/ says:\n\nMarch 7, 2013 at 12:42 pm\n\nI personally was basically looking for recommendations for my very own web\nsite and observed your posting, _21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify\nYour Life | Slow Your Home_, will you mind in the event I actually start using\na bit of of ur points?\n\nMany thanks ,Robbie\n\nReply\n\n 14. Clutter Wars: The Fearse family gain some ground. | The Fearse Family says:\n\nApril 22, 2013 at 8:49 am\n\n[...] my blog reading I came across this very inspirational post on Slow Your\nHome. I don’t know if this is a sign that I am now [...]\n\nReply\n\n 15. Linda Edwards says:\n\nMay 16, 2013 at 12:20 pm\n\nGreat Article! I can’t wait to start using some of your tips!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Chelle says:\n\nJune 9, 2013 at 11:11 am\n\nI’m a total fan of the laundry basket trick! I’ve been doing this for years\nand it is the best method for me hands down! It’s nice to see someone else\nlugging around their full laundry basket, too! LOL\n\nGreat blog!\n\n~Chelle\n\nReply\n\n 17. Carla says:\n\nJune 25, 2013 at 2:16 pm\n\nI’ll add my recent personal favourite: spend time researching and checking out\nsuppliers for weekly or regular things. Have one (realistically two) places\nonly where you shop for any important things – food, your clothes, kids\nclothes, household. Choose the supermarket or supplier you can rely on to pre-\nselect items of a quality/style/price/ethos you favour. Then you can cut down\nyour shopping around (as I used to do) AND support good retailing!\n\nReply\n\n 18. 3 Lessons Learned from a Quick Clutter Bust - shed mom says:\n\nSeptember 1, 2013 at 2:53 pm\n\n[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving de-cluttering\nmethod I learned from Brooke of Slow Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 19. Three Lessons Learned from a Quick Clutter Bust | shed, mom says:\n\nSeptember 23, 2013 at 4:39 pm\n\n[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving concept I learned\nfrom Brooke of Slow Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 20. heating And Air Conditioning san diego says:\n\nSeptember 24, 2013 at 4:29 pm\n\nNormally I don’t read article on blogs, however I would like to say that this\nwrite-up very compelled me to take a look at and do it! Your writing style has\nbeen amazed me. Thanks, quite great article.\n\nReply\n\n 21. The 100 Item Wardrobe Challenge – Part I | says:\n\nOctober 2, 2013 at 2:29 am\n\n[...] When it comes to de-cluttering your life and your wardrobe, most people\nhave the same advice. There are tons of great tutorials online and many\ninspiring stories. I know, because right after I decided to whittle my\nwardrobe down to 100 items, I procrastinated for about a week and nothing but\nread other people’s blogs instead of unpacking. The Nif En L’Air is a gorgeous\nblog and the writer takes an analytical approach to her own successes and\nfailures at honing her wardrobe. And there’s more inspiration here and here.\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n * Sophe says:\n\nDecember 21, 2017 at 6:27 pm\n\nThank you, very helpful. My parents had a two small closets. Mom had five nice\ncoats, five handbags and 2 evening clutches! I had to ask myself how come I\nhave 25 coats and 42 purses? Three closet filled to the brim I emptied two\nclosets and took the stuff to a consignment, a buy, sell trade place they took\nmost of it and just wrote me a check I gave the rest to a women’s work\nprogram. Problems solved. We consigned our much of our furniture and got rid\nof tons of stuff it feels so good to have an empty house, where energy can\nmove freely.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Our Resources are Limited. And It Matters. | Becoming Minimalist | DEFY ENNUI says:\n\nOctober 9, 2013 at 6:19 pm\n\n[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter\nholding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They\nbegin each day focusing on its potential. And they [...]\n\nReply\n\n 23. Alicia says:\n\nOctober 10, 2013 at 1:10 am\n\nGreat list, ready to simplify my life! Yesterday I walked in both kids rooms\nwith a small garbage can with the goal of throwing at least 10 things away, in\njust a few minutes. I threw so much more away, it felt wonderful!\n\nReply\n\n 24. A fellow blogger says:\n\nApril 22, 2014 at 4:23 pm\n\nJust reading this made me feel more relaxed and inspired. Thank you :)\n\nReply\n\n 25. Decluttering Tips for the Naturally Disorganized | Vanessa Salas says:\n\nApril 25, 2014 at 11:45 am\n\n[...] The Quick Clutter bust. Still my favorite chore-cum-excercise, because\nspeed is of the essence here. I put on some upbeat, [...]\n\nReply\n\n 26. Nolleen says:\n\nMay 28, 2014 at 12:25 am\n\nI think I have a lot to do but if I do them slowly I think I can .... I suffer\nwith bipolar and I love the time. U say to take out and ” smell the roses”\nthak you\n\nReply\n\n 27. Jenny says:\n\nJune 7, 2014 at 1:43 am\n\nThis is a great list. I have found focusing on gratitude over the last few\nyears has really changed my perspective as a special needs mom who has faced\nvarious personal challenges. I am going to share this over at\nhttp://facebook.com/wellplannedgal. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 28. How to simplify your life – Life Coach Directory says:\n\nJune 12, 2014 at 4:02 pm\n\n[...] and comment on the original Slow your Home [...]\n\nReply\n\n 29. Anonymous says:\n\nJune 16, 2014 at 10:58 am\n\nThis article would’ve been good. Why isn’t it? The author seems to think\neveryone reading this is someone’s mother. I’m 18 years old, and would like to\nsay that good and effective writing comes from making the work universally\napplicable and impactful to the reader. By assuming the reader is a female,\nand secondly, someone’s mom or grand mom, the effectiveness and merit has been\ngreatly reduced.\n\nI strongly believe that men and other humans who have not produced other\nhumans, ‘nor wish to ever, can also take 21 quick actions to simplify their\nlife.\n\n-18 year old female.\n\nReply\n\n * Brooke McAlary says:\n\nJune 16, 2014 at 12:05 pm\n\nThat’s the thing about perspective though, isn’t it? I can’t write from the\nperspective of an 18-year-old’s needs anymore, as I am not 18. If I wrote this\narticle with actions applicable to everyone, then they would be so broad and\nso vague as to be useless. So instead, I write from my perspective for people\nwho either share a similar worldview or who are willing to set aside our\ndifferences and glean from my writing what they will. It’s OK if none of these\nactions apply to you, but they do apply to a lot of people. :)\n\nThanks for taking the time to comment, Anonymous.\n\nReply\n\n 30. nani says:\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 8:23 am\n\nThank You,Brooke-this is my new go-to page for a reminder of how I’m\ntravelling as far as simplifying my home. There is much to be done but all do-\nable-I appreciate the way you’ve simplified the approach to each task. Very\nencouraging piece, I’m inspired to finish what I’ve started. Thanks again!\n\nReply\n\n 31. Viv says:\n\nJune 29, 2014 at 6:58 pm\n\nI like this post, and your blog. What I like about your blog is that it\nenglobes all aspects of life. All the other blogs I’ve been Reading focus too\nmuch on organizing, cleaning and budgeting. Well, yours include that, but it’s\nnot the main goal. I like that, as THAT is what I need.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Lucy McGarden says:\n\nJuly 4, 2014 at 4:35 pm\n\nLiving a simple life doesn’t mean you don’t have to take action for yourself.\nAnd this 21 quick actions you can do to simplify your life is really great\nhelp. Thanks to this!\n\nReply\n\n 33. Melinda Engel says:\n\nJuly 10, 2014 at 9:34 am\n\nI found your website through the Northwest Earth Institute’s blog. I LOVE it!\nI have bookmarked you as a favorite to read regularly. Thank you for speaking\non voluntary simplicity. I am currently putting together a voluntary\nsimplicity discussion group in my local community. In kindness, Melinda Engel,\nmelindaengel.com\n\nReply\n\n 34. Quick Steps to Begin Simplifying Your Home and Your Life says:\n\nAugust 8, 2014 at 12:10 am\n\n[...] you’re still not sure where to start, let us suggest 21 Quick Actions\nYou Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life from the blog Slow Your Home. Some of\nthe tips are about decluttering your home, others are about [...]\n\nReply\n\n 35. flyingglasselevator.com says:\n\nSeptember 23, 2014 at 9:38 pm\n\nVery nice article. I absolutely appreciate this website.\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n 36. Gregorio says:\n\nSeptember 25, 2014 at 7:20 pm\n\nHowdy! I simply want to offer you a big thumbhs up forr the excelklent ibfo\nyoou have got here on thi post. I am cominng back to your site ffor more soon.\n\nReply\n\n 37. Eileen says:\n\nOctober 9, 2014 at 11:45 pm\n\nGreat list! Have already begun decluttering my home and starting to see a\ndifference. Will be putting my home up for sale soon and really need it to\nlook its best. I find i have no difficulty tossing out stuff that belongs to\nme, but, find it hard to motivate my family to pare down their belongings.\nWill keep trying! Thanks for all the great advice! Eileen\n\nReply\n\n 38. Fiona says:\n\nOctober 10, 2014 at 7:23 am\n\nI just wanted to say how much I enjoy your blog. I discovered you at the\nbeginning of the year through (I think) ‘A simple kinda life’? I keep coming\nback as your writing and experiences resonate with me. Great ideas; somewhat\nchallenging to put them all into practise living with my teenage, technology\ncrazed, ‘floordrobe’ roomed twin boys but I keep trying. Thank you for the\ncontinuing inspiration.\n\nReply\n\n 39. Amber says:\n\nNovember 18, 2014 at 3:06 pm\n\nThis list is absolutely brilliant! Thank you, thank you, thank you for\ncompiling so many useful, great ideas in one place. I love how you timed\ncertain things. We tend to assume a task is more grueling and time consuming\nthat it actually is and that’s why we procrastinate. When you think about how\nit only takes 6 seconds to put that blender up, it’s not so hard to make time\nto just go ahead and do it, NOW.\n\nReply\n\n 40. 15 ordinary things to do in 2015 - Fat Mum Slim | LIVING LIFE INSPIRED says:\n\nJanuary 9, 2015 at 2:52 pm\n\n[...] year Brooke from Slow Your Home super simplified her home. Like not just\na little, she did a LOT. She shares 21 tips you can use to simplify quickly. I\nalso saw a friend on Instagram simplify by minimalising over a month, she did\none thing on the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 41. 10 Minimalism and Decluttering Blogs | Nourishing Minimalism says:\n\nJanuary 20, 2015 at 4:52 am\n\n[...] 8. Slow Your Home I really enjoy reading Brooke’s articles and she walks\nthrough how to live simply and purposefully. Her current series, the A-Z of\nSimple Living is wonderful and you should also read 21 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 42. Practice Gratitude | Fuller Way of Life says:\n\nJanuary 26, 2015 at 5:58 am\n\n[...] Brooke – author of Slow Your Home {The Simpler Life You Want}. Although\nher article “21 Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life” is from\nSeptember of 2012, I believe it is still relevant today. I enjoyed all of her\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 43. 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today To Change Your Digital Life Forever | Bos Organization | Los Angeles Professional Organizer says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2015 at 10:10 am\n\n[...] Actions You Can Do Today to Set Your Blog Up for Massive Success which\ninspired Brooke McAlary’s 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your\nLife. Both were inspired by Adam Baker’s 24 Quick Actions You Can Do Today\nThat Can Change Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 44. Sandra says:\n\nJanuary 28, 2015 at 2:24 am\n\nYou can also use Noosfeer to have a better experience while reading on the web\n;)\n\nReply\n\n 45. Robert says:\n\nFebruary 12, 2015 at 11:30 am\n\nThanks that was very helpful. Lots of well thought out and explained steps to\nhelp me simplify my life.\n\nReply\n\n 46. Ardene says:\n\nFebruary 20, 2015 at 2:13 pm\n\nI adore your site. Must tell ya that the plants you listed with the exception\nof bamboo are all highly toxic for cats, especially the Peace Lily. Could be\nfatal or very harmful if ingested. Please note this in your plant action\nsection (#4). You can get a list of cat friendly plants if you scope out more\nthan one site on the subject because there are some schools that say spider\nplants are ok but they are not. Mildly toxic, but still, not great. Thanks!\nAnd keep up the great work, I love your voice. You are one of the few who\nmotivate me to be able to manage this mess. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n * Ardene says:\n\nFebruary 20, 2015 at 2:16 pm\n\nPS: Bamboo is ok, so are orchids, which I love, jade trees and Christmas\ncactus (but not most other succulents), to name a few that are kitty safe.\n\nReply\n\n 47. Jishma says:\n\nFebruary 22, 2015 at 5:48 pm\n\nThank you ....for this beautiful and inspiring article...\n\nReply\n\n 48. Michelle says:\n\nMarch 9, 2015 at 5:33 am\n\nI am doing a declutter right now.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Day 16 of 28 Days to Simplify My Life a la Pinterest: Daily Meditation | Our Unschooling, Unjobbing Life says:\n\nMarch 26, 2015 at 4:00 pm\n\n[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because\nmeditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 50. Karen says:\n\nApril 6, 2015 at 1:58 pm\n\nWonderful! I’m getting started! Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 51. Megan Wise says:\n\nApril 24, 2015 at 8:00 am\n\nI love this list! My husband and I are taking a journey into being minimalists\nand I’ve got to say, it’s so much more fulfilling the plugging along in the\nratrace :) We live in a tiny home and blog about our life and learning too!\nThank you for the ideas!\n\nReply\n\n 52. Simple | Blue Like That says:\n\nApril 28, 2015 at 1:07 am\n\n[...] been reading some inspiration lately, and one post challenged me to\nwrite down my [...]\n\nReply\n\n 53. 30 Must-Read Articles If You're Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist – The Minimalist Vegan says:\n\nApril 28, 2015 at 9:02 pm\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 54. Dairy Free Gluten Free Vanilla Rice Pudding + Link Love says:\n\nMay 12, 2015 at 10:47 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Great tips\nfrom Slow Your Home, on how to declutter and simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 55. Will says:\n\nJune 5, 2015 at 1:50 am\n\nOne sure-fire way to simplifying your life: Delegate your routine chores.\n\nHave you ever forgotten someone’s special occasion or have been forced to shop\nfor a gift the day before your friend’s birthday? Gift Handler is an online\nservice that emails you three great personalized ideas for a present in time\nto mark the event. Spend a few minutes describing each person on your list and\nyour price range so you won’t have to worry about gift shopping for the rest\nof the year.\n\nhttp://www.gifthandler.com\n\nReply\n\n 56. Day 16 of 28 Days to Simplify My Life a la Pinterest: Daily Meditation | We, The Dancers says:\n\nJune 28, 2015 at 12:06 pm\n\n[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because\nmeditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 57. 30 Must-Read Articles If You're Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist says:\n\nJuly 14, 2015 at 8:10 pm\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 58. Sharon says:\n\nSeptember 28, 2015 at 9:36 pm\n\nThis is great! As I read through the list I was “Yes. YES. YES!” Wish I’d\nwritten the list, but I just might write a blog post about your list and\nprovide a link. Less is more. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 59. Simplify your life. Part 2. - Saving Dinosaurs says:\n\nOctober 27, 2015 at 9:59 am\n\n[...] Some healthy decluttering is a good thing and methods are plentiful – as\nin these links here, here and here for example. And just to be clear, not all\nprocrastination is bad and can be good [...]\n\nReply\n\n 60. ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク ミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ ピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ says:\n\nNovember 14, 2015 at 9:37 pm\n\n楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ブランドコピー,商品の 代引き販売.2015春夏新作 BOTTEGA\nVENETA?ボッテガヴェネタコピー?財布 新品 ヴィンテージ ラムスキン 編み込み L字ファスナー\n長財布こちらは業界一人気のボッテガ?ヴェネタスーパーコピー専門ショップです!5年間以上\nのボッテガ?ヴェネタコピー品販売実績を持っている信用できるスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ専門店!当店はボッテガヴェネタ 財布 コピー\nを激安で通販しているネット専門店です。ボッテガ ラウンドファスナー財布コピーやボッテガヴェネタ二つ折財布コピーなどを取り揃えてい\nます。全商品はプロの目にも分からないボッテガ財布スーパーコピーN品です。\n楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ボッテガヴェネタ新作のスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ商品満載。ブランドコピーボッテガヴェネタ商品は人気商品です。是非ご覧\nください。 ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク\nミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ\nピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ、エルメス、パネライ、パテックフィリップ偽物(コピー商品)のブランドの腕時計の販売、通販。\nhttp://www.ooowatch.com/kabann/vuitton/index.html\n\nReply\n\n 61. エルメス ボリードスーパーコピー.ブランド直営店.ブランド,エルメス激安通販,業界で最高な品質に挑戦します!\"ブランドN級品ブランドコピー 代引き,スーパーコピー時計,ブランドN級品, says:\n\nNovember 17, 2015 at 8:42 am\n\nエルメス ボリードスーパーコピー.ブランド直営店.ブランド,エルメス激安通販,業界で最高な品質に挑戦します!”ブランドN級品ブランドコピー\n代引き,スーパーコピー時計,ブランドN級品,楽天コピーブランド,,偽物ブラン日本最大級の最高のスーパーコピーブランド財布激安代引き販売店,スーパーコピー時計の激安老舗.!国内No.1時計コピー工房,アフターサービスも自ら製造したスーパーコピー時計なので、技術力でお客様に安心のサポー\nトをご提供させて頂きます。スーパーコピー 代引きN品をご 購入の方は、こちらへ.弊社は正規品と同等品質のコピー品を低価で\nお客様に提供します!すべての商品は品質2年無料保証です。100%実物写真ですし、品質が完璧です!”スーパーコピーブランド財布激安 偽物財布激安コピー\nルイヴィトン財布偽物,偽物財布コピー\nhttp://www.okakaku.com/brand-8-copy-0-cheap-0-max0-attr0-3-sort_order%20Desc%2cgoods_id-\nDESC.html\n\nReply\n\n 62. Weekend Roundup: 11/21/15 - GEN Y GIRL says:\n\nNovember 24, 2015 at 4:48 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today To Simplify Your Life: Slow Your Home\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 63. Day 3: Casual winter capsule | Bonnie Rae says:\n\nNovember 26, 2015 at 9:45 am\n\n[...] were worn because I noticed something really beautiful today. Before\nsimplifying my life and slowing down, a normal day with my sister would have\nconsisted of shopping. Buying things that I told myself I [...]\n\nReply\n\n 64. Margo says:\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 11:29 am\n\nWhat a great list!\n\nReply\n\n 65. Declutter Your Life | Spilling Ink Studio says:\n\nJanuary 23, 2016 at 12:40 pm\n\n[...] her Slow Your Home site, Brooke McAlary, shares 21 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. The focus is on simplifying your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 66. Debbie Hiers says:\n\nFebruary 1, 2016 at 10:29 pm\n\nThank you for this wise action list. Just reading your thoughts feels calming.\nHave been on rewarding simplified journey with the love of my life hubby\nalmost three years now that began with removing years of storage and large\nbasement furniture (3 livestock trailer loads to charity/auction destinations,\nregular car loads of household goods/clothing to donation sites), purging\npersonal items, and becoming debt free. While reading your words, I found\nmyself nodding at the similarities we’ve also experienced that brought peace\nto our home . . . in the midst of busy lives. My journey began with gratitude,\na desire for order, and simpler rhythm to our lives like our beginning in our\nsmall log cabin home we built in Alaska. In much appreciation, Debbie\n\nReply\n\n 67. Kirsty says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2016 at 6:11 am\n\nWhat a brilliant post! Such practical ideas. A lot of them, I do – I am always\nrearranging my living room! But many ideas I don’t. Small things make such a\ndifference like making the bed every day!! Do you mind if I share a link to\nyour post on my blog and Facebook? You are very good at this. Please keep\nsharing your ideas.\n\nReply\n\n * Brooke McAlary says:\n\nFebruary 9, 2016 at 9:44 am\n\nThanks Kirsty! Please share freely and widely. :)\n\nReply\n\n 68. Natalie says:\n\nFebruary 18, 2016 at 4:35 am\n\nWow, excellent article. Very, very helpful. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 69. Monthly Goals Theme: FIRE IT UP-POWER IT UP! | HydroSupraLicked says:\n\nMarch 4, 2016 at 8:02 am\n\n[...] *top read* 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\n\nReply\n\n 70. Breaking the Busyness Habit | 4 Elements of Success says:\n\nMarch 9, 2016 at 1:30 pm\n\n[...] her Slow Your Home site, Brooke McAlary, shares 21 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. The focus is on simplifying your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 71. christina says:\n\nMarch 18, 2016 at 6:53 pm\n\nOne of the best posts i’ve ever read about simplifing! Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 72. Raymond says:\n\nMay 14, 2016 at 1:16 pm\n\nSimple tips to simply make life better\n\nReply\n\n 73. Jay says:\n\nMay 31, 2016 at 8:51 am\n\nWell I thought I was stressed out because of too much going on and too many\nthings to worry about. This article shows me that I am actually quite anal\nabout being organised because I do all of the above things that the article\nrecommends. My simplifying must be about having too many unfinished worries...\nand responsibilities. Do you fancy doing an article on this?\n\nReply\n\n 74. ESMERALDA SANTOS says:\n\nAugust 14, 2016 at 3:16 am\n\nTHIS IS A GREAT ARTICLE I LIKE TO TRY IT TODAY! THANKS.\n\nReply\n\n 75. Tiff says:\n\nNovember 9, 2016 at 9:46 am\n\nSuch simple achievable tips , thankyou ! <3\n\nReply\n\n 76. Melissa says:\n\nNovember 21, 2016 at 6:40 am\n\nI love your idea of setting out items for breakfast. I already set out my\nclothes and my daughters. Thanks for the great ideas. :)\n\nReply\n\n 77. Caroline says:\n\nDecember 6, 2016 at 2:51 am\n\nI enjoyed your work... Doing some of it and am thankful- I am on my way. took\nyears to get cluttered so I know it takes time to unclutter. coming from\nhoarding parents- I’m determined to change!\n\nReply\n\n 78. Photis says:\n\nDecember 22, 2016 at 9:16 pm\n\nPretty solid thinking :)\n\nReply\n\n 79. Aradhana says:\n\nJanuary 13, 2017 at 11:07 am\n\nExcellent blog. You cover everything including things I have not even\nconsidered. A very holistic approach to simple, mindful living and\ndecluttering is just the icing. Thank you for your ideas.\n\nReply\n\n 80. katerina greece says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2017 at 5:15 am\n\nExcellent article – very well written. I have already been decluttering since\nlast year, and the satisfaction I felt, is unimaginable. Clearing the house\nfrom clutter, is clearing the mind, and this unbelievable sense of freedom. I\nam still going on. One should re-read your article every now and then, to\nensure that one does not get out of this line. Many many thanks to you XXX\n\nReply\n\n 81. Beth Bishop says:\n\nMay 4, 2017 at 6:54 pm\n\nI thought that I’d done an exhaustive search, but discovered some new\nresources from your list. Thanks! I am also on a vegan journey and feel\nstrongly that veganism and minimalism make a logical pair.\n\nReply\n\n 82. Maralee says:\n\nJuly 25, 2017 at 4:37 am\n\nI keep searching for inspiration to simplify my life. Most sites have the same\nthings on them. You number 19 and 20 are something I’ve never run across\nbefore; and they are two things I believe will help me on my journey.\n\nReply\n\n 83. Acciones diarias | Lemon Fields says:\n\nOctober 25, 2017 at 2:35 am\n\n[...] leer un artículo muy bueno sobre estas pequeñas acciones y más, los\ninvito a visitar este post de Slow Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 84. 101 *Surprising* Homemaking Tips to Make Your Life Easier says:\n\nApril 30, 2018 at 5:55 am\n\n[...] Want to live a simpler life? These quick actions can make a huge\ndifference. Via slowyourhome.com. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 85. 30 Must-Read Articles If You’re Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist says:\n\nFebruary 25, 2019 at 11:10 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 86. Maryanne says:\n\nJuly 17, 2020 at 8:07 pm\n\nThanks for sharing this post, its really helpful.\n\nReply\n\n 87. Jamie says:\n\nSeptember 15, 2020 at 1:49 am\n\nGreat idea about setting out items for breakfast. I love your blog, it’s\ngreat!\n\nTake care Jamie\n\nReply\n\n 88. Duncan Paxton says:\n\nNovember 12, 2020 at 4:05 am\n\nWe really loved your post – it’s the most definitive on the subject of\nminimalism we have found especially finding your own morning routine and\nadding some life with indoor plants. We are a team of life coaches who\nconstantly speak to our clients about this so will no doubt be referring our\nclients to your amazing resource!!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a reply Cancel reply\n\n * I'm Brooke and I'm a firm advocate for the best things in life - naps, travel, a good book and spending as much time in nature as possible. I'm the host and creator of The Slow Home Podcast and the author of SLOW and Destination Simple, and I live in the Southern Highlands of NSW with my family and an ever-expanding veggie garden. Nice to meet you. x\n\nCopyright © 2020 Slow Your Home\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001742/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life","parsed_text":{"title":"Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life","passages":["If stress is wearing you down, take some advice from those who have left their stress behind -- simplify your life.","I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I wanted to live deep and suck all the marrow of life. -- Henry David Thoreau, Walden","OK, it's unlikely you're going to make like Thoreau and move to the woods. Heck, you probably don't even have time for a walk in the woods. If that's the case, though, that may very well mean that it's time to simplify your life. In so doing, you may just save your health -- and your sanity (not to mention actually having time to take that walk).","Erin Bocherer and her husband are doing just that. \"Our New Year's resolution was to simplify our life as much as possible to reduce stress,\" says Bocherer, an advertising account supervisor.","Online banking. \"This limits post office drop-offs and reduces the time and money spent on stamps and licking envelopes,\" says Bocherer. \"It also enables me to schedule automatic payments each month, which saves several hours of our time because we no longer need to write out bills and balance the checkbook.\"","Hiring a cleaning service every three weeks. \"We still clean, but they handle the nitty-gritty, time-consuming activities that seemed to fill our weekends,\" says Bocherer.","Hiring a nanny. Yes, this is expensive, but it saves the Bocherers two hours a day in the car dropping off and picking up their son at daycare. \"It enables me to spend more quality time with my son (and with my daughter when she is born in May),\" says Bocherer.","Reducing debt. \"Debt is one of our biggest stresses that never seems to end,\" says Bocherer. By creating a strict, yet manageable budget, and focusing on paying off their debt, the Bocherers say they are creating a feeling of accomplishment.","The Bocherers are not alone in their efforts to cut the stress from their life. Browse your favorite newsstand or bookstore and you'll see evidence of an anti-stress movement taking hold in this country. Generally known as \"voluntary simplicity,\" or the \"simplicity movement,\" the need many of us see for a less stressful, more meaningful life is reflected in magazines, books, and web sites devoted to simplifying your life, whether that means \"de- cluttering\" your home, \"downsizing\" your career ambitions, or living off the land.","About 5% to 7% of adults in the U.S. are pursuing some form of voluntary simplicity, according to Gerald Celente, director of the Trends Research Institute in New York. The contemporary voluntary simplicity movement began in 1981 with the publication of Duane Elgin's book, Voluntary Simplicity: Toward a Way of Life That is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich. Since then, dozens of books, national magazines, web sites, and grassroots \"simplicity circles\" have sprung up to offer support and share ideas for those interested in scaling back.","Simplifying your life doesn't necessarily mean doing without. It might, but it doesn't have to. Rather, the prevailing philosophy of today's voluntary simplicity movement is not to live without possessions or to live in frugality, but to slow down and live a more balanced, deliberate, and thoughtful life. And as research increasingly shows, a healthier life as well.","It's no longer news that stress can take its toll on both your physical and mental health. Numerous studies have shown a link between stress and high blood pressure. In one such study, for example, scientists at the University of California at Irvine reported in 1998 in the Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine that men with highly stressful jobs had systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings that were approximately 10 points higher than those with less stressful jobs.","In a study published in 2000 in the journal Social Science & Medicine, researchers from Ohio State University and the University of Alabama found that people with a high ratio of credit card debt to income were in worse physical health than those with less debt.","And now, mental health professionals have joined the movement, focusing on how simple living can help alleviate tension-related reactions such as insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, neck and shoulder spasms, chronic fatigue and, says Roderic Gorney, MD, PhD, \"our excessive dwelling on 'things.'\"","\"The message that we get is that without this complexity of 'things' in our life, we are not lovable and not worthy,\" says Gorney, clinical professor of psychiatry at UCLA and author of The Human Agenda, who also serves on the board of Seeds of Simplicity, an LA-based program of Cornell University's Center for Religion, Ethics & Social Policy. The organization has recently started a campaign called \"Unstuffocate,\" to help people decide for themselves just how much is enough.","The mental health community's awareness of such dependencies as \"consumption addictions\" led UCLA's Neuropsychiatric Institute to recently sponsor a conference on \"Mental Health and Simple Living: Countering the Compulsion to Consume.\" The purpose of the conference, says Gorney, was to \"help the person shake off the addiction to too much, and with it the distress of excess.\"","Just acknowledging that you need to simplify your life, however, doesn't solve the problem, although it is a beginning. You may be so crunched for time and energy that you can't even stop to think of ways to simplify your life. Let the experts give you a few suggestions.","\"Many people feel stressed and overwhelmed because they are 'overconnected,'\" says Debra A. Dinnoncenzo, president of ALLearnatives, which specializes in alternative work arrangements. \"As a result of the ... never-ending ways that people can access us any time of the day or night, we feel perpetually connected to our work,\" says Dinnoncenzo, also the author of Dot Calm: The Search for Sanity in a Wired World.","Think about all the technology resources that we now use that weren't commonplace even a few years ago, says Dinnoncenzo. Simplifying your life doesn't mean you have to ditch the cell phone, pager, e-mail, instant messaging, voice mail, call forwarding, and on and on. But it does mean establishing clear boundaries:","Along with all this technology -- which includes the TV too, by the way -- comes information overload, says Daphne Stevens, PhD, a psychotherapist, life coach and author of the forthcoming book, Watercolor Bedroom: Creating a Soulful Midlife. \"Limit the amount of information you expose yourself to,\" she says. \"Being flooded with stimuli is a tremendous source of stress.\"","Debbie Mandel, MA, a stress management expert and author of Turn On Your Inner Light: Fitness for Body, Mind and Soul, says simplifying your life is like \"spring cleaning for the soul.\"","Make a list of your activities, prioritize your to-do list, and shed those activities that no longer serve a purpose in your life.","Simplifying your life may also mean more than just getting rid of \"stuff.\" It may mean getting rid of people too, says Daphne Stevens. \"Avoid overexposure to negative or toxic people,\" she suggests. Instead, \"nurture the relationships that support you. A quick email or card saying 'I'm thinking of you' can work wonders in keeping a friendship alive when we're too busy to do much else.\"","However you choose to simplify your life, remember that simplicity is not about poverty or deprivation, according to The Simple Living Network. It is about discovering what is \"enough in your life -- based upon thoughtful analysis of your lifestyle and values -- and discarding the rest.\""]},"parsed_md":"Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Menu\n\n### Health A-Z Home\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * WebMDRx Savings Card\n\n### Top 12 Topics\n\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n * CBD Oil\n * Keto Diet\n * Hepatitis C\n * Diabetes Warning Signs\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis\n * Morning-After Pill\n * Breast Cancer Screening\n * Psoriatic Arthritis Symptoms\n * Heart Failure\n * Multiple Myeloma\n * Types of Crohn's Disease\n\n * A to Z Guides\n * Feature Stories\n\n### Menu\n\n# Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life\n\nIf stress is wearing you down, take some advice from those who have left their\nstress behind -- simplify your life.\n\nBy Carol Sorgen\n\nReviewed by Louise Chang, MD on August 25, 2008\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nI went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the\nessential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach,\nand not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I wanted to live\ndeep and suck all the marrow of life. -- Henry David Thoreau, Walden\n\nOK, it's unlikely you're going to make like Thoreau and move to the woods.\nHeck, you probably don't even have time for a walk in the woods. If that's the\ncase, though, that may very well mean that it's time to simplify your life. In\nso doing, you may just save your health -- and your sanity (not to mention\nactually having time to take that walk).\n\nErin Bocherer and her husband are doing just that. \"Our New Year's resolution\nwas to simplify our life as much as possible to reduce stress,\" says Bocherer,\nan advertising account supervisor.\n\nThis is what the Bocherers have been doing:\n\n * Online banking. \"This limits post office drop-offs and reduces the time and money spent on stamps and licking envelopes,\" says Bocherer. \"It also enables me to schedule automatic payments each month, which saves several hours of our time because we no longer need to write out bills and balance the checkbook.\"\n * Hiring a cleaning service every three weeks. \"We still clean, but they handle the nitty-gritty, time-consuming activities that seemed to fill our weekends,\" says Bocherer.\n * Hiring a nanny. Yes, this is expensive, but it saves the Bocherers two hours a day in the car dropping off and picking up their son at daycare. \"It enables me to spend more quality time with my son (and with my daughter when she is born in May),\" says Bocherer.\n * Reducing debt. \"Debt is one of our biggest stresses that never seems to end,\" says Bocherer. By creating a strict, yet manageable budget, and focusing on paying off their debt, the Bocherers say they are creating a feeling of accomplishment.\n\n## Simplicity Movement Taking Hold\n\nThe Bocherers are not alone in their efforts to cut the stress from their\nlife. Browse your favorite newsstand or bookstore and you'll see evidence of\nan anti-stress movement taking hold in this country. Generally known as\n\"voluntary simplicity,\" or the \"simplicity movement,\" the need many of us see\nfor a less stressful, more meaningful life is reflected in magazines, books,\nand web sites devoted to simplifying your life, whether that means \"de-\ncluttering\" your home, \"downsizing\" your career ambitions, or living off the\nland.\n\n#### Continued\n\nAbout 5% to 7% of adults in the U.S. are pursuing some form of voluntary\nsimplicity, according to Gerald Celente, director of the Trends Research\nInstitute in New York. The contemporary voluntary simplicity movement began in\n1981 with the publication of Duane Elgin's book, Voluntary Simplicity: Toward\na Way of Life That is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich. Since then, dozens of\nbooks, national magazines, web sites, and grassroots \"simplicity circles\" have\nsprung up to offer support and share ideas for those interested in scaling\nback.\n\n#### Continued\n\nSimplifying your life doesn't necessarily mean doing without. It might, but it\ndoesn't have to. Rather, the prevailing philosophy of today's voluntary\nsimplicity movement is not to live without possessions or to live in\nfrugality, but to slow down and live a more balanced, deliberate, and\nthoughtful life. And as research increasingly shows, a healthier life as well.\n\nIt's no longer news that stress can take its toll on both your physical and\nmental health. Numerous studies have shown a link between stress and high\nblood pressure. In one such study, for example, scientists at the University\nof California at Irvine reported in 1998 in the Journal of Psychosomatic\nMedicine that men with highly stressful jobs had systolic and diastolic blood\npressure readings that were approximately 10 points higher than those with\nless stressful jobs.\n\nIn a study published in 2000 in the journal Social Science & Medicine,\nresearchers from Ohio State University and the University of Alabama found\nthat people with a high ratio of credit card debt to income were in worse\nphysical health than those with less debt.\n\n## Too Much 'Stuff' Takes Its Toll\n\nAnd now, mental health professionals have joined the movement, focusing on how\nsimple living can help alleviate tension-related reactions such as insomnia,\nnervousness, anxiety, neck and shoulder spasms, chronic fatigue and, says\nRoderic Gorney, MD, PhD, \"our excessive dwelling on 'things.'\"\n\n\"The message that we get is that without this complexity of 'things' in our\nlife, we are not lovable and not worthy,\" says Gorney, clinical professor of\npsychiatry at UCLA and author of The Human Agenda, who also serves on the\nboard of Seeds of Simplicity, an LA-based program of Cornell University's\nCenter for Religion, Ethics & Social Policy. The organization has recently\nstarted a campaign called \"Unstuffocate,\" to help people decide for themselves\njust how much is enough.\n\n#### Continued\n\nThe mental health community's awareness of such dependencies as \"consumption\naddictions\" led UCLA's Neuropsychiatric Institute to recently sponsor a\nconference on \"Mental Health and Simple Living: Countering the Compulsion to\nConsume.\" The purpose of the conference, says Gorney, was to \"help the person\nshake off the addiction to too much, and with it the distress of excess.\"\n\nJust acknowledging that you need to simplify your life, however, doesn't solve\nthe problem, although it is a beginning. You may be so crunched for time and\nenergy that you can't even stop to think of ways to simplify your life. Let\nthe experts give you a few suggestions.\n\n## It's Time to Disconnect\n\n\"Many people feel stressed and overwhelmed because they are 'overconnected,'\"\nsays Debra A. Dinnoncenzo, president of ALLearnatives, which specializes in\nalternative work arrangements. \"As a result of the ... never-ending ways that\npeople can access us any time of the day or night, we feel perpetually\nconnected to our work,\" says Dinnoncenzo, also the author of Dot Calm: The\nSearch for Sanity in a Wired World.\n\nThink about all the technology resources that we now use that weren't\ncommonplace even a few years ago, says Dinnoncenzo. Simplifying your life\ndoesn't mean you have to ditch the cell phone, pager, e-mail, instant\nmessaging, voice mail, call forwarding, and on and on. But it does mean\nestablishing clear boundaries:\n\n * Turn off your cell phone when you shouldn't be (or don't want to be) interrupted.\n * Don't take a cell phone to an appointment or when you are focusing on someone else.\n * Don't give out your cell phone number. Use it only for outgoing calls.\n * Screen calls by using caller ID.\n * Use the \"delete\" option -- early and often.\n * Arrange for calls from the office only in cases of emergency.\n * Maintain your commitment to work-free vacations.\n * Let voice mail or the answering machine take your calls.\n * On your voice mail greeting, be clear about when you will and will not be available.\n\nAlong with all this technology -- which includes the TV too, by the way --\ncomes information overload, says Daphne Stevens, PhD, a psychotherapist, life\ncoach and author of the forthcoming book, Watercolor Bedroom: Creating a\nSoulful Midlife. \"Limit the amount of information you expose yourself to,\" she\nsays. \"Being flooded with stimuli is a tremendous source of stress.\"\n\n#### Continued\n\nDebbie Mandel, MA, a stress management expert and author of Turn On Your Inner\nLight: Fitness for Body, Mind and Soul, says simplifying your life is like\n\"spring cleaning for the soul.\"\n\n\"Stress is omnipresent,\" says Mandel. \"The trick is to learn to decompress.\"\nMandel's suggestions for simplifying your life include:\n\n * Make a list of your activities, prioritize your to-do list, and shed those activities that no longer serve a purpose in your life.\n * Delegate chores at home and at the office. Don't try to do it all. Ask for help.\n * Let go of the myth of perfection.\n\nSimplifying your life may also mean more than just getting rid of \"stuff.\" It\nmay mean getting rid of people too, says Daphne Stevens. \"Avoid overexposure\nto negative or toxic people,\" she suggests. Instead, \"nurture the\nrelationships that support you. A quick email or card saying 'I'm thinking of\nyou' can work wonders in keeping a friendship alive when we're too busy to do\nmuch else.\"\n\nHowever you choose to simplify your life, remember that simplicity is not\nabout poverty or deprivation, according to The Simple Living Network. It is\nabout discovering what is \"enough in your life -- based upon thoughtful\nanalysis of your lifestyle and values -- and discarding the rest.\"\n\nWebMD Feature\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES: Erin Bocherer, account supervisor, SBC Advertising. Debra A.\nDinnoncenzo, president, ALLearnatives. Debbie Mandel. Daphne Stevens, PhD,\nTrends Research Institute. The Simple Living Network. Roderic Gorney, MD, PhD,\nclinical professor of psychiatry, UCLA.\n\n© 2006 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Manage Your Migraine\n * What to Eat Before Your Workout\n * Treating RA With Biologics\n * Best Treatments for Allergies\n * MS and Depression: How Are They Linked?\n * Your Guide to Understanding Medicare\n\n### further reading\n\n * 10 Ways to Stop Stress Now\n * 10 Ways to De-Stress and Revitalize\n * How Well Do You Handle Your Stress?\n * Coping with Workplace Stress\n * Workplace Stress and Your Health\n * Anxiety at Work: A Career-Busting Condition\n * Workplace Stress Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Risky Mistakes Pet Owners Make\n\nSome of these might surprise you.\n\n#### Depressed, Guilty Feelings After Eating?\n\nSymptoms of binge eating disorder.\n\n#### Psoriasis Home Remedies\n\n14 tips to ditch the itch.\n\n#### Quit Smoking\n\nGet your personalized plan.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 10 Secrets to a Sparkling Smile\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 7 Ways You're Wrecking Your Liver\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Symptoms of ADHD in Children\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Type 2 Diabetes: Early Warning Signs\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### What Is Schizophrenia?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Fungal Infections: What You Should Know\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 11 Surprising Superfoods for Your Bones\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Foods That Help Enhance Your Brainpower\n * Breast Cancer Signs & Symptoms\n * Constipated? Avoid These Foods\n * Lung Cancer Risks: Myths and Facts\n * Causes of Erectile Dysfunction\n * Tips for Living Better With Migraine\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Discover Immunotherapy\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Give the Gift of Life\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210831125731/https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/","parsed_text":{"title":"Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life","passages":["A simple life has a different meaning and a different value for every person. For me, it means eliminating all but the essential, eschewing chaos for peace, and spending your time doing what’s important to you.","It means getting rid of many of the things you do so you can spend time with people you love and do the things you love. It means getting rid of the clutter so you are left with only that which gives you value.","However, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process. It’s a journey, not a destination, and it can often be a journey of two steps forward, and one backward.","The Short List For the cynics who say that the list below is too long, there are really only two steps to simplifying:","Of course, that’s not terribly useful unless you can see how to apply that to different areas of your life, so I present to you the Long List.","The Long List There can be no step-by-step guide to simplifying your life, but I’ve compiled an incomplete list of ideas that should help anyone trying to find the simple life. Not every tip will work for you — choose the ones that appeal and apply to your life.","One important note: this list will be criticized for being too complicated, especially as it provides a bunch of links. Don’t stress out about all of that. Just choose one at a time, and focus on that. When you’re done with that, focus on the next thing.","Make a list of your top 4-5 important things. What’s most important to you? What do you value most? What 4-5 things do you most want to do in your life? Simplifying starts with these priorities, as you are trying to make room in your life so you have more time for these things.","Evaluate your commitments. Look at everything you’ve got going on in your life. Everything, from work to home to civic to kids’ activities to hobbies to side businesses to other projects. Think about which of these really gives you value, which ones you love doing. Which of these are in line with the 4-5 most important things you listed above? Drop those that aren’t in line with those things. Article here.","Evaluate your time. How do you spend your day? What things do you do, from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, eliminate the things that aren’t, and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.","Simplify work tasks. Our work day is made up of an endless list of work tasks. If you simply try to knock off all the tasks on your to-do list, you’ll never get everything done, and worse yet, you’ll never get the important stuff done. Focus on the essential tasks and eliminate the rest. Read more.","Simplify home tasks. In that vein, think about all the stuff you do at home. Sometimes our home task list is just as long as our work list. And we’ll never get that done either. So focus on the most important, and try to find ways to eliminate the other tasks (automate, eliminate, delegate, or hire help).","Learn to say no. This is actually one of the key habits for those trying to simplify their lives. If you can’t say no, you will take on too much. Article here.","Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, IM, cell phones, paper mail, Skype, Twitter, forums, and more. It can take up your whole day if you let it. Instead, put a limit on your communications: only do email at certain times of the day, for a certain number of minutes (I recommend twice a day, but do what works for you). Only do IM once a day, for a limited amount of time. Limit phone calls to certain times too. Same with any other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.","Limit your media consumption. This tip won’t be for everyone, so if media consumption is important to you, please skip it (as with any of the other tips). However, I believe that the media in our lives — TV, radio, Internet, magazines, etc. — can come to dominate our lives. Don’t let it. Simplify your life and your information consumption by limiting it. Try a media fast.","Purge your stuff. If you can devote a weekend to purging the stuff you don’t want, it feels seriously terrific. Get boxes and trash bags for the stuff you want to donate or toss. Here’s my guide on decluttering. Here’s a post on starting small. More on purging below.","Get rid of the big items. There’s tons of little clutter in our lives, but if you start with the big items, you’ll simplify your life quickly and in a big way. Read more.","Edit your rooms. One room at a time, go around the room and eliminate the unnecessary. Act as a newspaper editor, trying to leave only the minimum, and deleting everything else. Article here.","Edit closets and drawers. Once you’ve gone through the main parts of your rooms, tackle the closets and drawers, one drawer or shelf at a time. More here.","Simplify your wardrobe. Is your closet bursting full? Are your drawers so stuffed they can’t close (I’m talking about dresser drawers here, not underwear). Simplify your wardrobe by getting rid of anything you don’t actually wear. Try creating a minimal wardrobe by focusing on simple styles and a few solid colors that all match each other. Read more.","Simplify your computing life. If you have trouble with too many files and too much disorganization, consider online computing. It can simplify things greatly. Read more.","Declutter your digital packrattery. If you are a digital packrat, and cannot seem to control your digital clutter, there is still hope for you. Read this guide to curing yourself of this clutter.","Limit your buying habits. If you are a slave to materialism and consumerism, there are ways to escape it. I was there, and although I haven’t escaped these things entirely, I feel much freer of it all. If you can escape materialism, you can get into the habit of buying less. And that will mean less stuff, less spending, less freneticism. Read more.","Free up time. Find ways to free up time for the important stuff. That means eliminating the stuff you don’t like, cutting back on time wasters, and making room for what you want to do.","Do what you love. Once you’ve freed up some time, be sure to spend that extra time doing things you love. Go back to your list of 4-5 important things. Do those, and nothing else. Read more.","Spend time with people you love. Again, the list of 4-5 important things probably contains some of the people you love (if not, you may want to re-evaluate). Whether those people are a spouse, a partner, children, parents, other family, best friends, or whoever, find time to do things with them, talk to them, be intimate with them (not necessarily in sexual ways).","Spend time alone. See this list of ways to free up time for yourself — to spend in solitude. Alone time is good for you, although some people aren’t comfortable with it. It could take practice getting used to the quiet, and making room for your inner voice. It sounds new-agey, I know, but it’s extremely calming. And this quiet is necessary for finding out what’s important to you.","Eat slowly. If you cram your food down your throat, you are not only missing out on the great taste of the food, you are not eating healthy. Slow down to lose weight, improve digestion, and enjoy life more. Read more.","Drive slowly. Most people rush through traffic, honking and getting angry and frustrated and stressed out. And endangering themselves and others in the meantime. Driving slower is not only safer, but it is better on your fuel bill, and can be incredibly peaceful. Give it a try. Read more.","Be present. These two words can make a huge difference in simplifying your life. Living here and now, in the moment, keeps you aware of life, of what is going on around you and within you. It does wonders for your sanity. Read tips on how to do it.","Streamline your life. Many times we live with unplanned, complex systems in our lives because we haven’t given them much thought. Instead, focus on one system at a time (your laundry system, your errands system, your paperwork system, your email system, etc.) and try to make it simplified, efficient, and written. Then stick to it. Here’s more. Another good article here.","Create a simple mail & paperwork system. If you don’t have a system, this stuff will pile up. But a simple system will keep everything in order. Here’s how.","Create a simple system for house work. Another example of a simple system is clean-as-you-go with a burst. Read more.","Clear your desk. If you have a cluttered desk, it can be distracting and disorganized and stressful. A clear desk, however, is only a couple of simple habits away. Read more.","Establish routines. The key to keeping your life simple is to create simple routines — a morning routine, a bill-paying routine, an evening routine.","Keep your email inbox empty. Is your email inbox overflowing with new and read messages? Do the messages just keep piling up? If so, you’re normal — but you could be more efficient and your email life could be simplified with a few simple steps. Read more.","Learn to live frugally. Living frugally means buying less, wanting less, and leaving less of a footprint on the earth. It’s directly related to simplicity. Here are 50 tips on how to live frugally.","Make your house minimalist. A minimalist house has what is necessary, and not much else. It’s also extremely peaceful (not to mention easy to clean). More here.","Find other ways to be minimalist. There are tons. You can find ways to be minimalist in every area of your life. Here are a few I do, to spur your own ideas.","Consider a smaller home. If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life. Read about downsizing your home here.","Consider a smaller car. This is a big move, but if you have a large car or SUV, you may not really need something that big. It’s more expensive, uses more gas, harder to maintain, harder to park. Simplify your life with less car. You don’t need to go tiny, especially if you have a family, but try to find as small a car as can fit you or your family comfortably. Maybe not something you’re going to do today, but something to think about over the long term.","Learn what “enough” is. Our materialistic society today is about getting more and more, with no end in sight. Sure, you can get the latest gadget, and more clothes and shoes. More stuff. But when will you have enough? Most people don’t know, and thus they keep buying more. It’s a neverending cycle. Get off the cycle by figuring out how much is enough. And then stop when you get there.","Create a simple weekly dinner menu. If figuring out what’s for dinner is a nightly stressor for you or your family, consider creating a weekly menu. Decide on a week’s worth of simple dinners, set a specific dinner for each night of the week, go grocery shopping for the ingredients. Now you know what’s for dinner each night, and you have all the ingredients necessary. No need for difficult recipes — find ones that can be done in 10-15 minutes (or less).","Eat healthy. It might not be obvious how eating healthy relates to simplicity, but think about the opposite: if you eat fatty, greasy, salty, sugary, fried foods all the time, you are sure to have higher medical needs over the long term. We could be talking years from now, but imagine frequent doctor visits, hospitalization, going to the pharmacist, getting therapy, having surgery, taking insulin shots ... you get the idea. Being unhealthy is complicated. Eating healthy simplifies all of that greatly, over the long term. Read about how to simplify your eating habits.","Exercise. This goes along the same lines as eating healthy, as it simplifies your life in the long run, but it goes even further: exercise helps burn off stress and makes you feel better. It’s great. Here’s how to create the exercise habit.","Declutter before organizing. Many people make the mistake of taking a cluttered desk or filing cabinet or closet or drawer, and trying to organize it. Unfortunately, that’s not only hard to do, it keeps things complicated. Simplify the process by getting rid of as much of the junk as possible, and then organizing. If you declutter enough, you won’t need to organize at all.","Have a place for everything. Age-old advice, but it’s the best advice on keeping things organized. After you declutter. Read more here.","Find inner simplicity. I’m not much of a spiritual person, but I have found that spending a little time with my inner self creates a peaceful simplicity rather than a chaotic confusion. This could be time praying or communing with God, or time spent meditating or journaling or getting to know yourself, or time spent in nature. However you do it, working on your inner self is worth the time.","Learn to decompress from stress. Every life is filled with stress — no matter how much you simplify your life, you’ll still have stress (except in the case of the ultimate simplifier, death). So after you go through stress, find ways to decompress. Here are some ideas.","Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids. Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicating, needing not only car payments, but insurance, registration, safety inspections, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.","Find a creative outlet for self-expression. Whether that’s writing, poetry, painting, drawing, creating movies, designing websites, dance, skateboarding, whatever. We have a need for self-expression, and finding a way to do that makes your life much more fulfilling. Allow this to replace much of the busy-work you’re eliminating from your life.","Simplify your goals. Instead of having half a dozen goals or more, simplify it to one goal. Not only will this make you less stressed, it will make you more successful. You’ll be able to focus on that One Goal, and give it all of your energy. That gives you much better chances for success.","Simplify your filing system. Stacking a bunch of papers just doesn’t work. But a filing system doesn’t have to be complicated to be useful. Create a simple system.","Develop equanimity. If every little thing that happens to you sends you into anger or stress, your life might never be simple. Learn to detach yourself, and be more at peace. Read more.","Reduce your consumption of advertising. Advertising makes us want things. That’s what it’s designed to do, and it works. Find ways to reduce your exposure of advertising, whether that’s in print, online, broadcast, or elsewhere. You’ll want much less.","Live life more deliberately. Do every task slowly, with ease, paying full attention to what you’re doing. For more, see Peaceful Simplicity: How to Live a Life of Contentment.","Make a Most Important Tasks (MITs) list each day. Set just 3 very important things you want to accomplish each day. Don’t start with a long list of things you probably won’t get done by the end of the day. A simple list of 3 things, ones that would make you feel like you accomplished something. See this article for more.","Create morning and evening routines. A great way to simplify your life is to create routines at the start and end of your day. Read more on morning routines and evening routines.","Create a morning writing ritual. If you enjoy writing, like I do, make it a peaceful, productive ritual. Article here.","Learn to do nothing. Doing nothing can be an art form, and it should be a part of every life. Read the Art of Doing Nothing.","Go for quality, not quantity. Try not to have a ton of stuff in your life ... instead, have just a few possessions, but ones that you really love, and that will last for a long time.","Read Simplify Your Life, by Elaine St. James. One of my favorite all-time authors on simplicity. Read my review here.","Fill your day with simple pleasures. Make a list of your favorite simple pleasures, and sprinkle them throughout your day. List here.","Simplify your RSS feeds. If you’ve got dozens of feeds, or more than a hundred (as I once did), you probably have a lot of stress in trying to keep up with them all. Simplify your feed reading. See How to Drop an RSS Feed Like a Bad Habit.","But subscribe to Unclutterer. Probably the best blog on simplifying your stuff and routines (along with Zen Habits, of course!).","Simplify your online life. If you have too much going on online, here are a few ways to simplify it all. Article here.","Strive to automate your income. This isn’t the easiest task, but it can (and has) been done. I’ve been working towards it myself. Article here.","Simplify your budget. Many people skip budgeting (which is very important) because it’s too hard or too complicated. Read more here.","Learn to pack light. Who wants to lug a bunch of luggage around on a trip? Here’s an article on using just one carry-on.","Leave space around things in your day. Whether they’re appointments, or things you need to do, don’t stack them back-to-back. Leave a little space between things you need to do, so you will have room for contingencies, and you’ll go through your day much more relaxed.","Live closer to work. This might mean getting a job closer to your home, or moving to a home closer to your work. Either will do much to simplify your life."]},"parsed_md":"Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life - zen habits zen\nhabits\n\n# zen habits\n\n# breathe\n\n## Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life\n\n> “Simplicity is the peak of civilization.” – Jessie Sampter\n\n###### By Leo Babauta\n\nA simple life has a different meaning and a different value for every person.\nFor me, it means eliminating all but the essential, eschewing chaos for peace,\nand spending your time doing what’s important to you.\n\nIt means getting rid of many of the things you do so you can spend time with\npeople you love and do the things you love. It means getting rid of the\nclutter so you are left with only that which gives you value.\n\nHowever, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process. It’s a journey,\nnot a destination, and it can often be a journey of two steps forward, and one\nbackward.\n\nIf you’re interested in simplifying your life, this is a great starter’s guide\n(if you’re not interested, move on).\n\nThe Short List For the cynics who say that the list below is too long, there\nare really only two steps to simplifying:\n\n 1. Identify what’s most important to you.\n 2. Eliminate everything else.\n\nOf course, that’s not terribly useful unless you can see how to apply that to\ndifferent areas of your life, so I present to you the Long List.\n\nThe Long List There can be no step-by-step guide to simplifying your life, but\nI’ve compiled an incomplete list of ideas that should help anyone trying to\nfind the simple life. Not every tip will work for you — choose the ones that\nappeal and apply to your life.\n\nOne important note: this list will be criticized for being too complicated,\nespecially as it provides a bunch of links. Don’t stress out about all of\nthat. Just choose one at a time, and focus on that. When you’re done with\nthat, focus on the next thing.\n\n 1. Make a list of your top 4-5 important things. What’s most important to you? What do you value most? What 4-5 things do you most want to do in your life? Simplifying starts with these priorities, as you are trying to make room in your life so you have more time for these things.\n 2. Evaluate your commitments. Look at everything you’ve got going on in your life. Everything, from work to home to civic to kids’ activities to hobbies to side businesses to other projects. Think about which of these really gives you value, which ones you love doing. Which of these are in line with the 4-5 most important things you listed above? Drop those that aren’t in line with those things. Article here.\n 3. Evaluate your time. How do you spend your day? What things do you do, from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, eliminate the things that aren’t, and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.\n 4. Simplify work tasks. Our work day is made up of an endless list of work tasks. If you simply try to knock off all the tasks on your to-do list, you’ll never get everything done, and worse yet, you’ll never get the important stuff done. Focus on the essential tasks and eliminate the rest. Read more.\n 5. Simplify home tasks. In that vein, think about all the stuff you do at home. Sometimes our home task list is just as long as our work list. And we’ll never get that done either. So focus on the most important, and try to find ways to eliminate the other tasks (automate, eliminate, delegate, or hire help).\n 6. Learn to say no. This is actually one of the key habits for those trying to simplify their lives. If you can’t say no, you will take on too much. Article here.\n 7. Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, IM, cell phones, paper mail, Skype, Twitter, forums, and more. It can take up your whole day if you let it. Instead, put a limit on your communications: only do email at certain times of the day, for a certain number of minutes (I recommend twice a day, but do what works for you). Only do IM once a day, for a limited amount of time. Limit phone calls to certain times too. Same with any other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.\n 8. Limit your media consumption. This tip won’t be for everyone, so if media consumption is important to you, please skip it (as with any of the other tips). However, I believe that the media in our lives — TV, radio, Internet, magazines, etc. — can come to dominate our lives. Don’t let it. Simplify your life and your information consumption by limiting it. Try a media fast.\n 9. Purge your stuff. If you can devote a weekend to purging the stuff you don’t want, it feels seriously terrific. Get boxes and trash bags for the stuff you want to donate or toss. Here’s my guide on decluttering. Here’s a post on starting small. More on purging below.\n 10. Get rid of the big items. There’s tons of little clutter in our lives, but if you start with the big items, you’ll simplify your life quickly and in a big way. Read more.\n 11. Edit your rooms. One room at a time, go around the room and eliminate the unnecessary. Act as a newspaper editor, trying to leave only the minimum, and deleting everything else. Article here.\n 12. Edit closets and drawers. Once you’ve gone through the main parts of your rooms, tackle the closets and drawers, one drawer or shelf at a time. More here.\n 13. Simplify your wardrobe. Is your closet bursting full? Are your drawers so stuffed they can’t close (I’m talking about dresser drawers here, not underwear). Simplify your wardrobe by getting rid of anything you don’t actually wear. Try creating a minimal wardrobe by focusing on simple styles and a few solid colors that all match each other. Read more.\n 14. Simplify your computing life. If you have trouble with too many files and too much disorganization, consider online computing. It can simplify things greatly. Read more.\n 15. Declutter your digital packrattery. If you are a digital packrat, and cannot seem to control your digital clutter, there is still hope for you. Read this guide to curing yourself of this clutter.\n 16. Create a simplicity statement. What do you want your simple life to look like? Write it out. More here.\n 17. Limit your buying habits. If you are a slave to materialism and consumerism, there are ways to escape it. I was there, and although I haven’t escaped these things entirely, I feel much freer of it all. If you can escape materialism, you can get into the habit of buying less. And that will mean less stuff, less spending, less freneticism. Read more.\n 18. Free up time. Find ways to free up time for the important stuff. That means eliminating the stuff you don’t like, cutting back on time wasters, and making room for what you want to do.\n 19. Do what you love. Once you’ve freed up some time, be sure to spend that extra time doing things you love. Go back to your list of 4-5 important things. Do those, and nothing else. Read more.\n 20. Spend time with people you love. Again, the list of 4-5 important things probably contains some of the people you love (if not, you may want to re-evaluate). Whether those people are a spouse, a partner, children, parents, other family, best friends, or whoever, find time to do things with them, talk to them, be intimate with them (not necessarily in sexual ways).\n 21. Spend time alone. See this list of ways to free up time for yourself — to spend in solitude. Alone time is good for you, although some people aren’t comfortable with it. It could take practice getting used to the quiet, and making room for your inner voice. It sounds new-agey, I know, but it’s extremely calming. And this quiet is necessary for finding out what’s important to you.\n 22. Eat slowly. If you cram your food down your throat, you are not only missing out on the great taste of the food, you are not eating healthy. Slow down to lose weight, improve digestion, and enjoy life more. Read more.\n 23. Drive slowly. Most people rush through traffic, honking and getting angry and frustrated and stressed out. And endangering themselves and others in the meantime. Driving slower is not only safer, but it is better on your fuel bill, and can be incredibly peaceful. Give it a try. Read more.\n 24. Be present. These two words can make a huge difference in simplifying your life. Living here and now, in the moment, keeps you aware of life, of what is going on around you and within you. It does wonders for your sanity. Read tips on how to do it.\n 25. Streamline your life. Many times we live with unplanned, complex systems in our lives because we haven’t given them much thought. Instead, focus on one system at a time (your laundry system, your errands system, your paperwork system, your email system, etc.) and try to make it simplified, efficient, and written. Then stick to it. Here’s more. Another good article here.\n 26. Create a simple mail & paperwork system. If you don’t have a system, this stuff will pile up. But a simple system will keep everything in order. Here’s how.\n 27. Create a simple system for house work. Another example of a simple system is clean-as-you-go with a burst. Read more.\n 28. Clear your desk. If you have a cluttered desk, it can be distracting and disorganized and stressful. A clear desk, however, is only a couple of simple habits away. Read more.\n 29. Establish routines. The key to keeping your life simple is to create simple routines — a morning routine, a bill-paying routine, an evening routine.\n 30. Keep your email inbox empty. Is your email inbox overflowing with new and read messages? Do the messages just keep piling up? If so, you’re normal — but you could be more efficient and your email life could be simplified with a few simple steps. Read more.\n 31. Learn to live frugally. Living frugally means buying less, wanting less, and leaving less of a footprint on the earth. It’s directly related to simplicity. Here are 50 tips on how to live frugally.\n 32. Make your house minimalist. A minimalist house has what is necessary, and not much else. It’s also extremely peaceful (not to mention easy to clean). More here.\n 33. Find other ways to be minimalist. There are tons. You can find ways to be minimalist in every area of your life. Here are a few I do, to spur your own ideas.\n 34. Consider a smaller home. If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life. Read about downsizing your home here.\n 35. Consider a smaller car. This is a big move, but if you have a large car or SUV, you may not really need something that big. It’s more expensive, uses more gas, harder to maintain, harder to park. Simplify your life with less car. You don’t need to go tiny, especially if you have a family, but try to find as small a car as can fit you or your family comfortably. Maybe not something you’re going to do today, but something to think about over the long term.\n 36. Learn what “enough” is. Our materialistic society today is about getting more and more, with no end in sight. Sure, you can get the latest gadget, and more clothes and shoes. More stuff. But when will you have enough? Most people don’t know, and thus they keep buying more. It’s a neverending cycle. Get off the cycle by figuring out how much is enough. And then stop when you get there.\n 37. Create a simple weekly dinner menu. If figuring out what’s for dinner is a nightly stressor for you or your family, consider creating a weekly menu. Decide on a week’s worth of simple dinners, set a specific dinner for each night of the week, go grocery shopping for the ingredients. Now you know what’s for dinner each night, and you have all the ingredients necessary. No need for difficult recipes — find ones that can be done in 10-15 minutes (or less).\n 38. Eat healthy. It might not be obvious how eating healthy relates to simplicity, but think about the opposite: if you eat fatty, greasy, salty, sugary, fried foods all the time, you are sure to have higher medical needs over the long term. We could be talking years from now, but imagine frequent doctor visits, hospitalization, going to the pharmacist, getting therapy, having surgery, taking insulin shots ... you get the idea. Being unhealthy is complicated. Eating healthy simplifies all of that greatly, over the long term. Read about how to simplify your eating habits.\n 39. Exercise. This goes along the same lines as eating healthy, as it simplifies your life in the long run, but it goes even further: exercise helps burn off stress and makes you feel better. It’s great. Here’s how to create the exercise habit.\n 40. Declutter before organizing. Many people make the mistake of taking a cluttered desk or filing cabinet or closet or drawer, and trying to organize it. Unfortunately, that’s not only hard to do, it keeps things complicated. Simplify the process by getting rid of as much of the junk as possible, and then organizing. If you declutter enough, you won’t need to organize at all.\n 41. Have a place for everything. Age-old advice, but it’s the best advice on keeping things organized. After you declutter. Read more here.\n 42. Find inner simplicity. I’m not much of a spiritual person, but I have found that spending a little time with my inner self creates a peaceful simplicity rather than a chaotic confusion. This could be time praying or communing with God, or time spent meditating or journaling or getting to know yourself, or time spent in nature. However you do it, working on your inner self is worth the time.\n 43. Learn to decompress from stress. Every life is filled with stress — no matter how much you simplify your life, you’ll still have stress (except in the case of the ultimate simplifier, death). So after you go through stress, find ways to decompress. Here are some ideas.\n 44. Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids. Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicating, needing not only car payments, but insurance, registration, safety inspections, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.\n 45. Find a creative outlet for self-expression. Whether that’s writing, poetry, painting, drawing, creating movies, designing websites, dance, skateboarding, whatever. We have a need for self-expression, and finding a way to do that makes your life much more fulfilling. Allow this to replace much of the busy-work you’re eliminating from your life.\n 46. Simplify your goals. Instead of having half a dozen goals or more, simplify it to one goal. Not only will this make you less stressed, it will make you more successful. You’ll be able to focus on that One Goal, and give it all of your energy. That gives you much better chances for success.\n 47. Single-task. Multi-tasking is more complicated, more stressful, and generally less productive. Instead, do one task at a time.\n 48. Simplify your filing system. Stacking a bunch of papers just doesn’t work. But a filing system doesn’t have to be complicated to be useful. Create a simple system.\n 49. Develop equanimity. If every little thing that happens to you sends you into anger or stress, your life might never be simple. Learn to detach yourself, and be more at peace. Read more.\n 50. Reduce your consumption of advertising. Advertising makes us want things. That’s what it’s designed to do, and it works. Find ways to reduce your exposure of advertising, whether that’s in print, online, broadcast, or elsewhere. You’ll want much less.\n 51. Live life more deliberately. Do every task slowly, with ease, paying full attention to what you’re doing. For more, see Peaceful Simplicity: How to Live a Life of Contentment.\n 52. Make a Most Important Tasks (MITs) list each day. Set just 3 very important things you want to accomplish each day. Don’t start with a long list of things you probably won’t get done by the end of the day. A simple list of 3 things, ones that would make you feel like you accomplished something. See this article for more.\n 53. Create morning and evening routines. A great way to simplify your life is to create routines at the start and end of your day. Read more on morning routines and evening routines.\n 54. Create a morning writing ritual. If you enjoy writing, like I do, make it a peaceful, productive ritual. Article here.\n 55. Learn to do nothing. Doing nothing can be an art form, and it should be a part of every life. Read the Art of Doing Nothing.\n 56. Read Walden, by Thoreau. The quintessential text on simplifying. Available on Wikisources for free.\n 57. Go for quality, not quantity. Try not to have a ton of stuff in your life ... instead, have just a few possessions, but ones that you really love, and that will last for a long time.\n 58. Read Simplify Your Life, by Elaine St. James. One of my favorite all-time authors on simplicity. Read my review here.\n 59. Fill your day with simple pleasures. Make a list of your favorite simple pleasures, and sprinkle them throughout your day. List here.\n 60. Simplify your RSS feeds. If you’ve got dozens of feeds, or more than a hundred (as I once did), you probably have a lot of stress in trying to keep up with them all. Simplify your feed reading. See How to Drop an RSS Feed Like a Bad Habit.\n 61. But subscribe to Unclutterer. Probably the best blog on simplifying your stuff and routines (along with Zen Habits, of course!).\n 62. Create an easy-to-maintain yard. If you spend too much time on your yard, here are some good tips.\n 63. Carry less stuff. Are your pockets bulging. Consider carrying only the essentials. Some thoughts on that here.\n 64. Simplify your online life. If you have too much going on online, here are a few ways to simplify it all. Article here.\n 65. Strive to automate your income. This isn’t the easiest task, but it can (and has) been done. I’ve been working towards it myself. Article here.\n 66. Simplify your budget. Many people skip budgeting (which is very important) because it’s too hard or too complicated. Read more here.\n 67. Simplify your financial life. Article from a financial planning expert here.\n 68. Learn to pack light. Who wants to lug a bunch of luggage around on a trip? Here’s an article on using just one carry-on.\n 69. Use a minimalist productivity system. The minimal Zen To Done is all you need. Everything else is icing.\n 70. Leave space around things in your day. Whether they’re appointments, or things you need to do, don’t stack them back-to-back. Leave a little space between things you need to do, so you will have room for contingencies, and you’ll go through your day much more relaxed.\n 71. Live closer to work. This might mean getting a job closer to your home, or moving to a home closer to your work. Either will do much to simplify your life.\n 72. Always ask: Will this simplify my life? If the answer is no, reconsider.\n\nPrevious post: The Cheapskate’s Bible: The Complete Tightwad Gazette\n\nNext post: Design Your Life: What Would You Do If You Had Nothing To Do?\n\n# Life-changing training programs and live experiences\n\n# from Zen Habits:\n\nTransformation, one change at a time\n\nFall in love with uncertainty\n\nFree Live Masterclass Getting Your One Thing Done\n\n## Join 2,000,000 breath-taking readers:\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Patreon\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514070101/https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/","parsed_text":{"title":"Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society, by Mira Luna","passages":["Shareable has published many stories about the gift economy and living without money. While they're often inspiring and popular, they often bring up fear of survival. People ask, “Is this really possible for ME?” or “Will I become homeless or sick and die from poverty?” Personally, I've questioned whether living in the gift economy is realistic only for privileged, healthy people.","And so I tracked down Brice Royer for an interview. Brice is a young, now voluntarily unemployed entrepreneur from Vancouver with stomach cancer. He not only depends on gift exchange to survive, but helps other people survive through the gift and prosthelytizes gift culture with much conviction. He recently gave a speech alongside Mayor Robertson of Vancouver on how economic inequality is bad for our health and why sharing is better. His courageous acts of generosity have sparked many others to join the gift economy movement and gained international attention.","His story resonates deeply with many people because he shows that not only can you live your values, but life might be so much happier, healthier, and more rich, even under adverse circumstances (i.e. the worst case scenario everyone worries about). These kinds of stories can create such a dramatic psychological shift that some people (three I know personally) have changed careers to work on the new economy after hearing such stories. While not everyone can be just like Brice, he can help us take a little leap of faith that gets us all closer to an economy and culture we actually want to live in.","Brice Royer: For me, the gift economy is about family. It's about not turning love into a business. I learned that the \"gift economy\" is just a term used by university professors to talk about what people in small towns do naturally and how ancient human societies lived. They help their families and their neighbours because they depend on one another, and it's usually a community of around 150 people. You rarely see a strong sense of community in urban cities or gated communities because there's less trust. Not surprisingly, the bigger the city and stronger the market economy, the more people are busy, stressed and isolated.","I suddenly realized that our dependence and need of money is correlated to our isolation from our community. The more I rely on money or trade to fulfill my needs, the more disconnected I become from others. Loneliness and stress is the most underrated health factor for disease, so for me, the gift economy is an important way to reduce social stress and isolation which leads to healing. On a mid-scale, it's also a way for small businesses to reconcile and change the conversation on that inner conflict between passion and profits. On a larger scale, it's a way for politicians and social activists to reform our economic system which is at the root cause of wealth inequality leading to many social ills like climate change.","Cancer. My doctor told me I have a stomach tumour but didn't know why. So I looked at the world's healthiest places like Ikaria Greece and Okinawa Japan with the highest concentration of centenerians to learn how they live. I was surprised that almost all have gift economies, live close to family and have a strong community. As an entrepreneur, I found this very surprising because it's the complete opposite of what we're taught in North America. We have more money and options, but we're more sick. There's something very odd about that. It wasn't until I heard of Mark Boyle, a man in the UK who lived without money who felt healthier than ever before, that I was very interested in starting this experiment to live in a gift economy.","Last year, I began an experiment to heal myself from cancer by transitioning to a gift economy. I decided not to buy anything from strangers and impersonal companies as much as possible because I feel disconnected. It bothered me that I don't know where my food comes from! All this stress, impersonal relationships and loneliness isn't good for my health. So I decided to support and rely on my family, friends and local neighbours for my basic needs. I asked a friend, Carlos, to invite his friends so we can start a gift circle, and then met a mutual friend, Heidi Henderson who offered 1000 sq feet space at Vital Health Clinic for our first meeting where I met Peter Endisch, a programmer who offered me his car as a gift, which made the national news in Canada.","Another friend introduced me to a farmer who has been giving me vegetables. He never asked for anything in return. Now he needs help to get a tractor, so I decided to pay it forward, he was in the news recently and we all raised $12k in one day for him. Later, he surprised me and got me in tears and decided to start a \"Brice Royer cancer survivor\" garden and will deliver food to cancer patients. It will help many of my friends who are in need. He can deliver pesticide free food to 25 people for the season for only $1000. That's $13.33 for weekly food delivery one person for the whole month, which is incredible. We are aiming to expand the free farm internationally. I'm still recovering but I wanted to share this in the hopes that it will inspire you. If anyone would like to get in touch, feel free to follow me on Facebook where I post my latest public updates on my recovery.","I'm not sure. There's probably all sorts of reasons. Sometimes it's because they read in the news that a stranger gave me a car, or that I paid a stranger's rent for one year. These are big gifts that took a leap of faith. Other times it's because they love the idea that a cancer patient thinks he can heal himself with acts of kindness. I guess it's not often you hear stories like this! People often say to me, \"You're right on the mark...\" about the economic system. I think the truth resonates that there's something wrong with our economic system and the way we treat each other. We all want to pay it forward, but don't know if it's practical. People are looking for practical alternatives just like I am.","What are some ways you've gotten your needs met by living in the gift and how has it changed your life?","I feel closer to family and friends than ever before. I consume less and noticed I feel happier. It also changed the way I am thinking about meeting my needs, or meeting other people's needs. Instead of buying something, I simply ask myself a series of questions:","I met farmers from a mutual friend who offered me a gift of food which was the first time I know where my food comes from. As a result, I felt more connected, I sleep better, and feel generally happier than I've been in the last two years. Relationships are not all fun and games though because it taught me to emotionally resilient and go the extra mile, to be real with people, instead of isolating myself with the freedom and convenience that money provides.","Sure. Here are some examples of gifts I've received: a few people offered me accommodation, including a doctor from New Zealand and a nurse named Jane, as shown on this TV interview, a car, a speaking opportunityalongside the Mayor of Vancouver (and carrots), 100 organic vegetables, a haircut, one stranger gave me $5 for my rent (and more), health services (nutritionists, doctors, healers, massage therapists, free DNA tests from 23andme, and more), a website for the gift economy (This website is gifted and uncopyrighted. It's not mine, but I sometimes blog there).","Here's some gifts I've given or organized, in addition to the free farm project: I paid people's dental care and someone got $700+ for her dental amalgam removal, a depressed dad gets surprised by strangers, I offered to pay a stranger's rent for a year and I shared $10k worth of stuff.","It's very complex, like an onion with many layers. I recently talked to someone who mentioned her friend became a prostitute and the social taboo in society about it. But then I realized I am a prostitute too. What's the difference between a prostitute and a person with a regular job? If I give you a price for my time, am I not prostituting my services too? We're all prostitutes in a way, we just offer different services. Some of us are prostituting health services, legal advice, business services, and there's even the commodification of friendship nowadays. Have you heard of life coaching? As long as I'm in the market economy, then I am a prostitute too. Of course it's not our fault, it's the system we live in. It's designed that way, unless you live in a smaller community. There are many doctors who can explain the impact of our economic system on our physical health better than I can, like Dr. Gabor Mate. I highly recommend his interview on how capitalism makes us sick. Another good statistic is how wealth inequality is bad for the health of both the rich and the poor by Equality Pledge UK.","Do you feel more or less secure living in the gift and why? How does gifting play into your sense of community?","A lot more connected. But it fluctuates and depends on the strength, connection and proximity of my relationships with my family and friends. I generally feel more secure when I make more effort to be connected. It feels great to give to people you care about. Investing in relationships has its own set of challenges and rewards. But it's difficult to build relationships when you live in a city or in a country with wealth inequality where people are busy with day jobs. And it affects people of every social class. For example, I heard of someone who sold his company for $30 million and he was surprised at how socially isolating he feels after this sudden windfall. I often tell people it's the wealthiest of us who need to start a gift economy, to reconnect with our family, friends and community, because the poorest communities already understand the concept since they have no choice but to depend on the kindness of others out of necessity.","Well, it began in Vancouver but it's now international. It's de-centralized, so everyone starts their own group. Now it's a community where you can learn how to start gift circle groups with your friends, coworkers, or neighbours. There are small groups for entrepreneurs, families, schools, and so on. You can join the Vancouver group and start meeting people from different countries. But I encourage people to start reconnecting with their family and friends rather than to join a website. That's often your closest gift economy. What is something you can offer that your family, neighbours or community would normally buy from you, or from a stranger? Maybe it's a camera you can share that you haven't used for a long time, or a professional service that you can offer. Once you start offering your gifts to people you trust and depend on, you're on your way to brighten someone's day and start a gift economy. If you need help, feel free to send us an email at gifteconomyvancouver@gmail.com. If you'd like to connect with me, I'm on Facebook.","This article was printed with permission of Shareable -- an online magazine that tells the story of sharing that covers people, places, and projects bringing a shareable world to life. The author, Mira Luna, is the Organizing Director and a writer for Shareable covering grassroots economics. She is a long time social and environmental justice activist, community organizer and journalist, working to develop an alternative economy.","We've sent daily emails for over 16 years, without any ads. Join a community of 244,609 by entering your email below.","Trending DailyGoods May 3: Six Habits of Hope (46,125 reads) Mar 30: Our Nervous Systems in the Time of COVID (9,842 reads) Apr 6: Marina Keegan & the Opposite of Loneliness (48,607 reads) Apr 8: Hummingbirds and the Ecstatic Moment (3,595 reads) Apr 12: Merry Clayton: Beautiful Scars (3,528 reads)","DailyGood is a portal that shares inspiring quotes and news stories that focus on the \"good\" we can find in our world daily along with a simple action to continue that goodness. Since 1999, it has delivered positive news to subscriber inboxes for free by volunteers every day."]},"parsed_md":"Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society, by Mira\nLuna\n\n * Home | About Us | News | Quotes | Subscribe\n * Get Involved\n\n * Generosity\n * Everyday Heroes\n * Nature\n * Work\n * Science & Tech\n * Mind & Body\n * Business\n\nHome > News > Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and\nSociety\n\n20877 reads \n--- \n \nRemember that the happiest people are not those getting more, but those giving\nmore. --H. Jackson Brown, Jr. \n--- \n \n# Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society\n\n\\--by Mira Luna, syndicated from shareable.net, May 25, 2015\n\nShareable has published many stories about the gift economy and living without\nmoney. While they're often inspiring and popular, they often bring up fear of\nsurvival. People ask, “Is this really possible for ME?” or “Will I become\nhomeless or sick and die from poverty?” Personally, I've questioned whether\nliving in the gift economy is realistic only for privileged, healthy people.\n\nAnd so I tracked down Brice Royer for an interview. Brice is a young, now\nvoluntarily unemployed entrepreneur from Vancouver with stomach cancer. He not\nonly depends on gift exchange to survive, but helps other people survive\nthrough the gift and prosthelytizes gift culture with much conviction. He\nrecently gave a speech alongside Mayor Robertson of Vancouver on how economic\ninequality is bad for our health and why sharing is better. His courageous\nacts of generosity have sparked many others to join the gift economy movement\nand gained international attention.\n\nHis story resonates deeply with many people because he shows that not only can\nyou live your values, but life might be so much happier, healthier, and more\nrich, even under adverse circumstances (i.e. the worst case scenario everyone\nworries about). These kinds of stories can create such a dramatic\npsychological shift that some people (three I know personally) have changed\ncareers to work on the new economy after hearing such stories. While not\neveryone can be just like Brice, he can help us take a little leap of faith\nthat gets us all closer to an economy and culture we actually want to live in.\n\nBrice Royer gives a speech alongside the Mayor of Vancouver\n\nMira Luna: What does gift economy mean to you?\n\nBrice Royer: For me, the gift economy is about family. It's about not turning\nlove into a business. I learned that the \"gift economy\" is just a term used by\nuniversity professors to talk about what people in small towns do naturally\nand how ancient human societies lived. They help their families and their\nneighbours because they depend on one another, and it's usually a community of\naround 150 people. You rarely see a strong sense of community in urban cities\nor gated communities because there's less trust. Not surprisingly, the bigger\nthe city and stronger the market economy, the more people are busy, stressed\nand isolated.\n\nI suddenly realized that our dependence and need of money is correlated to our\nisolation from our community. The more I rely on money or trade to fulfill my\nneeds, the more disconnected I become from others. Loneliness and stress is\nthe most underrated health factor for disease, so for me, the gift economy is\nan important way to reduce social stress and isolation which leads to healing.\nOn a mid-scale, it's also a way for small businesses to reconcile and change\nthe conversation on that inner conflict between passion and profits. On a\nlarger scale, it's a way for politicians and social activists to reform our\neconomic system which is at the root cause of wealth inequality leading to\nmany social ills like climate change.\n\nWhat brought to you to the gift economy?\n\nCancer. My doctor told me I have a stomach tumour but didn't know why. So I\nlooked at the world's healthiest places like Ikaria Greece and Okinawa Japan\nwith the highest concentration of centenerians to learn how they live. I was\nsurprised that almost all have gift economies, live close to family and have a\nstrong community. As an entrepreneur, I found this very surprising because\nit's the complete opposite of what we're taught in North America. We have more\nmoney and options, but we're more sick. There's something very odd about that.\nIt wasn't until I heard of Mark Boyle, a man in the UK who lived without money\nwho felt healthier than ever before, that I was very interested in starting\nthis experiment to live in a gift economy.\n\nLast year, I began an experiment to heal myself from cancer by transitioning\nto a gift economy. I decided not to buy anything from strangers and impersonal\ncompanies as much as possible because I feel disconnected. It bothered me that\nI don't know where my food comes from! All this stress, impersonal\nrelationships and loneliness isn't good for my health. So I decided to support\nand rely on my family, friends and local neighbours for my basic needs. I\nasked a friend, Carlos, to invite his friends so we can start a gift circle,\nand then met a mutual friend, Heidi Henderson who offered 1000 sq feet space\nat Vital Health Clinic for our first meeting where I met Peter Endisch, a\nprogrammer who offered me his car as a gift, which made the national news in\nCanada.\n\nBrice fundraises for a tractor for local farmer to help give food to cancer\npatients\n\nAnother friend introduced me to a farmer who has been giving me vegetables. He\nnever asked for anything in return. Now he needs help to get a tractor, so I\ndecided to pay it forward, he was in the news recently and we all raised $12k\nin one day for him. Later, he surprised me and got me in tears and decided to\nstart a \"Brice Royer cancer survivor\" garden and will deliver food to cancer\npatients. It will help many of my friends who are in need. He can deliver\npesticide free food to 25 people for the season for only $1000. That's $13.33\nfor weekly food delivery one person for the whole month, which is incredible.\nWe are aiming to expand the free farm internationally. I'm still recovering\nbut I wanted to share this in the hopes that it will inspire you. If anyone\nwould like to get in touch, feel free to follow me on Facebook where I post my\nlatest public updates on my recovery.\n\nWhy do you think so many people and the media are drawn to your story?\n\nI'm not sure. There's probably all sorts of reasons. Sometimes it's because\nthey read in the news that a stranger gave me a car, or that I paid a\nstranger's rent for one year. These are big gifts that took a leap of faith.\nOther times it's because they love the idea that a cancer patient thinks he\ncan heal himself with acts of kindness. I guess it's not often you hear\nstories like this! People often say to me, \"You're right on the mark...\" about\nthe economic system. I think the truth resonates that there's something wrong\nwith our economic system and the way we treat each other. We all want to pay\nit forward, but don't know if it's practical. People are looking for practical\nalternatives just like I am.\n\nWhat are some ways you've gotten your needs met by living in the gift and how\nhas it changed your life?\n\nI feel closer to family and friends than ever before. I consume less and\nnoticed I feel happier. It also changed the way I am thinking about meeting my\nneeds, or meeting other people's needs. Instead of buying something, I simply\nask myself a series of questions:\n\n1\\. \"Do I really need this?\"\n\n2\\. \"Is there a sustainable alternative?\"\n\n3\\. \"Do I have a family member or friend who provides this service or\nproduct?\"\n\nI met farmers from a mutual friend who offered me a gift of food which was the\nfirst time I know where my food comes from. As a result, I felt more\nconnected, I sleep better, and feel generally happier than I've been in the\nlast two years. Relationships are not all fun and games though because it\ntaught me to emotionally resilient and go the extra mile, to be real with\npeople, instead of isolating myself with the freedom and convenience that\nmoney provides.\n\nCan you give me some more specific examples of things you've exchanged?\n\nSure. Here are some examples of gifts I've received: a few people offered me\naccommodation, including a doctor from New Zealand and a nurse named Jane, as\nshown on this TV interview, a car, a speaking opportunityalongside the Mayor\nof Vancouver (and carrots), 100 organic vegetables, a haircut, one stranger\ngave me $5 for my rent (and more), health services (nutritionists, doctors,\nhealers, massage therapists, free DNA tests from 23andme, and more), a website\nfor the gift economy (This website is gifted and uncopyrighted. It's not mine,\nbut I sometimes blog there).\n\nHere's some gifts I've given or organized, in addition to the free farm\nproject: I paid people's dental care and someone got $700+ for her dental\namalgam removal, a depressed dad gets surprised by strangers, I offered to pay\na stranger's rent for a year and I shared $10k worth of stuff.\n\nBrice received massage and organic vegetables, which he shared with neighbors\n\nWhat impact do you believe the economic system has on mental and physical\nhealth?\n\nIt's very complex, like an onion with many layers. I recently talked to\nsomeone who mentioned her friend became a prostitute and the social taboo in\nsociety about it. But then I realized I am a prostitute too. What's the\ndifference between a prostitute and a person with a regular job? If I give you\na price for my time, am I not prostituting my services too? We're all\nprostitutes in a way, we just offer different services. Some of us are\nprostituting health services, legal advice, business services, and there's\neven the commodification of friendship nowadays. Have you heard of life\ncoaching? As long as I'm in the market economy, then I am a prostitute too. Of\ncourse it's not our fault, it's the system we live in. It's designed that way,\nunless you live in a smaller community. There are many doctors who can explain\nthe impact of our economic system on our physical health better than I can,\nlike Dr. Gabor Mate. I highly recommend his interview on how capitalism makes\nus sick. Another good statistic is how wealth inequality is bad for the health\nof both the rich and the poor by Equality Pledge UK.\n\nDo you feel more or less secure living in the gift and why? How does gifting\nplay into your sense of community?\n\nA lot more connected. But it fluctuates and depends on the strength,\nconnection and proximity of my relationships with my family and friends. I\ngenerally feel more secure when I make more effort to be connected. It feels\ngreat to give to people you care about. Investing in relationships has its own\nset of challenges and rewards. But it's difficult to build relationships when\nyou live in a city or in a country with wealth inequality where people are\nbusy with day jobs. And it affects people of every social class. For example,\nI heard of someone who sold his company for $30 million and he was surprised\nat how socially isolating he feels after this sudden windfall. I often tell\npeople it's the wealthiest of us who need to start a gift economy, to\nreconnect with our family, friends and community, because the poorest\ncommunities already understand the concept since they have no choice but to\ndepend on the kindness of others out of necessity.\n\nWhat is Gift Economy Vancouver and how can someone get involved in their own\ncommunity?\n\nVideo about Gift Economy Vancouver\n\nWell, it began in Vancouver but it's now international. It's de-centralized,\nso everyone starts their own group. Now it's a community where you can learn\nhow to start gift circle groups with your friends, coworkers, or neighbours.\nThere are small groups for entrepreneurs, families, schools, and so on. You\ncan join the Vancouver group and start meeting people from different\ncountries. But I encourage people to start reconnecting with their family and\nfriends rather than to join a website. That's often your closest gift economy.\nWhat is something you can offer that your family, neighbours or community\nwould normally buy from you, or from a stranger? Maybe it's a camera you can\nshare that you haven't used for a long time, or a professional service that\nyou can offer. Once you start offering your gifts to people you trust and\ndepend on, you're on your way to brighten someone's day and start a gift\neconomy. If you need help, feel free to send us an email at\ngifteconomyvancouver@gmail.com. If you'd like to connect with me, I'm on\nFacebook.\n\nDo you have any other resources you'd like to share?\n\nYou can take the Gift Economy Challenge and here are our most popular\narticles:\n\nThe Surprising Link Between Extreme Longevity and High Unemployment Rate\n\nGift Economy for Business Owners: the $40 Billion Enterprise?\n\nHow to Start a Gift Circle\n\nThis article was printed with permission of Shareable -- an online magazine\nthat tells the story of sharing that covers people, places, and projects\nbringing a shareable world to life. The author, Mira Luna, is the Organizing\nDirector and a writer for Shareable covering grassroots economics. She is a\nlong time social and environmental justice activist, community organizer and\njournalist, working to develop an alternative economy.\n\nPrint\n\nLoved This? Pass It On!\n\n#### Check These Out Next\n\nMarina Keegan & The Opposite of Loneliness| Erich Fromm's Six Rules of\nListening| Wonder: When & Why The World Appears Radiant| A 19-Year-Old's Book\nOf Untranslatable Words \n---|---|---|--- \n \n#### More Articles From www.shareable.net\n\nValues and the Sharing Economy| How One Woman's Food Redistribution App is\nFeeding Thousands| The Library of Things: Sharing More Than Books| Pay-As-You-\nFeel Cafe Feeds Thousands on Food Waste \n---|---|---|--- \n \nRead More\n\nQuote Bulletin\n\nLittle girls with dreams become women with vision. Unknown\n\nSearch by keyword: Happiness, Wisdom, Work, Science, Technology, Meditation,\nJoy, Love, Success, Education, Relationships, Life\n\nContribute To Upcoming Stories\n\n# Subscribe to DailyGood\n\nWe've sent daily emails for over 16 years, without any ads. Join a community\nof 244,609 by entering your email below.\n\n * Email:\n\nSubscribe Unsubscribe?\n\nTrending DailyGoods May 3: Six Habits of Hope (46,125 reads) Mar 30: Our\nNervous Systems in the Time of COVID (9,842 reads) Apr 6: Marina Keegan & the\nOpposite of Loneliness (48,607 reads) Apr 8: Hummingbirds and the Ecstatic\nMoment (3,595 reads) Apr 12: Merry Clayton: Beautiful Scars (3,528 reads)\n\nMore ...\n\nRelated DailyGoods\n\nMar 17: The One Most Important Thing You Can Do Right Now Nov 5: What Focusing\non the Breath Does to Your Brain Feb 13: The Wonder of the Universe is\nWondering in Us Apr 2: How to Strengthen Your Inner Shield\n\n \n--- \n \n# About Us\n\nDailyGood is a portal that shares inspiring quotes and news stories that focus\non the \"good\" we can find in our world daily along with a simple action to\ncontinue that goodness. Since 1999, it has delivered positive news to\nsubscriber inboxes for free by volunteers every day.\n\n# Other Projects by ServiceSpace\n\nAwakinConversationsKindSpringKarmaKitchenKarmaTubeCF SitesPledgePagePropoor\n\nShare\n\nCopyright DailyGood 2020 | contact us\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201128081747/https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Slow Your Home\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"You want to live a simpler life, I know. That’s why you’re here, right? To create a life of simplicity, contentment and optimism.\",\n \"But can I tell you something? Your life will not change, you will not be able to create that life you want unless you take action.\",\n \"I want to make it easier for you to take action and move ahead on your journey to a simpler life. So all you have to do is set aside some time – anywhere between 10 minutes and an hour to tackle one of the 21 simple actions below.\",\n \"This is hands-down the best way to tidy and declutter a space in a short period of time. You can apply it to just one room at a time (strongly recommended), or if you’re feeling ambitious or particularly over-run with clutter – tackle all the main areas of the home.\",\n \"Moving quickly – pick up each and every item in that room that does not belong, or is out of place. Place them in the laundry basket.\",\n \"Once full, empty the contents of the laundry basket on the dining table or a clear space on the floor.\",\n \"Sort items into piles – according to where they belong, as well as a pile for rubbish/donations/items that do not belong to you.\",\n \"Recent studies have shown that those of us who are regularly grateful for the good in our lives are likely to be more physically active, feel more content in our day-to-day lives and suffer less health problems.\",\n \"Once a week, spend ten minutes writing down 5-10 people/acts/events/things you are grateful for. Just one sentence per entry is enough.\",\n \"The Gratitude studies have shown that over-doing the gratitude journalling may have the opposite effect. Over time we become immune to the feeling of well- being gained through gratitude and lose the positive benefit.\",\n \"Although I personally tend to think it would take a lot to over-do this. I can see no harm in thinking on the positives each morning or as you go to bed at night.\",\n \"I’m not entirely sure when “living room” came to mean “room where we watch television”, but that seems to be the purpose of most living rooms in most homes.\",\n \"But really, you want the living room to function in a number of ways, not only as a space to watch television.\",\n \"In fact, you really should take the emphasis of the room away from mindless television viewing and instead encourage lingering conversations, nights spent reading books and listening to music.\",\n \"Look at the furniture you own and decide if it all needs to stay. Are you able to wall mount your TV? Get rid of the entertainment unit?\",\n \"Bring a selection of your book and music collections out to encourage you to read or listen rather than automatically reaching for the remote at the end of the day.\",\n \"Indoor plants help detoxify the air inside our homes, by filtering the airborne toxins and fumes through the soil. They also help provide a point of calm and have been shown to improve productivity.\",\n \"Leave your new plants in their plastic pots and simply place in a decorative pot. This means you’re able to change out your plants and pots without having to re-pot every time.\",\n \"Spend some time being kind to your new plants, watering and feeding them well for the first few months. Slowly ease back on the TLC, allowing the plant to “harden off” and acclimatise to its new environment.\",\n \"Pay attention to the changing watering needs. In summer the plants will need watering 2-3 times a week, while in winter this will drop back to once every 2-3 weeks.\",\n \"Clutter attracts clutter, so a dining table with knick knacks, or papers or craft items permanently scattered across it will be far more likely to end up a catch-all for incoming mail, handbags, etc. AKA A Clutter Magnet.\",\n \"What good do these items do, what joy do they bring if you keep them locked away in a cabinet to be used for special occasions only?\",\n \"White space allows us to highlight items of beauty and meaning. Items that are special to us. Items that we are choosing to surround ourselves with.\",\n \"Live with that empty space for a week, then put one thing and one thing only back in that space. Make it something beautiful or meaningful.\",\n \"Preparation is half the battle in getting organised, so make your mornings easier – regardless of what they entail – by preparing yourself the night before:\",\n \"Take one minute to clear the sink and wipe down the benchtops – it’s remarkable the difference it makes to your morning to walk into a clean kitchen.\",\n \"Pull out your clothes and the clothes for your kids. If they’re old enough to dress themselves, then this is one less task for you in the morning.\",\n \"Set the table for breakfast. An action as simple as putting bowls, plates, cutlery and coffee cups out means people can serve themselves as they get ready. Even young kids are able to pour cereal and milk.\",\n \"Pack your bags. Prepare your work bag, the kids school bags or the nappy bag with everything (except lunches) that need to leave the house.\",\n \"Find a place in your cupboards for the kettle, toaster, blender and any other appliances that currently reside on the benchtop. It takes approximately 6 seconds to put these back after use and your kitchen will be so much easier on the eye and far less likely to become cluttered.\",\n \"This one change will keep your pantry tidy and uncluttered – meaning you’re far less likely to waste food and far more likely to keep the pantry organised.\",\n \"All you need is one or two shelves elsewhere in your house. Consider using a cupboard in the laundry or a shelf in the linen closet – providing it’s easy to access and out of view, anywhere will work.\",\n \"Use this space to store extra flour, breakfast cereals, sugar, pasta, pasta sauce, tinned tomatoes and beans, rice, quinoa, long-life milk, stocks etc.\",\n \"Fortnightly or monthly meal planning is made much easier by having the space set aside to store bulkier pantry staples\",\n \"Meal planning is one of the best things you can do to encourage a simpler way of living. It means:\",\n \"Decide how often you will write out your meal plan. Weekly? Fortnightly? I have a friend who plans her family meals 10 weeks at a time. Just establish what works best for you.\",\n \"How will you write the plan itself? I use the age-old method of pen and paper, but there are multiple apps, beautiful printables and online programs you can use to get you sorted.\",\n \"I simply take a piece of paper, write out the menu for the coming fortnight on the bottom half and the grocery list on the top half. It’s easiest to do it all at once, to ensure no ingredients are missed.\",\n \"From my own experience, and what people have told me, I think there are two reasons [why making your bed every day is such a key to happiness]:\",\n \"First, making your bed is a step that’s quick and easy, yet makes a big difference. Everything looks neater. It’s easier to find your shoes. Your bedroom is a more peaceful environment. For most people, outer order contributes to inner calm.\",\n \"Second, sticking to any resolution – no matter what it is – brings satisfaction. You’ve decided to make some change, and you’ve stuck to it. Because making my bed is one of the first things I do in the morning, I start the day feeling efficient, productive, and disciplined.\",\n \"An exit drawer is a place for you to keep everything that needs to leave your house when you do. It’s a place to store left-behind items, letters that need posting, clothes that need repair and bills that need paying.\",\n \"Starting (and using) your exit drawer is one sure-fire way to reduce clutter. You will clear your home of things that don’t belong there, and you will clear your head of “things I need to remember when I leave”.\",\n \"Nothing hi-tech, just a space that you have set aside as your exit drawer. Ideally, it wouldn’t be used as anything else. Just your exit drawer.\",\n \"It could literally be a drawer in your hallway. It could be a basket inside your coat closet. It could be a calico bag hung up on your hat stand.\",\n \"Then – this is the really easy part – put things in it that don’t belong to you. Those jackets, socks, toys, plates etc. Put them right in your drawer.\",\n \"Add to that anything you need to remember for an upcoming errand or take to an upcoming appointment. Your referral, that bill you need to pay or the letters that need posting.\",\n \"Then – and this is the tricky part – remember to look in that drawer every time you leave the house. Every time.\",\n \"Have a box – yes, a plain old box – where you can put the items you’ve decluttered, ready for donation.\",\n \"When the box is full, take it to your local charity collection depot, op shop, thrift store or homeless shelter.\",\n \"Why do you want to live simpler life? What do you crave about it? Why are you passionate about creating a slower home? A simpler life?\",\n \"Write down your goals. What do you want from this change? Where do you feel the greatest need to slow down and simplify? What do you stand to gain?\",\n \"Check your answers. You need to be in this for the right reasons. You need to understand that you come to simple living from a unique place. Your journey won’t look like anyone else’s. And that’s fine. Great, even. Perfect.\",\n \"If your financial situation is less than ideal, then talking about it or even thinking about it is likely to cause stress. You may break into a sweat, you may argue with your husband, you may feel sick or guilty or both.\",\n \"But here’s the kicker – to make it any better, to escape the financial maze, to free yourself from the constant stress and worry – you need to face facts. And often that means having a difficult conversation.\",\n \"If you do this, if you are brave enough, I can guarantee you will feel a weight off your shoulders. You won’t find an extra $10,000 hiding somewhere, but you will know where you are. Then – and only then – can you start to move forward, towards the simpler life you want.\",\n \"Once you understand how much money comes in, what your expenses really are and what financial goals you have, you can create a budgeting system that works for you.\",\n \"Which in turn means you can rest easier, knowing there is enough money for bills, groceries, unexpected extras. As well as paying down debt or saving for a house deposit/holiday/car.\",\n \"I’ve written a three-part series on how to manage your household budget. You can check out the three parts here and get your finances in order today:\",\n \"Make a goal of decluttering 100 items this month. Or to remove 5 things from each room today. Or to cull 2012 items in a year.\",\n \"If you share your aspirations for a simpler life with others, as well as the efforts you go to – the benefits are two-fold:\",\n \"You will inspire others to action and possibly introduce them to a simpler way of living. Which is all kinds of awesome.\",\n \"1. Clear your bed of any clutter or mess – this will be your workspace 2. Set up two plastic bags/boxes – one is for donation and one is for things to throw away 3. Starting with just one section of the wardrobe (hanging clothes, or shoes, or folded clothes etc) take everything out. Lay them all on your bed, and do not move on until you’ve completely dealt with this current section. 4. Pick up each piece of clothing and ask yourself:\",\n \"Is it in good condition? If not, do I love it enough to have it repaired? No? Let it go.\",\n \"Do I feel good wearing this? This is a big one – it doesn’t matter how beautiful it is, unless you feel good wearing it, it will languish in the back of your wardrobe, taunting you. Let it go.\",\n \"Does it fit me well? Again, it doesn’t matter how gorgeous it is or how much it cost, if it doesn’t fit well, then you won’t wear it. Let it go.\",\n \"Is there a good reason to keep it? If it is in incredibly good condition, is very well made, and is a classic style (think black blazer, little black dress, black pumps) then you may want to keep it. But unless it is all of those things, then let it go.\",\n \"5. Don’t put the item down until you have decided where it goes. If you decide to keep it, then return it to the correct spot in your wardrobe, otherwise put it in your donate or throw away bag. 6. If you’re really torn, you can add things to a holding box and if there’s nothing you need/want in it over the following 6 months, you can safely donate everything in there, without opening it. 7. Move on to the next section and repeat the steps above. This is where you can choose how long you spend on this task. If you’re short on time, then you should just tackle one of these sections per day. But if you can find the time, you really should keep going. You will thank me when you’re done! 8. Once the entire wardrobe has been decluttered, it’s time to organise what remains. Keep similar items together.\",\n \"It’s a trendy buzzword, I know. But meditation has huge benefits for everyone – including those of us searching for a simpler life.\",\n \"If you’ve never meditated before, or if you’re looking for a quick, easy exercise you can do daily, then read on. What follows is more a mindfulness exercise, but one that is incredibly effective:\",\n \"Touch: I can feel the carpet beneath my feet. The seat under my butt. My shirt on my shoulders. My fingers are cold.\",\n \"Sound: I can hear both of my littles stirring in bed, the rain outside and the tap of my keyboard.\",\n \"Sight: I can see my computer monitor, a glass of water, a cup of pencils, the shadow from the blinds on the windowsill.\",\n \"Immersing yourself in your immediate surroundings, actively thinking about each of those things, means you’re taken out of your own head for a moment. That pressing issue, that rising anxiety, that thing that’s stressing you out – it’s gone. At least for those moments.\",\n \"It’s a simple thing to do, you can do it anywhere, and over time, it will teach you to be more present and pay attention to what is currently happening, rather than getting caught up in the complexities of what-ifs, whens and whys.\",\n \"Before you can make sweeping and lasting changes to your life, you need to understand where it is you’re coming from.\",\n \"If you don’t start out from a place of acceptance, then all the work you put in to creating a simpler, slower life will be overshadowed by feelings of inadequacy, guilt and comparison.\",\n \"Until you accept the place you’re currently in, it will prove almost impossible to make meaningful changes to your life. You will be too busy feeling inadequate!\",\n \"I don’t mean you should stop improving yourself, or stop learning, or stop attaining new skills. But don’t try to squish your square shape into that round hole any more. Some things will simply prove harder for you than for others. Accept it and move on.\",\n \"So stop trying to reach the finish line in the shortest time possible. The finish line keeps moving and this is not a race.\",\n \"Reading blogs on your smartphone is not doing nothing. Just as browsing Pinterest is not fueling your dreams. So take one minute, turn off your laptop, leave your phone inside and relish in unplugging.\",\n \"The key to making many of the actions above work for you is to do them consistently. Like with any major life changes, many of them need to become habit before you reap the biggest benefit, but starting with the actions above will get you well on your way to a simpler, slower life.\",\n \"And as I said at the beginning, you don’t have to do everything on this list, just pick the ones that will work best for you right now.\",\n \"Great post, succinct and exactly what I needed to read right now. I feel I am in a turning point in my life and need to take action!\",\n \"[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter holding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They begin each day focusing on its potential. And they reorient [...]\",\n \"love the White Space suggestion! Spent most of the day yesterday doing my wardrobe...my trunk is full of donations for charity! feels so good :)\",\n \"Slowly incorporating these actions into my overwhelming life, still not receiving the bootcamp e-mails regularly though, so it’s great receiving these posts for more inspiration\",\n \"[...] slow your home This entry was posted in home, intention, simply and tagged living simpler by leah. Bookmark the [...]\",\n \"[...] Here are 21 simple actions you can take to improve your life. Sometimes these lists are a bit obvious, but this is actually a really nifty list, and I recommend reading it and actioning some (or all!) the tips. [...]\",\n \"Hi Ya, Started reading this tonight and it was like something came over me and I went on this frenzy of decluttering my kitchen and I am now looking round after 2 hours and I am so pleased, even if it is almost 11 pm !!! Thanks for being so inspiring and I love getting your regular updates.\",\n \"I personally was basically looking for recommendations for my very own web site and observed your posting, 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life | Slow Your Home\",\n \"[...] my blog reading I came across this very inspirational post on Slow Your Home. I don’t know if this is a sign that I am now [...]\",\n \"I’m a total fan of the laundry basket trick! I’ve been doing this for years and it is the best method for me hands down! It’s nice to see someone else lugging around their full laundry basket, too! LOL\",\n \"I’ll add my recent personal favourite: spend time researching and checking out suppliers for weekly or regular things. Have one (realistically two) places only where you shop for any important things – food, your clothes, kids clothes, household. Choose the supermarket or supplier you can rely on to pre- select items of a quality/style/price/ethos you favour. Then you can cut down your shopping around (as I used to do) AND support good retailing!\",\n \"[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving de-cluttering method I learned from Brooke of Slow Your [...]\",\n \"Normally I don’t read article on blogs, however I would like to say that this write-up very compelled me to take a look at and do it! Your writing style has been amazed me. Thanks, quite great article.\",\n \"[...] When it comes to de-cluttering your life and your wardrobe, most people have the same advice. There are tons of great tutorials online and many inspiring stories. I know, because right after I decided to whittle my wardrobe down to 100 items, I procrastinated for about a week and nothing but read other people’s blogs instead of unpacking. The Nif En L’Air is a gorgeous blog and the writer takes an analytical approach to her own successes and failures at honing her wardrobe. And there’s more inspiration here and here. [...]\",\n \"Thank you, very helpful. My parents had a two small closets. Mom had five nice coats, five handbags and 2 evening clutches! I had to ask myself how come I have 25 coats and 42 purses? Three closet filled to the brim I emptied two closets and took the stuff to a consignment, a buy, sell trade place they took most of it and just wrote me a check I gave the rest to a women’s work program. Problems solved. We consigned our much of our furniture and got rid of tons of stuff it feels so good to have an empty house, where energy can move freely.\",\n \"[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter holding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They begin each day focusing on its potential. And they [...]\",\n \"Great list, ready to simplify my life! Yesterday I walked in both kids rooms with a small garbage can with the goal of throwing at least 10 things away, in just a few minutes. I threw so much more away, it felt wonderful!\",\n \"[...] The Quick Clutter bust. Still my favorite chore-cum-excercise, because speed is of the essence here. I put on some upbeat, [...]\",\n \"I think I have a lot to do but if I do them slowly I think I can .... I suffer with bipolar and I love the time. U say to take out and ” smell the roses” thak you\",\n \"This is a great list. I have found focusing on gratitude over the last few years has really changed my perspective as a special needs mom who has faced various personal challenges. I am going to share this over at http://facebook.com/wellplannedgal. Thank you!\",\n \"This article would’ve been good. Why isn’t it? The author seems to think everyone reading this is someone’s mother. I’m 18 years old, and would like to say that good and effective writing comes from making the work universally applicable and impactful to the reader. By assuming the reader is a female, and secondly, someone’s mom or grand mom, the effectiveness and merit has been greatly reduced.\",\n \"I strongly believe that men and other humans who have not produced other humans, ‘nor wish to ever, can also take 21 quick actions to simplify their life.\",\n \"That’s the thing about perspective though, isn’t it? I can’t write from the perspective of an 18-year-old’s needs anymore, as I am not 18. If I wrote this article with actions applicable to everyone, then they would be so broad and so vague as to be useless. So instead, I write from my perspective for people who either share a similar worldview or who are willing to set aside our differences and glean from my writing what they will. It’s OK if none of these actions apply to you, but they do apply to a lot of people. :)\",\n \"Thank You,Brooke-this is my new go-to page for a reminder of how I’m travelling as far as simplifying my home. There is much to be done but all do- able-I appreciate the way you’ve simplified the approach to each task. Very encouraging piece, I’m inspired to finish what I’ve started. Thanks again!\",\n \"I like this post, and your blog. What I like about your blog is that it englobes all aspects of life. All the other blogs I’ve been Reading focus too much on organizing, cleaning and budgeting. Well, yours include that, but it’s not the main goal. I like that, as THAT is what I need.\",\n \"Living a simple life doesn’t mean you don’t have to take action for yourself. And this 21 quick actions you can do to simplify your life is really great help. Thanks to this!\",\n \"I found your website through the Northwest Earth Institute’s blog. I LOVE it! I have bookmarked you as a favorite to read regularly. Thank you for speaking on voluntary simplicity. I am currently putting together a voluntary simplicity discussion group in my local community. In kindness, Melinda Engel, melindaengel.com\",\n \"[...] you’re still not sure where to start, let us suggest 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life from the blog Slow Your Home. Some of the tips are about decluttering your home, others are about [...]\",\n \"Howdy! I simply want to offer you a big thumbhs up forr the excelklent ibfo yoou have got here on thi post. I am cominng back to your site ffor more soon.\",\n \"Great list! Have already begun decluttering my home and starting to see a difference. Will be putting my home up for sale soon and really need it to look its best. I find i have no difficulty tossing out stuff that belongs to me, but, find it hard to motivate my family to pare down their belongings. Will keep trying! Thanks for all the great advice! Eileen\",\n \"I just wanted to say how much I enjoy your blog. I discovered you at the beginning of the year through (I think) ‘A simple kinda life’? I keep coming back as your writing and experiences resonate with me. Great ideas; somewhat challenging to put them all into practise living with my teenage, technology crazed, ‘floordrobe’ roomed twin boys but I keep trying. Thank you for the continuing inspiration.\",\n \"This list is absolutely brilliant! Thank you, thank you, thank you for compiling so many useful, great ideas in one place. I love how you timed certain things. We tend to assume a task is more grueling and time consuming that it actually is and that’s why we procrastinate. When you think about how it only takes 6 seconds to put that blender up, it’s not so hard to make time to just go ahead and do it, NOW.\",\n \"[...] year Brooke from Slow Your Home super simplified her home. Like not just a little, she did a LOT. She shares 21 tips you can use to simplify quickly. I also saw a friend on Instagram simplify by minimalising over a month, she did one thing on the [...]\",\n \"[...] 8. Slow Your Home I really enjoy reading Brooke’s articles and she walks through how to live simply and purposefully. Her current series, the A-Z of Simple Living is wonderful and you should also read 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life. [...]\",\n \"I adore your site. Must tell ya that the plants you listed with the exception of bamboo are all highly toxic for cats, especially the Peace Lily. Could be fatal or very harmful if ingested. Please note this in your plant action section (#4). You can get a list of cat friendly plants if you scope out more than one site on the subject because there are some schools that say spider plants are ok but they are not. Mildly toxic, but still, not great. Thanks! And keep up the great work, I love your voice. You are one of the few who motivate me to be able to manage this mess. Thank you.\",\n \"PS: Bamboo is ok, so are orchids, which I love, jade trees and Christmas cactus (but not most other succulents), to name a few that are kitty safe.\",\n \"[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because meditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\",\n \"I love this list! My husband and I are taking a journey into being minimalists and I’ve got to say, it’s so much more fulfilling the plugging along in the ratrace :) We live in a tiny home and blog about our life and learning too! Thank you for the ideas!\",\n \"[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\",\n \"Have you ever forgotten someone’s special occasion or have been forced to shop for a gift the day before your friend’s birthday? Gift Handler is an online service that emails you three great personalized ideas for a present in time to mark the event. Spend a few minutes describing each person on your list and your price range so you won’t have to worry about gift shopping for the rest of the year.\",\n \"[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because meditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\",\n \"[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\",\n \"This is great! As I read through the list I was “Yes. YES. YES!” Wish I’d written the list, but I just might write a blog post about your list and provide a link. Less is more. Thank you.\",\n \"[...] Some healthy decluttering is a good thing and methods are plentiful – as in these links here, here and here for example. And just to be clear, not all procrastination is bad and can be good [...]\",\n \"楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ブランドコピー,商品の 代引き販売.2015春夏新作 BOTTEGA VENETA?ボッテガヴェネタコピー?財布 新品 ヴィンテージ ラムスキン 編み込み L字ファスナー 長財布こちらは業界一人気のボッテガ?ヴェネタスーパーコピー専門ショップです!5年間以上 のボッテガ?ヴェネタコピー品販売実績を持っている信用できるスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ専門店!当店はボッテガヴェネタ 財布 コピー を激安で通販しているネット専門店です。ボッテガ ラウンドファスナー財布コピーやボッテガヴェネタ二つ折財布コピーなどを取り揃えてい ます。全商品はプロの目にも分からないボッテガ財布スーパーコピーN品です。 楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ボッテガヴェネタ新作のスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ商品満載。ブランドコピーボッテガヴェネタ商品は人気商品です。是非ご覧 ください。 ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク ミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ ピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ、エルメス、パネライ、パテックフィリップ偽物(コピー商品)のブランドの腕時計の販売、通販。 http://www.ooowatch.com/kabann/vuitton/index.html\",\n \"[...] were worn because I noticed something really beautiful today. Before simplifying my life and slowing down, a normal day with my sister would have consisted of shopping. Buying things that I told myself I [...]\",\n \"Thank you for this wise action list. Just reading your thoughts feels calming. Have been on rewarding simplified journey with the love of my life hubby almost three years now that began with removing years of storage and large basement furniture (3 livestock trailer loads to charity/auction destinations, regular car loads of household goods/clothing to donation sites), purging personal items, and becoming debt free. While reading your words, I found myself nodding at the similarities we’ve also experienced that brought peace to our home . . . in the midst of busy lives. My journey began with gratitude, a desire for order, and simpler rhythm to our lives like our beginning in our small log cabin home we built in Alaska. In much appreciation, Debbie\",\n \"What a brilliant post! Such practical ideas. A lot of them, I do – I am always rearranging my living room! But many ideas I don’t. Small things make such a difference like making the bed every day!! Do you mind if I share a link to your post on my blog and Facebook? You are very good at this. Please keep sharing your ideas.\",\n \"Well I thought I was stressed out because of too much going on and too many things to worry about. This article shows me that I am actually quite anal about being organised because I do all of the above things that the article recommends. My simplifying must be about having too many unfinished worries... and responsibilities. Do you fancy doing an article on this?\",\n \"I love your idea of setting out items for breakfast. I already set out my clothes and my daughters. Thanks for the great ideas. :)\",\n \"I enjoyed your work... Doing some of it and am thankful- I am on my way. took years to get cluttered so I know it takes time to unclutter. coming from hoarding parents- I’m determined to change!\",\n \"Excellent blog. You cover everything including things I have not even considered. A very holistic approach to simple, mindful living and decluttering is just the icing. Thank you for your ideas.\",\n \"Excellent article – very well written. I have already been decluttering since last year, and the satisfaction I felt, is unimaginable. Clearing the house from clutter, is clearing the mind, and this unbelievable sense of freedom. I am still going on. One should re-read your article every now and then, to ensure that one does not get out of this line. Many many thanks to you XXX\",\n \"I thought that I’d done an exhaustive search, but discovered some new resources from your list. Thanks! I am also on a vegan journey and feel strongly that veganism and minimalism make a logical pair.\",\n \"I keep searching for inspiration to simplify my life. Most sites have the same things on them. You number 19 and 20 are something I’ve never run across before; and they are two things I believe will help me on my journey.\",\n \"[...] leer un artículo muy bueno sobre estas pequeñas acciones y más, los invito a visitar este post de Slow Your [...]\",\n \"[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\",\n \"We really loved your post – it’s the most definitive on the subject of minimalism we have found especially finding your own morning routine and adding some life with indoor plants. We are a team of life coaches who constantly speak to our clients about this so will no doubt be referring our clients to your amazing resource!!\",\n \"I'm Brooke and I'm a firm advocate for the best things in life - naps, travel, a good book and spending as much time in nature as possible. I'm the host and creator of The Slow Home Podcast and the author of SLOW and Destination Simple, and I live in the Southern Highlands of NSW with my family and an ever-expanding veggie garden. Nice to meet you. x\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Slow Your Home\\n\\n# 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life\\n\\nPosted on September 10, 2012 by Brooke McAlary • 92 Comments\\n\\nYou want to live a simpler life, I know. That’s why you’re here, right? To\\ncreate a life of simplicity, contentment and optimism.\\n\\nBut can I tell you something? Your life will not change, you will not be able\\nto create that life you want unless you take action.\\n\\nTake action. And take it today.\\n\\nI want to make it easier for you to take action and move ahead on your journey\\nto a simpler life. So all you have to do is set aside some time – anywhere\\nbetween 10 minutes and an hour to tackle one of the 21 simple actions below.\\n\\nJust one is enough.\\n\\nMore is better, but one is enough to start living a simpler life today.\\n\\nYou just have to take action.\\n\\n## Action #1: Perform a Clutter Bust (10-45 minutes)\\n\\nThis is hands-down the best way to tidy and declutter a space in a short\\nperiod of time. You can apply it to just one room at a time (strongly\\nrecommended), or if you’re feeling ambitious or particularly over-run with\\nclutter – tackle all the main areas of the home.\\n\\nWhatever you choose – speed is the key here.\\n\\nHow to clutter-bust your home:\\n\\n 1. Grab an empty laundry basket.\\n 2. Choose a room to begin.\\n 3. Moving quickly – pick up each and every item in that room that does not belong, or is out of place. Place them in the laundry basket.\\n 4. Every single thing.\\n 5. Once full, empty the contents of the laundry basket on the dining table or a clear space on the floor.\\n 6. Sort items into piles – according to where they belong, as well as a pile for rubbish/donations/items that do not belong to you.\\n 7. Working through one pile at a time, take every item back to its rightful place.\\n 8. Complete for each pile and whenever you feel the clutter begin to take over your home.\\n\\n## Action # 2: Practice Gratitude\\n\\nRecent studies have shown that those of us who are regularly grateful for the\\ngood in our lives are likely to be more physically active, feel more content\\nin our day-to-day lives and suffer less health problems.\\n\\nSound good?\\n\\nHow to Practice Gratitude and Reap the Benefits:\\n\\nOnce a week, spend ten minutes writing down 5-10 people/acts/events/things you\\nare grateful for. Just one sentence per entry is enough.\\n\\nThat’s it. Just ten minutes a week will have truly positive impact on your\\nhappiness and well being.\\n\\nIs That All? Ten Minutes a Week? What if I Do More? Will I Be Happier?\\n\\nThe Gratitude studies have shown that over-doing the gratitude journalling may\\nhave the opposite effect. Over time we become immune to the feeling of well-\\nbeing gained through gratitude and lose the positive benefit.\\n\\nAlthough I personally tend to think it would take a lot to over-do this. I can\\nsee no harm in thinking on the positives each morning or as you go to bed at\\nnight.\\n\\n## Action # 3: Rearrange Your Living Room (1-2 hours)\\n\\nI’m not entirely sure when “living room” came to mean “room where we watch\\ntelevision”, but that seems to be the purpose of most living rooms in most\\nhomes.\\n\\nBut really, you want the living room to function in a number of ways, not only\\nas a space to watch television.\\n\\nIn fact, you really should take the emphasis of the room away from mindless\\ntelevision viewing and instead encourage lingering conversations, nights spent\\nreading books and listening to music.\\n\\nHow to Reclaim Your Living Room for Living:\\n\\n 1. Look at the furniture you own and decide if it all needs to stay. Are you able to wall mount your TV? Get rid of the entertainment unit?\\n 2. Try moving the television to a side wall, rather than the main, focal wall.\\n 3. Arrange your lounges or armchairs to face each other, rather than the television. This helps to encourage conversation.\\n 4. Bring a selection of your book and music collections out to encourage you to read or listen rather than automatically reaching for the remote at the end of the day.\\n\\n## Action # 4: Add Some Life With Indoor Plants (1 hour – including purchase)\\n\\nIndoor plants help detoxify the air inside our homes, by filtering the\\nairborne toxins and fumes through the soil. They also help provide a point of\\ncalm and have been shown to improve productivity.\\n\\nSome plants that are particularly good for the air inside your home:\\n\\n * Dracaena (There are over 50 varieties of dracaena and all have excellent air-cleaning properties)\\n * Peace/Madonna lilies (Spathyphyllum)\\n * Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)\\n * Weeping Fig/Ficus (Ficus benjamina)\\n * Bamboo/Reed Palm (Chamaedorea sefritzii)\\n\\nGetting the most from your indoor plants:\\n\\nLeave your new plants in their plastic pots and simply place in a decorative\\npot. This means you’re able to change out your plants and pots without having\\nto re-pot every time.\\n\\nSpend some time being kind to your new plants, watering and feeding them well\\nfor the first few months. Slowly ease back on the TLC, allowing the plant to\\n“harden off” and acclimatise to its new environment.\\n\\nClean the leaves of your plants regularly by simply wiping over the leaves\\nwith a clean, damp cloth.\\n\\nApply a slow release fertiliser every six months – in spring and autumn.\\n\\nPay attention to the changing watering needs. In summer the plants will need\\nwatering 2-3 times a week, while in winter this will drop back to once every\\n2-3 weeks.\\n\\n## Action # 5: Keep Your Dining Table Surface Clear (5 minutes)\\n\\nClutter attracts clutter, so a dining table with knick knacks, or papers or\\ncraft items permanently scattered across it will be far more likely to end up\\na catch-all for incoming mail, handbags, etc. AKA A Clutter Magnet.\\n\\nIf you desperately need something to decorate the space try one (and only\\none!) of the following:\\n\\n * a simple bowl of fruit\\n * a houseplant – an orchid, for example\\n * a beautiful vase with or without flowers\\n * a simple candle\\n * a table runner\\n * a pendant light suspended above the table\\n * a colourful bowl\\n\\n## Action # 6: Use the “Good” Tableware and Glasses. (Daily)\\n\\nEven on random Tuesday nights.\\n\\nWhat good do these items do, what joy do they bring if you keep them locked\\naway in a cabinet to be used for special occasions only?\\n\\nWhat’s more special than making memories with your family or friends – each\\nand every night?\\n\\nThe Benefit of Using the Good Tableware:\\n\\n * no guilt at having them hidden away\\n * less storage required as you use the good tableware daily and therefore won’t need a “daily set” of crockery\\n * making use of something beautiful and special daily\\n * practice mindfulness and gratitude by focusing on the gift that someone has given you\\n\\n## Action # 7: Create White Space\\n\\nWhite space allows us to highlight items of beauty and meaning. Items that are\\nspecial to us. Items that we are choosing to surround ourselves with.\\n\\nWhite space is so incredibly important in creating a slow home and a simple\\nlife.\\n\\nCreate white space in your home:\\n\\n 1. Choose one surface – one wall, one shelf, the mantle, your bedside table.\\n 2. Remove everything from that one space.\\n 3. Re-distribute, donate or toss those items.\\n 4. Wipe the surface clean and leave it completely empty.\\n 5. Live with that empty space for a week, then put one thing and one thing only back in that space. Make it something beautiful or meaningful.\\n 6. Appreciate it.\\n\\n## Action # 8: Prepare Yourself for the Morning. (10 minutes)\\n\\nPreparation is half the battle in getting organised, so make your mornings\\neasier – regardless of what they entail – by preparing yourself the night\\nbefore:\\n\\n * Take one minute to clear the sink and wipe down the benchtops – it’s remarkable the difference it makes to your morning to walk into a clean kitchen.\\n * Pull out your clothes and the clothes for your kids. If they’re old enough to dress themselves, then this is one less task for you in the morning.\\n * Set the table for breakfast. An action as simple as putting bowls, plates, cutlery and coffee cups out means people can serve themselves as they get ready. Even young kids are able to pour cereal and milk.\\n * Pack your bags. Prepare your work bag, the kids school bags or the nappy bag with everything (except lunches) that need to leave the house.\\n\\n## Action # 9: Find Storage for Your Kitchen Appliances (15 minutes)\\n\\nKeep your kitchen as clutter-free as possible by keeping the benchtops clear\\nof appliances.\\n\\nFind a place in your cupboards for the kettle, toaster, blender and any other\\nappliances that currently reside on the benchtop. It takes approximately 6\\nseconds to put these back after use and your kitchen will be so much easier on\\nthe eye and far less likely to become cluttered.\\n\\n## Action # 10: Create Secondary Storage for Pantry Items.\\n\\nThis one change will keep your pantry tidy and uncluttered – meaning you’re\\nfar less likely to waste food and far more likely to keep the pantry\\norganised.\\n\\nAll you need is one or two shelves elsewhere in your house. Consider using a\\ncupboard in the laundry or a shelf in the linen closet – providing it’s easy\\nto access and out of view, anywhere will work.\\n\\nUse this space to store extra flour, breakfast cereals, sugar, pasta, pasta\\nsauce, tinned tomatoes and beans, rice, quinoa, long-life milk, stocks etc.\\n\\nThe benefits of having secondary storage:\\n\\n * It keeps the main pantry uncluttered\\n * You always have something on hand for a simple, easy meal if caught out at the last minute\\n * Fortnightly or monthly meal planning is made much easier by having the space set aside to store bulkier pantry staples\\n\\n## Action # 11: Meal Plan!\\n\\nMeal planning is one of the best things you can do to encourage a simpler way\\nof living. It means:\\n\\n * No more last-minute trips to the grocery shop at 4:45pm, looking for inspiration for dinner.\\n * You’re more aware of your spending habits, as you’re only buying once a week or even less.\\n * You’re likely to eat a greater variety of foods because you’ve taken the time to plan ahead.\\n\\nTo tackle meal planning:\\n\\n 1. Decide how often you will write out your meal plan. Weekly? Fortnightly? I have a friend who plans her family meals 10 weeks at a time. Just establish what works best for you.\\n 2. How will you write the plan itself? I use the age-old method of pen and paper, but there are multiple apps, beautiful printables and online programs you can use to get you sorted.\\n\\nI simply take a piece of paper, write out the menu for the coming fortnight on\\nthe bottom half and the grocery list on the top half. It’s easiest to do it\\nall at once, to ensure no ingredients are missed.\\n\\n## Action # 12: Make Your Bed Each and Every Day (5 minutes)\\n\\nNo-one says it better than Gretchen Rubin, the mastermind behind The Happiness\\nProject:\\n\\n> From my own experience, and what people have told me, I think there are two\\n> reasons [why making your bed every day is such a key to happiness]:\\n>\\n> First, making your bed is a step that’s quick and easy, yet makes a big\\n> difference. Everything looks neater. It’s easier to find your shoes. Your\\n> bedroom is a more peaceful environment. For most people, outer order\\n> contributes to inner calm.\\n>\\n> Second, sticking to any resolution – no matter what it is – brings\\n> satisfaction. You’ve decided to make some change, and you’ve stuck to it.\\n> Because making my bed is one of the first things I do in the morning, I\\n> start the day feeling efficient, productive, and disciplined.\\n\\n## Action #13: Start an Exit Drawer (1 hour)\\n\\nAn exit drawer is a place for you to keep everything that needs to leave your\\nhouse when you do. It’s a place to store left-behind items, letters that need\\nposting, clothes that need repair and bills that need paying.\\n\\nStarting (and using) your exit drawer is one sure-fire way to reduce clutter.\\nYou will clear your home of things that don’t belong there, and you will clear\\nyour head of “things I need to remember when I leave”.\\n\\nWhat do I Need?\\n\\nNothing hi-tech, just a space that you have set aside as your exit drawer.\\nIdeally, it wouldn’t be used as anything else. Just your exit drawer.\\n\\nIt could literally be a drawer in your hallway. It could be a basket inside\\nyour coat closet. It could be a calico bag hung up on your hat stand.\\n\\nWhatever/wherever it is, just commit to using it.\\n\\nWhat Do I Do?\\n\\nThen – this is the really easy part – put things in it that don’t belong to\\nyou. Those jackets, socks, toys, plates etc. Put them right in your drawer.\\n\\nAdd to that anything you need to remember for an upcoming errand or take to an\\nupcoming appointment. Your referral, that bill you need to pay or the letters\\nthat need posting.\\n\\nThen – and this is the tricky part – remember to look in that drawer every\\ntime you leave the house. Every time.\\n\\nAnd every time you have visitors. Every time.\\n\\n## Action #14: Start a Donate Box (5 minutes)\\n\\nMake decluttering easy – give yourself somewhere to keep the items you’re\\ngiving away.\\n\\nHave a box – yes, a plain old box – where you can put the items you’ve\\ndecluttered, ready for donation.\\n\\nWhen the box is full, take it to your local charity collection depot, op shop,\\nthrift store or homeless shelter.\\n\\n## Action #15: Check Your Mindset\\n\\nWhy do you want to live simpler life? What do you crave about it? Why are you\\npassionate about creating a slower home? A simpler life?\\n\\nYou need to know the answers before you can make headway.\\n\\nCheck your mindset:\\n\\n 1. Write down your goals. What do you want from this change? Where do you feel the greatest need to slow down and simplify? What do you stand to gain?\\n 2. Write down your strengths. What are you already good at? Gardening? Organising? Planning? Cooking healthy, cheap meals?\\n 3. Write down your weaknesses. What challenges will you face? What circumstances will make change harder for you?\\n 4. Check your answers. You need to be in this for the right reasons. You need to understand that you come to simple living from a unique place. Your journey won’t look like anyone else’s. And that’s fine. Great, even. Perfect.\\n 5. Get to it. Committing goals to paper helps you achieve them.\\n\\n## Action #16: Get Your Finances in Order (1-2 hours)\\n\\nIf your financial situation is less than ideal, then talking about it or even\\nthinking about it is likely to cause stress. You may break into a sweat, you\\nmay argue with your husband, you may feel sick or guilty or both.\\n\\nBut here’s the kicker – to make it any better, to escape the financial maze,\\nto free yourself from the constant stress and worry – you need to face facts.\\nAnd often that means having a difficult conversation.\\n\\nIf you do this, if you are brave enough, I can guarantee you will feel a\\nweight off your shoulders. You won’t find an extra $10,000 hiding somewhere,\\nbut you will know where you are. Then – and only then – can you start to move\\nforward, towards the simpler life you want.\\n\\nWhy is it so Important?\\n\\nOnce you understand how much money comes in, what your expenses really are and\\nwhat financial goals you have, you can create a budgeting system that works\\nfor you.\\n\\nWhich in turn means you can rest easier, knowing there is enough money for\\nbills, groceries, unexpected extras. As well as paying down debt or saving for\\na house deposit/holiday/car.\\n\\nOK. How Do I Start?\\n\\nI’ve written a three-part series on how to manage your household budget. You\\ncan check out the three parts here and get your finances in order today:\\n\\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 1\\n\\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 2\\n\\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 3\\n\\n## Action # 17: Be Accountable by Recording Your Simplifying Efforts.\\n\\nMake a goal of decluttering 100 items this month. Or to remove 5 things from\\neach room today. Or to cull 2012 items in a year.\\n\\nThen tell people about it.\\n\\nBlog about it.\\n\\nBrag about it when you reach your goal.\\n\\nIf you share your aspirations for a simpler life with others, as well as the\\nefforts you go to – the benefits are two-fold:\\n\\n 1. You are far more likely to achieve your goals when being held accountable.\\n 2. You will inspire others to action and possibly introduce them to a simpler way of living. Which is all kinds of awesome.\\n\\n## Action #18: Declutter Your Wardrobe (1-2 hours)\\n\\nDo you have too many clothes, yet often, nothing to wear?\\n\\nThen you need to pay special attention to this task.\\n\\n1\\\\. Clear your bed of any clutter or mess – this will be your workspace 2. Set\\nup two plastic bags/boxes – one is for donation and one is for things to throw\\naway 3. Starting with just one section of the wardrobe (hanging clothes, or\\nshoes, or folded clothes etc) take everything out. Lay them all on your bed,\\nand do not move on until you’ve completely dealt with this current section. 4.\\nPick up each piece of clothing and ask yourself:\\n\\n * Have I worn this in the last year? No? Let it go.\\n * Is it in good condition? If not, do I love it enough to have it repaired? No? Let it go.\\n * Do I feel good wearing this? This is a big one – it doesn’t matter how beautiful it is, unless you feel good wearing it, it will languish in the back of your wardrobe, taunting you. Let it go.\\n * Does it fit me well? Again, it doesn’t matter how gorgeous it is or how much it cost, if it doesn’t fit well, then you won’t wear it. Let it go.\\n * Is there a good reason to keep it? If it is in incredibly good condition, is very well made, and is a classic style (think black blazer, little black dress, black pumps) then you may want to keep it. But unless it is all of those things, then let it go.\\n\\n5\\\\. Don’t put the item down until you have decided where it goes. If you\\ndecide to keep it, then return it to the correct spot in your wardrobe,\\notherwise put it in your donate or throw away bag. 6. If you’re really torn,\\nyou can add things to a holding box and if there’s nothing you need/want in it\\nover the following 6 months, you can safely donate everything in there,\\nwithout opening it. 7. Move on to the next section and repeat the steps above.\\nThis is where you can choose how long you spend on this task. If you’re short\\non time, then you should just tackle one of these sections per day. But if you\\ncan find the time, you really should keep going. You will thank me when you’re\\ndone! 8. Once the entire wardrobe has been decluttered, it’s time to organise\\nwhat remains. Keep similar items together.\\n\\n## Action #19: Daily Meditation (5 minutes)\\n\\nIt’s a trendy buzzword, I know. But meditation has huge benefits for everyone\\n– including those of us searching for a simpler life.\\n\\nMeditation brings perspective, it brings calm, it brings peace and leaves you\\nfeeling grounded and well-prepared for the day.\\n\\nIf you’ve never meditated before, or if you’re looking for a quick, easy\\nexercise you can do daily, then read on. What follows is more a mindfulness\\nexercise, but one that is incredibly effective:\\n\\nTake a deep breath. Close your eyes. And think of your five senses.\\n\\n 1. Touch: what can you feel at this very moment?\\n 2. Taste: what can you taste right now?\\n 3. Sound: what can you hear?\\n 4. Smell: can you smell anything?\\n 5. Sight: what do you see in front of you?\\n\\nBe specific and really explore your senses. Slowly take stock of each of them\\n– one by one.\\n\\nTouch: I can feel the carpet beneath my feet. The seat under my butt. My shirt\\non my shoulders. My fingers are cold.\\n\\nTaste: I can taste Milk Arrowroot biscuit and chamomile tea.\\n\\nSound: I can hear both of my littles stirring in bed, the rain outside and the\\ntap of my keyboard.\\n\\nSmell: I can smell coffee. Spring time.\\n\\nSight: I can see my computer monitor, a glass of water, a cup of pencils, the\\nshadow from the blinds on the windowsill.\\n\\nImmersing yourself in your immediate surroundings, actively thinking about\\neach of those things, means you’re taken out of your own head for a moment.\\nThat pressing issue, that rising anxiety, that thing that’s stressing you out\\n– it’s gone. At least for those moments.\\n\\nIt’s a simple thing to do, you can do it anywhere, and over time, it will\\nteach you to be more present and pay attention to what is currently happening,\\nrather than getting caught up in the complexities of what-ifs, whens and whys.\\n\\n## Action #20: Start with Acceptance (Undefined!)\\n\\nBefore you can make sweeping and lasting changes to your life, you need to\\nunderstand where it is you’re coming from.\\n\\nYou need to accept your current circumstances, limitations, strengths and\\nweaknesses.\\n\\nIf you don’t start out from a place of acceptance, then all the work you put\\nin to creating a simpler, slower life will be overshadowed by feelings of\\ninadequacy, guilt and comparison.\\n\\n1\\\\. Accept that where you are in life is your starting point.\\n\\nThat may be a family with 3 young kids, a single mum with a teenager, a\\nretired grandmother...\\n\\nUntil you accept the place you’re currently in, it will prove almost\\nimpossible to make meaningful changes to your life. You will be too busy\\nfeeling inadequate!\\n\\n2\\\\. Accept who you are – your strengths and weaknesses.\\n\\nI don’t mean you should stop improving yourself, or stop learning, or stop\\nattaining new skills. But don’t try to squish your square shape into that\\nround hole any more. Some things will simply prove harder for you than for\\nothers. Accept it and move on.\\n\\n3\\\\. Accept your limitations.\\n\\nBe them personal or circumstantial. Some things are just not possible given\\nyour current situation.\\n\\nTake pride in the fact that you are working with what you’ve got and doing\\nwhat you can.\\n\\n4\\\\. Accept that you will be making changes to your life gradually.\\n\\nDeliberately, mindfully, intentionally. They are more likely to stick this\\nway.\\n\\n5\\\\. Accept that there will always be more you can do.\\n\\nAlways.\\n\\nSo stop trying to reach the finish line in the shortest time possible. The\\nfinish line keeps moving and this is not a race.\\n\\n## Action #21: Unplug (1 minute)\\n\\nYou need time to think, time to dream, time to talk and time to do nothing at\\nall.\\n\\nReading blogs on your smartphone is not doing nothing. Just as browsing\\nPinterest is not fueling your dreams. So take one minute, turn off your\\nlaptop, leave your phone inside and relish in unplugging.\\n\\nThere you have it. 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life.\\n\\nThe key to making many of the actions above work for you is to do them\\nconsistently. Like with any major life changes, many of them need to become\\nhabit before you reap the biggest benefit, but starting with the actions above\\nwill get you well on your way to a simpler, slower life.\\n\\nAnd as I said at the beginning, you don’t have to do everything on this list,\\njust pick the ones that will work best for you right now.\\n\\nThe key is to take action. Try something above and let me know how it works\\nfor you.\\n\\nWhat would you add to this list? Let us know in the comments.\\n\\n{Thanks to Corbett Barr for the inspiration for this post’s format. You can\\nsee his post 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Set Your Blog Up for Massive\\nSuccess here and the original post from Adam Baker, 24 Quick Actions You Can\\nDo Today That Can Change Your Financial Life Forever}\\n\\nFiled Under: Stuff, Time\\n\\n← Creativity – The Simple Way\\n\\nHow is Your Other Half? →\\n\\n### 92 Responses to 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life\\n\\n 1. tam says:\\n\\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 12:56 pm\\n\\nthank you for helping ang guiding me to change the way I live xx\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 2. James L. Carey says:\\n\\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 4:25 pm\\n\\nFantastic post. Hear that? That’s the sound of me becoming a big fan of this\\nblog.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 3. Carla says:\\n\\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 6:05 pm\\n\\nGreat post, succinct and exactly what I needed to read right now. I feel I am\\nin a turning point in my life and need to take action!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 4. Our Resources are Finite. And It Matters. says:\\n\\nSeptember 11, 2012 at 4:49 am\\n\\n[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter\\nholding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They\\nbegin each day focusing on its potential. And they reorient [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 5. Sher says:\\n\\nSeptember 17, 2012 at 4:34 am\\n\\nlove the White Space suggestion! Spent most of the day yesterday doing my\\nwardrobe...my trunk is full of donations for charity! feels so good :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 6. Georgee says:\\n\\nOctober 1, 2012 at 8:52 am\\n\\nSlowly incorporating these actions into my overwhelming life, still not\\nreceiving the bootcamp e-mails regularly though, so it’s great receiving these\\nposts for more inspiration\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 7. simple living | sang the bird says:\\n\\nOctober 8, 2012 at 2:28 pm\\n\\n[...] slow your home This entry was posted in home, intention, simply and\\ntagged living simpler by leah. Bookmark the [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 8. Slow Your Home - The Best Of | Slow Your Home says:\\n\\nNovember 15, 2012 at 7:19 am\\n\\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 9. Link tag Tuesday #104 – nature, clients and libraries says:\\n\\nDecember 11, 2012 at 7:26 pm\\n\\n[...] Here are 21 simple actions you can take to improve your life. Sometimes\\nthese lists are a bit obvious, but this is actually a really nifty list, and I\\nrecommend reading it and actioning some (or all!) the tips. [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 10. Is less really more? Energy Shifts and Your Sanity! : Flora Peterson says:\\n\\nDecember 15, 2012 at 9:37 am\\n\\n[...] Great blog post about creating a simple life – Read now [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 11. On Breaks and Holidays | Slow Your Home says:\\n\\nDecember 24, 2012 at 6:01 am\\n\\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 12. Carmen says:\\n\\nJanuary 1, 2013 at 8:27 pm\\n\\nHi Ya, Started reading this tonight and it was like something came over me and\\nI went on this frenzy of decluttering my kitchen and I am now looking round\\nafter 2 hours and I am so pleased, even if it is almost 11 pm !!! Thanks for\\nbeing so inspiring and I love getting your regular updates.\\n\\nFrom a very happy ‘simple’ girl :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 13. http://Plumtreelodge.com/ says:\\n\\nMarch 7, 2013 at 12:42 pm\\n\\nI personally was basically looking for recommendations for my very own web\\nsite and observed your posting, _21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify\\nYour Life | Slow Your Home_, will you mind in the event I actually start using\\na bit of of ur points?\\n\\nMany thanks ,Robbie\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 14. Clutter Wars: The Fearse family gain some ground. | The Fearse Family says:\\n\\nApril 22, 2013 at 8:49 am\\n\\n[...] my blog reading I came across this very inspirational post on Slow Your\\nHome. I don’t know if this is a sign that I am now [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 15. Linda Edwards says:\\n\\nMay 16, 2013 at 12:20 pm\\n\\nGreat Article! I can’t wait to start using some of your tips!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 16. Chelle says:\\n\\nJune 9, 2013 at 11:11 am\\n\\nI’m a total fan of the laundry basket trick! I’ve been doing this for years\\nand it is the best method for me hands down! It’s nice to see someone else\\nlugging around their full laundry basket, too! LOL\\n\\nGreat blog!\\n\\n~Chelle\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 17. Carla says:\\n\\nJune 25, 2013 at 2:16 pm\\n\\nI’ll add my recent personal favourite: spend time researching and checking out\\nsuppliers for weekly or regular things. Have one (realistically two) places\\nonly where you shop for any important things – food, your clothes, kids\\nclothes, household. Choose the supermarket or supplier you can rely on to pre-\\nselect items of a quality/style/price/ethos you favour. Then you can cut down\\nyour shopping around (as I used to do) AND support good retailing!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 18. 3 Lessons Learned from a Quick Clutter Bust - shed mom says:\\n\\nSeptember 1, 2013 at 2:53 pm\\n\\n[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving de-cluttering\\nmethod I learned from Brooke of Slow Your [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 19. Three Lessons Learned from a Quick Clutter Bust | shed, mom says:\\n\\nSeptember 23, 2013 at 4:39 pm\\n\\n[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving concept I learned\\nfrom Brooke of Slow Your [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 20. heating And Air Conditioning san diego says:\\n\\nSeptember 24, 2013 at 4:29 pm\\n\\nNormally I don’t read article on blogs, however I would like to say that this\\nwrite-up very compelled me to take a look at and do it! Your writing style has\\nbeen amazed me. Thanks, quite great article.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 21. The 100 Item Wardrobe Challenge – Part I | says:\\n\\nOctober 2, 2013 at 2:29 am\\n\\n[...] When it comes to de-cluttering your life and your wardrobe, most people\\nhave the same advice. There are tons of great tutorials online and many\\ninspiring stories. I know, because right after I decided to whittle my\\nwardrobe down to 100 items, I procrastinated for about a week and nothing but\\nread other people’s blogs instead of unpacking. The Nif En L’Air is a gorgeous\\nblog and the writer takes an analytical approach to her own successes and\\nfailures at honing her wardrobe. And there’s more inspiration here and here.\\n[...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Sophe says:\\n\\nDecember 21, 2017 at 6:27 pm\\n\\nThank you, very helpful. My parents had a two small closets. Mom had five nice\\ncoats, five handbags and 2 evening clutches! I had to ask myself how come I\\nhave 25 coats and 42 purses? Three closet filled to the brim I emptied two\\nclosets and took the stuff to a consignment, a buy, sell trade place they took\\nmost of it and just wrote me a check I gave the rest to a women’s work\\nprogram. Problems solved. We consigned our much of our furniture and got rid\\nof tons of stuff it feels so good to have an empty house, where energy can\\nmove freely.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 22. Our Resources are Limited. And It Matters. | Becoming Minimalist | DEFY ENNUI says:\\n\\nOctober 9, 2013 at 6:19 pm\\n\\n[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter\\nholding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They\\nbegin each day focusing on its potential. And they [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 23. Alicia says:\\n\\nOctober 10, 2013 at 1:10 am\\n\\nGreat list, ready to simplify my life! Yesterday I walked in both kids rooms\\nwith a small garbage can with the goal of throwing at least 10 things away, in\\njust a few minutes. I threw so much more away, it felt wonderful!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 24. A fellow blogger says:\\n\\nApril 22, 2014 at 4:23 pm\\n\\nJust reading this made me feel more relaxed and inspired. Thank you :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 25. Decluttering Tips for the Naturally Disorganized | Vanessa Salas says:\\n\\nApril 25, 2014 at 11:45 am\\n\\n[...] The Quick Clutter bust. Still my favorite chore-cum-excercise, because\\nspeed is of the essence here. I put on some upbeat, [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 26. Nolleen says:\\n\\nMay 28, 2014 at 12:25 am\\n\\nI think I have a lot to do but if I do them slowly I think I can .... I suffer\\nwith bipolar and I love the time. U say to take out and ” smell the roses”\\nthak you\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 27. Jenny says:\\n\\nJune 7, 2014 at 1:43 am\\n\\nThis is a great list. I have found focusing on gratitude over the last few\\nyears has really changed my perspective as a special needs mom who has faced\\nvarious personal challenges. I am going to share this over at\\nhttp://facebook.com/wellplannedgal. Thank you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 28. How to simplify your life – Life Coach Directory says:\\n\\nJune 12, 2014 at 4:02 pm\\n\\n[...] and comment on the original Slow your Home [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 29. Anonymous says:\\n\\nJune 16, 2014 at 10:58 am\\n\\nThis article would’ve been good. Why isn’t it? The author seems to think\\neveryone reading this is someone’s mother. I’m 18 years old, and would like to\\nsay that good and effective writing comes from making the work universally\\napplicable and impactful to the reader. By assuming the reader is a female,\\nand secondly, someone’s mom or grand mom, the effectiveness and merit has been\\ngreatly reduced.\\n\\nI strongly believe that men and other humans who have not produced other\\nhumans, ‘nor wish to ever, can also take 21 quick actions to simplify their\\nlife.\\n\\n-18 year old female.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Brooke McAlary says:\\n\\nJune 16, 2014 at 12:05 pm\\n\\nThat’s the thing about perspective though, isn’t it? I can’t write from the\\nperspective of an 18-year-old’s needs anymore, as I am not 18. If I wrote this\\narticle with actions applicable to everyone, then they would be so broad and\\nso vague as to be useless. So instead, I write from my perspective for people\\nwho either share a similar worldview or who are willing to set aside our\\ndifferences and glean from my writing what they will. It’s OK if none of these\\nactions apply to you, but they do apply to a lot of people. :)\\n\\nThanks for taking the time to comment, Anonymous.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 30. nani says:\\n\\nJune 21, 2014 at 8:23 am\\n\\nThank You,Brooke-this is my new go-to page for a reminder of how I’m\\ntravelling as far as simplifying my home. There is much to be done but all do-\\nable-I appreciate the way you’ve simplified the approach to each task. Very\\nencouraging piece, I’m inspired to finish what I’ve started. Thanks again!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 31. Viv says:\\n\\nJune 29, 2014 at 6:58 pm\\n\\nI like this post, and your blog. What I like about your blog is that it\\nenglobes all aspects of life. All the other blogs I’ve been Reading focus too\\nmuch on organizing, cleaning and budgeting. Well, yours include that, but it’s\\nnot the main goal. I like that, as THAT is what I need.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 32. Lucy McGarden says:\\n\\nJuly 4, 2014 at 4:35 pm\\n\\nLiving a simple life doesn’t mean you don’t have to take action for yourself.\\nAnd this 21 quick actions you can do to simplify your life is really great\\nhelp. Thanks to this!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 33. Melinda Engel says:\\n\\nJuly 10, 2014 at 9:34 am\\n\\nI found your website through the Northwest Earth Institute’s blog. I LOVE it!\\nI have bookmarked you as a favorite to read regularly. Thank you for speaking\\non voluntary simplicity. I am currently putting together a voluntary\\nsimplicity discussion group in my local community. In kindness, Melinda Engel,\\nmelindaengel.com\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 34. Quick Steps to Begin Simplifying Your Home and Your Life says:\\n\\nAugust 8, 2014 at 12:10 am\\n\\n[...] you’re still not sure where to start, let us suggest 21 Quick Actions\\nYou Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life from the blog Slow Your Home. Some of\\nthe tips are about decluttering your home, others are about [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 35. flyingglasselevator.com says:\\n\\nSeptember 23, 2014 at 9:38 pm\\n\\nVery nice article. I absolutely appreciate this website.\\n\\nThanks!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 36. Gregorio says:\\n\\nSeptember 25, 2014 at 7:20 pm\\n\\nHowdy! I simply want to offer you a big thumbhs up forr the excelklent ibfo\\nyoou have got here on thi post. I am cominng back to your site ffor more soon.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 37. Eileen says:\\n\\nOctober 9, 2014 at 11:45 pm\\n\\nGreat list! Have already begun decluttering my home and starting to see a\\ndifference. Will be putting my home up for sale soon and really need it to\\nlook its best. I find i have no difficulty tossing out stuff that belongs to\\nme, but, find it hard to motivate my family to pare down their belongings.\\nWill keep trying! Thanks for all the great advice! Eileen\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 38. Fiona says:\\n\\nOctober 10, 2014 at 7:23 am\\n\\nI just wanted to say how much I enjoy your blog. I discovered you at the\\nbeginning of the year through (I think) ‘A simple kinda life’? I keep coming\\nback as your writing and experiences resonate with me. Great ideas; somewhat\\nchallenging to put them all into practise living with my teenage, technology\\ncrazed, ‘floordrobe’ roomed twin boys but I keep trying. Thank you for the\\ncontinuing inspiration.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 39. Amber says:\\n\\nNovember 18, 2014 at 3:06 pm\\n\\nThis list is absolutely brilliant! Thank you, thank you, thank you for\\ncompiling so many useful, great ideas in one place. I love how you timed\\ncertain things. We tend to assume a task is more grueling and time consuming\\nthat it actually is and that’s why we procrastinate. When you think about how\\nit only takes 6 seconds to put that blender up, it’s not so hard to make time\\nto just go ahead and do it, NOW.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 40. 15 ordinary things to do in 2015 - Fat Mum Slim | LIVING LIFE INSPIRED says:\\n\\nJanuary 9, 2015 at 2:52 pm\\n\\n[...] year Brooke from Slow Your Home super simplified her home. Like not just\\na little, she did a LOT. She shares 21 tips you can use to simplify quickly. I\\nalso saw a friend on Instagram simplify by minimalising over a month, she did\\none thing on the [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 41. 10 Minimalism and Decluttering Blogs | Nourishing Minimalism says:\\n\\nJanuary 20, 2015 at 4:52 am\\n\\n[...] 8. Slow Your Home I really enjoy reading Brooke’s articles and she walks\\nthrough how to live simply and purposefully. Her current series, the A-Z of\\nSimple Living is wonderful and you should also read 21 Quick Actions You Can\\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 42. Practice Gratitude | Fuller Way of Life says:\\n\\nJanuary 26, 2015 at 5:58 am\\n\\n[...] Brooke – author of Slow Your Home {The Simpler Life You Want}. Although\\nher article “21 Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life” is from\\nSeptember of 2012, I believe it is still relevant today. I enjoyed all of her\\n[...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 43. 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today To Change Your Digital Life Forever | Bos Organization | Los Angeles Professional Organizer says:\\n\\nJanuary 27, 2015 at 10:10 am\\n\\n[...] Actions You Can Do Today to Set Your Blog Up for Massive Success which\\ninspired Brooke McAlary’s 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your\\nLife. Both were inspired by Adam Baker’s 24 Quick Actions You Can Do Today\\nThat Can Change Your [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 44. Sandra says:\\n\\nJanuary 28, 2015 at 2:24 am\\n\\nYou can also use Noosfeer to have a better experience while reading on the web\\n;)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 45. Robert says:\\n\\nFebruary 12, 2015 at 11:30 am\\n\\nThanks that was very helpful. Lots of well thought out and explained steps to\\nhelp me simplify my life.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 46. Ardene says:\\n\\nFebruary 20, 2015 at 2:13 pm\\n\\nI adore your site. Must tell ya that the plants you listed with the exception\\nof bamboo are all highly toxic for cats, especially the Peace Lily. Could be\\nfatal or very harmful if ingested. Please note this in your plant action\\nsection (#4). You can get a list of cat friendly plants if you scope out more\\nthan one site on the subject because there are some schools that say spider\\nplants are ok but they are not. Mildly toxic, but still, not great. Thanks!\\nAnd keep up the great work, I love your voice. You are one of the few who\\nmotivate me to be able to manage this mess. Thank you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Ardene says:\\n\\nFebruary 20, 2015 at 2:16 pm\\n\\nPS: Bamboo is ok, so are orchids, which I love, jade trees and Christmas\\ncactus (but not most other succulents), to name a few that are kitty safe.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 47. Jishma says:\\n\\nFebruary 22, 2015 at 5:48 pm\\n\\nThank you ....for this beautiful and inspiring article...\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 48. Michelle says:\\n\\nMarch 9, 2015 at 5:33 am\\n\\nI am doing a declutter right now.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 49. Day 16 of 28 Days to Simplify My Life a la Pinterest: Daily Meditation | Our Unschooling, Unjobbing Life says:\\n\\nMarch 26, 2015 at 4:00 pm\\n\\n[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because\\nmeditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 50. Karen says:\\n\\nApril 6, 2015 at 1:58 pm\\n\\nWonderful! I’m getting started! Thank you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 51. Megan Wise says:\\n\\nApril 24, 2015 at 8:00 am\\n\\nI love this list! My husband and I are taking a journey into being minimalists\\nand I’ve got to say, it’s so much more fulfilling the plugging along in the\\nratrace :) We live in a tiny home and blog about our life and learning too!\\nThank you for the ideas!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 52. Simple | Blue Like That says:\\n\\nApril 28, 2015 at 1:07 am\\n\\n[...] been reading some inspiration lately, and one post challenged me to\\nwrite down my [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 53. 30 Must-Read Articles If You're Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist – The Minimalist Vegan says:\\n\\nApril 28, 2015 at 9:02 pm\\n\\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 54. Dairy Free Gluten Free Vanilla Rice Pudding + Link Love says:\\n\\nMay 12, 2015 at 10:47 am\\n\\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Great tips\\nfrom Slow Your Home, on how to declutter and simplify your life. [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 55. Will says:\\n\\nJune 5, 2015 at 1:50 am\\n\\nOne sure-fire way to simplifying your life: Delegate your routine chores.\\n\\nHave you ever forgotten someone’s special occasion or have been forced to shop\\nfor a gift the day before your friend’s birthday? Gift Handler is an online\\nservice that emails you three great personalized ideas for a present in time\\nto mark the event. Spend a few minutes describing each person on your list and\\nyour price range so you won’t have to worry about gift shopping for the rest\\nof the year.\\n\\nhttp://www.gifthandler.com\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 56. Day 16 of 28 Days to Simplify My Life a la Pinterest: Daily Meditation | We, The Dancers says:\\n\\nJune 28, 2015 at 12:06 pm\\n\\n[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because\\nmeditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 57. 30 Must-Read Articles If You're Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist says:\\n\\nJuly 14, 2015 at 8:10 pm\\n\\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 58. Sharon says:\\n\\nSeptember 28, 2015 at 9:36 pm\\n\\nThis is great! As I read through the list I was “Yes. YES. YES!” Wish I’d\\nwritten the list, but I just might write a blog post about your list and\\nprovide a link. Less is more. Thank you.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 59. Simplify your life. Part 2. - Saving Dinosaurs says:\\n\\nOctober 27, 2015 at 9:59 am\\n\\n[...] Some healthy decluttering is a good thing and methods are plentiful – as\\nin these links here, here and here for example. And just to be clear, not all\\nprocrastination is bad and can be good [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 60. ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク ミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ ピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ says:\\n\\nNovember 14, 2015 at 9:37 pm\\n\\n楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ブランドコピー,商品の 代引き販売.2015春夏新作 BOTTEGA\\nVENETA?ボッテガヴェネタコピー?財布 新品 ヴィンテージ ラムスキン 編み込み L字ファスナー\\n長財布こちらは業界一人気のボッテガ?ヴェネタスーパーコピー専門ショップです!5年間以上\\nのボッテガ?ヴェネタコピー品販売実績を持っている信用できるスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ専門店!当店はボッテガヴェネタ 財布 コピー\\nを激安で通販しているネット専門店です。ボッテガ ラウンドファスナー財布コピーやボッテガヴェネタ二つ折財布コピーなどを取り揃えてい\\nます。全商品はプロの目にも分からないボッテガ財布スーパーコピーN品です。\\n楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ボッテガヴェネタ新作のスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ商品満載。ブランドコピーボッテガヴェネタ商品は人気商品です。是非ご覧\\nください。 ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク\\nミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ\\nピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ、エルメス、パネライ、パテックフィリップ偽物(コピー商品)のブランドの腕時計の販売、通販。\\nhttp://www.ooowatch.com/kabann/vuitton/index.html\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 61. エルメス ボリードスーパーコピー.ブランド直営店.ブランド,エルメス激安通販,業界で最高な品質に挑戦します!\\\"ブランドN級品ブランドコピー 代引き,スーパーコピー時計,ブランドN級品, says:\\n\\nNovember 17, 2015 at 8:42 am\\n\\nエルメス ボリードスーパーコピー.ブランド直営店.ブランド,エルメス激安通販,業界で最高な品質に挑戦します!”ブランドN級品ブランドコピー\\n代引き,スーパーコピー時計,ブランドN級品,楽天コピーブランド,,偽物ブラン日本最大級の最高のスーパーコピーブランド財布激安代引き販売店,スーパーコピー時計の激安老舗.!国内No.1時計コピー工房,アフターサービスも自ら製造したスーパーコピー時計なので、技術力でお客様に安心のサポー\\nトをご提供させて頂きます。スーパーコピー 代引きN品をご 購入の方は、こちらへ.弊社は正規品と同等品質のコピー品を低価で\\nお客様に提供します!すべての商品は品質2年無料保証です。100%実物写真ですし、品質が完璧です!”スーパーコピーブランド財布激安 偽物財布激安コピー\\nルイヴィトン財布偽物,偽物財布コピー\\nhttp://www.okakaku.com/brand-8-copy-0-cheap-0-max0-attr0-3-sort_order%20Desc%2cgoods_id-\\nDESC.html\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 62. Weekend Roundup: 11/21/15 - GEN Y GIRL says:\\n\\nNovember 24, 2015 at 4:48 am\\n\\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today To Simplify Your Life: Slow Your Home\\n[...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 63. Day 3: Casual winter capsule | Bonnie Rae says:\\n\\nNovember 26, 2015 at 9:45 am\\n\\n[...] were worn because I noticed something really beautiful today. Before\\nsimplifying my life and slowing down, a normal day with my sister would have\\nconsisted of shopping. Buying things that I told myself I [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 64. Margo says:\\n\\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 11:29 am\\n\\nWhat a great list!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 65. Declutter Your Life | Spilling Ink Studio says:\\n\\nJanuary 23, 2016 at 12:40 pm\\n\\n[...] her Slow Your Home site, Brooke McAlary, shares 21 Quick Actions You Can\\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. The focus is on simplifying your [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 66. Debbie Hiers says:\\n\\nFebruary 1, 2016 at 10:29 pm\\n\\nThank you for this wise action list. Just reading your thoughts feels calming.\\nHave been on rewarding simplified journey with the love of my life hubby\\nalmost three years now that began with removing years of storage and large\\nbasement furniture (3 livestock trailer loads to charity/auction destinations,\\nregular car loads of household goods/clothing to donation sites), purging\\npersonal items, and becoming debt free. While reading your words, I found\\nmyself nodding at the similarities we’ve also experienced that brought peace\\nto our home . . . in the midst of busy lives. My journey began with gratitude,\\na desire for order, and simpler rhythm to our lives like our beginning in our\\nsmall log cabin home we built in Alaska. In much appreciation, Debbie\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 67. Kirsty says:\\n\\nFebruary 7, 2016 at 6:11 am\\n\\nWhat a brilliant post! Such practical ideas. A lot of them, I do – I am always\\nrearranging my living room! But many ideas I don’t. Small things make such a\\ndifference like making the bed every day!! Do you mind if I share a link to\\nyour post on my blog and Facebook? You are very good at this. Please keep\\nsharing your ideas.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n * Brooke McAlary says:\\n\\nFebruary 9, 2016 at 9:44 am\\n\\nThanks Kirsty! Please share freely and widely. :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 68. Natalie says:\\n\\nFebruary 18, 2016 at 4:35 am\\n\\nWow, excellent article. Very, very helpful. Thank you!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 69. Monthly Goals Theme: FIRE IT UP-POWER IT UP! | HydroSupraLicked says:\\n\\nMarch 4, 2016 at 8:02 am\\n\\n[...] *top read* 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 70. Breaking the Busyness Habit | 4 Elements of Success says:\\n\\nMarch 9, 2016 at 1:30 pm\\n\\n[...] her Slow Your Home site, Brooke McAlary, shares 21 Quick Actions You Can\\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. The focus is on simplifying your [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 71. christina says:\\n\\nMarch 18, 2016 at 6:53 pm\\n\\nOne of the best posts i’ve ever read about simplifing! Thanks!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 72. Raymond says:\\n\\nMay 14, 2016 at 1:16 pm\\n\\nSimple tips to simply make life better\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 73. Jay says:\\n\\nMay 31, 2016 at 8:51 am\\n\\nWell I thought I was stressed out because of too much going on and too many\\nthings to worry about. This article shows me that I am actually quite anal\\nabout being organised because I do all of the above things that the article\\nrecommends. My simplifying must be about having too many unfinished worries...\\nand responsibilities. Do you fancy doing an article on this?\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 74. ESMERALDA SANTOS says:\\n\\nAugust 14, 2016 at 3:16 am\\n\\nTHIS IS A GREAT ARTICLE I LIKE TO TRY IT TODAY! THANKS.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 75. Tiff says:\\n\\nNovember 9, 2016 at 9:46 am\\n\\nSuch simple achievable tips , thankyou ! <3\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 76. Melissa says:\\n\\nNovember 21, 2016 at 6:40 am\\n\\nI love your idea of setting out items for breakfast. I already set out my\\nclothes and my daughters. Thanks for the great ideas. :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 77. Caroline says:\\n\\nDecember 6, 2016 at 2:51 am\\n\\nI enjoyed your work... Doing some of it and am thankful- I am on my way. took\\nyears to get cluttered so I know it takes time to unclutter. coming from\\nhoarding parents- I’m determined to change!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 78. Photis says:\\n\\nDecember 22, 2016 at 9:16 pm\\n\\nPretty solid thinking :)\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 79. Aradhana says:\\n\\nJanuary 13, 2017 at 11:07 am\\n\\nExcellent blog. You cover everything including things I have not even\\nconsidered. A very holistic approach to simple, mindful living and\\ndecluttering is just the icing. Thank you for your ideas.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 80. katerina greece says:\\n\\nJanuary 27, 2017 at 5:15 am\\n\\nExcellent article – very well written. I have already been decluttering since\\nlast year, and the satisfaction I felt, is unimaginable. Clearing the house\\nfrom clutter, is clearing the mind, and this unbelievable sense of freedom. I\\nam still going on. One should re-read your article every now and then, to\\nensure that one does not get out of this line. Many many thanks to you XXX\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 81. Beth Bishop says:\\n\\nMay 4, 2017 at 6:54 pm\\n\\nI thought that I’d done an exhaustive search, but discovered some new\\nresources from your list. Thanks! I am also on a vegan journey and feel\\nstrongly that veganism and minimalism make a logical pair.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 82. Maralee says:\\n\\nJuly 25, 2017 at 4:37 am\\n\\nI keep searching for inspiration to simplify my life. Most sites have the same\\nthings on them. You number 19 and 20 are something I’ve never run across\\nbefore; and they are two things I believe will help me on my journey.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 83. Acciones diarias | Lemon Fields says:\\n\\nOctober 25, 2017 at 2:35 am\\n\\n[...] leer un artículo muy bueno sobre estas pequeñas acciones y más, los\\ninvito a visitar este post de Slow Your [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 84. 101 *Surprising* Homemaking Tips to Make Your Life Easier says:\\n\\nApril 30, 2018 at 5:55 am\\n\\n[...] Want to live a simpler life? These quick actions can make a huge\\ndifference. Via slowyourhome.com. [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 85. 30 Must-Read Articles If You’re Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist says:\\n\\nFebruary 25, 2019 at 11:10 am\\n\\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 86. Maryanne says:\\n\\nJuly 17, 2020 at 8:07 pm\\n\\nThanks for sharing this post, its really helpful.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 87. Jamie says:\\n\\nSeptember 15, 2020 at 1:49 am\\n\\nGreat idea about setting out items for breakfast. I love your blog, it’s\\ngreat!\\n\\nTake care Jamie\\n\\nReply\\n\\n 88. Duncan Paxton says:\\n\\nNovember 12, 2020 at 4:05 am\\n\\nWe really loved your post – it’s the most definitive on the subject of\\nminimalism we have found especially finding your own morning routine and\\nadding some life with indoor plants. We are a team of life coaches who\\nconstantly speak to our clients about this so will no doubt be referring our\\nclients to your amazing resource!!\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a reply Cancel reply\\n\\n * I'm Brooke and I'm a firm advocate for the best things in life - naps, travel, a good book and spending as much time in nature as possible. I'm the host and creator of The Slow Home Podcast and the author of SLOW and Destination Simple, and I live in the Southern Highlands of NSW with my family and an ever-expanding veggie garden. Nice to meet you. x\\n\\nCopyright © 2020 Slow Your Home\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001742/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If stress is wearing you down, take some advice from those who have left their stress behind -- simplify your life.\",\n \"I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I wanted to live deep and suck all the marrow of life. -- Henry David Thoreau, Walden\",\n \"OK, it's unlikely you're going to make like Thoreau and move to the woods. Heck, you probably don't even have time for a walk in the woods. If that's the case, though, that may very well mean that it's time to simplify your life. In so doing, you may just save your health -- and your sanity (not to mention actually having time to take that walk).\",\n \"Erin Bocherer and her husband are doing just that. \\\"Our New Year's resolution was to simplify our life as much as possible to reduce stress,\\\" says Bocherer, an advertising account supervisor.\",\n \"Online banking. \\\"This limits post office drop-offs and reduces the time and money spent on stamps and licking envelopes,\\\" says Bocherer. \\\"It also enables me to schedule automatic payments each month, which saves several hours of our time because we no longer need to write out bills and balance the checkbook.\\\"\",\n \"Hiring a cleaning service every three weeks. \\\"We still clean, but they handle the nitty-gritty, time-consuming activities that seemed to fill our weekends,\\\" says Bocherer.\",\n \"Hiring a nanny. Yes, this is expensive, but it saves the Bocherers two hours a day in the car dropping off and picking up their son at daycare. \\\"It enables me to spend more quality time with my son (and with my daughter when she is born in May),\\\" says Bocherer.\",\n \"Reducing debt. \\\"Debt is one of our biggest stresses that never seems to end,\\\" says Bocherer. By creating a strict, yet manageable budget, and focusing on paying off their debt, the Bocherers say they are creating a feeling of accomplishment.\",\n \"The Bocherers are not alone in their efforts to cut the stress from their life. Browse your favorite newsstand or bookstore and you'll see evidence of an anti-stress movement taking hold in this country. Generally known as \\\"voluntary simplicity,\\\" or the \\\"simplicity movement,\\\" the need many of us see for a less stressful, more meaningful life is reflected in magazines, books, and web sites devoted to simplifying your life, whether that means \\\"de- cluttering\\\" your home, \\\"downsizing\\\" your career ambitions, or living off the land.\",\n \"About 5% to 7% of adults in the U.S. are pursuing some form of voluntary simplicity, according to Gerald Celente, director of the Trends Research Institute in New York. The contemporary voluntary simplicity movement began in 1981 with the publication of Duane Elgin's book, Voluntary Simplicity: Toward a Way of Life That is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich. Since then, dozens of books, national magazines, web sites, and grassroots \\\"simplicity circles\\\" have sprung up to offer support and share ideas for those interested in scaling back.\",\n \"Simplifying your life doesn't necessarily mean doing without. It might, but it doesn't have to. Rather, the prevailing philosophy of today's voluntary simplicity movement is not to live without possessions or to live in frugality, but to slow down and live a more balanced, deliberate, and thoughtful life. And as research increasingly shows, a healthier life as well.\",\n \"It's no longer news that stress can take its toll on both your physical and mental health. Numerous studies have shown a link between stress and high blood pressure. In one such study, for example, scientists at the University of California at Irvine reported in 1998 in the Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine that men with highly stressful jobs had systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings that were approximately 10 points higher than those with less stressful jobs.\",\n \"In a study published in 2000 in the journal Social Science & Medicine, researchers from Ohio State University and the University of Alabama found that people with a high ratio of credit card debt to income were in worse physical health than those with less debt.\",\n \"And now, mental health professionals have joined the movement, focusing on how simple living can help alleviate tension-related reactions such as insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, neck and shoulder spasms, chronic fatigue and, says Roderic Gorney, MD, PhD, \\\"our excessive dwelling on 'things.'\\\"\",\n \"\\\"The message that we get is that without this complexity of 'things' in our life, we are not lovable and not worthy,\\\" says Gorney, clinical professor of psychiatry at UCLA and author of The Human Agenda, who also serves on the board of Seeds of Simplicity, an LA-based program of Cornell University's Center for Religion, Ethics & Social Policy. The organization has recently started a campaign called \\\"Unstuffocate,\\\" to help people decide for themselves just how much is enough.\",\n \"The mental health community's awareness of such dependencies as \\\"consumption addictions\\\" led UCLA's Neuropsychiatric Institute to recently sponsor a conference on \\\"Mental Health and Simple Living: Countering the Compulsion to Consume.\\\" The purpose of the conference, says Gorney, was to \\\"help the person shake off the addiction to too much, and with it the distress of excess.\\\"\",\n \"Just acknowledging that you need to simplify your life, however, doesn't solve the problem, although it is a beginning. You may be so crunched for time and energy that you can't even stop to think of ways to simplify your life. Let the experts give you a few suggestions.\",\n \"\\\"Many people feel stressed and overwhelmed because they are 'overconnected,'\\\" says Debra A. Dinnoncenzo, president of ALLearnatives, which specializes in alternative work arrangements. \\\"As a result of the ... never-ending ways that people can access us any time of the day or night, we feel perpetually connected to our work,\\\" says Dinnoncenzo, also the author of Dot Calm: The Search for Sanity in a Wired World.\",\n \"Think about all the technology resources that we now use that weren't commonplace even a few years ago, says Dinnoncenzo. Simplifying your life doesn't mean you have to ditch the cell phone, pager, e-mail, instant messaging, voice mail, call forwarding, and on and on. But it does mean establishing clear boundaries:\",\n \"Along with all this technology -- which includes the TV too, by the way -- comes information overload, says Daphne Stevens, PhD, a psychotherapist, life coach and author of the forthcoming book, Watercolor Bedroom: Creating a Soulful Midlife. \\\"Limit the amount of information you expose yourself to,\\\" she says. \\\"Being flooded with stimuli is a tremendous source of stress.\\\"\",\n \"Debbie Mandel, MA, a stress management expert and author of Turn On Your Inner Light: Fitness for Body, Mind and Soul, says simplifying your life is like \\\"spring cleaning for the soul.\\\"\",\n \"Make a list of your activities, prioritize your to-do list, and shed those activities that no longer serve a purpose in your life.\",\n \"Simplifying your life may also mean more than just getting rid of \\\"stuff.\\\" It may mean getting rid of people too, says Daphne Stevens. \\\"Avoid overexposure to negative or toxic people,\\\" she suggests. Instead, \\\"nurture the relationships that support you. A quick email or card saying 'I'm thinking of you' can work wonders in keeping a friendship alive when we're too busy to do much else.\\\"\",\n \"However you choose to simplify your life, remember that simplicity is not about poverty or deprivation, according to The Simple Living Network. It is about discovering what is \\\"enough in your life -- based upon thoughtful analysis of your lifestyle and values -- and discarding the rest.\\\"\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n### Menu\\n\\n### Health A-Z Home\\n\\n * News\\n * Reference\\n * Slideshows\\n * Quizzes\\n * Videos\\n * Questions & Answers\\n * WebMDRx Savings Card\\n\\n### Top 12 Topics\\n\\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19)\\n * CBD Oil\\n * Keto Diet\\n * Hepatitis C\\n * Diabetes Warning Signs\\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis\\n * Morning-After Pill\\n * Breast Cancer Screening\\n * Psoriatic Arthritis Symptoms\\n * Heart Failure\\n * Multiple Myeloma\\n * Types of Crohn's Disease\\n\\n * A to Z Guides\\n * Feature Stories\\n\\n### Menu\\n\\n# Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life\\n\\nIf stress is wearing you down, take some advice from those who have left their\\nstress behind -- simplify your life.\\n\\nBy Carol Sorgen\\n\\nReviewed by Louise Chang, MD on August 25, 2008\\n\\nFrom the WebMD Archives\\n\\nI went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the\\nessential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach,\\nand not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I wanted to live\\ndeep and suck all the marrow of life. -- Henry David Thoreau, Walden\\n\\nOK, it's unlikely you're going to make like Thoreau and move to the woods.\\nHeck, you probably don't even have time for a walk in the woods. If that's the\\ncase, though, that may very well mean that it's time to simplify your life. In\\nso doing, you may just save your health -- and your sanity (not to mention\\nactually having time to take that walk).\\n\\nErin Bocherer and her husband are doing just that. \\\"Our New Year's resolution\\nwas to simplify our life as much as possible to reduce stress,\\\" says Bocherer,\\nan advertising account supervisor.\\n\\nThis is what the Bocherers have been doing:\\n\\n * Online banking. \\\"This limits post office drop-offs and reduces the time and money spent on stamps and licking envelopes,\\\" says Bocherer. \\\"It also enables me to schedule automatic payments each month, which saves several hours of our time because we no longer need to write out bills and balance the checkbook.\\\"\\n * Hiring a cleaning service every three weeks. \\\"We still clean, but they handle the nitty-gritty, time-consuming activities that seemed to fill our weekends,\\\" says Bocherer.\\n * Hiring a nanny. Yes, this is expensive, but it saves the Bocherers two hours a day in the car dropping off and picking up their son at daycare. \\\"It enables me to spend more quality time with my son (and with my daughter when she is born in May),\\\" says Bocherer.\\n * Reducing debt. \\\"Debt is one of our biggest stresses that never seems to end,\\\" says Bocherer. By creating a strict, yet manageable budget, and focusing on paying off their debt, the Bocherers say they are creating a feeling of accomplishment.\\n\\n## Simplicity Movement Taking Hold\\n\\nThe Bocherers are not alone in their efforts to cut the stress from their\\nlife. Browse your favorite newsstand or bookstore and you'll see evidence of\\nan anti-stress movement taking hold in this country. Generally known as\\n\\\"voluntary simplicity,\\\" or the \\\"simplicity movement,\\\" the need many of us see\\nfor a less stressful, more meaningful life is reflected in magazines, books,\\nand web sites devoted to simplifying your life, whether that means \\\"de-\\ncluttering\\\" your home, \\\"downsizing\\\" your career ambitions, or living off the\\nland.\\n\\n#### Continued\\n\\nAbout 5% to 7% of adults in the U.S. are pursuing some form of voluntary\\nsimplicity, according to Gerald Celente, director of the Trends Research\\nInstitute in New York. The contemporary voluntary simplicity movement began in\\n1981 with the publication of Duane Elgin's book, Voluntary Simplicity: Toward\\na Way of Life That is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich. Since then, dozens of\\nbooks, national magazines, web sites, and grassroots \\\"simplicity circles\\\" have\\nsprung up to offer support and share ideas for those interested in scaling\\nback.\\n\\n#### Continued\\n\\nSimplifying your life doesn't necessarily mean doing without. It might, but it\\ndoesn't have to. Rather, the prevailing philosophy of today's voluntary\\nsimplicity movement is not to live without possessions or to live in\\nfrugality, but to slow down and live a more balanced, deliberate, and\\nthoughtful life. And as research increasingly shows, a healthier life as well.\\n\\nIt's no longer news that stress can take its toll on both your physical and\\nmental health. Numerous studies have shown a link between stress and high\\nblood pressure. In one such study, for example, scientists at the University\\nof California at Irvine reported in 1998 in the Journal of Psychosomatic\\nMedicine that men with highly stressful jobs had systolic and diastolic blood\\npressure readings that were approximately 10 points higher than those with\\nless stressful jobs.\\n\\nIn a study published in 2000 in the journal Social Science & Medicine,\\nresearchers from Ohio State University and the University of Alabama found\\nthat people with a high ratio of credit card debt to income were in worse\\nphysical health than those with less debt.\\n\\n## Too Much 'Stuff' Takes Its Toll\\n\\nAnd now, mental health professionals have joined the movement, focusing on how\\nsimple living can help alleviate tension-related reactions such as insomnia,\\nnervousness, anxiety, neck and shoulder spasms, chronic fatigue and, says\\nRoderic Gorney, MD, PhD, \\\"our excessive dwelling on 'things.'\\\"\\n\\n\\\"The message that we get is that without this complexity of 'things' in our\\nlife, we are not lovable and not worthy,\\\" says Gorney, clinical professor of\\npsychiatry at UCLA and author of The Human Agenda, who also serves on the\\nboard of Seeds of Simplicity, an LA-based program of Cornell University's\\nCenter for Religion, Ethics & Social Policy. The organization has recently\\nstarted a campaign called \\\"Unstuffocate,\\\" to help people decide for themselves\\njust how much is enough.\\n\\n#### Continued\\n\\nThe mental health community's awareness of such dependencies as \\\"consumption\\naddictions\\\" led UCLA's Neuropsychiatric Institute to recently sponsor a\\nconference on \\\"Mental Health and Simple Living: Countering the Compulsion to\\nConsume.\\\" The purpose of the conference, says Gorney, was to \\\"help the person\\nshake off the addiction to too much, and with it the distress of excess.\\\"\\n\\nJust acknowledging that you need to simplify your life, however, doesn't solve\\nthe problem, although it is a beginning. You may be so crunched for time and\\nenergy that you can't even stop to think of ways to simplify your life. Let\\nthe experts give you a few suggestions.\\n\\n## It's Time to Disconnect\\n\\n\\\"Many people feel stressed and overwhelmed because they are 'overconnected,'\\\"\\nsays Debra A. Dinnoncenzo, president of ALLearnatives, which specializes in\\nalternative work arrangements. \\\"As a result of the ... never-ending ways that\\npeople can access us any time of the day or night, we feel perpetually\\nconnected to our work,\\\" says Dinnoncenzo, also the author of Dot Calm: The\\nSearch for Sanity in a Wired World.\\n\\nThink about all the technology resources that we now use that weren't\\ncommonplace even a few years ago, says Dinnoncenzo. Simplifying your life\\ndoesn't mean you have to ditch the cell phone, pager, e-mail, instant\\nmessaging, voice mail, call forwarding, and on and on. But it does mean\\nestablishing clear boundaries:\\n\\n * Turn off your cell phone when you shouldn't be (or don't want to be) interrupted.\\n * Don't take a cell phone to an appointment or when you are focusing on someone else.\\n * Don't give out your cell phone number. Use it only for outgoing calls.\\n * Screen calls by using caller ID.\\n * Use the \\\"delete\\\" option -- early and often.\\n * Arrange for calls from the office only in cases of emergency.\\n * Maintain your commitment to work-free vacations.\\n * Let voice mail or the answering machine take your calls.\\n * On your voice mail greeting, be clear about when you will and will not be available.\\n\\nAlong with all this technology -- which includes the TV too, by the way --\\ncomes information overload, says Daphne Stevens, PhD, a psychotherapist, life\\ncoach and author of the forthcoming book, Watercolor Bedroom: Creating a\\nSoulful Midlife. \\\"Limit the amount of information you expose yourself to,\\\" she\\nsays. \\\"Being flooded with stimuli is a tremendous source of stress.\\\"\\n\\n#### Continued\\n\\nDebbie Mandel, MA, a stress management expert and author of Turn On Your Inner\\nLight: Fitness for Body, Mind and Soul, says simplifying your life is like\\n\\\"spring cleaning for the soul.\\\"\\n\\n\\\"Stress is omnipresent,\\\" says Mandel. \\\"The trick is to learn to decompress.\\\"\\nMandel's suggestions for simplifying your life include:\\n\\n * Make a list of your activities, prioritize your to-do list, and shed those activities that no longer serve a purpose in your life.\\n * Delegate chores at home and at the office. Don't try to do it all. Ask for help.\\n * Let go of the myth of perfection.\\n\\nSimplifying your life may also mean more than just getting rid of \\\"stuff.\\\" It\\nmay mean getting rid of people too, says Daphne Stevens. \\\"Avoid overexposure\\nto negative or toxic people,\\\" she suggests. Instead, \\\"nurture the\\nrelationships that support you. A quick email or card saying 'I'm thinking of\\nyou' can work wonders in keeping a friendship alive when we're too busy to do\\nmuch else.\\\"\\n\\nHowever you choose to simplify your life, remember that simplicity is not\\nabout poverty or deprivation, according to The Simple Living Network. It is\\nabout discovering what is \\\"enough in your life -- based upon thoughtful\\nanalysis of your lifestyle and values -- and discarding the rest.\\\"\\n\\nWebMD Feature\\n\\n#### Sources\\n\\nSOURCES: Erin Bocherer, account supervisor, SBC Advertising. Debra A.\\nDinnoncenzo, president, ALLearnatives. Debbie Mandel. Daphne Stevens, PhD,\\nTrends Research Institute. The Simple Living Network. Roderic Gorney, MD, PhD,\\nclinical professor of psychiatry, UCLA.\\n\\n© 2006 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\nPagination\\n\\n### Top Picks\\n\\n * Manage Your Migraine\\n * What to Eat Before Your Workout\\n * Treating RA With Biologics\\n * Best Treatments for Allergies\\n * MS and Depression: How Are They Linked?\\n * Your Guide to Understanding Medicare\\n\\n### further reading\\n\\n * 10 Ways to Stop Stress Now\\n * 10 Ways to De-Stress and Revitalize\\n * How Well Do You Handle Your Stress?\\n * Coping with Workplace Stress\\n * Workplace Stress and Your Health\\n * Anxiety at Work: A Career-Busting Condition\\n * Workplace Stress Topics\\n\\n### Today on WebMD\\n\\n#### Risky Mistakes Pet Owners Make\\n\\nSome of these might surprise you.\\n\\n#### Depressed, Guilty Feelings After Eating?\\n\\nSymptoms of binge eating disorder.\\n\\n#### Psoriasis Home Remedies\\n\\n14 tips to ditch the itch.\\n\\n#### Quit Smoking\\n\\nGet your personalized plan.\\n\\n### Recommended for You\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### 10 Secrets to a Sparkling Smile\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### 7 Ways You're Wrecking Your Liver\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Symptoms of ADHD in Children\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Type 2 Diabetes: Early Warning Signs\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### What Is Schizophrenia?\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### Fungal Infections: What You Should Know\\n\\nSlideshow\\n\\n#### 11 Surprising Superfoods for Your Bones\\n\\n### Tools & Resources\\n\\n * Foods That Help Enhance Your Brainpower\\n * Breast Cancer Signs & Symptoms\\n * Constipated? Avoid These Foods\\n * Lung Cancer Risks: Myths and Facts\\n * Causes of Erectile Dysfunction\\n * Tips for Living Better With Migraine\\n\\n### Health Solutions\\n\\n * Discover Immunotherapy\\n * Could I have CAD?\\n * Treat Bent Fingers\\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\\n * Tired of Dandruff?\\n * Life with Cancer\\n * Rethink MS Treatment\\n * AFib-Related Strokes\\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\\n * Is My Penis Normal?\\n * Relapsing MS Options\\n * Give the Gift of Life\\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\\n * Bent Finger Causes\\n * Living With Psoriasis?\\n * Missing Teeth?\\n\\n### More from WebMD\\n\\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\\n\\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\\n\\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\\n\\nSee additional information.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210831125731/https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A simple life has a different meaning and a different value for every person. For me, it means eliminating all but the essential, eschewing chaos for peace, and spending your time doing what’s important to you.\",\n \"It means getting rid of many of the things you do so you can spend time with people you love and do the things you love. It means getting rid of the clutter so you are left with only that which gives you value.\",\n \"However, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process. It’s a journey, not a destination, and it can often be a journey of two steps forward, and one backward.\",\n \"The Short List For the cynics who say that the list below is too long, there are really only two steps to simplifying:\",\n \"Of course, that’s not terribly useful unless you can see how to apply that to different areas of your life, so I present to you the Long List.\",\n \"The Long List There can be no step-by-step guide to simplifying your life, but I’ve compiled an incomplete list of ideas that should help anyone trying to find the simple life. Not every tip will work for you — choose the ones that appeal and apply to your life.\",\n \"One important note: this list will be criticized for being too complicated, especially as it provides a bunch of links. Don’t stress out about all of that. Just choose one at a time, and focus on that. When you’re done with that, focus on the next thing.\",\n \"Make a list of your top 4-5 important things. What’s most important to you? What do you value most? What 4-5 things do you most want to do in your life? Simplifying starts with these priorities, as you are trying to make room in your life so you have more time for these things.\",\n \"Evaluate your commitments. Look at everything you’ve got going on in your life. Everything, from work to home to civic to kids’ activities to hobbies to side businesses to other projects. Think about which of these really gives you value, which ones you love doing. Which of these are in line with the 4-5 most important things you listed above? Drop those that aren’t in line with those things. Article here.\",\n \"Evaluate your time. How do you spend your day? What things do you do, from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, eliminate the things that aren’t, and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.\",\n \"Simplify work tasks. Our work day is made up of an endless list of work tasks. If you simply try to knock off all the tasks on your to-do list, you’ll never get everything done, and worse yet, you’ll never get the important stuff done. Focus on the essential tasks and eliminate the rest. Read more.\",\n \"Simplify home tasks. In that vein, think about all the stuff you do at home. Sometimes our home task list is just as long as our work list. And we’ll never get that done either. So focus on the most important, and try to find ways to eliminate the other tasks (automate, eliminate, delegate, or hire help).\",\n \"Learn to say no. This is actually one of the key habits for those trying to simplify their lives. If you can’t say no, you will take on too much. Article here.\",\n \"Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, IM, cell phones, paper mail, Skype, Twitter, forums, and more. It can take up your whole day if you let it. Instead, put a limit on your communications: only do email at certain times of the day, for a certain number of minutes (I recommend twice a day, but do what works for you). Only do IM once a day, for a limited amount of time. Limit phone calls to certain times too. Same with any other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.\",\n \"Limit your media consumption. This tip won’t be for everyone, so if media consumption is important to you, please skip it (as with any of the other tips). However, I believe that the media in our lives — TV, radio, Internet, magazines, etc. — can come to dominate our lives. Don’t let it. Simplify your life and your information consumption by limiting it. Try a media fast.\",\n \"Purge your stuff. If you can devote a weekend to purging the stuff you don’t want, it feels seriously terrific. Get boxes and trash bags for the stuff you want to donate or toss. Here’s my guide on decluttering. Here’s a post on starting small. More on purging below.\",\n \"Get rid of the big items. There’s tons of little clutter in our lives, but if you start with the big items, you’ll simplify your life quickly and in a big way. Read more.\",\n \"Edit your rooms. One room at a time, go around the room and eliminate the unnecessary. Act as a newspaper editor, trying to leave only the minimum, and deleting everything else. Article here.\",\n \"Edit closets and drawers. Once you’ve gone through the main parts of your rooms, tackle the closets and drawers, one drawer or shelf at a time. More here.\",\n \"Simplify your wardrobe. Is your closet bursting full? Are your drawers so stuffed they can’t close (I’m talking about dresser drawers here, not underwear). Simplify your wardrobe by getting rid of anything you don’t actually wear. Try creating a minimal wardrobe by focusing on simple styles and a few solid colors that all match each other. Read more.\",\n \"Simplify your computing life. If you have trouble with too many files and too much disorganization, consider online computing. It can simplify things greatly. Read more.\",\n \"Declutter your digital packrattery. If you are a digital packrat, and cannot seem to control your digital clutter, there is still hope for you. Read this guide to curing yourself of this clutter.\",\n \"Limit your buying habits. If you are a slave to materialism and consumerism, there are ways to escape it. I was there, and although I haven’t escaped these things entirely, I feel much freer of it all. If you can escape materialism, you can get into the habit of buying less. And that will mean less stuff, less spending, less freneticism. Read more.\",\n \"Free up time. Find ways to free up time for the important stuff. That means eliminating the stuff you don’t like, cutting back on time wasters, and making room for what you want to do.\",\n \"Do what you love. Once you’ve freed up some time, be sure to spend that extra time doing things you love. Go back to your list of 4-5 important things. Do those, and nothing else. Read more.\",\n \"Spend time with people you love. Again, the list of 4-5 important things probably contains some of the people you love (if not, you may want to re-evaluate). Whether those people are a spouse, a partner, children, parents, other family, best friends, or whoever, find time to do things with them, talk to them, be intimate with them (not necessarily in sexual ways).\",\n \"Spend time alone. See this list of ways to free up time for yourself — to spend in solitude. Alone time is good for you, although some people aren’t comfortable with it. It could take practice getting used to the quiet, and making room for your inner voice. It sounds new-agey, I know, but it’s extremely calming. And this quiet is necessary for finding out what’s important to you.\",\n \"Eat slowly. If you cram your food down your throat, you are not only missing out on the great taste of the food, you are not eating healthy. Slow down to lose weight, improve digestion, and enjoy life more. Read more.\",\n \"Drive slowly. Most people rush through traffic, honking and getting angry and frustrated and stressed out. And endangering themselves and others in the meantime. Driving slower is not only safer, but it is better on your fuel bill, and can be incredibly peaceful. Give it a try. Read more.\",\n \"Be present. These two words can make a huge difference in simplifying your life. Living here and now, in the moment, keeps you aware of life, of what is going on around you and within you. It does wonders for your sanity. Read tips on how to do it.\",\n \"Streamline your life. Many times we live with unplanned, complex systems in our lives because we haven’t given them much thought. Instead, focus on one system at a time (your laundry system, your errands system, your paperwork system, your email system, etc.) and try to make it simplified, efficient, and written. Then stick to it. Here’s more. Another good article here.\",\n \"Create a simple mail & paperwork system. If you don’t have a system, this stuff will pile up. But a simple system will keep everything in order. Here’s how.\",\n \"Create a simple system for house work. Another example of a simple system is clean-as-you-go with a burst. Read more.\",\n \"Clear your desk. If you have a cluttered desk, it can be distracting and disorganized and stressful. A clear desk, however, is only a couple of simple habits away. Read more.\",\n \"Establish routines. The key to keeping your life simple is to create simple routines — a morning routine, a bill-paying routine, an evening routine.\",\n \"Keep your email inbox empty. Is your email inbox overflowing with new and read messages? Do the messages just keep piling up? If so, you’re normal — but you could be more efficient and your email life could be simplified with a few simple steps. Read more.\",\n \"Learn to live frugally. Living frugally means buying less, wanting less, and leaving less of a footprint on the earth. It’s directly related to simplicity. Here are 50 tips on how to live frugally.\",\n \"Make your house minimalist. A minimalist house has what is necessary, and not much else. It’s also extremely peaceful (not to mention easy to clean). More here.\",\n \"Find other ways to be minimalist. There are tons. You can find ways to be minimalist in every area of your life. Here are a few I do, to spur your own ideas.\",\n \"Consider a smaller home. If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life. Read about downsizing your home here.\",\n \"Consider a smaller car. This is a big move, but if you have a large car or SUV, you may not really need something that big. It’s more expensive, uses more gas, harder to maintain, harder to park. Simplify your life with less car. You don’t need to go tiny, especially if you have a family, but try to find as small a car as can fit you or your family comfortably. Maybe not something you’re going to do today, but something to think about over the long term.\",\n \"Learn what “enough” is. Our materialistic society today is about getting more and more, with no end in sight. Sure, you can get the latest gadget, and more clothes and shoes. More stuff. But when will you have enough? Most people don’t know, and thus they keep buying more. It’s a neverending cycle. Get off the cycle by figuring out how much is enough. And then stop when you get there.\",\n \"Create a simple weekly dinner menu. If figuring out what’s for dinner is a nightly stressor for you or your family, consider creating a weekly menu. Decide on a week’s worth of simple dinners, set a specific dinner for each night of the week, go grocery shopping for the ingredients. Now you know what’s for dinner each night, and you have all the ingredients necessary. No need for difficult recipes — find ones that can be done in 10-15 minutes (or less).\",\n \"Eat healthy. It might not be obvious how eating healthy relates to simplicity, but think about the opposite: if you eat fatty, greasy, salty, sugary, fried foods all the time, you are sure to have higher medical needs over the long term. We could be talking years from now, but imagine frequent doctor visits, hospitalization, going to the pharmacist, getting therapy, having surgery, taking insulin shots ... you get the idea. Being unhealthy is complicated. Eating healthy simplifies all of that greatly, over the long term. Read about how to simplify your eating habits.\",\n \"Exercise. This goes along the same lines as eating healthy, as it simplifies your life in the long run, but it goes even further: exercise helps burn off stress and makes you feel better. It’s great. Here’s how to create the exercise habit.\",\n \"Declutter before organizing. Many people make the mistake of taking a cluttered desk or filing cabinet or closet or drawer, and trying to organize it. Unfortunately, that’s not only hard to do, it keeps things complicated. Simplify the process by getting rid of as much of the junk as possible, and then organizing. If you declutter enough, you won’t need to organize at all.\",\n \"Have a place for everything. Age-old advice, but it’s the best advice on keeping things organized. After you declutter. Read more here.\",\n \"Find inner simplicity. I’m not much of a spiritual person, but I have found that spending a little time with my inner self creates a peaceful simplicity rather than a chaotic confusion. This could be time praying or communing with God, or time spent meditating or journaling or getting to know yourself, or time spent in nature. However you do it, working on your inner self is worth the time.\",\n \"Learn to decompress from stress. Every life is filled with stress — no matter how much you simplify your life, you’ll still have stress (except in the case of the ultimate simplifier, death). So after you go through stress, find ways to decompress. Here are some ideas.\",\n \"Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids. Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicating, needing not only car payments, but insurance, registration, safety inspections, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.\",\n \"Find a creative outlet for self-expression. Whether that’s writing, poetry, painting, drawing, creating movies, designing websites, dance, skateboarding, whatever. We have a need for self-expression, and finding a way to do that makes your life much more fulfilling. Allow this to replace much of the busy-work you’re eliminating from your life.\",\n \"Simplify your goals. Instead of having half a dozen goals or more, simplify it to one goal. Not only will this make you less stressed, it will make you more successful. You’ll be able to focus on that One Goal, and give it all of your energy. That gives you much better chances for success.\",\n \"Simplify your filing system. Stacking a bunch of papers just doesn’t work. But a filing system doesn’t have to be complicated to be useful. Create a simple system.\",\n \"Develop equanimity. If every little thing that happens to you sends you into anger or stress, your life might never be simple. Learn to detach yourself, and be more at peace. Read more.\",\n \"Reduce your consumption of advertising. Advertising makes us want things. That’s what it’s designed to do, and it works. Find ways to reduce your exposure of advertising, whether that’s in print, online, broadcast, or elsewhere. You’ll want much less.\",\n \"Live life more deliberately. Do every task slowly, with ease, paying full attention to what you’re doing. For more, see Peaceful Simplicity: How to Live a Life of Contentment.\",\n \"Make a Most Important Tasks (MITs) list each day. Set just 3 very important things you want to accomplish each day. Don’t start with a long list of things you probably won’t get done by the end of the day. A simple list of 3 things, ones that would make you feel like you accomplished something. See this article for more.\",\n \"Create morning and evening routines. A great way to simplify your life is to create routines at the start and end of your day. Read more on morning routines and evening routines.\",\n \"Create a morning writing ritual. If you enjoy writing, like I do, make it a peaceful, productive ritual. Article here.\",\n \"Learn to do nothing. Doing nothing can be an art form, and it should be a part of every life. Read the Art of Doing Nothing.\",\n \"Go for quality, not quantity. Try not to have a ton of stuff in your life ... instead, have just a few possessions, but ones that you really love, and that will last for a long time.\",\n \"Read Simplify Your Life, by Elaine St. James. One of my favorite all-time authors on simplicity. Read my review here.\",\n \"Fill your day with simple pleasures. Make a list of your favorite simple pleasures, and sprinkle them throughout your day. List here.\",\n \"Simplify your RSS feeds. If you’ve got dozens of feeds, or more than a hundred (as I once did), you probably have a lot of stress in trying to keep up with them all. Simplify your feed reading. See How to Drop an RSS Feed Like a Bad Habit.\",\n \"But subscribe to Unclutterer. Probably the best blog on simplifying your stuff and routines (along with Zen Habits, of course!).\",\n \"Simplify your online life. If you have too much going on online, here are a few ways to simplify it all. Article here.\",\n \"Strive to automate your income. This isn’t the easiest task, but it can (and has) been done. I’ve been working towards it myself. Article here.\",\n \"Simplify your budget. Many people skip budgeting (which is very important) because it’s too hard or too complicated. Read more here.\",\n \"Learn to pack light. Who wants to lug a bunch of luggage around on a trip? Here’s an article on using just one carry-on.\",\n \"Leave space around things in your day. Whether they’re appointments, or things you need to do, don’t stack them back-to-back. Leave a little space between things you need to do, so you will have room for contingencies, and you’ll go through your day much more relaxed.\",\n \"Live closer to work. This might mean getting a job closer to your home, or moving to a home closer to your work. Either will do much to simplify your life.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life - zen habits zen\\nhabits\\n\\n# zen habits\\n\\n# breathe\\n\\n## Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life\\n\\n> “Simplicity is the peak of civilization.” – Jessie Sampter\\n\\n###### By Leo Babauta\\n\\nA simple life has a different meaning and a different value for every person.\\nFor me, it means eliminating all but the essential, eschewing chaos for peace,\\nand spending your time doing what’s important to you.\\n\\nIt means getting rid of many of the things you do so you can spend time with\\npeople you love and do the things you love. It means getting rid of the\\nclutter so you are left with only that which gives you value.\\n\\nHowever, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process. It’s a journey,\\nnot a destination, and it can often be a journey of two steps forward, and one\\nbackward.\\n\\nIf you’re interested in simplifying your life, this is a great starter’s guide\\n(if you’re not interested, move on).\\n\\nThe Short List For the cynics who say that the list below is too long, there\\nare really only two steps to simplifying:\\n\\n 1. Identify what’s most important to you.\\n 2. Eliminate everything else.\\n\\nOf course, that’s not terribly useful unless you can see how to apply that to\\ndifferent areas of your life, so I present to you the Long List.\\n\\nThe Long List There can be no step-by-step guide to simplifying your life, but\\nI’ve compiled an incomplete list of ideas that should help anyone trying to\\nfind the simple life. Not every tip will work for you — choose the ones that\\nappeal and apply to your life.\\n\\nOne important note: this list will be criticized for being too complicated,\\nespecially as it provides a bunch of links. Don’t stress out about all of\\nthat. Just choose one at a time, and focus on that. When you’re done with\\nthat, focus on the next thing.\\n\\n 1. Make a list of your top 4-5 important things. What’s most important to you? What do you value most? What 4-5 things do you most want to do in your life? Simplifying starts with these priorities, as you are trying to make room in your life so you have more time for these things.\\n 2. Evaluate your commitments. Look at everything you’ve got going on in your life. Everything, from work to home to civic to kids’ activities to hobbies to side businesses to other projects. Think about which of these really gives you value, which ones you love doing. Which of these are in line with the 4-5 most important things you listed above? Drop those that aren’t in line with those things. Article here.\\n 3. Evaluate your time. How do you spend your day? What things do you do, from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, eliminate the things that aren’t, and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.\\n 4. Simplify work tasks. Our work day is made up of an endless list of work tasks. If you simply try to knock off all the tasks on your to-do list, you’ll never get everything done, and worse yet, you’ll never get the important stuff done. Focus on the essential tasks and eliminate the rest. Read more.\\n 5. Simplify home tasks. In that vein, think about all the stuff you do at home. Sometimes our home task list is just as long as our work list. And we’ll never get that done either. So focus on the most important, and try to find ways to eliminate the other tasks (automate, eliminate, delegate, or hire help).\\n 6. Learn to say no. This is actually one of the key habits for those trying to simplify their lives. If you can’t say no, you will take on too much. Article here.\\n 7. Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, IM, cell phones, paper mail, Skype, Twitter, forums, and more. It can take up your whole day if you let it. Instead, put a limit on your communications: only do email at certain times of the day, for a certain number of minutes (I recommend twice a day, but do what works for you). Only do IM once a day, for a limited amount of time. Limit phone calls to certain times too. Same with any other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.\\n 8. Limit your media consumption. This tip won’t be for everyone, so if media consumption is important to you, please skip it (as with any of the other tips). However, I believe that the media in our lives — TV, radio, Internet, magazines, etc. — can come to dominate our lives. Don’t let it. Simplify your life and your information consumption by limiting it. Try a media fast.\\n 9. Purge your stuff. If you can devote a weekend to purging the stuff you don’t want, it feels seriously terrific. Get boxes and trash bags for the stuff you want to donate or toss. Here’s my guide on decluttering. Here’s a post on starting small. More on purging below.\\n 10. Get rid of the big items. There’s tons of little clutter in our lives, but if you start with the big items, you’ll simplify your life quickly and in a big way. Read more.\\n 11. Edit your rooms. One room at a time, go around the room and eliminate the unnecessary. Act as a newspaper editor, trying to leave only the minimum, and deleting everything else. Article here.\\n 12. Edit closets and drawers. Once you’ve gone through the main parts of your rooms, tackle the closets and drawers, one drawer or shelf at a time. More here.\\n 13. Simplify your wardrobe. Is your closet bursting full? Are your drawers so stuffed they can’t close (I’m talking about dresser drawers here, not underwear). Simplify your wardrobe by getting rid of anything you don’t actually wear. Try creating a minimal wardrobe by focusing on simple styles and a few solid colors that all match each other. Read more.\\n 14. Simplify your computing life. If you have trouble with too many files and too much disorganization, consider online computing. It can simplify things greatly. Read more.\\n 15. Declutter your digital packrattery. If you are a digital packrat, and cannot seem to control your digital clutter, there is still hope for you. Read this guide to curing yourself of this clutter.\\n 16. Create a simplicity statement. What do you want your simple life to look like? Write it out. More here.\\n 17. Limit your buying habits. If you are a slave to materialism and consumerism, there are ways to escape it. I was there, and although I haven’t escaped these things entirely, I feel much freer of it all. If you can escape materialism, you can get into the habit of buying less. And that will mean less stuff, less spending, less freneticism. Read more.\\n 18. Free up time. Find ways to free up time for the important stuff. That means eliminating the stuff you don’t like, cutting back on time wasters, and making room for what you want to do.\\n 19. Do what you love. Once you’ve freed up some time, be sure to spend that extra time doing things you love. Go back to your list of 4-5 important things. Do those, and nothing else. Read more.\\n 20. Spend time with people you love. Again, the list of 4-5 important things probably contains some of the people you love (if not, you may want to re-evaluate). Whether those people are a spouse, a partner, children, parents, other family, best friends, or whoever, find time to do things with them, talk to them, be intimate with them (not necessarily in sexual ways).\\n 21. Spend time alone. See this list of ways to free up time for yourself — to spend in solitude. Alone time is good for you, although some people aren’t comfortable with it. It could take practice getting used to the quiet, and making room for your inner voice. It sounds new-agey, I know, but it’s extremely calming. And this quiet is necessary for finding out what’s important to you.\\n 22. Eat slowly. If you cram your food down your throat, you are not only missing out on the great taste of the food, you are not eating healthy. Slow down to lose weight, improve digestion, and enjoy life more. Read more.\\n 23. Drive slowly. Most people rush through traffic, honking and getting angry and frustrated and stressed out. And endangering themselves and others in the meantime. Driving slower is not only safer, but it is better on your fuel bill, and can be incredibly peaceful. Give it a try. Read more.\\n 24. Be present. These two words can make a huge difference in simplifying your life. Living here and now, in the moment, keeps you aware of life, of what is going on around you and within you. It does wonders for your sanity. Read tips on how to do it.\\n 25. Streamline your life. Many times we live with unplanned, complex systems in our lives because we haven’t given them much thought. Instead, focus on one system at a time (your laundry system, your errands system, your paperwork system, your email system, etc.) and try to make it simplified, efficient, and written. Then stick to it. Here’s more. Another good article here.\\n 26. Create a simple mail & paperwork system. If you don’t have a system, this stuff will pile up. But a simple system will keep everything in order. Here’s how.\\n 27. Create a simple system for house work. Another example of a simple system is clean-as-you-go with a burst. Read more.\\n 28. Clear your desk. If you have a cluttered desk, it can be distracting and disorganized and stressful. A clear desk, however, is only a couple of simple habits away. Read more.\\n 29. Establish routines. The key to keeping your life simple is to create simple routines — a morning routine, a bill-paying routine, an evening routine.\\n 30. Keep your email inbox empty. Is your email inbox overflowing with new and read messages? Do the messages just keep piling up? If so, you’re normal — but you could be more efficient and your email life could be simplified with a few simple steps. Read more.\\n 31. Learn to live frugally. Living frugally means buying less, wanting less, and leaving less of a footprint on the earth. It’s directly related to simplicity. Here are 50 tips on how to live frugally.\\n 32. Make your house minimalist. A minimalist house has what is necessary, and not much else. It’s also extremely peaceful (not to mention easy to clean). More here.\\n 33. Find other ways to be minimalist. There are tons. You can find ways to be minimalist in every area of your life. Here are a few I do, to spur your own ideas.\\n 34. Consider a smaller home. If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life. Read about downsizing your home here.\\n 35. Consider a smaller car. This is a big move, but if you have a large car or SUV, you may not really need something that big. It’s more expensive, uses more gas, harder to maintain, harder to park. Simplify your life with less car. You don’t need to go tiny, especially if you have a family, but try to find as small a car as can fit you or your family comfortably. Maybe not something you’re going to do today, but something to think about over the long term.\\n 36. Learn what “enough” is. Our materialistic society today is about getting more and more, with no end in sight. Sure, you can get the latest gadget, and more clothes and shoes. More stuff. But when will you have enough? Most people don’t know, and thus they keep buying more. It’s a neverending cycle. Get off the cycle by figuring out how much is enough. And then stop when you get there.\\n 37. Create a simple weekly dinner menu. If figuring out what’s for dinner is a nightly stressor for you or your family, consider creating a weekly menu. Decide on a week’s worth of simple dinners, set a specific dinner for each night of the week, go grocery shopping for the ingredients. Now you know what’s for dinner each night, and you have all the ingredients necessary. No need for difficult recipes — find ones that can be done in 10-15 minutes (or less).\\n 38. Eat healthy. It might not be obvious how eating healthy relates to simplicity, but think about the opposite: if you eat fatty, greasy, salty, sugary, fried foods all the time, you are sure to have higher medical needs over the long term. We could be talking years from now, but imagine frequent doctor visits, hospitalization, going to the pharmacist, getting therapy, having surgery, taking insulin shots ... you get the idea. Being unhealthy is complicated. Eating healthy simplifies all of that greatly, over the long term. Read about how to simplify your eating habits.\\n 39. Exercise. This goes along the same lines as eating healthy, as it simplifies your life in the long run, but it goes even further: exercise helps burn off stress and makes you feel better. It’s great. Here’s how to create the exercise habit.\\n 40. Declutter before organizing. Many people make the mistake of taking a cluttered desk or filing cabinet or closet or drawer, and trying to organize it. Unfortunately, that’s not only hard to do, it keeps things complicated. Simplify the process by getting rid of as much of the junk as possible, and then organizing. If you declutter enough, you won’t need to organize at all.\\n 41. Have a place for everything. Age-old advice, but it’s the best advice on keeping things organized. After you declutter. Read more here.\\n 42. Find inner simplicity. I’m not much of a spiritual person, but I have found that spending a little time with my inner self creates a peaceful simplicity rather than a chaotic confusion. This could be time praying or communing with God, or time spent meditating or journaling or getting to know yourself, or time spent in nature. However you do it, working on your inner self is worth the time.\\n 43. Learn to decompress from stress. Every life is filled with stress — no matter how much you simplify your life, you’ll still have stress (except in the case of the ultimate simplifier, death). So after you go through stress, find ways to decompress. Here are some ideas.\\n 44. Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids. Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicating, needing not only car payments, but insurance, registration, safety inspections, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.\\n 45. Find a creative outlet for self-expression. Whether that’s writing, poetry, painting, drawing, creating movies, designing websites, dance, skateboarding, whatever. We have a need for self-expression, and finding a way to do that makes your life much more fulfilling. Allow this to replace much of the busy-work you’re eliminating from your life.\\n 46. Simplify your goals. Instead of having half a dozen goals or more, simplify it to one goal. Not only will this make you less stressed, it will make you more successful. You’ll be able to focus on that One Goal, and give it all of your energy. That gives you much better chances for success.\\n 47. Single-task. Multi-tasking is more complicated, more stressful, and generally less productive. Instead, do one task at a time.\\n 48. Simplify your filing system. Stacking a bunch of papers just doesn’t work. But a filing system doesn’t have to be complicated to be useful. Create a simple system.\\n 49. Develop equanimity. If every little thing that happens to you sends you into anger or stress, your life might never be simple. Learn to detach yourself, and be more at peace. Read more.\\n 50. Reduce your consumption of advertising. Advertising makes us want things. That’s what it’s designed to do, and it works. Find ways to reduce your exposure of advertising, whether that’s in print, online, broadcast, or elsewhere. You’ll want much less.\\n 51. Live life more deliberately. Do every task slowly, with ease, paying full attention to what you’re doing. For more, see Peaceful Simplicity: How to Live a Life of Contentment.\\n 52. Make a Most Important Tasks (MITs) list each day. Set just 3 very important things you want to accomplish each day. Don’t start with a long list of things you probably won’t get done by the end of the day. A simple list of 3 things, ones that would make you feel like you accomplished something. See this article for more.\\n 53. Create morning and evening routines. A great way to simplify your life is to create routines at the start and end of your day. Read more on morning routines and evening routines.\\n 54. Create a morning writing ritual. If you enjoy writing, like I do, make it a peaceful, productive ritual. Article here.\\n 55. Learn to do nothing. Doing nothing can be an art form, and it should be a part of every life. Read the Art of Doing Nothing.\\n 56. Read Walden, by Thoreau. The quintessential text on simplifying. Available on Wikisources for free.\\n 57. Go for quality, not quantity. Try not to have a ton of stuff in your life ... instead, have just a few possessions, but ones that you really love, and that will last for a long time.\\n 58. Read Simplify Your Life, by Elaine St. James. One of my favorite all-time authors on simplicity. Read my review here.\\n 59. Fill your day with simple pleasures. Make a list of your favorite simple pleasures, and sprinkle them throughout your day. List here.\\n 60. Simplify your RSS feeds. If you’ve got dozens of feeds, or more than a hundred (as I once did), you probably have a lot of stress in trying to keep up with them all. Simplify your feed reading. See How to Drop an RSS Feed Like a Bad Habit.\\n 61. But subscribe to Unclutterer. Probably the best blog on simplifying your stuff and routines (along with Zen Habits, of course!).\\n 62. Create an easy-to-maintain yard. If you spend too much time on your yard, here are some good tips.\\n 63. Carry less stuff. Are your pockets bulging. Consider carrying only the essentials. Some thoughts on that here.\\n 64. Simplify your online life. If you have too much going on online, here are a few ways to simplify it all. Article here.\\n 65. Strive to automate your income. This isn’t the easiest task, but it can (and has) been done. I’ve been working towards it myself. Article here.\\n 66. Simplify your budget. Many people skip budgeting (which is very important) because it’s too hard or too complicated. Read more here.\\n 67. Simplify your financial life. Article from a financial planning expert here.\\n 68. Learn to pack light. Who wants to lug a bunch of luggage around on a trip? Here’s an article on using just one carry-on.\\n 69. Use a minimalist productivity system. The minimal Zen To Done is all you need. Everything else is icing.\\n 70. Leave space around things in your day. Whether they’re appointments, or things you need to do, don’t stack them back-to-back. Leave a little space between things you need to do, so you will have room for contingencies, and you’ll go through your day much more relaxed.\\n 71. Live closer to work. This might mean getting a job closer to your home, or moving to a home closer to your work. Either will do much to simplify your life.\\n 72. Always ask: Will this simplify my life? If the answer is no, reconsider.\\n\\nPrevious post: The Cheapskate’s Bible: The Complete Tightwad Gazette\\n\\nNext post: Design Your Life: What Would You Do If You Had Nothing To Do?\\n\\n# Life-changing training programs and live experiences\\n\\n# from Zen Habits:\\n\\nTransformation, one change at a time\\n\\nFall in love with uncertainty\\n\\nFree Live Masterclass Getting Your One Thing Done\\n\\n## Join 2,000,000 breath-taking readers:\\n\\n * Twitter\\n * Facebook\\n * Patreon\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514070101/https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society, by Mira Luna\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Shareable has published many stories about the gift economy and living without money. While they're often inspiring and popular, they often bring up fear of survival. People ask, “Is this really possible for ME?” or “Will I become homeless or sick and die from poverty?” Personally, I've questioned whether living in the gift economy is realistic only for privileged, healthy people.\",\n \"And so I tracked down Brice Royer for an interview. Brice is a young, now voluntarily unemployed entrepreneur from Vancouver with stomach cancer. He not only depends on gift exchange to survive, but helps other people survive through the gift and prosthelytizes gift culture with much conviction. He recently gave a speech alongside Mayor Robertson of Vancouver on how economic inequality is bad for our health and why sharing is better. His courageous acts of generosity have sparked many others to join the gift economy movement and gained international attention.\",\n \"His story resonates deeply with many people because he shows that not only can you live your values, but life might be so much happier, healthier, and more rich, even under adverse circumstances (i.e. the worst case scenario everyone worries about). These kinds of stories can create such a dramatic psychological shift that some people (three I know personally) have changed careers to work on the new economy after hearing such stories. While not everyone can be just like Brice, he can help us take a little leap of faith that gets us all closer to an economy and culture we actually want to live in.\",\n \"Brice Royer: For me, the gift economy is about family. It's about not turning love into a business. I learned that the \\\"gift economy\\\" is just a term used by university professors to talk about what people in small towns do naturally and how ancient human societies lived. They help their families and their neighbours because they depend on one another, and it's usually a community of around 150 people. You rarely see a strong sense of community in urban cities or gated communities because there's less trust. Not surprisingly, the bigger the city and stronger the market economy, the more people are busy, stressed and isolated.\",\n \"I suddenly realized that our dependence and need of money is correlated to our isolation from our community. The more I rely on money or trade to fulfill my needs, the more disconnected I become from others. Loneliness and stress is the most underrated health factor for disease, so for me, the gift economy is an important way to reduce social stress and isolation which leads to healing. On a mid-scale, it's also a way for small businesses to reconcile and change the conversation on that inner conflict between passion and profits. On a larger scale, it's a way for politicians and social activists to reform our economic system which is at the root cause of wealth inequality leading to many social ills like climate change.\",\n \"Cancer. My doctor told me I have a stomach tumour but didn't know why. So I looked at the world's healthiest places like Ikaria Greece and Okinawa Japan with the highest concentration of centenerians to learn how they live. I was surprised that almost all have gift economies, live close to family and have a strong community. As an entrepreneur, I found this very surprising because it's the complete opposite of what we're taught in North America. We have more money and options, but we're more sick. There's something very odd about that. It wasn't until I heard of Mark Boyle, a man in the UK who lived without money who felt healthier than ever before, that I was very interested in starting this experiment to live in a gift economy.\",\n \"Last year, I began an experiment to heal myself from cancer by transitioning to a gift economy. I decided not to buy anything from strangers and impersonal companies as much as possible because I feel disconnected. It bothered me that I don't know where my food comes from! All this stress, impersonal relationships and loneliness isn't good for my health. So I decided to support and rely on my family, friends and local neighbours for my basic needs. I asked a friend, Carlos, to invite his friends so we can start a gift circle, and then met a mutual friend, Heidi Henderson who offered 1000 sq feet space at Vital Health Clinic for our first meeting where I met Peter Endisch, a programmer who offered me his car as a gift, which made the national news in Canada.\",\n \"Another friend introduced me to a farmer who has been giving me vegetables. He never asked for anything in return. Now he needs help to get a tractor, so I decided to pay it forward, he was in the news recently and we all raised $12k in one day for him. Later, he surprised me and got me in tears and decided to start a \\\"Brice Royer cancer survivor\\\" garden and will deliver food to cancer patients. It will help many of my friends who are in need. He can deliver pesticide free food to 25 people for the season for only $1000. That's $13.33 for weekly food delivery one person for the whole month, which is incredible. We are aiming to expand the free farm internationally. I'm still recovering but I wanted to share this in the hopes that it will inspire you. If anyone would like to get in touch, feel free to follow me on Facebook where I post my latest public updates on my recovery.\",\n \"I'm not sure. There's probably all sorts of reasons. Sometimes it's because they read in the news that a stranger gave me a car, or that I paid a stranger's rent for one year. These are big gifts that took a leap of faith. Other times it's because they love the idea that a cancer patient thinks he can heal himself with acts of kindness. I guess it's not often you hear stories like this! People often say to me, \\\"You're right on the mark...\\\" about the economic system. I think the truth resonates that there's something wrong with our economic system and the way we treat each other. We all want to pay it forward, but don't know if it's practical. People are looking for practical alternatives just like I am.\",\n \"What are some ways you've gotten your needs met by living in the gift and how has it changed your life?\",\n \"I feel closer to family and friends than ever before. I consume less and noticed I feel happier. It also changed the way I am thinking about meeting my needs, or meeting other people's needs. Instead of buying something, I simply ask myself a series of questions:\",\n \"I met farmers from a mutual friend who offered me a gift of food which was the first time I know where my food comes from. As a result, I felt more connected, I sleep better, and feel generally happier than I've been in the last two years. Relationships are not all fun and games though because it taught me to emotionally resilient and go the extra mile, to be real with people, instead of isolating myself with the freedom and convenience that money provides.\",\n \"Sure. Here are some examples of gifts I've received: a few people offered me accommodation, including a doctor from New Zealand and a nurse named Jane, as shown on this TV interview, a car, a speaking opportunityalongside the Mayor of Vancouver (and carrots), 100 organic vegetables, a haircut, one stranger gave me $5 for my rent (and more), health services (nutritionists, doctors, healers, massage therapists, free DNA tests from 23andme, and more), a website for the gift economy (This website is gifted and uncopyrighted. It's not mine, but I sometimes blog there).\",\n \"Here's some gifts I've given or organized, in addition to the free farm project: I paid people's dental care and someone got $700+ for her dental amalgam removal, a depressed dad gets surprised by strangers, I offered to pay a stranger's rent for a year and I shared $10k worth of stuff.\",\n \"It's very complex, like an onion with many layers. I recently talked to someone who mentioned her friend became a prostitute and the social taboo in society about it. But then I realized I am a prostitute too. What's the difference between a prostitute and a person with a regular job? If I give you a price for my time, am I not prostituting my services too? We're all prostitutes in a way, we just offer different services. Some of us are prostituting health services, legal advice, business services, and there's even the commodification of friendship nowadays. Have you heard of life coaching? As long as I'm in the market economy, then I am a prostitute too. Of course it's not our fault, it's the system we live in. It's designed that way, unless you live in a smaller community. There are many doctors who can explain the impact of our economic system on our physical health better than I can, like Dr. Gabor Mate. I highly recommend his interview on how capitalism makes us sick. Another good statistic is how wealth inequality is bad for the health of both the rich and the poor by Equality Pledge UK.\",\n \"Do you feel more or less secure living in the gift and why? How does gifting play into your sense of community?\",\n \"A lot more connected. But it fluctuates and depends on the strength, connection and proximity of my relationships with my family and friends. I generally feel more secure when I make more effort to be connected. It feels great to give to people you care about. Investing in relationships has its own set of challenges and rewards. But it's difficult to build relationships when you live in a city or in a country with wealth inequality where people are busy with day jobs. And it affects people of every social class. For example, I heard of someone who sold his company for $30 million and he was surprised at how socially isolating he feels after this sudden windfall. I often tell people it's the wealthiest of us who need to start a gift economy, to reconnect with our family, friends and community, because the poorest communities already understand the concept since they have no choice but to depend on the kindness of others out of necessity.\",\n \"Well, it began in Vancouver but it's now international. It's de-centralized, so everyone starts their own group. Now it's a community where you can learn how to start gift circle groups with your friends, coworkers, or neighbours. There are small groups for entrepreneurs, families, schools, and so on. You can join the Vancouver group and start meeting people from different countries. But I encourage people to start reconnecting with their family and friends rather than to join a website. That's often your closest gift economy. What is something you can offer that your family, neighbours or community would normally buy from you, or from a stranger? Maybe it's a camera you can share that you haven't used for a long time, or a professional service that you can offer. Once you start offering your gifts to people you trust and depend on, you're on your way to brighten someone's day and start a gift economy. If you need help, feel free to send us an email at gifteconomyvancouver@gmail.com. If you'd like to connect with me, I'm on Facebook.\",\n \"This article was printed with permission of Shareable -- an online magazine that tells the story of sharing that covers people, places, and projects bringing a shareable world to life. The author, Mira Luna, is the Organizing Director and a writer for Shareable covering grassroots economics. She is a long time social and environmental justice activist, community organizer and journalist, working to develop an alternative economy.\",\n \"We've sent daily emails for over 16 years, without any ads. Join a community of 244,609 by entering your email below.\",\n \"Trending DailyGoods May 3: Six Habits of Hope (46,125 reads) Mar 30: Our Nervous Systems in the Time of COVID (9,842 reads) Apr 6: Marina Keegan & the Opposite of Loneliness (48,607 reads) Apr 8: Hummingbirds and the Ecstatic Moment (3,595 reads) Apr 12: Merry Clayton: Beautiful Scars (3,528 reads)\",\n \"DailyGood is a portal that shares inspiring quotes and news stories that focus on the \\\"good\\\" we can find in our world daily along with a simple action to continue that goodness. Since 1999, it has delivered positive news to subscriber inboxes for free by volunteers every day.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society, by Mira\\nLuna\\n\\n * Home | About Us | News | Quotes | Subscribe\\n * Get Involved\\n\\n * Generosity\\n * Everyday Heroes\\n * Nature\\n * Work\\n * Science & Tech\\n * Mind & Body\\n * Business\\n\\nHome > News > Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and\\nSociety\\n\\n20877 reads \\n--- \\n \\nRemember that the happiest people are not those getting more, but those giving\\nmore. --H. Jackson Brown, Jr. \\n--- \\n \\n# Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society\\n\\n\\\\--by Mira Luna, syndicated from shareable.net, May 25, 2015\\n\\nShareable has published many stories about the gift economy and living without\\nmoney. While they're often inspiring and popular, they often bring up fear of\\nsurvival. People ask, “Is this really possible for ME?” or “Will I become\\nhomeless or sick and die from poverty?” Personally, I've questioned whether\\nliving in the gift economy is realistic only for privileged, healthy people.\\n\\nAnd so I tracked down Brice Royer for an interview. Brice is a young, now\\nvoluntarily unemployed entrepreneur from Vancouver with stomach cancer. He not\\nonly depends on gift exchange to survive, but helps other people survive\\nthrough the gift and prosthelytizes gift culture with much conviction. He\\nrecently gave a speech alongside Mayor Robertson of Vancouver on how economic\\ninequality is bad for our health and why sharing is better. His courageous\\nacts of generosity have sparked many others to join the gift economy movement\\nand gained international attention.\\n\\nHis story resonates deeply with many people because he shows that not only can\\nyou live your values, but life might be so much happier, healthier, and more\\nrich, even under adverse circumstances (i.e. the worst case scenario everyone\\nworries about). These kinds of stories can create such a dramatic\\npsychological shift that some people (three I know personally) have changed\\ncareers to work on the new economy after hearing such stories. While not\\neveryone can be just like Brice, he can help us take a little leap of faith\\nthat gets us all closer to an economy and culture we actually want to live in.\\n\\nBrice Royer gives a speech alongside the Mayor of Vancouver\\n\\nMira Luna: What does gift economy mean to you?\\n\\nBrice Royer: For me, the gift economy is about family. It's about not turning\\nlove into a business. I learned that the \\\"gift economy\\\" is just a term used by\\nuniversity professors to talk about what people in small towns do naturally\\nand how ancient human societies lived. They help their families and their\\nneighbours because they depend on one another, and it's usually a community of\\naround 150 people. You rarely see a strong sense of community in urban cities\\nor gated communities because there's less trust. Not surprisingly, the bigger\\nthe city and stronger the market economy, the more people are busy, stressed\\nand isolated.\\n\\nI suddenly realized that our dependence and need of money is correlated to our\\nisolation from our community. The more I rely on money or trade to fulfill my\\nneeds, the more disconnected I become from others. Loneliness and stress is\\nthe most underrated health factor for disease, so for me, the gift economy is\\nan important way to reduce social stress and isolation which leads to healing.\\nOn a mid-scale, it's also a way for small businesses to reconcile and change\\nthe conversation on that inner conflict between passion and profits. On a\\nlarger scale, it's a way for politicians and social activists to reform our\\neconomic system which is at the root cause of wealth inequality leading to\\nmany social ills like climate change.\\n\\nWhat brought to you to the gift economy?\\n\\nCancer. My doctor told me I have a stomach tumour but didn't know why. So I\\nlooked at the world's healthiest places like Ikaria Greece and Okinawa Japan\\nwith the highest concentration of centenerians to learn how they live. I was\\nsurprised that almost all have gift economies, live close to family and have a\\nstrong community. As an entrepreneur, I found this very surprising because\\nit's the complete opposite of what we're taught in North America. We have more\\nmoney and options, but we're more sick. There's something very odd about that.\\nIt wasn't until I heard of Mark Boyle, a man in the UK who lived without money\\nwho felt healthier than ever before, that I was very interested in starting\\nthis experiment to live in a gift economy.\\n\\nLast year, I began an experiment to heal myself from cancer by transitioning\\nto a gift economy. I decided not to buy anything from strangers and impersonal\\ncompanies as much as possible because I feel disconnected. It bothered me that\\nI don't know where my food comes from! All this stress, impersonal\\nrelationships and loneliness isn't good for my health. So I decided to support\\nand rely on my family, friends and local neighbours for my basic needs. I\\nasked a friend, Carlos, to invite his friends so we can start a gift circle,\\nand then met a mutual friend, Heidi Henderson who offered 1000 sq feet space\\nat Vital Health Clinic for our first meeting where I met Peter Endisch, a\\nprogrammer who offered me his car as a gift, which made the national news in\\nCanada.\\n\\nBrice fundraises for a tractor for local farmer to help give food to cancer\\npatients\\n\\nAnother friend introduced me to a farmer who has been giving me vegetables. He\\nnever asked for anything in return. Now he needs help to get a tractor, so I\\ndecided to pay it forward, he was in the news recently and we all raised $12k\\nin one day for him. Later, he surprised me and got me in tears and decided to\\nstart a \\\"Brice Royer cancer survivor\\\" garden and will deliver food to cancer\\npatients. It will help many of my friends who are in need. He can deliver\\npesticide free food to 25 people for the season for only $1000. That's $13.33\\nfor weekly food delivery one person for the whole month, which is incredible.\\nWe are aiming to expand the free farm internationally. I'm still recovering\\nbut I wanted to share this in the hopes that it will inspire you. If anyone\\nwould like to get in touch, feel free to follow me on Facebook where I post my\\nlatest public updates on my recovery.\\n\\nWhy do you think so many people and the media are drawn to your story?\\n\\nI'm not sure. There's probably all sorts of reasons. Sometimes it's because\\nthey read in the news that a stranger gave me a car, or that I paid a\\nstranger's rent for one year. These are big gifts that took a leap of faith.\\nOther times it's because they love the idea that a cancer patient thinks he\\ncan heal himself with acts of kindness. I guess it's not often you hear\\nstories like this! People often say to me, \\\"You're right on the mark...\\\" about\\nthe economic system. I think the truth resonates that there's something wrong\\nwith our economic system and the way we treat each other. We all want to pay\\nit forward, but don't know if it's practical. People are looking for practical\\nalternatives just like I am.\\n\\nWhat are some ways you've gotten your needs met by living in the gift and how\\nhas it changed your life?\\n\\nI feel closer to family and friends than ever before. I consume less and\\nnoticed I feel happier. It also changed the way I am thinking about meeting my\\nneeds, or meeting other people's needs. Instead of buying something, I simply\\nask myself a series of questions:\\n\\n1\\\\. \\\"Do I really need this?\\\"\\n\\n2\\\\. \\\"Is there a sustainable alternative?\\\"\\n\\n3\\\\. \\\"Do I have a family member or friend who provides this service or\\nproduct?\\\"\\n\\nI met farmers from a mutual friend who offered me a gift of food which was the\\nfirst time I know where my food comes from. As a result, I felt more\\nconnected, I sleep better, and feel generally happier than I've been in the\\nlast two years. Relationships are not all fun and games though because it\\ntaught me to emotionally resilient and go the extra mile, to be real with\\npeople, instead of isolating myself with the freedom and convenience that\\nmoney provides.\\n\\nCan you give me some more specific examples of things you've exchanged?\\n\\nSure. Here are some examples of gifts I've received: a few people offered me\\naccommodation, including a doctor from New Zealand and a nurse named Jane, as\\nshown on this TV interview, a car, a speaking opportunityalongside the Mayor\\nof Vancouver (and carrots), 100 organic vegetables, a haircut, one stranger\\ngave me $5 for my rent (and more), health services (nutritionists, doctors,\\nhealers, massage therapists, free DNA tests from 23andme, and more), a website\\nfor the gift economy (This website is gifted and uncopyrighted. It's not mine,\\nbut I sometimes blog there).\\n\\nHere's some gifts I've given or organized, in addition to the free farm\\nproject: I paid people's dental care and someone got $700+ for her dental\\namalgam removal, a depressed dad gets surprised by strangers, I offered to pay\\na stranger's rent for a year and I shared $10k worth of stuff.\\n\\nBrice received massage and organic vegetables, which he shared with neighbors\\n\\nWhat impact do you believe the economic system has on mental and physical\\nhealth?\\n\\nIt's very complex, like an onion with many layers. I recently talked to\\nsomeone who mentioned her friend became a prostitute and the social taboo in\\nsociety about it. But then I realized I am a prostitute too. What's the\\ndifference between a prostitute and a person with a regular job? If I give you\\na price for my time, am I not prostituting my services too? We're all\\nprostitutes in a way, we just offer different services. Some of us are\\nprostituting health services, legal advice, business services, and there's\\neven the commodification of friendship nowadays. Have you heard of life\\ncoaching? As long as I'm in the market economy, then I am a prostitute too. Of\\ncourse it's not our fault, it's the system we live in. It's designed that way,\\nunless you live in a smaller community. There are many doctors who can explain\\nthe impact of our economic system on our physical health better than I can,\\nlike Dr. Gabor Mate. I highly recommend his interview on how capitalism makes\\nus sick. Another good statistic is how wealth inequality is bad for the health\\nof both the rich and the poor by Equality Pledge UK.\\n\\nDo you feel more or less secure living in the gift and why? How does gifting\\nplay into your sense of community?\\n\\nA lot more connected. But it fluctuates and depends on the strength,\\nconnection and proximity of my relationships with my family and friends. I\\ngenerally feel more secure when I make more effort to be connected. It feels\\ngreat to give to people you care about. Investing in relationships has its own\\nset of challenges and rewards. But it's difficult to build relationships when\\nyou live in a city or in a country with wealth inequality where people are\\nbusy with day jobs. And it affects people of every social class. For example,\\nI heard of someone who sold his company for $30 million and he was surprised\\nat how socially isolating he feels after this sudden windfall. I often tell\\npeople it's the wealthiest of us who need to start a gift economy, to\\nreconnect with our family, friends and community, because the poorest\\ncommunities already understand the concept since they have no choice but to\\ndepend on the kindness of others out of necessity.\\n\\nWhat is Gift Economy Vancouver and how can someone get involved in their own\\ncommunity?\\n\\nVideo about Gift Economy Vancouver\\n\\nWell, it began in Vancouver but it's now international. It's de-centralized,\\nso everyone starts their own group. Now it's a community where you can learn\\nhow to start gift circle groups with your friends, coworkers, or neighbours.\\nThere are small groups for entrepreneurs, families, schools, and so on. You\\ncan join the Vancouver group and start meeting people from different\\ncountries. But I encourage people to start reconnecting with their family and\\nfriends rather than to join a website. That's often your closest gift economy.\\nWhat is something you can offer that your family, neighbours or community\\nwould normally buy from you, or from a stranger? Maybe it's a camera you can\\nshare that you haven't used for a long time, or a professional service that\\nyou can offer. Once you start offering your gifts to people you trust and\\ndepend on, you're on your way to brighten someone's day and start a gift\\neconomy. If you need help, feel free to send us an email at\\ngifteconomyvancouver@gmail.com. If you'd like to connect with me, I'm on\\nFacebook.\\n\\nDo you have any other resources you'd like to share?\\n\\nYou can take the Gift Economy Challenge and here are our most popular\\narticles:\\n\\nThe Surprising Link Between Extreme Longevity and High Unemployment Rate\\n\\nGift Economy for Business Owners: the $40 Billion Enterprise?\\n\\nHow to Start a Gift Circle\\n\\nThis article was printed with permission of Shareable -- an online magazine\\nthat tells the story of sharing that covers people, places, and projects\\nbringing a shareable world to life. The author, Mira Luna, is the Organizing\\nDirector and a writer for Shareable covering grassroots economics. She is a\\nlong time social and environmental justice activist, community organizer and\\njournalist, working to develop an alternative economy.\\n\\nPrint\\n\\nLoved This? Pass It On!\\n\\n#### Check These Out Next\\n\\nMarina Keegan & The Opposite of Loneliness| Erich Fromm's Six Rules of\\nListening| Wonder: When & Why The World Appears Radiant| A 19-Year-Old's Book\\nOf Untranslatable Words \\n---|---|---|--- \\n \\n#### More Articles From www.shareable.net\\n\\nValues and the Sharing Economy| How One Woman's Food Redistribution App is\\nFeeding Thousands| The Library of Things: Sharing More Than Books| Pay-As-You-\\nFeel Cafe Feeds Thousands on Food Waste \\n---|---|---|--- \\n \\nRead More\\n\\nQuote Bulletin\\n\\nLittle girls with dreams become women with vision. Unknown\\n\\nSearch by keyword: Happiness, Wisdom, Work, Science, Technology, Meditation,\\nJoy, Love, Success, Education, Relationships, Life\\n\\nContribute To Upcoming Stories\\n\\n# Subscribe to DailyGood\\n\\nWe've sent daily emails for over 16 years, without any ads. Join a community\\nof 244,609 by entering your email below.\\n\\n * Email:\\n\\nSubscribe Unsubscribe?\\n\\nTrending DailyGoods May 3: Six Habits of Hope (46,125 reads) Mar 30: Our\\nNervous Systems in the Time of COVID (9,842 reads) Apr 6: Marina Keegan & the\\nOpposite of Loneliness (48,607 reads) Apr 8: Hummingbirds and the Ecstatic\\nMoment (3,595 reads) Apr 12: Merry Clayton: Beautiful Scars (3,528 reads)\\n\\nMore ...\\n\\nRelated DailyGoods\\n\\nMar 17: The One Most Important Thing You Can Do Right Now Nov 5: What Focusing\\non the Breath Does to Your Brain Feb 13: The Wonder of the Universe is\\nWondering in Us Apr 2: How to Strengthen Your Inner Shield\\n\\n \\n--- \\n \\n# About Us\\n\\nDailyGood is a portal that shares inspiring quotes and news stories that focus\\non the \\\"good\\\" we can find in our world daily along with a simple action to\\ncontinue that goodness. Since 1999, it has delivered positive news to\\nsubscriber inboxes for free by volunteers every day.\\n\\n# Other Projects by ServiceSpace\\n\\nAwakinConversationsKindSpringKarmaKitchenKarmaTubeCF SitesPledgePagePropoor\\n\\nShare\\n\\nCopyright DailyGood 2020 | contact us\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":395,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":176209,"string":"176,209"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Choose Knitting Yarn"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"If you aren’t sure what knitting yarn to choose, check your pattern for the best recommended gauge, weight, and drape for your project. Alternatively, try visiting your local craft store and asking if they have any project samples for you to see. Be sure to ask questions at the store like “What needle size should I use with this yarn?” or “Is this yarn easy to work with?”. Finally, remember that using higher quality yarn will usually result in a higher quality product, so bear this in mind when considering price."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20210803202912/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools","http://web.archive.org/web/20160715102502/http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20160823103911/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping","http://web.archive.org/web/20160805191020/http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210519032159/https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20160823110942/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2014/04/choosing-a-yarn-for-knitting-crochet"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210803202912/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160715102502/http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823103911/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160805191020/http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210519032159/https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823110942/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2014/04/choosing-a-yarn-for-knitting-crochet\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":1822,"string":"1,822"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210803202912/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools","parsed_text":{"title":"Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby","passages":["If you choose your yarn wisely, you can knit your own jumper for £25. Here are five of the best British wools for less than £6","Knitting is no longer the cheaper option, says the Invisible Woman in her lovely, nostalgic piece this week about the Fashion and Textile Museum’s new knitwear exhibition. Well, if you’re trying to pay the least possible for a piece of clothing, the high street can sell you a machine-knitted jumper for under a tenner. But if you’d like the satisfaction of making your own, you needn’t spend much more than £25. And that would be for 100% British wool, grown, spun, dyed and sold in this country. My latest handknit, a cardigan, cost me £12 in wool direct from the working mills at the Welsh National Wool Museum – the buttons, from a local craft shop, were nearly as much.","A common misconception about knitting (and crocheting) today is that it is an expensive hobby, best left to those who are well-off in terms of money and spare time. If you have the budget, you could of course spend £100 making a jumper from luxury blends of cashmere and silk. Use possum or yak and you could double, even treble, that price tag (though even then it would be cheaper than a designer knit).","But that is not the full picture. Whether you are choosing machine-washable acrylics (still very much for sale in many chemists, pound shops and indoor markets around the country, let alone haberdasheries, wool shops or big chains such as Hobbycraft) or pure wool, you can easily make the kind of “portable hug” that the Invisible Woman speaks so movingly about.","And while you’re at it, you could make sure the affordable yarn you choose supports the British wool industry, which is re-entering the market from all directions – from Harris tweed on the catwalk to wool insulation in your roof – and is being celebrated during Wool Week (5-12 October). Over to Louise Scollay of the KnitBritish blog, which has been at the forefront of promoting affordable, British wool.","“When I look at my blog stats, I am often surprised by some of the search terms that lead people to my blog – often phrases such as ‘Why is British wool so expensive?’ ‘Where can I find cheap British wool?’ British wool yarn isn’t a high-priced, rare product that you need to seek out from specialist sellers. Even commercial yarn companies, such as Wendy and King Cole, are recognising that there is a wealth of wool in the UK and knitters want to use it. Wendy Ramsdale, a masham wool that carries the British wool mark, was launched recently. It is available widely through online shops and general craft stores,priced at just over £3. It illustrates that yarn companies are aware how discerning knitters are when it comes to the wool they buy, and also the kind of budgets people have.”","Though there may not be the same culture of knitting as there was during the make-do-and-mend heyday, it has been transformed by the advent of Ravelry, a social site for knitters, crocheters and weavers, which provides a place to share and talk about your craft, and to learn from others, wherever they are in the world. With nearly 4.5 million Ravellers, that could be anywhere from Azerbaijan to round the corner. The site can also be a democratic platform for knitwear designers: create a great pattern, ask willing knitters to test it, and begin a new career that could lead you into the Fashion and Textile Museum by a different route.","I would love to take the Invisible Woman to a knitting group or a wool festival and show her all the knitters out there. Knitting is a craft loved and practised by millions. And if she continues with her rediscovered hobby, I hope she tries some inexpensive British wool for her next new project.","The mill at the world heritage site uses wool from seven different British sheep breeds. Soft and woolly with tweedy flecks, this yarn is great for everything from mitts to sweaters.","A primitive breed, Shetland fleece. Loved by knitters worldwide, this makes a very fine hand-knitting wool perfect for shawls and fair-isle knitting.","Hugely popular yarns in various weights that suit a variety of knitters’ needs, from single-breed wool to washable blends and fantastic sock yarns.","Available in 4ply & DK and a new vintage 3ply weight, this yarn is a blend of Exmoor and Bluefaced Leicester. Soft, lustrous and luxurious, this wool, reared and spun in Devon, is a real touch of class.","There is more to UK-grown fibre than sheep. The UK Alpaca Superfine range blends 70% UK alpaca with Bluefaced Leicester wool to create an incredibly soft, strong and lofty knitting yarn.","Commenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back","Commenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back"]},"parsed_md":"Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby | Knitting | The Guardian\n\nSkip to main content Skip to navigation\n\nAdvertisement\n\n * International edition\n * UK edition\n * US edition\n * Australian edition\n\nThe Guardian - Back to home\n\nSearch jobs\n\nSign inSearch\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Health & fitness\n * Home & garden\n * Women\n * Men\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\nFashion blogKnitting\n\n# Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby\n\nIf you choose your yarn wisely, you can knit your own jumper for £25. Here are\nfive of the best British wools for less than £6\n\nKnitting needles and yarn. Photograph: Alamy\n\nKnitting needles and yarn. Photograph: Alamy\n\nAmelia Hodsdon\n\nLast modified on Wed 23 Sep 2020 15.19 BST\n\nKnitting is no longer the cheaper option, says the Invisible Woman in her\nlovely, nostalgic piece this week about the Fashion and Textile Museum’s new\nknitwear exhibition. Well, if you’re trying to pay the least possible for a\npiece of clothing, the high street can sell you a machine-knitted jumper for\nunder a tenner. But if you’d like the satisfaction of making your own, you\nneedn’t spend much more than £25. And that would be for 100% British wool,\ngrown, spun, dyed and sold in this country. My latest handknit, a cardigan,\ncost me £12 in wool direct from the working mills at the Welsh National Wool\nMuseum – the buttons, from a local craft shop, were nearly as much.\n\nA common misconception about knitting (and crocheting) today is that it is an\nexpensive hobby, best left to those who are well-off in terms of money and\nspare time. If you have the budget, you could of course spend £100 making a\njumper from luxury blends of cashmere and silk. Use possum or yak and you\ncould double, even treble, that price tag (though even then it would be\ncheaper than a designer knit).\n\nBut that is not the full picture. Whether you are choosing machine-washable\nacrylics (still very much for sale in many chemists, pound shops and indoor\nmarkets around the country, let alone haberdasheries, wool shops or big chains\nsuch as Hobbycraft) or pure wool, you can easily make the kind of “portable\nhug” that the Invisible Woman speaks so movingly about.\n\nThe Isle Of Harris Knitwear Company shop at Grosebay, Isle of Harris, The\nOuter Hebrides, Scotland, UK. Photograph: Murdo Macleod\n\nAnd while you’re at it, you could make sure the affordable yarn you choose\nsupports the British wool industry, which is re-entering the market from all\ndirections – from Harris tweed on the catwalk to wool insulation in your roof\n– and is being celebrated during Wool Week (5-12 October). Over to Louise\nScollay of the KnitBritish blog, which has been at the forefront of promoting\naffordable, British wool.\n\n“When I look at my blog stats, I am often surprised by some of the search\nterms that lead people to my blog – often phrases such as ‘Why is British wool\nso expensive?’ ‘Where can I find cheap British wool?’ British wool yarn isn’t\na high-priced, rare product that you need to seek out from specialist sellers.\nEven commercial yarn companies, such as Wendy and King Cole, are recognising\nthat there is a wealth of wool in the UK and knitters want to use it. Wendy\nRamsdale, a masham wool that carries the British wool mark, was launched\nrecently. It is available widely through online shops and general craft\nstores,priced at just over £3. It illustrates that yarn companies are aware\nhow discerning knitters are when it comes to the wool they buy, and also the\nkind of budgets people have.”\n\nThough there may not be the same culture of knitting as there was during the\nmake-do-and-mend heyday, it has been transformed by the advent of Ravelry, a\nsocial site for knitters, crocheters and weavers, which provides a place to\nshare and talk about your craft, and to learn from others, wherever they are\nin the world. With nearly 4.5 million Ravellers, that could be anywhere from\nAzerbaijan to round the corner. The site can also be a democratic platform for\nknitwear designers: create a great pattern, ask willing knitters to test it,\nand begin a new career that could lead you into the Fashion and Textile Museum\nby a different route.\n\nI would love to take the Invisible Woman to a knitting group or a wool\nfestival and show her all the knitters out there. Knitting is a craft loved\nand practised by millions. And if she continues with her rediscovered hobby, I\nhope she tries some inexpensive British wool for her next new project.\n\n## Louise Scollay’s five great British wools under £6\n\nNew Lanark wool & silk yarn, from £3.50/50g\n\nThe mill at the world heritage site uses wool from seven different British\nsheep breeds. Soft and woolly with tweedy flecks, this yarn is great for\neverything from mitts to sweaters.\n\nJamieson & Smith, £2.75/25g\n\nA primitive breed, Shetland fleece. Loved by knitters worldwide, this makes a\nvery fine hand-knitting wool perfect for shawls and fair-isle knitting.\n\nWest Yorkshire Spinners, from £4.50/100g\n\nHugely popular yarns in various weights that suit a variety of knitters’\nneeds, from single-breed wool to washable blends and fantastic sock yarns.\n\nExcelana, from £4\n\nAvailable in 4ply & DK and a new vintage 3ply weight, this yarn is a blend of\nExmoor and Bluefaced Leicester. Soft, lustrous and luxurious, this wool,\nreared and spun in Devon, is a real touch of class.\n\nUK Alpaca, from £5.95\n\nThere is more to UK-grown fibre than sheep. The UK Alpaca Superfine range\nblends 70% UK alpaca with Bluefaced Leicester wool to create an incredibly\nsoft, strong and lofty knitting yarn.\n\nTopics\n\n * Knitting\n * Fashion blog\n\n * Craft\n * blogposts\n\nReuse this content\n\n## comments (...)\n\nCommenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create\nyour Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\n\n## comments (...)\n\nCommenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create\nyour Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\n\n * News\n * Opinion\n * Sport\n * Culture\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Contact us\n * Complaints & corrections\n * SecureDrop\n * Work for us\n * Privacy policy\n * Cookie policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * Help\n\n * All topics\n * All writers\n * Digital newspaper archive\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Twitter\n * Newsletters\n\n * Advertise with us\n * Search UK jobs\n\nBack to top\n\n© 2021 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights\nreserved. (modern)\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160715102502/http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project","passages":["Yarns, garment shapes, and stitch patterns must work together for your knitting project to be successful. If you plan to knit a scarf or a blanket, go ahead and let the yarn you fall in love with dictate the outcome of your project. However, if you plan to make a sweater, using a sweater pattern as your starting point is the simplest way to get going on a project. You can purchase the yarn specified in the pattern or something similar enough (check with a knowledgeable salesperson) to ensure that the completed garment will look like the one in the picture.","If an irresistible yarn is your starting point and you want to make a sweater, find a pattern written especially for the kind of yarn you've chosen and hope that you like the style. Another option is to select a pattern calling for another yarn that works up to the same gauge as the yarn you've chosen. If the pattern you've chosen expects you to get 4 stitches and 6 rows to the inch and your yarn gives you something different, your sweater will turn out a different size than the one given in the pattern.","Gauge (sometimes called 'tension' is listed at the beginning of a pattern before the instructions proper begin. It's given as a number of stitches and rows over 4 square inches or 10 square centimeters. It also tells what needle and what stitch pattern were used to determine the gauge.","Just because two yarns have the same gauge doesn't mean that they can substitute for each other successfully in a given pattern. If they have different characteristics — texture, drape, fiber, and color — the final garment will look and feel different from the one pictured on your pattern.","It isn't easy to predict what yarn in a ball will look like when it's knitted up. This is especially true of novelty yarns. Jewel-colored hanks may look beautiful when displayed in a basket, but like mush when knitted up. Even plainer traditional yarns can surprise you. Their drape and feel will vary greatly depending on how tightly spun they are, the fiber they're made of, and the dye used to color them.","Check to see whether the yarns you're interested in have been knitted into a sample. Many yarn shops knit up sample swatches or entire sweaters in the yarns they carry so that you can see what they look like worked up.","If you want to work cables and stitch patterns, a smooth plied yarn in a solid color gives your stitches a crisp look, showcasing your effort. Cables and pattern stitches worked in soft single plies have a slightly softer appearance than when worked in highly twisted yarns. In general, plied and twisted yarns are sophisticated and classic. Single plies are rustic and relaxed.","Yarn consists of one or more strands of yarn called plies. Plied yarns are made from several plies of yarn twisted together. The thickness of a given yarn is determined not by the number of plies, but by their individual thickness. If the plies are thin, a 4-ply yarn can be finer than a heavy single-ply yarn.","If color is what you're after, a simple stockinette sweater knitted up in a colorful hand-painted or sparkling novelty yarn will make a knock-out sweater with relatively little knitting effort. Simple stitch patterns are best. Don't knock yourself out with tricky stitch work if you're using a variegated yarn. The texture won't show up, and all your stitch-making effort will be for naught.","If you love Fair Isle patterns, smooth plied yarns in contrasting colors give you clear and readable patterns. But don't overlook the possibilities of using a hand-painted yarn as one of your colored yarns. A variegated yarn in a single color that shades from light to dark has the subtlety of a watercolor.","Some novelty yarns can be tricky to work with. If you're dying to work with a novelty yarn, start with a variegated dyed or painted simple plied yarn. These give lots of color variation and interest, but the strand of yarn is itself easy to see. Identifying individual stitches in highly textured yarns is difficult if not impossible, making it hard to fix mistakes or rip out stitches.","The wilder the yarn, the simpler the sweater shape and pattern stitch should be. The plainer the yarn, the more texture and shaping details will show up.","For cotton, silk, and other yarns that are inelastic, look for patterns that don't depend on rib for fit. Find patterns that hang straight to highlight the drape of these yarns.","If you have your heart set on a cotton sweater with a ribbed border and you want the ribbing to pull in and not hang straight, ask the people at your yarn shop whether they have an elastic thread that you can work along with your regular yarn in the rib or edging pattern.","If you shop in a specialty yarn store, chances are that the people who work there have experience with their yarns and with knitting in general. They're there to help you and encourage you. Feel free to ask questions about the yarn you're considering for your project. Here are some good questions to keep in mind:","Whatever yarn you choose, remember that you're going to be seeing a lot of it. Hundreds of yards of it will be passing through your fingers as you build — stitch by stitch — your knitted project. Make sure that what you choose is worth your effort. You don't always have to spend more money for good quality, but if you do, you'll save yourself a headache or two, and you'll have a beautiful garment or project to show for your effort.","Learn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up on your sports knowledge for the upcoming season."]},"parsed_md":"Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project - For Dummies\n\nSee All Topics\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Health & Fitness\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n * Games\n\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n\n * Coin Collecting\n * How To Crochet\n * How To Knit\n * How To Quilt\n * Paper Crafting\n * How To Scrapbook\n * How To Sew\n * Holiday Crafts\n * Jewelry Making & Beading For Dummies Extras\n * How To Knit\n\n * Fixing Mistakes\n * Hand-Dyeing Yarn\n * Hand-Spinning Yarn\n * Knitting For Dummies Extras\n * Needles & Yarn\n * Projects\n * Stitches & Designs\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\n * Needles & Yarn\n\nHow to Wind a Hank of Yarn\n\n|\n\nHow to Join the Round on a Circular Needle\n\n|\n\nTypes of Yarn Fibers \n \n---|---|--- \n \n# Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project\n\nYarns, garment shapes, and stitch patterns must work together for your\nknitting project to be successful. If you plan to knit a scarf or a blanket,\ngo ahead and let the yarn you fall in love with dictate the outcome of your\nproject. However, if you plan to make a sweater, using a sweater pattern as\nyour starting point is the simplest way to get going on a project. You can\npurchase the yarn specified in the pattern or something similar enough (check\nwith a knowledgeable salesperson) to ensure that the completed garment will\nlook like the one in the picture.\n\n## The gauge of yarn\n\nIf an irresistible yarn is your starting point and you want to make a sweater,\nfind a pattern written especially for the kind of yarn you've chosen and hope\nthat you like the style. Another option is to select a pattern calling for\nanother yarn that works up to the same gauge as the yarn you've chosen. If the\npattern you've chosen expects you to get 4 stitches and 6 rows to the inch and\nyour yarn gives you something different, your sweater will turn out a\ndifferent size than the one given in the pattern.\n\nGauge (sometimes called 'tension' is listed at the beginning of a pattern\nbefore the instructions proper begin. It's given as a number of stitches and\nrows over 4 square inches or 10 square centimeters. It also tells what needle\nand what stitch pattern were used to determine the gauge.\n\nJust because two yarns have the same gauge doesn't mean that they can\nsubstitute for each other successfully in a given pattern. If they have\ndifferent characteristics — texture, drape, fiber, and color — the final\ngarment will look and feel different from the one pictured on your pattern.\n\nIt isn't easy to predict what yarn in a ball will look like when it's knitted\nup. This is especially true of novelty yarns. Jewel-colored hanks may look\nbeautiful when displayed in a basket, but like mush when knitted up. Even\nplainer traditional yarns can surprise you. Their drape and feel will vary\ngreatly depending on how tightly spun they are, the fiber they're made of, and\nthe dye used to color them.\n\nCheck to see whether the yarns you're interested in have been knitted into a\nsample. Many yarn shops knit up sample swatches or entire sweaters in the\nyarns they carry so that you can see what they look like worked up.\n\n## Texture and color of yarn\n\nIf you want to work cables and stitch patterns, a smooth plied yarn in a solid\ncolor gives your stitches a crisp look, showcasing your effort. Cables and\npattern stitches worked in soft single plies have a slightly softer appearance\nthan when worked in highly twisted yarns. In general, plied and twisted yarns\nare sophisticated and classic. Single plies are rustic and relaxed.\n\nYarn consists of one or more strands of yarn called plies. Plied yarns are\nmade from several plies of yarn twisted together. The thickness of a given\nyarn is determined not by the number of plies, but by their individual\nthickness. If the plies are thin, a 4-ply yarn can be finer than a heavy\nsingle-ply yarn.\n\nIf color is what you're after, a simple stockinette sweater knitted up in a\ncolorful hand-painted or sparkling novelty yarn will make a knock-out sweater\nwith relatively little knitting effort. Simple stitch patterns are best. Don't\nknock yourself out with tricky stitch work if you're using a variegated yarn.\nThe texture won't show up, and all your stitch-making effort will be for\nnaught.\n\nIf you love Fair Isle patterns, smooth plied yarns in contrasting colors give\nyou clear and readable patterns. But don't overlook the possibilities of using\na hand-painted yarn as one of your colored yarns. A variegated yarn in a\nsingle color that shades from light to dark has the subtlety of a watercolor.\n\nSome novelty yarns can be tricky to work with. If you're dying to work with a\nnovelty yarn, start with a variegated dyed or painted simple plied yarn. These\ngive lots of color variation and interest, but the strand of yarn is itself\neasy to see. Identifying individual stitches in highly textured yarns is\ndifficult if not impossible, making it hard to fix mistakes or rip out\nstitches.\n\nThe wilder the yarn, the simpler the sweater shape and pattern stitch should\nbe. The plainer the yarn, the more texture and shaping details will show up.\n\n## Fiber content of yarn\n\nFor cotton, silk, and other yarns that are inelastic, look for patterns that\ndon't depend on rib for fit. Find patterns that hang straight to highlight the\ndrape of these yarns.\n\nIf you have your heart set on a cotton sweater with a ribbed border and you\nwant the ribbing to pull in and not hang straight, ask the people at your yarn\nshop whether they have an elastic thread that you can work along with your\nregular yarn in the rib or edging pattern.\n\nIf you shop in a specialty yarn store, chances are that the people who work\nthere have experience with their yarns and with knitting in general. They're\nthere to help you and encourage you. Feel free to ask questions about the yarn\nyou're considering for your project. Here are some good questions to keep in\nmind:\n\n * Does it pill?\n\n * Is it colorfast?\n\n * Will it stretch?\n\n * Is it easy to knit with?\n\n * Does it work with the pattern I've chosen?\n\n * What size needle will it work best with?\n\nWhatever yarn you choose, remember that you're going to be seeing a lot of it.\nHundreds of yards of it will be passing through your fingers as you build —\nstitch by stitch — your knitted project. Make sure that what you choose is\nworth your effort. You don't always have to spend more money for good quality,\nbut if you do, you'll save yourself a headache or two, and you'll have a\nbeautiful garment or project to show for your effort.\n\n * Add a Comment\n * Print\n * Share\n\n#### Recommends\n\n#### Promoted Stories From Around The Web\n\nCOMMENTS »\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\nHow Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size\n\nTypes of Knitting Needles\n\nHow to Join the Round on Double-Pointed Needles\n\nHow to Read Yarn Labels\n\nLooking at Different Kinds of Knitting Needles\n\n#### Featured Book\n\nKnitting For Dummies, 3rd Edition\n\nUS $24.99 Add To Cart\n\n#### More For Dummies\n\nOnline Test Banks\n\nBrowse Online Courses\n\nExplore Mobile Apps\n\nShop for Books and More\n\n#### Newsletters\n\n##### Games, Hobbies & Sports\n\nLearn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up\non your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\n\nMore Newsletters »\n\nAbout us\n\n * About For Dummies\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Advertise with Us\n * Manage Your E-Mail Newsletters\n * Help\n\n|\n\nMore From Dummies\n\n * Mobile Site\n * My Account\n * Dummies B2B Services\n * Online Test Banks\n * eLearning\n * Mobile Apps\n * Dummies Store\n * Sweepstakes\n\n|\n\nTopics A-Z\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Games\n * Health & Fitness\n\n|\n\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n\n \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright © 2016 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823103911/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping","parsed_text":{"title":"Choosing Yarn: Test the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch","passages":["In knitting when we think about yarn substitution, most of us are guilty of just matching the gauge and moving on. It doesn't matter how that gauge looks to us, even if the stitches look like they're packed in there tightly. If we get the correct amount of stitches per inch, we're happy.","This usually works out for us if we're knitting something like a tech case. But what if it's a wearable? Things can go wrong in ways you never expected when you don't consider draping while choosing yarn for your project.","Think about loose drapes, like light, airy mohair shawls. Or how about something that barely has drape at all, like a super bulky-weight knit in a gauge so tiny the stitches have nowhere to go and therefore stand at attention?","This shawl was knit with an alpaca-silk blend (yummy!) and a merino lace edging. Notice how it gathers and falls around the neck and shoulders. Let's say you want to substitute this yarn for something in your stash of the same weight. The weight matches, and you've managed to achieve the same gauge as the pattern. So does that make it a good substitution? Eh, not exactly. If your yarn sub is made of something a bit stiffer (say, a wool for example) then your shawl is not going to tuck and roll like the one in this photo. It might actually stand straight up instead.","There are a couple of things you can do to avoid completing a 20+ hour project only to find the drape makes it totally unwearable.","Search online to find knitters who have used the yarn you're thinking about using as a substitution. If they made an item similar to the one you want to make, even better! Notice how the yarn drapes in the photos. Do you like it?","Knitting a larger swatch has a lot of advantages, and draping is one of them. If you just knit the usual 4\" x 4\" swatch, you can't tell much about it. Knitting a larger swatch not only gives you a more accurate gauge measurement, but it also makes the draping much more obvious. A small, lightweight swatch isn't going to show off the drape, especially if that little swatch is going to turn into something like a big, cozy sweater.","Don't just measure your swatch. Put it through the same routine as you would your clothing. Wad it up, wash it. Knitting designer Lily Chin is a fan of hanging your swatch on the wall to see how it falls and hangs. Does it droop? Does it stand perfectly straight? These are all good indicators of how the yarn will look and behave once it's knitted into a bigger project.","Achieving the right drape is just the first step in knitting well-fit knits. Check out Craftsy's Fit Your Knits with Stefanie Japel and Feminine Fit with Joan McGowan-Michael for tips on everything you need to know about fitting knits before you even put the project on the needles, from calculating increases to adding bust darts.","Great article. I frequently substitute yarn from what the sample pattern is knit up with, mostly because of budget. I have learned over the years to take drape into consideration after several mishaps. My very first (and worst) substitution was a sweater I knitted for my then fiancee. The pattern called for this very expensive wool blend and I was rather poor so I substituted a budget acrylic. I made my 4′′ gauge swatch, washed it and blocked it (although at the time I didn’t know that acrylic really doesn’t block well). Once I was satisfied that I was knitting the right gauge to make the sweater fit correctly I knitted it up. I spent weeks working on the sweater and when it was finished I presented the sweater as a Christmas gift to my fiancee. When he pulled it out of the gift box he gave me an odd look, but said how much he loved the color and the pattern that I had chosen. He kept the sweater in his dresser drawer, always at the top so it was the first thing he saw when he opened the drawer, but I never saw him wear the sweater. Our marriage unfortunately did not survive and we parted ways, but remained friends. Years later I was unpacking my son’s room in our new house and I found the sweater among his belongings. I asked him where he had gotten it and he told me his dad had given it to him. He told our son that he should always keep the sweater at the top of the drawer to remind him that my love was as bullet proof as the sweater and that’s why he had kept it at the top of his drawer for all those years. The moral of the story is, had I knitted up a larger swatch of the budget yarn I would have easily seen that the yarn, while right on target gauge wise, was much too stiff to use for a pullover sweater.","Such a nice story. Thank you for sharing, Marcia! Even if no one ever wore the sweater, at least it is getting lots of use as a memento!","Many of my friends and I have taught ourselves to knit and crochet. Unfortunately you don’t see much about draping qualities written and so we learn the hard way about things like using the wrong yarn for a project. Many times, the experiences are very expensive, frustrating and so bad that we quit, or never try the same thing again. It would be so nice to find one book that really discusses all facets of knitting or crocheting so that you don’t have to buy a ton of books to learn. I had never thought of using the term draping for yarn. I just thought it was the wrong yarn for a project. I sew and know that draping fabrics is very important. Just didn’t associate the term with yarn. Now I know and have learned something today. Thanks for this article.","Learn from the world's best knitting instructors when you join Craftsy now. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!"]},"parsed_md":"Choosing Yarn: Test the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch\n\n 1. Join or Sign In\n 2. 1. My Craftsy\n 2. My Settings\n 3. My Wishlist\n 4. My Order History\n 5. Sign Out\n\nJoin or Sign In\n\n 1. Online Classes\n\n 1. Sewing & Quilting »\n 2. Sewing\n 3. Quilting\n 4. Embroidery\n 5. Cake & Cooking »\n 6. Cake Decorating\n 7. Food & Cooking\n 8. Yarn & Fiber Arts »\n 9. Knitting\n 10. Crocheting\n 11. Spinning\n 12. 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Blog\n\nDownload the Craftsy App\n\nMy Craftsy | Sign out\n\nBlog Home » Knitting Blog » Choosing Yarn: Testing the Draping of Your Knitted\nSwatch\n\n# Choosing Yarn: Testing the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch\n\nPosted by Ashley Little // Oct 16, 2013\n\nIn knitting when we think about yarn substitution, most of us are guilty of\njust matching the gauge and moving on. It doesn't matter how that gauge looks\nto us, even if the stitches look like they're packed in there tightly. If we\nget the correct amount of stitches per inch, we're happy.\n\nThis usually works out for us if we're knitting something like a tech case.\nBut what if it's a wearable? Things can go wrong in ways you never expected\nwhen you don't consider draping while choosing yarn for your project.\n\n## Draping isn't some fancy knitting term. It's exactly what you think it is:\nhow fabric (including knitted fabric) moves and hangs.\n\nThink about loose drapes, like light, airy mohair shawls. Or how about\nsomething that barely has drape at all, like a super bulky-weight knit in a\ngauge so tiny the stitches have nowhere to go and therefore stand at\nattention?\n\nLet's use this beautiful Arcadian shawl by Craftsy member Knitting Kninja as\nan example:\n\nThis shawl was knit with an alpaca-silk blend (yummy!) and a merino lace\nedging. Notice how it gathers and falls around the neck and shoulders. Let's\nsay you want to substitute this yarn for something in your stash of the same\nweight. The weight matches, and you've managed to achieve the same gauge as\nthe pattern. So does that make it a good substitution? Eh, not exactly. If\nyour yarn sub is made of something a bit stiffer (say, a wool for example)\nthen your shawl is not going to tuck and roll like the one in this photo. It\nmight actually stand straight up instead.\n\n## How to solve a drape problem\n\nThere are a couple of things you can do to avoid completing a 20+ hour project\nonly to find the drape makes it totally unwearable.\n\n### 1\\. Research online\n\nSearch online to find knitters who have used the yarn you're thinking about\nusing as a substitution. If they made an item similar to the one you want to\nmake, even better! Notice how the yarn drapes in the photos. Do you like it?\n\n### 2\\. Knit a bigger swatch\n\nKnitting a larger swatch has a lot of advantages, and draping is one of them.\nIf you just knit the usual 4\" x 4\" swatch, you can't tell much about it.\nKnitting a larger swatch not only gives you a more accurate gauge measurement,\nbut it also makes the draping much more obvious. A small, lightweight swatch\nisn't going to show off the drape, especially if that little swatch is going\nto turn into something like a big, cozy sweater.\n\n### 3\\. Test your swatch\n\nDon't just measure your swatch. Put it through the same routine as you would\nyour clothing. Wad it up, wash it. Knitting designer Lily Chin is a fan of\nhanging your swatch on the wall to see how it falls and hangs. Does it droop?\nDoes it stand perfectly straight? These are all good indicators of how the\nyarn will look and behave once it's knitted into a bigger project.\n\n> Achieving the right drape is just the first step in knitting well-fit knits.\n> Check out Craftsy's Fit Your Knits with Stefanie Japel and Feminine Fit with\n> Joan McGowan-Michael for tips on everything you need to know about fitting\n> knits before you even put the project on the needles, from calculating\n> increases to adding bust darts.\n\n### Have you ever experienced a yarn substitution draping nightmare?\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Cutting Your Knitting on Purpose (Yikes!) With Steeks\n * Get the Right Fit for Your Knits: What Is Positive Ease?\n * Get the Right Fit: All About Negative Ease\n * Let’s Play Runway: Design Your Own Sweater\n * A Perfect Fit! Taking Body Measurements for Knits\n\n### 3 Comments\n\nMarciaC Oct 17, 2013\n\nGreat article. I frequently substitute yarn from what the sample pattern is\nknit up with, mostly because of budget. I have learned over the years to take\ndrape into consideration after several mishaps. My very first (and worst)\nsubstitution was a sweater I knitted for my then fiancee. The pattern called\nfor this very expensive wool blend and I was rather poor so I substituted a\nbudget acrylic. I made my 4′′ gauge swatch, washed it and blocked it (although\nat the time I didn’t know that acrylic really doesn’t block well). Once I was\nsatisfied that I was knitting the right gauge to make the sweater fit\ncorrectly I knitted it up. I spent weeks working on the sweater and when it\nwas finished I presented the sweater as a Christmas gift to my fiancee. When\nhe pulled it out of the gift box he gave me an odd look, but said how much he\nloved the color and the pattern that I had chosen. He kept the sweater in his\ndresser drawer, always at the top so it was the first thing he saw when he\nopened the drawer, but I never saw him wear the sweater. Our marriage\nunfortunately did not survive and we parted ways, but remained friends. Years\nlater I was unpacking my son’s room in our new house and I found the sweater\namong his belongings. I asked him where he had gotten it and he told me his\ndad had given it to him. He told our son that he should always keep the\nsweater at the top of the drawer to remind him that my love was as bullet\nproof as the sweater and that’s why he had kept it at the top of his drawer\nfor all those years. The moral of the story is, had I knitted up a larger\nswatch of the budget yarn I would have easily seen that the yarn, while right\non target gauge wise, was much too stiff to use for a pullover sweater.\n\nReply\n\nAshley Oct 18, 2013\n\nSuch a nice story. Thank you for sharing, Marcia! Even if no one ever wore the\nsweater, at least it is getting lots of use as a memento!\n\nReply\n\nPat Oct 17, 2013\n\nMany of my friends and I have taught ourselves to knit and crochet.\nUnfortunately you don’t see much about draping qualities written and so we\nlearn the hard way about things like using the wrong yarn for a project. Many\ntimes, the experiences are very expensive, frustrating and so bad that we\nquit, or never try the same thing again. It would be so nice to find one book\nthat really discusses all facets of knitting or crocheting so that you don’t\nhave to buy a ton of books to learn. I had never thought of using the term\ndraping for yarn. I just thought it was the wrong yarn for a project. I sew\nand know that draping fabrics is very important. Just didn’t associate the\nterm with yarn. Now I know and have learned something today. Thanks for this\narticle.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Select your interest\n\n#### Subscribe & Join Craftsy\n\nLearn from the world's best knitting instructors when you join Craftsy now.\nPlus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\n\n#### Get Tutorials, Tips & More\n\nBe the first to enjoy new knitting tutorials, resources, contests, giveaways &\nmuch more. 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Read more »\n\n©2015 Craftsy and Sympoz Inc.Terms of UsePrivacy Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160805191020/http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size","passages":["The desired drape of the fabric that you’re knitting will influence the gauge and the yarn and needle size you choose for your project. To decide on knitted drape, consider if you want the finished piece to be soft and flowing, very stiff, or somewhere in between. After you determine the drape, you can choose the right yarn and the right gauge for your project.","Very dense, stiff: This density requires the smallest needles. For almost any purpose, this gauge is just too tight. If you’re trying to substitute yarns and the fabric that you make ends up too dense when knit at the gauge called for in the pattern, it isn’t the right yarn for the job. You need to find a thinner yarn for the project.","Dense, but moveable: The piece won’t be floppy at all and will insist on keeping its own shape, rather than following the lines of the body.","Covers, but drapes: You can see a bit of light through it when you hold it up. And when you put it on your hand, it moves to follow the shape of your hand, but it isn’t see-through.","Drapes very easily: With larger needles, the stitches are very large. In this case, the knitted fabric is as much about the light and air between the stitches as it is about the yarn that surrounds these holes.","Whatever type of garment you’re knitting, think a bit about what sort of drape and fabric suits it best when determining whether your gauge is right on target. Any yarn can be knit at a variety of gauges. But getting gauge right also means deciding whether you like the fabric you’ve knit and whether you think that it’s right for the project that you want to make.","Learn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up on your sports knowledge for the upcoming season."]},"parsed_md":"How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size - For Dummies\n\nSee All Topics\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Health & Fitness\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n * Games\n\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n\n * Coin Collecting\n * How To Crochet\n * How To Knit\n * How To Quilt\n * Paper Crafting\n * How To Scrapbook\n * How To Sew\n * Holiday Crafts\n * Jewelry Making & Beading For Dummies Extras\n * How To Knit\n\n * Fixing Mistakes\n * Hand-Dyeing Yarn\n * Hand-Spinning Yarn\n * Knitting For Dummies Extras\n * Needles & Yarn\n * Projects\n * Stitches & Designs\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\n\nHow to Cast On with the Two-Strand Method\n\n|\n\nHow to Knit a Twist to the Left\n\n|\n\nKnitting in the Round with Common Stitches \n \n---|---|--- \n \n# How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size\n\nBy Kristi Porter from Knitting Patterns For Dummies\n\nThe desired drape of the fabric that you’re knitting will influence the gauge\nand the yarn and needle size you choose for your project. To decide on knitted\ndrape, consider if you want the finished piece to be soft and flowing, very\nstiff, or somewhere in between. After you determine the drape, you can choose\nthe right yarn and the right gauge for your project.\n\nHere are the general kinds of knitting drape:\n\n * Very dense, stiff: This density requires the smallest needles. For almost any purpose, this gauge is just too tight. If you’re trying to substitute yarns and the fabric that you make ends up too dense when knit at the gauge called for in the pattern, it isn’t the right yarn for the job. You need to find a thinner yarn for the project.\n\n * Dense, but moveable: The piece won’t be floppy at all and will insist on keeping its own shape, rather than following the lines of the body.\n\n * Covers, but drapes: You can see a bit of light through it when you hold it up. And when you put it on your hand, it moves to follow the shape of your hand, but it isn’t see-through.\n\n * Drapes easily: You can definitely see light through the swatch and maybe even some skin. The fabric drapes easily.\n\n * Drapes very easily: With larger needles, the stitches are very large. In this case, the knitted fabric is as much about the light and air between the stitches as it is about the yarn that surrounds these holes.\n\nWhatever type of garment you’re knitting, think a bit about what sort of drape\nand fabric suits it best when determining whether your gauge is right on\ntarget. Any yarn can be knit at a variety of gauges. But getting gauge right\nalso means deciding whether you like the fabric you’ve knit and whether you\nthink that it’s right for the project that you want to make.\n\n * Add a Comment\n * Print\n * Share\n\n#### Recommends\n\n#### Promoted Stories From Around The Web\n\nCOMMENTS »\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\nKnitting in the Round with Two Circular Needles\n\nHow to Cast On with the Thumb Method\n\nHow to Bind Off in the Round\n\nHow to Knit in the Round on Double-Pointed Needles\n\nHow to Block Crochet or Knitting with Liquid Starch\n\n#### Featured Book\n\nKnitting Patterns For Dummies\n\nUS $19.99 Add To Cart\n\n#### More For Dummies\n\nOnline Test Banks\n\nBrowse Online Courses\n\nExplore Mobile Apps\n\nShop for Books and More\n\n#### Newsletters\n\n##### Games, Hobbies & Sports\n\nLearn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up\non your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\n\nMore Newsletters »\n\nAbout us\n\n * About For Dummies\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Advertise with Us\n * Manage Your E-Mail Newsletters\n * Help\n\n|\n\nMore From Dummies\n\n * Mobile Site\n * My Account\n * Dummies B2B Services\n * Online Test Banks\n * eLearning\n * Mobile Apps\n * Dummies Store\n * Sweepstakes\n\n|\n\nTopics A-Z\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Games\n * Health & Fitness\n\n|\n\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n\n \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright © 2016 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210519032159/https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by Michelle Miller","passages":["If you are working on a special project and are concerned that you might run out of yarn there are a few things you can to do safe guard against it. The first thing you can do is buy extra yarn. Many places have a friendly return policy or will hold a skein aside for you in the event that you need it. If you have a deadline and very special knitting to do like a wedding or baptism knitting project it’s best to buy extra yarn and sell it or trade it if you don’t end up using it. Always ensure that you have set aside enough yarn for your project. It will save you a lot of heartache, frustration, time and money to plan ahead.","Why did I add that? Because we’re all human, no one is perfect and no two people are exactly alike. Each and every person knits a different way. I even discovered that two people, using the same pattern, yarn, and knitting needles can create a knitted sample where one uses 80 yards more than the other!","Gauge is fluid. It’s like reading mile markers on the highway. It helps guide you in the right direction toward completing a knitting project favorably but there are a number of factors that can change your gauge, and specifically how much yardage is used in your project.","The first thing you can do to avoid running out of yarn is use the yarn specified in the pattern. If you don’t want to do that or it’s not practical to do so, it is perfectly fine to substitute yarn in your knitting project. However, you should educate yourself on HOW to substitute a yarn. For example, an inelastic yarn will take up much more yardage than an elastic yarn. And this includes yarns that have only a percentage of inelastic yarn mixed with elastic fiber! If the yarn specified in the pattern calls for 100% wool and you use 90% wool and 10% alpaca, and your gauge is perfect, you will still need more yarn! Why? Inelastic yarns do not stretch like wool. And if the yarn does not stretch, you will not be able to block it to the same size as a project made with wool.","This is not a comprehensive list, but some examples of inelastic fibers include all the cellulose fibers such as Silk, Linen, and Hemp. Alpaca falls into the category as well as tencel, bamboo, cotton and rayon. Basically any fiber that does not have “give” or stretch will fall into the heading of an inelastic fiber.","An elastic fiber is going to be something that has memory, drape, and can stretch when you wet it other wise known as blocking. Different breeds of wool are going to have varying amounts of memory and stretch, which is closely related to the crimp of the fiber. To give you an idea of how commercial yarn is generated, Colonial wool is made when mills buy up lots (like an auction) of wool fiber from various farmers and mix it all together to make yarn. The quality of the wool (which can affect yarn memory) will vary by season according to the animal’s health, age, and even the elements. So the generic wool you buy one year may have different stretching qualities than the next!","Even with elastic fibers, there is no guarantee that you will use the same amount of yardage using the same starting conditions! Why? Gauge is certainly one issue, but so is twist. The yarn on the left has a tight twist, which makes it harder wearing. The amount of twist compared to the yarn on the right is quite firm and tight, with more twists per inch. The yarn on the right has a looser twist, which means it’s going to drape more, be softer, and sometimes a looser twisted yarn will pill when shorter fibers work themselves out of the yarn. You’ve probably seen this with cashmere (a very short fiber) and you definitely see pilling in a single ply yarn that undergoes friction where twist isn’t locking the fibers into place. A tighter twisted yarn is denser, so by weight you will require more of it to complete a project than you will a loosely twisted yarn. Hand spun yarns are also denser than commercial spun because they are made by human hands, not a machine. Hand spun yarns also usually require more yardage by weight than a commercial spun yarn to complete a project.","So what now? Well, measuring gauge is a good place to start. Specifically if you are knitting to fit. If you are using 2000 yards to knit a sweater, it’d be a good idea to measure your gauge first so that you don’t have a rude awakening after your sweater has hit the water and is too large or too small after approximately 10,000 hours of knitting time.","To measure gauge, you need to knit a generously sized swatch. Wash it the way you intend on washing the finished project, and allow it to dry before measuring. I really like the way Faina Goberstein addresses gauge swatches in her Craftsy Class on Sizing Knitwear Patterns.","What do you do if your gauge swatch is too small? Rework your gauge swatch a second time on a larger needle. Repeat as necessary.","What do you do if your gauge swatch is too large? Rework your gauge swatch a second time on a smaller needle. Repeat as necessary.","What do you do if your Row gauge has too many rows? Your yarn is too skinny, consider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project will use up more yardage.","What do you do if your Row gauge has too few rows? Your yarn is too fat (I know, I know), consider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project could use up more yardage.","What if your gauge changes mid project? Elizabeth Zimmermann addressed it best in Knitting without Tears. To summarize, she had a special project set aside for when she was angry and needed to knit. You see even, emotional outlook can change your gauge! And if gauge switching can happen to Elizabeth, it can happen to any of us! So stay aware of your needles and be present in the moment to stay “in gauge.”","I really like what Robin Hunter says about Row gauge in her post on How to Become a Professional Knitter called Beware of Sound Bites. In fact, have a look through all of Robin’s informational posts, I think you’ll learn a lot about yarn, knitting, and the yarn industry in general.","Well now that you’ve been educated on Swatching and Yarn content while substituting yarns I’ll give you some hope on what you can do when the worst happens and you have run out of yarn! There are some great tips in my article What to do when you think you might run out of yarn and I’d like to add one more. If you’re down to the last few stitches on a knit on edge and you run out of yarn there are two additional options, you can simply finish up with a closely matching yarn you have in your stash, or if you are an advanced knitter, you may consider simply grafting the edge stitches with the live main body stitches.","I have found that the most beautiful projects come about when something unexpected happens and I have to shift gears mid stream to come up with a new plan for finishing. Some of my absolutely favorite shawls knit from my patterns have a knit on edge knit using a different, contrasting yarn. It really makes that bold edge “pop” in a new and eye catching way.","What it boils down to is we knit for different reasons. To give something hand made with love to a dear friend, to clothe a new baby, to adorn a bride, to find the perfect fitting sweater, to enjoy color, to enjoy the process, and to actively create something wonderful in our lives. I hope you enjoy the process and embrace the humanness of the act. We aren’t perfect and don’t produce or create the same way that machines do, and that’s part of beauty of knitting.","More from the Author Please enjoy Gauge Part I, How to Knit a Gauge Swatch here and Gauge Part II, How one project knit by knitters equals two FOs here. Michelle has written over 120 Knitting Designs, published a Book (with more to follow), and at the time of publishing sells her work in 76 shops across the US in 28 states, and in three countries. For a comprehensive list of retailers click here. Michelle has an educational background in Physics, works as a knitting designer, and is a wife and parent to two children. She recently adopted her nephew who is disabled and spends her time knitting, writing, and learning to parent a special needs child after the loss of her sister and brother in law in 2011.","I’m a huge fan of the “buy extra yarn” method. It has never failed me! Or other knitters who make use of my leftover yarn.","And your post reminded me of the simple ribbed socks I knit when I was apartment hunting & moving 2 years ago. They are awfully small and tight, more so than the socks I knit with the same yarn months earlier. No, I was not at all stressed, why do you ask?","All graphics, patterns, text, and content on this site are the sole property of Michelle Miller Copyright (c) 2004-2014 Michelle Miller"]},"parsed_md":"On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by\nMichelle Miller |\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Home\n * Blog\n * Book\n * Book 2\n * Errata\n * Gallery\n * Retailers\n * SHOP\n * Shows in 2013-14\n * Wholesale\n * About Us\n\n← What’s New With Fickle Knitter Design 9-13-12\n\nFickle Knitter at the 2012 Oregon Flock and Fiber Festival →\n\n# On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project\nby Michelle Miller\n\nPosted on September 20, 2012 by Michelle\n\nOn Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by\nMichelle Miller\n\nIf you are working on a special project and are concerned that you might run\nout of yarn there are a few things you can to do safe guard against it. The\nfirst thing you can do is buy extra yarn. Many places have a friendly return\npolicy or will hold a skein aside for you in the event that you need it. If\nyou have a deadline and very special knitting to do like a wedding or baptism\nknitting project it’s best to buy extra yarn and sell it or trade it if you\ndon’t end up using it. Always ensure that you have set aside enough yarn for\nyour project. It will save you a lot of heartache, frustration, time and money\nto plan ahead.\n\nRecently I have added a disclaimer that I’ve added to my patterns on ravelry.\nIt states:\n\nYarn substitution may result in a change in estimated yardage, gauge and\nfinished size of your individual project.\n\nWhy did I add that? Because we’re all human, no one is perfect and no two\npeople are exactly alike. Each and every person knits a different way. I even\ndiscovered that two people, using the same pattern, yarn, and knitting needles\ncan create a knitted sample where one uses 80 yards more than the other!\n\nGauge is fluid. It’s like reading mile markers on the highway. It helps guide\nyou in the right direction toward completing a knitting project favorably but\nthere are a number of factors that can change your gauge, and specifically how\nmuch yardage is used in your project.\n\nThe first thing you can do to avoid running out of yarn is use the yarn\nspecified in the pattern. If you don’t want to do that or it’s not practical\nto do so, it is perfectly fine to substitute yarn in your knitting project.\nHowever, you should educate yourself on HOW to substitute a yarn. For example,\nan inelastic yarn will take up much more yardage than an elastic yarn. And\nthis includes yarns that have only a percentage of inelastic yarn mixed with\nelastic fiber! If the yarn specified in the pattern calls for 100% wool and\nyou use 90% wool and 10% alpaca, and your gauge is perfect, you will still\nneed more yarn! Why? Inelastic yarns do not stretch like wool. And if the yarn\ndoes not stretch, you will not be able to block it to the same size as a\nproject made with wool.\n\nThis is not a comprehensive list, but some examples of inelastic fibers\ninclude all the cellulose fibers such as Silk, Linen, and Hemp. Alpaca falls\ninto the category as well as tencel, bamboo, cotton and rayon. Basically any\nfiber that does not have “give” or stretch will fall into the heading of an\ninelastic fiber.\n\nAn elastic fiber is going to be something that has memory, drape, and can\nstretch when you wet it other wise known as blocking. Different breeds of wool\nare going to have varying amounts of memory and stretch, which is closely\nrelated to the crimp of the fiber. To give you an idea of how commercial yarn\nis generated, Colonial wool is made when mills buy up lots (like an auction)\nof wool fiber from various farmers and mix it all together to make yarn. The\nquality of the wool (which can affect yarn memory) will vary by season\naccording to the animal’s health, age, and even the elements. So the generic\nwool you buy one year may have different stretching qualities than the next!\n\nEven with elastic fibers, there is no guarantee that you will use the same\namount of yardage using the same starting conditions! Why? Gauge is certainly\none issue, but so is twist. The yarn on the left has a tight twist, which\nmakes it harder wearing. The amount of twist compared to the yarn on the right\nis quite firm and tight, with more twists per inch. The yarn on the right has\na looser twist, which means it’s going to drape more, be softer, and sometimes\na looser twisted yarn will pill when shorter fibers work themselves out of the\nyarn. You’ve probably seen this with cashmere (a very short fiber) and you\ndefinitely see pilling in a single ply yarn that undergoes friction where\ntwist isn’t locking the fibers into place. A tighter twisted yarn is denser,\nso by weight you will require more of it to complete a project than you will a\nloosely twisted yarn. Hand spun yarns are also denser than commercial spun\nbecause they are made by human hands, not a machine. Hand spun yarns also\nusually require more yardage by weight than a commercial spun yarn to complete\na project.\n\nSo what now? Well, measuring gauge is a good place to start. Specifically if\nyou are knitting to fit. If you are using 2000 yards to knit a sweater, it’d\nbe a good idea to measure your gauge first so that you don’t have a rude\nawakening after your sweater has hit the water and is too large or too small\nafter approximately 10,000 hours of knitting time.\n\nTo measure gauge, you need to knit a generously sized swatch. Wash it the way\nyou intend on washing the finished project, and allow it to dry before\nmeasuring. I really like the way Faina Goberstein addresses gauge swatches in\nher Craftsy Class on Sizing Knitwear Patterns.\n\nAlso I’ve written an article about how to knit a gauge swatch which you can\nread here.\n\n## Gauge Swatch 101\n\nWhat do you do if your gauge swatch is too small? Rework your gauge swatch a\nsecond time on a larger needle. Repeat as necessary.\n\nWhat do you do if your gauge swatch is too large? Rework your gauge swatch a\nsecond time on a smaller needle. Repeat as necessary.\n\nWhat do you do if your Row gauge has too many rows? Your yarn is too skinny,\nconsider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project\nwill use up more yardage.\n\nWhat do you do if your Row gauge has too few rows? Your yarn is too fat (I\nknow, I know), consider working the project with a different yarn or accept\nthat the project could use up more yardage.\n\nWhat if your gauge changes mid project? Elizabeth Zimmermann addressed it best\nin Knitting without Tears. To summarize, she had a special project set aside\nfor when she was angry and needed to knit. You see even, emotional outlook can\nchange your gauge! And if gauge switching can happen to Elizabeth, it can\nhappen to any of us! So stay aware of your needles and be present in the\nmoment to stay “in gauge.”\n\nI really like what Robin Hunter says about Row gauge in her post on How to\nBecome a Professional Knitter called Beware of Sound Bites. In fact, have a\nlook through all of Robin’s informational posts, I think you’ll learn a lot\nabout yarn, knitting, and the yarn industry in general.\n\nWell now that you’ve been educated on Swatching and Yarn content while\nsubstituting yarns I’ll give you some hope on what you can do when the worst\nhappens and you have run out of yarn! There are some great tips in my article\nWhat to do when you think you might run out of yarn and I’d like to add one\nmore. If you’re down to the last few stitches on a knit on edge and you run\nout of yarn there are two additional options, you can simply finish up with a\nclosely matching yarn you have in your stash, or if you are an advanced\nknitter, you may consider simply grafting the edge stitches with the live main\nbody stitches.\n\nI have found that the most beautiful projects come about when something\nunexpected happens and I have to shift gears mid stream to come up with a new\nplan for finishing. Some of my absolutely favorite shawls knit from my\npatterns have a knit on edge knit using a different, contrasting yarn. It\nreally makes that bold edge “pop” in a new and eye catching way.\n\nWhat it boils down to is we knit for different reasons. To give something hand\nmade with love to a dear friend, to clothe a new baby, to adorn a bride, to\nfind the perfect fitting sweater, to enjoy color, to enjoy the process, and to\nactively create something wonderful in our lives. I hope you enjoy the process\nand embrace the humanness of the act. We aren’t perfect and don’t produce or\ncreate the same way that machines do, and that’s part of beauty of knitting.\n\nMore from the Author Please enjoy Gauge Part I, How to Knit a Gauge Swatch\nhere and Gauge Part II, How one project knit by knitters equals two FOs here.\nMichelle has written over 120 Knitting Designs, published a Book (with more to\nfollow), and at the time of publishing sells her work in 76 shops across the\nUS in 28 states, and in three countries. For a comprehensive list of retailers\nclick here. Michelle has an educational background in Physics, works as a\nknitting designer, and is a wife and parent to two children. She recently\nadopted her nephew who is disabled and spends her time knitting, writing, and\nlearning to parent a special needs child after the loss of her sister and\nbrother in law in 2011.\n\nMore Reading on Gauge How to Knit a Gauge Swatch Gauge, A Story What to do\nwhen you think you might run out of yarn How to Calculate Hat Math How\nto–Different Hat Sizes\n\nAdditional Resources Alden Amos Big Book of Handspinning Clara Parkes’ The\nKnitter’s Book of Wool The Intentional Spinner by Judith Mackenzie McCuin\n\n## About Michelle\n\nKnitting Tin Hats since 2004.\n\nView all posts by Michelle →\n\nThis entry was posted in Uncategorized. Bookmark the permalink.\n\n← What’s New With Fickle Knitter Design 9-13-12\n\nFickle Knitter at the 2012 Oregon Flock and Fiber Festival →\n\n### One Response to On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your\nKnitting Project by Michelle Miller\n\n 1. Kath says:\n\nSeptember 20, 2012 at 9:42 pm\n\nI’m a huge fan of the “buy extra yarn” method. It has never failed me! Or\nother knitters who make use of my leftover yarn.\n\nAnd your post reminded me of the simple ribbed socks I knit when I was\napartment hunting & moving 2 years ago. They are awfully small and tight, more\nso than the socks I knit with the same yarn months earlier. No, I was not at\nall stressed, why do you ask?\n\nComments are closed.\n\n * ### Subscribe\n\nSubscribe in a reader\n\n * ### Knitting Patterns\n\nAll Knitting Patterns One Skein Lace Knitting Patterns Women’s Knitting\nPatterns Knitting Patterns for Baby Eco Knitting Patterns Cowl Knitting\nPatterns Hat Knitting Patterns Scarf Knitting Patterns Knitting Pattern\nCollections Sweater Knitting Patterns\n\n * ### Fine Retailers\n\nClick here for a full list of Shops\n\n * ### Fickle Knitter Interviews\n\nYarny Interviews\n\n * ### How To Articles\n\nPlan enough Yarn for your Project How To use JKnit How To Knit On Edgings How\nTo Design on a Budget What to do if You Run out of Yarn FKD Photography Then\nand Now Why Knitting Isn't Free How To Knit a Gauge Swatch How To Knit with\nBeads Gauge, A Story Submit to Knit Picks IDP 7 Ways to be a Great Test\nKnitter How to Create Lace Motifs Lace Triangle Construction How to Insert\nLace Motifs How to--Short Rows for Shawls How To Block Shawls Knitting with\nhandspun How to Calculate Hat Math How to--Different Hat Sizes Knit your own\nTin Hat The Tu-Tutorial How To Use Stitch Markers\n\n * ### On Parenting Children with Disabilities\n\nDmitri Speaks Dmitri's Advancements Two Year Anniversary Lily of the Valley\nFear Becoming the Parent of a Disabled Child July Dmitri Update Dmitri Then\nand Now Memorial Day Dmitri's Wheel Chair Stealing Adventure Dmitri's First\nChristmas with his new Family Coping with Loss Bringing Dmitri Home Still in\nVirginia Losing Dmitri's Dad Dealing with Cancer and Living Out of State\nVirginia and Not Portland Miriam's Journal-On Death Coping Losing Dmitri's Mom\n\n * ### Fickle Knitter, Interviewed\n\nInterview with Fiber Story TV Noble Knits Interview Robin Hunter Interview\nBloom Magazine Interview\n\n * ### Search Fickle Knitter\n\n * All graphics, patterns, text, and content on this site are the sole property of Michelle Miller Copyright (c) 2004-2014 Michelle Miller\n\nProudly powered by WordPress.\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2014/04/choosing-a-yarn-for-knitting-crochet","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823110942/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2014/04/choosing-a-yarn-for-knitting-crochet","parsed_text":{"title":"Choosing a Yarn for Knitting & Crochet","passages":["At the heart of both knitting and crocheting, there is fiber. Your projects are made entirely out of fibers, so it makes sense they are the most important aspect of your work. What makes certain fibers more appealing to work with than others? Is there a secret to choosing a yarn for certain knitting and crocheting projects? Below we examine some of the most prevalent fibers in commercially available yarns. I'll explain some of the characteristics of the different kinds of yarn, how they work up, and the fabrics they create.","Learn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make savvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »","Below are three popular animal fibers. They are used in many yarns, alone and/or combined with other fibers. Animal fibers are generally very warm, yet lightweight, and are great choices for garments and cold weather accessories.","Wool comes in a great assortment of colors and styles from a variety of sources (there are many breeds of sheep!). The texture of the yarn is primarily affected by the source of the wool. It is an easy fiber to work with and creates a great fabric for garments and accessories. Its natural elasticity helps it to retain its shape when worn.","The fibers have microscopic barbs that like to stick to each other, so wool is prone to yarn felting when wet and agitated. It is a water-loving fiber and will absorb moisture readily. This gives it the great feature of wicking away moisture from skin, keeping its wearer dry.","You can knit and crochet easily with wool. Working with the suggested needles/hooks to get the specified gauge is always recommended. If you desire fabrics with more drape and flexibility, increasing needle/hook size is a good idea.","For a more detailed look at the different properties of different wools, see our post on types of wool for knitting and crochet.","There are two types of alpaca yarns. The softer, silkier alpaca fiber is Suri. The more wool-like fiber is Huacaya. It is more suitable for knitting than Suri and a great alternative to sheep wool. It lacks lanolin, so it is hypoallergenic, and a good choice for knitted baby garments. The fiber creates a very soft and warm fabric that is less likely to felt when laundered.","Alpaca fiber is often combined with other fibers in yarns. It lends its warmth and strength to other fibers like silk or even plant-based fibers like viscose.","Cashmere is a luxury fiber from the cashmere goat. It is insulating and very, very soft. When worked at a normal gauge, the fabric created is perfect for scarves, shawls or even sweaters. It has a lightweight and silky drape. While readily available and easy to find, this fine fiber can be a bit pricey for the casual crafter.","Plant-based fibers tend to be less elastic than animal fibers, but they are often stronger and more durable. They also retain less heat, so are more desirable in the spring and summer.","There are a variety of cotton yarns on the market. There are also several different types of cotton yarn. It is generally a lightweight fiber that is great for warm weather projects. It is breathable, yet strong enough to withstand many washes, which will actually soften the yarn.","Stitch definition with cotton is superb! Some finer cottons produce a drape comparable to even the silkiest of wools, but in general, cotton is very inelastic and likely to stretch and sag, a problem exacerbated by its ability to hold water so well.","It would take me a long time to go through all of the fibers available for you to knit and crochet with. For much more detailed information about fibers and how fiber choice affects your projects, I implore you to check out Clara Parkes' new class: Know Your Yarn: Choose the Perfect Yarn Every Time. She goes beyond the fibers mentioned here and even talks about synthetic fibers, which are probably the most easily accessible yarns. There is also discussion about ply, which is extremely important when choosing yarn.","I'm a wool gal, myself. I have been using it for hats for my children since they were babies and I love how soft they got through out the seasons.","Learn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make savvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »","I am kind of uncertain when it comes to wool. The wool products I have come across so far are very scratchy to me. I can’t stand contact with them for more than 5 minutes, if that long. Is there a way to make the yarn softer? Or should I just avoid wool?","Have you tried Merino wool? I can’t stand most wools around my neck or anywhere else near my face, but Merino works well.","Learn from the world's best crocheting instructors when you join Craftsy now. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!"]},"parsed_md":"Choosing a Yarn for Knitting & Crochet\n\n 1. Join or Sign In\n 2. 1. My Craftsy\n 2. My Settings\n 3. My Wishlist\n 4. My Order History\n 5. Sign Out\n\nJoin or Sign In\n\n 1. Online Classes\n\n 1. Sewing & Quilting »\n 2. Sewing\n 3. Quilting\n 4. Embroidery\n 5. Cake & Cooking »\n 6. Cake Decorating\n 7. Food & Cooking\n 8. Yarn & Fiber Arts »\n 9. Knitting\n 10. Crocheting\n 11. Spinning\n 12. Weaving\n 1. Art & Photo »\n 2. Drawing\n 3. Painting\n 4. Photography\n 5. Home & Garden »\n 6. Woodworking\n 7. Gardening\n 8. More »\n 9. Jewelry\n 10. Paper Crafts\n\n 2. Kits\n\n 1. Category\n 2. Quilting\n 3. Sewing\n 4. Knitting\n 5. Crocheting\n 1. Popular Projects\n 2. Quilts\n 3. Neckwear\n 4. Mittens & Gloves\n 5. Hats\n 6. Dresses\n\n 3. Supplies\n\n 1. Popular Items\n 2. Quilting Fabric\n 3. Sewing Fabric\n 4. Sewing Patterns\n 5. Yarn\n 6. Paper Crafts\n 7. Art Supplies\n 8. Cake Decorating\n 9. Tools & Notions\n 1. Popular Brands\n 2. Moda Fabric\n 3. Robert Kaufman Fabric\n 4. RJR Fabric\n 5. Cascade Yarn\n 6. Artyarns Yarn\n 7. Madelinetosh Yarn\n\n 1. Patterns\n 2. Projects\n 3. Blog\n\nDownload the Craftsy App\n\nMy Craftsy | Sign out\n\nBlog Home » Crocheting Blog » Fiber Forever! A Discussion About the Fibers in\nOur Yarns\n\n# Fiber Forever! A Discussion About the Fibers in Our Yarns\n\nPosted by Lisa Gutierrez // Apr 27, 2014\n\nAt the heart of both knitting and crocheting, there is fiber. Your projects\nare made entirely out of fibers, so it makes sense they are the most important\naspect of your work. What makes certain fibers more appealing to work with\nthan others? Is there a secret to choosing a yarn for certain knitting and\ncrocheting projects? Below we examine some of the most prevalent fibers in\ncommercially available yarns. I'll explain some of the characteristics of the\ndifferent kinds of yarn, how they work up, and the fabrics they create.\n\n## FREE Guide! Choose and Use the Right Yarn\n\nLearn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make\nsavvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\n\n## Animal fibers\n\nBelow are three popular animal fibers. They are used in many yarns, alone\nand/or combined with other fibers. Animal fibers are generally very warm, yet\nlightweight, and are great choices for garments and cold weather accessories.\n\n#### WOOL\n\n(I'm talking about sheep's wool!)\n\nWool comes in a great assortment of colors and styles from a variety of\nsources (there are many breeds of sheep!). The texture of the yarn is\nprimarily affected by the source of the wool. It is an easy fiber to work with\nand creates a great fabric for garments and accessories. Its natural\nelasticity helps it to retain its shape when worn.\n\nThe fibers have microscopic barbs that like to stick to each other, so wool is\nprone to yarn felting when wet and agitated. It is a water-loving fiber and\nwill absorb moisture readily. This gives it the great feature of wicking away\nmoisture from skin, keeping its wearer dry.\n\nYou can knit and crochet easily with wool. Working with the suggested\nneedles/hooks to get the specified gauge is always recommended. If you desire\nfabrics with more drape and flexibility, increasing needle/hook size is a good\nidea.\n\nFor a more detailed look at the different properties of different wools, see\nour post on types of wool for knitting and crochet.\n\n#### ALPACA\n\nThere are two types of alpaca yarns. The softer, silkier alpaca fiber is Suri.\nThe more wool-like fiber is Huacaya. It is more suitable for knitting than\nSuri and a great alternative to sheep wool. It lacks lanolin, so it is\nhypoallergenic, and a good choice for knitted baby garments. The fiber creates\na very soft and warm fabric that is less likely to felt when laundered.\n\nAlpaca fiber is often combined with other fibers in yarns. It lends its warmth\nand strength to other fibers like silk or even plant-based fibers like\nviscose.\n\n#### CASHMERE\n\nCashmere is a luxury fiber from the cashmere goat. It is insulating and very,\nvery soft. When worked at a normal gauge, the fabric created is perfect for\nscarves, shawls or even sweaters. It has a lightweight and silky drape. While\nreadily available and easy to find, this fine fiber can be a bit pricey for\nthe casual crafter.\n\n## Plant-based fibers\n\nPlant-based fibers tend to be less elastic than animal fibers, but they are\noften stronger and more durable. They also retain less heat, so are more\ndesirable in the spring and summer.\n\n#### COTTON\n\nThere are a variety of cotton yarns on the market. There are also several\ndifferent types of cotton yarn. It is generally a lightweight fiber that is\ngreat for warm weather projects. It is breathable, yet strong enough to\nwithstand many washes, which will actually soften the yarn.\n\nStitch definition with cotton is superb! Some finer cottons produce a drape\ncomparable to even the silkiest of wools, but in general, cotton is very\ninelastic and likely to stretch and sag, a problem exacerbated by its ability\nto hold water so well.\n\nCotton is great for knitting and crocheting things for the home. Finer cottons\nare suggested for garments and accessories.\n\n## Further Fiber Exploration\n\nIt would take me a long time to go through all of the fibers available for you\nto knit and crochet with. For much more detailed information about fibers and\nhow fiber choice affects your projects, I implore you to check out Clara\nParkes' new class: Know Your Yarn: Choose the Perfect Yarn Every Time. She\ngoes beyond the fibers mentioned here and even talks about synthetic fibers,\nwhich are probably the most easily accessible yarns. There is also discussion\nabout ply, which is extremely important when choosing yarn.\n\nI'm a wool gal, myself. I have been using it for hats for my children since\nthey were babies and I love how soft they got through out the seasons.\n\n## FREE Guide! Choose and Use the Right Yarn\n\nLearn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make\nsavvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\n\n### What are your favorite fibers?\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Prep for Holiday Parties With 7 Giftable FREE Patterns\n * We See a Fabulous Fiber Prize in Your Future\n * You’ve GOT to See Our #KickStartChristmas Finalists! Vote For Your Favorite Today\n * You’ve Got Great Ideas, We’ve Got the Best Hacks to Help!\n * Yarn Bombing 101: How to Yarn Bomb in 5 Steps\n\n### 2 Comments\n\nKathy Jul 23, 2015\n\nI am kind of uncertain when it comes to wool. The wool products I have come\nacross so far are very scratchy to me. I can’t stand contact with them for\nmore than 5 minutes, if that long. Is there a way to make the yarn softer? Or\nshould I just avoid wool?\n\nReply\n\nJaden Sep 21, 2015\n\nHave you tried Merino wool? I can’t stand most wools around my neck or\nanywhere else near my face, but Merino works well.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Select your interest\n\n#### Subscribe & Join Craftsy\n\nLearn from the world's best crocheting instructors when you join Craftsy now.\nPlus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\n\n#### Get Tutorials, Tips & More\n\nBe the first to enjoy new crocheting tutorials, resources, contests, giveaways\n& much more. 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Read more »\n\n©2015 Craftsy and Sympoz Inc.Terms of UsePrivacy Policy\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210803202912/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you choose your yarn wisely, you can knit your own jumper for £25. Here are five of the best British wools for less than £6\",\n \"Knitting is no longer the cheaper option, says the Invisible Woman in her lovely, nostalgic piece this week about the Fashion and Textile Museum’s new knitwear exhibition. Well, if you’re trying to pay the least possible for a piece of clothing, the high street can sell you a machine-knitted jumper for under a tenner. But if you’d like the satisfaction of making your own, you needn’t spend much more than £25. And that would be for 100% British wool, grown, spun, dyed and sold in this country. My latest handknit, a cardigan, cost me £12 in wool direct from the working mills at the Welsh National Wool Museum – the buttons, from a local craft shop, were nearly as much.\",\n \"A common misconception about knitting (and crocheting) today is that it is an expensive hobby, best left to those who are well-off in terms of money and spare time. If you have the budget, you could of course spend £100 making a jumper from luxury blends of cashmere and silk. Use possum or yak and you could double, even treble, that price tag (though even then it would be cheaper than a designer knit).\",\n \"But that is not the full picture. Whether you are choosing machine-washable acrylics (still very much for sale in many chemists, pound shops and indoor markets around the country, let alone haberdasheries, wool shops or big chains such as Hobbycraft) or pure wool, you can easily make the kind of “portable hug” that the Invisible Woman speaks so movingly about.\",\n \"And while you’re at it, you could make sure the affordable yarn you choose supports the British wool industry, which is re-entering the market from all directions – from Harris tweed on the catwalk to wool insulation in your roof – and is being celebrated during Wool Week (5-12 October). Over to Louise Scollay of the KnitBritish blog, which has been at the forefront of promoting affordable, British wool.\",\n \"“When I look at my blog stats, I am often surprised by some of the search terms that lead people to my blog – often phrases such as ‘Why is British wool so expensive?’ ‘Where can I find cheap British wool?’ British wool yarn isn’t a high-priced, rare product that you need to seek out from specialist sellers. Even commercial yarn companies, such as Wendy and King Cole, are recognising that there is a wealth of wool in the UK and knitters want to use it. Wendy Ramsdale, a masham wool that carries the British wool mark, was launched recently. It is available widely through online shops and general craft stores,priced at just over £3. It illustrates that yarn companies are aware how discerning knitters are when it comes to the wool they buy, and also the kind of budgets people have.”\",\n \"Though there may not be the same culture of knitting as there was during the make-do-and-mend heyday, it has been transformed by the advent of Ravelry, a social site for knitters, crocheters and weavers, which provides a place to share and talk about your craft, and to learn from others, wherever they are in the world. With nearly 4.5 million Ravellers, that could be anywhere from Azerbaijan to round the corner. The site can also be a democratic platform for knitwear designers: create a great pattern, ask willing knitters to test it, and begin a new career that could lead you into the Fashion and Textile Museum by a different route.\",\n \"I would love to take the Invisible Woman to a knitting group or a wool festival and show her all the knitters out there. Knitting is a craft loved and practised by millions. And if she continues with her rediscovered hobby, I hope she tries some inexpensive British wool for her next new project.\",\n \"The mill at the world heritage site uses wool from seven different British sheep breeds. Soft and woolly with tweedy flecks, this yarn is great for everything from mitts to sweaters.\",\n \"A primitive breed, Shetland fleece. Loved by knitters worldwide, this makes a very fine hand-knitting wool perfect for shawls and fair-isle knitting.\",\n \"Hugely popular yarns in various weights that suit a variety of knitters’ needs, from single-breed wool to washable blends and fantastic sock yarns.\",\n \"Available in 4ply & DK and a new vintage 3ply weight, this yarn is a blend of Exmoor and Bluefaced Leicester. Soft, lustrous and luxurious, this wool, reared and spun in Devon, is a real touch of class.\",\n \"There is more to UK-grown fibre than sheep. The UK Alpaca Superfine range blends 70% UK alpaca with Bluefaced Leicester wool to create an incredibly soft, strong and lofty knitting yarn.\",\n \"Commenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\",\n \"Commenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby | Knitting | The Guardian\\n\\nSkip to main content Skip to navigation\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n * International edition\\n * UK edition\\n * US edition\\n * Australian edition\\n\\nThe Guardian - Back to home\\n\\nSearch jobs\\n\\nSign inSearch\\n\\n * Fashion\\n * Food\\n * Recipes\\n * Love & sex\\n * Health & fitness\\n * Home & garden\\n * Women\\n * Men\\n * Family\\n * Travel\\n * Money\\n\\nFashion blogKnitting\\n\\n# Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby\\n\\nIf you choose your yarn wisely, you can knit your own jumper for £25. Here are\\nfive of the best British wools for less than £6\\n\\nKnitting needles and yarn. Photograph: Alamy\\n\\nKnitting needles and yarn. Photograph: Alamy\\n\\nAmelia Hodsdon\\n\\nLast modified on Wed 23 Sep 2020 15.19 BST\\n\\nKnitting is no longer the cheaper option, says the Invisible Woman in her\\nlovely, nostalgic piece this week about the Fashion and Textile Museum’s new\\nknitwear exhibition. Well, if you’re trying to pay the least possible for a\\npiece of clothing, the high street can sell you a machine-knitted jumper for\\nunder a tenner. But if you’d like the satisfaction of making your own, you\\nneedn’t spend much more than £25. And that would be for 100% British wool,\\ngrown, spun, dyed and sold in this country. My latest handknit, a cardigan,\\ncost me £12 in wool direct from the working mills at the Welsh National Wool\\nMuseum – the buttons, from a local craft shop, were nearly as much.\\n\\nA common misconception about knitting (and crocheting) today is that it is an\\nexpensive hobby, best left to those who are well-off in terms of money and\\nspare time. If you have the budget, you could of course spend £100 making a\\njumper from luxury blends of cashmere and silk. Use possum or yak and you\\ncould double, even treble, that price tag (though even then it would be\\ncheaper than a designer knit).\\n\\nBut that is not the full picture. Whether you are choosing machine-washable\\nacrylics (still very much for sale in many chemists, pound shops and indoor\\nmarkets around the country, let alone haberdasheries, wool shops or big chains\\nsuch as Hobbycraft) or pure wool, you can easily make the kind of “portable\\nhug” that the Invisible Woman speaks so movingly about.\\n\\nThe Isle Of Harris Knitwear Company shop at Grosebay, Isle of Harris, The\\nOuter Hebrides, Scotland, UK. Photograph: Murdo Macleod\\n\\nAnd while you’re at it, you could make sure the affordable yarn you choose\\nsupports the British wool industry, which is re-entering the market from all\\ndirections – from Harris tweed on the catwalk to wool insulation in your roof\\n– and is being celebrated during Wool Week (5-12 October). Over to Louise\\nScollay of the KnitBritish blog, which has been at the forefront of promoting\\naffordable, British wool.\\n\\n“When I look at my blog stats, I am often surprised by some of the search\\nterms that lead people to my blog – often phrases such as ‘Why is British wool\\nso expensive?’ ‘Where can I find cheap British wool?’ British wool yarn isn’t\\na high-priced, rare product that you need to seek out from specialist sellers.\\nEven commercial yarn companies, such as Wendy and King Cole, are recognising\\nthat there is a wealth of wool in the UK and knitters want to use it. Wendy\\nRamsdale, a masham wool that carries the British wool mark, was launched\\nrecently. It is available widely through online shops and general craft\\nstores,priced at just over £3. It illustrates that yarn companies are aware\\nhow discerning knitters are when it comes to the wool they buy, and also the\\nkind of budgets people have.”\\n\\nThough there may not be the same culture of knitting as there was during the\\nmake-do-and-mend heyday, it has been transformed by the advent of Ravelry, a\\nsocial site for knitters, crocheters and weavers, which provides a place to\\nshare and talk about your craft, and to learn from others, wherever they are\\nin the world. With nearly 4.5 million Ravellers, that could be anywhere from\\nAzerbaijan to round the corner. The site can also be a democratic platform for\\nknitwear designers: create a great pattern, ask willing knitters to test it,\\nand begin a new career that could lead you into the Fashion and Textile Museum\\nby a different route.\\n\\nI would love to take the Invisible Woman to a knitting group or a wool\\nfestival and show her all the knitters out there. Knitting is a craft loved\\nand practised by millions. And if she continues with her rediscovered hobby, I\\nhope she tries some inexpensive British wool for her next new project.\\n\\n## Louise Scollay’s five great British wools under £6\\n\\nNew Lanark wool & silk yarn, from £3.50/50g\\n\\nThe mill at the world heritage site uses wool from seven different British\\nsheep breeds. Soft and woolly with tweedy flecks, this yarn is great for\\neverything from mitts to sweaters.\\n\\nJamieson & Smith, £2.75/25g\\n\\nA primitive breed, Shetland fleece. Loved by knitters worldwide, this makes a\\nvery fine hand-knitting wool perfect for shawls and fair-isle knitting.\\n\\nWest Yorkshire Spinners, from £4.50/100g\\n\\nHugely popular yarns in various weights that suit a variety of knitters’\\nneeds, from single-breed wool to washable blends and fantastic sock yarns.\\n\\nExcelana, from £4\\n\\nAvailable in 4ply & DK and a new vintage 3ply weight, this yarn is a blend of\\nExmoor and Bluefaced Leicester. Soft, lustrous and luxurious, this wool,\\nreared and spun in Devon, is a real touch of class.\\n\\nUK Alpaca, from £5.95\\n\\nThere is more to UK-grown fibre than sheep. The UK Alpaca Superfine range\\nblends 70% UK alpaca with Bluefaced Leicester wool to create an incredibly\\nsoft, strong and lofty knitting yarn.\\n\\nTopics\\n\\n * Knitting\\n * Fashion blog\\n\\n * Craft\\n * blogposts\\n\\nReuse this content\\n\\n## comments (...)\\n\\nCommenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create\\nyour Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\\n\\n## comments (...)\\n\\nCommenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create\\nyour Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\\n\\n * News\\n * Opinion\\n * Sport\\n * Culture\\n * Lifestyle\\n\\n * Contact us\\n * Complaints & corrections\\n * SecureDrop\\n * Work for us\\n * Privacy policy\\n * Cookie policy\\n * Terms & conditions\\n * Help\\n\\n * All topics\\n * All writers\\n * Digital newspaper archive\\n * Facebook\\n * YouTube\\n * Instagram\\n * LinkedIn\\n * Twitter\\n * Newsletters\\n\\n * Advertise with us\\n * Search UK jobs\\n\\nBack to top\\n\\n© 2021 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights\\nreserved. (modern)\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160715102502/http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Yarns, garment shapes, and stitch patterns must work together for your knitting project to be successful. If you plan to knit a scarf or a blanket, go ahead and let the yarn you fall in love with dictate the outcome of your project. However, if you plan to make a sweater, using a sweater pattern as your starting point is the simplest way to get going on a project. You can purchase the yarn specified in the pattern or something similar enough (check with a knowledgeable salesperson) to ensure that the completed garment will look like the one in the picture.\",\n \"If an irresistible yarn is your starting point and you want to make a sweater, find a pattern written especially for the kind of yarn you've chosen and hope that you like the style. Another option is to select a pattern calling for another yarn that works up to the same gauge as the yarn you've chosen. If the pattern you've chosen expects you to get 4 stitches and 6 rows to the inch and your yarn gives you something different, your sweater will turn out a different size than the one given in the pattern.\",\n \"Gauge (sometimes called 'tension' is listed at the beginning of a pattern before the instructions proper begin. It's given as a number of stitches and rows over 4 square inches or 10 square centimeters. It also tells what needle and what stitch pattern were used to determine the gauge.\",\n \"Just because two yarns have the same gauge doesn't mean that they can substitute for each other successfully in a given pattern. If they have different characteristics — texture, drape, fiber, and color — the final garment will look and feel different from the one pictured on your pattern.\",\n \"It isn't easy to predict what yarn in a ball will look like when it's knitted up. This is especially true of novelty yarns. Jewel-colored hanks may look beautiful when displayed in a basket, but like mush when knitted up. Even plainer traditional yarns can surprise you. Their drape and feel will vary greatly depending on how tightly spun they are, the fiber they're made of, and the dye used to color them.\",\n \"Check to see whether the yarns you're interested in have been knitted into a sample. Many yarn shops knit up sample swatches or entire sweaters in the yarns they carry so that you can see what they look like worked up.\",\n \"If you want to work cables and stitch patterns, a smooth plied yarn in a solid color gives your stitches a crisp look, showcasing your effort. Cables and pattern stitches worked in soft single plies have a slightly softer appearance than when worked in highly twisted yarns. In general, plied and twisted yarns are sophisticated and classic. Single plies are rustic and relaxed.\",\n \"Yarn consists of one or more strands of yarn called plies. Plied yarns are made from several plies of yarn twisted together. The thickness of a given yarn is determined not by the number of plies, but by their individual thickness. If the plies are thin, a 4-ply yarn can be finer than a heavy single-ply yarn.\",\n \"If color is what you're after, a simple stockinette sweater knitted up in a colorful hand-painted or sparkling novelty yarn will make a knock-out sweater with relatively little knitting effort. Simple stitch patterns are best. Don't knock yourself out with tricky stitch work if you're using a variegated yarn. The texture won't show up, and all your stitch-making effort will be for naught.\",\n \"If you love Fair Isle patterns, smooth plied yarns in contrasting colors give you clear and readable patterns. But don't overlook the possibilities of using a hand-painted yarn as one of your colored yarns. A variegated yarn in a single color that shades from light to dark has the subtlety of a watercolor.\",\n \"Some novelty yarns can be tricky to work with. If you're dying to work with a novelty yarn, start with a variegated dyed or painted simple plied yarn. These give lots of color variation and interest, but the strand of yarn is itself easy to see. Identifying individual stitches in highly textured yarns is difficult if not impossible, making it hard to fix mistakes or rip out stitches.\",\n \"The wilder the yarn, the simpler the sweater shape and pattern stitch should be. The plainer the yarn, the more texture and shaping details will show up.\",\n \"For cotton, silk, and other yarns that are inelastic, look for patterns that don't depend on rib for fit. Find patterns that hang straight to highlight the drape of these yarns.\",\n \"If you have your heart set on a cotton sweater with a ribbed border and you want the ribbing to pull in and not hang straight, ask the people at your yarn shop whether they have an elastic thread that you can work along with your regular yarn in the rib or edging pattern.\",\n \"If you shop in a specialty yarn store, chances are that the people who work there have experience with their yarns and with knitting in general. They're there to help you and encourage you. Feel free to ask questions about the yarn you're considering for your project. Here are some good questions to keep in mind:\",\n \"Whatever yarn you choose, remember that you're going to be seeing a lot of it. Hundreds of yards of it will be passing through your fingers as you build — stitch by stitch — your knitted project. Make sure that what you choose is worth your effort. You don't always have to spend more money for good quality, but if you do, you'll save yourself a headache or two, and you'll have a beautiful garment or project to show for your effort.\",\n \"Learn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up on your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project - For Dummies\\n\\nSee All Topics\\n\\n * Small Business & Careers\\n * Computers & Software\\n * Consumer Electronics\\n * Crafts & Hobbies\\n * Education & Languages\\n * Food & Drink\\n * Health & Fitness\\n * Home & Garden\\n * Internet & Social Media\\n * Music & Creative Arts\\n * Personal Finance\\n * Pets\\n * Photography & Video\\n * Relationships & Family\\n * Religion & Spirituality\\n * Sports & Outdoors\\n * Games\\n\\n * Crafts & Hobbies\\n\\n * Coin Collecting\\n * How To Crochet\\n * How To Knit\\n * How To Quilt\\n * Paper Crafting\\n * How To Scrapbook\\n * How To Sew\\n * Holiday Crafts\\n * Jewelry Making & Beading For Dummies Extras\\n * How To Knit\\n\\n * Fixing Mistakes\\n * Hand-Dyeing Yarn\\n * Hand-Spinning Yarn\\n * Knitting For Dummies Extras\\n * Needles & Yarn\\n * Projects\\n * Stitches & Designs\\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\\n * Needles & Yarn\\n\\nHow to Wind a Hank of Yarn\\n\\n|\\n\\nHow to Join the Round on a Circular Needle\\n\\n|\\n\\nTypes of Yarn Fibers \\n \\n---|---|--- \\n \\n# Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project\\n\\nYarns, garment shapes, and stitch patterns must work together for your\\nknitting project to be successful. If you plan to knit a scarf or a blanket,\\ngo ahead and let the yarn you fall in love with dictate the outcome of your\\nproject. However, if you plan to make a sweater, using a sweater pattern as\\nyour starting point is the simplest way to get going on a project. You can\\npurchase the yarn specified in the pattern or something similar enough (check\\nwith a knowledgeable salesperson) to ensure that the completed garment will\\nlook like the one in the picture.\\n\\n## The gauge of yarn\\n\\nIf an irresistible yarn is your starting point and you want to make a sweater,\\nfind a pattern written especially for the kind of yarn you've chosen and hope\\nthat you like the style. Another option is to select a pattern calling for\\nanother yarn that works up to the same gauge as the yarn you've chosen. If the\\npattern you've chosen expects you to get 4 stitches and 6 rows to the inch and\\nyour yarn gives you something different, your sweater will turn out a\\ndifferent size than the one given in the pattern.\\n\\nGauge (sometimes called 'tension' is listed at the beginning of a pattern\\nbefore the instructions proper begin. It's given as a number of stitches and\\nrows over 4 square inches or 10 square centimeters. It also tells what needle\\nand what stitch pattern were used to determine the gauge.\\n\\nJust because two yarns have the same gauge doesn't mean that they can\\nsubstitute for each other successfully in a given pattern. If they have\\ndifferent characteristics — texture, drape, fiber, and color — the final\\ngarment will look and feel different from the one pictured on your pattern.\\n\\nIt isn't easy to predict what yarn in a ball will look like when it's knitted\\nup. This is especially true of novelty yarns. Jewel-colored hanks may look\\nbeautiful when displayed in a basket, but like mush when knitted up. Even\\nplainer traditional yarns can surprise you. Their drape and feel will vary\\ngreatly depending on how tightly spun they are, the fiber they're made of, and\\nthe dye used to color them.\\n\\nCheck to see whether the yarns you're interested in have been knitted into a\\nsample. Many yarn shops knit up sample swatches or entire sweaters in the\\nyarns they carry so that you can see what they look like worked up.\\n\\n## Texture and color of yarn\\n\\nIf you want to work cables and stitch patterns, a smooth plied yarn in a solid\\ncolor gives your stitches a crisp look, showcasing your effort. Cables and\\npattern stitches worked in soft single plies have a slightly softer appearance\\nthan when worked in highly twisted yarns. In general, plied and twisted yarns\\nare sophisticated and classic. Single plies are rustic and relaxed.\\n\\nYarn consists of one or more strands of yarn called plies. Plied yarns are\\nmade from several plies of yarn twisted together. The thickness of a given\\nyarn is determined not by the number of plies, but by their individual\\nthickness. If the plies are thin, a 4-ply yarn can be finer than a heavy\\nsingle-ply yarn.\\n\\nIf color is what you're after, a simple stockinette sweater knitted up in a\\ncolorful hand-painted or sparkling novelty yarn will make a knock-out sweater\\nwith relatively little knitting effort. Simple stitch patterns are best. Don't\\nknock yourself out with tricky stitch work if you're using a variegated yarn.\\nThe texture won't show up, and all your stitch-making effort will be for\\nnaught.\\n\\nIf you love Fair Isle patterns, smooth plied yarns in contrasting colors give\\nyou clear and readable patterns. But don't overlook the possibilities of using\\na hand-painted yarn as one of your colored yarns. A variegated yarn in a\\nsingle color that shades from light to dark has the subtlety of a watercolor.\\n\\nSome novelty yarns can be tricky to work with. If you're dying to work with a\\nnovelty yarn, start with a variegated dyed or painted simple plied yarn. These\\ngive lots of color variation and interest, but the strand of yarn is itself\\neasy to see. Identifying individual stitches in highly textured yarns is\\ndifficult if not impossible, making it hard to fix mistakes or rip out\\nstitches.\\n\\nThe wilder the yarn, the simpler the sweater shape and pattern stitch should\\nbe. The plainer the yarn, the more texture and shaping details will show up.\\n\\n## Fiber content of yarn\\n\\nFor cotton, silk, and other yarns that are inelastic, look for patterns that\\ndon't depend on rib for fit. Find patterns that hang straight to highlight the\\ndrape of these yarns.\\n\\nIf you have your heart set on a cotton sweater with a ribbed border and you\\nwant the ribbing to pull in and not hang straight, ask the people at your yarn\\nshop whether they have an elastic thread that you can work along with your\\nregular yarn in the rib or edging pattern.\\n\\nIf you shop in a specialty yarn store, chances are that the people who work\\nthere have experience with their yarns and with knitting in general. They're\\nthere to help you and encourage you. Feel free to ask questions about the yarn\\nyou're considering for your project. Here are some good questions to keep in\\nmind:\\n\\n * Does it pill?\\n\\n * Is it colorfast?\\n\\n * Will it stretch?\\n\\n * Is it easy to knit with?\\n\\n * Does it work with the pattern I've chosen?\\n\\n * What size needle will it work best with?\\n\\nWhatever yarn you choose, remember that you're going to be seeing a lot of it.\\nHundreds of yards of it will be passing through your fingers as you build —\\nstitch by stitch — your knitted project. Make sure that what you choose is\\nworth your effort. You don't always have to spend more money for good quality,\\nbut if you do, you'll save yourself a headache or two, and you'll have a\\nbeautiful garment or project to show for your effort.\\n\\n * Add a Comment\\n * Print\\n * Share\\n\\n#### Recommends\\n\\n#### Promoted Stories From Around The Web\\n\\nCOMMENTS »\\n\\nblog comments powered by Disqus\\n\\nHow Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size\\n\\nTypes of Knitting Needles\\n\\nHow to Join the Round on Double-Pointed Needles\\n\\nHow to Read Yarn Labels\\n\\nLooking at Different Kinds of Knitting Needles\\n\\n#### Featured Book\\n\\nKnitting For Dummies, 3rd Edition\\n\\nUS $24.99 Add To Cart\\n\\n#### More For Dummies\\n\\nOnline Test Banks\\n\\nBrowse Online Courses\\n\\nExplore Mobile Apps\\n\\nShop for Books and More\\n\\n#### Newsletters\\n\\n##### Games, Hobbies & Sports\\n\\nLearn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up\\non your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\\n\\nMore Newsletters »\\n\\nAbout us\\n\\n * About For Dummies\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms and Conditions\\n * Advertise with Us\\n * Manage Your E-Mail Newsletters\\n * Help\\n\\n|\\n\\nMore From Dummies\\n\\n * Mobile Site\\n * My Account\\n * Dummies B2B Services\\n * Online Test Banks\\n * eLearning\\n * Mobile Apps\\n * Dummies Store\\n * Sweepstakes\\n\\n|\\n\\nTopics A-Z\\n\\n * Small Business & Careers\\n * Computers & Software\\n * Consumer Electronics\\n * Crafts & Hobbies\\n * Education & Languages\\n * Food & Drink\\n * Games\\n * Health & Fitness\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Home & Garden\\n * Internet & Social Media\\n * Music & Creative Arts\\n * Personal Finance\\n * Pets\\n * Photography & Video\\n * Relationships & Family\\n * Religion & Spirituality\\n * Sports & Outdoors\\n\\n \\n \\n---|---|---|--- \\n \\nCopyright © 2016 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823103911/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Choosing Yarn: Test the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In knitting when we think about yarn substitution, most of us are guilty of just matching the gauge and moving on. It doesn't matter how that gauge looks to us, even if the stitches look like they're packed in there tightly. If we get the correct amount of stitches per inch, we're happy.\",\n \"This usually works out for us if we're knitting something like a tech case. But what if it's a wearable? Things can go wrong in ways you never expected when you don't consider draping while choosing yarn for your project.\",\n \"Think about loose drapes, like light, airy mohair shawls. Or how about something that barely has drape at all, like a super bulky-weight knit in a gauge so tiny the stitches have nowhere to go and therefore stand at attention?\",\n \"This shawl was knit with an alpaca-silk blend (yummy!) and a merino lace edging. Notice how it gathers and falls around the neck and shoulders. Let's say you want to substitute this yarn for something in your stash of the same weight. The weight matches, and you've managed to achieve the same gauge as the pattern. So does that make it a good substitution? Eh, not exactly. If your yarn sub is made of something a bit stiffer (say, a wool for example) then your shawl is not going to tuck and roll like the one in this photo. It might actually stand straight up instead.\",\n \"There are a couple of things you can do to avoid completing a 20+ hour project only to find the drape makes it totally unwearable.\",\n \"Search online to find knitters who have used the yarn you're thinking about using as a substitution. If they made an item similar to the one you want to make, even better! Notice how the yarn drapes in the photos. Do you like it?\",\n \"Knitting a larger swatch has a lot of advantages, and draping is one of them. If you just knit the usual 4\\\" x 4\\\" swatch, you can't tell much about it. Knitting a larger swatch not only gives you a more accurate gauge measurement, but it also makes the draping much more obvious. A small, lightweight swatch isn't going to show off the drape, especially if that little swatch is going to turn into something like a big, cozy sweater.\",\n \"Don't just measure your swatch. Put it through the same routine as you would your clothing. Wad it up, wash it. Knitting designer Lily Chin is a fan of hanging your swatch on the wall to see how it falls and hangs. Does it droop? Does it stand perfectly straight? These are all good indicators of how the yarn will look and behave once it's knitted into a bigger project.\",\n \"Achieving the right drape is just the first step in knitting well-fit knits. Check out Craftsy's Fit Your Knits with Stefanie Japel and Feminine Fit with Joan McGowan-Michael for tips on everything you need to know about fitting knits before you even put the project on the needles, from calculating increases to adding bust darts.\",\n \"Great article. I frequently substitute yarn from what the sample pattern is knit up with, mostly because of budget. I have learned over the years to take drape into consideration after several mishaps. My very first (and worst) substitution was a sweater I knitted for my then fiancee. The pattern called for this very expensive wool blend and I was rather poor so I substituted a budget acrylic. I made my 4′′ gauge swatch, washed it and blocked it (although at the time I didn’t know that acrylic really doesn’t block well). Once I was satisfied that I was knitting the right gauge to make the sweater fit correctly I knitted it up. I spent weeks working on the sweater and when it was finished I presented the sweater as a Christmas gift to my fiancee. When he pulled it out of the gift box he gave me an odd look, but said how much he loved the color and the pattern that I had chosen. He kept the sweater in his dresser drawer, always at the top so it was the first thing he saw when he opened the drawer, but I never saw him wear the sweater. Our marriage unfortunately did not survive and we parted ways, but remained friends. Years later I was unpacking my son’s room in our new house and I found the sweater among his belongings. I asked him where he had gotten it and he told me his dad had given it to him. He told our son that he should always keep the sweater at the top of the drawer to remind him that my love was as bullet proof as the sweater and that’s why he had kept it at the top of his drawer for all those years. The moral of the story is, had I knitted up a larger swatch of the budget yarn I would have easily seen that the yarn, while right on target gauge wise, was much too stiff to use for a pullover sweater.\",\n \"Such a nice story. Thank you for sharing, Marcia! Even if no one ever wore the sweater, at least it is getting lots of use as a memento!\",\n \"Many of my friends and I have taught ourselves to knit and crochet. Unfortunately you don’t see much about draping qualities written and so we learn the hard way about things like using the wrong yarn for a project. Many times, the experiences are very expensive, frustrating and so bad that we quit, or never try the same thing again. It would be so nice to find one book that really discusses all facets of knitting or crocheting so that you don’t have to buy a ton of books to learn. I had never thought of using the term draping for yarn. I just thought it was the wrong yarn for a project. I sew and know that draping fabrics is very important. Just didn’t associate the term with yarn. Now I know and have learned something today. Thanks for this article.\",\n \"Learn from the world's best knitting instructors when you join Craftsy now. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Choosing Yarn: Test the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch\\n\\n 1. Join or Sign In\\n 2. 1. My Craftsy\\n 2. My Settings\\n 3. My Wishlist\\n 4. My Order History\\n 5. Sign Out\\n\\nJoin or Sign In\\n\\n 1. Online Classes\\n\\n 1. Sewing & Quilting »\\n 2. Sewing\\n 3. Quilting\\n 4. Embroidery\\n 5. Cake & Cooking »\\n 6. Cake Decorating\\n 7. Food & Cooking\\n 8. Yarn & Fiber Arts »\\n 9. Knitting\\n 10. 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Blog\\n\\nDownload the Craftsy App\\n\\nMy Craftsy | Sign out\\n\\nBlog Home » Knitting Blog » Choosing Yarn: Testing the Draping of Your Knitted\\nSwatch\\n\\n# Choosing Yarn: Testing the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch\\n\\nPosted by Ashley Little // Oct 16, 2013\\n\\nIn knitting when we think about yarn substitution, most of us are guilty of\\njust matching the gauge and moving on. It doesn't matter how that gauge looks\\nto us, even if the stitches look like they're packed in there tightly. If we\\nget the correct amount of stitches per inch, we're happy.\\n\\nThis usually works out for us if we're knitting something like a tech case.\\nBut what if it's a wearable? Things can go wrong in ways you never expected\\nwhen you don't consider draping while choosing yarn for your project.\\n\\n## Draping isn't some fancy knitting term. It's exactly what you think it is:\\nhow fabric (including knitted fabric) moves and hangs.\\n\\nThink about loose drapes, like light, airy mohair shawls. Or how about\\nsomething that barely has drape at all, like a super bulky-weight knit in a\\ngauge so tiny the stitches have nowhere to go and therefore stand at\\nattention?\\n\\nLet's use this beautiful Arcadian shawl by Craftsy member Knitting Kninja as\\nan example:\\n\\nThis shawl was knit with an alpaca-silk blend (yummy!) and a merino lace\\nedging. Notice how it gathers and falls around the neck and shoulders. Let's\\nsay you want to substitute this yarn for something in your stash of the same\\nweight. The weight matches, and you've managed to achieve the same gauge as\\nthe pattern. So does that make it a good substitution? Eh, not exactly. If\\nyour yarn sub is made of something a bit stiffer (say, a wool for example)\\nthen your shawl is not going to tuck and roll like the one in this photo. It\\nmight actually stand straight up instead.\\n\\n## How to solve a drape problem\\n\\nThere are a couple of things you can do to avoid completing a 20+ hour project\\nonly to find the drape makes it totally unwearable.\\n\\n### 1\\\\. Research online\\n\\nSearch online to find knitters who have used the yarn you're thinking about\\nusing as a substitution. If they made an item similar to the one you want to\\nmake, even better! Notice how the yarn drapes in the photos. Do you like it?\\n\\n### 2\\\\. Knit a bigger swatch\\n\\nKnitting a larger swatch has a lot of advantages, and draping is one of them.\\nIf you just knit the usual 4\\\" x 4\\\" swatch, you can't tell much about it.\\nKnitting a larger swatch not only gives you a more accurate gauge measurement,\\nbut it also makes the draping much more obvious. A small, lightweight swatch\\nisn't going to show off the drape, especially if that little swatch is going\\nto turn into something like a big, cozy sweater.\\n\\n### 3\\\\. Test your swatch\\n\\nDon't just measure your swatch. Put it through the same routine as you would\\nyour clothing. Wad it up, wash it. Knitting designer Lily Chin is a fan of\\nhanging your swatch on the wall to see how it falls and hangs. Does it droop?\\nDoes it stand perfectly straight? These are all good indicators of how the\\nyarn will look and behave once it's knitted into a bigger project.\\n\\n> Achieving the right drape is just the first step in knitting well-fit knits.\\n> Check out Craftsy's Fit Your Knits with Stefanie Japel and Feminine Fit with\\n> Joan McGowan-Michael for tips on everything you need to know about fitting\\n> knits before you even put the project on the needles, from calculating\\n> increases to adding bust darts.\\n\\n### Have you ever experienced a yarn substitution draping nightmare?\\n\\n### Related Posts\\n\\n * Cutting Your Knitting on Purpose (Yikes!) With Steeks\\n * Get the Right Fit for Your Knits: What Is Positive Ease?\\n * Get the Right Fit: All About Negative Ease\\n * Let’s Play Runway: Design Your Own Sweater\\n * A Perfect Fit! Taking Body Measurements for Knits\\n\\n### 3 Comments\\n\\nMarciaC Oct 17, 2013\\n\\nGreat article. I frequently substitute yarn from what the sample pattern is\\nknit up with, mostly because of budget. I have learned over the years to take\\ndrape into consideration after several mishaps. My very first (and worst)\\nsubstitution was a sweater I knitted for my then fiancee. The pattern called\\nfor this very expensive wool blend and I was rather poor so I substituted a\\nbudget acrylic. I made my 4′′ gauge swatch, washed it and blocked it (although\\nat the time I didn’t know that acrylic really doesn’t block well). Once I was\\nsatisfied that I was knitting the right gauge to make the sweater fit\\ncorrectly I knitted it up. I spent weeks working on the sweater and when it\\nwas finished I presented the sweater as a Christmas gift to my fiancee. When\\nhe pulled it out of the gift box he gave me an odd look, but said how much he\\nloved the color and the pattern that I had chosen. He kept the sweater in his\\ndresser drawer, always at the top so it was the first thing he saw when he\\nopened the drawer, but I never saw him wear the sweater. Our marriage\\nunfortunately did not survive and we parted ways, but remained friends. Years\\nlater I was unpacking my son’s room in our new house and I found the sweater\\namong his belongings. I asked him where he had gotten it and he told me his\\ndad had given it to him. He told our son that he should always keep the\\nsweater at the top of the drawer to remind him that my love was as bullet\\nproof as the sweater and that’s why he had kept it at the top of his drawer\\nfor all those years. The moral of the story is, had I knitted up a larger\\nswatch of the budget yarn I would have easily seen that the yarn, while right\\non target gauge wise, was much too stiff to use for a pullover sweater.\\n\\nReply\\n\\nAshley Oct 18, 2013\\n\\nSuch a nice story. Thank you for sharing, Marcia! Even if no one ever wore the\\nsweater, at least it is getting lots of use as a memento!\\n\\nReply\\n\\nPat Oct 17, 2013\\n\\nMany of my friends and I have taught ourselves to knit and crochet.\\nUnfortunately you don’t see much about draping qualities written and so we\\nlearn the hard way about things like using the wrong yarn for a project. Many\\ntimes, the experiences are very expensive, frustrating and so bad that we\\nquit, or never try the same thing again. It would be so nice to find one book\\nthat really discusses all facets of knitting or crocheting so that you don’t\\nhave to buy a ton of books to learn. I had never thought of using the term\\ndraping for yarn. I just thought it was the wrong yarn for a project. I sew\\nand know that draping fabrics is very important. Just didn’t associate the\\nterm with yarn. Now I know and have learned something today. Thanks for this\\narticle.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n### Select your interest\\n\\n#### Subscribe & Join Craftsy\\n\\nLearn from the world's best knitting instructors when you join Craftsy now.\\nPlus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\\n\\n#### Get Tutorials, Tips & More\\n\\nBe the first to enjoy new knitting tutorials, resources, contests, giveaways &\\nmuch more. It's free!\\n\\nSubscribe Now »\\n\\n#### Success!\\n\\nCheck your inbox for a subscription activation email to enjoy all the perks of\\nbeing a Craftsy blog buddy.\\n\\n#### TOPICS\\n\\n * Fundamentals\\n * Techniques\\n * Fast & Friendly\\n * Accessories\\n * Shawls & Sweaters\\n * Fitting\\n * Pattern Design\\n * Business Basics\\n\\n#### FOLLOW US\\n\\nGet help or contact us\\n\\n### About Craftsy\\n\\n * Blog\\n * Careers\\n * About Us\\n * Craftsy Cares\\n * Our Affiliate Program\\n\\n### Discover\\n\\n * Quilting\\n * Cake Decorating\\n * Knitting\\n * Sewing\\n * Mobile Apps\\n * Sitemap\\n\\n### Elsewhere\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Youtube\\n * Google+\\n\\nTake Craftsy with you!\\n\\nCraftsy Apps for iOS and Android. Read more »\\n\\n©2015 Craftsy and Sympoz Inc.Terms of UsePrivacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160805191020/http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The desired drape of the fabric that you’re knitting will influence the gauge and the yarn and needle size you choose for your project. To decide on knitted drape, consider if you want the finished piece to be soft and flowing, very stiff, or somewhere in between. After you determine the drape, you can choose the right yarn and the right gauge for your project.\",\n \"Very dense, stiff: This density requires the smallest needles. For almost any purpose, this gauge is just too tight. If you’re trying to substitute yarns and the fabric that you make ends up too dense when knit at the gauge called for in the pattern, it isn’t the right yarn for the job. You need to find a thinner yarn for the project.\",\n \"Dense, but moveable: The piece won’t be floppy at all and will insist on keeping its own shape, rather than following the lines of the body.\",\n \"Covers, but drapes: You can see a bit of light through it when you hold it up. And when you put it on your hand, it moves to follow the shape of your hand, but it isn’t see-through.\",\n \"Drapes very easily: With larger needles, the stitches are very large. In this case, the knitted fabric is as much about the light and air between the stitches as it is about the yarn that surrounds these holes.\",\n \"Whatever type of garment you’re knitting, think a bit about what sort of drape and fabric suits it best when determining whether your gauge is right on target. Any yarn can be knit at a variety of gauges. But getting gauge right also means deciding whether you like the fabric you’ve knit and whether you think that it’s right for the project that you want to make.\",\n \"Learn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up on your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size - For Dummies\\n\\nSee All Topics\\n\\n * Small Business & Careers\\n * Computers & Software\\n * Consumer Electronics\\n * Crafts & Hobbies\\n * Education & Languages\\n * Food & Drink\\n * Health & Fitness\\n * Home & Garden\\n * Internet & Social Media\\n * Music & Creative Arts\\n * Personal Finance\\n * Pets\\n * Photography & Video\\n * Relationships & Family\\n * Religion & Spirituality\\n * Sports & Outdoors\\n * Games\\n\\n * Crafts & Hobbies\\n\\n * Coin Collecting\\n * How To Crochet\\n * How To Knit\\n * How To Quilt\\n * Paper Crafting\\n * How To Scrapbook\\n * How To Sew\\n * Holiday Crafts\\n * Jewelry Making & Beading For Dummies Extras\\n * How To Knit\\n\\n * Fixing Mistakes\\n * Hand-Dyeing Yarn\\n * Hand-Spinning Yarn\\n * Knitting For Dummies Extras\\n * Needles & Yarn\\n * Projects\\n * Stitches & Designs\\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\\n\\nHow to Cast On with the Two-Strand Method\\n\\n|\\n\\nHow to Knit a Twist to the Left\\n\\n|\\n\\nKnitting in the Round with Common Stitches \\n \\n---|---|--- \\n \\n# How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size\\n\\nBy Kristi Porter from Knitting Patterns For Dummies\\n\\nThe desired drape of the fabric that you’re knitting will influence the gauge\\nand the yarn and needle size you choose for your project. To decide on knitted\\ndrape, consider if you want the finished piece to be soft and flowing, very\\nstiff, or somewhere in between. After you determine the drape, you can choose\\nthe right yarn and the right gauge for your project.\\n\\nHere are the general kinds of knitting drape:\\n\\n * Very dense, stiff: This density requires the smallest needles. For almost any purpose, this gauge is just too tight. If you’re trying to substitute yarns and the fabric that you make ends up too dense when knit at the gauge called for in the pattern, it isn’t the right yarn for the job. You need to find a thinner yarn for the project.\\n\\n * Dense, but moveable: The piece won’t be floppy at all and will insist on keeping its own shape, rather than following the lines of the body.\\n\\n * Covers, but drapes: You can see a bit of light through it when you hold it up. And when you put it on your hand, it moves to follow the shape of your hand, but it isn’t see-through.\\n\\n * Drapes easily: You can definitely see light through the swatch and maybe even some skin. The fabric drapes easily.\\n\\n * Drapes very easily: With larger needles, the stitches are very large. In this case, the knitted fabric is as much about the light and air between the stitches as it is about the yarn that surrounds these holes.\\n\\nWhatever type of garment you’re knitting, think a bit about what sort of drape\\nand fabric suits it best when determining whether your gauge is right on\\ntarget. Any yarn can be knit at a variety of gauges. But getting gauge right\\nalso means deciding whether you like the fabric you’ve knit and whether you\\nthink that it’s right for the project that you want to make.\\n\\n * Add a Comment\\n * Print\\n * Share\\n\\n#### Recommends\\n\\n#### Promoted Stories From Around The Web\\n\\nCOMMENTS »\\n\\nblog comments powered by Disqus\\n\\nKnitting in the Round with Two Circular Needles\\n\\nHow to Cast On with the Thumb Method\\n\\nHow to Bind Off in the Round\\n\\nHow to Knit in the Round on Double-Pointed Needles\\n\\nHow to Block Crochet or Knitting with Liquid Starch\\n\\n#### Featured Book\\n\\nKnitting Patterns For Dummies\\n\\nUS $19.99 Add To Cart\\n\\n#### More For Dummies\\n\\nOnline Test Banks\\n\\nBrowse Online Courses\\n\\nExplore Mobile Apps\\n\\nShop for Books and More\\n\\n#### Newsletters\\n\\n##### Games, Hobbies & Sports\\n\\nLearn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up\\non your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\\n\\nMore Newsletters »\\n\\nAbout us\\n\\n * About For Dummies\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Terms and Conditions\\n * Advertise with Us\\n * Manage Your E-Mail Newsletters\\n * Help\\n\\n|\\n\\nMore From Dummies\\n\\n * Mobile Site\\n * My Account\\n * Dummies B2B Services\\n * Online Test Banks\\n * eLearning\\n * Mobile Apps\\n * Dummies Store\\n * Sweepstakes\\n\\n|\\n\\nTopics A-Z\\n\\n * Small Business & Careers\\n * Computers & Software\\n * Consumer Electronics\\n * Crafts & Hobbies\\n * Education & Languages\\n * Food & Drink\\n * Games\\n * Health & Fitness\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Home & Garden\\n * Internet & Social Media\\n * Music & Creative Arts\\n * Personal Finance\\n * Pets\\n * Photography & Video\\n * Relationships & Family\\n * Religion & Spirituality\\n * Sports & Outdoors\\n\\n \\n \\n---|---|---|--- \\n \\nCopyright © 2016 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210519032159/https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by Michelle Miller\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you are working on a special project and are concerned that you might run out of yarn there are a few things you can to do safe guard against it. The first thing you can do is buy extra yarn. Many places have a friendly return policy or will hold a skein aside for you in the event that you need it. If you have a deadline and very special knitting to do like a wedding or baptism knitting project it’s best to buy extra yarn and sell it or trade it if you don’t end up using it. Always ensure that you have set aside enough yarn for your project. It will save you a lot of heartache, frustration, time and money to plan ahead.\",\n \"Why did I add that? Because we’re all human, no one is perfect and no two people are exactly alike. Each and every person knits a different way. I even discovered that two people, using the same pattern, yarn, and knitting needles can create a knitted sample where one uses 80 yards more than the other!\",\n \"Gauge is fluid. It’s like reading mile markers on the highway. It helps guide you in the right direction toward completing a knitting project favorably but there are a number of factors that can change your gauge, and specifically how much yardage is used in your project.\",\n \"The first thing you can do to avoid running out of yarn is use the yarn specified in the pattern. If you don’t want to do that or it’s not practical to do so, it is perfectly fine to substitute yarn in your knitting project. However, you should educate yourself on HOW to substitute a yarn. For example, an inelastic yarn will take up much more yardage than an elastic yarn. And this includes yarns that have only a percentage of inelastic yarn mixed with elastic fiber! If the yarn specified in the pattern calls for 100% wool and you use 90% wool and 10% alpaca, and your gauge is perfect, you will still need more yarn! Why? Inelastic yarns do not stretch like wool. And if the yarn does not stretch, you will not be able to block it to the same size as a project made with wool.\",\n \"This is not a comprehensive list, but some examples of inelastic fibers include all the cellulose fibers such as Silk, Linen, and Hemp. Alpaca falls into the category as well as tencel, bamboo, cotton and rayon. Basically any fiber that does not have “give” or stretch will fall into the heading of an inelastic fiber.\",\n \"An elastic fiber is going to be something that has memory, drape, and can stretch when you wet it other wise known as blocking. Different breeds of wool are going to have varying amounts of memory and stretch, which is closely related to the crimp of the fiber. To give you an idea of how commercial yarn is generated, Colonial wool is made when mills buy up lots (like an auction) of wool fiber from various farmers and mix it all together to make yarn. The quality of the wool (which can affect yarn memory) will vary by season according to the animal’s health, age, and even the elements. So the generic wool you buy one year may have different stretching qualities than the next!\",\n \"Even with elastic fibers, there is no guarantee that you will use the same amount of yardage using the same starting conditions! Why? Gauge is certainly one issue, but so is twist. The yarn on the left has a tight twist, which makes it harder wearing. The amount of twist compared to the yarn on the right is quite firm and tight, with more twists per inch. The yarn on the right has a looser twist, which means it’s going to drape more, be softer, and sometimes a looser twisted yarn will pill when shorter fibers work themselves out of the yarn. You’ve probably seen this with cashmere (a very short fiber) and you definitely see pilling in a single ply yarn that undergoes friction where twist isn’t locking the fibers into place. A tighter twisted yarn is denser, so by weight you will require more of it to complete a project than you will a loosely twisted yarn. Hand spun yarns are also denser than commercial spun because they are made by human hands, not a machine. Hand spun yarns also usually require more yardage by weight than a commercial spun yarn to complete a project.\",\n \"So what now? Well, measuring gauge is a good place to start. Specifically if you are knitting to fit. If you are using 2000 yards to knit a sweater, it’d be a good idea to measure your gauge first so that you don’t have a rude awakening after your sweater has hit the water and is too large or too small after approximately 10,000 hours of knitting time.\",\n \"To measure gauge, you need to knit a generously sized swatch. Wash it the way you intend on washing the finished project, and allow it to dry before measuring. I really like the way Faina Goberstein addresses gauge swatches in her Craftsy Class on Sizing Knitwear Patterns.\",\n \"What do you do if your gauge swatch is too small? Rework your gauge swatch a second time on a larger needle. Repeat as necessary.\",\n \"What do you do if your gauge swatch is too large? Rework your gauge swatch a second time on a smaller needle. Repeat as necessary.\",\n \"What do you do if your Row gauge has too many rows? Your yarn is too skinny, consider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project will use up more yardage.\",\n \"What do you do if your Row gauge has too few rows? Your yarn is too fat (I know, I know), consider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project could use up more yardage.\",\n \"What if your gauge changes mid project? Elizabeth Zimmermann addressed it best in Knitting without Tears. To summarize, she had a special project set aside for when she was angry and needed to knit. You see even, emotional outlook can change your gauge! And if gauge switching can happen to Elizabeth, it can happen to any of us! So stay aware of your needles and be present in the moment to stay “in gauge.”\",\n \"I really like what Robin Hunter says about Row gauge in her post on How to Become a Professional Knitter called Beware of Sound Bites. In fact, have a look through all of Robin’s informational posts, I think you’ll learn a lot about yarn, knitting, and the yarn industry in general.\",\n \"Well now that you’ve been educated on Swatching and Yarn content while substituting yarns I’ll give you some hope on what you can do when the worst happens and you have run out of yarn! There are some great tips in my article What to do when you think you might run out of yarn and I’d like to add one more. If you’re down to the last few stitches on a knit on edge and you run out of yarn there are two additional options, you can simply finish up with a closely matching yarn you have in your stash, or if you are an advanced knitter, you may consider simply grafting the edge stitches with the live main body stitches.\",\n \"I have found that the most beautiful projects come about when something unexpected happens and I have to shift gears mid stream to come up with a new plan for finishing. Some of my absolutely favorite shawls knit from my patterns have a knit on edge knit using a different, contrasting yarn. It really makes that bold edge “pop” in a new and eye catching way.\",\n \"What it boils down to is we knit for different reasons. To give something hand made with love to a dear friend, to clothe a new baby, to adorn a bride, to find the perfect fitting sweater, to enjoy color, to enjoy the process, and to actively create something wonderful in our lives. I hope you enjoy the process and embrace the humanness of the act. We aren’t perfect and don’t produce or create the same way that machines do, and that’s part of beauty of knitting.\",\n \"More from the Author Please enjoy Gauge Part I, How to Knit a Gauge Swatch here and Gauge Part II, How one project knit by knitters equals two FOs here. Michelle has written over 120 Knitting Designs, published a Book (with more to follow), and at the time of publishing sells her work in 76 shops across the US in 28 states, and in three countries. For a comprehensive list of retailers click here. Michelle has an educational background in Physics, works as a knitting designer, and is a wife and parent to two children. She recently adopted her nephew who is disabled and spends her time knitting, writing, and learning to parent a special needs child after the loss of her sister and brother in law in 2011.\",\n \"I’m a huge fan of the “buy extra yarn” method. It has never failed me! Or other knitters who make use of my leftover yarn.\",\n \"And your post reminded me of the simple ribbed socks I knit when I was apartment hunting & moving 2 years ago. They are awfully small and tight, more so than the socks I knit with the same yarn months earlier. No, I was not at all stressed, why do you ask?\",\n \"All graphics, patterns, text, and content on this site are the sole property of Michelle Miller Copyright (c) 2004-2014 Michelle Miller\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by\\nMichelle Miller |\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n * Home\\n * Blog\\n * Book\\n * Book 2\\n * Errata\\n * Gallery\\n * Retailers\\n * SHOP\\n * Shows in 2013-14\\n * Wholesale\\n * About Us\\n\\n← What’s New With Fickle Knitter Design 9-13-12\\n\\nFickle Knitter at the 2012 Oregon Flock and Fiber Festival →\\n\\n# On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project\\nby Michelle Miller\\n\\nPosted on September 20, 2012 by Michelle\\n\\nOn Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by\\nMichelle Miller\\n\\nIf you are working on a special project and are concerned that you might run\\nout of yarn there are a few things you can to do safe guard against it. The\\nfirst thing you can do is buy extra yarn. Many places have a friendly return\\npolicy or will hold a skein aside for you in the event that you need it. If\\nyou have a deadline and very special knitting to do like a wedding or baptism\\nknitting project it’s best to buy extra yarn and sell it or trade it if you\\ndon’t end up using it. Always ensure that you have set aside enough yarn for\\nyour project. It will save you a lot of heartache, frustration, time and money\\nto plan ahead.\\n\\nRecently I have added a disclaimer that I’ve added to my patterns on ravelry.\\nIt states:\\n\\nYarn substitution may result in a change in estimated yardage, gauge and\\nfinished size of your individual project.\\n\\nWhy did I add that? Because we’re all human, no one is perfect and no two\\npeople are exactly alike. Each and every person knits a different way. I even\\ndiscovered that two people, using the same pattern, yarn, and knitting needles\\ncan create a knitted sample where one uses 80 yards more than the other!\\n\\nGauge is fluid. It’s like reading mile markers on the highway. It helps guide\\nyou in the right direction toward completing a knitting project favorably but\\nthere are a number of factors that can change your gauge, and specifically how\\nmuch yardage is used in your project.\\n\\nThe first thing you can do to avoid running out of yarn is use the yarn\\nspecified in the pattern. If you don’t want to do that or it’s not practical\\nto do so, it is perfectly fine to substitute yarn in your knitting project.\\nHowever, you should educate yourself on HOW to substitute a yarn. For example,\\nan inelastic yarn will take up much more yardage than an elastic yarn. And\\nthis includes yarns that have only a percentage of inelastic yarn mixed with\\nelastic fiber! If the yarn specified in the pattern calls for 100% wool and\\nyou use 90% wool and 10% alpaca, and your gauge is perfect, you will still\\nneed more yarn! Why? Inelastic yarns do not stretch like wool. And if the yarn\\ndoes not stretch, you will not be able to block it to the same size as a\\nproject made with wool.\\n\\nThis is not a comprehensive list, but some examples of inelastic fibers\\ninclude all the cellulose fibers such as Silk, Linen, and Hemp. Alpaca falls\\ninto the category as well as tencel, bamboo, cotton and rayon. Basically any\\nfiber that does not have “give” or stretch will fall into the heading of an\\ninelastic fiber.\\n\\nAn elastic fiber is going to be something that has memory, drape, and can\\nstretch when you wet it other wise known as blocking. Different breeds of wool\\nare going to have varying amounts of memory and stretch, which is closely\\nrelated to the crimp of the fiber. To give you an idea of how commercial yarn\\nis generated, Colonial wool is made when mills buy up lots (like an auction)\\nof wool fiber from various farmers and mix it all together to make yarn. The\\nquality of the wool (which can affect yarn memory) will vary by season\\naccording to the animal’s health, age, and even the elements. So the generic\\nwool you buy one year may have different stretching qualities than the next!\\n\\nEven with elastic fibers, there is no guarantee that you will use the same\\namount of yardage using the same starting conditions! Why? Gauge is certainly\\none issue, but so is twist. The yarn on the left has a tight twist, which\\nmakes it harder wearing. The amount of twist compared to the yarn on the right\\nis quite firm and tight, with more twists per inch. The yarn on the right has\\na looser twist, which means it’s going to drape more, be softer, and sometimes\\na looser twisted yarn will pill when shorter fibers work themselves out of the\\nyarn. You’ve probably seen this with cashmere (a very short fiber) and you\\ndefinitely see pilling in a single ply yarn that undergoes friction where\\ntwist isn’t locking the fibers into place. A tighter twisted yarn is denser,\\nso by weight you will require more of it to complete a project than you will a\\nloosely twisted yarn. Hand spun yarns are also denser than commercial spun\\nbecause they are made by human hands, not a machine. Hand spun yarns also\\nusually require more yardage by weight than a commercial spun yarn to complete\\na project.\\n\\nSo what now? Well, measuring gauge is a good place to start. Specifically if\\nyou are knitting to fit. If you are using 2000 yards to knit a sweater, it’d\\nbe a good idea to measure your gauge first so that you don’t have a rude\\nawakening after your sweater has hit the water and is too large or too small\\nafter approximately 10,000 hours of knitting time.\\n\\nTo measure gauge, you need to knit a generously sized swatch. Wash it the way\\nyou intend on washing the finished project, and allow it to dry before\\nmeasuring. I really like the way Faina Goberstein addresses gauge swatches in\\nher Craftsy Class on Sizing Knitwear Patterns.\\n\\nAlso I’ve written an article about how to knit a gauge swatch which you can\\nread here.\\n\\n## Gauge Swatch 101\\n\\nWhat do you do if your gauge swatch is too small? Rework your gauge swatch a\\nsecond time on a larger needle. Repeat as necessary.\\n\\nWhat do you do if your gauge swatch is too large? Rework your gauge swatch a\\nsecond time on a smaller needle. Repeat as necessary.\\n\\nWhat do you do if your Row gauge has too many rows? Your yarn is too skinny,\\nconsider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project\\nwill use up more yardage.\\n\\nWhat do you do if your Row gauge has too few rows? Your yarn is too fat (I\\nknow, I know), consider working the project with a different yarn or accept\\nthat the project could use up more yardage.\\n\\nWhat if your gauge changes mid project? Elizabeth Zimmermann addressed it best\\nin Knitting without Tears. To summarize, she had a special project set aside\\nfor when she was angry and needed to knit. You see even, emotional outlook can\\nchange your gauge! And if gauge switching can happen to Elizabeth, it can\\nhappen to any of us! So stay aware of your needles and be present in the\\nmoment to stay “in gauge.”\\n\\nI really like what Robin Hunter says about Row gauge in her post on How to\\nBecome a Professional Knitter called Beware of Sound Bites. In fact, have a\\nlook through all of Robin’s informational posts, I think you’ll learn a lot\\nabout yarn, knitting, and the yarn industry in general.\\n\\nWell now that you’ve been educated on Swatching and Yarn content while\\nsubstituting yarns I’ll give you some hope on what you can do when the worst\\nhappens and you have run out of yarn! There are some great tips in my article\\nWhat to do when you think you might run out of yarn and I’d like to add one\\nmore. If you’re down to the last few stitches on a knit on edge and you run\\nout of yarn there are two additional options, you can simply finish up with a\\nclosely matching yarn you have in your stash, or if you are an advanced\\nknitter, you may consider simply grafting the edge stitches with the live main\\nbody stitches.\\n\\nI have found that the most beautiful projects come about when something\\nunexpected happens and I have to shift gears mid stream to come up with a new\\nplan for finishing. Some of my absolutely favorite shawls knit from my\\npatterns have a knit on edge knit using a different, contrasting yarn. It\\nreally makes that bold edge “pop” in a new and eye catching way.\\n\\nWhat it boils down to is we knit for different reasons. To give something hand\\nmade with love to a dear friend, to clothe a new baby, to adorn a bride, to\\nfind the perfect fitting sweater, to enjoy color, to enjoy the process, and to\\nactively create something wonderful in our lives. I hope you enjoy the process\\nand embrace the humanness of the act. We aren’t perfect and don’t produce or\\ncreate the same way that machines do, and that’s part of beauty of knitting.\\n\\nMore from the Author Please enjoy Gauge Part I, How to Knit a Gauge Swatch\\nhere and Gauge Part II, How one project knit by knitters equals two FOs here.\\nMichelle has written over 120 Knitting Designs, published a Book (with more to\\nfollow), and at the time of publishing sells her work in 76 shops across the\\nUS in 28 states, and in three countries. For a comprehensive list of retailers\\nclick here. Michelle has an educational background in Physics, works as a\\nknitting designer, and is a wife and parent to two children. She recently\\nadopted her nephew who is disabled and spends her time knitting, writing, and\\nlearning to parent a special needs child after the loss of her sister and\\nbrother in law in 2011.\\n\\nMore Reading on Gauge How to Knit a Gauge Swatch Gauge, A Story What to do\\nwhen you think you might run out of yarn How to Calculate Hat Math How\\nto–Different Hat Sizes\\n\\nAdditional Resources Alden Amos Big Book of Handspinning Clara Parkes’ The\\nKnitter’s Book of Wool The Intentional Spinner by Judith Mackenzie McCuin\\n\\n## About Michelle\\n\\nKnitting Tin Hats since 2004.\\n\\nView all posts by Michelle →\\n\\nThis entry was posted in Uncategorized. Bookmark the permalink.\\n\\n← What’s New With Fickle Knitter Design 9-13-12\\n\\nFickle Knitter at the 2012 Oregon Flock and Fiber Festival →\\n\\n### One Response to On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your\\nKnitting Project by Michelle Miller\\n\\n 1. Kath says:\\n\\nSeptember 20, 2012 at 9:42 pm\\n\\nI’m a huge fan of the “buy extra yarn” method. It has never failed me! Or\\nother knitters who make use of my leftover yarn.\\n\\nAnd your post reminded me of the simple ribbed socks I knit when I was\\napartment hunting & moving 2 years ago. They are awfully small and tight, more\\nso than the socks I knit with the same yarn months earlier. No, I was not at\\nall stressed, why do you ask?\\n\\nComments are closed.\\n\\n * ### Subscribe\\n\\nSubscribe in a reader\\n\\n * ### Knitting Patterns\\n\\nAll Knitting Patterns One Skein Lace Knitting Patterns Women’s Knitting\\nPatterns Knitting Patterns for Baby Eco Knitting Patterns Cowl Knitting\\nPatterns Hat Knitting Patterns Scarf Knitting Patterns Knitting Pattern\\nCollections Sweater Knitting Patterns\\n\\n * ### Fine Retailers\\n\\nClick here for a full list of Shops\\n\\n * ### Fickle Knitter Interviews\\n\\nYarny Interviews\\n\\n * ### How To Articles\\n\\nPlan enough Yarn for your Project How To use JKnit How To Knit On Edgings How\\nTo Design on a Budget What to do if You Run out of Yarn FKD Photography Then\\nand Now Why Knitting Isn't Free How To Knit a Gauge Swatch How To Knit with\\nBeads Gauge, A Story Submit to Knit Picks IDP 7 Ways to be a Great Test\\nKnitter How to Create Lace Motifs Lace Triangle Construction How to Insert\\nLace Motifs How to--Short Rows for Shawls How To Block Shawls Knitting with\\nhandspun How to Calculate Hat Math How to--Different Hat Sizes Knit your own\\nTin Hat The Tu-Tutorial How To Use Stitch Markers\\n\\n * ### On Parenting Children with Disabilities\\n\\nDmitri Speaks Dmitri's Advancements Two Year Anniversary Lily of the Valley\\nFear Becoming the Parent of a Disabled Child July Dmitri Update Dmitri Then\\nand Now Memorial Day Dmitri's Wheel Chair Stealing Adventure Dmitri's First\\nChristmas with his new Family Coping with Loss Bringing Dmitri Home Still in\\nVirginia Losing Dmitri's Dad Dealing with Cancer and Living Out of State\\nVirginia and Not Portland Miriam's Journal-On Death Coping Losing Dmitri's Mom\\n\\n * ### Fickle Knitter, Interviewed\\n\\nInterview with Fiber Story TV Noble Knits Interview Robin Hunter Interview\\nBloom Magazine Interview\\n\\n * ### Search Fickle Knitter\\n\\n * All graphics, patterns, text, and content on this site are the sole property of Michelle Miller Copyright (c) 2004-2014 Michelle Miller\\n\\nProudly powered by WordPress.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2014/04/choosing-a-yarn-for-knitting-crochet\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823110942/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2014/04/choosing-a-yarn-for-knitting-crochet\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Choosing a Yarn for Knitting & Crochet\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"At the heart of both knitting and crocheting, there is fiber. Your projects are made entirely out of fibers, so it makes sense they are the most important aspect of your work. What makes certain fibers more appealing to work with than others? Is there a secret to choosing a yarn for certain knitting and crocheting projects? Below we examine some of the most prevalent fibers in commercially available yarns. I'll explain some of the characteristics of the different kinds of yarn, how they work up, and the fabrics they create.\",\n \"Learn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make savvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\",\n \"Below are three popular animal fibers. They are used in many yarns, alone and/or combined with other fibers. Animal fibers are generally very warm, yet lightweight, and are great choices for garments and cold weather accessories.\",\n \"Wool comes in a great assortment of colors and styles from a variety of sources (there are many breeds of sheep!). The texture of the yarn is primarily affected by the source of the wool. It is an easy fiber to work with and creates a great fabric for garments and accessories. Its natural elasticity helps it to retain its shape when worn.\",\n \"The fibers have microscopic barbs that like to stick to each other, so wool is prone to yarn felting when wet and agitated. It is a water-loving fiber and will absorb moisture readily. This gives it the great feature of wicking away moisture from skin, keeping its wearer dry.\",\n \"You can knit and crochet easily with wool. Working with the suggested needles/hooks to get the specified gauge is always recommended. If you desire fabrics with more drape and flexibility, increasing needle/hook size is a good idea.\",\n \"For a more detailed look at the different properties of different wools, see our post on types of wool for knitting and crochet.\",\n \"There are two types of alpaca yarns. The softer, silkier alpaca fiber is Suri. The more wool-like fiber is Huacaya. It is more suitable for knitting than Suri and a great alternative to sheep wool. It lacks lanolin, so it is hypoallergenic, and a good choice for knitted baby garments. The fiber creates a very soft and warm fabric that is less likely to felt when laundered.\",\n \"Alpaca fiber is often combined with other fibers in yarns. It lends its warmth and strength to other fibers like silk or even plant-based fibers like viscose.\",\n \"Cashmere is a luxury fiber from the cashmere goat. It is insulating and very, very soft. When worked at a normal gauge, the fabric created is perfect for scarves, shawls or even sweaters. It has a lightweight and silky drape. While readily available and easy to find, this fine fiber can be a bit pricey for the casual crafter.\",\n \"Plant-based fibers tend to be less elastic than animal fibers, but they are often stronger and more durable. They also retain less heat, so are more desirable in the spring and summer.\",\n \"There are a variety of cotton yarns on the market. There are also several different types of cotton yarn. It is generally a lightweight fiber that is great for warm weather projects. It is breathable, yet strong enough to withstand many washes, which will actually soften the yarn.\",\n \"Stitch definition with cotton is superb! Some finer cottons produce a drape comparable to even the silkiest of wools, but in general, cotton is very inelastic and likely to stretch and sag, a problem exacerbated by its ability to hold water so well.\",\n \"It would take me a long time to go through all of the fibers available for you to knit and crochet with. For much more detailed information about fibers and how fiber choice affects your projects, I implore you to check out Clara Parkes' new class: Know Your Yarn: Choose the Perfect Yarn Every Time. She goes beyond the fibers mentioned here and even talks about synthetic fibers, which are probably the most easily accessible yarns. There is also discussion about ply, which is extremely important when choosing yarn.\",\n \"I'm a wool gal, myself. I have been using it for hats for my children since they were babies and I love how soft they got through out the seasons.\",\n \"Learn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make savvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\",\n \"I am kind of uncertain when it comes to wool. The wool products I have come across so far are very scratchy to me. I can’t stand contact with them for more than 5 minutes, if that long. Is there a way to make the yarn softer? Or should I just avoid wool?\",\n \"Have you tried Merino wool? I can’t stand most wools around my neck or anywhere else near my face, but Merino works well.\",\n \"Learn from the world's best crocheting instructors when you join Craftsy now. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Choosing a Yarn for Knitting & Crochet\\n\\n 1. Join or Sign In\\n 2. 1. My Craftsy\\n 2. My Settings\\n 3. My Wishlist\\n 4. My Order History\\n 5. Sign Out\\n\\nJoin or Sign In\\n\\n 1. Online Classes\\n\\n 1. Sewing & Quilting »\\n 2. Sewing\\n 3. Quilting\\n 4. Embroidery\\n 5. Cake & Cooking »\\n 6. Cake Decorating\\n 7. Food & Cooking\\n 8. Yarn & Fiber Arts »\\n 9. Knitting\\n 10. Crocheting\\n 11. Spinning\\n 12. Weaving\\n 1. Art & Photo »\\n 2. Drawing\\n 3. Painting\\n 4. Photography\\n 5. Home & Garden »\\n 6. Woodworking\\n 7. Gardening\\n 8. More »\\n 9. Jewelry\\n 10. Paper Crafts\\n\\n 2. Kits\\n\\n 1. Category\\n 2. Quilting\\n 3. Sewing\\n 4. Knitting\\n 5. Crocheting\\n 1. Popular Projects\\n 2. Quilts\\n 3. Neckwear\\n 4. Mittens & Gloves\\n 5. Hats\\n 6. Dresses\\n\\n 3. Supplies\\n\\n 1. Popular Items\\n 2. Quilting Fabric\\n 3. Sewing Fabric\\n 4. Sewing Patterns\\n 5. Yarn\\n 6. Paper Crafts\\n 7. Art Supplies\\n 8. Cake Decorating\\n 9. Tools & Notions\\n 1. Popular Brands\\n 2. Moda Fabric\\n 3. Robert Kaufman Fabric\\n 4. RJR Fabric\\n 5. Cascade Yarn\\n 6. Artyarns Yarn\\n 7. Madelinetosh Yarn\\n\\n 1. Patterns\\n 2. Projects\\n 3. Blog\\n\\nDownload the Craftsy App\\n\\nMy Craftsy | Sign out\\n\\nBlog Home » Crocheting Blog » Fiber Forever! A Discussion About the Fibers in\\nOur Yarns\\n\\n# Fiber Forever! A Discussion About the Fibers in Our Yarns\\n\\nPosted by Lisa Gutierrez // Apr 27, 2014\\n\\nAt the heart of both knitting and crocheting, there is fiber. Your projects\\nare made entirely out of fibers, so it makes sense they are the most important\\naspect of your work. What makes certain fibers more appealing to work with\\nthan others? Is there a secret to choosing a yarn for certain knitting and\\ncrocheting projects? Below we examine some of the most prevalent fibers in\\ncommercially available yarns. I'll explain some of the characteristics of the\\ndifferent kinds of yarn, how they work up, and the fabrics they create.\\n\\n## FREE Guide! Choose and Use the Right Yarn\\n\\nLearn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make\\nsavvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\\n\\n## Animal fibers\\n\\nBelow are three popular animal fibers. They are used in many yarns, alone\\nand/or combined with other fibers. Animal fibers are generally very warm, yet\\nlightweight, and are great choices for garments and cold weather accessories.\\n\\n#### WOOL\\n\\n(I'm talking about sheep's wool!)\\n\\nWool comes in a great assortment of colors and styles from a variety of\\nsources (there are many breeds of sheep!). The texture of the yarn is\\nprimarily affected by the source of the wool. It is an easy fiber to work with\\nand creates a great fabric for garments and accessories. Its natural\\nelasticity helps it to retain its shape when worn.\\n\\nThe fibers have microscopic barbs that like to stick to each other, so wool is\\nprone to yarn felting when wet and agitated. It is a water-loving fiber and\\nwill absorb moisture readily. This gives it the great feature of wicking away\\nmoisture from skin, keeping its wearer dry.\\n\\nYou can knit and crochet easily with wool. Working with the suggested\\nneedles/hooks to get the specified gauge is always recommended. If you desire\\nfabrics with more drape and flexibility, increasing needle/hook size is a good\\nidea.\\n\\nFor a more detailed look at the different properties of different wools, see\\nour post on types of wool for knitting and crochet.\\n\\n#### ALPACA\\n\\nThere are two types of alpaca yarns. The softer, silkier alpaca fiber is Suri.\\nThe more wool-like fiber is Huacaya. It is more suitable for knitting than\\nSuri and a great alternative to sheep wool. It lacks lanolin, so it is\\nhypoallergenic, and a good choice for knitted baby garments. The fiber creates\\na very soft and warm fabric that is less likely to felt when laundered.\\n\\nAlpaca fiber is often combined with other fibers in yarns. It lends its warmth\\nand strength to other fibers like silk or even plant-based fibers like\\nviscose.\\n\\n#### CASHMERE\\n\\nCashmere is a luxury fiber from the cashmere goat. It is insulating and very,\\nvery soft. When worked at a normal gauge, the fabric created is perfect for\\nscarves, shawls or even sweaters. It has a lightweight and silky drape. While\\nreadily available and easy to find, this fine fiber can be a bit pricey for\\nthe casual crafter.\\n\\n## Plant-based fibers\\n\\nPlant-based fibers tend to be less elastic than animal fibers, but they are\\noften stronger and more durable. They also retain less heat, so are more\\ndesirable in the spring and summer.\\n\\n#### COTTON\\n\\nThere are a variety of cotton yarns on the market. There are also several\\ndifferent types of cotton yarn. It is generally a lightweight fiber that is\\ngreat for warm weather projects. It is breathable, yet strong enough to\\nwithstand many washes, which will actually soften the yarn.\\n\\nStitch definition with cotton is superb! Some finer cottons produce a drape\\ncomparable to even the silkiest of wools, but in general, cotton is very\\ninelastic and likely to stretch and sag, a problem exacerbated by its ability\\nto hold water so well.\\n\\nCotton is great for knitting and crocheting things for the home. Finer cottons\\nare suggested for garments and accessories.\\n\\n## Further Fiber Exploration\\n\\nIt would take me a long time to go through all of the fibers available for you\\nto knit and crochet with. For much more detailed information about fibers and\\nhow fiber choice affects your projects, I implore you to check out Clara\\nParkes' new class: Know Your Yarn: Choose the Perfect Yarn Every Time. She\\ngoes beyond the fibers mentioned here and even talks about synthetic fibers,\\nwhich are probably the most easily accessible yarns. There is also discussion\\nabout ply, which is extremely important when choosing yarn.\\n\\nI'm a wool gal, myself. I have been using it for hats for my children since\\nthey were babies and I love how soft they got through out the seasons.\\n\\n## FREE Guide! Choose and Use the Right Yarn\\n\\nLearn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make\\nsavvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\\n\\n### What are your favorite fibers?\\n\\n### Related Posts\\n\\n * Prep for Holiday Parties With 7 Giftable FREE Patterns\\n * We See a Fabulous Fiber Prize in Your Future\\n * You’ve GOT to See Our #KickStartChristmas Finalists! Vote For Your Favorite Today\\n * You’ve Got Great Ideas, We’ve Got the Best Hacks to Help!\\n * Yarn Bombing 101: How to Yarn Bomb in 5 Steps\\n\\n### 2 Comments\\n\\nKathy Jul 23, 2015\\n\\nI am kind of uncertain when it comes to wool. The wool products I have come\\nacross so far are very scratchy to me. I can’t stand contact with them for\\nmore than 5 minutes, if that long. Is there a way to make the yarn softer? Or\\nshould I just avoid wool?\\n\\nReply\\n\\nJaden Sep 21, 2015\\n\\nHave you tried Merino wool? I can’t stand most wools around my neck or\\nanywhere else near my face, but Merino works well.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\\n\\n### Select your interest\\n\\n#### Subscribe & Join Craftsy\\n\\nLearn from the world's best crocheting instructors when you join Craftsy now.\\nPlus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\\n\\n#### Get Tutorials, Tips & More\\n\\nBe the first to enjoy new crocheting tutorials, resources, contests, giveaways\\n& much more. It's free!\\n\\nSubscribe Now »\\n\\n#### Success!\\n\\nCheck your inbox for a subscription activation email to enjoy all the perks of\\nbeing a Craftsy blog buddy.\\n\\n#### TOPICS\\n\\n * Amigurumi\\n * Garments\\n * Techniques\\n * Lace Making\\n\\n#### FOLLOW US\\n\\nGet help or contact us\\n\\n### About Craftsy\\n\\n * Blog\\n * Careers\\n * About Us\\n * Craftsy Cares\\n * Our Affiliate Program\\n\\n### Discover\\n\\n * Quilting\\n * Cake Decorating\\n * Knitting\\n * Sewing\\n * Mobile Apps\\n * Sitemap\\n\\n### Elsewhere\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Pinterest\\n * Youtube\\n * Google+\\n\\nTake Craftsy with you!\\n\\nCraftsy Apps for iOS and Android. Read more »\\n\\n©2015 Craftsy and Sympoz Inc.Terms of UsePrivacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":396,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":2896799,"string":"2,896,799"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make It in Hollywood"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"If you’re trying to make it in Hollywood, start by getting an agent so you’ll be taken seriously. Take every opportunity to network, even if it means going to parties where you don’t know many people. At the same time, take every gig you can get. It’s okay to clean bathrooms on a set, just try to meet everybody, and see if you like the environment! When you do get a real job, put in the work. Memorize your lines until they're perfect! Finally, be patient as you work your way up since success takes time."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20170302022655/http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm","http://web.archive.org/web/20171015045221/http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210417020138/https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/","http://web.archive.org/web/20180717193604/http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood","http://web.archive.org/web/20210417194215/https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170302022655/http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171015045221/http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417020138/https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180717193604/http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417194215/https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":298,"string":"298"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170302022655/http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm","parsed_text":{"title":"6 Stars Who Were Discovered By The Internet","passages":["Once upon a time, young actors or singers found fame the old fashioned way; by moving to Hollywood, going to auditions while waiting tables to get by, and praying they’d be \"discovered.\" These days fame could be just a few clicks away, as evidenced by the following six superstars who all got their start on YouTube, blogs, and through viral word of mouth.","Here are some of the most famous people to have been discovered by the good people of the interweb. Celebrities: They're just like us! Okay, not really (or at all), but still. It's pretty cool to think that you could get discovered simply by posting a funny Vine video or \"accidentally\" leaking your sex tape. What a time to be alive!","America first \"met\" reality star Kim Kardashian when we’d see her in the tabloids, tagging along with socialite Paris Hilton in the early 2000s, but she didn’t become really famous until her sex tape with R&B singer Ray J hit the web in 2007. After clips from the video were leaked online, Kardashian became a household name and earned herself a well-received reality show on E!. Now that she's married to Kanye West she has officially become one of the most well known (and most frequently memed) celebrities of all time.","Kate Upton was a working model whose own agency, IMB, worried that she \"wasn't fashion enough\" by fashion house standards, until a friend uploaded a video that went viral. In the video, Upton does a bouncy chair dance version of \"The Dougie\" dance at an L.A. Clippers game (with an emphasis on \"bouncy.\")","Kate is now famous enough to get bad Photoshop hack jobs all the time. Remember this Harper's Bazaar cover? Ouch.","Since Justin Bieber is such a mega-star, many people don’t realize that he got his start in Ontario, Canada, by uploading videos to YouTube of himself performing R&B songs. Seven months and ten thousand views later, Bieber attracted the attention of his future manager, Scooter Braun, who got him his first record deal. At age 13, Bieber signed a contract with R&B singer Usher’s label, and to date, Bieber has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.","Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen had already made a name for herself in her own country, but she didn't become an international superstar until a YouTube video of herself performing her big hit, “Call Me Maybe” was noticed by fellow Canadian singer, Justin Bieber. Bieber tweeted about the song to his millions of fans, and next thing you know, the song exploded on the U.S. Pop charts and became the official ear worm of 2012.","Comedian Bo Burnham was just sixteen years-old when he started making videos of his unique brand of comedy and uploading them to YouTube. Burnham, who is famous for his politically incorrect original songs and jokes involving race, religion, and other taboo subject matter, achieved fame fast and early thanks, in part, to comedy site Break. After his YouTube videos surpassed 70 million views, Burnham got an agent and started performing at festival and comedy clubs. Comedy Central signed Burnham for a full length special just days after his 18th birthday, making him the youngest comedian to ever achieve that honor.","Last but not least, It's hard to even imagine a world without Grumpy Cat! Sure, she's not a human celebrity, but considering the fact that she's got a movie, a website, a large fan following, and lots and lots of merchandise getting sold every day, she's definitely a superstar none the less. You can read all about the infamous feline's rise to fame from web meme to movie star here.","Let's not forget that Grumpy Cat is also the crown jewel of the 10 Most Famous Cats on the Internet.","Everything is fake and nothing is real! Remember that next time you feel inadequate thanks to an airbrushed photo of a beautiful celebrity."]},"parsed_md":"6 Stars Who Were Discovered By The Internet\n\n * About.com\n * Autos\n * Careers\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Education\n * en Español\n * Entertainment\n * Food\n * Health\n * Home\n * Money\n * News & Issues\n * Parenting\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports\n * Style\n * Tech\n * Travel\n\n * 1\n\n6 Stars You Didn't Know Were Discovered By The ...\n\n * 2\n\n5 Of The Most Famous Cats On The Internet\n\n * 3\n\n10 of the Most Viewed Funny Videos on YouTube\n\n * 4\n\n5 Cute Kids Who Became 'Internet Famous' In 201...\n\n * 5\n\nThe Top 20 Funny Viral Videos of All Time\n\n * About.com\n * About Entertainment\n * Web Humor\n\n# 6 Stars You Didn't Know Were Discovered By The Internet\n\nThese six superstars all have the Internet to thank for their fame.\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nTweet\n\nSubmit\n\nStumble\n\nPost\n\nShare\n\nBy Beverly Jenkins\n\nWeb Humor Expert\n\nBy Beverly Jenkins\n\nUpdated August 30, 2016.\n\nOnce upon a time, young actors or singers found fame the old fashioned way; by\nmoving to Hollywood, going to auditions while waiting tables to get by, and\npraying they’d be \"discovered.\" These days fame could be just a few clicks\naway, as evidenced by the following six superstars who all got their start on\nYouTube, blogs, and through viral word of mouth.\n\nHere are some of the most famous people to have been discovered by the good\npeople of the interweb. Celebrities: They're just like us! Okay, not really\n(or at all), but still. It's pretty cool to think that you could get\ndiscovered simply by posting a funny Vine video or \"accidentally\" leaking your\nsex tape. What a time to be alive!\n\nVia Mashable.\n\n### 1\\. Kim Kardashian\n\nAmerica first \"met\" reality star Kim Kardashian when we’d see her in the\ntabloids, tagging along with socialite Paris Hilton in the early 2000s, but\nshe didn’t become really famous until her sex tape with R&B singer Ray J hit\nthe web in 2007. After clips from the video were leaked online, Kardashian\nbecame a household name and earned herself a well-received reality show on E!.\nNow that she's married to Kanye West she has officially become one of the most\nwell known (and most frequently memed) celebrities of all time.\n\nShe's also rather infamous for Photoshopping her social media images, but\nthat's none of my business.\n\ncontinue reading below our video\n\n5 Classic Novels Everyone Should Read\n\nVia Harper's Bazaar.\n\n### 2\\. Kate Upton\n\nKate Upton was a working model whose own agency, IMB, worried that she \"wasn't\nfashion enough\" by fashion house standards, until a friend uploaded a video\nthat went viral. In the video, Upton does a bouncy chair dance version of \"The\nDougie\" dance at an L.A. Clippers game (with an emphasis on \"bouncy.\")\n\nKate is now famous enough to get bad Photoshop hack jobs all the time.\nRemember this Harper's Bazaar cover? Ouch.\n\nCourtesy: People.com\n\n### 3\\. Justin Bieber\n\nSince Justin Bieber is such a mega-star, many people don’t realize that he got\nhis start in Ontario, Canada, by uploading videos to YouTube of himself\nperforming R&B songs. Seven months and ten thousand views later, Bieber\nattracted the attention of his future manager, Scooter Braun, who got him his\nfirst record deal. At age 13, Bieber signed a contract with R&B singer Usher’s\nlabel, and to date, Bieber has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.\n\nCourtesy: Twitter\n\n### 4\\. Carly Rae Jepsen\n\nCanadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen had already made a name for herself in her\nown country, but she didn't become an international superstar until a YouTube\nvideo of herself performing her big hit, “Call Me Maybe” was noticed by fellow\nCanadian singer, Justin Bieber. Bieber tweeted about the song to his millions\nof fans, and next thing you know, the song exploded on the U.S. Pop charts and\nbecame the official ear worm of 2012.\n\nCourtesy: EW.com\n\n### 5\\. Bo Burnham\n\nComedian Bo Burnham was just sixteen years-old when he started making videos\nof his unique brand of comedy and uploading them to YouTube. Burnham, who is\nfamous for his politically incorrect original songs and jokes involving race,\nreligion, and other taboo subject matter, achieved fame fast and early thanks,\nin part, to comedy site Break. After his YouTube videos surpassed 70 million\nviews, Burnham got an agent and started performing at festival and comedy\nclubs. Comedy Central signed Burnham for a full length special just days after\nhis 18th birthday, making him the youngest comedian to ever achieve that\nhonor.\n\nImage Courtesy: BuzzFeed.\n\n### 6\\. Grumpy Cat\n\nLast but not least, It's hard to even imagine a world without Grumpy Cat!\nSure, she's not a human celebrity, but considering the fact that she's got a\nmovie, a website, a large fan following, and lots and lots of merchandise\ngetting sold every day, she's definitely a superstar none the less. You can\nread all about the infamous feline's rise to fame from web meme to movie star\nhere.\n\nLet's not forget that Grumpy Cat is also the crown jewel of the 10 Most Famous\nCats on the Internet.\n\n### NEXT UP: 25 Of The WORST Celebrity Photoshop Fails Of All Time.\n\nEverything is fake and nothing is real! Remember that next time you feel\ninadequate thanks to an airbrushed photo of a beautiful celebrity.\n\nShow Full Article\n\n##### Related\n\n * Bo Burnham, the Internet's Biggest Comedian\n * 9 Kid Singers You Probably Didn't Know Were Discovered on YouTube\n * 10 of the Most Viewed Funny Videos on YouTube\n * 10 Musical Comedians Every Comedy Fan Must Hear\n\n##### More from the Web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\n##### Web Humor\n\nAbout Entertainment Follow us:\n\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Entertainment in your inbox.\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n * Our Story\n * Advertise With Us\n * Site Map\n * Help\n\n * Write for About\n * Careers at About\n * Terms of Use & Policies\n\n© 2017 About, Inc. — All rights reserved.\n\nAlso from About.com: Verywell, The Balance, Lifewire & The Spruce\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20171015045221/http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/","parsed_text":{"title":"10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood","passages":["All the time young college students who don’t know any better are asking me, “Hey, Jessica, how do I make it in the entertainment industry? How can I get a job as a writer’s assistant like the one you used to have?” I’ve been incredibly fortunate to have a lot of help along the way on my career journey. It’s the least I can do to pay it forward and divulge my insider industry secrets.","As such, the following are my top ten pieces of advice for people who aspire to be more like me and waste their lives pursuing delusional pipe dreams:","1. BE NICE? – People are always complaining that everyone here is a jerk, so if you’re nice you’ll probably stand out. Standing out is good.","2. BE (OVERLY) CONFIDENT – There are too many other people trying to do this. Your chances of success are insanely small. There is a high likelihood that you will fail. As such, nurture your delusions. There will be an infinite amount of times you will want to give up and probably should give up, but don’t.","3. LOSE YOUR DIGNITY – Rejection is par for the course. Forget about concepts like “shame” or “respect”. If you can’t laugh at yourself and care too much about what everyone else thinks, you’re doomed. Judgment runs rampant in Hollywood so the sooner you can degrade yourself willingly and not let it bother you, the better.","4. DO A BAD JOB AT YOUR DATA ENTRY GIG – Instead of being productive at my old data entry job, I tweeted a lot of jokes. Those jokes helped me connect with a guy who happened to know one of the writers at Weeds. They were looking for a writer’s assistant. So don’t invest too much of your energy in soul- sucking endeavors when your heart is telling you to procrastinate and tweet a lot. (See #10)","5. DRINK A LOT – Networking is important. Everyone in Hollywood is a partier and will make grand promises of getting you an agent if you catch them at a time when they are wasted enough, which is most of the time. So develop your penchant for alcohol now.","6. NO ONE CARES ABOUT YOU – I know you aspire to one day be the host of The Joe Schmo Show, but bulldozing and sabotaging anyone you perceive as a threat to your own self-indulgent ego-fest isn’t a great idea. Accept that no one really cares about you right now, don’t worry about what everyone else is doing, and just do good work. Then maybe the fans will come organically.","7. FIND PEOPLE YOU ENJOY USING – The sooner you can find the people you want to collaborate with and genuinely support them in their dreams – the sooner you’ll find the ones who will come up with you to support your dreams. In a way you can think of it as developing friendships with people you like, that way when you both use each other it actually feels fun, enjoyable, and rewarding.","8. THE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY IS VERY IMPORTANT – This is really serious work that matters a lot, so definitely beat yourself up all the time if you don’t think you’re doing a good enough job and definitely don’t have any fun while you’re pursuing the thing you love. If you can be stressed out all the time and anxious about your performances, that will probably help get the creative juices flowing so that you can be a machine that cranks out scripts and books auditions.","9. DON’T LISTEN TO ANYONE – Everyone in Hollywood is crazy, so don’t listen to anyone. Everyone will have a million opinions and top ten pieces of advice to give you on how to make it, but no one really knows. Everyone’s path is different. There are dogs on YouTube more famous and successful than I am, so at the end of the day, you have to find the path that is right for you, and maybe no one has been down it before so you have to pave the way.","10. FOLLOW YOUR HEART, UGH – Despite all my previous sarcasm, this is something I truly believe. This is a tough career path. It’s unstable, unpredictable, nothing is guaranteed, and you will always wonder why that guy you’re clearly more talented than makes a bazillion dollars while you just wrapped a hot dog in a taco shell because you are too poor to eat. You have to do this because you love the process, you are passionate about your ideas, and you want to connect with others who care about the same things. This career can’t be about money or fame or prestige because even if you get those things, you will still be left with whomever you are inside, and you’ll realize that your jaunt down the red carpet didn’t fix your dad issues. Joan Rivers once said, “this isn’t a career, it’s a calling.” I believe it. If you have been called to the fine pursuit of struggling for years until you finally make a difference in our cultural zeitgeist, then ABSOLUTELY follow your heart and do nothing less than projects that excite and inspire you – because that’s the only reason to do any of this in the first place.","I hope that those even younger and less informed than I am find this helpful and inspiring. If you heed my advice, work hard, and are kind, amazing things will happen (pretty sure Conan never copyrighted that gem. Anyway, it’s something that I also thought of independently).","Jessica Cabot is a writer and comedian living in Los Angeles who has worked for such notable TV programs as Web Therapy, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Weeds, and Wilfred. She hopes to one day change and inspire the world with her comedy, or at least be roasted on Comedy Central. Jessica even co-hosts a monthly comedy show at Bar Lubitsch as an intergalactic super model, Lady Sodium. Other than that she shares a birthday with Gary Busey. Follow her on Twitter @jessicacabot","Tags: Film and TV business, Follow your dreams, Hollywood, Hollywood assistant, Jessica Cabot, Top 10 pieces of advice to break into Hollywood"]},"parsed_md":"10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood - Hollywood\nJournal\n\n * Home\n * STORIES\n\n * BEST MEETING EVER\n * 1ST HOLLYWOOD JOB\n * HA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\n * HAPPILY EVER AFTER\n * HEART OF THE MATTER\n * HWOOD STREET TALK\n * HOLYWOOD\n * INDUSTRY IMPRESSIONS\n * MAKING A DIFFERENCE\n * PARENTHOOD TALES\n * PERSONAL JOURNEYS\n * PODCASTS\n\n * SOUL PODCAST\n * SOUL DILEMMA\n * VIDEO\n\n * Hollywood Drive & Talk\n * EXTRAS\n\n * AROUND THE WEB\n * SOUL QUOTE\n * CONTRIBUTORS\n * ABOUT US\n * CONTACT US\n * SUBSCRIBE\n * SUBMISSIONS\n\n### Recent Stories\n\n#### How to clean up your life one mess at a time\n\nMarch 17, 2015\n\n#### Why mind over matter wins in ‘Bite Size’ movie\n\nMarch 16, 2015\n\n#### If there’s an afterlife, Sam Simon has everyone laughing\n\nMarch 13, 2015\n\n#### Hanging with John 5 & The Creatures\n\nMarch 11, 2015\n\n#### The forgotten audience: An open letter to Hollywood\n\nMarch 10, 2015\n\nLoading\n\n### Archives\n\nHA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\n\nImage via Shutterstock\n\n * March 20, 2013\n * by Jessica Cabot\n * in HA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\n * Comments\n\n# 10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood\n\nby Jessica Cabot\n\nAll the time young college students who don’t know any better are asking me,\n“Hey, Jessica, how do I make it in the entertainment industry? How can I get a\njob as a writer’s assistant like the one you used to have?” I’ve been\nincredibly fortunate to have a lot of help along the way on my career journey.\nIt’s the least I can do to pay it forward and divulge my insider industry\nsecrets.\n\nAs such, the following are my top ten pieces of advice for people who aspire\nto be more like me and waste their lives pursuing delusional pipe dreams:\n\n1\\. BE NICE? – People are always complaining that everyone here is a jerk, so\nif you’re nice you’ll probably stand out. Standing out is good.\n\n2\\. BE (OVERLY) CONFIDENT – There are too many other people trying to do this.\nYour chances of success are insanely small. There is a high likelihood that\nyou will fail. As such, nurture your delusions. There will be an infinite\namount of times you will want to give up and probably should give up, but\ndon’t.\n\n3\\. LOSE YOUR DIGNITY – Rejection is par for the course. Forget about concepts\nlike “shame” or “respect”. If you can’t laugh at yourself and care too much\nabout what everyone else thinks, you’re doomed. Judgment runs rampant in\nHollywood so the sooner you can degrade yourself willingly and not let it\nbother you, the better.\n\n4\\. DO A BAD JOB AT YOUR DATA ENTRY GIG – Instead of being productive at my\nold data entry job, I tweeted a lot of jokes. Those jokes helped me connect\nwith a guy who happened to know one of the writers at Weeds. They were looking\nfor a writer’s assistant. So don’t invest too much of your energy in soul-\nsucking endeavors when your heart is telling you to procrastinate and tweet a\nlot. (See #10)\n\n5\\. DRINK A LOT – Networking is important. Everyone in Hollywood is a partier\nand will make grand promises of getting you an agent if you catch them at a\ntime when they are wasted enough, which is most of the time. So develop your\npenchant for alcohol now.\n\n6\\. NO ONE CARES ABOUT YOU – I know you aspire to one day be the host of The\nJoe Schmo Show, but bulldozing and sabotaging anyone you perceive as a threat\nto your own self-indulgent ego-fest isn’t a great idea. Accept that no one\nreally cares about you right now, don’t worry about what everyone else is\ndoing, and just do good work. Then maybe the fans will come organically.\n\n7\\. FIND PEOPLE YOU ENJOY USING – The sooner you can find the people you want\nto collaborate with and genuinely support them in their dreams – the sooner\nyou’ll find the ones who will come up with you to support your dreams. In a\nway you can think of it as developing friendships with people you like, that\nway when you both use each other it actually feels fun, enjoyable, and\nrewarding.\n\n8\\. THE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY IS VERY IMPORTANT – This is really serious work\nthat matters a lot, so definitely beat yourself up all the time if you don’t\nthink you’re doing a good enough job and definitely don’t have any fun while\nyou’re pursuing the thing you love. If you can be stressed out all the time\nand anxious about your performances, that will probably help get the creative\njuices flowing so that you can be a machine that cranks out scripts and books\nauditions.\n\n9\\. DON’T LISTEN TO ANYONE – Everyone in Hollywood is crazy, so don’t listen\nto anyone. Everyone will have a million opinions and top ten pieces of advice\nto give you on how to make it, but no one really knows. Everyone’s path is\ndifferent. There are dogs on YouTube more famous and successful than I am, so\nat the end of the day, you have to find the path that is right for you, and\nmaybe no one has been down it before so you have to pave the way.\n\n10\\. FOLLOW YOUR HEART, UGH – Despite all my previous sarcasm, this is\nsomething I truly believe. This is a tough career path. It’s unstable,\nunpredictable, nothing is guaranteed, and you will always wonder why that guy\nyou’re clearly more talented than makes a bazillion dollars while you just\nwrapped a hot dog in a taco shell because you are too poor to eat. You have to\ndo this because you love the process, you are passionate about your ideas, and\nyou want to connect with others who care about the same things. This career\ncan’t be about money or fame or prestige because even if you get those things,\nyou will still be left with whomever you are inside, and you’ll realize that\nyour jaunt down the red carpet didn’t fix your dad issues. Joan Rivers once\nsaid, “this isn’t a career, it’s a calling.” I believe it. If you have been\ncalled to the fine pursuit of struggling for years until you finally make a\ndifference in our cultural zeitgeist, then ABSOLUTELY follow your heart and do\nnothing less than projects that excite and inspire you – because that’s the\nonly reason to do any of this in the first place.\n\nI hope that those even younger and less informed than I am find this helpful\nand inspiring. If you heed my advice, work hard, and are kind, amazing things\nwill happen (pretty sure Conan never copyrighted that gem. Anyway, it’s\nsomething that I also thought of independently).\n\n### About Jessica Cabot\n\nJessica Cabot is a writer and comedian living in Los Angeles who has worked\nfor such notable TV programs as Web Therapy, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno,\nWeeds, and Wilfred. She hopes to one day change and inspire the world with her\ncomedy, or at least be roasted on Comedy Central. Jessica even co-hosts a\nmonthly comedy show at Bar Lubitsch as an intergalactic super model, Lady\nSodium. Other than that she shares a birthday with Gary Busey. Follow her on\nTwitter @jessicacabot\n\nTags: Film and TV business, Follow your dreams, Hollywood, Hollywood\nassistant, Jessica Cabot, Top 10 pieces of advice to break into Hollywood\n\n.\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Best Meeting Ever\n * Contact Us\n * First Hollywood Job\n * Ha-Ha-Hollywood\n * Happily Ever After\n * Heart of the Matter\n * Holywood\n * Industry Impressions\n * Making a Difference\n * Parenthood Tales\n * Personal Journeys\n * Soul Dilemma\n * Video\n * Around the Web\n * Soul Quote\n * Archives\n * Subscribe\n * Terms of Service\n * Submissions\n\n©2014 TRIBE Media Corp.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417020138/https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/","parsed_text":{"title":"THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success","passages":["Have you been dreaming of a career in film and television? Well, I’ve got good news for you: Lunacy Productions (and every other production company, agency, studio, and ancillary business in Los Angeles) is full of people who had that same dream and are making it a reality.","Below we share five tips for building a lasting career in Hollywood. But first, a caveat: if you just want to be a millionaire, you’re probably better off playing the stock market or working on your jump shot. There are many ways to make a living in the entertainment industry, but very few ways to become extravagantly wealthy. You have to love the work.","If you want to make movies and television, the first step is to watch movies and television! This should be the fun part, but many people don’t take it seriously enough. In order to learn from the media you consume you must be an attentive and active viewer. If you just have the TV on in the background while you play on your cell phone or do your taxes, you’ve gained nothing.","Also, if you only watch new releases, or one specific genre, you’re depriving yourself of the well-rounded film education that could separate you from your competition. Horror movies, for instance, inherit many of their techniques and tropes from silent German Expressionist cinema, noir thrillers of the 40s and 50s, and even the French New Wave. Acquainting yourself with these films will deepen your understanding of modern horror and might even stimulate new and original ideas.","Like any art form, film has also been extensively studied and written about. There’s a hundred years’ worth of instruction, memoir, and critical analysis of motion pictures in your local library, bookstore, or e-reader. Sidney Lumet’s Making Movies, Steven D. Katz’s Film Directing: Shot by Shot, and Walter Murch’s In The Blink Of An Eye are a few favorites to get you started. And, of course, the Lunacy Blog updates every week with practical lessons from independent film production.","Let’s get this out of the way up front: film school is not the best option for everyone, and a degree in film is not necessary to be successful in Hollywood. In fact, the degree itself is almost useless. The education, structure, community, and connections are the real reason to go the film school route. So think long and hard before you commit time and (often massive amounts of) money to this path.","With that in mind, here are some reasons a formal education in filmmaking might be right for you. First and foremost, if you’re the type of person who works better with deadlines, assignments, and outside motivation, the structure of a school environment should help you. You’ll be assigned books to read and films to watch; you’ll attend lectures and workshops; you’ll be expected to write scripts and film them. You still have to do the work, and if you want to be truly great, you’ll have to do more than just what’s assigned.","There’s also a big advantage in being a part of a community of other filmmakers. Being in a film program means having constant access to ready and willing collaborators. Your peers become your crew, and you learn from each other and benefit from your diverse perspectives and skill sets. You also critique each other’s work, developing a network of trusted colleagues that you will carry into your professional life.","In addition to your classmates, you also benefit from connections made with faculty, guest speakers, and industry internships. Very often your school will have a career services department that can connect you to an industry mentor or an entry-level position after graduation. This is particularly true of film schools situated in New York, Los Angeles, and other cities with a booming entertainment industry.","Some people can get pretty far in life coasting on talent, charm, or nepotism. This is as true in Hollywood as it is anywhere else. But when the rubber meets the road, nobody wants to work with someone who can’t pull their own weight. If you want to succeed in the film industry (or life in general) you need to be competent and you need to know how to work hard, and both of those things take practice.","No one is born a great filmmaker. Some might have innate skills that give them an advantage, but every aspect of filmmaking, from writing to directing to editing, takes practice. So get your reps in. If you want to be a writer, start writing. Your first scripts will probably be terrible, but writing them is the only way you’ll gain the experience you need to write a great one. The first time you step onto the set as a director, and everyone looks to you for instructions, you will be terrified! That’s okay. The only way to get comfortable in that position is to do it over and over and over again.","Hard work takes practice too. It’s easy to say, “When my big opportunity arrives, I’ll buckle down and focus. But today I’m going to take it easy.” But working hard is a habit, developed over time, not a switch that you flip on. Feature films typically shoot twelve-hour days, five or six days in a row, for several weeks. The work is physically and mentally demanding. Post-production jobs can be even worse. It’s a grind, and if you aren’t prepared it will grind you right down to nothing! So instead of delaying the hard work until some imaginary future day that might never arrive, start today! That way when you’re big break comes, you’ll be ready.","As we’ve emphasized, making movies can be an intense, physically and emotionally grueling experience. Creative people can get passionate, angry, or cranky, especially when they feel their art is threatened. But no one wants to work with an asshole. In an industry that has been notoriously tolerant of “temperamental geniuses,” we are seeing more and more instances of producers and studios deciding that working with abrasive people just isn’t worth it.","It’s much more enjoyable to spend 12 hours a day working with people you like. So if you want to get hired, be the kind of person who brings a positive attitude and a sense of humor to the set every day. If you are prone to stirring up trouble, provoking confrontations, gossiping, or just going about your business with a foul attitude, it will cost you work. Everyone has a list of people they call first when a job opens up, and another list of people they’ll never work with again. You want to be on that first list!","It’s a good lesson to remember as you rise up in the industry. As a producer or director, you might be able to get away with talking down to someone or throwing a temper tantrum. But each time you do, you risk ending up on someone’s “never again” list. It’s a small town with a long memory.","Okay. It’s time for a tough dose of reality: Even if you take all the previous advice, you still might never become a successful screenwriter, director, or producer. You might never premiere at Sundance, win an Oscar, or get your dream project made. Knowledge, hard work, and even talent, can’t guarantee success in the film and television industry, or in life in general. At some point it all comes down to luck.","Almost every Hollywood success story involves an element of chance: being in the right place at the right time; a random encounter; a million-to-one shot. There’s no way to predict or replicate good fortune, but knowing your craft, honing your skills, and being active and well-regarded in the industry will increase the chances of a lucky break coming your way... and ensure you are prepared to make the most of it when it does!","finances motivation filmmaking female filmmakers cinematography five for filming Harris McCabe essay low-budget interview advice sound Indie films film development documentary indie film communication career advice creativity television etiquette editing screenwriting Director directing women in film production tips post-production preparation production independent production film Stu Pollard pre-production feedback the business writing meetings Dan Levine collaboration acting development Alexandra Jensen film crew producing"]},"parsed_md":"THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success - Lunacy Productions\n\nSelect Page\n\n# THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success\n\nby Lunacy Staff | Jun 26, 2018 | Five For Filming\n\nHave you been dreaming of a career in film and television? Well, I’ve got good\nnews for you: Lunacy Productions (and every other production company, agency,\nstudio, and ancillary business in Los Angeles) is full of people who had that\nsame dream and are making it a reality.\n\nBelow we share five tips for building a lasting career in Hollywood. But\nfirst, a caveat: if you just want to be a millionaire, you’re probably better\noff playing the stock market or working on your jump shot. There are many ways\nto make a living in the entertainment industry, but very few ways to become\nextravagantly wealthy. You have to love the work.\n\nStill with us? Okay...\n\n## 1\\. Do your homework\n\nIf you want to make movies and television, the first step is to watch movies\nand television! This should be the fun part, but many people don’t take it\nseriously enough. In order to learn from the media you consume you must be an\nattentive and active viewer. If you just have the TV on in the background\nwhile you play on your cell phone or do your taxes, you’ve gained nothing.\n\nAlso, if you only watch new releases, or one specific genre, you’re depriving\nyourself of the well-rounded film education that could separate you from your\ncompetition. Horror movies, for instance, inherit many of their techniques and\ntropes from silent German Expressionist cinema, noir thrillers of the 40s and\n50s, and even the French New Wave. Acquainting yourself with these films will\ndeepen your understanding of modern horror and might even stimulate new and\noriginal ideas.\n\nLike any art form, film has also been extensively studied and written about.\nThere’s a hundred years’ worth of instruction, memoir, and critical analysis\nof motion pictures in your local library, bookstore, or e-reader. Sidney\nLumet’s Making Movies, Steven D. Katz’s Film Directing: Shot by Shot, and\nWalter Murch’s In The Blink Of An Eye are a few favorites to get you started.\nAnd, of course, the Lunacy Blog updates every week with practical lessons from\nindependent film production.\n\n## 2\\. Go to school\n\nLet’s get this out of the way up front: film school is not the best option for\neveryone, and a degree in film is not necessary to be successful in Hollywood.\nIn fact, the degree itself is almost useless. The education, structure,\ncommunity, and connections are the real reason to go the film school route. So\nthink long and hard before you commit time and (often massive amounts of)\nmoney to this path.\n\nWith that in mind, here are some reasons a formal education in filmmaking\nmight be right for you. First and foremost, if you’re the type of person who\nworks better with deadlines, assignments, and outside motivation, the\nstructure of a school environment should help you. You’ll be assigned books to\nread and films to watch; you’ll attend lectures and workshops; you’ll be\nexpected to write scripts and film them. You still have to do the work, and if\nyou want to be truly great, you’ll have to do more than just what’s assigned.\n\nThere’s also a big advantage in being a part of a community of other\nfilmmakers. Being in a film program means having constant access to ready and\nwilling collaborators. Your peers become your crew, and you learn from each\nother and benefit from your diverse perspectives and skill sets. You also\ncritique each other’s work, developing a network of trusted colleagues that\nyou will carry into your professional life.\n\nIn addition to your classmates, you also benefit from connections made with\nfaculty, guest speakers, and industry internships. Very often your school will\nhave a career services department that can connect you to an industry mentor\nor an entry-level position after graduation. This is particularly true of film\nschools situated in New York, Los Angeles, and other cities with a booming\nentertainment industry.\n\n## 3\\. Put in the work\n\nSome people can get pretty far in life coasting on talent, charm, or nepotism.\nThis is as true in Hollywood as it is anywhere else. But when the rubber meets\nthe road, nobody wants to work with someone who can’t pull their own weight.\nIf you want to succeed in the film industry (or life in general) you need to\nbe competent and you need to know how to work hard, and both of those things\ntake practice.\n\nNo one is born a great filmmaker. Some might have innate skills that give them\nan advantage, but every aspect of filmmaking, from writing to directing to\nediting, takes practice. So get your reps in. If you want to be a writer,\nstart writing. Your first scripts will probably be terrible, but writing them\nis the only way you’ll gain the experience you need to write a great one. The\nfirst time you step onto the set as a director, and everyone looks to you for\ninstructions, you will be terrified! That’s okay. The only way to get\ncomfortable in that position is to do it over and over and over again.\n\nHard work takes practice too. It’s easy to say, “When my big opportunity\narrives, I’ll buckle down and focus. But today I’m going to take it easy.” But\nworking hard is a habit, developed over time, not a switch that you flip on.\nFeature films typically shoot twelve-hour days, five or six days in a row, for\nseveral weeks. The work is physically and mentally demanding. Post-production\njobs can be even worse. It’s a grind, and if you aren’t prepared it will grind\nyou right down to nothing! So instead of delaying the hard work until some\nimaginary future day that might never arrive, start today! That way when\nyou’re big break comes, you’ll be ready.\n\n## 4\\. Play nice\n\nAs we’ve emphasized, making movies can be an intense, physically and\nemotionally grueling experience. Creative people can get passionate, angry, or\ncranky, especially when they feel their art is threatened. But no one wants to\nwork with an asshole. In an industry that has been notoriously tolerant of\n“temperamental geniuses,” we are seeing more and more instances of producers\nand studios deciding that working with abrasive people just isn’t worth it.\n\nIt’s much more enjoyable to spend 12 hours a day working with people you like.\nSo if you want to get hired, be the kind of person who brings a positive\nattitude and a sense of humor to the set every day. If you are prone to\nstirring up trouble, provoking confrontations, gossiping, or just going about\nyour business with a foul attitude, it will cost you work. Everyone has a list\nof people they call first when a job opens up, and another list of people\nthey’ll never work with again. You want to be on that first list!\n\nIt’s a good lesson to remember as you rise up in the industry. As a producer\nor director, you might be able to get away with talking down to someone or\nthrowing a temper tantrum. But each time you do, you risk ending up on\nsomeone’s “never again” list. It’s a small town with a long memory.\n\n## 5\\. Get lucky\n\nOkay. It’s time for a tough dose of reality: Even if you take all the previous\nadvice, you still might never become a successful screenwriter, director, or\nproducer. You might never premiere at Sundance, win an Oscar, or get your\ndream project made. Knowledge, hard work, and even talent, can’t guarantee\nsuccess in the film and television industry, or in life in general. At some\npoint it all comes down to luck.\n\nAlmost every Hollywood success story involves an element of chance: being in\nthe right place at the right time; a random encounter; a million-to-one shot.\nThere’s no way to predict or replicate good fortune, but knowing your craft,\nhoning your skills, and being active and well-regarded in the industry will\nincrease the chances of a lucky break coming your way... and ensure you are\nprepared to make the most of it when it does!\n\n## Do you have tips on breaking into the industry? Click here to leave a\ncomment!\n\n### Related posts:\n\nSTAR SEARCH: 5 Things To Remember When Casting Your Film\n\nRENAISSANCE DISNEY: We Rewatched Aladdin and It Made Us Better Filmmakers\n\nHITTING THE RIGHT NOTES: How to Effectively Implement Feedback\n\nORIGINS OF INSPIRATION: 5 Creators and the Films That Inspire Them\n\n## Get the Lunacy Newsletter\n\nStay updated on our upcoming films, content incubator and more.\n\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\n\n# 1 Comment\n\n 1. \\- Seneca on August 6, 2018 at 4:42 pm\n\nLuck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity.\n\nReply\n\n### Submit a Comment Cancel reply\n\n#### CATEGORIES\n\nWRITING PRODUCING DIRECTING CINEMATOGRAPHY INDIE FILMS WOMEN IN FILM FIVE FOR\nFILMING\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * LUNACY PRODUCTIONS’ “KEEP YOUR DISTANCE” TO GET A SEVEN-HOUR SNYDER CUT\n * KEEPING YOUR PRODUCTION SAFE DURING THE PANDEMIC\n * THE FORMULA: How Filmmaker Tamar Halpern Directs TV Movies in 12 Days\n * TAX PREP FOR FREELANCE FILMMAKERS: What Are Deductions and How Do I Make the Most of Them?\n * TAX PREP FOR FREELANCE FILMMAKERS: What Is a Loan-Out Company and Do I Need One?\n\n#### Archives\n\n * April 2021\n * December 2020\n * August 2020\n * July 2020\n * April 2020\n * March 2020\n * February 2020\n * January 2020\n * December 2019\n * November 2019\n * October 2019\n * September 2019\n * August 2019\n * July 2019\n * June 2019\n * May 2019\n * April 2019\n * March 2019\n * February 2019\n * January 2019\n * December 2018\n * November 2018\n * October 2018\n * September 2018\n * August 2018\n * July 2018\n * June 2018\n * May 2018\n * April 2018\n * March 2018\n * February 2018\n * January 2018\n * December 2017\n * November 2017\n * October 2017\n * September 2017\n\n#### Tag cloud\n\nfinances motivation filmmaking female filmmakers cinematography five for\nfilming Harris McCabe essay low-budget interview advice sound Indie films film\ndevelopment documentary indie film communication career advice creativity\ntelevision etiquette editing screenwriting Director directing women in film\nproduction tips post-production preparation production independent production\nfilm Stu Pollard pre-production feedback the business writing meetings Dan\nLevine collaboration acting development Alexandra Jensen film crew producing\n\n * About\n * Films\n * Development\n * Investors\n * Contact\n\nDesigned by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20180717193604/http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood","parsed_text":{"title":"Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood","passages":["Get our Script eNewsletter and receive the latest in screenwriting news and, for a limited time, get a free download of the How to Write a Screenplay workbook!","As the creator of the Hollywood Networking Breakfast® and career strategist to folk inside and outside of Hollywood, Sandra Lord offers some valuable face- time networking tips for success.","Nothing is more common in Hollywood than extremely talented people who have not achieved success. While there are various and innumerable reasons, lack of access is, unquestionably, one major component. The barriers to entry into the tight-knit entertainment industry are so great, next to having talent, networking is, arguably, the most important skill one must cultivate in a town that thrives on nepotism. Networking is an integral part of how the system works and if one wants to be part of the game, one just has to invest in building relationships and expanding his circle of connections. The old adage “it’s all about who you know” is alive and well in Tinseltown, but more importantly, “who knows you ... and how well” is what gets your foot in the door.","The term “networking” sometimes has a negative connotation as it conjures up images of unabashed self-promotion. This inference usually tends to come from people who are not good at networking and condescend as a defense mechanism. Whether they want to admit it or not, everyone networks at some level. One may think that people at the highest echelons do not network, but they do. If you are using your significant credentials to entice a young actor, producer, writer or director to do business with you over dinner, lunch or in a meeting, or you send congratulatory gifts to someone to acknowledge an accomplishment, you are networking.","I think of networking as the ability to use ANY opportunity to build rapport and cultivate relationships that could potentially provide inroads or access, and if you’re lucky, even long-term friendships.","There is networking and there is effective networking. Too many people network with the wrong attitude, intention and tools, and all of these produce little or no results. If you attend a networking event and no one knows you were there, you have been ineffective. If you focus only on yourself and what you can get from others, you have also failed. Effective networking is about sharing and caring, taking an interest in others, setting the foundation for a welcome follow-up, and creating an opportunity to build rapport.","Networking requires commitment. That means if you (seriously) want to generate interest in your talents or services, you have to be actively engaged in doing so. Attend events. If you live in Los Angeles, there is an abundance of industry-related events you can attend, many of which are listed in trade publications like The Hollywood Reporter, Daily Variety, and Backstage West and East. If you live outside L.A., it’s easy to find out what’s going on in your local community simply by getting on the Internet. Distance, however, should not be a factor in the pursuit of your career. Many networking events in major cities, depending on the scope and size, host attendees from all over the region, and sometimes all over the country, as well as overseas. How important is your career to you?","Join or participate in online entertainment industry communities, as well as organizations, groups, and professional associations that offer lectures, screenings, courses and, best of all, networking opportunities. Networking in your peer group is essential. Connect and share with those in your writing group, acting class, theatre company, etc. These are the people who will be making strides in the industry and you want to cultivate these relationships now. Lastly, create new opportunities for yourself. Consider starting your own small group for networking purposes as well as to get valuable feedback on your material.","I recommend that you get to know as many individuals in Hollywood as possible without using people. Take advantage of opportunities to be of service. The whole idea is to expand your circle of connections, build relationships, and earn trust. Talent on its own will not open doors. The likability factor is crucial. People want to help those whom they like. Now, while they may help you in some way, most will generally not share valuable contacts unless they have developed a relationship with you. So, when nurturing your new relationships with people who can enhance your upward mobility, do not ask for favors. They don’t yet know you and have no reason to go out on a limb. However, when someone makes a recommendation on your behalf, represent him well on all levels because your performance will be a reflection on his judgment.","You should also keep in touch with those potential contacts whom you meet at networking events as well as in everyday life. As things happen for you, send an e-mail of your progress or accomplishments—you want people to know that you are doing things. They will be impressed. As you expand your network, be prepared to do lunch/coffee/ drinks and to send little gifts—“thank yous”—as appropriate.","You don’t have to be an extrovert to be an effective networker. Granted, it takes a little courage to walk up to strangers, introduce yourself, and start a conversation. If you are shy, the concept can be quite intimidating and sometimes uncomfortable. Therefore, find a friend to go with you for support. DON’T sit talking with your friend for the duration of the event—you could have done that at home. Instead, as soon as you can, wean yourself off and meet people. Ask questions—that prevents you (initially) from talking too much about yourself and engages the other person in conversation. Find common interests and note any interesting tidbits (especially helpful in follow-up calls, e-mails, or thank-you gifts). Networking is something you’ll do over the long haul of your career, so get used to it. Master it.","If the people who can hire you or use your services in Hollywood do not know you exist, you need to network! You could be the best writer, producer, director, actor, cinematographer or costumer that ever lived, but if you lack connections and your talent hasn’t yet attracted the attention of people who can open doors for you, you need to network. How often should you network? As often as you can!","RELATED POSTS YOUR TV GUIDE to the Do’s and Don’ts of Networking Mixers NAVIGATING HOLLYWOOD: How I Got to Hollywood – Networking 101","Script has been the leading source for information on the craft and business of writing for film and television since 1995. With inside information, articles written by working writers and filmmakers, and in-depth interviews, Script is the resource on every scriptwriter's must-read list.","The Screenwriting Directory is an online resource with more than 2,500 verified listings for Hollywood industry insiders. Try it for free today."]},"parsed_md":"Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood - Script\nMagazine\n\n * Script\n * Writer’s Digest\n * ScriptXpert Critique\n * Writers Store\n * Screenwriters University\n * Screenwriting Tutorials\n * WD Conference\n\nScript Magazine\n\nRegisterLog In\n\n### Navigate\n\n * Home\n * How To\n\n * How to Write a Screenplay\n\n * Identifying Theme, Premise, Plot\n * Screenplay Structure and Outlining\n * Screenplay Formatting\n * Creating Characters\n * How to Write Dialogue\n * How to Write Scenes\n * Screenplay Feedback Notes\n * Rewriting a Screenplay\n * Adapting a Book into a Screenplay\n * Screenplay Genre\n * How to Write for Television\n\n * How to Write Pilots and Spec Scripts\n * Creating TV Show Bibles\n * TV Writer’s Room\n * How to Write a Play\n * How to Sell a Script and Build a Screenwriting Career\n\n * Film Industry News\n * Independent Films vs. Studio Script Sales\n * How to Protect Your Screenplays\n * How to Create Loglines, Queries, One-Sheets\n * Screenplay Treatments\n * Entering Screenplay Contests\n * Getting Screenwriter Representation\n * Marketing and Branding a Screenwriter\n * How to Pitch a Screenplay\n * Tips for Meetings with Executives\n * Screenwriting Assignments\n * Screenwriting Partnerships\n * Using Script Consultants\n * Networking Tips\n * How to Make a Movie\n\n * Pre-Production Overview\n * Script Development Tips\n * Film Financing\n * Cast and Crew\n * Film Directing\n * Scheduling & Budgeting for Films\n * Film Locations\n * Post-Production Overview\n * Film Festival Advice\n * Marketing a Film\n * Independent Filmmaking\n * How to Write Scripts for Multimedia\n\n * How to Write a Web Series\n * Transmedia Storytelling\n * Comic Books and Graphic Novels\n * How to Write a Short Film\n * Interviews\n\n * Screenwriting Podcasts\n * Screenwriter Profiles\n * Blogs\n\n * View All Contributors’ Blogs\n * Writers on Breaking In\n * Writers on Writing\n * Balls of Steel by Jeanne Veillette Bowerman\n * Breaking & Entering by Barri Evins\n * Breaking In by Staton Rabin\n * Dave Trottier AKA Dr. Format\n * From Script to Screen\n * Improvising Screenplays by Brett Wean\n * Legally Speaking, It Depends by Christopher Schiller\n * Meet the Reader by Ray Morton\n * Notes from the Margins by Danny Manus\n * Script Gods Must Die by Paul Peditto\n * Script Notes by Michael Tabb\n * The Story Broads\n * TV Writers’ Room 101 by Eric Haywood\n * Why Spec Scripts Fail by Stewart Farquhar\n * Writers on the Verge by Lee Jessup\n * Writers on the Web by Rebecca Norris\n * Events\n\n * Live Screenwriting Webinars\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\n * Screenplay & Screenwriting Contests\n * Screenwriting Networking Events & Meetups\n * Film Screenings\n * Education\n\n * Live Webinars\n * Screenwriting Courses\n * Screenwriting Video Tutorials\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\n * In-Person Events\n * On-Demand Webinars\n * Free Downloads\n * Free Events\n * Resources\n\n * Screenwriting Contests Calendar\n * FREE Screenwriting Downloads\n * Screenwriting Coaching and Services\n\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Coverage + Development Notes\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Coverage\n * Writer’s Digest\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\n * Writers Store Competitions\n * Software\n\n * Final Draft 8\n * Movie Magic 6\n * Other Software Products\n * Screenplay & Screenwriting Contests Tips\n * Writing Routine and Outlook\n * Screenwriter Discussions\n * Screenwriting Website of the Week\n * Script Magazine Archives\n * Reviews\n\n * Scriptwriting Software Reviews\n * Screenwriting Book and DVD Reviews\n * Film Reviews\n * The Writers Store\n\n * Final Draft Software\n * Software\n * Webinars\n * ScriptXpert Critque Services\n\nGet our Script eNewsletter and receive the latest in screenwriting news and,\nfor a limited time, get a free download of the How to Write a Screenplay\nworkbook!\n\n# Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood\n\nBy: Script Magazine | May 2, 2018\n\nAs the creator of the Hollywood Networking Breakfast® and career strategist to\nfolk inside and outside of Hollywood, Sandra Lord offers some valuable face-\ntime networking tips for success.\n\nClick to tweet this article to your friends and followers!\n\nNothing is more common in Hollywood than extremely talented people who have\nnot achieved success. While there are various and innumerable reasons, lack of\naccess is, unquestionably, one major component. The barriers to entry into the\ntight-knit entertainment industry are so great, next to having talent,\nnetworking is, arguably, the most important skill one must cultivate in a town\nthat thrives on nepotism. Networking is an integral part of how the system\nworks and if one wants to be part of the game, one just has to invest in\nbuilding relationships and expanding his circle of connections. The old adage\n“it’s all about who you know” is alive and well in Tinseltown, but more\nimportantly, “who knows you ... and how well” is what gets your foot in the\ndoor.\n\nThe term “networking” sometimes has a negative connotation as it conjures up\nimages of unabashed self-promotion. This inference usually tends to come from\npeople who are not good at networking and condescend as a defense mechanism.\nWhether they want to admit it or not, everyone networks at some level. One may\nthink that people at the highest echelons do not network, but they do. If you\nare using your significant credentials to entice a young actor, producer,\nwriter or director to do business with you over dinner, lunch or in a meeting,\nor you send congratulatory gifts to someone to acknowledge an accomplishment,\nyou are networking.\n\nDownload FREE Online and Offline Networking Tips Now!\n\nI think of networking as the ability to use ANY opportunity to build rapport\nand cultivate relationships that could potentially provide inroads or access,\nand if you’re lucky, even long-term friendships.\n\nThere is networking and there is effective networking. Too many people network\nwith the wrong attitude, intention and tools, and all of these produce little\nor no results. If you attend a networking event and no one knows you were\nthere, you have been ineffective. If you focus only on yourself and what you\ncan get from others, you have also failed. Effective networking is about\nsharing and caring, taking an interest in others, setting the foundation for a\nwelcome follow-up, and creating an opportunity to build rapport.\n\n### Expand Your Circle\n\nNetworking requires commitment. That means if you (seriously) want to generate\ninterest in your talents or services, you have to be actively engaged in doing\nso. Attend events. If you live in Los Angeles, there is an abundance of\nindustry-related events you can attend, many of which are listed in trade\npublications like The Hollywood Reporter, Daily Variety, and Backstage West\nand East. If you live outside L.A., it’s easy to find out what’s going on in\nyour local community simply by getting on the Internet. Distance, however,\nshould not be a factor in the pursuit of your career. Many networking events\nin major cities, depending on the scope and size, host attendees from all over\nthe region, and sometimes all over the country, as well as overseas. How\nimportant is your career to you?\n\nJoin or participate in online entertainment industry communities, as well as\norganizations, groups, and professional associations that offer lectures,\nscreenings, courses and, best of all, networking opportunities. Networking in\nyour peer group is essential. Connect and share with those in your writing\ngroup, acting class, theatre company, etc. These are the people who will be\nmaking strides in the industry and you want to cultivate these relationships\nnow. Lastly, create new opportunities for yourself. Consider starting your own\nsmall group for networking purposes as well as to get valuable feedback on\nyour material.\n\n### Nurture Your Relationships\n\nI recommend that you get to know as many individuals in Hollywood as possible\nwithout using people. Take advantage of opportunities to be of service. The\nwhole idea is to expand your circle of connections, build relationships, and\nearn trust. Talent on its own will not open doors. The likability factor is\ncrucial. People want to help those whom they like. Now, while they may help\nyou in some way, most will generally not share valuable contacts unless they\nhave developed a relationship with you. So, when nurturing your new\nrelationships with people who can enhance your upward mobility, do not ask for\nfavors. They don’t yet know you and have no reason to go out on a limb.\nHowever, when someone makes a recommendation on your behalf, represent him\nwell on all levels because your performance will be a reflection on his\njudgment.\n\nHow to Get Your Screenplay Read Without Asking\n\nYou should also keep in touch with those potential contacts whom you meet at\nnetworking events as well as in everyday life. As things happen for you, send\nan e-mail of your progress or accomplishments—you want people to know that you\nare doing things. They will be impressed. As you expand your network, be\nprepared to do lunch/coffee/ drinks and to send little gifts—“thank yous”—as\nappropriate.\n\n### Build Your Confidence\n\nYou don’t have to be an extrovert to be an effective networker. Granted, it\ntakes a little courage to walk up to strangers, introduce yourself, and start\na conversation. If you are shy, the concept can be quite intimidating and\nsometimes uncomfortable. Therefore, find a friend to go with you for support.\nDON’T sit talking with your friend for the duration of the event—you could\nhave done that at home. Instead, as soon as you can, wean yourself off and\nmeet people. Ask questions—that prevents you (initially) from talking too much\nabout yourself and engages the other person in conversation. Find common\ninterests and note any interesting tidbits (especially helpful in follow-up\ncalls, e-mails, or thank-you gifts). Networking is something you’ll do over\nthe long haul of your career, so get used to it. Master it.\n\nIf the people who can hire you or use your services in Hollywood do not know\nyou exist, you need to network! You could be the best writer, producer,\ndirector, actor, cinematographer or costumer that ever lived, but if you lack\nconnections and your talent hasn’t yet attracted the attention of people who\ncan open doors for you, you need to network. How often should you network? As\noften as you can!\n\nOriginally published in Script magazine July/August 2008\n\nMore networking-related articles on Script\n\n## Download our On-Demand Webinar from Jacob Krueger on Finding the Right\nProducer Through the Power of Your Own Social Network\n\n### DOWNLOAD NOW!\n\nCATEGORIES Business Advice, Networking Tips, Screenwriter Blogs, Screenwriting\nHow-To Articles\n\nTAGS benefits of networking, building a network, networking tips\n\nRELATED POSTS YOUR TV GUIDE to the Do’s and Don’ts of Networking Mixers\nNAVIGATING HOLLYWOOD: How I Got to Hollywood – Networking 101\n\n## About Script Magazine\n\nScript has been the leading source for information on the craft and business\nof writing for film and television since 1995. With inside information,\narticles written by working writers and filmmakers, and in-depth interviews,\nScript is the resource on every scriptwriter's must-read list.\n\nView all posts by Script Magazine →\n\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\n### FREE Screenwriting Downloads\n\n * Step-by-Step Guide to High-Concept Ideas\n * How to Vet a Script Consultant\n * How to Find a Literary Agent\n * Creating Short Film Ideas\n * Proper Screenplay Format Tips\n * Creating Strong Protagonist\n * TV Pilot Kit\n * How to Write a Screenplay Webinar\n\n### Screenwriters University Classes\n\n### Starting July 19\n\nHow To Develop Psychological Backstories For Your Characters\n\nPowerful Endings to Hook Your Reader\n\nHow to Get Your Script Past Hollywood Gatekeepers\n\nTen Weeks to Your Feature Film\n\nWriting the Documentary Film\n\nWriting Your Drama Pilot in Six Weeks\n\n### Weekend Estimates\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFeatured Links\n\nThe Screenwriting Directory is an online resource with more than 2,500\nverified listings for Hollywood industry insiders. Try it for free today.\n\nTake Online Screenwriting Classes with industry professionals at Screenwriters\nUniversity.\n\nAttend a live Online Screenwriting Webinar from the Writers Store and learn\nfrom top screenwriters, agents, and instructors.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAbout Us | Contact Us | Customer Service | Advertise | Screenwriting\nCompetitions | Screenwriters University | The Writers Store\n\n© F+W All Rights Reserved. | Privacy Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417194215/https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/","parsed_text":{"title":"13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry","passages":["There are literally thousands of actors in Hollywood trying to “make it.” According to union statistics, approximately 80% of all actors in SAG-AFTRA are out of work at any given time.","1. Get a job You need to survive physically and mentally. You must be able to buy food, pay for rent, car and gas expenses, and have the “business of life” taken care of in order to have the freedom to pursue a creative career. No casting director wants to hire a desperate actor. If you come into your audition with the hope that this job will pay for your overdue rent so you won’t get evicted- well, they will see that fear and desperation, and you are not somebody they want to hire.","2. Find out what makes you different What do you do that is unique? What makes you special? One director I know said he likes actors with a lot of skills, so that he knows what he can have them do in a scene: play drums, basketball, twirl baton, do impressions, do handstands, etc. Not that you don’t also have to act, but this opens up the potential for casting you in a role–especially for commercials.","3. Get an Agent You really do need one. Sometimes a manager can get you initial casting interviews, but it is best to have an agent. (Managers cannot legally negotiate a job.) If you don’t have any or many professional credits, you will probably start with a smaller agency.","Sign with one who is reputable (check with SAG) and needs somebody in your category. I always feel it is better to sign with an agent and try them out for 4-6 months, and if you feel they are not helping your career move forward, then try somebody else. It is usually easier to get the second agent, since somebody has already taken a chance on you.","4. Don’t wait for your agent to get you a job An agent I know said, “We get 10% of your salary, and you get 90%. So you should do 90% of the work.” Do everything you can to get work through friends, online casting sites, plays, and/or student films. The more you are working for you, the more your agent is willing to work for you.","5. Have a great headshot and a great demo reel- update them often These are your number one tools. The headshot gives a casting director their first impression of you- the look, the way you do your hair, even the quality of the photo you have chosen to represent you. In my opinion, if you are going to spend money on your career, spend it on a great headshot. You usually do get what you pay for. The other important tool- your demo reel should be up to date, and have your best work in the first 30 seconds.","If you are not getting a lot of responses, change your headshot. A new look might be just the thing to get the interest of a particular casting director.","6. Keep skills sharp and develop new skills Go to class. Just like athletes who need to train and keep in shape for competition, actors need to workout and keep their acting muscles in shape. You also need to keep developing skills that make you more castable: dancing, singing, martial arts, playing a musical instrument or a sport. The more you know, the more you can work.","7. Work for Free Don’t’ miss an opportunity to work. Many unpaid jobs are rewarded with future jobs and relationships that help you get future work. Work breeds work. And it’s a great ‘free’ acting class.","8. Stay healthy You can’t be ready to work if you are unhealthy- that goes for emotional as well as physical health. Work out, do yoga, meditate, stay in good shape. Acting takes physical and mental tolls on you and you need to have stamina for the long haul, mentally and physically. Do activities that help relieve the stress of pursuing an acting career.","9. See work that inspires you See as much of other actors’ work as you can. Watch films: contemporary and classical. See plays. Know the work of other actors- see how high the bar is.","10. Be prepared Be prepared to perform at any time. Have a couple of great monologues in your back pocket- comedy and drama. (See Denis McCourt’s article, “Oh No! Not Another Article About Audition Monologues”). Always carry pictures and resumes (stapled together) in your car. Have a business card printed with your headshot and contact info in your wallet.","11. Don’t be late Ever. Never. To a job or an audition. People don’t like it when you waste their time. The expression in the Industry is “15 minutes early is on time.”","12. Don’t complain Don’t complain, nobody is listening. If you want a job that provides security, do something else. Only be in this business because you can’t live NOT being in it.","13. Don’t quit Self-explanatory. Don’t quit. Never, ever. There is an old saying “Out of every 3 actors, one will make it. Not because of Talent or Looks, but because the other two give up.” This is very true, but multiply that by thousands. One in every thousand perhaps has the persistence and dedication to keep at it. Just hang in there- the next job is just around the corner. In the meantime, go to class, go take a hike, go learn to play violin. It’s all in the name of Acting.","All programs and workshops are solely owned and operated by the New York Film Academy and are not affiliated with Universal Studios or Harvard University.","GI Bill^® is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at the official U.S. government website at http://www.benefits.va.gov/gibill."]},"parsed_md":"13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry\n\nREQUEST INFO APPLY\n\n1-800-611-FILM | 1-212-674-4300\n\nHome »\n\n# 13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry\n\nPosted on May 28, 2014April 5, 2021 by Helen Kantilaftis\n\nAuthor: Lynda Goodfriend, Chair, Acting Department, New York Film Academy Los\nAngeles\n\nThere are literally thousands of actors in Hollywood trying to “make it.”\nAccording to union statistics, approximately 80% of all actors in SAG-AFTRA\nare out of work at any given time.\n\nSo what do you do while you are waiting to become part of that 20%?\n\n1\\. Get a job You need to survive physically and mentally. You must be able to\nbuy food, pay for rent, car and gas expenses, and have the “business of life”\ntaken care of in order to have the freedom to pursue a creative career. No\ncasting director wants to hire a desperate actor. If you come into your\naudition with the hope that this job will pay for your overdue rent so you\nwon’t get evicted- well, they will see that fear and desperation, and you are\nnot somebody they want to hire.\n\n2\\. Find out what makes you different What do you do that is unique? What\nmakes you special? One director I know said he likes actors with a lot of\nskills, so that he knows what he can have them do in a scene: play drums,\nbasketball, twirl baton, do impressions, do handstands, etc. Not that you\ndon’t also have to act, but this opens up the potential for casting you in a\nrole–especially for commercials.\n\n3\\. Get an Agent You really do need one. Sometimes a manager can get you\ninitial casting interviews, but it is best to have an agent. (Managers cannot\nlegally negotiate a job.) If you don’t have any or many professional credits,\nyou will probably start with a smaller agency.\n\nSign with one who is reputable (check with SAG) and needs somebody in your\ncategory. I always feel it is better to sign with an agent and try them out\nfor 4-6 months, and if you feel they are not helping your career move forward,\nthen try somebody else. It is usually easier to get the second agent, since\nsomebody has already taken a chance on you.\n\n4\\. Don’t wait for your agent to get you a job An agent I know said, “We get\n10% of your salary, and you get 90%. So you should do 90% of the work.” Do\neverything you can to get work through friends, online casting sites, plays,\nand/or student films. The more you are working for you, the more your agent is\nwilling to work for you.\n\n5\\. Have a great headshot and a great demo reel- update them often These are\nyour number one tools. The headshot gives a casting director their first\nimpression of you- the look, the way you do your hair, even the quality of the\nphoto you have chosen to represent you. In my opinion, if you are going to\nspend money on your career, spend it on a great headshot. You usually do get\nwhat you pay for. The other important tool- your demo reel should be up to\ndate, and have your best work in the first 30 seconds.\n\nIf you are not getting a lot of responses, change your headshot. A new look\nmight be just the thing to get the interest of a particular casting director.\n\n6\\. Keep skills sharp and develop new skills Go to class. Just like athletes\nwho need to train and keep in shape for competition, actors need to workout\nand keep their acting muscles in shape. You also need to keep developing\nskills that make you more castable: dancing, singing, martial arts, playing a\nmusical instrument or a sport. The more you know, the more you can work.\n\n7\\. Work for Free Don’t’ miss an opportunity to work. Many unpaid jobs are\nrewarded with future jobs and relationships that help you get future work.\nWork breeds work. And it’s a great ‘free’ acting class.\n\n8\\. Stay healthy You can’t be ready to work if you are unhealthy- that goes\nfor emotional as well as physical health. Work out, do yoga, meditate, stay in\ngood shape. Acting takes physical and mental tolls on you and you need to have\nstamina for the long haul, mentally and physically. Do activities that help\nrelieve the stress of pursuing an acting career.\n\n9\\. See work that inspires you See as much of other actors’ work as you can.\nWatch films: contemporary and classical. See plays. Know the work of other\nactors- see how high the bar is.\n\n10\\. Be prepared Be prepared to perform at any time. Have a couple of great\nmonologues in your back pocket- comedy and drama. (See Denis McCourt’s\narticle, “Oh No! Not Another Article About Audition Monologues”). Always carry\npictures and resumes (stapled together) in your car. Have a business card\nprinted with your headshot and contact info in your wallet.\n\n11\\. Don’t be late Ever. Never. To a job or an audition. People don’t like it\nwhen you waste their time. The expression in the Industry is “15 minutes early\nis on time.”\n\n12\\. Don’t complain Don’t complain, nobody is listening. If you want a job\nthat provides security, do something else. Only be in this business because\nyou can’t live NOT being in it.\n\n13\\. Don’t quit Self-explanatory. Don’t quit. Never, ever. There is an old\nsaying “Out of every 3 actors, one will make it. Not because of Talent or\nLooks, but because the other two give up.” This is very true, but multiply\nthat by thousands. One in every thousand perhaps has the persistence and\ndedication to keep at it. Just hang in there- the next job is just around the\ncorner. In the meantime, go to class, go take a hike, go learn to play violin.\nIt’s all in the name of Acting.\n\n13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry by Helen Kantilaftis\n\n * Filmmaking\n\n# Primary Topics\n\n» Acting » Animation » Broadcast Journalism » Cinematography » Digital Editing\n» Documentary Filmmaking » Filmmaking » Game Design » Graphic Design »\nIllustration » Musical Theatre » Photography » Producing » Screenwriting »\nVirtual Reality » ESL Other Topics » Apps » Teens & Kids Camps » Commissions &\nGuilds » Equipment & Space » Film Festivals » Glossary » Permits\n\n# Connect With NYFA\n\nBlog| Twitter \n---|--- \nFacebook| LinkedIn \nInstagram| Youtube \nSnapchat \n \n# Request Info\n\nHome • Student Services • NYFA Online Store • Jobs • Privacy Policy • Site Map\n17 Battery Place, New York, NY 10004 United States Copyright © 2019 New York\nFilm Academy\n\nAll programs and workshops are solely owned and operated by the New York Film\nAcademy and are not affiliated with Universal Studios or Harvard University.\n\nGI Bill^® is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs\n(VA). More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at\nthe official U.S. government website at http://www.benefits.va.gov/gibill.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170302022655/http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"6 Stars Who Were Discovered By The Internet\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Once upon a time, young actors or singers found fame the old fashioned way; by moving to Hollywood, going to auditions while waiting tables to get by, and praying they’d be \\\"discovered.\\\" These days fame could be just a few clicks away, as evidenced by the following six superstars who all got their start on YouTube, blogs, and through viral word of mouth.\",\n \"Here are some of the most famous people to have been discovered by the good people of the interweb. Celebrities: They're just like us! Okay, not really (or at all), but still. It's pretty cool to think that you could get discovered simply by posting a funny Vine video or \\\"accidentally\\\" leaking your sex tape. What a time to be alive!\",\n \"America first \\\"met\\\" reality star Kim Kardashian when we’d see her in the tabloids, tagging along with socialite Paris Hilton in the early 2000s, but she didn’t become really famous until her sex tape with R&B singer Ray J hit the web in 2007. After clips from the video were leaked online, Kardashian became a household name and earned herself a well-received reality show on E!. Now that she's married to Kanye West she has officially become one of the most well known (and most frequently memed) celebrities of all time.\",\n \"Kate Upton was a working model whose own agency, IMB, worried that she \\\"wasn't fashion enough\\\" by fashion house standards, until a friend uploaded a video that went viral. In the video, Upton does a bouncy chair dance version of \\\"The Dougie\\\" dance at an L.A. Clippers game (with an emphasis on \\\"bouncy.\\\")\",\n \"Kate is now famous enough to get bad Photoshop hack jobs all the time. Remember this Harper's Bazaar cover? Ouch.\",\n \"Since Justin Bieber is such a mega-star, many people don’t realize that he got his start in Ontario, Canada, by uploading videos to YouTube of himself performing R&B songs. Seven months and ten thousand views later, Bieber attracted the attention of his future manager, Scooter Braun, who got him his first record deal. At age 13, Bieber signed a contract with R&B singer Usher’s label, and to date, Bieber has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.\",\n \"Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen had already made a name for herself in her own country, but she didn't become an international superstar until a YouTube video of herself performing her big hit, “Call Me Maybe” was noticed by fellow Canadian singer, Justin Bieber. Bieber tweeted about the song to his millions of fans, and next thing you know, the song exploded on the U.S. Pop charts and became the official ear worm of 2012.\",\n \"Comedian Bo Burnham was just sixteen years-old when he started making videos of his unique brand of comedy and uploading them to YouTube. Burnham, who is famous for his politically incorrect original songs and jokes involving race, religion, and other taboo subject matter, achieved fame fast and early thanks, in part, to comedy site Break. After his YouTube videos surpassed 70 million views, Burnham got an agent and started performing at festival and comedy clubs. Comedy Central signed Burnham for a full length special just days after his 18th birthday, making him the youngest comedian to ever achieve that honor.\",\n \"Last but not least, It's hard to even imagine a world without Grumpy Cat! Sure, she's not a human celebrity, but considering the fact that she's got a movie, a website, a large fan following, and lots and lots of merchandise getting sold every day, she's definitely a superstar none the less. You can read all about the infamous feline's rise to fame from web meme to movie star here.\",\n \"Let's not forget that Grumpy Cat is also the crown jewel of the 10 Most Famous Cats on the Internet.\",\n \"Everything is fake and nothing is real! Remember that next time you feel inadequate thanks to an airbrushed photo of a beautiful celebrity.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"6 Stars Who Were Discovered By The Internet\\n\\n * About.com\\n * Autos\\n * Careers\\n * Dating & Relationships\\n * Education\\n * en Español\\n * Entertainment\\n * Food\\n * Health\\n * Home\\n * Money\\n * News & Issues\\n * Parenting\\n * Religion & Spirituality\\n * Sports\\n * Style\\n * Tech\\n * Travel\\n\\n * 1\\n\\n6 Stars You Didn't Know Were Discovered By The ...\\n\\n * 2\\n\\n5 Of The Most Famous Cats On The Internet\\n\\n * 3\\n\\n10 of the Most Viewed Funny Videos on YouTube\\n\\n * 4\\n\\n5 Cute Kids Who Became 'Internet Famous' In 201...\\n\\n * 5\\n\\nThe Top 20 Funny Viral Videos of All Time\\n\\n * About.com\\n * About Entertainment\\n * Web Humor\\n\\n# 6 Stars You Didn't Know Were Discovered By The Internet\\n\\nThese six superstars all have the Internet to thank for their fame.\\n\\nShare\\n\\nPin\\n\\nTweet\\n\\nSubmit\\n\\nStumble\\n\\nPost\\n\\nShare\\n\\nBy Beverly Jenkins\\n\\nWeb Humor Expert\\n\\nBy Beverly Jenkins\\n\\nUpdated August 30, 2016.\\n\\nOnce upon a time, young actors or singers found fame the old fashioned way; by\\nmoving to Hollywood, going to auditions while waiting tables to get by, and\\npraying they’d be \\\"discovered.\\\" These days fame could be just a few clicks\\naway, as evidenced by the following six superstars who all got their start on\\nYouTube, blogs, and through viral word of mouth.\\n\\nHere are some of the most famous people to have been discovered by the good\\npeople of the interweb. Celebrities: They're just like us! Okay, not really\\n(or at all), but still. It's pretty cool to think that you could get\\ndiscovered simply by posting a funny Vine video or \\\"accidentally\\\" leaking your\\nsex tape. What a time to be alive!\\n\\nVia Mashable.\\n\\n### 1\\\\. Kim Kardashian\\n\\nAmerica first \\\"met\\\" reality star Kim Kardashian when we’d see her in the\\ntabloids, tagging along with socialite Paris Hilton in the early 2000s, but\\nshe didn’t become really famous until her sex tape with R&B singer Ray J hit\\nthe web in 2007. After clips from the video were leaked online, Kardashian\\nbecame a household name and earned herself a well-received reality show on E!.\\nNow that she's married to Kanye West she has officially become one of the most\\nwell known (and most frequently memed) celebrities of all time.\\n\\nShe's also rather infamous for Photoshopping her social media images, but\\nthat's none of my business.\\n\\ncontinue reading below our video\\n\\n5 Classic Novels Everyone Should Read\\n\\nVia Harper's Bazaar.\\n\\n### 2\\\\. Kate Upton\\n\\nKate Upton was a working model whose own agency, IMB, worried that she \\\"wasn't\\nfashion enough\\\" by fashion house standards, until a friend uploaded a video\\nthat went viral. In the video, Upton does a bouncy chair dance version of \\\"The\\nDougie\\\" dance at an L.A. Clippers game (with an emphasis on \\\"bouncy.\\\")\\n\\nKate is now famous enough to get bad Photoshop hack jobs all the time.\\nRemember this Harper's Bazaar cover? Ouch.\\n\\nCourtesy: People.com\\n\\n### 3\\\\. Justin Bieber\\n\\nSince Justin Bieber is such a mega-star, many people don’t realize that he got\\nhis start in Ontario, Canada, by uploading videos to YouTube of himself\\nperforming R&B songs. Seven months and ten thousand views later, Bieber\\nattracted the attention of his future manager, Scooter Braun, who got him his\\nfirst record deal. At age 13, Bieber signed a contract with R&B singer Usher’s\\nlabel, and to date, Bieber has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.\\n\\nCourtesy: Twitter\\n\\n### 4\\\\. Carly Rae Jepsen\\n\\nCanadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen had already made a name for herself in her\\nown country, but she didn't become an international superstar until a YouTube\\nvideo of herself performing her big hit, “Call Me Maybe” was noticed by fellow\\nCanadian singer, Justin Bieber. Bieber tweeted about the song to his millions\\nof fans, and next thing you know, the song exploded on the U.S. Pop charts and\\nbecame the official ear worm of 2012.\\n\\nCourtesy: EW.com\\n\\n### 5\\\\. Bo Burnham\\n\\nComedian Bo Burnham was just sixteen years-old when he started making videos\\nof his unique brand of comedy and uploading them to YouTube. Burnham, who is\\nfamous for his politically incorrect original songs and jokes involving race,\\nreligion, and other taboo subject matter, achieved fame fast and early thanks,\\nin part, to comedy site Break. After his YouTube videos surpassed 70 million\\nviews, Burnham got an agent and started performing at festival and comedy\\nclubs. Comedy Central signed Burnham for a full length special just days after\\nhis 18th birthday, making him the youngest comedian to ever achieve that\\nhonor.\\n\\nImage Courtesy: BuzzFeed.\\n\\n### 6\\\\. Grumpy Cat\\n\\nLast but not least, It's hard to even imagine a world without Grumpy Cat!\\nSure, she's not a human celebrity, but considering the fact that she's got a\\nmovie, a website, a large fan following, and lots and lots of merchandise\\ngetting sold every day, she's definitely a superstar none the less. You can\\nread all about the infamous feline's rise to fame from web meme to movie star\\nhere.\\n\\nLet's not forget that Grumpy Cat is also the crown jewel of the 10 Most Famous\\nCats on the Internet.\\n\\n### NEXT UP: 25 Of The WORST Celebrity Photoshop Fails Of All Time.\\n\\nEverything is fake and nothing is real! Remember that next time you feel\\ninadequate thanks to an airbrushed photo of a beautiful celebrity.\\n\\nShow Full Article\\n\\n##### Related\\n\\n * Bo Burnham, the Internet's Biggest Comedian\\n * 9 Kid Singers You Probably Didn't Know Were Discovered on YouTube\\n * 10 of the Most Viewed Funny Videos on YouTube\\n * 10 Musical Comedians Every Comedy Fan Must Hear\\n\\n##### More from the Web\\n\\nPowered By ZergNet\\n\\n##### Web Humor\\n\\nAbout Entertainment Follow us:\\n\\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Entertainment in your inbox.\\n\\n##### Thanks, You're in!\\n\\n * Our Story\\n * Advertise With Us\\n * Site Map\\n * Help\\n\\n * Write for About\\n * Careers at About\\n * Terms of Use & Policies\\n\\n© 2017 About, Inc. — All rights reserved.\\n\\nAlso from About.com: Verywell, The Balance, Lifewire & The Spruce\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20171015045221/http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"All the time young college students who don’t know any better are asking me, “Hey, Jessica, how do I make it in the entertainment industry? How can I get a job as a writer’s assistant like the one you used to have?” I’ve been incredibly fortunate to have a lot of help along the way on my career journey. It’s the least I can do to pay it forward and divulge my insider industry secrets.\",\n \"As such, the following are my top ten pieces of advice for people who aspire to be more like me and waste their lives pursuing delusional pipe dreams:\",\n \"1. BE NICE? – People are always complaining that everyone here is a jerk, so if you’re nice you’ll probably stand out. Standing out is good.\",\n \"2. BE (OVERLY) CONFIDENT – There are too many other people trying to do this. Your chances of success are insanely small. There is a high likelihood that you will fail. As such, nurture your delusions. There will be an infinite amount of times you will want to give up and probably should give up, but don’t.\",\n \"3. LOSE YOUR DIGNITY – Rejection is par for the course. Forget about concepts like “shame” or “respect”. If you can’t laugh at yourself and care too much about what everyone else thinks, you’re doomed. Judgment runs rampant in Hollywood so the sooner you can degrade yourself willingly and not let it bother you, the better.\",\n \"4. DO A BAD JOB AT YOUR DATA ENTRY GIG – Instead of being productive at my old data entry job, I tweeted a lot of jokes. Those jokes helped me connect with a guy who happened to know one of the writers at Weeds. They were looking for a writer’s assistant. So don’t invest too much of your energy in soul- sucking endeavors when your heart is telling you to procrastinate and tweet a lot. (See #10)\",\n \"5. DRINK A LOT – Networking is important. Everyone in Hollywood is a partier and will make grand promises of getting you an agent if you catch them at a time when they are wasted enough, which is most of the time. So develop your penchant for alcohol now.\",\n \"6. NO ONE CARES ABOUT YOU – I know you aspire to one day be the host of The Joe Schmo Show, but bulldozing and sabotaging anyone you perceive as a threat to your own self-indulgent ego-fest isn’t a great idea. Accept that no one really cares about you right now, don’t worry about what everyone else is doing, and just do good work. Then maybe the fans will come organically.\",\n \"7. FIND PEOPLE YOU ENJOY USING – The sooner you can find the people you want to collaborate with and genuinely support them in their dreams – the sooner you’ll find the ones who will come up with you to support your dreams. In a way you can think of it as developing friendships with people you like, that way when you both use each other it actually feels fun, enjoyable, and rewarding.\",\n \"8. THE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY IS VERY IMPORTANT – This is really serious work that matters a lot, so definitely beat yourself up all the time if you don’t think you’re doing a good enough job and definitely don’t have any fun while you’re pursuing the thing you love. If you can be stressed out all the time and anxious about your performances, that will probably help get the creative juices flowing so that you can be a machine that cranks out scripts and books auditions.\",\n \"9. DON’T LISTEN TO ANYONE – Everyone in Hollywood is crazy, so don’t listen to anyone. Everyone will have a million opinions and top ten pieces of advice to give you on how to make it, but no one really knows. Everyone’s path is different. There are dogs on YouTube more famous and successful than I am, so at the end of the day, you have to find the path that is right for you, and maybe no one has been down it before so you have to pave the way.\",\n \"10. FOLLOW YOUR HEART, UGH – Despite all my previous sarcasm, this is something I truly believe. This is a tough career path. It’s unstable, unpredictable, nothing is guaranteed, and you will always wonder why that guy you’re clearly more talented than makes a bazillion dollars while you just wrapped a hot dog in a taco shell because you are too poor to eat. You have to do this because you love the process, you are passionate about your ideas, and you want to connect with others who care about the same things. This career can’t be about money or fame or prestige because even if you get those things, you will still be left with whomever you are inside, and you’ll realize that your jaunt down the red carpet didn’t fix your dad issues. Joan Rivers once said, “this isn’t a career, it’s a calling.” I believe it. If you have been called to the fine pursuit of struggling for years until you finally make a difference in our cultural zeitgeist, then ABSOLUTELY follow your heart and do nothing less than projects that excite and inspire you – because that’s the only reason to do any of this in the first place.\",\n \"I hope that those even younger and less informed than I am find this helpful and inspiring. If you heed my advice, work hard, and are kind, amazing things will happen (pretty sure Conan never copyrighted that gem. Anyway, it’s something that I also thought of independently).\",\n \"Jessica Cabot is a writer and comedian living in Los Angeles who has worked for such notable TV programs as Web Therapy, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Weeds, and Wilfred. She hopes to one day change and inspire the world with her comedy, or at least be roasted on Comedy Central. Jessica even co-hosts a monthly comedy show at Bar Lubitsch as an intergalactic super model, Lady Sodium. Other than that she shares a birthday with Gary Busey. Follow her on Twitter @jessicacabot\",\n \"Tags: Film and TV business, Follow your dreams, Hollywood, Hollywood assistant, Jessica Cabot, Top 10 pieces of advice to break into Hollywood\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood - Hollywood\\nJournal\\n\\n * Home\\n * STORIES\\n\\n * BEST MEETING EVER\\n * 1ST HOLLYWOOD JOB\\n * HA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\\n * HAPPILY EVER AFTER\\n * HEART OF THE MATTER\\n * HWOOD STREET TALK\\n * HOLYWOOD\\n * INDUSTRY IMPRESSIONS\\n * MAKING A DIFFERENCE\\n * PARENTHOOD TALES\\n * PERSONAL JOURNEYS\\n * PODCASTS\\n\\n * SOUL PODCAST\\n * SOUL DILEMMA\\n * VIDEO\\n\\n * Hollywood Drive & Talk\\n * EXTRAS\\n\\n * AROUND THE WEB\\n * SOUL QUOTE\\n * CONTRIBUTORS\\n * ABOUT US\\n * CONTACT US\\n * SUBSCRIBE\\n * SUBMISSIONS\\n\\n### Recent Stories\\n\\n#### How to clean up your life one mess at a time\\n\\nMarch 17, 2015\\n\\n#### Why mind over matter wins in ‘Bite Size’ movie\\n\\nMarch 16, 2015\\n\\n#### If there’s an afterlife, Sam Simon has everyone laughing\\n\\nMarch 13, 2015\\n\\n#### Hanging with John 5 & The Creatures\\n\\nMarch 11, 2015\\n\\n#### The forgotten audience: An open letter to Hollywood\\n\\nMarch 10, 2015\\n\\nLoading\\n\\n### Archives\\n\\nHA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\\n\\nImage via Shutterstock\\n\\n * March 20, 2013\\n * by Jessica Cabot\\n * in HA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\\n * Comments\\n\\n# 10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood\\n\\nby Jessica Cabot\\n\\nAll the time young college students who don’t know any better are asking me,\\n“Hey, Jessica, how do I make it in the entertainment industry? How can I get a\\njob as a writer’s assistant like the one you used to have?” I’ve been\\nincredibly fortunate to have a lot of help along the way on my career journey.\\nIt’s the least I can do to pay it forward and divulge my insider industry\\nsecrets.\\n\\nAs such, the following are my top ten pieces of advice for people who aspire\\nto be more like me and waste their lives pursuing delusional pipe dreams:\\n\\n1\\\\. BE NICE? – People are always complaining that everyone here is a jerk, so\\nif you’re nice you’ll probably stand out. Standing out is good.\\n\\n2\\\\. BE (OVERLY) CONFIDENT – There are too many other people trying to do this.\\nYour chances of success are insanely small. There is a high likelihood that\\nyou will fail. As such, nurture your delusions. There will be an infinite\\namount of times you will want to give up and probably should give up, but\\ndon’t.\\n\\n3\\\\. LOSE YOUR DIGNITY – Rejection is par for the course. Forget about concepts\\nlike “shame” or “respect”. If you can’t laugh at yourself and care too much\\nabout what everyone else thinks, you’re doomed. Judgment runs rampant in\\nHollywood so the sooner you can degrade yourself willingly and not let it\\nbother you, the better.\\n\\n4\\\\. DO A BAD JOB AT YOUR DATA ENTRY GIG – Instead of being productive at my\\nold data entry job, I tweeted a lot of jokes. Those jokes helped me connect\\nwith a guy who happened to know one of the writers at Weeds. They were looking\\nfor a writer’s assistant. So don’t invest too much of your energy in soul-\\nsucking endeavors when your heart is telling you to procrastinate and tweet a\\nlot. (See #10)\\n\\n5\\\\. DRINK A LOT – Networking is important. Everyone in Hollywood is a partier\\nand will make grand promises of getting you an agent if you catch them at a\\ntime when they are wasted enough, which is most of the time. So develop your\\npenchant for alcohol now.\\n\\n6\\\\. NO ONE CARES ABOUT YOU – I know you aspire to one day be the host of The\\nJoe Schmo Show, but bulldozing and sabotaging anyone you perceive as a threat\\nto your own self-indulgent ego-fest isn’t a great idea. Accept that no one\\nreally cares about you right now, don’t worry about what everyone else is\\ndoing, and just do good work. Then maybe the fans will come organically.\\n\\n7\\\\. FIND PEOPLE YOU ENJOY USING – The sooner you can find the people you want\\nto collaborate with and genuinely support them in their dreams – the sooner\\nyou’ll find the ones who will come up with you to support your dreams. In a\\nway you can think of it as developing friendships with people you like, that\\nway when you both use each other it actually feels fun, enjoyable, and\\nrewarding.\\n\\n8\\\\. THE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY IS VERY IMPORTANT – This is really serious work\\nthat matters a lot, so definitely beat yourself up all the time if you don’t\\nthink you’re doing a good enough job and definitely don’t have any fun while\\nyou’re pursuing the thing you love. If you can be stressed out all the time\\nand anxious about your performances, that will probably help get the creative\\njuices flowing so that you can be a machine that cranks out scripts and books\\nauditions.\\n\\n9\\\\. DON’T LISTEN TO ANYONE – Everyone in Hollywood is crazy, so don’t listen\\nto anyone. Everyone will have a million opinions and top ten pieces of advice\\nto give you on how to make it, but no one really knows. Everyone’s path is\\ndifferent. There are dogs on YouTube more famous and successful than I am, so\\nat the end of the day, you have to find the path that is right for you, and\\nmaybe no one has been down it before so you have to pave the way.\\n\\n10\\\\. FOLLOW YOUR HEART, UGH – Despite all my previous sarcasm, this is\\nsomething I truly believe. This is a tough career path. It’s unstable,\\nunpredictable, nothing is guaranteed, and you will always wonder why that guy\\nyou’re clearly more talented than makes a bazillion dollars while you just\\nwrapped a hot dog in a taco shell because you are too poor to eat. You have to\\ndo this because you love the process, you are passionate about your ideas, and\\nyou want to connect with others who care about the same things. This career\\ncan’t be about money or fame or prestige because even if you get those things,\\nyou will still be left with whomever you are inside, and you’ll realize that\\nyour jaunt down the red carpet didn’t fix your dad issues. Joan Rivers once\\nsaid, “this isn’t a career, it’s a calling.” I believe it. If you have been\\ncalled to the fine pursuit of struggling for years until you finally make a\\ndifference in our cultural zeitgeist, then ABSOLUTELY follow your heart and do\\nnothing less than projects that excite and inspire you – because that’s the\\nonly reason to do any of this in the first place.\\n\\nI hope that those even younger and less informed than I am find this helpful\\nand inspiring. If you heed my advice, work hard, and are kind, amazing things\\nwill happen (pretty sure Conan never copyrighted that gem. Anyway, it’s\\nsomething that I also thought of independently).\\n\\n### About Jessica Cabot\\n\\nJessica Cabot is a writer and comedian living in Los Angeles who has worked\\nfor such notable TV programs as Web Therapy, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno,\\nWeeds, and Wilfred. She hopes to one day change and inspire the world with her\\ncomedy, or at least be roasted on Comedy Central. Jessica even co-hosts a\\nmonthly comedy show at Bar Lubitsch as an intergalactic super model, Lady\\nSodium. Other than that she shares a birthday with Gary Busey. Follow her on\\nTwitter @jessicacabot\\n\\nTags: Film and TV business, Follow your dreams, Hollywood, Hollywood\\nassistant, Jessica Cabot, Top 10 pieces of advice to break into Hollywood\\n\\n.\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Us\\n * Best Meeting Ever\\n * Contact Us\\n * First Hollywood Job\\n * Ha-Ha-Hollywood\\n * Happily Ever After\\n * Heart of the Matter\\n * Holywood\\n * Industry Impressions\\n * Making a Difference\\n * Parenthood Tales\\n * Personal Journeys\\n * Soul Dilemma\\n * Video\\n * Around the Web\\n * Soul Quote\\n * Archives\\n * Subscribe\\n * Terms of Service\\n * Submissions\\n\\n©2014 TRIBE Media Corp.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417020138/https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Have you been dreaming of a career in film and television? Well, I’ve got good news for you: Lunacy Productions (and every other production company, agency, studio, and ancillary business in Los Angeles) is full of people who had that same dream and are making it a reality.\",\n \"Below we share five tips for building a lasting career in Hollywood. But first, a caveat: if you just want to be a millionaire, you’re probably better off playing the stock market or working on your jump shot. There are many ways to make a living in the entertainment industry, but very few ways to become extravagantly wealthy. You have to love the work.\",\n \"If you want to make movies and television, the first step is to watch movies and television! This should be the fun part, but many people don’t take it seriously enough. In order to learn from the media you consume you must be an attentive and active viewer. If you just have the TV on in the background while you play on your cell phone or do your taxes, you’ve gained nothing.\",\n \"Also, if you only watch new releases, or one specific genre, you’re depriving yourself of the well-rounded film education that could separate you from your competition. Horror movies, for instance, inherit many of their techniques and tropes from silent German Expressionist cinema, noir thrillers of the 40s and 50s, and even the French New Wave. Acquainting yourself with these films will deepen your understanding of modern horror and might even stimulate new and original ideas.\",\n \"Like any art form, film has also been extensively studied and written about. There’s a hundred years’ worth of instruction, memoir, and critical analysis of motion pictures in your local library, bookstore, or e-reader. Sidney Lumet’s Making Movies, Steven D. Katz’s Film Directing: Shot by Shot, and Walter Murch’s In The Blink Of An Eye are a few favorites to get you started. And, of course, the Lunacy Blog updates every week with practical lessons from independent film production.\",\n \"Let’s get this out of the way up front: film school is not the best option for everyone, and a degree in film is not necessary to be successful in Hollywood. In fact, the degree itself is almost useless. The education, structure, community, and connections are the real reason to go the film school route. So think long and hard before you commit time and (often massive amounts of) money to this path.\",\n \"With that in mind, here are some reasons a formal education in filmmaking might be right for you. First and foremost, if you’re the type of person who works better with deadlines, assignments, and outside motivation, the structure of a school environment should help you. You’ll be assigned books to read and films to watch; you’ll attend lectures and workshops; you’ll be expected to write scripts and film them. You still have to do the work, and if you want to be truly great, you’ll have to do more than just what’s assigned.\",\n \"There’s also a big advantage in being a part of a community of other filmmakers. Being in a film program means having constant access to ready and willing collaborators. Your peers become your crew, and you learn from each other and benefit from your diverse perspectives and skill sets. You also critique each other’s work, developing a network of trusted colleagues that you will carry into your professional life.\",\n \"In addition to your classmates, you also benefit from connections made with faculty, guest speakers, and industry internships. Very often your school will have a career services department that can connect you to an industry mentor or an entry-level position after graduation. This is particularly true of film schools situated in New York, Los Angeles, and other cities with a booming entertainment industry.\",\n \"Some people can get pretty far in life coasting on talent, charm, or nepotism. This is as true in Hollywood as it is anywhere else. But when the rubber meets the road, nobody wants to work with someone who can’t pull their own weight. If you want to succeed in the film industry (or life in general) you need to be competent and you need to know how to work hard, and both of those things take practice.\",\n \"No one is born a great filmmaker. Some might have innate skills that give them an advantage, but every aspect of filmmaking, from writing to directing to editing, takes practice. So get your reps in. If you want to be a writer, start writing. Your first scripts will probably be terrible, but writing them is the only way you’ll gain the experience you need to write a great one. The first time you step onto the set as a director, and everyone looks to you for instructions, you will be terrified! That’s okay. The only way to get comfortable in that position is to do it over and over and over again.\",\n \"Hard work takes practice too. It’s easy to say, “When my big opportunity arrives, I’ll buckle down and focus. But today I’m going to take it easy.” But working hard is a habit, developed over time, not a switch that you flip on. Feature films typically shoot twelve-hour days, five or six days in a row, for several weeks. The work is physically and mentally demanding. Post-production jobs can be even worse. It’s a grind, and if you aren’t prepared it will grind you right down to nothing! So instead of delaying the hard work until some imaginary future day that might never arrive, start today! That way when you’re big break comes, you’ll be ready.\",\n \"As we’ve emphasized, making movies can be an intense, physically and emotionally grueling experience. Creative people can get passionate, angry, or cranky, especially when they feel their art is threatened. But no one wants to work with an asshole. In an industry that has been notoriously tolerant of “temperamental geniuses,” we are seeing more and more instances of producers and studios deciding that working with abrasive people just isn’t worth it.\",\n \"It’s much more enjoyable to spend 12 hours a day working with people you like. So if you want to get hired, be the kind of person who brings a positive attitude and a sense of humor to the set every day. If you are prone to stirring up trouble, provoking confrontations, gossiping, or just going about your business with a foul attitude, it will cost you work. Everyone has a list of people they call first when a job opens up, and another list of people they’ll never work with again. You want to be on that first list!\",\n \"It’s a good lesson to remember as you rise up in the industry. As a producer or director, you might be able to get away with talking down to someone or throwing a temper tantrum. But each time you do, you risk ending up on someone’s “never again” list. It’s a small town with a long memory.\",\n \"Okay. It’s time for a tough dose of reality: Even if you take all the previous advice, you still might never become a successful screenwriter, director, or producer. You might never premiere at Sundance, win an Oscar, or get your dream project made. Knowledge, hard work, and even talent, can’t guarantee success in the film and television industry, or in life in general. At some point it all comes down to luck.\",\n \"Almost every Hollywood success story involves an element of chance: being in the right place at the right time; a random encounter; a million-to-one shot. There’s no way to predict or replicate good fortune, but knowing your craft, honing your skills, and being active and well-regarded in the industry will increase the chances of a lucky break coming your way... and ensure you are prepared to make the most of it when it does!\",\n \"finances motivation filmmaking female filmmakers cinematography five for filming Harris McCabe essay low-budget interview advice sound Indie films film development documentary indie film communication career advice creativity television etiquette editing screenwriting Director directing women in film production tips post-production preparation production independent production film Stu Pollard pre-production feedback the business writing meetings Dan Levine collaboration acting development Alexandra Jensen film crew producing\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success - Lunacy Productions\\n\\nSelect Page\\n\\n# THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success\\n\\nby Lunacy Staff | Jun 26, 2018 | Five For Filming\\n\\nHave you been dreaming of a career in film and television? Well, I’ve got good\\nnews for you: Lunacy Productions (and every other production company, agency,\\nstudio, and ancillary business in Los Angeles) is full of people who had that\\nsame dream and are making it a reality.\\n\\nBelow we share five tips for building a lasting career in Hollywood. But\\nfirst, a caveat: if you just want to be a millionaire, you’re probably better\\noff playing the stock market or working on your jump shot. There are many ways\\nto make a living in the entertainment industry, but very few ways to become\\nextravagantly wealthy. You have to love the work.\\n\\nStill with us? Okay...\\n\\n## 1\\\\. Do your homework\\n\\nIf you want to make movies and television, the first step is to watch movies\\nand television! This should be the fun part, but many people don’t take it\\nseriously enough. In order to learn from the media you consume you must be an\\nattentive and active viewer. If you just have the TV on in the background\\nwhile you play on your cell phone or do your taxes, you’ve gained nothing.\\n\\nAlso, if you only watch new releases, or one specific genre, you’re depriving\\nyourself of the well-rounded film education that could separate you from your\\ncompetition. Horror movies, for instance, inherit many of their techniques and\\ntropes from silent German Expressionist cinema, noir thrillers of the 40s and\\n50s, and even the French New Wave. Acquainting yourself with these films will\\ndeepen your understanding of modern horror and might even stimulate new and\\noriginal ideas.\\n\\nLike any art form, film has also been extensively studied and written about.\\nThere’s a hundred years’ worth of instruction, memoir, and critical analysis\\nof motion pictures in your local library, bookstore, or e-reader. Sidney\\nLumet’s Making Movies, Steven D. Katz’s Film Directing: Shot by Shot, and\\nWalter Murch’s In The Blink Of An Eye are a few favorites to get you started.\\nAnd, of course, the Lunacy Blog updates every week with practical lessons from\\nindependent film production.\\n\\n## 2\\\\. Go to school\\n\\nLet’s get this out of the way up front: film school is not the best option for\\neveryone, and a degree in film is not necessary to be successful in Hollywood.\\nIn fact, the degree itself is almost useless. The education, structure,\\ncommunity, and connections are the real reason to go the film school route. So\\nthink long and hard before you commit time and (often massive amounts of)\\nmoney to this path.\\n\\nWith that in mind, here are some reasons a formal education in filmmaking\\nmight be right for you. First and foremost, if you’re the type of person who\\nworks better with deadlines, assignments, and outside motivation, the\\nstructure of a school environment should help you. You’ll be assigned books to\\nread and films to watch; you’ll attend lectures and workshops; you’ll be\\nexpected to write scripts and film them. You still have to do the work, and if\\nyou want to be truly great, you’ll have to do more than just what’s assigned.\\n\\nThere’s also a big advantage in being a part of a community of other\\nfilmmakers. Being in a film program means having constant access to ready and\\nwilling collaborators. Your peers become your crew, and you learn from each\\nother and benefit from your diverse perspectives and skill sets. You also\\ncritique each other’s work, developing a network of trusted colleagues that\\nyou will carry into your professional life.\\n\\nIn addition to your classmates, you also benefit from connections made with\\nfaculty, guest speakers, and industry internships. Very often your school will\\nhave a career services department that can connect you to an industry mentor\\nor an entry-level position after graduation. This is particularly true of film\\nschools situated in New York, Los Angeles, and other cities with a booming\\nentertainment industry.\\n\\n## 3\\\\. Put in the work\\n\\nSome people can get pretty far in life coasting on talent, charm, or nepotism.\\nThis is as true in Hollywood as it is anywhere else. But when the rubber meets\\nthe road, nobody wants to work with someone who can’t pull their own weight.\\nIf you want to succeed in the film industry (or life in general) you need to\\nbe competent and you need to know how to work hard, and both of those things\\ntake practice.\\n\\nNo one is born a great filmmaker. Some might have innate skills that give them\\nan advantage, but every aspect of filmmaking, from writing to directing to\\nediting, takes practice. So get your reps in. If you want to be a writer,\\nstart writing. Your first scripts will probably be terrible, but writing them\\nis the only way you’ll gain the experience you need to write a great one. The\\nfirst time you step onto the set as a director, and everyone looks to you for\\ninstructions, you will be terrified! That’s okay. The only way to get\\ncomfortable in that position is to do it over and over and over again.\\n\\nHard work takes practice too. It’s easy to say, “When my big opportunity\\narrives, I’ll buckle down and focus. But today I’m going to take it easy.” But\\nworking hard is a habit, developed over time, not a switch that you flip on.\\nFeature films typically shoot twelve-hour days, five or six days in a row, for\\nseveral weeks. The work is physically and mentally demanding. Post-production\\njobs can be even worse. It’s a grind, and if you aren’t prepared it will grind\\nyou right down to nothing! So instead of delaying the hard work until some\\nimaginary future day that might never arrive, start today! That way when\\nyou’re big break comes, you’ll be ready.\\n\\n## 4\\\\. Play nice\\n\\nAs we’ve emphasized, making movies can be an intense, physically and\\nemotionally grueling experience. Creative people can get passionate, angry, or\\ncranky, especially when they feel their art is threatened. But no one wants to\\nwork with an asshole. In an industry that has been notoriously tolerant of\\n“temperamental geniuses,” we are seeing more and more instances of producers\\nand studios deciding that working with abrasive people just isn’t worth it.\\n\\nIt’s much more enjoyable to spend 12 hours a day working with people you like.\\nSo if you want to get hired, be the kind of person who brings a positive\\nattitude and a sense of humor to the set every day. If you are prone to\\nstirring up trouble, provoking confrontations, gossiping, or just going about\\nyour business with a foul attitude, it will cost you work. Everyone has a list\\nof people they call first when a job opens up, and another list of people\\nthey’ll never work with again. You want to be on that first list!\\n\\nIt’s a good lesson to remember as you rise up in the industry. As a producer\\nor director, you might be able to get away with talking down to someone or\\nthrowing a temper tantrum. But each time you do, you risk ending up on\\nsomeone’s “never again” list. It’s a small town with a long memory.\\n\\n## 5\\\\. Get lucky\\n\\nOkay. It’s time for a tough dose of reality: Even if you take all the previous\\nadvice, you still might never become a successful screenwriter, director, or\\nproducer. You might never premiere at Sundance, win an Oscar, or get your\\ndream project made. Knowledge, hard work, and even talent, can’t guarantee\\nsuccess in the film and television industry, or in life in general. At some\\npoint it all comes down to luck.\\n\\nAlmost every Hollywood success story involves an element of chance: being in\\nthe right place at the right time; a random encounter; a million-to-one shot.\\nThere’s no way to predict or replicate good fortune, but knowing your craft,\\nhoning your skills, and being active and well-regarded in the industry will\\nincrease the chances of a lucky break coming your way... and ensure you are\\nprepared to make the most of it when it does!\\n\\n## Do you have tips on breaking into the industry? Click here to leave a\\ncomment!\\n\\n### Related posts:\\n\\nSTAR SEARCH: 5 Things To Remember When Casting Your Film\\n\\nRENAISSANCE DISNEY: We Rewatched Aladdin and It Made Us Better Filmmakers\\n\\nHITTING THE RIGHT NOTES: How to Effectively Implement Feedback\\n\\nORIGINS OF INSPIRATION: 5 Creators and the Films That Inspire Them\\n\\n## Get the Lunacy Newsletter\\n\\nStay updated on our upcoming films, content incubator and more.\\n\\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\\n\\n# 1 Comment\\n\\n 1. \\\\- Seneca on August 6, 2018 at 4:42 pm\\n\\nLuck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity.\\n\\nReply\\n\\n### Submit a Comment Cancel reply\\n\\n#### CATEGORIES\\n\\nWRITING PRODUCING DIRECTING CINEMATOGRAPHY INDIE FILMS WOMEN IN FILM FIVE FOR\\nFILMING\\n\\n#### Recent Posts\\n\\n * LUNACY PRODUCTIONS’ “KEEP YOUR DISTANCE” TO GET A SEVEN-HOUR SNYDER CUT\\n * KEEPING YOUR PRODUCTION SAFE DURING THE PANDEMIC\\n * THE FORMULA: How Filmmaker Tamar Halpern Directs TV Movies in 12 Days\\n * TAX PREP FOR FREELANCE FILMMAKERS: What Are Deductions and How Do I Make the Most of Them?\\n * TAX PREP FOR FREELANCE FILMMAKERS: What Is a Loan-Out Company and Do I Need One?\\n\\n#### Archives\\n\\n * April 2021\\n * December 2020\\n * August 2020\\n * July 2020\\n * April 2020\\n * March 2020\\n * February 2020\\n * January 2020\\n * December 2019\\n * November 2019\\n * October 2019\\n * September 2019\\n * August 2019\\n * July 2019\\n * June 2019\\n * May 2019\\n * April 2019\\n * March 2019\\n * February 2019\\n * January 2019\\n * December 2018\\n * November 2018\\n * October 2018\\n * September 2018\\n * August 2018\\n * July 2018\\n * June 2018\\n * May 2018\\n * April 2018\\n * March 2018\\n * February 2018\\n * January 2018\\n * December 2017\\n * November 2017\\n * October 2017\\n * September 2017\\n\\n#### Tag cloud\\n\\nfinances motivation filmmaking female filmmakers cinematography five for\\nfilming Harris McCabe essay low-budget interview advice sound Indie films film\\ndevelopment documentary indie film communication career advice creativity\\ntelevision etiquette editing screenwriting Director directing women in film\\nproduction tips post-production preparation production independent production\\nfilm Stu Pollard pre-production feedback the business writing meetings Dan\\nLevine collaboration acting development Alexandra Jensen film crew producing\\n\\n * About\\n * Films\\n * Development\\n * Investors\\n * Contact\\n\\nDesigned by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20180717193604/http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Get our Script eNewsletter and receive the latest in screenwriting news and, for a limited time, get a free download of the How to Write a Screenplay workbook!\",\n \"As the creator of the Hollywood Networking Breakfast® and career strategist to folk inside and outside of Hollywood, Sandra Lord offers some valuable face- time networking tips for success.\",\n \"Nothing is more common in Hollywood than extremely talented people who have not achieved success. While there are various and innumerable reasons, lack of access is, unquestionably, one major component. The barriers to entry into the tight-knit entertainment industry are so great, next to having talent, networking is, arguably, the most important skill one must cultivate in a town that thrives on nepotism. Networking is an integral part of how the system works and if one wants to be part of the game, one just has to invest in building relationships and expanding his circle of connections. The old adage “it’s all about who you know” is alive and well in Tinseltown, but more importantly, “who knows you ... and how well” is what gets your foot in the door.\",\n \"The term “networking” sometimes has a negative connotation as it conjures up images of unabashed self-promotion. This inference usually tends to come from people who are not good at networking and condescend as a defense mechanism. Whether they want to admit it or not, everyone networks at some level. One may think that people at the highest echelons do not network, but they do. If you are using your significant credentials to entice a young actor, producer, writer or director to do business with you over dinner, lunch or in a meeting, or you send congratulatory gifts to someone to acknowledge an accomplishment, you are networking.\",\n \"I think of networking as the ability to use ANY opportunity to build rapport and cultivate relationships that could potentially provide inroads or access, and if you’re lucky, even long-term friendships.\",\n \"There is networking and there is effective networking. Too many people network with the wrong attitude, intention and tools, and all of these produce little or no results. If you attend a networking event and no one knows you were there, you have been ineffective. If you focus only on yourself and what you can get from others, you have also failed. Effective networking is about sharing and caring, taking an interest in others, setting the foundation for a welcome follow-up, and creating an opportunity to build rapport.\",\n \"Networking requires commitment. That means if you (seriously) want to generate interest in your talents or services, you have to be actively engaged in doing so. Attend events. If you live in Los Angeles, there is an abundance of industry-related events you can attend, many of which are listed in trade publications like The Hollywood Reporter, Daily Variety, and Backstage West and East. If you live outside L.A., it’s easy to find out what’s going on in your local community simply by getting on the Internet. Distance, however, should not be a factor in the pursuit of your career. Many networking events in major cities, depending on the scope and size, host attendees from all over the region, and sometimes all over the country, as well as overseas. How important is your career to you?\",\n \"Join or participate in online entertainment industry communities, as well as organizations, groups, and professional associations that offer lectures, screenings, courses and, best of all, networking opportunities. Networking in your peer group is essential. Connect and share with those in your writing group, acting class, theatre company, etc. These are the people who will be making strides in the industry and you want to cultivate these relationships now. Lastly, create new opportunities for yourself. Consider starting your own small group for networking purposes as well as to get valuable feedback on your material.\",\n \"I recommend that you get to know as many individuals in Hollywood as possible without using people. Take advantage of opportunities to be of service. The whole idea is to expand your circle of connections, build relationships, and earn trust. Talent on its own will not open doors. The likability factor is crucial. People want to help those whom they like. Now, while they may help you in some way, most will generally not share valuable contacts unless they have developed a relationship with you. So, when nurturing your new relationships with people who can enhance your upward mobility, do not ask for favors. They don’t yet know you and have no reason to go out on a limb. However, when someone makes a recommendation on your behalf, represent him well on all levels because your performance will be a reflection on his judgment.\",\n \"You should also keep in touch with those potential contacts whom you meet at networking events as well as in everyday life. As things happen for you, send an e-mail of your progress or accomplishments—you want people to know that you are doing things. They will be impressed. As you expand your network, be prepared to do lunch/coffee/ drinks and to send little gifts—“thank yous”—as appropriate.\",\n \"You don’t have to be an extrovert to be an effective networker. Granted, it takes a little courage to walk up to strangers, introduce yourself, and start a conversation. If you are shy, the concept can be quite intimidating and sometimes uncomfortable. Therefore, find a friend to go with you for support. DON’T sit talking with your friend for the duration of the event—you could have done that at home. Instead, as soon as you can, wean yourself off and meet people. Ask questions—that prevents you (initially) from talking too much about yourself and engages the other person in conversation. Find common interests and note any interesting tidbits (especially helpful in follow-up calls, e-mails, or thank-you gifts). Networking is something you’ll do over the long haul of your career, so get used to it. Master it.\",\n \"If the people who can hire you or use your services in Hollywood do not know you exist, you need to network! You could be the best writer, producer, director, actor, cinematographer or costumer that ever lived, but if you lack connections and your talent hasn’t yet attracted the attention of people who can open doors for you, you need to network. How often should you network? As often as you can!\",\n \"RELATED POSTS YOUR TV GUIDE to the Do’s and Don’ts of Networking Mixers NAVIGATING HOLLYWOOD: How I Got to Hollywood – Networking 101\",\n \"Script has been the leading source for information on the craft and business of writing for film and television since 1995. With inside information, articles written by working writers and filmmakers, and in-depth interviews, Script is the resource on every scriptwriter's must-read list.\",\n \"The Screenwriting Directory is an online resource with more than 2,500 verified listings for Hollywood industry insiders. Try it for free today.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood - Script\\nMagazine\\n\\n * Script\\n * Writer’s Digest\\n * ScriptXpert Critique\\n * Writers Store\\n * Screenwriters University\\n * Screenwriting Tutorials\\n * WD Conference\\n\\nScript Magazine\\n\\nRegisterLog In\\n\\n### Navigate\\n\\n * Home\\n * How To\\n\\n * How to Write a Screenplay\\n\\n * Identifying Theme, Premise, Plot\\n * Screenplay Structure and Outlining\\n * Screenplay Formatting\\n * Creating Characters\\n * How to Write Dialogue\\n * How to Write Scenes\\n * Screenplay Feedback Notes\\n * Rewriting a Screenplay\\n * Adapting a Book into a Screenplay\\n * Screenplay Genre\\n * How to Write for Television\\n\\n * How to Write Pilots and Spec Scripts\\n * Creating TV Show Bibles\\n * TV Writer’s Room\\n * How to Write a Play\\n * How to Sell a Script and Build a Screenwriting Career\\n\\n * Film Industry News\\n * Independent Films vs. Studio Script Sales\\n * How to Protect Your Screenplays\\n * How to Create Loglines, Queries, One-Sheets\\n * Screenplay Treatments\\n * Entering Screenplay Contests\\n * Getting Screenwriter Representation\\n * Marketing and Branding a Screenwriter\\n * How to Pitch a Screenplay\\n * Tips for Meetings with Executives\\n * Screenwriting Assignments\\n * Screenwriting Partnerships\\n * Using Script Consultants\\n * Networking Tips\\n * How to Make a Movie\\n\\n * Pre-Production Overview\\n * Script Development Tips\\n * Film Financing\\n * Cast and Crew\\n * Film Directing\\n * Scheduling & Budgeting for Films\\n * Film Locations\\n * Post-Production Overview\\n * Film Festival Advice\\n * Marketing a Film\\n * Independent Filmmaking\\n * How to Write Scripts for Multimedia\\n\\n * How to Write a Web Series\\n * Transmedia Storytelling\\n * Comic Books and Graphic Novels\\n * How to Write a Short Film\\n * Interviews\\n\\n * Screenwriting Podcasts\\n * Screenwriter Profiles\\n * Blogs\\n\\n * View All Contributors’ Blogs\\n * Writers on Breaking In\\n * Writers on Writing\\n * Balls of Steel by Jeanne Veillette Bowerman\\n * Breaking & Entering by Barri Evins\\n * Breaking In by Staton Rabin\\n * Dave Trottier AKA Dr. Format\\n * From Script to Screen\\n * Improvising Screenplays by Brett Wean\\n * Legally Speaking, It Depends by Christopher Schiller\\n * Meet the Reader by Ray Morton\\n * Notes from the Margins by Danny Manus\\n * Script Gods Must Die by Paul Peditto\\n * Script Notes by Michael Tabb\\n * The Story Broads\\n * TV Writers’ Room 101 by Eric Haywood\\n * Why Spec Scripts Fail by Stewart Farquhar\\n * Writers on the Verge by Lee Jessup\\n * Writers on the Web by Rebecca Norris\\n * Events\\n\\n * Live Screenwriting Webinars\\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\\n * Screenplay & Screenwriting Contests\\n * Screenwriting Networking Events & Meetups\\n * Film Screenings\\n * Education\\n\\n * Live Webinars\\n * Screenwriting Courses\\n * Screenwriting Video Tutorials\\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\\n * In-Person Events\\n * On-Demand Webinars\\n * Free Downloads\\n * Free Events\\n * Resources\\n\\n * Screenwriting Contests Calendar\\n * FREE Screenwriting Downloads\\n * Screenwriting Coaching and Services\\n\\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Coverage + Development Notes\\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Coverage\\n * Writer’s Digest\\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\\n * Writers Store Competitions\\n * Software\\n\\n * Final Draft 8\\n * Movie Magic 6\\n * Other Software Products\\n * Screenplay & Screenwriting Contests Tips\\n * Writing Routine and Outlook\\n * Screenwriter Discussions\\n * Screenwriting Website of the Week\\n * Script Magazine Archives\\n * Reviews\\n\\n * Scriptwriting Software Reviews\\n * Screenwriting Book and DVD Reviews\\n * Film Reviews\\n * The Writers Store\\n\\n * Final Draft Software\\n * Software\\n * Webinars\\n * ScriptXpert Critque Services\\n\\nGet our Script eNewsletter and receive the latest in screenwriting news and,\\nfor a limited time, get a free download of the How to Write a Screenplay\\nworkbook!\\n\\n# Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood\\n\\nBy: Script Magazine | May 2, 2018\\n\\nAs the creator of the Hollywood Networking Breakfast® and career strategist to\\nfolk inside and outside of Hollywood, Sandra Lord offers some valuable face-\\ntime networking tips for success.\\n\\nClick to tweet this article to your friends and followers!\\n\\nNothing is more common in Hollywood than extremely talented people who have\\nnot achieved success. While there are various and innumerable reasons, lack of\\naccess is, unquestionably, one major component. The barriers to entry into the\\ntight-knit entertainment industry are so great, next to having talent,\\nnetworking is, arguably, the most important skill one must cultivate in a town\\nthat thrives on nepotism. Networking is an integral part of how the system\\nworks and if one wants to be part of the game, one just has to invest in\\nbuilding relationships and expanding his circle of connections. The old adage\\n“it’s all about who you know” is alive and well in Tinseltown, but more\\nimportantly, “who knows you ... and how well” is what gets your foot in the\\ndoor.\\n\\nThe term “networking” sometimes has a negative connotation as it conjures up\\nimages of unabashed self-promotion. This inference usually tends to come from\\npeople who are not good at networking and condescend as a defense mechanism.\\nWhether they want to admit it or not, everyone networks at some level. One may\\nthink that people at the highest echelons do not network, but they do. If you\\nare using your significant credentials to entice a young actor, producer,\\nwriter or director to do business with you over dinner, lunch or in a meeting,\\nor you send congratulatory gifts to someone to acknowledge an accomplishment,\\nyou are networking.\\n\\nDownload FREE Online and Offline Networking Tips Now!\\n\\nI think of networking as the ability to use ANY opportunity to build rapport\\nand cultivate relationships that could potentially provide inroads or access,\\nand if you’re lucky, even long-term friendships.\\n\\nThere is networking and there is effective networking. Too many people network\\nwith the wrong attitude, intention and tools, and all of these produce little\\nor no results. If you attend a networking event and no one knows you were\\nthere, you have been ineffective. If you focus only on yourself and what you\\ncan get from others, you have also failed. Effective networking is about\\nsharing and caring, taking an interest in others, setting the foundation for a\\nwelcome follow-up, and creating an opportunity to build rapport.\\n\\n### Expand Your Circle\\n\\nNetworking requires commitment. That means if you (seriously) want to generate\\ninterest in your talents or services, you have to be actively engaged in doing\\nso. Attend events. If you live in Los Angeles, there is an abundance of\\nindustry-related events you can attend, many of which are listed in trade\\npublications like The Hollywood Reporter, Daily Variety, and Backstage West\\nand East. If you live outside L.A., it’s easy to find out what’s going on in\\nyour local community simply by getting on the Internet. Distance, however,\\nshould not be a factor in the pursuit of your career. Many networking events\\nin major cities, depending on the scope and size, host attendees from all over\\nthe region, and sometimes all over the country, as well as overseas. How\\nimportant is your career to you?\\n\\nJoin or participate in online entertainment industry communities, as well as\\norganizations, groups, and professional associations that offer lectures,\\nscreenings, courses and, best of all, networking opportunities. Networking in\\nyour peer group is essential. Connect and share with those in your writing\\ngroup, acting class, theatre company, etc. These are the people who will be\\nmaking strides in the industry and you want to cultivate these relationships\\nnow. Lastly, create new opportunities for yourself. Consider starting your own\\nsmall group for networking purposes as well as to get valuable feedback on\\nyour material.\\n\\n### Nurture Your Relationships\\n\\nI recommend that you get to know as many individuals in Hollywood as possible\\nwithout using people. Take advantage of opportunities to be of service. The\\nwhole idea is to expand your circle of connections, build relationships, and\\nearn trust. Talent on its own will not open doors. The likability factor is\\ncrucial. People want to help those whom they like. Now, while they may help\\nyou in some way, most will generally not share valuable contacts unless they\\nhave developed a relationship with you. So, when nurturing your new\\nrelationships with people who can enhance your upward mobility, do not ask for\\nfavors. They don’t yet know you and have no reason to go out on a limb.\\nHowever, when someone makes a recommendation on your behalf, represent him\\nwell on all levels because your performance will be a reflection on his\\njudgment.\\n\\nHow to Get Your Screenplay Read Without Asking\\n\\nYou should also keep in touch with those potential contacts whom you meet at\\nnetworking events as well as in everyday life. As things happen for you, send\\nan e-mail of your progress or accomplishments—you want people to know that you\\nare doing things. They will be impressed. As you expand your network, be\\nprepared to do lunch/coffee/ drinks and to send little gifts—“thank yous”—as\\nappropriate.\\n\\n### Build Your Confidence\\n\\nYou don’t have to be an extrovert to be an effective networker. Granted, it\\ntakes a little courage to walk up to strangers, introduce yourself, and start\\na conversation. If you are shy, the concept can be quite intimidating and\\nsometimes uncomfortable. Therefore, find a friend to go with you for support.\\nDON’T sit talking with your friend for the duration of the event—you could\\nhave done that at home. Instead, as soon as you can, wean yourself off and\\nmeet people. Ask questions—that prevents you (initially) from talking too much\\nabout yourself and engages the other person in conversation. Find common\\ninterests and note any interesting tidbits (especially helpful in follow-up\\ncalls, e-mails, or thank-you gifts). Networking is something you’ll do over\\nthe long haul of your career, so get used to it. Master it.\\n\\nIf the people who can hire you or use your services in Hollywood do not know\\nyou exist, you need to network! You could be the best writer, producer,\\ndirector, actor, cinematographer or costumer that ever lived, but if you lack\\nconnections and your talent hasn’t yet attracted the attention of people who\\ncan open doors for you, you need to network. How often should you network? As\\noften as you can!\\n\\nOriginally published in Script magazine July/August 2008\\n\\nMore networking-related articles on Script\\n\\n## Download our On-Demand Webinar from Jacob Krueger on Finding the Right\\nProducer Through the Power of Your Own Social Network\\n\\n### DOWNLOAD NOW!\\n\\nCATEGORIES Business Advice, Networking Tips, Screenwriter Blogs, Screenwriting\\nHow-To Articles\\n\\nTAGS benefits of networking, building a network, networking tips\\n\\nRELATED POSTS YOUR TV GUIDE to the Do’s and Don’ts of Networking Mixers\\nNAVIGATING HOLLYWOOD: How I Got to Hollywood – Networking 101\\n\\n## About Script Magazine\\n\\nScript has been the leading source for information on the craft and business\\nof writing for film and television since 1995. With inside information,\\narticles written by working writers and filmmakers, and in-depth interviews,\\nScript is the resource on every scriptwriter's must-read list.\\n\\nView all posts by Script Magazine →\\n\\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\\n\\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\\n\\n### FREE Screenwriting Downloads\\n\\n * Step-by-Step Guide to High-Concept Ideas\\n * How to Vet a Script Consultant\\n * How to Find a Literary Agent\\n * Creating Short Film Ideas\\n * Proper Screenplay Format Tips\\n * Creating Strong Protagonist\\n * TV Pilot Kit\\n * How to Write a Screenplay Webinar\\n\\n### Screenwriters University Classes\\n\\n### Starting July 19\\n\\nHow To Develop Psychological Backstories For Your Characters\\n\\nPowerful Endings to Hook Your Reader\\n\\nHow to Get Your Script Past Hollywood Gatekeepers\\n\\nTen Weeks to Your Feature Film\\n\\nWriting the Documentary Film\\n\\nWriting Your Drama Pilot in Six Weeks\\n\\n### Weekend Estimates\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nFeatured Links\\n\\nThe Screenwriting Directory is an online resource with more than 2,500\\nverified listings for Hollywood industry insiders. Try it for free today.\\n\\nTake Online Screenwriting Classes with industry professionals at Screenwriters\\nUniversity.\\n\\nAttend a live Online Screenwriting Webinar from the Writers Store and learn\\nfrom top screenwriters, agents, and instructors.\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nAbout Us | Contact Us | Customer Service | Advertise | Screenwriting\\nCompetitions | Screenwriters University | The Writers Store\\n\\n© F+W All Rights Reserved. | Privacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417194215/https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"There are literally thousands of actors in Hollywood trying to “make it.” According to union statistics, approximately 80% of all actors in SAG-AFTRA are out of work at any given time.\",\n \"1. Get a job You need to survive physically and mentally. You must be able to buy food, pay for rent, car and gas expenses, and have the “business of life” taken care of in order to have the freedom to pursue a creative career. No casting director wants to hire a desperate actor. If you come into your audition with the hope that this job will pay for your overdue rent so you won’t get evicted- well, they will see that fear and desperation, and you are not somebody they want to hire.\",\n \"2. Find out what makes you different What do you do that is unique? What makes you special? One director I know said he likes actors with a lot of skills, so that he knows what he can have them do in a scene: play drums, basketball, twirl baton, do impressions, do handstands, etc. Not that you don’t also have to act, but this opens up the potential for casting you in a role–especially for commercials.\",\n \"3. Get an Agent You really do need one. Sometimes a manager can get you initial casting interviews, but it is best to have an agent. (Managers cannot legally negotiate a job.) If you don’t have any or many professional credits, you will probably start with a smaller agency.\",\n \"Sign with one who is reputable (check with SAG) and needs somebody in your category. I always feel it is better to sign with an agent and try them out for 4-6 months, and if you feel they are not helping your career move forward, then try somebody else. It is usually easier to get the second agent, since somebody has already taken a chance on you.\",\n \"4. Don’t wait for your agent to get you a job An agent I know said, “We get 10% of your salary, and you get 90%. So you should do 90% of the work.” Do everything you can to get work through friends, online casting sites, plays, and/or student films. The more you are working for you, the more your agent is willing to work for you.\",\n \"5. Have a great headshot and a great demo reel- update them often These are your number one tools. The headshot gives a casting director their first impression of you- the look, the way you do your hair, even the quality of the photo you have chosen to represent you. In my opinion, if you are going to spend money on your career, spend it on a great headshot. You usually do get what you pay for. The other important tool- your demo reel should be up to date, and have your best work in the first 30 seconds.\",\n \"If you are not getting a lot of responses, change your headshot. A new look might be just the thing to get the interest of a particular casting director.\",\n \"6. Keep skills sharp and develop new skills Go to class. Just like athletes who need to train and keep in shape for competition, actors need to workout and keep their acting muscles in shape. You also need to keep developing skills that make you more castable: dancing, singing, martial arts, playing a musical instrument or a sport. The more you know, the more you can work.\",\n \"7. Work for Free Don’t’ miss an opportunity to work. Many unpaid jobs are rewarded with future jobs and relationships that help you get future work. Work breeds work. And it’s a great ‘free’ acting class.\",\n \"8. Stay healthy You can’t be ready to work if you are unhealthy- that goes for emotional as well as physical health. Work out, do yoga, meditate, stay in good shape. Acting takes physical and mental tolls on you and you need to have stamina for the long haul, mentally and physically. Do activities that help relieve the stress of pursuing an acting career.\",\n \"9. See work that inspires you See as much of other actors’ work as you can. Watch films: contemporary and classical. See plays. Know the work of other actors- see how high the bar is.\",\n \"10. Be prepared Be prepared to perform at any time. Have a couple of great monologues in your back pocket- comedy and drama. (See Denis McCourt’s article, “Oh No! Not Another Article About Audition Monologues”). Always carry pictures and resumes (stapled together) in your car. Have a business card printed with your headshot and contact info in your wallet.\",\n \"11. Don’t be late Ever. Never. To a job or an audition. People don’t like it when you waste their time. The expression in the Industry is “15 minutes early is on time.”\",\n \"12. Don’t complain Don’t complain, nobody is listening. If you want a job that provides security, do something else. Only be in this business because you can’t live NOT being in it.\",\n \"13. Don’t quit Self-explanatory. Don’t quit. Never, ever. There is an old saying “Out of every 3 actors, one will make it. Not because of Talent or Looks, but because the other two give up.” This is very true, but multiply that by thousands. One in every thousand perhaps has the persistence and dedication to keep at it. Just hang in there- the next job is just around the corner. In the meantime, go to class, go take a hike, go learn to play violin. It’s all in the name of Acting.\",\n \"All programs and workshops are solely owned and operated by the New York Film Academy and are not affiliated with Universal Studios or Harvard University.\",\n \"GI Bill^® is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at the official U.S. government website at http://www.benefits.va.gov/gibill.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry\\n\\nREQUEST INFO APPLY\\n\\n1-800-611-FILM | 1-212-674-4300\\n\\nHome »\\n\\n# 13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry\\n\\nPosted on May 28, 2014April 5, 2021 by Helen Kantilaftis\\n\\nAuthor: Lynda Goodfriend, Chair, Acting Department, New York Film Academy Los\\nAngeles\\n\\nThere are literally thousands of actors in Hollywood trying to “make it.”\\nAccording to union statistics, approximately 80% of all actors in SAG-AFTRA\\nare out of work at any given time.\\n\\nSo what do you do while you are waiting to become part of that 20%?\\n\\n1\\\\. Get a job You need to survive physically and mentally. You must be able to\\nbuy food, pay for rent, car and gas expenses, and have the “business of life”\\ntaken care of in order to have the freedom to pursue a creative career. No\\ncasting director wants to hire a desperate actor. If you come into your\\naudition with the hope that this job will pay for your overdue rent so you\\nwon’t get evicted- well, they will see that fear and desperation, and you are\\nnot somebody they want to hire.\\n\\n2\\\\. Find out what makes you different What do you do that is unique? What\\nmakes you special? One director I know said he likes actors with a lot of\\nskills, so that he knows what he can have them do in a scene: play drums,\\nbasketball, twirl baton, do impressions, do handstands, etc. Not that you\\ndon’t also have to act, but this opens up the potential for casting you in a\\nrole–especially for commercials.\\n\\n3\\\\. Get an Agent You really do need one. Sometimes a manager can get you\\ninitial casting interviews, but it is best to have an agent. (Managers cannot\\nlegally negotiate a job.) If you don’t have any or many professional credits,\\nyou will probably start with a smaller agency.\\n\\nSign with one who is reputable (check with SAG) and needs somebody in your\\ncategory. I always feel it is better to sign with an agent and try them out\\nfor 4-6 months, and if you feel they are not helping your career move forward,\\nthen try somebody else. It is usually easier to get the second agent, since\\nsomebody has already taken a chance on you.\\n\\n4\\\\. Don’t wait for your agent to get you a job An agent I know said, “We get\\n10% of your salary, and you get 90%. So you should do 90% of the work.” Do\\neverything you can to get work through friends, online casting sites, plays,\\nand/or student films. The more you are working for you, the more your agent is\\nwilling to work for you.\\n\\n5\\\\. Have a great headshot and a great demo reel- update them often These are\\nyour number one tools. The headshot gives a casting director their first\\nimpression of you- the look, the way you do your hair, even the quality of the\\nphoto you have chosen to represent you. In my opinion, if you are going to\\nspend money on your career, spend it on a great headshot. You usually do get\\nwhat you pay for. The other important tool- your demo reel should be up to\\ndate, and have your best work in the first 30 seconds.\\n\\nIf you are not getting a lot of responses, change your headshot. A new look\\nmight be just the thing to get the interest of a particular casting director.\\n\\n6\\\\. Keep skills sharp and develop new skills Go to class. Just like athletes\\nwho need to train and keep in shape for competition, actors need to workout\\nand keep their acting muscles in shape. You also need to keep developing\\nskills that make you more castable: dancing, singing, martial arts, playing a\\nmusical instrument or a sport. The more you know, the more you can work.\\n\\n7\\\\. Work for Free Don’t’ miss an opportunity to work. Many unpaid jobs are\\nrewarded with future jobs and relationships that help you get future work.\\nWork breeds work. And it’s a great ‘free’ acting class.\\n\\n8\\\\. Stay healthy You can’t be ready to work if you are unhealthy- that goes\\nfor emotional as well as physical health. Work out, do yoga, meditate, stay in\\ngood shape. Acting takes physical and mental tolls on you and you need to have\\nstamina for the long haul, mentally and physically. Do activities that help\\nrelieve the stress of pursuing an acting career.\\n\\n9\\\\. See work that inspires you See as much of other actors’ work as you can.\\nWatch films: contemporary and classical. See plays. Know the work of other\\nactors- see how high the bar is.\\n\\n10\\\\. Be prepared Be prepared to perform at any time. Have a couple of great\\nmonologues in your back pocket- comedy and drama. (See Denis McCourt’s\\narticle, “Oh No! Not Another Article About Audition Monologues”). Always carry\\npictures and resumes (stapled together) in your car. Have a business card\\nprinted with your headshot and contact info in your wallet.\\n\\n11\\\\. Don’t be late Ever. Never. To a job or an audition. People don’t like it\\nwhen you waste their time. The expression in the Industry is “15 minutes early\\nis on time.”\\n\\n12\\\\. Don’t complain Don’t complain, nobody is listening. If you want a job\\nthat provides security, do something else. Only be in this business because\\nyou can’t live NOT being in it.\\n\\n13\\\\. Don’t quit Self-explanatory. Don’t quit. Never, ever. There is an old\\nsaying “Out of every 3 actors, one will make it. Not because of Talent or\\nLooks, but because the other two give up.” This is very true, but multiply\\nthat by thousands. One in every thousand perhaps has the persistence and\\ndedication to keep at it. Just hang in there- the next job is just around the\\ncorner. In the meantime, go to class, go take a hike, go learn to play violin.\\nIt’s all in the name of Acting.\\n\\n13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry by Helen Kantilaftis\\n\\n * Filmmaking\\n\\n# Primary Topics\\n\\n» Acting » Animation » Broadcast Journalism » Cinematography » Digital Editing\\n» Documentary Filmmaking » Filmmaking » Game Design » Graphic Design »\\nIllustration » Musical Theatre » Photography » Producing » Screenwriting »\\nVirtual Reality » ESL Other Topics » Apps » Teens & Kids Camps » Commissions &\\nGuilds » Equipment & Space » Film Festivals » Glossary » Permits\\n\\n# Connect With NYFA\\n\\nBlog| Twitter \\n---|--- \\nFacebook| LinkedIn \\nInstagram| Youtube \\nSnapchat \\n \\n# Request Info\\n\\nHome • Student Services • NYFA Online Store • Jobs • Privacy Policy • Site Map\\n17 Battery Place, New York, NY 10004 United States Copyright © 2019 New York\\nFilm Academy\\n\\nAll programs and workshops are solely owned and operated by the New York Film\\nAcademy and are not affiliated with Universal Studios or Harvard University.\\n\\nGI Bill^® is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs\\n(VA). More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at\\nthe official U.S. government website at http://www.benefits.va.gov/gibill.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":397,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":563302,"string":"563,302"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Make Fluffy Scrambled Eggs"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"To make fluffy scrambled eggs, first crack the eggs directly into an \nunheated saucepan and add about 1 tablespoon of butter. Then, turn \nthe burner heat to high and stir the eggs continuously while they cook. Every \n30 seconds, lift the pan up and hold it off the heat for 10 seconds. \nContinue to do this for 3 minutes or until the eggs are silky and slightly \nrunny. Finally, stir in a few tablespoons of milk or cream. Remove \nthe eggs from the heat before serving. "},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20190522210154/https://www.jamieoliver.com/news-and-features/features/how-to-make-perfect-scrambled-eggs/","http://web.archive.org/web/20160720223808/http://ruhlman.com:80/2013/09/chopping-chives/","http://web.archive.org/web/20211010062237/https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/recipes/scrambled-eggs/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210302152714/http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/how-to/article/best-scrambled-eggs","http://web.archive.org/web/20210506221359/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes","http://web.archive.org/web/20210427034907/https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190522210154/https://www.jamieoliver.com/news-and-features/features/how-to-make-perfect-scrambled-eggs/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160720223808/http://ruhlman.com:80/2013/09/chopping-chives/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211010062237/https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/recipes/scrambled-eggs/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210302152714/http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/how-to/article/best-scrambled-eggs\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506221359/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210427034907/https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":2593,"string":"2,593"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://www.jamieoliver.com/news-and-features/features/how-to-make-perfect-scrambled-eggs/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190522210154/https://www.jamieoliver.com/news-and-features/features/how-to-make-perfect-scrambled-eggs/","parsed_text":{"title":"","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://ruhlman.com:80/2013/09/chopping-chives/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20160720223808/http://ruhlman.com:80/2013/09/chopping-chives/","parsed_text":{"title":"Chopping Chives","passages":["I'm an author and journalist who writes primarily about food and cooking. On this site you'll find cooking techniques, recipes, and opinion on food issues.","When I was working on the Ad Hoc at Home cookbook with Thomas Keller and Dave Cruz, they showed me this excellent method of chopping chives. Wrap a bundle of chives in a damp folded towel and then cut. It solves two problems: you don’t crush them as you can when they rest flat on the board; and you don’t wind up with long strings of half-cut chive where they knife didn’t go all the way through. You end up with PERFECT chives. It’s also cleaner generally. I love this technique.","I thought I was the only one who ended up with those long strings of half-cut chives. They’ve been one of my secret shames for years now. Thanks for the tip!","Yeah, well, it also helps to have sharp knives... Speaking of which; could you do a post on what constitutes a good knife? Not sharpening them or what brand of knife necessarily, but what to look for that makes some knives better than others.","A good way to store leftover delicate herbs too. Wrap the stems in a damp paper towel, keep in the refrigerator.","Let me give a shout out to a cheep brandy manhattan, works wonders, inexpensive, nothing pretentious. Fridays need to come more often!","Thanks for sharing my article about growing herbs. They really are easy to grown and I love being able pick fresh herbs right out my back door.","* #### Michael Ruhlman\ni would think that would smash them. the idea with all herbs is to slice through them, unless youre grinding them"]},"parsed_md":"Chopping Chives | Michael Ruhlman\n\n * About\n * Books\n * Utensils\n * Apps\n * Links\n * FAQ\n * Contact\n\n### Welcome to Ruhlman.com\n\nI'm an author and journalist who writes primarily about food and cooking. On\nthis site you'll find cooking techniques, recipes, and opinion on food issues.\n\n### Notable Posts\n\nMacaroni and Beef with Cheese — Childhood Love\n\nHow To Brine Chicken (Quick Brine Recipe)\n\nCorned Beef: How to Cure Your Own\n\nHow To Make Beef Brisket Pastrami At Home\n\nHome-Cured Bacon\n\nFriday Grilling: Easy Bearnaise Sauce\n\nHow To Prepare and Cook Beef Heart\n\nPan-Fried Chicken Thighs\n\nThe “No Nitrites Added” Hoax\n\nSo You Wanna Be a Chef — by Bourdain\n\n### Interviews & Press\n\nMy Wikipedia page\n\nNew York Times Profile\n\nEgg basics in The Wall Street Journal\n\nEgg on NPR Morning Edition\n\nThe Splendid Table: How To Make Schmaltz\n\nThe Boston Globe reviews Ruhlman's Twenty\n\nPublisher's Weekly reviews Charcuterie\n\nPublisher's weekly review of Walk On Water\n\nAnthony Bourdain reviews Soul of a Chef\n\nNYTimes Book Review reviews Boys Themselves\n\nTweets by @ruhlman\n\n# Chopping Chives\n\nby Michael Ruhlman | September 11, 2013\n\nFreshly chopped chives. Photo by Donna Turner Ruhlman.\n\nWhen I was working on the Ad Hoc at Home cookbook with Thomas Keller and Dave\nCruz, they showed me this excellent method of chopping chives. Wrap a bundle\nof chives in a damp folded towel and then cut. It solves two problems: you\ndon’t crush them as you can when they rest flat on the board; and you don’t\nwind up with long strings of half-cut chive where they knife didn’t go all the\nway through. You end up with PERFECT chives. It’s also cleaner generally. I\nlove this technique.\n\nIf you liked this post, read:\n\n * My past post on drying herbs from your garden.\n * Spillover from the bacon photo: bake some cheddar, bacon, and chive biscuits.\n * Anna Hewitt discusses making container herb gardens for those who lack space or are city dwellers.\n * Making candied herbs shared by blogger Shuna Lydon of Eggbeater.\n\n© 2013 Michael Ruhlman. Photo © 2013 Donna Turner Ruhlman. All rights\nreserved.\n\n### 15 Wonderful responses to “Chopping Chives”\n\n * #### Victoria\n\nMR,\n\nDo you have the ability to sign up for email notification of your posts?\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Derek\n\nI thought I was the only one who ended up with those long strings of half-cut\nchives. They’ve been one of my secret shames for years now. Thanks for the\ntip!\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### clotilde\n\nI was about to write the exact same comment. 🙂\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Susan\n\nYeah, well, it also helps to have sharp knives... Speaking of which; could you\ndo a post on what constitutes a good knife? Not sharpening them or what brand\nof knife necessarily, but what to look for that makes some knives better than\nothers.\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\n\ndeserving of a full post.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Derek\n\nCook’s Illustrated just did an article on what makes a good chef’s knife.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Allen\n\nA good way to store leftover delicate herbs too. Wrap the stems in a damp\npaper towel, keep in the refrigerator.\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Allen\n\nLet me give a shout out to a cheep brandy manhattan, works wonders,\ninexpensive, nothing pretentious. Fridays need to come more often!\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### jonathan@jonathanbrill.com\n\nGreat idea. Thanks! ~ Jonathan\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Anna\n\nThanks for sharing my article about growing herbs. They really are easy to\ngrown and I love being able pick fresh herbs right out my back door.\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Natalie Luffer Sztern\n\nshhh...this is why it is going to be so hard to fast on Yom Kippur...shhhh...\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Liuzhou Laowai\n\nI always cut chives with scissors.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\n\ni would think that would smash them. the idea with all herbs is to slice\nthrough them, unless youre grinding them\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### clotilde\n\nInteresting tip. Do you slide the towel back gradually as you progress along\nthe chive stems?\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\n\nyes.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\nPhotographs by Donna Turner-Ruhlman Photography\n\n© Michael Ruhlman\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/recipes/scrambled-eggs/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211010062237/https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/recipes/scrambled-eggs/","parsed_text":{"title":"Gordon Ramsay Restaurants","passages":["It appears you are using an older browser. This site will function better if you upgrade to the latest version","After 30 seconds, take the pan off the heat. Keep stirring. After about 10 seconds, put back on the heat. Repeat for 3 minutes.","Want to savour these scrambled eggs without the work? Join us for a Bottomless Brunch at Bread Street Kitchen with a side of bottomless bubbles for the perfect weekend.","Thank you for signing up for our e-newsletter, giving you news about the latest happenings, events and offers across the Gordon Ramsay Restaurants."]},"parsed_md":"Scrambled Eggs | Breakfast Recipes | Gordon Ramsay Restaurants\n\n### Item added to basket\n\nView basket\n\nContinue shopping\n\n### Adding item to basket\n\n(skip navigation)\n\nGordon Ramsay Restaurants\n\n * Book a table\n * Buy a gift\n\n### Please upgrade your browser\n\nIt appears you are using an older browser. This site will function better if\nyou upgrade to the latest version\n\n## Scrambled Eggs\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 6 cold eggs\n * 15g butter\n * Salt and pepper\n * Crème fraîche\n * Chives\n\n### Cooking instructions\n\n 1. Crack 6 cold eggs into a deep saucepan.\n 2. Add the butter. For smaller batches, use a 2-to-1 eggs-to-butter ratio.\n 3. Put the pan on high heat.\n 4. Stir continuously with a rubber spatula—don't whisk—making sure to scrape the bottom of the pan.\n 5. After 30 seconds, take the pan off the heat. Keep stirring. After about 10 seconds, put back on the heat. Repeat for 3 minutes.\n 6. In the last minute, season the eggs lightly. For extra creamy texture, stir in 1 tsp of crème fraîche.\n 7. Plate and garnish with chopped chives.\n\nWant to savour these scrambled eggs without the work? 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Click here\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/how-to/article/best-scrambled-eggs","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210302152714/http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/how-to/article/best-scrambled-eggs","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever","passages":["Medium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs. We like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for another 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau","We believe strongly that \"putting an egg on it\" transforms almost anything into a meal. But lately we've turned our attention away from our beloved olive oil-fried egg and toward a soft sunny scramble.","We know what you're thinking: Do I really need a recipe for scrambled eggs? If you just want a plate of scrambled eggs, no. But if you want uniformly golden, soft on the verge of custardy, scrambled eggs, then yes. Yes, you do. Here's how we do it.","1. Kind of goes without saying these days but when it comes to cooking, especially something as simple as scrambled eggs, your final product is only as good as the ingredient(s) you start with. Use the freshest eggs you can find. We're partial to farmers' market eggs with their golden orange yolks, but organic and free range is always your best bet.","2. Whip it good. So good that you combine the whites and yolks for a streak- free scramble. Getting a good amount of air into the mix for ultra light, tender eggs is key. Season the eggs now with a little bit of salt.","3. Know. Your. Stove. We don't have numbers on our dials so we have to carefully adjust for just the right medium-low. That's what you want for these eggs, medium-low to low. You might even have to toggle back and forth to find just the right heat. But better too low than too high. High heat will make for dryer, tougher proteins and lower heat will make for a super soft custardy scramble. Know that and adjust as need be/to your preferences. And for goodness sake, use a non-stick skillet!","4. We use butter for these eggs, you should too. You could use oil, but butter's moisture helps keep these eggs luscious. Plus it tastes good because it's butter, duh.","5. We wanted soft wide folds that you could sink a fork into. For that, use a heat-safe spatula and the right size skillet (we like a 10-inch non-stick for 4 eggs). Once it's melted, add your very well-beaten eggs and let them sit for just a second. This whole process takes about a minute and a half, so a second counts.","6. Use your spatula to push the eggs from one side of the skillet to the other. Push, push, push, in 3 or 4 motions across, then sweep the spatula all the way around the edge of the skillet to create long egg waves.","Continue to do this, tilting the skillet if necessary to spread any uncooked egg over the surface of it, until the eggs are mostly set but seem undercooked (they'll keep cooking between skillet and plate). This shouldn't take longer than 2 minutes if you're using the right heat.","Medium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs. We like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for another 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau","Don't forget to prepare for dismount. Get your plates and forks ready as these eggs will continue to set up as they rest. You may want to hit your eggs with a little more salt and pepper once they're plated or try one of our savory suggestions we have going on below:","Feta and Za’atar Stir 2 Tbsp. crumbled feta and 1⁄4 tsp. za'atar into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more za'atar just before serving.","Parmesan and Basil Stir 2 Tbsp. grated Parmesan and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh basil into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more basil just before serving.","Soy and Scallion Add 1⁄2 tsp. soy sauce to eggs before whipping. Stir 2 trimmed, thinly sliced scallions into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt just before serving.","Cream Cheese and Chives Stir 1 Tbsp. cream cheese and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh chives into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and more chives just before serving.","Hot Cheddar Stir 2 Tbsp. grated cheddar into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and hot sauce just before serving.","© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"]},"parsed_md":"How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever | Bon Appétit\n\nSkip to main content\n\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories.\n\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, then View saved stories.\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes\n * Healthyish\n * Basically\n * Restaurants\n * Highly Recommend\n * Podcast\n * Videos\n * Shop\n\ntechniques\n\n# How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever\n\nThese scrambled eggs are super soft and just a little runny, aka exactly how\nthey should be.\n\nBy Bon Appétit\n\nSeptember 4, 2017\n\nMedium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs.\nWe like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for\nanother 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\n\nWe believe strongly that \"putting an egg on it\" transforms almost anything\ninto a meal. But lately we've turned our attention away from our beloved olive\noil-fried egg and toward a soft sunny scramble.\n\nWe know what you're thinking: Do I really need a recipe for scrambled eggs? If\nyou just want a plate of scrambled eggs, no. But if you want uniformly golden,\nsoft on the verge of custardy, scrambled eggs, then yes. Yes, you do. Here's\nhow we do it.\n\n## The Technique\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\n1\\. Kind of goes without saying these days but when it comes to cooking,\nespecially something as simple as scrambled eggs, your final product is only\nas good as the ingredient(s) you start with. Use the freshest eggs you can\nfind. We're partial to farmers' market eggs with their golden orange yolks,\nbut organic and free range is always your best bet.\n\n2\\. Whip it good. So good that you combine the whites and yolks for a streak-\nfree scramble. Getting a good amount of air into the mix for ultra light,\ntender eggs is key. Season the eggs now with a little bit of salt.\n\n3\\. Know. Your. Stove. We don't have numbers on our dials so we have to\ncarefully adjust for just the right medium-low. That's what you want for these\neggs, medium-low to low. You might even have to toggle back and forth to find\njust the right heat. But better too low than too high. High heat will make for\ndryer, tougher proteins and lower heat will make for a super soft custardy\nscramble. Know that and adjust as need be/to your preferences. And for\ngoodness sake, use a non-stick skillet!\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\nAdvertisement\n\n4\\. We use butter for these eggs, you should too. You could use oil, but\nbutter's moisture helps keep these eggs luscious. Plus it tastes good because\nit's butter, duh.\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\n5\\. We wanted soft wide folds that you could sink a fork into. For that, use a\nheat-safe spatula and the right size skillet (we like a 10-inch non-stick for\n4 eggs). Once it's melted, add your very well-beaten eggs and let them sit for\njust a second. This whole process takes about a minute and a half, so a second\ncounts.\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\n6\\. Use your spatula to push the eggs from one side of the skillet to the\nother. Push, push, push, in 3 or 4 motions across, then sweep the spatula all\nthe way around the edge of the skillet to create long egg waves.\n\nContinue to do this, tilting the skillet if necessary to spread any uncooked\negg over the surface of it, until the eggs are mostly set but seem undercooked\n(they'll keep cooking between skillet and plate). This shouldn't take longer\nthan 2 minutes if you're using the right heat.\n\nMedium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs.\nWe like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for\nanother 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\n\nAdvertisement\n\nDon't forget to prepare for dismount. Get your plates and forks ready as these\neggs will continue to set up as they rest. You may want to hit your eggs with\na little more salt and pepper once they're plated or try one of our savory\nsuggestions we have going on below:\n\nFeta and Za’atar Stir 2 Tbsp. crumbled feta and 1⁄4 tsp. za'atar into eggs\nhalfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more za'atar just\nbefore serving.\n\nParmesan and Basil Stir 2 Tbsp. grated Parmesan and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped\nfresh basil into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt\nand more basil just before serving.\n\nSoy and Scallion Add 1⁄2 tsp. soy sauce to eggs before whipping. Stir 2\ntrimmed, thinly sliced scallions into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle\nwith flaky sea salt just before serving.\n\nCream Cheese and Chives Stir 1 Tbsp. cream cheese and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped\nfresh chives into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and\nmore chives just before serving.\n\nHot Cheddar Stir 2 Tbsp. grated cheddar into eggs halfway through cooking. Top\nwith flaky sea salt and hot sauce just before serving.\n\n## Get the recipe: BA's Best Soft Scrambled Eggs\n\nExplore Bon AppétitEggScrambled EggsBasically\n\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\nrecommendations you trust.\n\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Your California Privacy Rights.\nBon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased\nthrough our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The\nmaterial on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached\nor otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad\nChoices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506221359/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes","parsed_text":{"title":"Tips for Fluffier, Better Scrambled Eggs - Bon Appétit","passages":["Making scrambled eggs isn't exactly rocket science—but our test kitchen has outlined a few surprising ways you might be getting it wrong.","For many young cooks, a pan of scrambled eggs is the first dish they master. But after we crack those first few eggs, it's probably a technique we don't think about very often. In fact, for most of us, a batch of scrambled eggs is the ultimate culinary autopilot: Just crack, break apart with whatever kitchen implement is nearest, toss in some cheese, and pile on toast. But stop right there, scramblers! Our test kitchen has outlined a few necessary tips that will take your eggs from spongy, dry, and serviceable to fluffy, creamy, soft, and dreamy. After all, as Claire Saffitz, associate food editor, says: \"Scrambled eggs are easy to make, but difficult to do well.\"","Saffitz, digital food editor Dawn Perry, and test kitchen contributor Jessie Damuck all agree: This is a job for your trusty nonstick skillet. Sure, we love our cast-irons, but unless they're really, really (reeeeally) well- seasoned, the eggs will stick to the bottom and sides. That means fewer eggs for you, and more scrubbing and scraping when it comes time for cleanup. Perry also advises us to use the right-sized pan for the job: For 2-4 eggs, a small pan will do. For a 6+ scramble, choose a large pan with plenty of surface area.","\"The better quality eggs, the better your scramble will be,\" says Damuck. When you're using good quality eggs, you don't need much else to make them shine. The test kitchen prefers to scramble without the addition of cream or milk, although Saffitz does cop to folding in a few knobs of butter toward the end of the cooking process (\"For really luxurious eggs,\" she says). As for what fat to cook the eggs in? Perry uses olive oil and butter interchangeably, although the test kitchen does agree: If you're up for indulging, butter makes it better.","There's no way around it: You're going to have to dirty another dish. Crack the eggs into a bowl, and break apart the yolks with a whisk before beating them well to combine. Cracking the eggs directly into the pan and using a spoon or spatula will result in a streaky, not-soft scramble.","A silicone or heat-proof spatula is the ideal tool for this job. A wooden spoon will work in a pinch, but it's just not as good at getting into the seam where the sides of the pan meet the bottom. Don't use a metal spatula, which could scrape and scratch the nonstick coating.","Preheat the pan over medium heat, but don't get too crazy with the flame when it comes time to actually cook the eggs. \"Scrambled eggs should be cooked slowly, over medium-low heat,\" explains Perry. \"A good scramble takes a minute!\" Go hotter, and you'll have overly dry eggs. Worried they're cooking up too fast? Simple. Just remove the pan from the flame as you continue to stir the eggs. Which brings us to our next tip...","Scrambled egg-eaters fall into one of two camps: big curd lovers, and small curd enthusiasts. For large, creamy curds, use a sweeping motion with the spatula, covering as much surface area as possible as you cook the eggs. For a smaller, finer curd, use small, rapid circles. Saffitz even knows some chefs who vigorously whisk eggs in the pan for a mousse-like texture.","Remove your eggs from the stovetop before they're finished cooking. They should still look loose and a bit runny. (If you prefer eating custardy eggs rather than well-cooked ones, remove them when they look very loose, and the curds have just begun to set.) As Perry reminds us, \"Eggs are a protein, and like all proteins, they will continue to cook after you remove them from the heat.\" If you're serving them at the table, consider transferring them to a serving platter—that hot skillet will do nothing but continue to cook the eggs.","Who doesn't love cheesy scrambled eggs? They key here is to use shredded or crumbled cheese, so it melts quickly—and don't add it until after you remove it from the heat, when the eggs are almost finished cooking. Some of our favorites? Soft goat cheese, feta, and cheddar. Fresh herbs make a world of difference, provided you choose the right ones. Go for tender herbs, like parsley, chervil, tarragon, dill, and chives, and sprinkle them on just before digging in. And you'll notice we didn't say a word about seasoning until now. Saffitz prefers to season with salt and black pepper (lots of black pepper) at the very end of the cooking process. Otherwise, salt draws out moisture from the eggs and could render them dry.","© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"]},"parsed_md":"Tips for Fluffier, Better Scrambled Eggs - Bon Appétit | Bon Appétit\n\nSkip to main content\n\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, thenView saved stories.\n\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, thenView saved stories\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes\n * Healthyish\n * Basically\n * Restaurants\n * Highly Recommend\n * Podcast\n * Videos\n * Shop\n\ntechniques\n\n# Common Mistakes to Avoid and Tips to Follow for the Best Scrambled Eggs Ever\n\nMaking scrambled eggs isn't exactly rocket science—but our test kitchen has\noutlined a few surprising ways you might be getting it wrong.\n\nBy Rochelle Bilow\n\nFebruary 11, 2015\n\nChristina Holmes\n\nFor many young cooks, a pan of scrambled eggs is the first dish they master.\nBut after we crack those first few eggs, it's probably a technique we don't\nthink about very often. In fact, for most of us, a batch of scrambled eggs is\nthe ultimate culinary autopilot: Just crack, break apart with whatever kitchen\nimplement is nearest, toss in some cheese, and pile on toast. But stop right\nthere, scramblers! Our test kitchen has outlined a few necessary tips that\nwill take your eggs from spongy, dry, and serviceable to fluffy, creamy, soft,\nand dreamy. After all, as Claire Saffitz, associate food editor, says:\n\"Scrambled eggs are easy to make, but difficult to do well.\"\n\n1\\. Embrace the Nonstick Pan\n\nSaffitz, digital food editor Dawn Perry, and test kitchen contributor Jessie\nDamuck all agree: This is a job for your trusty nonstick skillet. Sure, we\nlove our cast-irons, but unless they're really, really (reeeeally) well-\nseasoned, the eggs will stick to the bottom and sides. That means fewer eggs\nfor you, and more scrubbing and scraping when it comes time for cleanup. Perry\nalso advises us to use the right-sized pan for the job: For 2-4 eggs, a small\npan will do. For a 6+ scramble, choose a large pan with plenty of surface\narea.\n\n2\\. Skip the Milk and Cream\n\n\"The better quality eggs, the better your scramble will be,\" says Damuck. When\nyou're using good quality eggs, you don't need much else to make them shine.\nThe test kitchen prefers to scramble without the addition of cream or milk,\nalthough Saffitz does cop to folding in a few knobs of butter toward the end\nof the cooking process (\"For really luxurious eggs,\" she says). As for what\nfat to cook the eggs in? Perry uses olive oil and butter interchangeably,\nalthough the test kitchen does agree: If you're up for indulging, butter makes\nit better.\n\nScrambled Eggs, Avocado, and Smoke Salmon, on Toast. Photo: Ditte Isager\n\n3\\. Don't Crack the Eggs into the Pan\n\nThere's no way around it: You're going to have to dirty another dish. Crack\nthe eggs into a bowl, and break apart the yolks with a whisk before beating\nthem well to combine. Cracking the eggs directly into the pan and using a\nspoon or spatula will result in a streaky, not-soft scramble.\n\n4\\. A Silicone Spatula is Best\n\nA silicone or heat-proof spatula is the ideal tool for this job. A wooden\nspoon will work in a pinch, but it's just not as good at getting into the seam\nwhere the sides of the pan meet the bottom. Don't use a metal spatula, which\ncould scrape and scratch the nonstick coating.\n\n5\\. Cook 'Em Low and Slow\n\nPreheat the pan over medium heat, but don't get too crazy with the flame when\nit comes time to actually cook the eggs. \"Scrambled eggs should be cooked\nslowly, over medium-low heat,\" explains Perry. \"A good scramble takes a\nminute!\" Go hotter, and you'll have overly dry eggs. Worried they're cooking\nup too fast? Simple. Just remove the pan from the flame as you continue to\nstir the eggs. Which brings us to our next tip...\n\nSoft Scrambled Eggs with Fresh Ricotta and Chives. Photo: Lisa Hubbard\n\n6\\. Know Your Curds, and Do the Right Moves\n\nScrambled egg-eaters fall into one of two camps: big curd lovers, and small\ncurd enthusiasts. For large, creamy curds, use a sweeping motion with the\nspatula, covering as much surface area as possible as you cook the eggs. For a\nsmaller, finer curd, use small, rapid circles. Saffitz even knows some chefs\nwho vigorously whisk eggs in the pan for a mousse-like texture.\n\n7\\. Account for Carryover Cooking\n\nRemove your eggs from the stovetop before they're finished cooking. They\nshould still look loose and a bit runny. (If you prefer eating custardy eggs\nrather than well-cooked ones, remove them when they look very loose, and the\ncurds have just begun to set.) As Perry reminds us, \"Eggs are a protein, and\nlike all proteins, they will continue to cook after you remove them from the\nheat.\" If you're serving them at the table, consider transferring them to a\nserving platter—that hot skillet will do nothing but continue to cook the\neggs.\n\n8\\. Don't Forget the Add-Ins\n\nWho doesn't love cheesy scrambled eggs? They key here is to use shredded or\ncrumbled cheese, so it melts quickly—and don't add it until after you remove\nit from the heat, when the eggs are almost finished cooking. Some of our\nfavorites? Soft goat cheese, feta, and cheddar. Fresh herbs make a world of\ndifference, provided you choose the right ones. Go for tender herbs, like\nparsley, chervil, tarragon, dill, and chives, and sprinkle them on just before\ndigging in. And you'll notice we didn't say a word about seasoning until now.\nSaffitz prefers to season with salt and black pepper (lots of black pepper) at\nthe very end of the cooking process. Otherwise, salt draws out moisture from\nthe eggs and could render them dry.\n\nThese Scrambled Eggs with Spinach and Parmesan are equally great at breakfast\nand dinner.\n\nNow, how about some deviled eggs to go with your scrambled eggs?\n\nExplore Bon AppétitCommon MistakesEggScrambled Eggs\n\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\nrecommendations you trust.\n\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and\nYour California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from\nproducts that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate\nPartnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced,\ndistributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior\nwritten permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210427034907/https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way","passages":["My girlfriend, Kate, and I have an ongoing disagreement about scrambled eggs. She's in the crack-'em-into-a-hot-pan-and-stir-until-well-done camp, which produces firm eggs that have visible striations of white and yolk. Influenced by my days as a professional cook, I belong to the soft-scrambled-or-bust party. Ultimately, there's no right or wrong—in the world of scrambled eggs, it's all about your personal preference.*","Ha, that's just the BS that I tell her to keep the peace. We all know soft-scrambled eggs are the only way to go. Also, anyone have a couch I can sleep on tonight?","Before I go any further, I want to acknowledge one thing. Yes, I realize that writing an article on how to scramble eggs treads dangerously close to \"How to Boil Water\" territory. It's such a fundamentally simple dish that an explanation almost seems absurd.","And yet there are some finer points worth describing when it comes to scrambled eggs, and even a misconception or two worth dispelling. So, with that in mind, here's what you need to know when scrambling eggs, whether you want them American-diner-style or as silky as you find them in the fanciest restaurants.","The results of our test of pre-salting eggs, with the longest duration at left and progressively shorter durations moving to the right. Pre-salting made little to no difference; if anything, it produced moister, more tender eggs. [Photograph: Robyn Lee]","Perhaps the biggest thing some people get wrong about scrambled eggs is when to add the salt. There's a common belief that salting the eggs in advance of cooking makes them watery or tough—some folks even refuse to add salt until after the eggs have cooked. It's easy to see why: Add salt to beaten eggs and let them sit for even a few minutes, and the eggs turn a darker shade of orange, become slightly translucent, and appear to be thinner than before. It appears that the salt is doing undesirable things to the eggs.","But after testing this, Kenji and I both found that pre-salting is beneficial, helping the eggs retain their moisture and tenderness. The reason is that salt acts as a buffer between the proteins in the eggs, preventing them from linking as tightly as they otherwise would during cooking. The tighter they link, the more water they push out and the tougher they become, so this buffering property of salt helps to mitigate some of that.","The overall effect is fairly minor, so I wouldn't say that it's worth going to the trouble of pre-salting your eggs hours in advance, but at least you don't need to worry. Add salt whenever you want, since it won't hurt a thing.","Next up is deciding whether to add any liquids to the eggs. It's pretty common to add a splash of milk or cream to the beaten eggs before scrambling, so I thought it would be fun to test it out.","To do it, I made several batches of three beaten large eggs each, with different amounts and types of liquid: one, two, and three tablespoons of water; one, two, and three tablespoons of whole milk; and one, two, and three tablespoons of cream. I seasoned each with 1% salt by weight, added half a tablespoon of butter to each, and also prepared a control batch that had just the beaten eggs, butter, and salt, with no liquid added. To control for the inevitable variations in cooking that would occur if I made each batch in a skillet, I cooked all of these eggs sous vide at 167°F (75°C) for 20 minutes, massaging the bags throughout to scramble the eggs.","What I found basically corresponds to expectations: As the volume of added liquid in the eggs goes up, the eggs themselves become softer and moister. At the same time, as the fat content of the liquid goes up, the eggs become richer and firmer. So, three tablespoons of cream per three eggs will be firmer than eggs made with three tablespoons of water, but both batches will be softer and moister than eggs made with one tablespoon of either cream or water.","The batches made with cream, to my taste, were a little too rich and custardy, especially at the higher volume levels. Water, as would be expected, added moisture and lightness without flavor, which wasn't exactly appealing. (Stock or dashi, however, would be interesting additions, producing something not too different from chawan mushi, the Japanese custard with dashi.)","The control batch, meanwhile, was the densest, bordering on rubbery. Ultimately, my preference was for whole milk, with a ratio of two tablespoons per three large eggs. This yielded moist, light eggs that were just rich enough, without going overboard.","That said, when you scramble eggs in a skillet, you have a tremendous amount of control over both moisture level and texture depending on the technique you use. While my sous vide control batch of plain eggs wasn't my favorite, it's possible to get a very different result with those same plain eggs in a skillet. The key is in how you apply heat to them, and how you agitate them as they cook.","One risk of adding liquid to eggs that's worth mentioning: There's a greater chance that water will be squeezed out as the eggs cook, especially if you like them well done. An analogous effect is the weeping and pitting that can happen when a custard is overcooked—loaded with cream (which is mostly water), a custard can break and weep if exposed to too much heat. The same can happen with scrambled eggs.","Overall, I'd consider liquid add-ins a way to modify the texture, flavor, and moisture level of the eggs, though they're much less important than the cooking method itself.","So now we get to the most important decision when scrambling eggs: the scrambling technique itself. There are endless possible variations, but I'm going to break it down into three overarching groups: very soft and loose eggs with barely perceptible curds (i.e., fancy-French-restaurant scrambled eggs); soft-scrambled eggs with small, delicate curds; and dry, fluffy eggs with large curds.","Two factors determine which of the three types you'll end up with: your method of agitation and how hot the pan is. Let's take a closer look at each type of scrambled eggs.","These are the scrambled eggs made famous by the chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten, and the trick to making them yourself is using incredibly low heat and a whisk.","Then set it over very low heat (you can also use a double boiler, but it's not required), and cook the eggs, whisking gently the entire time.","The goal of the constant whisking is to break up the curds as soon as they form; the whisk's multiple wires help with this, slicing through the eggs over and over as they cook. If done properly, it's a slow, boring process, at times leaving you to wonder if the eggs are cooking at all.","The whisking has another effect: It makes the eggs less fluffy. The fluffiness in scrambled eggs (and also soufflés) comes from the expansion of heated gas and water vapor that's trapped in bubbles within the eggs. Through whisking, those bubbles are repeatedly broken and disturbed, allowing the gas and water vapor to escape. The low heat of this method also reduces fluffiness, since the eggs never get hot enough for the gas and water vapor to expand the way they would under high heat.","Eventually, the eggs thicken to a custardy texture with tiny curds. They're not just spoonable; they're actually still pourable—the overall effect is very luxurious, though, I have to admit, this isn't a style of scrambled eggs I'd want to eat in large doses, or on a plate, like in the photo below. This is the kind of scrambled egg that's better suited to being delicately spooned in small dollops onto toasts, then topped with things like caviar or lobster.","This is my favorite way of scrambling eggs. It's similar to the fancy French eggs above, but not quite as extreme.","Once again, we work over low heat, though it's okay if it's a little more intense than the barely-there heat of the French eggs. And, once again, we stir constantly, or at least very, very frequently. We still want to break up the curds as they form to prevent them from becoming big and fluffy, but we don't need to pulverize them quite as much as in the fancy French version.","I start in a cold nonstick skillet, just to prevent the eggs from seizing up the way they do when they hit a hot pan. Then I set them over medium-low or medium heat and stir, using a silicone spatula. The wider surface area of the skillet allows curds to form more quickly than they would in a saucepan, which is fine in this case. The spatula, meanwhile, is friendly on the nonstick surface, and breaks up the curds more gradually, allowing them to become slightly bigger.","It's important to take the eggs off the heat a little before they reach the desired doneness level, since they will continue to cook from residual heat, especially while still in the hot pan. If you take them off the heat and find after several seconds of stirring that they're still not where you want them, you can always pop the pan back on the heat for a few seconds to nudge them in the right direction.","While I go with the method above, a lot of people like their eggs cooked a little harder, with big, fluffy, diner-style curds. If this is your chosen scramble, start by melting butter in a nonstick skillet. Medium-high to high heat is our best bet here.","Once again, we scramble with a silicone spatula, though this time it's okay if we don't break the curds up as much. Big, fluffy sheets should start forming pretty quickly on the bottom of the pan.","The eggs come out drier (though hopefully not dry), with curds that don't necessarily all stick together. They should be fluffy, with a springy bite. Add ketchup if you must.","For the most part, we want to add anything solid near the end, just before the eggs are done. That way, the add-ins can be incorporated and warm up or melt without interfering with the eggs. Vegetables that release water, like mushrooms, should be fully cooked first, so that they've already released their water before going into the eggs. (If you don't want the color of your add-in to affect your eggs, remove 'em from the pan for a minute while you get the eggs cooked.) With raw tomato, such as in Tex-Mex migas, your best bet is to pre-salt the diced tomato to draw out as much water as possible before adding it to the eggs.","All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.","Daniel cooked for years in some of New York's top American, Italian and French restaurants - starting at the age of 13, when he began staging at the legendary restaurant Chanterelle. He spent nearly a year working on organic farms in Europe, where he harvested almonds and Padron peppers in Spain, shepherded a flock of more than 200 sheep in Italy, and made charcuterie in France. When not working on, thinking about, cooking and eating food, he blows off steam (and calories) as an instructor of capoeira, the Afro-Brazilian martial art.","Post whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We reserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on our Terms of Use page."]},"parsed_md":"Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way | Serious Eats\n\n * Scrambled Eggs\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n * Cooking Techniques\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n * Eggs\n * Scrambled Eggs\n\n * Recipes\n * Meal\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\n# Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way\n\nDaniel Gritzer\n\n65 Printer-Friendly Version\n\nPublished: May 14, 2015 Last Updated: November 1, 2019\n\n[Photographs: Vicky Wasik, unless otherwise noted. Video: Serious Eats Video]\n\n### Get the Recipes\n\n * Fluffy Scrambled Eggs\n * Soft-Scrambled Eggs\n * French-Style Soft, Spoonable Scrambled Eggs\n\nMy girlfriend, Kate, and I have an ongoing disagreement about scrambled eggs.\nShe's in the crack-'em-into-a-hot-pan-and-stir-until-well-done camp, which\nproduces firm eggs that have visible striations of white and yolk. Influenced\nby my days as a professional cook, I belong to the soft-scrambled-or-bust\nparty. Ultimately, there's no right or wrong—in the world of scrambled eggs,\nit's all about your personal preference.*\n\n* Ha, that's just the BS that I tell her to keep the peace. We all know soft-scrambled eggs are the only way to go. Also, anyone have a couch I can sleep on tonight?\n\nBefore I go any further, I want to acknowledge one thing. Yes, I realize that\nwriting an article on how to scramble eggs treads dangerously close to \"How to\nBoil Water\" territory. It's such a fundamentally simple dish that an\nexplanation almost seems absurd.\n\nAnd yet there are some finer points worth describing when it comes to\nscrambled eggs, and even a misconception or two worth dispelling. So, with\nthat in mind, here's what you need to know when scrambling eggs, whether you\nwant them American-diner-style or as silky as you find them in the fanciest\nrestaurants.\n\n### Let's Start With the Big Myth: Pre-Salting\n\nThe results of our test of pre-salting eggs, with the longest duration at left\nand progressively shorter durations moving to the right. Pre-salting made\nlittle to no difference; if anything, it produced moister, more tender eggs.\n[Photograph: Robyn Lee]\n\nPerhaps the biggest thing some people get wrong about scrambled eggs is when\nto add the salt. There's a common belief that salting the eggs in advance of\ncooking makes them watery or tough—some folks even refuse to add salt until\nafter the eggs have cooked. It's easy to see why: Add salt to beaten eggs and\nlet them sit for even a few minutes, and the eggs turn a darker shade of\norange, become slightly translucent, and appear to be thinner than before. It\nappears that the salt is doing undesirable things to the eggs.\n\nBut after testing this, Kenji and I both found that pre-salting is beneficial,\nhelping the eggs retain their moisture and tenderness. The reason is that salt\nacts as a buffer between the proteins in the eggs, preventing them from\nlinking as tightly as they otherwise would during cooking. The tighter they\nlink, the more water they push out and the tougher they become, so this\nbuffering property of salt helps to mitigate some of that.\n\nThe overall effect is fairly minor, so I wouldn't say that it's worth going to\nthe trouble of pre-salting your eggs hours in advance, but at least you don't\nneed to worry. Add salt whenever you want, since it won't hurt a thing.\n\n### Milk, Cream, and Other Liquid Add-Ins\n\nNext up is deciding whether to add any liquids to the eggs. It's pretty common\nto add a splash of milk or cream to the beaten eggs before scrambling, so I\nthought it would be fun to test it out.\n\nTo do it, I made several batches of three beaten large eggs each, with\ndifferent amounts and types of liquid: one, two, and three tablespoons of\nwater; one, two, and three tablespoons of whole milk; and one, two, and three\ntablespoons of cream. I seasoned each with 1% salt by weight, added half a\ntablespoon of butter to each, and also prepared a control batch that had just\nthe beaten eggs, butter, and salt, with no liquid added. To control for the\ninevitable variations in cooking that would occur if I made each batch in a\nskillet, I cooked all of these eggs sous vide at 167°F (75°C) for 20 minutes,\nmassaging the bags throughout to scramble the eggs.\n\nWhat I found basically corresponds to expectations: As the volume of added\nliquid in the eggs goes up, the eggs themselves become softer and moister. At\nthe same time, as the fat content of the liquid goes up, the eggs become\nricher and firmer. So, three tablespoons of cream per three eggs will be\nfirmer than eggs made with three tablespoons of water, but both batches will\nbe softer and moister than eggs made with one tablespoon of either cream or\nwater.\n\nThe batches made with cream, to my taste, were a little too rich and custardy,\nespecially at the higher volume levels. Water, as would be expected, added\nmoisture and lightness without flavor, which wasn't exactly appealing. (Stock\nor dashi, however, would be interesting additions, producing something not too\ndifferent from chawan mushi, the Japanese custard with dashi.)\n\nThe control batch, meanwhile, was the densest, bordering on rubbery.\nUltimately, my preference was for whole milk, with a ratio of two tablespoons\nper three large eggs. This yielded moist, light eggs that were just rich\nenough, without going overboard.\n\nThat said, when you scramble eggs in a skillet, you have a tremendous amount\nof control over both moisture level and texture depending on the technique you\nuse. While my sous vide control batch of plain eggs wasn't my favorite, it's\npossible to get a very different result with those same plain eggs in a\nskillet. The key is in how you apply heat to them, and how you agitate them as\nthey cook.\n\nOne risk of adding liquid to eggs that's worth mentioning: There's a greater\nchance that water will be squeezed out as the eggs cook, especially if you\nlike them well done. An analogous effect is the weeping and pitting that can\nhappen when a custard is overcooked—loaded with cream (which is mostly water),\na custard can break and weep if exposed to too much heat. The same can happen\nwith scrambled eggs.\n\nOverall, I'd consider liquid add-ins a way to modify the texture, flavor, and\nmoisture level of the eggs, though they're much less important than the\ncooking method itself.\n\n### Heat and Agitation\n\nSo now we get to the most important decision when scrambling eggs: the\nscrambling technique itself. There are endless possible variations, but I'm\ngoing to break it down into three overarching groups: very soft and loose eggs\nwith barely perceptible curds (i.e., fancy-French-restaurant scrambled eggs);\nsoft-scrambled eggs with small, delicate curds; and dry, fluffy eggs with\nlarge curds.\n\nTwo factors determine which of the three types you'll end up with: your method\nof agitation and how hot the pan is. Let's take a closer look at each type of\nscrambled eggs.\n\n#### Fancy, Spoonable French Eggs\n\nThese are the scrambled eggs made famous by the chef Jean-Georges\nVongerichten, and the trick to making them yourself is using incredibly low\nheat and a whisk.\n\nStart by adding the beaten eggs and a pat of butter to a cold saucepan.\n\nThen set it over very low heat (you can also use a double boiler, but it's not\nrequired), and cook the eggs, whisking gently the entire time.\n\nThe goal of the constant whisking is to break up the curds as soon as they\nform; the whisk's multiple wires help with this, slicing through the eggs over\nand over as they cook. If done properly, it's a slow, boring process, at times\nleaving you to wonder if the eggs are cooking at all.\n\nThe whisking has another effect: It makes the eggs less fluffy. The fluffiness\nin scrambled eggs (and also soufflés) comes from the expansion of heated gas\nand water vapor that's trapped in bubbles within the eggs. Through whisking,\nthose bubbles are repeatedly broken and disturbed, allowing the gas and water\nvapor to escape. The low heat of this method also reduces fluffiness, since\nthe eggs never get hot enough for the gas and water vapor to expand the way\nthey would under high heat.\n\nEventually, the eggs thicken to a custardy texture with tiny curds. They're\nnot just spoonable; they're actually still pourable—the overall effect is very\nluxurious, though, I have to admit, this isn't a style of scrambled eggs I'd\nwant to eat in large doses, or on a plate, like in the photo below. This is\nthe kind of scrambled egg that's better suited to being delicately spooned in\nsmall dollops onto toasts, then topped with things like caviar or lobster.\n\n#### Soft-Scrambled Eggs\n\nThis is my favorite way of scrambling eggs. It's similar to the fancy French\neggs above, but not quite as extreme.\n\nOnce again, we work over low heat, though it's okay if it's a little more\nintense than the barely-there heat of the French eggs. And, once again, we\nstir constantly, or at least very, very frequently. We still want to break up\nthe curds as they form to prevent them from becoming big and fluffy, but we\ndon't need to pulverize them quite as much as in the fancy French version.\n\nI start in a cold nonstick skillet, just to prevent the eggs from seizing up\nthe way they do when they hit a hot pan. Then I set them over medium-low or\nmedium heat and stir, using a silicone spatula. The wider surface area of the\nskillet allows curds to form more quickly than they would in a saucepan, which\nis fine in this case. The spatula, meanwhile, is friendly on the nonstick\nsurface, and breaks up the curds more gradually, allowing them to become\nslightly bigger.\n\nPretty quickly, these eggs will start to set.\n\nIt's important to take the eggs off the heat a little before they reach the\ndesired doneness level, since they will continue to cook from residual heat,\nespecially while still in the hot pan. If you take them off the heat and find\nafter several seconds of stirring that they're still not where you want them,\nyou can always pop the pan back on the heat for a few seconds to nudge them in\nthe right direction.\n\nThe resulting eggs are creamy and moist, but not wet or runny.\n\n#### Fluffy Eggs\n\nWhile I go with the method above, a lot of people like their eggs cooked a\nlittle harder, with big, fluffy, diner-style curds. If this is your chosen\nscramble, start by melting butter in a nonstick skillet. Medium-high to high\nheat is our best bet here.\n\nOnce the butter is hot and foamy, we're ready to roll.\n\nIn go the eggs.\n\nOnce again, we scramble with a silicone spatula, though this time it's okay if\nwe don't break the curds up as much. Big, fluffy sheets should start forming\npretty quickly on the bottom of the pan.\n\nWe just keep cooking, stirring those curds, until the last traces of wetness\ndisappear.\n\nThe eggs come out drier (though hopefully not dry), with curds that don't\nnecessarily all stick together. They should be fluffy, with a springy bite.\nAdd ketchup if you must.\n\n### Herbs, Vegetables, and Solid Add-Ins\n\nOnce you've mastered your ideal scrambled eggs, you may start to wonder about\nadding cheese, herbs, or vegetables.\n\nFor the most part, we want to add anything solid near the end, just before the\neggs are done. That way, the add-ins can be incorporated and warm up or melt\nwithout interfering with the eggs. Vegetables that release water, like\nmushrooms, should be fully cooked first, so that they've already released\ntheir water before going into the eggs. (If you don't want the color of your\nadd-in to affect your eggs, remove 'em from the pan for a minute while you get\nthe eggs cooked.) With raw tomato, such as in Tex-Mex migas, your best bet is\nto pre-salt the diced tomato to draw out as much water as possible before\nadding it to the eggs.\n\nNow go ahead: Make my egg.\n\n### Get the Recipes\n\n * #### Fluffy Scrambled Eggs\n\nView Recipe »\n\n * #### Soft-Scrambled Eggs\n\nView Recipe »\n\n * #### French-Style Soft, Spoonable Scrambled Eggs\n\nView Recipe »\n\nAll products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We\nmay earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\n\nDaniel Gritzer Culinary Director\n\n * Profile\n * Twitter\n * Contact\n\nDaniel cooked for years in some of New York's top American, Italian and French\nrestaurants - starting at the age of 13, when he began staging at the\nlegendary restaurant Chanterelle. He spent nearly a year working on organic\nfarms in Europe, where he harvested almonds and Padron peppers in Spain,\nshepherded a flock of more than 200 sheep in Italy, and made charcuterie in\nFrance. When not working on, thinking about, cooking and eating food, he blows\noff steam (and calories) as an instructor of capoeira, the Afro-Brazilian\nmartial art.\n\n65 Printer-Friendly Version\n\n###### Tags\n\n * breakfast\n * egg\n * essential\n * how-to\n * technique\n\nGuide to\n\nEggs\n\n * Scrambled Eggs\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n * Cooking Techniques\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n * Eggs\n * Scrambled Eggs\n\n * Recipes\n * Meal\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\nSign In or Register\n\nShow 65 Comments\n\n##### Comments\n\n### Hello Eater!\n\nWant to comment? Sign In or Register\n\n##### ADD A COMMENT\n\n##### PREVIEW YOUR COMMENT\n\n##### HTML Hints\n\nSome HTML is OK: link, strong, em\n\n##### Comment Guidelines\n\nPost whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We\nreserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. 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Please sign in.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.jamieoliver.com/news-and-features/features/how-to-make-perfect-scrambled-eggs/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190522210154/https://www.jamieoliver.com/news-and-features/features/how-to-make-perfect-scrambled-eggs/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://ruhlman.com:80/2013/09/chopping-chives/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20160720223808/http://ruhlman.com:80/2013/09/chopping-chives/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Chopping Chives\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"I'm an author and journalist who writes primarily about food and cooking. On this site you'll find cooking techniques, recipes, and opinion on food issues.\",\n \"When I was working on the Ad Hoc at Home cookbook with Thomas Keller and Dave Cruz, they showed me this excellent method of chopping chives. Wrap a bundle of chives in a damp folded towel and then cut. It solves two problems: you don’t crush them as you can when they rest flat on the board; and you don’t wind up with long strings of half-cut chive where they knife didn’t go all the way through. You end up with PERFECT chives. It’s also cleaner generally. I love this technique.\",\n \"I thought I was the only one who ended up with those long strings of half-cut chives. They’ve been one of my secret shames for years now. Thanks for the tip!\",\n \"Yeah, well, it also helps to have sharp knives... Speaking of which; could you do a post on what constitutes a good knife? Not sharpening them or what brand of knife necessarily, but what to look for that makes some knives better than others.\",\n \"A good way to store leftover delicate herbs too. Wrap the stems in a damp paper towel, keep in the refrigerator.\",\n \"Let me give a shout out to a cheep brandy manhattan, works wonders, inexpensive, nothing pretentious. Fridays need to come more often!\",\n \"Thanks for sharing my article about growing herbs. They really are easy to grown and I love being able pick fresh herbs right out my back door.\",\n \"* #### Michael Ruhlman\\ni would think that would smash them. the idea with all herbs is to slice through them, unless youre grinding them\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Chopping Chives | Michael Ruhlman\\n\\n * About\\n * Books\\n * Utensils\\n * Apps\\n * Links\\n * FAQ\\n * Contact\\n\\n### Welcome to Ruhlman.com\\n\\nI'm an author and journalist who writes primarily about food and cooking. On\\nthis site you'll find cooking techniques, recipes, and opinion on food issues.\\n\\n### Notable Posts\\n\\nMacaroni and Beef with Cheese — Childhood Love\\n\\nHow To Brine Chicken (Quick Brine Recipe)\\n\\nCorned Beef: How to Cure Your Own\\n\\nHow To Make Beef Brisket Pastrami At Home\\n\\nHome-Cured Bacon\\n\\nFriday Grilling: Easy Bearnaise Sauce\\n\\nHow To Prepare and Cook Beef Heart\\n\\nPan-Fried Chicken Thighs\\n\\nThe “No Nitrites Added” Hoax\\n\\nSo You Wanna Be a Chef — by Bourdain\\n\\n### Interviews & Press\\n\\nMy Wikipedia page\\n\\nNew York Times Profile\\n\\nEgg basics in The Wall Street Journal\\n\\nEgg on NPR Morning Edition\\n\\nThe Splendid Table: How To Make Schmaltz\\n\\nThe Boston Globe reviews Ruhlman's Twenty\\n\\nPublisher's Weekly reviews Charcuterie\\n\\nPublisher's weekly review of Walk On Water\\n\\nAnthony Bourdain reviews Soul of a Chef\\n\\nNYTimes Book Review reviews Boys Themselves\\n\\nTweets by @ruhlman\\n\\n# Chopping Chives\\n\\nby Michael Ruhlman | September 11, 2013\\n\\nFreshly chopped chives. Photo by Donna Turner Ruhlman.\\n\\nWhen I was working on the Ad Hoc at Home cookbook with Thomas Keller and Dave\\nCruz, they showed me this excellent method of chopping chives. Wrap a bundle\\nof chives in a damp folded towel and then cut. It solves two problems: you\\ndon’t crush them as you can when they rest flat on the board; and you don’t\\nwind up with long strings of half-cut chive where they knife didn’t go all the\\nway through. You end up with PERFECT chives. It’s also cleaner generally. I\\nlove this technique.\\n\\nIf you liked this post, read:\\n\\n * My past post on drying herbs from your garden.\\n * Spillover from the bacon photo: bake some cheddar, bacon, and chive biscuits.\\n * Anna Hewitt discusses making container herb gardens for those who lack space or are city dwellers.\\n * Making candied herbs shared by blogger Shuna Lydon of Eggbeater.\\n\\n© 2013 Michael Ruhlman. Photo © 2013 Donna Turner Ruhlman. All rights\\nreserved.\\n\\n### 15 Wonderful responses to “Chopping Chives”\\n\\n * #### Victoria\\n\\nMR,\\n\\nDo you have the ability to sign up for email notification of your posts?\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Derek\\n\\nI thought I was the only one who ended up with those long strings of half-cut\\nchives. They’ve been one of my secret shames for years now. Thanks for the\\ntip!\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### clotilde\\n\\nI was about to write the exact same comment. 🙂\\n\\nSeptember 12th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Susan\\n\\nYeah, well, it also helps to have sharp knives... Speaking of which; could you\\ndo a post on what constitutes a good knife? Not sharpening them or what brand\\nof knife necessarily, but what to look for that makes some knives better than\\nothers.\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\\n\\ndeserving of a full post.\\n\\nSeptember 12th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Derek\\n\\nCook’s Illustrated just did an article on what makes a good chef’s knife.\\n\\nSeptember 12th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Allen\\n\\nA good way to store leftover delicate herbs too. Wrap the stems in a damp\\npaper towel, keep in the refrigerator.\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Allen\\n\\nLet me give a shout out to a cheep brandy manhattan, works wonders,\\ninexpensive, nothing pretentious. Fridays need to come more often!\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### jonathan@jonathanbrill.com\\n\\nGreat idea. Thanks! ~ Jonathan\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Anna\\n\\nThanks for sharing my article about growing herbs. They really are easy to\\ngrown and I love being able pick fresh herbs right out my back door.\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Natalie Luffer Sztern\\n\\nshhh...this is why it is going to be so hard to fast on Yom Kippur...shhhh...\\n\\nSeptember 11th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Liuzhou Laowai\\n\\nI always cut chives with scissors.\\n\\nSeptember 12th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\\n\\ni would think that would smash them. the idea with all herbs is to slice\\nthrough them, unless youre grinding them\\n\\nSeptember 12th, 2013\\n\\n * #### clotilde\\n\\nInteresting tip. Do you slide the towel back gradually as you progress along\\nthe chive stems?\\n\\nSeptember 12th, 2013\\n\\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\\n\\nyes.\\n\\nSeptember 12th, 2013\\n\\nPhotographs by Donna Turner-Ruhlman Photography\\n\\n© Michael Ruhlman\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/recipes/scrambled-eggs/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211010062237/https://www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com/recipes/scrambled-eggs/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Gordon Ramsay Restaurants\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"It appears you are using an older browser. This site will function better if you upgrade to the latest version\",\n \"After 30 seconds, take the pan off the heat. Keep stirring. After about 10 seconds, put back on the heat. Repeat for 3 minutes.\",\n \"Want to savour these scrambled eggs without the work? Join us for a Bottomless Brunch at Bread Street Kitchen with a side of bottomless bubbles for the perfect weekend.\",\n \"Thank you for signing up for our e-newsletter, giving you news about the latest happenings, events and offers across the Gordon Ramsay Restaurants.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Scrambled Eggs | Breakfast Recipes | Gordon Ramsay Restaurants\\n\\n### Item added to basket\\n\\nView basket\\n\\nContinue shopping\\n\\n### Adding item to basket\\n\\n(skip navigation)\\n\\nGordon Ramsay Restaurants\\n\\n * Book a table\\n * Buy a gift\\n\\n### Please upgrade your browser\\n\\nIt appears you are using an older browser. This site will function better if\\nyou upgrade to the latest version\\n\\n## Scrambled Eggs\\n\\n### Ingredients\\n\\n * 6 cold eggs\\n * 15g butter\\n * Salt and pepper\\n * Crème fraîche\\n * Chives\\n\\n### Cooking instructions\\n\\n 1. Crack 6 cold eggs into a deep saucepan.\\n 2. Add the butter. For smaller batches, use a 2-to-1 eggs-to-butter ratio.\\n 3. Put the pan on high heat.\\n 4. Stir continuously with a rubber spatula—don't whisk—making sure to scrape the bottom of the pan.\\n 5. After 30 seconds, take the pan off the heat. Keep stirring. After about 10 seconds, put back on the heat. Repeat for 3 minutes.\\n 6. In the last minute, season the eggs lightly. For extra creamy texture, stir in 1 tsp of crème fraîche.\\n 7. Plate and garnish with chopped chives.\\n\\nWant to savour these scrambled eggs without the work? Join us for a Bottomless\\nBrunch at Bread Street Kitchen with a side of bottomless bubbles for the\\nperfect weekend.\\n\\nBack\\n\\nNext\\n\\n### Category Filters\\n\\n * Autumn (38)\\n * BBQ (12)\\n * Beef (23)\\n * Breakfast (16)\\n * Chicken (9)\\n * Chocolate (16)\\n * Christmas (50)\\n * Comfort Food (33)\\n * Dessert (55)\\n * Drinks (69)\\n * Duck (1)\\n * Easter (23)\\n * Egg (8)\\n * Fish (25)\\n * Fit Food (8)\\n * Game (1)\\n * Kids (15)\\n * Lamb (5)\\n * Mother's Day (22)\\n * Pancake Day (8)\\n * Pasta (11)\\n * Pie (3)\\n * Pork (10)\\n * Roasts (31)\\n * Salads (16)\\n * Seafood (13)\\n * Store Cupboard Staples (21)\\n * Summer (65)\\n * Thanksgiving (15)\\n * Truffle (16)\\n * Valentine's Day (11)\\n * Vegan (26)\\n * Vegetarian (61)\\n * Wellington (9)\\n * View all recipes\\n\\nBack to Top\\n\\nNewsletter sign up\\n\\n## Thank you\\n\\nThank you for signing up for our e-newsletter, giving you news about the\\nlatest happenings, events and offers across the Gordon Ramsay Restaurants.\\n\\n * Contact\\n * Covid-19\\n * Disclaimer\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Cookie Policy\\n * Terms & Conditions\\n\\nGordon Ramsay Restaurants ©Copyright 2021 www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com\\n\\nInterested in Gordon Ramsay? Click here\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/how-to/article/best-scrambled-eggs\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210302152714/http://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/how-to/article/best-scrambled-eggs\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Medium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs. We like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for another 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\",\n \"We believe strongly that \\\"putting an egg on it\\\" transforms almost anything into a meal. But lately we've turned our attention away from our beloved olive oil-fried egg and toward a soft sunny scramble.\",\n \"We know what you're thinking: Do I really need a recipe for scrambled eggs? If you just want a plate of scrambled eggs, no. But if you want uniformly golden, soft on the verge of custardy, scrambled eggs, then yes. Yes, you do. Here's how we do it.\",\n \"1. Kind of goes without saying these days but when it comes to cooking, especially something as simple as scrambled eggs, your final product is only as good as the ingredient(s) you start with. Use the freshest eggs you can find. We're partial to farmers' market eggs with their golden orange yolks, but organic and free range is always your best bet.\",\n \"2. Whip it good. So good that you combine the whites and yolks for a streak- free scramble. Getting a good amount of air into the mix for ultra light, tender eggs is key. Season the eggs now with a little bit of salt.\",\n \"3. Know. Your. Stove. We don't have numbers on our dials so we have to carefully adjust for just the right medium-low. That's what you want for these eggs, medium-low to low. You might even have to toggle back and forth to find just the right heat. But better too low than too high. High heat will make for dryer, tougher proteins and lower heat will make for a super soft custardy scramble. Know that and adjust as need be/to your preferences. And for goodness sake, use a non-stick skillet!\",\n \"4. We use butter for these eggs, you should too. You could use oil, but butter's moisture helps keep these eggs luscious. Plus it tastes good because it's butter, duh.\",\n \"5. We wanted soft wide folds that you could sink a fork into. For that, use a heat-safe spatula and the right size skillet (we like a 10-inch non-stick for 4 eggs). Once it's melted, add your very well-beaten eggs and let them sit for just a second. This whole process takes about a minute and a half, so a second counts.\",\n \"6. Use your spatula to push the eggs from one side of the skillet to the other. Push, push, push, in 3 or 4 motions across, then sweep the spatula all the way around the edge of the skillet to create long egg waves.\",\n \"Continue to do this, tilting the skillet if necessary to spread any uncooked egg over the surface of it, until the eggs are mostly set but seem undercooked (they'll keep cooking between skillet and plate). This shouldn't take longer than 2 minutes if you're using the right heat.\",\n \"Medium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs. We like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for another 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\",\n \"Don't forget to prepare for dismount. Get your plates and forks ready as these eggs will continue to set up as they rest. You may want to hit your eggs with a little more salt and pepper once they're plated or try one of our savory suggestions we have going on below:\",\n \"Feta and Za’atar Stir 2 Tbsp. crumbled feta and 1⁄4 tsp. za'atar into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more za'atar just before serving.\",\n \"Parmesan and Basil Stir 2 Tbsp. grated Parmesan and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh basil into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more basil just before serving.\",\n \"Soy and Scallion Add 1⁄2 tsp. soy sauce to eggs before whipping. Stir 2 trimmed, thinly sliced scallions into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt just before serving.\",\n \"Cream Cheese and Chives Stir 1 Tbsp. cream cheese and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh chives into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and more chives just before serving.\",\n \"Hot Cheddar Stir 2 Tbsp. grated cheddar into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and hot sauce just before serving.\",\n \"© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever | Bon Appétit\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories.\\n\\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, then View saved stories.\\n\\nSign In\\n\\nSearch\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Healthyish\\n * Basically\\n * Restaurants\\n * Highly Recommend\\n * Podcast\\n * Videos\\n * Shop\\n\\ntechniques\\n\\n# How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever\\n\\nThese scrambled eggs are super soft and just a little runny, aka exactly how\\nthey should be.\\n\\nBy Bon Appétit\\n\\nSeptember 4, 2017\\n\\nMedium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs.\\nWe like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for\\nanother 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\\n\\nWe believe strongly that \\\"putting an egg on it\\\" transforms almost anything\\ninto a meal. But lately we've turned our attention away from our beloved olive\\noil-fried egg and toward a soft sunny scramble.\\n\\nWe know what you're thinking: Do I really need a recipe for scrambled eggs? If\\nyou just want a plate of scrambled eggs, no. But if you want uniformly golden,\\nsoft on the verge of custardy, scrambled eggs, then yes. Yes, you do. Here's\\nhow we do it.\\n\\n## The Technique\\n\\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\\n\\n1\\\\. Kind of goes without saying these days but when it comes to cooking,\\nespecially something as simple as scrambled eggs, your final product is only\\nas good as the ingredient(s) you start with. Use the freshest eggs you can\\nfind. We're partial to farmers' market eggs with their golden orange yolks,\\nbut organic and free range is always your best bet.\\n\\n2\\\\. Whip it good. So good that you combine the whites and yolks for a streak-\\nfree scramble. Getting a good amount of air into the mix for ultra light,\\ntender eggs is key. Season the eggs now with a little bit of salt.\\n\\n3\\\\. Know. Your. Stove. We don't have numbers on our dials so we have to\\ncarefully adjust for just the right medium-low. That's what you want for these\\neggs, medium-low to low. You might even have to toggle back and forth to find\\njust the right heat. But better too low than too high. High heat will make for\\ndryer, tougher proteins and lower heat will make for a super soft custardy\\nscramble. Know that and adjust as need be/to your preferences. And for\\ngoodness sake, use a non-stick skillet!\\n\\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\n4\\\\. We use butter for these eggs, you should too. You could use oil, but\\nbutter's moisture helps keep these eggs luscious. Plus it tastes good because\\nit's butter, duh.\\n\\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\\n\\n5\\\\. We wanted soft wide folds that you could sink a fork into. For that, use a\\nheat-safe spatula and the right size skillet (we like a 10-inch non-stick for\\n4 eggs). Once it's melted, add your very well-beaten eggs and let them sit for\\njust a second. This whole process takes about a minute and a half, so a second\\ncounts.\\n\\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\\n\\n6\\\\. Use your spatula to push the eggs from one side of the skillet to the\\nother. Push, push, push, in 3 or 4 motions across, then sweep the spatula all\\nthe way around the edge of the skillet to create long egg waves.\\n\\nContinue to do this, tilting the skillet if necessary to spread any uncooked\\negg over the surface of it, until the eggs are mostly set but seem undercooked\\n(they'll keep cooking between skillet and plate). This shouldn't take longer\\nthan 2 minutes if you're using the right heat.\\n\\nMedium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs.\\nWe like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for\\nanother 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\\n\\nAdvertisement\\n\\nDon't forget to prepare for dismount. Get your plates and forks ready as these\\neggs will continue to set up as they rest. You may want to hit your eggs with\\na little more salt and pepper once they're plated or try one of our savory\\nsuggestions we have going on below:\\n\\nFeta and Za’atar Stir 2 Tbsp. crumbled feta and 1⁄4 tsp. za'atar into eggs\\nhalfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more za'atar just\\nbefore serving.\\n\\nParmesan and Basil Stir 2 Tbsp. grated Parmesan and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped\\nfresh basil into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt\\nand more basil just before serving.\\n\\nSoy and Scallion Add 1⁄2 tsp. soy sauce to eggs before whipping. Stir 2\\ntrimmed, thinly sliced scallions into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle\\nwith flaky sea salt just before serving.\\n\\nCream Cheese and Chives Stir 1 Tbsp. cream cheese and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped\\nfresh chives into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and\\nmore chives just before serving.\\n\\nHot Cheddar Stir 2 Tbsp. grated cheddar into eggs halfway through cooking. Top\\nwith flaky sea salt and hot sauce just before serving.\\n\\n## Get the recipe: BA's Best Soft Scrambled Eggs\\n\\nExplore Bon AppétitEggScrambled EggsBasically\\n\\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\\nrecommendations you trust.\\n\\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Privacy Policy and\\nCookie Statement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Your California Privacy Rights.\\nBon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased\\nthrough our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The\\nmaterial on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached\\nor otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad\\nChoices\\n\\nFood Innovation Group\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506221359/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Tips for Fluffier, Better Scrambled Eggs - Bon Appétit\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Making scrambled eggs isn't exactly rocket science—but our test kitchen has outlined a few surprising ways you might be getting it wrong.\",\n \"For many young cooks, a pan of scrambled eggs is the first dish they master. But after we crack those first few eggs, it's probably a technique we don't think about very often. In fact, for most of us, a batch of scrambled eggs is the ultimate culinary autopilot: Just crack, break apart with whatever kitchen implement is nearest, toss in some cheese, and pile on toast. But stop right there, scramblers! Our test kitchen has outlined a few necessary tips that will take your eggs from spongy, dry, and serviceable to fluffy, creamy, soft, and dreamy. After all, as Claire Saffitz, associate food editor, says: \\\"Scrambled eggs are easy to make, but difficult to do well.\\\"\",\n \"Saffitz, digital food editor Dawn Perry, and test kitchen contributor Jessie Damuck all agree: This is a job for your trusty nonstick skillet. Sure, we love our cast-irons, but unless they're really, really (reeeeally) well- seasoned, the eggs will stick to the bottom and sides. That means fewer eggs for you, and more scrubbing and scraping when it comes time for cleanup. Perry also advises us to use the right-sized pan for the job: For 2-4 eggs, a small pan will do. For a 6+ scramble, choose a large pan with plenty of surface area.\",\n \"\\\"The better quality eggs, the better your scramble will be,\\\" says Damuck. When you're using good quality eggs, you don't need much else to make them shine. The test kitchen prefers to scramble without the addition of cream or milk, although Saffitz does cop to folding in a few knobs of butter toward the end of the cooking process (\\\"For really luxurious eggs,\\\" she says). As for what fat to cook the eggs in? Perry uses olive oil and butter interchangeably, although the test kitchen does agree: If you're up for indulging, butter makes it better.\",\n \"There's no way around it: You're going to have to dirty another dish. Crack the eggs into a bowl, and break apart the yolks with a whisk before beating them well to combine. Cracking the eggs directly into the pan and using a spoon or spatula will result in a streaky, not-soft scramble.\",\n \"A silicone or heat-proof spatula is the ideal tool for this job. A wooden spoon will work in a pinch, but it's just not as good at getting into the seam where the sides of the pan meet the bottom. Don't use a metal spatula, which could scrape and scratch the nonstick coating.\",\n \"Preheat the pan over medium heat, but don't get too crazy with the flame when it comes time to actually cook the eggs. \\\"Scrambled eggs should be cooked slowly, over medium-low heat,\\\" explains Perry. \\\"A good scramble takes a minute!\\\" Go hotter, and you'll have overly dry eggs. Worried they're cooking up too fast? Simple. Just remove the pan from the flame as you continue to stir the eggs. Which brings us to our next tip...\",\n \"Scrambled egg-eaters fall into one of two camps: big curd lovers, and small curd enthusiasts. For large, creamy curds, use a sweeping motion with the spatula, covering as much surface area as possible as you cook the eggs. For a smaller, finer curd, use small, rapid circles. Saffitz even knows some chefs who vigorously whisk eggs in the pan for a mousse-like texture.\",\n \"Remove your eggs from the stovetop before they're finished cooking. They should still look loose and a bit runny. (If you prefer eating custardy eggs rather than well-cooked ones, remove them when they look very loose, and the curds have just begun to set.) As Perry reminds us, \\\"Eggs are a protein, and like all proteins, they will continue to cook after you remove them from the heat.\\\" If you're serving them at the table, consider transferring them to a serving platter—that hot skillet will do nothing but continue to cook the eggs.\",\n \"Who doesn't love cheesy scrambled eggs? They key here is to use shredded or crumbled cheese, so it melts quickly—and don't add it until after you remove it from the heat, when the eggs are almost finished cooking. Some of our favorites? Soft goat cheese, feta, and cheddar. Fresh herbs make a world of difference, provided you choose the right ones. Go for tender herbs, like parsley, chervil, tarragon, dill, and chives, and sprinkle them on just before digging in. And you'll notice we didn't say a word about seasoning until now. Saffitz prefers to season with salt and black pepper (lots of black pepper) at the very end of the cooking process. Otherwise, salt draws out moisture from the eggs and could render them dry.\",\n \"© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Tips for Fluffier, Better Scrambled Eggs - Bon Appétit | Bon Appétit\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, thenView saved stories.\\n\\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, thenView saved stories\\n\\nSign In\\n\\nSearch\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Healthyish\\n * Basically\\n * Restaurants\\n * Highly Recommend\\n * Podcast\\n * Videos\\n * Shop\\n\\ntechniques\\n\\n# Common Mistakes to Avoid and Tips to Follow for the Best Scrambled Eggs Ever\\n\\nMaking scrambled eggs isn't exactly rocket science—but our test kitchen has\\noutlined a few surprising ways you might be getting it wrong.\\n\\nBy Rochelle Bilow\\n\\nFebruary 11, 2015\\n\\nChristina Holmes\\n\\nFor many young cooks, a pan of scrambled eggs is the first dish they master.\\nBut after we crack those first few eggs, it's probably a technique we don't\\nthink about very often. In fact, for most of us, a batch of scrambled eggs is\\nthe ultimate culinary autopilot: Just crack, break apart with whatever kitchen\\nimplement is nearest, toss in some cheese, and pile on toast. But stop right\\nthere, scramblers! Our test kitchen has outlined a few necessary tips that\\nwill take your eggs from spongy, dry, and serviceable to fluffy, creamy, soft,\\nand dreamy. After all, as Claire Saffitz, associate food editor, says:\\n\\\"Scrambled eggs are easy to make, but difficult to do well.\\\"\\n\\n1\\\\. Embrace the Nonstick Pan\\n\\nSaffitz, digital food editor Dawn Perry, and test kitchen contributor Jessie\\nDamuck all agree: This is a job for your trusty nonstick skillet. Sure, we\\nlove our cast-irons, but unless they're really, really (reeeeally) well-\\nseasoned, the eggs will stick to the bottom and sides. That means fewer eggs\\nfor you, and more scrubbing and scraping when it comes time for cleanup. Perry\\nalso advises us to use the right-sized pan for the job: For 2-4 eggs, a small\\npan will do. For a 6+ scramble, choose a large pan with plenty of surface\\narea.\\n\\n2\\\\. Skip the Milk and Cream\\n\\n\\\"The better quality eggs, the better your scramble will be,\\\" says Damuck. When\\nyou're using good quality eggs, you don't need much else to make them shine.\\nThe test kitchen prefers to scramble without the addition of cream or milk,\\nalthough Saffitz does cop to folding in a few knobs of butter toward the end\\nof the cooking process (\\\"For really luxurious eggs,\\\" she says). As for what\\nfat to cook the eggs in? Perry uses olive oil and butter interchangeably,\\nalthough the test kitchen does agree: If you're up for indulging, butter makes\\nit better.\\n\\nScrambled Eggs, Avocado, and Smoke Salmon, on Toast. Photo: Ditte Isager\\n\\n3\\\\. Don't Crack the Eggs into the Pan\\n\\nThere's no way around it: You're going to have to dirty another dish. Crack\\nthe eggs into a bowl, and break apart the yolks with a whisk before beating\\nthem well to combine. Cracking the eggs directly into the pan and using a\\nspoon or spatula will result in a streaky, not-soft scramble.\\n\\n4\\\\. A Silicone Spatula is Best\\n\\nA silicone or heat-proof spatula is the ideal tool for this job. A wooden\\nspoon will work in a pinch, but it's just not as good at getting into the seam\\nwhere the sides of the pan meet the bottom. Don't use a metal spatula, which\\ncould scrape and scratch the nonstick coating.\\n\\n5\\\\. Cook 'Em Low and Slow\\n\\nPreheat the pan over medium heat, but don't get too crazy with the flame when\\nit comes time to actually cook the eggs. \\\"Scrambled eggs should be cooked\\nslowly, over medium-low heat,\\\" explains Perry. \\\"A good scramble takes a\\nminute!\\\" Go hotter, and you'll have overly dry eggs. Worried they're cooking\\nup too fast? Simple. Just remove the pan from the flame as you continue to\\nstir the eggs. Which brings us to our next tip...\\n\\nSoft Scrambled Eggs with Fresh Ricotta and Chives. Photo: Lisa Hubbard\\n\\n6\\\\. Know Your Curds, and Do the Right Moves\\n\\nScrambled egg-eaters fall into one of two camps: big curd lovers, and small\\ncurd enthusiasts. For large, creamy curds, use a sweeping motion with the\\nspatula, covering as much surface area as possible as you cook the eggs. For a\\nsmaller, finer curd, use small, rapid circles. Saffitz even knows some chefs\\nwho vigorously whisk eggs in the pan for a mousse-like texture.\\n\\n7\\\\. Account for Carryover Cooking\\n\\nRemove your eggs from the stovetop before they're finished cooking. They\\nshould still look loose and a bit runny. (If you prefer eating custardy eggs\\nrather than well-cooked ones, remove them when they look very loose, and the\\ncurds have just begun to set.) As Perry reminds us, \\\"Eggs are a protein, and\\nlike all proteins, they will continue to cook after you remove them from the\\nheat.\\\" If you're serving them at the table, consider transferring them to a\\nserving platter—that hot skillet will do nothing but continue to cook the\\neggs.\\n\\n8\\\\. Don't Forget the Add-Ins\\n\\nWho doesn't love cheesy scrambled eggs? They key here is to use shredded or\\ncrumbled cheese, so it melts quickly—and don't add it until after you remove\\nit from the heat, when the eggs are almost finished cooking. Some of our\\nfavorites? Soft goat cheese, feta, and cheddar. Fresh herbs make a world of\\ndifference, provided you choose the right ones. Go for tender herbs, like\\nparsley, chervil, tarragon, dill, and chives, and sprinkle them on just before\\ndigging in. And you'll notice we didn't say a word about seasoning until now.\\nSaffitz prefers to season with salt and black pepper (lots of black pepper) at\\nthe very end of the cooking process. Otherwise, salt draws out moisture from\\nthe eggs and could render them dry.\\n\\nThese Scrambled Eggs with Spinach and Parmesan are equally great at breakfast\\nand dinner.\\n\\nNow, how about some deviled eggs to go with your scrambled eggs?\\n\\nExplore Bon AppétitCommon MistakesEggScrambled Eggs\\n\\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\\nrecommendations you trust.\\n\\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\\nacceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and\\nYour California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from\\nproducts that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate\\nPartnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced,\\ndistributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior\\nwritten permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\\n\\nFood Innovation Group\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210427034907/https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"My girlfriend, Kate, and I have an ongoing disagreement about scrambled eggs. She's in the crack-'em-into-a-hot-pan-and-stir-until-well-done camp, which produces firm eggs that have visible striations of white and yolk. Influenced by my days as a professional cook, I belong to the soft-scrambled-or-bust party. Ultimately, there's no right or wrong—in the world of scrambled eggs, it's all about your personal preference.*\",\n \"Ha, that's just the BS that I tell her to keep the peace. We all know soft-scrambled eggs are the only way to go. Also, anyone have a couch I can sleep on tonight?\",\n \"Before I go any further, I want to acknowledge one thing. Yes, I realize that writing an article on how to scramble eggs treads dangerously close to \\\"How to Boil Water\\\" territory. It's such a fundamentally simple dish that an explanation almost seems absurd.\",\n \"And yet there are some finer points worth describing when it comes to scrambled eggs, and even a misconception or two worth dispelling. So, with that in mind, here's what you need to know when scrambling eggs, whether you want them American-diner-style or as silky as you find them in the fanciest restaurants.\",\n \"The results of our test of pre-salting eggs, with the longest duration at left and progressively shorter durations moving to the right. Pre-salting made little to no difference; if anything, it produced moister, more tender eggs. [Photograph: Robyn Lee]\",\n \"Perhaps the biggest thing some people get wrong about scrambled eggs is when to add the salt. There's a common belief that salting the eggs in advance of cooking makes them watery or tough—some folks even refuse to add salt until after the eggs have cooked. It's easy to see why: Add salt to beaten eggs and let them sit for even a few minutes, and the eggs turn a darker shade of orange, become slightly translucent, and appear to be thinner than before. It appears that the salt is doing undesirable things to the eggs.\",\n \"But after testing this, Kenji and I both found that pre-salting is beneficial, helping the eggs retain their moisture and tenderness. The reason is that salt acts as a buffer between the proteins in the eggs, preventing them from linking as tightly as they otherwise would during cooking. The tighter they link, the more water they push out and the tougher they become, so this buffering property of salt helps to mitigate some of that.\",\n \"The overall effect is fairly minor, so I wouldn't say that it's worth going to the trouble of pre-salting your eggs hours in advance, but at least you don't need to worry. Add salt whenever you want, since it won't hurt a thing.\",\n \"Next up is deciding whether to add any liquids to the eggs. It's pretty common to add a splash of milk or cream to the beaten eggs before scrambling, so I thought it would be fun to test it out.\",\n \"To do it, I made several batches of three beaten large eggs each, with different amounts and types of liquid: one, two, and three tablespoons of water; one, two, and three tablespoons of whole milk; and one, two, and three tablespoons of cream. I seasoned each with 1% salt by weight, added half a tablespoon of butter to each, and also prepared a control batch that had just the beaten eggs, butter, and salt, with no liquid added. To control for the inevitable variations in cooking that would occur if I made each batch in a skillet, I cooked all of these eggs sous vide at 167°F (75°C) for 20 minutes, massaging the bags throughout to scramble the eggs.\",\n \"What I found basically corresponds to expectations: As the volume of added liquid in the eggs goes up, the eggs themselves become softer and moister. At the same time, as the fat content of the liquid goes up, the eggs become richer and firmer. So, three tablespoons of cream per three eggs will be firmer than eggs made with three tablespoons of water, but both batches will be softer and moister than eggs made with one tablespoon of either cream or water.\",\n \"The batches made with cream, to my taste, were a little too rich and custardy, especially at the higher volume levels. Water, as would be expected, added moisture and lightness without flavor, which wasn't exactly appealing. (Stock or dashi, however, would be interesting additions, producing something not too different from chawan mushi, the Japanese custard with dashi.)\",\n \"The control batch, meanwhile, was the densest, bordering on rubbery. Ultimately, my preference was for whole milk, with a ratio of two tablespoons per three large eggs. This yielded moist, light eggs that were just rich enough, without going overboard.\",\n \"That said, when you scramble eggs in a skillet, you have a tremendous amount of control over both moisture level and texture depending on the technique you use. While my sous vide control batch of plain eggs wasn't my favorite, it's possible to get a very different result with those same plain eggs in a skillet. The key is in how you apply heat to them, and how you agitate them as they cook.\",\n \"One risk of adding liquid to eggs that's worth mentioning: There's a greater chance that water will be squeezed out as the eggs cook, especially if you like them well done. An analogous effect is the weeping and pitting that can happen when a custard is overcooked—loaded with cream (which is mostly water), a custard can break and weep if exposed to too much heat. The same can happen with scrambled eggs.\",\n \"Overall, I'd consider liquid add-ins a way to modify the texture, flavor, and moisture level of the eggs, though they're much less important than the cooking method itself.\",\n \"So now we get to the most important decision when scrambling eggs: the scrambling technique itself. There are endless possible variations, but I'm going to break it down into three overarching groups: very soft and loose eggs with barely perceptible curds (i.e., fancy-French-restaurant scrambled eggs); soft-scrambled eggs with small, delicate curds; and dry, fluffy eggs with large curds.\",\n \"Two factors determine which of the three types you'll end up with: your method of agitation and how hot the pan is. Let's take a closer look at each type of scrambled eggs.\",\n \"These are the scrambled eggs made famous by the chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten, and the trick to making them yourself is using incredibly low heat and a whisk.\",\n \"Then set it over very low heat (you can also use a double boiler, but it's not required), and cook the eggs, whisking gently the entire time.\",\n \"The goal of the constant whisking is to break up the curds as soon as they form; the whisk's multiple wires help with this, slicing through the eggs over and over as they cook. If done properly, it's a slow, boring process, at times leaving you to wonder if the eggs are cooking at all.\",\n \"The whisking has another effect: It makes the eggs less fluffy. The fluffiness in scrambled eggs (and also soufflés) comes from the expansion of heated gas and water vapor that's trapped in bubbles within the eggs. Through whisking, those bubbles are repeatedly broken and disturbed, allowing the gas and water vapor to escape. The low heat of this method also reduces fluffiness, since the eggs never get hot enough for the gas and water vapor to expand the way they would under high heat.\",\n \"Eventually, the eggs thicken to a custardy texture with tiny curds. They're not just spoonable; they're actually still pourable—the overall effect is very luxurious, though, I have to admit, this isn't a style of scrambled eggs I'd want to eat in large doses, or on a plate, like in the photo below. This is the kind of scrambled egg that's better suited to being delicately spooned in small dollops onto toasts, then topped with things like caviar or lobster.\",\n \"This is my favorite way of scrambling eggs. It's similar to the fancy French eggs above, but not quite as extreme.\",\n \"Once again, we work over low heat, though it's okay if it's a little more intense than the barely-there heat of the French eggs. And, once again, we stir constantly, or at least very, very frequently. We still want to break up the curds as they form to prevent them from becoming big and fluffy, but we don't need to pulverize them quite as much as in the fancy French version.\",\n \"I start in a cold nonstick skillet, just to prevent the eggs from seizing up the way they do when they hit a hot pan. Then I set them over medium-low or medium heat and stir, using a silicone spatula. The wider surface area of the skillet allows curds to form more quickly than they would in a saucepan, which is fine in this case. The spatula, meanwhile, is friendly on the nonstick surface, and breaks up the curds more gradually, allowing them to become slightly bigger.\",\n \"It's important to take the eggs off the heat a little before they reach the desired doneness level, since they will continue to cook from residual heat, especially while still in the hot pan. If you take them off the heat and find after several seconds of stirring that they're still not where you want them, you can always pop the pan back on the heat for a few seconds to nudge them in the right direction.\",\n \"While I go with the method above, a lot of people like their eggs cooked a little harder, with big, fluffy, diner-style curds. If this is your chosen scramble, start by melting butter in a nonstick skillet. Medium-high to high heat is our best bet here.\",\n \"Once again, we scramble with a silicone spatula, though this time it's okay if we don't break the curds up as much. Big, fluffy sheets should start forming pretty quickly on the bottom of the pan.\",\n \"The eggs come out drier (though hopefully not dry), with curds that don't necessarily all stick together. They should be fluffy, with a springy bite. Add ketchup if you must.\",\n \"For the most part, we want to add anything solid near the end, just before the eggs are done. That way, the add-ins can be incorporated and warm up or melt without interfering with the eggs. Vegetables that release water, like mushrooms, should be fully cooked first, so that they've already released their water before going into the eggs. (If you don't want the color of your add-in to affect your eggs, remove 'em from the pan for a minute while you get the eggs cooked.) With raw tomato, such as in Tex-Mex migas, your best bet is to pre-salt the diced tomato to draw out as much water as possible before adding it to the eggs.\",\n \"All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\",\n \"Daniel cooked for years in some of New York's top American, Italian and French restaurants - starting at the age of 13, when he began staging at the legendary restaurant Chanterelle. He spent nearly a year working on organic farms in Europe, where he harvested almonds and Padron peppers in Spain, shepherded a flock of more than 200 sheep in Italy, and made charcuterie in France. When not working on, thinking about, cooking and eating food, he blows off steam (and calories) as an instructor of capoeira, the Afro-Brazilian martial art.\",\n \"Post whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We reserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on our Terms of Use page.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way | Serious Eats\\n\\n * Scrambled Eggs\\n * Breakfast and Brunch\\n * Cooking Techniques\\n\\nMore Breadcrumbs\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Ingredient\\n * Eggs\\n * Scrambled Eggs\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Meal\\n * Breakfast and Brunch\\n\\n * How-Tos\\n * Cooking Techniques\\n\\n# Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way\\n\\nDaniel Gritzer\\n\\n65 Printer-Friendly Version\\n\\nPublished: May 14, 2015 Last Updated: November 1, 2019\\n\\n[Photographs: Vicky Wasik, unless otherwise noted. Video: Serious Eats Video]\\n\\n### Get the Recipes\\n\\n * Fluffy Scrambled Eggs\\n * Soft-Scrambled Eggs\\n * French-Style Soft, Spoonable Scrambled Eggs\\n\\nMy girlfriend, Kate, and I have an ongoing disagreement about scrambled eggs.\\nShe's in the crack-'em-into-a-hot-pan-and-stir-until-well-done camp, which\\nproduces firm eggs that have visible striations of white and yolk. Influenced\\nby my days as a professional cook, I belong to the soft-scrambled-or-bust\\nparty. Ultimately, there's no right or wrong—in the world of scrambled eggs,\\nit's all about your personal preference.*\\n\\n* Ha, that's just the BS that I tell her to keep the peace. We all know soft-scrambled eggs are the only way to go. Also, anyone have a couch I can sleep on tonight?\\n\\nBefore I go any further, I want to acknowledge one thing. Yes, I realize that\\nwriting an article on how to scramble eggs treads dangerously close to \\\"How to\\nBoil Water\\\" territory. It's such a fundamentally simple dish that an\\nexplanation almost seems absurd.\\n\\nAnd yet there are some finer points worth describing when it comes to\\nscrambled eggs, and even a misconception or two worth dispelling. So, with\\nthat in mind, here's what you need to know when scrambling eggs, whether you\\nwant them American-diner-style or as silky as you find them in the fanciest\\nrestaurants.\\n\\n### Let's Start With the Big Myth: Pre-Salting\\n\\nThe results of our test of pre-salting eggs, with the longest duration at left\\nand progressively shorter durations moving to the right. Pre-salting made\\nlittle to no difference; if anything, it produced moister, more tender eggs.\\n[Photograph: Robyn Lee]\\n\\nPerhaps the biggest thing some people get wrong about scrambled eggs is when\\nto add the salt. There's a common belief that salting the eggs in advance of\\ncooking makes them watery or tough—some folks even refuse to add salt until\\nafter the eggs have cooked. It's easy to see why: Add salt to beaten eggs and\\nlet them sit for even a few minutes, and the eggs turn a darker shade of\\norange, become slightly translucent, and appear to be thinner than before. It\\nappears that the salt is doing undesirable things to the eggs.\\n\\nBut after testing this, Kenji and I both found that pre-salting is beneficial,\\nhelping the eggs retain their moisture and tenderness. The reason is that salt\\nacts as a buffer between the proteins in the eggs, preventing them from\\nlinking as tightly as they otherwise would during cooking. The tighter they\\nlink, the more water they push out and the tougher they become, so this\\nbuffering property of salt helps to mitigate some of that.\\n\\nThe overall effect is fairly minor, so I wouldn't say that it's worth going to\\nthe trouble of pre-salting your eggs hours in advance, but at least you don't\\nneed to worry. Add salt whenever you want, since it won't hurt a thing.\\n\\n### Milk, Cream, and Other Liquid Add-Ins\\n\\nNext up is deciding whether to add any liquids to the eggs. It's pretty common\\nto add a splash of milk or cream to the beaten eggs before scrambling, so I\\nthought it would be fun to test it out.\\n\\nTo do it, I made several batches of three beaten large eggs each, with\\ndifferent amounts and types of liquid: one, two, and three tablespoons of\\nwater; one, two, and three tablespoons of whole milk; and one, two, and three\\ntablespoons of cream. I seasoned each with 1% salt by weight, added half a\\ntablespoon of butter to each, and also prepared a control batch that had just\\nthe beaten eggs, butter, and salt, with no liquid added. To control for the\\ninevitable variations in cooking that would occur if I made each batch in a\\nskillet, I cooked all of these eggs sous vide at 167°F (75°C) for 20 minutes,\\nmassaging the bags throughout to scramble the eggs.\\n\\nWhat I found basically corresponds to expectations: As the volume of added\\nliquid in the eggs goes up, the eggs themselves become softer and moister. At\\nthe same time, as the fat content of the liquid goes up, the eggs become\\nricher and firmer. So, three tablespoons of cream per three eggs will be\\nfirmer than eggs made with three tablespoons of water, but both batches will\\nbe softer and moister than eggs made with one tablespoon of either cream or\\nwater.\\n\\nThe batches made with cream, to my taste, were a little too rich and custardy,\\nespecially at the higher volume levels. Water, as would be expected, added\\nmoisture and lightness without flavor, which wasn't exactly appealing. (Stock\\nor dashi, however, would be interesting additions, producing something not too\\ndifferent from chawan mushi, the Japanese custard with dashi.)\\n\\nThe control batch, meanwhile, was the densest, bordering on rubbery.\\nUltimately, my preference was for whole milk, with a ratio of two tablespoons\\nper three large eggs. This yielded moist, light eggs that were just rich\\nenough, without going overboard.\\n\\nThat said, when you scramble eggs in a skillet, you have a tremendous amount\\nof control over both moisture level and texture depending on the technique you\\nuse. While my sous vide control batch of plain eggs wasn't my favorite, it's\\npossible to get a very different result with those same plain eggs in a\\nskillet. The key is in how you apply heat to them, and how you agitate them as\\nthey cook.\\n\\nOne risk of adding liquid to eggs that's worth mentioning: There's a greater\\nchance that water will be squeezed out as the eggs cook, especially if you\\nlike them well done. An analogous effect is the weeping and pitting that can\\nhappen when a custard is overcooked—loaded with cream (which is mostly water),\\na custard can break and weep if exposed to too much heat. The same can happen\\nwith scrambled eggs.\\n\\nOverall, I'd consider liquid add-ins a way to modify the texture, flavor, and\\nmoisture level of the eggs, though they're much less important than the\\ncooking method itself.\\n\\n### Heat and Agitation\\n\\nSo now we get to the most important decision when scrambling eggs: the\\nscrambling technique itself. There are endless possible variations, but I'm\\ngoing to break it down into three overarching groups: very soft and loose eggs\\nwith barely perceptible curds (i.e., fancy-French-restaurant scrambled eggs);\\nsoft-scrambled eggs with small, delicate curds; and dry, fluffy eggs with\\nlarge curds.\\n\\nTwo factors determine which of the three types you'll end up with: your method\\nof agitation and how hot the pan is. Let's take a closer look at each type of\\nscrambled eggs.\\n\\n#### Fancy, Spoonable French Eggs\\n\\nThese are the scrambled eggs made famous by the chef Jean-Georges\\nVongerichten, and the trick to making them yourself is using incredibly low\\nheat and a whisk.\\n\\nStart by adding the beaten eggs and a pat of butter to a cold saucepan.\\n\\nThen set it over very low heat (you can also use a double boiler, but it's not\\nrequired), and cook the eggs, whisking gently the entire time.\\n\\nThe goal of the constant whisking is to break up the curds as soon as they\\nform; the whisk's multiple wires help with this, slicing through the eggs over\\nand over as they cook. If done properly, it's a slow, boring process, at times\\nleaving you to wonder if the eggs are cooking at all.\\n\\nThe whisking has another effect: It makes the eggs less fluffy. The fluffiness\\nin scrambled eggs (and also soufflés) comes from the expansion of heated gas\\nand water vapor that's trapped in bubbles within the eggs. Through whisking,\\nthose bubbles are repeatedly broken and disturbed, allowing the gas and water\\nvapor to escape. The low heat of this method also reduces fluffiness, since\\nthe eggs never get hot enough for the gas and water vapor to expand the way\\nthey would under high heat.\\n\\nEventually, the eggs thicken to a custardy texture with tiny curds. They're\\nnot just spoonable; they're actually still pourable—the overall effect is very\\nluxurious, though, I have to admit, this isn't a style of scrambled eggs I'd\\nwant to eat in large doses, or on a plate, like in the photo below. This is\\nthe kind of scrambled egg that's better suited to being delicately spooned in\\nsmall dollops onto toasts, then topped with things like caviar or lobster.\\n\\n#### Soft-Scrambled Eggs\\n\\nThis is my favorite way of scrambling eggs. It's similar to the fancy French\\neggs above, but not quite as extreme.\\n\\nOnce again, we work over low heat, though it's okay if it's a little more\\nintense than the barely-there heat of the French eggs. And, once again, we\\nstir constantly, or at least very, very frequently. We still want to break up\\nthe curds as they form to prevent them from becoming big and fluffy, but we\\ndon't need to pulverize them quite as much as in the fancy French version.\\n\\nI start in a cold nonstick skillet, just to prevent the eggs from seizing up\\nthe way they do when they hit a hot pan. Then I set them over medium-low or\\nmedium heat and stir, using a silicone spatula. The wider surface area of the\\nskillet allows curds to form more quickly than they would in a saucepan, which\\nis fine in this case. The spatula, meanwhile, is friendly on the nonstick\\nsurface, and breaks up the curds more gradually, allowing them to become\\nslightly bigger.\\n\\nPretty quickly, these eggs will start to set.\\n\\nIt's important to take the eggs off the heat a little before they reach the\\ndesired doneness level, since they will continue to cook from residual heat,\\nespecially while still in the hot pan. If you take them off the heat and find\\nafter several seconds of stirring that they're still not where you want them,\\nyou can always pop the pan back on the heat for a few seconds to nudge them in\\nthe right direction.\\n\\nThe resulting eggs are creamy and moist, but not wet or runny.\\n\\n#### Fluffy Eggs\\n\\nWhile I go with the method above, a lot of people like their eggs cooked a\\nlittle harder, with big, fluffy, diner-style curds. If this is your chosen\\nscramble, start by melting butter in a nonstick skillet. Medium-high to high\\nheat is our best bet here.\\n\\nOnce the butter is hot and foamy, we're ready to roll.\\n\\nIn go the eggs.\\n\\nOnce again, we scramble with a silicone spatula, though this time it's okay if\\nwe don't break the curds up as much. Big, fluffy sheets should start forming\\npretty quickly on the bottom of the pan.\\n\\nWe just keep cooking, stirring those curds, until the last traces of wetness\\ndisappear.\\n\\nThe eggs come out drier (though hopefully not dry), with curds that don't\\nnecessarily all stick together. They should be fluffy, with a springy bite.\\nAdd ketchup if you must.\\n\\n### Herbs, Vegetables, and Solid Add-Ins\\n\\nOnce you've mastered your ideal scrambled eggs, you may start to wonder about\\nadding cheese, herbs, or vegetables.\\n\\nFor the most part, we want to add anything solid near the end, just before the\\neggs are done. That way, the add-ins can be incorporated and warm up or melt\\nwithout interfering with the eggs. Vegetables that release water, like\\nmushrooms, should be fully cooked first, so that they've already released\\ntheir water before going into the eggs. (If you don't want the color of your\\nadd-in to affect your eggs, remove 'em from the pan for a minute while you get\\nthe eggs cooked.) With raw tomato, such as in Tex-Mex migas, your best bet is\\nto pre-salt the diced tomato to draw out as much water as possible before\\nadding it to the eggs.\\n\\nNow go ahead: Make my egg.\\n\\n### Get the Recipes\\n\\n * #### Fluffy Scrambled Eggs\\n\\nView Recipe »\\n\\n * #### Soft-Scrambled Eggs\\n\\nView Recipe »\\n\\n * #### French-Style Soft, Spoonable Scrambled Eggs\\n\\nView Recipe »\\n\\nAll products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We\\nmay earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\\n\\nDaniel Gritzer Culinary Director\\n\\n * Profile\\n * Twitter\\n * Contact\\n\\nDaniel cooked for years in some of New York's top American, Italian and French\\nrestaurants - starting at the age of 13, when he began staging at the\\nlegendary restaurant Chanterelle. He spent nearly a year working on organic\\nfarms in Europe, where he harvested almonds and Padron peppers in Spain,\\nshepherded a flock of more than 200 sheep in Italy, and made charcuterie in\\nFrance. When not working on, thinking about, cooking and eating food, he blows\\noff steam (and calories) as an instructor of capoeira, the Afro-Brazilian\\nmartial art.\\n\\n65 Printer-Friendly Version\\n\\n###### Tags\\n\\n * breakfast\\n * egg\\n * essential\\n * how-to\\n * technique\\n\\nGuide to\\n\\nEggs\\n\\n * Scrambled Eggs\\n * Breakfast and Brunch\\n * Cooking Techniques\\n\\nMore Breadcrumbs\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Ingredient\\n * Eggs\\n * Scrambled Eggs\\n\\n * Recipes\\n * Meal\\n * Breakfast and Brunch\\n\\n * How-Tos\\n * Cooking Techniques\\n\\nHIDE COMMENTS\\n\\nSign In or Register\\n\\nShow 65 Comments\\n\\n##### Comments\\n\\n### Hello Eater!\\n\\nWant to comment? Sign In or Register\\n\\n##### ADD A COMMENT\\n\\n##### PREVIEW YOUR COMMENT\\n\\n##### HTML Hints\\n\\nSome HTML is OK: link, strong, em\\n\\n##### Comment Guidelines\\n\\nPost whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We\\nreserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on\\nour Terms of Use page.\\n\\nIf you see something not so nice, please, report an inappropriate comment.\\n\\nHIDE COMMENTS\\n\\n## Popular Recipes\\n\\nAmerican\\n\\n#### Foolproof Pan Pizza\\n\\nThis cast iron pizza recipe is the easiest method for making a crisp-crusted,\\nairy, chewy pan pizza at home.\\n\\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\\n\\nBaking\\n\\n#### BraveTart: Glossy Fudge Brownies\\n\\nWith Dutch cocoa, dark chocolate, and vanilla, these brown butter brownies\\nhave it all.\\n\\nStella Parks\\n\\nChristmas\\n\\n#### The Best Crispy Roast Potatoes Ever\\n\\nThese are the crispiest, most flavorful roast potatoes you'll ever make.\\n\\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\\n\\nCondiments and Sauces\\n\\n#### Traditional Toum (Lebanese Garlic Sauce)\\n\\nA creamy and pungent garlic paste, perfect for grilled meats or in a\\ntraditional chicken shawarma.\\n\\nSohla El-Waylly\\n\\n## More Breakfast and Brunch\\n\\n#### The Food Lab: How to Make the Best Light and Fluffy Pancakes\\n\\n#### Taste Test: The Best Supermarket Bacon\\n\\n#### All the Best Ways to Cook Bacon (And All the Ways Not To)\\n\\nSerious Eats\\n\\n * Latest\\n * Masthead\\n * Contact\\n * About\\n * Advertise\\n * Jobs\\n * Sitemap\\n * FAQ\\n\\nFollow Us\\n\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Your California Privacy Rights\\n * © 2021 Serious Eats Inc., by Dotdash\\n\\n#### Welcome! Please sign in.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":398,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":522211,"string":"522,211"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Add a Lean To Onto a Shed"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"Adding a lean to onto a shed involves leveling the earth where the lean to will go and setting posts that will be locked in place with concrete. Then, boards, called nailers, are attached horizontally across the posts, and one is added just below the roof of the existing shed. Rafters are then nailed into the nailers to support the roof and the roof is added on top of that. Any interior walls or partitions will be added next, and then doors and flooring. The exterior walls are added last to complete the project."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20211202012003/https://usanorth811.org/","http://web.archive.org/web/20190614202654/https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210305184247/https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200407153438/https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004944/https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625","http://web.archive.org/web/20201129165910/https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o","http://web.archive.org/web/20210416173520/https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200601053806/https://www.familyhandyman.com/sheds/diy-storage-shed-building-tips/","http://web.archive.org/web/20201127232816/https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210423090644/https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210307053513/https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20200416143743/https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/","http://web.archive.org/web/20210422062419/http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20210509214723/https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211202012003/https://usanorth811.org/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190614202654/https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305184247/https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200407153438/https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004944/https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201129165910/https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416173520/https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200601053806/https://www.familyhandyman.com/sheds/diy-storage-shed-building-tips/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127232816/https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423090644/https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307053513/https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416143743/https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422062419/http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509214723/https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":337,"string":"337"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://usanorth811.org/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211202012003/https://usanorth811.org/","parsed_text":{"title":"Call 811 Before You Dig","passages":["If you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to ensure you stay safe during your next project!","If you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to ensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!","If you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update your member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!","If you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to ensure you stay safe during your next project!","If you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to ensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!","If you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update your member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!","Excavation work in California, which includes agricultural activities, has required a “call before you dig” ticket since the 1980’s. Standard tickets are valid for 28 days and can be renewed if work is ongoing. In 2017, lawmakers created an ‘Area of Continual Excavation’ (ACE) ticket that is valid for one calendar year and available to farmers and certain flood control facility operators. The goal was to create a safe and less burdensome option from the normal ticket process that complies with safe digging laws.","Visit www.usanorth811.org to submit your ticket online, or dial 811; available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (including holidays). If you are requesting an ACE ticket, just let us know over the phone, or select the appropriate option when submitting your ticket online.","Utility owners have at least two working days, not including the day of notification, to respond to your ticket by marking the site, providing information on the location of their facilities underground, or giving an ‘all clear’ if there are no facilities in the dig area.","Excavators must confirm that ALL utility members on the ticket have responded before excavation can begin, even if the start date and time has passed (submitting a ‘No Response’ to the ticket will send another notification to the utility owner. Call us at 811 or log into your E-Ticket account to submit a No Response on your ticket).","Excavators are required to use hand tools only within 24 inches on either side of the underground line and are responsible for the safety and protection of any facilities while they are exposed.","ACE tickets are ONLY available to farmers and flood control facilities where the excavation is part of “normal business activities.” A flood control facility is defined in Title 19 of the California Code of Regulations as “an engineered basin operated by a state or local agency, used for the temporary slowing and storing of storm water runoff and for which regular removal of debris is required.\"","For areas of continual excavation that include or are within 10 feet of a high priority subsurface installation, an onsite meeting between a representative of the excavator and the operator of the high priority subsurface installation is required, and must be facilitated by using an Area of Continual Excavation Agreement (form below).","An onsite meeting must take place at a mutually agreed upon date and time on the property where the high priority subsurface installation is present. Representatives must be authorized to enter into an agreement and be prepared with all the relevant information of their respective operations.","If there are contrary understandings of the exact location of the high priority subsurface installation, the operator must demonstrate a conflict with the area of continual excavation by providing documentation of the exact location of the facility or by exposing the facility with hand tools or vacuum excavation at a mutually agreed upon date and time.","If the ACE does not contain a high priority subsurface installation and is more than 10 feet away from any high priority subsurface installation, then the operator or excavator may request an optional onsite meeting using the Area of Continual Excavation Optional Agreement (form below).","If you are not excavating within the next 14 calendar days a ticket cannot be submitted since the project is in the design phase. To acquire infrastructure information/ location for design purposes, the engineering department of each utility operator must be contacted. USA North 811 provides the Utility Member Contact Lookup tool free of charge. Please use the button below to generate a list of design/engineering contacts.","The following is a list of Holidays recognized by California and Nevada. Both California and Nevada One-Call Laws do not allow Federal or State Holidays to be included as part of the legal notice for the excavation notification. For holidays that occur on Saturdays, USA NORTH 811 will observe the holiday the Friday before the holiday. For holidays that occur on Sundays, they will be observed on the following Monday.","Welcome to the USA North 811 DIRT portal. Follow the below steps to input your data for either California or Nevada. NOTE: DIRT reporting is done on an anonymous basis and is a tool for data collecting, not enforcement of excavation law. All personal information for the individual entering the report will be removed.","If you are trying to input DIRT data for California only, please click the link below to submit your report to the California DIRT Page: (NOTE: When you submit your data through the CA DIRT portal, a report will also be transmitted to the National DIRT program as well fulfilling any National reporting requirements you might have)","or click the link below to download and print out a copy of the CA DIRT form for use in the field:","If you are trying to input DIRT data for Nevada only, please click the link below to submit your report to the National CGA DIRT Page:","To cultivate public safety and damage prevention by creating cohesive lines of communication between excavators and utility operators. Our vision of transparency and fluidity is streamlined by exceptional customer service and public education. We aim to surpass One Call industry best practice standards and inspire inclusive participation from stakeholders.","USA North 811 began operation in May of 1975 & incorporated as a 501 (c)(6) Non-Profit Mutual Benefit Corporation in 1986. Our objective is to receive planned excavation reports from public or private excavators and to transmit those planned excavation reports to all participating utility members of USA North 811 who may have facilities in and around that excavation site. Our members will either: 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility, 2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the excavator of clearance, for facilities that they own.","The California Regional Common Ground Alliance (CARCGA) is a 501(c)(6) non- profit mutual benefit corporation dedicated to ensuring public safety, environmental protection, and integrity of underground services in California. CARCGA is a Regional Partner of the Common Ground Alliance (CGA). Through the effective promotion of CGA’s damage prevention best practices, CARGCA boasts participation from a variety of stakeholders including but not limited to utility operators and professional excavators.","CGA is a member-driven association of 1,700 individuals, organizations and sponsors in every facet of the underground utility industry. Established in 2000, CGA is committed to saving lives and preventing damage to underground infrastructure by promoting effective damage prevention practices. CGA has established itself as the leading organization in an effort to reduce damages to underground facilities in North America through shared responsibility among all stakeholders.","The Nevada Regional Common Ground Alliance is open to any individual, organization, municipality or corporation interested in the promotion of underground damage prevention in the state of Nevada. The NRCGA provides a forum for members and non-members to exchange information and ideas at monthly meetings, offers free excavator training on damage prevention and Nevada excavation law, and holds events throughout the year to educate homeowners and excavators about the importance of calling 811 before beginning any digging project.","NICE InContact is our latest technology partner that will be providing our Contact Center with a state of the art customer service phone system that will be available before 2020.","Norfield is a member-owned technology organization, consisting of notification centers for California (Northern and Southern), Colorado, Illinois, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Utah, and Virginia, who collectively process over ten million incoming excavation notification requests annually.","WebTMS is a multi-center, web-based One Call Ticket Management System for receiving locate request tickets, managing locator workflow and assignments, transmitting positive responses back to the originating One Call Center, transmitting notifications to excavators, and providing metrics for managers to effectively manage their locate teams and response times. USA North 811 offers utility operators this ticket management solution free of charge.","AGREEMENT AND PARTIES. Underground Service Alert of Northern California and Nevada (\"USA North,\" \"us,\" or \"we\") respects the privacy of the visitors to the USA North website (collectively \"website\" or \"site\"). This privacy policy (\"privacy policy\" or \"policy\") is an agreement between USA North and you, as the user of the USA North website (\"you\"). This agreement tells you when this policy is effective, what information we collect from you, how we might use it, how you can review or change the personal information you provided to us, and how we may change this policy. We encourage users to read this policy prior to accessing the features of the site.","AGREEMENT TO TERMS. All activities in which you may engage on this website are voluntary. You are not required to provide any personal information to us unless you choose to access features on this site which require the information. If you do not agree with the terms of this policy or other terms of use on this website, then you should immediately exit this website and discontinue using the site. If you do not agree with the terms of our privacy policy, please do not provide us with any personal information and leave this website. By using the USA North website, you signify that you agree to the terms of this privacy policy.","This privacy policy is effective as of June 7, 2019, and will remain in effect except with respect to any of its provisions that are changed in the future, in which case the changes will become effective on the date they are posted on the website or we otherwise notify you of the changes. We reserve the right to change this privacy policy at any time. Changes, modifications, additions, or deletions will be effective immediately upon their posting to this site. You should check this policy periodically as its terms may change from time to time. Your continued use of the site after we post any such modifications will constitute your acknowledgement of the modified policy and your agreement to abide and be bound by the modified policy. We will also revise the \"last updated\" date found at the beginning of this privacy policy when we post changes to it.","The privacy policy does not extend to anything that is inherent in the operation of the Internet, and therefore beyond USA North's control, and is not to be applied in any manner contrary to applicable law or governmental regulation. This online privacy policy only applies to information collected through this site. This privacy policy does not apply to any information we may collect from you in any place other than this website.","TYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. We may ask you for certain information referred to as \"personal information,\" which includes information that pertains to your identity. Such information may include, but is not limited to, items such as your name, company affiliation, address, e-mail address, and telephone number. You may be required to provide personal information to access or use certain parts of our website or features of the site. If you do not provide the requested personal information, you may not be able to access or use the features of the site where such information is requested.","USE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION. We will primarily use the personal information we receive from you to provide services to you, including, but not limited to, the following: A. To administer and fulfil the purpose of the USA North program. B. To send surveys to you about our service to better understand your interests and needs, so we can improve our services. If you no longer wish to receive any e-mails from us you may opt out (see Section 12).","C. To send alerts to you about our service, updates, changes, and outages. If you no longer wish to receive any SMS messages from us you may opt out (see Section 12 and 13).","TYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. There may be other instances in which we collect information from you that is more general in nature (\"general information\"). Such information may include your Internet Protocol (IP) address, which enables us to identify your computer or device on a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network, which includes the World Wide Web. Your computer has an IP address, which is required in order for you to communicate with others via the Internet. Such general information, including cookies, as mentioned below, may be collected from you whenever you access the site, whether or not you provide us with any personal information.","When you visit our website we may also collect \"click stream data\" (server address, domain name). This information can be combined with information you have provided to us by registering, for example, which will enable us to analyze and better customize your visits. We may use click stream data for traffic analysis of our website to determine which features of our site are most or least effective or useful to you.","We may also use cookies to gather information about your visits to our website and enhance your experience. More information on how we use cookies is available in the section \"Use of Cookies.\"","We are strongly committed to not sharing nonpublic information with third parties. Under this Privacy Policy, we may share your information only under particular situations, as described in this Policy. Because we protect all users in this manner, we do not change our behavior in response to a web browser's \"do not track\" signal.","Please keep in mind that whenever you give out personal information online there is a risk that third parties may intercept and use that information. While USA North strives to protect your personal information and privacy, we cannot guarantee the security of any information you disclose online. By using this site, you expressly acknowledge and agree that we do not guarantee the security of any data provided to or received by us through this site and that any personal information, general information, or other data or information received from you through the site is provided to us at your own risk, which you expressly assume.","USA North intends only persons who are 18 years or older to use this website. Personal registration information submitted by and pertaining to a person under the age of 18 will not be accepted. Any general information provided by and pertaining to a person under the age of 18 and gathered (for example, through the use of cookies) during his or her visit may be used as indicated in this policy (see Section 7). USA North is committed to protecting the privacy of children and has no intention of collecting personal data from children under the age of 18. We encourage parents and guardians of children under 18 to regularly check and monitor their children's use of e-mail and other activities online.","PLEASE NOTE: We are a general audience site, and do not direct any of our content specifically at children under 13 years of age. We understand and are committed to respecting the sensitive nature of children's privacy online. If we learn or have reason to suspect that a site user is under age 13, we will promptly delete any personal information in that user's account.","WHO MAY HAVE ACCESS TO YOUR INFORMATION. USA North is comprised of various participating members who opt to become members of USA North and who own or operate any underground facilities in the area served by USA North. We provide our services through member agreements with participating members. The participating members carry or transport materials including, but not limited to, water, gas, oil, fuel, and sewage, and/or conduit used for electric, telephone, or other services. USA North provides personal information to its participating members for the purpose of providing services. Our participating members may use your personal information for the purpose of carrying out the work as agreed with us.","In addition to members, USA North provides information to the California Underground Facilities Safe Excavation Board (Dig Safe Board) for purposes of compliance with and effectuating the purpose of California Government Code 4216 et seq.","Our sole purpose in providing personal information to the participating members is for use by the participating members in providing services related to their membership and the USA North program as contemplated by California Government Code 4216 et. seq. Any other use by participating members is neither intended nor authorized by USA North. The participating members may have adopted individual privacy policies. However, the use of your personal information by participating members is governed by the privacy policies of those participating members and is not subject to our control. Other than to participating members for the purposes set out above, and except as described in this policy, we do not sell, trade, or otherwise transfer your personal information or general information to third parties without informing you in advance.","RELEASE OF INFORMATION. USA North will release personal or general information without your consent for security purposes, when required by law, or to prevent imminent harm to any person or entity. We will disclose personal or general information upon receipt of a court order or subpoena, or to cooperate with a law enforcement investigation, which may include responding to requests and court orders from jurisdictions outside the United States. We fully cooperate with law enforcement agencies in identifying those who use our services for illegal activities. We reserve the right to report to law enforcement agencies any activities that we in good faith believe to be unlawful, as determined in our sole discretion. Release of your personal data for security purposes, as described in this agreement to any person or entity under any circumstances shall be based on a determination made solely by us, exercising our own discretion, permission for which is expressly granted by you to us in accordance with this policy.","PURPOSE OF LINKS. For your convenience and to improve the usage of the website we may insert links to third parties on this site. This privacy policy does not apply to such third-party websites. These links take you outside our service and off the USA North's site and are beyond our control. This includes links from partners that may use USA North's logos as part of a co-branding agreement. The sites those links can take you to have their own separate privacy policies, and although we seek to protect the integrity of our site, USA North is not liable for the content and activities of those sites. Your visits and access to such websites is at your own risk. Please note that those other sites may send their own cookies to users, collect data, or solicit personal information.","COOKIES. A cookie is a small string of information that the website you visit transfers to your computer for identification purposes. Cookies can be used to follow your activity on the website which can help to improve your website experience. Cookies are used for such activities as remembering your user name and password, if you use such a feature on this site. If you prefer not to receive cookies, you may opt not to receive them. You can also have your computer warn you whenever cookies are being used. For both options you must adjust your browser (such as Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Internet Explorer, or other browser) settings. There are also software products available that can manage cookies for you. Please be aware, however, that when you choose to reject cookies, this choice may limit the functionality of the website you visit and you may lose access to some of its features.","CHANGING YOUR INFORMATION. You may opt out, delete, or modify your personal information associated with a specific user account, by visiting our website or by contacting us by telephone at 811. We encourage you promptly to update your personal information when it changes. However, personal information submitted in association with a submitted USA North ticket will remain on the ticket and will be maintained by USA North for purposes of its own recordkeeping responsibilities and for purposes of operating its business.","Please read these terms and conditions carefully. By opting-in to the text messaging programs, you expressly consent to receive non-marketing and marketing text messages from USA North 811 and others texting on its behalf, including text messages made with an autodialer, at the telephone number(s) that you provide. You may opt-out of these communications at any time, and consent to receive marketing text messages is not required to purchase any goods or services.","PROGRAM DESCRIPTION. USA North and its service providers may use an automatic telephone dialing system (“autodialer”) to deliver USA North text messages to you. USA North text messages are intended to provide you with updates and information including service outages, event notifications, service or system upgrades, local and state law updates, and other important 811 information.","MESSAGE FREQUENCY. The number of text messages that you receive will vary depending on how many of USA North’s text messaging programs for which you sign up to receive messages. You will receive a maximum of one hundred messages per month.","COST. Message and data rates may apply to each text message sent or received in connection with text messages, as provided in your mobile telephone service rate plan (please contact your mobile telephone carrier for pricing plans), in addition to any applicable roaming charges. USA North does not impose a separate fee for sending text messages.","SUPPORTED CARRIERS. Supported carriers may change from time to time, but currently include AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, among others.","HOW TO OPT-IN. To opt-in to receive text messages from USA North text messaging program(s), please follow the instructions provided. By opting-in, you are agreeing to the following statement: “I agree to receive marketing/autodialed text messages from USA North 811 at the mobile number I have provided. Consent is not required to purchase goods or services.”","HOW TO OPT-OUT. To stop receiving text messages from the USA North text messaging program, text STOP to the five digit short code for the text messaging program from which you no longer wish to receive message (i.e., the five digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You will then receive confirmation of your opt-out of that text messaging program.","HELP. To request more information, text HELP to the five-digit short code for the text messaging program about which you have questions (i.e., the five digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You may also receive help by visiting the “contact us” page of our website www.usanorth811.org.","CONTACT INFORMATION. If you have any questions or comments relating to our website or the privacy policy, contact us by telephone at (800) 640-5137.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","Feedback is good and sometimes it’s the only thing that causes change. Let us know if we are excelling in a certain area of our service or if we are failing to meet your expectations. Either way, we want to hear about it! Please Rant or Rave in the section below.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","1| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT ---|--- 2| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT BUT PRIVATELY OWNED UTILITY ON PROPERTY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE 3| EXISTING MARKINGS ADEQUATE 4| NO MARKINGS REQUESTED 10| LOCATE AREA MARKED 11| LOCATE AREA MARKED BUT ABANDONED FACILITIES MAY BE IN THE AREA 12| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE OWNED UTILITY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE 13| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE PROPERTY 14| PARTIALLY MARKED - MORE TIME IS NEEDED 15| PROVIDED FACILITY LOCATION INFORMATION TO EXCAVATOR (4216.3(a)(1)(A)(ii) 20| BAD ADDRESS/INCORRECT STREET/LOCATION INFO - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 21| NO ACCESS TO LOCATE AREA - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 22| NO DELINEATION - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 23| DELINEATED AREA DOES NOT MATCH LOCATION REQUEST - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 30| CONTACT FACILITY OWNER FOR FURTHER INFO 31| REQUIRES STAND BY AT TIME OF EXCAVATION - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER 32| VISIBLE OR EXPOSED FACILITY - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER IF CROSSING 33| HIGH PRIORITY LINE IN AREA - ON SITE MEETING REQUIRED 34| FIELD MEET REQUIRED - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER TO SCHEDULE 35| TRAFFIC CONTROL REQUIRED TO MARK FACILITIES 40| EXCAVATOR COMPLETED WORK PRIOR TO DUE DATE 41| EXCAVATOR NO SHOW FOR MEET 42| EXCAVATOR CANCELED REQUES 43| EXCAVATOR NOT DIGGING WITHIN 14 CALENDAR DAYS (PREPLANNING) 50| NEGOTIATED MARKING SCHEDULE 51| MUTUALLY AGREED TO A LATER START DATE AND TIME (4216.3(a)(1)(a)) 52| UNABLE TO LOCATE USING STANDARD LOCATING TECHNIQUES 53| SCHEDULED MEET WITH EXCAVATOR AT REQUESTED DATE AND TIME CONFIRMED 80| EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES EXIST - NO LOCATE DUE TO WEATHER/EMERGENCY CONDITION 990|","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","This is the Ticket Research order form for non-members of USA North 811 (Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc). The ticket research will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent","$30 Check Payment or $32 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","Please fill out the information below and hit submit. Our Online Services department will be in touch with you shortly regarding your account.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","Design Inquiry Membership: The Design Inquiry Membership provides participants with 24/7 access to USA North’s online engineering contact information inquiry program. The resulting inquiries provide the participant with a list of the engineering contact information for each USA North member who may have facilities at the designated design site, in order to expedite their design process.","Using the USA North member engineering contact information, you will be able to contact each USA North Member identified, and request that they provide you with their underground facility as-built drawings, red-line their facilities on your design drawings, and/or discuss your design work with them.","Your unique user name and password must be kept secure at all times. Sharing it with others will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry Membership","The Design Inquiry Member assumes total responsibility for selecting a correct and accurate design site USA North will only display USA North members who indicate that they may have underground facilities at the design site at the time and date that the design inquiry is submitted. Each design inquiry is time and date stamped for this purpose. It is the responsibility of the Design Inquiry Member to contact any non-USA North facility owners at the design site.","Sharing the USA North Design Inquiry engineering contact information with affiliate organizations or other 3rd party entities will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry Membership.","Design Inquiry Members agree to hold USA North harmless against any and all claims arising out of the design site that they entered. Annual Design Inquiry Membership Fee for non-USA North members – $132.00 annually","Includes 1 user name and password per company Affiliate organizations are required to have their own Design Inquiry Membership Additional intra-company Design Inquiry memberships – $30.00 annually To become a Design Inquiry member or to find out more information, please complete the following","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","How much does it cost to become a member? There is a $150 annual flat rate fee which is prorated based off when you membership becomes active. The flat rate fee get you the first 200 tickets free. Any tickets you receive over the 200 will then be billed according to what percentage that is compared to all billable tickets by all members divided by the approved budget.","Why am I required to be a member? 4216.1. Every operator of a subsurface installation, except the Department of Transportation, shall become a member of, participate in, and share in the costs of, a regional notification center. Operators of subsurface installations who are members of, participate in, and share in, the costs of a regional notification center, including, but not limited to, the Underground Service Alert—Northern California or the Underground Service Alert—Southern California are in compliance with this section and Section 4216.9. A regional USA North 811 Overview CGA Best Practices - Appendix B CA Government Code 4216 36 notification center shall not charge a fee to a person for notifying the regional notification center to obtain a ticket or to renew a ticket. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 809, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2017.)","How do I update my company contact info? To update your company contact info please fill out the form at the link below. If you have questions regarding this please send them to memberservices@usanorth811.org","How to I update my service area? There are 2 ways you can update your service area. The first and easiest option is by using shape files. If you have shape files for your service area then please send them over to memberservices@usanorth811.org. The second option is to use our polygon maintenance editor using the link below. This option requires you to have login credentials first. If you don’t have credentials and are not listed on the membership already then your company representative will have to give permissions first before we can create those for you. Polygon editor program: newtin.usan.org","How do I respond to tickets I receive? In response to the receipt of planned excavation reports our members will either 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility; 2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the excavator about the clearance, of facilities that they own, operate, and/or maintain.","What is Electronic Positive Response? Electronic Positive Response (+Res or PosRes) is a system that encourages communication from member utility companies to USA North 811; notifying us of the status of the ticket or the method they chose to respond to a ticket. Excavation law in California and Nevada already requires that all utility members respond to every request they receive by either marking the site, notifying the excavator that the site is clear of their facilities, or providing information to the excavator regarding the location of the facilities (i.e. maps, drawings, etc.). Electronic Positive Response goes one step further by allowing the utility member to then notify USA North 811 how they chose to respond to the ticket. USA North 811 will then publish these responses online allowing contractors, excavators, and homeowners in California and Nevada the ability to check the status of responses to their ticket request online 24×7. At this time, electronic positive response is voluntary in both California and Nevada. Therefore you may not always see an electronic positive response from all utility members posted online. Please make sure and do your due diligence in tracking responses from the utility members on your ticket request. You need to ensure that you have received a response from all utility members on your ticket before proceeding with your digging project. For more information regarding electronic positive response, go online to www.USANorth811.org/posres","What is WebTMS? WebTMS is our ticket management program that is offered all of our members to help them respond and manage any tickets they receive. If interested, below is a link to our WebTMS sign up form. WebTMS is for our utility members only and will not benefit contractors. WebTMS Sign up form: http://usanorth811.org/webtms-information-request/","For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","We encourage all our Members to update their contact information regularly. It’s recommended to update at least every Quarter, or as needed. If you have any questions about your membership please contact Member Services at memberservices@usanorth811.org.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Maecenas eu dapibus tellus, quis euismod nunc. Aliquam vulputate massa neque, vel auctor tellus interdum id. Integer blandit purus id tortor bibendum, sed rhoncus leo molestie. Aliquam venenatis dignissim turpis a tincidunt. Nullam justo lectus, auctor scelerisque erat sed, dictum pellentesque eros. Cras non congue neque, vitae varius ligula. Nam feugiat magna fermentum eleifend iaculis. Nam condimentum nisi quis feugiat congue. Donec mattis accumsan augue, faucibus hendrerit sem mollis non.","Donec ac eros rhoncus nisl rutrum fringilla. Nam convallis sagittis tellus, eget rutrum nisi venenatis sit amet. Donec tincidunt et enim eu scelerisque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Etiam fringilla porttitor orci, in vulputate est finibus sit amet. Nulla mollis, odio et vestibulum sagittis, enim urna laoreet quam, eget auctor urna nunc et neque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Ut fermentum laoreet metus sed blandit. Phasellus volutpat dictum neque ac pulvinar. Ut et mauris magna.","Sed vestibulum lacus a nibh ullamcorper fermentum. Donec in sodales risus. Morbi aliquet quis nisi at fermentum. Pellentesque feugiat diam eget libero venenatis, nec cursus nulla tristique. Quisque consequat lacinia malesuada. Etiam vitae nisi accumsan, fringilla turpis non, condimentum sapien. Curabitur ultricies lacus est, sit amet facilisis purus suscipit et. Nulla vitae nisi ut est vestibulum cursus. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in faucibus. Fusce dictum nunc et ligula ultrices rutrum. Pellentesque dapibus nibh quis nisl condimentum, et tempor lacus dignissim.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","A \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.","Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.","At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket by clicking the button below.","Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.","Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.","It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.","If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under the “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.","Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rd party locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.","Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our How to Premark Instructional Video.","The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.","If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.","When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance zone and hand digging requirements, please click here for CA requirements or click here for NV requirements.","USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.","Submitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig project is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the center and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the public a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground utilities.","Have you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence project, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are most likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property for that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is being done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your shared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property, and you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please email our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look and see if there are any open tickets for your address.","We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.","Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign up page.","If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our Simple Ticket Search program. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.","The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.","The utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:","USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.","The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)","The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)","For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.","Your ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket submission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your request. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you have determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you can request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on your ticket.","The depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An underground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was originally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface activity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility owners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.","To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links: CA Members","I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?","If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at onlineservices@usanorth811.org.","I’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?","Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your property, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for them/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your contractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work you do yourself, and not the work they are doing.","What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?","If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","A \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.","Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.","At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket here.","Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.","Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.","· It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.","If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under the “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.","Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in-house locators, while others hire 3^rd party locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.","Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our \"How to Premark\" instructional video.","The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.","If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.","When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools.","USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.","We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.","Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign up page.","I forgot to submit my 811 request and I’m supposed to start my work tomorrow; can I submit an emergency request?","All excavation requests require a minimum of two working days’ notice prior to the start of excavation. State law identifies which factors qualify a request as an emergency, and if your excavation does not meet those requirements you cannot submit an emergency request. To see if your excavation meets the requirements of an emergency notification, please see the state specific emergency definitions below:","California: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence, involving a clear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services.","Nevada: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence that involves clear and imminent danger and requires immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of life or damage to health, property or essential public services.","If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: Simple Ticket Search. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.","The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.","The utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:","USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.","The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)","The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)","For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.","To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:","I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?","If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at weboperations@usanorth811.org.","I’m hiring a sub-contractor to do work at my jobsite, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?","Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a sub-contractor to perform work on your property, the sub-contractor needs to contact 811 and submit their own request for them/their company. The sub-contractor cannot work under another contractor or sub-contractors existing 811 ticket.","What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?","If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If you are a utility owner and currently not a member of USA North 811, you can become a member by first filling out our membership application here:","Notify the contractor, homeowner, or ticket submitter promptly when your facilities are clear of their excavation work and they are in no danger of uncovering them","Using the appropriate amount of markings needed to identify your underground facilities while avoiding excessive markings and decorative hardscapes (decorative rock, pavers, stamped walkways, etc) at the site.","Reviewing and updating (if needed) your service area registration on a regular basis to ensure you are receiving all of the notifications you should be","Reviewing and updating (if needed) the contacts and their information listed on your membership account on a regular basis to ensure contractors, homeowners, and USA North 811 knows who to get in touch with when there is a question or issue","Notify USA North 811 of any billing department changes that would impact your bill getting to the correct staff member or payment being sent on time","USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.","To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","This is the Ticket Research order form for Members of USA North 811 (utility operators that have registered buried facilities in our system). The ticket research will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent - $31 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!","A \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.","Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.","At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket here","Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.","Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.","It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.","If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click here.","Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rdparty locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.","Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our “How to Premark” instructional video\".","The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.","If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.","When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance zone and hand digging requirements, please click here for California & Nevada requirements .","USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.","Submitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig project is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the center and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the public a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground utilities.","Have you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence project, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are most likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property for that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is being done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your shared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property, and you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please email our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look and see if there are any open tickets for your address.","We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.","Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please click here.","If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: http://newtin.usan.org/newtinweb/gen_min_ts.html . If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.","The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here as well: http://usanorth811.herokuapp.c.... You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.","The utility members will use the American Public Works Association (APWA: https://www3.apwa.net/content/library/colorcc.pdf ) color code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:","USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.","The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)","The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)","For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.","Your ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket submission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your request. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you have determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you can request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on your ticket.","The depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An underground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was originally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface activity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility owners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.","To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:","I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?","If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at weboperations@usanorth811.org.","I’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?","Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your property, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for them/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your contractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work you do yourself, and not the work they are doing.","What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?","If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.","If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!"]},"parsed_md":"USA North 811 | Call 811 Before You Dig\n\nNew Ticket Size Policy effective July 1, 2021\n\n * Get A Ticket\n * Excavation Law\n * Ticket Copy\n * Utility Member Contact Lookup\n * Rant or Rave\n\nContact USAN 811:\n\n * Member Services\n * Online Services\n * Other Contacts\n\n# DIYer\n\nIf you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to\nensure you stay safe during your next project!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nWhere Do I Begin? Get A Ticket Utility Marking Code FAQ\n\n# Contractor\n\nIf you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to\nensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nGet A Ticket Law & Excavation Manual What is Electronic Positive Response FAQ\n\n# Utility Operator\n\nIf you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update\nyour member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nBecome a Utility Member Utility Member Services What is Electronic Positive\nResponse FAQ\n\n# DIYer\n\nIf you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to\nensure you stay safe during your next project!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nWhere Do I Begin? Get A Ticket Utility Marking Code FAQ\n\n# Contractor\n\nIf you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to\nensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nGet A Ticket Law & Excavation Manual What is Electronic Positive Response FAQ\n\n# Utility Operator\n\nIf you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update\nyour member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nBecome a Utility Member Utility Member Services What is Electronic Positive\nResponse FAQ\n\n## Utility Member Contact Lookup\n\n## Electronic Positive Response\n\n## Get A Copy of Your Ticket\n\n## Become an E-Ticket User\n\n## 811 Pro Online Training\n\n## Even More\n\n## Rant or Rave\n\n## Agriculture and 811 Safety\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Damage Notification\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Violation Complaint\n\n## Instructional Videos\n\n## Utility Marking Color Code & Pre-Marking Info\n\n## Project Design\n\n## WebTMS\n\n## List of Holidays\n\n## Contact Center Stats\n\n## Dirt Reports\n\n## Damage Prevention Links\n\n## What is Electronic Positive Response\n\n## Membership Application\n\n## CGA Best Practices\n\n## List of Members\n\n## Mission & History\n\n## Ticket Research Service\n\n## Annual Newsletter\n\n## Sustaining Members & Private Locators\n\n## Board of Directors & Stakeholders\n\n## Damage Prevention Partners\n\n## Privacy Policy\n\n## USA North 811 Articles & Bylaws\n\n## 811 Promotional Order Form\n\n## Upcoming Education\n\n## Agriculture and 811 Safety\n\nExcavation work in California, which includes agricultural activities, has\nrequired a “call before you dig” ticket since the 1980’s. Standard tickets are\nvalid for 28 days and can be renewed if work is ongoing. In 2017, lawmakers\ncreated an ‘Area of Continual Excavation’ (ACE) ticket that is valid for one\ncalendar year and available to farmers and certain flood control facility\noperators. The goal was to create a safe and less burdensome option from the\nnormal ticket process that complies with safe digging laws.\n\n### Whether you need an ACE ticket or a standard ticket, follow these steps:\n\n#### 1\\. Mark your work area in white\n\nDelineate your dig site in white paint, flags, stakes, whiskers, or chalk.\n\n#### 2\\. Request a ticket from USA North 811\n\nVisit www.usanorth811.org to submit your ticket online, or dial 811; available\n24 hours a day, 7 days a week (including holidays). If you are requesting an\nACE ticket, just let us know over the phone, or select the appropriate option\nwhen submitting your ticket online.\n\n#### 3\\. Wait the required time\n\nUtility owners have at least two working days, not including the day of\nnotification, to respond to your ticket by marking the site, providing\ninformation on the location of their facilities underground, or giving an ‘all\nclear’ if there are no facilities in the dig area.\n\n#### 4\\. Confirm all members have responded\n\nExcavators must confirm that ALL utility members on the ticket have responded\nbefore excavation can begin, even if the start date and time has passed\n(submitting a ‘No Response’ to the ticket will send another notification to\nthe utility owner. Call us at 811 or log into your E-Ticket account to submit\na No Response on your ticket).\n\n#### 5\\. Dig safely and respect the marks\n\nExcavators are required to use hand tools only within 24 inches on either side\nof the underground line and are responsible for the safety and protection of\nany facilities while they are exposed.\n\nACE tickets are ONLY available to farmers and flood control facilities where\nthe excavation is part of “normal business activities.” A flood control\nfacility is defined in Title 19 of the California Code of Regulations as “an\nengineered basin operated by a state or local agency, used for the temporary\nslowing and storing of storm water runoff and for which regular removal of\ndebris is required.\"\n\nFor areas of continual excavation that include or are within 10 feet of a high\npriority subsurface installation, an onsite meeting between a representative\nof the excavator and the operator of the high priority subsurface installation\nis required, and must be facilitated by using an Area of Continual Excavation\nAgreement (form below).\n\nAn onsite meeting must take place at a mutually agreed upon date and time on\nthe property where the high priority subsurface installation is present.\nRepresentatives must be authorized to enter into an agreement and be prepared\nwith all the relevant information of their respective operations.\n\nIf there are contrary understandings of the exact location of the high\npriority subsurface installation, the operator must demonstrate a conflict\nwith the area of continual excavation by providing documentation of the exact\nlocation of the facility or by exposing the facility with hand tools or vacuum\nexcavation at a mutually agreed upon date and time.\n\nIf the ACE does not contain a high priority subsurface installation and is\nmore than 10 feet away from any high priority subsurface installation, then\nthe operator or excavator may request an optional onsite meeting using the\nArea of Continual Excavation Optional Agreement (form below).\n\n### On-site meeting agreement for excavation within 10 feet of a High Priority\nline:\n\n * For Agricultural Operations: Form No. ACE Agreement 01 - Agricultural Operations (07-01-2020)\n\n * For Flood Control Facilities: Form No. ACE Agreement 02 – Flood Control Facilities (07-01-2020)\n\n### On-site meeting agreement for excavation within 5 feet of any underground\nline (optional):\n\n * For Agricultural Operations: Form No. ACE Optional Agreement 03 - Agricultural Operations (07-01-2020)\n\n * For Flood Control Facilities: Form No. ACE Optional Agreement 04 –Flood Control Facilities (07-01-2020)\n\n#### Area of Continual Excavation on the Dig Safe Board website\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Damage Notification\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Violation Complaint\n\n## Project Design\n\nIf you are not excavating within the next 14 calendar days a ticket cannot be\nsubmitted since the project is in the design phase. To acquire infrastructure\ninformation/ location for design purposes, the engineering department of each\nutility operator must be contacted. USA North 811 provides the Utility Member\nContact Lookup tool free of charge. Please use the button below to generate a\nlist of design/engineering contacts.\n\nProject Design\n\n## List of Holidays\n\nThe following is a list of Holidays recognized by California and Nevada. Both\nCalifornia and Nevada One-Call Laws do not allow Federal or State Holidays to\nbe included as part of the legal notice for the excavation notification. For\nholidays that occur on Saturdays, USA NORTH 811 will observe the holiday the\nFriday before the holiday. For holidays that occur on Sundays, they will be\nobserved on the following Monday.\n\nDate| Holidays| State| Center| Affects Legal Start Time \n---|---|---|---|--- \n01/01/2021| New Year's Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n01/18/2021| Martin Luther King Jr.| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n02/15/2021| Presidents Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n03/31/2021| Cesar Chavez Day| CA| Open| Yes \n05/31/2021| Memorial Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n07/04/2021| Independence Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n09/06/2021| Labor Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n10/11/2021| Columbus Day| CA| Open| Yes \n10/29/2021| Nevada Day| NV| Open| Yes \n11/11/2021| Veterans Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n11/25/2021| Thanksgiving Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n11/26/2021| Day After Thanksgiving| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n12/25/2021| Christmas Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n \n## Contact Center Stats\n\nLive Stats\n\n2021 KPI\n\n2021 Ticket Volume\n\n2001-2020 Ticket Volume\n\n2016-2020 Tickets by Phone Vs Tickets by Web\n\n2001-2020 Transmissions Per Ticket\n\n## Dirt Reports\n\nWelcome to the USA North 811 DIRT portal. Follow the below steps to input your\ndata for either California or Nevada. NOTE: DIRT reporting is done on an\nanonymous basis and is a tool for data collecting, not enforcement of\nexcavation law. All personal information for the individual entering the\nreport will be removed.\n\nIf you are trying to input DIRT data for California only, please click the\nlink below to submit your report to the California DIRT Page: (NOTE: When you\nsubmit your data through the CA DIRT portal, a report will also be transmitted\nto the National DIRT program as well fulfilling any National reporting\nrequirements you might have)\n\nCA DIRT REPORTING\n\nor click the link below to download and print out a copy of the CA DIRT form\nfor use in the field:\n\nCA Facility Event Form\n\nIf you are trying to input DIRT data for Nevada only, please click the link\nbelow to submit your report to the National CGA DIRT Page:\n\nNV Dirt Reporting\n\nView Previous California DIRT Reports\n\n## Damage Prevention Links\n\nCommon Ground Alliance (CGA)\n\nCalifornia Regional Common Ground Alliance\n\nNevada Regional Common Ground Alliance (NRCGA)\n\nUSA South (Dig Alert)\n\nCGA Best Practices\n\nPHMSA Stakeholder Communications Toolbox\n\n## What is Electronic Positive Response\n\n## Membership Application\n\nFor more information on becoming a member of USA North 811, fill out the form\nbelow!!\n\n## CGA Best Practices\n\n## List of Members\n\nCalifornia\n\nNevada\n\n## Mission & History\n\nMission Statement\n\nTo cultivate public safety and damage prevention by creating cohesive lines of\ncommunication between excavators and utility operators. Our vision of\ntransparency and fluidity is streamlined by exceptional customer service and\npublic education. We aim to surpass One Call industry best practice standards\nand inspire inclusive participation from stakeholders.\n\nHistory\n\nUSA North 811 began operation in May of 1975 & incorporated as a 501 (c)(6)\nNon-Profit Mutual Benefit Corporation in 1986. Our objective is to receive\nplanned excavation reports from public or private excavators and to transmit\nthose planned excavation reports to all participating utility members of USA\nNorth 811 who may have facilities in and around that excavation site. Our\nmembers will either: 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility,\n2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the\nexcavator of clearance, for facilities that they own.\n\n## Ticket Research Service\n\nPlease select a Ticket Research option below\n\nStandard Ticket Research\n\nTicket Research for Utility Members of USA North 811\n\nTicket Research for Subpoena use\n\n## Annual Newsletter\n\n2020 Newsletter\n\n2019 Newsletter\n\n2018 Newsletter\n\n## Sustaining Members & Private Locators\n\n# Sustaining Members\n\nCentral California Irrigation District\n\nLos Banos, CA - 209-826-1421\n\nM & M Electric\n\nSacramento, CA 916-929-0150\n\nThe Don Chapin Company Inc.\n\nSalinas, CA 831-444-4191\n\nUnderground Construction Company Inc\n\nBenicia, CA 707-746-8800\n\nWattis Construction Company Inc.\n\nSan Jose, CA 408-293-3669\n\n# Private Locators\n\nGlobal Utility Tracking System\n\nCourtland, CA 209-993-2700\n\nInstrument Technology Corp\n\nSebastopol, CA 800-519-1998\n\nPacific Coast Locators\n\nLa Crescenta, CA 818-249-7700\n\nSubtronic Corporation\n\nMartinez, CA 925-228-8771\n\nUnderground Utility Detection Services\n\nCrescent City, CA 707-954-4164\n\n## Board of Directors & Stakeholders\n\n## Damage Prevention Partners\n\nCalifornia Regional Common Ground Alliance\n\nThe California Regional Common Ground Alliance (CARCGA) is a 501(c)(6) non-\nprofit mutual benefit corporation dedicated to ensuring public safety,\nenvironmental protection, and integrity of underground services in California.\nCARCGA is a Regional Partner of the Common Ground Alliance (CGA). Through the\neffective promotion of CGA’s damage prevention best practices, CARGCA boasts\nparticipation from a variety of stakeholders including but not limited to\nutility operators and professional excavators.\n\nCommon Ground Alliance\n\nCGA is a member-driven association of 1,700 individuals, organizations and\nsponsors in every facet of the underground utility industry. Established in\n2000, CGA is committed to saving lives and preventing damage to underground\ninfrastructure by promoting effective damage prevention practices. CGA has\nestablished itself as the leading organization in an effort to reduce damages\nto underground facilities in North America through shared responsibility among\nall stakeholders.\n\nNevada Regional Common Ground Alliance\n\nThe Nevada Regional Common Ground Alliance is open to any individual,\norganization, municipality or corporation interested in the promotion of\nunderground damage prevention in the state of Nevada. The NRCGA provides a\nforum for members and non-members to exchange information and ideas at monthly\nmeetings, offers free excavator training on damage prevention and Nevada\nexcavation law, and holds events throughout the year to educate homeowners and\nexcavators about the importance of calling 811 before beginning any digging\nproject.\n\nNICE inContact\n\nNICE InContact is our latest technology partner that will be providing our\nContact Center with a state of the art customer service phone system that will\nbe available before 2020.\n\nNorfield\n\nNorfield is a member-owned technology organization, consisting of notification\ncenters for California (Northern and Southern), Colorado, Illinois, Michigan,\nNevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Utah, and Virginia, who collectively process\nover ten million incoming excavation notification requests annually.\n\nWebTMS\n\nWebTMS is a multi-center, web-based One Call Ticket Management System for\nreceiving locate request tickets, managing locator workflow and assignments,\ntransmitting positive responses back to the originating One Call Center,\ntransmitting notifications to excavators, and providing metrics for managers\nto effectively manage their locate teams and response times. USA North 811\noffers utility operators this ticket management solution free of charge.\n\n## Privacy Policy\n\n * INTRODUCTION\n\nAGREEMENT AND PARTIES. Underground Service Alert of Northern California and\nNevada (\"USA North,\" \"us,\" or \"we\") respects the privacy of the visitors to\nthe USA North website (collectively \"website\" or \"site\"). This privacy policy\n(\"privacy policy\" or \"policy\") is an agreement between USA North and you, as\nthe user of the USA North website (\"you\"). This agreement tells you when this\npolicy is effective, what information we collect from you, how we might use\nit, how you can review or change the personal information you provided to us,\nand how we may change this policy. We encourage users to read this policy\nprior to accessing the features of the site.\n\n * AGREEMENT TO TERMS OF PRIVACY POLICY AND TERMS OF USE\n\nAGREEMENT TO TERMS. All activities in which you may engage on this website are\nvoluntary. You are not required to provide any personal information to us\nunless you choose to access features on this site which require the\ninformation. If you do not agree with the terms of this policy or other terms\nof use on this website, then you should immediately exit this website and\ndiscontinue using the site. If you do not agree with the terms of our privacy\npolicy, please do not provide us with any personal information and leave this\nwebsite. By using the USA North website, you signify that you agree to the\nterms of this privacy policy.\n\n * EFFECTIVE DATE OF AND CHANGES TO PRIVACY POLICY EFFECTIVE DATES.\n\nThis privacy policy is effective as of June 7, 2019, and will remain in effect\nexcept with respect to any of its provisions that are changed in the future,\nin which case the changes will become effective on the date they are posted on\nthe website or we otherwise notify you of the changes. We reserve the right to\nchange this privacy policy at any time. Changes, modifications, additions, or\ndeletions will be effective immediately upon their posting to this site. You\nshould check this policy periodically as its terms may change from time to\ntime. Your continued use of the site after we post any such modifications will\nconstitute your acknowledgement of the modified policy and your agreement to\nabide and be bound by the modified policy. We will also revise the \"last\nupdated\" date found at the beginning of this privacy policy when we post\nchanges to it.\n\n * POLICY APPLICABLE TO ONLINE ACTIVITIES ONLY DISCLAIMERS.\n\nThe privacy policy does not extend to anything that is inherent in the\noperation of the Internet, and therefore beyond USA North's control, and is\nnot to be applied in any manner contrary to applicable law or governmental\nregulation. This online privacy policy only applies to information collected\nthrough this site. This privacy policy does not apply to any information we\nmay collect from you in any place other than this website.\n\n * PERSONAL INFORMATION WE MAY COLLECT\n\nTYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. We may ask you for certain information\nreferred to as \"personal information,\" which includes information that\npertains to your identity. Such information may include, but is not limited\nto, items such as your name, company affiliation, address, e-mail address, and\ntelephone number. You may be required to provide personal information to\naccess or use certain parts of our website or features of the site. If you do\nnot provide the requested personal information, you may not be able to access\nor use the features of the site where such information is requested.\n\n * PERSONAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOU\n\nUSE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION. We will primarily use the personal information we\nreceive from you to provide services to you, including, but not limited to,\nthe following: A. To administer and fulfil the purpose of the USA North\nprogram. B. To send surveys to you about our service to better understand your\ninterests and needs, so we can improve our services. If you no longer wish to\nreceive any e-mails from us you may opt out (see Section 12).\n\nC. To send alerts to you about our service, updates, changes, and outages. If\nyou no longer wish to receive any SMS messages from us you may opt out (see\nSection 12 and 13).\n\n * GENERAL INFORMATION WE MAY COLLECT\n\nTYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. There may be other instances in which we\ncollect information from you that is more general in nature (\"general\ninformation\"). Such information may include your Internet Protocol (IP)\naddress, which enables us to identify your computer or device on a\nTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network, which\nincludes the World Wide Web. Your computer has an IP address, which is\nrequired in order for you to communicate with others via the Internet. Such\ngeneral information, including cookies, as mentioned below, may be collected\nfrom you whenever you access the site, whether or not you provide us with any\npersonal information.\n\n7.1. Click Stream Data\n\nWhen you visit our website we may also collect \"click stream data\" (server\naddress, domain name). This information can be combined with information you\nhave provided to us by registering, for example, which will enable us to\nanalyze and better customize your visits. We may use click stream data for\ntraffic analysis of our website to determine which features of our site are\nmost or least effective or useful to you.\n\n7.2. Cookies\n\nWe may also use cookies to gather information about your visits to our website\nand enhance your experience. More information on how we use cookies is\navailable in the section \"Use of Cookies.\"\n\n7.3. How We Respond to \"Do Not Track\" Disclosures\n\nWe are strongly committed to not sharing nonpublic information with third\nparties. Under this Privacy Policy, we may share your information only under\nparticular situations, as described in this Policy. Because we protect all\nusers in this manner, we do not change our behavior in response to a web\nbrowser's \"do not track\" signal.\n\n * PROTECTION OF YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION AND GENERAL INFORMATION RISK OF INTERCEPTION.\n\nPlease keep in mind that whenever you give out personal information online\nthere is a risk that third parties may intercept and use that information.\nWhile USA North strives to protect your personal information and privacy, we\ncannot guarantee the security of any information you disclose online. By using\nthis site, you expressly acknowledge and agree that we do not guarantee the\nsecurity of any data provided to or received by us through this site and that\nany personal information, general information, or other data or information\nreceived from you through the site is provided to us at your own risk, which\nyou expressly assume.\n\n * NO USE OF THIS SITE BY PERSONS UNDER 18 PERMITTED\n\n9.1. Registration Declined\n\nUSA North intends only persons who are 18 years or older to use this website.\nPersonal registration information submitted by and pertaining to a person\nunder the age of 18 will not be accepted. Any general information provided by\nand pertaining to a person under the age of 18 and gathered (for example,\nthrough the use of cookies) during his or her visit may be used as indicated\nin this policy (see Section 7). USA North is committed to protecting the\nprivacy of children and has no intention of collecting personal data from\nchildren under the age of 18. We encourage parents and guardians of children\nunder 18 to regularly check and monitor their children's use of e-mail and\nother activities online.\n\n9.2. Notice Concerning Children\n\nPLEASE NOTE: We are a general audience site, and do not direct any of our\ncontent specifically at children under 13 years of age. We understand and are\ncommitted to respecting the sensitive nature of children's privacy online. If\nwe learn or have reason to suspect that a site user is under age 13, we will\npromptly delete any personal information in that user's account.\n\n * THIRD PARTIES\n\n10.1. Disclosing Information to Third Parties\n\nWHO MAY HAVE ACCESS TO YOUR INFORMATION. USA North is comprised of various\nparticipating members who opt to become members of USA North and who own or\noperate any underground facilities in the area served by USA North. We provide\nour services through member agreements with participating members. The\nparticipating members carry or transport materials including, but not limited\nto, water, gas, oil, fuel, and sewage, and/or conduit used for electric,\ntelephone, or other services. USA North provides personal information to its\nparticipating members for the purpose of providing services. Our participating\nmembers may use your personal information for the purpose of carrying out the\nwork as agreed with us.\n\nIn addition to members, USA North provides information to the California\nUnderground Facilities Safe Excavation Board (Dig Safe Board) for purposes of\ncompliance with and effectuating the purpose of California Government Code\n4216 et seq.\n\nOur sole purpose in providing personal information to the participating\nmembers is for use by the participating members in providing services related\nto their membership and the USA North program as contemplated by California\nGovernment Code 4216 et. seq. Any other use by participating members is\nneither intended nor authorized by USA North. The participating members may\nhave adopted individual privacy policies. However, the use of your personal\ninformation by participating members is governed by the privacy policies of\nthose participating members and is not subject to our control. Other than to\nparticipating members for the purposes set out above, and except as described\nin this policy, we do not sell, trade, or otherwise transfer your personal\ninformation or general information to third parties without informing you in\nadvance.\n\n10.2. Security\n\nRELEASE OF INFORMATION. USA North will release personal or general information\nwithout your consent for security purposes, when required by law, or to\nprevent imminent harm to any person or entity. We will disclose personal or\ngeneral information upon receipt of a court order or subpoena, or to cooperate\nwith a law enforcement investigation, which may include responding to requests\nand court orders from jurisdictions outside the United States. We fully\ncooperate with law enforcement agencies in identifying those who use our\nservices for illegal activities. We reserve the right to report to law\nenforcement agencies any activities that we in good faith believe to be\nunlawful, as determined in our sole discretion. Release of your personal data\nfor security purposes, as described in this agreement to any person or entity\nunder any circumstances shall be based on a determination made solely by us,\nexercising our own discretion, permission for which is expressly granted by\nyou to us in accordance with this policy.\n\n10.4. Links to Third Parties\n\nPURPOSE OF LINKS. For your convenience and to improve the usage of the website\nwe may insert links to third parties on this site. This privacy policy does\nnot apply to such third-party websites. These links take you outside our\nservice and off the USA North's site and are beyond our control. This includes\nlinks from partners that may use USA North's logos as part of a co-branding\nagreement. The sites those links can take you to have their own separate\nprivacy policies, and although we seek to protect the integrity of our site,\nUSA North is not liable for the content and activities of those sites. Your\nvisits and access to such websites is at your own risk. Please note that those\nother sites may send their own cookies to users, collect data, or solicit\npersonal information.\n\n * AUTOMATIC COLLECTION\n\nCOOKIES. A cookie is a small string of information that the website you visit\ntransfers to your computer for identification purposes. Cookies can be used to\nfollow your activity on the website which can help to improve your website\nexperience. Cookies are used for such activities as remembering your user name\nand password, if you use such a feature on this site. If you prefer not to\nreceive cookies, you may opt not to receive them. You can also have your\ncomputer warn you whenever cookies are being used. For both options you must\nadjust your browser (such as Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Internet Explorer, or\nother browser) settings. There are also software products available that can\nmanage cookies for you. Please be aware, however, that when you choose to\nreject cookies, this choice may limit the functionality of the website you\nvisit and you may lose access to some of its features.\n\n * DELETING OR MODIFYING PERSONAL INFORMATION\n\nCHANGING YOUR INFORMATION. You may opt out, delete, or modify your personal\ninformation associated with a specific user account, by visiting our website\nor by contacting us by telephone at 811. We encourage you promptly to update\nyour personal information when it changes. However, personal information\nsubmitted in association with a submitted USA North ticket will remain on the\nticket and will be maintained by USA North for purposes of its own\nrecordkeeping responsibilities and for purposes of operating its business.\n\n * SMS TERMS AND CONDITIONS\n\nPlease read these terms and conditions carefully. By opting-in to the text\nmessaging programs, you expressly consent to receive non-marketing and\nmarketing text messages from USA North 811 and others texting on its behalf,\nincluding text messages made with an autodialer, at the telephone number(s)\nthat you provide. You may opt-out of these communications at any time, and\nconsent to receive marketing text messages is not required to purchase any\ngoods or services.\n\nPROGRAM DESCRIPTION. USA North and its service providers may use an automatic\ntelephone dialing system (“autodialer”) to deliver USA North text messages to\nyou. USA North text messages are intended to provide you with updates and\ninformation including service outages, event notifications, service or system\nupgrades, local and state law updates, and other important 811 information.\n\nMESSAGE FREQUENCY. The number of text messages that you receive will vary\ndepending on how many of USA North’s text messaging programs for which you\nsign up to receive messages. You will receive a maximum of one hundred\nmessages per month.\n\nCOST. Message and data rates may apply to each text message sent or received\nin connection with text messages, as provided in your mobile telephone service\nrate plan (please contact your mobile telephone carrier for pricing plans), in\naddition to any applicable roaming charges. USA North does not impose a\nseparate fee for sending text messages.\n\nSUPPORTED CARRIERS. Supported carriers may change from time to time, but\ncurrently include AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, among others.\n\nHOW TO OPT-IN. To opt-in to receive text messages from USA North text\nmessaging program(s), please follow the instructions provided. By opting-in,\nyou are agreeing to the following statement: “I agree to receive\nmarketing/autodialed text messages from USA North 811 at the mobile number I\nhave provided. Consent is not required to purchase goods or services.”\n\nHOW TO OPT-OUT. To stop receiving text messages from the USA North text\nmessaging program, text STOP to the five digit short code for the text\nmessaging program from which you no longer wish to receive message (i.e., the\nfive digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You will then\nreceive confirmation of your opt-out of that text messaging program.\n\nPRIVACY POLICY TERMS & CONDITIONS. Please go to\nwww.usanorth811.org/services/privacypol... to view our privacy policy and\nterms & conditions.\n\nHELP. To request more information, text HELP to the five-digit short code for\nthe text messaging program about which you have questions (i.e., the five\ndigit number from which its text messages are being sent). You may also\nreceive help by visiting the “contact us” page of our website\nwww.usanorth811.org.\n\n * QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS\n\nCONTACT INFORMATION. If you have any questions or comments relating to our\nwebsite or the privacy policy, contact us by telephone at (800) 640-5137.\n\n## USA North 811 Articles & Bylaws\n\n## 811 Promotional Order Form\n\n## Upcoming Education\n\n * ## USA North 811\n\n * Phone: 811 // 800-642-2444\n * 4005 Port Chicago Hwy, Suite 100 Concord, CA 94520-1122\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Get A Copy of Your Ticket\n\nSelect one of the following options below if you already created a Dig Ticket\nwith us.\n\nI Have My Ticket\n\nI Don't Have My Ticket\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Rant or Rave\n\nFeedback is good and sometimes it’s the only thing that causes change. Let us\nknow if we are excelling in a certain area of our service or if we are failing\nto meet your expectations. Either way, we want to hear about it! Please Rant\nor Rave in the section below.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Instructional Videos\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Utility Marking Color Code & Pre-Marking Info\n\nPre-Marking Best Practices\n\nCommon Abbreviations\n\nGuidelines for Utility Operator Markings\n\nHow to Pre-Mark Video\n\nHow to Pre-Mark Video (En Español)\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Welcome to USA North 811 Member Services. Please choose an option below.\n\nUpdate Contacts and Service Area Through Our Member Portal\n\nWebTMS\n\nE-Ticket Login / Sign Up\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## WebTMS\n\nWebTMS Login\n\nWebTMS Sign Up\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## WebTMS\n\nWebTMS is an online ticket management program offered to USA North 811\nmembers.\n\nFeatures:\n\n * WebTMS can send your text or voice responses for you.\n * Paperless ticket management. WebTMS is a paperless alternative to managing your tickets.\n * Ticket Archiving – WebTMS will automatically store all of your tickets for easy reference or storage.\n * Maps – WebTMS will display the map created by the USA Customer Service Representative (CSR).\n * Ticket History – retrieve tickets with complete processing histories.\n * Reports – WebTMS provides several printable reports that can be exported into many formats.\n\nFor more information please submit the following\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Excavation Law\n\n# Select your state:\n\nCalifornia\n\nNevada\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nJoin the E-Ticket Program Today!\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program\n\nE-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## CA - Electronic Positive Response Codes\n\n1| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT \n---|--- \n2| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT BUT PRIVATELY OWNED UTILITY ON PROPERTY - CONTACT\nPRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE \n3| EXISTING MARKINGS ADEQUATE \n4| NO MARKINGS REQUESTED \n10| LOCATE AREA MARKED \n11| LOCATE AREA MARKED BUT ABANDONED FACILITIES MAY BE IN THE AREA \n12| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE OWNED UTILITY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY\nOWNER FOR LOCATE \n13| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE PROPERTY \n14| PARTIALLY MARKED - MORE TIME IS NEEDED \n15| PROVIDED FACILITY LOCATION INFORMATION TO EXCAVATOR (4216.3(a)(1)(A)(ii) \n20| BAD ADDRESS/INCORRECT STREET/LOCATION INFO - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n21| NO ACCESS TO LOCATE AREA - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n22| NO DELINEATION - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n23| DELINEATED AREA DOES NOT MATCH LOCATION REQUEST - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n30| CONTACT FACILITY OWNER FOR FURTHER INFO \n31| REQUIRES STAND BY AT TIME OF EXCAVATION - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER \n32| VISIBLE OR EXPOSED FACILITY - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER IF CROSSING \n33| HIGH PRIORITY LINE IN AREA - ON SITE MEETING REQUIRED \n34| FIELD MEET REQUIRED - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER TO SCHEDULE \n35| TRAFFIC CONTROL REQUIRED TO MARK FACILITIES \n40| EXCAVATOR COMPLETED WORK PRIOR TO DUE DATE \n41| EXCAVATOR NO SHOW FOR MEET \n42| EXCAVATOR CANCELED REQUES \n43| EXCAVATOR NOT DIGGING WITHIN 14 CALENDAR DAYS (PREPLANNING) \n50| NEGOTIATED MARKING SCHEDULE \n51| MUTUALLY AGREED TO A LATER START DATE AND TIME (4216.3(a)(1)(a)) \n52| UNABLE TO LOCATE USING STANDARD LOCATING TECHNIQUES \n53| SCHEDULED MEET WITH EXCAVATOR AT REQUESTED DATE AND TIME CONFIRMED \n80| EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES EXIST - NO LOCATE DUE TO WEATHER/EMERGENCY\nCONDITION \n990|\n\nMember has been granted an extension from the EPR requirement by the Board as\ndefined in 4216 through 12/31/2021 \n \n---|--- \n999|\n\nMember did not respond by required time (system use only) \n \n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## List of Members - Nevada\n\nNEVADA MEMBERS (202)\n\nAlamo Power District #3\n\nAlamo Sewer & Water General Improvement District\n\nAmerican Pacific Corporation\n\nAmerigas - Hawthorne / Tonopah\n\nAmeriGas Propane - Carson City\n\nAmerigas Propane 5196\n\nAmerigas Sparks\n\nAT&T Nevada\n\nB-PVL1, LLC\n\nBaja Broadband - Mesquite\n\nBaker Water & Sewer General Improvement District\n\nBasic Water Company\n\nBattle Mountain Water & Sewer Department\n\nBeatty Water & Sanitation District\n\nBeehive Telephone Company\n\nBi-State Propane - Gardnerville\n\nBig Bend Water District\n\nBlue Diamond Water Cooperative Inc\n\nCalifornia Broadband Cooperative Nevada\n\nCalNev Pipe Line Nevada\n\nCalNeva Broadband Nevada\n\nCanyon General Improvement District\n\nCarefree Mobile Home Park\n\nCC Communications\n\nCentraCom Interactive\n\nCentraCom Interactive II\n\nCentral Telephone Company dba CenturyLink\n\nCentury Telephone of the Gem State - Nevada\n\nCharter Communications - Nevada\n\nCity of Boulder City\n\nCity of Caliente\n\nCity of Carlin\n\nCity of Carson City Public Works\n\nCity of Elko\n\nCity of Ely Public Works District\n\nCity of Fallon\n\nCity of Fernley\n\nCity of Henderson\n\nCity of Las Vegas\n\nCity of Lovelock\n\nCity of Mesquite\n\nCity of North Las Vegas\n\nCity of Reno Corporate Yard\n\nCity of Sparks\n\nCity of Wells\n\nCity of West Wendover\n\nCity of Winnemucca\n\nCity of Yerington\n\nClark County Department of Public Works\n\nClark County Water Reclamation District\n\nColorado Interstate Gas California\n\nColorado Interstate Gas Company Nevada\n\nColorado River Commission of Nevada\n\nCounty of Churchill\n\nCounty of Douglas\n\nCounty of Elko\n\nCounty of Eureka\n\nCounty of Lander Road & Bridges\n\nCounty of Pershing\n\nCounty of Washoe - Utility Division\n\nCox Communications Nevada\n\nCrown Castle Nevada\n\nDesert Utility Inc\n\nDouglas County Sewer Improvement District #1\n\nEastland Heights Water Association\n\nEdgewood Water Company\n\nElectric Lightwave Inc Nevada\n\nElk Point Country Club\n\nElko Heat Company\n\nEmpire Mining Company, LLC\n\nEnvirogen Technologies Nevada\n\nEquestrian Estates Homeowners Association\n\nEsmeralda County Public Works\n\nEureka County School District\n\nExtenet Systems, Inc. Nevada\n\nFiler Mutual Telephone Company\n\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company - Nevada\n\nGardnerville Ranchos General Improvement District\n\nGardnerville Water Company\n\nGBIS Communications, LLC\n\nGerlach General Improvement District\n\nGlenbrook Water Cooperative\n\nGolconda Water General Improvement District\n\nGold Country Water Company\n\nGrand View Terrace General Improvement District\n\nHarney Electric Cooperative\n\nHawthorne Utility\n\nHillcrest Manor Water Users Association\n\nHumboldt County Rural Districts of Paradise Valley, Orovada and McDermitt\n\nHumboldt Telephone Company\n\nIncline Village General Improvement District\n\nIndian Hills General Improvement District\n\nIndian Springs Water Company\n\nKern River Gas Transmission Nevada\n\nKinder Morgan / SFPP Nevada\n\nKingsbury General Improvement District\n\nKingston Town Water Utility\n\nLander County Sewer & Water General Improvement District #2\n\nLas Vegas Valley Water District\n\nLevel 3 Communications Nevada\n\nLincoln County Power District #1\n\nLincoln County Telephone Systems Inc\n\nLovelock Meadows Water District\n\nLyon County Utility\n\nMcGill-Ruth Sewer & Water General Improvement District\n\nMCI WorldCom Nevada\n\nMidas Water Cooperative\n\nMina/Luning Water Systems\n\nMinden-Gardnerville Sanitary District\n\nMoapa Valley Telephone Company\n\nMoapa Valley Water District\n\nMobilitie, LLC\n\nMount Wheeler Power Inc.\n\nMt Charleston Water Company\n\nMuddy Valley Irrigation Company\n\nNevada Bell\n\nNevada Environmental Response Trust\n\nNevada Geothermal Utility Company\n\nNewmont Gold Company\n\nNV Energy - Northern Nevada\n\nNV Energy - Southern Nevada\n\nNye County Public Works\n\nOld River Water Company\n\nOverton Power District #5\n\nPahrump Utility Company\n\nPaiute Pipeline Company\n\nPanaca Farmstead Association\n\nParr - Reno Water Company\n\nPioche Public Utilities\n\nPleasant Valley Mobile Home Community\n\nPlumas-Sierra Telecommuniations Nevada\n\nPro-Flame Gas Company\n\nPropane of Wendover Inc\n\nProspector Pipeline Company\n\nQwest Communications - Nevada\n\nRaft River Electrict\n\nRainbow Cable\n\nRancho Cooperative Water Company\n\nReno Cascade Mobile Home Park\n\nRio Virgin Telephone Company\n\nRound Hill General Improvement District\n\nRound Mountain Public Utilites\n\nRural Telephone Company\n\nRyze Renewables Reno, LLC\n\nSaguaro Power Company\n\nSatview Broadband - Elko\n\nSatview Broadband LTD Nevada\n\nSierra Estates General Improvement District\n\nSilver Knolls Mutual Water Company\n\nSilver Springs General Improvement District\n\nSilver Springs Water Company\n\nSky Ranch Estates Owners Association, Inc\n\nSOC Hawthorne Division\n\nSouthern Nevada Water Authority\n\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - Northern Nevada\n\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - Southern Nevada\n\nSPB Utility Services, Inc.\n\nSpirit Mountain Utility Co. Inc.\n\nSpring Creek Utilities\n\nSprint - Nevada\n\nStagecoach General Improvement District\n\nStar City Property Owners Assoc\n\nState of Nevada Department of Admin/Ent/Info/Tech/Serv\n\nSteamboat Springs Water Works Inc\n\nStorey County Public Works\n\nSuburban Propane-Ely\n\nSuddenlink Communications - Nevada\n\nSun Valley Water & Sanitation District\n\nSunrise Acres Water Association\n\nSurprise Valley Electrification Corp - Nevada\n\nSwissport Fueling of Nevada, Inc.\n\nSWITCH LTD.\n\nSWITCH Business Solutions Owned by SWITCH LTD\n\nTahoe Reno Industrial Center /TRI-GID\n\nTahoe-Douglas District\n\nTeam Fishel\n\nTelecommunications of Nevada LLC dba XO Communications\n\nThe Boeing Company\n\nThree Crowns Mobile Manor\n\nTIMET - Titanium Metals Corporation\n\nTopaz Ranch Estates Water Company\n\nTown of Gardnerville\n\nTown of Minden\n\nTrout Gulch Mutual Water Corporation\n\nTruckee Sanitary District\n\nUNEV Pipeline LLC\n\nUniversity of Nevada Reno\n\nUSA Media Group-Reno\n\nUtilities Inc of Central Nevada\n\nUtilities Inc of Nevada\n\nValley Electric Association Inc Nevada\n\nVerdi Meadows Utility Company\n\nVerdi Mutual Water Company\n\nViasat, Inc. Nevada\n\nVirgin Valley Water District\n\nWalker Lake Water General Improvement District\n\nWebb Mobile Home Park LLC\n\nWells Rural Electric Company\n\nWesco Operating, Inc.\n\nWesPac Pipelines Ltd\n\nWestern States Propane\n\nZAYO\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Design Research Form – Non Member\n\nThis is the Design Research order form for Non Members of USA North 811\n(Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc).\n\nResearch results will be sent to you within 2 weeks after receipt of payment.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Ticket Research Form – Non Member\n\nThis is the Ticket Research order form for non-members of USA North 811\n(Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc). The ticket research will cover a\n28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found.\nAdditional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard\nresearch window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will\nbe processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent\n- $30 Check Payment or $32 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of\nresearch time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional\ncharge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\nPlease fill out the information below and hit submit. Our Online Services\ndepartment will be in touch with you shortly regarding your account.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## E-Ticket Access Form\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Design Inquiry Sign Up\n\nDesign Inquiry Membership: The Design Inquiry Membership provides participants\nwith 24/7 access to USA North’s online engineering contact information inquiry\nprogram. The resulting inquiries provide the participant with a list of the\nengineering contact information for each USA North member who may have\nfacilities at the designated design site, in order to expedite their design\nprocess.\n\nUsing the USA North member engineering contact information, you will be able\nto contact each USA North Member identified, and request that they provide you\nwith their underground facility as-built drawings, red-line their facilities\non your design drawings, and/or discuss your design work with them.\n\nImportant information:\n\nYour unique user name and password must be kept secure at all times. Sharing\nit with others will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry\nMembership\n\nThe Design Inquiry Member assumes total responsibility for selecting a correct\nand accurate design site USA North will only display USA North members who\nindicate that they may have underground facilities at the design site at the\ntime and date that the design inquiry is submitted. Each design inquiry is\ntime and date stamped for this purpose. It is the responsibility of the Design\nInquiry Member to contact any non-USA North facility owners at the design\nsite.\n\nSharing the USA North Design Inquiry engineering contact information with\naffiliate organizations or other 3rd party entities will result in immediate\ntermination of your Design Inquiry Membership.\n\nDesign Inquiry Members agree to hold USA North harmless against any and all\nclaims arising out of the design site that they entered. Annual Design Inquiry\nMembership Fee for non-USA North members – $132.00 annually\n\nIncludes 1 user name and password per company Affiliate organizations are\nrequired to have their own Design Inquiry Membership Additional intra-company\nDesign Inquiry memberships – $30.00 annually To become a Design Inquiry member\nor to find out more information, please complete the following\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## NV - Electronic Positive Response Codes\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Positive Response Sign Up\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Excavation Law California\n\n# Select an option below\n\nEXCAVATION LAW\n\nCALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS - TITLE 19\n\nEXCAVATION LAW - PDF\n\nEXCAVATION HANDBOOK - PDF\n\nLEYES DE EXCAVACIÓN - PDF\n\nMANUAL DE EXCAVACIÓN - PDF\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Excavation Law Nevada\n\n# Select Language\n\nEnglish\n\nEspañol\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Utility Operator FAQs\n\nHow much does it cost to become a member? There is a $150 annual flat rate fee\nwhich is prorated based off when you membership becomes active. The flat rate\nfee get you the first 200 tickets free. Any tickets you receive over the 200\nwill then be billed according to what percentage that is compared to all\nbillable tickets by all members divided by the approved budget.\n\nWhy am I required to be a member? 4216.1. Every operator of a subsurface\ninstallation, except the Department of Transportation, shall become a member\nof, participate in, and share in the costs of, a regional notification center.\nOperators of subsurface installations who are members of, participate in, and\nshare in, the costs of a regional notification center, including, but not\nlimited to, the Underground Service Alert—Northern California or the\nUnderground Service Alert—Southern California are in compliance with this\nsection and Section 4216.9. A regional USA North 811 Overview CGA Best\nPractices - Appendix B CA Government Code 4216 36 notification center shall\nnot charge a fee to a person for notifying the regional notification center to\nobtain a ticket or to renew a ticket. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 809, Sec.\n3. Effective January 1, 2017.)\n\nHow do I update my company contact info? To update your company contact info\nplease fill out the form at the link below. If you have questions regarding\nthis please send them to memberservices@usanorth811.org\n\nCompany Contact Info Update Form\n\nHow to I update my service area? There are 2 ways you can update your service\narea. The first and easiest option is by using shape files. If you have shape\nfiles for your service area then please send them over to\nmemberservices@usanorth811.org. The second option is to use our polygon\nmaintenance editor using the link below. This option requires you to have\nlogin credentials first. If you don’t have credentials and are not listed on\nthe membership already then your company representative will have to give\npermissions first before we can create those for you. Polygon editor program:\nnewtin.usan.org\n\nHow do I respond to tickets I receive? In response to the receipt of planned\nexcavation reports our members will either 1) mark or stake the horizontal\npath of their facility; 2) provide information about the location of their\nfacility, or 3) advise the excavator about the clearance, of facilities that\nthey own, operate, and/or maintain.\n\nWhat is Electronic Positive Response? Electronic Positive Response (+Res or\nPosRes) is a system that encourages communication from member utility\ncompanies to USA North 811; notifying us of the status of the ticket or the\nmethod they chose to respond to a ticket. Excavation law in California and\nNevada already requires that all utility members respond to every request they\nreceive by either marking the site, notifying the excavator that the site is\nclear of their facilities, or providing information to the excavator regarding\nthe location of the facilities (i.e. maps, drawings, etc.). Electronic\nPositive Response goes one step further by allowing the utility member to then\nnotify USA North 811 how they chose to respond to the ticket. USA North 811\nwill then publish these responses online allowing contractors, excavators, and\nhomeowners in California and Nevada the ability to check the status of\nresponses to their ticket request online 24×7. At this time, electronic\npositive response is voluntary in both California and Nevada. Therefore you\nmay not always see an electronic positive response from all utility members\nposted online. Please make sure and do your due diligence in tracking\nresponses from the utility members on your ticket request. You need to ensure\nthat you have received a response from all utility members on your ticket\nbefore proceeding with your digging project. For more information regarding\nelectronic positive response, go online to www.USANorth811.org/posres\n\nWhat is WebTMS? WebTMS is our ticket management program that is offered all of\nour members to help them respond and manage any tickets they receive. If\ninterested, below is a link to our WebTMS sign up form. WebTMS is for our\nutility members only and will not benefit contractors. WebTMS Sign up form:\nhttp://usanorth811.org/webtms-information-request/\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## List of Members - California\n\nCALIFORNIA MEMBERS (1292)\n\n260 Resource Management LLC\n\nA.F.P. Mutual Water Company\n\nAA Production Services\n\nABA Energy Corporation\n\nAdams Springs Water District\n\nAera Energy LLC\n\nAera Energy LLC - Oil\n\nAera Energy LLC - Water\n\nAFBCA-McClellan Air Force Base\n\nAgate Bay Water Company\n\nAHTNA Engineering Services\n\nAHTNA Environmental, Inc.\n\nAhwahnee Maintenance District 46\n\nAir Force Real Property Agency - Mather\n\nAir Products Manufacturing Company\n\nAircraft Services International Inc.\n\nAlameda County Flood Control-Zone 7 - Del Valle Water Treatment Plant\n\nAlameda County Water District\n\nAlco Water\n\nAllensworth Community Services District\n\nAlluvial / Fancher Waste Water District #42\n\nAlmonte Sanitary District\n\nAlon Bakersfield Property Inc\n\nAlpaugh Community Services District\n\nAlpine Meadow Community Supported Agriculture #13\n\nAlpine Natural Gas\n\nAlpine Springs County Water District\n\nAlto Sanitary District\n\nAmador Regional Sanitation Authority\n\nAmador Water Agency\n\nAMEC\n\nAmerican Valley Community Services District\n\nAmerican Water Service - East Palo Alto\n\nAmerican Yeast Corporation\n\nAmerigas - Concord 0125\n\nAmerigas - Lakeport\n\nAmeriGas - Redding\n\nAmeriGas Propane\n\nAmerigas Propane - 1031\n\nAmerigas Propane - Dist 0071\n\nAmerigas Propane - Walker / Bridgeport\n\nAmeriGas-Mammoth Lakes\n\nAmeriGas-Susanville\n\nAnacapa Oil Corporation C/O Dos Rios Inc.\n\nAnchor Brewing\n\nAndeavor Martinez Refinery\n\nAnderson Springs Community Services District\n\nAnderson-Cottonwood Irrigation District\n\nAntea Group\n\nAntelope Valley Water Storage, LLC\n\nAntelope Valley-East Kern Water\n\nApple Inc.\n\nAptim Federal Servcies, LLC\n\nArbor Point - Mobile Home Community\n\nArbuckle Public Utility District\n\nArcher Operations California LLC\n\nArmona Community Services District\n\nArmstrong Petroleum Corporation\n\nAromas Water District\n\nArroyo Seco Estates Mutual Water Company\n\nArvin Community Services District\n\nArvin Edison Water Storage District\n\nAster Apartments\n\nAT&T California\n\nAtascadero Mutual Water Company\n\nAtlantic Oil Company\n\nAuburn Public Cemetery District\n\nAvila Beach Community Services District\n\nBakman Water Company Inc\n\nBank of Stockton\n\nBanta-Carbona Irrigation District\n\nBarton Health\n\nBass Lake Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nBass Lake SA-2\n\nBass Lake Water Company\n\nBayshore Sanitary District\n\nBear Valley Community Services District\n\nBear Valley Water District\n\nBedel Mutual Water Company\n\nBella Vista Water District\n\nBelmont Manor Community Supported Agriculture #14\n\nBelridge Water Storage District\n\nBerrenda Mesa Water District\n\nBerry Petroleum Company\n\nBi-State Propane - Portola\n\nBig Rock Community Services District\n\nBlack Rascal Water Company Inc\n\nBlue Diamond Growers\n\nBlue Lake Rancheria Dept of Energy & Technologies\n\nBlue Lake Springs Mutual Water Company\n\nBlue Star Gas\n\nBodega Bay Public Utility District\n\nBolinas Community Public Utility District\n\nBoron Community Services District\n\nBright House Networks - Bakersfield\n\nBright House Networks - Tehachapi\n\nBroadview Terrace Mutual Water Company\n\nBroadway Plaza - Macerich Co.\n\nBrowns Valley Irrigation District\n\nBuckeye Terminals LLC\n\nBuckingham Park Water District\n\nBuena Vista Energy\n\nBulldog Gas & Power LLC\n\nBurney Water District\n\nButte County Office of Education\n\nButte Creek Utilities LLC\n\nButtonwillow County Water District\n\nBWMR&M Association\n\nByron Bethany Irrigation District\n\nByron Sanitary District\n\nCadence Design System\n\nCAE USA - Inc\n\nCalaveras County Road Department\n\nCalaveras County Water District\n\nCalaveras Public Utilities District\n\nCalaveras Telephone Company\n\nCalgren Dairy Fuels LLC\n\nCalifornia American Water - Monterey\n\nCalifornia American Water - Sacramento\n\nCalifornia Broadband Cooperative California\n\nCalifornia College of the Arts\n\nCalifornia Department of Parks & Recreation - Col Allensworth State Historic\nPark\n\nCalifornia Department of Toxic Substances Control\n\nCalifornia Department of Water Resources\n\nCalifornia Pines Community Services District\n\nCalifornia Resources\n\nCalifornia Resources Corporaton - North Thermal Operations\n\nCalifornia Resources Elk Hills, LLC\n\nCalifornia Resources Production Corporation - Sacramento Valley\n\nCalifornia State University Monterey Bay\n\nCalifornia State Univiversity Sacramento\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Atherton\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Bakersfield\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Bayshore District\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Chico\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Dixon\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Lake Isabella\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Livermore\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Los Altos\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Marysville\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Oroville\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Quartz Hill\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Salinas\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Selma\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Stockton\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Visalia\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Willows\n\nCalifornia Water Services Redwood Valley District\n\nCalifornia-Oregon Telephone Company\n\nCallayomi County Water District\n\nCalNev Pipe Line California\n\nCalNeva Broadband LLC\n\nCalpella County Water District\n\nCalpine - Geysers Power Company LLC\n\nCalpine Construction Finance Company LP - Sutter Energy\n\nCalpine King City Cogen LLC\n\nCambria Community Services District\n\nCamp Meeker Recreation & Park - Water\n\nCampora Propane Services\n\nCanada Woods Water Reclamation Company\n\nCantua Creek Community Supported Agriculture #32\n\nCapitol Oil Corporation\n\nCarmel Area Wastewater District\n\nCarmel Riviera Mutual Water Company\n\nCarmichael Water District\n\nCaruthers Community Services District\n\nCasa Loma Water Company Inc\n\nCaspar South Services Company\n\nCastella Community Supported Agriculture #3\n\nCastle Airport Aviation and Development Center\n\nCastro Valley Sanitary District\n\nCastroville Community Services District\n\nCawelo Water District\n\nCayucos Beach Mutual Water Company\n\nCayucos Sanitary District\n\nCebridge Connections\n\nCedar Flat Improvement Association\n\nCenterville Community Services District\n\nCentral Coast Water Authority\n\nCentral Contra Costa Sanitary District\n\nCentral Marin Sanitation Agency\n\nCentral Valley Gas Storage, LLC\n\nCentral Water District\n\nCepheid\n\nCH2M Hill Constructors, Inc.\n\nCharter Communications - Crescent City\n\nCharter Communications - Gilroy\n\nCharter Communications - Rosamond\n\nCharter Communications - San Luis Obispo\n\nCharter Communications - Tulare\n\nCharter Communications - Turlock\n\nChester Public Utilities District\n\nChevron Cymric\n\nChevron Environmental Management Company\n\nChevron Midway Sunset\n\nChevron North America, Exploration & Production - Coalinga Area\n\nChevron North America, Exploration & Production Company\n\nChevron Pipe Line Company\n\nChevron USA\n\nChildren's Hospital Central California\n\nChowchilla Water District\n\nChristian Valley Park Community Services District\n\nChuk Chansi SA-14\n\nCircle Oaks County Water Department\n\nCitrus Heights Water District\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Heat/Power/Light\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Parking & Traffic\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Public Works\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Water\n\nCity of Alameda\n\nCity of Albany\n\nCity of Alturas\n\nCity of American Canyon\n\nCity of Anderson\n\nCity of Angels Camp\n\nCity of Antioch\n\nCity of Arcata\n\nCity of Arroyo Grande\n\nCity of Arvin\n\nCity of Atascadero\n\nCity of Atwater\n\nCity of Auburn\n\nCity of Avenal\n\nCity of Bakersfield\n\nCity of Belmont\n\nCity of Belvedere\n\nCity of Benicia\n\nCity of Berkeley Public Works Engineering Division\n\nCity of Biggs\n\nCity of Blue Lake\n\nCity of Brentwood\n\nCity of Brisbane\n\nCity of Burlingame\n\nCity of California City\n\nCity of Calistoga\n\nCity of Campbell Public Works\n\nCity of Carmel-by-the Sea\n\nCity of Ceres\n\nCity of Chowchilla\n\nCity of Citrus Heights\n\nCity of Clayton\n\nCity of Cloverdale\n\nCity of Clovis\n\nCity of Coalinga\n\nCity of Colusa\n\nCity of Concord\n\nCity of Corcoran\n\nCity of Corning\n\nCity of Cotati\n\nCity of Crescent City\n\nCity of Cupertino\n\nCity of Daly City\n\nCity of Danville\n\nCity of Davis\n\nCity of Delano\n\nCity of Dinuba\n\nCity of Dixon\n\nCity of Dos Palos\n\nCity of Dublin\n\nCity of Dunsmuir\n\nCity of East Palo Alto\n\nCity of El Cerrito\n\nCity of Elk Grove\n\nCity of Emeryville\n\nCity of Escalon\n\nCity of Eureka\n\nCity of Exeter\n\nCity of Fairfield\n\nCity of Farmersville\n\nCity of Ferndale\n\nCity of Firebaugh\n\nCity of Folsom\n\nCity of Fort Bragg\n\nCity of Fortuna\n\nCity of Foster City\n\nCity of Fowler\n\nCity of Fremont Engineering Division\n\nCity of Fresno\n\nCity of Galt\n\nCity of Gilroy\n\nCity of Gonzales\n\nCity of Grass Valley\n\nCity of Greenfield\n\nCity of Gridley\n\nCity of Grover Beach\n\nCity of Gustine\n\nCity of Hayward\n\nCity of Healdsburg\n\nCity of Hercules\n\nCity of Hollister\n\nCity of Hughson\n\nCity of Ione\n\nCity of Isleton\n\nCity of Jackson\n\nCity of Kerman\n\nCity of King City\n\nCity of Kingsburg\n\nCity of Lakeport\n\nCity of Larkspur\n\nCity of Lathrop\n\nCity of Lemoore\n\nCity of Lincoln\n\nCity of Lindsay\n\nCity of Live Oak\n\nCity of Livermore\n\nCity of Livingston\n\nCity of Lodi\n\nCity of Los Altos\n\nCity of Los Banos Department of Public Works\n\nCity of Loyalton\n\nCity of Madera\n\nCity of Manteca\n\nCity of Marina\n\nCity of Martinez\n\nCity of Marysville\n\nCity of McFarland\n\nCity of Mendota\n\nCity of Menlo Park\n\nCity of Merced\n\nCity of Mill Valley\n\nCity of Millbrae\n\nCity of Milpitas\n\nCity of Modesto\n\nCity of Montague\n\nCity of Monterey\n\nCity of Morgan Hill\n\nCity of Morro Bay\n\nCity of Mountain View\n\nCity of Mt Shasta\n\nCity of Napa\n\nCity of Nevada City\n\nCity of Newark\n\nCity of Newman\n\nCity of Novato\n\nCity of Oakdale\n\nCity of Oakland\n\nCity of Oakley\n\nCity of Orange Cove\n\nCity of Orinda\n\nCity of Orland\n\nCity of Oroville\n\nCity of Pacific Grove\n\nCity of Pacifica\n\nCity of Palo Alto\n\nCity of Parlier\n\nCity of Paso Robles\n\nCity of Patterson\n\nCity of Petaluma\n\nCity of Piedmont\n\nCity of Pinole\n\nCity of Pismo Beach\n\nCity of Pittsburg\n\nCity of Placerville\n\nCity of Pleasant Hill\n\nCity of Pleasanton\n\nCity of Plymouth\n\nCity of Point Arena\n\nCity of Porterville\n\nCity of Portola\n\nCity of Rancho Cordova\n\nCity of Red Bluff\n\nCity of Redding\n\nCity of Redwood City Public Works\n\nCity of Reedley\n\nCity of Richmond\n\nCity of Ridgecrest\n\nCity of Rio Dell\n\nCity of Rio Vista\n\nCity of Ripon\n\nCity of Riverbank\n\nCity of Rocklin\n\nCity of Rohnert Park\n\nCity of Roseville\n\nCity of Sacramento\n\nCity of Salinas\n\nCity of San Bruno\n\nCity of San Carlos\n\nCity of San Jose\n\nCity of San Juan Bautista\n\nCity of San Leandro\n\nCity of San Luis Obispo\n\nCity of San Mateo\n\nCity of San Rafael\n\nCity of San Ramon\n\nCity of Sanger\n\nCity of Santa Clara\n\nCity of Santa Cruz\n\nCity of Santa Rosa\n\nCity of Sausalito\n\nCity of Scotts Valley\n\nCity of Seaside\n\nCity of Sebastopol\n\nCity of Selma\n\nCity of Shafter\n\nCity of Shasta Lake\n\nCity of Soledad\n\nCity of Sonoma\n\nCity of Sonora\n\nCity of South Lake Tahoe\n\nCity of South San Francisco\n\nCity of St. Helena\n\nCity of Stockton\n\nCity of Suisun City\n\nCity of Sunnyvale\n\nCity of Susanville\n\nCity of Taft\n\nCity of Tehachapi\n\nCity of Tehama\n\nCity of Tracy\n\nCity of Trinidad\n\nCity of Tulare\n\nCity of Turlock\n\nCity of Ukiah\n\nCity of Union City\n\nCity of Vacaville\n\nCity of Vallejo\n\nCity of Visalia\n\nCity of Walnut Creek\n\nCity of Wasco\n\nCity of Waterford\n\nCity of Watsonville\n\nCity of Weed\n\nCity of West Sacramento\n\nCity of Wheatland\n\nCity of Williams\n\nCity of Willits\n\nCity of Willows\n\nCity of Winters\n\nCity of Woodlake\n\nCity of Woodland\n\nCity of Yreka\n\nCity of Yuba City\n\nClear Creek Community Services District\n\nClear Creek Community Services District - Lassen County\n\nClearlake Oaks County Water District\n\nCoarsegold South Maintenance District 63A\n\nCoastside County Water District\n\nCobb Area County Water District\n\nColusa County Water District\n\nColusa Properties Inc.\n\nComcast\n\nCommunity Medical Centers\n\nConcordia Resources Inc C/O Cabral Production\n\nConsolidated Communications\n\nConsolidated Communications II\n\nConterra Broadband Services\n\nContra Costa County Service Area M-28\n\nContra Costa Water District\n\nCoreSite Realty Corporation\n\nCorning Water District\n\nCostco Wholesale - Santa Cruz\n\nCosumnes Community Services District\n\nCottonwood Community Supported Agriculture #17\n\nCottonwood Water District\n\nCoulterville Water District\n\nCounty of Alameda\n\nCounty of Contra Costa\n\nCounty of Del Norte Community Development Department\n\nCounty of Lake\n\nCounty of Nevada Sanitation District #1\n\nCounty of Placer\n\nCounty of Sacramento\n\nCounty of San Joaquin\n\nCounty of San Luis Obispo\n\nCounty of San Luis Obispo Telecom\n\nCounty of San Mateo\n\nCounty of Santa Clara\n\nCounty of Santa Cruz\n\nCounty of Sonoma\n\nCounty of Stanislaus\n\nCounty of Yolo\n\nCounty of Yolo Communications\n\nCounty Service Area #23-Craig View\n\nCPN Pipeline Company\n\nCreed Energy Center LLC\n\nCrestwood West Coast LLC\n\nCrimson Pipeline LP\n\nCrimson Resource Managment\n\nCrockett Cogeneration\n\nCrockett Sanitary Department\n\nCrossPoint Community Church of Modesto\n\nCrown Castle California\n\nCrows Landing Community Services District\n\nCruzio Media, Inc.\n\nCuesta La Honda Guild\n\nCumorah Knolls Community Supported Agriculture #10\n\nCupertino Sanitary District\n\nCutler Public Utilities District\n\nCVIN LLC\n\nD.E.O.\n\nDel Oro Water - Ferndale\n\nDel Oro Water Company - Magalia\n\nDel Paso Manor Water\n\nDel Rey Community Services District\n\nDelano-Earlimart Irrigation District\n\nDelhi County Water District\n\nDelta Dental Plan of California\n\nDelta Diablo Sanitation District\n\nDelta Energy Center LLC\n\nDelta Liquid Energy\n\nDenair Community Services District\n\nDERWA\n\nDesert Lake Community Services District\n\nDiablo Water District\n\nDick Brown Technical Service\n\nDick Brown Technical Service - Borax\n\nDigital Transport Corporation\n\nDigital West Networks, Inc.\n\nDillon Estates Maintenance District 60\n\nDon Pedro Sewer District\n\nDonner Summit Public Utilities District\n\nDos Palos Area Joint Power Agency\n\nDow Chemical\n\nDublin San Ramon Services District\n\nDucor Telephone Company\n\nDudley Ridge Water District\n\nDuke Energy Renewables\n\nDunnigan Water District\n\nDurham Irrigation District\n\nE & B Natural Resources Management Corporation\n\nEarlimart Public Utilities District\n\nEast Bay Dischargers Authority\n\nEast Bay Municipal Utilities District\n\nEast Bay Municipal Utility District Wastewater Department\n\nEast Contra Costa Irrigation District\n\nEast Niles Community Services District\n\nEast Palo Alto Sanitary District\n\nEastern Sierra Propane\n\nEastin Arcola Maintenance District 36\n\nEastside Water Association\n\nEl Camino Irrigation District\n\nEl Dorado Hills Community Services District\n\nEl Dorado Irrigation District\n\nEl Paso Natural Gas Company\n\nEl Porvenir Community Supported Agriculture #30\n\nElk Grove Water Service\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / CGG\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / DGG\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / SVP\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / YPC\n\nErskine Creek Water Company\n\nEscape Broadband\n\nEsparto Community Services District\n\nExeter Irrigation District\n\nExtenet Systems, Inc. California\n\nExxon Mobil Pipeline Company\n\nFair Oaks Water District\n\nFairfax Center Properties, LLC\n\nFairfield-Suisun Sewer District\n\nFairmead Maintenance District 33\n\nFairview Water Company LLC\n\nFalcon Cable TV-Redding\n\nFall River Mills Community Services District\n\nFarmers & Merchants Bank\n\nFerrellgas - Elk Grove\n\nFerrellgas - Lake County\n\nFerrellgas - Mendocino County\n\nFerrellgas - Nevada County\n\nFibersphere Communications of California LLC\n\nFiero Lane Water County\n\nFirst Mace Meadow Water Association Inc\n\nFitch Mountain Water District Community Supported Agriculture #24\n\nFlorin County Water District\n\nFMC Fresno\n\nFolsom Lake Mutual Water Company\n\nFoothill Energy LLC\n\nFoothill Energy LLC - Colusa\n\nForest Lakes Mutual Water Company\n\nForesthill Public Utilities District\n\nForestville Water District\n\nFort Bragg Trout Farm\n\nFPL Energy Montezuma Wind LLC\n\nFranklin County Water District\n\nFrazier Park Public Utility District\n\nFreedom Telecommunications LLC dba WILCON\n\nFreestone Water Systems\n\nFrench Gulch Water District-Community Supported Agriculture #11\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #10-A - Mansionette Estates\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34A - Brighton Crest\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34B - Ventana Hills\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34C - Granite Crest\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #39AB - Beran Way\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #43 - Raisin City\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44-C - Tanqueray Development\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44-D - Monte Verdi\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44A - Friant Mobile Home Park\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #47 - Quail Lake\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #49 - O'neill Farming\n\nFresno County Waterworks District #18\n\nFried Private Water Line\n\nFrontier a Citizen Communications Company (CA-2)\n\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company (CA)\n\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company -Colusa\n\nFrontier Patterson\n\nFruitridge Vista Water Company\n\nFulton Water Company\n\nG-REM Inc\n\nGarberville Sanitation District\n\nGarden Farms Community Water District\n\nGas Pipeline Services Inc.\n\nGasquet Community Services District\n\nGE Hitachi Nuclear Energy LLC\n\nGeorgetown Divide Public Utility District\n\nGerber Las Flores Community Services District\n\nGill Ranch Storage LLC\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Feather River\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Lambie Energy Center\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Wolfskill Energy Center\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Yuba City Energy\n\nGlide Water District\n\nGold Mountain Community Services District\n\nGolden Gate Bridge Highway & Transportation\n\nGolden Hills Community Services District\n\nGolden Hills North Wind, LLC\n\nGolden Hills Wind, LLC\n\nGolden State Water Company\n\nGolden State Water Company - Lake County\n\nGolden State Water Company Contra Costa County\n\nGolden State Water Company San Luis Obispo\n\nGoldside Maintenance District 27\n\nGoogle\n\nGoogle Fiber California, LLC\n\nGoose Haven Energy Center LLC\n\nGoshen Community Services District\n\nGraduate Theological Union\n\nGranada Sanitary District\n\nGravelly Ford Water District\n\nGreat Oaks Water Company\n\nGreen River Mutual Water Company\n\nGreenfield Communications Inc\n\nGreenfield County Water District\n\nGreenhorn Creek Community Services District\n\nGreka\n\nGrimmway Enterprises Inc\n\nGrizzly Flats Community Services District\n\nGrizzly Lake Community Services District\n\nGroveland Community Services District\n\nGualala Community Services District\n\nHacienda Owners Association\n\nHamilton Branch Community Services District\n\nHamilton Branch Mutual Water Company\n\nHamilton City Community Services District\n\nHappy Camp Community Services District\n\nHappy Camp Sanitary District\n\nHappy Valley Telephone Company\n\nHarbor View Mutual Water Company\n\nHeart of San Mateo, LLC\n\nHeights Mutual Water Company\n\nHenrik Nielsen - Land Owner\n\nHeritage Ranch Community Services District\n\nHerlong Public Utility District\n\nHetch Hetchy Water & Power\n\nHidden Lakes Maintenance District 1\n\nHidden Valley Lake Community Services District\n\nHigh Winds LLC\n\nHighlands Water Company\n\nHills Valley Irrigation District\n\nHillview Water Company Inc\n\nHilmar County Water District\n\nHilton Creek Community Services District\n\nHomestead Valley Sanitary District\n\nHoneywell Inc Honeywell Plaza\n\nHoopa Valley Public Utilities District\n\nHopland Public Utilities District\n\nHorizon Cable TV Inc\n\nHornitos Telephone Company\n\nHowell Mountain Mutual Water Company\n\nHumboldt Bay Municipal Water District\n\nHumboldt Community Services District\n\nHumboldt State University\n\nHunter Communications, Inc.\n\nHydesville County Water District\n\nIndian Lakes Service Area -1\n\nIndian Valley Community Services District\n\nIndian Wells Valley Water District\n\nINNEX California, Inc.\n\nIntegra Telecom, Inc California\n\nInverness Public Utility District\n\nInyokern Community Services District\n\nIrish Hills Mutual Water Company\n\nIron Mountain Mutual Water Company\n\nIronhouse Sanitary District\n\nIsland Energy\n\nIvanhoe Public Utilities District\n\nJ P Oil Company, LLC\n\nJ S West Propane\n\nJ S West Propane - Colfax\n\nJ S West Propane - Diamond Springs\n\nJ S West Propane - Modesto\n\nJack Pine Road Mutual Water Company\n\nJackson Valley Irrigation District\n\nJamestown Sanitation District\n\nJenner County Service Area #34\n\nJoe Simoes & Sons Dairy, Inc.\n\nJones Valley Community Supported Agriculture #6\n\nJune Lake Public Utilities District\n\nKaiser Foundation Health Plan\n\nKamps Propane\n\nKanawha Water District\n\nKaruk Tribe\n\nKerman Telephone dba Sebastian\n\nKern County Water Agency\n\nKern Oil & Refining Company\n\nKern-Tulare Water District\n\nKeswick Water District Community Supported Agriculture #25\n\nKettleman City Community Services District\n\nKeyes Community Services District\n\nKinder Morgan / SFPP California\n\nKirkwood Meadows Public Utilities District\n\nKirkwood Mountain Resort LLC\n\nKonocti County Water District\n\nKrista Mutual Water Company\n\nKTVU-TV Engineering\n\nLa Vina Maintenance District 37\n\nLACC Mutual Water Company\n\nLake Alpine Water Company\n\nLake Berryessa Resort Improvement District\n\nLake Don Pedro Community Services District\n\nLake of the Pines Associaton\n\nLake of the Woods Mutual Water Company\n\nLake Oroville Area Public Utility District\n\nLake Shastina Community Services District\n\nLake Shore Maintenance District 6\n\nLake Siskiyou Mutual Water Company\n\nLakeside Park Association Inc\n\nLakeview Hills Community Association\n\nLamont Public Utility District\n\nLas Gallinas Valley Sanitary District\n\nLassen Municipal Utility District\n\nLassen Plumas Gas Service\n\nLathrop Irrigation District\n\nLaton Community Service District\n\nLawrence Livermore National Lab\n\nLawrence Livermore National Lab - Site 300\n\nLaytonville County Water District\n\nLe Grand Community Service District\n\nLebec County Water District\n\nLemoore Apartments LLC\n\nLeprino Foods Company, Lemoore West\n\nLevel 3 Communications California\n\nLewis Creek Water District\n\nLewiston Community Services District\n\nLiberty Utilites LLC\n\nLinda County Water District\n\nLinde LLC\n\nLinden County Water District\n\nLindmore Irrigation District\n\nLindsay Strathmore Irrigation District\n\nLivermore Amador Valley Water Management\n\nLoch Lomond Mutual Water Company\n\nLockeford Community Services District\n\nLocus Technologies - Raytheon\n\nLodi Gas Storage LLC\n\nLodi Memorial Hospital\n\nLogan Creek Estates General Improvement District\n\nLoleta Community Services District\n\nLongbow LLC\n\nLos Angeles Department of Water & Power\n\nLos Osos Community Service District\n\nLost Hills Utility District\n\nLost Hills Water District\n\nLower Lake County Waterworks District #1\n\nLower Tule River Irrigation District\n\nLukins Brothers Water Company Inc.\n\nMacpherson Oil Company\n\nMadera Chowchills Water & Power Authority\n\nMadera Irrigation District\n\nMadera Ranchos Maintenance District 10\n\nMadera Valley Water Company\n\nMadera Water District\n\nMalaga County Water District\n\nMammoth County Water District\n\nManila Community Service District\n\nManzana Power Services, Inc\n\nMarin Municipal Water District\n\nMarina Coast Water District\n\nMarina View Maintenance District 7\n\nMariposa Pines Sewer District\n\nMariposa Public Utility District\n\nMarkleeville Public Utility District\n\nMarkleeville Water Company\n\nMartinez Refining / Equilon\n\nMassini Mutual Water Company\n\nMasTec North America\n\nMatrix Oil Corporation\n\nMauritson-Property Owner\n\nMaxwell Public Utility District\n\nMc Cloud Community Service District\n\nMcClellan Business Park\n\nMCI WorldCom California\n\nMcKesson Corporation\n\nMcKinleyville Community Service District\n\nMcKinney Water District\n\nMDY Properties, Inc.\n\nMeadow Vista County Water District\n\nMediacom-California LLC\n\nMediaCom-Clearlake Oaks\n\nMediacom-Ridgecrest\n\nMendocino County Water Works District II\n\nMentren Corporation\n\nMerced Irrigation District\n\nMerced Irrigation District -Electric Department\n\nMesa Business Park\n\nMeyers Water Company, Inc\n\nMiami Creek Maintenance District 43\n\nMid-Peninsula Water District\n\nMidset Cogeneration Company\n\nMidway Community Service District\n\nMidway Heights County Water District\n\nMidway Sunset Cogeneration\n\nMil Potrero Mutual Water Company\n\nMile High Waste Water District #37\n\nMillview County Water District\n\nMiranda Community Services District\n\nModesto & Empire Traction Company\n\nModesto Irrigation District\n\nMojave Air & Space Port\n\nMojave Pipeline Operating Company\n\nMojave Public Utility District\n\nMokelumne Hill Sanitary District\n\nMontara Water & Sewer District\n\nMonterey Bay Aquarium\n\nMonterey County Public Works\n\nMonterey County Water Resources Agency\n\nMonterey Regional Water Pollution Control\n\nMorgan Hill Unified School District\n\nMorro Rock Mutual Water Company\n\nMosbaugh Properties\n\nMount Hermon Association Inc\n\nMountain Gate Community Service District\n\nMountain Ranches Maintenance District 5\n\nMountain View Sanitation District\n\nMt Konocti Mutual Water Company\n\nMt Mesa Water Company\n\nMuni Overhead Lines Department\n\nMurphys Sanitary District\n\nMusick Meadows Mutual Water Company #2 Inc.\n\nNAFTEX - Dick Brown Technical Service\n\nNaftex Operating Company\n\nNapa Berryessa Resort Improvement District\n\nNapa Sanitation District\n\nNavy BRAC\n\nNCPA - Dick Brown Technical Service\n\nNevada Irrigation District\n\nNextera Energy Resources LLC - Sky River\n\nNextera Energy Resources North Sky River Wind LLC\n\nNextera Energy Resources Tehachapi Substation Comm.\n\nNextera Energy Resources Vasco Winds LLC\n\nNice Mutual Water Company\n\nNipomo Community Service District\n\nNorth Coast County Water\n\nNorth Dos Palos Water District\n\nNorth Edwards Water District\n\nNorth Fork Maintenance District 8\n\nNorth Gualala Water Company\n\nNorth Kaweah Mutual Water Company\n\nNorth Marin Water District\n\nNorth of the River Municipal Water District\n\nNorth of the River Sanitary District #1\n\nNorth San Joaquin Water Conservatory\n\nNorth Tahoe Public Utility District\n\nNorth Yuba Water District\n\nNorthern California Power Agency\n\nNorthland Cable TV-Mt Shasta\n\nNorthland Cable TV-Oakhurst\n\nNorthland Cable TV-Yreka\n\nNorthstar Community Service District\n\nNorthwest Petroleum, Inc\n\nNovato Sanitation District\n\nNPG Cable Inc\n\nNRG Energy - San Francisco\n\nO’Connor Tract Co-Operative Water\n\nO.L.S. Energy - Agnews, Inc\n\nOACYS Technology\n\nOakdale Irrigation District\n\nOakhurst Maintenance District 22\n\nOasis Property Owners\n\nOccidental Canal Company\n\nOccidental Community Services District\n\nOceano Community Services District\n\nOffice of Technology Services\n\nOildale Mutual Water Company\n\nOlam Tomato Processors, Inc.\n\nOlin Corporation\n\nOlivehurst Public Utilities District\n\nOrange Cove Irrigation District\n\nOrange Vale Water Company\n\nOrland-Artois Water District\n\nOro Loma Sanitary District\n\nOrosi Public Utility District\n\nPacific Bell\n\nPacific Coast Producers\n\nPacific Gas & Electric\n\nPacific Grove Unified School District\n\nPacific Power & Light Company - Crescent City\n\nPacific Power & Light Company Alturas\n\nPacific Power & Light Company Yreka\n\nPacific Union College\n\nPajaro Valley Water Management Agency\n\nPajaro/Sunny Mesa Community Service District\n\nPalmer Creek Community Services District\n\nPalo Alto Park Mutual Water Company\n\nPalo Cedro Community Supported Agriculture #8\n\nPalomino Lakes Mutual Water Company\n\nParadise Irrigation District\n\nParksdale Service Area - 3\n\nParkwood Maintenance District 19\n\nPatterson Irrigation District\n\nPAXIO Inc\n\nPC Landing Corporation\n\nPebble Beach Community Services District\n\nPenngrove-Kenwood Water Company\n\nPetrogulf Corporation C/O Dos Rios Inc\n\nPhilips Semiconductors\n\nPhillips 66 Company - Sacramento\n\nPhillips 66 Pipeline LLC\n\nPine Grove Community Services District\n\nPinecrest Permittees Association\n\nPinedale County Water District\n\nPinnacles Telephone Company\n\nPinon Pines Mutual Water Company\n\nPinon Valley Water Company\n\nPioneer Exploration LTD\n\nPixley Public Utility District\n\nPlacer County Water Agency\n\nPlains All American\n\nPlanada Community Services District\n\nPlumas Bank\n\nPlumas Eureka Community Services District\n\nPlumas Sierra Rural Electric Corporation\n\nPlumas-Sierra Telecommuniations California\n\nPoint to Point\n\nPonderosa Telephone Company\n\nPoplar Community Services District\n\nPort San Luis Harbor District\n\nPorter Vista Public Utilities District\n\nPraxair Inc/Linde\n\nPremier Community Credit Union\n\nProberta Water District\n\nProctor & Gamble Manufacturing Company\n\nPureSource Water, Inc\n\nPurissima Hills Water District\n\nQuail Valley Water District\n\nQuartz Mountain Maintenance District 73\n\nQUEST Media & Supplies\n\nQuorum Technologies, Inc.\n\nQwest Communications - California\n\nR & R Resources LLC\n\nRace Telecommunications, Inc.\n\nRains Creek Water Systems\n\nRaintree Fair Oaks LLC\n\nRancho Murieta Association\n\nRancho Murieta Community Services District\n\nRancho Tehama Telephone Company\n\nRanchos West Maintenance District 95\n\nRand Communities Water District\n\nReclamation District #999\n\nReclamation District 1004\n\nRedflex Traffic Systems\n\nRedwood Valley County Water District\n\nRepublic Services of Sonoma County, Inc.\n\nResort Improvement District #1\n\nRichardson Bay Sanitary District\n\nRio Linda/Elverta Community Water District\n\nRipperdan Maintenance District 28\n\nRising Tree Wind Farm LLC\n\nRiver Pines Public Utilities District\n\nRiverdale Public Utilities District\n\nRiverlake Community Association\n\nRiverside Acres Association\n\nRiverside Community Services District\n\nRobert L. and Mary Jo Thompson, Property Owners\n\nRodeo Sanitary District\n\nRogina Water Company Inc\n\nRolling Hills Service Area -19\n\nRosamond Community Services District\n\nRosedale Rio-Bravo Water Storage District\n\nRoseview Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nRoyale Energy\n\nRRM Inc\n\nRussian River County Water District\n\nS & T Mutual Water Company\n\nS.N.M.E. Gas Company Inc.\n\nSacramento County Office of Education\n\nSacramento County Water Agency\n\nSacramento Municipal Utilities District\n\nSacramento Regional Transit\n\nSacramento Suburban Water Dist\n\nSaddleback Water Association\n\nSalida Sanitary District\n\nSalmon Creek Water District CSA #32\n\nSalsipuedes Sanitary District\n\nSan Andreas Mutual Water\n\nSan Andreas Sanitary District (WUUA)\n\nSan Benito County Water\n\nSan Carlos Telecom Inc\n\nSan Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit, Real Estate Dept\n\nSan Francisco Museum of Modern Art\n\nSan Francisco PUC - Water Supply & Treatment Division\n\nSan Joaquin Facilities Management Inc\n\nSan Jose Water Company\n\nSan Jose/Santa Clara Regional Wastewater Facility\n\nSan Juan Suburban Water District\n\nSan Leandro Dark Fiber\n\nSan Lorenzo Valley Water District\n\nSan Lucas County Water District\n\nSan Luis Coastal Unified School District\n\nSan Luis Water District\n\nSan Mateo County Transit District\n\nSan Miguel Community Services District\n\nSan Miguelito Mutual Water Company\n\nSan Rafael Sanitary District\n\nSan Simeon Community Services District\n\nSandra Tavares - Homeowner\n\nSanitation District #1-Marin County\n\nSanitation District #5-Marin County\n\nSanta Clara Unified School Dist\n\nSanta Clara Valley Water District\n\nSanta Lucia Community Services District\n\nSanta Nella County Water District\n\nSaratoga Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nSaucelito Irrigation District\n\nSausalito-Marin City Sanitary District\n\nSchlumberger Technology Corporation\n\nScotts Valley Water District\n\nSea Ranch Connect\n\nSearles Valley Minerals\n\nSebastian - Foresthill\n\nSelma-Kingsburg-Fowler County Sanitary District\n\nSemitropic Water Storage District\n\nSeneca Resources Corporation\n\nSentinel Peak Resources, LLC\n\nSequoia Exploration, Inc.\n\nSereno Del Mar Water Systems\n\nSewer Authority Mid-Coastside\n\nSewerage Agency of South Marin\n\nSewerage Commission-Oroville\n\nShafter Solar LLC\n\nShafter Wasco Irrigation District\n\nShasta Community Services District\n\nShaver Lake Community Supported Agriculture #31B\n\nShaver Lake Point 2 Mutual Water Company\n\nShaver Lake Propane\n\nShaver Lake Waste Water District #41\n\nShaver Springs Waste Water District #40\n\nShell Aviation\n\nShell Pipeline Company LP\n\nShiloh I Wind Project LLC\n\nShore Terminals LLC\n\nSierra Highlands Maintenance District 58\n\nSierra Lakes County Water District\n\nSierra Telephone\n\nSignal Hill Petroleum Inc C/O Dos Rios Inc\n\nSilica Networks\n\nSilicon Valley Clean Water\n\nSilicon Valley Power\n\nSiskiyou Telephone Company\n\nSite Resources One, LLC - C/O Dos Rio Inc\n\nSixty (60) Civil Engr. SQ / CEOIF\n\nSky Harbour Waste Water District #38\n\nSky Londa Mutual Water Company\n\nSlawson Exploration\n\nSmith River Community Services District\n\nSmith River Rancheria\n\nSnelling Community Services District\n\nSolano Irrigation District\n\nSonic Telecom, LLC\n\nSonoma County Water Agency\n\nSoquel Creek Water District\n\nSouth Cloverdale Water Company\n\nSouth Dos Palos County Water District\n\nSouth Feather Water & Power\n\nSouth Placer Municipal Utilities District\n\nSouth San Joaquin Irrigation District\n\nSouth San Luis Obispo County Sanitary District\n\nSouth Sutter Water District\n\nSouth Tahoe Public Utilities District\n\nSouthern California Edison - California\n\nSouthern California Edison Transmissions\n\nSouthern California Gas Company\n\nSouthern San Joaquin Municipal Utilities District\n\nSouthgate Recreation & Park\n\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - California\n\nSpace Sys / Loral\n\nSpalding Community Services District\n\nSpreckels Water Company\n\nSpringville Public Utilities District\n\nSprint - California\n\nSquaw Valley Mutual Water Company\n\nSquaw Valley Public Services District\n\nStallion Springs Community Services District\n\nStanford University\n\nStantec Consulting Corporation\n\nStarlink Logistics, Inc\n\nStarrh Family Farms\n\nState of California Legislative Data Center\n\nStege Sanitary District\n\nStill Meadows Maintenance District 42\n\nStinson Beach County Water District\n\nStockton East Water District\n\nStones / Bengard Community Services District\n\nStratford Pub Utility District\n\nStrathmore Pub Utility District\n\nStryker Neurovascular\n\nSuburban Propane - Oakhurst\n\nSuburban Propane-Yreka\n\nSuddenlink Communications - Auburn\n\nSuddenlink Communications - Humboldt\n\nSugar Bowl Corporation\n\nSugarloaf Community Supported Agriculture #2\n\nSumner Hill Service Area - 16\n\nSundale Mutual Water Company\n\nSunnyslope County Water District\n\nSunset Ridge Maintenance District 40\n\nSurprise Valley Electrification Corp - California\n\nSusanville Consolidated Sanitary District\n\nSutter Community Services District\n\nSutter Health\n\nSweetwater Springs Water District\n\nTahoe City Public Utility District\n\nTahoe Keys Water Company\n\nTahoe Park Water Company\n\nTahoe Swiss Village Utility Inc\n\nTahoe-Truckee Sanitary Agency\n\nTalmont Resort Improvement District\n\nTamalpais Community Services District\n\nTamarack Estates Community Supported Agriculture #1\n\nTBI-Mission West LLC\n\nTDY\n\nTea Pot Dome Water District\n\nTeaford Meadows Maintenance District 24\n\nTehachapi-Cummings County Water District\n\nTekify Fiber LLC\n\nTeleport Communications / Golden State Utility\n\nTempleton Community Services District\n\nTerra Bella Irrigation District\n\nTerra De Oro Water Company\n\nTerradex Inc\n\nTesoro\n\nTexaco Cross Valley Fuel Systems\n\nThe Boeing Company - California\n\nThe David & Lucile Packard Foundation\n\nThe Irvine Company\n\nThe Nahabedian Exploration Group LLC\n\nThe Pig Farm Enterprises Lp\n\nThe Presidio Trust\n\nThe Sea Ranch Water Company\n\nThe Termo Company - Princeton\n\nThermalito Water and Sewer District\n\nThomas McLarty - Homeowner\n\nThree Rivers\n\nTimber Cove County Water District\n\nTime Warner Cable\n\nTippett Studio\n\nTipton Community Services District\n\nTokay Park Water Company\n\nTomales Village Community Services District\n\nTonopah Public Utilities\n\nTorrance Logistics Company, LLC\n\nTown of Colma\n\nTown of Discovery Bay\n\nTown of Fort Jones\n\nTown of Hillsborough\n\nTown of Loomis\n\nTown of Los Altos Hills\n\nTown of Los Gatos\n\nTown of Moraga\n\nTown of Ross\n\nTown of San Anselmo\n\nTown of Tiburon\n\nTown of Truckee\n\nTown of Woodside\n\nTown of Yountville\n\nTPX Communications I\n\nTPX Communications II\n\nTract 92 Community Services District\n\nTranquillity Irrigation District\n\nTrans Bay Cable LLC\n\nTransMontaigne\n\nTreasure Creek Woods Mutual Water Company\n\nTreasure Island Utility Operations\n\nTricor Refining LLC\n\nTrinity Conty Waterworks District #1\n\nTrinity Public Utility District\n\nTruckee Donner Public Utilities District\n\nTruckee Meadows Water Authority\n\nTruckee Tahoe Propane/Amerigas\n\nTulare County Federal Credit Union\n\nTulare County Information & Communications\n\nTulare Lake Drainage District\n\nTuolumne City Sanitary District\n\nTuolumne Utility District\n\nTurlock Irrigation District\n\nTurner Gas Company Inc\n\nTuscarora Gas Transmission California\n\nTuscarora Gas Transmission Nevada\n\nTwain Harte Community Services District\n\nU. S. Borax\n\nUkiah Valley Sanitation District\n\nUnion Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nUnion Pacific Railroad Company\n\nUnion Public Utilities District\n\nUnion Sanitation District / Collect Systems Department\n\nUnivar USA Inc\n\nUniversal Paragon Corporation\n\nUniversity of California - Merced\n\nUniversity of California Berkeley\n\nUniversity of California Davis\n\nUniversity of California Davis Medical Center\n\nUniversity of California Hastings College of the Law\n\nUniversity of California Merced - Water/Gas Operations\n\nUniversity of the Pacific\n\nUniversity of the Pacific - Sacramento Area\n\nUnocal/Union Oil\n\nUSA Media Group-Truckee\n\nUSS-Posco Industries\n\nUtica Power Authority\n\nUtility Telephone, Inc.\n\nValero Energy Corporation\n\nValero Refining\n\nValeta Maintenance District 85\n\nVallejo Sanitation & Flood Control\n\nValley Electric Association Inc California\n\nValley of the Moon Water District\n\nValley Springs Public Utilities District\n\nValley Transportation Authority\n\nValley Water Management Company\n\nVandalia Irrigation District\n\nVaquero Energy\n\nVaughn Water Company Inc\n\nVelocity Communications, Inc.\n\nVenida Packing Company\n\nVeolia Water North America, West LLC\n\nVeterans Home of California\n\nViasat, Inc. California\n\nVisalia Medical Clinic\n\nVolcano Telephone Company\n\nWard Well Water Company Inc\n\nWaste Management / SCS Engineers\n\nWave Broadband - Concord\n\nWave Broadband - Garberville\n\nWave Broadband - Rocklin\n\nWave Broadband - Sacramento Region\n\nWave Broadband - San Francisco\n\nWeaverville Community Services District\n\nWeaverville Sanitary District\n\nWeimar Water Company\n\nWeir Floway / Geosyntec Consultants\n\nWes Bradford Properties Inc.\n\nWest Almanor Mutual Water Company\n\nWest Bay Sanitary District\n\nWest Coast Gas Co Inc - Merced\n\nWest Coast Gas Company Inc - Sacramento\n\nWest County Wastewater District\n\nWest Kern Water District\n\nWest San Martin Water Works\n\nWest Side Irrigation District\n\nWest Valley Construction Company\n\nWest Valley Sanitary District\n\nWestborough Water District\n\nWestern Acres Mutual Water\n\nWestern Digital\n\nWestern Hills Water District\n\nWesthaven Community Services District\n\nWestlands Wtr District\n\nWeston Solutions, Inc.\n\nWestside Solar LLC\n\nWestside Water District\n\nWestwood Community Services District\n\nWheeler Ridge-Maricopa Water Storage\n\nWhite Knight Production, LLC\n\nWhitney Point Solar LLC\n\nWickland Pipeline LLC\n\nWild Goose Storage Inc\n\nWildwood Island Community Supported Agriculture #5\n\nWillow County Water District\n\nWillow Creek Community Services District\n\nWindjammer Cable\n\nWindjammer Cable - Susanville\n\nWindsor Water District\n\nWinton Water & Sanitation District\n\nWm Bolthouse Farms Inc\n\nWoodbridge Sanitary District\n\nWoodland-Davis Clean Water Agency\n\nWoodlands Mutual Water Company\n\nWoodville Public Utility District\n\nYolo County Flood Control & Water District\n\nYosemite National Park\n\nYosemite Spring Park Utility\n\nYosemite West Water District\n\nZAYO - California\n\nZayo Group LLC fna Networks 360\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Member Contact Update\n\nWe encourage all our Members to update their contact information regularly.\nIt’s recommended to update at least every Quarter, or as needed. If you have\nany questions about your membership please contact Member Services at\nmemberservices@usanorth811.org.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Where Do I Begin?\n\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Maecenas eu dapibus\ntellus, quis euismod nunc. Aliquam vulputate massa neque, vel auctor tellus\ninterdum id. Integer blandit purus id tortor bibendum, sed rhoncus leo\nmolestie. Aliquam venenatis dignissim turpis a tincidunt. Nullam justo lectus,\nauctor scelerisque erat sed, dictum pellentesque eros. Cras non congue neque,\nvitae varius ligula. Nam feugiat magna fermentum eleifend iaculis. Nam\ncondimentum nisi quis feugiat congue. Donec mattis accumsan augue, faucibus\nhendrerit sem mollis non.\n\nDonec ac eros rhoncus nisl rutrum fringilla. Nam convallis sagittis tellus,\neget rutrum nisi venenatis sit amet. Donec tincidunt et enim eu scelerisque.\nOrci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur\nridiculus mus. Etiam fringilla porttitor orci, in vulputate est finibus sit\namet. Nulla mollis, odio et vestibulum sagittis, enim urna laoreet quam, eget\nauctor urna nunc et neque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis\nparturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Ut fermentum laoreet metus sed\nblandit. Phasellus volutpat dictum neque ac pulvinar. Ut et mauris magna.\n\nSed vestibulum lacus a nibh ullamcorper fermentum. Donec in sodales risus.\nMorbi aliquet quis nisi at fermentum. Pellentesque feugiat diam eget libero\nvenenatis, nec cursus nulla tristique. Quisque consequat lacinia malesuada.\nEtiam vitae nisi accumsan, fringilla turpis non, condimentum sapien. Curabitur\nultricies lacus est, sit amet facilisis purus suscipit et. Nulla vitae nisi ut\nest vestibulum cursus. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in\nfaucibus. Fusce dictum nunc et ligula ultrices rutrum. Pellentesque dapibus\nnibh quis nisl condimentum, et tempor lacus dignissim.\n\n811 Express\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## California Dirt Reports\n\n2020 DIRT Report\n\n2019 DIRT Report\n\n2018 DIRT Report\n\n2017 DIRT Report\n\n2016 DIRT Report\n\n2015 DIRT Report\n\n2014 DIRT Report\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## FAQs - DIYer\n\nWhat is a ticket?\n\nA \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\nand preferably longer for your records.\n\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\n\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\nticket, please click here.\n\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\n\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\nby clicking the button below.\n\nGet A Copy Of Your Ticket\n\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\n\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\n\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\n\nYou can begin your excavation once the following conditions have been met:\n\nIt is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\nto your request.\n\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\nnotified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under\nthe “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\n\nWho marks the utility lines?\n\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\nutility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rd party\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\n\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\n\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our How to\nPremark Instructional Video.\n\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\n\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\nowned by a utility.\n\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\n\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\n\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\nproceed?\n\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\nusing only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance\nzone and hand digging requirements, please click here for CA requirements or\nclick here for NV requirements.\n\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\nfunds your operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\n\nWhat does it cost to submit an 811 request?\n\nSubmitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig\nproject is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the\ncenter and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the\npublic a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground\nutilities.\n\nI see spray paint markings at my property, how can I find out who is doing\nwork?\n\nHave you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence\nproject, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are\nmost likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property\nfor that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is\nbeing done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your\nshared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property,\nand you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please\nemail our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look\nand see if there are any open tickets for your address.\n\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\ncomplete?\n\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\nmarkings when the job is complete.\n\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\n\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign\nup page.\n\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\n\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our Simple Ticket Search program. If\nyou still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer\nservice representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.\n\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\nmy request?\n\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\nresponse to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from\nall utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\n\nWhat do the colors mean?\n\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code\nsystem to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\n\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\n\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\n\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\n\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\n\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\n\nBlue: Potable Water\n\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\n\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\n\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\n\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\nmeet during my digging project?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\nHow long is my 811 request good for?\n\nYour ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket\nsubmission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your\nrequest. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you\nhave determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you\ncan request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on\nyour ticket.\n\nHow deep are the utility lines buried?\n\nThe depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An\nunderground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was\noriginally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface\nactivity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility\nowners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links: CA Members\n\nNV Members\n\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\n\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\nonlineservices@usanorth811.org.\n\nI’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811\nand submit the utility locate request?\n\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\nunder their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your\nproperty, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for\nthem/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your\ncontractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work\nyou do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\n\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\nmembers listed on my ticket?\n\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\nresponse” situation.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## FAQs - Contractor\n\nWhat is a ticket?\n\nA \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\nand preferably longer for your records.\n\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\n\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\nticket, please click here.\n\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\n\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\nhere.\n\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\n\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\n\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\n\nYou can begin your excavation once the following conditions have been met:\n\n· It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\nto your request.\n\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\nnotified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under\nthe “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\n\nWho marks the utility lines?\n\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\nutility members utilize in-house locators, while others hire 3^rd party\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\n\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\n\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our \"How to\nPremark\" instructional video.\n\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\n\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\nowned by a utility.\n\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\n\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\n\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\nproceed?\n\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\nusing only human powered hand tools.\n\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\nfunds your operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\n\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\ncomplete?\n\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\nmarkings when the job is complete.\n\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\n\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign\nup page.\n\nI forgot to submit my 811 request and I’m supposed to start my work tomorrow;\ncan I submit an emergency request?\n\nAll excavation requests require a minimum of two working days’ notice prior to\nthe start of excavation. State law identifies which factors qualify a request\nas an emergency, and if your excavation does not meet those requirements you\ncannot submit an emergency request. To see if your excavation meets the\nrequirements of an emergency notification, please see the state specific\nemergency definitions below:\n\nCalifornia: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence, involving a\nclear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate\nloss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services.\n\nNevada: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence that involves clear\nand imminent danger and requires immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss\nof life or damage to health, property or essential public services.\n\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\n\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: Simple\nTicket Search. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and\nadvise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your\nticket number.\n\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\nmy request?\n\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\nresponse to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from\nall utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\n\nWhat do the colors mean?\n\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code\nsystem to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\n\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\n\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\n\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\n\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\n\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\n\nBlue: Potable Water\n\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\n\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\n\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\n\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\nmeet during my digging project?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links:\n\nCA Members\n\nNV Members\n\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\n\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\nweboperations@usanorth811.org.\n\nI’m hiring a sub-contractor to do work at my jobsite, who needs to contact 811\nand submit the utility locate request?\n\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\nunder their name. If you are hiring a sub-contractor to perform work on your\nproperty, the sub-contractor needs to contact 811 and submit their own request\nfor them/their company. The sub-contractor cannot work under another\ncontractor or sub-contractors existing 811 ticket.\n\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\nmembers listed on my ticket?\n\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\nresponse” situation.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## FAQs - Utility Operator\n\nI am a utility owner, how do I become a member of USA North 811?\n\nIf you are a utility owner and currently not a member of USA North 811, you\ncan become a member by first filling out our membership application here:\n\nWhat are my responsibilities as a member of USA North 811?\n\n * Respond in a timely manner to all locate requests you receive. That means:\n * Respond to each request before the start time or legal notice (whichever is later)\n * Accurately mark and locate your underground facilities when threatened by the proposed excavation\n * Notify the contractor, homeowner, or ticket submitter promptly when your facilities are clear of their excavation work and they are in no danger of uncovering them\n * Follow CGA Best Practices Appendix B guidelines when marking the facilities you own in the area of proposed excavation\n * Using the appropriate amount of markings needed to identify your underground facilities while avoiding excessive markings and decorative hardscapes (decorative rock, pavers, stamped walkways, etc) at the site.\n * Using the appropriate marker type for site and weather conditions (flags, paint, whiskers, offsets, etc.)\n * Respond to any other ticket notices (no response, request for call, request for field meet) promptly\n\nEnsure your information is always up to date with USA North 811. That means:\n\n * Maintain detailed maps and records of your underground facilities\n * Reviewing and updating (if needed) your service area registration on a regular basis to ensure you are receiving all of the notifications you should be\n * Reviewing and updating (if needed) the contacts and their information listed on your membership account on a regular basis to ensure contractors, homeowners, and USA North 811 knows who to get in touch with when there is a question or issue\n * Notify USA North 811 of any billing department changes that would impact your bill getting to the correct staff member or payment being sent on time\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links:\n\nCA Members\n\nNV Members\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## California Members\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Nevada Members\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Where Do I Begin?\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Ticket Research - Member\n\nThis is the Ticket Research order form for Members of USA North 811 (utility\noperators that have registered buried facilities in our system). The ticket\nresearch will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1)\nticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of\nthe standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket\nresearch will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before\nresults are sent - $31 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research\ntime. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9\nfor every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Frequently Asked Questions\n\nWhat is a ticket?\n\nA \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\nand preferably longer for your records.\n\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\n\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging since many\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\nticket, please click here.\n\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\n\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\nhere\n\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\n\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\n\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\n\nYou can begin your excavation once if the following conditions have been met:\n\nIt is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\nto your request.\n\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\nnotified, please click here.\n\nWho marks the utility lines?\n\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\nutility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rdparty\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\n\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\n\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our “How to\nPremark” instructional video\".\n\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\n\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\nowned by a utility.\n\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\n\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\n\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\nproceed?\n\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\nusing only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance\nzone and hand digging requirements, please click here for California & Nevada\nrequirements .\n\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\nfunds your operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\n\nWhat does it cost to submit an 811 request?\n\nSubmitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig\nproject is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the\ncenter and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the\npublic a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground\nutilities.\n\nI see spray paint markings at my property, how can I find out who is doing\nwork?\n\nHave you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence\nproject, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are\nmost likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property\nfor that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is\nbeing done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your\nshared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property,\nand you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please\nemail our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look\nand see if there are any open tickets for your address.\n\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\ncomplete?\n\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\nmarkings when the job is complete.\n\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\n\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please click here.\n\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\n\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program:\nhttp://newtin.usan.org/newtinweb/gen_min_ts.html . If you still cannot find\nyour ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative\nthat you need help looking up your ticket number.\n\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\nmy request?\n\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\nresponse to your ticket here as well: http://usanorth811.herokuapp.c.... You\nare required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket\nbefore you can begin your work.\n\nWhat do the colors mean?\n\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association (APWA:\nhttps://www3.apwa.net/content/library/colorcc.pdf ) color code system to mark\ntheir underground facilities for you. The color code is:\n\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\n\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\n\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\n\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\n\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\n\nBlue: Potable Water\n\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\n\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\n\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\n\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\nmeet during my digging project?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law Website\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law Website - Nevada\nRevised Statutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\nHow long is my 811 request good for?\n\nYour ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket\nsubmission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your\nrequest. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you\nhave determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you\ncan request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on\nyour ticket.\n\nHow deep are the utility lines buried?\n\nThe depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An\nunderground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was\noriginally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface\nactivity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility\nowners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links:\n\nCA Members\n\nNV Members\n\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\n\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\nweboperations@usanorth811.org.\n\nI’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811\nand submit the utility locate request?\n\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\nunder their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your\nproperty, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for\nthem/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your\ncontractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work\nyou do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\n\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\nmembers listed on my ticket?\n\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\nresponse” situation.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## How to Pre-Mark your Dig Site\n\nHow to Pre-Mark your Dig Site Video\n\n## Web Operations\n\n# Chris Botting\n\n## Web Operations Supervisor\n\nTel 925-222-6518 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n# Christian Olesen\n\n## Web Operations Specialist\n\nTel 925-222-6502 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n# Sarah Vesper\n\n## Web Operations Specialist\n\nTel 925-270-0300 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n# Rebecca Krause\n\n## Web Operations Specialist\n\nTel 925-230-9533 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n# Dulze Ochoa (Habla Español)\n\n## Web Operations Specialist\n\nTel 925-222-6560 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n# Josh Chapa\n\n## Web Operations Specialist\n\nTel 925-222-6503 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n# Lorie Mueller\n\n## Web Operations Specialist\n\nTel 925-222-6515 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n# Trevor Harris\n\n## Web Operations Specialist\n\nTel 925-222-6516 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n## Member Services\n\n# Nathan Oliver\n\n## Member Services Specialist\n\nTel 925-222-6512 nathan.oliver@usanorth811.org\n\n# Germain Suess\n\n## Member Services Specialist\n\nTel 925-270-0339 germain.suess@usanorth811.org\n\n>\n\n# Nick White\n\n## Member Services Coordinator\n\nTel 925-222-6501 nick.white@usanorth811.org\n\n## All other USA North 811 Contacts\n\n# James Wingate\n\n## Executive Director\n\nTel 925-798-9504 james.wingate@usanorth811.org\n\n# Ryan White\n\n## Managing Director\n\nTel 925-798-9504 ryan.white@usanorth811.org\n\n# Chris Brassart\n\n## IT Director\n\nTel 925-222-6519 chris.brassart@usanorth811.org\n\n# Collin Miyadi\n\n## Marketing & Education Manager\n\nTel 925-222-6507 collin.miyadi@usanorth811.org\n\n# Bryan Harris\n\n## Outreach Specialist\n\nTel 925-222-6514 bryan.harris@usanorth811.org\n\n# Linda Whitley\n\n## Administrative Services Manager\n\nTel 925-222-6517 linda.whitley@usanorth811.org\n\n# Rita Hughes\n\n## Human Resources Analyst\n\nTel 925-222-6511 rita.hughes@usanorth811.org\n\n# Bethany Dillon\n\n## Bookkeeper\n\nTel 925-222-6508 bethany.dillon@usanorth811.org\n\n# Stephen Baker\n\n## System Administrator\n\nTel 925-222-6504 stephen.baker@usanorth811.org\n\n# Malina Galvan\n\n## Operations Supervisor\n\nTel 925-222-6500 malina.galvan@usanorth811.org\n\n# Amber Williams\n\n## Operations Supervisor\n\nTel 925-222-6509 amber.williams@usanorth811.org\n\n# Ariel Matty\n\n## Operations Supervisor\n\nTel 925-222-6510 ariel.matty@usanorth811.org\n\n# Chris Botting\n\n## Web Operations Supervisor\n\nTel 925-222-6518 weboperations@usanorth811.org\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20190614202654/https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Build a Firewood Shed","passages":["For me, heating with firewood is more about feeling self-sufficient than it is about lowering my utility bills. I also like cutting and splitting logs. It's good exercise and the source of my wife's wry nickname for me, the Saturday Lumberjack. But storing and keeping the wood dry is a hassle. Tarps can trap moisture, promote rot, and be difficult to remove after a snowfall. And stacking the wood inside is a poor choice, unless you enjoy the company of insects and mice.","The solution is a simple shed. I designed the one you see above, which involves basic post-and-beam carpentry, to create an attractive storage unit for more than a cord. It keeps the wood from getting soggy and leaves the critters out in the cold, just where the Saturday Lumberjack likes them to be.","Crosscut the cedar slats and side supports to the lengths shown in the plans. Of the two supports on each side, the top one is shorter than the bottom one. This provides clearance to affix the beam.","Next, notch the posts to receive the beam. Using a circular saw, make a shoulder cut and a series of cuts parallel to the shoulder, then remove the scored wood with a wide chisel. Smooth the notch's face with a rasp.","To assemble the walls, place the cross supports on a flat surface, bore pilot holes, and attach the cross supports to the posts.","It's important to accurately place the footings, or piers—it makes the build quicker and easier by preventing constant remeasuring and adjustment. We set the four corner piers in rough position and brought them into alignment with a string line. Then we used a tape measure to check the diagonals of this rectangle and to position the fifth and sixth piers relative to the perimeter.","Using a string level, we adjusted the height of the piers. Next, we placed the plastic end caps on the bottom of the posts and raised each wall on its piers.","Measure the distance between the walls, then crosscut the long joists and bolt them to the posts. Do the same with the beams.","Measure the height from the center piers to their respective beams to determine the position of the shoulder cut on the center posts. Notch the two center posts, set them on their piers, plumb them, and bolt them into position.","Crosscut the remaining joists and fasten them, as noted in the diagram, with joist hangers, joist hanger nails, 16d common nails, or 31⁄2-inch deck screws. Crosscut the floor pieces and screw them to the long and short joists. Make yourself a small jig from scrap lumber to speed accurate spacing between each piece of flooring. Even better, make two. Place one at the front and another at the rear of each deck piece. Fasten the deck pieces with the jig in place. Lift the jigs out, position the next piece of decking, and repeat.","To begin, make a pattern rafter from the best 2 x 4 on hand. Mark the angled plumb cuts at the top and bottom of the rafter and the position of the bird's-mouth cuts (the notch where the rafter meets the beams). Clamp the rafter on top of the beams, check that the lines drawn are accurate, and adjust the lines as needed. Cut the rafters to length.","Place the rafter on sawhorses and clamp it firmly in place. Make the vertical cut with a circular saw, use a chisel to notch the horizontal cut where the rafter rests on the beam, then turn the rafter back upright and finish the shallow horizontal notch with a chisel.","Test-fit the pattern rafter and adjust its notches. When it fits accurately all along the beams, use it to mark and cut the remaining rafters. First, cut all the rafters to length. Then clamp together all the rafter stock, including the pattern rafter, edge up. Mark and cut all of the notches to match the pattern rafter. Use a chisel to finish each notch.","Mark the position of the rafters along the beams at 16-inch centers and carefully nail them in place. We even went so far as to set each nailhead to firmly pinch the rafter down against the beam. We nailed the front fascia in place and moved on to the skip sheathing for the roofing. Note that two pieces of sheathing are nailed on at the peak and at the base. The rest are spaced evenly between them.","After crosscutting the steel roof panels, we fastened them to the skip sheathing using self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket under the head. We drove the screws with an 18-volt drill and a socket wrench attachment, but we'd advise using a more sturdy nut driver because penetrating the roofing requires a fair amount of force. Finally, we screwed the diagonal braces to the posts.","A Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."]},"parsed_md":"How to Build a Firewood Shed\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nWatch 40+ Marine Aircraft in an Elephant Walk\n\n2\n\nThe Best Tablets You Can Buy in 2019\n\n3\n\nThis Tiny Island Is the Epicenter of Green Tech\n\n4\n\nSmart Buyer’s Guide to Light Bulbs\n\n5\n\nBuying a Knock-Off Predator Drone Is a Bad Idea\n\n# How to Build a Firewood Shed\n\n##\n\nKeep your stack of firewood from getting damp by building this simple\nenclosure.\n\nBy George Retseck\n\nSep 21, 2012\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nDownload the plans in PDF here.\n\nFor me, heating with firewood is more about feeling self-sufficient than it is\nabout lowering my utility bills. I also like cutting and splitting logs. It's\ngood exercise and the source of my wife's wry nickname for me, the Saturday\nLumberjack. But storing and keeping the wood dry is a hassle. Tarps can trap\nmoisture, promote rot, and be difficult to remove after a snowfall. And\nstacking the wood inside is a poor choice, unless you enjoy the company of\ninsects and mice.\n\nThe solution is a simple shed. I designed the one you see above, which\ninvolves basic post-and-beam carpentry, to create an attractive storage unit\nfor more than a cord. It keeps the wood from getting soggy and leaves the\ncritters out in the cold, just where the Saturday Lumberjack likes them to be.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n1 Build the Side Panels\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nCrosscut the cedar slats and side supports to the lengths shown in the plans.\nOf the two supports on each side, the top one is shorter than the bottom one.\nThis provides clearance to affix the beam.\n\nNext, notch the posts to receive the beam. Using a circular saw, make a\nshoulder cut and a series of cuts parallel to the shoulder, then remove the\nscored wood with a wide chisel. Smooth the notch's face with a rasp.\n\n2 Build the Side Panels\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nTo assemble the walls, place the cross supports on a flat surface, bore pilot\nholes, and attach the cross supports to the posts.\n\n3 Build the Side Panels\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nThen place the slats in position, apply a glob of construction adhesive, and\nscrew the slats to the supports.\n\n4 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nIt's important to accurately place the footings, or piers—it makes the build\nquicker and easier by preventing constant remeasuring and adjustment. We set\nthe four corner piers in rough position and brought them into alignment with a\nstring line. Then we used a tape measure to check the diagonals of this\nrectangle and to position the fifth and sixth piers relative to the perimeter.\n\n5 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nUsing a string level, we adjusted the height of the piers. Next, we placed the\nplastic end caps on the bottom of the posts and raised each wall on its piers.\n\n6 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nWe plumbed the walls and braced them diagonally to a stake driven into the\nground.\n\n7 Add Joists, Beams, and Posts\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nMeasure the distance between the walls, then crosscut the long joists and bolt\nthem to the posts. Do the same with the beams.\n\nMeasure the height from the center piers to their respective beams to\ndetermine the position of the shoulder cut on the center posts. Notch the two\ncenter posts, set them on their piers, plumb them, and bolt them into\nposition.\n\nCrosscut the remaining joists and fasten them, as noted in the diagram, with\njoist hangers, joist hanger nails, 16d common nails, or 31⁄2-inch deck screws.\nCrosscut the floor pieces and screw them to the long and short joists. Make\nyourself a small jig from scrap lumber to speed accurate spacing between each\npiece of flooring. Even better, make two. Place one at the front and another\nat the rear of each deck piece. Fasten the deck pieces with the jig in place.\nLift the jigs out, position the next piece of decking, and repeat.\n\n8 Add the Rafters\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nTo begin, make a pattern rafter from the best 2 x 4 on hand. Mark the angled\nplumb cuts at the top and bottom of the rafter and the position of the\nbird's-mouth cuts (the notch where the rafter meets the beams). Clamp the\nrafter on top of the beams, check that the lines drawn are accurate, and\nadjust the lines as needed. Cut the rafters to length.\n\nPlace the rafter on sawhorses and clamp it firmly in place. Make the vertical\ncut with a circular saw, use a chisel to notch the horizontal cut where the\nrafter rests on the beam, then turn the rafter back upright and finish the\nshallow horizontal notch with a chisel.\n\nTest-fit the pattern rafter and adjust its notches. When it fits accurately\nall along the beams, use it to mark and cut the remaining rafters. First, cut\nall the rafters to length. Then clamp together all the rafter stock, including\nthe pattern rafter, edge up. Mark and cut all of the notches to match the\npattern rafter. Use a chisel to finish each notch.\n\n9 Add the Rafters\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nMark the position of the rafters along the beams at 16-inch centers and\ncarefully nail them in place. We even went so far as to set each nailhead to\nfirmly pinch the rafter down against the beam. We nailed the front fascia in\nplace and moved on to the skip sheathing for the roofing. Note that two pieces\nof sheathing are nailed on at the peak and at the base. The rest are spaced\nevenly between them.\n\n10 Install the Roof and Add Firewood\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nAfter crosscutting the steel roof panels, we fastened them to the skip\nsheathing using self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket under the head. We\ndrove the screws with an 18-volt drill and a socket wrench attachment, but\nwe'd advise using a more sturdy nut driver because penetrating the roofing\nrequires a fair amount of force. Finally, we screwed the diagonal braces to\nthe posts.\n\nThe last part was the most fun—stacking a nice, neat pile of freshly split\nfirewood in our new shed.\n\nDownload the plans in PDF here.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Projects and Plans\n\nHow To Build Cornhole Boards for Memorial Day\n\nThe Importance of Overly Ambitious Projects\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n25 Ingenious Ways to Repurpose Old Junk\n\nHow to Build a Treehouse\n\n5 Big Woodworking Mistakes (And How To Avoid Them)\n\n5 DIY Projects You Can Tackle This Weekend\n\n7 Ways to Recycle Your Christmas Tree\n\nHow to Remove Sticker Residue\n\nMake Your Holiday Safe and Happy for Your Pets\n\nMake this DIY Halloween Monster With Your Kids\n\n * Projects and Plans\n * Home\n * The Super Sheds That Put Those Ready-Made Shacks to Shame\n * 10 Insanely Green Sheds (With Pictures)\n * Build Your Own Garden Shed From PM Plans\n * How to Start Woodworking in a Basement or Apartment\n * How to Build a Backyard Pergola: Simple DIY Woodworking Project\n * Reader Projects: Sheds\n * The Ultimate DIY Projects Guide\n * pinstructions\n * step-by-step\n * sheds how-to\n * diy\n * woodworking\n * home how-to\n * firewood\n * sheds\n\n * Newsletter\n * Digital Editions\n * About Us\n * Media Kit\n * Press Room\n * Contact Us\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * Customer Service\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n * Being Green\n * BestProducts\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2019 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305184247/https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/","parsed_text":{"title":"11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor","passages":["All kidding aside, all of your time in your shed is spent on your shed floor. So it's important that it's solid, dependable and also comfortable.","Because of that we are going to take a good look at the many different problems that can happen with your shed floor. We are also going to cover a few great ways to fix up your garden shed floor.","There are many things to consider when building a shed floor, most of which concern your overall comfort while working in your shed.","However, no matter what you plan to use your garden shed for, it needs to have a solid floor that is in good condition, suited to the intended use and comfortable to work on.","No one likes to work with cold feet. When your shed floor is nothing more than a concrete slab, this is a very common problem.","The same can be said of a wood floor with a crawl space underneath it. When you have to work in this type of environment, chances are good you won’t spend much time in your shed.","On top of this, if your floor is cold, it’s a sure bet the rest of your shed will be as well.","You built your shed as a place to work on projects that often take hours of your time. The last thing you need is a hard floor that makes your feet feel tired.","Concrete might provide a great foundation for your shed, but no one wants to stand for long periods of time on a bare concrete slab. All you have to do is look where the cashiers stand in most stores to see this, even store owners add a mat for their employees to stand on.","Remember the last time it rained, you stepped inside your shed and almost fell on your backside when your feet slipped out from under you?","If you live in an area where it rains a lot or for that matter even if it only rains a little, the last thing you need is a slippery garden shed floor.","Painted floors tend to be the worst for this type of problem. Many floor paints, whether the floor is made of wood or concrete, become very slippery when wet. This can make your shed a very dangerous place to hang out when it's wet outside.","So the floor in your shed is just as old as the foundation. Over time it has been subjected to hours of people walking on it, chemicals being spilled, and tools being dropped.","Your shed floor has been soaked by rain when someone left the door open, you name it and it has probably happened to the floor.","Now it has nicks, dings, splinters (if it is made of wood), and is essentially worn out. Not to mention that thanks to numerous stains and ground in dirt, it simply looks terrible.","No one wants to work in a shed with this kind of floor, close the door and go back inside the house.","When you set a ball on your shed floor does the ball stay still or roll into a corner? If it rolls away all on its own, your shed floor is definitely not level.","Doesn’t seem such a big deal? Wait until you are trying to work with a can of paint that overflows on one side or your tools roll away every time you put them down.","What about that big toolbox that won’t quite stay up against the wall because it wants to roll to the other side of your shed. No matter what a shed floor that is not level can cause a lot of problems.","There are a number of different ways to deal with these problems with your garden shed floor. Most are pretty simple and relatively inexpensive.","The most important thing to keep in mind, no matter what the problem is with your shed floor, is that if the floor is uncomfortable or unappealing, you aren’t going to spend much time in your private getaway.","Concrete is a very hard substance and is a great way to create both a foundation and a floor for you garden shed. But it stains easily and over time can begin to look ugly.","One of the best ways to seal your concrete shed floor, spruce it up, and make it look amazing is to use an epoxy coating. This is a type of paint, often available in a wide range of colors, that dries to a shiny rock hard finish.","First, you scrub the floor and prep it, then apply the epoxy coating with a roller and leave it to dry. This can take a couple of days, but it is well worth it.","The only problem with many epoxy coatings is that they can be very slippery when wet. Be sure to buy the non-slip additive and mix it into the coating before you apply it.","Concrete paint is really not much more than paint that is designed to adhere to concrete rather than being used for walls or ceilings. It is available in a wide range of colors and in matt or gloss finishes.","While it is far more durable than say wall paint, in time it will chip and flake. In fact, this type of paint chips relatively easily if you drop tools on it.","Also, worth noting is that most concrete paints require a surface that has been thoroughly cleaned of all greases and residues, something that can be hard to do if your shed floor is old and nasty.","Cement sheet flooring has a lot to offer. First, these sheets can be used over virtually any type of flooring from concrete slabs to timber frames and wood floors.","Cement sheets are moisture proof, durable, and offer a high level of stability. Cement is also impermeable to termites, ants, rot, and meets with most standards for fire resistance.","However, you will need a special tool to cut the sheets to fit in your shed and need to wear appropriate safety gear when working with it. Cement sheets are also quite heavy and can be expensive.","Timber over the top makes a great floor covering not only is it a lot softer and warmer for your feet, but it is relatively easy to cut and lay in place.","You get to choose how thick the timbers are, what type of wood they are made from, and how you finish them. Timber can be quite strong depending on your choice of woods.","However, timber can be subject to rot, stains, and in time warpage or damage that makes it less than ideal as a flooring choice.","New timber flooring can be used to create a floor in just about any type of shed. It creates a floor that gives when you walk or stand on it, making it much easier on your feet.","Wood does not transmit cold in the same manner as concrete helping your garden shed to stay warmer in the winter. Once again wood is subject to rot, termites, ants, mice, rats, and damage by several other pests. You will need to keep it sealed well or your timber will stain and become embedded with grease and oil unless you keep it clean.","New plywood is often used as the subflooring or underlayment in new home and shed construction. It is relatively strong and durable depending on the thickness and quality you purchase.","Plywood is easily damaged by water and other chemicals. You can seal and paint it for added protection, but even so, your floor will only have a limited lifespan. Your best bet is to use new plywood as a subfloor and then to cover it with timbers, tiles, carpet, or cement sheets.","No matter what type of floor you have in your garden shed, your feet are likely to get sore and cold if you plan to work in your shed for any length of time.","Take a good look around and find the most common areas where you stand while working on your projects. These are the perfect spots for pieces of old carpets.","Carpet is warm and soft, but it does get dirty and stained easily. Be prepared to swap it out on a frequent basis.","Rubber mats have been used in stores and industry as a way to relieve the strain on feet and joints often caused by long hours standing. While a wood floor may be a little softer or carpets add padding, nothing beats a good thick rubber mat.","Rubber has the added advantage of being easy to clean as well as long term durability. Good quality rubber mats can be a little on the spendy side, so be prepared to shell out some serious cash if you want good quality mats.","When your concrete slab has nicks, ding, divots, and rough spots in it, life can get pretty interesting. Your garden shed floor suddenly becomes an obstacle course as you try to move tool boxes around or try to clean up any spills and messes.","You can literally create a new floor surface by using a self-leveling compound. Simply coat the entire floor and let it sit, the compound will flow into all the nooks and crannies leaving behind a nice smooth surface. Keep in mind it could take 24 hours or longer for the compound to completely dry.","Checkerplate or diamond plate is a stainless steel or aluminum flooring that can be used to cover a wide range of floors. It is impervious to most chemicals, water, rot, and pests.","You will need to have it pre-cut to fit your shed or have special tools to cut it. It is the ideal garden shed floor for a shed where you will be performing mechanical work or storing very heavy items.","The biggest drawback to this type of flooring is that it can become slippery when wet, despite the raised patterns. On top of this, checkerplate is very expensive.","Most people don't think of flooring when they hear the word sandpaper. However, you can buy rolls of sandpaper in a range of widths and grits. All you have to do is unroll the sandpaper, peel off the backing, and stick it to a clean surface.","You will have a non-slip surface even when it is wet or oily. However, if you get the sandpaper too wet, it will fall apart. Along with this, over time the grit will wear down and the sandpaper will need to be replaced.","You should also base your final choice when building a shed floor in part on where you live. To do this you need to answer a few basic questions such as is the humidity level high, does it rain a lot, are winters very cold, do you have termites, ants, rats, or mice? All of these problems will significantly affect your final choice.","There is nothing worse than a shed floor that is stained, ugly, uneven, or damaged. If this is what you have to deal with, it's no wonder you don't spend much time out in your shed.","Take a good look at the current condition of your garden shed floor and then choose a floor covering or new floor to suit your needs."]},"parsed_md":"11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\n\n * Home →\n\n * How to Build a Shed →\n\n * The Definitive Guide to Shed Accessories →\n\n * 11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\n\n0\n\n# 11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\n\n#### Quick Navigation\n\nQuick Navigation\n\nCommon problems with Garden Shed Floors\n\n1\\. Too Cool\n\n2\\. Too Hard\n\n3\\. Slippery\n\n4\\. Old and Worn Out\n\n5\\. Not Level\n\nSolutions to Shed Floor Problems\n\n1\\. Epoxy Coating\n\n2\\. Concrete Paint\n\n3\\. Cement Sheet\n\n4\\. Timber Over the Top\n\n5\\. New Timber Flooring\n\n6\\. New Plywood Flooring Sheets\n\n7\\. Old Carpet\n\n8\\. Rubber Mat\n\n9\\. Concrete Resurfacing / Self - Levelling Compound\n\n10\\. Checkerplate or Diamond Plate\n\n11\\. Sandpaper\n\nImportant points on making your choice\n\nIn Summary...\n\nLooking for Shed Foundations? The review of the 6 most popular foundations\nused for sheds is here\n\nWHEN YOU WALK UP THE RAMP and open the door, what do you see when you look\ndown?\n\nDo you see a nice smooth shed floor that literally invites you in?\n\nDo you see a dirty, dingy mess that drives you back outside?\n\nAll kidding aside, all of your time in your shed is spent on your shed floor.\nSo it's important that it's solid, dependable and also comfortable.\n\nBecause of that we are going to take a good look at the many different\nproblems that can happen with your shed floor. We are also going to cover a\nfew great ways to fix up your garden shed floor.\n\n## Common problems with Garden Shed Floors\n\nThere are many things to consider when building a shed floor, most of which\nconcern your overall comfort while working in your shed.\n\nHowever, no matter what you plan to use your garden shed for, it needs to have\na solid floor that is in good condition, suited to the intended use and\ncomfortable to work on.\n\n### 1\\. Too Cool\n\nNo one likes to work with cold feet. When your shed floor is nothing more than\na concrete slab, this is a very common problem.\n\nThe same can be said of a wood floor with a crawl space underneath it. When\nyou have to work in this type of environment, chances are good you won’t spend\nmuch time in your shed.\n\nOn top of this, if your floor is cold, it’s a sure bet the rest of your shed\nwill be as well.\n\n### 2\\. Too Hard\n\nYou built your shed as a place to work on projects that often take hours of\nyour time. The last thing you need is a hard floor that makes your feet feel\ntired.\n\nConcrete might provide a great foundation for your shed, but no one wants to\nstand for long periods of time on a bare concrete slab. All you have to do is\nlook where the cashiers stand in most stores to see this, even store owners\nadd a mat for their employees to stand on.\n\n### 3\\. Slippery\n\nRemember the last time it rained, you stepped inside your shed and almost fell\non your backside when your feet slipped out from under you?\n\nIf you live in an area where it rains a lot or for that matter even if it only\nrains a little, the last thing you need is a slippery garden shed floor.\n\nPainted floors tend to be the worst for this type of problem. Many floor\npaints, whether the floor is made of wood or concrete, become very slippery\nwhen wet. This can make your shed a very dangerous place to hang out when it's\nwet outside.\n\n### 4\\. Old and Worn Out\n\nSo the floor in your shed is just as old as the foundation. Over time it has\nbeen subjected to hours of people walking on it, chemicals being spilled, and\ntools being dropped.\n\nYour shed floor has been soaked by rain when someone left the door open, you\nname it and it has probably happened to the floor.\n\nNow it has nicks, dings, splinters (if it is made of wood), and is essentially\nworn out. Not to mention that thanks to numerous stains and ground in dirt, it\nsimply looks terrible.\n\nNo one wants to work in a shed with this kind of floor, close the door and go\nback inside the house.\n\n### 5\\. Not Level\n\nWhen you set a ball on your shed floor does the ball stay still or roll into a\ncorner? If it rolls away all on its own, your shed floor is definitely not\nlevel.\n\nDoesn’t seem such a big deal? Wait until you are trying to work with a can of\npaint that overflows on one side or your tools roll away every time you put\nthem down.\n\nWhat about that big toolbox that won’t quite stay up against the wall because\nit wants to roll to the other side of your shed. No matter what a shed floor\nthat is not level can cause a lot of problems.\n\n## Solutions to Shed Floor Problems\n\nThere are a number of different ways to deal with these problems with your\ngarden shed floor. Most are pretty simple and relatively inexpensive.\n\nThe most important thing to keep in mind, no matter what the problem is with\nyour shed floor, is that if the floor is uncomfortable or unappealing, you\naren’t going to spend much time in your private getaway.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 1\\. Epoxy Coating\n\n#### \\- A Rock Hard Two-Part Floor Coating\n\nConcrete is a very hard substance and is a great way to create both a\nfoundation and a floor for you garden shed. But it stains easily and over time\ncan begin to look ugly.\n\nOne of the best ways to seal your concrete shed floor, spruce it up, and make\nit look amazing is to use an epoxy coating. This is a type of paint, often\navailable in a wide range of colors, that dries to a shiny rock hard finish.\n\nFirst, you scrub the floor and prep it, then apply the epoxy coating with a\nroller and leave it to dry. This can take a couple of days, but it is well\nworth it.\n\nThe only problem with many epoxy coatings is that they can be very slippery\nwhen wet. Be sure to buy the non-slip additive and mix it into the coating\nbefore you apply it.\n\nImage Courtesy ofAmazon\n\n### 2\\. Concrete Paint\n\n#### \\- A Quick Easy Way to Spruce Up Your Shed Floor\n\nConcrete paint is really not much more than paint that is designed to adhere\nto concrete rather than being used for walls or ceilings. It is available in a\nwide range of colors and in matt or gloss finishes.\n\nWhile it is far more durable than say wall paint, in time it will chip and\nflake. In fact, this type of paint chips relatively easily if you drop tools\non it.\n\nAlso, worth noting is that most concrete paints require a surface that has\nbeen thoroughly cleaned of all greases and residues, something that can be\nhard to do if your shed floor is old and nasty.\n\nImage Courtesy of Framecad\n\n### 3\\. Cement Sheet\n\n#### \\- Great Solution for Many Types of Shed Floors\n\nCement sheet flooring has a lot to offer. First, these sheets can be used over\nvirtually any type of flooring from concrete slabs to timber frames and wood\nfloors.\n\nCement sheets are moisture proof, durable, and offer a high level of\nstability. Cement is also impermeable to termites, ants, rot, and meets with\nmost standards for fire resistance.\n\nHowever, you will need a special tool to cut the sheets to fit in your shed\nand need to wear appropriate safety gear when working with it. Cement sheets\nare also quite heavy and can be expensive.\n\nImage Courtesy of Softwoods\n\n### 4\\. Timber Over the Top\n\n#### \\- For Concrete Slabs, Pavers, Timber Frame and Kit Sheds\n\nTimber over the top makes a great floor covering not only is it a lot softer\nand warmer for your feet, but it is relatively easy to cut and lay in place.\n\nYou get to choose how thick the timbers are, what type of wood they are made\nfrom, and how you finish them. Timber can be quite strong depending on your\nchoice of woods.\n\nHowever, timber can be subject to rot, stains, and in time warpage or damage\nthat makes it less than ideal as a flooring choice.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 5\\. New Timber Flooring\n\n#### \\- Another Highly Viable Flooring Option\n\nNew timber flooring can be used to create a floor in just about any type of\nshed. It creates a floor that gives when you walk or stand on it, making it\nmuch easier on your feet.\n\nWood does not transmit cold in the same manner as concrete helping your garden\nshed to stay warmer in the winter. Once again wood is subject to rot,\ntermites, ants, mice, rats, and damage by several other pests. You will need\nto keep it sealed well or your timber will stain and become embedded with\ngrease and oil unless you keep it clean.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 6\\. New Plywood Flooring Sheets\n\n#### \\- Better Used as a Sub-Floor\n\nNew plywood is often used as the subflooring or underlayment in new home and\nshed construction. It is relatively strong and durable depending on the\nthickness and quality you purchase.\n\nPlywood is easily damaged by water and other chemicals. You can seal and paint\nit for added protection, but even so, your floor will only have a limited\nlifespan. Your best bet is to use new plywood as a subfloor and then to cover\nit with timbers, tiles, carpet, or cement sheets.\n\n### 7\\. Old Carpet\n\n#### \\- Great for Small Area Coverage\n\nNo matter what type of floor you have in your garden shed, your feet are\nlikely to get sore and cold if you plan to work in your shed for any length of\ntime.\n\nTake a good look around and find the most common areas where you stand while\nworking on your projects. These are the perfect spots for pieces of old\ncarpets.\n\nCarpet is warm and soft, but it does get dirty and stained easily. Be prepared\nto swap it out on a frequent basis.\n\nImage from Amazon\n\n### 8\\. Rubber Mat\n\n#### \\- Perfect for Tired Feet\n\nRubber mats have been used in stores and industry as a way to relieve the\nstrain on feet and joints often caused by long hours standing. While a wood\nfloor may be a little softer or carpets add padding, nothing beats a good\nthick rubber mat.\n\nRubber has the added advantage of being easy to clean as well as long term\ndurability. Good quality rubber mats can be a little on the spendy side, so be\nprepared to shell out some serious cash if you want good quality mats.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 9\\. Concrete Resurfacing / Self - Levelling Compound\n\n#### \\- Perfect for Concrete Slabs or Cement Sheet\n\nWhen your concrete slab has nicks, ding, divots, and rough spots in it, life\ncan get pretty interesting. Your garden shed floor suddenly becomes an\nobstacle course as you try to move tool boxes around or try to clean up any\nspills and messes.\n\nYou can literally create a new floor surface by using a self-leveling\ncompound. Simply coat the entire floor and let it sit, the compound will flow\ninto all the nooks and crannies leaving behind a nice smooth surface. Keep in\nmind it could take 24 hours or longer for the compound to completely dry.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 10\\. Checkerplate or Diamond Plate\n\n#### \\- For Concrete Slabs, Pavers, and Timber Frame Floors\n\nCheckerplate or diamond plate is a stainless steel or aluminum flooring that\ncan be used to cover a wide range of floors. It is impervious to most\nchemicals, water, rot, and pests.\n\nYou will need to have it pre-cut to fit your shed or have special tools to cut\nit. It is the ideal garden shed floor for a shed where you will be performing\nmechanical work or storing very heavy items.\n\nThe biggest drawback to this type of flooring is that it can become slippery\nwhen wet, despite the raised patterns. On top of this, checkerplate is very\nexpensive.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 11\\. Sandpaper\n\n#### \\- A Fast Non-Slip Multipurpose Floor Covering\n\nMost people don't think of flooring when they hear the word sandpaper.\nHowever, you can buy rolls of sandpaper in a range of widths and grits. All\nyou have to do is unroll the sandpaper, peel off the backing, and stick it to\na clean surface.\n\nYou will have a non-slip surface even when it is wet or oily. However, if you\nget the sandpaper too wet, it will fall apart. Along with this, over time the\ngrit will wear down and the sandpaper will need to be replaced.\n\n## Important points on making your choice\n\nYou should also base your final choice when building a shed floor in part on\nwhere you live. To do this you need to answer a few basic questions such as is\nthe humidity level high, does it rain a lot, are winters very cold, do you\nhave termites, ants, rats, or mice? All of these problems will significantly\naffect your final choice.\n\n## In Summary...\n\nThere is nothing worse than a shed floor that is stained, ugly, uneven, or\ndamaged. If this is what you have to deal with, it's no wonder you don't spend\nmuch time out in your shed.\n\nTake a good look at the current condition of your garden shed floor and then\nchoose a floor covering or new floor to suit your needs.\n\nIf you know of any other good types of garden shed flooring contact us via the\ncontact page.\n\nIf you like what you have just read, share it on Facebook, Pinterest, or\nTwitter.\n\nThanks for reading!\n\n0 shares\n\nShare0\n\nTweet0\n\nShare +10\n\nPin0\n\nShares\n\n * Shed\n * Chickens\n * Garden\n * Patio\n\n * Home\n * About Zac Spade of Zacs Garden\n * Privacy Policy\n * Thank You for Making This Happen\n * Contact Zac\n\nThis website uses cookies to help improve your experience. Details here.\n\n * Home\n * About Zac Spade of Zacs Garden\n * Privacy Policy\n * Thank You for Making This Happen\n * Contact Zac\n\nCopyright text 2021 by Zacs Garden. Privacy Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200407153438/https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Use a Speed Square","passages":["Speed squares aren't just for marking 90- and 45-degree angles when you're cutting 2x4s. You can use a speed square to find roof pitches, guide your circular saw and more—including marking any angle from 0 to 90 degrees.","Ever wonder why every contractor you see has a triangular square stuck in his tool belt? This dandy little tool is often called a speed square, and it can offer you the biggest bang for the buck in your toolbox. I picked up the one shown in the photos for $3 at a home center in 1999. This tool has dozens of uses; here are three of our favorites.","Place the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the fat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level. Read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.","Swing the rafter square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Shown being marked is a 33-1/2 degree angle.","Speed squares are a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic rafter squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along.","With a torpedo level and a speed square, you can pretty accurately gauge the pitch of any roof with a gable end (Photo 1). The pitch tells you the amount of vertical rise (in inches) for every 12 in. of run. To find the pitch, just place the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the fat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level, and read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.","You can use the speed square to mark an angle, such as when cutting a rafter tail, by holding the pivot point against the board. Swing the square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Photo 2 shows how to use the speed square to mark a 33-1/2 degree angle—the same, as you would need on a rafter tail for a roof with an 8/12 pitch.","Before miter saws, and even since, professional carpenters used speed squares as a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along. This method works better (and safer) when right- handed users have a circular saw with the motor to the right of the blade (like the one in Photo 3).","Here are some other quirky uses we’ve heard speed squares put to: nail set, boot scraper, shim, butter knife and digging tool. It’s a good thing they don’t cost much."]},"parsed_md":"How to Use a Speed Square\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext Project\n\nSkip to main content\n\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\n\nHome Tools\n\n# How to Use a Speed Square\n\n## Get the most out of this handy little triangle\n\nNext Project›\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nSpeed squares aren't just for marking 90- and 45-degree angles when you're\ncutting 2x4s. You can use a speed square to find roof pitches, guide your\ncircular saw and more—including marking any angle from 0 to 90 degrees.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: TBD\n\n## What is a speed square?\n\nEver wonder why every contractor you see has a triangular square stuck in his\ntool belt? This dandy little tool is often called a speed square, and it can\noffer you the biggest bang for the buck in your toolbox. I picked up the one\nshown in the photos for $3 at a home center in 1999. This tool has dozens of\nuses; here are three of our favorites.\n\n## How to use your speed square\n\n### Photo 1: Finding roof pitch\n\nPlace the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the\nfat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level.\nRead the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\n\n### Photo 2: Marking angles\n\nSwing the rafter square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge,\nand make your mark. Shown being marked is a 33-1/2 degree angle.\n\n### Photo 3: Guiding saw cuts\n\nSpeed squares are a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The\nplastic rafter squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good\nfence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along.\n\nWith a torpedo level and a speed square, you can pretty accurately gauge the\npitch of any roof with a gable end (Photo 1). The pitch tells you the amount\nof vertical rise (in inches) for every 12 in. of run. To find the pitch, just\nplace the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the\nfat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level,\nand read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\n\nYou can use the speed square to mark an angle, such as when cutting a rafter\ntail, by holding the pivot point against the board. Swing the square until you\nread the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Photo 2 shows\nhow to use the speed square to mark a 33-1/2 degree angle—the same, as you\nwould need on a rafter tail for a roof with an 8/12 pitch.\n\nBefore miter saws, and even since, professional carpenters used speed squares\nas a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic squares\nare thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a\ncircular saw to ride along. This method works better (and safer) when right-\nhanded users have a circular saw with the motor to the right of the blade\n(like the one in Photo 3).\n\nHere are some other quirky uses we’ve heard speed squares put to: nail set,\nboot scraper, shim, butter knife and digging tool. It’s a good thing they\ndon’t cost much.\n\n## Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Circular saw\n * Speed square\n\nYou’ll also need a torpedo level.\n\n## Similar Projects\n\nImpact Drill: What It Is and When Do You Use it?\n\nDrill Press: What it is and When Do You Use it?\n\nWhat Is a Chop Saw?\n\nTop Cordless Drill Drivers for 2020\n\nTim Allen Wants to Reboot Home Improvement\n\nWalmart Releases HART, a New Line of Tools Made for DIYers\n\nThe Best New Things at Harbor Freight Right Now\n\n19 Classic Handy Tool Tips and Tricks\n\n20 Amazing Storage Products from Harbor Freight\n\n8 Clever Tool Hacks\n\nTips for Ripping Wood\n\nThis Is What You Should Spend Your Home Depot Gift Cards On This Year\n\nBest Snow Blowers for 2020\n\n10 New Hart Tools DIYers Should Buy at Walmart Immediately\n\n8 Tool Maintenance Tips You Need to Follow\n\n10 Best Snow Shovels on the Market\n\nWhat Is a Scroll Saw?\n\n10 Tools That Will Last You a Lifetime\n\n12 Amazing Hardware Storage Containers for Your Workshop\n\n30 Secret Tool Tips for DIYers\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n##### Read Next\n\nImpact Drill: What It Is and When Do You Use it?\n\nDrill Press: What it is and When Do You Use it?\n\nWhat Is a Chop Saw?\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nDo it right, do it yourself!\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and 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Plans\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004944/https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625","parsed_text":{"title":"1.3 Codes and Standards","passages":["Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.","Federal Law. The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312 (formerly section 21 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959, 40 U.S.C. 619), require that each building constructed or altered by GSA or any other federal agency shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be in compliance with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other applicable nationally recognized codes.","Nationally Recognized Codes. For all design and construction work performed on federal buildings by GSA or those functions under GSA’s construction authority, GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the following nationally recognized codes referred to in this subsection. The technical requirements of these nationally recognized codes will supplement other GSA requirements mandated by Federal Laws and Executive Orders, as well as other GSA criteria noted within this document that has been established to meet our customers needs and their unique requirements. In addition, the latest edition of the nationally recognized codes, including the current accumulative supplements, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used throughout design and construction of that project.","Building Code. The International Code Council (ICC) is a consolidated organization that is comprised of what was formerly the Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO), and the Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc. (SBCCI). Based upon this consolidation and consistent with GSA’s established national policy, the GSA will utilize the technical requirements of the family of codes issued by ICC in lieu of the National Building Code (published by BOCA), the Uniform Building Code (published by ICBO), and the Standard Building Code (published by SBCCI).","The ICC family of codes includes, but is not limited to: International Building Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), International Plumbing Code (IPC), International Mechanical Code (IMC), and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). The ICC family of codes is available through www.iccsafe.org/ .","Furthermore, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has established its own family of national model codes and standards. Consistent with GSA's long-standing policy to comply with local codes and standards to the maximum extent practicable, NFPA codes may be used (to the maximum extent practicable) in jurisdictions where NFPA codes have been duly adopted by that locality.","Life Safety Code. GSA has adopted the technical egress requirements of the NFPA, Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), in lieu of the technical egress requirements of the IBC. NFPA 101 is available through www.nfpa.org/.","National Electric Code. GSA has adopted the technical electrical requirements of the NFPA, National Electric Code (NFPA 70), in lieu of the technical electrical requirements of the ICC Electrical Code. The National Electrical Code is available through www.nfpa.org/.","State and Local Codes. GSA recognizes that the national building codes are typically the foundation of state and local building codes. However, state and local codes also represent important regional interests and conditions. As such, state and local building codes shall also be followed to the maximum extent practicable.","Legally, however, buildings built on federal property are exempt from state and local building codes. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable.","National Standards. The latest edition of the nationally recognized standards herein, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used during design and construction.","Lease Construction. Lease construction is defined as new construction of a building for Government use in response to GSA’s formal solicitation for offers. The construction may be either on a pre-selected site assigned by GSA to the successful offeror or on the offeror’s site. Therefore, the building will be developed on private land and the building will be leased to GSA. In these cases, the applicable State and local government codes apply. The developer/owner (i.e., offeror) must also obtain the necessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government officials. The Facilities Standards do not apply to Lease Construction, it does, however, apply to Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase and is recommended for significant build-to-lease buildings. For requirements for Lease Construction see SFO specific program, i.e. seismic, environmental, fire safety, accessibility, etc.","Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase. In cases where GSA’s formal solicitation for offers has an option for GSA to purchase the building at a future date, the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes and requirements apply as well as the applicable state and local government codes. Should a conflict exist between applicable State and local government codes and the GSA requirements, the GSA requirements take precedence. However, GSA shall carefully consider each conflict based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. In addition, the developer/owner must also obtain the necessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government officials as well as from GSA.","Conflicts between Nationally Recognized Codes and GSA Requirements. To ensure flexibility, it is GSA policy to make maximum use of equivalency clauses in all nationally recognized codes. Should a conflict exist between GSA requirements and the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes, the GSA requirement shall prevail. All code conflicts shall be brought to the attention of the GSA project manager for resolution.","Code Requirements for Alterations. Generally, involved building systems need only be upgraded to correct deficiencies identified by GSA, unless the entire building is being renovated. All new work is required to meet the applicable nationally recognized codes adopted by GSA and interpreted by the specific GSA Region. If only a portion of the building is being renovated, the IBC shall be evaluated to determine if the entire building must be brought up to code compliance. Any questions or concerns should be discussed with the GSA project manager.","Zoning Laws. During the planning process and development of associated environmental documentation for new construction and renovation projects, GSA shall consider all requirements (other than procedural requirements) of zoning laws, design guidelines, and other similar laws of the state and/or local government. This includes, but is not limited to, laws relating to landscaping, open space, building setbacks, maximum height of the building, historic preservation, and aesthetic qualities of a building. The project design team is to fully address such laws and requirements in their planning and design documents. Any proposed deviations from such laws are to be documented, fully justified, and brought to the attention of the GSA project manager for resolution.","Local regulations must be followed without exception in the design of systems that have a direct impact on off-site terrain or utility systems (such as storm water run-off, erosion control, sanitary sewers and storm drains and water, gas, electrical power and communications, emergency vehicle access, and roads and bridges).","With respect to the number of parking spaces, the requirements stated in the building program take precedence over zoning ordinances in all cases. Although GSA may not be able to directly compensate for displaced parking (as a result of site acquisition), the project team should seek creative alternatives and partnerships to address parking concerns brought about by GSA’s development. Considerations may include shared parking facilities and strategies to encourage transit use.","State and Local Government Consultation, Review, and Inspections. The GSA project manager shall provide to the appropriate state and/or local government officials the opportunity to review the project for compatibility with local plans, zoning compliance, building code compliance, and construction inspections. This must occur early in project design so that the design can easily respond to appropriate recommendations. This includes, but is not limited to the review of drawings and specifications, any on-site inspections, issuing building permits, and making recommendations for compliance with local regulations and compatibility with local fire fighting practices. The GSA project manager shall also inform the state and local government officials that GSA and its contractors will not be required to pay any amount for any action taken by the State and/or local government officials to carry out their mission. However, GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation from state and/or local government officials.","Zoning and other considerations relating to urban design issues. The design team should offer local officials an opportunity to informally review and comment on the design concept, for compatibility with local plans, zoning, and design guidelines. Key design milestones, such as at initial concepts and around the project’s peer review sessions, offer logical timeframes for these reviews and can be especially helpful to the designers. If local officials choose to review the concept, the GSA project manager should establish a concise window in which comments can be accepted (e.g., no longer than 30 days), and this should be coordinated with the project design schedule. If local officials choose not to review the design concept, this should be noted in the project file.","Design review for code compliance. If the state and local government officials elect to review building designs for code compliance (i.e., final concepts, preliminary designs, and final working drawings), such design submissions will be officially forwarded to the appropriate local officials by the GSA project manager. Local officials will be provided 30 days for their review and comment in writing for each proposed design submission, with no time extensions. If comments are not received after the commenting period is over, the GSA project manager will proceed with project execution.","Construction Inspections. If the state and local government officials elect to perform code compliance construction inspections, the GSA project manager shall include special provisions in the A/E’s and each contractor’s contract to handle the additional requirement of coordinating their work with state and local government officials. Any findings resulting from such inspections by the state and local government officials shall be immediately communicated to the GSA project manager for consideration. It is to be clearly understood by all parties (e.g., state and local government officials, construction contractors, GSA, etc.) that the state and local government officials do not have the authority to reject, accept, or make changes to the work and is there only to assist GSA in achieving code compliance. State and local government recommendations. The GSA project manager should make an effort to incorporate state and local government recommendations when reasonable and when in the best interest of the government. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable. GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation. The GSA project manager shall maintain a record of all recommendations and comments from state and local government officials for the duration of the project."]},"parsed_md":"1.3 Codes and Standards | GSA\n\nSkip to main content\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nHere’s how you know\n\nOfficial websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government\norganization in the United States.\n\nSecure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely\nconnected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official,\nsecure websites.\n\nU.S. General Services Administration\n\n# 1.3 Codes and Standards\n\nFederal Law. The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312 (formerly\nsection 21 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959, 40 U.S.C. 619), require that\neach building constructed or altered by GSA or any other federal agency shall,\nto the maximum extent feasible, be in compliance with one of the nationally\nrecognized model building codes and with other applicable nationally\nrecognized codes.\n\nNationally Recognized Codes. For all design and construction work performed on\nfederal buildings by GSA or those functions under GSA’s construction\nauthority, GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the following\nnationally recognized codes referred to in this subsection. The technical\nrequirements of these nationally recognized codes will supplement other GSA\nrequirements mandated by Federal Laws and Executive Orders, as well as other\nGSA criteria noted within this document that has been established to meet our\ncustomers needs and their unique requirements. In addition, the latest edition\nof the nationally recognized codes, including the current accumulative\nsupplements, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used\nthroughout design and construction of that project.\n\nBuilding Code. The International Code Council (ICC) is a consolidated\norganization that is comprised of what was formerly the Building Officials and\nCode Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), the International Conference\nof Building Officials (ICBO), and the Southern Building Code Congress\nInternational, Inc. (SBCCI). Based upon this consolidation and consistent with\nGSA’s established national policy, the GSA will utilize the technical\nrequirements of the family of codes issued by ICC in lieu of the National\nBuilding Code (published by BOCA), the Uniform Building Code (published by\nICBO), and the Standard Building Code (published by SBCCI).\n\nThe ICC family of codes includes, but is not limited to: International\nBuilding Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), International Plumbing\nCode (IPC), International Mechanical Code (IMC), and the International Energy\nConservation Code (IECC). The ICC family of codes is available through\nwww.iccsafe.org/ .\n\nFurthermore, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has established\nits own family of national model codes and standards. Consistent with GSA's\nlong-standing policy to comply with local codes and standards to the maximum\nextent practicable, NFPA codes may be used (to the maximum extent practicable)\nin jurisdictions where NFPA codes have been duly adopted by that locality.\n\nLife Safety Code. GSA has adopted the technical egress requirements of the\nNFPA, Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), in lieu of the technical egress\nrequirements of the IBC. NFPA 101 is available through www.nfpa.org/.\n\nNational Electric Code. GSA has adopted the technical electrical requirements\nof the NFPA, National Electric Code (NFPA 70), in lieu of the technical\nelectrical requirements of the ICC Electrical Code. The National Electrical\nCode is available through www.nfpa.org/.\n\nState and Local Codes. GSA recognizes that the national building codes are\ntypically the foundation of state and local building codes. However, state and\nlocal codes also represent important regional interests and conditions. As\nsuch, state and local building codes shall also be followed to the maximum\nextent practicable.\n\nLegally, however, buildings built on federal property are exempt from state\nand local building codes. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with\nstate and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable.\n\nNational Standards. The latest edition of the nationally recognized standards\nherein, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used during\ndesign and construction.\n\nLease Construction. Lease construction is defined as new construction of a\nbuilding for Government use in response to GSA’s formal solicitation for\noffers. The construction may be either on a pre-selected site assigned by GSA\nto the successful offeror or on the offeror’s site. Therefore, the building\nwill be developed on private land and the building will be leased to GSA. In\nthese cases, the applicable State and local government codes apply. The\ndeveloper/owner (i.e., offeror) must also obtain the necessary building\npermits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government\nofficials. The Facilities Standards do not apply to Lease Construction, it\ndoes, however, apply to Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase\nand is recommended for significant build-to-lease buildings. For requirements\nfor Lease Construction see SFO specific program, i.e. seismic, environmental,\nfire safety, accessibility, etc.\n\nLease Construction with Government Option to Purchase. In cases where GSA’s\nformal solicitation for offers has an option for GSA to purchase the building\nat a future date, the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes and requirements\napply as well as the applicable state and local government codes. Should a\nconflict exist between applicable State and local government codes and the GSA\nrequirements, the GSA requirements take precedence. However, GSA shall\ncarefully consider each conflict based on adequacy, cost, and nationally\naccepted practice. In addition, the developer/owner must also obtain the\nnecessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or\nlocal government officials as well as from GSA.\n\nConflicts between Nationally Recognized Codes and GSA Requirements. To ensure\nflexibility, it is GSA policy to make maximum use of equivalency clauses in\nall nationally recognized codes. Should a conflict exist between GSA\nrequirements and the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes, the GSA\nrequirement shall prevail. All code conflicts shall be brought to the\nattention of the GSA project manager for resolution.\n\nCode Requirements for Alterations. Generally, involved building systems need\nonly be upgraded to correct deficiencies identified by GSA, unless the entire\nbuilding is being renovated. All new work is required to meet the applicable\nnationally recognized codes adopted by GSA and interpreted by the specific GSA\nRegion. If only a portion of the building is being renovated, the IBC shall be\nevaluated to determine if the entire building must be brought up to code\ncompliance. Any questions or concerns should be discussed with the GSA project\nmanager.\n\nZoning Laws. During the planning process and development of associated\nenvironmental documentation for new construction and renovation projects, GSA\nshall consider all requirements (other than procedural requirements) of zoning\nlaws, design guidelines, and other similar laws of the state and/or local\ngovernment. This includes, but is not limited to, laws relating to\nlandscaping, open space, building setbacks, maximum height of the building,\nhistoric preservation, and aesthetic qualities of a building. The project\ndesign team is to fully address such laws and requirements in their planning\nand design documents. Any proposed deviations from such laws are to be\ndocumented, fully justified, and brought to the attention of the GSA project\nmanager for resolution.\n\nLocal regulations must be followed without exception in the design of systems\nthat have a direct impact on off-site terrain or utility systems (such as\nstorm water run-off, erosion control, sanitary sewers and storm drains and\nwater, gas, electrical power and communications, emergency vehicle access, and\nroads and bridges).\n\nWith respect to the number of parking spaces, the requirements stated in the\nbuilding program take precedence over zoning ordinances in all cases. Although\nGSA may not be able to directly compensate for displaced parking (as a result\nof site acquisition), the project team should seek creative alternatives and\npartnerships to address parking concerns brought about by GSA’s development.\nConsiderations may include shared parking facilities and strategies to\nencourage transit use.\n\nIn the case of leased facilities built on private land, all local zoning\nordinances apply.\n\nState and Local Government Consultation, Review, and Inspections. The GSA\nproject manager shall provide to the appropriate state and/or local government\nofficials the opportunity to review the project for compatibility with local\nplans, zoning compliance, building code compliance, and construction\ninspections. This must occur early in project design so that the design can\neasily respond to appropriate recommendations. This includes, but is not\nlimited to the review of drawings and specifications, any on-site inspections,\nissuing building permits, and making recommendations for compliance with local\nregulations and compatibility with local fire fighting practices. The GSA\nproject manager shall also inform the state and local government officials\nthat GSA and its contractors will not be required to pay any amount for any\naction taken by the State and/or local government officials to carry out their\nmission. However, GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local\ngovernment officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based\non adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the\nfinal authority to accept or reject any recommendation from state and/or local\ngovernment officials.\n\nZoning and other considerations relating to urban design issues. The design\nteam should offer local officials an opportunity to informally review and\ncomment on the design concept, for compatibility with local plans, zoning, and\ndesign guidelines. Key design milestones, such as at initial concepts and\naround the project’s peer review sessions, offer logical timeframes for these\nreviews and can be especially helpful to the designers. If local officials\nchoose to review the concept, the GSA project manager should establish a\nconcise window in which comments can be accepted (e.g., no longer than 30\ndays), and this should be coordinated with the project design schedule. If\nlocal officials choose not to review the design concept, this should be noted\nin the project file.\n\nDesign review for code compliance. If the state and local government officials\nelect to review building designs for code compliance (i.e., final concepts,\npreliminary designs, and final working drawings), such design submissions will\nbe officially forwarded to the appropriate local officials by the GSA project\nmanager. Local officials will be provided 30 days for their review and comment\nin writing for each proposed design submission, with no time extensions. If\ncomments are not received after the commenting period is over, the GSA project\nmanager will proceed with project execution.\n\nConstruction Inspections. If the state and local government officials elect to\nperform code compliance construction inspections, the GSA project manager\nshall include special provisions in the A/E’s and each contractor’s contract\nto handle the additional requirement of coordinating their work with state and\nlocal government officials. Any findings resulting from such inspections by\nthe state and local government officials shall be immediately communicated to\nthe GSA project manager for consideration. It is to be clearly understood by\nall parties (e.g., state and local government officials, construction\ncontractors, GSA, etc.) that the state and local government officials do not\nhave the authority to reject, accept, or make changes to the work and is there\nonly to assist GSA in achieving code compliance. State and local government\nrecommendations. The GSA project manager should make an effort to incorporate\nstate and local government recommendations when reasonable and when in the\nbest interest of the government. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply\nwith state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable. GSA\nshall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials.\nEach recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and\nnationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept\nor reject any recommendation. The GSA project manager shall maintain a record\nof all recommendations and comments from state and local government officials\nfor the duration of the project.\n\nLast Reviewed: 2019-02-26\n\n#### Home\n\n#### Resources for ...\n\n * Americans with Disabilities\n * Citizens and Consumers\n * Federal Employees\n * Federal Agencies\n * GSA Employees\n * Native American Tribes\n * Presidential & Congressional Commissions, Boards or Small Agencies\n * Small Businesses\n * State and Local Governments\n\n#### Governmentwide Initiatives\n\n * Centers of Excellence\n * Cybersecurity\n * Digital Strategy\n * FedRAMP\n * GSA Open Data\n * Identity, Credentials, and Access Management\n * Open Government\n * Plain Language\n * Sustainability\n * Information Quality\n * Total Workplace\n\n#### Customer Support\n\n * Contact Us\n * Customer Service Directors\n * Vendor Support Center\n\n#### Organization\n\n * Leadership Directory\n * Board of Contract Appeals\n * Office of Inspector General\n * Staff Directory\n\n#### Reference\n\n * Agency Financial Report\n * Budget and Performance\n * Catalogs\n * Orders & Directives\n * Forms\n * Freedom of Information Act Requests\n * No FEAR Act\n * Reports\n\n#### Website Information\n\n * A-Z Index\n * Accessibility\n * Sitemap\n * Website Policies\n\n#### Also of Interest\n\n * Data.gov\n * USA.gov\n * Whitehouse.gov\n\n#### Tools\n\n * eBuy\n * eLibrary\n * FBF.gov\n * GSA Advantage\n * GSA Auctions\n * All GSA Web Tools\n\n### U.S. General Services Administration\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * LinkedIn\n\n * Youtube\n\n * Instagram\n\n * Blog\n\n * Email\n\n### Join the Conversation\n\nFeedback\n\nTop\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201129165910/https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o","parsed_text":{"title":"","passages":[]},"parsed_md":"\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416173520/https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/","parsed_text":{"title":"Excavation safety","passages":["Avoid underground services and make sure not to undermine nearby structures – use safe digging practice and dig away from them.","Excavation failures are particularly dangerous because they may occur quickly, limiting the ability of workers (and in some cases others nearby) to escape, especially if the collapse is extensive.","The speed of an excavation collapse increases the risk associated with this type of work. The consequences are significant as the falling earth can bury or crush any person in its path resulting in death by suffocation or internal crush injuries.","This guideline is for persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs), workers, upstream PCBUs, and competent people involved in excavation work.","All work involving excavations must comply with the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) and all relevant regulations, including the Health and Safety in Employment Regulations 1995 (the HSE Regulations) and the Health and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations 2016 (the GRWM Regulations).","This guideline does not apply to shafts associated with mining operations, or tunnelling operations, which are regulated under the Health and Safety at Work (Mining Operations and Quarrying Operations) Regulations 2016 (the MOQO Regulations).","Some industries have guidelines that deal with specific problems faced in their working environments, such as the electricity sector or plant and machinery hire. When deciding how to do a job safely, make sure to check any industry specific guidance.","Excavation work generally means work involving the removal of soil or rock from a site to form an open face, hole or cavity, using tools, machinery or explosives.","Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or underground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access or locate existing services.","Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or underground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access or locate existing services.","A trench is a long narrow excavation which is deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface along its length.","When a retaining wall is built, an open excavation becomes a trench formed by an excavated face on one side, and a retaining wall on the other. Usually workers need to access this trench to work, for example for waterproofing the retaining wall.","Drives are small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or elsewhere, for example, under roads. Cutting a drive is particularly hazardous as it introduces the risk of trapping workers with no alternative escape route.","Shafts and drives are often constructed to provide access or ventilation to a tunnel. Shallow shafts can be sunk for investigating or constructing foundations, dewatering, or providing openings to underground facilities.","HSWA defines the roles and responsibilities of different duty holders. These include PCBUs, officers, workers and other persons at workplaces.","While a PCBU may be an individual or an organisation, usually the PCBU will be an organisation, for example a business entity such as a company.","All PCBUs must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of workers and other people are not put at risk by their work. This is the primary duty of care.","providing information, training, instruction or supervision necessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety from work","A PCBU that manages or controls a workplace must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the workplace, the means of entering or exiting the workplace, and anything arising from the workplace are without health and safety risks to any person. For example, before leaving the site unattended for the night, make sure it and any plant and equipment are safe and secure.","More than one PCBU can have a duty to the same matter. Where this happens the PCBUs have overlapping duties. This might happen in a:","shared workplace (eg a building site), where more than one PCBU and its workers control and influence the work on site","PCBUs that share no contractual relationship may still share overlapping duties, such as when they work on the same site.","PCBUs must discharge their overlapping duties to the extent they have the ability to influence and control the matter, and must so far as is reasonably practicable, co-operate, co-ordinate and consult with others in the workplace. For example:","Upstream PCBUs infl uence and sometimes eliminate health and safety risks through, for example, designing or manufacturing products that are safe for the end user. Upstream PCBUs must consider potential health and safety risks of their products that could reasonably be expected to be used at a workplace.","Designers of temporary works or suppliers of plant used by the PCBU are examples of upstream PCBUs in excavation work.","engage with workers on health and safety matters that affect or are likely to affect them, so far as is reasonably practicable","Both duties involve two-way communication in a ‘conversation’ about health and safety. Everyone involved in health and safety must be able to contribute and have their opinion considered when decisions are made.","Have deliberate, planned ways to engage and support participation. Each PCBU can determine the best way to meet its duties, depending on workers’ views and needs, the size of the organisation and the nature of its risks.","A worker is an individual who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU and includes employees, contractors, sub-contractors, apprentices and trainees, and volunteer workers. Workers’ responsibilities include:","complying, so far as reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so the PCBU can comply with the law","telling the PCBU when they become aware the PPE is damaged or defective, or when it needs to be cleaned or decontaminated.","An officer is a person with a specific role in an organisation or a person with the ability to exercise significant influence over the management of the business or undertaking. Organisations can have more than one officer. An officer includes, for example, company directors, and chief executives.","Officers have a duty to exercise due diligence to ensure the PCBU complies with their duties under HSWA. Each officer has a duty – it is not a joint duty.","Other people at a workplace must take reasonable care of their own health and safety and that of others. However, PCBU’s have the most influence and control over what has created the risk at the workplace, and have the primary duty of care to ensure other people’s health and safety is not at risk from the work.","Other people at a workplace potentially at risk from work activities include volunteers, customers, passers-by, visitors, other PCBUs, or workers of another entity.","Think broadly about the work and make sure, so far as is reasonably practicable, other people’s health and safety is not put at risk from work being done or from anything else at the workplace.","In this guideline, ‘competent person’ refers to the temporary works designer, who should be competent to assess and manage the risks relevant to the excavation’s depth and have a working knowledge of this guideline. A competent person is a person who has acquired through training, qualification or experience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.","Table 1 and table 2 (below) set out some recommended competencies for this competent person. The tables show what level of competence is appropriate for increasingly complex excavations.","On sites requiring multiple schemes or different temporary works disciplines, one competent person may not have experience across all the disciplines of temporary works and may require additional technical support on site.","Each excavation has its own unique set of considerations to address during the design process, some of which may not be immediately apparent. Therefore, make an assessment of the appropriate level of competence for each individual excavation.","Experience and competence can be gained via different routes and with lesser qualifications (subject to formal assessment of individual skills) or exemptions made where close supervision/mentoring is provided by others. In some workplaces, the same person could fulfil a number of roles (such as designer and supervisor), depending on their level of competency.","Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6, waller and brace solution up to 6 m in depth)","Shafts and drives framed with timber or steel with poling boards, lagging or laths. Supported by pre-cast concrete, steel caissons/plates etc","(1) Generally flat open ground, with little or no surcharge loading, favourable ground conditions, off set from nearby structures and sensitive infrastructure. Groundwater can be controlled with simple methods, such as a sump pump arrangement.","(2) Shoring that comes with documents stating what depths or soil pressure it can be used to (eg slide-rail shoring). Alternatively, shoring designed to specific soil load profiles (eg trench shields).","(3) Through training qualifications or experience, has acquired the knowledge and skills to competently excavate to this depth, for example:","* someone who has industry training and expertise, experience, knowledge and skills to excavate to this excavation’s depth and type\n\n* a Chartered Professional Engineer with experience designing temporary works, holding formal Engineering qualifications (eg Civil, Structural or Geotechnical).\n(4) Can verify the design and carry out monitoring, depending on the risks identified in the risk assessment","(5) The conditions may include very weak or sensitive soils, groundwater that require specialist dewatering or locations near structures and sensitive infrastructure. These conditions would result in an elevated risk when constructing the excavation.","Risk management involves thinking more broadly about risk, not just spotting work-related hazards. Think about the root cause of any harmful event, the likelihood it will occur, the consequences if it does and the steps to take to eliminate or minimise the risk.","PCBUs must manage all health and safety risks with excavation work. Remember to consult, co-operate and co-ordinate with other PCBUs and to engage with workers.","if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risk – minimise the risk so far as is reasonably practicable","review, and if necessary revise controls to maintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, a work environment that does not have risks to health and safety.","The first step in the risk management process is to identify hazards which could injure or harm anyone. A good hazard identification process is the key to risk management.","Identify hazards and controls before the work starts. It may not be possible to control all hazards before work starts – so identify the controls and implement them when required.","Complete and monitor hazard identification regularly to make sure controls are working and that no new hazards have been introduced.","consider hazards that may be created by other site users, or if the excavation activities could create hazards for others (eg traffic management)","task analysis: identify the hazards involved in each task. Some workplaces use job safety analysis (JSA) or task analysis (TA) to do this","PCBUs must manage risks that could result from work. Risks to health and safety arise from people being exposed to hazards (sources of harm). Carry out a risk assessment when:","a work activity involves different hazards, and the workers involved do not know how those hazards interact to produce new or greater risks","workplace changes may impact on the effectiveness of controls > new or different risks are associated with a change in work systems or work location.","PCBUs must eliminate risks so far as is reasonably practicable. If a risk cannot be eliminated, it must be minimised so far as is reasonably practicable.","To decide what is ‘reasonably practicable’, PCBUs must weigh up all relevant matters. Those matters include, but are not limited to:","Only consider cost after assessing the extent of the risk and the available ways of eliminating or minimising the risk.","There are times when certain work risks must be dealt with in a specified way. For example, there are specific requirements in regulations about dealing with the risks arising from carrying out remote or isolated work or work dealing with hazardous substances such as asbestos.","Some controls are more effective than others. Controls can be ranked from the highest level of protection and reliability to the lowest. This ranking is known as the hierarchy of controls.","Isolation: Isolate means preventing contact or exposure to the risk. For example, using concrete barriers to separate pedestrians and mobile plant.","Engineering controls: For example benching, battering or shoring the sides of the excavation to reduce the risk of ground collapse.","If risk remains, it must be minimised by implementing administrative controls, so far as is reasonably practicable, for example by installing warning signs near the excavation.","Minimise any remaining risk with suitable PPE, for example hard hats, hearing protectors and high-visibility vests. Administrative controls and PPE rely on human behaviour and supervision. Used on their own, they tend to be the least effective in minimising risks.","excavating plant: if quantities are large, it may be effective to use diff erent types of plant for the various materials undergoing excavation","when the control is not effective in controlling the risk (eg if there has been an incident or near miss)","before a change at the workplace that is likely to give rise to a new or different health and safety risk that the control may not eff ectively control","Common review methods include workplace inspections, consultation, testing and analysing records and data. When reviewing controls, review the safe system of work or task analysis and revise it if necessary.","If problems are found, go back through the risk management steps, review the information and make further decisions about controls.","Planning involves identifying the hazards, assessing risks and deciding suitable controls in consultation with everyone involved in the work including other PCBUs, workers, competent people, and mobile plant operators.","Consider the site factors, hazards and the unique characteristics of the site. The nature of the excavation work will affect the selection of an excavation method and a safe system of work. The ground conditions will have a significant impact on what excavation method to select and the controls to use.","Other risks associated with excavation work, including any connected work such as construction, must also be controlled so they do not cause harm to anyone.","A safe system of work sets out how a piece of work or a project will be completed safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.","Implement a safe system of work before excavation work starts to make sure the excavation happens in the right location with the right plant and equipment on site and with the right workers with relevant competencies.","Make sure to engage with workers carrying out the excavation work and their representatives, and if you are working with other PCBUs, co-operate, co- ordinate and consult with them so far as is reasonably practicable.","inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)","Services include gas, water, stormwater, sewerage, telecommunications and electricity supply, chemicals, fuel and refrigerant in pipes or lines. The PCBU must identify and manage hazards and risks associated with underground and overhead services in the planning and design stages. In the first instance, contact the service owner for advice prior to works commencing.","For information on the risks of work around utility service see section 5.7 and WorkSafe’s Guide for Safety with Underground Services.","Before any excavation takes place workers should know what is underground and what is overhead. Consider services present until it is proven they are not there.","Knowledge about what energy sources the services actually carry is essential. Service markings and colours can vary from current national standards and the service owner should be able to provide specific information.","Check service depths as they may vary from the plan (eg the ground cover may have been altered since the service was laid). Pothole to determine service location and depth.","Make sure mobile plant access and egress is safe by checking the proximity of overhead services and the ground strength for access routes (eg check for underground drainage pipes, service ducts, soak wells, and storage tanks).","Check workers are competent to complete the tasks. This will include giving a briefing and assessing that plant, equipment (including safety and protective equipment), tools, and procedures are fit-for-purpose.","How will you work with the service owner and get permission? This may be required to approach services using hand-held mechanical tools, or mechanical methods, and to backfill the excavation.","How will you provide underground service plans and related information to other parties, such as other PCBUs and workers operating mobile plant?","Excavation work may seriously affect the stability of any structure near the excavation. This may lead to structural failure, or ground collapse depending on the site’s ground conditions.","Consider the excavation’s zone of influence on the stability of any nearby structure and make sure the excavation does not remove any nearby structure’s ground support.","The zone is normally at an angle from the base of the excavated face to the surface. The zone’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for example soil strength and density.","Make sure other structures near the excavation site are not adversely affected by vibration or concussion during the work. If hospitals and other buildings with equipment sensitive to shock and vibration are nearby, consider the need for special precautions.","Site security should consider all risks to workers and others. Establish the work activity’s boundary before securing the work area. Each work activity may be smaller than the whole workplace, so as each work activity moves its boundary moves with it. As the work boundary moves, so far as is reasonably practicable, minimise risk to workers and others outside the work activity.","Other people near the work have a responsibility to take reasonable care that their actions (or lack of action) do not put themselves or others at risk. They must also comply with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, as far as they are reasonably able to.","For example, a long trench line operation secures each work activity’s boundary using movable security arrangements as the excavation work progresses.","Safety fences prevent people from gaining access into hazardous areas. Guard any excavations to which the public has or might gain access. Fence off the area even during times when workers are not present on site.","Any safety fence should comply with the minimum requirements of NZTA’s Code of Practice for Temporary Traffic Management available at www.nzta.govt.nz(external link)","HSE Regulation 25 requires any readily accessible excavation likely to collect or retain water to a dangerous depth to be, so far as is reasonably practicable:","Manage traffic, including all road users while the work takes place with a temporary traffic management plan (TMP). All work on a road or work that affects the normal operating condition of a road must have an approved TMP.","If excavations are to take place on or near a road or transport corridor, obtain approval from the Road Controlling Authority, which is often the local authority or NZTA.","The TMP should show how the excavation will be protected so work can go ahead safely for workers and others. The TMP should show how traffic (including cyclists and pedestrians) will negotiate the site, for example what lanes will be closed by the work, and how.","If the site will be unattended, provide a separate TMP also covering the protection of any excavations by backfilling, plating, or fencing. Where work is located on roads controlled by a local authority, check with the local authority as to what is required for appropriate traffic management.","Separate the route used for hauling spoil from the one used by workers. If it is not possible to separate the traffic, forbid worker movement while spoil or plant is being moved, and vice versa.","Unless the excavation is so shallow those outside can see and talk easily to those at the face, provide an effective signalling system and interlocks that prevent winding gear from operating while personnel are moving.","When mechanical haulage is used in small drives or manholes, excavate refuges into the side of the drive to provide shelter from passing traffic.","The refuges should be a least 1.2 m deep by 1 m wide by 2 m high (or the height of the drive if it is less than 2 m) and spaced not more than 18 m apart. They should all be on the same side of the drive.","It is important to obtain the necessary resource consents before work starts. Check your local authority’s district plan to find out if resource consents are necessary.","Contact your regional council to check whether you are working on a HAIL (6) site and to make sure you comply with the Resource Management (National Environmental Standard for Assessing and Managing Contaminants in Soil to Protect Human Health) Regulations 2011 (NES) (7) before excavating. For more information refer to section 5.10.","The hazard identification and risk assessment can identify levels of risk that will deem the excavation a confined space under certain conditions.","A confined space is an enclosed or partially enclosed space, not intended or designed primarily for human occupancy, where there is a risk of one or more of the following:","engulfment in a stored free flowing solid or a rising level of liquid that may cause suff ocation or drowning.","If the excavation’s characteristics meet the defined criteria refer to AS 2965 Confined spaces to find out the appropriate work methods, risk management, and emergency planning.","all equipment is suitable and operational, within current inspection dates, and used by workers trained in the use of the equipment.","The natural reaction to immediately enter and try to rescue a person often leads to the serious injury or death of the would-be rescuer/s. A suitably trained and competent standby person should be present to communicate and oversee the work being conducted. They will co-ordinate the response to any emergency. Emergency response planning should follow the requirements of AS 2865.","First try and eliminate the risks but if that is not reasonably practicable, then minimise them, so far as is reasonably practicable. A combination of controls may need to be used. Make sure controls prevent anyone being harmed, so far as is reasonably practicable. They must translate into practical standards and expectations, roles, responsibilities, and processes that are relevant for everyone in the supply chain.","inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)","All excavations, no matter what depth, can be risky. Ground collapse can occur quickly and without warning, giving a worker virtually no time to escape, especially if the collapse is extensive. A buried worker is likely to die of suffocation before help arrives (either the head is buried, or the chest is so restricted by the ground’s weight the worker cannot breathe).","Tension cracks usually form at a horizontal distance of 0.5 to 0.75 times the depth of the excavation, measured from the top of the vertical face of the excavation.","In addition to sliding, tension cracks can cause toppling. Toppling occurs when a face shears along the tension crack line and topples into the excavation.","An unsupported excavation can create an unbalanced stress in the soil which, in turn, causes subsidence at the surface and bulging of the face. If uncorrected, this condition can cause face failure and trap workers in the excavation.","Downward pressure created by the adjoining soil’s weight causes base heave (8). This pressure causes a bulge in the bottom of the cut. Base heave can occur even when using shoring.","Boiling is an upward water fl ow into the bottom of the excavation. A high water table is one of the causes of boiling. Boiling produces a ‘quick’ condition in the bottom of the excavation, and can occur even when using shoring.","An excavated face’s stability depends on the strength of the soil in the face being greater than any stresses. Some situations that increase soil stress in an excavated face and may lead to failure in bad weather, under extra load or vibration are:","loads on the ground surface near the top of the face, such as excavated material, digging equipment or other construction plant and material","saturated soil increasing the soil’s weight and sometimes the volume > natural hazards like floods or earthquakes (eg earthquakes can cause soil liquefaction).","Weak, saturated, or otherwise unfavourable ground can have a significant effect on the construction and performance of an excavation. Consider having ground investigations and geotechnical assessments for excavations that are complex or may affect nearby structures or harm workers and others nearby. The ground investigation and geotechnical assessments should include:","a process to reduce the risk of unforeseen ground conditions. This will decrease the need for changes in design and construction methods.","If excavation work is planned without shoring, the continuing safety of the excavation will depend on the conditions arising during construction. If the conditions during construction are not as expected, or if conditions change during the course of the work (eg different soils, heavy rain/flooding) take immediate action to protect workers, other people and property.","Excavations shallower than 1.5 m have been known to collapse. If a worker is in the excavation and bending over or crouching down at the time of the collapse, he or she may suffer serious injury. PCBUs must consider the risks associated with these excavations and determine if special precautions or work methods are necessary, for example shoring.","There are three main types of controls to prevent ground collapse. Make sure to use one or more of the following controls to support all sides of the excavation:","No matter how deep an excavation is, if there is a risk of collapse, put controls in place to prevent this. Involve a competent person when selecting what ground collapse controls to apply.","A combination of controls may be most effective, depending on the work environment and characteristics of the excavated material. In built-up areas or streets the excavation may have to be fully or partly sheeted, or supported to prevent collapse due to localised vehicle movement and vibration.","If shoring is impracticable or unreasonable, make sure a competent person certifies any other safety precautions put in place as adequate. The competent person’s advice should state the time period it applies to, and may be subject to a condition that specified natural occurrences may create a risk of collapse.","A report from a competent person can provide information on the stability and safety of an excavation. The report should include:","HSE Regulation 24 requires any excavated face more than 1.5 m high to be shored, so far as is reasonably practicable, unless:","the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather, or","by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any worker in the vicinity, there is no danger to any worker, or","shoring is impracticable or unreasonable and other precautions have been taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.","Benching is a method of preventing ground collapse by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or more horizontal steps with vertical surfaces between levels.","The condition of soil surrounding excavations can change quickly when the soil dries out, the water table changes or water saturates the soil. A competent person should frequently check the soil condition and the state of shoring, benching, battering, and excavated faces for signs of earth fretting, slipping, slumping, or ground swelling. If necessary, the PCBU should repair the excavation or strengthen the shoring from above before allowing work below ground to continue.","It is not necessary to bench or batter excavated faces which a competent person determines are in stable rock, or has assessed there is no risk of collapse. If benching or battering excavated walls, do not exceed the soil type’s angle of repose unless designed by a competent person and certified in writing.","Benches should be wide enough to stabilise the slope to prevent spoil falling into the excavation. They should also be sloped to reduce the possibility of water scouring. When designing the face, slopes and widths of benches, consider any earthmoving machinery that may be used and any related haul routes.","Battering is where the wall of an excavation is sloped back to a predetermined angle to ensure stability. Battering reduces the risk of ground collapse by cutting the excavated face back to a safe slope.","Shoring provides support to excavated faces to prevent soil moving and ground collapsing. If the ground is not self-supporting, and benching or battering is not suitable, use shoring to manage the risk of a person being buried or trapped during excavation work.","When choosing shoring as a control use certified proprietary or non- proprietary systems, within their rated load capacity limits according to manufacturer or supplier instructions.","Involve a competent person when selecting what shoring to use. This is to make sure the shoring is fit for purpose. Otherwise, a competent person should design the shoring for the specific workplace conditions.","If risks remain for those installing shoring, put other suitable controls in place to ensure the health and safety of workers entering the excavation.","Shore the excavated face as the excavation work progresses. If using mobile plant, assess the risk to find out if any part of the excavation may be left unsupported.","As part of your safe system of work, make sure workers do not enter any unprotected part of the excavation. If the shoring is being progressively installed workers should not work ahead of the shoring.","Shoring should extend above ground level if practicable, or at least to ground level if that is not practicable, for example where covers may need to be placed over the excavation at night. If the shoring does not extend to at least ground level, bench or batter the excavation and make sure the shoring can take the surcharge load.","HSE Regulation 24 requires that any shoring, so far as is reasonably practicable: consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use","consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use","has bracings, jacks, and struts securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes","not be altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.","Shoring that slightly compresses soil without allowing the soil to move outward can produce an arching effect in the soil. This is ‘soil arching’.","Soil arching allows excavated walls shored with struts to stand even with no sheeting or lagging between the struts, without the soil behind flowing out.","Soil arching does not reduce the total soil load, but distributes it to the shoring and away from the excavated face.","The ability for shoring to use soil arching depends on the consistency of the soil. Both cohesive and non-cohesive soils will experience soil arching to some extent. Generally for soil arching to work there has to be a small amount of soil movement, but soils lacking cohesion are usually not good candidates.","Shoring that uses soil arching is generally only suitable for excavations less than 2 m deep and where each section of the excavation is open for less than one week.","Make sure to follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s advice on spacing requirements and recommended preload pressures for shoring; however the closer the shoring is, the better soil arching works.","Some ravelling, or soil falling off the excavated face between the support may occur but this will not compromise the shoring. Use backing boards or lagging to eliminate or minimise ravelling.","Remove shoring and all supports in a way that protects workers from ground collapse, structural collapse, or being struck. To keep workers safe, temporary structural members may need to be installed before any removal begins.","When removing shoring, take apart and extract it in reverse order to its installation. Workers should not work outside the protection of the shoring. No part of a shoring system should be removed until the excavation is ready for final backfill and compaction.","A trench-shoring box is able to withstand the forces imposed by ground, water, or surcharge loads. It will protect workers within it, as well as prevent ground collapse. This is achieved by ‘digging and pushing’ the box into the ground as the excavation proceeds, maintaining positive pressure on the excavated faces at all times.","Manhole boxes are a subset of trench-shoring boxes. They are designed and constructed using the same methods and materials as trenchshoring boxes. Most manhole boxes are installed using the ‘dig and drop’ method. If ground conditions are poor enough that the dig and drop method is not practical, consider digging and pushing manhole box shoring, corner-slide rails or hydraulic brace and sheet systems.","Trench shields are different to trench-shoring boxes as they are only designed to protect workers if a collapse occurs. Trench shields are designed to be installed using the dig and drop method and dragged along as work progresses.","Using trench-shoring boxes and shields correctly makes it safe for workers entering the excavation, while protecting any nearby services or structures. Make sure enough trench-shoring boxes and shields are used to suitably protect workers, as the ends remain open, exposing workers near the ends to falling material. Workers should not work near each end. The length of pipes or services to install usually determines the number of trench-shoring boxes to use.","Use trench-shoring boxes and shields where access is available for an excavator or backhoe to install or extract it from a trench. They are normally not suitable where access is difficult and ground conditions prevent the use of lifting equipment.","Trench-shoring boxes and trench shields should not exceed their maximum designed load. To reduce the load and depth of the excavation, use benching and battering practices.","Suitably maintain trench-shoring boxes and shields or they may fail unexpectedly, particularly if they are damaged. Follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions for installing, using, removing, and maintaining them. Regularly inspect them for damage and have a competent person approve any modifications.","Follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions when storing or transporting trench-shoring boxes and shields. Heavy-duty equipment may require disassembly for transport.","For more information on trench-shoring boxes, including specific soil and surcharge profiles refer to AS 47441: Steel shoring and trench lining equipment.","Slide-rail shoring is diff erent from trench-shoring boxes and shields, because all parts including posts, panels, and rolling-strut assemblies move during the excavation. Slide-rail shoring features vertical rail posts and panels designed and manufactured to slide relative to each other to dig the shoring into the ground. The rolling-strut allows the struts to move up and down the sliderail post during installation.","Slide-rail shoring may be used as an alternative to interlocked sheet-pile and H-pile shoring. Slide-rail shoring is normally effective to depths of up to 9 m.","Evaluate slide-rail shoring alongside other deep shoring systems, especially sheet-pile and H-pile systems. All three systems work best in poor ground conditions such as loose sands, gravels, and soft cohesive clays.","Install slide-rail shoring as the excavation work is progressing. Slide-rail shoring is designed so no void is left in the ground after it is removed. The rail posts and panels can be raised simultaneously with the backfi ll operation.","Steel sheet piling is normally used on major excavations such as large building foundations, where large embankments need to be held back, or where the excavation is near adjoining buildings. Install sheet piling before any excavation work begins. A competent person should install the sheet piling.","Use sheet piling when the ground is so unstable that sidewall collapse is likely while excavating, for example, in loose and running sand.","Sheet piling is usually driven well below the excavation’s base. Sheet piling is eff ective in high groundwater conditions preventing soil escaping behind the excavated walls, and when base heave is a risk because of weak soils.","Normally sheet piles are pre-driven using heavy equipment and vibrating head technology. Minimise noise and vibrations as well as damage to adjacent structures while installing sheet piling.","While installing sheet piling make sure the load does not exceed the piling’s designed load capacity. For deep pits this normally requires welded steel frames to be designed and built into the installation. Alternatively, a competent person should design the installation of any proprietary hydraulic frames and struts.","Steel trench sheeting is lighter than sheet piling and overlaps rather than interlocks. It is faster and easier to install but is not capable of being used to the same depths of sheet piling.","It is normally positioned and pneumatically pushed into the fi nal depth as the excavation progresses. Place toms, walings, or hydraulic bracing frames and struts into position as the soil is excavated.","A ground anchor is a structural element installed in soil or rock to transfer a tensile load into the ground. Ground anchors (sometimes referred to as ‘tie- backs’) alone do not support an excavation, they form part of a larger shoring system, typically with steel sheet piling.","perform a series of sustained static load tests on a sample of anchors to confirm they have suffi cient load capacity and meet performance criteria","Hydraulic support comes in configurations from small, lightweight aluminium, glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) composite or aluminium soldier sets, to large steel hydraulic bracing frames and struts.","Except for small soldier sets, or waler and sheet systems, hydraulic shoring is normally used with steel trench sheeting or sheet piles.","Consider ground pressures before installing hydraulic supports. In complex situations, requiring support other than small soldier sets or waler and sheet systems, a competent person should design hydraulic support in consultation with a geotechnical engineer. The competent person should design hydraulic support to resist the expected ground pressures and potential for collapse.","Properly maintain and use hydraulic support or it may become unreliable. Frequently inspect pressure hoses and rams to detect abrasion, fatigue, or damage such as bent or notched rams.","When the excavation has been fully supported, dismantle the hydraulic support to prevent damage. Inspect, repair if necessary, and store the hydraulic supports so they are not damaged before they are used next.","H-pile shoring is normally used in large open excavations or pit excavations. Steel H-piles are an advanced form of piling installed by drilling or driving. Timber lagging is normally used between the H-piles every 1.8 to 3 m. Each excavation will require a site-specific design.","Only use H-pile shoring in ground which has enough soil arching potential to permit lagging. The soil should be above the static groundwater level, or have been dewatered. Lagging does not extend below the excavation’s base so do not use H-pile shoring and lagging where there is potential for base heave or water and soil flows.","Soldier sets are a simple form of support mostly used in rock, stiff clays and in other soil types with self-supporting properties capable of generating soil arching.","Unlike closed sheeting sets, soldier sets only provide ground support at regular intervals and do not provide positive ground support to the whole excavated face.","L. Tom should be long enough to force soldiers firmly against excavated faces. To prevent soldiers excessively bowing against irregular faces, use wood packing between the face and soldier","Consider using timber shoring if continuous forms of shoring, or metal shoring cannot be used, for example, where services cross the excavation or need to be worked around.","Timber species and quality have a large effect on strength. Struts, walings, and sheeting sizes should not be less than the minimum sizes and grade prescribed in Table 6.","Timber shoring has some specific safety issues. Installing timber shoring to some extent requires workers to work inside an unshored excavation. Carefully plan any installation procedure as workers must be protected from becoming trapped or engulfed by a cave-in. If required, use temporary intermediate waling and strutting.","The influence of any loads near the excavation can cause ground collapse. Any excavated material and external actions applying a load to the ground nearby can affect the excavation’s stability through the zone of influence. The zone is normally from the base of an excavated face to the surface. The zone’s angle will depend on site-specific factors.","Mechanical plant, vehicles, spoil, or heavy loads should not be in the zone of influence plus 1 m from an excavation unless specific design can show it can support the surcharge load.","Figure 38: A shored excavation designed to carry soil loads onlyFigure 39: A shored excavation designed to carry soil, vehicle and spoil loads","Placing or stacking spoil near an excavated face puts workers at risk because it adds an extra load where it is placed or stacked. For example, placing spoil near the excavated face may cause it to collapse.","Use shoring designed and installed to carry extra loads, including groundwater pressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated spoil. Store spoil away from the excavation’s zone of influence plus 1 m.","If spoil is placed close to an excavation due to obstructions like fences, buildings, or trees, the weight of the spoil may overload the excavated faces. In this case, strengthen the ground support system at these locations and provide barriers to prevent the material falling into the excavation.","If excavating beside an old service line, place spoil on the opposite side of it to prevent excessive loading on previously weakened ground.","Placing spoil on the lower side of the excavation will reduce the effective depth of the excavation and the risk of spoil falling into the excavation.","Make sure spoil placed on the high side of the excavation does not increase the risk of ground collapse, flooding, or holding back run-off water. Place spoil so it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the excavation.","Work at height means working in a place where a person could be injured if they fell from one level to another. This can be above or below ground level. First try to eliminate the risk of falling, so far as is reasonably practicable.","Use edge protection or fencing able to take the weight of a falling worker. Where shoring extends above 200 mm, toe boards are not required.","fall prevention devices (eg temporary work platforms, edge protection and guard rails) work positioning systems (eg industrial rope access systems)","using shoring itself (eg using trench box extensions or trench sheets taller than the excavation’s depth). Where shoring extends above 200 mm toe boards are not required","Provide safe access and egress for all workers at all times. Keep the floor of the excavation clear of anything that would impede workers’ safe egress in an emergency, including:","If an excavation is such a small dimension that it is not reasonably practicable to use ladder access or egress, provide other means to allow workers safe access and egress.","For every vertical rise of 6 m, break up ladder runs with intermediate landings. Where ladders meet a landing, off set the ladder below from the ladder above by at least 600 mm.","Unless there are alternative handholds, extend ladders 1 m above the landing or the top of the excavation. Fit landing platforms with guardrails, midrails and/or toe boards.","Each fl ight of stairs should have uniform risers and provide landings of the same width as the stairs for every vertical rise of 6 m.","If using ramps instead of stairs, the maximum slope should not exceed 1 in 6, unless traction cleats are provided at 0.5 m spacing for 1 in 5 slopes, or at 0.4 m spacing for 1 in 4 slopes.","For some excavations, manual work such as trimming by hand will be required. Trimming can often be accomplished from outside the excavation by shovelling or pushing the material with a long-handled tool or shovel to the bottom of the excavation, where it can be picked up by mobile plant.","When working close to others, keep workers sufficiently far apart to prevent injury. This applies particularly to work in trenches and small excavations.","operators only using pins designed for this specifi c use (the manufacturer-specified retaining pin must be available on the machine)","setting up a system for checking that the pin is in place before starting the work and every time a diff erent attachment is fitted","make sure an exclusion zone is set up when using the excavator and for attachment fi tting or removal. If there are other workers on the construction site the exclusion zone applies to them, even if they are not involved in the excavator operation.","Avoid striking or undermining services. Good planning and supervision should identify and anticipate all overhead and underground services, which will help decide what activities will be allowed near the excavation work.","assume all services are live or in use unless the service owner formally advises in writing there are no risks with the service","---|--- Cables, gas transmission or high pressure pipelines| 2 m or more Overhead power line| 4 m or more Pole or support stay| 5 m or more Tower| 12 m or more","Any plant or excavation activity (including using hand-held tools) closer than the MADs summarised in Table 7 requires a documented permit or consent from the service owner. This should be held on site. Always check with the service owner, as they may have their own specific requirements for work on their service.","Understand the service owner’s permit or consent conditions for the work activity and follow these while operating the plant and carrying out the excavation. In some cases this may include following guidance or instructions from a service representative on site.","Always assume there are underground services at the site. Make sure the services are located and confirmed by the service owner. Some service plans are not accurate and the actual position and depth may be quite different. There may also be other unmapped services present, and services owned by diff erent parties.","services can be at a shallower depth where they cross obstructions such as culverts, or where the ground surface level has changed","For more information on the risks of work near underground services, refer to WorkSafe’s Guide for safety with underground services.","carefully dig pilot holes progressively towards the services ahead of small-step excavations. Be aware that water under pressure around electric cables with worn sheaths or old joints may cause an electrical hazard","use one or more spotters to spot obstacles or any signs of services in the excavation. Make sure spotters are a safe distance from any plant movement but still able to see and warn the operator","Using hand-held tools to approach closer to the point of exposing services can risk fracturing a service if a strike occurs.","use hand-held tools suitable for breaking hard surfaces, provided there is adequate substrate keeping the tool ends well separated from the services, including making sure:","any use of picks, bars or forks is to ease lumps or rocks away. Avoid using metal picks, bars, forks, drills, or hammers near live electrical cables","use full body cover with arc-resistant or flame-retardant materials when exposing electric cables, including anti-static properties where gas is a potential hazard.","check with the service owner for their duct and marking colours and identify what the underground services are and their status.","For work around live electrical services, use the MADs set out in section 9 of WorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (ECP 34). Apply MADs from the hand-held tool to the exposed service.","ECP 34 defines a ‘competent employee’ as an employee who can demonstrate the necessary knowledge, skills and experience to carry out electrical or telecommunications work in the vicinity of overhead electric lines, or exposed live metal, safely and to the standards used by the employer.","Consult with the service owner before backfilling. Use appropriate materials to preserve the support and condition of the services. Send information to the services owners so they can update their service plans.","For more information on corridor access requests and corresponding work authority permits refer to the New Zealand Utilities Advisory Group’s (NZUAG) National Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors available at www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)","Sparks from striking a gas line can ignite gas and cause a fire or explosion. If a gas line is ruptured, nearby running plant could cause the gas to ignite.","If inside an excavator, turn off the ignition and immediately leave it and the work area and move to a safe distance.","Excavating too close to overhead service support structures such as wooden poles can cause these to lean or collapse, putting workers and others at risk. Breaking communications cables can also release laser light that can damage eyesight.","string independently supported flag bunting 1.5 m below the span. The operator and spotter can use this as a guide. Consult the service owner to get consent before stringing any bunting.","all workers keep well clear of the excavator and anything else in contact with electricity, and shuffle to clear the area","Dangerous atmospheres can occur in excavations because of a lack of oxygen or the presence of toxic gases, flammable gases, or simple asphyxiates, for example:","---|--- Peaty ground| methane, hydrogen sulphide Filled and made ground| carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide Reclaimed land and trips| methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide Thermal areas| hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methyl mercaptan City streets| carbon monoxide, natural gas, carbon dioxide Service stations| petrol and hydrocarbons, kerosene, LPG","never using plant with a combustion engine (eg air compressors, electrical generators) in an excavation if workers may potentially enter to work","To help determine safe levels, compare the results of air monitoring to workplace exposure standards. For more information, including health- monitoring nformation, see WorkSafe’s Workplace Exposure Standards and Biological Exposure Indices","Ventilation systems help to maintain adequate oxygen levels and dilute flammable gases, fumes and certain dusts, such as coal and sulphide. These can ignite if they are present in explosive limits. Mechanical ventilation also reduces dust, fumes and hazardous contaminants, and can control air temperature and humidity.","A competent person should design the ventilation system so it provides plenty of ventilation throughout the excavation. This might include adding localised extraction ventilation to deal with the dust, heat, or fumes from the excavation. The design should allow for installing ventilation equipment or ducting as the excavation progresses to maintain adequate air supply to the working face.","Workers should not work in excavations where water has collected or is collecting, unless the necessary controls are in place.","Figure 44: Traditional sump pumps control surface water at the excavation’s baseFigure 45: Use well point pumping for lowering groundwater by up to 6 m","Before starting any excavation work, assess the likelihood of encountering contaminated soils or groundwater. If contamination is suspected or discovered, the risk to human health and the environment will require reassessment.","Health monitoring applies to workers if they are at risk of airborne asbestos exposure when carrying out ongoing asbestos-related work or asbestos removal work and are at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos when doing that work.","The Resource Management Act 1991 contains prohibitions against the discharge of contaminants into or onto the land, the water, or the air unless the discharge is expressly allowed by a national environmental standard, a rule in a regional plan or a resource consent.","Indicators of potential contamination include, but are not limited to, unusual odours and discoloured or stained water seeps and soils where the land is potentially or actually contaminated.","A land use consent may be required from the local authority to excavate or disturb soils at the site. Seek further advice from a suitably qualified and experienced practitioner.","Construction work that uses explosives is subject to the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO) and regulations. All possession, storage, handling, and use of explosives must be carried out in compliance with this legislation.","The PCBU should consult a competent person in the controlled application of explosives for carrying out the excavation work before deciding whether explosives should be used for the excavation.","Explosives must only be used by an approved handler who is qualified in explosives safety and has experience in this type of work.","(8) Soil weight refers to the weight of one unit of a particular soil. Soil weight varies with type and moisture content 1 cubic metre of soil can weigh from 1.8 tonnes to 2.2 tonnes or more.","(9) For more information and any exceptions refer to WorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (PDF 875 KB) [PDF, 875 KB]","Make sure to use an appropriate excavator for the excavation work and properly plan and risk assess any lifting operations by the excavator before carrying out the operation.","carry out regular planned inspections and maintenance in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations to make sure the mobile plant works safely, whether leased, hired, or owned","Plant defects should be reported immediately to the PCBU. If a defect is likely to pose an immediate or imminent risk to health and safety, remove the plant from service until the defect is fixed.","Check plant, equipment, and materials before arriving at the worksite. Make sure the plant and equipment are fit-for-purpose and in good working order.","If applicable, carry out checks before leaving the depot, and report any concerns according to company procedures, for example by tagging unsafe equipment. Do a final check when at the site and look over the area before starting work.","A wide range of powered mobile plant, including earthmoving machinery can carry out excavation work. To select suitable plant, consider:","A competent operator should use earthmoving machinery for its originally designed purpose. Earthmoving machinery operators must demonstrate they are competent to operate the specific type of plant and any fitted attachments.","Bulldozers typically excavate and move large amounts of material short distances. They can be equipped with hydraulically-operated rippers at the back which are capable of loosening the hardest of sedimentary rocks.","Self-propelled rubber-tyred scrapers can excavate and haul very large quantities of material economically over long distances at relatively high speed. Because of the large potential soil output and speeds of modern scrapers, pay careful attention to:","Large earthmoving machinery such as bulldozers should not operate close to an overhang or a deep excavation, as the weight may collapse the excavation.","Excavation work exceeding 1.5 m deep is typically done by excavators or specialised plant such as tunnelling machines and raisebores. Most of these types of plant have an element of mobility, although tunnelling machines typically have restricted movement.","Other plant used in excavation work includes backhoes, rubber-tyred loaders, skid steer loaders (eg bobcats), trench diggers, graders and tip trucks.","Powered mobile plant should not operate or travel near the edge of an excavation unless the shoring can support such loads.","Plant should approach end-on to excavations. If this is not practicable, make sure workers in the excavation get out when the plant is within the excavation’s zone of influence or move away and stand further down the excavation.","keep people away from areas of plant operation. Most excavator related deaths involve a person working in the vicinity of the excavator rather than the driver","make sure the spotter and operator understand the signals they will use and agree on the way to communicate with each other","maintain over 0.5 m of clearance between any part of the machine, particularly the ballast weight, and the nearest obstruction","Operators of powered mobile plant can often have severely restricted visibility of ground workers or nearby pedestrians, particularly those close to the plant.","In Figure 49 the operator’s visibility of the left rear relies on mirrors. Note there will always be a blind spot for the operator in line with the boom. Workers should approach the operator from a point where everyone can clearly see each other.","Powered mobile plant should be equipped with an appropriate combination of operator protection devices, for example an enclosed cabin and seat belts, to prevent the operator from ejecting from the cab or being struck by falling objects.","Any earthmoving machinery weighing more than 700 kgs, not including attachments, and designed to have a seated operator, should have an appropriate operator protective structure fi tted. These are either roll-over protective structures (ROPS), falling object protective structures (FOPS) or both, depending on the application. Self-propelled mechanical mobile plant must, so far as is reasonably practicable, be fi tted with roll-over protection and seat belts.","Quick hitches allow a bucket or other attachment to be quickly and easily connected and disconnected from an excavator or backhoe arm, saving signifi cant time during mobile plant operation.","A pin holds the attachment in place against the quick hitch and insures against accidental release. However, a manual quick hitch may still operate without the retaining pin in place and then suddenly, without warning, swing open or fall completely. If this happens when lifting over or close to a person the result is likely to be fatal.","Equip mobile plant operating near workers or other plant with warning devices (eg a reversing alarm or a revolving light; vehicles can also be fitted with reversing cameras).","Establish an effective system of communication based on two-way acknowledgement between mobile plant operators and ground workers before work starts. Train relevant workers in the procedures before they start work. The system should stop ground workers from approaching mobile plant until the operator has agreed to their request to approach. Similarly, the system should stop operators from moving plant closer than a set distance from ground workers until ground workers have advised the operator that they are aware of the proposed movement.","Mobile plant operators and workers should be familiar with the blind spots of the plant being used. Provide induction-training programs emphasising the dangers of working in close proximity to mobile plant, and provide adequate supervision.","Exclusion zones and separating workers from mobile plant should be the first option for managing this risk. If exclusion is not possible, use spotters to control operations when workers are in the immediate area. A spotter should be in constant contact with the mobile plant operator.","Items of mobile plant (including earthmoving equipment), not originally designed as a crane, and used for load-lifting incidental to their principal function are entirely exempt from the Health and Safety in Employment (Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 subject to the following conditions (10) as applicable:","in the case of new and used hydraulic excavators with an operating weight of seven tonne or more, the following additional conditions apply:","the equipment is not to be modified to make it operate as a crane other than the provision of a lifting point","hose burst protection valves are required (except for load-lifting mobile plant used in forestry operations that do not involve the construction of forest roads).","All excavation work must comply with HSWA and associated regulations. Table 10 lists the specific duties under the HSE Regulations that apply to excavations in construction work.","(a) every employer, in relation to every workplace under the control of that employer in which any construction work is carried out; and","(a) in relation to an employer of the kind described in subclause (1)(a), means an employee of that employer; and","(b) in relation to a person of the kind described in subclause (1)(b), means a person working in the workplace.","(1) Subject to subclause (2), every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that, where any face of any excavation is more than 1.5 m high, that face is shored.","(b) the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather; or","(c) by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any employee in the vicinity, there is no danger to any employee; or","(d) the provision of shoring is impracticable or unreasonable by reason of the nature of the work and the employer has, so far as is reasonably practicable, taken steps to ensure that other precautions are taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.","(3) Every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that any shoring used in any excavation at the workplace—","a) consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use; and","(b) has bracings, jacks, and struts that are securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes; and","(d) is not altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.","c) any such excavation is covered or fenced, when no employee is in the immediate vicinity to prevent access to it by any person; and","(d) any such excavation created in the course of the work is covered, fenced, or filled at the completion of the work.","Under clause 4 of Schedule 3 of HSWA a tunnelling operation is the extraction of fill to create, extend, or enlarge a tunnel or shaft. Tunnelling operations are subject to Schedule 3 of HSWA and the MOQO Regulations, except operations involving:","tunnels or shafts that are or will be 15 m or less, where one or two workers ordinarily work underground at any one time, and:","The Building Act 2004 and Building Regulations 1992 will generally apply if excavations are associated with constructing, altering, demolishing or removing a building. This also includes site work and building-related design work.","For more information on building legislation and controls, refer to the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s website www.building.govt.nz(external link)","Is the surface clear of plant, spoil heaps and materials for at least 1 m from the edge of the excavation?","Is the work properly fenced off and ‘signed’ during the day. Is the work properly fenced off, ‘signed’, guarded and lit during the night?","Employers and the person in control of the workplace must notify WorkSafe at least 24 hours’ before doing any hazardous work (as defined below).","storeys high, a power or telephone line, or carried out from a ladder only, or minor or routine maintenance or repair work)","propelled mobile crane, excavator or forklift) has to lift weights of half a tonne (500 kg) or more a height of 5 m or more","people have to work in an excavation that is more than 1.5 m deep and which is deeper than it is wide at the top","work in any excavation in which any face has a vertical height of more than 5 m and an average slope steeper than a ratio of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical","A notifiable event is when someone dies or when a notifiable incident, illness or injury occurs as a result of work. WorkSafe must be informed of all notifiable events. Notifiable injuries, illnesses and incidents are specified in HSWA.","HSWA requires PCBUs to notify WorkSafe if there is an unplanned or uncontrolled incident at a workplace that exposes a person (worker or otherwise) to a serious risk to their health and safety arising from immediate or imminent exposure to:","Your council might have additional rules that need to be met. Check with your local council for specific rules that apply in your region.","Check any local utility owners’ websites for additional procedures that may need to be met – look for headings like safety, working safely or public safety.","A list of competent engineers can be found on the IPENZ website, under the Chartered Professional Engineers (CPEng) Register available at www.ipenz.nz(external link)","You can visit our website for more information and guidance specifically about electrical or gas safety or call 0800 030 040.","| Any object or structure that creates a barrier obstacle to control, block passage or force the flow of traffic in the desired direction.","| Means to form an angled excavation face, usually less than the natural angle of repose, to prevent ground collapse.","| A continuous frame with vertical or horizontal sheathing planks placed side by side to form a continuous retaining wall supported by other shoring parts to hold up an excavated face.","| A person who has acquired through training, qualification, or experience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.","| An excavation in open ground which can vary in shape and size often defined by adjacent services or buildings.","| The parts of a construction project that will be used and remain in position for a long time (eg 60 years). This includes buildings and structures such as bridges, roads, retaining walls, etc.","| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it means any person (including a legal entity) running a business or undertaking. For example, a limited liability company, partnership, trust, incorporated society, etc.","| Usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest horizontal dimension at the surface. Generally, beyond a depth of around 10 m, an excavation becomes a shaft. Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, underground tanks and the like. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access and/or locate existing services to maintain them.","| Risks arise from people being exposed to a hazard (a source of harm). Risk can be described as the likelihood certain consequences (death, injury, or illness) occur when a person is exposed to a hazard.","| The steepest slope at which an excavated face is stable against slips and slides, having regard to the qualities of the material in the face, the height of the face, the load above the face and the moisture conditions for the time being existing.","| A vertical or inclined way or opening from the surface downwards or from any underground working, the dimensions of which (apart from the perimeter) are less than its depth.","| Vertical, close-spaced, or interlocking planks of steel, reinforced concrete or other structural material driven to form a continuous wall ahead of the excavation and supported either by tie-backs into solid ground structural members from within the excavation as the work proceeds. The use of timber, steel or other structural material to support an excavation in order to prevent collapse so that construction can proceed.","| A system of working covering how a piece of work or a project will be completed safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.","| Describes an arching eff ect some types of shoring create by slightly compressing soil in without allowing the soil to move outward.","| A static load is the effect of gravity on an object or structure. For example the weight of a bridge.","| The parts of a construction project that allow permanent works to be built. Usually they are removed after use (eg access scaffolds and shoring).","| Structural member used to hold soldiers against an excavated face or to press walers apart in a close sheeted excavation.","| A long narrow excavation, deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface along its length. Trenches are generally excavated to install or maintain underground services or to otherwise investigate beneath the ground surface.","| A steel or metal structure with two vertical side plates permanently braced apart by cross frames or struts designed to resist the pressure from the walls of a trench and capable of being moved as a unit.","| PCBUs who design, manufacture, import or supply plant, substances or structures, or who install, construct or commission plant or structures.","| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it is a person who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU. It covers almost all working relationships, including employees, contractors, sub-contractors, and volunteers.","| A WES is the level of a substance in the air that is believed to be safe for nearly all workers repeatedly exposed, day after day, to that substance. The values are usually calculated based on exposure over eight hours, 15 minutes or, in some cases, instantaneous exposure.","| Means the volume of soil around the excavation where actions may influence the excavation’s stability (eg vehicles, plant, or spoil) or where the excavation may influence the stability of any nearby structure.","While this guidance has not been updated to reflect current work health and safety legislation (the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and regulations), it may still contain relevant information and practices to keep workers and others healthy and safe.","Please read this guidance in conjunction with all relevant industry standards that apply to you as a PCBU. This guidance will be progressively reviewed and either updated, replaced with other guidance, or revoked.","Visit WorkSafe on facebook Visit WorkSafe on twitter Visit WorkSafe on linkedin Visit WorkSafe on instagram Visit WorkSafe on youtube"]},"parsed_md":"Excavation safety | WorkSafe\n\nSkip Links\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\nNotify WorkSafe\n\nExcavation\n\n# Excavation safety\n\nThis guideline provides practical guidance to manage health and safety risks\nassociated with excavation work.\n\nDownload:\n\nExcavation safety (PDF 5 MB)\n\n## Summary\n\n### Key points\n\n * Avoid underground services and make sure not to undermine nearby structures – use safe digging practice and dig away from them.\n * Check the excavation each day before starting work and after any event that may affect its stability.\n * Provide safe access to get in and out.\n * Prevent collapse – shore, bench, or batter back. Do not assume ground will stand unsupported.\n * Prevent people and materials falling in – with barriers strong enough not to collapse if someone falls against them.\n\n## 01 / Introduction\n\nExcavation failures are particularly dangerous because they may occur quickly,\nlimiting the ability of workers (and in some cases others nearby) to escape,\nespecially if the collapse is extensive.\n\nThe speed of an excavation collapse increases the risk associated with this\ntype of work. The consequences are significant as the falling earth can bury\nor crush any person in its path resulting in death by suffocation or internal\ncrush injuries.\n\n### 1.1 Scope and application\n\nThis guideline is for persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs),\nworkers, upstream PCBUs, and competent people involved in excavation work.\n\nAll work involving excavations must comply with the requirements of the Health\nand Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) and all relevant regulations, including the\nHealth and Safety in Employment Regulations 1995 (the HSE Regulations) and the\nHealth and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations\n2016 (the GRWM Regulations).\n\nThis guideline does not apply to shafts associated with mining operations, or\ntunnelling operations, which are regulated under the Health and Safety at Work\n(Mining Operations and Quarrying Operations) Regulations 2016 (the MOQO\nRegulations).\n\nFor more information on the specific regulations relating to excavation work,\nsee Appendix A: Legal framework.\n\nSome industries have guidelines that deal with specific problems faced in\ntheir working environments, such as the electricity sector or plant and\nmachinery hire. When deciding how to do a job safely, make sure to check any\nindustry specific guidance.\n\n### 1.2 What is excavation work?\n\nExcavation work generally means work involving the removal of soil or rock\nfrom a site to form an open face, hole or cavity, using tools, machinery or\nexplosives.\n\nExcavation work can occur anywhere, including:\n\n * on construction sites\n\n * on business premises\n\n * in public areas.\n\nExcavation work includes:\n\n * open excavations\n\n * potholing\n\n * pit excavations\n\n * trenches and retaining walls\n\n * shafts and drives\n\n#### Open excavations\n\nAn excavation in open ground is an open excavation and can vary in shape and\nsize.\n\nFigure 1: Open excavation\n\n#### Potholing\n\nPotholing is usually a small excavation or inspection hole to find underground\nservices.\n\nFigure 2: Pot hole\n\n#### Pit excavations\n\nPit excavations are usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest\nhorizontal dimension at the surface.\n\nPits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or\nunderground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other\ntypes of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\n\nPit excavations are usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest\nhorizontal dimension at the surface.\n\nPits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or\nunderground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other\ntypes of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\n\nFigure 3: Pit excavations\n\n#### Trenches and retaining walls\n\nA trench is a long narrow excavation which is deeper than it is wide, and open\nto the surface along its length.\n\nTrenches are generally excavated to install or maintain underground services\nor to investigate what is beneath the surface.\n\nFigure 4: Trench\n\nWhen a retaining wall is built, an open excavation becomes a trench formed by\nan excavated face on one side, and a retaining wall on the other. Usually\nworkers need to access this trench to work, for example for waterproofing the\nretaining wall.\n\nFigure 5: Trench constructed by putting up a retaining wall\n\n#### Shafts and drives\n\nSinking a shaft involves constructing a vertical excavation with access and\nspoil removal from the top.\n\nDrives are small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or\nelsewhere, for example, under roads. Cutting a drive is particularly hazardous\nas it introduces the risk of trapping workers with no alternative escape\nroute.\n\nShafts and drives are often constructed to provide access or ventilation to a\ntunnel. Shallow shafts can be sunk for investigating or constructing\nfoundations, dewatering, or providing openings to underground facilities.\n\nFigure 6: Shaft\n\n## 02 / Roles and responsibilities\n\nHSWA defines the roles and responsibilities of different duty holders. These\ninclude PCBUs, officers, workers and other persons at workplaces.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s special guide Introduction to the Health\nand Safety at Work Act 2015.\n\n### 2.1 Person conducting a business or undertaking\n\nWhile a PCBU may be an individual or an organisation, usually the PCBU will be\nan organisation, for example a business entity such as a company.\n\nAll PCBUs must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and\nsafety of workers and other people are not put at risk by their work. This is\nthe primary duty of care.\n\nThe primary duty of care includes, so far as is reasonably practicable:\n\n * providing and maintaining:\n\n * a work environment without risks to health and safety\n\n * safe plant and structures\n\n * safe systems of work\n\n * ensuring safe use, handling and storage of plant, structures and substances\n\n * providing adequate and accessible welfare facilities for workers\n\n * providing information, training, instruction or supervision necessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety from work\n\n * monitoring workers’ health and conditions at the workplace to prevent injury or illness.\n\nA PCBU that manages or controls a workplace must ensure, so far as is\nreasonably practicable, the workplace, the means of entering or exiting the\nworkplace, and anything arising from the workplace are without health and\nsafety risks to any person. For example, before leaving the site unattended\nfor the night, make sure it and any plant and equipment are safe and secure.\n\n#### PCBUs with overlapping duties\n\nMore than one PCBU can have a duty to the same matter. Where this happens the\nPCBUs have overlapping duties. This might happen in a:\n\n * shared workplace (eg a building site), where more than one PCBU and its workers control and influence the work on site\n * contracting chain, where contractors and sub-contractors provide services to a principal contractor and client.\n\nPCBUs that share no contractual relationship may still share overlapping\nduties, such as when they work on the same site.\n\nPCBUs must discharge their overlapping duties to the extent they have the\nability to influence and control the matter, and must so far as is reasonably\npracticable, co-operate, co-ordinate and consult with others in the workplace.\nFor example:\n\n * Two individual contractors agree to co-ordinate their obligations for providing first aid equipment or personal protective equipment (PPE).\n * A utility company agrees to co-operate with the PCBU in locating the underground services before the excavation work starts.\n\n#### Upstream PCBUs\n\nThere are further duties for PCBUs (called upstream PCBUs) who:\n\n * design plant, substances or structures\n * manufacture plant, substances or structures\n * import plant, substances or structures\n * supply plant, substances or structures\n * install, construct or commission plant or structures.\n\nUpstream PCBUs infl uence and sometimes eliminate health and safety risks\nthrough, for example, designing or manufacturing products that are safe for\nthe end user. Upstream PCBUs must consider potential health and safety risks\nof their products that could reasonably be expected to be used at a workplace.\n\nDesigners of temporary works or suppliers of plant used by the PCBU are\nexamples of upstream PCBUs in excavation work.\n\n#### Worker engagement, participation and representation\n\nPCBUs can ensure a safe workplace more effectively when everyone involved in\nthe work:\n\n * communicates with each other to identify hazards and risks\n * talks about any health and safety concerns\n * works together to find solutions.\n\nPCBUs have two main worker engagement duties under HSWA to:\n\n * engage with workers on health and safety matters that affect or are likely to affect them, so far as is reasonably practicable\n\n * have practices that give workers reasonable opportunities to participate effectively in the ongoing improvement of workplace health and safety.\n\nBoth duties involve two-way communication in a ‘conversation’ about health and\nsafety. Everyone involved in health and safety must be able to contribute and\nhave their opinion considered when decisions are made.\n\nHave deliberate, planned ways to engage and support participation. Each PCBU\ncan determine the best way to meet its duties, depending on workers’ views and\nneeds, the size of the organisation and the nature of its risks.\n\n### 2.2 Workers\n\nA worker is an individual who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU and\nincludes employees, contractors, sub-contractors, apprentices and trainees,\nand volunteer workers. Workers’ responsibilities include:\n\n * taking reasonable care of their own health and safety\n\n * taking reasonable care what they do (or fail to do) does not cause harm to any other person\n\n * operating with any reasonable health and safety policy or procedure of the PCBU\n\n * complying, so far as reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so the PCBU can comply with the law\n\n * in relation to PPE:\n\n * using or wearing PPE in accordance with any information, training or reasonable instruction given by the PCBU\n\n * not intentionally misusing or damaging the PPE\n\n * telling the PCBU when they become aware the PPE is damaged or defective, or when it needs to be cleaned or decontaminated.\n\n### 2.3 Officers\n\nAn officer is a person with a specific role in an organisation or a person\nwith the ability to exercise significant influence over the management of the\nbusiness or undertaking. Organisations can have more than one officer. An\nofficer includes, for example, company directors, and chief executives.\n\nOfficers have a duty to exercise due diligence to ensure the PCBU complies\nwith their duties under HSWA. Each officer has a duty – it is not a joint\nduty.\n\n### 2.4 Other people at the workplace\n\nOther people at a workplace must take reasonable care of their own health and\nsafety and that of others. However, PCBU’s have the most influence and control\nover what has created the risk at the workplace, and have the primary duty of\ncare to ensure other people’s health and safety is not at risk from the work.\n\nOther people at a workplace potentially at risk from work activities include\nvolunteers, customers, passers-by, visitors, other PCBUs, or workers of\nanother entity.\n\nThink broadly about the work and make sure, so far as is reasonably\npracticable, other people’s health and safety is not put at risk from work\nbeing done or from anything else at the workplace.\n\n### 2.5 Competent person\n\nIn this guideline, ‘competent person’ refers to the temporary works designer,\nwho should be competent to assess and manage the risks relevant to the\nexcavation’s depth and have a working knowledge of this guideline. A competent\nperson is a person who has acquired through training, qualification or\nexperience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.\n\nTable 1 and table 2 (below) set out some recommended competencies for this\ncompetent person. The tables show what level of competence is appropriate for\nincreasingly complex excavations.\n\nOn sites requiring multiple schemes or different temporary works disciplines,\none competent person may not have experience across all the disciplines of\ntemporary works and may require additional technical support on site.\n\nEach excavation has its own unique set of considerations to address during the\ndesign process, some of which may not be immediately apparent. Therefore, make\nan assessment of the appropriate level of competence for each individual\nexcavation.\n\nExperience and competence can be gained via different routes and with lesser\nqualifications (subject to formal assessment of individual skills) or\nexemptions made where close supervision/mentoring is provided by others. In\nsome workplaces, the same person could fulfil a number of roles (such as\ndesigner and supervisor), depending on their level of competency.\n\nCompetency is based on recent knowledge, training, understanding, and\nexperience with a wide variety of considerations, some of\n\nwhich are:\n\n * soil type, weight and strength\n\n * ground water\n\n * sloping ground\n\n * surcharges or vibrations that could destabilise the excavation, such as vehicles, buildings or stockpiled materials\n\n * the potential for the excavation to disturb or damage nearby structures, underground or overhead services\n\n * safe working methods and construction methodologies\n\n * availability and capacity of equipment and temporary works.\n\nOnly a competent person should be designing temporary works. Before producing\nany final design documents and safety report, consider:\n\n * the design of the shoring\n\n * any effects of the excavation on nearby structures\n\n * safe work methods\n\n * controls.\n\nExcavation depth and type - normal conditions(1)\n\n|\n\nRecommended competency \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Up to 1.5 m\n\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6)\n\n| Recent experience in carrying out or supervising excavation work \n \n##### 1.5 m - 3 m\n\n * Flat, open ground, no surcharge\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6)\n\n|\n\n * Recent experience in carrying out or supervising excavation work at these depths\n\n * Technical or trade qualification (eg as a civil engineer or drain layer)\n\n \n \n##### 3 m - 6 m\n\n * Flat, open ground, no surcharge\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6, waller and brace solution up to 6 m in depth)\n\n|\n\n * Technical or trade qualification (eg as a civil engineer or drain layer)\n\n * Recent experience in carrying out or supervising\n\n * excavation work in similar ground at these depths\n\n * Experienced temporary works designer(3) able to interpret the site's soil information\n\n * Monitoring recommended(4)\n\n \n \nTable 1: Recommended competencies for excavation work\n\nEXCAVATION DEPTH AND TYPE – COMPLEX CONDITIONS NOT COVERED IN TABLE 1(5)\n\n|\n\nRECOMMENDED COMPETENCY \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Up to 3 m\n\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered sides\n\n|\n\n * Experienced temporary works designer (2) able to judge whether it is safe\n\n * Monitoring required (4)\n\n \n \n##### Over 3 m\n\n * Requiring detailed analysis of site, significant structural design analysis and sound engineering judgement\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered sides\n * All sheet piled excavations (cantilevered, propped, or ground anchored), and excavations shored with H-pile shoring and lagging\n * Shafts and drives framed with timber or steel with poling boards, lagging or laths. Supported by pre-cast concrete, steel caissons/plates etc\n\n|\n\n * Experienced temporary works designer (2) able to judge whether it is safe\n\n * Monitoring required (4)\n\n * Can provide producer statements: PS1-design, and PS4-construction review\n\n \n \nTable 2: Recommended competencies for more complex excavation work\n\n(1) Generally flat open ground, with little or no surcharge loading,\nfavourable ground conditions, off set from nearby structures and sensitive\ninfrastructure. Groundwater can be controlled with simple methods, such as a\nsump pump arrangement.\n\n(2) Shoring that comes with documents stating what depths or soil pressure it\ncan be used to (eg slide-rail shoring). Alternatively, shoring designed to\nspecific soil load profiles (eg trench shields).\n\n(3) Through training qualifications or experience, has acquired the knowledge\nand skills to competently excavate to this depth, for example:\n\n * someone who has industry training and expertise, experience, knowledge and skills to excavate to this excavation’s depth and type\n\n * a Chartered Professional Engineer with experience designing temporary works, holding formal Engineering qualifications (eg Civil, Structural or Geotechnical).\n\n(4) Can verify the design and carry out monitoring, depending on the risks\nidentified in the risk assessment\n\n(5) The conditions may include very weak or sensitive soils, groundwater that\nrequire specialist dewatering or locations near structures and sensitive\ninfrastructure. These conditions would result in an elevated risk when\nconstructing the excavation.\n\n## 03 / Managing risks\n\nRisk management involves thinking more broadly about risk, not just spotting\nwork-related hazards. Think about the root cause of any harmful event, the\nlikelihood it will occur, the consequences if it does and the steps to take to\neliminate or minimise the risk.\n\nPCBUs must manage all health and safety risks with excavation work. Remember\nto consult, co-operate and co-ordinate with other PCBUs and to engage with\nworkers.\n\nTo manage risks:\n\n * identify hazards that could reasonably foreseeably create a risk to health and safety\n\n * eliminate the risk so far as is reasonably practicable\n\n * if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risk – minimise the risk so far as is reasonably practicable\n\n * maintain the implemented controls so they remain effective\n\n * review, and if necessary revise controls to maintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, a work environment that does not have risks to health and safety.\n\nFigure 7: Risk management as a continual process\n\n### 3.1 Identify hazards\n\nThe first step in the risk management process is to identify hazards which\ncould injure or harm anyone. A good hazard identification process is the key\nto risk management.\n\nIdentify hazards and controls before the work starts. It may not be possible\nto control all hazards before work starts – so identify the controls and\nimplement them when required.\n\nFor example, consider the hazards to a person:\n\n * falling into an excavation\n\n * being trapped by the collapse of an excavation\n\n * working in an excavation being struck by a falling object\n\n * working in an excavation being exposed to contaminants that take oxygen from the environment.\n\nTo manage the risks, consider all relevant matters including the:\n\n * nature of the excavation\n\n * nature of the excavation work, including the range of possible methods of carrying out the work\n\n * means of entry into and exit from the excavation.\n\nComplete and monitor hazard identification regularly to make sure controls are\nworking and that no new hazards have been introduced.\n\n#### Hazard identification methods\n\nIdentify hazards by:\n\n * physical inspections:\n\n * inspect the workplace and assess where someone could get injured by excavation activities\n\n * consider hazards that may be created by other site users, or if the excavation activities could create hazards for others (eg traffic management)\n\n * task analysis: identify the hazards involved in each task. Some workplaces use job safety analysis (JSA) or task analysis (TA) to do this\n\n * engaging with workers\n\n * process analysis: identify hazards at each stage of the work plan\n\n * consulting guidance and standards\n\n * hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP)\n\n * accident investigation analysis – identify hazards and causes of harm from investigations involving similar types of work.\n\n### 3.2 Assess risks\n\nPCBUs must manage risks that could result from work. Risks to health and\nsafety arise from people being exposed to hazards (sources of harm). Carry out\na risk assessment when:\n\n * it is uncertain a hazard may cause injury or illness\n\n * a work activity involves different hazards, and the workers involved do not know how those hazards interact to produce new or greater risks\n\n * workplace changes may impact on the effectiveness of controls > new or different risks are associated with a change in work systems or work location.\n\nPCBUs must eliminate risks so far as is reasonably practicable. If a risk\ncannot be eliminated, it must be minimised so far as is reasonably\npracticable.\n\nTo decide what is ‘reasonably practicable’, PCBUs must weigh up all relevant\nmatters. Those matters include, but are not limited to:\n\n * how likely the hazard or risk is to happen\n\n * what degree of harm the hazard or the risk might cause\n\n * how much is known about the hazard or risk and how to eliminate it\n\n * what ways are available to eliminate or minimise the risk\n\n * what ways are suitable to eliminate or minimise the risk.\n\nOnly consider cost after assessing the extent of the risk and the available\nways of eliminating or minimising the risk.\n\nThere are times when certain work risks must be dealt with in a specified way.\nFor example, there are specific requirements in regulations about dealing with\nthe risks arising from carrying out remote or isolated work or work dealing\nwith hazardous substances such as asbestos.\n\nA risk assessment will help to:\n\n * identify which workers or others are at risk\n\n * determine what sources and processes are causing that risk\n\n * determine the severity of the risk\n\n * identify if and what kind of controls should be implemented\n\n * check the effectiveness of existing controls.\n\n### 3.3 Control risks\n\nSome controls are more effective than others. Controls can be ranked from the\nhighest level of protection and reliability to the lowest. This ranking is\nknown as the hierarchy of controls.\n\nEliminating a risk is the most effective control. PCBUs must always eliminate\na risk if this is reasonably practicable.\n\nIf this is not reasonably practicable, PCBUs must minimise the risk by one or\na combination of the following:\n\n * Substitution: For example, using an excavator with a rock breaker rather than a manual method.\n\n * Isolation: Isolate means preventing contact or exposure to the risk. For example, using concrete barriers to separate pedestrians and mobile plant.\n\n * Engineering controls: For example benching, battering or shoring the sides of the excavation to reduce the risk of ground collapse.\n\nIf risk remains, it must be minimised by implementing administrative controls,\nso far as is reasonably practicable, for example by installing warning signs\nnear the excavation.\n\nMinimise any remaining risk with suitable PPE, for example hard hats, hearing\nprotectors and high-visibility vests. Administrative controls and PPE rely on\nhuman behaviour and supervision. Used on their own, they tend to be the least\neffective in minimising risks.\n\nFigure 8: Hierarchy of controls\n\nWhen choosing suitable controls, consider:\n\n * excavating plant: if quantities are large, it may be effective to use diff erent types of plant for the various materials undergoing excavation\n\n * stockpiling arrangements: another site may need to be found to temporarily stockpile materials\n\n * material placement: evaluate the methods and plant used for excavating, transporting and compacting the material\n\n * dewatering equipment\n\n * transporting the excavated material:\n\n * type of plant\n\n * length of haul\n\n * nature of the haul route\n\n * tipping or spreading conditions.\n\n### 3.4 Review controls\n\nRegularly review controls on site to make sure they are still effective.\n\nReview, and if necessary revise controls:\n\n * when the control is not effective in controlling the risk (eg if there has been an incident or near miss)\n\n * before a change at the workplace that is likely to give rise to a new or different health and safety risk that the control may not eff ectively control\n\n * if a new hazard or risk is identified\n\n * if the results of consultation indicate that a review is necessary\n\n * if a health and safety representative or committee recommends a review.\n\nCommon review methods include workplace inspections, consultation, testing and\nanalysing records and data. When reviewing controls, review the safe system of\nwork or task analysis and revise it if necessary.\n\nIf problems are found, go back through the risk management steps, review the\ninformation and make further decisions about controls.\n\n## 04 / Planning the work\n\nPlanning involves identifying the hazards, assessing risks and deciding\nsuitable controls in consultation with everyone involved in the work including\nother PCBUs, workers, competent people, and mobile plant operators.\n\nConsider the site factors, hazards and the unique characteristics of the site.\nThe nature of the excavation work will affect the selection of an excavation\nmethod and a safe system of work. The ground conditions will have a\nsignificant impact on what excavation method to select and the controls to\nuse.\n\nOther risks associated with excavation work, including any connected work such\nas construction, must also be controlled so they do not cause harm to anyone.\n\n### 4.1 Safe system of work\n\nA safe system of work sets out how a piece of work or a project will be\ncompleted safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.\n\nImplement a safe system of work before excavation work starts to make sure the\nexcavation happens in the right location with the right plant and equipment on\nsite and with the right workers with relevant competencies.\n\nMake sure to engage with workers carrying out the excavation work and their\nrepresentatives, and if you are working with other PCBUs, co-operate, co-\nordinate and consult with them so far as is reasonably practicable.\n\nA safe system of work should include:\n\n * assigning responsibilities\n\n * a task analysis\n * consulting a competent person regarding any temporary works design\n * identifying any health and safety hazards and risks\n * carrying out a risk assessment\n * describing how you will control any identified risks\n * describing how controls will be implemented, monitored and reviewed\n * accident investigation and reporting methods\n * emergency procedures.\n\nIn the event of any reactive excavation work, establish a safe system of work\nand communicate this to workers.\n\nFor more information, see:\n\n * Appendix B: Safe system of work considerations\n\n * Appendix C: Trenching checklist\n\nTable 3 provides some information to consider before starting work. These are\nthe minimum issues to consider.\n\nSite issues\n\n|\n\nPossible factors\n\n|\n\nMinimum considerations \n \n---|---|--- \n \n##### Ground conditions\n\n|\n\n * soil types\n * stability\n * ground water\n * other soil and rock properties\n * contaminated soils\n * potential for seismic hazards (such as fault rupture, liquefaction and rock fall)\n\n|\n\n * inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\n * weather conditions\n * dewatering plan\n * confirming if it is a Hazardous Activities and Industries List (HAIL) site\n * testing soil and water\n\n \n \n##### Site conditions\n\n|\n\n * surcharges\n * underground and above ground services\n * ground slope\n * adjacent buildings and structures\n * water courses (including underground)\n * trees\n * local weather conditions\n * environmental conditions\n * proximity to existing trench lines\n\n|\n\n * checking with the local authorities whether you are working on a HAIL site\n * district planning and resource consent requirements\n * works access permits\n * consents from service owners\n * WorkSafe notifications (see Appendix D: Notifications to WorkSafe)\n\n \n \n##### The excavation\n\n|\n\n * excavation depth\n * length of time the excavation will be open\n * ground support\n * if excavation may be classified as a confined space\n * the planned height of the excavated face\n * if there will be other construction activity nearby that may cause vibration\n\n|\n\n * static and dynamic loads near the excavation\n\n * consulting a competent person\n\n * deciding on a support solution\n\n * identifying all existing overhead and underground services\n\n * managing pedestrians and traffic with a traffic management plan (TMP)\n\n * securing barriers or fencing to keep members of the public and other site workers away from the excavation site\n\n \n \n##### Work methods\n\n|\n\n * specialised plant or work methods required (eg ground support)\n\n * the method(s) of transport, haul routes and disposal\n\n * what exposures might occur, such as noise, ultra-violet rays, falls or hazardous chemicals\n\n * workers will need to follow good practice for confined spaces safety\n\n * number of workers involved\n\n * possibility of unauthorised access to the work area\n\n * safe access and egress\n\n|\n\n * implementing a safe system of work or safety management system\n\n * identify hazards, assess and control risks\n\n * build in interaction with other trades\n\n * adequate facilities\n\n * emergency procedures\n\n * accident and incident procedures\n\n * contractor management\n\n * testing and checking for plant, equipment, and materials requirements\n\n * inducting and training all workers\n\n * exclusion zones where powered mobile plant will operate\n\n \n \nTable 3: Planning considerations\n\n### 4.2 Utility services\n\nServices include gas, water, stormwater, sewerage, telecommunications and\nelectricity supply, chemicals, fuel and refrigerant in pipes or lines. The\nPCBU must identify and manage hazards and risks associated with underground\nand overhead services in the planning and design stages. In the first\ninstance, contact the service owner for advice prior to works commencing.\n\nFor information on the risks of work around utility service see section 5.7\nand WorkSafe’s Guide for Safety with Underground Services.\n\nGuide for safety with underground services (PDF 349 KB)\n\n#### Establish where the services are\n\nBefore any excavation takes place workers should know what is underground and\nwhat is overhead. Consider services present until it is proven they are not\nthere.\n\n * Liaise with all service owners as there are often multiple services and multiple owners.\n\n * Some service owners provide on-site assistance to help identify services; use this assistance where available.\n\n * Make sure plans and relevant locates and mark-outs are available, get plans and mark out the services.\n\n * Accurately trace and mark out underground services. Drawings and service plans may be different from what is underground.\n\n * Keep copies of current services plans on site.\n\n * Use detection equipment that can detect services. There may be a need to use multiple types.\n\n * Knowledge about what energy sources the services actually carry is essential. Service markings and colours can vary from current national standards and the service owner should be able to provide specific information.\n\n * Check service depths as they may vary from the plan (eg the ground cover may have been altered since the service was laid). Pothole to determine service location and depth.\n\n * Make sure mobile plant access and egress is safe by checking the proximity of overhead services and the ground strength for access routes (eg check for underground drainage pipes, service ducts, soak wells, and storage tanks).\n\n#### Have processes in place\n\n * Check workers are competent to complete the tasks. This will include giving a briefing and assessing that plant, equipment (including safety and protective equipment), tools, and procedures are fit-for-purpose.\n\n * Workers should be supervised to make sure they carry out the work safely.\n\n * Identify where consents and permits are required for closer work activities. This includes:\n\n * liaising with service owners\n\n * web information and resources\n\n * understanding permit conditions\n\n * making sure workers understand what they can and cannot do\n\n * supervising and monitoring conformance.\n\n * Update the service plan arrangements with the service owners.\n\n * Reporting, emergency, and response procedures need to be in place for all identified risks and hazards.\n\n * Put processes in place for reporting incidents, damage, and defects.\n\n * Plan for emergency situations where there is incomplete information about services.\n\n * Develop response plans for workers and others safety in the event of a service strike.\n\n#### What work methods will you use?\n\n * Is the work in proximity to overhead services?\n\n * Will you expose underground services?\n\n * How will you work with the service owner and get permission? This may be required to approach services using hand-held mechanical tools, or mechanical methods, and to backfill the excavation.\n\n * How will you provide underground service plans and related information to other parties, such as other PCBUs and workers operating mobile plant?\n\n * Will you be backfilling?\n\nFigure 9: Underground services exposed by 'potholing'\n\n### 4.3 Nearby buildings or structures\n\nExcavation work may seriously affect the stability of any structure near the\nexcavation. This may lead to structural failure, or ground collapse depending\non the site’s ground conditions.\n\nConsider the excavation’s zone of influence on the stability of any nearby\nstructure and make sure the excavation does not remove any nearby structure’s\nground support.\n\nThe zone is normally at an angle from the base of the excavated face to the\nsurface. The zone’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for example\nsoil strength and density.\n\nLocal regulations or resource consent conditions may also stipulate other\ncontrols for excavating near existing structures.\n\nA competent person should:\n\n * assess any excavation near or below the footing of any structure, including retaining walls\n\n * determine if any supports to brace the structure are required.\n\nMake sure other structures near the excavation site are not adversely affected\nby vibration or concussion during the work. If hospitals and other buildings\nwith equipment sensitive to shock and vibration are nearby, consider the need\nfor special precautions.\n\nThe zone of influence’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for\nexample soil strength and density.\n\nThe figures below show examples of nearby structures and services that may\nrestrict the excavation.\n\nFigure 10: Building line restrictionFigure 11: Existing services\nrestrictionFigure 12: Retaining wall restriction\n\n### 4.4 Securing the work area\n\nSite security should consider all risks to workers and others. Establish the\nwork activity’s boundary before securing the work area. Each work activity may\nbe smaller than the whole workplace, so as each work activity moves its\nboundary moves with it. As the work boundary moves, so far as is reasonably\npracticable, minimise risk to workers and others outside the work activity.\n\nOther people near the work have a responsibility to take reasonable care that\ntheir actions (or lack of action) do not put themselves or others at risk.\nThey must also comply with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, as\nfar as they are reasonably able to.\n\nFor example, a long trench line operation secures each work activity’s\nboundary using movable security arrangements as the excavation work\nprogresses.\n\nWhen organising site security and site access, consider:\n\n * warning or hazard signs\n\n * supervising authorised visitors\n\n * the risk of unauthorised access occurring (consider schools, parks, shops or other public places, or amenities and events nearby)\n\n * pedestrians and other members of public\n\n * other workers and mobile plant on site\n\n * vehicle traffic control within and near the excavation\n\n * delivery points, including vehicle access and egress\n\n * immobilising/locking vehicles\n\n * assessing plant movement to avoid risks to other moving plant or vehicles outside the site’s perimeter\n\n * control and storage of any contaminated materials from the excavation\n\n * safe and secure storage of materials (eg hazardous substances)\n\n * control of energy sources (eg temporary mains service boxes, fuel storage)\n\n * suitably designed and constructed physical barriers (eg safety fences, lockable gates, or covers).\n\nFigure 13: Externally fenced site with internal fences\n\nSafety fences prevent people from gaining access into hazardous areas. Guard\nany excavations to which the public has or might gain access. Fence off the\narea even during times when workers are not present on site.\n\nAny safety fence should comply with the minimum requirements of NZTA’s Code of\nPractice for Temporary Traffic Management available at\nwww.nzta.govt.nz(external link)\n\nHSE Regulation 25 requires any readily accessible excavation likely to collect\nor retain water to a dangerous depth to be, so far as is reasonably\npracticable:\n\n * covered or fenced, when no worker is immediately nearby to prevent access; and\n\n * covered, fenced, or filled at the completion of the work.\n\n### 4.5 Managing traffic\n\nManage traffic, including all road users while the work takes place with a\ntemporary traffic management plan (TMP). All work on a road or work that\naffects the normal operating condition of a road must have an approved TMP.\n\nIf excavations are to take place on or near a road or transport corridor,\nobtain approval from the Road Controlling Authority, which is often the local\nauthority or NZTA.\n\nThe TMP should show how the excavation will be protected so work can go ahead\nsafely for workers and others. The TMP should show how traffic (including\ncyclists and pedestrians) will negotiate the site, for example what lanes will\nbe closed by the work, and how.\n\nIf the site will be unattended, provide a separate TMP also covering the\nprotection of any excavations by backfilling, plating, or fencing. Where work\nis located on roads controlled by a local authority, check with the local\nauthority as to what is required for appropriate traffic management.\n\nFor more information refer to NZTA’s Code of Practice for Temporary Traffic\nManagement(external link).\n\n#### Separating traffic\n\nSeparate the route used for hauling spoil from the one used by workers. If it\nis not possible to separate the traffic, forbid worker movement while spoil or\nplant is being moved, and vice versa.\n\nUnless the excavation is so shallow those outside can see and talk easily to\nthose at the face, provide an effective signalling system and interlocks that\nprevent winding gear from operating while personnel are moving.\n\nWhen mechanical haulage is used in small drives or manholes, excavate refuges\ninto the side of the drive to provide shelter from passing traffic.\n\nThe refuges should be a least 1.2 m deep by 1 m wide by 2 m high (or the\nheight of the drive if it is less than 2 m) and spaced not more than 18 m\napart. They should all be on the same side of the drive.\n\n### 4.6 Hazardous conditions\n\nPlanning considerations should include:\n\n * finding out about the current use and ground history of the work site before assessing any risk\n\n * investigating and testing if a dangerous atmosphere will be present or is likely to be present\n\n * determining if any live services, proximate water courses, or isolation failures could cause sudden flooding of the excavation\n\n * changes in conditions during work (ie disturbing sediment)\n\n * the geology (ie peat soils, methane released from soils).\n\n#### Local authority planning requirements\n\nIt is important to obtain the necessary resource consents before work starts.\nCheck your local authority’s district plan to find out if resource consents\nare necessary.\n\nContact your regional council to check whether you are working on a HAIL (6)\nsite and to make sure you comply with the Resource Management (National\nEnvironmental Standard for Assessing and Managing Contaminants in Soil to\nProtect Human Health) Regulations 2011 (NES) (7) before excavating. For more\ninformation refer to section 5.10.\n\n### 4.7 Confined spaces\n\nThe hazard identification and risk assessment can identify levels of risk that\nwill deem the excavation a confined space under certain conditions.\n\nA confined space is an enclosed or partially enclosed space, not intended or\ndesigned primarily for human occupancy, where there is a risk of one or more\nof the following:\n\n * an oxygen concentration outside the safe oxygen range\n\n * a concentration of airborne contaminant that may cause impairment, loss of consciousness or asphyxiation\n\n * a concentration of flammable airborne contaminant that may cause injury from fire or explosion\n\n * engulfment in a stored free flowing solid or a rising level of liquid that may cause suff ocation or drowning.\n\nIf the excavation’s characteristics meet the defined criteria refer to AS 2965\nConfined spaces to find out the appropriate work methods, risk management, and\nemergency planning.\n\nIf an excavation is in a confined space, undertake pre-entry planning. Make\nsure:\n\n * workers are trained in confined space entry and enough workers are available\n * entry requires a completed permit for entry\n * pre-entry tasks are established and understood by all\n * the atmosphere is tested before entry and continuously monitored during entry, if necessary\n * ventilation is installed and adequate where deemed necessary\n * an emergency plan is established, planned and workable\n * suitable standby person/s are present, trained and aware of their specific tasks in the event of an emergency\n * communication is established with the standby person/s\n * all equipment is suitable and operational, within current inspection dates, and used by workers trained in the use of the equipment.\n\nThe natural reaction to immediately enter and try to rescue a person often\nleads to the serious injury or death of the would-be rescuer/s. A suitably\ntrained and competent standby person should be present to communicate and\noversee the work being conducted. They will co-ordinate the response to any\nemergency. Emergency response planning should follow the requirements of AS\n2865.\n\nFor more information about confined spaces, see WorkSafe’s fact sheet Planning\nentry and working safely in a confined space.\n\n(6) The Hazardous Industries and Activity List is available at\nwww.mfe.govt.nz(external link)\n\n(7) The NES is available at www.mfe.govt.nz(external link)\n\n## 05 / Controlling excavation risks\n\nThis section outlines common risks that PCBUs should manage throughout any\nexcavation.\n\nFirst try and eliminate the risks but if that is not reasonably practicable,\nthen minimise them, so far as is reasonably practicable. A combination of\ncontrols may need to be used. Make sure controls prevent anyone being harmed,\nso far as is reasonably practicable. They must translate into practical\nstandards and expectations, roles, responsibilities, and processes that are\nrelevant for everyone in the supply chain.\n\nTable 4 outlines some excavation hazards and some controls to consider.\n\nConsider\n\n|\n\nExample controls \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Excavation hazards\n\n * placement of excavated materials, plant or other loads\n\n * influence on any nearby structure\n\n * previous disturbance of the ground\n\n * external actions causing instability\n\n * presence of or possible inrush of water or other liquid\n\n * hazardous substances (eg those present in the soil)\n\n|\n\n * identify safe and secure places for excavated materials, plant and other equipment\n * s input for stability and best method for support\n * processes for dewatering in place\n * assess hazardous substances and contaminated soil\n\n \n \n##### Falls and falling objects\n\n * falls from one level to another\n * earth or rock falls\n\n|\n\n * edge protection in place\n\n * safe access and egress\n\n * catch platform\n\n \n \n##### Hazardous atmosphere in an excavation\n\n|\n\n * gas and fumes monitoring\n\n * respirators – fi tted and maintained correctly\n\n \n \n##### Manual handling tasks\n\n|\n\n * using lifting devices (eg hiabs, cranes, trolleys)\n\n * manual handling training\n\n \n \n##### Natural hazards and weather\n\n|\n\n * geotechnical site assessment\n * inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\n\n \n \n##### Overhead services\n\n|\n\n * identification and inclusion in safe system of work\n * minimum approach distances for mobile plant and work activity from overhead lines\n * minimum approach distances for excavation and earthworks from towers and support structures\n * consents or permits\n * applying required safety measures\n\n \n \n##### Underground services\n\n * insufficient natural lighting\n\n|\n\n * traffic management plan\n * site security\n * safety fencing and signage\n * provide suitable artificial lighting\n\n \n \n##### Site safety\n\n * electricity, gas, sewerage, telecommunications, water, services\n\n * chemicals, fuel or refrigerant in pipes or lines\n\n|\n\n * service plans from each service owner\n * trace and mark out services – detecting and marking actual layout\n\n * contingencies for excavations including emergencies\n\n * assume services are present until proven otherwise\n\n * fit-for-purpose locating devices\n\n * consents and permits\n\n * exposing and identifying what and where services are\n\n * safe digging and excavation practice\n\n \n \n##### Vibration and hazardous noise\n\n|\n\n * exclusion zones\n * noise and vibration reduction at source\n * PPE\n\n \n \n_Table 4: Typical excavation hazards\n\nTable 5 outlines some shaft specific hazards and some controls to consider.\n\nConsider\n\n|\n\nExample controls \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Airborne contaminants\n\n|\n\n * install mechanical ventilation to control airborne contaminants and air temperature/humidity\n\n \n \n##### Confined space work\n\n|\n\n * confined space entry safe procedures (see AS 2865)\n\n \n \n##### Falls and falling objects\n\n|\n\n * provide appropriate fall protection (eg temporary work platforms)\n\n \n \n##### Fire or explosion/emergency exits\n\n|\n\n * emergency plan in place\n\n * emergency equipment in place\n\n * workers trained for emergency procedures\n\n \n \n##### Ground instability and removing spoil\n\n|\n\n * stabilise the ground at the head of the shaft and remove spoil\n * continuously line or support the shaft\n\n \n \n##### Hoisting and winching workers, materials, spoil and plant\n\n|\n\n * guide the working platforms and material\n\n \n \n##### Hoisting equipment\n\n * winches, ropes and hooks\n\n|\n\n * avoid overfilling material kibbles and clean kibbles before lifting\n * close shaft doors before tipping\n\n \n \n##### Communication systems\n\n|\n\n * communication systems in place\n * systems in place that will still work during emergencies\n\n \n \n##### Mobile plant\n\n|\n\n * isolate access and guard moving parts of plant and equipment\n\n \n \n##### Shaft dimensions limiting work space\n\n|\n\n * cleaning the spillage off doors, stage and any steelwork\n\n \n \n_Table 5: Shaft specific hazards\n\n### 5.1 Ground collapse\n\nGround collapse is one of the main risks of excavation work.\n\nAll excavations, no matter what depth, can be risky. Ground collapse can occur\nquickly and without warning, giving a worker virtually no time to escape,\nespecially if the collapse is extensive. A buried worker is likely to die of\nsuffocation before help arrives (either the head is buried, or the chest is so\nrestricted by the ground’s weight the worker cannot breathe).\n\nSome types of ground collapse are:\n\nFigure 14: Tension crack\n\nTension cracks usually form at a horizontal distance of 0.5 to 0.75 times the\ndepth of the excavation, measured from the top of the vertical face of the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 15: Sliding\n\nSliding (or sloughing) may occur as a result of tension cracks\n\nFigure 16: Toppling\n\nIn addition to sliding, tension cracks can cause toppling. Toppling occurs\nwhen a face shears along the tension crack line and topples into the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 17: Subsidence and bulging\n\nAn unsupported excavation can create an unbalanced stress in the soil which,\nin turn, causes subsidence at the surface and bulging of the face. If\nuncorrected, this condition can cause face failure and trap workers in the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 18: Base heave\n\nDownward pressure created by the adjoining soil’s weight causes base heave\n(8). This pressure causes a bulge in the bottom of the cut. Base heave can\noccur even when using shoring.\n\nFigure 19: Boiling\n\nBoiling is an upward water fl ow into the bottom of the excavation. A high\nwater table is one of the causes of boiling. Boiling produces a ‘quick’\ncondition in the bottom of the excavation, and can occur even when using\nshoring.\n\n#### Stability of an excavation\n\nAn excavated face’s stability depends on the strength of the soil in the face\nbeing greater than any stresses. Some situations that increase soil stress in\nan excavated face and may lead to failure in bad weather, under extra load or\nvibration are:\n\n * deep cuts and steep slopes, by removing the natural side support of the excavated material\n\n * loads on the ground surface near the top of the face, such as excavated material, digging equipment or other construction plant and material\n\n * shock and vibration, caused by pile-driving, blasting, passing loads or vibration producing plant (eg compacting and drilling plant)\n\n * water pressure from groundwater flow, which fills cracks in the soil, increases horizontal stresses and may undermine the excavation\n\n * saturated soil increasing the soil’s weight and sometimes the volume > natural hazards like floods or earthquakes (eg earthquakes can cause soil liquefaction).\n\nSome conditions that may reduce soil strength are:\n\n * excess water pressure in sandy soil which may cause boiling and saturate the soil and increase its plasticity\n\n * soil dryness may reduce cohesion in sandy soil and soils with high organic content, which then crumble easily\n\n * prolonged stress, may cause plastic deformity (squeezing or flowing)\n\n * prolonged inactivity at an excavation site; reassess the soil before work begins.\n\n#### Ground investigations\n\nWeak, saturated, or otherwise unfavourable ground can have a significant\neffect on the construction and performance of an excavation. Consider having\nground investigations and geotechnical assessments for excavations that are\ncomplex or may affect nearby structures or harm workers and others nearby. The\nground investigation and geotechnical assessments should include:\n\n * advice on the suitability of different sites or distinct areas of a site for placing structures or services\n\n * suitable and economic design of both temporary and permanent works\n\n * a method to identify and evaluate possible problems in constructing temporary and permanent works\n\n * a process to reduce the risk of unforeseen ground conditions. This will decrease the need for changes in design and construction methods.\n\n### 5.2 Prevent ground collapse\n\nIf excavation work is planned without shoring, the continuing safety of the\nexcavation will depend on the conditions arising during construction. If the\nconditions during construction are not as expected, or if conditions change\nduring the course of the work (eg different soils, heavy rain/flooding) take\nimmediate action to protect workers, other people and property.\n\nExcavations shallower than 1.5 m have been known to collapse. If a worker is\nin the excavation and bending over or crouching down at the time of the\ncollapse, he or she may suffer serious injury. PCBUs must consider the risks\nassociated with these excavations and determine if special precautions or work\nmethods are necessary, for example shoring.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nThere are three main types of controls to prevent ground collapse. Make sure\nto use one or more of the following controls to support all sides of the\nexcavation:\n\n * Benching and battering stepping or sloping of the face, side, or wall of an excavation.\n\n * Shorting prevents collapse by maintaining positive pressure on the sides of the excavation, protecting workers.\n\n * Shields do not ensure stability but protect workers from ground collapse, by preventing the collapsing material falling onto them.\n\nNo matter how deep an excavation is, if there is a risk of collapse, put\ncontrols in place to prevent this. Involve a competent person when selecting\nwhat ground collapse controls to apply.\n\nA combination of controls may be most effective, depending on the work\nenvironment and characteristics of the excavated material. In built-up areas\nor streets the excavation may have to be fully or partly sheeted, or supported\nto prevent collapse due to localised vehicle movement and vibration.\n\nIf shoring is impracticable or unreasonable, make sure a competent person\ncertifies any other safety precautions put in place as adequate. The competent\nperson’s advice should state the time period it applies to, and may be subject\nto a condition that specified natural occurrences may create a risk of\ncollapse.\n\nA report from a competent person can provide information on the stability and\nsafety of an excavation. The report should include:\n\n * details of the soil conditions\n\n * any shoring or excavation support requirements\n\n * dewatering requirements\n\n * any longer term effects on stability and safety of the excavation.\n\nHSE Regulation 24 requires any excavated face more than 1.5 m high to be\nshored, so far as is reasonably practicable, unless:\n\n * the face is cut back to a safe slope, or\n\n * the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather, or\n\n * by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any worker in the vicinity, there is no danger to any worker, or\n\n * shoring is impracticable or unreasonable and other precautions have been taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.\n\nBenching is a method of preventing ground collapse by excavating the sides of\nan excavation to form one or more horizontal steps with vertical surfaces\nbetween levels.\n\n#### Regular inspection\n\nThe condition of soil surrounding excavations can change quickly when the soil\ndries out, the water table changes or water saturates the soil. A competent\nperson should frequently check the soil condition and the state of shoring,\nbenching, battering, and excavated faces for signs of earth fretting,\nslipping, slumping, or ground swelling. If necessary, the PCBU should repair\nthe excavation or strengthen the shoring from above before allowing work below\nground to continue.\n\n### 5.4 Shoring\n\nFigure 22: Combination of benching and battering controls\n\n### 5.3 Benching and battering\n\nBenching and battering of excavation walls can minimise the risk of soil or\nrock slipping onto the excavation.\n\nA competent person should design controls considering:\n\n * soil type\n\n * soil moisture content\n\n * planned height of the excavated face\n\n * any surcharge loads acting on the excavated face.\n\nIt is not necessary to bench or batter excavated faces which a competent\nperson determines are in stable rock, or has assessed there is no risk of\ncollapse. If benching or battering excavated walls, do not exceed the soil\ntype’s angle of repose unless designed by a competent person and certified in\nwriting.\n\nBenches should be wide enough to stabilise the slope to prevent spoil falling\ninto the excavation. They should also be sloped to reduce the possibility of\nwater scouring. When designing the face, slopes and widths of benches,\nconsider any earthmoving machinery that may be used and any related haul\nroutes.\n\nSometimes it may be appropriate to use a combination of benching and battering\non an excavation.\n\nFigure 20: Benching control\n\nBattering is where the wall of an excavation is sloped back to a predetermined\nangle to ensure stability. Battering reduces the risk of ground collapse by\ncutting the excavated face back to a safe slope.\n\nFigure 21: Battering controls\n\nShoring provides support to excavated faces to prevent soil moving and ground\ncollapsing. If the ground is not self-supporting, and benching or battering is\nnot suitable, use shoring to manage the risk of a person being buried or\ntrapped during excavation work.\n\nWhen choosing shoring as a control use certified proprietary or non-\nproprietary systems, within their rated load capacity limits according to\nmanufacturer or supplier instructions.\n\nInvolve a competent person when selecting what shoring to use. This is to make\nsure the shoring is fit for purpose. Otherwise, a competent person should\ndesign the shoring for the specific workplace conditions.\n\nIf risks remain for those installing shoring, put other suitable controls in\nplace to ensure the health and safety of workers entering the excavation.\n\nShore the excavated face as the excavation work progresses. If using mobile\nplant, assess the risk to find out if any part of the excavation may be left\nunsupported.\n\nAs part of your safe system of work, make sure workers do not enter any\nunprotected part of the excavation. If the shoring is being progressively\ninstalled workers should not work ahead of the shoring.\n\nShoring should extend above ground level if practicable, or at least to ground\nlevel if that is not practicable, for example where covers may need to be\nplaced over the excavation at night. If the shoring does not extend to at\nleast ground level, bench or batter the excavation and make sure the shoring\ncan take the surcharge load.\n\nHSE Regulation 24 requires that any shoring, so far as is reasonably\npracticable: consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which\nthey are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the\nparticular use\n\n * consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use\n\n * has bracings, jacks, and struts securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes\n\n * be placed properly by an experienced person under competent supervision\n\n * not be altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.\n\n#### Flying shoring\n\nWhen using shoring, it may be possible to excavate below the base of the\nshoring, that is: ‘flying shoring’.\n\nTo do this, excavate to a maximum depth of 600 mm below the base of the\nshoring, if:\n\n * the shoring is designed to resist the forces calculated for the full depth of the excavation, and\n\n * there are no indications, while the excavation is open, of instability below the bottom of the shoring.\n\nControl the risk of ground collapse and carefully visually inspect for any\neffects of:\n\n * bulging\n\n * base heave\n\n * boiling\n\n * surcharge loading\n\n * vibration and other forces.\n\nFigure 23: Flying trench-shoring box\n\n#### Shoring that uses soil arching\n\nShoring that slightly compresses soil without allowing the soil to move\noutward can produce an arching effect in the soil. This is ‘soil arching’.\n\nSoil arching allows excavated walls shored with struts to stand even with no\nsheeting or lagging between the struts, without the soil behind flowing out.\n\nSoil arching does not reduce the total soil load, but distributes it to the\nshoring and away from the excavated face.\n\nThe ability for shoring to use soil arching depends on the consistency of the\nsoil. Both cohesive and non-cohesive soils will experience soil arching to\nsome extent. Generally for soil arching to work there has to be a small amount\nof soil movement, but soils lacking cohesion are usually not good candidates.\n\nShoring that uses soil arching is generally only suitable for excavations less\nthan 2 m deep and where each section of the excavation is open for less than\none week.\n\nMake sure to follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s advice on spacing\nrequirements and recommended preload pressures for shoring; however the closer\nthe shoring is, the better soil arching works.\n\nWhen using shoring, make sure:\n\n * the soil is good enough for the excavation to stand when excavated\n\n * to install support as soon as practicable\n\n * to achieve at least minimum pressure when pumping out hydraulic support and to maintain it\n\n * to use a minimum of three sets of support with a maximum spacing of 1.5 m\n\n * to minimise the length of time the excavation is open.\n\nSome ravelling, or soil falling off the excavated face between the support may\noccur but this will not compromise the shoring. Use backing boards or lagging\nto eliminate or minimise ravelling.\n\nFigure 24: Hydraulic soldier shoring using soil arching\n\n#### Removing shoring\n\nRemove shoring and all supports in a way that protects workers from ground\ncollapse, structural collapse, or being struck. To keep workers safe,\ntemporary structural members may need to be installed before any removal\nbegins.\n\nWhen removing shoring, take apart and extract it in reverse order to its\ninstallation. Workers should not work outside the protection of the shoring.\nNo part of a shoring system should be removed until the excavation is ready\nfor final backfill and compaction.\n\n#### Types of shoring\n\n##### Trench-shoring boxes, manhole boxes and trench shields\n\nA trench-shoring box is able to withstand the forces imposed by ground, water,\nor surcharge loads. It will protect workers within it, as well as prevent\nground collapse. This is achieved by ‘digging and pushing’ the box into the\nground as the excavation proceeds, maintaining positive pressure on the\nexcavated faces at all times.\n\nFigure 25: Trench-shoring box\n\nManhole boxes are a subset of trench-shoring boxes. They are designed and\nconstructed using the same methods and materials as trenchshoring boxes. Most\nmanhole boxes are installed using the ‘dig and drop’ method. If ground\nconditions are poor enough that the dig and drop method is not practical,\nconsider digging and pushing manhole box shoring, corner-slide rails or\nhydraulic brace and sheet systems.\n\nFigure 26: Manhole box\n\nTrench shields are different to trench-shoring boxes as they are only designed\nto protect workers if a collapse occurs. Trench shields are designed to be\ninstalled using the dig and drop method and dragged along as work progresses.\n\nFigure 27: Trench shield\n\nUsing trench-shoring boxes and shields correctly makes it safe for workers\nentering the excavation, while protecting any nearby services or structures.\nMake sure enough trench-shoring boxes and shields are used to suitably protect\nworkers, as the ends remain open, exposing workers near the ends to falling\nmaterial. Workers should not work near each end. The length of pipes or\nservices to install usually determines the number of trench-shoring boxes to\nuse.\n\nUse trench-shoring boxes and shields where access is available for an\nexcavator or backhoe to install or extract it from a trench. They are normally\nnot suitable where access is difficult and ground conditions prevent the use\nof lifting equipment.\n\nTrench-shoring boxes and trench shields should not exceed their maximum\ndesigned load. To reduce the load and depth of the excavation, use benching\nand battering practices.\n\nSuitably maintain trench-shoring boxes and shields or they may fail\nunexpectedly, particularly if they are damaged. Follow the manufacturer’s or\nsupplier’s instructions for installing, using, removing, and maintaining them.\nRegularly inspect them for damage and have a competent person approve any\nmodifications.\n\nFollow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions when storing or\ntransporting trench-shoring boxes and shields. Heavy-duty equipment may\nrequire disassembly for transport.\n\nFor more information on trench-shoring boxes, including specific soil and\nsurcharge profiles refer to AS 47441: Steel shoring and trench lining\nequipment.\n\n#### Slide-rail or rolling-strut shoring\n\nFigure 28: Slide-rail or rolling-strut shoring\n\nSlide-rail shoring is diff erent from trench-shoring boxes and shields,\nbecause all parts including posts, panels, and rolling-strut assemblies move\nduring the excavation. Slide-rail shoring features vertical rail posts and\npanels designed and manufactured to slide relative to each other to dig the\nshoring into the ground. The rolling-strut allows the struts to move up and\ndown the sliderail post during installation.\n\nSlide-rail shoring is available in parallel configurations for trenches or\nrectangular confi gurations for deep pit excavations.\n\nSlide-rail shoring may be used as an alternative to interlocked sheet-pile and\nH-pile shoring. Slide-rail shoring is normally effective to depths of up to 9\nm.\n\nEvaluate slide-rail shoring alongside other deep shoring systems, especially\nsheet-pile and H-pile systems. All three systems work best in poor ground\nconditions such as loose sands, gravels, and soft cohesive clays.\n\nInstall slide-rail shoring as the excavation work is progressing. Slide-rail\nshoring is designed so no void is left in the ground after it is removed. The\nrail posts and panels can be raised simultaneously with the backfi ll\noperation.\n\n#### Steel sheet piling and steel trench sheeting\n\nFigure 29: Steel sheet piling with internal waling supportFigure 30: Guide\nframed steel trench sheeting\n\nSteel sheet piling is normally used on major excavations such as large\nbuilding foundations, where large embankments need to be held back, or where\nthe excavation is near adjoining buildings. Install sheet piling before any\nexcavation work begins. A competent person should install the sheet piling.\n\nUse sheet piling when the ground is so unstable that sidewall collapse is\nlikely while excavating, for example, in loose and running sand.\n\nSheet piles are available in various lengths, thicknesses and profi les and\ninterlock to provide a continuous wall.\n\nSheet piling is usually driven well below the excavation’s base. Sheet piling\nis eff ective in high groundwater conditions preventing soil escaping behind\nthe excavated walls, and when base heave is a risk because of weak soils.\n\nNormally sheet piles are pre-driven using heavy equipment and vibrating head\ntechnology. Minimise noise and vibrations as well as damage to adjacent\nstructures while installing sheet piling.\n\nWhile installing sheet piling make sure the load does not exceed the piling’s\ndesigned load capacity. For deep pits this normally requires welded steel\nframes to be designed and built into the installation. Alternatively, a\ncompetent person should design the installation of any proprietary hydraulic\nframes and struts.\n\nSteel trench sheeting is lighter than sheet piling and overlaps rather than\ninterlocks. It is faster and easier to install but is not capable of being\nused to the same depths of sheet piling.\n\nIt is normally positioned and pneumatically pushed into the fi nal depth as\nthe excavation progresses. Place toms, walings, or hydraulic bracing frames\nand struts into position as the soil is excavated.\n\n#### Ground anchors\n\nA ground anchor is a structural element installed in soil or rock to transfer\na tensile load into the ground. Ground anchors (sometimes referred to as ‘tie-\nbacks’) alone do not support an excavation, they form part of a larger shoring\nsystem, typically with steel sheet piling.\n\nWhen using ground anchors consider:\n\n * ground conditions\n\n * load cases\n\n * performance criteria\n\n * construction methodology\n\n * construction materials.\n\nGround anchors may be used:\n\n> in either granular or clay soils\n\n> if the excavation extends through poor ground conditions\n\n> if sensitive structures are nearby.\n\nInstall ground anchors in grout fi lled drill holes.\n\nA competent person should:\n\n * design ground anchors in accordance with commonly accepted standards, for example:\n\n * 015 Ground anchors and anchored systems\n\n * BS EN 1537 Execution of special geotechnical works – ground anchors\n\n * BS 8081 Code of practice for grouted anchors\n * perform a series of sustained static load tests on a sample of anchors to confirm they have suffi cient load capacity and meet performance criteria\n * always approve any soil removal above ground anchors.\n\nConsider having the competent person prepare producer statements:\n\n * PS1 Design\n\n * PS4 Construction review.\n\nFigure 31: Ground anchors for supporting steel sheet piling\n\n#### Hydraulic support\n\nFigure 32: Hydraulic soldier shoring\n\nHydraulic support comes in configurations from small, lightweight aluminium,\nglass-reinforced plastic (GRP) composite or aluminium soldier sets, to large\nsteel hydraulic bracing frames and struts.\n\nExcept for small soldier sets, or waler and sheet systems, hydraulic shoring\nis normally used with steel trench sheeting or sheet piles.\n\nConsider ground pressures before installing hydraulic supports. In complex\nsituations, requiring support other than small soldier sets or waler and sheet\nsystems, a competent person should design hydraulic support in consultation\nwith a geotechnical engineer. The competent person should design hydraulic\nsupport to resist the expected ground pressures and potential for collapse.\n\nProperly maintain and use hydraulic support or it may become unreliable.\nFrequently inspect pressure hoses and rams to detect abrasion, fatigue, or\ndamage such as bent or notched rams.\n\nWhen the excavation has been fully supported, dismantle the hydraulic support\nto prevent damage. Inspect, repair if necessary, and store the hydraulic\nsupports so they are not damaged before they are used next.\n\nFor more information on hydraulic shoring refer to AS 50477: Hydraulic shoring\nand trench lining lining equipment\n\nFigure 33: Hydraulic bracing frame with steel trench sheeting\n\n#### H-pile shoring\n\nFigure 34: H-pile shoring with timber lagging\n\nH-pile shoring is normally used in large open excavations or pit excavations.\nSteel H-piles are an advanced form of piling installed by drilling or driving.\nTimber lagging is normally used between the H-piles every 1.8 to 3 m. Each\nexcavation will require a site-specific design.\n\nOnly use H-pile shoring in ground which has enough soil arching potential to\npermit lagging. The soil should be above the static groundwater level, or have\nbeen dewatered. Lagging does not extend below the excavation’s base so do not\nuse H-pile shoring and lagging where there is potential for base heave or\nwater and soil flows.\n\n#### Soldier sets\n\nSoldier sets are a simple form of support mostly used in rock, stiff clays and\nin other soil types with self-supporting properties capable of generating soil\narching.\n\nUnlike closed sheeting sets, soldier sets only provide ground support at\nregular intervals and do not provide positive ground support to the whole\nexcavated face.\n\nFigure 35: Soldier sets\n\nA. Spoil heap at least 1 m clear\n\nB. Place toms safely from outside the excavation\n\nC. Spoil\n\nD. Top tom 300 mm minimum from the top\n\nE. For added side support, steel struts may replace timber toms\n\nF. 750 mm maximum spacing of toms\n\nG. Securely nail cleats to soldiers before placing soldiers\n\nH. Soldier resting securely on the bottom\n\nI. Maximum spacing between soldier sets 1.5 m\n\nJ. Soldier, minimum size 150 x 38 mm\n\nK. Tom, minimum size 150 x 38 mm\n\nL. Tom should be long enough to force soldiers firmly against excavated faces.\nTo prevent soldiers excessively bowing against irregular faces, use wood\npacking between the face and soldier\n\nM. 600 mm maximum spacing between the bottom tom and excavation floor\n\n#### Timber shoring\n\nConsider using timber shoring if continuous forms of shoring, or metal shoring\ncannot be used, for example, where services cross the excavation or need to be\nworked around.\n\nFigure 36: Timber shoring with steel trench sheeting\n\nTimber is used as lagging with H-pile shoring and sometimes for long-term\nexcavations such as pipe drilling pits.\n\nA competent person should design any timber shoring conforming to the timber\nsizes and grades specified in Table 6.\n\nTimber species and quality have a large effect on strength. Struts, walings,\nand sheeting sizes should not be less than the minimum sizes and grade\nprescribed in Table 6.\n\nTimber shoring has some specific safety issues. Installing timber shoring to\nsome extent requires workers to work inside an unshored excavation. Carefully\nplan any installation procedure as workers must be protected from becoming\ntrapped or engulfed by a cave-in. If required, use temporary intermediate\nwaling and strutting.\n\nFigure 37: Timber shoring requirements for trenches\n\n### 5.5 Excavated material and loads near excavations\n\nThe influence of any loads near the excavation can cause ground collapse. Any\nexcavated material and external actions applying a load to the ground nearby\ncan affect the excavation’s stability through the zone of influence. The zone\nis normally from the base of an excavated face to the surface. The zone’s\nangle will depend on site-specific factors.\n\nMechanical plant, vehicles, spoil, or heavy loads should not be in the zone of\ninfluence plus 1 m from an excavation unless specific design can show it can\nsupport the surcharge load.\n\nFigure 38: A shored excavation designed to carry soil loads onlyFigure 39: A\nshored excavation designed to carry soil, vehicle and spoil loads\n\nPlacing or stacking spoil near an excavated face puts workers at risk because\nit adds an extra load where it is placed or stacked. For example, placing\nspoil near the excavated face may cause it to collapse.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nUse shoring designed and installed to carry extra loads, including groundwater\npressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated spoil. Store spoil away\nfrom the excavation’s zone of influence plus 1 m.\n\nIf spoil is placed close to an excavation due to obstructions like fences,\nbuildings, or trees, the weight of the spoil may overload the excavated faces.\nIn this case, strengthen the ground support system at these locations and\nprovide barriers to prevent the material falling into the excavation.\n\nIf excavating beside an old service line, place spoil on the opposite side of\nit to prevent excessive loading on previously weakened ground.\n\nIf excavating in sloping ground decide which side of the excavation to place\nthe excavated material. Consider:\n\n * ground conditions\n\n * access to the excavation\n\n * existing underground services\n\n * needing earthmoving machinery or vehicles to work or move beside the excavation\n\n * service installation and backfilling requirements\n\n * manual work in the excavation.\n\nPlacing spoil on the lower side of the excavation will reduce the effective\ndepth of the excavation and the risk of spoil falling into the excavation.\n\nMake sure spoil placed on the high side of the excavation does not increase\nthe risk of ground collapse, flooding, or holding back run-off water. Place\nspoil so it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 40: Spoil placement on effective excavation depth\n\n### 5.6 Prevent falls\n\nWork at height means working in a place where a person could be injured if\nthey fell from one level to another. This can be above or below ground level.\nFirst try to eliminate the risk of falling, so far as is reasonably\npracticable.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nUse edge protection or fencing able to take the weight of a falling worker.\nWhere shoring extends above 200 mm, toe boards are not required.\n\nControls to minimise the risk of falling include:\n\n * fall prevention devices (eg temporary work platforms, edge protection and guard rails) work positioning systems (eg industrial rope access systems)\n\n * fall arrest systems such as catch platforms\n\n * using shoring itself (eg using trench box extensions or trench sheets taller than the excavation’s depth). Where shoring extends above 200 mm toe boards are not required\n\n * installing and securing covers over excavations during non-work times\n\n * installing guard rails and edge protection into the ground immediately around the excavation\n\n * installing landing platforms or scaff old towers inside deep excavations\n\n * securing ladders to shoring\n\n * providing clearly defined pedestrian detours\n\n * providing alternative access and egress points for emergency use\n\n * backfilling the excavation as work progresses.\n\nWhen installing effective barriers or barricades, or guard rails see\nWorkSafe’s guidelines Working at Height New Zealand.\n\n### 5.7 Safe access and egress\n\nProvide safe access and egress for all workers at all times. Keep the floor of\nthe excavation clear of anything that would impede workers’ safe egress in an\nemergency, including:\n\n * debris\n\n * loose spoil\n\n * timber\n\n * tools.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nIn excavations:\n\n * Up to 1.5 m deep, provide ladder, stairway, or ramp access and egress.\n\n * 1.5 m or more deep, provide ladder or stairway access and egress\n\n#### Using ladders\n\nUse ladders constructed of suitable materials, conforming to appropriate\nstandards, and maintain them in good condition.\n\nIf an excavation is such a small dimension that it is not reasonably\npracticable to use ladder access or egress, provide other means to allow\nworkers safe access and egress.\n\nFor every vertical rise of 6 m, break up ladder runs with intermediate\nlandings. Where ladders meet a landing, off set the ladder below from the\nladder above by at least 600 mm.\n\nUnless there are alternative handholds, extend ladders 1 m above the landing\nor the top of the excavation. Fit landing platforms with guardrails, midrails\nand/or toe boards.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s fact sheet\n\nSafe working with ladders and stepladders (PDF 218 KB)\n\n#### Using stairs and ramps\n\nUse temporary stairways in deep excavations as they provide safer access and\negress than ladders.\n\nEach fl ight of stairs should have uniform risers and provide landings of the\nsame width as the stairs for every vertical rise of 6 m.\n\nIf using ramps instead of stairs, the maximum slope should not exceed 1 in 6,\nunless traction cleats are provided at 0.5 m spacing for 1 in 5 slopes, or at\n0.4 m spacing for 1 in 4 slopes.\n\nRamps should not be steeper than 1 in 4.\n\nFigure 41: Scaffolding staircase for a safe and quick evacuation\n\n### 5.8 Manual work\n\nDuring excavation work, there will be circumstances that require some form of\nmanual work including:\n\n * hand excavation\n\n * lifting\n\n * working in close proximity to plant and other workers.\n\nTasks which may lead to manual handling injuries include:\n\n * potholing with sharp hand tools\n\n * spotting/exposing underground services in close proximity to excavator buckets\n\n * frequently accessing trenches around existing services\n\n * installing and removing shoring and fall protection\n\n * placing heavy pipes into the excavation\n\n * using compacting equipment\n\n * using breakers\n\n * using drills.\n\nManual excavation methods are generally used for small, shallow excavations\n(eg less than 1.5 m deep) in soft soils.\n\nFor some excavations, manual work such as trimming by hand will be required.\nTrimming can often be accomplished from outside the excavation by shovelling\nor pushing the material with a long-handled tool or shovel to the bottom of\nthe excavation, where it can be picked up by mobile plant.\n\nPreparatory drilling activity and hand drills may increase the risk of\nmusculoskeletal disorders, including vibration disorders.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nControls include:\n\n * creating exclusion zones around mobile plant and ground buckets – disengaging controls when spotters have to get close\n\n * keeping sites tidy and free from trip hazards and loose materials which may lead to slips\n\n * maintaining safe working spaces around workers\n\n * providing safe access and egress\n\n * rotating tasks and making sure workers take breaks\n\n * using correct lifting techniques to ensure solid footing\n\n * using plant to place and position shoring, props and plates, and remove compactors\n\n * wearing correct PPE.\n\nWhen working close to others, keep workers sufficiently far apart to prevent\ninjury. This applies particularly to work in trenches and small excavations.\n\nFor more information on controlling the risks of manual handling, refer to\nWorkSafe’s Code of practice for manual handling.\n\nControls include:\n\n * using a suitable semi or fully automatic system instead of a manually operated quick hitch system\n\n * training excavator operators on the use of quick hitches\n * ensuring that excavator operators are competent to use the specific hitch for the machine they use\n * operators only using pins designed for this specifi c use (the manufacturer-specified retaining pin must be available on the machine)\n * attachment information clearly displayed or present with the machine identifying:\n * model and serial number\n * manufacturer’s name\n * weight and maximum rated capacity\n * each lifting point’s capacity\n * setting up a system for checking that the pin is in place before starting the work and every time a diff erent attachment is fitted\n * conducting random checks to make sure precautions are implemented and followed.\n\nBefore operating the mobile plant the operator should:\n\n * check the attachment size is suitable and compatible with the quick hitch\n\n * check the quick hitch is kept in good working order\n\n * physically check the safety pin is securely in place or the automatic system has engaged correctly:\n\n * before starting work, and\n\n * when fi tting a diff erent attachment\n\n * make sure an exclusion zone is set up when using the excavator and for attachment fi tting or removal. If there are other workers on the construction site the exclusion zone applies to them, even if they are not involved in the excavator operation.\n\nFor more information on quick hitches see WorkSafe’s fact sheet using quick\nhitches safely\n\n### 5.9 Overhead and underground services\n\nWorkers and others nearby can be killed or seriously injured by striking\nservices that are overhead or underground.\n\nAvoid striking or undermining services. Good planning and supervision should\nidentify and anticipate all overhead and underground services, which will help\ndecide what activities will be allowed near the excavation work.\n\nMobile plant operators should:\n\n * know what overhead and underground services are in the vicinity\n\n * identify and mark out underground services\n\n * assume all services are live or in use unless the service owner formally advises in writing there are no risks with the service\n\n * know how far the mobile plant (eg excavator) can reach\n\n * know minimum approach distances (MADs).\n\nService\n\n|\n\nDistance away \n \n---|--- \nCables, gas transmission or high pressure pipelines| 2 m or more \nOverhead power line| 4 m or more \nPole or support stay| 5 m or more \nTower| 12 m or more \n \nTable 7: MADs to excavate with mobile plant (9)\n\nAny plant or excavation activity (including using hand-held tools) closer than\nthe MADs summarised in Table 7 requires a documented permit or consent from\nthe service owner. This should be held on site. Always check with the service\nowner, as they may have their own specific requirements for work on their\nservice.\n\nUnderstand the service owner’s permit or consent conditions for the work\nactivity and follow these while operating the plant and carrying out the\nexcavation. In some cases this may include following guidance or instructions\nfrom a service representative on site.\n\nAlways assume there are underground services at the site. Make sure the\nservices are located and confirmed by the service owner. Some service plans\nare not accurate and the actual position and depth may be quite different.\nThere may also be other unmapped services present, and services owned by diff\nerent parties.\n\nConsider:\n\n * services may be encased in concrete bases, structures, sleeve pipes or coloured ducts\n\n * some cables may not be in any duct or pipe\n\n * services can be at a shallower depth where they cross obstructions such as culverts, or where the ground surface level has changed\n\n * what actions to take in an emergency.\n\nFor more information on the risks of work near underground services, refer to\nWorkSafe’s Guide for safety with underground services.\n\n#### Mechanical excavation\n\nThe risk of striking and fracturing a service while excavating increases with\nthe use of mechanical excavation methods.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nUse plans, mark-outs, locators and safe digging practices when working near\nburied services.\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * with the service owner’s permission, use water or air vacuum methods to expose congested services\n\n * carefully dig pilot holes progressively towards the services ahead of small-step excavations. Be aware that water under pressure around electric cables with worn sheaths or old joints may cause an electrical hazard\n\n * use one or more spotters to spot obstacles or any signs of services in the excavation. Make sure spotters are a safe distance from any plant movement but still able to see and warn the operator\n\n * excavate as if expecting the unexpected\n\n * excavate alongside the services with suitable side clearance.\n\nFigure 42: Vacuum truck digging a pilot hole\n\n#### Hand-held tools\n\nUsing hand-held tools to approach closer to the point of exposing services can\nrisk fracturing a service if a strike occurs.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * use detectors to locate services laterally as excavation depth progresses, before working towards and exposing the services\n\n * dig in line with the service, not at right angles\n\n * use hand-held tools suitable for breaking hard surfaces, provided there is adequate substrate keeping the tool ends well separated from the services, including making sure:\n\n * not to thrust or spike any hand-held tools into the ground in the close vicinity of services\n\n * metallic handles and curved edges to ease covering ground away\n\n * any use of picks, bars or forks is to ease lumps or rocks away. Avoid using metal picks, bars, forks, drills, or hammers near live electrical cables\n\n * use full body cover with arc-resistant or flame-retardant materials when exposing electric cables, including anti-static properties where gas is a potential hazard.\n\nOnce services are exposed:\n\n * identify what the exposed services are:\n * Guide for Safety with Underground Services. Old or improperly marked services may vary a lot from the recommended markings\n * always treat any uncovered service as electrical or gas until identified\n * check with the service owner for their duct and marking colours and identify what the underground services are and their status.\n\n##### Live electrical work minimum approach distances\n\nFor work around live electrical services, use the MADs set out in section 9 of\nWorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe\nDistances (ECP 34). Apply MADs from the hand-held tool to the exposed service.\n\nMADs are available for non-competent persons. Reduced MADs are available\nwhere:\n\n * the owner of the live parts gives written permission\n\n * competent employees are working near exposed live parts.\n\nECP 34 defines a ‘competent employee’ as an employee who can demonstrate the\nnecessary knowledge, skills and experience to carry out electrical or\ntelecommunications work in the vicinity of overhead electric lines, or exposed\nlive metal, safely and to the standards used by the employer.\n\n#### Backfilling\n\nConsult with the service owner before backfilling. Use appropriate materials\nto preserve the support and condition of the services. Send information to the\nservices owners so they can update their service plans.\n\nFor more information on corridor access requests and corresponding work\nauthority permits refer to the New Zealand Utilities Advisory Group’s (NZUAG)\nNational Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors\navailable at www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)\n\n#### Gas service strike\n\nSparks from striking a gas line can ignite gas and cause a fire or explosion.\nIf a gas line is ruptured, nearby running plant could cause the gas to ignite.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * Use plastic (resin) intrinsically rated handheld tools or brass tools around gas services.\n\n * If inside an excavator, turn off the ignition and immediately leave it and the work area and move to a safe distance.\n\n * Turn off any other sources of ignition.\n\n#### Overhead power lines\n\nExcavating too close to overhead service support structures such as wooden\npoles can cause these to lean or collapse, putting workers and others at risk.\nBreaking communications cables can also release laser light that can damage\neyesight.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * carry out operator briefings to:\n\n * clarify any MADs\n\n * understand the mobile plant’s capability (ie knowing how far the mobile plant can reach)\n\n * put signs or warning labels in the cab about the MADs\n\n * temporarily earth the mobile plant\n\n * use markers and spotters\n\n * shield services\n\n * electrical hazards to mobile plant near overhead power lines and electric cables\n\n * string independently supported flag bunting 1.5 m below the span. The operator and spotter can use this as a guide. Consult the service owner to get consent before stringing any bunting.\n\nIf the service owner consents to excavating closer than the 4 m MAD:\n\n * Protect operators (including operators of remote controlled plant) from electrical hazards.\n\n * Keep people away from the mobile plant in case of electrical contact.\n\n * Have emergency response procedures in place, if electrical contact does accidently happen.\n\nFigure 43: How an excavator can come in contact with live power lines\n\nIf there is contact with live power lines, make sure:\n\n * the operator remains inside the excavator unless threatened by fire\n\n * all workers keep well clear of the excavator and anything else in contact with electricity, and shuffle to clear the area\n\n * to call the emergency service\n\n * to initiate an emergency response, including with the service owner to shut down and isolate the affected service\n\n * to restart work only when emergency service authorities and service owners authorise this.\n\nFor more safety information about work near power lines and underground\nelectic cables see the Electricty Engineers’ Association (EEA) Guide for Non-\nElectricity Industry Employees Using Mobile Plant Near Power Lines and\nElectricity Cables.\n\n### 5.10 Atmospheric contaminants\n\nExcavations can have poor natural ventilation. Control the risk of any\natmospheric contamination or build-up of gases and fumes.\n\nDangerous atmospheres can occur in excavations because of a lack of oxygen or\nthe presence of toxic gases, flammable gases, or simple asphyxiates, for\nexample:\n\n * gases (eg hydrogen sulphide)\n\n * engine fumes (eg carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide)\n * leakage from:\n * gas bottles\n * fuel tanks\n * sewers\n * drains\n * gas pipes\n * LPG tanks.\n\n#### Ground type\n\n|\n\n#### Atmospheric contaminants \n \n---|--- \nPeaty ground| methane, hydrogen sulphide \nFilled and made ground| carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide \nReclaimed land and trips| methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide \nThermal areas| hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur\ndioxide, methyl mercaptan \nCity streets| carbon monoxide, natural gas, carbon dioxide \nService stations| petrol and hydrocarbons, kerosene, LPG \n \nTable 8: Other potential sources of harmful gases from types of ground\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nMaintain an atmosphere that is fit to breathe, limiting any contaminants to\nsafe levels, by:\n\n * never using plant with a combustion engine (eg air compressors, electrical generators) in an excavation if workers may potentially enter to work\n * using gas monitoring devices\n * using ventilation – whether natural, forced, or mechanical to control leaking or seeping toxic gas.\n\nTo help determine safe levels, compare the results of air monitoring to\nworkplace exposure standards. For more information, including health-\nmonitoring nformation, see WorkSafe’s Workplace Exposure Standards and\nBiological Exposure Indices\n\nVentilation systems help to maintain adequate oxygen levels and dilute\nflammable gases, fumes and certain dusts, such as coal and sulphide. These can\nignite if they are present in explosive limits. Mechanical ventilation also\nreduces dust, fumes and hazardous contaminants, and can control air\ntemperature and humidity.\n\nA competent person should design the ventilation system so it provides plenty\nof ventilation throughout the excavation. This might include adding localised\nextraction ventilation to deal with the dust, heat, or fumes from the\nexcavation. The design should allow for installing ventilation equipment or\nducting as the excavation progresses to maintain adequate air supply to the\nworking face.\n\n### 5.11 Ground and surface water\n\nWorkers should not work in excavations where water has collected or is\ncollecting, unless the necessary controls are in place.\n\nWater may collect because of:\n\n * a high groundwater table seeping into the excavation\n\n * nearby storm water drains\n\n * surface run-off after heavy rain\n\n * a nearby swamp, dam, lake, or river.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nControls may include:\n\n * shoring\n\n * dewatering techniques (ie water removal), improved by using:\n\n * cut off walls\n\n * grouting or an asphalt bund\n\n * horizontal wells\n\n * compressed air.\n\nWhen selecting the most appropriate dewatering technique, consider:\n\n * available space within and around the excavation\n\n * depth to the existing groundwater and the necessary increase in this depth to permit access to the excavation\n\n * soil permeability in and around the excavation; note: this may vary across the site\n\n * structures or underground surfaces near the excavation that may be damaged because of dewatering induced ground settlement\n\n * potential for base heave.\n\nFigure 44 and Figure 45 show two dewatering techniques.\n\nFigure 44: Traditional sump pumps control surface water at the excavation’s\nbaseFigure 45: Use well point pumping for lowering groundwater by up to 6 m\n\n### 5.12 Contaminated soils and groundwater\n\nContaminated soils and groundwater can pose a risk to human health through:\n\n * direct contact\n\n * inhaling dust or vapours\n\n * petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil\n\n * general landfill\n\n * suspected asbestos containing material (ACM).\n\nBefore starting any excavation work, assess the likelihood of encountering\ncontaminated soils or groundwater. If contamination is suspected or\ndiscovered, the risk to human health and the environment will require\nreassessment.\n\nHealth monitoring applies to workers if they are at risk of airborne asbestos\nexposure when carrying out ongoing asbestos-related work or asbestos removal\nwork and are at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos when doing that work.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s position statement\n\nThe Resource Management Act 1991 contains prohibitions against the discharge\nof contaminants into or onto the land, the water, or the air unless the\ndischarge is expressly allowed by a national environmental standard, a rule in\na regional plan or a resource consent.\n\nContaminated soils and groundwater can also harm the environment through:\n\n * stormwater and groundwater\n\n * dust\n\n * moving or disposing of contaminated soil.\n\nIndicators of potential contamination include, but are not limited to, unusual\nodours and discoloured or stained water seeps and soils where the land is\npotentially or actually contaminated.\n\nA land use consent may be required from the local authority to excavate or\ndisturb soils at the site. Seek further advice from a suitably qualified and\nexperienced practitioner.\n\n### 5.13 Using explosives\n\nConstruction work that uses explosives is subject to the Hazardous Substances\nand New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO) and regulations. All possession, storage,\nhandling, and use of explosives must be carried out in compliance with this\nlegislation.\n\nThe PCBU should consult a competent person in the controlled application of\nexplosives for carrying out the excavation work before deciding whether\nexplosives should be used for the excavation.\n\nTransport explosives in accordance with the Land Transport Act 1998 and\nregulations and HSNO.\n\nExplosives must only be used by an approved handler who is qualified in\nexplosives safety and has experience in this type of work.\n\n(8) Soil weight refers to the weight of one unit of a particular soil. Soil\nweight varies with type and moisture content 1 cubic metre of soil can weigh\nfrom 1.8 tonnes to 2.2 tonnes or more.\n\n(9) For more information and any exceptions refer to WorkSafe’s New Zealand\nElectrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (PDF 875 KB) [PDF,\n875 KB]\n\n## 06 / Plant and equipment\n\nUse suitable plant and equipment maintained in good condition to carry out\nexcavation work safely.\n\nVarious plant and equipment can carry out excavation work. Excavators in a\nrange of sizes can:\n\n * extract soil from within an excavation\n\n * lift and move materials\n\n * install and remove shoring.\n\nMake sure to use an appropriate excavator for the excavation work and properly\nplan and risk assess any lifting operations by the excavator before carrying\nout the operation.\n\nTo use plant safely:\n\n * make sure the plant is operated by a competent operator\n\n * fit suitable guards and protective devices\n\n * display the working load limit and make sure any load measurement devices are operating correctly\n\n * maintain plant in accordance with the manufacturer/supplier’s instructions or relevant standards\n\n * fi t excavators with an operating weight of seven tonnes or more with hose burst protection valves\n\n * carry out regular planned inspections and maintenance in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations to make sure the mobile plant works safely, whether leased, hired, or owned\n\n * conduct both mechanical and electrical testing\n\n * carry out the following checks:\n\n * start checks on the general condition and maintenance of the plant\n\n * specifications or relevant standards.\n\nPlant defects should be reported immediately to the PCBU. If a defect is\nlikely to pose an immediate or imminent risk to health and safety, remove the\nplant from service until the defect is fixed.\n\n### 6.1 Checking the plant, equipment and materials\n\nCheck plant, equipment, and materials before arriving at the worksite. Make\nsure the plant and equipment are fit-for-purpose and in good working order.\n\nIf applicable, carry out checks before leaving the depot, and report any\nconcerns according to company procedures, for example by tagging unsafe\nequipment. Do a final check when at the site and look over the area before\nstarting work.\n\nMake sure the materials are suitable for the job and the quantities are\ncorrect.\n\nCheck that enough material has been ordered, for example geotextiles and metal\nfor backfilling.\n\nCheck there is appropriate PPE for the job and it is in good condition.\nCorrect PPE includes:\n\n * high-visibility clothing\n\n * hard hat\n\n * safety footwear\n\n * hearing and eye protection.\n\n### 6.2 Using plant\n\nA wide range of powered mobile plant, including earthmoving machinery can\ncarry out excavation work. To select suitable plant, consider:\n\n * the task\n\n * site access and restrictions\n\n * type and depth of excavation\n\n * ground conditions\n\n * the mobile plant’s size and reach\n\n * hazards (eg overhead and underground services)\n\n * the volume of material to be excavated and transported\n\n * where the excavated material is to be located and stored.\n\nA competent operator should use earthmoving machinery for its originally\ndesigned purpose. Earthmoving machinery operators must demonstrate they are\ncompetent to operate the specific type of plant and any fitted attachments.\n\n#### Using earthmoving machinery\n\nBulldozers and scrapers are often used to prepare a work area for further\nspecific excavation.\n\nBulldozers typically excavate and move large amounts of material short\ndistances. They can be equipped with hydraulically-operated rippers at the\nback which are capable of loosening the hardest of sedimentary rocks.\n\nSelf-propelled rubber-tyred scrapers can excavate and haul very large\nquantities of material economically over long distances at relatively high\nspeed. Because of the large potential soil output and speeds of modern\nscrapers, pay careful attention to:\n\n * job layout\n\n * haul roads\n\n * vehicle pathways\n\n * worker movements and overall traffic management.\n\nTemporary haul roads should be well constructed and maintained to let plant\noperators complete the work safely.\n\nLarge earthmoving machinery such as bulldozers should not operate close to an\noverhang or a deep excavation, as the weight may collapse the excavation.\n\nExcavation work exceeding 1.5 m deep is typically done by excavators or\nspecialised plant such as tunnelling machines and raisebores. Most of these\ntypes of plant have an element of mobility, although tunnelling machines\ntypically have restricted movement.\n\nOther plant used in excavation work includes backhoes, rubber-tyred loaders,\nskid steer loaders (eg bobcats), trench diggers, graders and tip trucks.\n\n### 6.3 Plant and vehicle operation near excavations\n\nPowered mobile plant should not operate or travel near the edge of an\nexcavation unless the shoring can support such loads.\n\nPlant should approach end-on to excavations. If this is not practicable, make\nsure workers in the excavation get out when the plant is within the\nexcavation’s zone of influence or move away and stand further down the\nexcavation.\n\nWorkers should never stand under a load being lifted over the excavation.\n\nFigure 46: Prevent plant operation near excavationsFigure 47: Wheel stopper\nrestricting plant movement\n\nPhysical barriers such as wheel stoppers are one way of restricting plant\nmovement near an excavation.\n\nTable 9 outlines some excavation hazards and some controls to consider.\n\nConsider\n\n|\n\nExample controls \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Attachment failure\n\n|\n\n * use quick hitches to secure attachments\n * make sure the operator is familiar with and able to implement and manage any quick hitch used\n * make sure the operator checks any pins\n\n \n \n##### Buried contaminants (eg asbestos)\n\n|\n\n * conduct a site assessment and carry out any remedial action\n\n \n \n##### Lack of visibility\n\n|\n\n * make sure operators can see areas where people may be at risk from the operation of the machine\n\n * equip excavators with adequate visibility aids or use a spotter/s\n\n \n \n##### Plant instability\n\n|\n\n * set up as per industry recommendations\n\n \n \n##### Plant striking workers\n\n|\n\n * keep people away from areas of plant operation. Most excavator related deaths involve a person working in the vicinity of the excavator rather than the driver\n\n * use barriers, signage or a spotter\n\n \n \n##### Spoil placement\n\n|\n\n * safe distance of at least 1 m from edge\n\n \n \n##### Spotter\n\n|\n\n * use a trained spotter in a safe position to direct excavator operation and any pedestrian movements\n\n * make sure the spotter and operator understand the signals they will use and agree on the way to communicate with each other\n\n \n \n##### Strike hazards\n\n|\n\n * select plant with minimal tail swing if slewing in a confined area\n\n * maintain over 0.5 m of clearance between any part of the machine, particularly the ballast weight, and the nearest obstruction\n\n \n \nTable 9: Typical excavator operation hazards\n\n### 6.4 Blind spots\n\nOperators of powered mobile plant can often have severely restricted\nvisibility of ground workers or nearby pedestrians, particularly those close\nto the plant.\n\nFigure 48 and Figure 49 show some of the blind spots for operators of typical\nexcavation equipment.\n\nIn Figure 49 the operator’s visibility of the left rear relies on mirrors.\nNote there will always be a blind spot for the operator in line with the boom.\nWorkers should approach the operator from a point where everyone can clearly\nsee each other.\n\n### 6.5 Operator protection\n\nPowered mobile plant should be equipped with an appropriate combination of\noperator protection devices, for example an enclosed cabin and seat belts, to\nprevent the operator from ejecting from the cab or being struck by falling\nobjects.\n\nAny earthmoving machinery weighing more than 700 kgs, not including\nattachments, and designed to have a seated operator, should have an\nappropriate operator protective structure fi tted. These are either roll-over\nprotective structures (ROPS), falling object protective structures (FOPS) or\nboth, depending on the application. Self-propelled mechanical mobile plant\nmust, so far as is reasonably practicable, be fi tted with roll-over\nprotection and seat belts.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s Approved Code of Practice for Operator\nProtective Structures on Self-Propelled Mobile Mechanical Plant.\n\n### 6.6 Quick hitches\n\nFigure 49: Safe approach zone for an excavatorFigure 48: Mobile plant operator\nblind spots\n\nQuick hitches allow a bucket or other attachment to be quickly and easily\nconnected and disconnected from an excavator or backhoe arm, saving signifi\ncant time during mobile plant operation.\n\nA pin holds the attachment in place against the quick hitch and insures\nagainst accidental release. However, a manual quick hitch may still operate\nwithout the retaining pin in place and then suddenly, without warning, swing\nopen or fall completely. If this happens when lifting over or close to a\nperson the result is likely to be fatal.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nBefore operating the mobile plant, make sure the operator:\n\n * checks the attachment is securely attached by the quick hitch\n\n * sets up an exclusion zone around the area where the excavator is operating.\n\nEquip mobile plant operating near workers or other plant with warning devices\n(eg a reversing alarm or a revolving light; vehicles can also be fitted with\nreversing cameras).\n\nEstablish an effective system of communication based on two-way\nacknowledgement between mobile plant operators and ground workers before work\nstarts. Train relevant workers in the procedures before they start work. The\nsystem should stop ground workers from approaching mobile plant until the\noperator has agreed to their request to approach. Similarly, the system should\nstop operators from moving plant closer than a set distance from ground\nworkers until ground workers have advised the operator that they are aware of\nthe proposed movement.\n\nMobile plant operators and workers should be familiar with the blind spots of\nthe plant being used. Provide induction-training programs emphasising the\ndangers of working in close proximity to mobile plant, and provide adequate\nsupervision.\n\nMake sure operators and workers wear highvisibility PPE.\n\n#### Exclusion zones and spotters\n\nExclusion zones and separating workers from mobile plant should be the first\noption for managing this risk. If exclusion is not possible, use spotters to\ncontrol operations when workers are in the immediate area. A spotter should be\nin constant contact with the mobile plant operator.\n\nFigure 50: A spotter helping a reversing vehicle\n\n### 6.7 Load-lifting\n\nItems of mobile plant (including earthmoving equipment), not originally\ndesigned as a crane, and used for load-lifting incidental to their principal\nfunction are entirely exempt from the Health and Safety in Employment\n(Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 subject\nto the following conditions (10) as applicable:\n\n * lifting points and equipment used for rigging loads must be certified by a Chartered Professional Engineer\n\n * in the case of new and used hydraulic excavators with an operating weight of seven tonne or more, the following additional conditions apply:\n\n * the equipment is not to be modified to make it operate as a crane other than the provision of a lifting point\n\n * the equipment is to have a loading chart available to operators\n\n * operators and ground support personnel are to be adequately trained\n\n * operations are to be carried out in accordance with the Approved Code of Practice for Load-Lifting Rigging\n\n * hose burst protection valves are required (except for load-lifting mobile plant used in forestry operations that do not involve the construction of forest roads).\n\n(10) Notice Under the Health and Safety in employment (Pressure Equipment,\nCranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 (24 September 2015) 104 New\nZealand Gazette(external link)\n\n## 07 / Appendices\n\n### 7.1 Appendix A: Legal framework\n\nAll excavation work must comply with HSWA and associated regulations. Table 10\nlists the specific duties under the HSE Regulations that apply to excavations\nin construction work.\n\nRegulations\n\n|\n\nDuties \n \n---|--- \n \nRegulation 23\n\nApplication of Regulations 24 and 25\n\n|\n\n(1) In Regulations 24 and 25, the term employer means -\n\n(a) every employer, in relation to every workplace under the control of that\nemployer in which any construction work is carried out; and\n\n(b) every person who controls a workplace in which any construction work is\ncarried out.\n\n(2) In Regulations 24 and 25, the term employee, -\n\n(a) in relation to an employer of the kind described in subclause (1)(a),\nmeans an employee of that employer; and\n\n(b) in relation to a person of the kind described in subclause (1)(b), means a\nperson working in the workplace. \n \nRegulation 24\n\nExcavations with face more than 1.5 m high\n\n|\n\n(1) Subject to subclause (2), every employer must, so far as is reasonably\npracticable, ensure that, where any face of any excavation is more than 1.5 m\nhigh, that face is shored.\n\n(2) Subclause (1) does not apply where—\n\n(a) the face is cut back to a safe slope; or\n\n(b) the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all\nreasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather; or\n\n(c) by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any employee in\nthe vicinity, there is no danger to any employee; or\n\n(d) the provision of shoring is impracticable or unreasonable by reason of the\nnature of the work and the employer has, so far as is reasonably practicable,\ntaken steps to ensure that other precautions are taken to make the face as\nsafe as possible in the circumstances.\n\n(3) Every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that any\nshoring used in any excavation at the workplace—\n\na) consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are\nto be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use;\nand\n\n(b) has bracings, jacks, and struts that are securely held to prevent\naccidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or\nspikes; and\n\n(c) is placed in a proper manner by an experienced person under competent\nsupervision; and\n\n(d) is not altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions\nof the employer or a representative of the employer. \n \nRegulation 25\n\nExcavations of hazardous depth\n\n|\n\nEvery employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure, where any\nexcavation is—\n\n(a) readily accessible to any person; and\n\n(b) likely to collect or retain water of such a depth as to constitute a\ndanger to any person,—\n\nthat—\n\nc) any such excavation is covered or fenced, when no employee is in the\nimmediate vicinity to prevent access to it by any person; and\n\n(d) any such excavation created in the course of the work is covered, fenced,\nor filled at the completion of the work. \n \nTable 10: Duties in relation to excavations in the HSE Regulations\n\n#### Tunnelling operations\n\nUnder clause 4 of Schedule 3 of HSWA a tunnelling operation is the extraction\nof fill to create, extend, or enlarge a tunnel or shaft. Tunnelling operations\nare subject to Schedule 3 of HSWA and the MOQO Regulations, except operations\ninvolving:\n\n * tunnels or shafts of any length where no-one ordinarily works underground\n\n * tunnels or shafts that are or will be 15 m or less, where one or two workers ordinarily work underground at any one time, and:\n\n * no explosives are used, and\n\n * methane concentrations will not exceed 0.25% of the air in the tunnel or shaft.\n\n#### Building legislation\n\nThe Building Act 2004 and Building Regulations 1992 will generally apply if\nexcavations are associated with constructing, altering, demolishing or\nremoving a building. This also includes site work and building-related design\nwork.\n\nFor more information on building legislation and controls, refer to the\nMinistry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s website\nwww.building.govt.nz(external link)\n\n#### Other requirements\n\nConsider the requirements of any applicable:\n\n * codes of practice\n\n * engineering standards\n\n * laws and regulations and any subsequent amendments\n\n * local authorities, by-laws and district plans.\n\nRelevant legislation to consider may include the following Acts and\nregulations made under them:\n\n * Building Act 2004\n\n * Electricity Act 1992\n\n * Gas Act 1992\n\n * Land Transport Management Act 2003\n\n * Local Government Act 2000\n\n * Resource Management Act 1991\n\n * Telecommunications Act 2001\n\n### 7.2 Appendix B: Safe system of work considerations\n\nPlanning considerations should include discussions on:\n\n * permits/consents/notifications\n\n * service mark-outs and locations\n\n * site-specific documentation which could include:\n\n * health and safety policy\n\n * summary worksite safety plan\n\n * worksite emergency procedures\n\n * worksite safety induction card\n\n * visitor and worksite induction register\n\n * accident/incident register\n\n * injury/ill-health/incident reporting\n\n * hazard identification\n\n * site-specific risk assessment\n\n * safe or standard operating procedures\n\n * environmental plan (ie erosion and sediment control)\n\n * quality plan\n\n * overhead services and underground service plans\n\n * construction plans\n\n * nature or condition of the ground, for example:\n\n * ground water\n\n * depth of excavation\n\n * soil conditions\n\n * confined space and ventilation\n\n * weather conditions (eg time of year, expected conditions etc)\n\n * static and dynamic loads near the excavation\n\n * interaction with other trades\n\n * site access and security\n\n * traffic management and public safety\n\n * type of plant and equipment to be used for excavation work\n\n * the length of time the excavation is to remain open\n\n * provision of adequate facilities.\n\n### 7.3 Appendix C: Trenching checklist\n\nThis is a basic checklist for trench work. Add other items as appropriate to a\nparticular site or job.\n\n 1. Is the surface clear of plant, spoil heaps and materials for at least 1 m from the edge of the excavation?\n 2. Are spoil heaps properly controlled and will they stay like this in wet weather?\n 3. Is the trench clear of workers while the spoil heap is being worked on?\n 4. Is the space between the trench and the spoil heap clear of pipes, bricks, stones, tools, etc?\n 5. Is the work properly fenced off and ‘signed’ during the day. Is the work properly fenced off, ‘signed’, guarded and lit during the night?\n 6. Is access adequate without anyone having to jump across? Are footbridges with guard rails available and being used?\n 7. Are ladders available and being used?\n 8. Is the supervisor making sure that no-one climbs on the timbering?\n 9. Is the trench safe from exhaust gases from plant working in the trench or nearby?\n 10. Does everyone know where the buried services are and are they clearly marked?\n 11. Are the workers who are excavating and shoring the trench experienced in this sort of work?\n 12. Are they working at safe distances from each other?\n 13. Is the ground as the design assumed?\n 14. Is there any movement or deterioration of the ground that may put adjacent services, roads or structures at risk?\n 15. Is the area affected by blasting or other heavy vibrations?\n 16. Is the ground water level as used in the design (ie not higher)?\n 17. Are proper sumps provided?\n 18. Does the pumping arrangement avoid drawing material from behind the sheeting?\n 19. Is the work being done in accordance with the drawings or sketches? If not, is the variation permissible?\n 20. Are unsheeted faces safe, with no sign of peeling away?\n 21. Are materials of the correct design size and quality?\n 22. Are wedges tight?\n 23. Is timbering free of damage from skips?\n 24. Are waling and strut spacing within +/-100 mm?\n 25. Are deflections excessive?\n 26. Are all struts horizontal and positioned squarely to the walings (within 1 in 40)?\n 27. Are frames supported against downward movement (by hangers or lip blocks, puncheons and sole plates)?\n 28. Have correct pins been used in steel trench struts?\n 29. Is the method of withdrawing sheeting and support for the trench during backfill safe?\n 30. Is the work area tidy?\n 31. Are stops provided for mobile plant?\n 32. Is visibility adequate in the trench?\n 33. Is PPE available and being used?\n\n### 7.4 Appendix D: Notifications to WorkSafe\n\nEmployers and the person in control of the workplace must notify WorkSafe at\nleast 24 hours’ before doing any hazardous work (as defined below).\n\nThese notices help WorkSafe plan workplace visits to promote health and safety\nfor everyone in or near a workplace.\n\nNotify WorkSafe by either:\n\n * filing a Notification of Particular Hazardous Work online\n * downloading the notification form and posting or faxing it to WorkSafe.\n\n#### Work that needs to be notified to WorkSafe\n\nDefined in the HSE regulations as:\n\n * any commercial logging or tree-felling\n\n * any construction work where:\n\n * storeys high, a power or telephone line, or carried out from a ladder only, or minor or routine maintenance or repair work)\n\n * scaffolding from which someone could fall 5 m or more while being put up or dismantled\n\n * propelled mobile crane, excavator or forklift) has to lift weights of half a tonne (500 kg) or more a height of 5 m or more\n\n * people have to work in an excavation that is more than 1.5 m deep and which is deeper than it is wide at the top\n\n * workers need to work in any kind of heading, excavation or drive where there is ground cover overhead\n\n * work in any excavation in which any face has a vertical height of more than 5 m and an average slope steeper than a ratio of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical\n\n * work where explosives are used, or stored for this purpose\n\n * workers need to breathe air that is or has been compressed or breathe a respiratory medium other than air.\n\n#### Notifiable events\n\nA notifiable event is when someone dies or when a notifiable incident, illness\nor injury occurs as a result of work. WorkSafe must be informed of all\nnotifiable events. Notifiable injuries, illnesses and incidents are specified\nin HSWA.\n\n#### Notifiable incidents\n\nHSWA requires PCBUs to notify WorkSafe if there is an unplanned or\nuncontrolled incident at a workplace that exposes a person (worker or\notherwise) to a serious risk to their health and safety arising from immediate\nor imminent exposure to:\n\n * a substance escaping, spilling, or leaking\n\n * an implosion, explosion or fire\n\n * gas or steam escaping\n\n * pressurised substance escaping\n\n * electric shock\n\n * the fall or release from height of any plant, substance or object\n\n * damage to or collapsing, overturning, failing or malfunctioning of any plant that is required to be authorised for use\n\n * the collapse or partial collapse of a structure\n\n * the collapse or failure of an excavation or any shoring supporting an excavation\n\n * the inrush of water, mud, or gas in workings in an underground excavation or tunnel\n\n * the interruption of the main system of ventilation in an underground excavation or tunnel\n\n * a collision between two vessels, a vessel capsize, or the inrush of water into a vessel\n\n * any other incident declared in regulations to be a notifiable incident.\n\n### 7.5 Appendix E: More information\n\n#### Environmental Protection Authority\n\nFor information about how to manage hazardous substances visit the\nEnvironmental Protection Authority’s website www.epa.govt.nz(external link)\n\n#### Local council\n\nYour council might have additional rules that need to be met. Check with your\nlocal council for specific rules that apply in your region.\n\n#### Local utility owners\n\nCheck any local utility owners’ websites for additional procedures that may\nneed to be met – look for headings like safety, working safely or public\nsafety.\n\n#### New Zealand Legislation\n\nTo access all legislation including Acts and regulations visit the New Zealand\nLegislation website www.legislation.govt.nz(external link)\n\n#### The Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ)\n\nA list of competent engineers can be found on the IPENZ website, under the\nChartered Professional Engineers (CPEng) Register available at\nwww.ipenz.nz(external link)\n\n#### WorkSafe\n\nFor information and guidance about health and safety visit our website or call\n0800 030 040.\n\nYou can visit our website for more information and guidance specifically about\nelectrical or gas safety or call 0800 030 040.\n\n#### Standards\n\nAS 1657 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders – design,\nconstruction and installation\n\nAS 2187.2 Explosives – storage and use – use of explosive\n\nAS 2865 Confined spaces\n\nAS 4744.1 Steel shoring and trench lining equipment\n\nAS 5047 Hydraulic shoring and trench lining equipment\n\nAS/NZS 1576 Scaffolding (series)\n\nAS/NZS 1892 Portable ladders (series)\n\nBS EN 13331-1 Trench lining systems. Product specifications\n\nBS EN 13331-2 Trench lining systems. Assessment by calculation or test\n\nBS EN 1537 Execution of special geotechnical works – ground anchors\n\nBS 8081 Code of practice for grouted anchors\n\nFHWA-IF-99-015 Ground anchors and anchored systems\n\nNZS 3603 Timber structures standard\n\n#### Guidance\n\nApproved Code of Practice for Operator Protective Structures on Self-Propelled\nMobile Mechanical Plant\n\nCode of Practice for Temporary Traffic Management: Part 8 of the Traffic\nControl Devices Manual New Zealand Transport Agency www.nzta.govt.nz(external\nlink)\n\nExcavation Work Code of Practice Safe Work Australia\nwww.safeworkaustralia.gov.au(external link)\n\nGuide for Safety with Underground Services (PDF 349 KB) [PDF, 349 KB] WorkSafe\nNew Zealand\n\nHealth and Safety at Opencast Mines, Alluvial Mines and Quarries (PDF 12 MB)\n[PDF, 12 MB] WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nNational Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors\nNew Zealand Utilities Advisory Group (NZUAG) www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)\n\nNew Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (NZECP\n34:2001) WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nSafe Use of Machinery WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nUsing Quick Hitches Safely (PDF 792 KB) [PDF, 791 KB] WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nWorkSafe position on work-related health (PDF 55 KB)\n\nSafe working with ladders and stepladders (PDF 218 KB)\n\nWorkplace Exposure Standards and Biological Exposure Indices WorkSafe New\nZealand\n\nYour Guide to Working Safe on the Road and Staying Alive New Zealand Utilities\nAdvisory Group (NZUAG) www.powerco.co.nz(external link)\n\n### 7.6 Appendix F: Glossary\n\nTerm\n\n|\n\nBrief explanation \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Backfill\n\n| Material used for refilling excavations. \n \n##### Barricade\n\n| Any object or structure that creates a barrier obstacle to control, block\npassage or force the flow of traffic in the desired direction. \n \n##### Battering\n\n| Means to form an angled excavation face, usually less than the natural angle\nof repose, to prevent ground collapse. \n \n##### Bench\n\n| A horizontal step cut into an excavation face to provide horizontal bearing\nand sliding resistance. \n \n##### Benching\n\n| The horizontal stepping of an excavation face. \n \n##### Closed sheeting\n\n| A continuous frame with vertical or horizontal sheathing planks placed side\nby side to form a continuous retaining wall supported by other shoring parts\nto hold up an excavated face. \n \n##### Competent person (excavation work)\n\n| A person who has competencies for different types of excavations set out in\nsection 2.5. \n \n##### Competent person (including competent operator)\n\n| A person who has acquired through training, qualification, or experience the\nknowledge and skills to carry out a task. \n \n##### Drives\n\n| Small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or elsewhere, for\nexample, under roads. \n \n##### Dynamic load\n\n| The forces that move or change when acting on a structure. \n \n##### Exclusion zone\n\n| An area from which all persons are excluded during excavation work. \n \n##### Face\n\n| An exposed sloping or vertical surface resulting from excavating material. \n \n##### Open excavation\n\n| An excavation in open ground which can vary in shape and size often defined\nby adjacent services or buildings. \n \n##### Permanent works\n\n| The parts of a construction project that will be used and remain in position\nfor a long time (eg 60 years). This includes buildings and structures such as\nbridges, roads, retaining walls, etc. \n \n##### Person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU)\n\n| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it means any person (including\na legal entity) running a business or undertaking. For example, a limited\nliability company, partnership, trust, incorporated society, etc. \n \n##### Pit excavations\n\n| Usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest horizontal dimension at the\nsurface. Generally, beyond a depth of around 10 m, an excavation becomes a\nshaft. Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations,\nunderground tanks and the like. They are also excavated to construct pile caps\nand other types of foundations or to access and/or locate existing services to\nmaintain them. \n \n##### Risk\n\n| Risks arise from people being exposed to a hazard (a source of harm). Risk\ncan be described as the likelihood certain consequences (death, injury, or\nillness) occur when a person is exposed to a hazard. \n \n##### Risk assessment\n\n| Involves considering what could happen if someone is exposed to a hazard and\nthe likelihood of it happening. \n \n##### Safe slope\n\n| The steepest slope at which an excavated face is stable against slips and\nslides, having regard to the qualities of the material in the face, the height\nof the face, the load above the face and the moisture conditions for the time\nbeing existing. \n \n##### Shaft\n\n| A vertical or inclined way or opening from the surface downwards or from any\nunderground working, the dimensions of which (apart from the perimeter) are\nless than its depth. \n \n##### Sheet piling\n\n| Vertical, close-spaced, or interlocking planks of steel, reinforced concrete\nor other structural material driven to form a continuous wall ahead of the\nexcavation and supported either by tie-backs into solid ground structural\nmembers from within the excavation as the work proceeds. The use of timber,\nsteel or other structural material to support an excavation in order to\nprevent collapse so that construction can proceed. \n \n##### Sheeting\n\n| Sheeting is overlapping rather than interlocking, and cannot stand on its\nown. \n \n##### Safe system of work\n\n| A system of working covering how a piece of work or a project will be\ncompleted safely and in compliance with relevant legislation. \n \n##### Soil arching\n\n| Describes an arching eff ect some types of shoring create by slightly\ncompressing soil in without allowing the soil to move outward. \n \n##### Soldier\n\n| Vertical upright steel or timber element used for supporting a trench wall. \n \n##### Static load\n\n| A static load is the effect of gravity on an object or structure. For\nexample the weight of a bridge. \n \n##### Structure\n\n| A building or other object constructed from several parts. \n \n##### Strut\n\n| Structural member (usually horizontal) in compression resisting thrust or\npressure from the face or faces of an excavation. \n \n##### Temporary works\n\n| The parts of a construction project that allow permanent works to be built.\nUsually they are removed after use (eg access scaffolds and shoring). \n \n##### Tom\n\n| Structural member used to hold soldiers against an excavated face or to\npress walers apart in a close sheeted excavation. \n \n##### Trench\n\n| A long narrow excavation, deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface\nalong its length. Trenches are generally excavated to install or maintain\nunderground services or to otherwise investigate beneath the ground surface. \n \n##### Trench shield\n\n| A steel or metal structure with two vertical side plates permanently braced\napart by cross frames or struts designed to resist the pressure from the walls\nof a trench and capable of being moved as a unit. \n \n##### Upstream PCBUs\n\n| PCBUs who design, manufacture, import or supply plant, substances or\nstructures, or who install, construct or commission plant or structures. \n \n##### Waler\n\n| A horizontal steel or timber element used for supporting a trench wall. \n \n##### Water scouring\n\n| An erosion process resulting from the action of the flow of water. \n \n##### Worker\n\n| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it is a person who carries out\nwork in any capacity for a PCBU. It covers almost all working relationships,\nincluding employees, contractors, sub-contractors, and volunteers. \n \n##### Workplace exposure\n\n##### standards (WES)\n\n| A WES is the level of a substance in the air that is believed to be safe for\nnearly all workers repeatedly exposed, day after day, to that substance. The\nvalues are usually calculated based on exposure over eight hours, 15 minutes\nor, in some cases, instantaneous exposure. \n \n##### Zone of influence\n\n| Means the volume of soil around the excavation where actions may influence\nthe excavation’s stability (eg vehicles, plant, or spoil) or where the\nexcavation may influence the stability of any nearby structure. \n \nWhile this guidance has not been updated to reflect current work health and\nsafety legislation (the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and regulations),\nit may still contain relevant information and practices to keep workers and\nothers healthy and safe.\n\nPlease read this guidance in conjunction with all relevant industry standards\nthat apply to you as a PCBU. This guidance will be progressively reviewed and\neither updated, replaced with other guidance, or revoked.\n\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on LinkedIn Share by Email\n\nSubscribe\n\nLast updated 5 September 2017 at 10:01\n\n# Search\n\n## Popular questions\n\n * Where can I find WorkSafe's guidance and advice about COVID-19?\n * How to I manage supply issues for personal protective equipment (PPE)?\n * What are some of the health and safety risks associated with my industry?\n * Do I need an asbestos management plan?\n * What do you need to think about when managing your workplace hazardous substances?\n * How do I report an unsafe or unhealthy work situation?\n * How can I prevent bullying?\n\n## About Us\n\n * About us\n * Careers\n * About this site\n * Privacy\n * Disclaimer\n * Copyright\n\n## Services\n\n * Notify WorkSafe\n * Raise a health or safety concern\n * Electricity or gas event notification\n\n## Updates\n\n * Subscribe to WorkSafe\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Contact us\n * News and media\n\n© Copyright 2021 WorkSafe\n\nNZBN: 9429041926437\n\nVisit WorkSafe on facebook Visit WorkSafe on twitter Visit WorkSafe on\nlinkedin Visit WorkSafe on instagram Visit WorkSafe on youtube\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.familyhandyman.com/sheds/diy-storage-shed-building-tips/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200601053806/https://www.familyhandyman.com/sheds/diy-storage-shed-building-tips/","parsed_text":{"title":"DIY Shed Building Tips — The Family Handyman","passages":["In most cases when learning how to build a shed foundation, the shed doesn't have to rest on deep footings. A pair of trenches filled with gravel and topped with treated 6x6s is adequate in areas with well-drained soil. Level and square the 6x6s and you're ready to build and attach the joist system.","If your shed site slopes, pouring concrete is a bigger job because you have to build strong forms and pour extra concrete on the downhill side. A simpler method is to build your shed floor like a deck, with footings, posts and a wood frame covered by plywood. If you don't like the opening under the shed, build a skirt to cover the space between the shed floor and the ground. Since locating buried utilities is free, it doesn't make any sense to skip this step. You can avoid an expensive mistake when building a shed, or worse yet, a tragedy, by going online to call811.com for more information and then calling 811 a few days before you plan to dig to have your buried utilities located.","For a shed floor that's strong, long-lasting and low to the ground, it's hard to beat concrete. Surprisingly, if you pour the slab yourself, the price is comparable to that of a wood platform. Read more about pouring your own concrete shed floor when building a shed.","Don't be tempted to get sloppy when you square up the floor and walls of your shed. An out-of-square start will haunt you through the rest of the project, from doors and windows to trim and roofing. For a concrete slab, measure diagonally across the opposite corners of the form boards. Then adjust the forms until the diagonal measurements are equal. Do the same for a wood platform floor. If you're installing sheet siding on the walls, before you stand them up, measure diagonally and square up the wall before you nail on the siding.","Whether you build your own trusses or order them from the lumberyard, building a roof with trusses is much easier than framing a roof one rafter at a time. As a general rule when learning how to build a shed roof, you'll need one truss every 2 ft. If you build your own, the cost will be about half this amount. Connect the framing for site-built trusses with plywood gussets glued and screwed to the joints.","It's not always possible, but if you're using 4 x 8-ft. sheet siding and have enough helpers around to lift the wall when you're done, you can save time by siding the walls before you raise them. Make sure to straighten the wall plates and square the wall by measuring diagonally before you nail on the siding. This is easier to do on a wood shed floor because you can tack the plates to the floor to hold the wall straight and square while you install the siding.","A good carpenter is constantly working to keep all the framing straight. And all it takes is a string. Starting at the floor, you can stretch a string along the concrete forms or rim joist and make adjustments to straighten any deviations. Then do the same thing at the top of the walls, and finally when you set the roof trusses or ridge. The trick for learning how to build a storage shed is to stretch the line across a scrap of wood at each end so there's a space between the line and the part you're straightening. On a wall, for example, tack small scraps of 1/2-in. plywood at each end of the top plate and stretch a line very tightly over the plywood. Then use a third scrap as a gauge to check the distance between the line and the lumber. Use braces or whatever is needed to adjust the top plate until the gauge just fits. Now your top plate will be perfectly straight.","In a perfect world, all of the studs would be straight, but since they aren't, make sure to pick the best ones to use at corners and at door and window openings. Sight down the length of the studs and set aside the ones that are perfectly straight. While you're at it, also set aside studs that are really crooked. You can cut these up to use as cripples or blocking. You may find other uses for short pieces later on.","Whether grooved or plain, installing 4 x 8-ft. sheets of siding is a fast and economical way to cover shed walls. But the result can look pretty plain. Adding wide corner boards, wide window and door casing, and maybe a horizontal band at the base and top can turn a utilitarian-looking shed into a masterpiece.","If you're building your own roof trusses, the handiest place to assemble them is right on the shed floor. But you have to do it before you build the walls. The best method is to snap chalk lines on the shed floor to outline the truss parts. Then use the chalk lines as a guide for cutting the truss patterns and assembling the trusses.","Consider adding overhangs to the ends of your shed. They're more work and require some extra material, but overhangs provide some protection from rain and snow, which translates to less painting and maintenance. Plus, overhangs just look better, and they give you a place to add decorative brackets.","Frame-and-panel doors are expensive, especially if you want a unique style. But you can get the same look for a fraction of the cost by simply laminating two layers of inexpensive 3/4-in.-thick boards together.","For strength, plan to build the front and back layers so the corners overlap each other. Then, to accommodate inset panels, make the front pieces a little wider to create a lip for the panels to rest against. Use plywood or tongue- and-groove boards for the panels, and hold them in with stops nailed on the back. You can assemble the two frames with pocket screws before gluing and screwing them together, but it's not necessary. After the glue dries, plane or sand the edges to hide the fact that there are two layers.","Utilitarian barn sash windows are perfect for sheds. Basically you order the sash—the movable part with glass—and build a simple frame to hold it. Add a few hinges and hold-open hardware and you've got an inexpensive, nice-looking window. If you want a screen, you'll have to build a separate frame and staple screening to it.","You can cut steel roofing panels with a circular saw and a carbide blade, but it'll save you a lot of work if you order the panels the right length to start with. Plus, you'll have a greater color selection if you order the roofing rather than buy off-the-shelf panels. Remember to order in advance, though, since it usually takes several weeks for the roofing to arrive. And make sure the overhangs are the right size so the panels will overhang the fascia slightly.","If you plan to paint your shed, natural wood siding isn't necessary. You can buy sheets of OSB (oriented strand board) siding at a fraction of the cost of real plywood, and it'll probably last longer too. LP SmartSide panel is one brand. You can buy plain, grooved or stucco-like panels in several thicknesses and sizes. Ask at your local lumberyard to see what's available.","If you buy heavy galvanized hardware designed for farm buildings for your shed, it's overkill. Buy heavy-duty closet door hardware instead. It's not really meant for outdoor use, but when it's protected by an overhang, it holds up well. And if the roller bearings get corroded, it's simple to replace the entire hanger mechanism. Check out Johnson Hardware's 111 track and 1025 ball- bearing hangers.","Working from ladders is more dangerous than working from scaffolding. Plus, having to constantly move ladders around is time consuming. When you get to the roof construction, consider renting a set of scaffolding with wheels. You'll be amazed at how much easier it is to have a stable platform to work from and to set your tools and materials on. You can rent a 5-ft.-tall section of scaffold with three planks and wheels for about $110 per week.","Nothing dresses up a shed like brackets. They're the ultimate low-effort, high-impact feature. In some cases they also provide extra support for your gable-end overhang. Depending on the design, you can build brackets from 4x4s or by laminating 2-by boards. Make a full-scale drawing to work out the details. Then build the brackets and attach them to the shed. Install the brackets tight to the underside of the overhang, and then notch the fascia board to fit over them.","For painted trim, avoid real wood. There are other materials that hold paint better and won't rot. Here are a couple of products to consider:","PVC (Azek is one brand). You can paint it or leave it unpainted, but don't use dark colors. It can be shaped with a router like wood.","Fiber cement (James Hardie is one brand). This is less expensive than PVC, but you must take some precautions to protect it from moisture.","We are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide site experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security practices."]},"parsed_md":"DIY Shed Building Tips — The Family Handyman\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext\n\nSkip to main content\n\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\n\n#### Newsletter Sign Up\n\nHome Sheds\n\n# DIY Shed Building Tips\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n## Must-read pro advice on everything from floors to roofs, windows and\ndoors—plus, how to save time and money on your shed.\n\n1 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Easy Shed Foundation\n\nIn most cases when learning how to build a shed foundation, the shed doesn't\nhave to rest on deep footings. A pair of trenches filled with gravel and\ntopped with treated 6x6s is adequate in areas with well-drained soil. Level\nand square the 6x6s and you're ready to build and attach the joist system.\n\n2 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### For Sloped Sites, Build on Posts\n\nIf your shed site slopes, pouring concrete is a bigger job because you have to\nbuild strong forms and pour extra concrete on the downhill side. A simpler\nmethod is to build your shed floor like a deck, with footings, posts and a\nwood frame covered by plywood. If you don't like the opening under the shed,\nbuild a skirt to cover the space between the shed floor and the ground. Since\nlocating buried utilities is free, it doesn't make any sense to skip this\nstep. You can avoid an expensive mistake when building a shed, or worse yet, a\ntragedy, by going online to call811.com for more information and then calling\n811 a few days before you plan to dig to have your buried utilities located.\n\n3 / 19\n\n#### Best Shed Floor is a Concrete Slab\n\nFor a shed floor that's strong, long-lasting and low to the ground, it's hard\nto beat concrete. Surprisingly, if you pour the slab yourself, the price is\ncomparable to that of a wood platform. Read more about pouring your own\nconcrete shed floor when building a shed.\n\n4 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Be Precise With Shed Floor & Walls\n\nDon't be tempted to get sloppy when you square up the floor and walls of your\nshed. An out-of-square start will haunt you through the rest of the project,\nfrom doors and windows to trim and roofing. For a concrete slab, measure\ndiagonally across the opposite corners of the form boards. Then adjust the\nforms until the diagonal measurements are equal. Do the same for a wood\nplatform floor. If you're installing sheet siding on the walls, before you\nstand them up, measure diagonally and square up the wall before you nail on\nthe siding.\n\n5 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Build Shed Roof Trusses\n\nWhether you build your own trusses or order them from the lumberyard, building\na roof with trusses is much easier than framing a roof one rafter at a time.\nAs a general rule when learning how to build a shed roof, you'll need one\ntruss every 2 ft. If you build your own, the cost will be about half this\namount. Connect the framing for site-built trusses with plywood gussets glued\nand screwed to the joints.\n\n6 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Install Siding, Then Raise Shed Walls\n\nIt's not always possible, but if you're using 4 x 8-ft. sheet siding and have\nenough helpers around to lift the wall when you're done, you can save time by\nsiding the walls before you raise them. Make sure to straighten the wall\nplates and square the wall by measuring diagonally before you nail on the\nsiding. This is easier to do on a wood shed floor because you can tack the\nplates to the floor to hold the wall straight and square while you install the\nsiding.\n\n7 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Keep Shed Framing Straight\n\nA good carpenter is constantly working to keep all the framing straight. And\nall it takes is a string. Starting at the floor, you can stretch a string\nalong the concrete forms or rim joist and make adjustments to straighten any\ndeviations. Then do the same thing at the top of the walls, and finally when\nyou set the roof trusses or ridge. The trick for learning how to build a\nstorage shed is to stretch the line across a scrap of wood at each end so\nthere's a space between the line and the part you're straightening. On a wall,\nfor example, tack small scraps of 1/2-in. plywood at each end of the top plate\nand stretch a line very tightly over the plywood. Then use a third scrap as a\ngauge to check the distance between the line and the lumber. Use braces or\nwhatever is needed to adjust the top plate until the gauge just fits. Now your\ntop plate will be perfectly straight.\n\n8 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Choose Straight Studs\n\nIn a perfect world, all of the studs would be straight, but since they aren't,\nmake sure to pick the best ones to use at corners and at door and window\nopenings. Sight down the length of the studs and set aside the ones that are\nperfectly straight. While you're at it, also set aside studs that are really\ncrooked. You can cut these up to use as cripples or blocking. You may find\nother uses for short pieces later on.\n\n9 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Dress Up a Plain Shed With Trim\n\nWhether grooved or plain, installing 4 x 8-ft. sheets of siding is a fast and\neconomical way to cover shed walls. But the result can look pretty plain.\nAdding wide corner boards, wide window and door casing, and maybe a horizontal\nband at the base and top can turn a utilitarian-looking shed into a\nmasterpiece.\n\n10 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### How to Build Trusses for a Shed: Build Trusses On the Shed Floor\n\nIf you're building your own roof trusses, the handiest place to assemble them\nis right on the shed floor. But you have to do it before you build the walls.\nThe best method is to snap chalk lines on the shed floor to outline the truss\nparts. Then use the chalk lines as a guide for cutting the truss patterns and\nassembling the trusses.\n\n11 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Add Overhangs to Protect Shed Siding\n\nConsider adding overhangs to the ends of your shed. They're more work and\nrequire some extra material, but overhangs provide some protection from rain\nand snow, which translates to less painting and maintenance. Plus, overhangs\njust look better, and they give you a place to add decorative brackets.\n\n12 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Build Economical 'Sandwich' Doors\n\nFrame-and-panel doors are expensive, especially if you want a unique style.\nBut you can get the same look for a fraction of the cost by simply laminating\ntwo layers of inexpensive 3/4-in.-thick boards together.\n\nFor strength, plan to build the front and back layers so the corners overlap\neach other. Then, to accommodate inset panels, make the front pieces a little\nwider to create a lip for the panels to rest against. Use plywood or tongue-\nand-groove boards for the panels, and hold them in with stops nailed on the\nback. You can assemble the two frames with pocket screws before gluing and\nscrewing them together, but it's not necessary. After the glue dries, plane or\nsand the edges to hide the fact that there are two layers.\n\n13 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Save Money With Barn Sash Windows\n\nUtilitarian barn sash windows are perfect for sheds. Basically you order the\nsash—the movable part with glass—and build a simple frame to hold it. Add a\nfew hinges and hold-open hardware and you've got an inexpensive, nice-looking\nwindow. If you want a screen, you'll have to build a separate frame and staple\nscreening to it.\n\n14 / 19\n\n#### Order Cut-to-Length Steel Roof Panels\n\nYou can cut steel roofing panels with a circular saw and a carbide blade, but\nit'll save you a lot of work if you order the panels the right length to start\nwith. Plus, you'll have a greater color selection if you order the roofing\nrather than buy off-the-shelf panels. Remember to order in advance, though,\nsince it usually takes several weeks for the roofing to arrive. And make sure\nthe overhangs are the right size so the panels will overhang the fascia\nslightly.\n\n15 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Save Money on Shed Siding\n\nIf you plan to paint your shed, natural wood siding isn't necessary. You can\nbuy sheets of OSB (oriented strand board) siding at a fraction of the cost of\nreal plywood, and it'll probably last longer too. LP SmartSide panel is one\nbrand. You can buy plain, grooved or stucco-like panels in several thicknesses\nand sizes. Ask at your local lumberyard to see what's available.\n\n16 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Closet Door Hardware for Sliding Shed Doors\n\nIf you buy heavy galvanized hardware designed for farm buildings for your\nshed, it's overkill. Buy heavy-duty closet door hardware instead. It's not\nreally meant for outdoor use, but when it's protected by an overhang, it holds\nup well. And if the roller bearings get corroded, it's simple to replace the\nentire hanger mechanism. Check out Johnson Hardware's 111 track and 1025 ball-\nbearing hangers.\n\n17 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Rent Scaffolding for Shed Roof Construction\n\nWorking from ladders is more dangerous than working from scaffolding. Plus,\nhaving to constantly move ladders around is time consuming. When you get to\nthe roof construction, consider renting a set of scaffolding with wheels.\nYou'll be amazed at how much easier it is to have a stable platform to work\nfrom and to set your tools and materials on. You can rent a 5-ft.-tall section\nof scaffold with three planks and wheels for about $110 per week.\n\n18 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Add Brackets for a Custom Touch\n\nNothing dresses up a shed like brackets. They're the ultimate low-effort,\nhigh-impact feature. In some cases they also provide extra support for your\ngable-end overhang. Depending on the design, you can build brackets from 4x4s\nor by laminating 2-by boards. Make a full-scale drawing to work out the\ndetails. Then build the brackets and attach them to the shed. Install the\nbrackets tight to the underside of the overhang, and then notch the fascia\nboard to fit over them.\n\n19 / 19\n\n#### Avoid Painted Wood Trim\n\nFor painted trim, avoid real wood. There are other materials that hold paint\nbetter and won't rot. Here are a couple of products to consider:\n\n * PVC (Azek is one brand). You can paint it or leave it unpainted, but don't use dark colors. It can be shaped with a router like wood.\n * Fiber cement (James Hardie is one brand). This is less expensive than PVC, but you must take some precautions to protect it from moisture.\n * Engineered wood-fiber trim (MiraTEC is one brand).\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nDo it right, do it yourself!\n\nWe are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide\nsite experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security\npractices.\n\nWe recommend our users to update the browser\n\n * Google Chrome\n * Apple Safari\n * Mozilla Firefox\n * Microsoft Edge\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * See All Appliance Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * See All Automotive\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * See All Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * See All Cleaning\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * See All Electrical\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * See All Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * See All Woodworking\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * See all Landscaping\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Storage & Organization\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Project Plans\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127232816/https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/","parsed_text":{"title":"Digging the Perfect Post-Hole","passages":["A post-hole is more than just a hole in the earth. It is a shaft cut straight down into the ground to particular size in a particular place, despite all the root and rock obstacles between your shovel point and the bottom. It is also a heck of a lot of work, so I want to do it right the first time whenever possible.","“Right?” You might ask. “Dude, it’s a hole. Taking yourself a little too seriously? Grab your post-hole digger and get to it.”","This reply might fly, say for a mailbox post (but even those must comply with mailbox placement regulations—see Side Note 1).","However, for a deck, fence or pergola, post holes need to be right or something goes seriously wrong with carpentry layout, profitability and/or inspection. If they’re not the right shape and correct depth, they won’t fly.","I’ve dug (and re-dug) hundreds of post holes, both alone and with other people, who swear they know how to do it. The key to digging post holes correctly is to understand what you’re digging and to throw away old assumptions about the tools everyone has in their shed or garage.","It’s best to think about post holes as shafts. They descend straight (plumb) down from where you start digging them. The sides of the shaft are straight and the bottom of the hole is flat (or at least flat-ish). In other words, if your hole looks like a cup or a bowl, well, it’s not a post-hole.","This concept is pretty easy to get your head around. In reality, however, it is more difficult to execute because it requires us to use the most basic tools we own (shovels, digging bars, etc.) that we’ve all used a zillion times for shoveling projects—mulch/snow, leveling the yard, turning over the garden—in a different way. Digging a proper posthole is all about getting started in the right place and going the right direction. And that is harder than it sounds.","Different people lay out post-hole locations differently, usually by running strings or pulling lay-out from an existing structure. However you get there, the first thing to do is mark the whole hole.","Center. The first thing I mark is the center of the hole. I then take a screw or nail, shove it through a hunk of caution tape or red duct tape, and plug it into the ground. Next, I grab a can of spray paint and paint a 24-in. “X” across the center of the hole. (I learned this trick in Joplin, Missouri, building the Boomtown playground with the crew of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition.) This cross mark helps keep me on target. The first step is to dig out the screw marking the hole’s center.","Like many projects, starting on the right foot is an indicator of things to come. For post holes, I like to slice the earth at the top of the hole in a square, and there’s hardly a better tool for that than a garden spade. You can measure your hole width (decks with 6-by-6 posts or 12-in. builder’s tube usually require a hole that is 16-by-16-in. square or diameter or larger).","The other critical job the spade does is help get the sides of the hole going down straight from the get-go—which is the first hardest part of the job and the thing that’ll chase you right down to the bottom of the hole. Lean the handle away from you to get the blade plumb, and then jump on the bad boy like you mean it to sink the blade below the sod.","I like the spade to get started, but after getting under the sod, I need to scoop out the loose dirt that’s in the hole, and for that I switch to the long-handled shovel.","With the turf removed, a long-handled shovel does a good job of removing the dirt. Dig with the blade plumb and the handle pushed forward to keep the walls of the hole straight up and down.","To cut the earth straight off the sides of the shaft, you have to lean the shovel handle outward in a way that might seem uncomfortably far away from your body. However, you know that when you’re reaching for the handle, the blade of the shovel is cutting straight down. It is usually around this point in the hole where things go wrong with a rookie because they try to scoop instead of cut. Once you’ve sheared off the sides of the hole into the bottom, then you scoop out the loose fill.","That’s pretty much the mojo, although root, rock, clay and other obstructions will conspire to nudge you off course. Nudge them back.","Digging the hole involves more cutting than scooping. After cutting the straight walls of the hole, scoop out the loose fill from the bottom.","Digging a shaft is harder than most people think, and it takes almost nothing to get off track. It’s kind of like swimming in a straight line under water—there’s nothing to gauge your progress against. A root or rocks can knock even a skid-steer powered auger off line. To help keep the shaft plunging straight down, I employ a whole battery of tools.","Digging Bar. My primary go-to for layers of rock-hard clay, smallish rocks and roots is my digging bar. It can pierce and puncture clay layers. I slam it down the edges of the shaft, then I use it to chew up the center of the hole. I then return it to the edge of the hole and pry against the rim until I’m through the clay. Rinse and repeat. And, unless you’ve got calluses on your calluses, wear gloves; this steel likes skin.","There’s also nothing more brutal on small roots than the digging bar blade. Kind of like a shear, I plunge the bar down into them. Sometimes I start at the edge of the root to get it cut, then take subsequent blows to get it out.","The bar can also pry rocks out from the edge of the shaft. And, if there is an old footing down there, such as the edge of a sidewalk or rock that’ll fracture, you can use the digging bar to delete those obstacles with lead-pipe brutality.","However, when pounding down into the hole, make sure to try and keep the rim intact. No matter what happens inside the hole, this is the control point.","Recip Saw. Some roots are simply too big for a digging bar to cut through—and too deep for a mattock (awesome root cutter) or axe—to get at. For those, I clear as much dirt from around them as I can and cut them out using my recip saw. Expect dirt to blow up in your face from the saw’s exhaust, and for typical demo blades to gum up because the wood is so green. Skil’s Ugly blade, with its massive gullets and super sharp teeth, really evens the odds.","Jackhammer or Rotary Hammer. I’ve encountered dirt so hard that there is simply no other way through it than to go hardcore muscle. For those instances, an electric jackhammer can save the day. I’ve also found my way through uber soil using my rotary hammer and a “spade” type bit. It breaks the soil up just like a jackhammer will, but with less power and more maneuverability. You can rent either tool easily.","To meet structural requirements for inspections, whether you’re building a deck or dropping piers for an addition, the inspector not only wants to see the bottom of the hole, but that the bottom is far enough away from the top. An easy way to get a measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight like your shovel or hunk of 2-by so you can sink your tape and get a decent reading.","Once the hole is deep enough and relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down with my feet. Every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work.","An easy way to get a depth measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight, like your shovel, so you can sink your tape and get a decent reading.","The Bottom. Getting every fleck of dirt out of the hole isn’t really possible, so once I’m deep enough and have made the bottom relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down with my feet. Trust me when I tell you that a hole bottom that is flat and free of debris makes positioning a post or tube significantly easier. And every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work. Once they start seeing sloppy stuff, they’re extra vigilant. In other words, if you can’t get the hole right, what else is a mess?","In a landscaped yard dirt can co-mingle with the grass and be a mess to clean up, especially on extended projects and/or if it rains. A sheet of plywood is a great bond-break between grass and dirt congealing around it. Sheet plastic works too, as long as you’re re-filling in 24 hours or so. And, on longer projects, it makes sense to cover the dirt pile with plastic to keep it dry so it is easier to work when refilling.","You will have more dirt left over after the fact. The post, tube, concrete etc., all take up space—plus the dirt is entrained with air. There are a number of techniques to refill the hole, all of which work with varying degrees of success.","You can tamp down the dirt as you refill it (with a tamper, the back of a digging bar or the head of a sledgehammer), but you have to be careful not to move the post as you pack dirt around it. You can also overfill the hole, which will then sink down as water and gravity take effect. The top of the hole may stay proud of the ground or sink below, so this one can be tricky.","According to the Us Postal service, your local postmaster must approve the location of your mailbox. This typically means that a roadside mailbox must be located where a carrier can reach inside without leaving the truck. That means positioning it about 41 to 45 in. off the ground and back about 6 to 8 in. from the curb.","My main post-hole tools are a spade, long-handled shovel, a digging bar and a tape measure and/or level (for layout and depth measurement). You might notice there is no post-hole digger. Not only are they brutal to use (I have rarely been as sore after a day behind a post-hole digger), but they either don’t cut a big enough hole, won’t cut through tough soil, or they don’t scoop out as much dirt as I can get with my shovel. I’m not saying they don’t work, but when you’re staring down a dozen 40-in. deep holes for a fence, any move you can save is a good move.","Fontanot Arke` Stairs introduces the SKY030 spiral staircase. The SKY030 is manufactured in varnished steel with a particular treatment (Sendzimir process) that consists of a hot-dipped galvanization and subsequent powder coated varnish. This process insures weather resistance and durability. The final result is a staircase that is highly resistant to atmospheric elements. It can support temperatures ranging from -4°F to [...]","Milwaukee Tool unveils the next generation of legendary performance and durability with their newest M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw. Designed for the toughest applications on the jobsite, this is the fastest cutting reciprocating saw in its class and the most durable SAWZALL® reciprocating saw yet. Also available is a version with One-KeyTM which allows users to customize performance for unrivaled [...]"]},"parsed_md":"Digging the Perfect Post-Hole - Extreme How To\n\n### Explore:\n\n * Latest Products\n * Extreme How-To Blog\n * Tool Reviews\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n\n# Digging the Perfect Post-Hole\n\nGardening, Landscaping, Outdoors August 6, 2012 Sonia\n\nBy Mark Clement\n\n## The Hole truth: Tips for digging the perfect Post-Hole\n\nA post-hole is more than just a hole in the earth. It is a shaft cut straight\ndown into the ground to particular size in a particular place, despite all the\nroot and rock obstacles between your shovel point and the bottom. It is also a\nheck of a lot of work, so I want to do it right the first time whenever\npossible.\n\n“Right?” You might ask. “Dude, it’s a hole. Taking yourself a little too\nseriously? Grab your post-hole digger and get to it.”\n\nThis reply might fly, say for a mailbox post (but even those must comply with\nmailbox placement regulations—see Side Note 1).\n\nHowever, for a deck, fence or pergola, post holes need to be right or\nsomething goes seriously wrong with carpentry layout, profitability and/or\ninspection. If they’re not the right shape and correct depth, they won’t fly.\n\nI’ve dug (and re-dug) hundreds of post holes, both alone and with other\npeople, who swear they know how to do it. The key to digging post holes\ncorrectly is to understand what you’re digging and to throw away old\nassumptions about the tools everyone has in their shed or garage.\n\nWhat it is\n\nIt’s best to think about post holes as shafts. They descend straight (plumb)\ndown from where you start digging them. The sides of the shaft are straight\nand the bottom of the hole is flat (or at least flat-ish). In other words, if\nyour hole looks like a cup or a bowl, well, it’s not a post-hole.\n\nThis concept is pretty easy to get your head around. In reality, however, it\nis more difficult to execute because it requires us to use the most basic\ntools we own (shovels, digging bars, etc.) that we’ve all used a zillion times\nfor shoveling projects—mulch/snow, leveling the yard, turning over the\ngarden—in a different way. Digging a proper posthole is all about getting\nstarted in the right place and going the right direction. And that is harder\nthan it sounds.\n\nCheck local building codes for post-hole size requirements. Deck posts often\nrequire a 16” square hole.\n\nGetting Started\n\nDifferent people lay out post-hole locations differently, usually by running\nstrings or pulling lay-out from an existing structure. However you get there,\nthe first thing to do is mark the whole hole.\n\nCenter. The first thing I mark is the center of the hole. I then take a screw\nor nail, shove it through a hunk of caution tape or red duct tape, and plug it\ninto the ground. Next, I grab a can of spray paint and paint a 24-in. “X”\nacross the center of the hole. (I learned this trick in Joplin, Missouri,\nbuilding the Boomtown playground with the crew of Extreme Makeover: Home\nEdition.) This cross mark helps keep me on target. The first step is to dig\nout the screw marking the hole’s center.\n\nGet the Shape, Cut the Sod\n\nLike many projects, starting on the right foot is an indicator of things to\ncome. For post holes, I like to slice the earth at the top of the hole in a\nsquare, and there’s hardly a better tool for that than a garden spade. You can\nmeasure your hole width (decks with 6-by-6 posts or 12-in. builder’s tube\nusually require a hole that is 16-by-16-in. square or diameter or larger).\n\nKeep the blade plumb and jump straight down on the spade to cut the walls of\nthe shaft-shaped hole.\n\nStart digging with a garden spade to cut through the turf.\n\nThe other critical job the spade does is help get the sides of the hole going\ndown straight from the get-go—which is the first hardest part of the job and\nthe thing that’ll chase you right down to the bottom of the hole. Lean the\nhandle away from you to get the blade plumb, and then jump on the bad boy like\nyou mean it to sink the blade below the sod.\n\nEarthwork\n\nI like the spade to get started, but after getting under the sod, I need to\nscoop out the loose dirt that’s in the hole, and for that I switch to the\nlong-handled shovel.\n\nWith the turf removed, a long-handled shovel does a good job of removing the\ndirt. Dig with the blade plumb and the handle pushed forward to keep the walls\nof the hole straight up and down.\n\nStore the excavated dirt on plastic or plywood to keep the surrounding lawn\nand landscape clean.\n\nTo cut the earth straight off the sides of the shaft, you have to lean the\nshovel handle outward in a way that might seem uncomfortably far away from\nyour body. However, you know that when you’re reaching for the handle, the\nblade of the shovel is cutting straight down. It is usually around this point\nin the hole where things go wrong with a rookie because they try to scoop\ninstead of cut. Once you’ve sheared off the sides of the hole into the bottom,\nthen you scoop out the loose fill.\n\nThat’s pretty much the mojo, although root, rock, clay and other obstructions\nwill conspire to nudge you off course. Nudge them back.\n\nDigging the hole involves more cutting than scooping. After cutting the\nstraight walls of the hole, scoop out the loose fill from the bottom.\n\nObstacles\n\nDigging a shaft is harder than most people think, and it takes almost nothing\nto get off track. It’s kind of like swimming in a straight line under\nwater—there’s nothing to gauge your progress against. A root or rocks can\nknock even a skid-steer powered auger off line. To help keep the shaft\nplunging straight down, I employ a whole battery of tools.\n\nDigging Bar. My primary go-to for layers of rock-hard clay, smallish rocks and\nroots is my digging bar. It can pierce and puncture clay layers. I slam it\ndown the edges of the shaft, then I use it to chew up the center of the hole.\nI then return it to the edge of the hole and pry against the rim until I’m\nthrough the clay. Rinse and repeat. And, unless you’ve got calluses on your\ncalluses, wear gloves; this steel likes skin.\n\nThere’s also nothing more brutal on small roots than the digging bar blade.\nKind of like a shear, I plunge the bar down into them. Sometimes I start at\nthe edge of the root to get it cut, then take subsequent blows to get it out.\n\nThe bar can also pry rocks out from the edge of the shaft. And, if there is an\nold footing down there, such as the edge of a sidewalk or rock that’ll\nfracture, you can use the digging bar to delete those obstacles with lead-pipe\nbrutality.\n\nHowever, when pounding down into the hole, make sure to try and keep the rim\nintact. No matter what happens inside the hole, this is the control point.\n\nRecip Saw. Some roots are simply too big for a digging bar to cut through—and\ntoo deep for a mattock (awesome root cutter) or axe—to get at. For those, I\nclear as much dirt from around them as I can and cut them out using my recip\nsaw. Expect dirt to blow up in your face from the saw’s exhaust, and for\ntypical demo blades to gum up because the wood is so green. Skil’s Ugly blade,\nwith its massive gullets and super sharp teeth, really evens the odds.\n\nJackhammer or Rotary Hammer. I’ve encountered dirt so hard that there is\nsimply no other way through it than to go hardcore muscle. For those\ninstances, an electric jackhammer can save the day. I’ve also found my way\nthrough uber soil using my rotary hammer and a “spade” type bit. It breaks the\nsoil up just like a jackhammer will, but with less power and more\nmaneuverability. You can rent either tool easily.\n\nDepth\n\nTo meet structural requirements for inspections, whether you’re building a\ndeck or dropping piers for an addition, the inspector not only wants to see\nthe bottom of the hole, but that the bottom is far enough away from the top.\nAn easy way to get a measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight\nlike your shovel or hunk of 2-by so you can sink your tape and get a decent\nreading.\n\nOnce the hole is deep enough and relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down\nwith my feet. Every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work.\n\nAn easy way to get a depth measurement is to bridge the hole with something\nstraight, like your shovel, so you can sink your tape and get a decent\nreading.\n\nThe Bottom. Getting every fleck of dirt out of the hole isn’t really possible,\nso once I’m deep enough and have made the bottom relatively flat, I jump in\nand tamp it down with my feet. Trust me when I tell you that a hole bottom\nthat is flat and free of debris makes positioning a post or tube significantly\neasier. And every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work. Once they\nstart seeing sloppy stuff, they’re extra vigilant. In other words, if you\ncan’t get the hole right, what else is a mess?\n\nExtra Dirt and The Refill\n\nIn a landscaped yard dirt can co-mingle with the grass and be a mess to clean\nup, especially on extended projects and/or if it rains. A sheet of plywood is\na great bond-break between grass and dirt congealing around it. Sheet plastic\nworks too, as long as you’re re-filling in 24 hours or so. And, on longer\nprojects, it makes sense to cover the dirt pile with plastic to keep it dry so\nit is easier to work when refilling.\n\nYou will have more dirt left over after the fact. The post, tube, concrete\netc., all take up space—plus the dirt is entrained with air. There are a\nnumber of techniques to refill the hole, all of which work with varying\ndegrees of success.\n\nYou can tamp down the dirt as you refill it (with a tamper, the back of a\ndigging bar or the head of a sledgehammer), but you have to be careful not to\nmove the post as you pack dirt around it. You can also overfill the hole,\nwhich will then sink down as water and gravity take effect. The top of the\nhole may stay proud of the ground or sink below, so this one can be tricky.\n\nThe bottom line is that in order to build up, you have to dig in and dig down\nfirst.\n\nSIDE NOTE 1\n\nMailbox Guidelines\n\nAccording to the Us Postal service, your local postmaster must approve the\nlocation of your mailbox. This typically means that a roadside mailbox must be\nlocated where a carrier can reach inside without leaving the truck. That means\npositioning it about 41 to 45 in. off the ground and back about 6 to 8 in.\nfrom the curb.\n\nSIDE NOTE 2\n\nPost-Hole Tools\n\nMy main post-hole tools are a spade, long-handled shovel, a digging bar and a\ntape measure and/or level (for layout and depth measurement). You might notice\nthere is no post-hole digger. Not only are they brutal to use (I have rarely\nbeen as sore after a day behind a post-hole digger), but they either don’t cut\na big enough hole, won’t cut through tough soil, or they don’t scoop out as\nmuch dirt as I can get with my shovel. I’m not saying they don’t work, but\nwhen you’re staring down a dozen 40-in. deep holes for a fence, any move you\ncan save is a good move.\n\n## Recommended Articles\n\n## Free Newsletter Signup\n\nEnter e-mail address to subscribe and get latest updates and info.\n\n## EHT Spotlight\n\n### Fontanot Arke` Sky030 Spiral Staircase\n\nFontanot Arke` Stairs introduces the SKY030 spiral staircase. The SKY030 is\nmanufactured in varnished steel with a particular treatment (Sendzimir\nprocess) that consists of a hot-dipped galvanization and subsequent powder\ncoated varnish. This process insures weather resistance and durability. The\nfinal result is a staircase that is highly resistant to atmospheric elements.\nIt can support temperatures ranging from -4°F to [...]\n\n## Hot Product\n\n### Milwaukee® M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw\n\nMilwaukee Tool unveils the next generation of legendary performance and\ndurability with their newest M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw. Designed\nfor the toughest applications on the jobsite, this is the fastest cutting\nreciprocating saw in its class and the most durable SAWZALL® reciprocating saw\nyet. Also available is a version with One-KeyTM which allows users to\ncustomize performance for unrivaled [...]\n\n#### Top 12 Articles\n\n * 2020 Holiday Gift Guide\n * Step-by-Step Outdoor Spiral Staircase Construction\n * DIY Deck Building – Step by Step\n * Coating a Countertop\n * Protecting Outdoor Wood\n * Cabinet Building Basics for DIY’ers\n * How To Cut And Install Crown Molding And Trim\n * Roof Framing 101\n * How to Build Stairs—A DIY Guide\n * Understanding House Framing\n * Soffits Up Close\n * Remodel with Prefinished Stair Treads\n * Re-Laminate Your Countertops\n * Build a Shadowbox Privacy Fence\n * Install Plywood Underlayment for Vinyl Flooring\n * Build a Retaining Wall\n * Building a Drive-Thru Backyard Shed\n\n#### Categories\n\n * Automotive\n * Construction How-To\n * Basement\n * Cabinet\n * Countertops\n * Demolition\n * Doors\n * Energy Efficiency\n * Finish Carpentry\n * Flooring Installation\n * Framing\n * Furniture\n * Gutters\n\n * Lighting\n * Molding\n * Water Heaters\n * Porches and Gazebos\n * Railing\n * Roofing\n * Siding and Exterior\n * Stairs\n * Stone and Concrete\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Waterproofing\n * Decorating\n * DIY Questions and Answer\n * DIY Projects\n\n * Floors\n * Garages\n * Windows & Doors\n * Floors\n * Hardwood\n * Laminate and Engineered\n * Tile\n * Vinyl\n * Heating & Air Conditioning\n * Alternative Methods of Heating\n * Alternative Heating & Fireplace Inserts\n\n * Radiant Heat\n * Related Products\n * Wood burning\n * Outdoor Living\n * Decks\n * Fences\n * Gardening\n * Patios\n * Porches and Gazebos\n * Swimming Pool\n * Plumbing\n * PEX\n * Shower Pan\n * Water Heaters\n\n * Remodeling\n * Bath\n * Bedroom\n * Kitchen\n * Tools\n * Cutting Tools\n * Ladders\n * Outdoor power equipment\n * Painting\n * Power Tools\n * Windows & Doors\n * Woodworking\n * Videos\n * Tool Reviews\n * Directory\n\nCopyright 2020 Extreme How To. All Right Reserved.\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423090644/https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/","parsed_text":{"title":"11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)","passages":["Ever opened the garage door and can’t find anything, or fit the car in? The yard is cluttered with kids’ bikes and the snow shovels greet visitors at the door in the summer? Where to put it all?","You need a shed! Everyone has a shed! They lean this way or that way, the door sticks, or the floor rots out. Some are wood, others plastic or steel, do-it- yourself or prebuilt. Where to start?","The best place to start is the shed foundation. A proper base will support the type of shed you build or buy. What kind of foundation do you need? What are their pros and cons of each? What’s on-grade or permanent? Do you need a Building Permit? What will it all cost?","This article about most popular shed foundations will help answer these questions. It’ll help you decide on the best foundation for your shed.","Ever stood in your yard after it rains? Your feet get wet. The same thing happens to your shed. If it sits on the ground, it will get wet from the ground moisture. This will cause wood to rot and metal to rust. It will cause the contents of the shed to be damp.","Additionally, the ground isn’t flat. Uneven ground makes doors stick and affects the stability of your shed. A foundation lifts your shed off the ground. It provides a stable and level base so the doors open, and your shed lasts longer.","Before you begin any construction project, you should consult your local Building Inspector. If you don’t you could face fines and/or have to remove what you’ve built.","Some communities have restrictions on the size and style of outbuildings (sheds). The Inspector will know the limits and are often a fountain of information. They will inform you about any setbacks or easements to respect.","They should also be familiar with soil types in their local. If you need a Building Permit, they’ll let you know that too.","An On-Grade shed foundation is one that sits on the ground. It can be a skid, gravel, patio stone, block or post, or even plastic construction. In 20 years you could remove your shed.","Take the shed base out is as easy as putting it in, rake it over, plant grass seed, and it would disappear. A Permanent Foundation is just that, permanent.","It’s a concrete slab, excavated block or poured wall, or concrete pier. In 20 years it will still need a lot of work to remove. The pros and cons of each are below.","An easy shed foundation for the beginner and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds. A foundation of pavers sits on leveled exposed ground or a sand base. They provide a solid flat base upon which to build or set a shed and evenly support the floor.","The bigger the paver, the heavier it is, but the fewer you need. Pavers are great on flat ground for smaller sheds of wood, metal, or plastic construction with or without a floor. Using pavers places the entry close to, or on the ground so good for riding lawn mowers or quads.","Complexity: Easy Once the ground is level, pavers are easy to lay. If placed on the sand there’s an extra step leveling before putting the pavers. Sand does make it easier to level the pavers too.","Construction Cost: $100.00-$200.00 The cost of pavers depends on their size, color and shape. Some large pavers are available with steel mesh inside them but are more expensive. I prefer 24”x24” or 24”x30” (heavier but cover more). Adding a sand layer increases the cost too.","A relatively easy foundation for the beginner and a good base for any sized shed. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Concrete blocks are square or rectangular in shape.","Only use solid-concrete blocks. They sit on the ground and need to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions and ground slope dictate how many blocks you need.","The sloped ground may need stacked blocks to form a tower level with other block towers. Support the corners and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy equipment) and the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 blocks, more if you use towers for leveling.","Complexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the foundation blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the blocks with each other and squaring the corners. The level of difficulty increases for sloped ground.","Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The cost of solid-concrete blocks depends on their size and shape. The number required will depend on the dimensions of the shed and the slope of the ground. How high off the ground you want the shed to be is also a factor.","An excellent foundation for any size shed. It is also fairly easy for a novice DIYer. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Deck blocks are square based- pyramidal in shape.","They have channels in the top for wooden framing. They sit on the ground and need to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions determine the number of blocks you need.","Support each corner and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy equipment) and through the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 deck blocks – 3 per long side. Good for flat lot, not slopes.","Great for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages. Places the shed closer to the ground; so easy access for lawn mowers or quads.","Complexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the deck blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the deck blocks to each other and squaring the corners.","Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 Deck blocks and patio stones are similar in price. The number required is less though and depends on the dimensions of the shed.","A relatively easy foundation for any size shed and great for ready-made or home built sheds. The size makes this more difficult for the novice DIYer.","The gravel pad and timber frame foundation is good for the flat ground. Use pit-run or 1”-crusher run gravel. It has smaller particles in it and packs into a more stable base.","Compact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel level. The pad is on the ground and should be 2’ wider and longer than your shed.","Remove the sod and/or cover it with garden cloth, then spread out and tamp down the gravel. It should be 4”-6” thick and level. Shed dimensions dictate how large an area you need.","Use a half-lap joint where the timbers meet. Square the corners and level the lumber with each other. Drill the joints and hammer a length of rebar through into the ground.","Complexity: Relatively Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level gravel layer. Leveling the 4”x4’s to each other and squaring the corners are the difficult steps for this foundation.","Construction Cost: $200.00 – $400.00 The cost of gravel fluctuates with location. Rolls of garden cloth often go on sale. The amount of gravel and the number of 4”x4”s depends on the dimensions of the shed.","If you need to add a second layer of pressure treated lumber use galvanized spikes to join them to the layer below","A skid foundation is a quick and easy way to support a shed and easy for even the beginner to build. We’re not talking commercial delivery skids. It comprises of 2 or more pressure treated 4”x4”s, 6”x6”s, 8”x8”s or even logs laid parallel to support the length of the building.","The shed sits on and is evenly supported by, the skids. The skids, also called runners, usually sit directly on the ground. This means you want relatively flat terrain.","Historically, the skids meant the shed could be skidded to another location. It is a good idea to dig a trench where the skids will lay, then tamp in gravel ensuring the surface is level and drained.","This will help protect the wood and make leveling easier. The trench should be wider and longer than your skid. I helped move a 10’x30’ cabin built 90+ years ago on log skids. We used ropes and a half to truck; the 100 yard move was easier than expected.","Complexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level gravel layer. The difficult steps are leveling the skids themselves and to each other.","Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The amount of gravel (if used), plus the dimension and number of skids (determined by the shed size), affect the cost.","A newer type of foundation made from recycled material. It’s easy for the beginner to put together and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds.","It sits directly on the ground, so the flat ground is best. It is similar to concrete paver construction, but much lighter. The ground preparation is easy, ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.","Once the ground is level, roll out the garden cloth. Place the interlocking grid blocks, connect together, and level. The blocks can even be cut to size with a hand saw.","Once the base is level, fill the open grid with pea gravel. The base should be the same dimensions as your shed, but can be wider.","The grid holds the pea gravel in place and allows moisture to percolate through. The grid also helps keep the base of the shed drier than concrete pavers.","The plastic grid can be used for sheds with or without floors and provides even support for floors. Ideal for use with riding lawn mowers or other wheeled equipment as it sits on or close to ground level. Available here.","Complexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections a sand layer. The difficult steps are leveling the grids themselves and to each other.","Construction Cost: $150.00 – $300.00 The amount of pea gravel, garden cloth, and number of grids affect the cost of construction.","They can be used for the manufactured shed, or to support other small sheds of the same size. It’s easy for the beginner to put together.","It sits on the ground which means you need a flat area. The foundation pieces may also be lighter weight for moving around.","The ground preparation is easy too. Ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.","Prepare the ground. Place the foundation pieces (following the Manufacturer’s instructions), connect together, and level. The base should be the same dimensions as your shed.","Complexity: Easy Leveling the ground and manufactured foundation are the difficult steps for this foundation. Reading and interpreting the instructions can be difficult too.","Construction Cost: $50.00 – $100.00 The cost of the kit, garden cloth, plus any required materials, set the cost (see today's price here).","An excellent foundation for any shed size, but more difficult to build. Good for home built sheds and some prefab.","The holes should have 6”s of gravel in the bottom for drainage. There are plastic pier forms which can be set into an excavation dug to the frost line. They are then buried and filled with concrete (after being plumbed and leveled).","The most common though are cardboard tubes. They are placed into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place. Backfill the space around the tube, then fill with concrete.","All the tubes/forms need to be in aligned in their exact location on the string line. The piers need to line up with the framing they will attach to and support.","Each pier should extend at least 6” above ground level, but can extend higher if desired. The top of the piers should be level with each other.","Pressure treated 4”x4” (6”x6”, 8”x8”) posts can sit on top of the piers to provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams.","Before the concrete hardens in the piers, set pier or post ties and align in place. Shed dimensions determine the number of piers you need. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 piers – 3 per long side.","Once the piers have cured, beams can be set in place on the piers (or pier and post) and leveled with shims.","Complexity: Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the piers extend above the ground. Making the piers level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty.","Construction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 The poured concrete, number of tubes/forms, pier or post ties, plus dimension lumber for beams all affect the cost. The number of concrete piers required will depend on the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.","A great foundation for any size shed: ready-made or home-built, a garage, or even a 2 story house. The different steps are what make this more difficult for the novice DIYer, and it’s a more difficult foundation to build.","Shed dimensions dictate how large an area you need. The finished slab is strong enough to support vehicles and sits on the ground so it’s easy to drive in to. Ensure you have access to the concrete truck, or you may need a pumper truck or crane at added expense.","This is NOT a step-by-step for making a concrete slab. It identifies many of the steps you need to become knowledgeable about.","Set the 4 corner stakes, ensuring the corners are square. Use a string line and level to determine ground slopes. The more slope, the more material to move. If built on solid, well-drained soil your slab will last longer.","Remove the sod and top 4” – 6” of soil creating a level base. Using 2”x12”s to form the perimeter; stake the corners and adjust so they are square and level. The thickness of concrete and gravel determines how high the forms need to be.","4”-6” of concrete on 6”-8”s gravel places your forms several inches off the ground. If placing rigid foam under the concrete pad you’ll need to raise the forms higher. If you want a 4” or 6” thick concrete pad, then the tamped gravel needs to level out 4” or 6”s below the top of the forms.","Once the forms are in place, they should be vertically braced and the top diagonally braced every 2 feet. Spread the 6” – 8” of gravel to fill the pad (You may need engineered gravel). Compact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel base level.","The perimeter of your gravel pad should slope downward to 2”s thick of gravel for the outside 12”s of the perimeter. This makes a footing which helps support the walls of your building.","Cover the pad with 6 mil plastic (poly) sheet to help keep moisture out of your concrete pad once it sets. Use 1⁄2” rebar in the perimeter and lay a 4’ grid of rebar on the gravel pad. Bend it at the perimeter to connect with the perimeter rebar.","You can use 6”x6” steel mesh instead of the rebar grid. Use blocks or rebar rests to lift the rebar off the poly. You’re now ready to pour, screed, vibrate the perimeter, and finish the pad surface as desired – smooth, glossy, or brushed.","If attaching a sill plate, place anchor bolts every 4 feet around the perimeter before the concrete hardens (not in doorways). You may need expansion grooves cut in too depending on the size of the concrete foundation.","If it looks like rain, cover with plastic to protect the surface. Once the concrete is cured (24 hours), remove the forms. Before you backfill you may want to address any drainage issues.","Complexity: Difficult There are many steps to this type of foundation. It is a permanent foundation, so mistakes are permanent.","Construction Cost: $2500.00 – $4000.00 (for a 300sqft pad) The cost of materials will vary with location. Equipment rentals/hires and Building Code requirements also add to the cost.","Use deck screws instead of nails to hold the forms; easier to make adjustments and to dismantle at the end of the project","This is a good foundation for any size shed; home built or prefab. It is similar to the concrete pier construction but more forgiving.","It uses 6”x6” or 8”x8” pressure treated posts placed in holes dug or drilled into the ground to the frost line (or bedrock). Only dig down as far as you need, the posts should sit on undisturbed soil. The holes should have gravel in the bottom for drainage.","You can mix and pour a bag of concrete into each hole too. The posts are placed into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place, then backfilled and tamped. Leave the packed soil mounded around the post.","All the posts need to be in the exact location to line up with the framing they will attach to and support. Each post can extend several feet above ground level. The top of the posts can be leveled with each other after they are all set. They provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams to sit on.","Cut the posts level with each other, then notch for the beams (make sure to notch the correct side of each post).","Shed dimensions determine the number of posts you need. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 posts – 3 per long side. Once the posts are notched, place the beam in place, drill holes for carriage bolts, and bolt into place.","Diagonal braces should be attached between the posts to beam for lateral support. Good for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages.","Complexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the posts extend above the ground. Making the posts level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty.","Construction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 Gravel, concrete, number and dimensions of posts, and beams all affect the cost. The number posts required will depend on the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost. How high off the ground you want the shed to be must also be considered.","This is a good foundation for any size shed or house; home built or prefab. Great for any soil type too.","It is similar to concrete pier and post and beam construction. The screw piles are galvanized steel posts with a screw end. They come in a choice of lengths and diameters. Some need a small excavator with a special attachment to screw them into the ground to the frost line.","Other types use a special handheld powered screwdriver – hope you have strong wrists. The screw helps to prevent vertical frost lift. There is also minimal settling since the soil is undisturbed by digging.","Once in place, attach the beams and joists and build on. Suitable for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any type material.","Complexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the posts extend above the ground. Making the piles level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty. This becomes Easy if you hire a certified installer and get a guarantee.","Construction Cost: $500.00 – $1000.00 The screw piles, a method of installation, and the lumber for the beams affect the cost. The number piles required will depend on the dimensions of the building. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.","Your choice of foundation is an important decision. It helps keep your shed level and dry, and provides a stable base for it. All extend the life of your storage shed.","Most on-grade shed foundations are easier to build and don’t need a lot of special tools or expertise. Select the one that fits the type of shed you want it to support, and the location you want it to in. Your Building Inspector can answer many of your questions too.","Permanent foundations tend to be more complicated and may need more ability. This doesn’t mean you can’t do it; it means you need to become more knowledgeable about your choice of foundation. Always involve the Building Inspector with all permanent foundations.","Base your choice on the size and type of shed you want to build. What you’re going to store in it, what the location requires, and your budget also affects your decision. A small shed has different requirements than a large one. The open bottom or built-in floor, sloped or flat ground, all affect your choice.","Your comments are appreciated. If you know someone who is thinking about building a shed foundation, share with them if you liked it.","Eugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking.","Hi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have built two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool stuff and help my wife with her garden. About me","© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA Policy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com."]},"parsed_md":"11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)\n\nSkip to content\n\n# 11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)\n\n19661shares\n\n * Share\n * Pin\n\nLast updated October 7, 2020\n\nEver opened the garage door and can’t find anything, or fit the car in? The\nyard is cluttered with kids’ bikes and the snow shovels greet visitors at the\ndoor in the summer? Where to put it all?\n\nYou need a shed! Everyone has a shed! They lean this way or that way, the door\nsticks, or the floor rots out. Some are wood, others plastic or steel, do-it-\nyourself or prebuilt. Where to start?\n\nThe best place to start is the shed foundation. A proper base will support the\ntype of shed you build or buy. What kind of foundation do you need? What are\ntheir pros and cons of each? What’s on-grade or permanent? Do you need a\nBuilding Permit? What will it all cost?\n\nThis article about most popular shed foundations will help answer these\nquestions. It’ll help you decide on the best foundation for your shed.\n\nQuick Navigation\n\n * Does My Shed Need a Foundation?\n * Contact Your Local Building Inspector\n * On-Grade vs Permanent Shed Foundation\n * Popular Types of Foundations Used for Sheds\n\n * #1 Shed Foundation with Concrete Pavers\n * #2 Solid Concrete Blocks\n * #3 Deck Blocks\n * #4 Gravel Pad and Timber Frame\n * #5 Skid Foundations\n * #6 Plastic Foundations (or Plastic Garden Shed Base Grid)\n * #7 Kit from Manufacturer\n * #8 Concrete Piers and Beams Foundation for a Shed\n * #9 Concrete Slab – Best Shed Foundation\n * #10 Post and Beams\n * #11 Screw Piles\n * How to Choose the Right Foundation for My Shed?\n\n## Does My Shed Need a Foundation?\n\nEver stood in your yard after it rains? Your feet get wet. The same thing\nhappens to your shed. If it sits on the ground, it will get wet from the\nground moisture. This will cause wood to rot and metal to rust. It will cause\nthe contents of the shed to be damp.\n\nAdditionally, the ground isn’t flat. Uneven ground makes doors stick and\naffects the stability of your shed. A foundation lifts your shed off the\nground. It provides a stable and level base so the doors open, and your shed\nlasts longer.\n\n## Contact Your Local Building Inspector\n\nBefore you begin any construction project, you should consult your local\nBuilding Inspector. If you don’t you could face fines and/or have to remove\nwhat you’ve built.\n\nSome communities have restrictions on the size and style of outbuildings\n(sheds). The Inspector will know the limits and are often a fountain of\ninformation. They will inform you about any setbacks or easements to respect.\n\nThey should also be familiar with soil types in their local. If you need a\nBuilding Permit, they’ll let you know that too.\n\n## On-Grade vs Permanent Shed Foundation\n\nAn On-Grade shed foundation is one that sits on the ground. It can be a skid,\ngravel, patio stone, block or post, or even plastic construction. In 20 years\nyou could remove your shed.\n\nTake the shed base out is as easy as putting it in, rake it over, plant grass\nseed, and it would disappear. A Permanent Foundation is just that, permanent.\n\nIt’s a concrete slab, excavated block or poured wall, or concrete pier. In 20\nyears it will still need a lot of work to remove. The pros and cons of each\nare below.\n\n## Popular Types of Foundations Used for Sheds\n\nOn-grade Shed Foundations\n\n### #1 Shed Foundation with Concrete Pavers\n\nAn easy shed foundation for the beginner and good for prebuilt or a home built\nsheds. A foundation of pavers sits on leveled exposed ground or a sand base.\nThey provide a solid flat base upon which to build or set a shed and evenly\nsupport the floor.\n\nThe bigger the paver, the heavier it is, but the fewer you need. Pavers are\ngreat on flat ground for smaller sheds of wood, metal, or plastic construction\nwith or without a floor. Using pavers places the entry close to, or on the\nground so good for riding lawn mowers or quads.\n\nComplexity: Easy Once the ground is level, pavers are easy to lay. If placed\non the sand there’s an extra step leveling before putting the pavers. Sand\ndoes make it easier to level the pavers too.\n\nConstruction Cost: $100.00-$200.00 The cost of pavers depends on their size,\ncolor and shape. Some large pavers are available with steel mesh inside them\nbut are more expensive. I prefer 24”x24” or 24”x30” (heavier but cover more).\nAdding a sand layer increases the cost too.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * Throughout the build, check your levels.\n * Use sand to make leveling easier.\n * Garden cloth under the pavers helps reduce weeds coming up in the cracks.\n * Don’t make it larger than the shed base as roof run-off can pool and seep into your shed.\n\nPros\n\n * Available in several colors, shapes and sizes\n * Quick and easy install\n * Continuous support of shed floor, or makes a good floor\n * Can secure shed/walls to pavers\n\nCons\n\n * Can settle into the soil over time\n * Pavers become uneven to each other\n * Can crack with heavy loads\n * Not suitable for large sheds\n\nLay Shed Foundation With Paving Slabs\n\n### #2 Solid Concrete Blocks\n\nImage courtesy of finehomebuilding.com\n\nA relatively easy foundation for the beginner and a good base for any sized\nshed. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Concrete blocks are square or\nrectangular in shape.\n\nOnly use solid-concrete blocks. They sit on the ground and need to be level,\nand level with each other. Shed dimensions and ground slope dictate how many\nblocks you need.\n\nThe sloped ground may need stacked blocks to form a tower level with other\nblock towers. Support the corners and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer\nif for heavy equipment) and the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6\nblocks, more if you use towers for leveling.\n\nComplexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the\nfoundation blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the blocks with each other\nand squaring the corners. The level of difficulty increases for sloped ground.\n\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The cost of solid-concrete blocks depends\non their size and shape. The number required will depend on the dimensions of\nthe shed and the slope of the ground. How high off the ground you want the\nshed to be is also a factor.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * Suitable for flat yard or slopes with a difference of 24” or less for the run of the shed\n * Always re-check your levels as you build your shed foundation. Great for use with any shed material\n * Use for sheds, cabins and cottages\n * Not ideal for heavy machinery due to structural weight bearing and possible vibration issues\n * The floor isn’t fully supported and vibrations can cause block towers to shift\n\nPros\n\n * Available in several shapes and sizes (12”x12”x4”, 4”x 8”x16”, 2”x8”x16”)\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to stack and level\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\n * The distance between blocks is not supported\n * Not suitable for slopes of greater than 24”\n\nBuild Shed Foundation with Concrete Blocks\n\n### #3 Deck Blocks\n\nAn excellent foundation for any size shed. It is also fairly easy for a novice\nDIYer. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Deck blocks are square based-\npyramidal in shape.\n\nThey have channels in the top for wooden framing. They sit on the ground and\nneed to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions determine the\nnumber of blocks you need.\n\nSupport each corner and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy\nequipment) and through the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 deck blocks\n– 3 per long side. Good for flat lot, not slopes.\n\nGreat for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages.\nPlaces the shed closer to the ground; so easy access for lawn mowers or quads.\n\nNot ideal for heavy machinery due to structural weight bearing as the floor\nisn’t fully supported.\n\nComplexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the deck\nblocks. The difficult steps are leveling the deck blocks to each other and\nsquaring the corners.\n\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 Deck blocks and patio stones are similar in\nprice. The number required is less though and depends on the dimensions of the\nshed.\n\nPro Tip: Remember to check your levels as you build.\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to leveled\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time\n * The distance between blocks is not supported\n * Not good for sloped surface\n\nBuild Shed Base with Deck Blocks\n\n### #4 Gravel Pad and Timber Frame\n\nImage courtesy of Classic Buildings\n\nA relatively easy foundation for any size shed and great for ready-made or\nhome built sheds. The size makes this more difficult for the novice DIYer.\n\nThe gravel pad and timber frame foundation is good for the flat ground. Use\npit-run or 1”-crusher run gravel. It has smaller particles in it and packs\ninto a more stable base.\n\nCompact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel\nlevel. The pad is on the ground and should be 2’ wider and longer than your\nshed.\n\nRemove the sod and/or cover it with garden cloth, then spread out and tamp\ndown the gravel. It should be 4”-6” thick and level. Shed dimensions dictate\nhow large an area you need.\n\nPlace pressure treated 4”x4” (or 4”x6”, 6”x6”) timbers on the gravel in the\nsame dimensions as the shed.\n\nUse a half-lap joint where the timbers meet. Square the corners and level the\nlumber with each other. Drill the joints and hammer a length of rebar through\ninto the ground.\n\nComplexity: Relatively Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections\nunder the level gravel layer. Leveling the 4”x4’s to each other and squaring\nthe corners are the difficult steps for this foundation.\n\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $400.00 The cost of gravel fluctuates with\nlocation. Rolls of garden cloth often go on sale. The amount of gravel and the\nnumber of 4”x4”s depends on the dimensions of the shed.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * A 6” gravel thickness is better than 4”\n * The gravel base has to be level\n * If you need to add a second layer of pressure treated lumber use galvanized spikes to join them to the layer below\n * Recommend pre-drilling so it’s easier to nail\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to leveled\n * Shed is on or close to land level\n * Use with sheds with or without a floor\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot\n * May need a drainage ditch\n * May need a retaining wall to hold gravel in place\n * Not suitable for sloped yard\n\nBuild Gravel Pad Foundation for a Shed\n\nRelated: Popular Roof Styles for Sheds (With Pictures)\n\n### #5 Skid Foundations\n\nImage courtesy of Shed to House\n\nA skid foundation is a quick and easy way to support a shed and easy for even\nthe beginner to build. We’re not talking commercial delivery skids. It\ncomprises of 2 or more pressure treated 4”x4”s, 6”x6”s, 8”x8”s or even logs\nlaid parallel to support the length of the building.\n\nThe shed sits on and is evenly supported by, the skids. The skids, also called\nrunners, usually sit directly on the ground. This means you want relatively\nflat terrain.\n\nHistorically, the skids meant the shed could be skidded to another location.\nIt is a good idea to dig a trench where the skids will lay, then tamp in\ngravel ensuring the surface is level and drained.\n\nThis will help protect the wood and make leveling easier. The trench should be\nwider and longer than your skid. I helped move a 10’x30’ cabin built 90+ years\nago on log skids. We used ropes and a half to truck; the 100 yard move was\neasier than expected.\n\nComplexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level\ngravel layer. The difficult steps are leveling the skids themselves and to\neach other.\n\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The amount of gravel (if used), plus the\ndimension and number of skids (determined by the shed size), affect the cost.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * A 6” gravel thickness in the trench is better than 4”\n * The gravel has to be level\n * The bigger the shed, the bigger the skid dimension should be\n * You can use 2”x6” or 2”x8”s nailed together and sitting on the edge\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to leveled\n * Shed is movable\n * Shed is on or close to land surface\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot\n * Not suitable for sloped lot\n\nBuild Shed Base and Floor on Skids\n\n### #6 Plastic Foundations (or Plastic Garden Shed Base Grid)\n\nPlastic Shed Base Kit\n\nA newer type of foundation made from recycled material. It’s easy for the\nbeginner to put together and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds.\n\nIt sits directly on the ground, so the flat ground is best. It is similar to\nconcrete paver construction, but much lighter. The ground preparation is easy,\nensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.\n\nOnce the ground is level, roll out the garden cloth. Place the interlocking\ngrid blocks, connect together, and level. The blocks can even be cut to size\nwith a hand saw.\n\nOnce the base is level, fill the open grid with pea gravel. The base should be\nthe same dimensions as your shed, but can be wider.\n\nThe grid holds the pea gravel in place and allows moisture to percolate\nthrough. The grid also helps keep the base of the shed drier than concrete\npavers.\n\nThe plastic grid can be used for sheds with or without floors and provides\neven support for floors. Ideal for use with riding lawn mowers or other\nwheeled equipment as it sits on or close to ground level. Available here.\n\nComplexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections a sand layer.\nThe difficult steps are leveling the grids themselves and to each other.\n\nConstruction Cost: $150.00 – $300.00 The amount of pea gravel, garden cloth,\nand number of grids affect the cost of construction.\n\nPro Tip: Use sand level the ground. Remember to recheck for level as you work.\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy leveled\n * Shed is on or close to the land level\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * May sink over time\n * Not widely available\n * Not good for sloped ground\n\n### #7 Kit from Manufacturer\n\nArrow FDN1014 Storage Shed Base Kit\n\nSome small shed manufacturers offer foundation kits for their sheds.\nFoundation kits are available in various styles.\n\nThey can be used for the manufactured shed, or to support other small sheds of\nthe same size. It’s easy for the beginner to put together.\n\nIt sits on the ground which means you need a flat area. The foundation pieces\nmay also be lighter weight for moving around.\n\nThe ground preparation is easy too. Ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any\ndepressions and remove high spots.\n\nPrepare the ground. Place the foundation pieces (following the Manufacturer’s\ninstructions), connect together, and level. The base should be the same\ndimensions as your shed.\n\nYou may have to purchase other required materials to complete some\nmanufactured foundations.\n\nComplexity: Easy Leveling the ground and manufactured foundation are the\ndifficult steps for this foundation. Reading and interpreting the instructions\ncan be difficult too.\n\nConstruction Cost: $50.00 – $100.00 The cost of the kit, garden cloth, plus\nany required materials, set the cost (see today's price here).\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * Use sand to level the ground and place garden cloth down before putting the foundation down\n * Remember to recheck for level as you work\n * Tighten all bolts/screws before they disappear under other structural materials.\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to level\n * Shed is on or close to ground level for easy access\n * Good for smaller sheds\n\nCons\n\n * May sink over time\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot/rusting\n * Not good for sloped ground\n * Often requires other materials be purchased\n\nPermanent Foundations\n\nAlways check with the Building Inspector before beginning any permanent\nfoundation.\n\n### #8 Concrete Piers and Beams Foundation for a Shed\n\nImage courtesy of Green Button Homes, LLC\n\nAn excellent foundation for any shed size, but more difficult to build. Good\nfor home built sheds and some prefab.\n\nThe piers are concrete poured into holes dug or drilled into the ground to the\nfrost line (or bedrock).\n\nThe holes should have 6”s of gravel in the bottom for drainage. There are\nplastic pier forms which can be set into an excavation dug to the frost line.\nThey are then buried and filled with concrete (after being plumbed and\nleveled).\n\nThe most common though are cardboard tubes. They are placed into the holes,\nplumbed level and secured in place. Backfill the space around the tube, then\nfill with concrete.\n\nAll the tubes/forms need to be in aligned in their exact location on the\nstring line. The piers need to line up with the framing they will attach to\nand support.\n\nEach pier should extend at least 6” above ground level, but can extend higher\nif desired. The top of the piers should be level with each other.\n\nPressure treated 4”x4” (6”x6”, 8”x8”) posts can sit on top of the piers to\nprovide a level surface for the pressure treated beams.\n\nBefore the concrete hardens in the piers, set pier or post ties and align in\nplace. Shed dimensions determine the number of piers you need. An 8’x12’ shed\nwould use 6 piers – 3 per long side.\n\nOnce the piers have cured, beams can be set in place on the piers (or pier and\npost) and leveled with shims.\n\nSuitable for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material. Use\nfor sheds, cabins and cottages.\n\nComplexity: Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the piers\nextend above the ground. Making the piers level vertically and horizontally\nincreases the level of difficulty.\n\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 The poured concrete, number of\ntubes/forms, pier or post ties, plus dimension lumber for beams all affect the\ncost. The number of concrete piers required will depend on the dimensions of\nthe shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also\nfactors that affect the cost.\n\nPro Tips::\n\n * Re-check your horizontal and vertical levels\n * Triple check that the 4 corner posts remain square\n * Set the 4 corners first, it makes it easier to square and level the other piers\n * Good helpers are an asset.\n\nPros\n\n * Great for most soil conditions\n * Exceptional for areas that experience frost\n * Provide a permanent level base\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Little forgiveness for errors.\n * The distance between piers is not directly supported\n * Difficult for the beginner\n\nBuild Pier Shed Foundation\n\n### #9 Concrete Slab – Best Shed Foundation\n\nA great foundation for any size shed: ready-made or home-built, a garage, or\neven a 2 story house. The different steps are what make this more difficult\nfor the novice DIYer, and it’s a more difficult foundation to build.\n\nShed dimensions dictate how large an area you need. The finished slab is\nstrong enough to support vehicles and sits on the ground so it’s easy to drive\nin to. Ensure you have access to the concrete truck, or you may need a pumper\ntruck or crane at added expense.\n\nThis is NOT a step-by-step for making a concrete slab. It identifies many of\nthe steps you need to become knowledgeable about.\n\nSet the 4 corner stakes, ensuring the corners are square. Use a string line\nand level to determine ground slopes. The more slope, the more material to\nmove. If built on solid, well-drained soil your slab will last longer.\n\nRemove the sod and top 4” – 6” of soil creating a level base. Using 2”x12”s to\nform the perimeter; stake the corners and adjust so they are square and level.\nThe thickness of concrete and gravel determines how high the forms need to be.\n\n4”-6” of concrete on 6”-8”s gravel places your forms several inches off the\nground. If placing rigid foam under the concrete pad you’ll need to raise the\nforms higher. If you want a 4” or 6” thick concrete pad, then the tamped\ngravel needs to level out 4” or 6”s below the top of the forms.\n\nOnce the forms are in place, they should be vertically braced and the top\ndiagonally braced every 2 feet. Spread the 6” – 8” of gravel to fill the pad\n(You may need engineered gravel). Compact the gravel using a gas powered\ncompactor; working to keep the gravel base level.\n\nThe perimeter of your gravel pad should slope downward to 2”s thick of gravel\nfor the outside 12”s of the perimeter. This makes a footing which helps\nsupport the walls of your building.\n\nCover the pad with 6 mil plastic (poly) sheet to help keep moisture out of\nyour concrete pad once it sets. Use 1⁄2” rebar in the perimeter and lay a 4’\ngrid of rebar on the gravel pad. Bend it at the perimeter to connect with the\nperimeter rebar.\n\nYou can use 6”x6” steel mesh instead of the rebar grid. Use blocks or rebar\nrests to lift the rebar off the poly. You’re now ready to pour, screed,\nvibrate the perimeter, and finish the pad surface as desired – smooth, glossy,\nor brushed.\n\nIf attaching a sill plate, place anchor bolts every 4 feet around the\nperimeter before the concrete hardens (not in doorways). You may need\nexpansion grooves cut in too depending on the size of the concrete foundation.\n\nIf it looks like rain, cover with plastic to protect the surface. Once the\nconcrete is cured (24 hours), remove the forms. Before you backfill you may\nwant to address any drainage issues.\n\nComplexity: Difficult There are many steps to this type of foundation. It is a\npermanent foundation, so mistakes are permanent.\n\nConstruction Cost: $2500.00 – $4000.00 (for a 300sqft pad) The cost of\nmaterials will vary with location. Equipment rentals/hires and Building Code\nrequirements also add to the cost.\n\nPro Tips::\n\n * Hire an excavator to remove the soil and level the site\n * Use a laser level to set the levels\n * Use deck screws instead of nails to hold the forms; easier to make adjustments and to dismantle at the end of the project\n * The forms can be used in the construction of your building, reducing cost and waste\n\nPros\n\n * A permanent foundation\n * Will support heavy loads\n * Shed is on or close to the surface of the land for easy access\n * Use for sheds with or without a floor\n * Great for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Needs to be above freezing for pouring\n * Can crack over time if ground slumps or shifts\n * Risk of ground contact and rot if the ground slope is wrong\n * May need a drainage ditch\n * May require a retaining wall to hold slopes in place\n * Not suitable for sloped site\n\nBuild Concrete Slab Shed Base\n\n### #10 Post and Beams\n\nImage courtesy of StorageBuildingsUnlimited\n\nThis is a good foundation for any size shed; home built or prefab. It is\nsimilar to the concrete pier construction but more forgiving.\n\nIt uses 6”x6” or 8”x8” pressure treated posts placed in holes dug or drilled\ninto the ground to the frost line (or bedrock). Only dig down as far as you\nneed, the posts should sit on undisturbed soil. The holes should have gravel\nin the bottom for drainage.\n\nYou can mix and pour a bag of concrete into each hole too. The posts are\nplaced into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place, then backfilled and\ntamped. Leave the packed soil mounded around the post.\n\nAll the posts need to be in the exact location to line up with the framing\nthey will attach to and support. Each post can extend several feet above\nground level. The top of the posts can be leveled with each other after they\nare all set. They provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams to\nsit on.\n\nCut the posts level with each other, then notch for the beams (make sure to\nnotch the correct side of each post).\n\nShed dimensions determine the number of posts you need. An 8’x12’ shed would\nuse 6 posts – 3 per long side. Once the posts are notched, place the beam in\nplace, drill holes for carriage bolts, and bolt into place.\n\nDiagonal braces should be attached between the posts to beam for lateral\nsupport. Good for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material.\nUse for sheds, cabins and cottages.\n\nComplexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far\nthe posts extend above the ground. Making the posts level vertically and\nhorizontally increases the level of difficulty.\n\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 Gravel, concrete, number and dimensions\nof posts, and beams all affect the cost. The number posts required will depend\non the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of\nthe ground are also factors that affect the cost. How high off the ground you\nwant the shed to be must also be considered.\n\nPro Tips::\n\n * Re-check your horizontal and vertical levels\n * Triple check that the 4 corner posts remain square\n * Set the 4 corners first, it makes it easier to square and level the other posts\n * Good helpers are an asset\n\nPros\n\n * Suitable for most soil conditions\n * Excellent for areas that experience frost\n * Provide a permanent level base\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * A lot of planning for placement and leveling involved.\n * The distance between posts is not directly supported\n * Can be difficult for the beginner\n\n### #11 Screw Piles\n\nImage courtesy technometalpost.com\n\nThis is a good foundation for any size shed or house; home built or prefab.\nGreat for any soil type too.\n\nIt is similar to concrete pier and post and beam construction. The screw piles\nare galvanized steel posts with a screw end. They come in a choice of lengths\nand diameters. Some need a small excavator with a special attachment to screw\nthem into the ground to the frost line.\n\nOther types use a special handheld powered screwdriver – hope you have strong\nwrists. The screw helps to prevent vertical frost lift. There is also minimal\nsettling since the soil is undisturbed by digging.\n\nOnce in place, attach the beams and joists and build on. Suitable for flat\nground or slopes. Great for use with any type material.\n\nComplexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far\nthe posts extend above the ground. Making the piles level vertically and\nhorizontally increases the level of difficulty. This becomes Easy if you hire\na certified installer and get a guarantee.\n\nConstruction Cost: $500.00 – $1000.00 The screw piles, a method of\ninstallation, and the lumber for the beams affect the cost. The number piles\nrequired will depend on the dimensions of the building. The distance to the\nfrost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.\n\nPro Tip: Hire an experienced certified installer with a guarantee.\n\nPros\n\n * Suitable for any soil conditions\n * Excellent for areas that experience frost\n * Provide a permanent level base for shed\n * Good for small or large sheds\n * A quick installation\n\nCons\n\n * requires specialized equipment or hired specialists.\n * The distance between piles is not directly supported\n\n## How to Choose the Right Foundation for My Shed?\n\nYour choice of foundation is an important decision. It helps keep your shed\nlevel and dry, and provides a stable base for it. All extend the life of your\nstorage shed.\n\nMost on-grade shed foundations are easier to build and don’t need a lot of\nspecial tools or expertise. Select the one that fits the type of shed you want\nit to support, and the location you want it to in. Your Building Inspector can\nanswer many of your questions too.\n\nPermanent foundations tend to be more complicated and may need more ability.\nThis doesn’t mean you can’t do it; it means you need to become more\nknowledgeable about your choice of foundation. Always involve the Building\nInspector with all permanent foundations.\n\nBase your choice on the size and type of shed you want to build. What you’re\ngoing to store in it, what the location requires, and your budget also affects\nyour decision. A small shed has different requirements than a large one. The\nopen bottom or built-in floor, sloped or flat ground, all affect your choice.\n\nHopefully, this article has provided you with information to make your\ndecision easier.\n\nYour comments are appreciated. If you know someone who is thinking about\nbuilding a shed foundation, share with them if you liked it.\n\nPlease make sure to check out my post about different shed roof styles.\n\nEugene Sokol\n\nEugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative\nwhile inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home\nimprovement, renovation and woodworking.\n\nHi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have\nbuilt two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool\nstuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\n\n© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA\nPolicy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\nto Amazon.com.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307053513/https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html","parsed_text":{"title":"Shed Doors and Easy Ways to Build Them","passages":["Shed doors can either be pre-hung or custom built. All the methods below are for homemade shed doors and are simple designs using basic materials.","Here's one of the easiest ways I use to build double shed doors. You can use this method while installing your shed siding. Build up to 6' wide doors using this technique.","Use this method to build your shed doors if you are siding your walls before standing them up. This is a little more complicated then the method listed above. When I built sheds professionally this is the method I used because it allowed me to already have my doors built and have them ready on the job site.","This method is really simple and can be used for building small or large single swing shed doors up to 3' wide.","A roll up shed door can be one of the best types of doors to install on your shed. You have to be careful though to frame your shed properly to accept this type of shed door.","Check out this shed door hardware like 'D' Handles, strap hinges, barrel bolts, and even where to get metal to protect the floor where you walk into your shed.","Need to anchor a wooden shed floor? Here's the method I use and is widely accepted for building codes across the country.","Use these 12x22 barn shed with porch plans to build a neat shed home, small cabin, tiny house, or small cottage."]},"parsed_md":"Shed Doors and Easy Ways to Build Them\n\nShedking\n\n * Learning Center\n * Shed Materials Costs\n * Customer Pictures\n * Contact Us\n\nMenu\n\n * Home\n * Customer Pictures\n * Shed Building Guides\n\n * Planning\n * Shed Foundation\n * Building Shed Floors\n * Shed Wall Framing\n * Building Shed Doors\n * Shed Roof Framing\n * Types of Siding\n * Adding Shed Windows\n * Building Shed Lofts\n * Building a Shed Ramp\n * Shed Designs\n * Shed Ideas\n * Plans\n\n * Shed Plans\n * Barn Shed Plans\n * Lean to Sheds\n * Garden Shed Plans\n * Firewood Shed Plans\n * Cupola Plans\n * Shed Truss Plans\n * Chicken Coop Plans\n * Shed Home Plans\n * Free Building Manuals\n * Gable Shed Building Guide\n * Barn Shed Building Guide\n * Lean To Building Guide\n * Neat Shed Stuff\n\n * Shed Door Hardware\n * Shed Materials Costs\n * Shed Materials List\n * 3d Construction Models\n * Shed Building Tools\n * Building Tips\n * Shed Construction\n * Welcome\n\n * About Me\n * Contact Me\n * Privacy Policy\n * What's New!\n\n# Shed Doors and How to Build Them\n\nShed doors can either be pre-hung or custom built. All the methods below are\nfor homemade shed doors and are simple designs using basic materials.\n\n## Building Double Shed Doors\n\nHere's one of the easiest ways I use to build double shed doors. You can use\nthis method while installing your shed siding. Build up to 6' wide doors using\nthis technique.\n\nLearn more here.\n\n## Another Shed Door Building Method\n\nAnother Easy Method for Building Your Double Shed Doors\n\nUse this method to build your shed doors if you are siding your walls before\nstanding them up. This is a little more complicated then the method listed\nabove. When I built sheds professionally this is the method I used because it\nallowed me to already have my doors built and have them ready on the job site.\n\nHere's the construction guide for you.\n\n## Building Single Shed Doors\n\nHow To Build a Single Shed Door\n\nThis method is really simple and can be used for building small or large\nsingle swing shed doors up to 3' wide.\n\nCheck out this construction guide for building a single shed door.\n\n## Adding a Roll Up Shed Door\n\nAdding A Roll Up Shed Door\n\nA roll up shed door can be one of the best types of doors to install on your\nshed. You have to be careful though to frame your shed properly to accept this\ntype of shed door.\n\nHere's more info on adding a roll up shed door.\n\n## Shed Door Hardware\n\nHardware For Your Shed Doors\n\nCheck out this shed door hardware like 'D' Handles, strap hinges, barrel\nbolts, and even where to get metal to protect the floor where you walk into\nyour shed.\n\nYou can find them here along with other hardware for shed doors.\n\n * Home\n * Customer Pictures\n\n### Shed Building Guides\n\n * Planning\n * Shed Foundation\n * Building Shed Floors\n * Shed Wall Framing\n * Building Shed Doors\n * Shed Roof Framing\n * Types of Siding\n * Adding Shed Windows\n * Building Shed Lofts\n * Building a Shed Ramp\n * Shed Designs\n * Shed Ideas\n\n### Plans\n\n * Shed Plans\n * Barn Shed Plans\n * Lean to Sheds\n * Garden Shed Plans\n * Firewood Shed Plans\n * Cupola Plans\n * Shed Truss Plans\n * Chicken Coop Plans\n * Shed Home Plans\n\n### Free Building Manuals\n\n * Gable Shed Building Guide\n * Barn Shed Building Guide\n * Lean To Building Guide\n\n### Neat Shed Stuff\n\n * Shed Door Hardware\n * Shed Materials Costs\n * Shed Materials List\n * 3d Construction Models\n * Shed Building Tools\n * Building Tips\n * Shed Construction\n\n### Welcome\n\n * About Me\n * Contact Me\n * Privacy Policy\n * What's New!\n\nMy You Tube Videos\n\n###\n\nEasy To Use Shed Plans (30% Off Sale)\n\nBarn Shed Plans\n\nGable Shed Plans\n\nSaltbox Shed Plans\n\nAll Plans Come With...\n\n * Detailed Building Guide\n * Blueprints\n * Materials List\n * Free Cupola Plan\n * Email Support\n * Instant .pdf Download\n\n### Amazing sheds built by my customers..\n\nSee Their Pictures\n\nDo you like this site? Let me know click the button!\n\n## Recent Articles\n\n 1. ### Trusses For 2 Story Shed Plans\n\nMar 06, 21 09:36 AM\n\n2 story shed truss plans providing lots of headroom in the loft area.\n\nRead More\n\n 2. ### Anchoring a Wooden Shed Floor\n\nMar 06, 21 08:34 AM\n\nNeed to anchor a wooden shed floor? Here's the method I use and is widely\naccepted for building codes across the country.\n\nRead More\n\n 3. ### 12x22 Barn Shed Plans\n\nMar 06, 21 08:23 AM\n\nUse these 12x22 barn shed with porch plans to build a neat shed home, small\ncabin, tiny house, or small cottage.\n\nRead More\n\nAffiliate Disclosure Policy By John Shank, Copyright © Shedking 2004-2021.\n\nShedking.net's Privacy Policy\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416143743/https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing","passages":["Dig and pour your deck footings so they extend below the frost line. That way, they won't move, or heave, as the ground freezes and thaws during seasonal changes. This article explains how to build solid footings that will stay put year-round.","If your setting deck posts move up in the spring then settle back down as the weather warms, then you have a bad case of “frost heave-osis.” So how deep is the frost line? In the winter, the ground freezes from the top of the soil downward. The depth of frost penetration depends on the soil type, the severity of the winter, the amount of water in the soil and the depth of an insulating blanket of snow.","The frost depth varies by region. In frigid Minnesota, the frost depth is 42 in., whereas a warmer state like Missouri may have a frost depth of only 1 ft.","When you contact your local building department to get your building permit, ask what the frost depth requirement is and the required size and shape of the footings. Then dig the footing holes so that the bottoms of the footings are at or below the frost depth.","The mechanics of frost heave are complex, but here’s a quick primer. Water in the surrounding soil collects and freezes into thin layers of frost called “ice lenses.”","When water freezes, it expands about 9 percent—think of how ice cubes are domed above the original water level in the ice cube tray. Ice exerts a pressure of about 50,000 lbs. per square inch—enough force to lift even a large building. A puny little deck on inadequate footings doesn’t stand a chance.","The reason buildings and decks don’t always return to their original height is that surrounding dirt sometimes fills in under the footing while it’s lifted.","Heavy clay soils don’t drain well, so they tend to have more frost heave problems than sandy, well-drained ones. But even if footings are deep enough, ice lenses can latch onto the rough surfaces of wood and concrete and lift footings and posts from the side. That’s why concrete piers poured in waxed cardboard tubes and smooth wooden installing deck posts work well for below- grade support.","When you pour concrete footings, hold the cardboard concrete form tube about 12 in. up from the bottom of the footing. Do this by nailing the sides of the tube to the center of a tic-tac-toe grid of 2x4s at the top of the hole. Then dump concrete through the tube into the bottom of the hole. After the wide part at the bottom of the hole has filled, the tube will fill too.","Flare the sides on concrete footings so the footings will resist heave in harsh winters when frost penetrates especially deep. Greater width at the bottom will also distribute weight over a larger area.","If you're pouring more than a few footings, order premixed concrete from a ready-mix company. You'd be shocked at how many bags of concrete mix you'd have to mix by hand to fill a form tube.","Figure concrete volume by multiplying the height of the post and column in feet by the radius of the tube in feet squared times 3.14. Divide the total by 27 to get the cubic yardage you need to order. Add extra for the wide footing bases.","If the footing does not extend below the frost line, the footing will heave as the ground freezes and thaws.","Even if you're setting deck posts in the ground, instead of on top of footings, the concrete still needs to extend below the frost line."]},"parsed_md":"How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing | The Family Handyman\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext Project\n\nSkip to main content\n\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\n\nHome Decks Building a Deck\n\n# How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing\n\n## Prevent frost-heave damage by pouring the concrete right.\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nNext Project\n\n## Introduction\n\nDig and pour your deck footings so they extend below the frost line. That way,\nthey won't move, or heave, as the ground freezes and thaws during seasonal\nchanges. This article explains how to build solid footings that will stay put\nyear-round.\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n## Tools Required\n\n 1. Hoe\n 2. Posthole digger\n 3. Spade\n 4. Tape measure\n 5. Utility knife\n 6. Wheelbarrow\n\n## Materials Required\n\n 1. Concrete\n 2. Form tube\n\n## How Deep is the Frost Line?\n\nIf your setting deck posts move up in the spring then settle back down as the\nweather warms, then you have a bad case of “frost heave-osis.” So how deep is\nthe frost line? In the winter, the ground freezes from the top of the soil\ndownward. The depth of frost penetration depends on the soil type, the\nseverity of the winter, the amount of water in the soil and the depth of an\ninsulating blanket of snow.\n\nThe frost depth varies by region. In frigid Minnesota, the frost depth is 42\nin., whereas a warmer state like Missouri may have a frost depth of only 1 ft.\n\nWhen you contact your local building department to get your building permit,\nask what the frost depth requirement is and the required size and shape of the\nfootings. Then dig the footing holes so that the bottoms of the footings are\nat or below the frost depth.\n\nThe mechanics of frost heave are complex, but here’s a quick primer. Water in\nthe surrounding soil collects and freezes into thin layers of frost called\n“ice lenses.”\n\nWhen water freezes, it expands about 9 percent—think of how ice cubes are\ndomed above the original water level in the ice cube tray. Ice exerts a\npressure of about 50,000 lbs. per square inch—enough force to lift even a\nlarge building. A puny little deck on inadequate footings doesn’t stand a\nchance.\n\nThe reason buildings and decks don’t always return to their original height is\nthat surrounding dirt sometimes fills in under the footing while it’s lifted.\n\nHeavy clay soils don’t drain well, so they tend to have more frost heave\nproblems than sandy, well-drained ones. But even if footings are deep enough,\nice lenses can latch onto the rough surfaces of wood and concrete and lift\nfootings and posts from the side. That’s why concrete piers poured in waxed\ncardboard tubes and smooth wooden installing deck posts work well for below-\ngrade support.\n\nCourtesy of Luke Miller\n\n## How to get a solid, frost-proof footing:\n\n * When you pour concrete footings, hold the cardboard concrete form tube about 12 in. up from the bottom of the footing. Do this by nailing the sides of the tube to the center of a tic-tac-toe grid of 2x4s at the top of the hole. Then dump concrete through the tube into the bottom of the hole. After the wide part at the bottom of the hole has filled, the tube will fill too.\n * Flare the sides on concrete footings so the footings will resist heave in harsh winters when frost penetrates especially deep. Greater width at the bottom will also distribute weight over a larger area.\n * Mound soil around the posts after the backfill settles to direct runoff water away from the post.\n\n##### Read Next\n\nExpert Tips for How to Build a Deck\n\nWhy We Chose Composite Decking for Rebuilt Deck\n\n7 Things You Should Do When Building Your Deck\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\n## Project step-by-step (3)\n\nStep 1\n\n## Ordering Premixed Concrete\n\nShutterstock/ungvar\n\nIf you're pouring more than a few footings, order premixed concrete from a\nready-mix company. You'd be shocked at how many bags of concrete mix you'd\nhave to mix by hand to fill a form tube.\n\nFigure concrete volume by multiplying the height of the post and column in\nfeet by the radius of the tube in feet squared times 3.14. Divide the total by\n27 to get the cubic yardage you need to order. Add extra for the wide footing\nbases.\n\nStep 2\n\n## A footing destined to fail: frost line depth chart\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nIf the footing does not extend below the frost line, the footing will heave as\nthe ground freezes and thaws.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\n\nStep 3\n\n## Post set in concrete\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nEven if you're setting deck posts in the ground, instead of on top of\nfootings, the concrete still needs to extend below the frost line.\n\n## Similar Projects\n\nHow to Build an Under-Deck Roof\n\nExpert Tips for How to Build a Deck\n\nHow to Build a Deck That will Last as Long as Your House\n\nWhy We Chose Composite Decking for Rebuilt Deck\n\nTrex Decking Installation Guide\n\nSet and Nail Decking Perfectly\n\nHow to Install Joist Hangers\n\nMaking Deck Posts\n\n7 Deck Building Tips from the Pros\n\nAttaching a New Deck to a House: The Correct Method\n\n7 Things You Should Do When Building Your Deck\n\nReader Project: Reclaimed Lumber Decking\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nDo it right, do it yourself!\n\n * Google Chrome\n * Apple Safari\n * Mozilla Firefox\n * Microsoft Edge\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * See All Appliance Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * See All Automotive\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * See All Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * See All Cleaning\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * See All Electrical\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * See All Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * See All Woodworking\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * See all Landscaping\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Storage & Organization\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Family Handyman Insider\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Project Plans\n\n"},{"original_url":"http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422062419/http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Build a Lean-To Shed","passages":["Have you been longing for a shed where you can store lawn and garden equipment, sports equipment, compact outdoor furniture, and miscellaneous tools and supplies? When inconspicuous, functional storage is all you’re looking for, a lean-to shed is the perfect solution.","Per its name, the structure simply leans against the house or garage for additional support and provides a water-safe haven for shielding gear from the elements. If you have moderate do-it-yourself skills and tools, this is a weekend project. If you decide it’s more than you bargained for, check out these convenient lean-to shed kits on Amazon.","Because the shed is designed to abut to another structure, the foundation need only be pressure-treated skids, the roof pitched in only one direction to shed water, and the back wall sheathed with 1/2-inch CDX plywood, which withstands indirect exposure to moisture. See Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse for more about typical shed construction.","It isn’t a requirement that this shed be built against a wall—but the structure is designed to take advantage of the wall for strength. So if you modify it to be a freestanding shed, you’ll need to build a conventional stud wall across the back and face it with the same type of plywood siding used on the rest of the shed. For information on how to mark, cut, and fasten wall studs, see How to Frame an Interior Wall (ignore the part about working with drywall because you’ll be using exterior-rated T1-11 siding instead).","For a freestanding shed, you can build the shed on top of a concrete slab (see Pouring a Concrete Slab) instead of the pressure-treated skids and floor joists; this will actually result in a sturdier—more permanent— structure. Otherwise, for a freestanding shed, the foundation should be constructed on concrete piers or poured footings (see Pouring Concrete Footings & Piers). Be aware that building on footings will raise the height of the shed up from the ground.","• Pressure-treated 4x4s for skids • Pressure-treated 2x4s for floor joists • 3/4′′ Tongue-and-groove plywood for flooring • 2x4s For studs, header, rafters, top plate nailers, etc. • T1-11 Plywood siding • 1/2′′ CDX plywood for roof sheathing • 1×3 Door trim • 1×4 Fascia and rake trim • Asphalt shingle roofing, 15-pound felt, metal framing brackets, door hinges and latch, miscellaneous galvanized nails and outdoor screws, and paint, stain, or preservative.","The shed shown here is 6 feet long by 4 feet wide. You can easily expand its dimensions in increments of 2 or 4 feet.","1 To construct the framing for the shed’s floor, cut two pressure-treated 2 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the rim joists. Then position six 45-inch-long floor joists between the rim joists 16 inches on center (with the exception of the last one, as shown in the floor joist detail at right). Attach them with 16d nails.","Cut two pressure-treated 4 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the skids. Position the frame on the skids, and, when square, toenail the floor joists to the skids.","Start with the back wall, which is 8 feet high with 6-foot-long top and bottom plates and four studs placed 18 inches on center. The tops of the wall studs are mitered at 18 degrees. Attach the wall to the floor frame and temporarily brace it.","The front wall has a 6-foot-long top plate and two 1-foot-long bottom plates, leaving space for a 4-foot-wide door. The four wall studs are 81 1/4 inches long; install them as shown in the front framing detail at left. Next, install the 73-inch-long jack studs, and then attach the 51-inch-long doubled header. Finally, attach the 6 1/4-inch-long cripple studs.","The side walls have top and bottom plates 41 inches long and studs 81 1/4 inches tall. Raise them, attach them to the floor, and temporarily brace them if needed. When all wall sections are square, attach them at the corners with screws.","3 The frame of the roof consists of four 2-by-4 rafters cut so that they rest on the front- and rear-wall top plates, as shown in the rafter detail at right. Install a gable stud directly over the center studs on both side walls to fit between the end rafter and the top plate. Install the sub-fascia and then the fascia to the front ends of the rafters.","4 Position pieces of T1-11 siding on the front and sides of the shed so that they are flush with the bottom of the rim joists. Attach the siding with 8d galvanized nails spaced every 8 inches.","Cover the rear wall with 1/2-inch CDX plywood from the bottom of the rim joists to the tops of the rafter ends.","5 Sheath the rafters with 1/2-inch CDX plywood; stagger the joints so that none end up on a rafter. Nail them in place with 6d nails. Attach rake trim to cover the exposed edges of the roof sheathing, and install drip edging. Roll out 15-pound roofing felt, and apply the shingles (see Asphalt Roof Installation).","6 Construct the doors from T1-11 siding, and trim them out with 1 by 3s. Add cross trim in the centers of both doors, and install the door latches. Use strap hinges to attach the doors.","Don Vandervort has developed his expertise for more than 30 years, as Building Editor for Sunset Books, Senior Editor at Home Magazine, author of more than 30 home improvement books, and writer of countless magazine articles. He appeared for 3 seasons on HGTV’s “The Fix,” and served as MSN’s home expert for several years. Don founded HomeTips in 1996. Read more about Don Vandervort","Don Vandervort writes or edits every article at HomeTips. Don has: • Over 30 years’ experience as a remodeler and builder. • Written more than 30 home improvement books. • Served as Senior Editor at Home Magazine. • Appeared as a segment host on HGTV’s “The Fix” for 3 seasons. • Been a featured expert on MSN.com, US News, and many others. • Learn more about the trusted HomeTips brand!","HomeTips articles may contain links to Amazon.com and other partner programs that provide helpful products and services. As an Amazon Associate, HomeTips earns from qualifying purchases which allows us to continue creating helpful DIY content."]},"parsed_md":"How to Build a Lean-To Shed\n\n * Save Energy\n * How Your House Works\n * How to Repair\n * How to Install or Build\n * Buying Guides\n * Browse\n\n# How to Build a Lean-To Shed\n\nby Don Vandervort, HomeTips © 1997 to 2020\n\nMarch 23, 2021\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links. For more information see our\ndisclosures here.\n\nFree plans, diagrams, and step-by-step instructions for building a simple\n4-by-6-foot outdoor shed. Step-by-step instructions, too!\n\nIn This Article:\n\nStorage Shed Design Plan Modifications Building the Shed\n\nHave you been longing for a shed where you can store lawn and garden\nequipment, sports equipment, compact outdoor furniture, and miscellaneous\ntools and supplies? When inconspicuous, functional storage is all you’re\nlooking for, a lean-to shed is the perfect solution.\n\nPer its name, the structure simply leans against the house or garage for\nadditional support and provides a water-safe haven for shielding gear from the\nelements. If you have moderate do-it-yourself skills and tools, this is a\nweekend project. If you decide it’s more than you bargained for, check out\nthese convenient lean-to shed kits on Amazon.\n\nLean-to shed provides simple shelter for yard gear and more. © Sunset\nPublishing Corporation\n\nBrowse Tools for This Project on Amazon • Combination Squares • Power Circular\nSaws • 4-Foot Levels • 16-Foot Tape Measures • Framing Nailers • Pancake Air\nCompressors\n\n## Storage Shed Design\n\nBecause the shed is designed to abut to another structure, the foundation need\nonly be pressure-treated skids, the roof pitched in only one direction to shed\nwater, and the back wall sheathed with 1/2-inch CDX plywood, which withstands\nindirect exposure to moisture. See Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse for\nmore about typical shed construction.\n\nSunset’s Sheds & Garages offers many plans for many types of outdoor\nstructures. Just click to order at Amazon.\n\n## Plan Modifications\n\nIt isn’t a requirement that this shed be built against a wall—but the\nstructure is designed to take advantage of the wall for strength. So if you\nmodify it to be a freestanding shed, you’ll need to build a conventional stud\nwall across the back and face it with the same type of plywood siding used on\nthe rest of the shed. For information on how to mark, cut, and fasten wall\nstuds, see How to Frame an Interior Wall (ignore the part about working with\ndrywall because you’ll be using exterior-rated T1-11 siding instead).\n\nFor a freestanding shed, you can build the shed on top of a concrete slab (see\nPouring a Concrete Slab) instead of the pressure-treated skids and floor\njoists; this will actually result in a sturdier—more permanent— structure.\nOtherwise, for a freestanding shed, the foundation should be constructed on\nconcrete piers or poured footings (see Pouring Concrete Footings & Piers). Be\naware that building on footings will raise the height of the shed up from the\nground.\n\nMaterials Required To build the shed shown here, you’ll need:\n\n• Pressure-treated 4x4s for skids • Pressure-treated 2x4s for floor joists •\n3/4′′ Tongue-and-groove plywood for flooring • 2x4s For studs, header,\nrafters, top plate nailers, etc. • T1-11 Plywood siding • 1/2′′ CDX plywood\nfor roof sheathing • 1×3 Door trim • 1×4 Fascia and rake trim • Asphalt\nshingle roofing, 15-pound felt, metal framing brackets, door hinges and latch,\nmiscellaneous galvanized nails and outdoor screws, and paint, stain, or\npreservative.\n\nBasic Lean-To Shed Construction Diagram\n\n## Building the Shed\n\nThe shed shown here is 6 feet long by 4 feet wide. You can easily expand its\ndimensions in increments of 2 or 4 feet.\n\n1 To construct the framing for the shed’s floor, cut two pressure-treated 2 by\n4s to a length of 6 feet for the rim joists. Then position six 45-inch-long\nfloor joists between the rim joists 16 inches on center (with the exception of\nthe last one, as shown in the floor joist detail at right). Attach them with\n16d nails.\n\nShed Floor Joist Detail\n\nCut two pressure-treated 4 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the skids. Position\nthe frame on the skids, and, when square, toenail the floor joists to the\nskids.\n\nAttach 3/4-inch tongue-and-groove plywood flooring onto the frame.\n\n2 The walls for the shed are constructed separately and then raised onto the\nframe.\n\nShed Wall Framing Diagram: Front\n\nStart with the back wall, which is 8 feet high with 6-foot-long top and bottom\nplates and four studs placed 18 inches on center. The tops of the wall studs\nare mitered at 18 degrees. Attach the wall to the floor frame and temporarily\nbrace it.\n\nThe front wall has a 6-foot-long top plate and two 1-foot-long bottom plates,\nleaving space for a 4-foot-wide door. The four wall studs are 81 1/4 inches\nlong; install them as shown in the front framing detail at left. Next, install\nthe 73-inch-long jack studs, and then attach the 51-inch-long doubled header.\nFinally, attach the 6 1/4-inch-long cripple studs.\n\nRaise the front wall, attach it to the floor, and temporarily brace it.\n\nThe side walls have top and bottom plates 41 inches long and studs 81 1/4\ninches tall. Raise them, attach them to the floor, and temporarily brace them\nif needed. When all wall sections are square, attach them at the corners with\nscrews.\n\nLean-To Shed Rafter Dimensions\n\n3 The frame of the roof consists of four 2-by-4 rafters cut so that they rest\non the front- and rear-wall top plates, as shown in the rafter detail at\nright. Install a gable stud directly over the center studs on both side walls\nto fit between the end rafter and the top plate. Install the sub-fascia and\nthen the fascia to the front ends of the rafters.\n\n4 Position pieces of T1-11 siding on the front and sides of the shed so that\nthey are flush with the bottom of the rim joists. Attach the siding with 8d\ngalvanized nails spaced every 8 inches.\n\nCover the rear wall with 1/2-inch CDX plywood from the bottom of the rim\njoists to the tops of the rafter ends.\n\n5 Sheath the rafters with 1/2-inch CDX plywood; stagger the joints so that\nnone end up on a rafter. Nail them in place with 6d nails. Attach rake trim to\ncover the exposed edges of the roof sheathing, and install drip edging. Roll\nout 15-pound roofing felt, and apply the shingles (see Asphalt Roof\nInstallation).\n\n6 Construct the doors from T1-11 siding, and trim them out with 1 by 3s. Add\ncross trim in the centers of both doors, and install the door latches. Use\nstrap hinges to attach the doors.\n\nFeatured Resource: Find a Pre-Screened Local Shed Builder\n\nNEXT SEE:\n\n• Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse • Building a Shed or Playhouse •\nFastening a Patio Roof to the House • How to Build a Horse Barn\n\nAbout Don Vandervort\n\nDon Vandervort has developed his expertise for more than 30 years, as Building\nEditor for Sunset Books, Senior Editor at Home Magazine, author of more than\n30 home improvement books, and writer of countless magazine articles. He\nappeared for 3 seasons on HGTV’s “The Fix,” and served as MSN’s home expert\nfor several years. Don founded HomeTips in 1996. Read more about Don\nVandervort\n\n### Next See:\n\n * Choosing the Right Design Help for Your Remodel\n * Greenhouse Kits: Let’s Get Growing!\n * 10 Steps to a Successful Bath Remodel\n * Patio Roof Cover Sheds Water, Allows Natural Light\n\nTagged lean to shedshedsheds\n\n * #### Why We’re Experts\n\nDon Vandervort writes or edits every article at HomeTips. Don has: • Over 30\nyears’ experience as a remodeler and builder. • Written more than 30 home\nimprovement books. • Served as Senior Editor at Home Magazine. • Appeared as a\nsegment host on HGTV’s “The Fix” for 3 seasons. • Been a featured expert on\nMSN.com, US News, and many others. • Learn more about the trusted HomeTips\nbrand!\n\n * ## Related Articles\n\n * ### Horse Barn Construction\n\n * ### How to Build a Gable Shed or Playhouse\n\n * ### Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse\n\n * ### Building a Shed or Playhouse\n\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n\nHomeTips articles may contain links to Amazon.com and other partner programs\nthat provide helpful products and services. As an Amazon Associate, HomeTips\nearns from qualifying purchases which allows us to continue creating helpful\nDIY content.\n\n * report this ad\n\n * ## Search Expert Articles\n\nreport this ad\n\n * About HomeTips\n * Advertise\n * Site Map\n * Copyright © 2020, HomeTips LLC\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact HomeTips\n\nx\n\nx\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509214723/https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/","parsed_text":{"title":"How To Build A Lean To Shed [Complete Step-by-Step Guide]","passages":["Recently I was doing some research on how to build a Lean To shed and what the best practices are. If you’ve already read my post about how I built my first shed, you may inquire why I need another one.","Well, over the last few years the original shed slowly filled up not only with my wife’s garden tools but also with the snow blower, generator, winter/summer tires for two cars, and some building supplies.","My wife says it’s her garden shed and my stuff is in her way! She showed me a picture of a plastic shed at a box store and told me it would be perfect if I got it for her, and it would be only for her gardening supplies and tools!","What an insult to me as a DIYer! To keep peace in the house and uphold my status as a handyman, I decided to build my wife a much better 4×8 Lean-to shed than any plastic one could be.","I began looking at our property and working out a building plan. I didn’t want it taking space that the kids and we use, nor could I put it in the far back corner and keep the peace. I looked at the existing 12×14 shed and the space around it.","The location was awesome, but I couldn’t build a stand-alone without cutting down a tree or messing with gardens and sight lines. Adding a lean-to to existing shed would be perfect! I could tuck it against the side wall, the only accessible wall.","The slope of the original shed, however, put some constraints on the Lean-to height, which would also impact the other dimensions. To get a usable height, the shed could only be 8-feet long. If I came out 4-feet, the slope would be about 2/12 – the minimum for low slope asphalt shingles.","The highest the Lean To roof could be against the existing wall was 83-inches. On a 4-foot run that would take 8-inches off at the outside wall, which impacts the door height (I’m 6’-2”...ummm... but my wife is 5’-3”J).","If I made it 4×8, I could use standard dimension materials and reduce the cost. The size would hold all the gardening tools, pots and planters, fertilizers, and maybe even a potting bench! Peace was just a saw-cut away!","Once I decided what and where to build, it was time to consider other factors affecting the design and placement of the Lean-to. The location of trees, bushes, and gardens I’d already considered, but the effect of frost on attached vs. unattached was equally important. My next decision was attached or free-standing, and did I need a permit.","According to our local regulations we can build 2 sheds less than 144 sq.ft. each on the property without a permit. So if I attach the lean-to shed to the existing 12×14 shed (which I had a permit for) a permit would be required. Check with your local building department; they can be quite helpful.","Size and style – different locations have different requirements regarding the size of outbuildings, the style acceptable in neighborhoods, even color and finishes permitted","Adds extra space to the lean-to as you don’t need to build the back wall, removing existing siding also adds some space","Frost heave in cold-climates may be an issue *Most house foundations are warm (heated) foundations reaching below frost levels. An unheated foundation may have to be even deeper to prevent frost heave or risk damage to both structures.","How to water and bug proof a wall built flush to another building, but not attached, if not far enough away to allow air movement","Concrete slab – a concrete slab is permanent, and makes a great shed floor, but could affect taxes. The structure could just sit on the level slab and still be moveable, so not taxable","I decided to go with my favorite deck blocks. I’d used them for the original shed, but had cemented in adjustable 4×4 deck supports to offset any settling issues. This time I’d do it the classic way – without adjustable inserts! It would keep the cost down.","I decided I would only need 2 rows of 3 blocks each to support the floor. The shed wouldn’t be very heavy, and nothing heavy would be stored in it, so additional support wasn’t needed.","I planned to use crushed gravel under the blocks to help with drainage and leveling. Use a crushed stone that has pieces 3/4” and smaller mixed with gravel dust, it compacts better, is easier to level, and drains well.","Start with a corner block. Dig out the first hole, set in the block and check the elevation of the floor using a 2×6. Make sure the block is deep enough to give the desired finished floor height. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the corner block, check elevation, and level it side to side and front to back.","Use the 2×6 to mark the placement of the holes for the next blocks. Dig the next hole in the row, add in the gravel, and place the block. Use the 2×6 to level with corner block and make sure the location is correct. Level it side-to-side and front to back, add or remove gravel to adjust the level.","Repeat the process for the last block in the row. Once it is set, use the 2×6 to ensure the row is level and where you want it.","Place a corner block, use the 2×6 on the corner block of the first row and locate and check for square. The 3-4-5 rule works well for this size (3-feet along the back row, 4-feet from back to the front row, and 5-feet diagonally connecting the 3’ and 4’ marks).","Dig out the hole, set in the block and check the floor elevation using the 2×6. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the block, check elevation and level with first-row corner block, and level it side to side and front to back.","Repeat the process for the remaining blocks, checking for location and level from second-row corner block and first row blocks.","I choose to build the floor frame using 2×6 single ply beams resting on each row of 3 deck blocks. I’d use Simpson Strong-Tie LUS26 joist hangers to attach the joists to the beams. The hangers would be attached to the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each. The Simpson SD9212 screws are code rated for shear-force use.","Pro Tip: Never use roofing nails! The heads often separate when driven against metal. Additionally, they are not shear-force rated for this use!","Mark beams going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4... Place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where the joists will be located, at 16-inch centers.","*This is where I decided to lay out some ground cloth to prevent weeds from growing. I covered the cloth with a thin layer of gravel. I wanted to make sure there was space for air to flow under the shed floor to help keep moisture down. I could have done it before building the frame, but making square and level adjustments would have been more difficult.","Install the joist hangers at the marks on the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!).","Once the frame is together, I checked for square and level, and made sure there was space for airflow between the joists and gravel.","For the floor of the shed, I followed the advice I wrote in the article about shed floor plywood thickness. Pressure treated 3⁄4” exterior grade (CDX) plywood is rot and moisture resistant. The heavier thickness won’t sag, and surface defects have been removed and replaced with football shaped plugs giving a smooth surface too.","The single sheet needed for the floor was simple to place and made squaring the frame easy. Use 2-1/2” galvanized nails or treated deck screws – I made sure they were rated for pressure treated use or they would quickly corrode. The nails or screws should be spaced 12-inches apart on the joists and beams. Be careful not to hit the nails attaching the joists to the beams.","With the floor built it was time to plan, layout, and build the walls. I decided to use the floor deck as a level space to assemble all the wall sections; much easier than on uneven ground. As part of the planning, I lay out the walls on paper so I can also do up a materials list. I hate having to drop what I’m doing and go to the lumber store because I’m a 2×4 short!","I was struggling with the 8-foot front wall layout and trying to limit waste and cost. I planned to use LP SmartSide panel siding which comes in 4×8 sheets. If I framed for a standard 36” door, I’d need 1 full sheet plus a 1-foot strip off a third, leaving almost a full sheet as waste or to store.","To save $45 on a full sheet, I’d need to build a 4-foot door. I could live with that! If I moved the door opening to be off center, with the door closer to one end, and if it was trimmed it could even be narrower, increasing storage potential inside.","A 96-inch long wall, less 48” for the 4×8 SmartSide, less door trim – 2 planks 1×4 (3.5”) = 7” + 1⁄4 space between doors, leaves a 40-3/4” wide door.","Using 16o.c. framing I’d need 3 2x4s (including the trimmer stud) on each side of the door opening to attach the SmartSide and trim to; that was doable!","The back wall was straightforward framing. Place the top and bottom plate together, mark both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where studs will be located.","Cut the studs and place them between the bottom and top plates. Fasten the outside studs to form the frame, and then fasten all studs. Square the wall and screw a 2x4x10 diagonally to keep the wall frame square and rigid. I then leaned it out of the way against the existing shed.","The two side walls were also straightforward framing. I just repeated the same steps as used to construct for back wall frame. Place them out of the way.","Lean the walls where they are easy to get, and so they can’t fall and be damaged or injure someone.","Having planned the front wall layout, I placed the top and bottom plates together. Marked where the king studs for the door would go, remembering not to mark for studs between them. Then I marked both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark – again this is where studs will be located.","Assemble the wall frame the same as the other three walls. I added an extra stud beside each king stud. I used two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh it out to 3-1⁄2” thick for the header. The header for the door goes between the two king studs, and then the trimmer studs get nailed into place. With everything nailed together, move the wall out of the way.","With the walls all framed, it was time to put them all together. The back wall would be impossible to finish once it was in place, so I had to sheath and waterproof it before raising it into place. LI laid the back wall on the floor platform. Removed the diagonal brace, and placed the 7/16” OSB sheathing so it goes past the bottom plate by 1-inch. I also used the OSB to help square the wall before nailing it on.","The 7/16”OSB was attached to the stud frame (including the bottom and top plate) using 3-inch 10d galvanized nails or screws.","To protect the “exterior” of the wall, I chose to use tar paper as a barrier against weather and moisture damage. I unrolled the 1^st or bottom row and stapled it to the OSB. I left enough of an overhang at both ends to wrap over the 2×4 stud.","I unrolled the 2^nd or middle row of tar paper and overlapped the lower layer by about 6-inches. Stapled it down and rolled out the last row. I let it overlap the middle row, so it was flush with the top edge of the OSB and stapled it down. Both rows should be as long as the first row too. Curl the ends down over the end 2×4 studs, and staple to hold.","I began assembling the walls with the sheathed and protected back wall. Lifted the wall and used a 2×4 to brace it upright. Aligned it with the floor edges, and used 3-1/2” 16d galvanized nails or coated (green) screws to secure the bottom plate to the floor and beam.","With the back wall nailed and braced into position, I placed the left wall onto the floor. Aligned it with the floor edge and back wall, and fastened it to the floor and joist using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws. I used the same fasteners to connect the end studs of the two walls. Plumbed and braced the walls.","I moved the right wall into place. Aligned the bottom edge and the back, and used 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws to fasten it to the joist and the back wall. Plumbed and braced as with the left wall.","I lifted the front wall into position; aligned it with the floor edge and side walls. Fastened the bottom plate to the front beam, and then to the side walls using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws.","I cut the top plates for the two side walls so they overlap the front wall. Used 3-inch nails to secure the top plates into place. The overlap ties the side wall more securely to the front wall.","I live in a snowy climate, and the lean-to roof slope gave me some concerns. The ideal roof slope for the climate is 5/12, or better. That means for every 12-inches (or foot) the roof runs; it goes up 5-inches. The steeper the slope, the faster it sheds snow, ice, and leaves, so less build-up.","The best I could do was a 2/12 slope. Any greater and even my wife would have to duck going in! The roof is narrow enough, and close enough to the ground, that if snow build-up got too great, I could use a snow rake to remove it. Plus, it wasn’t a big roof with the trusses/rafters unsupported for a long distance.","I checked the options for finishing the roof. The house and original shed had asphalt shingles, and I planned to use matching shingles if I could.","Asphalt shingles: manufacturers recommend a 4/12 slope or greater for asphalt shingles. The minimum rating is 2/12, and the shingle should be labeled “Low Slope”. The least expensive option, but only warrantied for 10 to 15 years.","Metal: low slope metal roofing is usually sheets of ribbed metal, known as standing seam, that are rated for slopes as low as 1⁄2”/12. It’s more expensive than asphalt shingles (between 2 and 8 times the cost) but longer lasting and is warrantied for 25 or more years.","Composite: composite shingles are more durable than asphalt shingles and are resistant to UV, mold, moss and algae damage. They are often made partly with recycled materials, and are even fire resistant! More expensive than the cost of steel roofing, and depending on the grade of composite shingle 8 to 32 times the cost of asphalt shingles. However, it is warrantied for 30 to 50 years.","It’s recommended that galvanized 10 to 12 gauge nails with a 3/8” head be used. The nails should be long enough to go 3/4” into the wood of the roof deck too. The nail head should sit flat and flush with the shingle when driven in.","To maximize the back wall height, and due to the roof overhang of the existing shed the lean-to butts against, I decided to attach the rafters to the double top plate using Simpson Strong-Tie ridge rafter connectors. The 2×4 rafters would be sheathed with 19/32 tongue and groove OSB, and then I’d use asphalt shingles to finish the roof.","The ridge rafter hangers may be secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.","The rafters were attached to front wall top plate with Simpson Hurricane Ties and secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.","Step-by-Step process I used the practices laid out in my article about shed roof framing to calculate the length of the rafters and to layout and cut the angles of the birdsmouth. Once a pattern rafter was cut, it was used to mark all the remaining common rafters. For short rafters, it may be easier to set one in place and use a square to mark the cuts, and then use it as a pattern after making all the cuts.","To select the lumber for the rafters I use a Rafter Span Table to determine the spacing and dimension lumber for your rafters. The dimension lumber needed for the rafter is determined by the span or unsupported distance the rafter must run. For my lean-to 2×4 lumber at 16”-centers are acceptable as the distance is less than 5-feet.","The length of the rafter from the front edge of the back wall double plate to the front edge of the double plate of the front wall I calculated using the total rise and the total run it traverses. A bit of middle school math called the Pythagorean Theorem and a calculator, or use a construction calculator, or a free one online rafter calculator, to help determine the length. This also identifies where the notch or back of the birdsmouth begins.","To calculate the length of the rafter I multiply the (rise x rise) + (run x run), find the square root, and I have the distance the rafter must span – remember to use the same units! For my rafter it was (8”x8”) + (48”x48”) = 2368”, find the square root and the span is 48.66” or 48-21/32”+/-. This is rafter length before adding the extra distance for the eave overhang.","The acceptable spacing according to the Rafter Span Tables can be 12” or 16” with 2x4s. I chose 16” centers so the rafters would sit over top of each of the studs, improving the load transfer and increasing the roof support.","To calculate the plumb angle for the rafter ends and the birdsmouth I use a framing square.I layout the cut for the ridge end of the rafter first, and then mark where the birdsmouth begins. I set the long arm of the square against the bottom side of the rafter at 12”, and align the short arm with the top corner of the rafter end. Keeping the 12” and corner reference, I gently slide the short arm down until it sits at the bottom edge of the rafter at the desired rise of the roof – 2”s for my roof. I double check the 12” and corner reference and the rise reference and draw a line from the upper corner down the short arm. That is the plumb line for the rafter cut.","The location of the back of the birdsmouth that hooks over the top plate of the outer wall is where the mark for the length of the rafter is. I draw a plumb line on the rafter at that mark similar to the ridge end of the rafter.","The minimum thickness of the rafter sitting on the top plate according to most building codes is 1-1/2”s. However, the rule of thumb is that the cut should not be deeper than a third of the thickness of the rafter. For a 2×4 rafter that would be 1-3/16”s deep.","I use the building square on the underside of the rafter with the short arm down. I move the inside of the short arm up the plumb line from the rafter bottom to the desired depth – checking the square is aligned on the plumb line. I mark a line along the rafter where the underside of the long arm of the square sits. The two lines form the cut out for the birdsmouth.","I determine the length of the overhang or eves, and align the square to similar to cutting the ridge end of the rafter and mark the cut for the tail of the rafter.","The two end clips for the side rafters have one wing cut off – make sure to cut off the left from one clip and the right from another clip.","I installed the rafter clips at 16-inch centers, above each of the studs. Securing the rafter hangers with 2-1/2” 8d or 10d galvanized nails or 2-1/2” Simpson SD Structural Connector screws.","I placed the rafters into the clips and fastened them with 1-1/2” 8d galvanized nails or 1-1/2” SD Connector screws.","I could have attached the rafters to the front wall plate using 16d (3-1/2”) nails to toenail them into place. Instead, I used Hurricane Ties to secure them and to prevent any wind lift, also less chance of splitting the rafter. 2-1/2” and 1-1/2” SD Structural Connector screws fastened the Ties to the top plate and the rafters respectively.","For sheathing a roof either plywood or OSB are fine. The building code sets minimum thicknesses based on snow load and rafter spacing. I used 19/32” T&G OSB, it’s less expensive than plywood, plus I had half a sheet left over from another job! (I never throw out wood that could be used someday!)","I tacked the fascia into place and used clamps to hold the bottom sheet of sheathing in place after aligning it. I measure the next piece, cut and slid it into place. Because the lean too was tight to the existing shed and its roof overhang, I secured the upper piece first. The lower piece was easier to slide up into the groove channel from below. I removed the fascia so it wouldn’t be damaged if I needed to persuade the lower piece into the groove. Use 2-1/2” (8d) galvanized nails to fasten the OSB to the rafters.","I cut the roof felt on the ground, ensuring it had about 4 to 6 inches extra at both ends. Rolled out the first row, stapled (use stainless steel staples) it into place. The second row I rolled out, so it overlapped the first and stapled too.","LP SmartSide panels or T1-11 panels? What’s the difference? T1-11 panels came out in the 1960s and are plywood based panels that have grooves cut into them. They look like board and batten siding on a vertical application, or shiplap siding on the horizontal.","LP SmartSide panels look like T1-11 panels but are made of OSB based material. However, the OSB strands are coated with zinc borate and then fused together with a resin mixed with marine wax. The panel more water and insect resistant than T1-11. The panel is then given a resin-saturated Smart Guard overlay for painting and protection.","The SmartSide panels are also less likely to develop cracks or layer separation than the T1-11. One other side issue, porcupines like the glue in the plywood T1-11 panels, but don’t like the resin in SmartSide panels.","I decided to use LP SmartSide panels which are 3/8-inch 4×8 sheets. I could have used vinyl siding, but time and cost were determining factors. I needed 3 SmartSide panels which cost $45 in my local store, vinyl would cost $220 -$280, and I’d still need to sheath it! Time and money!","To make installation easier, I attached support for the side panels 1-1/2” below the bottom plate. I stood the side sheets up and used claps to hold them in position while I marked them for cutting.","The manufacturer suggests applying glue to the studs for added adhesion strength. They recommend that 1-1/2” screws or 2” galvanized nails be used and spaced every 12-inches. All cuts should also be painted, and all openings sealed or flashed to prevent moisture damage.","With the SmartSiding attached, I installed the wall-roof trim on the side walls flush to the roof sheathing and fastened the fascia board into place. I then trimmed the roofing felt so the flashing and drip edge could be installed.","Fascia and Rake Fascia Before installing the flashing, the rake fascia (gable end fascia) had to be fitted and cut. I marked the angles with a speed square and cut the back end. I held the rake board flush with the roof deck, verified the front angle and length for both ends, and then cut both rake fascia boards. I use 8d galvanized nails to secure both rake fascia boards into place, and the fascia board to the front of the rafters.","I installed the drip edge on the front side first and used aluminum nails to fasten it. It should go under roofing felt to allow the roof to shed moisture properly.","I choose architectural roofing shingles to match the other buildings on my property. Using a scrap piece of sheathing as a cutting board, I trimmed the tabs off three shingles – enough to do the first row at the drip edge. The trimmed strips were installed upside down, so the sticky side was up, and secured with 1-1/4” roofing nails so 3/8” overlapped the front of the drip edge.","I trimmed the tabs off another 3 shingles and nailed them upside right on top of the upside down shingles as a starter strip. Offset the next row by 1/3 of a shingle to protect the seams and nail the next row into place, keeping it aligned with the chalk line. I continued shingling the roof using a chalk line to keep the rows straight.","The tools for shingling a roof are fairly simple, a hammer, a metal speed square, chalk line, knife, and shingle nails.","Trim the tabs off enough shingles to do the first row twice. One set goes upside down, and the other set goes upside right on top of the first set as the starter strip. The first full shingle is offset by a 1/3^rd and nail into place.","I sanded 1x4x8 lumber to use for the trim, the same as I’d used for the fascia and rake fascia. I cut the pieces for the front corner trim first so the front board would overlap the side board. Angle cut the top of the side trim boards, then marked and cut the length. I used 8d galvanized nails to attach the trim through the SmartSide and into the studs. One nail every 12-inches beginning 2-inches from the ends to avoid splitting.","The back two corners I trimmed and nailed the same as the side of the front corner. The trim on the door opening was straightforward. I installed the header trim 1-inch above the door opening and made it long enough to overlap the top of the side casing trim. I measured and cut the casing trim, butted them under the header trim, and nailed the door trim the same way the rest of the trim was installed.","With all the trim attached, it was time to prime it for painting. A brush for edging and a roller for the face make quick work of the task.","With the trim primed and caulked, it was time to figure out what kind of paint to use. The siding was prefinished, but it could also be painted any color you choose. An acrylic latex paint designed for wood composites is highly recommended if painting the SmartSide panels. It worked great on the primed trim too.","The finishing touch was the double shed door. Having built them for two previous sheds, I decided the tried and true would be best. I’ll give a brief explanation and save the detailed explanation for a separate article on how to build double shed doors.","I used tongue-and-groove 9/16”x6”x8’ pine boards to make the two 20-1/4”x168” door panels for the 40-3/4” door opening. Each board was glued at the groove, and the panel reinforced with 3 horizontal and two diagonal battens on the back side of the door, making the outer face nice and clean. I made sure the diagonal braces pointed down and into the hanging jamb.","The hardware is common spring-loaded gate hinges. For added security, I use 2 galvanized bolts per hinge, one in the hinge plate and one in the tee arm. I also add a hasp and lock to keep it closed so little hands can’t get at something that could harm them.","I hope you enjoyed this article and it was informative and interesting. If you know someone who is planning to build a lean-to shed, please share with them. Your feedback and comments are greatly appreciated. Remember to check back soon for our article on how to build shed doors.","Eugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking.","Hi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have built two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool stuff and help my wife with her garden. 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If you’ve already read my post about how I built my first\nshed, you may inquire why I need another one.\n\nWell, over the last few years the original shed slowly filled up not only with\nmy wife’s garden tools but also with the snow blower, generator, winter/summer\ntires for two cars, and some building supplies.\n\nMy wife says it’s her garden shed and my stuff is in her way! She showed me a\npicture of a plastic shed at a box store and told me it would be perfect if I\ngot it for her, and it would be only for her gardening supplies and tools!\n\nWhat an insult to me as a DIYer! To keep peace in the house and uphold my\nstatus as a handyman, I decided to build my wife a much better 4×8 Lean-to\nshed than any plastic one could be.\n\nThis post will guide you through the main steps of building this type of shed\nfrom scratch.\n\nQuick Navigation\n\n * Lean To Shed Requirements and Design\n * Considerations for Building Lean To Sheds\n * How To Build A Lean To Shed: Step by Step\n * Step 1: Build Shed Foundation\n * Step 2: Building Floor Frame\n * Step 3: Wall Framing\n * Step 4: Building Lean To Roof\n * Step 5: Install Roof Sheathing\n * Step 6: Install Siding\n * Step 7: Install Shingles\n * Step 8: Install Trim\n * Step 9: Caulking\n * Step 10: Paint Siding and Trim\n * Step 11: Building Double Door\n * Step 12: Install Shed Doors\n\n## Lean To Shed Requirements and Design\n\nI began looking at our property and working out a building plan. I didn’t want\nit taking space that the kids and we use, nor could I put it in the far back\ncorner and keep the peace. I looked at the existing 12×14 shed and the space\naround it.\n\nThe location was awesome, but I couldn’t build a stand-alone without cutting\ndown a tree or messing with gardens and sight lines. Adding a lean-to to\nexisting shed would be perfect! I could tuck it against the side wall, the\nonly accessible wall.\n\nThe slope of the original shed, however, put some constraints on the Lean-to\nheight, which would also impact the other dimensions. To get a usable height,\nthe shed could only be 8-feet long. If I came out 4-feet, the slope would be\nabout 2/12 – the minimum for low slope asphalt shingles.\n\nThe highest the Lean To roof could be against the existing wall was 83-inches.\nOn a 4-foot run that would take 8-inches off at the outside wall, which\nimpacts the door height (I’m 6’-2”...ummm... but my wife is 5’-3”J).\n\nIf I made it 4×8, I could use standard dimension materials and reduce the\ncost. The size would hold all the gardening tools, pots and planters,\nfertilizers, and maybe even a potting bench! Peace was just a saw-cut away!\n\n## Considerations for Building Lean To Sheds\n\nOnce I decided what and where to build, it was time to consider other factors\naffecting the design and placement of the Lean-to. The location of trees,\nbushes, and gardens I’d already considered, but the effect of frost on\nattached vs. unattached was equally important. My next decision was attached\nor free-standing, and did I need a permit.\n\nAccording to our local regulations we can build 2 sheds less than 144 sq.ft.\neach on the property without a permit. So if I attach the lean-to shed to the\nexisting 12×14 shed (which I had a permit for) a permit would be required.\nCheck with your local building department; they can be quite helpful.\n\nLocal Restrictions:\n\n * Permanent foundation – a permanent foundation has tax implications in many locations\n * Auxiliary buildings – some areas may restrict the number of structures allowed on a property\n * Size and style – different locations have different requirements regarding the size of outbuildings, the style acceptable in neighborhoods, even color and finishes permitted\n * Clearances – some local ordinances dictate the clearances between buildings, property lines, and utilities\n\nAttached to Another Building:\n\n * Hangs on existing wall\n * Adds extra space to the lean-to as you don’t need to build the back wall, removing existing siding also adds some space\n * Only building 3 walls, reduced cost of building a separate back wall\n * May be insurance and tax implications as it becomes a more permanent structure\n * Frost heave in cold-climates may be an issue *Most house foundations are warm (heated) foundations reaching below frost levels. An unheated foundation may have to be even deeper to prevent frost heave or risk damage to both structures.\n\nFree-standing:\n\n * Easier to move or remove\n * Separate foundation so fewer issues with frost heave\n * How to water and bug proof a wall built flush to another building, but not attached, if not far enough away to allow air movement\n * Building 4 walls increase the cost\n * Separate foundation so more building freedom\n\nFoundation Options:\n\n * Concrete slab – a concrete slab is permanent, and makes a great shed floor, but could affect taxes. The structure could just sit on the level slab and still be moveable, so not taxable\n * Deck blocks – inexpensive and easy to install, allow airflow under the shed to reduce moisture and rot\n * Skid – easier to relocate shed, airflow under the shed, quick and easy to build\n * Gravel pad – easy to build, still need to build a floor and lift it off the gravel\n\n## How To Build A Lean To Shed: Step by Step\n\nWhat You’ll Need :\n\n * Tape Measure\n * 48-Inch Level\n * Circular Saw or Miter Saw\n * Nail Gun\n * Drill Driver/Impact Kit\n\n## Step 1: Build Shed Foundation\n\nI decided to go with my favorite deck blocks. I’d used them for the original\nshed, but had cemented in adjustable 4×4 deck supports to offset any settling\nissues. This time I’d do it the classic way – without adjustable inserts! It\nwould keep the cost down.\n\nI decided I would only need 2 rows of 3 blocks each to support the floor. The\nshed wouldn’t be very heavy, and nothing heavy would be stored in it, so\nadditional support wasn’t needed.\n\nI planned to use crushed gravel under the blocks to help with drainage and\nleveling. Use a crushed stone that has pieces 3/4” and smaller mixed with\ngravel dust, it compacts better, is easier to level, and drains well.\n\nStart with the row closest to existing shed:\n\n * Start with a corner block. Dig out the first hole, set in the block and check the elevation of the floor using a 2×6. Make sure the block is deep enough to give the desired finished floor height. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the corner block, check elevation, and level it side to side and front to back.\n\n * Use the 2×6 to mark the placement of the holes for the next blocks. Dig the next hole in the row, add in the gravel, and place the block. Use the 2×6 to level with corner block and make sure the location is correct. Level it side-to-side and front to back, add or remove gravel to adjust the level.\n\n * Repeat the process for the last block in the row. Once it is set, use the 2×6 to ensure the row is level and where you want it.\n\nThe second row:\n\n * Place a corner block, use the 2×6 on the corner block of the first row and locate and check for square. The 3-4-5 rule works well for this size (3-feet along the back row, 4-feet from back to the front row, and 5-feet diagonally connecting the 3’ and 4’ marks).\n\n * Dig out the hole, set in the block and check the floor elevation using the 2×6. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the block, check elevation and level with first-row corner block, and level it side to side and front to back.\n\n * Repeat the process for the remaining blocks, checking for location and level from second-row corner block and first row blocks.\n\n * You could do all 4 corner blocks first, then the middle blocks.\n\nI dug the hole, filled it with a couple of inches of gravel, and placed deck\nblock.\n\nI checked the level between blocks and between rows.\n\nI laid out the two beams and checked for level...again.\n\nHere’s the video:\n\n## Step 2: Building Floor Frame\n\nI choose to build the floor frame using 2×6 single ply beams resting on each\nrow of 3 deck blocks. I’d use Simpson Strong-Tie LUS26 joist hangers to attach\nthe joists to the beams. The hangers would be attached to the beams using 4\nSimpson SD9212 screws in each. The Simpson SD9212 screws are code rated for\nshear-force use.\n\nPro Tip: Never use roofing nails! The heads often separate when driven against\nmetal. Additionally, they are not shear-force rated for this use!\n\nSource: Strongtie.com\n\nStep by step process:\n\n * Install the two beams and check for level, adjust if needed.\n * Cut and install the two side/end joists.\n * Cut and install the middle joist ant the middle deck blocks.\n * Mark beams going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4... Place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where the joists will be located, at 16-inch centers.\n * Fasten the end and middle joists to the beams using galvanized 3”-10d nails.\n * Square the frame using the 3-4-5 rule, and check and adjust level if needed.\n\n*This is where I decided to lay out some ground cloth to prevent weeds from growing. I covered the cloth with a thin layer of gravel. I wanted to make sure there was space for air to flow under the shed floor to help keep moisture down. I could have done it before building the frame, but making square and level adjustments would have been more difficult.\n\n * Install the joist hangers at the marks on the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!).\n * Cut the joists and place into the hangers.\n * Toe-nail the joists through the joist hangers into the beams with 4 galvanized 3”-10d nails.\n * Check for square and level...again!\n\nSource: Strongtie.com\n\nPro Tip: Use an End Cut preservative to seal all cuts before assembling the\nframe.\n\nI seal all saw cuts with a wood preservative.\n\nI laid out the garden cloth and covered it with a thin layer of gravel.\n\nUse 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!) and toe-nail using\nfour 3” 10d galvanized nails.\n\nOnce the frame is together, I checked for square and level, and made sure\nthere was space for airflow between the joists and gravel.\n\nShed Floor\n\nFor the floor of the shed, I followed the advice I wrote in the article about\nshed floor plywood thickness. Pressure treated 3⁄4” exterior grade (CDX)\nplywood is rot and moisture resistant. The heavier thickness won’t sag, and\nsurface defects have been removed and replaced with football shaped plugs\ngiving a smooth surface too.\n\nThe single sheet needed for the floor was simple to place and made squaring\nthe frame easy. Use 2-1/2” galvanized nails or treated deck screws – I made\nsure they were rated for pressure treated use or they would quickly corrode.\nThe nails or screws should be spaced 12-inches apart on the joists and beams.\nBe careful not to hit the nails attaching the joists to the beams.\n\nPro Tip: To learn more about what type of fasteners to use for shed building\nread my post here.\n\n## Step 3: Wall Framing\n\nWith the floor built it was time to plan, layout, and build the walls. I\ndecided to use the floor deck as a level space to assemble all the wall\nsections; much easier than on uneven ground. As part of the planning, I lay\nout the walls on paper so I can also do up a materials list. I hate having to\ndrop what I’m doing and go to the lumber store because I’m a 2×4 short!\n\nI was struggling with the 8-foot front wall layout and trying to limit waste\nand cost. I planned to use LP SmartSide panel siding which comes in 4×8\nsheets. If I framed for a standard 36” door, I’d need 1 full sheet plus a\n1-foot strip off a third, leaving almost a full sheet as waste or to store.\n\nTo save $45 on a full sheet, I’d need to build a 4-foot door. I could live\nwith that! If I moved the door opening to be off center, with the door closer\nto one end, and if it was trimmed it could even be narrower, increasing\nstorage potential inside.\n\nIn the end:\n\nA 96-inch long wall, less 48” for the 4×8 SmartSide, less door trim – 2 planks\n1×4 (3.5”) = 7” + 1⁄4 space between doors, leaves a 40-3/4” wide door.\n\nUsing 16o.c. framing I’d need 3 2x4s (including the trimmer stud) on each side\nof the door opening to attach the SmartSide and trim to; that was doable!\n\nBack Wall\n\nThe back wall was straightforward framing. Place the top and bottom plate\ntogether, mark both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4,\nand place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where studs will be\nlocated.\n\nCut the studs and place them between the bottom and top plates. Fasten the\noutside studs to form the frame, and then fasten all studs. Square the wall\nand screw a 2x4x10 diagonally to keep the wall frame square and rigid. I then\nleaned it out of the way against the existing shed.\n\nSide Walls\n\nThe two side walls were also straightforward framing. I just repeated the same\nsteps as used to construct for back wall frame. Place them out of the way.\n\nThe side walls were straightforward framing.\n\nLean the walls where they are easy to get, and so they can’t fall and be\ndamaged or injure someone.\n\nFront Wall\n\nHaving planned the front wall layout, I placed the top and bottom plates\ntogether. Marked where the king studs for the door would go, remembering not\nto mark for studs between them. Then I marked both plates going from left to\nright – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark –\nagain this is where studs will be located.\n\nAssemble the wall frame the same as the other three walls. I added an extra\nstud beside each king stud. I used two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh\nit out to 3-1⁄2” thick for the header. The header for the door goes between\nthe two king studs, and then the trimmer studs get nailed into place. With\neverything nailed together, move the wall out of the way.\n\nThe front wall before the double stud and trimmer stud were added.\n\nThe header is two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh it out to 3-1⁄2”\nthick.\n\nWith the walls all framed, it was time to put them all together. The back wall\nwould be impossible to finish once it was in place, so I had to sheath and\nwaterproof it before raising it into place. LI laid the back wall on the floor\nplatform. Removed the diagonal brace, and placed the 7/16” OSB sheathing so it\ngoes past the bottom plate by 1-inch. I also used the OSB to help square the\nwall before nailing it on.\n\nThe 7/16”OSB was attached to the stud frame (including the bottom and top\nplate) using 3-inch 10d galvanized nails or screws.\n\nAttach Tar Paper\n\nTo protect the “exterior” of the wall, I chose to use tar paper as a barrier\nagainst weather and moisture damage. I unrolled the 1^st or bottom row and\nstapled it to the OSB. I left enough of an overhang at both ends to wrap over\nthe 2×4 stud.\n\nI unrolled the 2^nd or middle row of tar paper and overlapped the lower layer\nby about 6-inches. Stapled it down and rolled out the last row. I let it\noverlap the middle row, so it was flush with the top edge of the OSB and\nstapled it down. Both rows should be as long as the first row too. Curl the\nends down over the end 2×4 studs, and staple to hold.\n\nWalls Assembly\n\nI began assembling the walls with the sheathed and protected back wall. Lifted\nthe wall and used a 2×4 to brace it upright. Aligned it with the floor edges,\nand used 3-1/2” 16d galvanized nails or coated (green) screws to secure the\nbottom plate to the floor and beam.\n\nWith the back wall nailed and braced into position, I placed the left wall\nonto the floor. Aligned it with the floor edge and back wall, and fastened it\nto the floor and joist using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws. I used\nthe same fasteners to connect the end studs of the two walls. Plumbed and\nbraced the walls.\n\nI moved the right wall into place. Aligned the bottom edge and the back, and\nused 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws to fasten it to the joist and the\nback wall. Plumbed and braced as with the left wall.\n\nI lifted the front wall into position; aligned it with the floor edge and side\nwalls. Fastened the bottom plate to the front beam, and then to the side walls\nusing 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws.\n\nI cut the top plates for the two side walls so they overlap the front wall.\nUsed 3-inch nails to secure the top plates into place. The overlap ties the\nside wall more securely to the front wall.\n\n## Step 4: Building Lean To Roof\n\nI live in a snowy climate, and the lean-to roof slope gave me some concerns.\nThe ideal roof slope for the climate is 5/12, or better. That means for every\n12-inches (or foot) the roof runs; it goes up 5-inches. The steeper the slope,\nthe faster it sheds snow, ice, and leaves, so less build-up.\n\nThe best I could do was a 2/12 slope. Any greater and even my wife would have\nto duck going in! The roof is narrow enough, and close enough to the ground,\nthat if snow build-up got too great, I could use a snow rake to remove it.\nPlus, it wasn’t a big roof with the trusses/rafters unsupported for a long\ndistance.\n\nI checked the options for finishing the roof. The house and original shed had\nasphalt shingles, and I planned to use matching shingles if I could.\n\nMaterial options:\n\n * Asphalt shingles: manufacturers recommend a 4/12 slope or greater for asphalt shingles. The minimum rating is 2/12, and the shingle should be labeled “Low Slope”. The least expensive option, but only warrantied for 10 to 15 years.\n\n * Metal: low slope metal roofing is usually sheets of ribbed metal, known as standing seam, that are rated for slopes as low as 1⁄2”/12. It’s more expensive than asphalt shingles (between 2 and 8 times the cost) but longer lasting and is warrantied for 25 or more years.\n\n * Composite: composite shingles are more durable than asphalt shingles and are resistant to UV, mold, moss and algae damage. They are often made partly with recycled materials, and are even fire resistant! More expensive than the cost of steel roofing, and depending on the grade of composite shingle 8 to 32 times the cost of asphalt shingles. However, it is warrantied for 30 to 50 years.\n\nSource: BP Canada\n\nWarning: Never use asphalt shingles on a slope less than 2/12!\n\nIt’s recommended that galvanized 10 to 12 gauge nails with a 3/8” head be\nused. The nails should be long enough to go 3/4” into the wood of the roof\ndeck too. The nail head should sit flat and flush with the shingle when driven\nin.\n\nSource: BP Canada\n\nLean To Roof Framing\n\nTo maximize the back wall height, and due to the roof overhang of the existing\nshed the lean-to butts against, I decided to attach the rafters to the double\ntop plate using Simpson Strong-Tie ridge rafter connectors. The 2×4 rafters\nwould be sheathed with 19/32 tongue and groove OSB, and then I’d use asphalt\nshingles to finish the roof.\n\nThe ridge rafter hangers may be secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD\nStructural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\n\nThe rafters were attached to front wall top plate with Simpson Hurricane Ties\nand secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or\ngalvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\n\nSource: Strongtie.com\n\nStep-by-Step process I used the practices laid out in my article about shed\nroof framing to calculate the length of the rafters and to layout and cut the\nangles of the birdsmouth. Once a pattern rafter was cut, it was used to mark\nall the remaining common rafters. For short rafters, it may be easier to set\none in place and use a square to mark the cuts, and then use it as a pattern\nafter making all the cuts.\n\n#### Select the Lumber\n\nTo select the lumber for the rafters I use a Rafter Span Table to determine\nthe spacing and dimension lumber for your rafters. The dimension lumber needed\nfor the rafter is determined by the span or unsupported distance the rafter\nmust run. For my lean-to 2×4 lumber at 16”-centers are acceptable as the\ndistance is less than 5-feet.\n\n#### Determine Length and Spacing\n\nThe length of the rafter from the front edge of the back wall double plate to\nthe front edge of the double plate of the front wall I calculated using the\ntotal rise and the total run it traverses. A bit of middle school math called\nthe Pythagorean Theorem and a calculator, or use a construction calculator, or\na free one online rafter calculator, to help determine the length. This also\nidentifies where the notch or back of the birdsmouth begins.\n\nTo calculate the length of the rafter I multiply the (rise x rise) + (run x\nrun), find the square root, and I have the distance the rafter must span –\nremember to use the same units! For my rafter it was (8”x8”) + (48”x48”) =\n2368”, find the square root and the span is 48.66” or 48-21/32”+/-. This is\nrafter length before adding the extra distance for the eave overhang.\n\nThe acceptable spacing according to the Rafter Span Tables can be 12” or 16”\nwith 2x4s. I chose 16” centers so the rafters would sit over top of each of\nthe studs, improving the load transfer and increasing the roof support.\n\n#### Cut Plumb Angles\n\nTo calculate the plumb angle for the rafter ends and the birdsmouth I use a\nframing square.I layout the cut for the ridge end of the rafter first, and\nthen mark where the birdsmouth begins. I set the long arm of the square\nagainst the bottom side of the rafter at 12”, and align the short arm with the\ntop corner of the rafter end. Keeping the 12” and corner reference, I gently\nslide the short arm down until it sits at the bottom edge of the rafter at the\ndesired rise of the roof – 2”s for my roof. I double check the 12” and corner\nreference and the rise reference and draw a line from the upper corner down\nthe short arm. That is the plumb line for the rafter cut.\n\n#### Mark and Cut a Birdsmouth\n\nThe location of the back of the birdsmouth that hooks over the top plate of\nthe outer wall is where the mark for the length of the rafter is. I draw a\nplumb line on the rafter at that mark similar to the ridge end of the rafter.\n\nThe minimum thickness of the rafter sitting on the top plate according to most\nbuilding codes is 1-1/2”s. However, the rule of thumb is that the cut should\nnot be deeper than a third of the thickness of the rafter. For a 2×4 rafter\nthat would be 1-3/16”s deep.\n\nI use the building square on the underside of the rafter with the short arm\ndown. I move the inside of the short arm up the plumb line from the rafter\nbottom to the desired depth – checking the square is aligned on the plumb\nline. I mark a line along the rafter where the underside of the long arm of\nthe square sits. The two lines form the cut out for the birdsmouth.\n\nI determine the length of the overhang or eves, and align the square to\nsimilar to cutting the ridge end of the rafter and mark the cut for the tail\nof the rafter.\n\nThe rafters cut, notched, and ready to install.\n\nThe two end clips for the side rafters have one wing cut off – make sure to\ncut off the left from one clip and the right from another clip.\n\nI installed the rafter clips at 16-inch centers, above each of the studs.\nSecuring the rafter hangers with 2-1/2” 8d or 10d galvanized nails or 2-1/2”\nSimpson SD Structural Connector screws.\n\nI placed the rafters into the clips and fastened them with 1-1/2” 8d\ngalvanized nails or 1-1/2” SD Connector screws.\n\nI could have attached the rafters to the front wall plate using 16d (3-1/2”)\nnails to toenail them into place. Instead, I used Hurricane Ties to secure\nthem and to prevent any wind lift, also less chance of splitting the rafter.\n2-1/2” and 1-1/2” SD Structural Connector screws fastened the Ties to the top\nplate and the rafters respectively.\n\nTo secure the two end rafters I used “L” brackets with 1-1/2” SD connector\nscrews.\n\n## Step 5: Install Roof Sheathing\n\nFor sheathing a roof either plywood or OSB are fine. The building code sets\nminimum thicknesses based on snow load and rafter spacing. I used 19/32” T&G\nOSB, it’s less expensive than plywood, plus I had half a sheet left over from\nanother job! (I never throw out wood that could be used someday!)\n\nI tacked the fascia into place and used clamps to hold the bottom sheet of\nsheathing in place after aligning it. I measure the next piece, cut and slid\nit into place. Because the lean too was tight to the existing shed and its\nroof overhang, I secured the upper piece first. The lower piece was easier to\nslide up into the groove channel from below. I removed the fascia so it\nwouldn’t be damaged if I needed to persuade the lower piece into the groove.\nUse 2-1/2” (8d) galvanized nails to fasten the OSB to the rafters.\n\nI cut the roof felt on the ground, ensuring it had about 4 to 6 inches extra\nat both ends. Rolled out the first row, stapled (use stainless steel staples)\nit into place. The second row I rolled out, so it overlapped the first and\nstapled too.\n\nI could have used a self-adhering roofing membrane, but size and cost were\ndetermining factors.\n\n## Step 6: Install Siding\n\nLP SmartSide panels or T1-11 panels? What’s the difference? T1-11 panels came\nout in the 1960s and are plywood based panels that have grooves cut into them.\nThey look like board and batten siding on a vertical application, or shiplap\nsiding on the horizontal.\n\nLP SmartSide panels look like T1-11 panels but are made of OSB based material.\nHowever, the OSB strands are coated with zinc borate and then fused together\nwith a resin mixed with marine wax. The panel more water and insect resistant\nthan T1-11. The panel is then given a resin-saturated Smart Guard overlay for\npainting and protection.\n\nThe SmartSide panels are also less likely to develop cracks or layer\nseparation than the T1-11. One other side issue, porcupines like the glue in\nthe plywood T1-11 panels, but don’t like the resin in SmartSide panels.\n\nI decided to use LP SmartSide panels which are 3/8-inch 4×8 sheets. I could\nhave used vinyl siding, but time and cost were determining factors. I needed 3\nSmartSide panels which cost $45 in my local store, vinyl would cost $220\n-$280, and I’d still need to sheath it! Time and money!\n\nTo make installation easier, I attached support for the side panels 1-1/2”\nbelow the bottom plate. I stood the side sheets up and used claps to hold them\nin position while I marked them for cutting.\n\nThe manufacturer suggests applying glue to the studs for added adhesion\nstrength. They recommend that 1-1/2” screws or 2” galvanized nails be used and\nspaced every 12-inches. All cuts should also be painted, and all openings\nsealed or flashed to prevent moisture damage.\n\nI used construction grade adhesive to add strength to the SmartSide panel\nfastening.\n\nWith the SmartSiding attached, I installed the wall-roof trim on the side\nwalls flush to the roof sheathing and fastened the fascia board into place. I\nthen trimmed the roofing felt so the flashing and drip edge could be\ninstalled.\n\nFascia and Rake Fascia Before installing the flashing, the rake fascia (gable\nend fascia) had to be fitted and cut. I marked the angles with a speed square\nand cut the back end. I held the rake board flush with the roof deck, verified\nthe front angle and length for both ends, and then cut both rake fascia\nboards. I use 8d galvanized nails to secure both rake fascia boards into\nplace, and the fascia board to the front of the rafters.\n\nI installed the drip edge on the front side first and used aluminum nails to\nfasten it. It should go under roofing felt to allow the roof to shed moisture\nproperly.\n\nThe drip edge on the side walls goes over the roofing felt and is fastened\nusing aluminum nails.\n\nTrim or bend the drip edge at the corners for a more weatherproof finish.\n\nThe roof is now ready for shingling!\n\n## Step 7: Install Shingles\n\nI choose architectural roofing shingles to match the other buildings on my\nproperty. Using a scrap piece of sheathing as a cutting board, I trimmed the\ntabs off three shingles – enough to do the first row at the drip edge. The\ntrimmed strips were installed upside down, so the sticky side was up, and\nsecured with 1-1/4” roofing nails so 3/8” overlapped the front of the drip\nedge.\n\nI trimmed the tabs off another 3 shingles and nailed them upside right on top\nof the upside down shingles as a starter strip. Offset the next row by 1/3 of\na shingle to protect the seams and nail the next row into place, keeping it\naligned with the chalk line. I continued shingling the roof using a chalk line\nto keep the rows straight.\n\nThe tools for shingling a roof are fairly simple, a hammer, a metal speed\nsquare, chalk line, knife, and shingle nails.\n\nTrim the tabs off enough shingles to do the first row twice. One set goes\nupside down, and the other set goes upside right on top of the first set as\nthe starter strip. The first full shingle is offset by a 1/3^rd and nail into\nplace.\n\nInstall the second set of tab-less shingles upside right on top of the first\nset.\n\nFinish shingling the roof, off-setting each row from the previous row by\n1/3^rd of a shingle.\n\nSeal the gap between the roof and back wall with a polyurethane sealant.\n\n## Step 8: Install Trim\n\nI sanded 1x4x8 lumber to use for the trim, the same as I’d used for the fascia\nand rake fascia. I cut the pieces for the front corner trim first so the front\nboard would overlap the side board. Angle cut the top of the side trim boards,\nthen marked and cut the length. I used 8d galvanized nails to attach the trim\nthrough the SmartSide and into the studs. One nail every 12-inches beginning\n2-inches from the ends to avoid splitting.\n\nThe back two corners I trimmed and nailed the same as the side of the front\ncorner. The trim on the door opening was straightforward. I installed the\nheader trim 1-inch above the door opening and made it long enough to overlap\nthe top of the side casing trim. I measured and cut the casing trim, butted\nthem under the header trim, and nailed the door trim the same way the rest of\nthe trim was installed.\n\nPrime the Trim\n\nWith all the trim attached, it was time to prime it for painting. A brush for\nedging and a roller for the face make quick work of the task.\n\n## Step 9: Caulking\n\nTo better weatherproof the trim and shed, I caulked the trim seams with a good\noutdoor paintable caulking.\n\n## Step 10: Paint Siding and Trim\n\nWith the trim primed and caulked, it was time to figure out what kind of paint\nto use. The siding was prefinished, but it could also be painted any color you\nchoose. An acrylic latex paint designed for wood composites is highly\nrecommended if painting the SmartSide panels. It worked great on the primed\ntrim too.\n\n## Step 11: Building Double Door\n\nThe finishing touch was the double shed door. Having built them for two\nprevious sheds, I decided the tried and true would be best. I’ll give a brief\nexplanation and save the detailed explanation for a separate article on how to\nbuild double shed doors.\n\nI used tongue-and-groove 9/16”x6”x8’ pine boards to make the two 20-1/4”x168”\ndoor panels for the 40-3/4” door opening. Each board was glued at the groove,\nand the panel reinforced with 3 horizontal and two diagonal battens on the\nback side of the door, making the outer face nice and clean. I made sure the\ndiagonal braces pointed down and into the hanging jamb.\n\nOnce the door panels were built, I sanded, primed and painted them the same\ncolor as the shed siding.\n\n## Step 12: Install Shed Doors\n\nThe hardware is common spring-loaded gate hinges. For added security, I use 2\ngalvanized bolts per hinge, one in the hinge plate and one in the tee arm. I\nalso add a hasp and lock to keep it closed so little hands can’t get at\nsomething that could harm them.\n\nI hope you enjoyed this article and it was informative and interesting. If you\nknow someone who is planning to build a lean-to shed, please share with them.\nYour feedback and comments are greatly appreciated. Remember to check back\nsoon for our article on how to build shed doors.\n\nEugene Sokol\n\nEugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative\nwhile inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home\nimprovement, renovation and woodworking.\n\nHi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have\nbuilt two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool\nstuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\n\n© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA\nPolicy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\nto Amazon.com.\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://usanorth811.org/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211202012003/https://usanorth811.org/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Call 811 Before You Dig\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"If you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to ensure you stay safe during your next project!\",\n \"If you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to ensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\",\n \"If you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update your member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\",\n \"If you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to ensure you stay safe during your next project!\",\n \"If you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to ensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\",\n \"If you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update your member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\",\n \"Excavation work in California, which includes agricultural activities, has required a “call before you dig” ticket since the 1980’s. Standard tickets are valid for 28 days and can be renewed if work is ongoing. In 2017, lawmakers created an ‘Area of Continual Excavation’ (ACE) ticket that is valid for one calendar year and available to farmers and certain flood control facility operators. The goal was to create a safe and less burdensome option from the normal ticket process that complies with safe digging laws.\",\n \"Visit www.usanorth811.org to submit your ticket online, or dial 811; available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (including holidays). If you are requesting an ACE ticket, just let us know over the phone, or select the appropriate option when submitting your ticket online.\",\n \"Utility owners have at least two working days, not including the day of notification, to respond to your ticket by marking the site, providing information on the location of their facilities underground, or giving an ‘all clear’ if there are no facilities in the dig area.\",\n \"Excavators must confirm that ALL utility members on the ticket have responded before excavation can begin, even if the start date and time has passed (submitting a ‘No Response’ to the ticket will send another notification to the utility owner. Call us at 811 or log into your E-Ticket account to submit a No Response on your ticket).\",\n \"Excavators are required to use hand tools only within 24 inches on either side of the underground line and are responsible for the safety and protection of any facilities while they are exposed.\",\n \"ACE tickets are ONLY available to farmers and flood control facilities where the excavation is part of “normal business activities.” A flood control facility is defined in Title 19 of the California Code of Regulations as “an engineered basin operated by a state or local agency, used for the temporary slowing and storing of storm water runoff and for which regular removal of debris is required.\\\"\",\n \"For areas of continual excavation that include or are within 10 feet of a high priority subsurface installation, an onsite meeting between a representative of the excavator and the operator of the high priority subsurface installation is required, and must be facilitated by using an Area of Continual Excavation Agreement (form below).\",\n \"An onsite meeting must take place at a mutually agreed upon date and time on the property where the high priority subsurface installation is present. Representatives must be authorized to enter into an agreement and be prepared with all the relevant information of their respective operations.\",\n \"If there are contrary understandings of the exact location of the high priority subsurface installation, the operator must demonstrate a conflict with the area of continual excavation by providing documentation of the exact location of the facility or by exposing the facility with hand tools or vacuum excavation at a mutually agreed upon date and time.\",\n \"If the ACE does not contain a high priority subsurface installation and is more than 10 feet away from any high priority subsurface installation, then the operator or excavator may request an optional onsite meeting using the Area of Continual Excavation Optional Agreement (form below).\",\n \"If you are not excavating within the next 14 calendar days a ticket cannot be submitted since the project is in the design phase. To acquire infrastructure information/ location for design purposes, the engineering department of each utility operator must be contacted. USA North 811 provides the Utility Member Contact Lookup tool free of charge. Please use the button below to generate a list of design/engineering contacts.\",\n \"The following is a list of Holidays recognized by California and Nevada. Both California and Nevada One-Call Laws do not allow Federal or State Holidays to be included as part of the legal notice for the excavation notification. For holidays that occur on Saturdays, USA NORTH 811 will observe the holiday the Friday before the holiday. For holidays that occur on Sundays, they will be observed on the following Monday.\",\n \"Welcome to the USA North 811 DIRT portal. Follow the below steps to input your data for either California or Nevada. NOTE: DIRT reporting is done on an anonymous basis and is a tool for data collecting, not enforcement of excavation law. All personal information for the individual entering the report will be removed.\",\n \"If you are trying to input DIRT data for California only, please click the link below to submit your report to the California DIRT Page: (NOTE: When you submit your data through the CA DIRT portal, a report will also be transmitted to the National DIRT program as well fulfilling any National reporting requirements you might have)\",\n \"or click the link below to download and print out a copy of the CA DIRT form for use in the field:\",\n \"If you are trying to input DIRT data for Nevada only, please click the link below to submit your report to the National CGA DIRT Page:\",\n \"To cultivate public safety and damage prevention by creating cohesive lines of communication between excavators and utility operators. Our vision of transparency and fluidity is streamlined by exceptional customer service and public education. We aim to surpass One Call industry best practice standards and inspire inclusive participation from stakeholders.\",\n \"USA North 811 began operation in May of 1975 & incorporated as a 501 (c)(6) Non-Profit Mutual Benefit Corporation in 1986. Our objective is to receive planned excavation reports from public or private excavators and to transmit those planned excavation reports to all participating utility members of USA North 811 who may have facilities in and around that excavation site. Our members will either: 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility, 2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the excavator of clearance, for facilities that they own.\",\n \"The California Regional Common Ground Alliance (CARCGA) is a 501(c)(6) non- profit mutual benefit corporation dedicated to ensuring public safety, environmental protection, and integrity of underground services in California. CARCGA is a Regional Partner of the Common Ground Alliance (CGA). Through the effective promotion of CGA’s damage prevention best practices, CARGCA boasts participation from a variety of stakeholders including but not limited to utility operators and professional excavators.\",\n \"CGA is a member-driven association of 1,700 individuals, organizations and sponsors in every facet of the underground utility industry. Established in 2000, CGA is committed to saving lives and preventing damage to underground infrastructure by promoting effective damage prevention practices. CGA has established itself as the leading organization in an effort to reduce damages to underground facilities in North America through shared responsibility among all stakeholders.\",\n \"The Nevada Regional Common Ground Alliance is open to any individual, organization, municipality or corporation interested in the promotion of underground damage prevention in the state of Nevada. The NRCGA provides a forum for members and non-members to exchange information and ideas at monthly meetings, offers free excavator training on damage prevention and Nevada excavation law, and holds events throughout the year to educate homeowners and excavators about the importance of calling 811 before beginning any digging project.\",\n \"NICE InContact is our latest technology partner that will be providing our Contact Center with a state of the art customer service phone system that will be available before 2020.\",\n \"Norfield is a member-owned technology organization, consisting of notification centers for California (Northern and Southern), Colorado, Illinois, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Utah, and Virginia, who collectively process over ten million incoming excavation notification requests annually.\",\n \"WebTMS is a multi-center, web-based One Call Ticket Management System for receiving locate request tickets, managing locator workflow and assignments, transmitting positive responses back to the originating One Call Center, transmitting notifications to excavators, and providing metrics for managers to effectively manage their locate teams and response times. USA North 811 offers utility operators this ticket management solution free of charge.\",\n \"AGREEMENT AND PARTIES. Underground Service Alert of Northern California and Nevada (\\\"USA North,\\\" \\\"us,\\\" or \\\"we\\\") respects the privacy of the visitors to the USA North website (collectively \\\"website\\\" or \\\"site\\\"). This privacy policy (\\\"privacy policy\\\" or \\\"policy\\\") is an agreement between USA North and you, as the user of the USA North website (\\\"you\\\"). This agreement tells you when this policy is effective, what information we collect from you, how we might use it, how you can review or change the personal information you provided to us, and how we may change this policy. We encourage users to read this policy prior to accessing the features of the site.\",\n \"AGREEMENT TO TERMS. All activities in which you may engage on this website are voluntary. You are not required to provide any personal information to us unless you choose to access features on this site which require the information. If you do not agree with the terms of this policy or other terms of use on this website, then you should immediately exit this website and discontinue using the site. If you do not agree with the terms of our privacy policy, please do not provide us with any personal information and leave this website. By using the USA North website, you signify that you agree to the terms of this privacy policy.\",\n \"This privacy policy is effective as of June 7, 2019, and will remain in effect except with respect to any of its provisions that are changed in the future, in which case the changes will become effective on the date they are posted on the website or we otherwise notify you of the changes. We reserve the right to change this privacy policy at any time. Changes, modifications, additions, or deletions will be effective immediately upon their posting to this site. You should check this policy periodically as its terms may change from time to time. Your continued use of the site after we post any such modifications will constitute your acknowledgement of the modified policy and your agreement to abide and be bound by the modified policy. We will also revise the \\\"last updated\\\" date found at the beginning of this privacy policy when we post changes to it.\",\n \"The privacy policy does not extend to anything that is inherent in the operation of the Internet, and therefore beyond USA North's control, and is not to be applied in any manner contrary to applicable law or governmental regulation. This online privacy policy only applies to information collected through this site. This privacy policy does not apply to any information we may collect from you in any place other than this website.\",\n \"TYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. We may ask you for certain information referred to as \\\"personal information,\\\" which includes information that pertains to your identity. Such information may include, but is not limited to, items such as your name, company affiliation, address, e-mail address, and telephone number. You may be required to provide personal information to access or use certain parts of our website or features of the site. If you do not provide the requested personal information, you may not be able to access or use the features of the site where such information is requested.\",\n \"USE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION. We will primarily use the personal information we receive from you to provide services to you, including, but not limited to, the following: A. To administer and fulfil the purpose of the USA North program. B. To send surveys to you about our service to better understand your interests and needs, so we can improve our services. If you no longer wish to receive any e-mails from us you may opt out (see Section 12).\",\n \"C. To send alerts to you about our service, updates, changes, and outages. If you no longer wish to receive any SMS messages from us you may opt out (see Section 12 and 13).\",\n \"TYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. There may be other instances in which we collect information from you that is more general in nature (\\\"general information\\\"). Such information may include your Internet Protocol (IP) address, which enables us to identify your computer or device on a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network, which includes the World Wide Web. Your computer has an IP address, which is required in order for you to communicate with others via the Internet. Such general information, including cookies, as mentioned below, may be collected from you whenever you access the site, whether or not you provide us with any personal information.\",\n \"When you visit our website we may also collect \\\"click stream data\\\" (server address, domain name). This information can be combined with information you have provided to us by registering, for example, which will enable us to analyze and better customize your visits. We may use click stream data for traffic analysis of our website to determine which features of our site are most or least effective or useful to you.\",\n \"We may also use cookies to gather information about your visits to our website and enhance your experience. More information on how we use cookies is available in the section \\\"Use of Cookies.\\\"\",\n \"We are strongly committed to not sharing nonpublic information with third parties. Under this Privacy Policy, we may share your information only under particular situations, as described in this Policy. Because we protect all users in this manner, we do not change our behavior in response to a web browser's \\\"do not track\\\" signal.\",\n \"Please keep in mind that whenever you give out personal information online there is a risk that third parties may intercept and use that information. While USA North strives to protect your personal information and privacy, we cannot guarantee the security of any information you disclose online. By using this site, you expressly acknowledge and agree that we do not guarantee the security of any data provided to or received by us through this site and that any personal information, general information, or other data or information received from you through the site is provided to us at your own risk, which you expressly assume.\",\n \"USA North intends only persons who are 18 years or older to use this website. Personal registration information submitted by and pertaining to a person under the age of 18 will not be accepted. Any general information provided by and pertaining to a person under the age of 18 and gathered (for example, through the use of cookies) during his or her visit may be used as indicated in this policy (see Section 7). USA North is committed to protecting the privacy of children and has no intention of collecting personal data from children under the age of 18. We encourage parents and guardians of children under 18 to regularly check and monitor their children's use of e-mail and other activities online.\",\n \"PLEASE NOTE: We are a general audience site, and do not direct any of our content specifically at children under 13 years of age. We understand and are committed to respecting the sensitive nature of children's privacy online. If we learn or have reason to suspect that a site user is under age 13, we will promptly delete any personal information in that user's account.\",\n \"WHO MAY HAVE ACCESS TO YOUR INFORMATION. USA North is comprised of various participating members who opt to become members of USA North and who own or operate any underground facilities in the area served by USA North. We provide our services through member agreements with participating members. The participating members carry or transport materials including, but not limited to, water, gas, oil, fuel, and sewage, and/or conduit used for electric, telephone, or other services. USA North provides personal information to its participating members for the purpose of providing services. Our participating members may use your personal information for the purpose of carrying out the work as agreed with us.\",\n \"In addition to members, USA North provides information to the California Underground Facilities Safe Excavation Board (Dig Safe Board) for purposes of compliance with and effectuating the purpose of California Government Code 4216 et seq.\",\n \"Our sole purpose in providing personal information to the participating members is for use by the participating members in providing services related to their membership and the USA North program as contemplated by California Government Code 4216 et. seq. Any other use by participating members is neither intended nor authorized by USA North. The participating members may have adopted individual privacy policies. However, the use of your personal information by participating members is governed by the privacy policies of those participating members and is not subject to our control. Other than to participating members for the purposes set out above, and except as described in this policy, we do not sell, trade, or otherwise transfer your personal information or general information to third parties without informing you in advance.\",\n \"RELEASE OF INFORMATION. USA North will release personal or general information without your consent for security purposes, when required by law, or to prevent imminent harm to any person or entity. We will disclose personal or general information upon receipt of a court order or subpoena, or to cooperate with a law enforcement investigation, which may include responding to requests and court orders from jurisdictions outside the United States. We fully cooperate with law enforcement agencies in identifying those who use our services for illegal activities. We reserve the right to report to law enforcement agencies any activities that we in good faith believe to be unlawful, as determined in our sole discretion. Release of your personal data for security purposes, as described in this agreement to any person or entity under any circumstances shall be based on a determination made solely by us, exercising our own discretion, permission for which is expressly granted by you to us in accordance with this policy.\",\n \"PURPOSE OF LINKS. For your convenience and to improve the usage of the website we may insert links to third parties on this site. This privacy policy does not apply to such third-party websites. These links take you outside our service and off the USA North's site and are beyond our control. This includes links from partners that may use USA North's logos as part of a co-branding agreement. The sites those links can take you to have their own separate privacy policies, and although we seek to protect the integrity of our site, USA North is not liable for the content and activities of those sites. Your visits and access to such websites is at your own risk. Please note that those other sites may send their own cookies to users, collect data, or solicit personal information.\",\n \"COOKIES. A cookie is a small string of information that the website you visit transfers to your computer for identification purposes. Cookies can be used to follow your activity on the website which can help to improve your website experience. Cookies are used for such activities as remembering your user name and password, if you use such a feature on this site. If you prefer not to receive cookies, you may opt not to receive them. You can also have your computer warn you whenever cookies are being used. For both options you must adjust your browser (such as Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Internet Explorer, or other browser) settings. There are also software products available that can manage cookies for you. Please be aware, however, that when you choose to reject cookies, this choice may limit the functionality of the website you visit and you may lose access to some of its features.\",\n \"CHANGING YOUR INFORMATION. You may opt out, delete, or modify your personal information associated with a specific user account, by visiting our website or by contacting us by telephone at 811. We encourage you promptly to update your personal information when it changes. However, personal information submitted in association with a submitted USA North ticket will remain on the ticket and will be maintained by USA North for purposes of its own recordkeeping responsibilities and for purposes of operating its business.\",\n \"Please read these terms and conditions carefully. By opting-in to the text messaging programs, you expressly consent to receive non-marketing and marketing text messages from USA North 811 and others texting on its behalf, including text messages made with an autodialer, at the telephone number(s) that you provide. You may opt-out of these communications at any time, and consent to receive marketing text messages is not required to purchase any goods or services.\",\n \"PROGRAM DESCRIPTION. USA North and its service providers may use an automatic telephone dialing system (“autodialer”) to deliver USA North text messages to you. USA North text messages are intended to provide you with updates and information including service outages, event notifications, service or system upgrades, local and state law updates, and other important 811 information.\",\n \"MESSAGE FREQUENCY. The number of text messages that you receive will vary depending on how many of USA North’s text messaging programs for which you sign up to receive messages. You will receive a maximum of one hundred messages per month.\",\n \"COST. Message and data rates may apply to each text message sent or received in connection with text messages, as provided in your mobile telephone service rate plan (please contact your mobile telephone carrier for pricing plans), in addition to any applicable roaming charges. USA North does not impose a separate fee for sending text messages.\",\n \"SUPPORTED CARRIERS. Supported carriers may change from time to time, but currently include AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, among others.\",\n \"HOW TO OPT-IN. To opt-in to receive text messages from USA North text messaging program(s), please follow the instructions provided. By opting-in, you are agreeing to the following statement: “I agree to receive marketing/autodialed text messages from USA North 811 at the mobile number I have provided. Consent is not required to purchase goods or services.”\",\n \"HOW TO OPT-OUT. To stop receiving text messages from the USA North text messaging program, text STOP to the five digit short code for the text messaging program from which you no longer wish to receive message (i.e., the five digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You will then receive confirmation of your opt-out of that text messaging program.\",\n \"HELP. To request more information, text HELP to the five-digit short code for the text messaging program about which you have questions (i.e., the five digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You may also receive help by visiting the “contact us” page of our website www.usanorth811.org.\",\n \"CONTACT INFORMATION. If you have any questions or comments relating to our website or the privacy policy, contact us by telephone at (800) 640-5137.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"Feedback is good and sometimes it’s the only thing that causes change. Let us know if we are excelling in a certain area of our service or if we are failing to meet your expectations. Either way, we want to hear about it! Please Rant or Rave in the section below.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"1| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT ---|--- 2| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT BUT PRIVATELY OWNED UTILITY ON PROPERTY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE 3| EXISTING MARKINGS ADEQUATE 4| NO MARKINGS REQUESTED 10| LOCATE AREA MARKED 11| LOCATE AREA MARKED BUT ABANDONED FACILITIES MAY BE IN THE AREA 12| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE OWNED UTILITY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE 13| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE PROPERTY 14| PARTIALLY MARKED - MORE TIME IS NEEDED 15| PROVIDED FACILITY LOCATION INFORMATION TO EXCAVATOR (4216.3(a)(1)(A)(ii) 20| BAD ADDRESS/INCORRECT STREET/LOCATION INFO - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 21| NO ACCESS TO LOCATE AREA - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 22| NO DELINEATION - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 23| DELINEATED AREA DOES NOT MATCH LOCATION REQUEST - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 30| CONTACT FACILITY OWNER FOR FURTHER INFO 31| REQUIRES STAND BY AT TIME OF EXCAVATION - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER 32| VISIBLE OR EXPOSED FACILITY - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER IF CROSSING 33| HIGH PRIORITY LINE IN AREA - ON SITE MEETING REQUIRED 34| FIELD MEET REQUIRED - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER TO SCHEDULE 35| TRAFFIC CONTROL REQUIRED TO MARK FACILITIES 40| EXCAVATOR COMPLETED WORK PRIOR TO DUE DATE 41| EXCAVATOR NO SHOW FOR MEET 42| EXCAVATOR CANCELED REQUES 43| EXCAVATOR NOT DIGGING WITHIN 14 CALENDAR DAYS (PREPLANNING) 50| NEGOTIATED MARKING SCHEDULE 51| MUTUALLY AGREED TO A LATER START DATE AND TIME (4216.3(a)(1)(a)) 52| UNABLE TO LOCATE USING STANDARD LOCATING TECHNIQUES 53| SCHEDULED MEET WITH EXCAVATOR AT REQUESTED DATE AND TIME CONFIRMED 80| EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES EXIST - NO LOCATE DUE TO WEATHER/EMERGENCY CONDITION 990|\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"This is the Ticket Research order form for non-members of USA North 811 (Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc). The ticket research will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent\",\n \"$30 Check Payment or $32 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"Please fill out the information below and hit submit. Our Online Services department will be in touch with you shortly regarding your account.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"Design Inquiry Membership: The Design Inquiry Membership provides participants with 24/7 access to USA North’s online engineering contact information inquiry program. The resulting inquiries provide the participant with a list of the engineering contact information for each USA North member who may have facilities at the designated design site, in order to expedite their design process.\",\n \"Using the USA North member engineering contact information, you will be able to contact each USA North Member identified, and request that they provide you with their underground facility as-built drawings, red-line their facilities on your design drawings, and/or discuss your design work with them.\",\n \"Your unique user name and password must be kept secure at all times. Sharing it with others will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry Membership\",\n \"The Design Inquiry Member assumes total responsibility for selecting a correct and accurate design site USA North will only display USA North members who indicate that they may have underground facilities at the design site at the time and date that the design inquiry is submitted. Each design inquiry is time and date stamped for this purpose. It is the responsibility of the Design Inquiry Member to contact any non-USA North facility owners at the design site.\",\n \"Sharing the USA North Design Inquiry engineering contact information with affiliate organizations or other 3rd party entities will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry Membership.\",\n \"Design Inquiry Members agree to hold USA North harmless against any and all claims arising out of the design site that they entered. Annual Design Inquiry Membership Fee for non-USA North members – $132.00 annually\",\n \"Includes 1 user name and password per company Affiliate organizations are required to have their own Design Inquiry Membership Additional intra-company Design Inquiry memberships – $30.00 annually To become a Design Inquiry member or to find out more information, please complete the following\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"How much does it cost to become a member? There is a $150 annual flat rate fee which is prorated based off when you membership becomes active. The flat rate fee get you the first 200 tickets free. Any tickets you receive over the 200 will then be billed according to what percentage that is compared to all billable tickets by all members divided by the approved budget.\",\n \"Why am I required to be a member? 4216.1. Every operator of a subsurface installation, except the Department of Transportation, shall become a member of, participate in, and share in the costs of, a regional notification center. Operators of subsurface installations who are members of, participate in, and share in, the costs of a regional notification center, including, but not limited to, the Underground Service Alert—Northern California or the Underground Service Alert—Southern California are in compliance with this section and Section 4216.9. A regional USA North 811 Overview CGA Best Practices - Appendix B CA Government Code 4216 36 notification center shall not charge a fee to a person for notifying the regional notification center to obtain a ticket or to renew a ticket. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 809, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2017.)\",\n \"How do I update my company contact info? To update your company contact info please fill out the form at the link below. If you have questions regarding this please send them to memberservices@usanorth811.org\",\n \"How to I update my service area? There are 2 ways you can update your service area. The first and easiest option is by using shape files. If you have shape files for your service area then please send them over to memberservices@usanorth811.org. The second option is to use our polygon maintenance editor using the link below. This option requires you to have login credentials first. If you don’t have credentials and are not listed on the membership already then your company representative will have to give permissions first before we can create those for you. Polygon editor program: newtin.usan.org\",\n \"How do I respond to tickets I receive? In response to the receipt of planned excavation reports our members will either 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility; 2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the excavator about the clearance, of facilities that they own, operate, and/or maintain.\",\n \"What is Electronic Positive Response? Electronic Positive Response (+Res or PosRes) is a system that encourages communication from member utility companies to USA North 811; notifying us of the status of the ticket or the method they chose to respond to a ticket. Excavation law in California and Nevada already requires that all utility members respond to every request they receive by either marking the site, notifying the excavator that the site is clear of their facilities, or providing information to the excavator regarding the location of the facilities (i.e. maps, drawings, etc.). Electronic Positive Response goes one step further by allowing the utility member to then notify USA North 811 how they chose to respond to the ticket. USA North 811 will then publish these responses online allowing contractors, excavators, and homeowners in California and Nevada the ability to check the status of responses to their ticket request online 24×7. At this time, electronic positive response is voluntary in both California and Nevada. Therefore you may not always see an electronic positive response from all utility members posted online. Please make sure and do your due diligence in tracking responses from the utility members on your ticket request. You need to ensure that you have received a response from all utility members on your ticket before proceeding with your digging project. For more information regarding electronic positive response, go online to www.USANorth811.org/posres\",\n \"What is WebTMS? WebTMS is our ticket management program that is offered all of our members to help them respond and manage any tickets they receive. If interested, below is a link to our WebTMS sign up form. WebTMS is for our utility members only and will not benefit contractors. WebTMS Sign up form: http://usanorth811.org/webtms-information-request/\",\n \"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"We encourage all our Members to update their contact information regularly. It’s recommended to update at least every Quarter, or as needed. If you have any questions about your membership please contact Member Services at memberservices@usanorth811.org.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"Lorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Maecenas eu dapibus tellus, quis euismod nunc. Aliquam vulputate massa neque, vel auctor tellus interdum id. Integer blandit purus id tortor bibendum, sed rhoncus leo molestie. Aliquam venenatis dignissim turpis a tincidunt. Nullam justo lectus, auctor scelerisque erat sed, dictum pellentesque eros. Cras non congue neque, vitae varius ligula. Nam feugiat magna fermentum eleifend iaculis. Nam condimentum nisi quis feugiat congue. Donec mattis accumsan augue, faucibus hendrerit sem mollis non.\",\n \"Donec ac eros rhoncus nisl rutrum fringilla. Nam convallis sagittis tellus, eget rutrum nisi venenatis sit amet. Donec tincidunt et enim eu scelerisque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Etiam fringilla porttitor orci, in vulputate est finibus sit amet. Nulla mollis, odio et vestibulum sagittis, enim urna laoreet quam, eget auctor urna nunc et neque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Ut fermentum laoreet metus sed blandit. Phasellus volutpat dictum neque ac pulvinar. Ut et mauris magna.\",\n \"Sed vestibulum lacus a nibh ullamcorper fermentum. Donec in sodales risus. Morbi aliquet quis nisi at fermentum. Pellentesque feugiat diam eget libero venenatis, nec cursus nulla tristique. Quisque consequat lacinia malesuada. Etiam vitae nisi accumsan, fringilla turpis non, condimentum sapien. Curabitur ultricies lacus est, sit amet facilisis purus suscipit et. Nulla vitae nisi ut est vestibulum cursus. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in faucibus. Fusce dictum nunc et ligula ultrices rutrum. Pellentesque dapibus nibh quis nisl condimentum, et tempor lacus dignissim.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"A \\\"ticket\\\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.\",\n \"Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.\",\n \"At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket by clicking the button below.\",\n \"Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\",\n \"Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\",\n \"It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.\",\n \"If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under the “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\",\n \"Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rd party locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\",\n \"Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our How to Premark Instructional Video.\",\n \"The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.\",\n \"If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\",\n \"When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance zone and hand digging requirements, please click here for CA requirements or click here for NV requirements.\",\n \"USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.\",\n \"Submitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig project is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the center and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the public a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground utilities.\",\n \"Have you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence project, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are most likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property for that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is being done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your shared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property, and you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please email our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look and see if there are any open tickets for your address.\",\n \"We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.\",\n \"Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign up page.\",\n \"If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our Simple Ticket Search program. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.\",\n \"The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\",\n \"The utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\",\n \"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\",\n \"The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\",\n \"The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\",\n \"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.\",\n \"Your ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket submission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your request. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you have determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you can request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on your ticket.\",\n \"The depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An underground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was originally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface activity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility owners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\",\n \"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links: CA Members\",\n \"I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?\",\n \"If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at onlineservices@usanorth811.org.\",\n \"I’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?\",\n \"Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your property, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for them/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your contractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work you do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\",\n \"What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?\",\n \"If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"A \\\"ticket\\\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.\",\n \"Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.\",\n \"At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket here.\",\n \"Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\",\n \"Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\",\n \"· It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.\",\n \"If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under the “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\",\n \"Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in-house locators, while others hire 3^rd party locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\",\n \"Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our \\\"How to Premark\\\" instructional video.\",\n \"The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.\",\n \"If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\",\n \"When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools.\",\n \"USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.\",\n \"We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.\",\n \"Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign up page.\",\n \"I forgot to submit my 811 request and I’m supposed to start my work tomorrow; can I submit an emergency request?\",\n \"All excavation requests require a minimum of two working days’ notice prior to the start of excavation. State law identifies which factors qualify a request as an emergency, and if your excavation does not meet those requirements you cannot submit an emergency request. To see if your excavation meets the requirements of an emergency notification, please see the state specific emergency definitions below:\",\n \"California: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence, involving a clear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services.\",\n \"Nevada: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence that involves clear and imminent danger and requires immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of life or damage to health, property or essential public services.\",\n \"If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: Simple Ticket Search. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.\",\n \"The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\",\n \"The utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\",\n \"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\",\n \"The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\",\n \"The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\",\n \"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.\",\n \"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:\",\n \"I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?\",\n \"If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at weboperations@usanorth811.org.\",\n \"I’m hiring a sub-contractor to do work at my jobsite, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?\",\n \"Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a sub-contractor to perform work on your property, the sub-contractor needs to contact 811 and submit their own request for them/their company. The sub-contractor cannot work under another contractor or sub-contractors existing 811 ticket.\",\n \"What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?\",\n \"If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If you are a utility owner and currently not a member of USA North 811, you can become a member by first filling out our membership application here:\",\n \"Notify the contractor, homeowner, or ticket submitter promptly when your facilities are clear of their excavation work and they are in no danger of uncovering them\",\n \"Using the appropriate amount of markings needed to identify your underground facilities while avoiding excessive markings and decorative hardscapes (decorative rock, pavers, stamped walkways, etc) at the site.\",\n \"Reviewing and updating (if needed) your service area registration on a regular basis to ensure you are receiving all of the notifications you should be\",\n \"Reviewing and updating (if needed) the contacts and their information listed on your membership account on a regular basis to ensure contractors, homeowners, and USA North 811 knows who to get in touch with when there is a question or issue\",\n \"Notify USA North 811 of any billing department changes that would impact your bill getting to the correct staff member or payment being sent on time\",\n \"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\",\n \"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"This is the Ticket Research order form for Members of USA North 811 (utility operators that have registered buried facilities in our system). The ticket research will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent - $31 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\",\n \"A \\\"ticket\\\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.\",\n \"Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.\",\n \"At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket here\",\n \"Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\",\n \"Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\",\n \"It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.\",\n \"If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click here.\",\n \"Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rdparty locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\",\n \"Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our “How to Premark” instructional video\\\".\",\n \"The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.\",\n \"If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\",\n \"When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance zone and hand digging requirements, please click here for California & Nevada requirements .\",\n \"USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.\",\n \"Submitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig project is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the center and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the public a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground utilities.\",\n \"Have you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence project, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are most likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property for that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is being done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your shared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property, and you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please email our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look and see if there are any open tickets for your address.\",\n \"We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.\",\n \"Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please click here.\",\n \"If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: http://newtin.usan.org/newtinweb/gen_min_ts.html . If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.\",\n \"The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here as well: http://usanorth811.herokuapp.c.... You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\",\n \"The utility members will use the American Public Works Association (APWA: https://www3.apwa.net/content/library/colorcc.pdf ) color code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\",\n \"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\",\n \"The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\",\n \"The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\",\n \"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.\",\n \"Your ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket submission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your request. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you have determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you can request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on your ticket.\",\n \"The depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An underground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was originally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface activity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility owners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\",\n \"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:\",\n \"I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?\",\n \"If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at weboperations@usanorth811.org.\",\n \"I’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?\",\n \"Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your property, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for them/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your contractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work you do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\",\n \"What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?\",\n \"If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.\",\n \"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"USA North 811 | Call 811 Before You Dig\\n\\nNew Ticket Size Policy effective July 1, 2021\\n\\n * Get A Ticket\\n * Excavation Law\\n * Ticket Copy\\n * Utility Member Contact Lookup\\n * Rant or Rave\\n\\nContact USAN 811:\\n\\n * Member Services\\n * Online Services\\n * Other Contacts\\n\\n# DIYer\\n\\nIf you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to\\nensure you stay safe during your next project!\\n\\n## Quick Links\\n\\nWhere Do I Begin? Get A Ticket Utility Marking Code FAQ\\n\\n# Contractor\\n\\nIf you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to\\nensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\\n\\n## Quick Links\\n\\nGet A Ticket Law & Excavation Manual What is Electronic Positive Response FAQ\\n\\n# Utility Operator\\n\\nIf you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update\\nyour member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\\n\\n## Quick Links\\n\\nBecome a Utility Member Utility Member Services What is Electronic Positive\\nResponse FAQ\\n\\n# DIYer\\n\\nIf you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to\\nensure you stay safe during your next project!\\n\\n## Quick Links\\n\\nWhere Do I Begin? Get A Ticket Utility Marking Code FAQ\\n\\n# Contractor\\n\\nIf you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to\\nensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\\n\\n## Quick Links\\n\\nGet A Ticket Law & Excavation Manual What is Electronic Positive Response FAQ\\n\\n# Utility Operator\\n\\nIf you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update\\nyour member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\\n\\n## Quick Links\\n\\nBecome a Utility Member Utility Member Services What is Electronic Positive\\nResponse FAQ\\n\\n## Utility Member Contact Lookup\\n\\n## Electronic Positive Response\\n\\n## Get A Copy of Your Ticket\\n\\n## Become an E-Ticket User\\n\\n## 811 Pro Online Training\\n\\n## Even More\\n\\n## Rant or Rave\\n\\n## Agriculture and 811 Safety\\n\\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Damage Notification\\n\\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Violation Complaint\\n\\n## Instructional Videos\\n\\n## Utility Marking Color Code & Pre-Marking Info\\n\\n## Project Design\\n\\n## WebTMS\\n\\n## List of Holidays\\n\\n## Contact Center Stats\\n\\n## Dirt Reports\\n\\n## Damage Prevention Links\\n\\n## What is Electronic Positive Response\\n\\n## Membership Application\\n\\n## CGA Best Practices\\n\\n## List of Members\\n\\n## Mission & History\\n\\n## Ticket Research Service\\n\\n## Annual Newsletter\\n\\n## Sustaining Members & Private Locators\\n\\n## Board of Directors & Stakeholders\\n\\n## Damage Prevention Partners\\n\\n## Privacy Policy\\n\\n## USA North 811 Articles & Bylaws\\n\\n## 811 Promotional Order Form\\n\\n## Upcoming Education\\n\\n## Agriculture and 811 Safety\\n\\nExcavation work in California, which includes agricultural activities, has\\nrequired a “call before you dig” ticket since the 1980’s. Standard tickets are\\nvalid for 28 days and can be renewed if work is ongoing. In 2017, lawmakers\\ncreated an ‘Area of Continual Excavation’ (ACE) ticket that is valid for one\\ncalendar year and available to farmers and certain flood control facility\\noperators. The goal was to create a safe and less burdensome option from the\\nnormal ticket process that complies with safe digging laws.\\n\\n### Whether you need an ACE ticket or a standard ticket, follow these steps:\\n\\n#### 1\\\\. Mark your work area in white\\n\\nDelineate your dig site in white paint, flags, stakes, whiskers, or chalk.\\n\\n#### 2\\\\. Request a ticket from USA North 811\\n\\nVisit www.usanorth811.org to submit your ticket online, or dial 811; available\\n24 hours a day, 7 days a week (including holidays). If you are requesting an\\nACE ticket, just let us know over the phone, or select the appropriate option\\nwhen submitting your ticket online.\\n\\n#### 3\\\\. Wait the required time\\n\\nUtility owners have at least two working days, not including the day of\\nnotification, to respond to your ticket by marking the site, providing\\ninformation on the location of their facilities underground, or giving an ‘all\\nclear’ if there are no facilities in the dig area.\\n\\n#### 4\\\\. Confirm all members have responded\\n\\nExcavators must confirm that ALL utility members on the ticket have responded\\nbefore excavation can begin, even if the start date and time has passed\\n(submitting a ‘No Response’ to the ticket will send another notification to\\nthe utility owner. Call us at 811 or log into your E-Ticket account to submit\\na No Response on your ticket).\\n\\n#### 5\\\\. Dig safely and respect the marks\\n\\nExcavators are required to use hand tools only within 24 inches on either side\\nof the underground line and are responsible for the safety and protection of\\nany facilities while they are exposed.\\n\\nACE tickets are ONLY available to farmers and flood control facilities where\\nthe excavation is part of “normal business activities.” A flood control\\nfacility is defined in Title 19 of the California Code of Regulations as “an\\nengineered basin operated by a state or local agency, used for the temporary\\nslowing and storing of storm water runoff and for which regular removal of\\ndebris is required.\\\"\\n\\nFor areas of continual excavation that include or are within 10 feet of a high\\npriority subsurface installation, an onsite meeting between a representative\\nof the excavator and the operator of the high priority subsurface installation\\nis required, and must be facilitated by using an Area of Continual Excavation\\nAgreement (form below).\\n\\nAn onsite meeting must take place at a mutually agreed upon date and time on\\nthe property where the high priority subsurface installation is present.\\nRepresentatives must be authorized to enter into an agreement and be prepared\\nwith all the relevant information of their respective operations.\\n\\nIf there are contrary understandings of the exact location of the high\\npriority subsurface installation, the operator must demonstrate a conflict\\nwith the area of continual excavation by providing documentation of the exact\\nlocation of the facility or by exposing the facility with hand tools or vacuum\\nexcavation at a mutually agreed upon date and time.\\n\\nIf the ACE does not contain a high priority subsurface installation and is\\nmore than 10 feet away from any high priority subsurface installation, then\\nthe operator or excavator may request an optional onsite meeting using the\\nArea of Continual Excavation Optional Agreement (form below).\\n\\n### On-site meeting agreement for excavation within 10 feet of a High Priority\\nline:\\n\\n * For Agricultural Operations: Form No. ACE Agreement 01 - Agricultural Operations (07-01-2020)\\n\\n * For Flood Control Facilities: Form No. ACE Agreement 02 – Flood Control Facilities (07-01-2020)\\n\\n### On-site meeting agreement for excavation within 5 feet of any underground\\nline (optional):\\n\\n * For Agricultural Operations: Form No. ACE Optional Agreement 03 - Agricultural Operations (07-01-2020)\\n\\n * For Flood Control Facilities: Form No. ACE Optional Agreement 04 –Flood Control Facilities (07-01-2020)\\n\\n#### Area of Continual Excavation on the Dig Safe Board website\\n\\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Damage Notification\\n\\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Violation Complaint\\n\\n## Project Design\\n\\nIf you are not excavating within the next 14 calendar days a ticket cannot be\\nsubmitted since the project is in the design phase. To acquire infrastructure\\ninformation/ location for design purposes, the engineering department of each\\nutility operator must be contacted. USA North 811 provides the Utility Member\\nContact Lookup tool free of charge. Please use the button below to generate a\\nlist of design/engineering contacts.\\n\\nProject Design\\n\\n## List of Holidays\\n\\nThe following is a list of Holidays recognized by California and Nevada. Both\\nCalifornia and Nevada One-Call Laws do not allow Federal or State Holidays to\\nbe included as part of the legal notice for the excavation notification. For\\nholidays that occur on Saturdays, USA NORTH 811 will observe the holiday the\\nFriday before the holiday. For holidays that occur on Sundays, they will be\\nobserved on the following Monday.\\n\\nDate| Holidays| State| Center| Affects Legal Start Time \\n---|---|---|---|--- \\n01/01/2021| New Year's Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n01/18/2021| Martin Luther King Jr.| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n02/15/2021| Presidents Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n03/31/2021| Cesar Chavez Day| CA| Open| Yes \\n05/31/2021| Memorial Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n07/04/2021| Independence Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n09/06/2021| Labor Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n10/11/2021| Columbus Day| CA| Open| Yes \\n10/29/2021| Nevada Day| NV| Open| Yes \\n11/11/2021| Veterans Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n11/25/2021| Thanksgiving Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n11/26/2021| Day After Thanksgiving| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n12/25/2021| Christmas Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \\n \\n## Contact Center Stats\\n\\nLive Stats\\n\\n2021 KPI\\n\\n2021 Ticket Volume\\n\\n2001-2020 Ticket Volume\\n\\n2016-2020 Tickets by Phone Vs Tickets by Web\\n\\n2001-2020 Transmissions Per Ticket\\n\\n## Dirt Reports\\n\\nWelcome to the USA North 811 DIRT portal. Follow the below steps to input your\\ndata for either California or Nevada. NOTE: DIRT reporting is done on an\\nanonymous basis and is a tool for data collecting, not enforcement of\\nexcavation law. All personal information for the individual entering the\\nreport will be removed.\\n\\nIf you are trying to input DIRT data for California only, please click the\\nlink below to submit your report to the California DIRT Page: (NOTE: When you\\nsubmit your data through the CA DIRT portal, a report will also be transmitted\\nto the National DIRT program as well fulfilling any National reporting\\nrequirements you might have)\\n\\nCA DIRT REPORTING\\n\\nor click the link below to download and print out a copy of the CA DIRT form\\nfor use in the field:\\n\\nCA Facility Event Form\\n\\nIf you are trying to input DIRT data for Nevada only, please click the link\\nbelow to submit your report to the National CGA DIRT Page:\\n\\nNV Dirt Reporting\\n\\nView Previous California DIRT Reports\\n\\n## Damage Prevention Links\\n\\nCommon Ground Alliance (CGA)\\n\\nCalifornia Regional Common Ground Alliance\\n\\nNevada Regional Common Ground Alliance (NRCGA)\\n\\nUSA South (Dig Alert)\\n\\nCGA Best Practices\\n\\nPHMSA Stakeholder Communications Toolbox\\n\\n## What is Electronic Positive Response\\n\\n## Membership Application\\n\\nFor more information on becoming a member of USA North 811, fill out the form\\nbelow!!\\n\\n## CGA Best Practices\\n\\n## List of Members\\n\\nCalifornia\\n\\nNevada\\n\\n## Mission & History\\n\\nMission Statement\\n\\nTo cultivate public safety and damage prevention by creating cohesive lines of\\ncommunication between excavators and utility operators. Our vision of\\ntransparency and fluidity is streamlined by exceptional customer service and\\npublic education. We aim to surpass One Call industry best practice standards\\nand inspire inclusive participation from stakeholders.\\n\\nHistory\\n\\nUSA North 811 began operation in May of 1975 & incorporated as a 501 (c)(6)\\nNon-Profit Mutual Benefit Corporation in 1986. Our objective is to receive\\nplanned excavation reports from public or private excavators and to transmit\\nthose planned excavation reports to all participating utility members of USA\\nNorth 811 who may have facilities in and around that excavation site. Our\\nmembers will either: 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility,\\n2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the\\nexcavator of clearance, for facilities that they own.\\n\\n## Ticket Research Service\\n\\nPlease select a Ticket Research option below\\n\\nStandard Ticket Research\\n\\nTicket Research for Utility Members of USA North 811\\n\\nTicket Research for Subpoena use\\n\\n## Annual Newsletter\\n\\n2020 Newsletter\\n\\n2019 Newsletter\\n\\n2018 Newsletter\\n\\n## Sustaining Members & Private Locators\\n\\n# Sustaining Members\\n\\nCentral California Irrigation District\\n\\nLos Banos, CA - 209-826-1421\\n\\nM & M Electric\\n\\nSacramento, CA 916-929-0150\\n\\nThe Don Chapin Company Inc.\\n\\nSalinas, CA 831-444-4191\\n\\nUnderground Construction Company Inc\\n\\nBenicia, CA 707-746-8800\\n\\nWattis Construction Company Inc.\\n\\nSan Jose, CA 408-293-3669\\n\\n# Private Locators\\n\\nGlobal Utility Tracking System\\n\\nCourtland, CA 209-993-2700\\n\\nInstrument Technology Corp\\n\\nSebastopol, CA 800-519-1998\\n\\nPacific Coast Locators\\n\\nLa Crescenta, CA 818-249-7700\\n\\nSubtronic Corporation\\n\\nMartinez, CA 925-228-8771\\n\\nUnderground Utility Detection Services\\n\\nCrescent City, CA 707-954-4164\\n\\n## Board of Directors & Stakeholders\\n\\n## Damage Prevention Partners\\n\\nCalifornia Regional Common Ground Alliance\\n\\nThe California Regional Common Ground Alliance (CARCGA) is a 501(c)(6) non-\\nprofit mutual benefit corporation dedicated to ensuring public safety,\\nenvironmental protection, and integrity of underground services in California.\\nCARCGA is a Regional Partner of the Common Ground Alliance (CGA). Through the\\neffective promotion of CGA’s damage prevention best practices, CARGCA boasts\\nparticipation from a variety of stakeholders including but not limited to\\nutility operators and professional excavators.\\n\\nCommon Ground Alliance\\n\\nCGA is a member-driven association of 1,700 individuals, organizations and\\nsponsors in every facet of the underground utility industry. Established in\\n2000, CGA is committed to saving lives and preventing damage to underground\\ninfrastructure by promoting effective damage prevention practices. CGA has\\nestablished itself as the leading organization in an effort to reduce damages\\nto underground facilities in North America through shared responsibility among\\nall stakeholders.\\n\\nNevada Regional Common Ground Alliance\\n\\nThe Nevada Regional Common Ground Alliance is open to any individual,\\norganization, municipality or corporation interested in the promotion of\\nunderground damage prevention in the state of Nevada. The NRCGA provides a\\nforum for members and non-members to exchange information and ideas at monthly\\nmeetings, offers free excavator training on damage prevention and Nevada\\nexcavation law, and holds events throughout the year to educate homeowners and\\nexcavators about the importance of calling 811 before beginning any digging\\nproject.\\n\\nNICE inContact\\n\\nNICE InContact is our latest technology partner that will be providing our\\nContact Center with a state of the art customer service phone system that will\\nbe available before 2020.\\n\\nNorfield\\n\\nNorfield is a member-owned technology organization, consisting of notification\\ncenters for California (Northern and Southern), Colorado, Illinois, Michigan,\\nNevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Utah, and Virginia, who collectively process\\nover ten million incoming excavation notification requests annually.\\n\\nWebTMS\\n\\nWebTMS is a multi-center, web-based One Call Ticket Management System for\\nreceiving locate request tickets, managing locator workflow and assignments,\\ntransmitting positive responses back to the originating One Call Center,\\ntransmitting notifications to excavators, and providing metrics for managers\\nto effectively manage their locate teams and response times. USA North 811\\noffers utility operators this ticket management solution free of charge.\\n\\n## Privacy Policy\\n\\n * INTRODUCTION\\n\\nAGREEMENT AND PARTIES. Underground Service Alert of Northern California and\\nNevada (\\\"USA North,\\\" \\\"us,\\\" or \\\"we\\\") respects the privacy of the visitors to\\nthe USA North website (collectively \\\"website\\\" or \\\"site\\\"). This privacy policy\\n(\\\"privacy policy\\\" or \\\"policy\\\") is an agreement between USA North and you, as\\nthe user of the USA North website (\\\"you\\\"). This agreement tells you when this\\npolicy is effective, what information we collect from you, how we might use\\nit, how you can review or change the personal information you provided to us,\\nand how we may change this policy. We encourage users to read this policy\\nprior to accessing the features of the site.\\n\\n * AGREEMENT TO TERMS OF PRIVACY POLICY AND TERMS OF USE\\n\\nAGREEMENT TO TERMS. All activities in which you may engage on this website are\\nvoluntary. You are not required to provide any personal information to us\\nunless you choose to access features on this site which require the\\ninformation. If you do not agree with the terms of this policy or other terms\\nof use on this website, then you should immediately exit this website and\\ndiscontinue using the site. If you do not agree with the terms of our privacy\\npolicy, please do not provide us with any personal information and leave this\\nwebsite. By using the USA North website, you signify that you agree to the\\nterms of this privacy policy.\\n\\n * EFFECTIVE DATE OF AND CHANGES TO PRIVACY POLICY EFFECTIVE DATES.\\n\\nThis privacy policy is effective as of June 7, 2019, and will remain in effect\\nexcept with respect to any of its provisions that are changed in the future,\\nin which case the changes will become effective on the date they are posted on\\nthe website or we otherwise notify you of the changes. We reserve the right to\\nchange this privacy policy at any time. Changes, modifications, additions, or\\ndeletions will be effective immediately upon their posting to this site. You\\nshould check this policy periodically as its terms may change from time to\\ntime. Your continued use of the site after we post any such modifications will\\nconstitute your acknowledgement of the modified policy and your agreement to\\nabide and be bound by the modified policy. We will also revise the \\\"last\\nupdated\\\" date found at the beginning of this privacy policy when we post\\nchanges to it.\\n\\n * POLICY APPLICABLE TO ONLINE ACTIVITIES ONLY DISCLAIMERS.\\n\\nThe privacy policy does not extend to anything that is inherent in the\\noperation of the Internet, and therefore beyond USA North's control, and is\\nnot to be applied in any manner contrary to applicable law or governmental\\nregulation. This online privacy policy only applies to information collected\\nthrough this site. This privacy policy does not apply to any information we\\nmay collect from you in any place other than this website.\\n\\n * PERSONAL INFORMATION WE MAY COLLECT\\n\\nTYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. We may ask you for certain information\\nreferred to as \\\"personal information,\\\" which includes information that\\npertains to your identity. Such information may include, but is not limited\\nto, items such as your name, company affiliation, address, e-mail address, and\\ntelephone number. You may be required to provide personal information to\\naccess or use certain parts of our website or features of the site. If you do\\nnot provide the requested personal information, you may not be able to access\\nor use the features of the site where such information is requested.\\n\\n * PERSONAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOU\\n\\nUSE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION. We will primarily use the personal information we\\nreceive from you to provide services to you, including, but not limited to,\\nthe following: A. To administer and fulfil the purpose of the USA North\\nprogram. B. To send surveys to you about our service to better understand your\\ninterests and needs, so we can improve our services. If you no longer wish to\\nreceive any e-mails from us you may opt out (see Section 12).\\n\\nC. To send alerts to you about our service, updates, changes, and outages. If\\nyou no longer wish to receive any SMS messages from us you may opt out (see\\nSection 12 and 13).\\n\\n * GENERAL INFORMATION WE MAY COLLECT\\n\\nTYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. There may be other instances in which we\\ncollect information from you that is more general in nature (\\\"general\\ninformation\\\"). Such information may include your Internet Protocol (IP)\\naddress, which enables us to identify your computer or device on a\\nTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network, which\\nincludes the World Wide Web. Your computer has an IP address, which is\\nrequired in order for you to communicate with others via the Internet. Such\\ngeneral information, including cookies, as mentioned below, may be collected\\nfrom you whenever you access the site, whether or not you provide us with any\\npersonal information.\\n\\n7.1. Click Stream Data\\n\\nWhen you visit our website we may also collect \\\"click stream data\\\" (server\\naddress, domain name). This information can be combined with information you\\nhave provided to us by registering, for example, which will enable us to\\nanalyze and better customize your visits. We may use click stream data for\\ntraffic analysis of our website to determine which features of our site are\\nmost or least effective or useful to you.\\n\\n7.2. Cookies\\n\\nWe may also use cookies to gather information about your visits to our website\\nand enhance your experience. More information on how we use cookies is\\navailable in the section \\\"Use of Cookies.\\\"\\n\\n7.3. How We Respond to \\\"Do Not Track\\\" Disclosures\\n\\nWe are strongly committed to not sharing nonpublic information with third\\nparties. Under this Privacy Policy, we may share your information only under\\nparticular situations, as described in this Policy. Because we protect all\\nusers in this manner, we do not change our behavior in response to a web\\nbrowser's \\\"do not track\\\" signal.\\n\\n * PROTECTION OF YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION AND GENERAL INFORMATION RISK OF INTERCEPTION.\\n\\nPlease keep in mind that whenever you give out personal information online\\nthere is a risk that third parties may intercept and use that information.\\nWhile USA North strives to protect your personal information and privacy, we\\ncannot guarantee the security of any information you disclose online. By using\\nthis site, you expressly acknowledge and agree that we do not guarantee the\\nsecurity of any data provided to or received by us through this site and that\\nany personal information, general information, or other data or information\\nreceived from you through the site is provided to us at your own risk, which\\nyou expressly assume.\\n\\n * NO USE OF THIS SITE BY PERSONS UNDER 18 PERMITTED\\n\\n9.1. Registration Declined\\n\\nUSA North intends only persons who are 18 years or older to use this website.\\nPersonal registration information submitted by and pertaining to a person\\nunder the age of 18 will not be accepted. Any general information provided by\\nand pertaining to a person under the age of 18 and gathered (for example,\\nthrough the use of cookies) during his or her visit may be used as indicated\\nin this policy (see Section 7). USA North is committed to protecting the\\nprivacy of children and has no intention of collecting personal data from\\nchildren under the age of 18. We encourage parents and guardians of children\\nunder 18 to regularly check and monitor their children's use of e-mail and\\nother activities online.\\n\\n9.2. Notice Concerning Children\\n\\nPLEASE NOTE: We are a general audience site, and do not direct any of our\\ncontent specifically at children under 13 years of age. We understand and are\\ncommitted to respecting the sensitive nature of children's privacy online. If\\nwe learn or have reason to suspect that a site user is under age 13, we will\\npromptly delete any personal information in that user's account.\\n\\n * THIRD PARTIES\\n\\n10.1. Disclosing Information to Third Parties\\n\\nWHO MAY HAVE ACCESS TO YOUR INFORMATION. USA North is comprised of various\\nparticipating members who opt to become members of USA North and who own or\\noperate any underground facilities in the area served by USA North. We provide\\nour services through member agreements with participating members. The\\nparticipating members carry or transport materials including, but not limited\\nto, water, gas, oil, fuel, and sewage, and/or conduit used for electric,\\ntelephone, or other services. USA North provides personal information to its\\nparticipating members for the purpose of providing services. Our participating\\nmembers may use your personal information for the purpose of carrying out the\\nwork as agreed with us.\\n\\nIn addition to members, USA North provides information to the California\\nUnderground Facilities Safe Excavation Board (Dig Safe Board) for purposes of\\ncompliance with and effectuating the purpose of California Government Code\\n4216 et seq.\\n\\nOur sole purpose in providing personal information to the participating\\nmembers is for use by the participating members in providing services related\\nto their membership and the USA North program as contemplated by California\\nGovernment Code 4216 et. seq. Any other use by participating members is\\nneither intended nor authorized by USA North. The participating members may\\nhave adopted individual privacy policies. However, the use of your personal\\ninformation by participating members is governed by the privacy policies of\\nthose participating members and is not subject to our control. Other than to\\nparticipating members for the purposes set out above, and except as described\\nin this policy, we do not sell, trade, or otherwise transfer your personal\\ninformation or general information to third parties without informing you in\\nadvance.\\n\\n10.2. Security\\n\\nRELEASE OF INFORMATION. USA North will release personal or general information\\nwithout your consent for security purposes, when required by law, or to\\nprevent imminent harm to any person or entity. We will disclose personal or\\ngeneral information upon receipt of a court order or subpoena, or to cooperate\\nwith a law enforcement investigation, which may include responding to requests\\nand court orders from jurisdictions outside the United States. We fully\\ncooperate with law enforcement agencies in identifying those who use our\\nservices for illegal activities. We reserve the right to report to law\\nenforcement agencies any activities that we in good faith believe to be\\nunlawful, as determined in our sole discretion. Release of your personal data\\nfor security purposes, as described in this agreement to any person or entity\\nunder any circumstances shall be based on a determination made solely by us,\\nexercising our own discretion, permission for which is expressly granted by\\nyou to us in accordance with this policy.\\n\\n10.4. Links to Third Parties\\n\\nPURPOSE OF LINKS. For your convenience and to improve the usage of the website\\nwe may insert links to third parties on this site. This privacy policy does\\nnot apply to such third-party websites. These links take you outside our\\nservice and off the USA North's site and are beyond our control. This includes\\nlinks from partners that may use USA North's logos as part of a co-branding\\nagreement. The sites those links can take you to have their own separate\\nprivacy policies, and although we seek to protect the integrity of our site,\\nUSA North is not liable for the content and activities of those sites. Your\\nvisits and access to such websites is at your own risk. Please note that those\\nother sites may send their own cookies to users, collect data, or solicit\\npersonal information.\\n\\n * AUTOMATIC COLLECTION\\n\\nCOOKIES. A cookie is a small string of information that the website you visit\\ntransfers to your computer for identification purposes. Cookies can be used to\\nfollow your activity on the website which can help to improve your website\\nexperience. Cookies are used for such activities as remembering your user name\\nand password, if you use such a feature on this site. If you prefer not to\\nreceive cookies, you may opt not to receive them. You can also have your\\ncomputer warn you whenever cookies are being used. For both options you must\\nadjust your browser (such as Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Internet Explorer, or\\nother browser) settings. There are also software products available that can\\nmanage cookies for you. Please be aware, however, that when you choose to\\nreject cookies, this choice may limit the functionality of the website you\\nvisit and you may lose access to some of its features.\\n\\n * DELETING OR MODIFYING PERSONAL INFORMATION\\n\\nCHANGING YOUR INFORMATION. You may opt out, delete, or modify your personal\\ninformation associated with a specific user account, by visiting our website\\nor by contacting us by telephone at 811. We encourage you promptly to update\\nyour personal information when it changes. However, personal information\\nsubmitted in association with a submitted USA North ticket will remain on the\\nticket and will be maintained by USA North for purposes of its own\\nrecordkeeping responsibilities and for purposes of operating its business.\\n\\n * SMS TERMS AND CONDITIONS\\n\\nPlease read these terms and conditions carefully. By opting-in to the text\\nmessaging programs, you expressly consent to receive non-marketing and\\nmarketing text messages from USA North 811 and others texting on its behalf,\\nincluding text messages made with an autodialer, at the telephone number(s)\\nthat you provide. You may opt-out of these communications at any time, and\\nconsent to receive marketing text messages is not required to purchase any\\ngoods or services.\\n\\nPROGRAM DESCRIPTION. USA North and its service providers may use an automatic\\ntelephone dialing system (“autodialer”) to deliver USA North text messages to\\nyou. USA North text messages are intended to provide you with updates and\\ninformation including service outages, event notifications, service or system\\nupgrades, local and state law updates, and other important 811 information.\\n\\nMESSAGE FREQUENCY. The number of text messages that you receive will vary\\ndepending on how many of USA North’s text messaging programs for which you\\nsign up to receive messages. You will receive a maximum of one hundred\\nmessages per month.\\n\\nCOST. Message and data rates may apply to each text message sent or received\\nin connection with text messages, as provided in your mobile telephone service\\nrate plan (please contact your mobile telephone carrier for pricing plans), in\\naddition to any applicable roaming charges. USA North does not impose a\\nseparate fee for sending text messages.\\n\\nSUPPORTED CARRIERS. Supported carriers may change from time to time, but\\ncurrently include AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, among others.\\n\\nHOW TO OPT-IN. To opt-in to receive text messages from USA North text\\nmessaging program(s), please follow the instructions provided. By opting-in,\\nyou are agreeing to the following statement: “I agree to receive\\nmarketing/autodialed text messages from USA North 811 at the mobile number I\\nhave provided. Consent is not required to purchase goods or services.”\\n\\nHOW TO OPT-OUT. To stop receiving text messages from the USA North text\\nmessaging program, text STOP to the five digit short code for the text\\nmessaging program from which you no longer wish to receive message (i.e., the\\nfive digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You will then\\nreceive confirmation of your opt-out of that text messaging program.\\n\\nPRIVACY POLICY TERMS & CONDITIONS. Please go to\\nwww.usanorth811.org/services/privacypol... to view our privacy policy and\\nterms & conditions.\\n\\nHELP. To request more information, text HELP to the five-digit short code for\\nthe text messaging program about which you have questions (i.e., the five\\ndigit number from which its text messages are being sent). You may also\\nreceive help by visiting the “contact us” page of our website\\nwww.usanorth811.org.\\n\\n * QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS\\n\\nCONTACT INFORMATION. If you have any questions or comments relating to our\\nwebsite or the privacy policy, contact us by telephone at (800) 640-5137.\\n\\n## USA North 811 Articles & Bylaws\\n\\n## 811 Promotional Order Form\\n\\n## Upcoming Education\\n\\n * ## USA North 811\\n\\n * Phone: 811 // 800-642-2444\\n * 4005 Port Chicago Hwy, Suite 100 Concord, CA 94520-1122\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Get A Copy of Your Ticket\\n\\nSelect one of the following options below if you already created a Dig Ticket\\nwith us.\\n\\nI Have My Ticket\\n\\nI Don't Have My Ticket\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Rant or Rave\\n\\nFeedback is good and sometimes it’s the only thing that causes change. Let us\\nknow if we are excelling in a certain area of our service or if we are failing\\nto meet your expectations. Either way, we want to hear about it! Please Rant\\nor Rave in the section below.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Instructional Videos\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Utility Marking Color Code & Pre-Marking Info\\n\\nPre-Marking Best Practices\\n\\nCommon Abbreviations\\n\\nGuidelines for Utility Operator Markings\\n\\nHow to Pre-Mark Video\\n\\nHow to Pre-Mark Video (En Español)\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Welcome to USA North 811 Member Services. Please choose an option below.\\n\\nUpdate Contacts and Service Area Through Our Member Portal\\n\\nWebTMS\\n\\nE-Ticket Login / Sign Up\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## WebTMS\\n\\nWebTMS Login\\n\\nWebTMS Sign Up\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## WebTMS\\n\\nWebTMS is an online ticket management program offered to USA North 811\\nmembers.\\n\\nFeatures:\\n\\n * WebTMS can send your text or voice responses for you.\\n * Paperless ticket management. WebTMS is a paperless alternative to managing your tickets.\\n * Ticket Archiving – WebTMS will automatically store all of your tickets for easy reference or storage.\\n * Maps – WebTMS will display the map created by the USA Customer Service Representative (CSR).\\n * Ticket History – retrieve tickets with complete processing histories.\\n * Reports – WebTMS provides several printable reports that can be exported into many formats.\\n\\nFor more information please submit the following\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Excavation Law\\n\\n# Select your state:\\n\\nCalifornia\\n\\nNevada\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nJoin the E-Ticket Program Today!\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program\\n\\nE-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Digging Facts\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Digging Facts\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## CA - Electronic Positive Response Codes\\n\\n1| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT \\n---|--- \\n2| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT BUT PRIVATELY OWNED UTILITY ON PROPERTY - CONTACT\\nPRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE \\n3| EXISTING MARKINGS ADEQUATE \\n4| NO MARKINGS REQUESTED \\n10| LOCATE AREA MARKED \\n11| LOCATE AREA MARKED BUT ABANDONED FACILITIES MAY BE IN THE AREA \\n12| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE OWNED UTILITY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY\\nOWNER FOR LOCATE \\n13| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE PROPERTY \\n14| PARTIALLY MARKED - MORE TIME IS NEEDED \\n15| PROVIDED FACILITY LOCATION INFORMATION TO EXCAVATOR (4216.3(a)(1)(A)(ii) \\n20| BAD ADDRESS/INCORRECT STREET/LOCATION INFO - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \\n21| NO ACCESS TO LOCATE AREA - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \\n22| NO DELINEATION - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \\n23| DELINEATED AREA DOES NOT MATCH LOCATION REQUEST - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \\n30| CONTACT FACILITY OWNER FOR FURTHER INFO \\n31| REQUIRES STAND BY AT TIME OF EXCAVATION - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER \\n32| VISIBLE OR EXPOSED FACILITY - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER IF CROSSING \\n33| HIGH PRIORITY LINE IN AREA - ON SITE MEETING REQUIRED \\n34| FIELD MEET REQUIRED - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER TO SCHEDULE \\n35| TRAFFIC CONTROL REQUIRED TO MARK FACILITIES \\n40| EXCAVATOR COMPLETED WORK PRIOR TO DUE DATE \\n41| EXCAVATOR NO SHOW FOR MEET \\n42| EXCAVATOR CANCELED REQUES \\n43| EXCAVATOR NOT DIGGING WITHIN 14 CALENDAR DAYS (PREPLANNING) \\n50| NEGOTIATED MARKING SCHEDULE \\n51| MUTUALLY AGREED TO A LATER START DATE AND TIME (4216.3(a)(1)(a)) \\n52| UNABLE TO LOCATE USING STANDARD LOCATING TECHNIQUES \\n53| SCHEDULED MEET WITH EXCAVATOR AT REQUESTED DATE AND TIME CONFIRMED \\n80| EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES EXIST - NO LOCATE DUE TO WEATHER/EMERGENCY\\nCONDITION \\n990|\\n\\nMember has been granted an extension from the EPR requirement by the Board as\\ndefined in 4216 through 12/31/2021 \\n \\n---|--- \\n999|\\n\\nMember did not respond by required time (system use only) \\n \\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Digging Facts\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Digging Facts\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## List of Members - Nevada\\n\\nNEVADA MEMBERS (202)\\n\\nAlamo Power District #3\\n\\nAlamo Sewer & Water General Improvement District\\n\\nAmerican Pacific Corporation\\n\\nAmerigas - Hawthorne / Tonopah\\n\\nAmeriGas Propane - Carson City\\n\\nAmerigas Propane 5196\\n\\nAmerigas Sparks\\n\\nAT&T Nevada\\n\\nB-PVL1, LLC\\n\\nBaja Broadband - Mesquite\\n\\nBaker Water & Sewer General Improvement District\\n\\nBasic Water Company\\n\\nBattle Mountain Water & Sewer Department\\n\\nBeatty Water & Sanitation District\\n\\nBeehive Telephone Company\\n\\nBi-State Propane - Gardnerville\\n\\nBig Bend Water District\\n\\nBlue Diamond Water Cooperative Inc\\n\\nCalifornia Broadband Cooperative Nevada\\n\\nCalNev Pipe Line Nevada\\n\\nCalNeva Broadband Nevada\\n\\nCanyon General Improvement District\\n\\nCarefree Mobile Home Park\\n\\nCC Communications\\n\\nCentraCom Interactive\\n\\nCentraCom Interactive II\\n\\nCentral Telephone Company dba CenturyLink\\n\\nCentury Telephone of the Gem State - Nevada\\n\\nCharter Communications - Nevada\\n\\nCity of Boulder City\\n\\nCity of Caliente\\n\\nCity of Carlin\\n\\nCity of Carson City Public Works\\n\\nCity of Elko\\n\\nCity of Ely Public Works District\\n\\nCity of Fallon\\n\\nCity of Fernley\\n\\nCity of Henderson\\n\\nCity of Las Vegas\\n\\nCity of Lovelock\\n\\nCity of Mesquite\\n\\nCity of North Las Vegas\\n\\nCity of Reno Corporate Yard\\n\\nCity of Sparks\\n\\nCity of Wells\\n\\nCity of West Wendover\\n\\nCity of Winnemucca\\n\\nCity of Yerington\\n\\nClark County Department of Public Works\\n\\nClark County Water Reclamation District\\n\\nColorado Interstate Gas California\\n\\nColorado Interstate Gas Company Nevada\\n\\nColorado River Commission of Nevada\\n\\nCounty of Churchill\\n\\nCounty of Douglas\\n\\nCounty of Elko\\n\\nCounty of Eureka\\n\\nCounty of Lander Road & Bridges\\n\\nCounty of Pershing\\n\\nCounty of Washoe - Utility Division\\n\\nCox Communications Nevada\\n\\nCrown Castle Nevada\\n\\nDesert Utility Inc\\n\\nDouglas County Sewer Improvement District #1\\n\\nEastland Heights Water Association\\n\\nEdgewood Water Company\\n\\nElectric Lightwave Inc Nevada\\n\\nElk Point Country Club\\n\\nElko Heat Company\\n\\nEmpire Mining Company, LLC\\n\\nEnvirogen Technologies Nevada\\n\\nEquestrian Estates Homeowners Association\\n\\nEsmeralda County Public Works\\n\\nEureka County School District\\n\\nExtenet Systems, Inc. Nevada\\n\\nFiler Mutual Telephone Company\\n\\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company - Nevada\\n\\nGardnerville Ranchos General Improvement District\\n\\nGardnerville Water Company\\n\\nGBIS Communications, LLC\\n\\nGerlach General Improvement District\\n\\nGlenbrook Water Cooperative\\n\\nGolconda Water General Improvement District\\n\\nGold Country Water Company\\n\\nGrand View Terrace General Improvement District\\n\\nHarney Electric Cooperative\\n\\nHawthorne Utility\\n\\nHillcrest Manor Water Users Association\\n\\nHumboldt County Rural Districts of Paradise Valley, Orovada and McDermitt\\n\\nHumboldt Telephone Company\\n\\nIncline Village General Improvement District\\n\\nIndian Hills General Improvement District\\n\\nIndian Springs Water Company\\n\\nKern River Gas Transmission Nevada\\n\\nKinder Morgan / SFPP Nevada\\n\\nKingsbury General Improvement District\\n\\nKingston Town Water Utility\\n\\nLander County Sewer & Water General Improvement District #2\\n\\nLas Vegas Valley Water District\\n\\nLevel 3 Communications Nevada\\n\\nLincoln County Power District #1\\n\\nLincoln County Telephone Systems Inc\\n\\nLovelock Meadows Water District\\n\\nLyon County Utility\\n\\nMcGill-Ruth Sewer & Water General Improvement District\\n\\nMCI WorldCom Nevada\\n\\nMidas Water Cooperative\\n\\nMina/Luning Water Systems\\n\\nMinden-Gardnerville Sanitary District\\n\\nMoapa Valley Telephone Company\\n\\nMoapa Valley Water District\\n\\nMobilitie, LLC\\n\\nMount Wheeler Power Inc.\\n\\nMt Charleston Water Company\\n\\nMuddy Valley Irrigation Company\\n\\nNevada Bell\\n\\nNevada Environmental Response Trust\\n\\nNevada Geothermal Utility Company\\n\\nNewmont Gold Company\\n\\nNV Energy - Northern Nevada\\n\\nNV Energy - Southern Nevada\\n\\nNye County Public Works\\n\\nOld River Water Company\\n\\nOverton Power District #5\\n\\nPahrump Utility Company\\n\\nPaiute Pipeline Company\\n\\nPanaca Farmstead Association\\n\\nParr - Reno Water Company\\n\\nPioche Public Utilities\\n\\nPleasant Valley Mobile Home Community\\n\\nPlumas-Sierra Telecommuniations Nevada\\n\\nPro-Flame Gas Company\\n\\nPropane of Wendover Inc\\n\\nProspector Pipeline Company\\n\\nQwest Communications - Nevada\\n\\nRaft River Electrict\\n\\nRainbow Cable\\n\\nRancho Cooperative Water Company\\n\\nReno Cascade Mobile Home Park\\n\\nRio Virgin Telephone Company\\n\\nRound Hill General Improvement District\\n\\nRound Mountain Public Utilites\\n\\nRural Telephone Company\\n\\nRyze Renewables Reno, LLC\\n\\nSaguaro Power Company\\n\\nSatview Broadband - Elko\\n\\nSatview Broadband LTD Nevada\\n\\nSierra Estates General Improvement District\\n\\nSilver Knolls Mutual Water Company\\n\\nSilver Springs General Improvement District\\n\\nSilver Springs Water Company\\n\\nSky Ranch Estates Owners Association, Inc\\n\\nSOC Hawthorne Division\\n\\nSouthern Nevada Water Authority\\n\\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - Northern Nevada\\n\\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - Southern Nevada\\n\\nSPB Utility Services, Inc.\\n\\nSpirit Mountain Utility Co. Inc.\\n\\nSpring Creek Utilities\\n\\nSprint - Nevada\\n\\nStagecoach General Improvement District\\n\\nStar City Property Owners Assoc\\n\\nState of Nevada Department of Admin/Ent/Info/Tech/Serv\\n\\nSteamboat Springs Water Works Inc\\n\\nStorey County Public Works\\n\\nSuburban Propane-Ely\\n\\nSuddenlink Communications - Nevada\\n\\nSun Valley Water & Sanitation District\\n\\nSunrise Acres Water Association\\n\\nSurprise Valley Electrification Corp - Nevada\\n\\nSwissport Fueling of Nevada, Inc.\\n\\nSWITCH LTD.\\n\\nSWITCH Business Solutions Owned by SWITCH LTD\\n\\nTahoe Reno Industrial Center /TRI-GID\\n\\nTahoe-Douglas District\\n\\nTeam Fishel\\n\\nTelecommunications of Nevada LLC dba XO Communications\\n\\nThe Boeing Company\\n\\nThree Crowns Mobile Manor\\n\\nTIMET - Titanium Metals Corporation\\n\\nTopaz Ranch Estates Water Company\\n\\nTown of Gardnerville\\n\\nTown of Minden\\n\\nTrout Gulch Mutual Water Corporation\\n\\nTruckee Sanitary District\\n\\nUNEV Pipeline LLC\\n\\nUniversity of Nevada Reno\\n\\nUSA Media Group-Reno\\n\\nUtilities Inc of Central Nevada\\n\\nUtilities Inc of Nevada\\n\\nValley Electric Association Inc Nevada\\n\\nVerdi Meadows Utility Company\\n\\nVerdi Mutual Water Company\\n\\nViasat, Inc. Nevada\\n\\nVirgin Valley Water District\\n\\nWalker Lake Water General Improvement District\\n\\nWebb Mobile Home Park LLC\\n\\nWells Rural Electric Company\\n\\nWesco Operating, Inc.\\n\\nWesPac Pipelines Ltd\\n\\nWestern States Propane\\n\\nZAYO\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Design Research Form – Non Member\\n\\nThis is the Design Research order form for Non Members of USA North 811\\n(Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc).\\n\\nResearch results will be sent to you within 2 weeks after receipt of payment.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Ticket Research Form – Non Member\\n\\nThis is the Ticket Research order form for non-members of USA North 811\\n(Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc). The ticket research will cover a\\n28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found.\\nAdditional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard\\nresearch window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will\\nbe processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent\\n- $30 Check Payment or $32 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of\\nresearch time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional\\ncharge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\nPlease fill out the information below and hit submit. Our Online Services\\ndepartment will be in touch with you shortly regarding your account.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## E-Ticket Access Form\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Design Inquiry Sign Up\\n\\nDesign Inquiry Membership: The Design Inquiry Membership provides participants\\nwith 24/7 access to USA North’s online engineering contact information inquiry\\nprogram. The resulting inquiries provide the participant with a list of the\\nengineering contact information for each USA North member who may have\\nfacilities at the designated design site, in order to expedite their design\\nprocess.\\n\\nUsing the USA North member engineering contact information, you will be able\\nto contact each USA North Member identified, and request that they provide you\\nwith their underground facility as-built drawings, red-line their facilities\\non your design drawings, and/or discuss your design work with them.\\n\\nImportant information:\\n\\nYour unique user name and password must be kept secure at all times. Sharing\\nit with others will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry\\nMembership\\n\\nThe Design Inquiry Member assumes total responsibility for selecting a correct\\nand accurate design site USA North will only display USA North members who\\nindicate that they may have underground facilities at the design site at the\\ntime and date that the design inquiry is submitted. Each design inquiry is\\ntime and date stamped for this purpose. It is the responsibility of the Design\\nInquiry Member to contact any non-USA North facility owners at the design\\nsite.\\n\\nSharing the USA North Design Inquiry engineering contact information with\\naffiliate organizations or other 3rd party entities will result in immediate\\ntermination of your Design Inquiry Membership.\\n\\nDesign Inquiry Members agree to hold USA North harmless against any and all\\nclaims arising out of the design site that they entered. Annual Design Inquiry\\nMembership Fee for non-USA North members – $132.00 annually\\n\\nIncludes 1 user name and password per company Affiliate organizations are\\nrequired to have their own Design Inquiry Membership Additional intra-company\\nDesign Inquiry memberships – $30.00 annually To become a Design Inquiry member\\nor to find out more information, please complete the following\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## NV - Electronic Positive Response Codes\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Positive Response Sign Up\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Excavation Law California\\n\\n# Select an option below\\n\\nEXCAVATION LAW\\n\\nCALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS - TITLE 19\\n\\nEXCAVATION LAW - PDF\\n\\nEXCAVATION HANDBOOK - PDF\\n\\nLEYES DE EXCAVACIÓN - PDF\\n\\nMANUAL DE EXCAVACIÓN - PDF\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Excavation Law Nevada\\n\\n# Select Language\\n\\nEnglish\\n\\nEspañol\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Utility Operator FAQs\\n\\nHow much does it cost to become a member? There is a $150 annual flat rate fee\\nwhich is prorated based off when you membership becomes active. The flat rate\\nfee get you the first 200 tickets free. Any tickets you receive over the 200\\nwill then be billed according to what percentage that is compared to all\\nbillable tickets by all members divided by the approved budget.\\n\\nWhy am I required to be a member? 4216.1. Every operator of a subsurface\\ninstallation, except the Department of Transportation, shall become a member\\nof, participate in, and share in the costs of, a regional notification center.\\nOperators of subsurface installations who are members of, participate in, and\\nshare in, the costs of a regional notification center, including, but not\\nlimited to, the Underground Service Alert—Northern California or the\\nUnderground Service Alert—Southern California are in compliance with this\\nsection and Section 4216.9. A regional USA North 811 Overview CGA Best\\nPractices - Appendix B CA Government Code 4216 36 notification center shall\\nnot charge a fee to a person for notifying the regional notification center to\\nobtain a ticket or to renew a ticket. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 809, Sec.\\n3. Effective January 1, 2017.)\\n\\nHow do I update my company contact info? To update your company contact info\\nplease fill out the form at the link below. If you have questions regarding\\nthis please send them to memberservices@usanorth811.org\\n\\nCompany Contact Info Update Form\\n\\nHow to I update my service area? There are 2 ways you can update your service\\narea. The first and easiest option is by using shape files. If you have shape\\nfiles for your service area then please send them over to\\nmemberservices@usanorth811.org. The second option is to use our polygon\\nmaintenance editor using the link below. This option requires you to have\\nlogin credentials first. If you don’t have credentials and are not listed on\\nthe membership already then your company representative will have to give\\npermissions first before we can create those for you. Polygon editor program:\\nnewtin.usan.org\\n\\nHow do I respond to tickets I receive? In response to the receipt of planned\\nexcavation reports our members will either 1) mark or stake the horizontal\\npath of their facility; 2) provide information about the location of their\\nfacility, or 3) advise the excavator about the clearance, of facilities that\\nthey own, operate, and/or maintain.\\n\\nWhat is Electronic Positive Response? Electronic Positive Response (+Res or\\nPosRes) is a system that encourages communication from member utility\\ncompanies to USA North 811; notifying us of the status of the ticket or the\\nmethod they chose to respond to a ticket. Excavation law in California and\\nNevada already requires that all utility members respond to every request they\\nreceive by either marking the site, notifying the excavator that the site is\\nclear of their facilities, or providing information to the excavator regarding\\nthe location of the facilities (i.e. maps, drawings, etc.). Electronic\\nPositive Response goes one step further by allowing the utility member to then\\nnotify USA North 811 how they chose to respond to the ticket. USA North 811\\nwill then publish these responses online allowing contractors, excavators, and\\nhomeowners in California and Nevada the ability to check the status of\\nresponses to their ticket request online 24×7. At this time, electronic\\npositive response is voluntary in both California and Nevada. Therefore you\\nmay not always see an electronic positive response from all utility members\\nposted online. Please make sure and do your due diligence in tracking\\nresponses from the utility members on your ticket request. You need to ensure\\nthat you have received a response from all utility members on your ticket\\nbefore proceeding with your digging project. For more information regarding\\nelectronic positive response, go online to www.USANorth811.org/posres\\n\\nWhat is WebTMS? WebTMS is our ticket management program that is offered all of\\nour members to help them respond and manage any tickets they receive. If\\ninterested, below is a link to our WebTMS sign up form. WebTMS is for our\\nutility members only and will not benefit contractors. WebTMS Sign up form:\\nhttp://usanorth811.org/webtms-information-request/\\n\\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements?\\n\\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\\n\\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\\n\\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## List of Members - California\\n\\nCALIFORNIA MEMBERS (1292)\\n\\n260 Resource Management LLC\\n\\nA.F.P. Mutual Water Company\\n\\nAA Production Services\\n\\nABA Energy Corporation\\n\\nAdams Springs Water District\\n\\nAera Energy LLC\\n\\nAera Energy LLC - Oil\\n\\nAera Energy LLC - Water\\n\\nAFBCA-McClellan Air Force Base\\n\\nAgate Bay Water Company\\n\\nAHTNA Engineering Services\\n\\nAHTNA Environmental, Inc.\\n\\nAhwahnee Maintenance District 46\\n\\nAir Force Real Property Agency - Mather\\n\\nAir Products Manufacturing Company\\n\\nAircraft Services International Inc.\\n\\nAlameda County Flood Control-Zone 7 - Del Valle Water Treatment Plant\\n\\nAlameda County Water District\\n\\nAlco Water\\n\\nAllensworth Community Services District\\n\\nAlluvial / Fancher Waste Water District #42\\n\\nAlmonte Sanitary District\\n\\nAlon Bakersfield Property Inc\\n\\nAlpaugh Community Services District\\n\\nAlpine Meadow Community Supported Agriculture #13\\n\\nAlpine Natural Gas\\n\\nAlpine Springs County Water District\\n\\nAlto Sanitary District\\n\\nAmador Regional Sanitation Authority\\n\\nAmador Water Agency\\n\\nAMEC\\n\\nAmerican Valley Community Services District\\n\\nAmerican Water Service - East Palo Alto\\n\\nAmerican Yeast Corporation\\n\\nAmerigas - Concord 0125\\n\\nAmerigas - Lakeport\\n\\nAmeriGas - Redding\\n\\nAmeriGas Propane\\n\\nAmerigas Propane - 1031\\n\\nAmerigas Propane - Dist 0071\\n\\nAmerigas Propane - Walker / Bridgeport\\n\\nAmeriGas-Mammoth Lakes\\n\\nAmeriGas-Susanville\\n\\nAnacapa Oil Corporation C/O Dos Rios Inc.\\n\\nAnchor Brewing\\n\\nAndeavor Martinez Refinery\\n\\nAnderson Springs Community Services District\\n\\nAnderson-Cottonwood Irrigation District\\n\\nAntea Group\\n\\nAntelope Valley Water Storage, LLC\\n\\nAntelope Valley-East Kern Water\\n\\nApple Inc.\\n\\nAptim Federal Servcies, LLC\\n\\nArbor Point - Mobile Home Community\\n\\nArbuckle Public Utility District\\n\\nArcher Operations California LLC\\n\\nArmona Community Services District\\n\\nArmstrong Petroleum Corporation\\n\\nAromas Water District\\n\\nArroyo Seco Estates Mutual Water Company\\n\\nArvin Community Services District\\n\\nArvin Edison Water Storage District\\n\\nAster Apartments\\n\\nAT&T California\\n\\nAtascadero Mutual Water Company\\n\\nAtlantic Oil Company\\n\\nAuburn Public Cemetery District\\n\\nAvila Beach Community Services District\\n\\nBakman Water Company Inc\\n\\nBank of Stockton\\n\\nBanta-Carbona Irrigation District\\n\\nBarton Health\\n\\nBass Lake Heights Mutual Water Company\\n\\nBass Lake SA-2\\n\\nBass Lake Water Company\\n\\nBayshore Sanitary District\\n\\nBear Valley Community Services District\\n\\nBear Valley Water District\\n\\nBedel Mutual Water Company\\n\\nBella Vista Water District\\n\\nBelmont Manor Community Supported Agriculture #14\\n\\nBelridge Water Storage District\\n\\nBerrenda Mesa Water District\\n\\nBerry Petroleum Company\\n\\nBi-State Propane - Portola\\n\\nBig Rock Community Services District\\n\\nBlack Rascal Water Company Inc\\n\\nBlue Diamond Growers\\n\\nBlue Lake Rancheria Dept of Energy & Technologies\\n\\nBlue Lake Springs Mutual Water Company\\n\\nBlue Star Gas\\n\\nBodega Bay Public Utility District\\n\\nBolinas Community Public Utility District\\n\\nBoron Community Services District\\n\\nBright House Networks - Bakersfield\\n\\nBright House Networks - Tehachapi\\n\\nBroadview Terrace Mutual Water Company\\n\\nBroadway Plaza - Macerich Co.\\n\\nBrowns Valley Irrigation District\\n\\nBuckeye Terminals LLC\\n\\nBuckingham Park Water District\\n\\nBuena Vista Energy\\n\\nBulldog Gas & Power LLC\\n\\nBurney Water District\\n\\nButte County Office of Education\\n\\nButte Creek Utilities LLC\\n\\nButtonwillow County Water District\\n\\nBWMR&M Association\\n\\nByron Bethany Irrigation District\\n\\nByron Sanitary District\\n\\nCadence Design System\\n\\nCAE USA - Inc\\n\\nCalaveras County Road Department\\n\\nCalaveras County Water District\\n\\nCalaveras Public Utilities District\\n\\nCalaveras Telephone Company\\n\\nCalgren Dairy Fuels LLC\\n\\nCalifornia American Water - Monterey\\n\\nCalifornia American Water - Sacramento\\n\\nCalifornia Broadband Cooperative California\\n\\nCalifornia College of the Arts\\n\\nCalifornia Department of Parks & Recreation - Col Allensworth State Historic\\nPark\\n\\nCalifornia Department of Toxic Substances Control\\n\\nCalifornia Department of Water Resources\\n\\nCalifornia Pines Community Services District\\n\\nCalifornia Resources\\n\\nCalifornia Resources Corporaton - North Thermal Operations\\n\\nCalifornia Resources Elk Hills, LLC\\n\\nCalifornia Resources Production Corporation - Sacramento Valley\\n\\nCalifornia State University Monterey Bay\\n\\nCalifornia State Univiversity Sacramento\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Atherton\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Bakersfield\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Bayshore District\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Chico\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Dixon\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Lake Isabella\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Livermore\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Los Altos\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Marysville\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Oroville\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Quartz Hill\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Salinas\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Selma\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Stockton\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Visalia\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services - Willows\\n\\nCalifornia Water Services Redwood Valley District\\n\\nCalifornia-Oregon Telephone Company\\n\\nCallayomi County Water District\\n\\nCalNev Pipe Line California\\n\\nCalNeva Broadband LLC\\n\\nCalpella County Water District\\n\\nCalpine - Geysers Power Company LLC\\n\\nCalpine Construction Finance Company LP - Sutter Energy\\n\\nCalpine King City Cogen LLC\\n\\nCambria Community Services District\\n\\nCamp Meeker Recreation & Park - Water\\n\\nCampora Propane Services\\n\\nCanada Woods Water Reclamation Company\\n\\nCantua Creek Community Supported Agriculture #32\\n\\nCapitol Oil Corporation\\n\\nCarmel Area Wastewater District\\n\\nCarmel Riviera Mutual Water Company\\n\\nCarmichael Water District\\n\\nCaruthers Community Services District\\n\\nCasa Loma Water Company Inc\\n\\nCaspar South Services Company\\n\\nCastella Community Supported Agriculture #3\\n\\nCastle Airport Aviation and Development Center\\n\\nCastro Valley Sanitary District\\n\\nCastroville Community Services District\\n\\nCawelo Water District\\n\\nCayucos Beach Mutual Water Company\\n\\nCayucos Sanitary District\\n\\nCebridge Connections\\n\\nCedar Flat Improvement Association\\n\\nCenterville Community Services District\\n\\nCentral Coast Water Authority\\n\\nCentral Contra Costa Sanitary District\\n\\nCentral Marin Sanitation Agency\\n\\nCentral Valley Gas Storage, LLC\\n\\nCentral Water District\\n\\nCepheid\\n\\nCH2M Hill Constructors, Inc.\\n\\nCharter Communications - Crescent City\\n\\nCharter Communications - Gilroy\\n\\nCharter Communications - Rosamond\\n\\nCharter Communications - San Luis Obispo\\n\\nCharter Communications - Tulare\\n\\nCharter Communications - Turlock\\n\\nChester Public Utilities District\\n\\nChevron Cymric\\n\\nChevron Environmental Management Company\\n\\nChevron Midway Sunset\\n\\nChevron North America, Exploration & Production - Coalinga Area\\n\\nChevron North America, Exploration & Production Company\\n\\nChevron Pipe Line Company\\n\\nChevron USA\\n\\nChildren's Hospital Central California\\n\\nChowchilla Water District\\n\\nChristian Valley Park Community Services District\\n\\nChuk Chansi SA-14\\n\\nCircle Oaks County Water Department\\n\\nCitrus Heights Water District\\n\\nCity & County of San Francisco Heat/Power/Light\\n\\nCity & County of San Francisco Parking & Traffic\\n\\nCity & County of San Francisco Public Works\\n\\nCity & County of San Francisco Water\\n\\nCity of Alameda\\n\\nCity of Albany\\n\\nCity of Alturas\\n\\nCity of American Canyon\\n\\nCity of Anderson\\n\\nCity of Angels Camp\\n\\nCity of Antioch\\n\\nCity of Arcata\\n\\nCity of Arroyo Grande\\n\\nCity of Arvin\\n\\nCity of Atascadero\\n\\nCity of Atwater\\n\\nCity of Auburn\\n\\nCity of Avenal\\n\\nCity of Bakersfield\\n\\nCity of Belmont\\n\\nCity of Belvedere\\n\\nCity of Benicia\\n\\nCity of Berkeley Public Works Engineering Division\\n\\nCity of Biggs\\n\\nCity of Blue Lake\\n\\nCity of Brentwood\\n\\nCity of Brisbane\\n\\nCity of Burlingame\\n\\nCity of California City\\n\\nCity of Calistoga\\n\\nCity of Campbell Public Works\\n\\nCity of Carmel-by-the Sea\\n\\nCity of Ceres\\n\\nCity of Chowchilla\\n\\nCity of Citrus Heights\\n\\nCity of Clayton\\n\\nCity of Cloverdale\\n\\nCity of Clovis\\n\\nCity of Coalinga\\n\\nCity of Colusa\\n\\nCity of Concord\\n\\nCity of Corcoran\\n\\nCity of Corning\\n\\nCity of Cotati\\n\\nCity of Crescent City\\n\\nCity of Cupertino\\n\\nCity of Daly City\\n\\nCity of Danville\\n\\nCity of Davis\\n\\nCity of Delano\\n\\nCity of Dinuba\\n\\nCity of Dixon\\n\\nCity of Dos Palos\\n\\nCity of Dublin\\n\\nCity of Dunsmuir\\n\\nCity of East Palo Alto\\n\\nCity of El Cerrito\\n\\nCity of Elk Grove\\n\\nCity of Emeryville\\n\\nCity of Escalon\\n\\nCity of Eureka\\n\\nCity of Exeter\\n\\nCity of Fairfield\\n\\nCity of Farmersville\\n\\nCity of Ferndale\\n\\nCity of Firebaugh\\n\\nCity of Folsom\\n\\nCity of Fort Bragg\\n\\nCity of Fortuna\\n\\nCity of Foster City\\n\\nCity of Fowler\\n\\nCity of Fremont Engineering Division\\n\\nCity of Fresno\\n\\nCity of Galt\\n\\nCity of Gilroy\\n\\nCity of Gonzales\\n\\nCity of Grass Valley\\n\\nCity of Greenfield\\n\\nCity of Gridley\\n\\nCity of Grover Beach\\n\\nCity of Gustine\\n\\nCity of Hayward\\n\\nCity of Healdsburg\\n\\nCity of Hercules\\n\\nCity of Hollister\\n\\nCity of Hughson\\n\\nCity of Ione\\n\\nCity of Isleton\\n\\nCity of Jackson\\n\\nCity of Kerman\\n\\nCity of King City\\n\\nCity of Kingsburg\\n\\nCity of Lakeport\\n\\nCity of Larkspur\\n\\nCity of Lathrop\\n\\nCity of Lemoore\\n\\nCity of Lincoln\\n\\nCity of Lindsay\\n\\nCity of Live Oak\\n\\nCity of Livermore\\n\\nCity of Livingston\\n\\nCity of Lodi\\n\\nCity of Los Altos\\n\\nCity of Los Banos Department of Public Works\\n\\nCity of Loyalton\\n\\nCity of Madera\\n\\nCity of Manteca\\n\\nCity of Marina\\n\\nCity of Martinez\\n\\nCity of Marysville\\n\\nCity of McFarland\\n\\nCity of Mendota\\n\\nCity of Menlo Park\\n\\nCity of Merced\\n\\nCity of Mill Valley\\n\\nCity of Millbrae\\n\\nCity of Milpitas\\n\\nCity of Modesto\\n\\nCity of Montague\\n\\nCity of Monterey\\n\\nCity of Morgan Hill\\n\\nCity of Morro Bay\\n\\nCity of Mountain View\\n\\nCity of Mt Shasta\\n\\nCity of Napa\\n\\nCity of Nevada City\\n\\nCity of Newark\\n\\nCity of Newman\\n\\nCity of Novato\\n\\nCity of Oakdale\\n\\nCity of Oakland\\n\\nCity of Oakley\\n\\nCity of Orange Cove\\n\\nCity of Orinda\\n\\nCity of Orland\\n\\nCity of Oroville\\n\\nCity of Pacific Grove\\n\\nCity of Pacifica\\n\\nCity of Palo Alto\\n\\nCity of Parlier\\n\\nCity of Paso Robles\\n\\nCity of Patterson\\n\\nCity of Petaluma\\n\\nCity of Piedmont\\n\\nCity of Pinole\\n\\nCity of Pismo Beach\\n\\nCity of Pittsburg\\n\\nCity of Placerville\\n\\nCity of Pleasant Hill\\n\\nCity of Pleasanton\\n\\nCity of Plymouth\\n\\nCity of Point Arena\\n\\nCity of Porterville\\n\\nCity of Portola\\n\\nCity of Rancho Cordova\\n\\nCity of Red Bluff\\n\\nCity of Redding\\n\\nCity of Redwood City Public Works\\n\\nCity of Reedley\\n\\nCity of Richmond\\n\\nCity of Ridgecrest\\n\\nCity of Rio Dell\\n\\nCity of Rio Vista\\n\\nCity of Ripon\\n\\nCity of Riverbank\\n\\nCity of Rocklin\\n\\nCity of Rohnert Park\\n\\nCity of Roseville\\n\\nCity of Sacramento\\n\\nCity of Salinas\\n\\nCity of San Bruno\\n\\nCity of San Carlos\\n\\nCity of San Jose\\n\\nCity of San Juan Bautista\\n\\nCity of San Leandro\\n\\nCity of San Luis Obispo\\n\\nCity of San Mateo\\n\\nCity of San Rafael\\n\\nCity of San Ramon\\n\\nCity of Sanger\\n\\nCity of Santa Clara\\n\\nCity of Santa Cruz\\n\\nCity of Santa Rosa\\n\\nCity of Sausalito\\n\\nCity of Scotts Valley\\n\\nCity of Seaside\\n\\nCity of Sebastopol\\n\\nCity of Selma\\n\\nCity of Shafter\\n\\nCity of Shasta Lake\\n\\nCity of Soledad\\n\\nCity of Sonoma\\n\\nCity of Sonora\\n\\nCity of South Lake Tahoe\\n\\nCity of South San Francisco\\n\\nCity of St. Helena\\n\\nCity of Stockton\\n\\nCity of Suisun City\\n\\nCity of Sunnyvale\\n\\nCity of Susanville\\n\\nCity of Taft\\n\\nCity of Tehachapi\\n\\nCity of Tehama\\n\\nCity of Tracy\\n\\nCity of Trinidad\\n\\nCity of Tulare\\n\\nCity of Turlock\\n\\nCity of Ukiah\\n\\nCity of Union City\\n\\nCity of Vacaville\\n\\nCity of Vallejo\\n\\nCity of Visalia\\n\\nCity of Walnut Creek\\n\\nCity of Wasco\\n\\nCity of Waterford\\n\\nCity of Watsonville\\n\\nCity of Weed\\n\\nCity of West Sacramento\\n\\nCity of Wheatland\\n\\nCity of Williams\\n\\nCity of Willits\\n\\nCity of Willows\\n\\nCity of Winters\\n\\nCity of Woodlake\\n\\nCity of Woodland\\n\\nCity of Yreka\\n\\nCity of Yuba City\\n\\nClear Creek Community Services District\\n\\nClear Creek Community Services District - Lassen County\\n\\nClearlake Oaks County Water District\\n\\nCoarsegold South Maintenance District 63A\\n\\nCoastside County Water District\\n\\nCobb Area County Water District\\n\\nColusa County Water District\\n\\nColusa Properties Inc.\\n\\nComcast\\n\\nCommunity Medical Centers\\n\\nConcordia Resources Inc C/O Cabral Production\\n\\nConsolidated Communications\\n\\nConsolidated Communications II\\n\\nConterra Broadband Services\\n\\nContra Costa County Service Area M-28\\n\\nContra Costa Water District\\n\\nCoreSite Realty Corporation\\n\\nCorning Water District\\n\\nCostco Wholesale - Santa Cruz\\n\\nCosumnes Community Services District\\n\\nCottonwood Community Supported Agriculture #17\\n\\nCottonwood Water District\\n\\nCoulterville Water District\\n\\nCounty of Alameda\\n\\nCounty of Contra Costa\\n\\nCounty of Del Norte Community Development Department\\n\\nCounty of Lake\\n\\nCounty of Nevada Sanitation District #1\\n\\nCounty of Placer\\n\\nCounty of Sacramento\\n\\nCounty of San Joaquin\\n\\nCounty of San Luis Obispo\\n\\nCounty of San Luis Obispo Telecom\\n\\nCounty of San Mateo\\n\\nCounty of Santa Clara\\n\\nCounty of Santa Cruz\\n\\nCounty of Sonoma\\n\\nCounty of Stanislaus\\n\\nCounty of Yolo\\n\\nCounty of Yolo Communications\\n\\nCounty Service Area #23-Craig View\\n\\nCPN Pipeline Company\\n\\nCreed Energy Center LLC\\n\\nCrestwood West Coast LLC\\n\\nCrimson Pipeline LP\\n\\nCrimson Resource Managment\\n\\nCrockett Cogeneration\\n\\nCrockett Sanitary Department\\n\\nCrossPoint Community Church of Modesto\\n\\nCrown Castle California\\n\\nCrows Landing Community Services District\\n\\nCruzio Media, Inc.\\n\\nCuesta La Honda Guild\\n\\nCumorah Knolls Community Supported Agriculture #10\\n\\nCupertino Sanitary District\\n\\nCutler Public Utilities District\\n\\nCVIN LLC\\n\\nD.E.O.\\n\\nDel Oro Water - Ferndale\\n\\nDel Oro Water Company - Magalia\\n\\nDel Paso Manor Water\\n\\nDel Rey Community Services District\\n\\nDelano-Earlimart Irrigation District\\n\\nDelhi County Water District\\n\\nDelta Dental Plan of California\\n\\nDelta Diablo Sanitation District\\n\\nDelta Energy Center LLC\\n\\nDelta Liquid Energy\\n\\nDenair Community Services District\\n\\nDERWA\\n\\nDesert Lake Community Services District\\n\\nDiablo Water District\\n\\nDick Brown Technical Service\\n\\nDick Brown Technical Service - Borax\\n\\nDigital Transport Corporation\\n\\nDigital West Networks, Inc.\\n\\nDillon Estates Maintenance District 60\\n\\nDon Pedro Sewer District\\n\\nDonner Summit Public Utilities District\\n\\nDos Palos Area Joint Power Agency\\n\\nDow Chemical\\n\\nDublin San Ramon Services District\\n\\nDucor Telephone Company\\n\\nDudley Ridge Water District\\n\\nDuke Energy Renewables\\n\\nDunnigan Water District\\n\\nDurham Irrigation District\\n\\nE & B Natural Resources Management Corporation\\n\\nEarlimart Public Utilities District\\n\\nEast Bay Dischargers Authority\\n\\nEast Bay Municipal Utilities District\\n\\nEast Bay Municipal Utility District Wastewater Department\\n\\nEast Contra Costa Irrigation District\\n\\nEast Niles Community Services District\\n\\nEast Palo Alto Sanitary District\\n\\nEastern Sierra Propane\\n\\nEastin Arcola Maintenance District 36\\n\\nEastside Water Association\\n\\nEl Camino Irrigation District\\n\\nEl Dorado Hills Community Services District\\n\\nEl Dorado Irrigation District\\n\\nEl Paso Natural Gas Company\\n\\nEl Porvenir Community Supported Agriculture #30\\n\\nElk Grove Water Service\\n\\nEnergy Operations Managment / CGG\\n\\nEnergy Operations Managment / DGG\\n\\nEnergy Operations Managment / SVP\\n\\nEnergy Operations Managment / YPC\\n\\nErskine Creek Water Company\\n\\nEscape Broadband\\n\\nEsparto Community Services District\\n\\nExeter Irrigation District\\n\\nExtenet Systems, Inc. California\\n\\nExxon Mobil Pipeline Company\\n\\nFair Oaks Water District\\n\\nFairfax Center Properties, LLC\\n\\nFairfield-Suisun Sewer District\\n\\nFairmead Maintenance District 33\\n\\nFairview Water Company LLC\\n\\nFalcon Cable TV-Redding\\n\\nFall River Mills Community Services District\\n\\nFarmers & Merchants Bank\\n\\nFerrellgas - Elk Grove\\n\\nFerrellgas - Lake County\\n\\nFerrellgas - Mendocino County\\n\\nFerrellgas - Nevada County\\n\\nFibersphere Communications of California LLC\\n\\nFiero Lane Water County\\n\\nFirst Mace Meadow Water Association Inc\\n\\nFitch Mountain Water District Community Supported Agriculture #24\\n\\nFlorin County Water District\\n\\nFMC Fresno\\n\\nFolsom Lake Mutual Water Company\\n\\nFoothill Energy LLC\\n\\nFoothill Energy LLC - Colusa\\n\\nForest Lakes Mutual Water Company\\n\\nForesthill Public Utilities District\\n\\nForestville Water District\\n\\nFort Bragg Trout Farm\\n\\nFPL Energy Montezuma Wind LLC\\n\\nFranklin County Water District\\n\\nFrazier Park Public Utility District\\n\\nFreedom Telecommunications LLC dba WILCON\\n\\nFreestone Water Systems\\n\\nFrench Gulch Water District-Community Supported Agriculture #11\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #10-A - Mansionette Estates\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34A - Brighton Crest\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34B - Ventana Hills\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34C - Granite Crest\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #39AB - Beran Way\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #43 - Raisin City\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44-C - Tanqueray Development\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44-D - Monte Verdi\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44A - Friant Mobile Home Park\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #47 - Quail Lake\\n\\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #49 - O'neill Farming\\n\\nFresno County Waterworks District #18\\n\\nFried Private Water Line\\n\\nFrontier a Citizen Communications Company (CA-2)\\n\\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company (CA)\\n\\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company -Colusa\\n\\nFrontier Patterson\\n\\nFruitridge Vista Water Company\\n\\nFulton Water Company\\n\\nG-REM Inc\\n\\nGarberville Sanitation District\\n\\nGarden Farms Community Water District\\n\\nGas Pipeline Services Inc.\\n\\nGasquet Community Services District\\n\\nGE Hitachi Nuclear Energy LLC\\n\\nGeorgetown Divide Public Utility District\\n\\nGerber Las Flores Community Services District\\n\\nGill Ranch Storage LLC\\n\\nGilroy Energy Center LLC\\n\\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Feather River\\n\\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Lambie Energy Center\\n\\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Wolfskill Energy Center\\n\\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Yuba City Energy\\n\\nGlide Water District\\n\\nGold Mountain Community Services District\\n\\nGolden Gate Bridge Highway & Transportation\\n\\nGolden Hills Community Services District\\n\\nGolden Hills North Wind, LLC\\n\\nGolden Hills Wind, LLC\\n\\nGolden State Water Company\\n\\nGolden State Water Company - Lake County\\n\\nGolden State Water Company Contra Costa County\\n\\nGolden State Water Company San Luis Obispo\\n\\nGoldside Maintenance District 27\\n\\nGoogle\\n\\nGoogle Fiber California, LLC\\n\\nGoose Haven Energy Center LLC\\n\\nGoshen Community Services District\\n\\nGraduate Theological Union\\n\\nGranada Sanitary District\\n\\nGravelly Ford Water District\\n\\nGreat Oaks Water Company\\n\\nGreen River Mutual Water Company\\n\\nGreenfield Communications Inc\\n\\nGreenfield County Water District\\n\\nGreenhorn Creek Community Services District\\n\\nGreka\\n\\nGrimmway Enterprises Inc\\n\\nGrizzly Flats Community Services District\\n\\nGrizzly Lake Community Services District\\n\\nGroveland Community Services District\\n\\nGualala Community Services District\\n\\nHacienda Owners Association\\n\\nHamilton Branch Community Services District\\n\\nHamilton Branch Mutual Water Company\\n\\nHamilton City Community Services District\\n\\nHappy Camp Community Services District\\n\\nHappy Camp Sanitary District\\n\\nHappy Valley Telephone Company\\n\\nHarbor View Mutual Water Company\\n\\nHeart of San Mateo, LLC\\n\\nHeights Mutual Water Company\\n\\nHenrik Nielsen - Land Owner\\n\\nHeritage Ranch Community Services District\\n\\nHerlong Public Utility District\\n\\nHetch Hetchy Water & Power\\n\\nHidden Lakes Maintenance District 1\\n\\nHidden Valley Lake Community Services District\\n\\nHigh Winds LLC\\n\\nHighlands Water Company\\n\\nHills Valley Irrigation District\\n\\nHillview Water Company Inc\\n\\nHilmar County Water District\\n\\nHilton Creek Community Services District\\n\\nHomestead Valley Sanitary District\\n\\nHoneywell Inc Honeywell Plaza\\n\\nHoopa Valley Public Utilities District\\n\\nHopland Public Utilities District\\n\\nHorizon Cable TV Inc\\n\\nHornitos Telephone Company\\n\\nHowell Mountain Mutual Water Company\\n\\nHumboldt Bay Municipal Water District\\n\\nHumboldt Community Services District\\n\\nHumboldt State University\\n\\nHunter Communications, Inc.\\n\\nHydesville County Water District\\n\\nIndian Lakes Service Area -1\\n\\nIndian Valley Community Services District\\n\\nIndian Wells Valley Water District\\n\\nINNEX California, Inc.\\n\\nIntegra Telecom, Inc California\\n\\nInverness Public Utility District\\n\\nInyokern Community Services District\\n\\nIrish Hills Mutual Water Company\\n\\nIron Mountain Mutual Water Company\\n\\nIronhouse Sanitary District\\n\\nIsland Energy\\n\\nIvanhoe Public Utilities District\\n\\nJ P Oil Company, LLC\\n\\nJ S West Propane\\n\\nJ S West Propane - Colfax\\n\\nJ S West Propane - Diamond Springs\\n\\nJ S West Propane - Modesto\\n\\nJack Pine Road Mutual Water Company\\n\\nJackson Valley Irrigation District\\n\\nJamestown Sanitation District\\n\\nJenner County Service Area #34\\n\\nJoe Simoes & Sons Dairy, Inc.\\n\\nJones Valley Community Supported Agriculture #6\\n\\nJune Lake Public Utilities District\\n\\nKaiser Foundation Health Plan\\n\\nKamps Propane\\n\\nKanawha Water District\\n\\nKaruk Tribe\\n\\nKerman Telephone dba Sebastian\\n\\nKern County Water Agency\\n\\nKern Oil & Refining Company\\n\\nKern-Tulare Water District\\n\\nKeswick Water District Community Supported Agriculture #25\\n\\nKettleman City Community Services District\\n\\nKeyes Community Services District\\n\\nKinder Morgan / SFPP California\\n\\nKirkwood Meadows Public Utilities District\\n\\nKirkwood Mountain Resort LLC\\n\\nKonocti County Water District\\n\\nKrista Mutual Water Company\\n\\nKTVU-TV Engineering\\n\\nLa Vina Maintenance District 37\\n\\nLACC Mutual Water Company\\n\\nLake Alpine Water Company\\n\\nLake Berryessa Resort Improvement District\\n\\nLake Don Pedro Community Services District\\n\\nLake of the Pines Associaton\\n\\nLake of the Woods Mutual Water Company\\n\\nLake Oroville Area Public Utility District\\n\\nLake Shastina Community Services District\\n\\nLake Shore Maintenance District 6\\n\\nLake Siskiyou Mutual Water Company\\n\\nLakeside Park Association Inc\\n\\nLakeview Hills Community Association\\n\\nLamont Public Utility District\\n\\nLas Gallinas Valley Sanitary District\\n\\nLassen Municipal Utility District\\n\\nLassen Plumas Gas Service\\n\\nLathrop Irrigation District\\n\\nLaton Community Service District\\n\\nLawrence Livermore National Lab\\n\\nLawrence Livermore National Lab - Site 300\\n\\nLaytonville County Water District\\n\\nLe Grand Community Service District\\n\\nLebec County Water District\\n\\nLemoore Apartments LLC\\n\\nLeprino Foods Company, Lemoore West\\n\\nLevel 3 Communications California\\n\\nLewis Creek Water District\\n\\nLewiston Community Services District\\n\\nLiberty Utilites LLC\\n\\nLinda County Water District\\n\\nLinde LLC\\n\\nLinden County Water District\\n\\nLindmore Irrigation District\\n\\nLindsay Strathmore Irrigation District\\n\\nLivermore Amador Valley Water Management\\n\\nLoch Lomond Mutual Water Company\\n\\nLockeford Community Services District\\n\\nLocus Technologies - Raytheon\\n\\nLodi Gas Storage LLC\\n\\nLodi Memorial Hospital\\n\\nLogan Creek Estates General Improvement District\\n\\nLoleta Community Services District\\n\\nLongbow LLC\\n\\nLos Angeles Department of Water & Power\\n\\nLos Osos Community Service District\\n\\nLost Hills Utility District\\n\\nLost Hills Water District\\n\\nLower Lake County Waterworks District #1\\n\\nLower Tule River Irrigation District\\n\\nLukins Brothers Water Company Inc.\\n\\nMacpherson Oil Company\\n\\nMadera Chowchills Water & Power Authority\\n\\nMadera Irrigation District\\n\\nMadera Ranchos Maintenance District 10\\n\\nMadera Valley Water Company\\n\\nMadera Water District\\n\\nMalaga County Water District\\n\\nMammoth County Water District\\n\\nManila Community Service District\\n\\nManzana Power Services, Inc\\n\\nMarin Municipal Water District\\n\\nMarina Coast Water District\\n\\nMarina View Maintenance District 7\\n\\nMariposa Pines Sewer District\\n\\nMariposa Public Utility District\\n\\nMarkleeville Public Utility District\\n\\nMarkleeville Water Company\\n\\nMartinez Refining / Equilon\\n\\nMassini Mutual Water Company\\n\\nMasTec North America\\n\\nMatrix Oil Corporation\\n\\nMauritson-Property Owner\\n\\nMaxwell Public Utility District\\n\\nMc Cloud Community Service District\\n\\nMcClellan Business Park\\n\\nMCI WorldCom California\\n\\nMcKesson Corporation\\n\\nMcKinleyville Community Service District\\n\\nMcKinney Water District\\n\\nMDY Properties, Inc.\\n\\nMeadow Vista County Water District\\n\\nMediacom-California LLC\\n\\nMediaCom-Clearlake Oaks\\n\\nMediacom-Ridgecrest\\n\\nMendocino County Water Works District II\\n\\nMentren Corporation\\n\\nMerced Irrigation District\\n\\nMerced Irrigation District -Electric Department\\n\\nMesa Business Park\\n\\nMeyers Water Company, Inc\\n\\nMiami Creek Maintenance District 43\\n\\nMid-Peninsula Water District\\n\\nMidset Cogeneration Company\\n\\nMidway Community Service District\\n\\nMidway Heights County Water District\\n\\nMidway Sunset Cogeneration\\n\\nMil Potrero Mutual Water Company\\n\\nMile High Waste Water District #37\\n\\nMillview County Water District\\n\\nMiranda Community Services District\\n\\nModesto & Empire Traction Company\\n\\nModesto Irrigation District\\n\\nMojave Air & Space Port\\n\\nMojave Pipeline Operating Company\\n\\nMojave Public Utility District\\n\\nMokelumne Hill Sanitary District\\n\\nMontara Water & Sewer District\\n\\nMonterey Bay Aquarium\\n\\nMonterey County Public Works\\n\\nMonterey County Water Resources Agency\\n\\nMonterey Regional Water Pollution Control\\n\\nMorgan Hill Unified School District\\n\\nMorro Rock Mutual Water Company\\n\\nMosbaugh Properties\\n\\nMount Hermon Association Inc\\n\\nMountain Gate Community Service District\\n\\nMountain Ranches Maintenance District 5\\n\\nMountain View Sanitation District\\n\\nMt Konocti Mutual Water Company\\n\\nMt Mesa Water Company\\n\\nMuni Overhead Lines Department\\n\\nMurphys Sanitary District\\n\\nMusick Meadows Mutual Water Company #2 Inc.\\n\\nNAFTEX - Dick Brown Technical Service\\n\\nNaftex Operating Company\\n\\nNapa Berryessa Resort Improvement District\\n\\nNapa Sanitation District\\n\\nNavy BRAC\\n\\nNCPA - Dick Brown Technical Service\\n\\nNevada Irrigation District\\n\\nNextera Energy Resources LLC - Sky River\\n\\nNextera Energy Resources North Sky River Wind LLC\\n\\nNextera Energy Resources Tehachapi Substation Comm.\\n\\nNextera Energy Resources Vasco Winds LLC\\n\\nNice Mutual Water Company\\n\\nNipomo Community Service District\\n\\nNorth Coast County Water\\n\\nNorth Dos Palos Water District\\n\\nNorth Edwards Water District\\n\\nNorth Fork Maintenance District 8\\n\\nNorth Gualala Water Company\\n\\nNorth Kaweah Mutual Water Company\\n\\nNorth Marin Water District\\n\\nNorth of the River Municipal Water District\\n\\nNorth of the River Sanitary District #1\\n\\nNorth San Joaquin Water Conservatory\\n\\nNorth Tahoe Public Utility District\\n\\nNorth Yuba Water District\\n\\nNorthern California Power Agency\\n\\nNorthland Cable TV-Mt Shasta\\n\\nNorthland Cable TV-Oakhurst\\n\\nNorthland Cable TV-Yreka\\n\\nNorthstar Community Service District\\n\\nNorthwest Petroleum, Inc\\n\\nNovato Sanitation District\\n\\nNPG Cable Inc\\n\\nNRG Energy - San Francisco\\n\\nO’Connor Tract Co-Operative Water\\n\\nO.L.S. Energy - Agnews, Inc\\n\\nOACYS Technology\\n\\nOakdale Irrigation District\\n\\nOakhurst Maintenance District 22\\n\\nOasis Property Owners\\n\\nOccidental Canal Company\\n\\nOccidental Community Services District\\n\\nOceano Community Services District\\n\\nOffice of Technology Services\\n\\nOildale Mutual Water Company\\n\\nOlam Tomato Processors, Inc.\\n\\nOlin Corporation\\n\\nOlivehurst Public Utilities District\\n\\nOrange Cove Irrigation District\\n\\nOrange Vale Water Company\\n\\nOrland-Artois Water District\\n\\nOro Loma Sanitary District\\n\\nOrosi Public Utility District\\n\\nPacific Bell\\n\\nPacific Coast Producers\\n\\nPacific Gas & Electric\\n\\nPacific Grove Unified School District\\n\\nPacific Power & Light Company - Crescent City\\n\\nPacific Power & Light Company Alturas\\n\\nPacific Power & Light Company Yreka\\n\\nPacific Union College\\n\\nPajaro Valley Water Management Agency\\n\\nPajaro/Sunny Mesa Community Service District\\n\\nPalmer Creek Community Services District\\n\\nPalo Alto Park Mutual Water Company\\n\\nPalo Cedro Community Supported Agriculture #8\\n\\nPalomino Lakes Mutual Water Company\\n\\nParadise Irrigation District\\n\\nParksdale Service Area - 3\\n\\nParkwood Maintenance District 19\\n\\nPatterson Irrigation District\\n\\nPAXIO Inc\\n\\nPC Landing Corporation\\n\\nPebble Beach Community Services District\\n\\nPenngrove-Kenwood Water Company\\n\\nPetrogulf Corporation C/O Dos Rios Inc\\n\\nPhilips Semiconductors\\n\\nPhillips 66 Company - Sacramento\\n\\nPhillips 66 Pipeline LLC\\n\\nPine Grove Community Services District\\n\\nPinecrest Permittees Association\\n\\nPinedale County Water District\\n\\nPinnacles Telephone Company\\n\\nPinon Pines Mutual Water Company\\n\\nPinon Valley Water Company\\n\\nPioneer Exploration LTD\\n\\nPixley Public Utility District\\n\\nPlacer County Water Agency\\n\\nPlains All American\\n\\nPlanada Community Services District\\n\\nPlumas Bank\\n\\nPlumas Eureka Community Services District\\n\\nPlumas Sierra Rural Electric Corporation\\n\\nPlumas-Sierra Telecommuniations California\\n\\nPoint to Point\\n\\nPonderosa Telephone Company\\n\\nPoplar Community Services District\\n\\nPort San Luis Harbor District\\n\\nPorter Vista Public Utilities District\\n\\nPraxair Inc/Linde\\n\\nPremier Community Credit Union\\n\\nProberta Water District\\n\\nProctor & Gamble Manufacturing Company\\n\\nPureSource Water, Inc\\n\\nPurissima Hills Water District\\n\\nQuail Valley Water District\\n\\nQuartz Mountain Maintenance District 73\\n\\nQUEST Media & Supplies\\n\\nQuorum Technologies, Inc.\\n\\nQwest Communications - California\\n\\nR & R Resources LLC\\n\\nRace Telecommunications, Inc.\\n\\nRains Creek Water Systems\\n\\nRaintree Fair Oaks LLC\\n\\nRancho Murieta Association\\n\\nRancho Murieta Community Services District\\n\\nRancho Tehama Telephone Company\\n\\nRanchos West Maintenance District 95\\n\\nRand Communities Water District\\n\\nReclamation District #999\\n\\nReclamation District 1004\\n\\nRedflex Traffic Systems\\n\\nRedwood Valley County Water District\\n\\nRepublic Services of Sonoma County, Inc.\\n\\nResort Improvement District #1\\n\\nRichardson Bay Sanitary District\\n\\nRio Linda/Elverta Community Water District\\n\\nRipperdan Maintenance District 28\\n\\nRising Tree Wind Farm LLC\\n\\nRiver Pines Public Utilities District\\n\\nRiverdale Public Utilities District\\n\\nRiverlake Community Association\\n\\nRiverside Acres Association\\n\\nRiverside Community Services District\\n\\nRobert L. and Mary Jo Thompson, Property Owners\\n\\nRodeo Sanitary District\\n\\nRogina Water Company Inc\\n\\nRolling Hills Service Area -19\\n\\nRosamond Community Services District\\n\\nRosedale Rio-Bravo Water Storage District\\n\\nRoseview Heights Mutual Water Company\\n\\nRoyale Energy\\n\\nRRM Inc\\n\\nRussian River County Water District\\n\\nS & T Mutual Water Company\\n\\nS.N.M.E. Gas Company Inc.\\n\\nSacramento County Office of Education\\n\\nSacramento County Water Agency\\n\\nSacramento Municipal Utilities District\\n\\nSacramento Regional Transit\\n\\nSacramento Suburban Water Dist\\n\\nSaddleback Water Association\\n\\nSalida Sanitary District\\n\\nSalmon Creek Water District CSA #32\\n\\nSalsipuedes Sanitary District\\n\\nSan Andreas Mutual Water\\n\\nSan Andreas Sanitary District (WUUA)\\n\\nSan Benito County Water\\n\\nSan Carlos Telecom Inc\\n\\nSan Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit, Real Estate Dept\\n\\nSan Francisco Museum of Modern Art\\n\\nSan Francisco PUC - Water Supply & Treatment Division\\n\\nSan Joaquin Facilities Management Inc\\n\\nSan Jose Water Company\\n\\nSan Jose/Santa Clara Regional Wastewater Facility\\n\\nSan Juan Suburban Water District\\n\\nSan Leandro Dark Fiber\\n\\nSan Lorenzo Valley Water District\\n\\nSan Lucas County Water District\\n\\nSan Luis Coastal Unified School District\\n\\nSan Luis Water District\\n\\nSan Mateo County Transit District\\n\\nSan Miguel Community Services District\\n\\nSan Miguelito Mutual Water Company\\n\\nSan Rafael Sanitary District\\n\\nSan Simeon Community Services District\\n\\nSandra Tavares - Homeowner\\n\\nSanitation District #1-Marin County\\n\\nSanitation District #5-Marin County\\n\\nSanta Clara Unified School Dist\\n\\nSanta Clara Valley Water District\\n\\nSanta Lucia Community Services District\\n\\nSanta Nella County Water District\\n\\nSaratoga Heights Mutual Water Company\\n\\nSaucelito Irrigation District\\n\\nSausalito-Marin City Sanitary District\\n\\nSchlumberger Technology Corporation\\n\\nScotts Valley Water District\\n\\nSea Ranch Connect\\n\\nSearles Valley Minerals\\n\\nSebastian - Foresthill\\n\\nSelma-Kingsburg-Fowler County Sanitary District\\n\\nSemitropic Water Storage District\\n\\nSeneca Resources Corporation\\n\\nSentinel Peak Resources, LLC\\n\\nSequoia Exploration, Inc.\\n\\nSereno Del Mar Water Systems\\n\\nSewer Authority Mid-Coastside\\n\\nSewerage Agency of South Marin\\n\\nSewerage Commission-Oroville\\n\\nShafter Solar LLC\\n\\nShafter Wasco Irrigation District\\n\\nShasta Community Services District\\n\\nShaver Lake Community Supported Agriculture #31B\\n\\nShaver Lake Point 2 Mutual Water Company\\n\\nShaver Lake Propane\\n\\nShaver Lake Waste Water District #41\\n\\nShaver Springs Waste Water District #40\\n\\nShell Aviation\\n\\nShell Pipeline Company LP\\n\\nShiloh I Wind Project LLC\\n\\nShore Terminals LLC\\n\\nSierra Highlands Maintenance District 58\\n\\nSierra Lakes County Water District\\n\\nSierra Telephone\\n\\nSignal Hill Petroleum Inc C/O Dos Rios Inc\\n\\nSilica Networks\\n\\nSilicon Valley Clean Water\\n\\nSilicon Valley Power\\n\\nSiskiyou Telephone Company\\n\\nSite Resources One, LLC - C/O Dos Rio Inc\\n\\nSixty (60) Civil Engr. SQ / CEOIF\\n\\nSky Harbour Waste Water District #38\\n\\nSky Londa Mutual Water Company\\n\\nSlawson Exploration\\n\\nSmith River Community Services District\\n\\nSmith River Rancheria\\n\\nSnelling Community Services District\\n\\nSolano Irrigation District\\n\\nSonic Telecom, LLC\\n\\nSonoma County Water Agency\\n\\nSoquel Creek Water District\\n\\nSouth Cloverdale Water Company\\n\\nSouth Dos Palos County Water District\\n\\nSouth Feather Water & Power\\n\\nSouth Placer Municipal Utilities District\\n\\nSouth San Joaquin Irrigation District\\n\\nSouth San Luis Obispo County Sanitary District\\n\\nSouth Sutter Water District\\n\\nSouth Tahoe Public Utilities District\\n\\nSouthern California Edison - California\\n\\nSouthern California Edison Transmissions\\n\\nSouthern California Gas Company\\n\\nSouthern San Joaquin Municipal Utilities District\\n\\nSouthgate Recreation & Park\\n\\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - California\\n\\nSpace Sys / Loral\\n\\nSpalding Community Services District\\n\\nSpreckels Water Company\\n\\nSpringville Public Utilities District\\n\\nSprint - California\\n\\nSquaw Valley Mutual Water Company\\n\\nSquaw Valley Public Services District\\n\\nStallion Springs Community Services District\\n\\nStanford University\\n\\nStantec Consulting Corporation\\n\\nStarlink Logistics, Inc\\n\\nStarrh Family Farms\\n\\nState of California Legislative Data Center\\n\\nStege Sanitary District\\n\\nStill Meadows Maintenance District 42\\n\\nStinson Beach County Water District\\n\\nStockton East Water District\\n\\nStones / Bengard Community Services District\\n\\nStratford Pub Utility District\\n\\nStrathmore Pub Utility District\\n\\nStryker Neurovascular\\n\\nSuburban Propane - Oakhurst\\n\\nSuburban Propane-Yreka\\n\\nSuddenlink Communications - Auburn\\n\\nSuddenlink Communications - Humboldt\\n\\nSugar Bowl Corporation\\n\\nSugarloaf Community Supported Agriculture #2\\n\\nSumner Hill Service Area - 16\\n\\nSundale Mutual Water Company\\n\\nSunnyslope County Water District\\n\\nSunset Ridge Maintenance District 40\\n\\nSurprise Valley Electrification Corp - California\\n\\nSusanville Consolidated Sanitary District\\n\\nSutter Community Services District\\n\\nSutter Health\\n\\nSweetwater Springs Water District\\n\\nTahoe City Public Utility District\\n\\nTahoe Keys Water Company\\n\\nTahoe Park Water Company\\n\\nTahoe Swiss Village Utility Inc\\n\\nTahoe-Truckee Sanitary Agency\\n\\nTalmont Resort Improvement District\\n\\nTamalpais Community Services District\\n\\nTamarack Estates Community Supported Agriculture #1\\n\\nTBI-Mission West LLC\\n\\nTDY\\n\\nTea Pot Dome Water District\\n\\nTeaford Meadows Maintenance District 24\\n\\nTehachapi-Cummings County Water District\\n\\nTekify Fiber LLC\\n\\nTeleport Communications / Golden State Utility\\n\\nTempleton Community Services District\\n\\nTerra Bella Irrigation District\\n\\nTerra De Oro Water Company\\n\\nTerradex Inc\\n\\nTesoro\\n\\nTexaco Cross Valley Fuel Systems\\n\\nThe Boeing Company - California\\n\\nThe David & Lucile Packard Foundation\\n\\nThe Irvine Company\\n\\nThe Nahabedian Exploration Group LLC\\n\\nThe Pig Farm Enterprises Lp\\n\\nThe Presidio Trust\\n\\nThe Sea Ranch Water Company\\n\\nThe Termo Company - Princeton\\n\\nThermalito Water and Sewer District\\n\\nThomas McLarty - Homeowner\\n\\nThree Rivers\\n\\nTimber Cove County Water District\\n\\nTime Warner Cable\\n\\nTippett Studio\\n\\nTipton Community Services District\\n\\nTokay Park Water Company\\n\\nTomales Village Community Services District\\n\\nTonopah Public Utilities\\n\\nTorrance Logistics Company, LLC\\n\\nTown of Colma\\n\\nTown of Discovery Bay\\n\\nTown of Fort Jones\\n\\nTown of Hillsborough\\n\\nTown of Loomis\\n\\nTown of Los Altos Hills\\n\\nTown of Los Gatos\\n\\nTown of Moraga\\n\\nTown of Ross\\n\\nTown of San Anselmo\\n\\nTown of Tiburon\\n\\nTown of Truckee\\n\\nTown of Woodside\\n\\nTown of Yountville\\n\\nTPX Communications I\\n\\nTPX Communications II\\n\\nTract 92 Community Services District\\n\\nTranquillity Irrigation District\\n\\nTrans Bay Cable LLC\\n\\nTransMontaigne\\n\\nTreasure Creek Woods Mutual Water Company\\n\\nTreasure Island Utility Operations\\n\\nTricor Refining LLC\\n\\nTrinity Conty Waterworks District #1\\n\\nTrinity Public Utility District\\n\\nTruckee Donner Public Utilities District\\n\\nTruckee Meadows Water Authority\\n\\nTruckee Tahoe Propane/Amerigas\\n\\nTulare County Federal Credit Union\\n\\nTulare County Information & Communications\\n\\nTulare Lake Drainage District\\n\\nTuolumne City Sanitary District\\n\\nTuolumne Utility District\\n\\nTurlock Irrigation District\\n\\nTurner Gas Company Inc\\n\\nTuscarora Gas Transmission California\\n\\nTuscarora Gas Transmission Nevada\\n\\nTwain Harte Community Services District\\n\\nU. S. Borax\\n\\nUkiah Valley Sanitation District\\n\\nUnion Heights Mutual Water Company\\n\\nUnion Pacific Railroad Company\\n\\nUnion Public Utilities District\\n\\nUnion Sanitation District / Collect Systems Department\\n\\nUnivar USA Inc\\n\\nUniversal Paragon Corporation\\n\\nUniversity of California - Merced\\n\\nUniversity of California Berkeley\\n\\nUniversity of California Davis\\n\\nUniversity of California Davis Medical Center\\n\\nUniversity of California Hastings College of the Law\\n\\nUniversity of California Merced - Water/Gas Operations\\n\\nUniversity of the Pacific\\n\\nUniversity of the Pacific - Sacramento Area\\n\\nUnocal/Union Oil\\n\\nUSA Media Group-Truckee\\n\\nUSS-Posco Industries\\n\\nUtica Power Authority\\n\\nUtility Telephone, Inc.\\n\\nValero Energy Corporation\\n\\nValero Refining\\n\\nValeta Maintenance District 85\\n\\nVallejo Sanitation & Flood Control\\n\\nValley Electric Association Inc California\\n\\nValley of the Moon Water District\\n\\nValley Springs Public Utilities District\\n\\nValley Transportation Authority\\n\\nValley Water Management Company\\n\\nVandalia Irrigation District\\n\\nVaquero Energy\\n\\nVaughn Water Company Inc\\n\\nVelocity Communications, Inc.\\n\\nVenida Packing Company\\n\\nVeolia Water North America, West LLC\\n\\nVeterans Home of California\\n\\nViasat, Inc. California\\n\\nVisalia Medical Clinic\\n\\nVolcano Telephone Company\\n\\nWard Well Water Company Inc\\n\\nWaste Management / SCS Engineers\\n\\nWave Broadband - Concord\\n\\nWave Broadband - Garberville\\n\\nWave Broadband - Rocklin\\n\\nWave Broadband - Sacramento Region\\n\\nWave Broadband - San Francisco\\n\\nWeaverville Community Services District\\n\\nWeaverville Sanitary District\\n\\nWeimar Water Company\\n\\nWeir Floway / Geosyntec Consultants\\n\\nWes Bradford Properties Inc.\\n\\nWest Almanor Mutual Water Company\\n\\nWest Bay Sanitary District\\n\\nWest Coast Gas Co Inc - Merced\\n\\nWest Coast Gas Company Inc - Sacramento\\n\\nWest County Wastewater District\\n\\nWest Kern Water District\\n\\nWest San Martin Water Works\\n\\nWest Side Irrigation District\\n\\nWest Valley Construction Company\\n\\nWest Valley Sanitary District\\n\\nWestborough Water District\\n\\nWestern Acres Mutual Water\\n\\nWestern Digital\\n\\nWestern Hills Water District\\n\\nWesthaven Community Services District\\n\\nWestlands Wtr District\\n\\nWeston Solutions, Inc.\\n\\nWestside Solar LLC\\n\\nWestside Water District\\n\\nWestwood Community Services District\\n\\nWheeler Ridge-Maricopa Water Storage\\n\\nWhite Knight Production, LLC\\n\\nWhitney Point Solar LLC\\n\\nWickland Pipeline LLC\\n\\nWild Goose Storage Inc\\n\\nWildwood Island Community Supported Agriculture #5\\n\\nWillow County Water District\\n\\nWillow Creek Community Services District\\n\\nWindjammer Cable\\n\\nWindjammer Cable - Susanville\\n\\nWindsor Water District\\n\\nWinton Water & Sanitation District\\n\\nWm Bolthouse Farms Inc\\n\\nWoodbridge Sanitary District\\n\\nWoodland-Davis Clean Water Agency\\n\\nWoodlands Mutual Water Company\\n\\nWoodville Public Utility District\\n\\nYolo County Flood Control & Water District\\n\\nYosemite National Park\\n\\nYosemite Spring Park Utility\\n\\nYosemite West Water District\\n\\nZAYO - California\\n\\nZayo Group LLC fna Networks 360\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Member Contact Update\\n\\nWe encourage all our Members to update their contact information regularly.\\nIt’s recommended to update at least every Quarter, or as needed. If you have\\nany questions about your membership please contact Member Services at\\nmemberservices@usanorth811.org.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Where Do I Begin?\\n\\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Maecenas eu dapibus\\ntellus, quis euismod nunc. Aliquam vulputate massa neque, vel auctor tellus\\ninterdum id. Integer blandit purus id tortor bibendum, sed rhoncus leo\\nmolestie. Aliquam venenatis dignissim turpis a tincidunt. Nullam justo lectus,\\nauctor scelerisque erat sed, dictum pellentesque eros. Cras non congue neque,\\nvitae varius ligula. Nam feugiat magna fermentum eleifend iaculis. Nam\\ncondimentum nisi quis feugiat congue. Donec mattis accumsan augue, faucibus\\nhendrerit sem mollis non.\\n\\nDonec ac eros rhoncus nisl rutrum fringilla. Nam convallis sagittis tellus,\\neget rutrum nisi venenatis sit amet. Donec tincidunt et enim eu scelerisque.\\nOrci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur\\nridiculus mus. Etiam fringilla porttitor orci, in vulputate est finibus sit\\namet. Nulla mollis, odio et vestibulum sagittis, enim urna laoreet quam, eget\\nauctor urna nunc et neque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis\\nparturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Ut fermentum laoreet metus sed\\nblandit. Phasellus volutpat dictum neque ac pulvinar. Ut et mauris magna.\\n\\nSed vestibulum lacus a nibh ullamcorper fermentum. Donec in sodales risus.\\nMorbi aliquet quis nisi at fermentum. Pellentesque feugiat diam eget libero\\nvenenatis, nec cursus nulla tristique. Quisque consequat lacinia malesuada.\\nEtiam vitae nisi accumsan, fringilla turpis non, condimentum sapien. Curabitur\\nultricies lacus est, sit amet facilisis purus suscipit et. Nulla vitae nisi ut\\nest vestibulum cursus. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in\\nfaucibus. Fusce dictum nunc et ligula ultrices rutrum. Pellentesque dapibus\\nnibh quis nisl condimentum, et tempor lacus dignissim.\\n\\n811 Express\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## California Dirt Reports\\n\\n2020 DIRT Report\\n\\n2019 DIRT Report\\n\\n2018 DIRT Report\\n\\n2017 DIRT Report\\n\\n2016 DIRT Report\\n\\n2015 DIRT Report\\n\\n2014 DIRT Report\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## FAQs - DIYer\\n\\nWhat is a ticket?\\n\\nA \\\"ticket\\\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\\nand preferably longer for your records.\\n\\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\\n\\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many\\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\\nticket, please click here.\\n\\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\\n\\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\\nby clicking the button below.\\n\\nGet A Copy Of Your Ticket\\n\\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\\n\\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\\n\\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\\n\\nYou can begin your excavation once the following conditions have been met:\\n\\nIt is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\\nto your request.\\n\\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\\nnotified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under\\nthe “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\\n\\nWho marks the utility lines?\\n\\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\\nutility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rd party\\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\\n\\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\\n\\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our How to\\nPremark Instructional Video.\\n\\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\\n\\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\\nowned by a utility.\\n\\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\\n\\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\\n\\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\\nproceed?\\n\\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\\nusing only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance\\nzone and hand digging requirements, please click here for CA requirements or\\nclick here for NV requirements.\\n\\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\\nfunds your operation?\\n\\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\\n\\nWhat does it cost to submit an 811 request?\\n\\nSubmitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig\\nproject is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the\\ncenter and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the\\npublic a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground\\nutilities.\\n\\nI see spray paint markings at my property, how can I find out who is doing\\nwork?\\n\\nHave you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence\\nproject, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are\\nmost likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property\\nfor that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is\\nbeing done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your\\nshared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property,\\nand you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please\\nemail our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look\\nand see if there are any open tickets for your address.\\n\\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\\ncomplete?\\n\\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\\nmarkings when the job is complete.\\n\\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\\n\\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign\\nup page.\\n\\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\\n\\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our Simple Ticket Search program. If\\nyou still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer\\nservice representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.\\n\\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\\nmy request?\\n\\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\\nresponse to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from\\nall utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\\n\\nWhat do the colors mean?\\n\\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code\\nsystem to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\\n\\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\\n\\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\\n\\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\\n\\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\\n\\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\\n\\nBlue: Potable Water\\n\\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\\n\\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\\n\\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\\n\\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\\n\\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\\nsubmit your request.\\n\\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\\n\\nWhat are your hours of operation?\\n\\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\\n\\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\\n\\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\\n\\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\\n\\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\\nmeet during my digging project?\\n\\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\\n\\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\\n\\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\\n\\nHow long is my 811 request good for?\\n\\nYour ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket\\nsubmission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your\\nrequest. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you\\nhave determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you\\ncan request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on\\nyour ticket.\\n\\nHow deep are the utility lines buried?\\n\\nThe depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An\\nunderground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was\\noriginally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface\\nactivity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility\\nowners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\\n\\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\\n\\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\\n811, please click the following links: CA Members\\n\\nNV Members\\n\\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\\n\\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\\nonlineservices@usanorth811.org.\\n\\nI’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811\\nand submit the utility locate request?\\n\\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\\nunder their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your\\nproperty, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for\\nthem/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your\\ncontractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work\\nyou do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\\n\\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\\nmembers listed on my ticket?\\n\\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\\nresponse” situation.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## FAQs - Contractor\\n\\nWhat is a ticket?\\n\\nA \\\"ticket\\\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\\nand preferably longer for your records.\\n\\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\\n\\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many\\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\\nticket, please click here.\\n\\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\\n\\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\\nhere.\\n\\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\\n\\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\\n\\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\\n\\nYou can begin your excavation once the following conditions have been met:\\n\\n· It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\\nto your request.\\n\\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\\nnotified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under\\nthe “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\\n\\nWho marks the utility lines?\\n\\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\\nutility members utilize in-house locators, while others hire 3^rd party\\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\\n\\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\\n\\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our \\\"How to\\nPremark\\\" instructional video.\\n\\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\\n\\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\\nowned by a utility.\\n\\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\\n\\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\\n\\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\\nproceed?\\n\\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\\nusing only human powered hand tools.\\n\\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\\nfunds your operation?\\n\\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\\n\\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\\ncomplete?\\n\\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\\nmarkings when the job is complete.\\n\\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\\n\\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign\\nup page.\\n\\nI forgot to submit my 811 request and I’m supposed to start my work tomorrow;\\ncan I submit an emergency request?\\n\\nAll excavation requests require a minimum of two working days’ notice prior to\\nthe start of excavation. State law identifies which factors qualify a request\\nas an emergency, and if your excavation does not meet those requirements you\\ncannot submit an emergency request. To see if your excavation meets the\\nrequirements of an emergency notification, please see the state specific\\nemergency definitions below:\\n\\nCalifornia: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence, involving a\\nclear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate\\nloss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services.\\n\\nNevada: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence that involves clear\\nand imminent danger and requires immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss\\nof life or damage to health, property or essential public services.\\n\\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\\n\\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: Simple\\nTicket Search. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and\\nadvise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your\\nticket number.\\n\\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\\nmy request?\\n\\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\\nresponse to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from\\nall utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\\n\\nWhat do the colors mean?\\n\\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code\\nsystem to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\\n\\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\\n\\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\\n\\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\\n\\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\\n\\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\\n\\nBlue: Potable Water\\n\\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\\n\\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\\n\\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\\n\\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\\n\\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\\nsubmit your request.\\n\\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\\n\\nWhat are your hours of operation?\\n\\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\\n\\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\\n\\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\\n\\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\\n\\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\\nmeet during my digging project?\\n\\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\\n\\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\\n\\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\\n\\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\\n\\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\\n811, please click the following links:\\n\\nCA Members\\n\\nNV Members\\n\\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\\n\\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\\nweboperations@usanorth811.org.\\n\\nI’m hiring a sub-contractor to do work at my jobsite, who needs to contact 811\\nand submit the utility locate request?\\n\\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\\nunder their name. If you are hiring a sub-contractor to perform work on your\\nproperty, the sub-contractor needs to contact 811 and submit their own request\\nfor them/their company. The sub-contractor cannot work under another\\ncontractor or sub-contractors existing 811 ticket.\\n\\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\\nmembers listed on my ticket?\\n\\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\\nresponse” situation.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## FAQs - Utility Operator\\n\\nI am a utility owner, how do I become a member of USA North 811?\\n\\nIf you are a utility owner and currently not a member of USA North 811, you\\ncan become a member by first filling out our membership application here:\\n\\nWhat are my responsibilities as a member of USA North 811?\\n\\n * Respond in a timely manner to all locate requests you receive. That means:\\n * Respond to each request before the start time or legal notice (whichever is later)\\n * Accurately mark and locate your underground facilities when threatened by the proposed excavation\\n * Notify the contractor, homeowner, or ticket submitter promptly when your facilities are clear of their excavation work and they are in no danger of uncovering them\\n * Follow CGA Best Practices Appendix B guidelines when marking the facilities you own in the area of proposed excavation\\n * Using the appropriate amount of markings needed to identify your underground facilities while avoiding excessive markings and decorative hardscapes (decorative rock, pavers, stamped walkways, etc) at the site.\\n * Using the appropriate marker type for site and weather conditions (flags, paint, whiskers, offsets, etc.)\\n * Respond to any other ticket notices (no response, request for call, request for field meet) promptly\\n\\nEnsure your information is always up to date with USA North 811. That means:\\n\\n * Maintain detailed maps and records of your underground facilities\\n * Reviewing and updating (if needed) your service area registration on a regular basis to ensure you are receiving all of the notifications you should be\\n * Reviewing and updating (if needed) the contacts and their information listed on your membership account on a regular basis to ensure contractors, homeowners, and USA North 811 knows who to get in touch with when there is a question or issue\\n * Notify USA North 811 of any billing department changes that would impact your bill getting to the correct staff member or payment being sent on time\\n\\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\\n\\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\\n\\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\\nsubmit your request.\\n\\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\\n\\nWhat are your hours of operation?\\n\\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\\n\\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\\n\\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\\n811, please click the following links:\\n\\nCA Members\\n\\nNV Members\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## California Members\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Nevada Members\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Where Do I Begin?\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Ticket Research - Member\\n\\nThis is the Ticket Research order form for Members of USA North 811 (utility\\noperators that have registered buried facilities in our system). The ticket\\nresearch will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1)\\nticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of\\nthe standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket\\nresearch will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before\\nresults are sent - $31 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research\\ntime. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9\\nfor every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## Frequently Asked Questions\\n\\nWhat is a ticket?\\n\\nA \\\"ticket\\\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\\nand preferably longer for your records.\\n\\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\\n\\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging since many\\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\\nticket, please click here.\\n\\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\\n\\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\\nhere\\n\\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\\n\\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\\n\\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\\n\\nYou can begin your excavation once if the following conditions have been met:\\n\\nIt is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\\nto your request.\\n\\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\\nnotified, please click here.\\n\\nWho marks the utility lines?\\n\\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\\nutility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rdparty\\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\\n\\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\\n\\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our “How to\\nPremark” instructional video\\\".\\n\\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\\n\\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\\nowned by a utility.\\n\\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\\n\\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\\n\\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\\nproceed?\\n\\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\\nusing only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance\\nzone and hand digging requirements, please click here for California & Nevada\\nrequirements .\\n\\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\\nfunds your operation?\\n\\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\\n\\nWhat does it cost to submit an 811 request?\\n\\nSubmitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig\\nproject is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the\\ncenter and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the\\npublic a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground\\nutilities.\\n\\nI see spray paint markings at my property, how can I find out who is doing\\nwork?\\n\\nHave you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence\\nproject, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are\\nmost likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property\\nfor that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is\\nbeing done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your\\nshared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property,\\nand you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please\\nemail our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look\\nand see if there are any open tickets for your address.\\n\\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\\ncomplete?\\n\\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\\nmarkings when the job is complete.\\n\\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\\n\\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please click here.\\n\\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\\n\\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program:\\nhttp://newtin.usan.org/newtinweb/gen_min_ts.html . If you still cannot find\\nyour ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative\\nthat you need help looking up your ticket number.\\n\\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\\nmy request?\\n\\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\\nresponse to your ticket here as well: http://usanorth811.herokuapp.c.... You\\nare required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket\\nbefore you can begin your work.\\n\\nWhat do the colors mean?\\n\\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association (APWA:\\nhttps://www3.apwa.net/content/library/colorcc.pdf ) color code system to mark\\ntheir underground facilities for you. The color code is:\\n\\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\\n\\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\\n\\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\\n\\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\\n\\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\\n\\nBlue: Potable Water\\n\\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\\n\\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\\n\\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\\n\\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\\n\\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\\nsubmit your request.\\n\\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\\n\\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\\n\\nWhat are your hours of operation?\\n\\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\\n\\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\\n\\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\\n\\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\\n\\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\\nmeet during my digging project?\\n\\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law Website\\n\\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law Website - Nevada\\nRevised Statutes & Nevada Administrative Code\\n\\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\\n\\nHow long is my 811 request good for?\\n\\nYour ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket\\nsubmission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your\\nrequest. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you\\nhave determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you\\ncan request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on\\nyour ticket.\\n\\nHow deep are the utility lines buried?\\n\\nThe depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An\\nunderground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was\\noriginally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface\\nactivity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility\\nowners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\\n\\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\\n\\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\\n811, please click the following links:\\n\\nCA Members\\n\\nNV Members\\n\\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\\n\\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\\nweboperations@usanorth811.org.\\n\\nI’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811\\nand submit the utility locate request?\\n\\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\\nunder their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your\\nproperty, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for\\nthem/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your\\ncontractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work\\nyou do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\\n\\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\\nmembers listed on my ticket?\\n\\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\\nresponse” situation.\\n\\n## Get A Ticket\\n\\n### 811 Express\\n\\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\\nit’s Easy!\\n\\nGet started with 811 Express\\n\\n### E-Ticket Program\\n\\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\\ncompleted our online training.\\n\\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\\n\\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\\n\\n## How to Pre-Mark your Dig Site\\n\\nHow to Pre-Mark your Dig Site Video\\n\\n## Web Operations\\n\\n# Chris Botting\\n\\n## Web Operations Supervisor\\n\\nTel 925-222-6518 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Christian Olesen\\n\\n## Web Operations Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-222-6502 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Sarah Vesper\\n\\n## Web Operations Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-270-0300 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Rebecca Krause\\n\\n## Web Operations Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-230-9533 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Dulze Ochoa (Habla Español)\\n\\n## Web Operations Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-222-6560 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Josh Chapa\\n\\n## Web Operations Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-222-6503 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Lorie Mueller\\n\\n## Web Operations Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-222-6515 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Trevor Harris\\n\\n## Web Operations Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-222-6516 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n## Member Services\\n\\n# Nathan Oliver\\n\\n## Member Services Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-222-6512 nathan.oliver@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Germain Suess\\n\\n## Member Services Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-270-0339 germain.suess@usanorth811.org\\n\\n>\\n\\n# Nick White\\n\\n## Member Services Coordinator\\n\\nTel 925-222-6501 nick.white@usanorth811.org\\n\\n## All other USA North 811 Contacts\\n\\n# James Wingate\\n\\n## Executive Director\\n\\nTel 925-798-9504 james.wingate@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Ryan White\\n\\n## Managing Director\\n\\nTel 925-798-9504 ryan.white@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Chris Brassart\\n\\n## IT Director\\n\\nTel 925-222-6519 chris.brassart@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Collin Miyadi\\n\\n## Marketing & Education Manager\\n\\nTel 925-222-6507 collin.miyadi@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Bryan Harris\\n\\n## Outreach Specialist\\n\\nTel 925-222-6514 bryan.harris@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Linda Whitley\\n\\n## Administrative Services Manager\\n\\nTel 925-222-6517 linda.whitley@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Rita Hughes\\n\\n## Human Resources Analyst\\n\\nTel 925-222-6511 rita.hughes@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Bethany Dillon\\n\\n## Bookkeeper\\n\\nTel 925-222-6508 bethany.dillon@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Stephen Baker\\n\\n## System Administrator\\n\\nTel 925-222-6504 stephen.baker@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Malina Galvan\\n\\n## Operations Supervisor\\n\\nTel 925-222-6500 malina.galvan@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Amber Williams\\n\\n## Operations Supervisor\\n\\nTel 925-222-6509 amber.williams@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Ariel Matty\\n\\n## Operations Supervisor\\n\\nTel 925-222-6510 ariel.matty@usanorth811.org\\n\\n# Chris Botting\\n\\n## Web Operations Supervisor\\n\\nTel 925-222-6518 weboperations@usanorth811.org\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20190614202654/https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Build a Firewood Shed\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"For me, heating with firewood is more about feeling self-sufficient than it is about lowering my utility bills. I also like cutting and splitting logs. It's good exercise and the source of my wife's wry nickname for me, the Saturday Lumberjack. But storing and keeping the wood dry is a hassle. Tarps can trap moisture, promote rot, and be difficult to remove after a snowfall. And stacking the wood inside is a poor choice, unless you enjoy the company of insects and mice.\",\n \"The solution is a simple shed. I designed the one you see above, which involves basic post-and-beam carpentry, to create an attractive storage unit for more than a cord. It keeps the wood from getting soggy and leaves the critters out in the cold, just where the Saturday Lumberjack likes them to be.\",\n \"Crosscut the cedar slats and side supports to the lengths shown in the plans. Of the two supports on each side, the top one is shorter than the bottom one. This provides clearance to affix the beam.\",\n \"Next, notch the posts to receive the beam. Using a circular saw, make a shoulder cut and a series of cuts parallel to the shoulder, then remove the scored wood with a wide chisel. Smooth the notch's face with a rasp.\",\n \"To assemble the walls, place the cross supports on a flat surface, bore pilot holes, and attach the cross supports to the posts.\",\n \"It's important to accurately place the footings, or piers—it makes the build quicker and easier by preventing constant remeasuring and adjustment. We set the four corner piers in rough position and brought them into alignment with a string line. Then we used a tape measure to check the diagonals of this rectangle and to position the fifth and sixth piers relative to the perimeter.\",\n \"Using a string level, we adjusted the height of the piers. Next, we placed the plastic end caps on the bottom of the posts and raised each wall on its piers.\",\n \"Measure the distance between the walls, then crosscut the long joists and bolt them to the posts. Do the same with the beams.\",\n \"Measure the height from the center piers to their respective beams to determine the position of the shoulder cut on the center posts. Notch the two center posts, set them on their piers, plumb them, and bolt them into position.\",\n \"Crosscut the remaining joists and fasten them, as noted in the diagram, with joist hangers, joist hanger nails, 16d common nails, or 31⁄2-inch deck screws. Crosscut the floor pieces and screw them to the long and short joists. Make yourself a small jig from scrap lumber to speed accurate spacing between each piece of flooring. Even better, make two. Place one at the front and another at the rear of each deck piece. Fasten the deck pieces with the jig in place. Lift the jigs out, position the next piece of decking, and repeat.\",\n \"To begin, make a pattern rafter from the best 2 x 4 on hand. Mark the angled plumb cuts at the top and bottom of the rafter and the position of the bird's-mouth cuts (the notch where the rafter meets the beams). Clamp the rafter on top of the beams, check that the lines drawn are accurate, and adjust the lines as needed. Cut the rafters to length.\",\n \"Place the rafter on sawhorses and clamp it firmly in place. Make the vertical cut with a circular saw, use a chisel to notch the horizontal cut where the rafter rests on the beam, then turn the rafter back upright and finish the shallow horizontal notch with a chisel.\",\n \"Test-fit the pattern rafter and adjust its notches. When it fits accurately all along the beams, use it to mark and cut the remaining rafters. First, cut all the rafters to length. Then clamp together all the rafter stock, including the pattern rafter, edge up. Mark and cut all of the notches to match the pattern rafter. Use a chisel to finish each notch.\",\n \"Mark the position of the rafters along the beams at 16-inch centers and carefully nail them in place. We even went so far as to set each nailhead to firmly pinch the rafter down against the beam. We nailed the front fascia in place and moved on to the skip sheathing for the roofing. Note that two pieces of sheathing are nailed on at the peak and at the base. The rest are spaced evenly between them.\",\n \"After crosscutting the steel roof panels, we fastened them to the skip sheathing using self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket under the head. We drove the screws with an 18-volt drill and a socket wrench attachment, but we'd advise using a more sturdy nut driver because penetrating the roofing requires a fair amount of force. Finally, we screwed the diagonal braces to the posts.\",\n \"A Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Build a Firewood Shed\\n\\nToday's Top Stories\\n\\n1\\n\\nWatch 40+ Marine Aircraft in an Elephant Walk\\n\\n2\\n\\nThe Best Tablets You Can Buy in 2019\\n\\n3\\n\\nThis Tiny Island Is the Epicenter of Green Tech\\n\\n4\\n\\nSmart Buyer’s Guide to Light Bulbs\\n\\n5\\n\\nBuying a Knock-Off Predator Drone Is a Bad Idea\\n\\n# How to Build a Firewood Shed\\n\\n##\\n\\nKeep your stack of firewood from getting damp by building this simple\\nenclosure.\\n\\nBy George Retseck\\n\\nSep 21, 2012\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nDownload the plans in PDF here.\\n\\nFor me, heating with firewood is more about feeling self-sufficient than it is\\nabout lowering my utility bills. I also like cutting and splitting logs. It's\\ngood exercise and the source of my wife's wry nickname for me, the Saturday\\nLumberjack. But storing and keeping the wood dry is a hassle. Tarps can trap\\nmoisture, promote rot, and be difficult to remove after a snowfall. And\\nstacking the wood inside is a poor choice, unless you enjoy the company of\\ninsects and mice.\\n\\nThe solution is a simple shed. I designed the one you see above, which\\ninvolves basic post-and-beam carpentry, to create an attractive storage unit\\nfor more than a cord. It keeps the wood from getting soggy and leaves the\\ncritters out in the cold, just where the Saturday Lumberjack likes them to be.\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\n1 Build the Side Panels\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nCrosscut the cedar slats and side supports to the lengths shown in the plans.\\nOf the two supports on each side, the top one is shorter than the bottom one.\\nThis provides clearance to affix the beam.\\n\\nNext, notch the posts to receive the beam. Using a circular saw, make a\\nshoulder cut and a series of cuts parallel to the shoulder, then remove the\\nscored wood with a wide chisel. Smooth the notch's face with a rasp.\\n\\n2 Build the Side Panels\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nTo assemble the walls, place the cross supports on a flat surface, bore pilot\\nholes, and attach the cross supports to the posts.\\n\\n3 Build the Side Panels\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nThen place the slats in position, apply a glob of construction adhesive, and\\nscrew the slats to the supports.\\n\\n4 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nIt's important to accurately place the footings, or piers—it makes the build\\nquicker and easier by preventing constant remeasuring and adjustment. We set\\nthe four corner piers in rough position and brought them into alignment with a\\nstring line. Then we used a tape measure to check the diagonals of this\\nrectangle and to position the fifth and sixth piers relative to the perimeter.\\n\\n5 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nUsing a string level, we adjusted the height of the piers. Next, we placed the\\nplastic end caps on the bottom of the posts and raised each wall on its piers.\\n\\n6 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nWe plumbed the walls and braced them diagonally to a stake driven into the\\nground.\\n\\n7 Add Joists, Beams, and Posts\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nMeasure the distance between the walls, then crosscut the long joists and bolt\\nthem to the posts. Do the same with the beams.\\n\\nMeasure the height from the center piers to their respective beams to\\ndetermine the position of the shoulder cut on the center posts. Notch the two\\ncenter posts, set them on their piers, plumb them, and bolt them into\\nposition.\\n\\nCrosscut the remaining joists and fasten them, as noted in the diagram, with\\njoist hangers, joist hanger nails, 16d common nails, or 31⁄2-inch deck screws.\\nCrosscut the floor pieces and screw them to the long and short joists. Make\\nyourself a small jig from scrap lumber to speed accurate spacing between each\\npiece of flooring. Even better, make two. Place one at the front and another\\nat the rear of each deck piece. Fasten the deck pieces with the jig in place.\\nLift the jigs out, position the next piece of decking, and repeat.\\n\\n8 Add the Rafters\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nTo begin, make a pattern rafter from the best 2 x 4 on hand. Mark the angled\\nplumb cuts at the top and bottom of the rafter and the position of the\\nbird's-mouth cuts (the notch where the rafter meets the beams). Clamp the\\nrafter on top of the beams, check that the lines drawn are accurate, and\\nadjust the lines as needed. Cut the rafters to length.\\n\\nPlace the rafter on sawhorses and clamp it firmly in place. Make the vertical\\ncut with a circular saw, use a chisel to notch the horizontal cut where the\\nrafter rests on the beam, then turn the rafter back upright and finish the\\nshallow horizontal notch with a chisel.\\n\\nTest-fit the pattern rafter and adjust its notches. When it fits accurately\\nall along the beams, use it to mark and cut the remaining rafters. First, cut\\nall the rafters to length. Then clamp together all the rafter stock, including\\nthe pattern rafter, edge up. Mark and cut all of the notches to match the\\npattern rafter. Use a chisel to finish each notch.\\n\\n9 Add the Rafters\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nMark the position of the rafters along the beams at 16-inch centers and\\ncarefully nail them in place. We even went so far as to set each nailhead to\\nfirmly pinch the rafter down against the beam. We nailed the front fascia in\\nplace and moved on to the skip sheathing for the roofing. Note that two pieces\\nof sheathing are nailed on at the peak and at the base. The rest are spaced\\nevenly between them.\\n\\n10 Install the Roof and Add Firewood\\n\\nAaron Wojack\\n\\nAfter crosscutting the steel roof panels, we fastened them to the skip\\nsheathing using self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket under the head. We\\ndrove the screws with an 18-volt drill and a socket wrench attachment, but\\nwe'd advise using a more sturdy nut driver because penetrating the roofing\\nrequires a fair amount of force. Finally, we screwed the diagonal braces to\\nthe posts.\\n\\nThe last part was the most fun—stacking a nice, neat pile of freshly split\\nfirewood in our new shed.\\n\\nDownload the plans in PDF here.\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\nMore From Projects and Plans\\n\\nHow To Build Cornhole Boards for Memorial Day\\n\\nThe Importance of Overly Ambitious Projects\\n\\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\\n\\n25 Ingenious Ways to Repurpose Old Junk\\n\\nHow to Build a Treehouse\\n\\n5 Big Woodworking Mistakes (And How To Avoid Them)\\n\\n5 DIY Projects You Can Tackle This Weekend\\n\\n7 Ways to Recycle Your Christmas Tree\\n\\nHow to Remove Sticker Residue\\n\\nMake Your Holiday Safe and Happy for Your Pets\\n\\nMake this DIY Halloween Monster With Your Kids\\n\\n * Projects and Plans\\n * Home\\n * The Super Sheds That Put Those Ready-Made Shacks to Shame\\n * 10 Insanely Green Sheds (With Pictures)\\n * Build Your Own Garden Shed From PM Plans\\n * How to Start Woodworking in a Basement or Apartment\\n * How to Build a Backyard Pergola: Simple DIY Woodworking Project\\n * Reader Projects: Sheds\\n * The Ultimate DIY Projects Guide\\n * pinstructions\\n * step-by-step\\n * sheds how-to\\n * diy\\n * woodworking\\n * home how-to\\n * firewood\\n * sheds\\n\\n * Newsletter\\n * Digital Editions\\n * About Us\\n * Media Kit\\n * Press Room\\n * Contact Us\\n * Community Guidelines\\n * Advertise Online\\n * Customer Service\\n * Subscribe\\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Events & Promotions\\n * Giveaways\\n * Being Green\\n * BestProducts\\n\\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various\\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\\n\\n©2019 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\\n\\n * Privacy Notice\\n * Your California Privacy Rights\\n * Interest-Based Ads\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Site Map\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305184247/https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"All kidding aside, all of your time in your shed is spent on your shed floor. So it's important that it's solid, dependable and also comfortable.\",\n \"Because of that we are going to take a good look at the many different problems that can happen with your shed floor. We are also going to cover a few great ways to fix up your garden shed floor.\",\n \"There are many things to consider when building a shed floor, most of which concern your overall comfort while working in your shed.\",\n \"However, no matter what you plan to use your garden shed for, it needs to have a solid floor that is in good condition, suited to the intended use and comfortable to work on.\",\n \"No one likes to work with cold feet. When your shed floor is nothing more than a concrete slab, this is a very common problem.\",\n \"The same can be said of a wood floor with a crawl space underneath it. When you have to work in this type of environment, chances are good you won’t spend much time in your shed.\",\n \"On top of this, if your floor is cold, it’s a sure bet the rest of your shed will be as well.\",\n \"You built your shed as a place to work on projects that often take hours of your time. The last thing you need is a hard floor that makes your feet feel tired.\",\n \"Concrete might provide a great foundation for your shed, but no one wants to stand for long periods of time on a bare concrete slab. All you have to do is look where the cashiers stand in most stores to see this, even store owners add a mat for their employees to stand on.\",\n \"Remember the last time it rained, you stepped inside your shed and almost fell on your backside when your feet slipped out from under you?\",\n \"If you live in an area where it rains a lot or for that matter even if it only rains a little, the last thing you need is a slippery garden shed floor.\",\n \"Painted floors tend to be the worst for this type of problem. Many floor paints, whether the floor is made of wood or concrete, become very slippery when wet. This can make your shed a very dangerous place to hang out when it's wet outside.\",\n \"So the floor in your shed is just as old as the foundation. Over time it has been subjected to hours of people walking on it, chemicals being spilled, and tools being dropped.\",\n \"Your shed floor has been soaked by rain when someone left the door open, you name it and it has probably happened to the floor.\",\n \"Now it has nicks, dings, splinters (if it is made of wood), and is essentially worn out. Not to mention that thanks to numerous stains and ground in dirt, it simply looks terrible.\",\n \"No one wants to work in a shed with this kind of floor, close the door and go back inside the house.\",\n \"When you set a ball on your shed floor does the ball stay still or roll into a corner? If it rolls away all on its own, your shed floor is definitely not level.\",\n \"Doesn’t seem such a big deal? Wait until you are trying to work with a can of paint that overflows on one side or your tools roll away every time you put them down.\",\n \"What about that big toolbox that won’t quite stay up against the wall because it wants to roll to the other side of your shed. No matter what a shed floor that is not level can cause a lot of problems.\",\n \"There are a number of different ways to deal with these problems with your garden shed floor. Most are pretty simple and relatively inexpensive.\",\n \"The most important thing to keep in mind, no matter what the problem is with your shed floor, is that if the floor is uncomfortable or unappealing, you aren’t going to spend much time in your private getaway.\",\n \"Concrete is a very hard substance and is a great way to create both a foundation and a floor for you garden shed. But it stains easily and over time can begin to look ugly.\",\n \"One of the best ways to seal your concrete shed floor, spruce it up, and make it look amazing is to use an epoxy coating. This is a type of paint, often available in a wide range of colors, that dries to a shiny rock hard finish.\",\n \"First, you scrub the floor and prep it, then apply the epoxy coating with a roller and leave it to dry. This can take a couple of days, but it is well worth it.\",\n \"The only problem with many epoxy coatings is that they can be very slippery when wet. Be sure to buy the non-slip additive and mix it into the coating before you apply it.\",\n \"Concrete paint is really not much more than paint that is designed to adhere to concrete rather than being used for walls or ceilings. It is available in a wide range of colors and in matt or gloss finishes.\",\n \"While it is far more durable than say wall paint, in time it will chip and flake. In fact, this type of paint chips relatively easily if you drop tools on it.\",\n \"Also, worth noting is that most concrete paints require a surface that has been thoroughly cleaned of all greases and residues, something that can be hard to do if your shed floor is old and nasty.\",\n \"Cement sheet flooring has a lot to offer. First, these sheets can be used over virtually any type of flooring from concrete slabs to timber frames and wood floors.\",\n \"Cement sheets are moisture proof, durable, and offer a high level of stability. Cement is also impermeable to termites, ants, rot, and meets with most standards for fire resistance.\",\n \"However, you will need a special tool to cut the sheets to fit in your shed and need to wear appropriate safety gear when working with it. Cement sheets are also quite heavy and can be expensive.\",\n \"Timber over the top makes a great floor covering not only is it a lot softer and warmer for your feet, but it is relatively easy to cut and lay in place.\",\n \"You get to choose how thick the timbers are, what type of wood they are made from, and how you finish them. Timber can be quite strong depending on your choice of woods.\",\n \"However, timber can be subject to rot, stains, and in time warpage or damage that makes it less than ideal as a flooring choice.\",\n \"New timber flooring can be used to create a floor in just about any type of shed. It creates a floor that gives when you walk or stand on it, making it much easier on your feet.\",\n \"Wood does not transmit cold in the same manner as concrete helping your garden shed to stay warmer in the winter. Once again wood is subject to rot, termites, ants, mice, rats, and damage by several other pests. You will need to keep it sealed well or your timber will stain and become embedded with grease and oil unless you keep it clean.\",\n \"New plywood is often used as the subflooring or underlayment in new home and shed construction. It is relatively strong and durable depending on the thickness and quality you purchase.\",\n \"Plywood is easily damaged by water and other chemicals. You can seal and paint it for added protection, but even so, your floor will only have a limited lifespan. Your best bet is to use new plywood as a subfloor and then to cover it with timbers, tiles, carpet, or cement sheets.\",\n \"No matter what type of floor you have in your garden shed, your feet are likely to get sore and cold if you plan to work in your shed for any length of time.\",\n \"Take a good look around and find the most common areas where you stand while working on your projects. These are the perfect spots for pieces of old carpets.\",\n \"Carpet is warm and soft, but it does get dirty and stained easily. Be prepared to swap it out on a frequent basis.\",\n \"Rubber mats have been used in stores and industry as a way to relieve the strain on feet and joints often caused by long hours standing. While a wood floor may be a little softer or carpets add padding, nothing beats a good thick rubber mat.\",\n \"Rubber has the added advantage of being easy to clean as well as long term durability. Good quality rubber mats can be a little on the spendy side, so be prepared to shell out some serious cash if you want good quality mats.\",\n \"When your concrete slab has nicks, ding, divots, and rough spots in it, life can get pretty interesting. Your garden shed floor suddenly becomes an obstacle course as you try to move tool boxes around or try to clean up any spills and messes.\",\n \"You can literally create a new floor surface by using a self-leveling compound. Simply coat the entire floor and let it sit, the compound will flow into all the nooks and crannies leaving behind a nice smooth surface. Keep in mind it could take 24 hours or longer for the compound to completely dry.\",\n \"Checkerplate or diamond plate is a stainless steel or aluminum flooring that can be used to cover a wide range of floors. It is impervious to most chemicals, water, rot, and pests.\",\n \"You will need to have it pre-cut to fit your shed or have special tools to cut it. It is the ideal garden shed floor for a shed where you will be performing mechanical work or storing very heavy items.\",\n \"The biggest drawback to this type of flooring is that it can become slippery when wet, despite the raised patterns. On top of this, checkerplate is very expensive.\",\n \"Most people don't think of flooring when they hear the word sandpaper. However, you can buy rolls of sandpaper in a range of widths and grits. All you have to do is unroll the sandpaper, peel off the backing, and stick it to a clean surface.\",\n \"You will have a non-slip surface even when it is wet or oily. However, if you get the sandpaper too wet, it will fall apart. Along with this, over time the grit will wear down and the sandpaper will need to be replaced.\",\n \"You should also base your final choice when building a shed floor in part on where you live. To do this you need to answer a few basic questions such as is the humidity level high, does it rain a lot, are winters very cold, do you have termites, ants, rats, or mice? All of these problems will significantly affect your final choice.\",\n \"There is nothing worse than a shed floor that is stained, ugly, uneven, or damaged. If this is what you have to deal with, it's no wonder you don't spend much time out in your shed.\",\n \"Take a good look at the current condition of your garden shed floor and then choose a floor covering or new floor to suit your needs.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\\n\\n * Home →\\n\\n * How to Build a Shed →\\n\\n * The Definitive Guide to Shed Accessories →\\n\\n * 11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\\n\\n0\\n\\n# 11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\\n\\n#### Quick Navigation\\n\\nQuick Navigation\\n\\nCommon problems with Garden Shed Floors\\n\\n1\\\\. Too Cool\\n\\n2\\\\. Too Hard\\n\\n3\\\\. Slippery\\n\\n4\\\\. Old and Worn Out\\n\\n5\\\\. Not Level\\n\\nSolutions to Shed Floor Problems\\n\\n1\\\\. Epoxy Coating\\n\\n2\\\\. Concrete Paint\\n\\n3\\\\. Cement Sheet\\n\\n4\\\\. Timber Over the Top\\n\\n5\\\\. New Timber Flooring\\n\\n6\\\\. New Plywood Flooring Sheets\\n\\n7\\\\. Old Carpet\\n\\n8\\\\. Rubber Mat\\n\\n9\\\\. Concrete Resurfacing / Self - Levelling Compound\\n\\n10\\\\. Checkerplate or Diamond Plate\\n\\n11\\\\. Sandpaper\\n\\nImportant points on making your choice\\n\\nIn Summary...\\n\\nLooking for Shed Foundations? The review of the 6 most popular foundations\\nused for sheds is here\\n\\nWHEN YOU WALK UP THE RAMP and open the door, what do you see when you look\\ndown?\\n\\nDo you see a nice smooth shed floor that literally invites you in?\\n\\nDo you see a dirty, dingy mess that drives you back outside?\\n\\nAll kidding aside, all of your time in your shed is spent on your shed floor.\\nSo it's important that it's solid, dependable and also comfortable.\\n\\nBecause of that we are going to take a good look at the many different\\nproblems that can happen with your shed floor. We are also going to cover a\\nfew great ways to fix up your garden shed floor.\\n\\n## Common problems with Garden Shed Floors\\n\\nThere are many things to consider when building a shed floor, most of which\\nconcern your overall comfort while working in your shed.\\n\\nHowever, no matter what you plan to use your garden shed for, it needs to have\\na solid floor that is in good condition, suited to the intended use and\\ncomfortable to work on.\\n\\n### 1\\\\. Too Cool\\n\\nNo one likes to work with cold feet. When your shed floor is nothing more than\\na concrete slab, this is a very common problem.\\n\\nThe same can be said of a wood floor with a crawl space underneath it. When\\nyou have to work in this type of environment, chances are good you won’t spend\\nmuch time in your shed.\\n\\nOn top of this, if your floor is cold, it’s a sure bet the rest of your shed\\nwill be as well.\\n\\n### 2\\\\. Too Hard\\n\\nYou built your shed as a place to work on projects that often take hours of\\nyour time. The last thing you need is a hard floor that makes your feet feel\\ntired.\\n\\nConcrete might provide a great foundation for your shed, but no one wants to\\nstand for long periods of time on a bare concrete slab. All you have to do is\\nlook where the cashiers stand in most stores to see this, even store owners\\nadd a mat for their employees to stand on.\\n\\n### 3\\\\. Slippery\\n\\nRemember the last time it rained, you stepped inside your shed and almost fell\\non your backside when your feet slipped out from under you?\\n\\nIf you live in an area where it rains a lot or for that matter even if it only\\nrains a little, the last thing you need is a slippery garden shed floor.\\n\\nPainted floors tend to be the worst for this type of problem. Many floor\\npaints, whether the floor is made of wood or concrete, become very slippery\\nwhen wet. This can make your shed a very dangerous place to hang out when it's\\nwet outside.\\n\\n### 4\\\\. Old and Worn Out\\n\\nSo the floor in your shed is just as old as the foundation. Over time it has\\nbeen subjected to hours of people walking on it, chemicals being spilled, and\\ntools being dropped.\\n\\nYour shed floor has been soaked by rain when someone left the door open, you\\nname it and it has probably happened to the floor.\\n\\nNow it has nicks, dings, splinters (if it is made of wood), and is essentially\\nworn out. Not to mention that thanks to numerous stains and ground in dirt, it\\nsimply looks terrible.\\n\\nNo one wants to work in a shed with this kind of floor, close the door and go\\nback inside the house.\\n\\n### 5\\\\. Not Level\\n\\nWhen you set a ball on your shed floor does the ball stay still or roll into a\\ncorner? If it rolls away all on its own, your shed floor is definitely not\\nlevel.\\n\\nDoesn’t seem such a big deal? Wait until you are trying to work with a can of\\npaint that overflows on one side or your tools roll away every time you put\\nthem down.\\n\\nWhat about that big toolbox that won’t quite stay up against the wall because\\nit wants to roll to the other side of your shed. No matter what a shed floor\\nthat is not level can cause a lot of problems.\\n\\n## Solutions to Shed Floor Problems\\n\\nThere are a number of different ways to deal with these problems with your\\ngarden shed floor. Most are pretty simple and relatively inexpensive.\\n\\nThe most important thing to keep in mind, no matter what the problem is with\\nyour shed floor, is that if the floor is uncomfortable or unappealing, you\\naren’t going to spend much time in your private getaway.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\\n\\n### 1\\\\. Epoxy Coating\\n\\n#### \\\\- A Rock Hard Two-Part Floor Coating\\n\\nConcrete is a very hard substance and is a great way to create both a\\nfoundation and a floor for you garden shed. But it stains easily and over time\\ncan begin to look ugly.\\n\\nOne of the best ways to seal your concrete shed floor, spruce it up, and make\\nit look amazing is to use an epoxy coating. This is a type of paint, often\\navailable in a wide range of colors, that dries to a shiny rock hard finish.\\n\\nFirst, you scrub the floor and prep it, then apply the epoxy coating with a\\nroller and leave it to dry. This can take a couple of days, but it is well\\nworth it.\\n\\nThe only problem with many epoxy coatings is that they can be very slippery\\nwhen wet. Be sure to buy the non-slip additive and mix it into the coating\\nbefore you apply it.\\n\\nImage Courtesy ofAmazon\\n\\n### 2\\\\. Concrete Paint\\n\\n#### \\\\- A Quick Easy Way to Spruce Up Your Shed Floor\\n\\nConcrete paint is really not much more than paint that is designed to adhere\\nto concrete rather than being used for walls or ceilings. It is available in a\\nwide range of colors and in matt or gloss finishes.\\n\\nWhile it is far more durable than say wall paint, in time it will chip and\\nflake. In fact, this type of paint chips relatively easily if you drop tools\\non it.\\n\\nAlso, worth noting is that most concrete paints require a surface that has\\nbeen thoroughly cleaned of all greases and residues, something that can be\\nhard to do if your shed floor is old and nasty.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Framecad\\n\\n### 3\\\\. Cement Sheet\\n\\n#### \\\\- Great Solution for Many Types of Shed Floors\\n\\nCement sheet flooring has a lot to offer. First, these sheets can be used over\\nvirtually any type of flooring from concrete slabs to timber frames and wood\\nfloors.\\n\\nCement sheets are moisture proof, durable, and offer a high level of\\nstability. Cement is also impermeable to termites, ants, rot, and meets with\\nmost standards for fire resistance.\\n\\nHowever, you will need a special tool to cut the sheets to fit in your shed\\nand need to wear appropriate safety gear when working with it. Cement sheets\\nare also quite heavy and can be expensive.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Softwoods\\n\\n### 4\\\\. Timber Over the Top\\n\\n#### \\\\- For Concrete Slabs, Pavers, Timber Frame and Kit Sheds\\n\\nTimber over the top makes a great floor covering not only is it a lot softer\\nand warmer for your feet, but it is relatively easy to cut and lay in place.\\n\\nYou get to choose how thick the timbers are, what type of wood they are made\\nfrom, and how you finish them. Timber can be quite strong depending on your\\nchoice of woods.\\n\\nHowever, timber can be subject to rot, stains, and in time warpage or damage\\nthat makes it less than ideal as a flooring choice.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\\n\\n### 5\\\\. New Timber Flooring\\n\\n#### \\\\- Another Highly Viable Flooring Option\\n\\nNew timber flooring can be used to create a floor in just about any type of\\nshed. It creates a floor that gives when you walk or stand on it, making it\\nmuch easier on your feet.\\n\\nWood does not transmit cold in the same manner as concrete helping your garden\\nshed to stay warmer in the winter. Once again wood is subject to rot,\\ntermites, ants, mice, rats, and damage by several other pests. You will need\\nto keep it sealed well or your timber will stain and become embedded with\\ngrease and oil unless you keep it clean.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\\n\\n### 6\\\\. New Plywood Flooring Sheets\\n\\n#### \\\\- Better Used as a Sub-Floor\\n\\nNew plywood is often used as the subflooring or underlayment in new home and\\nshed construction. It is relatively strong and durable depending on the\\nthickness and quality you purchase.\\n\\nPlywood is easily damaged by water and other chemicals. You can seal and paint\\nit for added protection, but even so, your floor will only have a limited\\nlifespan. Your best bet is to use new plywood as a subfloor and then to cover\\nit with timbers, tiles, carpet, or cement sheets.\\n\\n### 7\\\\. Old Carpet\\n\\n#### \\\\- Great for Small Area Coverage\\n\\nNo matter what type of floor you have in your garden shed, your feet are\\nlikely to get sore and cold if you plan to work in your shed for any length of\\ntime.\\n\\nTake a good look around and find the most common areas where you stand while\\nworking on your projects. These are the perfect spots for pieces of old\\ncarpets.\\n\\nCarpet is warm and soft, but it does get dirty and stained easily. Be prepared\\nto swap it out on a frequent basis.\\n\\nImage from Amazon\\n\\n### 8\\\\. Rubber Mat\\n\\n#### \\\\- Perfect for Tired Feet\\n\\nRubber mats have been used in stores and industry as a way to relieve the\\nstrain on feet and joints often caused by long hours standing. While a wood\\nfloor may be a little softer or carpets add padding, nothing beats a good\\nthick rubber mat.\\n\\nRubber has the added advantage of being easy to clean as well as long term\\ndurability. Good quality rubber mats can be a little on the spendy side, so be\\nprepared to shell out some serious cash if you want good quality mats.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\\n\\n### 9\\\\. Concrete Resurfacing / Self - Levelling Compound\\n\\n#### \\\\- Perfect for Concrete Slabs or Cement Sheet\\n\\nWhen your concrete slab has nicks, ding, divots, and rough spots in it, life\\ncan get pretty interesting. Your garden shed floor suddenly becomes an\\nobstacle course as you try to move tool boxes around or try to clean up any\\nspills and messes.\\n\\nYou can literally create a new floor surface by using a self-leveling\\ncompound. Simply coat the entire floor and let it sit, the compound will flow\\ninto all the nooks and crannies leaving behind a nice smooth surface. Keep in\\nmind it could take 24 hours or longer for the compound to completely dry.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\\n\\n### 10\\\\. Checkerplate or Diamond Plate\\n\\n#### \\\\- For Concrete Slabs, Pavers, and Timber Frame Floors\\n\\nCheckerplate or diamond plate is a stainless steel or aluminum flooring that\\ncan be used to cover a wide range of floors. It is impervious to most\\nchemicals, water, rot, and pests.\\n\\nYou will need to have it pre-cut to fit your shed or have special tools to cut\\nit. It is the ideal garden shed floor for a shed where you will be performing\\nmechanical work or storing very heavy items.\\n\\nThe biggest drawback to this type of flooring is that it can become slippery\\nwhen wet, despite the raised patterns. On top of this, checkerplate is very\\nexpensive.\\n\\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\\n\\n### 11\\\\. Sandpaper\\n\\n#### \\\\- A Fast Non-Slip Multipurpose Floor Covering\\n\\nMost people don't think of flooring when they hear the word sandpaper.\\nHowever, you can buy rolls of sandpaper in a range of widths and grits. All\\nyou have to do is unroll the sandpaper, peel off the backing, and stick it to\\na clean surface.\\n\\nYou will have a non-slip surface even when it is wet or oily. However, if you\\nget the sandpaper too wet, it will fall apart. Along with this, over time the\\ngrit will wear down and the sandpaper will need to be replaced.\\n\\n## Important points on making your choice\\n\\nYou should also base your final choice when building a shed floor in part on\\nwhere you live. To do this you need to answer a few basic questions such as is\\nthe humidity level high, does it rain a lot, are winters very cold, do you\\nhave termites, ants, rats, or mice? All of these problems will significantly\\naffect your final choice.\\n\\n## In Summary...\\n\\nThere is nothing worse than a shed floor that is stained, ugly, uneven, or\\ndamaged. If this is what you have to deal with, it's no wonder you don't spend\\nmuch time out in your shed.\\n\\nTake a good look at the current condition of your garden shed floor and then\\nchoose a floor covering or new floor to suit your needs.\\n\\nIf you know of any other good types of garden shed flooring contact us via the\\ncontact page.\\n\\nIf you like what you have just read, share it on Facebook, Pinterest, or\\nTwitter.\\n\\nThanks for reading!\\n\\n0 shares\\n\\nShare0\\n\\nTweet0\\n\\nShare +10\\n\\nPin0\\n\\nShares\\n\\n * Shed\\n * Chickens\\n * Garden\\n * Patio\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Zac Spade of Zacs Garden\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Thank You for Making This Happen\\n * Contact Zac\\n\\nThis website uses cookies to help improve your experience. Details here.\\n\\n * Home\\n * About Zac Spade of Zacs Garden\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Thank You for Making This Happen\\n * Contact Zac\\n\\nCopyright text 2021 by Zacs Garden. Privacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200407153438/https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Use a Speed Square\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Speed squares aren't just for marking 90- and 45-degree angles when you're cutting 2x4s. You can use a speed square to find roof pitches, guide your circular saw and more—including marking any angle from 0 to 90 degrees.\",\n \"Ever wonder why every contractor you see has a triangular square stuck in his tool belt? This dandy little tool is often called a speed square, and it can offer you the biggest bang for the buck in your toolbox. I picked up the one shown in the photos for $3 at a home center in 1999. This tool has dozens of uses; here are three of our favorites.\",\n \"Place the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the fat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level. Read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\",\n \"Swing the rafter square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Shown being marked is a 33-1/2 degree angle.\",\n \"Speed squares are a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic rafter squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along.\",\n \"With a torpedo level and a speed square, you can pretty accurately gauge the pitch of any roof with a gable end (Photo 1). The pitch tells you the amount of vertical rise (in inches) for every 12 in. of run. To find the pitch, just place the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the fat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level, and read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\",\n \"You can use the speed square to mark an angle, such as when cutting a rafter tail, by holding the pivot point against the board. Swing the square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Photo 2 shows how to use the speed square to mark a 33-1/2 degree angle—the same, as you would need on a rafter tail for a roof with an 8/12 pitch.\",\n \"Before miter saws, and even since, professional carpenters used speed squares as a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along. This method works better (and safer) when right- handed users have a circular saw with the motor to the right of the blade (like the one in Photo 3).\",\n \"Here are some other quirky uses we’ve heard speed squares put to: nail set, boot scraper, shim, butter knife and digging tool. It’s a good thing they don’t cost much.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Use a Speed Square\\n\\nShare\\n\\nShare on Facebook\\n\\nSave on Pinterest\\n\\nTweet this\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nNext Project\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\\n\\nHome Tools\\n\\n# How to Use a Speed Square\\n\\n## Get the most out of this handy little triangle\\n\\nNext Project›\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\nSpeed squares aren't just for marking 90- and 45-degree angles when you're\\ncutting 2x4s. You can use a speed square to find roof pitches, guide your\\ncircular saw and more—including marking any angle from 0 to 90 degrees.\\n\\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\\n\\nYou might also like: TBD\\n\\n## What is a speed square?\\n\\nEver wonder why every contractor you see has a triangular square stuck in his\\ntool belt? This dandy little tool is often called a speed square, and it can\\noffer you the biggest bang for the buck in your toolbox. I picked up the one\\nshown in the photos for $3 at a home center in 1999. This tool has dozens of\\nuses; here are three of our favorites.\\n\\n## How to use your speed square\\n\\n### Photo 1: Finding roof pitch\\n\\nPlace the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the\\nfat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level.\\nRead the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\\n\\n### Photo 2: Marking angles\\n\\nSwing the rafter square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge,\\nand make your mark. Shown being marked is a 33-1/2 degree angle.\\n\\n### Photo 3: Guiding saw cuts\\n\\nSpeed squares are a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The\\nplastic rafter squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good\\nfence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along.\\n\\nWith a torpedo level and a speed square, you can pretty accurately gauge the\\npitch of any roof with a gable end (Photo 1). The pitch tells you the amount\\nof vertical rise (in inches) for every 12 in. of run. To find the pitch, just\\nplace the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the\\nfat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level,\\nand read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\\n\\nYou can use the speed square to mark an angle, such as when cutting a rafter\\ntail, by holding the pivot point against the board. Swing the square until you\\nread the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Photo 2 shows\\nhow to use the speed square to mark a 33-1/2 degree angle—the same, as you\\nwould need on a rafter tail for a roof with an 8/12 pitch.\\n\\nBefore miter saws, and even since, professional carpenters used speed squares\\nas a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic squares\\nare thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a\\ncircular saw to ride along. This method works better (and safer) when right-\\nhanded users have a circular saw with the motor to the right of the blade\\n(like the one in Photo 3).\\n\\nHere are some other quirky uses we’ve heard speed squares put to: nail set,\\nboot scraper, shim, butter knife and digging tool. It’s a good thing they\\ndon’t cost much.\\n\\n## Required Tools for this Project\\n\\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\\nsave time and frustration.\\n\\n * Circular saw\\n * Speed square\\n\\nYou’ll also need a torpedo level.\\n\\n## Similar Projects\\n\\nImpact Drill: What It Is and When Do You Use it?\\n\\nDrill Press: What it is and When Do You Use it?\\n\\nWhat Is a Chop Saw?\\n\\nTop Cordless Drill Drivers for 2020\\n\\nTim Allen Wants to Reboot Home Improvement\\n\\nWalmart Releases HART, a New Line of Tools Made for DIYers\\n\\nThe Best New Things at Harbor Freight Right Now\\n\\n19 Classic Handy Tool Tips and Tricks\\n\\n20 Amazing Storage Products from Harbor Freight\\n\\n8 Clever Tool Hacks\\n\\nTips for Ripping Wood\\n\\nThis Is What You Should Spend Your Home Depot Gift Cards On This Year\\n\\nBest Snow Blowers for 2020\\n\\n10 New Hart Tools DIYers Should Buy at Walmart Immediately\\n\\n8 Tool Maintenance Tips You Need to Follow\\n\\n10 Best Snow Shovels on the Market\\n\\nWhat Is a Scroll Saw?\\n\\n10 Tools That Will Last You a Lifetime\\n\\n12 Amazing Hardware Storage Containers for Your Workshop\\n\\n30 Secret Tool Tips for DIYers\\n\\n## Popular How-To Videos\\n\\n##### Read Next\\n\\nImpact Drill: What It Is and When Do You Use it?\\n\\nDrill Press: What it is and When Do You Use it?\\n\\nWhat Is a Chop Saw?\\n\\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Magazine\\n * Electrical\\n\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n * Garage\\n * Outdoors\\n\\nOur Brands\\n\\n * Reader’s Digest\\n * Taste of Home\\n * Birds & Blooms\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Advertise with Us\\n * Customer Care\\n * Content Submission\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\\n * Terms of Use\\n * About Ads\\n\\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\\n\\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\\n\\nDo it right, do it yourself!\\n\\n * How To & Repair\\n\\n * 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Giveaways\\n\\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\\n * Subscribe\\n\\n * Magazine Subscription\\n * Family Handyman Insider\\n * Newsletters\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * Promotions\\n * Follow Us\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Instagram\\n * Twitter\\n * Project Plans\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004944/https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"1.3 Codes and Standards\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.\",\n \"Federal Law. The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312 (formerly section 21 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959, 40 U.S.C. 619), require that each building constructed or altered by GSA or any other federal agency shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be in compliance with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other applicable nationally recognized codes.\",\n \"Nationally Recognized Codes. For all design and construction work performed on federal buildings by GSA or those functions under GSA’s construction authority, GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the following nationally recognized codes referred to in this subsection. The technical requirements of these nationally recognized codes will supplement other GSA requirements mandated by Federal Laws and Executive Orders, as well as other GSA criteria noted within this document that has been established to meet our customers needs and their unique requirements. In addition, the latest edition of the nationally recognized codes, including the current accumulative supplements, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used throughout design and construction of that project.\",\n \"Building Code. The International Code Council (ICC) is a consolidated organization that is comprised of what was formerly the Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO), and the Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc. (SBCCI). Based upon this consolidation and consistent with GSA’s established national policy, the GSA will utilize the technical requirements of the family of codes issued by ICC in lieu of the National Building Code (published by BOCA), the Uniform Building Code (published by ICBO), and the Standard Building Code (published by SBCCI).\",\n \"The ICC family of codes includes, but is not limited to: International Building Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), International Plumbing Code (IPC), International Mechanical Code (IMC), and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). The ICC family of codes is available through www.iccsafe.org/ .\",\n \"Furthermore, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has established its own family of national model codes and standards. Consistent with GSA's long-standing policy to comply with local codes and standards to the maximum extent practicable, NFPA codes may be used (to the maximum extent practicable) in jurisdictions where NFPA codes have been duly adopted by that locality.\",\n \"Life Safety Code. GSA has adopted the technical egress requirements of the NFPA, Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), in lieu of the technical egress requirements of the IBC. NFPA 101 is available through www.nfpa.org/.\",\n \"National Electric Code. GSA has adopted the technical electrical requirements of the NFPA, National Electric Code (NFPA 70), in lieu of the technical electrical requirements of the ICC Electrical Code. The National Electrical Code is available through www.nfpa.org/.\",\n \"State and Local Codes. GSA recognizes that the national building codes are typically the foundation of state and local building codes. However, state and local codes also represent important regional interests and conditions. As such, state and local building codes shall also be followed to the maximum extent practicable.\",\n \"Legally, however, buildings built on federal property are exempt from state and local building codes. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable.\",\n \"National Standards. The latest edition of the nationally recognized standards herein, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used during design and construction.\",\n \"Lease Construction. Lease construction is defined as new construction of a building for Government use in response to GSA’s formal solicitation for offers. The construction may be either on a pre-selected site assigned by GSA to the successful offeror or on the offeror’s site. Therefore, the building will be developed on private land and the building will be leased to GSA. In these cases, the applicable State and local government codes apply. The developer/owner (i.e., offeror) must also obtain the necessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government officials. The Facilities Standards do not apply to Lease Construction, it does, however, apply to Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase and is recommended for significant build-to-lease buildings. For requirements for Lease Construction see SFO specific program, i.e. seismic, environmental, fire safety, accessibility, etc.\",\n \"Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase. In cases where GSA’s formal solicitation for offers has an option for GSA to purchase the building at a future date, the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes and requirements apply as well as the applicable state and local government codes. Should a conflict exist between applicable State and local government codes and the GSA requirements, the GSA requirements take precedence. However, GSA shall carefully consider each conflict based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. In addition, the developer/owner must also obtain the necessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government officials as well as from GSA.\",\n \"Conflicts between Nationally Recognized Codes and GSA Requirements. To ensure flexibility, it is GSA policy to make maximum use of equivalency clauses in all nationally recognized codes. Should a conflict exist between GSA requirements and the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes, the GSA requirement shall prevail. All code conflicts shall be brought to the attention of the GSA project manager for resolution.\",\n \"Code Requirements for Alterations. Generally, involved building systems need only be upgraded to correct deficiencies identified by GSA, unless the entire building is being renovated. All new work is required to meet the applicable nationally recognized codes adopted by GSA and interpreted by the specific GSA Region. If only a portion of the building is being renovated, the IBC shall be evaluated to determine if the entire building must be brought up to code compliance. Any questions or concerns should be discussed with the GSA project manager.\",\n \"Zoning Laws. During the planning process and development of associated environmental documentation for new construction and renovation projects, GSA shall consider all requirements (other than procedural requirements) of zoning laws, design guidelines, and other similar laws of the state and/or local government. This includes, but is not limited to, laws relating to landscaping, open space, building setbacks, maximum height of the building, historic preservation, and aesthetic qualities of a building. The project design team is to fully address such laws and requirements in their planning and design documents. Any proposed deviations from such laws are to be documented, fully justified, and brought to the attention of the GSA project manager for resolution.\",\n \"Local regulations must be followed without exception in the design of systems that have a direct impact on off-site terrain or utility systems (such as storm water run-off, erosion control, sanitary sewers and storm drains and water, gas, electrical power and communications, emergency vehicle access, and roads and bridges).\",\n \"With respect to the number of parking spaces, the requirements stated in the building program take precedence over zoning ordinances in all cases. Although GSA may not be able to directly compensate for displaced parking (as a result of site acquisition), the project team should seek creative alternatives and partnerships to address parking concerns brought about by GSA’s development. Considerations may include shared parking facilities and strategies to encourage transit use.\",\n \"State and Local Government Consultation, Review, and Inspections. The GSA project manager shall provide to the appropriate state and/or local government officials the opportunity to review the project for compatibility with local plans, zoning compliance, building code compliance, and construction inspections. This must occur early in project design so that the design can easily respond to appropriate recommendations. This includes, but is not limited to the review of drawings and specifications, any on-site inspections, issuing building permits, and making recommendations for compliance with local regulations and compatibility with local fire fighting practices. The GSA project manager shall also inform the state and local government officials that GSA and its contractors will not be required to pay any amount for any action taken by the State and/or local government officials to carry out their mission. However, GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation from state and/or local government officials.\",\n \"Zoning and other considerations relating to urban design issues. The design team should offer local officials an opportunity to informally review and comment on the design concept, for compatibility with local plans, zoning, and design guidelines. Key design milestones, such as at initial concepts and around the project’s peer review sessions, offer logical timeframes for these reviews and can be especially helpful to the designers. If local officials choose to review the concept, the GSA project manager should establish a concise window in which comments can be accepted (e.g., no longer than 30 days), and this should be coordinated with the project design schedule. If local officials choose not to review the design concept, this should be noted in the project file.\",\n \"Design review for code compliance. If the state and local government officials elect to review building designs for code compliance (i.e., final concepts, preliminary designs, and final working drawings), such design submissions will be officially forwarded to the appropriate local officials by the GSA project manager. Local officials will be provided 30 days for their review and comment in writing for each proposed design submission, with no time extensions. If comments are not received after the commenting period is over, the GSA project manager will proceed with project execution.\",\n \"Construction Inspections. If the state and local government officials elect to perform code compliance construction inspections, the GSA project manager shall include special provisions in the A/E’s and each contractor’s contract to handle the additional requirement of coordinating their work with state and local government officials. Any findings resulting from such inspections by the state and local government officials shall be immediately communicated to the GSA project manager for consideration. It is to be clearly understood by all parties (e.g., state and local government officials, construction contractors, GSA, etc.) that the state and local government officials do not have the authority to reject, accept, or make changes to the work and is there only to assist GSA in achieving code compliance. State and local government recommendations. The GSA project manager should make an effort to incorporate state and local government recommendations when reasonable and when in the best interest of the government. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable. GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation. The GSA project manager shall maintain a record of all recommendations and comments from state and local government officials for the duration of the project.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"1.3 Codes and Standards | GSA\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\nAn official website of the United States government\\n\\nHere’s how you know\\n\\nOfficial websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government\\norganization in the United States.\\n\\nSecure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely\\nconnected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official,\\nsecure websites.\\n\\nU.S. General Services Administration\\n\\n# 1.3 Codes and Standards\\n\\nFederal Law. The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312 (formerly\\nsection 21 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959, 40 U.S.C. 619), require that\\neach building constructed or altered by GSA or any other federal agency shall,\\nto the maximum extent feasible, be in compliance with one of the nationally\\nrecognized model building codes and with other applicable nationally\\nrecognized codes.\\n\\nNationally Recognized Codes. For all design and construction work performed on\\nfederal buildings by GSA or those functions under GSA’s construction\\nauthority, GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the following\\nnationally recognized codes referred to in this subsection. The technical\\nrequirements of these nationally recognized codes will supplement other GSA\\nrequirements mandated by Federal Laws and Executive Orders, as well as other\\nGSA criteria noted within this document that has been established to meet our\\ncustomers needs and their unique requirements. In addition, the latest edition\\nof the nationally recognized codes, including the current accumulative\\nsupplements, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used\\nthroughout design and construction of that project.\\n\\nBuilding Code. The International Code Council (ICC) is a consolidated\\norganization that is comprised of what was formerly the Building Officials and\\nCode Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), the International Conference\\nof Building Officials (ICBO), and the Southern Building Code Congress\\nInternational, Inc. (SBCCI). Based upon this consolidation and consistent with\\nGSA’s established national policy, the GSA will utilize the technical\\nrequirements of the family of codes issued by ICC in lieu of the National\\nBuilding Code (published by BOCA), the Uniform Building Code (published by\\nICBO), and the Standard Building Code (published by SBCCI).\\n\\nThe ICC family of codes includes, but is not limited to: International\\nBuilding Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), International Plumbing\\nCode (IPC), International Mechanical Code (IMC), and the International Energy\\nConservation Code (IECC). The ICC family of codes is available through\\nwww.iccsafe.org/ .\\n\\nFurthermore, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has established\\nits own family of national model codes and standards. Consistent with GSA's\\nlong-standing policy to comply with local codes and standards to the maximum\\nextent practicable, NFPA codes may be used (to the maximum extent practicable)\\nin jurisdictions where NFPA codes have been duly adopted by that locality.\\n\\nLife Safety Code. GSA has adopted the technical egress requirements of the\\nNFPA, Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), in lieu of the technical egress\\nrequirements of the IBC. NFPA 101 is available through www.nfpa.org/.\\n\\nNational Electric Code. GSA has adopted the technical electrical requirements\\nof the NFPA, National Electric Code (NFPA 70), in lieu of the technical\\nelectrical requirements of the ICC Electrical Code. The National Electrical\\nCode is available through www.nfpa.org/.\\n\\nState and Local Codes. GSA recognizes that the national building codes are\\ntypically the foundation of state and local building codes. However, state and\\nlocal codes also represent important regional interests and conditions. As\\nsuch, state and local building codes shall also be followed to the maximum\\nextent practicable.\\n\\nLegally, however, buildings built on federal property are exempt from state\\nand local building codes. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with\\nstate and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable.\\n\\nNational Standards. The latest edition of the nationally recognized standards\\nherein, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used during\\ndesign and construction.\\n\\nLease Construction. Lease construction is defined as new construction of a\\nbuilding for Government use in response to GSA’s formal solicitation for\\noffers. The construction may be either on a pre-selected site assigned by GSA\\nto the successful offeror or on the offeror’s site. Therefore, the building\\nwill be developed on private land and the building will be leased to GSA. In\\nthese cases, the applicable State and local government codes apply. The\\ndeveloper/owner (i.e., offeror) must also obtain the necessary building\\npermits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government\\nofficials. The Facilities Standards do not apply to Lease Construction, it\\ndoes, however, apply to Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase\\nand is recommended for significant build-to-lease buildings. For requirements\\nfor Lease Construction see SFO specific program, i.e. seismic, environmental,\\nfire safety, accessibility, etc.\\n\\nLease Construction with Government Option to Purchase. In cases where GSA’s\\nformal solicitation for offers has an option for GSA to purchase the building\\nat a future date, the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes and requirements\\napply as well as the applicable state and local government codes. Should a\\nconflict exist between applicable State and local government codes and the GSA\\nrequirements, the GSA requirements take precedence. However, GSA shall\\ncarefully consider each conflict based on adequacy, cost, and nationally\\naccepted practice. In addition, the developer/owner must also obtain the\\nnecessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or\\nlocal government officials as well as from GSA.\\n\\nConflicts between Nationally Recognized Codes and GSA Requirements. To ensure\\nflexibility, it is GSA policy to make maximum use of equivalency clauses in\\nall nationally recognized codes. Should a conflict exist between GSA\\nrequirements and the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes, the GSA\\nrequirement shall prevail. All code conflicts shall be brought to the\\nattention of the GSA project manager for resolution.\\n\\nCode Requirements for Alterations. Generally, involved building systems need\\nonly be upgraded to correct deficiencies identified by GSA, unless the entire\\nbuilding is being renovated. All new work is required to meet the applicable\\nnationally recognized codes adopted by GSA and interpreted by the specific GSA\\nRegion. If only a portion of the building is being renovated, the IBC shall be\\nevaluated to determine if the entire building must be brought up to code\\ncompliance. Any questions or concerns should be discussed with the GSA project\\nmanager.\\n\\nZoning Laws. During the planning process and development of associated\\nenvironmental documentation for new construction and renovation projects, GSA\\nshall consider all requirements (other than procedural requirements) of zoning\\nlaws, design guidelines, and other similar laws of the state and/or local\\ngovernment. This includes, but is not limited to, laws relating to\\nlandscaping, open space, building setbacks, maximum height of the building,\\nhistoric preservation, and aesthetic qualities of a building. The project\\ndesign team is to fully address such laws and requirements in their planning\\nand design documents. Any proposed deviations from such laws are to be\\ndocumented, fully justified, and brought to the attention of the GSA project\\nmanager for resolution.\\n\\nLocal regulations must be followed without exception in the design of systems\\nthat have a direct impact on off-site terrain or utility systems (such as\\nstorm water run-off, erosion control, sanitary sewers and storm drains and\\nwater, gas, electrical power and communications, emergency vehicle access, and\\nroads and bridges).\\n\\nWith respect to the number of parking spaces, the requirements stated in the\\nbuilding program take precedence over zoning ordinances in all cases. Although\\nGSA may not be able to directly compensate for displaced parking (as a result\\nof site acquisition), the project team should seek creative alternatives and\\npartnerships to address parking concerns brought about by GSA’s development.\\nConsiderations may include shared parking facilities and strategies to\\nencourage transit use.\\n\\nIn the case of leased facilities built on private land, all local zoning\\nordinances apply.\\n\\nState and Local Government Consultation, Review, and Inspections. The GSA\\nproject manager shall provide to the appropriate state and/or local government\\nofficials the opportunity to review the project for compatibility with local\\nplans, zoning compliance, building code compliance, and construction\\ninspections. This must occur early in project design so that the design can\\neasily respond to appropriate recommendations. This includes, but is not\\nlimited to the review of drawings and specifications, any on-site inspections,\\nissuing building permits, and making recommendations for compliance with local\\nregulations and compatibility with local fire fighting practices. The GSA\\nproject manager shall also inform the state and local government officials\\nthat GSA and its contractors will not be required to pay any amount for any\\naction taken by the State and/or local government officials to carry out their\\nmission. However, GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local\\ngovernment officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based\\non adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the\\nfinal authority to accept or reject any recommendation from state and/or local\\ngovernment officials.\\n\\nZoning and other considerations relating to urban design issues. The design\\nteam should offer local officials an opportunity to informally review and\\ncomment on the design concept, for compatibility with local plans, zoning, and\\ndesign guidelines. Key design milestones, such as at initial concepts and\\naround the project’s peer review sessions, offer logical timeframes for these\\nreviews and can be especially helpful to the designers. If local officials\\nchoose to review the concept, the GSA project manager should establish a\\nconcise window in which comments can be accepted (e.g., no longer than 30\\ndays), and this should be coordinated with the project design schedule. If\\nlocal officials choose not to review the design concept, this should be noted\\nin the project file.\\n\\nDesign review for code compliance. If the state and local government officials\\nelect to review building designs for code compliance (i.e., final concepts,\\npreliminary designs, and final working drawings), such design submissions will\\nbe officially forwarded to the appropriate local officials by the GSA project\\nmanager. Local officials will be provided 30 days for their review and comment\\nin writing for each proposed design submission, with no time extensions. If\\ncomments are not received after the commenting period is over, the GSA project\\nmanager will proceed with project execution.\\n\\nConstruction Inspections. If the state and local government officials elect to\\nperform code compliance construction inspections, the GSA project manager\\nshall include special provisions in the A/E’s and each contractor’s contract\\nto handle the additional requirement of coordinating their work with state and\\nlocal government officials. Any findings resulting from such inspections by\\nthe state and local government officials shall be immediately communicated to\\nthe GSA project manager for consideration. It is to be clearly understood by\\nall parties (e.g., state and local government officials, construction\\ncontractors, GSA, etc.) that the state and local government officials do not\\nhave the authority to reject, accept, or make changes to the work and is there\\nonly to assist GSA in achieving code compliance. State and local government\\nrecommendations. The GSA project manager should make an effort to incorporate\\nstate and local government recommendations when reasonable and when in the\\nbest interest of the government. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply\\nwith state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable. GSA\\nshall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials.\\nEach recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and\\nnationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept\\nor reject any recommendation. The GSA project manager shall maintain a record\\nof all recommendations and comments from state and local government officials\\nfor the duration of the project.\\n\\nLast Reviewed: 2019-02-26\\n\\n#### Home\\n\\n#### Resources for ...\\n\\n * Americans with Disabilities\\n * Citizens and Consumers\\n * Federal Employees\\n * Federal Agencies\\n * GSA Employees\\n * Native American Tribes\\n * Presidential & Congressional Commissions, Boards or Small Agencies\\n * Small Businesses\\n * State and Local Governments\\n\\n#### Governmentwide Initiatives\\n\\n * Centers of Excellence\\n * Cybersecurity\\n * Digital Strategy\\n * FedRAMP\\n * GSA Open Data\\n * Identity, Credentials, and Access Management\\n * Open Government\\n * Plain Language\\n * Sustainability\\n * Information Quality\\n * Total Workplace\\n\\n#### Customer Support\\n\\n * Contact Us\\n * Customer Service Directors\\n * Vendor Support Center\\n\\n#### Organization\\n\\n * Leadership Directory\\n * Board of Contract Appeals\\n * Office of Inspector General\\n * Staff Directory\\n\\n#### Reference\\n\\n * Agency Financial Report\\n * Budget and Performance\\n * Catalogs\\n * Orders & Directives\\n * Forms\\n * Freedom of Information Act Requests\\n * No FEAR Act\\n * Reports\\n\\n#### Website Information\\n\\n * A-Z Index\\n * Accessibility\\n * Sitemap\\n * Website Policies\\n\\n#### Also of Interest\\n\\n * Data.gov\\n * USA.gov\\n * Whitehouse.gov\\n\\n#### Tools\\n\\n * eBuy\\n * eLibrary\\n * FBF.gov\\n * GSA Advantage\\n * GSA Auctions\\n * All GSA Web Tools\\n\\n### U.S. General Services Administration\\n\\n * Facebook\\n\\n * Twitter\\n\\n * LinkedIn\\n\\n * Youtube\\n\\n * Instagram\\n\\n * Blog\\n\\n * Email\\n\\n### Join the Conversation\\n\\nFeedback\\n\\nTop\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201129165910/https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"\",\n \"passages\": []\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416173520/https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Excavation safety\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Avoid underground services and make sure not to undermine nearby structures – use safe digging practice and dig away from them.\",\n \"Excavation failures are particularly dangerous because they may occur quickly, limiting the ability of workers (and in some cases others nearby) to escape, especially if the collapse is extensive.\",\n \"The speed of an excavation collapse increases the risk associated with this type of work. The consequences are significant as the falling earth can bury or crush any person in its path resulting in death by suffocation or internal crush injuries.\",\n \"This guideline is for persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs), workers, upstream PCBUs, and competent people involved in excavation work.\",\n \"All work involving excavations must comply with the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) and all relevant regulations, including the Health and Safety in Employment Regulations 1995 (the HSE Regulations) and the Health and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations 2016 (the GRWM Regulations).\",\n \"This guideline does not apply to shafts associated with mining operations, or tunnelling operations, which are regulated under the Health and Safety at Work (Mining Operations and Quarrying Operations) Regulations 2016 (the MOQO Regulations).\",\n \"Some industries have guidelines that deal with specific problems faced in their working environments, such as the electricity sector or plant and machinery hire. When deciding how to do a job safely, make sure to check any industry specific guidance.\",\n \"Excavation work generally means work involving the removal of soil or rock from a site to form an open face, hole or cavity, using tools, machinery or explosives.\",\n \"Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or underground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\",\n \"Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or underground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\",\n \"A trench is a long narrow excavation which is deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface along its length.\",\n \"When a retaining wall is built, an open excavation becomes a trench formed by an excavated face on one side, and a retaining wall on the other. Usually workers need to access this trench to work, for example for waterproofing the retaining wall.\",\n \"Drives are small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or elsewhere, for example, under roads. Cutting a drive is particularly hazardous as it introduces the risk of trapping workers with no alternative escape route.\",\n \"Shafts and drives are often constructed to provide access or ventilation to a tunnel. Shallow shafts can be sunk for investigating or constructing foundations, dewatering, or providing openings to underground facilities.\",\n \"HSWA defines the roles and responsibilities of different duty holders. These include PCBUs, officers, workers and other persons at workplaces.\",\n \"While a PCBU may be an individual or an organisation, usually the PCBU will be an organisation, for example a business entity such as a company.\",\n \"All PCBUs must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of workers and other people are not put at risk by their work. This is the primary duty of care.\",\n \"providing information, training, instruction or supervision necessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety from work\",\n \"A PCBU that manages or controls a workplace must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the workplace, the means of entering or exiting the workplace, and anything arising from the workplace are without health and safety risks to any person. For example, before leaving the site unattended for the night, make sure it and any plant and equipment are safe and secure.\",\n \"More than one PCBU can have a duty to the same matter. Where this happens the PCBUs have overlapping duties. This might happen in a:\",\n \"shared workplace (eg a building site), where more than one PCBU and its workers control and influence the work on site\",\n \"PCBUs that share no contractual relationship may still share overlapping duties, such as when they work on the same site.\",\n \"PCBUs must discharge their overlapping duties to the extent they have the ability to influence and control the matter, and must so far as is reasonably practicable, co-operate, co-ordinate and consult with others in the workplace. For example:\",\n \"Upstream PCBUs infl uence and sometimes eliminate health and safety risks through, for example, designing or manufacturing products that are safe for the end user. Upstream PCBUs must consider potential health and safety risks of their products that could reasonably be expected to be used at a workplace.\",\n \"Designers of temporary works or suppliers of plant used by the PCBU are examples of upstream PCBUs in excavation work.\",\n \"engage with workers on health and safety matters that affect or are likely to affect them, so far as is reasonably practicable\",\n \"Both duties involve two-way communication in a ‘conversation’ about health and safety. Everyone involved in health and safety must be able to contribute and have their opinion considered when decisions are made.\",\n \"Have deliberate, planned ways to engage and support participation. Each PCBU can determine the best way to meet its duties, depending on workers’ views and needs, the size of the organisation and the nature of its risks.\",\n \"A worker is an individual who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU and includes employees, contractors, sub-contractors, apprentices and trainees, and volunteer workers. Workers’ responsibilities include:\",\n \"complying, so far as reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so the PCBU can comply with the law\",\n \"telling the PCBU when they become aware the PPE is damaged or defective, or when it needs to be cleaned or decontaminated.\",\n \"An officer is a person with a specific role in an organisation or a person with the ability to exercise significant influence over the management of the business or undertaking. Organisations can have more than one officer. An officer includes, for example, company directors, and chief executives.\",\n \"Officers have a duty to exercise due diligence to ensure the PCBU complies with their duties under HSWA. Each officer has a duty – it is not a joint duty.\",\n \"Other people at a workplace must take reasonable care of their own health and safety and that of others. However, PCBU’s have the most influence and control over what has created the risk at the workplace, and have the primary duty of care to ensure other people’s health and safety is not at risk from the work.\",\n \"Other people at a workplace potentially at risk from work activities include volunteers, customers, passers-by, visitors, other PCBUs, or workers of another entity.\",\n \"Think broadly about the work and make sure, so far as is reasonably practicable, other people’s health and safety is not put at risk from work being done or from anything else at the workplace.\",\n \"In this guideline, ‘competent person’ refers to the temporary works designer, who should be competent to assess and manage the risks relevant to the excavation’s depth and have a working knowledge of this guideline. A competent person is a person who has acquired through training, qualification or experience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.\",\n \"Table 1 and table 2 (below) set out some recommended competencies for this competent person. The tables show what level of competence is appropriate for increasingly complex excavations.\",\n \"On sites requiring multiple schemes or different temporary works disciplines, one competent person may not have experience across all the disciplines of temporary works and may require additional technical support on site.\",\n \"Each excavation has its own unique set of considerations to address during the design process, some of which may not be immediately apparent. Therefore, make an assessment of the appropriate level of competence for each individual excavation.\",\n \"Experience and competence can be gained via different routes and with lesser qualifications (subject to formal assessment of individual skills) or exemptions made where close supervision/mentoring is provided by others. In some workplaces, the same person could fulfil a number of roles (such as designer and supervisor), depending on their level of competency.\",\n \"Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6, waller and brace solution up to 6 m in depth)\",\n \"Shafts and drives framed with timber or steel with poling boards, lagging or laths. Supported by pre-cast concrete, steel caissons/plates etc\",\n \"(1) Generally flat open ground, with little or no surcharge loading, favourable ground conditions, off set from nearby structures and sensitive infrastructure. Groundwater can be controlled with simple methods, such as a sump pump arrangement.\",\n \"(2) Shoring that comes with documents stating what depths or soil pressure it can be used to (eg slide-rail shoring). Alternatively, shoring designed to specific soil load profiles (eg trench shields).\",\n \"(3) Through training qualifications or experience, has acquired the knowledge and skills to competently excavate to this depth, for example:\",\n \"* someone who has industry training and expertise, experience, knowledge and skills to excavate to this excavation’s depth and type\\n\\n* a Chartered Professional Engineer with experience designing temporary works, holding formal Engineering qualifications (eg Civil, Structural or Geotechnical).\\n(4) Can verify the design and carry out monitoring, depending on the risks identified in the risk assessment\",\n \"(5) The conditions may include very weak or sensitive soils, groundwater that require specialist dewatering or locations near structures and sensitive infrastructure. These conditions would result in an elevated risk when constructing the excavation.\",\n \"Risk management involves thinking more broadly about risk, not just spotting work-related hazards. Think about the root cause of any harmful event, the likelihood it will occur, the consequences if it does and the steps to take to eliminate or minimise the risk.\",\n \"PCBUs must manage all health and safety risks with excavation work. Remember to consult, co-operate and co-ordinate with other PCBUs and to engage with workers.\",\n \"if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risk – minimise the risk so far as is reasonably practicable\",\n \"review, and if necessary revise controls to maintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, a work environment that does not have risks to health and safety.\",\n \"The first step in the risk management process is to identify hazards which could injure or harm anyone. A good hazard identification process is the key to risk management.\",\n \"Identify hazards and controls before the work starts. It may not be possible to control all hazards before work starts – so identify the controls and implement them when required.\",\n \"Complete and monitor hazard identification regularly to make sure controls are working and that no new hazards have been introduced.\",\n \"consider hazards that may be created by other site users, or if the excavation activities could create hazards for others (eg traffic management)\",\n \"task analysis: identify the hazards involved in each task. Some workplaces use job safety analysis (JSA) or task analysis (TA) to do this\",\n \"PCBUs must manage risks that could result from work. Risks to health and safety arise from people being exposed to hazards (sources of harm). Carry out a risk assessment when:\",\n \"a work activity involves different hazards, and the workers involved do not know how those hazards interact to produce new or greater risks\",\n \"workplace changes may impact on the effectiveness of controls > new or different risks are associated with a change in work systems or work location.\",\n \"PCBUs must eliminate risks so far as is reasonably practicable. If a risk cannot be eliminated, it must be minimised so far as is reasonably practicable.\",\n \"To decide what is ‘reasonably practicable’, PCBUs must weigh up all relevant matters. Those matters include, but are not limited to:\",\n \"Only consider cost after assessing the extent of the risk and the available ways of eliminating or minimising the risk.\",\n \"There are times when certain work risks must be dealt with in a specified way. For example, there are specific requirements in regulations about dealing with the risks arising from carrying out remote or isolated work or work dealing with hazardous substances such as asbestos.\",\n \"Some controls are more effective than others. Controls can be ranked from the highest level of protection and reliability to the lowest. This ranking is known as the hierarchy of controls.\",\n \"Isolation: Isolate means preventing contact or exposure to the risk. For example, using concrete barriers to separate pedestrians and mobile plant.\",\n \"Engineering controls: For example benching, battering or shoring the sides of the excavation to reduce the risk of ground collapse.\",\n \"If risk remains, it must be minimised by implementing administrative controls, so far as is reasonably practicable, for example by installing warning signs near the excavation.\",\n \"Minimise any remaining risk with suitable PPE, for example hard hats, hearing protectors and high-visibility vests. Administrative controls and PPE rely on human behaviour and supervision. Used on their own, they tend to be the least effective in minimising risks.\",\n \"excavating plant: if quantities are large, it may be effective to use diff erent types of plant for the various materials undergoing excavation\",\n \"when the control is not effective in controlling the risk (eg if there has been an incident or near miss)\",\n \"before a change at the workplace that is likely to give rise to a new or different health and safety risk that the control may not eff ectively control\",\n \"Common review methods include workplace inspections, consultation, testing and analysing records and data. When reviewing controls, review the safe system of work or task analysis and revise it if necessary.\",\n \"If problems are found, go back through the risk management steps, review the information and make further decisions about controls.\",\n \"Planning involves identifying the hazards, assessing risks and deciding suitable controls in consultation with everyone involved in the work including other PCBUs, workers, competent people, and mobile plant operators.\",\n \"Consider the site factors, hazards and the unique characteristics of the site. The nature of the excavation work will affect the selection of an excavation method and a safe system of work. The ground conditions will have a significant impact on what excavation method to select and the controls to use.\",\n \"Other risks associated with excavation work, including any connected work such as construction, must also be controlled so they do not cause harm to anyone.\",\n \"A safe system of work sets out how a piece of work or a project will be completed safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.\",\n \"Implement a safe system of work before excavation work starts to make sure the excavation happens in the right location with the right plant and equipment on site and with the right workers with relevant competencies.\",\n \"Make sure to engage with workers carrying out the excavation work and their representatives, and if you are working with other PCBUs, co-operate, co- ordinate and consult with them so far as is reasonably practicable.\",\n \"inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\",\n \"Services include gas, water, stormwater, sewerage, telecommunications and electricity supply, chemicals, fuel and refrigerant in pipes or lines. The PCBU must identify and manage hazards and risks associated with underground and overhead services in the planning and design stages. In the first instance, contact the service owner for advice prior to works commencing.\",\n \"For information on the risks of work around utility service see section 5.7 and WorkSafe’s Guide for Safety with Underground Services.\",\n \"Before any excavation takes place workers should know what is underground and what is overhead. Consider services present until it is proven they are not there.\",\n \"Knowledge about what energy sources the services actually carry is essential. Service markings and colours can vary from current national standards and the service owner should be able to provide specific information.\",\n \"Check service depths as they may vary from the plan (eg the ground cover may have been altered since the service was laid). Pothole to determine service location and depth.\",\n \"Make sure mobile plant access and egress is safe by checking the proximity of overhead services and the ground strength for access routes (eg check for underground drainage pipes, service ducts, soak wells, and storage tanks).\",\n \"Check workers are competent to complete the tasks. This will include giving a briefing and assessing that plant, equipment (including safety and protective equipment), tools, and procedures are fit-for-purpose.\",\n \"How will you work with the service owner and get permission? This may be required to approach services using hand-held mechanical tools, or mechanical methods, and to backfill the excavation.\",\n \"How will you provide underground service plans and related information to other parties, such as other PCBUs and workers operating mobile plant?\",\n \"Excavation work may seriously affect the stability of any structure near the excavation. This may lead to structural failure, or ground collapse depending on the site’s ground conditions.\",\n \"Consider the excavation’s zone of influence on the stability of any nearby structure and make sure the excavation does not remove any nearby structure’s ground support.\",\n \"The zone is normally at an angle from the base of the excavated face to the surface. The zone’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for example soil strength and density.\",\n \"Make sure other structures near the excavation site are not adversely affected by vibration or concussion during the work. If hospitals and other buildings with equipment sensitive to shock and vibration are nearby, consider the need for special precautions.\",\n \"Site security should consider all risks to workers and others. Establish the work activity’s boundary before securing the work area. Each work activity may be smaller than the whole workplace, so as each work activity moves its boundary moves with it. As the work boundary moves, so far as is reasonably practicable, minimise risk to workers and others outside the work activity.\",\n \"Other people near the work have a responsibility to take reasonable care that their actions (or lack of action) do not put themselves or others at risk. They must also comply with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, as far as they are reasonably able to.\",\n \"For example, a long trench line operation secures each work activity’s boundary using movable security arrangements as the excavation work progresses.\",\n \"Safety fences prevent people from gaining access into hazardous areas. Guard any excavations to which the public has or might gain access. Fence off the area even during times when workers are not present on site.\",\n \"Any safety fence should comply with the minimum requirements of NZTA’s Code of Practice for Temporary Traffic Management available at www.nzta.govt.nz(external link)\",\n \"HSE Regulation 25 requires any readily accessible excavation likely to collect or retain water to a dangerous depth to be, so far as is reasonably practicable:\",\n \"Manage traffic, including all road users while the work takes place with a temporary traffic management plan (TMP). All work on a road or work that affects the normal operating condition of a road must have an approved TMP.\",\n \"If excavations are to take place on or near a road or transport corridor, obtain approval from the Road Controlling Authority, which is often the local authority or NZTA.\",\n \"The TMP should show how the excavation will be protected so work can go ahead safely for workers and others. The TMP should show how traffic (including cyclists and pedestrians) will negotiate the site, for example what lanes will be closed by the work, and how.\",\n \"If the site will be unattended, provide a separate TMP also covering the protection of any excavations by backfilling, plating, or fencing. Where work is located on roads controlled by a local authority, check with the local authority as to what is required for appropriate traffic management.\",\n \"Separate the route used for hauling spoil from the one used by workers. If it is not possible to separate the traffic, forbid worker movement while spoil or plant is being moved, and vice versa.\",\n \"Unless the excavation is so shallow those outside can see and talk easily to those at the face, provide an effective signalling system and interlocks that prevent winding gear from operating while personnel are moving.\",\n \"When mechanical haulage is used in small drives or manholes, excavate refuges into the side of the drive to provide shelter from passing traffic.\",\n \"The refuges should be a least 1.2 m deep by 1 m wide by 2 m high (or the height of the drive if it is less than 2 m) and spaced not more than 18 m apart. They should all be on the same side of the drive.\",\n \"It is important to obtain the necessary resource consents before work starts. Check your local authority’s district plan to find out if resource consents are necessary.\",\n \"Contact your regional council to check whether you are working on a HAIL (6) site and to make sure you comply with the Resource Management (National Environmental Standard for Assessing and Managing Contaminants in Soil to Protect Human Health) Regulations 2011 (NES) (7) before excavating. For more information refer to section 5.10.\",\n \"The hazard identification and risk assessment can identify levels of risk that will deem the excavation a confined space under certain conditions.\",\n \"A confined space is an enclosed or partially enclosed space, not intended or designed primarily for human occupancy, where there is a risk of one or more of the following:\",\n \"engulfment in a stored free flowing solid or a rising level of liquid that may cause suff ocation or drowning.\",\n \"If the excavation’s characteristics meet the defined criteria refer to AS 2965 Confined spaces to find out the appropriate work methods, risk management, and emergency planning.\",\n \"all equipment is suitable and operational, within current inspection dates, and used by workers trained in the use of the equipment.\",\n \"The natural reaction to immediately enter and try to rescue a person often leads to the serious injury or death of the would-be rescuer/s. A suitably trained and competent standby person should be present to communicate and oversee the work being conducted. They will co-ordinate the response to any emergency. Emergency response planning should follow the requirements of AS 2865.\",\n \"First try and eliminate the risks but if that is not reasonably practicable, then minimise them, so far as is reasonably practicable. A combination of controls may need to be used. Make sure controls prevent anyone being harmed, so far as is reasonably practicable. They must translate into practical standards and expectations, roles, responsibilities, and processes that are relevant for everyone in the supply chain.\",\n \"inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\",\n \"All excavations, no matter what depth, can be risky. Ground collapse can occur quickly and without warning, giving a worker virtually no time to escape, especially if the collapse is extensive. A buried worker is likely to die of suffocation before help arrives (either the head is buried, or the chest is so restricted by the ground’s weight the worker cannot breathe).\",\n \"Tension cracks usually form at a horizontal distance of 0.5 to 0.75 times the depth of the excavation, measured from the top of the vertical face of the excavation.\",\n \"In addition to sliding, tension cracks can cause toppling. Toppling occurs when a face shears along the tension crack line and topples into the excavation.\",\n \"An unsupported excavation can create an unbalanced stress in the soil which, in turn, causes subsidence at the surface and bulging of the face. If uncorrected, this condition can cause face failure and trap workers in the excavation.\",\n \"Downward pressure created by the adjoining soil’s weight causes base heave (8). This pressure causes a bulge in the bottom of the cut. Base heave can occur even when using shoring.\",\n \"Boiling is an upward water fl ow into the bottom of the excavation. A high water table is one of the causes of boiling. Boiling produces a ‘quick’ condition in the bottom of the excavation, and can occur even when using shoring.\",\n \"An excavated face’s stability depends on the strength of the soil in the face being greater than any stresses. Some situations that increase soil stress in an excavated face and may lead to failure in bad weather, under extra load or vibration are:\",\n \"loads on the ground surface near the top of the face, such as excavated material, digging equipment or other construction plant and material\",\n \"saturated soil increasing the soil’s weight and sometimes the volume > natural hazards like floods or earthquakes (eg earthquakes can cause soil liquefaction).\",\n \"Weak, saturated, or otherwise unfavourable ground can have a significant effect on the construction and performance of an excavation. Consider having ground investigations and geotechnical assessments for excavations that are complex or may affect nearby structures or harm workers and others nearby. The ground investigation and geotechnical assessments should include:\",\n \"a process to reduce the risk of unforeseen ground conditions. This will decrease the need for changes in design and construction methods.\",\n \"If excavation work is planned without shoring, the continuing safety of the excavation will depend on the conditions arising during construction. If the conditions during construction are not as expected, or if conditions change during the course of the work (eg different soils, heavy rain/flooding) take immediate action to protect workers, other people and property.\",\n \"Excavations shallower than 1.5 m have been known to collapse. If a worker is in the excavation and bending over or crouching down at the time of the collapse, he or she may suffer serious injury. PCBUs must consider the risks associated with these excavations and determine if special precautions or work methods are necessary, for example shoring.\",\n \"There are three main types of controls to prevent ground collapse. Make sure to use one or more of the following controls to support all sides of the excavation:\",\n \"No matter how deep an excavation is, if there is a risk of collapse, put controls in place to prevent this. Involve a competent person when selecting what ground collapse controls to apply.\",\n \"A combination of controls may be most effective, depending on the work environment and characteristics of the excavated material. In built-up areas or streets the excavation may have to be fully or partly sheeted, or supported to prevent collapse due to localised vehicle movement and vibration.\",\n \"If shoring is impracticable or unreasonable, make sure a competent person certifies any other safety precautions put in place as adequate. The competent person’s advice should state the time period it applies to, and may be subject to a condition that specified natural occurrences may create a risk of collapse.\",\n \"A report from a competent person can provide information on the stability and safety of an excavation. The report should include:\",\n \"HSE Regulation 24 requires any excavated face more than 1.5 m high to be shored, so far as is reasonably practicable, unless:\",\n \"the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather, or\",\n \"by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any worker in the vicinity, there is no danger to any worker, or\",\n \"shoring is impracticable or unreasonable and other precautions have been taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.\",\n \"Benching is a method of preventing ground collapse by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or more horizontal steps with vertical surfaces between levels.\",\n \"The condition of soil surrounding excavations can change quickly when the soil dries out, the water table changes or water saturates the soil. A competent person should frequently check the soil condition and the state of shoring, benching, battering, and excavated faces for signs of earth fretting, slipping, slumping, or ground swelling. If necessary, the PCBU should repair the excavation or strengthen the shoring from above before allowing work below ground to continue.\",\n \"It is not necessary to bench or batter excavated faces which a competent person determines are in stable rock, or has assessed there is no risk of collapse. If benching or battering excavated walls, do not exceed the soil type’s angle of repose unless designed by a competent person and certified in writing.\",\n \"Benches should be wide enough to stabilise the slope to prevent spoil falling into the excavation. They should also be sloped to reduce the possibility of water scouring. When designing the face, slopes and widths of benches, consider any earthmoving machinery that may be used and any related haul routes.\",\n \"Battering is where the wall of an excavation is sloped back to a predetermined angle to ensure stability. Battering reduces the risk of ground collapse by cutting the excavated face back to a safe slope.\",\n \"Shoring provides support to excavated faces to prevent soil moving and ground collapsing. If the ground is not self-supporting, and benching or battering is not suitable, use shoring to manage the risk of a person being buried or trapped during excavation work.\",\n \"When choosing shoring as a control use certified proprietary or non- proprietary systems, within their rated load capacity limits according to manufacturer or supplier instructions.\",\n \"Involve a competent person when selecting what shoring to use. This is to make sure the shoring is fit for purpose. Otherwise, a competent person should design the shoring for the specific workplace conditions.\",\n \"If risks remain for those installing shoring, put other suitable controls in place to ensure the health and safety of workers entering the excavation.\",\n \"Shore the excavated face as the excavation work progresses. If using mobile plant, assess the risk to find out if any part of the excavation may be left unsupported.\",\n \"As part of your safe system of work, make sure workers do not enter any unprotected part of the excavation. If the shoring is being progressively installed workers should not work ahead of the shoring.\",\n \"Shoring should extend above ground level if practicable, or at least to ground level if that is not practicable, for example where covers may need to be placed over the excavation at night. If the shoring does not extend to at least ground level, bench or batter the excavation and make sure the shoring can take the surcharge load.\",\n \"HSE Regulation 24 requires that any shoring, so far as is reasonably practicable: consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use\",\n \"consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use\",\n \"has bracings, jacks, and struts securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes\",\n \"not be altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.\",\n \"Shoring that slightly compresses soil without allowing the soil to move outward can produce an arching effect in the soil. This is ‘soil arching’.\",\n \"Soil arching allows excavated walls shored with struts to stand even with no sheeting or lagging between the struts, without the soil behind flowing out.\",\n \"Soil arching does not reduce the total soil load, but distributes it to the shoring and away from the excavated face.\",\n \"The ability for shoring to use soil arching depends on the consistency of the soil. Both cohesive and non-cohesive soils will experience soil arching to some extent. Generally for soil arching to work there has to be a small amount of soil movement, but soils lacking cohesion are usually not good candidates.\",\n \"Shoring that uses soil arching is generally only suitable for excavations less than 2 m deep and where each section of the excavation is open for less than one week.\",\n \"Make sure to follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s advice on spacing requirements and recommended preload pressures for shoring; however the closer the shoring is, the better soil arching works.\",\n \"Some ravelling, or soil falling off the excavated face between the support may occur but this will not compromise the shoring. Use backing boards or lagging to eliminate or minimise ravelling.\",\n \"Remove shoring and all supports in a way that protects workers from ground collapse, structural collapse, or being struck. To keep workers safe, temporary structural members may need to be installed before any removal begins.\",\n \"When removing shoring, take apart and extract it in reverse order to its installation. Workers should not work outside the protection of the shoring. No part of a shoring system should be removed until the excavation is ready for final backfill and compaction.\",\n \"A trench-shoring box is able to withstand the forces imposed by ground, water, or surcharge loads. It will protect workers within it, as well as prevent ground collapse. This is achieved by ‘digging and pushing’ the box into the ground as the excavation proceeds, maintaining positive pressure on the excavated faces at all times.\",\n \"Manhole boxes are a subset of trench-shoring boxes. They are designed and constructed using the same methods and materials as trenchshoring boxes. Most manhole boxes are installed using the ‘dig and drop’ method. If ground conditions are poor enough that the dig and drop method is not practical, consider digging and pushing manhole box shoring, corner-slide rails or hydraulic brace and sheet systems.\",\n \"Trench shields are different to trench-shoring boxes as they are only designed to protect workers if a collapse occurs. Trench shields are designed to be installed using the dig and drop method and dragged along as work progresses.\",\n \"Using trench-shoring boxes and shields correctly makes it safe for workers entering the excavation, while protecting any nearby services or structures. Make sure enough trench-shoring boxes and shields are used to suitably protect workers, as the ends remain open, exposing workers near the ends to falling material. Workers should not work near each end. The length of pipes or services to install usually determines the number of trench-shoring boxes to use.\",\n \"Use trench-shoring boxes and shields where access is available for an excavator or backhoe to install or extract it from a trench. They are normally not suitable where access is difficult and ground conditions prevent the use of lifting equipment.\",\n \"Trench-shoring boxes and trench shields should not exceed their maximum designed load. To reduce the load and depth of the excavation, use benching and battering practices.\",\n \"Suitably maintain trench-shoring boxes and shields or they may fail unexpectedly, particularly if they are damaged. Follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions for installing, using, removing, and maintaining them. Regularly inspect them for damage and have a competent person approve any modifications.\",\n \"Follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions when storing or transporting trench-shoring boxes and shields. Heavy-duty equipment may require disassembly for transport.\",\n \"For more information on trench-shoring boxes, including specific soil and surcharge profiles refer to AS 47441: Steel shoring and trench lining equipment.\",\n \"Slide-rail shoring is diff erent from trench-shoring boxes and shields, because all parts including posts, panels, and rolling-strut assemblies move during the excavation. Slide-rail shoring features vertical rail posts and panels designed and manufactured to slide relative to each other to dig the shoring into the ground. The rolling-strut allows the struts to move up and down the sliderail post during installation.\",\n \"Slide-rail shoring may be used as an alternative to interlocked sheet-pile and H-pile shoring. Slide-rail shoring is normally effective to depths of up to 9 m.\",\n \"Evaluate slide-rail shoring alongside other deep shoring systems, especially sheet-pile and H-pile systems. All three systems work best in poor ground conditions such as loose sands, gravels, and soft cohesive clays.\",\n \"Install slide-rail shoring as the excavation work is progressing. Slide-rail shoring is designed so no void is left in the ground after it is removed. The rail posts and panels can be raised simultaneously with the backfi ll operation.\",\n \"Steel sheet piling is normally used on major excavations such as large building foundations, where large embankments need to be held back, or where the excavation is near adjoining buildings. Install sheet piling before any excavation work begins. A competent person should install the sheet piling.\",\n \"Use sheet piling when the ground is so unstable that sidewall collapse is likely while excavating, for example, in loose and running sand.\",\n \"Sheet piling is usually driven well below the excavation’s base. Sheet piling is eff ective in high groundwater conditions preventing soil escaping behind the excavated walls, and when base heave is a risk because of weak soils.\",\n \"Normally sheet piles are pre-driven using heavy equipment and vibrating head technology. Minimise noise and vibrations as well as damage to adjacent structures while installing sheet piling.\",\n \"While installing sheet piling make sure the load does not exceed the piling’s designed load capacity. For deep pits this normally requires welded steel frames to be designed and built into the installation. Alternatively, a competent person should design the installation of any proprietary hydraulic frames and struts.\",\n \"Steel trench sheeting is lighter than sheet piling and overlaps rather than interlocks. It is faster and easier to install but is not capable of being used to the same depths of sheet piling.\",\n \"It is normally positioned and pneumatically pushed into the fi nal depth as the excavation progresses. Place toms, walings, or hydraulic bracing frames and struts into position as the soil is excavated.\",\n \"A ground anchor is a structural element installed in soil or rock to transfer a tensile load into the ground. Ground anchors (sometimes referred to as ‘tie- backs’) alone do not support an excavation, they form part of a larger shoring system, typically with steel sheet piling.\",\n \"perform a series of sustained static load tests on a sample of anchors to confirm they have suffi cient load capacity and meet performance criteria\",\n \"Hydraulic support comes in configurations from small, lightweight aluminium, glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) composite or aluminium soldier sets, to large steel hydraulic bracing frames and struts.\",\n \"Except for small soldier sets, or waler and sheet systems, hydraulic shoring is normally used with steel trench sheeting or sheet piles.\",\n \"Consider ground pressures before installing hydraulic supports. In complex situations, requiring support other than small soldier sets or waler and sheet systems, a competent person should design hydraulic support in consultation with a geotechnical engineer. The competent person should design hydraulic support to resist the expected ground pressures and potential for collapse.\",\n \"Properly maintain and use hydraulic support or it may become unreliable. Frequently inspect pressure hoses and rams to detect abrasion, fatigue, or damage such as bent or notched rams.\",\n \"When the excavation has been fully supported, dismantle the hydraulic support to prevent damage. Inspect, repair if necessary, and store the hydraulic supports so they are not damaged before they are used next.\",\n \"H-pile shoring is normally used in large open excavations or pit excavations. Steel H-piles are an advanced form of piling installed by drilling or driving. Timber lagging is normally used between the H-piles every 1.8 to 3 m. Each excavation will require a site-specific design.\",\n \"Only use H-pile shoring in ground which has enough soil arching potential to permit lagging. The soil should be above the static groundwater level, or have been dewatered. Lagging does not extend below the excavation’s base so do not use H-pile shoring and lagging where there is potential for base heave or water and soil flows.\",\n \"Soldier sets are a simple form of support mostly used in rock, stiff clays and in other soil types with self-supporting properties capable of generating soil arching.\",\n \"Unlike closed sheeting sets, soldier sets only provide ground support at regular intervals and do not provide positive ground support to the whole excavated face.\",\n \"L. Tom should be long enough to force soldiers firmly against excavated faces. To prevent soldiers excessively bowing against irregular faces, use wood packing between the face and soldier\",\n \"Consider using timber shoring if continuous forms of shoring, or metal shoring cannot be used, for example, where services cross the excavation or need to be worked around.\",\n \"Timber species and quality have a large effect on strength. Struts, walings, and sheeting sizes should not be less than the minimum sizes and grade prescribed in Table 6.\",\n \"Timber shoring has some specific safety issues. Installing timber shoring to some extent requires workers to work inside an unshored excavation. Carefully plan any installation procedure as workers must be protected from becoming trapped or engulfed by a cave-in. If required, use temporary intermediate waling and strutting.\",\n \"The influence of any loads near the excavation can cause ground collapse. Any excavated material and external actions applying a load to the ground nearby can affect the excavation’s stability through the zone of influence. The zone is normally from the base of an excavated face to the surface. The zone’s angle will depend on site-specific factors.\",\n \"Mechanical plant, vehicles, spoil, or heavy loads should not be in the zone of influence plus 1 m from an excavation unless specific design can show it can support the surcharge load.\",\n \"Figure 38: A shored excavation designed to carry soil loads onlyFigure 39: A shored excavation designed to carry soil, vehicle and spoil loads\",\n \"Placing or stacking spoil near an excavated face puts workers at risk because it adds an extra load where it is placed or stacked. For example, placing spoil near the excavated face may cause it to collapse.\",\n \"Use shoring designed and installed to carry extra loads, including groundwater pressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated spoil. Store spoil away from the excavation’s zone of influence plus 1 m.\",\n \"If spoil is placed close to an excavation due to obstructions like fences, buildings, or trees, the weight of the spoil may overload the excavated faces. In this case, strengthen the ground support system at these locations and provide barriers to prevent the material falling into the excavation.\",\n \"If excavating beside an old service line, place spoil on the opposite side of it to prevent excessive loading on previously weakened ground.\",\n \"Placing spoil on the lower side of the excavation will reduce the effective depth of the excavation and the risk of spoil falling into the excavation.\",\n \"Make sure spoil placed on the high side of the excavation does not increase the risk of ground collapse, flooding, or holding back run-off water. Place spoil so it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the excavation.\",\n \"Work at height means working in a place where a person could be injured if they fell from one level to another. This can be above or below ground level. First try to eliminate the risk of falling, so far as is reasonably practicable.\",\n \"Use edge protection or fencing able to take the weight of a falling worker. Where shoring extends above 200 mm, toe boards are not required.\",\n \"fall prevention devices (eg temporary work platforms, edge protection and guard rails) work positioning systems (eg industrial rope access systems)\",\n \"using shoring itself (eg using trench box extensions or trench sheets taller than the excavation’s depth). Where shoring extends above 200 mm toe boards are not required\",\n \"Provide safe access and egress for all workers at all times. Keep the floor of the excavation clear of anything that would impede workers’ safe egress in an emergency, including:\",\n \"If an excavation is such a small dimension that it is not reasonably practicable to use ladder access or egress, provide other means to allow workers safe access and egress.\",\n \"For every vertical rise of 6 m, break up ladder runs with intermediate landings. Where ladders meet a landing, off set the ladder below from the ladder above by at least 600 mm.\",\n \"Unless there are alternative handholds, extend ladders 1 m above the landing or the top of the excavation. Fit landing platforms with guardrails, midrails and/or toe boards.\",\n \"Each fl ight of stairs should have uniform risers and provide landings of the same width as the stairs for every vertical rise of 6 m.\",\n \"If using ramps instead of stairs, the maximum slope should not exceed 1 in 6, unless traction cleats are provided at 0.5 m spacing for 1 in 5 slopes, or at 0.4 m spacing for 1 in 4 slopes.\",\n \"For some excavations, manual work such as trimming by hand will be required. Trimming can often be accomplished from outside the excavation by shovelling or pushing the material with a long-handled tool or shovel to the bottom of the excavation, where it can be picked up by mobile plant.\",\n \"When working close to others, keep workers sufficiently far apart to prevent injury. This applies particularly to work in trenches and small excavations.\",\n \"operators only using pins designed for this specifi c use (the manufacturer-specified retaining pin must be available on the machine)\",\n \"setting up a system for checking that the pin is in place before starting the work and every time a diff erent attachment is fitted\",\n \"make sure an exclusion zone is set up when using the excavator and for attachment fi tting or removal. If there are other workers on the construction site the exclusion zone applies to them, even if they are not involved in the excavator operation.\",\n \"Avoid striking or undermining services. Good planning and supervision should identify and anticipate all overhead and underground services, which will help decide what activities will be allowed near the excavation work.\",\n \"assume all services are live or in use unless the service owner formally advises in writing there are no risks with the service\",\n \"---|--- Cables, gas transmission or high pressure pipelines| 2 m or more Overhead power line| 4 m or more Pole or support stay| 5 m or more Tower| 12 m or more\",\n \"Any plant or excavation activity (including using hand-held tools) closer than the MADs summarised in Table 7 requires a documented permit or consent from the service owner. This should be held on site. Always check with the service owner, as they may have their own specific requirements for work on their service.\",\n \"Understand the service owner’s permit or consent conditions for the work activity and follow these while operating the plant and carrying out the excavation. In some cases this may include following guidance or instructions from a service representative on site.\",\n \"Always assume there are underground services at the site. Make sure the services are located and confirmed by the service owner. Some service plans are not accurate and the actual position and depth may be quite different. There may also be other unmapped services present, and services owned by diff erent parties.\",\n \"services can be at a shallower depth where they cross obstructions such as culverts, or where the ground surface level has changed\",\n \"For more information on the risks of work near underground services, refer to WorkSafe’s Guide for safety with underground services.\",\n \"carefully dig pilot holes progressively towards the services ahead of small-step excavations. Be aware that water under pressure around electric cables with worn sheaths or old joints may cause an electrical hazard\",\n \"use one or more spotters to spot obstacles or any signs of services in the excavation. Make sure spotters are a safe distance from any plant movement but still able to see and warn the operator\",\n \"Using hand-held tools to approach closer to the point of exposing services can risk fracturing a service if a strike occurs.\",\n \"use hand-held tools suitable for breaking hard surfaces, provided there is adequate substrate keeping the tool ends well separated from the services, including making sure:\",\n \"any use of picks, bars or forks is to ease lumps or rocks away. Avoid using metal picks, bars, forks, drills, or hammers near live electrical cables\",\n \"use full body cover with arc-resistant or flame-retardant materials when exposing electric cables, including anti-static properties where gas is a potential hazard.\",\n \"check with the service owner for their duct and marking colours and identify what the underground services are and their status.\",\n \"For work around live electrical services, use the MADs set out in section 9 of WorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (ECP 34). Apply MADs from the hand-held tool to the exposed service.\",\n \"ECP 34 defines a ‘competent employee’ as an employee who can demonstrate the necessary knowledge, skills and experience to carry out electrical or telecommunications work in the vicinity of overhead electric lines, or exposed live metal, safely and to the standards used by the employer.\",\n \"Consult with the service owner before backfilling. Use appropriate materials to preserve the support and condition of the services. Send information to the services owners so they can update their service plans.\",\n \"For more information on corridor access requests and corresponding work authority permits refer to the New Zealand Utilities Advisory Group’s (NZUAG) National Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors available at www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)\",\n \"Sparks from striking a gas line can ignite gas and cause a fire or explosion. If a gas line is ruptured, nearby running plant could cause the gas to ignite.\",\n \"If inside an excavator, turn off the ignition and immediately leave it and the work area and move to a safe distance.\",\n \"Excavating too close to overhead service support structures such as wooden poles can cause these to lean or collapse, putting workers and others at risk. Breaking communications cables can also release laser light that can damage eyesight.\",\n \"string independently supported flag bunting 1.5 m below the span. The operator and spotter can use this as a guide. Consult the service owner to get consent before stringing any bunting.\",\n \"all workers keep well clear of the excavator and anything else in contact with electricity, and shuffle to clear the area\",\n \"Dangerous atmospheres can occur in excavations because of a lack of oxygen or the presence of toxic gases, flammable gases, or simple asphyxiates, for example:\",\n \"---|--- Peaty ground| methane, hydrogen sulphide Filled and made ground| carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide Reclaimed land and trips| methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide Thermal areas| hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methyl mercaptan City streets| carbon monoxide, natural gas, carbon dioxide Service stations| petrol and hydrocarbons, kerosene, LPG\",\n \"never using plant with a combustion engine (eg air compressors, electrical generators) in an excavation if workers may potentially enter to work\",\n \"To help determine safe levels, compare the results of air monitoring to workplace exposure standards. For more information, including health- monitoring nformation, see WorkSafe’s Workplace Exposure Standards and Biological Exposure Indices\",\n \"Ventilation systems help to maintain adequate oxygen levels and dilute flammable gases, fumes and certain dusts, such as coal and sulphide. These can ignite if they are present in explosive limits. Mechanical ventilation also reduces dust, fumes and hazardous contaminants, and can control air temperature and humidity.\",\n \"A competent person should design the ventilation system so it provides plenty of ventilation throughout the excavation. This might include adding localised extraction ventilation to deal with the dust, heat, or fumes from the excavation. The design should allow for installing ventilation equipment or ducting as the excavation progresses to maintain adequate air supply to the working face.\",\n \"Workers should not work in excavations where water has collected or is collecting, unless the necessary controls are in place.\",\n \"Figure 44: Traditional sump pumps control surface water at the excavation’s baseFigure 45: Use well point pumping for lowering groundwater by up to 6 m\",\n \"Before starting any excavation work, assess the likelihood of encountering contaminated soils or groundwater. If contamination is suspected or discovered, the risk to human health and the environment will require reassessment.\",\n \"Health monitoring applies to workers if they are at risk of airborne asbestos exposure when carrying out ongoing asbestos-related work or asbestos removal work and are at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos when doing that work.\",\n \"The Resource Management Act 1991 contains prohibitions against the discharge of contaminants into or onto the land, the water, or the air unless the discharge is expressly allowed by a national environmental standard, a rule in a regional plan or a resource consent.\",\n \"Indicators of potential contamination include, but are not limited to, unusual odours and discoloured or stained water seeps and soils where the land is potentially or actually contaminated.\",\n \"A land use consent may be required from the local authority to excavate or disturb soils at the site. Seek further advice from a suitably qualified and experienced practitioner.\",\n \"Construction work that uses explosives is subject to the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO) and regulations. All possession, storage, handling, and use of explosives must be carried out in compliance with this legislation.\",\n \"The PCBU should consult a competent person in the controlled application of explosives for carrying out the excavation work before deciding whether explosives should be used for the excavation.\",\n \"Explosives must only be used by an approved handler who is qualified in explosives safety and has experience in this type of work.\",\n \"(8) Soil weight refers to the weight of one unit of a particular soil. Soil weight varies with type and moisture content 1 cubic metre of soil can weigh from 1.8 tonnes to 2.2 tonnes or more.\",\n \"(9) For more information and any exceptions refer to WorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (PDF 875 KB) [PDF, 875 KB]\",\n \"Make sure to use an appropriate excavator for the excavation work and properly plan and risk assess any lifting operations by the excavator before carrying out the operation.\",\n \"carry out regular planned inspections and maintenance in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations to make sure the mobile plant works safely, whether leased, hired, or owned\",\n \"Plant defects should be reported immediately to the PCBU. If a defect is likely to pose an immediate or imminent risk to health and safety, remove the plant from service until the defect is fixed.\",\n \"Check plant, equipment, and materials before arriving at the worksite. Make sure the plant and equipment are fit-for-purpose and in good working order.\",\n \"If applicable, carry out checks before leaving the depot, and report any concerns according to company procedures, for example by tagging unsafe equipment. Do a final check when at the site and look over the area before starting work.\",\n \"A wide range of powered mobile plant, including earthmoving machinery can carry out excavation work. To select suitable plant, consider:\",\n \"A competent operator should use earthmoving machinery for its originally designed purpose. Earthmoving machinery operators must demonstrate they are competent to operate the specific type of plant and any fitted attachments.\",\n \"Bulldozers typically excavate and move large amounts of material short distances. They can be equipped with hydraulically-operated rippers at the back which are capable of loosening the hardest of sedimentary rocks.\",\n \"Self-propelled rubber-tyred scrapers can excavate and haul very large quantities of material economically over long distances at relatively high speed. Because of the large potential soil output and speeds of modern scrapers, pay careful attention to:\",\n \"Large earthmoving machinery such as bulldozers should not operate close to an overhang or a deep excavation, as the weight may collapse the excavation.\",\n \"Excavation work exceeding 1.5 m deep is typically done by excavators or specialised plant such as tunnelling machines and raisebores. Most of these types of plant have an element of mobility, although tunnelling machines typically have restricted movement.\",\n \"Other plant used in excavation work includes backhoes, rubber-tyred loaders, skid steer loaders (eg bobcats), trench diggers, graders and tip trucks.\",\n \"Powered mobile plant should not operate or travel near the edge of an excavation unless the shoring can support such loads.\",\n \"Plant should approach end-on to excavations. If this is not practicable, make sure workers in the excavation get out when the plant is within the excavation’s zone of influence or move away and stand further down the excavation.\",\n \"keep people away from areas of plant operation. Most excavator related deaths involve a person working in the vicinity of the excavator rather than the driver\",\n \"make sure the spotter and operator understand the signals they will use and agree on the way to communicate with each other\",\n \"maintain over 0.5 m of clearance between any part of the machine, particularly the ballast weight, and the nearest obstruction\",\n \"Operators of powered mobile plant can often have severely restricted visibility of ground workers or nearby pedestrians, particularly those close to the plant.\",\n \"In Figure 49 the operator’s visibility of the left rear relies on mirrors. Note there will always be a blind spot for the operator in line with the boom. Workers should approach the operator from a point where everyone can clearly see each other.\",\n \"Powered mobile plant should be equipped with an appropriate combination of operator protection devices, for example an enclosed cabin and seat belts, to prevent the operator from ejecting from the cab or being struck by falling objects.\",\n \"Any earthmoving machinery weighing more than 700 kgs, not including attachments, and designed to have a seated operator, should have an appropriate operator protective structure fi tted. These are either roll-over protective structures (ROPS), falling object protective structures (FOPS) or both, depending on the application. Self-propelled mechanical mobile plant must, so far as is reasonably practicable, be fi tted with roll-over protection and seat belts.\",\n \"Quick hitches allow a bucket or other attachment to be quickly and easily connected and disconnected from an excavator or backhoe arm, saving signifi cant time during mobile plant operation.\",\n \"A pin holds the attachment in place against the quick hitch and insures against accidental release. However, a manual quick hitch may still operate without the retaining pin in place and then suddenly, without warning, swing open or fall completely. If this happens when lifting over or close to a person the result is likely to be fatal.\",\n \"Equip mobile plant operating near workers or other plant with warning devices (eg a reversing alarm or a revolving light; vehicles can also be fitted with reversing cameras).\",\n \"Establish an effective system of communication based on two-way acknowledgement between mobile plant operators and ground workers before work starts. Train relevant workers in the procedures before they start work. The system should stop ground workers from approaching mobile plant until the operator has agreed to their request to approach. Similarly, the system should stop operators from moving plant closer than a set distance from ground workers until ground workers have advised the operator that they are aware of the proposed movement.\",\n \"Mobile plant operators and workers should be familiar with the blind spots of the plant being used. Provide induction-training programs emphasising the dangers of working in close proximity to mobile plant, and provide adequate supervision.\",\n \"Exclusion zones and separating workers from mobile plant should be the first option for managing this risk. If exclusion is not possible, use spotters to control operations when workers are in the immediate area. A spotter should be in constant contact with the mobile plant operator.\",\n \"Items of mobile plant (including earthmoving equipment), not originally designed as a crane, and used for load-lifting incidental to their principal function are entirely exempt from the Health and Safety in Employment (Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 subject to the following conditions (10) as applicable:\",\n \"in the case of new and used hydraulic excavators with an operating weight of seven tonne or more, the following additional conditions apply:\",\n \"the equipment is not to be modified to make it operate as a crane other than the provision of a lifting point\",\n \"hose burst protection valves are required (except for load-lifting mobile plant used in forestry operations that do not involve the construction of forest roads).\",\n \"All excavation work must comply with HSWA and associated regulations. Table 10 lists the specific duties under the HSE Regulations that apply to excavations in construction work.\",\n \"(a) every employer, in relation to every workplace under the control of that employer in which any construction work is carried out; and\",\n \"(a) in relation to an employer of the kind described in subclause (1)(a), means an employee of that employer; and\",\n \"(b) in relation to a person of the kind described in subclause (1)(b), means a person working in the workplace.\",\n \"(1) Subject to subclause (2), every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that, where any face of any excavation is more than 1.5 m high, that face is shored.\",\n \"(b) the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather; or\",\n \"(c) by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any employee in the vicinity, there is no danger to any employee; or\",\n \"(d) the provision of shoring is impracticable or unreasonable by reason of the nature of the work and the employer has, so far as is reasonably practicable, taken steps to ensure that other precautions are taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.\",\n \"(3) Every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that any shoring used in any excavation at the workplace—\",\n \"a) consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use; and\",\n \"(b) has bracings, jacks, and struts that are securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes; and\",\n \"(d) is not altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.\",\n \"c) any such excavation is covered or fenced, when no employee is in the immediate vicinity to prevent access to it by any person; and\",\n \"(d) any such excavation created in the course of the work is covered, fenced, or filled at the completion of the work.\",\n \"Under clause 4 of Schedule 3 of HSWA a tunnelling operation is the extraction of fill to create, extend, or enlarge a tunnel or shaft. Tunnelling operations are subject to Schedule 3 of HSWA and the MOQO Regulations, except operations involving:\",\n \"tunnels or shafts that are or will be 15 m or less, where one or two workers ordinarily work underground at any one time, and:\",\n \"The Building Act 2004 and Building Regulations 1992 will generally apply if excavations are associated with constructing, altering, demolishing or removing a building. This also includes site work and building-related design work.\",\n \"For more information on building legislation and controls, refer to the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s website www.building.govt.nz(external link)\",\n \"Is the surface clear of plant, spoil heaps and materials for at least 1 m from the edge of the excavation?\",\n \"Is the work properly fenced off and ‘signed’ during the day. Is the work properly fenced off, ‘signed’, guarded and lit during the night?\",\n \"Employers and the person in control of the workplace must notify WorkSafe at least 24 hours’ before doing any hazardous work (as defined below).\",\n \"storeys high, a power or telephone line, or carried out from a ladder only, or minor or routine maintenance or repair work)\",\n \"propelled mobile crane, excavator or forklift) has to lift weights of half a tonne (500 kg) or more a height of 5 m or more\",\n \"people have to work in an excavation that is more than 1.5 m deep and which is deeper than it is wide at the top\",\n \"work in any excavation in which any face has a vertical height of more than 5 m and an average slope steeper than a ratio of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical\",\n \"A notifiable event is when someone dies or when a notifiable incident, illness or injury occurs as a result of work. WorkSafe must be informed of all notifiable events. Notifiable injuries, illnesses and incidents are specified in HSWA.\",\n \"HSWA requires PCBUs to notify WorkSafe if there is an unplanned or uncontrolled incident at a workplace that exposes a person (worker or otherwise) to a serious risk to their health and safety arising from immediate or imminent exposure to:\",\n \"Your council might have additional rules that need to be met. Check with your local council for specific rules that apply in your region.\",\n \"Check any local utility owners’ websites for additional procedures that may need to be met – look for headings like safety, working safely or public safety.\",\n \"A list of competent engineers can be found on the IPENZ website, under the Chartered Professional Engineers (CPEng) Register available at www.ipenz.nz(external link)\",\n \"You can visit our website for more information and guidance specifically about electrical or gas safety or call 0800 030 040.\",\n \"| Any object or structure that creates a barrier obstacle to control, block passage or force the flow of traffic in the desired direction.\",\n \"| Means to form an angled excavation face, usually less than the natural angle of repose, to prevent ground collapse.\",\n \"| A continuous frame with vertical or horizontal sheathing planks placed side by side to form a continuous retaining wall supported by other shoring parts to hold up an excavated face.\",\n \"| A person who has acquired through training, qualification, or experience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.\",\n \"| An excavation in open ground which can vary in shape and size often defined by adjacent services or buildings.\",\n \"| The parts of a construction project that will be used and remain in position for a long time (eg 60 years). This includes buildings and structures such as bridges, roads, retaining walls, etc.\",\n \"| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it means any person (including a legal entity) running a business or undertaking. For example, a limited liability company, partnership, trust, incorporated society, etc.\",\n \"| Usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest horizontal dimension at the surface. Generally, beyond a depth of around 10 m, an excavation becomes a shaft. Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, underground tanks and the like. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access and/or locate existing services to maintain them.\",\n \"| Risks arise from people being exposed to a hazard (a source of harm). Risk can be described as the likelihood certain consequences (death, injury, or illness) occur when a person is exposed to a hazard.\",\n \"| The steepest slope at which an excavated face is stable against slips and slides, having regard to the qualities of the material in the face, the height of the face, the load above the face and the moisture conditions for the time being existing.\",\n \"| A vertical or inclined way or opening from the surface downwards or from any underground working, the dimensions of which (apart from the perimeter) are less than its depth.\",\n \"| Vertical, close-spaced, or interlocking planks of steel, reinforced concrete or other structural material driven to form a continuous wall ahead of the excavation and supported either by tie-backs into solid ground structural members from within the excavation as the work proceeds. The use of timber, steel or other structural material to support an excavation in order to prevent collapse so that construction can proceed.\",\n \"| A system of working covering how a piece of work or a project will be completed safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.\",\n \"| Describes an arching eff ect some types of shoring create by slightly compressing soil in without allowing the soil to move outward.\",\n \"| A static load is the effect of gravity on an object or structure. For example the weight of a bridge.\",\n \"| The parts of a construction project that allow permanent works to be built. Usually they are removed after use (eg access scaffolds and shoring).\",\n \"| Structural member used to hold soldiers against an excavated face or to press walers apart in a close sheeted excavation.\",\n \"| A long narrow excavation, deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface along its length. Trenches are generally excavated to install or maintain underground services or to otherwise investigate beneath the ground surface.\",\n \"| A steel or metal structure with two vertical side plates permanently braced apart by cross frames or struts designed to resist the pressure from the walls of a trench and capable of being moved as a unit.\",\n \"| PCBUs who design, manufacture, import or supply plant, substances or structures, or who install, construct or commission plant or structures.\",\n \"| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it is a person who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU. It covers almost all working relationships, including employees, contractors, sub-contractors, and volunteers.\",\n \"| A WES is the level of a substance in the air that is believed to be safe for nearly all workers repeatedly exposed, day after day, to that substance. The values are usually calculated based on exposure over eight hours, 15 minutes or, in some cases, instantaneous exposure.\",\n \"| Means the volume of soil around the excavation where actions may influence the excavation’s stability (eg vehicles, plant, or spoil) or where the excavation may influence the stability of any nearby structure.\",\n \"While this guidance has not been updated to reflect current work health and safety legislation (the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and regulations), it may still contain relevant information and practices to keep workers and others healthy and safe.\",\n \"Please read this guidance in conjunction with all relevant industry standards that apply to you as a PCBU. This guidance will be progressively reviewed and either updated, replaced with other guidance, or revoked.\",\n \"Visit WorkSafe on facebook Visit WorkSafe on twitter Visit WorkSafe on linkedin Visit WorkSafe on instagram Visit WorkSafe on youtube\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Excavation safety | WorkSafe\\n\\nSkip Links\\n\\nSkip to Main Content\\n\\nNotify WorkSafe\\n\\nExcavation\\n\\n# Excavation safety\\n\\nThis guideline provides practical guidance to manage health and safety risks\\nassociated with excavation work.\\n\\nDownload:\\n\\nExcavation safety (PDF 5 MB)\\n\\n## Summary\\n\\n### Key points\\n\\n * Avoid underground services and make sure not to undermine nearby structures – use safe digging practice and dig away from them.\\n * Check the excavation each day before starting work and after any event that may affect its stability.\\n * Provide safe access to get in and out.\\n * Prevent collapse – shore, bench, or batter back. Do not assume ground will stand unsupported.\\n * Prevent people and materials falling in – with barriers strong enough not to collapse if someone falls against them.\\n\\n## 01 / Introduction\\n\\nExcavation failures are particularly dangerous because they may occur quickly,\\nlimiting the ability of workers (and in some cases others nearby) to escape,\\nespecially if the collapse is extensive.\\n\\nThe speed of an excavation collapse increases the risk associated with this\\ntype of work. The consequences are significant as the falling earth can bury\\nor crush any person in its path resulting in death by suffocation or internal\\ncrush injuries.\\n\\n### 1.1 Scope and application\\n\\nThis guideline is for persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs),\\nworkers, upstream PCBUs, and competent people involved in excavation work.\\n\\nAll work involving excavations must comply with the requirements of the Health\\nand Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) and all relevant regulations, including the\\nHealth and Safety in Employment Regulations 1995 (the HSE Regulations) and the\\nHealth and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations\\n2016 (the GRWM Regulations).\\n\\nThis guideline does not apply to shafts associated with mining operations, or\\ntunnelling operations, which are regulated under the Health and Safety at Work\\n(Mining Operations and Quarrying Operations) Regulations 2016 (the MOQO\\nRegulations).\\n\\nFor more information on the specific regulations relating to excavation work,\\nsee Appendix A: Legal framework.\\n\\nSome industries have guidelines that deal with specific problems faced in\\ntheir working environments, such as the electricity sector or plant and\\nmachinery hire. When deciding how to do a job safely, make sure to check any\\nindustry specific guidance.\\n\\n### 1.2 What is excavation work?\\n\\nExcavation work generally means work involving the removal of soil or rock\\nfrom a site to form an open face, hole or cavity, using tools, machinery or\\nexplosives.\\n\\nExcavation work can occur anywhere, including:\\n\\n * on construction sites\\n\\n * on business premises\\n\\n * in public areas.\\n\\nExcavation work includes:\\n\\n * open excavations\\n\\n * potholing\\n\\n * pit excavations\\n\\n * trenches and retaining walls\\n\\n * shafts and drives\\n\\n#### Open excavations\\n\\nAn excavation in open ground is an open excavation and can vary in shape and\\nsize.\\n\\nFigure 1: Open excavation\\n\\n#### Potholing\\n\\nPotholing is usually a small excavation or inspection hole to find underground\\nservices.\\n\\nFigure 2: Pot hole\\n\\n#### Pit excavations\\n\\nPit excavations are usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest\\nhorizontal dimension at the surface.\\n\\nPits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or\\nunderground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other\\ntypes of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\\n\\nPit excavations are usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest\\nhorizontal dimension at the surface.\\n\\nPits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or\\nunderground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other\\ntypes of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\\n\\nFigure 3: Pit excavations\\n\\n#### Trenches and retaining walls\\n\\nA trench is a long narrow excavation which is deeper than it is wide, and open\\nto the surface along its length.\\n\\nTrenches are generally excavated to install or maintain underground services\\nor to investigate what is beneath the surface.\\n\\nFigure 4: Trench\\n\\nWhen a retaining wall is built, an open excavation becomes a trench formed by\\nan excavated face on one side, and a retaining wall on the other. Usually\\nworkers need to access this trench to work, for example for waterproofing the\\nretaining wall.\\n\\nFigure 5: Trench constructed by putting up a retaining wall\\n\\n#### Shafts and drives\\n\\nSinking a shaft involves constructing a vertical excavation with access and\\nspoil removal from the top.\\n\\nDrives are small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or\\nelsewhere, for example, under roads. Cutting a drive is particularly hazardous\\nas it introduces the risk of trapping workers with no alternative escape\\nroute.\\n\\nShafts and drives are often constructed to provide access or ventilation to a\\ntunnel. Shallow shafts can be sunk for investigating or constructing\\nfoundations, dewatering, or providing openings to underground facilities.\\n\\nFigure 6: Shaft\\n\\n## 02 / Roles and responsibilities\\n\\nHSWA defines the roles and responsibilities of different duty holders. These\\ninclude PCBUs, officers, workers and other persons at workplaces.\\n\\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s special guide Introduction to the Health\\nand Safety at Work Act 2015.\\n\\n### 2.1 Person conducting a business or undertaking\\n\\nWhile a PCBU may be an individual or an organisation, usually the PCBU will be\\nan organisation, for example a business entity such as a company.\\n\\nAll PCBUs must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and\\nsafety of workers and other people are not put at risk by their work. This is\\nthe primary duty of care.\\n\\nThe primary duty of care includes, so far as is reasonably practicable:\\n\\n * providing and maintaining:\\n\\n * a work environment without risks to health and safety\\n\\n * safe plant and structures\\n\\n * safe systems of work\\n\\n * ensuring safe use, handling and storage of plant, structures and substances\\n\\n * providing adequate and accessible welfare facilities for workers\\n\\n * providing information, training, instruction or supervision necessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety from work\\n\\n * monitoring workers’ health and conditions at the workplace to prevent injury or illness.\\n\\nA PCBU that manages or controls a workplace must ensure, so far as is\\nreasonably practicable, the workplace, the means of entering or exiting the\\nworkplace, and anything arising from the workplace are without health and\\nsafety risks to any person. For example, before leaving the site unattended\\nfor the night, make sure it and any plant and equipment are safe and secure.\\n\\n#### PCBUs with overlapping duties\\n\\nMore than one PCBU can have a duty to the same matter. Where this happens the\\nPCBUs have overlapping duties. This might happen in a:\\n\\n * shared workplace (eg a building site), where more than one PCBU and its workers control and influence the work on site\\n * contracting chain, where contractors and sub-contractors provide services to a principal contractor and client.\\n\\nPCBUs that share no contractual relationship may still share overlapping\\nduties, such as when they work on the same site.\\n\\nPCBUs must discharge their overlapping duties to the extent they have the\\nability to influence and control the matter, and must so far as is reasonably\\npracticable, co-operate, co-ordinate and consult with others in the workplace.\\nFor example:\\n\\n * Two individual contractors agree to co-ordinate their obligations for providing first aid equipment or personal protective equipment (PPE).\\n * A utility company agrees to co-operate with the PCBU in locating the underground services before the excavation work starts.\\n\\n#### Upstream PCBUs\\n\\nThere are further duties for PCBUs (called upstream PCBUs) who:\\n\\n * design plant, substances or structures\\n * manufacture plant, substances or structures\\n * import plant, substances or structures\\n * supply plant, substances or structures\\n * install, construct or commission plant or structures.\\n\\nUpstream PCBUs infl uence and sometimes eliminate health and safety risks\\nthrough, for example, designing or manufacturing products that are safe for\\nthe end user. Upstream PCBUs must consider potential health and safety risks\\nof their products that could reasonably be expected to be used at a workplace.\\n\\nDesigners of temporary works or suppliers of plant used by the PCBU are\\nexamples of upstream PCBUs in excavation work.\\n\\n#### Worker engagement, participation and representation\\n\\nPCBUs can ensure a safe workplace more effectively when everyone involved in\\nthe work:\\n\\n * communicates with each other to identify hazards and risks\\n * talks about any health and safety concerns\\n * works together to find solutions.\\n\\nPCBUs have two main worker engagement duties under HSWA to:\\n\\n * engage with workers on health and safety matters that affect or are likely to affect them, so far as is reasonably practicable\\n\\n * have practices that give workers reasonable opportunities to participate effectively in the ongoing improvement of workplace health and safety.\\n\\nBoth duties involve two-way communication in a ‘conversation’ about health and\\nsafety. Everyone involved in health and safety must be able to contribute and\\nhave their opinion considered when decisions are made.\\n\\nHave deliberate, planned ways to engage and support participation. Each PCBU\\ncan determine the best way to meet its duties, depending on workers’ views and\\nneeds, the size of the organisation and the nature of its risks.\\n\\n### 2.2 Workers\\n\\nA worker is an individual who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU and\\nincludes employees, contractors, sub-contractors, apprentices and trainees,\\nand volunteer workers. Workers’ responsibilities include:\\n\\n * taking reasonable care of their own health and safety\\n\\n * taking reasonable care what they do (or fail to do) does not cause harm to any other person\\n\\n * operating with any reasonable health and safety policy or procedure of the PCBU\\n\\n * complying, so far as reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so the PCBU can comply with the law\\n\\n * in relation to PPE:\\n\\n * using or wearing PPE in accordance with any information, training or reasonable instruction given by the PCBU\\n\\n * not intentionally misusing or damaging the PPE\\n\\n * telling the PCBU when they become aware the PPE is damaged or defective, or when it needs to be cleaned or decontaminated.\\n\\n### 2.3 Officers\\n\\nAn officer is a person with a specific role in an organisation or a person\\nwith the ability to exercise significant influence over the management of the\\nbusiness or undertaking. Organisations can have more than one officer. An\\nofficer includes, for example, company directors, and chief executives.\\n\\nOfficers have a duty to exercise due diligence to ensure the PCBU complies\\nwith their duties under HSWA. Each officer has a duty – it is not a joint\\nduty.\\n\\n### 2.4 Other people at the workplace\\n\\nOther people at a workplace must take reasonable care of their own health and\\nsafety and that of others. However, PCBU’s have the most influence and control\\nover what has created the risk at the workplace, and have the primary duty of\\ncare to ensure other people’s health and safety is not at risk from the work.\\n\\nOther people at a workplace potentially at risk from work activities include\\nvolunteers, customers, passers-by, visitors, other PCBUs, or workers of\\nanother entity.\\n\\nThink broadly about the work and make sure, so far as is reasonably\\npracticable, other people’s health and safety is not put at risk from work\\nbeing done or from anything else at the workplace.\\n\\n### 2.5 Competent person\\n\\nIn this guideline, ‘competent person’ refers to the temporary works designer,\\nwho should be competent to assess and manage the risks relevant to the\\nexcavation’s depth and have a working knowledge of this guideline. A competent\\nperson is a person who has acquired through training, qualification or\\nexperience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.\\n\\nTable 1 and table 2 (below) set out some recommended competencies for this\\ncompetent person. The tables show what level of competence is appropriate for\\nincreasingly complex excavations.\\n\\nOn sites requiring multiple schemes or different temporary works disciplines,\\none competent person may not have experience across all the disciplines of\\ntemporary works and may require additional technical support on site.\\n\\nEach excavation has its own unique set of considerations to address during the\\ndesign process, some of which may not be immediately apparent. Therefore, make\\nan assessment of the appropriate level of competence for each individual\\nexcavation.\\n\\nExperience and competence can be gained via different routes and with lesser\\nqualifications (subject to formal assessment of individual skills) or\\nexemptions made where close supervision/mentoring is provided by others. In\\nsome workplaces, the same person could fulfil a number of roles (such as\\ndesigner and supervisor), depending on their level of competency.\\n\\nCompetency is based on recent knowledge, training, understanding, and\\nexperience with a wide variety of considerations, some of\\n\\nwhich are:\\n\\n * soil type, weight and strength\\n\\n * ground water\\n\\n * sloping ground\\n\\n * surcharges or vibrations that could destabilise the excavation, such as vehicles, buildings or stockpiled materials\\n\\n * the potential for the excavation to disturb or damage nearby structures, underground or overhead services\\n\\n * safe working methods and construction methodologies\\n\\n * availability and capacity of equipment and temporary works.\\n\\nOnly a competent person should be designing temporary works. Before producing\\nany final design documents and safety report, consider:\\n\\n * the design of the shoring\\n\\n * any effects of the excavation on nearby structures\\n\\n * safe work methods\\n\\n * controls.\\n\\nExcavation depth and type - normal conditions(1)\\n\\n|\\n\\nRecommended competency \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n##### Up to 1.5 m\\n\\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6)\\n\\n| Recent experience in carrying out or supervising excavation work \\n \\n##### 1.5 m - 3 m\\n\\n * Flat, open ground, no surcharge\\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6)\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Recent experience in carrying out or supervising excavation work at these depths\\n\\n * Technical or trade qualification (eg as a civil engineer or drain layer)\\n\\n \\n \\n##### 3 m - 6 m\\n\\n * Flat, open ground, no surcharge\\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6, waller and brace solution up to 6 m in depth)\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Technical or trade qualification (eg as a civil engineer or drain layer)\\n\\n * Recent experience in carrying out or supervising\\n\\n * excavation work in similar ground at these depths\\n\\n * Experienced temporary works designer(3) able to interpret the site's soil information\\n\\n * Monitoring recommended(4)\\n\\n \\n \\nTable 1: Recommended competencies for excavation work\\n\\nEXCAVATION DEPTH AND TYPE – COMPLEX CONDITIONS NOT COVERED IN TABLE 1(5)\\n\\n|\\n\\nRECOMMENDED COMPETENCY \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n##### Up to 3 m\\n\\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered sides\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Experienced temporary works designer (2) able to judge whether it is safe\\n\\n * Monitoring required (4)\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Over 3 m\\n\\n * Requiring detailed analysis of site, significant structural design analysis and sound engineering judgement\\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered sides\\n * All sheet piled excavations (cantilevered, propped, or ground anchored), and excavations shored with H-pile shoring and lagging\\n * Shafts and drives framed with timber or steel with poling boards, lagging or laths. Supported by pre-cast concrete, steel caissons/plates etc\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Experienced temporary works designer (2) able to judge whether it is safe\\n\\n * Monitoring required (4)\\n\\n * Can provide producer statements: PS1-design, and PS4-construction review\\n\\n \\n \\nTable 2: Recommended competencies for more complex excavation work\\n\\n(1) Generally flat open ground, with little or no surcharge loading,\\nfavourable ground conditions, off set from nearby structures and sensitive\\ninfrastructure. Groundwater can be controlled with simple methods, such as a\\nsump pump arrangement.\\n\\n(2) Shoring that comes with documents stating what depths or soil pressure it\\ncan be used to (eg slide-rail shoring). Alternatively, shoring designed to\\nspecific soil load profiles (eg trench shields).\\n\\n(3) Through training qualifications or experience, has acquired the knowledge\\nand skills to competently excavate to this depth, for example:\\n\\n * someone who has industry training and expertise, experience, knowledge and skills to excavate to this excavation’s depth and type\\n\\n * a Chartered Professional Engineer with experience designing temporary works, holding formal Engineering qualifications (eg Civil, Structural or Geotechnical).\\n\\n(4) Can verify the design and carry out monitoring, depending on the risks\\nidentified in the risk assessment\\n\\n(5) The conditions may include very weak or sensitive soils, groundwater that\\nrequire specialist dewatering or locations near structures and sensitive\\ninfrastructure. These conditions would result in an elevated risk when\\nconstructing the excavation.\\n\\n## 03 / Managing risks\\n\\nRisk management involves thinking more broadly about risk, not just spotting\\nwork-related hazards. Think about the root cause of any harmful event, the\\nlikelihood it will occur, the consequences if it does and the steps to take to\\neliminate or minimise the risk.\\n\\nPCBUs must manage all health and safety risks with excavation work. Remember\\nto consult, co-operate and co-ordinate with other PCBUs and to engage with\\nworkers.\\n\\nTo manage risks:\\n\\n * identify hazards that could reasonably foreseeably create a risk to health and safety\\n\\n * eliminate the risk so far as is reasonably practicable\\n\\n * if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risk – minimise the risk so far as is reasonably practicable\\n\\n * maintain the implemented controls so they remain effective\\n\\n * review, and if necessary revise controls to maintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, a work environment that does not have risks to health and safety.\\n\\nFigure 7: Risk management as a continual process\\n\\n### 3.1 Identify hazards\\n\\nThe first step in the risk management process is to identify hazards which\\ncould injure or harm anyone. A good hazard identification process is the key\\nto risk management.\\n\\nIdentify hazards and controls before the work starts. It may not be possible\\nto control all hazards before work starts – so identify the controls and\\nimplement them when required.\\n\\nFor example, consider the hazards to a person:\\n\\n * falling into an excavation\\n\\n * being trapped by the collapse of an excavation\\n\\n * working in an excavation being struck by a falling object\\n\\n * working in an excavation being exposed to contaminants that take oxygen from the environment.\\n\\nTo manage the risks, consider all relevant matters including the:\\n\\n * nature of the excavation\\n\\n * nature of the excavation work, including the range of possible methods of carrying out the work\\n\\n * means of entry into and exit from the excavation.\\n\\nComplete and monitor hazard identification regularly to make sure controls are\\nworking and that no new hazards have been introduced.\\n\\n#### Hazard identification methods\\n\\nIdentify hazards by:\\n\\n * physical inspections:\\n\\n * inspect the workplace and assess where someone could get injured by excavation activities\\n\\n * consider hazards that may be created by other site users, or if the excavation activities could create hazards for others (eg traffic management)\\n\\n * task analysis: identify the hazards involved in each task. Some workplaces use job safety analysis (JSA) or task analysis (TA) to do this\\n\\n * engaging with workers\\n\\n * process analysis: identify hazards at each stage of the work plan\\n\\n * consulting guidance and standards\\n\\n * hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP)\\n\\n * accident investigation analysis – identify hazards and causes of harm from investigations involving similar types of work.\\n\\n### 3.2 Assess risks\\n\\nPCBUs must manage risks that could result from work. Risks to health and\\nsafety arise from people being exposed to hazards (sources of harm). Carry out\\na risk assessment when:\\n\\n * it is uncertain a hazard may cause injury or illness\\n\\n * a work activity involves different hazards, and the workers involved do not know how those hazards interact to produce new or greater risks\\n\\n * workplace changes may impact on the effectiveness of controls > new or different risks are associated with a change in work systems or work location.\\n\\nPCBUs must eliminate risks so far as is reasonably practicable. If a risk\\ncannot be eliminated, it must be minimised so far as is reasonably\\npracticable.\\n\\nTo decide what is ‘reasonably practicable’, PCBUs must weigh up all relevant\\nmatters. Those matters include, but are not limited to:\\n\\n * how likely the hazard or risk is to happen\\n\\n * what degree of harm the hazard or the risk might cause\\n\\n * how much is known about the hazard or risk and how to eliminate it\\n\\n * what ways are available to eliminate or minimise the risk\\n\\n * what ways are suitable to eliminate or minimise the risk.\\n\\nOnly consider cost after assessing the extent of the risk and the available\\nways of eliminating or minimising the risk.\\n\\nThere are times when certain work risks must be dealt with in a specified way.\\nFor example, there are specific requirements in regulations about dealing with\\nthe risks arising from carrying out remote or isolated work or work dealing\\nwith hazardous substances such as asbestos.\\n\\nA risk assessment will help to:\\n\\n * identify which workers or others are at risk\\n\\n * determine what sources and processes are causing that risk\\n\\n * determine the severity of the risk\\n\\n * identify if and what kind of controls should be implemented\\n\\n * check the effectiveness of existing controls.\\n\\n### 3.3 Control risks\\n\\nSome controls are more effective than others. Controls can be ranked from the\\nhighest level of protection and reliability to the lowest. This ranking is\\nknown as the hierarchy of controls.\\n\\nEliminating a risk is the most effective control. PCBUs must always eliminate\\na risk if this is reasonably practicable.\\n\\nIf this is not reasonably practicable, PCBUs must minimise the risk by one or\\na combination of the following:\\n\\n * Substitution: For example, using an excavator with a rock breaker rather than a manual method.\\n\\n * Isolation: Isolate means preventing contact or exposure to the risk. For example, using concrete barriers to separate pedestrians and mobile plant.\\n\\n * Engineering controls: For example benching, battering or shoring the sides of the excavation to reduce the risk of ground collapse.\\n\\nIf risk remains, it must be minimised by implementing administrative controls,\\nso far as is reasonably practicable, for example by installing warning signs\\nnear the excavation.\\n\\nMinimise any remaining risk with suitable PPE, for example hard hats, hearing\\nprotectors and high-visibility vests. Administrative controls and PPE rely on\\nhuman behaviour and supervision. Used on their own, they tend to be the least\\neffective in minimising risks.\\n\\nFigure 8: Hierarchy of controls\\n\\nWhen choosing suitable controls, consider:\\n\\n * excavating plant: if quantities are large, it may be effective to use diff erent types of plant for the various materials undergoing excavation\\n\\n * stockpiling arrangements: another site may need to be found to temporarily stockpile materials\\n\\n * material placement: evaluate the methods and plant used for excavating, transporting and compacting the material\\n\\n * dewatering equipment\\n\\n * transporting the excavated material:\\n\\n * type of plant\\n\\n * length of haul\\n\\n * nature of the haul route\\n\\n * tipping or spreading conditions.\\n\\n### 3.4 Review controls\\n\\nRegularly review controls on site to make sure they are still effective.\\n\\nReview, and if necessary revise controls:\\n\\n * when the control is not effective in controlling the risk (eg if there has been an incident or near miss)\\n\\n * before a change at the workplace that is likely to give rise to a new or different health and safety risk that the control may not eff ectively control\\n\\n * if a new hazard or risk is identified\\n\\n * if the results of consultation indicate that a review is necessary\\n\\n * if a health and safety representative or committee recommends a review.\\n\\nCommon review methods include workplace inspections, consultation, testing and\\nanalysing records and data. When reviewing controls, review the safe system of\\nwork or task analysis and revise it if necessary.\\n\\nIf problems are found, go back through the risk management steps, review the\\ninformation and make further decisions about controls.\\n\\n## 04 / Planning the work\\n\\nPlanning involves identifying the hazards, assessing risks and deciding\\nsuitable controls in consultation with everyone involved in the work including\\nother PCBUs, workers, competent people, and mobile plant operators.\\n\\nConsider the site factors, hazards and the unique characteristics of the site.\\nThe nature of the excavation work will affect the selection of an excavation\\nmethod and a safe system of work. The ground conditions will have a\\nsignificant impact on what excavation method to select and the controls to\\nuse.\\n\\nOther risks associated with excavation work, including any connected work such\\nas construction, must also be controlled so they do not cause harm to anyone.\\n\\n### 4.1 Safe system of work\\n\\nA safe system of work sets out how a piece of work or a project will be\\ncompleted safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.\\n\\nImplement a safe system of work before excavation work starts to make sure the\\nexcavation happens in the right location with the right plant and equipment on\\nsite and with the right workers with relevant competencies.\\n\\nMake sure to engage with workers carrying out the excavation work and their\\nrepresentatives, and if you are working with other PCBUs, co-operate, co-\\nordinate and consult with them so far as is reasonably practicable.\\n\\nA safe system of work should include:\\n\\n * assigning responsibilities\\n\\n * a task analysis\\n * consulting a competent person regarding any temporary works design\\n * identifying any health and safety hazards and risks\\n * carrying out a risk assessment\\n * describing how you will control any identified risks\\n * describing how controls will be implemented, monitored and reviewed\\n * accident investigation and reporting methods\\n * emergency procedures.\\n\\nIn the event of any reactive excavation work, establish a safe system of work\\nand communicate this to workers.\\n\\nFor more information, see:\\n\\n * Appendix B: Safe system of work considerations\\n\\n * Appendix C: Trenching checklist\\n\\nTable 3 provides some information to consider before starting work. These are\\nthe minimum issues to consider.\\n\\nSite issues\\n\\n|\\n\\nPossible factors\\n\\n|\\n\\nMinimum considerations \\n \\n---|---|--- \\n \\n##### Ground conditions\\n\\n|\\n\\n * soil types\\n * stability\\n * ground water\\n * other soil and rock properties\\n * contaminated soils\\n * potential for seismic hazards (such as fault rupture, liquefaction and rock fall)\\n\\n|\\n\\n * inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\\n * weather conditions\\n * dewatering plan\\n * confirming if it is a Hazardous Activities and Industries List (HAIL) site\\n * testing soil and water\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Site conditions\\n\\n|\\n\\n * surcharges\\n * underground and above ground services\\n * ground slope\\n * adjacent buildings and structures\\n * water courses (including underground)\\n * trees\\n * local weather conditions\\n * environmental conditions\\n * proximity to existing trench lines\\n\\n|\\n\\n * checking with the local authorities whether you are working on a HAIL site\\n * district planning and resource consent requirements\\n * works access permits\\n * consents from service owners\\n * WorkSafe notifications (see Appendix D: Notifications to WorkSafe)\\n\\n \\n \\n##### The excavation\\n\\n|\\n\\n * excavation depth\\n * length of time the excavation will be open\\n * ground support\\n * if excavation may be classified as a confined space\\n * the planned height of the excavated face\\n * if there will be other construction activity nearby that may cause vibration\\n\\n|\\n\\n * static and dynamic loads near the excavation\\n\\n * consulting a competent person\\n\\n * deciding on a support solution\\n\\n * identifying all existing overhead and underground services\\n\\n * managing pedestrians and traffic with a traffic management plan (TMP)\\n\\n * securing barriers or fencing to keep members of the public and other site workers away from the excavation site\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Work methods\\n\\n|\\n\\n * specialised plant or work methods required (eg ground support)\\n\\n * the method(s) of transport, haul routes and disposal\\n\\n * what exposures might occur, such as noise, ultra-violet rays, falls or hazardous chemicals\\n\\n * workers will need to follow good practice for confined spaces safety\\n\\n * number of workers involved\\n\\n * possibility of unauthorised access to the work area\\n\\n * safe access and egress\\n\\n|\\n\\n * implementing a safe system of work or safety management system\\n\\n * identify hazards, assess and control risks\\n\\n * build in interaction with other trades\\n\\n * adequate facilities\\n\\n * emergency procedures\\n\\n * accident and incident procedures\\n\\n * contractor management\\n\\n * testing and checking for plant, equipment, and materials requirements\\n\\n * inducting and training all workers\\n\\n * exclusion zones where powered mobile plant will operate\\n\\n \\n \\nTable 3: Planning considerations\\n\\n### 4.2 Utility services\\n\\nServices include gas, water, stormwater, sewerage, telecommunications and\\nelectricity supply, chemicals, fuel and refrigerant in pipes or lines. The\\nPCBU must identify and manage hazards and risks associated with underground\\nand overhead services in the planning and design stages. In the first\\ninstance, contact the service owner for advice prior to works commencing.\\n\\nFor information on the risks of work around utility service see section 5.7\\nand WorkSafe’s Guide for Safety with Underground Services.\\n\\nGuide for safety with underground services (PDF 349 KB)\\n\\n#### Establish where the services are\\n\\nBefore any excavation takes place workers should know what is underground and\\nwhat is overhead. Consider services present until it is proven they are not\\nthere.\\n\\n * Liaise with all service owners as there are often multiple services and multiple owners.\\n\\n * Some service owners provide on-site assistance to help identify services; use this assistance where available.\\n\\n * Make sure plans and relevant locates and mark-outs are available, get plans and mark out the services.\\n\\n * Accurately trace and mark out underground services. Drawings and service plans may be different from what is underground.\\n\\n * Keep copies of current services plans on site.\\n\\n * Use detection equipment that can detect services. There may be a need to use multiple types.\\n\\n * Knowledge about what energy sources the services actually carry is essential. Service markings and colours can vary from current national standards and the service owner should be able to provide specific information.\\n\\n * Check service depths as they may vary from the plan (eg the ground cover may have been altered since the service was laid). Pothole to determine service location and depth.\\n\\n * Make sure mobile plant access and egress is safe by checking the proximity of overhead services and the ground strength for access routes (eg check for underground drainage pipes, service ducts, soak wells, and storage tanks).\\n\\n#### Have processes in place\\n\\n * Check workers are competent to complete the tasks. This will include giving a briefing and assessing that plant, equipment (including safety and protective equipment), tools, and procedures are fit-for-purpose.\\n\\n * Workers should be supervised to make sure they carry out the work safely.\\n\\n * Identify where consents and permits are required for closer work activities. This includes:\\n\\n * liaising with service owners\\n\\n * web information and resources\\n\\n * understanding permit conditions\\n\\n * making sure workers understand what they can and cannot do\\n\\n * supervising and monitoring conformance.\\n\\n * Update the service plan arrangements with the service owners.\\n\\n * Reporting, emergency, and response procedures need to be in place for all identified risks and hazards.\\n\\n * Put processes in place for reporting incidents, damage, and defects.\\n\\n * Plan for emergency situations where there is incomplete information about services.\\n\\n * Develop response plans for workers and others safety in the event of a service strike.\\n\\n#### What work methods will you use?\\n\\n * Is the work in proximity to overhead services?\\n\\n * Will you expose underground services?\\n\\n * How will you work with the service owner and get permission? This may be required to approach services using hand-held mechanical tools, or mechanical methods, and to backfill the excavation.\\n\\n * How will you provide underground service plans and related information to other parties, such as other PCBUs and workers operating mobile plant?\\n\\n * Will you be backfilling?\\n\\nFigure 9: Underground services exposed by 'potholing'\\n\\n### 4.3 Nearby buildings or structures\\n\\nExcavation work may seriously affect the stability of any structure near the\\nexcavation. This may lead to structural failure, or ground collapse depending\\non the site’s ground conditions.\\n\\nConsider the excavation’s zone of influence on the stability of any nearby\\nstructure and make sure the excavation does not remove any nearby structure’s\\nground support.\\n\\nThe zone is normally at an angle from the base of the excavated face to the\\nsurface. The zone’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for example\\nsoil strength and density.\\n\\nLocal regulations or resource consent conditions may also stipulate other\\ncontrols for excavating near existing structures.\\n\\nA competent person should:\\n\\n * assess any excavation near or below the footing of any structure, including retaining walls\\n\\n * determine if any supports to brace the structure are required.\\n\\nMake sure other structures near the excavation site are not adversely affected\\nby vibration or concussion during the work. If hospitals and other buildings\\nwith equipment sensitive to shock and vibration are nearby, consider the need\\nfor special precautions.\\n\\nThe zone of influence’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for\\nexample soil strength and density.\\n\\nThe figures below show examples of nearby structures and services that may\\nrestrict the excavation.\\n\\nFigure 10: Building line restrictionFigure 11: Existing services\\nrestrictionFigure 12: Retaining wall restriction\\n\\n### 4.4 Securing the work area\\n\\nSite security should consider all risks to workers and others. Establish the\\nwork activity’s boundary before securing the work area. Each work activity may\\nbe smaller than the whole workplace, so as each work activity moves its\\nboundary moves with it. As the work boundary moves, so far as is reasonably\\npracticable, minimise risk to workers and others outside the work activity.\\n\\nOther people near the work have a responsibility to take reasonable care that\\ntheir actions (or lack of action) do not put themselves or others at risk.\\nThey must also comply with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, as\\nfar as they are reasonably able to.\\n\\nFor example, a long trench line operation secures each work activity’s\\nboundary using movable security arrangements as the excavation work\\nprogresses.\\n\\nWhen organising site security and site access, consider:\\n\\n * warning or hazard signs\\n\\n * supervising authorised visitors\\n\\n * the risk of unauthorised access occurring (consider schools, parks, shops or other public places, or amenities and events nearby)\\n\\n * pedestrians and other members of public\\n\\n * other workers and mobile plant on site\\n\\n * vehicle traffic control within and near the excavation\\n\\n * delivery points, including vehicle access and egress\\n\\n * immobilising/locking vehicles\\n\\n * assessing plant movement to avoid risks to other moving plant or vehicles outside the site’s perimeter\\n\\n * control and storage of any contaminated materials from the excavation\\n\\n * safe and secure storage of materials (eg hazardous substances)\\n\\n * control of energy sources (eg temporary mains service boxes, fuel storage)\\n\\n * suitably designed and constructed physical barriers (eg safety fences, lockable gates, or covers).\\n\\nFigure 13: Externally fenced site with internal fences\\n\\nSafety fences prevent people from gaining access into hazardous areas. Guard\\nany excavations to which the public has or might gain access. Fence off the\\narea even during times when workers are not present on site.\\n\\nAny safety fence should comply with the minimum requirements of NZTA’s Code of\\nPractice for Temporary Traffic Management available at\\nwww.nzta.govt.nz(external link)\\n\\nHSE Regulation 25 requires any readily accessible excavation likely to collect\\nor retain water to a dangerous depth to be, so far as is reasonably\\npracticable:\\n\\n * covered or fenced, when no worker is immediately nearby to prevent access; and\\n\\n * covered, fenced, or filled at the completion of the work.\\n\\n### 4.5 Managing traffic\\n\\nManage traffic, including all road users while the work takes place with a\\ntemporary traffic management plan (TMP). All work on a road or work that\\naffects the normal operating condition of a road must have an approved TMP.\\n\\nIf excavations are to take place on or near a road or transport corridor,\\nobtain approval from the Road Controlling Authority, which is often the local\\nauthority or NZTA.\\n\\nThe TMP should show how the excavation will be protected so work can go ahead\\nsafely for workers and others. The TMP should show how traffic (including\\ncyclists and pedestrians) will negotiate the site, for example what lanes will\\nbe closed by the work, and how.\\n\\nIf the site will be unattended, provide a separate TMP also covering the\\nprotection of any excavations by backfilling, plating, or fencing. Where work\\nis located on roads controlled by a local authority, check with the local\\nauthority as to what is required for appropriate traffic management.\\n\\nFor more information refer to NZTA’s Code of Practice for Temporary Traffic\\nManagement(external link).\\n\\n#### Separating traffic\\n\\nSeparate the route used for hauling spoil from the one used by workers. If it\\nis not possible to separate the traffic, forbid worker movement while spoil or\\nplant is being moved, and vice versa.\\n\\nUnless the excavation is so shallow those outside can see and talk easily to\\nthose at the face, provide an effective signalling system and interlocks that\\nprevent winding gear from operating while personnel are moving.\\n\\nWhen mechanical haulage is used in small drives or manholes, excavate refuges\\ninto the side of the drive to provide shelter from passing traffic.\\n\\nThe refuges should be a least 1.2 m deep by 1 m wide by 2 m high (or the\\nheight of the drive if it is less than 2 m) and spaced not more than 18 m\\napart. They should all be on the same side of the drive.\\n\\n### 4.6 Hazardous conditions\\n\\nPlanning considerations should include:\\n\\n * finding out about the current use and ground history of the work site before assessing any risk\\n\\n * investigating and testing if a dangerous atmosphere will be present or is likely to be present\\n\\n * determining if any live services, proximate water courses, or isolation failures could cause sudden flooding of the excavation\\n\\n * changes in conditions during work (ie disturbing sediment)\\n\\n * the geology (ie peat soils, methane released from soils).\\n\\n#### Local authority planning requirements\\n\\nIt is important to obtain the necessary resource consents before work starts.\\nCheck your local authority’s district plan to find out if resource consents\\nare necessary.\\n\\nContact your regional council to check whether you are working on a HAIL (6)\\nsite and to make sure you comply with the Resource Management (National\\nEnvironmental Standard for Assessing and Managing Contaminants in Soil to\\nProtect Human Health) Regulations 2011 (NES) (7) before excavating. For more\\ninformation refer to section 5.10.\\n\\n### 4.7 Confined spaces\\n\\nThe hazard identification and risk assessment can identify levels of risk that\\nwill deem the excavation a confined space under certain conditions.\\n\\nA confined space is an enclosed or partially enclosed space, not intended or\\ndesigned primarily for human occupancy, where there is a risk of one or more\\nof the following:\\n\\n * an oxygen concentration outside the safe oxygen range\\n\\n * a concentration of airborne contaminant that may cause impairment, loss of consciousness or asphyxiation\\n\\n * a concentration of flammable airborne contaminant that may cause injury from fire or explosion\\n\\n * engulfment in a stored free flowing solid or a rising level of liquid that may cause suff ocation or drowning.\\n\\nIf the excavation’s characteristics meet the defined criteria refer to AS 2965\\nConfined spaces to find out the appropriate work methods, risk management, and\\nemergency planning.\\n\\nIf an excavation is in a confined space, undertake pre-entry planning. Make\\nsure:\\n\\n * workers are trained in confined space entry and enough workers are available\\n * entry requires a completed permit for entry\\n * pre-entry tasks are established and understood by all\\n * the atmosphere is tested before entry and continuously monitored during entry, if necessary\\n * ventilation is installed and adequate where deemed necessary\\n * an emergency plan is established, planned and workable\\n * suitable standby person/s are present, trained and aware of their specific tasks in the event of an emergency\\n * communication is established with the standby person/s\\n * all equipment is suitable and operational, within current inspection dates, and used by workers trained in the use of the equipment.\\n\\nThe natural reaction to immediately enter and try to rescue a person often\\nleads to the serious injury or death of the would-be rescuer/s. A suitably\\ntrained and competent standby person should be present to communicate and\\noversee the work being conducted. They will co-ordinate the response to any\\nemergency. Emergency response planning should follow the requirements of AS\\n2865.\\n\\nFor more information about confined spaces, see WorkSafe’s fact sheet Planning\\nentry and working safely in a confined space.\\n\\n(6) The Hazardous Industries and Activity List is available at\\nwww.mfe.govt.nz(external link)\\n\\n(7) The NES is available at www.mfe.govt.nz(external link)\\n\\n## 05 / Controlling excavation risks\\n\\nThis section outlines common risks that PCBUs should manage throughout any\\nexcavation.\\n\\nFirst try and eliminate the risks but if that is not reasonably practicable,\\nthen minimise them, so far as is reasonably practicable. A combination of\\ncontrols may need to be used. Make sure controls prevent anyone being harmed,\\nso far as is reasonably practicable. They must translate into practical\\nstandards and expectations, roles, responsibilities, and processes that are\\nrelevant for everyone in the supply chain.\\n\\nTable 4 outlines some excavation hazards and some controls to consider.\\n\\nConsider\\n\\n|\\n\\nExample controls \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n##### Excavation hazards\\n\\n * placement of excavated materials, plant or other loads\\n\\n * influence on any nearby structure\\n\\n * previous disturbance of the ground\\n\\n * external actions causing instability\\n\\n * presence of or possible inrush of water or other liquid\\n\\n * hazardous substances (eg those present in the soil)\\n\\n|\\n\\n * identify safe and secure places for excavated materials, plant and other equipment\\n * s input for stability and best method for support\\n * processes for dewatering in place\\n * assess hazardous substances and contaminated soil\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Falls and falling objects\\n\\n * falls from one level to another\\n * earth or rock falls\\n\\n|\\n\\n * edge protection in place\\n\\n * safe access and egress\\n\\n * catch platform\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Hazardous atmosphere in an excavation\\n\\n|\\n\\n * gas and fumes monitoring\\n\\n * respirators – fi tted and maintained correctly\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Manual handling tasks\\n\\n|\\n\\n * using lifting devices (eg hiabs, cranes, trolleys)\\n\\n * manual handling training\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Natural hazards and weather\\n\\n|\\n\\n * geotechnical site assessment\\n * inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Overhead services\\n\\n|\\n\\n * identification and inclusion in safe system of work\\n * minimum approach distances for mobile plant and work activity from overhead lines\\n * minimum approach distances for excavation and earthworks from towers and support structures\\n * consents or permits\\n * applying required safety measures\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Underground services\\n\\n * insufficient natural lighting\\n\\n|\\n\\n * traffic management plan\\n * site security\\n * safety fencing and signage\\n * provide suitable artificial lighting\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Site safety\\n\\n * electricity, gas, sewerage, telecommunications, water, services\\n\\n * chemicals, fuel or refrigerant in pipes or lines\\n\\n|\\n\\n * service plans from each service owner\\n * trace and mark out services – detecting and marking actual layout\\n\\n * contingencies for excavations including emergencies\\n\\n * assume services are present until proven otherwise\\n\\n * fit-for-purpose locating devices\\n\\n * consents and permits\\n\\n * exposing and identifying what and where services are\\n\\n * safe digging and excavation practice\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Vibration and hazardous noise\\n\\n|\\n\\n * exclusion zones\\n * noise and vibration reduction at source\\n * PPE\\n\\n \\n \\n_Table 4: Typical excavation hazards\\n\\nTable 5 outlines some shaft specific hazards and some controls to consider.\\n\\nConsider\\n\\n|\\n\\nExample controls \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n##### Airborne contaminants\\n\\n|\\n\\n * install mechanical ventilation to control airborne contaminants and air temperature/humidity\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Confined space work\\n\\n|\\n\\n * confined space entry safe procedures (see AS 2865)\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Falls and falling objects\\n\\n|\\n\\n * provide appropriate fall protection (eg temporary work platforms)\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Fire or explosion/emergency exits\\n\\n|\\n\\n * emergency plan in place\\n\\n * emergency equipment in place\\n\\n * workers trained for emergency procedures\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Ground instability and removing spoil\\n\\n|\\n\\n * stabilise the ground at the head of the shaft and remove spoil\\n * continuously line or support the shaft\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Hoisting and winching workers, materials, spoil and plant\\n\\n|\\n\\n * guide the working platforms and material\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Hoisting equipment\\n\\n * winches, ropes and hooks\\n\\n|\\n\\n * avoid overfilling material kibbles and clean kibbles before lifting\\n * close shaft doors before tipping\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Communication systems\\n\\n|\\n\\n * communication systems in place\\n * systems in place that will still work during emergencies\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Mobile plant\\n\\n|\\n\\n * isolate access and guard moving parts of plant and equipment\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Shaft dimensions limiting work space\\n\\n|\\n\\n * cleaning the spillage off doors, stage and any steelwork\\n\\n \\n \\n_Table 5: Shaft specific hazards\\n\\n### 5.1 Ground collapse\\n\\nGround collapse is one of the main risks of excavation work.\\n\\nAll excavations, no matter what depth, can be risky. Ground collapse can occur\\nquickly and without warning, giving a worker virtually no time to escape,\\nespecially if the collapse is extensive. A buried worker is likely to die of\\nsuffocation before help arrives (either the head is buried, or the chest is so\\nrestricted by the ground’s weight the worker cannot breathe).\\n\\nSome types of ground collapse are:\\n\\nFigure 14: Tension crack\\n\\nTension cracks usually form at a horizontal distance of 0.5 to 0.75 times the\\ndepth of the excavation, measured from the top of the vertical face of the\\nexcavation.\\n\\nFigure 15: Sliding\\n\\nSliding (or sloughing) may occur as a result of tension cracks\\n\\nFigure 16: Toppling\\n\\nIn addition to sliding, tension cracks can cause toppling. Toppling occurs\\nwhen a face shears along the tension crack line and topples into the\\nexcavation.\\n\\nFigure 17: Subsidence and bulging\\n\\nAn unsupported excavation can create an unbalanced stress in the soil which,\\nin turn, causes subsidence at the surface and bulging of the face. If\\nuncorrected, this condition can cause face failure and trap workers in the\\nexcavation.\\n\\nFigure 18: Base heave\\n\\nDownward pressure created by the adjoining soil’s weight causes base heave\\n(8). This pressure causes a bulge in the bottom of the cut. Base heave can\\noccur even when using shoring.\\n\\nFigure 19: Boiling\\n\\nBoiling is an upward water fl ow into the bottom of the excavation. A high\\nwater table is one of the causes of boiling. Boiling produces a ‘quick’\\ncondition in the bottom of the excavation, and can occur even when using\\nshoring.\\n\\n#### Stability of an excavation\\n\\nAn excavated face’s stability depends on the strength of the soil in the face\\nbeing greater than any stresses. Some situations that increase soil stress in\\nan excavated face and may lead to failure in bad weather, under extra load or\\nvibration are:\\n\\n * deep cuts and steep slopes, by removing the natural side support of the excavated material\\n\\n * loads on the ground surface near the top of the face, such as excavated material, digging equipment or other construction plant and material\\n\\n * shock and vibration, caused by pile-driving, blasting, passing loads or vibration producing plant (eg compacting and drilling plant)\\n\\n * water pressure from groundwater flow, which fills cracks in the soil, increases horizontal stresses and may undermine the excavation\\n\\n * saturated soil increasing the soil’s weight and sometimes the volume > natural hazards like floods or earthquakes (eg earthquakes can cause soil liquefaction).\\n\\nSome conditions that may reduce soil strength are:\\n\\n * excess water pressure in sandy soil which may cause boiling and saturate the soil and increase its plasticity\\n\\n * soil dryness may reduce cohesion in sandy soil and soils with high organic content, which then crumble easily\\n\\n * prolonged stress, may cause plastic deformity (squeezing or flowing)\\n\\n * prolonged inactivity at an excavation site; reassess the soil before work begins.\\n\\n#### Ground investigations\\n\\nWeak, saturated, or otherwise unfavourable ground can have a significant\\neffect on the construction and performance of an excavation. Consider having\\nground investigations and geotechnical assessments for excavations that are\\ncomplex or may affect nearby structures or harm workers and others nearby. The\\nground investigation and geotechnical assessments should include:\\n\\n * advice on the suitability of different sites or distinct areas of a site for placing structures or services\\n\\n * suitable and economic design of both temporary and permanent works\\n\\n * a method to identify and evaluate possible problems in constructing temporary and permanent works\\n\\n * a process to reduce the risk of unforeseen ground conditions. This will decrease the need for changes in design and construction methods.\\n\\n### 5.2 Prevent ground collapse\\n\\nIf excavation work is planned without shoring, the continuing safety of the\\nexcavation will depend on the conditions arising during construction. If the\\nconditions during construction are not as expected, or if conditions change\\nduring the course of the work (eg different soils, heavy rain/flooding) take\\nimmediate action to protect workers, other people and property.\\n\\nExcavations shallower than 1.5 m have been known to collapse. If a worker is\\nin the excavation and bending over or crouching down at the time of the\\ncollapse, he or she may suffer serious injury. PCBUs must consider the risks\\nassociated with these excavations and determine if special precautions or work\\nmethods are necessary, for example shoring.\\n\\n#### Managing the risk\\n\\nThere are three main types of controls to prevent ground collapse. Make sure\\nto use one or more of the following controls to support all sides of the\\nexcavation:\\n\\n * Benching and battering stepping or sloping of the face, side, or wall of an excavation.\\n\\n * Shorting prevents collapse by maintaining positive pressure on the sides of the excavation, protecting workers.\\n\\n * Shields do not ensure stability but protect workers from ground collapse, by preventing the collapsing material falling onto them.\\n\\nNo matter how deep an excavation is, if there is a risk of collapse, put\\ncontrols in place to prevent this. Involve a competent person when selecting\\nwhat ground collapse controls to apply.\\n\\nA combination of controls may be most effective, depending on the work\\nenvironment and characteristics of the excavated material. In built-up areas\\nor streets the excavation may have to be fully or partly sheeted, or supported\\nto prevent collapse due to localised vehicle movement and vibration.\\n\\nIf shoring is impracticable or unreasonable, make sure a competent person\\ncertifies any other safety precautions put in place as adequate. The competent\\nperson’s advice should state the time period it applies to, and may be subject\\nto a condition that specified natural occurrences may create a risk of\\ncollapse.\\n\\nA report from a competent person can provide information on the stability and\\nsafety of an excavation. The report should include:\\n\\n * details of the soil conditions\\n\\n * any shoring or excavation support requirements\\n\\n * dewatering requirements\\n\\n * any longer term effects on stability and safety of the excavation.\\n\\nHSE Regulation 24 requires any excavated face more than 1.5 m high to be\\nshored, so far as is reasonably practicable, unless:\\n\\n * the face is cut back to a safe slope, or\\n\\n * the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather, or\\n\\n * by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any worker in the vicinity, there is no danger to any worker, or\\n\\n * shoring is impracticable or unreasonable and other precautions have been taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.\\n\\nBenching is a method of preventing ground collapse by excavating the sides of\\nan excavation to form one or more horizontal steps with vertical surfaces\\nbetween levels.\\n\\n#### Regular inspection\\n\\nThe condition of soil surrounding excavations can change quickly when the soil\\ndries out, the water table changes or water saturates the soil. A competent\\nperson should frequently check the soil condition and the state of shoring,\\nbenching, battering, and excavated faces for signs of earth fretting,\\nslipping, slumping, or ground swelling. If necessary, the PCBU should repair\\nthe excavation or strengthen the shoring from above before allowing work below\\nground to continue.\\n\\n### 5.4 Shoring\\n\\nFigure 22: Combination of benching and battering controls\\n\\n### 5.3 Benching and battering\\n\\nBenching and battering of excavation walls can minimise the risk of soil or\\nrock slipping onto the excavation.\\n\\nA competent person should design controls considering:\\n\\n * soil type\\n\\n * soil moisture content\\n\\n * planned height of the excavated face\\n\\n * any surcharge loads acting on the excavated face.\\n\\nIt is not necessary to bench or batter excavated faces which a competent\\nperson determines are in stable rock, or has assessed there is no risk of\\ncollapse. If benching or battering excavated walls, do not exceed the soil\\ntype’s angle of repose unless designed by a competent person and certified in\\nwriting.\\n\\nBenches should be wide enough to stabilise the slope to prevent spoil falling\\ninto the excavation. They should also be sloped to reduce the possibility of\\nwater scouring. When designing the face, slopes and widths of benches,\\nconsider any earthmoving machinery that may be used and any related haul\\nroutes.\\n\\nSometimes it may be appropriate to use a combination of benching and battering\\non an excavation.\\n\\nFigure 20: Benching control\\n\\nBattering is where the wall of an excavation is sloped back to a predetermined\\nangle to ensure stability. Battering reduces the risk of ground collapse by\\ncutting the excavated face back to a safe slope.\\n\\nFigure 21: Battering controls\\n\\nShoring provides support to excavated faces to prevent soil moving and ground\\ncollapsing. If the ground is not self-supporting, and benching or battering is\\nnot suitable, use shoring to manage the risk of a person being buried or\\ntrapped during excavation work.\\n\\nWhen choosing shoring as a control use certified proprietary or non-\\nproprietary systems, within their rated load capacity limits according to\\nmanufacturer or supplier instructions.\\n\\nInvolve a competent person when selecting what shoring to use. This is to make\\nsure the shoring is fit for purpose. Otherwise, a competent person should\\ndesign the shoring for the specific workplace conditions.\\n\\nIf risks remain for those installing shoring, put other suitable controls in\\nplace to ensure the health and safety of workers entering the excavation.\\n\\nShore the excavated face as the excavation work progresses. If using mobile\\nplant, assess the risk to find out if any part of the excavation may be left\\nunsupported.\\n\\nAs part of your safe system of work, make sure workers do not enter any\\nunprotected part of the excavation. If the shoring is being progressively\\ninstalled workers should not work ahead of the shoring.\\n\\nShoring should extend above ground level if practicable, or at least to ground\\nlevel if that is not practicable, for example where covers may need to be\\nplaced over the excavation at night. If the shoring does not extend to at\\nleast ground level, bench or batter the excavation and make sure the shoring\\ncan take the surcharge load.\\n\\nHSE Regulation 24 requires that any shoring, so far as is reasonably\\npracticable: consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which\\nthey are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the\\nparticular use\\n\\n * consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use\\n\\n * has bracings, jacks, and struts securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes\\n\\n * be placed properly by an experienced person under competent supervision\\n\\n * not be altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.\\n\\n#### Flying shoring\\n\\nWhen using shoring, it may be possible to excavate below the base of the\\nshoring, that is: ‘flying shoring’.\\n\\nTo do this, excavate to a maximum depth of 600 mm below the base of the\\nshoring, if:\\n\\n * the shoring is designed to resist the forces calculated for the full depth of the excavation, and\\n\\n * there are no indications, while the excavation is open, of instability below the bottom of the shoring.\\n\\nControl the risk of ground collapse and carefully visually inspect for any\\neffects of:\\n\\n * bulging\\n\\n * base heave\\n\\n * boiling\\n\\n * surcharge loading\\n\\n * vibration and other forces.\\n\\nFigure 23: Flying trench-shoring box\\n\\n#### Shoring that uses soil arching\\n\\nShoring that slightly compresses soil without allowing the soil to move\\noutward can produce an arching effect in the soil. This is ‘soil arching’.\\n\\nSoil arching allows excavated walls shored with struts to stand even with no\\nsheeting or lagging between the struts, without the soil behind flowing out.\\n\\nSoil arching does not reduce the total soil load, but distributes it to the\\nshoring and away from the excavated face.\\n\\nThe ability for shoring to use soil arching depends on the consistency of the\\nsoil. Both cohesive and non-cohesive soils will experience soil arching to\\nsome extent. Generally for soil arching to work there has to be a small amount\\nof soil movement, but soils lacking cohesion are usually not good candidates.\\n\\nShoring that uses soil arching is generally only suitable for excavations less\\nthan 2 m deep and where each section of the excavation is open for less than\\none week.\\n\\nMake sure to follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s advice on spacing\\nrequirements and recommended preload pressures for shoring; however the closer\\nthe shoring is, the better soil arching works.\\n\\nWhen using shoring, make sure:\\n\\n * the soil is good enough for the excavation to stand when excavated\\n\\n * to install support as soon as practicable\\n\\n * to achieve at least minimum pressure when pumping out hydraulic support and to maintain it\\n\\n * to use a minimum of three sets of support with a maximum spacing of 1.5 m\\n\\n * to minimise the length of time the excavation is open.\\n\\nSome ravelling, or soil falling off the excavated face between the support may\\noccur but this will not compromise the shoring. Use backing boards or lagging\\nto eliminate or minimise ravelling.\\n\\nFigure 24: Hydraulic soldier shoring using soil arching\\n\\n#### Removing shoring\\n\\nRemove shoring and all supports in a way that protects workers from ground\\ncollapse, structural collapse, or being struck. To keep workers safe,\\ntemporary structural members may need to be installed before any removal\\nbegins.\\n\\nWhen removing shoring, take apart and extract it in reverse order to its\\ninstallation. Workers should not work outside the protection of the shoring.\\nNo part of a shoring system should be removed until the excavation is ready\\nfor final backfill and compaction.\\n\\n#### Types of shoring\\n\\n##### Trench-shoring boxes, manhole boxes and trench shields\\n\\nA trench-shoring box is able to withstand the forces imposed by ground, water,\\nor surcharge loads. It will protect workers within it, as well as prevent\\nground collapse. This is achieved by ‘digging and pushing’ the box into the\\nground as the excavation proceeds, maintaining positive pressure on the\\nexcavated faces at all times.\\n\\nFigure 25: Trench-shoring box\\n\\nManhole boxes are a subset of trench-shoring boxes. They are designed and\\nconstructed using the same methods and materials as trenchshoring boxes. Most\\nmanhole boxes are installed using the ‘dig and drop’ method. If ground\\nconditions are poor enough that the dig and drop method is not practical,\\nconsider digging and pushing manhole box shoring, corner-slide rails or\\nhydraulic brace and sheet systems.\\n\\nFigure 26: Manhole box\\n\\nTrench shields are different to trench-shoring boxes as they are only designed\\nto protect workers if a collapse occurs. Trench shields are designed to be\\ninstalled using the dig and drop method and dragged along as work progresses.\\n\\nFigure 27: Trench shield\\n\\nUsing trench-shoring boxes and shields correctly makes it safe for workers\\nentering the excavation, while protecting any nearby services or structures.\\nMake sure enough trench-shoring boxes and shields are used to suitably protect\\nworkers, as the ends remain open, exposing workers near the ends to falling\\nmaterial. Workers should not work near each end. The length of pipes or\\nservices to install usually determines the number of trench-shoring boxes to\\nuse.\\n\\nUse trench-shoring boxes and shields where access is available for an\\nexcavator or backhoe to install or extract it from a trench. They are normally\\nnot suitable where access is difficult and ground conditions prevent the use\\nof lifting equipment.\\n\\nTrench-shoring boxes and trench shields should not exceed their maximum\\ndesigned load. To reduce the load and depth of the excavation, use benching\\nand battering practices.\\n\\nSuitably maintain trench-shoring boxes and shields or they may fail\\nunexpectedly, particularly if they are damaged. Follow the manufacturer’s or\\nsupplier’s instructions for installing, using, removing, and maintaining them.\\nRegularly inspect them for damage and have a competent person approve any\\nmodifications.\\n\\nFollow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions when storing or\\ntransporting trench-shoring boxes and shields. Heavy-duty equipment may\\nrequire disassembly for transport.\\n\\nFor more information on trench-shoring boxes, including specific soil and\\nsurcharge profiles refer to AS 47441: Steel shoring and trench lining\\nequipment.\\n\\n#### Slide-rail or rolling-strut shoring\\n\\nFigure 28: Slide-rail or rolling-strut shoring\\n\\nSlide-rail shoring is diff erent from trench-shoring boxes and shields,\\nbecause all parts including posts, panels, and rolling-strut assemblies move\\nduring the excavation. Slide-rail shoring features vertical rail posts and\\npanels designed and manufactured to slide relative to each other to dig the\\nshoring into the ground. The rolling-strut allows the struts to move up and\\ndown the sliderail post during installation.\\n\\nSlide-rail shoring is available in parallel configurations for trenches or\\nrectangular confi gurations for deep pit excavations.\\n\\nSlide-rail shoring may be used as an alternative to interlocked sheet-pile and\\nH-pile shoring. Slide-rail shoring is normally effective to depths of up to 9\\nm.\\n\\nEvaluate slide-rail shoring alongside other deep shoring systems, especially\\nsheet-pile and H-pile systems. All three systems work best in poor ground\\nconditions such as loose sands, gravels, and soft cohesive clays.\\n\\nInstall slide-rail shoring as the excavation work is progressing. Slide-rail\\nshoring is designed so no void is left in the ground after it is removed. The\\nrail posts and panels can be raised simultaneously with the backfi ll\\noperation.\\n\\n#### Steel sheet piling and steel trench sheeting\\n\\nFigure 29: Steel sheet piling with internal waling supportFigure 30: Guide\\nframed steel trench sheeting\\n\\nSteel sheet piling is normally used on major excavations such as large\\nbuilding foundations, where large embankments need to be held back, or where\\nthe excavation is near adjoining buildings. Install sheet piling before any\\nexcavation work begins. A competent person should install the sheet piling.\\n\\nUse sheet piling when the ground is so unstable that sidewall collapse is\\nlikely while excavating, for example, in loose and running sand.\\n\\nSheet piles are available in various lengths, thicknesses and profi les and\\ninterlock to provide a continuous wall.\\n\\nSheet piling is usually driven well below the excavation’s base. Sheet piling\\nis eff ective in high groundwater conditions preventing soil escaping behind\\nthe excavated walls, and when base heave is a risk because of weak soils.\\n\\nNormally sheet piles are pre-driven using heavy equipment and vibrating head\\ntechnology. Minimise noise and vibrations as well as damage to adjacent\\nstructures while installing sheet piling.\\n\\nWhile installing sheet piling make sure the load does not exceed the piling’s\\ndesigned load capacity. For deep pits this normally requires welded steel\\nframes to be designed and built into the installation. Alternatively, a\\ncompetent person should design the installation of any proprietary hydraulic\\nframes and struts.\\n\\nSteel trench sheeting is lighter than sheet piling and overlaps rather than\\ninterlocks. It is faster and easier to install but is not capable of being\\nused to the same depths of sheet piling.\\n\\nIt is normally positioned and pneumatically pushed into the fi nal depth as\\nthe excavation progresses. Place toms, walings, or hydraulic bracing frames\\nand struts into position as the soil is excavated.\\n\\n#### Ground anchors\\n\\nA ground anchor is a structural element installed in soil or rock to transfer\\na tensile load into the ground. Ground anchors (sometimes referred to as ‘tie-\\nbacks’) alone do not support an excavation, they form part of a larger shoring\\nsystem, typically with steel sheet piling.\\n\\nWhen using ground anchors consider:\\n\\n * ground conditions\\n\\n * load cases\\n\\n * performance criteria\\n\\n * construction methodology\\n\\n * construction materials.\\n\\nGround anchors may be used:\\n\\n> in either granular or clay soils\\n\\n> if the excavation extends through poor ground conditions\\n\\n> if sensitive structures are nearby.\\n\\nInstall ground anchors in grout fi lled drill holes.\\n\\nA competent person should:\\n\\n * design ground anchors in accordance with commonly accepted standards, for example:\\n\\n * 015 Ground anchors and anchored systems\\n\\n * BS EN 1537 Execution of special geotechnical works – ground anchors\\n\\n * BS 8081 Code of practice for grouted anchors\\n * perform a series of sustained static load tests on a sample of anchors to confirm they have suffi cient load capacity and meet performance criteria\\n * always approve any soil removal above ground anchors.\\n\\nConsider having the competent person prepare producer statements:\\n\\n * PS1 Design\\n\\n * PS4 Construction review.\\n\\nFigure 31: Ground anchors for supporting steel sheet piling\\n\\n#### Hydraulic support\\n\\nFigure 32: Hydraulic soldier shoring\\n\\nHydraulic support comes in configurations from small, lightweight aluminium,\\nglass-reinforced plastic (GRP) composite or aluminium soldier sets, to large\\nsteel hydraulic bracing frames and struts.\\n\\nExcept for small soldier sets, or waler and sheet systems, hydraulic shoring\\nis normally used with steel trench sheeting or sheet piles.\\n\\nConsider ground pressures before installing hydraulic supports. In complex\\nsituations, requiring support other than small soldier sets or waler and sheet\\nsystems, a competent person should design hydraulic support in consultation\\nwith a geotechnical engineer. The competent person should design hydraulic\\nsupport to resist the expected ground pressures and potential for collapse.\\n\\nProperly maintain and use hydraulic support or it may become unreliable.\\nFrequently inspect pressure hoses and rams to detect abrasion, fatigue, or\\ndamage such as bent or notched rams.\\n\\nWhen the excavation has been fully supported, dismantle the hydraulic support\\nto prevent damage. Inspect, repair if necessary, and store the hydraulic\\nsupports so they are not damaged before they are used next.\\n\\nFor more information on hydraulic shoring refer to AS 50477: Hydraulic shoring\\nand trench lining lining equipment\\n\\nFigure 33: Hydraulic bracing frame with steel trench sheeting\\n\\n#### H-pile shoring\\n\\nFigure 34: H-pile shoring with timber lagging\\n\\nH-pile shoring is normally used in large open excavations or pit excavations.\\nSteel H-piles are an advanced form of piling installed by drilling or driving.\\nTimber lagging is normally used between the H-piles every 1.8 to 3 m. Each\\nexcavation will require a site-specific design.\\n\\nOnly use H-pile shoring in ground which has enough soil arching potential to\\npermit lagging. The soil should be above the static groundwater level, or have\\nbeen dewatered. Lagging does not extend below the excavation’s base so do not\\nuse H-pile shoring and lagging where there is potential for base heave or\\nwater and soil flows.\\n\\n#### Soldier sets\\n\\nSoldier sets are a simple form of support mostly used in rock, stiff clays and\\nin other soil types with self-supporting properties capable of generating soil\\narching.\\n\\nUnlike closed sheeting sets, soldier sets only provide ground support at\\nregular intervals and do not provide positive ground support to the whole\\nexcavated face.\\n\\nFigure 35: Soldier sets\\n\\nA. Spoil heap at least 1 m clear\\n\\nB. Place toms safely from outside the excavation\\n\\nC. Spoil\\n\\nD. Top tom 300 mm minimum from the top\\n\\nE. For added side support, steel struts may replace timber toms\\n\\nF. 750 mm maximum spacing of toms\\n\\nG. Securely nail cleats to soldiers before placing soldiers\\n\\nH. Soldier resting securely on the bottom\\n\\nI. Maximum spacing between soldier sets 1.5 m\\n\\nJ. Soldier, minimum size 150 x 38 mm\\n\\nK. Tom, minimum size 150 x 38 mm\\n\\nL. Tom should be long enough to force soldiers firmly against excavated faces.\\nTo prevent soldiers excessively bowing against irregular faces, use wood\\npacking between the face and soldier\\n\\nM. 600 mm maximum spacing between the bottom tom and excavation floor\\n\\n#### Timber shoring\\n\\nConsider using timber shoring if continuous forms of shoring, or metal shoring\\ncannot be used, for example, where services cross the excavation or need to be\\nworked around.\\n\\nFigure 36: Timber shoring with steel trench sheeting\\n\\nTimber is used as lagging with H-pile shoring and sometimes for long-term\\nexcavations such as pipe drilling pits.\\n\\nA competent person should design any timber shoring conforming to the timber\\nsizes and grades specified in Table 6.\\n\\nTimber species and quality have a large effect on strength. Struts, walings,\\nand sheeting sizes should not be less than the minimum sizes and grade\\nprescribed in Table 6.\\n\\nTimber shoring has some specific safety issues. Installing timber shoring to\\nsome extent requires workers to work inside an unshored excavation. Carefully\\nplan any installation procedure as workers must be protected from becoming\\ntrapped or engulfed by a cave-in. If required, use temporary intermediate\\nwaling and strutting.\\n\\nFigure 37: Timber shoring requirements for trenches\\n\\n### 5.5 Excavated material and loads near excavations\\n\\nThe influence of any loads near the excavation can cause ground collapse. Any\\nexcavated material and external actions applying a load to the ground nearby\\ncan affect the excavation’s stability through the zone of influence. The zone\\nis normally from the base of an excavated face to the surface. The zone’s\\nangle will depend on site-specific factors.\\n\\nMechanical plant, vehicles, spoil, or heavy loads should not be in the zone of\\ninfluence plus 1 m from an excavation unless specific design can show it can\\nsupport the surcharge load.\\n\\nFigure 38: A shored excavation designed to carry soil loads onlyFigure 39: A\\nshored excavation designed to carry soil, vehicle and spoil loads\\n\\nPlacing or stacking spoil near an excavated face puts workers at risk because\\nit adds an extra load where it is placed or stacked. For example, placing\\nspoil near the excavated face may cause it to collapse.\\n\\n#### Managing the risk\\n\\nUse shoring designed and installed to carry extra loads, including groundwater\\npressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated spoil. Store spoil away\\nfrom the excavation’s zone of influence plus 1 m.\\n\\nIf spoil is placed close to an excavation due to obstructions like fences,\\nbuildings, or trees, the weight of the spoil may overload the excavated faces.\\nIn this case, strengthen the ground support system at these locations and\\nprovide barriers to prevent the material falling into the excavation.\\n\\nIf excavating beside an old service line, place spoil on the opposite side of\\nit to prevent excessive loading on previously weakened ground.\\n\\nIf excavating in sloping ground decide which side of the excavation to place\\nthe excavated material. Consider:\\n\\n * ground conditions\\n\\n * access to the excavation\\n\\n * existing underground services\\n\\n * needing earthmoving machinery or vehicles to work or move beside the excavation\\n\\n * service installation and backfilling requirements\\n\\n * manual work in the excavation.\\n\\nPlacing spoil on the lower side of the excavation will reduce the effective\\ndepth of the excavation and the risk of spoil falling into the excavation.\\n\\nMake sure spoil placed on the high side of the excavation does not increase\\nthe risk of ground collapse, flooding, or holding back run-off water. Place\\nspoil so it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the\\nexcavation.\\n\\nFigure 40: Spoil placement on effective excavation depth\\n\\n### 5.6 Prevent falls\\n\\nWork at height means working in a place where a person could be injured if\\nthey fell from one level to another. This can be above or below ground level.\\nFirst try to eliminate the risk of falling, so far as is reasonably\\npracticable.\\n\\n#### Managing the risk\\n\\nUse edge protection or fencing able to take the weight of a falling worker.\\nWhere shoring extends above 200 mm, toe boards are not required.\\n\\nControls to minimise the risk of falling include:\\n\\n * fall prevention devices (eg temporary work platforms, edge protection and guard rails) work positioning systems (eg industrial rope access systems)\\n\\n * fall arrest systems such as catch platforms\\n\\n * using shoring itself (eg using trench box extensions or trench sheets taller than the excavation’s depth). Where shoring extends above 200 mm toe boards are not required\\n\\n * installing and securing covers over excavations during non-work times\\n\\n * installing guard rails and edge protection into the ground immediately around the excavation\\n\\n * installing landing platforms or scaff old towers inside deep excavations\\n\\n * securing ladders to shoring\\n\\n * providing clearly defined pedestrian detours\\n\\n * providing alternative access and egress points for emergency use\\n\\n * backfilling the excavation as work progresses.\\n\\nWhen installing effective barriers or barricades, or guard rails see\\nWorkSafe’s guidelines Working at Height New Zealand.\\n\\n### 5.7 Safe access and egress\\n\\nProvide safe access and egress for all workers at all times. Keep the floor of\\nthe excavation clear of anything that would impede workers’ safe egress in an\\nemergency, including:\\n\\n * debris\\n\\n * loose spoil\\n\\n * timber\\n\\n * tools.\\n\\n#### Managing the risk\\n\\nIn excavations:\\n\\n * Up to 1.5 m deep, provide ladder, stairway, or ramp access and egress.\\n\\n * 1.5 m or more deep, provide ladder or stairway access and egress\\n\\n#### Using ladders\\n\\nUse ladders constructed of suitable materials, conforming to appropriate\\nstandards, and maintain them in good condition.\\n\\nIf an excavation is such a small dimension that it is not reasonably\\npracticable to use ladder access or egress, provide other means to allow\\nworkers safe access and egress.\\n\\nFor every vertical rise of 6 m, break up ladder runs with intermediate\\nlandings. Where ladders meet a landing, off set the ladder below from the\\nladder above by at least 600 mm.\\n\\nUnless there are alternative handholds, extend ladders 1 m above the landing\\nor the top of the excavation. Fit landing platforms with guardrails, midrails\\nand/or toe boards.\\n\\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s fact sheet\\n\\nSafe working with ladders and stepladders (PDF 218 KB)\\n\\n#### Using stairs and ramps\\n\\nUse temporary stairways in deep excavations as they provide safer access and\\negress than ladders.\\n\\nEach fl ight of stairs should have uniform risers and provide landings of the\\nsame width as the stairs for every vertical rise of 6 m.\\n\\nIf using ramps instead of stairs, the maximum slope should not exceed 1 in 6,\\nunless traction cleats are provided at 0.5 m spacing for 1 in 5 slopes, or at\\n0.4 m spacing for 1 in 4 slopes.\\n\\nRamps should not be steeper than 1 in 4.\\n\\nFigure 41: Scaffolding staircase for a safe and quick evacuation\\n\\n### 5.8 Manual work\\n\\nDuring excavation work, there will be circumstances that require some form of\\nmanual work including:\\n\\n * hand excavation\\n\\n * lifting\\n\\n * working in close proximity to plant and other workers.\\n\\nTasks which may lead to manual handling injuries include:\\n\\n * potholing with sharp hand tools\\n\\n * spotting/exposing underground services in close proximity to excavator buckets\\n\\n * frequently accessing trenches around existing services\\n\\n * installing and removing shoring and fall protection\\n\\n * placing heavy pipes into the excavation\\n\\n * using compacting equipment\\n\\n * using breakers\\n\\n * using drills.\\n\\nManual excavation methods are generally used for small, shallow excavations\\n(eg less than 1.5 m deep) in soft soils.\\n\\nFor some excavations, manual work such as trimming by hand will be required.\\nTrimming can often be accomplished from outside the excavation by shovelling\\nor pushing the material with a long-handled tool or shovel to the bottom of\\nthe excavation, where it can be picked up by mobile plant.\\n\\nPreparatory drilling activity and hand drills may increase the risk of\\nmusculoskeletal disorders, including vibration disorders.\\n\\n#### Managing the risk\\n\\nControls include:\\n\\n * creating exclusion zones around mobile plant and ground buckets – disengaging controls when spotters have to get close\\n\\n * keeping sites tidy and free from trip hazards and loose materials which may lead to slips\\n\\n * maintaining safe working spaces around workers\\n\\n * providing safe access and egress\\n\\n * rotating tasks and making sure workers take breaks\\n\\n * using correct lifting techniques to ensure solid footing\\n\\n * using plant to place and position shoring, props and plates, and remove compactors\\n\\n * wearing correct PPE.\\n\\nWhen working close to others, keep workers sufficiently far apart to prevent\\ninjury. This applies particularly to work in trenches and small excavations.\\n\\nFor more information on controlling the risks of manual handling, refer to\\nWorkSafe’s Code of practice for manual handling.\\n\\nControls include:\\n\\n * using a suitable semi or fully automatic system instead of a manually operated quick hitch system\\n\\n * training excavator operators on the use of quick hitches\\n * ensuring that excavator operators are competent to use the specific hitch for the machine they use\\n * operators only using pins designed for this specifi c use (the manufacturer-specified retaining pin must be available on the machine)\\n * attachment information clearly displayed or present with the machine identifying:\\n * model and serial number\\n * manufacturer’s name\\n * weight and maximum rated capacity\\n * each lifting point’s capacity\\n * setting up a system for checking that the pin is in place before starting the work and every time a diff erent attachment is fitted\\n * conducting random checks to make sure precautions are implemented and followed.\\n\\nBefore operating the mobile plant the operator should:\\n\\n * check the attachment size is suitable and compatible with the quick hitch\\n\\n * check the quick hitch is kept in good working order\\n\\n * physically check the safety pin is securely in place or the automatic system has engaged correctly:\\n\\n * before starting work, and\\n\\n * when fi tting a diff erent attachment\\n\\n * make sure an exclusion zone is set up when using the excavator and for attachment fi tting or removal. If there are other workers on the construction site the exclusion zone applies to them, even if they are not involved in the excavator operation.\\n\\nFor more information on quick hitches see WorkSafe’s fact sheet using quick\\nhitches safely\\n\\n### 5.9 Overhead and underground services\\n\\nWorkers and others nearby can be killed or seriously injured by striking\\nservices that are overhead or underground.\\n\\nAvoid striking or undermining services. Good planning and supervision should\\nidentify and anticipate all overhead and underground services, which will help\\ndecide what activities will be allowed near the excavation work.\\n\\nMobile plant operators should:\\n\\n * know what overhead and underground services are in the vicinity\\n\\n * identify and mark out underground services\\n\\n * assume all services are live or in use unless the service owner formally advises in writing there are no risks with the service\\n\\n * know how far the mobile plant (eg excavator) can reach\\n\\n * know minimum approach distances (MADs).\\n\\nService\\n\\n|\\n\\nDistance away \\n \\n---|--- \\nCables, gas transmission or high pressure pipelines| 2 m or more \\nOverhead power line| 4 m or more \\nPole or support stay| 5 m or more \\nTower| 12 m or more \\n \\nTable 7: MADs to excavate with mobile plant (9)\\n\\nAny plant or excavation activity (including using hand-held tools) closer than\\nthe MADs summarised in Table 7 requires a documented permit or consent from\\nthe service owner. This should be held on site. Always check with the service\\nowner, as they may have their own specific requirements for work on their\\nservice.\\n\\nUnderstand the service owner’s permit or consent conditions for the work\\nactivity and follow these while operating the plant and carrying out the\\nexcavation. In some cases this may include following guidance or instructions\\nfrom a service representative on site.\\n\\nAlways assume there are underground services at the site. Make sure the\\nservices are located and confirmed by the service owner. Some service plans\\nare not accurate and the actual position and depth may be quite different.\\nThere may also be other unmapped services present, and services owned by diff\\nerent parties.\\n\\nConsider:\\n\\n * services may be encased in concrete bases, structures, sleeve pipes or coloured ducts\\n\\n * some cables may not be in any duct or pipe\\n\\n * services can be at a shallower depth where they cross obstructions such as culverts, or where the ground surface level has changed\\n\\n * what actions to take in an emergency.\\n\\nFor more information on the risks of work near underground services, refer to\\nWorkSafe’s Guide for safety with underground services.\\n\\n#### Mechanical excavation\\n\\nThe risk of striking and fracturing a service while excavating increases with\\nthe use of mechanical excavation methods.\\n\\n##### Managing the risk\\n\\nUse plans, mark-outs, locators and safe digging practices when working near\\nburied services.\\n\\nTo minimise risk:\\n\\n * with the service owner’s permission, use water or air vacuum methods to expose congested services\\n\\n * carefully dig pilot holes progressively towards the services ahead of small-step excavations. Be aware that water under pressure around electric cables with worn sheaths or old joints may cause an electrical hazard\\n\\n * use one or more spotters to spot obstacles or any signs of services in the excavation. Make sure spotters are a safe distance from any plant movement but still able to see and warn the operator\\n\\n * excavate as if expecting the unexpected\\n\\n * excavate alongside the services with suitable side clearance.\\n\\nFigure 42: Vacuum truck digging a pilot hole\\n\\n#### Hand-held tools\\n\\nUsing hand-held tools to approach closer to the point of exposing services can\\nrisk fracturing a service if a strike occurs.\\n\\n##### Managing the risk\\n\\nTo minimise risk:\\n\\n * use detectors to locate services laterally as excavation depth progresses, before working towards and exposing the services\\n\\n * dig in line with the service, not at right angles\\n\\n * use hand-held tools suitable for breaking hard surfaces, provided there is adequate substrate keeping the tool ends well separated from the services, including making sure:\\n\\n * not to thrust or spike any hand-held tools into the ground in the close vicinity of services\\n\\n * metallic handles and curved edges to ease covering ground away\\n\\n * any use of picks, bars or forks is to ease lumps or rocks away. Avoid using metal picks, bars, forks, drills, or hammers near live electrical cables\\n\\n * use full body cover with arc-resistant or flame-retardant materials when exposing electric cables, including anti-static properties where gas is a potential hazard.\\n\\nOnce services are exposed:\\n\\n * identify what the exposed services are:\\n * Guide for Safety with Underground Services. Old or improperly marked services may vary a lot from the recommended markings\\n * always treat any uncovered service as electrical or gas until identified\\n * check with the service owner for their duct and marking colours and identify what the underground services are and their status.\\n\\n##### Live electrical work minimum approach distances\\n\\nFor work around live electrical services, use the MADs set out in section 9 of\\nWorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe\\nDistances (ECP 34). Apply MADs from the hand-held tool to the exposed service.\\n\\nMADs are available for non-competent persons. Reduced MADs are available\\nwhere:\\n\\n * the owner of the live parts gives written permission\\n\\n * competent employees are working near exposed live parts.\\n\\nECP 34 defines a ‘competent employee’ as an employee who can demonstrate the\\nnecessary knowledge, skills and experience to carry out electrical or\\ntelecommunications work in the vicinity of overhead electric lines, or exposed\\nlive metal, safely and to the standards used by the employer.\\n\\n#### Backfilling\\n\\nConsult with the service owner before backfilling. Use appropriate materials\\nto preserve the support and condition of the services. Send information to the\\nservices owners so they can update their service plans.\\n\\nFor more information on corridor access requests and corresponding work\\nauthority permits refer to the New Zealand Utilities Advisory Group’s (NZUAG)\\nNational Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors\\navailable at www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)\\n\\n#### Gas service strike\\n\\nSparks from striking a gas line can ignite gas and cause a fire or explosion.\\nIf a gas line is ruptured, nearby running plant could cause the gas to ignite.\\n\\n##### Managing the risk\\n\\nTo minimise risk:\\n\\n * Use plastic (resin) intrinsically rated handheld tools or brass tools around gas services.\\n\\n * If inside an excavator, turn off the ignition and immediately leave it and the work area and move to a safe distance.\\n\\n * Turn off any other sources of ignition.\\n\\n#### Overhead power lines\\n\\nExcavating too close to overhead service support structures such as wooden\\npoles can cause these to lean or collapse, putting workers and others at risk.\\nBreaking communications cables can also release laser light that can damage\\neyesight.\\n\\n##### Managing the risk\\n\\nTo minimise risk:\\n\\n * carry out operator briefings to:\\n\\n * clarify any MADs\\n\\n * understand the mobile plant’s capability (ie knowing how far the mobile plant can reach)\\n\\n * put signs or warning labels in the cab about the MADs\\n\\n * temporarily earth the mobile plant\\n\\n * use markers and spotters\\n\\n * shield services\\n\\n * electrical hazards to mobile plant near overhead power lines and electric cables\\n\\n * string independently supported flag bunting 1.5 m below the span. The operator and spotter can use this as a guide. Consult the service owner to get consent before stringing any bunting.\\n\\nIf the service owner consents to excavating closer than the 4 m MAD:\\n\\n * Protect operators (including operators of remote controlled plant) from electrical hazards.\\n\\n * Keep people away from the mobile plant in case of electrical contact.\\n\\n * Have emergency response procedures in place, if electrical contact does accidently happen.\\n\\nFigure 43: How an excavator can come in contact with live power lines\\n\\nIf there is contact with live power lines, make sure:\\n\\n * the operator remains inside the excavator unless threatened by fire\\n\\n * all workers keep well clear of the excavator and anything else in contact with electricity, and shuffle to clear the area\\n\\n * to call the emergency service\\n\\n * to initiate an emergency response, including with the service owner to shut down and isolate the affected service\\n\\n * to restart work only when emergency service authorities and service owners authorise this.\\n\\nFor more safety information about work near power lines and underground\\nelectic cables see the Electricty Engineers’ Association (EEA) Guide for Non-\\nElectricity Industry Employees Using Mobile Plant Near Power Lines and\\nElectricity Cables.\\n\\n### 5.10 Atmospheric contaminants\\n\\nExcavations can have poor natural ventilation. Control the risk of any\\natmospheric contamination or build-up of gases and fumes.\\n\\nDangerous atmospheres can occur in excavations because of a lack of oxygen or\\nthe presence of toxic gases, flammable gases, or simple asphyxiates, for\\nexample:\\n\\n * gases (eg hydrogen sulphide)\\n\\n * engine fumes (eg carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide)\\n * leakage from:\\n * gas bottles\\n * fuel tanks\\n * sewers\\n * drains\\n * gas pipes\\n * LPG tanks.\\n\\n#### Ground type\\n\\n|\\n\\n#### Atmospheric contaminants \\n \\n---|--- \\nPeaty ground| methane, hydrogen sulphide \\nFilled and made ground| carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide \\nReclaimed land and trips| methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide \\nThermal areas| hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur\\ndioxide, methyl mercaptan \\nCity streets| carbon monoxide, natural gas, carbon dioxide \\nService stations| petrol and hydrocarbons, kerosene, LPG \\n \\nTable 8: Other potential sources of harmful gases from types of ground\\n\\n##### Managing the risk\\n\\nMaintain an atmosphere that is fit to breathe, limiting any contaminants to\\nsafe levels, by:\\n\\n * never using plant with a combustion engine (eg air compressors, electrical generators) in an excavation if workers may potentially enter to work\\n * using gas monitoring devices\\n * using ventilation – whether natural, forced, or mechanical to control leaking or seeping toxic gas.\\n\\nTo help determine safe levels, compare the results of air monitoring to\\nworkplace exposure standards. For more information, including health-\\nmonitoring nformation, see WorkSafe’s Workplace Exposure Standards and\\nBiological Exposure Indices\\n\\nVentilation systems help to maintain adequate oxygen levels and dilute\\nflammable gases, fumes and certain dusts, such as coal and sulphide. These can\\nignite if they are present in explosive limits. Mechanical ventilation also\\nreduces dust, fumes and hazardous contaminants, and can control air\\ntemperature and humidity.\\n\\nA competent person should design the ventilation system so it provides plenty\\nof ventilation throughout the excavation. This might include adding localised\\nextraction ventilation to deal with the dust, heat, or fumes from the\\nexcavation. The design should allow for installing ventilation equipment or\\nducting as the excavation progresses to maintain adequate air supply to the\\nworking face.\\n\\n### 5.11 Ground and surface water\\n\\nWorkers should not work in excavations where water has collected or is\\ncollecting, unless the necessary controls are in place.\\n\\nWater may collect because of:\\n\\n * a high groundwater table seeping into the excavation\\n\\n * nearby storm water drains\\n\\n * surface run-off after heavy rain\\n\\n * a nearby swamp, dam, lake, or river.\\n\\n#### Managing the risk\\n\\nControls may include:\\n\\n * shoring\\n\\n * dewatering techniques (ie water removal), improved by using:\\n\\n * cut off walls\\n\\n * grouting or an asphalt bund\\n\\n * horizontal wells\\n\\n * compressed air.\\n\\nWhen selecting the most appropriate dewatering technique, consider:\\n\\n * available space within and around the excavation\\n\\n * depth to the existing groundwater and the necessary increase in this depth to permit access to the excavation\\n\\n * soil permeability in and around the excavation; note: this may vary across the site\\n\\n * structures or underground surfaces near the excavation that may be damaged because of dewatering induced ground settlement\\n\\n * potential for base heave.\\n\\nFigure 44 and Figure 45 show two dewatering techniques.\\n\\nFigure 44: Traditional sump pumps control surface water at the excavation’s\\nbaseFigure 45: Use well point pumping for lowering groundwater by up to 6 m\\n\\n### 5.12 Contaminated soils and groundwater\\n\\nContaminated soils and groundwater can pose a risk to human health through:\\n\\n * direct contact\\n\\n * inhaling dust or vapours\\n\\n * petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil\\n\\n * general landfill\\n\\n * suspected asbestos containing material (ACM).\\n\\nBefore starting any excavation work, assess the likelihood of encountering\\ncontaminated soils or groundwater. If contamination is suspected or\\ndiscovered, the risk to human health and the environment will require\\nreassessment.\\n\\nHealth monitoring applies to workers if they are at risk of airborne asbestos\\nexposure when carrying out ongoing asbestos-related work or asbestos removal\\nwork and are at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos when doing that work.\\n\\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s position statement\\n\\nThe Resource Management Act 1991 contains prohibitions against the discharge\\nof contaminants into or onto the land, the water, or the air unless the\\ndischarge is expressly allowed by a national environmental standard, a rule in\\na regional plan or a resource consent.\\n\\nContaminated soils and groundwater can also harm the environment through:\\n\\n * stormwater and groundwater\\n\\n * dust\\n\\n * moving or disposing of contaminated soil.\\n\\nIndicators of potential contamination include, but are not limited to, unusual\\nodours and discoloured or stained water seeps and soils where the land is\\npotentially or actually contaminated.\\n\\nA land use consent may be required from the local authority to excavate or\\ndisturb soils at the site. Seek further advice from a suitably qualified and\\nexperienced practitioner.\\n\\n### 5.13 Using explosives\\n\\nConstruction work that uses explosives is subject to the Hazardous Substances\\nand New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO) and regulations. All possession, storage,\\nhandling, and use of explosives must be carried out in compliance with this\\nlegislation.\\n\\nThe PCBU should consult a competent person in the controlled application of\\nexplosives for carrying out the excavation work before deciding whether\\nexplosives should be used for the excavation.\\n\\nTransport explosives in accordance with the Land Transport Act 1998 and\\nregulations and HSNO.\\n\\nExplosives must only be used by an approved handler who is qualified in\\nexplosives safety and has experience in this type of work.\\n\\n(8) Soil weight refers to the weight of one unit of a particular soil. Soil\\nweight varies with type and moisture content 1 cubic metre of soil can weigh\\nfrom 1.8 tonnes to 2.2 tonnes or more.\\n\\n(9) For more information and any exceptions refer to WorkSafe’s New Zealand\\nElectrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (PDF 875 KB) [PDF,\\n875 KB]\\n\\n## 06 / Plant and equipment\\n\\nUse suitable plant and equipment maintained in good condition to carry out\\nexcavation work safely.\\n\\nVarious plant and equipment can carry out excavation work. Excavators in a\\nrange of sizes can:\\n\\n * extract soil from within an excavation\\n\\n * lift and move materials\\n\\n * install and remove shoring.\\n\\nMake sure to use an appropriate excavator for the excavation work and properly\\nplan and risk assess any lifting operations by the excavator before carrying\\nout the operation.\\n\\nTo use plant safely:\\n\\n * make sure the plant is operated by a competent operator\\n\\n * fit suitable guards and protective devices\\n\\n * display the working load limit and make sure any load measurement devices are operating correctly\\n\\n * maintain plant in accordance with the manufacturer/supplier’s instructions or relevant standards\\n\\n * fi t excavators with an operating weight of seven tonnes or more with hose burst protection valves\\n\\n * carry out regular planned inspections and maintenance in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations to make sure the mobile plant works safely, whether leased, hired, or owned\\n\\n * conduct both mechanical and electrical testing\\n\\n * carry out the following checks:\\n\\n * start checks on the general condition and maintenance of the plant\\n\\n * specifications or relevant standards.\\n\\nPlant defects should be reported immediately to the PCBU. If a defect is\\nlikely to pose an immediate or imminent risk to health and safety, remove the\\nplant from service until the defect is fixed.\\n\\n### 6.1 Checking the plant, equipment and materials\\n\\nCheck plant, equipment, and materials before arriving at the worksite. Make\\nsure the plant and equipment are fit-for-purpose and in good working order.\\n\\nIf applicable, carry out checks before leaving the depot, and report any\\nconcerns according to company procedures, for example by tagging unsafe\\nequipment. Do a final check when at the site and look over the area before\\nstarting work.\\n\\nMake sure the materials are suitable for the job and the quantities are\\ncorrect.\\n\\nCheck that enough material has been ordered, for example geotextiles and metal\\nfor backfilling.\\n\\nCheck there is appropriate PPE for the job and it is in good condition.\\nCorrect PPE includes:\\n\\n * high-visibility clothing\\n\\n * hard hat\\n\\n * safety footwear\\n\\n * hearing and eye protection.\\n\\n### 6.2 Using plant\\n\\nA wide range of powered mobile plant, including earthmoving machinery can\\ncarry out excavation work. To select suitable plant, consider:\\n\\n * the task\\n\\n * site access and restrictions\\n\\n * type and depth of excavation\\n\\n * ground conditions\\n\\n * the mobile plant’s size and reach\\n\\n * hazards (eg overhead and underground services)\\n\\n * the volume of material to be excavated and transported\\n\\n * where the excavated material is to be located and stored.\\n\\nA competent operator should use earthmoving machinery for its originally\\ndesigned purpose. Earthmoving machinery operators must demonstrate they are\\ncompetent to operate the specific type of plant and any fitted attachments.\\n\\n#### Using earthmoving machinery\\n\\nBulldozers and scrapers are often used to prepare a work area for further\\nspecific excavation.\\n\\nBulldozers typically excavate and move large amounts of material short\\ndistances. They can be equipped with hydraulically-operated rippers at the\\nback which are capable of loosening the hardest of sedimentary rocks.\\n\\nSelf-propelled rubber-tyred scrapers can excavate and haul very large\\nquantities of material economically over long distances at relatively high\\nspeed. Because of the large potential soil output and speeds of modern\\nscrapers, pay careful attention to:\\n\\n * job layout\\n\\n * haul roads\\n\\n * vehicle pathways\\n\\n * worker movements and overall traffic management.\\n\\nTemporary haul roads should be well constructed and maintained to let plant\\noperators complete the work safely.\\n\\nLarge earthmoving machinery such as bulldozers should not operate close to an\\noverhang or a deep excavation, as the weight may collapse the excavation.\\n\\nExcavation work exceeding 1.5 m deep is typically done by excavators or\\nspecialised plant such as tunnelling machines and raisebores. Most of these\\ntypes of plant have an element of mobility, although tunnelling machines\\ntypically have restricted movement.\\n\\nOther plant used in excavation work includes backhoes, rubber-tyred loaders,\\nskid steer loaders (eg bobcats), trench diggers, graders and tip trucks.\\n\\n### 6.3 Plant and vehicle operation near excavations\\n\\nPowered mobile plant should not operate or travel near the edge of an\\nexcavation unless the shoring can support such loads.\\n\\nPlant should approach end-on to excavations. If this is not practicable, make\\nsure workers in the excavation get out when the plant is within the\\nexcavation’s zone of influence or move away and stand further down the\\nexcavation.\\n\\nWorkers should never stand under a load being lifted over the excavation.\\n\\nFigure 46: Prevent plant operation near excavationsFigure 47: Wheel stopper\\nrestricting plant movement\\n\\nPhysical barriers such as wheel stoppers are one way of restricting plant\\nmovement near an excavation.\\n\\nTable 9 outlines some excavation hazards and some controls to consider.\\n\\nConsider\\n\\n|\\n\\nExample controls \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n##### Attachment failure\\n\\n|\\n\\n * use quick hitches to secure attachments\\n * make sure the operator is familiar with and able to implement and manage any quick hitch used\\n * make sure the operator checks any pins\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Buried contaminants (eg asbestos)\\n\\n|\\n\\n * conduct a site assessment and carry out any remedial action\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Lack of visibility\\n\\n|\\n\\n * make sure operators can see areas where people may be at risk from the operation of the machine\\n\\n * equip excavators with adequate visibility aids or use a spotter/s\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Plant instability\\n\\n|\\n\\n * set up as per industry recommendations\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Plant striking workers\\n\\n|\\n\\n * keep people away from areas of plant operation. Most excavator related deaths involve a person working in the vicinity of the excavator rather than the driver\\n\\n * use barriers, signage or a spotter\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Spoil placement\\n\\n|\\n\\n * safe distance of at least 1 m from edge\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Spotter\\n\\n|\\n\\n * use a trained spotter in a safe position to direct excavator operation and any pedestrian movements\\n\\n * make sure the spotter and operator understand the signals they will use and agree on the way to communicate with each other\\n\\n \\n \\n##### Strike hazards\\n\\n|\\n\\n * select plant with minimal tail swing if slewing in a confined area\\n\\n * maintain over 0.5 m of clearance between any part of the machine, particularly the ballast weight, and the nearest obstruction\\n\\n \\n \\nTable 9: Typical excavator operation hazards\\n\\n### 6.4 Blind spots\\n\\nOperators of powered mobile plant can often have severely restricted\\nvisibility of ground workers or nearby pedestrians, particularly those close\\nto the plant.\\n\\nFigure 48 and Figure 49 show some of the blind spots for operators of typical\\nexcavation equipment.\\n\\nIn Figure 49 the operator’s visibility of the left rear relies on mirrors.\\nNote there will always be a blind spot for the operator in line with the boom.\\nWorkers should approach the operator from a point where everyone can clearly\\nsee each other.\\n\\n### 6.5 Operator protection\\n\\nPowered mobile plant should be equipped with an appropriate combination of\\noperator protection devices, for example an enclosed cabin and seat belts, to\\nprevent the operator from ejecting from the cab or being struck by falling\\nobjects.\\n\\nAny earthmoving machinery weighing more than 700 kgs, not including\\nattachments, and designed to have a seated operator, should have an\\nappropriate operator protective structure fi tted. These are either roll-over\\nprotective structures (ROPS), falling object protective structures (FOPS) or\\nboth, depending on the application. Self-propelled mechanical mobile plant\\nmust, so far as is reasonably practicable, be fi tted with roll-over\\nprotection and seat belts.\\n\\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s Approved Code of Practice for Operator\\nProtective Structures on Self-Propelled Mobile Mechanical Plant.\\n\\n### 6.6 Quick hitches\\n\\nFigure 49: Safe approach zone for an excavatorFigure 48: Mobile plant operator\\nblind spots\\n\\nQuick hitches allow a bucket or other attachment to be quickly and easily\\nconnected and disconnected from an excavator or backhoe arm, saving signifi\\ncant time during mobile plant operation.\\n\\nA pin holds the attachment in place against the quick hitch and insures\\nagainst accidental release. However, a manual quick hitch may still operate\\nwithout the retaining pin in place and then suddenly, without warning, swing\\nopen or fall completely. If this happens when lifting over or close to a\\nperson the result is likely to be fatal.\\n\\n#### Managing the risk\\n\\nBefore operating the mobile plant, make sure the operator:\\n\\n * checks the attachment is securely attached by the quick hitch\\n\\n * sets up an exclusion zone around the area where the excavator is operating.\\n\\nEquip mobile plant operating near workers or other plant with warning devices\\n(eg a reversing alarm or a revolving light; vehicles can also be fitted with\\nreversing cameras).\\n\\nEstablish an effective system of communication based on two-way\\nacknowledgement between mobile plant operators and ground workers before work\\nstarts. Train relevant workers in the procedures before they start work. The\\nsystem should stop ground workers from approaching mobile plant until the\\noperator has agreed to their request to approach. Similarly, the system should\\nstop operators from moving plant closer than a set distance from ground\\nworkers until ground workers have advised the operator that they are aware of\\nthe proposed movement.\\n\\nMobile plant operators and workers should be familiar with the blind spots of\\nthe plant being used. Provide induction-training programs emphasising the\\ndangers of working in close proximity to mobile plant, and provide adequate\\nsupervision.\\n\\nMake sure operators and workers wear highvisibility PPE.\\n\\n#### Exclusion zones and spotters\\n\\nExclusion zones and separating workers from mobile plant should be the first\\noption for managing this risk. If exclusion is not possible, use spotters to\\ncontrol operations when workers are in the immediate area. A spotter should be\\nin constant contact with the mobile plant operator.\\n\\nFigure 50: A spotter helping a reversing vehicle\\n\\n### 6.7 Load-lifting\\n\\nItems of mobile plant (including earthmoving equipment), not originally\\ndesigned as a crane, and used for load-lifting incidental to their principal\\nfunction are entirely exempt from the Health and Safety in Employment\\n(Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 subject\\nto the following conditions (10) as applicable:\\n\\n * lifting points and equipment used for rigging loads must be certified by a Chartered Professional Engineer\\n\\n * in the case of new and used hydraulic excavators with an operating weight of seven tonne or more, the following additional conditions apply:\\n\\n * the equipment is not to be modified to make it operate as a crane other than the provision of a lifting point\\n\\n * the equipment is to have a loading chart available to operators\\n\\n * operators and ground support personnel are to be adequately trained\\n\\n * operations are to be carried out in accordance with the Approved Code of Practice for Load-Lifting Rigging\\n\\n * hose burst protection valves are required (except for load-lifting mobile plant used in forestry operations that do not involve the construction of forest roads).\\n\\n(10) Notice Under the Health and Safety in employment (Pressure Equipment,\\nCranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 (24 September 2015) 104 New\\nZealand Gazette(external link)\\n\\n## 07 / Appendices\\n\\n### 7.1 Appendix A: Legal framework\\n\\nAll excavation work must comply with HSWA and associated regulations. Table 10\\nlists the specific duties under the HSE Regulations that apply to excavations\\nin construction work.\\n\\nRegulations\\n\\n|\\n\\nDuties \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\nRegulation 23\\n\\nApplication of Regulations 24 and 25\\n\\n|\\n\\n(1) In Regulations 24 and 25, the term employer means -\\n\\n(a) every employer, in relation to every workplace under the control of that\\nemployer in which any construction work is carried out; and\\n\\n(b) every person who controls a workplace in which any construction work is\\ncarried out.\\n\\n(2) In Regulations 24 and 25, the term employee, -\\n\\n(a) in relation to an employer of the kind described in subclause (1)(a),\\nmeans an employee of that employer; and\\n\\n(b) in relation to a person of the kind described in subclause (1)(b), means a\\nperson working in the workplace. \\n \\nRegulation 24\\n\\nExcavations with face more than 1.5 m high\\n\\n|\\n\\n(1) Subject to subclause (2), every employer must, so far as is reasonably\\npracticable, ensure that, where any face of any excavation is more than 1.5 m\\nhigh, that face is shored.\\n\\n(2) Subclause (1) does not apply where—\\n\\n(a) the face is cut back to a safe slope; or\\n\\n(b) the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all\\nreasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather; or\\n\\n(c) by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any employee in\\nthe vicinity, there is no danger to any employee; or\\n\\n(d) the provision of shoring is impracticable or unreasonable by reason of the\\nnature of the work and the employer has, so far as is reasonably practicable,\\ntaken steps to ensure that other precautions are taken to make the face as\\nsafe as possible in the circumstances.\\n\\n(3) Every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that any\\nshoring used in any excavation at the workplace—\\n\\na) consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are\\nto be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use;\\nand\\n\\n(b) has bracings, jacks, and struts that are securely held to prevent\\naccidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or\\nspikes; and\\n\\n(c) is placed in a proper manner by an experienced person under competent\\nsupervision; and\\n\\n(d) is not altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions\\nof the employer or a representative of the employer. \\n \\nRegulation 25\\n\\nExcavations of hazardous depth\\n\\n|\\n\\nEvery employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure, where any\\nexcavation is—\\n\\n(a) readily accessible to any person; and\\n\\n(b) likely to collect or retain water of such a depth as to constitute a\\ndanger to any person,—\\n\\nthat—\\n\\nc) any such excavation is covered or fenced, when no employee is in the\\nimmediate vicinity to prevent access to it by any person; and\\n\\n(d) any such excavation created in the course of the work is covered, fenced,\\nor filled at the completion of the work. \\n \\nTable 10: Duties in relation to excavations in the HSE Regulations\\n\\n#### Tunnelling operations\\n\\nUnder clause 4 of Schedule 3 of HSWA a tunnelling operation is the extraction\\nof fill to create, extend, or enlarge a tunnel or shaft. Tunnelling operations\\nare subject to Schedule 3 of HSWA and the MOQO Regulations, except operations\\ninvolving:\\n\\n * tunnels or shafts of any length where no-one ordinarily works underground\\n\\n * tunnels or shafts that are or will be 15 m or less, where one or two workers ordinarily work underground at any one time, and:\\n\\n * no explosives are used, and\\n\\n * methane concentrations will not exceed 0.25% of the air in the tunnel or shaft.\\n\\n#### Building legislation\\n\\nThe Building Act 2004 and Building Regulations 1992 will generally apply if\\nexcavations are associated with constructing, altering, demolishing or\\nremoving a building. This also includes site work and building-related design\\nwork.\\n\\nFor more information on building legislation and controls, refer to the\\nMinistry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s website\\nwww.building.govt.nz(external link)\\n\\n#### Other requirements\\n\\nConsider the requirements of any applicable:\\n\\n * codes of practice\\n\\n * engineering standards\\n\\n * laws and regulations and any subsequent amendments\\n\\n * local authorities, by-laws and district plans.\\n\\nRelevant legislation to consider may include the following Acts and\\nregulations made under them:\\n\\n * Building Act 2004\\n\\n * Electricity Act 1992\\n\\n * Gas Act 1992\\n\\n * Land Transport Management Act 2003\\n\\n * Local Government Act 2000\\n\\n * Resource Management Act 1991\\n\\n * Telecommunications Act 2001\\n\\n### 7.2 Appendix B: Safe system of work considerations\\n\\nPlanning considerations should include discussions on:\\n\\n * permits/consents/notifications\\n\\n * service mark-outs and locations\\n\\n * site-specific documentation which could include:\\n\\n * health and safety policy\\n\\n * summary worksite safety plan\\n\\n * worksite emergency procedures\\n\\n * worksite safety induction card\\n\\n * visitor and worksite induction register\\n\\n * accident/incident register\\n\\n * injury/ill-health/incident reporting\\n\\n * hazard identification\\n\\n * site-specific risk assessment\\n\\n * safe or standard operating procedures\\n\\n * environmental plan (ie erosion and sediment control)\\n\\n * quality plan\\n\\n * overhead services and underground service plans\\n\\n * construction plans\\n\\n * nature or condition of the ground, for example:\\n\\n * ground water\\n\\n * depth of excavation\\n\\n * soil conditions\\n\\n * confined space and ventilation\\n\\n * weather conditions (eg time of year, expected conditions etc)\\n\\n * static and dynamic loads near the excavation\\n\\n * interaction with other trades\\n\\n * site access and security\\n\\n * traffic management and public safety\\n\\n * type of plant and equipment to be used for excavation work\\n\\n * the length of time the excavation is to remain open\\n\\n * provision of adequate facilities.\\n\\n### 7.3 Appendix C: Trenching checklist\\n\\nThis is a basic checklist for trench work. Add other items as appropriate to a\\nparticular site or job.\\n\\n 1. Is the surface clear of plant, spoil heaps and materials for at least 1 m from the edge of the excavation?\\n 2. Are spoil heaps properly controlled and will they stay like this in wet weather?\\n 3. Is the trench clear of workers while the spoil heap is being worked on?\\n 4. Is the space between the trench and the spoil heap clear of pipes, bricks, stones, tools, etc?\\n 5. Is the work properly fenced off and ‘signed’ during the day. Is the work properly fenced off, ‘signed’, guarded and lit during the night?\\n 6. Is access adequate without anyone having to jump across? Are footbridges with guard rails available and being used?\\n 7. Are ladders available and being used?\\n 8. Is the supervisor making sure that no-one climbs on the timbering?\\n 9. Is the trench safe from exhaust gases from plant working in the trench or nearby?\\n 10. Does everyone know where the buried services are and are they clearly marked?\\n 11. Are the workers who are excavating and shoring the trench experienced in this sort of work?\\n 12. Are they working at safe distances from each other?\\n 13. Is the ground as the design assumed?\\n 14. Is there any movement or deterioration of the ground that may put adjacent services, roads or structures at risk?\\n 15. Is the area affected by blasting or other heavy vibrations?\\n 16. Is the ground water level as used in the design (ie not higher)?\\n 17. Are proper sumps provided?\\n 18. Does the pumping arrangement avoid drawing material from behind the sheeting?\\n 19. Is the work being done in accordance with the drawings or sketches? If not, is the variation permissible?\\n 20. Are unsheeted faces safe, with no sign of peeling away?\\n 21. Are materials of the correct design size and quality?\\n 22. Are wedges tight?\\n 23. Is timbering free of damage from skips?\\n 24. Are waling and strut spacing within +/-100 mm?\\n 25. Are deflections excessive?\\n 26. Are all struts horizontal and positioned squarely to the walings (within 1 in 40)?\\n 27. Are frames supported against downward movement (by hangers or lip blocks, puncheons and sole plates)?\\n 28. Have correct pins been used in steel trench struts?\\n 29. Is the method of withdrawing sheeting and support for the trench during backfill safe?\\n 30. Is the work area tidy?\\n 31. Are stops provided for mobile plant?\\n 32. Is visibility adequate in the trench?\\n 33. Is PPE available and being used?\\n\\n### 7.4 Appendix D: Notifications to WorkSafe\\n\\nEmployers and the person in control of the workplace must notify WorkSafe at\\nleast 24 hours’ before doing any hazardous work (as defined below).\\n\\nThese notices help WorkSafe plan workplace visits to promote health and safety\\nfor everyone in or near a workplace.\\n\\nNotify WorkSafe by either:\\n\\n * filing a Notification of Particular Hazardous Work online\\n * downloading the notification form and posting or faxing it to WorkSafe.\\n\\n#### Work that needs to be notified to WorkSafe\\n\\nDefined in the HSE regulations as:\\n\\n * any commercial logging or tree-felling\\n\\n * any construction work where:\\n\\n * storeys high, a power or telephone line, or carried out from a ladder only, or minor or routine maintenance or repair work)\\n\\n * scaffolding from which someone could fall 5 m or more while being put up or dismantled\\n\\n * propelled mobile crane, excavator or forklift) has to lift weights of half a tonne (500 kg) or more a height of 5 m or more\\n\\n * people have to work in an excavation that is more than 1.5 m deep and which is deeper than it is wide at the top\\n\\n * workers need to work in any kind of heading, excavation or drive where there is ground cover overhead\\n\\n * work in any excavation in which any face has a vertical height of more than 5 m and an average slope steeper than a ratio of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical\\n\\n * work where explosives are used, or stored for this purpose\\n\\n * workers need to breathe air that is or has been compressed or breathe a respiratory medium other than air.\\n\\n#### Notifiable events\\n\\nA notifiable event is when someone dies or when a notifiable incident, illness\\nor injury occurs as a result of work. WorkSafe must be informed of all\\nnotifiable events. Notifiable injuries, illnesses and incidents are specified\\nin HSWA.\\n\\n#### Notifiable incidents\\n\\nHSWA requires PCBUs to notify WorkSafe if there is an unplanned or\\nuncontrolled incident at a workplace that exposes a person (worker or\\notherwise) to a serious risk to their health and safety arising from immediate\\nor imminent exposure to:\\n\\n * a substance escaping, spilling, or leaking\\n\\n * an implosion, explosion or fire\\n\\n * gas or steam escaping\\n\\n * pressurised substance escaping\\n\\n * electric shock\\n\\n * the fall or release from height of any plant, substance or object\\n\\n * damage to or collapsing, overturning, failing or malfunctioning of any plant that is required to be authorised for use\\n\\n * the collapse or partial collapse of a structure\\n\\n * the collapse or failure of an excavation or any shoring supporting an excavation\\n\\n * the inrush of water, mud, or gas in workings in an underground excavation or tunnel\\n\\n * the interruption of the main system of ventilation in an underground excavation or tunnel\\n\\n * a collision between two vessels, a vessel capsize, or the inrush of water into a vessel\\n\\n * any other incident declared in regulations to be a notifiable incident.\\n\\n### 7.5 Appendix E: More information\\n\\n#### Environmental Protection Authority\\n\\nFor information about how to manage hazardous substances visit the\\nEnvironmental Protection Authority’s website www.epa.govt.nz(external link)\\n\\n#### Local council\\n\\nYour council might have additional rules that need to be met. Check with your\\nlocal council for specific rules that apply in your region.\\n\\n#### Local utility owners\\n\\nCheck any local utility owners’ websites for additional procedures that may\\nneed to be met – look for headings like safety, working safely or public\\nsafety.\\n\\n#### New Zealand Legislation\\n\\nTo access all legislation including Acts and regulations visit the New Zealand\\nLegislation website www.legislation.govt.nz(external link)\\n\\n#### The Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ)\\n\\nA list of competent engineers can be found on the IPENZ website, under the\\nChartered Professional Engineers (CPEng) Register available at\\nwww.ipenz.nz(external link)\\n\\n#### WorkSafe\\n\\nFor information and guidance about health and safety visit our website or call\\n0800 030 040.\\n\\nYou can visit our website for more information and guidance specifically about\\nelectrical or gas safety or call 0800 030 040.\\n\\n#### Standards\\n\\nAS 1657 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders – design,\\nconstruction and installation\\n\\nAS 2187.2 Explosives – storage and use – use of explosive\\n\\nAS 2865 Confined spaces\\n\\nAS 4744.1 Steel shoring and trench lining equipment\\n\\nAS 5047 Hydraulic shoring and trench lining equipment\\n\\nAS/NZS 1576 Scaffolding (series)\\n\\nAS/NZS 1892 Portable ladders (series)\\n\\nBS EN 13331-1 Trench lining systems. Product specifications\\n\\nBS EN 13331-2 Trench lining systems. Assessment by calculation or test\\n\\nBS EN 1537 Execution of special geotechnical works – ground anchors\\n\\nBS 8081 Code of practice for grouted anchors\\n\\nFHWA-IF-99-015 Ground anchors and anchored systems\\n\\nNZS 3603 Timber structures standard\\n\\n#### Guidance\\n\\nApproved Code of Practice for Operator Protective Structures on Self-Propelled\\nMobile Mechanical Plant\\n\\nCode of Practice for Temporary Traffic Management: Part 8 of the Traffic\\nControl Devices Manual New Zealand Transport Agency www.nzta.govt.nz(external\\nlink)\\n\\nExcavation Work Code of Practice Safe Work Australia\\nwww.safeworkaustralia.gov.au(external link)\\n\\nGuide for Safety with Underground Services (PDF 349 KB) [PDF, 349 KB] WorkSafe\\nNew Zealand\\n\\nHealth and Safety at Opencast Mines, Alluvial Mines and Quarries (PDF 12 MB)\\n[PDF, 12 MB] WorkSafe New Zealand\\n\\nNational Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors\\nNew Zealand Utilities Advisory Group (NZUAG) www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)\\n\\nNew Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (NZECP\\n34:2001) WorkSafe New Zealand\\n\\nSafe Use of Machinery WorkSafe New Zealand\\n\\nUsing Quick Hitches Safely (PDF 792 KB) [PDF, 791 KB] WorkSafe New Zealand\\n\\nWorkSafe position on work-related health (PDF 55 KB)\\n\\nSafe working with ladders and stepladders (PDF 218 KB)\\n\\nWorkplace Exposure Standards and Biological Exposure Indices WorkSafe New\\nZealand\\n\\nYour Guide to Working Safe on the Road and Staying Alive New Zealand Utilities\\nAdvisory Group (NZUAG) www.powerco.co.nz(external link)\\n\\n### 7.6 Appendix F: Glossary\\n\\nTerm\\n\\n|\\n\\nBrief explanation \\n \\n---|--- \\n \\n##### Backfill\\n\\n| Material used for refilling excavations. \\n \\n##### Barricade\\n\\n| Any object or structure that creates a barrier obstacle to control, block\\npassage or force the flow of traffic in the desired direction. \\n \\n##### Battering\\n\\n| Means to form an angled excavation face, usually less than the natural angle\\nof repose, to prevent ground collapse. \\n \\n##### Bench\\n\\n| A horizontal step cut into an excavation face to provide horizontal bearing\\nand sliding resistance. \\n \\n##### Benching\\n\\n| The horizontal stepping of an excavation face. \\n \\n##### Closed sheeting\\n\\n| A continuous frame with vertical or horizontal sheathing planks placed side\\nby side to form a continuous retaining wall supported by other shoring parts\\nto hold up an excavated face. \\n \\n##### Competent person (excavation work)\\n\\n| A person who has competencies for different types of excavations set out in\\nsection 2.5. \\n \\n##### Competent person (including competent operator)\\n\\n| A person who has acquired through training, qualification, or experience the\\nknowledge and skills to carry out a task. \\n \\n##### Drives\\n\\n| Small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or elsewhere, for\\nexample, under roads. \\n \\n##### Dynamic load\\n\\n| The forces that move or change when acting on a structure. \\n \\n##### Exclusion zone\\n\\n| An area from which all persons are excluded during excavation work. \\n \\n##### Face\\n\\n| An exposed sloping or vertical surface resulting from excavating material. \\n \\n##### Open excavation\\n\\n| An excavation in open ground which can vary in shape and size often defined\\nby adjacent services or buildings. \\n \\n##### Permanent works\\n\\n| The parts of a construction project that will be used and remain in position\\nfor a long time (eg 60 years). This includes buildings and structures such as\\nbridges, roads, retaining walls, etc. \\n \\n##### Person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU)\\n\\n| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it means any person (including\\na legal entity) running a business or undertaking. For example, a limited\\nliability company, partnership, trust, incorporated society, etc. \\n \\n##### Pit excavations\\n\\n| Usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest horizontal dimension at the\\nsurface. Generally, beyond a depth of around 10 m, an excavation becomes a\\nshaft. Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations,\\nunderground tanks and the like. They are also excavated to construct pile caps\\nand other types of foundations or to access and/or locate existing services to\\nmaintain them. \\n \\n##### Risk\\n\\n| Risks arise from people being exposed to a hazard (a source of harm). Risk\\ncan be described as the likelihood certain consequences (death, injury, or\\nillness) occur when a person is exposed to a hazard. \\n \\n##### Risk assessment\\n\\n| Involves considering what could happen if someone is exposed to a hazard and\\nthe likelihood of it happening. \\n \\n##### Safe slope\\n\\n| The steepest slope at which an excavated face is stable against slips and\\nslides, having regard to the qualities of the material in the face, the height\\nof the face, the load above the face and the moisture conditions for the time\\nbeing existing. \\n \\n##### Shaft\\n\\n| A vertical or inclined way or opening from the surface downwards or from any\\nunderground working, the dimensions of which (apart from the perimeter) are\\nless than its depth. \\n \\n##### Sheet piling\\n\\n| Vertical, close-spaced, or interlocking planks of steel, reinforced concrete\\nor other structural material driven to form a continuous wall ahead of the\\nexcavation and supported either by tie-backs into solid ground structural\\nmembers from within the excavation as the work proceeds. The use of timber,\\nsteel or other structural material to support an excavation in order to\\nprevent collapse so that construction can proceed. \\n \\n##### Sheeting\\n\\n| Sheeting is overlapping rather than interlocking, and cannot stand on its\\nown. \\n \\n##### Safe system of work\\n\\n| A system of working covering how a piece of work or a project will be\\ncompleted safely and in compliance with relevant legislation. \\n \\n##### Soil arching\\n\\n| Describes an arching eff ect some types of shoring create by slightly\\ncompressing soil in without allowing the soil to move outward. \\n \\n##### Soldier\\n\\n| Vertical upright steel or timber element used for supporting a trench wall. \\n \\n##### Static load\\n\\n| A static load is the effect of gravity on an object or structure. For\\nexample the weight of a bridge. \\n \\n##### Structure\\n\\n| A building or other object constructed from several parts. \\n \\n##### Strut\\n\\n| Structural member (usually horizontal) in compression resisting thrust or\\npressure from the face or faces of an excavation. \\n \\n##### Temporary works\\n\\n| The parts of a construction project that allow permanent works to be built.\\nUsually they are removed after use (eg access scaffolds and shoring). \\n \\n##### Tom\\n\\n| Structural member used to hold soldiers against an excavated face or to\\npress walers apart in a close sheeted excavation. \\n \\n##### Trench\\n\\n| A long narrow excavation, deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface\\nalong its length. Trenches are generally excavated to install or maintain\\nunderground services or to otherwise investigate beneath the ground surface. \\n \\n##### Trench shield\\n\\n| A steel or metal structure with two vertical side plates permanently braced\\napart by cross frames or struts designed to resist the pressure from the walls\\nof a trench and capable of being moved as a unit. \\n \\n##### Upstream PCBUs\\n\\n| PCBUs who design, manufacture, import or supply plant, substances or\\nstructures, or who install, construct or commission plant or structures. \\n \\n##### Waler\\n\\n| A horizontal steel or timber element used for supporting a trench wall. \\n \\n##### Water scouring\\n\\n| An erosion process resulting from the action of the flow of water. \\n \\n##### Worker\\n\\n| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it is a person who carries out\\nwork in any capacity for a PCBU. It covers almost all working relationships,\\nincluding employees, contractors, sub-contractors, and volunteers. \\n \\n##### Workplace exposure\\n\\n##### standards (WES)\\n\\n| A WES is the level of a substance in the air that is believed to be safe for\\nnearly all workers repeatedly exposed, day after day, to that substance. The\\nvalues are usually calculated based on exposure over eight hours, 15 minutes\\nor, in some cases, instantaneous exposure. \\n \\n##### Zone of influence\\n\\n| Means the volume of soil around the excavation where actions may influence\\nthe excavation’s stability (eg vehicles, plant, or spoil) or where the\\nexcavation may influence the stability of any nearby structure. \\n \\nWhile this guidance has not been updated to reflect current work health and\\nsafety legislation (the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and regulations),\\nit may still contain relevant information and practices to keep workers and\\nothers healthy and safe.\\n\\nPlease read this guidance in conjunction with all relevant industry standards\\nthat apply to you as a PCBU. This guidance will be progressively reviewed and\\neither updated, replaced with other guidance, or revoked.\\n\\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on LinkedIn Share by Email\\n\\nSubscribe\\n\\nLast updated 5 September 2017 at 10:01\\n\\n# Search\\n\\n## Popular questions\\n\\n * Where can I find WorkSafe's guidance and advice about COVID-19?\\n * How to I manage supply issues for personal protective equipment (PPE)?\\n * What are some of the health and safety risks associated with my industry?\\n * Do I need an asbestos management plan?\\n * What do you need to think about when managing your workplace hazardous substances?\\n * How do I report an unsafe or unhealthy work situation?\\n * How can I prevent bullying?\\n\\n## About Us\\n\\n * About us\\n * Careers\\n * About this site\\n * Privacy\\n * Disclaimer\\n * Copyright\\n\\n## Services\\n\\n * Notify WorkSafe\\n * Raise a health or safety concern\\n * Electricity or gas event notification\\n\\n## Updates\\n\\n * Subscribe to WorkSafe\\n * Subscribe to RSS\\n * Contact us\\n * News and media\\n\\n© Copyright 2021 WorkSafe\\n\\nNZBN: 9429041926437\\n\\nVisit WorkSafe on facebook Visit WorkSafe on twitter Visit WorkSafe on\\nlinkedin Visit WorkSafe on instagram Visit WorkSafe on youtube\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.familyhandyman.com/sheds/diy-storage-shed-building-tips/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200601053806/https://www.familyhandyman.com/sheds/diy-storage-shed-building-tips/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"DIY Shed Building Tips — The Family Handyman\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"In most cases when learning how to build a shed foundation, the shed doesn't have to rest on deep footings. A pair of trenches filled with gravel and topped with treated 6x6s is adequate in areas with well-drained soil. Level and square the 6x6s and you're ready to build and attach the joist system.\",\n \"If your shed site slopes, pouring concrete is a bigger job because you have to build strong forms and pour extra concrete on the downhill side. A simpler method is to build your shed floor like a deck, with footings, posts and a wood frame covered by plywood. If you don't like the opening under the shed, build a skirt to cover the space between the shed floor and the ground. Since locating buried utilities is free, it doesn't make any sense to skip this step. You can avoid an expensive mistake when building a shed, or worse yet, a tragedy, by going online to call811.com for more information and then calling 811 a few days before you plan to dig to have your buried utilities located.\",\n \"For a shed floor that's strong, long-lasting and low to the ground, it's hard to beat concrete. Surprisingly, if you pour the slab yourself, the price is comparable to that of a wood platform. Read more about pouring your own concrete shed floor when building a shed.\",\n \"Don't be tempted to get sloppy when you square up the floor and walls of your shed. An out-of-square start will haunt you through the rest of the project, from doors and windows to trim and roofing. For a concrete slab, measure diagonally across the opposite corners of the form boards. Then adjust the forms until the diagonal measurements are equal. Do the same for a wood platform floor. If you're installing sheet siding on the walls, before you stand them up, measure diagonally and square up the wall before you nail on the siding.\",\n \"Whether you build your own trusses or order them from the lumberyard, building a roof with trusses is much easier than framing a roof one rafter at a time. As a general rule when learning how to build a shed roof, you'll need one truss every 2 ft. If you build your own, the cost will be about half this amount. Connect the framing for site-built trusses with plywood gussets glued and screwed to the joints.\",\n \"It's not always possible, but if you're using 4 x 8-ft. sheet siding and have enough helpers around to lift the wall when you're done, you can save time by siding the walls before you raise them. Make sure to straighten the wall plates and square the wall by measuring diagonally before you nail on the siding. This is easier to do on a wood shed floor because you can tack the plates to the floor to hold the wall straight and square while you install the siding.\",\n \"A good carpenter is constantly working to keep all the framing straight. And all it takes is a string. Starting at the floor, you can stretch a string along the concrete forms or rim joist and make adjustments to straighten any deviations. Then do the same thing at the top of the walls, and finally when you set the roof trusses or ridge. The trick for learning how to build a storage shed is to stretch the line across a scrap of wood at each end so there's a space between the line and the part you're straightening. On a wall, for example, tack small scraps of 1/2-in. plywood at each end of the top plate and stretch a line very tightly over the plywood. Then use a third scrap as a gauge to check the distance between the line and the lumber. Use braces or whatever is needed to adjust the top plate until the gauge just fits. Now your top plate will be perfectly straight.\",\n \"In a perfect world, all of the studs would be straight, but since they aren't, make sure to pick the best ones to use at corners and at door and window openings. Sight down the length of the studs and set aside the ones that are perfectly straight. While you're at it, also set aside studs that are really crooked. You can cut these up to use as cripples or blocking. You may find other uses for short pieces later on.\",\n \"Whether grooved or plain, installing 4 x 8-ft. sheets of siding is a fast and economical way to cover shed walls. But the result can look pretty plain. Adding wide corner boards, wide window and door casing, and maybe a horizontal band at the base and top can turn a utilitarian-looking shed into a masterpiece.\",\n \"If you're building your own roof trusses, the handiest place to assemble them is right on the shed floor. But you have to do it before you build the walls. The best method is to snap chalk lines on the shed floor to outline the truss parts. Then use the chalk lines as a guide for cutting the truss patterns and assembling the trusses.\",\n \"Consider adding overhangs to the ends of your shed. They're more work and require some extra material, but overhangs provide some protection from rain and snow, which translates to less painting and maintenance. Plus, overhangs just look better, and they give you a place to add decorative brackets.\",\n \"Frame-and-panel doors are expensive, especially if you want a unique style. But you can get the same look for a fraction of the cost by simply laminating two layers of inexpensive 3/4-in.-thick boards together.\",\n \"For strength, plan to build the front and back layers so the corners overlap each other. Then, to accommodate inset panels, make the front pieces a little wider to create a lip for the panels to rest against. Use plywood or tongue- and-groove boards for the panels, and hold them in with stops nailed on the back. You can assemble the two frames with pocket screws before gluing and screwing them together, but it's not necessary. After the glue dries, plane or sand the edges to hide the fact that there are two layers.\",\n \"Utilitarian barn sash windows are perfect for sheds. Basically you order the sash—the movable part with glass—and build a simple frame to hold it. Add a few hinges and hold-open hardware and you've got an inexpensive, nice-looking window. If you want a screen, you'll have to build a separate frame and staple screening to it.\",\n \"You can cut steel roofing panels with a circular saw and a carbide blade, but it'll save you a lot of work if you order the panels the right length to start with. Plus, you'll have a greater color selection if you order the roofing rather than buy off-the-shelf panels. Remember to order in advance, though, since it usually takes several weeks for the roofing to arrive. And make sure the overhangs are the right size so the panels will overhang the fascia slightly.\",\n \"If you plan to paint your shed, natural wood siding isn't necessary. You can buy sheets of OSB (oriented strand board) siding at a fraction of the cost of real plywood, and it'll probably last longer too. LP SmartSide panel is one brand. You can buy plain, grooved or stucco-like panels in several thicknesses and sizes. Ask at your local lumberyard to see what's available.\",\n \"If you buy heavy galvanized hardware designed for farm buildings for your shed, it's overkill. Buy heavy-duty closet door hardware instead. It's not really meant for outdoor use, but when it's protected by an overhang, it holds up well. And if the roller bearings get corroded, it's simple to replace the entire hanger mechanism. Check out Johnson Hardware's 111 track and 1025 ball- bearing hangers.\",\n \"Working from ladders is more dangerous than working from scaffolding. Plus, having to constantly move ladders around is time consuming. When you get to the roof construction, consider renting a set of scaffolding with wheels. You'll be amazed at how much easier it is to have a stable platform to work from and to set your tools and materials on. You can rent a 5-ft.-tall section of scaffold with three planks and wheels for about $110 per week.\",\n \"Nothing dresses up a shed like brackets. They're the ultimate low-effort, high-impact feature. In some cases they also provide extra support for your gable-end overhang. Depending on the design, you can build brackets from 4x4s or by laminating 2-by boards. Make a full-scale drawing to work out the details. Then build the brackets and attach them to the shed. Install the brackets tight to the underside of the overhang, and then notch the fascia board to fit over them.\",\n \"For painted trim, avoid real wood. There are other materials that hold paint better and won't rot. Here are a couple of products to consider:\",\n \"PVC (Azek is one brand). You can paint it or leave it unpainted, but don't use dark colors. It can be shaped with a router like wood.\",\n \"Fiber cement (James Hardie is one brand). This is less expensive than PVC, but you must take some precautions to protect it from moisture.\",\n \"We are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide site experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security practices.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"DIY Shed Building Tips — The Family Handyman\\n\\nShare\\n\\nShare on Facebook\\n\\nSave on Pinterest\\n\\nTweet this\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nNext\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\\n\\n#### Newsletter Sign Up\\n\\nHome Sheds\\n\\n# DIY Shed Building Tips\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n## Must-read pro advice on everything from floors to roofs, windows and\\ndoors—plus, how to save time and money on your shed.\\n\\n1 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Easy Shed Foundation\\n\\nIn most cases when learning how to build a shed foundation, the shed doesn't\\nhave to rest on deep footings. A pair of trenches filled with gravel and\\ntopped with treated 6x6s is adequate in areas with well-drained soil. Level\\nand square the 6x6s and you're ready to build and attach the joist system.\\n\\n2 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### For Sloped Sites, Build on Posts\\n\\nIf your shed site slopes, pouring concrete is a bigger job because you have to\\nbuild strong forms and pour extra concrete on the downhill side. A simpler\\nmethod is to build your shed floor like a deck, with footings, posts and a\\nwood frame covered by plywood. If you don't like the opening under the shed,\\nbuild a skirt to cover the space between the shed floor and the ground. Since\\nlocating buried utilities is free, it doesn't make any sense to skip this\\nstep. You can avoid an expensive mistake when building a shed, or worse yet, a\\ntragedy, by going online to call811.com for more information and then calling\\n811 a few days before you plan to dig to have your buried utilities located.\\n\\n3 / 19\\n\\n#### Best Shed Floor is a Concrete Slab\\n\\nFor a shed floor that's strong, long-lasting and low to the ground, it's hard\\nto beat concrete. Surprisingly, if you pour the slab yourself, the price is\\ncomparable to that of a wood platform. Read more about pouring your own\\nconcrete shed floor when building a shed.\\n\\n4 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Be Precise With Shed Floor & Walls\\n\\nDon't be tempted to get sloppy when you square up the floor and walls of your\\nshed. An out-of-square start will haunt you through the rest of the project,\\nfrom doors and windows to trim and roofing. For a concrete slab, measure\\ndiagonally across the opposite corners of the form boards. Then adjust the\\nforms until the diagonal measurements are equal. Do the same for a wood\\nplatform floor. If you're installing sheet siding on the walls, before you\\nstand them up, measure diagonally and square up the wall before you nail on\\nthe siding.\\n\\n5 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Build Shed Roof Trusses\\n\\nWhether you build your own trusses or order them from the lumberyard, building\\na roof with trusses is much easier than framing a roof one rafter at a time.\\nAs a general rule when learning how to build a shed roof, you'll need one\\ntruss every 2 ft. If you build your own, the cost will be about half this\\namount. Connect the framing for site-built trusses with plywood gussets glued\\nand screwed to the joints.\\n\\n6 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Install Siding, Then Raise Shed Walls\\n\\nIt's not always possible, but if you're using 4 x 8-ft. sheet siding and have\\nenough helpers around to lift the wall when you're done, you can save time by\\nsiding the walls before you raise them. Make sure to straighten the wall\\nplates and square the wall by measuring diagonally before you nail on the\\nsiding. This is easier to do on a wood shed floor because you can tack the\\nplates to the floor to hold the wall straight and square while you install the\\nsiding.\\n\\n7 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Keep Shed Framing Straight\\n\\nA good carpenter is constantly working to keep all the framing straight. And\\nall it takes is a string. Starting at the floor, you can stretch a string\\nalong the concrete forms or rim joist and make adjustments to straighten any\\ndeviations. Then do the same thing at the top of the walls, and finally when\\nyou set the roof trusses or ridge. The trick for learning how to build a\\nstorage shed is to stretch the line across a scrap of wood at each end so\\nthere's a space between the line and the part you're straightening. On a wall,\\nfor example, tack small scraps of 1/2-in. plywood at each end of the top plate\\nand stretch a line very tightly over the plywood. Then use a third scrap as a\\ngauge to check the distance between the line and the lumber. Use braces or\\nwhatever is needed to adjust the top plate until the gauge just fits. Now your\\ntop plate will be perfectly straight.\\n\\n8 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Choose Straight Studs\\n\\nIn a perfect world, all of the studs would be straight, but since they aren't,\\nmake sure to pick the best ones to use at corners and at door and window\\nopenings. Sight down the length of the studs and set aside the ones that are\\nperfectly straight. While you're at it, also set aside studs that are really\\ncrooked. You can cut these up to use as cripples or blocking. You may find\\nother uses for short pieces later on.\\n\\n9 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Dress Up a Plain Shed With Trim\\n\\nWhether grooved or plain, installing 4 x 8-ft. sheets of siding is a fast and\\neconomical way to cover shed walls. But the result can look pretty plain.\\nAdding wide corner boards, wide window and door casing, and maybe a horizontal\\nband at the base and top can turn a utilitarian-looking shed into a\\nmasterpiece.\\n\\n10 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### How to Build Trusses for a Shed: Build Trusses On the Shed Floor\\n\\nIf you're building your own roof trusses, the handiest place to assemble them\\nis right on the shed floor. But you have to do it before you build the walls.\\nThe best method is to snap chalk lines on the shed floor to outline the truss\\nparts. Then use the chalk lines as a guide for cutting the truss patterns and\\nassembling the trusses.\\n\\n11 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Add Overhangs to Protect Shed Siding\\n\\nConsider adding overhangs to the ends of your shed. They're more work and\\nrequire some extra material, but overhangs provide some protection from rain\\nand snow, which translates to less painting and maintenance. Plus, overhangs\\njust look better, and they give you a place to add decorative brackets.\\n\\n12 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Build Economical 'Sandwich' Doors\\n\\nFrame-and-panel doors are expensive, especially if you want a unique style.\\nBut you can get the same look for a fraction of the cost by simply laminating\\ntwo layers of inexpensive 3/4-in.-thick boards together.\\n\\nFor strength, plan to build the front and back layers so the corners overlap\\neach other. Then, to accommodate inset panels, make the front pieces a little\\nwider to create a lip for the panels to rest against. Use plywood or tongue-\\nand-groove boards for the panels, and hold them in with stops nailed on the\\nback. You can assemble the two frames with pocket screws before gluing and\\nscrewing them together, but it's not necessary. After the glue dries, plane or\\nsand the edges to hide the fact that there are two layers.\\n\\n13 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Save Money With Barn Sash Windows\\n\\nUtilitarian barn sash windows are perfect for sheds. Basically you order the\\nsash—the movable part with glass—and build a simple frame to hold it. Add a\\nfew hinges and hold-open hardware and you've got an inexpensive, nice-looking\\nwindow. If you want a screen, you'll have to build a separate frame and staple\\nscreening to it.\\n\\n14 / 19\\n\\n#### Order Cut-to-Length Steel Roof Panels\\n\\nYou can cut steel roofing panels with a circular saw and a carbide blade, but\\nit'll save you a lot of work if you order the panels the right length to start\\nwith. Plus, you'll have a greater color selection if you order the roofing\\nrather than buy off-the-shelf panels. Remember to order in advance, though,\\nsince it usually takes several weeks for the roofing to arrive. And make sure\\nthe overhangs are the right size so the panels will overhang the fascia\\nslightly.\\n\\n15 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Save Money on Shed Siding\\n\\nIf you plan to paint your shed, natural wood siding isn't necessary. You can\\nbuy sheets of OSB (oriented strand board) siding at a fraction of the cost of\\nreal plywood, and it'll probably last longer too. LP SmartSide panel is one\\nbrand. You can buy plain, grooved or stucco-like panels in several thicknesses\\nand sizes. Ask at your local lumberyard to see what's available.\\n\\n16 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Closet Door Hardware for Sliding Shed Doors\\n\\nIf you buy heavy galvanized hardware designed for farm buildings for your\\nshed, it's overkill. Buy heavy-duty closet door hardware instead. It's not\\nreally meant for outdoor use, but when it's protected by an overhang, it holds\\nup well. And if the roller bearings get corroded, it's simple to replace the\\nentire hanger mechanism. Check out Johnson Hardware's 111 track and 1025 ball-\\nbearing hangers.\\n\\n17 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Rent Scaffolding for Shed Roof Construction\\n\\nWorking from ladders is more dangerous than working from scaffolding. Plus,\\nhaving to constantly move ladders around is time consuming. When you get to\\nthe roof construction, consider renting a set of scaffolding with wheels.\\nYou'll be amazed at how much easier it is to have a stable platform to work\\nfrom and to set your tools and materials on. You can rent a 5-ft.-tall section\\nof scaffold with three planks and wheels for about $110 per week.\\n\\n18 / 19\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n#### Add Brackets for a Custom Touch\\n\\nNothing dresses up a shed like brackets. They're the ultimate low-effort,\\nhigh-impact feature. In some cases they also provide extra support for your\\ngable-end overhang. Depending on the design, you can build brackets from 4x4s\\nor by laminating 2-by boards. Make a full-scale drawing to work out the\\ndetails. Then build the brackets and attach them to the shed. Install the\\nbrackets tight to the underside of the overhang, and then notch the fascia\\nboard to fit over them.\\n\\n19 / 19\\n\\n#### Avoid Painted Wood Trim\\n\\nFor painted trim, avoid real wood. There are other materials that hold paint\\nbetter and won't rot. Here are a couple of products to consider:\\n\\n * PVC (Azek is one brand). You can paint it or leave it unpainted, but don't use dark colors. It can be shaped with a router like wood.\\n * Fiber cement (James Hardie is one brand). This is less expensive than PVC, but you must take some precautions to protect it from moisture.\\n * Engineered wood-fiber trim (MiraTEC is one brand).\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Magazine\\n * Electrical\\n\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n * Garage\\n * Outdoors\\n\\nOur Brands\\n\\n * Reader’s Digest\\n * Taste of Home\\n * Birds & Blooms\\n\\n * Subscribe\\n * Give a Gift\\n * Advertise with Us\\n * Customer Care\\n * Content Submission\\n * Contact Us\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\\n * Terms of Use\\n * About Ads\\n\\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\\n\\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\\n\\nDo it right, do it yourself!\\n\\nWe are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide\\nsite experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security\\npractices.\\n\\nWe recommend our users to update the browser\\n\\n * Google Chrome\\n * Apple Safari\\n * Mozilla Firefox\\n * Microsoft Edge\\n\\n * How To & Repair\\n\\n * Appliance Repair\\n\\n * Dishwasher Repair\\n * Refrigerator Repair\\n * Stove Repair\\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\\n * See All Appliance Repair\\n * Automotive\\n\\n * Car Brakes\\n * Car Maintenance\\n * Car Window Repair\\n * DIY Car Paint\\n * DIY Oil Change\\n * Lawn Mower Repair\\n * See All Automotive\\n * Carpentry\\n\\n * Trim Carpentry\\n * See All Carpentry\\n * Cleaning\\n\\n * Mold & Mildew\\n * See All Cleaning\\n * Doors\\n\\n * Door Installation\\n * Door Repair\\n * Garage Door Repair\\n * Screen Door Repair\\n * Drywall\\n\\n * Ceiling Texture\\n * Cutting Drywall\\n * Drywall Installation\\n * Drywall Repair\\n * Drywall Taping\\n * Electrical\\n\\n * Breaker Box\\n * Electrical Repair\\n * Electrical Wiring\\n * Fluorescent Lighting\\n * Home Lighting\\n * Wiring Outlets\\n * Wiring Switches\\n * See All Electrical\\n * Floors\\n\\n * Carpet Repair\\n * Floor Repair\\n * Hardwood Floors\\n * Vinyl Flooring\\n * Wood Floor Installation\\n * Heating & Cooling\\n\\n * Air Conditioner Repair\\n * Furnace Repair\\n * Painting\\n\\n * Painting Techniques\\n * Painting Tips\\n * Parts of the House\\n\\n * Ceiling\\n * Masonry\\n\\n * Concrete Repair\\n * Pouring Concrete\\n * Roof\\n\\n * Gutter Repair\\n * Roof Repair\\n * Siding\\n * Tiling\\n\\n * Grouting\\n * Tile Installation\\n * Walls\\n * Windows\\n\\n * Window Repair\\n * Pest Control\\n * Plumbing\\n\\n * Drain Repair\\n * Faucet Repair\\n * Plumbing Repair\\n * Plumbing Valves\\n * Toilet Repair\\n * Water Heater\\n * Water Softener\\n * See All Plumbing\\n * Storage & Organization\\n * Tools\\n\\n * Air Tools\\n * Automotive Tools\\n * Circular Saws\\n * Drills\\n * Miter Saws\\n * Painting Tools\\n * Power Tools\\n * Routers\\n * Saws\\n * Table Saws\\n * Tool Storage\\n * Woodworking Tools\\n * Woodworking\\n\\n * Bookcase\\n * Building Shelves\\n * Furniture Repair\\n * Staining Wood\\n * Wood Joints\\n * Woodworking Projects\\n * Woodworking Tips\\n * See All Woodworking\\n * Rooms\\n\\n * Attic\\n * Basement\\n * Bathroom\\n\\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\\n * Bathroom Remodeling\\n * Shower Installation\\n * Bedroom\\n * Closet\\n * Garage\\n\\n * Garage Storage\\n * Home Office\\n * Kitchen\\n\\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\\n * Kitchen Countertops\\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\\n * Kitchen Storage\\n * Workshop\\n\\n * Workbenches\\n * Workshop Storage\\n * Outdoor\\n\\n * Decks\\n\\n * Building a Deck\\n * Deck Designs\\n * Deck Railing\\n * Garden\\n * Garden Structures\\n\\n * Fences\\n * Garden Paths\\n * Grills\\n * Landscaping\\n\\n * Backyard Ponds\\n * Backyard Waterfalls\\n * Lawn Care\\n * Outdoor Fountains\\n * Planter Boxes\\n * Retaining Wall\\n * See all Landscaping\\n * Patio\\n * Sheds\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n\\n * DIY Home Improvement\\n * DIY Advice\\n * Great Goofs\\n * Home Safety Tips\\n * Home Security\\n * Storage & Organization\\n * Ways to Save Money\\n * See All Smart Homeowner\\n * Stuff We Love\\n * Videos\\n * DIY University\\n * Giveaways\\n\\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\\n * Subscribe\\n\\n * Magazine Subscription\\n * Newsletters\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * Promotions\\n * Follow Us\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Instagram\\n * Twitter\\n * Project Plans\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127232816/https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Digging the Perfect Post-Hole\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"A post-hole is more than just a hole in the earth. It is a shaft cut straight down into the ground to particular size in a particular place, despite all the root and rock obstacles between your shovel point and the bottom. It is also a heck of a lot of work, so I want to do it right the first time whenever possible.\",\n \"“Right?” You might ask. “Dude, it’s a hole. Taking yourself a little too seriously? Grab your post-hole digger and get to it.”\",\n \"This reply might fly, say for a mailbox post (but even those must comply with mailbox placement regulations—see Side Note 1).\",\n \"However, for a deck, fence or pergola, post holes need to be right or something goes seriously wrong with carpentry layout, profitability and/or inspection. If they’re not the right shape and correct depth, they won’t fly.\",\n \"I’ve dug (and re-dug) hundreds of post holes, both alone and with other people, who swear they know how to do it. The key to digging post holes correctly is to understand what you’re digging and to throw away old assumptions about the tools everyone has in their shed or garage.\",\n \"It’s best to think about post holes as shafts. They descend straight (plumb) down from where you start digging them. The sides of the shaft are straight and the bottom of the hole is flat (or at least flat-ish). In other words, if your hole looks like a cup or a bowl, well, it’s not a post-hole.\",\n \"This concept is pretty easy to get your head around. In reality, however, it is more difficult to execute because it requires us to use the most basic tools we own (shovels, digging bars, etc.) that we’ve all used a zillion times for shoveling projects—mulch/snow, leveling the yard, turning over the garden—in a different way. Digging a proper posthole is all about getting started in the right place and going the right direction. And that is harder than it sounds.\",\n \"Different people lay out post-hole locations differently, usually by running strings or pulling lay-out from an existing structure. However you get there, the first thing to do is mark the whole hole.\",\n \"Center. The first thing I mark is the center of the hole. I then take a screw or nail, shove it through a hunk of caution tape or red duct tape, and plug it into the ground. Next, I grab a can of spray paint and paint a 24-in. “X” across the center of the hole. (I learned this trick in Joplin, Missouri, building the Boomtown playground with the crew of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition.) This cross mark helps keep me on target. The first step is to dig out the screw marking the hole’s center.\",\n \"Like many projects, starting on the right foot is an indicator of things to come. For post holes, I like to slice the earth at the top of the hole in a square, and there’s hardly a better tool for that than a garden spade. You can measure your hole width (decks with 6-by-6 posts or 12-in. builder’s tube usually require a hole that is 16-by-16-in. square or diameter or larger).\",\n \"The other critical job the spade does is help get the sides of the hole going down straight from the get-go—which is the first hardest part of the job and the thing that’ll chase you right down to the bottom of the hole. Lean the handle away from you to get the blade plumb, and then jump on the bad boy like you mean it to sink the blade below the sod.\",\n \"I like the spade to get started, but after getting under the sod, I need to scoop out the loose dirt that’s in the hole, and for that I switch to the long-handled shovel.\",\n \"With the turf removed, a long-handled shovel does a good job of removing the dirt. Dig with the blade plumb and the handle pushed forward to keep the walls of the hole straight up and down.\",\n \"To cut the earth straight off the sides of the shaft, you have to lean the shovel handle outward in a way that might seem uncomfortably far away from your body. However, you know that when you’re reaching for the handle, the blade of the shovel is cutting straight down. It is usually around this point in the hole where things go wrong with a rookie because they try to scoop instead of cut. Once you’ve sheared off the sides of the hole into the bottom, then you scoop out the loose fill.\",\n \"That’s pretty much the mojo, although root, rock, clay and other obstructions will conspire to nudge you off course. Nudge them back.\",\n \"Digging the hole involves more cutting than scooping. After cutting the straight walls of the hole, scoop out the loose fill from the bottom.\",\n \"Digging a shaft is harder than most people think, and it takes almost nothing to get off track. It’s kind of like swimming in a straight line under water—there’s nothing to gauge your progress against. A root or rocks can knock even a skid-steer powered auger off line. To help keep the shaft plunging straight down, I employ a whole battery of tools.\",\n \"Digging Bar. My primary go-to for layers of rock-hard clay, smallish rocks and roots is my digging bar. It can pierce and puncture clay layers. I slam it down the edges of the shaft, then I use it to chew up the center of the hole. I then return it to the edge of the hole and pry against the rim until I’m through the clay. Rinse and repeat. And, unless you’ve got calluses on your calluses, wear gloves; this steel likes skin.\",\n \"There’s also nothing more brutal on small roots than the digging bar blade. Kind of like a shear, I plunge the bar down into them. Sometimes I start at the edge of the root to get it cut, then take subsequent blows to get it out.\",\n \"The bar can also pry rocks out from the edge of the shaft. And, if there is an old footing down there, such as the edge of a sidewalk or rock that’ll fracture, you can use the digging bar to delete those obstacles with lead-pipe brutality.\",\n \"However, when pounding down into the hole, make sure to try and keep the rim intact. No matter what happens inside the hole, this is the control point.\",\n \"Recip Saw. Some roots are simply too big for a digging bar to cut through—and too deep for a mattock (awesome root cutter) or axe—to get at. For those, I clear as much dirt from around them as I can and cut them out using my recip saw. Expect dirt to blow up in your face from the saw’s exhaust, and for typical demo blades to gum up because the wood is so green. Skil’s Ugly blade, with its massive gullets and super sharp teeth, really evens the odds.\",\n \"Jackhammer or Rotary Hammer. I’ve encountered dirt so hard that there is simply no other way through it than to go hardcore muscle. For those instances, an electric jackhammer can save the day. I’ve also found my way through uber soil using my rotary hammer and a “spade” type bit. It breaks the soil up just like a jackhammer will, but with less power and more maneuverability. You can rent either tool easily.\",\n \"To meet structural requirements for inspections, whether you’re building a deck or dropping piers for an addition, the inspector not only wants to see the bottom of the hole, but that the bottom is far enough away from the top. An easy way to get a measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight like your shovel or hunk of 2-by so you can sink your tape and get a decent reading.\",\n \"Once the hole is deep enough and relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down with my feet. Every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work.\",\n \"An easy way to get a depth measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight, like your shovel, so you can sink your tape and get a decent reading.\",\n \"The Bottom. Getting every fleck of dirt out of the hole isn’t really possible, so once I’m deep enough and have made the bottom relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down with my feet. Trust me when I tell you that a hole bottom that is flat and free of debris makes positioning a post or tube significantly easier. And every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work. Once they start seeing sloppy stuff, they’re extra vigilant. In other words, if you can’t get the hole right, what else is a mess?\",\n \"In a landscaped yard dirt can co-mingle with the grass and be a mess to clean up, especially on extended projects and/or if it rains. A sheet of plywood is a great bond-break between grass and dirt congealing around it. Sheet plastic works too, as long as you’re re-filling in 24 hours or so. And, on longer projects, it makes sense to cover the dirt pile with plastic to keep it dry so it is easier to work when refilling.\",\n \"You will have more dirt left over after the fact. The post, tube, concrete etc., all take up space—plus the dirt is entrained with air. There are a number of techniques to refill the hole, all of which work with varying degrees of success.\",\n \"You can tamp down the dirt as you refill it (with a tamper, the back of a digging bar or the head of a sledgehammer), but you have to be careful not to move the post as you pack dirt around it. You can also overfill the hole, which will then sink down as water and gravity take effect. The top of the hole may stay proud of the ground or sink below, so this one can be tricky.\",\n \"According to the Us Postal service, your local postmaster must approve the location of your mailbox. This typically means that a roadside mailbox must be located where a carrier can reach inside without leaving the truck. That means positioning it about 41 to 45 in. off the ground and back about 6 to 8 in. from the curb.\",\n \"My main post-hole tools are a spade, long-handled shovel, a digging bar and a tape measure and/or level (for layout and depth measurement). You might notice there is no post-hole digger. Not only are they brutal to use (I have rarely been as sore after a day behind a post-hole digger), but they either don’t cut a big enough hole, won’t cut through tough soil, or they don’t scoop out as much dirt as I can get with my shovel. I’m not saying they don’t work, but when you’re staring down a dozen 40-in. deep holes for a fence, any move you can save is a good move.\",\n \"Fontanot Arke` Stairs introduces the SKY030 spiral staircase. The SKY030 is manufactured in varnished steel with a particular treatment (Sendzimir process) that consists of a hot-dipped galvanization and subsequent powder coated varnish. This process insures weather resistance and durability. The final result is a staircase that is highly resistant to atmospheric elements. It can support temperatures ranging from -4°F to [...]\",\n \"Milwaukee Tool unveils the next generation of legendary performance and durability with their newest M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw. Designed for the toughest applications on the jobsite, this is the fastest cutting reciprocating saw in its class and the most durable SAWZALL® reciprocating saw yet. Also available is a version with One-KeyTM which allows users to customize performance for unrivaled [...]\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Digging the Perfect Post-Hole - Extreme How To\\n\\n### Explore:\\n\\n * Latest Products\\n * Extreme How-To Blog\\n * Tool Reviews\\n * About Us\\n * Contact Us\\n * Media Kit\\n\\n# Digging the Perfect Post-Hole\\n\\nGardening, Landscaping, Outdoors August 6, 2012 Sonia\\n\\nBy Mark Clement\\n\\n## The Hole truth: Tips for digging the perfect Post-Hole\\n\\nA post-hole is more than just a hole in the earth. It is a shaft cut straight\\ndown into the ground to particular size in a particular place, despite all the\\nroot and rock obstacles between your shovel point and the bottom. It is also a\\nheck of a lot of work, so I want to do it right the first time whenever\\npossible.\\n\\n“Right?” You might ask. “Dude, it’s a hole. Taking yourself a little too\\nseriously? Grab your post-hole digger and get to it.”\\n\\nThis reply might fly, say for a mailbox post (but even those must comply with\\nmailbox placement regulations—see Side Note 1).\\n\\nHowever, for a deck, fence or pergola, post holes need to be right or\\nsomething goes seriously wrong with carpentry layout, profitability and/or\\ninspection. If they’re not the right shape and correct depth, they won’t fly.\\n\\nI’ve dug (and re-dug) hundreds of post holes, both alone and with other\\npeople, who swear they know how to do it. The key to digging post holes\\ncorrectly is to understand what you’re digging and to throw away old\\nassumptions about the tools everyone has in their shed or garage.\\n\\nWhat it is\\n\\nIt’s best to think about post holes as shafts. They descend straight (plumb)\\ndown from where you start digging them. The sides of the shaft are straight\\nand the bottom of the hole is flat (or at least flat-ish). In other words, if\\nyour hole looks like a cup or a bowl, well, it’s not a post-hole.\\n\\nThis concept is pretty easy to get your head around. In reality, however, it\\nis more difficult to execute because it requires us to use the most basic\\ntools we own (shovels, digging bars, etc.) that we’ve all used a zillion times\\nfor shoveling projects—mulch/snow, leveling the yard, turning over the\\ngarden—in a different way. Digging a proper posthole is all about getting\\nstarted in the right place and going the right direction. And that is harder\\nthan it sounds.\\n\\nCheck local building codes for post-hole size requirements. Deck posts often\\nrequire a 16” square hole.\\n\\nGetting Started\\n\\nDifferent people lay out post-hole locations differently, usually by running\\nstrings or pulling lay-out from an existing structure. However you get there,\\nthe first thing to do is mark the whole hole.\\n\\nCenter. The first thing I mark is the center of the hole. I then take a screw\\nor nail, shove it through a hunk of caution tape or red duct tape, and plug it\\ninto the ground. Next, I grab a can of spray paint and paint a 24-in. “X”\\nacross the center of the hole. (I learned this trick in Joplin, Missouri,\\nbuilding the Boomtown playground with the crew of Extreme Makeover: Home\\nEdition.) This cross mark helps keep me on target. The first step is to dig\\nout the screw marking the hole’s center.\\n\\nGet the Shape, Cut the Sod\\n\\nLike many projects, starting on the right foot is an indicator of things to\\ncome. For post holes, I like to slice the earth at the top of the hole in a\\nsquare, and there’s hardly a better tool for that than a garden spade. You can\\nmeasure your hole width (decks with 6-by-6 posts or 12-in. builder’s tube\\nusually require a hole that is 16-by-16-in. square or diameter or larger).\\n\\nKeep the blade plumb and jump straight down on the spade to cut the walls of\\nthe shaft-shaped hole.\\n\\nStart digging with a garden spade to cut through the turf.\\n\\nThe other critical job the spade does is help get the sides of the hole going\\ndown straight from the get-go—which is the first hardest part of the job and\\nthe thing that’ll chase you right down to the bottom of the hole. Lean the\\nhandle away from you to get the blade plumb, and then jump on the bad boy like\\nyou mean it to sink the blade below the sod.\\n\\nEarthwork\\n\\nI like the spade to get started, but after getting under the sod, I need to\\nscoop out the loose dirt that’s in the hole, and for that I switch to the\\nlong-handled shovel.\\n\\nWith the turf removed, a long-handled shovel does a good job of removing the\\ndirt. Dig with the blade plumb and the handle pushed forward to keep the walls\\nof the hole straight up and down.\\n\\nStore the excavated dirt on plastic or plywood to keep the surrounding lawn\\nand landscape clean.\\n\\nTo cut the earth straight off the sides of the shaft, you have to lean the\\nshovel handle outward in a way that might seem uncomfortably far away from\\nyour body. However, you know that when you’re reaching for the handle, the\\nblade of the shovel is cutting straight down. It is usually around this point\\nin the hole where things go wrong with a rookie because they try to scoop\\ninstead of cut. Once you’ve sheared off the sides of the hole into the bottom,\\nthen you scoop out the loose fill.\\n\\nThat’s pretty much the mojo, although root, rock, clay and other obstructions\\nwill conspire to nudge you off course. Nudge them back.\\n\\nDigging the hole involves more cutting than scooping. After cutting the\\nstraight walls of the hole, scoop out the loose fill from the bottom.\\n\\nObstacles\\n\\nDigging a shaft is harder than most people think, and it takes almost nothing\\nto get off track. It’s kind of like swimming in a straight line under\\nwater—there’s nothing to gauge your progress against. A root or rocks can\\nknock even a skid-steer powered auger off line. To help keep the shaft\\nplunging straight down, I employ a whole battery of tools.\\n\\nDigging Bar. My primary go-to for layers of rock-hard clay, smallish rocks and\\nroots is my digging bar. It can pierce and puncture clay layers. I slam it\\ndown the edges of the shaft, then I use it to chew up the center of the hole.\\nI then return it to the edge of the hole and pry against the rim until I’m\\nthrough the clay. Rinse and repeat. And, unless you’ve got calluses on your\\ncalluses, wear gloves; this steel likes skin.\\n\\nThere’s also nothing more brutal on small roots than the digging bar blade.\\nKind of like a shear, I plunge the bar down into them. Sometimes I start at\\nthe edge of the root to get it cut, then take subsequent blows to get it out.\\n\\nThe bar can also pry rocks out from the edge of the shaft. And, if there is an\\nold footing down there, such as the edge of a sidewalk or rock that’ll\\nfracture, you can use the digging bar to delete those obstacles with lead-pipe\\nbrutality.\\n\\nHowever, when pounding down into the hole, make sure to try and keep the rim\\nintact. No matter what happens inside the hole, this is the control point.\\n\\nRecip Saw. Some roots are simply too big for a digging bar to cut through—and\\ntoo deep for a mattock (awesome root cutter) or axe—to get at. For those, I\\nclear as much dirt from around them as I can and cut them out using my recip\\nsaw. Expect dirt to blow up in your face from the saw’s exhaust, and for\\ntypical demo blades to gum up because the wood is so green. Skil’s Ugly blade,\\nwith its massive gullets and super sharp teeth, really evens the odds.\\n\\nJackhammer or Rotary Hammer. I’ve encountered dirt so hard that there is\\nsimply no other way through it than to go hardcore muscle. For those\\ninstances, an electric jackhammer can save the day. I’ve also found my way\\nthrough uber soil using my rotary hammer and a “spade” type bit. It breaks the\\nsoil up just like a jackhammer will, but with less power and more\\nmaneuverability. You can rent either tool easily.\\n\\nDepth\\n\\nTo meet structural requirements for inspections, whether you’re building a\\ndeck or dropping piers for an addition, the inspector not only wants to see\\nthe bottom of the hole, but that the bottom is far enough away from the top.\\nAn easy way to get a measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight\\nlike your shovel or hunk of 2-by so you can sink your tape and get a decent\\nreading.\\n\\nOnce the hole is deep enough and relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down\\nwith my feet. Every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work.\\n\\nAn easy way to get a depth measurement is to bridge the hole with something\\nstraight, like your shovel, so you can sink your tape and get a decent\\nreading.\\n\\nThe Bottom. Getting every fleck of dirt out of the hole isn’t really possible,\\nso once I’m deep enough and have made the bottom relatively flat, I jump in\\nand tamp it down with my feet. Trust me when I tell you that a hole bottom\\nthat is flat and free of debris makes positioning a post or tube significantly\\neasier. And every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work. Once they\\nstart seeing sloppy stuff, they’re extra vigilant. In other words, if you\\ncan’t get the hole right, what else is a mess?\\n\\nExtra Dirt and The Refill\\n\\nIn a landscaped yard dirt can co-mingle with the grass and be a mess to clean\\nup, especially on extended projects and/or if it rains. A sheet of plywood is\\na great bond-break between grass and dirt congealing around it. Sheet plastic\\nworks too, as long as you’re re-filling in 24 hours or so. And, on longer\\nprojects, it makes sense to cover the dirt pile with plastic to keep it dry so\\nit is easier to work when refilling.\\n\\nYou will have more dirt left over after the fact. The post, tube, concrete\\netc., all take up space—plus the dirt is entrained with air. There are a\\nnumber of techniques to refill the hole, all of which work with varying\\ndegrees of success.\\n\\nYou can tamp down the dirt as you refill it (with a tamper, the back of a\\ndigging bar or the head of a sledgehammer), but you have to be careful not to\\nmove the post as you pack dirt around it. You can also overfill the hole,\\nwhich will then sink down as water and gravity take effect. The top of the\\nhole may stay proud of the ground or sink below, so this one can be tricky.\\n\\nThe bottom line is that in order to build up, you have to dig in and dig down\\nfirst.\\n\\nSIDE NOTE 1\\n\\nMailbox Guidelines\\n\\nAccording to the Us Postal service, your local postmaster must approve the\\nlocation of your mailbox. This typically means that a roadside mailbox must be\\nlocated where a carrier can reach inside without leaving the truck. That means\\npositioning it about 41 to 45 in. off the ground and back about 6 to 8 in.\\nfrom the curb.\\n\\nSIDE NOTE 2\\n\\nPost-Hole Tools\\n\\nMy main post-hole tools are a spade, long-handled shovel, a digging bar and a\\ntape measure and/or level (for layout and depth measurement). You might notice\\nthere is no post-hole digger. Not only are they brutal to use (I have rarely\\nbeen as sore after a day behind a post-hole digger), but they either don’t cut\\na big enough hole, won’t cut through tough soil, or they don’t scoop out as\\nmuch dirt as I can get with my shovel. I’m not saying they don’t work, but\\nwhen you’re staring down a dozen 40-in. deep holes for a fence, any move you\\ncan save is a good move.\\n\\n## Recommended Articles\\n\\n## Free Newsletter Signup\\n\\nEnter e-mail address to subscribe and get latest updates and info.\\n\\n## EHT Spotlight\\n\\n### Fontanot Arke` Sky030 Spiral Staircase\\n\\nFontanot Arke` Stairs introduces the SKY030 spiral staircase. The SKY030 is\\nmanufactured in varnished steel with a particular treatment (Sendzimir\\nprocess) that consists of a hot-dipped galvanization and subsequent powder\\ncoated varnish. This process insures weather resistance and durability. The\\nfinal result is a staircase that is highly resistant to atmospheric elements.\\nIt can support temperatures ranging from -4°F to [...]\\n\\n## Hot Product\\n\\n### Milwaukee® M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw\\n\\nMilwaukee Tool unveils the next generation of legendary performance and\\ndurability with their newest M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw. Designed\\nfor the toughest applications on the jobsite, this is the fastest cutting\\nreciprocating saw in its class and the most durable SAWZALL® reciprocating saw\\nyet. Also available is a version with One-KeyTM which allows users to\\ncustomize performance for unrivaled [...]\\n\\n#### Top 12 Articles\\n\\n * 2020 Holiday Gift Guide\\n * Step-by-Step Outdoor Spiral Staircase Construction\\n * DIY Deck Building – Step by Step\\n * Coating a Countertop\\n * Protecting Outdoor Wood\\n * Cabinet Building Basics for DIY’ers\\n * How To Cut And Install Crown Molding And Trim\\n * Roof Framing 101\\n * How to Build Stairs—A DIY Guide\\n * Understanding House Framing\\n * Soffits Up Close\\n * Remodel with Prefinished Stair Treads\\n * Re-Laminate Your Countertops\\n * Build a Shadowbox Privacy Fence\\n * Install Plywood Underlayment for Vinyl Flooring\\n * Build a Retaining Wall\\n * Building a Drive-Thru Backyard Shed\\n\\n#### Categories\\n\\n * Automotive\\n * Construction How-To\\n * Basement\\n * Cabinet\\n * Countertops\\n * Demolition\\n * Doors\\n * Energy Efficiency\\n * Finish Carpentry\\n * Flooring Installation\\n * Framing\\n * Furniture\\n * Gutters\\n\\n * Lighting\\n * Molding\\n * Water Heaters\\n * Porches and Gazebos\\n * Railing\\n * Roofing\\n * Siding and Exterior\\n * Stairs\\n * Stone and Concrete\\n * Trim Carpentry\\n * Waterproofing\\n * Decorating\\n * DIY Questions and Answer\\n * DIY Projects\\n\\n * Floors\\n * Garages\\n * Windows & Doors\\n * Floors\\n * Hardwood\\n * Laminate and Engineered\\n * Tile\\n * Vinyl\\n * Heating & Air Conditioning\\n * Alternative Methods of Heating\\n * Alternative Heating & Fireplace Inserts\\n\\n * Radiant Heat\\n * Related Products\\n * Wood burning\\n * Outdoor Living\\n * Decks\\n * Fences\\n * Gardening\\n * Patios\\n * Porches and Gazebos\\n * Swimming Pool\\n * Plumbing\\n * PEX\\n * Shower Pan\\n * Water Heaters\\n\\n * Remodeling\\n * Bath\\n * Bedroom\\n * Kitchen\\n * Tools\\n * Cutting Tools\\n * Ladders\\n * Outdoor power equipment\\n * Painting\\n * Power Tools\\n * Windows & Doors\\n * Woodworking\\n * Videos\\n * Tool Reviews\\n * Directory\\n\\nCopyright 2020 Extreme How To. All Right Reserved.\\n\\nPrivacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423090644/https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Ever opened the garage door and can’t find anything, or fit the car in? The yard is cluttered with kids’ bikes and the snow shovels greet visitors at the door in the summer? Where to put it all?\",\n \"You need a shed! Everyone has a shed! They lean this way or that way, the door sticks, or the floor rots out. Some are wood, others plastic or steel, do-it- yourself or prebuilt. Where to start?\",\n \"The best place to start is the shed foundation. A proper base will support the type of shed you build or buy. What kind of foundation do you need? What are their pros and cons of each? What’s on-grade or permanent? Do you need a Building Permit? What will it all cost?\",\n \"This article about most popular shed foundations will help answer these questions. It’ll help you decide on the best foundation for your shed.\",\n \"Ever stood in your yard after it rains? Your feet get wet. The same thing happens to your shed. If it sits on the ground, it will get wet from the ground moisture. This will cause wood to rot and metal to rust. It will cause the contents of the shed to be damp.\",\n \"Additionally, the ground isn’t flat. Uneven ground makes doors stick and affects the stability of your shed. A foundation lifts your shed off the ground. It provides a stable and level base so the doors open, and your shed lasts longer.\",\n \"Before you begin any construction project, you should consult your local Building Inspector. If you don’t you could face fines and/or have to remove what you’ve built.\",\n \"Some communities have restrictions on the size and style of outbuildings (sheds). The Inspector will know the limits and are often a fountain of information. They will inform you about any setbacks or easements to respect.\",\n \"They should also be familiar with soil types in their local. If you need a Building Permit, they’ll let you know that too.\",\n \"An On-Grade shed foundation is one that sits on the ground. It can be a skid, gravel, patio stone, block or post, or even plastic construction. In 20 years you could remove your shed.\",\n \"Take the shed base out is as easy as putting it in, rake it over, plant grass seed, and it would disappear. A Permanent Foundation is just that, permanent.\",\n \"It’s a concrete slab, excavated block or poured wall, or concrete pier. In 20 years it will still need a lot of work to remove. The pros and cons of each are below.\",\n \"An easy shed foundation for the beginner and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds. A foundation of pavers sits on leveled exposed ground or a sand base. They provide a solid flat base upon which to build or set a shed and evenly support the floor.\",\n \"The bigger the paver, the heavier it is, but the fewer you need. Pavers are great on flat ground for smaller sheds of wood, metal, or plastic construction with or without a floor. Using pavers places the entry close to, or on the ground so good for riding lawn mowers or quads.\",\n \"Complexity: Easy Once the ground is level, pavers are easy to lay. If placed on the sand there’s an extra step leveling before putting the pavers. Sand does make it easier to level the pavers too.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $100.00-$200.00 The cost of pavers depends on their size, color and shape. Some large pavers are available with steel mesh inside them but are more expensive. I prefer 24”x24” or 24”x30” (heavier but cover more). Adding a sand layer increases the cost too.\",\n \"A relatively easy foundation for the beginner and a good base for any sized shed. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Concrete blocks are square or rectangular in shape.\",\n \"Only use solid-concrete blocks. They sit on the ground and need to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions and ground slope dictate how many blocks you need.\",\n \"The sloped ground may need stacked blocks to form a tower level with other block towers. Support the corners and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy equipment) and the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 blocks, more if you use towers for leveling.\",\n \"Complexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the foundation blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the blocks with each other and squaring the corners. The level of difficulty increases for sloped ground.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The cost of solid-concrete blocks depends on their size and shape. The number required will depend on the dimensions of the shed and the slope of the ground. How high off the ground you want the shed to be is also a factor.\",\n \"An excellent foundation for any size shed. It is also fairly easy for a novice DIYer. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Deck blocks are square based- pyramidal in shape.\",\n \"They have channels in the top for wooden framing. They sit on the ground and need to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions determine the number of blocks you need.\",\n \"Support each corner and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy equipment) and through the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 deck blocks – 3 per long side. Good for flat lot, not slopes.\",\n \"Great for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages. Places the shed closer to the ground; so easy access for lawn mowers or quads.\",\n \"Complexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the deck blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the deck blocks to each other and squaring the corners.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 Deck blocks and patio stones are similar in price. The number required is less though and depends on the dimensions of the shed.\",\n \"A relatively easy foundation for any size shed and great for ready-made or home built sheds. The size makes this more difficult for the novice DIYer.\",\n \"The gravel pad and timber frame foundation is good for the flat ground. Use pit-run or 1”-crusher run gravel. It has smaller particles in it and packs into a more stable base.\",\n \"Compact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel level. The pad is on the ground and should be 2’ wider and longer than your shed.\",\n \"Remove the sod and/or cover it with garden cloth, then spread out and tamp down the gravel. It should be 4”-6” thick and level. Shed dimensions dictate how large an area you need.\",\n \"Use a half-lap joint where the timbers meet. Square the corners and level the lumber with each other. Drill the joints and hammer a length of rebar through into the ground.\",\n \"Complexity: Relatively Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level gravel layer. Leveling the 4”x4’s to each other and squaring the corners are the difficult steps for this foundation.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $200.00 – $400.00 The cost of gravel fluctuates with location. Rolls of garden cloth often go on sale. The amount of gravel and the number of 4”x4”s depends on the dimensions of the shed.\",\n \"If you need to add a second layer of pressure treated lumber use galvanized spikes to join them to the layer below\",\n \"A skid foundation is a quick and easy way to support a shed and easy for even the beginner to build. We’re not talking commercial delivery skids. It comprises of 2 or more pressure treated 4”x4”s, 6”x6”s, 8”x8”s or even logs laid parallel to support the length of the building.\",\n \"The shed sits on and is evenly supported by, the skids. The skids, also called runners, usually sit directly on the ground. This means you want relatively flat terrain.\",\n \"Historically, the skids meant the shed could be skidded to another location. It is a good idea to dig a trench where the skids will lay, then tamp in gravel ensuring the surface is level and drained.\",\n \"This will help protect the wood and make leveling easier. The trench should be wider and longer than your skid. I helped move a 10’x30’ cabin built 90+ years ago on log skids. We used ropes and a half to truck; the 100 yard move was easier than expected.\",\n \"Complexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level gravel layer. The difficult steps are leveling the skids themselves and to each other.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The amount of gravel (if used), plus the dimension and number of skids (determined by the shed size), affect the cost.\",\n \"A newer type of foundation made from recycled material. It’s easy for the beginner to put together and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds.\",\n \"It sits directly on the ground, so the flat ground is best. It is similar to concrete paver construction, but much lighter. The ground preparation is easy, ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.\",\n \"Once the ground is level, roll out the garden cloth. Place the interlocking grid blocks, connect together, and level. The blocks can even be cut to size with a hand saw.\",\n \"Once the base is level, fill the open grid with pea gravel. The base should be the same dimensions as your shed, but can be wider.\",\n \"The grid holds the pea gravel in place and allows moisture to percolate through. The grid also helps keep the base of the shed drier than concrete pavers.\",\n \"The plastic grid can be used for sheds with or without floors and provides even support for floors. Ideal for use with riding lawn mowers or other wheeled equipment as it sits on or close to ground level. Available here.\",\n \"Complexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections a sand layer. The difficult steps are leveling the grids themselves and to each other.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $150.00 – $300.00 The amount of pea gravel, garden cloth, and number of grids affect the cost of construction.\",\n \"They can be used for the manufactured shed, or to support other small sheds of the same size. It’s easy for the beginner to put together.\",\n \"It sits on the ground which means you need a flat area. The foundation pieces may also be lighter weight for moving around.\",\n \"The ground preparation is easy too. Ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.\",\n \"Prepare the ground. Place the foundation pieces (following the Manufacturer’s instructions), connect together, and level. The base should be the same dimensions as your shed.\",\n \"Complexity: Easy Leveling the ground and manufactured foundation are the difficult steps for this foundation. Reading and interpreting the instructions can be difficult too.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $50.00 – $100.00 The cost of the kit, garden cloth, plus any required materials, set the cost (see today's price here).\",\n \"An excellent foundation for any shed size, but more difficult to build. Good for home built sheds and some prefab.\",\n \"The holes should have 6”s of gravel in the bottom for drainage. There are plastic pier forms which can be set into an excavation dug to the frost line. They are then buried and filled with concrete (after being plumbed and leveled).\",\n \"The most common though are cardboard tubes. They are placed into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place. Backfill the space around the tube, then fill with concrete.\",\n \"All the tubes/forms need to be in aligned in their exact location on the string line. The piers need to line up with the framing they will attach to and support.\",\n \"Each pier should extend at least 6” above ground level, but can extend higher if desired. The top of the piers should be level with each other.\",\n \"Pressure treated 4”x4” (6”x6”, 8”x8”) posts can sit on top of the piers to provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams.\",\n \"Before the concrete hardens in the piers, set pier or post ties and align in place. Shed dimensions determine the number of piers you need. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 piers – 3 per long side.\",\n \"Once the piers have cured, beams can be set in place on the piers (or pier and post) and leveled with shims.\",\n \"Complexity: Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the piers extend above the ground. Making the piers level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 The poured concrete, number of tubes/forms, pier or post ties, plus dimension lumber for beams all affect the cost. The number of concrete piers required will depend on the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.\",\n \"A great foundation for any size shed: ready-made or home-built, a garage, or even a 2 story house. The different steps are what make this more difficult for the novice DIYer, and it’s a more difficult foundation to build.\",\n \"Shed dimensions dictate how large an area you need. The finished slab is strong enough to support vehicles and sits on the ground so it’s easy to drive in to. Ensure you have access to the concrete truck, or you may need a pumper truck or crane at added expense.\",\n \"This is NOT a step-by-step for making a concrete slab. It identifies many of the steps you need to become knowledgeable about.\",\n \"Set the 4 corner stakes, ensuring the corners are square. Use a string line and level to determine ground slopes. The more slope, the more material to move. If built on solid, well-drained soil your slab will last longer.\",\n \"Remove the sod and top 4” – 6” of soil creating a level base. Using 2”x12”s to form the perimeter; stake the corners and adjust so they are square and level. The thickness of concrete and gravel determines how high the forms need to be.\",\n \"4”-6” of concrete on 6”-8”s gravel places your forms several inches off the ground. If placing rigid foam under the concrete pad you’ll need to raise the forms higher. If you want a 4” or 6” thick concrete pad, then the tamped gravel needs to level out 4” or 6”s below the top of the forms.\",\n \"Once the forms are in place, they should be vertically braced and the top diagonally braced every 2 feet. Spread the 6” – 8” of gravel to fill the pad (You may need engineered gravel). Compact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel base level.\",\n \"The perimeter of your gravel pad should slope downward to 2”s thick of gravel for the outside 12”s of the perimeter. This makes a footing which helps support the walls of your building.\",\n \"Cover the pad with 6 mil plastic (poly) sheet to help keep moisture out of your concrete pad once it sets. Use 1⁄2” rebar in the perimeter and lay a 4’ grid of rebar on the gravel pad. Bend it at the perimeter to connect with the perimeter rebar.\",\n \"You can use 6”x6” steel mesh instead of the rebar grid. Use blocks or rebar rests to lift the rebar off the poly. You’re now ready to pour, screed, vibrate the perimeter, and finish the pad surface as desired – smooth, glossy, or brushed.\",\n \"If attaching a sill plate, place anchor bolts every 4 feet around the perimeter before the concrete hardens (not in doorways). You may need expansion grooves cut in too depending on the size of the concrete foundation.\",\n \"If it looks like rain, cover with plastic to protect the surface. Once the concrete is cured (24 hours), remove the forms. Before you backfill you may want to address any drainage issues.\",\n \"Complexity: Difficult There are many steps to this type of foundation. It is a permanent foundation, so mistakes are permanent.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $2500.00 – $4000.00 (for a 300sqft pad) The cost of materials will vary with location. Equipment rentals/hires and Building Code requirements also add to the cost.\",\n \"Use deck screws instead of nails to hold the forms; easier to make adjustments and to dismantle at the end of the project\",\n \"This is a good foundation for any size shed; home built or prefab. It is similar to the concrete pier construction but more forgiving.\",\n \"It uses 6”x6” or 8”x8” pressure treated posts placed in holes dug or drilled into the ground to the frost line (or bedrock). Only dig down as far as you need, the posts should sit on undisturbed soil. The holes should have gravel in the bottom for drainage.\",\n \"You can mix and pour a bag of concrete into each hole too. The posts are placed into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place, then backfilled and tamped. Leave the packed soil mounded around the post.\",\n \"All the posts need to be in the exact location to line up with the framing they will attach to and support. Each post can extend several feet above ground level. The top of the posts can be leveled with each other after they are all set. They provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams to sit on.\",\n \"Cut the posts level with each other, then notch for the beams (make sure to notch the correct side of each post).\",\n \"Shed dimensions determine the number of posts you need. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 posts – 3 per long side. Once the posts are notched, place the beam in place, drill holes for carriage bolts, and bolt into place.\",\n \"Diagonal braces should be attached between the posts to beam for lateral support. Good for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages.\",\n \"Complexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the posts extend above the ground. Making the posts level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 Gravel, concrete, number and dimensions of posts, and beams all affect the cost. The number posts required will depend on the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost. How high off the ground you want the shed to be must also be considered.\",\n \"This is a good foundation for any size shed or house; home built or prefab. Great for any soil type too.\",\n \"It is similar to concrete pier and post and beam construction. The screw piles are galvanized steel posts with a screw end. They come in a choice of lengths and diameters. Some need a small excavator with a special attachment to screw them into the ground to the frost line.\",\n \"Other types use a special handheld powered screwdriver – hope you have strong wrists. The screw helps to prevent vertical frost lift. There is also minimal settling since the soil is undisturbed by digging.\",\n \"Once in place, attach the beams and joists and build on. Suitable for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any type material.\",\n \"Complexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the posts extend above the ground. Making the piles level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty. This becomes Easy if you hire a certified installer and get a guarantee.\",\n \"Construction Cost: $500.00 – $1000.00 The screw piles, a method of installation, and the lumber for the beams affect the cost. The number piles required will depend on the dimensions of the building. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.\",\n \"Your choice of foundation is an important decision. It helps keep your shed level and dry, and provides a stable base for it. All extend the life of your storage shed.\",\n \"Most on-grade shed foundations are easier to build and don’t need a lot of special tools or expertise. Select the one that fits the type of shed you want it to support, and the location you want it to in. Your Building Inspector can answer many of your questions too.\",\n \"Permanent foundations tend to be more complicated and may need more ability. This doesn’t mean you can’t do it; it means you need to become more knowledgeable about your choice of foundation. Always involve the Building Inspector with all permanent foundations.\",\n \"Base your choice on the size and type of shed you want to build. What you’re going to store in it, what the location requires, and your budget also affects your decision. A small shed has different requirements than a large one. The open bottom or built-in floor, sloped or flat ground, all affect your choice.\",\n \"Your comments are appreciated. If you know someone who is thinking about building a shed foundation, share with them if you liked it.\",\n \"Eugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking.\",\n \"Hi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have built two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool stuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\",\n \"© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA Policy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n# 11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)\\n\\n19661shares\\n\\n * Share\\n * Pin\\n\\nLast updated October 7, 2020\\n\\nEver opened the garage door and can’t find anything, or fit the car in? The\\nyard is cluttered with kids’ bikes and the snow shovels greet visitors at the\\ndoor in the summer? Where to put it all?\\n\\nYou need a shed! Everyone has a shed! They lean this way or that way, the door\\nsticks, or the floor rots out. Some are wood, others plastic or steel, do-it-\\nyourself or prebuilt. Where to start?\\n\\nThe best place to start is the shed foundation. A proper base will support the\\ntype of shed you build or buy. What kind of foundation do you need? What are\\ntheir pros and cons of each? What’s on-grade or permanent? Do you need a\\nBuilding Permit? What will it all cost?\\n\\nThis article about most popular shed foundations will help answer these\\nquestions. It’ll help you decide on the best foundation for your shed.\\n\\nQuick Navigation\\n\\n * Does My Shed Need a Foundation?\\n * Contact Your Local Building Inspector\\n * On-Grade vs Permanent Shed Foundation\\n * Popular Types of Foundations Used for Sheds\\n\\n * #1 Shed Foundation with Concrete Pavers\\n * #2 Solid Concrete Blocks\\n * #3 Deck Blocks\\n * #4 Gravel Pad and Timber Frame\\n * #5 Skid Foundations\\n * #6 Plastic Foundations (or Plastic Garden Shed Base Grid)\\n * #7 Kit from Manufacturer\\n * #8 Concrete Piers and Beams Foundation for a Shed\\n * #9 Concrete Slab – Best Shed Foundation\\n * #10 Post and Beams\\n * #11 Screw Piles\\n * How to Choose the Right Foundation for My Shed?\\n\\n## Does My Shed Need a Foundation?\\n\\nEver stood in your yard after it rains? Your feet get wet. The same thing\\nhappens to your shed. If it sits on the ground, it will get wet from the\\nground moisture. This will cause wood to rot and metal to rust. It will cause\\nthe contents of the shed to be damp.\\n\\nAdditionally, the ground isn’t flat. Uneven ground makes doors stick and\\naffects the stability of your shed. A foundation lifts your shed off the\\nground. It provides a stable and level base so the doors open, and your shed\\nlasts longer.\\n\\n## Contact Your Local Building Inspector\\n\\nBefore you begin any construction project, you should consult your local\\nBuilding Inspector. If you don’t you could face fines and/or have to remove\\nwhat you’ve built.\\n\\nSome communities have restrictions on the size and style of outbuildings\\n(sheds). The Inspector will know the limits and are often a fountain of\\ninformation. They will inform you about any setbacks or easements to respect.\\n\\nThey should also be familiar with soil types in their local. If you need a\\nBuilding Permit, they’ll let you know that too.\\n\\n## On-Grade vs Permanent Shed Foundation\\n\\nAn On-Grade shed foundation is one that sits on the ground. It can be a skid,\\ngravel, patio stone, block or post, or even plastic construction. In 20 years\\nyou could remove your shed.\\n\\nTake the shed base out is as easy as putting it in, rake it over, plant grass\\nseed, and it would disappear. A Permanent Foundation is just that, permanent.\\n\\nIt’s a concrete slab, excavated block or poured wall, or concrete pier. In 20\\nyears it will still need a lot of work to remove. The pros and cons of each\\nare below.\\n\\n## Popular Types of Foundations Used for Sheds\\n\\nOn-grade Shed Foundations\\n\\n### #1 Shed Foundation with Concrete Pavers\\n\\nAn easy shed foundation for the beginner and good for prebuilt or a home built\\nsheds. A foundation of pavers sits on leveled exposed ground or a sand base.\\nThey provide a solid flat base upon which to build or set a shed and evenly\\nsupport the floor.\\n\\nThe bigger the paver, the heavier it is, but the fewer you need. Pavers are\\ngreat on flat ground for smaller sheds of wood, metal, or plastic construction\\nwith or without a floor. Using pavers places the entry close to, or on the\\nground so good for riding lawn mowers or quads.\\n\\nComplexity: Easy Once the ground is level, pavers are easy to lay. If placed\\non the sand there’s an extra step leveling before putting the pavers. Sand\\ndoes make it easier to level the pavers too.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $100.00-$200.00 The cost of pavers depends on their size,\\ncolor and shape. Some large pavers are available with steel mesh inside them\\nbut are more expensive. I prefer 24”x24” or 24”x30” (heavier but cover more).\\nAdding a sand layer increases the cost too.\\n\\nPro Tips:\\n\\n * Throughout the build, check your levels.\\n * Use sand to make leveling easier.\\n * Garden cloth under the pavers helps reduce weeds coming up in the cracks.\\n * Don’t make it larger than the shed base as roof run-off can pool and seep into your shed.\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Available in several colors, shapes and sizes\\n * Quick and easy install\\n * Continuous support of shed floor, or makes a good floor\\n * Can secure shed/walls to pavers\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * Can settle into the soil over time\\n * Pavers become uneven to each other\\n * Can crack with heavy loads\\n * Not suitable for large sheds\\n\\nLay Shed Foundation With Paving Slabs\\n\\n### #2 Solid Concrete Blocks\\n\\nImage courtesy of finehomebuilding.com\\n\\nA relatively easy foundation for the beginner and a good base for any sized\\nshed. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Concrete blocks are square or\\nrectangular in shape.\\n\\nOnly use solid-concrete blocks. They sit on the ground and need to be level,\\nand level with each other. Shed dimensions and ground slope dictate how many\\nblocks you need.\\n\\nThe sloped ground may need stacked blocks to form a tower level with other\\nblock towers. Support the corners and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer\\nif for heavy equipment) and the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6\\nblocks, more if you use towers for leveling.\\n\\nComplexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the\\nfoundation blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the blocks with each other\\nand squaring the corners. The level of difficulty increases for sloped ground.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The cost of solid-concrete blocks depends\\non their size and shape. The number required will depend on the dimensions of\\nthe shed and the slope of the ground. How high off the ground you want the\\nshed to be is also a factor.\\n\\nPro Tips:\\n\\n * Suitable for flat yard or slopes with a difference of 24” or less for the run of the shed\\n * Always re-check your levels as you build your shed foundation. Great for use with any shed material\\n * Use for sheds, cabins and cottages\\n * Not ideal for heavy machinery due to structural weight bearing and possible vibration issues\\n * The floor isn’t fully supported and vibrations can cause block towers to shift\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Available in several shapes and sizes (12”x12”x4”, 4”x 8”x16”, 2”x8”x16”)\\n * Quick and easy to install\\n * Easy to stack and level\\n * Good for small or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\\n * The distance between blocks is not supported\\n * Not suitable for slopes of greater than 24”\\n\\nBuild Shed Foundation with Concrete Blocks\\n\\n### #3 Deck Blocks\\n\\nAn excellent foundation for any size shed. It is also fairly easy for a novice\\nDIYer. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Deck blocks are square based-\\npyramidal in shape.\\n\\nThey have channels in the top for wooden framing. They sit on the ground and\\nneed to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions determine the\\nnumber of blocks you need.\\n\\nSupport each corner and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy\\nequipment) and through the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 deck blocks\\n– 3 per long side. Good for flat lot, not slopes.\\n\\nGreat for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages.\\nPlaces the shed closer to the ground; so easy access for lawn mowers or quads.\\n\\nNot ideal for heavy machinery due to structural weight bearing as the floor\\nisn’t fully supported.\\n\\nComplexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the deck\\nblocks. The difficult steps are leveling the deck blocks to each other and\\nsquaring the corners.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 Deck blocks and patio stones are similar in\\nprice. The number required is less though and depends on the dimensions of the\\nshed.\\n\\nPro Tip: Remember to check your levels as you build.\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Quick and easy to install\\n * Easy to leveled\\n * Good for small or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * Can sink over time\\n * The distance between blocks is not supported\\n * Not good for sloped surface\\n\\nBuild Shed Base with Deck Blocks\\n\\n### #4 Gravel Pad and Timber Frame\\n\\nImage courtesy of Classic Buildings\\n\\nA relatively easy foundation for any size shed and great for ready-made or\\nhome built sheds. The size makes this more difficult for the novice DIYer.\\n\\nThe gravel pad and timber frame foundation is good for the flat ground. Use\\npit-run or 1”-crusher run gravel. It has smaller particles in it and packs\\ninto a more stable base.\\n\\nCompact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel\\nlevel. The pad is on the ground and should be 2’ wider and longer than your\\nshed.\\n\\nRemove the sod and/or cover it with garden cloth, then spread out and tamp\\ndown the gravel. It should be 4”-6” thick and level. Shed dimensions dictate\\nhow large an area you need.\\n\\nPlace pressure treated 4”x4” (or 4”x6”, 6”x6”) timbers on the gravel in the\\nsame dimensions as the shed.\\n\\nUse a half-lap joint where the timbers meet. Square the corners and level the\\nlumber with each other. Drill the joints and hammer a length of rebar through\\ninto the ground.\\n\\nComplexity: Relatively Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections\\nunder the level gravel layer. Leveling the 4”x4’s to each other and squaring\\nthe corners are the difficult steps for this foundation.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $400.00 The cost of gravel fluctuates with\\nlocation. Rolls of garden cloth often go on sale. The amount of gravel and the\\nnumber of 4”x4”s depends on the dimensions of the shed.\\n\\nPro Tips:\\n\\n * A 6” gravel thickness is better than 4”\\n * The gravel base has to be level\\n * If you need to add a second layer of pressure treated lumber use galvanized spikes to join them to the layer below\\n * Recommend pre-drilling so it’s easier to nail\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Quick and easy to install\\n * Easy to leveled\\n * Shed is on or close to land level\\n * Use with sheds with or without a floor\\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot\\n * May need a drainage ditch\\n * May need a retaining wall to hold gravel in place\\n * Not suitable for sloped yard\\n\\nBuild Gravel Pad Foundation for a Shed\\n\\nRelated: Popular Roof Styles for Sheds (With Pictures)\\n\\n### #5 Skid Foundations\\n\\nImage courtesy of Shed to House\\n\\nA skid foundation is a quick and easy way to support a shed and easy for even\\nthe beginner to build. We’re not talking commercial delivery skids. It\\ncomprises of 2 or more pressure treated 4”x4”s, 6”x6”s, 8”x8”s or even logs\\nlaid parallel to support the length of the building.\\n\\nThe shed sits on and is evenly supported by, the skids. The skids, also called\\nrunners, usually sit directly on the ground. This means you want relatively\\nflat terrain.\\n\\nHistorically, the skids meant the shed could be skidded to another location.\\nIt is a good idea to dig a trench where the skids will lay, then tamp in\\ngravel ensuring the surface is level and drained.\\n\\nThis will help protect the wood and make leveling easier. The trench should be\\nwider and longer than your skid. I helped move a 10’x30’ cabin built 90+ years\\nago on log skids. We used ropes and a half to truck; the 100 yard move was\\neasier than expected.\\n\\nComplexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level\\ngravel layer. The difficult steps are leveling the skids themselves and to\\neach other.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The amount of gravel (if used), plus the\\ndimension and number of skids (determined by the shed size), affect the cost.\\n\\nPro Tips:\\n\\n * A 6” gravel thickness in the trench is better than 4”\\n * The gravel has to be level\\n * The bigger the shed, the bigger the skid dimension should be\\n * You can use 2”x6” or 2”x8”s nailed together and sitting on the edge\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Quick and easy to install\\n * Easy to leveled\\n * Shed is movable\\n * Shed is on or close to land surface\\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot\\n * Not suitable for sloped lot\\n\\nBuild Shed Base and Floor on Skids\\n\\n### #6 Plastic Foundations (or Plastic Garden Shed Base Grid)\\n\\nPlastic Shed Base Kit\\n\\nA newer type of foundation made from recycled material. It’s easy for the\\nbeginner to put together and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds.\\n\\nIt sits directly on the ground, so the flat ground is best. It is similar to\\nconcrete paver construction, but much lighter. The ground preparation is easy,\\nensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.\\n\\nOnce the ground is level, roll out the garden cloth. Place the interlocking\\ngrid blocks, connect together, and level. The blocks can even be cut to size\\nwith a hand saw.\\n\\nOnce the base is level, fill the open grid with pea gravel. The base should be\\nthe same dimensions as your shed, but can be wider.\\n\\nThe grid holds the pea gravel in place and allows moisture to percolate\\nthrough. The grid also helps keep the base of the shed drier than concrete\\npavers.\\n\\nThe plastic grid can be used for sheds with or without floors and provides\\neven support for floors. Ideal for use with riding lawn mowers or other\\nwheeled equipment as it sits on or close to ground level. Available here.\\n\\nComplexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections a sand layer.\\nThe difficult steps are leveling the grids themselves and to each other.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $150.00 – $300.00 The amount of pea gravel, garden cloth,\\nand number of grids affect the cost of construction.\\n\\nPro Tip: Use sand level the ground. Remember to recheck for level as you work.\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Quick and easy to install\\n * Easy leveled\\n * Shed is on or close to the land level\\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * May sink over time\\n * Not widely available\\n * Not good for sloped ground\\n\\n### #7 Kit from Manufacturer\\n\\nArrow FDN1014 Storage Shed Base Kit\\n\\nSome small shed manufacturers offer foundation kits for their sheds.\\nFoundation kits are available in various styles.\\n\\nThey can be used for the manufactured shed, or to support other small sheds of\\nthe same size. It’s easy for the beginner to put together.\\n\\nIt sits on the ground which means you need a flat area. The foundation pieces\\nmay also be lighter weight for moving around.\\n\\nThe ground preparation is easy too. Ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any\\ndepressions and remove high spots.\\n\\nPrepare the ground. Place the foundation pieces (following the Manufacturer’s\\ninstructions), connect together, and level. The base should be the same\\ndimensions as your shed.\\n\\nYou may have to purchase other required materials to complete some\\nmanufactured foundations.\\n\\nComplexity: Easy Leveling the ground and manufactured foundation are the\\ndifficult steps for this foundation. Reading and interpreting the instructions\\ncan be difficult too.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $50.00 – $100.00 The cost of the kit, garden cloth, plus\\nany required materials, set the cost (see today's price here).\\n\\nPro Tips:\\n\\n * Use sand to level the ground and place garden cloth down before putting the foundation down\\n * Remember to recheck for level as you work\\n * Tighten all bolts/screws before they disappear under other structural materials.\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Quick and easy to install\\n * Easy to level\\n * Shed is on or close to ground level for easy access\\n * Good for smaller sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * May sink over time\\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot/rusting\\n * Not good for sloped ground\\n * Often requires other materials be purchased\\n\\nPermanent Foundations\\n\\nAlways check with the Building Inspector before beginning any permanent\\nfoundation.\\n\\n### #8 Concrete Piers and Beams Foundation for a Shed\\n\\nImage courtesy of Green Button Homes, LLC\\n\\nAn excellent foundation for any shed size, but more difficult to build. Good\\nfor home built sheds and some prefab.\\n\\nThe piers are concrete poured into holes dug or drilled into the ground to the\\nfrost line (or bedrock).\\n\\nThe holes should have 6”s of gravel in the bottom for drainage. There are\\nplastic pier forms which can be set into an excavation dug to the frost line.\\nThey are then buried and filled with concrete (after being plumbed and\\nleveled).\\n\\nThe most common though are cardboard tubes. They are placed into the holes,\\nplumbed level and secured in place. Backfill the space around the tube, then\\nfill with concrete.\\n\\nAll the tubes/forms need to be in aligned in their exact location on the\\nstring line. The piers need to line up with the framing they will attach to\\nand support.\\n\\nEach pier should extend at least 6” above ground level, but can extend higher\\nif desired. The top of the piers should be level with each other.\\n\\nPressure treated 4”x4” (6”x6”, 8”x8”) posts can sit on top of the piers to\\nprovide a level surface for the pressure treated beams.\\n\\nBefore the concrete hardens in the piers, set pier or post ties and align in\\nplace. Shed dimensions determine the number of piers you need. An 8’x12’ shed\\nwould use 6 piers – 3 per long side.\\n\\nOnce the piers have cured, beams can be set in place on the piers (or pier and\\npost) and leveled with shims.\\n\\nSuitable for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material. Use\\nfor sheds, cabins and cottages.\\n\\nComplexity: Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the piers\\nextend above the ground. Making the piers level vertically and horizontally\\nincreases the level of difficulty.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 The poured concrete, number of\\ntubes/forms, pier or post ties, plus dimension lumber for beams all affect the\\ncost. The number of concrete piers required will depend on the dimensions of\\nthe shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also\\nfactors that affect the cost.\\n\\nPro Tips::\\n\\n * Re-check your horizontal and vertical levels\\n * Triple check that the 4 corner posts remain square\\n * Set the 4 corners first, it makes it easier to square and level the other piers\\n * Good helpers are an asset.\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Great for most soil conditions\\n * Exceptional for areas that experience frost\\n * Provide a permanent level base\\n * Good for small or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * Little forgiveness for errors.\\n * The distance between piers is not directly supported\\n * Difficult for the beginner\\n\\nBuild Pier Shed Foundation\\n\\n### #9 Concrete Slab – Best Shed Foundation\\n\\nA great foundation for any size shed: ready-made or home-built, a garage, or\\neven a 2 story house. The different steps are what make this more difficult\\nfor the novice DIYer, and it’s a more difficult foundation to build.\\n\\nShed dimensions dictate how large an area you need. The finished slab is\\nstrong enough to support vehicles and sits on the ground so it’s easy to drive\\nin to. Ensure you have access to the concrete truck, or you may need a pumper\\ntruck or crane at added expense.\\n\\nThis is NOT a step-by-step for making a concrete slab. It identifies many of\\nthe steps you need to become knowledgeable about.\\n\\nSet the 4 corner stakes, ensuring the corners are square. Use a string line\\nand level to determine ground slopes. The more slope, the more material to\\nmove. If built on solid, well-drained soil your slab will last longer.\\n\\nRemove the sod and top 4” – 6” of soil creating a level base. Using 2”x12”s to\\nform the perimeter; stake the corners and adjust so they are square and level.\\nThe thickness of concrete and gravel determines how high the forms need to be.\\n\\n4”-6” of concrete on 6”-8”s gravel places your forms several inches off the\\nground. If placing rigid foam under the concrete pad you’ll need to raise the\\nforms higher. If you want a 4” or 6” thick concrete pad, then the tamped\\ngravel needs to level out 4” or 6”s below the top of the forms.\\n\\nOnce the forms are in place, they should be vertically braced and the top\\ndiagonally braced every 2 feet. Spread the 6” – 8” of gravel to fill the pad\\n(You may need engineered gravel). Compact the gravel using a gas powered\\ncompactor; working to keep the gravel base level.\\n\\nThe perimeter of your gravel pad should slope downward to 2”s thick of gravel\\nfor the outside 12”s of the perimeter. This makes a footing which helps\\nsupport the walls of your building.\\n\\nCover the pad with 6 mil plastic (poly) sheet to help keep moisture out of\\nyour concrete pad once it sets. Use 1⁄2” rebar in the perimeter and lay a 4’\\ngrid of rebar on the gravel pad. Bend it at the perimeter to connect with the\\nperimeter rebar.\\n\\nYou can use 6”x6” steel mesh instead of the rebar grid. Use blocks or rebar\\nrests to lift the rebar off the poly. You’re now ready to pour, screed,\\nvibrate the perimeter, and finish the pad surface as desired – smooth, glossy,\\nor brushed.\\n\\nIf attaching a sill plate, place anchor bolts every 4 feet around the\\nperimeter before the concrete hardens (not in doorways). You may need\\nexpansion grooves cut in too depending on the size of the concrete foundation.\\n\\nIf it looks like rain, cover with plastic to protect the surface. Once the\\nconcrete is cured (24 hours), remove the forms. Before you backfill you may\\nwant to address any drainage issues.\\n\\nComplexity: Difficult There are many steps to this type of foundation. It is a\\npermanent foundation, so mistakes are permanent.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $2500.00 – $4000.00 (for a 300sqft pad) The cost of\\nmaterials will vary with location. Equipment rentals/hires and Building Code\\nrequirements also add to the cost.\\n\\nPro Tips::\\n\\n * Hire an excavator to remove the soil and level the site\\n * Use a laser level to set the levels\\n * Use deck screws instead of nails to hold the forms; easier to make adjustments and to dismantle at the end of the project\\n * The forms can be used in the construction of your building, reducing cost and waste\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * A permanent foundation\\n * Will support heavy loads\\n * Shed is on or close to the surface of the land for easy access\\n * Use for sheds with or without a floor\\n * Great for smaller or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * Needs to be above freezing for pouring\\n * Can crack over time if ground slumps or shifts\\n * Risk of ground contact and rot if the ground slope is wrong\\n * May need a drainage ditch\\n * May require a retaining wall to hold slopes in place\\n * Not suitable for sloped site\\n\\nBuild Concrete Slab Shed Base\\n\\n### #10 Post and Beams\\n\\nImage courtesy of StorageBuildingsUnlimited\\n\\nThis is a good foundation for any size shed; home built or prefab. It is\\nsimilar to the concrete pier construction but more forgiving.\\n\\nIt uses 6”x6” or 8”x8” pressure treated posts placed in holes dug or drilled\\ninto the ground to the frost line (or bedrock). Only dig down as far as you\\nneed, the posts should sit on undisturbed soil. The holes should have gravel\\nin the bottom for drainage.\\n\\nYou can mix and pour a bag of concrete into each hole too. The posts are\\nplaced into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place, then backfilled and\\ntamped. Leave the packed soil mounded around the post.\\n\\nAll the posts need to be in the exact location to line up with the framing\\nthey will attach to and support. Each post can extend several feet above\\nground level. The top of the posts can be leveled with each other after they\\nare all set. They provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams to\\nsit on.\\n\\nCut the posts level with each other, then notch for the beams (make sure to\\nnotch the correct side of each post).\\n\\nShed dimensions determine the number of posts you need. An 8’x12’ shed would\\nuse 6 posts – 3 per long side. Once the posts are notched, place the beam in\\nplace, drill holes for carriage bolts, and bolt into place.\\n\\nDiagonal braces should be attached between the posts to beam for lateral\\nsupport. Good for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material.\\nUse for sheds, cabins and cottages.\\n\\nComplexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far\\nthe posts extend above the ground. Making the posts level vertically and\\nhorizontally increases the level of difficulty.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 Gravel, concrete, number and dimensions\\nof posts, and beams all affect the cost. The number posts required will depend\\non the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of\\nthe ground are also factors that affect the cost. How high off the ground you\\nwant the shed to be must also be considered.\\n\\nPro Tips::\\n\\n * Re-check your horizontal and vertical levels\\n * Triple check that the 4 corner posts remain square\\n * Set the 4 corners first, it makes it easier to square and level the other posts\\n * Good helpers are an asset\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Suitable for most soil conditions\\n * Excellent for areas that experience frost\\n * Provide a permanent level base\\n * Good for small or large sheds\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * A lot of planning for placement and leveling involved.\\n * The distance between posts is not directly supported\\n * Can be difficult for the beginner\\n\\n### #11 Screw Piles\\n\\nImage courtesy technometalpost.com\\n\\nThis is a good foundation for any size shed or house; home built or prefab.\\nGreat for any soil type too.\\n\\nIt is similar to concrete pier and post and beam construction. The screw piles\\nare galvanized steel posts with a screw end. They come in a choice of lengths\\nand diameters. Some need a small excavator with a special attachment to screw\\nthem into the ground to the frost line.\\n\\nOther types use a special handheld powered screwdriver – hope you have strong\\nwrists. The screw helps to prevent vertical frost lift. There is also minimal\\nsettling since the soil is undisturbed by digging.\\n\\nOnce in place, attach the beams and joists and build on. Suitable for flat\\nground or slopes. Great for use with any type material.\\n\\nComplexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far\\nthe posts extend above the ground. Making the piles level vertically and\\nhorizontally increases the level of difficulty. This becomes Easy if you hire\\na certified installer and get a guarantee.\\n\\nConstruction Cost: $500.00 – $1000.00 The screw piles, a method of\\ninstallation, and the lumber for the beams affect the cost. The number piles\\nrequired will depend on the dimensions of the building. The distance to the\\nfrost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.\\n\\nPro Tip: Hire an experienced certified installer with a guarantee.\\n\\nPros\\n\\n * Suitable for any soil conditions\\n * Excellent for areas that experience frost\\n * Provide a permanent level base for shed\\n * Good for small or large sheds\\n * A quick installation\\n\\nCons\\n\\n * requires specialized equipment or hired specialists.\\n * The distance between piles is not directly supported\\n\\n## How to Choose the Right Foundation for My Shed?\\n\\nYour choice of foundation is an important decision. It helps keep your shed\\nlevel and dry, and provides a stable base for it. All extend the life of your\\nstorage shed.\\n\\nMost on-grade shed foundations are easier to build and don’t need a lot of\\nspecial tools or expertise. Select the one that fits the type of shed you want\\nit to support, and the location you want it to in. Your Building Inspector can\\nanswer many of your questions too.\\n\\nPermanent foundations tend to be more complicated and may need more ability.\\nThis doesn’t mean you can’t do it; it means you need to become more\\nknowledgeable about your choice of foundation. Always involve the Building\\nInspector with all permanent foundations.\\n\\nBase your choice on the size and type of shed you want to build. What you’re\\ngoing to store in it, what the location requires, and your budget also affects\\nyour decision. A small shed has different requirements than a large one. The\\nopen bottom or built-in floor, sloped or flat ground, all affect your choice.\\n\\nHopefully, this article has provided you with information to make your\\ndecision easier.\\n\\nYour comments are appreciated. If you know someone who is thinking about\\nbuilding a shed foundation, share with them if you liked it.\\n\\nPlease make sure to check out my post about different shed roof styles.\\n\\nEugene Sokol\\n\\nEugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative\\nwhile inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home\\nimprovement, renovation and woodworking.\\n\\nHi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have\\nbuilt two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool\\nstuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\\n\\n© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA\\nPolicy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com\\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\\nto Amazon.com.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307053513/https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Shed Doors and Easy Ways to Build Them\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Shed doors can either be pre-hung or custom built. All the methods below are for homemade shed doors and are simple designs using basic materials.\",\n \"Here's one of the easiest ways I use to build double shed doors. You can use this method while installing your shed siding. Build up to 6' wide doors using this technique.\",\n \"Use this method to build your shed doors if you are siding your walls before standing them up. This is a little more complicated then the method listed above. When I built sheds professionally this is the method I used because it allowed me to already have my doors built and have them ready on the job site.\",\n \"This method is really simple and can be used for building small or large single swing shed doors up to 3' wide.\",\n \"A roll up shed door can be one of the best types of doors to install on your shed. You have to be careful though to frame your shed properly to accept this type of shed door.\",\n \"Check out this shed door hardware like 'D' Handles, strap hinges, barrel bolts, and even where to get metal to protect the floor where you walk into your shed.\",\n \"Need to anchor a wooden shed floor? Here's the method I use and is widely accepted for building codes across the country.\",\n \"Use these 12x22 barn shed with porch plans to build a neat shed home, small cabin, tiny house, or small cottage.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Shed Doors and Easy Ways to Build Them\\n\\nShedking\\n\\n * Learning Center\\n * Shed Materials Costs\\n * Customer Pictures\\n * Contact Us\\n\\nMenu\\n\\n * Home\\n * Customer Pictures\\n * Shed Building Guides\\n\\n * Planning\\n * Shed Foundation\\n * Building Shed Floors\\n * Shed Wall Framing\\n * Building Shed Doors\\n * Shed Roof Framing\\n * Types of Siding\\n * Adding Shed Windows\\n * Building Shed Lofts\\n * Building a Shed Ramp\\n * Shed Designs\\n * Shed Ideas\\n * Plans\\n\\n * Shed Plans\\n * Barn Shed Plans\\n * Lean to Sheds\\n * Garden Shed Plans\\n * Firewood Shed Plans\\n * Cupola Plans\\n * Shed Truss Plans\\n * Chicken Coop Plans\\n * Shed Home Plans\\n * Free Building Manuals\\n * Gable Shed Building Guide\\n * Barn Shed Building Guide\\n * Lean To Building Guide\\n * Neat Shed Stuff\\n\\n * Shed Door Hardware\\n * Shed Materials Costs\\n * Shed Materials List\\n * 3d Construction Models\\n * Shed Building Tools\\n * Building Tips\\n * Shed Construction\\n * Welcome\\n\\n * About Me\\n * Contact Me\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * What's New!\\n\\n# Shed Doors and How to Build Them\\n\\nShed doors can either be pre-hung or custom built. All the methods below are\\nfor homemade shed doors and are simple designs using basic materials.\\n\\n## Building Double Shed Doors\\n\\nHere's one of the easiest ways I use to build double shed doors. You can use\\nthis method while installing your shed siding. Build up to 6' wide doors using\\nthis technique.\\n\\nLearn more here.\\n\\n## Another Shed Door Building Method\\n\\nAnother Easy Method for Building Your Double Shed Doors\\n\\nUse this method to build your shed doors if you are siding your walls before\\nstanding them up. This is a little more complicated then the method listed\\nabove. When I built sheds professionally this is the method I used because it\\nallowed me to already have my doors built and have them ready on the job site.\\n\\nHere's the construction guide for you.\\n\\n## Building Single Shed Doors\\n\\nHow To Build a Single Shed Door\\n\\nThis method is really simple and can be used for building small or large\\nsingle swing shed doors up to 3' wide.\\n\\nCheck out this construction guide for building a single shed door.\\n\\n## Adding a Roll Up Shed Door\\n\\nAdding A Roll Up Shed Door\\n\\nA roll up shed door can be one of the best types of doors to install on your\\nshed. You have to be careful though to frame your shed properly to accept this\\ntype of shed door.\\n\\nHere's more info on adding a roll up shed door.\\n\\n## Shed Door Hardware\\n\\nHardware For Your Shed Doors\\n\\nCheck out this shed door hardware like 'D' Handles, strap hinges, barrel\\nbolts, and even where to get metal to protect the floor where you walk into\\nyour shed.\\n\\nYou can find them here along with other hardware for shed doors.\\n\\n * Home\\n * Customer Pictures\\n\\n### Shed Building Guides\\n\\n * Planning\\n * Shed Foundation\\n * Building Shed Floors\\n * Shed Wall Framing\\n * Building Shed Doors\\n * Shed Roof Framing\\n * Types of Siding\\n * Adding Shed Windows\\n * Building Shed Lofts\\n * Building a Shed Ramp\\n * Shed Designs\\n * Shed Ideas\\n\\n### Plans\\n\\n * Shed Plans\\n * Barn Shed Plans\\n * Lean to Sheds\\n * Garden Shed Plans\\n * Firewood Shed Plans\\n * Cupola Plans\\n * Shed Truss Plans\\n * Chicken Coop Plans\\n * Shed Home Plans\\n\\n### Free Building Manuals\\n\\n * Gable Shed Building Guide\\n * Barn Shed Building Guide\\n * Lean To Building Guide\\n\\n### Neat Shed Stuff\\n\\n * Shed Door Hardware\\n * Shed Materials Costs\\n * Shed Materials List\\n * 3d Construction Models\\n * Shed Building Tools\\n * Building Tips\\n * Shed Construction\\n\\n### Welcome\\n\\n * About Me\\n * Contact Me\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * What's New!\\n\\nMy You Tube Videos\\n\\n###\\n\\nEasy To Use Shed Plans (30% Off Sale)\\n\\nBarn Shed Plans\\n\\nGable Shed Plans\\n\\nSaltbox Shed Plans\\n\\nAll Plans Come With...\\n\\n * Detailed Building Guide\\n * Blueprints\\n * Materials List\\n * Free Cupola Plan\\n * Email Support\\n * Instant .pdf Download\\n\\n### Amazing sheds built by my customers..\\n\\nSee Their Pictures\\n\\nDo you like this site? Let me know click the button!\\n\\n## Recent Articles\\n\\n 1. ### Trusses For 2 Story Shed Plans\\n\\nMar 06, 21 09:36 AM\\n\\n2 story shed truss plans providing lots of headroom in the loft area.\\n\\nRead More\\n\\n 2. ### Anchoring a Wooden Shed Floor\\n\\nMar 06, 21 08:34 AM\\n\\nNeed to anchor a wooden shed floor? Here's the method I use and is widely\\naccepted for building codes across the country.\\n\\nRead More\\n\\n 3. ### 12x22 Barn Shed Plans\\n\\nMar 06, 21 08:23 AM\\n\\nUse these 12x22 barn shed with porch plans to build a neat shed home, small\\ncabin, tiny house, or small cottage.\\n\\nRead More\\n\\nAffiliate Disclosure Policy By John Shank, Copyright © Shedking 2004-2021.\\n\\nShedking.net's Privacy Policy\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416143743/https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Dig and pour your deck footings so they extend below the frost line. That way, they won't move, or heave, as the ground freezes and thaws during seasonal changes. This article explains how to build solid footings that will stay put year-round.\",\n \"If your setting deck posts move up in the spring then settle back down as the weather warms, then you have a bad case of “frost heave-osis.” So how deep is the frost line? In the winter, the ground freezes from the top of the soil downward. The depth of frost penetration depends on the soil type, the severity of the winter, the amount of water in the soil and the depth of an insulating blanket of snow.\",\n \"The frost depth varies by region. In frigid Minnesota, the frost depth is 42 in., whereas a warmer state like Missouri may have a frost depth of only 1 ft.\",\n \"When you contact your local building department to get your building permit, ask what the frost depth requirement is and the required size and shape of the footings. Then dig the footing holes so that the bottoms of the footings are at or below the frost depth.\",\n \"The mechanics of frost heave are complex, but here’s a quick primer. Water in the surrounding soil collects and freezes into thin layers of frost called “ice lenses.”\",\n \"When water freezes, it expands about 9 percent—think of how ice cubes are domed above the original water level in the ice cube tray. Ice exerts a pressure of about 50,000 lbs. per square inch—enough force to lift even a large building. A puny little deck on inadequate footings doesn’t stand a chance.\",\n \"The reason buildings and decks don’t always return to their original height is that surrounding dirt sometimes fills in under the footing while it’s lifted.\",\n \"Heavy clay soils don’t drain well, so they tend to have more frost heave problems than sandy, well-drained ones. But even if footings are deep enough, ice lenses can latch onto the rough surfaces of wood and concrete and lift footings and posts from the side. That’s why concrete piers poured in waxed cardboard tubes and smooth wooden installing deck posts work well for below- grade support.\",\n \"When you pour concrete footings, hold the cardboard concrete form tube about 12 in. up from the bottom of the footing. Do this by nailing the sides of the tube to the center of a tic-tac-toe grid of 2x4s at the top of the hole. Then dump concrete through the tube into the bottom of the hole. After the wide part at the bottom of the hole has filled, the tube will fill too.\",\n \"Flare the sides on concrete footings so the footings will resist heave in harsh winters when frost penetrates especially deep. Greater width at the bottom will also distribute weight over a larger area.\",\n \"If you're pouring more than a few footings, order premixed concrete from a ready-mix company. You'd be shocked at how many bags of concrete mix you'd have to mix by hand to fill a form tube.\",\n \"Figure concrete volume by multiplying the height of the post and column in feet by the radius of the tube in feet squared times 3.14. Divide the total by 27 to get the cubic yardage you need to order. Add extra for the wide footing bases.\",\n \"If the footing does not extend below the frost line, the footing will heave as the ground freezes and thaws.\",\n \"Even if you're setting deck posts in the ground, instead of on top of footings, the concrete still needs to extend below the frost line.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing | The Family Handyman\\n\\nShare\\n\\nShare on Facebook\\n\\nSave on Pinterest\\n\\nTweet this\\n\\nEmail\\n\\nNext Project\\n\\nSkip to main content\\n\\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\\n\\nHome Decks Building a Deck\\n\\n# How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing\\n\\n## Prevent frost-heave damage by pouring the concrete right.\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\nNext Project\\n\\n## Introduction\\n\\nDig and pour your deck footings so they extend below the frost line. That way,\\nthey won't move, or heave, as the ground freezes and thaws during seasonal\\nchanges. This article explains how to build solid footings that will stay put\\nyear-round.\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\n## Tools Required\\n\\n 1. Hoe\\n 2. Posthole digger\\n 3. Spade\\n 4. Tape measure\\n 5. Utility knife\\n 6. Wheelbarrow\\n\\n## Materials Required\\n\\n 1. Concrete\\n 2. Form tube\\n\\n## How Deep is the Frost Line?\\n\\nIf your setting deck posts move up in the spring then settle back down as the\\nweather warms, then you have a bad case of “frost heave-osis.” So how deep is\\nthe frost line? In the winter, the ground freezes from the top of the soil\\ndownward. The depth of frost penetration depends on the soil type, the\\nseverity of the winter, the amount of water in the soil and the depth of an\\ninsulating blanket of snow.\\n\\nThe frost depth varies by region. In frigid Minnesota, the frost depth is 42\\nin., whereas a warmer state like Missouri may have a frost depth of only 1 ft.\\n\\nWhen you contact your local building department to get your building permit,\\nask what the frost depth requirement is and the required size and shape of the\\nfootings. Then dig the footing holes so that the bottoms of the footings are\\nat or below the frost depth.\\n\\nThe mechanics of frost heave are complex, but here’s a quick primer. Water in\\nthe surrounding soil collects and freezes into thin layers of frost called\\n“ice lenses.”\\n\\nWhen water freezes, it expands about 9 percent—think of how ice cubes are\\ndomed above the original water level in the ice cube tray. Ice exerts a\\npressure of about 50,000 lbs. per square inch—enough force to lift even a\\nlarge building. A puny little deck on inadequate footings doesn’t stand a\\nchance.\\n\\nThe reason buildings and decks don’t always return to their original height is\\nthat surrounding dirt sometimes fills in under the footing while it’s lifted.\\n\\nHeavy clay soils don’t drain well, so they tend to have more frost heave\\nproblems than sandy, well-drained ones. But even if footings are deep enough,\\nice lenses can latch onto the rough surfaces of wood and concrete and lift\\nfootings and posts from the side. That’s why concrete piers poured in waxed\\ncardboard tubes and smooth wooden installing deck posts work well for below-\\ngrade support.\\n\\nCourtesy of Luke Miller\\n\\n## How to get a solid, frost-proof footing:\\n\\n * When you pour concrete footings, hold the cardboard concrete form tube about 12 in. up from the bottom of the footing. Do this by nailing the sides of the tube to the center of a tic-tac-toe grid of 2x4s at the top of the hole. Then dump concrete through the tube into the bottom of the hole. After the wide part at the bottom of the hole has filled, the tube will fill too.\\n * Flare the sides on concrete footings so the footings will resist heave in harsh winters when frost penetrates especially deep. Greater width at the bottom will also distribute weight over a larger area.\\n * Mound soil around the posts after the backfill settles to direct runoff water away from the post.\\n\\n##### Read Next\\n\\nExpert Tips for How to Build a Deck\\n\\nWhy We Chose Composite Decking for Rebuilt Deck\\n\\n7 Things You Should Do When Building Your Deck\\n\\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\\n\\n## Project step-by-step (3)\\n\\nStep 1\\n\\n## Ordering Premixed Concrete\\n\\nShutterstock/ungvar\\n\\nIf you're pouring more than a few footings, order premixed concrete from a\\nready-mix company. You'd be shocked at how many bags of concrete mix you'd\\nhave to mix by hand to fill a form tube.\\n\\nFigure concrete volume by multiplying the height of the post and column in\\nfeet by the radius of the tube in feet squared times 3.14. Divide the total by\\n27 to get the cubic yardage you need to order. Add extra for the wide footing\\nbases.\\n\\nStep 2\\n\\n## A footing destined to fail: frost line depth chart\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\nIf the footing does not extend below the frost line, the footing will heave as\\nthe ground freezes and thaws.\\n\\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\\n\\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\\n\\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\\n\\nStep 3\\n\\n## Post set in concrete\\n\\nFamily Handyman\\n\\nEven if you're setting deck posts in the ground, instead of on top of\\nfootings, the concrete still needs to extend below the frost line.\\n\\n## Similar Projects\\n\\nHow to Build an Under-Deck Roof\\n\\nExpert Tips for How to Build a Deck\\n\\nHow to Build a Deck That will Last as Long as Your House\\n\\nWhy We Chose Composite Decking for Rebuilt Deck\\n\\nTrex Decking Installation Guide\\n\\nSet and Nail Decking Perfectly\\n\\nHow to Install Joist Hangers\\n\\nMaking Deck Posts\\n\\n7 Deck Building Tips from the Pros\\n\\nAttaching a New Deck to a House: The Correct Method\\n\\n7 Things You Should Do When Building Your Deck\\n\\nReader Project: Reclaimed Lumber Decking\\n\\n## Popular How-To Videos\\n\\n * About Us\\n * Magazine\\n * Electrical\\n\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n * Garage\\n * Outdoors\\n\\nOur Brands\\n\\n * Reader’s Digest\\n * Taste of Home\\n 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Water Softener\\n * See All Plumbing\\n * Storage & Organization\\n * Tools\\n\\n * Air Tools\\n * Automotive Tools\\n * Circular Saws\\n * Drills\\n * Miter Saws\\n * Painting Tools\\n * Power Tools\\n * Routers\\n * Saws\\n * Table Saws\\n * Tool Storage\\n * Woodworking Tools\\n * Woodworking\\n\\n * Bookcase\\n * Building Shelves\\n * Furniture Repair\\n * Staining Wood\\n * Wood Joints\\n * Woodworking Projects\\n * Woodworking Tips\\n * See All Woodworking\\n * Rooms\\n\\n * Attic\\n * Basement\\n * Bathroom\\n\\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\\n * Bathroom Remodeling\\n * Shower Installation\\n * Bedroom\\n * Closet\\n * Garage\\n\\n * Garage Storage\\n * Home Office\\n * Kitchen\\n\\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\\n * Kitchen Countertops\\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\\n * Kitchen Storage\\n * Workshop\\n\\n * Workbenches\\n * Workshop Storage\\n * Outdoor\\n\\n * Decks\\n\\n * Building a Deck\\n * Deck Designs\\n * Deck Railing\\n * Garden\\n * Garden Structures\\n\\n * Fences\\n * Garden Paths\\n * Grills\\n * Landscaping\\n\\n * Backyard Ponds\\n * Backyard Waterfalls\\n * Lawn Care\\n * Outdoor Fountains\\n * Planter Boxes\\n * Retaining Wall\\n * See all Landscaping\\n * Patio\\n * Sheds\\n * Smart Homeowner\\n\\n * DIY Home Improvement\\n * DIY Advice\\n * Great Goofs\\n * Home Safety Tips\\n * Home Security\\n * Storage & Organization\\n * Ways to Save Money\\n * See All Smart Homeowner\\n * Stuff We Love\\n * Videos\\n * DIY University\\n * Giveaways\\n\\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\\n * Subscribe\\n\\n * Magazine Subscription\\n * Family Handyman Insider\\n * Newsletters\\n * Shop DIY Books\\n * Promotions\\n * Follow Us\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Pinterest\\n * Instagram\\n * Twitter\\n * Project Plans\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422062419/http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Build a Lean-To Shed\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Have you been longing for a shed where you can store lawn and garden equipment, sports equipment, compact outdoor furniture, and miscellaneous tools and supplies? When inconspicuous, functional storage is all you’re looking for, a lean-to shed is the perfect solution.\",\n \"Per its name, the structure simply leans against the house or garage for additional support and provides a water-safe haven for shielding gear from the elements. If you have moderate do-it-yourself skills and tools, this is a weekend project. If you decide it’s more than you bargained for, check out these convenient lean-to shed kits on Amazon.\",\n \"Because the shed is designed to abut to another structure, the foundation need only be pressure-treated skids, the roof pitched in only one direction to shed water, and the back wall sheathed with 1/2-inch CDX plywood, which withstands indirect exposure to moisture. See Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse for more about typical shed construction.\",\n \"It isn’t a requirement that this shed be built against a wall—but the structure is designed to take advantage of the wall for strength. So if you modify it to be a freestanding shed, you’ll need to build a conventional stud wall across the back and face it with the same type of plywood siding used on the rest of the shed. For information on how to mark, cut, and fasten wall studs, see How to Frame an Interior Wall (ignore the part about working with drywall because you’ll be using exterior-rated T1-11 siding instead).\",\n \"For a freestanding shed, you can build the shed on top of a concrete slab (see Pouring a Concrete Slab) instead of the pressure-treated skids and floor joists; this will actually result in a sturdier—more permanent— structure. Otherwise, for a freestanding shed, the foundation should be constructed on concrete piers or poured footings (see Pouring Concrete Footings & Piers). Be aware that building on footings will raise the height of the shed up from the ground.\",\n \"• Pressure-treated 4x4s for skids • Pressure-treated 2x4s for floor joists • 3/4′′ Tongue-and-groove plywood for flooring • 2x4s For studs, header, rafters, top plate nailers, etc. • T1-11 Plywood siding • 1/2′′ CDX plywood for roof sheathing • 1×3 Door trim • 1×4 Fascia and rake trim • Asphalt shingle roofing, 15-pound felt, metal framing brackets, door hinges and latch, miscellaneous galvanized nails and outdoor screws, and paint, stain, or preservative.\",\n \"The shed shown here is 6 feet long by 4 feet wide. You can easily expand its dimensions in increments of 2 or 4 feet.\",\n \"1 To construct the framing for the shed’s floor, cut two pressure-treated 2 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the rim joists. Then position six 45-inch-long floor joists between the rim joists 16 inches on center (with the exception of the last one, as shown in the floor joist detail at right). Attach them with 16d nails.\",\n \"Cut two pressure-treated 4 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the skids. Position the frame on the skids, and, when square, toenail the floor joists to the skids.\",\n \"Start with the back wall, which is 8 feet high with 6-foot-long top and bottom plates and four studs placed 18 inches on center. The tops of the wall studs are mitered at 18 degrees. Attach the wall to the floor frame and temporarily brace it.\",\n \"The front wall has a 6-foot-long top plate and two 1-foot-long bottom plates, leaving space for a 4-foot-wide door. The four wall studs are 81 1/4 inches long; install them as shown in the front framing detail at left. Next, install the 73-inch-long jack studs, and then attach the 51-inch-long doubled header. Finally, attach the 6 1/4-inch-long cripple studs.\",\n \"The side walls have top and bottom plates 41 inches long and studs 81 1/4 inches tall. Raise them, attach them to the floor, and temporarily brace them if needed. When all wall sections are square, attach them at the corners with screws.\",\n \"3 The frame of the roof consists of four 2-by-4 rafters cut so that they rest on the front- and rear-wall top plates, as shown in the rafter detail at right. Install a gable stud directly over the center studs on both side walls to fit between the end rafter and the top plate. Install the sub-fascia and then the fascia to the front ends of the rafters.\",\n \"4 Position pieces of T1-11 siding on the front and sides of the shed so that they are flush with the bottom of the rim joists. Attach the siding with 8d galvanized nails spaced every 8 inches.\",\n \"Cover the rear wall with 1/2-inch CDX plywood from the bottom of the rim joists to the tops of the rafter ends.\",\n \"5 Sheath the rafters with 1/2-inch CDX plywood; stagger the joints so that none end up on a rafter. Nail them in place with 6d nails. Attach rake trim to cover the exposed edges of the roof sheathing, and install drip edging. Roll out 15-pound roofing felt, and apply the shingles (see Asphalt Roof Installation).\",\n \"6 Construct the doors from T1-11 siding, and trim them out with 1 by 3s. Add cross trim in the centers of both doors, and install the door latches. Use strap hinges to attach the doors.\",\n \"Don Vandervort has developed his expertise for more than 30 years, as Building Editor for Sunset Books, Senior Editor at Home Magazine, author of more than 30 home improvement books, and writer of countless magazine articles. He appeared for 3 seasons on HGTV’s “The Fix,” and served as MSN’s home expert for several years. Don founded HomeTips in 1996. Read more about Don Vandervort\",\n \"Don Vandervort writes or edits every article at HomeTips. Don has: • Over 30 years’ experience as a remodeler and builder. • Written more than 30 home improvement books. • Served as Senior Editor at Home Magazine. • Appeared as a segment host on HGTV’s “The Fix” for 3 seasons. • Been a featured expert on MSN.com, US News, and many others. • Learn more about the trusted HomeTips brand!\",\n \"HomeTips articles may contain links to Amazon.com and other partner programs that provide helpful products and services. As an Amazon Associate, HomeTips earns from qualifying purchases which allows us to continue creating helpful DIY content.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Build a Lean-To Shed\\n\\n * Save Energy\\n * How Your House Works\\n * How to Repair\\n * How to Install or Build\\n * Buying Guides\\n * Browse\\n\\n# How to Build a Lean-To Shed\\n\\nby Don Vandervort, HomeTips © 1997 to 2020\\n\\nMarch 23, 2021\\n\\nThis post may contain affiliate links. For more information see our\\ndisclosures here.\\n\\nFree plans, diagrams, and step-by-step instructions for building a simple\\n4-by-6-foot outdoor shed. Step-by-step instructions, too!\\n\\nIn This Article:\\n\\nStorage Shed Design Plan Modifications Building the Shed\\n\\nHave you been longing for a shed where you can store lawn and garden\\nequipment, sports equipment, compact outdoor furniture, and miscellaneous\\ntools and supplies? When inconspicuous, functional storage is all you’re\\nlooking for, a lean-to shed is the perfect solution.\\n\\nPer its name, the structure simply leans against the house or garage for\\nadditional support and provides a water-safe haven for shielding gear from the\\nelements. If you have moderate do-it-yourself skills and tools, this is a\\nweekend project. If you decide it’s more than you bargained for, check out\\nthese convenient lean-to shed kits on Amazon.\\n\\nLean-to shed provides simple shelter for yard gear and more. © Sunset\\nPublishing Corporation\\n\\nBrowse Tools for This Project on Amazon • Combination Squares • Power Circular\\nSaws • 4-Foot Levels • 16-Foot Tape Measures • Framing Nailers • Pancake Air\\nCompressors\\n\\n## Storage Shed Design\\n\\nBecause the shed is designed to abut to another structure, the foundation need\\nonly be pressure-treated skids, the roof pitched in only one direction to shed\\nwater, and the back wall sheathed with 1/2-inch CDX plywood, which withstands\\nindirect exposure to moisture. See Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse for\\nmore about typical shed construction.\\n\\nSunset’s Sheds & Garages offers many plans for many types of outdoor\\nstructures. Just click to order at Amazon.\\n\\n## Plan Modifications\\n\\nIt isn’t a requirement that this shed be built against a wall—but the\\nstructure is designed to take advantage of the wall for strength. So if you\\nmodify it to be a freestanding shed, you’ll need to build a conventional stud\\nwall across the back and face it with the same type of plywood siding used on\\nthe rest of the shed. For information on how to mark, cut, and fasten wall\\nstuds, see How to Frame an Interior Wall (ignore the part about working with\\ndrywall because you’ll be using exterior-rated T1-11 siding instead).\\n\\nFor a freestanding shed, you can build the shed on top of a concrete slab (see\\nPouring a Concrete Slab) instead of the pressure-treated skids and floor\\njoists; this will actually result in a sturdier—more permanent— structure.\\nOtherwise, for a freestanding shed, the foundation should be constructed on\\nconcrete piers or poured footings (see Pouring Concrete Footings & Piers). Be\\naware that building on footings will raise the height of the shed up from the\\nground.\\n\\nMaterials Required To build the shed shown here, you’ll need:\\n\\n• Pressure-treated 4x4s for skids • Pressure-treated 2x4s for floor joists •\\n3/4′′ Tongue-and-groove plywood for flooring • 2x4s For studs, header,\\nrafters, top plate nailers, etc. • T1-11 Plywood siding • 1/2′′ CDX plywood\\nfor roof sheathing • 1×3 Door trim • 1×4 Fascia and rake trim • Asphalt\\nshingle roofing, 15-pound felt, metal framing brackets, door hinges and latch,\\nmiscellaneous galvanized nails and outdoor screws, and paint, stain, or\\npreservative.\\n\\nBasic Lean-To Shed Construction Diagram\\n\\n## Building the Shed\\n\\nThe shed shown here is 6 feet long by 4 feet wide. You can easily expand its\\ndimensions in increments of 2 or 4 feet.\\n\\n1 To construct the framing for the shed’s floor, cut two pressure-treated 2 by\\n4s to a length of 6 feet for the rim joists. Then position six 45-inch-long\\nfloor joists between the rim joists 16 inches on center (with the exception of\\nthe last one, as shown in the floor joist detail at right). Attach them with\\n16d nails.\\n\\nShed Floor Joist Detail\\n\\nCut two pressure-treated 4 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the skids. Position\\nthe frame on the skids, and, when square, toenail the floor joists to the\\nskids.\\n\\nAttach 3/4-inch tongue-and-groove plywood flooring onto the frame.\\n\\n2 The walls for the shed are constructed separately and then raised onto the\\nframe.\\n\\nShed Wall Framing Diagram: Front\\n\\nStart with the back wall, which is 8 feet high with 6-foot-long top and bottom\\nplates and four studs placed 18 inches on center. The tops of the wall studs\\nare mitered at 18 degrees. Attach the wall to the floor frame and temporarily\\nbrace it.\\n\\nThe front wall has a 6-foot-long top plate and two 1-foot-long bottom plates,\\nleaving space for a 4-foot-wide door. The four wall studs are 81 1/4 inches\\nlong; install them as shown in the front framing detail at left. Next, install\\nthe 73-inch-long jack studs, and then attach the 51-inch-long doubled header.\\nFinally, attach the 6 1/4-inch-long cripple studs.\\n\\nRaise the front wall, attach it to the floor, and temporarily brace it.\\n\\nThe side walls have top and bottom plates 41 inches long and studs 81 1/4\\ninches tall. Raise them, attach them to the floor, and temporarily brace them\\nif needed. When all wall sections are square, attach them at the corners with\\nscrews.\\n\\nLean-To Shed Rafter Dimensions\\n\\n3 The frame of the roof consists of four 2-by-4 rafters cut so that they rest\\non the front- and rear-wall top plates, as shown in the rafter detail at\\nright. Install a gable stud directly over the center studs on both side walls\\nto fit between the end rafter and the top plate. Install the sub-fascia and\\nthen the fascia to the front ends of the rafters.\\n\\n4 Position pieces of T1-11 siding on the front and sides of the shed so that\\nthey are flush with the bottom of the rim joists. Attach the siding with 8d\\ngalvanized nails spaced every 8 inches.\\n\\nCover the rear wall with 1/2-inch CDX plywood from the bottom of the rim\\njoists to the tops of the rafter ends.\\n\\n5 Sheath the rafters with 1/2-inch CDX plywood; stagger the joints so that\\nnone end up on a rafter. Nail them in place with 6d nails. Attach rake trim to\\ncover the exposed edges of the roof sheathing, and install drip edging. Roll\\nout 15-pound roofing felt, and apply the shingles (see Asphalt Roof\\nInstallation).\\n\\n6 Construct the doors from T1-11 siding, and trim them out with 1 by 3s. Add\\ncross trim in the centers of both doors, and install the door latches. Use\\nstrap hinges to attach the doors.\\n\\nFeatured Resource: Find a Pre-Screened Local Shed Builder\\n\\nNEXT SEE:\\n\\n• Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse • Building a Shed or Playhouse •\\nFastening a Patio Roof to the House • How to Build a Horse Barn\\n\\nAbout Don Vandervort\\n\\nDon Vandervort has developed his expertise for more than 30 years, as Building\\nEditor for Sunset Books, Senior Editor at Home Magazine, author of more than\\n30 home improvement books, and writer of countless magazine articles. He\\nappeared for 3 seasons on HGTV’s “The Fix,” and served as MSN’s home expert\\nfor several years. Don founded HomeTips in 1996. Read more about Don\\nVandervort\\n\\n### Next See:\\n\\n * Choosing the Right Design Help for Your Remodel\\n * Greenhouse Kits: Let’s Get Growing!\\n * 10 Steps to a Successful Bath Remodel\\n * Patio Roof Cover Sheds Water, Allows Natural Light\\n\\nTagged lean to shedshedsheds\\n\\n * #### Why We’re Experts\\n\\nDon Vandervort writes or edits every article at HomeTips. Don has: • Over 30\\nyears’ experience as a remodeler and builder. • Written more than 30 home\\nimprovement books. • Served as Senior Editor at Home Magazine. • Appeared as a\\nsegment host on HGTV’s “The Fix” for 3 seasons. • Been a featured expert on\\nMSN.com, US News, and many others. • Learn more about the trusted HomeTips\\nbrand!\\n\\n * ## Related Articles\\n\\n * ### Horse Barn Construction\\n\\n * ### How to Build a Gable Shed or Playhouse\\n\\n * ### Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse\\n\\n * ### Building a Shed or Playhouse\\n\\n * Affiliate Disclosure\\n\\nHomeTips articles may contain links to Amazon.com and other partner programs\\nthat provide helpful products and services. As an Amazon Associate, HomeTips\\nearns from qualifying purchases which allows us to continue creating helpful\\nDIY content.\\n\\n * report this ad\\n\\n * ## Search Expert Articles\\n\\nreport this ad\\n\\n * About HomeTips\\n * Advertise\\n * Site Map\\n * Copyright © 2020, HomeTips LLC\\n * Terms of Use\\n * Privacy Policy\\n * Contact HomeTips\\n\\nx\\n\\nx\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509214723/https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How To Build A Lean To Shed [Complete Step-by-Step Guide]\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"Recently I was doing some research on how to build a Lean To shed and what the best practices are. If you’ve already read my post about how I built my first shed, you may inquire why I need another one.\",\n \"Well, over the last few years the original shed slowly filled up not only with my wife’s garden tools but also with the snow blower, generator, winter/summer tires for two cars, and some building supplies.\",\n \"My wife says it’s her garden shed and my stuff is in her way! She showed me a picture of a plastic shed at a box store and told me it would be perfect if I got it for her, and it would be only for her gardening supplies and tools!\",\n \"What an insult to me as a DIYer! To keep peace in the house and uphold my status as a handyman, I decided to build my wife a much better 4×8 Lean-to shed than any plastic one could be.\",\n \"I began looking at our property and working out a building plan. I didn’t want it taking space that the kids and we use, nor could I put it in the far back corner and keep the peace. I looked at the existing 12×14 shed and the space around it.\",\n \"The location was awesome, but I couldn’t build a stand-alone without cutting down a tree or messing with gardens and sight lines. Adding a lean-to to existing shed would be perfect! I could tuck it against the side wall, the only accessible wall.\",\n \"The slope of the original shed, however, put some constraints on the Lean-to height, which would also impact the other dimensions. To get a usable height, the shed could only be 8-feet long. If I came out 4-feet, the slope would be about 2/12 – the minimum for low slope asphalt shingles.\",\n \"The highest the Lean To roof could be against the existing wall was 83-inches. On a 4-foot run that would take 8-inches off at the outside wall, which impacts the door height (I’m 6’-2”...ummm... but my wife is 5’-3”J).\",\n \"If I made it 4×8, I could use standard dimension materials and reduce the cost. The size would hold all the gardening tools, pots and planters, fertilizers, and maybe even a potting bench! Peace was just a saw-cut away!\",\n \"Once I decided what and where to build, it was time to consider other factors affecting the design and placement of the Lean-to. The location of trees, bushes, and gardens I’d already considered, but the effect of frost on attached vs. unattached was equally important. My next decision was attached or free-standing, and did I need a permit.\",\n \"According to our local regulations we can build 2 sheds less than 144 sq.ft. each on the property without a permit. So if I attach the lean-to shed to the existing 12×14 shed (which I had a permit for) a permit would be required. Check with your local building department; they can be quite helpful.\",\n \"Size and style – different locations have different requirements regarding the size of outbuildings, the style acceptable in neighborhoods, even color and finishes permitted\",\n \"Adds extra space to the lean-to as you don’t need to build the back wall, removing existing siding also adds some space\",\n \"Frost heave in cold-climates may be an issue *Most house foundations are warm (heated) foundations reaching below frost levels. An unheated foundation may have to be even deeper to prevent frost heave or risk damage to both structures.\",\n \"How to water and bug proof a wall built flush to another building, but not attached, if not far enough away to allow air movement\",\n \"Concrete slab – a concrete slab is permanent, and makes a great shed floor, but could affect taxes. The structure could just sit on the level slab and still be moveable, so not taxable\",\n \"I decided to go with my favorite deck blocks. I’d used them for the original shed, but had cemented in adjustable 4×4 deck supports to offset any settling issues. This time I’d do it the classic way – without adjustable inserts! It would keep the cost down.\",\n \"I decided I would only need 2 rows of 3 blocks each to support the floor. The shed wouldn’t be very heavy, and nothing heavy would be stored in it, so additional support wasn’t needed.\",\n \"I planned to use crushed gravel under the blocks to help with drainage and leveling. Use a crushed stone that has pieces 3/4” and smaller mixed with gravel dust, it compacts better, is easier to level, and drains well.\",\n \"Start with a corner block. Dig out the first hole, set in the block and check the elevation of the floor using a 2×6. Make sure the block is deep enough to give the desired finished floor height. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the corner block, check elevation, and level it side to side and front to back.\",\n \"Use the 2×6 to mark the placement of the holes for the next blocks. Dig the next hole in the row, add in the gravel, and place the block. Use the 2×6 to level with corner block and make sure the location is correct. Level it side-to-side and front to back, add or remove gravel to adjust the level.\",\n \"Repeat the process for the last block in the row. Once it is set, use the 2×6 to ensure the row is level and where you want it.\",\n \"Place a corner block, use the 2×6 on the corner block of the first row and locate and check for square. The 3-4-5 rule works well for this size (3-feet along the back row, 4-feet from back to the front row, and 5-feet diagonally connecting the 3’ and 4’ marks).\",\n \"Dig out the hole, set in the block and check the floor elevation using the 2×6. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the block, check elevation and level with first-row corner block, and level it side to side and front to back.\",\n \"Repeat the process for the remaining blocks, checking for location and level from second-row corner block and first row blocks.\",\n \"I choose to build the floor frame using 2×6 single ply beams resting on each row of 3 deck blocks. I’d use Simpson Strong-Tie LUS26 joist hangers to attach the joists to the beams. The hangers would be attached to the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each. The Simpson SD9212 screws are code rated for shear-force use.\",\n \"Pro Tip: Never use roofing nails! The heads often separate when driven against metal. Additionally, they are not shear-force rated for this use!\",\n \"Mark beams going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4... Place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where the joists will be located, at 16-inch centers.\",\n \"*This is where I decided to lay out some ground cloth to prevent weeds from growing. I covered the cloth with a thin layer of gravel. I wanted to make sure there was space for air to flow under the shed floor to help keep moisture down. I could have done it before building the frame, but making square and level adjustments would have been more difficult.\",\n \"Install the joist hangers at the marks on the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!).\",\n \"Once the frame is together, I checked for square and level, and made sure there was space for airflow between the joists and gravel.\",\n \"For the floor of the shed, I followed the advice I wrote in the article about shed floor plywood thickness. Pressure treated 3⁄4” exterior grade (CDX) plywood is rot and moisture resistant. The heavier thickness won’t sag, and surface defects have been removed and replaced with football shaped plugs giving a smooth surface too.\",\n \"The single sheet needed for the floor was simple to place and made squaring the frame easy. Use 2-1/2” galvanized nails or treated deck screws – I made sure they were rated for pressure treated use or they would quickly corrode. The nails or screws should be spaced 12-inches apart on the joists and beams. Be careful not to hit the nails attaching the joists to the beams.\",\n \"With the floor built it was time to plan, layout, and build the walls. I decided to use the floor deck as a level space to assemble all the wall sections; much easier than on uneven ground. As part of the planning, I lay out the walls on paper so I can also do up a materials list. I hate having to drop what I’m doing and go to the lumber store because I’m a 2×4 short!\",\n \"I was struggling with the 8-foot front wall layout and trying to limit waste and cost. I planned to use LP SmartSide panel siding which comes in 4×8 sheets. If I framed for a standard 36” door, I’d need 1 full sheet plus a 1-foot strip off a third, leaving almost a full sheet as waste or to store.\",\n \"To save $45 on a full sheet, I’d need to build a 4-foot door. I could live with that! If I moved the door opening to be off center, with the door closer to one end, and if it was trimmed it could even be narrower, increasing storage potential inside.\",\n \"A 96-inch long wall, less 48” for the 4×8 SmartSide, less door trim – 2 planks 1×4 (3.5”) = 7” + 1⁄4 space between doors, leaves a 40-3/4” wide door.\",\n \"Using 16o.c. framing I’d need 3 2x4s (including the trimmer stud) on each side of the door opening to attach the SmartSide and trim to; that was doable!\",\n \"The back wall was straightforward framing. Place the top and bottom plate together, mark both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where studs will be located.\",\n \"Cut the studs and place them between the bottom and top plates. Fasten the outside studs to form the frame, and then fasten all studs. Square the wall and screw a 2x4x10 diagonally to keep the wall frame square and rigid. I then leaned it out of the way against the existing shed.\",\n \"The two side walls were also straightforward framing. I just repeated the same steps as used to construct for back wall frame. Place them out of the way.\",\n \"Lean the walls where they are easy to get, and so they can’t fall and be damaged or injure someone.\",\n \"Having planned the front wall layout, I placed the top and bottom plates together. Marked where the king studs for the door would go, remembering not to mark for studs between them. Then I marked both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark – again this is where studs will be located.\",\n \"Assemble the wall frame the same as the other three walls. I added an extra stud beside each king stud. I used two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh it out to 3-1⁄2” thick for the header. The header for the door goes between the two king studs, and then the trimmer studs get nailed into place. With everything nailed together, move the wall out of the way.\",\n \"With the walls all framed, it was time to put them all together. The back wall would be impossible to finish once it was in place, so I had to sheath and waterproof it before raising it into place. LI laid the back wall on the floor platform. Removed the diagonal brace, and placed the 7/16” OSB sheathing so it goes past the bottom plate by 1-inch. I also used the OSB to help square the wall before nailing it on.\",\n \"The 7/16”OSB was attached to the stud frame (including the bottom and top plate) using 3-inch 10d galvanized nails or screws.\",\n \"To protect the “exterior” of the wall, I chose to use tar paper as a barrier against weather and moisture damage. I unrolled the 1^st or bottom row and stapled it to the OSB. I left enough of an overhang at both ends to wrap over the 2×4 stud.\",\n \"I unrolled the 2^nd or middle row of tar paper and overlapped the lower layer by about 6-inches. Stapled it down and rolled out the last row. I let it overlap the middle row, so it was flush with the top edge of the OSB and stapled it down. Both rows should be as long as the first row too. Curl the ends down over the end 2×4 studs, and staple to hold.\",\n \"I began assembling the walls with the sheathed and protected back wall. Lifted the wall and used a 2×4 to brace it upright. Aligned it with the floor edges, and used 3-1/2” 16d galvanized nails or coated (green) screws to secure the bottom plate to the floor and beam.\",\n \"With the back wall nailed and braced into position, I placed the left wall onto the floor. Aligned it with the floor edge and back wall, and fastened it to the floor and joist using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws. I used the same fasteners to connect the end studs of the two walls. Plumbed and braced the walls.\",\n \"I moved the right wall into place. Aligned the bottom edge and the back, and used 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws to fasten it to the joist and the back wall. Plumbed and braced as with the left wall.\",\n \"I lifted the front wall into position; aligned it with the floor edge and side walls. Fastened the bottom plate to the front beam, and then to the side walls using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws.\",\n \"I cut the top plates for the two side walls so they overlap the front wall. Used 3-inch nails to secure the top plates into place. The overlap ties the side wall more securely to the front wall.\",\n \"I live in a snowy climate, and the lean-to roof slope gave me some concerns. The ideal roof slope for the climate is 5/12, or better. That means for every 12-inches (or foot) the roof runs; it goes up 5-inches. The steeper the slope, the faster it sheds snow, ice, and leaves, so less build-up.\",\n \"The best I could do was a 2/12 slope. Any greater and even my wife would have to duck going in! The roof is narrow enough, and close enough to the ground, that if snow build-up got too great, I could use a snow rake to remove it. Plus, it wasn’t a big roof with the trusses/rafters unsupported for a long distance.\",\n \"I checked the options for finishing the roof. The house and original shed had asphalt shingles, and I planned to use matching shingles if I could.\",\n \"Asphalt shingles: manufacturers recommend a 4/12 slope or greater for asphalt shingles. The minimum rating is 2/12, and the shingle should be labeled “Low Slope”. The least expensive option, but only warrantied for 10 to 15 years.\",\n \"Metal: low slope metal roofing is usually sheets of ribbed metal, known as standing seam, that are rated for slopes as low as 1⁄2”/12. It’s more expensive than asphalt shingles (between 2 and 8 times the cost) but longer lasting and is warrantied for 25 or more years.\",\n \"Composite: composite shingles are more durable than asphalt shingles and are resistant to UV, mold, moss and algae damage. They are often made partly with recycled materials, and are even fire resistant! More expensive than the cost of steel roofing, and depending on the grade of composite shingle 8 to 32 times the cost of asphalt shingles. However, it is warrantied for 30 to 50 years.\",\n \"It’s recommended that galvanized 10 to 12 gauge nails with a 3/8” head be used. The nails should be long enough to go 3/4” into the wood of the roof deck too. The nail head should sit flat and flush with the shingle when driven in.\",\n \"To maximize the back wall height, and due to the roof overhang of the existing shed the lean-to butts against, I decided to attach the rafters to the double top plate using Simpson Strong-Tie ridge rafter connectors. The 2×4 rafters would be sheathed with 19/32 tongue and groove OSB, and then I’d use asphalt shingles to finish the roof.\",\n \"The ridge rafter hangers may be secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\",\n \"The rafters were attached to front wall top plate with Simpson Hurricane Ties and secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\",\n \"Step-by-Step process I used the practices laid out in my article about shed roof framing to calculate the length of the rafters and to layout and cut the angles of the birdsmouth. Once a pattern rafter was cut, it was used to mark all the remaining common rafters. For short rafters, it may be easier to set one in place and use a square to mark the cuts, and then use it as a pattern after making all the cuts.\",\n \"To select the lumber for the rafters I use a Rafter Span Table to determine the spacing and dimension lumber for your rafters. The dimension lumber needed for the rafter is determined by the span or unsupported distance the rafter must run. For my lean-to 2×4 lumber at 16”-centers are acceptable as the distance is less than 5-feet.\",\n \"The length of the rafter from the front edge of the back wall double plate to the front edge of the double plate of the front wall I calculated using the total rise and the total run it traverses. A bit of middle school math called the Pythagorean Theorem and a calculator, or use a construction calculator, or a free one online rafter calculator, to help determine the length. This also identifies where the notch or back of the birdsmouth begins.\",\n \"To calculate the length of the rafter I multiply the (rise x rise) + (run x run), find the square root, and I have the distance the rafter must span – remember to use the same units! For my rafter it was (8”x8”) + (48”x48”) = 2368”, find the square root and the span is 48.66” or 48-21/32”+/-. This is rafter length before adding the extra distance for the eave overhang.\",\n \"The acceptable spacing according to the Rafter Span Tables can be 12” or 16” with 2x4s. I chose 16” centers so the rafters would sit over top of each of the studs, improving the load transfer and increasing the roof support.\",\n \"To calculate the plumb angle for the rafter ends and the birdsmouth I use a framing square.I layout the cut for the ridge end of the rafter first, and then mark where the birdsmouth begins. I set the long arm of the square against the bottom side of the rafter at 12”, and align the short arm with the top corner of the rafter end. Keeping the 12” and corner reference, I gently slide the short arm down until it sits at the bottom edge of the rafter at the desired rise of the roof – 2”s for my roof. I double check the 12” and corner reference and the rise reference and draw a line from the upper corner down the short arm. That is the plumb line for the rafter cut.\",\n \"The location of the back of the birdsmouth that hooks over the top plate of the outer wall is where the mark for the length of the rafter is. I draw a plumb line on the rafter at that mark similar to the ridge end of the rafter.\",\n \"The minimum thickness of the rafter sitting on the top plate according to most building codes is 1-1/2”s. However, the rule of thumb is that the cut should not be deeper than a third of the thickness of the rafter. For a 2×4 rafter that would be 1-3/16”s deep.\",\n \"I use the building square on the underside of the rafter with the short arm down. I move the inside of the short arm up the plumb line from the rafter bottom to the desired depth – checking the square is aligned on the plumb line. I mark a line along the rafter where the underside of the long arm of the square sits. The two lines form the cut out for the birdsmouth.\",\n \"I determine the length of the overhang or eves, and align the square to similar to cutting the ridge end of the rafter and mark the cut for the tail of the rafter.\",\n \"The two end clips for the side rafters have one wing cut off – make sure to cut off the left from one clip and the right from another clip.\",\n \"I installed the rafter clips at 16-inch centers, above each of the studs. Securing the rafter hangers with 2-1/2” 8d or 10d galvanized nails or 2-1/2” Simpson SD Structural Connector screws.\",\n \"I placed the rafters into the clips and fastened them with 1-1/2” 8d galvanized nails or 1-1/2” SD Connector screws.\",\n \"I could have attached the rafters to the front wall plate using 16d (3-1/2”) nails to toenail them into place. Instead, I used Hurricane Ties to secure them and to prevent any wind lift, also less chance of splitting the rafter. 2-1/2” and 1-1/2” SD Structural Connector screws fastened the Ties to the top plate and the rafters respectively.\",\n \"For sheathing a roof either plywood or OSB are fine. The building code sets minimum thicknesses based on snow load and rafter spacing. I used 19/32” T&G OSB, it’s less expensive than plywood, plus I had half a sheet left over from another job! (I never throw out wood that could be used someday!)\",\n \"I tacked the fascia into place and used clamps to hold the bottom sheet of sheathing in place after aligning it. I measure the next piece, cut and slid it into place. Because the lean too was tight to the existing shed and its roof overhang, I secured the upper piece first. The lower piece was easier to slide up into the groove channel from below. I removed the fascia so it wouldn’t be damaged if I needed to persuade the lower piece into the groove. Use 2-1/2” (8d) galvanized nails to fasten the OSB to the rafters.\",\n \"I cut the roof felt on the ground, ensuring it had about 4 to 6 inches extra at both ends. Rolled out the first row, stapled (use stainless steel staples) it into place. The second row I rolled out, so it overlapped the first and stapled too.\",\n \"LP SmartSide panels or T1-11 panels? What’s the difference? T1-11 panels came out in the 1960s and are plywood based panels that have grooves cut into them. They look like board and batten siding on a vertical application, or shiplap siding on the horizontal.\",\n \"LP SmartSide panels look like T1-11 panels but are made of OSB based material. However, the OSB strands are coated with zinc borate and then fused together with a resin mixed with marine wax. The panel more water and insect resistant than T1-11. The panel is then given a resin-saturated Smart Guard overlay for painting and protection.\",\n \"The SmartSide panels are also less likely to develop cracks or layer separation than the T1-11. One other side issue, porcupines like the glue in the plywood T1-11 panels, but don’t like the resin in SmartSide panels.\",\n \"I decided to use LP SmartSide panels which are 3/8-inch 4×8 sheets. I could have used vinyl siding, but time and cost were determining factors. I needed 3 SmartSide panels which cost $45 in my local store, vinyl would cost $220 -$280, and I’d still need to sheath it! Time and money!\",\n \"To make installation easier, I attached support for the side panels 1-1/2” below the bottom plate. I stood the side sheets up and used claps to hold them in position while I marked them for cutting.\",\n \"The manufacturer suggests applying glue to the studs for added adhesion strength. They recommend that 1-1/2” screws or 2” galvanized nails be used and spaced every 12-inches. All cuts should also be painted, and all openings sealed or flashed to prevent moisture damage.\",\n \"With the SmartSiding attached, I installed the wall-roof trim on the side walls flush to the roof sheathing and fastened the fascia board into place. I then trimmed the roofing felt so the flashing and drip edge could be installed.\",\n \"Fascia and Rake Fascia Before installing the flashing, the rake fascia (gable end fascia) had to be fitted and cut. I marked the angles with a speed square and cut the back end. I held the rake board flush with the roof deck, verified the front angle and length for both ends, and then cut both rake fascia boards. I use 8d galvanized nails to secure both rake fascia boards into place, and the fascia board to the front of the rafters.\",\n \"I installed the drip edge on the front side first and used aluminum nails to fasten it. It should go under roofing felt to allow the roof to shed moisture properly.\",\n \"I choose architectural roofing shingles to match the other buildings on my property. Using a scrap piece of sheathing as a cutting board, I trimmed the tabs off three shingles – enough to do the first row at the drip edge. The trimmed strips were installed upside down, so the sticky side was up, and secured with 1-1/4” roofing nails so 3/8” overlapped the front of the drip edge.\",\n \"I trimmed the tabs off another 3 shingles and nailed them upside right on top of the upside down shingles as a starter strip. Offset the next row by 1/3 of a shingle to protect the seams and nail the next row into place, keeping it aligned with the chalk line. I continued shingling the roof using a chalk line to keep the rows straight.\",\n \"The tools for shingling a roof are fairly simple, a hammer, a metal speed square, chalk line, knife, and shingle nails.\",\n \"Trim the tabs off enough shingles to do the first row twice. One set goes upside down, and the other set goes upside right on top of the first set as the starter strip. The first full shingle is offset by a 1/3^rd and nail into place.\",\n \"I sanded 1x4x8 lumber to use for the trim, the same as I’d used for the fascia and rake fascia. I cut the pieces for the front corner trim first so the front board would overlap the side board. Angle cut the top of the side trim boards, then marked and cut the length. I used 8d galvanized nails to attach the trim through the SmartSide and into the studs. One nail every 12-inches beginning 2-inches from the ends to avoid splitting.\",\n \"The back two corners I trimmed and nailed the same as the side of the front corner. The trim on the door opening was straightforward. I installed the header trim 1-inch above the door opening and made it long enough to overlap the top of the side casing trim. I measured and cut the casing trim, butted them under the header trim, and nailed the door trim the same way the rest of the trim was installed.\",\n \"With all the trim attached, it was time to prime it for painting. A brush for edging and a roller for the face make quick work of the task.\",\n \"With the trim primed and caulked, it was time to figure out what kind of paint to use. The siding was prefinished, but it could also be painted any color you choose. An acrylic latex paint designed for wood composites is highly recommended if painting the SmartSide panels. It worked great on the primed trim too.\",\n \"The finishing touch was the double shed door. Having built them for two previous sheds, I decided the tried and true would be best. I’ll give a brief explanation and save the detailed explanation for a separate article on how to build double shed doors.\",\n \"I used tongue-and-groove 9/16”x6”x8’ pine boards to make the two 20-1/4”x168” door panels for the 40-3/4” door opening. Each board was glued at the groove, and the panel reinforced with 3 horizontal and two diagonal battens on the back side of the door, making the outer face nice and clean. I made sure the diagonal braces pointed down and into the hanging jamb.\",\n \"The hardware is common spring-loaded gate hinges. For added security, I use 2 galvanized bolts per hinge, one in the hinge plate and one in the tee arm. I also add a hasp and lock to keep it closed so little hands can’t get at something that could harm them.\",\n \"I hope you enjoyed this article and it was informative and interesting. If you know someone who is planning to build a lean-to shed, please share with them. Your feedback and comments are greatly appreciated. Remember to check back soon for our article on how to build shed doors.\",\n \"Eugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking.\",\n \"Hi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have built two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool stuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\",\n \"© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA Policy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How To Build A Lean To Shed [Complete Step-by-Step Guide]\\n\\nSkip to content\\n\\n# How To Build A Lean To Shed [Complete Step-by-Step Guide]\\n\\n20205shares\\n\\n * Share\\n * Pin\\n\\nLast updated June 18, 2020\\n\\nRecently I was doing some research on how to build a Lean To shed and what the\\nbest practices are. If you’ve already read my post about how I built my first\\nshed, you may inquire why I need another one.\\n\\nWell, over the last few years the original shed slowly filled up not only with\\nmy wife’s garden tools but also with the snow blower, generator, winter/summer\\ntires for two cars, and some building supplies.\\n\\nMy wife says it’s her garden shed and my stuff is in her way! She showed me a\\npicture of a plastic shed at a box store and told me it would be perfect if I\\ngot it for her, and it would be only for her gardening supplies and tools!\\n\\nWhat an insult to me as a DIYer! To keep peace in the house and uphold my\\nstatus as a handyman, I decided to build my wife a much better 4×8 Lean-to\\nshed than any plastic one could be.\\n\\nThis post will guide you through the main steps of building this type of shed\\nfrom scratch.\\n\\nQuick Navigation\\n\\n * Lean To Shed Requirements and Design\\n * Considerations for Building Lean To Sheds\\n * How To Build A Lean To Shed: Step by Step\\n * Step 1: Build Shed Foundation\\n * Step 2: Building Floor Frame\\n * Step 3: Wall Framing\\n * Step 4: Building Lean To Roof\\n * Step 5: Install Roof Sheathing\\n * Step 6: Install Siding\\n * Step 7: Install Shingles\\n * Step 8: Install Trim\\n * Step 9: Caulking\\n * Step 10: Paint Siding and Trim\\n * Step 11: Building Double Door\\n * Step 12: Install Shed Doors\\n\\n## Lean To Shed Requirements and Design\\n\\nI began looking at our property and working out a building plan. I didn’t want\\nit taking space that the kids and we use, nor could I put it in the far back\\ncorner and keep the peace. I looked at the existing 12×14 shed and the space\\naround it.\\n\\nThe location was awesome, but I couldn’t build a stand-alone without cutting\\ndown a tree or messing with gardens and sight lines. Adding a lean-to to\\nexisting shed would be perfect! I could tuck it against the side wall, the\\nonly accessible wall.\\n\\nThe slope of the original shed, however, put some constraints on the Lean-to\\nheight, which would also impact the other dimensions. To get a usable height,\\nthe shed could only be 8-feet long. If I came out 4-feet, the slope would be\\nabout 2/12 – the minimum for low slope asphalt shingles.\\n\\nThe highest the Lean To roof could be against the existing wall was 83-inches.\\nOn a 4-foot run that would take 8-inches off at the outside wall, which\\nimpacts the door height (I’m 6’-2”...ummm... but my wife is 5’-3”J).\\n\\nIf I made it 4×8, I could use standard dimension materials and reduce the\\ncost. The size would hold all the gardening tools, pots and planters,\\nfertilizers, and maybe even a potting bench! Peace was just a saw-cut away!\\n\\n## Considerations for Building Lean To Sheds\\n\\nOnce I decided what and where to build, it was time to consider other factors\\naffecting the design and placement of the Lean-to. The location of trees,\\nbushes, and gardens I’d already considered, but the effect of frost on\\nattached vs. unattached was equally important. My next decision was attached\\nor free-standing, and did I need a permit.\\n\\nAccording to our local regulations we can build 2 sheds less than 144 sq.ft.\\neach on the property without a permit. So if I attach the lean-to shed to the\\nexisting 12×14 shed (which I had a permit for) a permit would be required.\\nCheck with your local building department; they can be quite helpful.\\n\\nLocal Restrictions:\\n\\n * Permanent foundation – a permanent foundation has tax implications in many locations\\n * Auxiliary buildings – some areas may restrict the number of structures allowed on a property\\n * Size and style – different locations have different requirements regarding the size of outbuildings, the style acceptable in neighborhoods, even color and finishes permitted\\n * Clearances – some local ordinances dictate the clearances between buildings, property lines, and utilities\\n\\nAttached to Another Building:\\n\\n * Hangs on existing wall\\n * Adds extra space to the lean-to as you don’t need to build the back wall, removing existing siding also adds some space\\n * Only building 3 walls, reduced cost of building a separate back wall\\n * May be insurance and tax implications as it becomes a more permanent structure\\n * Frost heave in cold-climates may be an issue *Most house foundations are warm (heated) foundations reaching below frost levels. An unheated foundation may have to be even deeper to prevent frost heave or risk damage to both structures.\\n\\nFree-standing:\\n\\n * Easier to move or remove\\n * Separate foundation so fewer issues with frost heave\\n * How to water and bug proof a wall built flush to another building, but not attached, if not far enough away to allow air movement\\n * Building 4 walls increase the cost\\n * Separate foundation so more building freedom\\n\\nFoundation Options:\\n\\n * Concrete slab – a concrete slab is permanent, and makes a great shed floor, but could affect taxes. The structure could just sit on the level slab and still be moveable, so not taxable\\n * Deck blocks – inexpensive and easy to install, allow airflow under the shed to reduce moisture and rot\\n * Skid – easier to relocate shed, airflow under the shed, quick and easy to build\\n * Gravel pad – easy to build, still need to build a floor and lift it off the gravel\\n\\n## How To Build A Lean To Shed: Step by Step\\n\\nWhat You’ll Need :\\n\\n * Tape Measure\\n * 48-Inch Level\\n * Circular Saw or Miter Saw\\n * Nail Gun\\n * Drill Driver/Impact Kit\\n\\n## Step 1: Build Shed Foundation\\n\\nI decided to go with my favorite deck blocks. I’d used them for the original\\nshed, but had cemented in adjustable 4×4 deck supports to offset any settling\\nissues. This time I’d do it the classic way – without adjustable inserts! It\\nwould keep the cost down.\\n\\nI decided I would only need 2 rows of 3 blocks each to support the floor. The\\nshed wouldn’t be very heavy, and nothing heavy would be stored in it, so\\nadditional support wasn’t needed.\\n\\nI planned to use crushed gravel under the blocks to help with drainage and\\nleveling. Use a crushed stone that has pieces 3/4” and smaller mixed with\\ngravel dust, it compacts better, is easier to level, and drains well.\\n\\nStart with the row closest to existing shed:\\n\\n * Start with a corner block. Dig out the first hole, set in the block and check the elevation of the floor using a 2×6. Make sure the block is deep enough to give the desired finished floor height. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the corner block, check elevation, and level it side to side and front to back.\\n\\n * Use the 2×6 to mark the placement of the holes for the next blocks. Dig the next hole in the row, add in the gravel, and place the block. Use the 2×6 to level with corner block and make sure the location is correct. Level it side-to-side and front to back, add or remove gravel to adjust the level.\\n\\n * Repeat the process for the last block in the row. Once it is set, use the 2×6 to ensure the row is level and where you want it.\\n\\nThe second row:\\n\\n * Place a corner block, use the 2×6 on the corner block of the first row and locate and check for square. The 3-4-5 rule works well for this size (3-feet along the back row, 4-feet from back to the front row, and 5-feet diagonally connecting the 3’ and 4’ marks).\\n\\n * Dig out the hole, set in the block and check the floor elevation using the 2×6. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the block, check elevation and level with first-row corner block, and level it side to side and front to back.\\n\\n * Repeat the process for the remaining blocks, checking for location and level from second-row corner block and first row blocks.\\n\\n * You could do all 4 corner blocks first, then the middle blocks.\\n\\nI dug the hole, filled it with a couple of inches of gravel, and placed deck\\nblock.\\n\\nI checked the level between blocks and between rows.\\n\\nI laid out the two beams and checked for level...again.\\n\\nHere’s the video:\\n\\n## Step 2: Building Floor Frame\\n\\nI choose to build the floor frame using 2×6 single ply beams resting on each\\nrow of 3 deck blocks. I’d use Simpson Strong-Tie LUS26 joist hangers to attach\\nthe joists to the beams. The hangers would be attached to the beams using 4\\nSimpson SD9212 screws in each. The Simpson SD9212 screws are code rated for\\nshear-force use.\\n\\nPro Tip: Never use roofing nails! The heads often separate when driven against\\nmetal. Additionally, they are not shear-force rated for this use!\\n\\nSource: Strongtie.com\\n\\nStep by step process:\\n\\n * Install the two beams and check for level, adjust if needed.\\n * Cut and install the two side/end joists.\\n * Cut and install the middle joist ant the middle deck blocks.\\n * Mark beams going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4... Place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where the joists will be located, at 16-inch centers.\\n * Fasten the end and middle joists to the beams using galvanized 3”-10d nails.\\n * Square the frame using the 3-4-5 rule, and check and adjust level if needed.\\n\\n*This is where I decided to lay out some ground cloth to prevent weeds from growing. I covered the cloth with a thin layer of gravel. I wanted to make sure there was space for air to flow under the shed floor to help keep moisture down. I could have done it before building the frame, but making square and level adjustments would have been more difficult.\\n\\n * Install the joist hangers at the marks on the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!).\\n * Cut the joists and place into the hangers.\\n * Toe-nail the joists through the joist hangers into the beams with 4 galvanized 3”-10d nails.\\n * Check for square and level...again!\\n\\nSource: Strongtie.com\\n\\nPro Tip: Use an End Cut preservative to seal all cuts before assembling the\\nframe.\\n\\nI seal all saw cuts with a wood preservative.\\n\\nI laid out the garden cloth and covered it with a thin layer of gravel.\\n\\nUse 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!) and toe-nail using\\nfour 3” 10d galvanized nails.\\n\\nOnce the frame is together, I checked for square and level, and made sure\\nthere was space for airflow between the joists and gravel.\\n\\nShed Floor\\n\\nFor the floor of the shed, I followed the advice I wrote in the article about\\nshed floor plywood thickness. Pressure treated 3⁄4” exterior grade (CDX)\\nplywood is rot and moisture resistant. The heavier thickness won’t sag, and\\nsurface defects have been removed and replaced with football shaped plugs\\ngiving a smooth surface too.\\n\\nThe single sheet needed for the floor was simple to place and made squaring\\nthe frame easy. Use 2-1/2” galvanized nails or treated deck screws – I made\\nsure they were rated for pressure treated use or they would quickly corrode.\\nThe nails or screws should be spaced 12-inches apart on the joists and beams.\\nBe careful not to hit the nails attaching the joists to the beams.\\n\\nPro Tip: To learn more about what type of fasteners to use for shed building\\nread my post here.\\n\\n## Step 3: Wall Framing\\n\\nWith the floor built it was time to plan, layout, and build the walls. I\\ndecided to use the floor deck as a level space to assemble all the wall\\nsections; much easier than on uneven ground. As part of the planning, I lay\\nout the walls on paper so I can also do up a materials list. I hate having to\\ndrop what I’m doing and go to the lumber store because I’m a 2×4 short!\\n\\nI was struggling with the 8-foot front wall layout and trying to limit waste\\nand cost. I planned to use LP SmartSide panel siding which comes in 4×8\\nsheets. If I framed for a standard 36” door, I’d need 1 full sheet plus a\\n1-foot strip off a third, leaving almost a full sheet as waste or to store.\\n\\nTo save $45 on a full sheet, I’d need to build a 4-foot door. I could live\\nwith that! If I moved the door opening to be off center, with the door closer\\nto one end, and if it was trimmed it could even be narrower, increasing\\nstorage potential inside.\\n\\nIn the end:\\n\\nA 96-inch long wall, less 48” for the 4×8 SmartSide, less door trim – 2 planks\\n1×4 (3.5”) = 7” + 1⁄4 space between doors, leaves a 40-3/4” wide door.\\n\\nUsing 16o.c. framing I’d need 3 2x4s (including the trimmer stud) on each side\\nof the door opening to attach the SmartSide and trim to; that was doable!\\n\\nBack Wall\\n\\nThe back wall was straightforward framing. Place the top and bottom plate\\ntogether, mark both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4,\\nand place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where studs will be\\nlocated.\\n\\nCut the studs and place them between the bottom and top plates. Fasten the\\noutside studs to form the frame, and then fasten all studs. Square the wall\\nand screw a 2x4x10 diagonally to keep the wall frame square and rigid. I then\\nleaned it out of the way against the existing shed.\\n\\nSide Walls\\n\\nThe two side walls were also straightforward framing. I just repeated the same\\nsteps as used to construct for back wall frame. Place them out of the way.\\n\\nThe side walls were straightforward framing.\\n\\nLean the walls where they are easy to get, and so they can’t fall and be\\ndamaged or injure someone.\\n\\nFront Wall\\n\\nHaving planned the front wall layout, I placed the top and bottom plates\\ntogether. Marked where the king studs for the door would go, remembering not\\nto mark for studs between them. Then I marked both plates going from left to\\nright – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark –\\nagain this is where studs will be located.\\n\\nAssemble the wall frame the same as the other three walls. I added an extra\\nstud beside each king stud. I used two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh\\nit out to 3-1⁄2” thick for the header. The header for the door goes between\\nthe two king studs, and then the trimmer studs get nailed into place. With\\neverything nailed together, move the wall out of the way.\\n\\nThe front wall before the double stud and trimmer stud were added.\\n\\nThe header is two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh it out to 3-1⁄2”\\nthick.\\n\\nWith the walls all framed, it was time to put them all together. The back wall\\nwould be impossible to finish once it was in place, so I had to sheath and\\nwaterproof it before raising it into place. LI laid the back wall on the floor\\nplatform. Removed the diagonal brace, and placed the 7/16” OSB sheathing so it\\ngoes past the bottom plate by 1-inch. I also used the OSB to help square the\\nwall before nailing it on.\\n\\nThe 7/16”OSB was attached to the stud frame (including the bottom and top\\nplate) using 3-inch 10d galvanized nails or screws.\\n\\nAttach Tar Paper\\n\\nTo protect the “exterior” of the wall, I chose to use tar paper as a barrier\\nagainst weather and moisture damage. I unrolled the 1^st or bottom row and\\nstapled it to the OSB. I left enough of an overhang at both ends to wrap over\\nthe 2×4 stud.\\n\\nI unrolled the 2^nd or middle row of tar paper and overlapped the lower layer\\nby about 6-inches. Stapled it down and rolled out the last row. I let it\\noverlap the middle row, so it was flush with the top edge of the OSB and\\nstapled it down. Both rows should be as long as the first row too. Curl the\\nends down over the end 2×4 studs, and staple to hold.\\n\\nWalls Assembly\\n\\nI began assembling the walls with the sheathed and protected back wall. Lifted\\nthe wall and used a 2×4 to brace it upright. Aligned it with the floor edges,\\nand used 3-1/2” 16d galvanized nails or coated (green) screws to secure the\\nbottom plate to the floor and beam.\\n\\nWith the back wall nailed and braced into position, I placed the left wall\\nonto the floor. Aligned it with the floor edge and back wall, and fastened it\\nto the floor and joist using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws. I used\\nthe same fasteners to connect the end studs of the two walls. Plumbed and\\nbraced the walls.\\n\\nI moved the right wall into place. Aligned the bottom edge and the back, and\\nused 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws to fasten it to the joist and the\\nback wall. Plumbed and braced as with the left wall.\\n\\nI lifted the front wall into position; aligned it with the floor edge and side\\nwalls. Fastened the bottom plate to the front beam, and then to the side walls\\nusing 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws.\\n\\nI cut the top plates for the two side walls so they overlap the front wall.\\nUsed 3-inch nails to secure the top plates into place. The overlap ties the\\nside wall more securely to the front wall.\\n\\n## Step 4: Building Lean To Roof\\n\\nI live in a snowy climate, and the lean-to roof slope gave me some concerns.\\nThe ideal roof slope for the climate is 5/12, or better. That means for every\\n12-inches (or foot) the roof runs; it goes up 5-inches. The steeper the slope,\\nthe faster it sheds snow, ice, and leaves, so less build-up.\\n\\nThe best I could do was a 2/12 slope. Any greater and even my wife would have\\nto duck going in! The roof is narrow enough, and close enough to the ground,\\nthat if snow build-up got too great, I could use a snow rake to remove it.\\nPlus, it wasn’t a big roof with the trusses/rafters unsupported for a long\\ndistance.\\n\\nI checked the options for finishing the roof. The house and original shed had\\nasphalt shingles, and I planned to use matching shingles if I could.\\n\\nMaterial options:\\n\\n * Asphalt shingles: manufacturers recommend a 4/12 slope or greater for asphalt shingles. The minimum rating is 2/12, and the shingle should be labeled “Low Slope”. The least expensive option, but only warrantied for 10 to 15 years.\\n\\n * Metal: low slope metal roofing is usually sheets of ribbed metal, known as standing seam, that are rated for slopes as low as 1⁄2”/12. It’s more expensive than asphalt shingles (between 2 and 8 times the cost) but longer lasting and is warrantied for 25 or more years.\\n\\n * Composite: composite shingles are more durable than asphalt shingles and are resistant to UV, mold, moss and algae damage. They are often made partly with recycled materials, and are even fire resistant! More expensive than the cost of steel roofing, and depending on the grade of composite shingle 8 to 32 times the cost of asphalt shingles. However, it is warrantied for 30 to 50 years.\\n\\nSource: BP Canada\\n\\nWarning: Never use asphalt shingles on a slope less than 2/12!\\n\\nIt’s recommended that galvanized 10 to 12 gauge nails with a 3/8” head be\\nused. The nails should be long enough to go 3/4” into the wood of the roof\\ndeck too. The nail head should sit flat and flush with the shingle when driven\\nin.\\n\\nSource: BP Canada\\n\\nLean To Roof Framing\\n\\nTo maximize the back wall height, and due to the roof overhang of the existing\\nshed the lean-to butts against, I decided to attach the rafters to the double\\ntop plate using Simpson Strong-Tie ridge rafter connectors. The 2×4 rafters\\nwould be sheathed with 19/32 tongue and groove OSB, and then I’d use asphalt\\nshingles to finish the roof.\\n\\nThe ridge rafter hangers may be secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD\\nStructural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\\n\\nThe rafters were attached to front wall top plate with Simpson Hurricane Ties\\nand secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or\\ngalvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\\n\\nSource: Strongtie.com\\n\\nStep-by-Step process I used the practices laid out in my article about shed\\nroof framing to calculate the length of the rafters and to layout and cut the\\nangles of the birdsmouth. Once a pattern rafter was cut, it was used to mark\\nall the remaining common rafters. For short rafters, it may be easier to set\\none in place and use a square to mark the cuts, and then use it as a pattern\\nafter making all the cuts.\\n\\n#### Select the Lumber\\n\\nTo select the lumber for the rafters I use a Rafter Span Table to determine\\nthe spacing and dimension lumber for your rafters. The dimension lumber needed\\nfor the rafter is determined by the span or unsupported distance the rafter\\nmust run. For my lean-to 2×4 lumber at 16”-centers are acceptable as the\\ndistance is less than 5-feet.\\n\\n#### Determine Length and Spacing\\n\\nThe length of the rafter from the front edge of the back wall double plate to\\nthe front edge of the double plate of the front wall I calculated using the\\ntotal rise and the total run it traverses. A bit of middle school math called\\nthe Pythagorean Theorem and a calculator, or use a construction calculator, or\\na free one online rafter calculator, to help determine the length. This also\\nidentifies where the notch or back of the birdsmouth begins.\\n\\nTo calculate the length of the rafter I multiply the (rise x rise) + (run x\\nrun), find the square root, and I have the distance the rafter must span –\\nremember to use the same units! For my rafter it was (8”x8”) + (48”x48”) =\\n2368”, find the square root and the span is 48.66” or 48-21/32”+/-. This is\\nrafter length before adding the extra distance for the eave overhang.\\n\\nThe acceptable spacing according to the Rafter Span Tables can be 12” or 16”\\nwith 2x4s. I chose 16” centers so the rafters would sit over top of each of\\nthe studs, improving the load transfer and increasing the roof support.\\n\\n#### Cut Plumb Angles\\n\\nTo calculate the plumb angle for the rafter ends and the birdsmouth I use a\\nframing square.I layout the cut for the ridge end of the rafter first, and\\nthen mark where the birdsmouth begins. I set the long arm of the square\\nagainst the bottom side of the rafter at 12”, and align the short arm with the\\ntop corner of the rafter end. Keeping the 12” and corner reference, I gently\\nslide the short arm down until it sits at the bottom edge of the rafter at the\\ndesired rise of the roof – 2”s for my roof. I double check the 12” and corner\\nreference and the rise reference and draw a line from the upper corner down\\nthe short arm. That is the plumb line for the rafter cut.\\n\\n#### Mark and Cut a Birdsmouth\\n\\nThe location of the back of the birdsmouth that hooks over the top plate of\\nthe outer wall is where the mark for the length of the rafter is. I draw a\\nplumb line on the rafter at that mark similar to the ridge end of the rafter.\\n\\nThe minimum thickness of the rafter sitting on the top plate according to most\\nbuilding codes is 1-1/2”s. However, the rule of thumb is that the cut should\\nnot be deeper than a third of the thickness of the rafter. For a 2×4 rafter\\nthat would be 1-3/16”s deep.\\n\\nI use the building square on the underside of the rafter with the short arm\\ndown. I move the inside of the short arm up the plumb line from the rafter\\nbottom to the desired depth – checking the square is aligned on the plumb\\nline. I mark a line along the rafter where the underside of the long arm of\\nthe square sits. The two lines form the cut out for the birdsmouth.\\n\\nI determine the length of the overhang or eves, and align the square to\\nsimilar to cutting the ridge end of the rafter and mark the cut for the tail\\nof the rafter.\\n\\nThe rafters cut, notched, and ready to install.\\n\\nThe two end clips for the side rafters have one wing cut off – make sure to\\ncut off the left from one clip and the right from another clip.\\n\\nI installed the rafter clips at 16-inch centers, above each of the studs.\\nSecuring the rafter hangers with 2-1/2” 8d or 10d galvanized nails or 2-1/2”\\nSimpson SD Structural Connector screws.\\n\\nI placed the rafters into the clips and fastened them with 1-1/2” 8d\\ngalvanized nails or 1-1/2” SD Connector screws.\\n\\nI could have attached the rafters to the front wall plate using 16d (3-1/2”)\\nnails to toenail them into place. Instead, I used Hurricane Ties to secure\\nthem and to prevent any wind lift, also less chance of splitting the rafter.\\n2-1/2” and 1-1/2” SD Structural Connector screws fastened the Ties to the top\\nplate and the rafters respectively.\\n\\nTo secure the two end rafters I used “L” brackets with 1-1/2” SD connector\\nscrews.\\n\\n## Step 5: Install Roof Sheathing\\n\\nFor sheathing a roof either plywood or OSB are fine. The building code sets\\nminimum thicknesses based on snow load and rafter spacing. I used 19/32” T&G\\nOSB, it’s less expensive than plywood, plus I had half a sheet left over from\\nanother job! (I never throw out wood that could be used someday!)\\n\\nI tacked the fascia into place and used clamps to hold the bottom sheet of\\nsheathing in place after aligning it. I measure the next piece, cut and slid\\nit into place. Because the lean too was tight to the existing shed and its\\nroof overhang, I secured the upper piece first. The lower piece was easier to\\nslide up into the groove channel from below. I removed the fascia so it\\nwouldn’t be damaged if I needed to persuade the lower piece into the groove.\\nUse 2-1/2” (8d) galvanized nails to fasten the OSB to the rafters.\\n\\nI cut the roof felt on the ground, ensuring it had about 4 to 6 inches extra\\nat both ends. Rolled out the first row, stapled (use stainless steel staples)\\nit into place. The second row I rolled out, so it overlapped the first and\\nstapled too.\\n\\nI could have used a self-adhering roofing membrane, but size and cost were\\ndetermining factors.\\n\\n## Step 6: Install Siding\\n\\nLP SmartSide panels or T1-11 panels? What’s the difference? T1-11 panels came\\nout in the 1960s and are plywood based panels that have grooves cut into them.\\nThey look like board and batten siding on a vertical application, or shiplap\\nsiding on the horizontal.\\n\\nLP SmartSide panels look like T1-11 panels but are made of OSB based material.\\nHowever, the OSB strands are coated with zinc borate and then fused together\\nwith a resin mixed with marine wax. The panel more water and insect resistant\\nthan T1-11. The panel is then given a resin-saturated Smart Guard overlay for\\npainting and protection.\\n\\nThe SmartSide panels are also less likely to develop cracks or layer\\nseparation than the T1-11. One other side issue, porcupines like the glue in\\nthe plywood T1-11 panels, but don’t like the resin in SmartSide panels.\\n\\nI decided to use LP SmartSide panels which are 3/8-inch 4×8 sheets. I could\\nhave used vinyl siding, but time and cost were determining factors. I needed 3\\nSmartSide panels which cost $45 in my local store, vinyl would cost $220\\n-$280, and I’d still need to sheath it! Time and money!\\n\\nTo make installation easier, I attached support for the side panels 1-1/2”\\nbelow the bottom plate. I stood the side sheets up and used claps to hold them\\nin position while I marked them for cutting.\\n\\nThe manufacturer suggests applying glue to the studs for added adhesion\\nstrength. They recommend that 1-1/2” screws or 2” galvanized nails be used and\\nspaced every 12-inches. All cuts should also be painted, and all openings\\nsealed or flashed to prevent moisture damage.\\n\\nI used construction grade adhesive to add strength to the SmartSide panel\\nfastening.\\n\\nWith the SmartSiding attached, I installed the wall-roof trim on the side\\nwalls flush to the roof sheathing and fastened the fascia board into place. I\\nthen trimmed the roofing felt so the flashing and drip edge could be\\ninstalled.\\n\\nFascia and Rake Fascia Before installing the flashing, the rake fascia (gable\\nend fascia) had to be fitted and cut. I marked the angles with a speed square\\nand cut the back end. I held the rake board flush with the roof deck, verified\\nthe front angle and length for both ends, and then cut both rake fascia\\nboards. I use 8d galvanized nails to secure both rake fascia boards into\\nplace, and the fascia board to the front of the rafters.\\n\\nI installed the drip edge on the front side first and used aluminum nails to\\nfasten it. It should go under roofing felt to allow the roof to shed moisture\\nproperly.\\n\\nThe drip edge on the side walls goes over the roofing felt and is fastened\\nusing aluminum nails.\\n\\nTrim or bend the drip edge at the corners for a more weatherproof finish.\\n\\nThe roof is now ready for shingling!\\n\\n## Step 7: Install Shingles\\n\\nI choose architectural roofing shingles to match the other buildings on my\\nproperty. Using a scrap piece of sheathing as a cutting board, I trimmed the\\ntabs off three shingles – enough to do the first row at the drip edge. The\\ntrimmed strips were installed upside down, so the sticky side was up, and\\nsecured with 1-1/4” roofing nails so 3/8” overlapped the front of the drip\\nedge.\\n\\nI trimmed the tabs off another 3 shingles and nailed them upside right on top\\nof the upside down shingles as a starter strip. Offset the next row by 1/3 of\\na shingle to protect the seams and nail the next row into place, keeping it\\naligned with the chalk line. I continued shingling the roof using a chalk line\\nto keep the rows straight.\\n\\nThe tools for shingling a roof are fairly simple, a hammer, a metal speed\\nsquare, chalk line, knife, and shingle nails.\\n\\nTrim the tabs off enough shingles to do the first row twice. One set goes\\nupside down, and the other set goes upside right on top of the first set as\\nthe starter strip. The first full shingle is offset by a 1/3^rd and nail into\\nplace.\\n\\nInstall the second set of tab-less shingles upside right on top of the first\\nset.\\n\\nFinish shingling the roof, off-setting each row from the previous row by\\n1/3^rd of a shingle.\\n\\nSeal the gap between the roof and back wall with a polyurethane sealant.\\n\\n## Step 8: Install Trim\\n\\nI sanded 1x4x8 lumber to use for the trim, the same as I’d used for the fascia\\nand rake fascia. I cut the pieces for the front corner trim first so the front\\nboard would overlap the side board. Angle cut the top of the side trim boards,\\nthen marked and cut the length. I used 8d galvanized nails to attach the trim\\nthrough the SmartSide and into the studs. One nail every 12-inches beginning\\n2-inches from the ends to avoid splitting.\\n\\nThe back two corners I trimmed and nailed the same as the side of the front\\ncorner. The trim on the door opening was straightforward. I installed the\\nheader trim 1-inch above the door opening and made it long enough to overlap\\nthe top of the side casing trim. I measured and cut the casing trim, butted\\nthem under the header trim, and nailed the door trim the same way the rest of\\nthe trim was installed.\\n\\nPrime the Trim\\n\\nWith all the trim attached, it was time to prime it for painting. A brush for\\nedging and a roller for the face make quick work of the task.\\n\\n## Step 9: Caulking\\n\\nTo better weatherproof the trim and shed, I caulked the trim seams with a good\\noutdoor paintable caulking.\\n\\n## Step 10: Paint Siding and Trim\\n\\nWith the trim primed and caulked, it was time to figure out what kind of paint\\nto use. The siding was prefinished, but it could also be painted any color you\\nchoose. An acrylic latex paint designed for wood composites is highly\\nrecommended if painting the SmartSide panels. It worked great on the primed\\ntrim too.\\n\\n## Step 11: Building Double Door\\n\\nThe finishing touch was the double shed door. Having built them for two\\nprevious sheds, I decided the tried and true would be best. I’ll give a brief\\nexplanation and save the detailed explanation for a separate article on how to\\nbuild double shed doors.\\n\\nI used tongue-and-groove 9/16”x6”x8’ pine boards to make the two 20-1/4”x168”\\ndoor panels for the 40-3/4” door opening. Each board was glued at the groove,\\nand the panel reinforced with 3 horizontal and two diagonal battens on the\\nback side of the door, making the outer face nice and clean. I made sure the\\ndiagonal braces pointed down and into the hanging jamb.\\n\\nOnce the door panels were built, I sanded, primed and painted them the same\\ncolor as the shed siding.\\n\\n## Step 12: Install Shed Doors\\n\\nThe hardware is common spring-loaded gate hinges. For added security, I use 2\\ngalvanized bolts per hinge, one in the hinge plate and one in the tee arm. I\\nalso add a hasp and lock to keep it closed so little hands can’t get at\\nsomething that could harm them.\\n\\nI hope you enjoyed this article and it was informative and interesting. If you\\nknow someone who is planning to build a lean-to shed, please share with them.\\nYour feedback and comments are greatly appreciated. Remember to check back\\nsoon for our article on how to build shed doors.\\n\\nEugene Sokol\\n\\nEugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative\\nwhile inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home\\nimprovement, renovation and woodworking.\\n\\nHi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have\\nbuilt two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool\\nstuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\\n\\n© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA\\nPolicy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com\\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\\nto Amazon.com.\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}},{"rowIdx":399,"cells":{"article_id":{"kind":"number","value":1319961,"string":"1,319,961"},"question":{"kind":"string","value":"How To Write a Scientific Abstract"},"answer":{"kind":"string","value":"When you write an academic abstract, start with 1 to 3 introductory sentences that explain the study’s topic, purpose, and research questions. Then, follow up with 2 to 3 sentences on how you conducted your study, including its duration and sample size. Next, write 1 to 2 sentences on the results of the study. Finally, conclude with 1 to 2 sentences on the main point and impact of the research."},"related_document_urls_wayback_snapshots":{"kind":"list like","value":["http://web.archive.org/web/20211210174848/https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html","http://web.archive.org/web/20170927132346/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/","http://web.archive.org/web/20200521041302/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/"],"string":"[\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211210174848/https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927132346/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/\",\n \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200521041302/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/\"\n]"},"split":{"kind":"string","value":"train"},"cluster":{"kind":"number","value":697,"string":"697"},"related_documents_content":{"kind":"list like","value":[{"original_url":"https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20211210174848/https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html","parsed_text":{"title":"How to Write Guide: Sections of the Paper","passages":["The scientific format may seem confusing for the beginning science writer due to its rigid structure which is so different from writing in the humanities. One reason for using this format is that it is a means of efficiently communicating scientific findings to the broad community of scientists in a uniform manner. Another reason, perhaps more important than the first, is that this format allows the paper to be read at several different levels. For example, many people skim Titles to find out what information is available on a subject. Others may read only titles and Abstracts. Those wanting to go deeper may look at the Tables and Figures in the Results, and so on. The take home point here is that the scientific format helps to insure that at whatever level a person reads your paper (beyond title skimming), they will likely get the key results and conclusions.","Most journal-style scientific papers are subdivided into the following sections: Title, Authors and Affiliation, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and Literature Cited, which parallel the experimental process. This is the system we will use. This website describes the style, content, and format associated with each section.","Main Section Headings: Each main section of the paper begins with a heading which should be capitalized, centered at the beginning of the section, and double spaced from the lines above and below. Do not underline the section heading OR put a colon at the end.","Subheadings: When your paper reports on more than one experiment, use subheadings to help organize the presentation. Subheadings should be capitalized (first letter in each word), left justified, and either bold italics OR underlined.","1. Function: Your paper should begin with a Title that succinctly describes the contents of the paper. Use descriptive words that you would associate strongly with the content of your paper: the molecule studied, the organism used or studied, the treatment, the location of a field site, the response measured, etc. A majority of readers will find your paper via electronic database searches and those search engines key on words found in the title.","The title should be centered at the top of page 1 (DO NOT use a title page - it is a waste of paper for our purposes); the title is NOT underlined or italicized.","the authors' names (PI or primary author first) and institutional affiliation are double-spaced from and centered below the title. When more then two authors, the names are separated by commas except for the last which is separated from the previous name by the word \"and\".","The title is not a section, but it is necessary and important. The title should be short and unambiguous, yet be an adequate description of the work. A general rule-of-thumb is that the title should contain the key words describing the work presented. Remember that the title becomes the basis for most on-line computer searches - if your title is insufficient, few people will find or read your paper. For example, in a paper reporting on an experiment involving dosing mice with the sex hormone estrogen and watching for a certain kind of courtship behavior, a poor title would be:","Why? It is very general, and could be referring to any of a number of mouse behaviors. A better title would be:","Why? Because the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent, and the experimental organism. If possible, give the key result of the study in the title, as seen in the first example. Similarly, the above title could be restated as:","1. Function: An abstract summarizes, in one paragraph (usually), the major aspects of the entire paper in the following prescribed sequence:","Name or briefly describe the basic methodology used without going into excessive detail-be sure to indicate the key techniques used.","How do you know when you have enough information in your Abstract? A simple rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing an study similar to the one you are reporting. If your Abstract was the only part of the paper you could access, would you be happy with the information presented there?","2. Style: The Abstract is ONLY text. Use the active voice when possible, but much of it may require passive constructions. Write your Abstract using concise, but complete, sentences, and get to the point quickly. Use past tense. Maximum length should be 200-300 words, usually in a single paragraph.","3. Strategy: Although it is the first section of your paper, the Abstract, by definition, must be written last since it will summarize the paper. To begin composing your Abstract, take whole sentences or key phrases from each section and put them in a sequence which summarizes the paper. Then set about revising or adding words to make it all cohesive and clear. As you become more proficient you will most likely compose the Abstract from scratch.","4. Check your work: Once you have the completed abstract, check to make sure that the information in the abstract completely agrees with what is written in the paper. Confirm that all the information appearing the abstract actually appears in the body of the paper.","Establish the context of the work being reported. This is accomplished by discussing the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating;","2. Style: Use the active voice as much as possible. Some use of first person is okay, but do not overdo it.","3. Structure: The structure of the Introduction can be thought of as an inverted triangle - the broadest part at the top representing the most general information and focusing down to the specific problem you studied. Organize the information to present the more general aspects of the topic early in the Introduction, then narrow toward the more specific topical information that provides context, finally arriving at your statement of purpose and rationale. A good way to get on track is to sketch out the Introduction backwards; start with the specific purpose and then decide what is the scientific context in which you are asking the question(s) your study addresses. Once the scientific context is decided, then you'll have a good sense of what level and type of general information with which the Introduction should begin.","Begin your Introduction by clearly identifying the subject area of interest. Do this by using key words from your Title in the first few sentences of the Introduction to get it focused directly on topic at the appropriate level. This insures that you get to the primary subject matter quickly without losing focus, or discussing information that is too general. For example, in the mouse behavior paper, the words hormones and behavior would likely appear within the first one or two sentences of the Introduction.","Establish the context by providing a brief and balanced review of the pertinent published literature that is available on the subject. The key is to summarize (for the reader) what we knew about the specific problem before you did your experiments or studies. This is accomplished with a general review of the primary research literature (with citations) but should not include very specific, lengthy explanations that you will probably discuss in greater detail later in the Discussion. The judgment of what is general or specific is difficult at first, but with practice and reading of the scientific literature you will develop e firmer sense of your audience. In the mouse behavior paper, for example, you would begin the Introduction at the level of mating behavior in general, then quickly focus to mouse mating behaviors and then hormonal regulation of behavior. Lead the reader to your statement of purpose/hypothesis by focusing your literature review from the more general context (the big picture e.g., hormonal modulation of behaviors) to the more specific topic of interest to you (e.g., role/effects of reproductive hormones, especially estrogen, in modulating specific sexual behaviors of mice.)","What literature should you look for in your review of what we know about the problem? Focus your efforts on the primary research journals - the journals that publish original research articles. Although you may read some general background references (encyclopedias, textbooks, lab manuals, style manuals, etc.) to get yourself acquainted with the subject area, do not cite these, becasue they contain information that is considered fundamental or \"common\" knowledge wqithin the discipline. Cite, instead, articles that reported specific results relevant to your study. Learn, as soon as possible, how to find the primary literature (research journals) and review articles rather than depending on reference books. The articles listed in the Literature Cited of relevant papers you find are a good starting point to move backwards in a line of inquiry. Most academic libraries support the Citation Index - an index which is useful for tracking a line of inquiry forward in time. Some of the newer search engines will actually send you alerts of new papers that cite particular articles of interest to you. Review articles are particularly useful because they summarize all the research done on a narrow subject area over a brief period of time (a year to a few years in most cases).","Be sure to clearly state the purpose and /or hypothesis that you investigated. When you are first learning to write in this format it is okay, and actually preferable, to use a pat statement like, \"The purpose of this study was to....\" or \"We investigated three possible mechanisms to explain the ... (1) blah, blah..(2) etc. It is most usual to place the statement of purpose near the end of the Introduction, often as the topic sentence of the final paragraph. It is not necessary (or even desirable) to use the words \"hypothesis\" or \"null hypothesis\", since these are usually implicit if you clearly state your purpose and expectations.","Provide a clear statement of the rationale for your approach to the problem studied. For example: State briefly how you approached the problem (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the last paragraph of the Introduction. Why did you choose this kind of experiment or experimental design? What are the scientific merits of this particular model system? What advantages does it confer in answering the particular question(s) you are posing? Do not discuss here the actual techniques or protocols used in your study (this will be done in the Materials and Methods); your readers will be quite familiar with the usual techniques and approaches used in your field. If you are using a novel (new, revolutionary, never used before) technique or methodology, the merits of the new technique/method versus the previously used methods should be presented in the Introduction.","1. Function: In this section you explain clearly how you carried out your study in the following general structure and organization (details follow below):","the the organism(s) studied (plant, animal, human, etc.) and, when relevant, their pre-experiment handling and care, and when and where the study was carried out (only if location and time are important factors); note that the term \"subject\" is used ONLY for human studies.","if you did a field study, provide a description of the study site, including the significant physical and biological features, and the precise location (latitude and longitude, map, etc);","the experimental OR sampling design (i.e., how the experiment or study was structured. For example, controls, treatments, what variable(s) were measured, how many samples were collected, replication, the final form of the data, etc.);","how the data were analyzed (qualitative analyses and/or statistical procedures used to determine significance, data transformations used, what probability was used to decide significance, etc).","2. Style: The style in this section should read as if you were verbally describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a certain extent, although this section requires more use of third person, passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this section. Remember to use the past tense throughout - the work being reported is done, and was performed in the past, not the future. The Methods section is not a step-by-step, directive, protocol as you might see in your lab manual.","Describe the organism(s) used in the study. This includes giving the (1) source (supplier or where and how the orgranisms were collected), (2) typical size (weight, length, etc), (3) how they were handled, fed, and housed before the experiment, (4) how they were handled, fed, and housed during the experiment. In genetics studies include the strains or genetic stocks used. For some studies, age may be an important factor. For example, did you use mouse pups or adults? Seedlings or mature plants?","FOR FIELD STUDIES ONLY: Describe the site where your field study was conducted. The description must include both physical and biological characteristics of the site pertinant to the study aims. Include the date(s) of the study (e.g., 10-15 April 1994) and the exact location of the study area. Location data must be as precise as possible: \"Grover Nature Preserve, 1⁄2 mi SW Grover, Maine\" rather than \"Grover Nature Preserve\" or \"Grover\". When possible, give the actual latitude and longitude position of the site: these can be obtained using handheld GPS units, OR, from web resources such as Google Earth(TM) and MapQuest(TM). It is often a good idea to include a map (labeled as a Figure) showing the study location in relation to some larger more recognizable geographic area. Someone else should be able to go to the exact location of your study site if they want to repeat or check your work, or just visit your study area.","NOTE: For laboratory studies you need not report the date and location of the study UNLESS it is necessary information for someone to have who might wish to repeat your work or use the same facility. Most often it is not. If you have performed experiments at a particular location or lab because it is the only place to do it, or one of a few, then you should note that in your methods and identify the lab or facility.","Describe your experimental design clearly. Be sure to include the hypotheses you tested, controls, treatments, variables measured, how many replicates you had, what you actually measured, what form the data take, etc. Always identify treatments by the variable or treatment name, NOT by an ambiguous, generic name or number (e.g., use \"2.5% NaCl\" rather than \"test 1\".) When your paper includes more than one experiment, use subheadings to help organize your presentation by experiment. A general experimental design worksheet is available to help plan your experiments in the core courses.","Describe the procedures for your study in sufficient detail that other scientists could repeat your work to verify your findings. Foremost in your description should be the \"quantitative\" aspects of your study - the masses, volumes, incubation times, concentrations, etc., that another scientist needs in order to duplicate your experiment. When using standard lab or field methods and instrumentation, it is not always necessary to explain the procedures (e.g., serial dilution) or equipment used (e.g., autopipetter) since other scientists will likely be familiar with them already.","You may want to identify certain types of equipment by vendor name and brand or category (e.g., ultracentrifuge vs. prep centrifuge), particularly if they are not commonly found in most labs. It is appropriate to report, parenthetically, the source (vendor) and catalog number for reagents used, e.g., \"....poly-L-lysine (Sigma #1309).\" When using a method described in another published source, you can save time and words by providing the relevant citation to the source. Always make sure to describe any modifications you have made of a standard or published method.","NOTE: Very frequently the experimental design and data collection procedures for an experiment cannot be separated and must be integrated together. If you find yourself repeating lots of information about the experimental design when describing the data collection procedure(s), likely you can combine them and be more concise.","NOTE: Although tempting, DO NOT say that you \"recorded the data,\" i.e., in your lab notebook, in the Methods description. Of course you did, because that is what all good scientists do, and it is a given that you recorded your measurements and observations.","Statistical software used: Sometimes it is necessary to report which statistical software you used; this would be at the discretion of your instructor or the journal;","how the data were summarized (Means, percent, etc) and how you are reporting measures of variability (SD,SEM, 95% CI, etc)","Avoid repeatedly using a single sentence to relate a single action; this results in very lengthy, wordy passages. A related sequence of actions can be combined into one sentence to improve clarity and readability:","1. Function: The function of the Results section is to objectively present your key results, without interpretation, in an orderly and logical sequence using both text and illustrative materials (Tables and Figures). The results section always begins with text, reporting the key results and referring to your figures and tables as you proceed. Summaries of the statistical analyses may appear either in the text (usually parenthetically) or in the relevant Tables or Figures (in the legend or as footnotes to the Table or Figure). The Results section should be organized around Tables and/or Figures that should be sequenced to present your key findings in a logical order. The text of the Results section should be crafted to follow this sequence and highlight the evidence needed to answer the questions/hypotheses you investigated. Important negative results should be reported, too. Authors usually write the text of the results section based upon the sequence of Tables and Figures.","2. Style: Write the text of the Results section concisely and objectively. The passive voice will likely dominate here, but use the active voice as much as possible. Use the past tense. Avoid repetitive paragraph structures. Do not interpret the data here. The transition into interpretive language can be a slippery slope. Consider the following two examples:","What are the \"results\"?: When you pose a testable hypothesis that can be answered experimentally, or ask a question that can be answered by collecting samples, you accumulate observations about those organisms or phenomena. Those observations are then analyzed to yield an answer to the question. In general, the answer is the \" key result\".","The above statements apply regardless of the complexity of the analysis you employ. So, in an introductory course your analysis may consist of visual inspection of figures and simple calculations of means and standard deviations; in a later course you may be expected to apply and interpret a variety of statistical tests. You instructor will tell you the level of analysis that is expected.","For example, suppose you asked the question, \"Is the average height of male students the same as female students in a pool of randomly selected Biology majors?\" You would first collect height data from large random samples of male and female students. You would then calculate the descriptive statistics for those samples (mean, SD, n, range, etc) and plot these numbers. In a course where statistical tests are not employed, you would visually inspect these plots. Suppose you found that male Biology majors are, on average, 12.5 cm taller than female majors; this is the answer to the question.","Notice that the outcome of a statistical analysis is not a key result, but rather an analytical tool that helps us understand what is our key result.","Organize the results section based on the sequence of Table and Figures you'll include. Prepare the Tables and Figures as soon as all the data are analyzed and arrange them in the sequence that best presents your findings in a logical way. A good strategy is to note, on a draft of each Table or Figure, the one or two key results you want to addess in the text portion of the Results. Simple rules to follow related to Tables and Figures:","Tables and Figures are assigned numbers separately and in the sequence that you will refer to them from the text.","The body of the Results section is a text-based presentation of the key findings which includes references to each of the Tables and Figures. The text should guide the reader through your results stressing the key results which provide the answers to the question(s) investigated. A major function of the text is to provide clarifying information. You must refer to each Table and/or Figure individually and in sequence (see numbering sequence), and clearly indicate for the reader the key results that each conveys. Key results depend on your questions, they might include obvious trends, important differences, similarities, correlations, maximums, minimums, etc.","Do not reiterate each value from a Figure or Table - only the key result or trends that each conveys.","Do not present the same data in both a Table and Figure - this is considered redundant and a waste of space and energy. Decide which format best shows the result and go with it.","Report negative results - they are important! If you did not get the anticipated results, it may mean your hypothesis was incorrect and needs to be reformulated, or perhaps you have stumbled onto something unexpected that warrants further study. Moreover, the absence of an effect may be very telling in many situations. In any case, your results may be of importance to others even though they did not support your hypothesis. Do not fall into the trap of thinking that results contrary to what you expected are necessarily \"bad data\". If you carried out the work well, they are simply your results and need interpretation. Many important discoveries can be traced to \"bad data\".","for an individual value you would write, \"the mean length was 10 m\", or, \"the maximum time was 140 min.\"","Likewise place the unit after the last in a series of numbers all having the same unit. For example: \"lengths of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m\", or \"no differences were observed after 2, 4, 6, or 8 min. of incubation\".","1. Function: The function of the Discussion is to interpret your results in light of what was already known about the subject of the investigation, and to explain our new understanding of the problem after taking your results into consideration. The Discussion will always connect to the Introduction by way of the question(s) or hypotheses you posed and the literature you cited, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the Introduction. Instead, it tells how your study has moved us forward from the place you left us at the end of the Introduction.","Do your findings agree with what others have shown? If not, do they suggest an alternative explanation or perhaps a unforseen design flaw in your experiment (or theirs?)","3. Approach: Organize the Discussion to address each of the experiments or studies for which you presented results; discuss each in the same sequence as presented in the Results, providing your interpretation of what they mean in the larger context of the problem. Do not waste entire sentences restating your results; if you need to remind the reader of the result to be discussed, use \"bridge sentences\" that relate the result to the interpretation:","You must relate your work to the findings of other studies - including previous studies you may have done and those of other investigators. As stated previously, you may find crucial information in someone else's study that helps you interpret your own data, or perhaps you will be able to reinterpret others' findings in light of yours. In either case you should discuss reasons for similarities and differences between yours and others' findings. Consider how the results of other studies may be combined with yours to derive a new or perhaps better substantiated understanding of the problem. Be sure to state the conclusions that can be drawn from your results in light of these considerations. You may also choose to briefly mention further studies you would do to clarify your working hypotheses. Make sure to reference any outside sources as shown in the Introduction section.","Do not introduce new results in the Discussion. Although you might occasionally include in this section tables and figures which help explain something you are discussing, they must not contain new data (from your study) that should have been presented earlier. They might be flow diagrams, accumulation of data from the literature, or something that shows how one type of data leads to or correlates with another, etc. For example, if you were studying a membrane-bound transport channel and you discovered a new bit of information about its mechanism, you might present a diagram showing how your findings helps to explain the channel's mechanism.","If, in your experiment, you received any significant help in thinking up, designing, or carrying out the work, or received materials from someone who did you a favor by supplying them, you must acknowledge their assistance and the service or material provided. Authors always acknowledge outside reviewers of their drafts (in PI courses, this would be done only if an instructor or other individual critiqued the draft prior to evaluation) and any sources of funding that supported the research. Although usual style requirements (e.g., 1st person, objectivity) are relaxed somewhat here, Acknowledgments are always brief and never flowery.","1. Function: The Literature Cited section gives an alphabetical listing (by first author's last name) of the references that you actually cited in the body of your paper. Instructions for writing full citations for various sources are given in on separate page. A complete format list for virtually all types of publication may be found in Huth and others(1994).","Function: An Appendix contains information that is non-essential to understanding of the paper, but may present information that further clarifies a point without burdening the body of the presentation. An appendix is an optional part of the paper, and is only rarely found in published papers.","Headings: Each Appendix should be identified by a Roman numeral in sequence, e.g., Appendix I, Appendix II, etc. Each appendix should contain different material.","explanation of formulas, either already known ones, or especially if you have \"invented\" some statistical or other mathematical procedures for data analysis.","full generic names of chemicals or compounds that you have referred to in somewhat abbreviated fashion or by some common name in the text of your paper.","Figures and Tables are often found in an appendix. These should be formatted as discussed previously (see Tables and Figures), but are numbered in a separate sequence from those found in the body of the paper. So, the first Figure in the appendix would be Figure 1, the first Table would be Table 1, and so forth. In situations when multiple appendices are used, the Table and Figure numbering must indicate the appendix number as well (see Huth and others, 1994)."]},"parsed_md":"How to Write Guide: Sections of the Paper\n\n.....\n\n> ## The Structure, Format, Content, and Style of a Journal-Style Scientific\n> Paper\n>\n> | Table of Contents | FAQs | PDF Version |\n>\n> #####\n>\n> | Rationale | Sections | Section Headings | Title | Authors and Affiliation\n> | Abstract| Introduction| Methods| Results| Discussion | Acknowledgments|\n> Literature Cited | Appendices\n>\n> ### Why a Scientific Format?\n>\n> The scientific format may seem confusing for the beginning science writer\n> due to its rigid structure which is so different from writing in the\n> humanities. One reason for using this format is that it is a means of\n> efficiently communicating scientific findings to the broad community of\n> scientists in a uniform manner. Another reason, perhaps more important than\n> the first, is that this format allows the paper to be read at several\n> different levels. For example, many people skim Titles to find out what\n> information is available on a subject. Others may read only titles and\n> Abstracts. Those wanting to go deeper may look at the Tables and Figures in\n> the Results, and so on. The take home point here is that the scientific\n> format helps to insure that at whatever level a person reads your paper\n> (beyond title skimming), they will likely get the key results and\n> conclusions.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### The Sections of the Paper\n>\n> Most journal-style scientific papers are subdivided into the following\n> sections: Title, Authors and Affiliation, Abstract, Introduction, Methods,\n> Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and Literature Cited, which parallel\n> the experimental process. This is the system we will use. This website\n> describes the style, content, and format associated with each section.\n>\n> The sections appear in a journal style paper in the following prescribed\n> order:\n>\n> |\n>\n> Experimental process\n>\n> |\n>\n> Section of Paper \n> \n> ---|--- \n> \n> What did I do in a nutshell?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Abstract \n> \n> What is the problem?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Introduction \n> \n> How did I solve the problem?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Materials and Methods \n> \n> What did I find out?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Results \n> \n> What does it mean?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Discussion \n> \n> Who helped me out?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Acknowledgments (optional) \n> \n> Whose work did I refer to?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Literature Cited \n> \n> Extra Information\n>\n> |\n>\n> Appendices (optional) \n> \n> ### Section Headings:\n>\n> Main Section Headings: Each main section of the paper begins with a heading\n> which should be capitalized, centered at the beginning of the section, and\n> double spaced from the lines above and below. Do not underline the section\n> heading OR put a colon at the end.\n>\n> Example of a main section heading:\n>\n> INTRODUCTION\n>\n> Subheadings: When your paper reports on more than one experiment, use\n> subheadings to help organize the presentation. Subheadings should be\n> capitalized (first letter in each word), left justified, and either bold\n> italics OR underlined.\n>\n> Example of a subheading:\n>\n> Effects of Light Intensity on the Rate of Electron Transport\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### Title, Authors' Names, and Institutional Affiliations\n>\n> 1\\. Function: Your paper should begin with a Title that succinctly describes\n> the contents of the paper. Use descriptive words that you would associate\n> strongly with the content of your paper: the molecule studied, the organism\n> used or studied, the treatment, the location of a field site, the response\n> measured, etc. A majority of readers will find your paper via electronic\n> database searches and those search engines key on words found in the title.\n>\n> 2\\. Title FAQs\n>\n> 3\\. Format:\n>\n> * The title should be centered at the top of page 1 (DO NOT use a title\n> page - it is a waste of paper for our purposes); the title is NOT underlined\n> or italicized.\n> * the authors' names (PI or primary author first) and institutional\n> affiliation are double-spaced from and centered below the title. When more\n> then two authors, the names are separated by commas except for the last\n> which is separated from the previous name by the word \"and\".\n>\n\n>\n> For example:\n>\n> Ducks Over-Winter in Colorado Barley Fields in Response to Increased Daily\n> Mean Temperature\n>\n> Ima Mallard, Ura Drake, and Woodruff Ducque Department of Wildlife Biology,\n> University of Colorado - Boulder\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> The title is not a section, but it is necessary and important. The title\n> should be short and unambiguous, yet be an adequate description of the work.\n> A general rule-of-thumb is that the title should contain the key words\n> describing the work presented. Remember that the title becomes the basis for\n> most on-line computer searches - if your title is insufficient, few people\n> will find or read your paper. For example, in a paper reporting on an\n> experiment involving dosing mice with the sex hormone estrogen and watching\n> for a certain kind of courtship behavior, a poor title would be:\n>\n> Mouse Behavior\n>\n> Why? It is very general, and could be referring to any of a number of mouse\n> behaviors. A better title would be:\n>\n> The Effects of Estrogen on the Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in Mice\n>\n> Why? Because the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent,\n> and the experimental organism. If possible, give the key result of the study\n> in the title, as seen in the first example. Similarly, the above title could\n> be restated as:\n>\n> Estrogen Stimulates Intensity of Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in Mice\n>\n> 4\\. Strategy for Writing Title.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### ABSTRACT\n>\n> 1\\. Function: An abstract summarizes, in one paragraph (usually), the major\n> aspects of the entire paper in the following prescribed sequence:\n>\n> * the question(s) you investigated (or purpose), (from Introduction)\n>\n> * state the purpose very clearly in the first or second sentence.\n> * the experimental design and methods used, (from Methods)\n>\n> * clearly express the basic design of the study.\n> * Name or briefly describe the basic methodology used without going into\n> excessive detail-be sure to indicate the key techniques used.\n> * the major findings including key quantitative results, or trends (from\n> Results)\n>\n> * report those results which answer the questions you were asking\n> * identify trends, relative change or differences, etc.\n> * a brief summary of your interpetations and conclusions. (from\n> Discussion)\n>\n> * clearly state the implications of the answers your results gave you.\n>\n\n>\n> Whereas the Title can only make the simplest statement about the content of\n> your article, the Abstract allows you to elaborate more on each major aspect\n> of the paper. The length of your Abstract should be kept to about 200-300\n> words maximum (a typical standard length for journals.) Limit your\n> statements concerning each segment of the paper (i.e. purpose, methods,\n> results, etc.) to two or three sentences, if possible. The Abstract helps\n> readers decide whether they want to read the rest of the paper, or it may be\n> the only part they can obtain via electronic literature searches or in\n> published abstracts. Therefore, enough key information (e.g., summary\n> results, observations, trends, etc.) must be included to make the Abstract\n> useful to someone who may to reference your work.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> How do you know when you have enough information in your Abstract? A simple\n> rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing an study\n> similar to the one you are reporting. If your Abstract was the only part of\n> the paper you could access, would you be happy with the information\n> presented there?\n>\n> 2\\. Style: The Abstract is ONLY text. Use the active voice when possible,\n> but much of it may require passive constructions. Write your Abstract using\n> concise, but complete, sentences, and get to the point quickly. Use past\n> tense. Maximum length should be 200-300 words, usually in a single\n> paragraph.\n>\n> The Abstract SHOULD NOT contain:\n>\n> * lengthy background information,\n> * references to other literature,\n> * elliptical (i.e., ending with ...) or incomplete sentences,\n> * abbreviations or terms that may be confusing to readers,\n> * any sort of illustration, figure, or table, or references to them.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> 3\\. Strategy: Although it is the first section of your paper, the Abstract,\n> by definition, must be written last since it will summarize the paper. To\n> begin composing your Abstract, take whole sentences or key phrases from each\n> section and put them in a sequence which summarizes the paper. Then set\n> about revising or adding words to make it all cohesive and clear. As you\n> become more proficient you will most likely compose the Abstract from\n> scratch.\n>\n> 4\\. Check your work: Once you have the completed abstract, check to make\n> sure that the information in the abstract completely agrees with what is\n> written in the paper. Confirm that all the information appearing the\n> abstract actually appears in the body of the paper.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### INTRODUCTION\n>\n> ##### [ strategy | FAQs | style | structure | relevant literature review |\n> statement of purpose | rationale ]\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The function of the Introduction is to:\n>\n> * Establish the context of the work being reported. This is accomplished\n> by discussing the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and\n> summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating;\n> * State the purpose of the work in the form of the hypothesis, question,\n> or problem you investigated; and,\n> * Briefly explain your rationale and approach and, whenever possible, the\n> possible outcomes your study can reveal.\n>\n\n>\n> Quite literally, the Introduction must answer the questions, \"What was I\n> studying? Why was it an important question? What did we know about it before\n> I did this study? How will this study advance our knowledge?\"\n>\n> 2\\. Style: Use the active voice as much as possible. Some use of first\n> person is okay, but do not overdo it.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> 3\\. Structure: The structure of the Introduction can be thought of as an\n> inverted triangle - the broadest part at the top representing the most\n> general information and focusing down to the specific problem you studied.\n> Organize the information to present the more general aspects of the topic\n> early in the Introduction, then narrow toward the more specific topical\n> information that provides context, finally arriving at your statement of\n> purpose and rationale. A good way to get on track is to sketch out the\n> Introduction backwards; start with the specific purpose and then decide what\n> is the scientific context in which you are asking the question(s) your study\n> addresses. Once the scientific context is decided, then you'll have a good\n> sense of what level and type of general information with which the\n> Introduction should begin.\n>\n> Here is the information should flow in your Introduction:\n>\n> * Begin your Introduction by clearly identifying the subject area of\n> interest. Do this by using key words from your Title in the first few\n> sentences of the Introduction to get it focused directly on topic at the\n> appropriate level. This insures that you get to the primary subject matter\n> quickly without losing focus, or discussing information that is too general.\n> For example, in the mouse behavior paper, the words hormones and behavior\n> would likely appear within the first one or two sentences of the\n> Introduction.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * Establish the context by providing a brief and balanced review of the\n> pertinent published literature that is available on the subject. The key is\n> to summarize (for the reader) what we knew about the specific problem before\n> you did your experiments or studies. This is accomplished with a general\n> review of the primary research literature (with citations) but should not\n> include very specific, lengthy explanations that you will probably discuss\n> in greater detail later in the Discussion. The judgment of what is general\n> or specific is difficult at first, but with practice and reading of the\n> scientific literature you will develop e firmer sense of your audience. In\n> the mouse behavior paper, for example, you would begin the Introduction at\n> the level of mating behavior in general, then quickly focus to mouse mating\n> behaviors and then hormonal regulation of behavior. Lead the reader to your\n> statement of purpose/hypothesis by focusing your literature review from the\n> more general context (the big picture e.g., hormonal modulation of\n> behaviors) to the more specific topic of interest to you (e.g., role/effects\n> of reproductive hormones, especially estrogen, in modulating specific sexual\n> behaviors of mice.)\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * What literature should you look for in your review of what we know about\n> the problem? Focus your efforts on the primary research journals - the\n> journals that publish original research articles. Although you may read some\n> general background references (encyclopedias, textbooks, lab manuals, style\n> manuals, etc.) to get yourself acquainted with the subject area, do not cite\n> these, becasue they contain information that is considered fundamental or\n> \"common\" knowledge wqithin the discipline. Cite, instead, articles that\n> reported specific results relevant to your study. Learn, as soon as\n> possible, how to find the primary literature (research journals) and review\n> articles rather than depending on reference books. The articles listed in\n> the Literature Cited of relevant papers you find are a good starting point\n> to move backwards in a line of inquiry. Most academic libraries support the\n> Citation Index - an index which is useful for tracking a line of inquiry\n> forward in time. Some of the newer search engines will actually send you\n> alerts of new papers that cite particular articles of interest to you.\n> Review articles are particularly useful because they summarize all the\n> research done on a narrow subject area over a brief period of time (a year\n> to a few years in most cases).\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * Be sure to clearly state the purpose and /or hypothesis that you\n> investigated. When you are first learning to write in this format it is\n> okay, and actually preferable, to use a pat statement like, \"The purpose of\n> this study was to....\" or \"We investigated three possible mechanisms to\n> explain the ... (1) blah, blah..(2) etc. It is most usual to place the\n> statement of purpose near the end of the Introduction, often as the topic\n> sentence of the final paragraph. It is not necessary (or even desirable) to\n> use the words \"hypothesis\" or \"null hypothesis\", since these are usually\n> implicit if you clearly state your purpose and expectations.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * Provide a clear statement of the rationale for your approach to the\n> problem studied. For example: State briefly how you approached the problem\n> (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria\n> of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the\n> last paragraph of the Introduction. Why did you choose this kind of\n> experiment or experimental design? What are the scientific merits of this\n> particular model system? What advantages does it confer in answering the\n> particular question(s) you are posing? Do not discuss here the actual\n> techniques or protocols used in your study (this will be done in the\n> Materials and Methods); your readers will be quite familiar with the usual\n> techniques and approaches used in your field. If you are using a novel (new,\n> revolutionary, never used before) technique or methodology, the merits of\n> the new technique/method versus the previously used methods should be\n> presented in the Introduction.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### MATERIALS AND METHODS\n>\n> This section is variously called Methods or Methods and Materials.\n>\n> 1\\. Function: In this section you explain clearly how you carried out your\n> study in the following general structure and organization (details follow\n> below):\n>\n> * the the organism(s) studied (plant, animal, human, etc.) and, when\n> relevant, their pre-experiment handling and care, and when and where the\n> study was carried out (only if location and time are important factors);\n> note that the term \"subject\" is used ONLY for human studies.\n> * if you did a field study, provide a description of the study site,\n> including the significant physical and biological features, and the precise\n> location (latitude and longitude, map, etc);\n> * the experimental OR sampling design (i.e., how the experiment or study\n> was structured. For example, controls, treatments, what variable(s) were\n> measured, how many samples were collected, replication, the final form of\n> the data, etc.);\n> * the protocol for collecting data, i.e., how the experimental procedures\n> were carried out, and,\n> * how the data were analyzed (qualitative analyses and/or statistical\n> procedures used to determine significance, data transformations used, what\n> probability was used to decide significance, etc).\n>\n\n>\n> Organize your presentation so your reader will understand the logical flow\n> of the experiment(s); subheadings work well for this purpose. Each\n> experiment or procedure should be presented as a unit, even if it was broken\n> up over time. The experimental design and procedure are sometimes most\n> efficiently presented as an integrated unit, because otherwise it would be\n> difficult to split them up. In general, provide enough quantitative detail\n> (how much, how long, when, etc.) about your experimental protocol such that\n> other scientists could reproduce your experiments. You should also indicate\n> the statistical procedures used to analyze your results, including the\n> probability level at which you determined significance (usually at 0.05\n> probability).\n>\n> 2\\. Style: The style in this section should read as if you were verbally\n> describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a\n> certain extent, although this section requires more use of third person,\n> passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this\n> section. Remember to use the past tense throughout - the work being reported\n> is done, and was performed in the past, not the future. The Methods section\n> is not a step-by-step, directive, protocol as you might see in your lab\n> manual.\n>\n> 3\\. Strategy for writing the Methods section.\n>\n> 4\\. Methods FAQs.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Describe the organism(s) used in the study. This includes giving the (1)\n> source (supplier or where and how the orgranisms were collected), (2)\n> typical size (weight, length, etc), (3) how they were handled, fed, and\n> housed before the experiment, (4) how they were handled, fed, and housed\n> during the experiment. In genetics studies include the strains or genetic\n> stocks used. For some studies, age may be an important factor. For example,\n> did you use mouse pups or adults? Seedlings or mature plants?\n>\n> FOR FIELD STUDIES ONLY: Describe the site where your field study was\n> conducted. The description must include both physical and biological\n> characteristics of the site pertinant to the study aims. Include the date(s)\n> of the study (e.g., 10-15 April 1994) and the exact location of the study\n> area. Location data must be as precise as possible: \"Grover Nature Preserve,\n> 1⁄2 mi SW Grover, Maine\" rather than \"Grover Nature Preserve\" or \"Grover\".\n> When possible, give the actual latitude and longitude position of the site:\n> these can be obtained using handheld GPS units, OR, from web resources such\n> as Google Earth(TM) and MapQuest(TM). It is often a good idea to include a\n> map (labeled as a Figure) showing the study location in relation to some\n> larger more recognizable geographic area. Someone else should be able to go\n> to the exact location of your study site if they want to repeat or check\n> your work, or just visit your study area.\n>\n> * NOTE: For laboratory studies you need not report the date and location\n> of the study UNLESS it is necessary information for someone to have who\n> might wish to repeat your work or use the same facility. Most often it is\n> not. If you have performed experiments at a particular location or lab\n> because it is the only place to do it, or one of a few, then you should note\n> that in your methods and identify the lab or facility.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Describe your experimental design clearly. Be sure to include the hypotheses\n> you tested, controls, treatments, variables measured, how many replicates\n> you had, what you actually measured, what form the data take, etc. Always\n> identify treatments by the variable or treatment name, NOT by an ambiguous,\n> generic name or number (e.g., use \"2.5% NaCl\" rather than \"test 1\".) When\n> your paper includes more than one experiment, use subheadings to help\n> organize your presentation by experiment. A general experimental design\n> worksheet is available to help plan your experiments in the core courses.\n>\n> Describe the procedures for your study in sufficient detail that other\n> scientists could repeat your work to verify your findings. Foremost in your\n> description should be the \"quantitative\" aspects of your study - the masses,\n> volumes, incubation times, concentrations, etc., that another scientist\n> needs in order to duplicate your experiment. When using standard lab or\n> field methods and instrumentation, it is not always necessary to explain the\n> procedures (e.g., serial dilution) or equipment used (e.g., autopipetter)\n> since other scientists will likely be familiar with them already.\n>\n> You may want to identify certain types of equipment by vendor name and brand\n> or category (e.g., ultracentrifuge vs. prep centrifuge), particularly if\n> they are not commonly found in most labs. It is appropriate to report,\n> parenthetically, the source (vendor) and catalog number for reagents used,\n> e.g., \"....poly-L-lysine (Sigma #1309).\" When using a method described in\n> another published source, you can save time and words by providing the\n> relevant citation to the source. Always make sure to describe any\n> modifications you have made of a standard or published method.\n>\n> * NOTE: Very frequently the experimental design and data collection\n> procedures for an experiment cannot be separated and must be integrated\n> together. If you find yourself repeating lots of information about the\n> experimental design when describing the data collection procedure(s), likely\n> you can combine them and be more concise.\n> * NOTE: Although tempting, DO NOT say that you \"recorded the data,\" i.e.,\n> in your lab notebook, in the Methods description. Of course you did, because\n> that is what all good scientists do, and it is a given that you recorded\n> your measurements and observations.\n>\n\n>\n> Describe how the data were summarized and analyzed. Here you will indicate\n> what types of descriptive statistics were used and which analyses (usually\n> hypothesis tests) were employed to answer each of the questions or\n> hypotheses tested and determine statistical siginifcance.\n>\n> The information should include:\n>\n> * Statistical software used: Sometimes it is necessary to report which\n> statistical software you used; this would be at the discretion of your\n> instructor or the journal;\n> * how the data were summarized (Means, percent, etc) and how you are\n> reporting measures of variability (SD,SEM, 95% CI, etc)\n>\n> * this lets you avoid having to repeatedly indicate you are using mean ±\n> SD or SEM.\n> * which data transformations were used(e.g., to correct for normal\n> distribution or equalize variances);\n> * statistical tests used with reference to the particular questions, or\n> kinds of questions, they address. For example,\n>\n\n>\n\n>> \"A Paired t-test was used to compare mean flight duration before and after\napplying stablizers to the glider's wings.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> \"One way ANOVA was used to compare mean weight gain in weight-matched\ncalves fed the three different rations.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> \"Comparisons among the three pH treatment groups for each variable were\ndone using one way ANOVA (with Tukey's post hoc test) or a Kruskal-Wallis Test\n(with Dunn's post hoc test).\"\n\n>\n> * any other numerical (e.g., normalizing data) or graphical techniques\n> used to analyze the data\n> * what probability (a priori) was used to decide significance; usually\n> reported as the Greek symbol alpha.\n> * NOTE: You DO NOT need to say that you made graphs and tables.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Here is some additional advice on particular problems common to new\n> scientific writers.\n>\n> Problem: The Methods section is prone to being wordy or overly detailed.\n>\n> * Avoid repeatedly using a single sentence to relate a single action; this\n> results in very lengthy, wordy passages. A related sequence of actions can\n> be combined into one sentence to improve clarity and readability:\n>\n\n>\n\n>> Problematic Example: This is a very long and wordy description of a common,\nsimple procedure. It is characterized by single actions per sentence and lots\nof unnecessary details.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"The petri dish was placed on the turntable. The lid was then raised\nslightly. An inoculating loop was used to transfer culture to the agar\nsurface. The turntable was rotated 90 degrees by hand. The loop was moved\nlightly back and forth over the agar to spread the culture. The bacteria were\nthen incubated at 37 C for 24 hr.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Improved Example: Same actions, but all the important information is given\nin a single, concise sentence. Note that superfluous detail and otherwise\nobvious information has been deleted while important missing information was\nadded.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"Each plate was placed on a turntable and streaked at opposing angles with\nfresh overnight E. coli culture using an inoculating loop. The bacteria were\nthen incubated at 37 C for 24 hr.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Best: Here the author assumes the reader has basic knowledge of\nmicrobiological techniques and has deleted other superfluous information. The\ntwo sentences have been combined because they are related actions.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"Each plate was streaked with fresh overnight E. coli culture and incubated\nat 37 C for 24 hr.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Top of Page\n\n>\n> * Problem: Avoid using ambiguous terms to identify controls or treatments,\n> or other study parameters that require specific identifiers to be clearly\n> understood. Designators such as Tube 1, Tube 2, or Site 1 and Site 2 are\n> completely meaningless out of context and difficult to follow in context.\n>\n\n>\n\n>> Problematic example: In this example the reader will have no clue as to\nwhat the various tubes represent without having to constantly refer back to\nsome previous point in the Methods.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"A Spec 20 was used to measure A600 of Tubes 1,2, and 3 immediately after\nchloroplasts were added (Time 0) and every 2 min. thereafter until the DCIP\nwas completely reduced. Tube 4's A600 was measured only at Time 0 and at the\nend of the experiment.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Improved example: Notice how the substitution (in red) of treatment and\ncontrol identifiers clarifies the passage both in the context of the paper,\nand if taken out of context.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"A Spec 20 was used to measure A600 of the reaction mixtures exposed to\nlight intensities of 1500, 750, and 350 uE/m2/sec immediately after\nchloroplasts were added (Time 0) and every 2 min. thereafter until the DCIP\nwas completely reduced. The A600 of the no-light control was measured only at\nTime 0 and at the end of the experiment.\"\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> RESULTS\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The function of the Results section is to objectively present\n> your key results, without interpretation, in an orderly and logical sequence\n> using both text and illustrative materials (Tables and Figures). The results\n> section always begins with text, reporting the key results and referring to\n> your figures and tables as you proceed. Summaries of the statistical\n> analyses may appear either in the text (usually parenthetically) or in the\n> relevant Tables or Figures (in the legend or as footnotes to the Table or\n> Figure). The Results section should be organized around Tables and/or\n> Figures that should be sequenced to present your key findings in a logical\n> order. The text of the Results section should be crafted to follow this\n> sequence and highlight the evidence needed to answer the\n> questions/hypotheses you investigated. Important negative results should be\n> reported, too. Authors usually write the text of the results section based\n> upon the sequence of Tables and Figures.\n>\n> 2\\. Style: Write the text of the Results section concisely and objectively.\n> The passive voice will likely dominate here, but use the active voice as\n> much as possible. Use the past tense. Avoid repetitive paragraph structures.\n> Do not interpret the data here. The transition into interpretive language\n> can be a slippery slope. Consider the following two examples:\n>\n> * This example highlights the trend/difference that the author wants the\n> reader to focus:\n>\n\n>\n\n>> The duration of exposure to running water had a pronounced effect on\ncumulative seed germination percentages (Fig. 2). Seeds exposed to the 2-day\ntreatment had the highest cumulative germination (84%), 1.25 times that of the\n12-h or 5-day groups and 4 times that of controls.\n\n>\n> * In contrast, this example strays subtly into interpretation by referring\n> to optimality (a conceptual model) and tieing the observed result to that\n> idea:\n>\n\n>\n\n>> The results of the germination experiment (Fig. 2) suggest that the optimal\ntime for running-water treatment is 2 days. This group showed the highest\ncumulative germination (84%), with longer (5 d) or shorter (12 h) exposures\nproducing smaller gains in germination when compared to the control group.\n\n>\n> 3\\. Strategy for Writing the Results Section\n>\n> 4\\. Frequently asked questions (FAQs).\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### Things to consider as you write your Results section:\n>\n> What are the \"results\"?: When you pose a testable hypothesis that can be\n> answered experimentally, or ask a question that can be answered by\n> collecting samples, you accumulate observations about those organisms or\n> phenomena. Those observations are then analyzed to yield an answer to the\n> question. In general, the answer is the \" key result\".\n>\n> The above statements apply regardless of the complexity of the analysis you\n> employ. So, in an introductory course your analysis may consist of visual\n> inspection of figures and simple calculations of means and standard\n> deviations; in a later course you may be expected to apply and interpret a\n> variety of statistical tests. You instructor will tell you the level of\n> analysis that is expected.\n>\n> For example, suppose you asked the question, \"Is the average height of male\n> students the same as female students in a pool of randomly selected Biology\n> majors?\" You would first collect height data from large random samples of\n> male and female students. You would then calculate the descriptive\n> statistics for those samples (mean, SD, n, range, etc) and plot these\n> numbers. In a course where statistical tests are not employed, you would\n> visually inspect these plots. Suppose you found that male Biology majors\n> are, on average, 12.5 cm taller than female majors; this is the answer to\n> the question.\n>\n> * Notice that the outcome of a statistical analysis is not a key result,\n> but rather an analytical tool that helps us understand what is our key\n> result.\n>\n\n>\n> Differences, directionality, and magnitude: Report your results so as to\n> provide as much information as possible to the reader about the nature of\n> differences or relationships. For eaxmple, if you testing for differences\n> among groups, and you find a significant difference, it is not sufficient to\n> simply report that \"groups A and B were significantly different\". How are\n> they different? How much are they different? It is much more informative to\n> say something like, \"Group A individuals were 23% larger than those in Group\n> B\", or, \"Group B pups gained weight at twice the rate of Group A pups.\"\n> Report the direction of differences (greater, larger, smaller, etc) and the\n> magnitude of differences (% difference, how many times, etc.) whenever\n> possible. See also below about use of the word \"significant.\"\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Organize the results section based on the sequence of Table and Figures\n> you'll include. Prepare the Tables and Figures as soon as all the data are\n> analyzed and arrange them in the sequence that best presents your findings\n> in a logical way. A good strategy is to note, on a draft of each Table or\n> Figure, the one or two key results you want to addess in the text portion of\n> the Results. Simple rules to follow related to Tables and Figures:\n>\n> * Tables and Figures are assigned numbers separately and in the sequence\n> that you will refer to them from the text.\n>\n> * The first Table you refer to is Table 1, the next Table 2 and so\n> forth.\n> * Similarly, the first Figure is Figure 1, the next Figure 2, etc.\n>\n\n> * Each Table or Figure must include a brief description of the results\n> being presented and other necessary information in a legend.\n>\n> * Table legends go above the Table; tables are read from top to bottom.\n> * Figure legends go below the figure; figures are usually viewed from\n> bottom to top.\n>\n\n> * When referring to a Figure from the text, \"Figure\" is abbreviated as\n> Fig.,e.g., Fig. 1. Table is never abbreviated, e.g., Table 1.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> The body of the Results section is a text-based presentation of the key\n> findings which includes references to each of the Tables and Figures. The\n> text should guide the reader through your results stressing the key results\n> which provide the answers to the question(s) investigated. A major function\n> of the text is to provide clarifying information. You must refer to each\n> Table and/or Figure individually and in sequence (see numbering sequence),\n> and clearly indicate for the reader the key results that each conveys. Key\n> results depend on your questions, they might include obvious trends,\n> important differences, similarities, correlations, maximums, minimums, etc.\n>\n> Some problems to avoid:\n>\n> * Do not reiterate each value from a Figure or Table - only the key result\n> or trends that each conveys.\n> * Do not present the same data in both a Table and Figure - this is\n> considered redundant and a waste of space and energy. Decide which format\n> best shows the result and go with it.\n> * Do not report raw data values when they can be summarized as means,\n> percents, etc.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n>\n\n>\n> Statistical test summaries (test name, p-value) are usually reported\n> parenthetically in conjunction with the biological results they support.\n> Always report your results with parenthetical reference to the statistical\n> conclusion that supports your finding (if statistical tests are being used\n> in your course). This parenthetical reference should include the statistical\n> test used and the level of significance (test statistic and DF are\n> optional). For example, if you found that the mean height of male Biology\n> majors was significantly larger than that of female Biology majors, you\n> might report this result (in blue) and your statistical conclusion (shown in\n> red) as follows:\n>\n\n>> \"Males (180.5 ± 5.1 cm; n=34) averaged 12.5 cm taller than females (168 ±\n7.6 cm; n=34) in the AY 1995 pool of Biology majors (two-sample t-test, t =\n5.78, 33 d.f., p < 0.001).\"\n\n>\n> If the summary statistics are shown in a figure, the sentence above need not\n> report them specifically, but must include a reference to the figure where\n> they may be seen:\n>\n\n>> \"Males averaged 12.5 cm taller than females in the AY 1995 pool of Biology\nmajors (two-sample t-test, t = 5.78, 33 d.f., p < 0.001; Fig. 1).\"\n\n>\n> Note that the report of the key result (shown in blue) would be identical in\n> a paper written for a course in which statistical testing is not employed -\n> the section shown in red would simply not appear except reference to the\n> figure.\n>\n\n>> * Avoid devoting whole sentences to report a statistical outcome alone.\n\n>> * Use and over-use of the word \"significant\": Your results will read much\nmore cleanly if you avoid overuse of the word siginifcant in any of its forms.\n\n>>\n\n>> * In scientific studies, the use of this word implies that a\nstatistical test was employed to make a decision about the data; in this case\nthe test indicated a larger difference in mean heights than you would expect\nto get by chance alone. Limit the use of the word \"significant\" to this\npurpose only.\n\n>> * If your parenthetical statistical information includes a p-value that\nindicates significance (usually when p< 0.05), it is unncecssary (and\nredundant) to use the word \"significant\" in the body of the sentence (see\nexample above) because we all interpret the p-value the same way.\n\n>> * Likewise, when you report that one group mean is somehow different\nfrom another (larger, smaller, increased, decreased, etc), it will be\nunderstood by your reader that you have tested this and found the difference\nto be statisticallysignificant, especially if you also report a p-value <\n0.05.\n\n>>\n\n>\n> Present the results of your experiment(s) in a sequence that will logically\n> support (or provide evidence against) the hypothesis, or answer the\n> question, stated in the Introduction. For example, in reporting a study of\n> the effect of an experimental diet on the skeletal mass of the rat, consider\n> first giving the data on skeletal mass for the rats fed the control diet and\n> then give the data for the rats fed the experimental diet.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Report negative results - they are important! If you did not get the\n> anticipated results, it may mean your hypothesis was incorrect and needs to\n> be reformulated, or perhaps you have stumbled onto something unexpected that\n> warrants further study. Moreover, the absence of an effect may be very\n> telling in many situations. In any case, your results may be of importance\n> to others even though they did not support your hypothesis. Do not fall into\n> the trap of thinking that results contrary to what you expected are\n> necessarily \"bad data\". If you carried out the work well, they are simply\n> your results and need interpretation. Many important discoveries can be\n> traced to \"bad data\".\n>\n> Always enter the appropriate units when reporting data or summary\n> statistics.\n>\n> * for an individual value you would write, \"the mean length was 10 m\", or,\n> \"the maximum time was 140 min.\"\n> * When including a measure of variability, place the unit after the error\n> value, e.g., \"...was 10 ± 2.3 m\".\n> * Likewise place the unit after the last in a series of numbers all having\n> the same unit. For example: \"lengths of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m\", or \"no\n> differences were observed after 2, 4, 6, or 8 min. of incubation\".\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### DISCUSSION\n>\n> | strategy | FAQs | style | approach | use of literature | results in\n> discussion |\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The function of the Discussion is to interpret your results in\n> light of what was already known about the subject of the investigation, and\n> to explain our new understanding of the problem after taking your results\n> into consideration. The Discussion will always connect to the Introduction\n> by way of the question(s) or hypotheses you posed and the literature you\n> cited, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the Introduction. Instead,\n> it tells how your study has moved us forward from the place you left us at\n> the end of the Introduction.\n>\n> Fundamental questions to answer here include:\n>\n> * Do your results provide answers to your testable hypotheses? If so, how\n> do you interpret your findings?\n> * Do your findings agree with what others have shown? If not, do they\n> suggest an alternative explanation or perhaps a unforseen design flaw in\n> your experiment (or theirs?)\n> * Given your conclusions, what is our new understanding of the problem you\n> investigated and outlined in the Introduction?\n> * If warranted, what would be the next step in your study, e.g., what\n> experiments would you do next?\n>\n\n>\n> 2\\. Style: Use the active voice whenever possible in this section. Watch out\n> for wordy phrases; be concise and make your points clearly. Use of the first\n> person is okay, but too much use of the first person may actually distract\n> the reader from the main points.\n>\n> 3\\. Approach: Organize the Discussion to address each of the experiments or\n> studies for which you presented results; discuss each in the same sequence\n> as presented in the Results, providing your interpretation of what they mean\n> in the larger context of the problem. Do not waste entire sentences\n> restating your results; if you need to remind the reader of the result to be\n> discussed, use \"bridge sentences\" that relate the result to the\n> interpretation:\n>\n\n>> \"The slow response of the lead-exposed neurons relative to controls\nsuggests that...[interpretation]\".\n\n>\n> You will necessarily make reference to the findings of others in order to\n> support your interpretations.Use subheadings, if need be, to help organize\n> your presentation. Be wary of mistaking the reiteration of a result for an\n> interpretation, and make sure that no new results are presented here that\n> rightly belong in the results.\n>\n> You must relate your work to the findings of other studies - including\n> previous studies you may have done and those of other investigators. As\n> stated previously, you may find crucial information in someone else's study\n> that helps you interpret your own data, or perhaps you will be able to\n> reinterpret others' findings in light of yours. In either case you should\n> discuss reasons for similarities and differences between yours and others'\n> findings. Consider how the results of other studies may be combined with\n> yours to derive a new or perhaps better substantiated understanding of the\n> problem. Be sure to state the conclusions that can be drawn from your\n> results in light of these considerations. You may also choose to briefly\n> mention further studies you would do to clarify your working hypotheses.\n> Make sure to reference any outside sources as shown in the Introduction\n> section.\n>\n> Do not introduce new results in the Discussion. Although you might\n> occasionally include in this section tables and figures which help explain\n> something you are discussing, they must not contain new data (from your\n> study) that should have been presented earlier. They might be flow diagrams,\n> accumulation of data from the literature, or something that shows how one\n> type of data leads to or correlates with another, etc. For example, if you\n> were studying a membrane-bound transport channel and you discovered a new\n> bit of information about its mechanism, you might present a diagram showing\n> how your findings helps to explain the channel's mechanism.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### ACKNOWLEDGMENTS (include as needed) | FAQs |\n>\n> If, in your experiment, you received any significant help in thinking up,\n> designing, or carrying out the work, or received materials from someone who\n> did you a favor by supplying them, you must acknowledge their assistance and\n> the service or material provided. Authors always acknowledge outside\n> reviewers of their drafts (in PI courses, this would be done only if an\n> instructor or other individual critiqued the draft prior to evaluation) and\n> any sources of funding that supported the research. Although usual style\n> requirements (e.g., 1st person, objectivity) are relaxed somewhat here,\n> Acknowledgments are always brief and never flowery.\n>\n> * Place the Acknowledgments between the Discussion and the Literature\n> Cited.\n>\n\n>\n> ### LITERATURE CITED\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The Literature Cited section gives an alphabetical listing (by\n> first author's last name) of the references that you actually cited in the\n> body of your paper. Instructions for writing full citations for various\n> sources are given in on separate page. A complete format list for virtually\n> all types of publication may be found in Huth and others(1994).\n>\n\n>> NOTE: Do not label this section \"Bibliography\". A bibliography contains\nreferences that you may have read but have not specifically cited in the text.\nBibliography sections are found in books and other literary writing, but not\nscientific journal-style papers.\n\n>\n> 2\\. Format and Instructions for standard full citations of sources.\n>\n> 3\\. Literature Cited FAQs.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### APPENDICES\n>\n> | FAQs | Function | Headings | Types of Content | Tables and Figures\n>\n> Function: An Appendix contains information that is non-essential to\n> understanding of the paper, but may present information that further\n> clarifies a point without burdening the body of the presentation. An\n> appendix is an optional part of the paper, and is only rarely found in\n> published papers.\n>\n> Headings: Each Appendix should be identified by a Roman numeral in sequence,\n> e.g., Appendix I, Appendix II, etc. Each appendix should contain different\n> material.\n>\n> Some examples of material that might be put in an appendix (not an\n> exhaustive list):\n>\n> * raw data\n> * maps (foldout type especially)\n> * extra photographs\n> * explanation of formulas, either already known ones, or especially if you\n> have \"invented\" some statistical or other mathematical procedures for data\n> analysis.\n> * specialized computer programs for a particular procedure\n> * full generic names of chemicals or compounds that you have referred to\n> in somewhat abbreviated fashion or by some common name in the text of your\n> paper.\n> * diagrams of specialized apparati.\n>\n\n>\n> Figures and Tables in Appendices\n>\n> Figures and Tables are often found in an appendix. These should be formatted\n> as discussed previously (see Tables and Figures), but are numbered in a\n> separate sequence from those found in the body of the paper. So, the first\n> Figure in the appendix would be Figure 1, the first Table would be Table 1,\n> and so forth. In situations when multiple appendices are used, the Table and\n> Figure numbering must indicate the appendix number as well (see Huth and\n> others, 1994).\n\n> Modified 3-7-11 Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927132346/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/","parsed_text":{"title":"Purdue OWL: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation","passages":["This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom.","Copyright ©1995-2017 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use."]},"parsed_md":"Purdue OWL: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n\n# Welcome to the Purdue OWL\n\n * Purdue OWL\n * Writing Lab\n * OWL News\n * Engagement\n * Research\n * Contact\n * Site Map\n\nGeneral Writing • Research and Citation • Teaching and Tutoring • Subject-\nSpecific Writing • Job Search Writing • ESL\n\nOWL Family of Sites > OWL > Research and Citation > Using Research > Writing\nScientific Abstracts Presentation\n\n * Skip Navigation\n\n * Research and Citation\n * Using Research\n * Writing with Statistics\n * Strategies for Fair Use\n * Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing\n * Paraphrase Exercises\n * Avoiding Plagiarism\n * Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n * Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n * Formatting in Sociology (ASA Style)\n * Resources for Documenting Sources in the Disciplines\n * Citation Style Chart\n * Giving to the OWL\n\n * #### Suggested Resources\n\n * -MLA Guide\n * -APA Guide\n * -How to Navigate the New OWL\n * -Media File Index\n * -OWL Exercises\n\nThis page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue\n(https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include\nthe entire legal notice at bottom.\n\n## Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n\nMedia File: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n\nThis resource is enhanced by a PowerPoint file. Download the free Microsoft\nPowerPoint Viewer\n\nThis presentation is designed to acquaint your students with some guidelines\nfor writing scientific abstracts.\n\nTell the OWL You're Requesting Copies of This Resource Tell the OWL You're\nLinking to This Resource\n\nCopyright ©1995-2017 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue\nUniversity. All rights reserved. This material may not be published,\nreproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of\nthis site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.\n\n"},{"original_url":"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/","archive_url":"http://web.archive.org/web/20200521041302/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/","parsed_text":{"title":"How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation","passages":["This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.","Abstracts of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack important information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper provides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background, methods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary target of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels of experience may find useful ideas in the paper.","This paper is the third in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions on how to write a good case report,[1] and how to read, write, or review a paper on randomized controlled trials.[2,3] The present paper examines how authors may write a good abstract when preparing their manuscript for a scientific journal or conference presentation. Although the primary target of this paper is the young researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of experience will find at least a few ideas that may be useful in their future efforts.","The abstract of a paper is the only part of the paper that is published in conference proceedings. The abstract is the only part of the paper that a potential referee sees when he is invited by an editor to review a manuscript. The abstract is the only part of the paper that readers see when they search through electronic databases such as PubMed. Finally, most readers will acknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard copy of a journal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a title interests them, they glance through the abstract of that paper. Only a dedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most often only the introduction and discussion sections. Only a reader with a very specific interest in the subject of the paper, and a need to understand it thoroughly, will read the entire paper.","Thus, for the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its abstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the abstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper. It is therefore the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly representative of the entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some general qualities. These are listed in Table 1.","Although some journals still publish abstracts that are written as free- flowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal structure within a word count of, usually, 200–250 words. The usual sections defined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusions; other headings with similar meanings may be used (eg, Introduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results). Some journals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background and Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract). In the rest of this paper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined in turn.","What is not known about the subject and hence what the study intended to examine (or what the paper seeks to present)","In most cases, the background can be framed in just 2–3 sentences, with each sentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above; sometimes, even a single sentence may suffice. The purpose of the background, as the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to the study, and hence to smoothly lead into a description of the methods employed in the investigation.","Some authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy background section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be justified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less space remains for the presentation of the results. This is unfortunate because the reader is interested in the paper because of its findings, and not because of its background.","A wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2; most of these have been adapted from actual papers.[4–9] Readers may wish to compare the content in Table 2 with the original abstracts to see how the adaptations possibly improve on the originals. Note that, in the interest of brevity, unnecessary content is avoided. For instance, in Example 1 there is no need to state “The antidepressant efficacy of desvenlafaxine (DV), a dual- acting antidepressant drug, has been established...” (the unnecessary content is italicized).","The methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It should contain enough information to enable the reader to understand what was done, and how. Table 3 lists important questions to which the methods section should provide brief answers.","Carelessly written methods sections lack information about important issues such as sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, doses of medications, and duration of the study. Readers have only to flip through the pages of a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness is.","Table 4 presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written methods sections, modified from actual publications.[10,11] Readers are invited to take special note of the first sentence of each example in Table 4; each is packed with detail, illustrating how to convey the maximum quantity of information with maximum economy of word count.","The results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing should compromise its range and quality. This is because readers who peruse an abstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section should therefore be the longest part of the abstract and should contain as much detail about the findings as the journal word count permits. For example, it is bad writing to state “Response rates differed significantly between diabetic and nondiabetic patients.” A better sentence is “The response rate was higher in nondiabetic than in diabetic patients (49% vs 30%, respectively; P<0.01).”","Important information that the results should present is indicated in Table 5. Examples of acceptably written abstracts are presented in Table 6; one of these has been modified from an actual publication.[11] Note that the first example is rather narrative in style, whereas the second example is packed with data.","This section should contain the most important take-home message of the study, expressed in a few precisely worded sentences. Usually, the finding highlighted here relates to the primary outcome measure; however, other important or unexpected findings should also be mentioned. It is also customary, but not essential, for the authors to express an opinion about the theoretical or practical implications of the findings, or the importance of their findings for the field. Thus, the conclusions may contain three elements:","Despite its necessary brevity, this section has the most impact on the average reader because readers generally trust authors and take their assertions at face value. For this reason, the conclusions should also be scrupulously honest; and authors should not claim more than their data demonstrate. Hypothetical examples of the conclusions section of an abstract are presented in Table 7.","Citation of references anywhere within an abstract is almost invariably inappropriate. Other examples of unnecessary content in an abstract are listed in Table 8.","It goes without saying that whatever is present in the abstract must also be present in the text. Likewise, whatever errors should not be made in the text should not appear in the abstract (eg, mistaking association for causality).","As already mentioned, the abstract is the only part of the paper that the vast majority of readers see. Therefore, it is critically important for authors to ensure that their enthusiasm or bias does not deceive the reader; unjustified speculations could be even more harmful. Misleading readers could harm the cause of science and have an adverse impact on patient care.[12] A recent study,[13] for example, concluded that venlafaxine use during the second trimester of pregnancy may increase the risk of neonates born small for gestational age. However, nowhere in the abstract did the authors mention that these conclusions were based on just 5 cases and 12 controls out of the total sample of 126 cases and 806 controls. There were several other serious limitations that rendered the authors’ conclusions tentative, at best; yet, nowhere in the abstract were these other limitations expressed.","As a parting note: Most journals provide clear instructions to authors on the formatting and contents of different parts of the manuscript. These instructions often include details on what the sections of an abstract should contain. Authors should tailor their abstracts to the specific requirements of the journal to which they plan to submit their manuscript. It could also be an excellent idea to model the abstract of the paper, sentence for sentence, on the abstract of an important paper on a similar subject and with similar methodology, published in the same journal for which the manuscript is slated.","1. Andrade C, Mendhekar DN. Lithium, trifluperazine, and idiopathic leucopenia: Author and reviewer perspectives on how to write a good case report. Indian J Psychiatry. 2010;52:187–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","2. Andrade C. A 6-week, multicentre, randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of placeboxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of major depressive disorder in an Indian setting. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:69–72. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","3. Andrade C. Placeboxetine for major depressive disorder: Researcher, author, reader, and reviewer perspectives on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:73–7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","4. Andrade C, Radhakrishnan R. Prayer and healing: A medical and scientific perspective on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry. 2009;51:247–53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","5. Shah N, Mahadeshwar S, Bhakta S, Bhirud M, Fernandes P, Andrade C. The safety and efficacy of benzodiazepine-modified treatments as a special form of unmodified ECT. J ECT. 2010;26:23–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","6. Andrade C, Srihari BS, Reddy KP, Chandramma L. Melatonin in medically ill patients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62:41–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","7. Andrade C, Madhavan AP, Kishore ML. Testing logical memory using a complex passage: Development and standardization of a new test. Indian J Psychiatry. 2001;43:252–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","10. Kumar CN, Andrade C, Murthy P. A randomized, double-blind comparison of lorazepam and chlordiazepoxide in patients with uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009;70:457–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","11. Margoob MA, Ali Z, Andrade C. Efficacy of ECT in chronic, severe, antidepressant- and CBT-refractory PTSD: An open, prospective study. Brain Stimul. 2010;3:28–35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","12. Rao TS, Andrade C. The MMR vaccine and autism: Sensation, refutation, retraction, and fraud. Editorial. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:95–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]","13. Ramos I, St-Andri M, Birard A. Association between antidepressant use during pregnancy and infants born small for gestational age. Can J Psychiatry. 2010;55:643–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]"]},"parsed_md":"How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation\n\n * NCBI\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to navigation\n * Resources\n * How To\n * About NCBI Accesskeys\n\nMy NCBISign in to NCBISign Out\n\n# PMC\n\nUS National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health\n\n * Advanced\n * Journal list\n * Help\n\n * Journal List\n * Indian J Psychiatry\n * v.53(2); Apr-Jun 2011\n * PMC3136027\n\nIndian J Psychiatry. 2011 Apr-Jun; 53(2): 172–175.\n\ndoi: 10.4103/0019-5545.82558\n\nPMCID: PMC3136027\n\nPMID: 21772657\n\n# How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference\npresentation\n\nChittaranjan Andrade^^\n\n### Chittaranjan Andrade\n\nDepartment of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and\nNeurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India\n\nFind articles by Chittaranjan Andrade\n\nAuthor information Copyright and License information Disclaimer\n\nDepartment of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and\nNeurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India\n\nAddress for correspondence: Dr. Chittaranjan Andrade, Department of\nPsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences,\nBangalore – 560 029, Karnataka, India. E-mail: moc.liamg@cedardna\n\nCopyright © Indian Journal of Psychiatry\n\nThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative\nCommons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits\nunrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the\noriginal work is properly cited.\n\nThis article has been cited by other articles in PMC.\n\n## Abstract\n\nAbstracts of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack\nimportant information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper\nprovides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background,\nmethods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary\ntarget of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels\nof experience may find useful ideas in the paper.\n\nKeywords: Abstract, preparing a manuscript, writing skills\n\n## INTRODUCTION\n\nThis paper is the third in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in\nthe Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions on how\nto write a good case report,[1] and how to read, write, or review a paper on\nrandomized controlled trials.[2,3] The present paper examines how authors may\nwrite a good abstract when preparing their manuscript for a scientific journal\nor conference presentation. Although the primary target of this paper is the\nyoung researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of experience will\nfind at least a few ideas that may be useful in their future efforts.\n\nThe abstract of a paper is the only part of the paper that is published in\nconference proceedings. The abstract is the only part of the paper that a\npotential referee sees when he is invited by an editor to review a manuscript.\nThe abstract is the only part of the paper that readers see when they search\nthrough electronic databases such as PubMed. Finally, most readers will\nacknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard copy of a\njournal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a title\ninterests them, they glance through the abstract of that paper. Only a\ndedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most often\nonly the introduction and discussion sections. Only a reader with a very\nspecific interest in the subject of the paper, and a need to understand it\nthoroughly, will read the entire paper.\n\nThus, for the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its\nabstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the\nabstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper. It is\ntherefore the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly\nrepresentative of the entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some\ngeneral qualities. These are listed in Table 1.\n\n### Table 1\n\nGeneral qualities of a good abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n## SECTIONS OF AN ABSTRACT\n\nAlthough some journals still publish abstracts that are written as free-\nflowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal\nstructure within a word count of, usually, 200–250 words. The usual sections\ndefined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and\nConclusions; other headings with similar meanings may be used (eg,\nIntroduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results). Some\njournals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background\nand Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract). In the rest of this\npaper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined in\nturn.\n\n### Background\n\nThis section should be the shortest part of the abstract and should very\nbriefly outline the following information:\n\n 1. What is already known about the subject, related to the paper in question\n\n 2. What is not known about the subject and hence what the study intended to examine (or what the paper seeks to present)\n\nIn most cases, the background can be framed in just 2–3 sentences, with each\nsentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above;\nsometimes, even a single sentence may suffice. The purpose of the background,\nas the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to\nthe study, and hence to smoothly lead into a description of the methods\nemployed in the investigation.\n\nSome authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy\nbackground section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be\njustified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less\nspace remains for the presentation of the results. This is unfortunate because\nthe reader is interested in the paper because of its findings, and not because\nof its background.\n\nA wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2; most\nof these have been adapted from actual papers.[4–9] Readers may wish to\ncompare the content in Table 2 with the original abstracts to see how the\nadaptations possibly improve on the originals. Note that, in the interest of\nbrevity, unnecessary content is avoided. For instance, in Example 1 there is\nno need to state “The antidepressant efficacy of desvenlafaxine (DV), a dual-\nacting antidepressant drug, has been established...” (the unnecessary content\nis italicized).\n\n### Table 2\n\nExamples of the background section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n### Methods\n\nThe methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It\nshould contain enough information to enable the reader to understand what was\ndone, and how. Table 3 lists important questions to which the methods section\nshould provide brief answers.\n\n### Table 3\n\nQuestions regarding which information should ideally be available in the\nmethods section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\nCarelessly written methods sections lack information about important issues\nsuch as sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, doses of\nmedications, and duration of the study. Readers have only to flip through the\npages of a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness\nis.\n\nTable 4 presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written methods\nsections, modified from actual publications.[10,11] Readers are invited to\ntake special note of the first sentence of each example in Table 4; each is\npacked with detail, illustrating how to convey the maximum quantity of\ninformation with maximum economy of word count.\n\n### Table 4\n\nExamples of the methods section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n### Results\n\nThe results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing\nshould compromise its range and quality. This is because readers who peruse an\nabstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section\nshould therefore be the longest part of the abstract and should contain as\nmuch detail about the findings as the journal word count permits. For example,\nit is bad writing to state “Response rates differed significantly between\ndiabetic and nondiabetic patients.” A better sentence is “The response rate\nwas higher in nondiabetic than in diabetic patients (49% vs 30%, respectively;\nP<0.01).”\n\nImportant information that the results should present is indicated in Table 5.\nExamples of acceptably written abstracts are presented in Table 6; one of\nthese has been modified from an actual publication.[11] Note that the first\nexample is rather narrative in style, whereas the second example is packed\nwith data.\n\n### Table 5\n\nInformation that the results section of the abstract should ideally present\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n### Table 6\n\nExamples of the results section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n## CONCLUSIONS\n\nThis section should contain the most important take-home message of the study,\nexpressed in a few precisely worded sentences. Usually, the finding\nhighlighted here relates to the primary outcome measure; however, other\nimportant or unexpected findings should also be mentioned. It is also\ncustomary, but not essential, for the authors to express an opinion about the\ntheoretical or practical implications of the findings, or the importance of\ntheir findings for the field. Thus, the conclusions may contain three\nelements:\n\n 1. The primary take-home message\n\n 2. The additional findings of importance\n\n 3. The perspective\n\nDespite its necessary brevity, this section has the most impact on the average\nreader because readers generally trust authors and take their assertions at\nface value. For this reason, the conclusions should also be scrupulously\nhonest; and authors should not claim more than their data demonstrate.\nHypothetical examples of the conclusions section of an abstract are presented\nin Table 7.\n\n### Table 7\n\nExamples of the conclusions section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n## MISCELLANEOUS OBSERVATIONS\n\nCitation of references anywhere within an abstract is almost invariably\ninappropriate. Other examples of unnecessary content in an abstract are listed\nin Table 8.\n\n### Table 8\n\nExamples of unnecessary content in a abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\nIt goes without saying that whatever is present in the abstract must also be\npresent in the text. Likewise, whatever errors should not be made in the text\nshould not appear in the abstract (eg, mistaking association for causality).\n\nAs already mentioned, the abstract is the only part of the paper that the vast\nmajority of readers see. Therefore, it is critically important for authors to\nensure that their enthusiasm or bias does not deceive the reader; unjustified\nspeculations could be even more harmful. Misleading readers could harm the\ncause of science and have an adverse impact on patient care.[12] A recent\nstudy,[13] for example, concluded that venlafaxine use during the second\ntrimester of pregnancy may increase the risk of neonates born small for\ngestational age. However, nowhere in the abstract did the authors mention that\nthese conclusions were based on just 5 cases and 12 controls out of the total\nsample of 126 cases and 806 controls. There were several other serious\nlimitations that rendered the authors’ conclusions tentative, at best; yet,\nnowhere in the abstract were these other limitations expressed.\n\nAs a parting note: Most journals provide clear instructions to authors on the\nformatting and contents of different parts of the manuscript. These\ninstructions often include details on what the sections of an abstract should\ncontain. Authors should tailor their abstracts to the specific requirements of\nthe journal to which they plan to submit their manuscript. It could also be an\nexcellent idea to model the abstract of the paper, sentence for sentence, on\nthe abstract of an important paper on a similar subject and with similar\nmethodology, published in the same journal for which the manuscript is slated.\n\n## Footnotes\n\nSource of Support: Nil\n\nConflict of Interest: None declared.\n\n## REFERENCES\n\n1\\. Andrade C, Mendhekar DN. Lithium, trifluperazine, and idiopathic\nleucopenia: Author and reviewer perspectives on how to write a good case\nreport. Indian J Psychiatry. 2010;52:187–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed]\n[Google Scholar]\n\n2\\. Andrade C. A 6-week, multicentre, randomized controlled clinical trial to\nevaluate the safety and efficacy of placeboxetine hydrochloride in the\ntreatment of major depressive disorder in an Indian setting. Indian J\nPsychiatry. 2011;53:69–72. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n3\\. Andrade C. Placeboxetine for major depressive disorder: Researcher,\nauthor, reader, and reviewer perspectives on randomized controlled trials.\nIndian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:73–7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google\nScholar]\n\n4\\. Andrade C, Radhakrishnan R. Prayer and healing: A medical and scientific\nperspective on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry.\n2009;51:247–53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n5\\. Shah N, Mahadeshwar S, Bhakta S, Bhirud M, Fernandes P, Andrade C. The\nsafety and efficacy of benzodiazepine-modified treatments as a special form of\nunmodified ECT. J ECT. 2010;26:23–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n6\\. 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Margoob MA, Ali Z, Andrade C. Efficacy of ECT in chronic, severe,\nantidepressant- and CBT-refractory PTSD: An open, prospective study. Brain\nStimul. 2010;3:28–35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n12\\. Rao TS, Andrade C. The MMR vaccine and autism: Sensation, refutation,\nretraction, and fraud. Editorial. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:95–6. [PMC free\narticle] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n13\\. Ramos I, St-Andri M, Birard A. Association between antidepressant use\nduring pregnancy and infants born small for gestational age. Can J Psychiatry.\n2010;55:643–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\nArticles from Indian Journal of Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of\nWolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications\n\n## Formats:\n\n * Article\n\n|\n\n * PubReader\n\n|\n\n * ePub (beta)\n\n|\n\n * Printer Friendly\n\n|\n\n * Citation\n\n## Share\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n\nSupport Center Support Center\n\nExternal link. Please review our privacy policy.\n\nNLM\n\nNIH\n\nDHHS\n\nUSA.gov\n\nNational Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of\nMedicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA\n\nPolicies and Guidelines | Contact\n\n"}],"string":"[\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20211210174848/https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to Write Guide: Sections of the Paper\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"The scientific format may seem confusing for the beginning science writer due to its rigid structure which is so different from writing in the humanities. One reason for using this format is that it is a means of efficiently communicating scientific findings to the broad community of scientists in a uniform manner. Another reason, perhaps more important than the first, is that this format allows the paper to be read at several different levels. For example, many people skim Titles to find out what information is available on a subject. Others may read only titles and Abstracts. Those wanting to go deeper may look at the Tables and Figures in the Results, and so on. The take home point here is that the scientific format helps to insure that at whatever level a person reads your paper (beyond title skimming), they will likely get the key results and conclusions.\",\n \"Most journal-style scientific papers are subdivided into the following sections: Title, Authors and Affiliation, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and Literature Cited, which parallel the experimental process. This is the system we will use. This website describes the style, content, and format associated with each section.\",\n \"Main Section Headings: Each main section of the paper begins with a heading which should be capitalized, centered at the beginning of the section, and double spaced from the lines above and below. Do not underline the section heading OR put a colon at the end.\",\n \"Subheadings: When your paper reports on more than one experiment, use subheadings to help organize the presentation. Subheadings should be capitalized (first letter in each word), left justified, and either bold italics OR underlined.\",\n \"1. Function: Your paper should begin with a Title that succinctly describes the contents of the paper. Use descriptive words that you would associate strongly with the content of your paper: the molecule studied, the organism used or studied, the treatment, the location of a field site, the response measured, etc. A majority of readers will find your paper via electronic database searches and those search engines key on words found in the title.\",\n \"The title should be centered at the top of page 1 (DO NOT use a title page - it is a waste of paper for our purposes); the title is NOT underlined or italicized.\",\n \"the authors' names (PI or primary author first) and institutional affiliation are double-spaced from and centered below the title. When more then two authors, the names are separated by commas except for the last which is separated from the previous name by the word \\\"and\\\".\",\n \"The title is not a section, but it is necessary and important. The title should be short and unambiguous, yet be an adequate description of the work. A general rule-of-thumb is that the title should contain the key words describing the work presented. Remember that the title becomes the basis for most on-line computer searches - if your title is insufficient, few people will find or read your paper. For example, in a paper reporting on an experiment involving dosing mice with the sex hormone estrogen and watching for a certain kind of courtship behavior, a poor title would be:\",\n \"Why? It is very general, and could be referring to any of a number of mouse behaviors. A better title would be:\",\n \"Why? Because the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent, and the experimental organism. If possible, give the key result of the study in the title, as seen in the first example. Similarly, the above title could be restated as:\",\n \"1. Function: An abstract summarizes, in one paragraph (usually), the major aspects of the entire paper in the following prescribed sequence:\",\n \"Name or briefly describe the basic methodology used without going into excessive detail-be sure to indicate the key techniques used.\",\n \"How do you know when you have enough information in your Abstract? A simple rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing an study similar to the one you are reporting. If your Abstract was the only part of the paper you could access, would you be happy with the information presented there?\",\n \"2. Style: The Abstract is ONLY text. Use the active voice when possible, but much of it may require passive constructions. Write your Abstract using concise, but complete, sentences, and get to the point quickly. Use past tense. Maximum length should be 200-300 words, usually in a single paragraph.\",\n \"3. Strategy: Although it is the first section of your paper, the Abstract, by definition, must be written last since it will summarize the paper. To begin composing your Abstract, take whole sentences or key phrases from each section and put them in a sequence which summarizes the paper. Then set about revising or adding words to make it all cohesive and clear. As you become more proficient you will most likely compose the Abstract from scratch.\",\n \"4. Check your work: Once you have the completed abstract, check to make sure that the information in the abstract completely agrees with what is written in the paper. Confirm that all the information appearing the abstract actually appears in the body of the paper.\",\n \"Establish the context of the work being reported. This is accomplished by discussing the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating;\",\n \"2. Style: Use the active voice as much as possible. Some use of first person is okay, but do not overdo it.\",\n \"3. Structure: The structure of the Introduction can be thought of as an inverted triangle - the broadest part at the top representing the most general information and focusing down to the specific problem you studied. Organize the information to present the more general aspects of the topic early in the Introduction, then narrow toward the more specific topical information that provides context, finally arriving at your statement of purpose and rationale. A good way to get on track is to sketch out the Introduction backwards; start with the specific purpose and then decide what is the scientific context in which you are asking the question(s) your study addresses. Once the scientific context is decided, then you'll have a good sense of what level and type of general information with which the Introduction should begin.\",\n \"Begin your Introduction by clearly identifying the subject area of interest. Do this by using key words from your Title in the first few sentences of the Introduction to get it focused directly on topic at the appropriate level. This insures that you get to the primary subject matter quickly without losing focus, or discussing information that is too general. For example, in the mouse behavior paper, the words hormones and behavior would likely appear within the first one or two sentences of the Introduction.\",\n \"Establish the context by providing a brief and balanced review of the pertinent published literature that is available on the subject. The key is to summarize (for the reader) what we knew about the specific problem before you did your experiments or studies. This is accomplished with a general review of the primary research literature (with citations) but should not include very specific, lengthy explanations that you will probably discuss in greater detail later in the Discussion. The judgment of what is general or specific is difficult at first, but with practice and reading of the scientific literature you will develop e firmer sense of your audience. In the mouse behavior paper, for example, you would begin the Introduction at the level of mating behavior in general, then quickly focus to mouse mating behaviors and then hormonal regulation of behavior. Lead the reader to your statement of purpose/hypothesis by focusing your literature review from the more general context (the big picture e.g., hormonal modulation of behaviors) to the more specific topic of interest to you (e.g., role/effects of reproductive hormones, especially estrogen, in modulating specific sexual behaviors of mice.)\",\n \"What literature should you look for in your review of what we know about the problem? Focus your efforts on the primary research journals - the journals that publish original research articles. Although you may read some general background references (encyclopedias, textbooks, lab manuals, style manuals, etc.) to get yourself acquainted with the subject area, do not cite these, becasue they contain information that is considered fundamental or \\\"common\\\" knowledge wqithin the discipline. Cite, instead, articles that reported specific results relevant to your study. Learn, as soon as possible, how to find the primary literature (research journals) and review articles rather than depending on reference books. The articles listed in the Literature Cited of relevant papers you find are a good starting point to move backwards in a line of inquiry. Most academic libraries support the Citation Index - an index which is useful for tracking a line of inquiry forward in time. Some of the newer search engines will actually send you alerts of new papers that cite particular articles of interest to you. Review articles are particularly useful because they summarize all the research done on a narrow subject area over a brief period of time (a year to a few years in most cases).\",\n \"Be sure to clearly state the purpose and /or hypothesis that you investigated. When you are first learning to write in this format it is okay, and actually preferable, to use a pat statement like, \\\"The purpose of this study was to....\\\" or \\\"We investigated three possible mechanisms to explain the ... (1) blah, blah..(2) etc. It is most usual to place the statement of purpose near the end of the Introduction, often as the topic sentence of the final paragraph. It is not necessary (or even desirable) to use the words \\\"hypothesis\\\" or \\\"null hypothesis\\\", since these are usually implicit if you clearly state your purpose and expectations.\",\n \"Provide a clear statement of the rationale for your approach to the problem studied. For example: State briefly how you approached the problem (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the last paragraph of the Introduction. Why did you choose this kind of experiment or experimental design? What are the scientific merits of this particular model system? What advantages does it confer in answering the particular question(s) you are posing? Do not discuss here the actual techniques or protocols used in your study (this will be done in the Materials and Methods); your readers will be quite familiar with the usual techniques and approaches used in your field. If you are using a novel (new, revolutionary, never used before) technique or methodology, the merits of the new technique/method versus the previously used methods should be presented in the Introduction.\",\n \"1. Function: In this section you explain clearly how you carried out your study in the following general structure and organization (details follow below):\",\n \"the the organism(s) studied (plant, animal, human, etc.) and, when relevant, their pre-experiment handling and care, and when and where the study was carried out (only if location and time are important factors); note that the term \\\"subject\\\" is used ONLY for human studies.\",\n \"if you did a field study, provide a description of the study site, including the significant physical and biological features, and the precise location (latitude and longitude, map, etc);\",\n \"the experimental OR sampling design (i.e., how the experiment or study was structured. For example, controls, treatments, what variable(s) were measured, how many samples were collected, replication, the final form of the data, etc.);\",\n \"how the data were analyzed (qualitative analyses and/or statistical procedures used to determine significance, data transformations used, what probability was used to decide significance, etc).\",\n \"2. Style: The style in this section should read as if you were verbally describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a certain extent, although this section requires more use of third person, passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this section. Remember to use the past tense throughout - the work being reported is done, and was performed in the past, not the future. The Methods section is not a step-by-step, directive, protocol as you might see in your lab manual.\",\n \"Describe the organism(s) used in the study. This includes giving the (1) source (supplier or where and how the orgranisms were collected), (2) typical size (weight, length, etc), (3) how they were handled, fed, and housed before the experiment, (4) how they were handled, fed, and housed during the experiment. In genetics studies include the strains or genetic stocks used. For some studies, age may be an important factor. For example, did you use mouse pups or adults? Seedlings or mature plants?\",\n \"FOR FIELD STUDIES ONLY: Describe the site where your field study was conducted. The description must include both physical and biological characteristics of the site pertinant to the study aims. Include the date(s) of the study (e.g., 10-15 April 1994) and the exact location of the study area. Location data must be as precise as possible: \\\"Grover Nature Preserve, 1⁄2 mi SW Grover, Maine\\\" rather than \\\"Grover Nature Preserve\\\" or \\\"Grover\\\". When possible, give the actual latitude and longitude position of the site: these can be obtained using handheld GPS units, OR, from web resources such as Google Earth(TM) and MapQuest(TM). It is often a good idea to include a map (labeled as a Figure) showing the study location in relation to some larger more recognizable geographic area. Someone else should be able to go to the exact location of your study site if they want to repeat or check your work, or just visit your study area.\",\n \"NOTE: For laboratory studies you need not report the date and location of the study UNLESS it is necessary information for someone to have who might wish to repeat your work or use the same facility. Most often it is not. If you have performed experiments at a particular location or lab because it is the only place to do it, or one of a few, then you should note that in your methods and identify the lab or facility.\",\n \"Describe your experimental design clearly. Be sure to include the hypotheses you tested, controls, treatments, variables measured, how many replicates you had, what you actually measured, what form the data take, etc. Always identify treatments by the variable or treatment name, NOT by an ambiguous, generic name or number (e.g., use \\\"2.5% NaCl\\\" rather than \\\"test 1\\\".) When your paper includes more than one experiment, use subheadings to help organize your presentation by experiment. A general experimental design worksheet is available to help plan your experiments in the core courses.\",\n \"Describe the procedures for your study in sufficient detail that other scientists could repeat your work to verify your findings. Foremost in your description should be the \\\"quantitative\\\" aspects of your study - the masses, volumes, incubation times, concentrations, etc., that another scientist needs in order to duplicate your experiment. When using standard lab or field methods and instrumentation, it is not always necessary to explain the procedures (e.g., serial dilution) or equipment used (e.g., autopipetter) since other scientists will likely be familiar with them already.\",\n \"You may want to identify certain types of equipment by vendor name and brand or category (e.g., ultracentrifuge vs. prep centrifuge), particularly if they are not commonly found in most labs. It is appropriate to report, parenthetically, the source (vendor) and catalog number for reagents used, e.g., \\\"....poly-L-lysine (Sigma #1309).\\\" When using a method described in another published source, you can save time and words by providing the relevant citation to the source. Always make sure to describe any modifications you have made of a standard or published method.\",\n \"NOTE: Very frequently the experimental design and data collection procedures for an experiment cannot be separated and must be integrated together. If you find yourself repeating lots of information about the experimental design when describing the data collection procedure(s), likely you can combine them and be more concise.\",\n \"NOTE: Although tempting, DO NOT say that you \\\"recorded the data,\\\" i.e., in your lab notebook, in the Methods description. Of course you did, because that is what all good scientists do, and it is a given that you recorded your measurements and observations.\",\n \"Statistical software used: Sometimes it is necessary to report which statistical software you used; this would be at the discretion of your instructor or the journal;\",\n \"how the data were summarized (Means, percent, etc) and how you are reporting measures of variability (SD,SEM, 95% CI, etc)\",\n \"Avoid repeatedly using a single sentence to relate a single action; this results in very lengthy, wordy passages. A related sequence of actions can be combined into one sentence to improve clarity and readability:\",\n \"1. Function: The function of the Results section is to objectively present your key results, without interpretation, in an orderly and logical sequence using both text and illustrative materials (Tables and Figures). The results section always begins with text, reporting the key results and referring to your figures and tables as you proceed. Summaries of the statistical analyses may appear either in the text (usually parenthetically) or in the relevant Tables or Figures (in the legend or as footnotes to the Table or Figure). The Results section should be organized around Tables and/or Figures that should be sequenced to present your key findings in a logical order. The text of the Results section should be crafted to follow this sequence and highlight the evidence needed to answer the questions/hypotheses you investigated. Important negative results should be reported, too. Authors usually write the text of the results section based upon the sequence of Tables and Figures.\",\n \"2. Style: Write the text of the Results section concisely and objectively. The passive voice will likely dominate here, but use the active voice as much as possible. Use the past tense. Avoid repetitive paragraph structures. Do not interpret the data here. The transition into interpretive language can be a slippery slope. Consider the following two examples:\",\n \"What are the \\\"results\\\"?: When you pose a testable hypothesis that can be answered experimentally, or ask a question that can be answered by collecting samples, you accumulate observations about those organisms or phenomena. Those observations are then analyzed to yield an answer to the question. In general, the answer is the \\\" key result\\\".\",\n \"The above statements apply regardless of the complexity of the analysis you employ. So, in an introductory course your analysis may consist of visual inspection of figures and simple calculations of means and standard deviations; in a later course you may be expected to apply and interpret a variety of statistical tests. You instructor will tell you the level of analysis that is expected.\",\n \"For example, suppose you asked the question, \\\"Is the average height of male students the same as female students in a pool of randomly selected Biology majors?\\\" You would first collect height data from large random samples of male and female students. You would then calculate the descriptive statistics for those samples (mean, SD, n, range, etc) and plot these numbers. In a course where statistical tests are not employed, you would visually inspect these plots. Suppose you found that male Biology majors are, on average, 12.5 cm taller than female majors; this is the answer to the question.\",\n \"Notice that the outcome of a statistical analysis is not a key result, but rather an analytical tool that helps us understand what is our key result.\",\n \"Organize the results section based on the sequence of Table and Figures you'll include. Prepare the Tables and Figures as soon as all the data are analyzed and arrange them in the sequence that best presents your findings in a logical way. A good strategy is to note, on a draft of each Table or Figure, the one or two key results you want to addess in the text portion of the Results. Simple rules to follow related to Tables and Figures:\",\n \"Tables and Figures are assigned numbers separately and in the sequence that you will refer to them from the text.\",\n \"The body of the Results section is a text-based presentation of the key findings which includes references to each of the Tables and Figures. The text should guide the reader through your results stressing the key results which provide the answers to the question(s) investigated. A major function of the text is to provide clarifying information. You must refer to each Table and/or Figure individually and in sequence (see numbering sequence), and clearly indicate for the reader the key results that each conveys. Key results depend on your questions, they might include obvious trends, important differences, similarities, correlations, maximums, minimums, etc.\",\n \"Do not reiterate each value from a Figure or Table - only the key result or trends that each conveys.\",\n \"Do not present the same data in both a Table and Figure - this is considered redundant and a waste of space and energy. Decide which format best shows the result and go with it.\",\n \"Report negative results - they are important! If you did not get the anticipated results, it may mean your hypothesis was incorrect and needs to be reformulated, or perhaps you have stumbled onto something unexpected that warrants further study. Moreover, the absence of an effect may be very telling in many situations. In any case, your results may be of importance to others even though they did not support your hypothesis. Do not fall into the trap of thinking that results contrary to what you expected are necessarily \\\"bad data\\\". If you carried out the work well, they are simply your results and need interpretation. Many important discoveries can be traced to \\\"bad data\\\".\",\n \"for an individual value you would write, \\\"the mean length was 10 m\\\", or, \\\"the maximum time was 140 min.\\\"\",\n \"Likewise place the unit after the last in a series of numbers all having the same unit. For example: \\\"lengths of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m\\\", or \\\"no differences were observed after 2, 4, 6, or 8 min. of incubation\\\".\",\n \"1. Function: The function of the Discussion is to interpret your results in light of what was already known about the subject of the investigation, and to explain our new understanding of the problem after taking your results into consideration. The Discussion will always connect to the Introduction by way of the question(s) or hypotheses you posed and the literature you cited, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the Introduction. Instead, it tells how your study has moved us forward from the place you left us at the end of the Introduction.\",\n \"Do your findings agree with what others have shown? If not, do they suggest an alternative explanation or perhaps a unforseen design flaw in your experiment (or theirs?)\",\n \"3. Approach: Organize the Discussion to address each of the experiments or studies for which you presented results; discuss each in the same sequence as presented in the Results, providing your interpretation of what they mean in the larger context of the problem. Do not waste entire sentences restating your results; if you need to remind the reader of the result to be discussed, use \\\"bridge sentences\\\" that relate the result to the interpretation:\",\n \"You must relate your work to the findings of other studies - including previous studies you may have done and those of other investigators. As stated previously, you may find crucial information in someone else's study that helps you interpret your own data, or perhaps you will be able to reinterpret others' findings in light of yours. In either case you should discuss reasons for similarities and differences between yours and others' findings. Consider how the results of other studies may be combined with yours to derive a new or perhaps better substantiated understanding of the problem. Be sure to state the conclusions that can be drawn from your results in light of these considerations. You may also choose to briefly mention further studies you would do to clarify your working hypotheses. Make sure to reference any outside sources as shown in the Introduction section.\",\n \"Do not introduce new results in the Discussion. Although you might occasionally include in this section tables and figures which help explain something you are discussing, they must not contain new data (from your study) that should have been presented earlier. They might be flow diagrams, accumulation of data from the literature, or something that shows how one type of data leads to or correlates with another, etc. For example, if you were studying a membrane-bound transport channel and you discovered a new bit of information about its mechanism, you might present a diagram showing how your findings helps to explain the channel's mechanism.\",\n \"If, in your experiment, you received any significant help in thinking up, designing, or carrying out the work, or received materials from someone who did you a favor by supplying them, you must acknowledge their assistance and the service or material provided. Authors always acknowledge outside reviewers of their drafts (in PI courses, this would be done only if an instructor or other individual critiqued the draft prior to evaluation) and any sources of funding that supported the research. Although usual style requirements (e.g., 1st person, objectivity) are relaxed somewhat here, Acknowledgments are always brief and never flowery.\",\n \"1. Function: The Literature Cited section gives an alphabetical listing (by first author's last name) of the references that you actually cited in the body of your paper. Instructions for writing full citations for various sources are given in on separate page. A complete format list for virtually all types of publication may be found in Huth and others(1994).\",\n \"Function: An Appendix contains information that is non-essential to understanding of the paper, but may present information that further clarifies a point without burdening the body of the presentation. An appendix is an optional part of the paper, and is only rarely found in published papers.\",\n \"Headings: Each Appendix should be identified by a Roman numeral in sequence, e.g., Appendix I, Appendix II, etc. Each appendix should contain different material.\",\n \"explanation of formulas, either already known ones, or especially if you have \\\"invented\\\" some statistical or other mathematical procedures for data analysis.\",\n \"full generic names of chemicals or compounds that you have referred to in somewhat abbreviated fashion or by some common name in the text of your paper.\",\n \"Figures and Tables are often found in an appendix. These should be formatted as discussed previously (see Tables and Figures), but are numbered in a separate sequence from those found in the body of the paper. So, the first Figure in the appendix would be Figure 1, the first Table would be Table 1, and so forth. In situations when multiple appendices are used, the Table and Figure numbering must indicate the appendix number as well (see Huth and others, 1994).\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to Write Guide: Sections of the Paper\\n\\n.....\\n\\n> ## The Structure, Format, Content, and Style of a Journal-Style Scientific\\n> Paper\\n>\\n> | Table of Contents | FAQs | PDF Version |\\n>\\n> #####\\n>\\n> | Rationale | Sections | Section Headings | Title | Authors and Affiliation\\n> | Abstract| Introduction| Methods| Results| Discussion | Acknowledgments|\\n> Literature Cited | Appendices\\n>\\n> ### Why a Scientific Format?\\n>\\n> The scientific format may seem confusing for the beginning science writer\\n> due to its rigid structure which is so different from writing in the\\n> humanities. One reason for using this format is that it is a means of\\n> efficiently communicating scientific findings to the broad community of\\n> scientists in a uniform manner. Another reason, perhaps more important than\\n> the first, is that this format allows the paper to be read at several\\n> different levels. For example, many people skim Titles to find out what\\n> information is available on a subject. Others may read only titles and\\n> Abstracts. Those wanting to go deeper may look at the Tables and Figures in\\n> the Results, and so on. The take home point here is that the scientific\\n> format helps to insure that at whatever level a person reads your paper\\n> (beyond title skimming), they will likely get the key results and\\n> conclusions.\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> ### The Sections of the Paper\\n>\\n> Most journal-style scientific papers are subdivided into the following\\n> sections: Title, Authors and Affiliation, Abstract, Introduction, Methods,\\n> Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and Literature Cited, which parallel\\n> the experimental process. This is the system we will use. This website\\n> describes the style, content, and format associated with each section.\\n>\\n> The sections appear in a journal style paper in the following prescribed\\n> order:\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Experimental process\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Section of Paper \\n> \\n> ---|--- \\n> \\n> What did I do in a nutshell?\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Abstract \\n> \\n> What is the problem?\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Introduction \\n> \\n> How did I solve the problem?\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Materials and Methods \\n> \\n> What did I find out?\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Results \\n> \\n> What does it mean?\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Discussion \\n> \\n> Who helped me out?\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Acknowledgments (optional) \\n> \\n> Whose work did I refer to?\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Literature Cited \\n> \\n> Extra Information\\n>\\n> |\\n>\\n> Appendices (optional) \\n> \\n> ### Section Headings:\\n>\\n> Main Section Headings: Each main section of the paper begins with a heading\\n> which should be capitalized, centered at the beginning of the section, and\\n> double spaced from the lines above and below. Do not underline the section\\n> heading OR put a colon at the end.\\n>\\n> Example of a main section heading:\\n>\\n> INTRODUCTION\\n>\\n> Subheadings: When your paper reports on more than one experiment, use\\n> subheadings to help organize the presentation. Subheadings should be\\n> capitalized (first letter in each word), left justified, and either bold\\n> italics OR underlined.\\n>\\n> Example of a subheading:\\n>\\n> Effects of Light Intensity on the Rate of Electron Transport\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> ### Title, Authors' Names, and Institutional Affiliations\\n>\\n> 1\\\\. Function: Your paper should begin with a Title that succinctly describes\\n> the contents of the paper. Use descriptive words that you would associate\\n> strongly with the content of your paper: the molecule studied, the organism\\n> used or studied, the treatment, the location of a field site, the response\\n> measured, etc. A majority of readers will find your paper via electronic\\n> database searches and those search engines key on words found in the title.\\n>\\n> 2\\\\. Title FAQs\\n>\\n> 3\\\\. Format:\\n>\\n> * The title should be centered at the top of page 1 (DO NOT use a title\\n> page - it is a waste of paper for our purposes); the title is NOT underlined\\n> or italicized.\\n> * the authors' names (PI or primary author first) and institutional\\n> affiliation are double-spaced from and centered below the title. When more\\n> then two authors, the names are separated by commas except for the last\\n> which is separated from the previous name by the word \\\"and\\\".\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> For example:\\n>\\n> Ducks Over-Winter in Colorado Barley Fields in Response to Increased Daily\\n> Mean Temperature\\n>\\n> Ima Mallard, Ura Drake, and Woodruff Ducque Department of Wildlife Biology,\\n> University of Colorado - Boulder\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> The title is not a section, but it is necessary and important. The title\\n> should be short and unambiguous, yet be an adequate description of the work.\\n> A general rule-of-thumb is that the title should contain the key words\\n> describing the work presented. Remember that the title becomes the basis for\\n> most on-line computer searches - if your title is insufficient, few people\\n> will find or read your paper. For example, in a paper reporting on an\\n> experiment involving dosing mice with the sex hormone estrogen and watching\\n> for a certain kind of courtship behavior, a poor title would be:\\n>\\n> Mouse Behavior\\n>\\n> Why? It is very general, and could be referring to any of a number of mouse\\n> behaviors. A better title would be:\\n>\\n> The Effects of Estrogen on the Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in Mice\\n>\\n> Why? Because the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent,\\n> and the experimental organism. If possible, give the key result of the study\\n> in the title, as seen in the first example. Similarly, the above title could\\n> be restated as:\\n>\\n> Estrogen Stimulates Intensity of Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in Mice\\n>\\n> 4\\\\. Strategy for Writing Title.\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> ### ABSTRACT\\n>\\n> 1\\\\. Function: An abstract summarizes, in one paragraph (usually), the major\\n> aspects of the entire paper in the following prescribed sequence:\\n>\\n> * the question(s) you investigated (or purpose), (from Introduction)\\n>\\n> * state the purpose very clearly in the first or second sentence.\\n> * the experimental design and methods used, (from Methods)\\n>\\n> * clearly express the basic design of the study.\\n> * Name or briefly describe the basic methodology used without going into\\n> excessive detail-be sure to indicate the key techniques used.\\n> * the major findings including key quantitative results, or trends (from\\n> Results)\\n>\\n> * report those results which answer the questions you were asking\\n> * identify trends, relative change or differences, etc.\\n> * a brief summary of your interpetations and conclusions. (from\\n> Discussion)\\n>\\n> * clearly state the implications of the answers your results gave you.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Whereas the Title can only make the simplest statement about the content of\\n> your article, the Abstract allows you to elaborate more on each major aspect\\n> of the paper. The length of your Abstract should be kept to about 200-300\\n> words maximum (a typical standard length for journals.) Limit your\\n> statements concerning each segment of the paper (i.e. purpose, methods,\\n> results, etc.) to two or three sentences, if possible. The Abstract helps\\n> readers decide whether they want to read the rest of the paper, or it may be\\n> the only part they can obtain via electronic literature searches or in\\n> published abstracts. Therefore, enough key information (e.g., summary\\n> results, observations, trends, etc.) must be included to make the Abstract\\n> useful to someone who may to reference your work.\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> How do you know when you have enough information in your Abstract? A simple\\n> rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing an study\\n> similar to the one you are reporting. If your Abstract was the only part of\\n> the paper you could access, would you be happy with the information\\n> presented there?\\n>\\n> 2\\\\. Style: The Abstract is ONLY text. Use the active voice when possible,\\n> but much of it may require passive constructions. Write your Abstract using\\n> concise, but complete, sentences, and get to the point quickly. Use past\\n> tense. Maximum length should be 200-300 words, usually in a single\\n> paragraph.\\n>\\n> The Abstract SHOULD NOT contain:\\n>\\n> * lengthy background information,\\n> * references to other literature,\\n> * elliptical (i.e., ending with ...) or incomplete sentences,\\n> * abbreviations or terms that may be confusing to readers,\\n> * any sort of illustration, figure, or table, or references to them.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> 3\\\\. Strategy: Although it is the first section of your paper, the Abstract,\\n> by definition, must be written last since it will summarize the paper. To\\n> begin composing your Abstract, take whole sentences or key phrases from each\\n> section and put them in a sequence which summarizes the paper. Then set\\n> about revising or adding words to make it all cohesive and clear. As you\\n> become more proficient you will most likely compose the Abstract from\\n> scratch.\\n>\\n> 4\\\\. Check your work: Once you have the completed abstract, check to make\\n> sure that the information in the abstract completely agrees with what is\\n> written in the paper. Confirm that all the information appearing the\\n> abstract actually appears in the body of the paper.\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> ### INTRODUCTION\\n>\\n> ##### [ strategy | FAQs | style | structure | relevant literature review |\\n> statement of purpose | rationale ]\\n>\\n> 1\\\\. Function: The function of the Introduction is to:\\n>\\n> * Establish the context of the work being reported. This is accomplished\\n> by discussing the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and\\n> summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating;\\n> * State the purpose of the work in the form of the hypothesis, question,\\n> or problem you investigated; and,\\n> * Briefly explain your rationale and approach and, whenever possible, the\\n> possible outcomes your study can reveal.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Quite literally, the Introduction must answer the questions, \\\"What was I\\n> studying? Why was it an important question? What did we know about it before\\n> I did this study? How will this study advance our knowledge?\\\"\\n>\\n> 2\\\\. Style: Use the active voice as much as possible. Some use of first\\n> person is okay, but do not overdo it.\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> 3\\\\. Structure: The structure of the Introduction can be thought of as an\\n> inverted triangle - the broadest part at the top representing the most\\n> general information and focusing down to the specific problem you studied.\\n> Organize the information to present the more general aspects of the topic\\n> early in the Introduction, then narrow toward the more specific topical\\n> information that provides context, finally arriving at your statement of\\n> purpose and rationale. A good way to get on track is to sketch out the\\n> Introduction backwards; start with the specific purpose and then decide what\\n> is the scientific context in which you are asking the question(s) your study\\n> addresses. Once the scientific context is decided, then you'll have a good\\n> sense of what level and type of general information with which the\\n> Introduction should begin.\\n>\\n> Here is the information should flow in your Introduction:\\n>\\n> * Begin your Introduction by clearly identifying the subject area of\\n> interest. Do this by using key words from your Title in the first few\\n> sentences of the Introduction to get it focused directly on topic at the\\n> appropriate level. This insures that you get to the primary subject matter\\n> quickly without losing focus, or discussing information that is too general.\\n> For example, in the mouse behavior paper, the words hormones and behavior\\n> would likely appear within the first one or two sentences of the\\n> Introduction.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> * Establish the context by providing a brief and balanced review of the\\n> pertinent published literature that is available on the subject. The key is\\n> to summarize (for the reader) what we knew about the specific problem before\\n> you did your experiments or studies. This is accomplished with a general\\n> review of the primary research literature (with citations) but should not\\n> include very specific, lengthy explanations that you will probably discuss\\n> in greater detail later in the Discussion. The judgment of what is general\\n> or specific is difficult at first, but with practice and reading of the\\n> scientific literature you will develop e firmer sense of your audience. In\\n> the mouse behavior paper, for example, you would begin the Introduction at\\n> the level of mating behavior in general, then quickly focus to mouse mating\\n> behaviors and then hormonal regulation of behavior. Lead the reader to your\\n> statement of purpose/hypothesis by focusing your literature review from the\\n> more general context (the big picture e.g., hormonal modulation of\\n> behaviors) to the more specific topic of interest to you (e.g., role/effects\\n> of reproductive hormones, especially estrogen, in modulating specific sexual\\n> behaviors of mice.)\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> * What literature should you look for in your review of what we know about\\n> the problem? Focus your efforts on the primary research journals - the\\n> journals that publish original research articles. Although you may read some\\n> general background references (encyclopedias, textbooks, lab manuals, style\\n> manuals, etc.) to get yourself acquainted with the subject area, do not cite\\n> these, becasue they contain information that is considered fundamental or\\n> \\\"common\\\" knowledge wqithin the discipline. Cite, instead, articles that\\n> reported specific results relevant to your study. Learn, as soon as\\n> possible, how to find the primary literature (research journals) and review\\n> articles rather than depending on reference books. The articles listed in\\n> the Literature Cited of relevant papers you find are a good starting point\\n> to move backwards in a line of inquiry. Most academic libraries support the\\n> Citation Index - an index which is useful for tracking a line of inquiry\\n> forward in time. Some of the newer search engines will actually send you\\n> alerts of new papers that cite particular articles of interest to you.\\n> Review articles are particularly useful because they summarize all the\\n> research done on a narrow subject area over a brief period of time (a year\\n> to a few years in most cases).\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> * Be sure to clearly state the purpose and /or hypothesis that you\\n> investigated. When you are first learning to write in this format it is\\n> okay, and actually preferable, to use a pat statement like, \\\"The purpose of\\n> this study was to....\\\" or \\\"We investigated three possible mechanisms to\\n> explain the ... (1) blah, blah..(2) etc. It is most usual to place the\\n> statement of purpose near the end of the Introduction, often as the topic\\n> sentence of the final paragraph. It is not necessary (or even desirable) to\\n> use the words \\\"hypothesis\\\" or \\\"null hypothesis\\\", since these are usually\\n> implicit if you clearly state your purpose and expectations.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of page\\n>\\n> * Provide a clear statement of the rationale for your approach to the\\n> problem studied. For example: State briefly how you approached the problem\\n> (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria\\n> of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the\\n> last paragraph of the Introduction. Why did you choose this kind of\\n> experiment or experimental design? What are the scientific merits of this\\n> particular model system? What advantages does it confer in answering the\\n> particular question(s) you are posing? Do not discuss here the actual\\n> techniques or protocols used in your study (this will be done in the\\n> Materials and Methods); your readers will be quite familiar with the usual\\n> techniques and approaches used in your field. If you are using a novel (new,\\n> revolutionary, never used before) technique or methodology, the merits of\\n> the new technique/method versus the previously used methods should be\\n> presented in the Introduction.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> ### MATERIALS AND METHODS\\n>\\n> This section is variously called Methods or Methods and Materials.\\n>\\n> 1\\\\. Function: In this section you explain clearly how you carried out your\\n> study in the following general structure and organization (details follow\\n> below):\\n>\\n> * the the organism(s) studied (plant, animal, human, etc.) and, when\\n> relevant, their pre-experiment handling and care, and when and where the\\n> study was carried out (only if location and time are important factors);\\n> note that the term \\\"subject\\\" is used ONLY for human studies.\\n> * if you did a field study, provide a description of the study site,\\n> including the significant physical and biological features, and the precise\\n> location (latitude and longitude, map, etc);\\n> * the experimental OR sampling design (i.e., how the experiment or study\\n> was structured. For example, controls, treatments, what variable(s) were\\n> measured, how many samples were collected, replication, the final form of\\n> the data, etc.);\\n> * the protocol for collecting data, i.e., how the experimental procedures\\n> were carried out, and,\\n> * how the data were analyzed (qualitative analyses and/or statistical\\n> procedures used to determine significance, data transformations used, what\\n> probability was used to decide significance, etc).\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Organize your presentation so your reader will understand the logical flow\\n> of the experiment(s); subheadings work well for this purpose. Each\\n> experiment or procedure should be presented as a unit, even if it was broken\\n> up over time. The experimental design and procedure are sometimes most\\n> efficiently presented as an integrated unit, because otherwise it would be\\n> difficult to split them up. In general, provide enough quantitative detail\\n> (how much, how long, when, etc.) about your experimental protocol such that\\n> other scientists could reproduce your experiments. You should also indicate\\n> the statistical procedures used to analyze your results, including the\\n> probability level at which you determined significance (usually at 0.05\\n> probability).\\n>\\n> 2\\\\. Style: The style in this section should read as if you were verbally\\n> describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a\\n> certain extent, although this section requires more use of third person,\\n> passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this\\n> section. Remember to use the past tense throughout - the work being reported\\n> is done, and was performed in the past, not the future. The Methods section\\n> is not a step-by-step, directive, protocol as you might see in your lab\\n> manual.\\n>\\n> 3\\\\. Strategy for writing the Methods section.\\n>\\n> 4\\\\. Methods FAQs.\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> Describe the organism(s) used in the study. This includes giving the (1)\\n> source (supplier or where and how the orgranisms were collected), (2)\\n> typical size (weight, length, etc), (3) how they were handled, fed, and\\n> housed before the experiment, (4) how they were handled, fed, and housed\\n> during the experiment. In genetics studies include the strains or genetic\\n> stocks used. For some studies, age may be an important factor. For example,\\n> did you use mouse pups or adults? Seedlings or mature plants?\\n>\\n> FOR FIELD STUDIES ONLY: Describe the site where your field study was\\n> conducted. The description must include both physical and biological\\n> characteristics of the site pertinant to the study aims. Include the date(s)\\n> of the study (e.g., 10-15 April 1994) and the exact location of the study\\n> area. Location data must be as precise as possible: \\\"Grover Nature Preserve,\\n> 1⁄2 mi SW Grover, Maine\\\" rather than \\\"Grover Nature Preserve\\\" or \\\"Grover\\\".\\n> When possible, give the actual latitude and longitude position of the site:\\n> these can be obtained using handheld GPS units, OR, from web resources such\\n> as Google Earth(TM) and MapQuest(TM). It is often a good idea to include a\\n> map (labeled as a Figure) showing the study location in relation to some\\n> larger more recognizable geographic area. Someone else should be able to go\\n> to the exact location of your study site if they want to repeat or check\\n> your work, or just visit your study area.\\n>\\n> * NOTE: For laboratory studies you need not report the date and location\\n> of the study UNLESS it is necessary information for someone to have who\\n> might wish to repeat your work or use the same facility. Most often it is\\n> not. If you have performed experiments at a particular location or lab\\n> because it is the only place to do it, or one of a few, then you should note\\n> that in your methods and identify the lab or facility.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> Describe your experimental design clearly. Be sure to include the hypotheses\\n> you tested, controls, treatments, variables measured, how many replicates\\n> you had, what you actually measured, what form the data take, etc. Always\\n> identify treatments by the variable or treatment name, NOT by an ambiguous,\\n> generic name or number (e.g., use \\\"2.5% NaCl\\\" rather than \\\"test 1\\\".) When\\n> your paper includes more than one experiment, use subheadings to help\\n> organize your presentation by experiment. A general experimental design\\n> worksheet is available to help plan your experiments in the core courses.\\n>\\n> Describe the procedures for your study in sufficient detail that other\\n> scientists could repeat your work to verify your findings. Foremost in your\\n> description should be the \\\"quantitative\\\" aspects of your study - the masses,\\n> volumes, incubation times, concentrations, etc., that another scientist\\n> needs in order to duplicate your experiment. When using standard lab or\\n> field methods and instrumentation, it is not always necessary to explain the\\n> procedures (e.g., serial dilution) or equipment used (e.g., autopipetter)\\n> since other scientists will likely be familiar with them already.\\n>\\n> You may want to identify certain types of equipment by vendor name and brand\\n> or category (e.g., ultracentrifuge vs. prep centrifuge), particularly if\\n> they are not commonly found in most labs. It is appropriate to report,\\n> parenthetically, the source (vendor) and catalog number for reagents used,\\n> e.g., \\\"....poly-L-lysine (Sigma #1309).\\\" When using a method described in\\n> another published source, you can save time and words by providing the\\n> relevant citation to the source. Always make sure to describe any\\n> modifications you have made of a standard or published method.\\n>\\n> * NOTE: Very frequently the experimental design and data collection\\n> procedures for an experiment cannot be separated and must be integrated\\n> together. If you find yourself repeating lots of information about the\\n> experimental design when describing the data collection procedure(s), likely\\n> you can combine them and be more concise.\\n> * NOTE: Although tempting, DO NOT say that you \\\"recorded the data,\\\" i.e.,\\n> in your lab notebook, in the Methods description. Of course you did, because\\n> that is what all good scientists do, and it is a given that you recorded\\n> your measurements and observations.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Describe how the data were summarized and analyzed. Here you will indicate\\n> what types of descriptive statistics were used and which analyses (usually\\n> hypothesis tests) were employed to answer each of the questions or\\n> hypotheses tested and determine statistical siginifcance.\\n>\\n> The information should include:\\n>\\n> * Statistical software used: Sometimes it is necessary to report which\\n> statistical software you used; this would be at the discretion of your\\n> instructor or the journal;\\n> * how the data were summarized (Means, percent, etc) and how you are\\n> reporting measures of variability (SD,SEM, 95% CI, etc)\\n>\\n> * this lets you avoid having to repeatedly indicate you are using mean ±\\n> SD or SEM.\\n> * which data transformations were used(e.g., to correct for normal\\n> distribution or equalize variances);\\n> * statistical tests used with reference to the particular questions, or\\n> kinds of questions, they address. For example,\\n>\\n\\n>\\n\\n>> \\\"A Paired t-test was used to compare mean flight duration before and after\\napplying stablizers to the glider's wings.\\\"\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> \\\"One way ANOVA was used to compare mean weight gain in weight-matched\\ncalves fed the three different rations.\\\"\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> \\\"Comparisons among the three pH treatment groups for each variable were\\ndone using one way ANOVA (with Tukey's post hoc test) or a Kruskal-Wallis Test\\n(with Dunn's post hoc test).\\\"\\n\\n>\\n> * any other numerical (e.g., normalizing data) or graphical techniques\\n> used to analyze the data\\n> * what probability (a priori) was used to decide significance; usually\\n> reported as the Greek symbol alpha.\\n> * NOTE: You DO NOT need to say that you made graphs and tables.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> Here is some additional advice on particular problems common to new\\n> scientific writers.\\n>\\n> Problem: The Methods section is prone to being wordy or overly detailed.\\n>\\n> * Avoid repeatedly using a single sentence to relate a single action; this\\n> results in very lengthy, wordy passages. A related sequence of actions can\\n> be combined into one sentence to improve clarity and readability:\\n>\\n\\n>\\n\\n>> Problematic Example: This is a very long and wordy description of a common,\\nsimple procedure. It is characterized by single actions per sentence and lots\\nof unnecessary details.\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> \\\"The petri dish was placed on the turntable. The lid was then raised\\nslightly. An inoculating loop was used to transfer culture to the agar\\nsurface. The turntable was rotated 90 degrees by hand. The loop was moved\\nlightly back and forth over the agar to spread the culture. The bacteria were\\nthen incubated at 37 C for 24 hr.\\\"\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> Improved Example: Same actions, but all the important information is given\\nin a single, concise sentence. Note that superfluous detail and otherwise\\nobvious information has been deleted while important missing information was\\nadded.\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> \\\"Each plate was placed on a turntable and streaked at opposing angles with\\nfresh overnight E. coli culture using an inoculating loop. The bacteria were\\nthen incubated at 37 C for 24 hr.\\\"\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> Best: Here the author assumes the reader has basic knowledge of\\nmicrobiological techniques and has deleted other superfluous information. The\\ntwo sentences have been combined because they are related actions.\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> \\\"Each plate was streaked with fresh overnight E. coli culture and incubated\\nat 37 C for 24 hr.\\\"\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> Top of Page\\n\\n>\\n> * Problem: Avoid using ambiguous terms to identify controls or treatments,\\n> or other study parameters that require specific identifiers to be clearly\\n> understood. Designators such as Tube 1, Tube 2, or Site 1 and Site 2 are\\n> completely meaningless out of context and difficult to follow in context.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n\\n>> Problematic example: In this example the reader will have no clue as to\\nwhat the various tubes represent without having to constantly refer back to\\nsome previous point in the Methods.\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> \\\"A Spec 20 was used to measure A600 of Tubes 1,2, and 3 immediately after\\nchloroplasts were added (Time 0) and every 2 min. thereafter until the DCIP\\nwas completely reduced. Tube 4's A600 was measured only at Time 0 and at the\\nend of the experiment.\\\"\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> Improved example: Notice how the substitution (in red) of treatment and\\ncontrol identifiers clarifies the passage both in the context of the paper,\\nand if taken out of context.\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> \\\"A Spec 20 was used to measure A600 of the reaction mixtures exposed to\\nlight intensities of 1500, 750, and 350 uE/m2/sec immediately after\\nchloroplasts were added (Time 0) and every 2 min. thereafter until the DCIP\\nwas completely reduced. The A600 of the no-light control was measured only at\\nTime 0 and at the end of the experiment.\\\"\\n\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> RESULTS\\n>\\n> 1\\\\. Function: The function of the Results section is to objectively present\\n> your key results, without interpretation, in an orderly and logical sequence\\n> using both text and illustrative materials (Tables and Figures). The results\\n> section always begins with text, reporting the key results and referring to\\n> your figures and tables as you proceed. Summaries of the statistical\\n> analyses may appear either in the text (usually parenthetically) or in the\\n> relevant Tables or Figures (in the legend or as footnotes to the Table or\\n> Figure). The Results section should be organized around Tables and/or\\n> Figures that should be sequenced to present your key findings in a logical\\n> order. The text of the Results section should be crafted to follow this\\n> sequence and highlight the evidence needed to answer the\\n> questions/hypotheses you investigated. Important negative results should be\\n> reported, too. Authors usually write the text of the results section based\\n> upon the sequence of Tables and Figures.\\n>\\n> 2\\\\. Style: Write the text of the Results section concisely and objectively.\\n> The passive voice will likely dominate here, but use the active voice as\\n> much as possible. Use the past tense. Avoid repetitive paragraph structures.\\n> Do not interpret the data here. The transition into interpretive language\\n> can be a slippery slope. Consider the following two examples:\\n>\\n> * This example highlights the trend/difference that the author wants the\\n> reader to focus:\\n>\\n\\n>\\n\\n>> The duration of exposure to running water had a pronounced effect on\\ncumulative seed germination percentages (Fig. 2). Seeds exposed to the 2-day\\ntreatment had the highest cumulative germination (84%), 1.25 times that of the\\n12-h or 5-day groups and 4 times that of controls.\\n\\n>\\n> * In contrast, this example strays subtly into interpretation by referring\\n> to optimality (a conceptual model) and tieing the observed result to that\\n> idea:\\n>\\n\\n>\\n\\n>> The results of the germination experiment (Fig. 2) suggest that the optimal\\ntime for running-water treatment is 2 days. This group showed the highest\\ncumulative germination (84%), with longer (5 d) or shorter (12 h) exposures\\nproducing smaller gains in germination when compared to the control group.\\n\\n>\\n> 3\\\\. Strategy for Writing the Results Section\\n>\\n> 4\\\\. Frequently asked questions (FAQs).\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> ### Things to consider as you write your Results section:\\n>\\n> What are the \\\"results\\\"?: When you pose a testable hypothesis that can be\\n> answered experimentally, or ask a question that can be answered by\\n> collecting samples, you accumulate observations about those organisms or\\n> phenomena. Those observations are then analyzed to yield an answer to the\\n> question. In general, the answer is the \\\" key result\\\".\\n>\\n> The above statements apply regardless of the complexity of the analysis you\\n> employ. So, in an introductory course your analysis may consist of visual\\n> inspection of figures and simple calculations of means and standard\\n> deviations; in a later course you may be expected to apply and interpret a\\n> variety of statistical tests. You instructor will tell you the level of\\n> analysis that is expected.\\n>\\n> For example, suppose you asked the question, \\\"Is the average height of male\\n> students the same as female students in a pool of randomly selected Biology\\n> majors?\\\" You would first collect height data from large random samples of\\n> male and female students. You would then calculate the descriptive\\n> statistics for those samples (mean, SD, n, range, etc) and plot these\\n> numbers. In a course where statistical tests are not employed, you would\\n> visually inspect these plots. Suppose you found that male Biology majors\\n> are, on average, 12.5 cm taller than female majors; this is the answer to\\n> the question.\\n>\\n> * Notice that the outcome of a statistical analysis is not a key result,\\n> but rather an analytical tool that helps us understand what is our key\\n> result.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Differences, directionality, and magnitude: Report your results so as to\\n> provide as much information as possible to the reader about the nature of\\n> differences or relationships. For eaxmple, if you testing for differences\\n> among groups, and you find a significant difference, it is not sufficient to\\n> simply report that \\\"groups A and B were significantly different\\\". How are\\n> they different? How much are they different? It is much more informative to\\n> say something like, \\\"Group A individuals were 23% larger than those in Group\\n> B\\\", or, \\\"Group B pups gained weight at twice the rate of Group A pups.\\\"\\n> Report the direction of differences (greater, larger, smaller, etc) and the\\n> magnitude of differences (% difference, how many times, etc.) whenever\\n> possible. See also below about use of the word \\\"significant.\\\"\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> Organize the results section based on the sequence of Table and Figures\\n> you'll include. Prepare the Tables and Figures as soon as all the data are\\n> analyzed and arrange them in the sequence that best presents your findings\\n> in a logical way. A good strategy is to note, on a draft of each Table or\\n> Figure, the one or two key results you want to addess in the text portion of\\n> the Results. Simple rules to follow related to Tables and Figures:\\n>\\n> * Tables and Figures are assigned numbers separately and in the sequence\\n> that you will refer to them from the text.\\n>\\n> * The first Table you refer to is Table 1, the next Table 2 and so\\n> forth.\\n> * Similarly, the first Figure is Figure 1, the next Figure 2, etc.\\n>\\n\\n> * Each Table or Figure must include a brief description of the results\\n> being presented and other necessary information in a legend.\\n>\\n> * Table legends go above the Table; tables are read from top to bottom.\\n> * Figure legends go below the figure; figures are usually viewed from\\n> bottom to top.\\n>\\n\\n> * When referring to a Figure from the text, \\\"Figure\\\" is abbreviated as\\n> Fig.,e.g., Fig. 1. Table is never abbreviated, e.g., Table 1.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> The body of the Results section is a text-based presentation of the key\\n> findings which includes references to each of the Tables and Figures. The\\n> text should guide the reader through your results stressing the key results\\n> which provide the answers to the question(s) investigated. A major function\\n> of the text is to provide clarifying information. You must refer to each\\n> Table and/or Figure individually and in sequence (see numbering sequence),\\n> and clearly indicate for the reader the key results that each conveys. Key\\n> results depend on your questions, they might include obvious trends,\\n> important differences, similarities, correlations, maximums, minimums, etc.\\n>\\n> Some problems to avoid:\\n>\\n> * Do not reiterate each value from a Figure or Table - only the key result\\n> or trends that each conveys.\\n> * Do not present the same data in both a Table and Figure - this is\\n> considered redundant and a waste of space and energy. Decide which format\\n> best shows the result and go with it.\\n> * Do not report raw data values when they can be summarized as means,\\n> percents, etc.\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Statistical test summaries (test name, p-value) are usually reported\\n> parenthetically in conjunction with the biological results they support.\\n> Always report your results with parenthetical reference to the statistical\\n> conclusion that supports your finding (if statistical tests are being used\\n> in your course). This parenthetical reference should include the statistical\\n> test used and the level of significance (test statistic and DF are\\n> optional). For example, if you found that the mean height of male Biology\\n> majors was significantly larger than that of female Biology majors, you\\n> might report this result (in blue) and your statistical conclusion (shown in\\n> red) as follows:\\n>\\n\\n>> \\\"Males (180.5 ± 5.1 cm; n=34) averaged 12.5 cm taller than females (168 ±\\n7.6 cm; n=34) in the AY 1995 pool of Biology majors (two-sample t-test, t =\\n5.78, 33 d.f., p < 0.001).\\\"\\n\\n>\\n> If the summary statistics are shown in a figure, the sentence above need not\\n> report them specifically, but must include a reference to the figure where\\n> they may be seen:\\n>\\n\\n>> \\\"Males averaged 12.5 cm taller than females in the AY 1995 pool of Biology\\nmajors (two-sample t-test, t = 5.78, 33 d.f., p < 0.001; Fig. 1).\\\"\\n\\n>\\n> Note that the report of the key result (shown in blue) would be identical in\\n> a paper written for a course in which statistical testing is not employed -\\n> the section shown in red would simply not appear except reference to the\\n> figure.\\n>\\n\\n>> * Avoid devoting whole sentences to report a statistical outcome alone.\\n\\n>> * Use and over-use of the word \\\"significant\\\": Your results will read much\\nmore cleanly if you avoid overuse of the word siginifcant in any of its forms.\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>> * In scientific studies, the use of this word implies that a\\nstatistical test was employed to make a decision about the data; in this case\\nthe test indicated a larger difference in mean heights than you would expect\\nto get by chance alone. Limit the use of the word \\\"significant\\\" to this\\npurpose only.\\n\\n>> * If your parenthetical statistical information includes a p-value that\\nindicates significance (usually when p< 0.05), it is unncecssary (and\\nredundant) to use the word \\\"significant\\\" in the body of the sentence (see\\nexample above) because we all interpret the p-value the same way.\\n\\n>> * Likewise, when you report that one group mean is somehow different\\nfrom another (larger, smaller, increased, decreased, etc), it will be\\nunderstood by your reader that you have tested this and found the difference\\nto be statisticallysignificant, especially if you also report a p-value <\\n0.05.\\n\\n>>\\n\\n>\\n> Present the results of your experiment(s) in a sequence that will logically\\n> support (or provide evidence against) the hypothesis, or answer the\\n> question, stated in the Introduction. For example, in reporting a study of\\n> the effect of an experimental diet on the skeletal mass of the rat, consider\\n> first giving the data on skeletal mass for the rats fed the control diet and\\n> then give the data for the rats fed the experimental diet.\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> Report negative results - they are important! If you did not get the\\n> anticipated results, it may mean your hypothesis was incorrect and needs to\\n> be reformulated, or perhaps you have stumbled onto something unexpected that\\n> warrants further study. Moreover, the absence of an effect may be very\\n> telling in many situations. In any case, your results may be of importance\\n> to others even though they did not support your hypothesis. Do not fall into\\n> the trap of thinking that results contrary to what you expected are\\n> necessarily \\\"bad data\\\". If you carried out the work well, they are simply\\n> your results and need interpretation. Many important discoveries can be\\n> traced to \\\"bad data\\\".\\n>\\n> Always enter the appropriate units when reporting data or summary\\n> statistics.\\n>\\n> * for an individual value you would write, \\\"the mean length was 10 m\\\", or,\\n> \\\"the maximum time was 140 min.\\\"\\n> * When including a measure of variability, place the unit after the error\\n> value, e.g., \\\"...was 10 ± 2.3 m\\\".\\n> * Likewise place the unit after the last in a series of numbers all having\\n> the same unit. For example: \\\"lengths of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m\\\", or \\\"no\\n> differences were observed after 2, 4, 6, or 8 min. of incubation\\\".\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> ### DISCUSSION\\n>\\n> | strategy | FAQs | style | approach | use of literature | results in\\n> discussion |\\n>\\n> 1\\\\. Function: The function of the Discussion is to interpret your results in\\n> light of what was already known about the subject of the investigation, and\\n> to explain our new understanding of the problem after taking your results\\n> into consideration. The Discussion will always connect to the Introduction\\n> by way of the question(s) or hypotheses you posed and the literature you\\n> cited, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the Introduction. Instead,\\n> it tells how your study has moved us forward from the place you left us at\\n> the end of the Introduction.\\n>\\n> Fundamental questions to answer here include:\\n>\\n> * Do your results provide answers to your testable hypotheses? If so, how\\n> do you interpret your findings?\\n> * Do your findings agree with what others have shown? If not, do they\\n> suggest an alternative explanation or perhaps a unforseen design flaw in\\n> your experiment (or theirs?)\\n> * Given your conclusions, what is our new understanding of the problem you\\n> investigated and outlined in the Introduction?\\n> * If warranted, what would be the next step in your study, e.g., what\\n> experiments would you do next?\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> 2\\\\. Style: Use the active voice whenever possible in this section. Watch out\\n> for wordy phrases; be concise and make your points clearly. Use of the first\\n> person is okay, but too much use of the first person may actually distract\\n> the reader from the main points.\\n>\\n> 3\\\\. Approach: Organize the Discussion to address each of the experiments or\\n> studies for which you presented results; discuss each in the same sequence\\n> as presented in the Results, providing your interpretation of what they mean\\n> in the larger context of the problem. Do not waste entire sentences\\n> restating your results; if you need to remind the reader of the result to be\\n> discussed, use \\\"bridge sentences\\\" that relate the result to the\\n> interpretation:\\n>\\n\\n>> \\\"The slow response of the lead-exposed neurons relative to controls\\nsuggests that...[interpretation]\\\".\\n\\n>\\n> You will necessarily make reference to the findings of others in order to\\n> support your interpretations.Use subheadings, if need be, to help organize\\n> your presentation. Be wary of mistaking the reiteration of a result for an\\n> interpretation, and make sure that no new results are presented here that\\n> rightly belong in the results.\\n>\\n> You must relate your work to the findings of other studies - including\\n> previous studies you may have done and those of other investigators. As\\n> stated previously, you may find crucial information in someone else's study\\n> that helps you interpret your own data, or perhaps you will be able to\\n> reinterpret others' findings in light of yours. In either case you should\\n> discuss reasons for similarities and differences between yours and others'\\n> findings. Consider how the results of other studies may be combined with\\n> yours to derive a new or perhaps better substantiated understanding of the\\n> problem. Be sure to state the conclusions that can be drawn from your\\n> results in light of these considerations. You may also choose to briefly\\n> mention further studies you would do to clarify your working hypotheses.\\n> Make sure to reference any outside sources as shown in the Introduction\\n> section.\\n>\\n> Do not introduce new results in the Discussion. Although you might\\n> occasionally include in this section tables and figures which help explain\\n> something you are discussing, they must not contain new data (from your\\n> study) that should have been presented earlier. They might be flow diagrams,\\n> accumulation of data from the literature, or something that shows how one\\n> type of data leads to or correlates with another, etc. For example, if you\\n> were studying a membrane-bound transport channel and you discovered a new\\n> bit of information about its mechanism, you might present a diagram showing\\n> how your findings helps to explain the channel's mechanism.\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> ### ACKNOWLEDGMENTS (include as needed) | FAQs |\\n>\\n> If, in your experiment, you received any significant help in thinking up,\\n> designing, or carrying out the work, or received materials from someone who\\n> did you a favor by supplying them, you must acknowledge their assistance and\\n> the service or material provided. Authors always acknowledge outside\\n> reviewers of their drafts (in PI courses, this would be done only if an\\n> instructor or other individual critiqued the draft prior to evaluation) and\\n> any sources of funding that supported the research. Although usual style\\n> requirements (e.g., 1st person, objectivity) are relaxed somewhat here,\\n> Acknowledgments are always brief and never flowery.\\n>\\n> * Place the Acknowledgments between the Discussion and the Literature\\n> Cited.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> ### LITERATURE CITED\\n>\\n> 1\\\\. Function: The Literature Cited section gives an alphabetical listing (by\\n> first author's last name) of the references that you actually cited in the\\n> body of your paper. Instructions for writing full citations for various\\n> sources are given in on separate page. A complete format list for virtually\\n> all types of publication may be found in Huth and others(1994).\\n>\\n\\n>> NOTE: Do not label this section \\\"Bibliography\\\". A bibliography contains\\nreferences that you may have read but have not specifically cited in the text.\\nBibliography sections are found in books and other literary writing, but not\\nscientific journal-style papers.\\n\\n>\\n> 2\\\\. Format and Instructions for standard full citations of sources.\\n>\\n> 3\\\\. Literature Cited FAQs.\\n>\\n> Top of Page\\n>\\n> ### APPENDICES\\n>\\n> | FAQs | Function | Headings | Types of Content | Tables and Figures\\n>\\n> Function: An Appendix contains information that is non-essential to\\n> understanding of the paper, but may present information that further\\n> clarifies a point without burdening the body of the presentation. An\\n> appendix is an optional part of the paper, and is only rarely found in\\n> published papers.\\n>\\n> Headings: Each Appendix should be identified by a Roman numeral in sequence,\\n> e.g., Appendix I, Appendix II, etc. Each appendix should contain different\\n> material.\\n>\\n> Some examples of material that might be put in an appendix (not an\\n> exhaustive list):\\n>\\n> * raw data\\n> * maps (foldout type especially)\\n> * extra photographs\\n> * explanation of formulas, either already known ones, or especially if you\\n> have \\\"invented\\\" some statistical or other mathematical procedures for data\\n> analysis.\\n> * specialized computer programs for a particular procedure\\n> * full generic names of chemicals or compounds that you have referred to\\n> in somewhat abbreviated fashion or by some common name in the text of your\\n> paper.\\n> * diagrams of specialized apparati.\\n>\\n\\n>\\n> Figures and Tables in Appendices\\n>\\n> Figures and Tables are often found in an appendix. These should be formatted\\n> as discussed previously (see Tables and Figures), but are numbered in a\\n> separate sequence from those found in the body of the paper. So, the first\\n> Figure in the appendix would be Figure 1, the first Table would be Table 1,\\n> and so forth. In situations when multiple appendices are used, the Table and\\n> Figure numbering must indicate the appendix number as well (see Huth and\\n> others, 1994).\\n\\n> Modified 3-7-11 Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927132346/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"Purdue OWL: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom.\",\n \"Copyright ©1995-2017 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"Purdue OWL: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\\n\\n# Welcome to the Purdue OWL\\n\\n * Purdue OWL\\n * Writing Lab\\n * OWL News\\n * Engagement\\n * Research\\n * Contact\\n * Site Map\\n\\nGeneral Writing • Research and Citation • Teaching and Tutoring • Subject-\\nSpecific Writing • Job Search Writing • ESL\\n\\nOWL Family of Sites > OWL > Research and Citation > Using Research > Writing\\nScientific Abstracts Presentation\\n\\n * Skip Navigation\\n\\n * Research and Citation\\n * Using Research\\n * Writing with Statistics\\n * Strategies for Fair Use\\n * Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing\\n * Paraphrase Exercises\\n * Avoiding Plagiarism\\n * Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\\n * Scientific Abstracts Presentation\\n * Formatting in Sociology (ASA Style)\\n * Resources for Documenting Sources in the Disciplines\\n * Citation Style Chart\\n * Giving to the OWL\\n\\n * #### Suggested Resources\\n\\n * -MLA Guide\\n * -APA Guide\\n * -How to Navigate the New OWL\\n * -Media File Index\\n * -OWL Exercises\\n\\nThis page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue\\n(https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include\\nthe entire legal notice at bottom.\\n\\n## Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\\n\\nMedia File: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\\n\\nThis resource is enhanced by a PowerPoint file. Download the free Microsoft\\nPowerPoint Viewer\\n\\nThis presentation is designed to acquaint your students with some guidelines\\nfor writing scientific abstracts.\\n\\nTell the OWL You're Requesting Copies of This Resource Tell the OWL You're\\nLinking to This Resource\\n\\nCopyright ©1995-2017 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue\\nUniversity. All rights reserved. This material may not be published,\\nreproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of\\nthis site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.\\n\\n\"\n },\n {\n \"original_url\": \"https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/\",\n \"archive_url\": \"http://web.archive.org/web/20200521041302/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/\",\n \"parsed_text\": {\n \"title\": \"How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation\",\n \"passages\": [\n \"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.\",\n \"Abstracts of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack important information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper provides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background, methods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary target of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels of experience may find useful ideas in the paper.\",\n \"This paper is the third in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions on how to write a good case report,[1] and how to read, write, or review a paper on randomized controlled trials.[2,3] The present paper examines how authors may write a good abstract when preparing their manuscript for a scientific journal or conference presentation. Although the primary target of this paper is the young researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of experience will find at least a few ideas that may be useful in their future efforts.\",\n \"The abstract of a paper is the only part of the paper that is published in conference proceedings. The abstract is the only part of the paper that a potential referee sees when he is invited by an editor to review a manuscript. The abstract is the only part of the paper that readers see when they search through electronic databases such as PubMed. Finally, most readers will acknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard copy of a journal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a title interests them, they glance through the abstract of that paper. Only a dedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most often only the introduction and discussion sections. Only a reader with a very specific interest in the subject of the paper, and a need to understand it thoroughly, will read the entire paper.\",\n \"Thus, for the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its abstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the abstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper. It is therefore the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly representative of the entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some general qualities. These are listed in Table 1.\",\n \"Although some journals still publish abstracts that are written as free- flowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal structure within a word count of, usually, 200–250 words. The usual sections defined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusions; other headings with similar meanings may be used (eg, Introduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results). Some journals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background and Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract). In the rest of this paper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined in turn.\",\n \"What is not known about the subject and hence what the study intended to examine (or what the paper seeks to present)\",\n \"In most cases, the background can be framed in just 2–3 sentences, with each sentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above; sometimes, even a single sentence may suffice. The purpose of the background, as the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to the study, and hence to smoothly lead into a description of the methods employed in the investigation.\",\n \"Some authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy background section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be justified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less space remains for the presentation of the results. This is unfortunate because the reader is interested in the paper because of its findings, and not because of its background.\",\n \"A wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2; most of these have been adapted from actual papers.[4–9] Readers may wish to compare the content in Table 2 with the original abstracts to see how the adaptations possibly improve on the originals. Note that, in the interest of brevity, unnecessary content is avoided. For instance, in Example 1 there is no need to state “The antidepressant efficacy of desvenlafaxine (DV), a dual- acting antidepressant drug, has been established...” (the unnecessary content is italicized).\",\n \"The methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It should contain enough information to enable the reader to understand what was done, and how. Table 3 lists important questions to which the methods section should provide brief answers.\",\n \"Carelessly written methods sections lack information about important issues such as sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, doses of medications, and duration of the study. Readers have only to flip through the pages of a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness is.\",\n \"Table 4 presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written methods sections, modified from actual publications.[10,11] Readers are invited to take special note of the first sentence of each example in Table 4; each is packed with detail, illustrating how to convey the maximum quantity of information with maximum economy of word count.\",\n \"The results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing should compromise its range and quality. This is because readers who peruse an abstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section should therefore be the longest part of the abstract and should contain as much detail about the findings as the journal word count permits. For example, it is bad writing to state “Response rates differed significantly between diabetic and nondiabetic patients.” A better sentence is “The response rate was higher in nondiabetic than in diabetic patients (49% vs 30%, respectively; P<0.01).”\",\n \"Important information that the results should present is indicated in Table 5. Examples of acceptably written abstracts are presented in Table 6; one of these has been modified from an actual publication.[11] Note that the first example is rather narrative in style, whereas the second example is packed with data.\",\n \"This section should contain the most important take-home message of the study, expressed in a few precisely worded sentences. Usually, the finding highlighted here relates to the primary outcome measure; however, other important or unexpected findings should also be mentioned. It is also customary, but not essential, for the authors to express an opinion about the theoretical or practical implications of the findings, or the importance of their findings for the field. Thus, the conclusions may contain three elements:\",\n \"Despite its necessary brevity, this section has the most impact on the average reader because readers generally trust authors and take their assertions at face value. For this reason, the conclusions should also be scrupulously honest; and authors should not claim more than their data demonstrate. Hypothetical examples of the conclusions section of an abstract are presented in Table 7.\",\n \"Citation of references anywhere within an abstract is almost invariably inappropriate. Other examples of unnecessary content in an abstract are listed in Table 8.\",\n \"It goes without saying that whatever is present in the abstract must also be present in the text. Likewise, whatever errors should not be made in the text should not appear in the abstract (eg, mistaking association for causality).\",\n \"As already mentioned, the abstract is the only part of the paper that the vast majority of readers see. Therefore, it is critically important for authors to ensure that their enthusiasm or bias does not deceive the reader; unjustified speculations could be even more harmful. Misleading readers could harm the cause of science and have an adverse impact on patient care.[12] A recent study,[13] for example, concluded that venlafaxine use during the second trimester of pregnancy may increase the risk of neonates born small for gestational age. However, nowhere in the abstract did the authors mention that these conclusions were based on just 5 cases and 12 controls out of the total sample of 126 cases and 806 controls. There were several other serious limitations that rendered the authors’ conclusions tentative, at best; yet, nowhere in the abstract were these other limitations expressed.\",\n \"As a parting note: Most journals provide clear instructions to authors on the formatting and contents of different parts of the manuscript. These instructions often include details on what the sections of an abstract should contain. Authors should tailor their abstracts to the specific requirements of the journal to which they plan to submit their manuscript. It could also be an excellent idea to model the abstract of the paper, sentence for sentence, on the abstract of an important paper on a similar subject and with similar methodology, published in the same journal for which the manuscript is slated.\",\n \"1. Andrade C, Mendhekar DN. Lithium, trifluperazine, and idiopathic leucopenia: Author and reviewer perspectives on how to write a good case report. Indian J Psychiatry. 2010;52:187–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"2. Andrade C. A 6-week, multicentre, randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of placeboxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of major depressive disorder in an Indian setting. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:69–72. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"3. Andrade C. Placeboxetine for major depressive disorder: Researcher, author, reader, and reviewer perspectives on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:73–7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"4. Andrade C, Radhakrishnan R. Prayer and healing: A medical and scientific perspective on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry. 2009;51:247–53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"5. Shah N, Mahadeshwar S, Bhakta S, Bhirud M, Fernandes P, Andrade C. The safety and efficacy of benzodiazepine-modified treatments as a special form of unmodified ECT. J ECT. 2010;26:23–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"6. Andrade C, Srihari BS, Reddy KP, Chandramma L. Melatonin in medically ill patients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62:41–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"7. Andrade C, Madhavan AP, Kishore ML. Testing logical memory using a complex passage: Development and standardization of a new test. Indian J Psychiatry. 2001;43:252–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"10. Kumar CN, Andrade C, Murthy P. A randomized, double-blind comparison of lorazepam and chlordiazepoxide in patients with uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009;70:457–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"11. Margoob MA, Ali Z, Andrade C. Efficacy of ECT in chronic, severe, antidepressant- and CBT-refractory PTSD: An open, prospective study. Brain Stimul. 2010;3:28–35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"12. Rao TS, Andrade C. The MMR vaccine and autism: Sensation, refutation, retraction, and fraud. Editorial. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:95–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\",\n \"13. Ramos I, St-Andri M, Birard A. Association between antidepressant use during pregnancy and infants born small for gestational age. Can J Psychiatry. 2010;55:643–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\"\n ]\n },\n \"parsed_md\": \"How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation\\n\\n * NCBI\\n * Skip to main content\\n * Skip to navigation\\n * Resources\\n * How To\\n * About NCBI Accesskeys\\n\\nMy NCBISign in to NCBISign Out\\n\\n# PMC\\n\\nUS National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health\\n\\n * Advanced\\n * Journal list\\n * Help\\n\\n * Journal List\\n * Indian J Psychiatry\\n * v.53(2); Apr-Jun 2011\\n * PMC3136027\\n\\nIndian J Psychiatry. 2011 Apr-Jun; 53(2): 172–175.\\n\\ndoi: 10.4103/0019-5545.82558\\n\\nPMCID: PMC3136027\\n\\nPMID: 21772657\\n\\n# How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference\\npresentation\\n\\nChittaranjan Andrade^^\\n\\n### Chittaranjan Andrade\\n\\nDepartment of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and\\nNeurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India\\n\\nFind articles by Chittaranjan Andrade\\n\\nAuthor information Copyright and License information Disclaimer\\n\\nDepartment of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and\\nNeurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India\\n\\nAddress for correspondence: Dr. Chittaranjan Andrade, Department of\\nPsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences,\\nBangalore – 560 029, Karnataka, India. E-mail: moc.liamg@cedardna\\n\\nCopyright © Indian Journal of Psychiatry\\n\\nThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative\\nCommons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits\\nunrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the\\noriginal work is properly cited.\\n\\nThis article has been cited by other articles in PMC.\\n\\n## Abstract\\n\\nAbstracts of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack\\nimportant information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper\\nprovides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background,\\nmethods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary\\ntarget of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels\\nof experience may find useful ideas in the paper.\\n\\nKeywords: Abstract, preparing a manuscript, writing skills\\n\\n## INTRODUCTION\\n\\nThis paper is the third in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in\\nthe Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions on how\\nto write a good case report,[1] and how to read, write, or review a paper on\\nrandomized controlled trials.[2,3] The present paper examines how authors may\\nwrite a good abstract when preparing their manuscript for a scientific journal\\nor conference presentation. Although the primary target of this paper is the\\nyoung researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of experience will\\nfind at least a few ideas that may be useful in their future efforts.\\n\\nThe abstract of a paper is the only part of the paper that is published in\\nconference proceedings. The abstract is the only part of the paper that a\\npotential referee sees when he is invited by an editor to review a manuscript.\\nThe abstract is the only part of the paper that readers see when they search\\nthrough electronic databases such as PubMed. Finally, most readers will\\nacknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard copy of a\\njournal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a title\\ninterests them, they glance through the abstract of that paper. Only a\\ndedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most often\\nonly the introduction and discussion sections. Only a reader with a very\\nspecific interest in the subject of the paper, and a need to understand it\\nthoroughly, will read the entire paper.\\n\\nThus, for the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its\\nabstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the\\nabstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper. It is\\ntherefore the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly\\nrepresentative of the entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some\\ngeneral qualities. These are listed in Table 1.\\n\\n### Table 1\\n\\nGeneral qualities of a good abstract\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\n## SECTIONS OF AN ABSTRACT\\n\\nAlthough some journals still publish abstracts that are written as free-\\nflowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal\\nstructure within a word count of, usually, 200–250 words. The usual sections\\ndefined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and\\nConclusions; other headings with similar meanings may be used (eg,\\nIntroduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results). Some\\njournals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background\\nand Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract). In the rest of this\\npaper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined in\\nturn.\\n\\n### Background\\n\\nThis section should be the shortest part of the abstract and should very\\nbriefly outline the following information:\\n\\n 1. What is already known about the subject, related to the paper in question\\n\\n 2. What is not known about the subject and hence what the study intended to examine (or what the paper seeks to present)\\n\\nIn most cases, the background can be framed in just 2–3 sentences, with each\\nsentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above;\\nsometimes, even a single sentence may suffice. The purpose of the background,\\nas the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to\\nthe study, and hence to smoothly lead into a description of the methods\\nemployed in the investigation.\\n\\nSome authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy\\nbackground section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be\\njustified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less\\nspace remains for the presentation of the results. This is unfortunate because\\nthe reader is interested in the paper because of its findings, and not because\\nof its background.\\n\\nA wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2; most\\nof these have been adapted from actual papers.[4–9] Readers may wish to\\ncompare the content in Table 2 with the original abstracts to see how the\\nadaptations possibly improve on the originals. Note that, in the interest of\\nbrevity, unnecessary content is avoided. For instance, in Example 1 there is\\nno need to state “The antidepressant efficacy of desvenlafaxine (DV), a dual-\\nacting antidepressant drug, has been established...” (the unnecessary content\\nis italicized).\\n\\n### Table 2\\n\\nExamples of the background section of an abstract\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\n### Methods\\n\\nThe methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It\\nshould contain enough information to enable the reader to understand what was\\ndone, and how. Table 3 lists important questions to which the methods section\\nshould provide brief answers.\\n\\n### Table 3\\n\\nQuestions regarding which information should ideally be available in the\\nmethods section of an abstract\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\nCarelessly written methods sections lack information about important issues\\nsuch as sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, doses of\\nmedications, and duration of the study. Readers have only to flip through the\\npages of a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness\\nis.\\n\\nTable 4 presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written methods\\nsections, modified from actual publications.[10,11] Readers are invited to\\ntake special note of the first sentence of each example in Table 4; each is\\npacked with detail, illustrating how to convey the maximum quantity of\\ninformation with maximum economy of word count.\\n\\n### Table 4\\n\\nExamples of the methods section of an abstract\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\n### Results\\n\\nThe results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing\\nshould compromise its range and quality. This is because readers who peruse an\\nabstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section\\nshould therefore be the longest part of the abstract and should contain as\\nmuch detail about the findings as the journal word count permits. For example,\\nit is bad writing to state “Response rates differed significantly between\\ndiabetic and nondiabetic patients.” A better sentence is “The response rate\\nwas higher in nondiabetic than in diabetic patients (49% vs 30%, respectively;\\nP<0.01).”\\n\\nImportant information that the results should present is indicated in Table 5.\\nExamples of acceptably written abstracts are presented in Table 6; one of\\nthese has been modified from an actual publication.[11] Note that the first\\nexample is rather narrative in style, whereas the second example is packed\\nwith data.\\n\\n### Table 5\\n\\nInformation that the results section of the abstract should ideally present\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\n### Table 6\\n\\nExamples of the results section of an abstract\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\n## CONCLUSIONS\\n\\nThis section should contain the most important take-home message of the study,\\nexpressed in a few precisely worded sentences. Usually, the finding\\nhighlighted here relates to the primary outcome measure; however, other\\nimportant or unexpected findings should also be mentioned. It is also\\ncustomary, but not essential, for the authors to express an opinion about the\\ntheoretical or practical implications of the findings, or the importance of\\ntheir findings for the field. Thus, the conclusions may contain three\\nelements:\\n\\n 1. The primary take-home message\\n\\n 2. The additional findings of importance\\n\\n 3. The perspective\\n\\nDespite its necessary brevity, this section has the most impact on the average\\nreader because readers generally trust authors and take their assertions at\\nface value. For this reason, the conclusions should also be scrupulously\\nhonest; and authors should not claim more than their data demonstrate.\\nHypothetical examples of the conclusions section of an abstract are presented\\nin Table 7.\\n\\n### Table 7\\n\\nExamples of the conclusions section of an abstract\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\n## MISCELLANEOUS OBSERVATIONS\\n\\nCitation of references anywhere within an abstract is almost invariably\\ninappropriate. Other examples of unnecessary content in an abstract are listed\\nin Table 8.\\n\\n### Table 8\\n\\nExamples of unnecessary content in a abstract\\n\\nOpen in a separate window\\n\\nIt goes without saying that whatever is present in the abstract must also be\\npresent in the text. Likewise, whatever errors should not be made in the text\\nshould not appear in the abstract (eg, mistaking association for causality).\\n\\nAs already mentioned, the abstract is the only part of the paper that the vast\\nmajority of readers see. Therefore, it is critically important for authors to\\nensure that their enthusiasm or bias does not deceive the reader; unjustified\\nspeculations could be even more harmful. Misleading readers could harm the\\ncause of science and have an adverse impact on patient care.[12] A recent\\nstudy,[13] for example, concluded that venlafaxine use during the second\\ntrimester of pregnancy may increase the risk of neonates born small for\\ngestational age. However, nowhere in the abstract did the authors mention that\\nthese conclusions were based on just 5 cases and 12 controls out of the total\\nsample of 126 cases and 806 controls. There were several other serious\\nlimitations that rendered the authors’ conclusions tentative, at best; yet,\\nnowhere in the abstract were these other limitations expressed.\\n\\nAs a parting note: Most journals provide clear instructions to authors on the\\nformatting and contents of different parts of the manuscript. These\\ninstructions often include details on what the sections of an abstract should\\ncontain. Authors should tailor their abstracts to the specific requirements of\\nthe journal to which they plan to submit their manuscript. It could also be an\\nexcellent idea to model the abstract of the paper, sentence for sentence, on\\nthe abstract of an important paper on a similar subject and with similar\\nmethodology, published in the same journal for which the manuscript is slated.\\n\\n## Footnotes\\n\\nSource of Support: Nil\\n\\nConflict of Interest: None declared.\\n\\n## REFERENCES\\n\\n1\\\\. Andrade C, Mendhekar DN. Lithium, trifluperazine, and idiopathic\\nleucopenia: Author and reviewer perspectives on how to write a good case\\nreport. Indian J Psychiatry. 2010;52:187–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed]\\n[Google Scholar]\\n\\n2\\\\. Andrade C. A 6-week, multicentre, randomized controlled clinical trial to\\nevaluate the safety and efficacy of placeboxetine hydrochloride in the\\ntreatment of major depressive disorder in an Indian setting. Indian J\\nPsychiatry. 2011;53:69–72. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n3\\\\. Andrade C. Placeboxetine for major depressive disorder: Researcher,\\nauthor, reader, and reviewer perspectives on randomized controlled trials.\\nIndian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:73–7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google\\nScholar]\\n\\n4\\\\. Andrade C, Radhakrishnan R. Prayer and healing: A medical and scientific\\nperspective on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry.\\n2009;51:247–53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n5\\\\. Shah N, Mahadeshwar S, Bhakta S, Bhirud M, Fernandes P, Andrade C. The\\nsafety and efficacy of benzodiazepine-modified treatments as a special form of\\nunmodified ECT. J ECT. 2010;26:23–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n6\\\\. Andrade C, Srihari BS, Reddy KP, Chandramma L. Melatonin in medically ill\\npatients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin\\nPsychiatry. 2001;62:41–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n7\\\\. Andrade C, Madhavan AP, Kishore ML. Testing logical memory using a complex\\npassage: Development and standardization of a new test. Indian J Psychiatry.\\n2001;43:252–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n8\\\\. Andrade AC, Pai S, Cardoza S, Andrade C. Personality profile of urban,\\nfemale college students. Indian J Psychol Med. 1994;17:41–6. [Google Scholar]\\n\\n9\\\\. Andrade C, Postma K, Abraham K. Influence of women's work status on the\\nwell-being of Indian couples. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1999;45:65–75. [PubMed]\\n[Google Scholar]\\n\\n10\\\\. Kumar CN, Andrade C, Murthy P. A randomized, double-blind comparison of\\nlorazepam and chlordiazepoxide in patients with uncomplicated alcohol\\nwithdrawal. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009;70:457–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n11\\\\. Margoob MA, Ali Z, Andrade C. Efficacy of ECT in chronic, severe,\\nantidepressant- and CBT-refractory PTSD: An open, prospective study. Brain\\nStimul. 2010;3:28–35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n12\\\\. Rao TS, Andrade C. The MMR vaccine and autism: Sensation, refutation,\\nretraction, and fraud. Editorial. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:95–6. [PMC free\\narticle] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\n13\\\\. Ramos I, St-Andri M, Birard A. Association between antidepressant use\\nduring pregnancy and infants born small for gestational age. Can J Psychiatry.\\n2010;55:643–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\\n\\nArticles from Indian Journal of Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of\\nWolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications\\n\\n## Formats:\\n\\n * Article\\n\\n|\\n\\n * PubReader\\n\\n|\\n\\n * ePub (beta)\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Printer Friendly\\n\\n|\\n\\n * Citation\\n\\n## Share\\n\\n * Facebook\\n * Twitter\\n * Google+\\n\\nSupport Center Support Center\\n\\nExternal link. Please review our privacy policy.\\n\\nNLM\\n\\nNIH\\n\\nDHHS\\n\\nUSA.gov\\n\\nNational Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of\\nMedicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA\\n\\nPolicies and Guidelines | Contact\\n\\n\"\n }\n]"}}}],"truncated":false,"partial":false},"paginationData":{"pageIndex":3,"numItemsPerPage":100,"numTotalItems":8235,"offset":300,"length":100}},"jwt":"eyJhbGciOiJFZERTQSJ9.eyJyZWFkIjp0cnVlLCJwZXJtaXNzaW9ucyI6eyJyZXBvLmNvbnRlbnQucmVhZCI6dHJ1ZX0sImlhdCI6MTc1MTE2ODgwNCwic3ViIjoiL2RhdGFzZXRzL0x1cnVuY2hpay9XaWtpSG93TkZRQSIsImV4cCI6MTc1MTE3MjQwNCwiaXNzIjoiaHR0cHM6Ly9odWdnaW5nZmFjZS5jbyJ9.VGATXh3RKZDElyx8E2UhTSdzEcgf7aHGrxI_8kQjyGgX9giFwOp9WK1C4rM7Ksmg20ACH8e3cuWkf6IEJnG2DQ","displayUrls":true},"discussionsStats":{"closed":0,"open":1,"total":1},"fullWidth":true,"hasGatedAccess":true,"hasFullAccess":true,"isEmbedded":false,"savedQueries":{"community":[],"user":[]}}">
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1,881,773 | How To Season Crab Legs | To season crab legs by steaming them, start by boiling salted water. Then, place a steamer basket in the pot and add the crab legs. If you’re baking crab legs, first sprinkle them with salt and pepper and cover them in melted butter or olive oil. Then, put them in the oven on a baking sheet. However, if you want to boil your crab legs, begin by boiling salt and peppered water. Once boiling, add the crab legs to the water. Serve with lemon wedges and melted butter. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200317165740/https://whatscookingamerica.net/Q-A/KingCrab.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201118213320/https://www.food.com/recipe/crabs-garlic-butter-baked-crab-legs-238994",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210126201042/https://thestayathomechef.com/how-to-cook-crab-legs/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200407053337/https://www.helpwithcooking.com/seafood-shellfish/cook-crab-legs.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191212221905/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/fish/basics/how-to-boil-crab-legs/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200607092510/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-snow-crab-legs-157841",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200426003133/https://www.dummies.com/food-drink/cooking/how-to-boil-water/"
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"title": "How To Cook Perfect King Crab Legs, Whats Cooking America",
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"King Crab Legs are already cooked when you purchase them as they are cooked on the fishing boats or immediately upon landfall to preserve freshness (the crab is caught, cooked, then blast frozen to preserve its fresh taste). Because of this, King Crab need only to be adequately heated before eating. Remember, that unless you have purchased a live king crab, the king crab legs have already been cooked.",
"Frozen King Crab Legs: It is recommended that crab legs thaw overnight in your refrigerator. If you are in a big hurry, king crab can be thawed under cold running water to speed this up. If you place them on a rack in a watertight container, they can drain as they are defrosting.",
"Storage: Thawed crab legs can be maintained in the refrigerator for two days, but they should really be cooked as soon as they have been defrosted if possible.",
"Cooking king crab is usually just a matter of using your preferred reheating method. There are a variety of ways to reheat king crab. Steaming, microwaving, and oven baking are among the most common. With these methods, king crab only takes only 4 to 10 minutes to reheat:",
"Steam Preparation: Let the water in the bottom of the steamer pot come to a boil, then I add the crab legs in the steamer and cover. The crabs will be heated through when you can smell them. I also pick one up with a tong and touch the meaty part just to be sure that it is indeed warm. The best way to get at the meat is to use scissors. I use the kitchen shears that come with knife sets but you can buy one at any kitchen supply store by itself. Just break the crab apart at the obvious places and then cut down the middle. I also have, but is not necessary ,a glove in case the crab is really hot or if it is very spiny.",
"Oven Preparation: Arrange in shallow baking pan. Add just enough hot water to fill pan 1/8 inch deep. Cover tightly with aluminum foil. Bake at 350 degrees F. until just heated through, approximately 7 to 10 minutes.",
"Microwave Preparation: Add crab legs to a microwave-safe container. Add 1 tablespoon water per 8 ounces of crab legs. Microwave on high 3 to 4 minutes per 8 ounces of crab legs. Serve with lemon wedges, clarified butter and use nutcrackers to open shells.",
"Boiling: Boiling is not recommended for king crab legs. This is because the meat is so delicate in flavor that cooking it directly in water or using a crab boil can destroy the delicious flavors.",
"Clarified butter is also called drawn butter. Simply defined, clarified butter and ghee are translucent golden butterfat left over after the milk solids and water are removed. In short, clarified butter is just butter that contains only pure butterfat.",
"Clarified butter has a higher smoke point than regular butter, thus allowing you to be able to cook at higher temperatures, and will not spoil as quickly. The advantages of this type of butter is its long keeping quality (several months refrigerated) and its high smoke point (can be used in frying without burning). The disadvantage is that it does not have that same wonderful rich flavor of regular unsalted butter (since the milk solids have been removed) but it does have a more buttery taste than other oils.",
"Use a flambé pan, large skillet, or large chafing dish with rounded, deep sides and a long handle. Over medium, add the butter and let it melt. Add garlic and cook 1 1/2 minutes, until aromatic; do not let it burn. Add stock, salt, pepper, and crab legs. Cover and let simmer 6 minutes.",
"This may have to be done in batches if all the King Crab Legs do not all fit into the pan at one time. If done in batches, remove the heated legs from the pan and keep them warm until all are heated through. If done in batches, repeat until all are heated.",
"Note: If you are planning to flambé in front of your guests, light the dish at the table, but far away from guests and flammable objects. If you have a serving cart, now is the time to use it.",
"How To Flambe: When the last batch of crab legs are heated in the pan, remove cover, and reduce heat to medium high. Add the vodka around the sides of the pan and let the vodka warm. Ignite with a long match (such as fireplace matches or a long barbecue lighter). Never lean over the dish or pan as you light the fumes.",
"Do not carry the dish while flaming, this is best done on a serving cart slightly away from your table.",
"The restaurant chef make his own fish stock for heating the claws, but for the home cook, using the shelf-stable boxed variety from the supermarket is much easier and works fine.",
"Excellent advise. I prefer steaming crab legs. You can’t overcook them in steam. They maintain their tenderness that way. Thanks a bunch!",
"Under Clarified Butter, the 2nd paragraph reads: “Clarified butter has a higher smoke point than regular butter, thus allowing you to be able to cook at higher temperatures, and will spoil as quickly. ”",
"What a perfect way to prepare crab legs. I usually under cook or over cook them. These came out just right. Thanks for sharing!",
"What’s Cooking America is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to products which are identified on this web site with green text."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Cook Perfect King Crab Legs, Whats Cooking America\n\nAmerica's most trusted culinary resource since 1997\n\n# Perfect King Crab Legs Recipe\n\n * Recipe\n * Comments\n * Print\n\nPin210\n\nShare349\n\nTweet\n\nYum74\n\nEmail\n\nKing crab legs, with their sweet meat are ideal for entertaining and special\noccasions with your family or friends.\n\nKing Crab Legs are already cooked when you purchase them as they are cooked on\nthe fishing boats or immediately upon landfall to preserve freshness (the crab\nis caught, cooked, then blast frozen to preserve its fresh taste). Because of\nthis, King Crab need only to be adequately heated before eating. Remember,\nthat unless you have purchased a live king crab, the king crab legs have\nalready been cooked.\n\nCheck out more of Linda’s great Crab Recipes and Appetizer Recipes for more\ngreat cooking ideas\n\n#### How To Prepare Perfect King Crab Legs:\n\nFresh King Crab Legs: Only if you live near a crabbing community will you get\nfresh, raw crab legs.\n\nAmount of King Crab Legs to Purchase: Purchase 8 ounces to 1 pound per person.\n\nFrozen King Crab Legs: It is recommended that crab legs thaw overnight in your\nrefrigerator. If you are in a big hurry, king crab can be thawed under cold\nrunning water to speed this up. If you place them on a rack in a watertight\ncontainer, they can drain as they are defrosting.\n\nStorage: Thawed crab legs can be maintained in the refrigerator for two days,\nbut they should really be cooked as soon as they have been defrosted if\npossible.\n\n#### How To Cook King Crab Legs:\n\nCooking king crab is usually just a matter of using your preferred reheating\nmethod. There are a variety of ways to reheat king crab. Steaming,\nmicrowaving, and oven baking are among the most common. With these methods,\nking crab only takes only 4 to 10 minutes to reheat:\n\nSteam Preparation: Let the water in the bottom of the steamer pot come to a\nboil, then I add the crab legs in the steamer and cover. The crabs will be\nheated through when you can smell them. I also pick one up with a tong and\ntouch the meaty part just to be sure that it is indeed warm. The best way to\nget at the meat is to use scissors. I use the kitchen shears that come with\nknife sets but you can buy one at any kitchen supply store by itself. Just\nbreak the crab apart at the obvious places and then cut down the middle. I\nalso have, but is not necessary ,a glove in case the crab is really hot or if\nit is very spiny.\n\nOven Preparation: Arrange in shallow baking pan. Add just enough hot water to\nfill pan 1/8 inch deep. Cover tightly with aluminum foil. Bake at 350 degrees\nF. until just heated through, approximately 7 to 10 minutes.\n\nMicrowave Preparation: Add crab legs to a microwave-safe container. Add 1\ntablespoon water per 8 ounces of crab legs. Microwave on high 3 to 4 minutes\nper 8 ounces of crab legs. Serve with lemon wedges, clarified butter and use\nnutcrackers to open shells.\n\nBoiling: Boiling is not recommended for king crab legs. This is because the\nmeat is so delicate in flavor that cooking it directly in water or using a\ncrab boil can destroy the delicious flavors.\n\nServing Cold: Defrost at room temperature for a crab salad or serve cold with\nHollandaise Sauce or Clarified Butter.\n\nClarified Butter: To learn how to make clarified butter, check out Butter Ghee\nand Clarified Butter.\n\nClarified butter is also called drawn butter. Simply defined, clarified butter\nand ghee are translucent golden butterfat left over after the milk solids and\nwater are removed. In short, clarified butter is just butter that contains\nonly pure butterfat.\n\nClarified butter has a higher smoke point than regular butter, thus allowing\nyou to be able to cook at higher temperatures, and will not spoil as quickly.\nThe advantages of this type of butter is its long keeping quality (several\nmonths refrigerated) and its high smoke point (can be used in frying without\nburning). The disadvantage is that it does not have that same wonderful rich\nflavor of regular unsalted butter (since the milk solids have been removed)\nbut it does have a more buttery taste than other oils.\n\nPrint\n\nTaverna Opa's Steamed King Crab Legs Recipe:\n\nPrep Time\n\n10 mins\n\nCook Time\n\n10 mins\n\nTotal Time\n\n20 mins\n\nRecipe and photo from the Taverna Opa Restaurant in Fort Lauderdale, FL.\n\nCourse: Main Course\n\nCuisine: Greek\n\nKeyword: Perfect King Crab Legs Recipe, Taverna Opa's Steamed King Crab Legs\nRecipe\n\nServings: 4 servings\n\nAuthor: What's Cooking America\n\nIngredients\n\n * 1 tablespoon butter\n * 2 tablespoons garlic, minced\n * 3 cups (24-ounces) fish stock*\n * 1 teaspoon salt\n * 1 teaspoon black pepper, freshly-ground\n * 2 1/2 pounds King Crab legs and claws, cooked and chilled, cracked and legs cut in half crosswise\n * 1/2 cup 80-proof vodka, room temperature\n * Clarified butter, melted\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Use a flambé pan, large skillet, or large chafing dish with rounded, deep sides and a long handle. Over medium, add the butter and let it melt. Add garlic and cook 1 1/2 minutes, until aromatic; do not let it burn. Add stock, salt, pepper, and crab legs. Cover and let simmer 6 minutes.\n\n 2. This may have to be done in batches if all the King Crab Legs do not all fit into the pan at one time. If done in batches, remove the heated legs from the pan and keep them warm until all are heated through. If done in batches, repeat until all are heated.\n\n 3. Note: If you are planning to flambé in front of your guests, light the dish at the table, but far away from guests and flammable objects. If you have a serving cart, now is the time to use it.\n\n 4. How To Flambe: When the last batch of crab legs are heated in the pan, remove cover, and reduce heat to medium high. Add the vodka around the sides of the pan and let the vodka warm. Ignite with a long match (such as fireplace matches or a long barbecue lighter). Never lean over the dish or pan as you light the fumes.\n\n 5. Let cook until flame disappears (at this point all alcohol has burned off).\n\n 6. Caution When You Flambe:\n\n 7. Please remember to use extreme caution here, you will be dealing with a liquid that is on fire.\n\n 8. Do not carry the dish while flaming, this is best done on a serving cart slightly away from your table.\n\n 9. Keep a large metal lid on hand, to cover the dish in case your flambé gets out of hand.\n\n 10. Once the flame subsides, serve crab legs with pan juices over them and a dish of melted clarified butter.\n\n 11. Makes 4 servings.\n\nRecipe Notes\n\n* The restaurant chef make his own fish stock for heating the claws, but for the home cook, using the shelf-stable boxed variety from the supermarket is much easier and works fine.\n\n### Related Recipes\n\nCategories:\n\nCrab Crab Appetizers Flambe Recipes\n\n### Comments and Reviews\n\n### 10 Responses to “Perfect King Crab Legs Recipe”\n\n 1. #### Shelia Blaylock\n\nAugust 26, 2016\n\nExcellent advise. I prefer steaming crab legs. You can’t overcook them in\nsteam. They maintain their tenderness that way. Thanks a bunch!\n\nReply\n\n * #### Diva\n\nJanuary 22, 2017\n\nGoing to steam SOME today for NFL time!!\n\nHappy Sunday!!\n\nReply\n\n 2. #### Dianna Tomkiewicz\n\nDecember 5, 2016\n\nBest way to cook Large Santora crab legs. Oven vs steamed.\n\nReply\n\n 3. #### Jackie\n\nDecember 18, 2016\n\nCan u steam shrimp and crab legs together in same pot and same time\n\nReply\n\n * #### Linda Stradley\n\nDecember 19, 2016\n\nYes, but remember the crab legs will take longer to steam than the shrimp.\n\nReply\n\n 4. #### Janet R\n\nAugust 25, 2017\n\nUnder Clarified Butter, the 2nd paragraph reads: “Clarified butter has a\nhigher smoke point than regular butter, thus allowing you to be able to cook\nat higher temperatures, and will spoil as quickly. ”\n\nShould it say will NOT spoil as quickly?\n\nReply\n\n * #### Linda Stradley\n\nSeptember 1, 2017\n\nThank you for catching my error. I made the Change.\n\nReply\n\n 5. #### Dawn and Terry Bradley\n\nApril 19, 2018\n\nThank you for your clear instructions on how to cook king crab legs.\n\nReply\n\n 6. #### Crab Dynasty\n\nMay 10, 2018\n\nWhat a perfect way to prepare crab legs. I usually under cook or over cook\nthem. These came out just right. Thanks for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 7. #### Brenda Uhlarik\n\nNovember 18, 2018\n\nThank you I like them steamed I’ll be making them this Christmas\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\n### Sign Up for our Newsletter\n\n### Seasonal Recipes\n\n * Learn How to Make Perfect Pizza\n\n * Homemade Cracker Jacks Recipe\n\n### Newest Recipes\n\n * The Lowell Hotel-Pembroke Room’s Afternoon Tea\n\n * Decorative Holiday Afternoon Tea Sandwiches\n\n### Most Viewed Recipes\n\n * Perfect Prime Rib Roast Recipe – Cooking Instructions\n\n * Perfect Boneless Leg of Lamb Roast Recipe\n\nWhat’s Cooking America is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to products which\nare identified on this web site with green text.\n\n * What’s Cooking America ©2004-2020 by Linda Stradley\n * What’s Cooking America Privacy Policy and Disclosures\n\n### Sign Up for our Newsletter\n\nTop\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/crabs-garlic-butter-baked-crab-legs-238994",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201118213320/https://www.food.com/recipe/crabs-garlic-butter-baked-crab-legs-238994",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Garlic Butter Baked Crab Legs Recipe",
"passages": [
"I have tried and tried again to re-create the garlic butter crab legs that taste like the crabs from my favorite crab joint-The Crab House on Pier 39 in San Francisco. I have finally done it!",
"Preheat your oven to 375 degrees. Meanwhile, grab yourself a small saucepan. On med low heat, melt the butter. Add the garlic (I prefer a press) and LIGHTLY saute. Squeeze in the juice of the citrus of choice. If using a lemon, squeeze the juice into your hands so that you can remove the seeds with ease. Turn the heat to low and let those flavors mesh until the oven is nice and hot. Toss in as much salt (to taste) and a couple pinches of parsley. Then whisk in that olive oil with a fork. Turn off your burner.",
"Bake your crabs for about 25 minutes or so (depending on how thick the legs you have are), brushing the sauce from the bottom of the pan onto the legs every 5-7 minutes. Remove from oven. Sprinkle with a few pinches o' parsley for garnish.",
"I am a lazy gal, detest doing more dishes than I have to, and am a firm believer in the \"waste not, want not\" phrase. With that said, I just serve the crab in the same dish I baked it in so I can dip the meat into the tasty sauce, savoring every last drop. If you are the opposite, use tongs and place them on a platter and pour the buttery-goodness into ramekins. VOILA! Crab House comparable delicacy! \"Ohhhh my CRAAAABS!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Crabs - Garlic Butter Baked Crab Legs Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Crab\n\nCommunity Pick\n\n# Crabs - Garlic Butter Baked Crab Legs\n\n(123)\n\nRecipe by Missykrissy66\n\nI have tried and tried again to re-create the garlic butter crab legs that\ntaste like the crabs from my favorite crab joint-The Crab House on Pier 39 in\nSan Francisco. I have finally done it!\n\n159\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 35mins\n\nSERVES: 2\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 2\n\nlbs king crab legs\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\ncup butter (salted or unsalted)\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\nhead garlic, about 5 garlic cloves, minced pressed\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\nlemon, juice of\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\nlime, juice of\n\n * ^1⁄_8\n\ncup extra virgin olive oil\n\n * sea salt (optional)\n\n * dried parsley (optional)\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (562) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 2\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 994.4\n\nCalories from Fat 599 g 60 %\n\nTotal Fat 66.6 g 102 %\n\nSaturated Fat 31.6 g 158 %\n\nCholesterol 362.6 mg 120 %\n\nSodium 5275.2 mg 219 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 6.8 g 2 %\n\nDietary Fiber 0.4 g 1 %\n\nSugars 0.7 g 2 %\n\nProtein 89.4 g 178 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Preheat your oven to 375 degrees. Meanwhile, grab yourself a small saucepan. On med low heat, melt the butter. Add the garlic (I prefer a press) and LIGHTLY saute. Squeeze in the juice of the citrus of choice. If using a lemon, squeeze the juice into your hands so that you can remove the seeds with ease. Turn the heat to low and let those flavors mesh until the oven is nice and hot. Toss in as much salt (to taste) and a couple pinches of parsley. Then whisk in that olive oil with a fork. Turn off your burner.\n * Arrange your tasty crustaceans in a 9x13 baking dish, brushing each leg with the sauce. ***TASTY TIP*** I use an injector to pop a *little* extra UMPH into my crabs. Pour any remaining sauce over those puppies. Now toss the pan into the oven on the center rack.\n * Bake your crabs for about 25 minutes or so (depending on how thick the legs you have are), brushing the sauce from the bottom of the pan onto the legs every 5-7 minutes. Remove from oven. Sprinkle with a few pinches o' parsley for garnish.\n * I am a lazy gal, detest doing more dishes than I have to, and am a firm believer in the \"waste not, want not\" phrase. With that said, I just serve the crab in the same dish I baked it in so I can dip the meat into the tasty sauce, savoring every last drop. If you are the opposite, use tongs and place them on a platter and pour the buttery-goodness into ramekins. VOILA! Crab House comparable delicacy! \"Ohhhh my CRAAAABS!\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nGrilled Crab Legs\n\nby Molly53\n\n(20)\n\nSteamed Snow Crab Legs\n\nby Ms B.\n\n(30)\n\nSnow Crab Legs\n\nby Roy B\n\n(9)\n\nCrab Legs in a Smoker\n\nby cainrcc\n\n(0)\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2020 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://thestayathomechef.com/how-to-cook-crab-legs/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210126201042/https://thestayathomechef.com/how-to-cook-crab-legs/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Cook Crab Legs",
"passages": [
"Crab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive restaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home. We’ll show you how to boil, steam, or broil in the oven as well as show you how to eat crab legs too!",
"Crab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive restaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home. We’ll show you how to boil, steam, or broil in the oven as well as show you how to eat crab legs too!",
"When it comes to cooking crab legs at home, it really couldn’t get much easier. Even the most novice of cooks can easily cook up some delicious and perfect crab legs. There are three different popular methods for cooking crab legs: oven broiling, steaming, and boiling. We’ll cover all three methods and discuss the pros and cons of each one. And on top of that, we’ll even show you how to eat them, which is probably the hardest part of all.",
"There are two main kinds of crab legs that are sold in American grocery stores. You can buy snow crab legs, or King crab legs. Snow crab legs are sold in clusters so you’ll have several legs and maybe even a claw clustered together. King crab legs are much larger and are sold by the individual leg. Snow crab legs are significantly cheaper than king crab so you’ll have to choose which works best within your budget.",
"For King crab legs, take a pair of kitchen scissors and simple cut down the shell of a leg lengthwise. Fold it open to expose the meat inside.",
"For each leg part use two hands on each end to gently bend back and forth until the shell breaks. The meat should slide out easily from the shell.",
"For claws, use a cracker or your teeth to break open the shell. Do not apply too much pressure or you’ll crush the meat inside. Peel back the shell until you can easily slide the meat out.",
"For the cluster, crack it gently with your hands and fold it open. The meat is found on the inside. Use a small fork to remove all the pockets of meat.",
"Crab legs are most often served with melted butter and lemon wedges on the side. Once your meat is removed from the shells you can squeeze the lemon juice over and dip in melted butter.",
"Another popular serving option in the New England area is to serve crab meat with Old Bay seasoning which is a proprietary mix of herbs and spices that compliments seafood well. Sprinkle a little of the seasoning onto a plate. You can squeeze lemon juice over and dip in butter, and then dip in the Old Bay seasoning to finish before eating.",
"Watch the video below where Rachel will walk you through every step of this recipe. Sometimes it helps to have a visual, and we’ve always got you covered with our cooking show. You can find the complete collection of recipes on YouTube, Facebook Watch, or our Facebook Page, or right here on our website with their corresponding recipes.",
"Crab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive restaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home.",
"Fill a large pot with water and bring to a boil. Season the water with 1 tablespoon of salt, if desired. Submerge crab legs into the boiling water and simmer for 5 minutes. Remove from water and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.",
"Bring a large pot of water to a boil. Place a steamer basket over the boiling water. Place crab legs in steamer basket. Put lid on to cover and steam 5-7 minutes. Remove and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.",
"Preheat your oven on the broiler setting. Place crab legs on a baking sheet. Brush legs with melted butter or olive oil, if desired. Place tray 6 to 8 inches beneath the broiler and broil 3 to 4 minutes per side flipping halfway through. Serve hot with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.",
"Crab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive restaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home.",
"Fill a large pot with water and bring to a boil. Season the water with 1 tablespoon of salt, if desired. Submerge crab legs into the boiling water and simmer for 5 minutes. Remove from water and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.",
"Bring a large pot of water to a boil. Place a steamer basket over the boiling water. Place crab legs in steamer basket. Put lid on to cover and steam 5-7 minutes. Remove and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.",
"Preheat your oven on the broiler setting. Place crab legs on a baking sheet. Brush legs with melted butter or olive oil, if desired. Place tray 6 to 8 inches beneath the broiler and broil 3 to 4 minutes per side flipping halfway through. Serve hot with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.",
"Great information. Thanks! However, having grown up on Cape Cod, and having lived in the D.C. area for 20 years, I can assure you that Old Bay is definitely not a New England thing at all. It’s a Maryland Eastern shore thing with Chesapeake Bay Blue Crabs. In fact, Old Bay was invented in Maryland, and was purchased by McCormick in the 1990,s, and is still produced near Baltimore today. Fun food facts. Either way, it is great with seafood.",
"You are absolutely right about Old Bay is from Maryland.. I grew in a house on the Patuxent river and remember bushels of blue crab steamed with Old Bay..yum!!!",
"A lot cheaper too. My Harris Teeter puts them on sale sometimes for like $6.99 a cluster. I buy 10 lbs. I eat 9 and my son eats one lb lol",
"I love it! I wish I wasn’t an empty nester. Then I could use that excuse!! LoL. I bought a package of 3 clusters and ate them myself. I thought that was extravagant!! Everyone’s telling me to try Costco. That’s my next stop. I’m hooked! Thanks for the directions. I boiled them. Melted butter and use a lot of harissa. I love it. Thanks again!",
"Thanks for this easy way to prepare crab legs and was great for me because this is my first time cooking crab legs I did not realize it was so easy🙏🏽",
"Love how easy both lobster and crab legs are to cook! I’ll be buying both from our local fish market tomorrow!",
"Great job! Had no idea. Bought them in the store. Watched your video and boom I was a pro. Very informative from start to finish! Thank you kindly.",
"have’t cooked these for 20 years due to sickness, just needed a refresher for my memory to kickin, she did an excellent job telling how to cook them & how to get the crab meat out....GREAT BIG HELP..... THANK-YOU!!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Cook Crab Legs\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Recipe Index\n * Healthy Recipes\n * About\n * Cookbook\n * Media Kit\n * Videos\n\nStay at Home Chef on Facebook Stay at Home Chef on Instagram Stay at Home Chef\non Pinterest Stay at Home Chef on Twitter Stay at Home Chef on YouTube\n\nSearch\n\nToggle Mobile Menu\n\n * Recipe Index\n * Healthy Recipes\n * About\n\n# How to Cook Crab Legs\n\nCrab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive\nrestaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home. We’ll show you how\nto boil, steam, or broil in the oven as well as show you how to eat crab legs\ntoo!\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nSave Recipe\n\nSign in and save recipe to your profile.\n\nSign In\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\nCrab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive\nrestaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home. We’ll show you how\nto boil, steam, or broil in the oven as well as show you how to eat crab legs\ntoo!\n\nWhen it comes to cooking crab legs at home, it really couldn’t get much\neasier. Even the most novice of cooks can easily cook up some delicious and\nperfect crab legs. There are three different popular methods for cooking crab\nlegs: oven broiling, steaming, and boiling. We’ll cover all three methods and\ndiscuss the pros and cons of each one. And on top of that, we’ll even show you\nhow to eat them, which is probably the hardest part of all.\n\n## What kind of crab legs should I buy?\n\nThere are two main kinds of crab legs that are sold in American grocery\nstores. You can buy snow crab legs, or King crab legs. Snow crab legs are sold\nin clusters so you’ll have several legs and maybe even a claw clustered\ntogether. King crab legs are much larger and are sold by the individual leg.\nSnow crab legs are significantly cheaper than king crab so you’ll have to\nchoose which works best within your budget.\n\n## How to eat Crab Legs\n\nFor King crab legs, take a pair of kitchen scissors and simple cut down the\nshell of a leg lengthwise. Fold it open to expose the meat inside.\n\nFor Snow Crab legs:\n\n 1. Start by removing each individual leg from the cluster by snapping it off at the cluster.\n 2. Break each leg into two parts by snapping at the joint.\n 3. For each leg part use two hands on each end to gently bend back and forth until the shell breaks. The meat should slide out easily from the shell.\n 4. For claws, use a cracker or your teeth to break open the shell. Do not apply too much pressure or you’ll crush the meat inside. Peel back the shell until you can easily slide the meat out.\n 5. For the cluster, crack it gently with your hands and fold it open. The meat is found on the inside. Use a small fork to remove all the pockets of meat.\n\n## How to serve Crab Legs\n\nCrab legs are most often served with melted butter and lemon wedges on the\nside. Once your meat is removed from the shells you can squeeze the lemon\njuice over and dip in melted butter.\n\nAnother popular serving option in the New England area is to serve crab meat\nwith Old Bay seasoning which is a proprietary mix of herbs and spices that\ncompliments seafood well. Sprinkle a little of the seasoning onto a plate. You\ncan squeeze lemon juice over and dip in butter, and then dip in the Old Bay\nseasoning to finish before eating.\n\nIf you like this recipe, you may also be interested in learning how to cook\nlobster tails.\n\nWatch the video below where Rachel will walk you through every step of this\nrecipe. Sometimes it helps to have a visual, and we’ve always got you covered\nwith our cooking show. You can find the complete collection of recipes on\nYouTube, Facebook Watch, or our Facebook Page, or right here on our website\nwith their corresponding recipes.\n\n###### How to Cook Crab Legs\n\nRating\n\nServings\n\n2\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Linkedin Share via Email\n\nPrint\n\nPrint Recipe\n\nCrab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive\nrestaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home.\n\nPrep Time 5 minutes\n\nCook Time 7 minutes\n\nTotal Time 12 minutes\n\nIngredients\n\n * 2 clusters Snow Crab legs\n * 1/2 cup melted butter\n * 1 tablespoon Old Bay seasoning\n * 1 lemon cut into wedges.\n\nInstructions\n\n#### How to Boil Crab Legs\n\n * Fill a large pot with water and bring to a boil. Season the water with 1 tablespoon of salt, if desired. Submerge crab legs into the boiling water and simmer for 5 minutes. Remove from water and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.\n\n#### How to Steam Crab Legs\n\n * Bring a large pot of water to a boil. Place a steamer basket over the boiling water. Place crab legs in steamer basket. Put lid on to cover and steam 5-7 minutes. Remove and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.\n\n#### How to Broil Crab Legs in the Oven\n\n * Preheat your oven on the broiler setting. Place crab legs on a baking sheet. Brush legs with melted butter or olive oil, if desired. Place tray 6 to 8 inches beneath the broiler and broil 3 to 4 minutes per side flipping halfway through. Serve hot with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.\n\nNotes\n\nCourse: Main Dish\n\nCuisine: American, Seafood\n\nKeyword: Crab Legs\n\nSave Recipe\n\n###### How to Cook Crab Legs\n\nRating\n\nServings\n\n2\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on Linkedin Share via Email\n\nPrint\n\nPrint Recipe\n\nCrab legs are one of the easiest things to make at home. Skip the expensive\nrestaurant mark-ups and enjoy this gourmet treat at home.\n\nPrep Time 5 minutes\n\nCook Time 7 minutes\n\nTotal Time 12 minutes\n\nIngredients\n\n * 2 clusters Snow Crab legs\n * 1/2 cup melted butter\n * 1 tablespoon Old Bay seasoning\n * 1 lemon cut into wedges.\n\nInstructions\n\n#### How to Boil Crab Legs\n\n * Fill a large pot with water and bring to a boil. Season the water with 1 tablespoon of salt, if desired. Submerge crab legs into the boiling water and simmer for 5 minutes. Remove from water and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.\n\n#### How to Steam Crab Legs\n\n * Bring a large pot of water to a boil. Place a steamer basket over the boiling water. Place crab legs in steamer basket. Put lid on to cover and steam 5-7 minutes. Remove and serve with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.\n\n#### How to Broil Crab Legs in the Oven\n\n * Preheat your oven on the broiler setting. Place crab legs on a baking sheet. Brush legs with melted butter or olive oil, if desired. Place tray 6 to 8 inches beneath the broiler and broil 3 to 4 minutes per side flipping halfway through. Serve hot with melted butter, Old Bay seasoning, and lemon wedges for squeezing over meat.\n\nNotes\n\nCourse: Main Dish\n\nCuisine: American, Seafood\n\nKeyword: Crab Legs\n\nLeave A Review\n\nSimilar Recipes\n\n“Garlic Bread” Roasted Potatoes\n\n1 hr 10 min\n\n15 Minute Shrimp Scampi Pasta\n\n1 hr 10 min\n\nMediterranean Chickpea Salad\n\n1 hr 10 min\n\nSubscribe\n\n37 Comments\n\nMost Voted\n\nNewest Oldest\n\nInline Feedbacks\n\nView all comments\n\nMegan\n\nAugust 24, 2019 8:20 am\n\nGreat information. Thanks! However, having grown up on Cape Cod, and having\nlived in the D.C. area for 20 years, I can assure you that Old Bay is\ndefinitely not a New England thing at all. It’s a Maryland Eastern shore thing\nwith Chesapeake Bay Blue Crabs. In fact, Old Bay was invented in Maryland, and\nwas purchased by McCormick in the 1990,s, and is still produced near Baltimore\ntoday. Fun food facts. Either way, it is great with seafood.\n\n64\n\nReply\n\nJot\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 7:04 pm\n\nReply to Megan\n\nLove the reply! I miss the DC wharf. and the unknown seasoning from the barrel\n& plastic bags.\n\n6\n\nReply\n\nSandra Patterson\n\nAugust 1, 2020 8:04 am\n\nReply to Jot\n\nYes and the shrimps were big seasoned and tender we loved it! Crabs were off\nthe chain\n\n3\n\nReply\n\nLindy\n\nNovember 9, 2019 9:54 am\n\nReply to Megan\n\nYou are absolutely right about Old Bay is from Maryland.. I grew in a house on\nthe Patuxent river and remember bushels of blue crab steamed with Old\nBay..yum!!!\n\n12\n\nReply\n\nRosalind\n\nSeptember 8, 2020 12:28 pm\n\nReply to Megan\n\nYes indeedie! Gotta have a light sprinkling of Old Bay for our crab and shrimp\ndishes.\n\n0\n\nReply\n\nVictoria Dyer\n\nAugust 4, 2019 6:40 pm\n\nSo much better and cheaper than eating out anywhere!I dunno why people don’t\neat crab legs at home...\n\n11\n\nReply\n\nNeal Rouse\n\nAugust 30, 2019 2:55 pm\n\nReply to Victoria Dyer\n\nA lot cheaper too. My Harris Teeter puts them on sale sometimes for like $6.99\na cluster. I buy 10 lbs. I eat 9 and my son eats one lb lol\n\n7\n\nReply\n\nGail\n\nJanuary 26, 2020 7:31 am\n\nReply to Neal Rouse\n\nI love it! I wish I wasn’t an empty nester. Then I could use that excuse!!\nLoL. I bought a package of 3 clusters and ate them myself. I thought that was\nextravagant!! Everyone’s telling me to try Costco. That’s my next stop. I’m\nhooked! Thanks for the directions. I boiled them. Melted butter and use a lot\nof harissa. I love it. Thanks again!\n\n6\n\nReply\n\nGennetta\n\nDecember 25, 2020 10:46 am\n\nThanks for this easy way to prepare crab legs and was great for me because\nthis is my first time cooking crab legs I did not realize it was so easy🙏🏽\n\n2\n\nReply\n\nGail Westfall\n\nFebruary 6, 2020 10:03 pm\n\nLove how easy both lobster and crab legs are to cook! I’ll be buying both from\nour local fish market tomorrow!\n\n2\n\nReply\n\nKarl\n\nDecember 22, 2020 6:21 pm\n\nLove It❤️❤️❤️\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nAudrey\n\nDecember 19, 2020 7:35 am\n\ncrab legs work great in the instant pot on steam.\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nKim\n\nAugust 4, 2020 3:50 pm\n\nWonderful!\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nDana\n\nJuly 23, 2020 2:14 am\n\nEasily put and easy way to break into them\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nShelley\n\nJune 25, 2020 3:13 pm\n\nVery easy. Thanks for sharing\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nTshiama\n\nJune 16, 2020 3:48 am\n\nExcellent\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nSascha Loescher\n\nJune 10, 2020 10:05 pm\n\nGreat job! Had no idea. Bought them in the store. Watched your video and boom\nI was a pro. Very informative from start to finish! Thank you kindly.\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nphoebe\n\nJune 29, 2019 6:58 pm\n\nhave’t cooked these for 20 years due to sickness, just needed a refresher for\nmy memory to kickin, she did an excellent job telling how to cook them & how\nto get the crab meat out....GREAT BIG HELP..... THANK-YOU!!\n\n1\n\nReply\n\nNancy\n\nJanuary 17, 2021 6:48 am\n\nI loved to cook the crab recipe..\n\n0\n\nReply\n\nCarolyn L Pearson\n\nJanuary 15, 2021 4:02 pm\n\nGood cooking. I’m rating the video a 5.\n\n0\n\nReply\n\nMaveric\n\nJanuary 1, 2021 12:57 pm\n\n🤙🏻🤙🏻🤙🏻\n\n0\n\nReply\n\n### Leave A Review! Cancel reply\n\nRESTAURANT-QUALITY RECIPES YOU CAN EASILY MAKE AT HOME\n\nStay at Home Chef on Facebook Stay at Home Chef on Instagram Stay at Home Chef\non Pinterest Stay at Home Chef on Twitter Stay at Home Chef on YouTube\n\nCopyright © 2021 thestayathomechef.com All rights reserved\n\nBecome a Member\n\nSign up to save recipes in you recipe book, write reviews and more!\n\nSign up with\n\nContinue With Google Continue with Facebook\n\nBy signing up you agree to thestayathomechef.com's terms of use and privacy\npolicy.\n\nAlready a member?\n\nLog in with:\n\nContinue With Google Continue with Facebook\n\nwpDiscuz\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.helpwithcooking.com/seafood-shellfish/cook-crab-legs.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200407053337/https://www.helpwithcooking.com/seafood-shellfish/cook-crab-legs.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to cook crab legs",
"passages": [
"Crab legs are sometimes the meatiest part of the crab, depending on the species and they are definitely the most fun part of the crab to eat.",
"Whereas the meat inside the crab's shell is usually rich and brown in colour, the meat contained in crab legs is snow white in colour, extremely flavoursome and tender and succulent when cooked. For many, the delicately sweet white crab leg meat is the best.",
"In the US and Canada, however, no crab can beat the Alaskan king crab for the length of their legs and the amount of meat within them.",
"When you buy crab legs from the market, they are almost always sold already cooked and then frozen, so cooking them is just a matter of reheating.",
"The crab legs are cooked on board the fishing boats as soon as they have been caught and then immediately flash frozen afterwards. This ensures the freshness and the flavour of the meat.",
"If you are planning on buying crab legs, try not to buy ones that have been thawed, as they will tend to lose their taste and freshness upon thawing. Always try to buy frozen crab legs or pre-cooked and frozen crab legs.",
"Thawed crab legs can be maintained in the fridge for two days before they go bad, but they should really be cooked as soon as they have been defrosted if possible.",
"To defrost frozen crab legs, place them in the refrigerator for about 8 hours. If you place them on a rack in a watertight container, they can drain as they are defrosting.",
"Pour 2 cups of water in a steamer or a large pot, add 1 tablespoon of salt and bring to the boil.",
"Add the crab legs, placing them onto a rack in the bottom of the pan or into the steaming basket.",
"Steam the crab legs for between 5 - 7 minutes, until you can begin to smell their aroma and until they are warm. Take care not to overcook the legs as they have already been cooked once.",
"Half fill a large saucepan with cold water and add a tablespoon of sea salt and seasoning if you wish.",
"Brush the crab legs with butter or oil, seasoning and lemon juice and bake in the oven for 8 - 9 minutes.",
"Although the majority of crab legs will be sold already cooked and then frozen, if you do happen to prepare crab legs that haven't been cooked, follow the instructions for boiling crab legs, but boil for 15 - 20 minutes instead.",
"After the crab legs have been cooked using your preferred method, the only thing left is to tuck in and enjoy eating them.",
"Some people use nutcrackers to break the shell in order to get to the delicious meat, otherwise hammers, pliers, knives or simply forks can also be employed."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to cook crab legs\n\nHOME MEAL PLANNER\n\nMETRIC CONVERTER\n\nTEMPERATURE CHART\n\nSEAFOOD\n\nPOULTRY\n\nEGGS\n\nPASTRY\n\nFISH\n\nSAUCES\n\nHERBS\n\nSPICES\n\nHEALTHY EATING\n\nNUTRITION\n\nSTORAGE\n\nLet's get cooking! Sign up for our free meal planner, click here for more\ndetails.\n\n# How to cook crab legs. Including defrosting, steaming, boiling and baking.\n\nCrab legs are sometimes the meatiest part of the crab, depending on the\nspecies and they are definitely the most fun part of the crab to eat.\n\nSurprisingly for some, crab legs are not difficult to prepare and can be done\nin a matter of minutes.\n\nWhereas the meat inside the crab's shell is usually rich and brown in colour,\nthe meat contained in crab legs is snow white in colour, extremely flavoursome\nand tender and succulent when cooked. For many, the delicately sweet white\ncrab leg meat is the best.\n\nIn Europe spider crabs are popular, as they have long legs, which contain lots\nof sweet flavoured succulent meat.\n\nAdvertisements\n\nIn the US and Canada, however, no crab can beat the Alaskan king crab for the\nlength of their legs and the amount of meat within them.\n\nWhen you buy crab legs from the market, they are almost always sold already\ncooked and then frozen, so cooking them is just a matter of reheating.\n\nThe crab legs are cooked on board the fishing boats as soon as they have been\ncaught and then immediately flash frozen afterwards. This ensures the\nfreshness and the flavour of the meat.\n\nIf you are planning on buying crab legs, try not to buy ones that have been\nthawed, as they will tend to lose their taste and freshness upon thawing.\nAlways try to buy frozen crab legs or pre-cooked and frozen crab legs.\n\nFor one person you should buy between 8oz and 1 lb (225 - 450 g) of crab legs.\n\nThawed crab legs can be maintained in the fridge for two days before they go\nbad, but they should really be cooked as soon as they have been defrosted if\npossible.\n\nTo defrost frozen crab legs, place them in the refrigerator for about 8 hours.\nIf you place them on a rack in a watertight container, they can drain as they\nare defrosting.\n\nPre-cooked frozen crab legs can be cooked or reheated in a number of ways,\neven in the microwave.\n\n## To steam crab legs\n\n 1. Pour 2 cups of water in a steamer or a large pot, add 1 tablespoon of salt and bring to the boil.\n 2. Add the crab legs, placing them onto a rack in the bottom of the pan or into the steaming basket.\n 3. As the water starts to boil again, begin timing.\n 4. Steam the crab legs for between 5 - 7 minutes, until you can begin to smell their aroma and until they are warm. Take care not to overcook the legs as they have already been cooked once.\n 5. Remove from the heat and serve hot with melted butter and lemon wedges.\n\n## To boil crab legs\n\n 1. Half fill a large saucepan with cold water and add a tablespoon of sea salt and seasoning if you wish.\n 2. Bring the water to the boil and then drop the crab legs in.\n 3. Reduce the heat slightly and allow the crab legs to simmer and heat up for 5 - 7 minutes.\n 4. Remove from the water and rinse the crab legs. Serve hot.\n\n## To bake crab legs\n\n 1. Preheat the oven to 350°F (180°C).\n 2. Crack the whole crab legs and place them on a baking tray.\n 3. Brush the crab legs with butter or oil, seasoning and lemon juice and bake in the oven for 8 - 9 minutes.\n\n## To microwave crab legs\n\n 1. Wrap the crab legs in a damp paper towel and cook on high for 2 - 3 minutes.\n 2. Serve hot with butter, cocktail sauce or lemon wedges.\n\nAlthough the majority of crab legs will be sold already cooked and then\nfrozen, if you do happen to prepare crab legs that haven't been cooked, follow\nthe instructions for boiling crab legs, but boil for 15 - 20 minutes instead.\n\nAfter the crab legs have been cooked using your preferred method, the only\nthing left is to tuck in and enjoy eating them.\n\nSome people use nutcrackers to break the shell in order to get to the\ndelicious meat, otherwise hammers, pliers, knives or simply forks can also be\nemployed.\n\nAdvertisements\n\nback to top\n\nAdvertising\n\nContact us\n\nCopyright\n\nDisclaimer\n\nPrivacy policy\n\nSitemap\n\n© Copyright 2020 HelpWithCooking.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bhg.com/recipes/fish/basics/how-to-boil-crab-legs/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191212221905/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/fish/basics/how-to-boil-crab-legs/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Better Homes & Gardens",
"passages": [
"Boiling crab legs makes creating a special-occasion meal a cinch! If you know how to boil water, you basically already know how to cook crab legs. So we'll show you how to get the meat out of the legs and also how to cook frozen crab legs.",
"We know there can be sticker shock when buying crab legs, so reserve this fancy entrée for special nights or special guests, and use our tips to know how long to boil crab legs so they're cooked to perfection. Since they are almost always precooked, simply boil crab legs to warm them through, then serve them with melted butter.",
"Technically, the first step in how to make crab legs is to thaw them when you don't have fresh crab legs available (yay for you if you can get them fresh!). The best way to thaw frozen crab legs is to cover them in the refrigerator overnight. If space or time is an issue, you can also put the frozen legs in a colander in a sink and run cool water over them to thaw quickly.",
"Thawed (and fresh) crab legs can be steamed, grilled, and heated in the microwave, but boiling is one of the best ways to cook crab legs and one method we recommended in the Better Homes & Gardens Test Kitchen. The water gets into the shells, keeps the meat moist, and helps the meat heat through quickly. Here's what to do along with the answer to the pressing question: How long do you boil crab legs?",
"Step 1: Fill a large pot half to two-thirds full of cold tap water. Add 1 tablespoon salt; bring the water to boiling.",
"Step 2: Add four 4- to 8-ounce crab legs to the boiling water, bending and tucking the legs so as much as possible is covered in water. Return the water to boiling.",
"Step 3: Cook the legs, uncovered, 4 to 5 minutes or until heated through, adjusting occasionally with long tongs to make sure they heat evenly.",
"That's all there is to it! You now know how to boil crab legs! Getting the meat out is the real task.",
"Cool cooked crab legs until easy to handle. You may want to use a clean kitchen cloth when handling since the legs have nodules that can be sharp. Twist the legs at the joint. Often you can pull the meat from the shell as you twist.",
"Or use kitchen kitchen shears to cut through the shell to access the crab meat. If you tried twisting and pulling out the meat out but still see some left, grab the shears! You don't want to leave any crab meat behind.",
"For split legs, pull apart the shell with your fingers. Use a small seafood fork to remove the meat from the legs and claws.",
"When serving, keep things simple and let the crab legs star. You can go to all the effort of twisting, cutting, and separating crab legs for your guests or serve 'em up right out of the pot and let guests earn their fancy meal.",
"If the crab legs are not presplit, have kitchen shears available for splitting, and give each person a small seafood fork for getting crab meat out of the shells. Favorite accompaniments for crab legs are lemon wedges and small bowls of melted butter for dipping. Figure about 1 tablespoon butter per 4 ounces crab meat. Get fancy with your butter by adding fresh herbs as we did in our Steamed Crab Legs recipe (there are directions for how to boil crab legs, too in this steamed recipe, so now you'll know two ways to cook them).",
"Clarified butter is more commonly served with lobster, but since crab is another shellfish made even more delicious served with butter, you may want to try our Clarified Butter recipe with crab legs, too. Clarifying butter is a simple technique that removes the cloudy milk solids from melted butter, resulting in a clear, amber-hue butter that is pretty and delicious for dipping bites of crabmeat.",
"Because the crab season is short and quotas are strictly enforced, they are a bit of a splurge. Purchase top-quality crab legs from a trusted source and treat them with care. Most crab legs are cooked and frozen on the fishing boat as soon as the crab is caught, so you'll usually be buying frozen crab legs.",
"Look for crab legs that are fairly thick to ensure they will be meaty and easy to eat. Avoid those with a lot of ice crystals or that look like they have been frozen for too long. The leg meat is considered the best but the claw meat is still tasty.",
"Consider your pot size when purchasing crab legs since the legs will need to fit into the pot for cooking and they only bend at the joints.",
"King crab legs, which are from the northern Pacific, tend to be the largest legs available and offer delicate, sweet meat tinged with a red color. Because they are so meaty, king crab legs tend to be more expensive than snow crab legs, the other top variety. Sweet, slightly salty snow crab has white meat with a pinkish hue and hails from the northern Pacific and the waters of Canada's east coast.",
"BH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Data Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab EU Data Subject Requeststhis link opens in a new tab Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Boil Crab Legs | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n## Explore Better Homes & Gardens\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens Better Homes & Gardens\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletter\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * BH&G Insider\n * BH&G Magazine Archive\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# How to Boil Crab Legs for a Special Dinner Any Night\n\nBoiling crab legs makes creating a special-occasion meal a cinch! If you know\nhow to boil water, you basically already know how to cook crab legs. So we'll\nshow you how to get the meat out of the legs and also how to cook frozen crab\nlegs.\n\nBy Sarah E Crowder\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTwitter Email Send Text Message Print Comment\n\nWe know there can be sticker shock when buying crab legs, so reserve this\nfancy entrée for special nights or special guests, and use our tips to know\nhow long to boil crab legs so they're cooked to perfection. Since they are\nalmost always precooked, simply boil crab legs to warm them through, then\nserve them with melted butter.\n\n## Boiling Crab Legs\n\nTechnically, the first step in how to make crab legs is to thaw them when you\ndon't have fresh crab legs available (yay for you if you can get them fresh!).\nThe best way to thaw frozen crab legs is to cover them in the refrigerator\novernight. If space or time is an issue, you can also put the frozen legs in a\ncolander in a sink and run cool water over them to thaw quickly.\n\nThawed (and fresh) crab legs can be steamed, grilled, and heated in the\nmicrowave, but boiling is one of the best ways to cook crab legs and one\nmethod we recommended in the Better Homes & Gardens Test Kitchen. The water\ngets into the shells, keeps the meat moist, and helps the meat heat through\nquickly. Here's what to do along with the answer to the pressing question: How\nlong do you boil crab legs?\n\nStep 1: Fill a large pot half to two-thirds full of cold tap water. Add 1\ntablespoon salt; bring the water to boiling.\n\nStep 2: Add four 4- to 8-ounce crab legs to the boiling water, bending and\ntucking the legs so as much as possible is covered in water. Return the water\nto boiling.\n\nStep 3: Cook the legs, uncovered, 4 to 5 minutes or until heated through,\nadjusting occasionally with long tongs to make sure they heat evenly.\n\nStep 4: Using the long tongs, remove the legs from the water. If desired,\nrinse legs; drain well.\n\nThat's all there is to it! You now know how to boil crab legs! Getting the\nmeat out is the real task.\n\n## Removing the Crabmeat\n\n### Step 1: Twist at the joint and/or cut the shell\n\nCool cooked crab legs until easy to handle. You may want to use a clean\nkitchen cloth when handling since the legs have nodules that can be sharp.\nTwist the legs at the joint. Often you can pull the meat from the shell as you\ntwist.\n\nOr use kitchen kitchen shears to cut through the shell to access the crab\nmeat. If you tried twisting and pulling out the meat out but still see some\nleft, grab the shears! You don't want to leave any crab meat behind.\n\n### Step 2: Harvesting the meat\n\nFor split legs, pull apart the shell with your fingers. Use a small seafood\nfork to remove the meat from the legs and claws.\n\n### Step 3: Serving Crab Legs\n\nWhen serving, keep things simple and let the crab legs star. You can go to all\nthe effort of twisting, cutting, and separating crab legs for your guests or\nserve 'em up right out of the pot and let guests earn their fancy meal.\n\nIf the crab legs are not presplit, have kitchen shears available for\nsplitting, and give each person a small seafood fork for getting crab meat out\nof the shells. Favorite accompaniments for crab legs are lemon wedges and\nsmall bowls of melted butter for dipping. Figure about 1 tablespoon butter per\n4 ounces crab meat. Get fancy with your butter by adding fresh herbs as we did\nin our Steamed Crab Legs recipe (there are directions for how to boil crab\nlegs, too in this steamed recipe, so now you'll know two ways to cook them).\n\n## Clarified Butter\n\nClarified butter is more commonly served with lobster, but since crab is\nanother shellfish made even more delicious served with butter, you may want to\ntry our Clarified Butter recipe with crab legs, too. Clarifying butter is a\nsimple technique that removes the cloudy milk solids from melted butter,\nresulting in a clear, amber-hue butter that is pretty and delicious for\ndipping bites of crabmeat.\n\n## Buying Crab Legs\n\nBecause the crab season is short and quotas are strictly enforced, they are a\nbit of a splurge. Purchase top-quality crab legs from a trusted source and\ntreat them with care. Most crab legs are cooked and frozen on the fishing boat\nas soon as the crab is caught, so you'll usually be buying frozen crab legs.\n\n * Look for crab legs that are fairly thick to ensure they will be meaty and easy to eat. Avoid those with a lot of ice crystals or that look like they have been frozen for too long. The leg meat is considered the best but the claw meat is still tasty.\n * Consider your pot size when purchasing crab legs since the legs will need to fit into the pot for cooking and they only bend at the joints.\n * Some merchants sell crab legs that are already split. This makes harvesting the meat from the shells easier.\n * King crab legs, which are from the northern Pacific, tend to be the largest legs available and offer delicate, sweet meat tinged with a red color. Because they are so meaty, king crab legs tend to be more expensive than snow crab legs, the other top variety. Sweet, slightly salty snow crab has white meat with a pinkish hue and hails from the northern Pacific and the waters of Canada's east coast.\n * Plan on one 4- to 8-ounce crab leg per serving.\n\n## Watch It!\n\n * By Sheena Chihak\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Comments\n\nBe the first to comment!\n\n## Share options\n\n## Comment on this project\n\nComment on this story\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Shop | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n * Countertop Blenders\n * Food Processors\n * Crock Pots\n * Knife Sets\n * Cutting Boards\n * Spatulas\n * Colanders & Strainers\n * Can Openers\n * Skillets\n * Slow Cookers\n * Shop More\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens may receive compensation when you click through and\npurchase from links contained on this website.\n\n * Better Homes & Gardens Products at Walmart\n * Better Homes & Gardens Real Estate Services\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * Myrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * Mywedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nBH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\nData Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a\nnew tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab EU Data Subject Requeststhis\nlink opens in a new tab Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.bhg.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow to Boil Crab Legs for a Special Dinner Any Night\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-snow-crab-legs-157841",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200607092510/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-snow-crab-legs-157841",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Steamed Snow Crab Legs Recipe",
"passages": [
"I know that many advocate using seasoning and boiling crab legs, but I like the simplicity of the naturally sweet and rich flavor of crab legs that have been steamed. Using a two-piece pasta pot with the strainer portion as a steamer insert works well to perfectly steam crab legs. I always serve clarified butter for dipping the crab meat.",
"In a large pasta pot with strainer insert, bring 3-4 cups water to boil. (Water amount may vary, but just keep below the level of the strainer portion of the pot.)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Steamed Snow Crab Legs Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Crab\n\nCommunity Pick\n\n# Steamed Snow Crab Legs\n\n(30)\n\nRecipe by Ms B.\n\nI know that many advocate using seasoning and boiling crab legs, but I like\nthe simplicity of the naturally sweet and rich flavor of crab legs that have\nbeen steamed. Using a two-piece pasta pot with the strainer portion as a\nsteamer insert works well to perfectly steam crab legs. I always serve\nclarified butter for dipping the crab meat.\n\n39\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 17mins\n\nSERVES: 4\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 3 -4\n\ncups water\n\n * 2\n\nlbs snow crab legs, frozen\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (404) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 4\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 204.1\n\nCalories from Fat 24 g 12 %\n\nTotal Fat 2.7 g 4 %\n\nSaturated Fat 0.3 g 1 %\n\nCholesterol 124.7 mg 41 %\n\nSodium 1227.8 mg 51 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 0 g 0 %\n\nDietary Fiber 0 g 0 %\n\nSugars 0 g 0 %\n\nProtein 42 g 83 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * In a large pasta pot with strainer insert, bring 3-4 cups water to boil. (Water amount may vary, but just keep below the level of the strainer portion of the pot.).\n * Rinse ice from frozen crab legs, and place in the strainer insert of the pot. Cover.\n * Steam crab legs for 6 to 14 minutes, or until heated through.\n * Serve crab legs with clarified butter for dipping. (Recipe #51525 works well.).\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nTop 100 Seafood Recipes\n\n100 photos\n\nSnow Crab Legs\n\nby Roy B\n\n(9)\n\n75 Ultimate Summer Sides & Salads\n\n20 Best Recipes for Jazzing Up a Pr...\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2020 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.dummies.com/food-drink/cooking/how-to-boil-water/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200426003133/https://www.dummies.com/food-drink/cooking/how-to-boil-water/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Boil Water",
"passages": [
"Boiling means bringing water to 212 degrees Fahrenheit for cooking. But you don’t need a thermometer to boil water. The process to boil water (or any other kind of liquid) is simple, and you need to follow only a few steps:"
]
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"parsed_md": "How to Boil Water - dummies\n\n## Related articles:\n\n * How to Boil Water\n\n * Air Fryer Cookbook For Dummies Cheat Sheet\n\n * Charcuterie For Dummies Cheat Sheet\n\n * A Summer Staple: Corn on the Cob\n\n * How to Sauté (Pan Fry) and Stir-Fry\n\nLoad more\n\n 1. Food & Drink\n 2. Cooking\n 3. How to Boil Water\n\n# How to Boil Water\n\nBoiling means bringing water to 212 degrees Fahrenheit for cooking. But you\ndon’t need a thermometer to boil water. The process to boil water (or any\nother kind of liquid) is simple, and you need to follow only a few steps:\n\n## 1Put some water in a pan or pot.\n\nDon’t fill it to the top, or the water will splash out of the pan when it\nboils!\n\n## 2Place the pan on your stovetop and turn the burner to the highest setting.\n\nYour stovetop probably has a “Hi” or “Max” setting.\n\n## 3Let the water come to a full rolling boil (when the bubbles are rapidly\nbreaking the surface).\n\nCovering the pot speeds the process by trapping surface heat.\n\n"
}
] |
467,476 | How To Relate to an Autistic Boyfriend | If you have an Autistic boyfriend, improve your relationship by helping him in social settings and being as direct as possible. For example, help him navigate social situations that may feel overwhelming to him due to the loudness or crowding. Talk to him about why you’d like him to go to these gatherings with you and ways to make it easier on him. Suggest that he slip away to take a break every half hour, or set a time when you’ll leave so he knows how long he’ll need to handle the situation. If your boyfriend doesn’t like to be touched or know when it’s appropriate to give physical affection, tell him what you need or ask him before touching him. For instance, you might say “I’m feeling really upset right now. Could you please give me a hug? It would help me feel better.” | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200203093747/http://specialedabuse.com:80/signs-of-abuse/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210930105544/https://dsq-sds.org/article/view/1058/1228",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20220101072659/https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/dating-on-the-autism-spectrum/278340/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151002023531/http://psychcentral.com:80/blog/archives/2009/04/14/9-steps-to-better-communication-today/?all=1",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211001132312/https://www.autism.org.uk/living-with-autism/parents-relatives-and-carers/partners/frequently-asked-questions.aspx",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210605141037/https://autismum.com/2012/05/07/10-tips-on-how-to-communicate-with-autistic-people/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211002201752/https://www.autistichoya.com/2012/09/what-they-should-be-talking-about.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211124165828/https://autisticadvocacy.org/2014/01/2013-joint-letter-to-the-sponsors-of-autism-speaks/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210115211036/https://autismmythbusters.com/parents/therapy/the-truth-about-aba/"
] | train | 99 | [
{
"original_url": "http://specialedabuse.com:80/signs-of-abuse/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200203093747/http://specialedabuse.com:80/signs-of-abuse/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Abuse Abuse and Neglect",
"passages": [
"“The first step in helping abused or neglected children is learning to recognize the signs of child abuse and neglect.”",
"“Kids with autism by definition have a problem communicating. It means you can’t rely on a child’s report. You need to do a physical exam and look for evidence of abuse. It means you have to have a difficult and challenging discussion with the caregiver” said David Mandell, associate director for the Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s autism center.",
"Comes to school or other activities early, stays late, and does not want to go home (if abuse/neglect at home)",
"Is unduly protective of the child or severely limits the child’s contact with other children, especially of the opposite sex",
"Stop Hurting Kids is the national campaign to end restraint and seclusion abuse in schools. Restraint and Seclusion: Hear Our Stories (working title) is a new film by Dan Habib, Filmmaker at the Institute on Disability at the University of New Hampshire. In the film, Jino Medina, Brianna Hammon, Helena Stephenson and Peyton Goddard describe the restraint and [...]",
"Florida education centers that serve severely disabled students received ‘F’ grades from the state for 2012 The A-to-F school grading system is a measure of the individual public schools quality. In an article by, Lauren Roth and Leslie Postal, Orlando Sentinel – An ‘F’ grade school is required to offer students transfers to better-performing schools. [...]",
"On May 9, Congressman George Miller (D-CA), ranking member of the House Education & Workforce Committee and Congressman Gregg Harper (R-MS) introduced the Keeping All Students Safe Act, HR 1893, a bill to protect all students nationwide from restraint and seclusion. Please CALL your members of Congress and ask them to Cosponsor and Support the [...]",
"Autism Society of Greater Orlando Is hosting it’s 8th annual 5K walk in the Orange County Convention Center’s South Concourse Everyone is invited to come out and support ASGO and the Central Florida families affected by autism www.asgo.org",
"The Maher Law firm has focused on representation of our most vulnerable members of our community for over two decades. Let us help you, contact us today.",
"It is our desire to educate and empower parents, educators, doctors, therapists and community partners in the spirit of advocacy and commitment to those with Autism and their families. We consider it a privilege to represent families of special needs children."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Signs of Autism Abuse | Abuse Abuse and Neglect\n\nDisabilities Information Center\n\n\"Not being able to speak is not the same as not having anything to say.\"\n\n * What Is Autism\n * Autism Resources\n * Autism Information\n * Our Commitment\n * Signs Of Abuse\n * Maher Law Firm\n\n# Signs Of Abuse\n\n### Nearly one in five autistic children have been physically abused\n\n### About one in six have been sexually abused\n\n### Abuse, must always be reported\n\n“The first step in helping abused or neglected children is learning to\nrecognize the signs of child abuse and neglect.”\n\n“Kids with autism by definition have a problem communicating. It means you\ncan’t rely on a child’s report. You need to do a physical exam and look for\nevidence of abuse. It means you have to have a difficult and challenging\ndiscussion with the caregiver” said David Mandell, associate director for the\nChildren’s Hospital of Philadelphia’s autism center.\n\nBelow are signs that may signal abuse or neglect. The list was provided by\nChild Welfare Information Gateway:\n\nThe Child:\n\n * Shows sudden changes in behavior or school performance\n * Has not received help for physical or medical problems brought to the parents’ attention\n * Has learning problems (or difficulty concentrating) that cannot be attributed to specific physical or psychological causes\n * Is always watchful, as though preparing for something bad to happen\n * Lacks adult supervision\n * Is overly compliant, passive, or withdrawn\n * Comes to school or other activities early, stays late, and does not want to go home (if abuse/neglect at home)\n\nThe Parent:\n\n * Shows little concern for the child\n * Denies the existence of — or blames the child for — the child’s problems in school or at home\n * Asks teachers or other caregivers to use harsh physical discipline if the child misbehaves\n * Sees the child as entirely bad, worthless, or burdensome\n * Demands a level of physical or academic performance the child cannot achieve\n * Looks primarily to the child for care, attention, and satisfaction of emotional needs\n\nThe Parent and Child:\n\n * Rarely touch or look at each other\n * Consider their relationship entirely negative\n * State that they do not like each other\n\nSigns of Physical Abuse\n\nConsider the possibility of physical abuse when the child:\n\n * Has unexplained burns, bites, bruises, broken bones, or black eyes\n * Has fading bruises or other marks noticeable after an absence from school\n * Seems frightened of the parents and protests or cries when it is time to go home\n * Shrinks at the approach of adults\n * Reports injury by a parent or another adult caregiver\n\nConsider the possibility of physical abuse when the parent or other adult\ncaregiver:\n\n * Offers conflicting, unconvincing, or no explanation for the child’s injury\n * Describes the child as “evil,” or in some other very negative way\n * Uses harsh physical discipline with the child\n * Has a history of abuse as a child\n\nSigns of Neglect\n\nConsider the possibility of neglect when the child:\n\n * Is frequently absent from school\n * Begs or steals food or money\n * Lacks needed medical or dental care, immunizations, or glasses\n * Is consistently dirty and has severe body odor\n * Lacks sufficient clothing for the weather\n * Abuses alcohol or other drugs\n * States that there is no one at home to provide care\n\nConsider the possibility of neglect when the parent or other adult caregiver:\n\n * Appears to be indifferent to the child\n * Seems apathetic or depressed\n * Behaves irrationally or in a bizarre manner\n * Is abusing alcohol or other drugs\n\nSigns of Sexual Abuse\n\nConsider the possibility of sexual abuse when the child:\n\n * Has difficulty walking or sitting\n * Suddenly refuses to change for gym or to participate in physical activities\n * Reports nightmares or bed-wetting\n * Experiences a sudden change in appetite\n * Demonstrates bizarre, sophisticated, or unusual sexual knowledge or behavior\n * Becomes pregnant or contracts a venereal disease, particularly if under age 14\n * Runs away\n * Reports sexual abuse by a parent or another adult caregiver\n\nConsider the possibility of sexual abuse when the parent or other adult\ncaregiver:\n\n * Is unduly protective of the child or severely limits the child’s contact with other children, especially of the opposite sex\n * Is secretive and isolated\n * Is jealous or controlling with family members\n\nSigns of Emotional Maltreatment\n\nConsider the possibility of emotional maltreatment when the child:\n\n * Shows extremes in behavior, such as overly compliant or demanding behavior, extreme passivity, or aggression\n * Is either inappropriately adult (parenting other children, for example) or inappropriately infantile (frequently rocking or head-banging, for example)\n * Is delayed in physical or emotional development\n * Has attempted suicide\n * Reports a lack of attachment to the parent\n\nConsider the possibility of emotional maltreatment when the parent or other\nadult caregiver :\n\n * Constantly blames, belittles, or berates the child\n * Is unconcerned about the child and refuses to consider offers of help for the child’s problems\n * Overtly rejects the child\n\n## Join The Campaign To End Restraint & Seclusion Abuse In Schools\n\nStop Hurting Kids is the national campaign to end restraint and seclusion\nabuse in schools. Restraint and Seclusion: Hear Our Stories (working title) is\na new film by Dan Habib, Filmmaker at the Institute on Disability at the\nUniversity of New Hampshire. In the film, Jino Medina, Brianna Hammon, Helena\nStephenson and Peyton Goddard describe the restraint and [...]\n\n## Autism 5K Walk & Family Fun Day\n\nThanks to everyone that came out in support of ASGO and Central Florida\nfamilies affected by autism!\n\n## Special Needs Children Left Without Choices\n\nFlorida education centers that serve severely disabled students received ‘F’\ngrades from the state for 2012 The A-to-F school grading system is a measure\nof the individual public schools quality. In an article by, Lauren Roth and\nLeslie Postal, Orlando Sentinel – An ‘F’ grade school is required to offer\nstudents transfers to better-performing schools. [...]\n\n## Keeping All Students Safe Act (HR 1893)\n\nOn May 9, Congressman George Miller (D-CA), ranking member of the House\nEducation & Workforce Committee and Congressman Gregg Harper (R-MS) introduced\nthe Keeping All Students Safe Act, HR 1893, a bill to protect all students\nnationwide from restraint and seclusion. Please CALL your members of Congress\nand ask them to Cosponsor and Support the [...]\n\n## Autism 5K Walk & Family Fun Day\n\nAutism Society of Greater Orlando Is hosting it’s 8th annual 5K walk in the\nOrange County Convention Center’s South Concourse Everyone is invited to come\nout and support ASGO and the Central Florida families affected by autism\nwww.asgo.org\n\n#### Special Needs Guidance & Support\n\nThe Maher Law firm has focused on representation of our most vulnerable\nmembers of our community for over two decades. Let us help you, contact us\ntoday.\n\n#### Site Sponsored By The Maher Law Firm\n\n#### Our Commitment To You\n\nIt is our desire to educate and empower parents, educators, doctors,\ntherapists and community partners in the spirit of advocacy and commitment to\nthose with Autism and their families. We consider it a privilege to represent\nfamilies of special needs children.\n\nReturn to top of page\n\n© 2020 · Site Maintained & Updated by The Site Vamp LLC· Hosted by\nGarnetStreet.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://dsq-sds.org/article/view/1058/1228",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210930105544/https://dsq-sds.org/article/view/1058/1228",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Sexual Abuse of Children with Autism: Factors that Increase Risk and Interfere with Recognition of Abuse",
"passages": [
"Two main arguments are made with regard to children with autism and risk for sexual abuse. First, some children with autism may be targeted for abuse by sexual offenders who may view them as vulnerable children. Second, when children with autism are sexually abused, they may show this in ways that get ignored or misattributed to autism rather than to possible sexual abuse. Because of these two issues, there need to be reliable methods established for determining whether or not a child on the autism spectrum has been sexually abused, and these protocols need to be informed by the challenges encountered by individuals with autism, voiced by those along the spectrum as well as by researchers in the autism field.",
"Recent estimates from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention suggest that 1:150 children have autism or an Autism Spectrum Disorder (CDC, 2008). The rate at which autism is diagnosed has been steadily increasing in the past twenty years, with reported increases in autism ranging from three- to twenty-fold in that time (Waterhouse, 2008). Originally identified by Kanner (1943), autism has been characterized by challenges in communication, social ability, and behavior (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000), although there can be great variability in the extent to which difficulties are manifested. In addition to autism, there is a spectrum of disorders related to autism including Asperger's Disorder, Rett's Syndrome, and Childhood Disintegrative Disorder (APA, 2000). In total, these four disorders are referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), and approximately 560,000 individuals in the U.S. between the ages of 0 to 21 years meet criteria for one of the ASDs (CDC, 2008).",
"In the past few decades, there has also been a steady increase in the number of firsthand accounts written by self-advocates who self-identify as individuals on the autism spectrum (e.g., Grandin & Scariano, 1986; Mukhopadhyay, 2008; Newport & Newport, 2002; Prince-Hughes, 2002). These accounts show not only that these challenges are often present because the social world is designed for typical individuals, with few adaptations for those who are not typical, but also how difficulties with sensory processing and overwhelming anxiety have a significant impact on their experience. As is illustrated in these accounts, autism and ASDs are heterogeneous in presentation. Additionally, although not considered as part of the autism diagnosis, cognitive ability in individuals with autism can also vary greatly; some individuals with autism have mental retardation while others score in the average, above average, or superior range of intelligence (Edelson, 2006). The heterogeneity in symptom presentation and severity, the heterogeneity in cognitive abilities, and the fact that even individuals with superior intelligence may not be able to decode and/or engage in typical social interaction can result in considerable variability in the ability of individuals with autism to interact and communicate successfully with others.",
"Most typical children have social, communication, and cognitive skills that allow them to navigate the complexities of the social world with success. Despite these skills, there are some children who will be victims of unwanted and harmful social interactions such as child sexual abuse. Current estimates suggest that 1:3 girls and 1:10 boys will be sexually abused by the time they are 18 years old (Tang, Freyd, & Wang, 2007). Given the nature of sexual abuse and the hesitancy to disclose its occurrence (Alaggia, 2004), the rates of child sexual abuse are likely underreported (Tang et al., 2007). Furthermore, when sexual abuse does occur, the sexual offender is usually someone who is known and trusted by the child (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999).",
"Although there are no empirical data assessing the frequency with which children with autism specifically are sexually abused, there is information about those with developmental disabilities in general. Mansell, Sobsey, and Moskal (1998) note that the rates of sexual abuse for children with developmental disabilities are nearly two times greater than for typical children. Moreover, Mansell et al. suggest that the effects of sexual abuse in developmentally disabled individuals may be exacerbated by social isolation and alienation.",
"When there are concerns that a typical child may have been sexually abused, there are protocols for how to evaluate whether or not abuse has occurred. Children's Advocacy Centers (CACs) or Child Abuse Assessment Centers (CAACs) that offer medical examinations of children and forensic interviews to make a determination regarding sexual abuse are often utilized (Cronch, Viljoen, & Hansen, 2006; Walsh, Jones, & Cross, 2003). These determinations are based on medical evidence obtained, which is rare in cases of sexual abuse (Finkel & Dejong, 1996; Myers, 1998); a previous history provided by the child and his/her family; and statements the child makes during the evaluation. In order for a valid determination to be made regarding whether or not sexual abuse has occurred, the child has to be able to participate effectively in the entire evaluation. Some children with autism may have difficulty with the models currently used to assess whether sexual abuse has occurred because of the use of lengthy, one-time interviews and the need for sustained reciprocity and verbal exchanges (Cronch et al., 2006; Cross, Jones, Walsh, Simone, & Kolko, 2007). For these reasons, it is important to develop protocols for use with individuals with autism that are sensitive to the way in which individuals with autism most easily interact and communicate with others.",
"The goal of the present paper is to highlight the reasons why children and adolescents with autism may be vulnerable to sexual abuse and to raise awareness about the lack of adequate protocols for evaluating children and adolescents with autism when there are concerns of sexual abuse. For the purposes of this paper, the discussion will be limited to those with autism or Asperger syndrome only, not the other ASDs. In the current paper, two main points will be argued: (a) that children with autism are at risk for sexual abuse and may have challenges being understood if they make a disclosure of abuse should it occur; and (b) that when children with autism are sexually abused, they may show this in ways that get missed or misattributed to autism rather than to possible sexual abuse. Furthermore, when there are concerns about possible sexual victimization, there are challenges in evaluating individuals with autism due to the unique ways in which individuals with autism communicate, making the use of traditional strategies for assessing whether or not a child has been sexually abused inadequate. This issue will be briefly addressed in the conclusion of the paper.",
"Individuals with autism encounter behavioral, social, and communicative challenges (APA, 2000) largely because the social world is designed for typical individuals. Although not an issue for all individuals with autism, certain social-emotional and communication challenges, when present, may be interpreted by sexual offenders as vulnerabilities that they can exploit. The current section highlights the increased risk for sexual abuse that might be present for those children with autism who have the specific social-emotional and communication challenges discussed.",
"For example, interpreting the emotions of others may help a child identify safe from unsafe individuals. Although some self-advocates describe a keen ability to process and intuit others' emotions (Mukhopadhyay, 2008), other self-advocates (Prince-Hughes, 2002) describe their own significant challenges in this area. Research has also shown that emotional processing can be difficult for some individuals with autism. Begeer, Koot, Rieffe, Meerum Terwogt, and Stegge (2008) conducted a review of the literature related to the emotional competence in children with autism with regard to four areas required to be successful in social interactions: (a) expression of emotion; (b) perception of emotion; (c) responding to emotion; and (d) understanding emotion. Begeer et al. (2008) noted that laboratory studies of those with autism generally reported that those who have few symptoms of autism are able to express simple emotions and respond to others' emotions, whereas those who have many symptoms of autism are more likely to encounter difficulties in emotional processing. Begeer et al. also found that in natural settings, many individuals with autism may encounter challenges in identifying emotions and responding empathically to others.",
"It can be even more difficult for individuals with autism to understand the emotions of others when the emotions expressed are deceptive (as may be the case when interacting with a possible sexual offender). Dennis, Lockyer, and Lazenby (2000) found that high functioning children with autism were less able to identify facial expressions that depicted deceptive emotions and were less able to understand the reasons why someone would display a deceptive facial expression compared with age- and gender-matched control children. Offenders attempt to gain trust from potential victims and often do so by being deceptive. Therefore, they may display deceptive emotions that may not be recognized by some children with autism.",
"In addition to difficulty with emotional processing, children with autism may encounter communication challenges that may make them particularly desirable targets of sexual offenders because of the perception that they would be unable to disclose the abuse. Research indicates that up to 50% of children with autism are functionally nonverbal (APA, 2000). Although there are alternative and augmentative methods used by many children with autism to communicate effectively, the seeming inability of nonverbal children with autism to communicate may increase the likelihood that sexual offenders would target them for abuse.",
"Even verbal children with autism may have difficulty reporting abuse if they have certain communication difficulties. For example, Dahlgren and Dahlgren Sandberg (2008) examined referential communication in children with autism and ASDs. Referential communication requires a speaker to provide enough specific information to a listener so that the listener knows to what the speaker is referring. This skill is especially important in communicating information not already known by another party, as in the case of a sexual abuse disclosure. Dahlgren and Dahlgren Sandberg found that children with autism or ASDs had greater difficulty communicating relevant information about a referent and were less efficient referential communicators than typical children. Thus, some children with autism who attempt to disclose sexual abuse may not have the skills to effectively communicate what happened to them in a way that will be understood by others. Furthermore, Hale and Tager-Flusberg (2005) note that some children with autism have difficulties with the pragmatic use of language and in the ability to maintain social discourse with others. These difficulties are especially likely to be manifested in conversation, again increasing the likelihood that some children with autism may be unable to understand the nuances of reciprocal conversation needed to disclose sexual abuse should it occur.",
"Social-emotional and communication challenges are just part of the reason why some children with autism may be at risk for sexual abuse. Stevens (1997) studied the selection techniques predatory rapists used to target victims. He classified the selection characteristics into one of four broad categories: (a) \"easy prey\" (e.g., vulnerable victims such as being young and female); (b) victim attributes (e.g., sexual desirability); (c) situational characteristics (e.g., opportunity); and (d) circumstance or manipulation (e.g., the use of victim manipulation such as violence or intimidation prior to the sexual assault). Because children with autism may be seen as \"easy prey,\" may be easily accessible to offenders, and may be easily manipulated or intimidated because of social challenges related to autism (APA, 2000), they may be seen as particularly desirable targets of sexual abuse by offenders.",
"Moreover, sexual offenders who target children often have cognitive distortions that allow them to justify their offending and not identify the offending as \"wrong\" or \"harmful\" to the child (Burn & Brown, 2006). The offenders' cognitive distortions serve to justify their offending by minimizing or rationalizing the offending behavior (Burn & Brown, 2006). In the adult sexual assault literature, it has been shown that one cognitive strategy employed by sexual offenders to \"allow\" them to offend is the \"objectification\" of their victims, viewing them as objects rather than people (Russell, 1998). Some children with autism may exhibit certain repetitive or stereotyped behaviors that seem unusual to others (APA, 2000). Therefore, a sexual offender may find it much easier to objectify a child who engages in these behaviors than to objectify a typical child.",
"According to Cavanagh Johnson (1999), there are two main types of child sexual offenders. The first is the offender who \"grooms\" the child prior to offending. Grooming behaviors have the function of introducing the child to pleasant forms of physical contact and of establishing a positive relationship with the child over time to mold the child into a potential victim. By grooming the child, the offender is able to test whether or not the child will resist or disclose the abuse early in the offending process. A child who resists grooming efforts is typically discarded by the offender as a potential victim because he/she is perceived to be a risk to disclose the abuse. In this instance, the tactile defensiveness experienced by some children with autism (Grandin & Scariano, 1986) might work in the children's favor; however, children with autism who do not speak may not be perceived by offenders as carrying the same risk of disclosure as a typical child, and therefore, offenders may choose not to engage in grooming behaviors. The second type of child sexual offender is the \"opportunistic\" offender, who takes advantage of opportunities to offend vulnerable children (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999). Both the social-emotional and communication challenges previously discussed place children with autism at increased risk of sexual abuse by opportunistic offenders and may make children with autism particularly desirable — or even \"ideal\" — targets for opportunistic offenders.",
"Children with autism may also be at greater risk of being sexually abused than typical children because of the increased contact with opportunistic offenders who are service providers. Goldman (1994) cites evidence that over 50% of offenders of individuals with developmental disabilities had contact with their victims through some type of disability services with which they were involved. The specific nature of the offenders' contact with their victims included serving as paid service providers, as foster care providers, and as transportation providers. Because children with autism often require specialized services such as those cited by Goldman (1994), they may come into frequent contact with potential abusers. Moreover, although there are not data specific to autism, those with developmental disabilities who live in institutional settings may be at even greater risk for sexual abuse than those who reside with their nuclear family (Goldman, 1994). This is likely due to increased contact with opportunistic offenders in the institutional milieu.",
"Finally, regardless of offender type, children with ASDs may be at increased risk of being sexually abused compared with typical children because of the desire to be accepted socially despite the social challenges they often face. If a sexual offender presents him/herself as a \"friend,\" the child may see the relationship with the perpetrator as an opportunity to have the social relationship he/she desires. Just as is the case for typical children, a child with an ASD might become the victim of an offender who initiates sexually inappropriate behaviors in order to keep the \"friendship.\" Similarly, due to a lack of proper sex education, which is often not provided to children with autism due to an erroneous belief that children with autism are asexual (Irvine, 2005), a child with an ASD may not recognize that the offender's behaviors are, in fact, inappropriate. This risk is noted by Newport and Newport (2002) who state, \"the relative naiveté of autistic girls or their possible wish to trade sex for 'popularity' may initiate them far earlier [into sexual activity] but rarely in a healthy way\" (p. 34).",
"Given the increased risk of sexual abuse that children with autism may face, it is important to identify when sexual abuse has occurred. However, due to the constellation of symptoms associated with autism, children with autism who are sexually abused may not be identified as abuse victims. The next section details why behavioral signs of sexual abuse in children with autism may be missed or misattributed to the child's autism.",
"Children with autism sometimes display self-stimulatory behaviors, self- injurious behaviors, and stereotypic and repetitive behaviors (APA, 2004; Cunningham & Schreibman, 2008). Should a child with autism be sexually abused, the child's attempts to cope with or make sense out of that abuse may lead to an increase in the intensity and frequency of these behaviors or to the development of new behaviors that were not previously present.",
"Research suggests that children with autism who are nonverbal exhibit more behavioral difficulties than those who have verbal communication abilities (Dominick, Davis, Lanihart, Tager-Flusberg, & Folstein (2007). This may relate to frustration caused by the inability of others to understand what the child is trying to communicate. For example, Dominick et al. (2007) found that there was a significant inverse relationship between the display of self-injurious behaviors and expressive verbal language ability in a sample of children with autism. For children with autism who wish to disclose their abuse, behavioral reactions to sexual abuse may develop if others cannot understand their communication about the abuse, but these behaviors may be misinterpreted by others as merely a manifestation of autism. Therefore, the fact that the child was, or continues to be, sexually abused may be missed.",
"Some have suggested that the presence of sexualized behaviors is indicative of sexual abuse. For example, Bow, Quinnell, Zaroff, and Assemany (2002) note that the presence of sexualized behaviors occurs more frequently in sexually abused children than non-sexually abused children. However, researchers have also found that sexualized behaviors can occur in response to physical abuse, not just sexual abuse (Merrick, Litrownik, Everson, & Cox, 2008). Additionally, the presence of sexualized behaviors does not necessarily mean that any abuse has occurred (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999). Cavanagh Johnson (2002) discusses a continuum of sexual behaviors that children can display, including typical sexual behaviors; sexually-reactive behaviors; excessive, but mutual, peer sexual behaviors; and sexually abusive behaviors. The first category on the continuum is developmentally normative, and the other three categories can develop in reaction to traumatic events in general or to over-stimulating environmental experiences, not just in reaction to abuse (Cavanagh Johnson, 2002).",
"Historically, those with developmental disabilities were not believed to have sexual feelings (Irvine, 2005). Nario-Redmond (in press) conducted a study that examined empirically the cultural stereotypes individuals have of individuals who are and are not disabled. Part of her investigation sought to identify which characteristics of individuals with disabilities would be offered spontaneously by the participants, some of whom had disabilities and some of whom did not. Consistent with the historical views of individuals with disabilities, Nario-Redmond found that the three most commonly offered stereotypes of both men and women with disabilities were that they were dependent, incompetent, and asexual.",
"Nario-Redmond (in press) notes that there are challenges present for individuals who differ from the norm not because of any biologically-based disabilities they may manifest but because the environments and policies which they encounter can \"systematically exclude\" them from full participation in the world. Because of this exclusion and the stereotype that individuals with disabilities are asexual, individuals with autism may not be given opportunities for appropriate displays of, or education related to, sexual behaviors. Thus, they may manifest sexually inappropriate behaviors that others may misattribute as indicative of sexual abuse. Furthermore, children who are sexually abused do not always display sexualized or concerning behaviors at all (Kendall-Tackett, Meyer Williams, & Finkelhor, 1993). Therefore, the presence or absence of sexualized behaviors cannot be used as a marker for whether or not a child has been sexually abused.",
"Unfortunately, there is no research on the behavioral manifestations of sexual abuse in children with autism. In fact, a PsycInfo search attempting to obtain literature on the sexual abuse of children with autism revealed no empirical articles on this topic. Sexuality, in general, has been rarely discussed in the scholarly literature on autism as well; only four references were found when doing a combined search for sexuality and autism (see Gabriels & Van Bourgondien, 2007; Koller, 2000; Rhodes, 2006; Stokes & Kaur, 2005). There has been slightly more attention paid to sexuality in the non-scholarly literature but not much.",
"Jerry and Mary Newport, a married couple with autism/Asperger syndrome, have written a book that provides information and practical advice on sexuality given their experiences (Newport & Newport, 2002). The Newports provide pragmatic information on developing social and sexual relationships, how to address the first sexual feelings, and how parents should talk about sexuality with their children with ASD. They also have a chapter on rape, molestation, and abuse. The Newports are evidence that individuals with ASDs are sexual and can and do encounter multiple kinds of sexual abuse.",
"The scholarly literature on sexuality in individuals with autism that does exist focuses mainly on the perceptions and concerns of parents with regard to sexual education. In one of the few studies on sexuality in autism, Ruble and Dalrymple (1993) analyzed 100 surveys of parents with children with autism from 9 to 38 years of age, assessing the parents' (usually mothers') views of their children's sexual awareness, education, and behaviors. The survey results revealed that the more verbal the child, the more the parents reported that the child had knowledge of body parts and functions, understood the difference between public and private behaviors, and had received some form of sex education. It is possible that these results were obtained because parents of children with greater verbal abilities had talked with their children more about sexuality than did parents of children with less developed verbal skills. Ruble and Dalrymple also found that the more verbal the child, the more the parents reported that the child displayed inappropriate sexual behaviors, with 66% of the parents of verbal children with autism observing at least some inappropriate sexual behaviors in their children. As is the case with those with developmental disabilities in general (Irvine, 2005), this may be due to the lack of opportunity for appropriate sexual behaviors, possibly because of the stereotype that individuals with autism are asexual (Nario- Redmond, in press).",
"In Ruble and Dalyrmple's (1993) study, parents of children with autism were concerned about their child being taken advantage of sexually, experiencing unwanted pregnancy and STDs, having sexual behaviors misunderstood, and questioning whether sexual relations were even relevant for individuals with autism. However, most parents did not have concerns related to typical sexual development in their child, again possibly due to a reflection of the societal view that individuals with autism are asexual.",
"Sexualized behaviors may appear at various stages of sexual development for typical children (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999) and may seem more pronounced in children with autism because the ages at which children with autism reach various developmental stages may be delayed compared to typical children. For example, although it is fairly common for preschool children to explore and stimulate their own bodies, sometimes in public (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999), children and adolescents with autism may also engage in these behaviors although at an older age. The presence of these behaviors may then be misinterpreted as signs of sexual abuse, especially if parents maintain the belief that children with autism are asexual (see Ruble & Dalrymple, 1993). Conversely, there may be times when sexualized behaviors do indicate sexual abuse, but parents and professionals may instead conclude that the behaviors are just part of a delayed progression of typical sexual development. It is, therefore, easy to note why it may be difficult to determine if a child with autism has been sexually abused on the basis of observed behaviors.",
"In addition to the difficulty in determining whether or not a child with autism has been sexually abused based solely on behavior, there is also the potential for behavioral signs of sexual abuse to be misattributed as signs of autism. There is evidence in the psychiatric literature that when individuals have a mental illness, their behavior may be interpreted in light of their disorder (Rosenhan, 1973). Rosenhan (1973) conducted a classic study in which he sent \"pseudopatients\" into psychiatric facilities complaining of hearing existential voices saying \"empty,\" \"hollow,\" or \"thud.\" With the exception of masking the fact that the pseudopatients worked in the mental health field, all other personal information provided to the psychiatric facilities was accurate. All pseudopatients were deemed mentally ill (most diagnosed as having schizophrenia) and admitted to a psychiatric facility. However, once admitted, the pseudopatients no longer complained of hearing voices and, with the exception of note-taking to document the results of the study, did not act in any way different from how they typically acted.",
"Among other interesting results that Rosenhan (1973) noted was that the note- taking was assumed to be a manifestation of their schizophrenia. Rather than question a behavior such as note-taking in a psychiatric facility, the mental health professionals merely saw it as a symptom of the patient's disorder. Even the pseudopatients' personal histories were interpreted in a way that seemed to support their diagnoses. According to Rosenhan (1973), \"one tacit characteristic of psychiatric diagnosis is that it locates the sources of aberration within the individual and only rarely within the complex of stimuli that surrounds [the person]. Consequently, behaviors that are stimulated by the environment are commonly misattributed to the patient's disorder\" (p. 253).",
"In the field of autism, there have been many historical examples where environmental conditions led to assumptions about the abilities of individuals with autism. Perhaps the best example of this is the oft-reported belief that the majority of individuals with autism are mentally retarded despite a lack of evidence for these claims (Edelson, 2006). The assumption of mental retardation was often made when communication, behavioral, or attention challenges prevented examiners from obtaining valid estimates of intelligence. Researchers would attribute low test scores to the intellectual abilities of the children with autism rather than to the fact that the measures used to assess intelligence were not appropriate for the children or that the examiners did not account for the symptoms of autism when attempting to determine intelligence (Edelson, 2006). Similarly, it is quite probable that a child with autism who has been sexually abused and subsequently displays behaviors deemed concerning by others may have those behaviors misattributed to his/her autism.",
"There have been a number of individuals with autism who have been able to share their frustrations when their behaviors have been misattributed, misunderstood, or pathologized. Temple Grandin, an adult with autism, has written a number of books about what it is like to have autism. In her book, Emergence labeled autistic, she describes many challenging situations when she was a child and teased because of her autism. One example she recalls was a time when a girl in her junior high school called her a \"retard.\" Grandin relates how she became so angry that she hurled her history book at the girl and, in the process, hit the girl in the eye. Her principal, Mr. Harlow, expelled her from school following this incident. As she relays the situation, Temple notes, \"anger and frustration surged through me and I trembled, sick to my stomach. Mr. Harlow hadn't even asked to hear my side of it. He just assumed that since I was 'different' I was entirely to blame\" (Grandin & Scariano, 1986, p. 64). Just as Mr. Harlow attributed the negative interaction with the school girl to Temple's autism, there are many times when researchers, mental health professionals, teachers, and perhaps even parents attribute behaviors seen in the child to his/her autism rather than to a myriad of other factors that may account for these behaviors.",
"More recently, there have been self-advocates who have discussed the challenges they have faced when their behaviors have been misunderstood or pathologized by typical individuals. Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay has written a number of books detailing his experiences as someone with autism who is required to interact in the typical world. In his most recent book, How can I talk if my lips don't move? Inside my autistic mind (Mukhopadhyay, 2008), Tito describes his frustration at how his mother viewed autism as something to be cured, rather than as something to be accepted. Tito states, \"How could she [my mother] participate in a system that classified me as sick? Did Mother really think I was less of a person?\" (p. 176). Often, typical individuals will characterize the behaviors of individuals with autism as \"pathological\" or \"sick.\" Not only is this damaging to the individual, it may result in the misattribution of concerning behaviors to the \"sickness\" of autism rather than to an environmental cause for the behaviors, such as sexual abuse.",
"Finally, some individuals with autism may feel they need to adapt behaviors that are comforting to \"fit in\" with the typical world. For example, in her edited book, Aquamarine blue: Personal stories of college students with autism, Dawn Prince-Hughes shares the stories of many adults with autism and ASDs (Prince-Hughes, 2002). One person whose story she shares is Darius who describes his frustration with the fact that he must \"disguise\" self- stimulating behaviors because of the pressures by those in the typical world who do not understand the \"reassuring feeling\" such behaviors can provide. Darius describes an episode at school when he was 11, and he was bouncing with his back to the wall. His teacher told him not to bounce, and Darius states, \"I remember not understanding why I could not bounce, as it was such a reassuring feeling. I had already decided to stop publicly engaging in some of the more clearly autistic 'stimming' behaviors and only did them in my room. This was the last one to go. I had by that time learned to 'disguise' some of the 'stimming' and repetitive behavior\" (Prince-Hughes, 2008; p.13). Darius' story reflects the conflict between engaging in behaviors that help allay anxiety (as was the case with his \"bouncing\") and hiding those behaviors because others did not understand them. It is possible and, in fact, likely that a child with autism who is sexually abused may turn to behaviors that provide comfort such as \"stimming\" or self-soothing behaviors, the reasons for which may be misattributed to an increase in the severity of the child's autism rather than to the abuse. Moreover, the pressures to \"cure\" these behaviors may increase which may obfuscate the search for any environmental reasons for these behaviors.",
"There may also be misattributions with regard to the origins of offending behaviors sometimes seen by individuals on the autism spectrum. Most victims of child sexual abuse do not become sexual offenders; however, some offenders do have a history of child sexual abuse victimization (Burn & Brown, 2006; Coxe & Holmes, 2001; Glasser, Kolvin, Campbell, Glasser, Leitch, & Farrelly, 2001). This is especially true for male victims of child sexual abuse (Glasser et al., 2001). Coxe and Holmes (2001) found that male child sexual offenders were nearly twice as likely to offend a child under the age of 10 years old if they had a history of being sexually abused as a child compared to offenders who did not have a history of childhood victimization. Therefore, it is essential to identify those children who have been sexually abused so that they both can obtain treatment to help them heal from the abuse and not become offenders of young children themselves.",
"There is recent literature to suggest that some adults with high functioning autism or Asperger's Disorder engage in offending behavior, although the frequency with which this occurs has been the subject of debate (Allen, Evans, Hider, Hawkins, Peckett, & Morgan, 2008). Allen et al. studied a small group of adults with Asperger's Disorder and obtained data from informants about the sample's offending behaviors. Among other findings, the informants offered predisposing factors that they believed led to the offending, most of which were attributed to the Asperger's Disorder. The predisposing factors included such variables as social naiveté, lack of awareness of outcome, and misinterpretation of rules.",
"What is of interest in the Allen et al. (2008) study is the failure to note the possible role of sexual victimization as a predisposing factor for offending. Consistent with Rosenhan's (1973) assertion, the informants' attributions for the offending behaviors were congruent with the symptoms associated with Asperger's Disorder, and there was little attempt to consider other explanations for why the adults, all of whom were male, may have engaged in offending behaviors. Clearly, the majority of individuals with Asperger's Disorder do not engage in offending behavior. Therefore, it is logical to suspect that, at least some of the time, variables unrelated to Asperger's Disorder symptomatology account for offending when it occurs. Because of the history of child sexual abuse victimization in some adult offenders (Burn & Brown, 2006; Coxe & Holmes, 2001), it is reasonable to assume that this link might exist in some individuals with autism and Asperger's Disorder who offend. It is, therefore, vital that sexual abuse of children with Asperger's Disorder and autism be identified so that appropriate intervention can help children heal without developing offending behaviors.",
"The world of autism research and education has devoted little attention to sexuality in general and the possibility of sexual abuse in particular. The lack of research does not mean, however, that the issue does not exist. Due to the particular manifestations of ASDs, children on the spectrum are likely to be at greater risk for sexual abuse than other children. Because of this risk, it is incumbent upon researchers to identify strategies to prevent sexual abuse, to develop protocols to assess accurately if abuse has occurred, to educate people with ASDs about sexual health and abuse, to ensure children with autism are taught to use augmentative and alternative means of communication, and to develop methods to help children heal so that they do not develop offending behaviors themselves in response to abuse.",
"When sexual abuse is suspected in children with autism, there must be valid protocols established to assess whether or not it has occurred. There are many models used to assess typical children when there are concerns of sexual abuse. Cronch, Filjoen, and Hansen (2006) reviewed different techniques frequently used in forensic interviews to determine whether or not sexual abuse has occurred. Some of these include the use of cognitive interviews, anatomically detailed dolls, and structured interviews.",
"Unfortunately, these techniques may not work well for children with autism and ASDs. First, sexual abuse evaluations are often one-time experiences in which a child meets with a previously unknown person. Many children with autism prefer consistent routines and may have difficulty with new environments (Richler, Bishop, Kleinke, & Lord, 2007) and/or unfamiliar people. Temple Grandin describes difficulty with changes in routines and the anxiety new situations or people would cause her as a child with autism (Grandin & Scariano, 1986). Thus, the one-time nature of the evaluation may be problematic. Second, the standards of practice in forensic interviewing are based on the utilization of structured protocols with an emphasis on open- ended questions designed to elicit free narratives (Cronch et al., 2006). These protocols require a child to have sufficient verbal skills and the ability to engage in referential communication and conversational discourse which some children with autism may not be able to do (Dahlgren & Dahlgren Sandberg, 2008; Hale & Tager-Flusberg, 2005). Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay discusses the difficulty he has with facial perception and recognition. In fact, Tito describes how he creates stories of the sensory experiences he has when talking with others, sensory experiences often relating to vibrant colors because of the fact that he experiences synesthesia. Tito notes that \"without those stories, recognizing and recalling a person or a situation is very difficult\" (Mukhopadhyay, 2008; p. 109). The currently utilized protocols for sexual abuse assessment would not be reliable or valid for a person like Tito, given his way of recalling the \"stories\" of the people in his world. Therefore, the creation of new protocols that reliably enable individuals with autism to disclose sexual abuse is imperative. Firsthand accounts of people with ASDs, such as Temple Grandin, the Newports, Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay, and the adults whose stories appear in Dawn Prince-Hughes' book, some of whom have been sexually abused, must inform how these protocols are structured.",
"The ineffectiveness of current protocols may also be due in part to the fact that children with autism, like typical children, have short attention spans and have not encountered situations in the real world that mirror a forensic interview. An extended forensic evaluation model has been suggested by the National Children's Advocacy Center (Cronch et al., 2006) in which multiple interviews are used to address those with shorter attention spans and/or those who need to establish a rapport with their communication partners before meaningful and personal communication will occur. Although the impetus of the extended forensic evaluation model was the need to find a process that worked better for young children than those currently employed, it could be adapted for use with children with autism. Certainly, modifications to address the various challenges discussed in this paper would be necessary. Difficulty identifying faces and places (Mukhopadhyay, 2008), the tendency to shut down all communication if the interviewer is condescending (Mukhopadhyay, 2008; Prince-Hughes, 2002), and a significant lack of body awareness (Grandin & Scariano, 1986; Newport & Newport, 2002; Prince-Hughes, 2002), are additional challenges individuals on the autism spectrum often face, and these also must be recognized and incorporated in the establishment of new protocols. Moreover, firsthand accounts of, and feedback from, self-advocates who identify as being on the spectrum will help design the protocols most likely to enable reliable disclosure of sexual abuse by both speaking and non- speaking children with ASDs.",
"Without an acknowledgement that sexual abuse is a real risk for children with autism, there cannot be adequate measures taken to ensure the safety of these children, to help those who have been sexually abused heal from the abuse, and to prevent possible future victimization of other children. Angie, an adult with autism who scores in the \"very superior\" range on intelligence tests, recounts the aftereffects of psychological, physical, and sexual abuse as a child (Prince-Hughes, 2002). She states, \"I am frightened to be put into a situation where I have to explain anything to anyone.... Most of the time I just keep it to myself because I just make too many enemies when I say something.... I am not really interested in anything anymore (although I once had the remarkable ability to be interested in anything). In fact, I truly wish I had mental retardation because most people get what the hell that is and my life probably would have turned out better\" (Prince-Hughes, 2002; pp. 77-78). Angie is able to articulate both the frustration at not being understood because of her autism and the despair that abuse as a child has caused or at least contributed to. For individuals with autism like Angie who can articulate the effects of abuse and for those with autism who cannot, it is imperative that we as a community of researchers, educators, parents, and self-advocates find a way to increase the awareness of the risk of sexual abuse for those with autism and ASDs, to allow for a diversity of communication styles and voices to \"hear\" when abuse has happened, and most importantly, to prevent abuse from occurring in the first place.",
"The author wishes to express considerable thanks and appreciation to Ralph and Emily Savarese for comments on previous drafts of the current manuscript.",
"Burn, M. F. & Brown, S. (2006). A review of the cognitive distortions in child sex offenders: An examination of the motivations and mechanisms that underlie the justification for abuse. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 11, 225-236.",
"Cavanagh Johnson, T. (2002). Some considerations about sexual abuse and children with sexual behavior problems. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 3, 83-105.",
"Coxe, R., & Holmes, W. (2001). A study of the cycle of abuse among child molesters. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 10, 111-118.",
"Dennis, M., Lockyer, L., & Lazenby, A. L. (2000). How high-functioning children with autism understand real and deceptive emotion. Autism, 4, 370-381.",
"Dominick, K. C., Davis, N. O., Lainhart, J., Tager-Flusberg, H., & Folstein, S. (2007). Atypical behaviors in children with autism and children with a history of language impairment. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28, 145-162.",
"Edelson, M.G. (2005). A car goes in the garage like a can of peas goes in the refrigerator: Do deficits in real-world knowledge affect the assessment of intelligence in individuals with autism? Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20, 2-9.",
"Edelson, M.G. (2006). Are the majority of children with autism mentally retarded?: A systematic evaluation of the data. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 21, 66-83.",
"Goldman, R. L. (1994). Children and youth with intellectual disabilities: Targets for sexual abuse. International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education, 41, 89-102.",
"Hale, C. M., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2005). Social communication in children with autism: The relationship between theory of mind and discourse development. Autism, 9, 157-178.",
"Irvine, A. (2005). Issues in sexuality for individuals with developmental disabilities: Myths, misconceptions, and mistreatment. Exceptionality Education Canada, 15, 5-20.",
"Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Meyer Williams, L., & Finkelhor, D. (1993). Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 164-180.",
"Mansell, S., Sobsey, D., & Moskal, R. (1998). Clinical findings among sexually abused children with and without developmental disabilities. Mental Retardation, 36, 12-22.",
"Merrick, M.T., Litrownik, A.J., Everson, M.D., & Cox, C.E. (2008). Beyond sexual abuse: The impact of other maltreatment experiences on sexualized behaviors. Child Maltreatment, 13, 122-132.",
"Mukhopadhyay, T. R. (2008). How can I talk if my lips don't move? Inside my autistic mind. NY: Arcade Publishing, Inc.",
"Nario,-Redmond, M. R. (in press). Cultural stereotypes of disabled and nondisabled men and women: Consensus for global category representations and diagnostic domains. British Journal of Social Psychology.",
"Rhodes, P. (2006). Review of sex, sexuality, and the autism spectrum. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 27, 55-56.",
"Ruble, L. A., & Dalrymple, N. J. (1993). Social/sexual awareness of persons with autism: A parental perspective. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 22, 229-240.",
"Tang, S. S. S., Freyd, J. J., & Wang, M. (2007). What do we know about gender in the disclosure of child sexual abuse? Journal of Psychological Trauma, 6, 1-26.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Sexual Abuse of Children with Autism: Factors that Increase Risk and Interfere\nwith Recognition of Abuse | Edelson | Disability Studies Quarterly\n\nJournal Content Browse\n\n * By Issue\n * By Author\n * By Title\n * Other Journals\n\nOpen Journal Systems\n\nCurrent Issue\n\nSocial Media\n\nTweets by @DSQJournal\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Login\n * Register\n * Search\n * Current\n * Archives\n * Announcements\n * Submissions\n\nHome > Vol 30, No 1 (2010) > Edelson\n\n## Sexual Abuse of Children with Autism: Factors that Increase Risk and\nInterfere with Recognition of Abuse Meredyth Goldberg Edelson Willamette\nUniversity, Department of Psychology, 900 State Street, Salem, OR 97301\nE-mail: medelson@willamette.edu\n\n### Keywords:\n\nAutism, Autism Spectrum Disorders, sexual abuse\n\nAbstract\n\nTwo main arguments are made with regard to children with autism and risk for\nsexual abuse. First, some children with autism may be targeted for abuse by\nsexual offenders who may view them as vulnerable children. Second, when\nchildren with autism are sexually abused, they may show this in ways that get\nignored or misattributed to autism rather than to possible sexual abuse.\nBecause of these two issues, there need to be reliable methods established for\ndetermining whether or not a child on the autism spectrum has been sexually\nabused, and these protocols need to be informed by the challenges encountered\nby individuals with autism, voiced by those along the spectrum as well as by\nresearchers in the autism field.\n\nRecent estimates from the Centers for Disease Control (CDC) and Prevention\nsuggest that 1:150 children have autism or an Autism Spectrum Disorder (CDC,\n2008). The rate at which autism is diagnosed has been steadily increasing in\nthe past twenty years, with reported increases in autism ranging from three-\nto twenty-fold in that time (Waterhouse, 2008). Originally identified by\nKanner (1943), autism has been characterized by challenges in communication,\nsocial ability, and behavior (American Psychiatric Association [APA], 2000),\nalthough there can be great variability in the extent to which difficulties\nare manifested. In addition to autism, there is a spectrum of disorders\nrelated to autism including Asperger's Disorder, Rett's Syndrome, and\nChildhood Disintegrative Disorder (APA, 2000). In total, these four disorders\nare referred to as Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs), and approximately 560,000\nindividuals in the U.S. between the ages of 0 to 21 years meet criteria for\none of the ASDs (CDC, 2008).\n\nIn the past few decades, there has also been a steady increase in the number\nof firsthand accounts written by self-advocates who self-identify as\nindividuals on the autism spectrum (e.g., Grandin & Scariano, 1986;\nMukhopadhyay, 2008; Newport & Newport, 2002; Prince-Hughes, 2002). These\naccounts show not only that these challenges are often present because the\nsocial world is designed for typical individuals, with few adaptations for\nthose who are not typical, but also how difficulties with sensory processing\nand overwhelming anxiety have a significant impact on their experience. As is\nillustrated in these accounts, autism and ASDs are heterogeneous in\npresentation. Additionally, although not considered as part of the autism\ndiagnosis, cognitive ability in individuals with autism can also vary greatly;\nsome individuals with autism have mental retardation while others score in the\naverage, above average, or superior range of intelligence (Edelson, 2006). The\nheterogeneity in symptom presentation and severity, the heterogeneity in\ncognitive abilities, and the fact that even individuals with superior\nintelligence may not be able to decode and/or engage in typical social\ninteraction can result in considerable variability in the ability of\nindividuals with autism to interact and communicate successfully with others.\n\nMost typical children have social, communication, and cognitive skills that\nallow them to navigate the complexities of the social world with success.\nDespite these skills, there are some children who will be victims of unwanted\nand harmful social interactions such as child sexual abuse. Current estimates\nsuggest that 1:3 girls and 1:10 boys will be sexually abused by the time they\nare 18 years old (Tang, Freyd, & Wang, 2007). Given the nature of sexual abuse\nand the hesitancy to disclose its occurrence (Alaggia, 2004), the rates of\nchild sexual abuse are likely underreported (Tang et al., 2007). Furthermore,\nwhen sexual abuse does occur, the sexual offender is usually someone who is\nknown and trusted by the child (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999).\n\nAlthough there are no empirical data assessing the frequency with which\nchildren with autism specifically are sexually abused, there is information\nabout those with developmental disabilities in general. Mansell, Sobsey, and\nMoskal (1998) note that the rates of sexual abuse for children with\ndevelopmental disabilities are nearly two times greater than for typical\nchildren. Moreover, Mansell et al. suggest that the effects of sexual abuse in\ndevelopmentally disabled individuals may be exacerbated by social isolation\nand alienation.\n\nWhen there are concerns that a typical child may have been sexually abused,\nthere are protocols for how to evaluate whether or not abuse has occurred.\nChildren's Advocacy Centers (CACs) or Child Abuse Assessment Centers (CAACs)\nthat offer medical examinations of children and forensic interviews to make a\ndetermination regarding sexual abuse are often utilized (Cronch, Viljoen, &\nHansen, 2006; Walsh, Jones, & Cross, 2003). These determinations are based on\nmedical evidence obtained, which is rare in cases of sexual abuse (Finkel &\nDejong, 1996; Myers, 1998); a previous history provided by the child and\nhis/her family; and statements the child makes during the evaluation. In order\nfor a valid determination to be made regarding whether or not sexual abuse has\noccurred, the child has to be able to participate effectively in the entire\nevaluation. Some children with autism may have difficulty with the models\ncurrently used to assess whether sexual abuse has occurred because of the use\nof lengthy, one-time interviews and the need for sustained reciprocity and\nverbal exchanges (Cronch et al., 2006; Cross, Jones, Walsh, Simone, & Kolko,\n2007). For these reasons, it is important to develop protocols for use with\nindividuals with autism that are sensitive to the way in which individuals\nwith autism most easily interact and communicate with others.\n\nThe goal of the present paper is to highlight the reasons why children and\nadolescents with autism may be vulnerable to sexual abuse and to raise\nawareness about the lack of adequate protocols for evaluating children and\nadolescents with autism when there are concerns of sexual abuse. For the\npurposes of this paper, the discussion will be limited to those with autism or\nAsperger syndrome only, not the other ASDs. In the current paper, two main\npoints will be argued: (a) that children with autism are at risk for sexual\nabuse and may have challenges being understood if they make a disclosure of\nabuse should it occur; and (b) that when children with autism are sexually\nabused, they may show this in ways that get missed or misattributed to autism\nrather than to possible sexual abuse. Furthermore, when there are concerns\nabout possible sexual victimization, there are challenges in evaluating\nindividuals with autism due to the unique ways in which individuals with\nautism communicate, making the use of traditional strategies for assessing\nwhether or not a child has been sexually abused inadequate. This issue will be\nbriefly addressed in the conclusion of the paper.\n\n### Characteristics of Autism and Risk for Sexual Abuse\n\nIndividuals with autism encounter behavioral, social, and communicative\nchallenges (APA, 2000) largely because the social world is designed for\ntypical individuals. Although not an issue for all individuals with autism,\ncertain social-emotional and communication challenges, when present, may be\ninterpreted by sexual offenders as vulnerabilities that they can exploit. The\ncurrent section highlights the increased risk for sexual abuse that might be\npresent for those children with autism who have the specific social-emotional\nand communication challenges discussed.\n\nFor example, interpreting the emotions of others may help a child identify\nsafe from unsafe individuals. Although some self-advocates describe a keen\nability to process and intuit others' emotions (Mukhopadhyay, 2008), other\nself-advocates (Prince-Hughes, 2002) describe their own significant challenges\nin this area. Research has also shown that emotional processing can be\ndifficult for some individuals with autism. Begeer, Koot, Rieffe, Meerum\nTerwogt, and Stegge (2008) conducted a review of the literature related to the\nemotional competence in children with autism with regard to four areas\nrequired to be successful in social interactions: (a) expression of emotion;\n(b) perception of emotion; (c) responding to emotion; and (d) understanding\nemotion. Begeer et al. (2008) noted that laboratory studies of those with\nautism generally reported that those who have few symptoms of autism are able\nto express simple emotions and respond to others' emotions, whereas those who\nhave many symptoms of autism are more likely to encounter difficulties in\nemotional processing. Begeer et al. also found that in natural settings, many\nindividuals with autism may encounter challenges in identifying emotions and\nresponding empathically to others.\n\nIt can be even more difficult for individuals with autism to understand the\nemotions of others when the emotions expressed are deceptive (as may be the\ncase when interacting with a possible sexual offender). Dennis, Lockyer, and\nLazenby (2000) found that high functioning children with autism were less able\nto identify facial expressions that depicted deceptive emotions and were less\nable to understand the reasons why someone would display a deceptive facial\nexpression compared with age- and gender-matched control children. Offenders\nattempt to gain trust from potential victims and often do so by being\ndeceptive. Therefore, they may display deceptive emotions that may not be\nrecognized by some children with autism.\n\nIn addition to difficulty with emotional processing, children with autism may\nencounter communication challenges that may make them particularly desirable\ntargets of sexual offenders because of the perception that they would be\nunable to disclose the abuse. Research indicates that up to 50% of children\nwith autism are functionally nonverbal (APA, 2000). Although there are\nalternative and augmentative methods used by many children with autism to\ncommunicate effectively, the seeming inability of nonverbal children with\nautism to communicate may increase the likelihood that sexual offenders would\ntarget them for abuse.\n\nEven verbal children with autism may have difficulty reporting abuse if they\nhave certain communication difficulties. For example, Dahlgren and Dahlgren\nSandberg (2008) examined referential communication in children with autism and\nASDs. Referential communication requires a speaker to provide enough specific\ninformation to a listener so that the listener knows to what the speaker is\nreferring. This skill is especially important in communicating information not\nalready known by another party, as in the case of a sexual abuse disclosure.\nDahlgren and Dahlgren Sandberg found that children with autism or ASDs had\ngreater difficulty communicating relevant information about a referent and\nwere less efficient referential communicators than typical children. Thus,\nsome children with autism who attempt to disclose sexual abuse may not have\nthe skills to effectively communicate what happened to them in a way that will\nbe understood by others. Furthermore, Hale and Tager-Flusberg (2005) note that\nsome children with autism have difficulties with the pragmatic use of language\nand in the ability to maintain social discourse with others. These\ndifficulties are especially likely to be manifested in conversation, again\nincreasing the likelihood that some children with autism may be unable to\nunderstand the nuances of reciprocal conversation needed to disclose sexual\nabuse should it occur.\n\nSocial-emotional and communication challenges are just part of the reason why\nsome children with autism may be at risk for sexual abuse. Stevens (1997)\nstudied the selection techniques predatory rapists used to target victims. He\nclassified the selection characteristics into one of four broad categories:\n(a) \"easy prey\" (e.g., vulnerable victims such as being young and female); (b)\nvictim attributes (e.g., sexual desirability); (c) situational characteristics\n(e.g., opportunity); and (d) circumstance or manipulation (e.g., the use of\nvictim manipulation such as violence or intimidation prior to the sexual\nassault). Because children with autism may be seen as \"easy prey,\" may be\neasily accessible to offenders, and may be easily manipulated or intimidated\nbecause of social challenges related to autism (APA, 2000), they may be seen\nas particularly desirable targets of sexual abuse by offenders.\n\nMoreover, sexual offenders who target children often have cognitive\ndistortions that allow them to justify their offending and not identify the\noffending as \"wrong\" or \"harmful\" to the child (Burn & Brown, 2006). The\noffenders' cognitive distortions serve to justify their offending by\nminimizing or rationalizing the offending behavior (Burn & Brown, 2006). In\nthe adult sexual assault literature, it has been shown that one cognitive\nstrategy employed by sexual offenders to \"allow\" them to offend is the\n\"objectification\" of their victims, viewing them as objects rather than people\n(Russell, 1998). Some children with autism may exhibit certain repetitive or\nstereotyped behaviors that seem unusual to others (APA, 2000). Therefore, a\nsexual offender may find it much easier to objectify a child who engages in\nthese behaviors than to objectify a typical child.\n\nAccording to Cavanagh Johnson (1999), there are two main types of child sexual\noffenders. The first is the offender who \"grooms\" the child prior to\noffending. Grooming behaviors have the function of introducing the child to\npleasant forms of physical contact and of establishing a positive relationship\nwith the child over time to mold the child into a potential victim. By\ngrooming the child, the offender is able to test whether or not the child will\nresist or disclose the abuse early in the offending process. A child who\nresists grooming efforts is typically discarded by the offender as a potential\nvictim because he/she is perceived to be a risk to disclose the abuse. In this\ninstance, the tactile defensiveness experienced by some children with autism\n(Grandin & Scariano, 1986) might work in the children's favor; however,\nchildren with autism who do not speak may not be perceived by offenders as\ncarrying the same risk of disclosure as a typical child, and therefore,\noffenders may choose not to engage in grooming behaviors. The second type of\nchild sexual offender is the \"opportunistic\" offender, who takes advantage of\nopportunities to offend vulnerable children (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999). Both the\nsocial-emotional and communication challenges previously discussed place\nchildren with autism at increased risk of sexual abuse by opportunistic\noffenders and may make children with autism particularly desirable — or even\n\"ideal\" — targets for opportunistic offenders.\n\nChildren with autism may also be at greater risk of being sexually abused than\ntypical children because of the increased contact with opportunistic offenders\nwho are service providers. Goldman (1994) cites evidence that over 50% of\noffenders of individuals with developmental disabilities had contact with\ntheir victims through some type of disability services with which they were\ninvolved. The specific nature of the offenders' contact with their victims\nincluded serving as paid service providers, as foster care providers, and as\ntransportation providers. Because children with autism often require\nspecialized services such as those cited by Goldman (1994), they may come into\nfrequent contact with potential abusers. Moreover, although there are not data\nspecific to autism, those with developmental disabilities who live in\ninstitutional settings may be at even greater risk for sexual abuse than those\nwho reside with their nuclear family (Goldman, 1994). This is likely due to\nincreased contact with opportunistic offenders in the institutional milieu.\n\nFinally, regardless of offender type, children with ASDs may be at increased\nrisk of being sexually abused compared with typical children because of the\ndesire to be accepted socially despite the social challenges they often face.\nIf a sexual offender presents him/herself as a \"friend,\" the child may see the\nrelationship with the perpetrator as an opportunity to have the social\nrelationship he/she desires. Just as is the case for typical children, a child\nwith an ASD might become the victim of an offender who initiates sexually\ninappropriate behaviors in order to keep the \"friendship.\" Similarly, due to a\nlack of proper sex education, which is often not provided to children with\nautism due to an erroneous belief that children with autism are asexual\n(Irvine, 2005), a child with an ASD may not recognize that the offender's\nbehaviors are, in fact, inappropriate. This risk is noted by Newport and\nNewport (2002) who state, \"the relative naiveté of autistic girls or their\npossible wish to trade sex for 'popularity' may initiate them far earlier\n[into sexual activity] but rarely in a healthy way\" (p. 34).\n\nGiven the increased risk of sexual abuse that children with autism may face,\nit is important to identify when sexual abuse has occurred. However, due to\nthe constellation of symptoms associated with autism, children with autism who\nare sexually abused may not be identified as abuse victims. The next section\ndetails why behavioral signs of sexual abuse in children with autism may be\nmissed or misattributed to the child's autism.\n\n### Misattributed or Missed Behavioral Signs of Sexual Abuse in Children with\nAutism\n\nChildren with autism sometimes display self-stimulatory behaviors, self-\ninjurious behaviors, and stereotypic and repetitive behaviors (APA, 2004;\nCunningham & Schreibman, 2008). Should a child with autism be sexually abused,\nthe child's attempts to cope with or make sense out of that abuse may lead to\nan increase in the intensity and frequency of these behaviors or to the\ndevelopment of new behaviors that were not previously present.\n\nResearch suggests that children with autism who are nonverbal exhibit more\nbehavioral difficulties than those who have verbal communication abilities\n(Dominick, Davis, Lanihart, Tager-Flusberg, & Folstein (2007). This may relate\nto frustration caused by the inability of others to understand what the child\nis trying to communicate. For example, Dominick et al. (2007) found that there\nwas a significant inverse relationship between the display of self-injurious\nbehaviors and expressive verbal language ability in a sample of children with\nautism. For children with autism who wish to disclose their abuse, behavioral\nreactions to sexual abuse may develop if others cannot understand their\ncommunication about the abuse, but these behaviors may be misinterpreted by\nothers as merely a manifestation of autism. Therefore, the fact that the child\nwas, or continues to be, sexually abused may be missed.\n\nSome have suggested that the presence of sexualized behaviors is indicative of\nsexual abuse. For example, Bow, Quinnell, Zaroff, and Assemany (2002) note\nthat the presence of sexualized behaviors occurs more frequently in sexually\nabused children than non-sexually abused children. However, researchers have\nalso found that sexualized behaviors can occur in response to physical abuse,\nnot just sexual abuse (Merrick, Litrownik, Everson, & Cox, 2008).\nAdditionally, the presence of sexualized behaviors does not necessarily mean\nthat any abuse has occurred (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999). Cavanagh Johnson (2002)\ndiscusses a continuum of sexual behaviors that children can display, including\ntypical sexual behaviors; sexually-reactive behaviors; excessive, but mutual,\npeer sexual behaviors; and sexually abusive behaviors. The first category on\nthe continuum is developmentally normative, and the other three categories can\ndevelop in reaction to traumatic events in general or to over-stimulating\nenvironmental experiences, not just in reaction to abuse (Cavanagh Johnson,\n2002).\n\nHistorically, those with developmental disabilities were not believed to have\nsexual feelings (Irvine, 2005). Nario-Redmond (in press) conducted a study\nthat examined empirically the cultural stereotypes individuals have of\nindividuals who are and are not disabled. Part of her investigation sought to\nidentify which characteristics of individuals with disabilities would be\noffered spontaneously by the participants, some of whom had disabilities and\nsome of whom did not. Consistent with the historical views of individuals with\ndisabilities, Nario-Redmond found that the three most commonly offered\nstereotypes of both men and women with disabilities were that they were\ndependent, incompetent, and asexual.\n\nNario-Redmond (in press) notes that there are challenges present for\nindividuals who differ from the norm not because of any biologically-based\ndisabilities they may manifest but because the environments and policies which\nthey encounter can \"systematically exclude\" them from full participation in\nthe world. Because of this exclusion and the stereotype that individuals with\ndisabilities are asexual, individuals with autism may not be given\nopportunities for appropriate displays of, or education related to, sexual\nbehaviors. Thus, they may manifest sexually inappropriate behaviors that\nothers may misattribute as indicative of sexual abuse. Furthermore, children\nwho are sexually abused do not always display sexualized or concerning\nbehaviors at all (Kendall-Tackett, Meyer Williams, & Finkelhor, 1993).\nTherefore, the presence or absence of sexualized behaviors cannot be used as a\nmarker for whether or not a child has been sexually abused.\n\nUnfortunately, there is no research on the behavioral manifestations of sexual\nabuse in children with autism. In fact, a PsycInfo search attempting to obtain\nliterature on the sexual abuse of children with autism revealed no empirical\narticles on this topic. Sexuality, in general, has been rarely discussed in\nthe scholarly literature on autism as well; only four references were found\nwhen doing a combined search for sexuality and autism (see Gabriels & Van\nBourgondien, 2007; Koller, 2000; Rhodes, 2006; Stokes & Kaur, 2005). There has\nbeen slightly more attention paid to sexuality in the non-scholarly literature\nbut not much.\n\nJerry and Mary Newport, a married couple with autism/Asperger syndrome, have\nwritten a book that provides information and practical advice on sexuality\ngiven their experiences (Newport & Newport, 2002). The Newports provide\npragmatic information on developing social and sexual relationships, how to\naddress the first sexual feelings, and how parents should talk about sexuality\nwith their children with ASD. They also have a chapter on rape, molestation,\nand abuse. The Newports are evidence that individuals with ASDs are sexual and\ncan and do encounter multiple kinds of sexual abuse.\n\nThe scholarly literature on sexuality in individuals with autism that does\nexist focuses mainly on the perceptions and concerns of parents with regard to\nsexual education. In one of the few studies on sexuality in autism, Ruble and\nDalrymple (1993) analyzed 100 surveys of parents with children with autism\nfrom 9 to 38 years of age, assessing the parents' (usually mothers') views of\ntheir children's sexual awareness, education, and behaviors. The survey\nresults revealed that the more verbal the child, the more the parents reported\nthat the child had knowledge of body parts and functions, understood the\ndifference between public and private behaviors, and had received some form of\nsex education. It is possible that these results were obtained because parents\nof children with greater verbal abilities had talked with their children more\nabout sexuality than did parents of children with less developed verbal\nskills. Ruble and Dalrymple also found that the more verbal the child, the\nmore the parents reported that the child displayed inappropriate sexual\nbehaviors, with 66% of the parents of verbal children with autism observing at\nleast some inappropriate sexual behaviors in their children. As is the case\nwith those with developmental disabilities in general (Irvine, 2005), this may\nbe due to the lack of opportunity for appropriate sexual behaviors, possibly\nbecause of the stereotype that individuals with autism are asexual (Nario-\nRedmond, in press).\n\nIn Ruble and Dalyrmple's (1993) study, parents of children with autism were\nconcerned about their child being taken advantage of sexually, experiencing\nunwanted pregnancy and STDs, having sexual behaviors misunderstood, and\nquestioning whether sexual relations were even relevant for individuals with\nautism. However, most parents did not have concerns related to typical sexual\ndevelopment in their child, again possibly due to a reflection of the societal\nview that individuals with autism are asexual.\n\nSexualized behaviors may appear at various stages of sexual development for\ntypical children (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999) and may seem more pronounced in\nchildren with autism because the ages at which children with autism reach\nvarious developmental stages may be delayed compared to typical children. For\nexample, although it is fairly common for preschool children to explore and\nstimulate their own bodies, sometimes in public (Cavanagh Johnson, 1999),\nchildren and adolescents with autism may also engage in these behaviors\nalthough at an older age. The presence of these behaviors may then be\nmisinterpreted as signs of sexual abuse, especially if parents maintain the\nbelief that children with autism are asexual (see Ruble & Dalrymple, 1993).\nConversely, there may be times when sexualized behaviors do indicate sexual\nabuse, but parents and professionals may instead conclude that the behaviors\nare just part of a delayed progression of typical sexual development. It is,\ntherefore, easy to note why it may be difficult to determine if a child with\nautism has been sexually abused on the basis of observed behaviors.\n\nIn addition to the difficulty in determining whether or not a child with\nautism has been sexually abused based solely on behavior, there is also the\npotential for behavioral signs of sexual abuse to be misattributed as signs of\nautism. There is evidence in the psychiatric literature that when individuals\nhave a mental illness, their behavior may be interpreted in light of their\ndisorder (Rosenhan, 1973). Rosenhan (1973) conducted a classic study in which\nhe sent \"pseudopatients\" into psychiatric facilities complaining of hearing\nexistential voices saying \"empty,\" \"hollow,\" or \"thud.\" With the exception of\nmasking the fact that the pseudopatients worked in the mental health field,\nall other personal information provided to the psychiatric facilities was\naccurate. All pseudopatients were deemed mentally ill (most diagnosed as\nhaving schizophrenia) and admitted to a psychiatric facility. However, once\nadmitted, the pseudopatients no longer complained of hearing voices and, with\nthe exception of note-taking to document the results of the study, did not act\nin any way different from how they typically acted.\n\nAmong other interesting results that Rosenhan (1973) noted was that the note-\ntaking was assumed to be a manifestation of their schizophrenia. Rather than\nquestion a behavior such as note-taking in a psychiatric facility, the mental\nhealth professionals merely saw it as a symptom of the patient's disorder.\nEven the pseudopatients' personal histories were interpreted in a way that\nseemed to support their diagnoses. According to Rosenhan (1973), \"one tacit\ncharacteristic of psychiatric diagnosis is that it locates the sources of\naberration within the individual and only rarely within the complex of stimuli\nthat surrounds [the person]. Consequently, behaviors that are stimulated by\nthe environment are commonly misattributed to the patient's disorder\" (p.\n253).\n\nIn the field of autism, there have been many historical examples where\nenvironmental conditions led to assumptions about the abilities of individuals\nwith autism. Perhaps the best example of this is the oft-reported belief that\nthe majority of individuals with autism are mentally retarded despite a lack\nof evidence for these claims (Edelson, 2006). The assumption of mental\nretardation was often made when communication, behavioral, or attention\nchallenges prevented examiners from obtaining valid estimates of intelligence.\nResearchers would attribute low test scores to the intellectual abilities of\nthe children with autism rather than to the fact that the measures used to\nassess intelligence were not appropriate for the children or that the\nexaminers did not account for the symptoms of autism when attempting to\ndetermine intelligence (Edelson, 2006). Similarly, it is quite probable that a\nchild with autism who has been sexually abused and subsequently displays\nbehaviors deemed concerning by others may have those behaviors misattributed\nto his/her autism.\n\nThere have been a number of individuals with autism who have been able to\nshare their frustrations when their behaviors have been misattributed,\nmisunderstood, or pathologized. Temple Grandin, an adult with autism, has\nwritten a number of books about what it is like to have autism. In her book,\nEmergence labeled autistic, she describes many challenging situations when she\nwas a child and teased because of her autism. One example she recalls was a\ntime when a girl in her junior high school called her a \"retard.\" Grandin\nrelates how she became so angry that she hurled her history book at the girl\nand, in the process, hit the girl in the eye. Her principal, Mr. Harlow,\nexpelled her from school following this incident. As she relays the situation,\nTemple notes, \"anger and frustration surged through me and I trembled, sick to\nmy stomach. Mr. Harlow hadn't even asked to hear my side of it. He just\nassumed that since I was 'different' I was entirely to blame\" (Grandin &\nScariano, 1986, p. 64). Just as Mr. Harlow attributed the negative interaction\nwith the school girl to Temple's autism, there are many times when\nresearchers, mental health professionals, teachers, and perhaps even parents\nattribute behaviors seen in the child to his/her autism rather than to a\nmyriad of other factors that may account for these behaviors.\n\nMore recently, there have been self-advocates who have discussed the\nchallenges they have faced when their behaviors have been misunderstood or\npathologized by typical individuals. Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay has written a\nnumber of books detailing his experiences as someone with autism who is\nrequired to interact in the typical world. In his most recent book, How can I\ntalk if my lips don't move? Inside my autistic mind (Mukhopadhyay, 2008), Tito\ndescribes his frustration at how his mother viewed autism as something to be\ncured, rather than as something to be accepted. Tito states, \"How could she\n[my mother] participate in a system that classified me as sick? Did Mother\nreally think I was less of a person?\" (p. 176). Often, typical individuals\nwill characterize the behaviors of individuals with autism as \"pathological\"\nor \"sick.\" Not only is this damaging to the individual, it may result in the\nmisattribution of concerning behaviors to the \"sickness\" of autism rather than\nto an environmental cause for the behaviors, such as sexual abuse.\n\nFinally, some individuals with autism may feel they need to adapt behaviors\nthat are comforting to \"fit in\" with the typical world. For example, in her\nedited book, Aquamarine blue: Personal stories of college students with\nautism, Dawn Prince-Hughes shares the stories of many adults with autism and\nASDs (Prince-Hughes, 2002). One person whose story she shares is Darius who\ndescribes his frustration with the fact that he must \"disguise\" self-\nstimulating behaviors because of the pressures by those in the typical world\nwho do not understand the \"reassuring feeling\" such behaviors can provide.\nDarius describes an episode at school when he was 11, and he was bouncing with\nhis back to the wall. His teacher told him not to bounce, and Darius states,\n\"I remember not understanding why I could not bounce, as it was such a\nreassuring feeling. I had already decided to stop publicly engaging in some of\nthe more clearly autistic 'stimming' behaviors and only did them in my room.\nThis was the last one to go. I had by that time learned to 'disguise' some of\nthe 'stimming' and repetitive behavior\" (Prince-Hughes, 2008; p.13). Darius'\nstory reflects the conflict between engaging in behaviors that help allay\nanxiety (as was the case with his \"bouncing\") and hiding those behaviors\nbecause others did not understand them. It is possible and, in fact, likely\nthat a child with autism who is sexually abused may turn to behaviors that\nprovide comfort such as \"stimming\" or self-soothing behaviors, the reasons for\nwhich may be misattributed to an increase in the severity of the child's\nautism rather than to the abuse. Moreover, the pressures to \"cure\" these\nbehaviors may increase which may obfuscate the search for any environmental\nreasons for these behaviors.\n\nThere may also be misattributions with regard to the origins of offending\nbehaviors sometimes seen by individuals on the autism spectrum. Most victims\nof child sexual abuse do not become sexual offenders; however, some offenders\ndo have a history of child sexual abuse victimization (Burn & Brown, 2006;\nCoxe & Holmes, 2001; Glasser, Kolvin, Campbell, Glasser, Leitch, & Farrelly,\n2001). This is especially true for male victims of child sexual abuse (Glasser\net al., 2001). Coxe and Holmes (2001) found that male child sexual offenders\nwere nearly twice as likely to offend a child under the age of 10 years old if\nthey had a history of being sexually abused as a child compared to offenders\nwho did not have a history of childhood victimization. Therefore, it is\nessential to identify those children who have been sexually abused so that\nthey both can obtain treatment to help them heal from the abuse and not become\noffenders of young children themselves.\n\nThere is recent literature to suggest that some adults with high functioning\nautism or Asperger's Disorder engage in offending behavior, although the\nfrequency with which this occurs has been the subject of debate (Allen, Evans,\nHider, Hawkins, Peckett, & Morgan, 2008). Allen et al. studied a small group\nof adults with Asperger's Disorder and obtained data from informants about the\nsample's offending behaviors. Among other findings, the informants offered\npredisposing factors that they believed led to the offending, most of which\nwere attributed to the Asperger's Disorder. The predisposing factors included\nsuch variables as social naiveté, lack of awareness of outcome, and\nmisinterpretation of rules.\n\nWhat is of interest in the Allen et al. (2008) study is the failure to note\nthe possible role of sexual victimization as a predisposing factor for\noffending. Consistent with Rosenhan's (1973) assertion, the informants'\nattributions for the offending behaviors were congruent with the symptoms\nassociated with Asperger's Disorder, and there was little attempt to consider\nother explanations for why the adults, all of whom were male, may have engaged\nin offending behaviors. Clearly, the majority of individuals with Asperger's\nDisorder do not engage in offending behavior. Therefore, it is logical to\nsuspect that, at least some of the time, variables unrelated to Asperger's\nDisorder symptomatology account for offending when it occurs. Because of the\nhistory of child sexual abuse victimization in some adult offenders (Burn &\nBrown, 2006; Coxe & Holmes, 2001), it is reasonable to assume that this link\nmight exist in some individuals with autism and Asperger's Disorder who\noffend. It is, therefore, vital that sexual abuse of children with Asperger's\nDisorder and autism be identified so that appropriate intervention can help\nchildren heal without developing offending behaviors.\n\n### Conclusions and Implications\n\nThe world of autism research and education has devoted little attention to\nsexuality in general and the possibility of sexual abuse in particular. The\nlack of research does not mean, however, that the issue does not exist. Due to\nthe particular manifestations of ASDs, children on the spectrum are likely to\nbe at greater risk for sexual abuse than other children. Because of this risk,\nit is incumbent upon researchers to identify strategies to prevent sexual\nabuse, to develop protocols to assess accurately if abuse has occurred, to\neducate people with ASDs about sexual health and abuse, to ensure children\nwith autism are taught to use augmentative and alternative means of\ncommunication, and to develop methods to help children heal so that they do\nnot develop offending behaviors themselves in response to abuse.\n\nWhen sexual abuse is suspected in children with autism, there must be valid\nprotocols established to assess whether or not it has occurred. There are many\nmodels used to assess typical children when there are concerns of sexual\nabuse. Cronch, Filjoen, and Hansen (2006) reviewed different techniques\nfrequently used in forensic interviews to determine whether or not sexual\nabuse has occurred. Some of these include the use of cognitive interviews,\nanatomically detailed dolls, and structured interviews.\n\nUnfortunately, these techniques may not work well for children with autism and\nASDs. First, sexual abuse evaluations are often one-time experiences in which\na child meets with a previously unknown person. Many children with autism\nprefer consistent routines and may have difficulty with new environments\n(Richler, Bishop, Kleinke, & Lord, 2007) and/or unfamiliar people. Temple\nGrandin describes difficulty with changes in routines and the anxiety new\nsituations or people would cause her as a child with autism (Grandin &\nScariano, 1986). Thus, the one-time nature of the evaluation may be\nproblematic. Second, the standards of practice in forensic interviewing are\nbased on the utilization of structured protocols with an emphasis on open-\nended questions designed to elicit free narratives (Cronch et al., 2006).\nThese protocols require a child to have sufficient verbal skills and the\nability to engage in referential communication and conversational discourse\nwhich some children with autism may not be able to do (Dahlgren & Dahlgren\nSandberg, 2008; Hale & Tager-Flusberg, 2005). Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay\ndiscusses the difficulty he has with facial perception and recognition. In\nfact, Tito describes how he creates stories of the sensory experiences he has\nwhen talking with others, sensory experiences often relating to vibrant colors\nbecause of the fact that he experiences synesthesia. Tito notes that \"without\nthose stories, recognizing and recalling a person or a situation is very\ndifficult\" (Mukhopadhyay, 2008; p. 109). The currently utilized protocols for\nsexual abuse assessment would not be reliable or valid for a person like Tito,\ngiven his way of recalling the \"stories\" of the people in his world.\nTherefore, the creation of new protocols that reliably enable individuals with\nautism to disclose sexual abuse is imperative. Firsthand accounts of people\nwith ASDs, such as Temple Grandin, the Newports, Tito Rajarshi Mukhopadhyay,\nand the adults whose stories appear in Dawn Prince-Hughes' book, some of whom\nhave been sexually abused, must inform how these protocols are structured.\n\nThe ineffectiveness of current protocols may also be due in part to the fact\nthat children with autism, like typical children, have short attention spans\nand have not encountered situations in the real world that mirror a forensic\ninterview. An extended forensic evaluation model has been suggested by the\nNational Children's Advocacy Center (Cronch et al., 2006) in which multiple\ninterviews are used to address those with shorter attention spans and/or those\nwho need to establish a rapport with their communication partners before\nmeaningful and personal communication will occur. Although the impetus of the\nextended forensic evaluation model was the need to find a process that worked\nbetter for young children than those currently employed, it could be adapted\nfor use with children with autism. Certainly, modifications to address the\nvarious challenges discussed in this paper would be necessary. Difficulty\nidentifying faces and places (Mukhopadhyay, 2008), the tendency to shut down\nall communication if the interviewer is condescending (Mukhopadhyay, 2008;\nPrince-Hughes, 2002), and a significant lack of body awareness (Grandin &\nScariano, 1986; Newport & Newport, 2002; Prince-Hughes, 2002), are additional\nchallenges individuals on the autism spectrum often face, and these also must\nbe recognized and incorporated in the establishment of new protocols.\nMoreover, firsthand accounts of, and feedback from, self-advocates who\nidentify as being on the spectrum will help design the protocols most likely\nto enable reliable disclosure of sexual abuse by both speaking and non-\nspeaking children with ASDs.\n\nWithout an acknowledgement that sexual abuse is a real risk for children with\nautism, there cannot be adequate measures taken to ensure the safety of these\nchildren, to help those who have been sexually abused heal from the abuse, and\nto prevent possible future victimization of other children. Angie, an adult\nwith autism who scores in the \"very superior\" range on intelligence tests,\nrecounts the aftereffects of psychological, physical, and sexual abuse as a\nchild (Prince-Hughes, 2002). She states, \"I am frightened to be put into a\nsituation where I have to explain anything to anyone.... Most of the time I\njust keep it to myself because I just make too many enemies when I say\nsomething.... I am not really interested in anything anymore (although I once\nhad the remarkable ability to be interested in anything). In fact, I truly\nwish I had mental retardation because most people get what the hell that is\nand my life probably would have turned out better\" (Prince-Hughes, 2002; pp.\n77-78). Angie is able to articulate both the frustration at not being\nunderstood because of her autism and the despair that abuse as a child has\ncaused or at least contributed to. For individuals with autism like Angie who\ncan articulate the effects of abuse and for those with autism who cannot, it\nis imperative that we as a community of researchers, educators, parents, and\nself-advocates find a way to increase the awareness of the risk of sexual\nabuse for those with autism and ASDs, to allow for a diversity of\ncommunication styles and voices to \"hear\" when abuse has happened, and most\nimportantly, to prevent abuse from occurring in the first place.\n\nThe author wishes to express considerable thanks and appreciation to Ralph and\nEmily Savarese for comments on previous drafts of the current manuscript.\n\n### Works Cited\n\n * Allen, D., Evans, C. Hider, A., Hawkins, S., Peckett, H., & Morgan, H. (2008). Offending behavior in adults with Asperger Syndrome. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 38, 748-758.\n * American Psychiatric Association (2000). Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, 4th edition, text revised. Washington, DC: Author.\n * Beeger, S., Koot, H. M., Rieffe, C., Meerum Terwogt, M., & Stegge, H. (2008). Emotional Competence in children with autism: Diagnostic criteria and empirical evidence. Developmental Review, 28, 342-369.\n * Bow, J. N., Quinnell, F. A., Zaroff, M., & Assemany, A. (2002). Assessment of sexual abuse allegations in child custody cases. Professional Psychology: Research and Practice, 33, 566-575.\n * Burn, M. F. & Brown, S. (2006). A review of the cognitive distortions in child sex offenders: An examination of the motivations and mechanisms that underlie the justification for abuse. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 11, 225-236.\n * Cavanagh Johnson, T. (2002). Some considerations about sexual abuse and children with sexual behavior problems. Journal of Trauma and Dissociation, 3, 83-105.\n * Cavanagh Johnson, T. (1999). Understanding your child's sexual behavior: What's natural and healthy. Oakland, CA: New Harbinger Publications, Inc.\n * Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2008). Autism information center. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbddd/autism/faq_prevalence.htm#whatisprevalence.\n * Coxe, R., & Holmes, W. (2001). A study of the cycle of abuse among child molesters. Journal of Child Sexual Abuse, 10, 111-118.\n * Cronch, L. E., Viljoen, J. L., & Hansen, D. J. (2006). Forensic interviewing in child sexual abuse cases: Current techniques and future directions. Aggression and Violent Behavior, 11, 195-207.\n * Cross, T. P., Jones, L. M., Walsh, W. A., Simone, M., & Kolko, D. (2007). Child forensic interviewing in Children's Advocacy Centers: Empirical data on a practice model. Child Abuse & Neglect, 31, 1031-1052.\n * Cunningham, A. B., & Schreibman, L. (20008). Stereotypy in autism: The importance of function. Research in Autism Spectrum Disorders, 2, 469-479.\n * Dahlgren, S., & Dahlgren Sandberg, A. (2008). Referential communication in children with autism spectrum disorder. Autism, 12, 335-348.\n * Dennis, M., Lockyer, L., & Lazenby, A. L. (2000). How high-functioning children with autism understand real and deceptive emotion. Autism, 4, 370-381.\n * Dominick, K. C., Davis, N. O., Lainhart, J., Tager-Flusberg, H., & Folstein, S. (2007). Atypical behaviors in children with autism and children with a history of language impairment. Research in Developmental Disabilities, 28, 145-162.\n * Edelson, M.G. (2005). A car goes in the garage like a can of peas goes in the refrigerator: Do deficits in real-world knowledge affect the assessment of intelligence in individuals with autism? Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 20, 2-9.\n * Edelson, M.G. (2006). Are the majority of children with autism mentally retarded?: A systematic evaluation of the data. Focus on Autism and Other Developmental Disabilities, 21, 66-83.\n * Finkel, M.A., & DeJong, A. R. (1996). Medical findings in child sexual abuse. In R. M. Reece (Ed.), Child abuse: Medical diagnosis and management (pp.185-247). Baltimore: Williams & Wilkins.\n * Gabriels, R. L., & Van Bourgondien, M. E. (2007). Sexuality and autism: Individual, family, and community perspectives and interventions. In R. L. Gabriels & D. E. Hill (Eds.), Growing up with autism: Working with school-age children and adolescents (pp. 58-72). NY: Guilford Press.\n * Glasser, M., Kolvin, I., Campbell, D., Glasser, A., Leitch, I., & Farrelly, S. (2001). Cycle of child sexual abuse: Links between being a victim and becoming a perpetrator. British Journal of Psychiatry, 179, 482-494.\n * Goldman, R. L. (1994). Children and youth with intellectual disabilities: Targets for sexual abuse. International Journal of Disability, Development, and Education, 41, 89-102.\n * Grandin, T. & Scariano, M. M. (1986). Emergence labeled autistic. Novato, CA: Arena Press.\n * Hale, C. M., & Tager-Flusberg, H. (2005). Social communication in children with autism: The relationship between theory of mind and discourse development. Autism, 9, 157-178.\n * Irvine, A. (2005). Issues in sexuality for individuals with developmental disabilities: Myths, misconceptions, and mistreatment. Exceptionality Education Canada, 15, 5-20.\n * Kanner, L. (1943). Autistic disturbances of affective content. Nervous, 2, 217-250.\n * Kendall-Tackett, K. A., Meyer Williams, L., & Finkelhor, D. (1993). Impact of sexual abuse on children: A review and synthesis of recent empirical studies. Psychological Bulletin, 113, 164-180.\n * Koller, R. A. (2000). Sexuality and adolescents with autism. Sexuality and Disability, 18, 125-135.\n * Mansell, S., Sobsey, D., & Moskal, R. (1998). Clinical findings among sexually abused children with and without developmental disabilities. Mental Retardation, 36, 12-22.\n * Merrick, M.T., Litrownik, A.J., Everson, M.D., & Cox, C.E. (2008). Beyond sexual abuse: The impact of other maltreatment experiences on sexualized behaviors. Child Maltreatment, 13, 122-132.\n * Mukhopadhyay, T. R. (2008). How can I talk if my lips don't move? Inside my autistic mind. NY: Arcade Publishing, Inc.\n * Myers, J. E. B. (1998). Legal issues in child abuse and neglect practice (2nd ed.). Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage.\n * Nario,-Redmond, M. R. (in press). Cultural stereotypes of disabled and nondisabled men and women: Consensus for global category representations and diagnostic domains. British Journal of Social Psychology.\n * Newport, J. & Newport, M. (2002). Autism-Asperger's and sexuality: Puberty and beyond. Arlington, TX: Future Horizons.\n * Prince-Hughes, D. (Ed.) (2002). Aquamarine blue: Personal stories of college students with autism. Athens, OH: Swallow Press/Ohio University Press.\n * Rhodes, P. (2006). Review of sex, sexuality, and the autism spectrum. Australian and New Zealand Journal of Family Therapy, 27, 55-56.\n * Richler, J., Bishop, S. L., Kleinke, J. R., & Lord, C. (2007). Restricted and repetitive behaviors in young children with autism spectrum disorders. Journal of Autism and Developmental Disorders, 37, 73-85.\n * Rosenhan, D. L. (1973). On being sane in insane places. Science, 179, 250-258.\n * Ruble, L. A., & Dalrymple, N. J. (1993). Social/sexual awareness of persons with autism: A parental perspective. Archives of Sexual Behavior, 22, 229-240.\n * Russell, D. E. H. (1998). Dangerous relationships: Pornography, misogyny, and rape. Thousand Oaks, CA: Sage Publications, Inc.\n * Stevens, D. J. (1997). Predatory rapists and victim selection techniques. Social Science Journal, 31, 421-433.\n * Stokes, M. A., &Kaur, A. (2005). High-functioning autism and sexuality: A parental perspective. Autism, 9, 266-289.\n * Tang, S. S. S., Freyd, J. J., & Wang, M. (2007). What do we know about gender in the disclosure of child sexual abuse? Journal of Psychological Trauma, 6, 1-26.\n * Walsh, W., Jones, L., & Cross, T. (2003). Children's Advocacy Centers: One philosophy, many models. APSAC Advisor, 15, 3-6.\n * Waterhouse, L. (2008). Autism overflows: Increasing prevalence and proliferating theories. Neuropsychology Review, 18, 273-286.\n\nReturn to Top of Page\n\nCopyright (c) 2010 Meredyth Goldberg Edelson\n\nVolume 1 through Volume 20, no. 3 of Disability Studies Quarterly is archived\non the Knowledge Bank site; Volume 20, no. 4 through the present can be found\non this site under Archives.\n\nBeginning with Volume 36, Issue No. 4 (2016), Disability Studies Quarterly is\npublished under a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives\nlicense unless otherwise indicated.\n\nDisability Studies Quarterly is published by The Ohio State University\nLibraries in partnership with the Society for Disability Studies.\n\nIf you encounter problems with the site or have comments to offer, including\nany access difficulty due to incompatibility with adaptive technology, please\ncontact libkbhelp@lists.osu.edu.\n\nISSN: 2159-8371 (Online); 1041-5718 (Print)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/dating-on-the-autism-spectrum/278340/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20220101072659/https://www.theatlantic.com/health/archive/2013/08/dating-on-the-autism-spectrum/278340/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Dating on the Autism Spectrum",
"passages": [
"The way to Paulette's heart is through her Outlook calendar. “Honestly, if you want to be romantic with me, send an email through Outlook and give me all the possible dates, locations, and times, so that I can prepare,” she said.",
"The former Miss America system contestant and University of Cincinnati College-Conservatory of Music-trained opera singer knew she had a different conception of romance than her previous boyfriends had and, for that matter, everyone else.",
"“People tend to think of romance as spur of the moment and exciting,” she told me. “I think of romance as things that make sense and are logical.” However, she didn't know why until this year when, at the age of 31, when she was diagnosed with autism.",
"The aspects of autism that can make everyday life challenging—reading social cues, understanding another's perspectives, making small talk and exchanging niceties—can be seriously magnified when it comes to dating. Though the American Psychiatric Association defines autism as a spectrum disorder—some people do not speak at all and have disabilities that make traditional relationships (let alone romantic ones) largely unfeasible, but there are also many who are on the \"high-functioning\" end and do have a clear desire for dating and romance.",
"Autism diagnosis rates have increased dramatically over the last two decades (the latest CDC reports show one in 50 children are diagnosed), and while much attention has been paid to early-intervention programs for toddlers and younger children, teens and adults with autism have largely been overlooked—especially when it comes to building romantic relationships.",
"Certain characteristics associated with the autism spectrum inherently go against typical dating norms. For example, while a \"neuro-typical\" person might think a bar is great place for a first date, it could be one of the worst spots for someone on the spectrum. Dorsey Massey, a social worker who helps run dating and social programs for adults with various intellectual disabilities, explained, “If it's a loud, crowded place, an individual on the spectrum may be uncomfortable or distracted.” Sensory issues may also make certain lights and noises especially unpleasant.",
"“It may give them discomfort for someone to kiss them lightly or hold their hand,” Massey said. “They need pressure, and that's not typically what you think of with tender, romantic love.”",
"Perhaps because so much of their behavior runs counter to mainstream conceptions of how to express affection and love, people with autism are rarely considered in romantic contexts. A constant complaint among the individuals interviewed for this piece is the misconception that people with autism can't express love or care for others. “I think a lot of times someone will go out on a date with someone on the spectrum and think they’re a robot,” said Alex Plank, founder of WrongPlanet.net, a popular online autism community. “It's hard to read us if we don’t explicitly say what we're feeling, but all the feelings are there.”",
"In fact, people with autism may have greater emotional capacities. “Studies have shown that people with autism can have feelings that are stronger and deeper than those without autism,” said John Elder Robison, bestselling author of Look Me in the Eyes and autism advocate. “Yet those feelings may be invisible to outsiders because we don't show them. Because we don’t show them or the expected response, people make the wrong assumption about our depth of feeling about other people.”",
"It’s not that individuals on the spectrum do not have the same desire for love; they just may not know how to find it. Dr. Elizabeth Laugeson, an Assistant Clinical Professor at UCLA said, “If you asked a person with autism if they wanted a romantic relationship, they would probably say yes, but they would probably also say they don’t know how to.”",
"Partially from the emphasis on early intervention treatments, there's a dearth of dating skills programs, or, rather, effective ones for people on the spectrum. “Early intervention can significantly improve the outcome, but kids grow up, and we don't have the proper services,” said Laugeson, who serves as director of UCLA PEERS, a program that teaches social, including romantic, interaction skills to teens and young adults on the spectrum.",
"Central to PEERS is the promotion of “ecologically valid” social skills, traits humans have been shown to exhibit in reality, rather than what we think we're “supposed” to do. “We know people with autism think very concretely,” said Laugeson. “Social skills can be abstract behavior that's difficult to describe, but we try to break it into concrete steps.”",
"For example, PEERS will take the seemingly mundane, but actually complex act of flirting and translate it into a step-by-step lesson. “First, a couple notices each other across the room. They make eye contact and look away, and they look again and they look away,” said Laugeson. “The look away makes it known you're safe, but the common error someone with autism can make is to stare, which can seem predatory and scare a person.” People with autism are also specifically instructed how to smile and for how long, since “another common mistake is to smile really big rather than giving a slight smile,” said Laugeson. “A big smile can also be frightening.”",
"Neuro-typical people often take flirting for granted as a fairly organic, coy, and even fun back-and-forth, but for someone with autism, it is really a complex, nonsensical interaction. “Flirting still doesn't make sense to me. It seems like a waste of time,” said Plank, who worked on a video with Laugeson to teach his WrongPlanet community members how to flirt. “If you think about it logically, you say things you wouldn’t normally say, so it's harder. There are a whole other set of things you have to deal with.”",
"While he didn't have PEERS to guide him, in college, Plank studied guys who were always successful at picking up girls and started mimicking their behaviors. He quickly realized acting confident was the key to dating success, especially if you're a man.",
"However, maintaining that confidence may be the hardest part of dating for someone on the spectrum, because of their difficulty processing social cues from others. “We will constantly not be able to read whether someone is interested, so you can have an insecurity about whether the person you're dating likes you,” said Plank.",
"In heterosexual courtships where men are still often expected to pursue women, males with autism are at a distinct disadvantage to their female counterpart. “For guys on the spectrum it's a one-way thing,” said Robison. “We can be interested, but have no way to tell if they're interested in us.”",
"Some women with autism may ultimately have an edge in the dating world. A common trait of people on the spectrum is being extremely logical and straightforward. A blunt man may repulse women or get a slap in the face; think of how a woman would react if a date told her yes, she did look fat in that dress, or consider the famous 1989 study where a female researcher received positive responses to her request for sex from men on the street 69 to 75 percent of the times compared to her male counterpart who received not a single yes. Women who are forward are prized for it. “Especially if they're really attractive, neuro-typical guys appreciate when women are blunt,” said Plank.",
"While Paulette doesn't necessarily think women with autism have it easier than men, she has noticed that her neuro-typical dates have particularly valued many of her autistic traits. “I’ve found that people who are neuro-typical really appreciate the qualities that people on the spectrum posses: complete honesty and almost an inability to lie,” she said.",
"However, both sexes on the spectrum struggle equally with the fear of rejection. Since so much of dating for adults with autism is trial by error, the risk of mistakes, and often embarrassing ones, is high. Jeremy Hamburgh, a dating specialist for people with special needs, including those on the autism spectrum, has noticed how hard his clients take initial failure with dating. “The risk and rewards are very different for people who are neuro-typical,” he said. “The average neuro-typical person can go out and meet ten and do well with one and feel success, but for one with special needs who has been rejected all their life that can really hurt their self-esteem.”",
"Plank has witnessed friends on the spectrum too quickly walk away from dating for fear of rejection. “It's a numbers game in many ways and because people on the spectrum are black-and-white thinking, they think they're doing something wrong,” he said. “I wish more people on the spectrum knew you need to practice, you need to go out on more dates.”",
"“The number one freedom I found in the diagnosis is I don’t need to really give into a partner’s idea of what a relationship should or needs to look like.”",
"Worse, is that people on the spectrum may turn the blame on themselves for not exhibiting neuro-typical norms for dating and romance. While interviewing subjects on the spectrum for his documentary Autism in Love (still in production), filmmaker Matt Fuller noticed how. “When something perceived as inappropriate, and it gets addressed, they will get embarrassed leading to a rabbit hole of self-deprecating thoughts.” And Paulette, too, remember feeling self-conscious and abnormal for her views of dating and romance. “I have struggled in the past with people telling me ‘this is how it should be’ and having sort of a crisis of maybe I just don’t get it, maybe I’m wrong,” she said",
"In fact, it was during one of those types of fights in a relationship earlier this year that Paulette decided to be evaluated for autism. She realized past boyfriends’ frustrations over her “rigid thinking” and “boundary issues,” could be explained by autism and a subsequent psychological evaluation confirmed it. However, rather than alarmed, she felt relief.",
"Perhaps because she had spent so much of her life trying to “act” normal and confine to others’ expectations for romance, knowing she had autism has helped her become more comfortable with dating. It’s a feeling not necessarily shared by all members on the spectrum, but realizing why she saw love and romance the way she does freed her from the pressure of neuro-typical standards. Now, she is following her own heart. “The number one freedom I found in the diagnosis is I don’t need to really give into a partner’s idea of what a relationship should or needs to look like,” she said. “It’s really liberating to know I’ve been living my life a certain way, and it turns out that that’s okay”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Dating on the Autism Spectrum - The Atlantic\n\nHealth\n\n# Dating on the Autism Spectrum\n\nWhat it's like to look for romance when \"a big smile can be frightening\"\n\nBy Emily Shire\n\nKevin Lamarque / Reuters\n\nAugust 5, 2013\n\nThe way to Paulette's heart is through her Outlook calendar. “Honestly, if you\nwant to be romantic with me, send an email through Outlook and give me all the\npossible dates, locations, and times, so that I can prepare,” she said.\n\nThe former Miss America system contestant and University of Cincinnati\nCollege-Conservatory of Music-trained opera singer knew she had a different\nconception of romance than her previous boyfriends had and, for that matter,\neveryone else.\n\n“People tend to think of romance as spur of the moment and exciting,” she told\nme. “I think of romance as things that make sense and are logical.” However,\nshe didn't know why until this year when, at the age of 31, when she was\ndiagnosed with autism.\n\n“We can be interested, but have no way to tell if they're interested in us.”\n\nThe aspects of autism that can make everyday life challenging—reading social\ncues, understanding another's perspectives, making small talk and exchanging\nniceties—can be seriously magnified when it comes to dating. Though the\nAmerican Psychiatric Association defines autism as a spectrum disorder—some\npeople do not speak at all and have disabilities that make traditional\nrelationships (let alone romantic ones) largely unfeasible, but there are also\nmany who are on the \"high-functioning\" end and do have a clear desire for\ndating and romance.\n\nAutism diagnosis rates have increased dramatically over the last two decades\n(the latest CDC reports show one in 50 children are diagnosed), and while much\nattention has been paid to early-intervention programs for toddlers and\nyounger children, teens and adults with autism have largely been\noverlooked—especially when it comes to building romantic relationships.\n\nCertain characteristics associated with the autism spectrum inherently go\nagainst typical dating norms. For example, while a \"neuro-typical\" person\nmight think a bar is great place for a first date, it could be one of the\nworst spots for someone on the spectrum. Dorsey Massey, a social worker who\nhelps run dating and social programs for adults with various intellectual\ndisabilities, explained, “If it's a loud, crowded place, an individual on the\nspectrum may be uncomfortable or distracted.” Sensory issues may also make\ncertain lights and noises especially unpleasant.\n\nSeemingly basic, non-sexual touching may be an issue, as well.\n\n“It may give them discomfort for someone to kiss them lightly or hold their\nhand,” Massey said. “They need pressure, and that's not typically what you\nthink of with tender, romantic love.”\n\n“Neuro-typical guys appreciate when women are blunt.”\n\nPerhaps because so much of their behavior runs counter to mainstream\nconceptions of how to express affection and love, people with autism are\nrarely considered in romantic contexts. A constant complaint among the\nindividuals interviewed for this piece is the misconception that people with\nautism can't express love or care for others. “I think a lot of times someone\nwill go out on a date with someone on the spectrum and think they’re a robot,”\nsaid Alex Plank, founder of WrongPlanet.net, a popular online autism\ncommunity. “It's hard to read us if we don’t explicitly say what we're\nfeeling, but all the feelings are there.”\n\nIn fact, people with autism may have greater emotional capacities. “Studies\nhave shown that people with autism can have feelings that are stronger and\ndeeper than those without autism,” said John Elder Robison, bestselling author\nof Look Me in the Eyes and autism advocate. “Yet those feelings may be\ninvisible to outsiders because we don't show them. Because we don’t show them\nor the expected response, people make the wrong assumption about our depth of\nfeeling about other people.”\n\nIt’s not that individuals on the spectrum do not have the same desire for\nlove; they just may not know how to find it. Dr. Elizabeth Laugeson, an\nAssistant Clinical Professor at UCLA said, “If you asked a person with autism\nif they wanted a romantic relationship, they would probably say yes, but they\nwould probably also say they don’t know how to.”\n\nPartially from the emphasis on early intervention treatments, there's a dearth\nof dating skills programs, or, rather, effective ones for people on the\nspectrum. “Early intervention can significantly improve the outcome, but kids\ngrow up, and we don't have the proper services,” said Laugeson, who serves as\ndirector of UCLA PEERS, a program that teaches social, including romantic,\ninteraction skills to teens and young adults on the spectrum.\n\nPEERS will take the seemingly mundane, but actually complex act of flirting\nand translate it into a step-by-step lesson.\n\nCentral to PEERS is the promotion of “ecologically valid” social skills,\ntraits humans have been shown to exhibit in reality, rather than what we think\nwe're “supposed” to do. “We know people with autism think very concretely,”\nsaid Laugeson. “Social skills can be abstract behavior that's difficult to\ndescribe, but we try to break it into concrete steps.”\n\nFor example, PEERS will take the seemingly mundane, but actually complex act\nof flirting and translate it into a step-by-step lesson. “First, a couple\nnotices each other across the room. They make eye contact and look away, and\nthey look again and they look away,” said Laugeson. “The look away makes it\nknown you're safe, but the common error someone with autism can make is to\nstare, which can seem predatory and scare a person.” People with autism are\nalso specifically instructed how to smile and for how long, since “another\ncommon mistake is to smile really big rather than giving a slight smile,” said\nLaugeson. “A big smile can also be frightening.”\n\nNeuro-typical people often take flirting for granted as a fairly organic, coy,\nand even fun back-and-forth, but for someone with autism, it is really a\ncomplex, nonsensical interaction. “Flirting still doesn't make sense to me. It\nseems like a waste of time,” said Plank, who worked on a video with Laugeson\nto teach his WrongPlanet community members how to flirt. “If you think about\nit logically, you say things you wouldn’t normally say, so it's harder. There\nare a whole other set of things you have to deal with.”\n\nWhile he didn't have PEERS to guide him, in college, Plank studied guys who\nwere always successful at picking up girls and started mimicking their\nbehaviors. He quickly realized acting confident was the key to dating success,\nespecially if you're a man.\n\nHowever, maintaining that confidence may be the hardest part of dating for\nsomeone on the spectrum, because of their difficulty processing social cues\nfrom others. “We will constantly not be able to read whether someone is\ninterested, so you can have an insecurity about whether the person you're\ndating likes you,” said Plank.\n\nIn heterosexual courtships where men are still often expected to pursue women,\nmales with autism are at a distinct disadvantage to their female counterpart.\n“For guys on the spectrum it's a one-way thing,” said Robison. “We can be\ninterested, but have no way to tell if they're interested in us.”\n\nSome women with autism may ultimately have an edge in the dating world. A\ncommon trait of people on the spectrum is being extremely logical and\nstraightforward. A blunt man may repulse women or get a slap in the face;\nthink of how a woman would react if a date told her yes, she did look fat in\nthat dress, or consider the famous 1989 study where a female researcher\nreceived positive responses to her request for sex from men on the street 69\nto 75 percent of the times compared to her male counterpart who received not a\nsingle yes. Women who are forward are prized for it. “Especially if they're\nreally attractive, neuro-typical guys appreciate when women are blunt,” said\nPlank.\n\nWhile Paulette doesn't necessarily think women with autism have it easier than\nmen, she has noticed that her neuro-typical dates have particularly valued\nmany of her autistic traits. “I’ve found that people who are neuro-typical\nreally appreciate the qualities that people on the spectrum posses: complete\nhonesty and almost an inability to lie,” she said.\n\nHowever, both sexes on the spectrum struggle equally with the fear of\nrejection. Since so much of dating for adults with autism is trial by error,\nthe risk of mistakes, and often embarrassing ones, is high. Jeremy Hamburgh, a\ndating specialist for people with special needs, including those on the autism\nspectrum, has noticed how hard his clients take initial failure with dating.\n“The risk and rewards are very different for people who are neuro-typical,” he\nsaid. “The average neuro-typical person can go out and meet ten and do well\nwith one and feel success, but for one with special needs who has been\nrejected all their life that can really hurt their self-esteem.”\n\nPlank has witnessed friends on the spectrum too quickly walk away from dating\nfor fear of rejection. “It's a numbers game in many ways and because people on\nthe spectrum are black-and-white thinking, they think they're doing something\nwrong,” he said. “I wish more people on the spectrum knew you need to\npractice, you need to go out on more dates.”\n\n“The number one freedom I found in the diagnosis is I don’t need to really\ngive into a partner’s idea of what a relationship should or needs to look\nlike.”\n\nWorse, is that people on the spectrum may turn the blame on themselves for not\nexhibiting neuro-typical norms for dating and romance. While interviewing\nsubjects on the spectrum for his documentary Autism in Love (still in\nproduction), filmmaker Matt Fuller noticed how. “When something perceived as\ninappropriate, and it gets addressed, they will get embarrassed leading to a\nrabbit hole of self-deprecating thoughts.” And Paulette, too, remember feeling\nself-conscious and abnormal for her views of dating and romance. “I have\nstruggled in the past with people telling me ‘this is how it should be’ and\nhaving sort of a crisis of maybe I just don’t get it, maybe I’m wrong,” she\nsaid\n\nIn fact, it was during one of those types of fights in a relationship earlier\nthis year that Paulette decided to be evaluated for autism. She realized past\nboyfriends’ frustrations over her “rigid thinking” and “boundary issues,”\ncould be explained by autism and a subsequent psychological evaluation\nconfirmed it. However, rather than alarmed, she felt relief.\n\nPerhaps because she had spent so much of her life trying to “act” normal and\nconfine to others’ expectations for romance, knowing she had autism has helped\nher become more comfortable with dating. It’s a feeling not necessarily shared\nby all members on the spectrum, but realizing why she saw love and romance the\nway she does freed her from the pressure of neuro-typical standards. Now, she\nis following her own heart. “The number one freedom I found in the diagnosis\nis I don’t need to really give into a partner’s idea of what a relationship\nshould or needs to look like,” she said. “It’s really liberating to know I’ve\nbeen living my life a certain way, and it turns out that that’s okay”\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://psychcentral.com:80/blog/archives/2009/04/14/9-steps-to-better-communication-today/",
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"Relationships don’t exist in a vacuum. They exist between two emotional human beings who bring their own past experiences, history, and expectations into it. Two different people also have different levels of skill when it comes to communication. But better communication, because it is a skill, can also be learned.",
"The most popular myth about communication in relationships is that since you talk to your partner, you’re automatically communicating. While talking to your partner is indeed a form of communication, if it’s primarily about everyday, “surfacey” topics (“How were the kids?” “How was work?” “How’s your mother?”), you’re not really communicating about the important stuff. This article is primarily about how to talk in a more open and rewarding manner with your significant other.",
"Communication either makes or breaks most relationships. You can improve your relationship today, right now, by putting into practice some of these tips for improving the communication in your relationship.",
"How many times have you heard someone say this or read this in an article about communication skills? How hard is it to actually do when you’re “in the moment?” Harder than it sounds. When we’re knee deep within a serious discussion or argument with our significant other, it’s hard to put aside our point for the moment and just listen. We’re often so afraid of not being heard, we rush to keep talking. Ironically, such behavior makes it all the more likely we won’t be heard.",
"You’ve stopped talking for the moment, but your head is still swirling with all of the things you want to say, so you’re still not really hearing what is being said. Laugh all you want, but therapists have a technique that works very well that “forces” them to really hear what a client tells them — rephrasing what a person has just said to them (called “reflection”).",
"This may upset a partner if you do it too much, or do it in a tone that suggests you’re mocking rather than trying to seriously listen. So use the technique sparingly, and let your partner know why you’re doing it if they ask — “Sometimes I don’t think I’m getting what you’re telling me, and doing this lets me slow my mind down a bit and really try and hear what you’re saying.”",
"Some people have never been very open to others in their life. Heck, some people might not even know themselves, or know much about their own real needs and desires. But to be in a relationship is to take a step toward opening up your life and opening up yourself.",
"Little lies turn into big lies. Hiding your emotions behind a cloak of invincibility might work for you, but won’t work for most others. Pretending everything is alright isn’t alright. And giving your partner the silent treatment is about as useful as a fish with a bicycle. In the desert. At night. These things may have “worked” for you in the past, but they are all barriers to good communication.",
"Being open means talking about things you may have never talked about with another human being before in your life. It means being vulnerable and honest with your partner, completely and unabashedly. It means opening yourself up to possible hurt and disappointment. But it also means opening yourself up to the full potential of all a relationship can be.",
"Most of our communication with one another in any friendship or relationship isn’t what we say, but how we say it. Nonverbal communication is your body language, the tone of your voice, its inflection, eye contact, and how far away you are when you talk to someone else. Learning to communicate better means that you need to learn how to read these signals as well as hear what the other person is saying. Reading your partner’s nonverbal signals takes time and patience, but the more you do it, the more attuned you will be to what they’re really saying, such as:",
"Lack of eye contact may mean they’re not really interested in what you’re saying, are ashamed of something, or find it difficult to talk about something.",
"Louder, more aggressive tone may mean the person is escalating the discussion and is becoming very emotionally involved. It might also suggest they feel like they’re not being heard or understood.",
"All the while you’re reading your partner’s nonverbal signals, be aware of your own. Make and maintain eye contact, keep a neutral body stance and tone to your voice, and sit next to the person when you’re talking to them.",
"Sometimes discussions turn into arguments, that can then morph into a discussion about everything and the kitchen sink. To be respectful of one another and the relationship, you should try and keep the discussion (or argument) focused to the topic at hand. While it’s easy to get in the cheap shots or bring up everything that an argument seems to call for, just don’t. If the argument is ostensibly about who’s making dinner tonight, keep it that topic. Don’t veer off down the country road of who does what in the house, who’s responsible for child rearing, and by the way, who cleans the kitchen sink.",
"Arguments that do veer off tend to escalate and grow larger and larger. One party needs to make an effort at that point to try and de-escalate the argument, even if it means walking away from it, literally. But do so as respectfully as possible, saying something like, “Look, I can see this isn’t going to get any better by discussing it tonight. Let’s sleep on it and try talking about it with fresh eyes in the morning, okay?”",
"Nobody can talk about important, big matters if they feel emotionally vulnerable or charged-up and angry. Those are not the times to talk about the serious issues (like money, getting married, the kids, or retirement). You might think it impossible, nonsensical or even contradictory to talk about an emotional topic like getting married or having children without emotion. And yet, these discussions need to keep a foothold of rationality to them in order to not gloss over the realities that they bring. Marriage, for instance, brings the combining of households and living with another person day-to-day. Having kids isn’t just about cute toddler clothes and painting the nursery, but talking about who’s going to change diapers, feed the newborn, and be available at all hours of the day and night for months on end.",
"How many times do we continue to argue or have a heated discussion because we simply want to be “right.” I’ve talked about this sense of needing to “win” arguments more than once. Why? Because so many of couples’ arguments revolve around one party thinking they’re “right” and the other party not willing to cede the point or back off. In fact, though, both parties need to back off.",
"By doing this, are you giving up a piece of yourself by compromising and not insisting on how right you are? Well, that’s something only you can decide. Would you rather be in a happy relationship where you respect the other person, even if you may occasionally disagree with them? Or would you rather be in an unhappy relationship where you know you’re always right, no matter what? It just comes down to your priorities — if being “right” is more important to you than your partner’s happiness, then perhaps you have not found the right partner.",
"You don’t have to be funny in order to use humor and playfulness in everyday conversations. You just need to use the sense of humor you do have and try and inject it into more of your communications with your partner. Humor helps lighten everyday frustrations and helps puts things into perspective more gently than other methods. Playfulness reminds us that even as adults, we all have a side to us that enjoys fun and taking a break from the seriousness of work and other demands made on us.",
"To communicate better and more effectively in your relationship, you don’t only have to talk. You can communicate in other ways — through your actions, and nowadays, electronically too (through email, Facebook, blogs, texting or Twitter). All too often, couples focus only on the talking aspect of their relationship, but your actions also speak loudly. Keeping in touch throughout the day or week through email or other electronic means also reminds the person you’re thinking about them and how important they are in your life. Even if such communications are mainly playful or inconsequential, they can help lighten your partner’s day and improve their mood.",
"Some couples also find that using email or another method is easier to discuss emotional issues rather than trying to do so face-to-face. It’s something to consider if every time you try and bring up a particular topic with your significant other, it turns into an argument or they shy away from it. Email or texting may be a way of communicating about such matters more openly and directly.",
"Nobody is a perfect communicator all the time. But you can work to become a better communicator by trying a few of these tips. They won’t all work, nor will they work all the time. Better communication, however, starts with one person making the effort to improve, which often encourages the other to come along for the ride.",
"Dr. John Grohol is the founder & CEO of Psych Central. He is an author, researcher and expert in mental health online, and has been writing about online behavior, mental health and psychology issues -- as well as the intersection of technology and human behavior -- since 1992. Dr. Grohol sits on the editorial board of the journal Computers in Human Behavior and is a founding board member and treasurer of the Society for Participatory Medicine.",
"liv: I am looking for funding to get a new dog to help me with my anxiety and depression if anyone can help fund me I...",
"Kimberly Blaker: You agree that there is no distinction in the severity in the ways peoples lives are disrupted by...",
"Arran: Thank you for this article. It made me feel sad,but not alone. I am always telling myself and punishing myself..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "9 Steps to Better Communication Today | World of Psychology\n\nBlog Home | About World of Psychology | Archives\n\n# 9 Steps to Better Communication Today\n\nBy John M. Grohol, Psy.D. ~ 6 min read\n\nPages: 1 2All\n\nRelationships don’t exist in a vacuum. They exist between two emotional human\nbeings who bring their own past experiences, history, and expectations into\nit. Two different people also have different levels of skill when it comes to\ncommunication. But better communication, because it is a skill, can also be\nlearned.\n\nThe most popular myth about communication in relationships is that since you\ntalk to your partner, you’re automatically communicating. While talking to\nyour partner is indeed a form of communication, if it’s primarily about\neveryday, “surfacey” topics (“How were the kids?” “How was work?” “How’s your\nmother?”), you’re not really communicating about the important stuff. This\narticle is primarily about how to talk in a more open and rewarding manner\nwith your significant other.\n\nCommunication either makes or breaks most relationships. You can improve your\nrelationship today, right now, by putting into practice some of these tips for\nimproving the communication in your relationship.\n\n1\\. Stop and listen.\n\nHow many times have you heard someone say this or read this in an article\nabout communication skills? How hard is it to actually do when you’re “in the\nmoment?” Harder than it sounds. When we’re knee deep within a serious\ndiscussion or argument with our significant other, it’s hard to put aside our\npoint for the moment and just listen. We’re often so afraid of not being\nheard, we rush to keep talking. Ironically, such behavior makes it all the\nmore likely we won’t be heard.\n\n2\\. Force yourself to hear.\n\nYou’ve stopped talking for the moment, but your head is still swirling with\nall of the things you want to say, so you’re still not really hearing what is\nbeing said. Laugh all you want, but therapists have a technique that works\nvery well that “forces” them to really hear what a client tells them —\nrephrasing what a person has just said to them (called “reflection”).\n\nThis may upset a partner if you do it too much, or do it in a tone that\nsuggests you’re mocking rather than trying to seriously listen. So use the\ntechnique sparingly, and let your partner know why you’re doing it if they ask\n— “Sometimes I don’t think I’m getting what you’re telling me, and doing this\nlets me slow my mind down a bit and really try and hear what you’re saying.”\n\n3\\. Be open and honest with your partner.\n\nSome people have never been very open to others in their life. Heck, some\npeople might not even know themselves, or know much about their own real needs\nand desires. But to be in a relationship is to take a step toward opening up\nyour life and opening up yourself.\n\nLittle lies turn into big lies. Hiding your emotions behind a cloak of\ninvincibility might work for you, but won’t work for most others. Pretending\neverything is alright isn’t alright. And giving your partner the silent\ntreatment is about as useful as a fish with a bicycle. In the desert. At\nnight. These things may have “worked” for you in the past, but they are all\nbarriers to good communication.\n\nBeing open means talking about things you may have never talked about with\nanother human being before in your life. It means being vulnerable and honest\nwith your partner, completely and unabashedly. It means opening yourself up to\npossible hurt and disappointment. But it also means opening yourself up to the\nfull potential of all a relationship can be.\n\n4\\. Pay attention to nonverbal signals.\n\nMost of our communication with one another in any friendship or relationship\nisn’t what we say, but how we say it. Nonverbal communication is your body\nlanguage, the tone of your voice, its inflection, eye contact, and how far\naway you are when you talk to someone else. Learning to communicate better\nmeans that you need to learn how to read these signals as well as hear what\nthe other person is saying. Reading your partner’s nonverbal signals takes\ntime and patience, but the more you do it, the more attuned you will be to\nwhat they’re really saying, such as:\n\n * Folded arms in front of a person may mean they’re feeling defensive or closed off.\n * Lack of eye contact may mean they’re not really interested in what you’re saying, are ashamed of something, or find it difficult to talk about something.\n * Louder, more aggressive tone may mean the person is escalating the discussion and is becoming very emotionally involved. It might also suggest they feel like they’re not being heard or understood.\n * Someone who’s turned away from you when talking to you may mean disinterest or being closed off.\n\nAll the while you’re reading your partner’s nonverbal signals, be aware of\nyour own. Make and maintain eye contact, keep a neutral body stance and tone\nto your voice, and sit next to the person when you’re talking to them.\n\n5\\. Stay focused in the here and now.\n\nSometimes discussions turn into arguments, that can then morph into a\ndiscussion about everything and the kitchen sink. To be respectful of one\nanother and the relationship, you should try and keep the discussion (or\nargument) focused to the topic at hand. While it’s easy to get in the cheap\nshots or bring up everything that an argument seems to call for, just don’t.\nIf the argument is ostensibly about who’s making dinner tonight, keep it that\ntopic. Don’t veer off down the country road of who does what in the house,\nwho’s responsible for child rearing, and by the way, who cleans the kitchen\nsink.\n\nArguments that do veer off tend to escalate and grow larger and larger. One\nparty needs to make an effort at that point to try and de-escalate the\nargument, even if it means walking away from it, literally. But do so as\nrespectfully as possible, saying something like, “Look, I can see this isn’t\ngoing to get any better by discussing it tonight. Let’s sleep on it and try\ntalking about it with fresh eyes in the morning, okay?”\n\n6\\. Try to minimize emotion when talking about important, big decisions.\n\nNobody can talk about important, big matters if they feel emotionally\nvulnerable or charged-up and angry. Those are not the times to talk about the\nserious issues (like money, getting married, the kids, or retirement). You\nmight think it impossible, nonsensical or even contradictory to talk about an\nemotional topic like getting married or having children without emotion. And\nyet, these discussions need to keep a foothold of rationality to them in order\nto not gloss over the realities that they bring. Marriage, for instance,\nbrings the combining of households and living with another person day-to-day.\nHaving kids isn’t just about cute toddler clothes and painting the nursery,\nbut talking about who’s going to change diapers, feed the newborn, and be\navailable at all hours of the day and night for months on end.\n\n7\\. Be ready to cede an argument.\n\nHow many times do we continue to argue or have a heated discussion because we\nsimply want to be “right.” I’ve talked about this sense of needing to “win”\narguments more than once. Why? Because so many of couples’ arguments revolve\naround one party thinking they’re “right” and the other party not willing to\ncede the point or back off. In fact, though, both parties need to back off.\n\nBy doing this, are you giving up a piece of yourself by compromising and not\ninsisting on how right you are? Well, that’s something only you can decide.\nWould you rather be in a happy relationship where you respect the other\nperson, even if you may occasionally disagree with them? Or would you rather\nbe in an unhappy relationship where you know you’re always right, no matter\nwhat? It just comes down to your priorities — if being “right” is more\nimportant to you than your partner’s happiness, then perhaps you have not\nfound the right partner.\n\n8\\. Humor and playfulness usually help.\n\nYou don’t have to be funny in order to use humor and playfulness in everyday\nconversations. You just need to use the sense of humor you do have and try and\ninject it into more of your communications with your partner. Humor helps\nlighten everyday frustrations and helps puts things into perspective more\ngently than other methods. Playfulness reminds us that even as adults, we all\nhave a side to us that enjoys fun and taking a break from the seriousness of\nwork and other demands made on us.\n\n9\\. Communicating is more than just talking.\n\nTo communicate better and more effectively in your relationship, you don’t\nonly have to talk. You can communicate in other ways — through your actions,\nand nowadays, electronically too (through email, Facebook, blogs, texting or\nTwitter). All too often, couples focus only on the talking aspect of their\nrelationship, but your actions also speak loudly. Keeping in touch throughout\nthe day or week through email or other electronic means also reminds the\nperson you’re thinking about them and how important they are in your life.\nEven if such communications are mainly playful or inconsequential, they can\nhelp lighten your partner’s day and improve their mood.\n\nSome couples also find that using email or another method is easier to discuss\nemotional issues rather than trying to do so face-to-face. It’s something to\nconsider if every time you try and bring up a particular topic with your\nsignificant other, it turns into an argument or they shy away from it. Email\nor texting may be a way of communicating about such matters more openly and\ndirectly.\n\n* * *\n\nNobody is a perfect communicator all the time. But you can work to become a\nbetter communicator by trying a few of these tips. They won’t all work, nor\nwill they work all the time. Better communication, however, starts with one\nperson making the effort to improve, which often encourages the other to come\nalong for the ride.\n\nPages: 1 2All\n\n> Last reviewed: By John M. Grohol, Psy.D. on 6 Oct 2009 Published on\n> PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.\n\n## About John M. Grohol, Psy.D.\n\nDr. John Grohol is the founder & CEO of Psych Central. He is an author,\nresearcher and expert in mental health online, and has been writing about\nonline behavior, mental health and psychology issues -- as well as the\nintersection of technology and human behavior -- since 1992. Dr. Grohol sits\non the editorial board of the journal Computers in Human Behavior and is a\nfounding board member and treasurer of the Society for Participatory Medicine.\n\nView all posts by John M. Grohol, Psy.D. →\n\nThis post currently has 46 comments. You can read the comments or leave your\nown thoughts .\n\nAPA Reference Grohol, J. (2009). 9 Steps to Better Communication Today. Psych\nCentral. Retrieved on October 2, 2015, from\nhttp://psychcentral.com/blog/archives/2009/04/14/9-steps-to-better-\ncommunication-today/\n\n« 12 Things You Want Your In-Laws To Know\n\nDepression Leftovers Making a Catastrophe in My Mind »\n\n« Blog Index\n\n## Communication\n\n * 9 Steps to Better Communication Today\n * Marriage Communication: How Does It Work?\n * Marriage Communication: 3 Common Mistakes and How To Fix Them\n * 5 Communication Pitfalls and Pointers for Couples\n * Choosing Happiness in Our Lives\n * 10 Rules for Friendly Fighting for Couples\n * An Exercise to Grow Your Relationsihp\n * Affectionate Communication Can Help Ease Emotional Disconnect\n * Building Assertiveness in 4 Steps\n * Ask a Question\n * Ask the Therapist\n * Ask Others\n * Support Groups\n * Relationships & Communication\n\n## Latest Articles\n\n * How Many Friends Do You Need?\n * The Odd Woman & the City: A Memoir\n * When a Loved One Becomes Disabled\n * Renew Your Wows: Seven Powerful Tools to Ignite the Spark & Transform Your Relationship\n * The Biggest Cause of Anxiety\n * Is it OK for Women to Abuse Men?\n\n * How Those With Schizophrenia Misinterpret Social Cues\n * If Placebo Eases Depression, Real Meds Will Too\n * Antipsychotics for Parkinson's Psychosis May Be Dangerous\n\nWhat's Hot\n\n * Why People With Asperger's Look Rude And Creepy\n * Succeeding in College When You Have ADHD\n\n##### Most Popular Posts\n\n * Differences Between a Psychopath vs Sociopath\n * How to Tell If You're a Conversational Narcissist\n * Could Sugar Make Depression Worse?\n * Succeeding in College When You Have ADHD\n\n##### Most Popular News\n\n * How Those With Schizophrenia Misinterpret Social Cues\n * Cellphones Can Damage Romantic Relationships\n * Delayed Dizziness After Standing May Portend Worsening Illness\n * Using CPAP Reduces Symptoms of Depression in Those With Sleep Apnea\n * If Placebo Eases Depression, Real Meds Will Too\n\n##### From Our Blogs\n\n * Strengthen Your Marriage: Humility & Forgiveness\n * First You Fly, Then You Fall\n * Nature Vs Nurture\n * Med Compliance: Mother VS Daughter\n * Succeeding in College When You Have ADHD\n * Infants Have Personal Empowerment Goals, Too\n\n##### Recent Comments\n\n * Bridget O'Brien: Great article, Kevin! This article should be given to every ADHD student once they cross the stage...\n * Odelya Gertel Kraybill: Thanks Therese for this post. I absolutely agree with you – I am convinced that the...\n * liv: I am looking for funding to get a new dog to help me with my anxiety and depression if anyone can help fund me I...\n * Kimberly Blaker: You agree that there is no distinction in the severity in the ways peoples lives are disrupted by...\n * Arran: Thank you for this article. It made me feel sad,but not alone. I am always telling myself and punishing myself...\n\nHome About Us Ad Choices Advertise with Us Contact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Use Site Map Disclaimer/Disclosure Feeds\n\nADHD Anxiety Bipolar Depression Schizophrenia Psychotherapy\n\nPsych Central Professional Psych Central Blog Network Psych Central News\nPsychological Tests & Quizzes Sanity Score Forums • NeuroTalk\n\nCopyright © 1995-2015 Psych Central Site last updated: 02 Oct 2015\n\nPsych Central does not provide medical, mental illness, or psychological\nadvice, diagnosis or treatment. Learn more.\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.autism.org.uk/living-with-autism/parents-relatives-and-carers/partners/frequently-asked-questions.aspx",
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"Advice and guidance about a wide range of autism-related topics – from what autism is, to diagnosis, to socialising and relationships",
"What we do - be it running specialist schools, campaigning for improved rights or training companies on being more autism-friendly, we are dedicated to transforming lives and changing attitudes",
"How you can help - from raising money with Team Autism to campaigning for improved rights, or becoming a member of the charity, you can help in a number of ways to create a society that works for autistic people",
"Alternatively, you can search our site in the menu at the top of the page, near the Donate button. Or, to browse our entire site, you can:",
"We are registered as a charity in England and Wales (269425) and in Scotland (SC039427). The National Autistic Society is also a company limited by guarantee, registered at Companies House (01205298). VAT registration number: 653370050. © The National Autistic Society 2021"
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"original_url": "https://autismum.com/2012/05/07/10-tips-on-how-to-communicate-with-autistic-people/",
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"passages": [
"1. Please always keep in mind that communication difficulties are common with Autism. We have difficulties in reading social cues and body language. Be patient and understanding.",
"2. We tend to take things literally and have often trouble reading between the lines. As a result, we may ask a lot of questions to clarify what is meant by something that you say. I have been told that I ask a lot of questions. Don’t be offended by this. It is our way of being sure that we understand what you are telling us. We may repeat back to you in our own words to try and get on the same page as you.",
"3. If we misunderstand something that you say, please be patient and expand on what you said and explain what you meant. Don’t assume a negative or hostile intent from us if we misunderstand something that you said. Keep in mind that communication can be difficult for us. Things that come naturally to you take extra effort by us.",
"4. Please don’t get offended by our communication style. We tend to be frank, honest and matter of fact. Some people may interpret this as blunt or rude. We don’t intend to offend you by not sugar coating the things that we say. We don’t intend to be rude. Please don’t get defensive or assume that we are attacking you. Remember that communicating is hard for us. Don’t make negative assumptions. Too often we get corrected or attacked by someone who fails to give us some slack and the benefit of the doubt.",
"5. Please don’t expect eye contact. We may be able to force eye contact, but it is not comfortable for us. Making eye contact takes a conscious effort. This effort may take away from listening and understanding what you are saying. I tend to look at a person’s mouth more often than their eyes. Other autistic people will rarely look at your face. This is ok.",
"6. Please keep in mind that we most likely have been rejected, excluded, ridiculed or bullied in the past. If we seem anxious or insecure this may be due to living in a world that misunderstands us and is often hostile to us. We have to work hard to reach out to others. Please work at reaching back to us with understanding and kindness. If we feel that you are ignoring us we will feel bad about that. We may persist in asking for feedback from you. Please be reassuring and clearly express your support for us.",
"7. Please don’t speak down to us. Treat us as equals. We may sound flat or have an unusual tone to our voice. We may not speak with our voice at all. We may need to type our words. Please be patient with us. It may take us a while to formulate our answers.",
"8. Please don’t talk too loudly or yell at us. It is very jarring to us. It makes me jump when someone comes up to me and talks too loudly. It is like having someone jump out in the dark yelling “BOO!” at me. It causes an adrenalin dump in my body. I don’t like this.",
"10. Please don’t assume that we lack empathy or emotion. We pick up on negative or judgmental attitudes. We know when people look down on us or are hostile to us. We will shut down if you show us a lack of respect.",
"Please keep in mind that we are all different. These issues will vary from person to person. The above tips are written from my perspective as an autistic person. This is just a guide. Feel free to ask me any questions so that I may expand and clarify any areas that aren’t clear to you. Thank you for reading this guide. ~ Steve Summers",
"I was diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome (part of the Autism Spectrum) as an adult. I was diagnosed following my 11-year-old son’s diagnosis with Aspergers. I am happy to have my diagnosis. It was like a light being turned on that illuminated my entire life in a new way. Now I understand why I never really ‘fit in.’ It is like having a huge weight lifted off of my shoulders to have my diagnosis.",
"I don’t feel that people should make divisions between parts of the Autism Spectrum. I am autistic and I want to work to make the world a better, more understanding and accepting place for all autistic people. We need to work together for the benefit of all on the Autism Spectrum.",
"I wrote this list due to continuing difficulties that I have had with the give and take of communicating with others. Many people seem too easily offended because they fail to understand these things about me. We all need understanding and acceptance.",
"Hi Lucewoman and thankyou for cienmmtong. It is true what you say; just because someone wants to socialise it is assumed that they are not autistic. The other wrong assumption that I have come across is the view that because someone is with other children that that child is socialising. Yet it is the nature of the interaction and communication that needs to be observed and listened to rather than just observing them from afar in the playground.Hi Lizbeth. I agree plus a girls symptoms of ASD can be more subtle and hardly recognised or understood. But because they are subtle doesn’t mean they are any less difficult for her than a boy who may show his ASD in a more expressive way such as my son.",
"Hi have 15 year old son with autism doing well in mainstream school but its always hard from day to day!!!",
"I have a relative of a similar age with Asperger’s. He is doing really well and has some wonderful friends but it’s clear he struggles sometimes too.",
"I’m a NT and I find this info of great value...keep writing tips for the communit,so we can learn about how you think, process,interperate,dream,communicate back to us... NT’s. Great work",
"Great post about things that ring true whether you are an adult or child with autism. My aspie hubby still isn’t always able to look me in the eye, but I understand this about him. My guys would agree with most of this list as well – respect is the name of the game, for sure!",
"This is lovely... but I’m saddened that it’s needed. I have so many autie friends that all these things are second nature to me now and I forget that most NTs find them difficult!",
"I’m really grateful for this article! A close friend of the family adopted an autistic kid and I was so excited to finally meet him. I prepared myself before this encounter to be able to communicate with the kid, as I know that it’s difficult to talk when it comes to autism. I found lots of well-written articles like this one, but it was hard to put the tips into action. When I met the little boy, I was very nervous and everything I said appeared wrong to me. I felt really bad, even though I tried very hard. Everybody told me that this was normal and I shouldn’t be too worried about it. But I was so determined to make the little boy feel safe around me, that I consulted a professional coach on a website called Your24hCoach. I told my coach about the “unsuccessful” encounter that day and he was really skilled! He kinda explained the world to me from the eyes of an autistic person. All of a sudden I understood what it might be like to be autistic. Helped me a lot! The next encounter was successful for both of us 🙂",
"Thanks for your comment. I love that an autistic child has found a loving home and so much effort is being made to understand him. You are an amazing, supportive friend.",
"It’s a shame you don’t have a donate button! I’d definitely donate to this excellent blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your RSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to new updates and will share this site with my Facebook group. Chat soon!",
"To Steve Summers: While this helps me understand things a bit better, I need to add that “honesty” is not always based on the truth, but on how you yourself feel about something. There are many things that influence this, including how you were raised, what you’ve seen around you etc. I mean, you are still making judgements and not always speaking of facts. I’m saying this since a few months ago, an autistic acquaintance who I’d thought of as a new friend said something that really hurt me very much, and it was not based on any facts, but on life as he saw it which may come from how some people around him view things. I mean, he may have been repeating other people’s biases. So he said this thing to me and it was very upsetting and really shook me up for a while. When I tried to tell him that saying things like that are very hurtful and untrue and affect the other person’s self esteem, he only focussed on himself and said, “I don’t like what you are saying, It upsets me”. Such a response can only seem selfish. Although he had also explained just before this that he was autistic, it seemed that everything had to be about him. He’s autistic so I have to be nice to him and not tell him how he upset me, but he can say what he likes to me and not learn not to make biased remarks around one topic.",
"Telling us to be patient is one thing but we all have areas where we can learn to respect others’ feelings and this should be mutual. The strongest feeling I had in that situation was that he was chauvinistic and selfish, and using his problem as his excuse. He was in his 30s and a professional who deals with many people, so he can learn not to say certain things to people he hardly knows. And this one topic would have wrong for most people in this society.",
"On the other hand, I had a previous autistic acquaintance who was sometimes a little arrogant seeming and competitive, but I never knew him to make biased or cruel remarks. I know everyone is different, but people can still learn.",
"To Steve Summers: While this helps me understand things a bit better, I need to add that “honesty” is not always based on the truth, but on how you yourself feel about something. Actually, truth is how one feels about something. For example, somebody who truly believes they are Jesus will pass a polygraph with flying colours when answering “yes” upon being asked if they are Christ, even though that is not the fact.",
"Hi, I know someone who is autistic but he can not speak at all, he cn only pronounce a couple of vowels. I tried to communicate nd play with him today as it was first time meetin him, I told him I was his friend as he asked me. He was tryin to play clapping game with me and asked to tie shoelaces however I think that he is very clever in some aspects considering he can not communicate like he can always find his way back to places! Please give me advice for him as I think he is severely autistic.",
"Hiya, I will let Steve know you are asking for advice. In the meantime the blog tiny grace notes is a wonderful source of info and you may want to try We Are Like Your Child – a wonderful blog written by autistic people for non autistic people.",
"I feel like you captured a lot of me in your guidelines. We are obviously different people and don’t necessarily exhibit the same symptoms, but I almost felt like you were talking about me. For once, I know that someone else totally gets it. Thank you. =)",
"You are very welcome. It really helps me as well to know that I am not alone. Others have very similar experiences. It is great to hear someone say, “Me too!” We don’t feel so alone or isolated when we know that others are going through these issues as well.",
"Reblogged this on Autistic Aloha and commented: Go check out the wonderful blog, Autismum. I have some guest posts hosted over there from before I began my own blog. This ’10 Tips’ blog post is one that has been very popular. Go check out the other posts as well on Autismum.com. Lot’s of great reading there! ❤",
"I have an 18year old son who is severely autistic and non verbal. it has always amazed me what the reaction of other children in a public place such as the supermarket is. adults tend to stare at us more than the kids do.",
"Really appreciate ur comments and am taking them very seriously I do have one question: How does one listen to non verbal person and communicate with him?",
"‘Non-Speaking Autistic Speaking’ – “I am a non-speaking Autistic activist, writer and poet. Once said to be less than human, I found my voice and I now make sure I am heard. ...” ~ Amy Sequenzia",
"Hi , my daughter is two and was reacently diagnosed with autisem . Eventhough I try to read as much as I can find about Autisem , I cant seem to find out what’s the best way to interackt with my child. If anyone has any advice that would be very helpfull:)",
"One more thought about communicating with a person with Asbergers. I have found that my older son enjoys texting much more than a phone call. Communication is very important and we need to figure out a way to keep in touch. Telephones scare him while texting is very non threatening.",
"my friend somewhat, suffers from austim, we just figured it out, i am trying to help her, it is tough, but we will make it through, please send her your thoughts and prayers thank you for this great site,",
"I’m amazed, I have to admit. Seldom do I come across a blog that’s both educative and engaging, and let me tell you, you’ve hit the nail on the head. The issue is something too few folks are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m very happy that I came across this in my search for something regarding this.",
"I have a younger cousin with Autism, he has been diagnosed and it is official. He is 2 years old and all I want to do is talk to him as he always is walking away, or he says random words and..I dont know, how do I talk to him?",
"hi there.. I have several friends who are autistic and I wish to communicate with them. at the same time I’m afraid of hurting them. do you mind replying me via email, then can I ask you questions? thank you for this post.",
"I have just started to work with mentally disordered adults and have one young man who is severely autistic. I’m so glad I connected with this site as I want so badly to be able to help him. I will continue to use patience and listen more to “body language” than what he may or may not be saying. My job is to help my clients become more self sufficient and develop the self worth that has been beat our of them over the years. I am working through our local community services and have had very little experience it this area. Thanks for the insight you’ve been able to provide.",
"Thank you so much. Steve, the author of this post, now has his own blog which is just fantastic! You might want to check it out http://autisticaloha.wordpress.com",
"i get frustrated by a friend who i am sure is autistic. he will recall the past and be insistent that is what happened when it is not case something else happened. his attitude of being right is difficult to take and last nite wore me down as he recalled 2 or 3 experiences.",
"my son is 3 and has been diagnosed with ASD he does not say a word or have any way to communicate with us. he gets so frustrated that we don’t understand him. any tips on how to help deal with this frustration that can lead to awful meltdowns?",
"The pediatric team who made the diagnosis should usually have a team of experts at hand ready to help your son and your family with these type of challenges; assuming that his hearing etc have been checked – have you tried sign language or a simplified version fo sign language?",
"Hi, Do u ever stop communicating for weeks at a time with someone that u like, or does this mean u don ‘t like them when u ignore phone calls and texts? Please help me. Thank you 🙂",
"Thank you for this post! My husband has a difficult time communicating with me (I’m autistic) and I think this is a concise and straightforward way of explaining my what I have been trying to articulate politely for years",
"Thank you so much for sharing this useful list. I will be sure to keep them in mind when interacting with people on the Autism Spectrum.",
"Thank you for all these comments and to Steve. My 47 year old son has just been diagnosed with ASD and also his 14 year old son. MY son is very pleased about the diagnosis as he too feels as though a weight has been lifted from him. I welcome these posts as finally I can understand some ot the problems we have had",
"Thanks for the tips. I’ve got a couple of friends with aspergers, and I’ve never had any trouble communicating with them, but I wanted to make sure I was doing right by my autistic customers at work!",
"I have had a bad past of being bullied but I have not let that get to me , I have got a full time job an also passed my driving test . I do my best every day to reach my goals an to become a more confident person",
"Hi I have a son 6 I was in and out of his life. We spent time together. The mother of my son says he remember s me from pictures. I just really want him to know I love him. I know going in to detail about life isnt going to be helpfully. I just want the best way to come at him. Don’t want to over do it and scare him. Hopefully u can help me seeing him in a week",
"I am working with an autistic person. I work and live in a house he bought sight unseen. My job is to rehabilitate the property. i get frustrated because there are several requests that he makes that are sometimes not normal. I want to communicate with him effectively but sometimes I’m not sure. There have been several instances where he is absolutely sure that his way is the right way and when I try to tell him that there is a better way, he won’t budge. It’s like he doesn’t trust me. Help.",
"Thank you so much for writing this. My husband and I have a hard time after we get married because of our communication issue. This comes into my mind because my husband showed a lot of symptoms of autism including the ones that you listed here and others that I read other places. Just as you said it is like a light is turned on now we are working together to communicate better and have more understanding and respect for each other. For adults, it is more important to know the diagnosis because they are assumed to function well in the society. Thank you so much! -Jing",
"Hello Steve, I am married to wonderful man who has been diagnosed with ASD. I have difficulty understanding how to speak to him and how to interpret what he is saying to me without getting upset. I love him deeply and must learn how to do so urgently. Could you elaborate on effective ways to express respect and love to an autistic person that is deeply hurt and afraid.",
"Us Aspies take everything in. We just don’t necessarily process, or act on, the same bits you do. We tend to prioritize the logical aspects over the emotive – which is pretty well the opposite of what you may well do. If you say things that make sense to you but the logic of the words means something else then hubby will be lost. My ex did this all the time and when I questioned to clarify she would just repeat and repeat the same thing with escalating anger. I would try to be more logical about the issue. Not a good outcome for either of us. Learn to make a better match between what you mean and the actual words you say.",
"Also watch that if you are upset with the world that he will (probably) assume you are upset with him if you don’t keep your anger clearly on the right object. He will (also probably) try making very logical suggestions on how to proceed. Don’t ignore him as this is how we help. If he has decent social skills (as I assume he does seeing you married him) then he may well have very good advice.",
"Check to see he isn’t depressed (even mildly). Sadly this isn’t too uncommon for us as we get frustrated with the world easily as we feel trapped, esp when those closest to us shut us down or out.",
"Best of luck and remember to show him you love him in simple and clear ways and you are at least half way there.",
"Steve, your response to Mitch helps me understand some questions I’ve been struggling with, especially when you reference logical responses versus emotional responses/actions. If you could further respond to your thoughts on my situation, I would greatly appreciate it.",
"I have been dating someone for the past 6 months that was diagnosed with autism at an early age, but feels he’s grown out of it in his adult years. He is very successful in his career and seems to be a wonderful father. So I compare our relationship to one that is “normal” in terms of communication. To make matters more complicated, we are in a long distance relationship. I jumped right into a relationship when I first met him, almost too quickly, but I went with it. We saw each other as much as possible, talked on the phone, and facetimed whenever possible.",
"Fast-forward, he now mostly texts me when it seems convenient for him, but he does always text that he loves me and we do text just about everyday. In the past 3 weeks, I’ve gone through a transition, moving, etc and he’s only called 2 times and thinks he’s made an effort in terms of communication with this relationship. This is not the first “silent” period of time we’ve had.",
"In addition, I find he prioritizes his work and children ahead of me. I do think this is an admirable quality on one hand, but on the other, it’s as if he has so much on his plate that he can’t deal with anything else, including me. He says he’s committed to only me and wants to make it work long term. I’ve told him I need more in terms of communicating.",
"Do I have unreasonable expectations with him? Do people really outgrow autism? I want to be fair with him as I do see a wonderful, caring person, but he continuously checks out without any notice which in return hurts me. When we work, it’s great, but then all of a sudden something will happen that makes it hard to be in a relationship with him. I do love him, but feel underappreciated in this relationship. It’s nothing I haven’t expressed to him... perhaps I’ve expressed it in the wrong way? I hate that he continues to text me and not talk these things out.",
"I am seeking to understand my part in this equation. How can he be so effective in some aspects of his life yet not in others? How can I better communicate with him based on what I’ve shared?",
"Im living with a roommate who has autism. if you could email me back personally that would be great. i have some questions i would like to ask.",
"This page sums me up. I am a eighteen year old with Asperger syndrome, and am still trying to learn how to cooperate with it as days go by. Thanks for the helpful page Steve Summers.",
"Dear Steve, Thank you very much for your insightful essay. I’ll be volunteering with Autistic artists soon, and I want to learn and understand as much as possible how they might think or feel so that we might best share and communicate. Your thoughts and writing are excellent– thank you so much for posting them! x",
"I have a twin sister that has Asperger’s She was sent to live with my aunt after elementary school because she was too violent for my grandmother to handle. She is now on a house where she has a house mate with also issues and there are workers that are there one at a time all the time to help them take care of themselves. I am becoming a nurse and hope that one day I can take care of her but I want to know what could be causing her to be so violent out of anger or how to get her to take a shower or do daily hygiene chores without a hatful up roar from her. She is very kind in nature but has little trust in others due to the way we were brought up. She respects me and listens to me but I have never had to do the hard stuff with her. She also has mild CP in her legs and feet. This makes things very difficult for her to get around and now has extreme edema in her legs which is quite scary to me. I want to save her from the hardened life she has had. How can I do that? Are there any tips to avoid anger or violent triggers?",
"I have been seeing a man for almost a year that is several years younger than me that I am sure is autistic. I have not asked him for fear of upsetting him. I have learned how to talk to him..know the second I have said something he can not comprehend.. normally me being sarcastic..learned how to not be so emotional...I now kinda freak a little when he actually looks me in the eye...but reading this has helped me in one aspect soooo much. I keep trying to get him to put a label on our relationship...are we dating...are we friends with benefits...are we boyfriend girlfriend...his response is always..” So I guess you want to get married ” I am always upset by this...why does dating have to lead to marriage??? Well because for him that is why you date...so logical in this illogical world...going to address this totally differently now...reading these sites is so helpful for the illogical people (like me) in this world. Thanks,",
"Thank you for this amazing post. I am on the autism spectrum and this brings tears to my eyes – I feel like I have found other people who understand my day to day struggles. Thank you for educating others and reaching out to people in hopes of fostering understanding.",
"this is very helpful for me because when i look for these things usually it’s from the perspective of a parent of an autistic child and is not taking into consideration how we actually feel, but instead how allistic people can “handle” being around autistics and it is usually in accurate. it’s hard for me to put this sort of thing into words when people ask me but this does a really exellent job and perfectly describes it. there really needs to be more stuff that is written with autustic people in mind by other autistic people insead of allistics thinking they can speak for us or on our behalf",
"I think this is great to be able to find this information, my son has autism and now that he is older as Berger syndrome and my boyfriend doesn’t understand autism now maybe he will stop thinking he needs to grow up and stop feeling like my son is rude! Maybe now he can just accept himfor the wonderful person he actually is! Thanks for sharing your story!",
"I love this post! It is very explanatory! I have aspergers/high functioning autism. Once I got let go of a job because they said “I ask too many questions” I was only there a week. They were supposed to train me for 6 hours but my trainer left me alone after just an hour.",
"Hello. I would also like to add to this. Please do not talk to us too fast. I sometimes cannot keep up with the conversation if you speak too fast. And if you’re going to give instructions, please write it down in bullet points. Most of us have terrible working memories. Thank you for the article, Steve. 🙂",
"Hi, I have an autistic neighbor and unlike you he has a much greater difficulty expressing himself coherently. He repeats the same questions and speaks of the same events all the time. I have lived next door since he was 11 years old and he is now 20. He loves to come over to my house a d visit, in fact it is many times a required ritual for him or he becomes extremely agitated. I would love to better communicate with him and even work with him in a manner that may benefit him and his abilities but I am unsure of how to proceed. It qould wonderful if I could expand my knowledge through your eyes as you have an insight that I cannot have. I hope this makes it to you and maybe we can further talk. My email is bflotim @yahoo.com. Thanks.",
"hello it has helped me a lot in my profession and understanding individual I work with do you have any thoughts or ideas on how I can encourage somebody to communicate with me about their feelings specifically in the area of getting along with their family this person is having a lot of difficulty and feels out of place within a family unit of siblings and parents specifically in the area of integration into her own immediate family family vacations board games walks together bike rides or any kind of family activity seems to send this individual off the deep end or into a tirade of angry accusations finger- pointing and total anger this person refuses to get counseling and is 19 years old anything you can do to point me in the right direction to alleviate some stress from her life or give her the opportunity to communicate her feelings with me would be wonderful hopefully I’m not asking for too much thank you again for any help you can give me",
"I was diagnosed with Asperger’s and then no other support at all. I’m finding it hard to find much information specifically related to Aspeger’s than autism as a whole. All I was told to do was look at videos on youtube, but they class it all as autism and I don’t feel as if I have anything in common with low functioning autistics.",
"My boss is autistic, and it has very nearly ruined my life and career. I believe the victims of workplace autism deserve a voice, and we should expect HR departments nationwide to adopt a coherent set of criteria and protections for those of us on the receiving end. I appreciate the need for empathy and patience, but those of us who are forced to endure, day after day, year after year, the bullying and sociopathy of autistic people deserve to be heard, too.",
"Hello. I agree with this. I am a Autistic Aspergers adult and I find my romantic relationship to be difficult. I noticed I can have the effects of OCD. It seems like if something doesn’t go right in my day, I get upset for the rest of the day and it affects my significant other. He constantly gets upset because I get that way and always wonders why I am like that. I’m not sure myself but I want to know if it’s associated with Autism or Aspergers. I feel like I may need therapy or a psychologist to help me understand. I don’t think my partner has done research and has gotten a good understanding of being in a relationship with a person with Autism because he thinks he doesn’t have to because he has an autistic sister. It’s gotten to the point where it is crippling my relationship. How do I get help with this?",
"Thanks, Steve! I’ve been able to intuit some of this from reading about some basic premises of how autism works, how autistic people experience the world and communication in general, but sometimes I’ve had a hard time explaining this to coworkers who don’t know anything about autism.. Some people get frustrated and defensive when they encounter difficulty in understanding or making themselves understood in conversation — especially with high- functioning autistic people such as yourself — because without obvious (perhaps visual?) cues, they assume that everyone they encounter perceives and understands everything exactly the same way that they do. When they fail to connect after a couple of tries, they feel embarrassed, get defensive and respond in an angry way because they don’t like feeling or appearing inadequate, especially if they’ve had trouble with communication before. Your clear descriptions, explanations and suggestions make a perfect list to share with them when I see this happening, because it’s not me telling them what to do — it comes from you directly, so they can see it from your perspective. I appreciate that you took the time to write this and post it!",
"Thank you for this post. I am a college professor and I currently have a student I believe to be autistic (he has discussed “various disabilities” – his words – but I am not sure exactly his diagnosis). In any case, I really want to connect with him and make sure he knows I care about his participation and enjoyment of our class. But I can’t read him or interpret his mood or attitude toward me or our class. Your post is really helpful in giving me a sense of how to best communicate with him on his terms. Feel free to offer more advice. (For example, should I call on him in class? Will he be uncomfortable if I ask him his preference (for being called on or not) one-to- one in my office hours in private? I know that each person is unique, but it really helps just to get some perspective – even if it may not be my student’s perspective, it’s nice to get some dialogue.)",
"I read this all and assume you didn’t lie about being autistic.I am really impressed how you tell other people how to treat the autistic ones.I came here because I want to help one boy.I once asked my art teacher if anyone is interesed in art like me she replied that there is one boy called Michael and added that he is autistic.I realised I wanted to meet him and help him.I looked at him in the corridor when people were bullying him.Sometimes told them to leave him alone and I was looking for an advice how to treat him because I decided to be the one who looks after him <33. (Not english , dont judge the language)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "10 Tips on How to Communicate with Autistic People – Autismum\n\nSkip to content\n\nAutismum\n\n# 10 Tips on How to Communicate with Autistic People\n\nAutismum7 May, 201231 May, 2012Autism, Communication, Guest\n\n## Guest Post by Steve Summers*\n\n1\\. Please always keep in mind that communication difficulties are common with\nAutism. We have difficulties in reading social cues and body language. Be\npatient and understanding.\n\n2\\. We tend to take things literally and have often trouble reading between\nthe lines. As a result, we may ask a lot of questions to clarify what is meant\nby something that you say. I have been told that I ask a lot of questions.\nDon’t be offended by this. It is our way of being sure that we understand what\nyou are telling us. We may repeat back to you in our own words to try and get\non the same page as you.\n\n3\\. If we misunderstand something that you say, please be patient and expand\non what you said and explain what you meant. Don’t assume a negative or\nhostile intent from us if we misunderstand something that you said. Keep in\nmind that communication can be difficult for us. Things that come naturally to\nyou take extra effort by us.\n\n4\\. Please don’t get offended by our communication style. We tend to be frank,\nhonest and matter of fact. Some people may interpret this as blunt or rude. We\ndon’t intend to offend you by not sugar coating the things that we say. We\ndon’t intend to be rude. Please don’t get defensive or assume that we are\nattacking you. Remember that communicating is hard for us. Don’t make negative\nassumptions. Too often we get corrected or attacked by someone who fails to\ngive us some slack and the benefit of the doubt.\n\n5\\. Please don’t expect eye contact. We may be able to force eye contact, but\nit is not comfortable for us. Making eye contact takes a conscious effort.\nThis effort may take away from listening and understanding what you are\nsaying. I tend to look at a person’s mouth more often than their eyes. Other\nautistic people will rarely look at your face. This is ok.\n\n6\\. Please keep in mind that we most likely have been rejected, excluded,\nridiculed or bullied in the past. If we seem anxious or insecure this may be\ndue to living in a world that misunderstands us and is often hostile to us. We\nhave to work hard to reach out to others. Please work at reaching back to us\nwith understanding and kindness. If we feel that you are ignoring us we will\nfeel bad about that. We may persist in asking for feedback from you. Please be\nreassuring and clearly express your support for us.\n\n7\\. Please don’t speak down to us. Treat us as equals. We may sound flat or\nhave an unusual tone to our voice. We may not speak with our voice at all. We\nmay need to type our words. Please be patient with us. It may take us a while\nto formulate our answers.\n\n8\\. Please don’t talk too loudly or yell at us. It is very jarring to us. It\nmakes me jump when someone comes up to me and talks too loudly. It is like\nhaving someone jump out in the dark yelling “BOO!” at me. It causes an\nadrenalin dump in my body. I don’t like this.\n\n9\\. Please do NOT touch us without warning. It will make us jump. We don’t\nlike unexpected touches.\n\n10\\. Please don’t assume that we lack empathy or emotion. We pick up on\nnegative or judgmental attitudes. We know when people look down on us or are\nhostile to us. We will shut down if you show us a lack of respect.\n\nPlease keep in mind that we are all different. These issues will vary from\nperson to person. The above tips are written from my perspective as an\nautistic person. This is just a guide. Feel free to ask me any questions so\nthat I may expand and clarify any areas that aren’t clear to you. Thank you\nfor reading this guide. ~ Steve Summers\n\n#### *Steve Summers\n\nI was diagnosed with Asperger Syndrome (part of the Autism Spectrum) as an\nadult. I was diagnosed following my 11-year-old son’s diagnosis with\nAspergers. I am happy to have my diagnosis. It was like a light being turned\non that illuminated my entire life in a new way. Now I understand why I never\nreally ‘fit in.’ It is like having a huge weight lifted off of my shoulders to\nhave my diagnosis.\n\nI don’t feel that people should make divisions between parts of the Autism\nSpectrum. I am autistic and I want to work to make the world a better, more\nunderstanding and accepting place for all autistic people. We need to work\ntogether for the benefit of all on the Autism Spectrum.\n\nI wrote this list due to continuing difficulties that I have had with the give\nand take of communicating with others. Many people seem too easily offended\nbecause they fail to understand these things about me. We all need\nunderstanding and acceptance.\n\nWant more guest posts? Click here\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\n### Related\n\nGuest Post\n\n## Published by Autismum\n\nView all posts by Autismum\n\n## 113 Comments\n\n 1. Shamim says:\n\n30 May, 2012 at 14:45\n\n>Hi Lucewoman and thankyou for cienmmtong. It is true what you say; just\nbecause someone wants to socialise it is assumed that they are not autistic.\nThe other wrong assumption that I have come across is the view that because\nsomeone is with other children that that child is socialising. Yet it is the\nnature of the interaction and communication that needs to be observed and\nlistened to rather than just observing them from afar in the playground.Hi\nLizbeth. I agree plus a girls symptoms of ASD can be more subtle and hardly\nrecognised or understood. But because they are subtle doesn’t mean they are\nany less difficult for her than a boy who may show his ASD in a more\nexpressive way such as my son.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Pingback: Pharaoh’s Article #2 For Summer Internship: 2012 Georgia Walk Now For Autism Speaks | Timotheus \"Pharaoh\" Gordon\n\n 3. linda says:\n\n26 June, 2012 at 00:50\n\nHi have 15 year old son with autism doing well in mainstream school but its\nalways hard from day to day!!!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Autismum says:\n\n26 June, 2012 at 01:16\n\nI have a relative of a similar age with Asperger’s. He is doing really well\nand has some wonderful friends but it’s clear he struggles sometimes too.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Pingback: One « Autismum\n\n 5. Mareika Holmes says:\n\n20 August, 2012 at 14:05\n\nI’m a NT and I find this info of great value...keep writing tips for the\ncommunit,so we can learn about how you think,\nprocess,interperate,dream,communicate back to us... NT’s. Great work\n\nReply\n\n 6. david says:\n\n20 August, 2012 at 17:36\n\nfor more understanding try the autism support network\n\nReply\n\n 7. Katrina Moody says:\n\n21 August, 2012 at 14:12\n\nGreat post about things that ring true whether you are an adult or child with\nautism. My aspie hubby still isn’t always able to look me in the eye, but I\nunderstand this about him. My guys would agree with most of this list as well\n– respect is the name of the game, for sure!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Autismum says:\n\n21 August, 2012 at 14:24\n\nThanks for dropping in xx\n\nReply\n\n 8. Pingback: Don’t Sweat the Small Stuff « Autismum\n\n 9. Pingback: “You can’t possibly know...” « Autismum\n\n 10. Pingback: I am Autistic and I am Tired. « Autismum\n\n 11. Pingback: Pharaoh’s Article #2 For Summer Internship: 2012 Georgia Walk Now For Autism Speaks « Abilities of the Arts\n\n 12. Restless Hands says:\n\n28 January, 2013 at 18:57\n\nThis is lovely... but I’m saddened that it’s needed. I have so many autie\nfriends that all these things are second nature to me now and I forget that\nmost NTs find them difficult!\n\nReply\n\n 13. Nicole says:\n\n17 April, 2013 at 16:25\n\nI’m really grateful for this article! A close friend of the family adopted an\nautistic kid and I was so excited to finally meet him. I prepared myself\nbefore this encounter to be able to communicate with the kid, as I know that\nit’s difficult to talk when it comes to autism. I found lots of well-written\narticles like this one, but it was hard to put the tips into action. When I\nmet the little boy, I was very nervous and everything I said appeared wrong to\nme. I felt really bad, even though I tried very hard. Everybody told me that\nthis was normal and I shouldn’t be too worried about it. But I was so\ndetermined to make the little boy feel safe around me, that I consulted a\nprofessional coach on a website called Your24hCoach. I told my coach about the\n“unsuccessful” encounter that day and he was really skilled! He kinda\nexplained the world to me from the eyes of an autistic person. All of a sudden\nI understood what it might be like to be autistic. Helped me a lot! The next\nencounter was successful for both of us 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 1. Autismum says:\n\n17 April, 2013 at 21:19\n\nThanks for your comment. I love that an autistic child has found a loving home\nand so much effort is being made to understand him. You are an amazing,\nsupportive friend.\n\nReply\n\n 14. sportsbooks basics says:\n\n17 May, 2013 at 13:32\n\nIt’s a shame you don’t have a donate button! I’d definitely donate to this\nexcellent blog! I suppose for now i’ll settle for book-marking and adding your\nRSS feed to my Google account. I look forward to new updates and will share\nthis site with my Facebook group. Chat soon!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Pingback: Guest Post: Autism and Conversational Differences | Autismum\n\n 16. Anon says:\n\n7 August, 2013 at 22:54\n\nTo Steve Summers: While this helps me understand things a bit better, I need\nto add that “honesty” is not always based on the truth, but on how you\nyourself feel about something. There are many things that influence this,\nincluding how you were raised, what you’ve seen around you etc. I mean, you\nare still making judgements and not always speaking of facts. I’m saying this\nsince a few months ago, an autistic acquaintance who I’d thought of as a new\nfriend said something that really hurt me very much, and it was not based on\nany facts, but on life as he saw it which may come from how some people around\nhim view things. I mean, he may have been repeating other people’s biases. So\nhe said this thing to me and it was very upsetting and really shook me up for\na while. When I tried to tell him that saying things like that are very\nhurtful and untrue and affect the other person’s self esteem, he only focussed\non himself and said, “I don’t like what you are saying, It upsets me”. Such a\nresponse can only seem selfish. Although he had also explained just before\nthis that he was autistic, it seemed that everything had to be about him. He’s\nautistic so I have to be nice to him and not tell him how he upset me, but he\ncan say what he likes to me and not learn not to make biased remarks around\none topic.\n\nTelling us to be patient is one thing but we all have areas where we can learn\nto respect others’ feelings and this should be mutual. The strongest feeling I\nhad in that situation was that he was chauvinistic and selfish, and using his\nproblem as his excuse. He was in his 30s and a professional who deals with\nmany people, so he can learn not to say certain things to people he hardly\nknows. And this one topic would have wrong for most people in this society.\n\nOn the other hand, I had a previous autistic acquaintance who was sometimes a\nlittle arrogant seeming and competitive, but I never knew him to make biased\nor cruel remarks. I know everyone is different, but people can still learn.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Sheogorath says:\n\n19 June, 2014 at 13:49\n\nTo Steve Summers: While this helps me understand things a bit better, I need\nto add that “honesty” is not always based on the truth, but on how you\nyourself feel about something. Actually, truth is how one feels about\nsomething. For example, somebody who truly believes they are Jesus will pass a\npolygraph with flying colours when answering “yes” upon being asked if they\nare Christ, even though that is not the fact.\n\nReply\n\n 17. ameisha says:\n\n1 September, 2013 at 02:57\n\nHi, I know someone who is autistic but he can not speak at all, he cn only\npronounce a couple of vowels. I tried to communicate nd play with him today as\nit was first time meetin him, I told him I was his friend as he asked me. He\nwas tryin to play clapping game with me and asked to tie shoelaces however I\nthink that he is very clever in some aspects considering he can not\ncommunicate like he can always find his way back to places! Please give me\nadvice for him as I think he is severely autistic.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Autismum says:\n\n1 September, 2013 at 23:41\n\nHiya, I will let Steve know you are asking for advice. In the meantime the\nblog tiny grace notes is a wonderful source of info and you may want to try We\nAre Like Your Child – a wonderful blog written by autistic people for non\nautistic people.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Dan says:\n\n10 September, 2013 at 10:28\n\nI feel like you captured a lot of me in your guidelines. We are obviously\ndifferent people and don’t necessarily exhibit the same symptoms, but I almost\nfelt like you were talking about me. For once, I know that someone else\ntotally gets it. Thank you. =)\n\nReply\n\n 1. Autistic Aloha says:\n\n30 September, 2013 at 04:19\n\nYou are very welcome. It really helps me as well to know that I am not alone.\nOthers have very similar experiences. It is great to hear someone say, “Me\ntoo!” We don’t feel so alone or isolated when we know that others are going\nthrough these issues as well.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Autistic Aloha says:\n\n30 September, 2013 at 04:25\n\nReblogged this on Autistic Aloha and commented: Go check out the wonderful\nblog, Autismum. I have some guest posts hosted over there from before I began\nmy own blog. This ’10 Tips’ blog post is one that has been very popular. Go\ncheck out the other posts as well on Autismum.com. Lot’s of great reading\nthere! ❤\n\nReply\n\n 20. Donald Belanger says:\n\n30 September, 2013 at 14:41\n\nI have an 18year old son who is severely autistic and non verbal. it has\nalways amazed me what the reaction of other children in a public place such as\nthe supermarket is. adults tend to stare at us more than the kids do.\n\nReply\n\n 21. ilene richards says:\n\n12 October, 2013 at 00:49\n\nReally appreciate ur comments and am taking them very seriously I do have one\nquestion: How does one listen to non verbal person and communicate with him?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Autistic Aloha says:\n\n17 October, 2013 at 21:30\n\nMay I suggest that you check out this blog by my non-speaking Autistic friend,\nAmy Sequenzia?\n\n‘Non-Speaking Autistic Speaking’ – “I am a non-speaking Autistic activist,\nwriter and poet. Once said to be less than human, I found my voice and I now\nmake sure I am heard. ...” ~ Amy Sequenzia\n\nhttp://nonspeakingautisticspeaking.blogspot.com/\n\nReply\n\n 22. Christina says:\n\n17 October, 2013 at 18:29\n\nNice answer back in return of this issue with solid arguments and explaining\neverything regarding that.\n\nReply\n\n 23. Gresa says:\n\n19 December, 2013 at 13:40\n\nHi , my daughter is two and was reacently diagnosed with autisem . Eventhough\nI try to read as much as I can find about Autisem , I cant seem to find out\nwhat’s the best way to interackt with my child. If anyone has any advice that\nwould be very helpfull:)\n\nReply\n\n 24. Marianne says:\n\n30 December, 2013 at 03:04\n\nOne more thought about communicating with a person with Asbergers. I have\nfound that my older son enjoys texting much more than a phone call.\nCommunication is very important and we need to figure out a way to keep in\ntouch. Telephones scare him while texting is very non threatening.\n\nReply\n\n 25. Pingback: What do I need to know about a student with autism? // Autism Awareness Centre\n\n 26. Gabby says:\n\n19 March, 2014 at 14:29\n\nmy friend somewhat, suffers from austim, we just figured it out, i am trying\nto help her, it is tough, but we will make it through, please send her your\nthoughts and prayers thank you for this great site,\n\nReply\n\n 27. http://www.adobe.com/ says:\n\n23 March, 2014 at 12:33\n\nI’m amazed, I have to admit. Seldom do I come across a blog that’s both\neducative and engaging, and let me tell you, you’ve hit the nail on the head.\nThe issue is something too few folks are speaking intelligently about. Now i’m\nvery happy that I came across this in my search for something regarding this.\n\nReply\n\n 28. floodedroses says:\n\n27 March, 2014 at 12:43\n\nI have a younger cousin with Autism, he has been diagnosed and it is official.\nHe is 2 years old and all I want to do is talk to him as he always is walking\naway, or he says random words and..I dont know, how do I talk to him?\n\nReply\n\n 29. Pingback: What in the World Is Going On, September 2012 Edition // Autism Awareness Centre\n\n 30. edison says:\n\n27 May, 2014 at 10:04\n\nhi there.. I have several friends who are autistic and I wish to communicate\nwith them. at the same time I’m afraid of hurting them. do you mind replying\nme via email, then can I ask you questions? thank you for this post.\n\nReply\n\n 31. Fred says:\n\n5 June, 2014 at 03:46\n\nI have just started to work with mentally disordered adults and have one young\nman who is severely autistic. I’m so glad I connected with this site as I want\nso badly to be able to help him. I will continue to use patience and listen\nmore to “body language” than what he may or may not be saying. My job is to\nhelp my clients become more self sufficient and develop the self worth that\nhas been beat our of them over the years. I am working through our local\ncommunity services and have had very little experience it this area. Thanks\nfor the insight you’ve been able to provide.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Autismum says:\n\n5 June, 2014 at 21:48\n\nThank you so much. Steve, the author of this post, now has his own blog which\nis just fantastic! You might want to check it out\nhttp://autisticaloha.wordpress.com\n\nReply\n\n 32. Pingback: Communicating with Autistic Patients | Transparent Medicine\n\n 33. Earl Pollitt says:\n\n26 June, 2014 at 04:04\n\ni get frustrated by a friend who i am sure is autistic. he will recall the\npast and be insistent that is what happened when it is not case something else\nhappened. his attitude of being right is difficult to take and last nite wore\nme down as he recalled 2 or 3 experiences.\n\nReply\n\n 34. livingasd says:\n\n16 September, 2014 at 17:06\n\nmy son is 3 and has been diagnosed with ASD he does not say a word or have any\nway to communicate with us. he gets so frustrated that we don’t understand\nhim. any tips on how to help deal with this frustration that can lead to awful\nmeltdowns?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Marie says:\n\n24 February, 2015 at 19:50\n\nThe pediatric team who made the diagnosis should usually have a team of\nexperts at hand ready to help your son and your family with these type of\nchallenges; assuming that his hearing etc have been checked – have you tried\nsign language or a simplified version fo sign language?\n\nReply\n\n 35. Pingback: Как общаться с аутистами? | Фонд Выход, проблемы аутизма в России\n\n 36. Elizabeth says:\n\n7 November, 2014 at 19:10\n\nHi, Do u ever stop communicating for weeks at a time with someone that u like,\nor does this mean u don ‘t like them when u ignore phone calls and texts?\nPlease help me. Thank you 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 37. brookesw says:\n\n17 November, 2014 at 16:00\n\nThank you for this post! My husband has a difficult time communicating with me\n(I’m autistic) and I think this is a concise and straightforward way of\nexplaining my what I have been trying to articulate politely for years\n\nReply\n\n 38. sitagaia says:\n\n16 December, 2014 at 05:58\n\nThank you so much for sharing this useful list. I will be sure to keep them in\nmind when interacting with people on the Autism Spectrum.\n\nReply\n\n 39. Mandy Johnson says:\n\n18 December, 2014 at 19:11\n\nThank you. This is really helpful.\n\nReply\n\n 40. Helped parent says:\n\n2 January, 2015 at 08:16\n\nThank you for all these comments and to Steve. My 47 year old son has just\nbeen diagnosed with ASD and also his 14 year old son. MY son is very pleased\nabout the diagnosis as he too feels as though a weight has been lifted from\nhim. I welcome these posts as finally I can understand some ot the problems we\nhave had\n\nReply\n\n 41. Roz says:\n\n8 January, 2015 at 12:54\n\nThanks for the tips. I’ve got a couple of friends with aspergers, and I’ve\nnever had any trouble communicating with them, but I wanted to make sure I was\ndoing right by my autistic customers at work!\n\nReply\n\n 42. Diskthing says:\n\n20 February, 2015 at 14:30\n\nThe problem isn’t in the communication skills of the aspie, it’s the social\nlanguage barrier between aspies and nt’s.\n\nReply\n\n 43. Diskthing says:\n\n20 February, 2015 at 14:33\n\nThe problem isn’t in the communication skills of the aspie, it’s the social\nlanguage barrier between aspies and nt’s.\n\nReply\n\n 44. Ian says:\n\n8 March, 2015 at 23:13\n\nI have had a bad past of being bullied but I have not let that get to me , I\nhave got a full time job an also passed my driving test . I do my best every\nday to reach my goals an to become a more confident person\n\nReply\n\n 45. Buddlejah says:\n\n14 March, 2015 at 15:57\n\nhttp://realsocialskills.org/post/113412957742/social-skills-noticing-when-\nrepetition-is\n\nReply\n\n 46. Pingback: Yuk, Kita Berinteraksi dengan Individu Autis!\n\n 47. alberto quintero says:\n\n3 April, 2015 at 00:28\n\nHi I have a son 6 I was in and out of his life. We spent time together. The\nmother of my son says he remember s me from pictures. I just really want him\nto know I love him. I know going in to detail about life isnt going to be\nhelpfully. I just want the best way to come at him. Don’t want to over do it\nand scare him. Hopefully u can help me seeing him in a week\n\nReply\n\n 48. Earl Pollitt says:\n\n3 April, 2015 at 00:39\n\nExcellent great clear communication. It will help with those I interact with.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Pingback: people with autism | Autism Speaks Spectrum Disorder\n\n 50. Travis says:\n\n21 April, 2015 at 14:48\n\nI am working with an autistic person. I work and live in a house he bought\nsight unseen. My job is to rehabilitate the property. i get frustrated because\nthere are several requests that he makes that are sometimes not normal. I want\nto communicate with him effectively but sometimes I’m not sure. There have\nbeen several instances where he is absolutely sure that his way is the right\nway and when I try to tell him that there is a better way, he won’t budge.\nIt’s like he doesn’t trust me. Help.\n\nReply\n\n 51. Jing says:\n\n26 April, 2015 at 14:57\n\nThank you so much for writing this. My husband and I have a hard time after we\nget married because of our communication issue. This comes into my mind\nbecause my husband showed a lot of symptoms of autism including the ones that\nyou listed here and others that I read other places. Just as you said it is\nlike a light is turned on now we are working together to communicate better\nand have more understanding and respect for each other. For adults, it is more\nimportant to know the diagnosis because they are assumed to function well in\nthe society. Thank you so much! -Jing\n\nReply\n\n 52. Mich says:\n\n3 May, 2015 at 05:11\n\nHello Steve, I am married to wonderful man who has been diagnosed with ASD. I\nhave difficulty understanding how to speak to him and how to interpret what he\nis saying to me without getting upset. I love him deeply and must learn how to\ndo so urgently. Could you elaborate on effective ways to express respect and\nlove to an autistic person that is deeply hurt and afraid.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Benedict Roff-Marsh says:\n\n5 June, 2015 at 23:10\n\nHi Mich\n\nWell #1 thing here is that you love him and think he is wonderful. He needs to\nknow that.\n\nUs Aspies take everything in. We just don’t necessarily process, or act on,\nthe same bits you do. We tend to prioritize the logical aspects over the\nemotive – which is pretty well the opposite of what you may well do. If you\nsay things that make sense to you but the logic of the words means something\nelse then hubby will be lost. My ex did this all the time and when I\nquestioned to clarify she would just repeat and repeat the same thing with\nescalating anger. I would try to be more logical about the issue. Not a good\noutcome for either of us. Learn to make a better match between what you mean\nand the actual words you say.\n\nAlso watch that if you are upset with the world that he will (probably) assume\nyou are upset with him if you don’t keep your anger clearly on the right\nobject. He will (also probably) try making very logical suggestions on how to\nproceed. Don’t ignore him as this is how we help. If he has decent social\nskills (as I assume he does seeing you married him) then he may well have very\ngood advice.\n\nCheck to see he isn’t depressed (even mildly). Sadly this isn’t too uncommon\nfor us as we get frustrated with the world easily as we feel trapped, esp when\nthose closest to us shut us down or out.\n\nBest of luck and remember to show him you love him in simple and clear ways\nand you are at least half way there.\n\n🙂\n\nReply\n\n 53. Pingback: My Social Skills – Part 2 | Ambiguous Pieces\n\n 54. Kelly says:\n\n16 September, 2015 at 18:13\n\nSteve, your response to Mitch helps me understand some questions I’ve been\nstruggling with, especially when you reference logical responses versus\nemotional responses/actions. If you could further respond to your thoughts on\nmy situation, I would greatly appreciate it.\n\nI have been dating someone for the past 6 months that was diagnosed with\nautism at an early age, but feels he’s grown out of it in his adult years. He\nis very successful in his career and seems to be a wonderful father. So I\ncompare our relationship to one that is “normal” in terms of communication. To\nmake matters more complicated, we are in a long distance relationship. I\njumped right into a relationship when I first met him, almost too quickly, but\nI went with it. We saw each other as much as possible, talked on the phone,\nand facetimed whenever possible.\n\nFast-forward, he now mostly texts me when it seems convenient for him, but he\ndoes always text that he loves me and we do text just about everyday. In the\npast 3 weeks, I’ve gone through a transition, moving, etc and he’s only called\n2 times and thinks he’s made an effort in terms of communication with this\nrelationship. This is not the first “silent” period of time we’ve had.\n\nIn addition, I find he prioritizes his work and children ahead of me. I do\nthink this is an admirable quality on one hand, but on the other, it’s as if\nhe has so much on his plate that he can’t deal with anything else, including\nme. He says he’s committed to only me and wants to make it work long term.\nI’ve told him I need more in terms of communicating.\n\nDo I have unreasonable expectations with him? Do people really outgrow autism?\nI want to be fair with him as I do see a wonderful, caring person, but he\ncontinuously checks out without any notice which in return hurts me. When we\nwork, it’s great, but then all of a sudden something will happen that makes it\nhard to be in a relationship with him. I do love him, but feel\nunderappreciated in this relationship. It’s nothing I haven’t expressed to\nhim... perhaps I’ve expressed it in the wrong way? I hate that he continues to\ntext me and not talk these things out.\n\nI am seeking to understand my part in this equation. How can he be so\neffective in some aspects of his life yet not in others? How can I better\ncommunicate with him based on what I’ve shared?\n\nReply\n\n 55. Jamie says:\n\n17 September, 2015 at 01:13\n\nIm living with a roommate who has autism. if you could email me back\npersonally that would be great. i have some questions i would like to ask.\n\nReply\n\n 56. Unnown says:\n\n24 September, 2015 at 18:13\n\nThis is very helpful\n\nReply\n\n 57. Pingback: Uno at OCA | Re-envisioning Our COMmunity\n\n 58. Pingback: Continue to Adapt and Grow Closer | Re-envisioning Our COMmunity\n\n 59. Randy says:\n\n2 November, 2015 at 15:47\n\nThis page sums me up. I am a eighteen year old with Asperger syndrome, and am\nstill trying to learn how to cooperate with it as days go by. Thanks for the\nhelpful page Steve Summers.\n\nReply\n\n 60. Linda says:\n\n10 December, 2015 at 18:16\n\nDear Steve, Thank you very much for your insightful essay. I’ll be\nvolunteering with Autistic artists soon, and I want to learn and understand as\nmuch as possible how they might think or feel so that we might best share and\ncommunicate. Your thoughts and writing are excellent– thank you so much for\nposting them! x\n\nReply\n\n 61. Heather says:\n\n29 December, 2015 at 14:52\n\nI have a twin sister that has Asperger’s She was sent to live with my aunt\nafter elementary school because she was too violent for my grandmother to\nhandle. She is now on a house where she has a house mate with also issues and\nthere are workers that are there one at a time all the time to help them take\ncare of themselves. I am becoming a nurse and hope that one day I can take\ncare of her but I want to know what could be causing her to be so violent out\nof anger or how to get her to take a shower or do daily hygiene chores without\na hatful up roar from her. She is very kind in nature but has little trust in\nothers due to the way we were brought up. She respects me and listens to me\nbut I have never had to do the hard stuff with her. She also has mild CP in\nher legs and feet. This makes things very difficult for her to get around and\nnow has extreme edema in her legs which is quite scary to me. I want to save\nher from the hardened life she has had. How can I do that? Are there any tips\nto avoid anger or violent triggers?\n\nReply\n\n 62. Dawn Moroney says:\n\n21 March, 2016 at 21:26\n\nI have been seeing a man for almost a year that is several years younger than\nme that I am sure is autistic. I have not asked him for fear of upsetting him.\nI have learned how to talk to him..know the second I have said something he\ncan not comprehend.. normally me being sarcastic..learned how to not be so\nemotional...I now kinda freak a little when he actually looks me in the\neye...but reading this has helped me in one aspect soooo much. I keep trying\nto get him to put a label on our relationship...are we dating...are we friends\nwith benefits...are we boyfriend girlfriend...his response is always..” So I\nguess you want to get married ” I am always upset by this...why does dating\nhave to lead to marriage??? Well because for him that is why you date...so\nlogical in this illogical world...going to address this totally differently\nnow...reading these sites is so helpful for the illogical people (like me) in\nthis world. Thanks,\n\nReply\n\n 63. Unknown says:\n\n22 March, 2016 at 05:33\n\nThank you for this amazing post. I am on the autism spectrum and this brings\ntears to my eyes – I feel like I have found other people who understand my day\nto day struggles. Thank you for educating others and reaching out to people in\nhopes of fostering understanding.\n\nReply\n\n 64. Phoenix Roy says:\n\n21 May, 2016 at 02:47\n\nthis is very helpful for me because when i look for these things usually it’s\nfrom the perspective of a parent of an autistic child and is not taking into\nconsideration how we actually feel, but instead how allistic people can\n“handle” being around autistics and it is usually in accurate. it’s hard for\nme to put this sort of thing into words when people ask me but this does a\nreally exellent job and perfectly describes it. there really needs to be more\nstuff that is written with autustic people in mind by other autistic people\ninsead of allistics thinking they can speak for us or on our behalf\n\nReply\n\n 65. Tammy Cannon says:\n\n23 July, 2016 at 02:41\n\nI think this is great to be able to find this information, my son has autism\nand now that he is older as Berger syndrome and my boyfriend doesn’t\nunderstand autism now maybe he will stop thinking he needs to grow up and stop\nfeeling like my son is rude! Maybe now he can just accept himfor the wonderful\nperson he actually is! Thanks for sharing your story!\n\nReply\n\n 66. Lindsey says:\n\n4 August, 2016 at 17:19\n\nI love this post! It is very explanatory! I have aspergers/high functioning\nautism. Once I got let go of a job because they said “I ask too many\nquestions” I was only there a week. They were supposed to train me for 6 hours\nbut my trainer left me alone after just an hour.\n\nReply\n\n 67. Nashama says:\n\n7 August, 2016 at 00:57\n\nHello. I would also like to add to this. Please do not talk to us too fast. I\nsometimes cannot keep up with the conversation if you speak too fast. And if\nyou’re going to give instructions, please write it down in bullet points. Most\nof us have terrible working memories. Thank you for the article, Steve. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 68. Tim LeBarron says:\n\n10 October, 2016 at 09:33\n\nHi, I have an autistic neighbor and unlike you he has a much greater\ndifficulty expressing himself coherently. He repeats the same questions and\nspeaks of the same events all the time. I have lived next door since he was 11\nyears old and he is now 20. He loves to come over to my house a d visit, in\nfact it is many times a required ritual for him or he becomes extremely\nagitated. I would love to better communicate with him and even work with him\nin a manner that may benefit him and his abilities but I am unsure of how to\nproceed. It qould wonderful if I could expand my knowledge through your eyes\nas you have an insight that I cannot have. I hope this makes it to you and\nmaybe we can further talk. My email is bflotim @yahoo.com. Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 69. Karen Taylor says:\n\n10 October, 2016 at 19:52\n\nhello it has helped me a lot in my profession and understanding individual I\nwork with do you have any thoughts or ideas on how I can encourage somebody to\ncommunicate with me about their feelings specifically in the area of getting\nalong with their family this person is having a lot of difficulty and feels\nout of place within a family unit of siblings and parents specifically in the\narea of integration into her own immediate family family vacations board games\nwalks together bike rides or any kind of family activity seems to send this\nindividual off the deep end or into a tirade of angry accusations finger-\npointing and total anger this person refuses to get counseling and is 19 years\nold anything you can do to point me in the right direction to alleviate some\nstress from her life or give her the opportunity to communicate her feelings\nwith me would be wonderful hopefully I’m not asking for too much thank you\nagain for any help you can give me\n\nReply\n\n 70. J Jones says:\n\n7 November, 2016 at 03:39\n\nI was diagnosed with Asperger’s and then no other support at all. I’m finding\nit hard to find much information specifically related to Aspeger’s than autism\nas a whole. All I was told to do was look at videos on youtube, but they class\nit all as autism and I don’t feel as if I have anything in common with low\nfunctioning autistics.\n\nReply\n\n 71. Russell Smiley says:\n\n13 December, 2016 at 02:45\n\nMy boss is autistic, and it has very nearly ruined my life and career. I\nbelieve the victims of workplace autism deserve a voice, and we should expect\nHR departments nationwide to adopt a coherent set of criteria and protections\nfor those of us on the receiving end. I appreciate the need for empathy and\npatience, but those of us who are forced to endure, day after day, year after\nyear, the bullying and sociopathy of autistic people deserve to be heard, too.\n\nReply\n\n 72. Ana says:\n\n28 February, 2017 at 17:35\n\nHello. I agree with this. I am a Autistic Aspergers adult and I find my\nromantic relationship to be difficult. I noticed I can have the effects of\nOCD. It seems like if something doesn’t go right in my day, I get upset for\nthe rest of the day and it affects my significant other. He constantly gets\nupset because I get that way and always wonders why I am like that. I’m not\nsure myself but I want to know if it’s associated with Autism or Aspergers. I\nfeel like I may need therapy or a psychologist to help me understand. I don’t\nthink my partner has done research and has gotten a good understanding of\nbeing in a relationship with a person with Autism because he thinks he doesn’t\nhave to because he has an autistic sister. It’s gotten to the point where it\nis crippling my relationship. How do I get help with this?\n\nReply\n\n 73. Gillian says:\n\n9 March, 2017 at 03:03\n\nThanks, Steve! I’ve been able to intuit some of this from reading about some\nbasic premises of how autism works, how autistic people experience the world\nand communication in general, but sometimes I’ve had a hard time explaining\nthis to coworkers who don’t know anything about autism.. Some people get\nfrustrated and defensive when they encounter difficulty in understanding or\nmaking themselves understood in conversation — especially with high-\nfunctioning autistic people such as yourself — because without obvious\n(perhaps visual?) cues, they assume that everyone they encounter perceives and\nunderstands everything exactly the same way that they do. When they fail to\nconnect after a couple of tries, they feel embarrassed, get defensive and\nrespond in an angry way because they don’t like feeling or appearing\ninadequate, especially if they’ve had trouble with communication before. Your\nclear descriptions, explanations and suggestions make a perfect list to share\nwith them when I see this happening, because it’s not me telling them what to\ndo — it comes from you directly, so they can see it from your perspective. I\nappreciate that you took the time to write this and post it!\n\nReply\n\n 74. D.S. says:\n\n24 March, 2017 at 23:10\n\nThank you for this post. I am a college professor and I currently have a\nstudent I believe to be autistic (he has discussed “various disabilities” –\nhis words – but I am not sure exactly his diagnosis). In any case, I really\nwant to connect with him and make sure he knows I care about his participation\nand enjoyment of our class. But I can’t read him or interpret his mood or\nattitude toward me or our class. Your post is really helpful in giving me a\nsense of how to best communicate with him on his terms. Feel free to offer\nmore advice. (For example, should I call on him in class? Will he be\nuncomfortable if I ask him his preference (for being called on or not) one-to-\none in my office hours in private? I know that each person is unique, but it\nreally helps just to get some perspective – even if it may not be my student’s\nperspective, it’s nice to get some dialogue.)\n\nReply\n\n 75. oliwia b says:\n\n30 March, 2017 at 19:20\n\nI read this all and assume you didn’t lie about being autistic.I am really\nimpressed how you tell other people how to treat the autistic ones.I came here\nbecause I want to help one boy.I once asked my art teacher if anyone is\ninteresed in art like me she replied that there is one boy called Michael and\nadded that he is autistic.I realised I wanted to meet him and help him.I\nlooked at him in the corridor when people were bullying him.Sometimes told\nthem to leave him alone and I was looking for an advice how to treat him\nbecause I decided to be the one who looks after him <33\\. (Not english , dont\njudge the language)\n\nReply\n\n### Tell me what you think Cancel reply\n\n## Top Posts & Pages\n\n * 10 Tips on How to Communicate with Autistic People\n * Grounds for New Inquest\n * Polly Tommey\n\nNavigation by WebRing.\n\n| This site is a member of WebRing. To browse visit here. \n--- \n \n## More Autismum\n\nCreate a free website or blog at WordPress.com.\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.autistichoya.com/2012/09/what-they-should-be-talking-about.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211002201752/https://www.autistichoya.com/2012/09/what-they-should-be-talking-about.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Autistic Hoya — A blog by Lydia X. Z. Brown: What They Should Be Talking About",
"passages": [
"\"The trouble is that once you see it, you can't unsee it. And once you've seen it, keeping quiet, saying nothing, becomes as political an act as speaking out. There is no innocence. Either way, you're accountable.\" — Arundhati Roy",
"Today is Saturday, the eighth of September. I am standing near Farragut outside the National Geographic Museum while hundreds (possibly thousands, but probably only hundreds) of mostly non- Autistic people gather a fifteen minute walk away in Foggy Bottom for Autism Speaks's annual Autism Law Summit at George Washington Law School, which is not so coincidentally the home of an enormous Autism $peaks chapter (and unfortunately, the home of a few excellent disability studies theorists.) Welcome to the District. I hope you're enjoying the awful, awful gales and the absolute sheets of torrentially downpouring water. Oh, and the copious thunder and lightning too. I also hope you're enjoying the mosquitoes and terrible humidity. We did this just for you, to let you know just how welcome you are. (And there goes the booming crash and roll of thunder.)",
"Most of you, perhaps even all of you, will never read this blog post. That's okay. I don't expect you to. (Some of the staff at your national office, however, are another story. They don't like it much when people criticize you.) But I'm writing for the benefit of those well-meaning souls who'd like to know just what they can do to support the lives and needs of real Autistic people right now, but maybe have the wrong ideas about how exactly to do that. Some of you may be standing here in the storm, or trying to hide indoors from it. Or you might be sitting in front of your computer at home, breathing a sigh of relief that you're not here with me in D.C. (The weather truly is horrid.)",
"The Autism Law Summit happening right now is about insurance reform to \"cover autism.\" Let me translate that. The Autism Law Summit happening right now is about how to lobby for legislation that will mandate insurance coverage of interventions like \"ABA.\" ABA (applied behavior analysis) is the modern form of B. F. Skinner and Ivar Lovaas's theory of behaviorism as applied with vicious and efficient cruelty to the lives of thousands of Autistic children and youth across America. While the ethical, monitored use of it may be beneficial in the case of life-threatening behaviors, its uninhibited use and abuse is a great way to induce internalized ableism, self-hatred, and post- traumatic stress disorder. Many Autistic adults who were put through ABA as children now have PTSD. Those who weren't subjected to it seem less likely to have PTSD. Let me put it this way -- what the people at the Judge Rotenberg Center do? Yeah, that's ABA. An extreme and very patently obviously abusive form of it, but ABA nevertheless.",
"I would like all of you currently sitting at George Washington Law grateful to be indoors and out of the storm, know what I think the priorities in law as applied to Autistics should be.",
"Rather than focusing on laws that will reassure you that it is not merely legal but legally sanctioned to subject your children to therapies focused on normalization, making them indistinguishable from their peers, and suppressing natural ways of speaking and moving, you should be concerned about what is happening to them at school. You should be concerned about what unscrupulous advocates and judicial officials are urging you to do to your children when they leave high school. You should be concerned because Autistic children are disproportionately likely to be referred to the juvenile justice system for behavior and offenses that would not result in such referrals for typical children. You should be concerned because Autistic youth and adults are disproportionately likely to be determined unable to work, inappropriately reerred to sheltered workshops, and subjected to egregious abuses in the world of employment. You should be concerned because another state (Florida) was just added to the list of states in trouble for violating Olmstead.",
"The treatment that we receive as sanctioned by the law, under existing laws, and because there are few laws to protect our rights is a direct result of the narrow-minded focus on \"what will help us make our children more normal.\" This provincial lens serves not merely to deny your children opportunities now, but to reinforce old prejudices and systems of belief that allow these legal institutions to be perpetuated. The law affects our lives, for better or worse, across the lifespan.",
"Less than half of all states have statutory limitations on the use of restraint and seclusion in schools, and only slightly more have strict regulations against their use. Only six states have statutorily mandated education about autism for police and first responders. Not one state keeps records on hate crimes committed against the disabled, and neither does the federal government. Several states still maintain institutions, and people like me remain confined there without access to, much less integration into, their own communities on the other side of the gates.",
"If you are going to talk about autism and the law, talk about what you can do in policy, regulations, and legislation to advance full inclusion in schools, provision of integrated and inclusive work opportunities doing meaningful work, prohibit adverse discrimination in healthcare and medical decisions, end segregation and institionalization in housing opportunities, promoting the education and empowerment of Autistic youth and adults to influence local, state, or national policy, and ending abuses and violations of our fundamental human rights everywhere. We don't need or want ways to make us more normal. We want our human and civil rights, and we want to be treated as fellow human beings and citizens under the law the same as everyone else.",
"We want laws that will prevent hospitals from denying us eligibility for transplants on the basis of false assumptions about our quality of life and how we live. We want laws that will prevent clinicians with PhDs from electric shocking us like lab experiments for looking at them the wrong way. We want laws that will ensure that when people kill us, they go to prison just as they would if the victim had been nondisabled. We want laws that will ensure our just and equitable treatment in the criminal justice system. We want laws that will challenge and end all segregation and institutionalization.",
"These are the laws that are important to us. Why aren't we there, at this \"Autism Law Summit?\" Why aren't these issues being discussed? Because in the end, this summit happening not too far from where I sit isn't about us, after all. It's about pandering to ableist notions of what should be done to Autistic children in the name of normalization, and it's about being able to claim that they're doing something important and meaningful while ignoring the real issues. While ignoring our murders, both active and passive, and while ignoring a long train of abuses perpetrated against us because the law either permits it or looks the other way. And because of that, thank you, but I'm content to stay in Farragut this afternoon. Enjoy the storm.",
"What's the difference between learning more helpful behaviours and trying to make a kid more normal? Would you argue that there isn't one? If I can help a child learn communication skills or provide sensory experiences that decrease a kids need to engage in faecal smearing, isn't that a good thing? If A.B.A. helps me understand the environmental aspects that provide a distressing experience for a child then doesn't it have some value? I completely agree that Autism Speaks holds a deficit view of Autistics, they do not speak for me or my family, but where are the lines? When my 8 year old is swearing at me and destroying our home I put him in a bear hug, which enrages him more but calms him eventually, what would you have me do for him instead? I live this, draw me some lines..",
"1. AnonymousSeptember 10, 2012 at 10:08 PM\nI can only speak to my own case. But for myself, learning more adaptive behaviors and living skills, and trying to be more normal, were not only very different things, they were mutually exclusive.",
"We have to do things in ways that work for us, that work with and not against how our nervous systems work. And things got a lot better for me when I quit trying to be like other people, accepted that I would never be normal, and got down to learning how to do what I needed to be able to do, and to deal with the world in ways that worked well for me.",
"(Fear, sadness, or grief in autistic people often looks like anger or aggression--is there a reason that this could be the case with your son?)",
"2. HannahSeptember 11, 2012 at 12:53 AM\nAbsolutely, there are 100s of reasons... Perceiving the differences between himself and other students, not feeling liked, the death of his mother.. fear, fear, fear, fear that me and his dad will die..",
"But what he needs to do is deal with the NORMAL issues living in community brings. So if we are eating dinner as a family, but he doesn't want to join us he accepts the consequences of that action (aka no ice cream) that's fine... but what if he wants something he cant do for himself during that time? The natural consequences of that are that he has to wait until we are finished, right? My boy knows this at the beginning of the day, at the end of the day he doesn't know this, at the end of the day he goes into full melt-down, which is also fine, except that his melt-downs are dangerous for everyone.... So now what? If he cant respond to my suggestions like, find a calm place, read a story, listen to his ipod, play the drums whatever and his dangerous behaviours persist, what should I do? If I ignore it or put him in a separate space, I am showing him that he doesn't belong to us. If I hold him and wait with him, in a way that protects us both, he still belongs to us, his behaviour has been addressed and our community laws have been upheld. Sometimes, when I visit here I read that restraint is unacceptable, I don't know what you would have me do.. Obviously it is unacceptable to hurt anyone and you may argue that, that's exactly what I'm doing. Maybe someone can tell me something else I should be doing with a swearing, throwing, hitting 8 year old? (I know I sound pissed but I'm actually thankful for your reply)",
"3. AnonymousSeptember 11, 2012 at 11:38 PM\nNo, it's okay...I would be scared and frustrated. And unfortunately, this is where my individual knowledge breaks down, because I wasn't that kind of a kid...I was the kind that internalized all the rage and fear and was constantly imploding in ways that no one else could see....which is just a different can of worms.",
"Lydia/community...are there parents we know of who have more physically challenging young children who might have good suggestions? Off the top of my head...is there any way that he could have a safe place in the house to go to to work off that kind of physical rage? Like with pillows that he's allowed to kick or punch?",
"4. HannahSeptember 13, 2012 at 5:38 AM\nDo you know I've just been reading some more blogs written by autistic adults describing their experiences of ABA.. I've never seen \"therapy\" like that in Australia... ABA is used to literally plot a childs behaviour to help identify patterns and causes so that adults can manage the environment better and then offer positive reinforcement to encourage other behaviours.. there's no punishment.. just rewards. Some of the things I've been reading about are really scary. At home we do pillow and doona screams, mattress punches, jumping on the trampoline, long walks, we climb and play fight. But melt downs are melt downs. They are decreasing in volatility long term. I am mostly terrified that I am hurting him in ways I cant understand... I'm very critical of where I get my parenting information from. I would much rather advice from someone who has a personal experience of neuro-diversity, than some overpaid government employee who wants to look at my child in an iddy biddy box. So.... hence the ranting on Lydia's blog.. Thank you for your tolerance Lydia.",
"5. AnonymousSeptember 14, 2012 at 12:33 PM\nThat's great to hear that they're decreasing in volatility long-term. (Long walks are one of my favorite things.)",
"I thought of something last night...and it's so basic that I'm embarrassed that I didn't think of it before...but does he know that he's autistic, and does he get told that it's not bad to be different from his peers?",
"(Of course it's hard to be different, and there's not a lot of helping that, but just knowing the facts of why you're different, and that there's nothing wrong about it, can go a long way towards understanding yourself, and therefore being less scared.)",
"6. KerimaSeptember 15, 2012 at 1:04 AM\nHannah what you describe above is called positive behavioral supports, and we apply that to our son, who is deeply Autistic and nonspeaking. We redirect behaviors, offer alternatives but no punishment or negative reinforcement is involved. But here ABA is everything under the sun. And not only is causation not seen as important but it is abandoned. My son was abused in school and we have not in four years of homeschooling been able to completely erase the damage they did him. Which is why Lydia and I met. Because of the work she did in Massachusetts. She encouraged and supported efforts in Maryland and other States to stem the tide of the seclusion and restraint done in the name of education. We always question what we do as parents. We want to do what is right for our children. The fact that you read and continue to read and now understand what is happening here is great.",
"BTW I hate to disagree with Kate Mia about ABA being the only treatment other than chemically lobotomizing a patient to prevent self injurious behavior but the CPS model was successful in clinical trials and resulted in a change to the model of care in what was previously an emergency treatment center for violent children with trauma induced psychosis its use as recovery therapy for victims of ptsd resulting from aggressive ABA treatments is increasing. If your child has a baseline communication method, even a yes/no switch as my son used until recently Collaborative Problem Solving is humane and works http://www.thereachinstitute.org/cps.html",
"7. HannahSeptember 15, 2012 at 9:16 PM\nThank you Kerima. As an almost-teacher student rights are a huge deal to me, I am so sorry that your son has suffered so much at the hands of people who should be working for him. It really saddens me that so many professionals have so much faith in their practices and their right to authority. Chavisory, we talk about autism a lot at home. We have a couple of great adult friends who are autistic and our boys know and identify with them too. My youngest, the angry one, doesn't raise discussion yet but the oldest does, I'm not sure how connected the little one feels with being autistic but we are very optimistic about difference and diversity around us, so we will get there. If you have any tips in that department I'm open! I really appreciate your support!",
"Kerima, current research on the effectiveness of collaborative problem solving is limited to oppositional defiant disorder and the therapy is suggested for use as a form of therapy for some individuals with Aspergers syndrome on the spectrum with angry, defiant and explosive behaviors.",
"There is not enough research associated with this method, identified by a recent government meta analysis report, to provide sufficient evidence that it is a proven effective in preventing severe self injurious behaviors seen in autism.",
"This doesn't mean the research will not be accomplished in the future, or it is not effective for some now, but currently the only identified proven effective means of treatment for self injurious behaviors identified in a recent meta analysis by the government is limited benefits from ABA and a limited number of drugs identified in the government report on the AHRQ.gov website for autism spectrum disorder published in April of 2012.",
"I did not intend to suggest that everyone with self injurious behaviors are drugged into oblivion, but this can be the case in the most severe injurious behaviors that are not responsive to lower doses of drugs or therapies including those not proven effective by the government meta-analysis, per therapies like the collaborative problem solving technique that appears to work for some individuals on the spectrum to address angry, defiant, and explosive behaviors and which may also work for some with self-injurious behaviors on the spectrum, but is not suggested as an effective means of treating self injurious behaviors for people on the spectrum on the website that promotes the therapy.",
"Some insurance companies determine what treatments they will cover based on government reports like this provided on the proven effectiveness of treatments. In supporting legislative efforts requiring insurance companies to cover therapies this factor is taken into account, which to this point per government analysis is limited to ABA with enough research backing it, to establish a track record of effectiveness in some subgroups of autism.",
"10. SheogorathJune 14, 2014 at 10:09 PM\nHannah, I see no issue in using ABA to help an Autistic person learn useful things like dressing themselves (if possible) and adopting better coping strategies for dealing with strong emotions. The problems come when practitioners teach things like 'Quiet Hands', which is counter-productive when a stim is harmless. ABA is one-to-one, so there are no other students to be distracted by a person humming and waving their hand in front of their face, a stopping stims without replacing them leads to distraction and frustration that all comes back to bite you on the ass when the child is older, stronger, and completely without coping strategies as a result of misapplied ABA.",
"Unfortunately research has not proven any other method of therapy for individuals on the spectrum effective against self-injurious behaviors, except for drugging them into oblivion. Unfortunately ABA is not proven as an effective therapy for all children on the spectrum that exhibit these type of behaviors, but it is worth mortgaging one's home for those that care enough about their children, whom are not covered by their insurance company to provide the only effective means of therapy in some cases.",
"While I agree this summit should address the other issues you describe, it is not reasonable to suggest that this effort is not a worthwhile one addressed in this summit, because it can make the difference between a child that is able to stay at home with their parents, and a child that could end up in an institution, as a potential live saving alternative to self injurious behaviors.",
"I can guarantee that the children and the parents who may effectively benefit in a potential life saving therapy, more than welcome the efforts that these individuals are undertaking in their effort to expand legislation that requires insurance coverage of this proven effective therapy for some on the Spectrum.",
"It is likely if you were in the shoes of a parent or of a child that was smearing and eating their feces, as well as banging their head on sharp cornered objects in a repeated manner and you could not afford or your parents could not afford potential life saving therapy as the insurance company would not cover it, that you might more clearly see just how important the focus of this summit is for hundreds of thousands of parents and children on the spectrum that walk in similar shoes.",
"This isn't about Autism Speaks it is a serious potential life or death situation for some of these children on the spectrum. There is too much focus on the myths associated with Autism Speaks as an organization that can do no positive benefit for individuals on the spectrum; it can take the focus away from the actual needs of individuals on the spectrum.",
"Any of these individuals that might read your blog from the actual summit would probably wonder how one could be so insensitive to the needs of these children, directing negative energy toward a potentially life savings therapy, instead of directing the positive focus on issues that could be addressed as well, as you more effectively do.",
"The advocacy effort of the autism speaks organization to further increase insurance coverage for ABA therapies across the nation has likely literally saved lives, as well as saving the parents potential continued ability to provide a home and subsistence for their children. This is real life stuff that impacts real life people on the spectrum across the nation, as much as any of the other issues of real concern that you focus on in your article.",
"So I actually have self-injurious behaviors and have had behavioral interventions (but not ABA - I'm too old) and also take medications that help reduce self-injurious behaviors, and I have to say that while it depends on the kid, (a) medications short of drugging kids \"into oblivion\" can definitely help, especially SSRIs, tricyclics, and anti-anxiety meds, and (b) focusing entirely on coverage of a single type of therapy is extremely dangerous and wrong. There are other interventions that are extremely promising - most notably DIR/Floortime and its focus on sensory needs, which helped me far more than any behavioral intervention has - and when these become the new state of the art, people will suffer because those new therapies aren't included in the old laws.",
"Many of the autistic adults who denounce ABA themselves have, or had, the same self-injurious behaviors that you describe. And they still didn't consider ABA worth it.",
"Still others have been subjected to ABA even though they had no life- threatening self-injurious behaviors at all; they merely flapped their hands too much, or didn't make enough eye contact.",
"Efforts to provide therapies that are necessary to prevent institutionalization are already covered to some extent by the Olmstead doctrine, which Lydia has already mentioned. Although Olmstead doesn't cover insurance companies, I think both Lydia and I would endorse a broad effort to require insurance companies to cover care that helps prevent hospitalization or institutionalization, but leaves the type of care unspecified so that the law continues to have relevance after the state of the art has changed.",
"Whoselaw, if there was any realistic potential of success of legislation being passed for an insurance company to be required to cover unspecified care, I agree that would definitely the best case scenario, but it is not a realistic option, as a law is not likely going to be passed that require insurance companies to cover therapies that have not been proven as significantly effective in the treatment of at least some subgroups of Autism.",
"Sorry, I did not intend to suggest that all individuals with self-injurious behavior are drugged into oblivion, that do not have access to ABA therapy, but some cases of this have been reported.",
"The only thing about individuals on the spectrum that can be relied upon as common are the actual diagnoses that people share invented by the folks from the American Psychological Association. Other than that from what I can see folks on the spectrum are as different from each other as they are from anyone off the spectrum with their positive attributes, negative attributes, and challenges associated with the spectrum. I think it will be helpful if both the folks off the spectrum and on the spectrum take this in consideration of decisions when decisions are being made about people on the spectrum.",
"Unfortunately, until we have some type of Universal health care, I don't expect to see this with insurance companies, as they have so much lobbying power. Autism Speaks has some legislative influence, but it does not rise to the level of influence that would be necessary to control insurance industry general policies on covering medically unproven treatment, other than the research it funds that might provide evidence for the benefits of therapies/treatments in the future.",
"The government leads the way on research at about 335 million dollars a year, followed by the private Simons foundation at about 53 million, and then autism Speaks at 18 million, per 2010 dollars reported by the IACC. These are the research funding entities working together that can potentially eventually support research providing sufficient evidence for additional effective new treatments/therapies, that insurance companies will more likely cover in the future.",
"This is exactly how I feel. I didn't spend much time in college, so I'm rarely around anyone who thinks I'm \"brilliant.\" Most of the times no one knows what I'm talking about, or understands my complex vocabulary and \"high functioning\" way of talking. Most people tell me I'm the smartest person they've met and they are stumped as to why I don't \"do things\" for myself. I like to think it's because most of them aren't college educated, but even the doctors and dentists are impressed when I use big words to describe the location of pain, etc, like around my mandibular condile. I've even went so long without doing my dishes that I just threw the stacks of dirty dishes away and still haven't bought anything besides disposable dinnerware, since. That was over 8yrs ago. Um...so how does one fix this? What makes you feel more like a \"normal\" person? Because I feel anything but normal, all of the time. I've been on benzodiazepines for 13yrs, because the best way I know how to describe how I feel just sounds like anxiety to the free clinic psycologist. To which they've never diagnosed me with autism, at all. It's something I had to diagnose myself, after having my therapist tell me that autism was something that kids needed to worry about, after telling her I wanted to be tested for it. She's also told me that she'd take me to a local amusement park, but we would have to close my file, and be friend. I'm guessing she didn't notice anything amiss about my personality. I'm currently in withdrawal from the benzos, because the upper echelon of the free clinic has decided to not prescribe those anymore, due to problems in the community, that are out of my control. I'd buy them on the street but I need to stay employed, and without a prescription, I have no reasonable excuse to take them, as far as an employer is concerned. I'm also consequently withdrawing from a lot of other things, that I feel I've developed habits for, because I don't know how else to deal with the way I feel, and never knew, up until recently, how to deal with what I now realize is high functioning autism. I'm also in the middle of a breakup of a 7yr relationship, that I tend to think has a lot to do with my autism. I'm laying on the sofa at my dad's as I type this, feeling lost af in the world, and do not know how to handle this high functioning shit. I only stumbled on this blog out of curiousity about sarcasm and my disorder, or whatever is the proper term, and to keep my mind busy, so it doesn't dwell on the people I miss and wish were still in my life. I'd really just like to know if there is anything that makes it better, or if there is any steps I should be taking to get a handle on this and feel a little better about how I \"am.\" I just want to feel normal. Whatever that is. And thank you for writing this all down. It must've been a chore.",
"Hi! Thank you for sharing your thoughts with me. I manually approve comments, so sometimes it takes a few weeks, months, or even years to find and approve comments. This delay is normal. (Note that I also don't publish every comment, since this is my personal blog.) Unfortunately, anonymous commenting isn't available anymore since it resulted in over one million spam comments in a short period.",
"queer, trans*, asexual, fat, disability, gender, and sex positive; anti- oppression, anti-imperialism, and anti-racist; and inclusive of, accessible to, and affirming of all bodies/minds.",
"If anything on this site is inaccessible to you for any reason, let me know how I can fix the problem or do better. I am in the process of making audio recordings of the more popular posts on this blog, which you can hear at Soundcloud.",
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"Photo by Kory Otto-Jacobs, taken March 1st, 2013 in Farragut Square Park, Washington, DC, United States, for the National Day of Mourning vigil for disabled people murdered by family members or caregivers. This is an annual observance that was originally organized by autistic activist Zoe Gross in 2012 following the murder of 22-year-old autistic man George Hodgins by his mother.",
"This is a cropped, horizontal banner style black and white photograph depicting one of the vigils and its participants (who are of various races, genders, and dis/ability statuses), including Kerima Çevik, Nuri Çevik, Patrick Cokley, Yoshiko Dart, Chad Carson, Linda Finder, Barbara Platt, Taylor C. Hall, and Samantha Bodwell, who is holding a large poster with a photo and the name of Benjamin Barnhard. Lydia Brown (that's me) is in the middle with their back to the viewer. Many participants are holding cameras, video, recorders, or phones. There is an American Sign Language interpreter. This picture shows about 16 people.",
"Links offsite are not to be construed as endorsement or acceptance of the ideas and opinions expressed therein. Nothing that I have written on any part of this website represents in any way any of the official opinions, beliefs, policies, or platforms of any organization, institution, or entity of any kind with which I am now or have at any time been either formally or informally affiliated or associated, nor is any content from this website endorsed, condoned, or approved by any such organization, institution, or entity except where explicitly stated by such an organization, institution, or entity on its own publication or website. I do not warrant that access to this website and its contents will be uninterrupted or error free, nor do I make any warranty as to the results that may be obtained from the use of this website and its contents, or as to the accuracy, reliability, completeness, or contents of any content, information, material, postings, or posting responses found on this website or any links to other sites made available on the website."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Autistic Hoya — A blog by Lydia X. Z. Brown: What They Should Be Talking About\n\n\"The trouble is that once you see it, you can't unsee it. And once you've seen\nit, keeping quiet, saying nothing, becomes as political an act as speaking\nout. There is no innocence. Either way, you're accountable.\" — Arundhati Roy\n\n## Pages\n\n * Home\n * About\n * FAQs\n * Values & Principles\n * Primer\n * Definitions\n * Judge Rotenberg Center\n * Autism FAQ\n * Ableism/Language\n\n## 08 September 2012\n\n### What They Should Be Talking About\n\nToday is Saturday, the eighth of September. I am standing near Farragut\noutside the National Geographic Museum while hundreds (possibly thousands, but\nprobably only hundreds) of mostly non- Autistic people gather a fifteen minute\nwalk away in Foggy Bottom for Autism Speaks's annual Autism Law Summit at\nGeorge Washington Law School, which is not so coincidentally the home of an\nenormous Autism $peaks chapter (and unfortunately, the home of a few excellent\ndisability studies theorists.) Welcome to the District. I hope you're enjoying\nthe awful, awful gales and the absolute sheets of torrentially downpouring\nwater. Oh, and the copious thunder and lightning too. I also hope you're\nenjoying the mosquitoes and terrible humidity. We did this just for you, to\nlet you know just how welcome you are. (And there goes the booming crash and\nroll of thunder.)\n\nMost of you, perhaps even all of you, will never read this blog post. That's\nokay. I don't expect you to. (Some of the staff at your national office,\nhowever, are another story. They don't like it much when people criticize\nyou.) But I'm writing for the benefit of those well-meaning souls who'd like\nto know just what they can do to support the lives and needs of real Autistic\npeople right now, but maybe have the wrong ideas about how exactly to do that.\nSome of you may be standing here in the storm, or trying to hide indoors from\nit. Or you might be sitting in front of your computer at home, breathing a\nsigh of relief that you're not here with me in D.C. (The weather truly is\nhorrid.)\n\nThe Autism Law Summit happening right now is about insurance reform to \"cover\nautism.\" Let me translate that. The Autism Law Summit happening right now is\nabout how to lobby for legislation that will mandate insurance coverage of\ninterventions like \"ABA.\" ABA (applied behavior analysis) is the modern form\nof B. F. Skinner and Ivar Lovaas's theory of behaviorism as applied with\nvicious and efficient cruelty to the lives of thousands of Autistic children\nand youth across America. While the ethical, monitored use of it may be\nbeneficial in the case of life-threatening behaviors, its uninhibited use and\nabuse is a great way to induce internalized ableism, self-hatred, and post-\ntraumatic stress disorder. Many Autistic adults who were put through ABA as\nchildren now have PTSD. Those who weren't subjected to it seem less likely to\nhave PTSD. Let me put it this way -- what the people at the Judge Rotenberg\nCenter do? Yeah, that's ABA. An extreme and very patently obviously abusive\nform of it, but ABA nevertheless.\n\nI would like all of you currently sitting at George Washington Law grateful to\nbe indoors and out of the storm, know what I think the priorities in law as\napplied to Autistics should be.\n\nRather than focusing on laws that will reassure you that it is not merely\nlegal but legally sanctioned to subject your children to therapies focused on\nnormalization, making them indistinguishable from their peers, and suppressing\nnatural ways of speaking and moving, you should be concerned about what is\nhappening to them at school. You should be concerned about what unscrupulous\nadvocates and judicial officials are urging you to do to your children when\nthey leave high school. You should be concerned because Autistic children are\ndisproportionately likely to be referred to the juvenile justice system for\nbehavior and offenses that would not result in such referrals for typical\nchildren. You should be concerned because Autistic youth and adults are\ndisproportionately likely to be determined unable to work, inappropriately\nreerred to sheltered workshops, and subjected to egregious abuses in the world\nof employment. You should be concerned because another state (Florida) was\njust added to the list of states in trouble for violating Olmstead.\n\nThe treatment that we receive as sanctioned by the law, under existing laws,\nand because there are few laws to protect our rights is a direct result of the\nnarrow-minded focus on \"what will help us make our children more normal.\" This\nprovincial lens serves not merely to deny your children opportunities now, but\nto reinforce old prejudices and systems of belief that allow these legal\ninstitutions to be perpetuated. The law affects our lives, for better or\nworse, across the lifespan.\n\nLess than half of all states have statutory limitations on the use of\nrestraint and seclusion in schools, and only slightly more have strict\nregulations against their use. Only six states have statutorily mandated\neducation about autism for police and first responders. Not one state keeps\nrecords on hate crimes committed against the disabled, and neither does the\nfederal government. Several states still maintain institutions, and people\nlike me remain confined there without access to, much less integration into,\ntheir own communities on the other side of the gates.\n\nIf you are going to talk about autism and the law, talk about what you can do\nin policy, regulations, and legislation to advance full inclusion in schools,\nprovision of integrated and inclusive work opportunities doing meaningful\nwork, prohibit adverse discrimination in healthcare and medical decisions, end\nsegregation and institionalization in housing opportunities, promoting the\neducation and empowerment of Autistic youth and adults to influence local,\nstate, or national policy, and ending abuses and violations of our fundamental\nhuman rights everywhere. We don't need or want ways to make us more normal. We\nwant our human and civil rights, and we want to be treated as fellow human\nbeings and citizens under the law the same as everyone else.\n\nWe want laws that will prevent hospitals from denying us eligibility for\ntransplants on the basis of false assumptions about our quality of life and\nhow we live. We want laws that will prevent clinicians with PhDs from electric\nshocking us like lab experiments for looking at them the wrong way. We want\nlaws that will ensure that when people kill us, they go to prison just as they\nwould if the victim had been nondisabled. We want laws that will ensure our\njust and equitable treatment in the criminal justice system. We want laws that\nwill challenge and end all segregation and institutionalization.\n\nThese are the laws that are important to us. Why aren't we there, at this\n\"Autism Law Summit?\" Why aren't these issues being discussed? Because in the\nend, this summit happening not too far from where I sit isn't about us, after\nall. It's about pandering to ableist notions of what should be done to\nAutistic children in the name of normalization, and it's about being able to\nclaim that they're doing something important and meaningful while ignoring the\nreal issues. While ignoring our murders, both active and passive, and while\nignoring a long train of abuses perpetrated against us because the law either\npermits it or looks the other way. And because of that, thank you, but I'm\ncontent to stay in Farragut this afternoon. Enjoy the storm.\n\nLabels: Autism Speaks, education, law enforcement, legal issues, policy\n\nEmail ThisBlogThis!Share to TwitterShare to FacebookShare to Pinterest\n\n#### 16 comments:\n\n 1. HannahSeptember 8, 2012 at 6:04 PM\n\nWhat's the difference between learning more helpful behaviours and trying to\nmake a kid more normal? Would you argue that there isn't one? If I can help a\nchild learn communication skills or provide sensory experiences that decrease\na kids need to engage in faecal smearing, isn't that a good thing? If A.B.A.\nhelps me understand the environmental aspects that provide a distressing\nexperience for a child then doesn't it have some value? I completely agree\nthat Autism Speaks holds a deficit view of Autistics, they do not speak for me\nor my family, but where are the lines? When my 8 year old is swearing at me\nand destroying our home I put him in a bear hug, which enrages him more but\ncalms him eventually, what would you have me do for him instead? I live this,\ndraw me some lines..\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. AnonymousSeptember 10, 2012 at 10:08 PM\n\nI can only speak to my own case. But for myself, learning more adaptive\nbehaviors and living skills, and trying to be more normal, were not only very\ndifferent things, they were *mutually exclusive.*\n\nWe have to do things in ways that work for us, that work with and not against\nhow our nervous systems work. And things got a lot better for me when I quit\ntrying to be like other people, accepted that I would never be normal, and got\ndown to learning how to do what I needed to be able to do, and to deal with\nthe world in ways that worked well for me.\n\nSo, for instance, I have good communication skills, but they're very different\nfrom most people's.\n\n(Fear, sadness, or grief in autistic people often looks like anger or\naggression--is there a reason that this could be the case with your son?)\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 2. HannahSeptember 11, 2012 at 12:53 AM\n\nAbsolutely, there are 100s of reasons... Perceiving the differences between\nhimself and other students, not feeling liked, the death of his mother.. fear,\nfear, fear, fear that me and his dad will die..\n\nBut what he needs to do is deal with the NORMAL issues living in community\nbrings. So if we are eating dinner as a family, but he doesn't want to join us\nhe accepts the consequences of that action (aka no ice cream) that's fine...\nbut what if he wants something he cant do for himself during that time? The\nnatural consequences of that are that he has to wait until we are finished,\nright? My boy knows this at the beginning of the day, at the end of the day he\ndoesn't know this, at the end of the day he goes into full melt-down, which is\nalso fine, except that his melt-downs are dangerous for everyone.... So now\nwhat? If he cant respond to my suggestions like, find a calm place, read a\nstory, listen to his ipod, play the drums whatever and his dangerous\nbehaviours persist, what should I do? If I ignore it or put him in a separate\nspace, I am showing him that he doesn't belong to us. If I hold him and wait\nwith him, in a way that protects us both, he still belongs to us, his\nbehaviour has been addressed and our community laws have been upheld.\nSometimes, when I visit here I read that restraint is unacceptable, I don't\nknow what you would have me do.. Obviously it is unacceptable to hurt anyone\nand you may argue that, that's exactly what I'm doing. Maybe someone can tell\nme something else I should be doing with a swearing, throwing, hitting 8 year\nold? (I know I sound pissed but I'm actually thankful for your reply)\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 3. AnonymousSeptember 11, 2012 at 11:38 PM\n\nNo, it's okay...I would be scared and frustrated. And unfortunately, this is\nwhere my individual knowledge breaks down, because I wasn't that kind of a\nkid...I was the kind that internalized all the rage and fear and was\nconstantly imploding in ways that no one else could see....which is just a\ndifferent can of worms.\n\nLydia/community...are there parents we know of who have more physically\nchallenging young children who might have good suggestions? Off the top of my\nhead...is there any way that he could have a safe place in the house to go to\nto work off that kind of physical rage? Like with pillows that he's allowed to\nkick or punch?\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 4. HannahSeptember 13, 2012 at 5:38 AM\n\nDo you know I've just been reading some more blogs written by autistic adults\ndescribing their experiences of ABA.. I've never seen \"therapy\" like that in\nAustralia... ABA is used to literally plot a childs behaviour to help identify\npatterns and causes so that adults can manage the environment better and then\noffer positive reinforcement to encourage other behaviours.. there's no\npunishment.. just rewards. Some of the things I've been reading about are\nreally scary. At home we do pillow and doona screams, mattress punches,\njumping on the trampoline, long walks, we climb and play fight. But melt downs\nare melt downs. They are decreasing in volatility long term. I am mostly\nterrified that I am hurting him in ways I cant understand... I'm very critical\nof where I get my parenting information from. I would much rather advice from\nsomeone who has a personal experience of neuro-diversity, than some overpaid\ngovernment employee who wants to look at my child in an iddy biddy box. So....\nhence the ranting on Lydia's blog.. Thank you for your tolerance Lydia.\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 5. AnonymousSeptember 14, 2012 at 12:33 PM\n\nThat's great to hear that they're decreasing in volatility long-term. (Long\nwalks are one of my favorite things.)\n\nI thought of something last night...and it's so basic that I'm embarrassed\nthat I didn't think of it before...but does he know that he's autistic, and\ndoes he get told that it's not bad to be different from his peers?\n\n(Of course it's hard to be different, and there's not a lot of helping that,\nbut just knowing the facts of why you're different, and that there's nothing\nwrong about it, can go a long way towards understanding yourself, and\ntherefore being less scared.)\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 6. KerimaSeptember 15, 2012 at 1:04 AM\n\nHannah what you describe above is called positive behavioral supports, and we\napply that to our son, who is deeply Autistic and nonspeaking. We redirect\nbehaviors, offer alternatives but no punishment or negative reinforcement is\ninvolved. But here ABA is everything under the sun. And not only is causation\nnot seen as important but it is abandoned. My son was abused in school and we\nhave not in four years of homeschooling been able to completely erase the\ndamage they did him. Which is why Lydia and I met. Because of the work she did\nin Massachusetts. She encouraged and supported efforts in Maryland and other\nStates to stem the tide of the seclusion and restraint done in the name of\neducation. We always question what we do as parents. We want to do what is\nright for our children. The fact that you read and continue to read and now\nunderstand what is happening here is great.\n\nBTW I hate to disagree with Kate Mia about ABA being the only treatment other\nthan chemically lobotomizing a patient to prevent self injurious behavior but\nthe CPS model was successful in clinical trials and resulted in a change to\nthe model of care in what was previously an emergency treatment center for\nviolent children with trauma induced psychosis its use as recovery therapy for\nvictims of ptsd resulting from aggressive ABA treatments is increasing. If\nyour child has a baseline communication method, even a yes/no switch as my son\nused until recently Collaborative Problem Solving is humane and works\nhttp://www.thereachinstitute.org/cps.html\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 7. HannahSeptember 15, 2012 at 9:16 PM\n\nThank you Kerima. As an almost-teacher student rights are a huge deal to me, I\nam so sorry that your son has suffered so much at the hands of people who\nshould be working for him. It really saddens me that so many professionals\nhave so much faith in their practices and their right to authority. Chavisory,\nwe talk about autism a lot at home. We have a couple of great adult friends\nwho are autistic and our boys know and identify with them too. My youngest,\nthe angry one, doesn't raise discussion yet but the oldest does, I'm not sure\nhow connected the little one feels with being autistic but we are very\noptimistic about difference and diversity around us, so we will get there. If\nyou have any tips in that department I'm open! I really appreciate your\nsupport!\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 8. Katie Mia FrederickSeptember 17, 2012 at 12:31 AM\n\nThis comment has been removed by the author.\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 9. Katie Mia FrederickSeptember 17, 2012 at 12:37 AM\n\nPrevious comment removed due to typos.\n\nKerima, current research on the effectiveness of collaborative problem solving\nis limited to oppositional defiant disorder and the therapy is suggested for\nuse as a form of therapy for some individuals with Aspergers syndrome on the\nspectrum with angry, defiant and explosive behaviors.\n\nThere is not enough research associated with this method, identified by a\nrecent government meta analysis report, to provide sufficient evidence that it\nis a proven effective in preventing severe self injurious behaviors seen in\nautism.\n\nThis doesn't mean the research will not be accomplished in the future, or it\nis not effective for some now, but currently the only identified proven\neffective means of treatment for self injurious behaviors identified in a\nrecent meta analysis by the government is limited benefits from ABA and a\nlimited number of drugs identified in the government report on the AHRQ.gov\nwebsite for autism spectrum disorder published in April of 2012.\n\nI did not intend to suggest that everyone with self injurious behaviors are\ndrugged into oblivion, but this can be the case in the most severe injurious\nbehaviors that are not responsive to lower doses of drugs or therapies\nincluding those not proven effective by the government meta-analysis, per\ntherapies like the collaborative problem solving technique that appears to\nwork for some individuals on the spectrum to address angry, defiant, and\nexplosive behaviors and which may also work for some with self-injurious\nbehaviors on the spectrum, but is not suggested as an effective means of\ntreating self injurious behaviors for people on the spectrum on the website\nthat promotes the therapy.\n\nSome insurance companies determine what treatments they will cover based on\ngovernment reports like this provided on the proven effectiveness of\ntreatments. In supporting legislative efforts requiring insurance companies to\ncover therapies this factor is taken into account, which to this point per\ngovernment analysis is limited to ABA with enough research backing it, to\nestablish a track record of effectiveness in some subgroups of autism.\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 10. SheogorathJune 14, 2014 at 10:09 PM\n\nHannah, I see no issue in using ABA to help an Autistic person learn useful\nthings like dressing themselves (if possible) and adopting better coping\nstrategies for dealing with strong emotions. The problems come when\npractitioners teach things like 'Quiet Hands', which is counter-productive\nwhen a stim is harmless. ABA is one-to-one, so there are no other students to\nbe distracted by a person humming and waving their hand in front of their\nface, a stopping stims without replacing them leads to distraction and\nfrustration that all comes back to bite you on the ass when the child is\nolder, stronger, and completely without coping strategies as a result of\nmisapplied ABA.\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\nReply\n\n 2. Katie Mia FrederickSeptember 9, 2012 at 12:18 AM\n\nUnfortunately research has not proven any other method of therapy for\nindividuals on the spectrum effective against self-injurious behaviors, except\nfor drugging them into oblivion. Unfortunately ABA is not proven as an\neffective therapy for all children on the spectrum that exhibit these type of\nbehaviors, but it is worth mortgaging one's home for those that care enough\nabout their children, whom are not covered by their insurance company to\nprovide the only effective means of therapy in some cases.\n\nWhile I agree this summit should address the other issues you describe, it is\nnot reasonable to suggest that this effort is not a worthwhile one addressed\nin this summit, because it can make the difference between a child that is\nable to stay at home with their parents, and a child that could end up in an\ninstitution, as a potential live saving alternative to self injurious\nbehaviors.\n\nI can guarantee that the children and the parents who may effectively benefit\nin a potential life saving therapy, more than welcome the efforts that these\nindividuals are undertaking in their effort to expand legislation that\nrequires insurance coverage of this proven effective therapy for some on the\nSpectrum.\n\nIt is likely if you were in the shoes of a parent or of a child that was\nsmearing and eating their feces, as well as banging their head on sharp\ncornered objects in a repeated manner and you could not afford or your parents\ncould not afford potential life saving therapy as the insurance company would\nnot cover it, that you might more clearly see just how important the focus of\nthis summit is for hundreds of thousands of parents and children on the\nspectrum that walk in similar shoes.\n\nThis isn't about Autism Speaks it is a serious potential life or death\nsituation for some of these children on the spectrum. There is too much focus\non the myths associated with Autism Speaks as an organization that can do no\npositive benefit for individuals on the spectrum; it can take the focus away\nfrom the actual needs of individuals on the spectrum.\n\nAny of these individuals that might read your blog from the actual summit\nwould probably wonder how one could be so insensitive to the needs of these\nchildren, directing negative energy toward a potentially life savings therapy,\ninstead of directing the positive focus on issues that could be addressed as\nwell, as you more effectively do.\n\nThe advocacy effort of the autism speaks organization to further increase\ninsurance coverage for ABA therapies across the nation has likely literally\nsaved lives, as well as saving the parents potential continued ability to\nprovide a home and subsistence for their children. This is real life stuff\nthat impacts real life people on the spectrum across the nation, as much as\nany of the other issues of real concern that you focus on in your article.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 3. AnonymousSeptember 13, 2012 at 11:25 PM\n\nSo I actually have self-injurious behaviors and have had behavioral\ninterventions (but not ABA - I'm too old) and also take medications that help\nreduce self-injurious behaviors, and I have to say that while it depends on\nthe kid, (a) medications short of drugging kids \"into oblivion\" can definitely\nhelp, especially SSRIs, tricyclics, and anti-anxiety meds, and (b) focusing\nentirely on coverage of a single type of therapy is extremely dangerous and\nwrong. There are other interventions that are extremely promising - most\nnotably DIR/Floortime and its focus on sensory needs, which helped me far more\nthan any behavioral intervention has - and when these become the new state of\nthe art, people will suffer because those new therapies aren't included in the\nold laws.\n\nMany of the autistic adults who denounce ABA themselves have, or had, the same\nself-injurious behaviors that you describe. And they still didn't consider ABA\nworth it.\n\nStill others have been subjected to ABA even though they had no life-\nthreatening self-injurious behaviors at all; they merely flapped their hands\ntoo much, or didn't make enough eye contact.\n\nEfforts to provide therapies that are necessary to prevent\ninstitutionalization are already covered to some extent by the Olmstead\ndoctrine, which Lydia has already mentioned. Although Olmstead doesn't cover\ninsurance companies, I think both Lydia and I would endorse a broad effort to\nrequire insurance companies to cover care that helps prevent hospitalization\nor institutionalization, but leaves the type of care unspecified so that the\nlaw continues to have relevance after the state of the art has changed.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. AnonymousSeptember 13, 2012 at 11:26 PM\n\n... meant as a reply to Kate Mia. Oh well.\n\nDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\nReply\n\n 4. Katie Mia FrederickSeptember 14, 2012 at 3:15 AM\n\nWhoselaw, if there was any realistic potential of success of legislation being\npassed for an insurance company to be required to cover unspecified care, I\nagree that would definitely the best case scenario, but it is not a realistic\noption, as a law is not likely going to be passed that require insurance\ncompanies to cover therapies that have not been proven as significantly\neffective in the treatment of at least some subgroups of Autism.\n\nSorry, I did not intend to suggest that all individuals with self-injurious\nbehavior are drugged into oblivion, that do not have access to ABA therapy,\nbut some cases of this have been reported.\n\nThe only thing about individuals on the spectrum that can be relied upon as\ncommon are the actual diagnoses that people share invented by the folks from\nthe American Psychological Association. Other than that from what I can see\nfolks on the spectrum are as different from each other as they are from anyone\noff the spectrum with their positive attributes, negative attributes, and\nchallenges associated with the spectrum. I think it will be helpful if both\nthe folks off the spectrum and on the spectrum take this in consideration of\ndecisions when decisions are being made about people on the spectrum.\n\nUnfortunately, until we have some type of Universal health care, I don't\nexpect to see this with insurance companies, as they have so much lobbying\npower. Autism Speaks has some legislative influence, but it does not rise to\nthe level of influence that would be necessary to control insurance industry\ngeneral policies on covering medically unproven treatment, other than the\nresearch it funds that might provide evidence for the benefits of\ntherapies/treatments in the future.\n\nThe government leads the way on research at about 335 million dollars a year,\nfollowed by the private Simons foundation at about 53 million, and then autism\nSpeaks at 18 million, per 2010 dollars reported by the IACC. These are the\nresearch funding entities working together that can potentially eventually\nsupport research providing sufficient evidence for additional effective new\ntreatments/therapies, that insurance companies will more likely cover in the\nfuture.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\n 5. AnonymousNovember 14, 2016 at 11:23 PM\n\nThis is exactly how I feel. I didn't spend much time in college, so I'm rarely\naround anyone who thinks I'm \"brilliant.\" Most of the times no one knows what\nI'm talking about, or understands my complex vocabulary and \"high functioning\"\nway of talking. Most people tell me I'm the smartest person they've met and\nthey are stumped as to why I don't \"do things\" for myself. I like to think\nit's because most of them aren't college educated, but even the doctors and\ndentists are impressed when I use big words to describe the location of pain,\netc, like around my mandibular condile. I've even went so long without doing\nmy dishes that I just threw the stacks of dirty dishes away and still haven't\nbought anything besides disposable dinnerware, since. That was over 8yrs ago.\nUm...so how does one fix this? What makes you feel more like a \"normal\"\nperson? Because I feel anything but normal, all of the time. I've been on\nbenzodiazepines for 13yrs, because the best way I know how to describe how I\nfeel just sounds like anxiety to the free clinic psycologist. To which they've\nnever diagnosed me with autism, at all. It's something I had to diagnose\nmyself, after having my therapist tell me that autism was something that kids\nneeded to worry about, after telling her I wanted to be tested for it. She's\nalso told me that she'd take me to a local amusement park, but we would have\nto close my file, and be friend. I'm guessing she didn't notice anything amiss\nabout my personality. I'm currently in withdrawal from the benzos, because the\nupper echelon of the free clinic has decided to not prescribe those anymore,\ndue to problems in the community, that are out of my control. I'd buy them on\nthe street but I need to stay employed, and without a prescription, I have no\nreasonable excuse to take them, as far as an employer is concerned. I'm also\nconsequently withdrawing from a lot of other things, that I feel I've\ndeveloped habits for, because I don't know how else to deal with the way I\nfeel, and never knew, up until recently, how to deal with what I now realize\nis high functioning autism. I'm also in the middle of a breakup of a 7yr\nrelationship, that I tend to think has a lot to do with my autism. I'm laying\non the sofa at my dad's as I type this, feeling lost af in the world, and do\nnot know how to handle this high functioning shit. I only stumbled on this\nblog out of curiousity about sarcasm and my disorder, or whatever is the\nproper term, and to keep my mind busy, so it doesn't dwell on the people I\nmiss and wish were still in my life. I'd really just like to know if there is\nanything that makes it better, or if there is any steps I should be taking to\nget a handle on this and feel a little better about how I \"am.\" I just want to\nfeel normal. Whatever that is. And thank you for writing this all down. It\nmust've been a chore.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\nReply\n\nAdd comment\n\nLoad more...\n\nHi! Thank you for sharing your thoughts with me. I manually approve comments,\nso sometimes it takes a few weeks, months, or even years to find and approve\ncomments. This delay is normal. (Note that I also don't publish every comment,\nsince this is my personal blog.) Unfortunately, anonymous commenting isn't\navailable anymore since it resulted in over one million spam comments in a\nshort period.\n\nNewer Post Older Post Home\n\nSubscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)\n\nLʏᴅɪᴀ X. Z. Bʀᴏᴡɴ\n\nAᴜᴛɪsᴛɪᴄ Hᴏʏᴀ\n\nLooking for specific stuff? Use the sitemap.\n\nLooking for more resources, my professional stuff, or info on speaking/booking\nme? Check out my portfolio.\n\n## My stuff on social media\n\nFollow @autistichoya\n\n> Autistic Hoya\n\nLike what you read and have a few dollars to spare? 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This is an annual\nobservance that was originally organized by autistic activist Zoe Gross in\n2012 following the murder of 22-year-old autistic man George Hodgins by his\nmother.\n\nThis is a cropped, horizontal banner style black and white photograph\ndepicting one of the vigils and its participants (who are of various races,\ngenders, and dis/ability statuses), including Kerima Çevik, Nuri Çevik,\nPatrick Cokley, Yoshiko Dart, Chad Carson, Linda Finder, Barbara Platt, Taylor\nC. Hall, and Samantha Bodwell, who is holding a large poster with a photo and\nthe name of Benjamin Barnhard. Lydia Brown (that's me) is in the middle with\ntheir back to the viewer. Many participants are holding cameras, video,\nrecorders, or phones. There is an American Sign Language interpreter. This\npicture shows about 16 people.\n\n## Boring legal stuff\n\nLinks offsite are not to be construed as endorsement or acceptance of the\nideas and opinions expressed therein. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://autisticadvocacy.org/2014/01/2013-joint-letter-to-the-sponsors-of-autism-speaks/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211124165828/https://autisticadvocacy.org/2014/01/2013-joint-letter-to-the-sponsors-of-autism-speaks/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "2014 Joint Letter to the Sponsors of Autism Speaks",
"passages": [
"We, the undersigned organizations representing the disability community, are writing to urge you to end your support for Autism Speaks. We profoundly appreciate your interest in supporting the autism and broader disability communities. Our work is about empowering and supporting people with all disabilities, including adults and children on the autism spectrum, to be recognized as equal citizens in our society and afforded all of the rights and opportunities that implies. Unfortunately, Autism Speaks’ statements and actions do damage to that work and to the lives of autistic people and those with other disabilities. It is our hope that we may work together in a spirit of partnership to find new and less controversial ways for you to show your commitment to our community.",
"Autism Speaks’ senior leadership fails to include a single autistic person. Unlike non-profits focused on intellectual disability, Down Syndrome, Cerebral Palsy and countless other disabilities, Autism Speaks systematically excludes autistic adults from its board of directors, leadership team and other positions of senior leadership. This exclusion has been the subject of numerous discussions with and eventually protests against Autism Speaks, yet the organization persists in its refusal to allow those it purports to serve into positions of meaningful authority within its ranks. The slogan of the disability rights movement has long been, “Nothing About Us, Without Us.” Almost nine years after its founding, Autism Speaks continues to refuse to abide by this basic tenet of the mainstream disability community.",
"Autism Speaks has a history of supporting dangerous fringe movements that threaten the lives and safety of both the autism community and the general public. The anti-vaccine sentiments of Autism Speaks’ founders have been well documented in the mainstream media. Several of Autism Speaks’ senior leaders have resigned or been fired after founders Bob and Suzanne Wright overruled Autism Speaks’ scientific leadership in order to advance the discredited idea that autism is the result of vaccinations. Furthermore, Autism Speaks has promoted the Judge Rotenberg Center, a Massachusetts facility under Department of Justice and FDA investigation for the use of painful electric shock against its students. The Judge Rotenberg Center’s methods have been deemed torture by the United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture (p. 84) and are currently the subject of efforts by the Massachusetts state government and disability rights advocates to shut the facility down. Despite this, Autism Speaks has allowed the Judge Rotenberg Center to recruit new admissions from families seeking resources at their fundraising walks. We believe this is not the type of action you anticipated when you agreed to provide support to Autism Speaks events.",
"Autism Speaks’ fundraising efforts pull money away from local communities, returning very little funds for the critical investments in services and supports needed by autistic people and our families. Only 4% of funds donated to Autism Speaks are reinvested in services and supports for autistic people and our families. Across the country, local communities have complained that at a time when state budget cutbacks are making investment in local disability services all the more critical, Autism Speaks fundraisers take money away from needed services in their community. In addition, while the majority of Autism Speaks’ funding goes towards research dollars, few of those dollars have gone to the areas of most concern to autistic people and our families–services and supports, particularly for autistics reaching adulthood and aging out of the school system. According to the Department of Health and Human Services’ Inter-Agency Autism Coordinating Committee, only 1% of Autism Speaks’ research budget goes towards research on service quality and less than one-quarter of 1% goes towards research on the needs of autistic adults.",
"Autism Speaks’ advertising depends on offensive and outdated rhetoric of fear and pity, presenting the lives of autistic people as tragic burdens on our families and society. In its advertising, Autism Speaks has compared being autistic to being kidnapped, dying of a natural disaster, having a fatal disease, and countless other inappropriate analogies. In one of its most prominent fundraising videos, an Autism Speaks executive stated that she had considered placing her child in the car and driving off the George Washington Bridge, going on to say that she did not do so only because she had a normal child as well. Autism Speaks advertisements have cited inaccurate statistics on elevated divorce rates for parents of autistic children and many other falsehoods designed to present the lives of autistic children and adults as little more than tragedies.",
"Autism Speaks’ only advisory board member on the autism spectrum, John Elder Robison, announced his resignation from the organization this month in protest of the organization comparing autistic people to kidnapping victims and claiming that our families are not living, but merely existing, due to the horror of having autistic people in their lives. In his resignation letter, he discusses his four years spent attempting to reform the organization from the inside without success, stating, “Autism Speaks says it’s the advocacy group for people with autism and their families. It’s not, despite having had many chances to become that voice. Autism Speaks is the only major medical or mental health nonprofit whose legitimacy is constantly challenged by a large percentage of the people affected by the condition they target.”",
"The disability community recently celebrated the 50^th anniversary of the Developmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act, legislation first signed into law by President John F. Kennedy in 1963. The law begins with the statement that, “disability is a natural part of the human experience that does not diminish the right of individuals with developmental disabilities to live independently, to exert control and choice over their own lives, and to fully participate in and contribute to their communities through full integration and inclusion in the economic, political, social, cultural, and educational mainstream of United States society.”",
"We believe that statement to be true. Over the past fifty years, the disability world has focused on making these aspirations into reality, and significant strides have been made. Unfortunately, the actions of Autism Speaks attempt to undo fifty years of hard-won progress and take us further away from a world in which the goals articulated in the DD act are fully realized. We applaud you for your interest in supporting the autism and developmental disability, yet firmly believe that your support would have a more positive impact were it invested elsewhere. As a result, we the undersigned members of the disability community stand together in urging you to end your support of Autism Speaks and re-allocate your donations to a recipient who can better represent the needs and desires of autistic people and our families.",
"We would be glad to arrange a meeting to discuss these issues in more detail. Please direct your response to Ari Ne’eman of the Autistic Self Advocacy Network at 202.596.1056 or by e-mail at aneeman@autisticadvocacy.org."
]
},
"parsed_md": "2014 Joint Letter to the Sponsors of Autism Speaks | Autistic Self Advocacy\nNetwork\n\nSkip to Content (press Enter)\n\nAutistic Self Advocacy Network\n\nSitemap\n\nSkip to sidebar ↓\n\n# Main Content\n\n← ASAN condemns proposal to cut funding for effective mental health advocacy\nand interventions, expand forced treatment programs\n\nThank you →\n\n# 2014 Joint Letter to the Sponsors of Autism Speaks\n\nJanuary 6, 2014 | JuliaBascom\n\nTo the Sponsors, Donors, and Supporters of Autism Speaks:\n\nWe, the undersigned organizations representing the disability community, are\nwriting to urge you to end your support for Autism Speaks. We profoundly\nappreciate your interest in supporting the autism and broader disability\ncommunities. Our work is about empowering and supporting people with all\ndisabilities, including adults and children on the autism spectrum, to be\nrecognized as equal citizens in our society and afforded all of the rights and\nopportunities that implies. Unfortunately, Autism Speaks’ statements and\nactions do damage to that work and to the lives of autistic people and those\nwith other disabilities. It is our hope that we may work together in a spirit\nof partnership to find new and less controversial ways for you to show your\ncommitment to our community.\n\nAutism Speaks’ senior leadership fails to include a single autistic person.\nUnlike non-profits focused on intellectual disability, Down Syndrome, Cerebral\nPalsy and countless other disabilities, Autism Speaks systematically excludes\nautistic adults from its board of directors, leadership team and other\npositions of senior leadership. This exclusion has been the subject of\nnumerous discussions with and eventually protests against Autism Speaks, yet\nthe organization persists in its refusal to allow those it purports to serve\ninto positions of meaningful authority within its ranks. The slogan of the\ndisability rights movement has long been, “Nothing About Us, Without Us.”\nAlmost nine years after its founding, Autism Speaks continues to refuse to\nabide by this basic tenet of the mainstream disability community.\n\nAutism Speaks has a history of supporting dangerous fringe movements that\nthreaten the lives and safety of both the autism community and the general\npublic. The anti-vaccine sentiments of Autism Speaks’ founders have been well\ndocumented in the mainstream media. Several of Autism Speaks’ senior leaders\nhave resigned or been fired after founders Bob and Suzanne Wright overruled\nAutism Speaks’ scientific leadership in order to advance the discredited idea\nthat autism is the result of vaccinations. Furthermore, Autism Speaks has\npromoted the Judge Rotenberg Center, a Massachusetts facility under Department\nof Justice and FDA investigation for the use of painful electric shock against\nits students. The Judge Rotenberg Center’s methods have been deemed torture by\nthe United Nations Special Rapporteur on Torture (p. 84) and are currently the\nsubject of efforts by the Massachusetts state government and disability rights\nadvocates to shut the facility down. Despite this, Autism Speaks has allowed\nthe Judge Rotenberg Center to recruit new admissions from families seeking\nresources at their fundraising walks. We believe this is not the type of\naction you anticipated when you agreed to provide support to Autism Speaks\nevents.\n\nAutism Speaks’ fundraising efforts pull money away from local communities,\nreturning very little funds for the critical investments in services and\nsupports needed by autistic people and our families. Only 4% of funds donated\nto Autism Speaks are reinvested in services and supports for autistic people\nand our families. Across the country, local communities have complained that\nat a time when state budget cutbacks are making investment in local disability\nservices all the more critical, Autism Speaks fundraisers take money away from\nneeded services in their community. In addition, while the majority of Autism\nSpeaks’ funding goes towards research dollars, few of those dollars have gone\nto the areas of most concern to autistic people and our families–services and\nsupports, particularly for autistics reaching adulthood and aging out of the\nschool system. According to the Department of Health and Human Services’\nInter-Agency Autism Coordinating Committee, only 1% of Autism Speaks’ research\nbudget goes towards research on service quality and less than one-quarter of\n1% goes towards research on the needs of autistic adults.\n\nAutism Speaks’ advertising depends on offensive and outdated rhetoric of fear\nand pity, presenting the lives of autistic people as tragic burdens on our\nfamilies and society. In its advertising, Autism Speaks has compared being\nautistic to being kidnapped, dying of a natural disaster, having a fatal\ndisease, and countless other inappropriate analogies. In one of its most\nprominent fundraising videos, an Autism Speaks executive stated that she had\nconsidered placing her child in the car and driving off the George Washington\nBridge, going on to say that she did not do so only because she had a normal\nchild as well. Autism Speaks advertisements have cited inaccurate statistics\non elevated divorce rates for parents of autistic children and many other\nfalsehoods designed to present the lives of autistic children and adults as\nlittle more than tragedies.\n\nAutism Speaks’ only advisory board member on the autism spectrum, John Elder\nRobison, announced his resignation from the organization this month in protest\nof the organization comparing autistic people to kidnapping victims and\nclaiming that our families are not living, but merely existing, due to the\nhorror of having autistic people in their lives. In his resignation letter, he\ndiscusses his four years spent attempting to reform the organization from the\ninside without success, stating, “Autism Speaks says it’s the advocacy group\nfor people with autism and their families. It’s not, despite having had many\nchances to become that voice. Autism Speaks is the only major medical or\nmental health nonprofit whose legitimacy is constantly challenged by a large\npercentage of the people affected by the condition they target.”\n\nThe disability community recently celebrated the 50^th anniversary of the\nDevelopmental Disabilities Assistance and Bill of Rights Act, legislation\nfirst signed into law by President John F. Kennedy in 1963. The law begins\nwith the statement that, “disability is a natural part of the human experience\nthat does not diminish the right of individuals with developmental\ndisabilities to live independently, to exert control and choice over their own\nlives, and to fully participate in and contribute to their communities through\nfull integration and inclusion in the economic, political, social, cultural,\nand educational mainstream of United States society.”\n\nWe believe that statement to be true. Over the past fifty years, the\ndisability world has focused on making these aspirations into reality, and\nsignificant strides have been made. Unfortunately, the actions of Autism\nSpeaks attempt to undo fifty years of hard-won progress and take us further\naway from a world in which the goals articulated in the DD act are fully\nrealized. We applaud you for your interest in supporting the autism and\ndevelopmental disability, yet firmly believe that your support would have a\nmore positive impact were it invested elsewhere. As a result, we the\nundersigned members of the disability community stand together in urging you\nto end your support of Autism Speaks and re-allocate your donations to a\nrecipient who can better represent the needs and desires of autistic people\nand our families.\n\nWe would be glad to arrange a meeting to discuss these issues in more detail.\nPlease direct your response to Ari Ne’eman of the Autistic Self Advocacy\nNetwork at 202.596.1056 or by e-mail at aneeman@autisticadvocacy.org.\n\nRegards,\n\nThe Autistic Self Advocacy Network The Association for Autistic Community\nAutism Women’s Network Association of Programs for Rural Independent Living\nAutism National Committee Asperger’s Association of New England National\nCouncil on Independent Living National Coalition on Mental Health Recovery\nLittle People of America Self-Advocates Becoming Empowered (SABE) Not Dead Yet\nOllibean TASH The Thinking Person’s Guide to Autism Queerability Michigan\nDisability Rights Coalition PACLA Down Syndrome Uprising YOUTH POWER! DREAM:\nDisability Rights, Education, Activism, and Mentoring Taishoff Center for\nInclusive Higher Education I Am Norm We Are Like Your Child The Unpuzzled\nProject Autism Rights Group Highland Autism Acceptance Day\n\nThis entry was posted in Autistic Community and Allies, Changing Perceptions,\nAction and tagged Autism Speaks. Bookmark the permalink.\n\n← ASAN condemns proposal to cut funding for effective mental health advocacy\nand interventions, expand forced treatment programs\n\nThank you →\n\nSkip to top\n\n## More information\n\n * ### Search\n\n * ### Accessibility\n\n * ### Become a member\n\nBecome a member\n\n * ### Make a donation\n\nMake a donation\n\n * ### Get our newsletter\n\nGet our newsletter\n\n * ### Stay Connected\n\n## More information\n\n * ### Footer Navigation\n\n * Sitemap\n * About\n * News\n * Projects\n * Resource Library\n * Get Involved\n * Accessibility\n * Shop\n * Donate\n\nCopyright © 2021 Autistic Self Advocacy Network\n\nPO Box 66122 • Washington, DC 20035\n\nContact Us »\n\nSkip to top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://autismmythbusters.com/parents/therapy/the-truth-about-aba/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210115211036/https://autismmythbusters.com/parents/therapy/the-truth-about-aba/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Truth About ABA",
"passages": [
"Being the parent of an autistic child can be very difficult, especially in the type of anti-autistic or “find a cure” society we currently live in. Most parents are simply trying to love their child and with the influence of society and the media who present autism in an unacceptable manner, they may easily feel that they must try to find some sort of cure or way to alter the behavior of the child. Currently, many people claim that ABA intervention is an appropriate cure. They claim that there are dramatic improvements to behavior and that the majority of children see almost a full recovery with intense and time consuming therapy. Although this therapy is based on behavioral psychology, something I believe has significant uses, I think that in this case, it is sorely misused. Based on the extreme measures that are needed to make this therapy apparently affective, it blurs the line between abuse and intervention. It is in no way acceptable to withhold food from a child until they become hungry enough to comply with behaviors in order to get fed. It is also important to realize that although this therapy can sometimes develop learned behaviors, it is in no way curing the individual of a neurological difference such as autism. You cannot teach a person to perform a behavior or set of behaviors for three years and expect their neurons to rewire to become non-autistic. It is also believed that although this training my modify behavior, it is not changing how the child wants to act. The child is still autistic and is naturally inclined to act in one way, but you are telling them that this behavior is unacceptable. Image yourself being told that you cannot do something you naturally are inclined to like scratch your finger when it itches, just because it is apparently an unacceptable behavior. These children are also forced to live as something they aren’t. This can be very emotionally traumatizing for the child. This treatment can sometimes result in long lasting problems such as PTSD or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder which could itself need treatment. Besides all the downfalls for the child with this therapy, it is easy to see that many parents will be emotionally effected by this therapy. It is extremely time consuming, becoming more like a full time job rather than a therapy. It can also be hard for a parent to put their child through such an emotional experience. It is hard enough for many parents to deal with the pleas and cries of taking care of a “normal” child, let alone put them through hours of repetitive resistance to behaviors that may be painful or uncomfortable for their child.",
"Although parents may try to turn to this therapy in order to help their child, they need to be aware of the disabling qualities it can have. It has not proven to be very effective after thorough meta-analysis and has a great chance of not be effective at all for your child. It is more important to accept your child for who and what they are instead of trying to change your child. That, in itself, will show your child that you love and care about them and their future.",
"My little boy, this love of mine, Does not know how to say; Please give me room for every time, His words get in the way.",
"You would not know by passing by, The struggles everyday: But try to look him in the eye, You'll see it in his face.",
"You may not understand how hard, Small tasks in life can be; How difficult to speak aloud, Or learn your ABC's.",
"And just because he doesn't hug you, Or kiss you hi and bye; Doesn't mean he doesn't love you, Please just give him time!",
"Through all the tantrums, fights and tears, I look at him and see; A little boy with tons of fears, Who strives for normalcy.",
"Of course he sees he's different, But he just can't see why; Everybody's time is spent, Trying to make him 'right'.",
"Open up your heart and mind, And just watch quietly; You'll see a boy who's really trying, Just wants to be happy.",
"He's just a scared little boy, With every sight and sound; I know he plays with just one toy, And spins around and round.",
"I know sometimes he'll yell and scream, He simply cannot say; He is not trying to be mean, Things have to be his way.",
"All he can say is 'It's not right', Sometimes it seems unreal; He can't express though try he might, To tell you how he feels.",
"I know that he repeats himself, And sometimes others too; Believe me that does really help, Anxiety to be removed.",
"So please be patient and be kind, Love him everyday; I know in your heart you will find, A place for him always.",
"He is my special, beautiful boy, Whom I love endlessly; He is my gift, my love, and my joy He's everything to me"
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Truth About ABA | Autism MythBusters\n\nBusting Myths About Autism\n\n * Home\n\n * Characteristics List\n * DSM-IV Criteria\n * Neurological Differences\n * Autistics\n\n * Teenagers and Early Adults\n\n * Bullying\n * Adults\n * Classmates\n\n * Being an Autistic’s Friend- Joel\n * Bullying\n * Parents\n\n * Diagnosis\n\n * Difficulties with ‘Early’ Diagnosis\n * Therapy\n\n * Thanks Mom: What My Mother Did Right- Frank Klein\n * The Truth About ABA\n * Intervention Recommendations\n * Teachers\n\n * Bullying\n * Adolecents, Autism Spectrum Disorder, and Secondary School- Wendy Lawson\n * General Public\n\n * Myths about Autism\n\n * Autism Epidemic?\n * Cure?\n * Portrayals in the Media\n * Autistic vs. People with Autism\n\n * Why I dislike “person first” language- Jim Sinclair\n * Diagnosis of ‘Neurotypical’\n * Famous Autistic People\n * Looking Beyond Causes and Cures\n * About the Authors\n\n * Cassie\n * Theresa\n * Contact\n\n# The Truth About ABA\n\nBeing the parent of an autistic child can be very difficult, especially in the\ntype of anti-autistic or “find a cure” society we currently live in. Most\nparents are simply trying to love their child and with the influence of\nsociety and the media who present autism in an unacceptable manner, they may\neasily feel that they must try to find some sort of cure or way to alter the\nbehavior of the child. Currently, many people claim that ABA intervention is\nan appropriate cure. They claim that there are dramatic improvements to\nbehavior and that the majority of children see almost a full recovery with\nintense and time consuming therapy. Although this therapy is based on\nbehavioral psychology, something I believe has significant uses, I think that\nin this case, it is sorely misused. Based on the extreme measures that are\nneeded to make this therapy apparently affective, it blurs the line between\nabuse and intervention. It is in no way acceptable to withhold food from a\nchild until they become hungry enough to comply with behaviors in order to get\nfed. It is also important to realize that although this therapy can sometimes\ndevelop learned behaviors, it is in no way curing the individual of a\nneurological difference such as autism. You cannot teach a person to perform a\nbehavior or set of behaviors for three years and expect their neurons to\nrewire to become non-autistic. It is also believed that although this training\nmy modify behavior, it is not changing how the child wants to act. The child\nis still autistic and is naturally inclined to act in one way, but you are\ntelling them that this behavior is unacceptable. Image yourself being told\nthat you cannot do something you naturally are inclined to like scratch your\nfinger when it itches, just because it is apparently an unacceptable behavior.\nThese children are also forced to live as something they aren’t. This can be\nvery emotionally traumatizing for the child. This treatment can sometimes\nresult in long lasting problems such as PTSD or Post Traumatic Stress Disorder\nwhich could itself need treatment. Besides all the downfalls for the child\nwith this therapy, it is easy to see that many parents will be emotionally\neffected by this therapy. It is extremely time consuming, becoming more like a\nfull time job rather than a therapy. It can also be hard for a parent to put\ntheir child through such an emotional experience. It is hard enough for many\nparents to deal with the pleas and cries of taking care of a “normal” child,\nlet alone put them through hours of repetitive resistance to behaviors that\nmay be painful or uncomfortable for their child.\n\nAlthough parents may try to turn to this therapy in order to help their child,\nthey need to be aware of the disabling qualities it can have. It has not\nproven to be very effective after thorough meta-analysis and has a great\nchance of not be effective at all for your child. It is more important to\naccept your child for who and what they are instead of trying to change your\nchild. That, in itself, will show your child that you love and care about them\nand their future.\n\nBe Sociable, Share!\n\n * Tweet\n\nUntitled by Amanda Post\n\nMy little boy, this love of mine, Does not know how to say; Please give me\nroom for every time, His words get in the way.\n\nYou would not know by passing by, The struggles everyday: But try to look him\nin the eye, You'll see it in his face.\n\nYou may not understand how hard, Small tasks in life can be; How difficult to\nspeak aloud, Or learn your ABC's.\n\nAnd just because he doesn't hug you, Or kiss you hi and bye; Doesn't mean he\ndoesn't love you, Please just give him time!\n\nThrough all the tantrums, fights and tears, I look at him and see; A little\nboy with tons of fears, Who strives for normalcy.\n\nOf course he sees he's different, But he just can't see why; Everybody's time\nis spent, Trying to make him 'right'.\n\nOpen up your heart and mind, And just watch quietly; You'll see a boy who's\nreally trying, Just wants to be happy.\n\nHe's just a scared little boy, With every sight and sound; I know he plays\nwith just one toy, And spins around and round.\n\nI know sometimes he'll yell and scream, He simply cannot say; He is not trying\nto be mean, Things have to be his way.\n\nAll he can say is 'It's not right', Sometimes it seems unreal; He can't\nexpress though try he might, To tell you how he feels.\n\nI know that he repeats himself, And sometimes others too; Believe me that does\nreally help, Anxiety to be removed.\n\nSo please be patient and be kind, Love him everyday; I know in your heart you\nwill find, A place for him always.\n\nHe is my special, beautiful boy, Whom I love endlessly; He is my gift, my\nlove, and my joy He's everything to me\n\nPowered by WordPress | Designed by Elegant Themes | Hosted By: Meffert Web\nHosting LLC\n\n"
}
] |
5,313,709 | How To Write a Sports Article | To write a sports article, start by writing a short, catchy lead, or opening sentence, that mentions the final score and introduces key information that will compel the reader to go deeper into the article. Next, cover essential information like team names, the location of the game, the standout players, and a few other highlights. Then, sprinkle in a couple of quotes from the coaches or players and finish up by covering some of the important plays and any other interesting details. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160809044431/http://www.freelancewriting.com:80/articles/how-to-write-a-sports-report.php",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161022013532/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/04/robots-sports-coverage-associated-press-automated-insights_n_6795648.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160419145510/http://www.webenglishteacher.com:80/sports.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200310135649/https://www.forbes.com/sites/monteburke/2013/12/12/five-great-scenes-in-sports-writing/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161213151306/http://journalism.about.com:80/od/writing/a/sportsstories.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160813002718/http://www.freelancewriting.com:80/articles/FF-writing-sports-stories-of-interest.php"
] | train | 984 | [
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"original_url": "http://www.freelancewriting.com:80/articles/how-to-write-a-sports-report.php",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160809044431/http://www.freelancewriting.com:80/articles/how-to-write-a-sports-report.php",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "HOW TO WRITE A SPORTS REPORT IN 4 STEPS by Nazvi Careem",
"passages": [
"News writing style is just as important for sports reporting as it is for general news, business stories or any other journalistic work.",
"The advantage of sports writing is that you are allowed a little it more leeway in your choice of words. In crime or business writing, you are restricted in your use of adjectives and adverbs and are encouraged to focus more on nouns and verbs.",
"Sports writing, however, allows you to go to town in describing plays, the atmosphere, fans and other colorful aspects of a sporting event.",
"Ideally, any sports story would have quotes from the winners and losers. Indeed, many sports articles are written around what athletes say rather than what they have achieved on the field of play.",
"However, you also have sports articles written without quotes. When rookies learn how to write like a journalist, especially in sport, they are likely to come across the structure that we will show you here.",
"1. Intro - the most important news aspect of a sports game is the score. Who won? How did they win and what effect did the victory have? Also important is whether we are writing from a Boston perspective or Cleveland. In this case, we will go with Cleveland.",
"\"Cleveland Cavaliers lost 98-96 to the Boston Celtics after Delonte West's sank two free throws in the final seconds, dropping three and a half games behind the Pistons for the best record in the Eastern Conference.\"",
"2. More info - The above is enough for those who have a passing interest in the sport. However, NBA fans would want more information and you could give it to them in one or two paragraphs.",
"\"The Cavaliers were without star player LeBron James, suffering from a knee injury, while the Celtics were minus Paul Pierce. Gerald Green led the way for Celtics with 25 points while Kendrick Perkins had 12 points and nine rebounds.",
"The Cavaliers, for whom Larry Hughes scored 24 with Sasha Pavlovic scoring 17, have already qualified for the play-offs while Boston are out of the running.\"",
"3. Quote - This is where you can provide a quote from the coach or a key player from both teams. You can precede each saying with a lead-in paragraph or go straight into the quote.",
"\"Celtic forward Al Jefferson, said: 'They were missing their best player and we were missing our best play. We just stuck in there.'",
"4. The rest - Once you got the main information and key quotes out of the way, you can go on to describe the game. Even better would be to describe just one or two plays and include more quotes.",
"The thinking behind sports articles is that people would have watched the game on TV anyway and would not want boring game description. Therefore, quotes from the people who matter, such as athletes and coaches, would offer better reading value.",
"There are many types of sports news writing that is offered around the world everyday. We have merely showed you its simplest form. Certainly, it is a rewarding form of news writing for journalists who love their sport. And the structure they use allow them to adapt their skills to any type of journalism writing.",
"ABOUT THE AUTHOR Nazvi Careem is an experienced journalist, writer and writing coach who has written for newspapers, magazines and global news agencies such as Reuters, Associated Press and Agence France-Presse. To download a free extract from his book on the secrets to writing news, check out his website dedicated to news writing."
]
},
"parsed_md": "NEWS WRITING - HOW TO WRITE A SPORTS REPORT IN 4 STEPS by Nazvi Careem\n\nQuick Links: Freelance Writing Jobs | Writer's Guidelines | Writing Contests\n\nLast updated: Tuesday 09th of August 2016|\n\nLinkedIn Facebook Twitter Pinterest Writing Career \n \n---|--- \n \nStyleWriter Software - World's largest style, usage and English grammar\nchecker. ( sponsored link )\n\n * Home\n\n * What's New?\n * Contact Us\n * Articles\n\n * View ALL Articles\n * New Articles\n * Feature Articles\n * Search Articles\n * Write for Us\n * Tutorials\n\n * Freelance Video Tutorial Series\n * Sample Query Letters for Writers\n * Media\n\n * Videos on Freelance Writing\n * Free Infographics for Writers\n * Freelance Business Success Series\n * Talk Shows for Writers\n * Audio Articles & Interviews\n * Funny Grammar Mistakes\n * Writing Contests\n\n * Writing and Poetry Contests\n * Creative Writing Contests (No entry fees)\n * Screenwriting Contests\n * Add a Writing Contest\n * Reading\n\n * News for Writers and Authors\n * Freelance Writing Careers\n * Ask the Experts\n * Top 10 Hot Topics Series\n * Top 10 Tips for Writers Series\n * FREE E-Books\n * Discussion Forums\n * Jobs\n\n * Freelance Writing Jobs\n * Online Writing Jobs\n * Paid Writing Gigs\n * Calls for Submissions\n * Writer's Guidelines Database\n * Morning Coffee Newsletter\n * Paid Article Writing Jobs\n * HIRE a Freelance Writer\n\nScroll\n\nGo Back | You are here: View All Articles → New Articles → This Article\n\n### Share\n\nNews Writing - How To Write A Sports Report In 4 Steps by Nazvi Careem\n\nNews writing style is just as important for sports reporting as it is for\ngeneral news, business stories or any other journalistic work.\n\nThe advantage of sports writing is that you are allowed a little it more\nleeway in your choice of words. In crime or business writing, you are\nrestricted in your use of adjectives and adverbs and are encouraged to focus\nmore on nouns and verbs.\n\nSports writing, however, allows you to go to town in describing plays, the\natmosphere, fans and other colorful aspects of a sporting event.\n\nFor this article, we will go through, step by step, how to write a\nstraightforward sports report using quotes.\n\nIdeally, any sports story would have quotes from the winners and losers.\nIndeed, many sports articles are written around what athletes say rather than\nwhat they have achieved on the field of play.\n\nHowever, you also have sports articles written without quotes. When rookies\nlearn how to write like a journalist, especially in sport, they are likely to\ncome across the structure that we will show you here.\n\nWe will adapt the NBA game between Boston Celtics and Cleveland Cavaliers on\nApril 1 as our example article.\n\n1\\. Intro - the most important news aspect of a sports game is the score. Who\nwon? How did they win and what effect did the victory have? Also important is\nwhether we are writing from a Boston perspective or Cleveland. In this case,\nwe will go with Cleveland.\n\n\"Cleveland Cavaliers lost 98-96 to the Boston Celtics after Delonte West's\nsank two free throws in the final seconds, dropping three and a half games\nbehind the Pistons for the best record in the Eastern Conference.\"\n\n2\\. More info - The above is enough for those who have a passing interest in\nthe sport. However, NBA fans would want more information and you could give it\nto them in one or two paragraphs.\n\n\"The Cavaliers were without star player LeBron James, suffering from a knee\ninjury, while the Celtics were minus Paul Pierce. Gerald Green led the way for\nCeltics with 25 points while Kendrick Perkins had 12 points and nine rebounds.\n\nThe Cavaliers, for whom Larry Hughes scored 24 with Sasha Pavlovic scoring 17,\nhave already qualified for the play-offs while Boston are out of the running.\"\n\n3\\. Quote - This is where you can provide a quote from the coach or a key\nplayer from both teams. You can precede each saying with a lead-in paragraph\nor go straight into the quote.\n\n\"Celtic forward Al Jefferson, said: 'They were missing their best player and\nwe were missing our best play. We just stuck in there.'\n\nCavs coach Mike Brown said James' absence was a key factor in their loss.\n\n'We miss LeBron. We miss LeBron every time he doesn't play. He's our guy,'\nsaid Brown.\"\n\n4\\. The rest - Once you got the main information and key quotes out of the\nway, you can go on to describe the game. Even better would be to describe just\none or two plays and include more quotes.\n\nThe thinking behind sports articles is that people would have watched the game\non TV anyway and would not want boring game description. Therefore, quotes\nfrom the people who matter, such as athletes and coaches, would offer better\nreading value.\n\nThere are many types of sports news writing that is offered around the world\neveryday. We have merely showed you its simplest form. Certainly, it is a\nrewarding form of news writing for journalists who love their sport. And the\nstructure they use allow them to adapt their skills to any type of journalism\nwriting.\n\nABOUT THE AUTHOR Nazvi Careem is an experienced journalist, writer and writing\ncoach who has written for newspapers, magazines and global news agencies such\nas Reuters, Associated Press and Agence France-Presse. To download a free\nextract from his book on the secrets to writing news, check out his website\ndedicated to news writing.\n\ncomments powered by Disqus\n\nGo Back | You are here: View All Articles → New Articles → This Article\n\nReceive our free weekly eNewsletters:\n\nErrors, Broken Links, Suggestions? Please or Contact Us (for other inquiries)\n\n#### Quick Links\n\nWhat's New? Freelance Writing Jobs Writer's Guidelines\n\n[ Expand ]\n\nHow-to Articles Writing Contests Video Tutorial Series More Videos & Audios\nFREE E-Books Reading Room Contact Us\n\n#### Articles\n\n• View ALL Articles • View NEW Articles ^popular • View FEATURE Articles •\nSearch ALL Articles • Read Brian Scott's Blog • Write for Us\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\nTweets by @busyguru\n\nReturn to top of page\n\nPrivacy Policy | Copyright © · 1997—2016 Freelance Writing\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/04/robots-sports-coverage-associated-press-automated-insights_n_6795648.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161022013532/http://www.huffingtonpost.com/2015/03/04/robots-sports-coverage-associated-press-automated-insights_n_6795648.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Robots Are About To Write Your Sports Coverage",
"passages": [
"There's a South Carolina vs. Clemson baseball game on. You check for score updates online. You click on a story from The Associated Press.",
"The Associated Press is once again teaming up with technology company Automated Insights to bring its \"robot\" journalism to NCAA college sports, AI announced Wednesday. Starting this spring, the AP will crank out automated sports stories on Division I baseball, and will gradually begin to include Division I women’s basketball, Division II and III men’s basketball and Division II and III football within the next two years.",
"AP and AI joined forces in July to produce quarterly earnings reports for business stories faster and more efficiently. The new focus on college sports will allow the AP to use game statistics provided by the NCAA to produce thousands of college sports stories, bringing coverage to \"every college sports town.\"",
"\"Our goal is to be fully live with stories generated automatically when a game is over and onto AP wires and, in this case, NCAA sites,\" AP's Vice President and Managing Editor Lou Ferrara told The Huffington Post in an email.",
"Ferrara said the decision to bring robot journalism to its sports coverage comes from the high quantity of data involved in sports reports, as well as the general lack of certain types of sports coverage available online.",
"\"At AP, we have been looking at automation with anything involving data, as we did with corporate earnings reports,\" he said. \"Sports have been in our DNA for a long time and automation for certain sports seems like a logical move, particularly for sports not receiving much widespread coverage yet in demand in certain markets.\"",
"AP has used automated technology to report sports stats before. Most of the company's sports agate uses automation, and has for several years. Ferrara told HuffPost that AP has worked a bit with AI on football rankings online, but this is the first time, however, that full-text game stories would be produced.",
"Furthermore, AI's James Kotecki told HuffPost that the company looks forward to growing their relationship with AP, adding that their tools are also used in areas outside of journalism including finance, personal fitness and marketing analytics. The Associated Press also recently hired an automation editor as it explores new ways to use the technology.",
"That's because it's paying off. After partnering with AI to write breaking business stories and earnings reports last summer, AP has been able to go from writing 300 reports to 3,000 reports each quarter, and many of those without any human intervention at all.",
"Of course, critics continue to question whether or not the use of such technology will one day replace real-life journalists. In the past, both AP and Automated Insights have assured readers that no jobs have been lost or threatened due to the introduction of automated articles. Still, AI said in January that the stories written by robots \"contain far fewer errors\" than those that had been written by humans.",
"\"We are always concerned about accuracy,\" Ferrara said. \"But for automation the only error potential, in general, is the result of data being entered incorrectly upstream in the process. And that would be by a human.\""
]
},
"parsed_md": "Robots Are About To Write Your Sports Coverage | Huffington Post\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nعربي (Arabi) Australia Brasil Canada Deutschland España France Ελλάδα (Greece)\n\nIndia Italia 日本 (Japan) 한국 (Korea) Maghreb México United Kingdom United States\n\nINFORM • INSPIRE • ENTERTAIN • EMPOWER\n\nMEDIA\n\n# Robots Are About To Write Your Sports Coverage\n\n03/04/2015 11:00 am ET | Updated Mar 04, 2015\n\nCatherine Taibi Deputy Media Editor, The Huffington Post\n\nDON EMMERT via Getty Images\n\nThere's a South Carolina vs. Clemson baseball game on. You check for score\nupdates online. You click on a story from The Associated Press.\n\nIn a few months, there's a good chance that story will have been written by a\nrobot.\n\nThe Associated Press is once again teaming up with technology company\nAutomated Insights to bring its \"robot\" journalism to NCAA college sports, AI\nannounced Wednesday. Starting this spring, the AP will crank out automated\nsports stories on Division I baseball, and will gradually begin to include\nDivision I women’s basketball, Division II and III men’s basketball and\nDivision II and III football within the next two years.\n\nAP and AI joined forces in July to produce quarterly earnings reports for\nbusiness stories faster and more efficiently. The new focus on college sports\nwill allow the AP to use game statistics provided by the NCAA to produce\nthousands of college sports stories, bringing coverage to \"every college\nsports town.\"\n\n\"Our goal is to be fully live with stories generated automatically when a game\nis over and onto AP wires and, in this case, NCAA sites,\" AP's Vice President\nand Managing Editor Lou Ferrara told The Huffington Post in an email.\n\nFerrara said the decision to bring robot journalism to its sports coverage\ncomes from the high quantity of data involved in sports reports, as well as\nthe general lack of certain types of sports coverage available online.\n\n\"At AP, we have been looking at automation with anything involving data, as we\ndid with corporate earnings reports,\" he said. \"Sports have been in our DNA\nfor a long time and automation for certain sports seems like a logical move,\nparticularly for sports not receiving much widespread coverage yet in demand\nin certain markets.\"\n\nAP has used automated technology to report sports stats before. Most of the\ncompany's sports agate uses automation, and has for several years. Ferrara\ntold HuffPost that AP has worked a bit with AI on football rankings online,\nbut this is the first time, however, that full-text game stories would be\nproduced.\n\nFurthermore, AI's James Kotecki told HuffPost that the company looks forward\nto growing their relationship with AP, adding that their tools are also used\nin areas outside of journalism including finance, personal fitness and\nmarketing analytics. The Associated Press also recently hired an automation\neditor as it explores new ways to use the technology.\n\nThat's because it's paying off. After partnering with AI to write breaking\nbusiness stories and earnings reports last summer, AP has been able to go from\nwriting 300 reports to 3,000 reports each quarter, and many of those without\nany human intervention at all.\n\nOf course, critics continue to question whether or not the use of such\ntechnology will one day replace real-life journalists. In the past, both AP\nand Automated Insights have assured readers that no jobs have been lost or\nthreatened due to the introduction of automated articles. Still, AI said in\nJanuary that the stories written by robots \"contain far fewer errors\" than\nthose that had been written by humans.\n\nFerrara echoed this idea to HuffPost, adding that the only potential for error\ncomes from humans.\n\n\"We are always concerned about accuracy,\" Ferrara said. \"But for automation\nthe only error potential, in general, is the result of data being entered\nincorrectly upstream in the process. And that would be by a human.\"\n\n## More:\n\nAutomated Insights Associated Press Robot Journalism Automated Insights Ncaa\nRobots Sports Coverage\n\nSuggest a correction\n\nComments\n\n# From Our Partners\n\nPresented by LendingTree\n\nClose\n\n### SUBSCRIBE AND FOLLOW\n\nGet top stories and blog posts emailed to me each day. Newsletters may offer\npersonalized content or advertisements.\n\nLearn more\n\n * 8.32 M\n * 7.96 M\n * 449 K\n * Podcast\n * Add us on Snapchat\n\nRobots Are About To Write Your Sports Coverage\n\nNEW! HIGHLIGHT AND SHARE\n\nHighlight text to share via Facebook and Twitter\n\n### CURATED FOR YOU\n\nGenerated from related, personalized and trending articles. View your news\nhomepage.\n\n## CONVERSATIONS\n\n * Advertise\n * RSS\n * Careers\n * FAQ\n\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy\n * Comment Policy\n * About Us\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * Archive\n\nCopyright © 2016 TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. \"The Huffington Post\" is a\nregistered trademark of TheHuffingtonPost.com, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost • HPMG News\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.webenglishteacher.com:80/sports.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160419145510/http://www.webenglishteacher.com:80/sports.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Sports Writing @Web English Teacher",
"passages": [
"\"The Ghost of the Gridiron\" by W. C. Heinz A model of writing about football, published in 1958. Available on PDF and Google docs formats in addition to being available to read online. Copyright clearance is needed to make paper copies for the classroom.",
"How to Write a Sports Story Examples and practice for middle school and above. This 13-page handout requires MS-Word or compatible application.",
"Narrative, Argumentative and Informative Writing About Baseball Four writing activities for middle school and up. Common Core Standards provided. Don't miss the extension activity, a link to Abbott and Costello's \"Who's on First?\"",
"Super Sportswriters' Camp Students will identify the parts of a newspaper sports article in order to plan, write, and publish their own sports article. Lesson includes handout and rubric and is designed for grade 5.",
"Writing Effective Openings A challenge to students to write their own great opening lines, along with examples, tips, a quiz, and some lively student samples to help.",
"Web English Teacher presents the best of K-12 English Language Arts teaching resources: lesson plans, videos, e-texts, technology integration, criticism, and classroom activities.",
"Web English Teacher presents the best of K-12 English Language Arts teaching resources: lesson plans, videos, e-texts, technology integration, criticism, and classroom activities."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Sports Writing @Web English Teacher\n\nFollow us on:\n\nLoading\n\nHome\n\nChalkdust (blog) Blog\n\nSite Map\n\nContact Us\n\n@\n\nSign Up Now for the Web English Teacher FREE Newsletter\n\n * Home\n * AP & IB\n * Book Reports\n * Children's Literature\n * Drama\n * ENL/ESL\n * Grammar\n * Interdisciplinary\n * Journalism\n * Just for Fun\n * Literature (Prose)\n * Media\n * Mythology\n * Poetry\n * Professional Resources\n * Reading/Literacy\n * Shakespeare\n * Speech\n * Study Guides\n * Technology Integration\n * Vocabulary\n * Writing\n * Young Adult Literature\n\n# Sports Writing\n\n\"Friday Night Tykes\" by Byran Curtis A model article about youth football.\n\n\"The Ghost of the Gridiron\" by W. C. Heinz A model of writing about football,\npublished in 1958. Available on PDF and Google docs formats in addition to\nbeing available to read online. Copyright clearance is needed to make paper\ncopies for the classroom.\n\nHow To Write a Sports Article Strong lead, clear writing, quotes, and more.\nGood for upper elementary and up.\n\nHow to Write a Sports Story Examples and practice for middle school and above.\nThis 13-page handout requires MS-Word or compatible application.\n\nNarrative, Argumentative and Informative Writing About Baseball Four writing\nactivities for middle school and up. Common Core Standards provided. Don't\nmiss the extension activity, a link to Abbott and Costello's \"Who's on First?\"\n\nSuper Sportswriters' Camp Students will identify the parts of a newspaper\nsports article in order to plan, write, and publish their own sports article.\nLesson includes handout and rubric and is designed for grade 5.\n\nA Whistle-Stop School with Big-Time Talent An example of writing about\nfootball: Jerry Izenberg writes about Coach Eddie Robinson and Grambling State\nUniversity's football program.\n\nWriting Effective Openings A challenge to students to write their own great\nopening lines, along with examples, tips, a quiz, and some lively student\nsamples to help.\n\nWriting Sports Profiles Advice on considering conflict, news angle, setting,\nand more.\n\n| About | Site Map | Privacy Policy | Contact Us |\n\n©2000-2016 Web English Teacher, all rights reserved.\n\nWeb English Teacher presents the best of K-12 English Language Arts teaching\nresources: lesson plans, videos, e-texts, technology integration, criticism,\nand classroom activities.\n\nThis page updated March 2, 2015.\n\nTweets by @webenglishteach\n\nLoading\n\n| About | Site Map | Privacy Policy | Contact Us |\n\n©2000-2016 Web English Teacher, all rights reserved.\n\nWeb English Teacher presents the best of K-12 English Language Arts teaching\nresources: lesson plans, videos, e-texts, technology integration, criticism,\nand classroom activities.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.forbes.com/sites/monteburke/2013/12/12/five-great-scenes-in-sports-writing/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200310135649/https://www.forbes.com/sites/monteburke/2013/12/12/five-great-scenes-in-sports-writing/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Five Examples Of Great Sports Writing",
"passages": [
"If this is your first time registering, please check your inbox for more information about the benefits of your Forbes account and what you can do next!",
"Forbes takes privacy seriously and is committed to transparency. We will never share your email address with third parties without your permission. By signing in, you are indicating that you accept our Terms of Service and Privacy Statement.",
"Sports seems to bring out the best in our greatest writers. I’m not exactly sure why that is, but I suspect it has something to do with the inherent drama in sports (which can have a time-transporting effect—I felt like a 10-year-old boy again while watching the end of this year’s Iron Bowl) and the friction caused by the fact that these sports “heroes” who are treated like gods are in fact mere mortals like the rest of us",
"I devour great prose about sports, and will read the same piece sometimes dozens of times, in an attempt to learn more about the craft and, frankly, to be entertained. Great writing is one of the world’s last great turn-ons.",
"(Wallace was a great essayist and novelist, and was especially good on tennis, a sport he played competitively at the youth level.)",
"A top athlete’s beauty is next to impossible to describe directly. Or to evoke. Federer’s forehand is a great liquid whip, his backhand a one-hander that he can drive flat, load with topspin, or slice — the slice with such snap that the ball turns shapes in the air and skids on the grass to maybe ankle height. His serve has world-class pace and a degree of placement and variety no one else comes close to; the service motion is lithe and uneccentric, distinctive (on TV) only in a certain eel-like all-body snap at the moment of impact. His anticipation and court sense are otherworldly, and his footwork is the best in the game—as a child, he was also a soccer prodigy. All this is true, and yet none of it really explains anything or evokes the experience of watching this man play. Of witnessing, firsthand, the beauty and genius of his game. You more have to come at the aesthetic stuff obliquely, to talk around it, or—as Aquinas did with his own ineffable subject—to try to define it in terms of what it is not.",
"He was then 39, she was 27. They had been married in January of that year, 1954, despite disharmony in temperament and time; he was tired of publicity, she was thriving on it; he was intolerant of tardiness, she was always late. During their honeymoon in Tokyo an American general had introduced himself and asked if, as a patriotic gesture, she would visit the troops in Korea. She looked at Joe. 'It's your honeymoon,' he said, shrugging, 'go ahead if you want to.'",
"She appeared on 10 occasions before 100,000 servicemen, and when she returned, she said, 'It was so wonderful, Joe. You never heard such cheering.'",
"(This is fiction and not a book about sports, but one of McCarthy’s enduring characters, the Judge, nails the essence of our attraction to games and sports.)",
"Men are born for games. Nothing else. Every child knows that play is nobler than work. He knows too that the worth or merit of a game in not inherent in the game itself but rather in value of that which is put at hazard. Games of chance require a wager to have meaning at all. Games of sport involve the skill and strength of the opponents and the humiliation of defeat and the pride of victory are in themselves sufficient stake because they inhere in the worth of the principals and define them. But trial of chance or trial of worth all games aspire to the condition of war for here that which is wagered swallows up game, player, all.",
"(This piece was published just this year. Frazier has become one of my favorite prose stylists. This story is constructed with many perfect little descriptive moments like this one.)",
"Casting for steelhead is like calling God on the telephone, and it rings and rings and rings, hundreds of rings, a thousand rings, and you listen to each ring as if an answer might come at any moment, but no answer comes, and no answer comes, and then on the 1,001st ring, or the 1,047th ring, God loses his patience and picks up the phone and yells, “WHAT THE HELL ARE YOU CALLING ME FOR?” in a voice the size of the canyon. You would fall to your knees if you weren’t chest-deep in water and afraid that the rocketing, leaping creature you have somehow tied into will get away.",
"My book about former TD Ameritrade CEO-turned-football coach, Joe Moglia: “4th AND GOAL: One Man’s Quest to Recapture His Dream.”",
"I am the author of the New York Times bestseller, “Saban: The Making of a Coach,\" a biography of Alabama head coach, Nick Saban. I'm also the author of “4TH And Goal: One",
"I am the author of the New York Times bestseller, “Saban: The Making of a Coach,\" a biography of Alabama head coach, Nick Saban. I'm also the author of “4TH And Goal: One Man’s Quest to Recapture His Dream,\" which won an Axiom Award, and “Sowbelly: The Obsessive Quest for the World Record Largemouth Bass,\" which was named one of the best books of the year by Sports Illustrated and Amazon, and was chosen for Barnes & Noble's \"Discover Great New Writers\" program. After a 14-year stint as a reporter, staff writer and editor at Forbes, I am now a contributing editor at the magazine. I'm also a contributing editor at Garden & Gun and The Drake. You can reach me at monteburke13@gmail.com, via Twitter @monteburke, or through monteburke.com."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Five Examples Of Great Sports Writing\n\nSign in to your Forbes account or\n\nregister\n\n## Please help us continue to provide you with free, quality journalism by\nturning off your ad blocker on our site.\n\nFor instructions on how to disable your ad blocker, click here.\n\nI’ve Turned Off My Ad Blocker\n\nOr Sign In To Continue Using An Ad Blocker\n\n### Thank you for signing in.\n\nIf this is your first time registering, please check your inbox for more\ninformation about the benefits of your Forbes account and what you can do\nnext!\n\nForbes takes privacy seriously and is committed to transparency. We will never\nshare your email address with third parties without your permission. By\nsigning in, you are indicating that you accept our Terms of Service and\nPrivacy Statement.\n\nBETA\n\nThis is a BETA experience. You may opt-out by clicking here\n\nEdit Story\n\nDec 12, 2013,10:42am EST\n\n# Five Examples Of Great Sports Writing\n\nMonte BurkeContributor\n\nOpinions expressed by Forbes Contributors are their own.\n\nSportsMoney\n\nThis article is more than 2 years old.\n\n * Share to Facebook\n * Share to Twitter\n * Share to Linkedin\n\nSports seems to bring out the best in our greatest writers. I’m not exactly\nsure why that is, but I suspect it has something to do with the inherent drama\nin sports (which can have a time-transporting effect—I felt like a 10-year-old\nboy again while watching the end of this year’s Iron Bowl) and the friction\ncaused by the fact that these sports “heroes” who are treated like gods are in\nfact mere mortals like the rest of us\n\nGay Talese (Photo credit: Wikipedia)\n\nI devour great prose about sports, and will read the same piece sometimes\ndozens of times, in an attempt to learn more about the craft and, frankly, to\nbe entertained. Great writing is one of the world’s last great turn-ons.\n\nHere are five of my favorite scenes/lines from pieces of sports writing that I\nreturn to year after year:\n\nFrom “Federer as Religious Experience” by David Foster Wallace (2006)\n\n(Wallace was a great essayist and novelist, and was especially good on tennis,\na sport he played competitively at the youth level.)\n\n> A top athlete’s beauty is next to impossible to describe directly. Or to\n> evoke. Federer’s forehand is a great liquid whip, his backhand a one-hander\n> that he can drive flat, load with topspin, or slice — the slice with such\n> snap that the ball turns shapes in the air and skids on the grass to maybe\n> ankle height. His serve has world-class pace and a degree of placement and\n> variety no one else comes close to; the service motion is lithe and\n> uneccentric, distinctive (on TV) only in a certain eel-like all-body snap at\n> the moment of impact. His anticipation and court sense are otherworldly, and\n> his footwork is the best in the game—as a child, he was also a soccer\n> prodigy. All this is true, and yet none of it really explains anything or\n> evokes the experience of watching this man play. Of witnessing, firsthand,\n> the beauty and genius of his game. You more have to come at the aesthetic\n> stuff obliquely, to talk around it, or—as Aquinas did with his own ineffable\n> subject—to try to define it in terms of what it is not.\n\nToday In: SportsMoney\n\n * ### Max Scherzer, Justin Verlander And Jack Flaherty Throw MLB’s Best Sliders\n\n * ### The Impact Of Lloyd McClendon’s Hitting Philosophies On Young Detroit Tigers’ Hitters\n\n * ### Serie A Suspended Until April 3 As Italy Is Placed On Lockdown\n\nFrom “The Silent Season of a Hero” by Gay Talese (1966)\n\n(Here Talese describes a scene from the wayward marriage of Joe DiMaggio and\nMarilyn Monroe.)\n\n> He was then 39, she was 27. They had been married in January of that year,\n> 1954, despite disharmony in temperament and time; he was tired of publicity,\n> she was thriving on it; he was intolerant of tardiness, she was always late.\n> During their honeymoon in Tokyo an American general had introduced himself\n> and asked if, as a patriotic gesture, she would visit the troops in Korea.\n> She looked at Joe. 'It's your honeymoon,' he said, shrugging, 'go ahead if\n> you want to.'\n>\n> She appeared on 10 occasions before 100,000 servicemen, and when she\n> returned, she said, 'It was so wonderful, Joe. You never heard such\n> cheering.'\n>\n> 'Yes, I have,' he said.\n\nFrom “The Longest Silence” by Thomas McGuane (1969)\n\n(McGuane’s perfect first line in one of the best stories ever written about\nangling.)\n\n> What is most emphatic in angling is made so by the long silences---the\n> unproductive periods.\n\nFrom the novel, “Blood Meridian,” by Cormac McCarthy (1985)\n\n(This is fiction and not a book about sports, but one of McCarthy’s enduring\ncharacters, the Judge, nails the essence of our attraction to games and\nsports.)\n\n> Men are born for games. Nothing else. Every child knows that play is nobler\n> than work. He knows too that the worth or merit of a game in not inherent in\n> the game itself but rather in value of that which is put at hazard. Games of\n> chance require a wager to have meaning at all. Games of sport involve the\n> skill and strength of the opponents and the humiliation of defeat and the\n> pride of victory are in themselves sufficient stake because they inhere in\n> the worth of the principals and define them. But trial of chance or trial of\n> worth all games aspire to the condition of war for here that which is\n> wagered swallows up game, player, all.\n\nFrom “The Last Days of Stealhead Joe” by Ian Frazier\n\n(This piece was published just this year. Frazier has become one of my\nfavorite prose stylists. This story is constructed with many perfect little\ndescriptive moments like this one.)\n\n> Casting for steelhead is like calling God on the telephone, and it rings and\n> rings and rings, hundreds of rings, a thousand rings, and you listen to each\n> ring as if an answer might come at any moment, but no answer comes, and no\n> answer comes, and then on the 1,001st ring, or the 1,047th ring, God loses\n> his patience and picks up the phone and yells, “WHAT THE HELL ARE YOU\n> CALLING ME FOR?” in a voice the size of the canyon. You would fall to your\n> knees if you weren’t chest-deep in water and afraid that the rocketing,\n> leaping creature you have somehow tied into will get away.\n\n\\--\n\nFollow me on Twitter.\n\nMy book about former TD Ameritrade CEO-turned-football coach, Joe Moglia: “4th\nAND GOAL: One Man’s Quest to Recapture His Dream.”\n\nMonte Burke\n\nI am the author of the New York Times bestseller, “Saban: The Making of a\nCoach,\" a biography of Alabama head coach, Nick Saban. I'm also the author of\n“4TH And Goal: One\n\n...\n\nI am the author of the New York Times bestseller, “Saban: The Making of a\nCoach,\" a biography of Alabama head coach, Nick Saban. I'm also the author of\n“4TH And Goal: One Man’s Quest to Recapture His Dream,\" which won an Axiom\nAward, and “Sowbelly: The Obsessive Quest for the World Record Largemouth\nBass,\" which was named one of the best books of the year by Sports Illustrated\nand Amazon, and was chosen for Barnes & Noble's \"Discover Great New Writers\"\nprogram. After a 14-year stint as a reporter, staff writer and editor at\nForbes, I am now a contributing editor at the magazine. I'm also a\ncontributing editor at Garden & Gun and The Drake. You can reach me at\nmonteburke13@gmail.com, via Twitter @monteburke, or through monteburke.com.\n\n * Print\n * Site Feedback\n * Tips\n * Corrections\n * Reprints & Permissions\n * Terms\n * Privacy\n\n * © 2020 Forbes Media LLC. All Rights Reserved.\n * AdChoices\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://journalism.about.com:80/od/writing/a/sportsstories.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161213151306/http://journalism.about.com:80/od/writing/a/sportsstories.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tips for Writing 5 Types of Sports Stories",
"passages": [
"Getting a handle on sportswriting can be daunting because there are so many different kinds of stories that can be done. For the aspiring sportswriter, these are some of the main types.",
"The straight-lede game story is the most basic story in all of sportswriting. It's just what it sounds like: an article about a game that uses a straight- news type of lede. The lede summarizes the main points - who won, who lost, the score, and what the star player did.",
"Quarterback Pete Faust threw thre touchdown passes to lead the Jefferson High School Eagles to a 21-7 victory over crosstown rival McKinley High.",
"The rest of the story follows from there, with an account of the big plays and playmakers, and after-game quotes from coaches and players. Because they often focus on high school and small-college teams, straight-lede game stories tend to be fairly tightly written.",
"But they're used less nowadays for pro sports. Why? Because pro sports are seen on TV and most fans of a particular team know the score of a game long before they read about it.",
"Feature-lede game stories are common for pro sports. Readers usually already know the score of pro games as soon as they're done, so when they pick up a sports section they want stories they offer a different angle on what happened and why.",
"It had rained all that day in the city of brotherly love, so when the Philadelphia Eagles took the field the ground was already a soggy mess - much like the game that would follow.",
"So it was somehow fitting that the Eagles would lose 31-7 to the Dallas Cowboys in a contest that was one of the worst of quarterback Donovan McNabb's career. McNabb threw two interceptions and fumbled the ball three times.",
"The story starts out with some description, and doesn't get to the final score until the second paragraph. Again, that's fine: readers will already know the score. It's the writer's job to give them something more.",
"Delayed-lede game stories tend to be a bit more in-depth that straight-lede stories, and as a result are often longer.",
"The sports world is full of colorful characters, so it's no surprise that personality profiles are a staple of sportswriting. Whether it's a charismatic coach or a young athlete on the rise, some of the best profiles anywhere are found in sports sections.",
"Norman Dale surveys the court as his players practice layups. A pained look crosses the face of the coach of the McKinley High School basketball team as one player after another misses the basket.",
"\"Again!\" he shouts. \"Again! You don't stop! You don't quit! York work 'till you get it right!\" And so they continue, until they start to get it right. Coach Dale wouldn't have it any other way.",
"Season previews and wrap-ups are fixtures of the sportswriter's repertoire. These are done any time a team and a coach are preparing for the coming season, or when the season has just ended, either in glory or infamy.",
"Obviously the focus here isn't a specific game or even individual, but a broad look at the season - how the coach and players expect things to go, or how they feel once that season is done.",
"Coach Jenna Johnson has high hopes for the Pennwood High School women's basketball team this year. After all, the Lions were city champions last year, led by the play of Juanita Ramirez, who returns to the team this year as a senior. \"We expect great things from her,\" Coach Johnson says.",
"A column is where the sportswriter gets to vent his or her opinions, and the best sports columnists do just that, fearlessly. Often that means being very tough on coaches, players or teams who don't meet expectations, particularly at the pro level, where all concerned are being paid huge salaries to do just one thing - win.",
"But sports columnists also focus on those they admire, whether it's an inspirational coach who leads a team of underdogs to a great season, or a mostly unheralded player who may be short on natural talent but makes up for it with hard work and unselfish play.",
"Lamont Wilson certainly isn't the tallest player on the McKinley High School basketball team. At 5-foot-9, he's hard to spot in the sea of mid 6-footers on the court. But Wilson is the model of an unselfish team player, the kind of athlete who makes those around him shine. \"I just do whatever I can to help the team,\" the ever-modest Wilson says."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tips for Writing 5 Types of Sports Stories\n\n * About.com\n * Autos\n * Careers\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Education\n * en Español\n * Entertainment\n * Food\n * Health\n * Home\n * Money\n * News & Issues\n * Parenting\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports\n * Style\n * Tech\n * Travel\n\n * 1\n\nTips for Writing 5 Types of Sports Stories\n\n * 2\n\nEverything You Need to Know to Become a Sportsw...\n\n * 3\n\nFor Aspiring Sportswriters, a Look at How to...\n\n * 4\n\nWant to Get Your Start in Sports Journalism?...\n\n * 5\n\nHere's How to Write Creative Feature Stories...\n\n * About.com\n * About News & Issues\n * Journalism\n * Sports Journalism\n\n# Tips for Writing 5 Types of Sports Stories\n\nFrom Simple Game Stories to Columns\n\nJupiterimages/Photolibrary/Getty Images\n\nBy Tony Rogers\n\nJournalism Expert\n\nBy Tony Rogers\n\nUpdated September 02, 2016.\n\nGetting a handle on sportswriting can be daunting because there are so many\ndifferent kinds of stories that can be done. For the aspiring sportswriter,\nthese are some of the main types.\n\n### The Straight-Lede Game Story\n\nThe straight-lede game story is the most basic story in all of sportswriting.\nIt's just what it sounds like: an article about a game that uses a straight-\nnews type of lede. The lede summarizes the main points - who won, who lost,\nthe score, and what the star player did.\n\nHere's an example of this kind of lede:\n\nQuarterback Pete Faust threw thre touchdown passes to lead the Jefferson High\nSchool Eagles to a 21-7 victory over crosstown rival McKinley High.\n\nThe rest of the story follows from there, with an account of the big plays and\nplaymakers, and after-game quotes from coaches and players. Because they often\nfocus on high school and small-college teams, straight-lede game stories tend\nto be fairly tightly written.\n\nStraight-lede game stories are still used for coverage of high school and some\ncollege sports.\n\nBut they're used less nowadays for pro sports. Why? Because pro sports are\nseen on TV and most fans of a particular team know the score of a game long\nbefore they read about it.\n\n### The Feature-Lede Game Story\n\nFeature-lede game stories are common for pro sports. Readers usually already\nknow the score of pro games as soon as they're done, so when they pick up a\nsports section they want stories they offer a different angle on what happened\nand why.\n\nHere's an example of a game story feature lede:\n\nIt had rained all that day in the city of brotherly love, so when the\nPhiladelphia Eagles took the field the ground was already a soggy mess - much\nlike the game that would follow.\n\nSo it was somehow fitting that the Eagles would lose 31-7 to the Dallas\nCowboys in a contest that was one of the worst of quarterback Donovan McNabb's\ncareer. McNabb threw two interceptions and fumbled the ball three times.\n\nThe story starts out with some description, and doesn't get to the final score\nuntil the second paragraph. Again, that's fine: readers will already know the\nscore. It's the writer's job to give them something more.\n\nDelayed-lede game stories tend to be a bit more in-depth that straight-lede\nstories, and as a result are often longer.\n\n### Profiles\n\nThe sports world is full of colorful characters, so it's no surprise that\npersonality profiles are a staple of sportswriting. Whether it's a charismatic\ncoach or a young athlete on the rise, some of the best profiles anywhere are\nfound in sports sections.\n\nHere's an example of a profile lede:\n\nNorman Dale surveys the court as his players practice layups. A pained look\ncrosses the face of the coach of the McKinley High School basketball team as\none player after another misses the basket.\n\n\"Again!\" he shouts. \"Again! You don't stop! You don't quit! York work 'till\nyou get it right!\" And so they continue, until they start to get it right.\nCoach Dale wouldn't have it any other way.\n\n### Season Preview and Wrap-up Stories\n\nSeason previews and wrap-ups are fixtures of the sportswriter's repertoire.\nThese are done any time a team and a coach are preparing for the coming\nseason, or when the season has just ended, either in glory or infamy.\n\nObviously the focus here isn't a specific game or even individual, but a broad\nlook at the season - how the coach and players expect things to go, or how\nthey feel once that season is done.\n\nHere's an example of a lede for this kind of story:\n\nCoach Jenna Johnson has high hopes for the Pennwood High School women's\nbasketball team this year. After all, the Lions were city champions last year,\nled by the play of Juanita Ramirez, who returns to the team this year as a\nsenior. \"We expect great things from her,\" Coach Johnson says.\n\n### Columns\n\nA column is where the sportswriter gets to vent his or her opinions, and the\nbest sports columnists do just that, fearlessly. Often that means being very\ntough on coaches, players or teams who don't meet expectations, particularly\nat the pro level, where all concerned are being paid huge salaries to do just\none thing - win.\n\nBut sports columnists also focus on those they admire, whether it's an\ninspirational coach who leads a team of underdogs to a great season, or a\nmostly unheralded player who may be short on natural talent but makes up for\nit with hard work and unselfish play.\n\nHere's an example of how a sports column might begin:\n\nLamont Wilson certainly isn't the tallest player on the McKinley High School\nbasketball team. At 5-foot-9, he's hard to spot in the sea of mid 6-footers on\nthe court. But Wilson is the model of an unselfish team player, the kind of\nathlete who makes those around him shine. \"I just do whatever I can to help\nthe team,\" the ever-modest Wilson says.\n\nShow Full Article\n\n##### Related\n\n * How to Become a Sportswriter\n * Here's a Guide to Writing a Short Game Story in Sports\n * Get Your Start in Sports Journalism by Covering the Local Teams\n * What is a Delayed Lede and How Can You Use One in a Feature Story?\n\n##### More from the Web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\n##### Journalism\n\n * Reporting - Interviewing - Journalism\n * Newswriting\n * Feature Writing\n * Citizen Journalism - News Reporting - Citizen Journalism\n * College Journalism\n * Sports Journalism, Sports Writing, Sports Reporting\n * Web Journalism - News About Journalism Websites and Blogs\n * Journalism Careers - Journalism Jobs - Careers in Journalism\n * Tech Training, Journalism - Technical Skills That Journalists Should Know\n * Editing and AP Style\n * Journalism Trends\n * Journalists - Profiles - Profiles of Journalists\n * Ethics & Professionalism\n * Journalism Links - Links to Journalism Websites\n * Getting Personal - Columns With a Personal Point of View on Journalism, the News Business and Life in General\n\nAbout News & Issues Follow us:\n\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About News & Issues in your inbox.\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n * Our Story\n * Advertise With Us\n * Site Map\n * Help\n\n * Write for About\n * Careers at About\n * Terms of Use & Policies\n\n© 2016 About, Inc. — All rights reserved.\n\nAlso from About.com: Verywell, The Balance & Lifewire\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.freelancewriting.com:80/articles/FF-writing-sports-stories-of-interest.php",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160813002718/http://www.freelancewriting.com:80/articles/FF-writing-sports-stories-of-interest.php",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "WRITING SPORTS STORIES OF INTEREST (Freelance Writing) by Jon Waszack",
"passages": [
"Many writers believe that a sports story is nothing more than writing a non- fiction piece describing the events of a baseball game or boxing match. Their plots, if writers decide to flesh one out, are often similar, slight and threadbare with constant use.",
"During the summer I teach a course on sports writing. When I ask my students to cover a sporting event and \"write a sports story\" (with no further instructions), 9 out of 10 students watch a sporting event on TV or attend a baseball game and rehash on paper what they have observed. They write about which player scored what point in what inning or at what quarter. Nearly every student's article sounds the same, with the same plot, the same characters, the same scores, and nearly identical settings. Very few aspiring student writers realize that they can either choose to write the typical objective, newspaper-style sports article (as mentioned above), or they can write a subjective, human-interest sports story or a sports story based entirely on fiction.",
"To write any successful sports story (fiction or non-fiction), the writer must familiarize himself with the precise details of the sport. Even the smallest error in covering or describing a particular sport may enrage diehard sports fanatics who know something about how the sport is played. You must build your plot solidly and substantially, with the real human interest of your sports story attracting the sympathy and attention of the reader.",
"It has always seemed strange to me that college graduates who have turned to writing neglect the creative writing aspects of this genre. Granted that the sports story will not live and make its author famous, but how many stories do? It will, however, pay the bills because all sports stories are marketable.",
"Many writers who have played sports competitively in college, sometimes turn outside of their city or state for material, when some of their own observations and experiences would make splendid plot material.",
"Did you ever experience the hot flood of shame that sweeps over a ball player when he \"boots\" a ball in a close game?",
"Do you know how a boxer feels, tottering on the verge of a knockout, or the thrill of fear that stabs at a jockey's heart when his horse stumbles?",
"A great sports writer knows how to make his reader hear the crack of the bat against the ball, make him see the white speck as it rises against the blue of the sky, and make him share the feelings of the outfielder as he misses the ball.",
"Burt L. Standish's \"Merriwell\" and \"Lefty\" stories are tales of sport that have made the author's name a household word.",
"Ashton Stevens, the well known dramatic critic, said of Jack London, the great primitive fictionist: \"He has, in his novel 'The Game,' translated to the stage a prize fight, better than Bernard Shaw in either novel or play.\" And you must be aware that prize fighting (including mixed martial arts) is regarded as a sport by several million enthusiasts, and good stories of the ring always sell.",
"You can find many magazines that demand exciting, fulfilling and heart-felt sports stories. Magazines for teenagers and kids (including teenage religion magazines) have a constant demand for sports-related stories that teach readers life-building skills. The higher class periodicals, such as ESPN The Magazine, Sports Illustrated, Golf Digest, and Health and Fitness magazine, offer space for sports stories with specific and broad appeal. An often overlooked market to sell your sports articles are regional parenting magazines (yes, parenting magazines), which always seek sports stories that appeal to local interests.",
"It is assumed that you can write some kind of salable story. If you can do this, and have a deep rooted liking for and understanding of American athletics, then by all means, write a sports story.",
"If you cannot evolve a plot with something newer and unique in it than a homerun in the ninth inning with the basses full, look up some old ball player, golfer or tennis pro and get him talking about himself. I have met very few retired sports legends who were not willing to talk about their past triumphs, defeats and successes. In this way you can pick up enough plot germs for a dozen stories.",
"I will tell you how I picked up a plot for a creative non-fiction sports story. If you keep your eyes open and your brain alert you can find them just as easily.",
"One day after I had just completed an interview with a local police officer at the police station in City Hall, I observed two police officers escorting a big guy into the station. Although middle-aged, he was muscular in stature, with a brutish face, \"cauliflowered\" ears, and the general marks and scars of having fought too many heavyweights in a boxing ring. I asked the police sergeant why the police had arrested the man.",
"\"He killed a guy out west a few years ago, and we just got our hooks on him now.\" The police sergeant, knowing I wrote a local sports column for our community newspaper, told me, \"He's Devin McNiel. You might be familiar with him. He was a semi-pro boxer from New Orleans back in the '70s.\"",
"I made a note of it, and promptly forgot the affair. A few days later in reading over my notes, I saw the item, and the big man's heavy face flashed before my mental vision. Of course he would obviously be out of place as the hero of any story under the sun, and so I was provided with a first class villain.",
"The murder he had committed in the west—I used this as a starting point. As he had been captured in the east I had him brought to New York by a man interested in boxing. A strong young man and a pretty girl are nearly indispensible, and so I used them as the next ingredients. With those four characters, the hustling city of New York as a background, and a knowledge of the inside workings of the \"boxing game,\" I knew I could create some interesting situations. I made a novelette of it, and Street & Smith bought it. A twenty thousand word story from the brutal face of a prize fighter!",
"If you really think you have a sports story in you, write it. The field is large and constantly increasing. Of course it will be hard to get away from the conventional, but if you cannot do it, you are not a writer: you have not the power of imagination and grit.",
"Whether you decide to write the conventional, news-style sports story, a sports story based on fiction or non-fiction, you can always find editors ready and eager to buy good sports stories. Many magazines, websites and newspapers demand good sport stories, particularly those dealing with baseball, football, soccer, mixed martial arts, golf, hockey or the ring."
]
},
"parsed_md": "WRITING SPORTS STORIES OF INTEREST (Freelance Writing) by Jon Waszack\n\nQuick Links: Freelance Writing Jobs | Writer's Guidelines | Writing Contests\n\nLast updated: Saturday 13th of August 2016|\n\nLinkedIn Facebook Twitter Pinterest Writing Career \n \n---|--- \n \nStyleWriter Software - World's largest style, usage and English grammar\nchecker. ( sponsored link )\n\n * Home\n\n * What's New?\n * Contact Us\n * Articles\n\n * View ALL Articles\n * New Articles\n * Feature Articles\n * Search Articles\n * Write for Us\n * Tutorials\n\n * Freelance Video Tutorial Series\n * Sample Query Letters for Writers\n * Media\n\n * Videos on Freelance Writing\n * Free Infographics for Writers\n * Freelance Business Success Series\n * Talk Shows for Writers\n * Audio Articles & Interviews\n * Funny Grammar Mistakes\n * Writing Contests\n\n * Writing and Poetry Contests\n * Creative Writing Contests (No entry fees)\n * Screenwriting Contests\n * Add a Writing Contest\n * Reading\n\n * News for Writers and Authors\n * Freelance Writing Careers\n * Ask the Experts\n * Top 10 Hot Topics Series\n * Top 10 Tips for Writers Series\n * FREE E-Books\n * Discussion Forums\n * Jobs\n\n * Freelance Writing Jobs\n * Online Writing Jobs\n * Paid Writing Gigs\n * Calls for Submissions\n * Writer's Guidelines Database\n * Morning Coffee Newsletter\n * Paid Article Writing Jobs\n * HIRE a Freelance Writer\n\nScroll\n\nGo Back | You are here: View All Articles → New Articles → This Article\n\n### Share\n\nWriting Sports Stories of Interest by Jon Waszack\n\nMany writers believe that a sports story is nothing more than writing a non-\nfiction piece describing the events of a baseball game or boxing match. Their\nplots, if writers decide to flesh one out, are often similar, slight and\nthreadbare with constant use.\n\nDuring the summer I teach a course on sports writing. When I ask my students\nto cover a sporting event and \"write a sports story\" (with no further\ninstructions), 9 out of 10 students watch a sporting event on TV or attend a\nbaseball game and rehash on paper what they have observed. They write about\nwhich player scored what point in what inning or at what quarter. Nearly every\nstudent's article sounds the same, with the same plot, the same characters,\nthe same scores, and nearly identical settings. Very few aspiring student\nwriters realize that they can either choose to write the typical objective,\nnewspaper-style sports article (as mentioned above), or they can write a\nsubjective, human-interest sports story or a sports story based entirely on\nfiction.\n\nTo write any successful sports story (fiction or non-fiction), the writer must\nfamiliarize himself with the precise details of the sport. Even the smallest\nerror in covering or describing a particular sport may enrage diehard sports\nfanatics who know something about how the sport is played. You must build your\nplot solidly and substantially, with the real human interest of your sports\nstory attracting the sympathy and attention of the reader.\n\nIt has always seemed strange to me that college graduates who have turned to\nwriting neglect the creative writing aspects of this genre. Granted that the\nsports story will not live and make its author famous, but how many stories\ndo? It will, however, pay the bills because all sports stories are marketable.\n\nMany writers who have played sports competitively in college, sometimes turn\noutside of their city or state for material, when some of their own\nobservations and experiences would make splendid plot material.\n\n * Do you understand the feelings of a football player, as he plows through a heavy line?\n\n * Did you ever experience the hot flood of shame that sweeps over a ball player when he \"boots\" a ball in a close game?\n\n * Do you know how a boxer feels, tottering on the verge of a knockout, or the thrill of fear that stabs at a jockey's heart when his horse stumbles?\n\nIf you do, never mind about your local color. It will shine through the lines\nas you write.\n\nA great sports writer knows how to make his reader hear the crack of the bat\nagainst the ball, make him see the white speck as it rises against the blue of\nthe sky, and make him share the feelings of the outfielder as he misses the\nball.\n\nBurt L. Standish's \"Merriwell\" and \"Lefty\" stories are tales of sport that\nhave made the author's name a household word.\n\nDan Topolski wrote a non-fiction sports book (True Blue: The Oxford Boat Race\nMutiny) on the 1987 Oxford-Cambridge Boat Race and won the William Hill Sports\nBook of the Year in 1989.\n\nHave you ever heard of Jack London, Charles Van Loan or Allen Sangree—the\nlegendary writers?\n\nAshton Stevens, the well known dramatic critic, said of Jack London, the great\nprimitive fictionist: \"He has, in his novel 'The Game,' translated to the\nstage a prize fight, better than Bernard Shaw in either novel or play.\" And\nyou must be aware that prize fighting (including mixed martial arts) is\nregarded as a sport by several million enthusiasts, and good stories of the\nring always sell.\n\nYou can find many magazines that demand exciting, fulfilling and heart-felt\nsports stories. Magazines for teenagers and kids (including teenage religion\nmagazines) have a constant demand for sports-related stories that teach\nreaders life-building skills. The higher class periodicals, such as ESPN The\nMagazine, Sports Illustrated, Golf Digest, and Health and Fitness magazine,\noffer space for sports stories with specific and broad appeal. An often\noverlooked market to sell your sports articles are regional parenting\nmagazines (yes, parenting magazines), which always seek sports stories that\nappeal to local interests.\n\nIt is assumed that you can write some kind of salable story. If you can do\nthis, and have a deep rooted liking for and understanding of American\nathletics, then by all means, write a sports story.\n\nIf you cannot evolve a plot with something newer and unique in it than a\nhomerun in the ninth inning with the basses full, look up some old ball\nplayer, golfer or tennis pro and get him talking about himself. I have met\nvery few retired sports legends who were not willing to talk about their past\ntriumphs, defeats and successes. In this way you can pick up enough plot germs\nfor a dozen stories.\n\nI will tell you how I picked up a plot for a creative non-fiction sports\nstory. If you keep your eyes open and your brain alert you can find them just\nas easily.\n\nOne day after I had just completed an interview with a local police officer at\nthe police station in City Hall, I observed two police officers escorting a\nbig guy into the station. Although middle-aged, he was muscular in stature,\nwith a brutish face, \"cauliflowered\" ears, and the general marks and scars of\nhaving fought too many heavyweights in a boxing ring. I asked the police\nsergeant why the police had arrested the man.\n\n\"He killed a guy out west a few years ago, and we just got our hooks on him\nnow.\" The police sergeant, knowing I wrote a local sports column for our\ncommunity newspaper, told me, \"He's Devin McNiel. You might be familiar with\nhim. He was a semi-pro boxer from New Orleans back in the '70s.\"\n\nI made a note of it, and promptly forgot the affair. A few days later in\nreading over my notes, I saw the item, and the big man's heavy face flashed\nbefore my mental vision. Of course he would obviously be out of place as the\nhero of any story under the sun, and so I was provided with a first class\nvillain.\n\nThe murder he had committed in the west—I used this as a starting point. As he\nhad been captured in the east I had him brought to New York by a man\ninterested in boxing. A strong young man and a pretty girl are nearly\nindispensible, and so I used them as the next ingredients. With those four\ncharacters, the hustling city of New York as a background, and a knowledge of\nthe inside workings of the \"boxing game,\" I knew I could create some\ninteresting situations. I made a novelette of it, and Street & Smith bought\nit. A twenty thousand word story from the brutal face of a prize fighter!\n\nIf you really think you have a sports story in you, write it. The field is\nlarge and constantly increasing. Of course it will be hard to get away from\nthe conventional, but if you cannot do it, you are not a writer: you have not\nthe power of imagination and grit.\n\nWhether you decide to write the conventional, news-style sports story, a\nsports story based on fiction or non-fiction, you can always find editors\nready and eager to buy good sports stories. Many magazines, websites and\nnewspapers demand good sport stories, particularly those dealing with\nbaseball, football, soccer, mixed martial arts, golf, hockey or the ring.\n\n© Freelance Writing - View all Feature Articles - View all articles\n\ncomments powered by Disqus\n\nGo Back | You are here: View All Articles → New Articles → This Article\n\nReceive our free weekly eNewsletters:\n\nErrors, Broken Links, Suggestions? Please or Contact Us (for other inquiries)\n\n#### Quick Links\n\nWhat's New? Freelance Writing Jobs Writer's Guidelines\n\n[ Expand ]\n\nHow-to Articles Writing Contests Video Tutorial Series More Videos & Audios\nFREE E-Books Reading Room Contact Us\n\n#### Articles\n\n• View ALL Articles • View NEW Articles ^popular • View FEATURE Articles •\nSearch ALL Articles • Read Brian Scott's Blog • Write for Us\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\nTweets by @busyguru\n\nReturn to top of page\n\nPrivacy Policy | Copyright © · 1997—2016 Freelance Writing\n\n"
}
] |
409,253 | How To Drive a Car With an Automatic Transmission | To drive a car with an automatic transmission, first start the car with your right foot pushed down on the brake pedal. Then, switch the gear lever from "park" to "drive" without letting up on the brake. Check your surroundings to make sure there aren't any people, cars, or animals nearby, then slowly release the brake pedal to start moving forward. Turn the steering wheel to the left to go left, or the right to go right. When you're ready to accelerate, slowly push down on the gas pedal with your right foot. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606221903/https://carfromjapan.com/article/driving-tips/use-neutral-gear-automatic-transmission-car/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420103003/https://www.drivingtests.co.nz/resources/1-vehicle-controls/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210121074110/https://driversed.com/driving-information/driving-techniques/backing-up.aspx",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507231828/https://driversed.com/trending/learn-to-properly-adjust-and-use-mirrors",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210801184922/https://carfromjapan.com/article/driving-tips/steps-learning-drive-automatic-car/"
] | train | 1,669 | [
{
"original_url": "https://carfromjapan.com/article/driving-tips/use-neutral-gear-automatic-transmission-car/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210606221903/https://carfromjapan.com/article/driving-tips/use-neutral-gear-automatic-transmission-car/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What is the Use of Neutral Gear in an Automatic Transmission Car?",
"passages": [
"‘N’ or ‘Neutral’ is a gear in the cars with an automatic gearbox? Have you ever thought about the functions of this neutral gear? Most people have never had a reason to use it while some drivers don’t even know when and how to use it. Well, it has some unique functions and can even save your life too in critical conditions.",
"Shifting to the neutral gear in an automatic transmission will cut off the connection between the engine and the wheels. So, no power will be transmitted to the wheels when you press the pedal. This allows the wheels to rotate freely without drawing much action from the engine, but you will still have some control over the car.",
"Shifting to the neutral does not do much harm except for putting a bit strain on the brakes when your intention is to stop the vehicle. However, dong it frequently for a long time could damage the torque converter.",
"Think of cruising through the highway at a great speed and suddenly discovering that you have a stuck throttle! Scary, right? Pushing the brake might not be enough to stop the vehicle since the speed is high. In that case, the safe bet is to move the gear to Neutral and use the brake to park safely.",
"Switching off the engine is not the safest solution since it will cut the power to the steering, making it impossible to stop the car without any damage.",
"People mostly respond to a brake-fail by killing the engine. It’s a wrong choice since it will leave you with no control over the steering wheel. Besides, it can even lock the wheel mechanism, making the situation more dangerous. Shifting to the neutral gear will help you toggling between the lanes and park somewhere safe.",
"Putting the vehicle in Neutral during towing is not the ideal way to do it. However, you don’t have any choice when the towing company does not have a tow dolly. The neutral gear will help in keeping the engine on and transmission damage minimal.",
"The gear actually does not have much use other than helping in stopping the car in some critical situations. Check out the FAQs to clear your confusion:",
"The only downside is that you will have less control over the car. To overcome it, you should practice running the car in that gear mode. It may save your life in some emergencies.",
"Well, it’s just a myth. It has nothing to do with fuel efficiency since the engine is still running at Neutral. So, most vehicles will use the same amount of petrol in the idle state.",
"Yes, it could be. You should not abruptly shift to that gear when you are driving on a highway at a great speed, except for emergencies. It drastically slows down the car and cuts down many wheel functions, which may cause accidents.",
"Matsumoto Naoki is senior car blogger at Car From Japan. Having background in mechanical engineering, he has a unique perspective on a lot of new car innovations. Prior to Car From Japan, Matsumoto was Mechanical Design Engineer at Yajima Plant, Subaru Corporation. His articles provide detailed DIY instructions and how-tos to help you get your new car on the road. If you want to save money and feel more confident when working on your cars, you should not ignore Matsumoto’s sharing posts. He presents driving tips and tricks for everyone through easy-following steps and mechanically but friendly writing.",
"1. Maina Adam says 3 years ago\nThat bit about neutral gear is very informative. There is a believe especially here in Kenya that automatic gear vehicles are poor performers in slippery conditions especially in mud, how true is a this myth?",
"1. Jk says 2 years ago\nYes since you don’t have the same “clutch motion” so to speak...getting stuck in mud/snow with an automatic is a nightmare the back and forth motion to try get oneself unstuck is curbersome unlike where you just shift the gears in a standard/manual gear...but with that said most vehicles nowadays(automatic ) come with a triptrononic gears...so the up and down shifting of the gears is made possible",
"1. Ahmed says 3 years ago\nI always engage my harrier 2004 in automanual especially on highway..there by driving in 4 and may be gear 3...please does this. Have any effect",
"This is very educative more especially on Fuel. I believed that driving on Neutral will be saving fuel. This is nice one",
"Very educative, however most people believe that N gear has an impact on fuel efficiency, can you please clarify on this. Taking the background of manual transmission, this applies",
"Fantastic information so educative. I have a van hiace 2rz engine it has only got five months, since I bought it has got a problem of when it’s in motion you approach a hamp or bothole you want to slow down usually stops,seems like it cutting fual, wht can b de problem. l can b more than grad to receive a reply",
"Can any one answer my query please. My automatic cars neutral gear N is working same as it is in gear D. What can be the fault? i mistakenly put N instead of D and car accelerated when i push the gas pedal.",
"Hello sir, how do you drive an automatic transmission with Drive(+) gear which has 1,2,3 and a minus (-) and still be safe ?",
"How is it that front pullers should towed with the front tyres suspend, because even if you tow it whilst in neutral, you can cause damage to the gear box",
"Hi Naoki san, when I am stopped in a traffic jam for instance, I put my car on Neutral as I noticed there is less push from the engine on the wheels so I can brake more effectively and I assume I would save on the brake (ie engine not pushing anymore to move forward thus less brake in use). It’s a habit that I got with the time. Could you please confirm my assumption? Arigato",
"[...] do it. However, you don’t have any choice when the towing company does not have a tow dolly. The neutral gear will help in keeping the engine on and transmission damage [...]",
"I have a premio, model 2010. While driving on a rough road the leg brake light and abs light appears and disappears, at the dashboard, what might be the problem?",
"I always engage my harrier 2004 in automanual especially on highway..there by driving in 4 and may be gear 3...please does this. Have any effect",
"This is such important information. Someone said that I should put the car to neutral when the car is idling in the traffice jam. I always thought this is what it is for. I would therefore ask, what gear should I engage during our heavy traffic jams when the cars are at a standstill for long periods?"
]
},
"parsed_md": "What is the Use of Neutral Gear in an Automatic Transmission Car? - CAR FROM\nJAPAN\n\nFind. Buy. Drive\n\n * Likes\n * Followers\n * Followers\n\n * Available Cars\n * How to Buy\n * Testimonials\n * Car Talk\n * About Us\n\nImport Japanese Cars\n\n * USD\n\n * Hi, Your Name?\n\nDelivery To:\n\nCountry / Port\n\n# Import used cars directly from Japan\n\nDriving Tips\n\n# What is the Use of Neutral Gear in an Automatic Transmission Car?\n\nBy Matsumoto Naoki Last updated Jan 6, 2021 54\n\n‘N’ or ‘Neutral’ is a gear in the cars with an automatic gearbox? Have you\never thought about the functions of this neutral gear? Most people have never\nhad a reason to use it while some drivers don’t even know when and how to use\nit. Well, it has some unique functions and can even save your life too in\ncritical conditions.\n\n## Use of Neutral Gear in Automatic Transmission Car\n\nShifting to the neutral gear in an automatic transmission will cut off the\nconnection between the engine and the wheels. So, no power will be transmitted\nto the wheels when you press the pedal. This allows the wheels to rotate\nfreely without drawing much action from the engine, but you will still have\nsome control over the car.\n\nShifting to the neutral does not do much harm except for putting a bit strain\non the brakes when your intention is to stop the vehicle. However, dong it\nfrequently for a long time could damage the torque converter.\n\nPutting the gear at Neutral helps in some critical situations. (photo source:\nBMW)\n\n>> Best deals for you: Toyota Prius 2011 for sale, Subaru Impreza 2011 for\nsale\n\n## When to Use the Neutral Gear\n\nThere are several occasions when selecting this gear will come handy. Let’s\ntake a look:\n\n### Stop a car with a stuck throttle\n\nThink of cruising through the highway at a great speed and suddenly\ndiscovering that you have a stuck throttle! Scary, right? Pushing the brake\nmight not be enough to stop the vehicle since the speed is high. In that case,\nthe safe bet is to move the gear to Neutral and use the brake to park safely.\n\nSwitching off the engine is not the safest solution since it will cut the\npower to the steering, making it impossible to stop the car without any\ndamage.\n\n### Safe parking during a brake failure\n\nPeople mostly respond to a brake-fail by killing the engine. It’s a wrong\nchoice since it will leave you with no control over the steering wheel.\nBesides, it can even lock the wheel mechanism, making the situation more\ndangerous. Shifting to the neutral gear will help you toggling between the\nlanes and park somewhere safe.\n\nSEE MORE:\n\n * Brake Failure? Learn What to Do!\n * Automatic Transmission Problems You Should be Aware of\n\n### During towing the car\n\nPutting the vehicle in Neutral during towing is not the ideal way to do it.\nHowever, you don’t have any choice when the towing company does not have a tow\ndolly. The neutral gear will help in keeping the engine on and transmission\ndamage minimal.\n\n>> Find a second-hand car from Japan at best deal here <<\n\n## Frequently Asked Questions about Neutral Gear\n\nThe gear actually does not have much use other than helping in stopping the\ncar in some critical situations. Check out the FAQs to clear your confusion:\n\n### Is There Any Disadvantage of Using the Neutral Gear?\n\nThe only downside is that you will have less control over the car. To overcome\nit, you should practice running the car in that gear mode. It may save your\nlife in some emergencies.\n\nThe neutral gear has nothing to do with fuel saving/ (photo source: Alamy)\n\n### Does It Save Fuel?\n\nWell, it’s just a myth. It has nothing to do with fuel efficiency since the\nengine is still running at Neutral. So, most vehicles will use the same amount\nof petrol in the idle state.\n\n### Is Driving in Neutral Dangerous?\n\nYes, it could be. You should not abruptly shift to that gear when you are\ndriving on a highway at a great speed, except for emergencies. It drastically\nslows down the car and cuts down many wheel functions, which may cause\naccidents.\n\nHere are bad habits auto drivers must avoid!\n\n54\n\nShare FacebookTwitterReddItLinkedinWhatsApp\n\nMatsumoto Naoki\n\nMatsumoto Naoki is senior car blogger at Car From Japan. Having background in\nmechanical engineering, he has a unique perspective on a lot of new car\ninnovations. Prior to Car From Japan, Matsumoto was Mechanical Design Engineer\nat Yajima Plant, Subaru Corporation. His articles provide detailed DIY\ninstructions and how-tos to help you get your new car on the road. If you want\nto save money and feel more confident when working on your cars, you should\nnot ignore Matsumoto’s sharing posts. He presents driving tips and tricks for\neveryone through easy-following steps and mechanically but friendly writing.\n\nPrev Post\n\nThe Effective Ways to Use the Overdrive in Automatic Car\n\nNext Post\n\nOil Coming Out of Exhaust And 5 Ways to Troubleshoot\n\n## You might also like\n\n## More from author\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### Safe Following Distance to Another Car: The 3 Second Rule\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### 8 Reasons Why You Should Have A Dash Cam\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### Learn How You Should Behave When Driving Different Types Of Vehicles\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### The Right Way To Hold The Steering Wheel\n\nPrev Next\n\n54 Comments\n\n 1. Jimmy says 4 years ago\n\nQuite an educative page.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Maina Adam says 3 years ago\n\nThat bit about neutral gear is very informative. There is a believe especially\nhere in Kenya that automatic gear vehicles are poor performers in slippery\nconditions especially in mud, how true is a this myth?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Jk says 2 years ago\n\nYes since you don’t have the same “clutch motion” so to speak...getting stuck\nin mud/snow with an automatic is a nightmare the back and forth motion to try\nget oneself unstuck is curbersome unlike where you just shift the gears in a\nstandard/manual gear...but with that said most vehicles nowadays(automatic )\ncome with a triptrononic gears...so the up and down shifting of the gears is\nmade possible\n\nReply\n\n 2. Nowel Govera says 4 years ago\n\nThank u. For information\n\nReply\n\n 3. Eric says 4 years ago\n\nNice piece\n\nReply\n\n 4. shadrack says 4 years ago\n\nvery informative.thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Reuben Mukonda says 4 years ago\n\nVery informative.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Mojumbe patrick says 4 years ago\n\nGood\n\nReply\n\n 7. Christopher Obongo says 4 years ago\n\nVery informative\n\nReply\n\n 8. hannington says 4 years ago\n\nthank you for the information but can u help with [ over drive]. when do I use\nover drive?\n\nReply\n\n 9. Muwonge stev says 4 years ago\n\nNicely taken\n\nReply\n\n 10. stephen mathu says 4 years ago\n\nvery educative.but kindly expound on fuel efficiency and neutral gear.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Muvengei says 4 years ago\n\nVery helpful.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Pachalo Chirwa says 4 years ago\n\nyou are a good narrator.. very helpful... keep on posting\n\nReply\n\n 13. Patrick says 4 years ago\n\nVery useful guidance.\n\nReply\n\n 14. David john says 4 years ago\n\nGreat guidance. Is there much difference between the Toyota v8 and a range\nrover .maintainace wise. Thnx\n\nReply\n\n 1. Ahmed says 3 years ago\n\nI always engage my harrier 2004 in automanual especially on highway..there by\ndriving in 4 and may be gear 3...please does this. Have any effect\n\nReply\n\n 15. Bade Kwanya says 4 years ago\n\nBrilliant and informative.\n\nReply\n\n 16. haswell ganizani says 4 years ago\n\nThanks for the free info\n\nReply\n\n 17. Davison kumpama says 4 years ago\n\nGood advice. So no fuel saving in N Gear.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Richard Tialila says 3 years ago\n\nEducative\n\nReply\n\n 19. Nelson Chimaliro says 3 years ago\n\nThis is very educative more especially on Fuel. I believed that driving on\nNeutral will be saving fuel. This is nice one\n\nReply\n\n 20. Kanyingi says 3 years ago\n\nVery informative. Thanks and keep up the good job.\n\nReply\n\n 21. Davie says 3 years ago\n\nGreat piece.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Stephen Adagi says 3 years ago\n\nTjank for the informative piece.\n\nReply\n\n 23. Nicholas says 3 years ago\n\nDoes frequently engaging the neutral gear in a manual car for a long time\ndamage the torque converter?\n\nReply\n\n 24. Katumba says 3 years ago\n\nThanks for the information\n\nReply\n\n 25. Horris says 3 years ago\n\nVery educative, however most people believe that N gear has an impact on fuel\nefficiency, can you please clarify on this. Taking the background of manual\ntransmission, this applies\n\nReply\n\n 26. Katende Abdulrashid says 3 years ago\n\nIts so brilliant to hear\n\nReply\n\n 27. Timothy says 3 years ago\n\nFantastic information so educative. I have a van hiace 2rz engine it has only\ngot five months, since I bought it has got a problem of when it’s in motion\nyou approach a hamp or bothole you want to slow down usually stops,seems like\nit cutting fual, wht can b de problem. l can b more than grad to receive a\nreply\n\nReply\n\n 28. Prime says 3 years ago\n\nThank you\n\nReply\n\n 29. Willard says 3 years ago\n\nVery educative, thank you\n\nReply\n\n 30. aush says 3 years ago\n\nCan any one answer my query please. My automatic cars neutral gear N is\nworking same as it is in gear D. What can be the fault? i mistakenly put N\ninstead of D and car accelerated when i push the gas pedal.\n\nReply\n\n 1. mkolo says 2 years ago\n\nSend it to qualified machenic ....do you services for your car??\n\nReply\n\n 31. Brian says 3 years ago\n\nHello sir, how do you drive an automatic transmission with Drive(+) gear which\nhas 1,2,3 and a minus (-) and still be safe ?\n\nReply\n\n 32. David says 3 years ago\n\nHow is it that front pullers should towed with the front tyres suspend,\nbecause even if you tow it whilst in neutral, you can cause damage to the gear\nbox\n\nReply\n\n 33. Anvar says 3 years ago\n\nWhich gear use at signal point? D or P or N?\n\nReply\n\n 34. Abayomi says 3 years ago\n\nThank for this great information\n\nReply\n\n 35. Jackson says 3 years ago\n\nCan use neutral when waiting in the traffic light?\n\nReply\n\n 36. Afzal says 3 years ago\n\nVery useful write up. Lots of thanks\n\nReply\n\n 37. Car Shakes When Stopped or At Idle - Why Does It Happen? - CAR FROM JAPAN 3 years ago\n\n[...] Neutral Gear in Automatic Cars [...]\n\n 38. Kwezi says 3 years ago\n\nRefreshing the engine after a long acceleration. Advise.\n\nReply\n\n 39. Hassanaly says 3 years ago\n\nHi Naoki san, when I am stopped in a traffic jam for instance, I put my car on\nNeutral as I noticed there is less push from the engine on the wheels so I can\nbrake more effectively and I assume I would save on the brake (ie engine not\npushing anymore to move forward thus less brake in use). It’s a habit that I\ngot with the time. Could you please confirm my assumption? Arigato\n\nReply\n\n 40. Richard David Navolo says 3 years ago\n\nThanks for the advise..very useful especially when driving everyday..\n\nReply\n\n 41. Brian Gabulaya says 3 years ago\n\nThe advice was useful, thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 42. What Is The Use Of Neutral Gear In An Automatic Transmission Car? - Kenya Car Bazaar Ltd. 3 years ago\n\n[...] do it. However, you don’t have any choice when the towing company does\nnot have a tow dolly. The neutral gear will help in keeping the engine on and\ntransmission damage [...]\n\n 43. Chesire says 3 years ago\n\nI have a premio, model 2010. While driving on a rough road the leg brake light\nand abs light appears and disappears, at the dashboard, what might be the\nproblem?\n\nReply\n\n 44. Ahmed mbabi says 3 years ago\n\nI always engage my harrier 2004 in automanual especially on highway..there by\ndriving in 4 and may be gear 3...please does this. Have any effect\n\nReply\n\n 45. revin says 3 years ago\n\nWhat gear should i use when stuck in traffic for 30 secs?\n\nReply\n\n 46. Eunice says 3 years ago\n\nThis is such important information. Someone said that I should put the car to\nneutral when the car is idling in the traffice jam. I always thought this is\nwhat it is for. I would therefore ask, what gear should I engage during our\nheavy traffic jams when the cars are at a standstill for long periods?\n\nReply\n\n 47. Learn Some Effective Ways to Recover From a Skid - CAR FROM JAPAN 2 years ago\n\n[...] Neutral Gear in Automatic Cars [...]\n\n 48. Siam Mujtahid says 2 years ago\n\nCan we drive car in neutral gear?\n\nReply\n\n 49. John Malombe says 2 years ago\n\nNice tips\n\nReply\n\n 50. ऑटोमैटिक गियरबॉक्स वाली गाड़ी चलाते हैं तो रखें ‘ये सावधानियां’ – India Auto Moto 2 years ago\n\n[...] Pic: carfromjapan [...]\n\nLeave A Reply\n\nCancel Reply\n\n## Popular Posts\n\n * 5 Popular Causes of Car Won’t Accelerate Issue\n * How Long Do CVT Transmissions Last? 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.drivingtests.co.nz/resources/1-vehicle-controls/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420103003/https://www.drivingtests.co.nz/resources/1-vehicle-controls/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Identifying Vehicle Controls in Your Driving Test",
"passages": [
"The aim of this first lesson is to ensure that you know what the vehicle’s controls are and how to use them.",
"Park the car off the road and in a safe place with the handbrake on and the gearbox in neutral for a manual car or park (P) in an automatic car. You will need to have the engine running to operate some of the following items, and for others at least the ignition turned on.",
"In a car with push button ignition rather than a key, it might require two pushes on the button, or one longer push to enable some of the features. To start the engine a manual car often requires that the driver’s foot is on the clutch, and in an automatic car on the brake.",
"You might have what’s called a ‘supervision cluster’ which is a small screen or display that shows multiple other details, such as tyre pressures, trip computer and outside temperature",
"If you are driving a hybrid you may have other readouts for battery level and how much power is being drawn from or charged to the battery",
"Note that some vehicles will have other features on the steering wheel such as mode selections for radio and engine response, plus buttons to answer a Bluetooth connected phone. Other functions on stalks might include headlight washers, speed limiter and to change the screen on any display or supervision cluster on the dashboard or within the instrument cluster.",
"Note that more and more cars have hydraulic handbrakes fitted which will be operated by a button somewhere on the dashboard or near the gearstick. To activate and deactivate a hydraulic handbrake might require you to have your foot on the brake. Some vehicles will automatically apply the hydraulic handbrake if you put the gearbox in neutral.",
"Your car might also have controls for hill descent mode, turning any auto stop/start features on/off, different modes for driving (e.g. sports mode or snow mode), seat heaters/coolers, and other buttons to turn on or off various features in the car.",
"Adjust the seat belt for height and tension if required (where the seat belt comes out of the B pillar there’s often the ability to slide it up and down to adjust the height to suit your comfort)",
"There may be other controls to identify such as the bonnet release, boot release, fuel tank and cover release, charging point on electric vehicles, full lock/unlock (the button that locks/unlocks all doors at once), sunroof, and rear blind. The newer and more expensive your car, the more features it’s likely to have."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Identifying Vehicle Controls in Your Driving Test\n\n * Your courses\n * < Back to main site\n\n * Help\n\nDriving tests\n\n * Learning to Drive\n * Fleet driver training\n\n * Benefits of training company drivers\n * How does our driver training plan work?\n * Safe driving policy\n * Fleet driving statistics\n * Enquiries and free trials\n * Fleet driving articles\n * Fleet driver training\n * Forklift resources\n * Advice\n * Driving Syllabus\n * Tourist/Migrant advice\n\n * International Students: Driving in New Zealand\n * Tourist and visitor advice: Driving in New Zealand\n * Tourist/Migrant advice\n\n * Home\n\n› 1: Vehicle controls\n\n# 1: Vehicle controls\n\n— No Comments ↓\n\nThe aim of this first lesson is to ensure that you know what the vehicle’s\ncontrols are and how to use them.\n\n## Vehicle safety\n\nPark the car off the road and in a safe place with the handbrake on and the\ngearbox in neutral for a manual car or park (P) in an automatic car. You will\nneed to have the engine running to operate some of the following items, and\nfor others at least the ignition turned on.\n\n### Push button ignition\n\nIn a car with push button ignition rather than a key, it might require two\npushes on the button, or one longer push to enable some of the features. To\nstart the engine a manual car often requires that the driver’s foot is on the\nclutch, and in an automatic car on the brake.\n\n## Driver identification of vehicle features:\n\nDashboard instrument cluster lights and dials:\n\n * Speedometer/odometer\n * Tachometer or rev counter (some modern cars do not have this)\n * Fuel gauge\n * Temperature gauge (some vehicles simply have an indicator rather than a gauge)\n * Warning lights for fuel, oil, engine, water\n * You might have what’s called a ‘supervision cluster’ which is a small screen or display that shows multiple other details, such as tyre pressures, trip computer and outside temperature\n * If you are driving a hybrid you may have other readouts for battery level and how much power is being drawn from or charged to the battery\n\nSteering wheel controls (buttons on the steering wheel, plus those on stalks\nbehind the steering wheel):\n\n * Steering wheel\n * Windscreen wipers\n * Indicators\n * Headlights on full beam and dip\n * Horn\n * Cruise control\n\nNote that some vehicles will have other features on the steering wheel such as\nmode selections for radio and engine response, plus buttons to answer a\nBluetooth connected phone. Other functions on stalks might include headlight\nwashers, speed limiter and to change the screen on any display or supervision\ncluster on the dashboard or within the instrument cluster.\n\nFloor controls:\n\n * Accelerator pedal\n * Brake pedal\n * Clutch pedal (for manual cars)\n * Gear lever\n * Handbrake or park brake\n\nNote that more and more cars have hydraulic handbrakes fitted which will be\noperated by a button somewhere on the dashboard or near the gearstick. To\nactivate and deactivate a hydraulic handbrake might require you to have your\nfoot on the brake. Some vehicles will automatically apply the hydraulic\nhandbrake if you put the gearbox in neutral.\n\nConsole controls:\n\n * Ignition (take special care with push button ignitions)\n * Hazard warning lights\n * Heating controls\n * Air conditioning controls (some newer vehicles’ air con is controlled via a touch screen)\n * Rear demister\n * Airbag deactivator\n * Your car might also have controls for hill descent mode, turning any auto stop/start features on/off, different modes for driving (e.g. sports mode or snow mode), seat heaters/coolers, and other buttons to turn on or off various features in the car.\n\nOther controls:\n\n * Adjust the seat and headrests (take care with electric seats or those with seat memories)\n * Adjust wing mirrors and rear view mirror – make sure they are adjusted for maximum visibility\n * Identify blind spots\n * Inspect seat belts for wear\n * Adjust the seat belt for height and tension if required (where the seat belt comes out of the B pillar there’s often the ability to slide it up and down to adjust the height to suit your comfort)\n\nPerform the tasks at least twice.\n\nThere may be other controls to identify such as the bonnet release, boot\nrelease, fuel tank and cover release, charging point on electric vehicles,\nfull lock/unlock (the button that locks/unlocks all doors at once), sunroof,\nand rear blind. The newer and more expensive your car, the more features it’s\nlikely to have.\n\nNext module: Starting and stopping the engine\n\n * Disqus\n\nWhen was the last time you checked your Road Code knowledge?\n\nTry some tests for free!\n\nRecent Posts\n\n * How long should a truck tyre last before it needs to be replaced?\n * Can a forklift speed limiter improve safety?\n * Why is your car or truck accelerating more slowly?\n * Can you use two forklifts to lift a load?\n * What is an electric truck?\n * Does your company need an idling policy for drivers?\n * Does a driver need to carry a spill kit?\n * How do you assess driver risk in your company?\n * How can you control forklift speed in your workplace?\n * What to do if you get a chip or crack in your windscreen\n\n#### Car\n\n * Core\n * Behaviour\n * Parking\n * Emergencies\n * Road position\n * Intersection\n * Theory\n * Signs\n\n#### Motorbike\n\n * Bike-specific questions\n * Core\n * Behaviour\n * Parking\n * Emergencies\n * Road position\n * Intersection\n * Theory\n * Signs\n\n#### Heavy Vehicles\n\n * Class 2\n * Class 3-5\n * Core\n * Behaviour\n * Parking\n * Emergencies\n * Road position\n * Intersection\n * Theory\n * Signs\n\n#### Driving Tests\n\n * Homepage\n * Driving Tests Android App\n * Driving Tests iPhone App\n * About us\n * Contact us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Getting your learner licence\n\n© 2021 DT Driver Training Ltd. All rights reserved. PO Box 12541, Penrose,\nAuckland, 1642, New Zealand\n\n↑\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://driversed.com/driving-information/driving-techniques/backing-up.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210121074110/https://driversed.com/driving-information/driving-techniques/backing-up.aspx",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Backing up safely: IMPORTANT steps to take before putting a car in reverse",
"passages": [
"Backing up requires you to turn your head to see beyond the head restraint. Do not depend on mirrors alone when backing. One loses depth perception when using the mirrors to guide the vehicle while backing.",
"Since it is more difficult to maintain steering control and vehicle balance when the vehicle is in reverse, always back at slow speeds.",
"Reverse is a more powerful gear than drive, so you should use the accelerator pedal carefully, if at all. Otherwise your car will move too fast as shown.",
"To back up, turn to your right so you can see through the back window. Turn your head and body to the right until you can see clearly through the back window. To improve balance, a drivers right arm can be draped over the back of the seat. The left hand grips the steering wheel near the top and turns it in the direction a driver wants the vehicle to go.",
"To steer the car in reverse, turn the wheel in the direction you want the rear of the car to go. Turning the wheel to the right steers the back of the car to the right. Turning the wheel to the left steers to the left."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Backing up safely: IMPORTANT steps to take before putting a car in reverse |\nDriving School\n\nHelp Center\n\nLog In\n\n * Select State\n\n * * Alabama\n * Alaska\n * Arizona\n * Arkansas\n * California\n * Colorado\n * Connecticut\n * Delaware\n * Florida\n * Georgia\n * Hawaii\n * Idaho\n * Illinois\n * Indiana\n * Iowa\n * Kansas\n * Kentucky\n * Louisiana\n * Maine\n * Maryland\n * Massachusetts\n * Michigan\n * Minnesota\n * Mississippi\n * Missouri\n * Montana\n * Nebraska\n * Nevada\n * New Hampshire\n * New Jersey\n * New Mexico\n * New York\n * North Carolina\n * North Dakota\n * Ohio\n * Oklahoma\n * Oregon\n * Pennsylvania\n * Rhode Island\n * South Carolina\n * South Dakota\n * Tennessee\n * Texas\n * Utah\n * Vermont\n * Virginia\n * Washington\n * Washington D.C.\n * West Virginia\n * Wisconsin\n * Wyoming\n * Drivers Ed Teens • Adults\n\n * In-Car Driving Lessons\n\n * Traffic School\n\n * Practice Permit Test\n\n * DMV Information\n\n * Community Apps • Blog\n\n * More DriversEd\n\n * Practice Permit Test\n\n * DMV Information\n\n * Community Apps • Blog\n\nWelcome to our quick and easy Helpful Driving Information.\n\nFind your topics the quicker way.\n\n * Start Your Drivers Ed Course Today\n * The Driving Privilege\n * Signs, Signals and Markings\n * Being Fit to Drive\n * The Vehicle\n * Driving Techniques\n\n * Basic Driving Concepts\n\n * Staying in Driving Line\n * Reference Points\n * Tasks for Getting Ready to Drive\n * Getting Started\n\n * Steering\n * Steering Forward and Backwards\n * Steering Techniques\n * Hand-over-Hand Steering\n * One-Hand Steering\n * Backing Up\n * Use of Lanes\n\n * Choosing Lanes\n * Bicycle Lanes\n * Carpool Lanes\n * Changing Lanes\n * Merging\n * Speed\n\n * Speed Limits\n * Restricted Areas\n * Turnout Areas\n * Turning\n\n * Using Turn or Hand Signals\n * Tips on Making Turns\n * Making Right and Left Turns\n * Left Turn Lane\n * Making U-turns\n * Parking\n\n * Angle Parking\n * Perpendicular Parking\n * Parallel Parking\n * Parking on a Hill\n * Illegal Parking\n * Vehicle Securing Procedures\n * Securing Valuables\n * Passing\n\n * Demands for Proper Passing\n * Oncoming Vehicles\n * When Passing Is Authorized or Prohibited\n * Steps for Successful Passing\n * Being Passed\n * Defensive Driving\n * City, Rural, and Freeway Driving\n * Driving Conditions\n * Sharing the Road with Others\n * Car Information\n * Auto Central\n * Useful Driving Terms\n\nHome / Driving Information / Driving Techniques / Backing Up\n\n# Backing Up\n\nBacking up requires you to turn your head to see beyond the head restraint. Do\nnot depend on mirrors alone when backing. One loses depth perception when\nusing the mirrors to guide the vehicle while backing.\n\nSince it is more difficult to maintain steering control and vehicle balance\nwhen the vehicle is in reverse, always back at slow speeds.\n\nReverse is a more powerful gear than drive, so you should use the accelerator\npedal carefully, if at all. Otherwise your car will move too fast as shown.\n\n * To back up, turn to your right so you can see through the back window. Turn your head and body to the right until you can see clearly through the back window. To improve balance, a drivers right arm can be draped over the back of the seat. The left hand grips the steering wheel near the top and turns it in the direction a driver wants the vehicle to go.\n * Always go slowly, watching carefully in all directions.\n * To steer the car in reverse, turn the wheel in the direction you want the rear of the car to go. Turning the wheel to the right steers the back of the car to the right. Turning the wheel to the left steers to the left.\n\nSign up for online drivers education today!\n\nSAVE BIG on Auto Insurance!\n\nGet a Quote\n\n## Hear about tips, offers, & more.\n\nCustomer Support\n\n▸\n\n * General Questions\n * Payment Info\n * System Requirements\n * Course Requirements\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n\nAbout DriversEd.com\n\n▸\n\n * Testimonials\n * News and Articles\n * Privacy Policy\n * Careers\n\nIn-Car Lessons\n\n▸\n\n * California Driving Lessons\n * Georgia Driving Lessons\n * Ohio Driving Lessons\n * Texas Driving Lessons\n * More States\n\nTraffic School\n\n▸\n\n * California Traffic School\n * Michigan BDIC\n * Texas Defensive Driving\n * Texas DPS Driving Record\n * More States\n\nTeen Drivers Ed\n\n▸\n\n * Arizona Drivers Ed\n * California Drivers Ed\n * Colorado Drivers Ed\n * Florida Drivers Ed\n * Florida Permit Test\n * Florida Drug & Alcohol Course\n * Georgia Drivers Ed\n * Idaho Drivers Ed\n * Indiana Drivers Ed\n * Minnesota Drivers Ed\n * Nebraska Drivers Ed\n * Ohio Drivers Ed\n * Oklahoma Drivers Ed\n * Pennsylvania Drivers Ed\n * Texas Drivers Ed\n * Texas Parent-Taught Drivers Ed\n * Utah Drivers Ed\n * Virginia Drivers Ed\n * Wisconsin Drivers Ed\n * More States\n\nAdult Drivers Ed\n\n▸\n\n * Colorado 55+ Mature Drivers Course\n * Nationwide 18+ Adult Drivers Course\n * Illinois 18-21 Adult Drivers Course\n * Texas 18+ Adult Drivers Course\n\nDriver Community\n\n▸\n\n * Game Zone\n * Apps + Bots\n * Facebook FanPage\n * Twitter Feed\n * Parent Center\n * Blog\n\nDriver Resources\n\n▸\n\n * California AB 60 Information\n * Auto Central\n * Useful Driving Terms\n * Driving Information\n * DMV Information\n * Driving Schools\n * Associate Center\n * Foreign Visitors Drivers Ed\n * Car Insurance Resource Center\n\nMobile Apps\n\n▸\n\n * Drivers Ed App\n\n© 1997-2021 DriversEd.com. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://driversed.com/trending/learn-to-properly-adjust-and-use-mirrors",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507231828/https://driversed.com/trending/learn-to-properly-adjust-and-use-mirrors",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Learn to Adjust and Use Your Rear-View and Side-View Mirrors",
"passages": [
"Your vehicle’s side- and rear-view mirrors are designed to give you a good view of the road behind you while minimizing blind spots. Adjusting them properly is very easy, but it’s also key to staying safe on the road.",
"According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), each year, blind spots factor into about 840,000 side-to-side collisions, helping cause 300 deaths, plus thousands of injuries millions of dollars in damages. Proper mirror adjustment and use can help minimize blind spots and reduce the chances of a blind spot collision.",
"If you’re driving a car that is not your own, or if you recently let someone else drive your car, it can be very easy to forget to adjust your mirrors before you hit the road. Mirrors can also fall out of adjustment due to vibration or bumps as you drive. However, it’s never a good idea to try to adjust your mirrors while driving , as distracted driving is a major cause of vehicle accidents. Instead, get in the habit of taking a quick glance at all your mirrors before you set off to make sure your rearward visibility is optimized!",
"Locate your car’s mirror adjustment controls. Most modern cars have an electronic switch that controls the position of your left and right-side mirrors. These switches will have buttons that move your mirrors upward, downward, left, and right. They’ll also have a button that switches control between the left mirror and the right mirror. It’s important to know where this switch is located in any car you drive and how to operate it, so it’s easy to adjust your side mirrors.",
"Adjust the side-to-side position. Toggle the side mirror adjustment switch to control your left-side mirror. Then, move your head until it’s resting against the lift-side window. Look at your left-side mirror, and adjust it until you can just barely see the edge of your car in the inside of the mirror. Then, toggle the mirror adjustment switch to control your right-side mirror. Move your head to the right, so it’s positioned right above your car’s center console. Now, set the ride-side mirror, so you can just start to see the edge of your car on the inside of the mirror. This positioning will help maximize your view of the road behind you while minimizing your blind spots.",
"Adjust the up-and-down position. Use the side mirror adjustment switches to set your side-view mirrors vertical position. You should give yourself the best possible view of the road behind, but exact vertical placement often comes down to personal preference. You don’t want to see too much sky or too much road. Instead, it’s best to balance the position of each mirror so you can see traffic clearly as well as curbs while parallel parking.",
"Once your side mirrors are adjusted properly, it’s easy to adjust your rear- view mirror. Be sure to sit normally and use minimal head movements when looking at your rear-view mirror. Then, manually move the mirror until your view is straight out of your car’s rear window, centered, and level. The goal is always to maximize your rearward view.",
"Depending on your vehicle, your rear-view mirror may also have a manual adjustment tab for night-time driving. These tabs are generally in the center of your mirror, along the bottom. Moving the tab all the way forward or backward will adjust the tilt position of the rear-view mirror. In the daytime position, it will look normal. But, in the night-time position, you will be unable to see much of anything, except headlights. Use this position for driving at night, so other cars’ headlights don’t obscure your vision but be sure to switch back for day-time driving. If your rear-view mirror does not have a manual adjustment tab, it should handle this switch for you automatically.",
"Together, your car’s mirrors will give you a good view of the road around and behind your car. It’s best to scan all of your mirrors frequently while driving, using quick glances rather than long, extended stares that can distract you from the road ahead. As you’re driving, glance at each mirror roughly once every 10 seconds, at minimum. This way, you can build up a mental picture of the cars around you on the road.",
"While mirrors alone will not eliminate your blind spots fully, having them adjusted properly and using them correctly will help you keep track of other cars around you. You should always check your blind spots with a quick turn of the head before changing lanes or making any other lateral movements. But, actively monitoring your mirrors and tracking your fellow motorists can help you avoid surprises and potential accidents.",
"To learn more about handling blind spots in Texas, California, Florida, or anywhere else in the US, have a look at our certified drivers education courses."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Learn to Adjust and Use Your Rear-View and Side-View Mirrors\n\nCustomer Support\n\nLog In\n\n * Select State\n\n * * Alabama\n * Alaska\n * Arizona\n * Arkansas\n * California\n * Colorado\n * Connecticut\n * Delaware\n * Florida\n * Georgia\n * Hawaii\n * Idaho\n * Illinois\n * Indiana\n * Iowa\n * Kansas\n * Kentucky\n * Louisiana\n * Maine\n * Maryland\n * Massachusetts\n * Michigan\n * Minnesota\n * Mississippi\n * Missouri\n * Montana\n * Nebraska\n * Nevada\n * New Hampshire\n * New Jersey\n * New Mexico\n * New York\n * North Carolina\n * North Dakota\n * Ohio\n * Oklahoma\n * Oregon\n * Pennsylvania\n * Rhode Island\n * South Carolina\n * South Dakota\n * Tennessee\n * Texas\n * Utah\n * Vermont\n * Virginia\n * Washington\n * Washington D.C.\n * West Virginia\n * Wisconsin\n * Wyoming\n * Drivers Ed Teens • Adults\n\n * In-Car Driving Lessons\n\n * Traffic School\n\n * Practice Permit Test\n\n * DMV Information\n\n * Community Apps • Blog\n\n * More DriversEd\n\n * Practice Permit Test\n\n * DMV Information\n\n * Community Apps • Blog\n\n * Driving Test\n * |\n * Drivers License\n * |\n * Driving School\n * |\n * Driving Tips\n * |\n * Driving News\n * |\n * Resources\n * |\n\n# Learn to Adjust and Use Your Rear-View and Side-View Mirrors\n\nBy Drivers-Ed Staff | Published: April 30, 2019\n\nYour vehicle’s side- and rear-view mirrors are designed to give you a good\nview of the road behind you while minimizing blind spots. Adjusting them\nproperly is very easy, but it’s also key to staying safe on the road.\n\nAccording to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), each\nyear, blind spots factor into about 840,000 side-to-side collisions, helping\ncause 300 deaths, plus thousands of injuries millions of dollars in damages.\nProper mirror adjustment and use can help minimize blind spots and reduce the\nchances of a blind spot collision.\n\nIf you’re driving a car that is not your own, or if you recently let someone\nelse drive your car, it can be very easy to forget to adjust your mirrors\nbefore you hit the road. Mirrors can also fall out of adjustment due to\nvibration or bumps as you drive. However, it’s never a good idea to try to\nadjust your mirrors while driving , as distracted driving is a major cause of\nvehicle accidents. Instead, get in the habit of taking a quick glance at all\nyour mirrors before you set off to make sure your rearward visibility is\noptimized!\n\nFollow the steps below to adjust and use your mirrors properly.\n\n#### How to Adjust Your Side Mirrors\n\nHere’s how to adjust your left and right side-view mirrors for the best\nvisibility:\n\n 1. Locate your car’s mirror adjustment controls. Most modern cars have an electronic switch that controls the position of your left and right-side mirrors. These switches will have buttons that move your mirrors upward, downward, left, and right. They’ll also have a button that switches control between the left mirror and the right mirror. It’s important to know where this switch is located in any car you drive and how to operate it, so it’s easy to adjust your side mirrors.\n 2. Adjust the side-to-side position. Toggle the side mirror adjustment switch to control your left-side mirror. Then, move your head until it’s resting against the lift-side window. Look at your left-side mirror, and adjust it until you can just barely see the edge of your car in the inside of the mirror. Then, toggle the mirror adjustment switch to control your right-side mirror. Move your head to the right, so it’s positioned right above your car’s center console. Now, set the ride-side mirror, so you can just start to see the edge of your car on the inside of the mirror. This positioning will help maximize your view of the road behind you while minimizing your blind spots.\n 3. Adjust the up-and-down position. Use the side mirror adjustment switches to set your side-view mirrors vertical position. You should give yourself the best possible view of the road behind, but exact vertical placement often comes down to personal preference. You don’t want to see too much sky or too much road. Instead, it’s best to balance the position of each mirror so you can see traffic clearly as well as curbs while parallel parking.\n\n#### How to Adjust Your Rear-View Mirror\n\nOnce your side mirrors are adjusted properly, it’s easy to adjust your rear-\nview mirror. Be sure to sit normally and use minimal head movements when\nlooking at your rear-view mirror. Then, manually move the mirror until your\nview is straight out of your car’s rear window, centered, and level. The goal\nis always to maximize your rearward view.\n\nDepending on your vehicle, your rear-view mirror may also have a manual\nadjustment tab for night-time driving. These tabs are generally in the center\nof your mirror, along the bottom. Moving the tab all the way forward or\nbackward will adjust the tilt position of the rear-view mirror. In the daytime\nposition, it will look normal. But, in the night-time position, you will be\nunable to see much of anything, except headlights. Use this position for\ndriving at night, so other cars’ headlights don’t obscure your vision but be\nsure to switch back for day-time driving. If your rear-view mirror does not\nhave a manual adjustment tab, it should handle this switch for you\nautomatically.\n\n#### How to Use Your Mirrors While Driving\n\nTogether, your car’s mirrors will give you a good view of the road around and\nbehind your car. It’s best to scan all of your mirrors frequently while\ndriving, using quick glances rather than long, extended stares that can\ndistract you from the road ahead. As you’re driving, glance at each mirror\nroughly once every 10 seconds, at minimum. This way, you can build up a mental\npicture of the cars around you on the road.\n\nWhile mirrors alone will not eliminate your blind spots fully, having them\nadjusted properly and using them correctly will help you keep track of other\ncars around you. You should always check your blind spots with a quick turn of\nthe head before changing lanes or making any other lateral movements. But,\nactively monitoring your mirrors and tracking your fellow motorists can help\nyou avoid surprises and potential accidents.\n\nTo learn more about handling blind spots in Texas, California, Florida, or\nanywhere else in the US, have a look at our certified drivers education\ncourses.\n\nSAVE BIG on Auto Insurance!\n\nGet a Quote\n\n### Stay Informed\n\nStay current with blog updates, new offers, and exclusive deals! 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},
{
"original_url": "https://carfromjapan.com/article/driving-tips/steps-learning-drive-automatic-car/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210801184922/https://carfromjapan.com/article/driving-tips/steps-learning-drive-automatic-car/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Start-to-Finish Guide on How to Drive an Automatic Car",
"passages": [
"How to drive an automatic car? Well, you will be happy to know that driving a car with an automatic transmission is easier than the one that uses a manual gearbox. However, it does not mean that you can learn to drive automatic without any practice. It’s mandatory to learn driving either in a school or under a private instructor. However, learning the basics beforehand will help you big time in this regard.",
"What do the letters and numbers on an automatic gearbox mean? It’s crucial to know their role and functions to ace the driving test.",
"It locks the transmission shaft and does not let the car to move anywhere. The only thing that can rotate in that condition is the non-driving wheels. Although, it will completely lock down a four-wheel drive.",
"Shifting to this gear allows you to drive the vehicle backward. To do that, stop the car completely and choose the R gear after pressing the shift-lock button. There’s no need to do anything while moving from R to N or D, but shifting to the R again will require the use of the shift button.",
"It means the vehicle is using no gear. In this state, the transmission will have no connection to the driven wheels and the car will move using the momentum only. You should use it only for pushing or towing the car.",
"Understanding the functions of this gear is the most important when you are learning how to drive an automatic car. Putting the car in this gear means driving normally. But, the transmission uses some other variations including D1, D2, and D3 to adjust to the speed at which you are driving the vehicle. The D1 means the very first gear and you can gradually move up to the higher ones. Using the highest gear could be fuel-efficient when you are driving long distance on the highway. Otherwise, these gear ratios are suitable for unusual conditions only such as getting the car out of the ice or mud.",
"When you set the gear at D1, it means that the transmission gets locked in that position and won’t change on its own. Setting the gear at D2 means locking it in the second gear. In some models, the gear automatically shifts from the 1st to 2nd when it reaches a particular speed limit, such as 30mph, to protect the engine from damage.",
"An automatic car changes the gears automatically with the increase and decrease of the speed. Manually shifting to the low gear will decrease the speed but not the torque. As a result, your car gets more towing and staying power.",
"It’s almost similar to the D mode but with maximum output levels. It enhances the engine performance when you are speeding up. The downshifting will also be much quicker in this position, boosting the braking effects.",
"It’s the highest gear and turning it on will allow the transmission to go through all the gears including the Overdrive. Turning it off will limit the transmission to move between other available modes. It’s helpful for towing, climbing hills, and overtaking.",
"Some models come with this gear that helps to decrease the speed of a car. It’s also useful in maintaining a certain speed when you are going downhill.",
"You have already learned the basics of an automatic transmission. It’s time for you to know the steps of driving before starting to practice for real.",
"Before getting started, the most essential thing is to adjust the driver’s seat and side mirrors. This not only helps you feel safer and more comfortable, it also boosts your focus. So every time when you are about to drive, remember to check all the mirrors to make sure you have the best view possible. Yes, when we mean all the mirrors, it means both side mirrors as well as rear view mirrors. Car owners must not change the mirror while driving since it could affect your driving.",
"After you have checked the mirrors and your driving seats, here are the list of things car owners need to prepare before driving:",
"First of all, lock all the doors. This action will reduce the chance of car doors suddenly opened when you are driving.",
"Second of all, car owners must check their seatbelt. We do not need to mention how important this action is: It helps drivers avoid the scope of the law but also decrease the chance of injury or death when accidents occur.",
"Third of all, always give your dashboard a check. Basically, if there is anything wrong with your automobile, it will show in the dashboard. So drivers need to see if there are any warning lights flashing before driving.",
"Last of all, car owners need to remove all the distraction. Believe us, driving is like meditating. So our recommendation is to keep your phone in the silence mood. Along with that, car owners should reduce the music volume to avoid being distracted. Also, you must not make up while driving.",
"Unlike the manual cars, the automatic models don’t have the clutch pedal. They have only the brake pedal and accelerator and you will use only your right foot to control them. The first lesson of learning how to drive an automatic car is to know that your left foot should remain at rest all the time.",
"The lever should be in P when the engine is off. Push the brake pedal and insert the key to the ignition to turn it on. Gently shift the gear to the D and then release the pressure on the brake pedal slowly. The vehicle will start moving.",
"If you want it to move faster, simply press the gas pedal. The speed has nothing to do with the gears. So, don’t change it for regular road driving.",
"You have to turn the steering wheel left or right to drive the car in that direction. Apply the brakes to slow it down or stop. The accelerator is for speeding up and you have to limit that speed by shifting the foot on the brake pedal. Apply pressure on it slowly and gradually unless you need to stop the vehicle all of a sudden.",
"This is the last step of this procedure of how to drive an automatic car. You have to gradually press the brake pedal and shift the gear to the P position to stop the vehicle completely. Use the ignition key to switch off the engine. Finally, turn off the headlights and get out of the car.",
"Besides learning these basics, you should also read the owner’s manual to learn how to drive an automatic car. It has details about the roles and functions of the transmission and gears. There are various types of automatic transmission cars. So, reading the manual is necessary because it provides tips that are relevant to the specific model of your car.",
"Matsumoto Naoki is senior car blogger at Car From Japan. Having background in mechanical engineering, he has a unique perspective on a lot of new car innovations. Prior to Car From Japan, Matsumoto was Mechanical Design Engineer at Yajima Plant, Subaru Corporation. His articles provide detailed DIY instructions and how-tos to help you get your new car on the road. If you want to save money and feel more confident when working on your cars, you should not ignore Matsumoto’s sharing posts. He presents driving tips and tricks for everyone through easy-following steps and mechanically but friendly writing.",
"I have been using my automatic vehicle for more than 10 years now without knowing some of these important outlined tips. Thank you very much. These tips will help me to use my car on the road perfectly well.",
"Hi ,can we change gear frm D gear to Sport mode while driving or need to stop first the car .please explain",
"Thanks a lot Very educative but still want to know what you mean by the gass pedal to enable you drive faster.",
"when arriving at destination, my mother steps on brake, then turns key to off, then puts car into park, then takes foot off brake . I do not believe this is correct."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Start-to-Finish Guide on How to Drive an Automatic Car - CAR FROM JAPAN\n\nFind. Buy. Drive\n\n * Likes\n * Followers\n * Followers\n\n * Available Cars\n * How to Buy\n * Testimonials\n * Car Talk\n * About Us\n\nImport Japanese Cars\n\n * USD\n\n * Hi, Your Name?\n\nDelivery To:\n\nCountry / Port\n\n# Import used cars directly from Japan\n\nDriving Tips\n\n# The Start-to-Finish Guide on How to Drive an Automatic Car\n\nBy Matsumoto Naoki Last updated Apr 30, 2021 21\n\nHow to drive an automatic car? Well, you will be happy to know that driving a\ncar with an automatic transmission is easier than the one that uses a manual\ngearbox. However, it does not mean that you can learn to drive automatic\nwithout any practice. It’s mandatory to learn driving either in a school or\nunder a private instructor. However, learning the basics beforehand will help\nyou big time in this regard.\n\n## How to Drive an Automatic Car: The Functions of the Gears\n\nWhat do the letters and numbers on an automatic gearbox mean? It’s crucial to\nknow their role and functions to ace the driving test.\n\nIn the automotive world, these letters are known as PRNDL (pronounced as\n‘prindle’). What they stand for are:\n\n### P (Parking): to park the car.\n\nIt locks the transmission shaft and does not let the car to move anywhere. The\nonly thing that can rotate in that condition is the non-driving wheels.\nAlthough, it will completely lock down a four-wheel drive.\n\nThe P is used for parking the car. (Photo Source: rac)\n\n### R (Reverse): for reverse driving\n\nShifting to this gear allows you to drive the vehicle backward. To do that,\nstop the car completely and choose the R gear after pressing the shift-lock\nbutton. There’s no need to do anything while moving from R to N or D, but\nshifting to the R again will require the use of the shift button.\n\n### N (Neutral): no gear\n\nIt means the vehicle is using no gear. In this state, the transmission will\nhave no connection to the driven wheels and the car will move using the\nmomentum only. You should use it only for pushing or towing the car.\n\n### D (Drive): to start and move\n\nUnderstanding the functions of this gear is the most important when you are\nlearning how to drive an automatic car. Putting the car in this gear means\ndriving normally. But, the transmission uses some other variations including\nD1, D2, and D3 to adjust to the speed at which you are driving the vehicle.\nThe D1 means the very first gear and you can gradually move up to the higher\nones. Using the highest gear could be fuel-efficient when you are driving long\ndistance on the highway. Otherwise, these gear ratios are suitable for unusual\nconditions only such as getting the car out of the ice or mud.\n\nThe vehicle uses various D gears to adjust to the speed. (Photo Source:\nautmilas)\n\nWhen you set the gear at D1, it means that the transmission gets locked in\nthat position and won’t change on its own. Setting the gear at D2 means\nlocking it in the second gear. In some models, the gear automatically shifts\nfrom the 1st to 2nd when it reaches a particular speed limit, such as 30mph,\nto protect the engine from damage.\n\n### L (Low): to set a gear at low\n\nAn automatic car changes the gears automatically with the increase and\ndecrease of the speed. Manually shifting to the low gear will decrease the\nspeed but not the torque. As a result, your car gets more towing and staying\npower.\n\n## Some More Gears and Their Functions\n\nDepending on the make and model, your automatic vehicle can feature some other\ngears too. Let’s have a look:\n\n### S (Sport) mode\n\nIt’s almost similar to the D mode but with maximum output levels. It enhances\nthe engine performance when you are speeding up. The downshifting will also be\nmuch quicker in this position, boosting the braking effects.\n\nSEE MORE:\n\n * Automatic Transmission: Low Gear Functions Explained\n * Transmission Issues: Don’t Overlook these Signs!\n\n### OD (Overdrive) mode\n\nIt’s the highest gear and turning it on will allow the transmission to go\nthrough all the gears including the Overdrive. Turning it off will limit the\ntransmission to move between other available modes. It’s helpful for towing,\nclimbing hills, and overtaking.\n\n### B (Brake) mode\n\nSome models come with this gear that helps to decrease the speed of a car.\nIt’s also useful in maintaining a certain speed when you are going downhill.\n\n## How to Drive an Automatic Car: Step by Step Procedure\n\nYou have already learned the basics of an automatic transmission. It’s time\nfor you to know the steps of driving before starting to practice for real.\n\nThe complete tutorial that is geared towards beginner drivers\n\n#### Prepare Adjust Mirror and Seat\n\nBefore getting started, the most essential thing is to adjust the driver’s\nseat and side mirrors. This not only helps you feel safer and more\ncomfortable, it also boosts your focus. So every time when you are about to\ndrive, remember to check all the mirrors to make sure you have the best view\npossible. Yes, when we mean all the mirrors, it means both side mirrors as\nwell as rear view mirrors. Car owners must not change the mirror while driving\nsince it could affect your driving.\n\n#### Check the Brake and the Whole Car\n\nAfter you have checked the mirrors and your driving seats, here are the list\nof things car owners need to prepare before driving:\n\nFirst of all, lock all the doors. This action will reduce the chance of car\ndoors suddenly opened when you are driving.\n\nSecond of all, car owners must check their seatbelt. We do not need to mention\nhow important this action is: It helps drivers avoid the scope of the law but\nalso decrease the chance of injury or death when accidents occur.\n\nThird of all, always give your dashboard a check. Basically, if there is\nanything wrong with your automobile, it will show in the dashboard. So drivers\nneed to see if there are any warning lights flashing before driving.\n\nLast of all, car owners need to remove all the distraction. Believe us,\ndriving is like meditating. So our recommendation is to keep your phone in the\nsilence mood. Along with that, car owners should reduce the music volume to\navoid being distracted. Also, you must not make up while driving.\n\n### Know the use of the feet\n\nUnlike the manual cars, the automatic models don’t have the clutch pedal. They\nhave only the brake pedal and accelerator and you will use only your right\nfoot to control them. The first lesson of learning how to drive an automatic\ncar is to know that your left foot should remain at rest all the time.\n\n### Starting the car\n\nThe lever should be in P when the engine is off. Push the brake pedal and\ninsert the key to the ignition to turn it on. Gently shift the gear to the D\nand then release the pressure on the brake pedal slowly. The vehicle will\nstart moving.\n\nIf you want it to move faster, simply press the gas pedal. The speed has\nnothing to do with the gears. So, don’t change it for regular road driving.\n\nLearning the basics will help you ace the driving test. (Photo Source:\ndriving)\n\n### Taking turns and slowing down\n\nYou have to turn the steering wheel left or right to drive the car in that\ndirection. Apply the brakes to slow it down or stop. The accelerator is for\nspeeding up and you have to limit that speed by shifting the foot on the brake\npedal. Apply pressure on it slowly and gradually unless you need to stop the\nvehicle all of a sudden.\n\n### Parking\n\nThis is the last step of this procedure of how to drive an automatic car. You\nhave to gradually press the brake pedal and shift the gear to the P position\nto stop the vehicle completely. Use the ignition key to switch off the engine.\nFinally, turn off the headlights and get out of the car.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nBesides learning these basics, you should also read the owner’s manual to\nlearn how to drive an automatic car. It has details about the roles and\nfunctions of the transmission and gears. There are various types of automatic\ntransmission cars. So, reading the manual is necessary because it provides\ntips that are relevant to the specific model of your car.\n\n21\n\nShare FacebookTwitterReddItLinkedinWhatsApp\n\nMatsumoto Naoki\n\nMatsumoto Naoki is senior car blogger at Car From Japan. Having background in\nmechanical engineering, he has a unique perspective on a lot of new car\ninnovations. Prior to Car From Japan, Matsumoto was Mechanical Design Engineer\nat Yajima Plant, Subaru Corporation. His articles provide detailed DIY\ninstructions and how-tos to help you get your new car on the road. If you want\nto save money and feel more confident when working on your cars, you should\nnot ignore Matsumoto’s sharing posts. He presents driving tips and tricks for\neveryone through easy-following steps and mechanically but friendly writing.\n\nPrev Post\n\n5 Symptoms of Power Steering Failure\n\nNext Post\n\nWhat Are Popular Symptoms Of Low Clutch Fluid\n\n## You might also like\n\n## More from author\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### How To Save Gas While Driving: The Ultimate Guide\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### Mercedes-Benz Drive Pilot Takes Self-Driving To The Next Level\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### What is Lexus Safety System+?\n\nDriving Tips\n\n### What is Evasive Steering Assistance?\n\nPrev Next\n\n21 Comments\n\n 1. Kigaro says 4 years ago\n\nQuite educative!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Stephen says 4 years ago\n\nIt’s informative\n\nReply\n\n 3. Rosemary says 4 years ago\n\nVery efficient\n\nReply\n\n 4. stephen kalasinga says 4 years ago\n\nGreat work\n\nReply\n\n 5. ROBERT says 3 years ago\n\nWow! Easy learning\n\nReply\n\n 6. Emma says 3 years ago\n\nThank you for the wonderful article\n\nReply\n\n 7. Albans Msika says 3 years ago\n\nI have been using my automatic vehicle for more than 10 years now without\nknowing some of these important outlined tips. Thank you very much. These tips\nwill help me to use my car on the road perfectly well.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Robert manandu says 3 years ago\n\nSo impressive.\n\nReply\n\n 9. Robert manandu says 3 years ago\n\nSo interesting.thanks for that information\n\nReply\n\n 10. Richard says 3 years ago\n\nExplain further on use of D1and D2 in regards to fuel efficiency please.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Boniface Chilongola says 3 years ago\n\nSo clear,simple and interesting\n\nReply\n\n 12. Krishnan says 3 years ago\n\nHi ,can we change gear frm D gear to Sport mode while driving or need to stop\nfirst the car .please explain\n\nReply\n\n 13. Krishnan says 3 years ago\n\nNeed explanation regarding auto cruise function ,in which gear we must turn ON\n.D or ?\n\nReply\n\n 14. SAJJAD AHMAD says 3 years ago\n\nThank you for precise and to the point information through SIMPLE\nLANGUAGE.These guidelines are very helpful for me.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Serah says 3 years ago\n\nThank you.This information is very clear and precise.\n\nReply\n\n 16. Benneth says 3 years ago\n\nThanks a lot Very educative but still want to know what you mean by the gass\npedal to enable you drive faster.\n\nReply\n\n 17. joshua says 2 years ago\n\nThis information has really changed my driving automatic transmission\nlife,thanks for the article\n\nReply\n\n 18. tamera roth Roth says 2 years ago\n\nwhen arriving at destination, my mother steps on brake, then turns key to off,\nthen puts car into park, then takes foot off brake . I do not believe this is\ncorrect.\n\nReply\n\n 19. tamera roth Roth says 2 years ago\n\nshouldnt she press on brake, put car into park then turn key off?\n\nshouldnt she step on brake, then put car into park, then turn key off.\n\nReply\n\n 20. tamera roth Roth says 2 years ago\n\npoint is, you should have car in park before you turn key to off——right?\n\nReply\n\n 21. Ignatius Kaulendo says 2 years ago\n\nYou haven’t explained on when to release the hand brake\n\nReply\n\nLeave A Reply\n\nCancel Reply\n\n## Popular Posts\n\n * 5 Popular Causes of Car Won’t Accelerate Issue\n * How Long Do CVT Transmissions Last? 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936,899 | How To Choose a Name when Changing It | When you're choosing a new name, stay open to inspiration from almost anywhere. For example, you could bring back an elegant older name like Beatrice, or even take the name of a fictional character you love, like Bilbo or Samwise. If you're in the middle of a gender identity or sex change, don't be afraid to explore the idea of using a gender-neutral nickname, like Alex, even if just temporarily. Once you've decided on a name you'd like to try, you can test it out by introducing yourself to a stranger with it, or by asking your friends for their thoughts on it. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210811213947/https://nameberry.com/list/97/Flower-Names-for-Girls",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151001002825/https://blog.bufferapp.com/lessons-learned-from-changing-my-name",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150215121502/http://www.bbc.com:80/news/blogs-magazine-monitor-23790148",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416100732/http://www.hipplanet.com/books/atoz/names.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422173252/http://www.namenerds.com/uucn/advice/family.html"
] | train | 211 | [
{
"original_url": "https://nameberry.com/list/97/Flower-Names-for-Girls",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210811213947/https://nameberry.com/list/97/Flower-Names-for-Girls",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "235 Flower Names for Girls and Boys",
"passages": [
"Flower names for baby girls and boys too were first popular around the turn of the last century and have started to bloom again as modern baby names. Flower names Lily, Violet, Daisy, and Rose rank among the top names for girls in the US and are popular internationally as well..",
"Along with Lily and Rose, other flower names in the US Top 1000 include Briar, Dahlia, Holly, Iris, Ivy, Magnolia, and Poppy. Unique girl names with floral meanings include Leilani, Flora, Cassia, and Posy.",
"Flower names that work for baby girls range from the exotic Amaryllis to Zinnia to the everyday, such as Daisy, Clover, and Marigold. There are even a few flower names for baby boys, such as Florian and Peregrine.",
"Flower baby names can suit every taste and sensibility, from the vintage to the modern, the unique to the familiar. Here, a large collection of flower names for baby girls and boys.",
"Ivy is derived from the name of the ivy plant, which got its name from the Old English word ifig. Ancient Greeks presented an ivy wreath to newlyweds as a symbol of fidelity. In the language of flowers, Ivy signifies faithfulness.",
"Iris is directly derived from the Greek word iris, meaning “rainbow.” In Greek mythology, Iris was the goddess of the rainbow, a messenger for Zeus and Hera who rode the rainbow as a multicolored bridge from heaven to earth. In ancient times, the Iris was considered a symbol of power and majesty, the three petal segments representing faith, wisdom and valor. This colorful image led to the naming of the flower and to the colored part of the eye.",
"In Greek mythology, Daphne was the nymph daughter of Peneus, a river god. Peneus saved Daphne from Apollo’s romantic obsessions by transforming her into a laurel tree. It is from this myth that the plant genus daphne, which contains the laurel species, gets its name.",
"Violet is soft and sweet but far from shrinking. The Victorian Violet, one of the prettiest of the color and flower names, was chosen by high-profile parents Jennifer Garner and Ben Affleck, definitely a factor in its rapid climb to popularity. Violet cracked into the Top 50 for the first time ever in 2015.",
"Rose is derived from the Latin rosa, which referred to the flower. There is also evidence to suggest it was a Norman variation of the Germanic name Hrodohaidis, meaning “famous type.” In Old English it was translated as Roese and Rohese.",
"Poppy, unlike most floral names which are sweet and feminine, has a lot of spunk. Long popular in the United Kingdom, where it peaked at #5 in 2014, Poppy is just starting to catch on in a big way in the US, where it entered the Top 1000 for the first time in 2016 and – just three years later – the Top 500 in 2019.",
"Lily came into use as a given name as a direct influence of the flower. The floral name was derived from the Latin lilium, itself derived from the Greek leirion. Lily later became an adjective to describe whiteness and purity.",
"Jasmine was derived from the Persian word yasmin, referring to the jasmine flower. Scented oil was made from the plant, and it was used as a perfume throughout the Persian Empire. Variants include Jazmin, Yasmin, Yasmine, and Jessamine.",
"Daisy, fresh, wholesome, and energetic, is one of the flower names that burst back into bloom after a century's hibernation. Daisy is now second only to Delilah among most popular girl names starting with D. Originally a nickname for Margaret (the French Marguerite is the word for the flower), Daisy comes from the phrase \"day's eye,\" because it opens its petals at daybreak.",
"Flora, the name of the Roman goddess of flowers and spring, who enjoyed eternal youth, is one of the gently old-fashioned girls' flower names we think is due for a comeback--alongside cousins Cora and Dora. Also the name of a saint, Flora has long been a favorite in Scotland where it was the name of the young heroine who helped Bonnie Prince Charlie make his way to France. Florence, Fiorella, Fleur, and Flower are translations, but we like Flora best of all.",
"Clover is a charming, perky choice if you want to move beyond hothouse blooms like Rose and Lily, and it's recently become a new celeb favorite, chosen by both Neal McDonough and Natasha Gregson Wagner, who used it to honor her mother, Natalie Wood, one of whose most iconic films was Inside Daisy Clover.",
"Fairy-tale memories of Sleeping Beauty inspire some parents—such as Rachel Bilson and Hayden Christensen—to call their daughters Briar Rose. But Briar plus a different middle name might work even better. It's one of the newly popular nature-word names, charting in the US for the first time in 2015 for both genders.",
"A very popular name for boys, also used for girls, in Japan, most familiar in the West as half of cartoon's \"Ren and Stimpy,\" and as the hero in both the original and updated versions of \"Footloose.\"",
"Rosalie hit its apex in 1938 and then slid straight downhill until it fell off the U.S. Top 1000 completely in the 1980s, only to spring back to life in 2009 as the name of a character in the Twilight series. The beautiful vampire Rosalie Hale has breathed fresh life back into this mid-century name, and the fact that the character is both sympathetic and relatively minor means Rosalie has the chance to thrive again as a baby name without feeling unduly tied to Twilight.",
"Delphine is a sleek, chic French name with two nature associations—the dolphin and the delphinium, a bluebell-like flower, a well as to the ancient city of Delphi, which the Greeks believed to be the womb of the earth. It is definitely a fresher choice than over-the-hill Danielle.",
"One of the flower names, used occasionally in Britain (where it's pronounced DAY-lee-a). It seems to have recovered from what was perceived as a slightly affected la-di-dah air. The flower was named in honor of the pioneering Swedish botanist Andreas Dahl, which means dale.",
"Cassia is related to the cassia tree, which has yellow flowers and produces a spice that can be a substitute for cinnamon. Keziah, the name of Job’s daughter in the Old Testament, derives from the name of the plant as well. Cassia also has ties to the Ancient Roman name Cassius, an Ancient Roman family name meaning \"hollow.\"",
"Cynthia is an attractive name -- in classical mythology an epithet for Artemis or Diana -- that was so overexposed in the middle of the twentieth century, along with its nickname Cindy, that it fell into a period of benign neglect, but now is ripe for reconsideration in its full form.",
"Azalea is one of the fresher flower names, along with Zinnia and Lilac, that are new to the name bouquet--in fact it just entered the Social Security list for the first time in 2012. So if Lily and Rose are too tame for you, consider this brilliant pink springtime blossom with a touch of the exotic that has been growing in popularity.",
"Marigold, once found almost exclusively in English novels and aristocratic nurseries, is beginning to be talked about and considered here. It has a sweet, sunny, quirky feel. The marigold was the symbol of the Virgin Mary.",
"Indigo is one of the most appealing and evocative of the new generation of color names. Color names have joined flower and jewel names -- in a big way -- and Indigo, a deep blue-purple dye from plants native to India, is particularly striking for both girls and boys. Indigo is the name of a character in the Ntozake Shange novel Sassafrass, Cypress & Indigo, and was used for his daughter by Lou Diamond Phillips.",
"Rue has gone from Golden Girls actress to Hunger Games heroine. This botanical name is also a coincidental double word name, meaning \"regret\" in English and \"street in\" French. Despite these unfortunate secondary meanings, Rue has real potential to be one of the most popular new middle names for girls.",
"Lavender lags far behind sweet-smelling purple-hued sister names Violet and Lilac, but is starting to get some enthusiastic attention from cutting-edge namers. It does have a history as a name, going back to the eighteenth century, when it was also used for boys. But its recent attention comes from Lavender Brown, a witch character in the Harry Potter saga – though Lavender had also been previously featured as a best friend character in Roald Dahl's Matilda.",
"Calix derives from the Latin word for chalice, calyx, which in turn came from the Ancient Greek word kálux, meaning “husk” or “pod.” It is also considered a diminutive of Calixtus, a variation of the Late Roman name Callistus meaning “most beautiful.” Calyx can also be spelled Calyx, as in the funnel or chalice-shaped part of a flower.",
"This is a fresh new addition to the botanical list; comedian Gilbert Gottfried made it a real bouquet when he named his daughter Lily Aster. And the name of the little girl on television's Dexter sounds like Aster, but is actually spelled Astor, which brings it more high society name. Aster relates to the Greek word for star.",
"Magnolia, a sweet-smelling Southern belle of a name made famous via the iconic Edna Ferber novel and musical Showboat, is one of the latest wave of botanical names, along with exotic blossoms Azalea and Zinnia. It is named for French botanist Pierre Magnol.",
"A quaint and quirky flower name, until recently considered a bit too prim for most American classrooms but brought back to life in recent years by the attractive character of Primrose \"Prim\" Everdeen in the Hunger Games series. In the Top 300 girl names in England and Wales and on Nameberry, Primrose remains rare in the US, but is made more accessible by a raft of sweet nickname options, including Rosie and Posy.",
"Fleur is a generic, delicate flower name that emigrated into the English- speaking world when John Galsworthy bestowed it on one of the Forsytes in his celebrated saga. More recently, there was Fleur Delacour, a French witch and the Beauxbatons champion for the Triwizard Tournament in Harry Potter.",
"Austrian actress Romy Schneider seemed to be the singular bearer of this international nickname name until it found new style currency in the past decade.",
"If you love both unique baby names and flower names for girls, Amaryllis might be a perfect choice for you. A showier flower name than Lily, but in the same botanical family, Amaryllis is not as outre as it might at first sound. It was used in Greek poetry as the appellation of pure pastoral beauties; Amaryllis is the heroine of Virgil's epic poem Ecologues, after whom the flower was named. Other references are characters in the George Bernard Shaw play Back to Methuselah and The Music Man. James Bond-creator Ian Fleming had a half sister named Amaryllis Marie-Louise Fleming, who was a noted British cellist.",
"Despite appearances, Rosemary is not a “smoosh” name, not even a traditional one. The name derives from two Latin terms “Ros” meaning ‘dew’ and “Marinus” “meaning “of the sea”. The plant was termed ‘dew of the sea’ due to its salty texture and its ability to thrive in coastal climes. Only after the Middle Ages did the English names of Rose and Mary become interchanged with the name Rosmarinus and give us the modern name we use today.",
"This unusual Greek flower and color name has gained considerable recent attention via actress Ione Skye, who is the daughter of sixties folksinger Donovan.",
"Although Susan had her heyday from the thirties to the sixties, and is now common among moms and new grandmas, and though most modern parents would prefer Susanna/Susannah, we have spotted some flickers of interest in a revival. It still retains a certain black-eyed-Susan freshness.",
"If Flora and Florence have returned full force, Florian, with its trendy Latinate ending, could also have a chance. Popular in Germany, Austria and Switzerland -- he was the venerated patron saint of those in danger from water and of firefighters -- might sound a tad feminine and floral to English speakers. But as a middle name, Florian could be a great way to honor grandma Florence (or any other flower name).",
"Viola has several positive elements going for it: the rhythm of the musical instrument, the association with the flower, the trending 'Vi' beginning and its leading role in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night.",
"Rosalind has a distinguished literary history --it started as a as a lyrical name in early pastoral poetry, probably coined by Edmund Spenser. It was further popularized by Shakespeare via one of his most charming heroines, in As You Like It --and, along with a bouquet of other Rose names, might be ready for a comeback.",
"Peregrine is considered to be an elegantly aristocratic name in England, but has never made it to the U.S., where it has been seen as extravagantly eccentric. In the new naming climate, though, it's not beyond consideration — in fact it's already been chosen by at least one Berry.",
"Liana is a pretty and graceful name -- it's a flowering tropical vine -- that runs the risk of sounding as if its front end might have been cut off, as in Juliana or Eliana.",
"Acacia is an attractive, rarely used Greek flower name enhanced by its popular beginning-and-ending-with 'a'-construct, and is gradually beginning to catch on as a new member of the stylish girl names starting with A.",
"Calla is a lily name that is much more distinctive and delicate than Lily. Rarely heard today, it did appear in the popularity lists in the last decades of the nineteenth century.",
"Leilani is derived from the Hawaiian elements lei, meaning \"flower,\" and lani, \"heavenly.\" It can also be translated as \"royal child,\" as lani is connected to high-birth and aristocracy, and leis—flower garlands worn around the neck—are associated with children. \"Sweet Leilani\" is an Academy Award-winning song by Bing Crosby.",
"As sweet-smelling as Rose but with an international flavour, Rosa is one of the most classic Portuguese, Spanish and Italian names, which is also favored by upper-class Brits, having an ample measure of vintage charm. Rosa has been on the popularity charts for every year that's been counted, especially popular from the 1880s through the beginning of the twentieth century.",
"Now that parents have picked virtually every name in the garden, from the common Rose to the exotic Zinnia, some are reconsidering the old, more generic names like Flora and Posy and Blossom-- which was last in favor in the 1920's and still has a Floradora showgirl aura.",
"Bryony is an unusually strong plant name --the bryony is a wild climbing vine with green flowers --that caught on in the U.K. before sprouting here. The name of the young character in the Ian McEwan novel Atonement is spelled Briony, which is the variation and Bryony the original.",
"Could Lilac be the next Lila or Lily or Violet? It certainly has a lot going for it--those lilting double 'l's, the fabulous fragrance it exudes, and the fact that it's a color name as well, providing a ready made nursery theme. In addition, the lilac is symbolic of first love.",
"Linnea is an attractive Scandinavian name that derives from the renowned 18th century Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus, who developed the Linnean system of classifying plants and animals.",
"Like Violet, Lavender and Lilac, Ianthe is a purple flower name. Chosen by the poet Shelley for his daughter, Ianthe has a poetic, romantic, almost ethereal quality. In the ancient myth, she was the daughter of Oceanus, supreme ruler of the sea, and also a Cretan woman so beautiful that when she died the Gods made purple flowers grow around her grave.",
"Senna is a flowering bush common in the tropics, with bright yellow flowers. In herbal medicine, Senna has gained some notice as the active ingredient in so-called \"dieter's teas,\" which works mainly as a laxative. While that is a less-than-savory association, Senna has a pretty sound and is a fresh entry in the flourishing botanical names genus."
]
},
"parsed_md": "235 Flower Names for Girls and Boys | Nameberry\n\nFind your type now\n\nAboutQuiz\n\n * Home\n * Log In\n * Sign Up\n * Advanced Search\n * Boys Names\n * Girls Names\n * Unisex Names\n * Unique Names\n * Popular Names\n * Baby Names\n\n * Popular Baby Names\n * Girl Names\n * Boy Names\n * Unisex Names\n * Unique Baby Names\n * Celebrity Baby Names\n * Names by Origin\n * Private Name Consulting\n\n * Lists\n\n * Girl Names\n * Boy Names\n * Unisex Names\n * Classic Names\n * Cool Names\n * Name Trends\n * Baby Name Meanings\n * Nature and Word Names\n * User-Created\n * Historic & Vintage Names\n * Unusual Names\n\n * News\n\n * News Home\n * Girl Names\n * Boy Names\n * Unisex Names\n * Trends & Predictions\n * Name Popularity\n * Baby Naming Advice\n * Pregnancy & Baby\n\n * Forums\n\n * Forums Home\n * Girl\n * Boy\n * Moms’ Groups\n * Baby Name Games\n * Birth Announcements\n * See All\n\n * Pregnancy and Baby\n * Names by Origin\n * Private Name Consulting\n * * Log In\n * Sign Up\n * About Nameberry\n * News\n * Forums\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Lists\n 3. Girl Names Lists\n\n# Flower Names for Babies\n\nWed Oct 21 2020By Pamela Redmond\n\nFlower names for baby girls and boys too were first popular around the turn of\nthe last century and have started to bloom again as modern baby names. Flower\nnames Lily, Violet, Daisy, and Rose rank among the top names for girls in the\nUS and are popular internationally as well..\n\nAlong with Lily and Rose, other flower names in the US Top 1000 include Briar,\nDahlia, Holly, Iris, Ivy, Magnolia, and Poppy. Unique girl names with floral\nmeanings include Leilani, Flora, Cassia, and Posy.\n\nFlower names that work for baby girls range from the exotic Amaryllis to\nZinnia to the everyday, such as Daisy, Clover, and Marigold. There are even a\nfew flower names for baby boys, such as Florian and Peregrine.\n\nFlower baby names can suit every taste and sensibility, from the vintage to\nthe modern, the unique to the familiar. Here, a large collection of flower\nnames for baby girls and boys.\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Ivy\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nBotanical name\n\n * ### Description:\n\nIvy is derived from the name of the ivy plant, which got its name from the Old\nEnglish word ifig. Ancient Greeks presented an ivy wreath to newlyweds as a\nsymbol of fidelity. In the language of flowers, Ivy signifies faithfulness.\n\nIvy Continued\n\n## Iris\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFlower name; also Greek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"rainbow\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nIris is directly derived from the Greek word iris, meaning “rainbow.” In Greek\nmythology, Iris was the goddess of the rainbow, a messenger for Zeus and Hera\nwho rode the rainbow as a multicolored bridge from heaven to earth. In ancient\ntimes, the Iris was considered a symbol of power and majesty, the three petal\nsegments representing faith, wisdom and valor. This colorful image led to the\nnaming of the flower and to the colored part of the eye.\n\nIris Continued\n\n## Daphne\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"laurel tree, bay tree\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nIn Greek mythology, Daphne was the nymph daughter of Peneus, a river god.\nPeneus saved Daphne from Apollo’s romantic obsessions by transforming her into\na laurel tree. It is from this myth that the plant genus daphne, which\ncontains the laurel species, gets its name.\n\nDaphne Continued\n\n## Violet\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish from Latin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"purple\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nViolet is soft and sweet but far from shrinking. The Victorian Violet, one of\nthe prettiest of the color and flower names, was chosen by high-profile\nparents Jennifer Garner and Ben Affleck, definitely a factor in its rapid\nclimb to popularity. Violet cracked into the Top 50 for the first time ever in\n2015.\n\nViolet Continued\n\n## Rose\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"rose, a flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nRose is derived from the Latin rosa, which referred to the flower. There is\nalso evidence to suggest it was a Norman variation of the Germanic name\nHrodohaidis, meaning “famous type.” In Old English it was translated as Roese\nand Rohese.\n\nRose Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Poppy\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish from Latin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"red flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nPoppy, unlike most floral names which are sweet and feminine, has a lot of\nspunk. Long popular in the United Kingdom, where it peaked at #5 in 2014,\nPoppy is just starting to catch on in a big way in the US, where it entered\nthe Top 1000 for the first time in 2016 and – just three years later – the Top\n500 in 2019.\n\nPoppy Continued\n\n## Lily\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish flower name\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"lily\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nLily came into use as a given name as a direct influence of the flower. The\nfloral name was derived from the Latin lilium, itself derived from the Greek\nleirion. Lily later became an adjective to describe whiteness and purity.\n\nLily Continued\n\n## Jasmine\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFlower name, from Persian\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"gift from God\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nJasmine was derived from the Persian word yasmin, referring to the jasmine\nflower. Scented oil was made from the plant, and it was used as a perfume\nthroughout the Persian Empire. Variants include Jazmin, Yasmin, Yasmine, and\nJessamine.\n\nJasmine Continued\n\n## Daisy\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nDiminutive of Margaret or flower name, from English\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"day's eye\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nDaisy, fresh, wholesome, and energetic, is one of the flower names that burst\nback into bloom after a century's hibernation. Daisy is now second only to\nDelilah among most popular girl names starting with D. Originally a nickname\nfor Margaret (the French Marguerite is the word for the flower), Daisy comes\nfrom the phrase \"day's eye,\" because it opens its petals at daybreak.\n\nDaisy Continued\n\n## Flora\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nFlora, the name of the Roman goddess of flowers and spring, who enjoyed\neternal youth, is one of the gently old-fashioned girls' flower names we think\nis due for a comeback--alongside cousins Cora and Dora. Also the name of a\nsaint, Flora has long been a favorite in Scotland where it was the name of the\nyoung heroine who helped Bonnie Prince Charlie make his way to France.\nFlorence, Fiorella, Fleur, and Flower are translations, but we like Flora best\nof all.\n\nFlora Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Clover\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFlower name, from Old English\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"key\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nClover is a charming, perky choice if you want to move beyond hothouse blooms\nlike Rose and Lily, and it's recently become a new celeb favorite, chosen by\nboth Neal McDonough and Natasha Gregson Wagner, who used it to honor her\nmother, Natalie Wood, one of whose most iconic films was Inside Daisy Clover.\n\nClover Continued\n\n## Briar\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"a thorny patch\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nFairy-tale memories of Sleeping Beauty inspire some parents—such as Rachel\nBilson and Hayden Christensen—to call their daughters Briar Rose. But Briar\nplus a different middle name might work even better. It's one of the newly\npopular nature-word names, charting in the US for the first time in 2015 for\nboth genders.\n\nBriar Continued\n\n## Ren\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nDiminutive of Rene or Japanese\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"water lily; lotus\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nA very popular name for boys, also used for girls, in Japan, most familiar in\nthe West as half of cartoon's \"Ren and Stimpy,\" and as the hero in both the\noriginal and updated versions of \"Footloose.\"\n\nRen Continued\n\n## Rosalie\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFrench variation of Latin Rosalia\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"rose\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nRosalie hit its apex in 1938 and then slid straight downhill until it fell off\nthe U.S. Top 1000 completely in the 1980s, only to spring back to life in 2009\nas the name of a character in the Twilight series. The beautiful vampire\nRosalie Hale has breathed fresh life back into this mid-century name, and the\nfact that the character is both sympathetic and relatively minor means Rosalie\nhas the chance to thrive again as a baby name without feeling unduly tied to\nTwilight.\n\nRosalie Continued\n\n## Delphine\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFrench from Greek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"dolphin\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nDelphine is a sleek, chic French name with two nature associations—the dolphin\nand the delphinium, a bluebell-like flower, a well as to the ancient city of\nDelphi, which the Greeks believed to be the womb of the earth. It is\ndefinitely a fresher choice than over-the-hill Danielle.\n\nDelphine Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Dahlia\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFlower name, from Swedish surname\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"Dahl's flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nOne of the flower names, used occasionally in Britain (where it's pronounced\nDAY-lee-a). It seems to have recovered from what was perceived as a slightly\naffected la-di-dah air. The flower was named in honor of the pioneering\nSwedish botanist Andreas Dahl, which means dale.\n\nDahlia Continued\n\n## Veronica\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin alteration of Berenice, also related to Latin phrase <em>vera icon</em>\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"she who brings victory; true image\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nThe name Veronica projects a triple-threat image: at once saintly, sensuous,\nand strong.\n\nVeronica Continued\n\n## Cassia\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFeminine form of Cassius or Greek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"cinnamon\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nCassia is related to the cassia tree, which has yellow flowers and produces a\nspice that can be a substitute for cinnamon. Keziah, the name of Job’s\ndaughter in the Old Testament, derives from the name of the plant as well.\nCassia also has ties to the Ancient Roman name Cassius, an Ancient Roman\nfamily name meaning \"hollow.\"\n\nCassia Continued\n\n## Cynthia\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"moon goddess or, woman from Kynthos\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nCynthia is an attractive name -- in classical mythology an epithet for Artemis\nor Diana -- that was so overexposed in the middle of the twentieth century,\nalong with its nickname Cindy, that it fell into a period of benign neglect,\nbut now is ripe for reconsideration in its full form.\n\nCynthia Continued\n\n## Azalea\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"azalea, a flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nAzalea is one of the fresher flower names, along with Zinnia and Lilac, that\nare new to the name bouquet--in fact it just entered the Social Security list\nfor the first time in 2012. So if Lily and Rose are too tame for you, consider\nthis brilliant pink springtime blossom with a touch of the exotic that has\nbeen growing in popularity.\n\nAzalea Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Marigold\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFlower name, from English\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"golden flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nMarigold, once found almost exclusively in English novels and aristocratic\nnurseries, is beginning to be talked about and considered here. It has a\nsweet, sunny, quirky feel. The marigold was the symbol of the Virgin Mary.\n\nMarigold Continued\n\n## Indigo\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"Indian dye\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nIndigo is one of the most appealing and evocative of the new generation of\ncolor names. Color names have joined flower and jewel names -- in a big way --\nand Indigo, a deep blue-purple dye from plants native to India, is\nparticularly striking for both girls and boys. Indigo is the name of a\ncharacter in the Ntozake Shange novel Sassafrass, Cypress & Indigo, and was\nused for his daughter by Lou Diamond Phillips.\n\nIndigo Continued\n\n## Rue\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nBotanical names or word name\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"herb; regret\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nRue has gone from Golden Girls actress to Hunger Games heroine. This botanical\nname is also a coincidental double word name, meaning \"regret\" in English and\n\"street in\" French. Despite these unfortunate secondary meanings, Rue has real\npotential to be one of the most popular new middle names for girls.\n\nRue Continued\n\n## Lavender\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"flower and color name\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nLavender lags far behind sweet-smelling purple-hued sister names Violet and\nLilac, but is starting to get some enthusiastic attention from cutting-edge\nnamers. It does have a history as a name, going back to the eighteenth\ncentury, when it was also used for boys. But its recent attention comes from\nLavender Brown, a witch character in the Harry Potter saga – though Lavender\nhad also been previously featured as a best friend character in Roald Dahl's\nMatilda.\n\nLavender Continued\n\n## Calix\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nMale variation of Calixta or Latin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"chalice\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nCalix derives from the Latin word for chalice, calyx, which in turn came from\nthe Ancient Greek word kálux, meaning “husk” or “pod.” It is also considered a\ndiminutive of Calixtus, a variation of the Late Roman name Callistus meaning\n“most beautiful.” Calyx can also be spelled Calyx, as in the funnel or\nchalice-shaped part of a flower.\n\nCalix Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Aster\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"star\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nThis is a fresh new addition to the botanical list; comedian Gilbert Gottfried\nmade it a real bouquet when he named his daughter Lily Aster. And the name of\nthe little girl on television's Dexter sounds like Aster, but is actually\nspelled Astor, which brings it more high society name. Aster relates to the\nGreek word for star.\n\nAster Continued\n\n## Magnolia\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFlower name, from French surname\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"Magnol's flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nMagnolia, a sweet-smelling Southern belle of a name made famous via the iconic\nEdna Ferber novel and musical Showboat, is one of the latest wave of botanical\nnames, along with exotic blossoms Azalea and Zinnia. It is named for French\nbotanist Pierre Magnol.\n\nMagnolia Continued\n\n## Rhodes\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"where roses grow\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nA Greek island and a prestigious scholarship make an upper-crusty first name.\n\nRhodes Continued\n\n## Primrose\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish flower name\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"first rose\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nA quaint and quirky flower name, until recently considered a bit too prim for\nmost American classrooms but brought back to life in recent years by the\nattractive character of Primrose \"Prim\" Everdeen in the Hunger Games series.\nIn the Top 300 girl names in England and Wales and on Nameberry, Primrose\nremains rare in the US, but is made more accessible by a raft of sweet\nnickname options, including Rosie and Posy.\n\nPrimrose Continued\n\n## Fleur\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFrench\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nFleur is a generic, delicate flower name that emigrated into the English-\nspeaking world when John Galsworthy bestowed it on one of the Forsytes in his\ncelebrated saga. More recently, there was Fleur Delacour, a French witch and\nthe Beauxbatons champion for the Triwizard Tournament in Harry Potter.\n\nFleur Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Romy\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nDiminutive of Rosemary, Roma, Romana, Romilly etc.\n\n * ### Description:\n\nAustrian actress Romy Schneider seemed to be the singular bearer of this\ninternational nickname name until it found new style currency in the past\ndecade.\n\nRomy Continued\n\n## Amaryllis\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"to sparkle\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nIf you love both unique baby names and flower names for girls, Amaryllis might\nbe a perfect choice for you. A showier flower name than Lily, but in the same\nbotanical family, Amaryllis is not as outre as it might at first sound. It was\nused in Greek poetry as the appellation of pure pastoral beauties; Amaryllis\nis the heroine of Virgil's epic poem Ecologues, after whom the flower was\nnamed. Other references are characters in the George Bernard Shaw play Back to\nMethuselah and The Music Man. James Bond-creator Ian Fleming had a half sister\nnamed Amaryllis Marie-Louise Fleming, who was a noted British cellist.\n\nAmaryllis Continued\n\n## Rosemary\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin or English\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"dew of the sea, or rosemary (herb)\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nDespite appearances, Rosemary is not a “smoosh” name, not even a traditional\none. The name derives from two Latin terms “Ros” meaning ‘dew’ and “Marinus”\n“meaning “of the sea”. The plant was termed ‘dew of the sea’ due to its salty\ntexture and its ability to thrive in coastal climes. Only after the Middle\nAges did the English names of Rose and Mary become interchanged with the name\nRosmarinus and give us the modern name we use today.\n\nRosemary Continued\n\n## Ione\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek, a violet-colored stone\n\n * ### Description:\n\nThis unusual Greek flower and color name has gained considerable recent\nattention via actress Ione Skye, who is the daughter of sixties folksinger\nDonovan.\n\nIone Continued\n\n## Susan\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish short form of Susannah, Hebrew,\"lily\"\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"lily\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nAlthough Susan had her heyday from the thirties to the sixties, and is now\ncommon among moms and new grandmas, and though most modern parents would\nprefer Susanna/Susannah, we have spotted some flickers of interest in a\nrevival. It still retains a certain black-eyed-Susan freshness.\n\nSusan Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Florian\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"flowering\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nIf Flora and Florence have returned full force, Florian, with its trendy\nLatinate ending, could also have a chance. Popular in Germany, Austria and\nSwitzerland -- he was the venerated patron saint of those in danger from water\nand of firefighters -- might sound a tad feminine and floral to English\nspeakers. But as a middle name, Florian could be a great way to honor grandma\nFlorence (or any other flower name).\n\nFlorian Continued\n\n## Viola\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"violet\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nViola has several positive elements going for it: the rhythm of the musical\ninstrument, the association with the flower, the trending 'Vi' beginning and\nits leading role in Shakespeare's Twelfth Night.\n\nViola Continued\n\n## Rosalind\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"pretty rose\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nRosalind has a distinguished literary history --it started as a as a lyrical\nname in early pastoral poetry, probably coined by Edmund Spenser. It was\nfurther popularized by Shakespeare via one of his most charming heroines, in\nAs You Like It --and, along with a bouquet of other Rose names, might be ready\nfor a comeback.\n\nRosalind Continued\n\n## Peregrine\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"traveler, pilgrim\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nPeregrine is considered to be an elegantly aristocratic name in England, but\nhas never made it to the U.S., where it has been seen as extravagantly\neccentric. In the new naming climate, though, it's not beyond consideration —\nin fact it's already been chosen by at least one Berry.\n\nPeregrine Continued\n\n## Liana\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nFrench\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"to climb like a vine\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nLiana is a pretty and graceful name -- it's a flowering tropical vine -- that\nruns the risk of sounding as if its front end might have been cut off, as in\nJuliana or Eliana.\n\nLiana Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Acacia\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"thorny\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nAcacia is an attractive, rarely used Greek flower name enhanced by its popular\nbeginning-and-ending-with 'a'-construct, and is gradually beginning to catch\non as a new member of the stylish girl names starting with A.\n\nAcacia Continued\n\n## Calla\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"beautiful\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nCalla is a lily name that is much more distinctive and delicate than Lily.\nRarely heard today, it did appear in the popularity lists in the last decades\nof the nineteenth century.\n\nCalla Continued\n\n## Leilani\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nHawaiian\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"a heavenly flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nLeilani is derived from the Hawaiian elements lei, meaning \"flower,\" and lani,\n\"heavenly.\" It can also be translated as \"royal child,\" as lani is connected\nto high-birth and aristocracy, and leis—flower garlands worn around the\nneck—are associated with children. \"Sweet Leilani\" is an Academy Award-winning\nsong by Bing Crosby.\n\nLeilani Continued\n\n## Rosa\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatinate variation of Rose\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"rose, a flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nAs sweet-smelling as Rose but with an international flavour, Rosa is one of\nthe most classic Portuguese, Spanish and Italian names, which is also favored\nby upper-class Brits, having an ample measure of vintage charm. Rosa has been\non the popularity charts for every year that's been counted, especially\npopular from the 1880s through the beginning of the twentieth century.\n\nRosa Continued\n\n## Blossom\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"to bloom\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nNow that parents have picked virtually every name in the garden, from the\ncommon Rose to the exotic Zinnia, some are reconsidering the old, more generic\nnames like Flora and Posy and Blossom-- which was last in favor in the 1920's\nand still has a Floradora showgirl aura.\n\nBlossom Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n## Bryony\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nLatin flower name\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"to sprout\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nBryony is an unusually strong plant name --the bryony is a wild climbing vine\nwith green flowers --that caught on in the U.K. before sprouting here. The\nname of the young character in the Ian McEwan novel Atonement is spelled\nBriony, which is the variation and Bryony the original.\n\nBryony Continued\n\n## Lilac\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nEnglish, from Persian\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"bluish or lilac\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nCould Lilac be the next Lila or Lily or Violet? It certainly has a lot going\nfor it--those lilting double 'l's, the fabulous fragrance it exudes, and the\nfact that it's a color name as well, providing a ready made nursery theme. In\naddition, the lilac is symbolic of first love.\n\nLilac Continued\n\n## Linnea\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nSwedish\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"twinflower, lime tree\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nLinnea is an attractive Scandinavian name that derives from the renowned 18th\ncentury Swedish botanist Carl Linnaeus, who developed the Linnean system of\nclassifying plants and animals.\n\nLinnea Continued\n\n## Ianthe\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nGreek\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"purple flower\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nLike Violet, Lavender and Lilac, Ianthe is a purple flower name. Chosen by the\npoet Shelley for his daughter, Ianthe has a poetic, romantic, almost ethereal\nquality. In the ancient myth, she was the daughter of Oceanus, supreme ruler\nof the sea, and also a Cretan woman so beautiful that when she died the Gods\nmade purple flowers grow around her grave.\n\nIanthe Continued\n\n## Senna\n\n * ### Origin:\n\nBotanical name; Arabic\n\n * ### Meaning:\n\n\"brightness\"\n\n * ### Description:\n\nSenna is a flowering bush common in the tropics, with bright yellow flowers.\nIn herbal medicine, Senna has gained some notice as the active ingredient in\nso-called \"dieter's teas,\" which works mainly as a laxative. While that is a\nless-than-savory association, Senna has a pretty sound and is a fresh entry in\nthe flourishing botanical names genus.\n\nSenna Continued\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nLoading ...\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n * About\n * Contact\n * Support\n * Privacy\n * Change Privacy Settings\n\n© 2021 Nameberry.com.Nameberry is a registered trademark of Nameberry, LLC.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://blog.bufferapp.com/lessons-learned-from-changing-my-name",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151001002825/https://blog.bufferapp.com/lessons-learned-from-changing-my-name",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Why I Changed My Name and What It Taught Me About Who I Am",
"passages": [
"If you take a look at my bio here on the Buffer blog, my Twitter account or my website, you’ll see that my name is Belle Beth Cooper. That’s been my name for about eight months. Prior to that it was Corina Mackay. Corina Mary Mackay, in fact, since about ten days after I was born.",
"Changing your name so dramatically isn’t something many of us do, so I thought it would be fun to tell the story of why I changed it, what the process was like and what I learned from it.",
"Changing my name was a complicated process that took lots of things into account. It’s difficult to really point to one reason that made me do it. Here are some of the contributing factors, though.",
"Corina isn’t too unusual a name, but my spelling can be. It’s often spelled with two r’s or two n’s, or with an a, as in Carina. My original surname, Mackay, also has it’s problems. My dad told me once when I was a kid that he thought it was a Scottish name that had been brought to Australia generations ago and the pronunciation had been mangled, so we actually said our own name wrong. Who knows if that’s the case.",
"Anyway, the way we pronounced it was ‘mack-ay’, even though it’s spelled more like ‘mack-eye.’ So quite often it would be pronounced wrong by others, or it would be spelled McKay, or MacKay. The fact that Australia actually has a city called Mackay that’s pronounced ‘mack-eye’ didn’t help.",
"Needless to say, this got pretty tiring as a kid. When all you’re trying to do is fit in at school and seem cool, the last thing you want is to have to wrestle with every teacher over how to say or spell your name.",
"Choosing a unique name that nobody else in the world has is pretty hard unless you’re willing to go for a word that isn’t even considered a name (yet). Or a crazy spelling, which we’ve already discussed was not something I enjoyed dealing with.",
"Having chosen your own name, however, is pretty unique, regardless of what that name is. There are lots of people who’ve change their names, I’m sure, but I’ve never met one. It feels pretty cool to have done something not many others have.",
"On that note, I’m also fiercely independent and I love the idea of being in control of something so often seen as ‘out of our hands’. I really like knowing that I’ve done something many people would assume is not even an option.",
"As a teenager, I really outgrew my family ties in a sense. I don’t place a lot of importance on people because they’re my family, but rather just because of who they are and whether I get along with them. For instance, I don’t see many of my family members who still live in my home state, because we just don’t have much in common. I don’t make a point of traveling back there on a regular basis simply because they’re my family.",
"Other family members who live closer to me happen to have more in common with me as well, so I spend more time with them. The fact that they are family doesn’t hold as much importance for me as it does for many people.",
"Mostly, this is just because of how I grew up, and the roles that family did (or didn’t) play in my life as I developed. What this means is that the fact that my name holds some kind of ties to my family doesn’t affect me a whole lot. A little bit, yes, but not a lot.",
"In my case, the ties are that my dad chose my first name, my mum gave me her middle name, and my surname comes from my dad’s family. I was pretty lucky in that most of the family members who know I’ve changed my name didn’t get upset, even if they didn’t understand why I did it. I was also really lucky that I had total support from some people, like my sister and my friends.",
"My dad did feel a bit taken aback by it. Although he knew I was using my new name already, talking to him about the process of changing it legally was pretty tough. That conversation was a huge lesson for me in empathy and communication. My dad suggested I was changing my name out of anger towards my parents, almost in revenge or as a way to hurt them. That’s a pretty hard thing to hear from someone you love and respect, and it wasn’t easy to explain why I was changing my name and to convince him it was no reflection on my relationship with him or my mum at all.",
"Although for me the legal process was more about convenience (having my preferred name match my legal name) and an exciting new chapter in my life, it brought up some tough discussion about my feelings towards my parents now, and how I feel about my childhood. I definitely didn’t expect that, and I think it was a surprising benefit that my dad and I could get some deep issues out in the open as a result of discussing my name change.",
"Choosing a new name is a funny process. Essentially, I could choose anything I wanted to, so long as it was deemed appropriate by the Registry of Births, Deaths and Marriages (it’s not quite as easy as sitcoms make out).",
"By the time I was filling out the paperwork to get my name changed legally, I was still deciding between two name variations: Belle Beth Cooper and Belle Verity Adams. Each name has a little bit of significance, though the overall choice came down to how I thought all three sounded and looked together, since I knew I’d have to get used to that being my name.",
"Belle: this was a nickname my sister gave me when I was about four years old, after a character in my favorite movie. My sister was really the only one who used it until about three years ago.",
"I started using the name Belle well before I started the process of changing it legally. One of the good things about working in theatre is that you can use pretty much any name you like. For a couple of years I was working on lots of theatre projects, and I used the name Belle each time. I experimented with a few different name combinations as I tried to choose something that would go with Belle, so I have programs stashed away from various shows, all with different names on them.",
"Beth: I was an exchange student in the U.S.A in 2004 and both my exchange mom and sister have this middle name. While I was looking for names to go with Belle, one of them suggested this and I loved it.",
"Of course, this was a point of contention in the discussion with my dad that I mentioned above, as well, and I can see why. Giving up the middle name I had, which matched my mum’s, to take one from another family could certainly be taken the wrong way, regardless of how I meant it.",
"Cooper: A distant relative on my mum’s side has this last name. I don’t even know who it is—perhaps a great-aunt. Having heard it before, it popped into my heard early-on as a possibility. In the end, the real pull for this name was just that it’s easy to spell and say, and I thought it went well with Belle.",
"The actual process of changing my legal name wasn’t much fun or super interesting, but I’ll break it down briefly so you can see what goes into it. Of course, this will differ by state and country, but it should give you a basic idea of the process.",
"As I mentioned before, my name had to be accepted as appropriate. I also had to specify a reason for changing it in more detail than simply “personal” or “professional reasons.” Since I’d been using the name for a couple of years in the theatre industry already, my reason was that it was confusing for my legal name to not match the name I was using professionally. It got through, so I guess that’s an acceptable reason!",
"I posted this tweet on my visit to the local government office that handles name changes. I didn’t quite have everything I needed that day, so I was a bit pre-emptive in pointing out to my co-founder Josh that I was about to have a new name!",
"Below are photos I shared on Twitter on the day I sent my forms away—on the left is my application, on the right is the letter addressed to the government office that handles name changes.",
"It’s funny how many things I noticed after doing this, that I had never expected. Here are some of the more fascinating things I’ve learned or noticed since changing my name.",
"I read an article once about actors choosing stage names that said you should never, ever change your first name. The reason for this is that as an adult, you’ve spent so long having that name ingrained into your subconscious that you’ll always respond to it even if it’s not officially your name anymore. I guess I must have read that after I’d changed mine...",
"People are usually surprised that I changed my whole name, and it’s nothing like my former name. I guess this is because it’s such an unusual thing to do. Even when I say I’ve changed my name, people often assume it’s a surname change due to marriage.",
"One of the first things I did was head into the bank and get my name updated in my file. I had to sign some paperwork while I was there, and I’d forgotten to pick a new signature so when they put me on the spot, I just used my old one.",
"By this time it’s just a squiggle anyway, so it doesn’t matter too much, but it seems odd every time I sign something to be essentially writing my old name.",
"I like the idea of using all three of my names, i.e. Belle Beth Cooper. This is probably another exercise in being original, I suppose. One thing I didn’t foresee would be an issue is that a lot of people call me Beth by mistake. I’m yet to work out why this happens, and it’s definitely one of the more puzzling aspects of my new name.",
"I can only assume it comes from the confusion of using three names, which has proved to be a problem elsewhere as well. When we recently tried to set up Google Authorship for my posts on the Buffer blog, we realised that having three names brings up a bug in getting Google to recognize my posts.",
"Changing my name has made me think a lot more about what our names mean to us: how and why we choose them for our children, how we think about them and use them throughout our lives, how we associate them with our personalities. In fact, I found out recently that our names affect our lives much more than we might think.",
"Something I’ve noticed in particular is that it’s not uncommon for people (even strangers) to see my name change as offensive (especially towards my family) or unnecessary. I think the ideas of “giving up” my chosen name, that link to my family and our ancestory and any tradition that comes with the name (for instance, my middle name matched my mum’s) really seem upsetting to some people.",
"I’ve found it quite difficult to explain to people who think this way that those links don’t mean as much to me, and I don’t feel that I’m being offensive to my family or anyone else.",
"Another one in this vein is when people say they could never change their names. Again, it’s hard to explain how I feel about it to people who see this as something they just couldn’t do. For me, changing my name has made me feel quite good in terms of bucking the status quo and questioning things that we’ve taken for granted for generations (i.e. you’re stuck with the name your parents give you).",
"When I’m having a bad day and I look in the mirror, the first thing that pops into my head is my birth name. I don’t know why, and I think this is a pretty interesting phenomena—I’d love to find out if other people experience this as well. It could be related to how I think about myself relevant to my new name though: i.e. I’m the new, improved me with the new, improved name, and the past, less-improved me had the old name.",
"I also think I subconsciously relate my old name to not being in control and/or having things decided for me. Because I’m so fiercely independent, I think I’ve probably attached negative connotations to my old name because I was stuck with it—constantly correcting people on how to spell or say it, and I had no choice in the matter.",
"Interestingly, I’m less concerned about people spelling or saying my name wrong now. I like to correct them because I like my name and want to give it its due, but I don’t take it so personally when people say it wrong, (or call me Beth—though that one does puzzle me a lot). On the other hand, I think I’m more aware of other people’s names, and try harder to get them right.",
"I do take it personally now when people compliment my name, since I chose it. Another lesson I learned in empathy: I notice some people seem offended or frustrated when I compliment their names, because they didn’t choose them. Someone even said that to me once when I said his name was cool: “Well I didn’t choose it.” This reminds me that my case is unique and many others don’t feel excited and proud of their name because they chose one they like. In this case, his frustrated tone reminded me we often feel like our names are the kind of thing we can’t change.",
"I feel like my new name represents me better as who I am now. Having said that, I’m fully open to the idea that I might want to change it again someday. This whole process has made me see my name as a more transient aspect of my life, rather than a definitive description of who I am as a person.",
"Want to save an hour a day on your social media management? Buffer can help! Schedule your first post now.",
"Belle is the first Content Crafter at Buffer and co-founder of Exist. She writes about social media, startups, lifehacking and science.",
"Really interesting journey Belle. Thanks for sharing some insight into why you moved to a new name and sort of a new life. What do you think was the biggest unexpected pro and con to the whole process was?",
"* Belle\nThanks, glad you enjoyed reading it! I guess the most unexpected ‘con’ (if there is one) would be when people call me Beth, because correcting people on how to use my name was something I was trying to get away from! The most unexpected ‘pro’ is probably how many people are open to the process and interested in the story – I’m continually surprised by this!",
"My family knew an old man called Veerashoora Varaprasada Swaminatha Somasundara Jadavallabha Aiyangar. Not kidding one bit. And you complain about spelling and pronunciation?",
"* jaen\nas Sara explained I am inspired that some people able to get paid $5285 in 4 weeks on the computer. visit here",
"Hey Belle. You may find people call you Beth on accident so often because in a few other cultures, French and Italian in particular, “Belle” literally just means “Woman” or “Girl”, and is sometimes just used as a title, similar to “Lady” or “Ms.” or the like.",
"Another likely possibility is due to the nature of the pronunciation. Belle is naturally pronounced ‘down’, in terms of vocal inflection; Beth on the other hand is often pronounced ‘up’. This means in crowded situations or when speaking quickly, “Belle Beth Cooper” could very easily sound more like “L. BETH COOper”, so some could take your first name as an initial instead of “Belle”.",
"Really fascinating article. I had considered changing my name too, when I was 20ish. I started by going by a nickname for a couple years, similarly to your journey. My main impetus was separating myself from my parents, whom I was struggling with at the time, but I also liked the idea of being my own person.",
"Of course, being a bit of a joker, I chose “Cole Steele” instead of my given “Andrew Steele” or my family and friends imposed “Andy”. In the end, I didn’t go through with it, because my Dad threatened to cut me off from the family if I did. I was more than a little dependent on his financial help at the time, to help get me through college. I decided for the sake of keeping some ties to the family that I’d just ask everyone to just call me Andrew instead of Andy, to signify getting a little older and more mature. To be honest though, I still feel weird calling myself Andrew, even when others talk to me. I feel like I’m living in someone else’s name.",
"One last sidenote. A few years after I went with “just Andrew”, I met and worked with a man named “Cole Steele”. He was a bit of a pretentious jerk. 😉",
"A couple of good theories there. I definitely wondered if Belle being an adjective in French made people skip over it when reading my name. I guess I’ll never know!",
"This doesn’t apply to you I assume, but in Wales, part of the UK, a lot of people use their second name rather than their first name. Not sure why, but its pretty much a tradition.",
"* http://flippa.com/blog Ophelie Lechat\nOh yeah, as a native French speaker I totally skipped over “Belle” at first: it feels like I’m calling her “Beautiful Belle Cooper”, which, uh, is a bit weird!",
"* Belle\nI’m not surprised – that makes sense! Someone else suggested that because Beth is such a common name it’s easier to hang on to that part, even for native English speakers. That would also make sense, I think.",
"Thank you so much for sharing. I am currently on the fence about the very same thing. I use one name professionally, and my birth name legally. Do I just file a DBA or go ahead and legally change it? That’s where I am. It’s interesting that you mentioned having a bad day and seeing yourself as Corina. This is precisely why I changed my name professionally. Besides a long, multi syllabic last name, I have a lot of negative self esteem attached to my birth name, while my professional name gives me a huge confidence boost as an artist. Why? Who knows. Likely because I feel I can reinvent my own persona as someone else. Scotland is the cool, breezy artist, while Amy is the anxious, mistake-riddled underachiever. I am neither one or the other exclusively, but it feels that way mentally.",
"Anyway, thank you, thank you. It’s nice to know the are others out there who feel the same way I have.",
"* Belle\nThanks for reading, Scotland. I’m pleasantly surprised that so many people have been or are in a similar situation to me! That’s definitely a nice feeling",
"Interesting post! When I was younger I used to dream about changing my name because there is a bit of an unhappy story behind why I ended up with it. But I think I’ve reached the point where I couldn’t imagine my name as anything else. It’s cool to hear how it might have gone if I want down that road though! And Belle Beth is such a lovely name!",
"Thanks for reading! It’s definitely something I thought about a lot as a kid, too, but I’m not sure I ever realized I would actually change it some day!",
"Great post! I changed my entire name about 10 years ago because I was breaking ties with an abusive family and didn’t want to be associated with them anymore. Congrats on your new name!",
"* Belle\nThanks Sage! I’m surprised to find so many other people have gone through a similar process to me – it’s great to know that!",
"* jane starr\nWell done belle I love your new names , has to change mine due to abusive family like sage More power to us i say x",
"* Jeannine Nichols\nGood for you too. I am trying to do the same. How did you explain it to employers and friends so that they didn’t freak out, think you were crazy, or get too much 411 about the backstory?",
"* jane starr\nHi jeannine , id just gotten divorced from a abusive man and most people just assummed id taken my maiden name but since I also come from a family with an abusive father I didn’t ever want his name again so I just explained, people were nice about it , didnt ask questions really , kind of shocked if anything that id had such an abusive background But I would have explained more if theyd wanted as I think its important to let people know youve taken back some control in your life , very best wishes and Good luck to you x",
"* Avy\nWas that the reason you used when applying for a name change? If so did you have to show evidence? I really want to change my name for the same reason but I don’t know whether this will be an acceptable reason. I’m from Australia so it might be different here as well but any advice you can give would be great",
"My name is Robert John Kennedy. Try lugging that handle around with you, and try doing an internet search for yourself with that name? So I shortened it to Rob, that made it better, but, it’s still tough out there for people with difficult or unoriginal names.",
"But here’s a sneaky way of getting a new name, while retaining your old one; try spelling your name backwards, works for me. Trebor Ydennek, sound quite Baltic, I think.",
"And yes, I definitely considered my initials before going ahead with it. The initials BBC were just another vote in favor of the name I chose",
"Part of the reason you probably get called your middle name is because a lot of older citizens use their middle name as their first name. We have an employee who we have always known as Brian, however, on our latest form, he put his first name down as Desmond with Brian as his middle name. Often they share the same first name with their parents and use their middle name as a way to differentiate between them.",
"It was very interesting to read your thoughts on your name. I think everyone has had to address the issue of their name, and what it means to them, at some point.",
"When I started using social media I realized my rare Gaelic last name (Dargavel) is so difficult to spell and say that I didn’t want to use it online. I chose my middle name since I believed the combination (Tera Kristen) was uniquely mine – whereas I’ve met some other Teras before.",
"My first name, Tera, was a result of the first two letters of my Dad’s name (Terry) and the last two letters of my Mom’s name (Sandra). I always loved that story and I fully embraced my first name. As for my middle name, it was borrowed from a past friend of my mother’s and I always thought it was pretty. I feel like using my middle name as my unique identifier means that I won’t have to update my online accounts when I get married and change my last name.",
"My email signature always says “Tera Kristen” and I’m also sometimes called Kristen. Perhaps two names confuses people. I am definitely going to (casually) ask the person why they chose that name the next time it happens – I’m so curious now!",
"* Belle\nIt’s so interested that you have a similar situation, Tera! I’m definitely puzzled by that one, and I think next time I change my name I might go with just one name instead of three – like Cher or Sting",
"* http://terakristen.com/ Tera Kristen\nHaha – don’t forget about the option of using a symbol! It’s not just for ego- centric singers anymore!",
"I think this is a very interesting read. I grew up with three hard to spell names. My first name was spelled ‘wrong’ by my dad on my birth certificate so it’s a variation of the original. My middle name had an ‘e’ added to the end which is a normal spelling, but not widely used. My last name is a Scottish name that isn’t pronounced like it’s spelled at all. My first grade teacher made me cry by demanding that I was spelling my name wrong. I complained to my parents so much growing up, that one day my dad finally said, “When you’re old enough, you can change it to anything you want!” My name spelling doesn’t bother me any more, but then again, I use a fictitious name on my blog. Everyone knows how to spell Missy lol.",
"* Belle\nThanks for sharing your story, Missy! I definitely think it’s interesting to explore the different dynamics of how people use your name in-person vs. online. When you can only read a name and assume how to say it, you come across different issues than when you hear a name said out loud but you don’t know how to spell it.",
"What a huge decision. I’ve hated my name since I was little (my full first name is Elisabeth) and I’m hating it even more now that I live in the US and no one is getting it right. I did consider changing my surname, but I just can’t do it. As much as I dislike it, it’s part of my identity. And since I’m a journalist and have published stuff since 2004, I would pretty much ruin my career – and have to start a new one.",
"* Belle\nIt’s definitely a big consideration when your name is tied to your career. Luckily mine was young enough that changing my name was worth giving up the small reputation I’d started to build based on it. Unfortunately it’s not that easy for everyone – thanks for sharing your thoughts, Lisa!",
"Your name is belived by many to “vibrate” at a certain rate producing the melody that is you. When your name (which all have a numerological value) changes...vibration changes= you change.",
"You can read more about this in a book called Love Numbers and you can get a free report from this group: http://www.kabalarians.com",
"I too have a difficult to spell name, and because my culture doesn’t even understand the concept of family names, the whole idea of continuing the family name is a non-issue for me.",
"But my issue with changing names more than once is that if you want to build a brand around your identity, it probably pays to stick to one thing for most of your career as it’s hard enough to get traction with one brand as it is.",
"* Belle\nDefinitely a good point – I didn’t talk about that in the post but it was definitely a consideration for me. I’d spent around 1.5 – 2 years building a name and reputation online which I mostly had to give up when I changed my name. For me it was worth it, but there was definitely a lot of running around to be done in order to update my details all over the internet!",
"Belle Beth Cooper! I voted for that name and I love it! I feel so honored to have had a part in this and to have had you in my life. You can change your name if you choose, but it won’t change who you are. I’ll ALWAYS love you! Excellent article and I thoroughly enjoyed reading it.",
"* Belle\nThanks Aunt Pam! I’m glad you enjoyed it Definitely true – my name is part of my lifestyle, rather than who I am. I like looking at it that way!",
"Funny, I was just thinking about your name change yesterday. I have two difficult-to-spell-in-English names (and my middle name, Sandrine, is no walk in the park either), so I have adopted the fake name Sarah for situations where it really doesn’t matter (takeaway coffee, haircut appointments).",
"I’m guilty of deflecting to “oh, my parents chose it, I didn’t!” when complimented on my name. Names are just one of those things you can’t really take credit for — unless, of course, you make the courageous decision to go your own way and pick a new one. Well done, Belle!",
"* Belle\nThanks Ophelie! Choosing a name for your coffee order is a good one – that’s one of the places I tested Belle on the outside world for the first time!",
"I changed my name almost 2 years ago. Like you, I never really liked my birth name and from childhood I wanted it changed. Furthermore, I don’t honor people by their titles either. “Family” “Boss” signifies little more than the rest of society to me. I choose my current name to signify those most important in helping me develop my character for the good and bad. This was a refreshing article. Thank you.",
"This makes our Twitter discussion about your listed name there so much more interesting in hindsight. Did you have a Twitter account under your old name and have to abandon it?",
"I had a romance with the name Sean as a kid and thought I might change it one day. I also never liked my middle name “Murray”. Totally OK with my last name of “McKey” though. I just help people by saying it’s spelled like Mickey Mouse without the ‘i’. Being from Orlando, that sticks with most people and usually gets a cooperative chuckle.",
"Also, my wife chose to keep her last name and it bothered me not at all. In fact, I suggested to her that maybe we should give our kids the option of choosing their own names when they turn 12, including new last names. That would be an interesting experiment, eh?",
"* Belle\nI did, James! I think if you go to twitter.com/corinamackay you’ll find it there. I left behind about 1200 followers as well, and my body of work on the web up until that point, for the most part.",
"Definitely an interesting one with the kids – I was just discussing this with someone recently. Could be fun to see how they feel about their names if they see them as more transient and changeable!",
"Wow, definitely one of the most inspiring posts I’ve ever came across. Thank you for sharing this! And congrats to your bold and radical step. (Funny enough: I stumbled upon it while scanning my business-related blog feeds this morning.)",
"Like everyone else, I didn’t have a saying when it came to choosing my name (I couldn’t even speak by that time...). I also didn’t choose the people who gave it to me. I don’t really like my name (mostly because it is associated with a life that I left behind), and I’m not so sure about the people these days. But still it never came to my mind that simply choosing another one could be an option. This possibility just didn’t exist in my world.",
"Besides that, I like the idea that a person chooses a name that reflects this person itself, rather than simply being given a name that you didn’t choose – and maybe don’t like. (The software development guy in me now moans: “But you get all sorts of problems if you turn an identifier into a simple attribute!”. And he is right in a practical sense. Somehow...)",
"Be that as it may, you brought an idea into my thoughts that wasn’t there before. And this is something that happens very seldom...",
"Thanks for sharing your thoughts here! It’s definitely not uncommon to not even consider changing your name legally. I’m very happy to share that it’s a possibility for those that are interested",
"Hi Belle, Not quite the same, but I switched from “Liz” to “Eli” starting college and it definitely feels like a different person whose memories I have. My parents chose “Elizabeth” in large part because of the many nicknames possibilities and I appreciate that! I was also happy to retire my maiden name (Hammer) when I got married, but I am still considering legally changing my middle too!",
"In the Daoist tradition, when you undertake a new phase in life, your teacher gives you a new name. In the Jewish tradition, God did it. In the arts, you do it (mark twain).",
"One thing I will point out to you is that you are independently incapable of seeing yourself from the outside. What you believe others are seeing when they comment disapprovingly on your name change might not be the actual case.",
"The thing is, independence can be likened to selfishness, a quality disfavoured by humans even in infancy. I changed my name but long pretended I had not chosen it in order to preserve the higher-priority trait of humility that is favoured by our very genes.",
"You will also find that there are very few people beyond blood parents who will ever tell you what they are truly thinking. You are their extension beyond mortality, and nobody else will have as much of a gamble in the kind of person you eventuate to be. Because you are literately typing on the Internet during the 21st century, I’d presume that your parents, their parents and every ancestor hither back has done a fairly good job of advancing your social class.",
"At the very minimal, even as an orphan put up for adoption you owe your biological parents a deep reverence for your enjoyment of the ability to take breath, to fall in love, and to do all that it is you do. In Confucian philosophy, gratitude to one’s creators is paramount above all other virtue.",
"Individuality is a trait, it is indeed a trait. Valuable to the individual...but then we do find there are very many sad, lonely, unpretty old individuals.",
"The further thing I will mention is that you will find yourself explaining in future situations, to partners, perhaps children – that the thing they have to understand about your new name is you. You you you you you and only you. There are approximately 2 dozen distinct personality types, each with benefits and flaws. But the type you are more likely to be associated with is the more liberal, eccentric, self-prioritising type.",
"I had a really rough upbringing and terrible teen years and so when I started a fresh new life I decided I wanted a new name too. I did the same thing. Moved to a new town with my new husband and changed my first and middle name legally as well as taking his last name. It’s actually hard to hear my former name after hearing it used like a curse word so many times it just cuts through me like a knife! It does give me a lot of anxiety when I have to tell people I did it because yeah, not such a common thing and people think your weird for doing it. Well good for you, I love your new name! I also used that website someone else said kabalarians, it was really cool.",
"* http://www.celticanglicanshop.com/ celticanglican\nI totally understand, Bree, re: a name sounding like a curse word. It would be nice if people had more open minds about why people go through name changes or just what they prefer to be called. People in general seem to make too many assumptions...",
"I’ll have to agree with everyone, and say this article is very refreshing. I rememeber wanting to change my name since I was a child as well.",
"I completely changed my name too! My current forename and surname is Horatio and Caine, respectively – Horatio Caine is a character played by David Caruso in CSI: Miami. I got rid of my middle name entirely and completely changed my first and last names! Out of interest, do your family members refer to you by your old or new name? My parents refuse to call me Horatio and there’s not much I can do about it since I’m still a 17 year old student living at home. Once I’m older and financially independent, I’ll be able to issue them an ultimatum. My siblings don’t call me Horatio, but they don’t call me by my old name either – my eldest sister calls me ‘babe’ or ‘boo’ and my other sister and I call each other ‘rat’. I’m okay with those nicknames as they have no relation to my former name!",
"* Belle\nGood question, Horatio! My parents and some older friends refuse to use my new name, but I’m generally okay with that. They refuse to change for their own sakes, not mine, so that’s their choice. And some of them are slowly coming around!",
"* Horatio\nDoes it not annoy you? I hate it! My parents are the only two people who refer to me by my old name!",
"hi belle; i came across your blog when i google name change..here is my story..i grew up in an abusive home and had an unusual name that was spelled different from the norm making it even more unappealing. so as an adult when my friend told me she was changing her name, i thought..wow! can you do that? and my next thought was ..me too!.. so i changed it to cassandra shakti hart..i was starting grad school and thought that it was the perfect time to begin anew. but..my professor started calling me cassie which i hated even more than my original name, so i legally changed it again to katharine angelina love. now..years later..i am once again unhappy with my name. when i look inward i feel as if i do not have a core identity, hence i am unable to “name” myself since i..don’t exist. i am not sure if this is an existential problem or something related to my family of origin, but i am not sure now how to proceed..i have looked at name now for 10 years or so..i feel like a coke addict but using names instead..fyi..i have never tried hard drugs nor do i have a substance abuse problem but this feels unsolvable..any insights will help..thanks..katharine(for now)",
"* Belle\nThanks for sharing your story, Katharine. It’s interesting that you’ve changed your name more than once.. I can definitely see that being a possibility for myself in the future, as well.",
"Identity is a really tricky thing, and I think it’s inextricably linked to our names for most of us, but ultimately it’s a really personal journey to work out what that means for you.",
"I changed my name recently. Only a couple months ago. It was also a full change. I’ve also found some static from it from many fronts. I am very surprised that in America, where people name themselves things like “Jesus’ Hairy Balls” and other such nonsense, that a Germanic name is so frowned upon. I don’t give my name online, but I changed it to something that sounds like “Heinrich Friedrich Adelbreight Gutenburg”.",
"The names I used all came from old relatives in my family, and all had significant meaning to me. America still has people flooding in from other countries, whose names, language, culture, and religions must be accepted. So why not Germanic culture?(Note, I do not say “German”)",
"The name I chose suits me. It feels like me. I was born with very BORING, common Anglo given names. Something like “Joseph Michael”. No offense to people with those names, or ones like them. Just totally not me. My new names suit this person that has lived all over the world, been on tons of adventures, speaks 25 languages, seen places few men ever have, read manuscripts few men have laid eyes on, and payed taxes to many foreign governments",
"I admit at first glance my name looks like some mix between a Nazi war hero and some mystical Teutonic knight. But that’s part of the point. You can be proudly Germanic and not be a Nazi. It seems many people do not realize that. All my kids have similar names. And their mom is black, and from Africa. So there you go. Try calling them Nazis! lol They also have their African names as well.",
"I never told my family at all. “I’m not close to my family” means I have not talked to them in years. Adopting a new family name to spite them was also part of the point. It’s refreshing that my kids will have a NEW family to be brought up in, totally different than the one I had. A name is a powerful thing. Changing mine was the catalyst that gave me the independence I needed. I look in the mirror, and I AM a new person. The old name, as you say, conjures up negative images from the past. For me, the new name evokes and accentuates all the good in me.",
"Your blog was like therapy. Every now and then I still have doubts. I am only 2 months old after all. Sometimes I think it a bit childish. I did use this name for gaming for a while. And I’m an old gamer, with kids!(but not a total geek. I am lucky if I have time to game 3 days a week anymore). But it feels good to read your blog and your experiences. I can relate to a lot of things. It makes me feel good to hear others go through the same thing. Thank you again for sharing!",
"* Ann\nGerman does not equal nazi in any way shape or form. If anyone judges you or thinks that way, they’re living in some bizarro world. Enjoy your fresh new name!",
"* Steve\nThank you Ann. Well, Germans are stereotyped as being analytical, prone to research and an exactitude, obedience to authority, laws, and rules, being anal, punctual, logical, no sense of humor, etc.",
"Mere stereotypes. Though many, including myself are like that. And that logical, seemingly emotionless, robot-like disposition is often how they portray Nazis in film. Just look at the internet meme about “Grammar Nazi”. Somehow using correct English=being a Nazi. I guess Americans and other cultures are more relaxed about rules like grammar.",
"The point is, some stereotypes about Nazis and Germans are true. Though it is not Germans acting like Nazis. It is that Nazis were Germans! (Sadly, when you combine Nationalism with perfect organization, you get genocide).",
"Anyhow, I ramble. Thank you for your kind words and support! Another thing to note for the readers. I live in the USA now. Here, in some jurisdictions(certain States), you can mail your court order to the State Vital Records office and they will issue you a NEW Birth Certificate with your new name, send orders to the Local Civil Registrar to update your Birth Certificate, put your original one on microfilm and put it in a sealed envelope that only a Supreme Judge can order opened, and destroy the original! Wow. I really AM me now. Who I was born, is dead! That’s an amazing feeling.",
"I am also going through another process. Adult Adoption. Some jurisdictions, like mine, allow people to adopt adults. Soon my birth parents will also be eliminated forever from my Birth Certificate.",
"Just some info for anyone who lives in these jurisdictions, or is willing to move to them, even temporarily, to get it done.",
"* Shaed Greenwood\nThe idea of prescriptive grammar being “correct grammar” ignores how living languages work. Languages constantly evolve and change. Nonstandard language use is the means by which this happens.",
"I really appreciate this post. I am getting ready to change my name in the next couple of months, and I was wondering how and why other people made the decision to change their whole names. I find it an empowering thing. I really like what Bob Kim said about name changing as metamorphosis. It very much is for me.",
"Belle! I have changed my name legally – both the first and the middle. I changed it to Lily Julia from Bethanie Mary. I felt I had similar reasoning, and that my birth name did not reflect how I felt about myself. It was a lovely name, but not quite me. My mother understood, knowing that I disliked it as a child, and I also had a difficult childhood as I was often criticised for being too quite or shy, and bullied for being pretty. Anyhow, I felt my new name is more delicate but has a certain calming strength behind it. Yes, when I am having a bad day I often think about this birth-name, and still refer to it as “my name,” whenever I see it or hear somewhere. I don’t often tell people that i’ve changed it though, and was contemplating putting it in as a third name, right at the end of Lily Julia, or use Mary at the end. Just to have a piece of the old with the new, but I am quite happy with using Lily. It’s me now. I have grown into it, and no longer look like a Bethanie to people. I also work in dance, so I use another name, which is Belle, and the reason is I subconsciously respond to short names starting with “B” because being called Beth, people would confuse it with Bec or Belle.",
"I changed my name 22 years ago yesterday, Jan. 1st. Today, I woke up and I am really considering changing my name back. I changed my name for spiritual reasons. I felt that I could help change the world and that I really had something to give. My name change represented that. Today, I just accept the world and maybe accept myself. I want to change back.",
"It was a very interesting phenomena about all the ideas that went with “Cheri,” my old name. “Antara,” was new and had no preconceived ideas attached to it. It was my angel/star name. Now, I feel like I always liked my old name and I don’t know how my mother was so accepting and understanding when I changed it? It is very complicated now in all the entanglements of where my name is out there. I am in school once again and changing it there will be strange with “medical-type” students. Antara has become a name associated with what I never did or never accomplished nor lived up to. It means female warrior of the human spirit. Maybe it was too much to live up to? I just want to do what I can with what I’ve got and be less demanding of myself and others.",
"* Lady\nThis makes me very sad. You don’t seem at peace with this situation, just trying to accept it. It sounds like your spark went out or away. Maybe you were worn down in your efforts. I don’t know, but it seems tragic. It would be different if it sounded like you got what you wanted out of your name change and how you spent that part of your life, and now you’re just coming back because your work with Antara is done. But since it doesn’t sound like that’s the case, then I’d say your work there isn’t done and you will continue to hurt until you find that peaceful resolution. I hope you’re able to connect with others who can help you through these feelings. Maybe you just need to re-frame what it means to “change the world”. Plenty of people we revere today didn’t make their mark til later in life – and in other cases, after death.",
"P.S. I’m talking to myself as I write this to you. I relate to your situation and have to constantly remind myself to be patient and persist.",
"* Aria\nI changed my name 16 years ago and I also want to change it back. I am married now, with children, and my husband is confused and upset about the possibility. My thoughts are very similar to yours.",
"Absolutely loved this post! I have wanted to change my name for a few years now, as what I have at the moment came from people that I intensely dislike and have nothing to do with. The name itself also has given me infinite amounts of grief (usually misspelled, and people usually think I’m a man). My trouble is this – how do you come up with what to change it to? I like how you had Belle as a nickname from childhood, but the nicest nickname I was ever given was either sushi or sausage. Lovely. When you’ve got nothing to work with, how do you go about creating a full new name for yourself? And where do you start on surnames?!",
"This is interesting Thanks. I’ve always loved and adored my name so when I had to change it to my husband last name it was actually very upsetting to me. I would have done the whole hyphenate thing but the names sound ridiculous together I hate it and whenever I mention it to someone they can’t keep a straight face so no.",
"This is a great article. I’ve considered changing my name for a few years. My main concern is that my parents were are proud of my unique name, so they will no doubt be hurt on some level. No one says or spells any part of my name right though and I tend to flinch when people say my name, right or wrong. Strangers get annoyed or don’t care about getting it right because it’s so difficult to spell/say. It tends to wear on your self worth. I think I need a fresh start and this article is was step in finding the guts to do it.",
"* Adriana\nI found a way around that. Make your current name your middle name and then you can pick whatever you want as your first name. When people ask you just say “oh that’s my middle name but I don’t use it anymore”. and I agree with the strangers not caring about pronouncing it! The same thing happens to me.",
"My husband and I have recently started talking about changing both our names, including our last names. Neither of us are close to my family or his. We are not having children. I wonder how hard that would be.",
"Hi Belle! Awesome article. I legally changed my name too, senior year of college. Growing up I was one of several Sarah Elizabeths in almost every class. Having been reduced to “Sarah C” multiple times, I finally had enough and changed it to Sarahbeth. Only I didn’t realize how difficult it would be to have two first names as one name, so within a year of changing it, I started going by Beth exclusively. It suits me better, I think: Little Women is one of my favorite books, and Beth strikes me as a book-nerdy name anyway, which definitely describes me Now I only use Sarahbeth for publishing.",
"Hi Belle, I just came across your article and I love it! It’s informative and inspirational. I am in the process of doing a full legal name change and I am wondering if you ever had any issues with coworkers/employers handling your name change? I almost feel like to fully start over maybe I should just move to another City, but we just cant do that and I don’t know why but I have all this anxiety built up over how my work will handle this. I know this is what I want to do, and the people I care about are 100% supportive but I cant stop worrying about what they will say or how they will react. Any suggestions or things you have heard on how to stop worrying about what they think?",
"I changed my name as well and am now going to change my last name. I had only changed my first name before. After really thinking about it- I would not want to carry the last name of my absentee father and am instead choosing a last name that is short, unique and geared more towards my children’s ancestry instead of my own. I’m excited about it and can’t wait! Most peoe don’t understand but t the end it’s about me and what makes me happy. The only thing I have found frustrating is when I come across the people whom do not want to call me by my new name bc they’re used to my old one. Honestly I see that as disrespectful to me. How do you handle situations such as those?",
"* Jezreal Blue Raven\nHello yes I understand completely where you’re coming from, what I say unto the ones who disrespect me exceptions for my mum and dad by using my old birth name; I would and have on many occasions simply and totally ignored those people without a response as though I never heard them. Or I would simply ask them whom is this person?? And that I dont know the person whos name that they called me by. Eventually they will learn that they are to remain as complete strangers until they speak my name which is different from what I use here or online. I’ll conclude that my whole world changed for the better with my new name. My name has my whole destiny written inside it and I dont have to try and live up to the meaning of my name. Everything unfolds with a great sense of joy, peace, purpose, reason, destiny, meaning and fulfilment. Thank you Belle Beth Cooper for this blog",
"I’m in my 40’s & I just completed the process of changing only my first name. I found out yesterday judge granted my request. My only living parent now is my mom. When I told her she became VERY angry. I changed my name due to the fact it has created lots of racial arguments through the years. My father was black & white and my mother is mexican. My sister was given a normal, american name. I was given a hispanic birth name. We were not raised to speak spanish, nor with hispanic cultural ways. Through the years people would hear my name & automatically assume I spoke spanish. When I replied no people were shocked. Ignorance. Mainly I found hispanic people were actually angered that my mother had not taught us spanish. Why? I was born in the U.S. I got tired of this so I chose a 1st name I felt reflected me. I actually get mistaken for East Indian or Middle Eastern. From this I chose my name. I am VERY comfortable with my decision despite friends & family questioning my decision after so many years. THANK YOU for your post. I’m glad I read it. I am not alone.",
"once I thought change my name Jesus, by other that sound it more important, maybe like an actor’s name. But that was before eighteen, after that, gradually, I was taking in serious my name.",
"Hi Belle! I’ve read this blog for inspiration a couple times. I’m waiting to go forth and change my first name. Just a bit chicken to tell the hub :)) I know it’s a bit late in life but I’ve been considering this for a couple years and am already using the first name in various circles. I’ve chosen a name that suits who I really am and wish to move on from the name that seems to hold me back and has some negativity attached. Thank you for sharing your experience. Many Blessings to you.",
"wow..this helped me a lot. I want to change my full name, but I wasn’t sure what my family would say. and I was thinking is it wrong that I want to change my name? But reading this made realize that there’s nothing wrong. Either way i’m the outcast of my family, so yeah. thanks for the blog. 😀",
"Wonderfully inspiring blog post, thank you so much. I am considering changing my name... scratch that, after reading this I have decided on changing my name... I will be changing my first and second name but not my surname as I have my husband’s surname and I like it. My name is Tamzen Demelza, I hate it and whilst when I think about it I feel it probably represents me (it’s abnormal, bizarre, often misunderstood) it doesn’t represent the person I want to be. I feel that changing my name will represent my rebirth as a person, and taking ownership of myself back from my abusers.",
"It’s called a “stage name”, a lot of theatre people have one. But of course not every Australian (or where you live) would go by a stage name.",
"Great article. I’m desperately trying to figure out what to change mine to, 5 months after finally deciding to call it a day with my abusive family. My parents preferred a son, not a daughter, my mum said she wanted to name me Alice but my dad decided it was ‘too girly’ ??? so AliSON was decided probably to make up for the son they didn’t have. It sounds so harsh with my surname and people are always pronouncing it ‘Alahson’ which grates on me, not to mention the variety of spelling versions I have to deal with. My dad called me Al like as if I was a middle-aged man. I was ridiculed by them for being artistic and sensitive, too soft.. they were always trying to get me to toughen up. I want a name that allows me to be myself and to feel feminine!! My mum’s original thought of Alice or maybe ‘Aliss’ suits my personality better, and would have been preferable since it sounds softer, but I don’t know if I really like it.",
"I have always liked the name Rachel, that was what I called my doll as a child even though I knew no-one with that name, once I asked myself what my real name is and my innerself seemed to whisper ‘Ray-chel’...but then again I may just be schizophrenic.",
"Brilliantly written Belle, very positive. My mother was going to call me Django till my father stepped in at the last minute.. thinking I would take a fair bit of stick growing up, plumping for a far safer and non-gender specific ‘Ashley’. To be honest the school I went to was pretty rough, so he might have had a point, even so.. think I could of ridden the wave of abuse to the proverbial shore with my trunks intact.",
"I’m 29 now and have made my mind up to go with that original maternal instinct, I think my 30’s will be better for it, was v helpful to hear about your thoughts and experiences can tell you have a lot of heart so that name is pretty apt.",
"I’ve been toying with changing my last name for years–I need some separation from my family. I love them, but I don’t feel tied to them enough to want to carry on their name. I’ve considered options that include my name or part of it within it out of respect, but my friends whom I’ve trusted with this knowledge seem to just say they “sound really made up.” But I don’t want to take someone else’s name, I just don’t want this one. I thought asking my friends advice would make me more sure of myself, not more conflicted. I’m worried about how my other friends/family would take the change.",
"when I was young I was always messing around with names, I bought name dictionaries and played around with what I thought my kids would be named. for 5 years one name stuck like glue and wouldn’t go away. To me it was the perfect name. Then I got cancer and couldn’t have kids. I thought about using some of my names on pets but it hit me one day, this name is MY name. I use it online and It is a part of me. When a couple friends heard about this they tried to use it but it felt weird. It is almost like it is my secret, the best me that is inside of the mess that is the me with my birth name, if that makes sense. One day I will make it my middle name so anyone that meets me in the future will know me by the new name (Adelissa)",
"* Kate Finch\nYour comment really touched me. One of the beautiful names I picked out for a child I will never have biologically (as I recently found out I can no longer have children either though for different reasons) I’ve been contemplating the idea of using the name for myself as I have wanted to change my name for a very long time now. I am sorry for your loss–but congratulations on being a cancer survivor! I think your new name is a beautiful tribute to the child you didn’t get to have and a way of keeping that idea/energy alive in yourself. Perhaps if you adopt someday if (that is something that you desire) you can still use your new name, as your future child’s name too. The name on this post is one of my online aliases. All the best. Kate",
"Hello! My name is Sage, and I’m only 16, but I’ve been contemplating a name change when I’m older for about a year now. I already go by my middle name, Jennifer, as much as possible for a couple reasons. 1) there is no nickname for ‘Sage” that i’ve heard besides “sagie” which I hate, but i do love Jennifer or the shortened “Jenny”. 2) Sage is becoming a very popular name, which I dislike quite a bit, as I take much pride in individuality. I hate hearing my name in restaurants all the time and turning around to see some dumb little kid running to their parent(not the kids fault, i know, but until about two years ago I had never heard of another person names Sage. 3) I think it’s just a bit boring and does not represent me as a person. I’m not wise and I’m certainly not a furry plant. It’s a beautiful name but it just doesn’t fit. I like my middle and last name okay, but the last name is very... blunt? I’d probably keep the surname if I were to change my name, but might look into alternate spellings, which there are many of for the name Donaldson. I love the name and the Scottish ancestry tied to it, but the current spelling just reminds me of Donald Duck. I can’t even imagine wading through the millions of names in the world to find one that fits me though! How did you ever manage it? And was it massively expencive to change your name? Thank you, sorry for writing so much, and congrats on your new name! I enjoyed reading your story quite a bit!",
"Thank you so much Beth, I loved reading. Fantastic and a bit scary becasue I’m totally with you on it but I’ve yet to do it! nice one...comment below from bob Kim also lovely",
"If someone asks about your past, what do you say? Are you open about the former name? The reasons why, I changed my name originally started with feelings of anger at my father. I changed my name to disassociate myself and start a new life apart from the harm he had caused our family. Since then my anger has subsided and talking about my past is like a minefield. I like to speak the truth and have a hard time lying. During a conversation I try to stay away from the subject of names, but once in a while it comes up and I’m compelled to tell the truth. I have lied about it from time to time and feel extremely guilty afterwards. Feelings of guilt are worse then telling the truth. I lied about it today and still thinking about it. The reasons of my embarrassment is justified when listeners show signs of disgust in their body language and may express is more directly, when I tell the truth. I feel that when I lie that I’m not true to myself. Can you help me try to see reason to continue with telling the truth, rather than covering up my past. What is done is done. I am who I am and can’t turn back. Creating new relationships is harder with a name change, because it is rare and is seen as a transgression of family heritage by a lot of people. Most people are not open to the idea. I don’t regret the name change and would do it again, but I only wish it would be easier to deal with when confronted with the topic. BBC or anyone else, let me know what you think or feel about this topic.",
"I am thinking of simply adding my mother’s maiden name to the end of my name. I already have her first name as my middle name. She passed away a few years ago and her maiden name (the best side of my family) is getting lost through the passage of time. I think it’s time to bring it back. So I’m not changing so much as augmenting. lol",
"Nicely written. I go by the nickname that I took in my teens because I’d gotten to a point where my first name irritates me due to personal reasons. It seems like getting people to understand that you want to be called whichever because you don’t want to be called whatever anymore can be the hardest part.",
"I legally changed my name at 41. I was born in the 1970’s and my parents named something I deem outlandish, no not Rainbow or Clover but something that stuck out and was difficult to pronounce which became tiring.",
"I’ve always been a quiet girl, not someone who likes to draw attention to themselves, shy and a dreamer. I just knew I had to do something about my name which was a constant source of aggravation to me. I decided to rename myself to something traditional and unassuming. Something that didn’t draw attention to myself everywhere I went. I’m happy with my new name and even feel better received by other people with it. People are friendlier and I don’t feel like I’m being treated like some kind of oddity as I did with my old name.",
"In most states in the US it can make be quite challenging to change your name, you have to jump through a bunch of hoops and costly legal procedures compared to the UK or maybe elsewhere. This is one thing I don’t understand when your social stays the same. Unfortunately due to this, is the reason why it took me as long as it did to change my name.",
"I have to say, If you hate your name change it and who cares what people think, it’s your life and you’re the one who has to live every day of your life with a name that you feel is unsuitable for you, they don’t.",
"* T\nYou can change your name on your social security documents. http://www.ssa.gov/online/ss-5.pdf — you just need your name change documents. I did it recently. For those wondering, you can do it in this order — name change order from court (which includes new birth certificate) — SS card change (I had to go to the place in person to attest that i wasn’t changing it to get out of legal obligations or anything fraudulent) — new ID (needed to present name change document, birth certificate, and SS card)",
"I changed my name too. I regret that I didnt changed it earlier in my life. I always disliked my birthname. Ann-Christine. The name was too long and didnt fit me. Now after 40 years I changed it to Desirée. I was never ever comfortable with the other name.",
"* lea\nwell the subject is in fact about namechange.... why do you read it when it obviously doesnt interest you ????????",
"Wow I am so glad I found your blog post. I’m 25 years old and since I was 19 I have wanted to change mine. Legally my name is Veronica and while it’s nice at the same time I’ve always felt disassociated from it. People know me as Ronnie and like you said in your piece- it doesn’t make sense for the legal name not to match up with what you’re called. I barely brought it up to my mom last night and she was a bit hurt by it because it is the name she and my dad gave me. Though I’m an adult how is it that I can explain it to them? I know nothing I say will make them understand but this is my current dilema. I have the forms I need to sign. Hoping to get it done after graduation.",
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"I have a question. How do you explain this sort of thing to family/your parents? I’m 25 and have contemplated a name change since I was 19 so it’s not something I’ve thought of lightly and I never brought it up to them because I wanted to be sure myself. Now that I am I’m having a difficult time with my parents. My mom blamed herself and said we should have gone to church more. I guess with growing up in a good family I don’t know how to make them understand why I want to change it even though I know my reasons and I’ve written it down and said it in my head over a hundred times. Any advice would be great. Thanks.",
"* Marvin\nNot sure if it helps but I changed my middle and family names and feel better already. My young teenage kids are not happy with the change but they could do whatever they want when they grow up. Just one thing. Make sure that your new name is what you really want cause you don’t want to change it again.",
"* http://ronnieroswell.tumblr.com Ronnie Roswell\nThanks. It’s difficult because I am 25 years old and my parents are alive and they’re truly the best but I’m walking that fine line. My dad has all ready told me that he’s not willing to change the important things such as the names on their wills, car insurance, etc. My mom is upset as it is over the fact that I put the name Ronnie on my grad. announcements instead of Veronica. Veronica just doesn’t suit my personality and who I am. I feel like two different people- to which I can’t admit to because then my dad and mom would think I’m crazy.",
"* Lisa\nYou can change your first name to your middle name and then choose the name you want. That way you aren’t losing the name they gave, you’re just adding another one. Also if they still call you by your current name, you can tell people it’s your middle name and you only your family uses it. I can relate my mother didn’t want me to change my name since it was a name she really liked. She still calls me my old name but she was ok with the middle name compromise.",
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"My Name is Mr James smith .I will love to share my testimony to all the people in the forum cos i never thought i will have my girlfriend back and she means so much to me..The girl i want to get marry to left me 4 weeks to our weeding for another man..,When i called her she never picked my calls,She deleted me on her Facebook and she changed her Facebook status from married to Single...when i went to her place of work she told her boss she never want to see me..i lost my job as a result of this cos i cant get myself anymore,my life was upside down and everything did not go smooth with my life...I tried all i could do to have her back to all did not work out until i met a Man when i Travel to Africa to execute some business have been developing some years back..I told him my problem and all have passed through in getting her back and how i lost my job...he told me he gonna help me...i don’t believe that in the first place.but he swore he will help me out and he told me the reason why my girlfriend left me and also told me some hidden secrets.i was amazed when i heard that from him..he said he will cast a spell for me and i will see the results in the next couple of days..then i travel back to US the following day and i called him when i got home and he said he’s busy casting those spells and he has bought all the materials needed for the spells,he said am gonna see positive results in the next 2 days that is Thursday...My girlfriend called me at exactly 12:35pm on Thursday and apologies for all she had done ..she said,she never knew what she’s doing and her sudden behavior was not intentional and she promised not to do that again.it was like am dreaming when i heard that from her and when we ended the call,i called the man and told him my wife called and he said i haven’t seen anything yet... he said i will also get my job back in 2 days time..and when its Sunday,they called me at my place of work that i should resume working on Monday and they gonna compensate me for the time limit have spent at home without working..My life is back into shape,i have my girlfriend back and we are happily married now with kids and i have my job back too,This man is really powerful..if we have up to 20 people like him in the world,the world would have been a better place..he has also helped many of my friends to solve many problems and they are all happy now..Am posting this to the forum for anybody that is interested in meeting the man for help.you can mail him on this e-mail; airemokhaspellcaster@gmail.com i cant give out his number cos he told me he don’t want to be disturbed by many people across the world..he said his email is okay and he’ will replied to any emails asap..hope he helped u out too..good luck his email;airemokhaspellcaster@gmail.com",
"I accept 100% your right to change your name. Saying that though I do think it interesting to say ” Again, it’s hard to explain how I feel about it to people who see this as something they just couldn’t do.” because if you think about it those are the people you will always have to explain too. I also do see it as a disregarding of your history and a bit of a FU to your family. But like I said you have a right to do that. My father changed/shortened our last name and I wish I had the old one back.",
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"I greatly enjoyed reading your blog post. I’m another one of those who decided, at the age of 26, to legally change my name, and it was interesting to hear another story of someone who changed theirs simply for personal reasons.",
"I hated my last name, Pompeo, ever since I was a child. I thought it sounded horrible, and so did my own mother, but out of respect to her husband, she didn’t keep her maiden name. I was ridiculed in school many times because of it as a child, and ever since I was a little boy, I told people I would change my name. They used to make a joke out of it, saying, “oh, really? you mean when you’re 18 you’ll go to court?” (My child’s mind was like, “tennis court? badminton court?” I had no clue, naturally.) When I became old enough, however, I did research the legal process, and found that in my home state of New York, it’s not that difficult, so long as you’re willing to sweat out a little red tape.",
"I chose the last name Crespo. I met somebody what that name three years ago, and I absolutely fell in love with it. It was so perfect. I felt like it fit me more than any other name ever would. I asked a good friend of mine, a lifelong friend, to be brutally honest about what he thought of the idea. He said that he, personally, actually liked Pompeo better, and felt that I shouldn’t run to the courthouse all on a sudden whim. He told me to give it 6 months, and if then I still felt the same way, by all means go ahead and do it. Sure enough, 6 months later, I only wanted to be a Crespo even more.",
"I am Catholic, and when I received Confirmation at the age of 12, my mother insisted I choose “Anthony” as my Confirmation name, in honor of my grandfather who died while she was pregnant with me. My mother loved and respected her father so much that she chose Anthony as my middle name as well. I didn’t like having the “double Anthony”, and not by choice, so I chose to change my middle name to Simon. I loved it as a first name, and it reminds me of my favorite singer and entertainer of all-time, Paul Simon. So my confirmation name is still Anthony, in my grandfather’s honor; that’s something that can’t be changed.",
"I liked my first name, Steven, after my father. However, my mother didn’t want me to be a “junior”, so she spelled my name differently from my father’s, Stephen. I decided to change my own name to my father’s spelling, so that he wouldn’t be able to say I was throwing him under the bus by ditching his family name. I thought keeping my first name (which my parents chose, and in my father’s spelling), and my Confirmation name (which my mother chose), and getting rid of my last name (which my parents didn’t choose) would keep them from taking it personal and seeing it as an act of rebellion. Really, the names they picked stayed with me!",
"Oh my God, I’m so glad to tell everyone the real thing that happen to me...My name is EMILIANO BABARAH. If i refuse to share this testimony it means i am selfish to my self and to people i love so much whom might have similar problems, March 16th about something 7:23pm after taken our dinner my husband got crazy started calling a lady name Melisa I love you, i was so mad and started crying like a baby...then my husband left home for the idiot called Melisa, and never return back home then i believed when he uthen nderstand his self he will surly come back to apology, but instead he left me So i complained to my friend she told me she was having such problems in her marriage until she was introduce to DR ORIOMON who specializes in bringing back broken homes and broken marriages DR ORIOMON cast a spell for me in May 4th surprisingly my husband came home May 6th apologizing that i should forgive him that it will never happen again, i was so glad and gave the thanks to DR ORIOMON who save my marriage, if you are having similar problem you can contact him and His email address is (oriomonspiritualtemple@yahoo.com) you can still save your marriage if u really love your husband.",
"It is truly a nice and helpful piece of information you just shared this useful information with us. Thank you. unsecured loans bad credit",
"Hello, I am from the Philippines and I’d like to change my name wholly. It is, however, not allowed in our country unless it is a clerical error like an obvious misspell. If I legally change my name to where you did it, would it matter if I was a foreigner?",
"My Name is melissa lopez i have a testimony to say; I have been married for five years without any child, nor pregnancy and so i became very sad and lost hope in life because my doctor told me there is no way for me to get pregnant and this really make life so hard for me and this made my husband to turn away from me. My sister in-law told me about DR EKPEN from the Internet, how he has helped people with this similar problem that i am going through so i contacted him and explained to him. He told me not to worry and that everything we soon be okay. He cast a spell and it was a miracle, to my greatest surprise three days later my husband came back to apologize for all he has done and told me he is fully ready to support me in any thing i want,few months later i got pregnant and gave birth to twins (girls) we are now a happy family. Thanks to DR EKPEN for saving my relationship and for also helping others too. continue your good work, If you are interested to contact DR EKPEN for your solution now EMAIL him at ( ekpenlovetemple@gmail.com) for any help you want him to do for you. Thank you Great DR. once again and may your gods reward you for your good deeds. ekpenlovetemple@gmail.com",
"I have an idea of why people call you Beth. Beth is normally a nickname or shortened version of Elizabeth. It’s rarely on it’s own, so as middle names are usually not shortened, maybe people accidentally see it as a part of your first name- such as Maryann/Mary Ann or Peggy Sue, Mary Pat... just a thought. I’m going to change my name- or probably just my last. I dislike my last name and want to change it for many reasons. I might make my first the long version (It is Lisa, so I might make it Elizabeth and still use Lisa). It was interesting hearing your experiences. The last name is a nearly impossible choice. I want something whimsical, that sounds English, 2-4 syllables and unique. That’s a nearly endless list of choices! So it’s taking me a long time. I only want to change it once.... plus it’s $500 here.",
"Did your parents leave you out of their ‘will’ for disinheriting their name? I think I would. My daughter has just changed her last name and I’m currently gutted. By pure coincidence, my last name is McKay. lol",
"Thank you so much for this blog! I am undergoing changing only my last name to a new one as I am about to be divorced and i never liked my maiden name. At first I tried to discuss it and bounce ideas off friends but most of them don’t understand why it’s so significant for me to be able to choose my own name :-/ most of them keep telling me to either leave it alone or change it back to my maiden name. the ones who say to keep my married name have said that it’s because i need to keep the same name as my children but i don’t believe in this day and age it’s that important. ah well. again thank you so much for this blog. although it has tripped me out a little bit because i swear my old preschool teacher mr mackay had a daughter with your name lol! signing off with my soon to be new name!",
"My name is Ireland. And i absolutely hate it. Who names someone after a country? I really want to change it, but it just seems weird...",
"Hello, I’ve already read this before but then i just had the courage to wrote here i dont really like my real name that if someone would call me with that I got irritated in short it was like i was in hell at school.. I think it really affects me As wen i grow old and I was on the stage of changing it legally but its a tiring process and if I sit it there all they can change is my name in birth cert. and my other documents i still have to work for it ..so I was thinking that if I’ve already change my birth cert name different name wid my other papers I have to explain it all over that it just torture me to death and just complicate my life more..now I’m losing hope that i can change it and plus I feel guilty when some one ask me or how to explain to my family and relatives",
"Thanks for posting this, it’s really nice to know other people out there are considering doing this (or in your case, have already done it!). I’ve lived my entire life LOATHING the sound of my name. I don’t have a clue why, but my skin actually crawls when people say my name. Since I was very young I dreamed of changing my name, but the fear of being criticized for wanting a change like that has kept me from doing it. How can you possible explain “I absolutely hate my name and don’t know why”. No one (even myself!) would understand. I was so happy when I changed my last name when I got married. However, I’m divorced now, so I no longer care for that name, and I never cared for my maiden name, so perhaps its time to simply start from scratch! Sorry to go on and on, but I just now saw this post and had to comment. I hope you are enjoying your life with your new name!",
"My husband has abandon me and the kids for the the past 8months now, and refuse to come back because he was hold on by a woman whom he just met, for that, my self and the kids has been suffering and it has been heel of a struggle, but I decide to do all means to make sure that my family come together as it use to, then I went online there I saw so many good talk about this spell caster whose email is LAVENDERLOVESPELL@YAHOO.com so I had to contact him and in just 4days as he has promised, my husband came home and his behavior was back to the man I got married to.I cant thank the spell caster enough what what he did for me, I am so grateful. I even spoke to the spell caster over the phone, to confirm his existence. His email again is: LAVENDERLOVESPELL@YAHOO.com",
"I want to change my name but I’m still a minor, my parents said if I change it then they won’t help pay for college. My name is hard to pronounce we live in a southern state so people pronounce it Lilly-Ann instead of lil-e-un and the spelling of my name is awful. Lillyan Alleece blech",
"* Rachel Rowe\nOMG I feel for you. Those are weird spellings. Maybe stick it out if they are going to be that petty then change it as soon as you’ve graduated as a graduation present to yourself!!",
"I ordered your break them up and return my lover spell last week and I just wanted to drop you a quick email to let you know it worked! I’m so happy that Marvin and I are back in one another’s lives and Samantha is out of the picture...finally! Your spell work and attention to my situation are both equally amazing. I can’t thank you enough for all your hard efforts. Thanks again: Re_unifyexlove@outlook.com",
"I found your article when I Googled “Why do you hate your name” trying to find the physiology behind it. — I’ve wanted a different name since I can remember. At school when filling out the name section on papers, I always prayed for a different name. It just doesn’t represent or fit who I am. Like you I have no attachment to the name & have an uncommon relationship with my family.",
"I’ve dropped my last name from being used. My friends all know me by my first & middle, but I even feel that is not who I am.",
"Then after reading the book Freakanomics; I also found out my name is the #1 name for low income/low educated parents. I’ve spent my life thus far trying to overcome & rise above my parents, who held me back & sheltered me my entire life. I’ve since done things that they told me I could never do. I love them as people & wouldn’t be changing my name to prove anything to them, but to again rise above the ashes & take in the life I have created for myself.",
"Like Bob Kim mentioned on here, “in the arts you do it (mark twain) changing your name is marking an epoch making metamorphosis.”",
"Great Thanks to Dr ehicare for helping me when i needed help. My name is Rose Dickson from Canada I never believe in love spells until I experience Dr. DR ehicare temple, and after he cast a love spell for me",
"my Ex called me to apologize for the pain that he has caused me and till today we are living a happy family, if you need a right place to solve your problems contact DR ehicarespelltemple@gmail.com is the right choice. he is a great man that have been casting spells with years of experience, he cast spells for different purposes like: (1)If you want your ex back. (2) if you always have bad dreams. (3)You want to be promoted in your office. (4)You want women/ men to run after you.",
"(5)If you want a child. (6)[You want to be rich. (7)You want to tie your husband/wife to be yours forever.",
"My name is tucker stacey.This is a very joyful day of my life because of the help Dr.Trust has rendered to me by helping me get my ex husband back with his magic and love spell. i was married for 6 years and it was so terrible because my husband was really cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce but when i came across Dr.Trust email on the internet on how he help so many people to get thier ex back and help fixing relationship.and make people to be happy in their relationship. i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but to my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case and here i am now celebrating because my Husband has change totally for good. He always want to be by me and can not do anything without my present. i am really enjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on the internet because Dr.Trust is truly a real spell caster. DO YOU NEED HELP THEN CONTACT DOCTOR TRUST NOW VIA EMAIL: Ultimatespellcast@yahoo.com or call +2348156885231 or ultimatespellcast@gmail.com. He is the only answer to your problem and make you feel happy in your relationship",
"My name is tucker stacey.This is a very joyful day of my life because of the help Dr.Trust has rendered to me by helping me get my ex husband back with his magic and love spell. i was married for 6 years and it was so terrible because my husband was really cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce but when i came across Dr.Trust email on the internet on how he help so many people to get thier ex back and help fixing relationship.and make people to be happy in their relationship. i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but to my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case and here i am now celebrating because my Husband has change totally for good. He always want to be by me and can not do anything without my present. i am really enjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on the internet because Dr.Trust is truly a real spell caster. DO YOU NEED HELP THEN CONTACT DOCTOR TRUST NOW VIA EMAIL: Ultimatespellcast@yahoo.com or call +2348156885231 or ultimatespellcast@gmail.com. He is the only answer to your problem and make you feel happy in your relationship. .",
"My name is tucker stacey.This is a very joyful day of my life because of the help Dr.Trust has rendered to me by helping me get my ex husband back with his magic and love spell. i was married for 6 years and it was so terrible because my husband was really cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce but when i came across Dr.Trust email on the internet on how he help so many people to get thier ex back and help fixing relationship.and make people to be happy in their relationship. i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but to my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case and here i am now celebrating because my Husband has change totally for good. He always want to be by me and can not do anything without my present. i am really enjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on the internet because Dr.Trust is truly a real spell caster. DO YOU NEED HELP THEN CONTACT DOCTOR TRUST NOW VIA EMAIL: Ultimatespellcast@yahoo.com or call +2348156885231 or ultimatespellcast@gmail.com. He is the only answer to your problem and make you feel happy in your relationship. ....",
"My name is Jones Nicole from Illinois in USA. Am here to testify of a great and powerful spell caster named DR KALA of kalalovespell@gmail.com I was so confused and devastated when my boy friend left me for another girl. I needed him back desperately because i loved him so much. So i contacted this great spell caster for a help. He helped me cast a return love spell on him and just within 2 days my boyfriend came back to me crying and begging for my forgiveness. I want to recommend this great spell caster to anyone that truly needs an urgent solution to a love break up. Simply contact the great DR KALA via email: KALALOVESPELL@GMAIL.COM",
"After being in relationship with my husband for nine years,he broke up with me, I did everything possible to bring him back but all was in vain, I wanted him back so much because of the love I have for him, I begged him with everything, I made promises but he refused. I explained my problem to someone online and she suggested that I should rather contact a spell caster that could help me cast a spell to bring him back but I am the type that never believed in spell, I had no choice than to try it, I mailed the spell caster, and he told me there was no problem that everything will be okay before three days, that my ex will return to me before three days, he cast the spell and surprisingly in the second day, it was around 4pm. My ex called me, I was so surprised, I answered the call and all he said was that he was so sorry for everything that happened, that he wanted me to return to him, that he loves me so much. I was so happy and went to him, that was how we started living together happily again. Since then, I have made promise that anybody I know that have a relationship problem, I would be of help to such person by referring him or her to the only real and powerful spell caster who helped me with my own problem and who is different from all the fake ones out there. Anybody could need the help of the spell caster, his email is (LAVENDERLOVESPELL@YAHOO.COM } tel.+2347053977842) you can email him if you need his assistance in your relationship or anything.",
"I have just recently filled out the paper work for changing my middle name. My parents tried to get fancy and give me a made up French middle name and came up with LeAnne. It’s supposed to be pronounced Ley-ahn but being an American every single time its pronounced Lee-Ann...you know cause it’s spelled that way. I’ve told my parents on many occasion how horrible a name it is.",
"I almost never spell out my full middle name on documents unless specified and I cringe every time I hear it “Lee-ANNE”.",
"I am going to mail my petition to the court to have it changed to Laila. It’s soft and youthful like me!",
"I want to appreciation to Dr.Kasee of ONIMALOVESPELL@GMAIL.COM for bringing back my husband who left me and the kids for almost 2 years. i never taught i would get him back untill i saw a comment online about dr.agbazara and i contacted him, after following all instruction given to me by Dr.Kasee, my husband came back begging for forgiveness within the space of 48hours. Thanks doctor your spell is really great. For those of you who have marriage/relationship problem should contacct him for hel via onimalovespell@gmail.com . And experience it your self.",
"hello my name is Alice Tugas from Canada i want you all to join me to thank this man for restoring my relationship with my ex lover who dump me for another girl for 5 months, at first i never believed Dr Abulu will be able to help me win Emerson back from this other girl but because i still love him and need him in my life i work and follow his instruction and it surprise me that after working with he Emerson called me and ask me to forgive and forget the past that he still love me and that was how me and my man came back for good and we are planing our wedding by November so with this great work done for me by DR ABULU of abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com i promise to always share his good work to the whole wide world and if any body is out there passing through any relationship difficulties should kindly contact him via email;abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com website;abuluspiritualtemple.webs.com",
"hello my name is Alice Tugas from Canada i want you all to join me to thank this man for restoring my relationship with my ex lover who dump me for another girl for 5 months, at first i never believed Dr Abulu will be able to help me win Emerson back from this other girl but because i still love him and need him in my life i work and follow his instruction and it surprise me that after working with he Emerson called me and ask me to forgive and forget the past that he still love me and that was how me and my man came back for good and we are planing our wedding by November so with this great work done for me by DR ABULU of abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com i promise to always share his good work to the whole wide world and if any body is out there passing through any relationship difficulties should kindly contact him via email;abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com website;abuluspiritualtemple.webs.com",
"Sorry to say, but I want to be as honest as I can be . I do not like the name you changed to one bit. It does not roll off the tongue like your original name does. It seems you were more interested in being “cute” or “witty” than you were in whether or not your parents would be hurt by this. This kind of attitude will leave a trail of hurt feelings all over the place. Not just that you changed your name, but that you want so much to be “different” and “unique” that other peoples feelings don’t matter. If you had been abused in some way or your family had been so dysfunctional that for your own sanity you needed to change your name and association with them, that would be one thing. We have families for a reason. I don’t hang around with all of my family all the time but I love them dearly, all of them. Even if I don’t love their personality, I still love them, because they are family. Maybe you need some help to understand why you think you are too good for your own family. This is not natural.",
"* Rachel Rowe\nWhat an insulting and ignorant post – particularly the ending. Many cultures thoroughout history have seen people take on a new name when they went through some kind of spiritual change. It is covered in the Bible, native American tradition and modern Europe – the famous German spiritual teacher Eckhart Tolle changed his first name aged 29 after deciding to focus on a spiritual rather than an intellectual way of life. It is often nothing to do with family and in her respect I suspect it definitely isn’t; she is just trying to find herself and frankly good luck to her!!",
"Why is it that people like DR EZIZA that are genuine are hard to find. After i have searching for help for almost all the corner of this life concerning my marriage and all to no avail it was Dr EZIZA that finally helped me out,he wiped away all the agony i was going through with my lover and stop the divorce he was planning. Any one out there who beleives all is over in his/her marriage contact DR EZIZA on ezizaoguntemple@gmail.com or +2348058176289 and join those that are happy through his handwork.",
"Belle is nice. I do think however that just ‘Beth Cooper’ seems to suit your face particularly well; I would probably call you ‘Beth’ if I were to know you in person as well. I am in the process of changing my surname to ‘Wild’ as my father who gave me the surname Rowe has never wanted me and his father never wanted him either – so he in turn rejected me I guess...for a long time I was sad but now I feel like I am wild and free to be who I want. ”Rowe’ is often mispelled as ‘Roe’ and I am ignored when I protest; maybe I would be willing to keep doing it if a man who loved me had given it to me but my father has no love for me only resentment it seems..,",
"Also ‘Wild’ is a traditional name given to people in Britain who were orphans who had no clear patronage or family so I only following tradition! At the same time I am going to change my first name – see my comment 4 months ago titled ‘no idea’. God Bless xxx",
"More social media results in less time: It's possible with Buffer! Share content from anywhere online, manage multiple accounts, collaborate with team members, and see which posts perform best."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Why I Changed My Name and What It Taught Me About Who I Am - The Buffer Blog\n\nSocial\n\nThoughts on sharing, creating, analyzing and converting with social media.\n\nSave time on social media with Buffer. Schedule your first post now!\n\n# Why I Changed My Name and What It Taught Me About Who I Am\n\nBy Belle Beth Cooper September 9, 2013 149 Comments\n\nIf you take a look at my bio here on the Buffer blog, my Twitter account or my\nwebsite, you’ll see that my name is Belle Beth Cooper. That’s been my name for\nabout eight months. Prior to that it was Corina Mackay. Corina Mary Mackay, in\nfact, since about ten days after I was born.\n\nChanging your name so dramatically isn’t something many of us do, so I thought\nit would be fun to tell the story of why I changed it, what the process was\nlike and what I learned from it.\n\n## Why I changed my name\n\nChanging my name was a complicated process that took lots of things into\naccount. It’s difficult to really point to one reason that made me do it. Here\nare some of the contributing factors, though.\n\n### My old name was hard to spell and say\n\nCorina isn’t too unusual a name, but my spelling can be. It’s often spelled\nwith two r’s or two n’s, or with an a, as in Carina. My original surname,\nMackay, also has it’s problems. My dad told me once when I was a kid that he\nthought it was a Scottish name that had been brought to Australia generations\nago and the pronunciation had been mangled, so we actually said our own name\nwrong. Who knows if that’s the case.\n\nAnyway, the way we pronounced it was ‘mack-ay’, even though it’s spelled more\nlike ‘mack-eye.’ So quite often it would be pronounced wrong by others, or it\nwould be spelled McKay, or MacKay. The fact that Australia actually has a city\ncalled Mackay that’s pronounced ‘mack-eye’ didn’t help.\n\nNeedless to say, this got pretty tiring as a kid. When all you’re trying to do\nis fit in at school and seem cool, the last thing you want is to have to\nwrestle with every teacher over how to say or spell your name.\n\n### I wanted to choose it\n\nChoosing a unique name that nobody else in the world has is pretty hard unless\nyou’re willing to go for a word that isn’t even considered a name (yet). Or a\ncrazy spelling, which we’ve already discussed was not something I enjoyed\ndealing with.\n\nHaving chosen your own name, however, is pretty unique, regardless of what\nthat name is. There are lots of people who’ve change their names, I’m sure,\nbut I’ve never met one. It feels pretty cool to have done something not many\nothers have.\n\nOn that note, I’m also fiercely independent and I love the idea of being in\ncontrol of something so often seen as ‘out of our hands’. I really like\nknowing that I’ve done something many people would assume is not even an\noption.\n\n### I wasn’t very tied to my name\n\nAs a teenager, I really outgrew my family ties in a sense. I don’t place a lot\nof importance on people because they’re my family, but rather just because of\nwho they are and whether I get along with them. For instance, I don’t see many\nof my family members who still live in my home state, because we just don’t\nhave much in common. I don’t make a point of traveling back there on a regular\nbasis simply because they’re my family.\n\nOther family members who live closer to me happen to have more in common with\nme as well, so I spend more time with them. The fact that they are family\ndoesn’t hold as much importance for me as it does for many people.\n\nMostly, this is just because of how I grew up, and the roles that family did\n(or didn’t) play in my life as I developed. What this means is that the fact\nthat my name holds some kind of ties to my family doesn’t affect me a whole\nlot. A little bit, yes, but not a lot.\n\nIn my case, the ties are that my dad chose my first name, my mum gave me her\nmiddle name, and my surname comes from my dad’s family. I was pretty lucky in\nthat most of the family members who know I’ve changed my name didn’t get\nupset, even if they didn’t understand why I did it. I was also really lucky\nthat I had total support from some people, like my sister and my friends.\n\nMy dad did feel a bit taken aback by it. Although he knew I was using my new\nname already, talking to him about the process of changing it legally was\npretty tough. That conversation was a huge lesson for me in empathy and\ncommunication. My dad suggested I was changing my name out of anger towards my\nparents, almost in revenge or as a way to hurt them. That’s a pretty hard\nthing to hear from someone you love and respect, and it wasn’t easy to explain\nwhy I was changing my name and to convince him it was no reflection on my\nrelationship with him or my mum at all.\n\nAlthough for me the legal process was more about convenience (having my\npreferred name match my legal name) and an exciting new chapter in my life, it\nbrought up some tough discussion about my feelings towards my parents now, and\nhow I feel about my childhood. I definitely didn’t expect that, and I think it\nwas a surprising benefit that my dad and I could get some deep issues out in\nthe open as a result of discussing my name change.\n\n## New name, new me\n\nChoosing a new name is a funny process. Essentially, I could choose anything I\nwanted to, so long as it was deemed appropriate by the Registry of Births,\nDeaths and Marriages (it’s not quite as easy as sitcoms make out).\n\nBy the time I was filling out the paperwork to get my name changed legally, I\nwas still deciding between two name variations: Belle Beth Cooper and Belle\nVerity Adams. Each name has a little bit of significance, though the overall\nchoice came down to how I thought all three sounded and looked together, since\nI knew I’d have to get used to that being my name.\n\nHere are the three parts I chose, and why:\n\nBelle: this was a nickname my sister gave me when I was about four years old,\nafter a character in my favorite movie. My sister was really the only one who\nused it until about three years ago.\n\nI started using the name Belle well before I started the process of changing\nit legally. One of the good things about working in theatre is that you can\nuse pretty much any name you like. For a couple of years I was working on lots\nof theatre projects, and I used the name Belle each time. I experimented with\na few different name combinations as I tried to choose something that would go\nwith Belle, so I have programs stashed away from various shows, all with\ndifferent names on them.\n\nBeth: I was an exchange student in the U.S.A in 2004 and both my exchange mom\nand sister have this middle name. While I was looking for names to go with\nBelle, one of them suggested this and I loved it.\n\nOf course, this was a point of contention in the discussion with my dad that I\nmentioned above, as well, and I can see why. Giving up the middle name I had,\nwhich matched my mum’s, to take one from another family could certainly be\ntaken the wrong way, regardless of how I meant it.\n\nCooper: A distant relative on my mum’s side has this last name. I don’t even\nknow who it is—perhaps a great-aunt. Having heard it before, it popped into my\nheard early-on as a possibility. In the end, the real pull for this name was\njust that it’s easy to spell and say, and I thought it went well with Belle.\n\n### Making it official\n\nThe actual process of changing my legal name wasn’t much fun or super\ninteresting, but I’ll break it down briefly so you can see what goes into it.\nOf course, this will differ by state and country, but it should give you a\nbasic idea of the process.\n\nAs I mentioned before, my name had to be accepted as appropriate. I also had\nto specify a reason for changing it in more detail than simply “personal” or\n“professional reasons.” Since I’d been using the name for a couple of years in\nthe theatre industry already, my reason was that it was confusing for my legal\nname to not match the name I was using professionally. It got through, so I\nguess that’s an acceptable reason!\n\nI posted this tweet on my visit to the local government office that handles\nname changes. I didn’t quite have everything I needed that day, so I was a bit\npre-emptive in pointing out to my co-founder Josh that I was about to have a\nnew name!\n\n> Drumroll please... @joshsharp (at Registry of Births, Deaths & Marriages)\n> [pic] — http://t.co/0XaCNwoN\n>\n> — Belle Beth Cooper (@BelleBethCooper) November 19, 2012\n\nTo get it done, I had to fill out a form and get a whole stack of papers\nwitnessed to prove who I was. I paid a fee and sent off my paperwork and my\noriginal birth certificate. Just a few weeks later I received a Change of Name\nCertificate in the mail. This means I get to keep my original birth\ncertificate and I just have another one that proves I changed my birth name to\nthe one I have now.\n\nBelow are photos I shared on Twitter on the day I sent my forms away—on the\nleft is my application, on the right is the letter addressed to the government\noffice that handles name changes.\n\n> I’m holding life-changing documents in my hands RIGHT NOW. #noodlebake\n>\n> — Belle Beth Cooper (@BelleBethCooper) December 21, 2012\n\n## Some surprising lessons that came from changing my name\n\nIt’s funny how many things I noticed after doing this, that I had never\nexpected. Here are some of the more fascinating things I’ve learned or noticed\nsince changing my name.\n\n### Changing my first name\n\nI read an article once about actors choosing stage names that said you should\nnever, ever change your first name. The reason for this is that as an adult,\nyou’ve spent so long having that name ingrained into your subconscious that\nyou’ll always respond to it even if it’s not officially your name anymore. I\nguess I must have read that after I’d changed mine...\n\nPeople are usually surprised that I changed my whole name, and it’s nothing\nlike my former name. I guess this is because it’s such an unusual thing to do.\nEven when I say I’ve changed my name, people often assume it’s a surname\nchange due to marriage.\n\n### Keeping my signature\n\nOne of the first things I did was head into the bank and get my name updated\nin my file. I had to sign some paperwork while I was there, and I’d forgotten\nto pick a new signature so when they put me on the spot, I just used my old\none.\n\nBy this time it’s just a squiggle anyway, so it doesn’t matter too much, but\nit seems odd every time I sign something to be essentially writing my old\nname.\n\n### Trouble with three names\n\nI like the idea of using all three of my names, i.e. Belle Beth Cooper. This\nis probably another exercise in being original, I suppose. One thing I didn’t\nforesee would be an issue is that a lot of people call me Beth by mistake. I’m\nyet to work out why this happens, and it’s definitely one of the more puzzling\naspects of my new name.\n\nI can only assume it comes from the confusion of using three names, which has\nproved to be a problem elsewhere as well. When we recently tried to set up\nGoogle Authorship for my posts on the Buffer blog, we realised that having\nthree names brings up a bug in getting Google to recognize my posts.\n\n### What a name means\n\nChanging my name has made me think a lot more about what our names mean to us:\nhow and why we choose them for our children, how we think about them and use\nthem throughout our lives, how we associate them with our personalities. In\nfact, I found out recently that our names affect our lives much more than we\nmight think.\n\nSomething I’ve noticed in particular is that it’s not uncommon for people\n(even strangers) to see my name change as offensive (especially towards my\nfamily) or unnecessary. I think the ideas of “giving up” my chosen name, that\nlink to my family and our ancestory and any tradition that comes with the name\n(for instance, my middle name matched my mum’s) really seem upsetting to some\npeople.\n\nI’ve found it quite difficult to explain to people who think this way that\nthose links don’t mean as much to me, and I don’t feel that I’m being\noffensive to my family or anyone else.\n\nAnother one in this vein is when people say they could never change their\nnames. Again, it’s hard to explain how I feel about it to people who see this\nas something they just couldn’t do. For me, changing my name has made me feel\nquite good in terms of bucking the status quo and questioning things that\nwe’ve taken for granted for generations (i.e. you’re stuck with the name your\nparents give you).\n\n### Who I am\n\nHere’s a really odd thing that I’ve noticed since changing my name:\n\nWhen I’m having a bad day and I look in the mirror, the first thing that pops\ninto my head is my birth name. I don’t know why, and I think this is a pretty\ninteresting phenomena—I’d love to find out if other people experience this as\nwell. It could be related to how I think about myself relevant to my new name\nthough: i.e. I’m the new, improved me with the new, improved name, and the\npast, less-improved me had the old name.\n\nI also think I subconsciously relate my old name to not being in control\nand/or having things decided for me. Because I’m so fiercely independent, I\nthink I’ve probably attached negative connotations to my old name because I\nwas stuck with it—constantly correcting people on how to spell or say it, and\nI had no choice in the matter.\n\n### Saying it right\n\nInterestingly, I’m less concerned about people spelling or saying my name\nwrong now. I like to correct them because I like my name and want to give it\nits due, but I don’t take it so personally when people say it wrong, (or call\nme Beth—though that one does puzzle me a lot). On the other hand, I think I’m\nmore aware of other people’s names, and try harder to get them right.\n\nI do take it personally now when people compliment my name, since I chose it.\nAnother lesson I learned in empathy: I notice some people seem offended or\nfrustrated when I compliment their names, because they didn’t choose them.\nSomeone even said that to me once when I said his name was cool: “Well I\ndidn’t choose it.” This reminds me that my case is unique and many others\ndon’t feel excited and proud of their name because they chose one they like.\nIn this case, his frustrated tone reminded me we often feel like our names are\nthe kind of thing we can’t change.\n\n### Moving on\n\nI feel like my new name represents me better as who I am now. Having said\nthat, I’m fully open to the idea that I might want to change it again someday.\nThis whole process has made me see my name as a more transient aspect of my\nlife, rather than a definitive description of who I am as a person.\n\nWant to save an hour a day on your social media management? Buffer can help!\nSchedule your first post now.\n\nWritten by Belle Beth Cooper\n\nBelle is the first Content Crafter at Buffer and co-founder of Exist. She\nwrites about social media, startups, lifehacking and science.\n\nFollow @http://twitter.com/bellebcooper\n\n * http://thejakejordan.com/ baldjake\n\nReally interesting journey Belle. Thanks for sharing some insight into why you\nmoved to a new name and sort of a new life. What do you think was the biggest\nunexpected pro and con to the whole process was?\n\n * Belle\n\nThanks, glad you enjoyed reading it! I guess the most unexpected ‘con’ (if\nthere is one) would be when people call me Beth, because correcting people on\nhow to use my name was something I was trying to get away from! The most\nunexpected ‘pro’ is probably how many people are open to the process and\ninterested in the story – I’m continually surprised by this!\n\n * Rohan Ayyar\n\nMy family knew an old man called Veerashoora Varaprasada Swaminatha\nSomasundara Jadavallabha Aiyangar. Not kidding one bit. And you complain about\nspelling and pronunciation?\n\n * jaen\n\nas Sara explained I am inspired that some people able to get paid $5285 in 4\nweeks on the computer. visit here\n\nwww.YAD7.com\n\n * Andrew Steele\n\nHey Belle. You may find people call you Beth on accident so often because in a\nfew other cultures, French and Italian in particular, “Belle” literally just\nmeans “Woman” or “Girl”, and is sometimes just used as a title, similar to\n“Lady” or “Ms.” or the like.\n\nAnother likely possibility is due to the nature of the pronunciation. Belle is\nnaturally pronounced ‘down’, in terms of vocal inflection; Beth on the other\nhand is often pronounced ‘up’. This means in crowded situations or when\nspeaking quickly, “Belle Beth Cooper” could very easily sound more like “L.\nBETH COOper”, so some could take your first name as an initial instead of\n“Belle”.\n\nJust my theories. 😉\n\nReally fascinating article. I had considered changing my name too, when I was\n20ish. I started by going by a nickname for a couple years, similarly to your\njourney. My main impetus was separating myself from my parents, whom I was\nstruggling with at the time, but I also liked the idea of being my own person.\n\nOf course, being a bit of a joker, I chose “Cole Steele” instead of my given\n“Andrew Steele” or my family and friends imposed “Andy”. In the end, I didn’t\ngo through with it, because my Dad threatened to cut me off from the family if\nI did. I was more than a little dependent on his financial help at the time,\nto help get me through college. I decided for the sake of keeping some ties to\nthe family that I’d just ask everyone to just call me Andrew instead of Andy,\nto signify getting a little older and more mature. To be honest though, I\nstill feel weird calling myself Andrew, even when others talk to me. I feel\nlike I’m living in someone else’s name.\n\nOne last sidenote. A few years after I went with “just Andrew”, I met and\nworked with a man named “Cole Steele”. He was a bit of a pretentious jerk. 😉\n\n * Belle\n\nHi Andrew,\n\nA couple of good theories there. I definitely wondered if Belle being an\nadjective in French made people skip over it when reading my name. I guess\nI’ll never know!\n\nInteresting that you tried switching for a while and went back. Thanks for\nsharing your story!\n\n * Chris\n\nI’ve changed my surname, but I really liked my first name, so I still have\nthat.\n\nThis doesn’t apply to you I assume, but in Wales, part of the UK, a lot of\npeople use their second name rather than their first name. Not sure why, but\nits pretty much a tradition.\n\n * http://flippa.com/blog Ophelie Lechat\n\nOh yeah, as a native French speaker I totally skipped over “Belle” at first:\nit feels like I’m calling her “Beautiful Belle Cooper”, which, uh, is a bit\nweird!\n\n * Belle\n\nI’m not surprised – that makes sense! Someone else suggested that because Beth\nis such a common name it’s easier to hang on to that part, even for native\nEnglish speakers. That would also make sense, I think.\n\n * Scotland Spain Grey\n\nThank you so much for sharing. I am currently on the fence about the very same\nthing. I use one name professionally, and my birth name legally. Do I just\nfile a DBA or go ahead and legally change it? That’s where I am. It’s\ninteresting that you mentioned having a bad day and seeing yourself as Corina.\nThis is precisely why I changed my name professionally. Besides a long, multi\nsyllabic last name, I have a lot of negative self esteem attached to my birth\nname, while my professional name gives me a huge confidence boost as an\nartist. Why? Who knows. Likely because I feel I can reinvent my own persona as\nsomeone else. Scotland is the cool, breezy artist, while Amy is the anxious,\nmistake-riddled underachiever. I am neither one or the other exclusively, but\nit feels that way mentally.\n\nAnyway, thank you, thank you. It’s nice to know the are others out there who\nfeel the same way I have.\n\n * Belle\n\nThanks for reading, Scotland. I’m pleasantly surprised that so many people\nhave been or are in a similar situation to me! That’s definitely a nice\nfeeling\n\n * JenniMaley\n\nInteresting post! When I was younger I used to dream about changing my name\nbecause there is a bit of an unhappy story behind why I ended up with it. But\nI think I’ve reached the point where I couldn’t imagine my name as anything\nelse. It’s cool to hear how it might have gone if I want down that road\nthough! And Belle Beth is such a lovely name!\n\n * Belle\n\nHi Jenni,\n\nThanks for reading! It’s definitely something I thought about a lot as a kid,\ntoo, but I’m not sure I ever realized I would actually change it some day!\n\nAnd thanks, I like it\n\n * http://sagegrayson.com/ Sage Grayson\n\nGreat post! I changed my entire name about 10 years ago because I was breaking\nties with an abusive family and didn’t want to be associated with them\nanymore. Congrats on your new name!\n\n * Belle\n\nThanks Sage! I’m surprised to find so many other people have gone through a\nsimilar process to me – it’s great to know that!\n\n * jane starr\n\nWell done belle I love your new names , has to change mine due to abusive\nfamily like sage More power to us i say x\n\n * Jeannine Nichols\n\nGood for you too. I am trying to do the same. How did you explain it to\nemployers and friends so that they didn’t freak out, think you were crazy, or\nget too much 411 about the backstory?\n\n * jane starr\n\nHi jeannine , id just gotten divorced from a abusive man and most people just\nassummed id taken my maiden name but since I also come from a family with an\nabusive father I didn’t ever want his name again so I just explained, people\nwere nice about it , didnt ask questions really , kind of shocked if anything\nthat id had such an abusive background But I would have explained more if\ntheyd wanted as I think its important to let people know youve taken back some\ncontrol in your life , very best wishes and Good luck to you x\n\n * William Burke\n\nYou cannot. Because you are actually crazy.\n\n * Jeannine Nichols\n\nReally? Me too!! How did you explain it to employers and friends you were\nkeeping?\n\n * creepyTexan\n\nI can def see it being done for this reason-kudos to you.\n\n * Avy\n\nWas that the reason you used when applying for a name change? If so did you\nhave to show evidence? I really want to change my name for the same reason but\nI don’t know whether this will be an acceptable reason. I’m from Australia so\nit might be different here as well but any advice you can give would be great\n\n * Rob kennedy\n\nMy name is Robert John Kennedy. Try lugging that handle around with you, and\ntry doing an internet search for yourself with that name? So I shortened it to\nRob, that made it better, but, it’s still tough out there for people with\ndifficult or unoriginal names.\n\nBut here’s a sneaky way of getting a new name, while retaining your old one;\ntry spelling your name backwards, works for me. Trebor Ydennek, sound quite\nBaltic, I think.\n\nBut you do realise Beth, that your initials are now – BBC.\n\n * Belle\n\nhaha spelling it backwards is certainly original!\n\nAnd yes, I definitely considered my initials before going ahead with it. The\ninitials BBC were just another vote in favor of the name I chose\n\nBelle.\n\n * Tash\n\nHi Belle,\n\nPart of the reason you probably get called your middle name is because a lot\nof older citizens use their middle name as their first name. We have an\nemployee who we have always known as Brian, however, on our latest form, he\nput his first name down as Desmond with Brian as his middle name. Often they\nshare the same first name with their parents and use their middle name as a\nway to differentiate between them.\n\n * http://terakristen.com/ Tera Kristen\n\nIt was very interesting to read your thoughts on your name. I think everyone\nhas had to address the issue of their name, and what it means to them, at some\npoint.\n\nWhen I started using social media I realized my rare Gaelic last name\n(Dargavel) is so difficult to spell and say that I didn’t want to use it\nonline. I chose my middle name since I believed the combination (Tera Kristen)\nwas uniquely mine – whereas I’ve met some other Teras before.\n\nMy first name, Tera, was a result of the first two letters of my Dad’s name\n(Terry) and the last two letters of my Mom’s name (Sandra). I always loved\nthat story and I fully embraced my first name. As for my middle name, it was\nborrowed from a past friend of my mother’s and I always thought it was pretty.\nI feel like using my middle name as my unique identifier means that I won’t\nhave to update my online accounts when I get married and change my last name.\n\nMy email signature always says “Tera Kristen” and I’m also sometimes called\nKristen. Perhaps two names confuses people. I am definitely going to\n(casually) ask the person why they chose that name the next time it happens –\nI’m so curious now!\n\n * Belle\n\nIt’s so interested that you have a similar situation, Tera! I’m definitely\npuzzled by that one, and I think next time I change my name I might go with\njust one name instead of three – like Cher or Sting\n\n * http://terakristen.com/ Tera Kristen\n\nHaha – don’t forget about the option of using a symbol! It’s not just for ego-\ncentric singers anymore!\n\n * Missy Homemaker\n\nI think this is a very interesting read. I grew up with three hard to spell\nnames. My first name was spelled ‘wrong’ by my dad on my birth certificate so\nit’s a variation of the original. My middle name had an ‘e’ added to the end\nwhich is a normal spelling, but not widely used. My last name is a Scottish\nname that isn’t pronounced like it’s spelled at all. My first grade teacher\nmade me cry by demanding that I was spelling my name wrong. I complained to my\nparents so much growing up, that one day my dad finally said, “When you’re old\nenough, you can change it to anything you want!” My name spelling doesn’t\nbother me any more, but then again, I use a fictitious name on my blog.\nEveryone knows how to spell Missy lol.\n\n * Belle\n\nThanks for sharing your story, Missy! I definitely think it’s interesting to\nexplore the different dynamics of how people use your name in-person vs.\nonline. When you can only read a name and assume how to say it, you come\nacross different issues than when you hear a name said out loud but you don’t\nknow how to spell it.\n\n * http://healthup.me/ Lisa Oberndorfer\n\nWhat a huge decision. I’ve hated my name since I was little (my full first\nname is Elisabeth) and I’m hating it even more now that I live in the US and\nno one is getting it right. I did consider changing my surname, but I just\ncan’t do it. As much as I dislike it, it’s part of my identity. And since I’m\na journalist and have published stuff since 2004, I would pretty much ruin my\ncareer – and have to start a new one.\n\n * Belle\n\nIt’s definitely a big consideration when your name is tied to your career.\nLuckily mine was young enough that changing my name was worth giving up the\nsmall reputation I’d started to build based on it. Unfortunately it’s not that\neasy for everyone – thanks for sharing your thoughts, Lisa!\n\n * Ann\n\nPeople in the US can’t get Elizabeth right? I would have never guessed. 😐\n\n * http://healthup.me/ Lisa Oberndorfer\n\nWell, they constantly spell it with a z instead of an s\n\n * Karin Bellantoni\n\nBelle...you are going to love this.\n\nYour name is belived by many to “vibrate” at a certain rate producing the\nmelody that is you. When your name (which all have a numerological value)\nchanges...vibration changes= you change.\n\nYou can read more about this in a book called Love Numbers and you can get a\nfree report from this group: http://www.kabalarians.com\n\nI have referred several friends and they loved the analysis of the name\nvariations. Hope you enjoy!\n\n * Belle\n\nCool, thanks for the suggestion Karin!\n\n * Delima Shanti\n\nI too have a difficult to spell name, and because my culture doesn’t even\nunderstand the concept of family names, the whole idea of continuing the\nfamily name is a non-issue for me.\n\nBut my issue with changing names more than once is that if you want to build a\nbrand around your identity, it probably pays to stick to one thing for most of\nyour career as it’s hard enough to get traction with one brand as it is.\n\n * Belle\n\nDefinitely a good point – I didn’t talk about that in the post but it was\ndefinitely a consideration for me. I’d spent around 1.5 – 2 years building a\nname and reputation online which I mostly had to give up when I changed my\nname. For me it was worth it, but there was definitely a lot of running around\nto be done in order to update my details all over the internet!\n\n * Pam Holland\n\nBelle Beth Cooper! I voted for that name and I love it! I feel so honored to\nhave had a part in this and to have had you in my life. You can change your\nname if you choose, but it won’t change who you are. I’ll ALWAYS love you!\nExcellent article and I thoroughly enjoyed reading it.\n\n * Belle\n\nThanks Aunt Pam! I’m glad you enjoyed it Definitely true – my name is part of\nmy lifestyle, rather than who I am. I like looking at it that way!\n\n * Lady\n\n“My name is part of my lifestyle, rather than who I am.” – perfectly said!\n\n * http://flippa.com/blog Ophelie Lechat\n\nFunny, I was just thinking about your name change yesterday. I have two\ndifficult-to-spell-in-English names (and my middle name, Sandrine, is no walk\nin the park either), so I have adopted the fake name Sarah for situations\nwhere it really doesn’t matter (takeaway coffee, haircut appointments).\n\nI’m guilty of deflecting to “oh, my parents chose it, I didn’t!” when\ncomplimented on my name. Names are just one of those things you can’t really\ntake credit for — unless, of course, you make the courageous decision to go\nyour own way and pick a new one. Well done, Belle!\n\n * Belle\n\nThanks Ophelie! Choosing a name for your coffee order is a good one – that’s\none of the places I tested Belle on the outside world for the first time!\n\n * jaybird\n\nI love your name, Ophelie Lechat. Very cool.\n\n * Julian Perez Kerr\n\nI changed my name almost 2 years ago. Like you, I never really liked my birth\nname and from childhood I wanted it changed. Furthermore, I don’t honor people\nby their titles either. “Family” “Boss” signifies little more than the rest of\nsociety to me. I choose my current name to signify those most important in\nhelping me develop my character for the good and bad. This was a refreshing\narticle. Thank you.\n\n * Belle\n\nSo glad you liked it, Julian! Thanks for sharing your thoughts\n\n * viky\n\nhttp://global.fuyanpills.com/DT/Chlamydia_Infection/ health web, for the women\n\n * James McKey\n\nThis makes our Twitter discussion about your listed name there so much more\ninteresting in hindsight. Did you have a Twitter account under your old name\nand have to abandon it?\n\nI had a romance with the name Sean as a kid and thought I might change it one\nday. I also never liked my middle name “Murray”. Totally OK with my last name\nof “McKey” though. I just help people by saying it’s spelled like Mickey Mouse\nwithout the ‘i’. Being from Orlando, that sticks with most people and usually\ngets a cooperative chuckle.\n\nAlso, my wife chose to keep her last name and it bothered me not at all. In\nfact, I suggested to her that maybe we should give our kids the option of\nchoosing their own names when they turn 12, including new last names. That\nwould be an interesting experiment, eh?\n\n * Belle\n\nI did, James! I think if you go to twitter.com/corinamackay you’ll find it\nthere. I left behind about 1200 followers as well, and my body of work on the\nweb up until that point, for the most part.\n\nDefinitely an interesting one with the kids – I was just discussing this with\nsomeone recently. Could be fun to see how they feel about their names if they\nsee them as more transient and changeable!\n\n * http://www.thomas-weller.de Thomas Weller\n\nWow, definitely one of the most inspiring posts I’ve ever came across. Thank\nyou for sharing this! And congrats to your bold and radical step. (Funny\nenough: I stumbled upon it while scanning my business-related blog feeds this\nmorning.)\n\nLike everyone else, I didn’t have a saying when it came to choosing my name (I\ncouldn’t even speak by that time...). I also didn’t choose the people who gave\nit to me. I don’t really like my name (mostly because it is associated with a\nlife that I left behind), and I’m not so sure about the people these days. But\nstill it never came to my mind that simply choosing another one could be an\noption. This possibility just didn’t exist in my world.\n\nBesides that, I like the idea that a person chooses a name that reflects this\nperson itself, rather than simply being given a name that you didn’t choose –\nand maybe don’t like. (The software development guy in me now moans: “But you\nget all sorts of problems if you turn an identifier into a simple attribute!”.\nAnd he is right in a practical sense. Somehow...)\n\nBe that as it may, you brought an idea into my thoughts that wasn’t there\nbefore. And this is something that happens very seldom...\n\n— Thomas\n\n * Belle\n\nHi Thomas,\n\nThanks for sharing your thoughts here! It’s definitely not uncommon to not\neven consider changing your name legally. I’m very happy to share that it’s a\npossibility for those that are interested\n\n * SterlingEdSrv\n\nHi Belle, Not quite the same, but I switched from “Liz” to “Eli” starting\ncollege and it definitely feels like a different person whose memories I have.\nMy parents chose “Elizabeth” in large part because of the many nicknames\npossibilities and I appreciate that! I was also happy to retire my maiden name\n(Hammer) when I got married, but I am still considering legally changing my\nmiddle too!\n\n * Bob Kim\n\nIn the Daoist tradition, when you undertake a new phase in life, your teacher\ngives you a new name. In the Jewish tradition, God did it. In the arts, you do\nit (mark twain).\n\nCommon thread?\n\nChanging your name is a time and tradition honoring way of marking an epock\nmaking metamorphosis. Welcome, Beth!\n\n * http://www.mytinysecrets.com/ Adina Rivers\n\nI loved this. thanks Bob.\n\n * Richard\n\nI went to China and changed my mind about all of this.\n\nOne thing I will point out to you is that you are independently incapable of\nseeing yourself from the outside. What you believe others are seeing when they\ncomment disapprovingly on your name change might not be the actual case.\n\nThe thing is, independence can be likened to selfishness, a quality\ndisfavoured by humans even in infancy. I changed my name but long pretended I\nhad not chosen it in order to preserve the higher-priority trait of humility\nthat is favoured by our very genes.\n\nYou will also find that there are very few people beyond blood parents who\nwill ever tell you what they are truly thinking. You are their extension\nbeyond mortality, and nobody else will have as much of a gamble in the kind of\nperson you eventuate to be. Because you are literately typing on the Internet\nduring the 21st century, I’d presume that your parents, their parents and\nevery ancestor hither back has done a fairly good job of advancing your social\nclass.\n\nAt the very minimal, even as an orphan put up for adoption you owe your\nbiological parents a deep reverence for your enjoyment of the ability to take\nbreath, to fall in love, and to do all that it is you do. In Confucian\nphilosophy, gratitude to one’s creators is paramount above all other virtue.\n\nIndividuality is a trait, it is indeed a trait. Valuable to the\nindividual...but then we do find there are very many sad, lonely, unpretty old\nindividuals.\n\n * Ann\n\nI guess that’s your opinion. None of us ever asked to be born.\n\n * Richard\n\nThe further thing I will mention is that you will find yourself explaining in\nfuture situations, to partners, perhaps children – that the thing they have to\nunderstand about your new name is you. You you you you you and only you. There\nare approximately 2 dozen distinct personality types, each with benefits and\nflaws. But the type you are more likely to be associated with is the more\nliberal, eccentric, self-prioritising type.\n\nTrust me when I say you will suffer an equal penance in hurt by association\nwith these people.\n\n * Bree\n\nI had a really rough upbringing and terrible teen years and so when I started\na fresh new life I decided I wanted a new name too. I did the same thing.\nMoved to a new town with my new husband and changed my first and middle name\nlegally as well as taking his last name. It’s actually hard to hear my former\nname after hearing it used like a curse word so many times it just cuts\nthrough me like a knife! It does give me a lot of anxiety when I have to tell\npeople I did it because yeah, not such a common thing and people think your\nweird for doing it. Well good for you, I love your new name! I also used that\nwebsite someone else said kabalarians, it was really cool.\n\n * http://www.celticanglicanshop.com/ celticanglican\n\nI totally understand, Bree, re: a name sounding like a curse word. It would be\nnice if people had more open minds about why people go through name changes or\njust what they prefer to be called. People in general seem to make too many\nassumptions...\n\n * Aria\n\nI’ll have to agree with everyone, and say this article is very refreshing. I\nrememeber wanting to change my name since I was a child as well.\n\n * Horatio\n\nI completely changed my name too! My current forename and surname is Horatio\nand Caine, respectively – Horatio Caine is a character played by David Caruso\nin CSI: Miami. I got rid of my middle name entirely and completely changed my\nfirst and last names! Out of interest, do your family members refer to you by\nyour old or new name? My parents refuse to call me Horatio and there’s not\nmuch I can do about it since I’m still a 17 year old student living at home.\nOnce I’m older and financially independent, I’ll be able to issue them an\nultimatum. My siblings don’t call me Horatio, but they don’t call me by my old\nname either – my eldest sister calls me ‘babe’ or ‘boo’ and my other sister\nand I call each other ‘rat’. I’m okay with those nicknames as they have no\nrelation to my former name!\n\n * Belle\n\nGood question, Horatio! My parents and some older friends refuse to use my new\nname, but I’m generally okay with that. They refuse to change for their own\nsakes, not mine, so that’s their choice. And some of them are slowly coming\naround!\n\n * Horatio\n\nDoes it not annoy you? I hate it! My parents are the only two people who refer\nto me by my old name!\n\n * Katharine Love\n\nhi belle; i came across your blog when i google name change..here is my\nstory..i grew up in an abusive home and had an unusual name that was spelled\ndifferent from the norm making it even more unappealing. so as an adult when\nmy friend told me she was changing her name, i thought..wow! can you do that?\nand my next thought was ..me too!.. so i changed it to cassandra shakti\nhart..i was starting grad school and thought that it was the perfect time to\nbegin anew. but..my professor started calling me cassie which i hated even\nmore than my original name, so i legally changed it again to katharine\nangelina love. now..years later..i am once again unhappy with my name. when i\nlook inward i feel as if i do not have a core identity, hence i am unable to\n“name” myself since i..don’t exist. i am not sure if this is an existential\nproblem or something related to my family of origin, but i am not sure now how\nto proceed..i have looked at name now for 10 years or so..i feel like a coke\naddict but using names instead..fyi..i have never tried hard drugs nor do i\nhave a substance abuse problem but this feels unsolvable..any insights will\nhelp..thanks..katharine(for now)\n\n * Belle\n\nThanks for sharing your story, Katharine. It’s interesting that you’ve changed\nyour name more than once.. I can definitely see that being a possibility for\nmyself in the future, as well.\n\nIdentity is a really tricky thing, and I think it’s inextricably linked to our\nnames for most of us, but ultimately it’s a really personal journey to work\nout what that means for you.\n\n * Steve\n\nGreat blog.\n\nI changed my name recently. Only a couple months ago. It was also a full\nchange. I’ve also found some static from it from many fronts. I am very\nsurprised that in America, where people name themselves things like “Jesus’\nHairy Balls” and other such nonsense, that a Germanic name is so frowned upon.\nI don’t give my name online, but I changed it to something that sounds like\n“Heinrich Friedrich Adelbreight Gutenburg”.\n\nThe names I used all came from old relatives in my family, and all had\nsignificant meaning to me. America still has people flooding in from other\ncountries, whose names, language, culture, and religions must be accepted. So\nwhy not Germanic culture?(Note, I do not say “German”)\n\nThe name I chose suits me. It feels like me. I was born with very BORING,\ncommon Anglo given names. Something like “Joseph Michael”. No offense to\npeople with those names, or ones like them. Just totally not me. My new names\nsuit this person that has lived all over the world, been on tons of\nadventures, speaks 25 languages, seen places few men ever have, read\nmanuscripts few men have laid eyes on, and payed taxes to many foreign\ngovernments\n\nI admit at first glance my name looks like some mix between a Nazi war hero\nand some mystical Teutonic knight. But that’s part of the point. You can be\nproudly Germanic and not be a Nazi. It seems many people do not realize that.\nAll my kids have similar names. And their mom is black, and from Africa. So\nthere you go. Try calling them Nazis! lol They also have their African names\nas well.\n\nI never told my family at all. “I’m not close to my family” means I have not\ntalked to them in years. Adopting a new family name to spite them was also\npart of the point. It’s refreshing that my kids will have a NEW family to be\nbrought up in, totally different than the one I had. A name is a powerful\nthing. Changing mine was the catalyst that gave me the independence I needed.\nI look in the mirror, and I AM a new person. The old name, as you say,\nconjures up negative images from the past. For me, the new name evokes and\naccentuates all the good in me.\n\nYour blog was like therapy. Every now and then I still have doubts. I am only\n2 months old after all. Sometimes I think it a bit childish. I did use this\nname for gaming for a while. And I’m an old gamer, with kids!(but not a total\ngeek. I am lucky if I have time to game 3 days a week anymore). But it feels\ngood to read your blog and your experiences. I can relate to a lot of things.\nIt makes me feel good to hear others go through the same thing. Thank you\nagain for sharing!\n\n * Ann\n\nGerman does not equal nazi in any way shape or form. If anyone judges you or\nthinks that way, they’re living in some bizarro world. Enjoy your fresh new\nname!\n\n * Steve\n\nThank you Ann. Well, Germans are stereotyped as being analytical, prone to\nresearch and an exactitude, obedience to authority, laws, and rules, being\nanal, punctual, logical, no sense of humor, etc.\n\nMere stereotypes. Though many, including myself are like that. And that\nlogical, seemingly emotionless, robot-like disposition is often how they\nportray Nazis in film. Just look at the internet meme about “Grammar Nazi”.\nSomehow using correct English=being a Nazi. I guess Americans and other\ncultures are more relaxed about rules like grammar.\n\nThe point is, some stereotypes about Nazis and Germans are true. Though it is\nnot Germans acting like Nazis. It is that Nazis were Germans! (Sadly, when you\ncombine Nationalism with perfect organization, you get genocide).\n\nAnyhow, I ramble. Thank you for your kind words and support! Another thing to\nnote for the readers. I live in the USA now. Here, in some\njurisdictions(certain States), you can mail your court order to the State\nVital Records office and they will issue you a NEW Birth Certificate with your\nnew name, send orders to the Local Civil Registrar to update your Birth\nCertificate, put your original one on microfilm and put it in a sealed\nenvelope that only a Supreme Judge can order opened, and destroy the original!\nWow. I really AM me now. Who I was born, is dead! That’s an amazing feeling.\n\nI am also going through another process. Adult Adoption. Some jurisdictions,\nlike mine, allow people to adopt adults. Soon my birth parents will also be\neliminated forever from my Birth Certificate.\n\nJust some info for anyone who lives in these jurisdictions, or is willing to\nmove to them, even temporarily, to get it done.\n\nCheers.\n\n * Shaed Greenwood\n\nThe idea of prescriptive grammar being “correct grammar” ignores how living\nlanguages work. Languages constantly evolve and change. Nonstandard language\nuse is the means by which this happens.\n\nPolicing other people’s grammar is fascist and shows that you don’t understand\nhow language functions.\n\n * Zoe\n\nI really appreciate this post. I am getting ready to change my name in the\nnext couple of months, and I was wondering how and why other people made the\ndecision to change their whole names. I find it an empowering thing. I really\nlike what Bob Kim said about name changing as metamorphosis. It very much is\nfor me.\n\n * Miss L\n\nBelle! I have changed my name legally – both the first and the middle. I\nchanged it to Lily Julia from Bethanie Mary. I felt I had similar reasoning,\nand that my birth name did not reflect how I felt about myself. It was a\nlovely name, but not quite me. My mother understood, knowing that I disliked\nit as a child, and I also had a difficult childhood as I was often criticised\nfor being too quite or shy, and bullied for being pretty. Anyhow, I felt my\nnew name is more delicate but has a certain calming strength behind it. Yes,\nwhen I am having a bad day I often think about this birth-name, and still\nrefer to it as “my name,” whenever I see it or hear somewhere. I don’t often\ntell people that i’ve changed it though, and was contemplating putting it in\nas a third name, right at the end of Lily Julia, or use Mary at the end. Just\nto have a piece of the old with the new, but I am quite happy with using Lily.\nIt’s me now. I have grown into it, and no longer look like a Bethanie to\npeople. I also work in dance, so I use another name, which is Belle, and the\nreason is I subconsciously respond to short names starting with “B” because\nbeing called Beth, people would confuse it with Bec or Belle.\n\n * Antara-Cheri\n\nI changed my name 22 years ago yesterday, Jan. 1st. Today, I woke up and I am\nreally considering changing my name back. I changed my name for spiritual\nreasons. I felt that I could help change the world and that I really had\nsomething to give. My name change represented that. Today, I just accept the\nworld and maybe accept myself. I want to change back.\n\nIt was a very interesting phenomena about all the ideas that went with\n“Cheri,” my old name. “Antara,” was new and had no preconceived ideas attached\nto it. It was my angel/star name. Now, I feel like I always liked my old name\nand I don’t know how my mother was so accepting and understanding when I\nchanged it? It is very complicated now in all the entanglements of where my\nname is out there. I am in school once again and changing it there will be\nstrange with “medical-type” students. Antara has become a name associated with\nwhat I never did or never accomplished nor lived up to. It means female\nwarrior of the human spirit. Maybe it was too much to live up to? I just want\nto do what I can with what I’ve got and be less demanding of myself and\nothers.\n\nI like Belle. Belle is beautiful for you.\n\n * Lady\n\nThis makes me very sad. You don’t seem at peace with this situation, just\ntrying to accept it. It sounds like your spark went out or away. Maybe you\nwere worn down in your efforts. I don’t know, but it seems tragic. It would be\ndifferent if it sounded like you got what you wanted out of your name change\nand how you spent that part of your life, and now you’re just coming back\nbecause your work with Antara is done. But since it doesn’t sound like that’s\nthe case, then I’d say your work there isn’t done and you will continue to\nhurt until you find that peaceful resolution. I hope you’re able to connect\nwith others who can help you through these feelings. Maybe you just need to\nre-frame what it means to “change the world”. Plenty of people we revere today\ndidn’t make their mark til later in life – and in other cases, after death.\n\nP.S. I’m talking to myself as I write this to you. I relate to your situation\nand have to constantly remind myself to be patient and persist.\n\n * Aria\n\nI changed my name 16 years ago and I also want to change it back. I am married\nnow, with children, and my husband is confused and upset about the\npossibility. My thoughts are very similar to yours.\n\n * Sascha\n\nAbsolutely loved this post! I have wanted to change my name for a few years\nnow, as what I have at the moment came from people that I intensely dislike\nand have nothing to do with. The name itself also has given me infinite\namounts of grief (usually misspelled, and people usually think I’m a man). My\ntrouble is this – how do you come up with what to change it to? I like how you\nhad Belle as a nickname from childhood, but the nicest nickname I was ever\ngiven was either sushi or sausage. Lovely. When you’ve got nothing to work\nwith, how do you go about creating a full new name for yourself? And where do\nyou start on surnames?!\n\n * Kate\n\nThis is interesting Thanks. I’ve always loved and adored my name so when I had\nto change it to my husband last name it was actually very upsetting to me. I\nwould have done the whole hyphenate thing but the names sound ridiculous\ntogether I hate it and whenever I mention it to someone they can’t keep a\nstraight face so no.\n\n * Notmyrealname\n\nThis is a great article. I’ve considered changing my name for a few years. My\nmain concern is that my parents were are proud of my unique name, so they will\nno doubt be hurt on some level. No one says or spells any part of my name\nright though and I tend to flinch when people say my name, right or wrong.\nStrangers get annoyed or don’t care about getting it right because it’s so\ndifficult to spell/say. It tends to wear on your self worth. I think I need a\nfresh start and this article is was step in finding the guts to do it.\n\n * Adriana\n\nI found a way around that. Make your current name your middle name and then\nyou can pick whatever you want as your first name. When people ask you just\nsay “oh that’s my middle name but I don’t use it anymore”. and I agree with\nthe strangers not caring about pronouncing it! The same thing happens to me.\n\n * LBD\n\nMy husband and I have recently started talking about changing both our names,\nincluding our last names. Neither of us are close to my family or his. We are\nnot having children. I wonder how hard that would be.\n\n * Beth\n\nHi Belle! Awesome article. I legally changed my name too, senior year of\ncollege. Growing up I was one of several Sarah Elizabeths in almost every\nclass. Having been reduced to “Sarah C” multiple times, I finally had enough\nand changed it to Sarahbeth. Only I didn’t realize how difficult it would be\nto have two first names as one name, so within a year of changing it, I\nstarted going by Beth exclusively. It suits me better, I think: Little Women\nis one of my favorite books, and Beth strikes me as a book-nerdy name anyway,\nwhich definitely describes me Now I only use Sarahbeth for publishing.\n\n * Kathryn Wolfe\n\nHi Belle, I just came across your article and I love it! It’s informative and\ninspirational. I am in the process of doing a full legal name change and I am\nwondering if you ever had any issues with coworkers/employers handling your\nname change? I almost feel like to fully start over maybe I should just move\nto another City, but we just cant do that and I don’t know why but I have all\nthis anxiety built up over how my work will handle this. I know this is what I\nwant to do, and the people I care about are 100% supportive but I cant stop\nworrying about what they will say or how they will react. Any suggestions or\nthings you have heard on how to stop worrying about what they think?\n\n * Mia Chavez\n\nI changed my name as well and am now going to change my last name. I had only\nchanged my first name before. After really thinking about it- I would not want\nto carry the last name of my absentee father and am instead choosing a last\nname that is short, unique and geared more towards my children’s ancestry\ninstead of my own. I’m excited about it and can’t wait! Most peoe don’t\nunderstand but t the end it’s about me and what makes me happy. The only thing\nI have found frustrating is when I come across the people whom do not want to\ncall me by my new name bc they’re used to my old one. Honestly I see that as\ndisrespectful to me. How do you handle situations such as those?\n\n * Jezreal Blue Raven\n\nHello yes I understand completely where you’re coming from, what I say unto\nthe ones who disrespect me exceptions for my mum and dad by using my old birth\nname; I would and have on many occasions simply and totally ignored those\npeople without a response as though I never heard them. Or I would simply ask\nthem whom is this person?? And that I dont know the person whos name that they\ncalled me by. Eventually they will learn that they are to remain as complete\nstrangers until they speak my name which is different from what I use here or\nonline. I’ll conclude that my whole world changed for the better with my new\nname. My name has my whole destiny written inside it and I dont have to try\nand live up to the meaning of my name. Everything unfolds with a great sense\nof joy, peace, purpose, reason, destiny, meaning and fulfilment. Thank you\nBelle Beth Cooper for this blog\n\n * Nazneen\n\nI’m in my 40’s & I just completed the process of changing only my first name.\nI found out yesterday judge granted my request. My only living parent now is\nmy mom. When I told her she became VERY angry. I changed my name due to the\nfact it has created lots of racial arguments through the years. My father was\nblack & white and my mother is mexican. My sister was given a normal, american\nname. I was given a hispanic birth name. We were not raised to speak spanish,\nnor with hispanic cultural ways. Through the years people would hear my name &\nautomatically assume I spoke spanish. When I replied no people were shocked.\nIgnorance. Mainly I found hispanic people were actually angered that my mother\nhad not taught us spanish. Why? I was born in the U.S. I got tired of this so\nI chose a 1st name I felt reflected me. I actually get mistaken for East\nIndian or Middle Eastern. From this I chose my name. I am VERY comfortable\nwith my decision despite friends & family questioning my decision after so\nmany years. THANK YOU for your post. I’m glad I read it. I am not alone.\n\n * Jesus\n\nonce I thought change my name Jesus, by other that sound it more important,\nmaybe like an actor’s name. But that was before eighteen, after that,\ngradually, I was taking in serious my name.\n\n * Pia\n\nHi Belle! I’ve read this blog for inspiration a couple times. I’m waiting to\ngo forth and change my first name. Just a bit chicken to tell the hub :)) I\nknow it’s a bit late in life but I’ve been considering this for a couple years\nand am already using the first name in various circles. I’ve chosen a name\nthat suits who I really am and wish to move on from the name that seems to\nhold me back and has some negativity attached. Thank you for sharing your\nexperience. Many Blessings to you.\n\n * Eli\n\nwow..this helped me a lot. I want to change my full name, but I wasn’t sure\nwhat my family would say. and I was thinking is it wrong that I want to change\nmy name? But reading this made realize that there’s nothing wrong. Either way\ni’m the outcast of my family, so yeah. thanks for the blog. 😀\n\n * Tammy\n\nWonderfully inspiring blog post, thank you so much. I am considering changing\nmy name... scratch that, after reading this I have decided on changing my\nname... I will be changing my first and second name but not my surname as I\nhave my husband’s surname and I like it. My name is Tamzen Demelza, I hate it\nand whilst when I think about it I feel it probably represents me (it’s\nabnormal, bizarre, often misunderstood) it doesn’t represent the person I want\nto be. I feel that changing my name will represent my rebirth as a person, and\ntaking ownership of myself back from my abusers.\n\n * Gaia Mix\n\nIt’s called a “stage name”, a lot of theatre people have one. But of course\nnot every Australian (or where you live) would go by a stage name.\n\n * no idea\n\nGreat article. I’m desperately trying to figure out what to change mine to, 5\nmonths after finally deciding to call it a day with my abusive family. My\nparents preferred a son, not a daughter, my mum said she wanted to name me\nAlice but my dad decided it was ‘too girly’ ??? so AliSON was decided probably\nto make up for the son they didn’t have. It sounds so harsh with my surname\nand people are always pronouncing it ‘Alahson’ which grates on me, not to\nmention the variety of spelling versions I have to deal with. My dad called me\nAl like as if I was a middle-aged man. I was ridiculed by them for being\nartistic and sensitive, too soft.. they were always trying to get me to\ntoughen up. I want a name that allows me to be myself and to feel feminine!!\nMy mum’s original thought of Alice or maybe ‘Aliss’ suits my personality\nbetter, and would have been preferable since it sounds softer, but I don’t\nknow if I really like it.\n\nI have always liked the name Rachel, that was what I called my doll as a child\neven though I knew no-one with that name, once I asked myself what my real\nname is and my innerself seemed to whisper ‘Ray-chel’...but then again I may\njust be schizophrenic.\n\n * Emilie\n\nI really enjoyed reading this article and the journey you went through in\norder to choose a new name!\n\n * Ashley Joshua\n\nBrilliantly written Belle, very positive. My mother was going to call me\nDjango till my father stepped in at the last minute.. thinking I would take a\nfair bit of stick growing up, plumping for a far safer and non-gender specific\n‘Ashley’. To be honest the school I went to was pretty rough, so he might have\nhad a point, even so.. think I could of ridden the wave of abuse to the\nproverbial shore with my trunks intact.\n\nI’m 29 now and have made my mind up to go with that original maternal\ninstinct, I think my 30’s will be better for it, was v helpful to hear about\nyour thoughts and experiences can tell you have a lot of heart so that name is\npretty apt.\n\n * Maybe\n\nI’ve been toying with changing my last name for years–I need some separation\nfrom my family. I love them, but I don’t feel tied to them enough to want to\ncarry on their name. I’ve considered options that include my name or part of\nit within it out of respect, but my friends whom I’ve trusted with this\nknowledge seem to just say they “sound really made up.” But I don’t want to\ntake someone else’s name, I just don’t want this one. I thought asking my\nfriends advice would make me more sure of myself, not more conflicted. I’m\nworried about how my other friends/family would take the change.\n\n * Wendy Adelissa Mason\n\nwhen I was young I was always messing around with names, I bought name\ndictionaries and played around with what I thought my kids would be named. for\n5 years one name stuck like glue and wouldn’t go away. To me it was the\nperfect name. Then I got cancer and couldn’t have kids. I thought about using\nsome of my names on pets but it hit me one day, this name is MY name. I use it\nonline and It is a part of me. When a couple friends heard about this they\ntried to use it but it felt weird. It is almost like it is my secret, the best\nme that is inside of the mess that is the me with my birth name, if that makes\nsense. One day I will make it my middle name so anyone that meets me in the\nfuture will know me by the new name (Adelissa)\n\n * Kate Finch\n\nYour comment really touched me. One of the beautiful names I picked out for a\nchild I will never have biologically (as I recently found out I can no longer\nhave children either though for different reasons) I’ve been contemplating the\nidea of using the name for myself as I have wanted to change my name for a\nvery long time now. I am sorry for your loss–but congratulations on being a\ncancer survivor! I think your new name is a beautiful tribute to the child you\ndidn’t get to have and a way of keeping that idea/energy alive in yourself.\nPerhaps if you adopt someday if (that is something that you desire) you can\nstill use your new name, as your future child’s name too. The name on this\npost is one of my online aliases. All the best. Kate\n\n * Sage Donaldson\n\nHello! My name is Sage, and I’m only 16, but I’ve been contemplating a name\nchange when I’m older for about a year now. I already go by my middle name,\nJennifer, as much as possible for a couple reasons. 1) there is no nickname\nfor ‘Sage” that i’ve heard besides “sagie” which I hate, but i do love\nJennifer or the shortened “Jenny”. 2) Sage is becoming a very popular name,\nwhich I dislike quite a bit, as I take much pride in individuality. I hate\nhearing my name in restaurants all the time and turning around to see some\ndumb little kid running to their parent(not the kids fault, i know, but until\nabout two years ago I had never heard of another person names Sage. 3) I think\nit’s just a bit boring and does not represent me as a person. I’m not wise and\nI’m certainly not a furry plant. It’s a beautiful name but it just doesn’t\nfit. I like my middle and last name okay, but the last name is very... blunt?\nI’d probably keep the surname if I were to change my name, but might look into\nalternate spellings, which there are many of for the name Donaldson. I love\nthe name and the Scottish ancestry tied to it, but the current spelling just\nreminds me of Donald Duck. I can’t even imagine wading through the millions of\nnames in the world to find one that fits me though! How did you ever manage\nit? And was it massively expencive to change your name? Thank you, sorry for\nwriting so much, and congrats on your new name! I enjoyed reading your story\nquite a bit!\n\n * tub\n\nThank you so much Beth, I loved reading. Fantastic and a bit scary becasue I’m\ntotally with you on it but I’ve yet to do it! nice one...comment below from\nbob Kim also lovely\n\n * Drew Chandler\n\nIf someone asks about your past, what do you say? Are you open about the\nformer name? The reasons why, I changed my name originally started with\nfeelings of anger at my father. I changed my name to disassociate myself and\nstart a new life apart from the harm he had caused our family. Since then my\nanger has subsided and talking about my past is like a minefield. I like to\nspeak the truth and have a hard time lying. During a conversation I try to\nstay away from the subject of names, but once in a while it comes up and I’m\ncompelled to tell the truth. I have lied about it from time to time and feel\nextremely guilty afterwards. Feelings of guilt are worse then telling the\ntruth. I lied about it today and still thinking about it. The reasons of my\nembarrassment is justified when listeners show signs of disgust in their body\nlanguage and may express is more directly, when I tell the truth. I feel that\nwhen I lie that I’m not true to myself. Can you help me try to see reason to\ncontinue with telling the truth, rather than covering up my past. What is done\nis done. I am who I am and can’t turn back. Creating new relationships is\nharder with a name change, because it is rare and is seen as a transgression\nof family heritage by a lot of people. Most people are not open to the idea. I\ndon’t regret the name change and would do it again, but I only wish it would\nbe easier to deal with when confronted with the topic. BBC or anyone else, let\nme know what you think or feel about this topic.\n\n * jaybird\n\nI am thinking of simply adding my mother’s maiden name to the end of my name.\nI already have her first name as my middle name. She passed away a few years\nago and her maiden name (the best side of my family) is getting lost through\nthe passage of time. I think it’s time to bring it back. So I’m not changing\nso much as augmenting. lol\n\n * http://www.celticanglicanshop.com/ celticanglican\n\nNicely written. I go by the nickname that I took in my teens because I’d\ngotten to a point where my first name irritates me due to personal reasons. It\nseems like getting people to understand that you want to be called whichever\nbecause you don’t want to be called whatever anymore can be the hardest part.\n\n * MasalaChai\n\nI legally changed my name at 41. I was born in the 1970’s and my parents named\nsomething I deem outlandish, no not Rainbow or Clover but something that stuck\nout and was difficult to pronounce which became tiring.\n\nI’ve always been a quiet girl, not someone who likes to draw attention to\nthemselves, shy and a dreamer. I just knew I had to do something about my name\nwhich was a constant source of aggravation to me. I decided to rename myself\nto something traditional and unassuming. Something that didn’t draw attention\nto myself everywhere I went. I’m happy with my new name and even feel better\nreceived by other people with it. People are friendlier and I don’t feel like\nI’m being treated like some kind of oddity as I did with my old name.\n\nIn most states in the US it can make be quite challenging to change your name,\nyou have to jump through a bunch of hoops and costly legal procedures compared\nto the UK or maybe elsewhere. This is one thing I don’t understand when your\nsocial stays the same. Unfortunately due to this, is the reason why it took me\nas long as it did to change my name.\n\nI have to say, If you hate your name change it and who cares what people\nthink, it’s your life and you’re the one who has to live every day of your\nlife with a name that you feel is unsuitable for you, they don’t.\n\n * T\n\nYou can change your name on your social security documents.\nhttp://www.ssa.gov/online/ss-5.pdf — you just need your name change documents.\nI did it recently. For those wondering, you can do it in this order — name\nchange order from court (which includes new birth certificate) — SS card\nchange (I had to go to the place in person to attest that i wasn’t changing it\nto get out of legal obligations or anything fraudulent) — new ID (needed to\npresent name change document, birth certificate, and SS card)\n\n * Desiree\n\nI changed my name too. I regret that I didnt changed it earlier in my life. I\nalways disliked my birthname. Ann-Christine. The name was too long and didnt\nfit me. Now after 40 years I changed it to Desirée. I was never ever\ncomfortable with the other name.\n\n * littlepixie76\n\nI can’t believe someone can write so much on changing their name. Talk about\ngoing on & on\n\n * lea\n\nwell the subject is in fact about namechange.... why do you read it when it\nobviously doesnt interest you ????????\n\n * http://ronnieroswell.tumblr.com Ronnie Roswell\n\nWow I am so glad I found your blog post. I’m 25 years old and since I was 19 I\nhave wanted to change mine. Legally my name is Veronica and while it’s nice at\nthe same time I’ve always felt disassociated from it. People know me as Ronnie\nand like you said in your piece- it doesn’t make sense for the legal name not\nto match up with what you’re called. I barely brought it up to my mom last\nnight and she was a bit hurt by it because it is the name she and my dad gave\nme. Though I’m an adult how is it that I can explain it to them? I know\nnothing I say will make them understand but this is my current dilema. I have\nthe forms I need to sign. Hoping to get it done after graduation.\n\n * Marian Gregory\n\nMy life is back!!! After 8 years of marriage, my husband left me and left me\nwith our three kids. I felt like my life was about to end, and was falling\napart. I contacted Dr. OKORO LOVE SPELL and after I explained my problem, In\njust 3 days my husband came back to us and show me and my kids much love and\napologize for all the pain he have bring to the family. We solved our issues,\nand we are even happier more than ever before Dr. OKORO you are the best spell\ncaster. I really appreciate the love spell you cast for me to get the man back\nto my life i will keep sharing more testimonies to people about your good\nwork. Thank you once again Dr. OKORO. You can also contact Dr. OKORO via email\naddress: dr.okorospelltemple01@gmail.com in case you are in any problem you\ncan contact this man for help he is always there in his temple to help you\nsolve your problem Contact Email is: dr.okorospelltemple01@gmail.com CONTACT\nHIM TODAY VIA THIS EMAIL ADDRESS: dr.okorospelltemple01@gmail.com AS HIS\nPOWERS ARE SO STRONG AND VERY EFFECTIVE AND HAS NO BAD EFFECT INSTEAD IT HAVE\nA VERY GOOD RESULT AFTER CASTING THE SPELL.\n\nDr. OKORO NUMBER: +2348053209149 Contact Dr. OKORO Via email:\ndr.okorospelltemple01@gmail.com\n\n * http://ronnieroswell.tumblr.com Ronnie Roswell\n\nI have a question. How do you explain this sort of thing to family/your\nparents? I’m 25 and have contemplated a name change since I was 19 so it’s not\nsomething I’ve thought of lightly and I never brought it up to them because I\nwanted to be sure myself. Now that I am I’m having a difficult time with my\nparents. My mom blamed herself and said we should have gone to church more. I\nguess with growing up in a good family I don’t know how to make them\nunderstand why I want to change it even though I know my reasons and I’ve\nwritten it down and said it in my head over a hundred times. Any advice would\nbe great. Thanks.\n\n * Marvin\n\nNot sure if it helps but I changed my middle and family names and feel better\nalready. My young teenage kids are not happy with the change but they could do\nwhatever they want when they grow up. Just one thing. Make sure that your new\nname is what you really want cause you don’t want to change it again.\n\n * http://ronnieroswell.tumblr.com Ronnie Roswell\n\nThanks. It’s difficult because I am 25 years old and my parents are alive and\nthey’re truly the best but I’m walking that fine line. My dad has all ready\ntold me that he’s not willing to change the important things such as the names\non their wills, car insurance, etc. My mom is upset as it is over the fact\nthat I put the name Ronnie on my grad. announcements instead of Veronica.\nVeronica just doesn’t suit my personality and who I am. I feel like two\ndifferent people- to which I can’t admit to because then my dad and mom would\nthink I’m crazy.\n\n * Lisa\n\nYou can change your first name to your middle name and then choose the name\nyou want. That way you aren’t losing the name they gave, you’re just adding\nanother one. Also if they still call you by your current name, you can tell\npeople it’s your middle name and you only your family uses it. I can relate my\nmother didn’t want me to change my name since it was a name she really liked.\nShe still calls me my old name but she was ok with the middle name compromise.\n\n * Lisa\n\nSorry about the big pic, I didn’t realize it would be this big.\n\n * James Mack\n\nMy name is Lorna hope, and I base in USA...My life is back!!! After 2 years of\nBroken marriage, my husband left me with two kids . I felt like my life was\nabout to end i almost committed suicide, i was emotionally down for a very\nlong time. Thanks to a spell caster called Dr okunad, which i met online. On\none faithful day, as I was browsing through the internet,I came across allot\nof testimonies about this particular spell caster. Some people testified that\nhe brought their Ex lover back, some testified that he restores womb,cure\ncancer,and other sickness, some testified that he can cast a spell to stop\ndivorce and so on. i also come across one particular testimony,it was about a\nwoman called Sonia,she testified about how he brought back her Ex lover in\nless than 2 days, and at the end of her testimony she dropped Dr okunade-mail\naddress. After reading all these,I decided to give it a try. I contacted him\nvia email and explained my problem to him. In just 48hours, my husband came\nback to me. We solved our issues, and we are even happier than before Dr\nokunad, is really a gifted man and i will not stop publishing him because he\nis a wonderful man... If you have a problem and you are looking for a real and\ngenuine spell caster to solve all your problems for you. Try High\nokunadelovespellcaster@gmail.com anytime, he might be the answer to your\nproblems. Here’s his contact: okunadelovespellcaster@gmail.com\n\n * James Mack\n\nMy Name is Mr James smith .I will love to share my testimony to all the people\nin the forum cos i never thought i will have my girlfriend back and she means\nso much to me..The girl i want to get marry to left me 4 weeks to our weeding\nfor another man..,When i called her she never picked my calls,She deleted me\non her Facebook and she changed her Facebook status from married to\nSingle...when i went to her place of work she told her boss she never want to\nsee me..i lost my job as a result of this cos i cant get myself anymore,my\nlife was upside down and everything did not go smooth with my life...I tried\nall i could do to have her back to all did not work out until i met a Man when\ni Travel to Africa to execute some business have been developing some years\nback..I told him my problem and all have passed through in getting her back\nand how i lost my job...he told me he gonna help me...i don’t believe that in\nthe first place.but he swore he will help me out and he told me the reason why\nmy girlfriend left me and also told me some hidden secrets.i was amazed when i\nheard that from him..he said he will cast a spell for me and i will see the\nresults in the next couple of days..then i travel back to US the following day\nand i called him when i got home and he said he’s busy casting those spells\nand he has bought all the materials needed for the spells,he said am gonna see\npositive results in the next 2 days that is Thursday...My girlfriend called me\nat exactly 12:35pm on Thursday and apologies for all she had done ..she\nsaid,she never knew what she’s doing and her sudden behavior was not\nintentional and she promised not to do that again.it was like am dreaming when\ni heard that from her and when we ended the call,i called the man and told him\nmy wife called and he said i haven’t seen anything yet... he said i will also\nget my job back in 2 days time..and when its Sunday,they called me at my place\nof work that i should resume working on Monday and they gonna compensate me\nfor the time limit have spent at home without working..My life is back into\nshape,i have my girlfriend back and we are happily married now with kids and i\nhave my job back too,This man is really powerful..if we have up to 20 people\nlike him in the world,the world would have been a better place..he has also\nhelped many of my friends to solve many problems and they are all happy\nnow..Am posting this to the forum for anybody that is interested in meeting\nthe man for help.you can mail him on this e-mail;\nairemokhaspellcaster@gmail.com i cant give out his number cos he told me he\ndon’t want to be disturbed by many people across the world..he said his email\nis okay and he’ will replied to any emails asap..hope he helped u out\ntoo..good luck his email;airemokhaspellcaster@gmail.com\n\n * creepyTexan\n\nI accept 100% your right to change your name. Saying that though I do think it\ninteresting to say ” Again, it’s hard to explain how I feel about it to people\nwho see this as something they just couldn’t do.” because if you think about\nit those are the people you will always have to explain too. I also do see it\nas a disregarding of your history and a bit of a FU to your family. But like I\nsaid you have a right to do that. My father changed/shortened our last name\nand I wish I had the old one back.\n\n * james\n\nName is Chelly Harry am from USA,I am here to share this wonderful testimony\nfor what this great man Dr aninato has done for me i have been in a broken\nmarriage for more than 3 years i tried everything possible to bring back my\nfamily together but it was very difficult but i thank Dr aninato for coming to\nchange my story and bringing happiness into my home i came in contact with Dr\naninato when i had a conversation between 2 people how Dr aninato helped them\nin solving there relationship problem and they said wonderful things about Dr\naninato which then i could not resist it then i walked up to them and told\nthem i am having same problem so they smiled and said Dr aninato would sort it\nall which then she gave me Dr aninato contact i called him and explained\neverything to him he just told me not to worry and asked me for some details\nwhich i sent to him and he told me that within 48 hours my lover would call me\nand apologies to me then i kept my hope high believe me before the 48 hours\ncompleted was a call from Dick Harry was shocked and when i showed my kids the\ncall coming in they all where happy my lover came back home and went on his\nknees to beg my kids and i it so wonderful that i could smile and by tomorrow\nwe are having a family reunion party am so happy all thanks to Dr aninato a if\nyou have any kind of relationship problem contact Dr aninato on\njehotemple@hotmail.com\n\n * S. Crespo\n\nI greatly enjoyed reading your blog post. I’m another one of those who\ndecided, at the age of 26, to legally change my name, and it was interesting\nto hear another story of someone who changed theirs simply for personal\nreasons.\n\nI hated my last name, Pompeo, ever since I was a child. I thought it sounded\nhorrible, and so did my own mother, but out of respect to her husband, she\ndidn’t keep her maiden name. I was ridiculed in school many times because of\nit as a child, and ever since I was a little boy, I told people I would change\nmy name. They used to make a joke out of it, saying, “oh, really? you mean\nwhen you’re 18 you’ll go to court?” (My child’s mind was like, “tennis court?\nbadminton court?” I had no clue, naturally.) When I became old enough,\nhowever, I did research the legal process, and found that in my home state of\nNew York, it’s not that difficult, so long as you’re willing to sweat out a\nlittle red tape.\n\nI chose the last name Crespo. I met somebody what that name three years ago,\nand I absolutely fell in love with it. It was so perfect. I felt like it fit\nme more than any other name ever would. I asked a good friend of mine, a\nlifelong friend, to be brutally honest about what he thought of the idea. He\nsaid that he, personally, actually liked Pompeo better, and felt that I\nshouldn’t run to the courthouse all on a sudden whim. He told me to give it 6\nmonths, and if then I still felt the same way, by all means go ahead and do\nit. Sure enough, 6 months later, I only wanted to be a Crespo even more.\n\nI am Catholic, and when I received Confirmation at the age of 12, my mother\ninsisted I choose “Anthony” as my Confirmation name, in honor of my\ngrandfather who died while she was pregnant with me. My mother loved and\nrespected her father so much that she chose Anthony as my middle name as well.\nI didn’t like having the “double Anthony”, and not by choice, so I chose to\nchange my middle name to Simon. I loved it as a first name, and it reminds me\nof my favorite singer and entertainer of all-time, Paul Simon. So my\nconfirmation name is still Anthony, in my grandfather’s honor; that’s\nsomething that can’t be changed.\n\nI liked my first name, Steven, after my father. However, my mother didn’t want\nme to be a “junior”, so she spelled my name differently from my father’s,\nStephen. I decided to change my own name to my father’s spelling, so that he\nwouldn’t be able to say I was throwing him under the bus by ditching his\nfamily name. I thought keeping my first name (which my parents chose, and in\nmy father’s spelling), and my Confirmation name (which my mother chose), and\ngetting rid of my last name (which my parents didn’t choose) would keep them\nfrom taking it personal and seeing it as an act of rebellion. Really, the\nnames they picked stayed with me!\n\nAnd so I went from Steven Anthony Pompeo to Stephen Simon Crespo.\n\n * Emiliano Babarah\n\nOh my God, I’m so glad to tell everyone the real thing that happen to me...My\nname is EMILIANO BABARAH. If i refuse to share this testimony it means i am\nselfish to my self and to people i love so much whom might have similar\nproblems, March 16th about something 7:23pm after taken our dinner my husband\ngot crazy started calling a lady name Melisa I love you, i was so mad and\nstarted crying like a baby...then my husband left home for the idiot called\nMelisa, and never return back home then i believed when he uthen nderstand his\nself he will surly come back to apology, but instead he left me So i\ncomplained to my friend she told me she was having such problems in her\nmarriage until she was introduce to DR ORIOMON who specializes in bringing\nback broken homes and broken marriages DR ORIOMON cast a spell for me in May\n4th surprisingly my husband came home May 6th apologizing that i should\nforgive him that it will never happen again, i was so glad and gave the thanks\nto DR ORIOMON who save my marriage, if you are having similar problem you can\ncontact him and His email address is (oriomonspiritualtemple@yahoo.com) you\ncan still save your marriage if u really love your husband.\n\nThanks EMILIANO BABARAH_USA\n\n * Melissa parker\n\nIt is truly a nice and helpful piece of information you just shared this\nuseful information with us. Thank you. unsecured loans bad credit\n\n * Olivia H.\n\nHello, I am from the Philippines and I’d like to change my name wholly. It is,\nhowever, not allowed in our country unless it is a clerical error like an\nobvious misspell. If I legally change my name to where you did it, would it\nmatter if I was a foreigner?\n\n * Melissa Lopez Melissa Lopez\n\nMy Name is melissa lopez i have a testimony to say; I have been married for\nfive years without any child, nor pregnancy and so i became very sad and lost\nhope in life because my doctor told me there is no way for me to get pregnant\nand this really make life so hard for me and this made my husband to turn away\nfrom me. My sister in-law told me about DR EKPEN from the Internet, how he has\nhelped people with this similar problem that i am going through so i contacted\nhim and explained to him. He told me not to worry and that everything we soon\nbe okay. He cast a spell and it was a miracle, to my greatest surprise three\ndays later my husband came back to apologize for all he has done and told me\nhe is fully ready to support me in any thing i want,few months later i got\npregnant and gave birth to twins (girls) we are now a happy family. Thanks to\nDR EKPEN for saving my relationship and for also helping others too. continue\nyour good work, If you are interested to contact DR EKPEN for your solution\nnow EMAIL him at ( ekpenlovetemple@gmail.com) for any help you want him to do\nfor you. Thank you Great DR. once again and may your gods reward you for your\ngood deeds. ekpenlovetemple@gmail.com\n\n * Maryann Gabany\n\nHow long did everything take? The paperwork, everything being changed to your\nnew name?\n\n * Lisa\n\nI have an idea of why people call you Beth. Beth is normally a nickname or\nshortened version of Elizabeth. It’s rarely on it’s own, so as middle names\nare usually not shortened, maybe people accidentally see it as a part of your\nfirst name- such as Maryann/Mary Ann or Peggy Sue, Mary Pat... just a thought.\nI’m going to change my name- or probably just my last. I dislike my last name\nand want to change it for many reasons. I might make my first the long version\n(It is Lisa, so I might make it Elizabeth and still use Lisa). It was\ninteresting hearing your experiences. The last name is a nearly impossible\nchoice. I want something whimsical, that sounds English, 2-4 syllables and\nunique. That’s a nearly endless list of choices! So it’s taking me a long\ntime. I only want to change it once.... plus it’s $500 here.\n\n * Malcolm McKay\n\nDid your parents leave you out of their ‘will’ for disinheriting their name? I\nthink I would. My daughter has just changed her last name and I’m currently\ngutted. By pure coincidence, my last name is McKay. lol\n\n * Elizabeth Eyre\n\nThank you so much for this blog! I am undergoing changing only my last name to\na new one as I am about to be divorced and i never liked my maiden name. At\nfirst I tried to discuss it and bounce ideas off friends but most of them\ndon’t understand why it’s so significant for me to be able to choose my own\nname :-/ most of them keep telling me to either leave it alone or change it\nback to my maiden name. the ones who say to keep my married name have said\nthat it’s because i need to keep the same name as my children but i don’t\nbelieve in this day and age it’s that important. ah well. again thank you so\nmuch for this blog. although it has tripped me out a little bit because i\nswear my old preschool teacher mr mackay had a daughter with your name lol!\nsigning off with my soon to be new name!\n\n * IreOnFire\n\nMy name is Ireland. And i absolutely hate it. Who names someone after a\ncountry? I really want to change it, but it just seems weird...\n\n * http://pennygrace.blogspot.com Penny Grace\n\nYou can change it...what name have you always wanted, that fits your\ncharacter?\n\n * honey\n\nHello, I’ve already read this before but then i just had the courage to wrote\nhere i dont really like my real name that if someone would call me with that I\ngot irritated in short it was like i was in hell at school.. I think it really\naffects me As wen i grow old and I was on the stage of changing it legally but\nits a tiring process and if I sit it there all they can change is my name in\nbirth cert. and my other documents i still have to work for it ..so I was\nthinking that if I’ve already change my birth cert name different name wid my\nother papers I have to explain it all over that it just torture me to death\nand just complicate my life more..now I’m losing hope that i can change it and\nplus I feel guilty when some one ask me or how to explain to my family and\nrelatives\n\n * Sue\n\nThanks for posting this, it’s really nice to know other people out there are\nconsidering doing this (or in your case, have already done it!). I’ve lived my\nentire life LOATHING the sound of my name. I don’t have a clue why, but my\nskin actually crawls when people say my name. Since I was very young I dreamed\nof changing my name, but the fear of being criticized for wanting a change\nlike that has kept me from doing it. How can you possible explain “I\nabsolutely hate my name and don’t know why”. No one (even myself!) would\nunderstand. I was so happy when I changed my last name when I got married.\nHowever, I’m divorced now, so I no longer care for that name, and I never\ncared for my maiden name, so perhaps its time to simply start from scratch!\nSorry to go on and on, but I just now saw this post and had to comment. I hope\nyou are enjoying your life with your new name!\n\n * britney\n\nMy husband has abandon me and the kids for the the past 8months now, and\nrefuse to come back because he was hold on by a woman whom he just met, for\nthat, my self and the kids has been suffering and it has been heel of a\nstruggle, but I decide to do all means to make sure that my family come\ntogether as it use to, then I went online there I saw so many good talk about\nthis spell caster whose email is LAVENDERLOVESPELL@YAHOO.com so I had to\ncontact him and in just 4days as he has promised, my husband came home and his\nbehavior was back to the man I got married to.I cant thank the spell caster\nenough what what he did for me, I am so grateful. I even spoke to the spell\ncaster over the phone, to confirm his existence. His email again is:\nLAVENDERLOVESPELL@YAHOO.com\n\n * Lilly\n\nI want to change my name but I’m still a minor, my parents said if I change it\nthen they won’t help pay for college. My name is hard to pronounce we live in\na southern state so people pronounce it Lilly-Ann instead of lil-e-un and the\nspelling of my name is awful. Lillyan Alleece blech\n\n * Rachel Rowe\n\nOMG I feel for you. Those are weird spellings. Maybe stick it out if they are\ngoing to be that petty then change it as soon as you’ve graduated as a\ngraduation present to yourself!!\n\n * Cindy\n\nI ordered your break them up and return my lover spell last week and I just\nwanted to drop you a quick email to let you know it worked! I’m so happy that\nMarvin and I are back in one another’s lives and Samantha is out of the\npicture...finally! Your spell work and attention to my situation are both\nequally amazing. I can’t thank you enough for all your hard efforts. Thanks\nagain: Re_unifyexlove@outlook.com\n\n * Amber Richardson\n\nI found your article when I Googled “Why do you hate your name” trying to find\nthe physiology behind it. — I’ve wanted a different name since I can remember.\nAt school when filling out the name section on papers, I always prayed for a\ndifferent name. It just doesn’t represent or fit who I am. Like you I have no\nattachment to the name & have an uncommon relationship with my family.\n\nI’ve dropped my last name from being used. My friends all know me by my first\n& middle, but I even feel that is not who I am.\n\nThen after reading the book Freakanomics; I also found out my name is the #1\nname for low income/low educated parents. I’ve spent my life thus far trying\nto overcome & rise above my parents, who held me back & sheltered me my entire\nlife. I’ve since done things that they told me I could never do. I love them\nas people & wouldn’t be changing my name to prove anything to them, but to\nagain rise above the ashes & take in the life I have created for myself.\n\nLike Bob Kim mentioned on here, “in the arts you do it (mark twain) changing\nyour name is marking an epoch making metamorphosis.”\n\n * Rose Dickson\n\nGreat Thanks to Dr ehicare for helping me when i needed help. My name is Rose\nDickson from Canada I never believe in love spells until I experience Dr. DR\nehicare temple, and after he cast a love spell for me\n\nmy Ex called me to apologize for the pain that he has caused me and till today\nwe are living a happy family, if you need a right place to solve your problems\ncontact DR ehicarespelltemple@gmail.com is the right choice. he is a great man\nthat have been casting spells with years of experience, he cast spells for\ndifferent purposes like: (1)If you want your ex back. (2) if you always have\nbad dreams. (3)You want to be promoted in your office. (4)You want women/ men\nto run after you.\n\n(5)If you want a child. (6)[You want to be rich. (7)You want to tie your\nhusband/wife to be yours forever.\n\n(8)If you need financial assistance. (9)Herbal care Contact him today on:\ndrehicarespelltemple@gmail.com or call him on these number +2347037098000.\n\n * Trucker Stacey\n\nMy name is tucker stacey.This is a very joyful day of my life because of the\nhelp Dr.Trust has rendered to me by helping me get my ex husband back with his\nmagic and love spell. i was married for 6 years and it was so terrible because\nmy husband was really cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce but when i\ncame across Dr.Trust email on the internet on how he help so many people to\nget thier ex back and help fixing relationship.and make people to be happy in\ntheir relationship. i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but\nto my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case and here\ni am now celebrating because my Husband has change totally for good. He always\nwant to be by me and can not do anything without my present. i am really\nenjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on\nthe internet because Dr.Trust is truly a real spell caster. DO YOU NEED HELP\nTHEN CONTACT DOCTOR TRUST NOW VIA EMAIL: Ultimatespellcast@yahoo.com or call\n+2348156885231 or ultimatespellcast@gmail.com. He is the only answer to your\nproblem and make you feel happy in your relationship\n\n * Trucker Stacey\n\nMy name is tucker stacey.This is a very joyful day of my life because of the\nhelp Dr.Trust has rendered to me by helping me get my ex husband back with his\nmagic and love spell. i was married for 6 years and it was so terrible because\nmy husband was really cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce but when i\ncame across Dr.Trust email on the internet on how he help so many people to\nget thier ex back and help fixing relationship.and make people to be happy in\ntheir relationship. i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but\nto my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case and here\ni am now celebrating because my Husband has change totally for good. He always\nwant to be by me and can not do anything without my present. i am really\nenjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on\nthe internet because Dr.Trust is truly a real spell caster. DO YOU NEED HELP\nTHEN CONTACT DOCTOR TRUST NOW VIA EMAIL: Ultimatespellcast@yahoo.com or call\n+2348156885231 or ultimatespellcast@gmail.com. He is the only answer to your\nproblem and make you feel happy in your relationship. .\n\n * Trucker Stacey\n\nMy name is tucker stacey.This is a very joyful day of my life because of the\nhelp Dr.Trust has rendered to me by helping me get my ex husband back with his\nmagic and love spell. i was married for 6 years and it was so terrible because\nmy husband was really cheating on me and was seeking for a divorce but when i\ncame across Dr.Trust email on the internet on how he help so many people to\nget thier ex back and help fixing relationship.and make people to be happy in\ntheir relationship. i explained my situation to him and then seek his help but\nto my greatest surprise he told me that he will help me with my case and here\ni am now celebrating because my Husband has change totally for good. He always\nwant to be by me and can not do anything without my present. i am really\nenjoying my marriage, what a great celebration. i will keep on testifying on\nthe internet because Dr.Trust is truly a real spell caster. DO YOU NEED HELP\nTHEN CONTACT DOCTOR TRUST NOW VIA EMAIL: Ultimatespellcast@yahoo.com or call\n+2348156885231 or ultimatespellcast@gmail.com. He is the only answer to your\nproblem and make you feel happy in your relationship. ....\n\n * Jones Nicole\n\nMy name is Jones Nicole from Illinois in USA. Am here to testify of a great\nand powerful spell caster named DR KALA of kalalovespell@gmail.com I was so\nconfused and devastated when my boy friend left me for another girl. I needed\nhim back desperately because i loved him so much. So i contacted this great\nspell caster for a help. He helped me cast a return love spell on him and just\nwithin 2 days my boyfriend came back to me crying and begging for my\nforgiveness. I want to recommend this great spell caster to anyone that truly\nneeds an urgent solution to a love break up. Simply contact the great DR KALA\nvia email: KALALOVESPELL@GMAIL.COM\n\n * Jones Nicole\n\nAfter being in relationship with my husband for nine years,he broke up with\nme, I did everything possible to bring him back but all was in vain, I wanted\nhim back so much because of the love I have for him, I begged him with\neverything, I made promises but he refused. I explained my problem to someone\nonline and she suggested that I should rather contact a spell caster that\ncould help me cast a spell to bring him back but I am the type that never\nbelieved in spell, I had no choice than to try it, I mailed the spell caster,\nand he told me there was no problem that everything will be okay before three\ndays, that my ex will return to me before three days, he cast the spell and\nsurprisingly in the second day, it was around 4pm. My ex called me, I was so\nsurprised, I answered the call and all he said was that he was so sorry for\neverything that happened, that he wanted me to return to him, that he loves me\nso much. I was so happy and went to him, that was how we started living\ntogether happily again. Since then, I have made promise that anybody I know\nthat have a relationship problem, I would be of help to such person by\nreferring him or her to the only real and powerful spell caster who helped me\nwith my own problem and who is different from all the fake ones out there.\nAnybody could need the help of the spell caster, his email is\n(LAVENDERLOVESPELL@YAHOO.COM } tel.+2347053977842) you can email him if you\nneed his assistance in your relationship or anything.\n\n * http://pennygrace.blogspot.com Penny Grace\n\nI have just recently filled out the paper work for changing my middle name. My\nparents tried to get fancy and give me a made up French middle name and came\nup with LeAnne. It’s supposed to be pronounced Ley-ahn but being an American\nevery single time its pronounced Lee-Ann...you know cause it’s spelled that\nway. I’ve told my parents on many occasion how horrible a name it is.\n\nI almost never spell out my full middle name on documents unless specified and\nI cringe every time I hear it “Lee-ANNE”.\n\nI am going to mail my petition to the court to have it changed to Laila. It’s\nsoft and youthful like me!\n\n * yogurt\n\nYour original name was better\n\n * stella kyes\n\nI want to appreciation to Dr.Kasee of ONIMALOVESPELL@GMAIL.COM for bringing\nback my husband who left me and the kids for almost 2 years. i never taught i\nwould get him back untill i saw a comment online about dr.agbazara and i\ncontacted him, after following all instruction given to me by Dr.Kasee, my\nhusband came back begging for forgiveness within the space of 48hours. Thanks\ndoctor your spell is really great. For those of you who have\nmarriage/relationship problem should contacct him for hel via\nonimalovespell@gmail.com . And experience it your self.\n\n * Alice\n\nAM HAPPY MY LOVER IS WITH ME AGAIN, THANKS TO DR ABULU\n\nhello my name is Alice Tugas from Canada i want you all to join me to thank\nthis man for restoring my relationship with my ex lover who dump me for\nanother girl for 5 months, at first i never believed Dr Abulu will be able to\nhelp me win Emerson back from this other girl but because i still love him and\nneed him in my life i work and follow his instruction and it surprise me that\nafter working with he Emerson called me and ask me to forgive and forget the\npast that he still love me and that was how me and my man came back for good\nand we are planing our wedding by November so with this great work done for me\nby DR ABULU of abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com i promise to always share his\ngood work to the whole wide world and if any body is out there passing through\nany relationship difficulties should kindly contact him via\nemail;abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com website;abuluspiritualtemple.webs.com\n\n * Alice\n\nAM HAPPY MY LOVER IS WITH ME AGAIN, THANKS TO DR ABULU\n\nhello my name is Alice Tugas from Canada i want you all to join me to thank\nthis man for restoring my relationship with my ex lover who dump me for\nanother girl for 5 months, at first i never believed Dr Abulu will be able to\nhelp me win Emerson back from this other girl but because i still love him and\nneed him in my life i work and follow his instruction and it surprise me that\nafter working with he Emerson called me and ask me to forgive and forget the\npast that he still love me and that was how me and my man came back for good\nand we are planing our wedding by November so with this great work done for me\nby DR ABULU of abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com i promise to always share his\ngood work to the whole wide world and if any body is out there passing through\nany relationship difficulties should kindly contact him via\nemail;abuluspiritualtemple@gmail.com website;abuluspiritualtemple.webs.com\n\n * Family Girl\n\nSorry to say, but I want to be as honest as I can be . I do not like the name\nyou changed to one bit. It does not roll off the tongue like your original\nname does. It seems you were more interested in being “cute” or “witty” than\nyou were in whether or not your parents would be hurt by this. This kind of\nattitude will leave a trail of hurt feelings all over the place. Not just that\nyou changed your name, but that you want so much to be “different” and\n“unique” that other peoples feelings don’t matter. If you had been abused in\nsome way or your family had been so dysfunctional that for your own sanity you\nneeded to change your name and association with them, that would be one thing.\nWe have families for a reason. I don’t hang around with all of my family all\nthe time but I love them dearly, all of them. Even if I don’t love their\npersonality, I still love them, because they are family. Maybe you need some\nhelp to understand why you think you are too good for your own family. This is\nnot natural.\n\n * Rachel Rowe\n\nWhat an insulting and ignorant post – particularly the ending. Many cultures\nthoroughout history have seen people take on a new name when they went through\nsome kind of spiritual change. It is covered in the Bible, native American\ntradition and modern Europe – the famous German spiritual teacher Eckhart\nTolle changed his first name aged 29 after deciding to focus on a spiritual\nrather than an intellectual way of life. It is often nothing to do with family\nand in her respect I suspect it definitely isn’t; she is just trying to find\nherself and frankly good luck to her!!\n\n * nikky\n\nWhy is it that people like DR EZIZA that are genuine are hard to find. After i\nhave searching for help for almost all the corner of this life concerning my\nmarriage and all to no avail it was Dr EZIZA that finally helped me out,he\nwiped away all the agony i was going through with my lover and stop the\ndivorce he was planning. Any one out there who beleives all is over in his/her\nmarriage contact DR EZIZA on ezizaoguntemple@gmail.com or +2348058176289 and\njoin those that are happy through his handwork.\n\n * Raychel Wild\n\nBelle is nice. I do think however that just ‘Beth Cooper’ seems to suit your\nface particularly well; I would probably call you ‘Beth’ if I were to know you\nin person as well. I am in the process of changing my surname to ‘Wild’ as my\nfather who gave me the surname Rowe has never wanted me and his father never\nwanted him either – so he in turn rejected me I guess...for a long time I was\nsad but now I feel like I am wild and free to be who I want. ”Rowe’ is often\nmispelled as ‘Roe’ and I am ignored when I protest; maybe I would be willing\nto keep doing it if a man who loved me had given it to me but my father has no\nlove for me only resentment it seems..,\n\nAlso ‘Wild’ is a traditional name given to people in Britain who were orphans\nwho had no clear patronage or family so I only following tradition! At the\nsame time I am going to change my first name – see my comment 4 months ago\ntitled ‘no idea’. God Bless xxx\n\n# Actionable social media advice. Delivered daily.\n\n## Join 42,023 good-looking folks who get our latest content first :)\n\nMore social media results in less time: It's possible with Buffer! Share\ncontent from anywhere online, manage multiple accounts, collaborate with team\nmembers, and see which posts perform best.\n\nSchedule your first post now! Learn More\n\n * Buffer for Business\n * The Awesome Plan\n * Email Us\n * FAQ\n * About\n * Blog\n * Buffer Culture\n * Jobs\n * More...\n\n * Developers\n * Apps\n * Help Guides\n * Password Reset\n * Feedback\n * Privacy & Terms\n * Security\n * Press\n * © 2015\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.bbc.com:80/news/blogs-magazine-monitor-23790148",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150215121502/http://www.bbc.com:80/news/blogs-magazine-monitor-23790148",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How do people who change gender choose a name?",
"passages": [
"Bradley Manning wants to begin hormone therapy and live as a woman named Chelsea. So how do people who change gender go about finding a name that's right, asks Tom Geoghegan.",
"Not many people have to pick their own name. Your parents do it for you. You can grumble about it, you can hate it but you have two people to blame.",
"Adults who switch do so for many reasons, but for those changing gender, the name is an expression of something more profound - a new identity. And that means the stakes are higher.",
"Krista Whipple didn't get it right first time. Her first chosen name, Kaitlyn Taylor, reflected two things - the pressure to get away from her birth name, Benjamin Whipple, and a desire to be one of the masses.",
"\"I researched common baby names from around the time I was born because I felt I could 'hide' easier if I was one of tens, hundreds or even thousands.\"",
"That name became a \"safety net\" for her, used online in forums and social media. She was still known as her birth name to people she knew. But years later, when she began therapy and started telling friends about it, she came across a more suitable name, in a sudden and unexpected way.",
"\"The time came for me to tell my father, who I feared rejection from the most,\" says Krista, president of the Gender Identity Center of Colorado. \"We had the conversation and an apparent miracle occurred - my dad not only supported me, but he surprised me a step further when he told me, had I been born a girl, my name would have been Krista.",
"\"It was at that point that the second name revolution occurred and that name has stuck with me ever since. I truly believed it was my name by right as I had been born a girl, albeit not in the physical sense.\"",
"The relief was indescribable, she says, and it became apparent how forced and unnatural her first chosen name had been, although there were also bitter moments because she felt her true name had been given 33 years late.",
"Some people choose by instinct - they know who they want to be and who they feel they are, says Joan King of The Gender Trust in the UK. But others agonise about what's right for them. Very masculine or feminine names are popular for those who want to make a strong statement.",
"An undergraduate project in Boston that looked into transgender names found that some people made very subtle changes that did not depart radically from their past - Charlotte became Charlie and Thaylor became Taylor.",
"This page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS) enabled. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your current browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience. Please consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS) if you are able to do so."
]
},
"parsed_md": "BBC News - How do people who change gender choose a name?\n\n## Accessibility links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to local navigation\n * Accessibility Help\n\n## BBC iD\n\nSign in\n\n## BBC navigation\n\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * Earth\n * Future\n * Shop\n * TV\n * Radio\n * More...\n\n## Magazine Monitor\n\n * Home\n * US & Canada\n * Latin America\n * UK\n * Africa\n * Asia\n * Australia\n * Europe\n * Mid-East\n * Business\n * Health\n * Sci/Environment\n * Tech\n * Entertainment\n * Video\n\n22 August 2013 Last updated at 20:55 ET\n\n### Share this page\n\n * Delicious\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n * reddit\n * StumbleUpon\n * Twitter\n * Email\n * Print\n\n# How do people who change gender choose a name?\n\nMagazine Monitor A collection of cultural artefacts\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n## More from the Monitor\n\n * 10 things we didn't know last week\n * Weekendish: The best of the week's reads\n * Go Figure: The week in numbers\n * The Magazine in full\n\nBradley Manning wants to begin hormone therapy and live as a woman named\nChelsea. So how do people who change gender go about finding a name that's\nright, asks Tom Geoghegan.\n\nNot many people have to pick their own name. Your parents do it for you. You\ncan grumble about it, you can hate it but you have two people to blame.\n\nAdults who switch do so for many reasons, but for those changing gender, the\nname is an expression of something more profound - a new identity. And that\nmeans the stakes are higher.\n\nKrista Whipple didn't get it right first time. Her first chosen name, Kaitlyn\nTaylor, reflected two things - the pressure to get away from her birth name,\nBenjamin Whipple, and a desire to be one of the masses.\n\n\"I researched common baby names from around the time I was born because I felt\nI could 'hide' easier if I was one of tens, hundreds or even thousands.\"\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n## “Start Quote\n\n> I truly believed it was my name by right ”\n\nEnd Quote Krista Whipple\n\nThat name became a \"safety net\" for her, used online in forums and social\nmedia. She was still known as her birth name to people she knew. But years\nlater, when she began therapy and started telling friends about it, she came\nacross a more suitable name, in a sudden and unexpected way.\n\n\"The time came for me to tell my father, who I feared rejection from the\nmost,\" says Krista, president of the Gender Identity Center of Colorado. \"We\nhad the conversation and an apparent miracle occurred - my dad not only\nsupported me, but he surprised me a step further when he told me, had I been\nborn a girl, my name would have been Krista.\n\n\"It was at that point that the second name revolution occurred and that name\nhas stuck with me ever since. I truly believed it was my name by right as I\nhad been born a girl, albeit not in the physical sense.\"\n\nThe relief was indescribable, she says, and it became apparent how forced and\nunnatural her first chosen name had been, although there were also bitter\nmoments because she felt her true name had been given 33 years late.\n\nSome people choose by instinct - they know who they want to be and who they\nfeel they are, says Joan King of The Gender Trust in the UK. But others\nagonise about what's right for them. Very masculine or feminine names are\npopular for those who want to make a strong statement.\n\nAn undergraduate project in Boston that looked into transgender names found\nthat some people made very subtle changes that did not depart radically from\ntheir past - Charlotte became Charlie and Thaylor became Taylor.\n\nYou can follow the Magazine on Twitter and on Facebook\n\n## More on This Story\n\n### More from the Monitor\n\n * ##### 10 things we didn't know last week\n\nPolice horses in one English force can't be called Brian, and more news\nnuggets\n\n * ##### Weekendish: The best of the week's reads\n\nA collection of some of the best reads from the BBC News website this week.\n\n * ##### Go Figure: The week in numbers\n\n#### But there's more\n\n * ##### The Magazine in full\n\n### Related Internet links\n\n * Gender Identity Center of Colorado\n\nThe BBC is not responsible for the content of external Internet sites\n\n### Share this page\n\n * Delicious\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n * reddit\n * StumbleUpon\n * Twitter\n * Email\n * Print\n\n## Follow us\n\n * ### Magazine on Twitter\n\nYou can follow the latest updates on Twitter\n\n * ### ...and on Facebook\n\nYou can also become a fan of the Magazine on Facebook\n\n## Our archive\n\n * ### And previously\n\nClick here to read older posts from our blog\n\n## Elsewhere on the BBC\n\n * ### Heart and head\n\nFalling in love – and suffering a broken heart – have some powerful effects on\nthe body\n\n## Programmes\n\n * ### Click Watch\n\nSir Paul McCartney on how technology has changed music-making\n\n## Services\n\n * Mobile\n * Connected TV\n * News feeds\n * Alerts\n * E-mail news\n\n## About BBC News\n\n * Editors' blog\n * BBC College of Journalism\n * News sources\n * Media Action\n * Editorial Guidelines\n\n## BBC links\n\n * * Mobile site\n * Terms of Use\n * About the BBC\n * * Advertise With Us\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility Help\n * * Ad Choices\n * Cookies\n * Contact the BBC\n * * Parental Guidance\n\nCopyright © 2015 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\nsites. Read more.\n\nThis page is best viewed in an up-to-date web browser with style sheets (CSS)\nenabled. While you will be able to view the content of this page in your\ncurrent browser, you will not be able to get the full visual experience.\nPlease consider upgrading your browser software or enabling style sheets (CSS)\nif you are able to do so.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.hipplanet.com/books/atoz/names.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416100732/http://www.hipplanet.com/books/atoz/names.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Hippies From A to Z by Skip Stone",
"passages": [
"We started the Hippy Names page on Hippyland because someone wanted a hippy name for their baby. We put up a Question of the Week asking for names. The response was overwhelming. The following list was compiled in a short period and is typical, but no way a complete list of hippy names.",
"If you're looking for a name for your baby or you just want one for your new identity there's hundreds here from Ashley to Ziggy. There's a Rainbow of names stretching from Chelsea to China. From Dawn to Dusk in Winter or Summer these hippy names are fun!",
"Many parents name their children after great people. Certainly a child named Jerry or Janis, Marley or Lennon will carry proudly the namesake of someone who left behind a unique legacy.",
"Many popular hippy names derive from nature, like Sky, Sunshine or Rain. Some names with heavy meaning come from India like Chakra, Dharma or Om. Other names Echo the hippy philosophy of Peace, Love and Freedom."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Hippy Names - Hippies From A to Z by Skip Stone\n\nHippies from A to Z by Skip Stone\n\nHippy Names\n\nWe started the Hippy Names page on Hippyland because someone wanted a hippy\nname for their baby. We put up a Question of the Week asking for names. The\nresponse was overwhelming. The following list was compiled in a short period\nand is typical, but no way a complete list of hippy names.\n\nIf you're looking for a name for your baby or you just want one for your new\nidentity there's hundreds here from Ashley to Ziggy. There's a Rainbow of\nnames stretching from Chelsea to China. From Dawn to Dusk in Winter or Summer\nthese hippy names are fun!\n\nMany parents name their children after great people. Certainly a child named\nJerry or Janis, Marley or Lennon will carry proudly the namesake of someone\nwho left behind a unique legacy.\n\nMany popular hippy names derive from nature, like Sky, Sunshine or Rain. Some\nnames with heavy meaning come from India like Chakra, Dharma or Om. Other\nnames Echo the hippy philosophy of Peace, Love and Freedom.\n\nWe don't separate the names by sex, as many are obvious, and those that are\nnot can be either.\n\n|\n\nHippy Names - Alphabetically\n\nAïsha Alice Alishia Allegra Alma Amanda Andromeda Angel Angelica Ariel Ashley\nAthena Augie August Aurora Autumn Avery Azura Basil Begonia Belou Blaze\nBlossom Blu Blue Brandon Breanna Breeze Breezeann Breezy Brianna Briget Brisa\nBud Burgundy Butterfly Buzz Cady Canuma Capucine Carmel Carmen Casey Cassidy\nCassiopia Celeste Chakra Chana Charity Chelsea Cherish China Chloe Christian\nClayton Cloe Cloey Cloud Clover Coral Coriander Cosmic Coyote Crimson Crystal\nCyress Daisie Daisy Dakota Dancer Danna Dawn Daydream Dazy Deja Delia Delilah\nDeLorean Desert Destiny Dezra Dharma Doobie Dude Dusk Dylan Earth Echo Eclipse\nEmber Emerald\n\n| Emmanuel Ethan Evaan Faith Feather Feelfree Felicity Fern Fillmore Flight\nFlow Flower Floyd Free Freedom Garcia Georgia Gia Grace Gretta Hail Hailey\nHaley Hanna Hannah Harmony Heady Heart Heather Holly Honesty Honey Hope Indica\nIris Jaco Jade Jan Janis Jasmine Jay Jaya Jazzerus Jerry Jewel John Joplin\nJorma Journey Journey Joy Julia June Justice Kami Karma Kassia Kaya Keenak\nKelsey Korin Kukka Kyle Kyley Land Lavender Layna Leary Lennon Lenzee Liberty\nLief Light Lilly Logan Lolita Love Lucy Luna Lylee Lyric Madrah Magnolia Mandy\nManu Marigold Marley Matthew May Maya Meadow Melody Micha Mirakel Mist| Moon\nMoonjava Moonshine Morning Moss Natura Nico Nug Ocean Om Opal Orian Paisley\nPapers Patches Patchouli Peace Peaceful Petal Phoebe Pink Promise Prosperity\nPrudence Quentin Quincy Quinn Rain Raina Rainbow Raine Rainey Rana Rayne Rayon\nRenee Revelation Revolution Rex Rhiannon River Rose Rufus Ryvre (River) Sadie\nSaffron Sage Sapphire Sativa Scarlett Seashawna Sebastian Secret Seed Serena\nSerenity Shadow Shalom Shannon Shanti Sky Skye Skylar Skyler Smiles Snowphish\nSoul Spirit Star Starbright Stardust Starla Starlight Starr Starshine Stone\nStorm Sugar Sugree Summer Sun Sunburst Sunflower Sunny Sunray Sunshine Sunstar\nTalia Terra Thyme Timothy Topaz Tranquilla Trent Trey|\n\nTrinity Tuesday Tyler Understanding Violet Vishnu Welcome Wildwind Willow Wind\nWindsong Winter Xavier Yuna Zachary Zen Zennia Zeyla Ziggy Zoe Zoey Zora\n\nCombination Names\n\nAstral Plane Aurora Ashton Autumn Flowers Balbo Shrooms Biebo Suncloud Brian\nJoseph Lane Burgundy Skye Chasidy Rainbow Marie Chelsea Morning China Rose\nCloud Flower Clover Deva Cosmic River Crimson Rainbow Crystal Dove Crystal\nRain Dakota Rain Dylan Alexander Ember Rose Georgia Rain Griffen Liberty\nHolidais Peace Ilia Raye Jacob Elton Michael Lennon Karma Little Flower Marie\nJuana Mary Juanita Maryjane Miccah Sunrise Michael Rainbow Moon Beam Moon\nDance Moon Love Mountain Girl New Sage Nico Blue Nite Smile Ocean Blue Ocean\nBreezes Ocean Lilly Peaceful Willow Rain Dancer Rainbow Rose Rainbow Sky\nRainbow Star Rainy Daylee River Stone Sandy Moon Sara Aria Seagull Dream\nSahara Sunshine Shamica Sativa Shelby Magnolia Singing Hawk Sky Larrisa Stormy\nCarl Sunshine Daydream Tangerine Dream Trickle Rain Ty Kurt Violet Skye Wendy\nCrystal Sky Wolf Song Zoe Renee \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nClick on the hands to go back or forward to the next chapter\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.namenerds.com/uucn/advice/family.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422173252/http://www.namenerds.com/uucn/advice/family.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Name Nerds! family names",
"passages": [
"Are there any traditions associated with naming in your family that you'd like to adhere to? How about loved ones or ancestors you'd like to honor with a namesake? Or maybe your family is bugging you to name a child after Dear Aunt Griselda. Keeping names in the family can be a wonderful way to keep connections between generations...or it can be a pain in the rear that leaves your children embarrassed with strange or ugly names for the rest of their lives.",
"Find or make a family tree. Try to get as many full names as possible (i.e. maiden names, middle names etc.) Perhaps you'll find that Auntie Griselda's maiden name was Delaney--which makes a lovely first name. Unfortunately Uncle Buford's middle name was Egbert. Hey, his last name is Royce! Would that make a nice name?",
"Find out more information about relatives You still loved your uncle Buford, but Buford is out of the question for your adorable baby boy, and you're not sure about Royce, his surname. But wait! Uncle Buford was a tailor in Austin, Texas! Maybe Taylor would be a nice way to honor him? What about the name Austin? Of course, information like this is not always available. If it is, you'll find that other information doesn't always make for nice names. Read on",
"What about a middle name? Giving your child the name of a relative as a middle name is a nice way to add a family connection. In this way, you don't have to saddle your child with something undesirable, but the family connection is still there. Dylan Buford Jones or even Dylan John Buford Jones (lots of people give 2 middle names to kids these days) sounds nice, keeps family ties, and won't make you cringe everytime you yell \"BUFORD JONES! DID YOU FINISH YOUR HOMEWORK?\"",
"Use Variant Forms Would Elizabeth Louise sound more up-to-date than BettyLou? Maybe a variation on a relative's name would be a good way to honor the relative, without giving a child an out-of-date or strange sounding name. Click here for more variations.",
"Don't listen to other relatives! As with picking out any name, everyone will have an opinion. Some will insist you name the baby after a relative. You may or may not like this idea. remember, though--this is your child. Give it a name that you love! If your relatives are even just a tiny bit normal, their hearts will melt when they see the baby. The question of a name will be long forgotten!",
"Dad Jr. While I don't think the psychological ramifications of this practice can accurately be measured, I do know that it can be confusing to have two men with the same name in the same household. Perhaps you've telephoned the house of Joe, and asked to speak to \"Joe\" and the answer was \"which one?\" Or in extreme cases of one Joe household, the conversation went something like this: \"hello?\" \"hello? Is Joe there?\" \"Which one?\" \"Little Joe\" \"Nope, but Hoss is out back with the horses ha ha ha\" Callers got a little irritated with this joke after a while, and Little Joe was mortified when he discovered what his father had been telling all the girls who called. But that's another matter... Even if they're not in the same household, people have told me about confused magazine subscriptions, voter registration, and other complications that have arisen due to having the same name. One man was even sent his son's parking ticket fines by accident! He was not too thrilled! Also, many times a Jr. will get called a pet form of the name for much longer than he normally would have. For example, I know grown up men with names like Johnny, Bobby, and Little Joe who have tried in vain to get their parents and relatives to just call them John, Bob, or Joe. Many report that this is difficult, because their family considers \"John\" to be John Sr.'s name, and \"Johnny\" firmly belongs to John Jr. Whether this is an actual problem or not is up to the individual. I just thought it was an interesting point. A reader has sent in this comment:",
"I was named after my Dad, but my mom didn't want a 'little junior' running around, so they decided to use my middle name. Well that is all fine and dandy, except when you have 'legal' documents, and places where you have to use your full name, then the confusion starts all over again. It drives me nuts when someone calls for me and my dad answers and talks to them about my personal information just because he has the same name. I actually have filed for a name change to add another fist name, but I kept all of the names I was born with, just so I could have a name of my own. That is just my 2c",
"Another thing to consider is, would you name your daughter after her mother? It's Ok to have a John Jr. running around, but what about Jennifer Jr.? Maybe you would like to combine your names... So what else can you do?",
"Use Dad's name as a middle name it might not be in as prominent a spot, but the sentiment will still be there.",
"Use Dad's full name, but call Jr. by his middle name this might be less confusing when you're shouting a name out",
"Use Dad's first name, but a different middle name. This can reduce some confusion. John Michael is definitely different from John James, and calling one or the other to dinner will not be as confusing",
"Use a different form of the name What about instead of John Michael Smith Jr., He was Jonathan Micah Smith? It would have the same sentiment, but not be the same name. Click here for more variant forms.",
"Dadette Another phenomenon is naming daughters after dad. Sometimes this is fine--who can resist the pretty feminizations, like Michaela, Georgia and Josephine? However, Many times, parents create new feminine forms of names. Some of these names are nice. However, some are awkward and clumsy. A few come to mind: Ralphella, Stanlita, Willimette...But Dad really wants his little princess named for him. What can you do? Here are some girls' names that could be used to honor boys' names. You can also think of it this way--would you name a son after his mother? If your daughter will be Markelle, will your son be Jessicus? If so, see our table on Girls' Names Into Boys' Names. You can also you should try to combine your two names",
"Use a name that has the same initials Instead of Lancina Ralphette, what about Lauren Rose? Would Dad be happy with that?",
"Use a name that sounds similar. What about Donna or Donya, instead of Donalda for Daddy Don? Click here for more similar sounding names.",
"Use an Anagram of Dad's Name Sometimes, if you re-arrange the letters of a name, you can get another, prettier name. For example, BRIAN = BRINA, JASON = SONJA, AIDAN = NADIA, DIANA, ADINA. Of course, if Dad is Jeff, Fefj might not make the most melodious name. It's a thought, though.",
"Use Dad's name as-is. This is a tricky one. While it is all the rage now to use boys' names on girls, sometimes you can cross the line. I wouldn't recommend naming your daughter Ralph! However, names like Michael have been used for girls a lot, as have variant spellings like Mykelle etc. Maybe a more 'feminized' spelling would work?",
"Babies are rarely named after their mothers these days. It is usually the father, if anyone whom a baby is named after. Why not name a baby after his or her mother? Or at least after Mom's initials? Most of the ideas used in the section on Naming Baby after Dad can also be used to Name Baby After Mom.",
"Naming a Son After Mom If you aren't content with merely using Mom's initials, try a variation of Mom's name. Click Here for some ideas about turning Mom's name into son's name.",
"Naming a Daughter After Mom Use the same rules as for Naming Baby After Dad (initials, etc.). Click here to see some variations on Mom's name you could use.",
"Combining two or more names can be an interesting way to honor more than one relative at once. You can even honor Mom and dad equally this Way, without getting into the whole Jr. thing. Be creative! Sometimes beautiful new names can come out of combinations! Sometimes you can get existing names out of two names. For example, I went to school with a girl named Karon. Her parents were Kathy and Ronald. There are two major ways to create names:",
"Combine Syllables Taking whole syllables is an easy way to create interesting names. For example, John + Andrea could make Jondra, Annon, Andran, Joan, Joanne, Ondra etc. Play with spellings as well as sounds. For example, would Jondra look better than Johndra?",
"Combine letters There aren't many syllabic possibilities of you have short names. For example, Jane and mark would get you Jark or Mane...not very nice names! you can play around with letters as well. For example, Jane + Mark would get you Maran, Jana, Kara, etc.",
"Probably a combination of the above two would work best Since names aren't perfect, a creative combination of letters, syllables, and anything else would probably work best.",
"You see many girls with feminine forms of male names, why not masculine forms of girls' names? Here are some examples of male names you could use to honor female loved ones or heores. Another thing you could do is to add a masculine suffix to a feminine name (-ius, -us, -o, -an etc.) For example, Mary => Maro, Amy => Aman. Be creative!",
"Here are some variations of names. The names listed are not necessarily related to the name, many times they just sound similar. For example, Greta is actually a form of Margaret, but we also have it listed as an alternative for Gertrude, because it sounds similar. There is a Girls' List and a Boys' list."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Name Nerds! family names\n\n# Keeping Names in the Family \n \n--- \n \nName Nerds main\n\n|\n\nAre there any traditions associated with naming in your family that you'd like\nto adhere to? How about loved ones or ancestors you'd like to honor with a\nnamesake? Or maybe your family is bugging you to name a child after Dear Aunt\nGriselda. Keeping names in the family can be a wonderful way to keep\nconnections between generations...or it can be a pain in the rear that leaves\nyour children embarrassed with strange or ugly names for the rest of their\nlives.\n\nHere are some tips and pointers when picking out family names...\n\nFind or make a family tree. Try to get as many full names as possible (i.e.\nmaiden names, middle names etc.) Perhaps you'll find that Auntie Griselda's\nmaiden name was Delaney--which makes a lovely first name. Unfortunately Uncle\nBuford's middle name was Egbert. Hey, his last name is Royce! Would that make\na nice name?\n\nFind out more information about relatives You still loved your uncle Buford,\nbut Buford is out of the question for your adorable baby boy, and you're not\nsure about Royce, his surname. But wait! Uncle Buford was a tailor in Austin,\nTexas! Maybe Taylor would be a nice way to honor him? What about the name\nAustin? Of course, information like this is not always available. If it is,\nyou'll find that other information doesn't always make for nice names. Read on\n\nWhat about a middle name? Giving your child the name of a relative as a middle\nname is a nice way to add a family connection. In this way, you don't have to\nsaddle your child with something undesirable, but the family connection is\nstill there. Dylan Buford Jones or even Dylan John Buford Jones (lots of\npeople give 2 middle names to kids these days) sounds nice, keeps family ties,\nand won't make you cringe everytime you yell \"BUFORD JONES! DID YOU FINISH\nYOUR HOMEWORK?\"\n\nUse Initials Instead of Names This has been traditional in many cultures for\ngenerations.\n\nUse Variant Forms Would Elizabeth Louise sound more up-to-date than BettyLou?\nMaybe a variation on a relative's name would be a good way to honor the\nrelative, without giving a child an out-of-date or strange sounding name.\nClick here for more variations.\n\nDon't listen to other relatives! As with picking out any name, everyone will\nhave an opinion. Some will insist you name the baby after a relative. You may\nor may not like this idea. remember, though--this is your child. Give it a\nname that you love! If your relatives are even just a tiny bit normal, their\nhearts will melt when they see the baby. The question of a name will be long\nforgotten!\n\n## Naming Baby After Dad\n\nDad Jr. While I don't think the psychological ramifications of this practice\ncan accurately be measured, I do know that it can be confusing to have two men\nwith the same name in the same household. Perhaps you've telephoned the house\nof Joe, and asked to speak to \"Joe\" and the answer was \"which one?\" Or in\nextreme cases of one Joe household, the conversation went something like this:\n\"hello?\" \"hello? Is Joe there?\" \"Which one?\" \"Little Joe\" \"Nope, but Hoss is\nout back with the horses ha ha ha\" Callers got a little irritated with this\njoke after a while, and Little Joe was mortified when he discovered what his\nfather had been telling all the girls who called. But that's another matter...\nEven if they're not in the same household, people have told me about confused\nmagazine subscriptions, voter registration, and other complications that have\narisen due to having the same name. One man was even sent his son's parking\nticket fines by accident! He was not too thrilled! Also, many times a Jr. will\nget called a pet form of the name for much longer than he normally would have.\nFor example, I know grown up men with names like Johnny, Bobby, and Little Joe\nwho have tried in vain to get their parents and relatives to just call them\nJohn, Bob, or Joe. Many report that this is difficult, because their family\nconsiders \"John\" to be John Sr.'s name, and \"Johnny\" firmly belongs to John\nJr. Whether this is an actual problem or not is up to the individual. I just\nthought it was an interesting point. A reader has sent in this comment:\n\nI was named after my Dad, but my mom didn't want a 'little junior' running\naround, so they decided to use my middle name. Well that is all fine and\ndandy, except when you have 'legal' documents, and places where you have to\nuse your full name, then the confusion starts all over again. It drives me\nnuts when someone calls for me and my dad answers and talks to them about my\npersonal information just because he has the same name. I actually have filed\nfor a name change to add another fist name, but I kept all of the names I was\nborn with, just so I could have a name of my own. That is just my 2c\n\nAnother thing to consider is, would you name your daughter after her mother?\nIt's Ok to have a John Jr. running around, but what about Jennifer Jr.? Maybe\nyou would like to combine your names... So what else can you do?\n\n * Use Dad's name as a middle name it might not be in as prominent a spot, but the sentiment will still be there.\n\n * Use Dad's full name, but call Jr. by his middle name this might be less confusing when you're shouting a name out\n\n * Use Dad's first name, but a different middle name. This can reduce some confusion. John Michael is definitely different from John James, and calling one or the other to dinner will not be as confusing\n\n * Call the Younger one by initials Maybe J.D. would be a nice nickname, rather than \"Junior\"?\n\n * Use a different form of the name What about instead of John Michael Smith Jr., He was Jonathan Micah Smith? It would have the same sentiment, but not be the same name. Click here for more variant forms.\n\nDadette Another phenomenon is naming daughters after dad. Sometimes this is\nfine--who can resist the pretty feminizations, like Michaela, Georgia and\nJosephine? However, Many times, parents create new feminine forms of names.\nSome of these names are nice. However, some are awkward and clumsy. A few come\nto mind: Ralphella, Stanlita, Willimette...But Dad really wants his little\nprincess named for him. What can you do? Here are some girls' names that could\nbe used to honor boys' names. You can also think of it this way--would you\nname a son after his mother? If your daughter will be Markelle, will your son\nbe Jessicus? If so, see our table on Girls' Names Into Boys' Names. You can\nalso you should try to combine your two names\n\n * Use a name that has the same initials Instead of Lancina Ralphette, what about Lauren Rose? Would Dad be happy with that?\n\n * Use Dad's middle name, or a variant form. Maybe his middle name has more possibilities.\n\n * Use Dad's name as a middle name. Maybe Brittany Ralph Johnson would be better than Ralphella Johnson.\n\n * Use a name that sounds similar. What about Donna or Donya, instead of Donalda for Daddy Don? Click here for more similar sounding names.\n\n * Use an Anagram of Dad's Name Sometimes, if you re-arrange the letters of a name, you can get another, prettier name. For example, BRIAN = BRINA, JASON = SONJA, AIDAN = NADIA, DIANA, ADINA. Of course, if Dad is Jeff, Fefj might not make the most melodious name. It's a thought, though.\n\n * Use Dad's name as-is. This is a tricky one. While it is all the rage now to use boys' names on girls, sometimes you can cross the line. I wouldn't recommend naming your daughter Ralph! However, names like Michael have been used for girls a lot, as have variant spellings like Mykelle etc. Maybe a more 'feminized' spelling would work?\n\n## Naming Baby After Mom\n\nBabies are rarely named after their mothers these days. It is usually the\nfather, if anyone whom a baby is named after. Why not name a baby after his or\nher mother? Or at least after Mom's initials? Most of the ideas used in the\nsection on Naming Baby after Dad can also be used to Name Baby After Mom.\n\nNaming a Son After Mom If you aren't content with merely using Mom's initials,\ntry a variation of Mom's name. Click Here for some ideas about turning Mom's\nname into son's name.\n\nNaming a Daughter After Mom Use the same rules as for Naming Baby After Dad\n(initials, etc.). Click here to see some variations on Mom's name you could\nuse.\n\n## Combining Names\n\nCombining two or more names can be an interesting way to honor more than one\nrelative at once. You can even honor Mom and dad equally this Way, without\ngetting into the whole Jr. thing. Be creative! Sometimes beautiful new names\ncan come out of combinations! Sometimes you can get existing names out of two\nnames. For example, I went to school with a girl named Karon. Her parents were\nKathy and Ronald. There are two major ways to create names:\n\n * Combine Syllables Taking whole syllables is an easy way to create interesting names. For example, John + Andrea could make Jondra, Annon, Andran, Joan, Joanne, Ondra etc. Play with spellings as well as sounds. For example, would Jondra look better than Johndra?\n\n * Combine letters There aren't many syllabic possibilities of you have short names. For example, Jane and mark would get you Jark or Mane...not very nice names! you can play around with letters as well. For example, Jane + Mark would get you Maran, Jana, Kara, etc.\n\n * Probably a combination of the above two would work best Since names aren't perfect, a creative combination of letters, syllables, and anything else would probably work best.\n\n## Girls' Names into Boys Names\n\nYou see many girls with feminine forms of male names, why not masculine forms\nof girls' names? Here are some examples of male names you could use to honor\nfemale loved ones or heores. Another thing you could do is to add a masculine\nsuffix to a feminine name (-ius, -us, -o, -an etc.) For example, Mary => Maro,\nAmy => Aman. Be creative!\n\n| Name| \"masculine forms\" \n---|--- \nAlice:| Ellis, Albert, Dallas, Alec \nAllison:| Alexander, Alastair, Addison, Ellison \nAmanda:| Ammon, Andy, Andrew \nAmy:| Amos, Ammon, Eamon, Amyntas, Ambrose, Jamie, Bellamy \nAndrea:| Andrew, Drew \nAngela:| Angelo, Andrew \nAnna/Annev| Anton, Andrew, Dana, Dan \nAshley:| Asher, Ashton, Ashe \nBarbara:| Barry, Baron, Bartholemew \nBeth:| Bart, Blake, Brad \nBrenda:| Brendan, Brandon \nK/Catherine:| Carter, Cathal, Kathan, Carmine, Cato \nCheryl:| Charles, Darryl, Carl \nChristine/a:| Christopher, Christian \nCynthia:| Cyril, Cyrus, Theo \nDonna:| Donald, Donnell, Daniel \nElizabeth:| Eli, Elliot, Elias \nEmily:| Emil, Emory, Ellery, Lee \nGrace:| Graham, Casey, Grant \nHeather:| Henry, Heath \nHelen| Henry, Lenny, Leonard, Hal \nJacqueline:| Jack, Jackson \nJean/Joan:| John, Jonah, Jonas \nJennifer:| John, Jenner \nJessica:| Jesse \nKaren:| Karl, Karim, Kerrim \nKelly:| Kellen, Kelly (also a boys' name), Keller \nKimberly:| Kimball, Kirby, Lee \nLeanne:| Liam, Lee, Leon \nLillian:| Lucian, \nLinda:| Lyndon/Linden \nLisa:| Leo, Lee, Leon \nMargaret:| Martin, Garrett, Marlon \nMartha:| Martin, Arthur \nMary:| Marius, Mark, Mario, Martin \nMelissa:| Mel, Ellis \nMichelle:| Michael, Micah, Mitchell, Marshall \nNancy:| Clancy \nNicole:| Nicholas, Nico \nPatricia:| Patrick \nRachel:| Randall \nRose:| Ross \nSandra:| Sander, Andy, Alexander \nSarah:| Sawyer, Saro, Sayer \nSharon:| Darren, Stephen \nStephanie:| Stefan, Stephen \nSusan:| Simon \nTeresa| Terrance, Tracy \nTracy:| Tracy (also a boys' name), Terance, Casey \nVirginia:| Virgil \nWendy:| Wendall \n \n## Other Forms of Names\n\nHere are some variations of names. The names listed are not necessarily\nrelated to the name, many times they just sound similar. For example, Greta is\nactually a form of Margaret, but we also have it listed as an alternative for\nGertrude, because it sounds similar. There is a Girls' List and a Boys' list.\n\nAlternate Forms of Girls' Names\n\nAgnes| Nessie| Nessa| Nesta| Nancy| Aggie| Agatha| Agata| Senga \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \nAlice| Alicia| Al(l)ison| Allie| Alyssa| Elise| Lissa| Lisa| Eilis(h)| Elisa \nAngela| Angel| Angelina| Angeline| Angelica| Angelique| Angelise| Gaila| Angie \nAnn(e)| Anna| Nan| Anita| Annette| Nanette| Anya| Annika| Annelise| Adriana \nTatiana| Marianne| Lilianne| Joanna| Annabel| Ana| Hannah| Andrea| Angela \nCarol/Cheryl| Carla| Charlotte| Charlene| Sherilyn| Shara| Cara| Meryl \nCatherine/Kathryn| Kate| Kathy| Katie| Kit| Kitty| Trini| Katrina| Katarina|\nKattrin \nTrina| Caitlín| Katelyn| Caitríona| Catrine| Catalina| Karen| Karena| Katya \nCari| Kat| Carlin| Katina| Katinka \nCarolyn| Caroline| Cara| Marilyn| Lynn| Carla| Carlin| Carly \nChristine/a| Chrissie/Krissie| Christy/Kristy| Tina| Christa/Krista| Crystal|\nCrystelle| Christiane| Tianna| Kirsty \nChris/Kris| Stina| Kit| Kristin| Kirsten| Kristina| Christiana \nCindy| Cinda| Cynthia| Lucinda| Sydney| Sidra| Sidonie \nDorothy| Dorrie| Dora| Theodora| Dorothea| Doris| Dottie| Dodie| Dorina| Dolly \nDorinda| Thea| Doritha| Doreen| Doria| Doriana \nElizabeth| Bess| Bessie| Beth| Betsy| Betty| Eliza| Ellie| Isabel(le)| Liza \nElise| Izzy| Isabella| Sibéal| Eilis| Elspeth| Elizabeta| Elshivet| Lizzie \nElsa| Elisa| Leeza| Libby| Lisa| Lissa| Lissie| Liz| Belle/Bella \nFrances| Fran| Francesca| Francine| Francina| Francoise| Francie| Fanny| Cissy \nGertrude| Trudy| Rudy| Gerta| Gerda| Truda| True| Greta \nHelen/Ellen| Nelly| Elaine| Ellen| Helene| Eleni| Eleanor| Eleanora| Ella|\nLena \nNell| Eilidh| Helena| Yelena| Elena| Ellie| Lainie/Leni \nJean/Joan| Jeannette| Jeannine| Sinead| Janet| Johanna| Juana| Giovanna|\nJeanne| Ivana \nJoanne| Siobhan| Sine/Sheena| Jane| Janina| Juanita| Gianna| Janna/Yanna|\nShona \nShawna| Shanna| Shaina| Shani| Jana \nKaren/Sharon| Kara| Shara| Sharilyn| Kari| Karina| Sharona| Maren| Taryn|\nShana \nKatherine| Carlin| Kaaren| Carmen| Sherrill \nLaurie/Laura| Laurel| Laurelle| Loria| Loriane| Lorelei| Lauren| Lorna \nMargaret| Daisy| Madge| Maisie| Marge| Megan (Welsh)| Gretchen| Pegeen|\nMarguerite| Margarita \nGretchen| Maggie| Marg| Meg| Peg| Pearl| Peggy| Margareta| Greta \nMarjorie| Pegeen (Irish)| Mairead (mar ADE)-Irish| Maighread (MY\nrut)-Scottish| Magdalena| Magnolia| Marjorie| Rita \nMary| Mara| Mariah| Mariana| Maribel| Mariel| Marisol| Marya| Maureen| Moya \nMaria| Marian| Marianne| Marie| Marina| Marissa| Maura| Moira| Maren \nMarika| Marnie| May| Rosemary| Marilyn| Meredith| Meryl| Molly| Polly \nMildred| Millicent| Melisande| Millie| Camilla| Milla \nRose| Rosa| Rosemarie| Rosemary| Rosalie| Rosaleen| Rosaline| Rosalind|\nRosamund| Roseanne \nRose (cont'd)| Rosina| Zina| Roslyn| Rosalyn| Rosita| Rosanna \nSandy/Sandra| Alexandra| Xandra| Zandra| Sandrine| Alessandra| Cassandra|\nLysandra| Mandy| Brandy \nShirley| Sheryl| Shira| Carly| Leigh| Shelly| Shelby \nSusan (comes from a name meaning \"lily\" or \"rose\")| Suzanne| Susannah|\nShoshana| Lily| Rose| Suzette| Zuzu| Susie| Sue \nSusan (cont'd)| Sanna| Zanna| Susa| Shana| Shosha| Lilia| Liliane| Lillian|\nRosalie \nTeresa| Tess| Teri| Tessa| Tracy| Therese| Tessie| Risa \nVictoria| Vicki| Toria| Tori| Gloria| Victory| Doria \n \nAlternate Forms of Boys' Names\n\nAlan/Allen| Alex| Alvin| Alton| Albert| Alaric| Alec| Alden \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \nCharles| Chaz| Carolus| Carl| Chuck| Chance| Chase \nDavid| Davin| Davis| Davison| Devon| Daylon| Arvid| Javid \nDonald| Donavan| Donahue| Donall| Donnan| Donagh \nDouglas| Dougal| Duggan| Dugan| Dougie| Doug| Duncan| Donough \nEdward| Edmund| Eduardo| Ned| Ward| Warden| Edwin| Edgar \nEric| Derrick| Garrick| Carrick| Aaron| Tarik| Jarek| Merrick \nErrol| Erlich| Alaric| Rick \nFrank| Francisco| Francesco| Hank| Francis| Franklin| Franz \nGary| Gareth| Garrett| Jared| Carey \nGeorge| Jordan| Geordie| Yeorgi| Georg| Georges| Jory| Joren \nGerald/Jerry| Jeremy| Gerard| Jeremiah| Jarrett| Garrett| Jared| Geraldo \nHarry| Harrison| Harris| Henry| Harold \nHenry| Hank| Enrico| Enrique| Harry| Henrik| Heinrich \nJames/Jacob| Jacques| Diego| Jaime| Seamus| Jakub| Hamish| Jake \nJim| Jamie| Jamison \nJeffrey| Geoffrey| Jefferson| Frey| Jethro \nJohn| Evan| Ian| Johann| Ivan| Joan| Giovanni| Jonathan \nOwen/Eoin| Sean| Johannes| Joao| Juan| Gianni| Jonah \nJan| Jens| Hans| Jean| Shane| Jack| Jonas \nJoseph| Jose| Giuseppe| Seosamh| Josef| Joe| Joey| Jonah \nJonas| Jory| Josephus \nLarry| Lawrence| Lorenzo| Loren| Laren| McLaren \nMark| Marcus| Marius| Markell| Demarcus| Marcan| Marquis \nMichael| Milo| Micah| Miles| Miguel| Mikhail| Michel| Micheál \nMicka| Miko| Micko| Micky| Mike| Myron \nRalph| Rafael| Raul| Randolph| Rafe \nRandy| Andy| Andrew| Randall| Randolph| Rory \nRichard| Ricardo| Ritchie| Rick| Pritchard| Rico \nRobert| Robin| Bob| Bert| Bertram| Burton| Rod| Rodney \nRoger| Robert| Gerard| Romer| Hrothgar (!) \nRonald| Aldo| Roald| Raul| Roland \nSteven/Stephen| Sven| Stefan| Esteban \nTheodore/Ted| Ned| Theodoric| Theo| Dorian| Doran \nWalter| Walt| Walton| Wally| Terry| Alton| Wallis \nWilliam| Willem| Liam| Wilhelm| Guillaume| Guillermo| Guilliermi| Willard \nWillis| Wilfred| Will| Bill \n\n"
}
] |
8,806,072 | How To Make a Drip Cake | To make a drip cake, start by baking and icing a cake and then chilling it in the fridge for at least 60 minutes. Then, microwave chocolate and heavy cream for 60 seconds to make the ganache. Afterwards, stir the ingredients, microwave for another 30 seconds, and stir until the chocolate is completely melted. Next, take the cake out of the fridge and use a spoon to drip the glaze on the sides of it. Finally, cover the top with the remaining glaze, making sure to spread out the glaze in an even layer after each spoonful. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201112032124/https://halifaxbloggers.ca/isaynomato/chocolate-and-peanut-butter-drip-cake/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190718125807/https://www.stylesweetca.com/blog/2016/1/25/chocolate-dipped-strawberry-cake-my-best-tips-for-drippy-cakes",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170917013359/https://www.craftsy.com/blog/2016/04/drip-cake/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030074858/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/how-to-frost-a-cake",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201112022957/https://www.mycakeschool.com/recipes/ganache-drip-recipe/"
] | train | 2,669 | [
{
"original_url": "https://halifaxbloggers.ca/isaynomato/chocolate-and-peanut-butter-drip-cake/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112032124/https://halifaxbloggers.ca/isaynomato/chocolate-and-peanut-butter-drip-cake/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Chocolate and Peanut Butter Drip Cake",
"passages": [
"This Chocolate and Peanut Butter Drip Cake is completely sinful. With smooth peanut butter buttercream and a moist, rich chocolate cake topped with MORE chocolate AND peanut butter cups, it’s hard to say no to a slice of this!",
"One of life’s simplest pleasures is a good ol’ chocolate cake. Towering rounds of decadent chocolate fudge layered with smooth sweet cocoa buttercream... I can’t think if anything else I’d rather have as a birthday cake.",
"Add peanut butter to it! And chocolate ganache! And then take it five miles over the top with chocolate and peanut butter candy because that’s how I roll. Culminating in the blissful result that is this Chocolate and Peanut Butter Drip Cake.",
"Clearly I’ve been drooling over too many Katherine Sabbath drip cakes and they’ve taken over my brain. That lady is FOR REAL. I’ve lost hours of my life to watching How to Cake It videos on Youtube (but not wasted! Yolanda Gampp is brilliant!). It was time to put everything I’ve learned into practice with my sister’s birthday cake!",
"Betty Crocker’s Cocoa Fudge Cake can’t be beat (even though my mother’s handwriting is all over our recipe – that’s what cookbooks are for! Like me she tends to fiddle with recipes until they’re just how she likes them!), dark and rich and perfectly moist, it’s a chocolate cake classic.",
"If you don’t have buttercream, start with cup on the side to mix milk and vinegar, and let sit for a couple minutes until it gets nice and chunky (EW – or just go buy buttermilk). Mix all of your dry ingredients in a bowl. Cocoa is so darn pretty – that colour is just soooo rich.",
"Then add the milk and the rest of your wet ingredients. Beat them all together, scraping down the sides of your bowl every once in a while so everything gets mixed together. Then turn that sucker up and beat the mixture on high for about 3 minutes.",
"Set those to bake in the oven. You’ll want your cake to be completely cold (like sitting in the pan for 45 mins to an hour) before you attempt to level and frost it, to keep the structural integrity!",
"Now for the frosting! This buttercream recipe from Sweet Savory Life is hands down, THE most delicious frosting of all time. It tends to have air bubbles, but that flavour cannot be beat! It’s rich but not too sweet, very adaptable, and easy to make harder or softer as necessary.",
"I wanted the inside of the cake to be like a peanut butter cup, so I made some extra cocoa frosting to alternate layers. Mix all those ingredients in a bowl, you really can’t go wrong here. It needs to be easily spreadable, so if you need to add a little more cream, go ahead.",
"Crumb coat! This I didn’t know was a thing until I started taking decorating classes, but just put a thin layer of icing over the cake, enough to trap all the crumbs, and pop in the fridge or freezer for at least 30 minutes to really solidify that barrier before you frost the rest of the cake.",
"Frosting time! Slap lots on there. You’ll see that my cake was a little crooked in its layers, and that was easily fixable with a gentle shove and some icing.",
"In order to get a smooth buttercream, run a metal cake spatula under hot water and smooth it out with a little melting action. Yay science!",
"Press some mini Reese’s Pieces into the buttercream with your hands at the bottom, and speckle some around the rest of the cake...",
"Now the ganache! The most basic recipe is 1:1 cream and chocolate. I’ll be honest, the ganache was kind of a disaster. It separated and was oily and strange, but I fixed it by just adding a tablespoon of warm milk. It transformed into smooth chocolate with the perfect texture.",
"Let that ganache cool for at least ten minutes, or until the pot is room temperature, stirring every once in a while. You want it to be thick enough to get those gorgeous drips, but thin enough that it, y’know, drips!",
"Spoon it onto the centre of your cake, and using a small spoon or metal spatula, work it gently over the edge. There are tons of videos on how to do this online, but this one from Renee Connor is my favourite!",
"And then place the rest of your candies. I mixed some crumbled Reese’s Peanut Butter Cups with some of the smaller cups to give it more of a random look.",
"I didn’t want to cut into it until the party, so here’s my slice! Please excuse the awful lighting and whatnot, I just wanted to show you the layers! Delicious delicious layers....",
"Don’t forget that it’s I Say Nomato’s Birthday Week! Enter below to participate in our awesome GIVEAWAY! Due to Canadian laws you must answer the mandatory ‘skill testing question’ before you are able to enter the draw. Don’t worry, it’s simple 🙂",
"Cocoa Fudge Cake (The recipe below will make two 81/2 inch pans, so I doubled it for a four-tier cake)",
"Peanut Butter Buttercream (The recipe below will only be enough to cover a 2-layer cake, so I doubled it for a four-tier cake)",
"Chocolate Ganache (As long as your cake is 8-10\" round, this should be all you need no matter the height!)",
"Mix all of the cake ingredients together in the order they're listed on medium first, scraping the sides occasionally. Then turn it up to high and let it go for 3 minutes, scraping occasionally.",
"Pour into your pans, and pop in the oven for 30-35 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the centre comes out clean. LET COOL COMPLETELY AND I MEAN COMPLETELY BEFORE YOU TAKE THE CAKE OUT OF THE PANS. I'm serious here. It should take about 45mins to an hour.",
"Mix all ingredients together, scraping the sides occasionally. The peanut butter will make the buttercream stickier, so you may have to add a little more powdered sugar. This needs to be very easy to spread, so make sure the frosting isn't stiff at all. Add a little more cream if necessary.",
"Using a spatula, distribute about 1/2 cup of frosting between each layer of cake. Make sure it's level before adding the next level directly on top.",
"Pop it in the fridge or freezer for about 30 minutes to harden the crumb coat and seal those in. We don't want any crumbs on our final product!",
"In a pot on the stove, SLOWLY heat the chocolate and add the cream, stirring frequently. You don't want it to boil at any point, or for the cream to curdle. If your ganache separates (like mine did), just add a tablespoon or two of warm milk, works like a dream! You'll know it's done when it is smooth and creamy!",
"Set that aside to cool for at least ten minutes, or until the pot is cold to the touch. The ganache needs to be pretty thick, but still liquid enough to drip!",
"Using a spoon, drop the ganache in the centre of your cake, gently spreading outwards with a spoon or spatula juuuust to the edge, then slowly coax it over the side. Do this all around the cake.",
"If you wanted to have cocoa buttercream in place of, or in addition to the peanut butter buttercream (peanut buttercream?), just add 1/2 cup of cocoa instead of the peanut butter.",
"An avid lover of all things East Coast and delicious, Cristina blogs at I Say Nomato, a site dedicated to exploring and inventing allergy-friendly food. When she's not experimenting in the kitchen, she can be found curled up with a good book or planning her next adventure.",
"© 2020 Halifax Bloggers Media. Offering the lowdown on everything that's anything in Halifax, Nova Scotia - where to eat, what to do, places to see, people to watch, opinions to read!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Chocolate and Peanut Butter Drip Cake | I Say Nomato\n\n * Home\n * Start Here!\n * What are Nightshades?\n * Recipes\n * Videos\n * Blog Post Series\n\n * Lunch of the Week\n * I Say Nomato Travels\n * How-tos!\n * Featured On and Community\n * Contact\n\n# Chocolate and Peanut Butter Drip Cake\n\nNovember 16, 2015 Cristina\n\nThis Chocolate and Peanut Butter Drip Cake is completely sinful. With smooth\npeanut butter buttercream and a moist, rich chocolate cake topped with MORE\nchocolate AND peanut butter cups, it’s hard to say no to a slice of this!\n\nOne of life’s simplest pleasures is a good ol’ chocolate cake. Towering rounds\nof decadent chocolate fudge layered with smooth sweet cocoa buttercream... I\ncan’t think if anything else I’d rather have as a birthday cake.\n\nOh wait.\n\nYes I can.\n\nAdd peanut butter to it! And chocolate ganache! And then take it five miles\nover the top with chocolate and peanut butter candy because that’s how I roll.\nCulminating in the blissful result that is this Chocolate and Peanut Butter\nDrip Cake.\n\nClearly I’ve been drooling over too many Katherine Sabbath drip cakes and\nthey’ve taken over my brain. That lady is FOR REAL. I’ve lost hours of my life\nto watching How to Cake It videos on Youtube (but not wasted! Yolanda Gampp is\nbrilliant!). It was time to put everything I’ve learned into practice with my\nsister’s birthday cake!\n\nBetty Crocker’s Cocoa Fudge Cake can’t be beat (even though my mother’s\nhandwriting is all over our recipe – that’s what cookbooks are for! Like me\nshe tends to fiddle with recipes until they’re just how she likes them!), dark\nand rich and perfectly moist, it’s a chocolate cake classic.\n\nIf you don’t have buttercream, start with cup on the side to mix milk and\nvinegar, and let sit for a couple minutes until it gets nice and chunky (EW –\nor just go buy buttermilk). Mix all of your dry ingredients in a bowl. Cocoa\nis so darn pretty – that colour is just soooo rich.\n\nThen add the milk and the rest of your wet ingredients. Beat them all\ntogether, scraping down the sides of your bowl every once in a while so\neverything gets mixed together. Then turn that sucker up and beat the mixture\non high for about 3 minutes.\n\nSet those to bake in the oven. You’ll want your cake to be completely cold\n(like sitting in the pan for 45 mins to an hour) before you attempt to level\nand frost it, to keep the structural integrity!\n\nNow for the frosting! This buttercream recipe from Sweet Savory Life is hands\ndown, THE most delicious frosting of all time. It tends to have air bubbles,\nbut that flavour cannot be beat! It’s rich but not too sweet, very adaptable,\nand easy to make harder or softer as necessary.\n\nI wanted the inside of the cake to be like a peanut butter cup, so I made some\nextra cocoa frosting to alternate layers. Mix all those ingredients in a bowl,\nyou really can’t go wrong here. It needs to be easily spreadable, so if you\nneed to add a little more cream, go ahead.\n\nOne layer at a time, carefully assemble your cake. Again, make sure that cake\nis COLD, for stability.\n\nCrumb coat! This I didn’t know was a thing until I started taking decorating\nclasses, but just put a thin layer of icing over the cake, enough to trap all\nthe crumbs, and pop in the fridge or freezer for at least 30 minutes to really\nsolidify that barrier before you frost the rest of the cake.\n\nFrosting time! Slap lots on there. You’ll see that my cake was a little\ncrooked in its layers, and that was easily fixable with a gentle shove and\nsome icing.\n\nIn order to get a smooth buttercream, run a metal cake spatula under hot water\nand smooth it out with a little melting action. Yay science!\n\nPress some mini Reese’s Pieces into the buttercream with your hands at the\nbottom, and speckle some around the rest of the cake...\n\nNow the ganache! The most basic recipe is 1:1 cream and chocolate. I’ll be\nhonest, the ganache was kind of a disaster. It separated and was oily and\nstrange, but I fixed it by just adding a tablespoon of warm milk. It\ntransformed into smooth chocolate with the perfect texture.\n\nLet that ganache cool for at least ten minutes, or until the pot is room\ntemperature, stirring every once in a while. You want it to be thick enough to\nget those gorgeous drips, but thin enough that it, y’know, drips!\n\nSpoon it onto the centre of your cake, and using a small spoon or metal\nspatula, work it gently over the edge. There are tons of videos on how to do\nthis online, but this one from Renee Connor is my favourite!\n\nDat drip...\n\nAnd then place the rest of your candies. I mixed some crumbled Reese’s Peanut\nButter Cups with some of the smaller cups to give it more of a random look.\n\nAnd voila! There you have it! The most ridiculous chocolate and peanut butter\ndrip cake in all existence.\n\nAll I can say is, thank God for Bulk Barn!\n\nI didn’t want to cut into it until the party, so here’s my slice! Please\nexcuse the awful lighting and whatnot, I just wanted to show you the layers!\nDelicious delicious layers....\n\nThis cake was by far one of the best I’ve ever made in my life.\n\nIt was completely rich.\n\nCompletely decadent...\n\nI could have this for every birthday!\n\nDon’t forget that it’s I Say Nomato’s Birthday Week! Enter below to\nparticipate in our awesome GIVEAWAY! Due to Canadian laws you must answer the\nmandatory ‘skill testing question’ before you are able to enter the draw.\nDon’t worry, it’s simple 🙂\n\na Rafflecopter giveaway\n\nPrint\n\nChocolate and Peanut Butter Drip Cake\n\nPrep Time\n\n30 mins\n\nCook Time\n\n45 mins\n\nTotal Time\n\n1 hr 15 mins\n\nThis cake is rich and moist and packed with flavour! You'll never want a\ndifferent birthday cake again!\n\nCourse: Dessert\n\nServings: 1 4-layer, 8 1/2 inch Round Cake\n\nAuthor: Cristina\n\nIngredients\n\nCocoa Fudge Cake (The recipe below will make two 81/2 inch pans, so I doubled\nit for a four-tier cake)\n\n * 1 2/3 cups all-purpose flour or 2 cups cake flour\n * 1 1/2 cups white sugar\n * 2/3 cups cocoa\n * 1/2 cups vegetable oil\n * 1 1/2 cups buttermilk (OR 2 Tbsp vinegar in 1 1/2 cups milk)\n * 1 1/2 tsp baking soda\n * 1 tsp salt\n * 1 tsp vanilla\n * 2 eggs\n\nPeanut Butter Buttercream (The recipe below will only be enough to cover a\n2-layer cake, so I doubled it for a four-tier cake)\n\n * 1 cup unsalted butter\n * 3-4 cups sifted powdered sugar\n * 1/4 tsp salt\n * 1 tbsp vanilla extract\n * 3-4 Tbsp milk or heavy cream (I always use cream with this recipe!)\n * 1 cup smooth peanut butter\n\nChocolate Ganache (As long as your cake is 8-10\" round, this should be all you\nneed no matter the height!)\n\n * 1/2 cup melted semi-sweet chocolate\n * 1/2 cup cream\n\nOptional Toppings: Mini Reeses' Pieces, Mini Reeses' Peanut Butter Cups, and\nReese's Peanut Butter cups, crushed.\n\nInstructions\n\nFor the Cake:\n\n 1. Preheat oven to 350°, and grease and flour four 8 1/2 inch round pans (or two pans twice!)\n\n 2. Mix all of the cake ingredients together in the order they're listed on medium first, scraping the sides occasionally. Then turn it up to high and let it go for 3 minutes, scraping occasionally.\n\n 3. Pour into your pans, and pop in the oven for 30-35 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted in the centre comes out clean. LET COOL COMPLETELY AND I MEAN COMPLETELY BEFORE YOU TAKE THE CAKE OUT OF THE PANS. I'm serious here. It should take about 45mins to an hour.\n\nFor the Buttercream\n\n 1. Mix all ingredients together, scraping the sides occasionally. The peanut butter will make the buttercream stickier, so you may have to add a little more powdered sugar. This needs to be very easy to spread, so make sure the frosting isn't stiff at all. Add a little more cream if necessary.\n\nAssemblage:\n\n 1. Level your cakes. There are many tutorials online, but you want to make sure they are FLAT.\n\n 2. Using a spatula, distribute about 1/2 cup of frosting between each layer of cake. Make sure it's level before adding the next level directly on top.\n\n 3. Frost the outside of your cake with a very thin layer of buttercream to lock all those crumbs in!</span>\n\n 4. Pop it in the fridge or freezer for about 30 minutes to harden the crumb coat and seal those in. We don't want any crumbs on our final product!\n\n 5. Bring it out of the fridge or freezer and frost the rest with a nice thick layer of buttercream.\n\n 6. Pop back in the fridge or freezer for another 15-20 minutes.\n\nFor the Ganache\n\n 1. In a pot on the stove, SLOWLY heat the chocolate and add the cream, stirring frequently. You don't want it to boil at any point, or for the cream to curdle. If your ganache separates (like mine did), just add a tablespoon or two of warm milk, works like a dream! You'll know it's done when it is smooth and creamy!\n\n 2. Set that aside to cool for at least ten minutes, or until the pot is cold to the touch. The ganache needs to be pretty thick, but still liquid enough to drip!\n\n 3. Using a spoon, drop the ganache in the centre of your cake, gently spreading outwards with a spoon or spatula juuuust to the edge, then slowly coax it over the side. Do this all around the cake.</span>\n\n 4. Sprinkle with treats all over the top!\n\nRecipe Notes\n\nIf you wanted to have cocoa buttercream in place of, or in addition to the\npeanut butter buttercream (peanut buttercream?), just add 1/2 cup of cocoa\ninstead of the peanut butter.\n\nWant to see a couple more recipes like this one?\n\nPeanut Butter Pie with Sea Salt and Chocolate Ganache\n\nWhite Chocolate and Caramel Drip Cake\n\nTiramisu Cake\n\nApple Cider Cupcakes with Swiss Meringue Buttercream\n\nAmaretto Sour Cupcakes\n\nNutella and Creole Cream Cheese Ice Cream Pie\n\nNova Scotia Blueberry Grunt\n\nSave\n\nSave\n\nTags cakechocolatecreamdessertnightshade freepeanut butterpepper freepotato\nfreetomato freevegetarian\n\nShare\n\n### About the author\n\n#### Cristina\n\nAn avid lover of all things East Coast and delicious, Cristina blogs at I Say\nNomato, a site dedicated to exploring and inventing allergy-friendly food.\nWhen she's not experimenting in the kitchen, she can be found curled up with a\ngood book or planning her next adventure.\n\n# Search this blog\n\n# Recent Posts from I Say Nomato\n\n * Strawberry Watermelon Slushies\n\n * S'mores Cake Roll\n\n * Breakfast Egg Wrap #WakeUptoYellow!\n\n * I Say Nomato Travels: Farewell to Nova Scotia\n\n * No-Churn Unicorn Ice Cream\n\n * Mediterranean Chicken Kebabs - Around the World in 12 Plates\n\n * Nightshade Free Singapore Noodles\n\n * Chocolate Hazelnut Cheesecake\n\n# More from Halifax Bloggers\n\n * Reviews: Leaving the Criterion Channel October 31\n\n * Mav Karlo wraps quarantine and preps for his Atlantic Bubble tour\n\n * POSTFUN fuses pop music and storytelling in upcoming debut single 'When the Wind...\n\n * Hellifax Horror Fest preview\n\n * #DevourTheFoodFilmFest2020 — Devour is here!\n\n * Up the shore\n\n * Ava (2020) review — Uninspired actioner almost saved by terrific cast\n\n * Rebecca (1940/2020) review — Traditional melodrama worth seeing in two versions\n\n# Newsletter\n\nThis error message is only visible to WordPress admins\n\nError: No posts found.\n\nMake sure this account has posts available on instagram.com.\n\n * About Us\n * About Halifax\n * Advertise\n * Privacy\n * Cookies\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n\n© 2020 Halifax Bloggers Media. Offering the lowdown on everything that's\nanything in Halifax, Nova Scotia - where to eat, what to do, places to see,\npeople to watch, opinions to read!\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.stylesweetca.com/blog/2016/1/25/chocolate-dipped-strawberry-cake-my-best-tips-for-drippy-cakes",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190718125807/https://www.stylesweetca.com/blog/2016/1/25/chocolate-dipped-strawberry-cake-my-best-tips-for-drippy-cakes",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Chocolate Dipped Strawberry Cake + my best tips for drippy cakes — Style Sweet CA",
"passages": [
"My first real bakery job (minus scooping cookies and scones for the masses at the UC Davis Coffee House), was as a cake decorator at Sacramento’s beloved Freeport Bakery. A month or so after applying to be a counter clerk, I found myself in the kitchen on the night shift (the lowest tier of cake decorators), elbow deep in whipped cream, sliced strawberry, and chocolate ganache.",
"One of the key responsibilities for the night decorators was filling and frosting the two different cakes that used fresh whipped cream to sell the following morning. This was not because whipped cream was the easiest frosting to start the new cake decorators on (quite the opposite, in fact), it was because it needed to be made fresh everyday and was a big pain to work with (meaning nobody else wanted to deal with the few dozen cakes that are made and sold daily). The timing fit for us PM decorators (since the other cakes the AM shift frosted could be made and stored in advanced), but the theory was - if you could ice a cake with whipped cream, then you would be prepared to ice a cake with anything. And let me tell, there were PLENTY of cakes to work on to practice and refine our cake decorating techniques.",
"Albeit delicious, the “Shadow Fresa” quickly became my nemesis. Layers of chocolate cake, whipped cream and sliced strawberries, whipped cream frosting, and a chocolate ganache drip around the edges. Whipped cream is one of the less stable frostings to work with, especially when made in large batches, so filling and frosting a cake with it is not a simple task. The more you fuss with the cream, the more difficult it becomes to work with - starting a downward spiral of floppy peaks that won’t pipe or smooth out for the life of you. Once you finally master frosting the Shadow Fresa comes the added bonus of drizzling chocolate ganache over the edges. If the ganache is too cold, it does not drizzle nor drip but either seizes up or remains as ugly blobs of chocolate. Too hot, and it melts and pulls the whipped cream right off the sides of the cake. Unless you heat the ganache to the perfect temperature, chances are you will be scraping whipped cream, hard work, and tears into the garbage bin.",
"The Drip Cake Phenomenon ready picked up steam in 2015 (big thanks to rock- star Katherine Sabbath) and is now a cake trend that just keeps getting better, more fanciful, and exceedingly more popular literally everyday. There are classic chocolate drips to neon, technicolored Willy Wonka drips – those left rustic, natural, and beautiful to those covered in sprinkles, candy, gold leaf, donuts, etc. Whichever style you choose, anyone that has ever tried a drip cake probably understands the pain and headache that usually comes along with it. Use a glaze that is too runny, and it slides right off the sides and pools at the bottom of the cake stand. Too thick, and you are trying to force, nudge, plead, and beg your drips to look natural and not like blobs left on the side of your cake. Now, as an experienced cake-dripper (I’ve been drizzling cakes since 2007 after all - ah, I’m old!), I thought I would share some key pointers for creating gorgeous chocolate, ganache, caramel, and fruit glaze cake drips",
"Chill your cake - A great start to a perfect drippy cake is a good base, or something for the chocolate or glaze to drip of off. A smooth buttercream finish works the best. Chilled, and you are golden. A cold, smooth cake not only creates a seamless, uninterrupted finish for the glaze to drip down, but the chilled cake helps control the drips from sliding all the way down the cake. Also, if the test drip doesn't turn out (see tip 5), it can easily be scraped off. Even when I drip a naked cake, I like to give it either aa bit of a crumb coat or ice just the top of the cake.",
"Use a recipe that works as a good glaze - This might be a no-brainer, but try to use a recipe that works as a suitable glaze. For example, honey by it self might be too runny while peanut butter is too thick. Recipes that I find suitable for drizzling include: chocolate ganache, white chocolate ganache (plain, flavored, or tinted with gel food coloring), chocolate glaze, caramel sauce (although sometimes a bit tricker and harder to set), and powdered sugar glaze (either mixed with a touch of milk or fruit juice/puree). I’m sure there are plenty more, but hopefully these are a good start for you all.",
"Patience - Many glazes and sauces are made on the stove or require some heat. You must allow the glaze to cool a bit before dripping on your cake. My basic chocolate glaze (recipe below) takes a good 10 to 15 minutes to cool. Freshly made caramel may take even longer!",
"Consistency is key! - Other than temperature, the consistency of the glaze is very important. Sometimes this directly relates to the temperature (ganache and caramel will thicken as they cool), but other times it does not. Regardless, you are looking for a glaze that is thick yet still fluid. It should slowly drip off of spoon, not run or plop. To adjust, wait until cool, add more powdered sugar/liquid, or reheat as necessary.",
"Test - The best way to find out if your glaze is the correct temperature and consistency? Try a few practice drips on the actual cake! If the glaze is really off then this might cause some damage to the cake, but chances are it won’t be tragic if it is slightly too warm or thick. Try these practice drips on the edge (not the center of the cake - see tip 6) and watch to see the rate at which it drips. Does is slide right off? Does it stop halfway down? Adjust accordingly before taking the glaze to the entire cake.",
"Work from the outside in - Until you have the confidence to pour your glaze over the top of your entire cake (I still don’t - unless I am feeling extra brave and adventurous that day), start by working with only a few drips at a time around the edge of your cake. Using a spoon, I start making drips around the edges. I find that I am able to control the drips and design of the cake more this way. I love the idea of “perfectly imperfect” so this helps give me back some control while the drips still (hopefully) appear natural. If this feels too staged or fake to you, then feel free to skip to tip 7 and really go for it!",
"Filling the center - Once I ensure that all of my individual drips are looking their best, it is time to fill in the center. At this point, the glaze or chocolate sometimes cools or thickens up on me, so I always re-check the consistency. If the glaze cools/thickens up too much, it may not spread or blend evenly. Less is more here - you don't want too much spilling over the edges and ruining your gorgeous drips!",
"Smooth and tap - Hopefully you re-checked the consistency before filling in the center and it all oozes back together into a smooth finish. To help, use a small off-set spatula to gently even it out. I like to tap the bottom of the cake on the counter to help the top settle, smooth, and pop any air bubbles. A little “jiggling” of the cake helps too.",
"If you couldn't already tell by the photos, this Chocolate Dipped Strawberry Cake is absolutely delicious. Two things as simple and pure as dark chocolate and fresh strawberries have never tasted (or looked) so good. The chocolate cake is my classic recipe, scaled down for this small 6-inch cake. With Valentine's Day coming up, I wanted to create a decadent sweetheart cake to be intimately shared with your loved ones. The flavors a fresh and straightforward, nothing too fancy or overly complicated. But, I have to tell you, that strawberry buttercream really does taste like strawberries! It's so good. And of course, our chocolate glaze. Doesn't the whole cake look just like a chocolate-dipped strawberry?",
"Classic Chocolate Cake Ingredients – 1 1/4 cups all purpose flour – 1/2 cup unsweetened cocoa powder – 1 1/4 teaspoons baking soda – 1/4 teaspoon baking powder – 2 teaspoons instant espresso powder – 1/2 teaspoon salt – 1/4 cup + 1 tablespoon canola oil – 1 cup sugar – 1 egg + 1 egg yolk – 3/4 teaspoon vanilla extract – 3/4 cup milk – 1/2 cup warm water",
"6. In alternating batched (starting and ending with the dry), add in the dry and wet ingredients in about 3 batches. Mix until just combined.",
"9. Bake about 223 to 26 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the center of the cake comes out clean.",
"Fresh Strawberry Buttercream Frosting Ingredients – 3 large egg whites – 1 cup granulated sugar – 1 1⁄2 cups unsalted butter, softened – 1 teaspoon vanilla extract – 4 to 6 tablespoons strawberry puree (recipe to follow)",
"6. Using the whisk attachment, whip the egg mixture on high until stiff, glossy peaks and the outside of the mixing bowl returns to room temperature.",
"10. Adding in only a tablespoon or two at a time, beat in the strawberry puree (NOTE: forcing in that much liquid into the buttercream might be difficult and cause it to split. Work in small batches and keep beating until smooth).",
"2. Gently heat the cream and corn syrup until the cream begins to steam and barely come to a simmer.",
"– Let the cakes completely cool before trimming off the tops to make them level. – Use a few sliced strawberries to add to the strawberry buttercream for the filling. – Chill the frosted cake before adding the chocolate glaze (see tips for more info). – Store any leftover buttercream in the refrigerator for about 1 week or in the freezer (sorry, there might be leftovers with such a small cake).",
"Hi there, I'm Tessa Huff! Thank you for stopping by my sweet corner of the Internet. Happy Baking! Say hello: [tessa(at)stylesweetca.com]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Chocolate Dipped Strawberry Cake + my best tips for drippy cakes — Style Sweet\nCA\n\nMenu\n\nStreet Address\n\nCity, State, Zip\n\nPhone Number\n\na cake and pastry blog for the home baker\n\nYour Custom Text Here\n\n# Chocolate Dipped Strawberry Cake + my best tips for drippy cakes\n\nJanuary 27, 2016 Tessa Huff\n\nMy first real bakery job (minus scooping cookies and scones for the masses at\nthe UC Davis Coffee House), was as a cake decorator at Sacramento’s beloved\nFreeport Bakery. A month or so after applying to be a counter clerk, I found\nmyself in the kitchen on the night shift (the lowest tier of cake decorators),\nelbow deep in whipped cream, sliced strawberry, and chocolate ganache.\n\nOne of the key responsibilities for the night decorators was filling and\nfrosting the two different cakes that used fresh whipped cream to sell the\nfollowing morning. This was not because whipped cream was the easiest frosting\nto start the new cake decorators on (quite the opposite, in fact), it was\nbecause it needed to be made fresh everyday and was a big pain to work with\n(meaning nobody else wanted to deal with the few dozen cakes that are made and\nsold daily). The timing fit for us PM decorators (since the other cakes the AM\nshift frosted could be made and stored in advanced), but the theory was - if\nyou could ice a cake with whipped cream, then you would be prepared to ice a\ncake with anything. And let me tell, there were PLENTY of cakes to work on to\npractice and refine our cake decorating techniques.\n\nAlbeit delicious, the “Shadow Fresa” quickly became my nemesis. Layers of\nchocolate cake, whipped cream and sliced strawberries, whipped cream frosting,\nand a chocolate ganache drip around the edges. Whipped cream is one of the\nless stable frostings to work with, especially when made in large batches, so\nfilling and frosting a cake with it is not a simple task. The more you fuss\nwith the cream, the more difficult it becomes to work with - starting a\ndownward spiral of floppy peaks that won’t pipe or smooth out for the life of\nyou. Once you finally master frosting the Shadow Fresa comes the added bonus\nof drizzling chocolate ganache over the edges. If the ganache is too cold, it\ndoes not drizzle nor drip but either seizes up or remains as ugly blobs of\nchocolate. Too hot, and it melts and pulls the whipped cream right off the\nsides of the cake. Unless you heat the ganache to the perfect temperature,\nchances are you will be scraping whipped cream, hard work, and tears into the\ngarbage bin.\n\nThe Drip Cake Phenomenon ready picked up steam in 2015 (big thanks to rock-\nstar Katherine Sabbath) and is now a cake trend that just keeps getting\nbetter, more fanciful, and exceedingly more popular literally everyday. There\nare classic chocolate drips to neon, technicolored Willy Wonka drips – those\nleft rustic, natural, and beautiful to those covered in sprinkles, candy, gold\nleaf, donuts, etc. Whichever style you choose, anyone that has ever tried a\ndrip cake probably understands the pain and headache that usually comes along\nwith it. Use a glaze that is too runny, and it slides right off the sides and\npools at the bottom of the cake stand. Too thick, and you are trying to force,\nnudge, plead, and beg your drips to look natural and not like blobs left on\nthe side of your cake. Now, as an experienced cake-dripper (I’ve been\ndrizzling cakes since 2007 after all - ah, I’m old!), I thought I would share\nsome key pointers for creating gorgeous chocolate, ganache, caramel, and fruit\nglaze cake drips\n\nHow to Make Drip Cake Magic:\n\n 1. Chill your cake - A great start to a perfect drippy cake is a good base, or something for the chocolate or glaze to drip of off. A smooth buttercream finish works the best. Chilled, and you are golden. A cold, smooth cake not only creates a seamless, uninterrupted finish for the glaze to drip down, but the chilled cake helps control the drips from sliding all the way down the cake. Also, if the test drip doesn't turn out (see tip 5), it can easily be scraped off. Even when I drip a naked cake, I like to give it either aa bit of a crumb coat or ice just the top of the cake.\n 2. Use a recipe that works as a good glaze - This might be a no-brainer, but try to use a recipe that works as a suitable glaze. For example, honey by it self might be too runny while peanut butter is too thick. Recipes that I find suitable for drizzling include: chocolate ganache, white chocolate ganache (plain, flavored, or tinted with gel food coloring), chocolate glaze, caramel sauce (although sometimes a bit tricker and harder to set), and powdered sugar glaze (either mixed with a touch of milk or fruit juice/puree). I’m sure there are plenty more, but hopefully these are a good start for you all.\n 3. Patience - Many glazes and sauces are made on the stove or require some heat. You must allow the glaze to cool a bit before dripping on your cake. My basic chocolate glaze (recipe below) takes a good 10 to 15 minutes to cool. Freshly made caramel may take even longer!\n 4. Consistency is key! - Other than temperature, the consistency of the glaze is very important. Sometimes this directly relates to the temperature (ganache and caramel will thicken as they cool), but other times it does not. Regardless, you are looking for a glaze that is thick yet still fluid. It should slowly drip off of spoon, not run or plop. To adjust, wait until cool, add more powdered sugar/liquid, or reheat as necessary.\n 5. Test - The best way to find out if your glaze is the correct temperature and consistency? Try a few practice drips on the actual cake! If the glaze is really off then this might cause some damage to the cake, but chances are it won’t be tragic if it is slightly too warm or thick. Try these practice drips on the edge (not the center of the cake - see tip 6) and watch to see the rate at which it drips. Does is slide right off? Does it stop halfway down? Adjust accordingly before taking the glaze to the entire cake.\n 6. Work from the outside in - Until you have the confidence to pour your glaze over the top of your entire cake (I still don’t - unless I am feeling extra brave and adventurous that day), start by working with only a few drips at a time around the edge of your cake. Using a spoon, I start making drips around the edges. I find that I am able to control the drips and design of the cake more this way. I love the idea of “perfectly imperfect” so this helps give me back some control while the drips still (hopefully) appear natural. If this feels too staged or fake to you, then feel free to skip to tip 7 and really go for it!\n 7. Filling the center - Once I ensure that all of my individual drips are looking their best, it is time to fill in the center. At this point, the glaze or chocolate sometimes cools or thickens up on me, so I always re-check the consistency. If the glaze cools/thickens up too much, it may not spread or blend evenly. Less is more here - you don't want too much spilling over the edges and ruining your gorgeous drips!\n 8. Smooth and tap - Hopefully you re-checked the consistency before filling in the center and it all oozes back together into a smooth finish. To help, use a small off-set spatula to gently even it out. I like to tap the bottom of the cake on the counter to help the top settle, smooth, and pop any air bubbles. A little “jiggling” of the cake helps too.\n\nIf you couldn't already tell by the photos, this Chocolate Dipped Strawberry\nCake is absolutely delicious. Two things as simple and pure as dark chocolate\nand fresh strawberries have never tasted (or looked) so good. The chocolate\ncake is my classic recipe, scaled down for this small 6-inch cake. With\nValentine's Day coming up, I wanted to create a decadent sweetheart cake to be\nintimately shared with your loved ones. The flavors a fresh and\nstraightforward, nothing too fancy or overly complicated. But, I have to tell\nyou, that strawberry buttercream really does taste like strawberries! It's so\ngood. And of course, our chocolate glaze. Doesn't the whole cake look just\nlike a chocolate-dipped strawberry?\n\nClassic Chocolate Cake Ingredients – 1 1/4 cups all purpose flour – 1/2 cup\nunsweetened cocoa powder – 1 1/4 teaspoons baking soda – 1/4 teaspoon baking\npowder – 2 teaspoons instant espresso powder – 1/2 teaspoon salt – 1/4 cup + 1\ntablespoon canola oil – 1 cup sugar – 1 egg + 1 egg yolk – 3/4 teaspoon\nvanilla extract – 3/4 cup milk – 1/2 cup warm water\n\n1\\. Preheat over to 350 degrees. Grease and flour two 6-inch cake pans and set\naside.\n\n2\\. Sift together all of the dry ingredients (not the sugar) and set aside.\n\n3\\. Place sugar and oil in the bowl of an electric mixer.\n\n4\\. Mix with a paddle attachment until combined.\n\n5\\. Add in the egg, egg yolk, and vanilla. Mix until combined.\n\n6\\. In alternating batched (starting and ending with the dry), add in the dry\nand wet ingredients in about 3 batches. Mix until just combined.\n\n8\\. Evenly distribute the batter into the prepared pans.\n\n9\\. Bake about 223 to 26 minutes, or until a toothpick inserted into the\ncenter of the cake comes out clean.\n\n10\\. Let cool on a wire rack for about 15 minutes before removing the cakes\nfrom their pans.\n\nFresh Strawberry Buttercream Frosting Ingredients – 3 large egg whites – 1 cup\ngranulated sugar – 1 1⁄2 cups unsalted butter, softened – 1 teaspoon vanilla\nextract – 4 to 6 tablespoons strawberry puree (recipe to follow)\n\n1\\. Place the egg whites and sugar in the bowl of an electric mixer. Gently\nwhisk until combined.\n\n2\\. Fill a medium saucepan with a few inches of water and place over medium\nheat.\n\n3\\. Place the mixing bowl on top of the saucepan to create a double boiler.\n\n4\\. Whisking occasionally, heat the egg mixture until it registers between 150\nto 160 degrees on a candy thermometer.\n\n5\\. Once hot, carefully return the mixing bowl to the electric mixer.\n\n6\\. Using the whisk attachment, whip the egg mixture on high until stiff,\nglossy peaks and the outside of the mixing bowl returns to room temperature.\n\n7\\. Turn down the mixer to medium-low, and add in the butter, a few\ntablespoons at a time.\n\n8\\. Once the butter is incorporated, stop the mixer and swap the whisk for the\npaddle attachment.\n\n9\\. Add in the vanilla and beat until smooth.\n\n10\\. Adding in only a tablespoon or two at a time, beat in the strawberry\npuree (NOTE: forcing in that much liquid into the buttercream might be\ndifficult and cause it to split. Work in small batches and keep beating until\nsmooth).\n\nStrawberry Puree Ingredients – 6 to 8 medium strawberries – 2 tablespoons\ngranulated sugar – pinch salt\n\nBlend in a food processor until fairly smooth. It is okay if some small chunks\nare still present.\n\nChocolate Glaze Ingredients 2 ounces dark chocolate, chopped 1⁄4 cup heavy\ncream 2 tablespoons white corn syrup pinch salt\n\n1\\. Place the chocolate in a heat-safe bowl and set aside.\n\n2\\. Gently heat the cream and corn syrup until the cream begins to steam and\nbarely come to a simmer.\n\n3\\. Pour the cream mixture over the chopped chocolate and whisk until smooth.\n\n4\\. Stir in pinch salt, if desired.\n\n5\\. Place chocolate glaze in the refrigerator for about 10 to 15 minutes\nbefore dripping over the finished cake.\n\nAssembly Tips\n\n– Let the cakes completely cool before trimming off the tops to make them\nlevel. – Use a few sliced strawberries to add to the strawberry buttercream\nfor the filling. – Chill the frosted cake before adding the chocolate glaze\n(see tips for more info). – Store any leftover buttercream in the refrigerator\nfor about 1 week or in the freezer (sorry, there might be leftovers with such\na small cake).\n\nIn Tutorial, Tutorials Tags chocolate chips, strawberry, strawberry\nbuttercream, how to, drip cake, recipe, resources\n\nWelcome to Style Sweet CA - a cake and pastry blog for the home baker.\n\nHi there, I'm Tessa Huff! Thank you for stopping by my sweet corner of the\nInternet. Happy Baking! Say hello: [tessa(at)stylesweetca.com]\n\nPreorder your copy of Icing On the Cake! Baking and Decorating Simple,\nStunning Desserts at Home\n\nWatch the official trailer for \"Layered: Baking, Building, and Styling\nSpectacular Cakes\" here!\n\n## Resources\n\nFeatured\n\nLayer Cake 101\n\nHow to Make a Watercolor Cake\n\nHow to Make Swiss Meringue Buttercream\n\nChocolate Dipped Strawberry Cake + my best tips for drippy cakes\n\nHow to Make the Best Butter Cake\n\nHow to Make a Naked Cake\n\nHow to Write a Cookbook: Part 1\n\nHow to Ice a Cake 2.0\n\nBlog RSS\n\n## Latest 'Grams\n\n## Favorite Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nTurn an abundance of summer squash into this Lemon Zucchini Cake!\n\nSpiced Chocolate Toffee Crunch Cake\n\nTriple Chocolate Peppermint Sandwich Cookies\n\nPistachio Linzer Cookies\n\nChocolate Peppermint Bundt Cake\n\nThe Best Carrot Cake Recipe with Brown Butter Frosting\n\nemail [tessa(at)stylesweetca.com].\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.craftsy.com/blog/2016/04/drip-cake/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170917013359/https://www.craftsy.com/blog/2016/04/drip-cake/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make a Trendy Drip Cake",
"passages": [
"Learn from the world's best cake decorating instructors when you join Craftsy now. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!",
"Have you tried the latest cake craze yet? We can’t get enough of the colorful buttercream cakes with chocolate dripping oh-so luxuriously down the sides. A drip cake is so versatile, fun and darn tempting that it’s easy to see why everyone loves them.",
"To add that drool-worthy drizzle that adorns the sides, you can use melted tempered chocolate, confectionary coating or even whip up a simple powdered sugar and extract mix. But to get the perfect consistency, you need a delicious ganache glaze! Read on to find out how to make an easy ganache glaze for cakes.",
"Is it dark chocolate that you desire?! Achieve this same awesome look but in rich, dark chocolate with this downloadable recipe! Get the FREE recipe",
"Chilled buttercream- or fondant-covered cake. (The chilled part is important! Keep it in the fridge until you’re ready to add the glaze)",
"Weigh out equal measurements of chocolate (white, milk or dark) and heavy cream. We stick to a 50/50 recipe for a ganache glaze, as this creates a really great consistency for drips and drizzles. Combine the chocolate and cream in a microwaveable glass bowl or cup and mix well.",
"Microwave the cream and chocolate mixture until the chocolate melts. Heating up your ganache can vary depending on your appliance, so we recommend taking it out and checking it every 30 seconds. Make sure you keep checking — we’re pretty sure you won’t want burnt chocolate!",
"Once your ganache has melted enough that both ingredients mix together to form a runny, silky and bump-free glaze, you’re ready to roll!",
"Now for the fun part! Turning your ganache glaze bright and vibrant colors is definitely one of the best steps. Add the gel or paste to achieve the color you want.",
"You’ll need a good gel or paste food color that works well with chocolate, so make sure you check the label! There are a few food colors out there that do not play well with chocolate.",
"Remove your chilled cake from the fridge. A super-cold cake is ideal for adding a ganache glaze, as it helps slow down and set the glaze so you don’t end up with a runny mess! Your warm glaze is definitely not going to play well with a room-temperature cake.",
"One of the tricks to getting that perfect dripped look on the sides of cakes is to spoon your glaze mixture on bit by bit. You need to have some control over the drips, so it makes sense to go small. Some people even pipe a little out using disposable piping bags. Whatever your preference is, make sure not to dump a load of glaze on top.",
"Now you can fill in the top of your cake with the rest of your glaze. Try not to add too much; instead, spoon this on bit by bit too. If you add more glaze than you need to you’re going to end up with an out-of-control mess, so take it easy.",
"Hi Denise Young, Thanks for your comment. We’re happy the tutorial helped you out. We bet your cake was amazing!",
"It’s just a simple sugar waffle ice cream cone! They’re edible, tasty and also it helps make decorating a whole lot easier too.",
"Is it possible to still get a good effect with a crumb coated cake, I want to keep it crumb coated / naked look but want the ganache drip effect 🙂 thanks!",
"Hi Aimee, We think that’d look awesome too. In fact, a lot of naked cakes have been featuring the cool drip effect lately!",
"hello, I made a dripping cake for the first time but my cake is covered in fondant. Can I put it in the fridge over night now that I added the dripping or will it ruin the drip? I don’t want it to crack or look bad from being cold but it’s so hot here that my fondant will melt if I don’t. Thank you for your help",
"This looks amazing!!! I can’t wait to try it myself! How did you make the scoop of ice cream? Is it icing or a cupcake dipped in the colored ganache?",
"Do you know if the ganache will ‘melt’ again during an 1 1/2 hour car ride? Also, how did you secure the cone at the top? I’d rather have the cake complete before transport but I don’t want it to fall apart or melt. Any tips? Thank you!!",
"We probably wouldn’t recommend it, but it will depend on the weather where you live. If you’re somewhere cold or even mild and keep the air-con on full blast in your car (you may need a scarf and coat) it should be OK.",
"We created the ice cream cone simply by making a huge cake pop ball and also using a cut down dowel rod inserted into the ‘ice cream’ that was then driven into the centre of the cake itself. Hope this helps you out!",
"We probably wouldn’t recommend it, but it will depend on the weather where you live. If you’re somewhere cold or even mild and keep the air-con on full blast in your car (you may need a scarf and coat) it should be OK.",
"We created the ice cream cone simply by making a huge cake pop ball and also using a cut down dowel rod inserted into the ‘ice cream’ that was then driven into the centre of the cake itself. Hope this helps you out!",
"This ganache is not suitable for a drop cake much too thin and not how most people make ganache! I am honestly getting sick of pretty pictures and recipes that I find on the Internet that don’t produce results!",
"I don’t recommend 50/50 chocolate to cream. It’s way too thin. I used white chocolate and also candy melts with terrible results. Try 3 to 1 chocolate to cream instead.",
"In the Materials Needed section, click on “food coloring”. It’s a live link that takes you to the wilton’s coloring they used.",
"It looks like the product is pretty glossy, is this how it will come out or will the glaze be a matte finish? I plan on making either a red drip cake or caramel and I feel like the red will stay put better on the cake for a summer wedding as opposed to caramel but I wanted to know what the finished product will look like.",
"This was a total fail for me. I used 50/50 ratio, ganache was not too hot and cake was chilled but it was a complete mess 🙁",
"I have a question about dripping the ganache over fondant... can you? You have to chill the cake before pouring the drip but you shouldnt refrigerate fondant, so how do you do it? Would it work out? Thanks!",
"I refrigerate fondant all the time and it holds up just fine. Just don’t freeze it then try to bring it to room temp or it will have too much condensation on it and then run."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make a Trendy Drip Cake\n\nBlog Home / Cake Decorating Blog / Make a Chocolate-Covered Cake That’s\n(Literally) Dripping With Fun\n\n * The Man About Cake Blog\n * Advanced Cake Decorating\n * Fundamentals\n * Fondant\n * All Occasion Cakes\n * Sculpted & Novelty\n * Sugar Flowers\n * Specialty Skills\n * Wedding Cakes\n * Business Basics\n\n#### Subscribe & Join Craftsy\n\nLearn from the world's best cake decorating instructors when you join Craftsy\nnow. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\n\n#### Get Tutorials, Tips & More\n\nBe the first to enjoy new cake decorating tutorials, resources, contests,\ngiveaways & much more. It's free!\n\nSubscribe Now »\n\n#### Success!\n\nCheck your inbox for a subscription activation email to enjoy all the perks of\nbeing a Craftsy blog buddy.\n\n### Cake Decorating Blog\n\n# Make a Chocolate-Covered Cake That’s (Literally) Dripping With Fun\n\nBy Felicity and Krystle on April 19, 2016\n\nFavorited Add to Favorites\n\nHave you tried the latest cake craze yet? We can’t get enough of the colorful\nbuttercream cakes with chocolate dripping oh-so luxuriously down the sides. A\ndrip cake is so versatile, fun and darn tempting that it’s easy to see why\neveryone loves them.\n\nTo add that drool-worthy drizzle that adorns the sides, you can use melted\ntempered chocolate, confectionary coating or even whip up a simple powdered\nsugar and extract mix. But to get the perfect consistency, you need a\ndelicious ganache glaze! Read on to find out how to make an easy ganache glaze\nfor cakes.\n\n## Decadent Dark Chocolate Glaze\n\nIs it dark chocolate that you desire?! Achieve this same awesome look but in\nrich, dark chocolate with this downloadable recipe! Get the FREE recipe\n\n## How to make an easy glaze for a trendy, finger-licking-good drip cake\n\n### Materials needed:\n\n * Chilled buttercream- or fondant-covered cake. (The chilled part is important! Keep it in the fridge until you’re ready to add the glaze)\n * Heavy cream (aka whipping or double cream)\n * Tempered chocolate or confectionary coating\n * Gel or paste food coloring (appropriate for use with chocolate)\n * Angled palette knife\n * Tablespoon\n * Microwaveable glass bowl\n * Spatula\n\n## Watch it in action!\n\nCheck out this tutorial on how to make a beautiful candy drip cake from\nCraftsy instructor Joshua John Russell.\n\n### Step 1:\n\nWeigh out equal measurements of chocolate (white, milk or dark) and heavy\ncream. We stick to a 50/50 recipe for a ganache glaze, as this creates a\nreally great consistency for drips and drizzles. Combine the chocolate and\ncream in a microwaveable glass bowl or cup and mix well.\n\n### Step 2:\n\nMicrowave the cream and chocolate mixture until the chocolate melts. Heating\nup your ganache can vary depending on your appliance, so we recommend taking\nit out and checking it every 30 seconds. Make sure you keep checking — we’re\npretty sure you won’t want burnt chocolate!\n\nOnce your ganache has melted enough that both ingredients mix together to form\na runny, silky and bump-free glaze, you’re ready to roll!\n\n### Step 3:\n\nNow for the fun part! Turning your ganache glaze bright and vibrant colors is\ndefinitely one of the best steps. Add the gel or paste to achieve the color\nyou want.\n\nTop tip alert!\n\nYou’ll need a good gel or paste food color that works well with chocolate, so\nmake sure you check the label! There are a few food colors out there that do\nnot play well with chocolate.\n\n### Step 4:\n\nRemove your chilled cake from the fridge. A super-cold cake is ideal for\nadding a ganache glaze, as it helps slow down and set the glaze so you don’t\nend up with a runny mess! Your warm glaze is definitely not going to play well\nwith a room-temperature cake.\n\nOne of the tricks to getting that perfect dripped look on the sides of cakes\nis to spoon your glaze mixture on bit by bit. You need to have some control\nover the drips, so it makes sense to go small. Some people even pipe a little\nout using disposable piping bags. Whatever your preference is, make sure not\nto dump a load of glaze on top.\n\n### Step 5:\n\nNow you can fill in the top of your cake with the rest of your glaze. Try not\nto add too much; instead, spoon this on bit by bit too. If you add more glaze\nthan you need to you’re going to end up with an out-of-control mess, so take\nit easy.\n\n## Our Favorite Chocolate Cake Recipe — FREE!\n\nLet’s get baking! Try our free chocolate cake recipe for your next sweet\ncreation.Get the Recipe\n\n### 34 Comments\n\nDenise Young May 2nd, 2016\n\nThank you I made this today and lived it ! Shame I can’t send a picture here !\n\nReply\n\nFelicity and Krystle June 22nd, 2016\n\nHi Denise Young, Thanks for your comment. We’re happy the tutorial helped you\nout. We bet your cake was amazing!\n\nReply\n\nJen H June 2nd, 2016\n\nSo pretty! What’s the “ice cream” inside the cone made of?\n\nReply\n\nFelicity and Krystle June 22nd, 2016\n\nHi there Jen H,\n\nIt’s just a simple sugar waffle ice cream cone! They’re edible, tasty and also\nit helps make decorating a whole lot easier too.\n\nReply\n\nKylie November 11th, 2016\n\nI think Jen was asking about the “Ice Cream” INSIDE the cone. 🙂 What is THAT\nmade of?\n\nReply\n\nAshlynn February 16th, 2017\n\nIts probably a cake pop kind of thing... Crumbled cake mixed with frosting.\n\nReply\n\nAimee June 18th, 2016\n\nHi,\n\nIs it possible to still get a good effect with a crumb coated cake, I want to\nkeep it crumb coated / naked look but want the ganache drip effect 🙂 thanks!\n\nReply\n\nFelicity and Krystle June 22nd, 2016\n\nHi Aimee, We think that’d look awesome too. In fact, a lot of naked cakes have\nbeen featuring the cool drip effect lately!\n\nReply\n\nElizabeth June 23rd, 2016\n\nhello, I made a dripping cake for the first time but my cake is covered in\nfondant. Can I put it in the fridge over night now that I added the dripping\nor will it ruin the drip? I don’t want it to crack or look bad from being cold\nbut it’s so hot here that my fondant will melt if I don’t. Thank you for your\nhelp\n\nReply\n\nhi January 5th, 2017\n\nno its ganache\n\nReply\n\nKarena Smith June 24th, 2016\n\nHi,\n\nThis looks amazing!!! I can’t wait to try it myself! How did you make the\nscoop of ice cream? Is it icing or a cupcake dipped in the colored ganache?\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\nBrittany July 15th, 2016\n\nHi,\n\nDo you know if the ganache will ‘melt’ again during an 1 1/2 hour car ride?\nAlso, how did you secure the cone at the top? I’d rather have the cake\ncomplete before transport but I don’t want it to fall apart or melt. Any tips?\nThank you!!\n\nReply\n\nFelicity and Krystle July 16th, 2016\n\nHi there Brittany,\n\nWe probably wouldn’t recommend it, but it will depend on the weather where you\nlive. If you’re somewhere cold or even mild and keep the air-con on full blast\nin your car (you may need a scarf and coat) it should be OK.\n\nWe created the ice cream cone simply by making a huge cake pop ball and also\nusing a cut down dowel rod inserted into the ‘ice cream’ that was then driven\ninto the centre of the cake itself. Hope this helps you out!\n\nReply\n\nFelicity and Krystle July 16th, 2016\n\nHi there Brittany,\n\nWe probably wouldn’t recommend it, but it will depend on the weather where you\nlive. If you’re somewhere cold or even mild and keep the air-con on full blast\nin your car (you may need a scarf and coat) it should be OK.\n\nWe created the ice cream cone simply by making a huge cake pop ball and also\nusing a cut down dowel rod inserted into the ‘ice cream’ that was then driven\ninto the centre of the cake itself. Hope this helps you out!\n\nReply\n\nshell July 17th, 2016\n\nWhat brand & colour did you use for dripped icing please???\n\nReply\n\nNicole July 20th, 2016\n\nHi. I would love to know the brand and colour used for the dripping too please\n😊\n\nReply\n\nJaime August 8th, 2016\n\nHow long does it take the ganache to set completely?\n\nReply\n\nSherona August 17th, 2016\n\nKindly can you advise the brand if the oil based food coloring used?\n\nThanks\n\nReply\n\nMaartje September 28th, 2016\n\nHow much cream/chocolate would you recommend to use to cover one cake of 20\ncm/ 7 inches?\n\nReply\n\nLydia October 5th, 2016\n\nThis ganache is not suitable for a drop cake much too thin and not how most\npeople make ganache! I am honestly getting sick of pretty pictures and recipes\nthat I find on the Internet that don’t produce results!\n\nReply\n\nTissa August 26th, 2017\n\nYES Girl!! Just ruined a cake I had worked on for hours with it!!!!\n\nReply\n\nBreanne September 8th, 2017\n\nSame here. Just ruined my cake.... WAY too thin.\n\nReply\n\nCheryl January 29th, 2017\n\nThank you for your simple and clear instructions. More importantly, your tips.\n\nReply\n\nFrancesca Daley Arnold February 7th, 2017\n\nCould i have the measurements please\n\nReply\n\nMary February 20th, 2017\n\nWould this ganache work on a whipped cream icing?.. made from cream cheese\nwith sugar as the base?\n\nReply\n\nJacqui March 30th, 2017\n\nI don’t recommend 50/50 chocolate to cream. It’s way too thin. I used white\nchocolate and also candy melts with terrible results. Try 3 to 1 chocolate to\ncream instead.\n\nReply\n\nEmma April 13th, 2017\n\nHi what are the measurements for the 50/50? is it grams to mls for the\nchocolate vs cream? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\nNicole April 23rd, 2017\n\nGreat tutorial. Wish they included the brand of pink they used, hate it when\nthey leave out vital information\n\nReply\n\nKT May 3rd, 2017\n\nIn the Materials Needed section, click on “food coloring”. It’s a live link\nthat takes you to the wilton’s coloring they used.\n\nReply\n\nemma mackenzie May 18th, 2017\n\nwhat do you use as the ice cream ball?\n\nReply\n\nChrista May 26th, 2017\n\nIt looks like the product is pretty glossy, is this how it will come out or\nwill the glaze be a matte finish? I plan on making either a red drip cake or\ncaramel and I feel like the red will stay put better on the cake for a summer\nwedding as opposed to caramel but I wanted to know what the finished product\nwill look like.\n\nReply\n\nZach June 1st, 2017\n\nThis was a total fail for me. I used 50/50 ratio, ganache was not too hot and\ncake was chilled but it was a complete mess 🙁\n\nReply\n\nLindsey July 6th, 2017\n\nI have a question about dripping the ganache over fondant... can you? You have\nto chill the cake before pouring the drip but you shouldnt refrigerate\nfondant, so how do you do it? Would it work out? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\nJenna August 30th, 2017\n\nI refrigerate fondant all the time and it holds up just fine. Just don’t\nfreeze it then try to bring it to room temp or it will have too much\ncondensation on it and then run.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nLeave a Reply\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Miniaturize This: How To Make Adorable Mini Cakes\n * How to Crumb Coat a Cake\n * Simply Delicious Ways to Elevate and Flavor Homemade Buttercream\n\n#### ABOUT\n\n * Blog\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Media\n * Partnerships\n * Affiliate Program\n\n * Blog\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Media\n * Partnerships\n * Affiliate Program\n\n#### CONNECT\n\n * Youtube\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n\n * Youtube\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n\n#### Need Help?\n\n * Craftsy Help\n * Online Classes\n * Kits & Supplies\n * Patterns\n * Shipping & Returns\n * Account\n * Mobile Apps\n\n * Craftsy Help\n * Online Classes\n * Kits & Supplies\n * Patterns\n * Shipping & Returns\n * Account\n * Mobile Apps\n\n#### Take Craftsy with you!\n\nGet Craftsy Apps for iOS & Android.\n\n#### © 2017 Craftsy & Sympoz Inc.\n\nTerms of Use Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/how-to-frost-a-cake",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201030074858/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/how-to-frost-a-cake",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Frost a Cake",
"passages": [
"Put a dab of frosting on the cake stand Dab a couple tablespoons of frosting on the stand before putting down the first cake layer. This will prevent the cake from sliding.",
"Tip: If you don’t have a cake stand, turn a large, wide-bottomed mixing bowl upside down and place a plate on top of it. Frosting is easier when the cake is elevated and closer to eye level.",
"Place the first cake layer on the stand Put the cake layer on top of the frosting right-side up so that the flat bottom sits on the stand.",
"Tip: Cool your cake layers upside down to help flatten them out, which will make your final cake much prettier and easier to assemble.",
"Put a few strips of parchment paper under your cake Tuck overlapping pieces of parchment paper under the edge of the cake; this will help keep your stand clean as you frost.",
"Start with 1 to 11⁄2 cups of frosting Using an offset spatula, put a big dollop of frosting—about 1 to 11⁄2 cups—on top of the bottom layer.",
"Spread the frosting just beyond the edge of your cake Using the spatula, start in the middle of the cake and spread the frosting evenly over the top and just past the edge of the top surface. The overhang of frosting will help you frost the sides of the cake.",
"Place the second layer top-side down Place the second cake layer on top and press gently to make sure it sticks. Take a step back and check that it is level and centered.",
"Use 1 to 11⁄2 cups of frosting for the second layer Put a big dollop of frosting on the center of the cake and, using the offset spatula, spread it to the edges. If you get crumbs in the frosting, simply scrape the dirty frosting off your spatula into a separate bowl.",
"Tip: Be generous when you start to frost. You can always scrape some off if you end up with too much, but if you start with too little, you risk pulling crumbs from the cake into the frosting.",
"Frost the sides in sections Think of the cake in quarters and tackle one quarter at a time, turning the cake stand as you go. Aim to get the cake covered with frosting first.",
"Smooth out the frosting or create any look you like Once the cake is frosted, you can go back and beautify. Smooth out the frosting or create swirls or other textures. Remove any excess frosting. Gently pull away the strips of parchment paper to reveal your beautifully frosted cake.",
"All products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Frost a Cake | Real Simple\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Real Simple\n\nReal Simple Real Simple\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * My Account\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Free Organizing App this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# How To: Assemble and Frost a Layer Cake\n\nGet our tips and tricks for stacking and frosting a beautiful, professional-\nlooking cake every time.\n\nBy Real Simple Editors\n\nUpdated February 07, 2019\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\nGet our tips and tricks for stacking and frosting a beautiful, professional-\nlooking cake every time.\n\n## What You Need\n\n * cake layers\n * cake stand\n * parchment paper\n * frosting\n * offset spatula\n\n## Follow These Steps\n\n 1. Put a dab of frosting on the cake stand Dab a couple tablespoons of frosting on the stand before putting down the first cake layer. This will prevent the cake from sliding.\n\nTip: If you don’t have a cake stand, turn a large, wide-bottomed mixing bowl\nupside down and place a plate on top of it. Frosting is easier when the cake\nis elevated and closer to eye level.\n\n 2. Place the first cake layer on the stand Put the cake layer on top of the frosting right-side up so that the flat bottom sits on the stand.\n\nTip: Cool your cake layers upside down to help flatten them out, which will\nmake your final cake much prettier and easier to assemble.\n\n 3. Put a few strips of parchment paper under your cake Tuck overlapping pieces of parchment paper under the edge of the cake; this will help keep your stand clean as you frost.\n 4. Start with 1 to 11⁄2 cups of frosting Using an offset spatula, put a big dollop of frosting—about 1 to 11⁄2 cups—on top of the bottom layer.\n 5. Spread the frosting just beyond the edge of your cake Using the spatula, start in the middle of the cake and spread the frosting evenly over the top and just past the edge of the top surface. The overhang of frosting will help you frost the sides of the cake.\n 6. Place the second layer top-side down Place the second cake layer on top and press gently to make sure it sticks. Take a step back and check that it is level and centered.\n 7. Use 1 to 11⁄2 cups of frosting for the second layer Put a big dollop of frosting on the center of the cake and, using the offset spatula, spread it to the edges. If you get crumbs in the frosting, simply scrape the dirty frosting off your spatula into a separate bowl.\n\nTip: Be generous when you start to frost. You can always scrape some off if\nyou end up with too much, but if you start with too little, you risk pulling\ncrumbs from the cake into the frosting.\n\n 8. Frost the sides in sections Think of the cake in quarters and tackle one quarter at a time, turning the cake stand as you go. Aim to get the cake covered with frosting first.\n 9. Smooth out the frosting or create any look you like Once the cake is frosted, you can go back and beautify. Smooth out the frosting or create swirls or other textures. Remove any excess frosting. Gently pull away the strips of parchment paper to reveal your beautifully frosted cake.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Real Simple\n\n * Bakeware Sets\n * Cake Pans\n * Muffin Pans\n * Baking Dishes\n * Silicone Molds\n * Rolling Pins\n * Cookie Cutters\n * Cooling Racks\n * Baking Mats\n * Cookie Cutters\n * Shop More\n\nReal Simple may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\nlinks contained on this website.\n\nReal Simple\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple\nmay receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email\non this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple\nis part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporationthis\nlink opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part\nwithout permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\nTerms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a\nnew tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web\nAccessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.realsimple.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow To: Assemble and Frost a Layer Cake\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mycakeschool.com/recipes/ganache-drip-recipe/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112022957/https://www.mycakeschool.com/recipes/ganache-drip-recipe/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Ganache Drip Recipe",
"passages": [
"Today I’m sharing a super easy, fabulously delicious two-ingredient ganache drip recipe which not only can be prepared in the microwave, but can also be whipped for cake and cupcake fillings or swirled onto cupcakes.",
"Ganache sounds so sophisticated and fancy, doesn’t it? Before I became a “cake lady”, I never would have guessed how simple it is to make.",
"Beautiful drip cakes continue to be hugely popular and thankfully, this cake trend is surprisingly easy to achieve no matter what your level of cake decorating!",
"Since we are making a glaze suitable for a beautiful decorative drip, I’m going with a 1:1 ratio of chocolate to cream. This will give us an easily pourable (and drip-able) consistency.",
"If we needed a thicker, more spreadable ganache frosting that will set up firm (often used beneath fondant), I would use a 2:1 ratio of chocolate to cream for a semi-sweet or dark chocolate ganache.",
"When creating a white chocolate or milk chocolate ganache drip, you’ll want to increase your ratio of chocolate to cream. Otherwise, the resulting ganache will likely be too soft and runny.",
"For a ganache drip, increase the ratio to 3:1. (This is the ratio that we used in our pastel Reverse Drip Cake video tutorial from our member section.)",
"Here are our key players: heavy cream, chocolate, and a scale. You’ll want equal amounts of chocolate and cream by weight.",
"This basic recipe calls for 10 oz (283 g) chocolate & 10 oz (283 g) heavy cream. This will give us plenty for a ganache drip around the sides of a cake as well as the top, plus a bit of leftover for glazing cake layers, a whipped ganache filling, or a little chocolatey snack ;0)",
"If you only need enough ganache to cover the top of a cake plus a ganache drip, you could get away with using 8 oz. of chocolate to 8 oz cream, but I’m always happy to have a little leftover!",
"*We used 10 oz chocolate and 10 oz cream. If you are using smaller amounts, you will not need to microwave this long. Sometimes we go with 12 oz chocolate, 12 oz cream as in our video. The important thing is the 1:1 ratio.",
"After 30 more seconds in the microwave, the chocolate pieces had almost melted. I allowed it to sit for a minute before stirring so that it could melt a bit more.",
"I always try to stir by keeping my spoon beneath the surface of the ganache so that I won’t create too many air bubbles.",
"Before you know it, with a bit of stirring the cream and chocolate mixture will suddenly transform into a luscious, silky smooth ganache!",
"The consistency is perfect for a ganache drip while just barely warm, and it is also perfect for glazing cupcakes.",
"As it sits, it will set up a bit and begin to thicken but will remain soft. If it cools off and becomes too thick before you have a chance to decorate your cake, simply reheat the ganache in small increments until it’s reached the desired consistency.",
"When the consistency of the ganache has begun to thicken slightly (it doesn’t take long), I like to use my spoon to dot a few drips on the inside edge of my ganache bowl to see if they quickly run all the way down, or if they stop midway down. This will give you an indication of what will happen when you apply your drips to the cake.",
"If the ganache runs quickly from top to bottom of the inside of your ganache bowl, it needs to cool a little longer. If the ganache barely moves, or comes out extra thick, it has cooled too much and needs to be reheated slightly.",
"We hope that you enjoy this sinfully delicious, EASY ganache! It’s always a crowd pleaser and is so beautiful when dripped and drizzled over cakes and cupcakes. Nobody has to know how easy it is to make, it’ll be our little secret!",
"In the photo below, I’ve filled a disposable piping bag with our ganache and snipped the tip away so that the drip can easily be piped. If the ganache drip is warm, it should flow easily and fairly quickly. Apply slight pressure to create long drips as you work your way around the cake.",
"This ganache drip recipe also be transformed into a delightful whipped ganache! To do this, allow the ganache to set up at room temperature for about 2-3 hours or until it has thickened to a good frosting consistency (some describe it as a peanut-butter consistency). Then, whip with a hand mixer until it fluffs up– sometimes this can take as little as 30 seconds.",
"Whipped ganache makes a wonderful filling for cakes and cupcakes, and also for frosting cupcakes with swirls! These were piped with a 1M tip (a 2D tip works well too.) This whipped ganache is not an ideal consistency for frosting over an entire cake, but it is great for a little decorative piping or swirling onto cupcakes.",
"Hop on over to find our amazing scratch Oreo Cake recipe, featuring this simple and easy ganache drip! SO good!: Scratch Oreo Cake Recipe",
"Finally, here’s our Ganache Drip in action! We created a quick minute-video when we decorated our DELICIOUS Mint Chocolate Chip Cake so that you could see how easily a ganache drip can be applied to a cake by just loading it into a piping bag, snipping away the tip, and giving it a whirl on the turntable! Oh the drama!",
"This decadent and dramatic ganache drip recipe is SO easy to make! We love to add it to our cakes for an added wow factor (plus, it's delicious)!",
"Pour heavy cream over the chocolate and place in the microwave for 1 minute. (Times may vary, see our note below).",
"Remove and stir. Microwave for 30 seconds more and when the chocolate has melted almost completely, allow it to sit for 1 minute more before stirring. Stir until you've reached a silky smooth consistency.",
"*Microwave times may vary. If you are making a smaller amount of ganache, you will reduce the microwave time. If your chocolate hasn't melted after the 1 1/2 minutes recommended in the instructions, simply microwave in small 10-15 second increments until it has nearly completely melted. Let sit one minute, then stir until smooth.",
"The ganache will cool as it thickens. Cool for about 15-20 minutes or until you can pipe drips along the inside of your bowl and get the look that you are going for. (If the ganache is too warm, the drips will run all the way down. If they only drip part of the way down the bowl, it is ready. Some of this comes down to personal preference.)",
"I load my ganache into a disposable piping bag and snip the end away (start with a small hole, you can always make it larger).",
"Thanks for stopping by! Don’t forget to check out our full collection of FAVORITE cake and frosting recipes in our Recipes Section! As well as our ever-growing collection of free cake decorating tutorials in our Free Cake Tutorials Section!",
"And finally, if you LOVE cake decorating and would like to have full access to our entire cake decorating video section, you should consider becoming a member of My Cake School! You can find all of the details here: My Cake School Membership Information. We’d love to have you!!",
"Hi Panna, You probably won’t need to add powdered sugar. When ganache is first made it is pourable. As it cools to room temperature it begins to thicken, at this time you can whip it with your mixed and it will lighten in color and become fluffy. If you want to add powdered sugar. Allow ganache to cool about 2 hours. Sift the powdered sugar before adding. The powdered sugar will add sweetness to the ganache and lighten the color.",
"Hi Sukayna, I’m glad all went well. Yes, you can freeze ganache. Make sure it is in a container that is airtight so it will not absorb other odors from the freezer. I think it can be frozen for a long time, 10 to 12 months. Let it thaw slowly to room temperature when ready to use again.",
"Hi. I always have a problem when piping Ganache to decorate cupcakes. It starts to flop and the pattern lose its shape",
"Hi Sheril- Are you trying to pipe with the ganache as in our video when it has been whipped? That should give you a consistency that is thick enough for piping. You could also try using a different ratio for a thicker consistency of frosting. Using a little more chocolate rather than equal parts chocolate and cream. For example, a 2:1 ratio of chocolate to cream yields a thicker consistency of ganache which sets up fairly firm.",
"Welcome! We'd love for you to check out our free cake tutorials & recipes, or join our site for online access to hundreds of videos and more!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Ganache Drip Recipe | My Cake School\n\nMy Cake School\n\nCake Decorating Classes Online\n\nLogin\n\n# Ganache Drip Recipe\n\nJanuary 13, 2017 By Melissa D. 58 Comments\n\nJump to Recipe\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Pin\n\n51.1kshares\n\nToday I’m sharing a super easy, fabulously delicious two-ingredient ganache\ndrip recipe which not only can be prepared in the microwave, but can also be\nwhipped for cake and cupcake fillings or swirled onto cupcakes.\n\nGanache sounds so sophisticated and fancy, doesn’t it? Before I became a “cake\nlady”, I never would have guessed how simple it is to make.\n\nReally, this ganache drip recipe has just two ingredients!\n\nBeautiful drip cakes continue to be hugely popular and thankfully, this cake\ntrend is surprisingly easy to achieve no matter what your level of cake\ndecorating!\n\nThe two ingredients that we’re working with are heavy cream and dark\nchocolate.\n\nSince we are making a glaze suitable for a beautiful decorative drip, I’m\ngoing with a 1:1 ratio of chocolate to cream. This will give us an easily\npourable (and drip-able) consistency.\n\nIf we needed a thicker, more spreadable ganache frosting that will set up firm\n(often used beneath fondant), I would use a 2:1 ratio of chocolate to cream\nfor a semi-sweet or dark chocolate ganache.\n\n## Here’s our full Video of How to Make an Easy Ganache Drip and Whipped\nGanache in the Microwave (And how to apply it)!\n\nnbsp;\n\nNote that White Chocolate and Milk Chocolate play by different rules!\n\n * When creating a white chocolate or milk chocolate ganache drip, you’ll want to increase your ratio of chocolate to cream. Otherwise, the resulting ganache will likely be too soft and runny.\n\nFor a ganache drip, increase the ratio to 3:1. (This is the ratio that we used\nin our pastel Reverse Drip Cake video tutorial from our member section.)\n\n## How to Make a Chocolate Ganache Drip\n\nHere are our key players: heavy cream, chocolate, and a scale. You’ll want\nequal amounts of chocolate and cream by weight.\n\n***Note that in my video above, we used semi-sweet chocolate, which also works\nwell.\n\nThis basic recipe calls for 10 oz (283 g) chocolate & 10 oz (283 g) heavy\ncream. This will give us plenty for a ganache drip around the sides of a cake\nas well as the top, plus a bit of leftover for glazing cake layers, a whipped\nganache filling, or a little chocolatey snack ;0)\n\nIf you only need enough ganache to cover the top of a cake plus a ganache\ndrip, you could get away with using 8 oz. of chocolate to 8 oz cream, but I’m\nalways happy to have a little leftover!\n\nMy favorite way to make this simple ganache is in the microwave.\n\nSimply pour the cream over a bowl of your chocolate, and microwave for about 1\nminute.\n\n*We used 10 oz chocolate and 10 oz cream. If you are using smaller amounts, you will not need to microwave this long. Sometimes we go with 12 oz chocolate, 12 oz cream as in our video. The important thing is the 1:1 ratio.\n\nGive it a stir. It’s getting melty but still needs more time!\n\nAfter 30 more seconds in the microwave, the chocolate pieces had almost\nmelted. I allowed it to sit for a minute before stirring so that it could melt\na bit more.\n\nI always try to stir by keeping my spoon beneath the surface of the ganache so\nthat I won’t create too many air bubbles.\n\nAlmost ready! Just needs a bit more stirring.\n\nBefore you know it, with a bit of stirring the cream and chocolate mixture\nwill suddenly transform into a luscious, silky smooth ganache!\n\nThe consistency is perfect for a ganache drip while just barely warm, and it\nis also perfect for glazing cupcakes.\n\nAs it sits, it will set up a bit and begin to thicken but will remain soft. If\nit cools off and becomes too thick before you have a chance to decorate your\ncake, simply reheat the ganache in small increments until it’s reached the\ndesired consistency.\n\n## How to Know if the Ganache Drip is the Right Consistency\n\n * When the consistency of the ganache has begun to thicken slightly (it doesn’t take long), I like to use my spoon to dot a few drips on the inside edge of my ganache bowl to see if they quickly run all the way down, or if they stop midway down. This will give you an indication of what will happen when you apply your drips to the cake.\n\n * If the ganache runs quickly from top to bottom of the inside of your ganache bowl, it needs to cool a little longer. If the ganache barely moves, or comes out extra thick, it has cooled too much and needs to be reheated slightly.\n\nWe hope that you enjoy this sinfully delicious, EASY ganache! It’s always a\ncrowd pleaser and is so beautiful when dripped and drizzled over cakes and\ncupcakes. Nobody has to know how easy it is to make, it’ll be our little\nsecret!\n\nHere’s a peek at this lovely ganache drip in action...\n\nIn the photo below, I’ve filled a disposable piping bag with our ganache and\nsnipped the tip away so that the drip can easily be piped. If the ganache drip\nis warm, it should flow easily and fairly quickly. Apply slight pressure to\ncreate long drips as you work your way around the cake.\n\nA cake turntable is optional, but helpful for rotating the cake as you work.\n\nThis ganache drip recipe also be transformed into a delightful whipped\nganache! To do this, allow the ganache to set up at room temperature for about\n2-3 hours or until it has thickened to a good frosting consistency (some\ndescribe it as a peanut-butter consistency). Then, whip with a hand mixer\nuntil it fluffs up– sometimes this can take as little as 30 seconds.\n\nDo not over beat your ganache or it could split or break, giving it a very\ngrainy consistency.\n\nWhipped ganache makes a wonderful filling for cakes and cupcakes, and also for\nfrosting cupcakes with swirls! These were piped with a 1M tip (a 2D tip works\nwell too.) This whipped ganache is not an ideal consistency for frosting over\nan entire cake, but it is great for a little decorative piping or swirling\nonto cupcakes.\n\nHop on over to find our amazing scratch Oreo Cake recipe, featuring this\nsimple and easy ganache drip! SO good!: Scratch Oreo Cake Recipe\n\nFinally, here’s our Ganache Drip in action! We created a quick minute-video\nwhen we decorated our DELICIOUS Mint Chocolate Chip Cake so that you could see\nhow easily a ganache drip can be applied to a cake by just loading it into a\npiping bag, snipping away the tip, and giving it a whirl on the turntable! Oh\nthe drama!\n\nContinue to Content\n\n# Ganache Drip Recipe\n\nThis decadent and dramatic ganache drip recipe is SO easy to make! We love to\nadd it to our cakes for an added wow factor (plus, it's delicious)!\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 10 oz. (283g) Chocolate (Semi-sweet or Dark) We used Ghirardelli\n * 10 oz. (283g) Heavy Cream\n\n## Instructions\n\n 1. Place your chocolate into a microwave safe bowl.\n 2. Pour heavy cream over the chocolate and place in the microwave for 1 minute. (Times may vary, see our note below).\n 3. Remove and stir. Microwave for 30 seconds more and when the chocolate has melted almost completely, allow it to sit for 1 minute more before stirring. Stir until you've reached a silky smooth consistency.\n 4. *Microwave times may vary. If you are making a smaller amount of ganache, you will reduce the microwave time. If your chocolate hasn't melted after the 1 1/2 minutes recommended in the instructions, simply microwave in small 10-15 second increments until it has nearly completely melted. Let sit one minute, then stir until smooth.\n 5. The ganache will cool as it thickens. Cool for about 15-20 minutes or until you can pipe drips along the inside of your bowl and get the look that you are going for. (If the ganache is too warm, the drips will run all the way down. If they only drip part of the way down the bowl, it is ready. Some of this comes down to personal preference.)\n 6. I load my ganache into a disposable piping bag and snip the end away (start with a small hole, you can always make it larger).\n\n© Melissa Diamond\n\n00:50\n\nThanks for stopping by! Don’t forget to check out our full collection of\nFAVORITE cake and frosting recipes in our Recipes Section! As well as our\never-growing collection of free cake decorating tutorials in our Free Cake\nTutorials Section!\n\nAnd finally, if you LOVE cake decorating and would like to have full access to\nour entire cake decorating video section, you should consider becoming a\nmember of My Cake School! You can find all of the details here: My Cake School\nMembership Information. We’d love to have you!!\n\nAlternate Video Format:\n\nnbsp;\n\nRelated posts:\n\n 1. Peanut Butter Buttercream Recipe\n 2. Mint Chocolate Chip Buttercream\n 3. Cream Cheese Buttercream Frosting Recipe\n 4. Orange Cream Cheese Frosting Recipe\n 5. Lemon Cream Cheese Buttercream Recipe\n\nFiled Under: Blog Tutorials, Fillings, Free Video Tutorials, Frostings and\nGlazes, Recipes Tagged With: ganache, ganache drip\n\n« Oreo Buttercream Recipe\n\nOreo Cake- Delicious Scratch Cake Recipe »\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Panna Seth February 11, 2019 at 1:18 am\n\nExcellent article, thank you for sharing it. Can I add sugar powder for\nthickening ganache?\n\n 2. BeBe February 11, 2019 at 8:28 pm\n\nHi Panna, You probably won’t need to add powdered sugar. When ganache is first\nmade it is pourable. As it cools to room temperature it begins to thicken, at\nthis time you can whip it with your mixed and it will lighten in color and\nbecome fluffy. If you want to add powdered sugar. Allow ganache to cool about\n2 hours. Sift the powdered sugar before adding. The powdered sugar will add\nsweetness to the ganache and lighten the color.\n\n 3. sukayna Gulamhusein March 16, 2019 at 12:25 pm\n\nWorked out perfectly for me, thanks. Can i freeze the left over ganache\n\n 4. BeBe March 16, 2019 at 2:23 pm\n\nHi Sukayna, I’m glad all went well. Yes, you can freeze ganache. Make sure it\nis in a container that is airtight so it will not absorb other odors from the\nfreezer. I think it can be frozen for a long time, 10 to 12 months. Let it\nthaw slowly to room temperature when ready to use again.\n\n 5. Sheril Soodhama July 8, 2019 at 3:18 am\n\nHi. I always have a problem when piping Ganache to decorate cupcakes. It\nstarts to flop and the pattern lose its shape\n\n 6. Melissa Diamond July 8, 2019 at 11:44 am\n\nHi Sheril- Are you trying to pipe with the ganache as in our video when it has\nbeen whipped? That should give you a consistency that is thick enough for\npiping. You could also try using a different ratio for a thicker consistency\nof frosting. Using a little more chocolate rather than equal parts chocolate\nand cream. For example, a 2:1 ratio of chocolate to cream yields a thicker\nconsistency of ganache which sets up fairly firm.\n\n 7. Dorothy Witt August 17, 2019 at 11:00 am\n\nI have baking chocolate can you use it\n\n 8. Paula M. May 19, 2020 at 3:57 pm\n\nJust watched and refreshed my memory on whipped ganache. Thanks Melissa!\nAlways amazing videos!\n\n« Older Comments\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nWelcome! We'd love for you to check out our free cake tutorials & recipes, or\njoin our site for online access to hundreds of videos and more!\n\nRead More\n\n#### Receive our Newsletter\n\nEnter your email below and receive a weekly update of new video tutorials,\nrecipes and more.\n\n#### The Perfect Gift\n\n * home\n * free tutorials\n * videos\n * recipes\n * contact\n * join\n * login\n\nCopyright © 2020 My Cake School. Melissa Diamond. All rights reserved | Terms\nand Conditions | Privacy Policy\n\n# Don’t Miss a Thing!\n\nEnter your email below and receive a weekly update of new video tutorials,\nrecipes and more.\n\n"
}
] |
25,611 | How To Be Stylish | To be stylish, wear clothes that flatter your shape and fit your body well. Look for pieces in classic cuts with neutral colors and bold accent pieces. Avoid busy prints or trendy cuts that will go out of style quickly, and opt for interchangeable clothes that can be mixed and matched. When you're getting dressed, keep your outfits simple and occasion-appropriate, and use accessories to make your looks unique. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506115050/https://stylishlyme.com/style-guides/how-to-look-stylish-every-day/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006221051/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/what-to-wear/a14587839/how-to-be-more-stylish/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210508013715/https://www.stitchfix.com/women/blog/fashion-tips/10-secrets-of-stylish-women/"
] | train | 1,909 | [
{
"original_url": "https://stylishlyme.com/style-guides/how-to-look-stylish-every-day/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506115050/https://stylishlyme.com/style-guides/how-to-look-stylish-every-day/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Dress Nice & Look Stylish",
"passages": [
"With all of the decisions, we have to make in a day, wondering if we look nice and stylish shouldn’t be one of them. It’s not if you should dress nice, dressing nice should be your default, but how to dress nice every day without much thought and effort.",
"Getting dressed in the morning should be fun and energizing. You’re setting the tone for the rest of the day. Don’t you want it to be a good one?",
"When you love your outfit, it makes you feel more confident, beautiful and gives you that extra pep in your step. You smile when you look in the mirror and know that you are ready to take on the day!",
"I know you’ve been on the opposite side of this before. This happens to the best of us. Well. I don’t know if it happens to Anna Wintour, but it does happen to me. When you’re late, frantically pulling out different pieces from your closet and have nothing look nice together then leave your home with an outfit that you are unsure about. You are a little less confident, a little less happy, and worst you start your day off frazzled and unsure.",
"I know you understand the importance of achieving an everyday style that you love, so let’s dive into how you can dress nice, be stylish, and look better, so you feel when you step out the door to take on the day!",
"You cannot have a fantastic day with a horrible outfit. It’s not good for our spirits or confidence. There are better days than others, but that is not an excuse for putting together a horrible outfit.",
"What if you were to run into someone you know? Would you duck and hide? Avoid them? If you answered yes, then you MUST continue reading this style guide! Not skim...read.",
"I try to dress nice on most days, not just on special occasions or when heading outside to meet other people. My getting ready routine boils down to a simple checklist. This is how I make sure I dress nice and look stylish everyday. Whether I’m putting together a business casual outfit for work or a casual weekend white jeans outfit, this checklist still applies.",
"Because you can’t just throw your outfit together willy nilly and expect it to look stylish every time. You might get lucky a couple of times, but there is a system for your preparation. I follow this checklist before I leave the house.",
"This simple how to dress nice, look better, and feel stylish 5 step checklist will help you evaluate every outfit to ensure every single time you step out your front door, you look your best.",
"This might sound incredibly simple, but many people leave the house with clothes that are too big or too small. Make sure your clothes fit you correctly, unless it’s intentional, like a boyfriend tee or slouchy sweater. If you’re going for a trendy look, make sure to pay special attention to point 4.",
"Look at the colors you’re wearing and review the palette. Is it subdued, bright, or contrasting? Colors can affect your entire mood so, in addition, to fit, make sure the colors help your attitude.",
"If you’re feeling happy and excited, you wouldn’t want to squash that energy by wearing all black. Choose a color palette to suit your mood or use color to bring you out of a funky mood.",
"When you’re feeling down, don’t reach for black; reach for your favorite colored item in the closet and add some fun accessories. Use clothing as a mood enhancer. Whenever my mood is not the brightest I put on an outfit I love. Don’t stay in sweatpants or pajamas.",
"And make sure the colors look amazing against your skin tone and hair color. I go into the best colors for different hair colors and skin tones in Cute Fall Outfits guide.",
"This doesn’t only apply to your sexiest jeans but every piece in your wardrobe. Every piece must flatter your shape. No matter your body shape, you want a defined waistline because you’ll instantly feel sexier!",
"If you’re going for an item that is intentionally larger, make sure to balance it with a slimmer piece. Like pairing a slouchy sweater with black leggings or a pencil skirt, the looser top balances the form-fitting bottom. If like wearing leggings make sure to check out, What to Wear With Leggings & 20 Style Tips on How to Wear Them.",
"You can think of point four as a classy point. If you want to learn more about how to dress classy, make sure to read this post: How to Dress Classy – 7 Style Tips You Need to Know.",
"First impressions are everything, and it only takes an instant before one is formed. Give the impression you want. Whether you like it or not, people are going to judge you, so you might as well make it the judgment you want!",
"Take into consideration where you’re going. Is your outfit giving off the right vibe to the people you’re going to be interacting with? Then go on and make the most of the day. If not, switch the piece that might be out of place in your outfit.",
"If you follow this simple 5 step checklist it will help you dress better, feel stylish and overall look better. Keep it handy on your phone or on your dresser for easy visibility.",
"The main thing to consider when putting together an outfit is your day ahead. What are your plans and what type of outfit does it call for? Is it a work day filled with meetings and lots of human interaction? Do you need to appear powerful and confident? Or are you getting ready for a fun day wine tasting with your best friends?",
"Is it pants (jeans or trousers), a skirt, shorts, or dress type of day? Once you’ve selected the type of day you need to dress for then your base is built from there. If you decide to go with dark-wash jeans, what top will you match it with? A long-sleeve button down, silk blouse, or printed cami because you’re planning on layering a blazer over it?",
"Once you’ve chosen your clothing, next move on to shoes and accessories. Accessories will liven up a minimal outfit and bring a different feel to a look when you want it to.",
"The more you work on putting together outfits, the easier it becomes. You start to understand what looks stylish on you and why certain pieces work together. Like with most things, it just takes practice.",
"If you feel like this would take too much time to do in the morning, consider putting together your outfit the night before. Don’t sacrifice your outfit because you’re not a morning person.",
"The tips above get a lot easier when you have a clean closet. When you clean and organize your closet and evaluated what to keep, you’ll have a closet that is color coordinated with dresses, blouses, jackets, jeans, sweater, trousers, skirts, etc., all in their proper place. You’ll know where your favorite jacket is and the perfect shoes to match it.",
"When your closet is organized and filled with clothes you love, getting ready becomes much easier because you know every piece in your closet is stylish. There is nothing that is ripped, stained, ill-fitting, or unflattering.",
"With an organized closet you’ll approach your closet with a positive attitude and enthusiasm. So make sure you schedule a time to read this guide: How to Organize Your Closet in 5 Simple Steps then complete the steps in the guide! It’ll make getting ready in the morning so much easier!",
"I hope this guide will help you answer how to dress nice and look stylish everyday! Don’t reserve this checklist just for special occasions, it’s something you can use every day when getting ready.",
"You ought to take part in a contest for one of the best blogs online. I will highly recommend this web site!",
"Your blog is very helpful at all, I personally really like, thank you for sharing and hopefully more successful in the future.",
"This is just so awesome and i just loved the black one with super cool footwear and bag. You look stunning and i definitely would love to try this outfit. Thanks for sharing mate, keep posting!",
"It is not difficult to be fashionable. If you think so, then I will say that you are thinking wrong. Dressing in a dowdy way can make you feel embarrassed. In my opinion, you need to invest time in picking the outfit every night so that you can avoid the chances the getting worried in the morning about how you are going to look. Sometimes, you may feel less confident about what to wear. Well, in that case, you have to look for the inspiration, by which you can steer yourself in a stylish direction.",
"Everybody wants to express ourselves stunning, also wants to manifest our new collection every time so it’s most important that your outfits give the right vibes. So thank you for your beautiful suggestions.",
"Wow! Beautiful you and your dressing style. I love the post and all pictures enabled within it. Thanks for the suggestion!",
"Colour and fit i normally check with but “what do clothes speak about me ” is something i thought about and which we normally don’t think at least not me. I believe i should think in that way as well from now on so that something else can get into the point to help me look more beautiful. Thanks for the suggestions",
"Hey there, I think your blog might be having browser compatibility issues. When I look at your blog in Opera, it looks fine but when opening in Internet Explorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up! Other then that, wonderful blog!",
"Keep up the good work, I read few articles on this internet site and I conceive that your site is real interesting and has circles of excellent info.",
"Hello, You have nailed it!(Seriously) I was looking for some tip for everyday fashion, and your this post make it simple. Anyway, Great post.",
"Pretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your site and in accession capital to assert that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Any way I will be subscribing to your feeds and even I achievement you access consistently fast.",
"[...] you plan on applying makeup that day or not, you should dress nicely. The way we dress can affect the way we act and our mood. You’re not going to feel like a natural [...]",
"[...] look. Overall the outfit works because of the colors and balance. Remember the 5 step checklist to looking stylish every day?! If you don’t, I suggest you get a refresher on the 5 [...]",
"[...] a harmonious look? If you need more tips on how to put together a stylish outfit check out my post, How to Look Stylish Everyday and download the 5 step [...]",
"[...] shared with you the 5 step checklist to looking stylish everyday this month, if you haven’t read them, make sure to check these out. One of those 5 [...]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Dress Nice & Look Stylish - Your 5 Step Checklist\n\n * Looks\n\n * Looks\n * Winter Outfits\n * Spring Outfits\n * Summer Outfits\n * Fall Outfits\n * Style\n\n * All Style\n * How To’s\n * Style Guides\n * What to Wear\n * Stylish Essentials\n * Shopping\n * Travels\n\n * All Travel\n * What to Do\n * Where to Sleep\n * Travel Clothes\n * Travel Journal\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Stylish Life\n * Beauty\n * Fitness\n * ## Stylishly Me\n\n * Personal Growth\n * Blog\n * About\n * Contact\n\n0\n\n## Stylishly Me\n\nHome » Style Guides » How to Dress Nice & Look Stylish – Your 5 Step Checklist\n\nStyle Guides\n\n# How to Dress Nice & Look Stylish – Your 5 Step Checklist\n\nShare via:\n\n166 Shares\n\n * 164\n * 0\n * 1\n * 1\n * More\n\n * Save\n\n## Everyday Style\n\nWhen you wake up in the morning, what is the first thing you think of:\n\n * Need Coffee!?\n * Time to Workout?\n * Breakfast, I’m starving?\n * What am I going to wear today?\n\nWith all of the decisions, we have to make in a day, wondering if we look nice\nand stylish shouldn’t be one of them. It’s not if you should dress nice,\ndressing nice should be your default, but how to dress nice every day without\nmuch thought and effort.\n\nGetting dressed in the morning should be fun and energizing. You’re setting\nthe tone for the rest of the day. Don’t you want it to be a good one?\n\nWhen you love your outfit, it makes you feel more confident, beautiful and\ngives you that extra pep in your step. You smile when you look in the mirror\nand know that you are ready to take on the day!\n\nI know you’ve been on the opposite side of this before. This happens to the\nbest of us. Well. I don’t know if it happens to Anna Wintour, but it does\nhappen to me. When you’re late, frantically pulling out different pieces from\nyour closet and have nothing look nice together then leave your home with an\noutfit that you are unsure about. You are a little less confident, a little\nless happy, and worst you start your day off frazzled and unsure.\n\nI know you understand the importance of achieving an everyday style that you\nlove, so let’s dive into how you can dress nice, be stylish, and look better,\nso you feel when you step out the door to take on the day!\n\nYou cannot have a fantastic day with a horrible outfit. It’s not good for our\nspirits or confidence. There are better days than others, but that is not an\nexcuse for putting together a horrible outfit.\n\nWhat if you were to run into someone you know? Would you duck and hide? Avoid\nthem? If you answered yes, then you MUST continue reading this style guide!\nNot skim...read.\n\n## How to Dress Nice Everyday\n\nI try to dress nice on most days, not just on special occasions or when\nheading outside to meet other people. My getting ready routine boils down to a\nsimple checklist. This is how I make sure I dress nice and look stylish\neveryday. Whether I’m putting together a business casual outfit for work or a\ncasual weekend white jeans outfit, this checklist still applies.\n\nBecause you can’t just throw your outfit together willy nilly and expect it to\nlook stylish every time. You might get lucky a couple of times, but there is a\nsystem for your preparation. I follow this checklist before I leave the house.\n\nIf you’re thinking, “a checklist to get ready? Really?” YES!\n\nThis simple how to dress nice, look better, and feel stylish 5 step checklist\nwill help you evaluate every outfit to ensure every single time you step out\nyour front door, you look your best.\n\n### How to Look Your Best – 5 Step Checklist\n\n#### 1\\. Does it Fit?\n\nThe first guideline in looking and being stylish is one of the most important!\n\nThis might sound incredibly simple, but many people leave the house with\nclothes that are too big or too small. Make sure your clothes fit you\ncorrectly, unless it’s intentional, like a boyfriend tee or slouchy sweater.\nIf you’re going for a trendy look, make sure to pay special attention to point\n4.\n\n#### 2\\. Do the Colors Coordinate?\n\nMake sure the colors in your outfit complement each other and you!\n\nLook at the colors you’re wearing and review the palette. Is it subdued,\nbright, or contrasting? Colors can affect your entire mood so, in addition, to\nfit, make sure the colors help your attitude.\n\nIf you’re feeling happy and excited, you wouldn’t want to squash that energy\nby wearing all black. Choose a color palette to suit your mood or use color to\nbring you out of a funky mood.\n\nWhen you’re feeling down, don’t reach for black; reach for your favorite\ncolored item in the closet and add some fun accessories. Use clothing as a\nmood enhancer. Whenever my mood is not the brightest I put on an outfit I\nlove. Don’t stay in sweatpants or pajamas.\n\nAnd make sure the colors look amazing against your skin tone and hair color. I\ngo into the best colors for different hair colors and skin tones in Cute Fall\nOutfits guide.\n\n#### 3\\. Is it Flattering?\n\nAre your best features being accentuated? Do your clothes make your figure\nlook great?\n\nThis doesn’t only apply to your sexiest jeans but every piece in your\nwardrobe. Every piece must flatter your shape. No matter your body shape, you\nwant a defined waistline because you’ll instantly feel sexier!\n\nDoes the outfit make you appear taller and leaner or short? Is your outfit\nmaking you feel frumpy?\n\n#### 4\\. Is it Balanced?\n\nDo the patterns, colors, styles, proportions, and fabrics in the outfit look\nharmonious?\n\nDoes the outfit confuse you? Is it overpowering for you? Are there too many\naccessories or contrasting colors?\n\nYou’ll know when an outfit is out of balance because you’ll feel something is\nout of place.\n\nIf you’re going for an item that is intentionally larger, make sure to balance\nit with a slimmer piece. Like pairing a slouchy sweater with black leggings or\na pencil skirt, the looser top balances the form-fitting bottom. If like\nwearing leggings make sure to check out, What to Wear With Leggings & 20 Style\nTips on How to Wear Them.\n\nYou can think of point four as a classy point. If you want to learn more about\nhow to dress classy, make sure to read this post: How to Dress Classy – 7\nStyle Tips You Need to Know.\n\n#### 5\\. What Does This Outfit Say About Me?\n\nBecause your clothes speak before you do, make sure you’re putting out the\nmessage you want others to hear.\n\nFirst impressions are everything, and it only takes an instant before one is\nformed. Give the impression you want. Whether you like it or not, people are\ngoing to judge you, so you might as well make it the judgment you want!\n\nTake into consideration where you’re going. Is your outfit giving off the\nright vibe to the people you’re going to be interacting with? Then go on and\nmake the most of the day. If not, switch the piece that might be out of place\nin your outfit.\n\nIf you follow this simple 5 step checklist it will help you dress better, feel\nstylish and overall look better. Keep it handy on your phone or on your\ndresser for easy visibility.\n\n### Consider the Day Ahead\n\nThe main thing to consider when putting together an outfit is your day ahead.\nWhat are your plans and what type of outfit does it call for? Is it a work day\nfilled with meetings and lots of human interaction? Do you need to appear\npowerful and confident? Or are you getting ready for a fun day wine tasting\nwith your best friends?\n\nIs it pants (jeans or trousers), a skirt, shorts, or dress type of day? Once\nyou’ve selected the type of day you need to dress for then your base is built\nfrom there. If you decide to go with dark-wash jeans, what top will you match\nit with? A long-sleeve button down, silk blouse, or printed cami because\nyou’re planning on layering a blazer over it?\n\nOnce you’ve chosen your clothing, next move on to shoes and accessories.\nAccessories will liven up a minimal outfit and bring a different feel to a\nlook when you want it to.\n\nThe more you work on putting together outfits, the easier it becomes. You\nstart to understand what looks stylish on you and why certain pieces work\ntogether. Like with most things, it just takes practice.\n\nIf you feel like this would take too much time to do in the morning, consider\nputting together your outfit the night before. Don’t sacrifice your outfit\nbecause you’re not a morning person.\n\n### Dress Nicer with an Organized Closet\n\nThe tips above get a lot easier when you have a clean closet. When you clean\nand organize your closet and evaluated what to keep, you’ll have a closet that\nis color coordinated with dresses, blouses, jackets, jeans, sweater, trousers,\nskirts, etc., all in their proper place. You’ll know where your favorite\njacket is and the perfect shoes to match it.\n\nWhen your closet is organized and filled with clothes you love, getting ready\nbecomes much easier because you know every piece in your closet is stylish.\nThere is nothing that is ripped, stained, ill-fitting, or unflattering.\n\nWith an organized closet you’ll approach your closet with a positive attitude\nand enthusiasm. So make sure you schedule a time to read this guide: How to\nOrganize Your Closet in 5 Simple Steps then complete the steps in the guide!\nIt’ll make getting ready in the morning so much easier!\n\nI hope this guide will help you answer how to dress nice and look stylish\neveryday! Don’t reserve this checklist just for special occasions, it’s\nsomething you can use every day when getting ready.\n\nStay Stylish, -V\n\n * Save\n\n * Save\n\n * Save\n\n * Save\n\n * Save\n\n * Save\n\n * Save\n\nTAGS:HeelsWhiteWhite JeansWinter\n\n###### Shop the Look\n\n30 Comments\n\nShare\n\n### You May Also Like\n\nJanuary 7, 2017\n\n#### The Penny Loafer: A Guide to Wearing This Classic Shoe\n\nFebruary 14, 2013\n\n#### A Valentine’s Day Outfit for Every Occasion\n\nJune 3, 2014\n\n#### Three Ways To Style Sneakers\n\n * ###### Kerryann\n\nAugust 11, 2020\n\nLove it. My style definitely\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Sbuys\n\nMarch 21, 2019\n\nWow! Beautiful your dressing style. I love the post and all pictures enabled\nwithin it. Thanks for the suggestion!\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Melvina\n\nFebruary 2, 2019\n\nYou ought to take part in a contest for one of the best blogs online. I will\nhighly recommend this web site!\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Fatima Seif\n\nJanuary 8, 2019\n\nYour blog is very helpful at all, I personally really like, thank you for\nsharing and hopefully more successful in the future.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### hana\n\nDecember 14, 2018\n\nThis is just so awesome and i just loved the black one with super cool\nfootwear and bag. You look stunning and i definitely would love to try this\noutfit. Thanks for sharing mate, keep posting!\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Decathlon Voucher Code\n\nDecember 12, 2018\n\nWow! that’s cool outfit for women’s. Can i buy these dresses online from\nDecathlon\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Titus Grant\n\nDecember 8, 2018\n\nIt is not difficult to be fashionable. If you think so, then I will say that\nyou are thinking wrong. Dressing in a dowdy way can make you feel embarrassed.\nIn my opinion, you need to invest time in picking the outfit every night so\nthat you can avoid the chances the getting worried in the morning about how\nyou are going to look. Sometimes, you may feel less confident about what to\nwear. Well, in that case, you have to look for the inspiration, by which you\ncan steer yourself in a stylish direction.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Shilpa\n\nDecember 7, 2018\n\nEverybody wants to express ourselves stunning, also wants to manifest our new\ncollection every time so it’s most important that your outfits give the right\nvibes. So thank you for your beautiful suggestions.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Shivani\n\nOctober 21, 2018\n\nThanks for sharing these valuable articles for fashion.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### rohit aggarwal\n\nAugust 30, 2018\n\ngood one\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Fazirul Tan\n\nAugust 20, 2018\n\nWow! Beautiful you and your dressing style. I love the post and all pictures\nenabled within it. Thanks for the suggestion!\n\nReply\n\n * ###### ruhinaz\n\nJuly 26, 2018\n\nColour and fit i normally check with but “what do clothes speak about me ” is\nsomething i thought about and which we normally don’t think at least not me. I\nbelieve i should think in that way as well from now on so that something else\ncan get into the point to help me look more beautiful. Thanks for the\nsuggestions\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Testo XXL Ingredients\n\nApril 9, 2018\n\nAs a Newbie, I am continuously browsing online for articles that can aid me.\nThank you\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Keto Choice\n\nFebruary 8, 2018\n\nReal nice layout and great content, practically nothing else we want :D.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Glovella\n\nJanuary 26, 2018\n\nHey there, I think your blog might be having browser compatibility issues.\nWhen I look at your blog in Opera, it looks fine but when opening in Internet\nExplorer, it has some overlapping. I just wanted to give you a quick heads up!\nOther then that, wonderful blog!\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Vital Slim OrganiCleanse\n\nDecember 19, 2017\n\nKeep up the good work, I read few articles on this internet site and I\nconceive that your site is real interesting and has circles of excellent info.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Star CBD\n\nDecember 19, 2017\n\nYeah bookmaking this wasn’t a risky conclusion outstanding post!\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Renovare Cream Trial\n\nDecember 10, 2017\n\nThanks for this post, I am a big big fan of this web site would like to keep\nupdated.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Sunirmal Das\n\nMay 6, 2017\n\nHello, You have nailed it!(Seriously) I was looking for some tip for everyday\nfashion, and your this post make it simple. Anyway, Great post.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Deborah Eche\n\nJanuary 3, 2017\n\nGreat content.....loved it\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Rosalinda\n\nDecember 29, 2016\n\nThank you for your help please keep up the great work that you are doing.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### imitation jewellery kundan india\n\nNovember 7, 2016\n\nPretty section of content. I just stumbled upon your site and in accession\ncapital to assert that I acquire in fact enjoyed account your blog posts. Any\nway I will be subscribing to your feeds and even I achievement you access\nconsistently fast.\n\nReply\n\n * ###### How to be Stylish – Top 5 tips – Simply Stylish\n\nMarch 17, 2016\n\n[...] http://stylecaster.com/how-to-be-stylish/ https://stylishlyme.com/style-\nguides/how-to-look-stylish-every-day/\nhttp://www.popsugar.co.uk/fashion/15-Things-Stylish-Women-Do-Every-\nDay-37142799#photo-37142796 [...]\n\nReply\n\n * ###### The Best Tips to be a Natural Beauty - IslandChic77\n\nFebruary 5, 2016\n\n[...] you plan on applying makeup that day or not, you should dress nicely.\nThe way we dress can affect the way we act and our mood. You’re not going to\nfeel like a natural [...]\n\nReply\n\n * ###### How to Dress Up a Fair Isle Sweater this Winter\n\nDecember 19, 2015\n\n[...] look. Overall the outfit works because of the colors and balance.\nRemember the 5 step checklist to looking stylish every day?! If you don’t, I\nsuggest you get a refresher on the 5 [...]\n\nReply\n\n * ###### Why You Need a Pair of Over The Knee Flat Boots\n\nDecember 3, 2015\n\n[...] a harmonious look? If you need more tips on how to put together a\nstylish outfit check out my post, How to Look Stylish Everyday and download\nthe 5 step [...]\n\nReply\n\n * ###### What to Wear with White Jeans - 16 Stylish Outfits\n\nAugust 22, 2015\n\n[...] 7. Long Coat, Bright Heels & Gold Accessories [...]\n\nReply\n\n * ###### How to Put Together the Perfect Summer Boho Beach Outfit\n\nAugust 18, 2015\n\n[...] If you need a refresher read, look stylish every day – your 5 step\nchecklist. [...]\n\nReply\n\n * ###### The Shortcut to Great Style - Balance\n\nJanuary 25, 2015\n\n[...] shared with you the 5 step checklist to looking stylish everyday this\nmonth, if you haven’t read them, make sure to check these out. One of those 5\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n * ###### 10 Must Have Shoes for Women - BonBon Break\n\nJanuary 22, 2015\n\n[...] Posts from Vanessa: Look Stylish Everyday – Your 5 Step Checklist 7 Ways\nto Wear a Denim Jacket 5 Stylish Travel Essential You Cannot Leave Home [...]\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel Comment\n\nPrevious Post\n\n###### The Definitive Boots Outfit Guide [Dress with Boots, Booties with Jeans\n& More]\n\nNext Post\n\n###### 177 of the Best Cute Quotes on Love, Life, Friends & More\n\nBusiness Casual guide\n\nBoots Outfit Guide\n\nwinery outfit ideas\n\nbest napa wineries for first timers\n\nAustin travel guide\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * * Save\n\n#### How to Form a Habit, Free Habit Tracker & Good Habits to Have\n\nAugust 19, 2020\n\n * * Save\n\n#### An Austin Staycation to Reset Your Body And Mind\n\nAugust 11, 2020\n\n * * Save\n\n#### Time Management Tips to Improve Productivity & Output\n\nAugust 9, 2020\n\n#### Follow on Instagram\n\n...\n\nPopular Posts\n\n * Save\n\n300+ of the Best Love Quotes to Say I Love You\n\n * Save\n\n177 of the Best Cute Quotes on Love, Life, Friends & More\n\n * Save\n\n47 of the Best Coco Chanel Quotes About Fashion, Life & Luxury!\n\n * Save\n\n101 of the Best Summer Quotes to Spark Summer Wanderlust\n\n...\n\n * Home\n * Style\n * Looks\n * Travels\n * Contact\n\nCopyright © 2021 Stylishly Me. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/what-to-wear/a14587839/how-to-be-more-stylish/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006221051/https://www.harpersbazaar.com/uk/fashion/what-to-wear/a14587839/how-to-be-more-stylish/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "15 ways to be more stylish",
"passages": [
"The past year or so has proven to be a very unique period of time for everybody. Much of our lives – from where we work and how we holiday to who we can see and what we're permitted to do – has changed enormously. Within this, less importantly but just as drastically, our approach to what we wear each day has also faced a transformation.",
"Whether you've been living in your loungewear or have been online shopping more than ever before, there have been plenty of changes in our approach to fashion this year. But, one positive of having more time at home on our hands is that we have had an opportunity to evaluate what we really need in our wardrobes – and, now that we are easing back into normal life, we can figure out what should stay, and what should go.",
"From holding onto old clothes that never get worn to panic buying pieces that won't have more than one outing, we are all guilty of making less than sensible decisions when it comes to our wardrobes. But, it doesn't have to be that way.",
"Here, we break down 15 wardrobe resolutions to undertake now so that you can make space, save money and look the best you ever have.",
"We’re all guilty of it. A wedding, a Christmas party, a Friday night reunion in the pub with your friends. Heading somewhere exciting means we inevitably feel like we need something special – and therefore something new – to wear. However, more often than not, as much as we like the piece that we buy, it rarely gets more than one outing.",
"Instead of purchasing something specific for certain events, try to have a few dressier pieces in your wardrobe that are more versatile. If you go for something simple and more classic, rather than trend-led, you’ll be able to wear it again and again. Accessorised cleverly, it will never feel like the same look.",
"It’s not uncommon to hold on to items that no longer fit you in the hope that they will again one day. It’s also not uncommon to buy something in a size too small as an incentive to lose weight or because it’s in the sale and they don’t have your usual size. However, holding on to these items – that you can’t physically wear – is one of the worst things you can do if you’re trying to reduce the size of your wardrobe. Be realistic and honest with yourself. If it doesn’t fit you, it's time to sell or donate it.",
"As well as holding onto things that don’t fit, many of us keep pieces that we know don’t suit us. Often we’ve bought something on a whim because it’s a big trend or because we saw someone else wearing it and thought they looked amazing – but because it just doesn't suit us, we've never actually taken it out of the cupboard. If a piece of clothing doesn’t make you feel confident and comfortable, it has no place in your life.",
"It’s easy to be won over by a big discount, and you should make the most of huge markdowns – especially when it comes to investment designer pieces – but only if that piece is something that you really need to add to your arsenal. Never buy something just because it’s a great deal. No matter how affordable it was, if you never wear it, it’s a complete waste of money.",
"An excellent way to keep your wardrobe at a sensible size is to adopt the one- in, one-out policy: every time you add something new, take a piece out (and sell it or donate it to charity). Not only will it keep your rails and shelves from overflowing, it also means you have to be much more confident about what you are purchasing. You’ll never buy something unless you completely love it, knowing that you are going to have to lose something special from your wardrobe.",
"One great way of keeping your wardrobe feeling fresh is to swap pieces with friends. Operate your one-in, one-out policy by getting rid of something that you haven't worn in months and trading it for a piece your friend has got bored of wearing (but you have always had an eye on). Whether you host clothes-swap parties with a big group or just have a deal with one friend, trading clothes is a great way of having an exciting wardrobe without spending any money or doing any further damage to the environment.",
"Often we get stuck in style ruts, feel like we hate everything in our wardrobes and have nothing to wear. When this happens, more often than not, we go on a big shopping spree and end up spending huge amounts of money on exactly these trend-led items that end up sitting in our wardrobes forever, never being worn. Don’t let it get to this point. Instead, keep an eye out all-year round for pieces that you love and make a note of the things that you are lacking when you realise it. Think of it as a constant and evolving process, rather than going back to square one every few months. Allowing yourself to buy one really nice piece every month, rather than having two huge shopping sprees a year will likely result in much better thought-out decisions and, as a result, a far more stylish wardrobe.",
"Another reason we get stuck into style ruts is because we get attached to and comfortable with certain shops. It’s great to have your core favourites who you trust and you know last well, but there are always so many new, amazing brands hitting the market that are waiting to be discovered. From high-end designer labels to more affordable mid-range brands, keep exploring all year round. You’ll end up with some truly special, stylish finds (that – bonus – nobody else has).",
"Nobody likes throwing things away. To part with a piece of clothing sometimes means letting go of memories, which can be really tough to do. However, there’s no need to hold on to everything you’ve ever loved, especially if it’s something you haven’t worn for decades. If you really can’t bear to part with something, put it on trial and see how many times you wear it in the next six months. If it doesn’t see an outing, it's officially time for it to go.",
"One of the big misconceptions about being stylish is that you should never buy something similar to what you already own. Of course, nobody aims to have an entire wardrobe consisting only of 15 navy blue jumpers and 10 identical pairs of black skinny jeans. However, don’t be afraid to make the most of the knowledge of what suits you. All of the most stylish women in the world have their own uniform – they keep it simple, they know what they look good in and they stick to this formula when they’re choosing new pieces.",
"It sounds obvious, but it's easy to forget what's sitting in our wardrobes – and, for many of us, there will be great pieces hidden away that haven't seen the light of day for years, or that will have been forgotten about during lockdown. So, before you go ahead and buy something new, make sure that you have a very clear idea of what is in your wardrobe already. If you have a clear-out and declutter, you will know what's in there and this will prevent you from accidentally buy things you don't need.",
"So many of us are guilty of throwing pieces away as soon as they are damaged, but just because something is a little worn does not mean it needs to be discarded. Invest in the pieces that you already have in your wardrobe by knowing where to get things fixed in your local area, from a great seamstress to shoe and handbag restoration companies. It is worth spending a little bit of money to get things fixed rather than re-buying the same thing time and time again.",
"Thanks to a growth in awareness about sustainability, it has never been easier to rent clothes, with huge growth in the number of fashion-rental companies available. Renting instead of buying is a great way of getting yourself a more stylish wardrobe for a number of reasons. Firstly, you can frequently feel that you are wearing something new, which is great for those special occasions, like weddings or parties, where you may previously have bought a one-occasion outfit. Another advantage is that you can be a little more adventurous with what you try – you may step out of your style comfort zone and find great pieces that would have been too afraid to buy.",
"At the beginning of the season, place all your hangers in the same direction. Each time you wear a piece, turn the hanger the other way. Very quickly within the season you will see what you wear and what you don't. Women usually only wear 40 to 60 per cent of their wardrobe, according to Vestiaire Collective co-founder Fanny Moizant, who swears by this hanger trick – see more of her wardrobe detox tips here.",
"To be truly stylish does not take a huge budget or three walk-in wardrobes worth of designer clothes – you don't need a lot to look good. What you do need though, is to make good, sensible decisions. Buy what you need, buy what makes you feel great and hold on to nothing more. And look after your clothes. You can do it in just 15 pieces. Don't believe us? See how to build a capsule wardrobe below.",
"This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io",
"HARPER'S BAZAAR, PART OF THE HEARST UK FASHION & BEAUTY NETWORK Harper's BAZAAR participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "15 ways to be more stylish\n\nWe earn a commission for products purchased through some links in this\narticle.\n\n# How to be more stylish\n\nA guide to buying less, shopping better and transforming your look in the\nprocess\n\nSep 7, 2021\n\nChristian VierigGetty Images\n\nThe past year or so has proven to be a very unique period of time for\neverybody. Much of our lives – from where we work and how we holiday to who we\ncan see and what we're permitted to do – has changed enormously. Within this,\nless importantly but just as drastically, our approach to what we wear each\nday has also faced a transformation.\n\nWhether you've been living in your loungewear or have been online shopping\nmore than ever before, there have been plenty of changes in our approach to\nfashion this year. But, one positive of having more time at home on our hands\nis that we have had an opportunity to evaluate what we really need in our\nwardrobes – and, now that we are easing back into normal life, we can figure\nout what should stay, and what should go.\n\nFrom holding onto old clothes that never get worn to panic buying pieces that\nwon't have more than one outing, we are all guilty of making less than\nsensible decisions when it comes to our wardrobes. But, it doesn't have to be\nthat way.\n\nHere, we break down 15 wardrobe resolutions to undertake now so that you can\nmake space, save money and look the best you ever have.\n\n#### 1\\. Don’t buy something for just one occasion\n\nWe’re all guilty of it. A wedding, a Christmas party, a Friday night reunion\nin the pub with your friends. Heading somewhere exciting means we inevitably\nfeel like we need something special – and therefore something new – to wear.\nHowever, more often than not, as much as we like the piece that we buy, it\nrarely gets more than one outing.\n\nInstead of purchasing something specific for certain events, try to have a few\ndressier pieces in your wardrobe that are more versatile. If you go for\nsomething simple and more classic, rather than trend-led, you’ll be able to\nwear it again and again. Accessorised cleverly, it will never feel like the\nsame look.\n\n#### 2\\. Don’t buy or keep something that doesn’t fit\n\nIt’s not uncommon to hold on to items that no longer fit you in the hope that\nthey will again one day. It’s also not uncommon to buy something in a size too\nsmall as an incentive to lose weight or because it’s in the sale and they\ndon’t have your usual size. However, holding on to these items – that you\ncan’t physically wear – is one of the worst things you can do if you’re trying\nto reduce the size of your wardrobe. Be realistic and honest with yourself. If\nit doesn’t fit you, it's time to sell or donate it.\n\nEdward BerthelotGetty Images\n\n#### 3\\. Don’t buy or keep something that doesn’t suit you\n\nAs well as holding onto things that don’t fit, many of us keep pieces that we\nknow don’t suit us. Often we’ve bought something on a whim because it’s a big\ntrend or because we saw someone else wearing it and thought they looked\namazing – but because it just doesn't suit us, we've never actually taken it\nout of the cupboard. If a piece of clothing doesn’t make you feel confident\nand comfortable, it has no place in your life.\n\n#### 4\\. Don’t buy something just because it’s a bargain\n\nIt’s easy to be won over by a big discount, and you should make the most of\nhuge markdowns – especially when it comes to investment designer pieces – but\nonly if that piece is something that you really need to add to your arsenal.\nNever buy something just because it’s a great deal. No matter how affordable\nit was, if you never wear it, it’s a complete waste of money.\n\nChristian VierigGetty Images\n\n#### 5\\. When you buy something, get rid of something else\n\nAn excellent way to keep your wardrobe at a sensible size is to adopt the one-\nin, one-out policy: every time you add something new, take a piece out (and\nsell it or donate it to charity). Not only will it keep your rails and shelves\nfrom overflowing, it also means you have to be much more confident about what\nyou are purchasing. You’ll never buy something unless you completely love it,\nknowing that you are going to have to lose something special from your\nwardrobe.\n\n#### 6\\. Clothes swap with your most stylish friends\n\nOne great way of keeping your wardrobe feeling fresh is to swap pieces with\nfriends. Operate your one-in, one-out policy by getting rid of something that\nyou haven't worn in months and trading it for a piece your friend has got\nbored of wearing (but you have always had an eye on). Whether you host\nclothes-swap parties with a big group or just have a deal with one friend,\ntrading clothes is a great way of having an exciting wardrobe without spending\nany money or doing any further damage to the environment.\n\nEdward BerthelotGetty Images\n\n#### 7\\. Don’t go on extravagant shopping sprees\n\nOften we get stuck in style ruts, feel like we hate everything in our\nwardrobes and have nothing to wear. When this happens, more often than not, we\ngo on a big shopping spree and end up spending huge amounts of money on\nexactly these trend-led items that end up sitting in our wardrobes forever,\nnever being worn. Don’t let it get to this point. Instead, keep an eye out\nall-year round for pieces that you love and make a note of the things that you\nare lacking when you realise it. Think of it as a constant and evolving\nprocess, rather than going back to square one every few months. Allowing\nyourself to buy one really nice piece every month, rather than having two huge\nshopping sprees a year will likely result in much better thought-out decisions\nand, as a result, a far more stylish wardrobe.\n\n#### 8\\. Make an effort to discover new brands\n\nAnother reason we get stuck into style ruts is because we get attached to and\ncomfortable with certain shops. It’s great to have your core favourites who\nyou trust and you know last well, but there are always so many new, amazing\nbrands hitting the market that are waiting to be discovered. From high-end\ndesigner labels to more affordable mid-range brands, keep exploring all year\nround. You’ll end up with some truly special, stylish finds (that – bonus –\nnobody else has).\n\nChristian VierigGetty Images\n\nRelated Story\n\nThe mid-priced luxury brands we rate\n\n#### 9\\. Make some tough decisions\n\nNobody likes throwing things away. To part with a piece of clothing sometimes\nmeans letting go of memories, which can be really tough to do. However,\nthere’s no need to hold on to everything you’ve ever loved, especially if it’s\nsomething you haven’t worn for decades. If you really can’t bear to part with\nsomething, put it on trial and see how many times you wear it in the next six\nmonths. If it doesn’t see an outing, it's officially time for it to go.\n\n#### 10\\. Create a uniform\n\nOne of the big misconceptions about being stylish is that you should never buy\nsomething similar to what you already own. Of course, nobody aims to have an\nentire wardrobe consisting only of 15 navy blue jumpers and 10 identical pairs\nof black skinny jeans. However, don’t be afraid to make the most of the\nknowledge of what suits you. All of the most stylish women in the world have\ntheir own uniform – they keep it simple, they know what they look good in and\nthey stick to this formula when they’re choosing new pieces.\n\n#### 11\\. Know your wardrobe inside out\n\nIt sounds obvious, but it's easy to forget what's sitting in our wardrobes –\nand, for many of us, there will be great pieces hidden away that haven't seen\nthe light of day for years, or that will have been forgotten about during\nlockdown. So, before you go ahead and buy something new, make sure that you\nhave a very clear idea of what is in your wardrobe already. If you have a\nclear-out and declutter, you will know what's in there and this will prevent\nyou from accidentally buy things you don't need.\n\nJeremy MoellerGetty Images\n\n#### 12\\. Invest in what you already own\n\nSo many of us are guilty of throwing pieces away as soon as they are damaged,\nbut just because something is a little worn does not mean it needs to be\ndiscarded. Invest in the pieces that you already have in your wardrobe by\nknowing where to get things fixed in your local area, from a great seamstress\nto shoe and handbag restoration companies. It is worth spending a little bit\nof money to get things fixed rather than re-buying the same thing time and\ntime again.\n\n#### 13\\. Embrace rental fashion\n\nThanks to a growth in awareness about sustainability, it has never been easier\nto rent clothes, with huge growth in the number of fashion-rental companies\navailable. Renting instead of buying is a great way of getting yourself a more\nstylish wardrobe for a number of reasons. Firstly, you can frequently feel\nthat you are wearing something new, which is great for those special\noccasions, like weddings or parties, where you may previously have bought a\none-occasion outfit. Another advantage is that you can be a little more\nadventurous with what you try – you may step out of your style comfort zone\nand find great pieces that would have been too afraid to buy.\n\nHanna LassenGetty Images\n\n#### 14\\. If you're not sure about a piece's wearability, try the hanger trick\n\nAt the beginning of the season, place all your hangers in the same direction.\nEach time you wear a piece, turn the hanger the other way. Very quickly within\nthe season you will see what you wear and what you don't. Women usually only\nwear 40 to 60 per cent of their wardrobe, according to Vestiaire Collective\nco-founder Fanny Moizant, who swears by this hanger trick – see more of her\nwardrobe detox tips here.\n\n#### 15\\. Don't underestimate the power of a capsule wardrobe\n\nTo be truly stylish does not take a huge budget or three walk-in wardrobes\nworth of designer clothes – you don't need a lot to look good. What you do\nneed though, is to make good, sensible decisions. Buy what you need, buy what\nmakes you feel great and hold on to nothing more. And look after your clothes.\nYou can do it in just 15 pieces. Don't believe us? See how to build a capsule\nwardrobe below.\n\nJust think of the space you'll save.\n\nRelated Story\n\nWhy you need to embrace rental fashion\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From A New Year\n\nThe best luxury gyms in London\n\nThe 18 best nutritionists to follow on Instagram\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nWhat are the health benefits of Dry January?\n\n12 reasons to be happy in January\n\nHow to cook low-calorie comfort food\n\nThis is the best cardio for fat loss\n\nThings nutritionists want you to stop eating\n\nHow to feel happier and healthier this year\n\nHow to motivate yourself to exercise in winter\n\nThe lazy girl’s guide to a healthier New Year\n\n * A New Year\n * Wardrobe Reset\n * Shopping\n * Fashion\n * Minimalism vs Maximalism: which is more stylish?\n * Trend watch: More is more\n * This personal styling app will help you shop well\n * How to get more from your team\n * How to be happier in just one minute\n * Memory making with London’s most creative couple\n\n * Fashion\n * Beauty\n * Culture\n * Brides\n * Travel\n * Sitemap\n\nHARPER'S BAZAAR, PART OF THE HEARST UK FASHION & BEAUTY NETWORK Harper's\nBAZAAR participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we\nmay get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\nlinks to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst UK is the trading name of the National Magazine Company Ltd, 30\nPanton Street, Leicester Square, London, SW1Y 4AJ. Registered in England. All\nRights Reserved.\n\n * Terms and conditions\n * Privacy Notice\n * Cookies Policy\n * Complaints\n * Contact us\n * Advertising\n\n * Cookies Choices\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.stitchfix.com/women/blog/fashion-tips/10-secrets-of-stylish-women/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508013715/https://www.stitchfix.com/women/blog/fashion-tips/10-secrets-of-stylish-women/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Fashion Tips: The Top 10 Tips From Stylish Women",
"passages": [
"Between balancing career, family, and finding time for ourselves, stepping out the door with style every day can seem impossible—but it’s not! We asked the most stylish women we know (our Stylists) what their secrets are for unlocking the next level of style.",
"“You can’t plan for everything, but don’t let your mornings catch you off- guard. Just like you’d plan a week’s worth of meals on a Sunday if you’re trying to save time, give outfit planning a shot to make way for stress-free mornings and outfit-regret-free days.” —Stylist, Amber F.",
"“Find stylish women to follow—whether it’s your favorite Instagram style star or your sister’s best friend’s cousin. Discover fashionistas whose style inspires you, then use their photos as inspiration to help plan your outfits (see tip #1). Not sure where to start? Check out our Instagram and Pinterest boards for endless inspiration from our most stylish ladies.” —Stylist, Jennifer M.",
"“If you’re ever on the fence about what to wear, consider your destination and who you’ll see. When in doubt, err on the side of being more dressy. If you’re worried about looking too done-up, bring along a casual layer like a jean or cargo jacket to give your look that effortless chic touch.” —Stylist, Angela G.",
"“It never hurts to try something new. Whether that includes a bright new hue that stands out from your usual neutral palette, or shifting from skinny jeans to a boyfriend silhouette, great style is built from trying new things. Who knows what trends you might discover you love!” —Stylist, Jennifer M.",
"“Try to wear at least one accessory, whether it’s a statement necklace, a pop- color bag or a great pair of earrings (or all of the above). A solid statement piece can take an ensemble from ho-hum to a stand-out in seconds.” —Stylist, Stephania S.",
"“A stylist’s not-so-secret secret weapon is a capsule wardrobe. A closet full of items that can be mixed and matched with ease can take the guesswork out of your morning. Invest in classics that will last a lifetime, like a great pair of jeans, a simple LBD and timeless jewelry.” —Stylist, Stephania S.",
"“When it comes to footwear, color, print and style packs a huge aesthetic punch—and they don’t have to be sky-high heels, either (flats can make the same statement and your feet will thank you). Even if your look is casually thrown together, adding a printed flat or a pop-of-color wedge can make things appear more intentional.” —Stylist, Jennifer M.",
"“Every once in a while, you need that pure “wow” factor. Whether it’s an amazing pair of over-the-knee boots, a vintage dress that you borrowed from your mom’s closet or an enviable handbag, keep something in your arsenal for the days you need to really show up stylish.” —Stylist, Chelsea T.",
"“The golden rule of stylish women? Fit first. With that, getting to know your body shape is key. Consider yourself a petite pear shape and prefer to highlight your shoulders? Build your closet with clothes that put the spotlight on your shape and favorite features.” —Stylist, Crista G.",
"“When it comes to trying a new trend or rocking a piece that catches your eye, don’t allow that number to prevent you from trying something new. 62 and looking to rock a pair of boyfriend jeans? Try it! 22 and wanting to shift into a buttoned-up, business-first closet? Button it up!” —Stylist, Megan S."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Fashion Tips: The Top 10 Tips From Stylish Women\n\nStitch Fix Style\n\nStitch Fix Home\n\nGet Started\n\nFashion Tips\n\n# The Top 10 Fashion Tips From Stylish Women\n\nBetween balancing career, family, and finding time for ourselves, stepping out\nthe door with style every day can seem impossible—but it’s not! We asked the\nmost stylish women we know (our Stylists) what their secrets are for unlocking\nthe next level of style.\n\n###### Share This:\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nTweet\n\nLink\n\nEmail\n\nThe secret’s out! Keep reading for 10 tips to stay effortlessly stylish.\n\nImage c/o @joyfullygreen\n\n## 1\\. PLAN IT OUT\n\n“You can’t plan for everything, but don’t let your mornings catch you off-\nguard. Just like you’d plan a week’s worth of meals on a Sunday if you’re\ntrying to save time, give outfit planning a shot to make way for stress-free\nmornings and outfit-regret-free days.” —Stylist, Amber F.\n\nImage c/o @arielleestoria\n\n## 2\\. SEEK OUT (STYLISH) INSPIRATION\n\n“Find stylish women to follow—whether it’s your favorite Instagram style star\nor your sister’s best friend’s cousin. Discover fashionistas whose style\ninspires you, then use their photos as inspiration to help plan your outfits\n(see tip #1). Not sure where to start? Check out our Instagram and Pinterest\nboards for endless inspiration from our most stylish ladies.” —Stylist,\nJennifer M.\n\n## 3\\. When in doubt, (OVER)DRESS\n\n“If you’re ever on the fence about what to wear, consider your destination and\nwho you’ll see. When in doubt, err on the side of being more dressy. If you’re\nworried about looking too done-up, bring along a casual layer like a jean or\ncargo jacket to give your look that effortless chic touch.” —Stylist, Angela\nG.\n\nImage c/o @twentysomethingplus\n\n## 4\\. Step out of your comfort zone\n\n“It never hurts to try something new. Whether that includes a bright new hue\nthat stands out from your usual neutral palette, or shifting from skinny jeans\nto a boyfriend silhouette, great style is built from trying new things. Who\nknows what trends you might discover you love!” —Stylist, Jennifer M.\n\nImage c/o @hellorigby\n\n## 5\\. ALWAYS ACCESSORIZE\n\n“Try to wear at least one accessory, whether it’s a statement necklace, a pop-\ncolor bag or a great pair of earrings (or all of the above). A solid statement\npiece can take an ensemble from ho-hum to a stand-out in seconds.” —Stylist,\nStephania S.\n\nImage c/o @kathleen_barnes\n\n## 6\\. CRAFT A CAPSULE WARDROBE\n\n“A stylist’s not-so-secret secret weapon is a capsule wardrobe. A closet full\nof items that can be mixed and matched with ease can take the guesswork out of\nyour morning. Invest in classics that will last a lifetime, like a great pair\nof jeans, a simple LBD and timeless jewelry.” —Stylist, Stephania S.\n\nImage c/o @caitlinclairexo\n\n## 7\\. TRY A STATEMENT SHOE\n\n“When it comes to footwear, color, print and style packs a huge aesthetic\npunch—and they don’t have to be sky-high heels, either (flats can make the\nsame statement and your feet will thank you). Even if your look is casually\nthrown together, adding a printed flat or a pop-of-color wedge can make things\nappear more intentional.” —Stylist, Jennifer M.\n\n## 8\\. OWN AT LEAST ONE CONVERSATION PIECE\n\n“Every once in a while, you need that pure “wow” factor. Whether it’s an\namazing pair of over-the-knee boots, a vintage dress that you borrowed from\nyour mom’s closet or an enviable handbag, keep something in your arsenal for\nthe days you need to really show up stylish.” —Stylist, Chelsea T.\n\nImage c/o @victoriarathweg\n\n## 9\\. Get to know your body shape\n\n“The golden rule of stylish women? Fit first. With that, getting to know your\nbody shape is key. Consider yourself a petite pear shape and prefer to\nhighlight your shoulders? Build your closet with clothes that put the\nspotlight on your shape and favorite features.” —Stylist, Crista G.\n\n## 10\\. Age is just a number\n\n“When it comes to trying a new trend or rocking a piece that catches your eye,\ndon’t allow that number to prevent you from trying something new. 62 and\nlooking to rock a pair of boyfriend jeans? Try it! 22 and wanting to shift\ninto a buttoned-up, business-first closet? Button it up!” —Stylist, Megan S.\n\nHave style secrets of your own? Share them in the comments!\n\nBy: Stitch Fix\n\n# Want In On A Stylish Secret?\n\nStitch Fix fashion experts can send you the latest looks to try on at home.\n\nGet a Personal Stylist\n\nComments\n\n## 0 thoughts on “The Top 10 Fashion Tips From Stylish Women”\n\n### Need expert fashion advice?\n\nAsk a Stylist\n\n### Want more tips, trends & insider news? Follow @stitchfix on Instagram\n\n * About Us\n * Gift Cards\n * Men's Style Guide\n * Join Us On Social:\n\n * Plus Sizes\n * Maternity\n * Petite\n * Big & Tall\n\n * Women’s Jeans\n * Business Casual\n * Kids\n * Stylists\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Sitemap\n * Supply Chain Information\n * Ad Choices\n\nX\n\nTap to Copy\n\nGet Started\n\n"
}
] |
3,680,019 | How To Make a Poké Ball | To make a poke ball, start by applying a coat of white primer to a round ball. Next, place 2 rubber bands around the ball so that it looks like you've marked the ball in thirds. Once your rubber bands are in place, trace the inside of the bands to create an outline. Then, take a small, round object, center it between the 2 bands, and trace around it. Finally, paint the bottom of the ball and the inner circle white, the top red, and the center strip black. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170505083146/http://mycolortopia.com:80/blog/color/what-steps-to-take-when-painting-over-dark-walls-with-a-light-paint-color",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180226124029/http://www.brighthubengineering.com:80/building-construction-design/59433-why-its-important-to-apply-primer-before-painting/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180812054632/http://www.color-hex.com:80/color-palette/1045"
] | train | -1 | [
{
"original_url": "http://mycolortopia.com:80/blog/color/what-steps-to-take-when-painting-over-dark-walls-with-a-light-paint-color",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170505083146/http://mycolortopia.com:80/blog/color/what-steps-to-take-when-painting-over-dark-walls-with-a-light-paint-color",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Steps For Painting Over Dark Walls With A Light Color – My Colortopia",
"passages": [
"Over the past few months I have been painting over dark walls in my home. I loved this dark green color, but after 8 years, I wanted to see a change. I am going much lighter and brighter. I knew that because I was going to be painting over it with a much lighter paint, I would have to take an extra step in the painting process to make sure when I rolled the new color on the wall, it would not change color due to the dark green base. These are the steps I followed in my color transformation.",
"2. When painting over dark walls with light paint colors, it is imperative to use a white primer. If you were doing the opposite—painting a dark or vivid color over a much lighter one—you should use a grey primer. Glidden Gripper comes in both white and grey formulas. Using it will ensure that your color comes out true when dry, with no dark base color muting a light one or a light base color making it impossible to get bold color coverage. Using it also lessens the need for additional coats of paint to get complete coverage.",
"3. When rolling the paint on the wall, roll in large, wide “M” or “W” shapes. When reloading the roller, make sure to roll in on the slanted part of the paint tray to remove some of the paint. This will ensure you don’t create roller lines in the paint finish. Let dry.",
"4. Add a second coat to areas in which you can still see any of the previous color through the primer. Let dry.",
"I have been sponsored by the Glidden® brand paint for PPG to write this post but the thoughts and opinions expressed are my own.",
"Diane Henkler decorated her first home using tricks from her work in the display trade. She wrote a book called Instant Decorating and now shares her decorating ideas on her blog, InMyOwnStyle.com."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Steps For Painting Over Dark Walls With A Light Color – My Colortopia -\nInterior Decorating Tips & Painting Ideas\n\nMy Colortopia — colorful living made easy\n\nPowered By Glidden Paint\n\nOpen Menu\n\n##### Account Info\n\n * Sign In\n * Register\n * Project Folder\n\nBlog » Steps For Painting Over Dark Walls With A Light Color\n\nJune 25th, 2013\n\n### Steps For Painting Over Dark Walls With A Light Color\n\nBy Diane Henkler\n\nShare this on:\n\nBefore: Dark Wall Color\n\nOver the past few months I have been painting over dark walls in my home. I\nloved this dark green color, but after 8 years, I wanted to see a change. I am\ngoing much lighter and brighter. I knew that because I was going to be\npainting over it with a much lighter paint, I would have to take an extra step\nin the painting process to make sure when I rolled the new color on the wall,\nit would not change color due to the dark green base. These are the steps I\nfollowed in my color transformation.\n\n1\\. Before painting, fill holes with filler and sand smooth.\n\n2\\. When painting over dark walls with light paint colors, it is imperative to\nuse a white primer. If you were doing the opposite—painting a dark or vivid\ncolor over a much lighter one—you should use a grey primer. Glidden Gripper\ncomes in both white and grey formulas. Using it will ensure that your color\ncomes out true when dry, with no dark base color muting a light one or a light\nbase color making it impossible to get bold color coverage. Using it also\nlessens the need for additional coats of paint to get complete coverage.\n\n3\\. When rolling the paint on the wall, roll in large, wide “M” or “W” shapes.\nWhen reloading the roller, make sure to roll in on the slanted part of the\npaint tray to remove some of the paint. This will ensure you don’t create\nroller lines in the paint finish. Let dry.\n\n4\\. Add a second coat to areas in which you can still see any of the previous\ncolor through the primer. Let dry.\n\nI have been sponsored by the Glidden® brand paint for PPG to write this post\nbut the thoughts and opinions expressed are my own.\n\nCategories: Before & Afters, Color, How to Paint, Painting Tips\n\n## Comments\n\n« Back to Blog\n\n###### About Diane\n\nDiane Henkler decorated her first home using tricks from her work in the\ndisplay trade. She wrote a book called Instant Decorating and now shares her\ndecorating ideas on her blog, InMyOwnStyle.com.\n\nSee Diane's Posts\n\n###### Recent Posts\n\n * 6 top secrets for painting small spaces, doors, and trim\n * Trending Green Paint Colors\n * 2 DIY projects from 1 set of dining room chairs\n * Tips for adding a light paint on dark color wall.\n * Tips for Making Latex Paint Cleanup Easy\n\n###### Categories\n\n * Announcements\n * Bathrooms\n * Bedrooms\n * Before & Afters\n * Color\n * Dens\n * Dining Rooms\n * Examples\n * Getting Started\n * How to Paint\n * Inspiration\n * Inspired by Epcot\n * International Markets\n * Kitchens\n * Living & Family Rooms\n * Nurseries\n * Offices\n * Painting Tips\n * Planning Your Project\n * Uncategorized\n * Videos\n\n# Our Team\n\n### Eduardo Rodriguez\n\n### Kate Riley\n\n### Melissa Michaels\n\n### Lindsay Ballard\n\n### Stefanie Schiada\n\n### Diane Henkler\n\n### Mark & Theresa Clement\n\n© 2017 PPG Industries. All Rights Reserved. | PPG Legal Notices | Contact Us |\nAbout My Colortopia® © Disney\n\n * Glidden\n * Glidden Paint\n * @Glidden_Paint\n * @GliddenPaints\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.brighthubengineering.com:80/building-construction-design/59433-why-its-important-to-apply-primer-before-painting/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180226124029/http://www.brighthubengineering.com:80/building-construction-design/59433-why-its-important-to-apply-primer-before-painting/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What is the Purpose of a Paint Primer?",
"passages": [
"Though the application of primer increases the cost, it is essential because it ensures a proper adhesion of the paint with the surface. There are several types of primers including oil, latex, and shellac. Prior to application of primer, the surfaces should be properly cleaned and dried.",
"Primer paint is a preliminary layer of coating that is applied on the materials prior to the paint. It ensures that the paint adhesion to the surface is proper, enhances the durability of paint, and imparts extra safety to the surface being painted. Primer also seals the pores in the permeable materials, and averts bleeding from knots. If suitably applied, primers will enhance the life of the paint, and also improve the appearance.",
"All incomplete surfaces are required to be primed prior to painting, including dry walls, concrete, wood, and metal. Application of paint to unprimed surfaces may cause additional peeling and development of cracks, compared to when the paint is applied to suitably primed surfaces. Therefore, though this process of priming may cause additional expenditures, preferably it must not be omitted.",
"Surfaces that have been previously painted may not need priming, unless the oil based paints are being changed to latex paint, or the paint already applied has deteriorated. The surfaces that have deteriorated should be cleaned suitably before the application of primer.",
"Proper preparation of the surfaces will ensure better adhesion of the primer. Surfaces that have oil-based paint should not be painted with a latex paint, otherwise the adhesion will not be durable. Primers can be chosen to correspond with the color of the paint.",
"It is essential that the primers should only be applied to dry and clean surfaces. Primer effect will be improved if the surfaces are smoothened by a sand paper, and dust removed with a damp cloth, before the application of primer. After the primer has been applied, cleaning of the surfaces before application of the finishing coat, will improve the desired effects of paint. After the primer application, surfaces may be painted after a few days to ensure proper drying of the primer. Since the primer fumes may be toxic, proper ventilation by opening windows and use of fans should be ensured. Use of mask or respirator during priming will be helpful.",
"Primers are normally based on oil, latex, and shellac, with each category possessing different ingredient characteristics and applications. The primer categories are:",
"These are primers that dry slowly and produce volatile organic compounds. Mineral spirits are required for cleaning and thinning purposes. The pores are filled adequately, and a smooth finish is produced. Oil primers are generally used for:",
"* On existing paint that has deteriorated due to the development of cracks, or other defects.\n* Wood that is not finished.\n* Wood that has been varnished.\n* Woods that have a tendency to bleed.\n* Eroded wood.\nLatex Primer",
"These are water soluble primers that are dried in a short time, and are gradually becoming popular. Latex primers are extremely suitable for unfinished dry walls since they improve the texture and the shine. They also permit passage of water vapor, due to which these are not expected to peel. They produce a finish that resists cracks, due to which this category is suitable for application on the bare soft woods. Latex primers are used on:",
"* Masonry works like concrete blocks or bricks.\n* Galvanized metal that has been cleaned properly.\n* Bare soft woods.\n* Unfinished dry walls.\nShellac Primers",
"The drying of shellac based primers is fast, and denatured alcohol is used for cleaning and thinning.Their performance is impressive when used to stop stains and prevent bleeding. However, due to their bad smell, these are not easy to use. These primers are normally used for:"
]
},
"parsed_md": "What is the Purpose of a Paint Primer?\n\n#\n\n# Bright Hub Engineering\n\n * Civil Engineering\n\n * Civil Engineering\n * Building Construction & Design\n * Concrete Technology\n * Geotechnical Engineering\n * Hydraulics\n * Structural Engineering\n * Electrical Engineering\n\n * Electrical Engineering\n * Appliances & Electronics\n * Commercial Applications\n * DIY Digital/Analog\n * Power Distribution/Generation\n * Marine Engineering\n\n * Marine Engineering\n * Machinery & Ship Systems\n * Marine History\n * Naval Architecture\n * Seafaring\n * Mechanical Engineering\n\n * Mechanical Engineering\n * CAD Reviews & Tips\n * Energy / Power Plants\n * Fluid Mechanics / Hydraulics\n * HVAC / HVACR\n * Machine Design\n * Manufacturing Technology\n * Robotics\n * Thermodynamics\n\nLeave a comment\n\n## Why it's Important to Apply Primer Before Painting\n\nwritten by: Swagatam • edited by: Lamar Stonecypher • updated: 10/6/2011\n\nThough the application of primer increases the cost, it is essential because\nit ensures a proper adhesion of the paint with the surface. There are several\ntypes of primers including oil, latex, and shellac. Prior to application of\nprimer, the surfaces should be properly cleaned and dried.\n\n * slide 1 of 4\n\n### What is a Paint Primer?\n\nPrimer paint is a preliminary layer of coating that is applied on the\nmaterials prior to the paint. It ensures that the paint adhesion to the\nsurface is proper, enhances the durability of paint, and imparts extra safety\nto the surface being painted. Primer also seals the pores in the permeable\nmaterials, and averts bleeding from knots. If suitably applied, primers will\nenhance the life of the paint, and also improve the appearance.\n\n * slide 2 of 4\n\n### Uses of a Primer for Painting\n\nAll incomplete surfaces are required to be primed prior to painting, including\ndry walls, concrete, wood, and metal. Application of paint to unprimed\nsurfaces may cause additional peeling and development of cracks, compared to\nwhen the paint is applied to suitably primed surfaces. Therefore, though this\nprocess of priming may cause additional expenditures, preferably it must not\nbe omitted.\n\nSurfaces that have been previously painted may not need priming, unless the\noil based paints are being changed to latex paint, or the paint already\napplied has deteriorated. The surfaces that have deteriorated should be\ncleaned suitably before the application of primer.\n\nProper preparation of the surfaces will ensure better adhesion of the primer.\nSurfaces that have oil-based paint should not be painted with a latex paint,\notherwise the adhesion will not be durable. Primers can be chosen to\ncorrespond with the color of the paint.\n\n * slide 3 of 4\n\n### Primer Application\n\nIt is essential that the primers should only be applied to dry and clean\nsurfaces. Primer effect will be improved if the surfaces are smoothened by a\nsand paper, and dust removed with a damp cloth, before the application of\nprimer. After the primer has been applied, cleaning of the surfaces before\napplication of the finishing coat, will improve the desired effects of paint.\nAfter the primer application, surfaces may be painted after a few days to\nensure proper drying of the primer. Since the primer fumes may be toxic,\nproper ventilation by opening windows and use of fans should be ensured. Use\nof mask or respirator during priming will be helpful.\n\n * slide 4 of 4\n\n### Types of Primers\n\nPrimers are normally based on oil, latex, and shellac, with each category\npossessing different ingredient characteristics and applications. The primer\ncategories are:\n\nOil Based Primer\n\nThese are primers that dry slowly and produce volatile organic compounds.\nMineral spirits are required for cleaning and thinning purposes. The pores are\nfilled adequately, and a smooth finish is produced. Oil primers are generally\nused for:\n\n * On existing paint that has deteriorated due to the development of cracks, or other defects.\n * Wood that is not finished.\n * Wood that has been varnished.\n * Woods that have a tendency to bleed.\n * Eroded wood.\n\nLatex Primer\n\nThese are water soluble primers that are dried in a short time, and are\ngradually becoming popular. Latex primers are extremely suitable for\nunfinished dry walls since they improve the texture and the shine. They also\npermit passage of water vapor, due to which these are not expected to peel.\nThey produce a finish that resists cracks, due to which this category is\nsuitable for application on the bare soft woods. Latex primers are used on:\n\n * Masonry works like concrete blocks or bricks.\n * Galvanized metal that has been cleaned properly.\n * Bare soft woods.\n * Unfinished dry walls.\n\nShellac Primers\n\nThe drying of shellac based primers is fast, and denatured alcohol is used for\ncleaning and thinning.Their performance is impressive when used to stop stains\nand prevent bleeding. However, due to their bad smell, these are not easy to\nuse. These primers are normally used for:\n\n * Plaster, wood, plastic, or when drying is required urgently.\n * Covering rust, smoke, and other marks.\n\n◄●●●●►\n\n### References\n\n * Paint Primer - http://www.askthebuilder.com/706_Paint_Primer.shtml\n * When and How to Use Primer - http://www.essortment.com/use-primer-46364.html\n\n### We Also Recommend...\n\nPowered by the Parse.ly Publisher Platform (P3).\n\n * About BH Engineering\n * Contact Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * RSS\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Copyright Policy\n\n© 2012-2016 Bright Hub Inc. All Rights Reserved\n\n### More Info\n\n### Subscribe & Follow:\n\nFacebookTwitterGoogle+RSSEmail\n\n### Related Topics:\n\n * Building Construction & Design\n * Concrete Technology\n * Geotechnical Engineering\n * Hydraulics\n * Structural Engineering\n\nTweets by @BH_Engineering\n\nSignup for EmailsClick here to signup for our newsletter »\n\n### Popular Pages\n\n * Home\n\n## Social\n\n## Navigation\n\n * Civil Engineering\n * Electrical Engineering\n * Marine Engineering\n * Mechanical Engineering\n\n## Search\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.color-hex.com:80/color-palette/1045",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180812054632/http://www.color-hex.com:80/color-palette/1045",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pokeball Color Palette",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Pokeball Color Palette\n\n * Blog\n * Latest Palettes\n\n * Palettes\n\n * Popular Palettes\n * Top Contributors\n * Add New Palette\n * Colors\n\n * Popular Colors\n * Color Names\n * Web Safe Colors\n * Random Colors\n * Color Wheel\n * Login\n\nColor Hex »\n\nColor Palettes »\n\nPokeball\n\n# Pokeball Color Palette\n\nbuneary\n\n24 Favorites 1 Comments\n\nLogin to add palette to your favorites.\n\nIn your favorite palettes\n\n## Colors in Palette\n\nColor| Hex| RGB \n---|---|--- \n#ee1515| (238,21,21) \n#f00000| (240,0,0) \n#222224| (34,34,36) \n#f0f0f0| (240,240,240) \n#f0f0f0| (240,240,240) \n \nFacebook Google+ Twitter\n\n### PNG Image of Pokeball Color Palette\n\nDownload Color Palette\n\n### Comments\n\n13 Dec 2017, 19:17 disasterdaniel\n\nHeckin nerd\n\nPlease login to write comment.\n\nHelp | Credits | Privacy | Android App | Contact Us | @ColorHex © 2010-2018\nwww.Color-Hex.com\n\n"
}
] |
8,482,215 | How To Grow Banana Trees in Containers | To grow a banana tree in a container, you’ll need to use a dwarf variety, since regular banana trees can grow too large for pots. Use a 6- or 8-inch pot with a drainage hole, since banana trees thrive in well-drained soil. Your soil should be mildly acidic soil and have a good mix of peat, perlite, and vermiculite. Once you've planted your banana tree, keep it by a large window or in the shade so it gets bright, indirect sunlight. Make sure its soil is damp ½ inch down every day. You should also fertilize it once a month with a fertilizer high in magnesium, potassium, and nitrogen so your tree gets all the nutrients it needs. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201108104829/http://www.tropicamango.com/banana.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200924150026/https://www.florida-palm-trees.com/transplanting-palm-tree-bigger-container/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200421095706/http://plantozoid.com/growing-bananas-indoors-step-by-step-guide/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200422050111/https://www.logees.com/growingandfruitingbananas",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170520163505/http://www.fast-growing-trees.com:80/blog/winterizing-banana-trees-the-quick-guide/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921063937/https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=311",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190315221702/http://www.weekendgardener.net/fruit/grow-bananas-indoors-011001.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200923222209/https://balconygardenweb.com/how-to-grow-banana-trees-growing-banana-trees-in-pots/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200422044118/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161124005024/en/Top-5-Vendors-Water-Soluble-Fertilizers-Market-2016",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201024032549/https://themicrogardener.com/choosing-a-container-the-pros-and-cons-2/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200422074723/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/03/nyregion/gardening-choosing-fertilizer-for-indoor-plants.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201027212609/https://www.starkbros.com/growing-guide/article/fruit-trees-in-containers-pt1/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201031204239/https://www.tropicalpermaculture.com/growing-bananas.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170923212250/http://www.promusa.org:80/Banana%20sucker",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171231025450/https://www.fast-growing-trees.com/blog/banana-trees-key-tips-lead-tons-fruit/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200422102722/https://www.floridahillnursery.com/banana-tree-plants-c-3",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200423055932/https://www.smart-fertilizer.com/articles/banana-fertilizer-requirements/"
] | train | -1 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.tropicamango.com/banana.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201108104829/http://www.tropicamango.com/banana.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Not To Kill Your Banana Tree, (Plant)",
"passages": [
"Bananas are fast-growing herbaceous perennials arising from underground rhizomes. The fleshy stalks or pseudostems formed by upright concentric layers of leaf sheaths constitute the functional trunks. The true stem begins as an underground corm which grows upwards, pushing its way out through the center of the stalk 10-15 months after planting, eventually producing the terminal inflorescence which will later bear the fruit. Each stalk produces one huge flower cluster and then dies. New stalks then grow from the rhizome. Banana plants are extremely decorative, ranking next to palm trees for the tropical feeling they lend to the landscape.",
"Bananas love sun and heat so pick a sunny location where they will receive light most of the day. Fruiting bananan plants will stop growing if in a mostly shady location; as well shady locations tend to stay wet longer especially in the winter when it is important to reduce watering as it may lead to root rot. Dig a hole twice as wide as the container and about 1 1/2 times as deep. At the bottom of the hole add about 2-4 inches of steer manure and then cover with soil mix to bring the depth to a level that will accommodate the plant. Bananas like well draining organic soil that is rocky and has lava sand, much like you would find in Hawaii. I have had best results with cactus mix soils and the best product has been Organo Patio Mix. It contains lava rock, lava sand amongst other beneficial items. Next cut the bottom of the container and set the plant in the hole, it should be about 2 inches above soil level to accommodate for settling. Next cut away the sides of the container and refill the hole with a mix of 2/3 soil mix and 1/3 native soil and water well. Use the remaining soil to build a berm around the plant.",
"Bananas need regualr watering to sustain the large tropical leaves and produce sweet tasty fruit. You should expect to water slowly and deeply every 2 or 3 days during the warmer months. A test when to water is when the top 1/2-1 inch of soil is dry. If you planted in a shady spot or one that tends to stay wet for some other reason you may have water less. Bananas are suspectable to root rot and don't like continually wet soil or standing water, though this should only be a concern during the winter as during the midst of summer it is important that you water and don't be afraid to do so as the result would be equally as bad. Banana plants stop growing during the cooler months when temperatures stay below 50's so wont need much water. Don't take this to mean that you let the plant just dry out, it just means that between watering every couple of weeks and our normal winter rains your plant should survive just fine.",
"If you were careful not to over water during the winter your banana plant should be able to survive our desert frost and occasional freezes with little or no permanent damage. I carried 9 different varieties of bananas plants with out protection during the unusually cold winter nights of Jan. 2007 and all survived, one even fruited during this period. Banana leaves will burn at the slightest frost and though they might look dead to you they should be just fine. At this point just let the dead leaves hang on the plant to provide added protection to the stocks and as soon as it warms back up and you start to see a new leaf emerge then cut off all the dead leaves. The fruit is not so hardy so if your plant was carrying fruit during a frost or freeze it is most likely lost. Though banana plants basically stop growing once night time temperatures stay in the 50's f it is still possible to carry fruit though this time provided that you cover the fruit and add a heat source on very cold nights. In a few weeks once warmer temperatures return hopefully the fruit will continue to ripen and you will be rewarded for your efforts. In the rare event that the stock does not survive, do not dig up the whole plant, just cut the stock at ground level and wait for warmer weather. In all likely hood you should see a new leaf eventually emerge and/or one or more pups from the mat. I had a friend who was out of town during the freeze and his father who thought the plants were dead cut them down and drove over the area with a aerator and his plants still came back.",
"Banana plants are heavy feeders and would benefit greatly from regular feeding all during the growing season. Best would be to apply a small amount of a balanced fertilizer containing all the secondary and micro nutrients every time you water, next best would be to give a full dose of fertilizer once a month. When the flower is produced I recommend cutting back on nitrogen (N) if you are using a chemical fertilizer as it can turn the fruit black, but continuing to feed with a product that still contains a good amount of pottasium (K). Organic fertilizer are less of a concern and a search on the internet will lead to many suggestions. Also there are a number of products in the stores that work well, from bat guano, fish emulsion to liquid sea weed, just make sure if you are growing your banana plants for fruit that you feed them regulary in order for the plant to produce the maximum size and number of fruit the plant is capable of.",
"As mentioned in the location and planting paragraph, banana plants like well draining soil with lots of organic matter. Do not use potting soil as this contains a great deal of peat which tends to stay too wet and subject your plant to root rot. Strange as it may seem to you the best product to use believe it or not is cactus/palm mix. True a banana plant is not a cactus however both like sandy, rocky, organic soil that drains very well, the difference is you are going to water a banana plant far more than you are a cactus. Around town the best product I have found is with a good mix of lava sand, lava rock, blood meal, organic matter and other good stuff is ORGANO PATIO MIX FOR PALMS AND CACTUS, packaged locally by GroWell Industries. You should be able to find this or similar in most garden centers. You can grow your plant in a 100 percent medium such as this or at a ratio of 2/3 soil mix to 1/3 native soil. Last you should mulch with a good brand of compost to a depth of 2-4 inches around your plant. This will act as slow release fertilizer as it decomposes but also help in soil evaporation.",
"Though the banana plant can with stand a good deal of wind and it is unlikely that it would be toppled, summer monsoons can mean trouble when they are carrying a large head of fruit. Depending on when the plant produces its fruit stock it may be necessary to support the fruit stock with two poles during spring winds or summer monsoons to prevent it from snapping off in a high wind.",
"Though not nessasary, as with most non native plants they would appreciate an afternoon break from the suns most intense rays during summer months, especially if carring fruit. The banana fruit is sensitive to sunburn, so in the case that the fruit is produced on the west side of the plant you would benefit by draping it with shade cloth or other light weight material."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How Not To Kill Your Banana Tree, (Plant)\n\n| | | | How Not To Kill Your Banana Tree, (Plant) \n--- \n \nOrder Online\n\nhttp://www.azrfg.com/bananas.pdf http://www.phoenixtropicals.com/banana.html\nhttp://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html\nhttp://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html \n \nINTRODUCTION LOCATION AND PLANTING WATERING CARE AND FROST PROTECTION\nFERTILIZING SOIL WINDS SUN AND HEAT LEARN\n\nINTRODUCTION\n\nBananas are fast-growing herbaceous perennials arising from underground\nrhizomes. The fleshy stalks or pseudostems formed by upright concentric layers\nof leaf sheaths constitute the functional trunks. The true stem begins as an\nunderground corm which grows upwards, pushing its way out through the center\nof the stalk 10-15 months after planting, eventually producing the terminal\ninflorescence which will later bear the fruit. Each stalk produces one huge\nflower cluster and then dies. New stalks then grow from the rhizome. Banana\nplants are extremely decorative, ranking next to palm trees for the tropical\nfeeling they lend to the landscape.\n\nBack to Top\n\nLOCATION AND PLANTING\n\nBananas love sun and heat so pick a sunny location where they will receive\nlight most of the day. Fruiting bananan plants will stop growing if in a\nmostly shady location; as well shady locations tend to stay wet longer\nespecially in the winter when it is important to reduce watering as it may\nlead to root rot. Dig a hole twice as wide as the container and about 1 1/2\ntimes as deep. At the bottom of the hole add about 2-4 inches of steer manure\nand then cover with soil mix to bring the depth to a level that will\naccommodate the plant. Bananas like well draining organic soil that is rocky\nand has lava sand, much like you would find in Hawaii. I have had best results\nwith cactus mix soils and the best product has been Organo Patio Mix. It\ncontains lava rock, lava sand amongst other beneficial items. Next cut the\nbottom of the container and set the plant in the hole, it should be about 2\ninches above soil level to accommodate for settling. Next cut away the sides\nof the container and refill the hole with a mix of 2/3 soil mix and 1/3 native\nsoil and water well. Use the remaining soil to build a berm around the plant.\n\nBack to Top\n\nWATERING\n\nBananas need regualr watering to sustain the large tropical leaves and produce\nsweet tasty fruit. You should expect to water slowly and deeply every 2 or 3\ndays during the warmer months. A test when to water is when the top 1/2-1 inch\nof soil is dry. If you planted in a shady spot or one that tends to stay wet\nfor some other reason you may have water less. Bananas are suspectable to root\nrot and don't like continually wet soil or standing water, though this should\nonly be a concern during the winter as during the midst of summer it is\nimportant that you water and don't be afraid to do so as the result would be\nequally as bad. Banana plants stop growing during the cooler months when\ntemperatures stay below 50's so wont need much water. Don't take this to mean\nthat you let the plant just dry out, it just means that between watering every\ncouple of weeks and our normal winter rains your plant should survive just\nfine.\n\nBack to Top\n\nCARE AND FROST PROTECTION\n\nIf you were careful not to over water during the winter your banana plant\nshould be able to survive our desert frost and occasional freezes with little\nor no permanent damage. I carried 9 different varieties of bananas plants with\nout protection during the unusually cold winter nights of Jan. 2007 and all\nsurvived, one even fruited during this period. Banana leaves will burn at the\nslightest frost and though they might look dead to you they should be just\nfine. At this point just let the dead leaves hang on the plant to provide\nadded protection to the stocks and as soon as it warms back up and you start\nto see a new leaf emerge then cut off all the dead leaves. The fruit is not so\nhardy so if your plant was carrying fruit during a frost or freeze it is most\nlikely lost. Though banana plants basically stop growing once night time\ntemperatures stay in the 50's f it is still possible to carry fruit though\nthis time provided that you cover the fruit and add a heat source on very cold\nnights. In a few weeks once warmer temperatures return hopefully the fruit\nwill continue to ripen and you will be rewarded for your efforts. In the rare\nevent that the stock does not survive, do not dig up the whole plant, just cut\nthe stock at ground level and wait for warmer weather. In all likely hood you\nshould see a new leaf eventually emerge and/or one or more pups from the mat.\nI had a friend who was out of town during the freeze and his father who\nthought the plants were dead cut them down and drove over the area with a\naerator and his plants still came back.\n\nBack to Top\n\nFERTILIZING\n\nBanana plants are heavy feeders and would benefit greatly from regular feeding\nall during the growing season. Best would be to apply a small amount of a\nbalanced fertilizer containing all the secondary and micro nutrients every\ntime you water, next best would be to give a full dose of fertilizer once a\nmonth. When the flower is produced I recommend cutting back on nitrogen (N) if\nyou are using a chemical fertilizer as it can turn the fruit black, but\ncontinuing to feed with a product that still contains a good amount of\npottasium (K). Organic fertilizer are less of a concern and a search on the\ninternet will lead to many suggestions. Also there are a number of products in\nthe stores that work well, from bat guano, fish emulsion to liquid sea weed,\njust make sure if you are growing your banana plants for fruit that you feed\nthem regulary in order for the plant to produce the maximum size and number of\nfruit the plant is capable of.\n\nBack to Top\n\nSOIL\n\nAs mentioned in the location and planting paragraph, banana plants like well\ndraining soil with lots of organic matter. Do not use potting soil as this\ncontains a great deal of peat which tends to stay too wet and subject your\nplant to root rot. Strange as it may seem to you the best product to use\nbelieve it or not is cactus/palm mix. True a banana plant is not a cactus\nhowever both like sandy, rocky, organic soil that drains very well, the\ndifference is you are going to water a banana plant far more than you are a\ncactus. Around town the best product I have found is with a good mix of lava\nsand, lava rock, blood meal, organic matter and other good stuff is ORGANO\nPATIO MIX FOR PALMS AND CACTUS, packaged locally by GroWell Industries. You\nshould be able to find this or similar in most garden centers. You can grow\nyour plant in a 100 percent medium such as this or at a ratio of 2/3 soil mix\nto 1/3 native soil. Last you should mulch with a good brand of compost to a\ndepth of 2-4 inches around your plant. This will act as slow release\nfertilizer as it decomposes but also help in soil evaporation.\n\nBack to Top\n\nWINDS\n\nThough the banana plant can with stand a good deal of wind and it is unlikely\nthat it would be toppled, summer monsoons can mean trouble when they are\ncarrying a large head of fruit. Depending on when the plant produces its fruit\nstock it may be necessary to support the fruit stock with two poles during\nspring winds or summer monsoons to prevent it from snapping off in a high\nwind.\n\nBack to Top\n\nSUN AND HEAT\n\nThough not nessasary, as with most non native plants they would appreciate an\nafternoon break from the suns most intense rays during summer months,\nespecially if carring fruit. The banana fruit is sensitive to sunburn, so in\nthe case that the fruit is produced on the west side of the plant you would\nbenefit by draping it with shade cloth or other light weight material.\n\nBack to Top\n\nLEARN\n\nhttp://www.azrfg.com/bananas.pdf http://www.phoenixtropicals.com/banana.html\nhttp://www.crfg.org/pubs/ff/banana.html\nhttp://www.hort.purdue.edu/newcrop/morton/banana.html\n\nBack to Top \n \n| |Home Page| |Air Plant Terrarium| |Book Appointment| |CONTACT US| |Hours and\nDirections| |What We Sell| |WHAT'S NEW| |Fruits of Warm Climates| |High\nDensity Planting| |Books| |About Our Nursery| |Internet Links/Sources|\n|Mission Statement| |FAQ| |Does It Grow In Arizona?| |Growing Sub-Tropicals|\n|FROST PROTECTION| |FREEZE DAMAGE CARE!!| |Growing Avocados| |Growing Bamboo|\n|Growing Bananas| |Growing Citrus Trees| |Growing Dragon Fruit| |Growing\nGuavas| |Growing Loquats| |Growing Mangos| |Growing Papayas| |Growing Passion\nFruit| |Growing Plumeria| |Growing Figs| |Nursery Policy | |Welcome| |Summer\nPlanting| |Site Map| |Hardiness Lookup Tool| \n---\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.florida-palm-trees.com/transplanting-palm-tree-bigger-container/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200924150026/https://www.florida-palm-trees.com/transplanting-palm-tree-bigger-container/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Transplanting Palm Tree to a Bigger Container",
"passages": [
"This is probably the easiest transplanting project out of all of them because you don’t need to dig out the palm or transport it somewhere. Also, if you moving a palm from one container to another, that means your palm is small. Remember, palm trees can’t grow in the container forever. Eventually, you will have to transplant it into the ground or it will die.",
"Step 1. Bigger container. Start by getting a bigger container with holes at the bottom to ensure a good drainage.",
"Step 2. Removing the palm. Next, lay the palm on its side and slide it out of the container. You might need to tap it on the sides. Container grown palms often have roots that wrap around the inside of the container. Those roots don’t need to be cut like in broadleaf trees. Also, try to keep the old soil around the rootball. That will help minimizing the transplant shock. Be careful not to damage the roots when transplanting.",
"Step 3. Soil Mix. I recommend using getting some organic soil and mixing it with sand to provide good drainage. Recently, stores have been selling a lot of soil mixes with added fertilizer. Those are the worst. It is guaranteed to burn the roots of the palm. Just use an organic soil mix. I like to mix three parts of soil and one part of sand.",
"Step 4. Planting the palm. Palms should be planted on the same level as it was grown before unless it was planted to high from the beginning. Planting it too deep might result in nutrients deficiencies. Place some soil at the bottom on the bigger pot. Drench it with water. Next, place the palm into the new container and fill the rest of the space with soil mix.",
"Step 5. Watering. Water your palm making sure the soil around the root ball is moist. First two weeks after transplanting, water your palm every 2 days. Then you can go back to the regular watering schedule.",
"Step 6. Fertilizing. Do not fertilize the palm for the first two months or until you see the new growth. Since your palm will be experiencing a transplant shock, it doesn’t need to be stressed out even more.",
"Keep your palm in the same location it was growing before. You can move it after you see that it is doing well in its new container."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Transplanting Palm Tree to a Bigger Container\n\nFlorida Palm Trees\n\nLearn secrets to growing beautiful palm trees in different climates\n\nYou are here: Home\n\n/ Palm Tree Articles\n\n/ Transplanting Palm Tree to a Bigger Container\n\n# Transplanting Palm Tree to a Bigger Container\n\nJune 26, 2011 By: Susan Brian\n\nThis is probably the easiest transplanting project out of all of them because\nyou don’t need to dig out the palm or transport it somewhere. Also, if you\nmoving a palm from one container to another, that means your palm is small.\nRemember, palm trees can’t grow in the container forever. Eventually, you will\nhave to transplant it into the ground or it will die.\n\nStep 1. Bigger container. Start by getting a bigger container with holes at\nthe bottom to ensure a good drainage.\n\nStep 2. Removing the palm. Next, lay the palm on its side and slide it out of\nthe container. You might need to tap it on the sides. Container grown palms\noften have roots that wrap around the inside of the container. Those roots\ndon’t need to be cut like in broadleaf trees. Also, try to keep the old soil\naround the rootball. That will help minimizing the transplant shock. Be\ncareful not to damage the roots when transplanting.\n\nStep 3. Soil Mix. I recommend using getting some organic soil and mixing it\nwith sand to provide good drainage. Recently, stores have been selling a lot\nof soil mixes with added fertilizer. Those are the worst. It is guaranteed to\nburn the roots of the palm. Just use an organic soil mix. I like to mix three\nparts of soil and one part of sand.\n\nStep 4. Planting the palm. Palms should be planted on the same level as it was\ngrown before unless it was planted to high from the beginning. Planting it too\ndeep might result in nutrients deficiencies. Place some soil at the bottom on\nthe bigger pot. Drench it with water. Next, place the palm into the new\ncontainer and fill the rest of the space with soil mix.\n\nStep 5. Watering. Water your palm making sure the soil around the root ball is\nmoist. First two weeks after transplanting, water your palm every 2 days. Then\nyou can go back to the regular watering schedule.\n\nStep 6. Fertilizing. Do not fertilize the palm for the first two months or\nuntil you see the new growth. Since your palm will be experiencing a\ntransplant shock, it doesn’t need to be stressed out even more.\n\nKeep your palm in the same location it was growing before. You can move it\nafter you see that it is doing well in its new container.\n\n~Susan Brian\n\nRelated Articles\n\n * Top 10 Transplanting Palm Tree Mistakes\n * Transplanting Palm Tree from One Location to Another\n * Transplanting Palm Tree from a Container into the Ground\n * Palm Tree Planting Step-By-Step\n\nP.S. If you like this article, please click “Like” button below.\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\n#### Search This Site\n\n#### Palm Tree Types\n\n * Cold Hardy Palms\n * Fast Growing Palms\n * Indoor Palm Trees\n * Palm Tree Types\n * Popular Palm Trees\n * Small Palm Trees\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * 7 Tips for Minimizing Transplant Shock in Palm Trees\n * Transplanting Palm Tree to a Bigger Container\n * Top 10 Palm Tree Transplanting Mistakes\n * Transplanting Palm Tree From One Location to Another\n * Transplanting Palm Tree From A Container Into The Ground\n * Palm Tree Cold Hardiness Zone Map\n * Secret to Growing Cold Hardy Palm Trees\n * Importance of Microclimate When Choosing Cold Hardy Palms\n * Top 5 Factors Affecting Cold Hardy Palm Tree Growth\n\nCopyright © 2020 · Modern Blogger Pro Theme By, Pretty Darn Cute Design\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://plantozoid.com/growing-bananas-indoors-step-by-step-guide/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200421095706/http://plantozoid.com/growing-bananas-indoors-step-by-step-guide/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Growing bananas indoors",
"passages": [
"If you ever thought of bringing the tropics indoors, think about growing an exotic plant such as banana. It is a simple, yet unusual way of having lush foliage and full supply of delicious fruit year round. Instead of same old house plants, a banana plant will bring a fresh look into your home and will provide you with a fun and interesting project for the winter.",
"Bananas are perennials and are treated as giant herbs. Contrary to popular belief, their trunks are not wooden. Instead, they are made of layers of leaves wrapped around each other to form a trunk. Every banana plant begins as an underground bulb from which the true stem grows. The stem develops through the center of the stalk, which than later produces fruit.",
"Each stalk supplies massive flower cluster which whiter away. In its place another stalk grows. The process keeps repeating itself until the tree produces fruit, typically after one year of cultivating new plant. To accelerate the process, fertilizers rich in potassium are recommended.",
"The suckers (pups) that grow at the base of the plant can be removed to propagate more new plants. After the plants have matured and produced fruit, it is important to leave at least one sucker in place as the mother plant will die if all the suckers are removed prematurely.",
"Most banana plants come as bulbs or corms, but very few nurseries keep them in stack. They can be special ordered or they can be purchased from different vendors via online. When the shipment arrives, washing them in lukewarm water will ensure that any fungal deposits, debris and bacteria will be removed before planting. It will ensure proper potting and establishing the plant into its maturity.",
"When selecting your purchase, the height of the plant typically determines the choice. Dwarf banana plants are suitable for apartments or cabins. Giant banana trees may be suitable for large homes with vaulted ceilings as long as all requirements, such as warmth, no drafts and plenty of sunlight are met.",
"Indoor banana trees typically grow anywhere from 3-9 feet and many varieties are presently available. Most common ones include the following species:",
"Soil is one of the most important ingredients when planting a new banana corm. Bananas thrive in a well mixed soil with plenty of perlite and vermiculite. The soil should be light for good drainage. Heavy soil from the garden or potting mix for regular house plants is too heavy, and it will stunt the growth of a bulb. For even better drainage, 20 percent more perlite can be added to the soil mix.",
"The beginning stages of the banana plant should start in a medium-sized standard container with a drainage hole at the bottom to prevent standing water and assure proper ventilation for the developing roots. Once the corm is planted, it will need a combination of bright light, warmth and high humidity to start sprouting leaves.",
"Plant the rhizome upright leaving the top part uncovered to allow the light exposure. When several new leaves appear, the corm can be completely covered with soil to promote better stability and additional root growth. Replanting to a bigger pot will become necessary when the plant becomes container bound or it will stop bearing fruit.",
"Watering the plant regularly with adequate amounts of water will keep the moisture in the soil and alleviate the possibility of the bulb dying before it begins to grow. A delicate balance has to be kept as under watering can damage the plant the same way as over watering. Because of its massive leaves, the banana plant needs plenty of water, but it should not be exposed to a pool of water in the saucer beneath it as it will lead to the growth of bacteria and plant root rot.",
"The soil should be allowed to dry slightly between watering and watered again as needed. To prevent premature evaporation, the top soil can be covered with a layer of decorative mulch, bark or moss.",
"The banana plant can be watered and fertilized at the same time by mixing liquid fertilizer with proper amounts of water. Following the instructions of the manufacturer typically brings the desired results and prevents an excess of chemicals which can damage the root system.",
"Fertilization should be implemented when the plant is about to reach its maturity. At this time, the growing leaves will need an excessive and constant amount of nutrients to result in fruitful harvest. The easiest sign of a healthy banana plant to recognize is continuous growth of flowers. It unusually means that the plant is ready to produce fruit, and it needs consistent food supply.",
"Southern light exposure is ideal for banana plants. In nature they thrive on indirect sunlight, partially blocked only by surrounding vegetation. Daily, 12-hour exposure combined with warmth is the ultimate goal to bring the banana plant to its optimal health. If that’s not possible, high intensity artificial light of 100 watts will substitute for the natural light.",
"The container should be rotated periodically to ensure that all sides of the plant are evenly exposed. It is also important to keep it in a spot free of drafts and excessive traffic. Banana plants favor calm surroundings free of disturbances and sudden changes of temperatures.",
"The high levels of humidity can be achieved by placing bowls of water around the plant. The vapors from the bowl will create sufficient moisture in the air to keep the plant uniformly humidified. The leaves require constant moistness to keep producing flowers and fruit.",
"As with any natural cycle, the banana plant will periodically lose its leaves. Cutting them off may create fungal infections, and it should be avoided. The plant’s leaves will naturally turn yellow, brown and then dry, shrivel and fall off. This natural process allows the plant to re-absorb the nutrients from the dying leaves and flourish without interruptions.",
"The banana plants are not susceptible to pest invasions and very little maintenance is needed to keep the plant healthy and strong. Keeping it clean will prevent any colonies of mites from forming. Washing the leaves with warm soap and water will keep the leaves shiny and free of dust.",
"Indoor banana plants can be transported outside for the summer months to be exposed to natural sunlight and to strengthen the plant for the winter months it will spend indoors. In order to minimize any disturbance to the tree or the root system, moving platforms should be used when transferring the container to another location. The plant should be moved back indoors when the temperatures outside fall below 67 degrees.",
"The nutritional value of bananas has been recognized for centuries. As they are rich in potassium and magnesium, they greatly benefit both cardiovascular and digestive system enhancing the health of the heart as well as promoting proper metabolism. Bananas lower the blood pressure and reduce the risk of stroke. With their high levels of fiber and pectins, the bananas create positive intestinal flora and help in supporting overall digestive health.",
"Banana trees are beautiful even if they do not produce any fruit. They make wonderful houseplants and bring the tropical feel to any home. Their unusual appearance add a special accent of elegance to any home, and because they are fairly easy to grow, they are also favored by many home gardeners.",
"Growing fruit trees remains the perfect way to get fresh fruit right at your doorstep. There is nothing that is ...",
"There are close to 3,000 different species of bromeliads (bromeliaceae), yet they have many things in common. The majority of ...",
"Daffodils (Narcissus) are the yellow-blooming beauties of spring that will add a bright spot to any home garden. Daffodils are easy ...",
"Plantozoid.com is a participant of the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program – it is designed to provide an aid for the websites in earning an advertisement fee – by means of advertising and linking to Amazon.com products."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Growing bananas indoors - Step by Step Guide\n\n * Home\n * Gardening\n * Reviews\n * Forum\n * Indoor Growing\n * LED Grow Lights Reviews\n * T5 Grow Lights\n * Best Grow Lights\n * Best Grow Tent Reviews\n * Plasma Grow Lights\n\n * ## Gardening Tools Reviews\n\n * Best Pruning Saw Reviews: Hand, Electric or Folding\n * How To Find The Best Patio Heater\n * The Best Fertilizer for Tomatoes\n * Best Chipper Shredder Reviews Guide For 2016\n * Best Leaf Blower Reviews Guide for 2016\n * Best Lawn Mower Reviews Guide For 2016\n * Best Lawn Edger Reviews And Ratings For 2016\n * Best Garden Tiller Reviews Guide For 2016\n * Best Weed Eater Reviews Guide For 2016\n\n * Gardening\n * Reviews\n * Indoor Growing\n * LED Grow Lights\n\nSearch Menu\n\n## Search\n\n## Browse\n\nNews collects all the stories you want to read\n\n * LED Grow Lights\n\n * Indoor Growing\n\n * Gardening\n\n * Reviews\n\n### Editors\n\n * Darko\n\n * Vitaly Deanman\n\n * wpengine\n\n19.1K\n\n# Growing bananas indoors – Step by Step Guide\n\nPosted On March 26, 2015 Darko 0\n\n441\n\nSHARES\n\nShareTweet\n\nIf you ever thought of bringing the tropics indoors, think about growing an\nexotic plant such as banana. It is a simple, yet unusual way of having lush\nfoliage and full supply of delicious fruit year round. Instead of same old\nhouse plants, a banana plant will bring a fresh look into your home and will\nprovide you with a fun and interesting project for the winter.\n\n## Understanding Bananas\n\nBanana 1. Photo by redjar\n\nBananas are perennials and are treated as giant herbs. Contrary to popular\nbelief, their trunks are not wooden. Instead, they are made of layers of\nleaves wrapped around each other to form a trunk. Every banana plant begins as\nan underground bulb from which the true stem grows. The stem develops through\nthe center of the stalk, which than later produces fruit.\n\nEach stalk supplies massive flower cluster which whiter away. In its place\nanother stalk grows. The process keeps repeating itself until the tree\nproduces fruit, typically after one year of cultivating new plant. To\naccelerate the process, fertilizers rich in potassium are recommended.\n\nThe suckers (pups) that grow at the base of the plant can be removed to\npropagate more new plants. After the plants have matured and produced fruit,\nit is important to leave at least one sucker in place as the mother plant will\ndie if all the suckers are removed prematurely.\n\n## What to Buy\n\nBanana 2. Photo by Ian Ransley\n\nMost banana plants come as bulbs or corms, but very few nurseries keep them in\nstack. They can be special ordered or they can be purchased from different\nvendors via online. When the shipment arrives, washing them in lukewarm water\nwill ensure that any fungal deposits, debris and bacteria will be removed\nbefore planting. It will ensure proper potting and establishing the plant into\nits maturity.\n\nWhen selecting your purchase, the height of the plant typically determines the\nchoice. Dwarf banana plants are suitable for apartments or cabins. Giant\nbanana trees may be suitable for large homes with vaulted ceilings as long as\nall requirements, such as warmth, no drafts and plenty of sunlight are met.\n\nIndoor banana trees typically grow anywhere from 3-9 feet and many varieties\nare presently available. Most common ones include the following species:\n\n• Dwarf Cavendish • Super Dwarf Cavendish • Dwarf Lady Finger • Dwarf Jamaican\n• Dwarf Brazilian • William’s Hybrid • Grain Nain • Rajapuri • Musa Basjoo\n(does not produce fruit)\n\n## How to Begin\n\nBanana 3. Photo by Ashley Nadin\n\nSoil is one of the most important ingredients when planting a new banana corm.\nBananas thrive in a well mixed soil with plenty of perlite and vermiculite.\nThe soil should be light for good drainage. Heavy soil from the garden or\npotting mix for regular house plants is too heavy, and it will stunt the\ngrowth of a bulb. For even better drainage, 20 percent more perlite can be\nadded to the soil mix.\n\nThe beginning stages of the banana plant should start in a medium-sized\nstandard container with a drainage hole at the bottom to prevent standing\nwater and assure proper ventilation for the developing roots. Once the corm is\nplanted, it will need a combination of bright light, warmth and high humidity\nto start sprouting leaves.\n\nPlant the rhizome upright leaving the top part uncovered to allow the light\nexposure. When several new leaves appear, the corm can be completely covered\nwith soil to promote better stability and additional root growth. Replanting\nto a bigger pot will become necessary when the plant becomes container bound\nor it will stop bearing fruit.\n\n## Watering\n\nBanana 4. Photo by torbakhopper\n\nWatering the plant regularly with adequate amounts of water will keep the\nmoisture in the soil and alleviate the possibility of the bulb dying before it\nbegins to grow. A delicate balance has to be kept as under watering can damage\nthe plant the same way as over watering. Because of its massive leaves, the\nbanana plant needs plenty of water, but it should not be exposed to a pool of\nwater in the saucer beneath it as it will lead to the growth of bacteria and\nplant root rot.\n\nThe soil should be allowed to dry slightly between watering and watered again\nas needed. To prevent premature evaporation, the top soil can be covered with\na layer of decorative mulch, bark or moss.\n\n## Fertilization\n\nBananas. Photo by Pedro Alonso\n\nThe banana plant can be watered and fertilized at the same time by mixing\nliquid fertilizer with proper amounts of water. Following the instructions of\nthe manufacturer typically brings the desired results and prevents an excess\nof chemicals which can damage the root system.\n\nFertilization should be implemented when the plant is about to reach its\nmaturity. At this time, the growing leaves will need an excessive and constant\namount of nutrients to result in fruitful harvest. The easiest sign of a\nhealthy banana plant to recognize is continuous growth of flowers. It\nunusually means that the plant is ready to produce fruit, and it needs\nconsistent food supply.\n\n## Humidity and Light\n\nDark Banana. Photo by robin_24\n\nSouthern light exposure is ideal for banana plants. In nature they thrive on\nindirect sunlight, partially blocked only by surrounding vegetation. Daily,\n12-hour exposure combined with warmth is the ultimate goal to bring the banana\nplant to its optimal health. If that’s not possible, high intensity artificial\nlight of 100 watts will substitute for the natural light.\n\nThe container should be rotated periodically to ensure that all sides of the\nplant are evenly exposed. It is also important to keep it in a spot free of\ndrafts and excessive traffic. Banana plants favor calm surroundings free of\ndisturbances and sudden changes of temperatures.\n\nThe high levels of humidity can be achieved by placing bowls of water around\nthe plant. The vapors from the bowl will create sufficient moisture in the air\nto keep the plant uniformly humidified. The leaves require constant moistness\nto keep producing flowers and fruit.\n\n## Maintenance\n\nDirty Window Banana Bokeh. Photo by stephanie carter\n\nAs with any natural cycle, the banana plant will periodically lose its leaves.\nCutting them off may create fungal infections, and it should be avoided. The\nplant’s leaves will naturally turn yellow, brown and then dry, shrivel and\nfall off. This natural process allows the plant to re-absorb the nutrients\nfrom the dying leaves and flourish without interruptions.\n\nThe banana plants are not susceptible to pest invasions and very little\nmaintenance is needed to keep the plant healthy and strong. Keeping it clean\nwill prevent any colonies of mites from forming. Washing the leaves with warm\nsoap and water will keep the leaves shiny and free of dust.\n\nIndoor banana plants can be transported outside for the summer months to be\nexposed to natural sunlight and to strengthen the plant for the winter months\nit will spend indoors. In order to minimize any disturbance to the tree or the\nroot system, moving platforms should be used when transferring the container\nto another location. The plant should be moved back indoors when the\ntemperatures outside fall below 67 degrees.\n\n## Benefits of Bananas\n\nBanana 6. Photo by Wilson Hui\n\nThe nutritional value of bananas has been recognized for centuries. As they\nare rich in potassium and magnesium, they greatly benefit both cardiovascular\nand digestive system enhancing the health of the heart as well as promoting\nproper metabolism. Bananas lower the blood pressure and reduce the risk of\nstroke. With their high levels of fiber and pectins, the bananas create\npositive intestinal flora and help in supporting overall digestive health.\n\nBanana trees are beautiful even if they do not produce any fruit. They make\nwonderful houseplants and bring the tropical feel to any home. Their unusual\nappearance add a special accent of elegance to any home, and because they are\nfairly easy to grow, they are also favored by many home gardeners.\n\nPost Views: 19,084\n\n##### More from Gardening\n\n90.6K\n\n##### Best Fruit Trees and Nuts to Grow in Zone 5 Through Zone 9\n\nPosted On January 1, 1970 Vitaly Deanman 0\n\nGrowing fruit trees remains the perfect way to get fresh fruit right at your\ndoorstep. There is nothing that is ...\n\n12.4K\n\n##### Everything You Should Know About Bromeliads\n\nPosted On January 1, 1970 Vitaly Deanman 0\n\nThere are close to 3,000 different species of bromeliads (bromeliaceae), yet\nthey have many things in common. The majority of ...\n\n9.4K\n\n##### Ways of Growing Daffodils in Your Garden\n\nPosted On January 1, 1970 Vitaly Deanman 0\n\nDaffodils (Narcissus) are the yellow-blooming beauties of spring that will add\na bright spot to any home garden. Daffodils are easy ...\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n * ## Popular Posts\n\n * 1\n\nHow to Grow and Care for Elephant Ear Plants: Ten Top Tips\n\nJanuary 1, 1970\n\n * 2\n\nLED VS HPS Grow Lights\n\nJanuary 1, 1970\n\n * 3\n\nT5 Grow Lights\n\nJanuary 1, 1970\n\n * ## Recent Posts\n\n * Best Fruit Trees and Nuts to Grow in Zone 5 Through...\n\nJanuary 1, 1970\n\n * Everything You Should Know About Bromeliads\n\nJanuary 1, 1970\n\n * Ways of Growing Daffodils in Your Garden\n\nJanuary 1, 1970\n\n * Plantozoid.com is a participant of the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program – it is designed to provide an aid for the websites in earning an advertisement fee – by means of advertising and linking to Amazon.com products.\n\n*Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc. or its affiliates.\n\n© Copyright Plantozoid 2017. All Rights Reserved.\n\n## Share\n\nShare stories you like to your friends\n\n7ads6x98y\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.logees.com/growingandfruitingbananas",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200422050111/https://www.logees.com/growingandfruitingbananas",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Growing and Fruiting Bananas",
"passages": [
"Whether the banana is a dwarf banana, a tall banana, a red banana or a variegated banana, in the genus Musa the basic cultural needs are the same and growing your own bananas is an exciting and rewarding process, especially when you harvest your first delicious homegrown fruit.",
"Bananas are really bulbs much like a daffodil. The vegetative part is made up of leaf petioles tightly stacked together to form a trunk or pseudostem. Like all flowering bulbs, the bud itself is under the soil and as the cycle of flowering approaches the bud emerges from the bulb or the base of the plant and rises up through the trunk or pseudostem to emerge at the top and create a flower or inflorescence and in time bananas.",
"When you grow bananas for fruit, the environment has to be ideal many months before the bud is visible, therefore, a young plant must have optimum conditions for successful flowering and fruiting. Also, pay attention to the variety of banana for some bananas are more tolerant of less than optimal conditions.",
"In the optimum environment, when all four of the above ingredients are given in abundance, the banana plant will thrive and reward the gardener with lush growth and fruit. However, if any of these ingredients are missing, the banana will still grow just at a slower rate. Most bananas can take lower light and cooler temperatures as well as reduced fertilizer without stopping the flowering process; it just slows it down and can reduce the amount of bananas produced.",
"Container grown bananas can be wintered over in a sunroom, an above freezing garage or cellar. Banana plants grown in a garden can be dug and lifted out of the ground before winter and stored in an above freezing area. The plant will have yellow leaves but the trunk and some of the roots will be alive waiting for the next growing season. This is one way to grow bananas in the north. This method also helps to contain their size so they are manageable.",
"Bananas can be classified into two groups: the ornamental variety is grown for its foliage and flowers, and the fruiting variety is grown for its edible fruit as well as its tropical foliage.",
"Getting bananas to flower and fruit does take time depending on location. In tropical areas, it often takes a year or more for the young shoot to develop into a tree and produce fruit. In the north that same plant could take 2-3 years due to the disruption of winter with shorter day length and cooler temperatures. Once the flower and fruiting stalk appears, allow the green bananas to fully develop and fill out. This usually takes 3-4 months. Then the entire fruiting stalk is cut off the plant and may be hung upside down in a cool, shady location to fully ripen and turn yellow. Bananas ripen quickly usually within a week or two at the most.",
"Varieties range from a few feet to up to 20' tall and the flowering cycle is also variety dependent. The variety 'Viente Cohol' is one of the fastest fruiting varieties or short cycle bananas that can fruit within a year, even in the north. In contrast, the 'Dwarf Red' can take three or more years to fruit under the same conditions in northern growing conditions.",
"Another characteristic is the production of offshoots from the main bulb. This is one way that bananas reproduce and the gardener can take advantage of this for propagation. When a banana goes through the flowering and fruiting cycle, the main plant will die and it's the offshoots that take over, starting another new plant.",
"Generally, the old trunk is cut off and the plants can be divided if more are desired. As a rule of thumb for bananas grown in the ground, three offshoots are allowed to grow once the main trunk is removed. Remember it is important to give the young plants plenty of light, water and fertilizer so the flowering and fruiting potential will be maximized. Developing offshoots that are growing in low light and are given little fertilizer, generally won't reach their full yielding potential when in fruit or flower. For bananas grown in pots, this is often seen with fewer bananas on the flower stem.",
"When temperatures are warm and bananas are in their active growth stages, they are heavy feeders requiring a nutrient rich soil. This can be accomplished in pots by adding small amounts of a soluble fertilizer to the water or topdressing with a slow release or granular fertilizer. Any balanced fertilizer, where the NPK numbers are close to even, will work, but banana plants can be supplemented with additional potassium and magnesium for best growth and fruiting. When grown in the garden, the same is true with a feeding routine using a granular organic fertilizer sprinkled around the base of the plant several times during the summer. As with all plants, feeding can be over done so it's better to apply smaller amounts more often.",
"Water is also necessary in copious amounts as long as the soil or potting mix is well drained. In the garden with heavy clay soil or in high rainfall areas, less is needed but it is much like the watering done in any food-producing garden. Drought slows down the growth. When grown in pots in the summer, attention needs to be given daily to the plant's water needs. Many varieties are large growers and once they have filled out the largest container that the gardener can handle, then the fertilizer and watering requirements must be done with greater accuracy.",
"Bananas come in many sizes from 3' to 20' tall and the size of the container needs to be proportioned to the final size of the banana. Depending on how big a pot you want to handle, bananas can be grown anywhere from a 5-gallon container to a 25-gallon container or even bigger. With regards to pot size, a smaller pot will restrict growth and this also means that the final fruit count will be smaller.",
"The height of a banana is measured from the soil up to where the leaves are emerging from the pseudostem. So for example a 5' banana would have a 5' trunk plus the height of the leaves which could be another 4' so for height purposes that 5' banana will grow to 9' tall at maturity.",
"When grown outside of their gardening zone, bananas can get very large during the summer and when brought inside there is often a problem of fitting them into their winter space. One option is to cut the pseudostem back to a manageable height. This removes the leaves as well as part of the trunk. As all the leaves are coming from the bulb in the soil, the plant will, in no time, replace the leaves and continue to grow, providing there is light and warmth. It also can shorten the height of the plant to some degree. The only down side to this procedure is that if the plant was in the midst of flowering and the flower stem was rising up through the center of the trunk, the fruit and flower would be lost. Generally, it best to do this on a plant that's a year old or less."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Growing and Fruiting Bananas\n\nHome\n\n * My Account\n * My Wishlist\n * My Cart\n * Checkout\n * Log In\n\n * My Account\n * My Wishlist\n * My Cart\n * Checkout\n * Log In\n\nFruiting, Rare & Tropical Plants\n\n### Cart:\n\n0 item(s) - $0.00\n\nYou have no items in your shopping cart.\n\n0\n\nLogee's Greenhouses\n\nCall 860-774-8038\n\n * New\n\n * New for 2020\n * Rare\n\n * Rare\n * Fragrant\n\n * Fragrant\n * Fruits\n\n * Tropical\n * Hardy\n * Container\n * Indoor\n\n * Windowsill\n * Tropicals\n * Houseplants\n * Succulents\n * Begonias\n\n * Fibrous\n * Rex\n * Rhizomatous\n * Species\n * Semi-tuberous\n * Orchids\n\n * Orchids\n * Orchid Accessories\n * Indestructible\n\n * Indestructible\n * Cacti & Succulents\n * Garden\n\n * Patio, Sunroom and Garden\n * Vines\n * Tropicals for the Summer Garden\n * Geraniums\n * Hardy Plants\n * Pollinator Plants\n * Accessories\n\n * Plant Care\n * Books\n * Gifts\n\n * Gift Certificates\n * Gift Plants\n * Gifts\n * Exclusives\n\n * Web Exclusives\n * Logee's Hybrids\n * Specials\n\n * Web Specials\n\nCategories\n\n * New Plants for 2020\n * Rare & Unusual Tropical Plants\n * Fragrant Plants\n * Fruiting Plants\n * Indoor Plants\n * Begonias\n * Orchids\n * Indestructible\n * Garden\n * Accessories\n * Gifts\n * Exclusives\n * Specials\n * Holiday\n\nCommon Name: A • B • C • D • E • F • G • H • I • J • K • L • M • N • O • P • Q\n• R • S • T • U • V • W • X • Y • Z Browse By: Botanical Name | Bloom Season |\nSun Requirement | Hardiness Zone | Plant Type Click Here to View All Products\n\nCommon Name | Botanical Name | Bloom Season | Sun Requirement | Hardiness Zone\n| Plant Type | View All\n\nCommon Name | Botanical Name | Bloom Season Sun Requirement | Hardiness Zone |\nPlant Type\n\n * Home >\n * Growing and Fruiting Bananas\n\nGrowing and Fruiting Bananas\n\nBy Laurelynn Martin and Byron Martin\n\nBanana 'Super Dwarf Cavendish' \n \n--- \n \nBanana 'Dwarf Red' \n \nBanana 'Double Mahoi' \n \nFlowers beginning to emerge \n \nYoung bananas are forming \n \nBanana 'Dwarf Lady Finger' \n \nWhether the banana is a dwarf banana, a tall banana, a red banana or a\nvariegated banana, in the genus Musa the basic cultural needs are the same and\ngrowing your own bananas is an exciting and rewarding process, especially when\nyou harvest your first delicious homegrown fruit.\n\nPlant Structure\n\nBananas are really bulbs much like a daffodil. The vegetative part is made up\nof leaf petioles tightly stacked together to form a trunk or pseudostem. Like\nall flowering bulbs, the bud itself is under the soil and as the cycle of\nflowering approaches the bud emerges from the bulb or the base of the plant\nand rises up through the trunk or pseudostem to emerge at the top and create a\nflower or inflorescence and in time bananas.\n\nThe Secret to Flowering or Fruiting a Banana\n\nWhen you grow bananas for fruit, the environment has to be ideal many months\nbefore the bud is visible, therefore, a young plant must have optimum\nconditions for successful flowering and fruiting. Also, pay attention to the\nvariety of banana for some bananas are more tolerant of less than optimal\nconditions.\n\nOptimal Conditions- Four Important Ingredients\n\n * Full Sun\n * Warmth\n * Fertilizer\n * Water\n\nIn the optimum environment, when all four of the above ingredients are given\nin abundance, the banana plant will thrive and reward the gardener with lush\ngrowth and fruit. However, if any of these ingredients are missing, the banana\nwill still grow just at a slower rate. Most bananas can take lower light and\ncooler temperatures as well as reduced fertilizer without stopping the\nflowering process; it just slows it down and can reduce the amount of bananas\nproduced.\n\nContainer Grown Bananas\n\nContainer grown bananas can be wintered over in a sunroom, an above freezing\ngarage or cellar. Banana plants grown in a garden can be dug and lifted out of\nthe ground before winter and stored in an above freezing area. The plant will\nhave yellow leaves but the trunk and some of the roots will be alive waiting\nfor the next growing season. This is one way to grow bananas in the north.\nThis method also helps to contain their size so they are manageable.\n\nTwo Groups of Bananas\n\nBananas can be classified into two groups: the ornamental variety is grown for\nits foliage and flowers, and the fruiting variety is grown for its edible\nfruit as well as its tropical foliage.\n\nFactors for Flowering and Fruiting\n\nGetting bananas to flower and fruit does take time depending on location. In\ntropical areas, it often takes a year or more for the young shoot to develop\ninto a tree and produce fruit. In the north that same plant could take 2-3\nyears due to the disruption of winter with shorter day length and cooler\ntemperatures. Once the flower and fruiting stalk appears, allow the green\nbananas to fully develop and fill out. This usually takes 3-4 months. Then the\nentire fruiting stalk is cut off the plant and may be hung upside down in a\ncool, shady location to fully ripen and turn yellow. Bananas ripen quickly\nusually within a week or two at the most.\n\nVariety Matters for Production\n\nVarieties range from a few feet to up to 20' tall and the flowering cycle is\nalso variety dependent. The variety 'Viente Cohol' is one of the fastest\nfruiting varieties or short cycle bananas that can fruit within a year, even\nin the north. In contrast, the 'Dwarf Red' can take three or more years to\nfruit under the same conditions in northern growing conditions.\n\nOffshoots- Remove or Keep?\n\nAnother characteristic is the production of offshoots from the main bulb. This\nis one way that bananas reproduce and the gardener can take advantage of this\nfor propagation. When a banana goes through the flowering and fruiting cycle,\nthe main plant will die and it's the offshoots that take over, starting\nanother new plant.\n\nGenerally, the old trunk is cut off and the plants can be divided if more are\ndesired. As a rule of thumb for bananas grown in the ground, three offshoots\nare allowed to grow once the main trunk is removed. Remember it is important\nto give the young plants plenty of light, water and fertilizer so the\nflowering and fruiting potential will be maximized. Developing offshoots that\nare growing in low light and are given little fertilizer, generally won't\nreach their full yielding potential when in fruit or flower. For bananas grown\nin pots, this is often seen with fewer bananas on the flower stem.\n\nTemperatures and Fertilizer\n\nWhen temperatures are warm and bananas are in their active growth stages, they\nare heavy feeders requiring a nutrient rich soil. This can be accomplished in\npots by adding small amounts of a soluble fertilizer to the water or\ntopdressing with a slow release or granular fertilizer. Any balanced\nfertilizer, where the NPK numbers are close to even, will work, but banana\nplants can be supplemented with additional potassium and magnesium for best\ngrowth and fruiting. When grown in the garden, the same is true with a feeding\nroutine using a granular organic fertilizer sprinkled around the base of the\nplant several times during the summer. As with all plants, feeding can be over\ndone so it's better to apply smaller amounts more often.\n\nWater\n\nWater is also necessary in copious amounts as long as the soil or potting mix\nis well drained. In the garden with heavy clay soil or in high rainfall areas,\nless is needed but it is much like the watering done in any food-producing\ngarden. Drought slows down the growth. When grown in pots in the summer,\nattention needs to be given daily to the plant's water needs. Many varieties\nare large growers and once they have filled out the largest container that the\ngardener can handle, then the fertilizer and watering requirements must be\ndone with greater accuracy.\n\nPot Size\n\nBananas come in many sizes from 3' to 20' tall and the size of the container\nneeds to be proportioned to the final size of the banana. Depending on how big\na pot you want to handle, bananas can be grown anywhere from a 5-gallon\ncontainer to a 25-gallon container or even bigger. With regards to pot size, a\nsmaller pot will restrict growth and this also means that the final fruit\ncount will be smaller.\n\nHow to Measure Height\n\nThe height of a banana is measured from the soil up to where the leaves are\nemerging from the pseudostem. So for example a 5' banana would have a 5' trunk\nplus the height of the leaves which could be another 4' so for height purposes\nthat 5' banana will grow to 9' tall at maturity.\n\nHow to Manage Height\n\nWhen grown outside of their gardening zone, bananas can get very large during\nthe summer and when brought inside there is often a problem of fitting them\ninto their winter space. One option is to cut the pseudostem back to a\nmanageable height. This removes the leaves as well as part of the trunk. As\nall the leaves are coming from the bulb in the soil, the plant will, in no\ntime, replace the leaves and continue to grow, providing there is light and\nwarmth. It also can shorten the height of the plant to some degree. The only\ndown side to this procedure is that if the plant was in the midst of flowering\nand the flower stem was rising up through the center of the trunk, the fruit\nand flower would be lost. Generally, it best to do this on a plant that's a\nyear old or less.\n\nClick here to see our Banana plants\n\nDownload PDF care sheet\n\n#### About Us\n\n * Contact Us\n * Logee's History\n * Logee's Staff\n * Retail Store\n * Employment\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n\n#### Ordering Info\n\n * Curbside Pick-Up\n * What You Will Receive\n * Shipping Charges\n * Sales Tax\n * Hold Order\n * Printable Order Form\n * Caring For Dormant Plants\n * FAQ\n * Guarantee\n\n#### Your Zone\n\n * Your Hardiness Zone\n * Plants By:\n * Hardiness Zone\n * Sun Requirement\n * Bloom Season\n\n#### Gardening Info\n\n * Care Directory\n * Videos\n * Plant Care\n * Articles\n * Tips\n * Explore Logees\n\n#### Contact Info\n\n141 North Street Danielson, CT 06239\n\n(860) 774-8038 Call Center hours: Monday-Friday 9am-5pm EST\n\nRetail Walk-in Store **Curbside Pick-Up Only** Click to learn more about pick-\nup\n\nClick here for holiday closings & specific hours each month.\n\n[email protected]\n\n## Follow us\n\n#### Sign up for Email Specials \n \n--- \nFeaturing special offers, promotions, tips for more successful growing and\npreviews of new plant introductions. \n \n© 2020 Logee's Greenhouses, Ltd.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.fast-growing-trees.com:80/blog/winterizing-banana-trees-the-quick-guide/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170520163505/http://www.fast-growing-trees.com:80/blog/winterizing-banana-trees-the-quick-guide/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Winterizing Banana Trees: The Quick Guide",
"passages": [
"Banana trees have big lush leaves that provide gardens with a rich tropical look. The jungle-like appearance often has people thinking that these exotic trees will only grow in areas like the amazon. However, banana trees can easily be grown in different climates all over the world. With a few simple steps to winterize your banana trees you will have healthy tropical trees in your landscape throughout the warmer months for decades.",
"Keep in mind – While some cold hardy banana trees can survive temperatures up in zone 5, most tropical varieties are only cold hardy to zones 8 and 9.",
"Keep your Banana trees in containers. If planted in a container, you can easily bring your banana trees inside for the winter. Bring them in before temperatures drop to about 50 degrees and place them by a sunny window.",
"If you wait until the first frost before bringing your tree indoors remove all of its leaves. Once the leaves have come into contact with frost they can easily become infected and die. Removing the leaves will help stop infections from spreading to the rest of the tree. Don’t worry about cutting the leaves, banana trees are vigorous growers and you will see new huge leaves again in about a month.",
"You can carefully dig up the root system from the ground and transfer your tree to a container once the weather starts to turn cold. Bring your potted banana trees indoors for the winter months and plant it in the ground again once temperatures consistently stay around 60 degrees.",
"To keep banana trees dormant in the winter cut them back to about 12′′ tall and allow them to weep and water will drain from the stalk. Then carefully dig up the plant and gently remove as much dirt from the roots as possible. If you see any baby plants, separate them because you can plant them in the spring. Lay your plants on their sides for a few days, so they can dry. Next, store your plants in a cool dark place like a garage or attic, with a temperature around 50 degrees. Make sure that the storage area never has freezing temperatures. Once the final frost passes and temperatures warm up in he spring replant your banana trees in the garden.",
"There are a few effortless steps to take if you want to keep your banana trees outside all year. First, cut your tree back to about 12 inches tall after the first frost. Use a sharp and sterile pair of pruners or loppers and cut the stalk at a 45 degree angle facing upwards to promote new growth. This will also allow the plant to weep, so the moisture inside can poor out.",
"Banana trees will stop growing when temperatures hit 50 degrees. They will enter a state of dormancy and won’t need fertilizer or water until the spring.",
"Then cover your tree with a thick layer of mulch that’s about a foot deep. This mulch will insulate the roots. It’s very important to keep the roots warm during the winter, but it is also important to keep them dry because banana trees are very susceptible to root rot during the colder months. Keeping them dry can be achieved by placing a layer of plastic over the mulch. This won’t cause the tree to suffocate. Secure the plastic by placing rocks on the corners or by placing another layer of mulch on top.",
"Spreading other organic materials like peat moss or pine straw will also keep your tree insulated. You can even cover your tree with a barrel or another object that will shield it from harsh winter weather as long as the roots stay warm and dry.",
"After the final frost uncover your tree. Once the roots sense warmer temperatures your banana trees will spring back to life. Banana trees have a rapid growth rate and will grow to their mature size in the blink of an eye. To give your tree a boost feed it some organic, well balanced fertilizer like formula 10-10-10 or 12-12-12.",
"Bonus Tip: Once your banana tree blossoms and produces fruit it will die back and new baby banana trees will grow in it’s place. To prevent your mature tree from dying back remove the flower before it blooms.",
"Banana trees will add a tropical look to your landscape with their large inviting leaves. They’re the perfect addition for the patio or poolside. Not only do they look like flawless amazon beauties, but they produce fresh sweet bananas that are even tastier than bananas commonly found in the supermarket. Don’t let old man winter stop you from growing your own banana trees, by taking a few simple steps to keep them warm and dry they will flourish for years."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Winterizing Banana Trees: The Quick Guide | Fast-growing-Trees.com\n\n * Blog Home\n * Buying Guides\n\n * Apple Trees: Buying Guide\n * Evergreen Tree: Buying Guide\n * Flowering Trees: How To Choose\n * Privacy Trees: Everything you Ever Wanted to Know\n * Shop Now!\n\nFast-growing-Trees.com\n\n * Blog Home\n * Buying Guides\n\n * Apple Trees: Buying Guide\n * Evergreen Tree: Buying Guide\n * Flowering Trees: How To Choose\n * Privacy Trees: Everything you Ever Wanted to Know\n * Shop Now!\n\nHome Eco Friendly\n\nWinterizing Banana Trees: The Quick Guide\n\n * Eco Friendly\n * Fruit Trees\n * Indoor Plants\n * Winterizing trees\n\n# Winterizing Banana Trees: The Quick Guide\n\nBy\n\nPam\n\n-\n\nSeptember 16, 2015\n\n0\n\n217\n\nBanana trees have big lush leaves that provide gardens with a rich tropical\nlook. The jungle-like appearance often has people thinking that these exotic\ntrees will only grow in areas like the amazon. However, banana trees can\neasily be grown in different climates all over the world. With a few simple\nsteps to winterize your banana trees you will have healthy tropical trees in\nyour landscape throughout the warmer months for decades.\n\n## In a container:\n\nKeep in mind – While some cold hardy banana trees can survive temperatures up\nin zone 5, most tropical varieties are only cold hardy to zones 8 and 9.\n\nKeep your Banana trees in containers. If planted in a container, you can\neasily bring your banana trees inside for the winter. Bring them in before\ntemperatures drop to about 50 degrees and place them by a sunny window.\n\nIf you wait until the first frost before bringing your tree indoors remove all\nof its leaves. Once the leaves have come into contact with frost they can\neasily become infected and die. Removing the leaves will help stop infections\nfrom spreading to the rest of the tree. Don’t worry about cutting the leaves,\nbanana trees are vigorous growers and you will see new huge leaves again in\nabout a month.\n\nYou can carefully dig up the root system from the ground and transfer your\ntree to a container once the weather starts to turn cold. Bring your potted\nbanana trees indoors for the winter months and plant it in the ground again\nonce temperatures consistently stay around 60 degrees.\n\nTo keep banana trees dormant in the winter cut them back to about 12′′ tall\nand allow them to weep and water will drain from the stalk. Then carefully dig\nup the plant and gently remove as much dirt from the roots as possible. If you\nsee any baby plants, separate them because you can plant them in the spring.\nLay your plants on their sides for a few days, so they can dry. Next, store\nyour plants in a cool dark place like a garage or attic, with a temperature\naround 50 degrees. Make sure that the storage area never has freezing\ntemperatures. Once the final frost passes and temperatures warm up in he\nspring replant your banana trees in the garden.\n\n## In The Ground:\n\nThere are a few effortless steps to take if you want to keep your banana trees\noutside all year. First, cut your tree back to about 12 inches tall after the\nfirst frost. Use a sharp and sterile pair of pruners or loppers and cut the\nstalk at a 45 degree angle facing upwards to promote new growth. This will\nalso allow the plant to weep, so the moisture inside can poor out.\n\nBanana trees will stop growing when temperatures hit 50 degrees. They will\nenter a state of dormancy and won’t need fertilizer or water until the spring.\n\nThen cover your tree with a thick layer of mulch that’s about a foot deep.\nThis mulch will insulate the roots. It’s very important to keep the roots warm\nduring the winter, but it is also important to keep them dry because banana\ntrees are very susceptible to root rot during the colder months. Keeping them\ndry can be achieved by placing a layer of plastic over the mulch. This won’t\ncause the tree to suffocate. Secure the plastic by placing rocks on the\ncorners or by placing another layer of mulch on top.\n\nSpreading other organic materials like peat moss or pine straw will also keep\nyour tree insulated. You can even cover your tree with a barrel or another\nobject that will shield it from harsh winter weather as long as the roots stay\nwarm and dry.\n\nAfter the final frost uncover your tree. Once the roots sense warmer\ntemperatures your banana trees will spring back to life. Banana trees have a\nrapid growth rate and will grow to their mature size in the blink of an eye.\nTo give your tree a boost feed it some organic, well balanced fertilizer like\nformula 10-10-10 or 12-12-12.\n\nBonus Tip: Once your banana tree blossoms and produces fruit it will die back\nand new baby banana trees will grow in it’s place. To prevent your mature tree\nfrom dying back remove the flower before it blooms.\n\n## Go bananas, even in the winter!\n\nBanana trees will add a tropical look to your landscape with their large\ninviting leaves. They’re the perfect addition for the patio or poolside. Not\nonly do they look like flawless amazon beauties, but they produce fresh sweet\nbananas that are even tastier than bananas commonly found in the supermarket.\nDon’t let old man winter stop you from growing your own banana trees, by\ntaking a few simple steps to keep them warm and dry they will flourish for\nyears.\n\nSHARE\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\n * tweet\n\nPrevious articleThese Reasons to Grow Lime Trees are Fool Proof\n\nNext articleSpace Saving Fall Color\n\nPam\n\n#### RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR\n\n### 5 Easy-to-Grow Fruits that will Save You Money!\n\n### The Complete Hydrangea Guide for Months of Blooms\n\n### The All Inclusive Guide To Blooming Azaleas\n\n#### Newest Posts\n\n * Brightest Colored Trees for Spring April 19, 2017\n * 5 Easy-to-Grow Fruits that will Save You Money! April 11, 2017\n * The Complete Hydrangea Guide for Months of Blooms June 29, 2016\n * These Drought Tolerant Plants Beat the Heat June 15, 2016\n * The All Inclusive Guide To Blooming Azaleas June 1, 2016\n\n#### Recent Comments\n\n * Linda Bromley on Meyer Lemon Trees: 7 Secrets for Loads of Fruit\n * Dulcie Cattrell on Emeralds Vs Green Giants: Dueling Thujas Competing For Your Garden\n * Amanda on No, Our Royal Empress Trees Aren’t Invasive, Here’s Why\n * Brent Swapp on No, Our Royal Empress Trees Aren’t Invasive, Here’s Why\n * Amanda on No, Our Royal Empress Trees Aren’t Invasive, Here’s Why\n\n#### Topics\n\n * Apples7\n * Avocados7\n * Container Gardening1\n * Eco Friendly26\n * Edible Gardening1\n * Fall19\n * Fall planting14\n * Fertilizer10\n * Flowering Trees32\n * Fruit Trees41\n * Gifts7\n * Health21\n * How to plant19\n * Indoor Plants48\n * Plant zones5\n * Privacy Trees29\n * Pruning13\n * Roses7\n * Shrubs30\n * Spring21\n * Thank You1\n * Uncategorized6\n * Winterizing trees10\n\n#### Follow us on Instagram @fastgrowingtrees\n\n#### POPULAR POSTS\n\n### Dogwood Trees: History, Facts, and Growing Tips\n\nApril 15, 2015\n\n### Meyer Lemon Trees: 7 Secrets for Loads of Fruit\n\nMarch 4, 2015\n\n### Privacy Trees: These 4 Grow the Fastest\n\nApril 1, 2015\n\n#### POPULAR CATEGORY\n\n * Indoor Plants48\n * Fruit Trees41\n * Flowering Trees32\n * Shrubs30\n * Privacy Trees29\n * Eco Friendly26\n * Health21\n * Spring21\n * Fall19\n\n© Copyright 2005-2017 Fast Growing Trees Nursery | 2621 Old Nation Rd. Fort\nMill, SC 29715\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200921063937/https://www.rhs.org.uk/advice/profile?pid=311",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "RHS Gardening",
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},
"parsed_md": "Bananas / RHS Gardening\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.weekendgardener.net/fruit/grow-bananas-indoors-011001.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190315221702/http://www.weekendgardener.net/fruit/grow-bananas-indoors-011001.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Growing Bananas Indoors",
"passages": [
"So often during the cold winter months people get tired of growing the same old \"house plants\" and want to try something more tropical, exotic, or unusual.",
"If you're one of those people, a great plant to try is a dwarf banana plant because it's fairly exotic, very tropical, and yet so simple to grow indoors.",
"Bananas truly bring a tropical feel to your home, because their foliage gets lush and full, they supply fresh fruit, and they really look like something straight out of Hawaii.",
"In addition to bringing a fresh look to your house, they do well with minimum maintenance, are self-fruitful, so they don't need a pollinator, and all banana varieties do well indoors. Basically, there is no reason not to try a banana if you really want a fun project this winter.",
"I think after reading this you'll be able to forget about the cold temperatures outdoors for a little while, because once you see how easy it is to grow bananas indoors, you'll be excited to bring something very summer-like into your home right now.",
"Bananas (Musa spp.), are herbaceous perennials, almost like a giant herb, and must be treated as such. Their \"trunks\" are not made of wood, but of leaf bases wrapped tightly around each other to form a tube.",
"The true stem begins as an underground corm which grows upwards, pushing its way out through the center of the stalk which will later bear the fruit. Each stalk produces one huge flower cluster and then dies. New stalks then grow from the rhizome.",
"Since bananas multiply by underground rhizomes, each new stalk will produce one large flower cluster and fruit. The stalk on the new dwarf and super dwarf varieties that are mentioned below, grow and produce fruit within 1 year.",
"The larger banana varieties can take 9 months to grow and another four to eight months for the fruit to mature. Fertilizers rich in potassium, however, do help speed up the fruiting process.",
"The suckers, called \"pups\" that regularly come up from the base of the mother plant can be removed to start a new banana plant.",
"But make sure that after a stalk has fruited, allow one replacement sucker to grow in its place, because the main stalk will die after its fruit has matured.",
"Bananas , like any tropical plant, need a combination of warmth, bright light, and high humidity; conditions that most homes already can provide. They will however, need these basic requirements year-round, not just when it's warm and sunny outside.",
"Most nurseries don't carry bananas but most will special order them for you, or you can order them via direct mail catalog or on the internet.",
"Mail order bananas usually come in the form of a corm. After receiving the corm, wash it in lukewarm water to remove any fungal or bacterial growth, which may have developed during shipping.",
"The first priority to consider when growing a banana is to use the proper soil. It is very important to use a light, well draining soil mixture that has lots of peat, perlite and vermiculite in the mix, and then to make sure you have really good drainage, add 20 percent more perlite to the mix.",
"Don't use heavy soils when growing bananas such as heavy potting soil, or soil from a yard. Bananas like an acidic growing mix with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5.",
"Grow bananas in a container that is not too large. It should be a standard 6 inch (15 cm) or 8 inch (20 cm) pot with a drainage hole. Never plant it in a container without a drainage hole. You can always transplant to a larger container when your plant is quite crowded.",
"The container you choose should be fairly deep and broad to allow a minimum of 3 inches (7.5 cm) on both sides between the corm and the inside of the container.",
"Plant the banana corm (rhizome) upright and be sure the roots are well covered, but don't cover the corm entirely. The top 20 percent of the corm should remain exposed until the new plant has produced several new leaves.",
"Remember this when potting, and leave enough room to later cover the corm completely. Burying the corm after a few leaves have been produced, promotes additional roots and better stability.",
"Bananas will stop growing even if fed, when they become even marginally pot bound, so you may need to transplant to a larger container in time.",
"Bananas like lots of water because of their enormous leaves, but it is just as important not to overwater as to underwater.",
"As with any houseplant, water when needed and keep the soil evenly moist. To help with this, you can cover the soil with a layer of decorative bark or other organic material to act as a mulch.",
"Allow the soil to dry slightly between waterings, about when the soil is dry to a 1/2 inch (1.25 cm) in depth. Use your fingers to feel the soil. You'll be able to tell quite easily.",
"NOTE: Please do not expect this to be a plant that you \"water once a week.\" If you water once a week without allowing the plant to dry out a bit in between waterings, it is unlikely that you will have success growing this plant!",
"Fertilize at least once month, especially when the plant approaches maturity and starts to produce fruit. If there are fewer than 10-12 leaves when the plant gets ready to flower, the fruit will take longer to reach full size and ripen. Insufficient leaves are usually a sign that the plant needs more nitrogen and water.",
"If your plant is producing one flower after another, it's doing really well, but it will need a consistent supply of nutrients in the form of fertilizer to keep up with its nutritional needs at this time.",
"TIP: You can water and fertilize bananas at the same time using any type of good balanced fertilizer, like a 5-5-5, or 10-10-10. It is possible to over feed however, which causes the leaves to deform; therefore, if you are going to feed with your water, use the fertilizer at half strength.",
"Bananas, being tropical plants, like lots of bright, indirect light, so a good southern exposure would be ideal. Provide maximum sunlight and warmth, with 12 hours of bright light being ideal for most varieties.",
"If the area where you want to place your banana is a bit on the dark side, using a high-intensity light of 100 watts or higher or a Gro Light will be very helpful.",
"Remember to turn your plant periodically to make sure all sides of the tree receive light, and keep it out of drafts.",
"Growing bananas in constant warmth is very important - the ideal night temperature would be 67° F (19° C). The day temperatures would be in the 80s°F (27° C).",
"Grow bananas with high humidity by placing bowls of water around the plants to evaporate and create a higher humidity level around them. You want 50 percent higher humidity around the plants than normal household humidity levels which can be on the dry side.",
"Try to tolerate spent leaves (versus cutting them off) as they turn from green to yellow to brown then shrivel (normal cycle). This allows your plant to re- absorb the leaf nutrients.",
"When the suckers or \"pups\" start to form, allow at least 4 leaves to develop before attempting to remove it from the mother plant. Once cut, remove the pup with as much root as possible and pot up in a new container.",
"You will want to wash your stem and leaves from time to time to keep them dust free, and this also gives you the benefit of keeping any bugs away (like mites). Use mild dish soap with lots of water and a sponge. Be sure to clean the bottom sides of the leaves as well.",
"Since there are relatively few insect problems with indoor bananas, they can be organically grown, a point that a lot of people like when dealing with edible plants.",
"When selecting banana cultivars, you need only be limited by the height of your ceiling and available space. The most important thing to take into consideration when growing bananas indoors is taste.",
"All indoor bananas have a much more unique taste than the bland supermarket varieties so read the descriptive information for each cultivar carefully before you buy one.",
"Super Dwarf Cavendish and the Dwarf Red are very suitable for indoor growing. The Super Dwarf grow only 3 to 4 feet tall (1 to 1.2 m), if you are really cramped on space.",
"These are real fruiting bananas, a scaled down version of the dwarf Cavendish grown commercially in the Canary Islands. Given correct care they can produce edible bananas in 12 months of growth. The really amazing thing is that they flower and fruit when just 4 feet (1.2 m) tall.",
"The nice things about growing bananas indoors are that they will give your house a great tropical feel, you will love watching them grow, and you'll really enjoy them when it's time to eat the fruit.",
"Because they are so easy to grow, even if you don't follow all the instructions given above to a tee, but at least give your banana plant consistent climate conditions, it will thrive for you, including producing quite a bit of fruit.",
"So forget about winter weather for a while and enjoy growing a plant that will bring a bit of the tropics to your house!",
"Hilary Rinaldi is a member of the National Garden Writers Association, a nationally published writer, and a certified organic grower. She regularly speaks and writes about all gardening related topics, with an emphasis on making gardening a successful and enjoyable process for anyone who wants to learn. Weekend Gardener Monthly Web Magazine concentrates of giving detailed gardening tips and gardening advice to all levels of gardeners."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Growing Bananas Indoors | Dwarf Banana Tree\n\n| Past Articles Library | 2 Minute Video Tips | Gardening Idea Blog | About Us \n--- \n| |\n\nPast Articles Library | How To Grow Bananas Indoors \n \n--- \n \n## Banana Plant Indoor with a Dwarf Banana Tree\n\nAdd a touch of the tropics to your home this winter by Growing Bananas Indoors\n\nSo often during the cold winter months people get tired of growing the same\nold \"house plants\" and want to try something more tropical, exotic, or\nunusual.\n\nIf you're one of those people, a great plant to try is a dwarf banana plant\nbecause it's fairly exotic, very tropical, and yet so simple to grow indoors.\n\nBananas truly bring a tropical feel to your home, because their foliage gets\nlush and full, they supply fresh fruit, and they really look like something\nstraight out of Hawaii.\n\nIn addition to bringing a fresh look to your house, they do well with minimum\nmaintenance, are self-fruitful, so they don't need a pollinator, and all\nbanana varieties do well indoors. Basically, there is no reason not to try a\nbanana if you really want a fun project this winter.\n\nI think after reading this you'll be able to forget about the cold\ntemperatures outdoors for a little while, because once you see how easy it is\nto grow bananas indoors, you'll be excited to bring something very summer-like\ninto your home right now.\n\n|\n\nBananas An Overview\n\nBananas (Musa spp.), are herbaceous perennials, almost like a giant herb, and\nmust be treated as such. Their \"trunks\" are not made of wood, but of leaf\nbases wrapped tightly around each other to form a tube.\n\nThe true stem begins as an underground corm which grows upwards, pushing its\nway out through the center of the stalk which will later bear the fruit. Each\nstalk produces one huge flower cluster and then dies. New stalks then grow\nfrom the rhizome.\n\nSince bananas multiply by underground rhizomes, each new stalk will produce\none large flower cluster and fruit. The stalk on the new dwarf and super dwarf\nvarieties that are mentioned below, grow and produce fruit within 1 year.\n\nThe larger banana varieties can take 9 months to grow and another four to\neight months for the fruit to mature. Fertilizers rich in potassium, however,\ndo help speed up the fruiting process.\n\nThe suckers, called \"pups\" that regularly come up from the base of the mother\nplant can be removed to start a new banana plant.\n\nBut make sure that after a stalk has fruited, allow one replacement sucker to\ngrow in its place, because the main stalk will die after its fruit has\nmatured.\n\nBananas , like any tropical plant, need a combination of warmth, bright light,\nand high humidity; conditions that most homes already can provide. They will\nhowever, need these basic requirements year-round, not just when it's warm and\nsunny outside.\n\n|\n\nMusa Dwarf Cavendish\n\nBanana Fruit \n \n---|--- \n \nHow To Grow Bananas Indoors\n\nBuying Bananas:\n\nMost nurseries don't carry bananas but most will special order them for you,\nor you can order them via direct mail catalog or on the internet.\n\nThere are several online tropical growers and even Amazon.com carries many\nvendors that sell bananas.\n\nMail order bananas usually come in the form of a corm. After receiving the\ncorm, wash it in lukewarm water to remove any fungal or bacterial growth,\nwhich may have developed during shipping.\n\nSoil\n\nThe first priority to consider when growing a banana is to use the proper\nsoil. It is very important to use a light, well draining soil mixture that has\nlots of peat, perlite and vermiculite in the mix, and then to make sure you\nhave really good drainage, add 20 percent more perlite to the mix.\n\nDon't use heavy soils when growing bananas such as heavy potting soil, or soil\nfrom a yard. Bananas like an acidic growing mix with a pH between 5.5 and 6.5.\n\nPlanting:\n\nGrow bananas in a container that is not too large. It should be a standard 6\ninch (15 cm) or 8 inch (20 cm) pot with a drainage hole. Never plant it in a\ncontainer without a drainage hole. You can always transplant to a larger\ncontainer when your plant is quite crowded.\n\nThe container you choose should be fairly deep and broad to allow a minimum of\n3 inches (7.5 cm) on both sides between the corm and the inside of the\ncontainer.\n\nPlant the banana corm (rhizome) upright and be sure the roots are well\ncovered, but don't cover the corm entirely. The top 20 percent of the corm\nshould remain exposed until the new plant has produced several new leaves.\n\nRemember this when potting, and leave enough room to later cover the corm\ncompletely. Burying the corm after a few leaves have been produced, promotes\nadditional roots and better stability.\n\nBananas will stop growing even if fed, when they become even marginally pot\nbound, so you may need to transplant to a larger container in time.\n\nGrowing & Maintenance Requirements:\n\nWater\n\nBananas like lots of water because of their enormous leaves, but it is just as\nimportant not to overwater as to underwater.\n\nAs with any houseplant, water when needed and keep the soil evenly moist. To\nhelp with this, you can cover the soil with a layer of decorative bark or\nother organic material to act as a mulch.\n\nAllow the soil to dry slightly between waterings, about when the soil is dry\nto a 1/2 inch (1.25 cm) in depth. Use your fingers to feel the soil. You'll be\nable to tell quite easily.\n\nNOTE: Please do not expect this to be a plant that you \"water once a week.\" If\nyou water once a week without allowing the plant to dry out a bit in between\nwaterings, it is unlikely that you will have success growing this plant!\n\nFertilizer\n\nFertilize at least once month, especially when the plant approaches maturity\nand starts to produce fruit. If there are fewer than 10-12 leaves when the\nplant gets ready to flower, the fruit will take longer to reach full size and\nripen. Insufficient leaves are usually a sign that the plant needs more\nnitrogen and water.\n\nIf your plant is producing one flower after another, it's doing really well,\nbut it will need a consistent supply of nutrients in the form of fertilizer to\nkeep up with its nutritional needs at this time.\n\nTIP: You can water and fertilize bananas at the same time using any type of\ngood balanced fertilizer, like a 5-5-5, or 10-10-10. It is possible to over\nfeed however, which causes the leaves to deform; therefore, if you are going\nto feed with your water, use the fertilizer at half strength.\n\nLight and Humidity\n\nBananas, being tropical plants, like lots of bright, indirect light, so a good\nsouthern exposure would be ideal. Provide maximum sunlight and warmth, with 12\nhours of bright light being ideal for most varieties.\n\nIf the area where you want to place your banana is a bit on the dark side,\nusing a high-intensity light of 100 watts or higher or a Gro Light will be\nvery helpful.\n\nRemember to turn your plant periodically to make sure all sides of the tree\nreceive light, and keep it out of drafts.\n\nGrowing bananas in constant warmth is very important - the ideal night\ntemperature would be 67° F (19° C). The day temperatures would be in the 80s°F\n(27° C).\n\nGrow bananas with high humidity by placing bowls of water around the plants to\nevaporate and create a higher humidity level around them. You want 50 percent\nhigher humidity around the plants than normal household humidity levels which\ncan be on the dry side.\n\nPruning\n\nTry to tolerate spent leaves (versus cutting them off) as they turn from green\nto yellow to brown then shrivel (normal cycle). This allows your plant to re-\nabsorb the leaf nutrients.\n\nPropagation\n\nWhen the suckers or \"pups\" start to form, allow at least 4 leaves to develop\nbefore attempting to remove it from the mother plant. Once cut, remove the pup\nwith as much root as possible and pot up in a new container.\n\nPests\n\nYou will want to wash your stem and leaves from time to time to keep them dust\nfree, and this also gives you the benefit of keeping any bugs away (like\nmites). Use mild dish soap with lots of water and a sponge. Be sure to clean\nthe bottom sides of the leaves as well.\n\nSince there are relatively few insect problems with indoor bananas, they can\nbe organically grown, a point that a lot of people like when dealing with\nedible plants.\n\nVarieties:\n\nWhen selecting banana cultivars, you need only be limited by the height of\nyour ceiling and available space. The most important thing to take into\nconsideration when growing bananas indoors is taste.\n\nAll indoor bananas have a much more unique taste than the bland supermarket\nvarieties so read the descriptive information for each cultivar carefully\nbefore you buy one.\n\nSuper Dwarf Cavendish and the Dwarf Red are very suitable for indoor growing.\nThe Super Dwarf grow only 3 to 4 feet tall (1 to 1.2 m), if you are really\ncramped on space.\n\nSuper Dwarf Cavendish\n\nThese are real fruiting bananas, a scaled down version of the dwarf Cavendish\ngrown commercially in the Canary Islands. Given correct care they can produce\nedible bananas in 12 months of growth. The really amazing thing is that they\nflower and fruit when just 4 feet (1.2 m) tall.\n\nSome of the most popular choices are:\n\n * 'Dwarf Cavendish': gets to 9 feet (2.7 m)\n * 'Super Dwarf Cavendish': gets to 4 feet (1.2 m)\n * 'Dwarf Brazilian': gets to 15 feet (4.6 m)\n * 'Dwarf Jamaican': gets to 8 feet (2.4 m)\n * 'Rajapuri': gets to 10 feet (3 m)\n * 'Williams Hybrid': gets to 8 feet (2.4 m)\n * 'Gran Nain': gets to 8 feet (2.4 m)\n * Dwarf 'Lady Fingerí: gets to 9 feet (2.7 m)\n\n|\n\nBanana Corm\n\nBanana Potted Up\n\nBanana Flower\n\nGreen Banana Fruit\n\nRipe Banana Fruit\n\nBanana Pups Planted Up\n\nMusa 'Dwarf Red' Banana\n\nDwarf 'Lady Fingerí \n \nConclusion\n\nThe nice things about growing bananas indoors are that they will give your\nhouse a great tropical feel, you will love watching them grow, and you'll\nreally enjoy them when it's time to eat the fruit.\n\nBecause they are so easy to grow, even if you don't follow all the\ninstructions given above to a tee, but at least give your banana plant\nconsistent climate conditions, it will thrive for you, including producing\nquite a bit of fruit.\n\nSo forget about winter weather for a while and enjoy growing a plant that will\nbring a bit of the tropics to your house!\n\n|\n\nBanana Foliage \n \nHilary Rinaldi is a member of the National Garden Writers Association, a\nnationally published writer, and a certified organic grower. She regularly\nspeaks and writes about all gardening related topics, with an emphasis on\nmaking gardening a successful and enjoyable process for anyone who wants to\nlearn. Weekend Gardener Monthly Web Magazine concentrates of giving detailed\ngardening tips and gardening advice to all levels of gardeners.\n\nCopyright WM Media. All rights reserved.\n\nThis work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivs 2.5\nLicense. \n \n## Latest Articles on our Blog\n\nGrowing Eugenia Plants Indoors\n\nForcing Iris Bulbs for Winter Enjoyment\n\nProduct Review: Stanley Folding Saw\n\nTips for Growing Carom Plant\n\nEmail page | Print page |\n\nFeature Article - How To Tutorials - Question & Answer\n\nQuick Gardening Tip - Plant Gallery - Gardening Design Ideas\n\nDisease & Pest Control - Monthly To Do Lists\n\nGardening Resources - Garden Clubs & Events - Climate Zones Maps\n\nGardening Tips & Ideas Blog\n\nContact us | Site map | Privacy policy\n\n© 1993 - 2013 WM Media\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://balconygardenweb.com/how-to-grow-banana-trees-growing-banana-trees-in-pots/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200923222209/https://balconygardenweb.com/how-to-grow-banana-trees-growing-banana-trees-in-pots/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Growing Banana Trees in Pots",
"passages": [
"ground either due to lack of space or cold climate. Learn how to grow banana trees in this complete article.",
"There are banana varieties that can withstand temperature drops and grows well in containers, popular especially among the fans of exotic tropical plants in the garden.",
"The first question that may come up in your mind is– Will banana tree in a pot can bear fruits?",
"And the answer is yes. It is possible, a banana tree bears fruits in pot prolifically. It may take up to 3 to 5 years to fruit if grown from seeds.",
"Banana is a lush green, fast-growing plant that can give any place a tropical look and feel. Many varieties become excellent houseplants that don’t need much care and grow up very quickly.",
"Dwarf varieties of banana trees can grow anywhere between 2 to 4 meters. Compared to the ordinary banana trees that can reach up to 15 meters high.",
"Growing banana tree in pot in a tropical climate is extremely easy, with little to no care banana tree grows in the container. If you’re living under USDA Zones 9 to 11, keep your banana tree in the shade in afternoon in summer, when the plant is young. All the other requirements are similar as given below in the article for temperate zones.",
"These dwarf varieties of banana tree restrict up to only 1.5 m to 4 m. (4 to 12 feet) tall and are suitable to grow in containers. You can also grow these banana varieties indoors.",
"Banana trees grow in tropical and subtropical parts of the world and therefore they love full sun, heat and humidity. If you’re growing banana tree you should keep it in a spot that receives the sun most of the day but preferably sheltered from the wind.",
"Growing Banana tree requires well-draining soil, sandy soil that is rich in organic matters and compost. Buy a good quality potting mix for your banana tree. If you are making it at home make sure to mix sand, perlite, and compost or manure.",
"Banana needs slightly acidic to neutral soil to produce those potassium rich nutritious bananas. The soil pH should be around 6 – 7. If your soil is alkaline mix sulfur to decrease the pH.",
"Banana loves moisture. Water it regularly and deeply but care not to overwater. In summer, water it every day. It may need water even two times a day in hot weather or when it is root bound. Soil for growing banana plants should be kept uniformly moist. Reduce watering in winter.",
"Banana plant prefers humidity levels above 50%. To increase humidity level around the plant, mist the plant and place it on a layer of pebbles in a tray filled with water.",
"Banana is a fast growing plant and it requires heavy feeding to grow at its full strength. Fertilize young plant when it establishes well with nitrogen- rich fertilizer to help it grow faster. Once your banana tree in pot becomes mature enough to produce fruit, fertilize it with 15:5:30 fertilizer regularly.",
"Bananas are quite resistant to diseases, still when you see the leaves turning brown and drying at the edges it means you’re overwatering and if the leaves turn yellow, banana plant is having a lack of nutrients.",
"Some pests that might attack banana plant are banana aphids, banana weevil, and coconut scale. These pests can easily be repelled using organic pesticides.",
"* asdf September 26, 2016 at 3:06 am\nTry the local police department, I’m 100% certain they would be very keen to hear more about this project!",
"* Adam April 22, 2019 at 8:23 pm\nThey should really stop wasting their time and money on cannabis. That’s not what he meant with “pot cultivation”, I’m sure. Even if it was, who cares?",
"* magnusfl May 25, 2020 at 10:26 pm\nWhat an idiot your are when you can not understand the difference between a pot plant and a garden pot",
"* Team BGW September 29, 2015 at 1:59 pm\nNo problem! Please feel free to visit more often. We are here to serve gardening.",
"Thanks for the inspiration – we moved from the coast (Durban S.A) where bananas flourish, inland, to where the Summer is hot but, in Winter we get frost. My poor bananas recover only to get burnt again! I am determined to get them growing here too so into tubs they will go and under cover on the patio with the rest of my more delicate plants. Wish me luck!",
"* Team BGW November 7, 2015 at 3:07 pm\nBest of luck and we hope you’ll comment more on this.",
"I was given 2 Musa (Dwarf Red) banana tree’s. Live in wis. and i don’t want to kill them they are both about 9 inch tall. I have no idea how to keep them going.",
"* Bweezy April 21, 2018 at 1:54 am\nI want to keep my banana tree in the house. I got it a year ago, it was 2 inches tall and it’s about 3 feet tall and grows about an inch or more a month. It’s supposed to produce small bananas. The leaves are almost as big as the back of a tall chair! Is there anything I can do to keep it from getting too tall? Can I trim the stalk or would that kill it?",
"Do you just stick the Banana in the plot in the soil you lead part of it sticking out or do you have to route it how do you start it",
"* Marie Nelson October 19, 2016 at 9:10 am\nI believe that Singarayan, in relation to pot cultivation, is referring to the cultivation of banana trees in pots, not marijuana.",
"* Marie Nelson October 19, 2016 at 9:14 am\nThe above comment was supposed to be in response to a post by “asdf”, it ended up in the wrong place through my own fault I’m sure.",
"* Marie Nelson October 19, 2016 at 9:18 am\nRhonda netzley I hope you’re not thinking that you actually place a banana in the soil. You can buy banana plants & I assume seeds as a reference was made to such. Don’t be expecting to put a banana in some soil in a pot and thereby grow a banana tree. It won’t work I’m afraid.",
"Hi, I got banana and plantain trees but I don’t know if I should fertilize them after flowered and fruits are showing already???? Need advice!!!!",
"* Glen October 20, 2016 at 6:50 pm\nGive them plenty of feed, but the fruiting plant will die when the bananas are ready to eat.if the mother plant has pups then cut off and replant with roots attached.",
"I have planted papaya in a large pot it’s grown to about 1 1/2 meters and stopped. Will it bear fruit. It’s about nine months old?",
"* steve May 30, 2017 at 4:31 pm\ni’m growing a banana tree and have a couple of pups popping through the soil. should i remove these? will they affect the main trees ability to produce bananas? thanks, steve",
"* A. Radzin Ayub November 2, 2017 at 8:45 am\nYeah, you may remove and replanting it in a new pot. Yes, it will effect the mother tree, but in a good way. The mother tree will have all nutrient that she need without sharing it with the pup(s).",
"My wife and I love bananas, and I was curious about how you would go about growing them. It’s interesting that they actually grow well in sunlight, heat, and humidity. It would be interesting to see if we could pull off growing one.",
"I grow bananas in so. Georgia. Plants are sheltered, but all day sun. Water 10 min every day and fertilize with fertilizer I found on Amazon for tropical fruit. When fruit are thrown, I watch for flower to stop making flowers that actually make little fruit. I wait a week, and cut off the flower..which some eat..lots of prep..then I wait til fruit looses its sharp edges and begins to turn more round. That’s when I pick th ‘hand’, bring it inside, place in paper or plastic bag with a few apples, which give off a certain ‘gas’. This way, in my short season, I end up with a sweet, tender fruit. The fruit are about four inches long",
"I too believe that Singarayan, in mentioning ” pot cultivation”, is referring to the “cultivation of banana trees in pots”, and not meaning “pot” as in marijuana. Maybe wrong but would be interesting to hear from Singarayan as to what was meant. Good for a giggle though.",
"I’ve got a super dwarft cavendish banana plant & im in Phila.suberbs. I had my largest banana taken from yard of my apt yard last fall. It had gotten to a height of 4 feet.In winter I was told not to water as temps do get cool enough to having to move it indoors after fall comes.any advise to making it through winter to spring?",
"How do you actually grow the banana ? You have said everything else but not how to grow the actual banana, I would like to try but I don’t know how to start to grow it from the banana in the first place, please let me know, thank-you",
"Awesome information about plants in your web,I have many research in Net but honestly I can say you can’t find a article with many detail like your web site any where,thank you so much 👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽",
"I love this am just beginning farming, where can i get this variety in Nigeria, any help/idea or can I plant any variety in a pot?",
"I don’t have a lot of space inside my home for a growing tree. If I cut it down in late fall will it grow again in spring?",
"hello,I have a banana tree planed in a pot that I take in for the winter since I live in zone 6. I have two of them. I had them for three yrs. one stopped growing new leaves and got very brown. the stem got brown and soft and weak.all the leaves fell off. All I had left was the dying stem. There was a few pups growing so I cut them off and replanted them.they are growing ok but should I have left them till they got bigger. The other tree has also stopped producing new leaves but is still green and healthy looking and is shooting up new pups. I will just leave it and hope it starts to grow when the weather gets warmer. I cut back the other tree stem that I Thought was dead And it started to grow again. I have heard that banana trees do that after they flower and produce fruit,mine never did. Anyone what to do??? Because I don’t.",
"My mother took courses in botany when we lived in Panama for two years... many years ago. She learned Banana trees & cherry trees (among others) required both a male & female Banana tree to bear fruit. Since she did not have the ability to determine gender, she planted 10 Banana trees in the yard hoping for both genders, which got quite large in a short time; over 12 feet when we left but not long enough for fruit. You may have to manually pollinate inside. Use a soft feather. I’m sure the correct male/female trees can be special ordered from a knowledgeable professional Nursery owner which has fruit trees & advice. Make sure the fruit is edible & not ornamental. There also was a Catalog nursery in Missouri years ago where such things could also be ordered. But don’t ask Lowes or Walmart, etc. They don’t have anyone with enough knowledge. A professional locally owned family nursery with established years of experience is best. Cavendish, which is most popular, comes in full or dwarf size. Small patio greenhouses would be best for most of US to control humidity, heat, etc. You will also need vents, fans, heaters & water for the patio nursery & storage for nutrients, etc. You might also wish to get some dwarf lemon & orange trees. The leaves & flowers have a wonderful scent. Always check growth height for potential indoor plants.",
"I dug out my mothers old Botany book & it might have some answers for several questions. According to the book, a banana tree only produces fruit once. So if you want more fruit, you have to take the sword suckers at the root base & replant them. It is a continuous, successive process.",
"Commercial banana’s don’t have seeds. They replant the sword suckers. Each plant only bears fruit once. They can grow 30 feet in 13-15 months with a main wrapped leaf stem (at the center) diameter of 16 inches. A very big plant. Needs summer watering 1-2 times daily & much less in winter. The commercial parent plants are cut down after harvest & they replant the suckers because the parent plants are of no more value to them after the single bearing of fruit. It doesn’t say whether the parent tree can survive after its one harvest, but I suspect it will still be viable as a non producing plant after harvest, but I can’t be sure. There will be several suckers on the mature banana plant on the corms (like a bulb) at the root base. The sword suckers grow from the corm according to the book. It is a small article in the Botany course book because it was a US college & US books. Since we don’t grow bananas except in Florida & near latitude areas, they skipped over the subject. No higher north than 30 degrees LAT. Better buy dwarf plants unless you have room for a 30 ft banana plant indoors. You can get dwarf Cavendish. Don’t grow from seeds. They have none. The nursery (greenhouse) can order the starter plants for you the first time. After that, you can replant the suckers from your mature tree if you want more bananas & keep the barren mature plants for decoration if they survive after harvest. Also, if you live in a HOA, they may have tree rules. I had a friend who planted a full grown $30,000 fan shaped travelers Palm in front of her house in California. It took cranes & backhoes to plant that 25 ft tall fan shaped palm. It wasn’t HOA approved. A dwarf hidden in your backyard, might get you past rules. Some rules are downright absurd and they will sneak behind your fence & house to see. I only lived in one HOA for a year and they cited me for having my car parked in my own driveway more than 12 hours when I was on vacation & it was on a curved area mostly hidden behind the house & barely visible. They will go to extremes. I thought they were insane. It was a rent home & no one mentioned HOA. These were all different homes. Not a planned suburb. Just thought I would mention it. A Condo, townhouse or apt may also have similar balcony or patio rules about approved trees & plants.",
"One other item is about growing potatoes. A neat method. A friend bought a large 33 gallon rubbermaid trash can & planted her potatoes in potting soil in the very bottom. As they grew, she added more loose potting soil. She kept adding as the plants grew. When it was filled to the top & ready to harvest, the trash can was filled with over 100 potatoes. It was amazing. No digging. Just turned the can upside down to harvest. I saw her do this. I’ve always wanted to try that.",
"* Sammi April 3, 2019 at 9:40 pm\nThank you! That’s a lot of useful plant trivia. I appreciate it very much.",
"* magnusfl June 4, 2020 at 5:33 am\nCommercial banana’s don’t have seeds. is wrong comment no natural or commercial banana has ever never had seeds they only bread but by roots or called pups just like pineapples which are much grower as they take 2 years to make a single pineapple but again send out root to make more you plants and they only thing thing can figure out why is simple the rotten fruit would fertilize the ground around it but add to that the wild life that would eat some of it would possible fertilize by by what pass out of them",
"Can we use 5 15 45 at the time of fruiting And which is better 15 5 30 or i mention latter",
"Thanks for the article! I bought a Gros Michel...well because I saw it on amazon and why the hell not. So My goal is to grow a tree like my grandmother does with lemon trees. Excited to work on this exotic plant.",
"The plan is to use a tent, humidifier and large pot for the tree to grow into. I will try and prune it to a reasonable size as it grows. I hope this does not end poorly but exciting none the less.",
"I would like to grow an ice cream banana tree but living in Pa it needs to be kept small. Can I do this, how and will it produce fruit?",
"I bought a banana tree around 9 months ago. I now hahe 14 of them in 3 pots. They’re growing at an amazing rate and I’d love to see them produce fruit. Until they do I just love the shade that they give.",
"I loved reading your post. Thanks for your invaluable advice! I received my first banana plant in the post two weeks ago. It only had one leaf which was damaged so I cut it off and have noticed a shoot appearing already! As I live in the UK, I’ll repot it and keep it in the conservatory until late spring next year. I’m going to buy a few more, including the dwarf variety. Exciting times ahead!",
"Carpenter bees are harmless but can stain your wooden assets and other things at home. Learn How to Get Rid of Carpenter Bees Naturally! Carpenter...",
"Balcony Garden Web is all about gardening. Here we serve you the best and informative gardening ideas, creative DIY's and limited space gardening tips and tricks."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Grow Banana Trees | Growing Banana Trees in Pots\n\n * Home\n * Growing Food\n\n * Vegetables\n * Herbs\n * Fruits\n * Spices\n * Urban Gardening\n\n * Container Gardening\n * Indoor Gardening\n * Vertical Gardening\n * Rooftop/Terrace Gardening\n * Patio Gardening\n * Gardening Guide\n\n * Gardening Guide\n * Garden Design\n * Lawn Care\n * Companion Planting\n * Plant Care and Tips\n * Ornamental Gardening\n\n * Flowers & Blooms\n * Growing Trees and Shrubs\n * DIY\n\nSign in\n\nWelcome!Log into your account\n\nForgot your password?\n\nPassword recovery\n\nRecover your password\n\nBalcony Garden Web\n\n * Balcony Gardening\n * Gardening Ideas\n * Best and Top of Gardening\n * About us\n\n * Contact us\n * Feedback Page\n * Write Guest Post for us\n\nSign in\n\nWelcome! Log into your account\n\nForgot your password? Get help\n\nPassword recovery\n\nRecover your password\n\nA password will be e-mailed to you.\n\n * Home\n * Growing Food\n\n * Vegetables\n * Herbs\n * Fruits\n * Spices\n * Urban Gardening\n\n * Container Gardening\n * Indoor Gardening\n * Vertical Gardening\n * Rooftop/Terrace Gardening\n * Patio Gardening\n * Gardening Guide\n\n * Gardening Guide\n * Garden Design\n * Lawn Care\n * Companion Planting\n * Plant Care and Tips\n * Ornamental Gardening\n\n * Flowers & Blooms\n * Growing Trees and Shrubs\n * DIY\n\nHome Container Fruits Growing Banana Trees in Pots | How to Grow Banana Trees\n\n# Growing Banana Trees in Pots | How to Grow Banana Trees\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n\n## Growing Banana Trees in Pots is easy, if you’re unable to grow it on the\nground either due to lack of space or cold climate. Learn how to grow banana\ntrees in this complete article.\n\nThere are banana varieties that can withstand temperature drops and grows well\nin containers, popular especially among the fans of exotic tropical plants in\nthe garden.\n\nThe first question that may come up in your mind is– Will banana tree in a pot\ncan bear fruits?\n\nAnd the answer is yes. It is possible, a banana tree bears fruits in pot\nprolifically. It may take up to 3 to 5 years to fruit if grown from seeds.\n\nAlso Read: Is Banana a Herb?\n\n## Growing Banana Trees in Pots\n\nBanana is a lush green, fast-growing plant that can give any place a tropical\nlook and feel. Many varieties become excellent houseplants that don’t need\nmuch care and grow up very quickly.\n\nDwarf varieties of banana trees can grow anywhere between 2 to 4 meters.\nCompared to the ordinary banana trees that can reach up to 15 meters high.\n\nAlso Read: How To Keep Bananas Fresh\n\n## Growing Banana Trees in Pots in Tropics\n\nGrowing banana tree in pot in a tropical climate is extremely easy, with\nlittle to no care banana tree grows in the container. If you’re living under\nUSDA Zones 9 to 11, keep your banana tree in the shade in afternoon in summer,\nwhen the plant is young. All the other requirements are similar as given below\nin the article for temperate zones.\n\n## Banana Varieties you can Grow in Pots and Indoors\n\nThese dwarf varieties of banana tree restrict up to only 1.5 m to 4 m. (4 to\n12 feet) tall and are suitable to grow in containers. You can also grow these\nbanana varieties indoors.\n\n * Dwarf Red\n * Dwarf Cavendish\n * Dwarf Brazilian\n * Dwarf Jamaican\n * Rajapuri\n * Williams Hybrid\n * Gran Nain\n * Dwarf ‘Lady Finger’\n\nIf you would like to grow ornamental bananas check out these varieties:\n\n * Ensete ventricosum\n * Musa sikkimensis ‘Red Tiger’\n * Musa ornata\n\nAlso Read: How to grow lemon in Pots\n\n## Requirements for Growing Banana Trees in Pots\n\n### Sun\n\nBanana trees grow in tropical and subtropical parts of the world and therefore\nthey love full sun, heat and humidity. If you’re growing banana tree you\nshould keep it in a spot that receives the sun most of the day but preferably\nsheltered from the wind.\n\n### Soil\n\nGrowing Banana tree requires well-draining soil, sandy soil that is rich in\norganic matters and compost. Buy a good quality potting mix for your banana\ntree. If you are making it at home make sure to mix sand, perlite, and compost\nor manure.\n\nBanana needs slightly acidic to neutral soil to produce those potassium rich\nnutritious bananas. The soil pH should be around 6 – 7. If your soil is\nalkaline mix sulfur to decrease the pH.\n\nAlso Read: How to Change Soil pH\n\n### Watering\n\nBanana loves moisture. Water it regularly and deeply but care not to\noverwater. In summer, water it every day. It may need water even two times a\nday in hot weather or when it is root bound. Soil for growing banana plants\nshould be kept uniformly moist. Reduce watering in winter.\n\n## Banana Plant in Pot Care\n\n### Humidity\n\nBanana plant prefers humidity levels above 50%. To increase humidity level\naround the plant, mist the plant and place it on a layer of pebbles in a tray\nfilled with water.\n\n### Overwintering Banana Tree\n\nBanana plants stop growing when the temperature drops below 50 ° Fahrenheit.\n\nBefore the onset of winter, do heavy mulching and prune the leaves.\n\nPut it in a warm, bright room till the spring.\n\n### Fertilizer\n\nBanana is a fast growing plant and it requires heavy feeding to grow at its\nfull strength. Fertilize young plant when it establishes well with nitrogen-\nrich fertilizer to help it grow faster. Once your banana tree in pot becomes\nmature enough to produce fruit, fertilize it with 15:5:30 fertilizer\nregularly.\n\n## Pests and diseases\n\nBananas are quite resistant to diseases, still when you see the leaves turning\nbrown and drying at the edges it means you’re overwatering and if the leaves\nturn yellow, banana plant is having a lack of nutrients.\n\nSome pests that might attack banana plant are banana aphids, banana weevil,\nand coconut scale. These pests can easily be repelled using organic\npesticides.\n\nAlso Read: How to Grow Mango trees in pots\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n\nPrevious articleHow to Propagate Bay Leaf | Bay Tree Propagation\n\nNext articleSedum Propagation | How to Propagate Sedum\n\nadmin\n\n#### RELATED ARTICLESMORE FROM AUTHOR\n\n### 19 Best Indoor Vines & Climbers You Can Grow Easily In Home\n\n### 23 Popular Indoor Plants You Can Grow In Vases\n\n### How to Get Rid of Carpenter Bees Naturally\n\n#### 47 COMMENTS\n\n 1. Singarayan September 29, 2015 at 10:44 am\n\nI would like to know more about pot cultivation and where we can get seedling\n\nReply\n\n * asdf September 26, 2016 at 3:06 am\n\nTry the local police department, I’m 100% certain they would be very keen to\nhear more about this project!\n\nReply\n\n * Adam April 22, 2019 at 8:23 pm\n\nThey should really stop wasting their time and money on cannabis. That’s not\nwhat he meant with “pot cultivation”, I’m sure. Even if it was, who cares?\n\nReply\n\n * magnusfl May 25, 2020 at 10:26 pm\n\nWhat an idiot your are when you can not understand the difference between a\npot plant and a garden pot\n\nReply\n\n 2. Deborah BUDD September 29, 2015 at 1:32 pm\n\ni love learning about the plants & flowers. Thank you\n\nReply\n\n * Team BGW September 29, 2015 at 1:59 pm\n\nNo problem! Please feel free to visit more often. We are here to serve\ngardening.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Lesley November 7, 2015 at 10:31 am\n\nThanks for the inspiration – we moved from the coast (Durban S.A) where\nbananas flourish, inland, to where the Summer is hot but, in Winter we get\nfrost. My poor bananas recover only to get burnt again! I am determined to get\nthem growing here too so into tubs they will go and under cover on the patio\nwith the rest of my more delicate plants. Wish me luck!\n\nReply\n\n * Team BGW November 7, 2015 at 3:07 pm\n\nBest of luck and we hope you’ll comment more on this.\n\nReply\n\n 4. DeeDee December 3, 2015 at 5:29 am\n\nI was given 2 Musa (Dwarf Red) banana tree’s. Live in wis. and i don’t want to\nkill them they are both about 9 inch tall. I have no idea how to keep them\ngoing.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Dr.Than Htun February 29, 2016 at 8:33 am\n\nThanks for the knowledge.\n\nReply\n\n 6. fred March 27, 2016 at 7:26 am\n\ngreat now where do you get em\n\nReply\n\n 7. Nancy April 18, 2016 at 2:10 am\n\nYes, where do I get a banana tree?\n\nReply\n\n * John December 10, 2016 at 9:35 am\n\nFlorida Hill Nursery\n\nReply\n\n * Bweezy April 21, 2018 at 1:54 am\n\nI want to keep my banana tree in the house. I got it a year ago, it was 2\ninches tall and it’s about 3 feet tall and grows about an inch or more a\nmonth. It’s supposed to produce small bananas. The leaves are almost as big as\nthe back of a tall chair! Is there anything I can do to keep it from getting\ntoo tall? Can I trim the stalk or would that kill it?\n\nReply\n\n 8. Rhonda netzley May 18, 2016 at 10:52 pm\n\nDo you just stick the Banana in the plot in the soil you lead part of it\nsticking out or do you have to route it how do you start it\n\nReply\n\n * Marie Nelson October 19, 2016 at 9:10 am\n\nI believe that Singarayan, in relation to pot cultivation, is referring to the\ncultivation of banana trees in pots, not marijuana.\n\nReply\n\n * Marie Nelson October 19, 2016 at 9:14 am\n\nThe above comment was supposed to be in response to a post by “asdf”, it ended\nup in the wrong place through my own fault I’m sure.\n\nReply\n\n * Marie Nelson October 19, 2016 at 9:18 am\n\nRhonda netzley I hope you’re not thinking that you actually place a banana in\nthe soil. You can buy banana plants & I assume seeds as a reference was made\nto such. Don’t be expecting to put a banana in some soil in a pot and thereby\ngrow a banana tree. It won’t work I’m afraid.\n\nReply\n\n 9. Jenny Hernandez July 26, 2016 at 4:04 am\n\nHi, I got banana and plantain trees but I don’t know if I should fertilize\nthem after flowered and fruits are showing already???? Need advice!!!!\n\nReply\n\n * Glen October 20, 2016 at 6:50 pm\n\nGive them plenty of feed, but the fruiting plant will die when the bananas are\nready to eat.if the mother plant has pups then cut off and replant with roots\nattached.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Samia July 31, 2016 at 1:20 pm\n\nI have planted papaya in a large pot it’s grown to about 1 1/2 meters and\nstopped. Will it bear fruit. It’s about nine months old?\n\nReply\n\n 11. Bruce L. August 3, 2016 at 1:25 am\n\nInteresting article, the only thing you left out was how to plant the banana?\n\nReply\n\n 12. Prabha August 21, 2016 at 11:40 am\n\nHow long does it take to fruit?\n\nReply\n\n * steve May 30, 2017 at 4:31 pm\n\ni’m growing a banana tree and have a couple of pups popping through the soil.\nshould i remove these? will they affect the main trees ability to produce\nbananas? thanks, steve\n\nReply\n\n * A. Radzin Ayub November 2, 2017 at 8:45 am\n\nYeah, you may remove and replanting it in a new pot. Yes, it will effect the\nmother tree, but in a good way. The mother tree will have all nutrient that\nshe need without sharing it with the pup(s).\n\nReply\n\n 13. Arum Indriani September 5, 2016 at 12:42 pm\n\nThanks for the inspiration. I love learning about the plant\n\nReply\n\n 14. Shad Morris November 3, 2016 at 3:03 pm\n\nMy wife and I love bananas, and I was curious about how you would go about\ngrowing them. It’s interesting that they actually grow well in sunlight, heat,\nand humidity. It would be interesting to see if we could pull off growing one.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Mary ann November 5, 2016 at 6:58 am\n\nI grow bananas in so. Georgia. Plants are sheltered, but all day sun. Water 10\nmin every day and fertilize with fertilizer I found on Amazon for tropical\nfruit. When fruit are thrown, I watch for flower to stop making flowers that\nactually make little fruit. I wait a week, and cut off the flower..which some\neat..lots of prep..then I wait til fruit looses its sharp edges and begins to\nturn more round. That’s when I pick th ‘hand’, bring it inside, place in paper\nor plastic bag with a few apples, which give off a certain ‘gas’. This way, in\nmy short season, I end up with a sweet, tender fruit. The fruit are about four\ninches long\n\nReply\n\n 16. Genieus42 April 3, 2017 at 2:16 am\n\nI too believe that Singarayan, in mentioning ” pot cultivation”, is referring\nto the “cultivation of banana trees in pots”, and not meaning “pot” as in\nmarijuana. Maybe wrong but would be interesting to hear from Singarayan as to\nwhat was meant. Good for a giggle though.\n\nReply\n\n 17. christine horan June 28, 2017 at 1:22 am\n\nI’ve got a super dwarft cavendish banana plant & im in Phila.suberbs. I had my\nlargest banana taken from yard of my apt yard last fall. It had gotten to a\nheight of 4 feet.In winter I was told not to water as temps do get cool enough\nto having to move it indoors after fall comes.any advise to making it through\nwinter to spring?\n\nReply\n\n 18. Christine Harris July 24, 2017 at 7:43 am\n\nHow do you actually grow the banana ? You have said everything else but not\nhow to grow the actual banana, I would like to try but I don’t know how to\nstart to grow it from the banana in the first place, please let me know,\nthank-you\n\nReply\n\n 19. Mohsen August 11, 2017 at 10:14 am\n\nAwesome information about plants in your web,I have many research in Net but\nhonestly I can say you can’t find a article with many detail like your web\nsite any where,thank you so much 👍🏽👍🏽👍🏽\n\nReply\n\n 20. Nsidibe Udokpan August 14, 2017 at 8:53 pm\n\nI love this am just beginning farming, where can i get this variety in\nNigeria, any help/idea or can I plant any variety in a pot?\n\nReply\n\n 21. Lhea December 8, 2017 at 11:36 pm\n\nWill a regular banana plant ( not dwarf) bear fruits if remsin planted in a\npot?\n\nReply\n\n 22. Ely M February 15, 2018 at 3:28 pm\n\nI don’t have a lot of space inside my home for a growing tree. If I cut it\ndown in late fall will it grow again in spring?\n\nReply\n\n 23. Julianne Laplante March 19, 2018 at 1:44 pm\n\nHow long does it take for the fruit?? Thanks Julianne Laplante @jlaplante305\n\nReply\n\n 24. Roz kilanowski April 28, 2018 at 1:13 am\n\nhello,I have a banana tree planed in a pot that I take in for the winter since\nI live in zone 6. I have two of them. I had them for three yrs. one stopped\ngrowing new leaves and got very brown. the stem got brown and soft and\nweak.all the leaves fell off. All I had left was the dying stem. There was a\nfew pups growing so I cut them off and replanted them.they are growing ok but\nshould I have left them till they got bigger. The other tree has also stopped\nproducing new leaves but is still green and healthy looking and is shooting up\nnew pups. I will just leave it and hope it starts to grow when the weather\ngets warmer. I cut back the other tree stem that I Thought was dead And it\nstarted to grow again. I have heard that banana trees do that after they\nflower and produce fruit,mine never did. Anyone what to do??? Because I don’t.\n\nReply\n\n 25. Gravel May 19, 2018 at 4:57 pm\n\nHow to start a banana plant from home?\n\nReply\n\n 26. Midge July 9, 2018 at 6:10 pm\n\nMy mother took courses in botany when we lived in Panama for two years... many\nyears ago. She learned Banana trees & cherry trees (among others) required\nboth a male & female Banana tree to bear fruit. Since she did not have the\nability to determine gender, she planted 10 Banana trees in the yard hoping\nfor both genders, which got quite large in a short time; over 12 feet when we\nleft but not long enough for fruit. You may have to manually pollinate inside.\nUse a soft feather. I’m sure the correct male/female trees can be special\nordered from a knowledgeable professional Nursery owner which has fruit trees\n& advice. Make sure the fruit is edible & not ornamental. There also was a\nCatalog nursery in Missouri years ago where such things could also be ordered.\nBut don’t ask Lowes or Walmart, etc. They don’t have anyone with enough\nknowledge. A professional locally owned family nursery with established years\nof experience is best. Cavendish, which is most popular, comes in full or\ndwarf size. Small patio greenhouses would be best for most of US to control\nhumidity, heat, etc. You will also need vents, fans, heaters & water for the\npatio nursery & storage for nutrients, etc. You might also wish to get some\ndwarf lemon & orange trees. The leaves & flowers have a wonderful scent.\nAlways check growth height for potential indoor plants.\n\nReply\n\n 27. Midge July 9, 2018 at 8:14 pm\n\nI dug out my mothers old Botany book & it might have some answers for several\nquestions. According to the book, a banana tree only produces fruit once. So\nif you want more fruit, you have to take the sword suckers at the root base &\nreplant them. It is a continuous, successive process.\n\nCommercial banana’s don’t have seeds. They replant the sword suckers. Each\nplant only bears fruit once. They can grow 30 feet in 13-15 months with a main\nwrapped leaf stem (at the center) diameter of 16 inches. A very big plant.\nNeeds summer watering 1-2 times daily & much less in winter. The commercial\nparent plants are cut down after harvest & they replant the suckers because\nthe parent plants are of no more value to them after the single bearing of\nfruit. It doesn’t say whether the parent tree can survive after its one\nharvest, but I suspect it will still be viable as a non producing plant after\nharvest, but I can’t be sure. There will be several suckers on the mature\nbanana plant on the corms (like a bulb) at the root base. The sword suckers\ngrow from the corm according to the book. It is a small article in the Botany\ncourse book because it was a US college & US books. Since we don’t grow\nbananas except in Florida & near latitude areas, they skipped over the\nsubject. No higher north than 30 degrees LAT. Better buy dwarf plants unless\nyou have room for a 30 ft banana plant indoors. You can get dwarf Cavendish.\nDon’t grow from seeds. They have none. The nursery (greenhouse) can order the\nstarter plants for you the first time. After that, you can replant the suckers\nfrom your mature tree if you want more bananas & keep the barren mature plants\nfor decoration if they survive after harvest. Also, if you live in a HOA, they\nmay have tree rules. I had a friend who planted a full grown $30,000 fan\nshaped travelers Palm in front of her house in California. It took cranes &\nbackhoes to plant that 25 ft tall fan shaped palm. It wasn’t HOA approved. A\ndwarf hidden in your backyard, might get you past rules. Some rules are\ndownright absurd and they will sneak behind your fence & house to see. I only\nlived in one HOA for a year and they cited me for having my car parked in my\nown driveway more than 12 hours when I was on vacation & it was on a curved\narea mostly hidden behind the house & barely visible. They will go to\nextremes. I thought they were insane. It was a rent home & no one mentioned\nHOA. These were all different homes. Not a planned suburb. Just thought I\nwould mention it. A Condo, townhouse or apt may also have similar balcony or\npatio rules about approved trees & plants.\n\nOne other item is about growing potatoes. A neat method. A friend bought a\nlarge 33 gallon rubbermaid trash can & planted her potatoes in potting soil in\nthe very bottom. As they grew, she added more loose potting soil. She kept\nadding as the plants grew. When it was filled to the top & ready to harvest,\nthe trash can was filled with over 100 potatoes. It was amazing. No digging.\nJust turned the can upside down to harvest. I saw her do this. I’ve always\nwanted to try that.\n\nThat’s all the plant trivia I have worth sharing.\n\nReply\n\n * Sammi April 3, 2019 at 9:40 pm\n\nThank you! That’s a lot of useful plant trivia. I appreciate it very much.\n\nReply\n\n * magnusfl June 4, 2020 at 5:33 am\n\nCommercial banana’s don’t have seeds. is wrong comment no natural or\ncommercial banana has ever never had seeds they only bread but by roots or\ncalled pups just like pineapples which are much grower as they take 2 years to\nmake a single pineapple but again send out root to make more you plants and\nthey only thing thing can figure out why is simple the rotten fruit would\nfertilize the ground around it but add to that the wild life that would eat\nsome of it would possible fertilize by by what pass out of them\n\nReply\n\n 28. Shahji August 15, 2018 at 8:17 pm\n\nCan we use 5 15 45 at the time of fruiting And which is better 15 5 30 or i\nmention latter\n\nReply\n\n 29. Stephen T. March 14, 2019 at 3:27 am\n\nThanks for the article! I bought a Gros Michel...well because I saw it on\namazon and why the hell not. So My goal is to grow a tree like my grandmother\ndoes with lemon trees. Excited to work on this exotic plant.\n\nThe plan is to use a tent, humidifier and large pot for the tree to grow into.\nI will try and prune it to a reasonable size as it grows. I hope this does not\nend poorly but exciting none the less.\n\nReply\n\n 30. Carol May 21, 2019 at 9:18 pm\n\nI would like to grow an ice cream banana tree but living in Pa it needs to be\nkept small. Can I do this, how and will it produce fruit?\n\nReply\n\n 31. Andrew Long April 20, 2020 at 7:40 am\n\nI bought a banana tree around 9 months ago. I now hahe 14 of them in 3 pots.\nThey’re growing at an amazing rate and I’d love to see them produce fruit.\nUntil they do I just love the shade that they give.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Ian M September 6, 2020 at 1:55 pm\n\nI loved reading your post. Thanks for your invaluable advice! I received my\nfirst banana plant in the post two weeks ago. It only had one leaf which was\ndamaged so I cut it off and have noticed a shoot appearing already! As I live\nin the UK, I’ll repot it and keep it in the conservatory until late spring\nnext year. I’m going to buy a few more, including the dwarf variety. Exciting\ntimes ahead!\n\nReply\n\n### LEAVE A REPLY Cancel reply\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n### 20 DIY Salad Table Ideas For Fresh Veggies\n\n### 10 Creative DIY Crochet Plants Patterns\n\n### 5 Easy to Grow Philodendrons\n\n### 20 Green Ideas for Modern Wall Decoration\n\n### 31 Indoor Plants you can Grow from Cuttings\n\n#### Featured\n\n### How to Get Rid of Carpenter Bees Naturally\n\nCarpenter bees are harmless but can stain your wooden assets and other things\nat home. Learn How to Get Rid of Carpenter Bees Naturally! Carpenter...\n\n#### Join our 2.6 Million Followers\n\n * 2.4MFollowers\n\n * 200KFans\n\n * 10.7kFollowers\n\nABOUT US\n\nBalcony Garden Web is all about gardening. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161124005024/en/Top-5-Vendors-Water-Soluble-Fertilizers-Market-2016",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200422044118/https://www.businesswire.com/news/home/20161124005024/en/Top-5-Vendors-Water-Soluble-Fertilizers-Market-2016",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Top 5 Vendors in the Water-Soluble Fertilizers Market From 2016 to 2020: Technavio",
"passages": [
"LONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Technavio has announced the top five leading vendors in their recent global water-soluble fertilizers market report. This research report also lists 17 other prominent vendors that are expected to impact the market during the forecast period.",
"The basic plant nutrients used for a better crop yield are phosphate, nitrogen, and potassium. Nitrogen is the most widely used nutrient as fertilizer after phosphate and potash. These elements are crucial for agricultural outputs as they help in improving water retention, nutrient value, color, texture, yield, disease resistance, and various other properties. These nutrients find extensive applications base in several crops such as rice, wheat, soybeans, palm, cotton, grains, corn, sugar, fruits, and vegetables.",
"The global market for water-soluble fertilizers is highly fragmented, characterized by the occurrence of expanded regional and international corporations owing to the prevalent accessibility of natural gas. Nevertheless, as international corporations have increased their predominance in the market, regional corporations are finding it extremely difficult to compete with them, especially in terms of technology, quality, and pricing.",
"“Vendors with better financial and technical resources can progress with innovative products that render competitors’ merchandise non-competitive even before they are launched, or before they can recover the research and development and commercialization costs,” says Ajay Adikhari, a lead agrochemicals and fertilizers analyst from Technavio.",
"The market is dominated by leading global players. Nonetheless, there are several domestic and foreign players with comparatively smaller market shares. Many global players are projected to enlarge their presence at the global level during the forecast period. In addition, improvements in global economic conditions are boosting the growth of the market, making it an attractive time to launch new products.",
"Technavio’s sample reports are free of charge and contain multiple sections of the report including the market size and forecast, drivers, challenges, trends, and more.",
"Agrium’s fertilizers offer farmers crucial nutrients that increase crop yield and help them meet the global demand for food. The company operates in two segments, wholesale and retail. These units are responsible for producing and marketing phosphate, nitrogen, sulfate, and potash-based nutrients for crop.",
"Haifa is owned by Trance Resource, a US-based holding company. Haifa operates in more than 100 countries across five continents with three production plants and 12 subsidiaries. Its main production plants are in Israel and France with a combined annual potassium nitrate production capacity of 500,000 million tons.",
"Haifa offers an extensive portfolio of water-soluble fertilizers that ensure optimal plant nutrition. Efficient fertilizers and effective fertilization methods have become the main solution to the increasing demand for agricultural products.",
"PotashCorp mines potash from underground deposits left behind by evaporated seas. The world’s largest deposits are in Saskatchewan. Water-soluble fertilizers are used for the following:",
"As fertilizer: It improves root strength and disease resistance; assists water retention; and enhances taste, color and texture of food",
"Mosaic Company was incorporated in 2004 and is headquartered in Plymouth, Minnesota, US. The company is a manufacturer and distributor of potash crop nutrients and concentrated phosphate. Its product offering includes potash, phosphates, feed ingredients, and industrial products. The company serves customers in approximately 40 countries.",
"Yara International has established its presence in the fertilizers and agrochemicals sector with NPK fertilizers, secondary nutrients (calcium, magnesium, and sulfur), and micro nutrients (boron, copper, iron, molybdenum, and manganese). Its fertilizer portfolio includes calcium ammonium nitrate, ammonium nitrate, urea, urea ammonium nitrate solutions, ammonium sulfate, and fertigation and liquid fertilizers. Its key brands include YaraBela, YaraLiva, YaraMila, YaraVera, and YaraVita.",
"Do you need a report on a market in a specific geographical cluster or country but can’t find what you’re looking for? Don’t worry, Technavio also takes client requests. Please contact enquiry@technavio.com with your requirements and our analysts will be happy to create a customized report just for you.",
"Technavio is a leading global technology research and advisory company. The company develops over 2000 pieces of research every year, covering more than 500 technologies across 80 countries. Technavio has about 300 analysts globally who specialize in customized consulting and business research assignments across the latest leading edge technologies.",
"Technavio analysts employ primary as well as secondary research techniques to ascertain the size and vendor landscape in a range of markets. Analysts obtain information using a combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches, besides using in-house market modeling tools and proprietary databases. They corroborate this data with the data obtained from various market participants and stakeholders across the value chain, including vendors, service providers, distributors, re-sellers, and end-users.",
"This site uses cookies. By continuing to browse this Business Wire site (and/or any other Business Wire website), you accept the use of cookies. Learn more"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Top 5 Vendors in the Water-Soluble Fertilizers Market From 2016 to 2020:\nTechnavio | Business Wire\n\n# Top 5 Vendors in the Water-Soluble Fertilizers Market From 2016 to 2020:\nTechnavio\n\n## Download\n\n * Full Size\n * Small\n * Preview\n * Thumbnail\n\nTechnavio publishes a new market research report on the global water soluble\nfertilizers market from 2016-2020. (Graphic: Business Wire)\n\n * Technavio publishes a new market research report on the global water soluble fertilizers market from 2016-2020. (Graphic: Business Wire)\n\n * Full Size\n\n * Small\n\n * Preview\n\n * Thumbnail\n\n * * Full Size\n\n * Small\n\n * Preview\n\n * Thumbnail\n\nNovember 24, 2016 02:43 PM Eastern Standard Time\n\nLONDON--(BUSINESS WIRE)--Technavio has announced the top five leading vendors\nin their recent global water-soluble fertilizers market report. This research\nreport also lists 17 other prominent vendors that are expected to impact the\nmarket during the forecast period.\n\nThe basic plant nutrients used for a better crop yield are phosphate,\nnitrogen, and potassium. Nitrogen is the most widely used nutrient as\nfertilizer after phosphate and potash. These elements are crucial for\nagricultural outputs as they help in improving water retention, nutrient\nvalue, color, texture, yield, disease resistance, and various other\nproperties. These nutrients find extensive applications base in several crops\nsuch as rice, wheat, soybeans, palm, cotton, grains, corn, sugar, fruits, and\nvegetables.\n\nCompetitive vendor landscape\n\nThe global market for water-soluble fertilizers is highly fragmented,\ncharacterized by the occurrence of expanded regional and international\ncorporations owing to the prevalent accessibility of natural gas.\nNevertheless, as international corporations have increased their predominance\nin the market, regional corporations are finding it extremely difficult to\ncompete with them, especially in terms of technology, quality, and pricing.\n\n“Vendors with better financial and technical resources can progress with\ninnovative products that render competitors’ merchandise non-competitive even\nbefore they are launched, or before they can recover the research and\ndevelopment and commercialization costs,” says Ajay Adikhari, a lead\nagrochemicals and fertilizers analyst from Technavio.\n\nThe market is dominated by leading global players. Nonetheless, there are\nseveral domestic and foreign players with comparatively smaller market shares.\nMany global players are projected to enlarge their presence at the global\nlevel during the forecast period. In addition, improvements in global economic\nconditions are boosting the growth of the market, making it an attractive time\nto launch new products.\n\nRequest a sample report: http://www.technavio.com/request-a-\nsample?report=52340\n\nTechnavio’s sample reports are free of charge and contain multiple sections of\nthe report including the market size and forecast, drivers, challenges,\ntrends, and more.\n\nTop five water-soluble fertilizers market vendors\n\nAgrium\n\nAgrium’s fertilizers offer farmers crucial nutrients that increase crop yield\nand help them meet the global demand for food. The company operates in two\nsegments, wholesale and retail. These units are responsible for producing and\nmarketing phosphate, nitrogen, sulfate, and potash-based nutrients for crop.\n\nHaifa\n\nHaifa is owned by Trance Resource, a US-based holding company. Haifa operates\nin more than 100 countries across five continents with three production plants\nand 12 subsidiaries. Its main production plants are in Israel and France with\na combined annual potassium nitrate production capacity of 500,000 million\ntons.\n\nHaifa offers an extensive portfolio of water-soluble fertilizers that ensure\noptimal plant nutrition. Efficient fertilizers and effective fertilization\nmethods have become the main solution to the increasing demand for\nagricultural products.\n\nPotashCorp\n\nPotashCorp mines potash from underground deposits left behind by evaporated\nseas. The world’s largest deposits are in Saskatchewan. Water-soluble\nfertilizers are used for the following:\n\n * As fertilizer: It improves root strength and disease resistance; assists water retention; and enhances taste, color and texture of food\n * As feed: It aids animal growth and milk production\n * It is used in industrial products (food products, soaps, water softeners, de-icers and drilling muds)\n\nMosaic Company\n\nMosaic Company was incorporated in 2004 and is headquartered in Plymouth,\nMinnesota, US. The company is a manufacturer and distributor of potash crop\nnutrients and concentrated phosphate. Its product offering includes potash,\nphosphates, feed ingredients, and industrial products. The company serves\ncustomers in approximately 40 countries.\n\nYara International\n\nYara International has established its presence in the fertilizers and\nagrochemicals sector with NPK fertilizers, secondary nutrients (calcium,\nmagnesium, and sulfur), and micro nutrients (boron, copper, iron, molybdenum,\nand manganese). Its fertilizer portfolio includes calcium ammonium nitrate,\nammonium nitrate, urea, urea ammonium nitrate solutions, ammonium sulfate, and\nfertigation and liquid fertilizers. Its key brands include YaraBela, YaraLiva,\nYaraMila, YaraVera, and YaraVita.\n\nBrowse Related Reports:\n\n * Global Liquid Fertilizer Market 2016-2020\n * Global Fertilizer Spreader Market 2016-2020\n * Fertilizers Market in Thailand 2015-2019\n\nDo you need a report on a market in a specific geographical cluster or country\nbut can’t find what you’re looking for? Don’t worry, Technavio also takes\nclient requests. Please contact enquiry@technavio.com with your requirements\nand our analysts will be happy to create a customized report just for you.\n\nAbout Technavio\n\nTechnavio is a leading global technology research and advisory company. The\ncompany develops over 2000 pieces of research every year, covering more than\n500 technologies across 80 countries. Technavio has about 300 analysts\nglobally who specialize in customized consulting and business research\nassignments across the latest leading edge technologies.\n\nTechnavio analysts employ primary as well as secondary research techniques to\nascertain the size and vendor landscape in a range of markets. Analysts obtain\ninformation using a combination of bottom-up and top-down approaches, besides\nusing in-house market modeling tools and proprietary databases. They\ncorroborate this data with the data obtained from various market participants\nand stakeholders across the value chain, including vendors, service providers,\ndistributors, re-sellers, and end-users.\n\nIf you are interested in more information, please contact our media team at\nmedia@technavio.com.\n\n## Contacts\n\nTechnavio Research Jesse Maida Media & Marketing Executive US: +1 630 333 9501\nUK: +44 208 123 1770 www.technavio.com\n\n## Release Summary\n\nTechnavio has announced the top five leading vendors in their recent global\nwater-soluble fertilizers market report from 2016-2020.\n\n## #Hashtags\n\n * #Research\n * #watersolublefertilizers\n * #Chemicals\n * #Technavio\n * #Fertilizers\n\n## $Cashtags\n\n * $POT\n * $MOS\n\n## Contacts\n\nTechnavio Research Jesse Maida Media & Marketing Executive US: +1 630 333 9501\nUK: +44 208 123 1770 www.technavio.com\n\n## Search\n\n * Log In\n * Sign Up\n\n## Follow Us\n\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n\n## More from Business Wire\n\n * Blog\n * UK/Ireland\n * Deutschland\n * France\n * Hong Kong\n * Italy\n * Japan\n * Tradeshownews.com\n\n## Business Wire Information\n\n * Contact Us\n * UK Tax Strategy\n * Privacy\n * Terms of Use\n * © 2020 Business Wire, Inc.\n\nThis site uses cookies. By continuing to browse this Business Wire site\n(and/or any other Business Wire website), you accept the use of cookies. Learn\nmore\n\nI agree\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://themicrogardener.com/choosing-a-container-the-pros-and-cons-2/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201024032549/https://themicrogardener.com/choosing-a-container-the-pros-and-cons-2/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Choosing a Pot Plant Container",
"passages": [
"New here? I invite you to subscribe to my Free Newsletter for exclusive tips on growing a healthy food garden. As a bonus, you'll get 2 x Herb and Container Gardening eBooks (valued at $10) as Welcome Gifts! Thanks for visiting and ‘dig in’!",
"Looking at micro gardening in a container? If you are confused about what kind of pot or planter to choose, you’re not alone! There are the good, the bad and the ugly out there. I’ve done the research for you and created a Comparison Chart to help you make the best decision on which is the best pot or container for you. Dig in!",
"Financial Cost: There are lots of options on the market if you are looking to buy – from cheap and cheerful to decorative and expensive.",
"Product Life: Think about the longevity of the pot you require. Is it for a short term project? If so, looks may not be important. Or is it something you’re prepared to invest in, as a design feature? Extended durability can mean less consumption of resources.",
"Environmental Impact: Some planter materials and construction processes drain our natural resources. Others have a smaller environmental footprint using less resources. Processes used in manufacture and transport often require significant use of fossil fuels. As a ‘conscious consumer,’ is this important to you? If so, consider making your own pots where possible. Choose pots made from sustainable materials or reuse containers creatively to grow your plants.",
"Time & Energy: If you have limited time, you may want to buy a planter. However, making your own by repurposing a wide range of containers into practical planters, is much easier than you think. See Repurposed Planters for loads of creative and inspiring low-cost ideas.",
"Pros & Cons: You may want to consider some of the advantages and disadvantages of various types of containers before you put your hand in your pocket and go shopping!",
"Your particular situation – there are three key factors which may also influence your decision on which kind of pot to choose.",
"Here’s a comparison tool I have put together that may help make your decision easier. It’s a starting point to weigh up some of the advantages and disadvantages of different types of pots and planters. Dig in!",
"Heat and cool quickly so plant roots and microorganisms are not damaged as easily even when in a sunny location.",
"Come in all shapes, colours and sizes, are made from a variety of different plastics and can be spray painted if desired.",
"However, plastics are petroleum based products. They drain our natural resources so consider the environmental impact – there are other more sustainable choices.",
"There are also health issues associated with some plastics – if you are using plastic pots, try to use the least toxic ones (#2 HDPE, #4 LDPE, and #5 PP). Try to avoid #1, #3 PVC, #6 PS, and #7 polycarbonate especially for food gardens. These can leach chemicals over time.",
"Current research seems to indicate the majority of plant pots are made from polypropylene (#5 or PP – currently one of the safer plastics), however, it’s better to check than assume.",
"The Environmental Working Group (a very useful resource for those concerned about health and toxics in our environment) also recommends discarding scratched or worn plastic containers to avoid leaching of chemicals.",
"They do not tend to last more than a few seasons – as with most plastics, sunlight gradually degrades them and they become fragile. If using them, look for the thicker ones for durability. Keep them under cover when not in use – they’ll last longer.",
"Once broken down, it may be challenging to find a way of reusing them so consider the environmental impact at the end of their life if they have to end up in landfill also.",
"If you want to change your current plastic pots for another alternative, consider taking them to your local recycling centre; or donating them to a community garden or local nursery and perhaps swapping for some free plants or cuttings in exchange.",
"Easily available – most greengrocers, supermarkets and fish mongers are happy to offload them rather than pay for them to be taken away to landfill.",
"Good drainage – most boxes (with the exception of a few sizes including the deeper broccoli boxes) also happen to have great drainage holes.",
"Not particularly attractive – OK if this is not an issue, although they can be painted to suit your tastes.",
"In terms of food safety, it is recommended to only use only new boxes when growing edibles. If they start to degrade or become damaged, it is not advisable to use polystyrene as this material can start to leach toxic chemicals once the mould is compromised. For ornamentals, this may not be an issue.",
"These materials retain heat for long periods – whilst some species may benefit from this, the potting mix can become very hot in sunny positions, killing microorganisms and burning plant roots.",
"These materials are porous so draw moisture from the potting mix and dry out more quickly. Plants require more frequent watering (higher maintenance).",
"Ceramic pots that are often curved in shape at the top make it difficult to repot or change the potting mix.",
"Terracotta is widely available, there are a large variety of shapes and sizes to choose from and the basic unglazed clay pots are not expensive.",
"Clay pots are breakable, and the chards can have sharp edges, so not necessarily a good idea for very young children.",
"Plants put directly inside terracotta and cement pots can stain the outside from the salts and minerals in the soil and water. This can be avoided by painting the inside and bottom with a coat of non-toxic waterproof paint.",
"Concrete planters come in much larger sizes so are suitable for large shrubs and trees but their additional weight may be a consideration in some situations. If this is the case, faux concrete products may be a better option as they are more lightweight.",
"Concrete is a good insulator so suits climates with severe changes in weather because it helps buffer plants and soil from extremes in temperature.",
"Concrete is high in lime which is toxic to many plants. Prior to use, water the pot or trough thoroughly several times and allow the water to drain away each time so excess lime dissipates. Alternatively, allow the concrete planter to sit outdoors in the rain for several weeks so lime can leach out before planting.",
"Some old planters made of natural stone have loads of character, look attractive and very ornamental but tend to be very expensive and heavy.",
"Reconstructed or faux stone containers are cheaper and quite widely available in different sizes and styles. They are also more lightweight.",
"Given the embodied energy used to produce these containers and their long life, they are one of the more environmentally friendly choices.",
"Many stone planters are made from a mix of limestone and lightweight fibreglass so they are more manoeuvrable, durable and waterproof.",
"Production processes for faux stone planters simulate textures and patterns on natural stone so they are very difficult to tell they are not the real thing!",
"Unsuitable for large plants like fruit trees or shrubs as roots work their way into the water reservoir at the bottom, leading to water logging and diseases.",
"Plants that can cope with ‘wet feet’ may be suitable for these types of pots including indoor varieties like Spathiphillum (Peace Lily) and some ferns.",
"Be careful to remove the ‘plug’ at the bottom of the pot if using in an outdoor area that is open to rain or else the pot will fill up and drown.",
"Contain a hidden reservoir that you fill with water and a wick or delivery system to filter it up to the plant.",
"Helpful in situations where space is limited, hard to reach places, hanging baskets with higher maintenance needs or groups of plants where some pots are at the back and hard to water.",
"When heavily exposed to the weather they can heat up and dry out quickly. Keep away from windy positions to prevent rapid drying of the soil which can cause extreme damage to the plant’s root system resulting in a plant fatality or one that has poor foliage and flowers.",
"Available in a wide variety of materials including coconut fibre, synthetic, wrought iron, coated wire and metal that come with natural liners often made out of coir (coconut fibre) or sphagnum moss.",
"Consider the material they are made from – where possible choose natural fibres and sustainable resources which are not detrimental to our environment.",
"Some liners are made out of recycled plastic bottles and are porous with a looser weave – however if you are considering growing food, consider the safety of growing in recycled plastics which may leach toxic chemicals into the soil.",
"After watering, water may drip out the bottom onto another surface so need to be located above other plants to maximise watering or positioned over a surface that does not matter if it gets wet.",
"For food safety, you will need to check which chemical preservative treatments have been used or whether it needs sealing before being used as a container for growing edibles.",
"Not all preservatives are bio-friendly. Older wooden containers may have been treated with chemicals such as CCA which leaches arsenic into the soil, kills insects and is unsuitable for food crops. There are safe alternative timber treatments available for DIY timber preservation but there is additional cost and time involved.",
"The timber used may not be from a sustainable resource. Look for companies creating products from sustainable timber plantations or bamboo.",
"They are very attractive, provide good heat insulation for the soil and can be easy and cheap to make to the exact size you need.",
"Sometimes the wood can split, or the metal bands (in the case of a half-barrel) or nails can go rusty and weaken the structure. Use rust proof nails if making your own container.",
"Container bottoms may rot if they get too moist so they need to be elevated and have adequate drainage. Portable trolleys with castors are a good option for wooden pots and also help with mobility for heavy tubs when filled with soil and plants.",
"To avoid timber rotting, put another pot inside a wooden planter (use as a cache pot) and use only for external decoration or line with heavy duty black plastic with drainage holes. If using black plastic, avoid planting edibles due to possible chemical leaching.",
"Usually a good choice for larger container gardening projects, and one which is easy to paint and add that personal touch to.",
"Do require maintenance with a preservative treatment every year or so. Treat wooden planters with a non-toxic stain, paint or a waterproofing agent. Oil can also help preserve the timber and keep it from drying out.",
"Provide little insulation and heat up rapidly which causes the soil to dry out and increase the possibility of root damage. Use some form of insulation such as a clay or plastic pot liner.",
"Often used as ‘cache pots’— decorative containers which hold a plant in a plastic or less attractive pot inside – also prevents the heat from directly affecting the plant roots.",
"Most metal containers will age gracefully with an aged patina or beautiful colour, although depending on the type of metal, some will rust.",
"Metal is non-porous so drainage is a major consideration. Make sure you are able to drill adequate holes in the container.",
"Weight may be a consideration depending on the type of metal. Cast iron is particularly heavy and may not be suitable for balcony gardens or apartments – check the weight tolerance first or position around the perimeter of the balcony where there is more structural strength.",
"In wet regions such as humid sub-tropical or tropical areas where heavy rainfall is common, outside metal planters may require the addition of a non-toxic rust inhibitor to prevent deterioration in the weather. Otherwise, to keep metal containers looking their best, consider locating them under cover.",
"A relatively new concept for the domestic market, grow bags are strong and very cheap considering the volume they hold.",
"Very compact – they fold up like a shopping bag so easy to transport and due to their flexibility, makes re-potting easy.",
"Have good drainage holes and are strong so can take a wide variety of plants from shallow veggies and herbs to trees.",
"Come in a variety of sizes, colours and shapes. Generally green is the most popular colour but they can be put inside another decorative cache pot if desired for aesthetics.",
"They are specifically designed for food crops such as tomatoes and potatoes but can be adapted for other plants too.",
"Because the soil system is open on the sides on a hanging planter, it can warm much quicker than with plants grown in the ground.",
"The chance of soil borne diseases is reduced as the soil does not splash up on the plants when they are watered.",
"Heavy weight due to the large volume of potting mix in these planters. After water is added they can get too heavy to carry or hang.",
"The size of the bag has to be relatively small so it is light enough to carry and hang so the root system is smaller than a tomato plant grown in the ground. Smaller determinate varieties of tomatoes for example need to be selected rather than large ones that won’t grow well in these conditions.",
"The root system is exposed to evaporation on several sides so in the warmer summer months you may need to water daily to keep a large tomato plant going.",
"Decorative ornamental containers used for holding and concealing ordinary cheap or unattractive grow pot(s) – often flowers but can be used for any plant.",
"Slightly larger containers – Ideal for temporary displays of potted colour or for positioning plants in less than ideal locations e.g. sun-loving flowers in a shady spot or indoor table decorations. This concept is suitable for rotating plants from indoors back outside for a short period and then returning them to the cachepot. Cyclamen flowers are a good example.",
"Potted colour (e.g. flowering annuals like pansies) can even manage to flower for a short period in temporary shade. Just rotate from sitting in a cachepot in a shady spot and move to a sunny position every few days. Swap with a replacement pot of flowers and then reverse so flowers are not deprived of sun for too long.",
"Aesthetic value – cachepots give the plant a “finished look” – Plants can be replaced if you don’t like the look or the way the plant is performing.",
"Plant and the roots are not disturbed, no mess to change the look and no heavy pots to move around.",
"Pots without drain holes can be used and cachepots can hold a saucer for excess water that drains out of the grow pot.",
"If the decorative cachepot is too tall for the interior grow pot, a piece of Styrofoam in the bottom of the cachepot will raise the plant and assist drainage.",
"Usually unsuitable plant containers such as lightweight, inexpensive and attractive woven baskets can be lined with plastic and become cachepots.",
"At the end of the day, all containers have pros and cons. Next time you’re considering buying, repurposing or making your own container, hopefully these guidelines will help you make a better choice. You may also enjoy reading Choose Safe Containers for Growing Food.",
"Looking for more information on pots? Check out some Tips for Growing a Garden in Pots, 5 Thrifty Recycling Ideas for making your own and consider the Benefits of Using Repurposed Planters. You will also find lots of tips in the Container Gardening category of free articles.",
"Have about 40 food grade plastic jugs – they were used to hold 12% sodium hypochlorite – aka bleach... They were free... We cut the tops off them & drilled holes for drainage & cleaned them thoroughly... We have turned them into 5 gallon plant pots... We have not put soil in them as of yet... After all this work we did – I am pretty sure that they are food safe – that it is safe to use them to plant tomatoes in... Can you help confirm this... I want to make sure that I haven’t made a mistake & I have my info correct that bleach isn’t going to leech into the soil & plants... Also what can be used as an inexpensive liner – can one use black plastic garbage bags as liners?",
"Your list of plastics to avoid includes #6 PS (polystyrene), but then two rows down you list expanded polystyrene as a usable plastic... Why the contradiction?",
"* Anne Gibson September 26, 2019 at 5:36 pm - Reply\nThanks for your question regarding the section detailing pros and cons of White Polystyrene (foam) boxes – also known as EP or expanded polystyrene. According to the research I’ve done to date, if the polystyrene is contained in a new and undamaged food grade moulded box, the styrene is unlikely to leach for some time. The article states “In terms of food safety, it is recommended to only use only NEW EP boxes when growing edibles. If they start to degrade or become damaged, it is not advisable to use polystyrene as this material can start to leach toxic chemicals once the mould is compromised. For ornamentals, this may not be an issue.” So, it’s a matter of timing and also depends on your climate. In tropical and subtropical climates where there is heat and moisture, these boxes may degrade faster than in cooler, drier climates. These are all factors to weigh up! For some people where budget is a major issue, they may be the cheapest short-term solution. I hope this helps clarify the information for you.",
"* Anne Gibson June 3, 2018 at 6:03 pm - Reply\nI haven’t addressed airpots because they are not universally available and are more commonly used by commercial growers rather than home gardeners. Pots that allow air pruning do have advantages for sure. Thanks for your suggestion.",
"Thank you, for making me decide which flower pot to use. Well I am going for the plastic ones thank you again.",
"Hello! I really enjoyed your article and it was quite helpful! Can you or anyone help???? I have been looking on the internet for ever trying to find inexpensive hand painted and/or Relief Porcelain Cachepots (5′′ to 10′′ diameter) to display my plants indoor to no avail. Everything that pops up is Vintage or Antique!!! Pricey!! Any leads to Online Stores?",
"* Anne Gibson March 27, 2017 at 5:43 am - Reply\nHi Geneva, sorry can’t help with that one. Just try Googling! Best of luck. Anne",
"Thanks so much for this article. I have a wide collection of varying material pots and am never sure what to use for new plants. I have a number of houseplants but they don’t seem to do well in plastic pots. Any thoughts? I’ve also picked up some bamboo pots. What is your experience with those? Many thanks.",
"I am guessing your houseplants may not be thriving because of the POTTING MIX you are using, rather than the plastic pots! If you are using a bagged potting mix, this quickly repels water. So your plants can’t access the moisture or nutrients they need, causing them to become weak and attract pests and diseases. This is a really common problem. Check out my article on Easy DIY Potting Mix for more information and tips that may help you if you think this could be a contributing factor.",
"Bamboo pots are a more sustainable alternative to plastic. I am not sure of the longevity of your particular pots as they are all made differently, but I’m all for supporting natural and sustainable products rather than petro- chemicals that are damaging to the environment. Hope this helps.",
"I like how you mentioned the importance of product life when choosing a container for planting things. I’ve been thinking it would be fun to have a small collection of planters in front of my house with various flowers in them. I think it would be fun to find a container that’s decorative, but I’ll make sure to consider the product life so I choose something that will last.",
"There’s a contradiction in this article – it says avoid plastic #6 (PS) but there’s a section on the benefits of using foam boxes which is #6 ....",
"* Anne Gibson January 13, 2017 at 7:48 pm - Reply\nHi Shyam, thanks for pointing this out. I have updated this page to reflect more detailed information relating to #6 plastics including polystyrene. This material does have some advantages for food gardens IF the boxes are new and undamaged, based on extensive research I’ve done to date. To the best of my knowledge, the issue with leaching of styrene occurs when the molding is damaged and/or starts to breakdown. It is apparently rendered inert when contained within the original mold. The advantages of polystyrene boxes are listed in this comparison table for the benefit of readers to weigh up all the pros and cons in their own individual situations. The issues with PS may not be a negative factor for some gardeners, especially if they are growing ornamentals or only have access to that material where they live and have a limited budget. Thanks again for the feedback!",
"Hi again Anne After discovering the potential hazards of leaching benzene etc from planting veggies in polystyrene boxes (which are painted on the outside with Dulux Weatherguard but uncoated on the inside), I have found a product which can be used to seal the inside of the polystyrene boxes.",
"The product is made by a company called Crommelin, and is safe for use in potable water applications. The technical person I spoke with has assured me that if two coats are applied to the inside of the polystyrene box, and it is allowed to cure for 7 days before adding damp soil, then there will be no leaching of anything from the box into the soil. Coverage is 0.75 square metres per litre, and it can be purchased from Bunning, or direct from Crommelin if larger quantities are required.",
"This is a huge relief for me as I have based my veggie garden on these boxes, and was loathe to have to start again.....",
"I look forward to any comments you may have, and I hope this is helpful to someone else Thanks for a wonderfully informative and thought provoking site Cheers Louise",
"See my last comment re the Crommelin product. You may want to consider looking at the other product suggested as an alternative. I haven’t done any research into it other than requesting the Material Safety Data Sheet which I haven’t yet received.",
"It takes some ‘digging’ to find suitable safer alternatives, but that’s what I encourage on this site. Hopefully we can make more informed choices and grow a healthy garden as a result.",
"Hi, Nice presentation. Are there affordable clay and other planters that do not contain lead (in the clay and/or the glaze)? Most of the beautiful planters I’ve seen lately are from China, Vietnam, etc. Have any of these suppliers been vetted for producing planters for indoor fruits and vegetables? If so, please pass a retail link along if possible. Thanks.",
"I haven’t done recent research on ‘lead free’ pots but try a Google search using these terms or ‘safe for food’. These are a few links that may help:",
"You can test pottery for lead. Lead-testing kits are sold in hardware stores and online and often come with swabs and instructions. They won’t damage the pottery. With most, the swab will change colours if lead leaches onto the swab. If a test reveals a positive result for leachable lead, obviously it won’t be suitable for cooking, serving, or storing food or drinks, or growing food. Unfortunately, no amount of washing, boiling, or other process can remove lead from pottery. This is one lead testing kit I’m aware of that is suitable for testing many surfaces including pottery.",
"At the top of this page you have a bunch of purple clay pots. I need to get a note to the company who makes these. I need clay imported from France. I need shallow but very wide mouth pots. I am looking to have sets of two made and ten sets of each. I need them to have on one set hands, on one set feet and on one set teeth or mouths with teeth. Beautiful but cute their artist are free to design whatever they feel is attractive. If this company has contacts from around the world I would need green/purple from Italy, orange/red/yellow from Germany, Red from England, Purple/red from China, red from Scotland all with the same kind of design. My card is secured for this reason you will need to contact Master Card’s secured card department, asking for Jasmine seems to help. DEBIT ONLY There is a ten thousand dollar gift for all who help get this to us as soon as you can just let Jasmine know if your and your delivery staff make up 20 people till her the gift is times twenty. I do ask that their boxes note which nation they were imported form. Master Card 5114950005949951 security code 149 EX: There is none. Ship to 41Country Rte19 Hudson NY 12534.and90 N. Second St. Hudson NY 12534. I would like if they could to sun bake and glaze only the out side if they could and fill the inside with dirt to match the color clay. If they cannot I will take about 50 lbs. of clay and glaze and dirt but understand I am not artistic at all and need their artist help.The slow cooker uses a purple clay. Thank you and have a wonderful life 🙂 http://www.globalmarket.com/product-info/natural-purple-clay-slow- cooker-214243.html If you scroll down you will see a face the clay used is purple. http://www.binghamheritage.org.uk/history_of_bingham/roman/",
"I’m looking into these planters and read the review saying it’s got materials known to cause cancer. Do you think that’s the basket itself or the coconut liner? http://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/B002YG8FLY/ref=mp_s_a_1_1?qid=1422200478&sr=8-1&pi=AC_SY200_QL40&dpPl=1&dpID=41VATiaTRnL&ref=plSrch",
"* Anne Gibson January 26, 2015 at 12:39 pm - Reply\nHi Jennifer It’s hard to tell without contacting the manufacturer. Looks like it’s produced in China so I am guessing it is treated with chemicals during the quarantine/importing process. Here’s an example of New Zealand standards which require either heat treatment or with Ethylene oxide. This is because some coir peat products that have been imported have contained foreign weed seeds – See ‘Weed Biosecurity Breach Through Coco Peat Imports‘. In Australia, the approved treatments for imported coir products may include methyl bromide. Countries have strict import requirements to prevent such occurrences but the standards may include chemical treatments. According to EWG (Environmental Working Group), Ethylene oxide is a known carcinogen amongst other things. I can’t make any recommendations other than to suggest you do further due diligence if considering this product. Perhaps you can source a locally produced product instead?",
"Could you please advise me what type of paint is the best to paint the outside of Styrofoam boxes. Do they need to be coated with some sort of paint sealer first? Thank you for a very informative site.",
"I use a non-toxic acrylic water-based craft paint for painting polystyrene boxes. You have to do your homework with the brand as many types of paints are solvent-based and will literally eat away at the polystyrene surface (as I found out the hard way!!)",
"* Anne Gibson October 29, 2014 at 8:51 am - Reply\nHi Safna, it would depend on which vegetables you are planning to put together and in what size/type of container. Some vegies need more personal space to grow than others and do better if given their own large pot (e.g. tomatoes). Small shallow rooted leafy greens like lettuce though, can share a container. Check out my post on spacing common vegetables and herbs for more tips.",
"Your site is very much informative and enlightening, however, i’ve a problem with your comparative analysis of concrete pots vs plastic pots in respect of environmental friendliness and other planting considerations. Your analysis sound more like one trying to promote plastic pots.",
"* Anne Gibson October 10, 2014 at 9:40 pm - Reply\nHi Martin thanks for your feedback. This list is not meant to be exhaustive, but just a starting point to help people consider some of their options. I encourage readers to do their own due diligence into what might be suitable for their personal choices and environmental values. I don’t promote one type of container material over another, and most certainly not plastic! These are just personal observations and research I’ve done to date. I’m happy to look into concrete further if you could provide more specific information regarding your comment.",
"I have some terracotta pots that my kids painted for me. They used a gluten free eco paint and I would like to seal this on the pot. I am planting aloe that we consume in it and want to know what I can use to seal the paint on that will not leach into the soil of the plant. I plan on using olive or coconut oil on the inside to help water from going through a little. But mostly I don’t want the paint to rinse off the outside when I water the plants.",
"* Anne Gibson August 4, 2014 at 1:26 pm - Reply\nHi Tara I haven’t used the GF eco paint so not sure exactly what sort of sealer would be suitable. Perhaps you could contact the manufacturer and find out if they also make a zero or low VOC sealer? Or use your painted pot as a cachepot (decorative outer pot) & actually plant the aloe vera into a smaller pot inside it so it won’t matter if you use a chemical-based sealer. Hope this helps with some options.",
"I am looking into what pots to use for our vegetable garden since at our current house we do not have space to put a garden in the ground. I heard somewhere that clay could be contaminated with heavy metals and pesticides depending on where they come from... Is this true? I was considering using clay/terracotta because I have some chemically sensitive people in my family and it seemed like a better option than plastic. Drainage/heat is not an issue, btw.",
"Clay/unfired terracotta has a porous surface, so can absorb chemicals and toxic heavy metals if present. In fact, bentonite clay is used to detox pesticides and heavy metals from the body. You don’t mention where you are concerned heavy metals or pesticides may contaminate your garden so I have addressed this below.",
"As you have chemically sensitive family members, I suggest you consider not only the pot, but also what kind of soil and soil amendments you use i.e. try to use certified organic where possible and research the source of all other inputs. I would also recommend adding zeolite to your potting mix as it helps bind toxic metals and renders them inert. An insurance policy of sorts. I use this in my garden and add to my potting mix. It stays in the soil forever so is an economical investment in soil + human health.",
"Another consideration is your yard/environment. If you are concerned about chemicals, then I assume you won’t be using them in any form e.g. fertilizers, herbicides etc. This also means thinking about each aspect of your garden – not just the pot. Source non-chemically treated seeds/seedlings, safe containers, make your own potting mix with ingredients you are happy with and add minerals to your soil for plant and human health. There are many on the market but look for OMRI on the packaging if in the US or certified organic in your country of origin.",
"i was looking to start a small indoor herb garden. i am really keen for this to be as organic as possible starting with using the most food safe pots! i was wondering if i could use glass jars, bigger versions though more like glass food storage jars? would that work?",
"* Anne Gibson May 13, 2014 at 7:54 am - Reply\nHi Rhona There are a few things to know when considering what kind of containers to grow your food in. Here are 2 articles which will explain the basics and this should help you make more informed decisions. 1. Choose Safe Containers for Growing Food 2. 3 Key Factors to Consider When Choosing Pots. Glass, whilst clean and hygienic won’t offer you drainage holes and this is critical. I encourage you to think creatively about what you CAN repurpose as containers from your home – there are plenty of suggestions and inspiration on this site. See the Articles Category on Container Ideas. Hope this helps. 🙂",
"Greetings Anne! I have a question that’s semi-related to what you’ve posted here. My wife is making Gourds and wants to plant edible plants inside of them. The kicker is we need something to insulate the Gourd so it doesn’t rot. Is there a “spray on plastic” or rubber that we can use to spray coat the interior of the Gourd, or is there a better approach? Also, what can we use that is guaranteed to NOT leak poisons and carcinogens into the soil and plant? Essentially we’re looking for a green solution to prevent the Gourds from rotting while we plant herbs and other things that we eat in them.",
"* Anne Gibson April 28, 2014 at 2:41 pm - Reply\nHi David, if your gourds are properly cured/dried, do you need to line them with anything? It’s a great idea to use them as temporary container gardens – much like a coconut shell or other natural material. You could try lining one with pure beeswax to see if that helps preserve it somewhat. Or perhaps weed mat cut to size.",
"In any case, you still need drainage holes to release any excess moisture. If you choose your herbs carefully and only plant those that prefer drier soil (e.g. thyme and rosemary), then perhaps it wouldn’t be too much of an issue? Or perhaps use them to grow succulents that need very little water.",
"Or, depending on the shape and opening, perhaps you could use your gourds as cachepots? Outer decorative pots with smaller containers inside them.",
"Alternatively, you could try emailing the American Gourd Society [rehmje@valkyrie.net] to see if their members have a solution to this!",
"Hope this helps give you some ideas. Let me know what you decide to do – and what works! I’d love to see a pic if you’d like to send me one to share.",
"I was wondering what you think are the pros and cons of using Fiberglass planters? As a sales rep for plantplanters.com I am constantly being asked about the durability of Fiberglass planters for planting trees, for instance. I always recommend to my customers to contact a gardening specialist for selecting plants and for recommendations for planting in a fiberglass planter so not to damage the planter, but I feel like it would benefit me to understand this too so I can help.",
"I conducted a search on Google to try and locate this information and your article above is exactly what I was looking for, but there is no mention of fiberglass planters. Do you have an opinion on planting in these types of planters? Any insight would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.",
"* Anne Gibson April 28, 2014 at 2:47 pm - Reply\nI haven’t read any research studies on fibreglass planters Gina. Perhaps you should contact the manufacturer of the pots and ask if they are manufactured with a food-grade coating on their interior surface?",
"You briefly mention glazed pots. They certainly look nicer, especially where a person may have limited space for growing such as a patio, or interior use. However, I have concerns about toxic elements such as lead that may have been used in the glazing process. I have a few inexpensive containers that are only glazed on the outside but a few drops of water on the inside shows they are porous and I wonder what may come through? A number of web sites suggest various sealants but I am not sure if I trust any of these. Perhaps for decorative plants but not for containers producing edibles. I may end up buying plastic pots and putting them inside the ceramic ones.",
"Yes I agree with you – glazed pots are decorative and can be long lasting if well cared for but you raise a valid point about possible leaching of toxic substances.",
"According to Digitalfire Ceramics article ‘Are Your Glazes Food Safe or are They Leachable?‘, “If a glaze is made from harmless materials like silica, dolomite, kaolin, feldspar, whiting, ball clay, etc. leaching is only a functional and aesthetic issue. But if the glaze employs metallic colorants (other than iron) or other minerals containing lithium, barium, lead, chrome, etc. then safety and legal liability becomes a concern.",
"The likelihood of leaching is not just a matter of whether the ingredients used to make a glaze are dangerous. The issue is complex, involving the ways in which the materials are prepared and fired and the formulations that are used. It is possible to use toxic materials safely and it is possible to compromise an otherwise safe glaze by unbalanced mixtures.”",
"The quality of the glazes, whether they have been tested or not, and their source of origin can all influence the safety of glazed pots. The University of Rochester Medical Center raises some interesting points in ‘Ceramics: Pretty, and Maybe Poisonous‘.",
"If you are not certain the glazed pots you have are food safe, I agree with the solutions you suggest. Use the glazed pots as cachepots by inserting a smaller food grade pot inside; use for non-edibles/ornamentals or research sealants. See my post on Choosing Safe Containers for Growing Food for more information and tips including safe plastics.",
"I’ve only read two of your articles and I have concluded that this is probably the most informative and useful gardening site that I have yet to run across and I have been reading and trying to get up the nerve to try this for well over two years. One of my issues has been lack of supplies and the first article that I read stated how to go to the market and ask for the foam boxes. I don’t know yet if this is feasible here, but at least I have a viable starting point. I hope this works and I can mark off containers and proceed from there. I think I can afford the seed and will have to start saving to get the supplies for the mix, but I’m beginning to believe I can do this...with your help! lol I have gotten excited before after reading a website, but then when I wanted to purchase it was cost prohibitive. I think your website just may be what people like me need... Thank you very much; your work is highly appreciated! Stay Blessed and a Blessing",
"* The Micro Gardener May 1, 2013 at 8:14 am - Reply\nHi Deitra Thank you so much for your lovely comment – it truly made my day! And certainly one of the most rewarding aspects of sharing what I do is hearing that this helps people around the world become more self-reliant to grow their own food without it costing an arm and a leg. Take little steps and NEVER give up on your goal to grow your own small garden. The rewards are SO worth it. Love and blessing to you too. 🙂",
"I have some large containers with plastic inserts with taps on, they say they contained formaldehyde and phenol hydroxide the numbers 888 on and corrosive “something”. Friends using as veg planters which is what I wanted to do but the formaldehyde is a bit worrying? Was told to give good wash once & cut the tops out of them! Will this be ok?",
"* The Micro Gardener October 15, 2012 at 10:51 am - Reply\nHi Penny It sounds like you are considering repurposing a plastic container for use as a planter – here are some guidelines that you might find helpful to consider when choosing planters for growing food. I personally would recommend only using food grade containers or materials you feel comfortable with after doing your due diligence. The label does sound concerning to me and I’d probably steer clear of growing food in anything that may contaminate the soil or food. Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen (Class A = worst kind) and can leach from many everyday materials including plastics (they off gas or release toxic fumes particularly when they are new). You may want to do your own research on phenol hydroxide (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenol) and whether this poses any dangers in your particular plastic container. If it also contains a corrosive substance (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosive_substance) I would avoid it too. Hope this helps. 🙂",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Choosing a Pot Plant Container - The Pros and Cons - The Micro Gardener\n\nSkip to content\n\n# Choosing a Pot Plant Container – The Pros and Cons\n\nTweet\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\n1K Shares\n\nNew here? I invite you to subscribe to my Free Newsletter for exclusive tips\non growing a healthy food garden. As a bonus, you'll get 2 x Herb and\nContainer Gardening eBooks (valued at $10) as Welcome Gifts! Thanks for\nvisiting and ‘dig in’!\n\nWelcome back! Have you visited the free Article Library? You'll also find\nhelpful Gardening Guides here. Dig in!\n\n### All Pots Aren’t Created Equal!\n\nLooking at micro gardening in a container? If you are confused about what kind\nof pot or planter to choose, you’re not alone! There are the good, the bad and\nthe ugly out there. I’ve done the research for you and created a Comparison\nChart to help you make the best decision on which is the best pot or container\nfor you. Dig in!\n\n### A few points to consider:\n\n * Financial Cost: There are lots of options on the market if you are looking to buy – from cheap and cheerful to decorative and expensive.\n\n * Product Life: Think about the longevity of the pot you require. Is it for a short term project? If so, looks may not be important. Or is it something you’re prepared to invest in, as a design feature? Extended durability can mean less consumption of resources.\n\n * Environmental Impact: Some planter materials and construction processes drain our natural resources. Others have a smaller environmental footprint using less resources. Processes used in manufacture and transport often require significant use of fossil fuels. As a ‘conscious consumer,’ is this important to you? If so, consider making your own pots where possible. Choose pots made from sustainable materials or reuse containers creatively to grow your plants.\n\n * Time & Energy: If you have limited time, you may want to buy a planter. However, making your own by repurposing a wide range of containers into practical planters, is much easier than you think. See Repurposed Planters for loads of creative and inspiring low-cost ideas.\n\n * Pros & Cons: You may want to consider some of the advantages and disadvantages of various types of containers before you put your hand in your pocket and go shopping!\n\n * Your particular situation – there are three key factors which may also influence your decision on which kind of pot to choose.\n\nAffiliate Links: Your support of this site is appreciated!\n\n### Pros & Cons of Containers Comparison Chart\n\nHere’s a comparison tool I have put together that may help make your decision\neasier. It’s a starting point to weigh up some of the advantages and\ndisadvantages of different types of pots and planters. Dig in!\n\nPots & Containers| Advantages & Disadvantages \n---|--- \n \nPlastic pots (light coloured)\n\nLightweight plastic pots heat and cool quickly and minimise root damage in hot\nweather.\n\n|\n\n * Generally cheap. Often available for very low cost from recycling centres or garage sales.\n * Heat and cool quickly so plant roots and microorganisms are not damaged as easily even when in a sunny location.\n * Generally have more drainage holes than terracotta, ceramic and concrete pots.\n * Easy to drill additional holes in base if needed.\n * Lightweight, so suitable for balconies and decks where weight is a consideration.\n * Come in all shapes, colours and sizes, are made from a variety of different plastics and can be spray painted if desired.\n * For younger children, they may be a safer alternative to the standard breakable clay pot.\n * They keep the moisture in but don’t store any reserve themselves, unlike ceramics and terracotta.\n * However, plastics are petroleum based products. They drain our natural resources so consider the environmental impact – there are other more sustainable choices.\n * There are also health issues associated with some plastics – if you are using plastic pots, try to use the least toxic ones (#2 HDPE, #4 LDPE, and #5 PP). Try to avoid #1, #3 PVC, #6 PS, and #7 polycarbonate especially for food gardens. These can leach chemicals over time.\n * Current research seems to indicate the majority of plant pots are made from polypropylene (#5 or PP – currently one of the safer plastics), however, it’s better to check than assume.\n * The Environmental Working Group (a very useful resource for those concerned about health and toxics in our environment) also recommends discarding scratched or worn plastic containers to avoid leaching of chemicals.\n * They do not tend to last more than a few seasons – as with most plastics, sunlight gradually degrades them and they become fragile. If using them, look for the thicker ones for durability. Keep them under cover when not in use – they’ll last longer.\n * Once broken down, it may be challenging to find a way of reusing them so consider the environmental impact at the end of their life if they have to end up in landfill also.\n * If you want to change your current plastic pots for another alternative, consider taking them to your local recycling centre; or donating them to a community garden or local nursery and perhaps swapping for some free plants or cuttings in exchange.\n\n \nBlack plastic pots|\n\n * Heat up quickly and provide little insulation.\n * Avoid using in full sun in hot climates with heat-sensitive plants.\n * OK to use in shady positions or for plants that need soil warmth.\n\n \n \nWhite Polystyrene (foam) boxes – new & undamaged\n\n(Food grade) – also known as EP or expanded polystyrene boxes\n\nWhite polystyrene boxes can be painted to make them more attractive as micro\ngardens\n\n|\n\n * Provide great insulation – have excellent thermal properties.\n * White colour reflects light/heat so helps insulate plant roots. Useful in hot climates.\n * Cheap (usually free) from greengrocers.\n * Easily available – most greengrocers, supermarkets and fish mongers are happy to offload them rather than pay for them to be taken away to landfill.\n * Useful for when visual appeal is not a priority – or just paint/decorate them (use non-toxic, no VOC paint).\n * Deep (like broccoli boxes) provide some level of insulation but shallow boxes can get hot.\n * Good drainage – most boxes (with the exception of a few sizes including the deeper broccoli boxes) also happen to have great drainage holes.\n * Lightweight – easy to transport and stack.\n * Durable – they are stable and last well even in hot sunny climates.\n * Easy to clean – just need a wipe down with a wet cloth or hose.\n * Come in a variety of sizes and depths so you can choose which best meets your particular needs.\n * Not particularly attractive – OK if this is not an issue, although they can be painted to suit your tastes.\n * Reusing these boxes helps keep them out of landfill and is kinder to our environment.\n * In terms of food safety, it is recommended to only use only new boxes when growing edibles. If they start to degrade or become damaged, it is not advisable to use polystyrene as this material can start to leach toxic chemicals once the mould is compromised. For ornamentals, this may not be an issue.\n\n \n \nTerracotta, ceramic and concrete pots that usually only have one hole in the\nbase.\n\nClay pots are porous but breakable and have a lot of pros and cons to\nconsider.\n\n|\n\n * These materials generally offer more visually appealing options in terms of colour and design.\n * Provide inadequate drainage for most species of plants.\n * You have to drill additional holes in the base without breaking the pot!\n * Lightweight terracotta pots tend to be more breakable and chip easily.\n * Prone to cracking when soil freezes and expands in cold-weather zones.\n * These materials retain heat for long periods – whilst some species may benefit from this, the potting mix can become very hot in sunny positions, killing microorganisms and burning plant roots.\n * These materials are porous so draw moisture from the potting mix and dry out more quickly. Plants require more frequent watering (higher maintenance).\n * Re-potting can be a major challenge to avoid breaking the pots.\n * Ceramic pots that are often curved in shape at the top make it difficult to repot or change the potting mix.\n * Glazed ceramic pots tend to be heavy and are waterproof so hold moisture better.\n * Terracotta is widely available, there are a large variety of shapes and sizes to choose from and the basic unglazed clay pots are not expensive.\n * Unglazed clay pots are perfect for children to paint.\n * They absorb mineral salts and may produce a white crusty build-up on the outside.\n * Clay pots are breakable, and the chards can have sharp edges, so not necessarily a good idea for very young children.\n * Plants put directly inside terracotta and cement pots can stain the outside from the salts and minerals in the soil and water. This can be avoided by painting the inside and bottom with a coat of non-toxic waterproof paint.\n * They are bottom heavy (weight is generally at the base) so suitable for windy sites.\n * Concrete planters come in much larger sizes so are suitable for large shrubs and trees but their additional weight may be a consideration in some situations. If this is the case, faux concrete products may be a better option as they are more lightweight.\n * There are a number of environmental issues associated with concrete products.\n * Concrete is a good insulator so suits climates with severe changes in weather because it helps buffer plants and soil from extremes in temperature.\n * Concrete is porous so may need sealing and should be properly cured to avoid impacting the soil alkalinity.\n * Concrete is high in lime which is toxic to many plants. Prior to use, water the pot or trough thoroughly several times and allow the water to drain away each time so excess lime dissipates. Alternatively, allow the concrete planter to sit outdoors in the rain for several weeks so lime can leach out before planting.\n * Clay has been used for thousands of years and is generally considered to be a sustainable resource.\n\n \n \nStone containers\n\nStone containers are solid and stable.\n\n|\n\n * Some old planters made of natural stone have loads of character, look attractive and very ornamental but tend to be very expensive and heavy.\n * Reconstructed or faux stone containers are cheaper and quite widely available in different sizes and styles. They are also more lightweight.\n * They are solid, have good heat insulation and last a long, long time.\n * Given the embodied energy used to produce these containers and their long life, they are one of the more environmentally friendly choices.\n * Genuine stone ages beautifully with changes in colour.\n * Breakable and heavier to move around.\n * Many stone planters are made from a mix of limestone and lightweight fibreglass so they are more manoeuvrable, durable and waterproof.\n * Production processes for faux stone planters simulate textures and patterns on natural stone so they are very difficult to tell they are not the real thing!\n\n \n \nSelf-watering pots\n\nSelf watering pots usually have a reservoir system in the base\n\n|\n\n * Unsuitable for large plants like fruit trees or shrubs as roots work their way into the water reservoir at the bottom, leading to water logging and diseases.\n * More suitable for hanging basket situations that receive ventilation and are likely to dry out quickly.\n * Are usually lightweight so may be useful where pot weight is a consideration.\n * Plants that can cope with ‘wet feet’ may be suitable for these types of pots including indoor varieties like Spathiphillum (Peace Lily) and some ferns.\n * Be careful to remove the ‘plug’ at the bottom of the pot if using in an outdoor area that is open to rain or else the pot will fill up and drown.\n * Handy for people who are busy, away a lot or forgetful gardeners.\n * Contain a hidden reservoir that you fill with water and a wick or delivery system to filter it up to the plant.\n * Useful for smaller plants that may have to be watered more than once a day.\n * Helpful in situations where space is limited, hard to reach places, hanging baskets with higher maintenance needs or groups of plants where some pots are at the back and hard to water.\n * Can be more expensive for the initial outlay but benefits may outweigh this cost.\n * Help reduce the frequency of plant waterings but won’t eliminate them!\n * Again, these containers are most often made of plastic so consider the environmental impact of this choice.\n\n \n \nHanging & wall mounted baskets\n\nHanging baskets help make the most of vertical space and can provide shade and\nprivacy.\n\n|\n\n * Generally inexpensive to buy, the framework is usually made from plastic-coated wire which makes them light and rustproof.\n * When heavily exposed to the weather they can heat up and dry out quickly. Keep away from windy positions to prevent rapid drying of the soil which can cause extreme damage to the plant’s root system resulting in a plant fatality or one that has poor foliage and flowers.\n * For long term rust prevention and to make them both attractive, some baskets are powder coated inside.\n * Available in a wide variety of materials including coconut fibre, synthetic, wrought iron, coated wire and metal that come with natural liners often made out of coir (coconut fibre) or sphagnum moss.\n * Consider the material they are made from – where possible choose natural fibres and sustainable resources which are not detrimental to our environment.\n * Some liners are made out of recycled plastic bottles and are porous with a looser weave – however if you are considering growing food, consider the safety of growing in recycled plastics which may leach toxic chemicals into the soil.\n * After watering, water may drip out the bottom onto another surface so need to be located above other plants to maximise watering or positioned over a surface that does not matter if it gets wet.\n * Available in self-watering designs with a water reservoir at the bottom, reducing the frequency of watering needed.\n\n \n \nWooden window and planter boxes and containers\n\nWooden containers are usually attractive but have maintenance and\nenvironmental issues to consider.\n\n|\n\n * Usually light-mid weight depending on the dimensions of the planter and type of wood.\n * Add heaps of character and are available in a wide variety of timbers and colours.\n * Are very functional when combined with other garden features like bench seats, trellises and storage.\n * Can be painted or made with pressure-treated woods, for a longer useful life.\n * For food safety, you will need to check which chemical preservative treatments have been used or whether it needs sealing before being used as a container for growing edibles.\n * Not all preservatives are bio-friendly. Older wooden containers may have been treated with chemicals such as CCA which leaches arsenic into the soil, kills insects and is unsuitable for food crops. There are safe alternative timber treatments available for DIY timber preservation but there is additional cost and time involved.\n * The timber used may not be from a sustainable resource. Look for companies creating products from sustainable timber plantations or bamboo.\n * Can be bought both ready made and finished, or as DIY kits.\n * They are very attractive, provide good heat insulation for the soil and can be easy and cheap to make to the exact size you need.\n * Help insulate plant roots from the sun and too much heat.\n * Sometimes the wood can split, or the metal bands (in the case of a half-barrel) or nails can go rusty and weaken the structure. Use rust proof nails if making your own container.\n * Timber is a natural resource so some pest insects may take up residence.\n * Container bottoms may rot if they get too moist so they need to be elevated and have adequate drainage. Portable trolleys with castors are a good option for wooden pots and also help with mobility for heavy tubs when filled with soil and plants.\n * To avoid timber rotting, put another pot inside a wooden planter (use as a cache pot) and use only for external decoration or line with heavy duty black plastic with drainage holes. If using black plastic, avoid planting edibles due to possible chemical leaching.\n * Relatively durable and unlikely to break, they stand up to the cold well.\n * Usually a good choice for larger container gardening projects, and one which is easy to paint and add that personal touch to.\n * Do require maintenance with a preservative treatment every year or so. Treat wooden planters with a non-toxic stain, paint or a waterproofing agent. Oil can also help preserve the timber and keep it from drying out.\n * Untreated wooden planters will lose their visual appeal and eventually rot in time.\n * Rot resistant timbers like redwood and cedar don’t require painting.\n\n \n \nMetal containers\n\nMetal containers can add character but be aware they heat up too if in direct\nsun during hot weather.\n\n|\n\n * Are usually attractive and very decorative.\n * Are durable – won’t chip, crack or break.\n * Provide little insulation and heat up rapidly which causes the soil to dry out and increase the possibility of root damage. Use some form of insulation such as a clay or plastic pot liner.\n * Avoid the old-fashioned toxic lead planters if you have small children or you want to grow vegetables.\n * Often used as ‘cache pots’— decorative containers which hold a plant in a plastic or less attractive pot inside – also prevents the heat from directly affecting the plant roots.\n * Most metal containers will age gracefully with an aged patina or beautiful colour, although depending on the type of metal, some will rust.\n * Metal is non-porous so drainage is a major consideration. Make sure you are able to drill adequate holes in the container.\n * Weight may be a consideration depending on the type of metal. Cast iron is particularly heavy and may not be suitable for balcony gardens or apartments – check the weight tolerance first or position around the perimeter of the balcony where there is more structural strength.\n * In wet regions such as humid sub-tropical or tropical areas where heavy rainfall is common, outside metal planters may require the addition of a non-toxic rust inhibitor to prevent deterioration in the weather. Otherwise, to keep metal containers looking their best, consider locating them under cover.\n\n \n \nGrow bags\n\nGrow bags are cheap and lightweight and easy for renters to pick up and move.\n\n|\n\n * A relatively new concept for the domestic market, grow bags are strong and very cheap considering the volume they hold.\n * Are lightweight and many have handles so are easy to move.\n * Are UV resistant (usually made from woven UV treated polypropylene) which makes them quite durable.\n * Very compact – they fold up like a shopping bag so easy to transport and due to their flexibility, makes re-potting easy.\n * Have good drainage holes and are strong so can take a wide variety of plants from shallow veggies and herbs to trees.\n * Come in a variety of sizes, colours and shapes. Generally green is the most popular colour but they can be put inside another decorative cache pot if desired for aesthetics.\n * Can lean a bit if the soil potting mix is not well watered in.\n * Generally regarded as a temporary home for plants.\n * Particularly suit renters who need a portable garden when they move house.\n\n \n \nUpside-down grow bags\n\nUpside down planters are a popular space saving growing system particularly\nfor edible plants like tomatoes.\n\n|\n\n * They are specifically designed for food crops such as tomatoes and potatoes but can be adapted for other plants too.\n * Small amount of space required as they hang from a hook so no floor space is needed.\n * They are usually ornamental and attractive.\n * Because the soil system is open on the sides on a hanging planter, it can warm much quicker than with plants grown in the ground.\n * Less likely for weeds to grow and easy to mulch.\n * The chance of soil borne diseases is reduced as the soil does not splash up on the plants when they are watered.\n * Less likelihood of disease problem as there is better air circulation around the plants when hanging.\n * No support system such as cages, stakes or tying required – plants simply hang down with gravity.\n * Heavy weight due to the large volume of potting mix in these planters. After water is added they can get too heavy to carry or hang.\n * The size of the bag has to be relatively small so it is light enough to carry and hang so the root system is smaller than a tomato plant grown in the ground. Smaller determinate varieties of tomatoes for example need to be selected rather than large ones that won’t grow well in these conditions.\n * The root system is exposed to evaporation on several sides so in the warmer summer months you may need to water daily to keep a large tomato plant going.\n\n \n \nCachepots or double pots (e.g. wicker baskets and decorative containers)\n\nCache pots are a popular way to use a decorative outer pot to hide an inner\nugly one!\n\n|\n\n * Decorative ornamental containers used for holding and concealing ordinary cheap or unattractive grow pot(s) – often flowers but can be used for any plant.\n * Slightly larger containers – Ideal for temporary displays of potted colour or for positioning plants in less than ideal locations e.g. sun-loving flowers in a shady spot or indoor table decorations. This concept is suitable for rotating plants from indoors back outside for a short period and then returning them to the cachepot. Cyclamen flowers are a good example.\n * Potted colour (e.g. flowering annuals like pansies) can even manage to flower for a short period in temporary shade. Just rotate from sitting in a cachepot in a shady spot and move to a sunny position every few days. Swap with a replacement pot of flowers and then reverse so flowers are not deprived of sun for too long.\n * Aesthetic value – cachepots give the plant a “finished look” – Plants can be replaced if you don’t like the look or the way the plant is performing.\n * Suitable for testing whether a plant will do well in a position without having to re-pot it permanently.\n * Plant and the roots are not disturbed, no mess to change the look and no heavy pots to move around.\n * Pots without drain holes can be used and cachepots can hold a saucer for excess water that drains out of the grow pot.\n * If the decorative cachepot is too tall for the interior grow pot, a piece of Styrofoam in the bottom of the cachepot will raise the plant and assist drainage.\n * Usually unsuitable plant containers such as lightweight, inexpensive and attractive woven baskets can be lined with plastic and become cachepots.\n\n \n \nAffiliate Links: Your support of this site is appreciated!\n\nAt the end of the day, all containers have pros and cons. Next time you’re\nconsidering buying, repurposing or making your own container, hopefully these\nguidelines will help you make a better choice. You may also enjoy reading\nChoose Safe Containers for Growing Food.\n\nLooking for more information on pots? Check out some Tips for Growing a Garden\nin Pots, 5 Thrifty Recycling Ideas for making your own and consider the\nBenefits of Using Repurposed Planters. You will also find lots of tips in the\nContainer Gardening category of free articles.\n\n### Like this article?\n\nPlease share! Join my free Newsletter for more tips and all future articles.\n\n© Copyright Anne Gibson, The Micro Gardener 2016.\nhttps://themicrogardener.com. All rights reserved.\n\nTweet\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\n1K Shares\n\nAnne Gibson2019-09-26T19:54:14+10:00Categories: Container Gardening, Hanging\nBaskets, Repurposed Planters|Tags: Cachepot, Container gardening, Pots &\ncontainers|44 Comments\n\n## Related Posts\n\n * 9 Secrets for a Low Maintenance Easy Garden\n\nGallery\n\n#### 9 Secrets for a Low Maintenance Easy Garden\n\nJanuary 6th, 2016 | 6 Comments\n\n * 17 Water Saving Tips for Container Gardens\n\nGallery\n\n#### 17 Water Saving Tips for Container Gardens\n\nOctober 25th, 2014 | 2 Comments\n\n * 3 Steps to Prepare Your Garden for Planting\n\n#### 3 Steps to Prepare Your Garden for Planting\n\nSeptember 7th, 2014 | 9 Comments\n\n * 7 Easy DIY Garden Gift Ideas\n\nGallery\n\n#### 7 Easy DIY Garden Gift Ideas\n\nDecember 16th, 2013 | 5 Comments\n\n * 6 Tips for Abundant Edible Container Gardens\n\nGallery\n\n#### 6 Tips for Abundant Edible Container Gardens\n\nSeptember 14th, 2013 | 14 Comments\n\n## 44 Comments\n\n 1. Kat May 5, 2020 at 9:06 pm - Reply\n\nHave about 40 food grade plastic jugs – they were used to hold 12% sodium\nhypochlorite – aka bleach... They were free... We cut the tops off them &\ndrilled holes for drainage & cleaned them thoroughly... We have turned them\ninto 5 gallon plant pots... We have not put soil in them as of yet... After\nall this work we did – I am pretty sure that they are food safe – that it is\nsafe to use them to plant tomatoes in... Can you help confirm this... I want\nto make sure that I haven’t made a mistake & I have my info correct that\nbleach isn’t going to leech into the soil & plants... Also what can be used as\nan inexpensive liner – can one use black plastic garbage bags as liners?\n\n 2. Anony September 24, 2019 at 9:55 am - Reply\n\nYour list of plastics to avoid includes #6 PS (polystyrene), but then two rows\ndown you list expanded polystyrene as a usable plastic... Why the\ncontradiction?\n\n * Anne Gibson September 26, 2019 at 5:36 pm - Reply\n\nThanks for your question regarding the section detailing pros and cons of\nWhite Polystyrene (foam) boxes – also known as EP or expanded polystyrene.\nAccording to the research I’ve done to date, if the polystyrene is contained\nin a new and undamaged food grade moulded box, the styrene is unlikely to\nleach for some time. The article states “In terms of food safety, it is\nrecommended to only use only NEW EP boxes when growing edibles. If they start\nto degrade or become damaged, it is not advisable to use polystyrene as this\nmaterial can start to leach toxic chemicals once the mould is compromised. For\nornamentals, this may not be an issue.” So, it’s a matter of timing and also\ndepends on your climate. In tropical and subtropical climates where there is\nheat and moisture, these boxes may degrade faster than in cooler, drier\nclimates. These are all factors to weigh up! For some people where budget is a\nmajor issue, they may be the cheapest short-term solution. I hope this helps\nclarify the information for you.\n\n 3. Michael May 20, 2018 at 10:31 pm - Reply\n\nwhat about airpots?\n\n * Anne Gibson June 3, 2018 at 6:03 pm - Reply\n\nI haven’t addressed airpots because they are not universally available and are\nmore commonly used by commercial growers rather than home gardeners. Pots that\nallow air pruning do have advantages for sure. Thanks for your suggestion.\n\n 4. Amit November 29, 2017 at 2:49 am - Reply\n\nThank you, for making me decide which flower pot to use. Well I am going for\nthe plastic ones thank you again.\n\n 5. Geneva W March 26, 2017 at 7:47 am - Reply\n\nHello! I really enjoyed your article and it was quite helpful! Can you or\nanyone help???? I have been looking on the internet for ever trying to find\ninexpensive hand painted and/or Relief Porcelain Cachepots (5′′ to 10′′\ndiameter) to display my plants indoor to no avail. Everything that pops up is\nVintage or Antique!!! Pricey!! Any leads to Online Stores?\n\n * Anne Gibson March 27, 2017 at 5:43 am - Reply\n\nHi Geneva, sorry can’t help with that one. Just try Googling! Best of luck.\nAnne\n\n 6. Leith February 26, 2017 at 7:50 am - Reply\n\nThanks so much for this article. I have a wide collection of varying material\npots and am never sure what to use for new plants. I have a number of\nhouseplants but they don’t seem to do well in plastic pots. Any thoughts? I’ve\nalso picked up some bamboo pots. What is your experience with those? Many\nthanks.\n\n * Anne Gibson February 26, 2017 at 12:58 pm - Reply\n\nHi Leith,\n\nI am guessing your houseplants may not be thriving because of the POTTING MIX\nyou are using, rather than the plastic pots! If you are using a bagged potting\nmix, this quickly repels water. So your plants can’t access the moisture or\nnutrients they need, causing them to become weak and attract pests and\ndiseases. This is a really common problem. Check out my article on Easy DIY\nPotting Mix for more information and tips that may help you if you think this\ncould be a contributing factor.\n\nBamboo pots are a more sustainable alternative to plastic. I am not sure of\nthe longevity of your particular pots as they are all made differently, but\nI’m all for supporting natural and sustainable products rather than petro-\nchemicals that are damaging to the environment. Hope this helps.\n\nCheers Anne\n\n 7. Lillian Schaeffer January 21, 2017 at 3:00 am - Reply\n\nI like how you mentioned the importance of product life when choosing a\ncontainer for planting things. I’ve been thinking it would be fun to have a\nsmall collection of planters in front of my house with various flowers in\nthem. I think it would be fun to find a container that’s decorative, but I’ll\nmake sure to consider the product life so I choose something that will last.\n\n 8. Shyam January 13, 2017 at 5:00 pm - Reply\n\nThere’s a contradiction in this article – it says avoid plastic #6 (PS) but\nthere’s a section on the benefits of using foam boxes which is #6 ....\n\n * Anne Gibson January 13, 2017 at 7:48 pm - Reply\n\nHi Shyam, thanks for pointing this out. I have updated this page to reflect\nmore detailed information relating to #6 plastics including polystyrene. This\nmaterial does have some advantages for food gardens IF the boxes are new and\nundamaged, based on extensive research I’ve done to date. To the best of my\nknowledge, the issue with leaching of styrene occurs when the molding is\ndamaged and/or starts to breakdown. It is apparently rendered inert when\ncontained within the original mold. The advantages of polystyrene boxes are\nlisted in this comparison table for the benefit of readers to weigh up all the\npros and cons in their own individual situations. The issues with PS may not\nbe a negative factor for some gardeners, especially if they are growing\nornamentals or only have access to that material where they live and have a\nlimited budget. Thanks again for the feedback!\n\n 9. Louise March 13, 2015 at 10:25 am - Reply\n\nHi again Anne After discovering the potential hazards of leaching benzene etc\nfrom planting veggies in polystyrene boxes (which are painted on the outside\nwith Dulux Weatherguard but uncoated on the inside), I have found a product\nwhich can be used to seal the inside of the polystyrene boxes.\n\nThe product is made by a company called Crommelin, and is safe for use in\npotable water applications. The technical person I spoke with has assured me\nthat if two coats are applied to the inside of the polystyrene box, and it is\nallowed to cure for 7 days before adding damp soil, then there will be no\nleaching of anything from the box into the soil. Coverage is 0.75 square\nmetres per litre, and it can be purchased from Bunning, or direct from\nCrommelin if larger quantities are required.\n\nThis is a huge relief for me as I have based my veggie garden on these boxes,\nand was loathe to have to start again.....\n\nI look forward to any comments you may have, and I hope this is helpful to\nsomeone else Thanks for a wonderfully informative and thought provoking site\nCheers Louise\n\n * Anne Gibson March 13, 2015 at 1:09 pm - Reply\n\nHi again Louise\n\nSee my last comment re the Crommelin product. You may want to consider looking\nat the other product suggested as an alternative. I haven’t done any research\ninto it other than requesting the Material Safety Data Sheet which I haven’t\nyet received.\n\nIt takes some ‘digging’ to find suitable safer alternatives, but that’s what I\nencourage on this site. Hopefully we can make more informed choices and grow a\nhealthy garden as a result.\n\nAll the best with your container gardens. Keep in touch with what you decide\nto use.\n\nCheers Anne\n\n 10. John B. February 23, 2015 at 5:25 am - Reply\n\nHi, Nice presentation. Are there affordable clay and other planters that do\nnot contain lead (in the clay and/or the glaze)? Most of the beautiful\nplanters I’ve seen lately are from China, Vietnam, etc. Have any of these\nsuppliers been vetted for producing planters for indoor fruits and vegetables?\nIf so, please pass a retail link along if possible. Thanks.\n\n * Anne Gibson February 25, 2015 at 10:04 am - Reply\n\nHi John\n\nI haven’t done recent research on ‘lead free’ pots but try a Google search\nusing these terms or ‘safe for food’. These are a few links that may help:\n\nhttp://www.fda.gov/downloads/ForConsumers/ConsumerUpdates/UCM234334.pdf\nhttp://www.emersoncreekpottery.com/go-green-ceramic-pottery.shtml\n\nYou can test pottery for lead. Lead-testing kits are sold in hardware stores\nand online and often come with swabs and instructions. They won’t damage the\npottery. With most, the swab will change colours if lead leaches onto the\nswab. If a test reveals a positive result for leachable lead, obviously it\nwon’t be suitable for cooking, serving, or storing food or drinks, or growing\nfood. Unfortunately, no amount of washing, boiling, or other process can\nremove lead from pottery. This is one lead testing kit I’m aware of that is\nsuitable for testing many surfaces including pottery.\n\n 11. Lava Family February 15, 2015 at 12:56 am - Reply\n\nAt the top of this page you have a bunch of purple clay pots. I need to get a\nnote to the company who makes these. I need clay imported from France. I need\nshallow but very wide mouth pots. I am looking to have sets of two made and\nten sets of each. I need them to have on one set hands, on one set feet and on\none set teeth or mouths with teeth. Beautiful but cute their artist are free\nto design whatever they feel is attractive. If this company has contacts from\naround the world I would need green/purple from Italy, orange/red/yellow from\nGermany, Red from England, Purple/red from China, red from Scotland all with\nthe same kind of design. My card is secured for this reason you will need to\ncontact Master Card’s secured card department, asking for Jasmine seems to\nhelp. DEBIT ONLY There is a ten thousand dollar gift for all who help get this\nto us as soon as you can just let Jasmine know if your and your delivery staff\nmake up 20 people till her the gift is times twenty. I do ask that their boxes\nnote which nation they were imported form. Master Card 5114950005949951\nsecurity code 149 EX: There is none. Ship to 41Country Rte19 Hudson NY\n12534.and90 N. Second St. Hudson NY 12534. I would like if they could to sun\nbake and glaze only the out side if they could and fill the inside with dirt\nto match the color clay. If they cannot I will take about 50 lbs. of clay and\nglaze and dirt but understand I am not artistic at all and need their artist\nhelp.The slow cooker uses a purple clay. Thank you and have a wonderful life 🙂\nhttp://www.globalmarket.com/product-info/natural-purple-clay-slow-\ncooker-214243.html If you scroll down you will see a face the clay used is\npurple. http://www.binghamheritage.org.uk/history_of_bingham/roman/\n\n 12. Jennifer Pickett January 26, 2015 at 1:42 am - Reply\n\nI’m looking into these planters and read the review saying it’s got materials\nknown to cause cancer. Do you think that’s the basket itself or the coconut\nliner?\nhttp://www.amazon.com/gp/aw/d/B002YG8FLY/ref=mp_s_a_1_1?qid=1422200478&sr=8-1&pi=AC_SY200_QL40&dpPl=1&dpID=41VATiaTRnL&ref=plSrch\n\n * Anne Gibson January 26, 2015 at 12:39 pm - Reply\n\nHi Jennifer It’s hard to tell without contacting the manufacturer. Looks like\nit’s produced in China so I am guessing it is treated with chemicals during\nthe quarantine/importing process. Here’s an example of New Zealand standards\nwhich require either heat treatment or with Ethylene oxide. This is because\nsome coir peat products that have been imported have contained foreign weed\nseeds – See ‘Weed Biosecurity Breach Through Coco Peat Imports‘. In Australia,\nthe approved treatments for imported coir products may include methyl bromide.\nCountries have strict import requirements to prevent such occurrences but the\nstandards may include chemical treatments. According to EWG (Environmental\nWorking Group), Ethylene oxide is a known carcinogen amongst other things. I\ncan’t make any recommendations other than to suggest you do further due\ndiligence if considering this product. Perhaps you can source a locally\nproduced product instead?\n\n 13. jpots January 22, 2015 at 12:08 am - Reply\n\nHi Anne,\n\nWe have loved reading through the pros and cons for different plant containers\nand exploring your website.\n\nMaybe you should try our jpots (www.jpots.co.uk), they’re plant pots made\nentirely from bamboo and natural colourings.\n\nThey can be purchased on Amazon and come in different colours (coloured with\nfood standard dye).\n\nWe hope you enjoy using them!\n\nThe jpot team\n\n 14. christine eckard January 12, 2015 at 11:06 am - Reply\n\nCould you please advise me what type of paint is the best to paint the outside\nof Styrofoam boxes. Do they need to be coated with some sort of paint sealer\nfirst? Thank you for a very informative site.\n\n * Anne Gibson January 16, 2015 at 3:39 pm - Reply\n\nHi Christine\n\nI use a non-toxic acrylic water-based craft paint for painting polystyrene\nboxes. You have to do your homework with the brand as many types of paints are\nsolvent-based and will literally eat away at the polystyrene surface (as I\nfound out the hard way!!)\n\nThese are a couple of articles that may open up your options:\n\nhttp://www.ehow.com/info_8167483_paints-compatible-polystyrene.html\nhttp://www.ehow.com/how_6659019_paint-styrofoam.html\n\nHope this helps – would love you to email me a pic of your project when\nfinished.\n\n 15. safna October 29, 2014 at 12:11 am - Reply\n\nhai, please let me know any problem to put 2 vegetable plants in a container\n\n * Anne Gibson October 29, 2014 at 8:51 am - Reply\n\nHi Safna, it would depend on which vegetables you are planning to put together\nand in what size/type of container. Some vegies need more personal space to\ngrow than others and do better if given their own large pot (e.g. tomatoes).\nSmall shallow rooted leafy greens like lettuce though, can share a container.\nCheck out my post on spacing common vegetables and herbs for more tips.\n\n 16. Wine online October 13, 2014 at 7:35 pm - Reply\n\nExcellent post. I definitely love this site. Keep it up!\n\n 17. Martin Phulchere October 4, 2014 at 6:08 am - Reply\n\nYour site is very much informative and enlightening, however, i’ve a problem\nwith your comparative analysis of concrete pots vs plastic pots in respect of\nenvironmental friendliness and other planting considerations. Your analysis\nsound more like one trying to promote plastic pots.\n\n * Anne Gibson October 10, 2014 at 9:40 pm - Reply\n\nHi Martin thanks for your feedback. This list is not meant to be exhaustive,\nbut just a starting point to help people consider some of their options. I\nencourage readers to do their own due diligence into what might be suitable\nfor their personal choices and environmental values. I don’t promote one type\nof container material over another, and most certainly not plastic! These are\njust personal observations and research I’ve done to date. I’m happy to look\ninto concrete further if you could provide more specific information regarding\nyour comment.\n\n 18. Tara August 4, 2014 at 9:09 am - Reply\n\nI have some terracotta pots that my kids painted for me. They used a gluten\nfree eco paint and I would like to seal this on the pot. I am planting aloe\nthat we consume in it and want to know what I can use to seal the paint on\nthat will not leach into the soil of the plant. I plan on using olive or\ncoconut oil on the inside to help water from going through a little. But\nmostly I don’t want the paint to rinse off the outside when I water the\nplants.\n\nThanks so MUCH!!!!\n\n * Anne Gibson August 4, 2014 at 1:26 pm - Reply\n\nHi Tara I haven’t used the GF eco paint so not sure exactly what sort of\nsealer would be suitable. Perhaps you could contact the manufacturer and find\nout if they also make a zero or low VOC sealer? Or use your painted pot as a\ncachepot (decorative outer pot) & actually plant the aloe vera into a smaller\npot inside it so it won’t matter if you use a chemical-based sealer. Hope this\nhelps with some options.\n\n 19. Kate June 30, 2014 at 11:30 pm - Reply\n\nHello,\n\nI am looking into what pots to use for our vegetable garden since at our\ncurrent house we do not have space to put a garden in the ground. I heard\nsomewhere that clay could be contaminated with heavy metals and pesticides\ndepending on where they come from... Is this true? I was considering using\nclay/terracotta because I have some chemically sensitive people in my family\nand it seemed like a better option than plastic. Drainage/heat is not an\nissue, btw.\n\nThank you.\n\n * Anne Gibson July 1, 2014 at 11:15 am - Reply\n\nHi Kate\n\nClay/unfired terracotta has a porous surface, so can absorb chemicals and\ntoxic heavy metals if present. In fact, bentonite clay is used to detox\npesticides and heavy metals from the body. You don’t mention where you are\nconcerned heavy metals or pesticides may contaminate your garden so I have\naddressed this below.\n\nAs you have chemically sensitive family members, I suggest you consider not\nonly the pot, but also what kind of soil and soil amendments you use i.e. try\nto use certified organic where possible and research the source of all other\ninputs. I would also recommend adding zeolite to your potting mix as it helps\nbind toxic metals and renders them inert. An insurance policy of sorts. I use\nthis in my garden and add to my potting mix. It stays in the soil forever so\nis an economical investment in soil + human health.\n\nAnother consideration is your yard/environment. If you are concerned about\nchemicals, then I assume you won’t be using them in any form e.g. fertilizers,\nherbicides etc. This also means thinking about each aspect of your garden –\nnot just the pot. Source non-chemically treated seeds/seedlings, safe\ncontainers, make your own potting mix with ingredients you are happy with and\nadd minerals to your soil for plant and human health. There are many on the\nmarket but look for OMRI on the packaging if in the US or certified organic in\nyour country of origin.\n\nI hope this helps! Cheers Anne\n\n 20. Rhona May 12, 2014 at 7:45 pm - Reply\n\nHi,\n\ni was looking to start a small indoor herb garden. i am really keen for this\nto be as organic as possible starting with using the most food safe pots! i\nwas wondering if i could use glass jars, bigger versions though more like\nglass food storage jars? would that work?\n\nRhona\n\n * Anne Gibson May 13, 2014 at 7:54 am - Reply\n\nHi Rhona There are a few things to know when considering what kind of\ncontainers to grow your food in. Here are 2 articles which will explain the\nbasics and this should help you make more informed decisions. 1. Choose Safe\nContainers for Growing Food 2. 3 Key Factors to Consider When Choosing Pots.\nGlass, whilst clean and hygienic won’t offer you drainage holes and this is\ncritical. I encourage you to think creatively about what you CAN repurpose as\ncontainers from your home – there are plenty of suggestions and inspiration on\nthis site. See the Articles Category on Container Ideas. Hope this helps. 🙂\n\n 21. David Allen April 23, 2014 at 8:04 am - Reply\n\nGreetings Anne! I have a question that’s semi-related to what you’ve posted\nhere. My wife is making Gourds and wants to plant edible plants inside of\nthem. The kicker is we need something to insulate the Gourd so it doesn’t rot.\nIs there a “spray on plastic” or rubber that we can use to spray coat the\ninterior of the Gourd, or is there a better approach? Also, what can we use\nthat is guaranteed to NOT leak poisons and carcinogens into the soil and\nplant? Essentially we’re looking for a green solution to prevent the Gourds\nfrom rotting while we plant herbs and other things that we eat in them.\n\n * Anne Gibson April 28, 2014 at 2:41 pm - Reply\n\nHi David, if your gourds are properly cured/dried, do you need to line them\nwith anything? It’s a great idea to use them as temporary container gardens –\nmuch like a coconut shell or other natural material. You could try lining one\nwith pure beeswax to see if that helps preserve it somewhat. Or perhaps weed\nmat cut to size.\n\nIn any case, you still need drainage holes to release any excess moisture. If\nyou choose your herbs carefully and only plant those that prefer drier soil\n(e.g. thyme and rosemary), then perhaps it wouldn’t be too much of an issue?\nOr perhaps use them to grow succulents that need very little water.\n\nOr, depending on the shape and opening, perhaps you could use your gourds as\ncachepots? Outer decorative pots with smaller containers inside them.\n\nAlternatively, you could try emailing the American Gourd Society\n[rehmje@valkyrie.net] to see if their members have a solution to this!\n\nHope this helps give you some ideas. Let me know what you decide to do – and\nwhat works! I’d love to see a pic if you’d like to send me one to share.\n\n 22. Gina April 22, 2014 at 5:57 am - Reply\n\nI was wondering what you think are the pros and cons of using Fiberglass\nplanters? As a sales rep for plantplanters.com I am constantly being asked\nabout the durability of Fiberglass planters for planting trees, for instance.\nI always recommend to my customers to contact a gardening specialist for\nselecting plants and for recommendations for planting in a fiberglass planter\nso not to damage the planter, but I feel like it would benefit me to\nunderstand this too so I can help.\n\nI conducted a search on Google to try and locate this information and your\narticle above is exactly what I was looking for, but there is no mention of\nfiberglass planters. Do you have an opinion on planting in these types of\nplanters? Any insight would be greatly appreciated. Thank you.\n\n * Anne Gibson April 28, 2014 at 2:47 pm - Reply\n\nI haven’t read any research studies on fibreglass planters Gina. Perhaps you\nshould contact the manufacturer of the pots and ask if they are manufactured\nwith a food-grade coating on their interior surface?\n\n 23. Brian January 14, 2014 at 2:51 am - Reply\n\nYou briefly mention glazed pots. They certainly look nicer, especially where a\nperson may have limited space for growing such as a patio, or interior use.\nHowever, I have concerns about toxic elements such as lead that may have been\nused in the glazing process. I have a few inexpensive containers that are only\nglazed on the outside but a few drops of water on the inside shows they are\nporous and I wonder what may come through? A number of web sites suggest\nvarious sealants but I am not sure if I trust any of these. Perhaps for\ndecorative plants but not for containers producing edibles. I may end up\nbuying plastic pots and putting them inside the ceramic ones.\n\n * The Micro Gardener January 15, 2014 at 9:19 pm - Reply\n\nHi Brian\n\nYes I agree with you – glazed pots are decorative and can be long lasting if\nwell cared for but you raise a valid point about possible leaching of toxic\nsubstances.\n\nAccording to Digitalfire Ceramics article ‘Are Your Glazes Food Safe or are\nThey Leachable?‘, “If a glaze is made from harmless materials like silica,\ndolomite, kaolin, feldspar, whiting, ball clay, etc. leaching is only a\nfunctional and aesthetic issue. But if the glaze employs metallic colorants\n(other than iron) or other minerals containing lithium, barium, lead, chrome,\netc. then safety and legal liability becomes a concern.\n\nThe likelihood of leaching is not just a matter of whether the ingredients\nused to make a glaze are dangerous. The issue is complex, involving the ways\nin which the materials are prepared and fired and the formulations that are\nused. It is possible to use toxic materials safely and it is possible to\ncompromise an otherwise safe glaze by unbalanced mixtures.”\n\nThe quality of the glazes, whether they have been tested or not, and their\nsource of origin can all influence the safety of glazed pots. The University\nof Rochester Medical Center raises some interesting points in ‘Ceramics:\nPretty, and Maybe Poisonous‘.\n\nIf you are not certain the glazed pots you have are food safe, I agree with\nthe solutions you suggest. Use the glazed pots as cachepots by inserting a\nsmaller food grade pot inside; use for non-edibles/ornamentals or research\nsealants. See my post on Choosing Safe Containers for Growing Food for more\ninformation and tips including safe plastics.\n\nHope this helps.\n\n 24. Deitra Brunner May 1, 2013 at 12:58 am - Reply\n\nI’ve only read two of your articles and I have concluded that this is probably\nthe most informative and useful gardening site that I have yet to run across\nand I have been reading and trying to get up the nerve to try this for well\nover two years. One of my issues has been lack of supplies and the first\narticle that I read stated how to go to the market and ask for the foam boxes.\nI don’t know yet if this is feasible here, but at least I have a viable\nstarting point. I hope this works and I can mark off containers and proceed\nfrom there. I think I can afford the seed and will have to start saving to get\nthe supplies for the mix, but I’m beginning to believe I can do this...with\nyour help! lol I have gotten excited before after reading a website, but then\nwhen I wanted to purchase it was cost prohibitive. I think your website just\nmay be what people like me need... Thank you very much; your work is highly\nappreciated! Stay Blessed and a Blessing\n\n * The Micro Gardener May 1, 2013 at 8:14 am - Reply\n\nHi Deitra Thank you so much for your lovely comment – it truly made my day!\nAnd certainly one of the most rewarding aspects of sharing what I do is\nhearing that this helps people around the world become more self-reliant to\ngrow their own food without it costing an arm and a leg. Take little steps and\nNEVER give up on your goal to grow your own small garden. The rewards are SO\nworth it. Love and blessing to you too. 🙂\n\n 25. penny October 14, 2012 at 3:15 pm - Reply\n\nI have some large containers with plastic inserts with taps on, they say they\ncontained formaldehyde and phenol hydroxide the numbers 888 on and corrosive\n“something”. Friends using as veg planters which is what I wanted to do but\nthe formaldehyde is a bit worrying? Was told to give good wash once & cut the\ntops out of them! Will this be ok?\n\n * The Micro Gardener October 15, 2012 at 10:51 am - Reply\n\nHi Penny It sounds like you are considering repurposing a plastic container\nfor use as a planter – here are some guidelines that you might find helpful to\nconsider when choosing planters for growing food. I personally would recommend\nonly using food grade containers or materials you feel comfortable with after\ndoing your due diligence. The label does sound concerning to me and I’d\nprobably steer clear of growing food in anything that may contaminate the soil\nor food. Formaldehyde is a known carcinogen (Class A = worst kind) and can\nleach from many everyday materials including plastics (they off gas or release\ntoxic fumes particularly when they are new). You may want to do your own\nresearch on phenol hydroxide (http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Phenol) and whether\nthis poses any dangers in your particular plastic container. If it also\ncontains a corrosive substance\n(http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Corrosive_substance) I would avoid it too. Hope\nthis helps. 🙂\n\n## Leave A Comment Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\nCopyright 2012 Avada | All Rights Reserved | Powered by WordPress | Theme\nFusion\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.Ok\n\nGo to Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/03/nyregion/gardening-choosing-fertilizer-for-indoor-plants.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200422074723/https://www.nytimes.com/1991/02/03/nyregion/gardening-choosing-fertilizer-for-indoor-plants.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "GARDENING; Choosing Fertilizer for Indoor Plants",
"passages": [
"This is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive, before the start of online publication in 1996. To preserve these articles as they originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them.",
"Occasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other problems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions.",
"ONE of the least understood phases of indoor plant care is the use of fertilizers. People often equate any plant fertilizer with vitamins, pep pills or even food sources. Beware!",
"Garden shops love to sell house-plant fertilizers. They hawk these products and say that house plants need food through the year. But remember that too much fertilizer can be just as detrimental to their growth as too much water. Roots suffer. Sickly, unthrifty plants do not need fertilizer. They may have had too much already and are in need of a respite.",
"Many plants thrive on two or three feedings a year. If the plant is putting out new growth, is flowering or is growing well and looks strong, then it is doing well. Don't push it. This approach to indoor plant growing does not sell much fertilizer, but it does help plant survival.",
"But there are plants that need regular applications of fertilizer, including those growing under fluorescent lights. These plants are in constant light, and because this stimulates them to grow, they need nutrition to support the growth. This supplemental feeding is especially important for plants that are being raised from seedlings to be transplanted later to the garden. But here's a caution: using a fertilizer that's too strong is not good. Half- or even quarter-rate applications are better, since the seedlings do not need major stimulation.",
"Another time to use fertilizer is when plants are potted in sterile growing media, the planting mixtures sold at many garden centers. These mixtures often contain peat moss and perlite or vermiculite and contain little or no nutrient materials. Plants growing in them always need a regular supplement of fertilizer.",
"Check the label carefully. When buying plants, it is a good idea to know what they have been planted in, to be sure that they do or do not need regular applications of fertilizer.",
"One easy way to check is to invert the pot after the plant has been watered, to see what kind of mixture the roots are growing in. If the potting material appears to be a blend of peat moss and perlite and has little or no soil, then you know that fertilizer is essential.",
"There are two kinds of house-plant fertilizer. For convenience and ease in mixing, the water-soluble formulations are best. These products are made of chemicals (nutrient carriers) that dissolve instantly in water. Pour the correct amount in the watering can first, then allow the water from the faucet to mix it.",
"The water-soluble fertilizers come in a wide variety of formulas, and their numbers may seem confusing. The first number will be for the percentage of nitrogen, the second phosphorus and the third potash. The fertilizer formulations vary according to particular plant needs.",
"Although most of the fertilizers have been packaged for large commercial operations -- hence the fancy formulas -- probably the most popular for the average house plant grower is the 20-20-20 formula. This one will supply general nutrition and fill most of the plants' needs.",
"These water-soluble fertilizers also contain the micronutrients that plant professionals are now recognizing as essential to proper plant growth. Although these nutrients are present in some soils, they are not in all. Even though the micronutrients are used by plants in minor quantities compared to the big three nutrients, they are important. They include manganese, boron, zinc, molybdenum, copper and cobalt. And the best way to know the individual plant's needs is to grow it and note how well the plant responds.",
"Some fertilizers are sold only in liquid form, particularly the fish emulsions, which have a low-nutrient formula. These mild fertilizers are often recommended for ferns, because they are of low concentration and will not burn roots. Be sure to use these fertilizers carefully, however, since they have objectionable odors unless mixed properly and the drain saucers are emptied promptly.",
"One type of fertilizer is sold as a liquid concentrate and is bottled with a dropper. The concentrate is doled out into a watering can at the label's recommendation to supply a particular dilution for house plants.",
"Since there are so many plant-nutrition products available, it is important to read product labels carefully and follow the application rates.",
"A practical note: Most plants go through a dormant or rest period at some time in their yearly cycle. This rest period usually comes during the winter months, when there is less light to encourage flower bud development, and there are many cloudy, sunless days.",
"But the days are gradually becoming longer, and green growth indoors is being stirred out of its winter lethargy. Allow the plants to grow first before even thinking about using any fertilizers. And then apply them only to spur flower bud formation. Many of the popular indoor house plants burst into bloom with the springtime, and a half-rate application may just be the thing to stir them."
]
},
"parsed_md": "GARDENING; Choosing Fertilizer for Indoor Plants - The New York Times\n\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\n\nNew York\n\nToday’s Paper\n\nNew York|GARDENING; Choosing Fertilizer for Indoor Plants\n\nhttps://nyti.ms/29vOpEC\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nGARDENING\n\n# GARDENING; Choosing Fertilizer for Indoor Plants\n\nBy Joan Lee Faust\n\n * Feb. 3, 1991\n\nCredit...The New York Times Archives\n\nSee the article in its original context from February 3, 1991, Section CN,\nPage 12Buy Reprints\n\nView on timesmachine\n\nTimesMachine is an exclusive benefit for home delivery and digital\nsubscribers.\n\nAbout the Archive\n\nThis is a digitized version of an article from The Times’s print archive,\nbefore the start of online publication in 1996. To preserve these articles as\nthey originally appeared, The Times does not alter, edit or update them.\n\nOccasionally the digitization process introduces transcription errors or other\nproblems; we are continuing to work to improve these archived versions.\n\nONE of the least understood phases of indoor plant care is the use of\nfertilizers. People often equate any plant fertilizer with vitamins, pep pills\nor even food sources. Beware!\n\nGarden shops love to sell house-plant fertilizers. They hawk these products\nand say that house plants need food through the year. But remember that too\nmuch fertilizer can be just as detrimental to their growth as too much water.\nRoots suffer. Sickly, unthrifty plants do not need fertilizer. They may have\nhad too much already and are in need of a respite.\n\nMany plants thrive on two or three feedings a year. If the plant is putting\nout new growth, is flowering or is growing well and looks strong, then it is\ndoing well. Don't push it. This approach to indoor plant growing does not sell\nmuch fertilizer, but it does help plant survival.\n\nBut there are plants that need regular applications of fertilizer, including\nthose growing under fluorescent lights. These plants are in constant light,\nand because this stimulates them to grow, they need nutrition to support the\ngrowth. This supplemental feeding is especially important for plants that are\nbeing raised from seedlings to be transplanted later to the garden. But here's\na caution: using a fertilizer that's too strong is not good. Half- or even\nquarter-rate applications are better, since the seedlings do not need major\nstimulation.\n\nAnother time to use fertilizer is when plants are potted in sterile growing\nmedia, the planting mixtures sold at many garden centers. These mixtures often\ncontain peat moss and perlite or vermiculite and contain little or no nutrient\nmaterials. Plants growing in them always need a regular supplement of\nfertilizer.\n\nCheck the label carefully. When buying plants, it is a good idea to know what\nthey have been planted in, to be sure that they do or do not need regular\napplications of fertilizer.\n\nOne easy way to check is to invert the pot after the plant has been watered,\nto see what kind of mixture the roots are growing in. If the potting material\nappears to be a blend of peat moss and perlite and has little or no soil, then\nyou know that fertilizer is essential.\n\nThere are two kinds of house-plant fertilizer. For convenience and ease in\nmixing, the water-soluble formulations are best. These products are made of\nchemicals (nutrient carriers) that dissolve instantly in water. Pour the\ncorrect amount in the watering can first, then allow the water from the faucet\nto mix it.\n\nThe water-soluble fertilizers come in a wide variety of formulas, and their\nnumbers may seem confusing. The first number will be for the percentage of\nnitrogen, the second phosphorus and the third potash. The fertilizer\nformulations vary according to particular plant needs.\n\nAlthough most of the fertilizers have been packaged for large commercial\noperations -- hence the fancy formulas -- probably the most popular for the\naverage house plant grower is the 20-20-20 formula. This one will supply\ngeneral nutrition and fill most of the plants' needs.\n\nThese water-soluble fertilizers also contain the micronutrients that plant\nprofessionals are now recognizing as essential to proper plant growth.\nAlthough these nutrients are present in some soils, they are not in all. Even\nthough the micronutrients are used by plants in minor quantities compared to\nthe big three nutrients, they are important. They include manganese, boron,\nzinc, molybdenum, copper and cobalt. And the best way to know the individual\nplant's needs is to grow it and note how well the plant responds.\n\nSome fertilizers are sold only in liquid form, particularly the fish\nemulsions, which have a low-nutrient formula. These mild fertilizers are often\nrecommended for ferns, because they are of low concentration and will not burn\nroots. Be sure to use these fertilizers carefully, however, since they have\nobjectionable odors unless mixed properly and the drain saucers are emptied\npromptly.\n\nOne type of fertilizer is sold as a liquid concentrate and is bottled with a\ndropper. The concentrate is doled out into a watering can at the label's\nrecommendation to supply a particular dilution for house plants.\n\nSince there are so many plant-nutrition products available, it is important to\nread product labels carefully and follow the application rates.\n\nA practical note: Most plants go through a dormant or rest period at some time\nin their yearly cycle. This rest period usually comes during the winter\nmonths, when there is less light to encourage flower bud development, and\nthere are many cloudy, sunless days.\n\nBut the days are gradually becoming longer, and green growth indoors is being\nstirred out of its winter lethargy. Allow the plants to grow first before even\nthinking about using any fertilizers. And then apply them only to spur flower\nbud formation. Many of the popular indoor house plants burst into bloom with\nthe springtime, and a half-rate application may just be the thing to stir\nthem.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.starkbros.com/growing-guide/article/fruit-trees-in-containers-pt1/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201027212609/https://www.starkbros.com/growing-guide/article/fruit-trees-in-containers-pt1/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Growing Fruit Trees in Containers, Part 1",
"passages": [
"Adding Fruit to Your Homestead For over 200 years, Stark Bro's Nursery has been helping homesteaders across America live more self-sufficient lifestyles. As the oldest continually operating nursery in the country, we've curated a time-tested collection of over 300 unique varieties of fruit trees, nut trees and berry plants. Read more »",
"If you want to grow your own fruit but have limited space, try growing fruit trees in containers. Here are some recommendations on getting started.",
"With the Grow Your Own movement rooting itself in our everyday lives, people everywhere are enhancing their yards (and their diets) by growing their own fruit. Some are lucky enough to have a large enough area to plant their own orchard, but others who don’t have as much room might feel like they don’t have a lot of options. Not true! If you’re renting an apartment, have limited or no space, or just want something for your patio, you should try growing your fruit trees in containers. In this article, which is part one of a two- part series, we focus on what you need to know to get started with this fun and surprisingly easy process.",
"Choosing the Right Container Most people choose to grow fruit trees in containers for easy mobility. For this purpose, the ideal container size is about 10-15 gallons — substantial enough to support a tree, but small enough to move easily (see photo at right). This size is perfect if you’re growing in a window or on a balcony or patio, so you can bring the tree indoors for protection when the weather starts getting too cold. It also comes in handy if you need to relocate your tree to an unheated garage, shed, or basement during winter. And containers are perfect for growing warm-weather varieties, like citrus trees, banana plants, or fig trees, in areas where the climates are cooler than where the trees would grow naturally. Start small, with a 5- or 7-gallon container. As the tree grows within its container, it will eventually become root-bound. Before this happens, you can re-pot it into a larger container. You will be able to tell that your tree has become root-bound to its current container by its lack of vertical growth. It will still produce leaves and even fruit at this point, but you might want to start looking for something bigger to support continual growth and increased production. No matter what size you choose, your tree won't grow for very long if it doesn't have adequate drainage. Make sure the container you use has holes (usually in the bottom and/or sides), so that any excess water can drain, and air can access the soil. This will help you to prevent potentially fatal diseases like root rot. Planting in Containers It is important to choose the right soil. Potting soil is best, since it is specially designed for container planting, and it is easy to find at your local garden supply store. You should avoid using top soil, since it is prone to becoming compacted. Compacted soil creates issues like causing water to run down the inside edges of the container and out the bottom, barely reaching the tree’s roots. When you are ready to fill your container, you should first add a layer of gravel or rock to the bottom of your container to help with drainage. Then, add some of your soil mix for the roots to rest on, and place your tree in the center of the pot so that it is vertical and straight. After that, add the rest of your soil until the tree is properly situated in the container. Make sure to tamp the soil down around the roots in order to remove any air pockets, just like you would if you were planting your tree in the ground. Give it a thorough watering, and you're set!",
"Follow the link for an interview with Stark Bro's and more helpful advice on growing fruit trees in containers from About.com.",
"Organic Weed Control Weeds are not just unsightly - they sap nutrients and water away from your organic trees and plants. Try these easy, inexpensive tips for keeping weeds under control.",
"Fertilizing Organic Fruit Trees It’s entirely possible to nourish your prized organic fruit trees without using harsh chemicals. Learn what to use as well as when (and when not) to fertilize.",
"Estimated Yield for Fruit Trees For growers with enough space, where tree size isn't an issue, this guide covers the estimated yield of dwarf, semi-dwarf, and standard size fruit trees.",
"What to Do About Brown Rot Brown rot is a fungal disease that commonly affects stone fruit trees like peaches and cherries. Learn how to control brown rot in your fruit garden.",
"Freezing Your Fruit Harvest Freeze your summer fruit harvest to enjoy any season! Fruit from the freezer is good for smoothies, sauces, and most baking projects. We have gathered some step-by-step instructions and tips to help ensure your fruit tastes as fresh as the day picked.",
"Adding Fruit to Your Homestead For over 200 years, Stark Bro's Nursery has been helping homesteaders across America live more self-sufficient lifestyles. As the oldest continually operating nursery in the country, we've curated a time-tested collection of over 300 unique varieties of fruit trees, nut trees and berry plants.",
"Blackberry Ricotta Cake Recipe Our Fabulous Fruits cookbook has a recipe for just about everything... from beverages and appetizers, to savory mains, but the true test of a good cookbook is the ease at which the home cook can follow and execute in their own kitchens.",
"Planning a Fall Garden You may still be reaping the benefits of your summer harvest and have not yet thought about what to plant next. Cooler weather is around the corner and it is time to start planning your fall garden!",
"Fruit Preservation Round Up If you’re growing your own fruit, you know that it’s nearly impossible to enjoy it all fresh without preserving some of your harvest.",
"Small Space Growing More people than ever are interested in growing their own food and the Victory Garden movement is here! Not all of us have acres of land to work with but that doesn’t mean you can't have a plentiful harvest right out of your backyard.",
"Cherry Scone Recipe If you’re a fan of growing your own fruit, then mastering a simple, mix-n-match scone recipe is a must.",
"Victory Gardens It’s no secret that Stark Bro’s has a rich history in the gardening community. As the oldest continually operating nursery in the country, we’ve spent two centuries helping families cultivate their legacies in the garden. Our commitment to your success runs even deeper than just providing you with healthy, thriving plants... we’re also committed to the rising movement in our country to get back to the garden.",
"Native Varieties that Thrive in the Cultivated Garden Growing a variety of fruiting trees in your yard makes for a rewarding harvest but can also sometimes mean problem solving for many different plants at once. So why not imitate nature, which problem solves on its own?",
"Grow the Rainbow: Varieties with Extraordinary Color Sometimes it’s just more fun to grow something most of your friends and family have never seen before. A yellow raspberry, a pink blueberry... keep everyone guessing with these specially bred varieties.",
"A growing legacy since 1816. For over 200 years, Stark Bro's has helped people around America provide delicious home-grown food for their families.",
"We love to keep in touch with our customers and talk about what's happening each season at Stark Bro's. Follow us on your favorite social networks and share what you grow!",
"You'll find answers to many questions on our FAQ page. If you need further assistance, we're always eager to help.",
"Halloween Savings Event is for new orders only and may not be applied to existing orders. Sale offer expires midnight, November 2, 2020. * Free Shipping does not apply to orders shipping to Alaska. (A $50 surcharge will be added for shipments to Alaska.) © 2020 Stark Bro's Nurseries & Orchards Co."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Growing Fruit Trees in Containers, Part 1 - Stark Bro's\n\nContact Us800.325.4180Live Chat\n\nMy Account\n\nSign In or Register\n\n0\n\nCart EmptyView Cart\n\n * Contact Us800.325.4180\n * My Account\n\nSign In or Register\n\n * Shop by Category\n\n * Fruit Trees\n\nShop All Fruit Trees »\n\n * Apple Trees\n * Apricot Trees\n * Banana Plants\n * Cherry Trees\n * Citrus Trees\n * Dogwood Trees\n * Fig Trees\n * Mulberry Trees\n\n * Nectarine Trees\n * Olive Trees\n * Pawpaw Trees\n * Peach Trees\n * Pear Trees\n * Persimmon Trees\n * Plum Trees\n * Pomegranate Trees\n\nPopular Searches\n\n * Disease-Resistant Fruit Trees\n * Dwarf Fruit Trees\n * Fruit Tree Collections\n * Heirloom Fruit Trees\n * Indoor Fruit Trees\n * Multi-Grafted Fruit Trees\n * Semi-Dwarf Fruit Trees\n * Standard Fruit Trees\n * Stark Picks\n\nFeatured Item\n\nPennsylvania Golden Pawpaw $47.99 (23)\n\n * Nut Trees\n\nShop All Nut Trees »\n\n * Almond Trees\n * Chestnut Trees\n * Filbert Hazelnut Trees\n * Pecan Trees\n * Walnut Trees\n\nPopular Searches\n\n * Black Walnut Trees\n * Self-Pollinating Pecan Trees\n\nFeatured Item\n\nPawnee Pecan Starting at $24.99 (20)\n\n * Landscape Trees\n\nShop All Landscape Trees »\n\n * Flowering Trees\n * Shade Trees\n\nPopular Searches\n\n * Maple Trees\n * Redbud Trees\n\nFeatured Item\n\nRed Sunset® Maple $25.99 (10)\n\n * Berry Plants\n\nShop All Berry Plants »\n\n * Berry Plant Assortments\n * Aronia Berry Plants\n * Blackberry Plants\n * Blueberry Plants\n * Cranberry Plants\n * Currant Plants\n * Elderberry Plants\n * Goji Berry Plants\n\n * Gooseberry Plants\n * Grape Vines\n * Honeyberry Plants\n * Hybrid Berry Plants\n * Kiwi Berry Vines\n * Lingonberry Plants\n * Raspberry Plants\n * Strawberry Plants\n\nPopular Searches\n\n * Berry Plant Collections\n * Bushel and Berry®\n * Everbearing Strawberries\n * June Bearing Strawberries\n * Primocane Berries\n * Seedless Grapes\n * Thornless Blackberries\n * Thornless Raspberries\n\nFeatured Item\n\nAnna Hardy Kiwi Starting at $18.99 (7)\n\n * Garden Plants\n\nShop All Garden Plants »\n\n * Asparagus Plants\n * Herbs\n * Hop Bines\n * Horseradish Plants\n * Hydrangeas\n * Lilacs\n * Onion Plants\n * Organic Seed Potatoes\n\n * Rhubarb Plants\n * Roses\n * Seeds\n * Sweet Potato Plants\n * Weigela\n * Wisteria\n * Additional Garden Plants\n * Garden Plant Assortments\n\nPopular Searches\n\n * Garden Plant Collections\n * Garlic Plants\n * Knock Out® Roses\n\nFeatured Item\n\nPink Double Knock Out® Rose $9.99 (27)\n\n * Tools & Supplies\n\nShop All Tools & Supplies »\n\n * Books\n * Gift Certificates & Seasonal Items\n * Kitchen & Canning Supplies\n * Pest & Disease Controls\n * Soil Additives\n * Success Kits\n * Tools & Equipment\n * Tree Accessories\n * Wildlife Feeders & Houses\n\nPopular Searches\n\n * Digital Soil Meters\n * Garden Netting\n * Gift Ideas\n * Harvesting Supplies\n * Irrigation Solutions\n * Natural Pest & Disease Control\n * Organic-Growing Supplies\n * Pruning Tools\n * Stark® Fertilizers\n\nFeatured Item\n\nStark® Tree Guards Starting at $8.99 / Pkg 3 (242)\n\n * Organic\n\nOrganic Products\n\n * Organic Apple Trees\n * Organic Seed Potatoes\n * Organic-Growing Supplies\n\nOrganic Resources\n\n * Lasagna Gardening\n * Organic Growing Myths & Mistakes\n * Preventing Problems Before They Begin\n * The Best Fruit-Tree Varieties for Organic Growing\n * Growing More “Perfect” Organic Fruit\n * Watering & Conservation\n\nAll Organic Products & Resources »\n\nThe Stark Organic Story »\n\n * Growing Guide\n\nHow-To Guides »\n\n * How to Grow Apple Trees\n * How to Grow Peach Trees\n * How to Grow Grape Vines\n * How to Grow Pear Trees\n * How to Grow Roses\n * How to Grow Cherry Trees\n * How to Grow Blueberry Plants\n * How to Grow Plum Trees\n * How to Grow Flowering Trees\n\n#### See All the How-To Guides »\n\nArticle Categories\n\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n * Fruit Tree Care\n * How To Grow\n * Ideas & Inspiration\n * Organic\n * Product Features\n * Projects & Ideas\n * Projects & Planning\n * Recipes\n * Retail Location\n * Stories\n * Video\n * Wholesale\n\n#### See the Latest Articles »\n\nFeatured Article\n\nAdding Fruit to Your Homestead For over 200 years, Stark Bro's Nursery has\nbeen helping homesteaders across America live more self-sufficient lifestyles.\nAs the oldest continually operating nursery in the country, we've curated a\ntime-tested collection of over 300 unique varieties of fruit trees, nut trees\nand berry plants. Read more »\n\nFree shipping on orders over $125!\n\nA Note from Stark Bro's on Coronavirus (COVID-19) »\n\n 1. Stark Bro's\n 2. The Growing Guide\n 3. Growing Fruit Trees in Containers, Part 1\n\n# Growing Fruit Trees in Containers, Part 1\n\nIf you want to grow your own fruit but have limited space, try growing fruit\ntrees in containers. Here are some recommendations on getting started.\n\n### Getting Started\n\nWith the Grow Your Own movement rooting itself in our everyday lives, people\neverywhere are enhancing their yards (and their diets) by growing their own\nfruit. Some are lucky enough to have a large enough area to plant their own\norchard, but others who don’t have as much room might feel like they don’t\nhave a lot of options. Not true! If you’re renting an apartment, have limited\nor no space, or just want something for your patio, you should try growing\nyour fruit trees in containers. In this article, which is part one of a two-\npart series, we focus on what you need to know to get started with this fun\nand surprisingly easy process.\n\n### How to Plant Fruit Trees in Pots\n\nChoosing the Right Container Most people choose to grow fruit trees in\ncontainers for easy mobility. For this purpose, the ideal container size is\nabout 10-15 gallons — substantial enough to support a tree, but small enough\nto move easily (see photo at right). This size is perfect if you’re growing in\na window or on a balcony or patio, so you can bring the tree indoors for\nprotection when the weather starts getting too cold. It also comes in handy if\nyou need to relocate your tree to an unheated garage, shed, or basement during\nwinter. And containers are perfect for growing warm-weather varieties, like\ncitrus trees, banana plants, or fig trees, in areas where the climates are\ncooler than where the trees would grow naturally. Start small, with a 5- or\n7-gallon container. As the tree grows within its container, it will eventually\nbecome root-bound. Before this happens, you can re-pot it into a larger\ncontainer. You will be able to tell that your tree has become root-bound to\nits current container by its lack of vertical growth. It will still produce\nleaves and even fruit at this point, but you might want to start looking for\nsomething bigger to support continual growth and increased production. No\nmatter what size you choose, your tree won't grow for very long if it doesn't\nhave adequate drainage. Make sure the container you use has holes (usually in\nthe bottom and/or sides), so that any excess water can drain, and air can\naccess the soil. This will help you to prevent potentially fatal diseases like\nroot rot. Planting in Containers It is important to choose the right soil.\nPotting soil is best, since it is specially designed for container planting,\nand it is easy to find at your local garden supply store. You should avoid\nusing top soil, since it is prone to becoming compacted. Compacted soil\ncreates issues like causing water to run down the inside edges of the\ncontainer and out the bottom, barely reaching the tree’s roots. When you are\nready to fill your container, you should first add a layer of gravel or rock\nto the bottom of your container to help with drainage. Then, add some of your\nsoil mix for the roots to rest on, and place your tree in the center of the\npot so that it is vertical and straight. After that, add the rest of your soil\nuntil the tree is properly situated in the container. Make sure to tamp the\nsoil down around the roots in order to remove any air pockets, just like you\nwould if you were planting your tree in the ground. Give it a thorough\nwatering, and you're set!\n\n### Growing Fruit Trees in Containers, Pt 2 »\n\nFollow the link for an interview with Stark Bro's and more helpful advice on\ngrowing fruit trees in containers from About.com.\n\n * Article Categories:\n * Fruit Tree Care\n * Video\n\n## Related Topics\n\nOrganic Weed Control Weeds are not just unsightly - they sap nutrients and\nwater away from your organic trees and plants. Try these easy, inexpensive\ntips for keeping weeds under control.\n\nFertilizing Organic Fruit Trees It’s entirely possible to nourish your prized\norganic fruit trees without using harsh chemicals. Learn what to use as well\nas when (and when not) to fertilize.\n\nEstimated Yield for Fruit Trees For growers with enough space, where tree size\nisn't an issue, this guide covers the estimated yield of dwarf, semi-dwarf,\nand standard size fruit trees.\n\nWhat to Do About Brown Rot Brown rot is a fungal disease that commonly affects\nstone fruit trees like peaches and cherries. Learn how to control brown rot in\nyour fruit garden.\n\n## Latest Articles\n\nFreezing Your Fruit Harvest Freeze your summer fruit harvest to enjoy any\nseason! Fruit from the freezer is good for smoothies, sauces, and most baking\nprojects. We have gathered some step-by-step instructions and tips to help\nensure your fruit tastes as fresh as the day picked.\n\nAdding Fruit to Your Homestead For over 200 years, Stark Bro's Nursery has\nbeen helping homesteaders across America live more self-sufficient lifestyles.\nAs the oldest continually operating nursery in the country, we've curated a\ntime-tested collection of over 300 unique varieties of fruit trees, nut trees\nand berry plants.\n\nBlackberry Ricotta Cake Recipe Our Fabulous Fruits cookbook has a recipe for\njust about everything... from beverages and appetizers, to savory mains, but\nthe true test of a good cookbook is the ease at which the home cook can follow\nand execute in their own kitchens.\n\nPlanning a Fall Garden You may still be reaping the benefits of your summer\nharvest and have not yet thought about what to plant next. Cooler weather is\naround the corner and it is time to start planning your fall garden!\n\nFruit Preservation Round Up If you’re growing your own fruit, you know that\nit’s nearly impossible to enjoy it all fresh without preserving some of your\nharvest.\n\nSmall Space Growing More people than ever are interested in growing their own\nfood and the Victory Garden movement is here! Not all of us have acres of land\nto work with but that doesn’t mean you can't have a plentiful harvest right\nout of your backyard.\n\nCherry Scone Recipe If you’re a fan of growing your own fruit, then mastering\na simple, mix-n-match scone recipe is a must.\n\nVictory Gardens It’s no secret that Stark Bro’s has a rich history in the\ngardening community. As the oldest continually operating nursery in the\ncountry, we’ve spent two centuries helping families cultivate their legacies\nin the garden. Our commitment to your success runs even deeper than just\nproviding you with healthy, thriving plants... we’re also committed to the\nrising movement in our country to get back to the garden.\n\nNative Varieties that Thrive in the Cultivated Garden Growing a variety of\nfruiting trees in your yard makes for a rewarding harvest but can also\nsometimes mean problem solving for many different plants at once. So why not\nimitate nature, which problem solves on its own?\n\nGrow the Rainbow: Varieties with Extraordinary Color Sometimes it’s just more\nfun to grow something most of your friends and family have never seen before.\nA yellow raspberry, a pink blueberry... keep everyone guessing with these\nspecially bred varieties.\n\n## Popular Products\n\nHoneycrisp Apple (214) Starting at $31.99\n\nBartlett Pear (86) Starting at $32.99\n\nRedhaven Peach (192) $39.99\n\nStark® Tree Guards (242) Starting at $8.99 / Pkg 3\n\nShare:\n\nSubscribe to e-newsletters for timely offers & advice\n\nRelated Information\n\n * Peach Trees\n * Blueberry Plants\n * Apple Trees\n\n##### About Stark Bro's\n\nA growing legacy since 1816. For over 200 years, Stark Bro's has helped people\naround America provide delicious home-grown food for their families.\n\nRead about the Stark Bro's history that spans over 200 years »\n\n##### Stay Connected\n\nWe love to keep in touch with our customers and talk about what's happening\neach season at Stark Bro's. Follow us on your favorite social networks and\nshare what you grow!\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n\n##### Questions or Comments?\n\nYou'll find answers to many questions on our FAQ page. If you need further\nassistance, we're always eager to help.\n\nChat:\n\n Start Live Chat\nEmail:\n\n info@starkbros.com\nPhone:\n\n 800.325.4180\nFax:\n\n 573.754.3701\nMail:\n\n PO BOX 1800 Louisiana, MO 63353\n\n##### Our Company\n\n * About Stark Bro's\n * Contact Information\n * E-Newsletters\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n * Gift Certificates\n * Glossary of Terms\n\n * Hardiness Zone Finder\n * Hours of Operation\n * Job Opportunities\n * Miller Nurseries\n * News & Events\n * Order & Shipping Policies\n\n * Organic\n * Privacy Policy & Terms of Use\n * Refund & Return Policies\n * Retail Location\n * Social Media\n\nHalloween Savings Event is for new orders only and may not be applied to\nexisting orders. Sale offer expires midnight, November 2, 2020. * Free\nShipping does not apply to orders shipping to Alaska. (A $50 surcharge will be\nadded for shipments to Alaska.) © 2020 Stark Bro's Nurseries & Orchards Co.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.tropicalpermaculture.com/growing-bananas.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201031204239/https://www.tropicalpermaculture.com/growing-bananas.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Grow Banana Plants And Keep Them Happy",
"passages": [
"Growing bananas does not take much effort, but it does require that you get a few things right when you first get started...",
"But when I look around friends' gardens then I see some pretty sad looking banana plants growing there. It helps to understand what bananas like and dislike if you want them to be happy!",
"Cavendish is the variety that you know from the supermarket. If you live near a banana growing region, this is the variety you see in the plantations. It is a stout plant that produces large heavy bunches.",
"Lady Fingers are very tall and slender plants and have smaller, sweeter fruit. They are often grown by gardeners as ornamental plants with the small fruit being a bonus.",
"Plantains are cooking bananas. They are drier and more starchy. You use them green like you would use potatoes, and they taste similar. 80% of all bananas grown in the world are plantain varieties! They are an important staple food in many tropical countries.",
"What I describe below and most of the pictures on this page refer to Cavendish bananas but the advice applies to all other varieties as well.",
"Bananas are not real trees, not even palm trees, even though they are often called banana palms. Bananas are perennial herbs. (Gingers, heliconias and bird-of-paradise flowers are distant relatives of bananas. They are in the same order, Zingiberales.)",
"Banana trunks consists of all the leaf stalks wrapped around each other. New leaves start growing inside, below the ground. They push up through the middle and emerge from the centre of the crown. So does the flower, which finally turns into a bunch of bananas.",
"Here is a picture series showing how the flower looks at first, and how the bananas appear and curl up towards the light.",
"Those pictures were taken over the course of a few days. You can pretty much watch this happen. But now it will take another two months or so, depending on the temperature, for the fruit to fill out and finally ripen.",
"A banana plant takes about 9 months to grow up and produce a bunch of bananas. Then the mother plant dies. But around the base of it are many suckers or pups, little baby plants.",
"The rhizome has many growing points and those turn into new suckers/pups. The suckers can be taken off and transplanted, and one or two can be left in position to replace the mother plant.",
"Great, so now you know what to do once you have bananas growing in your garden, but how do you start?",
"You need a tropical or warm subtropical climate. Bananas can handle extreme heat (if they have enough water), but they don't like it. They can handle cool weather for a short while, but they don't like that either. Below 14°C (57°F) they just stop growing.",
"If the temperatures drop any lower the fruit suffers, the skin turns greyish and the leaves can turn yellow. Frost kills the plant above ground, but the corm can survive and may re-shoot.",
"You need a lot of water to grow bananas. The huge soft leaves evaporate a lot and you have to keep up the supply. Bananas also need high humidity to be happy.",
"Where I live the commercial banana growers water their plants two or three times a day with sprinklers to keep up the humidity in the banana plantation!",
"You need very rich soil. If you don't have good soil to start with, make some. Incorporate lots and lots of compost and plenty of chicken manure before you plant your bananas. Wood ash for extra potassium doesn't hurt either. Then mulch them very thickly. And keep mulching and feeding them!",
"And you need room so you can plant enough of them together. Bananas need shelter from wind. Growing many banana plants together increases the humidity in the middle, evens out temperature changes a bit, and it shades and cools the trunks. You don't want to cook the flower that's forming in the middle...",
"If you get a chance, look at a commercial banana plantation somewhere. The outside rows, especially the western side, always look sad. The best bananas grow on the inside.",
"You should plant bananas in blocks or clumps, not single rows and definitely not single plants. If you have very little room you can grow a few banana plants together and grow something else on the outside to protect them. But you do need to give them that sheltered jungle environment if you want them to be happy.",
"(Now, please don't send me any more emails letting me know that you are successfully growing a solitary banana plant in a tub on your patio or in your greenhouse or wherever. This is a permaculture site. We are not talking about keeping plants alive outside their natural growing conditions. We are growing food. Having said that, understanding what makes a banana plant happy will help you grow it just for fun and under sub-optimal conditions as well.)",
"You can not grow the usual bananas from seeds. These banana plants don't produce viable seeds like wild bananas do.",
"The best way is to start with the above mentioned suckers or pups. Know someone who grows bananas? Talk to them. Every banana plant produces a lot more suckers than you need, so people usually have plenty to give away.",
"Only take suckers from vigorous banana plants. The suckers should have small, spear shaped leaves and ideally be about four feet high. Smaller suckers will take longer to fruit and the first banana bunch will be smaller.",
"Cut the sucker from the main banana plant with a sharp shovel. Cut downwards between the mature plant and the sucker. You have to cut through the corm. It's not easy.",
"Make sure you get a good chunk of corm and many roots with it. Chop the top off the sucker to reduce evaporation while you move it and while it settles into its new home. Remember, the growing point is at the bottom of a banana plant. You can decapitate the sucker. It will grow back.",
"Another option is to dig up a bit of the rhizome and chop it into bits. Every bit that has an eye can be planted and will grow into a banana plant. But it takes longer than growing banana suckers.",
"The spacing depends on your layout. My bananas grow in a block of several double rows. Within the double rows the spacing is two to three metres, now with two plants in each position, suckers of the initial plant. My double rows are four to five metres apart.",
"I also have a banana circle around an outdoor shower with two metres at the most between individual plants, and they are growing in a haphazard way. If you have just a single clump of a few banana plants you can put them even closer together.",
"Keep your banana plants moist but not too wet in the early days or they may rot. They don't have leaves yet to evaporate water, so they don't need a lot of it.",
"The most common cause of death for bananas is lack of water. The most common cause for not getting fruit is starvation. Banana plants blow over in strong winds.",
"Protect them and feed them and water them and all will be well. Other than that bananas don't need much maintenance.",
"You get bigger fruit if you remove all unwanted suckers, only keeping the best one. After the initial planting you can leave two on healthy, vigorous plants. Beyond that it is better to keep one sucker per plant on average. Otherwise your patch will become too crowded.",
"The best suckers are the ones with the small, spear shaped leaves, NOT the pretty ones with the big round leaves!",
"Why? A sucker that is still fed by the mother plant does not need to do much photosynthesis, so it doesn't need to produce big leaves.",
"And a sucker that is well looked after by the mother plant will produce better fruit and be stronger than one that had to struggle on its own.",
"A mature plantation is pretty much self mulching. Just throw all the leaves and old trunks etc. back under the plants. You can also grow other plants in the understory to produce more mulch. (I use cassava, sweet potato and crotolaria).",
"You just need to sprinkle on some fertiliser every now and then, to replace what you took out of the system when you took the bananas. Bananas are high in potassium, so ideally the fertiliser should be, too. Keep the fertiliser close to the trunk as bananas don't have big root systems.",
"You may see your first flower emerge after about six months, depending on the weather. Leave the leaves around it, especially the one protecting the top bend of the stalk from sunburn!",
"As the purple flower petals curl back and drop off they reveal a \"hand\" of bananas under each. Each banana is a \"finger\".",
"You may get anything between four to a dozen or more full hands. Then, under the next petal, you'll see a hand of teeny weeny excuses for bananas. Those are the male fingers.",
"The male fingers just dry and drop off. Only the stalk remains. If you let it grow it will eventually reach the ground.",
"Some people break off the \"bell\" (the bunch of purple flower petals at the end) about 15 cm below the last female hand. That way the banana plant puts its energy and reserves into growing big bananas, and not into growing a long stalk. Commercial banana growers also remove some of the bottom female hands, so the remaining bananas grow bigger.",
"\"I never cut the flower off the bananas. The hummers (Ed: hummingbirds) love them too much. As you said, there are always enough bananas around and though I sell them I have to keep my hummers happy.\"",
"If your banana plant is not very strong or not very straight you may have to prop your banana bunch, because it becomes very heavy, and a bunch can snap off or pull the whole plant over.",
"A good prop would be a long stick with a u-shaped hook at the end. But a long enough plank or pole can do the job, too. I leave that to your ingenuity.",
"Bananas are ready to be picked when they look well rounded with ribs, and the little flowers at the end are dry and rub off easily. You can pick them now, green, and they will start ripening as soon as you pick them, no matter their size.",
"They will eventually ripen on the bunch, too, and those bananas taste the best. But once they start they ripen very quickly, faster than you can eat or use them. So you may as well cut the top hands off a bit earlier and ripen them on the kitchen bench.",
"You can also cut the whole bunch and hang it somewhere if you need to protect it from possums or birds or other thieves. But then all bananas will ripen at once! So be prepared.",
"You can preserve bananas for use in cooking and baking by peeling and freezing them. Or, to preserve them for eating, peel, split in half lengthwise and dry them.",
"Once the bunch is picked the rest of the plant will die quickly. Cut it to the ground, throw on some chook poo, and let the next sucker grow while you process all the bananas.",
"\"We grow some Cavendish bananas in a small area in the back garden and the biggest plant eventually produced a good-sized bunch of bananas. The bunch was nearly ready to pick when all the hands disappeared off the main stalk. There were no skins or any bits of fruit left on the ground.",
"We suspected that someone had stolen them until we looked closer on the ground under the bare stalk... There was a small mound of kanagaroo poo!",
"We didn't believe that the roos would eat bananas, until my wife was approached by one while she was eating a banana. She offered some to the roo who eagerly ate it and was looking for more. So there you go.\"",
"Commercial banana growers use bunch covers (plastic bags open at both ends that they slip over the bunch and tie at the top) to protect bananas from diseases, insects, sunburn and marauders. You can try to buy those bags at a rural supplies store, or beg some of a grower.",
"I used to bag my bananas (hard to get out of habits after four years of working on commercial plantations) but I don't bother any more. Even if the birds get a few, there are still more than enough left for me and the chickens and the dog and all friends and their families and freezing and drying... So why not let the wild birds (or kangaroos) partake of the bounty as well!",
"Learn how to grow mangoes, whether they come from a nursery or your own seed. Yes, growing mango trees from seed is easier than you may think.",
"Growing papaya from seed - the easiest way to ensure a year round supply of papaya from your garden. Papayas are fast growing shade trees and they look really good, too.",
"This site uses British English, that's what Europeans and Australians use (after all, permaculture originated in Australia). Words like for example \"favourite\" or \"colour\" might look unfamiliar to you. They are nevertheless correct!",
"TropicalPermaculture.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Growing Bananas - How To Grow Banana Plants And Keep Them Happy\n\ntropicalpermaculture.com\n\nMenu\n\n * Permaculture\n\n * What Is Permaculture\n * Permaculture Design\n * Permaculture Books\n * Growing Fruits\n * Growing Vegetables\n * Growing Herbs/Spices\n * About\n\n# Growing Bananas (Musa Spp.)\n\n## How To Grow Banana Plants And Keep Them Happy\n\nGrowing bananas does not take much effort, but it does require that you get a\nfew things right when you first get started...\n\nBanana plants can offer many benefits:\n\n * They make great windbreaks or screens,\n * they can keep the sun of the hot western side of your house,\n * they utilize the water and nutrients in waste drains (think washing water or outdoor shower),\n * the leaves can be fed to horses, cows and other grazers,\n * the dried remains of the trunks can be used for weaving baskets and mats.\n\nOh, and they give you bananas. Lots of bananas!\n\n25 kg of bananas in the making.\n\nBut when I look around friends' gardens then I see some pretty sad looking\nbanana plants growing there. It helps to understand what bananas like and\ndislike if you want them to be happy!\n\nBanana plants like:\n\n * Rich, dark, fertile soils.\n * Lots of mulch and organic matter. LOTS. Just keep piling it on.\n * Lot of nitrogen and potassium. (Chicken manure!)\n * Steady warmth, not too hot and not too cold. (Bananas are sissies when it comes to temperatures...)\n * Steady moisture, in the ground and in the air.\n * The shelter of other bananas! That's the most overlooked aspect by home growers...\n\nBanana plants dislike:\n\n * Strong winds.\n * Extreme heat or cold.\n * Being hungry or thirsty.\n * Being alone and exposed.\n\nMore detail on all that below.\n\n## Banana Varieties\n\nCavendish is the variety that you know from the supermarket. If you live near\na banana growing region, this is the variety you see in the plantations. It is\na stout plant that produces large heavy bunches.\n\nLady Fingers are very tall and slender plants and have smaller, sweeter fruit.\nThey are often grown by gardeners as ornamental plants with the small fruit\nbeing a bonus.\n\nPlantains are cooking bananas. They are drier and more starchy. You use them\ngreen like you would use potatoes, and they taste similar. 80% of all bananas\ngrown in the world are plantain varieties! They are an important staple food\nin many tropical countries.\n\nThere are many other exotic varieties, but those above are the most popular\nand most commonly grown.\n\nWhat I describe below and most of the pictures on this page refer to Cavendish\nbananas but the advice applies to all other varieties as well.\n\n## How Do Bananas Grow?\n\nBananas are not real trees, not even palm trees, even though they are often\ncalled banana palms. Bananas are perennial herbs. (Gingers, heliconias and\nbird-of-paradise flowers are distant relatives of bananas. They are in the\nsame order, Zingiberales.)\n\nBanana trunks consists of all the leaf stalks wrapped around each other. New\nleaves start growing inside, below the ground. They push up through the middle\nand emerge from the centre of the crown. So does the flower, which finally\nturns into a bunch of bananas.\n\nHere is a picture series showing how the flower looks at first, and how the\nbananas appear and curl up towards the light.\n\nThose pictures were taken over the course of a few days. You can pretty much\nwatch this happen. But now it will take another two months or so, depending on\nthe temperature, for the fruit to fill out and finally ripen.\n\nA banana plant takes about 9 months to grow up and produce a bunch of bananas.\nThen the mother plant dies. But around the base of it are many suckers or\npups, little baby plants.\n\nAt the base of a banana plant, under the ground, is a big rhizome called the\ncorm.\n\nThe rhizome has many growing points and those turn into new suckers/pups. The\nsuckers can be taken off and transplanted, and one or two can be left in\nposition to replace the mother plant.\n\nGreat, so now you know what to do once you have bananas growing in your\ngarden, but how do you start?\n\n## How To Get Started Growing Bananas\n\nFirst you need to make sure that you can in fact grow bananas where you are.\n\nYou need a tropical or warm subtropical climate. Bananas can handle extreme\nheat (if they have enough water), but they don't like it. They can handle cool\nweather for a short while, but they don't like that either. Below 14°C (57°F)\nthey just stop growing.\n\nIf the temperatures drop any lower the fruit suffers, the skin turns greyish\nand the leaves can turn yellow. Frost kills the plant above ground, but the\ncorm can survive and may re-shoot.\n\nThe ideal temperature range for banana growing is around 26-30°C (78-86°F).\n\nYou need a lot of water to grow bananas. The huge soft leaves evaporate a lot\nand you have to keep up the supply. Bananas also need high humidity to be\nhappy.\n\nWhere I live the commercial banana growers water their plants two or three\ntimes a day with sprinklers to keep up the humidity in the banana plantation!\n\nYou need very rich soil. If you don't have good soil to start with, make some.\nIncorporate lots and lots of compost and plenty of chicken manure before you\nplant your bananas. Wood ash for extra potassium doesn't hurt either. Then\nmulch them very thickly. And keep mulching and feeding them!\n\nAnd you need room so you can plant enough of them together. Bananas need\nshelter from wind. Growing many banana plants together increases the humidity\nin the middle, evens out temperature changes a bit, and it shades and cools\nthe trunks. You don't want to cook the flower that's forming in the middle...\n\nIf you get a chance, look at a commercial banana plantation somewhere. The\noutside rows, especially the western side, always look sad. The best bananas\ngrow on the inside.\n\nYou should plant bananas in blocks or clumps, not single rows and definitely\nnot single plants. If you have very little room you can grow a few banana\nplants together and grow something else on the outside to protect them. But\nyou do need to give them that sheltered jungle environment if you want them to\nbe happy.\n\n(Now, please don't send me any more emails letting me know that you are\nsuccessfully growing a solitary banana plant in a tub on your patio or in your\ngreenhouse or wherever. This is a permaculture site. We are not talking about\nkeeping plants alive outside their natural growing conditions. We are growing\nfood. Having said that, understanding what makes a banana plant happy will\nhelp you grow it just for fun and under sub-optimal conditions as well.)\n\n## Planting Bananas\n\nYou can not grow the usual bananas from seeds. These banana plants don't\nproduce viable seeds like wild bananas do.\n\nThe best way is to start with the above mentioned suckers or pups. Know\nsomeone who grows bananas? Talk to them. Every banana plant produces a lot\nmore suckers than you need, so people usually have plenty to give away.\n\nOnly take suckers from vigorous banana plants. The suckers should have small,\nspear shaped leaves and ideally be about four feet high. Smaller suckers will\ntake longer to fruit and the first banana bunch will be smaller.\n\nCut the sucker from the main banana plant with a sharp shovel. Cut downwards\nbetween the mature plant and the sucker. You have to cut through the corm.\nIt's not easy.\n\nMake sure you get a good chunk of corm and many roots with it. Chop the top\noff the sucker to reduce evaporation while you move it and while it settles\ninto its new home. Remember, the growing point is at the bottom of a banana\nplant. You can decapitate the sucker. It will grow back.\n\nAnother option is to dig up a bit of the rhizome and chop it into bits. Every\nbit that has an eye can be planted and will grow into a banana plant. But it\ntakes longer than growing banana suckers.\n\nPlant your bits or suckers in your well prepared banana patch, keeping two to\nfive metres between them.\n\nThe spacing depends on your layout. My bananas grow in a block of several\ndouble rows. Within the double rows the spacing is two to three metres, now\nwith two plants in each position, suckers of the initial plant. My double rows\nare four to five metres apart.\n\nI also have a banana circle around an outdoor shower with two metres at the\nmost between individual plants, and they are growing in a haphazard way. If\nyou have just a single clump of a few banana plants you can put them even\ncloser together.\n\nKeep your banana plants moist but not too wet in the early days or they may\nrot. They don't have leaves yet to evaporate water, so they don't need a lot\nof it.\n\n## Maintaining Your Banana Patch\n\nThe most common cause of death for bananas is lack of water. The most common\ncause for not getting fruit is starvation. Banana plants blow over in strong\nwinds.\n\nProtect them and feed them and water them and all will be well. Other than\nthat bananas don't need much maintenance.\n\nJust remove any dead leaves and cut down the dead plants every now and then.\n\nYou get bigger fruit if you remove all unwanted suckers, only keeping the best\none. After the initial planting you can leave two on healthy, vigorous plants.\nBeyond that it is better to keep one sucker per plant on average. Otherwise\nyour patch will become too crowded.\n\nThe best suckers are the ones with the small, spear shaped leaves, NOT the\npretty ones with the big round leaves!\n\nWhy? A sucker that is still fed by the mother plant does not need to do much\nphotosynthesis, so it doesn't need to produce big leaves.\n\nAnd a sucker that is well looked after by the mother plant will produce better\nfruit and be stronger than one that had to struggle on its own.\n\nA mature plantation is pretty much self mulching. Just throw all the leaves\nand old trunks etc. back under the plants. You can also grow other plants in\nthe understory to produce more mulch. (I use cassava, sweet potato and\ncrotolaria).\n\nYou just need to sprinkle on some fertiliser every now and then, to replace\nwhat you took out of the system when you took the bananas. Bananas are high in\npotassium, so ideally the fertiliser should be, too. Keep the fertiliser close\nto the trunk as bananas don't have big root systems.\n\n## Growing Banana Fruit\n\nYou may see your first flower emerge after about six months, depending on the\nweather. Leave the leaves around it, especially the one protecting the top\nbend of the stalk from sunburn!\n\nAs the purple flower petals curl back and drop off they reveal a \"hand\" of\nbananas under each. Each banana is a \"finger\".\n\nYou may get anything between four to a dozen or more full hands. Then, under\nthe next petal, you'll see a hand of teeny weeny excuses for bananas. Those\nare the male fingers.\n\nThe male fingers just dry and drop off. Only the stalk remains. If you let it\ngrow it will eventually reach the ground.\n\nSome people break off the \"bell\" (the bunch of purple flower petals at the\nend) about 15 cm below the last female hand. That way the banana plant puts\nits energy and reserves into growing big bananas, and not into growing a long\nstalk. Commercial banana growers also remove some of the bottom female hands,\nso the remaining bananas grow bigger.\n\nNot everyone thinks that way, though. This is a comment from one of my\nreaders:\n\n\"I never cut the flower off the bananas. The hummers (Ed: hummingbirds) love\nthem too much. As you said, there are always enough bananas around and though\nI sell them I have to keep my hummers happy.\"\n\nWell, and then you patiently wait for at least another two months.\n\nIf your banana plant is not very strong or not very straight you may have to\nprop your banana bunch, because it becomes very heavy, and a bunch can snap\noff or pull the whole plant over.\n\nA good prop would be a long stick with a u-shaped hook at the end. But a long\nenough plank or pole can do the job, too. I leave that to your ingenuity.\n\nBananas are ready to be picked when they look well rounded with ribs, and the\nlittle flowers at the end are dry and rub off easily. You can pick them now,\ngreen, and they will start ripening as soon as you pick them, no matter their\nsize.\n\nThey will eventually ripen on the bunch, too, and those bananas taste the\nbest. But once they start they ripen very quickly, faster than you can eat or\nuse them. So you may as well cut the top hands off a bit earlier and ripen\nthem on the kitchen bench.\n\nYou can also cut the whole bunch and hang it somewhere if you need to protect\nit from possums or birds or other thieves. But then all bananas will ripen at\nonce! So be prepared.\n\nYou can preserve bananas for use in cooking and baking by peeling and freezing\nthem. Or, to preserve them for eating, peel, split in half lengthwise and dry\nthem.\n\nOnce the bunch is picked the rest of the plant will die quickly. Cut it to the\nground, throw on some chook poo, and let the next sucker grow while you\nprocess all the bananas.\n\n#### The mystery of the missing banana bunch\n\nby reader Glenn Baxter\n\n\"We grow some Cavendish bananas in a small area in the back garden and the\nbiggest plant eventually produced a good-sized bunch of bananas. The bunch was\nnearly ready to pick when all the hands disappeared off the main stalk. There\nwere no skins or any bits of fruit left on the ground.\n\nWe suspected that someone had stolen them until we looked closer on the ground\nunder the bare stalk... There was a small mound of kanagaroo poo!\n\nWe didn't believe that the roos would eat bananas, until my wife was\napproached by one while she was eating a banana. She offered some to the roo\nwho eagerly ate it and was looking for more. So there you go.\"\n\nThe banana thief! © Photo: Glenn Baxter\n\nCommercial banana growers use bunch covers (plastic bags open at both ends\nthat they slip over the bunch and tie at the top) to protect bananas from\ndiseases, insects, sunburn and marauders. You can try to buy those bags at a\nrural supplies store, or beg some of a grower.\n\nI used to bag my bananas (hard to get out of habits after four years of\nworking on commercial plantations) but I don't bother any more. Even if the\nbirds get a few, there are still more than enough left for me and the chickens\nand the dog and all friends and their families and freezing and drying... So\nwhy not let the wild birds (or kangaroos) partake of the bounty as well!\n\n## You Might Also Like Growing These Fruits\n\n * ### How To Grow Passion Fruit? By Growing Passionfruit Seeds...\n\nGrowing passion fruit is quite easy. You can grow passionfruit from seed.\nHowever, in cooler climates you should...\n\n * ### Growing Mangoes And How To Grow Mango Trees From Seed\n\nLearn how to grow mangoes, whether they come from a nursery or your own seed.\nYes, growing mango trees from seed is easier than you may think.\n\n * ### How To Grow Papaya: Growing Papaya From Seeds\n\nGrowing papaya from seed - the easiest way to ensure a year round supply of\npapaya from your garden. Papayas are fast growing shade trees and they look\nreally good, too.\n\nReturn to top\n\nReturn to home page\n\nHome | Site Map | Privacy Policy | TOS | Contact Me\n\nCopyright © 2007- Birgit Bradtke. All rights reserved.\n\nThis site uses British English, that's what Europeans and Australians use\n(after all, permaculture originated in Australia). Words like for example\n\"favourite\" or \"colour\" might look unfamiliar to you. They are nevertheless\ncorrect!\n\nTropicalPermaculture.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC\nAssociates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a\nmeans for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to\namazon.com.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.promusa.org:80/Banana%20sucker",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170923212250/http://www.promusa.org:80/Banana%20sucker",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "News, knowledge and information on bananas",
"passages": [
"A sucker is a lateral shoot that develops from the rhizome and emerges from the soil usually near the parent plant. It is a form of asexual, or vegetative, reproduction, that makes the banana plant perennial. Suckers emerge and ensure a more or less continuous supply of shoots, each capable of producing an inflorescence. They have been used as planting material since the early days of domestication by severing them from the mat and transplanting them to a new location.",
"Both wild species of bananas and cultivated bananas produce suckers. The clump of plants formed by the parent plant and its suckers is commonly called a mat. The botanical term for a mat is genet, and for a sucker is ramet.",
"Wild species may produce few or many suckers. Over time, some form dense and compact mats. This strategy, together with dormant seeds that germinate in disturbed soil, enables wild bananas to quickly colonise the edges of disturbed forest clearings. Norman Simmonds referred to wild bananas as \"jungle weeds\"^[1].",
"Suckers arise from lateral buds on the rhizome. Each leaf that is attached to the rhizome has a lateral bud at its base. The formation of these lateral buds is suppressed from the time of floral initiation, when the aerial true stem begins to elongate^[2]^[3].",
"The numbers of lateral buds (Line A), swollen buds (Line B) and suckers (Line C) produced by 'Williams' plants (Cavendish subgroup). The plantation was established in spring (October) in subtropical New South Wales, Australia (Lat 29°S). Data derived from Turner (1972).",
"Each lateral bud that forms (Line A in the graph) is capable of growing into a sucker, but not all do so^[4]. Many of the lateral buds swell (Line B), but only some of these develop into suckers. They grow laterally for a distance and form a sucker that grows towards the soil surface (Line C). From 6% to 40% of lateral buds produce suckers, depending on the cultivar, seasonal conditions and the presence and stage of development of the parent plant^[5].",
"For a lateral bud to develop into a sucker a switch is necessary to begin growth and a supply of carbohydrates is needed to keep things going. A flush of gibberellin is thought to act as the switch^[6]. The bud also needs to be receptive to the flush of gibberellin. According to this hypothesis, a bud begins to grow when the gibberellin flush coincides with bud receptivity. Since the bud is a living organ, it needs an adequate supply of carbohydrates to support its growth into a sucker. The emergence of many suckers above the ground, such as happens in plantains (AAB) grown at high altitude (2200 m) ^[7] ^[5] means carbohydrate is available to support their growth. Far fewer suckers emerge in plantains grown at the same latitude but lower altitude (1100 m), implying that in these plants carbohydrate is either not available or not allocated to support sucker growth.",
"The sucker appears above the soil and its state is characterised in part by its appearance. Initially, suckers have only leaf sheaths without a midrib or lamina. In horticultural terminology they are called peeper suckers. Some remain at this stage without further growth. Others continue to grow and produce leaves with a midrib and a very narrow lamina. They are then called sword suckers. Sword suckers gradually produce leaves whose laminae are broad and of the adult form (see photo at the top of the page). The sucker selected to replace the parent plant is called the follower or ratoon. Sometimes, ratoon suckers that have not fruited are referred to as maiden suckers^[8], although this term is poorly defined, and it can be difficult to determine whether a sucker at this stage is vegetative or contains an unemerged bunch.",
"Lateral buds may survive on sections of the rhizome after the aerial stems of earlier generations have decayed. Suckers that arise from these lateral buds usually have a small rhizome and broad leaves. They are called water suckers and their connection to the rhizome is often structurally weak. For this reason, water suckers are not suitable for selection as a ratoon to continue the life of the mat into the next generation. However, water suckers can still be a source of planting material to establish a new plantation. Oppenheimer and Gottreich compared sword and water suckers, excised from the parent plant and of equivalent height at planting ^[9]. For plants that flowered at the same time, bunches from sword suckers and water suckers were of a similar size.",
"There are various local names for suckers, including keiki (in Hawaii) and pup (mostly used in the American garden nursery industry).",
"An excess of suckers can lead to reduced bunch weight, especially in ratoon crops^[10]. The number of suckers that are allowed to develop and mature is managed by pruning (desuckering)^[11].",
"Considerations such as the evenness of the crop and the position of the sucker in relation to the direction of the row and in relation to the bunch on the parent plant influence the selection of the follower in commercial plantations of Cavendish cultivars^[12]. Suckers can also be managed to time harvesting to meet market demands^[13].",
"6.2.9 Number of suckers (If any desuckering has been done, do not record anything. If no desuckering has been done, count only the suckers that are taller than 30 cm.)",
"6.2.10 Sucker development (Tallest sucker in relation to the mother plant. Recorded at harvest.) 1. Taller than the mother plant 2. More than 3/4 the height of the mother plant 3. 1/4 to 3/4 the height of the mother plant 4. Inhibited",
"6.2.10.b Suckers with tubular leaves (The descriptor refers to the tubular leaves of certain East African Highland bananas. It does not refer to the cigar leaf.) 1. Suckers with tubular leaves 2. Suckers without tubular leaves",
"6.2.11 Position of suckers 1. Far (more than 50 cm away from the mother plant) 2. Close to the mother plant (grows vertically) 3. Close to the mother plant (grows at an angle)",
"6.3.23 Blotches on leaves of water suckers (Leave blank if there is no water sucker. See Types of suckers above for the description of a water sucker) 1. Without blotches 2. Little or narrow blotches 3. Large purple blotches",
"3. Fisher J.B. 1978. Leaf opposed buds in Musa: their development and a comparison with allied monocotyledons. American Journal of Botany 65:784-791.",
"5. Turner, D.W., Fortescue, J.A., Ocimati, W. and Blomme, G. 2016. Plantain cultivars (Musa spp. AAB) grown at different altitudes demonstrate cool temperature and photoperiod responses relevant to genetic improvement. Field Crops Research 194:103-111.",
"6. Swennen, R., Wilson, G.F., De Langhe, E. 1984. Preliminary investigation of the effects of gibberellic acid (GA_3) on sucker development in plantain (Musa cv AAB) under field conditions. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) 61, 253-256.",
"9. Oppenheimer, C. and Gottreich, M. 1954. Studies on growth and development of the dwarf banana in the coastal plain of Israel: III. Comparative value, as planting material, of suckers from young and old rhizomes. Ktavim 5(1):53-55.",
"10. Robinson J.C., Nel D.J. 1990. Competitive inhibition of yield potential in a ‘Williams’ banana plantation due to excessive sucker growth. Scientia Horticulturae 43:225-236.",
"12. Managing following suckers in bananas on the website of the Queensland Department of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. Retrieved 12 January 2015",
"14. IPGRI, INIBAP, CIRAD. 1996. Descriptors for Banana (Musa spp.). IPGRI, Rome, Italy; INIBAP, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, France. 55 pp.",
"TC, or not TC. Is that the question? Blog comparing the performance of tissue- culture banana plantlets and suckers as planting material.",
"Propagation protocols and standards for bananas, chapter in FAO plant production and protection paper 195. Also available in French and Spanish.",
"This website is maintained by Bioversity International as part of the CGIAR Research Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas supported by CGIAR Fund Donors."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Banana sucker | News, knowledge and information on bananas\n\nLoading...\n\n * English (en)\n * Translate\n\n * Page actions\n\n# Sucker\n\nSucker\n\nN. Roux, Bioversity International\n\nA fruit-bearing parent plant (left) and a ratoon sucker (right).\n\nA sucker is a lateral shoot that develops from the rhizome and emerges from\nthe soil usually near the parent plant. It is a form of asexual, or\nvegetative, reproduction, that makes the banana plant perennial. Suckers\nemerge and ensure a more or less continuous supply of shoots, each capable of\nproducing an inflorescence. They have been used as planting material since the\nearly days of domestication by severing them from the mat and transplanting\nthem to a new location.\n\nBoth wild species of bananas and cultivated bananas produce suckers. The clump\nof plants formed by the parent plant and its suckers is commonly called a mat.\nThe botanical term for a mat is genet, and for a sucker is ramet.\n\nWild species may produce few or many suckers. Over time, some form dense and\ncompact mats. This strategy, together with dormant seeds that germinate in\ndisturbed soil, enables wild bananas to quickly colonise the edges of\ndisturbed forest clearings. Norman Simmonds referred to wild bananas as\n\"jungle weeds\"^[1].\n\nContents\n\n * Sucker development\n * Types of suckers\n * Local names\n * Sucker management\n * Taxonomic descriptors\n * References\n * Further reading\n\n## Sucker development\n\nSuckers arise from lateral buds on the rhizome. Each leaf that is attached to\nthe rhizome has a lateral bud at its base. The formation of these lateral buds\nis suppressed from the time of floral initiation, when the aerial true stem\nbegins to elongate^[2]^[3].\n\nThe numbers of lateral buds (Line A), swollen buds (Line B) and suckers (Line\nC) produced by 'Williams' plants (Cavendish subgroup). The plantation was\nestablished in spring (October) in subtropical New South Wales, Australia (Lat\n29°S). Data derived from Turner (1972).\n\nEach lateral bud that forms (Line A in the graph) is capable of growing into a\nsucker, but not all do so^[4]. Many of the lateral buds swell (Line B), but\nonly some of these develop into suckers. They grow laterally for a distance\nand form a sucker that grows towards the soil surface (Line C). From 6% to 40%\nof lateral buds produce suckers, depending on the cultivar, seasonal\nconditions and the presence and stage of development of the parent plant^[5].\n\nFor a lateral bud to develop into a sucker a switch is necessary to begin\ngrowth and a supply of carbohydrates is needed to keep things going. A flush\nof gibberellin is thought to act as the switch^[6]. The bud also needs to be\nreceptive to the flush of gibberellin. According to this hypothesis, a bud\nbegins to grow when the gibberellin flush coincides with bud receptivity.\nSince the bud is a living organ, it needs an adequate supply of carbohydrates\nto support its growth into a sucker. The emergence of many suckers above the\nground, such as happens in plantains (AAB) grown at high altitude (2200 m)\n^[7] ^[5] means carbohydrate is available to support their growth. Far fewer\nsuckers emerge in plantains grown at the same latitude but lower altitude\n(1100 m), implying that in these plants carbohydrate is either not available\nor not allocated to support sucker growth.\n\n## Types of suckers\n\nThe sucker appears above the soil and its state is characterised in part by\nits appearance. Initially, suckers have only leaf sheaths without a midrib or\nlamina. In horticultural terminology they are called peeper suckers. Some\nremain at this stage without further growth. Others continue to grow and\nproduce leaves with a midrib and a very narrow lamina. They are then called\nsword suckers. Sword suckers gradually produce leaves whose laminae are broad\nand of the adult form (see photo at the top of the page). The sucker selected\nto replace the parent plant is called the follower or ratoon. Sometimes,\nratoon suckers that have not fruited are referred to as maiden suckers^[8],\nalthough this term is poorly defined, and it can be difficult to determine\nwhether a sucker at this stage is vegetative or contains an unemerged bunch.\n\nSword sucker (left) and water sucker (right) (photo by C. Staver, Bioversity)\n\nLateral buds may survive on sections of the rhizome after the aerial stems of\nearlier generations have decayed. Suckers that arise from these lateral buds\nusually have a small rhizome and broad leaves. They are called water suckers\nand their connection to the rhizome is often structurally weak. For this\nreason, water suckers are not suitable for selection as a ratoon to continue\nthe life of the mat into the next generation. However, water suckers can still\nbe a source of planting material to establish a new plantation. Oppenheimer\nand Gottreich compared sword and water suckers, excised from the parent plant\nand of equivalent height at planting ^[9]. For plants that flowered at the\nsame time, bunches from sword suckers and water suckers were of a similar\nsize.\n\n## Local names\n\nThere are various local names for suckers, including keiki (in Hawaii) and pup\n(mostly used in the American garden nursery industry).\n\n## Sucker management\n\nAn excess of suckers can lead to reduced bunch weight, especially in ratoon\ncrops^[10]. The number of suckers that are allowed to develop and mature is\nmanaged by pruning (desuckering)^[11].\n\nConsiderations such as the evenness of the crop and the position of the sucker\nin relation to the direction of the row and in relation to the bunch on the\nparent plant influence the selection of the follower in commercial plantations\nof Cavendish cultivars^[12]. Suckers can also be managed to time harvesting to\nmeet market demands^[13].\n\n## Taxonomic descriptors\n\nList of the sucker-related descriptors used to characterize banana\nplants^[14].\n\n6.2.9 Number of suckers (If any desuckering has been done, do not record\nanything. If no desuckering has been done, count only the suckers that are\ntaller than 30 cm.)\n\n6.2.10 Sucker development (Tallest sucker in relation to the mother plant.\nRecorded at harvest.) 1. Taller than the mother plant 2. More than 3/4 the\nheight of the mother plant 3. 1/4 to 3/4 the height of the mother plant 4.\nInhibited\n\n6.2.10.b Suckers with tubular leaves (The descriptor refers to the tubular\nleaves of certain East African Highland bananas. It does not refer to the\ncigar leaf.) 1. Suckers with tubular leaves 2. Suckers without tubular leaves\n\n6.2.11 Position of suckers 1. Far (more than 50 cm away from the mother plant)\n2. Close to the mother plant (grows vertically) 3. Close to the mother plant\n(grows at an angle)\n\n6.3.23 Blotches on leaves of water suckers (Leave blank if there is no water\nsucker. See Types of suckers above for the description of a water sucker) 1.\nWithout blotches 2. Little or narrow blotches 3. Large purple blotches\n\n## References\n\n1\\. Simmonds, N.W. 1962. The evolution of the bananas. Tropical Science\nSeries. Longmans, London, UK. 170p.\n\n2\\. Barker, W.G. and Steward, F.C. 1962. Growth and Development of the Banana\nPlant I. The Growing Regions of the Vegetative Shoot. Annals of Botany\n26(3):389-411.\n\n3\\. Fisher J.B. 1978. Leaf opposed buds in Musa: their development and a\ncomparison with allied monocotyledons. American Journal of Botany 65:784-791.\n\n4\\. Turner, D.W. 1972. Banana plant growth. 1: Gross morphology. Australian\nJournal of Experimental Agriculture and Animal Husbandry 12:209-215.\n\n5\\. Turner, D.W., Fortescue, J.A., Ocimati, W. and Blomme, G. 2016. Plantain\ncultivars (Musa spp. AAB) grown at different altitudes demonstrate cool\ntemperature and photoperiod responses relevant to genetic improvement. Field\nCrops Research 194:103-111.\n\n6\\. Swennen, R., Wilson, G.F., De Langhe, E. 1984. Preliminary investigation\nof the effects of gibberellic acid (GA_3) on sucker development in plantain\n(Musa cv AAB) under field conditions. Tropical Agriculture (Trinidad) 61,\n253-256.\n\n7\\. Sikyolo I, Sivirihauma C, Ndungo V, De Langhe E, Ocimati W, Blomme G\n(2013) Growth and yield of plantain cultivars at four sites of differing\naltitude in North Kivu, Eastern Democratic Republic of Congo. In: Blomme G,\nvan Asten P, Vanlauwe B (Eds.) Banana Systems in the Humid Highlands of Sub-\nSaharan Africa, CAB International, Wallingford, pp 48-57.\n\n8\\. Simmonds, N.W. 1966. Bananas. 2nd Edn. Tropical Agriculture Series.\nLongmans, Harlow, UK. 512p.\n\n9\\. Oppenheimer, C. and Gottreich, M. 1954. Studies on growth and development\nof the dwarf banana in the coastal plain of Israel: III. Comparative value, as\nplanting material, of suckers from young and old rhizomes. Ktavim 5(1):53-55.\n\n10\\. Robinson J.C., Nel D.J. 1990. Competitive inhibition of yield potential\nin a ‘Williams’ banana plantation due to excessive sucker growth. Scientia\nHorticulturae 43:225-236.\n\n11\\. Robinson J.C. and Galan-Sauco V. 2010. Bananas and Plantains. 2nd Ed.\nCABI, Wallingford, U.K.\n\n12\\. Managing following suckers in bananas on the website of the Queensland\nDepartment of Agriculture, Fisheries and Forestry. Retrieved 12 January 2015\n\n13\\. Nurse suckering: a useful banana crop management option, retrieved 10\nApril 2017\n\n14\\. IPGRI, INIBAP, CIRAD. 1996. Descriptors for Banana (Musa spp.). IPGRI,\nRome, Italy; INIBAP, Montpellier, France; CIRAD, France. 55 pp.\n\n## Further reading\n\nTC, or not TC. Is that the question? Blog comparing the performance of tissue-\nculture banana plantlets and suckers as planting material.\n\nPropagation protocols and standards for bananas, chapter in FAO plant\nproduction and protection paper 195. Also available in French and Spanish.\n\nContributors to this page: Anne Vézina , David W. Turner and Jane Gibbs . Page\nlast modified on Wednesday, 20 September 2017 15:03:24 CEST by Anne Vézina.\n\nEdit History Comments\n\n * Contributions by author\n * Similar\n * Translate\n\n### Search Musapedia\n\nMain page\n\nPages in English\n\nPages en français\n\nPáginas en español\n\n### Musapedia thematic portals\n\n### Musapedia toolbox\n\n### Latest changes\n\n * Cavendish subgroup\n * Musa acuminata\n * Musa balbisiana\n * Banana cultivar checklist\n * Banana sucker\n * ITC\n * Bunchy top\n * NARITA hybrids\n * Vitamin A in banana\n * Lois Englberger\n\n...more\n\nAbout ProMusa How we are organized Secretariat\n\nSymposia Upcoming symposia Past symposia Hosting a symposium\n\nInfoMus@ News & analysis Under the peel Mediawatch In pictures Announcements\n\nMusapedia The banana plant Wild species Cultivar diversity Pests & diseases\nPesticide-reducing practices Banana-producing countries Organizations\n\nBanana networks BAPNET BARNESA Innovate Plantain MUSALAC MusaNet World Banana\nForum\n\nFollow us on\n\nSign-up for the newsletter\n\nDatabases Musalit Musarama Musacontacts\n\nThis website is maintained by Bioversity International as part of the CGIAR\nResearch Program on Roots, Tubers and Bananas supported by CGIAR Fund Donors.\n\nPrivacy policy and cookies\n\nExcept where otherwise noted, content on this site is licensed under a\nCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.fast-growing-trees.com/blog/banana-trees-key-tips-lead-tons-fruit/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171231025450/https://www.fast-growing-trees.com/blog/banana-trees-key-tips-lead-tons-fruit/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Banana Trees: These key tips lead to tons of fruit",
"passages": [
"You know what really makes us go bananas? Bananas! Their vibrant yellow peels attract our attention and their sweet creamy flesh is irresistible for snacking. Some of the most popular summer time desserts like banana pudding and ice cream sundaes include bananas, but did you know that while complimenting sweet treats bananas are filled with tons of nutrients?",
"We aren’t monkeying around here. Bananas are an excellent source of calcium, potassium, vitamin A, vitamin C, fiber, electrolytes and more to fuel the body with natural energy, protect your skin, hair and heart, to keep you full longer and to prevent cramps.",
"There are a million reasons to add bananas to your diet, but why make frequent trips to the grocery store for imported bananas full of pesticides and chemicals when you can grow your own delicious, organic bananas at home? Then you’ll have lush, tropical trees with tons of fresh fruit on hand.",
"The Cold Hardy Banana Tree or ‘Basjoo’ is an ornamental banana tree with a tropical look, but it won’t produce fruit.",
"The Ice Cream Banana tastes incredibly sweet with hints of vanilla. Their soft creamy texture melts in the mouth and can be quite addicting.",
"Know your growing zone. Most fruiting bananas are cold hardy to growing zones 9 – 11. If you live farther North than growing zone 9 place your banana trees in containers and bring them inside during the colder months.",
"Give your tree a buddy. Banana Trees don’t like to be alone and prefer to do things in groups. A group of 3 or more banana trees is best.",
"Place them in an area that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight a day. If your trees are kept inside place them near a large sunny window.",
"They are sensitive to wind, so make sure that your trees don’t end up in an area of your yard that gets hit by heavy, cold winds. Placing them near a wall or behind a row of evergreens will help protect them.",
"Banana trees prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH balance ranging from 5.5 to 6.5. You can test the pH of your soil with a kit from a local gardening store. You can raise the acidity of your soil by adding peat moss or a fertilizer that’s high in nitrogen.",
"Keep the soil moist but not over saturated. When banana trees sit in water they are susceptible to root rot. You can improve the drainage of your soil by adding organic material like peat moss to it. If your tree is in a container, make sure it has drainage holes at the bottom. If it doesn’t have holes, they can easily be added with a drill.",
"Keep Your Banana Trees warm in the winter. Cover their bases with mulch to insulate their roots, and to keep weeds away. If the threat of frost arises cover your tree with a sheet or burlap to protect the leaves. Uncover it the next morning.",
"During the summer fertilize your banana trees once a month with a well- balanced, all natural, organic fertilizer. Formula 10-10-10 is an excellent choice.",
"After your banana harvest cut your tree back to about 30 inches and let the stem dry out for about two weeks before removing it. Banana stalks only produce fruit once, so it’s important to cut them back in order for new fruit to grow.",
"You’re peeling your bananas wrong. Bananas are much harder to open at their stem. Instead you’re supposed to open them on the opposite side at the top, to avoid mashing or bruising the fruit. This is how monkeys do it! Plus, if you notice in cartoons banana peels on the ground are attached at their stems.",
"12 years ago I was sitting around, talking with two of my favorite, fellow Plant Geeks. We were trying to figure out why so many, superior plant varieties were not available to the public and were seldom offered in Garden Centers. Instead, the stores sold less attractive, older varieties, proven to be disease and insect prone. They also sold the sprays and chemicals that their customers would eventually need. The Ah Ha moment hit us and a company was formed. We decided that we would only offer the highest quality plants that must be Easy to Grow.",
"I live in CT. i have a greenhouse that i can totally control the heat and humidity. i have several varieties of bananas that i purchased with a promise that they would fruit. they are mostly 4-5′ high. i have had them several years and they do not fruit. someone said that i need a “growing light”. Is that true? where do i get one? how long should it stay on? I have timers.",
"Why does my banana flower loose it’s new banana shoots after I only get 3 or 4 good ones. The new ones under each flower flap opens then fall to the ground? I fertilize with 20-20-20 once a month. My plants are huge."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Banana Trees: These key tips lead to tons of fruit | Fast-growing-Trees.com\n\n * Blog Home\n * Buying Guides\n\n * Apple Trees: Buying Guide\n * Evergreen Tree: Buying Guide\n * Flowering Trees: Everything you Ever Wanted to Know\n * Privacy Trees: Everything you Ever Wanted to Know\n * Shop Now!\n\nFast-growing-Trees.com\n\n * Blog Home\n * Buying Guides\n\n * Apple Trees: Buying Guide\n * Evergreen Tree: Buying Guide\n * Flowering Trees: Everything you Ever Wanted to Know\n * Privacy Trees: Everything you Ever Wanted to Know\n * Shop Now!\n\nHome Fruit Trees\n\nBanana Trees: These key tips lead to tons of fruit\n\n * Fruit Trees\n * How to plant\n * Indoor Plants\n\n# Banana Trees: These key tips lead to tons of fruit\n\nBy\n\nPam\n\n-\n\nApril 20, 2016\n\n8604\n\n3\n\nYou know what really makes us go bananas? Bananas! Their vibrant yellow peels\nattract our attention and their sweet creamy flesh is irresistible for\nsnacking. Some of the most popular summer time desserts like banana pudding\nand ice cream sundaes include bananas, but did you know that while\ncomplimenting sweet treats bananas are filled with tons of nutrients?\n\nWe aren’t monkeying around here. Bananas are an excellent source of calcium,\npotassium, vitamin A, vitamin C, fiber, electrolytes and more to fuel the body\nwith natural energy, protect your skin, hair and heart, to keep you full\nlonger and to prevent cramps.\n\nThere are a million reasons to add bananas to your diet, but why make frequent\ntrips to the grocery store for imported bananas full of pesticides and\nchemicals when you can grow your own delicious, organic bananas at home? Then\nyou’ll have lush, tropical trees with tons of fresh fruit on hand.\n\n## The Secrets For Tons Of Bananas\n\nSelect the right variety. Sometimes when a tree says ‘banana’ it doesn’t mean\nthat it produces fruit.\n\n * The Cold Hardy Banana Tree or ‘Basjoo’ is an ornamental banana tree with a tropical look, but it won’t produce fruit.\n * The Cavendish Banana tastes sweet and it is the banana variety that is most commonly found in super markets.\n * Grand ‘Naine’ Bananas taste even sweeter with a softer and creamier texture than the Cavendish.\n * The Ice Cream Banana tastes incredibly sweet with hints of vanilla. Their soft creamy texture melts in the mouth and can be quite addicting.\n * Red Bananas are sweet with a tropical tang similar to mangos.\n\nKnow your growing zone. Most fruiting bananas are cold hardy to growing zones\n9 – 11. If you live farther North than growing zone 9 place your banana trees\nin containers and bring them inside during the colder months.\n\nGive your tree a buddy. Banana Trees don’t like to be alone and prefer to do\nthings in groups. A group of 3 or more banana trees is best.\n\nPlace them in an area that receives at least six hours of direct sunlight a\nday. If your trees are kept inside place them near a large sunny window.\n\nThey are sensitive to wind, so make sure that your trees don’t end up in an\narea of your yard that gets hit by heavy, cold winds. Placing them near a wall\nor behind a row of evergreens will help protect them.\n\nBanana trees prefer slightly acidic soil with a pH balance ranging from 5.5 to\n6.5. You can test the pH of your soil with a kit from a local gardening store.\nYou can raise the acidity of your soil by adding peat moss or a fertilizer\nthat’s high in nitrogen.\n\nKeep the soil moist but not over saturated. When banana trees sit in water\nthey are susceptible to root rot. You can improve the drainage of your soil by\nadding organic material like peat moss to it. If your tree is in a container,\nmake sure it has drainage holes at the bottom. If it doesn’t have holes, they\ncan easily be added with a drill.\n\nKeep Your Banana Trees warm in the winter. Cover their bases with mulch to\ninsulate their roots, and to keep weeds away. If the threat of frost arises\ncover your tree with a sheet or burlap to protect the leaves. Uncover it the\nnext morning.\n\nDuring the summer fertilize your banana trees once a month with a well-\nbalanced, all natural, organic fertilizer. Formula 10-10-10 is an excellent\nchoice.\n\nAfter your banana harvest cut your tree back to about 30 inches and let the\nstem dry out for about two weeks before removing it. Banana stalks only\nproduce fruit once, so it’s important to cut them back in order for new fruit\nto grow.\n\n## Banana Facts\n\nThe average American consumes over 28 pounds of bananas a year.\n\nThe banana is the fruit that’s most often used as a pretend phone.\n\nYou’re peeling your bananas wrong. Bananas are much harder to open at their\nstem. Instead you’re supposed to open them on the opposite side at the top, to\navoid mashing or bruising the fruit. This is how monkeys do it! Plus, if you\nnotice in cartoons banana peels on the ground are attached at their stems.\n\nClusters of bananas are called hands, and individual bananas are called\nfingers.\n\nBananas are actually large berries.\n\nBananas are available all year and are harvested everyday.\n\n## Grow Bananas\n\n>\n\nBanana Trees are an excellent addition to the landscape and can be kept in\ncontainers indoors. They have large, wide and flat tropical leaves to give any\nspace an exotic feel. Plus, they produce bushels of sweet bananas that are\nfull of healthy benefits!\n\nSHARE\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\n * tweet\n\nPrevious articleEverything you need to know for tons Strawberries\n\nNext articleFastest Growing Trees Will Add Instant Beauty To Your Landscape\n\nPam\n\n12 years ago I was sitting around, talking with two of my favorite, fellow\nPlant Geeks. We were trying to figure out why so many, superior plant\nvarieties were not available to the public and were seldom offered in Garden\nCenters. Instead, the stores sold less attractive, older varieties, proven to\nbe disease and insect prone. They also sold the sprays and chemicals that\ntheir customers would eventually need. The Ah Ha moment hit us and a company\nwas formed. We decided that we would only offer the highest quality plants\nthat must be Easy to Grow.\n\n * Pingback: Banana Trees: These Key Tips Lead To Tons Of Fruit()\n\n * sam mazzarelli\n\nI live in CT. i have a greenhouse that i can totally control the heat and\nhumidity. i have several varieties of bananas that i purchased with a promise\nthat they would fruit. they are mostly 4-5′ high. i have had them several\nyears and they do not fruit. someone said that i need a “growing light”. Is\nthat true? where do i get one? how long should it stay on? I have timers.\n\n * Mike\n\nWhy does my banana flower loose it’s new banana shoots after I only get 3 or 4\ngood ones. The new ones under each flower flap opens then fall to the ground?\nI fertilize with 20-20-20 once a month. My plants are huge.\n\n#### Newest Posts\n\n * Fall: The Perfect Time to Garden October 3, 2017\n * Reducing & Preventing Diseases in your Garden September 27, 2017\n * 5 Ways to Increase the Value of Your Home September 13, 2017\n * 5 Ways to Get More Bang for Your Buck with Potted Plants August 30, 2017\n * 5 Ridiculously Clever Ways to Preserve Cut Flowers! August 16, 2017\n\n#### Recent Comments\n\n * Amanda on Meyer Lemon Trees: 7 Secrets for Loads of Fruit\n * Eddie on Meyer Lemon Trees: 7 Secrets for Loads of Fruit\n * Pepi LeTourneau on Autumn Blaze Maples: 15 Reasons Why They Are Best\n * Candlelite on Meyer Lemon Trees: 7 Secrets for Loads of Fruit\n * Dave G on Crape Myrtles: How to Prune, not Murder\n\n#### Topics\n\n * Apples4\n * Avocados4\n * Container Gardening1\n * Eco Friendly19\n * Edible Gardening3\n * Fall13\n * Fall planting10\n * Fertilizer6\n * Flowering Trees23\n * Fruit Trees28\n * Gifts2\n * Health11\n * How to plant14\n * Indoor Plants29\n * Plant zones5\n * Privacy Trees21\n * Pruning11\n * Roses6\n * Shrubs24\n * Spring18\n * Uncategorized8\n * Winterizing trees9\n\n#### Follow us on Instagram @fastgrowingtrees\n\n#### POPULAR POSTS\n\n### Meyer Lemon Trees: 7 Secrets for Loads of Fruit\n\nMarch 4, 2015\n\n### Privacy Trees: These 4 Grow the Fastest\n\nApril 1, 2015\n\n### Dogwood Trees: History, Facts, and Growing Tips\n\nApril 15, 2015\n\n#### POPULAR CATEGORY\n\n * Indoor Plants29\n * Fruit Trees28\n * Shrubs24\n * Flowering Trees23\n * Privacy Trees21\n * Eco Friendly19\n * Spring18\n * How to plant14\n * Fall13\n\n© Copyright 2005-2017 Fast Growing Trees Nursery | 2621 Old Nation Rd. Fort\nMill, SC 29715\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.floridahillnursery.com/banana-tree-plants-c-3",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200422102722/https://www.floridahillnursery.com/banana-tree-plants-c-3",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Banana tree plants",
"passages": [
"Florida Hill Nursery is your online tropical internet source for banana plants and trees. We have assembled a wide variety of Musa banana tree plants from around the world for you to choose from. Please look around and make yourself at home. Be sure to check out our Bio Spectrum organic fertilizer before you go.",
"Plants for sale are Dwarf Cavendish banana plant Produces extra Large bunches of Grade A bananas on compact 8' plants. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from t..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Double Mahoi banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Musa Doubl..",
"Plants for sale are Mona Lisa banana plant s Plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". grown from tissue cultures to a disease free replica of the mother plant. Mona Lisa It is a hybrid that has been marketed as a 'pesticide-free' b..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Basjoo plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. The Musa Basjoo Banana Tree is the world's most cold hardy banana tre..",
"Plants for sale are Ensete Maurelii 4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. The Ensete maurelii is also called Red Abyssinian..",
"Plants for sale are Margarita banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. An ele..",
"Plants for sale are Dwarf Brazilian Plants are between 4\"- 24' tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. The Dwarf Brazilian is very similar to t..",
"Plants for sale are Little Prince banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Du..",
"Plants for sale are Manzano Apple Banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Manzano is Spa..",
"sumatrana x cross banana, sumatrana x cross plant, musa sumatrana x cross, sumatrana x cross banana plant, sumatrana x cross banana tree",
"Plants for sale are Sumatrana X cross banana plant Plants are currently growing in \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 5\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replic..",
"Plants for sale are Mekong Giant bananaPlants are currently growing in \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. ..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Ice Cream banana plant or, as it is sometimes referred to, Blue Java. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". grown from tissue cultures to a disease free replica of..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Zebrina banana plants Plants for sale are between 4-8\" tall. Fleshy, rubber-like red banana leaves make this oversize perennial a winner. Dark markings on the leaves make this cultivar especiall..",
"Plants for sale are Truly Tiny banana Plant Plants are currently growing 4\" deep pots, but will not be shipped in pots. plants are between 3\"- 6\" tall Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Gros MichelPlants for sale are between 6-16\" tall. Gros Michel is the \"lost\" Heirloom banana. Diseases destroyed most plantations in the early 19th century. These great \"standard\" bananas taste better than modern..",
"Plants for sale are Musa \"Gold Finger FHIA-1\" banana plant \"4\" deep containers, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother pla..",
"Plants for sale are Grand Nain Banana plantsGrand Nain is grown by and bears the name Chiquita. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mo..",
"Plants for sale are a FHIA-18 banana plant FHIA-18 is cold hardy and produces apple tasting bottle-necked fruit that resembles the Manzano but unlike the Manzano, FHIA-18 can be eaten fresh or boiled. Another new Variety of..",
"Plants for sale are a hybrid Candavish FHIA-17 banana plant variety. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". Don't let the name fool you this plant is all business, each plant is grown from ..",
"Plants for sale are Dwarf Red banana Another new Variety of banana that is sure to take the spotlight. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disea..",
"Plants for sale are Dwarf Orinoco banana plant Plants are currently growing 4\" deep pots. plants are between 5\"-16\" tall Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother p..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Dwarf Namwa banana plant . Growing in 4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother p..",
"Plants for sale are Musa FHIA-3 Sweetheart banana plants \"4\" deep containers, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plan..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Velutina, banana plants Plants are between 4\"- 24' tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. This ornamental boast..",
"Plants for sale are Veinte Cohol banana plants Plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. This newly released variety ..",
"Plants for sale are Thai Black banana plant Cold Hardy banana tree, \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother ..",
"Plants for sale are Super Plantain banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall They grow fast!! Super plantain is named so for its ability to produce fruit in 11 months!!! Super Plantain produces an A+ superi..",
"Plants for sale are Musa 'Bengal Tiger' This giant variegated cold hardy musa boasts dark green leaves that are heavily splotched with red. The underside of the leaves are solid red and appear to \"flash\" when the wind m..",
"Plants for sale are a Siam Ruby banana plant Another new Variety of banana that is sure to take the spotlight... \"4\" deep containers, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue culture..",
"Plants for sale are Musa 'Saba' This Giant var of banana tree is very sturdy plant and can grow to up to 25 feet tall with a 2' wide trunk. This banana has good cold tolerance and wind resistance. The trunk can g..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Red Tiger plantain banana plants Plants are between 4\"- 24' tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Red Tiger is very..",
"Plants for sale are Red Iholene banana plant Plants are currently growing in \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 6\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of th..",
"Plants for sale are Musa Praying Hands \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Musa Praying hands..",
"misis luki banana plant, musa misi luki, misi luki banana tree, lady finger banana, lady finger misi luki plant, misi luki plant, lady finger banana plant",
"Plants for sale are Misi Luki banana plants Plants are currently growing in \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 5\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of th..",
"Plants for sale are Kandarian banana plant \"4\" deep containers, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Kandarian re..",
"Plants for sale are Glui Kai banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". Glui Kai is one of the fastest fruiting specimens available, Its fruiting time is less than 10 months. Glui K..",
"Plants for sale are Giant Plantain banana plant . \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Finally a cold hardy Plantain!!! Giant Plantain produces an A+ superior cooking fruit that is predominantly used for \"maduros\"..",
"Plants for sale are 1000 Fingers banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". grown from tissue cultures to a disease free replica of the mother plant. A most unusual banana, ‘1000 Fingers’.."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Banana tree plants\n\nCategories\n\n * Alocasia Elephant ear plants\n\n * Banana tree plants\n\n * Blackberry plants Rubus\n\n * Canna lily Cannaceae plants\n\n * Colocasia Elephant ear plant\n\n * Dragon fruit vines Hylocereus\n\n * Elephant ear plants\n\n * Fruit -n- Berries plants\n\n * Ginger Alipinia plants\n\n * Iris plants\n\n * Kiwi actinidia vines\n\n * Living wall plants\n\n * Mango Trees\n\n * Muscadine Vitus Grape Vine plant\n\n * Orchids\n\n * Organic Fertilizers\n\n * Papaya Trees\n\n * Passion fruit vines\n\n * Philodendron plants\n\n * Pineapple plants\n\n * Subtropical fruit trees\n\n * Syngonium plants\n\n * Terrarium plants\n\n * Tropical fruit trees\n\nHome\n\nPlants\n\nAlocasia Elephant ear plants Banana tree plants Blackberry plants Rubus Canna\nlily Cannaceae plants Colocasia Elephant ear plant Dragon fruit vines\nHylocereus Elephant ear plants Fruit -n- Berries plants Ginger Alipinia plants\nIris plants Kiwi actinidia vines Living wall plants Mango Trees Muscadine\nVitus Grape Vine plant Orchids Organic Fertilizers Papaya Trees Passion fruit\nvines Philodendron plants Pineapple plants Subtropical fruit trees Syngonium\nplants Terrarium plants Tropical fruit trees\n\nSpecials\n\nGift Certificates\n\nShipping & Returns\n\nContact Us\n\nCart\n\n * Banana tree plants\n\nAlocasia Elephant ear plants Banana tree plants Blackberry plants Rubus Canna\nlily Cannaceae plants Colocasia Elephant ear plant Dragon fruit vines\nHylocereus Elephant ear plants Fig plants Ficus carica Fruit -n- Berries\nplants Ginger Alipinia plants Iris plants Kiwi actinidia vines Living wall\nplants Mango Trees Muscadine Vitus Grape Vine plant Orchids Organic\nFertilizers Papaya Trees Passion fruit vines Philodendron plants Pineapple\nplants Subtropical fruit trees Syngonium plants Terrarium plants Tropical\nfruit trees Tropical plants\n\n## Banana tree plants\n\nFlorida Hill Nursery is your online tropical internet source for banana plants\nand trees. We have assembled a wide variety of Musa banana tree plants from\naround the world for you to choose from. Please look around and make yourself\nat home. Be sure to check out our Bio Spectrum organic fertilizer before you\ngo.\n\nProduct Compare (0)\n\nDwarf Cavendish, Dwarf Cavendish plant, Dwarf Cavendish banana, Dwarf\nCavendish banana plant, Dwarf Cavendish banana tree, musa Dwarf Cavendish,\nmusa Dwarf Cavendish plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Dwarf Cavendish\"...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Dwarf Cavendish banana plant Produces extra Large bunches\nof Grade A bananas on compact 8' plants. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"-\n24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from t..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nDouble Mahoi banana plant, Double Mahoi banana, Double Mahoi banana tree, musa\nDouble Mahoi, musa Double Mahoi plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Double Mahoi\" mu...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Double Mahoi banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are\nbetween 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue\ncultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Musa Doubl..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nmona lisa banana, musa mona lisa, mona lisa banana plant, mona lisa banana\ntree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Mona Lisa\" Musa...\n\n$9.99\n\nPlants for sale are Mona Lisa banana plant s Plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall\n\"They grow fast!!\". grown from tissue cultures to a disease free replica of\nthe mother plant. Mona Lisa It is a hybrid that has been marketed as a\n'pesticide-free' b..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nbanana basjoo, basjoo plant, musa basjoo, basjoo banana plant, musa basjoo\nplant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Basjoo\" Musa Ban...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Basjoo plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall They grow\nfast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact\nreplica of the mother plant. The Musa Basjoo Banana Tree is the world's most\ncold hardy banana tre..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nrating\n\n## Ensete Maurelii Red Abyssinian Banana tr...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Ensete Maurelii 4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\"\ntall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease\nfree exact replica of the mother plant. The Ensete maurelii is also called Red\nAbyssinian..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nmargarita banana plant, musa margarita, margarita plant, margarita, musa,\nbanana plant, margarita banana tree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Margarita\" Musa...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Margarita banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between\n4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be\na disease free exact replica of the mother plant. An ele..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nDwarf Brazilian plant, Dwarf Brazilian, Dwarf Brazilian banana plant, Dwarf\nBrazilian banana tree, Dwarf Brazilian banana, musa Dwarf Brazilian, musa\nDwarf Brazilian plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Dwarf Brazilian\"...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Dwarf Brazilian Plants are between 4\"- 24' tall They grow\nfast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact\nreplica of the mother plant. The Dwarf Brazilian is very similar to t..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nlittle prince banana, little prince plant, indoor banana, musa little prince\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Little Prince\" ...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Little Prince banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are\nbetween 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue\ncultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Du..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nManzano plant, Manzano banana, Manzano banana plant, Manzano banana tree, Musa\nManzano, Musa Manzano plant, musa Manzano banana plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant Musa \"Manzano\" Ba...\n\n$9.99\n\nPlants for sale are Manzano Apple Banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are\nbetween 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue\ncultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Manzano is\nSpa..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nsumatrana x cross banana, sumatrana x cross plant, musa sumatrana x cross,\nsumatrana x cross banana plant, sumatrana x cross banana tree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Sumatrana x Cross&qu...;\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Sumatrana X cross banana plant Plants are currently\ngrowing in \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 5\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\"\nEach plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replic..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nmekong giant banana, mekong giant plant, musa mekong giant, mekong giant\nbanana tree, mekong giant banana plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Mekong Giant\" M...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Mekong Giant bananaPlants are currently growing in \"4\"\ndeep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is\ngrown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother\nplant. ..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nMusa ice cream banana, ice cream banana, musa ice cream, blue java banana,\nmusa blue java\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Ice Cream Blue Java&...\n\n$15.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Ice Cream banana plant or, as it is sometimes\nreferred to, Blue Java. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They\ngrow fast!!\". grown from tissue cultures to a disease free replica of..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nZebrina plant, musa Zebrina, Zebrina banana plant, Zebrina banana, Zebrina\nbanana tree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Zebrina\" Musa B...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Zebrina banana plants Plants for sale are between\n4-8\" tall. Fleshy, rubber-like red banana leaves make this oversize perennial\na winner. Dark markings on the leaves make this cultivar especiall..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\ntruly tiny banana, truly tiny banana plant, truly tiny banana tree, musa truly\ntiny, truly tiny plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Truly Tiny\" Mus...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Truly Tiny banana Plant Plants are currently growing 4\"\ndeep pots, but will not be shipped in pots. plants are between 3\"- 6\" tall\nEach plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\ngros michel banana, musa gros michel, gros michel, gros michel plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Gros Michel Heirloom...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Gros MichelPlants for sale are between 6-16\" tall.\nGros Michel is the \"lost\" Heirloom banana. Diseases destroyed most plantations\nin the early 19th century. These great \"standard\" bananas taste better than\nmodern..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\ngold finger banana, FHIA-1 gold finger, musa gold finger FHIA-1, FHIA-1 banana\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Gold Finger FHIA-1&q...;\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa \"Gold Finger FHIA-1\" banana plant \"4\" deep\ncontainers, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is\ngrown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother\npla..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\ngrand nain banana, musa grand nain, grand nain plant, grand nain chiquita,\nchiquita banana plant, chiquita banana tree,\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Grand Nain Chiquita&...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Grand Nain Banana plantsGrand Nain is grown by and bears\nthe name Chiquita. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow\nfast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact\nreplica of the mo..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nFHIA-18, FHIA-18 plant, FHIA-18 banana plant, FHIA-18 banana tree, musa\nFHIA-18, musa FHIA-18 plant, musa FHIA-18 banana plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"FHIA-18\" Musa Ba...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are a FHIA-18 banana plant FHIA-18 is cold hardy and produces\napple tasting bottle-necked fruit that resembles the Manzano but unlike the\nManzano, FHIA-18 can be eaten fresh or boiled. Another new Variety of..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nFHIA-17, FHIA-17 banana, FHIA-17 banana plant, musa FHIA-17, musa FHIA-17\nplant, FHIA-17 banana tree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"FHIA-17\" Musa Ba...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are a hybrid Candavish FHIA-17 banana plant variety. \"4\" deep\npots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". Don't let the name\nfool you this plant is all business, each plant is grown from ..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nDwarf Red, Dwarf Red plant, Dwarf Red banana plant, Dwarf Red banana, Dwarf\nRed banana tree, musa Dwarf Red, musa Dwarf Red banana plant, musa Dwarf Red\nplant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Dwarf Red\" Musa ...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Dwarf Red banana Another new Variety of banana that is\nsure to take the spotlight. \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall\n\"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disea..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nDwarf Orinoco, Dwarf Orinoco plant, Dwarf Orinoco banana plant, Dwarf Orinoco\nbanana tree, musa Dwarf Orinoco, musa Dwarf Orinoco plant, Dwarf Orinoco plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Dwarf Orinoco\" M...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Dwarf Orinoco banana plant Plants are currently growing 4\"\ndeep pots. plants are between 5\"-16\" tall Each plant is grown from tissue\ncultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother p..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nDwarf Namwa, Dwarf Namwa plant, Dwarf Namwa banana plant, Dwarf Namwa banana\ntree, musa Dwarf Namwa, Dwarf Namwa plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Dwarf Namwa\" Mus...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Dwarf Namwa banana plant . Growing in 4\" deep pots,\nplants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from\ntissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother p..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nmusa FHIA-3 Sweetheart, FHIA-3 Sweetheart plant, FHIA-3 Sweetheart banana\nplant, FHIA-3 Sweetheart banana, FHIA-3 Sweetheart banana tree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"FHIA-3 Sweetheart&qu...;\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa FHIA-3 Sweetheart banana plants \"4\" deep containers,\nplants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from\ntissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plan..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nmusa Velutina, Velutina banana plant, Velutina banana tree, Velutina plant,\nVelutina\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Velutina\" Musa ...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Velutina, banana plants Plants are between 4\"- 24'\ntall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease\nfree exact replica of the mother plant. This ornamental boast..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nmusa Veinte Cohol, Veinte Cohol banana, Veinte Cohol banana plant, Veinte\nCohol banana tree, Veinte Cohol plant, Veinte Cohol\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Veinte Cohol\" M...\n\n$9.99\n\nPlants for sale are Veinte Cohol banana plants Plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall\n\"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a disease\nfree exact replica of the mother plant. This newly released variety ..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nthai black, thai black banana plant, thai black banana tree, musa thai black\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Thai Black\" Mus...\n\n$9.99\n\nPlants for sale are Thai Black banana plant Cold Hardy banana tree, \"4\" deep\npots, plants are between 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown\nfrom tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother ..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nsuper plantain banana plant, super plantain banana tree, super plantain plant,\nsuper plantain\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Super Plantain\"...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Super Plantain banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are\nbetween 4\"- 24\" tall They grow fast!! Super plantain is named so for its\nability to produce fruit in 11 months!!! Super Plantain produces an A+\nsuperi..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nbengal tiger banana plant, begal tiger plant, sikkimensis bengal tiger,\nsikkimensis plant, sikkimensis bengal tiger banana plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Sikkimensis bengal t...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa 'Bengal Tiger' This giant variegated cold hardy musa\nboasts dark green leaves that are heavily splotched with red. The underside of\nthe leaves are solid red and appear to \"flash\" when the wind m..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nsiam ruby, siam ruby banana, siam ruby banana plant, siam ruby banana tree,\nmusa siam ruby, siam ruby plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Siam Ruby\" Musa...\n\n$9.99\n\nPlants for sale are a Siam Ruby banana plant Another new Variety of banana\nthat is sure to take the spotlight... \"4\" deep containers, plants are between\n4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue culture..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nSaba banana plant, saba banana, saba banana tree, musa saba, saba plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Saba\" Musa Bana...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa 'Saba' This Giant var of banana tree is very sturdy\nplant and can grow to up to 25 feet tall with a 2' wide trunk. This banana has\ngood cold tolerance and wind resistance. The trunk can g..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nred tiger banana plant, red tiger plant, musa red tiger, red tiger banana tree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Red Tiger\" Musa...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Red Tiger plantain banana plants Plants are between\n4\"- 24' tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a\ndisease free exact replica of the mother plant. Red Tiger is very..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nred iholene banana plant, red iholene, red iholene plant, red iholene banana\ntree, musa red iholene\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Red Iholene\" Mu...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Red Iholene banana plant Plants are currently growing in\n\"4\" deep pots, plants are between 6\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant\nis grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of th..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nNew\n\nmusa praying hands, praying hands banana plant, praying hands plant, praying\nhands banana tree\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Praying Hands\" ...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Musa Praying Hands \"4\" deep pots, plants are between 4\"-\n24\" tall They grow fast!! Each plant is grown from tissue cultures to be a\ndisease free exact replica of the mother plant. Musa Praying hands..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nmisis luki banana plant, musa misi luki, misi luki banana tree, lady finger\nbanana, lady finger misi luki plant, misi luki plant, lady finger banana plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Misi Luki lady finge...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Misi Luki banana plants Plants are currently growing in\n\"4\" deep pots, plants are between 5\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant\nis grown from tissue cultures to be a disease free exact replica of th..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nbanana plant Kandarian, musa kandarian, kandarian plant\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Kandarian\" Musa...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Kandarian banana plant \"4\" deep containers, plants are\nbetween 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Each plant is grown from tissue\ncultures to be a disease free exact replica of the mother plant. Kandarian\nre..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nGlui Kai banana, Glui Kai musa, Glui Kai banana plant, glui kai banana tree,\nmusa glui kai\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Glui Kai\" Musa ...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Glui Kai banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are between\n4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". Glui Kai is one of the fastest fruiting\nspecimens available, Its fruiting time is less than 10 months. Glui K..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\ngiant plantain, giant plantain banana, giant plantain plant, musa giant\nplantain banana, musa giant plantain\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"Giant Plantain\"...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are Giant Plantain banana plant . \"4\" deep pots, plants are\nbetween 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\" Finally a cold hardy Plantain!!! Giant\nPlantain produces an A+ superior cooking fruit that is predominantly used for\n\"maduros\"..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nbanana plant, 1000 fingers, musa, banana tree, 1000 fingers plant, 1000\nfingers banana\n\nrating\n\n## Banana plant \"1000 Fingers\" M...\n\n$8.99\n\nPlants for sale are 1000 Fingers banana plant \"4\" deep pots, plants are\nbetween 4\"- 24\" tall \"They grow fast!!\". grown from tissue cultures to a\ndisease free replica of the mother plant. A most unusual banana, ‘1000\nFingers’..\n\nAdd to Cart\n\nShowing 1 to 38 of 38 (1 Pages)\n\nContact Info\n\nMail: P.O. Box 530318 Debary, FL 32753\n\nEmail: info@floridahillnursery.com\n\nMy Account\n\n * My Account\n * Order History\n * Wish List\n\nInformation\n\n * Shipping & Returns\n * Gift Certificates\n * Specials\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n\nCopyright © 2020 Florida Hill Nursery - All Rights Reserved. | FLORIDA REG.\n#48008404\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.smart-fertilizer.com/articles/banana-fertilizer-requirements/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200423055932/https://www.smart-fertilizer.com/articles/banana-fertilizer-requirements/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Banana Fertilizer Management Requirements",
"passages": [
"A good fertilizing management for banana trees starts before the planting, therefore It is best to take a soil test and to plan the optimize nutrition program.",
"A Healthy banana planting material, that is looked after carefully, will harvest a high quality bunch within 18 month, and will produce a new bunch every 12 month. During this time, the banana plantation will consume large quantities of Nitrogen and Potassium.",
"The plantation will do best in soil with a pH of 5.6 – 6.5. With only a moderate salinity resistance, the trees will stop developing when the soluble salts concentration exceeds 500 ppm.",
"Since Banana roots are shallow, it is important to provide the nutrients in at least 8 different applications year round. That is in order to avoid material of getting washed away.",
"The average Ton of banana fruit, removes 8Kg of N, 1.5Kg of P, and 25Kg K from the soil. Yet this way of calculating the nutrient requirements is very much inaccurate. It does not describe the total uptake nor takes into account many nutritional considerations. Therefore, this is only one parameter of an organized fertilizer program.",
"A grower should take notice of other fertilizing complexities. For example, soil temperature. Once the soil temperature is higher than 18^0C, it is recommended to add urea to the regular ammonium nitrate fertilizing.",
"The most accurate way to know the exact rates of N:P:K application will be to use leaf analysis along with soil tests. The desirable elements level of a tissue test is demonstrated in the table below:",
"Application of fertilizers and the specific products should be coordinated with the plant cycle around the year. Anyways, the grower should match the application to weather conditions.",
"Spring – the warming conditions the roots activity and the leaf growths. This is the time to meet the plant demands and to let it reach its potential.",
"Summer – during this time, the bunch should be allowed to maximize its weight and volume, therefore, all nutrient should be fully available to the plant roots.",
"Autumn – the banana ceases to develop. It will need a specific amount nutrient that are relevant in building up plant reserves that will serve the plant in the next years.",
"Winter – only a maintenance fertilizer program should be applied. Preferably through foliar application, since roots activity is very low.",
"Potassium, the “quality nutrient”, has an important role in the photosynthesis process, it regulates both CO2 and water uptake and have a positive effect on the plant resistance to environmental stress.",
"The fact that potassium plays a major role in starch and protein synthesis makes it the key element in the banana nutrition.",
"In any case of deficiency or imbalanced nutrition plan, the yield level and the fruit quality will be effected. Therefore, creating a balanced fertilizer program must be based on reliable yield estimation and on soil & water & tissue analysis."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Growing Banana Trees - Banana Fertilizer Management Requirements\n\n * GET STARTED\n\n * Product tour\n * Pricing\n * Product features\n * Product reviews\n * ACADEMY\n\n * E-book\n * Online Courses\n * SMART library\n * HELP\n\n * FAQ\n * ABOUT\n\n * Our story\n * Our team\n * News & Events\n * Contact us\n * LOG IN\n\n * OLD SOFTWARE\n * NEW SOFTWARE\n\n{\"post_id\":32964,\"post_link\":\"https:\\/\\/www.smart-\nfertilizer.com\\/articles\\/banana-fertilizer-\nrequirements\\/\",\"prev_post_id\":32940,\"next_post_id\":32978}\n\n# Growing Banana Trees – Banana Fertilizer Management Requirements\n\nHome SMART library Growing Banana Trees - Banana Fertilizer Management\nRequirements\n\nAuthor: Mr. Guy Sela, CEO of SMART! Fertilizer Management software and an\ninternational expert in plant nutrition and irrigation.\n\nA good fertilizing management for banana trees starts before the planting,\ntherefore It is best to take a soil test and to plan the optimize nutrition\nprogram.\n\n## KNOWING WHAT YOUR CROP NEEDS\n\nA Healthy banana planting material, that is looked after carefully, will\nharvest a high quality bunch within 18 month, and will produce a new bunch\nevery 12 month. During this time, the banana plantation will consume large\nquantities of Nitrogen and Potassium.\n\nThe plantation will do best in soil with a pH of 5.6 – 6.5. With only a\nmoderate salinity resistance, the trees will stop developing when the soluble\nsalts concentration exceeds 500 ppm.\n\nSince Banana roots are shallow, it is important to provide the nutrients in at\nleast 8 different applications year round. That is in order to avoid material\nof getting washed away.\n\n#### Banana Fertilizer Management Software\n\n#### Fertilizer rates, timing, fertigation schedules – based on grower’s\nspecific field conditions. Soil, water and tissue analysis interpretations.\n\nSTART A 7-DAYS FREE TRIAL\n\n## BANANA NUTRIENT REQUIREMENTS\n\nThe average Ton of banana fruit, removes 8Kg of N, 1.5Kg of P, and 25Kg K from\nthe soil. Yet this way of calculating the nutrient requirements is very much\ninaccurate. It does not describe the total uptake nor takes into account many\nnutritional considerations. Therefore, this is only one parameter of an\norganized fertilizer program.\n\nA grower should take notice of other fertilizing complexities. For example,\nsoil temperature. Once the soil temperature is higher than 18^0C, it is\nrecommended to add urea to the regular ammonium nitrate fertilizing.\n\nThe most accurate way to know the exact rates of N:P:K application will be to\nuse leaf analysis along with soil tests. The desirable elements level of a\ntissue test is demonstrated in the table below:\n\nElement level (%) \n--- \nN| P| K| Ca| Mg| S \n3.3| 0.14| 4.4| 0.8| 0.3| 0.25 \nElement level (ppm) \nB| Fe| Mn| Zn| Cu| Mo \n10| 100| 160| 20| 9| – \n \nTable 1. Banana tissue analysis – Leaf Lamina 3, minimum adequate level test\nresults\n\n## FERTILIZING BANANA THROUGHOUT THE YEAR\n\nApplication of fertilizers and the specific products should be coordinated\nwith the plant cycle around the year. Anyways, the grower should match the\napplication to weather conditions.\n\nThe best response to fertilizers occurs when applied during rapid growth\nperiods.\n\n * Spring – the warming conditions the roots activity and the leaf growths. This is the time to meet the plant demands and to let it reach its potential.\n * Summer – during this time, the bunch should be allowed to maximize its weight and volume, therefore, all nutrient should be fully available to the plant roots.\n * Autumn – the banana ceases to develop. It will need a specific amount nutrient that are relevant in building up plant reserves that will serve the plant in the next years.\n * Winter – only a maintenance fertilizer program should be applied. Preferably through foliar application, since roots activity is very low.\n\n## THE IMPORTANCE OF POTASSIUM & DEFICIENCY SYMPTOMS\n\nPotassium, the “quality nutrient”, has an important role in the photosynthesis\nprocess, it regulates both CO2 and water uptake and have a positive effect on\nthe plant resistance to environmental stress.\n\nThe fact that potassium plays a major role in starch and protein synthesis\nmakes it the key element in the banana nutrition.\n\nThe most common fertilizer used in banana plantations is potassium-nitrate.\n\nThis fertilizer helps with cold resistance and contributes the most for fruits\nfilling.\n\nA deficiency potassium will cause:\n\n * Small & Yellow leaves\n * Late bunch initiation\n * Small number of fruit per bunch\n * Reduced sized fruits\n\nIn any case of deficiency or imbalanced nutrition plan, the yield level and\nthe fruit quality will be effected. Therefore, creating a balanced fertilizer\nprogram must be based on reliable yield estimation and on soil & water &\ntissue analysis.\n\n## SMART! Fertilizer Management Software – Maximize Banana Yields\n\n#### Learn how SMART! software can help you achieve the best fertilizer plan\nfor your Banana crop\n\nGET YOUR FREE TRIAL\n\n * ###### Recommends the ideal fertilizer mixture/ blends\n\n * ###### Saves up to 50% on fertilizer costs\n\n * ###### Comprehensive data on hundreds of crop varieties\n\n * ###### Interprets test results for any extraction method\n\nGET YOUR FREE TRIAL\n\n### LEAVE A COMMENT Cancel reply\n\nSMART SOFTWARE\n\nProduct tour Support Log In\n\nADDITIONAL PRODUCTS\n\nPremium E-book Premium Courses\n\nSmart Library\n\nSmart Blog Newsletter\n\nContact us\n\nUS: +1 646 350 6699 UK: +44 203 137 6699\n\n2020 © SMART Fertilizer Management. All rights reserved.\n\n"
}
] |
522,553 | How To Marinate Chicken | To marinate chicken, start by preparing your marinade using ingredients like finely chopped garlic, onions, ginger, olive oil, and lemon juice. Once you've prepared your marinade, put the chicken in a sealable container or bag and pour your marinade over it. Then, put the chicken in the fridge and let it marinate for at least 4 hours. The longer you let your chicken marinate, the more flavorful it will be! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305202743/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/articles/grilling-with-indirect-heat",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423162919/https://www.seriouseats.com/2014/04/how-to-marinate-meat-for-stir-fries.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211024065006/https://www.cooksmarts.com/articles/marinating-times-tips-and-easy-marinade-recipes/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180306204315/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-marinate/o9kQWhkn",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201125113218/https://www.food.com/recipe/easy-italian-chicken-marinade-492760",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190607022948/https://www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/mintemp.html"
] | train | 2,619 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/articles/grilling-with-indirect-heat",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305202743/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/articles/grilling-with-indirect-heat",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Grilling with Indirect Heat",
"passages": [
"Have you ever tried to grill up some moist, evenly cooked chicken on the bone with crispy golden skin, but instead ended up with a burned-on-the-outside and raw-inside, barely recognizable piece of meat? Indirect grilling would have been your solution. Indirect grilling is effective for large cuts of meat (thick steaks, roasts or even entire chickens) that need long, slow heat, or foods (like pizza) that need to be seared, then finished slowly.",
"If cooking with charcoal, heat the coals as usual in the chimney starter. When the coals have a fine, grey ash, pour them into the grill. To set up layers of heat, bank the coals to one side, or lay them heavily on two sides with a light layer of coals (or none at all) in the center, or spread them just around the perimeter.",
"If using a gas grill with multiple burners, turn on the outside two burners and leave the center burner off or on low.",
"During cooking, the food is seared over high heat, then moved to a cooler spot to finish cooking. A lid is placed over the food to create an oven-like environment. On gas grills, it's fine to use the attached lid, but when using charcoal, disposable aluminum containers are best, as they help avoid a resinous taste.",
"As a verb, 'barbecue' refers to many styles of outdoor cookery. But actual barbecue (as a noun) is a very specific style: it's a slow cooking technique where meat — usually a lot of it — is cooked over coals at a low temperature (somewhere between 212 and 300 degrees F) for a long time. The low temperature makes the meat tender and juicy, and the long hours over burning coals lend a smokiness you just can't get any other way.",
"Barbecue isn't exactly quick, after-work weeknight cooking. It's an event. It's party food: it's bound to attract every neighbor within smelling distance, which is why it's almost always cooked in large volume.",
"Grilling, on the other hand, is fast food in the best possible sense: it's quick cooking over high heat (just enough time to get a good char and an infusion of woodsmoke). You can do it over direct or indirect flame, with the cover on or cover off, but as long as the fire's hot, you're grilling.",
"Grilling's versatile — just about everything tastes better on the grill: vegetables, fruit, even desserts, not just meat, fish and fowl.",
"Here are some tips I picked up this past winter while testing recipes in Food Network Kitchens for the June issue of Food Network Magazine.",
"These days, everything causes cancer, it seems -- grilling is no different. Now, we’re not suggesting never grill, but you should find out the facts and take steps to decrease your risk of adding toxins to your food.",
"To get some ideas for our first cookouts and picnics of the year, we checked in with Trisha Yearwood, country music star and host of Trisha’s Southern Kitchen."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Grilling with Indirect Heat | Recipes, Dinners and Easy Meal Ideas | Food\nNetwork\n\n * Watch Full Seasons\n * TV Schedule\n * Videos\n * Shop\n * Sweepstakes\n * Magazine\n * Blog\n * Shows A-Z\n * Chefs A-Z\n * Restaurants\n\nRecipes\n\n * St. Patrick's Day\n * Family Dinners\n * Easy Comfort Food\n * Healthy\n * Our Best Recipes\n\nSee All Recipes\n\nRecipe of the Day\n\n#### French Onion Noodle Casserole\n\nTrending Recipes\n\n#### Lemon Spaghetti with Shrimp\n\n#### Teriyaki Chicken Thighs\n\n#### Broccoli Gratin\n\n#### Carbonara Stuffed Potatoes with Crispy Pancetta\n\nShows\n\nTV Schedule See TV Schedule\n\n * #### Spring Baking Championship\n\n8am | 7c\n\n * #### Spring Baking Championship\n\n9am | 8c\n\n * #### Food Paradise\n\n10am | 9c\n\n * #### Food Paradise\n\n11am | 10c\n\n * #### Food Paradise\n\n12pm | 11c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n1pm | 12c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n1:30pm | 12:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n2pm | 1c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n2:30pm | 1:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n3pm | 2c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n3:30pm | 2:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n4pm | 3c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n4:30pm | 3:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n5pm | 4c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n5:30pm | 4:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n6pm | 5c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n6:30pm | 5:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n7pm | 6c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n7:30pm | 6:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n8pm | 7c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n8:30pm | 7:30c\n\n * ###### On Tonight\n\n#### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n9pm | 8c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n9:30pm | 8:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n10pm | 9c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n10:30pm | 9:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n11pm | 10c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n11:30pm | 10:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n12am | 11c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n12:30am | 11:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n1am | 12c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n1:30am | 12:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n2am | 1c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n2:30am | 1:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n3am | 2c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n3:30am | 2:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n4am | 3c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n4:30am | 3:30c\n\nSee All Shows\n\nPopular Shows\n\n#### The Great Food Truck Race\n\n#### Tournament of Champions\n\n#### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\nIn the Kitchen\n\n#### The Pioneer Woman\n\n#### The Kitchen\n\n#### Delicious Miss Brown\n\nChefs\n\nChefs & Hosts\n\n#### Kardea Brown\n\n#### Ree Drummond\n\n#### Ina Garten\n\n#### Sunny Anderson\n\n#### Bobby Flay\n\n#### Valerie 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Our Ultimate Meal Prepping Meal Plan\n\n#### A Meal Plan to Help You Stash the Freezer\n\nClasses\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nTomorrow @ 1PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Crustless Mini Quiches with Mushrooms and Swiss Chard\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nTomorrow @ 2PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Classic Cream Scones\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nTomorrow @ 4PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Bakery-Style Jelly Butter Cookies\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nTomorrow @ 6PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Pork Tenderloin with Dressing and Pan Gravy\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nTomorrow @ 8PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Magical Lucky Charms Bars\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nTomorrow @ 9PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Crispy Salmon with Cucumber Salad and Spicy Mayo\n\nPREVIOUSLY LIVE\n\n#### Pork Paprikash\n\nPREVIOUSLY LIVE\n\n#### Tagliatelle and 3-Meat Meatballs\n\ndiscovery+\n\n * Home\n * Recipes\n\n# Grilling with Indirect Heat\n\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Email\n\n##### Related To:\n\nGrilling\n\nHave you ever tried to grill up some moist, evenly cooked chicken on the bone\nwith crispy golden skin, but instead ended up with a burned-on-the-outside and\nraw-inside, barely recognizable piece of meat? Indirect grilling would have\nbeen your solution. Indirect grilling is effective for large cuts of meat\n(thick steaks, roasts or even entire chickens) that need long, slow heat, or\nfoods (like pizza) that need to be seared, then finished slowly.\n\n * If cooking with charcoal, heat the coals as usual in the chimney starter. When the coals have a fine, grey ash, pour them into the grill. To set up layers of heat, bank the coals to one side, or lay them heavily on two sides with a light layer of coals (or none at all) in the center, or spread them just around the perimeter.\n\n * If using a gas grill with multiple burners, turn on the outside two burners and leave the center burner off or on low.\n\nDuring cooking, the food is seared over high heat, then moved to a cooler spot\nto finish cooking. A lid is placed over the food to create an oven-like\nenvironment. On gas grills, it's fine to use the attached lid, but when using\ncharcoal, disposable aluminum containers are best, as they help avoid a\nresinous taste.\n\nGrilling vs. BBQ Barbecue and grilling are two different things.\n\n * As a verb, 'barbecue' refers to many styles of outdoor cookery. But actual barbecue (as a noun) is a very specific style: it's a slow cooking technique where meat — usually a lot of it — is cooked over coals at a low temperature (somewhere between 212 and 300 degrees F) for a long time. The low temperature makes the meat tender and juicy, and the long hours over burning coals lend a smokiness you just can't get any other way.\n\n * Barbecue isn't exactly quick, after-work weeknight cooking. It's an event. It's party food: it's bound to attract every neighbor within smelling distance, which is why it's almost always cooked in large volume.\n\n * Grilling, on the other hand, is fast food in the best possible sense: it's quick cooking over high heat (just enough time to get a good char and an infusion of woodsmoke). You can do it over direct or indirect flame, with the cover on or cover off, but as long as the fire's hot, you're grilling.\n\n * Grilling's versatile — just about everything tastes better on the grill: vegetables, fruit, even desserts, not just meat, fish and fowl.\n\n### Next Up\n\n#### Direct Heat Grilling\n\nMaster this basic grilling technique.\n\n#### 10 Grilling Safety Tips\n\n#### Watch: Grilling Week 2014\n\n#### 5 Tips for Successful Grilling\n\nHere are some tips I picked up this past winter while testing recipes in Food\nNetwork Kitchens for the June issue of Food Network Magazine.\n\n#### A Brief History of Grilling\n\n#### Healthier Grilling: Decreasing Cancer Risks\n\nThese days, everything causes cancer, it seems -- grilling is no different.\nNow, we’re not suggesting never grill, but you should find out the facts and\ntake steps to decrease your risk of adding toxins to your food.\n\n#### Food Network Magazine’s Grilling Poll\n\nFood Network Magazine wants to know how America grills.\n\n#### Trisha Yearwood Kicks Off Grilling Season\n\nTo get some ideas for our first cookouts and picnics of the year, we checked\nin with Trisha Yearwood, country music star and host of Trisha’s Southern\nKitchen.\n\n#### Let’s Get Grilling — Simple Scratch Cooking\n\n#### Weekend Cookout: The Lighter Side of Grilling\n\n### Latest Stories\n\n#### Chipotle Out-Extras Itself with Burrito Bowl-Inspired Makeup Line Mar 5,\n2021\n\nBy: Amy Reiter\n\n#### 5 Delicious Dinners for Lent That Aren't Fish Mar 4, 2021\n\nBy: Michelle Baricevic\n\n#### How to Cook for Someone Who Depends on You Without Stressing Mar 5, 2021\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchen\n\n#### TikTok Video Claims Jell-O Tea May Be the Answer to a Sore Throat Mar 4,\n2021\n\nBy: Aly Walansky\n\n#### Where to Find Sumo Citrus, The Distinctly Shaped Fruit That’s All Over\nthe Internet Mar 4, 2021\n\nBy: Samantha Leffler\n\n#### What Would a Haitian Dessert Look Like Without Colonial Influence? Mar 4,\n2021\n\nBy: Brigitte Malivert\n\n#### What Would a Haitian Dessert Look Like Without Colonial Influence? Mar 4,\n2021\n\n#### 10 Meat Delivery Services You Can Order From Right Now Mar 5, 2021\n\nBy: Rachel Trujillo\n\n#### Not to Brag, But I Created a Truly Magic 5-Ingredient Chicken Soup Mar 4,\n2021\n\nBy: Heath Goldman\n\n#### How to Cook Flank Steak Mar 5, 2021\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchen\n\n#### These Wine Glass Markers Are the Key to Kitchen Organization Mar 2, 2021\n\nBy: Leah Scalzadonna\n\n#### 5 Rainbow-Colored Treats That'll Make Your Day So Much Brighter Mar 3,\n2021\n\nBy: Michelle Baricevic\n\n#### The Best Irish Whiskeys You Can Buy in the U.S. Mar 4, 2021\n\nBy: Carlos Olaechea\n\n#### How to Steam Shrimp Mar 3, 2021\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchen\n\n#### If You're Not Making Veggie Burgers with Tofu, You Should Be Mar 3, 2021\n\nBy: Meghan Hynes Cole\n\n#### Can Clean Wine and Purifiers Prevent Wine Headaches? Mar 3, 2021\n\nBy: Dana Angelo White, M.S., R.D., A.T.C.\n\n#### 10 Ice Creams You Can Have Delivered Straight to Your Door Mar 5, 2021\n\nBy: Allison Underhill\n\n#### 7 Treats to Send to the Cereal Lover In Your Life Mar 2, 2021\n\nBy: Samantha Lande\n\n#### How Food Network Staffers Relax In the Kitchen Mar 2, 2021\n\nBy: FN Dish Editor\n\n#### 6 Irish Beer Brands You Can Buy in the U.S. Mar 2, 2021\n\nBy: Carlos Olaechea\n\n#### Starbucks Unveils Its Spring 2021 Menu – And Oat Milk Is the Star Mar 1,\n2021\n\nBy: Samantha Leffler\n\n#### The Secret to Making Dinner in 20 Minutes Mar 1, 2021\n\n#### Robert Irvine to Face Toughest Missions Ever on Brand-New Episodes of\nDinner: Impossible Mar 1, 2021\n\nBy: Maria Russo\n\n#### You Can Now Bite Into a Chocolate-Free Reese’s Cup Mar 1, 2021\n\nBy: Samantha Leffler\n\n#### How to Build a Giant Cheese and Charcuterie Board on a Budget Mar 4, 2021\n\nBy: Heath Goldman\n\n#### These Kitchen Tools from Target Make Meal Prep So Much Easier Mar 1, 2021\n\n#### How Long to Cook Chicken Breast In the Oven Mar 1, 2021\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchen\n\n#### How to Cook Zucchini Noodles Mar 1, 2021\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchen\n\n#### These Are the Colored Wine Glasses Taking Over Instagram Right Now Feb\n26, 2021\n\nBy: Michelle Baricevic\n\n#### How to Eat a Satisfying Plant-Based Diet on a Budget Mar 1, 2021\n\nBy: Food Network Kitchen\n\nLoad More\n\n### Recipe of the Day\n\nGet an editor-picked recipe delivered to your inbox daily. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.seriouseats.com/2014/04/how-to-marinate-meat-for-stir-fries.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423162919/https://www.seriouseats.com/2014/04/how-to-marinate-meat-for-stir-fries.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Chinese Cooking 101: How to Marinate Meat for Stir Fries",
"passages": [
"Whether it's chicken, pork, or beef, this marinade is my go-to recipe when I want to cook a quick stir-fry dinner. [Photographs: Shao Z]",
"Anyone who's read our Wok Skills 101 Guide knows that with a stir-fry, having all of your ingredients prepped and ready to go is of the utmost importance. Meat should be sliced, vegetables chopped, sauces mixed, and aromatics minced, all before you turn up that heat.",
"But there's another secret that will improve both the flavor and the texture of your proteins: proper marinating. When done right, a marinade is more than just a flavoring agent. It can help tenderize meat and alter its proteins so that it retains more moisture. It can improve the browning characteristics that is the goal of high-heat cooking. It can also help it absorb other flavors more easily.",
"While you can add as many aromatics to a marinade as you'd like, there are a few ingredients that serve as far more than just aromas—they actually physically alter the way meat cooks, aiding in flavoring, tenderizing, and browning.",
"When I construct a marinade, I like to add my dry ingredients first (salt, sugar, pepper), followed by my wet ingredients (Shaoxing wine, soy sauce), then the oil, and finally some cornstarch.",
"Salt: Both a flavor and a texture enhancer, salt is essential in all marinades. It brings out meat's natural flavors and also tenderizes it by breaking down myosin, a tough protein found in meat, just like in a good brine. Tenderized proteins also contract less during cooking, which means better moisture retention.",
"Sugar: A flavor enhancer like salt, it also aids in both caramelization and the Maillard browning process. Sugar speeds up browning and creates more depth of flavor. It also provides a balance to the saltiness of salt and soy sauce.",
"Soy Sauce: Essential in stir-fry dishes, a dash of it makes a big difference. Just like salt, soy sauce is a flavor enhancer and builder. It is rich in glutamates, which makes meat taste more savory and improves juiciness.",
"Oil: It helps distribute cornstarch, seasonings, and fat-soluble flavors evenly when mixing the marinade with the meat. You want to use an oil that has a high smoke point, which should be the same oil you will be using when you are stir-frying. Peanut oil is a popular and traditional choice, but you can also use corn oil, refined light olive oil, vegetable oil, or canola oil.",
"Cornstarch: When added to marinades, cornstarch provides a light coating to meat that protects it slightly from the intense heat of the wok. This helps prevent overcooking and toughening of the outer layers of meat. The starch also acts as a binder and helps liquid ingredients, like soy sauce and shaoxing wine, come together and bind to the meat. The results are more flavorful, tender, and evenly cooked pieces of meat.",
"Pepper (white or black): Spicy and pungent, a little goes a long way. Since black pepper tends to be more aromatic, I usually add white pepper in stir-fry dishes when I'm going for a more subtle flavor profile. But black pepper is great when I want something bold and robust.",
"Shaoxing Wine: Slightly nutty tasting, this flavor builder adds an unmistakable aroma to any stir-fry dish. Dry sherry can be substituted for Shaoxing wine, but do try to find it if you can. Any well-stocked Chinese or Southeast Asian market will carry it.",
"DO make sure your meat is dry before slicing and marinating. If you wash your meat before cooking, make sure to blot it with paper towels until dry. Water is not a flavor enhancer and will only serve to dilute flavor and make browning more difficult.",
"DO marinate your meat in a bowl that's big enough for mixing. You don't want a bowl that just perfectly holds your sliced protein. You'll be mixing ingredients around, so make sure you have room for the meat to move.",
"DON'T add minced aromatics to your marinade, like garlic, ginger, or scallions. Stir-frying is high heat cooking, and those minced aromatics rapidly burn. Instead, add them toward the end of the stir-fry. Alternatively, you can slice them into big pieces and fry them in oil for about 30 seconds. Once you remove the aromatics, you can use cook with that infused oil.",
"DON'T drown your protein in your marinade. Remember, you're marinating for a stir-fry. Too much liquid as you stir-fry your protein results in steaming, and nobody likes steamed meat, right?",
"DO make sure to give your protein enough time to marinate. For this marinade, it only takes 30 minutes. Each ingredient in the marinade needs to have enough time to do what it has to do. This window gives you plenty of time to get your other ingredients ready.",
"Of course, the idea is that once you have a good basic marinade, it becomes a building block for constructing stir fries on your own, but check out the recipes below if you want some ideas to get you started.",
"All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.",
"I was born in Guangzhou, the birthplace of dim sum, and raised in the Chinatown neighborhood of Philadelphia. As a sibling-less child, cooking was a way to keep myself entertained. That’s how my love for food started and it continues to grow.",
"Post whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We reserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on our Terms of Use page."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Chinese Cooking 101: How to Marinate Meat for Stir Fries | Serious Eats\n\n * Chinese\n * Cooking Techniques\n * Stir Frying\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Cuisine\n * Asian\n * Chinese\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\n * Recipes\n * Method\n * Stir Frying\n\n# Chinese Cooking 101: How to Marinate Meat for Stir Fries\n\nShao Z.\n\n18 Printer-Friendly Version\n\nPublished: April 18, 2014 Last Updated: October 28, 2019\n\nWhether it's chicken, pork, or beef, this marinade is my go-to recipe when I\nwant to cook a quick stir-fry dinner. [Photographs: Shao Z]\n\n### Get the Recipes\n\n * Easy Stir-Fried Beef With Mushrooms and Butter\n * Easy Stir-Fried Pork With String Beans\n * Easy Stir-Fried Chicken With Ginger and Scallions\n\nAnyone who's read our Wok Skills 101 Guide knows that with a stir-fry, having\nall of your ingredients prepped and ready to go is of the utmost importance.\nMeat should be sliced, vegetables chopped, sauces mixed, and aromatics minced,\nall before you turn up that heat.\n\nBut there's another secret that will improve both the flavor and the texture\nof your proteins: proper marinating. When done right, a marinade is more than\njust a flavoring agent. It can help tenderize meat and alter its proteins so\nthat it retains more moisture. It can improve the browning characteristics\nthat is the goal of high-heat cooking. It can also help it absorb other\nflavors more easily.\n\nWhether it's chicken, pork, or beef, the basics of marinating are the same.\nHere's what we do.\n\n#### The Ingredients\n\nWhile you can add as many aromatics to a marinade as you'd like, there are a\nfew ingredients that serve as far more than just aromas—they actually\nphysically alter the way meat cooks, aiding in flavoring, tenderizing, and\nbrowning.\n\nWhen I construct a marinade, I like to add my dry ingredients first (salt,\nsugar, pepper), followed by my wet ingredients (Shaoxing wine, soy sauce),\nthen the oil, and finally some cornstarch.\n\nHow do each of these ingredients function?\n\n * Salt: Both a flavor and a texture enhancer, salt is essential in all marinades. It brings out meat's natural flavors and also tenderizes it by breaking down myosin, a tough protein found in meat, just like in a good brine. Tenderized proteins also contract less during cooking, which means better moisture retention.\n * Sugar: A flavor enhancer like salt, it also aids in both caramelization and the Maillard browning process. Sugar speeds up browning and creates more depth of flavor. It also provides a balance to the saltiness of salt and soy sauce.\n * Soy Sauce: Essential in stir-fry dishes, a dash of it makes a big difference. Just like salt, soy sauce is a flavor enhancer and builder. It is rich in glutamates, which makes meat taste more savory and improves juiciness.\n * Oil: It helps distribute cornstarch, seasonings, and fat-soluble flavors evenly when mixing the marinade with the meat. You want to use an oil that has a high smoke point, which should be the same oil you will be using when you are stir-frying. Peanut oil is a popular and traditional choice, but you can also use corn oil, refined light olive oil, vegetable oil, or canola oil.\n * Cornstarch: When added to marinades, cornstarch provides a light coating to meat that protects it slightly from the intense heat of the wok. This helps prevent overcooking and toughening of the outer layers of meat. The starch also acts as a binder and helps liquid ingredients, like soy sauce and shaoxing wine, come together and bind to the meat. The results are more flavorful, tender, and evenly cooked pieces of meat.\n\nAlong with those functional ingredients, I usually include the following\naromatics:\n\n * Pepper (white or black): Spicy and pungent, a little goes a long way. Since black pepper tends to be more aromatic, I usually add white pepper in stir-fry dishes when I'm going for a more subtle flavor profile. But black pepper is great when I want something bold and robust.\n * Shaoxing Wine: Slightly nutty tasting, this flavor builder adds an unmistakable aroma to any stir-fry dish. Dry sherry can be substituted for Shaoxing wine, but do try to find it if you can. Any well-stocked Chinese or Southeast Asian market will carry it.\n\n#### The Dos and Don'ts of Marinating\n\nBefore you begin to marinate, keep these tips in mind.\n\nDO make sure your meat is dry before slicing and marinating. If you wash your\nmeat before cooking, make sure to blot it with paper towels until dry. Water\nis not a flavor enhancer and will only serve to dilute flavor and make\nbrowning more difficult.\n\nDO marinate your meat in a bowl that's big enough for mixing. You don't want a\nbowl that just perfectly holds your sliced protein. You'll be mixing\ningredients around, so make sure you have room for the meat to move.\n\nDON'T add minced aromatics to your marinade, like garlic, ginger, or\nscallions. Stir-frying is high heat cooking, and those minced aromatics\nrapidly burn. Instead, add them toward the end of the stir-fry. Alternatively,\nyou can slice them into big pieces and fry them in oil for about 30 seconds.\nOnce you remove the aromatics, you can use cook with that infused oil.\n\nThis is a better way to add ginger flavor than using minced ginger in a\nmarinade.\n\nDON'T drown your protein in your marinade. Remember, you're marinating for a\nstir-fry. Too much liquid as you stir-fry your protein results in steaming,\nand nobody likes steamed meat, right?\n\nDO make sure to give your protein enough time to marinate. For this marinade,\nit only takes 30 minutes. Each ingredient in the marinade needs to have enough\ntime to do what it has to do. This window gives you plenty of time to get your\nother ingredients ready.\n\nOf course, the idea is that once you have a good basic marinade, it becomes a\nbuilding block for constructing stir fries on your own, but check out the\nrecipes below if you want some ideas to get you started.\n\n### Get the Recipes\n\n * #### Easy Stir-Fried Beef With Mushrooms and Butter\n\nView Recipe »\n\n * #### Easy Stir-Fried Pork With String Beans\n\nView Recipe »\n\n * #### Easy Stir-Fried Chicken With Ginger and Scallions\n\nView Recipe »\n\nAll products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We\nmay earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\n\nShao Z. Contributor\n\n * Profile\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Contact\n\nI was born in Guangzhou, the birthplace of dim sum, and raised in the\nChinatown neighborhood of Philadelphia. As a sibling-less child, cooking was a\nway to keep myself entertained. That’s how my love for food started and it\ncontinues to grow.\n\n18 Printer-Friendly Version\n\n###### Tags\n\n * wok skill\n\n * Chinese\n * Cooking Techniques\n * Stir Frying\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Cuisine\n * Asian\n * Chinese\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\n * Recipes\n * Method\n * Stir Frying\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\nSign In or Register\n\nShow 18 Comments\n\n##### Comments\n\n### Hello Eater!\n\nWant to comment? Sign In or Register\n\n##### ADD A COMMENT\n\n##### PREVIEW YOUR COMMENT\n\n##### HTML Hints\n\nSome HTML is OK: <a href=\"URL\">link</a>, <strong>strong</strong>, <em>em</em>\n\n##### Comment Guidelines\n\nPost whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We\nreserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on\nour Terms of Use page.\n\nIf you see something not so nice, please, report an inappropriate comment.\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\n## Popular Recipes\n\nCondiments and Sauces\n\n#### Traditional Toum (Lebanese Garlic Sauce)\n\nA creamy and pungent garlic paste, perfect for grilled meats or in a\ntraditional chicken shawarma.\n\nSohla El-Waylly\n\nAmerican\n\n#### Foolproof Pan Pizza\n\nThis cast iron pizza recipe is the easiest method for making a crisp-crusted,\nairy, chewy pan pizza at home.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nChicken\n\n#### The Food Lab's Southern Fried Chicken\n\nThe crispiest, crunchiest, juiciest fried chicken around.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nApple\n\n#### Gâteau Invisible (Invisible Apple Cake) With Miso Caramel\n\nAn apple a day? How about a whole cake's worth.\n\nTim Chin\n\n## More Chinese\n\n#### The Serious Eats Field Guide to Chinese Pastries\n\n#### Hei Now, You’re a Wok Star: A Fiery Hack for Stir-Frying at Home\n\n#### 14 Essential Sichuan Eats (Beyond Hot Pot) in Chengdu and Chongqing\n\nSerious Eats\n\n * Latest\n * Masthead\n * Contact\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Jobs\n * Sitemap\n * FAQ\n\nFollow Us\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * © 2021 Serious Eats Inc., by Dotdash\n\n#### Welcome! Please sign in.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.cooksmarts.com/articles/marinating-times-tips-and-easy-marinade-recipes/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211024065006/https://www.cooksmarts.com/articles/marinating-times-tips-and-easy-marinade-recipes/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Marinating Times and Tips [Infographic]",
"passages": [
"Ready to boost the flavor of your food? Get marinating times, tips, and five easy marinade recipes in the article and infographic below!",
"How long do you marinade chicken? What about shrimp? Understanding how to marinate and how long to do it can feel a bit tricky, especially if you want to avoid under soaking (not much flavor added) and over soaking (a mealy or mushy result).",
"That’s why we’ve put together this marinating guide to show you the main components of a marinade as well as tips for how to marinate chicken, pork, beef, fish, shrimp, tofu, and veggies, plus marinating times for each. At the end, we’re giving away five of our most versatile and easy marinade recipes. Yep, you’ll be marinating like a pro in no time!",
"Typically, there are three components: an acid, an oil, and flavors. A sweetener is also often added to balance acidity.",
"You can think of the acid and oil as the liquid foundation that carries your flavorings. Want rich and decadent flavors? Add in some Worcestershire sauce or miso paste. Craving something fresh and herbaceous? Add in ingredients like thyme or rosemary.",
"Now that you know the components of a marinade and have a list of the most common ingredients, get creative with it! Mix and match ingredients to discover new flavor combinations.",
"Almost any protein, including plant-based proteins like tofu, and a variety of vegetables can be marinated to infuse flavor and help create delicious caramelization. Let’s take a look at how to marinade meat proteins, tofu, and vegetables.",
"Add flavor to proteins and vegetables with our How to Marinate infographic, which includes tips, times, and 5 versatile marinade recipes.",
"Use our handy guide to get marinating tips, times, and 5 of our most versatile marinade recipes, so you can marinate and flavor like a pro.",
"I acknowledge by requesting this info, I'll be added to Cook Smarts' newsletter list. I can unsubscribe at any time.",
"Use our handy guide to get marinating tips, times, and 5 of our most versatile marinade recipes, so you can marinate and flavor like a pro.",
"I acknowledge by requesting this info, I'll be added to Cook Smarts' newsletter list. I can unsubscribe at any time.",
"It doesn’t take long for delicious flavors to soak into the surface of chicken — just make sure you remove the skin first! A variety of marinades, from rich balsamic to creamy herb, work well with the naturally mild flavor of chicken.",
"Using a marinade on leaner pork cuts like tenderloin can help prevent the meat from drying out when cooked over high heat. If using a heavily acidic marinade or small pieces of pork, stick to the shorter end of the soaking spectrum to avoid making the meat mealy or tough.",
"Using a marinade is an easy way to impart rich flavor into inexpensive or tougher cuts of beef like flank, shank, and brisket. Salty marinades that use ingredients like soy sauce and miso paste can help meat stay moist, while ingredients like oil and sugar can help form delicious caramel crusts.",
"The shorter muscle fibers of fish make it more sensitive to the effects of acid. If placed in a highly acidic marinade made of citrus or vinegar, fish can quickly “cook” and become tough or mushy. When using an acidic marinade, soak fillets for about 20 minutes to avoid overly denaturing the proteins.",
"Using a marinade with oil helps keep shrimp from sticking to the pan or grill when cooking. Like other delicate proteins, shrimp can become mushy if soaked in an acidic solution for too long.",
"Press liquid from tofu (or let it drain off for 15 minutes) before adding it to a marinade so it can better absorb flavor and form a crust while cooking. Use firm to extra firm tofu to avoid it crumbling and cut it into thin strips or small cubes to increase the surface area the marinade can flavor.",
"Marinating vegetables like asparagus, portobellos, zucchini, eggplant, cherry tomatoes, bell peppers, cauliflower, and onions adds loads of flavor and can help create delicious caramelization when cooked over high heat.",
"If using a dish to marinate, stick to shallow containers made of non-reactive materials like stainless steel, glass, or ceramic.",
"The five versatile and easy marinades below add tons of flavor to a variety of proteins and vegetables, and easily double as vinaigrettes for salads. Use 1/4 to 1/2 cup of marinade per pound of protein or vegetable. Set any unused marinade (that hasn’t touched raw meat) aside or make extra to drizzle over your food once it’s cooked!",
"The oil and miso paste in this marinade make it viscous enough to use as an excellent sauce for proteins, vegetables, and noodles.",
"For more cooking tips and resources, sign up for our newsletter below, and we’ll help you raise your kitchen IQ and cook with confidence by sending you our best articles and infographics.",
"I acknowledge by requesting this info, I'll be added to Cook Smarts' newsletter list. I can unsubscribe at any time."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Marinating Times and Tips [Infographic] | Cook Smarts\n\nVoted Lifehacker’s #1 Meal Planning Service! Free your mind of dinner\ndecisions [START FREE]\n\n * Cook Smarts\n\n * Sign In\n\nCook Smarts\n\nVoted Lifehacker’s #1 Meal Planning Service! Free your mind of dinner\ndecisions [START FREE]\n\nCook Smarts\n\nCook Smarts > Articles > Cook Smarts\n\n# Marinating Times and Tips (and 5 Easy Marinade Recipes)\n\nMay 21, 2018 By Taylor Isaac\n\n# Marinating Times and Tips (and 5 Easy Marinade Recipes)\n\nReady to boost the flavor of your food? Get marinating times, tips, and five\neasy marinade recipes in the article and infographic below!\n\n * By Taylor Isaac\n * May 21, 2018\n\nHow long do you marinade chicken? What about shrimp? Understanding how to\nmarinate and how long to do it can feel a bit tricky, especially if you want\nto avoid under soaking (not much flavor added) and over soaking (a mealy or\nmushy result).\n\nThat’s why we’ve put together this marinating guide to show you the main\ncomponents of a marinade as well as tips for how to marinate chicken, pork,\nbeef, fish, shrimp, tofu, and veggies, plus marinating times for each. At the\nend, we’re giving away five of our most versatile and easy marinade recipes.\nYep, you’ll be marinating like a pro in no time!\n\n## How to Make a Marinade: Common Ingredients\n\nSo what makes a marinade, well, a marinade?\n\nTypically, there are three components: an acid, an oil, and flavors. A\nsweetener is also often added to balance acidity.\n\nYou can think of the acid and oil as the liquid foundation that carries your\nflavorings. Want rich and decadent flavors? Add in some Worcestershire sauce\nor miso paste. Craving something fresh and herbaceous? Add in ingredients like\nthyme or rosemary.\n\nLet’s take a look at some of the most common marinade ingredients in each\ncategory:\n\n### Acids for Marinades:\n\n * Balsamic vinegar\n * Rice wine vinegar\n * Red wine vinegar\n * Sherry\n * Lemon\n * Lime\n * Orange\n * Grapefruit\n * Yogurt\n * Buttermilk\n\n### Mild-flavored oils for Marinades:\n\n * Olive oil\n * Grapeseed oil\n * Sesame oil\n * Avocado oil\n\n### Flavorings for Marinades:\n\n * Salt\n * Mustard\n * Soy sauce\n * Miso paste\n * Garlic\n * Shallots\n * Ginger\n * Herbs\n * Spices\n * Worcestershire sauce\n * Tamari\n * Aminos\n\n> More Smarts:\n>\n> Learn how to use fresh herbs, spices, and aromatics to add more flavor to\n> your food.\n\n### Sweeteners for Marinades:\n\n * Brown sugar\n * White sugar\n * Honey\n * Jam or preserves\n * Agave nectar\n * Ketchup\n * Stevia\n * Maple syrup\n * Cola\n * Ginger ale\n\nNow that you know the components of a marinade and have a list of the most\ncommon ingredients, get creative with it! Mix and match ingredients to\ndiscover new flavor combinations.\n\n> More Smarts:\n>\n> Learn how to combine and balance flavors in our Study of Flavor Profiles.\n\n## Marinating Times and Tips for Chicken, Pork, Beef, Fish, Shrimp, Tofu, and\nVegetables\n\nMarinades are commonly used to:\n\n * Flavor tough or inexpensive cuts of meat that require long simmering in liquid (like beef roast)\n * Impart flavor while preventing moisture loss during high heat cooking (like grilling)\n * To dress up foods like vegetables and tofu with particular flavors\n\nAlmost any protein, including plant-based proteins like tofu, and a variety of\nvegetables can be marinated to infuse flavor and help create delicious\ncaramelization. Let’s take a look at how to marinade meat proteins, tofu, and\nvegetables.\n\nDownload this handy infographic or print it out to keep in your kitchen for\neasy reference:\n\nInfographic\n\n## Guide to Marinating Like a Pro\n\nAdd flavor to proteins and vegetables with our How to Marinate infographic,\nwhich includes tips, times, and 5 versatile marinade recipes.\n\n### Give Proteins & Veggies a Boost of Flavor!\n\nUse our handy guide to get marinating tips, times, and 5 of our most versatile\nmarinade recipes, so you can marinate and flavor like a pro.\n\nI acknowledge by requesting this info, I'll be added to Cook Smarts'\nnewsletter list. I can unsubscribe at any time.\n\nGet the Free Guide to Marinades\n\n### Give Proteins & Veggies a Boost of Flavor!\n\nUse our handy guide to get marinating tips, times, and 5 of our most versatile\nmarinade recipes, so you can marinate and flavor like a pro.\n\nI acknowledge by requesting this info, I'll be added to Cook Smarts'\nnewsletter list. I can unsubscribe at any time.\n\nMarinating Tips for Chicken\n\nIt doesn’t take long for delicious flavors to soak into the surface of chicken\n— just make sure you remove the skin first! A variety of marinades, from rich\nbalsamic to creamy herb, work well with the naturally mild flavor of chicken.\n\n### How Long to Marinate Chicken\n\nMarinate thin pieces of chicken from 20 minutes to 3 hours, and whole chickens\nfor up to 24 hours.\n\n> More Smarts:\n>\n> Learn how to get that delicious smoky, charred flavor in our Guide to\n> Grilling Meat.\n\nMarinating Tips for Pork\n\nUsing a marinade on leaner pork cuts like tenderloin can help prevent the meat\nfrom drying out when cooked over high heat. If using a heavily acidic marinade\nor small pieces of pork, stick to the shorter end of the soaking spectrum to\navoid making the meat mealy or tough.\n\n### How Long to Marinate Pork\n\nMarinate from 20 minutes up to 24 hours.\n\nMarinating Tips for Beef\n\nUsing a marinade is an easy way to impart rich flavor into inexpensive or\ntougher cuts of beef like flank, shank, and brisket. Salty marinades that use\ningredients like soy sauce and miso paste can help meat stay moist, while\ningredients like oil and sugar can help form delicious caramel crusts.\n\n### How Long to Marinate Beef\n\nMarinate from 30 minutes to 24 hours.\n\nMarinating Tips for Fish\n\nThe shorter muscle fibers of fish make it more sensitive to the effects of\nacid. If placed in a highly acidic marinade made of citrus or vinegar, fish\ncan quickly “cook” and become tough or mushy. When using an acidic marinade,\nsoak fillets for about 20 minutes to avoid overly denaturing the proteins.\n\n### How Long to Marinate Fish\n\nMarinate from 20 minutes (if very acidic) to 2 hours (if using a low acid\nmarinade).\n\n> More Smarts:\n>\n> Cook your meat to the perfect temperature every time with the help of our\n> Meat Temperature Guide.\n\nMarinating Tips for Shrimp\n\nUsing a marinade with oil helps keep shrimp from sticking to the pan or grill\nwhen cooking. Like other delicate proteins, shrimp can become mushy if soaked\nin an acidic solution for too long.\n\n### How Long to Marinate Shrimp\n\nMarinate from 20 minutes (if very acidic) to 2 hours (if using a low acid\nmarinade)\n\nMarinating Tips for Tofu\n\nPress liquid from tofu (or let it drain off for 15 minutes) before adding it\nto a marinade so it can better absorb flavor and form a crust while cooking.\nUse firm to extra firm tofu to avoid it crumbling and cut it into thin strips\nor small cubes to increase the surface area the marinade can flavor.\n\n### How Long to Marinate Tofu\n\nMarinate from 30 minutes to 24 hours.\n\n> More Smarts:\n>\n> New to tofu? Learn how to prep it in our Guide to Prepping Tofu.\n\nMarinating Tips for Vegetables\n\nMarinating vegetables like asparagus, portobellos, zucchini, eggplant, cherry\ntomatoes, bell peppers, cauliflower, and onions adds loads of flavor and can\nhelp create delicious caramelization when cooked over high heat.\n\n### How Long to Marinate Vegetables\n\nMarinate for 30 minutes.\n\n> More Smarts:\n>\n> Learn how to grill vegetables in our Guide to Grilling Vegetables.\n\n## 5 Tips for Marinating Success\n\nWhen you’re ready to start the marinating process, use the tips below to make\nit easy and efficient.\n\n 1. Tenderize meat with a fork before marinating to increase the surface area on which the marinade can impart flavors.\n 2. Place marinating meat in the refrigerator to keep it in the safe temperature zone.\n 3. Marinate food in a Ziploc bag with air removed to help the marinade soak into the entire surface.\n 4. Use a plastic bag for marinating to take up less space in your refrigerator and make cleaning simple.\n 5. If using a dish to marinate, stick to shallow containers made of non-reactive materials like stainless steel, glass, or ceramic.\n\n## 5 Versatile and Easy Marinade Recipes\n\nThe five versatile and easy marinades below add tons of flavor to a variety of\nproteins and vegetables, and easily double as vinaigrettes for salads. Use 1/4\nto 1/2 cup of marinade per pound of protein or vegetable. Set any unused\nmarinade (that hasn’t touched raw meat) aside or make extra to drizzle over\nyour food once it’s cooked!\n\nVinegar-Based Marinade\n\nFlavor profile: Tangy\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 1 clove shallot, diced\n * 2 Tbsp vinegar (balsamic, sherry, red wine)\n * 1 Tbsp soy sauce\n * 2 tsp Dijon mustard\n * 2 tsp maple syrup (or other sweetener)\n * 3 Tbsp mild-flavored oil\n\nUse on: Chicken, pork, beef, fish, shrimp, tofu, and vegetables\n\nMarinade Tips:\n\n * Add herbs for an extra layer of flavor.\n\nSpicy and Smoky Yogurt-Based Marinade\n\nFlavor profile: Spicy, Smoky\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 1 clove garlic, peeled\n * 1/2 Tbsp smoked paprika\n * 1 tsp cumin\n * 1/2 tsp cayenne\n * 1 Tbsp lemon juice\n * 4 Tbsp plain Greek yogurt\n * 1/2 tsp salt\n\nUse on: Chicken or pork\n\nMarinade Tips:\n\n * To make this marinade Paleo, substitute the yogurt for a mild-flavored oil like grapeseed.\n * Explore different flavor profiles by changing up the spices.\n\n * Use as a dip for grilled vegetables.\n\nMiso Soy Marinade\n\nFlavor profile: Salty, Umami\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 1 Tbsp soy sauce\n * 1-1/2 Tbsp miso paste\n * 3 Tbsp rice or white wine vinegar\n * 1/2 Tbsp brown sugar or honey\n * 4 Tbsp mild-flavored oil\n\nUse on: Chicken, pork, beef, fish, shrimp, tofu, and vegetables\n\nMarinade Tips:\n\n * The oil and miso paste in this marinade make it viscous enough to use as an excellent sauce for proteins, vegetables, and noodles.\n * Use as a vinaigrette for a delicious Asian-inspired green salad.\n\nBarbecue Marinade\n\nFlavor profile: Sweet, Spice\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 1/4 cup apple cider or white wine vinegar\n * 1/2 cup onion, chopped\n * 1/2 cup water\n * 1 Tbsp Worcestershire sauce\n * 1/2 cup ketchup\n * 1 tsp sugar\n * 1/2 tsp dried mustard\n * 3/4 tsp salt\n * 1/4 tsp ground black pepper\n\nUse on: Chicken, pork, beef, tofu, and vegetables\n\nMarinade Tips:\n\n * Unused marinade doubles as barbecue sauce.\n * For a thicker sauce, simmer on the stove until you reach the desired consistency.\n\nCilantro Garlic Marinade\n\nFlavor profile: Salty, Umami, Sour, Sweet\n\nIngredients:\n\n * 1/4 cup cilantro leaves, chopped\n * 2 cloves garlic, chopped\n * 1/4 cup mild-flavored oil\n * 1 Tbsp red wine vinegar\n * 1 Tbsp lemon or lime juice\n * 1 Tbsp soy sauce\n * 1/2 tsp salt\n\nUse on: Chicken, pork, beef, fish, shrimp, tofu, and vegetables\n\nMarinade Tips:\n\n * Try different herbs for different flavors. Swap cilantro for parsley, oregano, or dill.\n\n> More Smarts:\n>\n> Learn how to use aromatics, herbs, spices, and sauces to create incredibly\n> flavorful food in our Maximizing Flavor Series.\n\nAre you a fan of marinating? Any marinade recipes you want to share? Let us\nknow in the comments!\n\nFor more cooking tips and resources, sign up for our newsletter below, and\nwe’ll help you raise your kitchen IQ and cook with confidence by sending you\nour best articles and infographics.\n\nGet our Meal Plans\n\n### The convenience of meal kits without the waste\n\nOverwhelmed?\n\n### Try our award winning meal plan service for free\n\n#### Share the love!\n\nJoin our community\n\n## Enjoy free tips in your inbox\n\n##### How can we help you in the kitchen?\n\nLearn to Cook\n\nRaise Healthy Kids\n\nSpend Less\n\nSave Time\n\nGet out of Dinner Rut\n\nJoin our community\n\n## Enjoy free tips in your inbox\n\nTags: Beef, Chicken, easy weeknight recipes, Fish, grilling, marinades, Pork,\nrecipes, shrimp, Tofu, vegetables\n\n##### How can we help you in the kitchen?\n\nLearn to Cook\n\nRaise Healthy Kids\n\nSpend Less\n\nSave Time\n\nGet out of Dinner Rut\n\n#### Recommended Reads\n\nCook Smarts\n\n##### A Fun Way to Teach Kids About Food & Healthy Eating\n\nCook Smarts\n\n##### The Ultimate Burger Guide + 20 Burger Combos for Every Taste\n\n### Meal Plans. Guides & Infographics. Cooking Lessons. Designed to educate,\ninspire and nourish.\n\n©2021 Cook Smarts Privacy Terms of Use /\n\n### Sign up for the Cook Smarts Newsletter\n\nCancel\n\nPrivacy Policy: We hate SPAM & promise to keep your email address safe.\n\n### Join >50K who have downloaded our Marinating Guide\n\nGet our marinating tips and marinade recipes in your inbox and enjoy way more\nflavor!\n\nI acknowledge by requesting this info, I'll be added to Cook Smarts'\nnewsletter list. I can unsubscribe at any time.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-marinate/o9kQWhkn",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180306204315/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-marinate/o9kQWhkn",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to marinate",
"passages": [
"Marinating is a great way to intensify the flavour of food with just a few basic ingredients. So, choose your favourite flavours and soak up the easy-to- follow tips in this guide.",
"The purpose of marinating is to add flavour and, in some cases, tenderise meat, chicken and fish. Marinades can even be used on some vegies, including eggplant, zucchini and artichoke. In this guide you’ll discover the key to successful marinating. Part of the trick is to plan ahead so your food has time to absorb the flavours.",
"A marinade can be a paste, a liquid or a dry rub (such as a simple herb and spice mix). You can also mix and match flavours to create your own blends.",
"Bamboo skewers for threading pieces of food together for cooking (soak skewers in water before using them so they don’t burn).",
"Shallow dishes for marinating the food in. These ensure an even coverage of your ingredients. If the food isn’t completely covered in marinade, turn it every 30 minutes. Use glass or ceramic dishes if your marinade contains citrus juice, vinegar or garlic. The acid in these ingredients may react with a metal container and taint the food.",
"The oil content in a marinade locks in the natural flavour of the food and prevents it drying out. Some oils can also add flavour. Good oils for marinating include olive, sesame, peanut and infused oils (such as chilli).",
"These ingredients tenderise meat by unravelling its proteins – this softens the surface and allows flavours to be absorbed. Acids include vinegar, wine, sherry, citrus juice, yoghurt and buttermilk.",
"These provide the unique flavours. Garlic, ginger and onion are great starting points but you can also use fresh herbs and chilli to spice things up, or honey and sugar to sweeten your food. Seasonings include citrus peel, soy sauce, mustard, salt and pepper, and herbs and spices.",
"As a general rule, the longer food is left to marinate, the more flavoursome it will become. However, the ideal marinating time usually depends on what you’re marinating, the size of the ingredients and the type of marinade you are using.",
"Small or tender cuts, such as lamb and beef fillets, chicken breasts and seafood, require shorter marinating times (usually two to four hours). Larger or tougher cuts such as leg, rump or shoulder will need longer (usually four to six hours).",
"Be careful when using acidic marinades. Foods left too long in these blends can change colour and texture. Fish fillets, for example, can change in a matter of minutes.",
"| Steaks, chops, diced| 2-4 hours Whole roast| 4-6 hours (or overnight) Poultry| Fillets, cutlets, wings, drumsticks| 2-4 hours Whole roast| 4-6 hours (or overnight) Seafood| Prawns, octopus and squid| 1-2 hours Fish| Whole fish, steaks, fillets| 2-4 hours",
"Not all marinades need to contain liquid ingredients – some consist of only dry ingredients, such as herbs and spices. These mixtures are often referred to as “rubs” (because they are literally rubbed onto the surface of your food). Once the rub is applied to your meat, chicken or fish, cover the dish with plastic wrap and place in the fridge to marinate.",
"Marinades used for raw meat or poultry can be used to baste ingredients as they cook, or for a sauce, but they need be boiled first. Place the marinade in a saucepan over high heat and boil for 5 minutes. This will kill any harmful bacteria.",
"We collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this site and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on our network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural Advertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices, including how to opt-out here."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to marinate\n\nPartnered with\n\n# How to marinate\n\nImage credit: William Meppem\n\nMarinating is a great way to intensify the flavour of food with just a few\nbasic ingredients. So, choose your favourite flavours and soak up the easy-to-\nfollow tips in this guide.\n\nThe purpose of marinating is to add flavour and, in some cases, tenderise\nmeat, chicken and fish. Marinades can even be used on some vegies, including\neggplant, zucchini and artichoke. In this guide you’ll discover the key to\nsuccessful marinating. Part of the trick is to plan ahead so your food has\ntime to absorb the flavours.\n\nA marinade can be a paste, a liquid or a dry rub (such as a simple herb and\nspice mix). You can also mix and match flavours to create your own blends.\n\n## What you need\n\nFor expert marinating, have the following utensils on hand.\n\n * A juicer for squeezing citrus fruit.\n * Tongs for turning the ingredients.\n * Bamboo skewers for threading pieces of food together for cooking (soak skewers in water before using them so they don’t burn).\n * A pastry brush to brush the marinade over your food while it is cooking.\n * Shallow dishes for marinating the food in. These ensure an even coverage of your ingredients. If the food isn’t completely covered in marinade, turn it every 30 minutes. Use glass or ceramic dishes if your marinade contains citrus juice, vinegar or garlic. The acid in these ingredients may react with a metal container and taint the food.\n\n## What to use in a marinade\n\nMarinades vary from recipe to recipe but they generally contain three basic\ncomponents – oils, acids and seasonings.\n\n### Oils\n\nThe oil content in a marinade locks in the natural flavour of the food and\nprevents it drying out. Some oils can also add flavour. Good oils for\nmarinating include olive, sesame, peanut and infused oils (such as chilli).\n\n### Acids\n\nThese ingredients tenderise meat by unravelling its proteins – this softens\nthe surface and allows flavours to be absorbed. Acids include vinegar, wine,\nsherry, citrus juice, yoghurt and buttermilk.\n\nYoghurt and buttermilk tend to keep foods moist, while a citrus-based marinade\ncan “cook” raw fish.\n\n### Seasonings\n\nThese provide the unique flavours. Garlic, ginger and onion are great starting\npoints but you can also use fresh herbs and chilli to spice things up, or\nhoney and sugar to sweeten your food. Seasonings include citrus peel, soy\nsauce, mustard, salt and pepper, and herbs and spices.\n\n## Marinating basics\n\nAs a general rule, the longer food is left to marinate, the more flavoursome\nit will become. However, the ideal marinating time usually depends on what\nyou’re marinating, the size of the ingredients and the type of marinade you\nare using.\n\nFor best results, follow these general guidelines and see our chart below.\n\n * Small or tender cuts, such as lamb and beef fillets, chicken breasts and seafood, require shorter marinating times (usually two to four hours). Larger or tougher cuts such as leg, rump or shoulder will need longer (usually four to six hours).\n * Be careful when using acidic marinades. Foods left too long in these blends can change colour and texture. Fish fillets, for example, can change in a matter of minutes.\n\n## Guide to marinating times\n\nIngredient| Examples| Marinating time \n---|---|--- \n \nMeats, such as lamb, beef & pork\n\n| Steaks, chops, diced| 2-4 hours \nWhole roast| 4-6 hours (or overnight) \nPoultry| Fillets, cutlets, wings, drumsticks| 2-4 hours \nWhole roast| 4-6 hours (or overnight) \nSeafood| Prawns, octopus and squid| 1-2 hours \nFish| Whole fish, steaks, fillets| 2-4 hours \n \n## Here’s the rub\n\nNot all marinades need to contain liquid ingredients – some consist of only\ndry ingredients, such as herbs and spices. These mixtures are often referred\nto as “rubs” (because they are literally rubbed onto the surface of your\nfood). Once the rub is applied to your meat, chicken or fish, cover the dish\nwith plastic wrap and place in the fridge to marinate.\n\n## Safety tips\n\n * Marinades used for raw meat or poultry can be used to baste ingredients as they cook, or for a sauce, but they need be boiled first. Place the marinade in a saucepan over high heat and boil for 5 minutes. This will kill any harmful bacteria.\n * Marinate meat, chicken and fish in the fridge to prevent the growth of harmful bacteria.\n\n## Related links\n\nMarinades recipe collection\n\n * Image credit: William Meppem\n * Publication: Taste.com.au\n\n### Shop this week's catalogue now\n\nA note about relevant advertising\n\nWe collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this\nsite and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on\nour network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural\nAdvertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices,\nincluding how to opt-out here.\n\nCopyright 2018 NewsLifeMedia all rights reserved\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Relevant Ads Opt-Out\n * Cookie Policy\n * About us\n * Advertise\n * Legal Notices\n * Contact us\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/easy-italian-chicken-marinade-492760",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201125113218/https://www.food.com/recipe/easy-italian-chicken-marinade-492760",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Easy Italian Chicken Marinade Recipe",
"passages": [
"This recipe is great on grilled chicken! The vinegar helps create a tender meat, so the longer it marinates, the better. A favorite of mine is to grill chicken using this, slice it into strips, and serve with pasta (this goes great with my \"Béchamel (White Sauce)\" recipe!). This marinade tastes just as good without the Montreal Chicken Seasoning, so if you're out of it, don't stress!",
"Completely cover each chicken breast with marinade. Store in gallon-size ziplock baggies, Tupperware containers, or other sealable, air-tight container. Marinate chicken for at least 4 hours or overnight."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Easy Italian Chicken Marinade Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Chicken Breast\n\n# Easy Italian Chicken Marinade\n\n(2)\n\nRecipe by ABfan13\n\nThis recipe is great on grilled chicken! The vinegar helps create a tender\nmeat, so the longer it marinates, the better. A favorite of mine is to grill\nchicken using this, slice it into strips, and serve with pasta (this goes\ngreat with my "Béchamel (White Sauce)" recipe!). This\nmarinade tastes just as good without the Montreal Chicken Seasoning, so if\nyou're out of it, don't stress!\n\n2\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 5mins\n\nSERVES: 4-6\n\nYIELD: 1/4 cup\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * ^1⁄_4\n\ncup olive oil\n\n * 2\n\nteaspoons vinegar (apple cider works well)\n\n * 1\n\ntablespoon Montreal chicken seasoning\n\n * 1\n\ntablespoon italian seasoning\n\n * 2\n\nboneless skinless chicken breasts\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (50) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 4\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 187.1\n\nCalories from Fat 135 g 72 %\n\nTotal Fat 15 g 23 %\n\nSaturated Fat 2.2 g 11 %\n\nCholesterol 37.8 mg 12 %\n\nSodium 68.8 mg 2 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 0 g 0 %\n\nDietary Fiber 0 g 0 %\n\nSugars 0 g 0 %\n\nProtein 12.5 g 25 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Whisk all ingredients together in a small bowl until combined.\n * Completely cover each chicken breast with marinade. Store in gallon-size ziplock baggies, Tupperware containers, or other sealable, air-tight container. Marinate chicken for at least 4 hours or overnight.\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\n23 Thanksgiving Dinner Recipes for ...\n\n38 Best Thanksgiving Recipes to Mak...\n\n32 Three-Ingredient Appetizers for ...\n\n63 Satisfying Soup Recipes for Cold...\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2020 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/mintemp.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190607022948/https://www.foodsafety.gov/keep/charts/mintemp.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Safe Minimum Cooking Temperatures",
"passages": [
"Use this chart and a food thermometer to ensure that meat, poultry, seafood, and other cooked foods reach a safe minimum internal temperature.",
"Remember, you can’t tell whether meat is safely cooked by looking at it. Any cooked, uncured red meats – including pork – can be pink, even when the meat has reached a safe internal temperature.",
"After you remove meat from a grill, oven, or other heat source, allow it to rest for the specified amount of time. During the rest time, its temperature remains constant or continues to rise, which destroys harmful germs.",
"Category| Food| Temperature (°F)| Rest Time ---|---|---|--- Ground Meat & Meat Mixtures| Beef, Pork, Veal, Lamb| 160| None Turkey, Chicken| 165| None Fresh Beef, Veal, Lamb| Steaks, roasts, chops| 145| 3 minutes Poultry| Chicken & Turkey, whole| 165| None Poultry breasts, roasts| 165| None Poultry thighs, legs, wings| 165| None Duck & Goose| 165| None Stuffing (cooked alone or in bird)| 165| None Pork and Ham| Fresh pork| 145| 3 minutes Fresh ham (raw)| 145| 3 minutes Precooked ham (to reheat)| 140| None Eggs & Egg Dishes| Eggs| Cook until yolk and white are firm| None Egg dishes| 160| None Leftovers & Casseroles| Leftovers| 165| None Casseroles| 165| None Seafood| Fin Fish| 145 or cook until flesh is opaque and separates easily with a fork.| None Shrimp, lobster, and crabs| Cook until flesh is pearly and opaque.| None Clams, oysters, and mussels| Cook until shells open during cooking.| None Scallops| Cook until flesh is milky white or opaque and firm.| None"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Safe Minimum Cooking Temperatures | FoodSafety.gov\n\nSkip Navigation\n\nFoodSafety.gov\n\n * Blog\n * Multimedia\n * News\n * Español\n\n * Home\n * Recalls & Alerts\n\n * See Recent Recalls\n * Get Automatic Alerts\n * Get Food Safety Widget\n * Keep Food Safe\n\n * FoodKeeper App\n * Check Your Steps\n * Charts: Food Safety at a Glance\n * By Types of Food\n * By Events and Seasons\n * In An Emergency\n * What Government Does\n * Who’s at Risk\n\n * Cancer Patients\n * Children under Five Years of Age\n * Diabetes Patients\n * HIV/AIDS Patients\n * Older Adults\n * Persons with Autoimmune Diseases\n * Pregnant Women\n * Food Safety for Home Delivered Meals\n * Food Poisoning\n\n * Symptoms\n * Causes\n * Long-Term Effects\n * How Government Responds\n * Report a Problem\n\n * Report Food Poisoning\n * Report a Problem with Food\n * Ask the Experts\n\n * Ask Karen\n * Other Resources\n * News & Features\n\n * News for Educators\n * Roadmap to News Chart\n * Contacts for Media\n\nKeep Food Safe:\n\n * FoodKeeper App\n * Check Your Steps\n * Charts: Food Safety at a Glance\n * By Types of Food\n * By Events and Seasons\n * In An Emergency\n * What Government Does\n\nHome > Keep Food Safe > Charts: Food Safety at a Glance\n\n * Text Size: A A A\n\n# Safe Minimum Cooking Temperatures\n\nUse this chart and a food thermometer to ensure that meat, poultry, seafood,\nand other cooked foods reach a safe minimum internal temperature.\n\nRemember, you can’t tell whether meat is safely cooked by looking at it. Any\ncooked, uncured red meats – including pork – can be pink, even when the meat\nhas reached a safe internal temperature.\n\n## Why the Rest Time is Important\n\nAfter you remove meat from a grill, oven, or other heat source, allow it to\nrest for the specified amount of time. During the rest time, its temperature\nremains constant or continues to rise, which destroys harmful germs.\n\nCategory| Food| Temperature (°F)| Rest Time \n---|---|---|--- \nGround Meat & Meat Mixtures| Beef, Pork, Veal, Lamb| 160| None \nTurkey, Chicken| 165| None \nFresh Beef, Veal, Lamb| Steaks, roasts, chops| 145| 3 minutes \nPoultry| Chicken & Turkey, whole| 165| None \nPoultry breasts, roasts| 165| None \nPoultry thighs, legs, wings| 165| None \nDuck & Goose| 165| None \nStuffing (cooked alone or in bird)| 165| None \nPork and Ham| Fresh pork| 145| 3 minutes \nFresh ham (raw)| 145| 3 minutes \nPrecooked ham (to reheat)| 140| None \nEggs & Egg Dishes| Eggs| Cook until yolk and white are firm| None \nEgg dishes| 160| None \nLeftovers & Casseroles| Leftovers| 165| None \nCasseroles| 165| None \nSeafood| Fin Fish| 145 or cook until flesh is opaque and separates easily with\na fork.| None \nShrimp, lobster, and crabs| Cook until flesh is pearly and opaque.| None \nClams, oysters, and mussels| Cook until shells open during cooking.| None \nScallops| Cook until flesh is milky white or opaque and firm.| None \n \n#### Stay Connected\n\n#### Our Partners\n\n * About FoodSafety.gov\n * Accessibility\n * Privacy Policy\n * FOIA\n * Disclaimers\n * Plain Writing\n * Contact Us\n\n * No FEAR\n * Viewers & Players\n * WhiteHouse.gov\n * USA.gov\n * GobiernoUSA.gov\n * Give Feedback\n * Nondiscrimination Notice\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services - 200 Independence Avenue, S.W. -\nWashington, D.C. 20201\n\n"
}
] |
1,331,420 | How To Care for a Giant Leopard Moth Caterpillar | To care for a giant leopard moth caterpillar, start by finding a large container that has a secure cover that will also allow air flow, such as a cheesecloth secured with a rubber band or a piece of plastic wrap with small holes poked into it. Next, put 2-3 inches of dirt into your jar or pot, and add some grass and twigs. Then, place your caterpillar’s home outside or on a windowsill to give it lots of natural light and air. In order to feed your caterpillar, give it leafy plants like dandelions, violets, honeysuckle, and lilacs daily. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200522185603/http://www.hiltonpond.org/thisweek020608.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190714185118/http://www.animalspot.net:80/giant-leopard-moth.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190802192743/http://www.butterflyschool.org:80/teacher/raising.html"
] | train | 1,646 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.hiltonpond.org/thisweek020608.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200522185603/http://www.hiltonpond.org/thisweek020608.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Caterpillar of Giant Leopard Moth, Hypercompe scribonia (formerly Ecpantheria scribonia)",
"passages": [
"Humans and butterflies are adapted best for diurnal activity, so it's not surprising from spring through fall we often encounter butterflies on daytime excursions. Most folks can identify at least a few butterfly species and even install plants that attract these colorful insects to their yards. The majority of moths, on the other hand, are poorly known, primarily because they fly at night and are seldom seen--except for those that flutter around our porch lights or get into the woolens.",
"Here at Hilton Pond Center we're nearly as likely to see moth caterpillars as the moths themselves, especially since these voracious larvae are moving and eating almost around the clock. Lately we've made a concerted effort seek out, watch, and identify lepidopteran larval stages--all in the name of gaining better understanding of our local moth population. This week, for example, we discovered a 2\" inch caterpillar (above) stretched out under a couple of loose boards.",
"The larva resembled one of those familiar brown-and-black Woolly Bears that supposedly forecast the severity of winter weather, but it was completely covered with quarter-inch black bristles that shined in the sun like patent leather. As a rule, it's best not to handle hairy caterpillars because some of them are poisonous. When specialized hollow hairs on these caterpillars are touched by us \"thin-skinned\" humans, one or more may break off, create a tiny scratch on our hand, and release a strong toxin into the nearly invisible wound. This process--called \"urtication\"--is analogous to a bee sting, except that the poison is trasmitted by a scratch rather than an injection. Caterpillar urtications can cause severe allergic responses and even death in some people, so--as we said--better NOT to handle hairy caterpillars unless you know they are harmless varieties.",
"With this precaution in mine, we carefully scooped our new-found black caterpillar onto a piece of wood, where it immediately curled up into a ball and revealed what we suspected would be a useful field mark: bright red bands between its body segments (left). After we made our way back to the library at Hilton Pond Center, we took down one of the few caterpillar field guides in print (Peterson First Guide to Caterpillars by Amy Bartlett Wright; Houghton Mifflin Company, 1993) and searched for an illustration that matched.",
"This particular field guide groups caterpillars according to their skin characteristics, e.g., smooth, smooth with knobs or bumps, hairy, bristled, with branched spines, etc., so we turned to the \"bristled\" section. The first entry was the Woolly Bear, and on the very next page we found a painting of a black, bristly caterpillar with red bands between its segments. There wasn't much question about the identification: Giant Leopard Moth, Hypercompe scribonia (formerly Ecpantheria scribonia), a non-poisonous species that we now felt comfortable handling so we could see the red bands and bristles even better (right).",
"The large-ish Giant Leopard Moth has a 3\" wingspan and is distinctively marked, with black circles on its otherwise pure white wings (below left); the abdomen, hidden by its wings when the moth is at rest, is metallic blue with bright orange markings. Found across the eastern U.S., Giant Leopard Moths are especially common in the south central and southeastern states. From early summer through fall, adult moths--or at least the males--often come at night to electric lamps; some lepidopterists report that females of this species may not be attracted to lights.",
"Like many moths, the female Giant Leopard Moth produces pheromones from a gland at the tip of her abdomen. These potent chemicals carry on the wind and are detected by antennae on the male, who follows the scent to his prospective mate. After copulation, the female lays her eggs on a wide variety of host plants--including violets, plantains, dandelion, cherries, maples, and willows whose leaves are eaten by her larvae--and probably dies soon thereafter, while the male my seek another mate. Fertile eggs develop and hatch within days, after which the larvae dine on leaves of their respective host plants and go through several growth stages in which they must molt their restrictive outer skins. To our knowledge, adult Giant Leopard Moths do not eat and spend their short lives reproducing.",
"The Giant Leopard Moth caterpillar spends the winter in a state of hibernation, although in more temperate parts of its range it may wake temporarily on mild days for a mid-winter snack. When spring arrives, Giant Leopard Moth caterpillars become active again and feed heavily until optimal size is reached, at which time each larva shucks off its spiny exoskeleton one more time and makes a pupa (below right). The adult metamorphoses therein and emerges after only a few weeks; thus, the cycle begins again for the Giant Leopard Moth--whose larvae we encourage at Hilton Pond Center because they are known to dine on Japanese Honeysuckle. The caterpillar we found and photographed will need to change its diet, however, because we do all we can to eliminate invasive honeysuckle vines. Fortunately, soon after we let it go the black, fuzzy caterpillar crawled into a patch of wildflowers and chowed down hungrily on the underside of a heart-shaped Blue Violet leaf (below).",
"Thanks to Rusty Trump of Suwanee, Georgia for his photos of the adult Giant Leopard Moth and the pupa from which it came.",
"Be sure to scroll down for an account of all birds banded or recaptured during the period, plus other nature notes of interest.",
"If you enjoy \"This Week at Hilton Pond,\" please help Support Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History. It's painless, and YOU can make a difference!",
"You may wish to consult our Index of all nature topics covered since February 2000. You can also use our on-line Hilton Pond Search Engine at the bottom of this page.",
"For a free, non-fattening, on-line subscription to \"This Week at Hilton Pond,\" just send us an E-mail with SUBSCRIBE in the Subject line. Please be sure to configure your spam filter to accept E-mails from hiltonpond.org.",
"If you enjoy \"This Week at Hilton Pond,\" please help Support Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History. It's painless, and YOU can make a difference!",
"If you like to shop on-line please become a member of iGive, through which more than 750 on-line stores from Amazon to Barnes & Noble, L.L. Bean to Lands' End--and even iTunes!--will donate a percentage of your purchase price in support of Hilton Pond Center and Operation RubyThroat. For every new member who signs up and makes an on-line purchase iGive will donate an ADDITIONAL $5 to the Center. You can even do Web searches through iGive and earn a penny per search for the cause! Please enroll by going to the iGive Web site; more than 200 members have signed up to help. It's a painless, important way for YOU to support our on-going work in conservation, education, and research. By the way, if you add the iGive Toolbar to your browser and register Operation RubyThroat as your preferred charity, it'll be even easier to help Hilton Pond when you shop.",
"SIGHTINGS OF INTEREST --An Eastern Phoebe was sitting on five chicks this week in a nest on the front porch of Hilton Pond Center's old farmhouse",
"Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History is a non-profit research & education organization in York, South Carolina USA; phone (803) 684-5852. Directed by Bill Hilton Jr., aka The Piedmont Naturalist, it is the parent organization for Operation RubyThroat. Contents of this Web site--including articles and photos--may NOT be duplicated, modified, or used in any way except with the express written permission of Hilton Pond Center. All rights reserved worldwide. To obtain permission for use or for further assistance on accessing this Web site, contact the Webmaster."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Caterpillar of Giant Leopard Moth, Hypercompe scribonia (formerly Ecpantheria\nscribonia)\n\nHOME: www.hiltonpond.org\n\n|\n\nGENERAL INFO \n \n---|--- \n \nCONTENTS \n \nRESEARCH \n \nEDUCATION \n \nPUBLICATIONS \n \nMISCELLANY \n \nTHIS WEEK at HILTON POND 8-14 June 2002\n\nInstallment #127---Visitor #\n\nBack to Preceding Week; on to Next Week \n \n--- \n \nBLACK, BRISTLY CATERPILLAR\n\nHumans and butterflies are adapted best for diurnal activity, so it's not\nsurprising from spring through fall we often encounter butterflies on daytime\nexcursions. Most folks can identify at least a few butterfly species and even\ninstall plants that attract these colorful insects to their yards. The\nmajority of moths, on the other hand, are poorly known, primarily because they\nfly at night and are seldom seen--except for those that flutter around our\nporch lights or get into the woolens.\n\nAll text & photos © Hilton Pond Center\n\nHere at Hilton Pond Center we're nearly as likely to see moth caterpillars as\nthe moths themselves, especially since these voracious larvae are moving and\neating almost around the clock. Lately we've made a concerted effort seek out,\nwatch, and identify lepidopteran larval stages--all in the name of gaining\nbetter understanding of our local moth population. This week, for example, we\ndiscovered a 2\" inch caterpillar (above) stretched out under a couple of loose\nboards.\n\nThe larva resembled one of those familiar brown-and-black Woolly Bears that\nsupposedly forecast the severity of winter weather, but it was completely\ncovered with quarter-inch black bristles that shined in the sun like patent\nleather. As a rule, it's best not to handle hairy caterpillars because some of\nthem are poisonous. When specialized hollow hairs on these caterpillars are\ntouched by us \"thin-skinned\" humans, one or more may break off, create a tiny\nscratch on our hand, and release a strong toxin into the nearly invisible\nwound. This process--called \"urtication\"--is analogous to a bee sting, except\nthat the poison is trasmitted by a scratch rather than an injection.\nCaterpillar urtications can cause severe allergic responses and even death in\nsome people, so--as we said--better NOT to handle hairy caterpillars unless\nyou know they are harmless varieties.\n\nWith this precaution in mine, we carefully scooped our new-found black\ncaterpillar onto a piece of wood, where it immediately curled up into a ball\nand revealed what we suspected would be a useful field mark: bright red bands\nbetween its body segments (left). After we made our way back to the library at\nHilton Pond Center, we took down one of the few caterpillar field guides in\nprint (Peterson First Guide to Caterpillars by Amy Bartlett Wright; Houghton\nMifflin Company, 1993) and searched for an illustration that matched.\n\nThis particular field guide groups caterpillars according to their skin\ncharacteristics, e.g., smooth, smooth with knobs or bumps, hairy, bristled,\nwith branched spines, etc., so we turned to the \"bristled\" section. The first\nentry was the Woolly Bear, and on the very next page we found a painting of a\nblack, bristly caterpillar with red bands between its segments. There wasn't\nmuch question about the identification: Giant Leopard Moth, Hypercompe\nscribonia (formerly Ecpantheria scribonia), a non-poisonous species that we\nnow felt comfortable handling so we could see the red bands and bristles even\nbetter (right).\n\nThe large-ish Giant Leopard Moth has a 3\" wingspan and is distinctively\nmarked, with black circles on its otherwise pure white wings (below left); the\nabdomen, hidden by its wings when the moth is at rest, is metallic blue with\nbright orange markings. Found across the eastern U.S., Giant Leopard Moths are\nespecially common in the south central and southeastern states. From early\nsummer through fall, adult moths--or at least the males--often come at night\nto electric lamps; some lepidopterists report that females of this species may\nnot be attracted to lights.\n\nLike many moths, the female Giant Leopard Moth produces pheromones from a\ngland at the tip of her abdomen. These potent chemicals carry on the wind and\nare detected by antennae on the male, who follows the scent to his prospective\nmate. After copulation, the female lays her eggs on a wide variety of host\nplants--including violets, plantains, dandelion, cherries, maples, and willows\nwhose leaves are eaten by her larvae--and probably dies soon thereafter, while\nthe male my seek another mate. Fertile eggs develop and hatch within days,\nafter which the larvae dine on leaves of their respective host plants and go\nthrough several growth stages in which they must molt their restrictive outer\nskins. To our knowledge, adult Giant Leopard Moths do not eat and spend their\nshort lives reproducing.\n\nThe Giant Leopard Moth caterpillar spends the winter in a state of\nhibernation, although in more temperate parts of its range it may wake\ntemporarily on mild days for a mid-winter snack. When spring arrives, Giant\nLeopard Moth caterpillars become active again and feed heavily until optimal\nsize is reached, at which time each larva shucks off its spiny exoskeleton one\nmore time and makes a pupa (below right). The adult metamorphoses therein and\nemerges after only a few weeks; thus, the cycle begins again for the Giant\nLeopard Moth--whose larvae we encourage at Hilton Pond Center because they are\nknown to dine on Japanese Honeysuckle. The caterpillar we found and\nphotographed will need to change its diet, however, because we do all we can\nto eliminate invasive honeysuckle vines. Fortunately, soon after we let it go\nthe black, fuzzy caterpillar crawled into a patch of wildflowers and chowed\ndown hungrily on the underside of a heart-shaped Blue Violet leaf (below).\n\nAll text & photos © Hilton Pond Center\n\nThanks to Rusty Trump of Suwanee, Georgia for his photos of the adult Giant\nLeopard Moth and the pupa from which it came.\n\nComments or questions about this week's installment? Please send an E-mail\nmessage to INFO.\n\nBe sure to scroll down for an account of all birds banded or recaptured during\nthe period, plus other nature notes of interest.\n\nIf you enjoy \"This Week at Hilton Pond,\" please help Support Hilton Pond\nCenter for Piedmont Natural History. It's painless, and YOU can make a\ndifference!\n\n\"This Week at Hilton Pond\" is written & photographed by Bill Hilton Jr.,\nexecutive director of Hilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History.\n\nYou may wish to consult our Index of all nature topics covered since February\n2000. You can also use our on-line Hilton Pond Search Engine at the bottom of\nthis page.\n\nFor a free, non-fattening, on-line subscription to \"This Week at Hilton Pond,\"\njust send us an E-mail with SUBSCRIBE in the Subject line. Please be sure to\nconfigure your spam filter to accept E-mails from hiltonpond.org. \n \n--- \n \nIf you enjoy \"This Week at Hilton Pond,\" please help Support Hilton Pond\nCenter for Piedmont Natural History. It's painless, and YOU can make a\ndifference!\n\nJust CLICK on a logo below.\n\nMake direct donations on-line via Network for Good: \n \n--- \n \nUse your PayPal account to make direct donations: \n \nIf you like to shop on-line please become a member of iGive, through which\nmore than 750 on-line stores from Amazon to Barnes & Noble, L.L. Bean to\nLands' End--and even iTunes!--will donate a percentage of your purchase price\nin support of Hilton Pond Center and Operation RubyThroat. For every new\nmember who signs up and makes an on-line purchase iGive will donate an\nADDITIONAL $5 to the Center. You can even do Web searches through iGive and\nearn a penny per search for the cause! Please enroll by going to the iGive Web\nsite; more than 200 members have signed up to help. It's a painless, important\nway for YOU to support our on-going work in conservation, education, and\nresearch. By the way, if you add the iGive Toolbar to your browser and\nregister Operation RubyThroat as your preferred charity, it'll be even easier\nto help Hilton Pond when you shop. \n \nBIRDS BANDED THIS WEEK at HILTON POND CENTER 8-14 June 2002\n\nSPECIES BANDED THIS WEEK Ruby-throated Hummingbird--1 Carolina Chickadee--2\nHouse Finch--14 Tufted Titmouse--5 Downy Woodpecker--1 Carolina Wren--1 Brown\nThrasher--2\n\nNOTABLE RECAPTURES (with original banding dates)\n\nHouse Finch (1) 07/25/01--2nd year male\n\nAll photos & text © Hilton Pond Center\n\nThis Week at Hilton Pond is part of the\n\n|\n\nWEEKLY BANDING TOTAL 7 species 26 individuals\n\nYEARLY BANDING TOTAL (2002) 55 species 1,296 individuals\n\nBANDING GRAND TOTAL (since 28 June 1982) 123 species 41,015 individuals\n\nSIGHTINGS OF INTEREST --An Eastern Phoebe was sitting on five chicks this week\nin a nest on the front porch of Hilton Pond Center's old farmhouse \n \n---|--- \n \nBack to Preceding Week; on to Next Week\n\nUp to Top of Page\n\nBack to This Week at Hilton Pond Center\n\nCurrent Weather Conditions at Hilton Pond Center \n \n--- \n \nPLEASE SIGN OUR GUESTBOOK You can also post questions for The Piedmont\nNaturalist\n\n|\n\nJoin the\n\nNature Study Network\n\n|\n\nSearch Engine for Hilton Pond Center \n \n---|---|--- \n \nHilton Pond Center for Piedmont Natural History is a non-profit research &\neducation organization in York, South Carolina USA; phone (803) 684-5852.\nDirected by Bill Hilton Jr., aka The Piedmont Naturalist, it is the parent\norganization for Operation RubyThroat. Contents of this Web site--including\narticles and photos--may NOT be duplicated, modified, or used in any way\nexcept with the express written permission of Hilton Pond Center. All rights\nreserved worldwide. To obtain permission for use or for further assistance on\naccessing this Web site, contact the Webmaster. \n \n--- \n \nscientific matchmaking\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.animalspot.net:80/giant-leopard-moth.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190714185118/http://www.animalspot.net:80/giant-leopard-moth.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Giant Leopard Moth",
"passages": [
"Giant Leopard Moths are named such due to its leopard like spotted appearance. It was earlier called Ecpantheria scribonia that has now been changed. This moth is known by varied names like Eyed Tiger Moth and Great Leopard Moth as well. They are widely distributed in different parts of USA with no issues of population as of now.",
"Wings have a stark white base on which black color rings are visible. It has orange marks on a blue abdomen. Males have borders around the sides of its body and black legs comprise white markings on them.",
"They have a wooly exterior, which is a thick layer of setae or black spines with orange bars amidst the divisions. They may grow to a length of around 2 inches.",
"In the stage of a caterpillar, they feed on a number of plants with broad leaves like violets, citrus, honeysuckles, magnolia, broadleaf plantains, lilac and dandelions.",
"They are a common moth in the United States, distributed in the eastern and southern parts, starting from New England stretching up to Mexico.",
"They frequent various forests having host plants on which the caterpillars forage extensively. Gardens, farmlands, woodlands and public areas can be frequented by them.",
"It has very less predators as is least appealing and frightening to enemies due to spiny texture and also its wings coloration.",
"They have black and white markings, somewhat like the leopard, on their wings which is effectively shields them from some predators.",
"Females emit pheromones that are caught by the antenna of the males that successfully locates the female for mating. When mating is over, the female gets on with the process of laying eggs.",
"A series of host plants are chosen to lay eggs, which comprise cherries, plantains, maples and other broad-leaved plants. This might be the last phase of her life as it soon comes to an end.",
"After the eggs are laid, the larvae come out of them which start feeding on the leaves where they emerge out of the eggs. They metamorphose into a fully grown moth after successive a stage which is replete with molts wherein they shed their skin off.",
"As caterpillars, they assume the wooly bear appearance and go into hibernation for some time during the winters. But it might as well wake up for light foraging on milder days in the temperate regions. After sleeping over winter, it weaves cocoon from its body. It becomes the pupa after molting in the wake of spring. In the next few weeks, it transforms into an adult moth.",
"Prepare a big pot with grass, twigs and leaves and cover it with a plastic sheet after making holes on its surface. This will allow the eggs to evolve into a chrysalis from a caterpillar.",
"Put fresh leaves that the caterpillar feeds on. Try to know about the host plants so that feeding is easy.",
"It might look dangerous when it is a caterpillar but it is not poisonous and hence can be an easy pet for children.",
"They get attracted to electric lights during the night, but some experts conclude that more than the females, the males can be seen doing so with the beginning of summer.",
"The caterpillars can roll itself like a ball to mislead its predators, in which it exposes its spines and the orange segments lying between.",
"The female flies in the night for depositing its eggs after it mates with its partner. Males fly in a zig zag fashion to trace the female emitting the pheromones for mating.",
"It says it will evolve into a chrysalis FROM a caterpillar, which means the caterpillar stage comes before the chrysalis stage, but yes you are correct.",
"I have kept one over winter. Now that I have gotten to be nicer weather I have gotten the caterpillar from my basement to upstairs. To stimulate the weather change. And I have noticed a white starchy patches of white on the caterpillar. And I don’t think it is responding... I’m slightly confused to what this could be. Please help. -Katelyn",
"I’m sure at this point you know why it was not responsive. Hope you didn’t get rid of it. They shed about 5 times before their final transformation. They spin a web of silk in the area they shed. They tend to not eat and are not active for a few days, even might seem dead before that process. Then they shed that skin and will be really hungry. I experienced this with mine, while my best friend was pet sitting it while I was on vacation. This was a unforgettable experience to say the least. We thought it was dead. Fortunetly, he kept her in her cage until I got back, just to find her Alive.",
"One of these giant leopard moths got into our basement last night. I live in Asheville, N.C. But had never seen one. It flew like a bee hummingbird, and I thought it was until it landed, then knew it was a moth. Caught it and took it back outside."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Giant Leopard Moth - Facts and Pictures\n\n * Amphibians\n\n * Salamander\n * Newt\n * Mammals\n\n * Rabbit\n * Fishes\n * Reptiles\n * Birds\n\n * Penguins\n * Insects\n * A-Z Animals\n\n * Rainforest Animals\n * Desert Animals\n * African Animals\n * Tundra Animals\n * Grassland Animals\n * Galápagos Islands Animals\n * Australian Animals\n * New Zealand Animals\n * Madagascar Animals\n * Farm Animals\n * Amazon Rainforest Animals\n * search\n\n# Giant Leopard Moth\n\nGiant Leopard Moths are named such due to its leopard like spotted appearance.\nIt was earlier called Ecpantheria scribonia that has now been changed. This\nmoth is known by varied names like Eyed Tiger Moth and Great Leopard Moth as\nwell. They are widely distributed in different parts of USA with no issues of\npopulation as of now.\n\n## Table of Contents\n\n * Description\n\n * Wingspan\n * Color\n * Caterpillar\n * Behavior\n * Diet\n * Distribution\n * Habitat\n * Predator\n * Adaptation\n * Mating Season\n * Breeding\n * Life Cycle\n * Sub-species\n * Giant Leopard Moth As Pets\n * Conservation Status\n * Interesting Facts\n * Flight\n * Pictures\n\n### Giant Leopard Moth Scientific Classification\n\nAnimalia \n--- \nArthropoda \nInsecta \nLepidoptera \nArctiidae \nHypercompe \nHypercompe scribonia \n \n### Table Of Content\n\n## Table of Contents\n\n * Description\n\n * Wingspan\n * Color\n * Caterpillar\n * Behavior\n * Diet\n * Distribution\n * Habitat\n * Predator\n * Adaptation\n * Mating Season\n * Breeding\n * Life Cycle\n * Sub-species\n * Giant Leopard Moth As Pets\n * Conservation Status\n * Interesting Facts\n * Flight\n * Pictures\n\n### Scientific Classification\n\n### Giant Leopard Moth\n\nAnimalia \n--- \nArthropoda \nInsecta \nLepidoptera \nArctiidae \nHypercompe \nHypercompe scribonia \n \n## Description\n\n### Wingspan\n\nWings measure about 3 inches in these moths.\n\nGiant Leopard Moth Caterpillar\n\n### Color\n\nWings have a stark white base on which black color rings are visible. It has\norange marks on a blue abdomen. Males have borders around the sides of its\nbody and black legs comprise white markings on them.\n\n### Caterpillar\n\nThey have a wooly exterior, which is a thick layer of setae or black spines\nwith orange bars amidst the divisions. They may grow to a length of around 2\ninches.\n\n## Behavior\n\nThe caterpillars leave their food plants to settle themselves in a sheltered\nlocation where they hibernate till winter ends.\n\nBeing nocturnal, adults venture out in the nights and are therefore not seen\nduring the day.\n\nMating and deposition of eggs to are carried out in the nights.\n\n## Diet\n\nIn the stage of a caterpillar, they feed on a number of plants with broad\nleaves like violets, citrus, honeysuckles, magnolia, broadleaf plantains,\nlilac and dandelions.\n\n## Distribution\n\nThey are a common moth in the United States, distributed in the eastern and\nsouthern parts, starting from New England stretching up to Mexico.\n\n## Habitat\n\nThey frequent various forests having host plants on which the caterpillars\nforage extensively. Gardens, farmlands, woodlands and public areas can be\nfrequented by them.\n\nGiant Leopard Moth\n\n## Predator\n\nIt has very less predators as is least appealing and frightening to enemies\ndue to spiny texture and also its wings coloration.\n\n## Adaptation\n\nThey have black and white markings, somewhat like the leopard, on their wings\nwhich is effectively shields them from some predators.\n\nAnother defense mechanism adopted by the caterpillars is by rolling themselves\nlike a ball.\n\n## Mating Season\n\nFemales emit pheromones that are caught by the antenna of the males that\nsuccessfully locates the female for mating. When mating is over, the female\ngets on with the process of laying eggs.\n\n## Breeding\n\nA series of host plants are chosen to lay eggs, which comprise cherries,\nplantains, maples and other broad-leaved plants. This might be the last phase\nof her life as it soon comes to an end.\n\n## Life Cycle\n\nAfter the eggs are laid, the larvae come out of them which start feeding on\nthe leaves where they emerge out of the eggs. They metamorphose into a fully\ngrown moth after successive a stage which is replete with molts wherein they\nshed their skin off.\n\nAs caterpillars, they assume the wooly bear appearance and go into hibernation\nfor some time during the winters. But it might as well wake up for light\nforaging on milder days in the temperate regions. After sleeping over winter,\nit weaves cocoon from its body. It becomes the pupa after molting in the wake\nof spring. In the next few weeks, it transforms into an adult moth.\n\n## Sub-species\n\nH. s. scribonia and H. s. denudate are the two subspecies of this moth.\n\nGiant Leopard Moth Photo\n\n## Giant Leopard Moth As Pets\n\nYou can easily keep them as pets. Some of these conditions are to be ensured\nfor petting them:\n\nHousing\n\nPrepare a big pot with grass, twigs and leaves and cover it with a plastic\nsheet after making holes on its surface. This will allow the eggs to evolve\ninto a chrysalis from a caterpillar.\n\nFeeding\n\nPut fresh leaves that the caterpillar feeds on. Try to know about the host\nplants so that feeding is easy.\n\nCare\n\nIn order to make it experience natural conditions, you can place the jar in\nthe garden or balcony.\n\n## Conservation Status\n\nSince they are available in large numbers with no prevailing threats, this\nmoth has not been evaluated as yet.\n\n## Interesting Facts\n\n * It might look dangerous when it is a caterpillar but it is not poisonous and hence can be an easy pet for children.\n * They get attracted to electric lights during the night, but some experts conclude that more than the females, the males can be seen doing so with the beginning of summer.\n * Since they navigate effectively in moonlight, electric lights can baffle them, causing them to hover around them.\n * The caterpillars can roll itself like a ball to mislead its predators, in which it exposes its spines and the orange segments lying between.\n * These moths are often regarded helpful in controlling invasive plant species.\n * On being alarmed, glands located in the thorax region can produce a stinking liquid to ward off predators.\n\n## Flight\n\nThe female flies in the night for depositing its eggs after it mates with its\npartner. Males fly in a zig zag fashion to trace the female emitting the\npheromones for mating.\n\n## Pictures\n\nSome of their images are listed here.\n\nGiant Leopard Moth Picture\n\nGiant Leopard Moth Image\n\n * References\n\n * http://www.hiltonpond.org/thisweek020608.html\n\nhttp://www.helium.com/items/1792266-giant-leopard-moth\n\nhttp://www.silkmoths.bizland.com/sescribo.htm\n\nhttp://butterflies.heuristron.net/moths/leopard.html\n\n * ### Related Articles\n\n * ### Comments\n\nColorado Potato Beetle\n\nAsian Long-Horned Beetle\n\nAsian Lady Beetle\n\nMountain Pine Beetle\n\n### 9 responses to “Giant Leopard Moth”\n\n 1. Cat says:\n\nJuly 29, 2014 at 5:02 pm\n\n“This will allow the eggs to evolve into a chrysalis from a caterpillar.”\n\nDoesn’t it go from egg to caterpillar to chrysalis?\n\nReply\n\n * Obama says:\n\nJune 28, 2016 at 8:43 pm\n\nIt says it will evolve into a chrysalis FROM a caterpillar, which means the\ncaterpillar stage comes before the chrysalis stage, but yes you are correct.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Katelyn says:\n\nApril 22, 2015 at 2:45 am\n\nI have kept one over winter. Now that I have gotten to be nicer weather I have\ngotten the caterpillar from my basement to upstairs. To stimulate the weather\nchange. And I have noticed a white starchy patches of white on the\ncaterpillar. And I don’t think it is responding... I’m slightly confused to\nwhat this could be. Please help. -Katelyn\n\nReply\n\n * Ken says:\n\nJanuary 3, 2016 at 7:26 am\n\nI’m sure at this point you know why it was not responsive. Hope you didn’t get\nrid of it. They shed about 5 times before their final transformation. They\nspin a web of silk in the area they shed. They tend to not eat and are not\nactive for a few days, even might seem dead before that process. Then they\nshed that skin and will be really hungry. I experienced this with mine, while\nmy best friend was pet sitting it while I was on vacation. This was a\nunforgettable experience to say the least. We thought it was dead. Fortunetly,\nhe kept her in her cage until I got back, just to find her Alive.\n\nReply\n\n * Angela says:\n\nFebruary 27, 2016 at 2:37 pm\n\nMaybe it’s mold? Idk not a bug expert\n\nReply\n\n 3. Margaret says:\n\nJune 13, 2015 at 12:36 pm\n\nOne of these giant leopard moths got into our basement last night. I live in\nAsheville, N.C. But had never seen one. It flew like a bee hummingbird, and I\nthought it was until it landed, then knew it was a moth. Caught it and took it\nback outside.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Angela says:\n\nFebruary 27, 2016 at 2:37 pm\n\nI found one of them in New York 🙂 they are quite eye catching\n\nReply\n\n 5. brielle says:\n\nMarch 26, 2016 at 5:11 pm\n\nI saw one outside! its looks so weird!\n\nReply\n\n 6. nikki says:\n\nMarch 26, 2016 at 5:11 pm\n\nI saw one outside! it looks so weird!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Subscribe our newsletter\n\n * ### Recent\n\n * ### Recent Wallpapers\n\nArgentine Black and White Tegu\n\nRed Tegu\n\nGreat Egret\n\nLarge Flying Fox\n\nSnake Wallpapers\n\nFox Wallpapers\n\nPeacock Wallpapers\n\nDolphin Wallpapers\n\n* ### Categories\n\n * Amphibians\n * Birds\n * Fishes\n * Insects\n * Invertebrates\n * Mammals\n * Reptiles\n\n* ### Advert\n\n### Follow us on:\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n * Animal Habitats\n * Animal Memes\n\n© 2019 (Animal Spot). All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part\nwithout permission is prohibited.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.butterflyschool.org:80/teacher/raising.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190802192743/http://www.butterflyschool.org:80/teacher/raising.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Butterfly School: Raising Butterflies and Moths",
"passages": [
"There are few activities as rewarding as raising butterflies. The transformation of a tiny caterpillar through 5 instars, followed by the pupa and finally the beautiful adult butterfly (or moth) may even seem miraculous.",
"Depending on the season, where you live, and how much time you have, finding your own caterpillars may be a rewarding task. The best way to find caterpillars is to look for plants that are known host plants for local butterflies and moths. Consult field guides to find this information. Some good host plants to find caterpillars include:",
"If you are short on time or if the season is wrong for caterpillar hunting, there are several companies that supply caterpillars. Painted Lady caterpillars are particularly easy to keep because you can buy a growth medium for them, which will eliminate the need to find fresh host plant leaves for them every day. However, there are drawbacks to raising caterpillars this way. In particular, students do not get the full benefit of learning how important it is for caterpillars to have the correct host plant to eat. Nevertheless, raising Painted Ladies on growth medium is still a rewarding experience for the students, and is less dependent on the season outside and which leaves you can find.",
"Butterfly larva of the well-loved Monarch butterfly can be purchased from an organization known as Monarch Watch (www.MonarchWatch.org). These caterpillars are a favorite for a lot of classrooms because of their bright colors, and because so many people love the Monarch butterfly. The only drawback to raising Monarch caterpillars is the need to find their host plant, milkweed. Milkweed is a very common garden plant as well as a common weed. Many nurseries sell several beautiful varieties of milkweed.",
"If you are lucky enough to find an adult female Saturnid moth such as a Luna, Cecropia, or Polyphemus Moth, you can often coax her to lay eggs. Most wild- caught females have already mated (unless they have JUST emerged). Because females moths are sometimes less picky than some butterflies when it comes to where they lay their eggs, you can simply place the female in a large paper bag and fold it over to close it tightly. Leave her in there for a few days.",
"When you open the bag again, you are likely to find eggs laid on the surface of the bag. Remove the eggs from the bag carefully (or tear off the section of bag onto which the eggs were laid) and place them in a small container. Lightly mist the container periodically to elevate the humidity slightly. Keep a close watch on your eggs! Before the eggs hatch, you must determine what host plants they will eat and locate a convenient source of that host plant. The caterpillars will hatch in as few as three days. The caterpillars will need fresh host plant as soon as they hatch. Placing a few leaves into the container (and changing them everyday) will be sufficient for your caterpillars until they start growing and eating more.",
"Either an aquarium or one-gallon jar is a suitable cage for your caterpillars. The top of your cage should be fastened securely to the cage and can either be screen or cheesecloth held on by a rubber band. You should provide your caterpillars with some sticks that fit securely into the cage for them to pupate on. Do not use a jar lid with holes punched in it. Not only will this provide inadequate ventilation, but the caterpillars can also be cut open by the sharp edges of the holes.",
"The most difficult task in raising butterflies and moths is to provide your caterpillars with fresh clippings from the host plant appropriate for the species of caterpillar you are raising. Caterpillars are very picky eaters. Each species will only eat very specific plants. Therefore, in order to take care of a caterpillar, it is important to know what kind of caterpillar it is, and what that kind of food it eats. A good rule of thumb is that a caterpillar is most likely to eat the kind of plant you found it on. However, if you find a caterpillar that is not clearly on a host plant, consult a field guide for caterpillars such as Peterson First Guide to Caterpillars, or Caterpillars of Eastern Forests. If the field guides tell you a particular kind of caterpillar may eat more than one type of leaf, provide a selection of those different kinds of leaves for your caterpillar so you can find out what it likes best. If you are in doubt about what kind of caterpillar you have found, it is best to let it go. Caterpillars will starve to death before they will eat the wrong food.",
"Once you have found the correct food, remember your caterpillars must always have fresh food! Caterpillars will not eat old or dry leaves. The easiest way to feed your caterpillars is to provide them with a live, potted plant in their cage. However, because many host plants are large bushes or trees, this is not always possible. Therefore, it is best to provide new clippings of host plant everyday, and to preserve the food by keeping it in water. However, caterpillars can (and will) fall into vases and jars of water and die. Therefore, keep the food fresh by placing it in floral tubes. (You can purchase floral tubes from most florists for about ten cents a piece.) If you cut too much food at once, give some of it to your caterpillar and put the rest in a glass of water in refrigerator until you are ready to use it. This will keep the food fresh longer. Some host plants stay fresh for a remarkably long time. Other host plants whither quickly.",
"Always be sure to carefully inspect your fresh plant cuttings for spiders or insects. It is very disappointing to find that you have inadvertently fed your caterpillars to a very fat and happy spider!",
"Caterpillars receive all the water they need from the plants they eat. It is not necessary to provide them with any additional water source. The cage can be misted periodically if it appears dry, because most caterpillars prefer a somewhat humid environment. Be careful not to mist your caterpillars too much, however, because too much moisture can promote the growth of mold.",
"Caterpillars have one job in life: eating. Because of this, they produce copious amounts of waste (known as frass). This frass must be cleaned out of the cage every day in order to prevent mold growth and create a healthy environment for your caterpillars. If you are raising butterflies or moths that you know will pupate above ground, you can simply line the bottom of your cage with paper towels. This will facilitate the necessary daily cleanings. However, if you do not know what kind of caterpillar you have, or if you know that your caterpillar is a species of moth that pupates underground, the bottom of your cage should be lined with about two inches of soil.",
"Caterpillars are very susceptible to a variety of bacterial infections, including bacteria we all carry on our hands without knowing it. Be sure to always wash your hands thoroughly before handling the caterpillars. Caterpillars are relatively fragile creatures. Handle them very gently. They can be killed if they are dropped even a very small distance. When caterpillars walk, they may cling very tightly to the surface they are walking on. Never pull them off of any surface (including your hands), because they will often hold so tightly that you can rip their prolegs off before they will let go. If you are changing their host plant, it is best to put the fresh host plant into the cage, then wait a few hours for the caterpillars to crawl onto the new host plant on their own. Then you can remove the old food. Be sure you know how many caterpillars you have and count them all before you throw out old host plant so you do not accidentally throw away your caterpillars!",
"If your caterpillars seem lethargic or have changed color, do not handle them. They are probably preparing to molt or form their pupa. All insects are very vulnerable as they begin to molt. They may also be sick. If your caterpillars die, remove them from the cage immediately to help prevent infection of the other caterpillars in the cage.",
"Your pupae do not need food or water. An occasional misting of the container will help keep the environment humid, which is necessary for healthy pupae.",
"Most butterflies and moths will stay in their pupae throughout the winter. Therefore, if your caterpillars pupate in the fall (or at any time during the winter in the case of purchased caterpillars), there is a good chance that they will remain in their pupae until Spring. Remember that your diapausing pupae are still alive. Keep the cage humid with occasional misting. Be sure your pupae are hanging in a proper location for your moth or butterfly to emerge. A newly emerged butterfly must be able to hang high enough that the tips of its wings will not touch the ground when they are fully expanded. If a new butterfly does not have enough vertical and horizontal space for its wings to expand and dry, its wings will not form correctly and the butterfly will not be able to fly. If the butterfly falls to the ground when it emerges, it will not be able to expand its wings, and it will die. (If your pupae are from a moth species that pupates underground, they does not need to hang. Just be sure there are plenty of sticks so that a newly emerged moth can climb up on to hang.)",
"If your caterpillars did not pupate in a location with enough space to emerge, you must move the pupae to a better location. If the pupa is on a stick, carefully move the stick to a higher location with more space. If the chrysalis has fallen off of a stick, you can hang it by placing a dot of hot glue on a piece of paper and then place the tip of the chrysalis in the slightly cooled (but still liquid) hot glue. Hold the pupa on the paper a few seconds to allow the glue to harden. Now the pupa can be hung by pinning through the paper onto a piece of cardboard or cork.",
"Most butterfly pupae (chrysalides) will either turn dark or become clear when the butterfly is ready to emerge. When this happens, be especially sure that your cage is humid. Keep a careful watch! It only takes a few seconds for a butterfly to come out of its pupa!",
"Dead pupae often turn very dark. If you gently bend the abdominal region of the pupa and it stays bent, the pupa is probably dead.",
"Be sure to provide sticks that hit the bottom of the cage so a fallen butterfly or moth can climb up the sticks to find a place to hang. If you would like to keep your butterfly for a few days to observe it, you can build a butterfly house. Be sure to release it within a few days!",
"If you have a large Saturnid moth such as a Luna Moth, Cecropia Moth, or Polyphemus Moth, these moths do not have a digestive system as adults! You do not need to worry about feeding them. Their adult life span is no more than four to five days."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Butterfly School: Raising Butterflies and Moths\n\nRaising butterflies and moths\n\n|\n\n * Why raise butterflies?\n * Where to find caterpillars\n * Host plants\n * Where to keep your caterpillars\n * What to feed your caterpillars\n * How to water your caterpillars\n * How to keep your caterpillar cage clean\n * Handling your caterpillars\n * Taking care of pupae (chrysalides or cocoons)\n * When your butterflies emerge\n\n \n--- \n \n### Why Raise Butterflies?\n\nThere are few activities as rewarding as raising butterflies. The\ntransformation of a tiny caterpillar through 5 instars, followed by the pupa\nand finally the beautiful adult butterfly (or moth) may even seem miraculous.\n\nTop\n\n### Where to find caterpillars\n\nDepending on the season, where you live, and how much time you have, finding\nyour own caterpillars may be a rewarding task. The best way to find\ncaterpillars is to look for plants that are known host plants for local\nbutterflies and moths. Consult field guides to find this information. Some\ngood host plants to find caterpillars include:\n\nHost Plant| Butterfly Species \n---|--- \n \nMilkweed\n\nSpicebush\n\nPaw-Paw\n\nParsley, Dill, Fennel\n\nWalnut, Sweet Gum\n\nCherry\n\n|\n\nMonarch Butterfly\n\nSpicebush Swallowtail\n\nZebra Swallowtail\n\nBlack Swallowtail\n\nLuna Moth\n\nCecropia Moth, Viceroy, Red-Spotted Purple \n \nIf you are short on time or if the season is wrong for caterpillar hunting,\nthere are several companies that supply caterpillars. Painted Lady\ncaterpillars are particularly easy to keep because you can buy a growth medium\nfor them, which will eliminate the need to find fresh host plant leaves for\nthem every day. However, there are drawbacks to raising caterpillars this way.\nIn particular, students do not get the full benefit of learning how important\nit is for caterpillars to have the correct host plant to eat. Nevertheless,\nraising Painted Ladies on growth medium is still a rewarding experience for\nthe students, and is less dependent on the season outside and which leaves you\ncan find.\n\nButterfly larva of the well-loved Monarch butterfly can be purchased from an\norganization known as Monarch Watch (www.MonarchWatch.org). These caterpillars\nare a favorite for a lot of classrooms because of their bright colors, and\nbecause so many people love the Monarch butterfly. The only drawback to\nraising Monarch caterpillars is the need to find their host plant, milkweed.\nMilkweed is a very common garden plant as well as a common weed. Many\nnurseries sell several beautiful varieties of milkweed.\n\nIf you are lucky enough to find an adult female Saturnid moth such as a Luna,\nCecropia, or Polyphemus Moth, you can often coax her to lay eggs. Most wild-\ncaught females have already mated (unless they have JUST emerged). Because\nfemales moths are sometimes less picky than some butterflies when it comes to\nwhere they lay their eggs, you can simply place the female in a large paper\nbag and fold it over to close it tightly. Leave her in there for a few days.\n\nWhen you open the bag again, you are likely to find eggs laid on the surface\nof the bag. Remove the eggs from the bag carefully (or tear off the section of\nbag onto which the eggs were laid) and place them in a small container.\nLightly mist the container periodically to elevate the humidity slightly. Keep\na close watch on your eggs! Before the eggs hatch, you must determine what\nhost plants they will eat and locate a convenient source of that host plant.\nThe caterpillars will hatch in as few as three days. The caterpillars will\nneed fresh host plant as soon as they hatch. Placing a few leaves into the\ncontainer (and changing them everyday) will be sufficient for your\ncaterpillars until they start growing and eating more.\n\nTop\n\n### Where to keep your caterpillars:\n\nEither an aquarium or one-gallon jar is a suitable cage for your caterpillars.\nThe top of your cage should be fastened securely to the cage and can either be\nscreen or cheesecloth held on by a rubber band. You should provide your\ncaterpillars with some sticks that fit securely into the cage for them to\npupate on. Do not use a jar lid with holes punched in it. Not only will this\nprovide inadequate ventilation, but the caterpillars can also be cut open by\nthe sharp edges of the holes.\n\nTop\n\n### What to feed your caterpillars:\n\nThe most difficult task in raising butterflies and moths is to provide your\ncaterpillars with fresh clippings from the host plant appropriate for the\nspecies of caterpillar you are raising. Caterpillars are very picky eaters.\nEach species will only eat very specific plants. Therefore, in order to take\ncare of a caterpillar, it is important to know what kind of caterpillar it is,\nand what that kind of food it eats. A good rule of thumb is that a caterpillar\nis most likely to eat the kind of plant you found it on. However, if you find\na caterpillar that is not clearly on a host plant, consult a field guide for\ncaterpillars such as Peterson First Guide to Caterpillars, or Caterpillars of\nEastern Forests. If the field guides tell you a particular kind of caterpillar\nmay eat more than one type of leaf, provide a selection of those different\nkinds of leaves for your caterpillar so you can find out what it likes best.\nIf you are in doubt about what kind of caterpillar you have found, it is best\nto let it go. Caterpillars will starve to death before they will eat the wrong\nfood.\n\nOnce you have found the correct food, remember your caterpillars must always\nhave fresh food! Caterpillars will not eat old or dry leaves. The easiest way\nto feed your caterpillars is to provide them with a live, potted plant in\ntheir cage. However, because many host plants are large bushes or trees, this\nis not always possible. Therefore, it is best to provide new clippings of host\nplant everyday, and to preserve the food by keeping it in water. However,\ncaterpillars can (and will) fall into vases and jars of water and die.\nTherefore, keep the food fresh by placing it in floral tubes. (You can\npurchase floral tubes from most florists for about ten cents a piece.) If you\ncut too much food at once, give some of it to your caterpillar and put the\nrest in a glass of water in refrigerator until you are ready to use it. This\nwill keep the food fresh longer. Some host plants stay fresh for a remarkably\nlong time. Other host plants whither quickly.\n\nAlways be sure to carefully inspect your fresh plant cuttings for spiders or\ninsects. It is very disappointing to find that you have inadvertently fed your\ncaterpillars to a very fat and happy spider!\n\nTop\n\n### How to water your caterpillars:\n\nCaterpillars receive all the water they need from the plants they eat. It is\nnot necessary to provide them with any additional water source. The cage can\nbe misted periodically if it appears dry, because most caterpillars prefer a\nsomewhat humid environment. Be careful not to mist your caterpillars too much,\nhowever, because too much moisture can promote the growth of mold.\n\nTop\n\n### How to keep your caterpillar cage clean:\n\nCaterpillars have one job in life: eating. Because of this, they produce\ncopious amounts of waste (known as frass). This frass must be cleaned out of\nthe cage every day in order to prevent mold growth and create a healthy\nenvironment for your caterpillars. If you are raising butterflies or moths\nthat you know will pupate above ground, you can simply line the bottom of your\ncage with paper towels. This will facilitate the necessary daily cleanings.\nHowever, if you do not know what kind of caterpillar you have, or if you know\nthat your caterpillar is a species of moth that pupates underground, the\nbottom of your cage should be lined with about two inches of soil.\n\nTop\n\n### Handling your caterpillars:\n\nCaterpillars are very susceptible to a variety of bacterial infections,\nincluding bacteria we all carry on our hands without knowing it. Be sure to\nalways wash your hands thoroughly before handling the caterpillars.\nCaterpillars are relatively fragile creatures. Handle them very gently. They\ncan be killed if they are dropped even a very small distance. When\ncaterpillars walk, they may cling very tightly to the surface they are walking\non. Never pull them off of any surface (including your hands), because they\nwill often hold so tightly that you can rip their prolegs off before they will\nlet go. If you are changing their host plant, it is best to put the fresh host\nplant into the cage, then wait a few hours for the caterpillars to crawl onto\nthe new host plant on their own. Then you can remove the old food. Be sure you\nknow how many caterpillars you have and count them all before you throw out\nold host plant so you do not accidentally throw away your caterpillars!\n\nDo not pick up caterpillars with branching spines! These spines can deliver a\nvery painful sting.\n\nIf your caterpillars seem lethargic or have changed color, do not handle them.\nThey are probably preparing to molt or form their pupa. All insects are very\nvulnerable as they begin to molt. They may also be sick. If your caterpillars\ndie, remove them from the cage immediately to help prevent infection of the\nother caterpillars in the cage.\n\nTop\n\n### Taking care of pupae (chrysalides or cocoons):\n\nYour pupae do not need food or water. An occasional misting of the container\nwill help keep the environment humid, which is necessary for healthy pupae.\n\nMost butterflies and moths will stay in their pupae throughout the winter.\nTherefore, if your caterpillars pupate in the fall (or at any time during the\nwinter in the case of purchased caterpillars), there is a good chance that\nthey will remain in their pupae until Spring. Remember that your diapausing\npupae are still alive. Keep the cage humid with occasional misting. Be sure\nyour pupae are hanging in a proper location for your moth or butterfly to\nemerge. A newly emerged butterfly must be able to hang high enough that the\ntips of its wings will not touch the ground when they are fully expanded. If a\nnew butterfly does not have enough vertical and horizontal space for its wings\nto expand and dry, its wings will not form correctly and the butterfly will\nnot be able to fly. If the butterfly falls to the ground when it emerges, it\nwill not be able to expand its wings, and it will die. (If your pupae are from\na moth species that pupates underground, they does not need to hang. Just be\nsure there are plenty of sticks so that a newly emerged moth can climb up on\nto hang.)\n\nIf your caterpillars did not pupate in a location with enough space to emerge,\nyou must move the pupae to a better location. If the pupa is on a stick,\ncarefully move the stick to a higher location with more space. If the\nchrysalis has fallen off of a stick, you can hang it by placing a dot of hot\nglue on a piece of paper and then place the tip of the chrysalis in the\nslightly cooled (but still liquid) hot glue. Hold the pupa on the paper a few\nseconds to allow the glue to harden. Now the pupa can be hung by pinning\nthrough the paper onto a piece of cardboard or cork.\n\nMost butterfly pupae (chrysalides) will either turn dark or become clear when\nthe butterfly is ready to emerge. When this happens, be especially sure that\nyour cage is humid. Keep a careful watch! It only takes a few seconds for a\nbutterfly to come out of its pupa!\n\nDead pupae often turn very dark. If you gently bend the abdominal region of\nthe pupa and it stays bent, the pupa is probably dead.\n\nTop\n\n### When your butterflies emerge:\n\nBe sure to provide sticks that hit the bottom of the cage so a fallen\nbutterfly or moth can climb up the sticks to find a place to hang. If you\nwould like to keep your butterfly for a few days to observe it, you can build\na butterfly house. Be sure to release it within a few days!\n\nIf you have a large Saturnid moth such as a Luna Moth, Cecropia Moth, or\nPolyphemus Moth, these moths do not have a digestive system as adults! You do\nnot need to worry about feeding them. Their adult life span is no more than\nfour to five days.\n\nTop \n \nWhat is an Invertebrate?\n\nWhat is an Arthropod?\n\nWhat is an Insect?\n\nWhat is a Butterfly?\n\nButterfly Behaviors\n\nMetamorphosis\n\nSpecies ID Guide\n\nRaising Butterflies & Moths\n\nMake a Butterfly House\n\nButterfly Arts & Crafts\n\nPhoto Gallery\n\nField Trips\n\nOn Your Own at the Butterfly House\n\nOutreach Programs\n\nClassroom Activities\n\nButterfly Arts & Crafts\n\nSuggested Reading\n\nSpecies ID Guide\n\nRegister for Information by Email\n\nActivities\n\nGroup Sales\n\nClasses & Events\n\nSchool Programs\n\nCopyright © 2016 Missouri Botanical Garden \n \n---\n\n"
}
] |
2,883,844 | How To Make Fried Noodles | To make fried noodles, begin by cutting rice noodles into 8-inch pieces and letting them soak in hot water to soften for 5 to 7 minutes before draining them and tossing them with oil. Then, prepare the ground meat and the sauce in 2 separate bowls. Once everything is ready, cook the meat in a wok for 3 to 5 minutes, then stir in the noodles and sauce. Remove it from the heat to serve immediately. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200513194812/https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1016942-spicy-pan-fried-noodles",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200922064801/https://omnivorescookbook.com/fried-noodles",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200518184104/https://www.recipetineats.com/chinese-stir-fried-noodles-build-your-own/"
] | train | 2,565 | [
{
"original_url": "https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1016942-spicy-pan-fried-noodles",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200513194812/https://cooking.nytimes.com/recipes/1016942-spicy-pan-fried-noodles",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Spicy Pan-Fried Noodles Recipe",
"passages": [
"Garlicky, gingery and as spicy as you dare to make it, this Asian-influenced pan-fried noodle dish comes together in minutes. Most of the ingredients are pantry staples, which means you can make it whenever you need a comforting noodle dish that comes with a bite. If you can’t find the Chinese egg noodles (also called Hong Kong-style noodles), you can make this with rice noodles or soba. The key is to only boil them until they are halfway done. (They should be pliable but still firm in the center.) They will finish cooking when you pan-fry them.",
"629 calories; 29 grams fat; 4 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 16 grams monounsaturated fat; 6 grams polyunsaturated fat; 71 grams carbohydrates; 5 grams dietary fiber; 4 grams sugars; 22 grams protein; 1514 milligrams sodium;",
"Note: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available ingredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a professional nutritionist’s advice.",
"In a small bowl, combine the scallions, soy sauce, ginger, rice wine or vinegar, sesame oil and salt. Let stand while you prepare the noodles.",
"In a large pot of boiling water, cook noodles until they are halfway done according to package instructions. (They should still be quite firm.) Drain well and toss with 1/2 tablespoon of the peanut oil to keep them from sticking, and spread them out on a plate or baking sheet.",
"In a large skillet over medium-high heat, warm the remaining 2 tablespoons of peanut oil. Add the garlic and cook until crisp and golden around the edges, 1 to 2 minutes. Add half the scallion mixture and stir-fry until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add noodles; stir-fry until noodles are hot and lightly coated with sauce, about 30 seconds. Add eggs, spinach or edamame if using, sriracha, and remaining scallion mixture and continue to stir-fry until the eggs are cooked, 1 to 2 minutes longer. Remove from heat and stir in lime juice. Garnish with cilantro and sesame seeds or peanuts.",
"NYT Cooking is a subscription service of The New York Times. It is a digital cookbook and cooking guide alike, available on all platforms, that helps home cooks of every level discover, save and organize the world’s best recipes, while also helping them become better, more competent cooks. Subscribe now for full access."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Spicy Pan-Fried Noodles Recipe - NYT Cooking\n\n# Spicy Pan-Fried Noodles\n\n### Melissa Clark\n\n * Yield 2 servings\n * Time 20 minutes\n\nEmailShare on PinterestShare on FacebookShare on Twitter\n\nAndrew Scrivani for The New York Times\n\nGarlicky, gingery and as spicy as you dare to make it, this Asian-influenced\npan-fried noodle dish comes together in minutes. Most of the ingredients are\npantry staples, which means you can make it whenever you need a comforting\nnoodle dish that comes with a bite. If you can’t find the Chinese egg noodles\n(also called Hong Kong-style noodles), you can make this with rice noodles or\nsoba. The key is to only boil them until they are halfway done. (They should\nbe pliable but still firm in the center.) They will finish cooking when you\npan-fry them.\n\nFeatured in: No Matter The Noodle, Flavors To Match.\n\nMore +\n\nChinese, Noodles, Chinese Egg Noodle, Edamame, Spinach, Dinner, For Two,\nLunch, Main Course\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 cup thinly sliced scallions (about a bunch; use both whites and greens)\n * 3 tablespoons soy sauce, more to taste\n * 1 tablespoon grated fresh ginger\n * 2 teaspoons rice wine or sherry vinegar\n * 1 teaspoon sesame oil\n * 1⁄4 teaspoon kosher salt, more as needed\n * 6 ounces Chinese (also called Hong Kong) egg noodles, soba noodles or rice noodles\n * 2 1⁄2 tablespoons peanut, grapeseed, safflower or vegetable oil, more as needed\n * 5 garlic cloves, thinly sliced\n * 2 large eggs, beaten with a fork\n * 2 cups washed baby spinach or 1/2 cup thawed edamame (optional)\n * 1 to 2 teaspoons sriracha or other hot sauce, or to taste\n * Juice of 1/2 lime, or to taste\n * 1 cup cilantro leaves\n * 2 tablespoons sesame seeds or chopped roasted peanuts, optional\n\n * Nutritional Information\n\n * ##### Nutritional analysis per serving (2 servings)\n\n629 calories; 29 grams fat; 4 grams saturated fat; 0 grams trans fat; 16 grams\nmonounsaturated fat; 6 grams polyunsaturated fat; 71 grams carbohydrates; 5\ngrams dietary fiber; 4 grams sugars; 22 grams protein; 1514 milligrams sodium;\n\nNote: The information shown is Edamam’s estimate based on available\ningredients and preparation. It should not be considered a substitute for a\nprofessional nutritionist’s advice.\n\nPowered by Edamam\n\n### Preparation\n\n 1. In a small bowl, combine the scallions, soy sauce, ginger, rice wine or vinegar, sesame oil and salt. Let stand while you prepare the noodles.\n 2. In a large pot of boiling water, cook noodles until they are halfway done according to package instructions. (They should still be quite firm.) Drain well and toss with 1/2 tablespoon of the peanut oil to keep them from sticking, and spread them out on a plate or baking sheet.\n 3. In a large skillet over medium-high heat, warm the remaining 2 tablespoons of peanut oil. Add the garlic and cook until crisp and golden around the edges, 1 to 2 minutes. Add half the scallion mixture and stir-fry until fragrant, about 1 minute. Add noodles; stir-fry until noodles are hot and lightly coated with sauce, about 30 seconds. Add eggs, spinach or edamame if using, sriracha, and remaining scallion mixture and continue to stir-fry until the eggs are cooked, 1 to 2 minutes longer. Remove from heat and stir in lime juice. Garnish with cilantro and sesame seeds or peanuts.\n\nLike this recipe?\n\nEmailShare on PinterestShare on FacebookShare on Twitter\n\n#### More from Healthy Weeknight Dinners\n\n### Quinoa and Rice Bowl With Kale, Kimchi and Egg\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\n1 hour 15 minutes\n\nEasy\n\n### Simplest Roast Chicken\n\nBy Mark Bittman\n\n50 to 60 minutes\n\n### Sheet-Pan Roasted Fish With Sweet Peppers\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\n40 minutes\n\n### Lentil Salad With Roasted Vegetables\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\n1 hour 30 minutes\n\n#### Trending on Cooking\n\nEditors’ Pick\n\n### The Best Scrambled Eggs\n\nBy Mark Bittman\n\n40 minutes\n\n### Granny’s Chocolate Cake\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\n1 1/2 hours, plus cooling\n\n### Blueberry, Almond and Lemon Cake\n\nBy Yotam Ottolenghi\n\n1 1/2 hours, plus cooling\n\nEasy\n\n### Slow Cooker Chicken Tortellini Tomato Soup\n\nBy Sarah Digregorio\n\n6 hours and 20 minutes\n\n#### Brush Up On The Basics With Our Cooking Guides\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make Sourdough Bread\n\nBy Claire Saffitz\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make an Omelet\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make Soufflé\n\nBy Melissa Clark\n\nCooking Guide\n\n### How to Make Baby Food\n\nBy Sara Bonisteel\n\nFollow Cooking\n\nCooking For iPad & iPhone\n\n### About Us\n\nNYT Cooking is a subscription service of The New York Times. It is a digital\ncookbook and cooking guide alike, available on all platforms, that helps home\ncooks of every level discover, save and organize the world’s best recipes,\nwhile also helping them become better, more competent cooks. Subscribe now for\nfull access.\n\n### Learn More\n\n * Our Cooks\n * See Our Features\n * FAQ\n * Tools for Saving\n * NYTimes.com/food\n * Send Us Feedback\n\n### Shop\n\n * Gift Subscription\n * #### Cookbooks\n\n * “The New Essentials of French Cooking”\n\n * © The New York Times Company\n\n * Terms of Service\n * Privacy Policy\n\nSorry, your changes didn’t save.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://omnivorescookbook.com/fried-noodles",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200922064801/https://omnivorescookbook.com/fried-noodles",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "15-Minute Fried Noodles",
"passages": [
"Fried noodles are a perfect way to create a hearty, quick, and healthy one- dish meal. This recipe introduces an optimized workflow and numerous tips for creating a great noodle dish with minimal effort. {Gluten-Free}",
"I have come across quite a lot of complaints on foodie forums, that creating a great Asian fried noodle dish requires too much effort. This is only half true.",
"I agree, Asian stir fried dishes generally involve longer ingredient lists, more chopping, and more attention than, say, a casserole dish. But what you can do is to optimize your workflow to create a delicious dish with minimal effort and ingredients to bring out the best flavor.",
"Although there are many types of noodle in Chinese cuisine, and although different recipes call for very specific noodles, I found that rice noodles are the perfect option for a quick weekday meal, because you can skip the process of boiling water and you’re unlikely to ruin the dish by picking the wrong type of noodle.",
"To prepare rice noodles properly, make sure you cut them into shorter sticks before soaking. If you’re using a wok and steel spatula, you can chop the noodles during the stir fry, but if you’re using a nonstick skillet with tongs (like I do in this recipe), you’ll need to do this step before cooking, so the noodles won’t get too tangled.",
"Soak noodles in hot water for 5 to 7 minutes, until al dente. Drain and rinse them with cold water, to stop the cooking process. You can add a few drops of oil and toss the noodles, so they won’t stick together.",
"Chinese cooking often requires ginger, garlic, and green onion. This means a lot of cutting and extra prep time. To shorten the ingredient list, you can skip the garlic and use plenty of green onion (using 6 to 8 green onions in a stir fried dish for two is the proper amount). You can skip ginger too, but I recommend you to use it whenever you can.",
"You can create a great fried noodle sauce by using the right amount of soy sauce, sugar, and salt. I used the combination of light and dark soy sauce to add a nice brown color to the noodles, but you can simplify this by only using one type of soy sauce.",
"If you want to make your noodles even more flavorful, you can skip the salt and use 1 tablespoon of oyster sauce or use hoisin sauce, instead.",
"The other way to add flavor to the sauce is to make homemade chicken stock using leftover bones (you might need to dilute it with water since homemade stock can be very thick). It makes the dish much richer than it would be if using store-bought stock.",
"Like I mentioned in the soy sauce fried rice recipe, using a bit of animal fat (chicken fat, duck fat, or bacon fat) will create a super rich flavor. It is not necessary in this recipe, but if you happen to have some animal fat in the fridge, don’t forget to use it!",
"Many fried noodle recipes require you to cook the meat and vegetables separately so that each ingredient will be properly cooked (such as this beef chow fun recipe). I tried to shorten the process in this recipe by using ground meat and mustard greens, which don’t need to be taken out of the skillet.",
"Ground meat is less prone to becoming overcooked than sliced meat. However, I do find it very helpful to do a brief marinade to make the meat tender and more flavorful. If you’re using ground turkey, pork, or beef, you can skip the potato starch, because these eats contain more fat and will stay tender during cooking.",
"Proportioning a well-balanced fried noodles dish is like choosing pizza toppings – less is more. If you crowd your pan with too much stuff, the noodles will easily become mushy and/or flavorless, because crowding the pan takes so much heat out of the metal that the ingredients don’t get seared properly.",
"The order should be: soak the noodles => marinate the meat => mix the sauce => prep and chop the herbs and veggies while soaking the noodles => stir fry",
"It might take a bit more time if you’re cooking this dish for the first time, but once you get used to the process, prep should take you ten minutes and cooking five minutes.",
"Use gluten free tamari soy sauce to replace the soy sauce and skip the potato starch in the marinade. Like I mentioned above, you can create tenderer meat by using ground turkey, pork, or beef. I found ground chicken to be too lean. Skipping the cornstarch will result in tougher chicken.",
"To make the dish vegetarian, skip the ground meat and use mushrooms or chopped tofu instead. Replace the chicken stock with vegetable stock.",
"If you give this recipe a try, let us know! Leave a comment, rate it (once you’ve tried it), and take a picture and tag it @omnivorescookbook on Instagram! I’d love to see what you come up with.",
"Fried noodles are a perfect way to create a hearty, quick, and healthy one- dish meal. This recipe introduces an optimized workflow and numerous tips for creating a great noodle dish with minimal effort.",
"To make it gluten-free, replace soy sauce with tamari or coconut amino and use dry sherry instead of Shaoxing wine.",
"Cut rice noodle threads into 8-inch (20 cm) lengths with a pair of scissors (*see footnote 2) and transfer them to a large bowl. Add hot tap water to cover. Be sure to submerge the rice noodles. Let sit for 5 to 7 minutes (*see footnote 3), until tender. The noodles should be flexible but remain al-dente (*see footnote 4). Drain. Add a few drops of vegetable oil and gently toss a few times.",
"Heat oil in a large nonstick skillet (or a wok) over high heat until hot. Add ginger and half the green onion (all the white parts). Cook and stir until it starts to sizzle.",
"Add mustard greens and the rest of the green onion (all the green parts). Cook and stir for 30 seconds.",
"Pour in sauce. Stir a few times. Add rice noodles. Toss and stir with a pair of tongs, until the liquid is fully absorbed. Remove skillet from stove. Carefully taste the noodles. If the noodles are still a bit tough, you can return the skillet to the stove and pour in 3 to 4 tablespoons chicken stock (or water). Continue tossing and stirring until the liquid is absorbed.",
"The dark soy sauce will add a nice dark brown color to the noodles. You can use 1 tablespoon + 1 teaspoon soy sauce instead of using the combo of light and dark soy sauce. The noodles will be seasoned correctly, just with a lighter color.",
"By cutting the noodles into shorter lengths, they won’t be tangled together during stir-frying and will be easier to eat.",
"The soaking time varies depending on the noodles and on the temperature of the water. If you’re using boiling water, the soaking time might shorten to 3 minutes. I used the hottest water I could get from the tap in this recipe and it took 7 minutes.",
"It is OK if the noodles are still a bit tougher than they should be. You can fix this during stir-frying, by adding a bit more chicken stock (or water) and cooking until the noodles are tender. On the other hand, if you soak the noodles for too long, they will be more prone to stick together and will turn mushy after cooking.",
"Serving: 389g | Calories: 519kcal | Carbohydrates: 43.5g | Protein: 35.7g | Fat: 22.3g | Saturated Fat: 5g | Cholesterol: 98mg | Sodium: 1082mg | Potassium: 637mg | Fiber: 4.5g | Sugar: 9.6g | Vitamin A: 6450IU | Vitamin C: 66.8mg | Calcium: 120mg | Iron: 3.2mg",
"Omnivore's Cookbook is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.",
"Hi I'm Maggie Zhu! Welcome to my site about modern Chinese cooking - including street food, family recipes, and restaurant dishes. I take a less labor- intensive approach while maintaining the taste and look of the dish. I am originally from Beijing, and now cook from my New York kitchen.",
"I love these sorts of posts that you do, Maggie. Noodle stir fries are my favourite, but I never really know what I’m doing when I’m making them. It’s great to have some tips from a pro! Hope you have a great holiday!",
"1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:09 am\nGreat to hear this post is helpful Helen! You too, Happy New Year and have a wonderful holiday! 🙂",
"You never fail to make my mouth water!!! This dish looks sooo good! And best thing about rice noodles is they’re already GF 😉",
"1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:08 am\nThe more I cook, the more I realized it’s very easy to convert lots of Chinese dishes to fit GF diet. I will put this one my project list, and write an article about how to convert Chinese recipes into GF ones. Thanks for the idea Rebecca 🙂",
"Maggie, I am so hungry right now! I absolutely adore rice noodles. But they always seem to require so much work. I am guilty to say I have never made any at home. These look really easy and pack with flavors. I am very excited and can’t wait to try it!",
"1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:05 am\nThe noodle dish might look daunting to make, but believe me, they are super fast and easy when you get the idea of it! Hopefully the information is helpful, because the freshly made noodles that just came off the stove are the best 😉",
"I’ve never attempted Chinese cuisine before because I felt kind of clueless when it comes to the ingredients, cooking techniques, and equipment but this helps so much. The step by step tips and the photos in the instructions really break it down. Looks delicious!",
"1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:02 am\nThat’s exactly how I feel when it comes to baking! I simply cannot figure out when my butter is done without a picture. I’m so glad to hear you find these information helpful Megan 🙂",
"These are all fantastic tips Maggie. While I prefer the wheat noodles over the rice, they are just as tasty, just a different texture. That photo of you chicken stock looks exactly like mine in the fridge with a big scoop taken out – too funny! Great getting to know you this past year and for sharing a dinner with us here in San Diego. Merry Christmas to you both!",
"1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 4:52 am\nI love wheat noodles too. Maybe because I haven’t managed to find a great brand yet, the wheat noodles I used often ended up mushy after the stir-fry. That’s why I converted to rice noodles after many attempts. Next time I’ll try to use spaghetti. I imagine it will be a great substitute for Chinese wheat noodles. It was great to meet you in person in San Diego! Wish we will gather together again in 2016 (I believe we will at some blog conferences)! Happy New Year to you and wish you have a wonderful holiday 🙂",
"These look so yummy! I love how you provide the step by step photos and also provide all the great tips for making a perfect fried noodle dish!",
"1. Maggie Post authorFebruary 15, 2016 at 4:49 pm\nI love Pad Thai too! This recipe was actually inspired by a rice noodle dish I had in a Thai restaurant. It will be a good alternative if you want to make something new with rice noodles 🙂 Happy cooking!",
"OMG, using no-flavor rice noodles I was done in 15 minutes. If I had used a flavorful wheat or egg noodle it would have taken me a whole 30 minutes. Thank you so much from a very important, busy person.",
"1. Maggie Post authorAugust 1, 2016 at 10:36 am\nI’m glad to like the recipe Fred! Yes rice noodles will save you so much time because you only need to soak them for a bit. That’s why I personally always prefer to stir fry with them, or leftover rice, so I can save the noodle boiling process 🙂",
"Hi Maggie! I find the step-by-step instructions to be quite helpful. It is better than a video in which you have to pause. This way I can take my time on whatever step I’m one & reference previous steps without having to rewind the video.",
"1. Maggie Post authorNovember 2, 2017 at 10:32 pm\nHi Tennie, I’m glad to hear the recipe worked for you! These substitutions sound great and I really love the addition of oyster sauce. Thanks for sharing 🙂",
"Such helpful tips. Thanks!!! My husband is Chinese,and I’m not Asian so didn’t grow up with these type of dishes,only if eating at Chinese restaurant from time to time....So cooking “Asian style” is a challenge still after 2 years of marriage. Your tips have definitely helped 🙂 Thanks",
"Hello, loved your recipe! I’ve been desperate to make it but wasn’t able to find detailed instructions. I just made it for my family and they loved it! Thank you so much",
"I’ve made this many times with variations – sometimes I use beef, sometimes chicken, sometimes pork, and I will use whatever dark leafy green I have on hand. I like to add a little garlic and chili paste. It’s so good and easy, always hits the spot! Thank you!!",
"Thank you VERY much for this post! I changed out the vegetables to those I have in my garden but your approach to the noodles was PERFECT! I’ve never been able to do them this nicely before.",
"Welcome to my site about modern Chinese cooking, Asian inspired dishes, and classic recipes cooked in my small New York Kitchen. Start browsing recipes right away or you could learn more about me here.",
"Maltose (麦芽糖, mài yá táng), also known as maltose syrup, is a super thick syrup that’s commonly used in traditional...",
"Papery dried shrimps, xiā pí (虾皮) in Chinese, is a fantastic way to add sea- salty flavor to a wide array...",
"Preserved mustard greens (碎米芽菜, suì mǐ yá cài), also known as pickled cardamine sprouts, are a common acidic addition that...",
"The century egg (皮蛋, pí dàn) is also known as millenium egg, pine flower egg or ‘skin egg’. It is..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "15-Minute Fried Noodles | Omnivore's Cookbook\n\n15-Minute Fried Noodles | Omnivore's Cookbook\n\n * Recipes by Categories\n\n * Main\n * Side\n * Bakery\n * Appetizer\n * Soup & Stew\n * Dessert\n * Homemade Sauce & Condiment\n * Salad\n * Dietary\n\n * Gluten-Free\n * Vegetarian\n * Vegan\n * Recipe Collections\n\n * Better Than Takeout\n * Dim Sum\n * 30 Minutes Or Less\n * Dumplings\n * How-Tos & Tips\n * Pantry\n * About\n\n * Youtube\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * RSS Feed\n * Search\n\n# Omnivore's Cookbook\n\nMain\n\n# 15-Minute Fried Noodles\n\nJump to Recipe Print Recipe\n\nFried noodles are a perfect way to create a hearty, quick, and healthy one-\ndish meal. This recipe introduces an optimized workflow and numerous tips for\ncreating a great noodle dish with minimal effort. {Gluten-Free}\n\nI have come across quite a lot of complaints on foodie forums, that creating a\ngreat Asian fried noodle dish requires too much effort. This is only half\ntrue.\n\nI agree, Asian stir fried dishes generally involve longer ingredient lists,\nmore chopping, and more attention than, say, a casserole dish. But what you\ncan do is to optimize your workflow to create a delicious dish with minimal\neffort and ingredients to bring out the best flavor.\n\n## How to make great fried noodles in less time\n\n 1. ### Use rice noodles instead of wheat noodles\n\nAlthough there are many types of noodle in Chinese cuisine, and although\ndifferent recipes call for very specific noodles, I found that rice noodles\nare the perfect option for a quick weekday meal, because you can skip the\nprocess of boiling water and you’re unlikely to ruin the dish by picking the\nwrong type of noodle.\n\n 2. ### Prep the rice noodles properly\n\nTo prepare rice noodles properly, make sure you cut them into shorter sticks\nbefore soaking. If you’re using a wok and steel spatula, you can chop the\nnoodles during the stir fry, but if you’re using a nonstick skillet with tongs\n(like I do in this recipe), you’ll need to do this step before cooking, so the\nnoodles won’t get too tangled.\n\nSoak noodles in hot water for 5 to 7 minutes, until al dente. Drain and rinse\nthem with cold water, to stop the cooking process. You can add a few drops of\noil and toss the noodles, so they won’t stick together.\n\n 3. ### Use plenty of green onion\n\nChinese cooking often requires ginger, garlic, and green onion. This means a\nlot of cutting and extra prep time. To shorten the ingredient list, you can\nskip the garlic and use plenty of green onion (using 6 to 8 green onions in a\nstir fried dish for two is the proper amount). You can skip ginger too, but I\nrecommend you to use it whenever you can.\n\nQuick tips:\n\n * Read this post on how to prep and freeze ginger, so you can shorten your prep time even further.\n\n 4. ### A great sauce does not require too many ingredients\n\nYou can create a great fried noodle sauce by using the right amount of soy\nsauce, sugar, and salt. I used the combination of light and dark soy sauce to\nadd a nice brown color to the noodles, but you can simplify this by only using\none type of soy sauce.\n\nIf you want to make your noodles even more flavorful, you can skip the salt\nand use 1 tablespoon of oyster sauce or use hoisin sauce, instead.\n\nThe other way to add flavor to the sauce is to make homemade chicken stock\nusing leftover bones (you might need to dilute it with water since homemade\nstock can be very thick). It makes the dish much richer than it would be if\nusing store-bought stock.\n\n 5. ### Use animal fat to immediately make your noodles super rich\n\nLike I mentioned in the soy sauce fried rice recipe, using a bit of animal fat\n(chicken fat, duck fat, or bacon fat) will create a super rich flavor. It is\nnot necessary in this recipe, but if you happen to have some animal fat in the\nfridge, don’t forget to use it!\n\n 6. ### Use ground meat and mustard greens to shorten the cooking time\n\nMany fried noodle recipes require you to cook the meat and vegetables\nseparately so that each ingredient will be properly cooked (such as this beef\nchow fun recipe). I tried to shorten the process in this recipe by using\nground meat and mustard greens, which don’t need to be taken out of the\nskillet.\n\nGround meat is less prone to becoming overcooked than sliced meat. However, I\ndo find it very helpful to do a brief marinade to make the meat tender and\nmore flavorful. If you’re using ground turkey, pork, or beef, you can skip the\npotato starch, because these eats contain more fat and will stay tender during\ncooking.\n\n 7. ### Do not add too much of the ingredients\n\nProportioning a well-balanced fried noodles dish is like choosing pizza\ntoppings – less is more. If you crowd your pan with too much stuff, the\nnoodles will easily become mushy and/or flavorless, because crowding the pan\ntakes so much heat out of the metal that the ingredients don’t get seared\nproperly.\n\n 8. ### Use an efficient workflow\n\nThe order should be: soak the noodles => marinate the meat => mix the sauce =>\nprep and chop the herbs and veggies while soaking the noodles => stir fry\n\nIt might take a bit more time if you’re cooking this dish for the first time,\nbut once you get used to the process, prep should take you ten minutes and\ncooking five minutes.\n\n## Bonus tips for tweaking the fried noodles\n\n### How to make this dish gluten-free\n\nUse gluten free tamari soy sauce to replace the soy sauce and skip the potato\nstarch in the marinade. Like I mentioned above, you can create tenderer meat\nby using ground turkey, pork, or beef. I found ground chicken to be too lean.\nSkipping the cornstarch will result in tougher chicken.\n\n### How to make this dish vegetarian\n\nTo make the dish vegetarian, skip the ground meat and use mushrooms or chopped\ntofu instead. Replace the chicken stock with vegetable stock.\n\n## More delicious noodle recipes\n\n * Easy Singapore Noodles\n * Real-Deal Beef Chow Fun\n * 15-Minute Garlic Noodles\n * Easy Soy Sauce Noodles\n * Real Deal Sesame Noodles\n * Hokkien Noodles (Hokkien Mee)\n\nIf you give this recipe a try, let us know! Leave a comment, rate it (once\nyou’ve tried it), and take a picture and tag it @omnivorescookbook on\nInstagram! I’d love to see what you come up with.\n\n## 15-Minute Fried Noodles\n\nFried noodles are a perfect way to create a hearty, quick, and healthy one-\ndish meal. This recipe introduces an optimized workflow and numerous tips for\ncreating a great noodle dish with minimal effort.\n\nTo make it gluten-free, replace soy sauce with tamari or coconut amino and use\ndry sherry instead of Shaoxing wine.\n\n5 from 8 votes\n\nPrint Pin Rate\n\nCourse: Main\n\nCuisine: Chinese\n\nKeyword: comfort food, takeout\n\nPrep Time: 10 minutes\n\nCook Time: 5 minutes\n\nTotal Time: 15 minutes\n\nServings: 2\n\nCalories: 519kcal\n\nAuthor: Maggie Zhu\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1/2 pound (220 grams) wide dried rice noodles\n\n#### Marinade\n\n * 1/2 pound (220 grams) ground meat (beef, chicken, pork, or turkey) or shrimp\n * 2 teaspoons Shaoxing wine (or Japanese sake, or dry sherry)\n * 1 teaspoon potato starch\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt\n\n#### Sauce\n\n * 1/4 cup chicken stock\n * 2 teaspoons light soy sauce\n * 1 tablespoon dark soy sauce (*see footnote 1)\n * 1 tablespoon sugar\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt (or 1 tablespoon oyster sauce, or hoisin sauce)\n\n#### Stir-fry\n\n * 2 tablespoons peanut oil (or animal fat)\n * 6 green onions , chopped into long slices (separate the white and green parts)\n * 1/2 tablespoon ginger , grated\n * 2 cups mustard greens , chopped\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Cut rice noodle threads into 8-inch (20 cm) lengths with a pair of scissors (*see footnote 2) and transfer them to a large bowl. Add hot tap water to cover. Be sure to submerge the rice noodles. Let sit for 5 to 7 minutes (*see footnote 3), until tender. The noodles should be flexible but remain al-dente (*see footnote 4). Drain. Add a few drops of vegetable oil and gently toss a few times.\n\n * While soaking the noodles, prepare marinade, sauce and cut veggies.\n\n * Combine ground meat (or shrimp), Shaoxing wine, potato starch, and salt in a small bowl. Mix well.\n\n * Combine chicken stock, light soy sauce, dark soy sauce, sugar, and salt in a small bowl. Mix well.\n\n * Place all the ingredients and a pair of tongs (or pair of chopsticks) next to your stove.\n\n * Heat oil in a large nonstick skillet (or a wok) over high heat until hot. Add ginger and half the green onion (all the white parts). Cook and stir until it starts to sizzle.\n\n * Add ground meat. Cook and stir until the surface is slightly charred, but not cooked through yet.\n\n * Add mustard greens and the rest of the green onion (all the green parts). Cook and stir for 30 seconds.\n\n * Pour in sauce. Stir a few times. Add rice noodles. Toss and stir with a pair of tongs, until the liquid is fully absorbed. Remove skillet from stove. Carefully taste the noodles. If the noodles are still a bit tough, you can return the skillet to the stove and pour in 3 to 4 tablespoons chicken stock (or water). Continue tossing and stirring until the liquid is absorbed.\n\n * Transfer everything to serving dishes. Serve immediately as a main dish.\n\n### Notes\n\n 1. The dark soy sauce will add a nice dark brown color to the noodles. You can use 1 tablespoon + 1 teaspoon soy sauce instead of using the combo of light and dark soy sauce. The noodles will be seasoned correctly, just with a lighter color.\n 2. By cutting the noodles into shorter lengths, they won’t be tangled together during stir-frying and will be easier to eat.\n 3. The soaking time varies depending on the noodles and on the temperature of the water. If you’re using boiling water, the soaking time might shorten to 3 minutes. I used the hottest water I could get from the tap in this recipe and it took 7 minutes.\n 4. It is OK if the noodles are still a bit tougher than they should be. You can fix this during stir-frying, by adding a bit more chicken stock (or water) and cooking until the noodles are tender. On the other hand, if you soak the noodles for too long, they will be more prone to stick together and will turn mushy after cooking.\n\n### Nutrition\n\nServing: 389g | Calories: 519kcal | Carbohydrates: 43.5g | Protein: 35.7g |\nFat: 22.3g | Saturated Fat: 5g | Cholesterol: 98mg | Sodium: 1082mg |\nPotassium: 637mg | Fiber: 4.5g | Sugar: 9.6g | Vitamin A: 6450IU | Vitamin C:\n66.8mg | Calcium: 120mg | Iron: 3.2mg\n\n### Disclosure\n\nOmnivore's Cookbook is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.\n\n* 24 Comments\n* Yummly\n\nShare:\n\nMeet Maggie\n\nHi I'm Maggie Zhu! Welcome to my site about modern Chinese cooking - including\nstreet food, family recipes, and restaurant dishes. I take a less labor-\nintensive approach while maintaining the taste and look of the dish. I am\noriginally from Beijing, and now cook from my New York kitchen.\n\nRead More Posts by Maggie →\n\n#### You Might Also Like\n\nView the Post\n\n### Homemade Lotus Seed Paste (莲蓉馅)\n\nView the Post\n\n### Sundubu Jjigae (Korean Soft Tofu Stew)\n\nView the Post\n\n### Chinese-Style Quick Pickled Shallots\n\n### FREE 5-Day Chinese Cooking Crash Course\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## 24 thoughts on “15-Minute Fried Noodles”\n\n 1. Helen @ scrummy lane December 23, 2015 at 8:57 am\n\nI love these sorts of posts that you do, Maggie. Noodle stir fries are my\nfavourite, but I never really know what I’m doing when I’m making them. It’s\ngreat to have some tips from a pro! Hope you have a great holiday!\n\nHelen\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:09 am\n\nGreat to hear this post is helpful Helen! You too, Happy New Year and have a\nwonderful holiday! 🙂\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Rebecca @ Strength and Sunshine December 23, 2015 at 9:11 am\n\nYou never fail to make my mouth water!!! This dish looks sooo good! And best\nthing about rice noodles is they’re already GF 😉\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:08 am\n\nThe more I cook, the more I realized it’s very easy to convert lots of Chinese\ndishes to fit GF diet. I will put this one my project list, and write an\narticle about how to convert Chinese recipes into GF ones. Thanks for the idea\nRebecca 🙂\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Lokness @ The Missing Lokness December 23, 2015 at 4:18 pm\n\nMaggie, I am so hungry right now! I absolutely adore rice noodles. But they\nalways seem to require so much work. I am guilty to say I have never made any\nat home. These look really easy and pack with flavors. I am very excited and\ncan’t wait to try it!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:05 am\n\nThe noodle dish might look daunting to make, but believe me, they are super\nfast and easy when you get the idea of it! Hopefully the information is\nhelpful, because the freshly made noodles that just came off the stove are the\nbest 😉\n\nReply ↓\n\n 4. Megan December 23, 2015 at 7:39 pm\n\nI’ve never attempted Chinese cuisine before because I felt kind of clueless\nwhen it comes to the ingredients, cooking techniques, and equipment but this\nhelps so much. The step by step tips and the photos in the instructions really\nbreak it down. Looks delicious!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 5:02 am\n\nThat’s exactly how I feel when it comes to baking! I simply cannot figure out\nwhen my butter is done without a picture. I’m so glad to hear you find these\ninformation helpful Megan 🙂\n\nReply ↓\n\n 5. Kevin | Keviniscooking December 24, 2015 at 11:16 am\n\nThese are all fantastic tips Maggie. While I prefer the wheat noodles over the\nrice, they are just as tasty, just a different texture. That photo of you\nchicken stock looks exactly like mine in the fridge with a big scoop taken out\n– too funny! Great getting to know you this past year and for sharing a dinner\nwith us here in San Diego. Merry Christmas to you both!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorDecember 31, 2015 at 4:52 am\n\nI love wheat noodles too. Maybe because I haven’t managed to find a great\nbrand yet, the wheat noodles I used often ended up mushy after the stir-fry.\nThat’s why I converted to rice noodles after many attempts. Next time I’ll try\nto use spaghetti. I imagine it will be a great substitute for Chinese wheat\nnoodles. It was great to meet you in person in San Diego! Wish we will gather\ntogether again in 2016 (I believe we will at some blog conferences)! Happy New\nYear to you and wish you have a wonderful holiday 🙂\n\nReply ↓\n\n 6. Jessie | Kitschen Cat January 21, 2016 at 9:56 pm\n\nThese look so yummy! I love how you provide the step by step photos and also\nprovide all the great tips for making a perfect fried noodle dish!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 7. J-Mom February 15, 2016 at 6:17 am\n\nThis was great. I love rice noodles and was looking for something other than\nPad Thai to make.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorFebruary 15, 2016 at 4:49 pm\n\nI love Pad Thai too! This recipe was actually inspired by a rice noodle dish I\nhad in a Thai restaurant. It will be a good alternative if you want to make\nsomething new with rice noodles 🙂 Happy cooking!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 8. Fred Rickson July 31, 2016 at 8:23 pm\n\nOMG, using no-flavor rice noodles I was done in 15 minutes. If I had used a\nflavorful wheat or egg noodle it would have taken me a whole 30 minutes. Thank\nyou so much from a very important, busy person.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorAugust 1, 2016 at 10:36 am\n\nI’m glad to like the recipe Fred! Yes rice noodles will save you so much time\nbecause you only need to soak them for a bit. That’s why I personally always\nprefer to stir fry with them, or leftover rice, so I can save the noodle\nboiling process 🙂\n\nReply ↓\n\n 9. Jacqueline September 18, 2016 at 7:21 pm\n\nHi Maggie! I find the step-by-step instructions to be quite helpful. It is\nbetter than a video in which you have to pause. This way I can take my time on\nwhatever step I’m one & reference previous steps without having to rewind the\nvideo.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 10. Mark Gullic September 19, 2016 at 6:15 pm\n\nI like the step-by-step method, as it is easy to follow. Plus, you offer\nalternate suggestions.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 11. Tina Basu November 14, 2016 at 3:53 am\n\nMaggie, the photos are drool worthy! Absolutely gorgeous. I love making\nnoodles.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 12. Tennie November 1, 2017 at 6:55 pm\n\nThus was great. Used small pieces of pork instead of beef. Swiss chard and the\noyster sauce vs salt.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 1. Maggie Post authorNovember 2, 2017 at 10:32 pm\n\nHi Tennie, I’m glad to hear the recipe worked for you! These substitutions\nsound great and I really love the addition of oyster sauce. Thanks for sharing\n🙂\n\nReply ↓\n\n 13. Jo September 20, 2018 at 5:41 am\n\nSuch helpful tips. Thanks!!! My husband is Chinese,and I’m not Asian so didn’t\ngrow up with these type of dishes,only if eating at Chinese restaurant from\ntime to time....So cooking “Asian style” is a challenge still after 2 years of\nmarriage. Your tips have definitely helped 🙂 Thanks\n\nReply ↓\n\n 14. esenia garcia October 28, 2018 at 6:19 pm\n\nHello, loved your recipe! I’ve been desperate to make it but wasn’t able to\nfind detailed instructions. I just made it for my family and they loved it!\nThank you so much\n\nReply ↓\n\n 15. Leonardine September 16, 2019 at 12:41 am\n\nI’ve made this many times with variations – sometimes I use beef, sometimes\nchicken, sometimes pork, and I will use whatever dark leafy green I have on\nhand. I like to add a little garlic and chili paste. It’s so good and easy,\nalways hits the spot! Thank you!!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 16. Sheila January 25, 2020 at 11:13 am\n\nThank you VERY much for this post! I changed out the vegetables to those I\nhave in my garden but your approach to the noodles was PERFECT! I’ve never\nbeen able to do them this nicely before.\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Looking For Something?\n\n### Hi, I’m Maggie!\n\nWelcome to my site about modern Chinese cooking, Asian inspired dishes, and\nclassic recipes cooked in my small New York Kitchen. Start browsing recipes\nright away or you could learn more about me here.\n\n### Recipe Update\n\nSign up to receive our 5-Day Chinese Cooking Crash Course and recipe updates.\n\n### Most Popular\n\n * Homemade Lotus Seed Paste (莲蓉馅)\n * Sundubu Jjigae (Korean Soft Tofu Stew)\n * Chinese-Style Quick Pickled Shallots\n\n###### My Chinese Pantry\n\nView Details\n\n### Maltose (麦芽糖, Mài Yá Táng)\n\nMaltose (麦芽糖, mài yá táng), also known as maltose syrup, is a super thick\nsyrup that’s commonly used in traditional...\n\nMore Details\n\nView Details\n\n### Papery Dried Shrimps (虾皮, Xiā Pí)\n\nPapery dried shrimps, xiā pí (虾皮) in Chinese, is a fantastic way to add sea-\nsalty flavor to a wide array...\n\nMore Details\n\nView Details\n\n### Sui Mi Ya Cai (碎米芽菜, Preserved Mustard Greens)\n\nPreserved mustard greens (碎米芽菜, suì mǐ yá cài), also known as pickled\ncardamine sprouts, are a common acidic addition that...\n\nMore Details\n\nView Details\n\n### Century Egg (皮蛋, Pí Dàn)\n\nThe century egg (皮蛋, pí dàn) is also known as millenium egg, pine flower egg\nor ‘skin egg’. 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},
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"original_url": "https://www.recipetineats.com/chinese-stir-fried-noodles-build-your-own/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200518184104/https://www.recipetineats.com/chinese-stir-fried-noodles-build-your-own/",
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"title": "Chinese Stir Fry Noodles – Build Your Own",
"passages": [
"Learn how to make your own Chinese Stir Fry Noodles – without using a recipe! Use my easy to follow “formula” so you can make stir fry noodles using whatever proteins, vegetables and noodles you have on hand.",
"I rarely use a recipe for stir fry noodles I make on a day to day basis, because after making it hundreds (and hundreds!) of times, the “formula” is embedded deep in me which means I can throw one together using virtually any ingredients. And I swear, I’ve never had a disaster failure. Some are better than others, and I’ve experimented with stir frying some strange ingredients (umm...parsnip in stir fries is weird), but overall it’s always tasty and I happily scoff down a large bowl and go back for seconds.",
"So in this post I’m sharing a guide for how to “build your own” Chinese stir fry noodles using my Real Chinese All Purpose Stir Fry Sauce. The “formula” is really simple – this is for 1 serving:",
"1 1/2 cups noodles + 1/2 cup protein + 2 to 3 cups (packed) vegetables* + 2 tbsp Real Chinese All Purpose Stir Fry Sauce + 1/4 cup water + Optional Add Ons (Base Flavour and Additional Flavourings)",
"I love having loads of vegetables. But really it depends on your personal taste, and the “normal” amount tends to be 2 cups per serving (but pack the cup. Pack it good! Veggies are good for you!)",
"Read on below for guidance on each of these components, plus I’ve included a printable recipe at the bottom summarising this post.",
"Noodles – you can use any noodles you want, dried or fresh, except vermicelli (too thin for this sauce) and the egg noodles for soups (the ones that come in the packet coated with cornflour/cornstarch – it makes the stir fry too thick and gluggy). Cook the dried noodles according to the packet instructions. If using dried rice noodles, I like to “cook” them simply by pouring over plenty of boiling water and leaving them in a bowl for 5 minutes or so.",
"As with most recipes, it’s better to use fresh rather than dried noodles. My favourite fresh noodles to stir fry is hokkien noodles – I can find them fresh in pretty much any supermarket, and it’s a really versatile noodle – I use it in soups, and you can make stir fries for pretty much any Asian cuisine (Thai, Japanese, Malaysian, Singaporean). However, fresh rice noodles are not readily available in supermarkets here in Sydney, you have to get them from Asian stores, so I usually make this with dried rice noodles (which are readily available – plus they are way cheaper than fresh noodles!).",
"Protein – use whatever proteins you want, meat, shrimp or tofu. For meat, slice it against the grain. Slice the meat thinly so it cooks quickly – 1/4′′ / 0.5cm slices.",
"Ever notice how the meat in Chinese dishes is so incredibly tender, and how your stir fries at home are just never the same? The secret is tenderising the meat – a method called velveting.",
"That’s right. Your cheerful local Chinese restaurant is using economical stewing beef to make stir fries with ultra tender strips of beef by tenderising it!",
"This is optional only, when wanting to make stir fries with economical beef or you simply want extra tender beef, Chinese restaurant style!",
"Vegetables – you can use pretty much any vegetables you want for stir fry noodles, though some vegetables I haven’t seen in stir fries like tomatoes and beetroot. But hey, if that works for you, then go for it! Here is a guide for how to cut the vegetables so they cook in roughly the same time:",
"Firm vegetables (eg.carrots, zucchini) – slice into 1/5′′ / 3mm slices. I like to cut carrots on the diagonal, then either vertically in half or sometimes I julienne it.",
"Leafy chinese greens (eg. bok choy/pak choy/Chinese broccoli) – separate leaves from stems, cut stems vertically into roughly 1/2′′/1cm sticks.",
"Cabbage – shred. As chinese cabbage is softer, you can also cut it into larger pieces of 1.5′′/4cm x 1′′ / 2 cm.",
"Broccoli and cauliflower – cut/break into florets no larger than half the size of a golf ball (including the stem).",
"Real Chinese All Purpose Stir Fry Sauce – this is my personal secret recipe which I shared earlier this week. It’s a versatile base for Chinese stir fries that you can store in the fridge for weeks – months even. It makes a great glossy sauce that coats your stir fries, and you can tailor it to your taste by adding spice, some tang, fresh herbs, and even a fruity sweetness by adding juice. Having it on hand makes mid week meals a breeze because all you do is give it a shake, then add it to any stir fry – rather than scrambling around gathering 10 ingredients for your stir fry sauce.",
"Base Flavours – these are the flavours that infuse into the oil before you add the other ingredients. You can use garlic, ginger or chilli (fresh – if using a paste, add it as an Extra Flavouring).",
"Extra Flavourings – these are the extra flavours you add when you add the sauce into the wok. You can sweeten it with sugar, add some tang with vinegar, add some heat with chilli paste or sriracha, add herbs like coriander or Thai Basil leaves, sweet chilli sauce, or even add a touch of sweet and fruit with fruit juice. I’ve provided my favourite variations in the recipe below.",
"Cooking the Stir Fry – the golden rule for a successful stir fry noodles is to add the ingredients into the wok in order of length of time to cook. You need to take into account the ingredient itself (proteins and hard vegetables take longer than soft vegetables) and the size that you have cut them. As a guide, start with onion and proteins, stir fry for 1 minute, then add florets (broccoli, cauliflower), then 1 minute later add firm vegetables like carrots, and finish with delicate vegetables like snow peas. I always leave leafy greens (like spinach and the leaves of Chinese greens like bok choy) and bean sprouts until when I add the noodles otherwise I find they overcook and look limp and miserable.",
"Lastly, add the noodles, sauce and other Extra Flavourings of your choice, as well as leafy greens, stir fry for another minute, and you’re done.",
"Key Tip: Get all your ingredients / sauce prepared and ready next to the wok. Once you start cooking, it comes together quickly and you don’t want to be scrambling around the kitchen!!",
"Hungry for more? Subscribe to my newsletter and follow along on Facebook, Pinterest and Instagram for all of the latest updates.",
"A guide to make-your-own stir fried noodles using my Real All Purpose Chinese Stir Fry Sauce which can be made ahead and stored in the fridge for weeks! The measurements are for a single serving, but note that the recipe for the Sauce (separate post) makes a decent size batch for 12 servings.",
"Heat oil in wok over high heat. When oil is hot, add Base Flavouring of choice and stir fry for about 10 seconds - don't let them burn!",
"Add ingredients in order of length of time to cook, starting with those that take the longest but do not add leafy greens. Start with onion and proteins (together), followed by broccoli and other vegetables in \"floret\" form, followed by carrots, stems of leafy greens, zucchini, eggplant, beans and other firm vegetables, and lastly cabbage and snow peas and other vegetables that take little time to cook. DO NOT add bean sprouts or leafy greens - you will add them in the next step.",
"Remove from heat, add leafy greens (leafy part of bok choy, spinach etc) and bean sprouts (if using), the noodles (use your fingers to break them up), the Sauce, water and Extra Flavours (optional).",
"Return to heat, gently toss for 1 minute to heat through the noodles and for the sauce to thicken. If the water evaporates too quickly, add a bit more.",
"1. My favourite is fresh hokkien noodles. But you can use any noodles for this dish, fried or fresh, except vermicelli (hard to stir fry with this sauce), or fresh soup egg noodles (the ones that come coated in cornflour in the packets. Because the cornflour (cornstarch) coating them makes the stir fry gluggy. The noodles that come coated in cornflour are for soups - the cornflour makes the soup slightly thicker.",
"2. Dried rice noodles are suitable for \"cooking\" simply by pouring over plenty of boiling water and leaving them for 5 to 7 minutes. The dried egg noodles I use cannot be cooked in this way - but perhaps there are brands that this does work for that aren't available here in Australia.",
"3. Cut vegetables to size so they will cook within a few minutes on high heat. When you are cooking the noodles, toss the vegetables into the wok in order of length of time to cook, starting with hard vegetables, like onion and carrots, and finishing with soft vegetables that do not take long to cook like snow peas and shredded Chinese Cabbagge.",
"4. Always add leafy greens - like the tops of bok choy, pak choy, spinach - when you add the noodles. They will take less than a minute to wilt - any sooner and they will be way overcooked.",
"I believe you can make great food with everyday ingredients even if you’re short on time and cost conscious. You just need to cook clever and get creative!",
"Thanks for sharing this amazing post. I love the sauce and my fmsiky loved the stir fry noodles. All inhaled within minutes!!",
"Hey Nagi, dope recipes for real. There is a problem with the servings slider on this recipe. When I adjust it for more pax the noodles value changes for fresh noodles but the dry noodles amount remains at 75g. I am pedantic but I did work it out for myself and wanted to make sure that you were giving your readers what I know you want them to have. The best authentic tasting recipes that are easy to follow and easy to eat! Keep it up",
"I want to make Vegetarian Rice Noodles, the thin Stick Rice Noodles that I enjoy at a local restaurant. I tried to make them without chicken broth and they were pretty flavorless. No protein seems to be included. What are the primary flavorings for Thin Rice Noodle dishes?",
"Hi, can I mix the sauces for your recipes and leave them in the fridge for a day or two? I always try to make variety of foods for my kid and I don’t have much time for cooking when I get home after work. It would be easier if I could prep most of the stuff and eave it in the fridge until I need to to cook. Thanks!",
"Hi Nagi, this was really delicious but a bit soupy. I added only half a cup of water too. Any idea what could have gone wrong? Thanks, Laura",
"Greetings – have been searching for a recipe like this for ages- thank you If making as an appetizer for 30 people – quantities? And how far in advance could I make and refrigerate?",
"Amazing recipe- thank you! I love your building blocks idea – it works so well! Just tried “charlie” in a chicken stir fry with jalapenos, mushrooms, courgette and yellow pepper- it was delicious and so easy!",
"Just want to thank you for sharing your knowledge (and recipes of course), looks like Charlie has become a permanent base sauce for me!",
"Nagi, My husband and I just tried your recipe for Charlie sauce. We both loved it as written. I made no changes to the recipe. My husband liked that we can keep it in the fridge to use, when I’m not home. Thanks so much for a great restaurant like recipe. Soooo Good!!! JC",
"Well, I followed your recipe for the sauce and was pleasantly surprised absolutely delicious with the fried noodle, thank you so much, I have book marked this",
"I think your sauce is awesome ! How do I use your sauce recipe when making pepper steak like I find in Chinese restaurant.",
"I think your sauce is awesome! How would I use this sauce to make pepper steak like you purchase in chinese restaurant.",
"Wow. It looks delicious. I love stir fried noodles very much. So, I will try to make it very soon. Your recipe will help me. Thanks for sharing your recipe.",
"I believe you can make great food with everyday ingredients even if you’re short on time and cost conscious. You just need to cook clever and get creative! Read More"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Chinese Stir Fry Noodles - Build Your Own | RecipeTin Eats\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to footer navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\n###### Subscribe\n\nto receive three free recipe ebooks Sign Up\n\nRecipeTin Eats\n\nFast Prep, Big Flavours\n\nHome Collections 15 Minute Meals Chinese Stir Fry Noodles – Build Your Own\n\n# Chinese Stir Fry Noodles – Build Your Own\n\nLast Updated:Feb 23, 2019Published:Jun 17, 2014\n\nBy:Nagi 72 Comments\n\nRecipe v\n\n * 326\n * 18.9K\n * 14\n\nLearn how to make your own Chinese Stir Fry Noodles – without using a recipe!\nUse my easy to follow “formula” so you can make stir fry noodles using\nwhatever proteins, vegetables and noodles you have on hand.\n\n## A blank canvas for Chinese Stir Fry Noodles\n\nI rarely use a recipe for stir fry noodles I make on a day to day basis,\nbecause after making it hundreds (and hundreds!) of times, the “formula” is\nembedded deep in me which means I can throw one together using virtually any\ningredients. And I swear, I’ve never had a disaster failure. Some are better\nthan others, and I’ve experimented with stir frying some strange ingredients\n(umm...parsnip in stir fries is weird), but overall it’s always tasty and I\nhappily scoff down a large bowl and go back for seconds.\n\nSo in this post I’m sharing a guide for how to “build your own” Chinese stir\nfry noodles using my Real Chinese All Purpose Stir Fry Sauce. The “formula” is\nreally simple – this is for 1 serving:\n\n1 1/2 cups noodles + 1/2 cup protein + 2 to 3 cups (packed) vegetables* + 2\ntbsp Real Chinese All Purpose Stir Fry Sauce + 1/4 cup water + Optional Add\nOns (Base Flavour and Additional Flavourings)\n\n* I love having loads of vegetables. But really it depends on your personal taste, and the “normal” amount tends to be 2 cups per serving (but pack the cup. Pack it good! Veggies are good for you!)\n\nRead on below for guidance on each of these components, plus I’ve included a\nprintable recipe at the bottom summarising this post.\n\nNoodles – you can use any noodles you want, dried or fresh, except vermicelli\n(too thin for this sauce) and the egg noodles for soups (the ones that come in\nthe packet coated with cornflour/cornstarch – it makes the stir fry too thick\nand gluggy). Cook the dried noodles according to the packet instructions. If\nusing dried rice noodles, I like to “cook” them simply by pouring over plenty\nof boiling water and leaving them in a bowl for 5 minutes or so.\n\nAs with most recipes, it’s better to use fresh rather than dried noodles. My\nfavourite fresh noodles to stir fry is hokkien noodles – I can find them fresh\nin pretty much any supermarket, and it’s a really versatile noodle – I use it\nin soups, and you can make stir fries for pretty much any Asian cuisine (Thai,\nJapanese, Malaysian, Singaporean). However, fresh rice noodles are not readily\navailable in supermarkets here in Sydney, you have to get them from Asian\nstores, so I usually make this with dried rice noodles (which are readily\navailable – plus they are way cheaper than fresh noodles!).\n\nProtein – use whatever proteins you want, meat, shrimp or tofu. For meat,\nslice it against the grain. Slice the meat thinly so it cooks quickly – 1/4′′\n/ 0.5cm slices.\n\n## Option: Tenderising beef for stir fries\n\nEver notice how the meat in Chinese dishes is so incredibly tender, and how\nyour stir fries at home are just never the same? The secret is tenderising the\nmeat – a method called velveting.\n\nThat’s right. Your cheerful local Chinese restaurant is using economical\nstewing beef to make stir fries with ultra tender strips of beef by\ntenderising it!\n\nFind out how to use this simple, highly effective method: How to Tenderise\nBeef (the Chinese way).\n\nThis is optional only, when wanting to make stir fries with economical beef or\nyou simply want extra tender beef, Chinese restaurant style!\n\nVegetables – you can use pretty much any vegetables you want for stir fry\nnoodles, though some vegetables I haven’t seen in stir fries like tomatoes and\nbeetroot. But hey, if that works for you, then go for it! Here is a guide for\nhow to cut the vegetables so they cook in roughly the same time:\n\n * Onions – 1/4′′/0.5cm slices.\n * Firm vegetables (eg.carrots, zucchini) – slice into 1/5′′ / 3mm slices. I like to cut carrots on the diagonal, then either vertically in half or sometimes I julienne it.\n * Leafy chinese greens (eg. bok choy/pak choy/Chinese broccoli) – separate leaves from stems, cut stems vertically into roughly 1/2′′/1cm sticks.\n * Cabbage – shred. As chinese cabbage is softer, you can also cut it into larger pieces of 1.5′′/4cm x 1′′ / 2 cm.\n * Broccoli and cauliflower – cut/break into florets no larger than half the size of a golf ball (including the stem).\n * Green beans, snap peas, baby corn – whole (trimmed).\n * Eggplant – sliced into 1/3′′/1cm thick bite size slices.\n * Scallions / shallots – either sliced thinly or into 2′′/4cm pieces.\n * Beansprouts – use as is.\n\nReal Chinese All Purpose Stir Fry Sauce – this is my personal secret recipe\nwhich I shared earlier this week. It’s a versatile base for Chinese stir fries\nthat you can store in the fridge for weeks – months even. It makes a great\nglossy sauce that coats your stir fries, and you can tailor it to your taste\nby adding spice, some tang, fresh herbs, and even a fruity sweetness by adding\njuice. Having it on hand makes mid week meals a breeze because all you do is\ngive it a shake, then add it to any stir fry – rather than scrambling around\ngathering 10 ingredients for your stir fry sauce.\n\nBase Flavours – these are the flavours that infuse into the oil before you add\nthe other ingredients. You can use garlic, ginger or chilli (fresh – if using\na paste, add it as an Extra Flavouring).\n\nExtra Flavourings – these are the extra flavours you add when you add the\nsauce into the wok. You can sweeten it with sugar, add some tang with vinegar,\nadd some heat with chilli paste or sriracha, add herbs like coriander or Thai\nBasil leaves, sweet chilli sauce, or even add a touch of sweet and fruit with\nfruit juice. I’ve provided my favourite variations in the recipe below.\n\nCooking the Stir Fry – the golden rule for a successful stir fry noodles is to\nadd the ingredients into the wok in order of length of time to cook. You need\nto take into account the ingredient itself (proteins and hard vegetables take\nlonger than soft vegetables) and the size that you have cut them. As a guide,\nstart with onion and proteins, stir fry for 1 minute, then add florets\n(broccoli, cauliflower), then 1 minute later add firm vegetables like carrots,\nand finish with delicate vegetables like snow peas. I always leave leafy\ngreens (like spinach and the leaves of Chinese greens like bok choy) and bean\nsprouts until when I add the noodles otherwise I find they overcook and look\nlimp and miserable.\n\nLastly, add the noodles, sauce and other Extra Flavourings of your choice, as\nwell as leafy greens, stir fry for another minute, and you’re done.\n\nKey Tip: Get all your ingredients / sauce prepared and ready next to the wok.\nOnce you start cooking, it comes together quickly and you don’t want to be\nscrambling around the kitchen!!\n\nI hope you find this guide useful! A printable recipe with a condensed version\nof this guide is below.\n\n## Save this Stir Fry Noodles “formula” to your Asian Meals Pinterest Board!\n\nHungry for more? Subscribe to my newsletter and follow along on Facebook,\nPinterest and Instagram for all of the latest updates.\n\n## Chinese Stir Fried Noodles Guide\n\nAuthor: Nagi | RecipeTin Eats\n\nPrep: 10 mins\n\nCook: 5 mins\n\nTotal: 15 mins\n\nNoodles, Stir Fries\n\nAsian, Chinese\n\n4.91 from 22 votes\n\nServings1\n\nTap or hover to scale\n\nPrint\n\n * 326\n * 18.9K\n * 14\n\nA guide to make-your-own stir fried noodles using my Real All Purpose Chinese\nStir Fry Sauce which can be made ahead and stored in the fridge for weeks! The\nmeasurements are for a single serving, but note that the recipe for the Sauce\n(separate post) makes a decent size batch for 12 servings.\n\n### Ingredients\n\n#### Noodles - choose fresh or dried:\n\n * 100g/3.5oz fresh noodles (Note 1)\n * 75g / 2.5oz dried noodles , prepared per packet (Note 2)\n\n#### Add ins:\n\n * 2 tbsp oil\n * 1/2 cup (3 oz / 75g) proteins\n * 2 cups vegetables , chopped packed cups)\n * 2 tbsp Real All Purpose Chinese Stir Fry Sauce (click through for recipe)\n * 1/4 cup (65ml) water (4 tbsp)\n * Base Flavouring - your choice (see below)\n * Extra Flavourings (optional) - your choice (see below)\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Prepare the protein by slicing them against the grain into 1/4\" / 0.5cm slices or 2/3\" / 2cm cubes.\n\n * Heat oil in wok over high heat. When oil is hot, add Base Flavouring of choice and stir fry for about 10 seconds - don't let them burn!\n\n * Add ingredients in order of length of time to cook, starting with those that take the longest but do not add leafy greens. Start with onion and proteins (together), followed by broccoli and other vegetables in \"floret\" form, followed by carrots, stems of leafy greens, zucchini, eggplant, beans and other firm vegetables, and lastly cabbage and snow peas and other vegetables that take little time to cook. DO NOT add bean sprouts or leafy greens - you will add them in the next step.\n\n * Remove from heat, add leafy greens (leafy part of bok choy, spinach etc) and bean sprouts (if using), the noodles (use your fingers to break them up), the Sauce, water and Extra Flavours (optional).\n\n * Return to heat, gently toss for 1 minute to heat through the noodles and for the sauce to thicken. If the water evaporates too quickly, add a bit more.\n\n * Serve immediately.\n\n#### Base Flavourings (choose any, none or all)\n\n * Garlic clove, finely chopped (don't use garlic crusher)\n\n * Ginger, finely chopped (1 tsp)\n\n * Birds eye chilli, finely chopped (1/4 to 1/2 tsp) (to your taste)\n\n#### Extra Flavourings (choose any, none or all)\n\n * Sriracha, Chilli Bean Paste or other Spicy addition (1 tsp)\n\n * Sweet chilli sauce (1 tbsp)\n\n * Substitute some or all of the water with pineapple or orange juice\n\n * Rice vinegar - for a touch of tartness (1 tsp)\n\n * Fresh cilantro / coriander leaves, or thai basil (2 tbsp)\n\n * Garlic or ordinary chives, chopped (2 tsp)\n\n * Pinch of Chinese five spice powder\n\n### Recipe Notes:\n\n1\\. My favourite is fresh hokkien noodles. But you can use any noodles for\nthis dish, fried or fresh, except vermicelli (hard to stir fry with this\nsauce), or fresh soup egg noodles (the ones that come coated in cornflour in\nthe packets. Because the cornflour (cornstarch) coating them makes the stir\nfry gluggy. The noodles that come coated in cornflour are for soups - the\ncornflour makes the soup slightly thicker.\n\n2\\. Dried rice noodles are suitable for \"cooking\" simply by pouring over\nplenty of boiling water and leaving them for 5 to 7 minutes. The dried egg\nnoodles I use cannot be cooked in this way - but perhaps there are brands that\nthis does work for that aren't available here in Australia.\n\n3\\. Cut vegetables to size so they will cook within a few minutes on high\nheat. When you are cooking the noodles, toss the vegetables into the wok in\norder of length of time to cook, starting with hard vegetables, like onion and\ncarrots, and finishing with soft vegetables that do not take long to cook like\nsnow peas and shredded Chinese Cabbagge.\n\n4\\. Always add leafy greens - like the tops of bok choy, pak choy, spinach -\nwhen you add the noodles. They will take less than a minute to wilt - any\nsooner and they will be way overcooked.\n\n5\\. Stir Fry Noodles Nutrition per serving assuming this is made with lean\nbeef or chicken.\n\n### Nutrition Information:\n\nServing: 428gCalories: 554kcal (28%)Carbohydrates: 46.5g (16%)Protein: 28g\n(56%)Fat: 31.2g (48%)Saturated Fat: 5.2g (33%)Cholesterol: 76mg (25%)Sodium:\n1089mg (47%)Potassium: 546mg (16%)Fiber: 5.4g (23%)Sugar: 9.2g (10%)Vitamin A:\n5200IU (104%)Vitamin C: 105.6mg (128%)Calcium: 90mg (9%)Iron: 4.9mg (27%)\n\nKeywords: Thai stir fried noodles\n\nDid you make this recipe?I love hearing how you went with my recipes! Tag me\non Instagram at @RecipeTinEats.\n\nSaveSave\n\nPrevious Post\n\nReal Chinese All Purpose Stir Fry Sauce (Charlie!)\n\nNext Post\n\nTwice Baked Make Ahead Cheese Souffle\n\n#### Hi, I'm Nagi!\n\nI believe you can make great food with everyday ingredients even if you’re\nshort on time and cost conscious. You just need to cook clever and get\ncreative!\n\nRead More\n\n### Free Recipe eBooks\n\nJoin my free email list to receive THREE free cookbooks!\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\n#### 72 Comments\n\n 1. Rachel says\n\nApril 28, 2020 at 3:38 pm\n\nThanks for sharing this amazing post. I love the sauce and my fmsiky loved the\nstir fry noodles. All inhaled within minutes!!\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nApril 28, 2020 at 7:32 pm\n\nPerfect Rachel, that’s the best compliment to the chef! N x\n\nReply\n\n 2. David Springer says\n\nFebruary 14, 2020 at 7:30 pm\n\nHey Nagi, dope recipes for real. There is a problem with the servings slider\non this recipe. When I adjust it for more pax the noodles value changes for\nfresh noodles but the dry noodles amount remains at 75g. I am pedantic but I\ndid work it out for myself and wanted to make sure that you were giving your\nreaders what I know you want them to have. The best authentic tasting recipes\nthat are easy to follow and easy to eat! Keep it up\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nFebruary 15, 2020 at 5:52 am\n\nThanks David! I’ll look into it now 🙂 N x\n\nReply\n\n 3. AM says\n\nJanuary 10, 2020 at 1:29 pm\n\nThis recipe was SO delicious, thanks so much for sharing! That stir fry sauce\nis really magic!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Mary Massey says\n\nNovember 18, 2019 at 11:12 am\n\nI want to make Vegetarian Rice Noodles, the thin Stick Rice Noodles that I\nenjoy at a local restaurant. I tried to make them without chicken broth and\nthey were pretty flavorless. No protein seems to be included. What are the\nprimary flavorings for Thin Rice Noodle dishes?\n\nReply\n\n 5. Tania Jay says\n\nNovember 7, 2019 at 1:49 pm\n\nWhat is your sauce receipe\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nNovember 7, 2019 at 7:35 pm\n\nHi Tania – here is the link https://www.recipetineats.com/real-chinese-\npurpose-stir-fry-sauce/\n\nReply\n\n 6. Yulduz says\n\nAugust 23, 2019 at 5:48 am\n\nHi, can I mix the sauces for your recipes and leave them in the fridge for a\nday or two? I always try to make variety of foods for my kid and I don’t have\nmuch time for cooking when I get home after work. It would be easier if I\ncould prep most of the stuff and eave it in the fridge until I need to to\ncook. Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nAugust 23, 2019 at 2:05 pm\n\nOf course Yulduz, great idea!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Laura says\n\nAugust 20, 2019 at 7:21 pm\n\nHi Nagi, this was really delicious but a bit soupy. I added only half a cup of\nwater too. Any idea what could have gone wrong? Thanks, Laura\n\nReply\n\n 8. Jane R says\n\nMarch 12, 2019 at 12:05 pm\n\nGreetings – have been searching for a recipe like this for ages- thank you If\nmaking as an appetizer for 30 people – quantities? And how far in advance\ncould I make and refrigerate?\n\nReply\n\n 9. Kath says\n\nJanuary 26, 2019 at 6:54 am\n\nAmazing recipe- thank you! I love your building blocks idea – it works so\nwell! Just tried “charlie” in a chicken stir fry with jalapenos, mushrooms,\ncourgette and yellow pepper- it was delicious and so easy!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Sam says\n\nJanuary 18, 2019 at 6:20 am\n\nJust want to thank you for sharing your knowledge (and recipes of course),\nlooks like Charlie has become a permanent base sauce for me!\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nJanuary 18, 2019 at 10:08 am\n\nAwesome Sam!\n\nReply\n\n 11. JEan C says\n\nJanuary 15, 2019 at 6:50 am\n\nNagi, My husband and I just tried your recipe for Charlie sauce. We both loved\nit as written. I made no changes to the recipe. My husband liked that we can\nkeep it in the fridge to use, when I’m not home. Thanks so much for a great\nrestaurant like recipe. Soooo Good!!! JC\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nJanuary 15, 2019 at 1:00 pm\n\nYes!!! I’m so glad you both love it!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Tom says\n\nJanuary 8, 2019 at 3:33 am\n\nI love this recipe, but do you have any advice to lower the sodium percentage?\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nJanuary 9, 2019 at 10:06 am\n\nHi Tom, low sodium soy would lower the sodium percentage ☺️\n\nReply\n\n 13. Charlene Masters says\n\nDecember 22, 2018 at 9:07 pm\n\nAbsolutely delish! Best stir fry ive ever made thank you\n\nReply\n\n 14. Christina says\n\nOctober 9, 2018 at 7:10 pm\n\nNagi does it again! Thanks for providing easy, delicious recipes, this one is\ngreat.\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nOctober 12, 2018 at 1:30 pm\n\nThanks Christina! Glad you loved it! N x\n\nReply\n\n 15. LARRY VAN DUSEN says\n\nOctober 5, 2018 at 10:06 am\n\nWell, I followed your recipe for the sauce and was pleasantly surprised\nabsolutely delicious with the fried noodle, thank you so much, I have book\nmarked this\n\nReply\n\n * Nagi says\n\nOctober 5, 2018 at 11:19 am\n\nThat’s terrific Larry! So pleased you enjoyed this, thanks for letting me\nknow! N x\n\nReply\n\n 16. Sue S Larkin says\n\nSeptember 28, 2018 at 1:11 am\n\nI’m having trouble locating the recipe for the Charlie Brown Sauce. Please\nsend\n\nReply\n\n 17. Gary Dohm says\n\nAugust 31, 2018 at 4:37 am\n\nI think your sauce is awesome ! How do I use your sauce recipe when making\npepper steak like I find in Chinese restaurant.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Gary Dohm says\n\nAugust 31, 2018 at 4:32 am\n\nI think your sauce is awesome! How would I use this sauce to make pepper steak\nlike you purchase in chinese restaurant.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Edna Oneal says\n\nAugust 16, 2018 at 5:48 am\n\nWow. It looks delicious. I love stir fried noodles very much. So, I will try\nto make it very soon. Your recipe will help me. Thanks for sharing your\nrecipe.\n\nReply\n\nOlder Comments\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Hi, I'm Nagi!\n\nI believe you can make great food with everyday ingredients even if you’re\nshort on time and cost conscious. You just need to cook clever and get\ncreative! Read More\n\n### Free Recipe eBooks\n\nJoin my free email list to receive THREE free cookbooks!\n\n### Meet Dozer\n\nOfficial taste tester of RecipeTin Eats! Meet Dozer\n\n### Top Posts\n\n## Oven Baked Chicken Breast\n\n## Beef Stroganoff\n\n## Slow Cooker Pork Loin Roast\n\n## Baked Mac and Cheese\n\n## Chicken Cordon Bleu\n\n## Soft No Knead Dinner Rolls\n\n## Quick Asian Beef Ramen Noodles\n\n## Carnitas (Mexican Slow Cooker Pulled Pork)\n\n###### As Featured On\n\n### What's for Dinner?\n\n## Beef Enchiladas\n\n## Butter Chicken\n\n## Chinese Chicken Salad\n\n## Salisbury Steak with Mushroom Gravy\n\n## Vietnamese Coconut Caramel Chicken\n\nFast prep. Big flavours!\n\n### Never miss a recipe\n\nBack to Top\n\nSite Credits Designed by Melissa Rose Design Developed by Once Coupled ©\nRecipeTin Eats 2020 · All Rights Reserved Back to Top\n\n"
}
] |
1,382,210 | How To Not Feel Sleepy | If you’re trying to not feel sleepy, splash cold water on your face to improve circulation. You can also try listening to your favorite music to get energized! Changing your environment by moving to a different room or going for a walk is another way to wake yourself up. Finally, adding foods that are rich in fiber to your diet, like apples or black beans, may help, since fiber gives your body more energy. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512230824/https://lifehacker.com/why-am-i-so-tired-all-the-time-even-when-i-get-enough-s-513134992",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210415143801/https://tinybuddha.com/blog/how-to-deal-with-exhaustion-10-tips-to-function-better-when-youre-tired/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190902210254/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23575360",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190701110901/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/18275549",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20120615225454/http://www.besthealthmag.ca:80/embrace-life/sleep/10-ways-to-not-be-tired?slide=1",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210601062656/https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/953.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170216151434/http://www.webmd.com/balance/features/your-guide-to-never-feeling-tired-again",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161119052704/http://www.webmd.com:80/balance/features/your-guide-to-never-feeling-tired-again?page=2"
] | train | 1,598 | [
{
"original_url": "https://lifehacker.com/why-am-i-so-tired-all-the-time-even-when-i-get-enough-s-513134992",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512230824/https://lifehacker.com/why-am-i-so-tired-all-the-time-even-when-i-get-enough-s-513134992",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Why Am I So Tired All the Time Even When I Get Enough Sleep?",
"passages": [
"When you ask someone how they’re doing, if they don’t throw out the usual “I’m fine,” they’ll probably mention that they’re tired, or even exhausted. So what’s going on? Are we all actually that tired all the time? Have we just stopped sleeping? Though it’s different for every person, if you find that you do get what should be “enough” sleep, but you’re still tired all the time, you’re not alone. Here are some reasons why that might be happening.",
"Dear Lifehacker, I get a good seven to eight hours of sleep every night and exercise at least three times a week, but somehow I still feel tired every day. What’s sapping my energy and what can I do about it?",
"It’s pretty common for people to feel dead tired occasionally, despite following the general formula for sleep and exercise. The most common energy- zapping culprits are poor quality sleep, high stress, and a bad diet. Thankfully these are all mostly temporary, fixable problems. Tiredness or fatigue, however, could also be a symptom of a more serious issue. Let’s take a look at the possible causes for your tiredness so we can narrow it down and come up with a solution for you to feel more energized.",
"The first thing to do is make sure you’re actually sleeping both soundly and long enough. The oft-recommended eight hours of sleep is just a loose guideline, and the perfect amount of sleep varies from person to person. (In fact, too much sleep can lead to tiredness and other problems just as too little sleep might). Your ideal amount of sleep also changes as you get older.",
"To find out how much sleep you personally need, conduct an experiment, moving your bedtime around until you wake up naturally just before your morning alarm. You can also use an app like Shleep to calculate the best time to fall asleep, based on your sleep cycles. The theory is if you wake up in between deep sleep cycles instead of in the middle of one, you’ll feel more refreshed and alert instead of groggy and cranky.",
"Finally, it’s not just how much shut-eye you get but also how well you sleep—the quality of your sleep—that matters. If you constantly wake or toss and turn in the night, your sleep is sabotaged no matter how many hours you get. People who have sleep apnea sleep poorly because of breathing issues, but many people with the condition don’t even know they have it. Here are a few things you can do about the quality of your sleep:",
"You can also practice essential sleep hygiene (ditch the electronics after dark, avoid caffeine and alcohol, etc.) to ensure a better night’s sleep.",
"If poor sleep isn’t your problem, the next thing to look at is your diet. The foods you eat make you more or less productive and energized, since they’re really the fuel for your brain.",
"Some snacks and meals keep you satiated for hours, while others are more likely to cause sugar crashes in a short period of time. Eggs and oranges, for example, are more likely to sustain you than crackers and croissants. So if you’re feeling tired primarily at certain times of the day (afternoon crashes, for example), rather than throughout the day, better snack and meal planning can help create a more high-energy day.",
"Research conducted by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests that diets high in fat can lead to daytime sleepiness and less alertness, so a more balanced diet is highly recommended:",
"Results show that higher fat consumption was associated with increased objective daytime sleepiness, while higher carbohydrate intake was associated with increased alertness. There was no relationship between protein consumption and sleepiness or alertness. These findings were independent of the subjects’ gender, age, and body mass index as well as the total amount of sleep they were getting and their total caloric intake.",
"Finally, don’t forget to drink enough water every day (and make sure you aren’t dehydrating yourself or wrecking your sleep with alcohol and caffeine).",
"If you live with depression and/or anxiety, it could also be contributing to your exhaustion. Depression in particular can cause you to live in a constant state of fatigue. You may have trouble getting out of bed in the morning not only because everything in the world seems hopeless, but also because you’re so damn tired and have no energy. Depression also messes with your sleep cycle and the quality of your sleep.",
"Along the same lines, constant fatigue is also a symptom of generalized anxiety disorder. Gnawing anxiety may be keeping you up at night, or causing you to wake up mid-sleep cycle, so when you wake up in the morning, you don’t feel refreshed. Also, being constantly in fight-or-flight mode is exhausting and uses up a lot of energy. So if you’re always tired and have other symptoms of anxiety and/or depression, you may want to talk to your doctor about it.",
"If you’re burned out, stressed, or even bored, your energy level can drop. If you’re not sure whether you fit into this category, the World Health Organization recently released an official definition of burnout (or as they say, “burn-out”), classifying it as a “factor influencing health status.” Here’s the new definition:",
"Burn-out is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace stress that has not been successfully managed. It is characterized by three dimensions: 1) feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; 2) increased mental distance from one’s job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism related to one’s job; and 3) reduced professional efficacy. Burn-out refers specifically to phenomena in the occupational context and should not be applied to describe experiences in other areas of life.",
"If any of this sounds familiar, you could be experiencing burnout which, understandably, could make you feel very, very tired—even if you’re getting enough sleep.",
"If the above sleep, nutrition, and psychological causes of fatigue don’t apply to you, you’re probably going to want to get a physical. (Even if they’re not, getting a regular physical is a good idea.) Besides lifestyle factors, fatigue can be a sign of a medical issue.",
"The Mayo Clinic lists several medical conditions that could be behind your exhaustion including: anemia (iron deficiency), heart disease, diabetes, thyroid problems and others. Even allergies, vitamin D deficiency, or the medications you’re taking could be making you tired.",
"A full checkup and bloodwork from your doctor can help identify why lacking in energy and what you can do about it. The NIH says:",
"The pattern of fatigue may help your doctor determine its cause. For example, if you wake up in the morning rested but quickly develop fatigue with activity, you may have a condition such as an underactive thyroid. On the other hand, if you wake up with a low level of energy and have fatigue that lasts throughout the day, you may be depressed.",
"If all of this has you worried, don’t fret. The NIH also says that fatigue is a common symptom and usually not due to a serious disease. Just remember to get your checkup, pay attention to your mental health, and adjust your sleep, exercise, relaxation and nutrition habits.",
"This story was originally published in June 2013 and was updated on October 28, 2020 to meet Lifehacker style guidelines.",
"I used to worry that fatigue I experienced during the day was as a result of terrible diseases such as chronic kidney disease or cancer (I work in healthcare, a little information being a dangerous thing and whatnot). Then my g/f and I had a son and I realised that not only did I not have a serious illness, I had never really been fatigued in the first place. Context is king!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Why Am I So Tired All the Time Even When I Get Enough Sleep?\n\n * The A.V. Club\n * Deadspin\n * Gizmodo\n * Jalopnik\n * Jezebel\n * Kotaku\n * Lifehacker\n * The Root\n * The Takeout\n * The Onion\n * The Inventory\n\nDo everything better\n\nShopSubscribe\n\nDo everything better\n\n# Why Am I So Tired All the Time Even When I Get Enough Sleep?\n\nMelanie Pinola\n\nand Elizabeth Yuko\n\n10/28/20 4:30PM\n\n213\n\n18\n\nPhoto: Kite_rin (Shutterstock)\n\nWhen you ask someone how they’re doing, if they don’t throw out the usual “I’m\nfine,” they’ll probably mention that they’re tired, or even exhausted. So\nwhat’s going on? Are we all actually that tired all the time? Have we just\nstopped sleeping? Though it’s different for every person, if you find that you\ndo get what should be “enough” sleep, but you’re still tired all the time,\nyou’re not alone. Here are some reasons why that might be happening.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n—\n\nDear Lifehacker, I get a good seven to eight hours of sleep every night and\nexercise at least three times a week, but somehow I still feel tired every\nday. What’s sapping my energy and what can I do about it?\n\nSigned, Surprisingly Sluggish\n\nDear SS,\n\nIt’s pretty common for people to feel dead tired occasionally, despite\nfollowing the general formula for sleep and exercise. The most common energy-\nzapping culprits are poor quality sleep, high stress, and a bad diet.\nThankfully these are all mostly temporary, fixable problems. Tiredness or\nfatigue, however, could also be a symptom of a more serious issue. Let’s take\na look at the possible causes for your tiredness so we can narrow it down and\ncome up with a solution for you to feel more energized.\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nExclusive for new customers\n\nCaliper CBD\n\nUse the promo code KINJATEN\n\n###### The Ideal Amount of Sleep for Each Age Group, According to the Experts\n\nIt seems like a question that's as old as time itself: \"How much sleep do I\nreally need?\" The...\n\nRead more\n\n### What is your sleep really like?\n\nThe first thing to do is make sure you’re actually sleeping both soundly and\nlong enough. The oft-recommended eight hours of sleep is just a loose\nguideline, and the perfect amount of sleep varies from person to person. (In\nfact, too much sleep can lead to tiredness and other problems just as too\nlittle sleep might). Your ideal amount of sleep also changes as you get older.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTo find out how much sleep you personally need, conduct an experiment, moving\nyour bedtime around until you wake up naturally just before your morning\nalarm. You can also use an app like Shleep to calculate the best time to fall\nasleep, based on your sleep cycles. The theory is if you wake up in between\ndeep sleep cycles instead of in the middle of one, you’ll feel more refreshed\nand alert instead of groggy and cranky.\n\nFinally, it’s not just how much shut-eye you get but also how well you\nsleep—the quality of your sleep—that matters. If you constantly wake or toss\nand turn in the night, your sleep is sabotaged no matter how many hours you\nget. People who have sleep apnea sleep poorly because of breathing issues, but\nmany people with the condition don’t even know they have it. Here are a few\nthings you can do about the quality of your sleep:\n\n * Use sleep tracking technology can help you find out how well you’re really sleeping.\n * You can also practice essential sleep hygiene (ditch the electronics after dark, avoid caffeine and alcohol, etc.) to ensure a better night’s sleep.\n * Also, maintain your sleep schedule every day (yes, even on the weekends).\n\n###### We Reject All Infant Sleep Hacks\n\nI was instructed to come up with one parenting hack that I would like to\nsummarily dismiss in honor\n\nRead more\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### What are you eating and drinking?\n\nIf poor sleep isn’t your problem, the next thing to look at is your diet. The\nfoods you eat make you more or less productive and energized, since they’re\nreally the fuel for your brain.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSome snacks and meals keep you satiated for hours, while others are more\nlikely to cause sugar crashes in a short period of time. Eggs and oranges, for\nexample, are more likely to sustain you than crackers and croissants. So if\nyou’re feeling tired primarily at certain times of the day (afternoon crashes,\nfor example), rather than throughout the day, better snack and meal planning\ncan help create a more high-energy day.\n\nResearch conducted by the American Academy of Sleep Medicine suggests that\ndiets high in fat can lead to daytime sleepiness and less alertness, so a more\nbalanced diet is highly recommended:\n\n> Results show that higher fat consumption was associated with increased\n> objective daytime sleepiness, while higher carbohydrate intake was\n> associated with increased alertness. There was no relationship between\n> protein consumption and sleepiness or alertness. These findings were\n> independent of the subjects’ gender, age, and body mass index as well as the\n> total amount of sleep they were getting and their total caloric intake.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSimilarly, other studies suggest you should eat more natural, unprocessed\ncarbs, even at breakfast.\n\nFinally, don’t forget to drink enough water every day (and make sure you\naren’t dehydrating yourself or wrecking your sleep with alcohol and caffeine).\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### How’s your mental health?\n\nIf you live with depression and/or anxiety, it could also be contributing to\nyour exhaustion. Depression in particular can cause you to live in a constant\nstate of fatigue. You may have trouble getting out of bed in the morning not\nonly because everything in the world seems hopeless, but also because you’re\nso damn tired and have no energy. Depression also messes with your sleep cycle\nand the quality of your sleep.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAlong the same lines, constant fatigue is also a symptom of generalized\nanxiety disorder. Gnawing anxiety may be keeping you up at night, or causing\nyou to wake up mid-sleep cycle, so when you wake up in the morning, you don’t\nfeel refreshed. Also, being constantly in fight-or-flight mode is exhausting\nand uses up a lot of energy. So if you’re always tired and have other symptoms\nof anxiety and/or depression, you may want to talk to your doctor about it.\n\n### Are you experiencing burnout?\n\nIf you’re burned out, stressed, or even bored, your energy level can drop. If\nyou’re not sure whether you fit into this category, the World Health\nOrganization recently released an official definition of burnout (or as they\nsay, “burn-out”), classifying it as a “factor influencing health status.”\nHere’s the new definition:\n\n> Burn-out is a syndrome conceptualized as resulting from chronic workplace\n> stress that has not been successfully managed. It is characterized by three\n> dimensions: 1) feelings of energy depletion or exhaustion; 2) increased\n> mental distance from one’s job, or feelings of negativism or cynicism\n> related to one’s job; and 3) reduced professional efficacy. Burn-out refers\n> specifically to phenomena in the occupational context and should not be\n> applied to describe experiences in other areas of life.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIf any of this sounds familiar, you could be experiencing burnout which,\nunderstandably, could make you feel very, very tired—even if you’re getting\nenough sleep.\n\n###### Get Better Sleep and Start Mornings Strong With the \"10-3-2-1-0\"\nFormula\n\nA productive day starts with a great morning, and you can’t have a great\nmorning if you didn’t get...\n\nRead more\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Get a physical\n\nIf the above sleep, nutrition, and psychological causes of fatigue don’t apply\nto you, you’re probably going to want to get a physical. (Even if they’re not,\ngetting a regular physical is a good idea.) Besides lifestyle factors, fatigue\ncan be a sign of a medical issue.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThe Mayo Clinic lists several medical conditions that could be behind your\nexhaustion including: anemia (iron deficiency), heart disease, diabetes,\nthyroid problems and others. Even allergies, vitamin D deficiency, or the\nmedications you’re taking could be making you tired.\n\nA full checkup and bloodwork from your doctor can help identify why lacking in\nenergy and what you can do about it. The NIH says:\n\n> The pattern of fatigue may help your doctor determine its cause. For\n> example, if you wake up in the morning rested but quickly develop fatigue\n> with activity, you may have a condition such as an underactive thyroid. On\n> the other hand, if you wake up with a low level of energy and have fatigue\n> that lasts throughout the day, you may be depressed.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIf all of this has you worried, don’t fret. The NIH also says that fatigue is\na common symptom and usually not due to a serious disease. Just remember to\nget your checkup, pay attention to your mental health, and adjust your sleep,\nexercise, relaxation and nutrition habits.\n\nSweet dreams.\n\nLove, Lifehacker\n\nThis story was originally published in June 2013 and was updated on October\n28, 2020 to meet Lifehacker style guidelines.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### Share This Story\n\n#### Get our newsletter\n\n### DISCUSSION\n\nRothermere\n\n6/14/13 6:35AM\n\nI used to worry that fatigue I experienced during the day was as a result of\nterrible diseases such as chronic kidney disease or cancer (I work in\nhealthcare, a little information being a dangerous thing and whatnot). Then my\ng/f and I had a son and I realised that not only did I not have a serious\nillness, I had never really been fatigued in the first place. Context is king!\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://tinybuddha.com/blog/how-to-deal-with-exhaustion-10-tips-to-function-better-when-youre-tired/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415143801/https://tinybuddha.com/blog/how-to-deal-with-exhaustion-10-tips-to-function-better-when-youre-tired/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "10 Tips to Function Better When You're Tired",
"passages": [
"I’ve written about ways to get better sleep, and yet I am writing this post from a state of exhaustion.",
"You can have the most calming, zen bedroom, and still toss and turn because of an ache or something on your mind. You can avoid stimulants and start unwinding early in the evening, and still wake up to the sound of a blaring siren at 2:00 AM.",
"Sometimes the best laid plan can fall apart when you can’t seem to remove that pea from under your mattress. It will happen on occasion—hopefully less often than not, but from time to time at best.",
"How can you function when it’s just not possible to call in sick and tired to life? How can you make it through the work day with minimal damage to your health, mood, relationships, and job?",
"I have a few ideas, but first, in the interest of full disclosure: I have more flexibility than the average person might, since I work from home and make my own schedule. Hopefully these ideas represent a balanced mix for people who have flexibility and people who don’t:",
"When you don’t get enough sleep, you compromise your immune system. One thing I like to do when I am particularly exhausted is increase my intake of foods that have the opposite effect.",
"Dark colored produce, like broccoli and berries which are high in antioxidants are a great choice.I also like Emergen-C, a powder supplement you add to water, which boosts energy and bolsters the immune system.",
"If you’re exhausted, there’s a good chance you’re also running late for work. That might make it inconvenient to take public transportation—but it’s better to slink past your boss’ office door at 9:30 or 10:00 than to fall asleep at the wheel.",
"I know because I’ve been there. In 2000, I fell asleep on the highway and crashed into the guardrail. Luckily, no one got hurt, but that’s not always the case. In 2009, as many as 1.9 million Americans had a car accident or close call because of drowsiness.",
"According to David Cloud, head of the National Sleep Foundation in Washington D.C., its possible to fall into a three to four second microsleep without knowing it—which is all the time needed to travel the length of a football field basically unconscious.",
"Fifteen minutes in the sun can increase your vitamin D levels. The vitamin, along with B, is responsible for fighting fatigue. People with deficiencies often experience tiredness, moodiness, aches, and stress. While a little extra sunshine can’t replace the benefits of consistent sleep, soaking in the rays can pep you up a bit.",
"Ever notice how a big, heavy meal makes you want to curl up in the fetal position and check out for an hour or so? Spacing out your meals helps regulate your blood sugar and should also help increase your energy throughout the day.",
"Also, avoid processed, fatty foods, sweets, or foods with refined white carbohydrates. They don’t contain enough nutrients and are easily digested and absorbed, which means you’ll feel energized at first and sluggish shortly after. You’re already tired—why add fuel to the fire?",
"If you drink a lot of caffeine, your body’s response to it will change. You could drink over eight cups and still feel sluggish—but that doesn’t mean you won’t get the headache, irritability, dehydration, and host of other side effects that come with caffeine-overload.",
"Sleep researchers suggest this will help you feel more alert. In a 2007 study of women with breast cancer, increased exposure to bright light during chemotherapy resulted in less fatigue and better sleep.",
"You might feel inclined to confront someone who wronged you when you’re exhausted. Whenever you feel something uncomfortable, it’s tempting to channel it somewhere—to take the feeling and do something with it. Fight the urge. You aren’t thinking clearly enough to have a productive conversation, and you’ll likely say something you regret.",
"In fact, if you have any big meetings scheduled, do your best to push them to another day, even if it ruffles some feathers. According to the National Sleep Foundation, staying awake for 18 hours causes you to function similarly to someone with .08 blood alcohol level. You wouldn’t lead an important meeting drunk—would you?",
"When you’re tired, it’s all too easy to get irritable and moody. You might even have a mini breakdown. (Admission: I’ve cried over ridiculous things when I’ve been extremely exhausted.)",
"Know that this is normal, but plan to combat it. Avoid people or situations that trigger anger or frustration. Use a deep breathing relaxation technique when you feel yourself getting antsy. Anything to keep your nerves calm.",
"If you don’t have a hammock or canopy bed adjacent to your desk, this might not be an option. (Of course this never stopped me when I worked in a corporate environment—I took quite a few naps in my car.)",
"If you can nap, however, the right length is crucial. If you sleep for too short or too long a time, it will work against you. Experts suggest 20 minutes is ideal, since it generally takes 10 minutes to fall asleep and 10 for light, restful sleep. If you can’t fall asleep on demand, you might consider a brainwave entrainment CD (Google it!) to help slow your brainwaves.",
"Most of the time when we don’t get enough sleep, we are directly responsible. Whether you put too much on your plate or stayed up to late, the constant is personal choice. It’s not always the case—if you have a baby, for example. But most of the time, it is.",
"If you recognize that sleep deficiency is causing your problems, set out to address the root cause. Deal with stresses that are keeping you up at night. Change your environment to allow for better sleep. If all else fails, see your doctor to check for health issues that might be affecting your sleep.",
"Your energy, your focus, and your attention are your greatest resources. They’re what you use to make a difference in the world; they’re the best gifts you can give to your friends and family. Protect them as best you can by taking the time you need to recharge.",
"If from time to time you can’t, be gentle with yourself and take even better care than you usually do. A little self-kindness can go a long way in making a bad situation better.",
"Lori Deschene is the founder of Tiny Buddha. She’s also the author of Tiny Buddha’s Gratitude Journal and other books and co-founder of Recreate Your Life Story, an online course that helps you let go of the past and live a life you love. She recently launched a Mindfulness Kit to help reduce our stress and increase our peace and joy. For daily wisdom, join the Tiny Buddha list here. You can also follow Tiny Buddha on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.",
"This site is not intended to provide and does not constitute medical, legal, or other professional advice. The content on Tiny Buddha is designed to support, not replace, medical or psychiatric treatment. Please seek professional care if you believe you may have a condition. Before using the site, please read our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.",
"Though I run this site, it is not mine. It's ours. It's not about me. It's about us. Your stories and your wisdom are just as meaningful as mine. Click here to read more."
]
},
"parsed_md": "10 Tips to Function Better When You're Tired\n\nMenu\n\n * Home\n\n * About\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n * Helpful Free Resources\n * Contact\n * Blog\n\n * happiness & fun\n * love & relationships\n * meaning & passion\n * mindfulness & peace\n * change & challenges\n * letting go\n * healthy habits\n * work fulfillment\n * Tiny Wisdom\n * Quotes\n * Fun & Inspiring\n * Forums\n\n * All forums\n * Topics\n * Register\n * Advertise\n * Submit a Post\n * Shop\n\n * Books & Shirts\n * Mindfulness Kit\n * * Login\n\n# Dealing with Exhaustion: How to Function Better When You’re Tired\n\nBy Lori Deschene\n\nI’ve written about ways to get better sleep, and yet I am writing this post\nfrom a state of exhaustion.\n\nDespite knowing all the right things to do, sometimes it’s difficult to follow\nthrough.\n\nYou can have the most calming, zen bedroom, and still toss and turn because of\nan ache or something on your mind. You can avoid stimulants and start\nunwinding early in the evening, and still wake up to the sound of a blaring\nsiren at 2:00 AM.\n\nSometimes the best laid plan can fall apart when you can’t seem to remove that\npea from under your mattress. It will happen on occasion—hopefully less often\nthan not, but from time to time at best.\n\nHow can you function when it’s just not possible to call in sick and tired to\nlife? How can you make it through the work day with minimal damage to your\nhealth, mood, relationships, and job?\n\nI have a few ideas, but first, in the interest of full disclosure: I have more\nflexibility than the average person might, since I work from home and make my\nown schedule. Hopefully these ideas represent a balanced mix for people who\nhave flexibility and people who don’t:\n\n#### 1\\. Protect your health.\n\nWhen you don’t get enough sleep, you compromise your immune system. One thing\nI like to do when I am particularly exhausted is increase my intake of foods\nthat have the opposite effect.\n\nDark colored produce, like broccoli and berries which are high in antioxidants\nare a great choice.I also like Emergen-C, a powder supplement you add to\nwater, which boosts energy and bolsters the immune system.\n\n#### 2\\. Carpool or take the bus.\n\nIf you’re exhausted, there’s a good chance you’re also running late for work.\nThat might make it inconvenient to take public transportation—but it’s better\nto slink past your boss’ office door at 9:30 or 10:00 than to fall asleep at\nthe wheel.\n\nI know because I’ve been there. In 2000, I fell asleep on the highway and\ncrashed into the guardrail. Luckily, no one got hurt, but that’s not always\nthe case. In 2009, as many as 1.9 million Americans had a car accident or\nclose call because of drowsiness.\n\nAccording to David Cloud, head of the National Sleep Foundation in Washington\nD.C., its possible to fall into a three to four second microsleep without\nknowing it—which is all the time needed to travel the length of a football\nfield basically unconscious.\n\n#### 3\\. Get into the sun.\n\nFifteen minutes in the sun can increase your vitamin D levels. The vitamin,\nalong with B, is responsible for fighting fatigue. People with deficiencies\noften experience tiredness, moodiness, aches, and stress. While a little extra\nsunshine can’t replace the benefits of consistent sleep, soaking in the rays\ncan pep you up a bit.\n\n#### 4\\. Eat several small meals instead of large, heavy ones.\n\nEver notice how a big, heavy meal makes you want to curl up in the fetal\nposition and check out for an hour or so? Spacing out your meals helps\nregulate your blood sugar and should also help increase your energy throughout\nthe day.\n\nAlso, avoid processed, fatty foods, sweets, or foods with refined white\ncarbohydrates. They don’t contain enough nutrients and are easily digested and\nabsorbed, which means you’ll feel energized at first and sluggish shortly\nafter. You’re already tired—why add fuel to the fire?\n\n#### 5\\. Avoid caffeine.\n\nIf you drink a lot of caffeine, your body’s response to it will change. You\ncould drink over eight cups and still feel sluggish—but that doesn’t mean you\nwon’t get the headache, irritability, dehydration, and host of other side\neffects that come with caffeine-overload.\n\nInstead, try an energy boosting food, like almonds, oranges, salmon, spinach,\nor blueberries.\n\n#### 6\\. Spend some time under bright light.\n\nSleep researchers suggest this will help you feel more alert. In a 2007 study\nof women with breast cancer, increased exposure to bright light during\nchemotherapy resulted in less fatigue and better sleep.\n\n#### 7\\. Resist the urge to channel your crankiness.\n\nYou might feel inclined to confront someone who wronged you when you’re\nexhausted. Whenever you feel something uncomfortable, it’s tempting to channel\nit somewhere—to take the feeling and do something with it. Fight the urge. You\naren’t thinking clearly enough to have a productive conversation, and you’ll\nlikely say something you regret.\n\nIn fact, if you have any big meetings scheduled, do your best to push them to\nanother day, even if it ruffles some feathers. According to the National Sleep\nFoundation, staying awake for 18 hours causes you to function similarly to\nsomeone with .08 blood alcohol level. You wouldn’t lead an important meeting\ndrunk—would you?\n\n#### 8\\. Be gentle with yourself.\n\nWhen you’re tired, it’s all too easy to get irritable and moody. You might\neven have a mini breakdown. (Admission: I’ve cried over ridiculous things when\nI’ve been extremely exhausted.)\n\nKnow that this is normal, but plan to combat it. Avoid people or situations\nthat trigger anger or frustration. Use a deep breathing relaxation technique\nwhen you feel yourself getting antsy. Anything to keep your nerves calm.\n\n#### 9\\. Catnap if you can.\n\nIf you don’t have a hammock or canopy bed adjacent to your desk, this might\nnot be an option. (Of course this never stopped me when I worked in a\ncorporate environment—I took quite a few naps in my car.)\n\nIf you can nap, however, the right length is crucial. If you sleep for too\nshort or too long a time, it will work against you. Experts suggest 20 minutes\nis ideal, since it generally takes 10 minutes to fall asleep and 10 for light,\nrestful sleep. If you can’t fall asleep on demand, you might consider a\nbrainwave entrainment CD (Google it!) to help slow your brainwaves.\n\n#### 10\\. Prepare to avoid making the same mistake tonight.\n\nMost of the time when we don’t get enough sleep, we are directly responsible.\nWhether you put too much on your plate or stayed up to late, the constant is\npersonal choice. It’s not always the case—if you have a baby, for example. But\nmost of the time, it is.\n\nIf you recognize that sleep deficiency is causing your problems, set out to\naddress the root cause. Deal with stresses that are keeping you up at night.\nChange your environment to allow for better sleep. If all else fails, see your\ndoctor to check for health issues that might be affecting your sleep.\n\n—\n\nYour energy, your focus, and your attention are your greatest resources.\nThey’re what you use to make a difference in the world; they’re the best gifts\nyou can give to your friends and family. Protect them as best you can by\ntaking the time you need to recharge.\n\nIf from time to time you can’t, be gentle with yourself and take even better\ncare than you usually do. A little self-kindness can go a long way in making a\nbad situation better.\n\nSee more Posts\n\n### About Lori Deschene\n\nLori Deschene is the founder of Tiny Buddha. She’s also the author of Tiny\nBuddha’s Gratitude Journal and other books and co-founder of Recreate Your\nLife Story, an online course that helps you let go of the past and live a life\nyou love. She recently launched a Mindfulness Kit to help reduce our stress\nand increase our peace and joy. For daily wisdom, join the Tiny Buddha list\nhere. You can also follow Tiny Buddha on Facebook, Twitter, and Instagram.\n\n * Web\n\n|\n\n * Twitter\n\n|\n\n * Facebook\n\n|\n\n * More Posts\n\nSee a typo or inaccuracy? Please contact us so we can fix it!\n\n#### Did you enjoy this post? Please share the wisdom :)\n\n### Related posts:\n\nA Guide for Poor Sleepers with Overactive Minds (and a Giveaway!) 9 Ways to\nGet Better Sleep and Prevent Exhaustion How You Made Tiny Buddha Beautiful\nThis Year: Our 2010 in Review\n\n### Translate\n\n### Free Download: Buddha Desktop Wallpaper\n\n### Recent Forum Topics\n\n * Believing in a helpful reality.\n * Day 82 – refreshed & renewed\n * Dealing with Manipulative Ex with Narcisstic qualities\n * Hurting someone in the long run\n * Horrible dilema in relationship and marriage\n * Are you going through what I’m going through?\n * Love\n * Personality changes during sex\n * trying to live with unrelenting shame (maybe I should kill myself)\n * Is it wrong to move on...\n\n### Fun & Inspiring\n\n * #### Being Kind Does Not Mean Accepting Disrespect\n\nGET MORE FUN & INSPIRING IMAGES & VIDEOS.\n\n### Latest Posts\n\n * #### How a Cancer Misdiagnosis Helped Me Face and Heal from Health Anxiety\n\n * #### Why I No Longer Fight for Acknowledgment When Someone Devalues Me\n\n * #### How Happiness Sneaks Up on Us If We Stop Chasing It\n\n * #### How to Create Happiness Outside of a Relationship and Enjoy More of Your Life\n\n * #### Where My Depression Really Came From and What Helped Me Heal\n\n### Disclaimer\n\nThis site is not intended to provide and does not constitute medical, legal,\nor other professional advice. The content on Tiny Buddha is designed to\nsupport, not replace, medical or psychiatric treatment. Please seek\nprofessional care if you believe you may have a condition. Before using the\nsite, please read our Privacy Policy and Terms of Use.\n\nClick to opt-out of Google Analytics tracking.\n\n### Who Runs Tiny Buddha?\n\nThough I run this site, it is not mine. It's ours. It's not about me. It's\nabout us. Your stories and your wisdom are just as meaningful as mine. Click\nhere to read more.\n\n### Get More Tiny Buddha\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Youtube\n * RSS Feed\n\n### Credits & Copyright\n\nHosting by PressLabs Design by Joshua Denney\n\nCopyright © 2021 Tiny Buddha, LLC Think Web Strategy\n\n * Back to Top\n\n×\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23575360",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190902210254/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23575360",
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"original_url": "http://www.besthealthmag.ca:80/embrace-life/sleep/10-ways-to-not-be-tired",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20120615225454/http://www.besthealthmag.ca:80/embrace-life/sleep/10-ways-to-not-be-tired?slide=1",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "10 ways to not be tired",
"passages": [
"Feeling like you could use a nap right about now? Skip the caffeine and sugar—here are 10 simple ways to not be tired",
"Giving your energy level a quick boost can be as easy as taking a deep breath. Dr. Woodson Merrell, author of Power Up, suggests the following: Inhale quietly and slowly, allowing your abdomen to rise, to the count of 4, pause holding the air lightly to the count of 4, exhale slowly, allowing your abdomen to contract, to the count of 6. Repeat four times. The simple act of slow, deep breathing can be incredibly energizing—and relaxing.",
"I agree with the others. This article could have easily fit on one page. I cannot stand this trend of writing lists such as these in slide shows. It is often a factor that keeps me from returning to a website.",
"Agreed, one page for all images. I find the slide programs to be total time wasting annoying stupidity. Bad attempts to display more junk ads. I complain wherever this crap programming occurs."
]
},
"parsed_md": "10 ways to not be tired | Sleep | Embrace Life | Best Health\n\n## Ad Tag leaderboard\n\nAdvertisement \n \n--- \n \n * Login\n * Join the Best Health Community\n\n## utility-menu\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Newsletters\n\n## Top Header Image Ad\n\n * Home\n * Feedback\n\n * home\n * Look Great\n\n * Beauty\n * Hair\n * Makeup\n * Skin\n * Get Healthy\n\n * Allergies\n * A-Z Index\n * Best Health Challenge\n * Blood Pressure\n * Cold and Flu\n * Heart Health\n * Diabetes\n * Fitness\n * Health\n * Home Remedies\n * Best Health for Men\n * Oral Health\n * Prevention\n * Weight Loss\n * Eat Well\n\n * Cooking\n * Diet\n * Healthy Eating\n * Nutrition\n * Recipes\n * Embrace Life\n\n * Home and Family\n * Life and Work\n * Mental Health\n * Pet Health\n * Relationships\n * Sleep\n * Wellness\n * Green Living\n * Swap and Drop\n\n * Special Features\n\n * BH Challenge\n * Blog Awards\n * Store\n * Magazine\n\n * Browse current issue\n * Subscribe\n\n * Give a Gift\n * Product Testers\n\n## Subscribe Text\n\nSubscribe to Best Health Magazine today and save over 55% off the cover price!\n\n * Home > Embrace Life > Sleep > 10 ways to not be tired\n\n## 10 ways to not be tired\n\nFeeling like you could use a nap right about now? Skip the caffeine and\nsugar—here are 10 simple ways to not be tired\n\nPrevious Slide 1 of 10 Next\n\nWeb exclusive, August 2010\n\n### 1\\. Take a deep breath\n\nGiving your energy level a quick boost can be as easy as taking a deep breath.\nDr. Woodson Merrell, author of Power Up, suggests the following: Inhale\nquietly and slowly, allowing your abdomen to rise, to the count of 4, pause\nholding the air lightly to the count of 4, exhale slowly, allowing your\nabdomen to contract, to the count of 6. Repeat four times. The simple act of\nslow, deep breathing can be incredibly energizing—and relaxing.\n\n * [View]\n\n * Print\n * Send to a friend\n * Bookmark\n * Del.icio.us\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n\n5 Comments\n\nI agree with the others. This article could have easily fit on one page. I\ncannot stand this trend of writing lists such as these in slide shows. It is\noften a factor that keeps me from returning to a website.\n\nSubmitted by Misty on Mon, 2012-02-06 10:02pm.\n\nThanks for your thoughts, Hugh and Ime. We appreciate the feedback and will\ntake your comments into consideration.\n\nSubmitted by Jennifer Goldberg, web editor, Best Health on Mon, 2010-08-09\n12:11pm.\n\nAgreed, one page for all images. I find the slide programs to be total time\nwasting annoying stupidity. Bad attempts to display more junk ads. I complain\nwherever this crap programming occurs.\n\nSubmitted by Hugh on Mon, 2010-08-09 9:03am.\n\nOh you can go wrong w a spinach salad once a day - Kidney stones anyone! lol\n\nSubmitted by elizabeth on Mon, 2010-08-09 5:37am.\n\n10 freaking slides how about all on one page?\n\nSubmitted by Ime on Mon, 2010-08-09 12:17am.\n\n## Lifestyle & Magzine\n\n# New in Lifestyle\n\n# New in Lifestyle\n\n * World's most extreme but stunning places\n * Is Canada the best country to be a woman?\n * How to bond with Dad this Father's Day\n * Weird food combinations that work\n\n## Recent Feature Block\n\n# Recent Feature\n\n## 7 tips to create a healthy sleep routine\n\nThe first step toward a good night's sleep is establishing a healthy... »\n\n## 6 soothing yoga poses to help you sleep\n\nBoost relaxation and beat insomnia by soothing your mind and body before... »\n\n## Do you need an over-the-counter sleep aid?\n\nFor occasional insomnia, these over-the-counter sleep remedies can help... »\n\n## Could a sleep lab benefit you?\n\nPlagued by insomnia? Spending the night being observed in a sleep lab can... »\n\n## 6 tips for a good night's sleep\n\nTossing and turning all night? Try these sleep strategies from a leading... »\n\n## 10 ways to achieve deep sleep\n\nSleep deprivation can affect everything from your memory to your immune... »\n\n## Is Canada addicted to sleeping pills?\n\nPharmacists in Canada fill as many as 5.6 million prescriptions for... »\n\n## Can a smart phone app help you sleep?\n\nThere are hundreds of sleep apps on the market, all claiming to help you... »\n\n## 6 ways to sleep better during the holidays\n\nGive yourself a healthy gift this season: A good night’s rest so you can... »\n\n## 6 ways to improve your sleep hygiene\n\nMaintaining a good sleep routine is the best way to ensure you get a good... »\n\n## How sleep affects your health\n\nResearch shows that poor sleep habits can lead to more than just a case of...\n»\n\n## How to start a back-to-school sleep schedule\n\nAs summer winds down, it's time to ease kids back into their early morning...\n»\n\n## 5 sleep mistakes and how to avoid them\n\nAre you getting the best night's sleep possible? Here's how to avoid... »\n\n## 10 reasons you feel so tired\n\nStill feeling sluggish after your third cup of coffee? Your lifestyle may... »\n\n## 10 reasons why you need more sleep\n\nFrom dull skin to mood swings, too little shut-eye can seriously damage... »\n\n## 10 ways to sleep better tonight\n\nTired of feeling tired? Here are 10 things you can do today to help... »\n\n## How technology can ruin your family's sleep\n\nComputers, televisions and cellphones can get in the way of getting a good...\n»\n\n## 6 easy ways to improve your sleep\n\nYou might be surprised to find out just how significant these simple... »\n\n## Quiz: What's your sleep style?\n\nBefore you can improve your sleeping habits, you need to determine what... »\n\n## Sleep eating: Could a strange disorder be sabotaging your sleep?\n\nMore than just a midnight snack, sleep eating is a condition that could be...\n»\n\n## Hot From The Blog\n\n * News: Is this new celeb health trend dangerous?\n * Debate: Would you take a pill that motivates you to exercise more?\n * Fashion: Chic hats that double as sun protection\n\n## Editors Pick\n\n * Stay healthy while exercising in the heat\n * 7 ways to stay cool without AC\n * 9 healthy hydrating foods\n * Natural remedies for bug bites, hives and itching\n * 7 spices that heal\n\n## Must reads\n\n * Natural home remedies for anxiety\n * Is it worth it to buy eco-friendly workout wear?\n * How healthy are the eggs you're eating?\n * 7 herbal teas that will make you healthier\n * How to rescue a pet\n\n## Slideshow Blog\n\n3 easy BBQ grill recipes\n\nCanada's top Paralympic athletes\n\n7 easy ways to cut the salt out of your diet\n\n## Ad Tag bigbox\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Contests\n\n## Contests\n\nView all »\n\nEnter today for a chance to win a top-of-the-line BBQ grill from Weber!\n\nWIN THE BEST!\n\nEnter for your chance to be 1 of 4 lucky readers to WIN over $400 in amazing\nprizes.\n\nSign-up and you could WIN!\n\nEnter to win one of three (3) Curel prize packs\n\nShare your Tips and you could WIN!\n\nEnter to win one of three (3) Mederma prize packs\n\nThe Best Health ATM\n\nEnter for a chance to win fabulous cash prizes totalling $100,000.00.\n\n## Top Emailed\n\n * The 5 worst energy zappers and how to ... »\n * Ulcers (Peptic) »\n * 7 spices that heal »\n * Acid Reflux (Gastroesophageal Reflux ... »\n * 8 yoga moves to boost your energy »\n\n## Shop Best Health\n\n## Community\n\n * News: Is this new celeb health trend dangerous?Jun 15, 2012\n * Is it possible to be addicted to tanning?Jun 15, 2012\n * Grilled Sesame-Tofu SaladJun 14, 2012\n * Debate: Would you take a pill that motivates you to exercise more?Jun 14, 2012\n * Tangy Radish and Beet ColeslawJun 14, 2012\n\n## Recipe Search 2\n\n## Healthy recipe search\n\n * [Configure]\n\nnbsp;\n\n * home\n * Look Great\n\n * Beauty\n * Hair\n * Makeup\n * Skin\n * Get Healthy\n\n * Allergies\n * A-Z Index\n * Best Health Challenge\n * Blood Pressure\n * Cold and Flu\n * Heart Health\n * Diabetes\n * Fitness\n * Health\n * Home Remedies\n * Best Health for Men\n * Oral Health\n * Prevention\n * Weight Loss\n * Eat Well\n\n * Cooking\n * Diet\n * Healthy Eating\n * Nutrition\n * Recipes\n * Embrace Life\n\n * Home and Family\n * Life and Work\n * Mental Health\n * Pet Health\n * Relationships\n * Sleep\n * Wellness\n * Green Living\n * Swap and Drop\n\n * Special Features\n\n * BH Challenge\n * Blog Awards\n * Store\n * Magazine\n\n * Browse current issue\n * Subscribe\n\n * Give a Gift\n * Product Testers\n\nAdvertise\n\nBest Health Magazine © 2012 Reader's Digest Magazines (Canada) Ltd.\n\n## footermenu\n\n * About Us\n * Customer Care\n * Privacy\n * Subscribe\n * Français\n * Reader's Digest Canada Recipes\n * RSS\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/953.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210601062656/https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/953.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Ashwagandha: MedlinePlus Supplements",
"passages": [
"Ashwagandha is a small evergreen shrub. It grows in India, the Middle East, and parts of Africa. The root and berry are used to make medicine.",
"Ashwagandha is commonly used for stress. It is also used as an \"adaptogen\" for many other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support these other uses.",
"Don't confuse ashwagandha with Physalis alkekengi. Both are known as winter cherry. Also, don't confuse ashwagandha with American ginseng, Panax ginseng, or eleuthero.",
"Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): There is no good evidence to support using ashwagandha for COVID-19. Follow healthy lifestyle choices and proven prevention methods instead.",
"Stress. Some research shows that taking a specific ashwagandha root extract (KSM66, Ixoreal Biomed) 300 mg twice daily after food or another specific extract (Shoden, Arjuna Natural Ltd.) 240 mg daily for 60 days appears to improve symptoms of stress.",
"Aging. Early research shows that taking ashwagandha root extract helps to improve well-being, sleep quality, and mental alertness by small to moderate amounts in people aged 65-80 years.",
"Metabolic side effects caused by antipsychotic drugs. Antipsychotics are used to treat schizophrenia but they can cause levels of fat and sugar in the blood to increase. Taking a specific ashwagandha extract (Cap Strelaxin, M/s Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd.) 400 mg three times daily for one month might reduce levels of fat and sugar in the blood in people using these medications.",
"Athletic performance. Some research shows that taking ashwagandha helps with how much oxygen the body can use during exercise. But it isn't known if this helps to improve performance.",
"Bipolar disorder. Taking a specific ashwagandha extract (Sensoril, Natreon, Inc.) for 8 weeks might improve brain function in people being treated for bipolar disorder.",
"Tiredness in people treated with cancer drugs. Early research suggests taking a specific ashwagandha extract 2000 mg (Himalaya Drug Co, New Delhi, India) during chemotherapy treatment might reduce feelings of tiredness.",
"A type of persistent anxiety marked by exaggerated worry and tension (generalized anxiety disorder or GAD). Some early clinical research shows that taking ashwagandha can reduce some symptoms of anxiety.",
"Underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). People with underactive thyroid have high blood levels of a hormone called thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). People with underactive thyroid can also have low levels of thyroid hormone. Taking ashwagandha seems to lower TSH and increase thyroid hormone levels in people with a mild form of underactive thyroid.",
"Conditions in a man that prevent him from getting a woman pregnant within a year of trying to conceive (male infertility).Some early research shows that ashwagandha might improve sperm quality and sperm count in infertile men. But it isn't clear if ashwagandha can actually improve fertility.",
"A type of anxiety marked by recurrent thoughts and repetitive behaviors (obsessive-compulsive disorder or OCD). Early research shows that ashwagandha root extract might reduce symptoms of OCD when taken with prescribed medications for 6 weeks.",
"Sexual problems that prevent satisfaction during sexual activity. Early research shows that taking ashwagandha extract daily for 8 weeks along with receiving counseling increases interest in sex and sexual satisfaction in adult women with sexual dysfunction better than counseling alone.",
"Ashwagandha contains chemicals that might help calm the brain, reduce swelling (inflammation), lower blood pressure, and alter the immune system.",
"When taken by mouth: Ashwagandha is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken for up to 3 months. The long-term safety of ashwagandha is not known. Large doses of ashwagandha might cause stomach upset, diarrhea, and vomiting. Rarely, liver problems might occur.",
"When applied to the skin: There isn't enough reliable information to know if ashwagandha is safe or what the side effects might be.",
"Pregnancy and breast-feeding: It is LIKELY UNSAFE to use ashwagandha when pregnant. There is some evidence that ashwagandha might cause miscarriages. There isn't enough reliable information to know if ashwagandha is safe to use when breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.",
"\"Auto-immune diseases\" such as multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus (systemic lupus erythematosus, SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or other conditions: Ashwagandha might cause the immune system to become more active, and this could increase the symptoms of auto-immune diseases. If you have one of these conditions, it's best to avoid using ashwagandha.",
"Surgery: Ashwagandha may slow down the central nervous system. Healthcare providers worry that anesthesia and other medications during and after surgery might increase this effect. Stop taking ashwagandha at least 2 weeks before a scheduled surgery.",
"Thyroid disorders: Ashwagandha might increase thyroid hormone levels. Ashwagandha should be used cautiously or avoided if you have a thyroid condition or take thyroid hormone medications.",
"Ashwagandha might decrease blood sugar levels. Diabetes medications are also used to lower blood sugar. Taking ashwagandha along with diabetes medications might cause your blood sugar to go too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely. The dose of your diabetes medication might need to be changed.",
"Some medications used for diabetes include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide (DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, metformin (Glucophage), pioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese), glipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase), and others.",
"Ashwagandha might lower blood pressure. Taking ashwagandha with medications used to treat high blood pressure might cause blood pressure levels to go to low.",
"Some medications for high blood pressure include captopril (Capoten), enalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem (Cardizem), amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL), furosemide (Lasix), and many others.",
"Ashwagandha seems to make the immune system more active. Taking ashwagandha along with medications that decrease the immune system might decrease the effectiveness of these medications.",
"Some medications that decrease the immune system include azathioprine (Imuran), basiliximab (Simulect), cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune), daclizumab (Zenapax), muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, Orthoclone OKT3), mycophenolate (CellCept), tacrolimus (FK506, Prograf), sirolimus (Rapamune), prednisone (Deltasone, Orasone), corticosteroids (glucocorticoids), and others.",
"Ashwagandha might cause sleepiness and drowsiness. Drugs that cause sleepiness and drowsiness are called sedatives. Taking ashwagandha along with sedative medications might cause too much sleepiness.",
"Some of these sedative medications include clonazepam (Klonopin), diazepam (Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), alprazolam (Xanax), flurazepam (Dalmane), midazolam (Versed), and others.",
"Ashwagandha might cause sleepiness and drowsiness. Medications that cause sleepiness are called sedatives. Taking ashwagandha along with sedative medications might cause too much sleepiness.",
"The body naturally produces thyroid hormones. Ashwagandha might increase how much thyroid hormone the body produces. Taking ashwagandha with thyroid hormone pills might cause too much thyroid hormone in the body, and increase the effects and side effects of thyroid hormone.\nAre there interactions with herbs and supplements?",
"Ashwagandha might lower blood pressure. Combining ashwagandha with other herbs and supplements that also lower blood pressure might cause blood pressure to go to low. Some herbs and supplements of this type include andrographis, casein peptides, cat's claw, coenzyme Q-10, fish oil, L-arginine, lyceum, stinging nettle, theanine, and others.\nHerbs and supplements with sedative properties",
"Ashwagandha can act like a sedative. That is, it can cause sleepiness. Using it along with other herbs and supplements that also act like sedatives might cause too much sleepiness. Some of these include 5-HTP, calamus, California poppy, catnip, hops, Jamaican dogwood, kava, St. John's wort, skullcap, valerian, yerba mansa, and others.\nAre there interactions with foods?",
"For stress: Ashwagandha root extract 300 mg twice daily after food (KSM66, Ixoreal Biomed) or 240 mg daily (Shoden, Arjuna Natural Ltd.) for 60 days.",
"Deshpande A, Irani N, Balkrishnan R, Benny IR. A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study to evaluate the effects of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep quality in healthy adults. Sleep Med. 2020;72:28-36. View abstract.",
"Fuladi S, Emami SA, Mohammadpour AH, Karimani A, Manteghi AA, Sahebkar A. Assessment of Withania somnifera root extract efficacy in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2020. View abstract.",
"Björnsson HK, Björnsson ES, Avula B, et al. Ashwagandha-induced liver injury: A case series from Iceland and the US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network. Liver Int. 2020;40:825-829. View abstract.",
"Durg S, Bavage S, Shivaram SB. Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng) in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of scientific evidence from experimental research to clinical application. Phytother Res. 2020;34:1041-1059. View abstract.",
"Kelgane SB, Salve J, Sampara P, Debnath K. Efficacy and tolerability of ashwagandha root extract in the elderly for improvement of general well-being and sleep: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Cureus. 2020;12:e7083. View abstract.",
"Salve J, Pate S, Debnath K, Langade D. Adaptogenic and anxiolytic effects of ashwagandha root extract in healthy adults: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study. Cureus. 2019;11:e6466. View abstract.",
"Lopresti AL, Smith SJ, Malvi H, Kodgule R. An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98:e17186. View abstract.",
"Sharma AK, Basu I, Singh S. Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha root extract in subclinical hypothyroid patients: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2018 Mar;24:243-248. View abstract.",
"Kumar G, Srivastava A, Sharma SK, Rao TD, Gupta YK. Efficacy and safety evaluation of ayurvedic treatment (ashwagandha powder and sidh makardhwaj) in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a pilot perspective study. Indian J Med Res 2015 Jan;141:100-6. View abstract.",
"Dongre S, Langade D, Bhattacharyya S. Efficacy and safety of ashwagandha (withania somnifera) root extract in improving sexual function in women: a pilot study. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:284154.View abstract.",
"Jahanbakhsh SP, Manteghi AA, Emami SA, Mahyari S, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of withania somnifera (ashwagandha) root extract in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2016 Aug;27:25-9.View abstract.",
"Choudhary D, Bhattacharyya S, Joshi K. Body weight management in adults under chronic stress through treatment with ashwagandha root extract: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2017 Jan;22:96-106 View abstract.",
"Sud Khyati S, Thaker B. A randomized double blind placebo controlled study of ashwagandha on generalized anxiety disorder. Int Ayurvedic Med J 2013;1:1-7.",
"Chengappa KN, Bowie CR, Schlicht PJ, Fleet D, Brar JS, Jindal R. Randomized placebo-controlled adjunctive study of an extract of withania somnifera for cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74:1076-83. View abstract.",
"Chandrasekhar K, Kapoor J, Anishetty S. A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian J Psychol Med. 2012;34:255-62. View abstract.",
"Biswal BM, Sulaiman SA, Ismail HC, Zakaria H, Musa KI. Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on the development of chemotherapy-induced fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Integr Cancer Ther. 2013;12:312-22. View abstract.",
"Agnihotri AP, Sontakke SD, Thawani VR, Saoji A, Goswami VS. Effects of Withania somnifera in patients of schizophrenia: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled pilot trial study. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013;45:417-8. View abstract.",
"Anbalagan K and Sadique J. Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), a rejuvenating herbal drug which controls alpha-2 macroglobulin synthesis during inflammation. Int.J.Crude Drug Res. 1985;23:177-183.",
"Venkataraghavan S, Seshadri C, Sundaresan TP, and et al. The comparative effect of milk fortified with Aswagandha, Aswagandha and Punarnava in children - a double-blind study. J Res Ayur Sid 1980;1:370-385.",
"Ghosal S, Lal J, Srivastava R, and et al. Immunomodulatory and CNS effects of sitoindosides 9 and 10, two new glycowithanolides from Withania somnifera. Phytotherapy Research 1989;3:201-206.",
"Upadhaya L and et al. Role of an indigenous drug Geriforte on blood levels of biogenic amines and its significance in the treatment of anxiety neurosis. Acta Nerv Super 1990;32:1-5.",
"Ahumada F, Aspee F, Wikman G, and et al. Withania somnifera extract. Its effect on arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized dogs. Phytotherapy Research 1991;5:111-114.",
"Kuppurajan K, Rajagopalan SS, Sitoraman R, and et al. Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) on the process of ageing on human volunteers. Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Siddha 1980;1:247-258.",
"Begum, V. H. and Sadique, J. Long term effect of herbal drug Withania somnifera on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 1988;26:877-882. View abstract.",
"Sehgal, V. N., Verma, P., and Bhattacharya, S. N. Fixed-drug eruption caused by ashwagandha (Withania somnifera): a widely used Ayurvedic drug. Skinmed. 2012;10:48-49. View abstract.",
"Malviya, N., Jain, S., Gupta, V. B., and Vyas, S. Recent studies on aphrodisiac herbs for the management of male sexual dysfunction--a review. Acta Pol.Pharm. 2011;68:3-8. View abstract.",
"Ven Murthy, M. R., Ranjekar, P. K., Ramassamy, C., and Deshpande, M. Scientific basis for the use of Indian ayurvedic medicinal plants in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders: ashwagandha. Cent.Nerv.Syst.Agents Med.Chem. 9-1-2010;10:238-246. View abstract.",
"Tohda, C. [Overcoming several neurodegenerative diseases by traditional medicines: the development of therapeutic medicines and unraveling pathophysiological mechanisms]. Yakugaku Zasshi 2008;128:1159-1167. View abstract.",
"Deocaris, C. C., Widodo, N., Wadhwa, R., and Kaul, S. C. Merger of ayurveda and tissue culture-based functional genomics: inspirations from systems biology. J.Transl.Med. 2008;6:14. View abstract.",
"Gupta, S. K., Dua, A., and Vohra, B. P. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) attenuates antioxidant defense in aged spinal cord and inhibits copper induced lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modifications. Drug Metabol.Drug Interact. 2003;19:211-222. View abstract.",
"Bhattacharya, S. K. and Muruganandam, A. V. Adaptogenic activity of Withania somnifera: an experimental study using a rat model of chronic stress. Pharmacol Biochem.Behav 2003;75:547-555. View abstract.",
"Panda S, Kar A. Changes in thyroid hormone concentrations after administration of ashwagandha root extract to adult male mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 1998;50:1065-68. View abstract.",
"Panda S, Kar A. Withania somnifera and Bauhinia purpurea in the regulation of circulating thyroid hormone concentrations in female mice. J Ethnopharmacol 1999;67:233-39. View abstract.",
"Kulkarni RR, Patki PS, Jog VP, et al. Treatment of osteoarthritis with a herbomineral formulation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. J Ethnopharmacol 1991;33:91-5. View abstract.",
"Ahmad MK, Mahdi AA, Shukla KK, et al. Withania somnifera improves semen quality by regulating reproductive hormone levels and oxidative stress in seminal plasma of infertile males. Fertil Steril 2010;94:989-96. View abstract.",
"Sriranjini SJ, Pal PK, Devidas KV, Ganpathy S. Improvement of balance in progressive degenerative cerebellar ataxias after Ayurvedic therapy: a preliminary report. Neurol India 2009;57:166-71. View abstract.",
"Katz M, Levine AA, Kol-Degani H, Kav-Venaki L. A compound herbal preparation (CHP) in the treatment of children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. J Atten Disord 2010;14:281-91. View abstract.",
"Cooley K, Szczurko O, Perri D, et al. Naturopathic care for anxiety: a randomized controlled trial ISRC TN78958974. PLoS One 2009;4:e6628. View abstract.",
"Dasgupta A, Tso G, Wells A. Effect of Asian ginseng, Siberian ginseng, and Indian ayurvedic medicine Ashwagandha on serum digoxin measurement by Digoxin III, a new digoxin immunoassay. J Clin Lab Anal 2008;22:295-301. View abstract.",
"Dasgupta A, Peterson A, Wells A, Actor JK. Effect of Indian Ayurvedic medicine Ashwagandha on measurement of serum digoxin and 11 commonly monitored drugs using immunoassays: study of protein binding and interaction with Digibind. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007;131:1298-303. View abstract.",
"Mishra LC, Singh BB, Dagenais S. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha): a review. Altern Med Rev 2000;5:334-46. View abstract.",
"Nagashayana N, Sankarankutty P, Nampoothiri MRV, et al. Association of l-DOPA with recovery following Ayurveda medication in Parkinson's Disease. J Neurol Sci 2000;176:124-7. View abstract.",
"Davis L, Kuttan G. Suppressive effect of cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity by Withania somnifera extract in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 1998;62:209-14. View abstract.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Ashwagandha: MedlinePlus Supplements\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nDrugs, Herbs and Supplements →\n\nHerbs and Supplements →\n\nAshwagandha\n\nURL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/druginfo/natural/953.html\n\n# Ashwagandha\n\n * What is it?\n * How effective is it?\n * How does it work?\n * Are there safety concerns?\n * Are there interactions with medications?\n * Are there interactions with herbs and supplements?\n * Are there interactions with foods?\n * What dose is used?\n * Other names\n * Methodology\n * References\n\n## What is it?\n\nAshwagandha is a small evergreen shrub. It grows in India, the Middle East,\nand parts of Africa. The root and berry are used to make medicine.\n\nAshwagandha is commonly used for stress. It is also used as an \"adaptogen\" for\nmany other conditions, but there is no good scientific evidence to support\nthese other uses.\n\nDon't confuse ashwagandha with Physalis alkekengi. Both are known as winter\ncherry. Also, don't confuse ashwagandha with American ginseng, Panax ginseng,\nor eleuthero.\n\nCoronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): There is no good evidence to support\nusing ashwagandha for COVID-19. Follow healthy lifestyle choices and proven\nprevention methods instead.\n\n## How effective is it?\n\nNatural Medicines Comprehensive Database rates effectiveness based on\nscientific evidence according to the following scale: Effective, Likely\nEffective, Possibly Effective, Possibly Ineffective, Likely Ineffective,\nIneffective, and Insufficient Evidence to Rate.\n\nThe effectiveness ratings for ASHWAGANDHA are as follows:\n\n### Possibly effective for...\n\n * Stress. Some research shows that taking a specific ashwagandha root extract (KSM66, Ixoreal Biomed) 300 mg twice daily after food or another specific extract (Shoden, Arjuna Natural Ltd.) 240 mg daily for 60 days appears to improve symptoms of stress.\n\n### Insufficient evidence to rate effectiveness for...\n\n * Aging. Early research shows that taking ashwagandha root extract helps to improve well-being, sleep quality, and mental alertness by small to moderate amounts in people aged 65-80 years.\n * Metabolic side effects caused by antipsychotic drugs. Antipsychotics are used to treat schizophrenia but they can cause levels of fat and sugar in the blood to increase. Taking a specific ashwagandha extract (Cap Strelaxin, M/s Pharmanza Herbal Pvt. Ltd.) 400 mg three times daily for one month might reduce levels of fat and sugar in the blood in people using these medications.\n * Anxiety. Some early research shows that taking ashwagandha can reduce some symptoms of anxious mood.\n * Athletic performance. Some research shows that taking ashwagandha helps with how much oxygen the body can use during exercise. But it isn't known if this helps to improve performance.\n * Bipolar disorder. Taking a specific ashwagandha extract (Sensoril, Natreon, Inc.) for 8 weeks might improve brain function in people being treated for bipolar disorder.\n * Tiredness in people treated with cancer drugs. Early research suggests taking a specific ashwagandha extract 2000 mg (Himalaya Drug Co, New Delhi, India) during chemotherapy treatment might reduce feelings of tiredness.\n * Diabetes. There is some evidence that ashwagandha might reduce blood sugar levels in people with diabetes.\n * A type of persistent anxiety marked by exaggerated worry and tension (generalized anxiety disorder or GAD). Some early clinical research shows that taking ashwagandha can reduce some symptoms of anxiety.\n * High cholesterol. There is some evidence that ashwagandha might reduce cholesterol levels in patients with high cholesterol.\n * Underactive thyroid (hypothyroidism). People with underactive thyroid have high blood levels of a hormone called thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH). People with underactive thyroid can also have low levels of thyroid hormone. Taking ashwagandha seems to lower TSH and increase thyroid hormone levels in people with a mild form of underactive thyroid.\n * Insomnia. Some research shows that taking ashwagandha might help people sleep better.\n * Conditions in a man that prevent him from getting a woman pregnant within a year of trying to conceive (male infertility).Some early research shows that ashwagandha might improve sperm quality and sperm count in infertile men. But it isn't clear if ashwagandha can actually improve fertility.\n * A type of anxiety marked by recurrent thoughts and repetitive behaviors (obsessive-compulsive disorder or OCD). Early research shows that ashwagandha root extract might reduce symptoms of OCD when taken with prescribed medications for 6 weeks.\n * Sexual problems that prevent satisfaction during sexual activity. Early research shows that taking ashwagandha extract daily for 8 weeks along with receiving counseling increases interest in sex and sexual satisfaction in adult women with sexual dysfunction better than counseling alone.\n * Attention deficit-hyperactivity disorder (ADHD).\n * Brain damage that affects muscle movement (cerebellar ataxia).\n * Osteoarthritis.\n * Parkinson disease.\n * Rheumatoid arthritis (RA).\n * Altering immune system function.\n * Fibromyalgia.\n * Inducing vomiting.\n * Liver problems.\n * Swelling (inflammation).\n * Tumors.\n * Tuberculosis.\n * Ulcerations, when applied to the skin.\n * Other conditions.\n\nMore evidence is needed to rate the effectiveness of ashwagandha for these\nuses.\n\n## How does it work?\n\nAshwagandha contains chemicals that might help calm the brain, reduce swelling\n(inflammation), lower blood pressure, and alter the immune system.\n\n## Are there safety concerns?\n\nWhen taken by mouth: Ashwagandha is POSSIBLY SAFE when taken for up to 3\nmonths. The long-term safety of ashwagandha is not known. Large doses of\nashwagandha might cause stomach upset, diarrhea, and vomiting. Rarely, liver\nproblems might occur.\n\nWhen applied to the skin: There isn't enough reliable information to know if\nashwagandha is safe or what the side effects might be.\n\n#### Special precautions & warnings:\n\nPregnancy and breast-feeding: It is LIKELY UNSAFE to use ashwagandha when\npregnant. There is some evidence that ashwagandha might cause miscarriages.\nThere isn't enough reliable information to know if ashwagandha is safe to use\nwhen breast-feeding. Stay on the safe side and avoid use.\n\n\"Auto-immune diseases\" such as multiple sclerosis (MS), lupus (systemic lupus\nerythematosus, SLE), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), or other conditions:\nAshwagandha might cause the immune system to become more active, and this\ncould increase the symptoms of auto-immune diseases. If you have one of these\nconditions, it's best to avoid using ashwagandha.\n\nSurgery: Ashwagandha may slow down the central nervous system. Healthcare\nproviders worry that anesthesia and other medications during and after surgery\nmight increase this effect. Stop taking ashwagandha at least 2 weeks before a\nscheduled surgery.\n\nThyroid disorders: Ashwagandha might increase thyroid hormone levels.\nAshwagandha should be used cautiously or avoided if you have a thyroid\ncondition or take thyroid hormone medications.\n\n## Are there interactions with medications?\n\nModerate\n\n Be cautious with this combination.\nMedications for diabetes (Antidiabetes drugs)\n\n \n\nAshwagandha might decrease blood sugar levels. Diabetes medications are also\nused to lower blood sugar. Taking ashwagandha along with diabetes medications\nmight cause your blood sugar to go too low. Monitor your blood sugar closely.\nThe dose of your diabetes medication might need to be changed.\n\nSome medications used for diabetes include glimepiride (Amaryl), glyburide\n(DiaBeta, Glynase PresTab, Micronase), insulin, metformin (Glucophage),\npioglitazone (Actos), rosiglitazone (Avandia), chlorpropamide (Diabinese),\nglipizide (Glucotrol), tolbutamide (Orinase), and others.\n\nMedications for high blood pressure (Antihypertensive drugs)\n\n \n\nAshwagandha might lower blood pressure. Taking ashwagandha with medications\nused to treat high blood pressure might cause blood pressure levels to go to\nlow.\n\nSome medications for high blood pressure include captopril (Capoten),\nenalapril (Vasotec), losartan (Cozaar), valsartan (Diovan), diltiazem\n(Cardizem), amlodipine (Norvasc), hydrochlorothiazide (HydroDIURIL),\nfurosemide (Lasix), and many others.\n\nMedications that decrease the immune system (Immunosuppressants)\n\n \n\nAshwagandha seems to make the immune system more active. Taking ashwagandha\nalong with medications that decrease the immune system might decrease the\neffectiveness of these medications.\n\nSome medications that decrease the immune system include azathioprine\n(Imuran), basiliximab (Simulect), cyclosporine (Neoral, Sandimmune),\ndaclizumab (Zenapax), muromonab-CD3 (OKT3, Orthoclone OKT3), mycophenolate\n(CellCept), tacrolimus (FK506, Prograf), sirolimus (Rapamune), prednisone\n(Deltasone, Orasone), corticosteroids (glucocorticoids), and others.\n\nSedative medications (Benzodiazepines)\n\n \n\nAshwagandha might cause sleepiness and drowsiness. Drugs that cause sleepiness\nand drowsiness are called sedatives. Taking ashwagandha along with sedative\nmedications might cause too much sleepiness.\n\nSome of these sedative medications include clonazepam (Klonopin), diazepam\n(Valium), lorazepam (Ativan), alprazolam (Xanax), flurazepam (Dalmane),\nmidazolam (Versed), and others.\n\nSedative medications (CNS depressants)\n\n \n\nAshwagandha might cause sleepiness and drowsiness. Medications that cause\nsleepiness are called sedatives. Taking ashwagandha along with sedative\nmedications might cause too much sleepiness.\n\nSome sedative medications include clonazepam (Klonopin), lorazepam (Ativan),\nphenobarbital (Donnatal), zolpidem (Ambien), and others.\n\nThyroid hormone\n\n The body naturally produces thyroid hormones. Ashwagandha might increase how much thyroid hormone the body produces. Taking ashwagandha with thyroid hormone pills might cause too much thyroid hormone in the body, and increase the effects and side effects of thyroid hormone.\n\n## Are there interactions with herbs and supplements?\n\nHerbs and supplements that might lower blood pressure\n\n Ashwagandha might lower blood pressure. Combining ashwagandha with other herbs and supplements that also lower blood pressure might cause blood pressure to go to low. Some herbs and supplements of this type include andrographis, casein peptides, cat's claw, coenzyme Q-10, fish oil, L-arginine, lyceum, stinging nettle, theanine, and others.\nHerbs and supplements with sedative properties\n\n Ashwagandha can act like a sedative. That is, it can cause sleepiness. Using it along with other herbs and supplements that also act like sedatives might cause too much sleepiness. Some of these include 5-HTP, calamus, California poppy, catnip, hops, Jamaican dogwood, kava, St. John's wort, skullcap, valerian, yerba mansa, and others.\n\n## Are there interactions with foods?\n\n There are no known interactions with foods.\n\n## What dose is used?\n\nBY MOUTH:\n\n * For stress: Ashwagandha root extract 300 mg twice daily after food (KSM66, Ixoreal Biomed) or 240 mg daily (Shoden, Arjuna Natural Ltd.) for 60 days.\n\n## Other names\n\nAjagandha, Amangura, Amukkirag, Asan, Asana, Asgand, Asgandh, Asgandha,\nAshagandha, Ashvagandha, Ashwaganda, Ashwanga, Asoda, Asundha, Asvagandha,\nAswagandha, Avarada, Ayurvedic Ginseng, Cerise d'Hiver, Clustered\nWintercherry, Ghoda Asoda, Ginseng Ayurvédique, Ginseng Indien, Hayahvaya,\nIndian Ginseng, Kanaje Hindi, Kuthmithi, Orovale, Peyette, Physalis somnifera,\nSamm Al Ferakh, Samm Al Rerakh, Sogade-Beru, Strychnos, Turangi-Ghanda,\nVajigandha, Winter Cherry, Withania, Withania somnifera.\n\n## Methodology\n\nTo learn more about how this article was written, please see the Natural\nMedicines Comprehensive Database methodology.\n\n## References\n\n 1. Deshpande A, Irani N, Balkrishnan R, Benny IR. A randomized, double blind, placebo controlled study to evaluate the effects of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on sleep quality in healthy adults. Sleep Med. 2020;72:28-36. View abstract.\n 2. Fuladi S, Emami SA, Mohammadpour AH, Karimani A, Manteghi AA, Sahebkar A. Assessment of Withania somnifera root extract efficacy in patients with generalized anxiety disorder: A randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Curr Clin Pharmacol. 2020. View abstract.\n 3. Björnsson HK, Björnsson ES, Avula B, et al. Ashwagandha-induced liver injury: A case series from Iceland and the US Drug-Induced Liver Injury Network. Liver Int. 2020;40:825-829. View abstract.\n 4. Durg S, Bavage S, Shivaram SB. Withania somnifera (Indian ginseng) in diabetes mellitus: A systematic review and meta-analysis of scientific evidence from experimental research to clinical application. Phytother Res. 2020;34:1041-1059. View abstract.\n 5. Kelgane SB, Salve J, Sampara P, Debnath K. Efficacy and tolerability of ashwagandha root extract in the elderly for improvement of general well-being and sleep: A prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Cureus. 2020;12:e7083. View abstract.\n 6. Pérez-Gómez J, Villafaina S, Adsuar JC, Merellano-Navarro E, Collado-Mateo D. Effects of ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) on VO2max: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Nutrients. 2020;12:1119. View abstract.\n 7. Salve J, Pate S, Debnath K, Langade D. Adaptogenic and anxiolytic effects of ashwagandha root extract in healthy adults: A double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical study. Cureus. 2019;11:e6466. View abstract.\n 8. Lopresti AL, Smith SJ, Malvi H, Kodgule R. An investigation into the stress-relieving and pharmacological actions of an ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Medicine (Baltimore). 2019;98:e17186. View abstract.\n 9. Sharma AK, Basu I, Singh S. Efficacy and safety of Ashwagandha root extract in subclinical hypothyroid patients: a double-blind, randomized placebo-controlled trial. J Altern Complement Med. 2018 Mar;24:243-248. View abstract.\n 10. Kumar G, Srivastava A, Sharma SK, Rao TD, Gupta YK. Efficacy and safety evaluation of ayurvedic treatment (ashwagandha powder and sidh makardhwaj) in rheumatoid arthritis patients: a pilot perspective study. Indian J Med Res 2015 Jan;141:100-6. View abstract.\n 11. Dongre S, Langade D, Bhattacharyya S. Efficacy and safety of ashwagandha (withania somnifera) root extract in improving sexual function in women: a pilot study. Biomed Res Int 2015;2015:284154.View abstract.\n 12. Jahanbakhsh SP, Manteghi AA, Emami SA, Mahyari S, et al. Evaluation of the efficacy of withania somnifera (ashwagandha) root extract in patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder: a randomized double-blind placebo-controlled trial. Complement Ther Med 2016 Aug;27:25-9.View abstract.\n 13. Choudhary D, Bhattacharyya S, Joshi K. Body weight management in adults under chronic stress through treatment with ashwagandha root extract: a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled trial. J Evid Based Complementary Altern Med. 2017 Jan;22:96-106 View abstract.\n 14. Sud Khyati S, Thaker B. A randomized double blind placebo controlled study of ashwagandha on generalized anxiety disorder. Int Ayurvedic Med J 2013;1:1-7.\n 15. Chengappa KN, Bowie CR, Schlicht PJ, Fleet D, Brar JS, Jindal R. Randomized placebo-controlled adjunctive study of an extract of withania somnifera for cognitive dysfunction in bipolar disorder. J Clin Psychiatry. 2013;74:1076-83. View abstract.\n 16. Chandrasekhar K, Kapoor J, Anishetty S. A prospective, randomized double-blind, placebo-controlled study of safety and efficacy of a high-concentration full-spectrum extract of ashwagandha root in reducing stress and anxiety in adults. Indian J Psychol Med. 2012;34:255-62. View abstract.\n 17. Biswal BM, Sulaiman SA, Ismail HC, Zakaria H, Musa KI. Effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on the development of chemotherapy-induced fatigue and quality of life in breast cancer patients. Integr Cancer Ther. 2013;12:312-22. View abstract.\n 18. Ambiye VR, Langade D, Dongre S, Aptikar P, Kulkarni M, Dongre A. Clinical Evaluation of the Spermatogenic Activity of the Root Extract of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) in Oligospermic Males: A Pilot Study. Evid Based Complement Alternat Med. 2013;2013:571420. View abstract.\n 19. Agnihotri AP, Sontakke SD, Thawani VR, Saoji A, Goswami VS. Effects of Withania somnifera in patients of schizophrenia: a randomized, double blind, placebo controlled pilot trial study. Indian J Pharmacol. 2013;45:417-8. View abstract.\n 20. Anbalagan K and Sadique J. Withania somnifera (ashwagandha), a rejuvenating herbal drug which controls alpha-2 macroglobulin synthesis during inflammation. Int.J.Crude Drug Res. 1985;23:177-183.\n 21. Venkataraghavan S, Seshadri C, Sundaresan TP, and et al. The comparative effect of milk fortified with Aswagandha, Aswagandha and Punarnava in children - a double-blind study. J Res Ayur Sid 1980;1:370-385.\n 22. Ghosal S, Lal J, Srivastava R, and et al. Immunomodulatory and CNS effects of sitoindosides 9 and 10, two new glycowithanolides from Withania somnifera. Phytotherapy Research 1989;3:201-206.\n 23. Upadhaya L and et al. Role of an indigenous drug Geriforte on blood levels of biogenic amines and its significance in the treatment of anxiety neurosis. Acta Nerv Super 1990;32:1-5.\n 24. Ahumada F, Aspee F, Wikman G, and et al. Withania somnifera extract. Its effect on arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized dogs. Phytotherapy Research 1991;5:111-114.\n 25. Kuppurajan K, Rajagopalan SS, Sitoraman R, and et al. Effect of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera Dunal) on the process of ageing on human volunteers. Journal of Research in Ayurveda and Siddha 1980;1:247-258.\n 26. Dhuley, J. N. Effect of ashwagandha on lipid peroxidation in stress-induced animals. J Ethnopharmacol. 1998;60:173-178. View abstract.\n 27. Dhuley, J. N. Therapeutic efficacy of Ashwagandha against experimental aspergillosis in mice. Immunopharmacol.Immunotoxicol. 1998;20:191-198. View abstract.\n 28. Sharada, A. C., Solomon, F. E., Devi, P. U., Udupa, N., and Srinivasan, K. K. Antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of withaferin A on mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma in vivo. Acta Oncol. 1996;35:95-100. View abstract.\n 29. Devi, P. U., Sharada, A. C., and Solomon, F. E. Antitumor and radiosensitizing effects of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on a transplantable mouse tumor, Sarcoma-180. Indian J Exp Biol. 1993;31:607-611. View abstract.\n 30. Praveenkumar, V., Kuttan, R., and Kuttan, G. Chemoprotective action of Rasayanas against cyclosphamide toxicity. Tumori 8-31-1994;80:306-308. View abstract.\n 31. Devi, P. U., Sharada, A. C., and Solomon, F. E. In vivo growth inhibitory and radiosensitizing effects of withaferin A on mouse Ehrlich ascites carcinoma. Cancer Lett. 8-16-1995;95(1-2):189-193. View abstract.\n 32. Anbalagan, K. and Sadique, J. Influence of an Indian medicine (Ashwagandha) on acute-phase reactants in inflammation. Indian J Exp Biol. 1981;19:245-249. View abstract.\n 33. Malhotra, C. L., Mehta, V. L., Prasad, K., and Das, P. K. Studies on Withania ashwagandha, Kaul. IV. The effect of total alkaloids on the smooth muscles. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1965;9:9-15. View abstract.\n 34. Malhotra, C. L., Mehta, V. L., Das, P. K., and Dhalla, N. S. Studies on Withania-ashwagandha, Kaul. V. The effect of total alkaloids (ashwagandholine) on the central nervous system. Indian J Physiol Pharmacol. 1965;9:127-136. View abstract.\n 35. Begum, V. H. and Sadique, J. Long term effect of herbal drug Withania somnifera on adjuvant induced arthritis in rats. Indian J Exp Biol. 1988;26:877-882. View abstract.\n 36. Vaishnavi, K., Saxena, N., Shah, N., Singh, R., Manjunath, K., Uthayakumar, M., Kanaujia, S. P., Kaul, S. C., Sekar, K., and Wadhwa, R. Differential activities of the two closely related withanolides, Withaferin A and Withanone: bioinformatics and experimental evidences. PLoS.One. 2012;7:e44419. View abstract.\n 37. Sehgal, V. N., Verma, P., and Bhattacharya, S. N. Fixed-drug eruption caused by ashwagandha (Withania somnifera): a widely used Ayurvedic drug. Skinmed. 2012;10:48-49. View abstract.\n 38. Malviya, N., Jain, S., Gupta, V. B., and Vyas, S. Recent studies on aphrodisiac herbs for the management of male sexual dysfunction--a review. Acta Pol.Pharm. 2011;68:3-8. View abstract.\n 39. Ven Murthy, M. R., Ranjekar, P. K., Ramassamy, C., and Deshpande, M. Scientific basis for the use of Indian ayurvedic medicinal plants in the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders: ashwagandha. Cent.Nerv.Syst.Agents Med.Chem. 9-1-2010;10:238-246. View abstract.\n 40. Bhat, J., Damle, A., Vaishnav, P. P., Albers, R., Joshi, M., and Banerjee, G. In vivo enhancement of natural killer cell activity through tea fortified with Ayurvedic herbs. Phytother.Res 2010;24:129-135. View abstract.\n 41. Mikolai, J., Erlandsen, A., Murison, A., Brown, K. A., Gregory, W. L., Raman-Caplan, P., and Zwickey, H. L. In vivo effects of Ashwagandha (Withania somnifera) extract on the activation of lymphocytes. J.Altern.Complement Med. 2009;15:423-430. View abstract.\n 42. Lu, L., Liu, Y., Zhu, W., Shi, J., Liu, Y., Ling, W., and Kosten, T. R. Traditional medicine in the treatment of drug addiction. Am J Drug Alcohol Abuse 2009;35:1-11. View abstract.\n 43. Singh, R. H., Narsimhamurthy, K., and Singh, G. Neuronutrient impact of Ayurvedic Rasayana therapy in brain aging. Biogerontology. 2008;9:369-374. View abstract.\n 44. Tohda, C. [Overcoming several neurodegenerative diseases by traditional medicines: the development of therapeutic medicines and unraveling pathophysiological mechanisms]. Yakugaku Zasshi 2008;128:1159-1167. View abstract.\n 45. Deocaris, C. C., Widodo, N., Wadhwa, R., and Kaul, S. C. Merger of ayurveda and tissue culture-based functional genomics: inspirations from systems biology. J.Transl.Med. 2008;6:14. View abstract.\n 46. Kulkarni, S. K. and Dhir, A. Withania somnifera: an Indian ginseng. Prog.Neuropsychopharmacol.Biol.Psychiatry 7-1-2008;32:1093-1105. View abstract.\n 47. Choudhary, M. I., Nawaz, S. A., ul-Haq, Z., Lodhi, M. A., Ghayur, M. N., Jalil, S., Riaz, N., Yousuf, S., Malik, A., Gilani, A. H., and ur-Rahman, A. Withanolides, a new class of natural cholinesterase inhibitors with calcium antagonistic properties. Biochem.Biophys.Res Commun. 8-19-2005;334:276-287. View abstract.\n 48. Khattak, S., Saeed, Ur Rehman, Shah, H. U., Khan, T., and Ahmad, M. In vitro enzyme inhibition activities of crude ethanolic extracts derived from medicinal plants of Pakistan. Nat.Prod.Res 2005;19:567-571. View abstract.\n 49. Kaur, K., Rani, G., Widodo, N., Nagpal, A., Taira, K., Kaul, S. C., and Wadhwa, R. Evaluation of the anti-proliferative and anti-oxidative activities of leaf extract from in vivo and in vitro raised Ashwagandha. Food Chem.Toxicol. 2004;42:2015-2020. View abstract.\n 50. Devi, P. U., Sharada, A. C., Solomon, F. E., and Kamath, M. S. In vivo growth inhibitory effect of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) on a transplantable mouse tumor, Sarcoma 180. Indian J Exp Biol. 1992;30:169-172. View abstract.\n 51. Gupta, S. K., Dua, A., and Vohra, B. P. Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) attenuates antioxidant defense in aged spinal cord and inhibits copper induced lipid peroxidation and protein oxidative modifications. Drug Metabol.Drug Interact. 2003;19:211-222. View abstract.\n 52. Bhattacharya, S. K. and Muruganandam, A. V. Adaptogenic activity of Withania somnifera: an experimental study using a rat model of chronic stress. Pharmacol Biochem.Behav 2003;75:547-555. View abstract.\n 53. Davis, L. and Kuttan, G. Effect of Withania somnifera on DMBA induced carcinogenesis. J Ethnopharmacol. 2001;75(2-3):165-168. View abstract.\n 54. Bhattacharya, S. K., Bhattacharya, A., Sairam, K., and Ghosal, S. Anxiolytic-antidepressant activity of Withania somnifera glycowithanolides: an experimental study. Phytomedicine 2000;7:463-469. View abstract.\n 55. Panda S, Kar A. Changes in thyroid hormone concentrations after administration of ashwagandha root extract to adult male mice. J Pharm Pharmacol 1998;50:1065-68. View abstract.\n 56. Panda S, Kar A. Withania somnifera and Bauhinia purpurea in the regulation of circulating thyroid hormone concentrations in female mice. J Ethnopharmacol 1999;67:233-39. View abstract.\n 57. Agarwal R, Diwanay S, Patki P, Patwardhan B. Studies on immunomodulatory activity of Withania somnifera (Ashwagandha) extracts in experimental immune inflammation. J Ethnopharmacol 1999;67:27-35. View abstract.\n 58. Ahumada F, Aspee F, Wikman G, Hancke J. Withania somnifera exract. Its effects on arterial blood pressure in anaesthetized dogs. Phytother Res 1991;5:111-14.\n 59. Kulkarni RR, Patki PS, Jog VP, et al. Treatment of osteoarthritis with a herbomineral formulation: a double-blind, placebo-controlled, cross-over study. J Ethnopharmacol 1991;33:91-5. View abstract.\n 60. Ahmad MK, Mahdi AA, Shukla KK, et al. Withania somnifera improves semen quality by regulating reproductive hormone levels and oxidative stress in seminal plasma of infertile males. Fertil Steril 2010;94:989-96. View abstract.\n 61. Andallu B, Radhika B. Hypoglycemic, diuretic and hypocholesterolemic effect of winter cherry (Withania somnifera, Dunal) root. Indian J Exp Biol 2000;38:607-9. View abstract.\n 62. Sriranjini SJ, Pal PK, Devidas KV, Ganpathy S. Improvement of balance in progressive degenerative cerebellar ataxias after Ayurvedic therapy: a preliminary report. Neurol India 2009;57:166-71. View abstract.\n 63. Katz M, Levine AA, Kol-Degani H, Kav-Venaki L. A compound herbal preparation (CHP) in the treatment of children with ADHD: a randomized controlled trial. J Atten Disord 2010;14:281-91. View abstract.\n 64. Cooley K, Szczurko O, Perri D, et al. Naturopathic care for anxiety: a randomized controlled trial ISRC TN78958974. PLoS One 2009;4:e6628. View abstract.\n 65. Dasgupta A, Tso G, Wells A. Effect of Asian ginseng, Siberian ginseng, and Indian ayurvedic medicine Ashwagandha on serum digoxin measurement by Digoxin III, a new digoxin immunoassay. J Clin Lab Anal 2008;22:295-301. View abstract.\n 66. Dasgupta A, Peterson A, Wells A, Actor JK. Effect of Indian Ayurvedic medicine Ashwagandha on measurement of serum digoxin and 11 commonly monitored drugs using immunoassays: study of protein binding and interaction with Digibind. Arch Pathol Lab Med 2007;131:1298-303. View abstract.\n 67. Mishra LC, Singh BB, Dagenais S. Scientific basis for the therapeutic use of Withania somnifera (ashwagandha): a review. Altern Med Rev 2000;5:334-46. View abstract.\n 68. Nagashayana N, Sankarankutty P, Nampoothiri MRV, et al. Association of l-DOPA with recovery following Ayurveda medication in Parkinson's Disease. J Neurol Sci 2000;176:124-7. View abstract.\n 69. Bhattacharya SK, Satyan KS, Ghosal S. Antioxidant activity of glycowithanolides from Withania somnifera. Indian J Exp Biol 1997;35:236-9. View abstract.\n 70. Davis L, Kuttan G. Suppressive effect of cyclophosphamide-induced toxicity by Withania somnifera extract in mice. J Ethnopharmacol 1998;62:209-14. View abstract.\n 71. Archana R, Namasivayam A. Antistressor effect of Withania somnifera. J Ethnopharmacol 1999;64:91-3. View abstract.\n 72. Davis L, Kuttan G. Effect of Withania somnifera on cyclophosphamide-induced urotoxicity. Cancer Lett 2000;148:9-17. View abstract.\n 73. Upton R, ed. Ashwagandha Root (Withania somnifera): Analytical, quality control, and therapuetic monograph. Santa Cruz, CA: American Herbal Pharmacopoeia 2000:1-25.\n 74. McGuffin M, Hobbs C, Upton R, Goldberg A, eds. American Herbal Products Association's Botanical Safety Handbook. Boca Raton, FL: CRC Press, LLC 1997.\n\nLast reviewed - 12/16/2020\n\nBrowse Herb & Supplements\n\nNatural Medicines disclaims any responsibility related to medical consequences\nof using any medical product. Effort is made to ensure that the information\ncontained in this monograph is accurate at the time it was published.\nConsumers and medical professionals who consult this monograph are cautioned\nthat any medical or product related decision is the sole responsibility of the\nconsumer and/or the health care professional. A legal License Agreement sets\nlimitations on downloading, storing, or printing content from this Database.\nExcept for any possible exceptions written into your License Agreement, no\nreproduction of this monograph or any content from this Database is permitted\nwithout written permission from the publisher. Unlawful to download, store, or\ndistribute content from this site.\n\n© 2021 TRC is a registered trademark of Therapeutic Research Center. TRC and\nall associated names and service marks including TRC are restricted and\nreserved for Therapeutic Research Center use.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Get updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n * Social Media Toolkit\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Guidelines for Links\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 25 May 2021\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.webmd.com/balance/features/your-guide-to-never-feeling-tired-again",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170216151434/http://www.webmd.com/balance/features/your-guide-to-never-feeling-tired-again",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Your Guide to Never Feeling Tired Again",
"passages": [
"We're all familiar with physical exhaustion, but mental strain — sadness, boredom, worry, anger, and general stress (the biggie) — can take an even heavier toll on vitality, completely wearing you out. Life happens, and these difficult emotions will, too. But if you react wisely, your brain and body will rebound — along with your vim and vigor.",
"Splash some water on your face or take a shower when you're feeling burned-out. Some 55 percent of study participants reported using these types of \"water therapy\" to successfully increase their energy, according to findings in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Apparently, a little H _2 O refresher can instantly help take the edge off when you're feeling overwhelmed.",
"Suit up in a \"power\" outfit to beat the blahs. Fight the tendency to throw on sweats when you're feeling sluggish. Although it may seem counterintuitive to slip into the skirt you save for special occasions, it helps to look in the mirror and see an energizing image — not a deflating one that confirms and reinforces your internal state, says Alice D. Domar, Ph.D., founder and executive director of the Domar Center for Complementary Healthcare in Waltham, MA. Dressing for success will give you a big mental boost every time you catch sight of your reflection (or receive a compliment) throughout the day.",
"Vent your feelings. Keeping fear, anxiety, and stress pent up inside may seem like a grown-up way to deal with these emotions. But discussing negative feelings with another person can ease them far better than keeping them bottled up; by airing them, you reduce their ability to sap your stamina, says Komaroff, who is also the editor-in-chief of the Harvard Health Letter.",
"Turn on some tunes. Listening to music is one of the most effective ways to change a bad mood, decrease tension, and increase energy. Consider this: Runners in one study who listened to music while on the treadmill ran faster than those who jogged in silence — no matter how loud the volume or how fast the tempo, according to new findings in the journal Ergonomics. Other research suggests that music effectively distracts you from feeling fatigue. Try burning a CD of your favorite songs and playing it anytime you need a pick-me-up. (If you exercise, so much the better — but the music will move you either way.)",
"Let go of grudges. Nursing a grudge prompts your mind and body to react as if they're under chronic stress, increasing your heart rate and blood pressure and potentially resulting in an impaired immune system and exhaustion over time, according to a study in the journal Psychological Science. On the other hand, practicing empathy and forgiveness after you've been wronged makes you feel as if you're back in control, which keeps the body's stress responses in check. The next time you find yourself harboring ill feelings, repeat a stress-relieving mantra to yourself, such as, \"Forgiveness makes me a happier and stronger person.\"",
"Take belly breaths. When we're under stress, we're prone to take \"chest breaths\" — short, shallow ones, says Domar. Chest breathing brings less air into the lungs and reduces the supply of energizing oxygen to the body and brain, leaving you physically and mentally drained. The goal is deep, diaphragmatic breathing — like that of a sleeping infant: When you breathe in, your belly should round and fill like a balloon; on an exhale, your belly should slowly deflate. Of course, remembering to practice deep breathing isn't the first thing on your mind when you're under the gun, so as a visual reminder, try posting a tranquil picture (such as a pool of water or your kids smiling) with the word \"breathe\" next to your computer, or anywhere you tend to feel on edge.",
"De-clutter a corner. Go through that teetering pile of papers or overflowing closet and clear it out. Clutter can make you feel out of control and overwhelmed, especially when you're already feeling stressed or down. Plus, simply accomplishing a goal, no matter how seemingly minor, can be energizing, says Domar.",
"Do some good. Acts of altruism can lend a little pep to your step. In fact, one study in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior found that volunteer work can boost your energy in six ways: It enhances happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem, sense of control over life, physical health, and mood. Find short- and long-term volunteer opportunities at volunteermatch.org and charityguide.org."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Your Guide to Never Feeling Tired Again\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Fatigue Home\n\n * Medical Reference\n * Features\n * Video\n * Slideshows & Images\n * Quizzes\n * Health Tools\n * Symptom Checker\n * News Archive\n\n### Health and Balance Home\n\n * News\n * Features\n * Reference\n * Quizzes\n * Slideshows\n * Videos\n * Message Board\n * Find a Psychologist\n\n### Health & Balance Guide\n\n * Life Out of Balance?\n * Manage Stress\n * Complementary Treatments\n\n### Related to Balance\n\n * Quit-Smoking Assessment\n * Anxiety & Panic Disorders\n * Mental Health\n * Smoking Cessation\n * Stress Management\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Health & Balance\n\n# Your Guide to Never Feeling Tired Again\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nBy Nancy Rones\n\n22 ways to tackle life's biggest energy zappers.\n\nEvery day, 2.2 million Americans complain of being tired. Most of us chalk it\nup to having too much to do and not enough time to do it in, especially during\nextra-busy periods. But often the true culprits are our everyday habits: what\nwe eat, how we sleep, and how we cope emotionally. Read on for some simple,\nrecharging changes that can help you tackle all of the energy stealers in your\nlife.\n\nEnergize Your Diet\n\nWhy is it that filling up on pasta or Chinese food for lunch leaves us snacky\nand sleepy an hour later? Or that falling short on fluids makes us forgetful\nand foggy? Fact is, eating habits play a powerful role in how well we function\non every level. Below, six top fatigue-fighting nutrition strategies to chew\non.\n\n * Have breakfast... even if you don't feel hungry. You'll be a lot perkier: Studies show that people who eat breakfast feel better both mentally and physically than those who skip their morning meal. British researchers at Cardiff University even found that spooning up a bowl of breakfast cereal every morning is associated with lower levels of the stress hormone cortisol.\n * Eat every three to four hours. Having three smallish meals and two snacks throughout the day can keep your blood sugar and energy levels stable all day long, says Roberta Anding, R.D., a spokesperson for the American Dietetic Association (ADA). Note the word \"smallish.\" Supersized meals demand more of your energy to digest, which can leave you feeling lethargic. At each mini-meal, get a mix of carbohydrates (which the body uses for energy), protein (which helps sustain energy if needed), and healthy fats like those found in fish, nuts, and olives -- these fats and protein contribute to meal satisfaction, so you don't go hunting for sweets an hour later and wind up with a short-lived sugar high and subsequent crash. A few meal ideas: a low-fat yogurt parfait with berries and a couple of tablespoons of whole-grain granola; salmon over mixed greens with whole-grain crackers; and beef tenderloin with a baked sweet potato and asparagus.\n * Fill up on more fiber. Fiber has a time-releasing effect on carbs, so they enter your bloodstream at a slow and steady pace, giving your energy staying power, says Anding. When choosing your mini-meals (see above), include fiber-filled options that add up to the daily recommended 25 to 30 grams of fiber (the average person gets only between 10 and 15 grams). Some suggestions: a bowl of raisin bran (5 grams of fiber per cup); black beans and cheese wrapped in a multigrain tortilla (beans have 7.5 grams per 1/2 cup; one tortilla has 5 grams); air-popped popcorn (3.6 grams per 3 cups); an apple with the skin (3.3 grams); and whole-wheat spaghetti (6.3 grams per cup).\n * Fuel your brain with omega-3s. Found in fatty fish (such as tuna and salmon), walnuts, and canola oil, these essential fatty acids play a role in keeping brain cells healthy and helping you feel mentally alert. Another potential bonus: Omega-3s encourage the body to store carbs as glycogen — the storage form of glucose (blood sugar) and the body's main source of stored fuel — rather than as fat.\n * Stay hydrated. Water makes up the majority of your blood and other body fluids, and even mild dehydration can cause blood to thicken, forcing the heart to pump harder to carry blood to your cells and organs and resulting in fatigue. Also, ample fluids keep energy-fueling nutrients flowing throughout the body, says Nancy Clark, R.D., author of Nancy Clark's Sports Nutrition Guidebook. To gauge your hydration, Clark recommends monitoring how often you urinate. You should be going every two to four hours, and your urine should be clear or pale yellow in color. Tip: Besides drinking more, you can also consume foods that naturally contain water, such as yogurt, broccoli, carrots, and juicy fruits, like watermelons, oranges, and grapefruits.\n * Watch caffeine intake after noon. Typically, consuming a moderate amount of caffeine — 200 to 300 mg, the amount found in two to three cups of coffee — can make you more energetic and alert in the hours following, says Anthony L. Komaroff, M.D., a professor of medicine at Harvard Medical School. But when caffeine is consumed in large quantities — or anytime in the afternoon or evening — the quality of your sleep that night can take a nosedive, leaving you with heavy eyelids the next day. One caution for those who are highly sensitive to caffeine: Although switching to a decaf latte in the afternoon sounds like the answer, researchers at the University of Florida found that out of 22 decaffeinated coffee beverages tested, all but one contained some caffeine.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## Energize Your Spirit\n\n * We're all familiar with physical exhaustion, but mental strain — sadness, boredom, worry, anger, and general stress (the biggie) — can take an even heavier toll on vitality, completely wearing you out. Life happens, and these difficult emotions will, too. But if you react wisely, your brain and body will rebound — along with your vim and vigor.\n * Splash some water on your face or take a shower when you're feeling burned-out. Some 55 percent of study participants reported using these types of \"water therapy\" to successfully increase their energy, according to findings in the Journal of Personality and Social Psychology. Apparently, a little H _2 O refresher can instantly help take the edge off when you're feeling overwhelmed.\n * Suit up in a \"power\" outfit to beat the blahs. Fight the tendency to throw on sweats when you're feeling sluggish. Although it may seem counterintuitive to slip into the skirt you save for special occasions, it helps to look in the mirror and see an energizing image — not a deflating one that confirms and reinforces your internal state, says Alice D. Domar, Ph.D., founder and executive director of the Domar Center for Complementary Healthcare in Waltham, MA. Dressing for success will give you a big mental boost every time you catch sight of your reflection (or receive a compliment) throughout the day.\n * Vent your feelings. Keeping fear, anxiety, and stress pent up inside may seem like a grown-up way to deal with these emotions. But discussing negative feelings with another person can ease them far better than keeping them bottled up; by airing them, you reduce their ability to sap your stamina, says Komaroff, who is also the editor-in-chief of the Harvard Health Letter.\n * Turn on some tunes. Listening to music is one of the most effective ways to change a bad mood, decrease tension, and increase energy. Consider this: Runners in one study who listened to music while on the treadmill ran faster than those who jogged in silence — no matter how loud the volume or how fast the tempo, according to new findings in the journal Ergonomics. Other research suggests that music effectively distracts you from feeling fatigue. Try burning a CD of your favorite songs and playing it anytime you need a pick-me-up. (If you exercise, so much the better — but the music will move you either way.)\n * Let go of grudges. Nursing a grudge prompts your mind and body to react as if they're under chronic stress, increasing your heart rate and blood pressure and potentially resulting in an impaired immune system and exhaustion over time, according to a study in the journal Psychological Science. On the other hand, practicing empathy and forgiveness after you've been wronged makes you feel as if you're back in control, which keeps the body's stress responses in check. The next time you find yourself harboring ill feelings, repeat a stress-relieving mantra to yourself, such as, \"Forgiveness makes me a happier and stronger person.\"\n * Take belly breaths. When we're under stress, we're prone to take \"chest breaths\" — short, shallow ones, says Domar. Chest breathing brings less air into the lungs and reduces the supply of energizing oxygen to the body and brain, leaving you physically and mentally drained. The goal is deep, diaphragmatic breathing — like that of a sleeping infant: When you breathe in, your belly should round and fill like a balloon; on an exhale, your belly should slowly deflate. Of course, remembering to practice deep breathing isn't the first thing on your mind when you're under the gun, so as a visual reminder, try posting a tranquil picture (such as a pool of water or your kids smiling) with the word \"breathe\" next to your computer, or anywhere you tend to feel on edge.\n * De-clutter a corner. Go through that teetering pile of papers or overflowing closet and clear it out. Clutter can make you feel out of control and overwhelmed, especially when you're already feeling stressed or down. Plus, simply accomplishing a goal, no matter how seemingly minor, can be energizing, says Domar.\n * Do some good. Acts of altruism can lend a little pep to your step. In fact, one study in the Journal of Health and Social Behavior found that volunteer work can boost your energy in six ways: It enhances happiness, life satisfaction, self-esteem, sense of control over life, physical health, and mood. Find short- and long-term volunteer opportunities at volunteermatch.org and charityguide.org.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## Get a Restorative Rest\n\nWhen you have a lot to do (um...always), usually the first thing to get\nsqueezed off your agenda is sleep. But miss out on shut-eye and your energy,\npositivity, productivity, and memory are sure to suffer. And nearly a quarter\nof American adults aren't getting enough rest, which has led to an epidemic of\ndaytime sleepiness, according to a poll by the National Sleep Foundation. The\nkey to bucking this trend is to brush up on sleep hygiene. Try these steps for\nstarters.\n\n * Cut back on TV and computer time after 8 p.m. If you're already a night owl (you go to bed late and sleep in on weekends), the bright light emitted from television and computer screens can make falling asleep at a decent hour even harder. The reason: Light suppresses the production of melatonin, a hormone secreted at sunset that tells the brain that it's nighttime, explains John Herman, Ph.D., director of the training program in sleep medicine at the University of Texas Southwestern Medical School at Dallas. And when melatonin levels are low, your brain is fooled into thinking that it's still daytime — and remains raring to go. Whenever possible, wait until the next morning to tune in and/or log on. If you must use light-emitting technology at night, try to turn it off an hour or two before hitting the sack.\n * Hide your alarm clock. Watching the clock to see how long it's taking you to drift off or how much time you have left before your alarm goes off can result in a poor night's sleep, says Kelly A. Carden, M.D., medical director of the Sleep Health Center Affiliated with Hallmark Health at Medford in Medford, MA. This hypervigilance keeps the brain awake and alert and prevents you from slipping into deep, restorative sleep. The easy fix: Set your alarm clock, then either face the numbers away from you or put it on the floor, in a drawer, or across the room.\n * Give your pet his own separate sleeping space. At night, pets snore, jiggle their tags, move around a lot, and even hog the covers and bed space. It's no wonder that 53 percent of pet owners who sleep with their pets in the bedroom have some type of disrupted sleep every night, according to a study from the Mayo Clinic Sleep Disorders Center in Rochester, MN. Consider relocating your furry friend's sleeping quarters to another area, even if it's just his own bed in your bedroom.\n * Lower the thermostat. For a good night's sleep, make sure your room is comfortably cool — enough so that you need a light blanket. This ensures that your environment is in sync with your body's internal temperature, which naturally drops during the night, according to the National Sleep Foundation. Studies suggest the ideal sleeping temperature is between 54 and 75 degrees; anything cooler or warmer may cause you to wake up.\n * Skip the nightcap. Alcohol depresses the nervous system — the system of cells, tissues, nerves, and organs that controls the body's responses to internal and external stimuli. So while sipping a glass of wine before bed may help you nod off, the sedative effects wear off as your body metabolizes the alcohol, which may cause you to wake up in the middle of the night and have trouble falling back to sleep. Alcohol has also been shown to interfere with the body's natural 24-hour biorhythms, causing blood pressure to rise and heart rate to race at night when it's normally calm and relaxed. You don't have to give up that evening cocktail entirely to achieve sound sleep — just try to avoid alcohol within two to three hours of bedtime.\n * Get your exercise. While scientists don't yet understand why, aerobic exercise has been proved to help you fall asleep faster at bedtime, spend more hours in deep sleep, and wake up less often throughout the night, says Komaroff. At the same time, vigorous exercise can act like a stimulant (which is a great daytime energizer), so schedule your workouts in the morning or afternoon, when you need a boost the most.\n * Follow the 15-minute rule. If you can't fall asleep, or if you wake up and can't get back to sleep within about 15 minutes, get out of bed and do something relaxing that will help clear your head, such as reading, meditating, or knitting (but not watching TV or surfing the Web). Then, once you feel sleepy again, go back to bed. If you stay put and fret about being awake, you'll only make yourself more anxious — and less likely to catch the z's you need.\n * Write down your worries. During the day, jot down any stressors that are weighing on you, says Carden. Then, do some mental problem-solving before your head hits the pillow — or, if you're falling short on solutions, tuck your list away and resolve to brainstorm ideas during your morning shower or commute to work. Just knowing you've established a plan for tackling your to-do's will make you feel like you've made some progress, allowing you to relax, drift off — and wake up the next morning ready to take on the day.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## We Tested and Reviewed the Latest Pick-Me-Uppers\n\nH _2 O Plus Energize Spa Collection: \"I'm not sure if it was the citrus scent\nof the body wash and scrub or just the warm water, but I did feel more awake\nafter my shower.\" (h2oplus.com)\n\nTravelSox Odyssey socks: \"I was skeptical, but I wore these socks during a\nfive-hour flight, and they really made my legs feel more alive and less\ncramped than usual.\" (travelsox.com)\n\nLifeWave Energy Enhancer patch: \"It may have been psychosomatic (or what I ate\nfor lunch), but after I put these on, my heart started to race and I felt\nqueasy and sweaty.\" (lifewave.com)\n\nFOOSH Energy Mints: \"I enjoyed the strong, minty taste, but I didn't notice a\nsignificant difference in my energy. But I'm not sensitive to caffeine, which\nis the active ingredient.\" (vroomfoods.com)\n\nG Pure Energy drink: \"The ginger ale taste was nice, and while I wasn't ready\nto leap tall buildings, it gave me a second wind to tackle some work when I\ngot home from the office.\" (gpureenergy.com)\n\nOriginally published on March 1, 2007\n\nRelated content on redbookmag.com\n\n * 8 Health Mistakes Even Smart Women Make\n * Eat This for Breakfast\n * Will You Get Breast Cancer?\n * When Sex Hurts\n * Finding Dr. Right\n\nWebMD Feature from \"Redbook\" Magazine\n\nReprinted with permission from Hearst Communications, Inc.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Take the Stress Out of Holiday Travel\n * Always Tired? Get Your Energy Back\n * How Naps Are Good for Your Health\n * Yoga: Health Benefits and Safety Tips\n * Which Massage Is Best for You?\n * The Healing Power of Music\n\n### further reading\n\n * Slideshow: 12 Causes of Fatigue and How to Fight It\n * Slideshow: What to do Today to Sleep Better Tonight\n * Get a Good Night's Sleep: Tips for You and Your Family\n * Fatigue Quiz: Understanding Acute Fatigue, Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, and More\n * Why Am I So Tired? Conditions That Cause Fatigue\n * Instant Energizers\n * Foods to Fight Fatigue\n * Fatigue Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Strike a Pose\n\n6 health benefits of yoga.\n\n#### Stressed Out?\n\n10 relaxation techniques to try.\n\n#### 10 Health Myths Debunked\n\nDo you really need to drink 8 glasses of water a day?\n\n#### Does Caffeine Have Health Benefits?\n\nGet the facts.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 10 Health Myths Debunked\n\nArticle\n\n#### How to Be More Optimistic\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 12 Myths About Hangovers\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Clean Up the Clutter in Your Home\n\nArticle\n\n#### 9 Ways to Stop Feeling So Tired\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Myths and Facts About Your Moods\n\nArticle\n\n#### Why Can't I Remember Anything?\n\nQuiz\n\n#### What Makes Us Happy?\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * 10 Tips to Zap Stress\n * How to Be More Optimistic\n * 10 Health Myths Debunked\n * 9 Types of Yoga to Try\n * Bust Clutter in Your Home\n * Quick Tips to Reduce Stress\n\n### Doctors Near You\n\nWebMD Doctor Finder\n\nWebMD does not endorse specific physicians.\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Knee Pain Management\n * Dupuytren’s Treatment\n * Cancer Treatments\n * Symptoms of IBS-D\n * Discover Healthy Fats\n * Care for Valve Disease?\n * Fighting cancer?\n * Immune system\n * Digestive Symptoms\n * Therapy at Home?\n * Aortic Valve Stenosis?\n * Hearing Loss Help\n * Skin Cancer Treatment\n * Peyronie’s Disease?\n * Food Intolerance Diet\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * Common Signs of Bipolar Mania\n * Your Hodgkin's Treatment Plan\n * Psoriasis\n * MS Assessment\n * Anaphylaxis\n * ADHD in Children\n * Diabetes Diet\n * Safer Sports for Kids\n * Multiple Myeloma\n * Hearing Loss: Its Causes and Treatment\n * Treatments for Cancer\n * A Visual Guide to Asthma\n * Living Donor Liver Donation\n * Prostate Cancer Clinical Trials\n * Diabetes Assessment\n * Live Better With Diabetes\n * Atrial Fibrillation Assessment\n * Treating Advanced Prostate Cancer\n\n© 2005 - 2017 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\nCancer Treatment & Nutrition\n\n11 Tips to Control Diabetes\n\n"
}
] |
2,558,952 | How To Choose a Good Hiking Dog | If you want a hiking dog that can accompany you without much assistance, your best bet is an Akita or Weimaraner, since they are naturally agile breeds. Alternatively, if you want a dog that you can train easily, pick a German Shepherd, Labrador Retriever, or a Norwegian Buhund, since they’re quick learners. Another breed to consider is a Chesapeake Bay Retriever since they have the high endurance needed to navigate long hikes. Additionally, there are certain breeds you should avoid if you want a good hiking dog, like Pitt Bulls, Rottweilers, Shiba Inus, and Huskies, since they can be aggressive and difficult to train. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200803180121/https://www.outdoors.org/articles/amc-outdoors/trail-dogma-national-state-and-amc-rules-for-hiking-with-dogs",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210419192330/http://www.vetstreet.com/our-pet-experts/the-10-most-trainable-dog-breeds",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307025915/https://gizmodo.com/how-to-take-your-dog-camping-1575730467",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225224233/http://chasingdogtales.com/how-to-train-your-dog-to-walk-off-leash-a-hikers-guide/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200510223550/https://www.mnn.com/family/pets/stories/how-to-hike-with-your-dog-tips-rules-and-great-gear",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20181029012144/https://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20841292,00.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161217183654/http://www.backpacker.com:80/skills/beginner/the-manual-take-your-dog-hiking/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200513183634/https://www.trainpetdog.com/difficult-to-train-dogs.html"
] | train | 1,526 | [
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"original_url": "https://www.outdoors.org/articles/amc-outdoors/trail-dogma-national-state-and-amc-rules-for-hiking-with-dogs",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200803180121/https://www.outdoors.org/articles/amc-outdoors/trail-dogma-national-state-and-amc-rules-for-hiking-with-dogs",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Trail Dogma: National, State, and AMC Rules for Hiking with Dogs",
"passages": [
"Federal and state agencies have rules for hiking with dogs in backcountry areas. Here are the key ones to keep in mind in the Northeast, followed by some AMC-specific regulations:",
"National Parks Dogs are not allowed on many hiking trails on National Park Service lands, and those that do allow them typically require dogs to be on a short (generally a 6-foot) leash and for owners to clean up after their pets. Pets may not be left alone. If you are planning to participate in ranger-led programs, visit natural or historic sites, camp, or go to a body of water within the park, check with the park to learn its dog restrictions. One exception is the Appalachian National Scenic Trail (AT). Most sections of the AT in the Northeast, including the AMC-maintained portion, allow dogs, although often they must be on a leash. Check with local trail clubs for the dog rules on a particular route.",
"National Forests According to Katie Stewart, Androscoggin District ranger for the White Mountain National Forest and a dog-lover who often hikes and backpacks with her dog, pets are required to be on a leash or under voice control in developed areas such as campsites and trailheads. (If a campsite or shelter appears on a map, consider it a leash area.) Ideally, you should leash your dog on the summit of a mountain and whenever you meet others on the trail. You are required to clean up after your pets. In addition, Stewart warns people to be sure ahead of time that a trail is canine-compatible. “People put dogs, especially older dogs, in places they shouldn’t be, which can end in a dog rescue,” says Stuart. “There are a lot of trails in White Mountain National Forest that are not suitable for dogs.”",
"State Parks and Recreation Areas Some state parks allow pets and others do not. For example, dogs are not allowed on the hiking trails in Walden Pond State Reservation in Massachusetts, Monadnock State Park in New Hampshire, or Baxter State Park in Maine. If you wish to hike at those places, you’ll need to leave Rover at home.",
"“Baxter State Park was established first and foremost as a preserve and wildlife sanctuary, [and] the majority of our lands are managed as wilderness,” says Jean Hoekwater, park naturalist at Baxter State Park. “Governor Percival Baxter, who donated the land and the money for the park and who was rarely without his Irish setter by his side, felt there should be places where wildlife was not exposed to domestic animals, especially those with a capacity for predation.” After numerous incidents in campgrounds, on trails, and at high elevations, Hoekwater says, the “no pets” regulation was enacted in the 1960s. The policy includes all domestic animals, except service animals.",
"In state parks where pets are allowed, you must leash and attend your dog at all times, and you must clean up after your pet. If a ranger is on duty at an entrance gate, you may have to show your dog’s proof of rabies vaccine. Note also that, in general, if another visitor complains about your dog, you will have to remove it from the park. This means the end of your outing, as pets should never be left alone in a vehicle, camper, carrier, or other type of enclosure at any time.",
"State Forests State forests tend to be more lenient with their dog rules. Check regulations for the forest you plan to visit, and be courteous and use common sense in these areas.",
"AMC Visit our lodging page for a general summary of AMC huts and lodges where pets are welcome. Here are some specifics:",
"High huts With the exception of service animals, dogs are not permitted in AMC’s high huts in the White Mountains. “The main reason is because we are a food-service facility—it is illegal to bring dogs into the huts,” explains James Wrigley, AMC huts manager. “The other reason is the community nature of the huts. With 15 people in a room, a dog can pose an issue if one person doesn’t like dogs. We try to respect people’s space.”",
"Wrigley also reminds hikers to keep their dogs on a leash around the outside of the huts, especially those in the alpine or subalpine zone such as Lakes of the Clouds and Madison Spring huts: “In alpine areas, we ask people to stay on the trail—the flora is adapted to the extreme climate but not to being walked on. We ask the same of dogs so they don’t damage the sensitive vegetation.”",
"Campsites and shelters Unlike at the huts, dogs are allowed overnight at AMC-maintained campsites in the White Mountains and Mahoosucs. While at a campsite, dogs should be on a leash at all times. They are not allowed in the shelters located at these campsites. “It’s a people thing,” explains Sally Manikian, AMC backcountry resource conservation manager and a musher who often hikes with Quid, one of her retired sled dogs. “There’s no guarantee everyone at a shelter loves dogs as much as you do. It’s a matter of being respectful of others.” There are other concerns, she says. “Some people have allergies. Dogs can be unpredictable. They dig, chase wildlife. You’re busy cooking, treating water, and other things. It’s just easier [to prohibit dogs in shelters].”",
"As with a person, the more experienced a dog becomes in the backcountry, the better a dog-hiker it becomes. “Thru-hiker dogs are the best,” says Manikian, referring to those dogs that walk the entire Appalachian Trail. “They’ve hiked 1,500 miles before they get here. They know the routine. They stick by their owners. A once-a-year dog is nervous or curious and not comfortable, so it needs more attention.”",
"Lodges Dogs are welcome at AMC’s Little Lyford Pond Camps. Its five dog-friendly cabins can each accommodate up to two dogs for a daily fee of $10 per dog. Service dogs are exempt from the fee.",
"Lisa Densmore Ballard is an award-winning writer, photographer, and television producer/host, as well as a long-time member of AMC. She is the author of seven books, including Hiking the White Mountains (FalconGuides) and Best Hikes with Dogs: New Hampshire & Vermont (The Mountaineers Books)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Trail Dogma: National, State, and AMC Rules for Hiking with Dogs - Appalachian\nMountain Club\n\nSkip to content\n\n * About AMC\n * Donate\n * Membership\n * Volunteers\n * Shop\n * Search\n\n * Sign in\n\nEXPLORE AMC\n\n * LODGING\n\n * Lodging Overview\n\n * Check Availability\n * Lodges & Cabins\n * High Mountain Huts\n * Volunteer Led Camps and Cabins\n * Campsites\n * Meetings and Groups\n * ADVENTURES\n\n * AMC Guided Adventures\n\n * Kids & Family\n * Women's Groups\n * Teens & Colleges\n * Lodge-to-Hut Hikes\n * Custom Adventures\n * Volunteer Vacations\n * Volunteer Led Trips\n\n * Adults\n * Family Outings\n * 20s & 30s\n * Adventure Travel\n * Volunteer Opportunities\n * Find a Local Chapter\n * By Activity\n\n * Hike\n * Bike\n * Paddle\n * Climb\n * Ski\n * Snowshoe\n * For Beginners\n * Search All Activities\n * RESOURCES & TRAINING\n\n * AMC Publications\n\n * AMC Outdoors Magazine\n * Books & Maps\n * Appalachia Journal\n * Trip Planning\n\n * Popular Trails\n * Trip Ideas & Tips\n * Gear Advice\n * Skills & Leadership\n\n * Volunteer Trail Crews\n * Leadership Training\n * Outdoor Skills\n * Volunteers\n * Mountain Leadership School\n * Youth Opportunities Program\n * CONSERVATION\n\n * Research & Advocacy\n\n * Hot Issues\n * Take Action\n * Where We Work\n * Climate & Energy\n * Land & Water\n * Maine Woods\n * Trail Stewardship\n\n * Volunteer Trail Crews\n * Professional Trail Crews\n * Contract Trail Services\n * Regional & Long Distance Trails\n * YOUTH PROGRAMS\n\n * School & Youth Groups\n\n * YOP: Youth Opportunities Program\n * A Mountain Classroom\n * Custom School & Group Programs\n * Families\n\n * Outdoors Rx\n * Family Adventures\n * Teens\n\n * Teen Wilderness Adventures\n * Teen Trail Crews\n\n * Home\n * AMC Publications\n * AMC OUTDOORS\n\nAMC Outdoors > Features > From the Magazine\n\n# Trail Dogma: National, State, and AMC Rules for Hiking with Dogs\n\nLisa Densmore Ballard\n\nJune 25, 2013\n\nFederal and state agencies have rules for hiking with dogs in backcountry\nareas. Here are the key ones to keep in mind in the Northeast, followed by\nsome AMC-specific regulations:\n\nNational Parks Dogs are not allowed on many hiking trails on National Park\nService lands, and those that do allow them typically require dogs to be on a\nshort (generally a 6-foot) leash and for owners to clean up after their pets.\nPets may not be left alone. If you are planning to participate in ranger-led\nprograms, visit natural or historic sites, camp, or go to a body of water\nwithin the park, check with the park to learn its dog restrictions. One\nexception is the Appalachian National Scenic Trail (AT). Most sections of the\nAT in the Northeast, including the AMC-maintained portion, allow dogs,\nalthough often they must be on a leash. Check with local trail clubs for the\ndog rules on a particular route.\n\nNational Forests According to Katie Stewart, Androscoggin District ranger for\nthe White Mountain National Forest and a dog-lover who often hikes and\nbackpacks with her dog, pets are required to be on a leash or under voice\ncontrol in developed areas such as campsites and trailheads. (If a campsite or\nshelter appears on a map, consider it a leash area.) Ideally, you should leash\nyour dog on the summit of a mountain and whenever you meet others on the\ntrail. You are required to clean up after your pets. In addition, Stewart\nwarns people to be sure ahead of time that a trail is canine-compatible.\n“People put dogs, especially older dogs, in places they shouldn’t be, which\ncan end in a dog rescue,” says Stuart. “There are a lot of trails in White\nMountain National Forest that are not suitable for dogs.”\n\nState Parks and Recreation Areas Some state parks allow pets and others do\nnot. For example, dogs are not allowed on the hiking trails in Walden Pond\nState Reservation in Massachusetts, Monadnock State Park in New Hampshire, or\nBaxter State Park in Maine. If you wish to hike at those places, you’ll need\nto leave Rover at home.\n\n“Baxter State Park was established first and foremost as a preserve and\nwildlife sanctuary, [and] the majority of our lands are managed as\nwilderness,” says Jean Hoekwater, park naturalist at Baxter State Park.\n“Governor Percival Baxter, who donated the land and the money for the park and\nwho was rarely without his Irish setter by his side, felt there should be\nplaces where wildlife was not exposed to domestic animals, especially those\nwith a capacity for predation.” After numerous incidents in campgrounds, on\ntrails, and at high elevations, Hoekwater says, the “no pets” regulation was\nenacted in the 1960s. The policy includes all domestic animals, except service\nanimals.\n\nIn state parks where pets are allowed, you must leash and attend your dog at\nall times, and you must clean up after your pet. If a ranger is on duty at an\nentrance gate, you may have to show your dog’s proof of rabies vaccine. Note\nalso that, in general, if another visitor complains about your dog, you will\nhave to remove it from the park. This means the end of your outing, as pets\nshould never be left alone in a vehicle, camper, carrier, or other type of\nenclosure at any time.\n\nState Forests State forests tend to be more lenient with their dog rules.\nCheck regulations for the forest you plan to visit, and be courteous and use\ncommon sense in these areas.\n\nAMC Visit our lodging page for a general summary of AMC huts and lodges where\npets are welcome. Here are some specifics:\n\n 1. High huts With the exception of service animals, dogs are not permitted in AMC’s high huts in the White Mountains. “The main reason is because we are a food-service facility—it is illegal to bring dogs into the huts,” explains James Wrigley, AMC huts manager. “The other reason is the community nature of the huts. With 15 people in a room, a dog can pose an issue if one person doesn’t like dogs. We try to respect people’s space.”\n\nWrigley also reminds hikers to keep their dogs on a leash around the outside\nof the huts, especially those in the alpine or subalpine zone such as Lakes of\nthe Clouds and Madison Spring huts: “In alpine areas, we ask people to stay on\nthe trail—the flora is adapted to the extreme climate but not to being walked\non. We ask the same of dogs so they don’t damage the sensitive vegetation.”\n\n 2. Campsites and shelters Unlike at the huts, dogs are allowed overnight at AMC-maintained campsites in the White Mountains and Mahoosucs. While at a campsite, dogs should be on a leash at all times. They are not allowed in the shelters located at these campsites. “It’s a people thing,” explains Sally Manikian, AMC backcountry resource conservation manager and a musher who often hikes with Quid, one of her retired sled dogs. “There’s no guarantee everyone at a shelter loves dogs as much as you do. It’s a matter of being respectful of others.” There are other concerns, she says. “Some people have allergies. Dogs can be unpredictable. They dig, chase wildlife. You’re busy cooking, treating water, and other things. It’s just easier [to prohibit dogs in shelters].”\n\nAs with a person, the more experienced a dog becomes in the backcountry, the\nbetter a dog-hiker it becomes. “Thru-hiker dogs are the best,” says Manikian,\nreferring to those dogs that walk the entire Appalachian Trail. “They’ve hiked\n1,500 miles before they get here. They know the routine. They stick by their\nowners. A once-a-year dog is nervous or curious and not comfortable, so it\nneeds more attention.”\n\n 3. Lodges Dogs are welcome at AMC’s Little Lyford Pond Camps. Its five dog-friendly cabins can each accommodate up to two dogs for a daily fee of $10 per dog. Service dogs are exempt from the fee.\n\nMore on Rules and Regulations: Hike With Your Dog Acadia National Park New\nHampshire Parks & Recreation Adirondack Park Catskills\n\nLEARN MORE\n\n * Learn best practices in Hiking with Dogs, a guide to bringing your best friend on the trail.\n * Watch a video on hiking with dogs.\n * Hiking gear for dogs? Of course!\n\nDogs, Hiking, Little Lyford Lodge & Cabins, Outdoor Skills and Safety, Trail\nEtiquette, 2013, AMC Outdoors, Features, From the Magazine, July/August 2013\n\n### Search AMC Outdoors and Blogs\n\n### Lisa Densmore Ballard\n\nLisa Densmore Ballard is an award-winning writer, photographer, and television\nproducer/host, as well as a long-time member of AMC. She is the author of\nseven books, including Hiking the White Mountains (FalconGuides) and Best\nHikes with Dogs: New Hampshire & Vermont (The Mountaineers Books).\n\n### Most Recent\n\n * Climate vs Weather: How They Differ, How They’re Connected July 31, 2020\n * The Causes of Climate Change July 30, 2020\n * As an Immigrant Woman of Color, Invisibility Kept Me Safe Outdoors—Until It Didn’t July 27, 2020\n * V-J Day at 75: A Hiker Recalls a Mount Washington Hike and Return to a War’s End July 26, 2020\n * House Passes the Great American Outdoors Act, Sending it to the President’s Desk July 22, 2020\n\n### Related Stories\n\n * Hiking with Dogs: A Guide to Bringing Your Best Friend on the Trail June 25, 2013\n * Exploring Maine’s 100-Mile Wilderness\n * Runners High: Relive an Epic Single-Day Presidential Traverse Trail Run May 27, 2020\n * How to Make Hike Planning Fun and Productive February 27, 2019\n * Female Guides Are Narrowing the Gender Gap Outdoors May 29, 2018\n\n### Departments\n\n * AMC Outdoors (2,268)\n\n * Video (31)\n * Features (122)\n * Web Exclusives (1,327)\n * From the Magazine (455)\n * Horizon (33)\n * Bulletin: Across the Region (74)\n * Bulletin: Around AMC (80)\n * Itinerary (155)\n * Packlist (868)\n * Manual (139)\n * Great Kids, Great Outdoors (463)\n * Field Guide (60)\n * Journal (24)\n * Croo (26)\n * Switchback (74)\n * Blogs (1,823)\n\n * Running Wild (41)\n * Equipped (836)\n * Great Kids, Great Outdoors (454)\n * News (58)\n * Current Conditions (67)\n * Trails (111)\n * Nature Notes (122)\n * Conservation (80)\n * Outdoor Leadership (31)\n * Newsroom (158)\n * Appalachia Journal (85)\n\n### By Issue\n\n * 2020 (93)\n\n * Winter 2020 (28)\n * Spring 2020 (37)\n * Summer 2020 (28)\n * 2019 (132)\n\n * Winter 2019 (37)\n * Summer 2019 (35)\n * Fall 2019 (29)\n * Spring 2019 (32)\n * 2018 (139)\n\n * Spring 2018 (41)\n * Summer 2018 (33)\n * Fall 2018 (23)\n * November/December 2018 (3)\n * September/October 2018 (10)\n * July/August 2018 (1)\n * January/February 2018 (29)\n * 2017 (169)\n\n * November/December 2017 (25)\n * May/June 2017 (26)\n * September/October 2017 (26)\n * July/August 2017 (29)\n * March/April 2017 (28)\n * January/February 2017 (31)\n * 2016 (172)\n\n * November/December 2016 (31)\n * September/October 2016 (30)\n * July/August 2016 (27)\n * May/June 2016 (27)\n * March/April 2016 (30)\n * January/February 2016 (27)\n * 2015 (187)\n\n * November/December 2015 (31)\n * September/October 2015 (28)\n * July/August 2015 (30)\n * May/June 2015 (30)\n * March/April 2015 (35)\n * January/February 2015 (33)\n * 2014 (184)\n\n * November/December 2014 (30)\n * September/October 2014 (28)\n * July/August 2014 (32)\n * May/June 2014 (31)\n * March/April 2014 (32)\n * January/February 2014 (31)\n\n### Archives\n\n * 2013\n * 2012\n * 2011\n * 2010\n * 2009\n * 2008\n * 2007\n * 2006\n * 2005\n * 2004\n * 2003\n * 2002\n * 2001\n * 2000\n * 1999\n\n#### Lodges\n\n * LODGING\n\n * Lodging Overviews\n\n * Check Availability\n * Lodges & Cabins\n * High Mountain Huts\n * Volunteer Led Camps and Cabins\n * Campsites\n * Volunteer Opportunities\n * Meetings and Groups\n\n#### Adventures\n\n * Adventures\n\n * Go With A Guide: AMC Adventures\n\n * Kids & Family\n * Women’s Groups\n * Adults Without Kids\n * Teens & Colleges\n * Lodge-to-Hut Hikes\n * Custom Adventures\n * Volunteer Vacations\n * View All Guided Trips\n * Go With A Guide: Volunteer Led Trips\n\n * Adults\n * Family Outings\n * 20s & 30s\n * Adventure Travel\n * Volunteer Opportunities\n * Find a Local Chapter\n * By Activity\n\n * Hike\n * Bike\n * Paddle\n * Climb\n * Ski\n * Snowshoe\n * For Beginners\n * Search All Activities\n\n#### Resources & Training\n\n * RESOURCES & TRAINING\n\n * AMC Publications\n\n * AMC Outdoors Magazine\n * Books & Maps\n * Appalachia Journal\n * Trip Planning\n\n * Popular Trails\n * Trip Ideas & Tips\n * Gear Advice\n * Skills & Leadership\n\n * Volunteer Trail Crews\n * Leadership Training\n * Outdoor Skills\n * Volunteers\n * Mountain Leadership School\n * Youth Opportunities Program\n * CONSERVATION\n\n * Research & Advocacy\n\n * Hot Issues\n * Take Action\n * Where We Work\n * Climate & Energy\n * Land & Water\n * Maine Woods\n * Trail Stewardship\n\n * Volunteer Trail Crews\n * Professional Trail Crews\n * Contract Trail Services\n * Regional & Long Distance Trails\n\n#### Youth Programs\n\n * YOUTH PROGRAMS\n\n * School & Youth Groups\n\n * Youth Opportunities Program\n * A Mountain Classroom\n * Custom School & Group Programs\n * Families\n\n * Outdoors Rx\n * Family Adventures\n * Teens\n\n * Teen Wilderness Adventures\n * Teen Trail Crews\n * top-menu\n\n * About AMC\n * Donate\n * Membership\n * Volunteers\n\nAbout AMC Join Contact AMC Email Signup Chapters Diversity Employment Newsroom\nBlogs Privacy Policy\n\n© Copyright 2020 All Rights Reserved. Appalachian Mountain Club, 10 City\nSquare, Boston, MA 02129 P: 617-523-0655 F: 617-523-0722\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.vetstreet.com/our-pet-experts/the-10-most-trainable-dog-breeds",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419192330/http://www.vetstreet.com/our-pet-experts/the-10-most-trainable-dog-breeds",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The 10 Most Trainable Dog Breeds",
"passages": [
"How cool would it be to own a dog who can roll over on command, jump through a hoop and really just do any trick that will impress friends and family?",
"There are certain breeds who are thought to be more apt — and eager — to learn new things. In fact, to own some of these dogs, you'll probably want to come up with new tricks and tasks on a regular basis to help keep them entertained. If you're active and have the time to devote to training, then you're in the right place. If not, well, some of these dogs may be more than you bargained for. In general, these trainable dog breeds are also very energetic and intelligent, so don't expect them to settle for snoozing on the couch all day.",
"Border Collies usually like to learn — and do — new things whenever possible. This \"workaholic\" dog breed rarely sits still, so it's up to you to keep him busy with jobs and canine sports. Train him in agility, obedience, flyball, freestyle and (of course) sheep herding. Who knows? Maybe he could be the next Chaser, a Border Collie who knows a thousand words.",
"The versatile Lab can be a companion, show dog, hunting dog, canine athlete, guide dog, service dog, sniffer dog, search and rescue dog, and therapy dog, among other things. So as far as training goes, if you can teach it, the Lab can probably learn it. But you'll need to do your part to train him properly. If you've seen or read Marley and Me, then you know what a Lab puppy is capable of doing to your home when left to his own devices.",
"You'll likely need an arsenal of tricks, commands and games to keep the energetic and intelligent Australian Shepherd busy and entertained. Take advantage of his generally trainable nature by teaching him tricks you both find fun. Agility, flyball, flying disc games and herding trials can be great ways to spend time together and burn off some of his energy. But if you fail to fill his days with activities, the Aussie will probably find a (destructive) way to entertain himself.",
"It's hard for us to believe that the Border Terrier isn't more popular. The breed tends to be good with children, is pretty laid back compared to other Terriers, can adapt to a variety of living situations and is usually considered highly trainable. He often excels in dog sports like agility and can be trained to do therapy work.",
"As a generally intelligent and active breed, the German Shepherd needs a job to do. Thankfully, the breed typically responds well to training; learning new tricks is one of many things he usually enjoys. Start training him from the first day you get him, so he doesn't develop obnoxious levels of barking, digging and food stealing.",
"She may be tiny, but that doesn't stop the typically brainy Papillon from needing plenty of exercise and activities to fill her day. And we mean it. You'd be surprised how much damage and noise a bored Papillon can create! Besides teaching her tricks and taking her on plenty of walks around the neighborhood, engage her mind and body by training her to do dog sports.",
"The Poodle may be known for her looks, but she should be revered for her brains. Thanks to her heritage as a circus dog, the typically intelligent breed is often capable of learning all sorts of tricks and commands. Just don't let her outwit you (at least not too often), as she also has the potential to be rather stubborn.",
"Another smart breed, the Shetland Sheepdog is usually capable of picking up almost any trick you care to teach her, especially if it's related to agility. Besides basic commands, impress your friends by teaching her to jump through a hoop or over a bar.",
"Surprised to see the Doberman on this list? Though he may have a reputation as an attack dog, if properly trained and socialized, he can be a friendly and stable companion. He needs an owner who will give him interesting tasks to do, or out of boredom and loneliness, the Dobie may become destructive and live up to his aggressive reputation.",
"The Miniature Schnauzer's typical ability to learn combined with his high energy level can make him a prime candidate for agility and obedience competitions. Just keep in mind that this Terrier likes to bark, so curbing that behavior is one thing you'll want to teach him early on, and it's probably not something he'll ever stop doing entirely.",
"Of course, please remember that each dog is an individual, and your training experience with them will comprise many factors, such as the dog's overall health and temperament, as well as your own expertise. So though a breed on this list might be more likely to be trainable, that's never a guarantee that the pup you bring home will take to learning tricks with ease.",
"Bartonella is a type bacteria that can be transmitted to cats, dogs and humans from exposure to infected fleas and...",
"Want to give your pup yummy, low-calorie treats? We’ve got the skinny on which foods are OK to feed him.",
"Not sure about food puzzles? Our veterinarian reveals why the payoff for your pet is well worth any extra work.",
"Check out our collection of more than 250 videos about pet training, animal behavior, dog and cat breeds and more.",
"Wonder which dog or cat best fits your lifestyle? Our new tool will narrow down more than 300 breeds for you.",
"© 2001-2021 Vetstreet. All rights reserved. Powered by Brightspot.Vetstreet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See Additional Information ›"
]
},
"parsed_md": "The 10 Most Trainable Dog Breeds\n\nVetstreet\n\nSubscribe to Petwire Newsletter\n\n * About Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n * Newsletter Subscription\n * Veterinary Solutions\n * Shop Your Vet\n\n© 2001-2021 Vetstreet. All rights reserved. Powered by Brightspot.\n\nVetstreet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nAdditional Information ›\n\nVetstreet\n\n * DOGS\n * CATS\n * Marketplace\n\n * ALL NEW!\n\nFIND YOUR VET\n\n * LEARN GUIDES TO PET WELLNESS\n * CARE KEEPING YOUR PET HEALTHY\n * TRAIN UNDERSTANDING PET BEHAVIOR\n * HealthyPet Magazine\n\n * Current Issue\n * Photo Contest\n\nHome ›\n\nOur Pet Experts ›\n\nLaura Cross ›\n\nThe 10 Most Trainable Dog Breeds\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# The 10 Most Trainable Dog Breeds\n\nBy Laura Cross | July 7, 2015\n\n * Twitter\n * Print\n * Email\n\nHow cool would it be to own a dog who can roll over on command, jump through a\nhoop and really just do any trick that will impress friends and family?\n\nThere are certain breeds who are thought to be more apt — and eager — to learn\nnew things. In fact, to own some of these dogs, you'll probably want to come\nup with new tricks and tasks on a regular basis to help keep them entertained.\nIf you're active and have the time to devote to training, then you're in the\nright place. If not, well, some of these dogs may be more than you bargained\nfor. In general, these trainable dog breeds are also very energetic and\nintelligent, so don't expect them to settle for snoozing on the couch all day.\n\nFrom the brainy Border Collie to the versatile Labrador Retriever, meet 10\nbreeds that can be easy to train.\n\n«\n\n»\n\n### Dogs Who Respond Well to Training\n\nThumbnails\n\n1 of 14 « Back Next »\n\nAnna Pozzi, Animal Photography\n\n##### Border Collie\n\nBorder Collies usually like to learn — and do — new things whenever possible.\nThis \"workaholic\" dog breed rarely sits still, so it's up to you to keep him\nbusy with jobs and canine sports. Train him in agility, obedience, flyball,\nfreestyle and (of course) sheep herding. Who knows? Maybe he could be the next\nChaser, a Border Collie who knows a thousand words.\n\nAnimal Photography\n\n##### Labrador Retriever\n\nThe versatile Lab can be a companion, show dog, hunting dog, canine athlete,\nguide dog, service dog, sniffer dog, search and rescue dog, and therapy dog,\namong other things. So as far as training goes, if you can teach it, the Lab\ncan probably learn it. But you'll need to do your part to train him properly.\nIf you've seen or read Marley and Me, then you know what a Lab puppy is\ncapable of doing to your home when left to his own devices.\n\nNick Ridley, Animal Photography\n\n##### Australian Shepherd\n\nYou'll likely need an arsenal of tricks, commands and games to keep the\nenergetic and intelligent Australian Shepherd busy and entertained. Take\nadvantage of his generally trainable nature by teaching him tricks you both\nfind fun. Agility, flyball, flying disc games and herding trials can be great\nways to spend time together and burn off some of his energy. But if you fail\nto fill his days with activities, the Aussie will probably find a\n(destructive) way to entertain himself.\n\nNick Ridley, Animal Photography\n\n##### Border Terrier\n\nIt's hard for us to believe that the Border Terrier isn't more popular. The\nbreed tends to be good with children, is pretty laid back compared to other\nTerriers, can adapt to a variety of living situations and is usually\nconsidered highly trainable. He often excels in dog sports like agility and\ncan be trained to do therapy work.\n\nNick Ridley, Animal Photography\n\n##### German Shepherd Dog\n\nAs a generally intelligent and active breed, the German Shepherd needs a job\nto do. Thankfully, the breed typically responds well to training; learning new\ntricks is one of many things he usually enjoys. Start training him from the\nfirst day you get him, so he doesn't develop obnoxious levels of barking,\ndigging and food stealing.\n\nBarbara O'Brien, Animal Photography\n\n##### Papillon\n\nShe may be tiny, but that doesn't stop the typically brainy Papillon from\nneeding plenty of exercise and activities to fill her day. And we mean it.\nYou'd be surprised how much damage and noise a bored Papillon can create!\nBesides teaching her tricks and taking her on plenty of walks around the\nneighborhood, engage her mind and body by training her to do dog sports.\n\nLeesia Teh, Animal Photography\n\n##### Poodle\n\nThe Poodle may be known for her looks, but she should be revered for her\nbrains. Thanks to her heritage as a circus dog, the typically intelligent\nbreed is often capable of learning all sorts of tricks and commands. Just\ndon't let her outwit you (at least not too often), as she also has the\npotential to be rather stubborn.\n\nSally Anne Thompson, Animal Photography\n\n##### Shetland Sheepdog\n\nAnother smart breed, the Shetland Sheepdog is usually capable of picking up\nalmost any trick you care to teach her, especially if it's related to agility.\nBesides basic commands, impress your friends by teaching her to jump through a\nhoop or over a bar.\n\nAlice van Kempen, Animal Photography\n\n##### Doberman Pinscher\n\nSurprised to see the Doberman on this list? Though he may have a reputation as\nan attack dog, if properly trained and socialized, he can be a friendly and\nstable companion. He needs an owner who will give him interesting tasks to do,\nor out of boredom and loneliness, the Dobie may become destructive and live up\nto his aggressive reputation.\n\nKarin Newstrom, Animal Photography\n\n##### Miniature Schnauzer\n\nThe Miniature Schnauzer's typical ability to learn combined with his high\nenergy level can make him a prime candidate for agility and obedience\ncompetitions. Just keep in mind that this Terrier likes to bark, so curbing\nthat behavior is one thing you'll want to teach him early on, and it's\nprobably not something he'll ever stop doing entirely.\n\n * Want a Family Friendly Dog? Here's What to Look For\n * 7 Fascinating Dog Breeds That No Longer Exist\n * Meet the 10 Most Dog-Friendly Dog Breeds\n * 9 Best Dog Breeds for Living on the Water\n\nMore on Vetstreet\n\n * Life Lessons Kids Can Learn From Having Pets\n * Dog Breeds With Better Things to Do Than Learn a Trick\n * The Smartest Dog Breeds\n * How to Keep Your Dog Calm When It's Loud Outside\n * The Easiest and Most Difficult Dog Tricks to Teach\n\nOf course, please remember that each dog is an individual, and your training\nexperience with them will comprise many factors, such as the dog's overall\nhealth and temperament, as well as your own expertise. So though a breed on\nthis list might be more likely to be trainable, that's never a guarantee that\nthe pup you bring home will take to learning tricks with ease.\n\nMore on Vetstreet:\n\n * 5 Dog Breeds This Veterinarian Misses\n * Do You Know Your Dog's True Age?\n * The Truth About These Dog Behavior Myths\n * How Much Training Do Vetstreet Readers Do?\n * Dogs on Your Bed: Yay or Nay?\n\nGoogle+\n\n## Join the Conversation\n\nLike this article? Have a point of view to share? Let us know!\n\nREAD MORE: Dogs, Labrador Retriever, German Shepherd Dog, Poodle, Doberman\nPinscher, Miniature Schnauzer, Havanese, Papillon, Australian Shepherd, Border\nCollie, Border Terrier, Shetland Sheepdog, Dog Breed Slideshow, Large Dog\nBreeds, Small Dogs, Choosing a Dog, Dog Training, Medium-Sized Dogs,\nVeterinarian Reviewed, New Dog Owner Guide, Dog Breed Information\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSelect Dog or Cat.\n\n### Today on Vetstreet\n\n## Another Reason to Banish Parasites\n\nBartonella is a type bacteria that can be transmitted to cats, dogs and humans\nfrom exposure to infected fleas and...\n\nWhy diagnosis can be difficult ›\n\n## The Best Fruits and Veggies for Dogs\n\nWant to give your pup yummy, low-calorie treats? We’ve got the skinny on which\nfoods are OK to feed him.\n\nWatch our new video ›\n\n## Food Puzzles Are Worth the Effort\n\nNot sure about food puzzles? Our veterinarian reveals why the payoff for your\npet is well worth any extra work.\n\nHow to get started ›\n\n## 5 Ways to Care for Your Pet's Teeth\n\nWith these simple dental care tips, you can help keep your canine’s adorable\nsmile shiny and healthy for life.\n\nThis treat helps reduce bad breath ›\n\n## You'll Love This Curly-Coated Kitty\n\nThe friendly and inquisitive LaPerm has an easy-care coat that comes in a\nvariety of colors and patterns.\n\nSee if this cat is right for you ›\n\n## Watch the Latest Vetstreet Videos\n\nCheck out our collection of more than 250 videos about pet training, animal\nbehavior, dog and cat breeds and more.\n\nSee the newest clips ›\n\n## Take Our Breed Finder Quiz\n\nWonder which dog or cat best fits your lifestyle? Our new tool will narrow\ndown more than 300 breeds for you.\n\nFind out which pets are your best... ›\n\n### Featured Video\n\n#### Teach Your Dog to Wait for Attention\n\nIf the video doesn't start playing momentarily, please install the latest\nversion of Flash.\n\nREAD MORE: Dogs, Labrador Retriever, German Shepherd Dog, Poodle, Doberman\nPinscher, Miniature Schnauzer, Havanese, Papillon, Australian Shepherd, Border\nCollie, Border Terrier, Shetland Sheepdog, Dog Breed Slideshow, Large Dog\nBreeds, Small Dogs, Choosing a Dog, Dog Training, Medium-Sized Dogs,\nVeterinarian Reviewed, New Dog Owner Guide, Dog Breed Information\n\nThank you for subscribing.\n\nFOLLOW US ON TWITTER FOLLOW US ON FACEBOOK\n\nVetstreet\n\n#### Site Map\n\n * Find a Vet\n * Learn\n * Care\n * Train\n * HealthyPet\n * Find Your Breed\n * Site Map\n\n#### Links\n\n * About Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n * Newsletter Subscription\n * Veterinary Solutions\n * Shop Your Vet\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n * RSS\n\n© 2001-2021 Vetstreet. All rights reserved. Powered by Brightspot.Vetstreet\ndoes not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See Additional\nInformation ›\n\nTop of Page\n\n### Find a Veterinarian Near...\n\n# Vetstreet\n\nSubscribe to Petwire Newsletter\n\n© 2001-2021 Vetstreet. All rights reserved. Powered by Brightspot.\n\nVetstreet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nAdditional Information ›\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://gizmodo.com/how-to-take-your-dog-camping-1575730467",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210307025915/https://gizmodo.com/how-to-take-your-dog-camping-1575730467",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Take Your Dog Camping",
"passages": [
"Spending time together outdoors is pretty much the neatest thing you can do with your dog. Here's how to do it safely.",
"In the 14 months that we've been together, Wiley's been to Big Sur twice, the High Sierras once, chased coyotes around Joshua Tree, been attacked by a mountain lion in the Sespe Wilderness, tagged along on a dirt bike trip to Death Valley, seen a knife fight at a remote biker bar and climbed most of the mountains surrounding our home in Los Angeles.",
"Turning him into the ultimate outdoors companion has been a bit of trial and error though. I've made mistakes and we've both paid for them, but I've also learned a lot along the way. I'm not a vet or a dog trainer, but I am someone who's now able to rely on his 16 month old puppy to keep up on long, difficult trips, who trusts him to tackle dangerous obstacles by himself, can rely on him around dangerous wildlife and who sleeps soundly at night, safe in the knowledge that my dog will warn me of any problems. If he doesn't deal with them himself, that is. This is what worked for us, consult your vet about your dog's fitness and special needs and then get out there.",
"Exercise is the single best thing you can do for your dog. But, you have to start slowly. A dog's joints can be damaged by too much distance or too much exertion too early. The rule of thumb I've heard is 5 minutes of out-of-the- house exercise for each month of age, until the dog is fully-grown, twice daily. So, at three months you're doing 15 minutes, twice daily, and at six months you're doing 30 minutes. That may be Frisbee in the park or a brisk walk or whatever.",
"Having said that, Wiley started going on long hikes when he was about four months old. I just took it easy, made sure he didn't over-exert himself and had to pick him up and carry him more than a few times. Your dog will tell you if it's too much, it's just up to you to listen.",
"Don't have your dog carry any weight until he's fully grown. The age at which that occurs depends on breed and size. I waited until Wiley was nearly a year old before putting a backpack on him, and even then made sure it was light.",
"The most important piece of training you need is a reliable recall. Does your dog come when you call? Even if there's other dogs around? Even if there's distractions? Work on him at a dog park to make him reliable and train him to come both when called, and to a dog whistle; the latter carries much further.",
"\"Leave it\" or some other command to stop what they're doing and drop what's in their mouth is also really important. On Saturday, a large snake crossed the trail right in front of us. Wiley went to go grab it, but stopped the second I shouted at him.",
"Teaching your dog to stay in a car until he's invited to come out is also going to be handy. You don't want him leaping out of the car and running around on the side of a busy road. On a long trip, it's nice to be able to access your luggage, sit on the tailgate and change your shoes or any such open-door activity without having to worry about your dog's safety.",
"The more commands your dog knows the better, but the most important thing is to use positive reinforcement, encouraging your dog to trust you and demonstrating your trust in him. It's a complex relationship that's about more than a dog doing what he's told. He needs to feel like keeping up with you and staying by your side is a fun thing for him to do.",
"Wiley's first hike was about a mile long, through the red woods in Big Sur up to a waterfall. It was away from any roads, away from other people and with a couple friends. We took him off his leash at the beginning and he stayed right in the middle of our pack throughout. When we reached obstacles, we let him try and tackle them himself first, then helped him up the slippery rocks or over the running water when needed. A puppy is pretty resistant to damage and needs to develop the confidence and mental flexibility to solve problems himself; just don't allow any scenario to develop where the danger outweighs your ability to quickly and immediately make the puppy safe. It's good if he learns the consequences of falling down, but bad if he hurts himself doing it.",
"When we reached the waterfall, I slipped and fell in. Wiley — all 11 weeks and 14lbs of him — dove in to save me. That's the kind of behavior you want.",
"The same approach is applicable to going off-leash. You can learn more about that in dog training manuals — I recommend the Monks of New Skete books — start doing it where it's safe and easy for the dog to behave. That's somewhere with no roads, few people and no other dogs. Then work up to more complex environments. If you don't have a big yard, find a nearby park that's empty during the day or see if you can use a friend's yard. From there progress to local trails, again when they're quiet. Until you can rely on him totally, put your puppy back on the leash well in advance of any roads or other dogs. It's also a good idea to make going back on a leash a positive thing for the dog, not a punishment. Shower him with praise and affection when it's time to go back on.",
"Water: Set aside a collapsible or light plastic water bowl and water bottle for your dog right now. Carry a separate bottle of water for the dog, in addition to any you take for yourself. Dogs are unable to sweat, so rely on drinking water in order to cool down. During hikes, give your dog access to water any time you yourself take a break.",
"Backpacks: On long hikes and multi-day trips, the weight of water and food and other supplies for your dog can really add up, so putting that on his back might save yours. Dogs can safely carry up to 25 percent of their own body weight. When I judged it was time for Wiley to start hauling his own stuff, I bought a cheap Outward Hound pack on Amazon for $30, figuring I'd see if he took to it before investing in something nicer. I strapped it to him for his usual evening hike and carrying it became second nature after the first 15 minutes of confused protesting.",
"That same, el cheapo pack tore apart on the first day of our first backpacking trip (I rebuilt it stronger than new with paracord) and, this weekend, became a little loose during the hike, resulting in horrible blisters in one armpit and along his side. Wiley gave no signs of pain or discomfort, so it wasn't until the next morning that I discovered how hurt he was. He walked out slowly, with a limp and is taking a few days off this week to recuperate; I learned a lesson and that pack now lives in the trash can, soon to be replaced with something of higher quality. I'll be checking him regularly, throughout hikes in the future.",
"With any pack, put most of the weight (the water) low and forward, over the dog's shoulders. Don't put anything in there that can't get banged around, shaken up and soaked in water. Packs with secure harnesses and carry handles are great for helping the dog through or over obstacles, but be sure to get a proper weight bearing harness and learn how to use it if you're going to be hoisting the dog anywhere on a rope.",
"Lights: Any time you're outside during twilight or full dark, you'll want to know where your dog is and allow other people to see him too. A flashing red light that hangs on his collar is the best way to do that. This $6 Nite Ize light has lived on Wiley's collar for the last 6 months or so. It still has its original batteries and works just fine. It's survived multiple trips, submersion in water and all the abuse you can imagine.",
"Tether: Never leave a tethered dog unattended. But, at night, one can be a good way to keep your dog from wandering outside camp. A braided steel cable, sheathed in plastic is best; the dog can't bite through it. I use this one. At 30 feet, it's long enough to wrap around a big tree or rock whatever, making tying Wiley up easy wherever we are. I rarely have to do that anymore though.",
"First Aid: We'll go over dog first aid more in depth in a future article. Until then, it's very much worth investigating and preparing for on your own. Most dog first aid is the same as human first aid — stop bleeding, prevent infection — but gets a little more complicated when it comes to medicine. You can buy readymade dog first aid kits to supplement your human one.",
"Fleas and ticks: I put a Bayer Seresto collaron Wiley a few months ago and he hasn't had a single flea or tick since. Not bad when you consider the $50 collar lasts eight months. Frontline never kept the buggers off. Spraying coconut oil across his coat has also proved effective and is a healthy alternative.",
"Predators: If you have a big dog, all you have to worry about is other dogs, other humans and, if you're in their habitat, brown bears. If you have a small dog, then it's time to worry about coyotes, mountain lions, black bears and other dogs. If it's a very small dog, add big birds to that list. If your recall is 100 percent reliable, then you don't have to worry about any of this.",
"Snakes: They sell a rattlesnake vaccine, but I don't like the sound of putting poison in Wiley's body once every year. Instead, get your dog trained in snake avoidance. A handler will bring snakes either with plastic cups taped over their heads or in cages, fit your dog with an electro shock collar, then walk him around the snakes, zapping the dog anytime he approaches or shows interest in a snake. It sounds cruel, but it works. Your vet or a good pet food store should be able to recommend a snake trainer in your area.",
"Getting too cold or too hot is the fastest, easiest way for a human to die and the same thing goes for dogs. Spend less time worrying about rattlesnakes and grizzly bears and more time worrying about hyperthermia.",
"In the summer, plan hikes around water. If your dog has a readily accessible source of water to drink and splash around in, he won't overheat. Don't be tempted to shave your dog (although some very long haired dogs will benefit from a trim), hair acts like a radiator, helping them shed heat, in addition to protecting them from sunburn and scrapes from thorns and rocks. Keep an eye out for signs of overheating — coughing, laying down in the shade instead of keeping up, excessive panting, lethargy — and give your dog a break and water the second you see any of that occurring.",
"In the winter, don't think that your dog is immune to the cold just because he's wearing a fur coat. A spoiled housedog will adapt to moderate temperatures just like you do. If it's cold, keep them warm with a dog coat and look for signs of freezing — limping, shivering, walking hunched over — and get them to a warm place immediately. Snow, ice and the chemicals put down on roads and sidewalks to melt it all hurt a dog's paws. Booties are a great idea if you're going outside in cold weather. You can also help by keeping their paw fur trimmed (a hair trimmer works fine) or using a balm. Vaseline works too.",
"Also think about hydration and nutrition during the winter. Not all dogs know how to eat snow or want to. Like you, your dog will need more calories and more fat to stay warm when it's cold. A bouillon cube in warm water will get a dog to drink and warm them up before bed. They also need to get off the ground and under something warm just like you do.",
"Now, when bags and tents and boots start getting pulled out of the closet, Wiley knows what's up and excitedly runs around the house until it's time to go. Hold up his backpack and he'll run over, sit down and patiently wait while you slip it over his head and fasten the buckles. If it's just the two of us, he'll stay within a hundred yards or so of me and stay on the trail. If it's a group, he likes to walk in the middle, keeping an eye on everyone. Last weekend, he kept limping back to check on stragglers if they lagged too far behind. I don't need to worry about him around animals or people or dangerous obstacles, but sometimes I do need to lift him over a boulder or pass him down a cliff. He rarely seems more content than when he's sleeping next to a campfire.",
"Getting there has been nerve wracking at times. I've watched him stand on the very edge of a thousand foot cliff and look down and constantly fret about snakes. It also wasn't a turnkey thing, we progressed, little by little, until we trusted each other and into activities that he could comfortably manage. If you're patient, start small and work on building the kind of relationship where you dog is reliable, responsive and focused on you, then you'll be able to take your dog on adventures too. It's worth it.",
"IndefinitelyWild is a new publication about adventure travel in the outdoors, the vehicles and gear that get us there and the people we meet along the way. Follow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Take Your Dog Camping\n\n * The A.V. Club\n * Deadspin\n * Gizmodo\n * Jalopnik\n * Jezebel\n * Kotaku\n * Lifehacker\n * The Root\n * The Takeout\n * The Onion\n * The Inventory\n\nWe come from the future\n\nShopSubscribe\n\nWe come from the future\n\n# How To Take Your Dog Camping\n\nWes Siler\n\n5/13/14 1:09PM\n\n101\n\n29\n\nSpending time together outdoors is pretty much the neatest thing you can do\nwith your dog. Here's how to do it safely.\n\nIn the 14 months that we've been together, Wiley's been to Big Sur twice, the\nHigh Sierras once, chased coyotes around Joshua Tree, been attacked by a\nmountain lion in the Sespe Wilderness, tagged along on a dirt bike trip to\nDeath Valley, seen a knife fight at a remote biker bar and climbed most of the\nmountains surrounding our home in Los Angeles.\n\n###### Found: California’s Lost Bighorn Sheep\n\nHidden deep within the wilderness north of Los Angeles is rumored to be a lost\nherd of endangered...\n\nRead more\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTurning him into the ultimate outdoors companion has been a bit of trial and\nerror though. I've made mistakes and we've both paid for them, but I've also\nlearned a lot along the way. I'm not a vet or a dog trainer, but I am someone\nwho's now able to rely on his 16 month old puppy to keep up on long, difficult\ntrips, who trusts him to tackle dangerous obstacles by himself, can rely on\nhim around dangerous wildlife and who sleeps soundly at night, safe in the\nknowledge that my dog will warn me of any problems. If he doesn't deal with\nthem himself, that is. This is what worked for us, consult your vet about your\ndog's fitness and special needs and then get out there.\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nSony - 55\" Class X750H Series LED 4K UHD Smart Android TV\n\nDevelopment\n\nExercise is the single best thing you can do for your dog. But, you have to\nstart slowly. A dog's joints can be damaged by too much distance or too much\nexertion too early. The rule of thumb I've heard is 5 minutes of out-of-the-\nhouse exercise for each month of age, until the dog is fully-grown, twice\ndaily. So, at three months you're doing 15 minutes, twice daily, and at six\nmonths you're doing 30 minutes. That may be Frisbee in the park or a brisk\nwalk or whatever.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nHaving said that, Wiley started going on long hikes when he was about four\nmonths old. I just took it easy, made sure he didn't over-exert himself and\nhad to pick him up and carry him more than a few times. Your dog will tell you\nif it's too much, it's just up to you to listen.\n\nDon't have your dog carry any weight until he's fully grown. The age at which\nthat occurs depends on breed and size. I waited until Wiley was nearly a year\nold before putting a backpack on him, and even then made sure it was light.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTraining\n\nThe most important piece of training you need is a reliable recall. Does your\ndog come when you call? Even if there's other dogs around? Even if there's\ndistractions? Work on him at a dog park to make him reliable and train him to\ncome both when called, and to a dog whistle; the latter carries much further.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n\"Leave it\" or some other command to stop what they're doing and drop what's in\ntheir mouth is also really important. On Saturday, a large snake crossed the\ntrail right in front of us. Wiley went to go grab it, but stopped the second I\nshouted at him.\n\nTeaching your dog to stay in a car until he's invited to come out is also\ngoing to be handy. You don't want him leaping out of the car and running\naround on the side of a busy road. On a long trip, it's nice to be able to\naccess your luggage, sit on the tailgate and change your shoes or any such\nopen-door activity without having to worry about your dog's safety.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThe more commands your dog knows the better, but the most important thing is\nto use positive reinforcement, encouraging your dog to trust you and\ndemonstrating your trust in him. It's a complex relationship that's about more\nthan a dog doing what he's told. He needs to feel like keeping up with you and\nstaying by your side is a fun thing for him to do.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nStart Slowly\n\nWiley's first hike was about a mile long, through the red woods in Big Sur up\nto a waterfall. It was away from any roads, away from other people and with a\ncouple friends. We took him off his leash at the beginning and he stayed right\nin the middle of our pack throughout. When we reached obstacles, we let him\ntry and tackle them himself first, then helped him up the slippery rocks or\nover the running water when needed. A puppy is pretty resistant to damage and\nneeds to develop the confidence and mental flexibility to solve problems\nhimself; just don't allow any scenario to develop where the danger outweighs\nyour ability to quickly and immediately make the puppy safe. It's good if he\nlearns the consequences of falling down, but bad if he hurts himself doing it.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nWhen we reached the waterfall, I slipped and fell in. Wiley — all 11 weeks and\n14lbs of him — dove in to save me. That's the kind of behavior you want.\n\nThe same approach is applicable to going off-leash. You can learn more about\nthat in dog training manuals — I recommend the Monks of New Skete books —\nstart doing it where it's safe and easy for the dog to behave. That's\nsomewhere with no roads, few people and no other dogs. Then work up to more\ncomplex environments. If you don't have a big yard, find a nearby park that's\nempty during the day or see if you can use a friend's yard. From there\nprogress to local trails, again when they're quiet. Until you can rely on him\ntotally, put your puppy back on the leash well in advance of any roads or\nother dogs. It's also a good idea to make going back on a leash a positive\nthing for the dog, not a punishment. Shower him with praise and affection when\nit's time to go back on.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nSet your dog up for success and he will succeed.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSupplies\n\nWater: Set aside a collapsible or light plastic water bowl and water bottle\nfor your dog right now. Carry a separate bottle of water for the dog, in\naddition to any you take for yourself. Dogs are unable to sweat, so rely on\ndrinking water in order to cool down. During hikes, give your dog access to\nwater any time you yourself take a break.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBackpacks: On long hikes and multi-day trips, the weight of water and food and\nother supplies for your dog can really add up, so putting that on his back\nmight save yours. Dogs can safely carry up to 25 percent of their own body\nweight. When I judged it was time for Wiley to start hauling his own stuff, I\nbought a cheap Outward Hound pack on Amazon for $30, figuring I'd see if he\ntook to it before investing in something nicer. I strapped it to him for his\nusual evening hike and carrying it became second nature after the first 15\nminutes of confused protesting.\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nOutward Hound Kyjen 2490 Dog Backpack, Large,\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThat same, el cheapo pack tore apart on the first day of our first backpacking\ntrip (I rebuilt it stronger than new with paracord) and, this weekend, became\na little loose during the hike, resulting in horrible blisters in one armpit\nand along his side. Wiley gave no signs of pain or discomfort, so it wasn't\nuntil the next morning that I discovered how hurt he was. He walked out\nslowly, with a limp and is taking a few days off this week to recuperate; I\nlearned a lesson and that pack now lives in the trash can, soon to be replaced\nwith something of higher quality. I'll be checking him regularly, throughout\nhikes in the future.\n\nWith any pack, put most of the weight (the water) low and forward, over the\ndog's shoulders. Don't put anything in there that can't get banged around,\nshaken up and soaked in water. Packs with secure harnesses and carry handles\nare great for helping the dog through or over obstacles, but be sure to get a\nproper weight bearing harness and learn how to use it if you're going to be\nhoisting the dog anywhere on a rope.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLights: Any time you're outside during twilight or full dark, you'll want to\nknow where your dog is and allow other people to see him too. A flashing red\nlight that hangs on his collar is the best way to do that. This $6 Nite Ize\nlight has lived on Wiley's collar for the last 6 months or so. It still has\nits original batteries and works just fine. It's survived multiple trips,\nsubmersion in water and all the abuse you can imagine.\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nNite Ize Spotlit LED Carabiner Light – White (SLG-03-02)...\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTether: Never leave a tethered dog unattended. But, at night, one can be a\ngood way to keep your dog from wandering outside camp. A braided steel cable,\nsheathed in plastic is best; the dog can't bite through it. I use this one. At\n30 feet, it's long enough to wrap around a big tree or rock whatever, making\ntying Wiley up easy wherever we are. I rarely have to do that anymore though.\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nBoss Pet - Prestige 40ft Large Dog Tie Out with\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFirst Aid: We'll go over dog first aid more in depth in a future article.\nUntil then, it's very much worth investigating and preparing for on your own.\nMost dog first aid is the same as human first aid — stop bleeding, prevent\ninfection — but gets a little more complicated when it comes to medicine. You\ncan buy readymade dog first aid kits to supplement your human one.\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nVSI Sport Dog First Aid Kit Heavy Duty Classic Brown Travel...\n\nAdvertisement\n\nOther Animals\n\nFleas and ticks: I put a Bayer Seresto collaron Wiley a few months ago and he\nhasn't had a single flea or tick since. Not bad when you consider the $50\ncollar lasts eight months. Frontline never kept the buggers off. Spraying\ncoconut oil across his coat has also proved effective and is a healthy\nalternative.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nSeresto Flea and Tick Collar for Dogs, 8-Month Flea and...\n\nPredators: If you have a big dog, all you have to worry about is other dogs,\nother humans and, if you're in their habitat, brown bears. If you have a small\ndog, then it's time to worry about coyotes, mountain lions, black bears and\nother dogs. If it's a very small dog, add big birds to that list. If your\nrecall is 100 percent reliable, then you don't have to worry about any of\nthis.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSnakes: They sell a rattlesnake vaccine, but I don't like the sound of putting\npoison in Wiley's body once every year. Instead, get your dog trained in snake\navoidance. A handler will bring snakes either with plastic cups taped over\ntheir heads or in cages, fit your dog with an electro shock collar, then walk\nhim around the snakes, zapping the dog anytime he approaches or shows interest\nin a snake. It sounds cruel, but it works. Your vet or a good pet food store\nshould be able to recommend a snake trainer in your area.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nWeather Extremes\n\nGetting too cold or too hot is the fastest, easiest way for a human to die and\nthe same thing goes for dogs. Spend less time worrying about rattlesnakes and\ngrizzly bears and more time worrying about hyperthermia.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIn the summer, plan hikes around water. If your dog has a readily accessible\nsource of water to drink and splash around in, he won't overheat. Don't be\ntempted to shave your dog (although some very long haired dogs will benefit\nfrom a trim), hair acts like a radiator, helping them shed heat, in addition\nto protecting them from sunburn and scrapes from thorns and rocks. Keep an eye\nout for signs of overheating — coughing, laying down in the shade instead of\nkeeping up, excessive panting, lethargy — and give your dog a break and water\nthe second you see any of that occurring.\n\nIn the winter, don't think that your dog is immune to the cold just because\nhe's wearing a fur coat. A spoiled housedog will adapt to moderate\ntemperatures just like you do. If it's cold, keep them warm with a dog coat\nand look for signs of freezing — limping, shivering, walking hunched over —\nand get them to a warm place immediately. Snow, ice and the chemicals put down\non roads and sidewalks to melt it all hurt a dog's paws. Booties are a great\nidea if you're going outside in cold weather. You can also help by keeping\ntheir paw fur trimmed (a hair trimmer works fine) or using a balm. Vaseline\nworks too.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAlso think about hydration and nutrition during the winter. Not all dogs know\nhow to eat snow or want to. Like you, your dog will need more calories and\nmore fat to stay warm when it's cold. A bouillon cube in warm water will get a\ndog to drink and warm them up before bed. They also need to get off the ground\nand under something warm just like you do.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nDog Life On The Trail\n\nNow, when bags and tents and boots start getting pulled out of the closet,\nWiley knows what's up and excitedly runs around the house until it's time to\ngo. Hold up his backpack and he'll run over, sit down and patiently wait while\nyou slip it over his head and fasten the buckles. If it's just the two of us,\nhe'll stay within a hundred yards or so of me and stay on the trail. If it's a\ngroup, he likes to walk in the middle, keeping an eye on everyone. Last\nweekend, he kept limping back to check on stragglers if they lagged too far\nbehind. I don't need to worry about him around animals or people or dangerous\nobstacles, but sometimes I do need to lift him over a boulder or pass him down\na cliff. He rarely seems more content than when he's sleeping next to a\ncampfire.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n###### How Adopting A Dog Saved My Life\n\nWhen Wiley first came home last February, I was barely able to walk,\ndesperately single and...\n\nRead more\n\nGetting there has been nerve wracking at times. I've watched him stand on the\nvery edge of a thousand foot cliff and look down and constantly fret about\nsnakes. It also wasn't a turnkey thing, we progressed, little by little, until\nwe trusted each other and into activities that he could comfortably manage. If\nyou're patient, start small and work on building the kind of relationship\nwhere you dog is reliable, responsive and focused on you, then you'll be able\nto take your dog on adventures too. It's worth it.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLead and final images: Chris Brinlee Jr\n\nIndefinitelyWild is a new publication about adventure travel in the outdoors,\nthe vehicles and gear that get us there and the people we meet along the way.\nFollow us on Facebook, Twitter and Instagram.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### Share This Story\n\n#### Get our `newsletter`\n\n### DISCUSSION\n\nkalepiddlepole\n\n5/23/14 4:35PM\n\nheed this advice everyone, otherwise this may be you with your dog\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://chasingdogtales.com/how-to-train-your-dog-to-walk-off-leash-a-hikers-guide/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210225224233/http://chasingdogtales.com/how-to-train-your-dog-to-walk-off-leash-a-hikers-guide/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Train Your Dog to Walk Off Leash",
"passages": [
"There’s only one thing that Haley loves more than playing with her basketball, and that’s going for an off-leash hike. The moment I let her loose, her eyes brighten, a smile spreads across her face and there’s a joyful bounce in her gait as she begins to connect with her wild, canine ancestors and become one with nature. She can run wild then stop abruptly to investigate any scent she pleases; she explores the world on her terms instead of at the end of a six- foot leash. It’s just as much fun for me too, watching her enjoy her freedom while I also have the freedom from being on my end of the leash.",
"Trusting Haley to hike off leash didn’t happen overnight or even within the first year of her life. It took a lot of training and bonding time with her before I felt comfortable letting her have some freedom. There’s always an element of risk when you let your dog off leash, even with a well-trained dog with excellent recall, but the tips below can help you avoid some of the common problems you might run into when you train your dog to walk off leash.",
"Unfortunately, off-leash hiking is not for every dog. For example, some independent breeds are prone to run if let off leash, sight hounds and scent hounds that were bred to chase prey or follow scents may be harder to train and terriers may be more interested in chasing a small animal than the treat you’re carrying in your pocket. That’s not to say you can’t train any of these dogs to stay with you when off leash, but it may be more challenging to train some dogs. Unneutered male dogs that like to roam, aggressive or unsocialized dogs and dogs with extremely high prey drives are probably not good candidates for off-leash hiking. Every dog is different and even within a particular breed there are dogs that don’t fit the norm for breed description. You know your dog best and it’s important to consider all these factors before deciding if off-leash walking is right for your dog.",
"Before attempting an off-leash walk with your dog, she must come to you reliably when called, even around distractions. And there are a lot of distractions when hiking off leash, new sights, sounds and scents all along the trail. The treat that got your dog’s attention in your living room won’t be very appealing compared to what nature has to offer. If your dog needs to work on recall, check out Help! My Dog Doesn’t Come When Called for some tips. It’s also a good idea for your dog to be reliable with the Sit and Stay commands in case they’re needed on the trail.",
"Before you hit the trails, practice your dog’s recall in a fenced area or on a long leash. A dog park is a good practice location if you visit during off- peak hours. After your dog comes to you reliably, work in new areas that are safe but have more distractions. Practice sending your dog out to explore something nearby with the Go command, then call her back and reward her for returning. Keep practicing until you’re confident with your dog’s recall skills.",
"Be energetic and playful when you call your dog back. Always reward her with praise, treats or a favorite toy if she’s play motivated. It’s very important that you make it a fun and positive experience every time your dog comes to you, then release her to go right back and explore some more. If you only call your dog when it’s time to put her leash back on, she’ll learn not to come right away.",
"Research hiking areas ahead of time and note any areas where dogs or off-leash dogs are not permitted. Most parks and trails are marked, but you could be fined if you’re caught walking off-leash where it’s prohibited. When exploring a new area or trail for the first time, have a trail map if possible and keep your dog on a leash until you know the area well. You don’t want your dog to be the first one to discover a cliff up ahead or have her jump into a fast moving river. Also, be aware of hunting and trapping seasons in national forests or other remote hiking locations and take precautions to avoid injuries. Have your dog wear a hunter’s orange or brightly-colored vest and keep your dog from wandering off the main trail.",
"Also called a double ring collar, both types have a second ring on the back of the collar which makes it easy to quickly leash your dog when necessary. There’s no reaching under their chin or sliding the collar around to find the connector ring. While on the subject of collars, make sure your dog is wearing an ID tag in case she gets lost while hiking. If you do a lot of hiking or a lot of worrying about hiking with your dog off leash, a GPS tracking collar might be a good investment.",
"Wait until you’re in an area that’s safe (away from roads or other dangers) and where you feel comfortable before letting your dog off leash. When Haley’s off leash, I still carry her leash in my hand so it’s ready when I need it. We mostly like to hike on remote trails but out of common courtesy, I always leash Haley if we come across other hikers or dogs. Even if your dog is generally friendly with other dogs, you don’t know if someone else’s dog is going to be friendly. Always leash your dog in busy areas or if you feel uncomfortable with the environment.",
"Be watchful of your dog at all times. She shouldn’t get too far ahead or too far behind you and she should never be out of your sight. You want her close enough that you can see if she suddenly starts to stray off the trail or if she comes across something gross like a dead animal carcass. Also keep an eye on the trail both ahead of you and behind you for other people and dogs. Joggers tend to catch me off guard sometimes, but I try to keep an eye out for them and leash Haley while they pass. If your dog is well trained and bonded to you, you’ll notice them keeping an eye on you as well. Haley usually hikes twice the distance as I do, because she’s constantly running ahead and then coming back to check in with me, but she always keeps an eye on where I am.",
"Haley’s got a pretty good prey drive and there have been a few times where she bolted off the trail after a squirrel or herd of deer, but luckily she stopped quickly when I called her off the chase. I don’t want her to get lost by chasing something too far away and I feel we should respect the animal’s territory when we’re visiting their neck of the woods. Besides, she gets her fill of chasing wildlife when they happen to encroach into her territory in the backyard. Also, while bears do sh*t in the woods, we should pick up after our dogs if they do.",
"Even though Haley’s been hiking off leash for most of her life, I continue to reinforce her recall skills by occasionally calling her away from interesting things and giving her lots of praise and rewards for listening. When she listens well in extreme situations when I know it’s very challenging for her to come to me or stay on the trail, she might get all the treats I have in my pocket! Try not to get aggravated by challenges you meet on the trail, such as running into other hikers or dogs. Every challenge is an opportunity for training that you usually can’t duplicate at home. I also like to keep Haley on her toes when she’s out in front of me by occasionally stopping, turning around and walking in the opposite direction or taking a different path when I reach a fork in the trail. It helps reinforce her need to watch me closely and stay tuned in to where I am and what I’m doing.",
"Off-leash hiking is my favorite activity to do with Haley. Even though there’s an element of risk and I know that no dog is 100 percent reliable in any situation, there’s something really special about being able to watch her just be a dog.",
"Do you enjoy off-leash hiking with your dog? Share your tips on how to train your dog to walk off leash!",
"My big dogs do well off leash, but I’ll probably never be able to let my Chewy run wild and free. Only in our fenced back yard.",
"Yes, there are definitely some dogs that will take off when given the opportunity no matter how much you try to train them. Chewy has lots of company and interesting things to keep him busy with your gang.",
"Great tips!!! I could never do that with my huskies. Unfortunately it’s just in their breed that they are notorious for not being trusted off lead. Although I have taught a good solid recall with them, I still wouldn’t feel comfortable attempting it. But I would absolutely love to take them on an off leash hike! ღ husky hugz ღ frum our pack at Love is being owned by a husky!",
"I’ve seen pictures of some beautiful, large dog parks that have hiking trails and are also fenced in around the perimeter. Unfortunately, we don’t have any parks like that around here, but maybe there’s a place near you where could take the Sibe Tribe for some off-leash hiking without the fear of them running off too far or getting lost.",
"Great tips! We live on some acreage, fortunately, so the dogs can run. Good thing because they need alot of work in the recall department.",
"That’s really ideal for your dogs! I would love to have some acreage and of course that would mean a few more dogs to go along with it. 🙂",
"We don’t do off leash hiking. (For many reasons – we have rattlesnakes here and ticks and they are all lurking just off the trail. Not to mention the poison oak and the coyotes. I need Rita to stay right beside me on the trail and not veer off it at all. ) And I have to admit – I hate it when others do. I’ve rarely encountered an off-leash dog that will stay by it’s owners side. And then we get rushed at and since Rita is on-leash while they’re not, she can turn into a snarly whirling dervish. Not very fun! There are signs all over the hiking trails here to keep dogs leashed – and it’s for good reason with all the dangers there are on the trails here. It’s great when dogs can run and romp off-leash, but it’s definitely not advisable here in So Cal.",
"We visited my son in Texas not too long ago and kept Haley very close too because of the rattlesnakes and other interesting wildlife lurking in the brush. A lot of people there get their dogs vaccinated for rattlesnake bites, but I’m not sure how effective the vaccines are.",
"It is very aggravating to come across off-leash dogs in an area where they should be leashed. Last year while hiking in a park where all dogs are supposed to be leased, I ended up getting bit by a small, off-leash dog that approached Haley and wanted to fight with her. Instinctually, I stepped in front of the dog to block it and to protect Haley, so the dog bit me on the leg instead, ugh! Of course, the owners were quite a ways down the trail and totally oblivious about the situation. The park was pretty crowded with lots of kids and 80 percent of the dogs were off leash. We ran into a park ranger later that day who informed us that the park doesn’t enforce the leash rule.",
"I’m not sure how effective those vaccines are either. My friend had a rattler in their backyard so she took her dog to one of the local classes that trains dogs to stay away from rattlers – but it was very aversive training (they used shock collars) so I wouldn’t put Rita through that!",
"And I hear you on stepping in front to protect your own dog/keep the dogs apart. Luckily I haven’t been bit that way, but have gotten scratched up – and almost knocked down – a couple of times.",
"I wish only good dog owners w/ well-trained dogs would let their dogs off- leash, but that’s a pipe dream. :\\",
"Well I live in Phoenix and I am trying to teach my dog to stay 10 to 15 feet ahead of me. I did not do the rattlesnake training and my dog Rowdy has seen 8 rattlers so far. And on one night he started jumping and barking and I went over to see what was up and it was a Diamondback. Just the other day he warned me of a scorpion which was a pretty big one. He has also encountered a Gila Monster. He was a abused dog before I got him. He has it made now. We will finish the year with just over 1,200 miles of hiking and he loves to hike. Sometime when we are in a new place I have him stay behind me and he does. But when he gets in front of me sometimes he gets further a head than I like. Now if I just sit down he will come looking for me which I like. I just want him to stay where I can see him.",
"Oh wow, Rowdy has a lot to deal with there in Arizona and I can see why you would like to keep him a little closer. It almost sounds like he has an intuitive sense about being wary of snakes, scorpions and Gila Monsters, but you never known when one might catch him off-guard.",
"Haley usually hikes about 10-20 feet in front of me too but I trained her to come back and stay closer when I give her the “Stay Here” command. I started working with her by calling her back when she would get too far ahead and saying “Stay Here”. When she would creep too far ahead, I would say “Ah Uh” (a gentler form of “No”) which would make her slow up and then I would repeat the “Stay Here” command. She caught on pretty quick to what I wanted her to do and of course, you can use any commands or sounds that make sense to you and Rowdy. Maybe you can try something similar when Rowdy starts to get to where he’s almost out of sight.",
"Another thing I did with Haley was to test her occasionally by hiding from her (or taking a different fork in the trail) if she got too far ahead. She would turn around expecting to see me and be surprised that I wasn’t in sight. She would then come running to find me. It taught her to keep a closer eye on me and keep looking back to check in. In her mind, she’s probably thinking that her human is rather dense and has a tendency to get lost, haha!",
"It sounds like Rowdy has really bonded to you and it probably wouldn’t be too hard to train him to stay a little closer. You’ve given him a wonderful new life with lots of hiking adventures. That’s fantastic!! ?",
"USE a twenty foot lead. let him feed it out then hold it there. When he comes to the end of the rope give a recognizable command. I call it an attention command. it has to be a short sharp sounding word. Like say “TAT’ or “HIT” something you only use to stop the dog in its tracks. Said with a sharp forceful command. You can accompany the command with a pointed finger as well. The dog will get used to how far he can travel and stay with in the bounds. A dog that is well socialized and bonded to you will always seek you out if the dog likes to run too far ahead while training do not chase after it or call it back just duck out of sight and hid. The dog will came to find you and after that it will know where you and stay where you want it to be. Works for me and I have had a lot of dogs.",
"I live in an urban setting – therefore I am not afforded many places where we could enjoy “off-leash” activities other then our backyard. I am, however, getting ready to start professional off leash training with my Boys but I’m doing it because I want them trained for obedience. If I’m ever fortunate to be in an area safe for off leash fun – then it will come in handy then too! I love to see dogs free.",
"I’m looking forward to reading about the off-leash training with Harley and Jax. I’ve noticed a trend with some trainers now endorsing basic obedience as off-leash courses which is really interesting. I guess their theory is that your dog should be trained to stay with you and listen to commands without any physical cues from the leash.",
"I’m glad you’re one of the responsible off-leash hikers! I went for a 5 mile hike at Raven Rock Park in NC this past weekend, and encountered several off- leash dogs along the way (although the park requires all dogs to be on a 6 ft leash).",
"I didn’t take the pups this time around because I wasn’t sure how shaded the trails were, so I personally didn’t have a problem with having loose dogs around me.",
"However, I wouldn’t have appreciated people disregarding the leash laws had Missy & Buzz been along for the hike. There’s this immediate imbalance that’s created between leashed and non-leashed dogs, and you just never know how dogs who don’t know one another will behave. Besides that, there are also people who aren’t part of our dog loving circle, and who are downright afraid of dogs (I know, hard to comprehend!!).",
"Not a single one of those dogs I encountered along the hike had a solid recall, by the way. One young German Shepherd (couldn’t have been older than maybe 8 months, and super cute!) ended up standing right in the middle of a footbridge, causing some oncoming hikers to stop because they were obviously scared of dogs.",
"The GSD’s handlers (2 guys in their late 20s/early 30s) were trying to charm their way out of the situation by saying “Oh don’t worry, she’s friendly”, instead of calling the dog back to them, leashing her (the law required her to be leashed in the first place), and apologizing for the awkward situation. My friend (also the owner of a pet sitting business) & I just walked onto the bridge and past the dog without saying anything.",
"The guys were right, their dog was definitely friendly and just a curious pup having a good time, but people who don’t surround themselves with dogs all the time will not come to that same conclusion because they are likely going to be afraid, or at least apprehensive, regardless.",
"Long story short, I think it’s important to respect leash laws in order to cast a good light on dog ownership and of course to ensure the safety of our pups.",
"I only let my pups Missy & Buzz run around off leash when we’re in an enclosed area. Buzz’s recall is very good, while Missy’s is not the greatest around distractions.",
"I know that I can always get Buzz’s attention back on me when I have a ball in my hands ~ he will even pass up small animals (and even some treats) when he knows that he could have some ball time instead! Missy, however, is all about chasing “prey”...",
"You bring up a lot of good points, Barbara. I’ve seen plenty of people with off-leash dogs that don’t have control of them and it does cause a lot of problems. The strange thing about our area is, we mostly hike remote trails or trails where there are no leash regulations and we rarely run into anyone else or their dogs, yet in the parks that are crowded where they have leash rules, most of the dogs are running off leash and causing problems for the dogs that are leashed.",
"I’m not sure why the people that want to do off-leash hiking don’t go to the more remote trails because it’s really too much of a hassle to walk your dog off leash around a lot of people anyway. Maybe they think they’re doing a good thing by socializing their dogs and allowing them to approach and “meet” other dogs, but it’s aggravating when park officials openly condone people ignoring the leash laws (they don’t even mention it when passing someone with an off- leash dog) because it does lead to a lot of conflicts between leashed and unleashed dogs.",
"Like I mentioned to Jackie, on the day we hiked the park where I got bit by the dog, I heard probably 3 or 4 different vocal conflicts between various dogs just while we were there. When I mentioned all the off-leash dogs to the park ranger, she said “Everybody does it, we’re not going to say anything”",
"Mr. N is a terrier so he’s definitely interested in all sorts of prey animals. I’ve worked with him a lot on recall and now he’s very good at it. We practice periodically and I’ll hide from him so he knows he has to keep an eye on me!",
"I’ve heard it can be challenging to train recall in terriers, especially when they’re off-leash. Mr. N sounds very well trained! I especially like to hide from Haley if she ever gets a little too far ahead or behind, it’s a good reminder for her to pay attention and she usually stays much closer after that.",
"I’ve read quite a few posts about hiking with your dog, and it sounds great! I really like the tip of practising off leash walking in a safe area first, it’s a very important point! And thank you again for the nomination last week, I loved flicking through our old photos!",
"There are all really great tips. I’m thankful I’m also able to take Ace on off-leash hikes. He’s very treat, toy and praise motivated, so obviously that really works to our advantage! The recall is something we are always working on though, as no dog is ever perfect.",
"One thing I would add is that when a dog gets to experience off-leash freedom on a regular basis, the dog feels no need to bolt or run off if he gets the chance. Well, at least that’s the case with my dog. Since he gets to run around off leash almost every day, if the door is left open momentarily or whatever, he just walks out and stands right next to us. No need for him to be like, “Freedoomm! Woo! Catch me if you can!” 🙂",
"You could be right about that, Lindsay. Maybe the more experience a dog has off-leash, the more they view it as normal and not a situation to be taken advantage of. That’s an interesting thought.",
"Oh, the center ring collars are also made for hunting or sporting dogs that could get tangled up or snagged on a branch or something in the woods. As long as they’re not on too tight, the dog can back out of the collar if he needs to and free himself. It’s nice that you can also use them for quick leashing.",
"I love off-leash hiking with my dogs. Unfortunately Sampson is the only one I can let off leash, because Delilah has a tendency to run off on me. The other day I had them both on leash in the woods and I actually had that thought, “Wow, I remember how I enjoyed hiking so much more when they were both off- leash.”",
"Now Delilah gets little increments of time off-leash, but most of her time is on leash. I also use the “Go Check” command with her, where I let her off leash and tell her to “Go Check”, typically she comes right back to me, but I can’t trust her all the time.",
"It’s still nice that Delilah gets a little time off leash every now and then. She’s a free spirit and keeps all of us entertained, that’s for sure!",
"I’m going to use your great tips. We have lots of hiking trails in my area where dogs are welcome, but it’s always worried me to have my dogs walk off leash. Thank you for this post.",
"I hope it works out well for you Sharon. With Haley, it was a process of working to train her and slowly giving her a little freedom at a time in safe areas until I could trust her to be reliable. It’s nice that you have a lot of off-leash walking trails in your area, I sure wish we had more around here. Happy hiking!",
"Honey also loves off-leash play time. But we haven’t done it as much in Cambridge because she’s developed a fascination with bunnies–who are very plentiful here.",
"Even though she’s 99% reliable in upstate NY, the presence of new creatures in MD make her a higher risk here. But we’re working on it.",
"We start our practice with Honey dragging her leash so I can step on it quickly if she looks to interested in something besides me.",
"That’s a great leash tip, Pamela. I sometimes do that with Haley too if she tends to get overly excited when we have a new doggie guest visiting our home. Good luck working with Honey on the bunny training!",
"It really takes time and patience. Living in the Arizona Desert we have all kinds of wildlife here. Rowdy used to chase rabbits and prairie dogs. But after hearing about a dog that was killed chasing rabbits by a rattlesnake I got more involved with his training. And now he no longer chases them. Of course sometime we he see one he looks right at like can I buts no. Rowdy has gotten into two fights with coyotes and I jumped in a broke it up. I think people need to be aware of other animals and what they will or will not do. I seen Bobcats and Mountain Lions out here and what I have read and learn is to show no fear and just back off and everybody will be happy.",
"We have some coyotes around here too and they’ve been known to snatch smaller dogs off people’s porches or yards. That would be pretty scary to have to break up a fight between your dog and a coyote, yikes!",
"Great article! I have had mini schnauzers my whole life, and they have never been allowed off leash. They just have no recall no matter how hard I try. A year ago, I got my first German Shepherd. She’ll be a year old in two weeks, and we just perfected our recall enough to walk off leash and have her accompany me on my horseback rides. Absolutely love seeing her have so much fun (:",
"I grew up with miniature schnauzers too! My parents never tried off-leash walking with them but I’m sure they would have wandered too because they didn’t have good recall either. It sounds like you’ve done a wonderful job working with your german shepherd, especially to say she isn’t even a year old yet. There’s something very special about watching your dog get to “be a dog” and explore around a little bit off-leash. I bet she loves coming along on your rides! ?",
"I had a akc husky for 14 years. I will be glad to share how I was able to teach her how to be solid off leash. I had received so many complements when folks saw me hiking or montain biking with her off leash by my side. I miss my girl. But, I now have two ausie both able to be off leash. One is 12 and one is 9. They are never on lead when hiking or in my yard. Both are very attentive to my movement. I have a neighbor who saw my ausie, went to my breeder and baught one. His is also very good off leash.",
"That would be great! I’d love to hear more about how you trained your husky and the aussies. I know huskies can be especially challenging when off leash since they enjoy roaming and exploring sometimes. It sounds like you’ve done a wonderful job with their training.",
"Certain breeds of dogs are better to look for if wanting to have them off leash. You must understand the groupings of breeds and what the breed is designed to do. For anyone wanting a breed that is easier to train off leash, I would say they should look to the herding group or possible the gun dog group. The easiest breed I have ever delt with is my Australian Shepherds. When I decided to get these two I have now, I was able to go to the farm, see these puppies outside with no fence and big fields. Not one ran off and they all followed my family all around the back of the breeders house along with the parents jumping and nipping at us. Lol there herding instincts where strong and we were sold. It is so important to pick from a pure breed breeder who breeds small quantities and uses the dogs for what they where designed to do. My ausie breeder put s the pups parents in herding compotitions and it shows. As far as my sweet husky Jasmine was concerned, lol she took two years of hard work before I understood how to get her to want to stay with me. Luckily, I live in the country. In those first two years, she ran off a number of times. Lol. She had got to the point of even knowing when her leash was on and what it meant when the leash came off. Run, Run and run.lol Electric collar did not work, Electric dog fence did not work. Boy, I could tell you stories about her all day long. What finally occurred for me was a thunder bolt idea. I bought a mountain bike. I walked her beside the bike with her leash attached for a few weeks. Then I rode it for two more weeks. Once I saw she was comfortable with my bike and leash control while riding, I took her for her first long run with my bike. We went to the mountains and I rode for two hours, then when we got home, I would take her for a walk. While walking her, I would stop at a field and let her off her lead. It was like a miracle she didn’t run off. We walked around that field and she just followed. So this became my routine. Saturdays, Sundays and any days off, I would take her on those bike rides in the mountains and come home and walk her. Days I worked Monday thru Friday, I would walk her in the morning, and walk her at night. By the end of that third year, I was able to go to the mountains, unleash her and she would follow me all day if I wanted . The horse back riders and hikers and passed were amazed. This the translated to my yard and my trip to the hardware store to get my paper. Once she trusted me, she didnt run off anymore.You have got to be an active person if you want your dog to want to be with you. The more active you are, the more challenging of a breed you can try. Most people don’t understand though, they want a cookie cutter follower. That is not why you get a dog. You get the dog to be your best friend. You have to do as much as you can with them and you will be rewarded. I would love to talk more about it. This typing makes for to long of a read.",
"First, thank you so much for taking the time to share your experience with your Australian shepherds and your husky, Jasmine. You made so many valid and helpful points and hopefully I can summarize them adequately here.",
"1. Select a breed that best fits your lifestyle and what you enjoy doing. Some breeds are easier to train and more likely to stay with you off-leash but if you’re not an active person and you select a high-energy, active breed, you’re both going to be frustrated with each other.",
"2. If you’re working against a breed’s nature, like wanting a husky to stay right with you, it’s going to take a lot of work and you may or may not be successful.",
"3. Find a way to connect and support your dog’s needs. You had a fantastic idea of supporting Jasmine’s need to run by riding along side of her on the mountain bike.",
"4. Sometimes you need to exercise your dog to release some of their energy before working on training. With Jasmine’s energy released and her need to run fulfilled, she was ready to follow you and stay with you.",
"5. If you make an effort to connect with your dog and fulfill their needs by doing something together, you can create an amazing bond and high level of trust. Having fun together and supporting each other are the ingredients needed to make a best friend.",
"Your story brought together so many elements that I talk about here on the blog and I love hearing stories like yours. I would have been amazed to see you walking down the street with Jasmine too and probably would have asked you how you were able to do that.",
"So, thank you again for sharing your insight and tips. Jasmine must have been a very special dog and she was lucky to have your love and support as well. Our dogs teach us so much and their love and lessons stay with us forever.",
"FYI for any of your readers looking to have a husky but live in a small city like place, consider buying an Alaskan Klee Kia which looks like a mini husky, bit actually has no husky heritage in them. My daughter has one we bought for her living in Pittsburgh while she attends college and she does very well in an apartment setting and visiting the dog parks. She was easier to train then my Husky, but, she still is never left off leash in the city.",
"Great tip! I had heard of the Alaskan Klee Kias but didn’t know that much about them. They do sound like a great alternative for people that like the look of a husky. Thanks for sharing that!",
"I could not agree with you more on dog breeds people need to think about what they want instead of its so cute. My dog was a abused dog he was beaten and burned with cigarettes and tossed out of a car on the I5 interstate. He is my dog now and we have a great time together. I told my wife I will be training him until I die. Know he is a Australian Cattle Dog mix. He is high energy and really cannot live in a apartment. I do have a fenced back yard and put in an electric doggy door for him to go in and out and not my three rescued cats. He loves to hike and we hike at least five days a week. I make sure he has everything he needs. And he carries his on food and water in his pack. He has boots and doogles and a hat and a cooling jacket. I live in Arizona",
"Great comment and advice. Knowing your dogs breed influence is so important to knowing what motivates their behaviors. We forget that dogs have jobs and what they were breed to do is more important to living with them than how cute they are. We choosed English Springer Spaniels. They have been breed to keep an eye on their owner and want to be near their humans. Off leash with our boy started the day we got him and he received a treat for any time he “checked in” with us (called or not). Now at 8 months he is great off leash, he sticks near and always looking back. We still don’t take him off leash in any crowded areas, but we live on remote dirt mountain roads. Our favorite off leash areas is under the powerlines going up the mountain. Good trails/roads and no one is ever on them. As a puppy, I am still not comfortable that he is reliable, but for his age he is impressive. His biggest problem is not birds or wildlife, but people and other dogs. He’s so friendly he wants to meet everyone!",
"I carry a can of bear spray with me in case i run into a brass pack of coyotes, mountain lion or a bear. I also have her vaccinated for rattlesnake bite and I agree, off leash hiking is a pretty awsome experience",
"That sounds like good advice, Bryce! I’m glad I don’t live in an area with mountain lions, those would scare me the most, I think. ?",
"I have a golden/ black lab mix! She is 9 months old and I am having a very hard time training her. She has a high prey drive and will go after anything! I would absolutely love if she could be off leash! Any tips? Thanks",
"Hi, Kayla! Wow, your girl is in the middle of her adolescent phase and it can be really challenging at times. During adolescence, dogs seem to forget some of their early training and they also test boundaries a bit. It’s probably best to reinforce the basics right now and work on developing a strong bond and recall, then when she’s a little older, start working on some of the ideas in the article for off-leash walking.",
"You’ll know when she’s ready for off-leash training by how strong her recall is. Good luck with the training...she’ll be through this phase soon. ?",
"We have a black lab who is now 11 months, we did off-leash training with an obedience trainer starting when he was around 9 months. What I found was you really need to start the training in an area with no distractions and work your way up. We started recall training inside the house, then moved to the backyard (more smells outside), then moved to a fenced park, then an open field with no fence, and then finally to trails. We made sure his recall was perfect at each new place before moving to a place with more distractions. Lots of food rewards are key for food motivated dogs! We also started his off leash hiking on deactivated logging roads. Not much in the way for scenery, but it was highly unlikely we would run into other hikers, the path was much wider than a typical forest path, and fairly straight so we were able to see if there were any approaching people or animals. We still stick to fairly deserted trails, preferably ones that are straight or out in the open so we can leash him if we see any distractions. I still wouldn’t trust his recall if another dog came around a blind corner.",
"Like many other commenters, I wish more hikers would leash their dog when they see people approaching. I think it’s just common courtesy, and since my lab is still young he is very over-the-top friendly and tends to jump on other dogs as a greeting. He has unfortunately been bit a few times by off leash dogs while he was on leash, and I’ve had to try to pull dogs off him, putting my own safety at risk, because the other dog’s owner was a mile away from their dog. It’s one of my pet peeves.",
"I think you could have written this article, Kristen! Thanks so much for sharing your off-leash training process with your lab. It sounds like you’ve done everything right and no doubt you’re making great progress. I’m so sorry that your pup has been bitten a few times. That’s so frustrating and hopefully others will read this and realize how important it is to leash up their dogs too. Happy hiking! ?",
"My little mini schnauzer loves to bolt out the door... He only comes when he wants to. He has not when under training yet but I’m going to start. Will he ever be an off-leash dog?",
"Hi Lily! Try some of these tips to see if you can train him on door manners first and see how it goes. http://chasingdogtales.com/how-to-train-your-door- dashing-dog/ Also, here’s a great post on how to help get your dog to focus on you. http://chasingdogtales.com/getting-dogs-attention/",
"The second post was super helpful for Haley and really made a difference on all the training we did after that. If you can get your little guy to respond to the door manners and look to you for direction, it will really help working on off-leash training. Good luck and have fun with the training! ?",
"What a sensible and helpful post. You’re right about sighthounds, I have a young greyhound and when I let him off leash he’s off following his nose, chasing birds and plastic bags dancing in the breeze! We’re working on recall which he is uninterested in and so we walk him on leash, one day.....",
"Thank you so much, Debbie! It can be an even bigger challenge with young dogs that have all that energy, but you’re right...maybe one day. ?",
"Loved reading your tips on off-leash training and I was especially curious on what you do when you encounter other people/dogs. I would love to let my dog off-leash. His recall is great and he doesn’t like to run out of sight. However, we live in a pretty busy area and wherever we go, there’s always people with dogs. Now my dog couldn’t care less about other dogs. He’d never run to one, which is part of the problem. He is ok greeting them for a second and then he wants to move on. But we encounter so many dogs that are off-leash and are just obnoxiously in his face while he’s leashed already and he simply can’t stand it and often gives a warning snap so they back off. That doesn’t sometimes end well. He’s not aggressive, he just doesn’t want other dogs in his face all the time. And if I have him off-leash, even though he is a great listeners and always comes, I feel like it’d be sending the wrong message to owners whose dog don’t listen and just run off and yet have their dogs unleashed. So I leash my dog, sadly, and have a better chance in getting between the dogs if something was to happen. We do have a ton of off-leash dog parks but they are always way too crowded, unfortunately.",
"You’re so lucky your dog doesn’t care that much about greeting other dogs when you’re out walking. That makes your life easier in one respect, but I can see your point about the obnoxious dogs that pester him. A lot of dogs don’t understand how to greet other dogs properly and they approach head on and with a lot of excitement. Your boy is just trying to teach those other dogs a few manners, but it can be stressful when that happens.",
"In our area, I’ve found that people don’t like to walk or hike very far. So parks that are crowded near the parking areas thin out quite a bit once you get 1/4 mile down the trail. I usually keep Haley leashed until we get away from most of the people and dogs. Also, I don’t mind driving a little further in order to find a less crowded park. I have to admit, my favorite place to hike with Haley is a park where dogs are supposed to be leashed, but there’s rarely anybody on the trails. When we do meet someone, they usually have their dogs off-leash too. I keep a close eye out for other people (and park rangers, haha!) and immediately leash Haley until we pass.",
"Haley can be a little defensive too when hyper dogs approach and what works best for us is to keep moving and walk away from the other dog. I call Haley to come along with me and the other dog tends to lose interest and go back to their owner. It may not work every time, but after the other dog leaves, I always give Haley lots of praise and a treat for listening and ignoring the other dog. Over time, she’s really improved on ignoring those dogs, even if they’re trying to get in her face. Sometimes it may seem rude to just walk away from someone and their dog, but on the other hand, it’s also rude to not have good control over your dog if they’re not being polite.",
"If you can find a new place to walk off leash with your boy, that would be the easiest solution. Good luck with your search and enjoy your time together in the great outdoors!",
"My husky lives off leash. it just takes patients and a lot of trust. Sometime I let him off leash hiking and sometimes I don’t. Depends on my level of comfort and how many people are around. At home though, he roams free all day. Chasing ducks or people walking on the beach. He knows his own comfort level and that’s a sight to see. 🙂",
"That’s a great accomplishment to train a husky to be off leash, congrats! You’re so right about building patience and trust. Here’s to many more awesome off-leash adventures in your future.?",
"Actually I don’t think you could consider what I did training. I just never leashed him at home. When hiking he’d already spent a great deal of time off leash at home so I just started taking him to deserted hiking trails to let him run. That’s what I mean with trust and patients. It’s easy for me because we live out in the country, so I can send him outside and he could roam for an hour and I know he’ll come home when he wants to lay down or eat. I’ve watched him enough to know he’s set his own limitations. If I see him pushing them to far I’ll go call him and he returns to a nice welcome home and a treat. I think the most to this is you want to praise them when they return, no matter what they did or how long they were gone, Always praise them. You and your home are their sanctuary safe place. Who wants to return to punishment. Anyways, me and my buddy live a happy companion life that’s fit for us. Everyone has their own “style” 😉",
"That’s so nice that you live in the country with lots of space to roam and explore. I’m jealous, lol!?",
"You’re so right about always praising them when they come to you, no matter what. That was a huge part of working with Haley when we were training off leash. I always cringe when I see someone yell at their dog because they didn’t come right away.",
"Very helpful article! I have worked with my Red Healer, Hazel, a bit around our property off leash but hadn’t let her off lead away from home until this past trip. I waited for a day or so to see how she behaved with me – did she try to pull away or stay close, listen, etc. And even with multiple dogs at adjacent campsites she listened so we started off with just being off leash at camp and walking to the bathroom (still always carried the leash just in case). It was a joy for both of us for her to be off leash on the trails. She was amazing! Very proud of her! I did always leash her again if I heard people or dogs coming, or if we were back in an area around traffic.",
"My dog gets out sometimes and runs around the neighborhood which scares me. I want to try to train him to walk appropriately around areas off a leash, but he just doesn’t come back to treats (he is very stubborn.) How do I fix this?",
"Great cite. I have always walked my dogs off leash but i have always had Labs or Lab mutts. I had two in DC in the 80s and 90s I had trained to run alongside my bike down from Capitol Hill down the national Mall. We would usually go early on weekend mornings but once we went on weekday spring noon and despite the thousands of tourists they stopped dutifully at the crosswalk and waited for me to show up with the bike and give them the OK to cross. On the way back they would swim in the reflecting pool in front of the Capitol. I doubt you could do that now with all the cops. Jersey and Kate. A pair of great off leash dogs.",
"I loved your article & agree . We take PJ our4 year old Anatolian /Pyrenees @ 130#-30′′ shoulder male neutered. A great hiking partner everyday at least 3 miles. Most times he’s on leash. In select areas and mid week with less foot traffic , he can follow us or his nose off leash. Periodically we go camping and hiking. He gets on a longer leash and in some remote trails we can off leash depending on regulation and conditions. He’s very comfortable with other pets & people and loves children . He is a great traveler, loves the water , canoeing and paddleboard are no problem on gentle conditions. He has a bike leash for when I’m lazy. I know I got off point, but I agree that the most important things are bonding and being vigilant in reading their moods. We need to anticipate and regulate interactions appropriately.",
"Browse around awhile and you’ll find lots of helpful training tips and information along with some news, product reviews and yes, even a few dog tales! I would love to hear your thoughts, so leave a comment, suggestion or start a conversation. This site is devoted to the community of dog lovers, dog owners and most of all, our four-legged family members who give us their unconditional love."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Train Your Dog to Walk Off Leash - A Hiker’s Guide\n\nABOUT CONTACT\n\n# Chasing Dog Tales\n\nNavigation\n\n * Home\n * Dog Basics\n * Tips & Training\n * Healthy Dog\n * Product Reviews\n * Dog Tales\n\n# Chasing Dog Tales\n\nHow to Train Your Dog to Walk Off Leash – A Hiker’s Guide\n\n# How to Train Your Dog to Walk Off Leash – A Hiker’s Guide\n\nAugust 3, 201565 Comments\n\nThere’s only one thing that Haley loves more than playing with her basketball,\nand that’s going for an off-leash hike. The moment I let her loose, her eyes\nbrighten, a smile spreads across her face and there’s a joyful bounce in her\ngait as she begins to connect with her wild, canine ancestors and become one\nwith nature. She can run wild then stop abruptly to investigate any scent she\npleases; she explores the world on her terms instead of at the end of a six-\nfoot leash. It’s just as much fun for me too, watching her enjoy her freedom\nwhile I also have the freedom from being on my end of the leash.\n\nTrusting Haley to hike off leash didn’t happen overnight or even within the\nfirst year of her life. It took a lot of training and bonding time with her\nbefore I felt comfortable letting her have some freedom. There’s always an\nelement of risk when you let your dog off leash, even with a well-trained dog\nwith excellent recall, but the tips below can help you avoid some of the\ncommon problems you might run into when you train your dog to walk off leash.\n\n## 10 Tips to Train Your Dog to Walk Off Leash\n\n1\\. Understand your dog’s instincts.\n\nUnfortunately, off-leash hiking is not for every dog. For example, some\nindependent breeds are prone to run if let off leash, sight hounds and scent\nhounds that were bred to chase prey or follow scents may be harder to train\nand terriers may be more interested in chasing a small animal than the treat\nyou’re carrying in your pocket. That’s not to say you can’t train any of these\ndogs to stay with you when off leash, but it may be more challenging to train\nsome dogs. Unneutered male dogs that like to roam, aggressive or unsocialized\ndogs and dogs with extremely high prey drives are probably not good candidates\nfor off-leash hiking. Every dog is different and even within a particular\nbreed there are dogs that don’t fit the norm for breed description. You know\nyour dog best and it’s important to consider all these factors before deciding\nif off-leash walking is right for your dog.\n\n2\\. Make sure your dog has reliable recall.\n\nBefore attempting an off-leash walk with your dog, she must come to you\nreliably when called, even around distractions. And there are a lot of\ndistractions when hiking off leash, new sights, sounds and scents all along\nthe trail. The treat that got your dog’s attention in your living room won’t\nbe very appealing compared to what nature has to offer. If your dog needs to\nwork on recall, check out Help! My Dog Doesn’t Come When Called for some tips.\nIt’s also a good idea for your dog to be reliable with the Sit and Stay\ncommands in case they’re needed on the trail.\n\n3\\. Practice off-leash walking in a safe area first.\n\nBefore you hit the trails, practice your dog’s recall in a fenced area or on a\nlong leash. A dog park is a good practice location if you visit during off-\npeak hours. After your dog comes to you reliably, work in new areas that are\nsafe but have more distractions. Practice sending your dog out to explore\nsomething nearby with the Go command, then call her back and reward her for\nreturning. Keep practicing until you’re confident with your dog’s recall\nskills.\n\n4\\. Always have the right motivators to bring your dog back to you.\n\nBe energetic and playful when you call your dog back. Always reward her with\npraise, treats or a favorite toy if she’s play motivated. It’s very important\nthat you make it a fun and positive experience every time your dog comes to\nyou, then release her to go right back and explore some more. If you only call\nyour dog when it’s time to put her leash back on, she’ll learn not to come\nright away.\n\n5\\. Select safe off-leash hiking areas.\n\nResearch hiking areas ahead of time and note any areas where dogs or off-leash\ndogs are not permitted. Most parks and trails are marked, but you could be\nfined if you’re caught walking off-leash where it’s prohibited. When exploring\na new area or trail for the first time, have a trail map if possible and keep\nyour dog on a leash until you know the area well. You don’t want your dog to\nbe the first one to discover a cliff up ahead or have her jump into a fast\nmoving river. Also, be aware of hunting and trapping seasons in national\nforests or other remote hiking locations and take precautions to avoid\ninjuries. Have your dog wear a hunter’s orange or brightly-colored vest and\nkeep your dog from wandering off the main trail.\n\nCenter Ring Collar\n\n6\\. Try using a center ring collar when hiking.\n\nAlso called a double ring collar, both types have a second ring on the back of\nthe collar which makes it easy to quickly leash your dog when necessary.\nThere’s no reaching under their chin or sliding the collar around to find the\nconnector ring. While on the subject of collars, make sure your dog is wearing\nan ID tag in case she gets lost while hiking. If you do a lot of hiking or a\nlot of worrying about hiking with your dog off leash, a GPS tracking collar\nmight be a good investment.\n\n7\\. Leashing and unleashing your dog.\n\nWait until you’re in an area that’s safe (away from roads or other dangers)\nand where you feel comfortable before letting your dog off leash. When Haley’s\noff leash, I still carry her leash in my hand so it’s ready when I need it. We\nmostly like to hike on remote trails but out of common courtesy, I always\nleash Haley if we come across other hikers or dogs. Even if your dog is\ngenerally friendly with other dogs, you don’t know if someone else’s dog is\ngoing to be friendly. Always leash your dog in busy areas or if you feel\nuncomfortable with the environment.\n\n8\\. Pay attention to your dog.\n\nBe watchful of your dog at all times. She shouldn’t get too far ahead or too\nfar behind you and she should never be out of your sight. You want her close\nenough that you can see if she suddenly starts to stray off the trail or if\nshe comes across something gross like a dead animal carcass. Also keep an eye\non the trail both ahead of you and behind you for other people and dogs.\nJoggers tend to catch me off guard sometimes, but I try to keep an eye out for\nthem and leash Haley while they pass. If your dog is well trained and bonded\nto you, you’ll notice them keeping an eye on you as well. Haley usually hikes\ntwice the distance as I do, because she’s constantly running ahead and then\ncoming back to check in with me, but she always keeps an eye on where I am.\n\n9\\. Be respectful of wildlife and nature areas.\n\nHaley’s got a pretty good prey drive and there have been a few times where she\nbolted off the trail after a squirrel or herd of deer, but luckily she stopped\nquickly when I called her off the chase. I don’t want her to get lost by\nchasing something too far away and I feel we should respect the animal’s\nterritory when we’re visiting their neck of the woods. Besides, she gets her\nfill of chasing wildlife when they happen to encroach into her territory in\nthe backyard. Also, while bears do sh*t in the woods, we should pick up after\nour dogs if they do.\n\n10\\. Keep reinforcing your dog’s recall.\n\nEven though Haley’s been hiking off leash for most of her life, I continue to\nreinforce her recall skills by occasionally calling her away from interesting\nthings and giving her lots of praise and rewards for listening. When she\nlistens well in extreme situations when I know it’s very challenging for her\nto come to me or stay on the trail, she might get all the treats I have in my\npocket! Try not to get aggravated by challenges you meet on the trail, such as\nrunning into other hikers or dogs. Every challenge is an opportunity for\ntraining that you usually can’t duplicate at home. I also like to keep Haley\non her toes when she’s out in front of me by occasionally stopping, turning\naround and walking in the opposite direction or taking a different path when I\nreach a fork in the trail. It helps reinforce her need to watch me closely and\nstay tuned in to where I am and what I’m doing.\n\nOff-leash hiking is my favorite activity to do with Haley. Even though there’s\nan element of risk and I know that no dog is 100 percent reliable in any\nsituation, there’s something really special about being able to watch her just\nbe a dog.\n\nDo you enjoy off-leash hiking with your dog? Share your tips on how to train\nyour dog to walk off leash!\n\n#### Other Posts You Might Find Interesting\n\n * Is Your Dog Always Pulling on the Leash?\n * How to Deal With Ticks – A Dog Hiker’s Survival Guide\n * 10 Tips for Exercising Your Dog in the Summer\n\nTags:Dog Accessories, Exercise, Hiking, Off-Leash, Recall\n\n## 65 Comments on “How to Train Your Dog to Walk Off Leash – A Hiker’s Guide”\n\n * Flea\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 10:30 am\n\nMy big dogs do well off leash, but I’ll probably never be able to let my Chewy\nrun wild and free. Only in our fenced back yard.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 2:36 pm\n\nYes, there are definitely some dogs that will take off when given the\nopportunity no matter how much you try to train them. Chewy has lots of\ncompany and interesting things to keep him busy with your gang.\n\nReply\n\n * Talent Hounds\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 11:23 am\n\nA strong re-call is very important for walking off leash. Especially if there\nis any sort of danger around.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 2:38 pm\n\nExactly right, and it’s so important to know the hiking area as well as your\ndog’s abilities. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Slimdoggy\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 12:10 pm\n\nGreat tips – you are so right, there’s nothing quite like an off-leash romp to\nperk everyone up.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 2:40 pm\n\nYou’ve got a wonderful place for Jack and Maggie to explore off leash. Two\nvery lucky dogs! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Jenna,Mark “HuskyCrazed” Drady\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 1:33 pm\n\nGreat tips!!! I could never do that with my huskies. Unfortunately it’s just\nin their breed that they are notorious for not being trusted off lead.\nAlthough I have taught a good solid recall with them, I still wouldn’t feel\ncomfortable attempting it. But I would absolutely love to take them on an off\nleash hike! ღ husky hugz ღ frum our pack at Love is being owned by a husky!\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 2:46 pm\n\nI’ve seen pictures of some beautiful, large dog parks that have hiking trails\nand are also fenced in around the perimeter. Unfortunately, we don’t have any\nparks like that around here, but maybe there’s a place near you where could\ntake the Sibe Tribe for some off-leash hiking without the fear of them running\noff too far or getting lost.\n\nReply\n\n * De Hufford\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 1:46 pm\n\nGreat tips! We live on some acreage, fortunately, so the dogs can run. Good\nthing because they need alot of work in the recall department.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 2:49 pm\n\nThat’s really ideal for your dogs! I would love to have some acreage and of\ncourse that would mean a few more dogs to go along with it. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Jackie Bouchard\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 2:04 pm\n\nWe don’t do off leash hiking. (For many reasons – we have rattlesnakes here\nand ticks and they are all lurking just off the trail. Not to mention the\npoison oak and the coyotes. I need Rita to stay right beside me on the trail\nand not veer off it at all. ) And I have to admit – I hate it when others do.\nI’ve rarely encountered an off-leash dog that will stay by it’s owners side.\nAnd then we get rushed at and since Rita is on-leash while they’re not, she\ncan turn into a snarly whirling dervish. Not very fun! There are signs all\nover the hiking trails here to keep dogs leashed – and it’s for good reason\nwith all the dangers there are on the trails here. It’s great when dogs can\nrun and romp off-leash, but it’s definitely not advisable here in So Cal.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 3:11 pm\n\nWe visited my son in Texas not too long ago and kept Haley very close too\nbecause of the rattlesnakes and other interesting wildlife lurking in the\nbrush. A lot of people there get their dogs vaccinated for rattlesnake bites,\nbut I’m not sure how effective the vaccines are.\n\nIt is very aggravating to come across off-leash dogs in an area where they\nshould be leashed. Last year while hiking in a park where all dogs are\nsupposed to be leased, I ended up getting bit by a small, off-leash dog that\napproached Haley and wanted to fight with her. Instinctually, I stepped in\nfront of the dog to block it and to protect Haley, so the dog bit me on the\nleg instead, ugh! Of course, the owners were quite a ways down the trail and\ntotally oblivious about the situation. The park was pretty crowded with lots\nof kids and 80 percent of the dogs were off leash. We ran into a park ranger\nlater that day who informed us that the park doesn’t enforce the leash rule.\n\nReply\n\n * Jackie Bouchard\n\nAugust 4, 2015 at 2:07 pm\n\nIt’s frustrating when they don’t enforce the off-leash rule.\n\nI’m not sure how effective those vaccines are either. My friend had a rattler\nin their backyard so she took her dog to one of the local classes that trains\ndogs to stay away from rattlers – but it was very aversive training (they used\nshock collars) so I wouldn’t put Rita through that!\n\nAnd I hear you on stepping in front to protect your own dog/keep the dogs\napart. Luckily I haven’t been bit that way, but have gotten scratched up – and\nalmost knocked down – a couple of times.\n\nI wish only good dog owners w/ well-trained dogs would let their dogs off-\nleash, but that’s a pipe dream. :\\\n\nReply\n\n * Larry Ayala\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 7:19 pm\n\nWell I live in Phoenix and I am trying to teach my dog to stay 10 to 15 feet\nahead of me. I did not do the rattlesnake training and my dog Rowdy has seen 8\nrattlers so far. And on one night he started jumping and barking and I went\nover to see what was up and it was a Diamondback. Just the other day he warned\nme of a scorpion which was a pretty big one. He has also encountered a Gila\nMonster. He was a abused dog before I got him. He has it made now. We will\nfinish the year with just over 1,200 miles of hiking and he loves to hike.\nSometime when we are in a new place I have him stay behind me and he does. But\nwhen he gets in front of me sometimes he gets further a head than I like. Now\nif I just sit down he will come looking for me which I like. I just want him\nto stay where I can see him.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 11:18 pm\n\nOh wow, Rowdy has a lot to deal with there in Arizona and I can see why you\nwould like to keep him a little closer. It almost sounds like he has an\nintuitive sense about being wary of snakes, scorpions and Gila Monsters, but\nyou never known when one might catch him off-guard.\n\nHaley usually hikes about 10-20 feet in front of me too but I trained her to\ncome back and stay closer when I give her the “Stay Here” command. I started\nworking with her by calling her back when she would get too far ahead and\nsaying “Stay Here”. When she would creep too far ahead, I would say “Ah Uh” (a\ngentler form of “No”) which would make her slow up and then I would repeat the\n“Stay Here” command. She caught on pretty quick to what I wanted her to do and\nof course, you can use any commands or sounds that make sense to you and\nRowdy. Maybe you can try something similar when Rowdy starts to get to where\nhe’s almost out of sight.\n\nAnother thing I did with Haley was to test her occasionally by hiding from her\n(or taking a different fork in the trail) if she got too far ahead. She would\nturn around expecting to see me and be surprised that I wasn’t in sight. She\nwould then come running to find me. It taught her to keep a closer eye on me\nand keep looking back to check in. In her mind, she’s probably thinking that\nher human is rather dense and has a tendency to get lost, haha!\n\nIt sounds like Rowdy has really bonded to you and it probably wouldn’t be too\nhard to train him to stay a little closer. You’ve given him a wonderful new\nlife with lots of hiking adventures. That’s fantastic!! ?\n\n * Bob\n\nJune 11, 2018 at 9:30 pm\n\nUSE a twenty foot lead. let him feed it out then hold it there. When he comes\nto the end of the rope give a recognizable command. I call it an attention\ncommand. it has to be a short sharp sounding word. Like say “TAT’ or “HIT”\nsomething you only use to stop the dog in its tracks. Said with a sharp\nforceful command. You can accompany the command with a pointed finger as well.\nThe dog will get used to how far he can travel and stay with in the bounds. A\ndog that is well socialized and bonded to you will always seek you out if the\ndog likes to run too far ahead while training do not chase after it or call it\nback just duck out of sight and hid. The dog will came to find you and after\nthat it will know where you and stay where you want it to be. Works for me and\nI have had a lot of dogs.\n\n * GROOVY GOLDENDOODLES\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 3:42 pm\n\nI live in an urban setting – therefore I am not afforded many places where we\ncould enjoy “off-leash” activities other then our backyard. I am, however,\ngetting ready to start professional off leash training with my Boys but I’m\ndoing it because I want them trained for obedience. If I’m ever fortunate to\nbe in an area safe for off leash fun – then it will come in handy then too! I\nlove to see dogs free.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 4:53 pm\n\nI’m looking forward to reading about the off-leash training with Harley and\nJax. I’ve noticed a trend with some trainers now endorsing basic obedience as\noff-leash courses which is really interesting. I guess their theory is that\nyour dog should be trained to stay with you and listen to commands without any\nphysical cues from the leash.\n\nReply\n\n * Barbara Rivers\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 4:15 pm\n\nI’m glad you’re one of the responsible off-leash hikers! I went for a 5 mile\nhike at Raven Rock Park in NC this past weekend, and encountered several off-\nleash dogs along the way (although the park requires all dogs to be on a 6 ft\nleash).\n\nI didn’t take the pups this time around because I wasn’t sure how shaded the\ntrails were, so I personally didn’t have a problem with having loose dogs\naround me.\n\nHowever, I wouldn’t have appreciated people disregarding the leash laws had\nMissy & Buzz been along for the hike. There’s this immediate imbalance that’s\ncreated between leashed and non-leashed dogs, and you just never know how dogs\nwho don’t know one another will behave. Besides that, there are also people\nwho aren’t part of our dog loving circle, and who are downright afraid of dogs\n(I know, hard to comprehend!!).\n\nNot a single one of those dogs I encountered along the hike had a solid\nrecall, by the way. One young German Shepherd (couldn’t have been older than\nmaybe 8 months, and super cute!) ended up standing right in the middle of a\nfootbridge, causing some oncoming hikers to stop because they were obviously\nscared of dogs.\n\nThe GSD’s handlers (2 guys in their late 20s/early 30s) were trying to charm\ntheir way out of the situation by saying “Oh don’t worry, she’s friendly”,\ninstead of calling the dog back to them, leashing her (the law required her to\nbe leashed in the first place), and apologizing for the awkward situation. My\nfriend (also the owner of a pet sitting business) & I just walked onto the\nbridge and past the dog without saying anything.\n\nThe guys were right, their dog was definitely friendly and just a curious pup\nhaving a good time, but people who don’t surround themselves with dogs all the\ntime will not come to that same conclusion because they are likely going to be\nafraid, or at least apprehensive, regardless.\n\nLong story short, I think it’s important to respect leash laws in order to\ncast a good light on dog ownership and of course to ensure the safety of our\npups.\n\nI only let my pups Missy & Buzz run around off leash when we’re in an enclosed\narea. Buzz’s recall is very good, while Missy’s is not the greatest around\ndistractions.\n\nI know that I can always get Buzz’s attention back on me when I have a ball in\nmy hands ~ he will even pass up small animals (and even some treats) when he\nknows that he could have some ball time instead! Missy, however, is all about\nchasing “prey”...\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 5:21 pm\n\nYou bring up a lot of good points, Barbara. I’ve seen plenty of people with\noff-leash dogs that don’t have control of them and it does cause a lot of\nproblems. The strange thing about our area is, we mostly hike remote trails or\ntrails where there are no leash regulations and we rarely run into anyone else\nor their dogs, yet in the parks that are crowded where they have leash rules,\nmost of the dogs are running off leash and causing problems for the dogs that\nare leashed.\n\nI’m not sure why the people that want to do off-leash hiking don’t go to the\nmore remote trails because it’s really too much of a hassle to walk your dog\noff leash around a lot of people anyway. Maybe they think they’re doing a good\nthing by socializing their dogs and allowing them to approach and “meet” other\ndogs, but it’s aggravating when park officials openly condone people ignoring\nthe leash laws (they don’t even mention it when passing someone with an off-\nleash dog) because it does lead to a lot of conflicts between leashed and\nunleashed dogs.\n\nLike I mentioned to Jackie, on the day we hiked the park where I got bit by\nthe dog, I heard probably 3 or 4 different vocal conflicts between various\ndogs just while we were there. When I mentioned all the off-leash dogs to the\npark ranger, she said “Everybody does it, we’re not going to say anything”\n\nReply\n\n * Tenacious Little Terrier\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 6:18 pm\n\nMr. N is a terrier so he’s definitely interested in all sorts of prey animals.\nI’ve worked with him a lot on recall and now he’s very good at it. We practice\nperiodically and I’ll hide from him so he knows he has to keep an eye on me!\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 4, 2015 at 10:46 am\n\nI’ve heard it can be challenging to train recall in terriers, especially when\nthey’re off-leash. Mr. N sounds very well trained! I especially like to hide\nfrom Haley if she ever gets a little too far ahead or behind, it’s a good\nreminder for her to pay attention and she usually stays much closer after\nthat.\n\nReply\n\n * Paved by Paw Prints\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 2:49 am\n\nI’ve read quite a few posts about hiking with your dog, and it sounds great! I\nreally like the tip of practising off leash walking in a safe area first, it’s\na very important point! And thank you again for the nomination last week, I\nloved flicking through our old photos!\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 9:45 pm\n\nThanks so much. The 8 Photos of Happiness challenge was fun, I’m glad you\nenjoyed it too, Hannah! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Lindsay\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 10:28 am\n\nThere are all really great tips. I’m thankful I’m also able to take Ace on\noff-leash hikes. He’s very treat, toy and praise motivated, so obviously that\nreally works to our advantage! The recall is something we are always working\non though, as no dog is ever perfect.\n\nOne thing I would add is that when a dog gets to experience off-leash freedom\non a regular basis, the dog feels no need to bolt or run off if he gets the\nchance. Well, at least that’s the case with my dog. Since he gets to run\naround off leash almost every day, if the door is left open momentarily or\nwhatever, he just walks out and stands right next to us. No need for him to be\nlike, “Freedoomm! Woo! Catch me if you can!” 🙂\n\nI never really knew or thought about the purpose of those center-ring collars.\nNow I know! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 9:57 pm\n\nYou could be right about that, Lindsay. Maybe the more experience a dog has\noff-leash, the more they view it as normal and not a situation to be taken\nadvantage of. That’s an interesting thought.\n\nOh, the center ring collars are also made for hunting or sporting dogs that\ncould get tangled up or snagged on a branch or something in the woods. As long\nas they’re not on too tight, the dog can back out of the collar if he needs to\nand free himself. It’s nice that you can also use them for quick leashing.\n\nReply\n\n * Jodi\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 2:04 pm\n\nI love off-leash hiking with my dogs. Unfortunately Sampson is the only one I\ncan let off leash, because Delilah has a tendency to run off on me. The other\nday I had them both on leash in the woods and I actually had that thought,\n“Wow, I remember how I enjoyed hiking so much more when they were both off-\nleash.”\n\nNow Delilah gets little increments of time off-leash, but most of her time is\non leash. I also use the “Go Check” command with her, where I let her off\nleash and tell her to “Go Check”, typically she comes right back to me, but I\ncan’t trust her all the time.\n\nGood tips here!!\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 10:00 pm\n\nIt’s still nice that Delilah gets a little time off leash every now and then.\nShe’s a free spirit and keeps all of us entertained, that’s for sure!\n\nReply\n\n * Sharon, Lessons From A Paralyzed Dog\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 2:34 pm\n\nI’m going to use your great tips. We have lots of hiking trails in my area\nwhere dogs are welcome, but it’s always worried me to have my dogs walk off\nleash. Thank you for this post.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 5, 2015 at 10:06 pm\n\nI hope it works out well for you Sharon. With Haley, it was a process of\nworking to train her and slowly giving her a little freedom at a time in safe\nareas until I could trust her to be reliable. It’s nice that you have a lot of\noff-leash walking trails in your area, I sure wish we had more around here.\nHappy hiking!\n\nReply\n\n * Pamela\n\nAugust 10, 2015 at 11:00 am\n\nLoved your tips.\n\nHoney also loves off-leash play time. But we haven’t done it as much in\nCambridge because she’s developed a fascination with bunnies–who are very\nplentiful here.\n\nEven though she’s 99% reliable in upstate NY, the presence of new creatures in\nMD make her a higher risk here. But we’re working on it.\n\nWe start our practice with Honey dragging her leash so I can step on it\nquickly if she looks to interested in something besides me.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nAugust 10, 2015 at 8:49 pm\n\nThat’s a great leash tip, Pamela. I sometimes do that with Haley too if she\ntends to get overly excited when we have a new doggie guest visiting our home.\nGood luck working with Honey on the bunny training!\n\nReply\n\n * Larry\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 7:38 pm\n\nIt really takes time and patience. Living in the Arizona Desert we have all\nkinds of wildlife here. Rowdy used to chase rabbits and prairie dogs. But\nafter hearing about a dog that was killed chasing rabbits by a rattlesnake I\ngot more involved with his training. And now he no longer chases them. Of\ncourse sometime we he see one he looks right at like can I buts no. Rowdy has\ngotten into two fights with coyotes and I jumped in a broke it up. I think\npeople need to be aware of other animals and what they will or will not do. I\nseen Bobcats and Mountain Lions out here and what I have read and learn is to\nshow no fear and just back off and everybody will be happy.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 11:26 pm\n\nWe have some coyotes around here too and they’ve been known to snatch smaller\ndogs off people’s porches or yards. That would be pretty scary to have to\nbreak up a fight between your dog and a coyote, yikes!\n\nReply\n\n * Bryce1\n\nMarch 14, 2016 at 9:22 pm\n\ncarry bear spray with you, prob solved\n\nReply\n\n * Kaitymay\n\nOctober 2, 2015 at 11:01 am\n\nGreat article! I have had mini schnauzers my whole life, and they have never\nbeen allowed off leash. They just have no recall no matter how hard I try. A\nyear ago, I got my first German Shepherd. She’ll be a year old in two weeks,\nand we just perfected our recall enough to walk off leash and have her\naccompany me on my horseback rides. Absolutely love seeing her have so much\nfun (:\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nOctober 3, 2015 at 10:13 am\n\nI grew up with miniature schnauzers too! My parents never tried off-leash\nwalking with them but I’m sure they would have wandered too because they\ndidn’t have good recall either. It sounds like you’ve done a wonderful job\nworking with your german shepherd, especially to say she isn’t even a year old\nyet. There’s something very special about watching your dog get to “be a dog”\nand explore around a little bit off-leash. I bet she loves coming along on\nyour rides! ?\n\nReply\n\n * Sbstiely@aol\n\nOctober 10, 2015 at 2:35 pm\n\nI had a akc husky for 14 years. I will be glad to share how I was able to\nteach her how to be solid off leash. I had received so many complements when\nfolks saw me hiking or montain biking with her off leash by my side. I miss my\ngirl. But, I now have two ausie both able to be off leash. One is 12 and one\nis 9. They are never on lead when hiking or in my yard. Both are very\nattentive to my movement. I have a neighbor who saw my ausie, went to my\nbreeder and baught one. His is also very good off leash.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nOctober 10, 2015 at 9:53 pm\n\nThat would be great! I’d love to hear more about how you trained your husky\nand the aussies. I know huskies can be especially challenging when off leash\nsince they enjoy roaming and exploring sometimes. It sounds like you’ve done a\nwonderful job with their training.\n\nReply\n\n * Sbstiely@aol\n\nOctober 17, 2015 at 6:23 am\n\nCertain breeds of dogs are better to look for if wanting to have them off\nleash. You must understand the groupings of breeds and what the breed is\ndesigned to do. For anyone wanting a breed that is easier to train off leash,\nI would say they should look to the herding group or possible the gun dog\ngroup. The easiest breed I have ever delt with is my Australian Shepherds.\nWhen I decided to get these two I have now, I was able to go to the farm, see\nthese puppies outside with no fence and big fields. Not one ran off and they\nall followed my family all around the back of the breeders house along with\nthe parents jumping and nipping at us. Lol there herding instincts where\nstrong and we were sold. It is so important to pick from a pure breed breeder\nwho breeds small quantities and uses the dogs for what they where designed to\ndo. My ausie breeder put s the pups parents in herding compotitions and it\nshows. As far as my sweet husky Jasmine was concerned, lol she took two years\nof hard work before I understood how to get her to want to stay with me.\nLuckily, I live in the country. In those first two years, she ran off a number\nof times. Lol. She had got to the point of even knowing when her leash was on\nand what it meant when the leash came off. Run, Run and run.lol Electric\ncollar did not work, Electric dog fence did not work. Boy, I could tell you\nstories about her all day long. What finally occurred for me was a thunder\nbolt idea. I bought a mountain bike. I walked her beside the bike with her\nleash attached for a few weeks. Then I rode it for two more weeks. Once I saw\nshe was comfortable with my bike and leash control while riding, I took her\nfor her first long run with my bike. We went to the mountains and I rode for\ntwo hours, then when we got home, I would take her for a walk. While walking\nher, I would stop at a field and let her off her lead. It was like a miracle\nshe didn’t run off. We walked around that field and she just followed. So this\nbecame my routine. Saturdays, Sundays and any days off, I would take her on\nthose bike rides in the mountains and come home and walk her. Days I worked\nMonday thru Friday, I would walk her in the morning, and walk her at night. By\nthe end of that third year, I was able to go to the mountains, unleash her and\nshe would follow me all day if I wanted . The horse back riders and hikers and\npassed were amazed. This the translated to my yard and my trip to the hardware\nstore to get my paper. Once she trusted me, she didnt run off anymore.You have\ngot to be an active person if you want your dog to want to be with you. The\nmore active you are, the more challenging of a breed you can try. Most people\ndon’t understand though, they want a cookie cutter follower. That is not why\nyou get a dog. You get the dog to be your best friend. You have to do as much\nas you can with them and you will be rewarded. I would love to talk more about\nit. This typing makes for to long of a read.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nOctober 17, 2015 at 11:42 am\n\nFirst, thank you so much for taking the time to share your experience with\nyour Australian shepherds and your husky, Jasmine. You made so many valid and\nhelpful points and hopefully I can summarize them adequately here.\n\n1\\. Select a breed that best fits your lifestyle and what you enjoy doing.\nSome breeds are easier to train and more likely to stay with you off-leash but\nif you’re not an active person and you select a high-energy, active breed,\nyou’re both going to be frustrated with each other.\n\n2\\. If you’re working against a breed’s nature, like wanting a husky to stay\nright with you, it’s going to take a lot of work and you may or may not be\nsuccessful.\n\n3\\. Find a way to connect and support your dog’s needs. You had a fantastic\nidea of supporting Jasmine’s need to run by riding along side of her on the\nmountain bike.\n\n4\\. Sometimes you need to exercise your dog to release some of their energy\nbefore working on training. With Jasmine’s energy released and her need to run\nfulfilled, she was ready to follow you and stay with you.\n\n5\\. If you make an effort to connect with your dog and fulfill their needs by\ndoing something together, you can create an amazing bond and high level of\ntrust. Having fun together and supporting each other are the ingredients\nneeded to make a best friend.\n\nYour story brought together so many elements that I talk about here on the\nblog and I love hearing stories like yours. I would have been amazed to see\nyou walking down the street with Jasmine too and probably would have asked you\nhow you were able to do that.\n\nSo, thank you again for sharing your insight and tips. Jasmine must have been\na very special dog and she was lucky to have your love and support as well.\nOur dogs teach us so much and their love and lessons stay with us forever.\n\nReply\n\n * Sbstiely@aol\n\nOctober 17, 2015 at 4:50 pm\n\nFYI for any of your readers looking to have a husky but live in a small city\nlike place, consider buying an Alaskan Klee Kia which looks like a mini husky,\nbit actually has no husky heritage in them. My daughter has one we bought for\nher living in Pittsburgh while she attends college and she does very well in\nan apartment setting and visiting the dog parks. She was easier to train then\nmy Husky, but, she still is never left off leash in the city.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nOctober 18, 2015 at 8:45 pm\n\nGreat tip! I had heard of the Alaskan Klee Kias but didn’t know that much\nabout them. They do sound like a great alternative for people that like the\nlook of a husky. Thanks for sharing that!\n\n * Larry\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 7:54 pm\n\nI could not agree with you more on dog breeds people need to think about what\nthey want instead of its so cute. My dog was a abused dog he was beaten and\nburned with cigarettes and tossed out of a car on the I5 interstate. He is my\ndog now and we have a great time together. I told my wife I will be training\nhim until I die. Know he is a Australian Cattle Dog mix. He is high energy and\nreally cannot live in a apartment. I do have a fenced back yard and put in an\nelectric doggy door for him to go in and out and not my three rescued cats. He\nloves to hike and we hike at least five days a week. I make sure he has\neverything he needs. And he carries his on food and water in his pack. He has\nboots and doogles and a hat and a cooling jacket. I live in Arizona\n\n * BusyVP\n\nMarch 20, 2016 at 1:36 pm\n\nGreat comment and advice. Knowing your dogs breed influence is so important to\nknowing what motivates their behaviors. We forget that dogs have jobs and what\nthey were breed to do is more important to living with them than how cute they\nare. We choosed English Springer Spaniels. They have been breed to keep an eye\non their owner and want to be near their humans. Off leash with our boy\nstarted the day we got him and he received a treat for any time he “checked\nin” with us (called or not). Now at 8 months he is great off leash, he sticks\nnear and always looking back. We still don’t take him off leash in any crowded\nareas, but we live on remote dirt mountain roads. Our favorite off leash areas\nis under the powerlines going up the mountain. Good trails/roads and no one is\never on them. As a puppy, I am still not comfortable that he is reliable, but\nfor his age he is impressive. His biggest problem is not birds or wildlife,\nbut people and other dogs. He’s so friendly he wants to meet everyone!\n\nReply\n\n * Bryce1\n\nMarch 14, 2016 at 9:19 pm\n\nI carry a can of bear spray with me in case i run into a brass pack of\ncoyotes, mountain lion or a bear. I also have her vaccinated for rattlesnake\nbite and I agree, off leash hiking is a pretty awsome experience\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nMarch 16, 2016 at 2:24 pm\n\nThat sounds like good advice, Bryce! I’m glad I don’t live in an area with\nmountain lions, those would scare me the most, I think. ?\n\nReply\n\n * Kayla\n\nMay 15, 2016 at 8:47 pm\n\nI have a golden/ black lab mix! She is 9 months old and I am having a very\nhard time training her. She has a high prey drive and will go after anything!\nI would absolutely love if she could be off leash! Any tips? Thanks\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nMay 17, 2016 at 10:15 pm\n\nHi, Kayla! Wow, your girl is in the middle of her adolescent phase and it can\nbe really challenging at times. During adolescence, dogs seem to forget some\nof their early training and they also test boundaries a bit. It’s probably\nbest to reinforce the basics right now and work on developing a strong bond\nand recall, then when she’s a little older, start working on some of the ideas\nin the article for off-leash walking.\n\nYou’ll know when she’s ready for off-leash training by how strong her recall\nis. Good luck with the training...she’ll be through this phase soon. ?\n\nReply\n\n * Kristen\n\nSeptember 26, 2016 at 5:16 pm\n\nWe have a black lab who is now 11 months, we did off-leash training with an\nobedience trainer starting when he was around 9 months. What I found was you\nreally need to start the training in an area with no distractions and work\nyour way up. We started recall training inside the house, then moved to the\nbackyard (more smells outside), then moved to a fenced park, then an open\nfield with no fence, and then finally to trails. We made sure his recall was\nperfect at each new place before moving to a place with more distractions.\nLots of food rewards are key for food motivated dogs! We also started his off\nleash hiking on deactivated logging roads. Not much in the way for scenery,\nbut it was highly unlikely we would run into other hikers, the path was much\nwider than a typical forest path, and fairly straight so we were able to see\nif there were any approaching people or animals. We still stick to fairly\ndeserted trails, preferably ones that are straight or out in the open so we\ncan leash him if we see any distractions. I still wouldn’t trust his recall if\nanother dog came around a blind corner.\n\nLike many other commenters, I wish more hikers would leash their dog when they\nsee people approaching. I think it’s just common courtesy, and since my lab is\nstill young he is very over-the-top friendly and tends to jump on other dogs\nas a greeting. He has unfortunately been bit a few times by off leash dogs\nwhile he was on leash, and I’ve had to try to pull dogs off him, putting my\nown safety at risk, because the other dog’s owner was a mile away from their\ndog. It’s one of my pet peeves.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nSeptember 28, 2016 at 8:27 pm\n\nI think you could have written this article, Kristen! Thanks so much for\nsharing your off-leash training process with your lab. It sounds like you’ve\ndone everything right and no doubt you’re making great progress. I’m so sorry\nthat your pup has been bitten a few times. That’s so frustrating and hopefully\nothers will read this and realize how important it is to leash up their dogs\ntoo. Happy hiking! ?\n\n * Lily\n\nNovember 22, 2016 at 10:56 pm\n\nMy little mini schnauzer loves to bolt out the door... He only comes when he\nwants to. He has not when under training yet but I’m going to start. Will he\never be an off-leash dog?\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nNovember 23, 2016 at 11:22 pm\n\nHi Lily! Try some of these tips to see if you can train him on door manners\nfirst and see how it goes. http://chasingdogtales.com/how-to-train-your-door-\ndashing-dog/ Also, here’s a great post on how to help get your dog to focus on\nyou. http://chasingdogtales.com/getting-dogs-attention/\n\nThe second post was super helpful for Haley and really made a difference on\nall the training we did after that. If you can get your little guy to respond\nto the door manners and look to you for direction, it will really help working\non off-leash training. Good luck and have fun with the training! ?\n\nReply\n\n * Debbie\n\nDecember 1, 2016 at 9:50 pm\n\nWhat a sensible and helpful post. You’re right about sighthounds, I have a\nyoung greyhound and when I let him off leash he’s off following his nose,\nchasing birds and plastic bags dancing in the breeze! We’re working on recall\nwhich he is uninterested in and so we walk him on leash, one day.....\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nDecember 5, 2016 at 8:36 pm\n\nThank you so much, Debbie! It can be an even bigger challenge with young dogs\nthat have all that energy, but you’re right...maybe one day. ?\n\nReply\n\n * Pia\n\nJanuary 18, 2017 at 11:39 am\n\nLoved reading your tips on off-leash training and I was especially curious on\nwhat you do when you encounter other people/dogs. I would love to let my dog\noff-leash. His recall is great and he doesn’t like to run out of sight.\nHowever, we live in a pretty busy area and wherever we go, there’s always\npeople with dogs. Now my dog couldn’t care less about other dogs. He’d never\nrun to one, which is part of the problem. He is ok greeting them for a second\nand then he wants to move on. But we encounter so many dogs that are off-leash\nand are just obnoxiously in his face while he’s leashed already and he simply\ncan’t stand it and often gives a warning snap so they back off. That doesn’t\nsometimes end well. He’s not aggressive, he just doesn’t want other dogs in\nhis face all the time. And if I have him off-leash, even though he is a great\nlisteners and always comes, I feel like it’d be sending the wrong message to\nowners whose dog don’t listen and just run off and yet have their dogs\nunleashed. So I leash my dog, sadly, and have a better chance in getting\nbetween the dogs if something was to happen. We do have a ton of off-leash dog\nparks but they are always way too crowded, unfortunately.\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nJanuary 18, 2017 at 7:57 pm\n\nHi Pia,\n\nYou’re so lucky your dog doesn’t care that much about greeting other dogs when\nyou’re out walking. That makes your life easier in one respect, but I can see\nyour point about the obnoxious dogs that pester him. A lot of dogs don’t\nunderstand how to greet other dogs properly and they approach head on and with\na lot of excitement. Your boy is just trying to teach those other dogs a few\nmanners, but it can be stressful when that happens.\n\nIn our area, I’ve found that people don’t like to walk or hike very far. So\nparks that are crowded near the parking areas thin out quite a bit once you\nget 1/4 mile down the trail. I usually keep Haley leashed until we get away\nfrom most of the people and dogs. Also, I don’t mind driving a little further\nin order to find a less crowded park. I have to admit, my favorite place to\nhike with Haley is a park where dogs are supposed to be leashed, but there’s\nrarely anybody on the trails. When we do meet someone, they usually have their\ndogs off-leash too. I keep a close eye out for other people (and park rangers,\nhaha!) and immediately leash Haley until we pass.\n\nHaley can be a little defensive too when hyper dogs approach and what works\nbest for us is to keep moving and walk away from the other dog. I call Haley\nto come along with me and the other dog tends to lose interest and go back to\ntheir owner. It may not work every time, but after the other dog leaves, I\nalways give Haley lots of praise and a treat for listening and ignoring the\nother dog. Over time, she’s really improved on ignoring those dogs, even if\nthey’re trying to get in her face. Sometimes it may seem rude to just walk\naway from someone and their dog, but on the other hand, it’s also rude to not\nhave good control over your dog if they’re not being polite.\n\nIf you can find a new place to walk off leash with your boy, that would be the\neasiest solution. Good luck with your search and enjoy your time together in\nthe great outdoors!\n\nReply\n\n * Rachel MSP\n\nFebruary 7, 2017 at 7:55 pm\n\nMy husky lives off leash. it just takes patients and a lot of trust. Sometime\nI let him off leash hiking and sometimes I don’t. Depends on my level of\ncomfort and how many people are around. At home though, he roams free all day.\nChasing ducks or people walking on the beach. He knows his own comfort level\nand that’s a sight to see. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nFebruary 15, 2017 at 11:19 pm\n\nThat’s a great accomplishment to train a husky to be off leash, congrats!\nYou’re so right about building patience and trust. Here’s to many more awesome\noff-leash adventures in your future.?\n\nReply\n\n * Rachel MSP\n\nFebruary 16, 2017 at 10:34 am\n\nActually I don’t think you could consider what I did training. I just never\nleashed him at home. When hiking he’d already spent a great deal of time off\nleash at home so I just started taking him to deserted hiking trails to let\nhim run. That’s what I mean with trust and patients. It’s easy for me because\nwe live out in the country, so I can send him outside and he could roam for an\nhour and I know he’ll come home when he wants to lay down or eat. I’ve watched\nhim enough to know he’s set his own limitations. If I see him pushing them to\nfar I’ll go call him and he returns to a nice welcome home and a treat. I\nthink the most to this is you want to praise them when they return, no matter\nwhat they did or how long they were gone, Always praise them. You and your\nhome are their sanctuary safe place. Who wants to return to punishment.\nAnyways, me and my buddy live a happy companion life that’s fit for us.\nEveryone has their own “style” 😉\n\nReply\n\n * Chasing Dog Tales\n\nFebruary 18, 2017 at 4:17 pm\n\nThat’s so nice that you live in the country with lots of space to roam and\nexplore. I’m jealous, lol!?\n\nYou’re so right about always praising them when they come to you, no matter\nwhat. That was a huge part of working with Haley when we were training off\nleash. I always cringe when I see someone yell at their dog because they\ndidn’t come right away.\n\nReply\n\n * CR\n\nMarch 13, 2019 at 10:24 am\n\nVery helpful article! I have worked with my Red Healer, Hazel, a bit around\nour property off leash but hadn’t let her off lead away from home until this\npast trip. I waited for a day or so to see how she behaved with me – did she\ntry to pull away or stay close, listen, etc. And even with multiple dogs at\nadjacent campsites she listened so we started off with just being off leash at\ncamp and walking to the bathroom (still always carried the leash just in\ncase). It was a joy for both of us for her to be off leash on the trails. She\nwas amazing! Very proud of her! I did always leash her again if I heard people\nor dogs coming, or if we were back in an area around traffic.\n\nReply\n\n * Ann\n\nApril 27, 2020 at 6:26 pm\n\nMy dog gets out sometimes and runs around the neighborhood which scares me. I\nwant to try to train him to walk appropriately around areas off a leash, but\nhe just doesn’t come back to treats (he is very stubborn.) How do I fix this?\n\nReply\n\n * Dana\n\nOctober 11, 2020 at 3:02 pm\n\nGreat cite. I have always walked my dogs off leash but i have always had Labs\nor Lab mutts. I had two in DC in the 80s and 90s I had trained to run\nalongside my bike down from Capitol Hill down the national Mall. We would\nusually go early on weekend mornings but once we went on weekday spring noon\nand despite the thousands of tourists they stopped dutifully at the crosswalk\nand waited for me to show up with the bike and give them the OK to cross. On\nthe way back they would swim in the reflecting pool in front of the Capitol. I\ndoubt you could do that now with all the cops. Jersey and Kate. A pair of\ngreat off leash dogs.\n\nReply\n\n * Gordon Pearce\n\nJanuary 7, 2021 at 6:40 am\n\nI loved your article & agree . We take PJ our4 year old Anatolian /Pyrenees @\n130#-30′′ shoulder male neutered. A great hiking partner everyday at least 3\nmiles. Most times he’s on leash. In select areas and mid week with less foot\ntraffic , he can follow us or his nose off leash. Periodically we go camping\nand hiking. He gets on a longer leash and in some remote trails we can off\nleash depending on regulation and conditions. He’s very comfortable with other\npets & people and loves children . He is a great traveler, loves the water ,\ncanoeing and paddleboard are no problem on gentle conditions. He has a bike\nleash for when I’m lazy. I know I got off point, but I agree that the most\nimportant things are bonding and being vigilant in reading their moods. We\nneed to anticipate and regulate interactions appropriately.\n\nReply\n\n### Share your thoughts, leave a comment! Cancel reply\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\n * Is Apoquel Safe for Dogs With Allergies? 172 comments\n * What Should You Do When Your Dog Growls at Someone? 131 comments\n * Why Does My Dog Greet Me With a Toy? 128 comments\n * Our Success with Adequan for Arthritis 84 comments\n * Do You Have a Dog That Doesn’t Like to Play? 78 comments\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * 50 Ways to Save Money on Dog Expenses\n * Why Dogs Make Us Laugh\n * Is Your Dog Stressed Out?\n * My Favorite Global Pet Expo Products 2017\n * The 2017 Global Pet Expo!\n\n#### Visit Us on Instagram!\n\nLoad More...\n\nFollow on Instagram\n\n#### Archives\n\n#### Welcome!\n\nBrowse around awhile and you’ll find lots of helpful training tips and\ninformation along with some news, product reviews and yes, even a few dog\ntales! I would love to hear your thoughts, so leave a comment, suggestion or\nstart a conversation. This site is devoted to the community of dog lovers, dog\nowners and most of all, our four-legged family members who give us their\nunconditional love.\n\nToggle the Widgetbar\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Contact\n\n© Elaine C. Bryant, 2014-2017\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mnn.com/family/pets/stories/how-to-hike-with-your-dog-tips-rules-and-great-gear",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200510223550/https://www.mnn.com/family/pets/stories/how-to-hike-with-your-dog-tips-rules-and-great-gear",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to hike with your dog: Tips, rules and gear",
"passages": [
"Now that spring has sprung, many of us have itchy feet to be outside hiking and enjoying the great outdoors. And that goes for our four-legged best friends, too. Hiking safely and responsibly with your dog is a little more involved than just hopping out of the car and setting loose on a trail. This advice will get you ready to tackle the trail with your dog, and teach you how to be socially and environmentally conscious while hiking.",
"There are a few things to consider before you head out on the trail with your dog which will guarantee a safe, joyful trek.",
"1. How strenuous is the hike? Your dog's age, stature, and fitness level are all factors that will determine if he or she can go on a trail with you, or what type of trail you select. Older dogs get achy joints and tire out faster than dogs in their prime. Meanwhile a tough hike may hinder proper development in puppies if there is too much jumping or scrambling before their joints and bones are fully formed. Shorter dogs may have a more difficult time on trails, since they have to expend more energy and may not be able to scramble over rocks as easily. And even if your dog seems like the right age and build, consider the dog's fitness level. Make the length of the trail roughly equal to the length of your daily walks. If you only walk around the block a few times a day, then a 5-mile hike is probably too much for your pooch, and you may be carrying him for the last half of the trip. If your pooch has more daily exercise and endurance, then you can safely choose a longer trail. Finally, consider the weather. If you're hiking in winter conditions, can your short-haired pointer handle the chill? Or if you're hiking in summer, can your thick-coated Labrador deal with the heat?",
"2. Is your dog socialized and non-reactive? You'll likely be meeting other people, dogs, and cyclists on trails, and possibly even horses. Often the trails will be narrow when passing others, making it even more difficult if your dog is nervous, fearful, leash reactive, or aggressive toward other humans or animals. If this is the case, then hiking on busy public trails is not an ideal activity for your dog. Seek out quieter, less popular trails and have a few training strategies in place to help your dog pass strangers and other triggers.",
"3. Is your dog up to date on vaccines, flea and tick prevention, and heartworm prevention? You never know what you'll run into on the trail, so make sure that your dog has current rabies vaccinations and any other appropriate vaccinations. Also flea, tick and heartworm medication is a must for heading out on trails.",
"4. Is your dog licensed and microchipped? Having a current license is necessary in case there are any incidences on the trail. And having your dog microchipped is a great way to ensure that should anything go wrong and Fido gets lost, there's a way to get him home to you even if he loses his collar and ID tags.",
"Like it or not, you're representing all dog owners when you're hiking with your dog. You want to be on your best behavior not only to keep you and your dog safe and happy, but also to help ensure the trails you enjoy stay open to dogs. Just a handful of bad episodes between dogs and other hikers, or one too many evacuation calls for dogs, could mean that dogs will be banned from the trails. So do you and your dog a favor by following these guidelines.",
"1. Keep control of your dog at all times. This means your dog should stay on a 6-foot leash. Even on off-leash trails, unless your dog has perfect recall in any situation (and let's admit it, the vast majority of household dogs don't, especially around so much stimulation) then you want to keep your dog on a leash. This will prevent a plethora of potential problems, from chasing wildlife to having a run-in with another dog to charging up to approaching hikers. A simple nylon or leather leash is best; no flex-leads as these can cause as many problems as they prevent. Still not convinced you want to keep your dog on a leash? Just consider the possibility of your dog encountering a snake before you can notice or get there to pull your dog away. Or perhaps your dog goes bounding off trail for a moment and, unbeknownst to you, has bounded right through poison ivy, oak or sumac. All that itch-inducing oil on his coat will now be all over you (and your car when you travel home).",
"2. Consider other hikers. It may be a bummer, but it's a fact: not everyone likes dogs. Some people are allergic, some are fearful, some just plain old don't like them, and some people don't agree that dogs should be allowed on hiking trails. So to keep everyone as happy as possible and prevent unpleasant encounters or complaints, act as if every oncoming hiker doesn't like dogs until they prove otherwise. Make sure your dog is on-leash as hikers approach, and don't allow your dog to go up and greet them unless invited. Give dog-less hikers the right of way, and have your dog sit politely next to you (or at least stand out of the way) while they pass.",
"3. Don’t bother wildlife or plant life. It's really easy to follow this guideline — you just have to keep your dog on leash and on the trail. It's so easy for an off-leash dog to get overly excited and chase after everything from squirrels and birds to deer and coyotes. But remember you're in the animals' home, and it's best to be a respectful guest and not send them into a panic. Also, staying on trail means you won't harm fragile, and possibly threatened or endangered plant life. You'll also help prevent erosion which will keep the trail open to hiking longer.",
"4. Keep a 1:1 human-to-dog ratio. Handling two dogs by yourself can quickly become overwhelming if you come across more dogs on the trail, or if one dog becomes tired or injured. One dog per person helps you maintain control over situations and makes it easier on everyone during the trek. It's also a smart idea to limit the number of dogs on the trail to two or three in total. More dogs than this can be intimidating to other hikers, as well as adds undue environmental stress to the area.",
"5. Do not allow your dog to drink from areas of standing water. Standing water typically harbors parasites and bacteria that can make your dog sick, even fatally so. Be sure you bring enough fresh water to keep your dog hydrated so you can avoid any ponds, marshes or puddles that make your dog ill.",
"6. Take breaks for water and snacks. And plenty of them. Dehydration and overheating are common problems for dogs on hiking trails. Be sure to continuously hydrate your dog (and yourself!) every half hour or so. If your dog is panting excessively or slowing down, find a shady spot to rest until he or she recovers. Bring snacks and treats for your dog and dole them out over the course of the hike. Just like you, your dog needs a little fuel every so often along the trail to keep the energy level up and finish the hike with flying colors.",
"7. Leave no trace. Just as you'd apply the rule to yourself by packing out all trash and leaving nothing but footprints, so too with your dog. Pack out all dog waste and avoid leaving signs that he was on the trail.",
"There are a few things that are absolute must-have items for any trail, and a few things that are essentials for certain trails or just great to bring if you have them. We'll address both here.",
"Treats and food: If the hike is long enough that you’ll want a snack, then your dog will need one too",
"First aid kit: Basic components should include tweezers, cleansers and disinfectants, canine eyewash, stop-bleeding powder, bandages, bandage scissors and tape. There are other smart items to have in a canine first aid kit, many items of which you'll find in pre-assembled kits from pet supply stores or online pet product websites.",
"Harness: For dogs that pull, or if you're going over terrain where your dog might need some help from you, a harness will make the hike more comfortable and safe overall. Ruffwear carries a great selection of harnesses, including the Web Master which is an excellent all-purpose harness.",
"Dog backpack: If your dog is large enough to carry a pack, then perhaps he can carry his own water and snacks. Just remember to never fill the pack beyond 20-25 percent of your dog's weight, and less if your dog is not conditioned to carrying a pack.",
"Dog booties: A dog's paws can get scratched and cut on rocks, rough terrain or packed snow, so protecting them on long hikes is important.",
"Pack-a-poo waste carrier: If you want to avoid any unpleasant smells as you pack out your dog poop bags, this is a must-have item.",
"Reflective collar or vest: It's a great idea to have reflective gear if you're hiking in the afternoons or overnight. Not only will it help you find your dog should you get separated, but it's especially smart if you're in an area where hunting is allowed.",
"The last part of getting ready for a hike is finding the best trail. There are several websites that can help narrow down your search, finding trails that allow dogs in the area where you want to hike. BringFido.com is a wonderful site for finding dog-friendly hiking (and everything else) worldwide. There are also location-specific resources; for example, DogTrekker is an excellent site for Californians. Hike With Your Dog is another good resource to check out.",
"If you're searching for trails on websites that are not dog-specific, be sure to look for the trails that allow dogs. Also, pay attention to leash regulations. Many, if not most trails allow dogs only if they are on-leash. There are also plenty of great books that list dog-friendly trails, such as the \"60 Hikes Within 60 Miles\" series. Check out your local outdoor gear supply store for books on dog-friendly trails in your area.",
"What you need to know for preparing for a hike with your dog, packing the right gear, and finding great dog-friendly hiking trails."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to hike with your dog: Tips, rules and gear | MNN - Mother Nature Network\n\nMother Nature Network\n\n * Earth Matters\n\n * All Earth Matters\n * Animals\n * Climate & Weather\n * Energy\n * Politics\n * Space\n * Translating Uncle Sam\n * Wilderness & Resources\n * Health\n\n * All Health\n * Allergies\n * Fitness & Well-Being\n * Healthy Spaces\n * Lifestyle\n\n * All Lifestyle\n * Arts & Culture\n * Natural Beauty & Fashion\n * Recycling\n * Responsible Living\n * Travel\n * Tech\n\n * All Tech\n * Computers\n * Gadgets & Electronics\n * Research & Innovations\n * Transportation\n * Money\n\n * All Money\n * Green Workplace\n * Personal Finance\n * Sustainable Business Practices\n * Food & Drink\n\n * All Food & Drink\n * Beverages\n * Healthy Eating\n * Recipes\n * Home\n\n * All Home\n * At Home\n * Organic Farming & Gardening\n * Remodeling & Design\n * Family\n\n * All Family\n * Babies & Pregnancy\n * Family Activities\n * Pets\n * Protection & Safety\n\nMother Nature Network\n\n * Earth Matters\n * Health\n * Lifestyle\n * Tech\n * Money\n * Food & Drink\n * Home\n * Family\n\n * Newsletters\n * Photos\n * Videos\n * Quizzes\n * Blogs\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n\nMNN.com > Family > Pets\n\n# How to hike with your dog: Tips, rules and gear\n\n## A guide for how to prepare, what to pack, rules for the trail, and\nresources for finding great dog-friendly hiking trails.\n\nJaymi Heimbuch\n\nApril 9, 2014, 3:11 p.m.\n\nTweet\n\nExperiencing the great outdoors is even better with a friend. (Photo: Barna\nTanko/Shutterstock)\n\nNow that spring has sprung, many of us have itchy feet to be outside hiking\nand enjoying the great outdoors. And that goes for our four-legged best\nfriends, too. Hiking safely and responsibly with your dog is a little more\ninvolved than just hopping out of the car and setting loose on a trail. This\nadvice will get you ready to tackle the trail with your dog, and teach you how\nto be socially and environmentally conscious while hiking.\n\n## Is your dog ready for hiking?\n\nThere are a few things to consider before you head out on the trail with your\ndog which will guarantee a safe, joyful trek.\n\n1\\. How strenuous is the hike? Your dog's age, stature, and fitness level are\nall factors that will determine if he or she can go on a trail with you, or\nwhat type of trail you select. Older dogs get achy joints and tire out faster\nthan dogs in their prime. Meanwhile a tough hike may hinder proper development\nin puppies if there is too much jumping or scrambling before their joints and\nbones are fully formed. Shorter dogs may have a more difficult time on trails,\nsince they have to expend more energy and may not be able to scramble over\nrocks as easily. And even if your dog seems like the right age and build,\nconsider the dog's fitness level. Make the length of the trail roughly equal\nto the length of your daily walks. If you only walk around the block a few\ntimes a day, then a 5-mile hike is probably too much for your pooch, and you\nmay be carrying him for the last half of the trip. If your pooch has more\ndaily exercise and endurance, then you can safely choose a longer trail.\nFinally, consider the weather. If you're hiking in winter conditions, can your\nshort-haired pointer handle the chill? Or if you're hiking in summer, can your\nthick-coated Labrador deal with the heat?\n\n2\\. Is your dog socialized and non-reactive? You'll likely be meeting other\npeople, dogs, and cyclists on trails, and possibly even horses. Often the\ntrails will be narrow when passing others, making it even more difficult if\nyour dog is nervous, fearful, leash reactive, or aggressive toward other\nhumans or animals. If this is the case, then hiking on busy public trails is\nnot an ideal activity for your dog. Seek out quieter, less popular trails and\nhave a few training strategies in place to help your dog pass strangers and\nother triggers.\n\n3\\. Is your dog up to date on vaccines, flea and tick prevention, and\nheartworm prevention? You never know what you'll run into on the trail, so\nmake sure that your dog has current rabies vaccinations and any other\nappropriate vaccinations. Also flea, tick and heartworm medication is a must\nfor heading out on trails.\n\n4\\. Is your dog licensed and microchipped? Having a current license is\nnecessary in case there are any incidences on the trail. And having your dog\nmicrochipped is a great way to ensure that should anything go wrong and Fido\ngets lost, there's a way to get him home to you even if he loses his collar\nand ID tags.\n\nA family hike with the dog is a great idea, as long as you're prepared.\n(Photo: gorillaimages/Shutterstock)\n\n## Smart rules and safety guidelines to follow:\n\nLike it or not, you're representing all dog owners when you're hiking with\nyour dog. You want to be on your best behavior not only to keep you and your\ndog safe and happy, but also to help ensure the trails you enjoy stay open to\ndogs. Just a handful of bad episodes between dogs and other hikers, or one too\nmany evacuation calls for dogs, could mean that dogs will be banned from the\ntrails. So do you and your dog a favor by following these guidelines.\n\n1\\. Keep control of your dog at all times. This means your dog should stay on\na 6-foot leash. Even on off-leash trails, unless your dog has perfect recall\nin any situation (and let's admit it, the vast majority of household dogs\ndon't, especially around so much stimulation) then you want to keep your dog\non a leash. This will prevent a plethora of potential problems, from chasing\nwildlife to having a run-in with another dog to charging up to approaching\nhikers. A simple nylon or leather leash is best; no flex-leads as these can\ncause as many problems as they prevent. Still not convinced you want to keep\nyour dog on a leash? Just consider the possibility of your dog encountering a\nsnake before you can notice or get there to pull your dog away. Or perhaps\nyour dog goes bounding off trail for a moment and, unbeknownst to you, has\nbounded right through poison ivy, oak or sumac. All that itch-inducing oil on\nhis coat will now be all over you (and your car when you travel home).\n\n2\\. Consider other hikers. It may be a bummer, but it's a fact: not everyone\nlikes dogs. Some people are allergic, some are fearful, some just plain old\ndon't like them, and some people don't agree that dogs should be allowed on\nhiking trails. So to keep everyone as happy as possible and prevent unpleasant\nencounters or complaints, act as if every oncoming hiker doesn't like dogs\nuntil they prove otherwise. Make sure your dog is on-leash as hikers approach,\nand don't allow your dog to go up and greet them unless invited. Give dog-less\nhikers the right of way, and have your dog sit politely next to you (or at\nleast stand out of the way) while they pass.\n\n3\\. Don’t bother wildlife or plant life. It's really easy to follow this\nguideline — you just have to keep your dog on leash and on the trail. It's so\neasy for an off-leash dog to get overly excited and chase after everything\nfrom squirrels and birds to deer and coyotes. But remember you're in the\nanimals' home, and it's best to be a respectful guest and not send them into a\npanic. Also, staying on trail means you won't harm fragile, and possibly\nthreatened or endangered plant life. You'll also help prevent erosion which\nwill keep the trail open to hiking longer.\n\n4\\. Keep a 1:1 human-to-dog ratio. Handling two dogs by yourself can quickly\nbecome overwhelming if you come across more dogs on the trail, or if one dog\nbecomes tired or injured. One dog per person helps you maintain control over\nsituations and makes it easier on everyone during the trek. It's also a smart\nidea to limit the number of dogs on the trail to two or three in total. More\ndogs than this can be intimidating to other hikers, as well as adds undue\nenvironmental stress to the area.\n\n5\\. Do not allow your dog to drink from areas of standing water. Standing\nwater typically harbors parasites and bacteria that can make your dog sick,\neven fatally so. Be sure you bring enough fresh water to keep your dog\nhydrated so you can avoid any ponds, marshes or puddles that make your dog\nill.\n\n6\\. Take breaks for water and snacks. And plenty of them. Dehydration and\noverheating are common problems for dogs on hiking trails. Be sure to\ncontinuously hydrate your dog (and yourself!) every half hour or so. If your\ndog is panting excessively or slowing down, find a shady spot to rest until he\nor she recovers. Bring snacks and treats for your dog and dole them out over\nthe course of the hike. Just like you, your dog needs a little fuel every so\noften along the trail to keep the energy level up and finish the hike with\nflying colors.\n\n7\\. Leave no trace. Just as you'd apply the rule to yourself by packing out\nall trash and leaving nothing but footprints, so too with your dog. Pack out\nall dog waste and avoid leaving signs that he was on the trail.\n\nThis dog's hiking pack is the right size. (Photo: AdventureStock/Shutterstock)\n\n## Essentials to pack:\n\nThere are a few things that are absolute must-have items for any trail, and a\nfew things that are essentials for certain trails or just great to bring if\nyou have them. We'll address both here.\n\nMust-bring:\n\n * Collar with ID tag and license\n\n * Leash\n\n * Doggy poop bags\n\n * Water and a collapsible water bowl, or a water bottle with dispenser like a Gulpy\n\n * Treats and food: If the hike is long enough that you’ll want a snack, then your dog will need one too\n\n * Tick repellant and/or tick key\n\n * First aid kit: Basic components should include tweezers, cleansers and disinfectants, canine eyewash, stop-bleeding powder, bandages, bandage scissors and tape. There are other smart items to have in a canine first aid kit, many items of which you'll find in pre-assembled kits from pet supply stores or online pet product websites.\n\nMore great gear:\n\n * Harness: For dogs that pull, or if you're going over terrain where your dog might need some help from you, a harness will make the hike more comfortable and safe overall. Ruffwear carries a great selection of harnesses, including the Web Master which is an excellent all-purpose harness.\n\n * Dog backpack: If your dog is large enough to carry a pack, then perhaps he can carry his own water and snacks. Just remember to never fill the pack beyond 20-25 percent of your dog's weight, and less if your dog is not conditioned to carrying a pack.\n\n * Dog booties: A dog's paws can get scratched and cut on rocks, rough terrain or packed snow, so protecting them on long hikes is important.\n\n * Pack-a-poo waste carrier: If you want to avoid any unpleasant smells as you pack out your dog poop bags, this is a must-have item.\n\n * Reflective collar or vest: It's a great idea to have reflective gear if you're hiking in the afternoons or overnight. Not only will it help you find your dog should you get separated, but it's especially smart if you're in an area where hunting is allowed.\n\n## Finding a trail:\n\nThe last part of getting ready for a hike is finding the best trail. There are\nseveral websites that can help narrow down your search, finding trails that\nallow dogs in the area where you want to hike. BringFido.com is a wonderful\nsite for finding dog-friendly hiking (and everything else) worldwide. There\nare also location-specific resources; for example, DogTrekker is an excellent\nsite for Californians. Hike With Your Dog is another good resource to check\nout.\n\nIf you're searching for trails on websites that are not dog-specific, be sure\nto look for the trails that allow dogs. Also, pay attention to leash\nregulations. Many, if not most trails allow dogs only if they are on-leash.\nThere are also plenty of great books that list dog-friendly trails, such as\nthe \"60 Hikes Within 60 Miles\" series. Check out your local outdoor gear\nsupply store for books on dog-friendly trails in your area.\n\nNow you're ready to head out into the great outdoors with your dog!\n\nHappy dogs, happy hike. (Photo: Jaymi Heimbuch)\n\nJaymi Heimbuch ( @jaymiheimbuch ) focuses on wildlife conservation and animal\nnews from her home base in San Francisco.\n\nRelated on MNN:\n\nA beginner's glossary to hiking and camping\n\nClassic American hiking trails\n\nRelated topics: Pets\n\nHow to hike with your dog: Tips, rules and gear\n\nWhat you need to know for preparing for a hike with your dog, packing the\nright gear, and finding great dog-friendly hiking trails.\n\n#### Join our newsletter list\n\n#### Trending on MNN\n\n * 1\n\n### Garter snakes form surprisingly strong, human-like friendships\n\n * 2\n\n### 12 incredible facts about lemurs\n\n * 3\n\n### How to get a bird out of your house\n\n * 4\n\n### Behold, the most detailed map of the moon ever created\n\n * 5\n\n### Ocean creatures keep millions of viruses at bay\n\n * 6\n\n### 11 animals that live the longest\n\nSPONSORED\n\n#### The new normal\n\n * ### 10 benefits of walking\n\nFrom your heart to your head, here's why you should lace up your sneakers.\n\n * ### Disinfectants: A guide to killing germs and what dangers to be aware of\n\nThe pros and cons of a variety of germ-busting agents.\n\n * ### 6 questions pet owners are asking during COVID-19\n\nFrom vet visits to virus spread, your biggest questions answered.\n\n * ### Why family dinner is important (and how to make it happen)\n\nIt's as simple as enjoying healthy food and each other's company.\n\n * ### What is mindfulness?\n\nDefining it can be tricky, but once you’ve grasped the concept, we’ve got\nseveral ways to practice.\n\n * ### Tune up your immune system in the garden\n\nLearn the science of why digging in the dirt is good for you.\n\nSPONSORED\n\n#### Join our newsletter list\n\nQuick Links\n\nMNN Tools\n\nConnect\n\nChannels\n\n * About Us\n * Advisory Board\n * Editors' Blog\n * Press\n * Privacy\n * Terms of Service\n\n * Blogs\n * Eco-glossary\n * Infographics\n * Lists\n * Photos\n * Videos\n\n * Contact Us\n * Newsletters\n * RSS\n\n * Earth Matters\n * Health\n * Lifestyle\n * Tech\n * Money\n * Food & Drink\n * Home\n * Family\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nFlipboard\n\nInstagram\n\nLinkedIn\n\nSPONSORED\n\n###### Copyright © 2020 NARRATIVE CONTENT GROUP. All rights reserved.\n\n### We're happy you're here!\n\nWelcome to Mother Nature Network, where curiosity rules and living well is the\ngoal.\n\n#### Join our newsletter list\n\nThe MNN newsletter is delivered every Monday, Wednesday and Friday.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20841292,00.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181029012144/https://www.health.com/health/gallery/0,,20841292,00.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Best Dogs for Runners and Active People",
"passages": [
"Man's best friend makes a loving and loyal pet—and an awesome fitness partner. With all the walking, chasing, and playing you do together, keeping up with your dog can be an exercise in and of itself. Case in point: dog owners walk more than those without a pooch, averaging four walks a week for 160 minutes of physical activity, according to a study published in the Journal of Physical Activity & Health. You'll boost your fitness by owning any dog, but breeds with extra stamina and agility will really keep you moving. Whether you like to run, swim, hike, or play games in your yard, these ultra-active breeds will help you stay in shape.",
"Corgis may be short, but they're not lacking in muscle. A set of strong thighs gives this dog a lot of power for moving fast, which may explain why the breed was so popular in Medieval times for herding cattle and sheep. \"These great little dogs have an uncanny desire to work,\" says Jeff Werber, a licensed veterinarian and founder of Century Veterinary Group in Los Angeles, Calif. \"But once they get into herding mode, they're obsessed.\" That means you need to find ways to occupy this dog's time, or he may just start nipping at your heels. Though stout legs make it hard to run long distances with the Corgi, he's still perfect for short or long walks and even some light jogging.",
"If you want a dog that's truly tireless, consider a Jack Russell. The breed may be small, but what they lack in size they make up for in boundless energy. \"They are always on. They never turn off,\" Dr. Werber says. \"They'll outrun you and keep you going.\" But be warned: Jack Russells require lots of interaction, or else they'll find their own ways to have fun, like eating your furniture. Though they may not be ideal for intense runs, you will get a workout together by playing chase and simply trying to keep up with him. Because of the breed's strong hunting instincts, they will go off sprinting at the sight of small animals like squirrels and mice, so you may want to keep yours secured on a leash when outside the yard.",
"Whether they're playing Frisbee at the park or getting wet in the water, Labs are constantly bursting with enthusiasm for any activity they do. They'd make the perfect partners for hunting, fishing, or hiking. \"Their energy comes from a desire to do what they love and you love,\" Dr. Werber says. \"They want so badly to just hang with you.\" Labs, like all retrievers, were bred to catch game for hunters, so they have an innate ability to please and take well to training. No wonder the Lab has reigned as the most popular dog breed in the U.S. for the past 23 years, according to the American Kennel Club.",
"Another herding dog with some real brainpower: the Australian Shepherd, or Aussie for short. The breed traces back to a line of Europe's finest herders, one reason you'll find them among today's modern cowboys on working ranches. \"Their ability to adapt to unfamiliar situations and use information they've already learned is remarkable,\" Dr. Werber says. \"Give them an obstacle course, and they'll probably outperform anyone.\" They have heavier bodies, so Aussies are not ideal companions for long-distance runs, but their brains, agility, and quick reactions make them perfect for a game of Frisbee or catch. Like the Border Collie, Aussies can get a little shy around strangers, but they love being a part of family life.",
"\"This Hungarian hunting dog is super active,\" Dr. Werber says. \"They love to get out and will definitely keep you running.\" Originating from an Asian tribe of hunters called the Magyars about 1,500 years ago, these copper-hued beauties are tough and up for any exercise you give them, but they especially love sprinting. They were bred to spend long days in the field, so count on these dogs to make excellent running companions, whether going fast or long and steady. Even better, the breed's retrieving characteristics come with a can-do attitude that helps Vizslas excel at training and have good relationships with their owners. In other words, they're affectionate and smart. Just keep in mind that you have to be a real fitness buff to care for this breed as Vizslas require daily exercise.",
"These dogs are serious athletes—they were bred to pull sleds and can run more than 400 miles in Alaskan dog sled races. Growing up to 60 pounds, the Siberian Husky has incredible endurance to keep going through harsh conditions. Still, the breed's training and thick double-coat make the dogs better suited to accompany you when you do cold-weather sports, like cross country skiing or snowshoeing. Huskies are independent by nature, so you have to keep in mind they can be a bit stubborn when it comes to commands. \"This is the kind of dog where you may have to be more repetitive with training,\" says Gina DiNardo, vice president of the American Kennel Club. \"You'll have to figure out ways to hold his attention.\" So while you can run together long distances in certain weather, might be best to keep this free spirit on a leash.",
"Like Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers are eager to please and have the energy to perform a variety of outdoor activities. Hiking, swimming, or moderate jogging are all great for this pup. Plus, you won't have trouble getting a Golden to listen to you. \"This dog is so intelligent it lends well to first time dog owners who don't have much experience with training,\" DiNardo says. The breed does have a double coat, so you'll need to watch out for shedding and make sure your dog doesn't get overheated in the summer. But if you're looking for the kind of dog that will get your brain and body moving every day, then this one is a no-brainer.",
"English Springer Spaniels were originally bred in the 1600s to detect, flush, point, and retrieve birds in all kinds of weather conditions, and today, hunters still love them. The breed's boundless energy also makes these furry friends excellent for long walks, games of chase or fetch, and even swimming. \"The breed can be very high-strung,\" DiNardo says. \"To keep them happy, you'll need to put in a daily commitment of walking and exercising.\" Despite being a poised hunter, this spaniel still loves a good cuddle and is always up for spending time with family.",
"Known for their long legs and sleek grey coats, Weimaraners aren't just gorgeous. They're also fearless hunters and competitive in dog sports, especially agility. \"Weimaraners were bred to retrieve large and small game like wolves, deer, and birds, so they have all kinds of energy to work outside all day,\" DiNardo says. With the ability to reach great speeds and a short coat to boot, Weimaraners are also ideal for long-distance runners looking for a four-legged pal that can match their pace. But keep in mind this dog is not for the average owner. These pups need to be physically and mentally active every single day, or else they may make a mess of your house.",
"\"Now here's a nice energetic smaller breed for long walks or light jogging,\" DiNardo says. This hound dog is a sturdy hunter. In the 1500s, Englishmen had packs of them to chase after rabbits (and they are still used for hunting). Though they may not fare well on long runs, the breed is so lively they'll need a good amount of exercise to burn off steam. Just like Snoopy, Beagles are a curious and mischievous bunch. They're constantly following their nose, DiNardo says. That's why you should keep yours on a leash when venturing in unchartered territory—otherwise, your pup will run off to track a new scent. At the end of the day, though, Beagles are great around kids and families because their pack mentality makes them suited to hang with anybody.",
"These spotted beauties were once the premier dogs trained to protect horses as they pulled stagecoaches. \"They were bred to go 20 miles at a time while trotting,\" says Caroline Coile, PhD, best-selling author of Barron's Encyclopedia of Dog Breeds. Having a lean and muscular physique complements their active lifestyle. \"The straighter and more angled a dog's body is, the stronger and faster they are going to be,\" Coile says. Dals are the perfect mix of the two; the breed has powerful hind legs for long-distance running and hiking. Yet, they're still a fun-loving bunch and super social, so you can be sure Dalmatians will get along well with anybody.",
"Don't be worried if you get a weird look from this dog. That's just the Border Collie's intense \"herding eye,\" used to stalk cattle. You could say the Collie is a bit of a workaholic. Collies have a drive to work endlessly until the job is done. And it doesn't hurt they've got some brains to go with that brawn. \"It's uncanny how smart and responsive Border Collies can be. They are like the Einsteins of the dog world,\" Coile says. Even though their build may not work for long-distance running, these dogs are so full of energy, you'll never be bored. Collies need to get moving every single day. They love obstacle courses, so set up your own in your backyard for a great way to get both of you burning calories.",
"When it comes to poodles, looks can be really deceiving. \"Everyone thinks they're sissy dogs, but they really love to do it all,\" Coile says. \"Jump, swim, run, retrieve, you name it.\" They actually started out as duck hunters in Germany, so poodles aren't afraid to get dirty. In fact, poodle in German means \"to splash.\" Because they have retrieving instincts, they're also keen listeners and eager to master any training. Though poodles need to be groomed every six weeks, the trade-off is you're getting a dog that doesn't shed as often—poodles have a single coat of curly hair instead of a thick double-coat. But if you're up for it, poodles can prove to be quite interactive companions. Bonus: \"Since they come in standard, miniature, and toy sizes, you really can't go wrong,\" Dr. Coile says.",
"This speckled brown pup is a versatile hunter. The Pointer can retrieve anything from quail to waterfowl, even deer. Like English Springer Spaniels, they can also withstand long days working outside. \"If you take him into the field, he's going to make big arches around you,\" Dr. Coile says. Because this breed thrives on activity, they need an outlet to let out all that energy, whether you run, swim, or get involved in doggie sports, like tracking or obedience. With a nice, even temper, the Pointer makes the perfect friend to hang out with when you're not getting a workout together. Just keep in mind you may want to keep him on a leash, as this breed won't hesitate to beat you to the finish line.",
"Don't judge a dog by his size. The Papillon stands about 8 to 11 inches, but still proves to be a serious contender in some of the most competitive dog sports, including agility. \"The Papillon is perfect for someone who wants a small dog that can do everything a big dog can do,\" Dr. Coile says. Even though they're part of the toy group, Papillons have sporting in their blood. While they may not be able to run long miles, they'll certainly keep you moving on a walk or sprint around the yard. Alert and playful, Papillons love to get outdoors when they can and show off their smarts, so be ready to teach this cutie some new tricks.",
"Purebreds aren't the only dogs that know a thing or two about being active. It's also possible to find a furry fitness partner just waiting for a home at your local shelter. While a dog mixed from active breeds like a Labradoodle might prove to be a champ, sometimes that's not the best way to tell if a dog will be super active. \"You can't predict which traits from the parents will be dominant in the puppy,\" DiNardo says. Even physical characteristics like strong legs could fool you. \"A Mastiff-type dog in a shelter may appear physically strong, but the breeds that make up the dog are not very active and require light to moderate exercise,\" DiNardo says. The best way to tell if a mixed breed will keep you moving: energy level. At the shelter, ask about the dog's exercise habits or find out what kind of action he saw at his previous home. A mini playtime session at the shelter couldn't hurt either to see if the pup will help you break a sweat.",
"Health.com is part of the Meredith Health Group. All rights reserved. The material in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is not intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended treatments. All products and services featured are selected by our editors. Health.com may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. See the Terms of Service and Privacy Policy (Your California Rights)for more information. Ad Choices | EU Data Subject Requests"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Best Dogs for Runners and Active People - Health\n\n## Explore Health\n\nHealth.com Health.com\n\n## Profile Menu\n\n * Subscribe\n * Your Profile\n\nYour Profile\n\n * Email Preferences\n * Manage Your Subscription\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * Help\n\n### Follow us\n\n## View all gallery\n\n## Share options\n\nPinterest Facebook Twitter Google Email Print Send Text Message\n\n# 15 Best Dog Breeds for Active People\n\nPin\n\nWant to run with your dog? These are the best dog breeds for active people.\n\nStart Slideshow\n\n## 1 of 18\n\n### Workout buddies\n\nMan's best friend makes a loving and loyal pet—and an awesome fitness partner.\nWith all the walking, chasing, and playing you do together, keeping up with\nyour dog can be an exercise in and of itself. Case in point: dog owners walk\nmore than those without a pooch, averaging four walks a week for 160 minutes\nof physical activity, according to a study published in the Journal of\nPhysical Activity & Health. You'll boost your fitness by owning any dog, but\nbreeds with extra stamina and agility will really keep you moving. Whether you\nlike to run, swim, hike, or play games in your yard, these ultra-active breeds\nwill help you stay in shape.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 2 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Pembroke Welsh Corgi\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: walks, light jogging, playing chase\n\nCorgis may be short, but they're not lacking in muscle. A set of strong thighs\ngives this dog a lot of power for moving fast, which may explain why the breed\nwas so popular in Medieval times for herding cattle and sheep. \"These great\nlittle dogs have an uncanny desire to work,\" says Jeff Werber, a licensed\nveterinarian and founder of Century Veterinary Group in Los Angeles, Calif.\n\"But once they get into herding mode, they're obsessed.\" That means you need\nto find ways to occupy this dog's time, or he may just start nipping at your\nheels. Though stout legs make it hard to run long distances with the Corgi,\nhe's still perfect for short or long walks and even some light jogging.\n\n## 3 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Jack Russell Terrier\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Playing chase, light running, learning tricks\n\nIf you want a dog that's truly tireless, consider a Jack Russell. The breed\nmay be small, but what they lack in size they make up for in boundless energy.\n\"They are always on. They never turn off,\" Dr. Werber says. \"They'll outrun\nyou and keep you going.\" But be warned: Jack Russells require lots of\ninteraction, or else they'll find their own ways to have fun, like eating your\nfurniture. Though they may not be ideal for intense runs, you will get a\nworkout together by playing chase and simply trying to keep up with him.\nBecause of the breed's strong hunting instincts, they will go off sprinting at\nthe sight of small animals like squirrels and mice, so you may want to keep\nyours secured on a leash when outside the yard.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 4 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Labrador Retriever\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Frisbee, swimming, hunting, fishing, hiking\n\nWhether they're playing Frisbee at the park or getting wet in the water, Labs\nare constantly bursting with enthusiasm for any activity they do. They'd make\nthe perfect partners for hunting, fishing, or hiking. \"Their energy comes from\na desire to do what they love and you love,\" Dr. Werber says. \"They want so\nbadly to just hang with you.\" Labs, like all retrievers, were bred to catch\ngame for hunters, so they have an innate ability to please and take well to\ntraining. No wonder the Lab has reigned as the most popular dog breed in the\nU.S. for the past 23 years, according to the American Kennel Club.\n\n## 5 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Australian Shepherd\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Frisbee, playing catch, learning tricks\n\nAnother herding dog with some real brainpower: the Australian Shepherd, or\nAussie for short. The breed traces back to a line of Europe's finest herders,\none reason you'll find them among today's modern cowboys on working ranches.\n\"Their ability to adapt to unfamiliar situations and use information they've\nalready learned is remarkable,\" Dr. Werber says. \"Give them an obstacle\ncourse, and they'll probably outperform anyone.\" They have heavier bodies, so\nAussies are not ideal companions for long-distance runs, but their brains,\nagility, and quick reactions make them perfect for a game of Frisbee or catch.\nLike the Border Collie, Aussies can get a little shy around strangers, but\nthey love being a part of family life.\n\n## 6 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Vizsla\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Long-distance running, hunting\n\n\"This Hungarian hunting dog is super active,\" Dr. Werber says. \"They love to\nget out and will definitely keep you running.\" Originating from an Asian tribe\nof hunters called the Magyars about 1,500 years ago, these copper-hued\nbeauties are tough and up for any exercise you give them, but they especially\nlove sprinting. They were bred to spend long days in the field, so count on\nthese dogs to make excellent running companions, whether going fast or long\nand steady. Even better, the breed's retrieving characteristics come with a\ncan-do attitude that helps Vizslas excel at training and have good\nrelationships with their owners. In other words, they're affectionate and\nsmart. Just keep in mind that you have to be a real fitness buff to care for\nthis breed as Vizslas require daily exercise.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 7 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Siberian Husky\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Winter sports, sledding, cold weather running\n\nThese dogs are serious athletes—they were bred to pull sleds and can run more\nthan 400 miles in Alaskan dog sled races. Growing up to 60 pounds, the\nSiberian Husky has incredible endurance to keep going through harsh\nconditions. Still, the breed's training and thick double-coat make the dogs\nbetter suited to accompany you when you do cold-weather sports, like cross\ncountry skiing or snowshoeing. Huskies are independent by nature, so you have\nto keep in mind they can be a bit stubborn when it comes to commands. \"This is\nthe kind of dog where you may have to be more repetitive with training,\" says\nGina DiNardo, vice president of the American Kennel Club. \"You'll have to\nfigure out ways to hold his attention.\" So while you can run together long\ndistances in certain weather, might be best to keep this free spirit on a\nleash.\n\n## 8 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Golden Retriever\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Frisbee, hiking, swimming, moderate jogging\n\nLike Labrador Retrievers, Golden Retrievers are eager to please and have the\nenergy to perform a variety of outdoor activities. Hiking, swimming, or\nmoderate jogging are all great for this pup. Plus, you won't have trouble\ngetting a Golden to listen to you. \"This dog is so intelligent it lends well\nto first time dog owners who don't have much experience with training,\"\nDiNardo says. The breed does have a double coat, so you'll need to watch out\nfor shedding and make sure your dog doesn't get overheated in the summer. But\nif you're looking for the kind of dog that will get your brain and body moving\nevery day, then this one is a no-brainer.\n\n## 9 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### English Springer Spaniel\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Frisbee, long walks, playing fetch, hunting, swimming\n\nEnglish Springer Spaniels were originally bred in the 1600s to detect, flush,\npoint, and retrieve birds in all kinds of weather conditions, and today,\nhunters still love them. The breed's boundless energy also makes these furry\nfriends excellent for long walks, games of chase or fetch, and even swimming.\n\"The breed can be very high-strung,\" DiNardo says. \"To keep them happy, you'll\nneed to put in a daily commitment of walking and exercising.\" Despite being a\npoised hunter, this spaniel still loves a good cuddle and is always up for\nspending time with family.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 10 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Weimaraner\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Long-distance running, hunting, swimming, playing catch\n\nKnown for their long legs and sleek grey coats, Weimaraners aren't just\ngorgeous. They're also fearless hunters and competitive in dog sports,\nespecially agility. \"Weimaraners were bred to retrieve large and small game\nlike wolves, deer, and birds, so they have all kinds of energy to work outside\nall day,\" DiNardo says. With the ability to reach great speeds and a short\ncoat to boot, Weimaraners are also ideal for long-distance runners looking for\na four-legged pal that can match their pace. But keep in mind this dog is not\nfor the average owner. These pups need to be physically and mentally active\nevery single day, or else they may make a mess of your house.\n\n## 11 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Beagle\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Long walks, light jogging, hunting\n\n\"Now here's a nice energetic smaller breed for long walks or light jogging,\"\nDiNardo says. This hound dog is a sturdy hunter. In the 1500s, Englishmen had\npacks of them to chase after rabbits (and they are still used for hunting).\nThough they may not fare well on long runs, the breed is so lively they'll\nneed a good amount of exercise to burn off steam. Just like Snoopy, Beagles\nare a curious and mischievous bunch. They're constantly following their nose,\nDiNardo says. That's why you should keep yours on a leash when venturing in\nunchartered territory—otherwise, your pup will run off to track a new scent.\nAt the end of the day, though, Beagles are great around kids and families\nbecause their pack mentality makes them suited to hang with anybody.\n\n## 12 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Dalmatian\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Long-distance running, hiking\n\nThese spotted beauties were once the premier dogs trained to protect horses as\nthey pulled stagecoaches. \"They were bred to go 20 miles at a time while\ntrotting,\" says Caroline Coile, PhD, best-selling author of Barron's\nEncyclopedia of Dog Breeds. Having a lean and muscular physique complements\ntheir active lifestyle. \"The straighter and more angled a dog's body is, the\nstronger and faster they are going to be,\" Coile says. Dals are the perfect\nmix of the two; the breed has powerful hind legs for long-distance running and\nhiking. Yet, they're still a fun-loving bunch and super social, so you can be\nsure Dalmatians will get along well with anybody.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 13 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Border Collie\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Frisbee, learning tricks, playing catch, trails\n\nDon't be worried if you get a weird look from this dog. That's just the Border\nCollie's intense \"herding eye,\" used to stalk cattle. You could say the Collie\nis a bit of a workaholic. Collies have a drive to work endlessly until the job\nis done. And it doesn't hurt they've got some brains to go with that brawn.\n\"It's uncanny how smart and responsive Border Collies can be. They are like\nthe Einsteins of the dog world,\" Coile says. Even though their build may not\nwork for long-distance running, these dogs are so full of energy, you'll never\nbe bored. Collies need to get moving every single day. They love obstacle\ncourses, so set up your own in your backyard for a great way to get both of\nyou burning calories.\n\n## 14 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Poodle\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Walks, swimming, light running, learning tricks\n\nWhen it comes to poodles, looks can be really deceiving. \"Everyone thinks\nthey're sissy dogs, but they really love to do it all,\" Coile says. \"Jump,\nswim, run, retrieve, you name it.\" They actually started out as duck hunters\nin Germany, so poodles aren't afraid to get dirty. In fact, poodle in German\nmeans \"to splash.\" Because they have retrieving instincts, they're also keen\nlisteners and eager to master any training. Though poodles need to be groomed\nevery six weeks, the trade-off is you're getting a dog that doesn't shed as\noften—poodles have a single coat of curly hair instead of a thick double-coat.\nBut if you're up for it, poodles can prove to be quite interactive companions.\nBonus: \"Since they come in standard, miniature, and toy sizes, you really\ncan't go wrong,\" Dr. Coile says.\n\n## 15 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### German Short Hair Pointer\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Hunting, light running, swimming, trails\n\nThis speckled brown pup is a versatile hunter. The Pointer can retrieve\nanything from quail to waterfowl, even deer. Like English Springer Spaniels,\nthey can also withstand long days working outside. \"If you take him into the\nfield, he's going to make big arches around you,\" Dr. Coile says. Because this\nbreed thrives on activity, they need an outlet to let out all that energy,\nwhether you run, swim, or get involved in doggie sports, like tracking or\nobedience. With a nice, even temper, the Pointer makes the perfect friend to\nhang out with when you're not getting a workout together. Just keep in mind\nyou may want to keep him on a leash, as this breed won't hesitate to beat you\nto the finish line.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 16 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Papillon\n\nGetty Images\n\nBest for: Learning tricks, sprinting, playing outdoors\n\nDon't judge a dog by his size. The Papillon stands about 8 to 11 inches, but\nstill proves to be a serious contender in some of the most competitive dog\nsports, including agility. \"The Papillon is perfect for someone who wants a\nsmall dog that can do everything a big dog can do,\" Dr. Coile says. Even\nthough they're part of the toy group, Papillons have sporting in their blood.\nWhile they may not be able to run long miles, they'll certainly keep you\nmoving on a walk or sprint around the yard. Alert and playful, Papillons love\nto get outdoors when they can and show off their smarts, so be ready to teach\nthis cutie some new tricks.\n\n## 17 of 18\n\nPin\n\n### Shelter pups\n\nGetty Images\n\nPurebreds aren't the only dogs that know a thing or two about being active.\nIt's also possible to find a furry fitness partner just waiting for a home at\nyour local shelter. While a dog mixed from active breeds like a Labradoodle\nmight prove to be a champ, sometimes that's not the best way to tell if a dog\nwill be super active. \"You can't predict which traits from the parents will be\ndominant in the puppy,\" DiNardo says. Even physical characteristics like\nstrong legs could fool you. \"A Mastiff-type dog in a shelter may appear\nphysically strong, but the breeds that make up the dog are not very active and\nrequire light to moderate exercise,\" DiNardo says. The best way to tell if a\nmixed breed will keep you moving: energy level. At the shelter, ask about the\ndog's exercise habits or find out what kind of action he saw at his previous\nhome. A mini playtime session at the shelter couldn't hurt either to see if\nthe pup will help you break a sweat.\n\nReplay gallery\n\n## Share the gallery\n\nPinterest Facebook\n\n## Up Next\n\n * By Rachel Swalin\n\n## Share the gallery\n\nPinterest Facebook\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Everything In This Slideshow\n\nAdvertisement\n\nHealth.com\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * All Recipes\n * All People Quilt\n * Coastal Living\n * Cooking Light\n * Diabetic Living\n * Eating Well\n * Eat This, Not That\n * Entertainment Weekly\n * Extra Crispy\n * Family Circle\n * Fitness Magazine\n * Fit Pregnancy\n * Food & Wine\n * Hello Giggles\n * Instyle\n * Kraft Recipes\n * Martha Stewart\n * Midwest Living\n * Martha Stewart Weddings\n * More\n * Myrecipes\n * Mywedding\n * Parents\n * Parenting\n * People\n * Rachael Ray Magazine\n * Real Simple\n * Shape\n * Ser Padres\n * Siempre Mujer\n * Southern Living\n * Traditional Home\n * Travel & Leisure\n\nHealth.com is part of the Meredith Health Group. All rights reserved. The\nmaterial in this site is intended to be of general informational use and is\nnot intended to constitute medical advice, probable diagnosis, or recommended\ntreatments. All products and services featured are selected by our editors.\nHealth.com may receive compensation for some links to products and services on\nthis website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. See the Terms of\nService and Privacy Policy (Your California Rights)for more information. Ad\nChoices | EU Data Subject Requests\n\n## View image\n\n15 Best Dog Breeds for Active People\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.backpacker.com:80/skills/beginner/the-manual-take-your-dog-hiking/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161217183654/http://www.backpacker.com:80/skills/beginner/the-manual-take-your-dog-hiking/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Beginner’s Guide to Hiking With Dogs",
"passages": [
"Make Fido's next trip doggie heaven with our tips on finding pooch-friendly trails, loading a dog pack, and treating injuries.",
"Look for places that are “easy on the paws,” advises Best Hikes with Dogs Inland Northwest author Craig Romano. Pick shady trails with soft, leaf- or needle-covered terrain; avoid paths littered with sharp rocks, off-trail routes with steep drops, or any surface that gets very hot. “Stay away from areas with heavy horse use and mountain bikes,” he adds. Search by state at hikewithyourdog.com.",
"Adjust the harness on your dog so it’s snug but won’t chafe (remove saddlebags first, if the pack allows). You should be able to fit two fingers under it. Load the bags with dog food, treats, water (some packs come with hydration bladders), bowls, and extra gear for you–this is the time for beer or another pillow! Make sure both sides are weighted equally; total load shouldn’t exceed one-third of your dog’s body weight.",
"Amy Devine, founder of the 300-member NOVA Trail Dogs Hiking Club in Alexandria, Virginia, keeps her pooches happy–and out of trouble–on overnight trips with these five rules:",
"Keep dogs leashed around other hikers, bikers, horses, and on steep or slippery terrain (so they don’t knock anyone over). Step aside and yield the trail to all others.",
"Pack out poop on dayhikes (double-bag it!). On longer trips, follow LNT regs and bury away from the trail and water sources.",
"Bring a camp towel and brush to clean and dry dogs thoroughly before letting them in the tent. Trim nails pretrip to prevent rips in the tent floor.",
"Food Start with your regular brand and portion size, advises Michelle Richardson, vet at the Alpine Animal Clinic in Helena, Montana–increasing the amount by up to 50 percent based on his fitness, typical exercise, and the hike’s difficulty. (Rule of thumb: one cup of food per 20 pounds of dog per day.) Give him a small serving about an hour before hiking for extra energy.",
"Water Use your own thirst as a guide and offer water when you stop to drink–every 15 to 30 minutes, depending on trail difficulty and temperature. And yes, dogs can get Giardia. In high-risk areas–lots of cattle or campers–limit drinking from lakes and streams with a leash, voice commands, and a ready supply of treated water.",
"Training Build up to longer trips (with both adult dogs and puppies) with a series of shorter hikes to toughen paw pads and develop stamina. Richardson advises waiting until your puppy has received all his shots (about five months) before taking him on the trail, and keeping hikes shorter than one hour to start.",
"First aid Pack bandages and an antiseptic (such as iodine) for wounds, a liquid bandage (such as 3M Pet Care Spray-On Liquid Bandage; $9, 3m.com) for split or cut paw pads, and tweezers for tick removal (check your dog each night).",
"Make your own dog booties Prevent paw-pad cuts and scrapes with this easy DIY project. You’ll need fabric (midweight nylon, fleece, denim) and 1-inch-wide Velcro strips.",
"Cut two rectangles of fabric. Width should be 1 inch wider than paw; length should be 5 to 8 inches, depending on size of dog.",
"Turn right-side-out. Sew 1.5 inches of Velcro to top of bootie, hook side up. Sew the rest loop side down, leaving enough extra Velcro to secure bootie around dog’s ankle.",
"[...] it comes to hiking with your dog, do not assume that any hiking trail will do. Backpacker.com suggests going on trails that are less stressful on the paws. It is recommended to go on trails [...]",
"[...] Protect the Paws: Keep in mind that you are wearing comfy walking shoes or hiking boots. Pick a pet-friendly path or protect delicate paws. You can find instructions on making your own pet booties here. [...]",
"[...] Backpacker’s Beginner’s Guide to Hiking With Dogs notes that before leaving the house, find an appropriate trail for your dog that is “easy on the paws.” Choose shaded, soft terrain paths over those with steep drops or rocks and keep in mind your dogs age and health. (Backpacker provides easy 4-step instructions to make your own dog booties.) [...]",
"[...] If you have a beloved pet, you might want to share a wonderful hiking experience with it. Hiking with a dog could be a lot of fun, if you are ready properly. [...]",
"[...] The Beginner’s Guide to Taking Your Dog Hiking (backpacker.com) tips on finding pooch-friendly trails, loading a dog pack, and treating injuries [...]",
"[...] dogs that are fit enough for hiking should be able to carry their own food and water. According to The Backpacker by Angele Sionna and Elisabeth Kwak-Hefferan, a good rule of thumb is one cup of food per 20 pounds [...]",
"[...] walking for both you and your dog, so it’s important to ease into hiking and not overdo it. Backpacker.com recommends that you find canine-friendly trails and follow the advice of Best Hikes with Dogs [...]",
"Have tried the dog booties on my last two dogs, but only got a few doggie dances in return. Tried to get them accustomed to them, but they rather run around on their bare paws.",
"[...] est rocailleux, ou votre chien a des pattes sensibles, envisagez d’acheter ses chaussures ou faire votre propre chien bottillons. N’oubliez pas d’emporter l’eau pour rester hydraté et ne pas laisser votre [...]",
"My emotional connection backpacking with my dog was strong, but the physical one was hurting. Many mass-market leashes have broke on me in the woodline. I got with a military gear manufacturer to fix my problem. I created leashes and collars against the elements. Made in Austin, TX. Visit the site: yeahbuddy.rocks",
"[...] that are fit enough for hiking should be able to carry their own food and water. According to The Backpacker by Angele Sionna and Elisabeth Kwak- Hefferan, a good rule of thumb is one cup of food per 20 [...]",
"[...] walking for both you and your dog, so it’s important to ease into hiking and not overdo it. Backpacker.com recommends that you find canine-friendly trails and follow the advice of Best Hikes with Dogs [...]",
"Sponsored: If you’re still looking for that perfect holiday gift, look no further. Check out these sweet options from our valued partners.",
"Choosing your location will enable us to select specific content to your area. Please choose one of the two options below:"
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Beginner's Guide to Hiking With Dogs - Backpacker\n\nAccess Special Backpacker.com Features, Register Now!\n\nBackpacker GearFinder Backpacker Magazine\n\nExisting Users! Please reset your password by clicking on \"Forgot your\npassword?\"\n\nForgot your password?\n\nCreate an account\n\nBackpacker GearFinder Backpacker Magazine\n\nExisting Users! Please reset your password by clicking on \"Forgot your\npassword?\"\n\nForgot your password?\n\nCreate an account\n\nYour Current Location:\n\n#### By Zip Code\n\n#### Let us locate you\n\nYour device may prompt you to enable location services. Choose enable to\ncontinue the search.\n\nFind My Location\n\nRemove Location Save Location\n\nHOME / Skills / Beginner Skills / The Beginner’s Guide to Hiking With Dogs\n\nBrought to you by\n\nJune 2009\n\n# The Beginner’s Guide to Hiking With Dogs\n\nMake Fido's next trip doggie heaven with our tips on finding pooch-friendly\ntrails, loading a dog pack, and treating injuries.\n\nby Angele Sionna & Elisabeth Kwak-Hefferan\n\nShare\n\nShare:\n\nShare:\n\nYour dog loves hiking as much as you do. Probably more, actually. (Photo by\nJon Roig/Flickr)\n\n### Find a trail appropriate for hiking with dogs\n\nLook for places that are “easy on the paws,” advises Best Hikes with Dogs\nInland Northwest author Craig Romano. Pick shady trails with soft, leaf- or\nneedle-covered terrain; avoid paths littered with sharp rocks, off-trail\nroutes with steep drops, or any surface that gets very hot. “Stay away from\nareas with heavy horse use and mountain bikes,” he adds. Search by state at\nhikewithyourdog.com.\n\n### Fit & load his pack\n\nAdjust the harness on your dog so it’s snug but won’t chafe (remove saddlebags\nfirst, if the pack allows). You should be able to fit two fingers under it.\nLoad the bags with dog food, treats, water (some packs come with hydration\nbladders), bowls, and extra gear for you–this is the time for beer or another\npillow! Make sure both sides are weighted equally; total load shouldn’t exceed\none-third of your dog’s body weight.\n\n### Camp with fido\n\nAmy Devine, founder of the 300-member NOVA Trail Dogs Hiking Club in\nAlexandria, Virginia, keeps her pooches happy–and out of trouble–on overnight\ntrips with these five rules:\n\n 1. Keep dogs leashed around other hikers, bikers, horses, and on steep or slippery terrain (so they don’t knock anyone over). Step aside and yield the trail to all others.\n 2. Pack out poop on dayhikes (double-bag it!). On longer trips, follow LNT regs and bury away from the trail and water sources.\n 3. Bring a camp towel and brush to clean and dry dogs thoroughly before letting them in the tent. Trim nails pretrip to prevent rips in the tent floor.\n 4. Pack a foam pad for sleeping, and a wool or down blanket in cold weather.\n 5. Keep track of dogs at night with LED lights or glowstick bracelets on collars.\n\n### Keep your pet healthy\n\nFood Start with your regular brand and portion size, advises Michelle\nRichardson, vet at the Alpine Animal Clinic in Helena, Montana–increasing the\namount by up to 50 percent based on his fitness, typical exercise, and the\nhike’s difficulty. (Rule of thumb: one cup of food per 20 pounds of dog per\nday.) Give him a small serving about an hour before hiking for extra energy.\n\nWater Use your own thirst as a guide and offer water when you stop to\ndrink–every 15 to 30 minutes, depending on trail difficulty and temperature.\nAnd yes, dogs can get Giardia. In high-risk areas–lots of cattle or\ncampers–limit drinking from lakes and streams with a leash, voice commands,\nand a ready supply of treated water.\n\nTraining Build up to longer trips (with both adult dogs and puppies) with a\nseries of shorter hikes to toughen paw pads and develop stamina. Richardson\nadvises waiting until your puppy has received all his shots (about five\nmonths) before taking him on the trail, and keeping hikes shorter than one\nhour to start.\n\nFirst aid Pack bandages and an antiseptic (such as iodine) for wounds, a\nliquid bandage (such as 3M Pet Care Spray-On Liquid Bandage; $9, 3m.com) for\nsplit or cut paw pads, and tweezers for tick removal (check your dog each\nnight).\n\nMake your own dog booties Prevent paw-pad cuts and scrapes with this easy DIY\nproject. You’ll need fabric (midweight nylon, fleece, denim) and 1-inch-wide\nVelcro strips.\n\n 1. Cut two rectangles of fabric. Width should be 1 inch wider than paw; length should be 5 to 8 inches, depending on size of dog.\n 2. Cut a strip of Velcro. Length should be the circumference of dog’s ankle plus 1.5 inches.\n 3. Sew rectangles together on three sides, leaving a.25-inch seam.\n 4. Turn right-side-out. Sew 1.5 inches of Velcro to top of bootie, hook side up. Sew the rest loop side down, leaving enough extra Velcro to secure bootie around dog’s ankle.\n\n * Tags:\n * Hiking With Dogs\n\nBeginner Skills\n\n### 15 Comments\n\n 1. #### Tips and Safety Precautions When Hiking With Dogs - Barkily\n\nNovember 8, 2016 at 4:03 am\n\n[...] it comes to hiking with your dog, do not assume that any hiking trail\nwill do. Backpacker.com suggests going on trails that are less stressful on\nthe paws. It is recommended to go on trails [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Tips\n\n 2. #### Hiking with a Dog - RV Picklers\n\nNovember 2, 2016 at 5:41 am\n\n[...] Protect the Paws: Keep in mind that you are wearing comfy walking shoes\nor hiking boots. Pick a pet-friendly path or protect delicate paws. You can\nfind instructions on making your own pet booties here. [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Hiking\n\n 3. #### Tails on the Trails: Tips for Hiking With Your Best Friend | Avid Trails\n\nJuly 29, 2016 at 2:00 pm\n\n[...] Backpacker’s Beginner’s Guide to Hiking With Dogs notes that before\nleaving the house, find an appropriate trail for your dog that is “easy on the\npaws.” Choose shaded, soft terrain paths over those with steep drops or rocks\nand keep in mind your dogs age and health. (Backpacker provides easy 4-step\ninstructions to make your own dog booties.) [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Tails\n\n 4. #### The Ultimate Hiking Guide | HileHighValley -\n\nJuly 7, 2016 at 12:22 pm\n\n[...] If you have a beloved pet, you might want to share a wonderful hiking\nexperience with it. Hiking with a dog could be a lot of fun, if you are ready\nproperly. [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to The\n\n 5. #### 5 Fun Ways to Exercise Your Dog | Outward Hound\n\nJune 23, 2016 at 11:47 am\n\n[...] 1. Take your dog for a hike [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to 5\n\n 6. #### 5 Tips for Hiking With Your Dog – The Devils Wear Collars\n\nMay 29, 2016 at 12:10 am\n\n[...] The Beginners Guide to Hiking With Your Dog [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to 5\n\n 7. #### Hiking with your dog - Live Love Dogs®\n\nMay 28, 2016 at 8:20 am\n\n[...] The Beginner’s Guide to Taking Your Dog Hiking (backpacker.com) tips on\nfinding pooch-friendly trails, loading a dog pack, and treating injuries [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Hiking\n\n 8. #### Hiking with your Dog | Hiking w/ Dogs\n\nMay 10, 2016 at 11:06 pm\n\n[...] BackPacker- Hiking with Dogs [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Hiking\n\n 9. #### Hiking Gear for Your Dog | The latest news from PetravelR.com\n\nOctober 20, 2015 at 6:37 pm\n\n[...] dogs that are fit enough for hiking should be able to carry their own\nfood and water. According to The Backpacker by Angele Sionna and Elisabeth\nKwak-Hefferan, a good rule of thumb is one cup of food per 20 pounds [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Hiking\n\n 10. #### Choosing a Trail to Hike with Your Dog | The latest news from PetravelR.com\n\nOctober 15, 2015 at 4:08 pm\n\n[...] walking for both you and your dog, so it’s important to ease into hiking\nand not overdo it. Backpacker.com recommends that you find canine-friendly\ntrails and follow the advice of Best Hikes with Dogs [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Choosing\n\n 11. #### petfriendlycargovanconversion-com\n\nApril 20, 2015 at 6:11 am\n\nHave tried the dog booties on my last two dogs, but only got a few doggie\ndances in return. Tried to get them accustomed to them, but they rather run\naround on their bare paws.\n\nI do like the freebie DIY project, but leave it to those who gets their pet\nwearing them.\n\nVan Williams CargoVanConversion.com\n\nLog in to Reply to petfriendly@cargovanconversion.com\n\n 12. #### Sentiers & de queues ! 4 choses à savoir avant la randonnée avec votre chien | Bon Chien\n\nFebruary 8, 2015 at 11:22 am\n\n[...] est rocailleux, ou votre chien a des pattes sensibles, envisagez\nd’acheter ses chaussures ou faire votre propre chien bottillons. N’oubliez pas\nd’emporter l’eau pour rester hydraté et ne pas laisser votre [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Sentiers\n\n 13. #### yeahbuddyrocks\n\nNovember 25, 2014 at 6:00 pm\n\nMy emotional connection backpacking with my dog was strong, but the physical\none was hurting. Many mass-market leashes have broke on me in the woodline. I\ngot with a military gear manufacturer to fix my problem. I created leashes and\ncollars against the elements. Made in Austin, TX. Visit the site:\nyeahbuddy.rocks\n\nLog in to Reply to yeahbuddyrocks\n\n 14. #### Hiking With Your Dog, Part 2 | The latest news from PetravelR.com\n\nOctober 7, 2014 at 7:45 am\n\n[...] that are fit enough for hiking should be able to carry their own food\nand water. According to The Backpacker by Angele Sionna and Elisabeth Kwak-\nHefferan, a good rule of thumb is one cup of food per 20 [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Hiking\n\n 15. #### Hiking With Your Dog, Part 1 | The latest news from PetravelR.com\n\nSeptember 30, 2014 at 5:58 pm\n\n[...] walking for both you and your dog, so it’s important to ease into hiking\nand not overdo it. Backpacker.com recommends that you find canine-friendly\ntrails and follow the advice of Best Hikes with Dogs [...]\n\nLog in to Reply to Hiking\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\n#### Skills\n\nBeginner Skills\n\n * Backpacking Food Basics\n * Bathroom Etiquette\n * Kids: How-to Guides\n * Packing\n * Pre-Trip Planning\n * Tent and Bivy Sack Basics\n * Wilderness Threats\n * Winter Camping\n\n * Cooking\n * First Aid\n * Fitness\n * Gear Checklists\n * Gear Repair\n * Identify\n * Knots\n * Multisport Skills\n * Nature\n * Navigation\n * Photo Skills\n * Ultralight\n\n#### Facebook\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 17, 2016 01:05\n\nNo matter how cold is gets, these pants will keep you toasty.\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 16, 2016 19:05\n\nNo: You can't figure out which way is north by looking at moss.\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 16, 2016 15:05\n\nWhen you're sleeping in the snow, your pad is as important as your sleeping\nbag.\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 16, 2016 01:05\n\nLindsey Fox didn't just hike the Pacific Crest Trail. She painted it, too.\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 15, 2016 23:05\n\nSponsored: If you’re still looking for that perfect holiday gift, look no\nfurther. Check out these sweet options from our valued partners.\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 15, 2016 19:49\n\nMaster layering, and you'll master the cold.\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 15, 2016 15:05\n\nIt's a long trip. But trust us: It's worth it.\n\nBackpacker Magazine December 15, 2016 01:05\n\nWe're dreaming of a Grand Canyon National Park Christmas.\n\nGearFinder\n\nor\n\nBrowse by: Backpacks Footwear Sleeping Bags Tents\n\nMore Award Winners\n\n##### Get 2 FREE Trial Issues and 3 FREE GIFTS!\n\nYes! Please send me my 2 FREE trial issues and my 3 FREE downloadable\nbooklets!\n\n2 FREE ISSUES\n\n3 FREE GIFTS! 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},
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"original_url": "https://www.trainpetdog.com/difficult-to-train-dogs.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200513183634/https://www.trainpetdog.com/difficult-to-train-dogs.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Training Stubborn & Difficult Dog Breeds",
"passages": [
"Difficult Dog Breeds need an experienced, consistent, and confident owner. These dog breeds are ‘no kennel’ dogs. If tied up in the yard or left alone without exercise and companionship, these dog breeds show destructive, nervous or even aggressive dog behavior.",
"Training Your Dog If you already own a stubborn dog and you want to learn more about how to quickly and easily train and take care of it, Subscribe to The FREE Dog Course. Get insider secrets on Housetraining, Obedience Training, Teaching Commands, Diet and How to control its bad behavior like Barking and Biting - delivered to your email Inbox for FREE.",
"Stubborn Dogs are most likely to be found in the hound and terrier groups but may also be found among the sporting dogs. Hardheaded dogs are difficult to train, especially if you do not have much experience in training dogs. They are unwilling to do something to please you the first time around. Their response is planted feet, talking back (yip or bark), growling, or barring their teeth.",
"Obedience becomes a dominance struggle between the two of you. Once you have given the command, you must make the dog obey the command or he has won. If he wins, getting him to obey the next time will be even harder. These dogs need persistence, insistence, consistence and patience in training.",
"Working with a stubborn dog will require you to use a shake can frequently. You can make a loud, yet easy-to-handle shake can with a soda pop can and 10-12 pennies. After inserting the pennies, tape the opening closed. You may have to keep one of these in every room you allow your dog. When the can is shaken, it must be done loudly and be accompanied by a loud and firm “NO.” When he quits what he is doing, praise him vigorously.",
"Using jerk and release will be very important for these dogs. When they just indicate they are about to do something other than what they are supposed to be doing, give them a quick jerk and release and say firmly “NO” then use a jerk and release along with the command for what they are supposed to be doing. Once the dog is corrected, praise him lavishly for complying.",
"Always use a firm and robust voice. Your words, tone of voice, and body language must be authoritative and never tentative, tired, distracted or questioning. Always look directly at the dog when correcting him and always look directly at him when praising him. Always praise him when he does the right thing.",
"It is difficult to categorize dog breeds into Stubborn Dog Breeds. Labrador and Golden Retrievers are typically friendly dogs, but, abuse and malhandling can turn a well-behaved Lab puppy into an aggressive, stubborn dog.",
"Again, BloodHounds are typically stubborn in nature. But, proper handling and consistent training can turn even an aggressive BloodHounds into an obedient pet.",
"Effectively Train Your Dog Does your dog bark too much? To get the help you need to train and care for your dog, Subscribe to the FREE Dog Course. Learn the Commands to Obedience train your dog and Control his bad habits like barking and biting. Get the secrets to Housetraining and Feeding your dog and much more when you have the course delivered to your email Inbox for FREE.",
"Most stubborn dog breeds are also averse to and may show some resistance in potty training. Successful potty training sessions require knowledge of how to deal with Difficult-to-Housebreak Dogs. Patients, Persistence and Consistency is the key to succesfully training these dog breeds.",
"All trademarks, trade names, service marks and logos referenced herein belong to their respective companies. The use of the trademarks, trade names, service marks or logos of other companies does not necessarily mean that those companies are associated with, or endorse, TrainPetDog.com"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Training Stubborn & Difficult Dog Breeds\n\n| | |\n\nX [Close]\n\nPlease select your 's age: Please select the topic that you are most\ninterested in learning more about:\n\nWould you like us to send you information specifically geared to your 's �\nissues?\n\nYes please...\n\nNo thanks...\n\nWould you like us to send you information specifically geared to puppies aged\nless than 1 year?\n\nYes please...\n\nNo thanks...\n\nWould you like us to send you information specifically geared to young or\nadult aged 1 year or more?\n\nYes please...\n\nNo thanks...\n\n|\n\nPRODUCTS \n \n--- \nFree Course on Dog \nAdopting \nPotty Training \nTraining \nGrooming \nHouse Training a Puppy \n--- \nDog Grooming \nBest Homemade Dog Recipes \nAdopt a Dog or Puppy \nStop Dog Barking \nDog Biting \nTraining Stubborn Dogs \nDogs Hard to Housebreak \nDogs for Children \nExercising Your Dog \nShedding in Dogs \nDog Breeds by Size \nPurebred Dogs \nAll Dog Breeds \nDog Breeds \nArticles on Dogs \nDog Blog \nDog Affiliate Program \n \nSelected Dog Breeds\n\nAkita Training American Bulldog Training American Staffordshire Terrier\nTraining Australian Shepherd Training Beagle Training Bernese Mountain Dog\nTraining Bichon Frise Training Blue Heeler Training Border Collie Training\nBoston Terrier Training Boxer Training Cairn Terrier Training Catahoula\nLeopard Dog Training Cavalier King Charles Spaniel Training Chesapeake Bay\nRetriever Training Chihuahua Training Cocker Spaniel Training Dachshund\nTraining Doberman Pinscher Training English Bulldog Training English Springer\nSpaniel Training German Shepherd Training German Shorthaired Pointer Training\nGolden Retriever Training Great Dane Training Havanese Training Italian\nGreyhound Training Jack Russell Terrier Training Labrador Retriever Training\nLhasa Apso Training Maltese Training Miniature Pinscher Training Miniature\nSchnauzer Training Olde English BullDogge Training Papillon Training Pembroke\nWelsh Corgi Training Pomeranian Training Poodle Training Pug Training Rat\nTerrier Training Rhodesian Ridgeback Training Rottweiler Training Saint\nBernard Training Shetland Sheepdog Training Shih Tzu Training Siberian Husky\nTraining Soft Coated Wheaten Terrier Training Toy Poodle Training Weimaraner\nTraining West Highland White Terrier Training Yorkshire Terrier Training \n \nContact Us \n \n#### Don't want our free course? Check out our premium training product: \n \n--- \n|\n\n#### Dog Lovers Training Course\n\nRegular Price: $97 Current Special Price: $37 \n \n--- \n|\n\nDog Facts & Information, Honest Review On Dog Breeds, All About Dog Training &\nCare \n \n--- \n \n# Training Difficult Dogs\n\nDifficult Dog Breeds need an experienced, consistent, and confident owner.\nThese dog breeds are ‘no kennel’ dogs. If tied up in the yard or left alone\nwithout exercise and companionship, these dog breeds show destructive, nervous\nor even aggressive dog behavior.\n\nTraining Your Dog If you already own a stubborn dog and you want to learn more\nabout how to quickly and easily train and take care of it, Subscribe to The\nFREE Dog Course. Get insider secrets on Housetraining, Obedience Training,\nTeaching Commands, Diet and How to control its bad behavior like Barking and\nBiting - delivered to your email Inbox for FREE.\n\nStubborn Dogs are most likely to be found in the hound and terrier groups but\nmay also be found among the sporting dogs. Hardheaded dogs are difficult to\ntrain, especially if you do not have much experience in training dogs. They\nare unwilling to do something to please you the first time around. Their\nresponse is planted feet, talking back (yip or bark), growling, or barring\ntheir teeth.\n\n#### Stubborn Dogs that are Difficult to Train \n \n--- \n \nAfghan Hound\n\nAiredale Terrier\n\nAkita\n\nAlaskan Malamute\n\nAlaskan Husky\n\nAmerican Pit Bull\n\nAmerican Staffordshire Terrier\n\nBelgian Shepherd\n\nBernese Mountain Dog\n\nBloodhound\n\nBorder Collie\n\nBorzoi\n\nBull Terrier\n\nChinese Shar-Pei\n\n|\n\nChow Chow\n\nDoberman\n\nGerman Shepherd\n\nGiant Schnauzer\n\nGreat Dane\n\nGreyhound\n\nIrish Wolfhound\n\nMastiff\n\nPit Bull\n\nRhodesian Ridgeback\n\nRottweiler\n\nSaluki\n\nSiberian Husky\n\nWeimaraner\n\nSetters \n \n---|--- \n \nObedience becomes a dominance struggle between the two of you. Once you have\ngiven the command, you must make the dog obey the command or he has won. If he\nwins, getting him to obey the next time will be even harder. These dogs need\npersistence, insistence, consistence and patience in training.\n\n * Working with a stubborn dog will require you to use a shake can frequently. You can make a loud, yet easy-to-handle shake can with a soda pop can and 10-12 pennies. After inserting the pennies, tape the opening closed. You may have to keep one of these in every room you allow your dog. When the can is shaken, it must be done loudly and be accompanied by a loud and firm “NO.” When he quits what he is doing, praise him vigorously.\n\n * Using jerk and release will be very important for these dogs. When they just indicate they are about to do something other than what they are supposed to be doing, give them a quick jerk and release and say firmly “NO” then use a jerk and release along with the command for what they are supposed to be doing. Once the dog is corrected, praise him lavishly for complying.\n\nAlways use a firm and robust voice. Your words, tone of voice, and body\nlanguage must be authoritative and never tentative, tired, distracted or\nquestioning. Always look directly at the dog when correcting him and always\nlook directly at him when praising him. Always praise him when he does the\nright thing.\n\nIt is difficult to categorize dog breeds into Stubborn Dog Breeds. Labrador\nand Golden Retrievers are typically friendly dogs, but, abuse and malhandling\ncan turn a well-behaved Lab puppy into an aggressive, stubborn dog.\n\nAgain, BloodHounds are typically stubborn in nature. But, proper handling and\nconsistent training can turn even an aggressive BloodHounds into an obedient\npet.\n\nEffectively Train Your Dog Does your dog bark too much? To get the help you\nneed to train and care for your dog, Subscribe to the FREE Dog Course. Learn\nthe Commands to Obedience train your dog and Control his bad habits like\nbarking and biting. Get the secrets to Housetraining and Feeding your dog and\nmuch more when you have the course delivered to your email Inbox for FREE.\n\nMost stubborn dog breeds are also averse to and may show some resistance in\npotty training. Successful potty training sessions require knowledge of how to\ndeal with Difficult-to-Housebreak Dogs. Patients, Persistence and Consistency\nis the key to succesfully training these dog breeds. \n \nPet Affiliate Program - Make Money from Your Website | Potty Training Your Dog\n| Dog Grooming | Best Homemade Dog Recipes | Adopt a Dog or Puppy | Stop Dog\nBarking | Dog Biting | Dog Products | Dog Exercising | Dog Health Dog Training\n- TrainPetDog.com Home Page | About Us | Privacy Policy | Terms Of Use |\nRefund Policy | Sitemap | Resources | Training Small Dog Breeds | Training\nMedium Dog Breeds | Training Large Dog Breeds | Our Tribute | Contact Us |\nTrainPetDog Reviews \n \n--- \n \nCopyright © 2007 - TrainPetDog.com. All rights reserved.\n\nAll trademarks, trade names, service marks and logos referenced herein belong\nto their respective companies. The use of the trademarks, trade names, service\nmarks or logos of other companies does not necessarily mean that those\ncompanies are associated with, or endorse, TrainPetDog.com\n\n"
}
] |
1,505,161 | How To Calculate the Perimeter of a Square | To calculate the perimeter of a square, multiply the length of one of the sides by 4. If you don't know the length of the square's sides but you know the square's area, start by finding the square root of the area, which is equal to the length of one side. Then, multiply the length of the side by 4 to find the perimeter. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200205131128/http://www.math.com:80/tables/geometry/areas.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200810030449/https://www.mathsisfun.com/definitions/perimeter.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200213184732/https://www.mathsisfun.com/pythagoras.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191118091534/http://www.mathopenref.com:80/squareinscribed.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200109095738/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/square"
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"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200205131128/http://www.math.com:80/tables/geometry/areas.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Area Formulas",
"passages": [
"regular polygon = (1/2) n sin(360°/n) S^2 when n = # of sides and S = length from center to a corner",
"Area is measured in \"square\" units. The area of a figure is the number of squares required to cover it completely, like tiles on a floor.",
"Area of a square = side times side. Since each side of a square is the same, it can simply be the length of one side squared.",
"If a square has one side of 4 inches, the area would be 4 inches times 4 inches, or 16 square inches. (Square inches can also be written in^2.)",
"Be sure to use the same units for all measurements. You cannot multiply feet times inches, it doesn't make a square measurement.",
"The area of a rectangle is the length on the side times the width. If the width is 4 inches and the length is 6 feet, what is the area?",
"CORRECT.... 4 inches is the same as 1/3 feet. Area is 1/3 feet times 6 feet = 2 square feet. (or 2 sq. ft., or 2 ft^2)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Area Formulas\n\nHome | Teacher | Parents | Glossary | About Us \n--- \n| Email this page to a friend \n--- \n| Resources \n--- \n· Cool Tools · Formulas & Tables · References · Test Preparation · Study Tips\n· Wonders of Math \nSearch \n| Area Formulas \n--- \n(Math | Geometry | Area Formulas) \n \n(pi = = 3.141592...)\n\n### Area Formulas\n\n### Note: \"ab\" means \"a\" multiplied by \"b\". \"a^2\" means \"a squared\", which is\nthe same as \"a\" times \"a\".\n\n### Be careful!! Units count. Use the same units for all measurements.\nExamples\n\nsquare = a^ 2\n\nrectangle = ab\n\nparallelogram = bh\n\ntrapezoid = h/2 (b_1 + b_2)\n\ncircle = pi r^ 2\n\nellipse = pi r_1 r_2\n\ntriangle =| one half times the base length times the height of the triangle \n---|--- \nequilateral triangle = \n--- \n \ntriangle given SAS (two sides and the opposite angle) = (1/2) a b sin C\n\ntriangle given a,b,c = [s(s-a)(s-b)(s-c)] when s = (a+b+c)/2 (Heron's formula)\n\nregular polygon = (1/2) n sin(360°/n) S^2 when n = # of sides and S = length\nfrom center to a corner\n\nUnits\n\nArea is measured in \"square\" units. The area of a figure is the number of\nsquares required to cover it completely, like tiles on a floor.\n\nArea of a square = side times side. Since each side of a square is the same,\nit can simply be the length of one side squared.\n\nIf a square has one side of 4 inches, the area would be 4 inches times 4\ninches, or 16 square inches. (Square inches can also be written in^2.)\n\nBe sure to use the same units for all measurements. You cannot multiply feet\ntimes inches, it doesn't make a square measurement.\n\nThe area of a rectangle is the length on the side times the width. If the\nwidth is 4 inches and the length is 6 feet, what is the area?\n\nNOT CORRECT .... 4 times 6 = 24\n\nCORRECT.... 4 inches is the same as 1/3 feet. Area is 1/3 feet times 6 feet =\n2 square feet. (or 2 sq. ft., or 2 ft^2). \n \nContact us | Advertising & Sponsorship | Partnership | Link to us\n\n© 2000-2005 Math.com. All rights reserved. Legal Notices. Please read our\nPrivacy Policy.\n\n"
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"parsed_text": {
"title": "Definition of Perimeter",
"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Definition of Perimeter\n\nShow Ads\n\nHide Ads About Ads\n\nABCDEFGHIJKLMNOPQRSTUVWXYZ\n\nDefinition of\n\n# Perimeter\n\nmore ...\n\nThe distance around a two-dimensional shape.\n\nExample: the perimeter of this rectangle is 3+7+3+7 = 20\n\nThe perimeter of a circle is called the circumference.\n\nPerimeter\n\nCopyright © 2018 MathsIsFun.com\n\n"
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"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200213184732/https://www.mathsisfun.com/pythagoras.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pythagoras Theorem",
"passages": [
"In a right angled triangle: the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two sides.",
"If we know the lengths of two sides of a right angled triangle, we can find the length of the third side. (But remember it only works on right angled triangles!)",
"It works the other way around, too: when the three sides of a triangle make a^2 + b^2 = c^2, then the triangle is right angled.",
"Arrange them so that you can prove that the big square has the same area as the two squares on the other sides",
"Here is one of the oldest proofs that the square on the long side has the same area as the other squares.",
"Historical Note: while we call it Pythagoras' Theorem, it was also known by Indian, Greek, Chinese and Babylonian mathematicians well before he lived !"
]
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"parsed_md": "Pythagoras Theorem\n\nShow Ads\n\nHide Ads About Ads\n\n# Pythagoras' Theorem\n\nPythagoras\n\nOver 2000 years ago there was an amazing discovery about triangles:\n\nWhen a triangle has a right angle (90°) ...\n\n... and squares are made on each of the three sides, ...\n\n... then the biggest square has the exact same area as the other two squares\nput together!\n\nIt is called \"Pythagoras' Theorem\" and can be written in one short equation:\n\na^2 + b^2 = c^2\n\nNote:\n\n * c is the longest side of the triangle\n * a and b are the other two sides\n\n## Definition\n\nThe longest side of the triangle is called the \"hypotenuse\", so the formal\ndefinition is:\n\nIn a right angled triangle: the square of the hypotenuse is equal to the sum\nof the squares of the other two sides.\n\n## Sure ... ?\n\nLet's see if it really works using an example.\n\n### Example: A \"3,4,5\" triangle has a right angle in it.\n\nLet's check if the areas are the same:\n\n3^2 + 4^2 = 5^2\n\nCalculating this becomes:\n\n9 + 16 = 25\n\nIt works ... like Magic! \n \n--- \n \n## Why Is This Useful?\n\nIf we know the lengths of two sides of a right angled triangle, we can find\nthe length of the third side. (But remember it only works on right angled\ntriangles!)\n\n## How Do I Use it?\n\nWrite it down as an equation:\n\na^2 + b^2 = c^2 \n--- \n \nThen we use algebra to find any missing value, as in these examples:\n\n### Example: Solve this triangle\n\nStart with:a^2 + b^2 = c^2\n\nPut in what we know:5^2 + 12^2 = c^2\n\nCalculate squares:25 + 144 = c^2\n\n25+144=169:169 = c^2\n\nSwap sides:c^2 = 169\n\nSquare root of both sides:c = √169\n\nCalculate:c = 13\n\nYou can also read about Squares and Square Roots to find out why √169 = 13\n\n### Example: Solve this triangle.\n\nStart with:a^2 + b^2 = c^2\n\nPut in what we know:9^2 + b^2 = 15^2\n\nCalculate squares:81 + b^2 = 225\n\nTake 81 from both sides: 81 − 81 + b^2 = 225 − 81\n\nCalculate: b^2 = 144\n\nSquare root of both sides:b = √144\n\nCalculate:b = 12\n\n### Example: What is the diagonal distance across a square of size 1?\n\nStart with:a^2 + b^2 = c^2\n\nPut in what we know:1^2 + 1^2 = c^2\n\nCalculate squares:1 + 1 = c^2\n\n1+1=2: 2 = c^2\n\nSwap sides: c^2 = 2\n\nSquare root of both sides:c = √2\n\nWhich is about:c = 1.4142...\n\nIt works the other way around, too: when the three sides of a triangle make\na^2 + b^2 = c^2, then the triangle is right angled.\n\n### Example: Does this triangle have a Right Angle?\n\nDoes a^2 + b^2 = c^2 ?\n\n * a^2 + b^2 = 10^2 + 24^2 = 100 + 576 = 676\n * c^2 = 26^2 = 676\n\nThey are equal, so ...\n\nYes, it does have a Right Angle!\n\n### Example: Does an 8, 15, 16 triangle have a Right Angle?\n\nDoes 8^2 + 15^2 = 16^2 ?\n\n * 8^2 + 15^2 = 64 + 225 = 289,\n * but 16^2 = 256\n\nSo, NO, it does not have a Right Angle\n\n### Example: Does this triangle have a Right Angle?\n\nDoes a^2 + b^2 = c^2 ?\n\nDoes (√3)^2 + (√5)^2 = (√8)^2 ?\n\nDoes 3 + 5 = 8 ?\n\nYes, it does!\n\nSo this is a right-angled triangle\n\n## And You Can Prove The Theorem Yourself !\n\nGet paper pen and scissors, then using the following animation as a guide:\n\n * Draw a right angled triangle on the paper, leaving plenty of space.\n * Draw a square along the hypotenuse (the longest side)\n * Draw the same sized square on the other side of the hypotenuse\n * Draw lines as shown on the animation, like this:\n * Cut out the shapes\n * Arrange them so that you can prove that the big square has the same area as the two squares on the other sides\n\n## Another, Amazingly Simple, Proof\n\nHere is one of the oldest proofs that the square on the long side has the same\narea as the other squares.\n\nWatch the animation, and pay attention when the triangles start sliding\naround.\n\nYou may want to watch the animation a few times to understand what is\nhappening.\n\nThe purple triangle is the important one.\n\nbecomes \n--- \n \nWe also have a proof by adding up the areas.\n\nHistorical Note: while we call it Pythagoras' Theorem, it was also known by\nIndian, Greek, Chinese and Babylonian mathematicians well before he lived ! \n--- \n \nActivity: Pythagoras' Theorem Activity: A Walk in the Desert\n\nRight Angled Triangles Pythagoras in 3D Triangles Proof that a Triangle has\n180° Pythagorean Triples Pythagorean Theorem Algebra Proof\n\nCopyright © 2017 MathsIsFun.com\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.mathopenref.com:80/squareinscribed.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191118091534/http://www.mathopenref.com:80/squareinscribed.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Square inscribed in a circle",
"passages": [
"Try this Drag the orange dot A. Note how the four vertices of the square always lie on the circle.",
"A square inscribed in a circle is one where all the four vertices lie on a common circle. Another way to say it is that the square is 'inscribed' in the circle. Here, inscribed means to 'draw inside'.",
"The diagonals of a square inscribed in a circle intersect at the center of the circle. To see this check the 'diagonals' box in the applet above. As with all squares, the diagonals bisect each other at right angles.",
"Another way to think of this is that every square has a circumcircle - a circle that passes through every vertex. In fact every regular polygon has a circumcircle, and so can be inscribed in that circle.",
"You can construct a square inscribed in a circle using compasses and a straightedge. For more see Constructing an inscribed square."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Square inscribed in a circle - Math Open Reference\n\nMath Open Reference\n\nSearch > \n \n--- \nHome Contact About Subject index Feedback \n \ndata-ad-format=\"horizontal\"> \n \n|\n\n# Square inscribed in a circle\n\nDefinition: A square where all four vertices lie on a common circle.\n\nTry this Drag the orange dot A. Note how the four vertices of the square\nalways lie on the circle.\n\nA square inscribed in a circle is one where all the four vertices lie on a\ncommon circle. Another way to say it is that the square is 'inscribed' in the\ncircle. Here, inscribed means to 'draw inside'.\n\n## Diagonals\n\nThe diagonals of a square inscribed in a circle intersect at the center of the\ncircle. To see this check the 'diagonals' box in the applet above. As with all\nsquares, the diagonals bisect each other at right angles.\n\n## Circumcircle\n\nAnother way to think of this is that every square has a circumcircle - a\ncircle that passes through every vertex. In fact every regular polygon has a\ncircumcircle, and so can be inscribed in that circle.\n\n## Construction\n\nYou can construct a square inscribed in a circle using compasses and a\nstraightedge. For more see Constructing an inscribed square.\n\n## Other polygon topics\n\n### General\n\n * Polygon general definition\n * Quadrilateral\n * Regular polygon\n * Irregular polygon\n * Convex polygons\n * Concave polygons\n * Polygon diagonals\n * Polygon triangles\n * Apothem of a regular polygon\n * Polygon center\n * Radius of a regular polygon\n * Incircle of a regular polygon\n * Incenter of a regular polygon\n * Circumcircle of a polygon\n * Parallelogram inscribed in a quadrilateral\n\n### Types of polygon\n\n * Square\n * Diagonals of a square\n * Rectangle\n * Diagonals of a rectangle\n * Golden rectangle\n * Parallelogram\n * Rhombus\n * Trapezoid\n * Trapezoid median\n * Trapezium\n * Kite\n * Inscribed (cyclic) quadrilateral\n * Inscribed quadrilateral interior angles\n * Inscribed quadrilateral area\n * Inscribed quadrilateral diagonals\n\n### Area of various polygon types\n\n * Regular polygon area\n * Irregular polygon area\n * Rhombus area\n * Kite area\n * Rectangle area\n * Area of a square\n * Trapezoid area\n * Parallelogram area\n\n### Perimeter of various polygon types\n\n * Perimeter of a polygon (regular and irregular)\n * Perimeter of a triangle\n * Perimeter of a rectangle\n * Perimeter of a square\n * Perimeter of a parallelogram\n * Perimeter of a rhombus\n * Perimeter of a trapezoid\n * Perimeter of a kite\n\n### Angles associated with polygons\n\n * Exterior angles of a polygon\n * Interior angles of a polygon\n * Relationship of interior/exterior angles\n * Polygon central angle\n\n### Named polygons\n\n * Tetragon, 4 sides\n * Pentagon, 5 sides\n * Hexagon, 6 sides\n * Heptagon, 7 sides\n * Octagon, 8 sides\n * Nonagon Enneagon, 9 sides\n * Decagon, 10 sides\n * Undecagon, 11 sides\n * Dodecagon, 12 sides\n\n(C) 2011 Copyright Math Open Reference. All rights reserved\n\n|\n\nAbout these ADVERTISEMENTS \n \n---|---\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/square",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200109095738/https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/square",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Definition of Square by Merriam-Webster",
"passages": [
"1 : an instrument having at least one right angle and two straight edges used especially to lay out or test right angles",
"b : having a shape that is broad for the height and rectangular rather than curving in outline square shoulders a square, thick, hard-working man— Maria Edgeworth",
"4a : being or converted to a unit of area equal in measure to a square each side of which measures one unit of a specified unit of length a square foot — see Metric System Table, Weights and Measures Table",
"6 : set at right angles with the mast and keel —used of the yards of a square- rigged ship",
"4 : to regulate or adjust by or to some standard or principle square our actions by the opinions of others— John Milton",
"Noun The fabric is decorated with circles and squares. Cut the brownies into squares. The board has red and black squares. Adjective The room has four square corners. received a square hearing from the disciplinary panel Verb The machine squares the wood into flat boards. If you square 3, you get 9.",
"Recent Examples on the Web: Noun Warm applause greeted his address, and the pope then blessed the thousands in the square, and the thousands more who packed the broad avenue that leads to the basilica. — Anna Momigliano, New York Times, \"Pope Francis, in Christmas Speech, Urges Nations to Tend to Refugees,\" 25 Dec. 2019 Cut each stack of cheese slices into 9 squares (like a tic tac toe board). — Katie Workman, NBC News, \"This hack transforms a tube of refrigerated dough into cheesy prosciutto stuffed biscuits,\" 24 Dec. 2019 Chabad organizations, like the one Kaltmann leads, were the first to bring Jewish celebrations of Hanukkah out of the home and into the public square, said Jonathan Sarna, an American Jewish history professor at Brandeis University in Massachusetts. — Danae King, Cincinnati.com, \"Hanukkah celebrations become larger, more elaborate in relation to Christmas,\" 23 Dec. 2019 By 1523, 52 houses were built, and the complex continued to expand with more homes, a town square, and a church. — Jennifer Billock, Smithsonian, \"After Almost 500 Years, the World’s Oldest Social Housing Complex Is Still Going Strong,\" 20 Dec. 2019 The set came with a politician-red tie and matching pocket square, along with burgundy leather dress shoes with glistening silver hardware. — Liana Satenstein, Vogue, \"The Weeknd Ushers In the Renaissance of Men in Ties,\" 12 Dec. 2019 The gunfire sparked a scare at the nearby city square, where a crowd was taking in the Lights of the Ozarks installation and heard the gunshots, the Northwest Arkansas Democrat-Gazette reported. — Fox News, \"Arkansas police officer 'executed' in fatal shooting outside department, chief says,\" 9 Dec. 2019 Shortly after noon, the San Francisco Santas began fanning out from the square, many heading toward Polk Street and Union Street and the Financial District and Fisherman’s Wharf and other venues where Santa likes to belly up. — Steve Rubenstein, SFChronicle.com, \"Thousands of Santas belly up on their big day in SF,\" 7 Dec. 2019 Then, before cutting into squares, wrap the brownies in plastic wrap and foil. — Jeanmarie Brownson, chicagotribune.com, \"Connecting with cookies: Marking a holiday tradition with cherry bars and peppermint mocha brownies,\" 6 Dec. 2019 Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective That application was unanimously approved on June 13, and shortly after, construction crews broke ground on the project, which, once completed, will have a footprint exceeding a half-million square feet. — Dale Ellis, Arkansas Online, \"Quapaw Nation's Arkansas casino finish still set for June,\" 27 Dec. 2019 All together, the condos have 12 bedrooms and more than 17,000 square feet. — Olivia Rockeman, Fortune, \"The 10 Most Expensive Home Sales of 2019,\" 26 Dec. 2019 The 75-year- old’s BPM Real Estate Group announced plans to build a 37-story downtown tower that will offer more than 1 million square feet and the city’s first five-star hotel. — oregonlive, \"Gordon Sondland, Nike drama and saying goodbye to Gert Boyle: 2019′s top Oregon business news,\" 26 Dec. 2019 Check out this sprawling 3,700 square-foot Anaheim home that’s just an eight-minute drive from Disneyland. — Isabel Garcia, House Beautiful, \"You Can Stay at Star Wars- Themed Rooms Near Disney Parks,\" 19 Dec. 2019 In June 2018, zoo officials told the Free Press the new center was going to cost $15 million and be more than 25,000 square feet. — Christina Hall, Detroit Free Press, \"Detroit Zoo's Great Lakes Nature Center getting bigger, more expensive; but no site yet,\" 19 Dec. 2019 That will mean a complex with more than 100,000 square feet across Jack Warner Parkway from the amphitheater on 10 acres of green space. — William Thornton | Wthornton@al.com, al, \"Plans for Tuscaloosa’s Saban Center announced,\" 13 Dec. 2019 Together, the two hot tub pools span more than 700 square feet, hold nearly 20,000 gallons of water and can accommodate up to 66 people. — Sarah Kuta, The Know, \"7 amazing Colorado hot tubs to warm you up this winter,\" 10 Dec. 2019 The two-story building will be 24,500 square feet and could expand up to 40,000 square feet. — Caroline Glenn, orlandosentinel.com, \"The Packing District: Here is what’s coming to Orlando’s newest neighborhood,\" 9 Dec. 2019 Recent Examples on the Web: Verb Milwaukee Journal Sentinel MILWAUKEE — Giannis Antetokounmpo caught a pass along the wing, saw that Anthony Davis was sinking far off him and the Greek Freak squared up from 28 feet. — Matt Velazquez, USA TODAY, \"Giannis Antetokounmpo unleashes 3-pointer to lead Bucks past Lakers in showdown of NBA's best,\" 20 Dec. 2019 Sunday, being defended by Michael Kidd-Gilchrist, Turner went at him by catching the ball in the mid-post area, turning to square up and shoot over the top. — J. Michael, Indianapolis Star, \"Insider: Pacers figuring out how to use Myles Turner on offense,\" 16 Dec. 2019 Instead of squaring up on defense after another wayward shot Friday night, Jamal Murray sought out Nikola Jokic and gave him a reassuring tap on the chest. — Mike Singer, The Denver Post, \"“Small victories”: Nikola Jokic busts slump with season-high 30 points in loss,\" 6 Dec. 2019 Smart clears out to allow Jayson Tatum to fight through a Richaun Holmes screen, but Tatum takes a tough angle and Hield squares up for an open look from the right arc that misses badly. 4. — BostonGlobe.com, \"Breaking down Buddy Hield’s record 11 3-pointers vs. the Celtics - The Boston Globe,\" 27 Nov. 2019 Prep square or round baking pan by spraying with nonstick spray. — Carrie Knauer, baltimoresun.com/maryland/carroll, \"Carrie’s Kitchen: Sweet (potato) recipe ideas to try this Thanksgiving,\" 4 Nov. 2019 Adams, a white woman, can be seen stepping toward and squaring up to the student, a black boy. — Olivia Krauth, The Courier-Journal, \"Teacher-student fight at Iroquois High leads to student arrest, questions on assaults,\" 29 Oct. 2019 Many American Protestants easily squared their Christian faith with these ideas. — William Trollinger, The Conversation, \"Fundamentalism turns 100, a landmark for the Christian Right,\" 8 Oct. 2019 What better storyline than Williamson squaring up against the dude who won this contest before the rookie was even born? — Los Angeles Times, \"Column: Five bold NBA predictions as training camps open,\" 28 Sep. 2019 Recent Examples on the Web: Adverb The center stone appeared to be square-cut gem surrounded by a halo of diamonds and set on a thin band. — Claudia Harmata, PEOPLE.com, \"Elizabeth Olsen Debuts Huge Emerald Engagement Ring During Outing with Fiancé Robbie Arnett,\" 5 Aug. 2019 The women introduced new aesthetic choices to note — such as the fact that nearly all of them wore square-cut, collarless jackets or brightly colored blazers, occasionally long enough to suggest a lab coat. — Kaitlyn Tiffany, Vox, \"Silicon Valley brings its “humanist,” “minimalist” aesthetic to Brooklyn.,\" 31 Oct. 2018 Sullen Place 3235, Ivory St. 6405, Riverside subdivision, lots 16, 17, square 249: Doris F. Alveris to Theresa F. Ross, donation, partial interest. — Kendra Parks, NOLA.com, \"New Orleans real estate transfers for April 28-May 4, 2018,\" 30 May 2018 The bling features both square-cut and pear-cut diamonds, coupled together on what appears to be one band. — Dave Quinn, PEOPLE.com, \"Emily Ratajkowski Finally Gets a Mega Two- Stone Engagement Ring - 4 Months After Her Wedding,\" 12 July 2018 Exercise isn't traditionally part of Chinese culture, barring some aunties square- dancing in the park and a few tai chi practitioners on the sidelines. — Nanlin Fang, CNN, \"Chinese women's newest accessory: six-pack abs,\" 29 May 2018 JEFFERSON Shrewsbury subdivision, lot 11, square 126: Walter J. Mcdowell to Christian A. Lombardo, $5,000. — Nola.com Digital Operations, NOLA.com, \"East Jefferson real estate transfers for Dec. 11-14, 2017,\" 29 Dec. 2017 Some 300 people gathered Sunday in the city's Plaza Mayor square, waving Spanish red and yellow flags and chanting slogans in favor of Spanish unity. — Bloomberg.com, \"The Latest on Catalonia's Independence Referendum,\" 2 Oct. 2017 In the first months of 2014, a mass protest in Kiev’s Maidan square forced Ukraine’s pro-Russian president, Victor Yanukovych, to leave office. — Seth J. Frantzman, National Review, \"Ukraine’s Army Needs Equipment from the U.S., Not All of It Weapons,\" 18 Aug. 2017",
"These example sentences are selected automatically from various online news sources to reflect current usage of the word 'square.' Views expressed in the examples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send us feedback.",
"Middle English, from Anglo-French esquarre, from Vulgar Latin *exquadra, from *exquadrare to square, from Latin ex- + quadrare to square — more at quadrate",
": a four-sided shape that is made up of four straight sides that are the same length and that has four right angles",
": shaped like a square : having four straight sides that are the same length and four right angles at each corner",
"2 : something formed with four equal or roughly equal sides and four right angles the squares of a checkerboard",
"5 : a tool having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges used to mark or test right angles a carpenter's square",
"2 : being a unit of area consisting of a figure with four right angles and four sides of a given length a square meter",
": in a direct, firm, or honest way She won fair and square. He looked me square in the eye.",
": being or converted to a unit of area equal in measure to a square each side of which measures one unit of a specified unit of length a square foot",
": fitting the factual or legal situation at bar we have been shown no square holding of a Florida court to that effect — Milhet Caterers, Inc. v. North Western Meat, Inc., 185 So. 2d 196 (1966)",
"What made you want to look up square? Please tell us where you read or heard it (including the quote, if possible).",
"Winter has returned along with cold weather. Wrap yourself in a blanket and challenge yourself with our 14-question quiz about words relating to winter."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Square | Definition of Square by Merriam-Webster\n\nSINCE 1828\n\nLogin or Register\n\nHello,\n\n * GAMES\n * BROWSE THESAURUS\n * WORD OF THE DAY\n * WORDS AT PLAY\n * SETTINGS\n\n * SAVED WORDS view recents\n\n# square\n\nnoun\n\nSave Word\n\nTo save this word, you'll need to log in.\n\nLog In\n\n\\ ˈskwer \\\n\n## Definition of square\n\n(Entry 1 of 4)\n\n1 : an instrument having at least one right angle and two straight edges used\nespecially to lay out or test right angles\n\n2 : a rectangle with all four sides equal\n\n3 : any of the quadrilateral spaces marked out on a board for playing games\n\n4 : the product of a number multiplied by itself\n\n5a : an open place or area formed at the meeting of two or more streets\n\nb : block sense 6a\n\n6 : a solid object or piece approximating a cube or having a square as its\nlargest face\n\n7 : an unopened cotton flower with its enclosing bracts\n\n8 : a person who is conventional or conservative in taste or way of life\n\n9 : a square meal ate three squares a day\n\non the square\n\n1 : at right angles\n\n2 : in a fair open manner : honestly\n\nout of square\n\n: not at an exact right angle\n\nsquare\n\nadjective\n\nsquarer; squarest\n\nDefinition of square (Entry 2 of 4)\n\n1a : having four equal sides and four right angles\n\nb : forming a right angle square corner\n\nc : having a square base a square pyramid\n\n2 : raised to the second power\n\n3a : being approximately a cube square cabinet\n\nb : having a shape that is broad for the height and rectangular rather than\ncurving in outline square shoulders a square, thick, hard-working man— Maria\nEdgeworth\n\nc : rectangular and equilateral in section square tower\n\n4a : being or converted to a unit of area equal in measure to a square each\nside of which measures one unit of a specified unit of length a square foot —\nsee Metric System Table, Weights and Measures Table\n\nb : being of a specified length in each of two equal dimensions 10 feet square\n\n5a : exactly adjusted : precisely constructed or aligned\n\nb : just, fair a square deal square in all his dealings\n\nc : leaving no balance : settled\n\nd : even, tied\n\ne : substantial, satisfying square meal\n\nf : being unsophisticated, conservative, or conventional\n\n6 : set at right angles with the mast and keel —used of the yards of a square-\nrigged ship\n\nsquare\n\nverb\n\nsquared; squaring\n\nDefinition of square (Entry 3 of 4)\n\ntransitive verb\n\n1a : to make square or rectangular square a building stone\n\nb : to test for deviation from a right angle, straight line, or plane surface\n\n2 : to bring approximately to a right angle squared his shoulders\n\n3a : to multiply (a number) by itself : raise to the second power\n\nb : to find a square equal in area to square a circle\n\n4 : to regulate or adjust by or to some standard or principle square our\nactions by the opinions of others— John Milton\n\n5a : balance, settle square an account\n\nb : to even the score of\n\n6 : to mark off into squares\n\n7a : to set right : bring into agreement squared their goals with their\nbeliefs\n\nb : bribe, fix\n\nintransitive verb\n\n1 : to agree precisely : correspond your actions should square with your words\n\n2 : to settle matters especially : to pay the bill\n\nsquare\n\nadverb\n\nDefinition of square (Entry 4 of 4)\n\n1 : in a straightforward or honest manner\n\n2a : so as to face or be face-to-face\n\nb : at right angles\n\n3 : with nothing intervening : directly ran square into it\n\n4 : in a firm manner looked her square in the eye\n\n5 : in a square shape\n\nOther Words from square Synonyms & Antonyms More Example Sentences Learn More\nabout square\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\n## Other Words from square\n\nAdjective\n\nsquareness noun\n\nVerb\n\nsquarer noun\n\n## Synonyms & Antonyms for square\n\nSynonyms: Adjective\n\n * foursquare,\n * quadrate\n\nSynonyms: Verb\n\n * accord,\n * agree,\n * answer,\n * check,\n * chord,\n * cohere,\n * coincide,\n * comport,\n * conform,\n * consist,\n * correspond,\n * dovetail,\n * fit,\n * go,\n * harmonize,\n * jibe,\n * rhyme\n * (also rime),\n * sort,\n * tally\n\nAntonyms: Verb\n\n * differ (from),\n * disagree (with)\n\nVisit the Thesaurus for More\n\n## Examples of square in a Sentence\n\nNoun The fabric is decorated with circles and squares. Cut the brownies into\nsquares. The board has red and black squares. Adjective The room has four\nsquare corners. received a square hearing from the disciplinary panel Verb The\nmachine squares the wood into flat boards. If you square 3, you get 9.\n\nSee More\n\nRecent Examples on the Web: Noun Warm applause greeted his address, and the\npope then blessed the thousands in the square, and the thousands more who\npacked the broad avenue that leads to the basilica. — Anna Momigliano, New\nYork Times, \"Pope Francis, in Christmas Speech, Urges Nations to Tend to\nRefugees,\" 25 Dec. 2019 Cut each stack of cheese slices into 9 squares (like a\ntic tac toe board). — Katie Workman, NBC News, \"This hack transforms a tube of\nrefrigerated dough into cheesy prosciutto stuffed biscuits,\" 24 Dec. 2019\nChabad organizations, like the one Kaltmann leads, were the first to bring\nJewish celebrations of Hanukkah out of the home and into the public square,\nsaid Jonathan Sarna, an American Jewish history professor at Brandeis\nUniversity in Massachusetts. — Danae King, Cincinnati.com, \"Hanukkah\ncelebrations become larger, more elaborate in relation to Christmas,\" 23 Dec.\n2019 By 1523, 52 houses were built, and the complex continued to expand with\nmore homes, a town square, and a church. — Jennifer Billock, Smithsonian,\n\"After Almost 500 Years, the World’s Oldest Social Housing Complex Is Still\nGoing Strong,\" 20 Dec. 2019 The set came with a politician-red tie and\nmatching pocket square, along with burgundy leather dress shoes with\nglistening silver hardware. — Liana Satenstein, Vogue, \"The Weeknd Ushers In\nthe Renaissance of Men in Ties,\" 12 Dec. 2019 The gunfire sparked a scare at\nthe nearby city square, where a crowd was taking in the Lights of the Ozarks\ninstallation and heard the gunshots, the Northwest Arkansas Democrat-Gazette\nreported. — Fox News, \"Arkansas police officer 'executed' in fatal shooting\noutside department, chief says,\" 9 Dec. 2019 Shortly after noon, the San\nFrancisco Santas began fanning out from the square, many heading toward Polk\nStreet and Union Street and the Financial District and Fisherman’s Wharf and\nother venues where Santa likes to belly up. — Steve Rubenstein,\nSFChronicle.com, \"Thousands of Santas belly up on their big day in SF,\" 7 Dec.\n2019 Then, before cutting into squares, wrap the brownies in plastic wrap and\nfoil. — Jeanmarie Brownson, chicagotribune.com, \"Connecting with cookies:\nMarking a holiday tradition with cherry bars and peppermint mocha brownies,\" 6\nDec. 2019 Recent Examples on the Web: Adjective That application was\nunanimously approved on June 13, and shortly after, construction crews broke\nground on the project, which, once completed, will have a footprint exceeding\na half-million square feet. — Dale Ellis, Arkansas Online, \"Quapaw Nation's\nArkansas casino finish still set for June,\" 27 Dec. 2019 All together, the\ncondos have 12 bedrooms and more than 17,000 square feet. — Olivia Rockeman,\nFortune, \"The 10 Most Expensive Home Sales of 2019,\" 26 Dec. 2019 The 75-year-\nold’s BPM Real Estate Group announced plans to build a 37-story downtown tower\nthat will offer more than 1 million square feet and the city’s first five-star\nhotel. — oregonlive, \"Gordon Sondland, Nike drama and saying goodbye to Gert\nBoyle: 2019′s top Oregon business news,\" 26 Dec. 2019 Check out this sprawling\n3,700 square-foot Anaheim home that’s just an eight-minute drive from\nDisneyland. — Isabel Garcia, House Beautiful, \"You Can Stay at Star Wars-\nThemed Rooms Near Disney Parks,\" 19 Dec. 2019 In June 2018, zoo officials told\nthe Free Press the new center was going to cost $15 million and be more than\n25,000 square feet. — Christina Hall, Detroit Free Press, \"Detroit Zoo's Great\nLakes Nature Center getting bigger, more expensive; but no site yet,\" 19 Dec.\n2019 That will mean a complex with more than 100,000 square feet across Jack\nWarner Parkway from the amphitheater on 10 acres of green space. — William\nThornton | Wthornton@al.com, al, \"Plans for Tuscaloosa’s Saban Center\nannounced,\" 13 Dec. 2019 Together, the two hot tub pools span more than 700\nsquare feet, hold nearly 20,000 gallons of water and can accommodate up to 66\npeople. — Sarah Kuta, The Know, \"7 amazing Colorado hot tubs to warm you up\nthis winter,\" 10 Dec. 2019 The two-story building will be 24,500 square feet\nand could expand up to 40,000 square feet. — Caroline Glenn,\norlandosentinel.com, \"The Packing District: Here is what’s coming to Orlando’s\nnewest neighborhood,\" 9 Dec. 2019 Recent Examples on the Web: Verb Milwaukee\nJournal Sentinel MILWAUKEE — Giannis Antetokounmpo caught a pass along the\nwing, saw that Anthony Davis was sinking far off him and the Greek Freak\nsquared up from 28 feet. — Matt Velazquez, USA TODAY, \"Giannis Antetokounmpo\nunleashes 3-pointer to lead Bucks past Lakers in showdown of NBA's best,\" 20\nDec. 2019 Sunday, being defended by Michael Kidd-Gilchrist, Turner went at him\nby catching the ball in the mid-post area, turning to square up and shoot over\nthe top. — J. Michael, Indianapolis Star, \"Insider: Pacers figuring out how to\nuse Myles Turner on offense,\" 16 Dec. 2019 Instead of squaring up on defense\nafter another wayward shot Friday night, Jamal Murray sought out Nikola Jokic\nand gave him a reassuring tap on the chest. — Mike Singer, The Denver Post,\n\"“Small victories”: Nikola Jokic busts slump with season-high 30 points in\nloss,\" 6 Dec. 2019 Smart clears out to allow Jayson Tatum to fight through a\nRichaun Holmes screen, but Tatum takes a tough angle and Hield squares up for\nan open look from the right arc that misses badly. 4. — BostonGlobe.com,\n\"Breaking down Buddy Hield’s record 11 3-pointers vs. the Celtics - The Boston\nGlobe,\" 27 Nov. 2019 Prep square or round baking pan by spraying with nonstick\nspray. — Carrie Knauer, baltimoresun.com/maryland/carroll, \"Carrie’s Kitchen:\nSweet (potato) recipe ideas to try this Thanksgiving,\" 4 Nov. 2019 Adams, a\nwhite woman, can be seen stepping toward and squaring up to the student, a\nblack boy. — Olivia Krauth, The Courier-Journal, \"Teacher-student fight at\nIroquois High leads to student arrest, questions on assaults,\" 29 Oct. 2019\nMany American Protestants easily squared their Christian faith with these\nideas. — William Trollinger, The Conversation, \"Fundamentalism turns 100, a\nlandmark for the Christian Right,\" 8 Oct. 2019 What better storyline than\nWilliamson squaring up against the dude who won this contest before the rookie\nwas even born? — Los Angeles Times, \"Column: Five bold NBA predictions as\ntraining camps open,\" 28 Sep. 2019 Recent Examples on the Web: Adverb The\ncenter stone appeared to be square-cut gem surrounded by a halo of diamonds\nand set on a thin band. — Claudia Harmata, PEOPLE.com, \"Elizabeth Olsen Debuts\nHuge Emerald Engagement Ring During Outing with Fiancé Robbie Arnett,\" 5 Aug.\n2019 The women introduced new aesthetic choices to note — such as the fact\nthat nearly all of them wore square-cut, collarless jackets or brightly\ncolored blazers, occasionally long enough to suggest a lab coat. — Kaitlyn\nTiffany, Vox, \"Silicon Valley brings its “humanist,” “minimalist” aesthetic to\nBrooklyn.,\" 31 Oct. 2018 Sullen Place 3235, Ivory St. 6405, Riverside\nsubdivision, lots 16, 17, square 249: Doris F. Alveris to Theresa F. Ross,\ndonation, partial interest. — Kendra Parks, NOLA.com, \"New Orleans real estate\ntransfers for April 28-May 4, 2018,\" 30 May 2018 The bling features both\nsquare-cut and pear-cut diamonds, coupled together on what appears to be one\nband. — Dave Quinn, PEOPLE.com, \"Emily Ratajkowski Finally Gets a Mega Two-\nStone Engagement Ring - 4 Months After Her Wedding,\" 12 July 2018 Exercise\nisn't traditionally part of Chinese culture, barring some aunties square-\ndancing in the park and a few tai chi practitioners on the sidelines. — Nanlin\nFang, CNN, \"Chinese women's newest accessory: six-pack abs,\" 29 May 2018\nJEFFERSON Shrewsbury subdivision, lot 11, square 126: Walter J. Mcdowell to\nChristian A. Lombardo, $5,000. — Nola.com Digital Operations, NOLA.com, \"East\nJefferson real estate transfers for Dec. 11-14, 2017,\" 29 Dec. 2017 Some 300\npeople gathered Sunday in the city's Plaza Mayor square, waving Spanish red\nand yellow flags and chanting slogans in favor of Spanish unity. —\nBloomberg.com, \"The Latest on Catalonia's Independence Referendum,\" 2 Oct.\n2017 In the first months of 2014, a mass protest in Kiev’s Maidan square\nforced Ukraine’s pro-Russian president, Victor Yanukovych, to leave office. —\nSeth J. Frantzman, National Review, \"Ukraine’s Army Needs Equipment from the\nU.S., Not All of It Weapons,\" 18 Aug. 2017\n\nThese example sentences are selected automatically from various online news\nsources to reflect current usage of the word 'square.' Views expressed in the\nexamples do not represent the opinion of Merriam-Webster or its editors. Send\nus feedback.\n\nSee More\n\n## First Known Use of square\n\nNoun\n\n13th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1\n\nAdjective\n\n14th century, in the meaning defined at sense 1a\n\nVerb\n\n14th century, in the meaning defined at transitive sense 1a\n\nAdverb\n\ncirca 1582, in the meaning defined at sense 1\n\n## History and Etymology for square\n\nNoun\n\nMiddle English, from Anglo-French esquarre, from Vulgar Latin *exquadra, from\n*exquadrare to square, from Latin ex- + quadrare to square — more at quadrate\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\n## Learn More about square\n\nShare square\n\nPost the Definition of square to Facebook Share the Definition of square on\nTwitter\n\nTime Traveler for square\n\n## The first known use of square was in the 13th century\n\nSee more words from the same century\n\nFrom the Editors at Merriam-Webster\n\nSome Words from the World of Jazz\n\n### Some Words from the World of Jazz\n\nCommon words with musical origins\n\n## Dictionary Entries near square\n\nsquanter-squash\n\nsquantum\n\nsquarable\n\nsquare\n\nsquare alphabet\n\nsquare and rabbet\n\nsquare away\n\nSee More Nearby Entries\n\n## Phrases Related to square\n\na square peg in a round hole\n\nfair and square\n\nfair/square deal\n\ngo back to square one\n\nset square\n\nsquare meal\n\nsquare one's shoulders\n\n## Statistics for square\n\nLast Updated\n\n29 Dec 2019\n\nLook-up Popularity\n\nCite this Entry\n\n“Square.” The Merriam-Webster.com Dictionary, Merriam-Webster Inc.,\nhttps://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/square. Accessed 9 January 2020.\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\nMore Definitions for square\n\nsquare\n\nnoun\n\n## English Language Learners Definition of square\n\n(Entry 1 of 4)\n\n: a four-sided shape that is made up of four straight sides that are the same\nlength and that has four right angles\n\n: any of the squares on a board for playing games (such as chess and checkers)\n\nmathematics : the number that results from multiplying a number by itself\n\nsquare\n\nadjective\n\nEnglish Language Learners Definition of square (Entry 2 of 4)\n\n: shaped like a square : having four straight sides that are the same length\nand four right angles at each corner\n\n: forming a right angle\n\n: shaped more like a right angle than a curve\n\nsquare\n\nverb\n\nEnglish Language Learners Definition of square (Entry 3 of 4)\n\n: to make (something) square : to give (something) straight edges, flat\nsurfaces, or sharp, even corners\n\nmathematics : to multiply (a number) by itself\n\n: to pay money that is owed for (something)\n\nsquare\n\nadverb\n\nEnglish Language Learners Definition of square (Entry 4 of 4)\n\n: in a direct way\n\nSee the full definition for square in the English Language Learners Dictionary\n\nsquare\n\nnoun\n\n\\ ˈskwer \\\n\n## Kids Definition of square\n\n(Entry 1 of 4)\n\n1 : a flat geometric figure that has four equal sides and four right angles\n\n2 : something formed with four equal or roughly equal sides and four right\nangles the squares of a checkerboard\n\n3 : the product of a number or amount multiplied by itself\n\n4 : an open place or area where two or more streets meet\n\n5 : a tool having at least one right angle and two or more straight edges used\nto mark or test right angles a carpenter's square\n\nsquare\n\nadjective\n\nsquarer; squarest\n\nKids Definition of square (Entry 2 of 4)\n\n1 : having four equal sides and four right angles a square room\n\n2 : being a unit of area consisting of a figure with four right angles and\nfour sides of a given length a square meter\n\n3 : having a specified length in each of two equal dimensions The room is ten\nfeet square.\n\n4 : having outlines that suggest sharp corners rather than curves a square jaw\n\n5 : forming a right angle a square corner\n\n6 : just entry 1 sense 4, fair a square deal\n\n7 : not owing anything : even I paid you back so we're square.\n\n8 : large enough to satisfy a square meal\n\nOther Words from square\n\nsquarely adverb\n\nsquare\n\nverb\n\nsquared; squaring\n\nKids Definition of square (Entry 3 of 4)\n\n1 : to form with right angles, straight edges, and flat surfaces I need to\nsquare off the boards.\n\n2 : to make straight I sat before the boss and squared my shoulders.\n\n3 : to multiply a number by itself\n\n4 : agree sense 4 Your story does not square with the facts.\n\n5 : settle entry 1 sense 11 Let's square our accounts.\n\nsquare\n\nadverb\n\nKids Definition of square (Entry 4 of 4)\n\n: in a direct, firm, or honest way She won fair and square. He looked me\nsquare in the eye.\n\nsquare\n\nadjective\n\n\\ ˈskwa(ə)r, ˈskwe(ə)r \\\n\n## Medical Definition of square\n\n: being or converted to a unit of area equal in measure to a square each side\nof which measures one unit of a specified unit of length a square foot\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\nsquare\n\nadjective\n\n## Legal Definition of square\n\n: fitting the factual or legal situation at bar we have been shown no square\nholding of a Florida court to that effect — Milhet Caterers, Inc. v. North\nWestern Meat, Inc., 185 So. 2d 196 (1966)\n\nOther Words from square\n\nsquarely adverb\n\nKeep scrolling for more\n\nMore from Merriam-Webster on square\n\nThesaurus: All synonyms and antonyms for square\n\nRhyming Dictionary: Words that rhyme with square\n\nSpanish Central: Translation of square\n\nNglish: Translation of square for Spanish Speakers\n\nBritannica English: Translation of square for Arabic Speakers\n\nBritannica.com: Encyclopedia article about square\n\nComments on square\n\nWhat made you want to look up square? Please tell us where you read or heard\nit (including the quote, if possible).\n\nShow Comments Hide Comments\n\n#### WORD OF THE DAY\n\n#### belated\n\ndelayed beyond the usual time\n\nGet Word of the Day daily email!\n\n#### Test Your Vocabulary\n\nLiar, Liar Quiz\n\n * Someone who pretends to be sick in order to avoid work is a:\n\n * port-hound malingerer\n * fabricationist Duke-of-the-nether-willies\n\nCan you spell these 10 commonly misspelled words?\n\nTAKE THE QUIZ\n\nTest Your Knowledge - and learn some interesting things along the way.\n\nTAKE THE QUIZ\n\nLove words? 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}
] |
3,895,609 | How To Lighten Dark Lips | If your lips are dark and you want to lighten them, try massaging them with almond oil every night to increase blood flow and help brighten them. Since lemon juice is known for its ability to lighten skin, rub a few drops of it on your lips before bed and then rinse it off in the morning with warm water. Alternatively, you can make your lips look lighter by exfoliating them twice a week using a sugar scrub or dry, soft-bristled toothbrush. Another scrub you can try is a pomegranate lip scrub made from 1 tablespoon of pomegranate seeds mixed with some milk, as the fruit can make your lips look pinker. Once you’ve created the paste, rub it onto your lips and then rinse it off after 2 to 3 minutes. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210226022915/https://oilhealthbenefits.com/almond-oil/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210508105722/https://www.rapidhomeremedies.com/lighten-dark-lips-naturally.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420205428/https://homeremedyshop.com/30-home-remedies-for-black-lips/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210426073921/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2007/dec/18/healthandwellbeing.health1",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210419111106/http://www.naturepurity.com/holistic/sheabutter.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170912181140/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/10/24/cocoa-butter_n_6031286.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211014215112/http://everydayroots.com/homemade-lip-exfoliator",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210505214654/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/beauty/home-remedies-to-lighten-dark-lips/articleshow/26684801.cms",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180910085802/http://www.thehealthsite.com:80/beauty/tips-to-get-rid-of-smokers-dark-lips-naturally/"
] | train | 1,861 | [
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"original_url": "https://oilhealthbenefits.com/almond-oil/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226022915/https://oilhealthbenefits.com/almond-oil/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Uses for Hair, Skin & Face, Health Benefits & Nutrion Facts",
"passages": [
"Almond oil is one of the best oils for hair and skin care. It has got lots of nutrients and beneficial properties which make it such a powerful cosmetic ingredient. the results obtained by using almond oil on skin can be comparable to that of many powerful skin care products, sans all the side effects. It can help one get rid of dark circles in weeks. Sweet almond oil is also safe to ingested internally. In fact, it is well reputed as a medicinal oil in the Unani system of Medicine.",
"Almond oil is extracted from almonds. There are many varieties of almonds, but they are generally classified into two classes. Bitter Almonds – These are almonds that are bitter to taste. They are hardly ever eaten, or used in recipes. Bitter almonds however are used to produce bitter almond oil. These almonds contain a small amount of hydrogen cyanide, which is extremely poisonous. Eating just a few of these almonds can lead to a vertigo, or even death. Sweet Almonds – These are the almonds that we are accustomed to eating. They are used to produce sweet almond oil. This oil too has a sweet taste, making almond oil one of the tastiest almond oils. Almond is actually a drupe, not a nut. It is native to the Mediterranean and Middle East. Presently, the largest producer of almonds is USA, most of which comes from the state of California. Spain too is known for its high quality almonds. Different varieties of almonds have slight differences in taste, and this subtle difference also reflects in the oil.",
"Let us look into the therapeutical properties of almond oil, both sweet and bitter almond oil. In general, the properties of sweet almond oil and bitter almond oil are similar for topical application. For internal use, only sweet almond oil is used, and there is no point in discussing the health benefits of bitter almond oil because it is hazardous when ingested. These are the therapeutic properties of Sweet Almond oil [1].",
"Immune Booster – Topical as well as internal application of sweet almond oil boosts immunity and provides robust protection from various diseases.",
"Anti-hepatotoxic – Almond oil is known to aid the liver in eliminating toxins. This is also performed by castor oil.",
"Laxative – promotes defecation and relieves constipation. This laxative action is mild as compared to stronger laxatives like castor oil.",
"Almond oil is a leader among oils for its cosmetic properties. It can be used for numerous problems of the skin, hair and particularly the face.",
"Moisturize the skin – Almond oil is an excellent emollient. It locks moisture inside the skin. So, apply it right after a shower for maximum benefits.",
"Treats dry and dull skin – Is you skin extremely dry ? Then sweet almond oil is the best oil for skin massage. It slowly heals dry skin condition. Within a few weeks of regular application, one can see lesser cracks in skin and lesser flaking.",
"Chapped lips no more – If you ever happen to suffer from chapped lips, use almond oil instead of the chap stick. You’ll love the results. The best thing about almond oil is that it tastes sweet, unlike the awful tasting olive oil and almost all other oils.",
"Get smooth, silky and glowing skin – Almond oil application helps one achieve really smooth skin. The skin becomes more elastic and uniform in texture. There is a mild glow to the skin as well.",
"Helps in psoriasis, eczema and other forms of dermatitis – Almond oil may not be able to treat these conditions, but it does help the skin heal faster and better.[1]",
"Removes makeup like a boss – Take a few drops of almond oil on a cotton ball and just wipe across your face. All the makeup adheres to the cotton ball. The skin feels really fresh. So, no more washing incessantly to remove makeup.",
"The Best Massage Oil – Almond oil is widely acclaimed and recognized as the most popular massage oil. It is most widely used by massage therapists. Almond oil has low viscosity ( it spreads easily ), it is thin and light. Small amount of almond oil spreads across a large surface on the skin. It doesn’t get absrobed quickly, so massage therapist need not reapply it.",
"On the face, almond oil can be massaged directly to smooth out wrinkles and reduce sagging skin. It is absolute best to treat dark eye circles. Just apply a few drops under the eyes and gently massage the under eye skin. Sleep with the oil still on. Next morning, you may find more than regular waste products exuding from the eye. Almond oil really boosts blood cirulation near the eyes and promotes eyes to cleane better. When done regularly, it can improve dark circles and reduce eye strain. Almond oil is a rejuvenator for the eyes.",
"Dandruff – In many people, dandruff is aggravated by dry scalp condition. In that case, almond oil really helps to curb the flakiness. Just apply a very small amount of almond oil directly onto the scalp. make sure to massage into the hair roots. Wash it after 30 minutes. Most of the dandruff should be gone within 3 treatments.",
"Dry scalp care – Almond oil can really provide moisturization to dry, parched scalps. If you do not apply a hair oil regularly, then your scalp may suffer from extreme dryness.",
"Get shiny hair – Applying a small amount of almond oil to hair shafts increases the gloss or shine of the hair. This works better if your hair is wet. Do not apply large amounts of almond oil because then your hair will be drenched in oil.",
"Detangle hair – Dabbing a few drops of almond oil detangles hair. So, one can comb easier. It also prevents hair loss due to tangled hair, which is completely unnecessary.",
"Hot Oil Treatment for Healthy Hair – Almond oil makes a good hot oil treatment. One can warm this oil and massage on the scalp. Cover the scalp with a shower cap. Leave it on for 2 – 3 hours, and then wash it off with cool water. This provides deep conditioning to hair, making them look soft and healthy. This treatment, done once a week can improve hair growth.",
"Do not use pure almond oil as regular hair oil. It is still dense enough to be avoided as hair oil. For a hair oil, one should choose very light oils.",
"Add 4 – 6 drops of sweet almond oil to your juice, smoothie or milk. Drink this late at night before sleep. This works to clean the bowels and perform a mild bowel cleanse. This remedy is also good for constipation. Pain relieving massage A massage with almond oil is used to relieve pain and stress caused by sore muscles. It can alleviate muscle cramps and pain in the chest as well. Health benefits of Sweet Almond Oil Besides these uses for skin, hair and the bowel, almond oil in diet can provide significant health benefits.",
"Consumption of pure sweet almond oil can reduce the risk of developing colon cancer. This effect has been established in this study. [1] There is no in depth details about this effect. But, one can assume that almond oil surely has some protective effect on the colon. One can assume that drinking olive oil can delay or even stop the conversion of benign colon polyps to cancerous ones.",
"The same study found out that almond oil heals post operative scars. There was very little hypertrophic scarring. This highlights the potential of almond oil usage to heal any kind of scars. This also applies to stretch marks. The real cause behind stretch marks is a tearing produced in the dermis. It creates a differential movement between the dermis and the epidermis, leaving the collagen no time to fill up the stretch. It heals slowly. Almond oil can boost this healing process and help the skin fill up the camber formed by stretching.",
"Almond oil has been extracted since ancient times. We know this since its usage is mentioned in many ancient and medieval books on medicine. Traditional Medicinal Uses Almond oil is frequently mentioned in the writings of famous herbalits throughout the ages. Here is their opinion on almond oil. In the absence of much quality modern scientific research on almond oil, these are our sources for dependable information on the health benefits of almond oil. John Gerard – The eclectic herbalist Gerard has mentioned about almond oil. He indicates that almond oil is great for relieving pain on the outside through a massage. It also relieves a colic. Discorides ( author of Materia Medica ) has mentioned some recipes for oitments made using almond oil. Culpeper mentions the application of almond oil for massaging the temples which is believed to improve brain function and relieve stress.",
"Almond oil is reputed for its nutritional quality. It is high in Vitamin E. 100 gm of Almond oil provides about 200 % the daily requirement ( RDI ) of Vitamin E. Rest all vitamins and minerals are in neglibgible amounts, except for small amounts of Vitamin K. What we are really interested in is the fat composition of Almond oil and the health benefits thereof. Almond oil contains the following macro composition within fats in 100 gm oil.",
"Nutrient| Percentage| Property ---|---|--- Palmitic Acid| 6.5 %| Saturated fat Stearic Acid| 1.8 %| Saturated fat Palmitoleic Acid| 0.6 %| MUFA Oleic Acid| 69.39 %| MUFA Linoleic Acid| 17.40 %| PUFA Alpha Linolenic Acid| 0.1 %| PUFA Arachidic Acid| traces| PUFA Eicosenoic Acid| traces| PUFA Behenic| traces| PUFA Erucic| traces| PUFA",
"Data taken from Nutritiondata.self.com The dominant fatty acid is Oleic Acid, which is Omega – 9 fatty acid. Linoleic acid is Omega – 6, so we have 17% omega 6 in almond oil. Omega – 3 is very low in almond oil. However there is one thing to note. Almond oil contains about 6 % Palmitic acid. This saturated fat is partly healthy, partly unhealthy. This fat has been found to prevent the body from releasing appetite suppressing signals. In other words, it prevents you from binging on delicious foods. This may be indirectly related to weight gain. Other important nutritional and chemical parameters of almond oil.",
"Nutrient| Percentage| Property ---|---|--- Density| 0.91 g/ml| Good for massage oil Storage temperature| 2 – 8 ° C| Ideal temperature to keep the oil good Comedogenicity| 2| Rated from 0 to 5",
"Almond Oil And Its Comedogenicity Almond oil is rates as comedogenicity 2 on a scale from 0 to 5. 0 refers to non-comedogenic and 5 refers to highly comedogenic. The term comedogenic is a tendency of a substance to clog skin pores. Almond oil should be avoided by people who are suffering from acne.",
"1. The uses and properties of almond oil. Ahmad Z. NCBI. 2. Almond Oil – Chemicalbook.com 3. Comedogenic Ratings – Beneficial Botanicals 4. Analysis of physicochemical property and composition of fatty acid of almond oil.Article in Chinese. Shi Z, Fu Q, Chen B, Xu S.NCBI",
"Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Cookie Policy",
"For education purposes only, consult a healthcare practitioner for health issues. Copyright © 2014-2020 OilHealthBenefits | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer/Content Policies | About | Contact Us Sitemap : A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y | Z"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Almond Oil - Uses for Hair, Skin & Face, Health Benefits & Nutrion Facts\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to secondary menu\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nOilHealthBenefits\n\nResearched Information on Oils\n\n# Almond Oil\n\nLast Updated May 4, 2014\n\nAlmond oil is one of the best oils for hair and skin care. It has got lots of\nnutrients and beneficial properties which make it such a powerful cosmetic\ningredient. the results obtained by using almond oil on skin can be comparable\nto that of many powerful skin care products, sans all the side effects. It can\nhelp one get rid of dark circles in weeks. Sweet almond oil is also safe to\ningested internally. In fact, it is well reputed as a medicinal oil in the\nUnani system of Medicine.\n\n## Source\n\nAlmond oil is extracted from almonds. There are many varieties of almonds, but\nthey are generally classified into two classes. Bitter Almonds – These are\nalmonds that are bitter to taste. They are hardly ever eaten, or used in\nrecipes. Bitter almonds however are used to produce bitter almond oil. These\nalmonds contain a small amount of hydrogen cyanide, which is extremely\npoisonous. Eating just a few of these almonds can lead to a vertigo, or even\ndeath. Sweet Almonds – These are the almonds that we are accustomed to eating.\nThey are used to produce sweet almond oil. This oil too has a sweet taste,\nmaking almond oil one of the tastiest almond oils. Almond is actually a drupe,\nnot a nut. It is native to the Mediterranean and Middle East. Presently, the\nlargest producer of almonds is USA, most of which comes from the state of\nCalifornia. Spain too is known for its high quality almonds. Different\nvarieties of almonds have slight differences in taste, and this subtle\ndifference also reflects in the oil.\n\nAlmond Oil (Image:Shutterstock)\n\n## Properties\n\nLet us look into the therapeutical properties of almond oil, both sweet and\nbitter almond oil. In general, the properties of sweet almond oil and bitter\nalmond oil are similar for topical application. For internal use, only sweet\nalmond oil is used, and there is no point in discussing the health benefits of\nbitter almond oil because it is hazardous when ingested. These are the\ntherapeutic properties of Sweet Almond oil [1].\n\n * Anti-Inflammatory – It reduces inflammation topically and also when ingested.\n * Anti-oxidant – Almond oil possesses mild antioxidant capacity.\n * Immune Booster – Topical as well as internal application of sweet almond oil boosts immunity and provides robust protection from various diseases.\n * Anti-hepatotoxic – Almond oil is known to aid the liver in eliminating toxins. This is also performed by castor oil.\n * Emollient – excellent moisturization property. It is used to eliminate excessively dry skin.\n * Sclerosant – Used to treat vascular issues like spider veins, hemorrhoids and varicose veins.\n * Laxative – promotes defecation and relieves constipation. This laxative action is mild as compared to stronger laxatives like castor oil.\n * Analgesic – almond oil is mild pain reliever\n * Muscle Relaxation – massage with almond oil soothes stressed and sore muscles.\n * Cicatrizant – helps wounds heal faster.\n * Anti-dandruff – it dissolves away dandruff from the scalp.\n\nThese beneficial properties of almond oil makes it so useful in many personal\nconditions. It provides several health benefits.\n\n## Uses and Health Benefits\n\nAlmond oil is a leader among oils for its cosmetic properties. It can be used\nfor numerous problems of the skin, hair and particularly the face.\n\n### Almond Oil for Skin\n\nAlmond oil can be used for the following skin conditions and also as a general\nnatural skin care ingredient.\n\n * Moisturize the skin – Almond oil is an excellent emollient. It locks moisture inside the skin. So, apply it right after a shower for maximum benefits.\n * Treats dry and dull skin – Is you skin extremely dry ? Then sweet almond oil is the best oil for skin massage. It slowly heals dry skin condition. Within a few weeks of regular application, one can see lesser cracks in skin and lesser flaking.\n * Chapped lips no more – If you ever happen to suffer from chapped lips, use almond oil instead of the chap stick. You’ll love the results. The best thing about almond oil is that it tastes sweet, unlike the awful tasting olive oil and almost all other oils.\n * Get smooth, silky and glowing skin – Almond oil application helps one achieve really smooth skin. The skin becomes more elastic and uniform in texture. There is a mild glow to the skin as well.\n * Helps in psoriasis, eczema and other forms of dermatitis – Almond oil may not be able to treat these conditions, but it does help the skin heal faster and better.[1]\n * Removes makeup like a boss – Take a few drops of almond oil on a cotton ball and just wipe across your face. All the makeup adheres to the cotton ball. The skin feels really fresh. So, no more washing incessantly to remove makeup.\n\nThe Best Massage Oil – Almond oil is widely acclaimed and recognized as the\nmost popular massage oil. It is most widely used by massage therapists. Almond\noil has low viscosity ( it spreads easily ), it is thin and light. Small\namount of almond oil spreads across a large surface on the skin. It doesn’t\nget absrobed quickly, so massage therapist need not reapply it.\n\n### Almond Oil For Face\n\nOn the face, almond oil can be massaged directly to smooth out wrinkles and\nreduce sagging skin. It is absolute best to treat dark eye circles. Just apply\na few drops under the eyes and gently massage the under eye skin. Sleep with\nthe oil still on. Next morning, you may find more than regular waste products\nexuding from the eye. Almond oil really boosts blood cirulation near the eyes\nand promotes eyes to cleane better. When done regularly, it can improve dark\ncircles and reduce eye strain. Almond oil is a rejuvenator for the eyes.\n\n### Almond Oil For Hair\n\nJust as almond oil is quite useful for the skin, it is excellent for hair\nhealth as well.\n\n * Dandruff – In many people, dandruff is aggravated by dry scalp condition. In that case, almond oil really helps to curb the flakiness. Just apply a very small amount of almond oil directly onto the scalp. make sure to massage into the hair roots. Wash it after 30 minutes. Most of the dandruff should be gone within 3 treatments.\n * Dry scalp care – Almond oil can really provide moisturization to dry, parched scalps. If you do not apply a hair oil regularly, then your scalp may suffer from extreme dryness.\n * Get shiny hair – Applying a small amount of almond oil to hair shafts increases the gloss or shine of the hair. This works better if your hair is wet. Do not apply large amounts of almond oil because then your hair will be drenched in oil.\n * Detangle hair – Dabbing a few drops of almond oil detangles hair. So, one can comb easier. It also prevents hair loss due to tangled hair, which is completely unnecessary.\n * No split ends – Small amount of almond oil applied to hair ends gets rid of split ends.\n * Hot Oil Treatment for Healthy Hair – Almond oil makes a good hot oil treatment. One can warm this oil and massage on the scalp. Cover the scalp with a shower cap. Leave it on for 2 – 3 hours, and then wash it off with cool water. This provides deep conditioning to hair, making them look soft and healthy. This treatment, done once a week can improve hair growth.\n\nDo not use pure almond oil as regular hair oil. It is still dense enough to be\navoided as hair oil. For a hair oil, one should choose very light oils.\n\n### Almond Oil For Colon Cleanse\n\nAdd 4 – 6 drops of sweet almond oil to your juice, smoothie or milk. Drink\nthis late at night before sleep. This works to clean the bowels and perform a\nmild bowel cleanse. This remedy is also good for constipation. Pain relieving\nmassage A massage with almond oil is used to relieve pain and stress caused by\nsore muscles. It can alleviate muscle cramps and pain in the chest as well.\nHealth benefits of Sweet Almond Oil Besides these uses for skin, hair and the\nbowel, almond oil in diet can provide significant health benefits.\n\n### Anti – Colon Cancer\n\nConsumption of pure sweet almond oil can reduce the risk of developing colon\ncancer. This effect has been established in this study. [1] There is no in\ndepth details about this effect. But, one can assume that almond oil surely\nhas some protective effect on the colon. One can assume that drinking olive\noil can delay or even stop the conversion of benign colon polyps to cancerous\nones.\n\n### Heal Scars And Stretch Marks\n\nThe same study found out that almond oil heals post operative scars. There was\nvery little hypertrophic scarring. This highlights the potential of almond oil\nusage to heal any kind of scars. This also applies to stretch marks. The real\ncause behind stretch marks is a tearing produced in the dermis. It creates a\ndifferential movement between the dermis and the epidermis, leaving the\ncollagen no time to fill up the stretch. It heals slowly. Almond oil can boost\nthis healing process and help the skin fill up the camber formed by\nstretching.\n\n## History\n\nAlmond oil has been extracted since ancient times. We know this since its\nusage is mentioned in many ancient and medieval books on medicine. Traditional\nMedicinal Uses Almond oil is frequently mentioned in the writings of famous\nherbalits throughout the ages. Here is their opinion on almond oil. In the\nabsence of much quality modern scientific research on almond oil, these are\nour sources for dependable information on the health benefits of almond oil.\nJohn Gerard – The eclectic herbalist Gerard has mentioned about almond oil. He\nindicates that almond oil is great for relieving pain on the outside through a\nmassage. It also relieves a colic. Discorides ( author of Materia Medica ) has\nmentioned some recipes for oitments made using almond oil. Culpeper mentions\nthe application of almond oil for massaging the temples which is believed to\nimprove brain function and relieve stress.\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\nAlmond oil is reputed for its nutritional quality. It is high in Vitamin E.\n100 gm of Almond oil provides about 200 % the daily requirement ( RDI ) of\nVitamin E. Rest all vitamins and minerals are in neglibgible amounts, except\nfor small amounts of Vitamin K. What we are really interested in is the fat\ncomposition of Almond oil and the health benefits thereof. Almond oil contains\nthe following macro composition within fats in 100 gm oil.\n\n * Saturated Fats – 6.2 gm\n * Monounsaturated fats – 69.9 gm\n * Polyunsaturated fats – 17.4 gm\n\nIn depth nutritional profile.\n\nNutrient| Percentage| Property \n---|---|--- \nPalmitic Acid| 6.5 %| Saturated fat \nStearic Acid| 1.8 %| Saturated fat \nPalmitoleic Acid| 0.6 %| MUFA \nOleic Acid| 69.39 %| MUFA \nLinoleic Acid| 17.40 %| PUFA \nAlpha Linolenic Acid| 0.1 %| PUFA \nArachidic Acid| traces| PUFA \nEicosenoic Acid| traces| PUFA \nBehenic| traces| PUFA \nErucic| traces| PUFA \n \nData taken from Nutritiondata.self.com The dominant fatty acid is Oleic Acid,\nwhich is Omega – 9 fatty acid. Linoleic acid is Omega – 6, so we have 17%\nomega 6 in almond oil. Omega – 3 is very low in almond oil. However there is\none thing to note. Almond oil contains about 6 % Palmitic acid. This saturated\nfat is partly healthy, partly unhealthy. This fat has been found to prevent\nthe body from releasing appetite suppressing signals. In other words, it\nprevents you from binging on delicious foods. This may be indirectly related\nto weight gain. Other important nutritional and chemical parameters of almond\noil.\n\nNutrient| Percentage| Property \n---|---|--- \nDensity| 0.91 g/ml| Good for massage oil \nStorage temperature| 2 – 8 ° C| Ideal temperature to keep the oil good \nComedogenicity| 2| Rated from 0 to 5 \n \nAlmond Oil And Its Comedogenicity Almond oil is rates as comedogenicity 2 on a\nscale from 0 to 5. 0 refers to non-comedogenic and 5 refers to highly\ncomedogenic. The term comedogenic is a tendency of a substance to clog skin\npores. Almond oil should be avoided by people who are suffering from acne.\n\n## References\n\n1\\. The uses and properties of almond oil. Ahmad Z. NCBI. 2. Almond Oil –\nChemicalbook.com 3. Comedogenic Ratings – Beneficial Botanicals 4. Analysis of\nphysicochemical property and composition of fatty acid of almond oil.Article\nin Chinese. Shi Z, Fu Q, Chen B, Xu S.NCBI\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window)\n * Click to print (Opens in new window)\n\n### Related Posts\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Follow Us\n\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n\n### Top Posts\n\n## Footer\n\nPrivacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website,\nyou agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies,\nsee here: Cookie Policy\n\nFor education purposes only, consult a healthcare practitioner for health\nissues. Copyright © 2014-2020 OilHealthBenefits | Privacy Policy |\nDisclaimer/Content Policies | About | Contact Us Sitemap : A | B | C | D | E |\nF | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | Q | R | S | T | U | V | W | X | Y\n| Z\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.rapidhomeremedies.com/lighten-dark-lips-naturally.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508105722/https://www.rapidhomeremedies.com/lighten-dark-lips-naturally.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Lighten Dark Lips Naturally",
"passages": [
"Rosy lips...Dimpled chin...Is that you? Remember the nursery rhyme? Can you still say, Yes! Yes! Yes! Or for rosy lips, you need to say No! No! No! And then blame it to your dark lips. Rosy lips may not be the ultimate beauty standard individually but socially it seems to be so. Why else then we have a nursery rhyme teaching kids the socially approved standards of beauty! If you don’t care about this social norm of having rosy lips and are happy with whatever you have even if it’s darkened lips, this article is not for you. You are already blissful. However, if this matters to you (and there’s nothing wrong in this too!) and you want to lighten your dark lips, here are some natural home remedies for dark lips.",
"Lemon is a natural skin lightening agent due to its bleaching properties. It is also rich in antioxidants and certain beneficial acids like citric acid and alpha-hydroxy acids. The later is also used in commercial skin care products. The juice from a fresh lemon contains enough acidic contents that can peel off the top layer of your skin safely. When you get a new skin, it will definitely be lighter, softer, smooth and pink! Not only this, lemon juice has mild exfoliating effects too. All these qualities of lemon make it our first choice for naturally lightening the dark lips.",
"Simply squeeze out the juice of a lemon and apply this on your lips every night before going to sleep. Don’t lose patience and continue the regime for a month or so, even longer for stubborn darker lips.",
"Get a thin slice of a lemon and some sugar. Sprinkle the sugar on the lemon slice and rub your lips with this. This will exfoliate as well as bleach your lips. Do this every day for few weeks to get results.",
"Mix half tsp each of lemon juice, glycerin and honey and apply this to your dark lips daily at night.",
"Mix lemon juice with almond oil and rub on your lips. While lemon will bleach and exfoliate, almond oil will moisturize your lips from within.",
"Mix 4 tbsp of lemon juice with 2 tbsp of honey. Massage your lips with this mixture daily for at least five minutes.",
"Almond is a powerhouse of nutrients. It is an excellent source of Vitamin E, B Vitamins, antioxidants and many other minerals. Almond oil too has many properties that go to make your skin light including lips. It has fatty acids, vitamins E, B2, B6, PP, minerals and phytosterols. All these components give almond oil the capability to even out skin complexion, prevent wrinkles and remove not only dark spots but also blemishes, rashes, scars and freckles. Vitamin E in almond oil also helps in protecting against ultraviolet damage. All this makes almond and almond oil an excellent natural remedy for dark lips. Also if you cannot apply lemon juice on your lips due to its acidic nature which may irritate or itch your skin, almond becomes your first choice for lightening your dark lips.",
"You may use ground almond (almond powder) or almond oil or both to lighten your dark lips. Here are some ways to do so.",
"Instead of milk, you can use milk cream for extra moisturization. Whip almond powder and fresh cream together. Apply this on your darkened lips daily to get rosy pink lips.",
"Rose is the epitome of beauty! And rose as well as ingredients derived from roses like rose water and rose oil can give you beautiful lips with a natural pink glow. It is for its excellent properties that rose has come to be used in innumerable beauty cosmetics and herbal medicines. Rosewater is an anti- inflammatory and can also soothe irritated skin. It also reduces the damage from sun exposure. It is also claimed that roses are high on antioxidants and thus can strengthen skin cells while regenerating skin tissue. Rose essential oil has extraordinary emollient properties and it can moisturize dry skin excellently. Dry lips, remind you, over time convert into dark black lips. Rose oil also help regenerate skin. It is astringent and anti-inflammatory and helps tone your skin excellently. All these properties of rose make it a good choice to try this for your dark lips.",
"You may use rose petals, rosewater or rose oil for lightening your dark lips. Here is how you may do so.",
"Take 1-2 tbsp of rose petals. Blend it with 1 tsp or more butter. Apply this to your lips, daily.",
"Crush some rose petals to get its paste, use water if needed. Take 1 tbsp of this rose petals to paste and mix it with 1 tsp each of butter, milk cream and honey. Apply on your dark lips and rub gently to scrub. Repeat this twice a week to exfoliate your lips.",
"Take 1⁄2 to 1 tsp of honey and mix a couple of rosewater drops with it. Apply this mixture to your dark lips 3-4 times a day.",
"Soak rose petals in milk for 1 hour. Now grind to make a paste. Add 1⁄2 tsp of honey and a pinch of saffron to this. Apply this paste on your lips and leave for 15-20 minutes. Then wash off. Repeat this twice a day.",
"To use rose oil on your lips, you need to make a lip balm which is also our next natural remedy for dark lips.",
"Chemical-laden lip balms too are one of the causes for your dark lips. So, why not go natural and make your own lip balm at home! This recipe for making lip balm uses all natural skin-friendly ingredients. These ingredients not only keep your lips moisturized but also get you rid of its darkness when you use it regularly.",
"Heat the beeswax in a double boiler until it melts. Use some tin or any other bowl that you do not wish to use later as beeswax will ruin the bowl.",
"Once the beeswax gets melt, add all the other ingredients to it- coconut and almond oils rose oil and rosewater.",
"If you smoke a lot, you may be having smoker’s lips which are not only dark but also has wrinkles in upper lips. For you, strawberries (and also other berries like raspberries) make a good home remedy. Loaded with minerals and antioxidants, strawberries can be called a superfood. One of its anti-oxidant, ellagic acids, prevents collagen destruction and thus prevents wrinkle formation. It also protects from damage done by UV sun rays, yet another cause of dark skin. Strawberry juice has skin lightening effects too as ellagic acid again reduces dark spots on the skin",
"Take 5-6 strawberries and crush them. Add 2 tsp of baking soda to this crushed strawberries pulp and mix well. Apply this on your lips at night and leave overnight. Repeat daily.",
"With the help of cotton ball, apply the strawberry juice on your dark lips. Leave for 5-10 minutes before washing off.",
"Sugar has been widely accepted as an excellent scrub which can even gently exfoliate lips. This is essential to drop off all those dead skin which may contribute to making your lips darker. Adding butter or some oil will moisturize your skin at the same time. Here’s how you can use a sugar scrub to get rid of dark lips.",
"Take some in your hand and with the help of your finger, gently scrub your lips with this. Don’t worry if some of this goes into your mouth. After all, it’ll be a delicious treat too!",
"Repeat this 2-3 times a week initially and once your lips gain their original color, do it once a week.",
"Fuller’s earth is one of the beauty secrets of ancient women from many countries. It not only whitens your skin but also gives it an unparalleled glow. Some of the credit goes to the absorbent quality of this clay type ingredient called fuller’s earth. This absorbent quality cleanses the skin and open pores. When the fuller’s earth is washed away, it also takes away dirt and toxic elements with it. For this reason, fuller’s earth also becomes a good home remedy for dark lips.",
"Take fuller’s earth which looks like dry powder. Add some honey to it to make a paste. Apply this to your dark lips. Leave for about 5-10 minutes and then wash off. Repeat 2 times a week.",
"Use rosewater with fuller’s earth to make a pack for your dark lips. Apply this to your lips and allow it to dry off. Then wash it off.",
"This is an Ayurvedic Remedy. Coriander seeds are an excellent source of antioxidants, fatty acids, essential volatile oils, minerals and vitamins. Cumin seeds too have a similar profile with antioxidants, minerals and flavonoids. Sometimes, deficiency of certain minerals or vitamins too can cause dark and dry, sometimes swollen lips. If you see black stains and swelling on your cracked lips and feel burning sensation, you should try this remedy.",
"This is yet another Ayurvedic remedy for dark lips that are swollen and cracked. If you have sores on lips, this remedy using turmeric and nutmeg will cure that too. Nutmeg is an exclusive spice that is used for its many antioxidants, minerals and vitamins. Turmeric is a known anti-inflammatory spice herb. This remedy also uses cow’s ghee or the clarified butter obtained from cow’s milk. This ghee is highly regarded in India for its nutritional and medicinal benefits. It is said that cow’s ghee contains the essence of all plant herbs and is a great natural healing agent.",
"Now bring the milk to a boil and then reduce heat and simmer for 10-15 minutes. The vapour coming out of the milk will be absorbed by the nutmeg pieces.",
"Now take 1⁄2 a tsp of this powder and mix it with sufficient cow’s ghee to make a smooth paste.",
"Apply this paste to your lips. It is especially beneficial for black stains on cracked and inflamed lips. With regular use, your lips will become pink and will glow naturally.",
"If you want to spare yourself from making the paste every time by adding ghee to it, make a lip balm using the same ingredients. A recipe is given in the next remedy.",
"This remedy for dark lips also uses nutmeg and turmeric with cow’s ghee but with a base of beeswax so that you can store it and use it every night.",
"Mustard oil is a rich source of omegAlpha3 and omegAlpha6 fatty acids, vitamin E and antioxidants. It is, thus, one of the best oils that can be called beneficial for human health and skin too. However, it is a very strong oil and thus before using it on your skin, conduct a patch test to see if you are allergic to it or not. If not, you are lucky enough because you’ll find this remedy to be the simplest of all remedies for dark lips.",
"Before you go to bed, take 1-2 drops of mustard oil and rub it into your belly button. That’s it. This is an age-old way of using this oil for cracked chapped and dark lips. Now don’t ask how is it going to help lips. You got all your nutrition from this belly button only since your conception in mother’s womb!",
"You can even mix mustard oil with coconut oil and rub on your lips for a couple of minutes. Then wipe it off with a wet cotton ball. This will lead to better blood circulation as well as be lightening your lip skin.",
"Pomegranate, the delicious fruit, is high on flavonoids, polyphenols, and antioxidants. Did you know, a glass of pomegranate juice contains much more antioxidants than red wine, green tea, blueberries, and cranberries! Such a rich nutrient-laden fruit can be helpful in eliminating dark lips too. The small molecular structure of this fruit is capable of penetrating deep into the skin and keep skin hydrated. Dryness is one of the causes of dark skin if you can recall. The punicic acid, an omega 3 fatty acid in pomegranate seals the moisture into the skin.",
"Take 1 tbsp of pomegranate seeds and crush them. Add some rosewater and milk cream to this to make a paste. Apply this on your lips. Wait for a couple of minutes and then gently rub the lips with it. This will have a scrubbing effect taking off all the dead skin with it. Now wash off with water. Repeat this daily.",
"Take equal amounts of pomegranate juice, beetroot juice and carrot juice. Mix them. With the help of a cotton ball, apply this mixed juice daily on your darkened lips.",
"Beet, the red vegetable, is high on antioxidants. It is also a rich source of folate which stimulates the production and repair of body cells, a property that can be used to get a new pink skin for your dark lips. Beet prevents macular degeneration with its vitamin A and carotenoids and also improves blood circulation.",
"Take some fresh beetroot juice and apply on your dark lips before going to bed every night. Wash it off next morning.",
"Take 1 tbsp each of beet juice and carrot juice. Mix them and apply on your lips. Leave for about 10-15 minutes and then wash off with water.",
"Mix beet juice with pineapple juice and some coconut oil. Rub your lips with this mixture. The bromelain present in pineapple will take off dead skin when you rub your lips with this mixture on it. Coconut oil will keep your lips hydrated.",
"Apply one or more of these home remedies for dark lips to find out which remedy suits you the most! The day is not far away when you’ll be proud of your rosy pink lips!",
"Thanks for sharing these great tips with us. Home remedies are best solution for all problems and results are also last longer."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Lighten Dark Lips Naturally\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to content\n\nRapid Home Remedies\n\nAlternative/Natural Home, Health & Beauty Remedies\n\n# How to Lighten Dark Lips Naturally\n\nMay 28, 2018 By Sara 6 Comments\n\nRosy lips...Dimpled chin...Is that you? Remember the nursery rhyme? Can you\nstill say, Yes! Yes! Yes! Or for rosy lips, you need to say No! No! No! And\nthen blame it to your dark lips. Rosy lips may not be the ultimate beauty\nstandard individually but socially it seems to be so. Why else then we have a\nnursery rhyme teaching kids the socially approved standards of beauty! If you\ndon’t care about this social norm of having rosy lips and are happy with\nwhatever you have even if it’s darkened lips, this article is not for you. You\nare already blissful. However, if this matters to you (and there’s nothing\nwrong in this too!) and you want to lighten your dark lips, here are some\nnatural home remedies for dark lips.\n\n## 13 Remedies to Lighten Dark Lips Naturally\n\n### 1\\. Use Lemon to Lighten Dark Lips\n\nLemon is a natural skin lightening agent due to its bleaching properties. It\nis also rich in antioxidants and certain beneficial acids like citric acid and\nalpha-hydroxy acids. The later is also used in commercial skin care products.\nThe juice from a fresh lemon contains enough acidic contents that can peel off\nthe top layer of your skin safely. When you get a new skin, it will definitely\nbe lighter, softer, smooth and pink! Not only this, lemon juice has mild\nexfoliating effects too. All these qualities of lemon make it our first choice\nfor naturally lightening the dark lips.\n\n#### How to Use Lemon for Dark Lips?\n\nThere are many ways for doing so.\n\n * Simply squeeze out the juice of a lemon and apply this on your lips every night before going to sleep. Don’t lose patience and continue the regime for a month or so, even longer for stubborn darker lips.\n * Get a thin slice of a lemon and some sugar. Sprinkle the sugar on the lemon slice and rub your lips with this. This will exfoliate as well as bleach your lips. Do this every day for few weeks to get results.\n * Mix half tsp each of lemon juice, glycerin and honey and apply this to your dark lips daily at night.\n * Mix lemon juice with almond oil and rub on your lips. While lemon will bleach and exfoliate, almond oil will moisturize your lips from within.\n * Mix 4 tbsp of lemon juice with 2 tbsp of honey. Massage your lips with this mixture daily for at least five minutes.\n\n### 2\\. Almond and Almond Oil for Dark Lips\n\nAlmond is a powerhouse of nutrients. It is an excellent source of Vitamin E, B\nVitamins, antioxidants and many other minerals. Almond oil too has many\nproperties that go to make your skin light including lips. It has fatty acids,\nvitamins E, B2, B6, PP, minerals and phytosterols. All these components give\nalmond oil the capability to even out skin complexion, prevent wrinkles and\nremove not only dark spots but also blemishes, rashes, scars and freckles.\nVitamin E in almond oil also helps in protecting against ultraviolet damage.\nAll this makes almond and almond oil an excellent natural remedy for dark\nlips. Also if you cannot apply lemon juice on your lips due to its acidic\nnature which may irritate or itch your skin, almond becomes your first choice\nfor lightening your dark lips.\n\n#### How to Use Almond for Dark Lips?\n\nYou may use ground almond (almond powder) or almond oil or both to lighten\nyour dark lips. Here are some ways to do so.\n\n * Mix powdered almond and milk to make a paste. Apply this to your lips daily.\n * Instead of milk, you can use milk cream for extra moisturization. Whip almond powder and fresh cream together. Apply this on your darkened lips daily to get rosy pink lips.\n * Take 1 tbsp honey and mix 5-6 drops of almond with it. Apply this to your dark lips.\n * Mix equal amounts of Castor oil and almond oil and massage your lips with this.\n * Mix almond oil with coconut oil and apply this to your lips daily at night before going to bed.\n * If nothing else, just apply simple almond oil to your lips and leave overnight.\n\n### 3\\. Rose Herbal Remedies for Dark Lips\n\nRose is the epitome of beauty! And rose as well as ingredients derived from\nroses like rose water and rose oil can give you beautiful lips with a natural\npink glow. It is for its excellent properties that rose has come to be used in\ninnumerable beauty cosmetics and herbal medicines. Rosewater is an anti-\ninflammatory and can also soothe irritated skin. It also reduces the damage\nfrom sun exposure. It is also claimed that roses are high on antioxidants and\nthus can strengthen skin cells while regenerating skin tissue. Rose essential\noil has extraordinary emollient properties and it can moisturize dry skin\nexcellently. Dry lips, remind you, over time convert into dark black lips.\nRose oil also help regenerate skin. It is astringent and anti-inflammatory and\nhelps tone your skin excellently. All these properties of rose make it a good\nchoice to try this for your dark lips.\n\n#### How to Use Rose for Dark Lips?\n\nYou may use rose petals, rosewater or rose oil for lightening your dark lips.\nHere is how you may do so.\n\n * Take 1-2 tbsp of rose petals. Blend it with 1 tsp or more butter. Apply this to your lips, daily.\n * Crush some rose petals to get its paste, use water if needed. Take 1 tbsp of this rose petals to paste and mix it with 1 tsp each of butter, milk cream and honey. Apply on your dark lips and rub gently to scrub. Repeat this twice a week to exfoliate your lips.\n * Take 1⁄2 to 1 tsp of honey and mix a couple of rosewater drops with it. Apply this mixture to your dark lips 3-4 times a day.\n * Soak rose petals in milk for 1 hour. Now grind to make a paste. Add 1⁄2 tsp of honey and a pinch of saffron to this. Apply this paste on your lips and leave for 15-20 minutes. Then wash off. Repeat this twice a day.\n * Crush rose petals and mix glycerin and Castor oil with it. Massage your dark lips with this mixture daily.\n * Mix rosewater with mint juice and apply this to your lips daily.\n\nTo use rose oil on your lips, you need to make a lip balm which is also our\nnext natural remedy for dark lips.\n\n### 4\\. Homemade Rose Lip Balm for Dark Lips\n\nChemical-laden lip balms too are one of the causes for your dark lips. So, why\nnot go natural and make your own lip balm at home! This recipe for making lip\nbalm uses all natural skin-friendly ingredients. These ingredients not only\nkeep your lips moisturized but also get you rid of its darkness when you use\nit regularly.\n\n#### How to Make Rose Lip Balm at Home?\n\nGet this:\n\n * Beeswax- 1.25 ounce (2 – 1⁄2 tbsp)\n * Coconut oil- 4 tbsp\n * Almond oil- 2 tbsp\n * Rose essential oil- 12-15 drops\n * Rosewater- 1 tbsp\n * A dropper\n * Chapstick molds or tubes/ small jar to store\n\nDo this:\n\n * Cut the beeswax in slices. You can even scrape it or grate it.\n * Heat the beeswax in a double boiler until it melts. Use some tin or any other bowl that you do not wish to use later as beeswax will ruin the bowl.\n * Once the beeswax gets melt, add all the other ingredients to it- coconut and almond oils rose oil and rosewater.\n * Using the dropper, pour the liquid balm into your chapstick mold or some jar.\n * Once the thing is set, it will actually look like some commercial creamy lip balm.\n * Apply this homemade lip balm to not only lighten your dark lips but also to keep them moisturized.\n\n### 5\\. Strawberries for Dark Lips\n\nIf you smoke a lot, you may be having smoker’s lips which are not only dark\nbut also has wrinkles in upper lips. For you, strawberries (and also other\nberries like raspberries) make a good home remedy. Loaded with minerals and\nantioxidants, strawberries can be called a superfood. One of its anti-oxidant,\nellagic acids, prevents collagen destruction and thus prevents wrinkle\nformation. It also protects from damage done by UV sun rays, yet another cause\nof dark skin. Strawberry juice has skin lightening effects too as ellagic acid\nagain reduces dark spots on the skin\n\n#### How to Use Strawberries for Dark Lips?\n\n * Take 5-6 strawberries and crush them. Add 2 tsp of baking soda to this crushed strawberries pulp and mix well. Apply this on your lips at night and leave overnight. Repeat daily.\n * With the help of cotton ball, apply the strawberry juice on your dark lips. Leave for 5-10 minutes before washing off.\n\n### 6\\. Sugar Scrub for Dark Lips\n\nSugar has been widely accepted as an excellent scrub which can even gently\nexfoliate lips. This is essential to drop off all those dead skin which may\ncontribute to making your lips darker. Adding butter or some oil will\nmoisturize your skin at the same time. Here’s how you can use a sugar scrub to\nget rid of dark lips.\n\n#### How to Make Sugar Scrub for Dark Lips?\n\nGet this:\n\n * Sugar- 3 tsp\n * Butter/ Olive oil- 2 tsp\n\nDo this:\n\n * Mix sugar and butter or olive oil.\n * Take some in your hand and with the help of your finger, gently scrub your lips with this. Don’t worry if some of this goes into your mouth. After all, it’ll be a delicious treat too!\n * Repeat this 2-3 times a week initially and once your lips gain their original color, do it once a week.\n\n### 7\\. Fuller’s Earth for Dark Lips\n\nFuller’s earth is one of the beauty secrets of ancient women from many\ncountries. It not only whitens your skin but also gives it an unparalleled\nglow. Some of the credit goes to the absorbent quality of this clay type\ningredient called fuller’s earth. This absorbent quality cleanses the skin and\nopen pores. When the fuller’s earth is washed away, it also takes away dirt\nand toxic elements with it. For this reason, fuller’s earth also becomes a\ngood home remedy for dark lips.\n\n#### How to Use Fuller’s Earth for Dark Lips?\n\n * Take fuller’s earth which looks like dry powder. Add some honey to it to make a paste. Apply this to your dark lips. Leave for about 5-10 minutes and then wash off. Repeat 2 times a week.\n * Use rosewater with fuller’s earth to make a pack for your dark lips. Apply this to your lips and allow it to dry off. Then wash it off.\n\n### 8\\. Coriander-Cumin Remedy for Dark Lips\n\nThis is an Ayurvedic Remedy. Coriander seeds are an excellent source of\nantioxidants, fatty acids, essential volatile oils, minerals and vitamins.\nCumin seeds too have a similar profile with antioxidants, minerals and\nflavonoids. Sometimes, deficiency of certain minerals or vitamins too can\ncause dark and dry, sometimes swollen lips. If you see black stains and\nswelling on your cracked lips and feel burning sensation, you should try this\nremedy.\n\nGet this:\n\n * Coriander seeds- 100 g\n * Cumin seeds- 100 g\n * Candy sugar- 100 g\n * Airtight container\n\nDo this:\n\n * Dry roast coriander seeds and cumin seeds separately.\n * Grind them to get their powder.\n * Grind the candy sugar if it is in the form of crystals. You need to have its powder.\n * Now mix all the three powders.\n * Store it in an airtight container.\n * Mix 1 tsp of this powder with I cup of water and have twice daily.\n\n### 9\\. Turmeric-Nutmeg Remedy for Dark Lips\n\nThis is yet another Ayurvedic remedy for dark lips that are swollen and\ncracked. If you have sores on lips, this remedy using turmeric and nutmeg will\ncure that too. Nutmeg is an exclusive spice that is used for its many\nantioxidants, minerals and vitamins. Turmeric is a known anti-inflammatory\nspice herb. This remedy also uses cow’s ghee or the clarified butter obtained\nfrom cow’s milk. This ghee is highly regarded in India for its nutritional and\nmedicinal benefits. It is said that cow’s ghee contains the essence of all\nplant herbs and is a great natural healing agent.\n\nGet this:\n\n * Nutmeg- 50 g\n * Dried turmeric root- 50 g\n * Cow’s ghee- enough to make a paste\n * Milk- 1 liter\n * Pot to heat the milk\n * A clean cloth big enough to tie around the pot’s mouth\n\nDo this:\n\n * You need to make nutmeg powder in a different manner and not just by grinding it.\n * For this, place the milk in a pot and tie its mouth with the cloth.\n * Make pieces of nutmeg and place them on the cloth tied over the pot.\n * Now bring the milk to a boil and then reduce heat and simmer for 10-15 minutes. The vapour coming out of the milk will be absorbed by the nutmeg pieces.\n * Now let the pieces of nutmeg dry off.\n * Once they get dried, make powder from these nutmeg pieces.\n * Grind the turmeric roots to get its powder.\n * Mix both, nutmeg powder and turmeric powder, and store in a bottle.\n * Now take 1⁄2 a tsp of this powder and mix it with sufficient cow’s ghee to make a smooth paste.\n * Apply this paste to your lips. It is especially beneficial for black stains on cracked and inflamed lips. With regular use, your lips will become pink and will glow naturally.\n\nIf you want to spare yourself from making the paste every time by adding ghee\nto it, make a lip balm using the same ingredients. A recipe is given in the\nnext remedy.\n\n### 10\\. Homemade Ayurvedic Lip Balm for Dark Lips\n\nThis remedy for dark lips also uses nutmeg and turmeric with cow’s ghee but\nwith a base of beeswax so that you can store it and use it every night.\n\nGet this:\n\n * Nutmeg powder- 10 g\n * Turmeric- 10 g\n * Cow’s ghee- 10 g\n * Beeswax- 20 g\n * Airtight storage container\n\nDo this:\n\n * Heat the beeswax using double boiler till it melts.\n * Add ghee to this and keep on heating them for 5-10 minutes.\n * Remove from the flame and add nutmeg and turmeric powder.\n * Mix well and store in an airtight container.\n * Apply this balm to your lips every night before going to bed.\n\n### 11\\. Mustard Oil for Dark Lips\n\nMustard oil is a rich source of omegAlpha3 and omegAlpha6 fatty acids, vitamin\nE and antioxidants. It is, thus, one of the best oils that can be called\nbeneficial for human health and skin too. However, it is a very strong oil and\nthus before using it on your skin, conduct a patch test to see if you are\nallergic to it or not. If not, you are lucky enough because you’ll find this\nremedy to be the simplest of all remedies for dark lips.\n\n#### How to Use Mustard Oil for Dark Cracked Lips?\n\n * Before you go to bed, take 1-2 drops of mustard oil and rub it into your belly button. That’s it. This is an age-old way of using this oil for cracked chapped and dark lips. Now don’t ask how is it going to help lips. You got all your nutrition from this belly button only since your conception in mother’s womb!\n * You can even mix mustard oil with coconut oil and rub on your lips for a couple of minutes. Then wipe it off with a wet cotton ball. This will lead to better blood circulation as well as be lightening your lip skin.\n\n### 12\\. Pomegranate for Dark Lips\n\nPomegranate, the delicious fruit, is high on flavonoids, polyphenols, and\nantioxidants. Did you know, a glass of pomegranate juice contains much more\nantioxidants than red wine, green tea, blueberries, and cranberries! Such a\nrich nutrient-laden fruit can be helpful in eliminating dark lips too. The\nsmall molecular structure of this fruit is capable of penetrating deep into\nthe skin and keep skin hydrated. Dryness is one of the causes of dark skin if\nyou can recall. The punicic acid, an omega 3 fatty acid in pomegranate seals\nthe moisture into the skin.\n\n#### How to Use Pomegranate to Lighten dark Lips?\n\n * Take 1 tbsp of pomegranate seeds and crush them. Add some rosewater and milk cream to this to make a paste. Apply this on your lips. Wait for a couple of minutes and then gently rub the lips with it. This will have a scrubbing effect taking off all the dead skin with it. Now wash off with water. Repeat this daily.\n * Take equal amounts of pomegranate juice, beetroot juice and carrot juice. Mix them. With the help of a cotton ball, apply this mixed juice daily on your darkened lips.\n\n### 13\\. Beet Juice for Lightening Dark Lips\n\nBeet, the red vegetable, is high on antioxidants. It is also a rich source of\nfolate which stimulates the production and repair of body cells, a property\nthat can be used to get a new pink skin for your dark lips. Beet prevents\nmacular degeneration with its vitamin A and carotenoids and also improves\nblood circulation.\n\n#### How to Use Beet Juice for Dark Lips?\n\n * Take some fresh beetroot juice and apply on your dark lips before going to bed every night. Wash it off next morning.\n * Take 1 tbsp each of beet juice and carrot juice. Mix them and apply on your lips. Leave for about 10-15 minutes and then wash off with water.\n * Mix beet juice with pineapple juice and some coconut oil. Rub your lips with this mixture. The bromelain present in pineapple will take off dead skin when you rub your lips with this mixture on it. Coconut oil will keep your lips hydrated.\n\nApply one or more of these home remedies for dark lips to find out which\nremedy suits you the most! The day is not far away when you’ll be proud of\nyour rosy pink lips!\n\nFiled Under: Home Remedies, Skin Care\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Ammu Anilashree says\n\nMay 12, 2014 at 3:37 pm\n\nSuperb...these tips make magic on dark lips\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 2. Dbone Loccoh says\n\nJune 11, 2014 at 11:35 am\n\nyeah\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 3. Emily Kristina says\n\nJune 25, 2014 at 5:46 am\n\nThanks for sharing these great tips with us. Home remedies are best solution\nfor all problems and results are also last longer.\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 4. Ishan Madushanka Liyanage says\n\nSeptember 22, 2014 at 5:56 pm\n\nIs that true ?what is best for darkened lips?\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 5. Linette El Bey says\n\nMarch 14, 2015 at 1:35 pm\n\nGteat Info\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n 6. Rapid Home Remedies says\n\nDecember 8, 2015 at 8:31 am\n\nGood to know 🙂\n\nLog in to Reply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\nCopyright © 2019 - Rapid Home Remedies\n\n"
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"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.",
"Who doesn’t want naturally beautiful, pink and luscious lips? It adds more charm to your face and makes your face even more pretty. If your lips have turned black because of tanning, home remedies can help you out in giving the beautiful and rosy pink lips, you ever wanted.",
"Take sugar and use it like a scrub. This will remove the darkness and dead skin from your lips and provide your lips a pink colour. Repeat this daily in order to get rid of black lips.",
"Apply 2-3 drops of beetroot juice and massage your lips. Beet root will make your lips pinker, giving them a luscious look.",
"Rub 1 or 2 drops of olive oil on your lips. This will reduce the darkness and moisturise your lips.",
"Yes! We all know that lemon juice is great for hair and even greater for skin. It is also beneficial in making your lips beautiful and pink. Apply 2-3 drops of lemon juice on your lips. Stretch your lips and massage gently. You will see that the darkness is removing itself and your lips will appear to be soft.",
"Take 2-3 drops of rose flower oil and apply it on the lips. Rose flower oil will give you pink coloured lips, naturally.",
"Take honey, raspberry and lemon juice in equal amount and mix them together. Apply this liquid balm on the lips and leave it. Honey and lemon will naturally remove the darkness from your lips and raspberry will give you the pink colour, you always wanted to have.",
"When you are done with your brush in the morning, brush your lips. Do it on a daily basis. This will work as a scrubber and remove the dead skin. Apply a good lip balm afterwards.",
"Mix coconut oil & almond oil in equal proportion. Fill it in a container and replace your lip balm with it. Apply regularly to get soft and pink lips.",
"Take a regular walnut or almond scrub and rub it on your lips to remove dead skin. Dead skin appears to be black. Scrub will remove the dead skin, retaining the softness and pinkness of your lips.",
"Take honey, sugar and almond oil and mix the ingredients. Apply this on your black lips and gently scrub. Almond oil will moisturise your lips, sugar will scrub the lips while honey will give your lips their natural colour.",
"Apply a few drops of tea tree oil on your lips and leave it. You can also utilize it as your regular lip balm. This will provide a natural colour to your lips.",
"Take some turmeric powder and mix honey in it. Apply this thick paste on your lips as a lip balm and leave it.",
"Mix a few strands of saffron in curd and leave it for 15-20 minutes. Apply this on your lips and gently massage.",
"Take pineapple and papaya pulp in equal amount and rub it onto your lips. Regular application will make your lips pink and soft.",
"Apply butter on your lips. It sounds weird, but it actually works. Applying butter on a regular basis will provide moisture and make your lips soft.",
"Mix castor oil, lemon juice & glycerine in equal amount and store it in a container. Apply this liquid lip balm on your lips. This will give you the desired pink lips.",
"Don’t throw away the orange peel; it can be very useful for your lips. Rub the orange peel on your lips and see the miracle.",
"Take 2-3 drops of glycerine and massage with it on your lips, with your fingers. This will remove the dark lips and restore your natural lip colour.",
"Before going to bed, rub some fresh coriander leaves on your lips and leave it overnight. In the morning, notice the difference.",
"Before sleeping, put 1-2 drops of mustard oil in your naval. Do this every day to get pink and seductive lips.",
"Take 1⁄2 tablespoon of tomato pulp and 1⁄2 tablespoon of heavy cream and blend them together. Rub this paste onto your lips. This will make your lips rosy pink.",
"Cucumber can give you the lips, you always wished for. Apply the juice of cucumber on your lips and keep it as long as you can. Repeat this remedy for 15-20 days and see the difference.",
"Crush a few fresh rose petals in milk and blend it to prepare a fine paste. Use this paste on your lips and leave it. Re-apply it till you see the effect. Milk will reduce the dark colour and rose petals will make your lips rosy and gorgeous.",
"It is very essential to keep your lips hydrated in order to prevent chapped and black lips. Therefore, rub ice cubes on your lips. Rubbing ice cubes will hydrate your lips.",
"Take 1 spoon of petroleum jelly and 1 tablespoon of strawberry juice and make a fine pink coloured jelly. Put it in a container and apply on a daily basis.",
"Take 1 tablespoon of pomegranate seeds and blend it in a blender along with 1-2 tablespoons of milk. Its consistency should be like a scrub. Now, rub this paste on your lips to remove black and dead skin from your lips. Massage with this scrub on a daily basis.",
"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. We all adore the ever...",
"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. Although ants are...",
"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. People who menstruate...",
"As a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, this site may earn from qualifying purchases. We may also earn commissions on purchases from other retail websites.",
"Home Remedies team is operated by a fantastic group of like minded individuals interested in how to improve healthy living through natural and herbal cures.",
"HomeRemedyShop.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com."
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"parsed_md": "30 Home Remedies for Black Lips - Home Remedies\n\n# 30 Home Remedies for Black Lips\n\nAlice Maria Fuentes\n\n3 min read\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nWho doesn’t want naturally beautiful, pink and luscious lips? It adds more\ncharm to your face and makes your face even more pretty. If your lips have\nturned black because of tanning, home remedies can help you out in giving the\nbeautiful and rosy pink lips, you ever wanted.\n\n1\\. Sugar Scrub\n\nTake sugar and use it like a scrub. This will remove the darkness and dead\nskin from your lips and provide your lips a pink colour. Repeat this daily in\norder to get rid of black lips.\n\n2\\. Beet Root Juice\n\nApply 2-3 drops of beetroot juice and massage your lips. Beet root will make\nyour lips pinker, giving them a luscious look.\n\n3\\. Olive Oil\n\nRub 1 or 2 drops of olive oil on your lips. This will reduce the darkness and\nmoisturise your lips.\n\n4\\. Lemon Juice\n\nYes! We all know that lemon juice is great for hair and even greater for skin.\nIt is also beneficial in making your lips beautiful and pink. Apply 2-3 drops\nof lemon juice on your lips. Stretch your lips and massage gently. You will\nsee that the darkness is removing itself and your lips will appear to be soft.\n\n5\\. Rose Flower\n\nTake 2-3 drops of rose flower oil and apply it on the lips. Rose flower oil\nwill give you pink coloured lips, naturally.\n\n6\\. Honey & Raspberry\n\nTake honey, raspberry and lemon juice in equal amount and mix them together.\nApply this liquid balm on the lips and leave it. Honey and lemon will\nnaturally remove the darkness from your lips and raspberry will give you the\npink colour, you always wanted to have.\n\n7\\. Brush Your Lips\n\nWhen you are done with your brush in the morning, brush your lips. Do it on a\ndaily basis. This will work as a scrubber and remove the dead skin. Apply a\ngood lip balm afterwards.\n\n8\\. Coconut Oil & Almond Oil\n\nMix coconut oil & almond oil in equal proportion. Fill it in a container and\nreplace your lip balm with it. Apply regularly to get soft and pink lips.\n\n9\\. Petroleum Jelly\n\nYeah! It’s an old trick but still works great. Apply petroleum jelly to make\nyour lips softer and beautiful.\n\n10\\. Scrub\n\nTake a regular walnut or almond scrub and rub it on your lips to remove dead\nskin. Dead skin appears to be black. Scrub will remove the dead skin,\nretaining the softness and pinkness of your lips.\n\n11\\. Almond & Sugar\n\nTake honey, sugar and almond oil and mix the ingredients. Apply this on your\nblack lips and gently scrub. Almond oil will moisturise your lips, sugar will\nscrub the lips while honey will give your lips their natural colour.\n\n12\\. Tea Tree Oil\n\nApply a few drops of tea tree oil on your lips and leave it. You can also\nutilize it as your regular lip balm. This will provide a natural colour to\nyour lips.\n\n13\\. Turmeric Powder\n\nTake some turmeric powder and mix honey in it. Apply this thick paste on your\nlips as a lip balm and leave it.\n\n14\\. Saffron & Curd\n\nMix a few strands of saffron in curd and leave it for 15-20 minutes. Apply\nthis on your lips and gently massage.\n\n15\\. Pineapple & Papaya\n\nTake pineapple and papaya pulp in equal amount and rub it onto your lips.\nRegular application will make your lips pink and soft.\n\n16\\. Butter\n\nApply butter on your lips. It sounds weird, but it actually works. Applying\nbutter on a regular basis will provide moisture and make your lips soft.\n\n17\\. Castor Oil, Lemon Juice & Glycerine\n\nMix castor oil, lemon juice & glycerine in equal amount and store it in a\ncontainer. Apply this liquid lip balm on your lips. This will give you the\ndesired pink lips.\n\n18\\. Orange Peel\n\nDon’t throw away the orange peel; it can be very useful for your lips. Rub the\norange peel on your lips and see the miracle.\n\n19\\. Glycerine\n\nTake 2-3 drops of glycerine and massage with it on your lips, with your\nfingers. This will remove the dark lips and restore your natural lip colour.\n\n20\\. Coriander Leaves\n\nBefore going to bed, rub some fresh coriander leaves on your lips and leave it\novernight. In the morning, notice the difference.\n\n21\\. Aloe Vera Gel\n\nCut an aloe vera leaf and collect the gel from it. Apply it on your lips and\nleave it.\n\n22\\. Mustard Oil\n\nBefore sleeping, put 1-2 drops of mustard oil in your naval. Do this every day\nto get pink and seductive lips.\n\n23\\. Heavy Cream & Tomato Paste\n\nTake 1⁄2 tablespoon of tomato pulp and 1⁄2 tablespoon of heavy cream and blend\nthem together. Rub this paste onto your lips. This will make your lips rosy\npink.\n\n24\\. Potato Juice\n\nPotato is very helpful in reducing the blackness of lips. Apply the juice of\nraw potato on your lips.\n\n25\\. Cucumber Juice\n\nCucumber can give you the lips, you always wished for. Apply the juice of\ncucumber on your lips and keep it as long as you can. Repeat this remedy for\n15-20 days and see the difference.\n\n26\\. Honey\n\nPut 1-2 drops of honey on your lips and massage. Honey will moisturise your\nlips and reduce the blackness.\n\n27\\. Rose Petals & Milk\n\nCrush a few fresh rose petals in milk and blend it to prepare a fine paste.\nUse this paste on your lips and leave it. Re-apply it till you see the effect.\nMilk will reduce the dark colour and rose petals will make your lips rosy and\ngorgeous.\n\n28\\. Ice Cubes\n\nIt is very essential to keep your lips hydrated in order to prevent chapped\nand black lips. Therefore, rub ice cubes on your lips. Rubbing ice cubes will\nhydrate your lips.\n\n29\\. Strawberry Juice & Petroleum Jelly\n\nTake 1 spoon of petroleum jelly and 1 tablespoon of strawberry juice and make\na fine pink coloured jelly. Put it in a container and apply on a daily basis.\n\n30\\. Pomegranate Seeds & Milk\n\nTake 1 tablespoon of pomegranate seeds and blend it in a blender along with\n1-2 tablespoons of milk. Its consistency should be like a scrub. Now, rub this\npaste on your lips to remove black and dead skin from your lips. Massage with\nthis scrub on a daily basis.\n\n### How to Avoid Lips from Getting Dark?\n\n * Do not smoke as it causes the darkened lips.\n * Limit the consumption of coffee.\n * Don’t suck your lips.\n * Wear a lip balm with good SPF whenever you go out.\n * Moisturise your lips and keep them hydrated.\n * Keep your diet healthy and nutritious.\n\nconverted\n\n#### You may also like\n\nHome Remedies\n\n## 12 DIY Salt and Sugar Body Scrubs\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. We all adore the ever...\n\nAlice Maria Fuentes\n\nHome Remedies\n\n## Learn How to Kill Ants with These Home Remedies\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. Although ants are...\n\nGregory Melhorn\n\nHomeHome Remedies\n\n## Ovulation Pain: Best Home Remedies\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. People who menstruate...\n\nClara Sherwood\n\nAs a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, this site may\nearn from qualifying purchases. We may also earn commissions on purchases from\nother retail websites.\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n###### 12 DIY Salt and Sugar Body Scrubs\n\n###### Learn How to Kill Ants with These Home Remedies\n\n###### Ovulation Pain: Best Home Remedies\n\n###### 20 Home Remedies for Allergies\n\n###### 18 Home Remedies for Passing a Drug Test\n\nHome Remedies team is operated by a fantastic group of like minded individuals\ninterested in how to improve healthy living through natural and herbal cures.\n\n * Home\n * Meet the Authors\n\n * Why Write for Homeremedyshop?\n * Terms Of Use\n * Privacy Policy GDPR\n * Contact Us\n\nHomeRemedyShop.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com.\n\n * Home\n * About\n\n * Meet the Authors\n * Contact Us\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2007/dec/18/healthandwellbeing.health1",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210426073921/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/2007/dec/18/healthandwellbeing.health1",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Five ways to ... reduce under-eye bags",
"passages": [
"Eye bags are partly down to genes and worsen with age. They may also signal an allergy. Sadly, though, according to the British Association of Dermatologists, nothing has been scientifically proven to reduce them. We do know that they are often caused by fluid retention, and that dehydration might exacerbate this, so increasing your water intake could help. Other than that, you could try these popular but scientifically unproven treatments. If nothing else, they might cheer you up.",
"1 Yo-Tox. The hottest non-surgical \"facelift\" trend from Manhattan: \"Sit cross-legged and place the first two fingers of each hand on either side of your nose about an inch down from the center of your eyes,\" instructs facial yoga expert Katrina Repka. \"This is an ayurvedic energy point. Keep a light pressure, close your eyes, and turn your eyes upwards in your head to gaze at the third-eye point - between your eyebrows. Stay for 5-10 seconds and repeat as needed to help reduce puffiness and stimulate the drainage of fluid from the eye area.\"",
"2 Take a nap. Though no research backs up the sleep-eyebag link, psychological studies show that we feel worse about our appearance when sleep deprived. Loughborough University's Sleep Research Centre has established that a 15-minute nap is enough to fool the brain into thinking it has had a proper night's sleep.",
"3 Cool off. Jane Griffin, a facial mapping specialist at Neal's Yard Remedies, in London, says a cooling eye gel may help to shrink the blood vessels, reducing some of the puff.",
"4 Acupressure. The acupressure point for eyes is on the mound on your palm just below the index finger. Press it. Repeatedly.",
"5 Potato therapy. \"Potatoes contain catecholase, used in some cosmetics as a skin lightener,\" says Charlotte Vohtz, founder of the natural cosmetics company Green People. \"Rest half moons of potato on the eye bags for 20 minutes.\" At the very least, you'll get some rest before the next festive boozathon."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Five ways to ... reduce under-eye bags | Health & wellbeing | The Guardian\n\nAdvertisement\n\n * International edition\n * UK edition\n * US edition\n * Australian edition\n\nThe Guardian - Back to home\n\nSearch jobs\n\nSign inSearch\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Health & fitness\n * Home & garden\n * Women\n * Men\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\nFive ways to ...Health & wellbeing\n\n# Five ways to ... reduce under-eye bags\n\nLucy Atkins\n\nTue 18 Dec 2007 00.06 GMT\n\nEye bags are partly down to genes and worsen with age. They may also signal an\nallergy. Sadly, though, according to the British Association of\nDermatologists, nothing has been scientifically proven to reduce them. We do\nknow that they are often caused by fluid retention, and that dehydration might\nexacerbate this, so increasing your water intake could help. Other than that,\nyou could try these popular but scientifically unproven treatments. If nothing\nelse, they might cheer you up.\n\n1 Yo-Tox. The hottest non-surgical \"facelift\" trend from Manhattan: \"Sit\ncross-legged and place the first two fingers of each hand on either side of\nyour nose about an inch down from the center of your eyes,\" instructs facial\nyoga expert Katrina Repka. \"This is an ayurvedic energy point. Keep a light\npressure, close your eyes, and turn your eyes upwards in your head to gaze at\nthe third-eye point - between your eyebrows. Stay for 5-10 seconds and repeat\nas needed to help reduce puffiness and stimulate the drainage of fluid from\nthe eye area.\"\n\n2 Take a nap. Though no research backs up the sleep-eyebag link, psychological\nstudies show that we feel worse about our appearance when sleep deprived.\nLoughborough University's Sleep Research Centre has established that a\n15-minute nap is enough to fool the brain into thinking it has had a proper\nnight's sleep.\n\n3 Cool off. Jane Griffin, a facial mapping specialist at Neal's Yard Remedies,\nin London, says a cooling eye gel may help to shrink the blood vessels,\nreducing some of the puff.\n\n4 Acupressure. The acupressure point for eyes is on the mound on your palm\njust below the index finger. Press it. Repeatedly.\n\n5 Potato therapy. \"Potatoes contain catecholase, used in some cosmetics as a\nskin lightener,\" says Charlotte Vohtz, founder of the natural cosmetics\ncompany Green People. \"Rest half moons of potato on the eye bags for 20\nminutes.\" At the very least, you'll get some rest before the next festive\nboozathon.\n\nTopics\n\n * Health & wellbeing\n * Five ways to ...\n\n * Health\n\nReuse this content\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Health & fitness\n * Home & garden\n * Women\n * Men\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\n * News\n * Opinion\n * Sport\n * Culture\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Contact us\n * Complaints & corrections\n * SecureDrop\n * Work for us\n * Privacy policy\n * Cookie policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * Help\n\n * All topics\n * All writers\n * Digital newspaper archive\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Twitter\n * Newsletters\n\n * Advertise with us\n * Search UK jobs\n\nBack to top\n\n© 2021 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights\nreserved. (modern)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.naturepurity.com/holistic/sheabutter.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419111106/http://www.naturepurity.com/holistic/sheabutter.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "",
"passages": [
"For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript. Here are the instructions how to enable JavaScript in your web browser."
]
},
"parsed_md": "For full functionality of this site it is necessary to enable JavaScript. Here\nare the instructions how to enable JavaScript in your web browser.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/10/24/cocoa-butter_n_6031286.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170912181140/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/10/24/cocoa-butter_n_6031286.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What's The Deal With Cocoa Butter?",
"passages": [
"Cocoa butter is one of those mysterious ingredients that sounds familiar but really leaves us scratching our heads. FIrst we think of chocolate, but then our thoughts quickly turn to body lotion and we're left with blank expressions on our faces, a little bewildered and unsure if we've been doing something wrong our whole lives. As the key ingredient in chocolate, cocoa butter is worth understanding. If you're not a chocolate lover, you can appreciate cocoa butter for its moisturizing properties (and then you can explain to us why you hate fun).",
"Most people are familiar with cocoa beans, but did you know they live in a large, fleshy fruit? The fruit is roughly the size and shape of a football. Farmers remove cocoa beans from this fruit to produce two products: cocoa butter and cocoa powder.",
"After the beans are cleaned, they are roasted to draw out the chocolate flavor. Next the beans are stripped of their shells and turned into nibs. (So that's what chocolate nibs are!) The nibs are then milled, or ground, into a liquid known as cocoa liquor.",
"The liquid is pressed at a high pressure to separate the fat, and that fat, friends, is cocoa butter. It looks like this. The remaining material is cocoa powder.",
"Once the cocoa liquor has been pressed to remove fat, the remnants are pulverized to make cocoa powder. While the cocoa butter is heftier and responsible for chocolate's shape, the cocoa powder is responsible for the flavor, health benefits and color.",
"Once they've been separated, the cocoa bean twins are reunited and mixed with sugar, and maybe milk, to make chocolate. White chocolate, since we know you're curious, contains no cocoa powder and only cocoa butter.",
"Melting around body temperature, it's a good skin moisturizer, and since it's also edible, it's not dangerous to use it as a lip balm as well. It's true: cocoa butter has many uses. Although we're primarily interested in it in chocolate form."
]
},
"parsed_md": "What's The Deal With Cocoa Butter? | HuffPost\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nTASTE\n\n10/24/2014 07:00 am ET Updated Oct 24, 2014\n\n# What's The Deal With Cocoa Butter?\n\nBy Alison Spiegel\n\n100\n\nCocoa butter is one of those mysterious ingredients that sounds familiar but\nreally leaves us scratching our heads. FIrst we think of chocolate, but then\nour thoughts quickly turn to body lotion and we're left with blank expressions\non our faces, a little bewildered and unsure if we've been doing something\nwrong our whole lives. As the key ingredient in chocolate, cocoa butter is\nworth understanding. If you're not a chocolate lover, you can appreciate cocoa\nbutter for its moisturizing properties (and then you can explain to us why you\nhate fun).\n\nHere's everything you need to know about cocoa butter:\n\n * 1 Cocoa butter comes from cocoa beans, which are found in the cocoa fruit.\n\nTinaFields via Getty Images\n\nMost people are familiar with cocoa beans, but did you know they live in a\nlarge, fleshy fruit? The fruit is roughly the size and shape of a football.\nFarmers remove cocoa beans from this fruit to produce two products: cocoa\nbutter and cocoa powder.\n\n * 2 First cocoa beans are cleaned, roasted, stripped and milled into cocoa liquor.\n\nlvenks via Getty Images\n\nAfter the beans are cleaned, they are roasted to draw out the chocolate\nflavor. Next the beans are stripped of their shells and turned into nibs. (So\nthat's what chocolate nibs are!) The nibs are then milled, or ground, into a\nliquid known as cocoa liquor.\n\n * 3 Cocoa liquor is pressed to produce cocoa butter.\n\nkjekol via Getty Images\n\nThe liquid is pressed at a high pressure to separate the fat, and that fat,\nfriends, is cocoa butter. It looks like this. The remaining material is cocoa\npowder.\n\n * 4 Cocoa powder is like cocoa butter's skinnier twin.\n\nQuanthem via Getty Images\n\nOnce the cocoa liquor has been pressed to remove fat, the remnants are\npulverized to make cocoa powder. While the cocoa butter is heftier and\nresponsible for chocolate's shape, the cocoa powder is responsible for the\nflavor, health benefits and color.\n\n * 5 Cocoa powder and cocoa butter are mixed together again to make chocolate.\n\nDimaSobko via Getty Images\n\nOnce they've been separated, the cocoa bean twins are reunited and mixed with\nsugar, and maybe milk, to make chocolate. White chocolate, since we know\nyou're curious, contains no cocoa powder and only cocoa butter.\n\n * 6 Cocoa butter is responsible for chocolate's melt-in-your-mouth quality.\n\nAdam Gault via Getty Images\n\nCocoa butter melts at body temperature, which explains why chocolate famously\nmelts in your mouth.\n\n * 7 Cocoa butter is also used as a moisturizer.\n\nWalmart\n\nMelting around body temperature, it's a good skin moisturizer, and since it's\nalso edible, it's not dangerous to use it as a lip balm as well. It's true:\ncocoa butter has many uses. Although we're primarily interested in it in\nchocolate form.\n\nTo see the cocoa butter-making process in action, check out this video:\n\nWant to read more from HuffPost Taste? Follow us on Twitter, Facebook,\nPinterest and Tumblr.\n\nDownload\n\n#### ALSO ON HUFFPOST:\n\nPHOTO GALLERY\n\nBEFORE YOU GO\n\n100 Chocolate Recipes\n\nPHOTO GALLERY\n\n100 Chocolate Recipes\n\nWhat's The Deal With Cocoa Butter?\n\n100 Chocolate Recipes\n\n100 Chocolate Recipes\n\n1 / 100\n\nChocolate Lover’s Cupcakes\n\n<strong>Get the <a href=\"http://www.howsweeteats.com/2012/02/chocolate-lovers-\ncupcakes/\" target=\"_blank\">Chocolate Lover’s Cupcakes recipe</a> by How Sweet\nIt Is</strong>\n\nHow Sweet It Is\n\nSuggest a correction\n\nAlison Spiegel Food writer and editor\n\n## MORE:\n\nChocolate Cocoa Cocoa Powder Cocoa Butter What Is Cocoa Butter\n\nWhat's The Deal With Cocoa Butter?\n\n100\n\n## CONVERSATIONS\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n * South Africa\n\nClose\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://everydayroots.com/homemade-lip-exfoliator",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211014215112/http://everydayroots.com/homemade-lip-exfoliator",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make a Sugar Lip Exfoliating Scrub",
"passages": [
"In the chilly months the air gets dry, and our lips suffer for it. As they get chapped, they often get covered in a layer of crusty, peeling, annoying dead skin that usually ends up getting bitten or tugged off-and that doesn’t do anybody any favors. Now your lips are bleeding and they’re sore and they are raw and soon they will be crusty again. It’s certainly a debacle, but one that I have found can be avoided by making a simple lip exfoliator. I used to purchase my scrub, and then I realized it’s actually the easiest thing in the world to make.",
"It’s important not to use this too much-our lips are fragile after all-but it really does the trick getting rid of all that dead peeling skin and revealing the soft skin underneath. follow up with an all-natural homemade lip balm to get that moisture in there.",
"You will need... -A tablespoon of brown sugar or white sugar -A dash of honey (just enough to make the sugar really stick together) OR a bit of olive oil/coconut oil -A teeny tiny little drop of vanilla (it makes it smell yummy, but isn’t necessary.) -A small container",
"Directions Mix a tablespoon of brown sugar with just enough honey (or olive oil) to get it to stick together. Once a week (twice at the very max) rub the scrub onto your lips, vigorously enough to loosen the dead skin.",
"Again, don’t overuse this, but it is a great tool when it comes to dealing with chapped, peeling, lips. If you like you can combine the brown and white sugar, but either will do the trick. If you would rather avoid the sticky honey, you can substitute with olive oil or coconut oil.",
"P.S. Make sure to take a look at the Everyday Roots Book with 350+ pages of the best home remedies, natural beauty recipes, homemade cleaners and diy household products. View Remedies",
"Claire is a lover of life, the natural world, and wild blueberries. On the weekend you can find her fiddling in the garden, playing with her dogs, and enjoying the great outdoors with her horse. Claire is very open-minded, ask her anything 🙂 Meet Claire",
"We Want to Hear from You! Let us know which remedies work and do not work for you, ask a question or leave a comment:",
"I would like to know how long this lasts also and could it work to be given as christmas gifts?",
"To Liz and Susan: Liz, you can put in a mason jar so its sealed properly, and then put it in the fridge. That should keep it stored properly and not let it go bad or anything. That’s what I did!",
"Susan, I totally agree with you! My lips were chapped so badly, it was red all over my chin and up to my nose! This scrub was AMAZING! I added a little bit too much “Homemade Vanilla Extract” but that made the scrub even better! 🙂",
"It should last for a long time because all the ingredients by itself is already stored at room temperature. You just have to mix it before use.",
"This is great for guys, too! I just made a small container of this and used a bit on my lips...all the peeling went away and the white buildup around the corners of my lips are gone. Now my lips feel soft and smooth! Thank you! Also...you can add cinnamon or cayenne pepper to this mix if you want to give your pout a good plump.",
"Wow! This worked great. My lips were completely chapped and flaking. Used your solution and the flaky skin was completely gone. Thanks a ton!",
"Thanks! I just tried it for the first time and my lips look and feel great. This is definitely something I’ll be doing again.",
"Wow! Thanks! It’s my first real winter out here in UT (I’m from HI) &my lips have been so bad, this definitely did the trick! Thanks again!",
"THANK YOU!! I was so desperately looking for a medicated lip balm or exfoliating solution to get rid of the dry cracked skin that would always make doing things like talking or even smiling very painful during the winter time, and now I’ve found it! Its simple, has quick results, and its so easy to make -I didn’t even have to go to the store for supplies. I’m definitely going to be doing this from now on. 🙂",
"You can add a drop of peppermint extract or peppermint essential oil if you want it to smell minty. If you use peppermint essential oil (vs extract) mix it with a teeny tiny bit of liquid oil (such as olive oil) before adding it to the mix to dilute it. Enjoy! 🙂",
"Everyday Roots is intended for informational purposes only. Our site contains general information about medical conditions and treatments, and provides information and ideas for, but not limited to, natural and home remedies. Everyday Roots makes no claims that anything presented is true, accurate, proven, and/or not harmful to your health or wellbeing. Our website is not and does not claim to be written, edited, or researched by a health care professional. Any information on or associated with this website should NOT be considered a substitute for medical advice from a healthcare professional. If you are experiencing any form of health problem, always consult a doctor before attempting any treatment on your own. Everyday Roots will not be held liable or responsible in any way for any harm, injury, illness, or death that may result from the use of its content or anything related to it. Viewers assume all risk and liability associated with the use of the content on our site, and must agree to our terms and conditions.",
"Please note that the below information is designed to provide general information on the topics presented. It is provided with the understanding that the expert is not engaged in rendering any medical or professional services in the information provided below. The information provided should not be used as a substitute for professional services."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make a Sugar Lip Exfoliating Scrub | Everyday Roots\n\n * Facebook\n * Subscribe\n\n# How to Make a Sugar Lip Exfoliating Scrub\n\nIn the chilly months the air gets dry, and our lips suffer for it. As they get\nchapped, they often get covered in a layer of crusty, peeling, annoying dead\nskin that usually ends up getting bitten or tugged off-and that doesn’t do\nanybody any favors. Now your lips are bleeding and they’re sore and they are\nraw and soon they will be crusty again. It’s certainly a debacle, but one that\nI have found can be avoided by making a simple lip exfoliator. I used to\npurchase my scrub, and then I realized it’s actually the easiest thing in the\nworld to make.\n\nIt’s important not to use this too much-our lips are fragile after all-but it\nreally does the trick getting rid of all that dead peeling skin and revealing\nthe soft skin underneath. follow up with an all-natural homemade lip balm to\nget that moisture in there.\n\nYou will need... -A tablespoon of brown sugar or white sugar -A dash of honey\n(just enough to make the sugar really stick together) OR a bit of olive\noil/coconut oil -A teeny tiny little drop of vanilla (it makes it smell yummy,\nbut isn’t necessary.) -A small container\n\nDirections Mix a tablespoon of brown sugar with just enough honey (or olive\noil) to get it to stick together. Once a week (twice at the very max) rub the\nscrub onto your lips, vigorously enough to loosen the dead skin.\n\nLet it sit for 1 minute, and then wipe off with a damp washcloth. Apply lip\nbalm after use.\n\nAgain, don’t overuse this, but it is a great tool when it comes to dealing\nwith chapped, peeling, lips. If you like you can combine the brown and white\nsugar, but either will do the trick. If you would rather avoid the sticky\nhoney, you can substitute with olive oil or coconut oil.\n\nP.S. Make sure to take a look at the Everyday Roots Book with 350+ pages of\nthe best home remedies, natural beauty recipes, homemade cleaners and diy\nhousehold products. View Remedies\n\nBy Claire Goodall\n\nClaire is a lover of life, the natural world, and wild blueberries. On the\nweekend you can find her fiddling in the garden, playing with her dogs, and\nenjoying the great outdoors with her horse. Claire is very open-minded, ask\nher anything 🙂 Meet Claire\n\n3 Natural Drinks to Help Get Better Sleep\n\nSweet Raspberry Antioxidant Cordial\n\nFindings Show That a Virus May Help Combat Acne\n\nHomemade Natural Cold and Flu Inhaler\n\n3 Ways to Make a Healing Mash for Dogs with Diarrhea & Gas\n\n3 Herbal Teas to Help Relieve a UTI\n\nWe Want to Hear from You! Let us know which remedies work and do not work for\nyou, ask a question or leave a comment:\n\n#### 18 Comments\n\n 1. Liz says:\n\nDecember 17, 2013 at 7:49 pm\n\nHow long will this mixture keep and how should it be stored?\n\nReply\n\n * Terri says:\n\nNovember 24, 2014 at 12:35 am\n\nI would like to know how long this lasts also and could it work to be given as\nchristmas gifts?\n\nReply\n\n 2. Susan says:\n\nAugust 2, 2014 at 11:53 pm\n\nWorked great — I was miserable all day chewing at my peeling lips. Thanks for\nthe tip!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Veronica says:\n\nNovember 16, 2014 at 1:55 am\n\nTo Liz and Susan: Liz, you can put in a mason jar so its sealed properly, and\nthen put it in the fridge. That should keep it stored properly and not let it\ngo bad or anything. That’s what I did!\n\nSusan, I totally agree with you! My lips were chapped so badly, it was red all\nover my chin and up to my nose! This scrub was AMAZING! I added a little bit\ntoo much “Homemade Vanilla Extract” but that made the scrub even better! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Leslee Cruz says:\n\nJanuary 8, 2015 at 7:33 am\n\nHow long will it last if I only store it at room temperature? Will try this\nsoon 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Elizabeth says:\n\nMarch 18, 2015 at 6:11 am\n\nIt should last for a long time because all the ingredients by itself is\nalready stored at room temperature. You just have to mix it before use.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Lucius says:\n\nNovember 21, 2014 at 5:01 am\n\nThis is great for guys, too! I just made a small container of this and used a\nbit on my lips...all the peeling went away and the white buildup around the\ncorners of my lips are gone. Now my lips feel soft and smooth! Thank you!\nAlso...you can add cinnamon or cayenne pepper to this mix if you want to give\nyour pout a good plump.\n\nReply\n\n * cath says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2015 at 5:02 pm\n\nI don’t think that’s advisable to add spices to this\n\nReply\n\n 5. Paddy says:\n\nDecember 5, 2014 at 2:41 am\n\nWow! This worked great. My lips were completely chapped and flaking. Used your\nsolution and the flaky skin was completely gone. Thanks a ton!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Grace says:\n\nDecember 6, 2014 at 11:12 pm\n\nThanks! I just tried it for the first time and my lips look and feel great.\nThis is definitely something I’ll be doing again.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Sofia says:\n\nJanuary 4, 2015 at 8:45 am\n\nWow! Thanks! It’s my first real winter out here in UT (I’m from HI) &my lips\nhave been so bad, this definitely did the trick! Thanks again!\n\nReply\n\n 8. puppylover333 says:\n\nJanuary 21, 2015 at 1:35 am\n\nthank u so much it works with vegitible oil too again thank u so much\n\nReply\n\n 9. Savanna says:\n\nMarch 8, 2015 at 11:07 pm\n\nTHANK YOU!! I was so desperately looking for a medicated lip balm or\nexfoliating solution to get rid of the dry cracked skin that would always make\ndoing things like talking or even smiling very painful during the winter time,\nand now I’ve found it! Its simple, has quick results, and its so easy to make\n-I didn’t even have to go to the store for supplies. I’m definitely going to\nbe doing this from now on. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 10. Kiesse says:\n\nMarch 15, 2015 at 10:11 am\n\nI wanted to know for how long can I preserve the lip exfoliating scrub?\n\nReply\n\n * ash says:\n\nApril 18, 2016 at 5:02 am\n\nAbout as long as you want. Honey doesn’t go bad. The worst that can happen is\nthe honey crystallizing.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Theresa says:\n\nMarch 25, 2015 at 7:19 pm\n\nHow can I make it taste/smell like mint or berry? I can’t wait to try making\nit!\n\nReply\n\n * Claire Goodall says:\n\nMarch 26, 2015 at 3:22 am\n\nYou can add a drop of peppermint extract or peppermint essential oil if you\nwant it to smell minty. If you use peppermint essential oil (vs extract) mix\nit with a teeny tiny bit of liquid oil (such as olive oil) before adding it to\nthe mix to dilute it. Enjoy! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 12. sarah says:\n\nMay 19, 2015 at 8:48 pm\n\nCan this be used on the whole face?\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nMEDICAL AND GENERAL DISCLAIMER FOR EVERYDAYROOTS.COM (Referred to as Everyday\nRoots.)\n\nEveryday Roots is intended for informational purposes only. 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},
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"original_url": "https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/beauty/home-remedies-to-lighten-dark-lips/articleshow/26684801.cms",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210505214654/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/life-style/beauty/home-remedies-to-lighten-dark-lips/articleshow/26684801.cms",
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"title": "Home remedies to lighten dark lips",
"passages": [
"* Coronavirus: Dos and don'ts of steaming to fight COVID\nCoronavirus: How effective is the antiviral drug Remdesivir against COVID-19? Find out what experts have to say",
"* The real reason why most people cradle babies on the left\n\"My son and daughter are always fighting. How can I manage it?\"",
"Refrain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory, and do not indulge in personal attacks, name calling or inciting hatred against any community. Help us delete comments that do not follow these guidelines by marking them offensive. Let's work together to keep the conversation civil.",
"Healthy pink lips add extra charm to a person’s face. These naturally appealing lips don’t need regular application of lips balms or lipsticks to look luscious and healthy. But several factors like the suns UV rays, smoking, caffeine and age can affect our lips and darken them. Luckily, there are several natural solutions to lighten darker lips. Here is a list of natural home remedies that can lighten dark lips.'",
"Honey: Honey is an amazing natural ingredient, which can be used to treat dark lips. It not only lightens your lips but also makes them soft. Apply honey on your lips and leave it on overnight, everyday. Continue this practice for a couple of weeks and you will notice a change in your lip colour. Lemon juice: Lemon is known to be a bleaching agent and it acts as an effective remedy to treat dark lips. Apply freshly squeezed lemon juice to your lips and massage them gently. Follow this ritual every night before bed.",
"Sugar scrub: Sugar works as an excellent scrub to exfoliate lips and also helps get rid of unwanted dead skin. Take three spoons of sugar and mix it with two spoons of butter to make a thick paste. Use this mixture on your lips to exfoliate them. The added butter moisturises your lips. Like your skin, your lips also need to be exfoliated regularly. Try this scrub two or three times a week for lighter lips.",
"Beetroot: This deep purple ingredient helps cleanse and lighten lips. Beetroot juice has natural agents, which lighten lips. Use its juice on your lips for effective results.",
"Ice cubes: This simple method of rubbing ice cubes over your lips will help them remain moisturised and fresh as ice cubes not only hydrate your lips but also make them plump.",
"Milk cream: Try milk cream (malai) with a bit of saffron and apply this mixture to your lips. This is an age old remedy for treating dark lips. Continue this ritual several times a day and at night for effective results.",
"On the occasion of Satyajit Ray's birth centenary on May 2, news is that two new books by the author would be released soon. Read more details about the upcoming books here.",
"As actor Fatima Sana Shaikh gets ready for her next web offering, she is slaying one look at a time for the promotions. From flowy dresses to chic pantsuits, the diva is teasing her fans with chic fashion looks and no one is complaining. But we are currently crushing on Sana's sari look that will make you fall in love with her all over again.",
"Ever since the second wave has hit our country, children who were only considered super spreaders until recently, have come to be hit by the menacing virus too.",
"Iconic actor Kabir Bedi's memoir 'Stories I Must Tell: The Emotional Life of an Actor' was launched in an online event by international star Piryanka Chopra Jonas on April 19.",
"Refrain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory, and do not indulge in personal attacks, name calling or inciting hatred against any community. Help us delete comments that do not follow these guidelines by marking them offensive. Let's work together to keep the conversation civil.",
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]
},
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Home remedies to lighten dark lips\n\n## Home remedies to lighten dark lips\n\n##\n\nclosecomments\n\nCount: 3000\n\n### SIGN IN WITH\n\nFacebookGoogleEmail\n\nX\n\nRefrain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory,\nand do not indulge in personal attacks, name calling or inciting hatred\nagainst any community. Help us delete comments that do not follow these\nguidelines by marking them offensive. Let's work together to keep the\nconversation civil.\n\nBe the first one to review.\n\nWe have sent you a verification email. To verify, just follow the link in the\nmessage\n\n# Home remedies to lighten dark lips\n\nBy -\n\nHealth Me Up\n\nUpdated: Apr 26, 2017, 11:48 IST\n\nfacebooktwitterPintrest\n\nHealthy pink lips add extra charm to a person’s face. These naturally\nappealing lips don’t need regular application of lips balms or lipsticks to\nlook luscious and healthy. But several factors like the suns UV rays, smoking,\ncaffeine and age can affect our lips and darken them. Luckily, there are\nseveral natural solutions to lighten darker lips. Here is a list of natural\nhome remedies that can lighten dark lips.'\n\nHoney: Honey is an amazing natural ingredient, which can be used to treat dark\nlips. It not only lightens your lips but also makes them soft. Apply honey on\nyour lips and leave it on overnight, everyday. Continue this practice for a\ncouple of weeks and you will notice a change in your lip colour. Lemon juice:\nLemon is known to be a bleaching agent and it acts as an effective remedy to\ntreat dark lips. Apply freshly squeezed lemon juice to your lips and massage\nthem gently. Follow this ritual every night before bed.\n\nSugar scrub: Sugar works as an excellent scrub to exfoliate lips and also\nhelps get rid of unwanted dead skin. Take three spoons of sugar and mix it\nwith two spoons of butter to make a thick paste. Use this mixture on your lips\nto exfoliate them. The added butter moisturises your lips. Like your skin,\nyour lips also need to be exfoliated regularly. Try this scrub two or three\ntimes a week for lighter lips.\n\nBeetroot: This deep purple ingredient helps cleanse and lighten lips. Beetroot\njuice has natural agents, which lighten lips. Use its juice on your lips for\neffective results.\n\nIce cubes: This simple method of rubbing ice cubes over your lips will help\nthem remain moisturised and fresh as ice cubes not only hydrate your lips but\nalso make them plump.\n\nMilk cream: Try milk cream (malai) with a bit of saffron and apply this\nmixture to your lips. This is an age old remedy for treating dark lips.\nContinue this ritual several times a day and at night for effective results.\n\nRead more Personal Health, Diet & Fitness stories on www.healthmeup.com\n\nEnd of the article\n\n#### News in Brief See Allleft arrowright arrow\n\n * ## Satyajit Ray birth centenary: Two new books to be released\n\nOn the occasion of Satyajit Ray's birth centenary on May 2, news is that two\nnew books by the author would be released soon. Read more details about the\nupcoming books here.\n\n * ## Fatima Sana Shaikh's flamingo sari is our favourite lockdown outfit of the week\n\nAs actor Fatima Sana Shaikh gets ready for her next web offering, she is\nslaying one look at a time for the promotions. From flowy dresses to chic\npantsuits, the diva is teasing her fans with chic fashion looks and no one is\ncomplaining. But we are currently crushing on Sana's sari look that will make\nyou fall in love with her all over again.\n\n * ## Coronavirus: How is the second wave different for kids?\n\nEver since the second wave has hit our country, children who were only\nconsidered super spreaders until recently, have come to be hit by the menacing\nvirus too.\n\n * ## Priyanka Chopra Jonas launches Kabir Bedi's memoir ‘Stories I Must Tell’\n\nIconic actor Kabir Bedi's memoir 'Stories I Must Tell: The Emotional Life of\nan Actor' was launched in an online event by international star Piryanka\nChopra Jonas on April 19.\n\n#### Visual Stories\n\nRight arrow\n\n * ##### Entertainment\n\nMarathi actresses who stunned in a pink saree\n\n * ##### Entertainment\n\nBhumi’s inspirational weight-loss journey\n\n * ##### Entertainment\n\nStunning pictures of Kriti Sanon\n\n * ##### Entertainment\n\nShruti Haasan's rare unseen pictures\n\n * ##### Travel\n\nA look into Ram Temples in India\n\n * ##### Life Style\n\nDrink this juice for a glowing skin\n\n * ##### Entertainment\n\nTop 10 interesting pics of Seema Singh\n\n * ##### Entertainment\n\nSneak peek into Ananya's summer wardrobe\n\n * ##### Life Style\n\nTop 8 superfoods you must have to lose weight\n\n * ##### Entertainment\n\nM-Town divas slay in co-ord sets\n\n### Related Stories\n\n * How to whiten your teeth naturally\n\n * Home remedies to cure acne\n\n * Make the dark circles disappear\n\n * Benefits of a facial clean-up\n\n * Why piercing your skin can be dangerous\n\n### Comments (0)\n\nRefrain from posting comments that are obscene, defamatory or inflammatory,\nand do not indulge in personal attacks, name calling or inciting hatred\nagainst any community. Help us delete comments that do not follow these\nguidelines by marking them offensive. 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},
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"original_url": "http://www.thehealthsite.com:80/beauty/tips-to-get-rid-of-smokers-dark-lips-naturally/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180910085802/http://www.thehealthsite.com:80/beauty/tips-to-get-rid-of-smokers-dark-lips-naturally/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Suggest natural remedies to lighten dark lips due to smoking? (query)",
"passages": [
"Suggest natural remedies to lighten dark lips due to smoking? (query) - Read Health Related Blogs, Articles & News on Beauty at TheHealthSite.com",
"If you are a smoker, you have probably noticed your lips getting darker. Dark lips are one of the most aesthetically challenging ill effect of smoking. With a lot of people looking for natural ways to lighten the colour of their lips, we decided to help you out.",
"Smoking has many drastic effects on the body and one of the most noticeable ones is darkening of lips and skin around the mouth. This usually happens due to a number of reasons.",
"The tobacco and tar: Abundantly present in cigarettes, tar tends to stain your lips, teeth and gums, in turn giving them a blackish-blue hue.",
"Heat from the cigarette: Another reason for dark lips is the extreme heat from the inhaled smoke. When you light up and draw in the smoke from a cigarette, the heat of the smoke tends to affect the amount of melanin released in that area of the body. Melanin is a compound in the body that is responsible for colour of your skin. The darker you are the more melanin you have. One of its most important functions is to protect the body from UV rays and heat. That is why, when you smoke, the heat from the cigarette triggers the production of more melanin around your lips – making them darker.",
"Rupture of capillaries: The third reason is the fact that tiny capillaries present just below the surface of your lips tend to burst, giving your lips a blackish hue.",
"Lack of oxygen supply: Finally, the lack of oxygen circulating in your body makes your lips bluish as it does not get enough oxygen supply.",
"The first step to getting back the colour of your lips is to stop smoking. Quitting can have some really amazing and immediate effects on your body. Apart from that, drinking enough water and keeping your lips well moisturised is an essential part of getting back their colour. Another great way to help your lips regain their colour is to exfoliate them regularly and avoid licking your lips (as this will only make them drier and tend to cause a change in their colour).",
"Toothbrush exfoliation: This is an extremely simple way to exfoliate your lips. All you need is to apply some petroleum jelly or olive oil on your lips and use a soft tooth brush to gently exfoliate them. Run the brush over your lips in gentle circular motions for about three to four minutes. Then wash your lips with some warm water and apply some desi ghee on them to keep them moisturised.",
"Sugar and lemon exfoliation: This is another method to exfoliate your lips. Take a teaspoon of sugar, add a few drops of olive oil and lemon to the mix. Now take this paste and apply it on your lips. Gently massage your lips with this paste using soft circular motions to exfoliate them. Once all the sugar has dissolved or fallen off, wash away the excess with normal water.",
"Lemon and honey pack: This is a great bleaching and moisturising pack. The lemon helps to change the colour of your lips and the honey nourishes the lips, making them soft and supple. To make this pack, take equal quantities of the juice of a lemon and honey. Mix it well and apply this on your lips. Allow it to stay for about twenty to thirty minutes and wash it off with normal water. Honey is great for supple and soft skin, know more here.",
"Glycerine and lemon pack: Again, a great natural bleaching and moisturising pack, this pack is best used just before you go to bed. Mix equal quantities of glycerine and lemon and apply this to your lips and allow it to stay overnight. Wash it off the next morning with normal water. Know other beauty benefits of glycerine here.",
"Almond oil and honey pack: This pack uses the goodness of almonds and honey to change the colour of your lips. Mix some almond oil with honey in equal quantities and apply it to your lips. Now allow this mixture to stay for about thirty minutes and wash it off with plain water. Apply this pack three to four times a day for best results.",
"Rose petals and milk pack: Roses have amazing effect on the lips. Not only does it lend them a pinkish hue, but it also nourishes the skin. This pack is especially good to exfoliate your lips and make them look fuller. To make this pack, crush some fresh rose petals and add milk cream (malai) and honey to the paste. Now mix it well and apply the paste to your lips. Allow it to stay for fifteen to twenty minutes and then wash it off first with milk and then with water. Here are some beauty benefits of raw milk.",
"Beetroot pack: Beetroots have been used for centuries by women to make their lips look healthy, pink and plumper. But apart from the colour that beetroot lends to the lip,s it also adds to the overall health of the skin. Grate a little fresh beetroot and add some lemon and milk cream (malai) to the mix. Apply this paste on your lips and wash off after fifteen to twenty minutes.",
"Turmeric and lemon pack: This pack employs the healing properties of turmeric and the bleaching effect of lemon to make it a great pack for lighter lips. Take a teaspoonful of turmeric and add the juice of half a lemon to it. Now mix well and apply this paste on your lips. Leave it on for about ten minutes and then wash off with water. Turmeric or haldi ensures glowing skin, know more about it here.",
"Pomegranate and malai pack: The coarseness of pomegranate seeds and the colour it imparts is a very effective tool to change the colour of your lips from an unattractive blackish blue to healthy pink. To make this pack, grind a few pomegranate seeds into a coarse paste. Now, add some milk cream or malai to the paste and apply it on your lips. Allow it to stay for a few minutes and wash it off with normal water.",
"For all these home remedies to work, it is essential that you moisturise your lips well after you wash off the pack. Remember that these are home remedies, they will give results only after prolonged use. So, just follow any one of the tips and watch your lips go back to their original colour. Also, know how to make lip balm at home.",
"For more natural remedies, check out our natural remedies section. For daily free health tips, sign up for our newsletter.",
"Disclaimer: TheHealthSite.com does not guarantee any specific results as a result of the procedures mentioned here and the results may vary from person to person. The topics in these pages including text, graphics, videos and other material contained on this website are for informational purposes only and not to be substituted for professional medical advice.",
"TheHealthSite.com is India's largest health site with more than 40 lakh unique visitors per month. We focus on fitness, beauty, health, pregnancy and more."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Suggest natural remedies to lighten dark lips due to smoking? (query) - Read\nHealth Related Blogs, Articles & News on Beauty at TheHealthSite.com\n\nSwitch to हिंदी\n\nHome\n\n/ Beauty\n\n/ Suggest natural remedies to lighten dark lips due to smoking? (query)\n\n# Suggest natural remedies to lighten dark lips due to smoking? (query)\n\n## Want to lighten dark, smokers lips? Here are some great home remedies that\nactually work.\n\nPavitra Sampath | Updated: August 31, 2015 6:25 pm\n\nTags: Dark lips Smoking\n\nRead this in Tamil, Hindi.\n\nIf you are a smoker, you have probably noticed your lips getting darker. Dark\nlips are one of the most aesthetically challenging ill effect of smoking. With\na lot of people looking for natural ways to lighten the colour of their lips,\nwe decided to help you out.\n\nWhy does it happen?\n\nSmoking has many drastic effects on the body and one of the most noticeable\nones is darkening of lips and skin around the mouth. This usually happens due\nto a number of reasons.\n\nThe tobacco and tar: Abundantly present in cigarettes, tar tends to stain your\nlips, teeth and gums, in turn giving them a blackish-blue hue.\n\nHeat from the cigarette: Another reason for dark lips is the extreme heat from\nthe inhaled smoke. When you light up and draw in the smoke from a cigarette,\nthe heat of the smoke tends to affect the amount of melanin released in that\narea of the body. Melanin is a compound in the body that is responsible for\ncolour of your skin. The darker you are the more melanin you have. One of its\nmost important functions is to protect the body from UV rays and heat. That is\nwhy, when you smoke, the heat from the cigarette triggers the production of\nmore melanin around your lips – making them darker.\n\nRupture of capillaries: The third reason is the fact that tiny capillaries\npresent just below the surface of your lips tend to burst, giving your lips a\nblackish hue.\n\nLack of oxygen supply: Finally, the lack of oxygen circulating in your body\nmakes your lips bluish as it does not get enough oxygen supply.\n\nTips and tricks:\n\nThe first step to getting back the colour of your lips is to stop smoking.\nQuitting can have some really amazing and immediate effects on your body.\nApart from that, drinking enough water and keeping your lips well moisturised\nis an essential part of getting back their colour. Another great way to help\nyour lips regain their colour is to exfoliate them regularly and avoid licking\nyour lips (as this will only make them drier and tend to cause a change in\ntheir colour).\n\nHome remedies to lighten lips naturally\n\nToothbrush exfoliation: This is an extremely simple way to exfoliate your\nlips. All you need is to apply some petroleum jelly or olive oil on your lips\nand use a soft tooth brush to gently exfoliate them. Run the brush over your\nlips in gentle circular motions for about three to four minutes. Then wash\nyour lips with some warm water and apply some desi ghee on them to keep them\nmoisturised.\n\nSugar and lemon exfoliation: This is another method to exfoliate your lips.\nTake a teaspoon of sugar, add a few drops of olive oil and lemon to the mix.\nNow take this paste and apply it on your lips. Gently massage your lips with\nthis paste using soft circular motions to exfoliate them. Once all the sugar\nhas dissolved or fallen off, wash away the excess with normal water.\n\nLip packs\n\n 1. Lemon and honey pack: This is a great bleaching and moisturising pack. The lemon helps to change the colour of your lips and the honey nourishes the lips, making them soft and supple. To make this pack, take equal quantities of the juice of a lemon and honey. Mix it well and apply this on your lips. Allow it to stay for about twenty to thirty minutes and wash it off with normal water. Honey is great for supple and soft skin, know more here.\n 2. Glycerine and lemon pack: Again, a great natural bleaching and moisturising pack, this pack is best used just before you go to bed. Mix equal quantities of glycerine and lemon and apply this to your lips and allow it to stay overnight. Wash it off the next morning with normal water. Know other beauty benefits of glycerine here.\n 3. Almond oil and honey pack: This pack uses the goodness of almonds and honey to change the colour of your lips. Mix some almond oil with honey in equal quantities and apply it to your lips. Now allow this mixture to stay for about thirty minutes and wash it off with plain water. Apply this pack three to four times a day for best results.\n 4. Rose petals and milk pack: Roses have amazing effect on the lips. Not only does it lend them a pinkish hue, but it also nourishes the skin. This pack is especially good to exfoliate your lips and make them look fuller. To make this pack, crush some fresh rose petals and add milk cream (malai) and honey to the paste. Now mix it well and apply the paste to your lips. Allow it to stay for fifteen to twenty minutes and then wash it off first with milk and then with water. Here are some beauty benefits of raw milk.\n 5. Beetroot pack: Beetroots have been used for centuries by women to make their lips look healthy, pink and plumper. But apart from the colour that beetroot lends to the lip,s it also adds to the overall health of the skin. Grate a little fresh beetroot and add some lemon and milk cream (malai) to the mix. Apply this paste on your lips and wash off after fifteen to twenty minutes.\n 6. Turmeric and lemon pack: This pack employs the healing properties of turmeric and the bleaching effect of lemon to make it a great pack for lighter lips. Take a teaspoonful of turmeric and add the juice of half a lemon to it. Now mix well and apply this paste on your lips. Leave it on for about ten minutes and then wash off with water. Turmeric or haldi ensures glowing skin, know more about it here.\n 7. Pomegranate and malai pack: The coarseness of pomegranate seeds and the colour it imparts is a very effective tool to change the colour of your lips from an unattractive blackish blue to healthy pink. To make this pack, grind a few pomegranate seeds into a coarse paste. Now, add some milk cream or malai to the paste and apply it on your lips. Allow it to stay for a few minutes and wash it off with normal water.\n\nFor all these home remedies to work, it is essential that you moisturise your\nlips well after you wash off the pack. Remember that these are home remedies,\nthey will give results only after prolonged use. So, just follow any one of\nthe tips and watch your lips go back to their original colour. Also, know how\nto make lip balm at home.\n\nClick on the picture below for 6 home-made honey packs to nourish your skin\nand hair.\n\nImage source: Getty Images\n\nFor more natural remedies, check out our natural remedies section. For daily\nfree health tips, sign up for our newsletter.\n\nPublished: August 31, 2015 6:20 pm | Updated:August 31, 2015 6:25 pm\n\nDisclaimer: TheHealthSite.com does not guarantee any specific results as a\nresult of the procedures mentioned here and the results may vary from person\nto person. The topics in these pages including text, graphics, videos and\nother material contained on this website are for informational purposes only\nand not to be substituted for professional medical advice.\n\n## Natural ways to get rid of unwanted body hair, right at home!\n\n## 5 home remedies for thick eyelashes\n\nPlease Wait. Article Loading ....\n\n## Related Stories\n\n### 7 reasons for dark or discoloured lips that you should know!\n\n### Dark lips no more! 5 tips for luscious, pink lips\n\n### People who work longer smoke more\n\n### Exercise can help you quit smoking!\n\n## Health News in Hindi\n\n### क्या आप थ्रे़ड फेस लिफ्टिंग कराना चाहते हैं? जानें इससे जुड़ी कुछ अहम\nबातें !\n\n### दिन के समय ज्यादा सोना, बढ़ा देता है अल्जाइमर का खतरा\n\n### हेपेटाइटिस इंफेक्शन के दौरान क्या खाना चाहिए?\n\n### नाखून चबाने की थी आदत, युवती का काटना पड़ा अंगूठा\n\n### जब बच्चे के लिए खरीदनी हो दूध की बोतल तो इन टिप्स का रखें ध्यान!\n\nRead All\n\n#### About The health Site\n\nTheHealthSite.com is India's largest health site with more than 40 lakh unique\nvisitors per month. We focus on fitness, beauty, health, pregnancy and more.\n\nMost popular health and wellness website in India in 2012 at the Website of\nthe year awards.\n\nhealth@corp.india.com\n\n+91 – 22 – 6697 1234\n\n91 – 22 – 2490 0302.\n\nIndia Webportal Private Limited 135, Continental Building, Dr. Annie Basent\nRoad, Worli, Mumbai – 400 018.\n\n#### Useful Links\n\n * Shirodhara\n * Organ donation\n * Breastfeeding week\n * World Mosquito Day\n * Eye donation\n * Independence Day\n * World Population Day\n * Plastic and reconstructive surgery\n * DIY projects\n * World Hepatitis Day\n * Safety tips for monsoon\n * Acne\n * Liver health\n * Winter care\n * Cancer\n * Mental Health\n * Depression\n * First Aid\n * HIV AIDS\n * Swine Flu\n * Cough\n * Ayurveda\n * Erectile Dysfunction\n * Healthy eating\n\n * Desi Wisdom\n * Healthy Food\n * Healthy Home\n * Go Natural\n * Weight Loss Tips\n * Fitness Workouts\n * Heart Health\n * Quit Smoking\n * Celebrity Fitness\n * Flat Abs\n * Workplace Wellness\n\n#### Email Subscription\n\nEnter your email id to get latest updates and latest news about health.\n\nWe respect your privacy\n\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n * Author Profiles\n\nCopyright © 2018 TheHealthSite\n\n"
}
] |
9,295,748 | How To Thicken Curry | If you need to thicken curry, try stirring in a spoonful at a time of unflavored Greek yogurt until you get the thickness you desire. This will add a creamy texture, and is also a good way to cool off your curry if it’s a little spicier than you would like. If you’re making a tomato-based curry, add in tomato paste or puree to the curry to thicken it. Also, if your curry has potatoes in it, take out a few of the potatoes and mash them up, then add them back into the curry. This will thicken the dish without changing the flavor. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160820213143/https://zainabjagotahmed.com/2014/03/10/four-ways-to-thicken-your-curry-sauce/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190929210204/http://ediblyasian.info:80/recipes/indian-curry-gravies-tricks-and-tips-",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190811193303/http://www.curryfocus.co.uk/Blog/2016/01/30/thicken-curry-sauce/"
] | train | 2,543 | [
{
"original_url": "https://zainabjagotahmed.com/2014/03/10/four-ways-to-thicken-your-curry-sauce/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160820213143/https://zainabjagotahmed.com/2014/03/10/four-ways-to-thicken-your-curry-sauce/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Four Ways to Thicken Your Curry Sauce",
"passages": [
"I remember when I first started cooking, my curry sauce was always surrounded by little puddles of water, and no amount of simmering combined with vigorous stirring would thicken the sauce. It felt like it was taking a lifetime to reduce and in the meantime my vegetables would overcook, or my chicken would dry out. So there was no other alternative... I would have to pour out some of the water into the sink before I served it up for dinner and hope no one would notice. Oops!",
"I do however love cooking and I refused to be beaten by ‘the watery curry sauce’. So after numerous lessons from my mum, ‘the experienced one’, and through experimentation of my own; I learnt that adding one key ingredient can be the difference between serving up a rich, luscious curry sauce or having a river running through your curry.",
"So here are four different methods you can use to help answer the question I am most frequently asked... ‘How can I thicken my curry sauce?’",
"Ideal for tomato-based sauces so great for Indian and Italian cookery. Adding tomato puree is probably the most common method of thickening curry sauces. Simply add the tomato puree during the cooking process rather than adding it at the end. This will help to thicken your curry or pasta sauce from the beginning, speeding up the cooking time.",
"Ideal for Chinese sauces or Thai curries but can also be used for Indian curries. Add one tablespoon of cornflour to two or three tablespoons of cold water and stir. Pour the mixture into the sauce and allow to simmer until the sauce begins to thicken. Which doesn’t take very long.",
"Ideal for Indian curries and can be used as a cream substitute (which is also thickens sauces). This is another common thickening agent used within Indian cookery. I like to use Greek style yogurt rather than natural yogurt because it’s thick, creamy and it doesn’t tend to curdle in the pan. I would still recommend adding a little at a time though and stirring just to be sure. Yogurt can be used alone or along with tomato puree depending on what the sauce base is.",
"Ideal for all curries and sauces, this is the traditional method I was trying for years, and failing miserably at! But it is still necessary even if you use one of the above key ingredients. Including them in the cooking process just ensures you won’t need to simmer your curry sauce for as long as you would without them.",
"Simply simmer your sauce on low heat (uncovered) until the sauce reduces. If you are cooking vegetables, try reducing the sauce first and then adding the vegetables. This will help you to avoid overcooking the vegetables maintaining valuable nutrients for the whole family.",
"So there you have it, my top four methods to achieving a fabulously rich curry sauce. Some of these methods may not be ‘authentic’ to some cuisines, but it gets the job done so I don’t tend to lose much sleep over it. Also, as mentioned, using a combination of these key methods will ensure you never see a runny curry again!",
"Tags: cornflour, families, greek style yogurt, how to thicken curry sauce, Indian baby food, Indian cooking tips, Indian food, parenting, thicker curry sauce, tomato paste",
"If you curry has lots of veg in it, take a couple of ladles full out and liquidise in a blender. Stir this back in and it should thicken the curry considerably.",
"A variation of number 3: coconut milk. We often use it in SE Asia so this is the method I’m most familiar with (I’ve never used cream because it’s far more expensive than this coconut milk). Although it doesn’t really thicken the curry that much, it still gives texture and extra sweet and savouriness to the curry.",
"Great tips thank you for sharing! Having a bit of aversion to cornflour bases I found a good substitute is ground nuts (almond meal or ground cashews). You will need more quantity than flour but the resulting thickening is creamy and adds a lovely silky flavour to milder curries.",
"I used ground cashews in this recipe (it was made up as a ‘joke’ article but the recipe tastes nice at any rate) – http://goo.gl/Az7aBr – thickens it up wonderfully",
"Easy Indian SuperMeals has been shortlisted for 'best family cookbook' in the Junior Design Awards 2016. Your vote counts! Please vote now.",
"Easy Indian SuperMeals for Babies, Toddlers and the Family scoops silver at the Prima Baby Awards 2015! Click to read the award-winning review",
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"Yay! Look what arrived in the post! Thanks @NomNomKidsgo for my pouches. My LO can't wait to have a #smoothie x https://t.co/agjMq5jaPw 11 hours ago",
"This site provides information that is for educational purposes only. Please talk to your health care providers (doctors, health care visitors) if you are unsure about using spices in baby food or in the unlikely event that your child appears to be suffering from an allergic reaction. The author cannot be held responsible for any damages resulting from the use of the information within this site.",
"© Zainab Jagot Ahmed and Zainab Jagot Ahmed Indian Baby Food 2012-2016. Unauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and written permission from this blog’s author and/or owner is strictly prohibited. Excerpts and links may be used, provided that full and clear credit is given to Zainab Jagot Ahmed and Zainab Jagot Ahmed Indian Baby Food with appropriate and specific direction to the original content."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Four Ways to Thicken Your Curry Sauce | Zainab Jagot Ahmed | Indian-inspired\nbaby food and toddler food recipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n * About\n * Recipes\n * Weaning with Spices Guide\n * Cooking Tips\n * Cooking Conversion Tables\n * #NoMoreFussyEaters\n * FREE Stuff\n * Awards\n * Events\n * Press\n * Contact Me\n * Christmas\n\n# Four Ways to Thicken Your Curry Sauce\n\nby ZainabJagotAhmed on 10/03/2014\n\nI remember when I first started cooking, my curry sauce was always surrounded\nby little puddles of water, and no amount of simmering combined with vigorous\nstirring would thicken the sauce. It felt like it was taking a lifetime to\nreduce and in the meantime my vegetables would overcook, or my chicken would\ndry out. So there was no other alternative... I would have to pour out some of\nthe water into the sink before I served it up for dinner and hope no one would\nnotice. Oops!\n\nI do however love cooking and I refused to be beaten by ‘the watery curry\nsauce’. So after numerous lessons from my mum, ‘the experienced one’, and\nthrough experimentation of my own; I learnt that adding one key ingredient can\nbe the difference between serving up a rich, luscious curry sauce or having a\nriver running through your curry.\n\nSo here are four different methods you can use to help answer the question I\nam most frequently asked... ‘How can I thicken my curry sauce?’\n\n1\\. Tomato puree/ paste\n\nIdeal for tomato-based sauces so great for Indian and Italian cookery. Adding\ntomato puree is probably the most common method of thickening curry sauces.\nSimply add the tomato puree during the cooking process rather than adding it\nat the end. This will help to thicken your curry or pasta sauce from the\nbeginning, speeding up the cooking time.\n\n2\\. Cornflour\n\nIdeal for Chinese sauces or Thai curries but can also be used for Indian\ncurries. Add one tablespoon of cornflour to two or three tablespoons of cold\nwater and stir. Pour the mixture into the sauce and allow to simmer until the\nsauce begins to thicken. Which doesn’t take very long.\n\n3\\. Yogurt\n\nIdeal for Indian curries and can be used as a cream substitute (which is also\nthickens sauces). This is another common thickening agent used within Indian\ncookery. I like to use Greek style yogurt rather than natural yogurt because\nit’s thick, creamy and it doesn’t tend to curdle in the pan. I would still\nrecommend adding a little at a time though and stirring just to be sure.\nYogurt can be used alone or along with tomato puree depending on what the\nsauce base is.\n\n4\\. Simmer down\n\nIdeal for all curries and sauces, this is the traditional method I was trying\nfor years, and failing miserably at! But it is still necessary even if you use\none of the above key ingredients. Including them in the cooking process just\nensures you won’t need to simmer your curry sauce for as long as you would\nwithout them.\n\nSimply simmer your sauce on low heat (uncovered) until the sauce reduces. If\nyou are cooking vegetables, try reducing the sauce first and then adding the\nvegetables. This will help you to avoid overcooking the vegetables maintaining\nvaluable nutrients for the whole family.\n\nSo there you have it, my top four methods to achieving a fabulously rich curry\nsauce. Some of these methods may not be ‘authentic’ to some cuisines, but it\ngets the job done so I don’t tend to lose much sleep over it. Also, as\nmentioned, using a combination of these key methods will ensure you never see\na runny curry again!\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Tumblr\n * Pinterest\n * Google\n * Reddit\n * LinkedIn\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\n### Related\n\nTags: cornflour, families, greek style yogurt, how to thicken curry sauce,\nIndian baby food, Indian cooking tips, Indian food, parenting, thicker curry\nsauce, tomato paste\n\nFrom: Cooking Tips\n\n← Mushroom and Little Tree Risotto (V)\n\nA Mother’s Day Giveaway | Giftinspiration.com – Ends 24/03 →\n\n7 Comments Post a comment\n\n 1. The Flexible Chef #\n\nYou can also thicken things up a bit with desiccated coconut.\n\n02/02/2016\n\nReply\n\n * ZainabJagotAhmed #\n\nThanks for the tip\n\n03/02/2016\n\nReply\n\n 2. phil #\n\nIf you curry has lots of veg in it, take a couple of ladles full out and\nliquidise in a blender. Stir this back in and it should thicken the curry\nconsiderably.\n\n31/01/2016\n\nReply\n\n * ZainabJagotAhmed #\n\nThanks for the tip Phil\n\n31/01/2016\n\nReply\n\n 3. Fauzan Meidireza (@meidireza) #\n\nA variation of number 3: coconut milk. We often use it in SE Asia so this is\nthe method I’m most familiar with (I’ve never used cream because it’s far more\nexpensive than this coconut milk). Although it doesn’t really thicken the\ncurry that much, it still gives texture and extra sweet and savouriness to the\ncurry.\n\n12/01/2016\n\nReply\n\n * ZainabJagotAhmed #\n\nThat’s great! Thanks for the tip\n\n12/01/2016\n\nReply\n\n 4. Auki #\n\nGreat tips thank you for sharing! Having a bit of aversion to cornflour bases\nI found a good substitute is ground nuts (almond meal or ground cashews). You\nwill need more quantity than flour but the resulting thickening is creamy and\nadds a lovely silky flavour to milder curries.\n\nI used ground cashews in this recipe (it was made up as a ‘joke’ article but\nthe recipe tastes nice at any rate) – http://goo.gl/Az7aBr – thickens it up\nwonderfully\n\n30/09/2015\n\nReply\n\n### Share your thoughts Cancel reply\n\n * ## ORDER TODAY\n\n * ## Order now\n\n * ## CLICK TO VOTE\n\nEasy Indian SuperMeals has been shortlisted for 'best family cookbook' in the\nJunior Design Awards 2016. Your vote counts! Please vote now.\n\n * ## AWARDS\n\nEasy Indian SuperMeals for Babies, Toddlers and the Family scoops silver at\nthe Prima Baby Awards 2015! Click to read the award-winning review\n\n * Easy Indian SuperMeals for Babies, Toddlers and the Family scoops BizzieBaby Gold Award! 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My LO can't wait to have a #smoothie x https://t.co/agjMq5jaPw 11 hours ago\n * RT @tamarafoster39: @MumsnetBooks @ZainabJagAhmed @EburyPublishing Looks fantastic I love cooking new meals x 1 day ago\n * RT @xxpurplerosexx: @MumsnetBooks @ZainabJagAhmed @EburyPublishing #win #easyindiansupermeals wow would love this fingers crossed xx 1 day ago\n\nFollow @ZainabJagAhmed\n\n * ## Recent Posts\n\n * Easy Indian Super Meals – Out Now\n * Seasoned Sweet Potato Fries (V)\n * New Weaning Cookbook – Pre-order today!\n * Coconut Chicken Curry for Babies\n * Roasted Vegetable Lasagne With Herby White Sauce\n * ## Top Posts & Pages\n\n * Four Ways to Thicken Your Curry Sauce\n\n * Recipes\n\n * Takeaway Style Chicken Tikka Kebab\n\n * Cooking Basmati Rice for Babies, Toddlers and the Family\n\n * Coconut Chicken Curry for Babies\n\n * Lamb, Saag (Spinach) and Aloo (Potato) Curry\n\n * Mixed Veggies in Coconut Milk (V)\n\n * Seasoned Sweet Potato Fries (V)\n\n * Easy Indian SuperMeals for Babies, Toddlers and the Family\n\n * Free Cookbook: Download Now\n\n * ## Archives\n\n * ## Categories\n\n * Awards\n * Book\n * Christmas\n * Competitions\n * Cooking Tips\n * Events\n * Family Meals Stage 4: 1-3 years\n * Finger Foods\n * Free Stuff\n * Health and Nutrition\n * Latest News\n * Meal Planners\n * Press\n * Quick Kids Snacks\n * Reviews\n * Stage 2: 7 months plus\n * Stage 3: 10 months plus\n * Uncategorized\n * Weaning Guide\n\n## Disclaimer\n\nThis site provides information that is for educational purposes only. Please\ntalk to your health care providers (doctors, health care visitors) if you are\nunsure about using spices in baby food or in the unlikely event that your\nchild appears to be suffering from an allergic reaction. The author cannot be\nheld responsible for any damages resulting from the use of the information\nwithin this site.\n\n## Copyright\n\n© Zainab Jagot Ahmed and Zainab Jagot Ahmed Indian Baby Food 2012-2016.\nUnauthorized use and/or duplication of this material without express and\nwritten permission from this blog’s author and/or owner is strictly\nprohibited. 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"title": "Indian Curry Gravies: Tricks and Tips.",
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"In Chinese cooking a slurry of corn starch and water is used as a thickener. In American cooking, flour is the most common item used as a thickener. The secret of thick curry gravy in India is ground onions and the dried coriander seed powder. Coriander powder acts like an emulsifier keeping the onion particles suspended in gravy. In tomato based curries, ground tomatoes add to the body. In Korma, ground almonds and cashews make creamy thick sauces. For other creamed sauces, whipping cream, yogurt, and milk of coconut are added.",
"You can make the slurry (thin paste) of corn starch (1 Tablespoon corn starch to 4 Tablespoon of water) and add to curry after the cooking is near complete. The curry must again come to a full boil to properly thicken. Making a slurry prevents the formation of lumps. Citric acid such as lime juice in a gravy will require twice as much corn starch. Over-cooking the gravy will reduce the thickness and for this reason the slurry should always be added near the end of cooking. The corn starch does add to after taste (and should be tested prior to a dinner party), and is not stable for leftovers when re-heated.",
"Blend 2 Tablespoons of Maida with 2 Table spoons of cooking fat (Ghee, oil, or butter). Blending will prevent formation of lumps.",
"Add a cup of broth from the curry. Mix well. Return to curry. Bring it to a boil and simmer for 4 to five minutes.",
"Arrowroot is used in the same fashion as corn starch. It is more stable than corn starch without any after taste.",
"If there is just not enough gravy in the curry you need a curry extender. There are two curry extenders used in Indian cuisine: Tomato, and Creamy. Tomato Curry extender is a general purpose extender and not just for Tomato based curries. Curry extenders add additional amount of gravy to an existing curry. After the extender is added, the curry should be stirred and simmered for about 5 minutes to allow all the flavours to blend in. All the recipes here will make one cup of extender.",
"Cook Maida paste in a heavy bottom pan on low to medium heat till it starts to bubble stirring constantly cooking about 3 minutes.",
"At this point, you may add a standard curry powder of your choice. Or simply Turmeric powder, salt and cayenne. Cook stirring constantly for about two minutes.",
"Cook Maida and Ghee in a heavy bottom pan on low to medium heat till it starts to turn brown. Stir constantly during this process to eliminate scorching. It will take about five minutes.",
"Please\"click\" on the recipe title of interest to fully open the description, if it isn't already, to allow \"comments\" that you may wish to make. The comments area will be seen at the end of the relevant recipe.",
"This converter is a plain English utility. Type the amount and the unit name which you wish to convert from in the upper line and then in the lower line type the units name you wish to convert to. Then click the \"Submit\" button",
"It is safest to type in the complete name of the unit rather than an abbreviation, because of the possibility of ambiguity.",
"If you wish to convert a volume of some ingredient into a weight, a conversion facility I have used for this purpose is"
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"parsed_md": "Indian Curry Gravies: Tricks and Tips.\n\n * focus\n * recipe-list\n * kitchen\n * contact\n * safety\n * grow YO\n * links\n * glossaries\n\n# straight forward recipes\n\n## Indian Curry Gravies: Tricks and Tips.\n\nPosted by Kroocrew on Thursday, June 24, 2010 Under: India\n\nHow to thicken curry gravy? How to extend curry gravy?\n\nHow to thicken curry gravy? Ground onions and coriander powder are key\n\nIn Chinese cooking a slurry of corn starch and water is used as a thickener.\nIn American cooking, flour is the most common item used as a thickener. The\nsecret of thick curry gravy in India is ground onions and the dried coriander\nseed powder. Coriander powder acts like an emulsifier keeping the onion\nparticles suspended in gravy. In tomato based curries, ground tomatoes add to\nthe body. In Korma, ground almonds and cashews make creamy thick sauces. For\nother creamed sauces, whipping cream, yogurt, and milk of coconut are added.\n\n * Corn Starch\n\nYou can make the slurry (thin paste) of corn starch (1 Tablespoon corn starch\nto 4 Tablespoon of water) and add to curry after the cooking is near complete.\nThe curry must again come to a full boil to properly thicken. Making a slurry\nprevents the formation of lumps. Citric acid such as lime juice in a gravy\nwill require twice as much corn starch. Over-cooking the gravy will reduce the\nthickness and for this reason the slurry should always be added near the end\nof cooking. The corn starch does add to after taste (and should be tested\nprior to a dinner party), and is not stable for leftovers when re-heated.\n\n 1. 1 Tablespoon of corn starch will thicken 1 Cup of curry liquid.\n\n * All purpose flour (Maida)\n\n 1. Blend 2 Tablespoons of Maida with 2 Table spoons of cooking fat (Ghee, oil, or butter). Blending will prevent formation of lumps.\n 2. Heat a pan to low, add the blended Maida. Cook till it starts to turn brown.\n 3. Add a cup of broth from the curry. Mix well. Return to curry. Bring it to a boil and simmer for 4 to five minutes.\n 4. 2 Tablespoons of Maida will thicken 1 Cup of curry liquid.\n\n * Arrowroot\n\nArrowroot is used in the same fashion as corn starch. It is more stable than\ncorn starch without any after taste.\n\n 1. 1 Tablespoon of arrowroot will thicken 1 Cup of curry liquid.\n\nHow to extend curry gravy?\n\nIf there is just not enough gravy in the curry you need a curry extender.\nThere are two curry extenders used in Indian cuisine: Tomato, and Creamy.\nTomato Curry extender is a general purpose extender and not just for Tomato\nbased curries. Curry extenders add additional amount of gravy to an existing\ncurry. After the extender is added, the curry should be stirred and simmered\nfor about 5 minutes to allow all the flavours to blend in. All the recipes\nhere will make one cup of extender.\n\nTomato Curry Gravy Extender\n\nIngredients:\n\n * All Purpose Flour (Maida): 2 Tablespoons\n * Ghee: 2 Tablespoons\n * Water: 1 Cup\n * Turmeric Powder: 1/8th teaspoon\n * Salt: 1⁄4 teaspoon or to taste\n * Ground Cayenne: 1/8th teaspoon or to taste\n * Degi Mirch (Paprika): 1⁄4 teaspoon\n\nMethod:\n\n 1. Combine Maida, Ghee to form a paste.\n 2. Cook Maida paste in a heavy bottom pan on low to medium heat till it starts to bubble stirring constantly cooking about 3 minutes.\n 3. At this point, you may add a standard curry powder of your choice. Or simply Turmeric powder, salt and cayenne. Cook stirring constantly for about two minutes.\n 4. This is the time to add sweet aromatic spices such as Garam Masala .\n 5. Gradually add water, stirring constantly. Bring it to a boil.\n 6. Simmer for about five minutes till it thickens.\n\nCreamy Curry Gravy Extender\n\nIngredients:\n\n * All Purpose Flour (Maida): 2 Tablespoons\n * Ghee: 2 Tablespoons\n * Milk: 1 Cup\n * Salt: 1⁄4 teaspoon or to taste\n * White ground pepper: 1/8th teaspoon or to taste\n\nMethod:\n\n 1. Combine Maida and Ghee to form a paste.\n 2. Cook Maida and Ghee in a heavy bottom pan on low to medium heat till it starts to turn brown. Stir constantly during this process to eliminate scorching. It will take about five minutes.\n\nIn : India\n\nNext post: Pulut Serawa...\n\nPrevious post: Phulkopir Paturi...\n\nTags: vegetarian\n\n« Back to posts\n\nEdiblyAsian\n\n# EdiblyAsian\n\nsite search by freefind|\n\nadvanced \n \n---|--- \n \nPlease\"click\" on the recipe title of interest to fully open the description,\nif it isn't already, to allow \"comments\" that you may wish to make. The\ncomments area will be seen at the end of the relevant recipe.\n\n * Single measurement conversion\n\n* This converter is a plain English utility. Type the amount and the unit name which you wish to convert from in the upper line and then in the lower line type the units name you wish to convert to. Then click the \"Submit\" button\n* It is safest to type in the complete name of the unit rather than an abbreviation, because of the possibility of ambiguity.\n\nIf you wish to convert a volume of some ingredient into a weight, a conversion\nfacility I have used for this purpose is\n\n"
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"title": "Simple ways for how to thicken a runny curry sauce.",
"passages": [
"Have you ever found yourself cooking up a curry and then realized that the sauce is going to end up way too runny?",
"For years I have been thickening my curries by adding cornflour. To do this I normally add a couple of teaspoons of cornflour into a small bowl on the side. Then I mix it up with water and add the mixture to the curry. Instant fix!",
"There are many vegetables, that can be pureed into a sauce that can be used to help thicken the consistency of your curry. Some examples that you could use:",
"Heres the thing.. sometimes you just need a fix in a real hurry, and one super quick method is just to add some plain yoghurt.",
"Not everyone has cornflour in their cupboard, but most people do have plain old flour. You can whip up a bit of flour and water, maybe add some butter if you like, and before you know it your curry will have the consistency of a thick soup.",
"If you mash up potato enough it becomes like mush when mixed with liquid. If you are planning on having some spud in your curry anyway you might as well use it to it’s best advantage and kill two birds with one stone.",
"The final technique I am going to share with you is one of the simplest. This is approaching the problem from a different angle.",
"If you don’t want to add a thickener to increase the thickness, what you can do is remove some of the runniness in the sauce and to do this just remove the lid and let it simmer for a while.",
"More than once I have been stuck in a loop of thicken, thin, thicken, thin until finally I have managed to get it to the perfect consistency.",
"Do you have any other methods that you use to thicken a curry that you would like to share? Let us know."
]
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"parsed_md": "Simple ways for how to thicken a runny curry sauce.\n\nSkip to content\n\nChicken Curry and Beyond – The CurryFocus Blog\n\nReviews of CurryFocus recipes and articles about dishes, ingredients and all\nkinds of curry information\n\nInformation\n\n# How To Thicken A Curry Sauce That is Too Runny – Quickly\n\nPosted on January 30, 2016 by Rob Stg\n\nHave you ever found yourself cooking up a curry and then realized that the\nsauce is going to end up way too runny?\n\nFor years I have been thickening my curries by adding cornflour. To do this I\nnormally add a couple of teaspoons of cornflour into a small bowl on the side.\nThen I mix it up with water and add the mixture to the curry. Instant fix!\n\nThe other day however, I had a problem.\n\nI was out of cornflour.\n\nLuckily , there is more than one way to thicken a curry sauce and here are\nsome other methods:\n\nImage: flickr\n\n## Thickening curry with tomato paste or a puree\n\nThere are many vegetables, that can be pureed into a sauce that can be used to\nhelp thicken the consistency of your curry. Some examples that you could use:\n\n * Onions\n * Lentils\n * tomatoes\n\n## How To thicken a curry sauce with yoghurt\n\nHeres the thing.. sometimes you just need a fix in a real hurry, and one super\nquick method is just to add some plain yoghurt.\n\nYou don’t want it to curdle though so make sure you:\n\n * Don’t have the heat up too much\n * Use whole milk/high fat yoghurt\n * Add it last after the curry is already cooked and cooled down a bit\n\n## Flour to make sauce less runny\n\nNot everyone has cornflour in their cupboard, but most people do have plain\nold flour. You can whip up a bit of flour and water, maybe add some butter if\nyou like, and before you know it your curry will have the consistency of a\nthick soup.\n\nImage: flickr\n\n## Mash up that potato\n\nIf you mash up potato enough it becomes like mush when mixed with liquid. If\nyou are planning on having some spud in your curry anyway you might as well\nuse it to it’s best advantage and kill two birds with one stone.\n\n## Simmer it off\n\nThe final technique I am going to share with you is one of the simplest. This\nis approaching the problem from a different angle.\n\nIf you don’t want to add a thickener to increase the thickness, what you can\ndo is remove some of the runniness in the sauce and to do this just remove the\nlid and let it simmer for a while.\n\n## What if my curry is now too thick?\n\nUnfortunately some of these methods can occasionally work too well.\n\nMore than once I have been stuck in a loop of thicken, thin, thicken, thin\nuntil finally I have managed to get it to the perfect consistency.\n\nTo thin it out a bit is really simple – just add a little bit of water.\n\nDo you have any other methods that you use to thicken a curry that you would\nlike to share? Let us know.\n\n(Visited 48,674 time, 12 visit today)\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Tweet\n * Share on Tumblr\n * Email\n * Print\n\nCurry Sauce, Curry Tips\n\nRob Stg\n\nView all posts by Rob Stg →\n\n## You might also like\n\n## Most Popular Articles Today\n\n * How To Thicken A Curry Sauce That is Too Runny...\n * Roti, Chapati, Puri, Paratha, Naan and Other Indian Breads\n * How to Cool Down a Curry\n * Thai Curry Types\n * What is a Tindaloo Curry?\n * What is a Balti Curry?\n * What Are Fennel And Fenugreek?\n * Massaman Chickpea Curry Recipe Review\n * When Is the Oil Ready for Cooking?\n * Filipino Chicken Curry Recipe Review\n\n© 2019 Chicken Curry and Beyond – The CurryFocus Blog\n\nPowered by WordPress | Theme: Graphy by Themegraphy\n\n"
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1,279,192 | How To Remove Mildew from Canvas Awnings | To remove mildew from a canvas awning, you can use your own cleaning solution made with bleach. First, brush off any dirt and debris from the awning with a broom. If possible, take your awning off of its frame and clean it on a flat surface to make the process easier. Once you’ve brushed everything off, hose the awning down until it’s completely wet to make it easier for the cleaning solution to spread. Then, prepare your cleaning solution by mixing 1 cup bleach, 1/4 cup mild liquid soap, and a gallon of cool water in a bucket. Dip the awning into the mixture, covering every inch of the fabric, and give it 15 minutes to soak. After the cleaning solution has had time to soak, scrub the top of the fabric with a soft-bristled brush before rinsing it off with the hose. To dry your awning, either hang it on a clothesline or let it sit on its frame. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190423101834/https://www.sunbrella.com/en-us/how-to-clean/clean-sunbrella-shade-fabrics",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20200809231935/https://cleancanvas.com/mildews-donts/"
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"title": "Clean Sunbrella^® Shade Fabrics",
"passages": [
"One of the best ways to keep Sunbrella fabrics looking good is to hose fabrics off on a monthly basis with clear water. This helps prevent dirt from becoming deeply embedded in the fabric and eliminates the need for more frequent vigorous cleaning. In most environments, a thorough cleaning will be needed every two to three years.",
"When it's time for a thorough cleaning, Sunbrella fabrics can be cleaned while still on an awning frame or, size permitting, they can be removed to aid in the cleaning of stubborn stains or for professional cleaning.",
"If stubborn stains persist, you can use a diluted bleach/soap mixture for spot cleaning of mildew. For roof run-off or other similar stains a strong degreaser may be required.",
"Sunbrella fabrics do not promote mildew growth, however, mildew may grow on dirt and other foreign substances that are not removed from the fabric. To clean stubborn stains:",
"Clean with soft bristle brush. Note: This step should be avoided when cleaning the coated side (Back side) of Sunbrella Plus, Supreme, or Clarity.",
"Note: Use caution when cleaning the coated (underside) of Sunbrella Plus, Supreme, or Clarity with the recommended bleach solution. The coated side of the fabric should only be sprayed with the recommended bleach solution and rinsed thoroughly.",
"Remember to protect the area around your Sunbrella if using a bleach solution. Carpet or other fabrics that are not Sunbrella may have an adverse reaction to the bleach.",
"Sunbrella fabrics are treated with a proprietary water and stain repellent finish that is designed to last for several years, but may require replenishing after a thorough cleaning. Glen Raven^® recommends 303^® Fabric Guard^TM, available in the United States, and Tex’Aktiv, available internationally.",
"You may have access to professional awning cleaning firms. In evaluating the services of a professional firm, you should inquire about a firm's experience in working with Sunbrella fabrics and knowledge of cleaning and re-treatment requirements.",
"Protect the area around the Sunbrella fabric when using a bleach solution - bleach may discolor non-Sunbrella fabrics. Always rinse Sunbrella thoroughly to completely remove bleach.",
"Please be aware of the environment when cleaning with bleach. Bleach can have harmful effects on the natural environment around you. We do not advise using bleach if you are surrounded by a body of water or other environment that could be affected.",
"Use of bleach and/or advanced age of the fabric application may impact the deterioration of the sewing thread and other non-Sunbrella components."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Clean Sunbrella Shade Fabrics | Sunbrella Fabrics\n\nNorth America\n\nEnglish (US)\n\n * How To Clean\n * Clean Sunbrella Shade Fabrics\n\n# Clean Sunbrella^® Shade Fabrics\n\nOne of the best ways to keep Sunbrella fabrics looking good is to hose fabrics\noff on a monthly basis with clear water. This helps prevent dirt from becoming\ndeeply embedded in the fabric and eliminates the need for more frequent\nvigorous cleaning. In most environments, a thorough cleaning will be needed\nevery two to three years.\n\nDownload Cleaning Instructions PDF\n\n×\n\nChoose Language\n\n * Deutsch\n * English (US)\n * Español\n * Français\n * Italiano\n * Nederlands\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Svenska\n * Tiếng Việt\n * Türkçe\n * русский язык\n * العَرَبِيةُ\n * ไทย\n * 中文\n * 日本語\n\nChoose Region\n\nNorth America\n\n * Anguilla\n * Antigua and Barbuda\n * Aruba\n * Bahamas, The\n * Barbados\n * Bermuda\n * Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba\n * British Virgin Islands\n * Canada\n * Cayman Islands\n * Cuba\n * Curacao\n * Dominica\n * Dominican Republic\n * Greenland\n * Grenada\n * Guadeloupe\n * Haiti\n * Jamaica\n * Martinique\n * Mexico\n * Puerto Rico\n * Saint Barthelemy\n * Saint Kitts and Nevis\n * Saint Lucia\n * Saint Martin\n * Saint Vincent and the Grenadines\n * Sint Maarten\n * Trinidad and Tobago\n * Turks and Caicos Islands\n * United States\n * US Virgin Islands\n\nLatin America\n\n * Argentina\n * Belize\n * Bolivia\n * Brazil\n * Chile\n * Colombia\n * Costa Rica\n * Ecuador\n * El Salvador\n * French Guiana\n * Guatemala\n * Guyana\n * Honduras\n * Nicaragua\n * Panama\n * Paraguay\n * Peru\n * Suriname\n * Uruguay\n * Venezuela\n\nEurope\n\n * Albania\n * Andorra\n * Austria\n * Belarus\n * Belgium\n * Bosnia and Herzegovina\n * Bulgaria\n * Croatia\n * Cyprus\n * Czech Republic\n * Denmark\n * Estonia\n * Faroe Islands\n * Finland\n * France\n * Germany\n * Gibraltar\n * Greece\n * Hungary\n * Iceland\n * Ireland\n * Italy\n * Kosovo\n * Latvia\n * Liechtenstein\n * Lithuania\n * Luxembourg\n * Macedonia\n * Malta\n * Moldova\n * Monaco\n * Montenegro\n * Netherlands\n * Norway\n * Poland\n * Portugal\n * Romania\n * Russia\n * San Marino\n * Serbia\n * Slovakia\n * Slovenia\n * Spain\n * Sweden\n * Switzerland\n * Ukraine\n * United Kingdom\n * Vatican City\n\nAsia\n\n * Afghanistan\n * Armenia\n * Azerbaijan\n * Bahrain\n * Bangladesh\n * Bhutan\n * Brunei\n * Cambodia\n * China\n * East Timor\n * Georgia\n * Hong Kong\n * India\n * Indonesia\n * Iran\n * Iraq\n * Israel\n * Japan\n * Jordan\n * Kazakhstan\n * Korea\n * Kuwait\n * Kyrgyzstan\n * Laos\n * Lebanon\n * Macau\n * Malaysia\n * Maldives\n * Mongolia\n * Myanmar\n * Nepal\n * Oman\n * Pakistan\n * Palestine\n * Philippines\n * Qatar\n * Saudi Arabia\n * Singapore\n * Sri Lanka\n * Syria\n * Taiwan\n * Tajikistan\n * Thailand\n * Turkey\n * Turkmenistan\n * United Arab Emirates\n * Uzbekistan\n * Vietnam\n * Yemen\n\nOceania\n\n * American Samoa\n * Australia\n * Cocos (Keeling) Islands\n * Cook Islands\n * Fiji\n * French Polynesia\n * Guam\n * Marshall Islands\n * New Caledonia\n * New Zealand\n * Northern Mariana Islands\n * Palau\n * Papua New Guinea\n * Samoa\n * Solomon Islands\n * Tokelau\n * Tonga\n * Vanuatu\n\nAfrica\n\n * Algeria\n * Angola\n * Benin\n * Botswana\n * Burkina Faso\n * Burundi\n * Cameroon\n * Cape Verde\n * Central African Republic\n * Chad\n * Comoros\n * Congo, Democratic Republic of the\n * Congo, Republic of the\n * Djibouti\n * Egypt\n * Equatorial Guinea\n * Eritrea\n * Ethiopia\n * Gabon\n * Gambia, The\n * Ghana\n * Guinea\n * Guinea-Bissau\n * Ivory Coast\n * Kenya\n * Lesotho\n * Liberia\n * Libya\n * Madagascar\n * Malawi\n * Mali\n * Mauritania\n * Mauritius\n * Mayotte\n * Morocco\n * Mozambique\n * Namibia\n * Niger\n * Nigeria\n * Reunion\n * Rwanda\n * Sao Tome and Principe\n * Senegal\n * Seychelles\n * Sierra Leone\n * Somalia\n * South Africa\n * South Sudan\n * Sudan\n * Swaziland\n * Tanzania\n * Togo\n * Tunisia\n * Uganda\n * Western Sahara\n * Zambia\n * Zimbabwe\n\nWhen it's time for a thorough cleaning, Sunbrella fabrics can be cleaned while\nstill on an awning frame or, size permitting, they can be removed to aid in\nthe cleaning of stubborn stains or for professional cleaning.\n\n#### General Or Light Cleaning\n\nTo clean Sunbrella while still on an awning frame:\n\n * Brush off loose dirt.\n * Hose down.\n * Prepare a cleaning solution of water and mild soap such as Woolite or Dawn dishwashing liquid.\n * Use a soft bristle brush to clean.\n * Allow cleaning solution to soak into the fabric.\n * Rinse thoroughly until all soap residue is removed.\n * Air dry.\n * May not require re-treatment depending on the age of the fabric.\n\nIf stubborn stains persist, you can use a diluted bleach/soap mixture for spot\ncleaning of mildew. For roof run-off or other similar stains a strong\ndegreaser may be required.\n\nSee our Stain Chart for specifc recommendations.\n\n#### Heavy Cleaning For Stubborn Stains And Mildew\n\nSunbrella fabrics do not promote mildew growth, however, mildew may grow on\ndirt and other foreign substances that are not removed from the fabric. To\nclean stubborn stains:\n\n * Prepare a solution of 1 cup of bleach and one fourth cup mild soap per gallon of clean water.\n * Allow mixture to soak into fabric for up to 15 minutes.\n * Clean with soft bristle brush. Note: This step should be avoided when cleaning the coated side (Back side) of Sunbrella Plus, Supreme, or Clarity.\n * Rinse thoroughly until all soap residue is removed.\n * Air dry.\n * Repeat if necessary.\n * Re-treatment of fabric for water and stain resistance will be necessary after using bleach solution.\n\nNote: Use caution when cleaning the coated (underside) of Sunbrella Plus,\nSupreme, or Clarity with the recommended bleach solution. The coated side of\nthe fabric should only be sprayed with the recommended bleach solution and\nrinsed thoroughly.\n\nRemember to protect the area around your Sunbrella if using a bleach solution.\nCarpet or other fabrics that are not Sunbrella may have an adverse reaction to\nthe bleach.\n\n#### Retreating Sunbrella Fabrics\n\nSunbrella fabrics are treated with a proprietary water and stain repellent\nfinish that is designed to last for several years, but may require\nreplenishing after a thorough cleaning. Glen Raven^® recommends 303^® Fabric\nGuard^TM, available in the United States, and Tex’Aktiv, available\ninternationally.\n\n##### Applying a retreatment:\n\n * Clean Sunbrella fabric, using one of the cleaning methods.\n * Allow Sunbrella to completely air dry.\n * Apply retreatment in a well-ventilated area following instructions on the container.\n\n#### Professional Awning Cleaners\n\nYou may have access to professional awning cleaning firms. In evaluating the\nservices of a professional firm, you should inquire about a firm's experience\nin working with Sunbrella fabrics and knowledge of cleaning and re-treatment\nrequirements.\n\n#### Helpful Hints\n\nProtect the area around the Sunbrella fabric when using a bleach solution -\nbleach may discolor non-Sunbrella fabrics. Always rinse Sunbrella thoroughly\nto completely remove bleach.\n\nPlease be aware of the environment when cleaning with bleach. Bleach can have\nharmful effects on the natural environment around you. We do not advise using\nbleach if you are surrounded by a body of water or other environment that\ncould be affected.\n\nSunbrella should only be allowed to air dry.\n\nUse of bleach and/or advanced age of the fabric application may impact the\ndeterioration of the sewing thread and other non-Sunbrella components.\n\nFor more information, call 336.221.2211\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://kohlerawning.com:80/fabric-cleaning/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161111113249/http://kohlerawning.com:80/fabric-cleaning/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Awning Fabric Cleaning",
"passages": [
"Kohler Awning has been delivering tailored solutions, and superior products to residential and commercial customers in the Western New York area for more than 85 years.",
"Kohler Awning is your source for custom awning and shade products. By providing the highest quality service and design innovation we've grown to be the largest awning provider in the WNY area.",
"One of the best way to keep Sunbrella fabrics looking good and to delay deep or vigorous cleanings is to properly maintain the fabrics. This can be accomplished by simply brushing off dirt before it becomes embedded in the fabric, wiping up spills as soon as they occur, or spot cleaning soon after stains occur.",
"If stubborn stains persist, you can use a diluted chlorine bleach/soap mixture for spot cleaning of mildew, roof run-off or other similar stains (see our Stain Chart for specific recommendations).",
"View the Sunbrella fabric Stain chart. Sunbrella fabric does not promote mildew growth, however mildew may grow on dirt and other foreign substances that are not removed from the fabric. To clean mildew or other stubborn stains:",
"Remember to protect the area around your Sunbrella fabric if using a bleach solution. Carpet or other fabrics that are not Sunbrella may have an adverse reaction to the bleach. If an awning is suitable in size for a washing machine, these steps should be followed:",
"As part of the finishing process, Sunbrella fabrics are treated with a fluorocarbon finish, which enhances water repellency. This finish is designed to last for several years, but must be replenished after a thorough cleaning. Based on test results, Glen Raven recommends 303 High Tech Fabric GuardTM as the preferred re-treatment product for Sunbrella fabrics.",
"303 should be applied to Sunbrella fabrics after each thorough cleaning, which typically removes the original finish and reduces the fabric’s water repellency.",
"Apply a second thin, even coating of 303. (Two light coatings are more effective in restoring fabric water resistance than a single heavy coating. A 15-ounce bottle provides coverage of up to 50 square feet of fabric.) You can purchase 303 High Tech Fabric Guard here.",
"For professional awning cleaning, contact Kohler Awning for more information. Kohler has the experience of working with Sunbrella fabrics and knowledge of cleaning and re-treatment requirements.",
"Protect the area around the Sunbrella fabric when using a bleach solution – bleach may discolor non-Sunbrella fabrics. Always rinse Sunbrella thoroughly to completely remove bleach.",
"If fabric has some wrinkling, use an iron, if necessary, but only on the synthetic* setting. As some irons exceed the recommended 100°F/38°C temperature on the synthetic setting, test a small, inconspicuous area before ironing entire piece.",
"Use of bleach and/or advanced age of the fabric application may impact the deterioration of the sewing thread and other non-Sunbrella components."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Awning Fabric Cleaning - Kohler Awning\n\n * Home\n * |Fabric\n\n * Sunbrella\n * |Sattler\n * |Dickson Fabrics\n * |Screen & Shade Fabrics\n * |Scallop and Braid Choices\n * |Product Gallery\n\n * |Residential Awnings\n * |Retractable Awnings\n * |Aluminum Awnings\n * |Commercial Awnings\n * |Screens and Shades\n * |Maintenance\n\n * |Awning Service\n * |Fabric Cleaning\n * |Awning Warranty\n * |About Us\n\n * |Awning Reviews\n * |Contact Us\n\n * |Contact Kohler Awning\n * |Visit Our Showroom\n\n * Kohler Awning has been delivering tailored solutions, and superior products to residential and commercial customers in the Western New York area for more than 85 years.\n\nKohler Awning is your source for custom awning and shade products. By\nproviding the highest quality service and design innovation we've grown to be\nthe largest awning provider in the WNY area.\n\nOne of the best way to keep Sunbrella fabrics looking good and to delay deep\nor vigorous cleanings is to properly maintain the fabrics. This can be\naccomplished by simply brushing off dirt before it becomes embedded in the\nfabric, wiping up spills as soon as they occur, or spot cleaning soon after\nstains occur.\n\nWhen cleaning Sunbrella fabrics, it is important to observe the following:\n\n 1. Always use a mild soap such as Ivory Snow, Dreft or Woolite.\n 2. Water should be cold to lukewarm. (Never more than 100°F/38°C.)\n 3. Rinse thoroughly to remove all soap residue.\n 4. Air dry only. Never apply heat to Sunbrella fabrics.\n\n### General or Light Cleaning\n\nTo clean Sunbrella fabric while still on an awning frame, follow these simple\nsteps:\n\n 1. Brush off loose dirt.\n 2. Hose down.\n 3. Prepare a cleaning solution of water and mild soap such as Ivory Snow, Dreft, or Woolite (no detergents).\n 4. Use a soft bristle brush to clean.\n 5. Allow cleaning solution to soak into the fabric.\n 6. Rinse thoroughly until all soap residue is removed.\n 7. Air dry.\n 8. May not require re-treatment depending on the age of the fabric.\n 9. If stubborn stains persist, you can use a diluted chlorine bleach/soap mixture for spot cleaning of mildew, roof run-off or other similar stains (see our Stain Chart for specific recommendations).\n\n### Heavy Cleaning for Stubborn Stains and Mildew\n\nView the Sunbrella fabric Stain chart. Sunbrella fabric does not promote\nmildew growth, however mildew may grow on dirt and other foreign substances\nthat are not removed from the fabric. To clean mildew or other stubborn\nstains:\n\n 1. Eight ounces (1 cup) of chlorine bleach.\n 2. Two ounces (1/4 cup) of mild soap and/or detergent.\n 3. One gallon of water.\n 4. Clean with soft bristle brush.\n 5. Allow mixture to soak into fabric for up to 15 minutes.\n 6. Rinse thoroughly until all soap residue is removed.\n 7. Air dry.\n 8. Repeat if necessary.\n 9. Re-treatment of fabric for water and stain resistance will be necessary.\n\nRemember to protect the area around your Sunbrella fabric if using a bleach\nsolution. Carpet or other fabrics that are not Sunbrella may have an adverse\nreaction to the bleach. If an awning is suitable in size for a washing\nmachine, these steps should be followed:\n\n 1. Use mild soap and/or detergent.\n 2. For heavier stains add 1 cup of bleach to wash.\n 3. Wash and rinse in cold water.\n 4. Air dry. Never apply heat to Sunbrella.\n 5. Re-treatment for water and stain resistance will be necessary after machine washing.\n\n### Re-treating the Fabric\n\nAs part of the finishing process, Sunbrella fabrics are treated with a\nfluorocarbon finish, which enhances water repellency. This finish is designed\nto last for several years, but must be replenished after a thorough cleaning.\nBased on test results, Glen Raven recommends 303 High Tech Fabric GuardTM as\nthe preferred re-treatment product for Sunbrella fabrics.\n\n### Applying 303 High Tech Fabric Guard\n\n303 should be applied to Sunbrella fabrics after each thorough cleaning, which\ntypically removes the original finish and reduces the fabric’s water\nrepellency.\n\n 1. Clean Sunbrella fabric, using one of the cleaning methods.\n 2. Allow Sunbrella to completely air dry.\n 3. Apply 303 Fabric Guard in a well ventilated area following instructions on the container.\n 4. Apply 303 in a thin, even coat and allow fabric to dry completely.\n 5. Apply a second thin, even coating of 303. (Two light coatings are more effective in restoring fabric water resistance than a single heavy coating. A 15-ounce bottle provides coverage of up to 50 square feet of fabric.) You can purchase 303 High Tech Fabric Guard here.\n\n### Professional Awning Cleaners\n\nFor professional awning cleaning, contact Kohler Awning for more information.\nKohler has the experience of working with Sunbrella fabrics and knowledge of\ncleaning and re-treatment requirements.\n\nDO NOT dry clean Sunbrella fabrics.\n\n### Helpful Hints\n\n * Protect the area around the Sunbrella fabric when using a bleach solution – bleach may discolor non-Sunbrella fabrics. Always rinse Sunbrella thoroughly to completely remove bleach.\n * Sunbrella air dries very quickly. Machine drying is not necessary.\n * If fabric has some wrinkling, use an iron, if necessary, but only on the synthetic* setting. As some irons exceed the recommended 100°F/38°C temperature on the synthetic setting, test a small, inconspicuous area before ironing entire piece.\n * DO NOT use a steamer or iron set to steam setting.\n * Use of bleach and/or advanced age of the fabric application may impact the deterioration of the sewing thread and other non-Sunbrella components.\n\n * Awnings and Solar Shades\n\n * Retractable Awnings\n * Residential Awnings\n * Commercial Awnings\n * Solar Screens\n * Interior Shades\n\n * Helpful Links\n\n * Awning Service\n * Awning Fabric Cleaning\n * Kohler Awning Warranty\n * Awning Reviews\n\n * Customer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * Visit Our Showroom\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * ### Follow Kohler Awning\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.goldeagle.com/tips-tools/how-clean-your-rv-awning-remove-stains-seal-and-protect/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200920002718/https://www.goldeagle.com/tips-tools/how-clean-your-rv-awning-remove-stains-seal-and-protect/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Clean Your RV Awning: Remove Stains and Protect",
"passages": [
"When it comes to mobile living, awnings are great additions to RVs, campers and even trailers. To help ensure your awning provides years of reliable, trouble-free operation, we’ve put together this list you can use to guide you through proper cleaning of an rv awning and preventive maintenance.",
"First, know what material you’re working with: Properly caring for a vinyl awning is not the same as cleaning a fabric awning. Most vinyl RV awnings are made from premium grade “marine quality” vinyl. Fabric canopies, on the other hand, are actually solution-dyed acrylic fabric.",
"Most high-quality fabric awnings (often referred to as “acrylic” or “canvas”) are made by Sunbrella®. This breathable outdoor textile has a high tolerance for UV rays and dries quickly. Its special finish makes it resistant to water and oil-based stains. Over time, this repellent finish can fade. When this occurs, your once quick-drying awning may instead get damp. Left untreated, the material can become permanently soiled. It might even begin to leak.",
"Vinyl awning fabric is mildew resistant, but not necessarily mildew-proof. Mildew, which forms on the dirt and dust that collects on vinyl fabric, can be particularly troublesome in warm, humid climates and if the fabric is stored when wet.",
"When treated properly, vinyl awnings clean up so easily that special cleaning solutions are virtually never required. And because most “awning cleaners” contain bleach and other components that are harmful to vinyl, avoiding such products means your awning will last much longer.",
"2. Protect Once thoroughly cleaned, treat the awning with a surface protectant. For fabric awnings, use a commercial-grade fabric guard. (Note that consumer-grade fabric protectors do not adequately shield outdoor fabrics from the elements.) For vinyl awnings, select a high-quality surface protectant.",
"Tip: Silicone water repellent treatments are commonly available, but should never be used on Sunbrella awnings. Doing so can void the factory warranty.",
"3. Reapply By periodically reapplying a protectant spray, your awning will stay cleaner longer and dry much faster. And since protected awnings are less likely to be damp when rolled up and stored, mildew and stains are less likely.",
"* Customer Support | Sep 13, 2018 at 3:53pm\nHi, Edd. To clean the awning we recommend 303® Multi-Surface Cleaner, this is a general cleaner that can be used on anything that can be washed with water. Then to protect it, if the awning is fabric we recommend 303® Fabric Guard. But if the awning is a vinyl/plastic we recommend 303® Automotive Protectant. If you have any other questions please contact consumer support at proudcttechsupport@goldeagle.com",
"My wife and I have been thinking about getting caravan annexes for our caravan. One of the questions we had was how to care for the annexes. Thanks for this article, I wouldn’t have thought about rubbing wax on it to prevent dripping.",
"you still didn’t say how to tell one from the other. is there a difference in texture? is one glossy or not? are there identifying signs that indicate which is which? I still don’t know how to tell one by looking at it. thanks. for the other information, but I don’t know which one to use. I bought a used coachmen mirada but have no idea if it’s original.",
"* Customer Support | Feb 21, 2019 at 10:23am\nWe recommend to check with the manufacturer of the awning to determine the exact material of the cover if you are unsure. However, a canvas/fabric material we would recommend the 303 Fabric Guard. If you have a vinyl then we would recommend the 303 Aerospace Protecant. If you have any other questions please contact consumer support at producttechsupport@goldeagle.com",
"* Mary Dorry | Aug 13, 2019 at 8:05pm\nIn one paragraph you recommend for vinyl awnings 303 automotive and the last paragraph you mention 303 aerospace protectant. Please clarify.",
"* Customer Support | Aug 14, 2019 at 1:51pm\nHi, Mary. The only difference between the two is simply the label. They have different labels for different markets but they are both the same formula and mode of application. So whichever one you choose will be a great choice! Thanks for stopping by!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Clean Your RV Awning: Remove Stains and Protect | Gold Eagle Co\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\nclose X\n\n * Login\n * My Cart\n\n * STA-BIL®\n * 303®\n * TriNova®\n * HEET®\n * View All Brands\n\n * 104+® Performance\n * AlumAseal®\n * DieselPower!®\n * Gold Eagle®\n * No Leak®\n\nBack to Blog\n\nBlog / Powersports and Recreation\n\nShare\n\n# How To Clean Your RV Awning: Remove Stains, Seal And Protect\n\nWhen it comes to mobile living, awnings are great additions to RVs, campers\nand even trailers. To help ensure your awning provides years of reliable,\ntrouble-free operation, we’ve put together this list you can use to guide you\nthrough proper cleaning of an rv awning and preventive maintenance.\n\n## Vinyl Awnings vs. Fabric Awnings\n\nFirst, know what material you’re working with: Properly caring for a vinyl\nawning is not the same as cleaning a fabric awning. Most vinyl RV awnings are\nmade from premium grade “marine quality” vinyl. Fabric canopies, on the other\nhand, are actually solution-dyed acrylic fabric.\n\n### Fabric Awnings\n\nMost high-quality fabric awnings (often referred to as “acrylic” or “canvas”)\nare made by Sunbrella®. This breathable outdoor textile has a high tolerance\nfor UV rays and dries quickly. Its special finish makes it resistant to water\nand oil-based stains. Over time, this repellent finish can fade. When this\noccurs, your once quick-drying awning may instead get damp. Left untreated,\nthe material can become permanently soiled. It might even begin to leak.\n\n### Vinyl Awnings\n\nVinyl awning fabric is mildew resistant, but not necessarily mildew-proof.\nMildew, which forms on the dirt and dust that collects on vinyl fabric, can be\nparticularly troublesome in warm, humid climates and if the fabric is stored\nwhen wet.\n\nWhen treated properly, vinyl awnings clean up so easily that special cleaning\nsolutions are virtually never required. And because most “awning cleaners”\ncontain bleach and other components that are harmful to vinyl, avoiding such\nproducts means your awning will last much longer.\n\n## How to Clean Your RV Awning In three easy steps\n\nStains, mildew, and leaks can all be avoided with a few simple, easy steps:\n\n1\\. Clean Wash the awning with a high-quality cleaner designed to work well on\noutdoor fabrics and vinyl.\n\n2\\. Protect Once thoroughly cleaned, treat the awning with a surface\nprotectant. For fabric awnings, use a commercial-grade fabric guard. (Note\nthat consumer-grade fabric protectors do not adequately shield outdoor fabrics\nfrom the elements.) For vinyl awnings, select a high-quality surface\nprotectant.\n\nYou want a spray that’s soil resistant, water and stain repellent and, most of\nall, long-lasting.\n\nTip: Silicone water repellent treatments are commonly available, but should\nnever be used on Sunbrella awnings. Doing so can void the factory warranty.\n\n3\\. Reapply By periodically reapplying a protectant spray, your awning will\nstay cleaner longer and dry much faster. And since protected awnings are less\nlikely to be damp when rolled up and stored, mildew and stains are less\nlikely.\n\nShare\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n7 Comments\n\n * Edd | Sep 4, 2018 at 4:52pm\n\nI spend a lot of time cleaning my RV awning. Is there any way to make this\neasier.\n\nReply\n\n * Customer Support | Sep 13, 2018 at 3:53pm\n\nHi, Edd. To clean the awning we recommend 303® Multi-Surface Cleaner, this is\na general cleaner that can be used on anything that can be washed with water.\nThen to protect it, if the awning is fabric we recommend 303® Fabric Guard.\nBut if the awning is a vinyl/plastic we recommend 303® Automotive Protectant.\nIf you have any other questions please contact consumer support at\nproudcttechsupport@goldeagle.com\n\nReply\n\n * Michael Lee | Jan 22, 2019 at 12:05pm\n\nMy wife and I have been thinking about getting caravan annexes for our\ncaravan. One of the questions we had was how to care for the annexes. Thanks\nfor this article, I wouldn’t have thought about rubbing wax on it to prevent\ndripping.\n\nReply\n\n * RJ DeFilippo | Feb 7, 2019 at 1:39am\n\nyou still didn’t say how to tell one from the other. is there a difference in\ntexture? is one glossy or not? are there identifying signs that indicate which\nis which? I still don’t know how to tell one by looking at it. thanks. for the\nother information, but I don’t know which one to use. I bought a used coachmen\nmirada but have no idea if it’s original.\n\nReply\n\n * Customer Support | Feb 21, 2019 at 10:23am\n\nWe recommend to check with the manufacturer of the awning to determine the\nexact material of the cover if you are unsure. However, a canvas/fabric\nmaterial we would recommend the 303 Fabric Guard. If you have a vinyl then we\nwould recommend the 303 Aerospace Protecant. If you have any other questions\nplease contact consumer support at producttechsupport@goldeagle.com\n\nReply\n\n * Mary Dorry | Aug 13, 2019 at 8:05pm\n\nIn one paragraph you recommend for vinyl awnings 303 automotive and the last\nparagraph you mention 303 aerospace protectant. Please clarify.\n\nReply\n\n * Customer Support | Aug 14, 2019 at 1:51pm\n\nHi, Mary. The only difference between the two is simply the label. They have\ndifferent labels for different markets but they are both the same formula and\nmode of application. So whichever one you choose will be a great choice!\nThanks for stopping by!\n\nReply\n\n### Categories\n\n * Automotive Care\n * Boat Care\n * Cool Rides Online®\n * Indoor and Outdoor Living\n * Lifestyle\n * Powersports and Recreation\n * Press Releases\n * Small Engine Care\n\nSign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nAbout Gold Eagle\n\n * About Us\n * Tips & Tools\n * Careers\n * Our Team\n * Product Ingredient Disclosure\n\n * Indoor/Outdoor Living Program\n * Private Label\n * International\n * Privacy Policy\n\nHow Can We Help?\n\n * Consumer Support\n * Returns & Exchanges\n * Shipping Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n * SDS / Certifications\n\nContact Us\n\n4400 S Kildare Ave Chicago, IL 60632 Technical Support: 800.367.3245\nCorporate: 773.376.4400\n\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n\n© Copyright 2020 Gold Eagle\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://cleaning.tips.net/T004344_Cleaning_Canvas_Awnings.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200805163052/https://cleaning.tips.net/T004344_Cleaning_Canvas_Awnings.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Cleaning Canvas Awnings (Tips.Net)",
"passages": [
"Described in poetry as early as 50 BC and originally made using hemp, canvas awnings are extremely durable, and provide shade and protection from weather. As recently as fifteen years ago, canvas awnings were truly made from canvas, which is a plain weave cotton fabric. But the majority of canvas awnings are now manufactured from synthetic, canvas-like materials made from acrylic and polypropylene fibers.",
"Ideally, a canvas awning should be cleaned at least once each year to remove grime, pollution, and soil, extend life expectancy, reduce the chance of fading, apply protectors, and to restore it to its original color. No matter the material of your canvas awning, the method of cleaning is the same:",
"Carefully position and climb a ladder to reach the top of your awning. Use a long broom to sweep away all debris from the awning.",
"Sweep all of debris from your roof and gutters. If the leaves and twigs fall from your gutters onto your awning, rain and moisture will cause them to rot, subsequently causing damage to your awning.",
"Mix 3 ounces of dishwashing detergent per gallon of warm water for your cleaning solution. Always start cleaning from the bottom of the awning to the top. Scrub the awning in circular motions with a broom or a stiff brush until you generate quite a bit of suds.",
"Continue scrubbing, rinsing as you go, and then move on to the next section. It is important to remember to scrub an area no larger than you can keep wet until you are ready to rinse. Never allow the cleaning solution to dry on the canvas.",
"Clean the valance last, if your awning has one. Mold and slime collect in large amounts on a valance. Continue to scrub and rinse until it is thoroughly clean.",
"Never use products containing chlorine bleach when cleaning a canvas awning, since bleach will rot the fabric. While scrubbing, continue to scrub until the soap is clean. If the soap is dirty, rinse, reapply soap, and scrub again until the soap is clean. Always rinse thoroughly until all of the soap is gone. Remember that wet canvas can still look dirty. When it dries completely, it will be evident that it is clean.",
"An administrator for a mutual fund management firm, April deals with the written word daily. She loves to write and plans to author a memoir in the near future. April attended Morehead State University to pursue a BA degree in Elementary Education. Learn more about April...",
"Whatever type of paint sprayer you chose, make sure that you follow all of the manufacturer's directions for use and ...",
"The main idea behind energy rebates and incentive programs offered by utility companies is to encourage people to use ...",
"While dealing with a drafty door can be annoying, causing you to be too hot or too cold inside, it can also mean that ...",
"Tough Cleaning Jobs Require Brawny! Brawny paper towels provide the versatility you need: the strength for demanding jobs and the softness to clean up your child's messy face. This 24-roll pack of pick-a-size sheets can handle just about every cleaning task in your home. Check out Brawny 24-Pack Giant Paper Towels today!",
"Fall is the perfect time of year to clean your lawn mower before storing it for the winter. If you clean your lawn mower ...",
"Cleaning out your dog's house is not only a good idea, it is the law in some states. You should clean out the doghouse at ...",
"Since guests' first impressions are based on your entry area, it's important to keep it clean and tidy. You'll first ...",
"There are currently no comments for this tip. (Be the first to leave your comment—just use the simple form above!)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cleaning Canvas Awnings (Tips.Net)\n\n * Tips.Net\n * > Cleaning Tips\n * > Yard\n\n# Cleaning Canvas Awnings\n\nby April Reinhardt (last updated September 24, 2018)\n\nDescribed in poetry as early as 50 BC and originally made using hemp, canvas\nawnings are extremely durable, and provide shade and protection from weather.\nAs recently as fifteen years ago, canvas awnings were truly made from canvas,\nwhich is a plain weave cotton fabric. But the majority of canvas awnings are\nnow manufactured from synthetic, canvas-like materials made from acrylic and\npolypropylene fibers.\n\nIdeally, a canvas awning should be cleaned at least once each year to remove\ngrime, pollution, and soil, extend life expectancy, reduce the chance of\nfading, apply protectors, and to restore it to its original color. No matter\nthe material of your canvas awning, the method of cleaning is the same:\n\n 1. Cover all plants and bushes near your work area.\n 2. Carefully position and climb a ladder to reach the top of your awning. Use a long broom to sweep away all debris from the awning.\n 3. Sweep all of debris from your roof and gutters. If the leaves and twigs fall from your gutters onto your awning, rain and moisture will cause them to rot, subsequently causing damage to your awning.\n 4. With a broom, knock away dirt and cobwebs from the underside of the awning.\n 5. With your garden hose, completely wet and rinse your awning.\n 6. Mix 3 ounces of dishwashing detergent per gallon of warm water for your cleaning solution. Always start cleaning from the bottom of the awning to the top. Scrub the awning in circular motions with a broom or a stiff brush until you generate quite a bit of suds.\n 7. Continue scrubbing, rinsing as you go, and then move on to the next section. It is important to remember to scrub an area no larger than you can keep wet until you are ready to rinse. Never allow the cleaning solution to dry on the canvas.\n 8. When you've finished completely, rinse the entire awning once more.\n 9. Clean the valance last, if your awning has one. Mold and slime collect in large amounts on a valance. Continue to scrub and rinse until it is thoroughly clean.\n 10. Apply a protector or a water repellant if you so choose. Follow the label directions on the product.\n\nNever use products containing chlorine bleach when cleaning a canvas awning,\nsince bleach will rot the fabric. While scrubbing, continue to scrub until the\nsoap is clean. If the soap is dirty, rinse, reapply soap, and scrub again\nuntil the soap is clean. Always rinse thoroughly until all of the soap is\ngone. Remember that wet canvas can still look dirty. When it dries completely,\nit will be evident that it is clean.\n\n##### Author Bio\n\nApril Reinhardt\n\nAn administrator for a mutual fund management firm, April deals with the\nwritten word daily. She loves to write and plans to author a memoir in the\nnear future. April attended Morehead State University to pursue a BA degree in\nElementary Education. Learn more about April...\n\n##### MORE FROM APRIL\n\nUsing a Paint Sprayer\n\nWhatever type of paint sprayer you chose, make sure that you follow all of the\nmanufacturer's directions for use and ...\n\nDiscover More\n\nUtility Rebates for Energy-Efficient Homes\n\nThe main idea behind energy rebates and incentive programs offered by utility\ncompanies is to encourage people to use ...\n\nDiscover More\n\nRepairing Drafty Doors\n\nWhile dealing with a drafty door can be annoying, causing you to be too hot or\ntoo cold inside, it can also mean that ...\n\nDiscover More\n\nTough Cleaning Jobs Require Brawny! Brawny paper towels provide the\nversatility you need: the strength for demanding jobs and the softness to\nclean up your child's messy face. This 24-roll pack of pick-a-size sheets can\nhandle just about every cleaning task in your home. Check out Brawny 24-Pack\nGiant Paper Towels today!\n\n##### More Cleaning Tips\n\nCleaning Your Lawnmower\n\nFall is the perfect time of year to clean your lawn mower before storing it\nfor the winter. If you clean your lawn mower ...\n\nDiscover More\n\nCleaning Out the Doghouse\n\nCleaning out your dog's house is not only a good idea, it is the law in some\nstates. You should clean out the doghouse at ...\n\nDiscover More\n\nCleaning Your Front Entry\n\nSince guests' first impressions are based on your entry area, it's important\nto keep it clean and tidy. You'll first ...\n\nDiscover More\n\n##### Subscribe\n\nFREE SERVICE: Get tips like this every week in Cleaning Tips from Tips.Net.\nEnter your address and click \"Subscribe.\"\n\nView most recent newsletter.\n\n(Your e-mail address is not shared with anyone, ever.)\n\n##### Comments\n\nThere are currently no comments for this tip. (Be the first to leave your\ncomment—just use the simple form above!)\n\n##### Newest Tips\n\n##### Subscribe\n\nFREE SERVICE: Get tips like this every week in Cleaning Tips from Tips.Net.\nEnter your address and click \"Subscribe.\"\n\n(Your e-mail address is not shared with anyone, ever.)\n\nView the most recent newsletter.\n\n##### Links and Sharing\n\n * Questions or Comments\n * Free Printable Forms\n * Free Calendars\n\n##### OUR COMPANY\n\n * Sharon Parq Associates, Inc.\n * About Tips.Net\n * Contact Us\n * Advertise with Us\n * Our Privacy Policy\n\n##### OUR PRODUCTS\n\n * Helpful E-books\n * Newsletter Archives\n * Excel Products\n * Windows Products\n * Word Products\n\n##### OUR AUTHORS\n\n * Author Index\n * Write for Tips.Net\n\n##### OUR SITES\n\n * Tips.Net\n * Beauty and Style\n * Cars\n * Cleaning\n * Cooking\n * Drive Tips (Google Drive)\n * ExcelTips (Excel 97–2003)\n * ExcelTips (Excel 2007–2019; 365)\n * Gardening\n\n * Health\n * Home Improvement\n * Money and Finances\n * Organizing\n * Pests and Bugs\n * Pets and Animals\n * WindowsTips (Microsoft Windows)\n * WordTips (Word 97–2003)\n * WordTips (Word 2007–2019; 365)\n\nCopyright © 2020 Sharon Parq Associates, Inc.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://cleancanvas.com/mildews-donts/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200809231935/https://cleancanvas.com/mildews-donts/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Mildews & Don’ts",
"passages": [
"Mildew and mold, which are classified as fungi, are simple microscopic organisms that can thrive anywhere in a warm, moist environment. Mildew refers to a surface fungi, usually appearing as powdery, patches of grey or white. Mold looks fuzzy or slimy, and comes in various colors.",
"Once it appears on your outdoor fabrics, it must be removed or it can cause fabric decomposition and an unhealthy condition. It’s also unsightly! Soil provides the food for this unwanted growth. That’s why we recommend regular fabric cleaning, and storing of items in a dry, well-ventilated area.",
"Lichens are organisms consisting of fungus and green algae, growing together in a symbiotic relationship. When organic particles such as pollen settle onto the surface of trees or rocks, for example, under the right conditions they can grow into green algae. Add air- or water-borne fungus microorganisms such as mold, and you have a recipe for lichens.",
"Lichens can grow on outdoor fabrics too, as it appears on these awnings, if not regularly maintained. Extra care must be taken to clean items covered with lichen, but we are equal to the task!",
"APCO Products were developed exclusively for use on outdoor fabrics. They are earth and user friendly, and recommended by leading fabric manufacturers in the industry. We believe that APCO products enable us to tackle almost any cleaning challenge, and our 32 years in business attests to that. The products we use and sell are the best of the best!",
"APCO Products are specially formulated for Awning Cleaning Industries and are sold by our authorized distributors to give you the option of maintaining your fabrics yourself.",
"Do recognize when mildew and mold appear on your fabrics Don’t ignore it; mold and mildew won’t go away by themselves Do have ... Learn More"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Mildews & Don’ts\n\nAwning Cleaning Industries\n\n# Mildews & Don’ts\n\n * Do recognize when mildew and mold appear on your fabrics\n * Don’t ignore it; mold and mildew won’t go away by themselves\n * Do have your items cleaned, or clean them yourself\n * Don’t hesitate to call on us with your questions or concerns\n\nMildew and mold, which are classified as fungi, are simple microscopic\norganisms that can thrive anywhere in a warm, moist environment. Mildew refers\nto a surface fungi, usually appearing as powdery, patches of grey or white.\nMold looks fuzzy or slimy, and comes in various colors.\n\nOnce it appears on your outdoor fabrics, it must be removed or it can cause\nfabric decomposition and an unhealthy condition. It’s also unsightly! Soil\nprovides the food for this unwanted growth. That’s why we recommend regular\nfabric cleaning, and storing of items in a dry, well-ventilated area.\n\nLichens are organisms consisting of fungus and green algae, growing together\nin a symbiotic relationship. When organic particles such as pollen settle onto\nthe surface of trees or rocks, for example, under the right conditions they\ncan grow into green algae. Add air- or water-borne fungus microorganisms such\nas mold, and you have a recipe for lichens.\n\nLichens can grow on outdoor fabrics too, as it appears on these awnings, if\nnot regularly maintained. Extra care must be taken to clean items covered with\nlichen, but we are equal to the task!\n\n#### Get a Free Estimate\n\nSend us your specs for a free no obligation estimate.\n\nClick Here\n\n#### About Our Products\n\nAPCO Products were developed exclusively for use on outdoor fabrics. They are\nearth and user friendly, and recommended by leading fabric manufacturers in\nthe industry. We believe that APCO products enable us to tackle almost any\ncleaning challenge, and our 32 years in business attests to that. The products\nwe use and sell are the best of the best!\n\n#### APCO Products\n\nAPCO Products are specially formulated for Awning Cleaning Industries and are\nsold by our authorized distributors to give you the option of maintaining your\nfabrics yourself.\n\n#### Mildews & Don't\n\nDo recognize when mildew and mold appear on your fabrics Don’t ignore it; mold\nand mildew won’t go away by themselves Do have ... Learn More\n\n * Awnings\n * Banners & Flags\n * Marine Canvas\n * Cushions\n * Tents\n * Trailer Covers\n\n#### AWNING CLEANING INDUSTRIES\n\n29 Fitch Street New Haven, CT 06515\n\nEmail: info@cleancanvas.com\n\nPhone: 1-800-542-3009 or 1-203-397-7400\n\nFax: 1-203-397-7402\n\n© 2017 Awning Cleaning Industries, Inc. • Site by Walden Pond Design\n\nCopyright © 2020 · Awning Cleaning Industries on Genesis Framework · WordPress\n· Log in\n\n"
}
] |
2,689,977 | How To Make Swedish Meatballs | To make Swedish meatballs the quick and easy way, start by combining ground beef and pork, breadcrumbs, spices, and 2 eggs in a bowl. Mix the ingredients thoroughly, then form the mixture into balls about 2 inches in diameter. Next, bake them in the oven at 475 degrees Fahrenheit for 10 to 12 minutes. Then, cook butter, flour, milk, and beef broth in a pan until the mixture thickens. Finish by placing the meatballs in a serving dish and pouring the sauce on top. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201106193950/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/alton-brown/swedish-meatballs-recipe-1916539",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201121180032/https://www.marthastewart.com/341737/swedish-meatballs"
] | train | 2,271 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/alton-brown/swedish-meatballs-recipe-1916539",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201106193950/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/alton-brown/swedish-meatballs-recipe-1916539",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Swedish Meatballs Recipe",
"passages": [
"Made from a combination of beef and pork, these meatballs are a Scandinavian favorite that goes from appetizer to main in a flash (just add noodles). It's a tradition to serve them with sweet-tart lingonberry jam; if you can't find it, grape or red-currant jelly is a good substitute.",
"Made from a combination of beef and pork, these meatballs are a Scandinavian favorite that goes from appetizer to main in a flash (just add noodles). It's a tradition to serve them with sweet-tart lingonberry jam; if you can't find it, grape or red-currant jelly is a good substitute.",
"Super easy recipe that worked great in the oven. I reduced the amount of beef stock by about 1/3 to make a slightly thicker sauce. Delicious!",
"I pan fried the meatballs and everything turned out delicious! I think if you omit the oven baking of the meatballs the recipe is perfect. Flavor of the meatballs is perfect and the sauce delicious. A wonderful meal for people who love the idea of beef stroganoff but don't like mushrooms. I also used Lactose free milk and it still made everyone happy",
"I TRIED....THE MEAT BALLS WERE BURNED ON ONE SIDE WHEN I TOOK THEM OUT ..I THINK THIS RECIPE HAS TEEHTING PROBLEMS..MAY BE THE TEMPERATURE ON THE OVEN WAS TOO HIGH ....I USE THE SKILLET ..AT LEAST IT DOES NOT SET OFF THE SMOKE ALARM ..DISAPPOINTED",
"This recipe is an old one with the same wrong panko amount. Three (3) cups? You'd have mush. Do not use 3 cups. Every time I see this particular Swedish meatballs by Martha, I correct the amount of Panko. No one seems to pay attention. I hope the people who use the recipe, as is, have a meal they can salvage.",
"I made these a few years ago and am surprised to find the recipe still uncorrected. 3 cups of panko must surely be a typo. Do not attempt recipe as it is.",
"There is so much wrong with this recipe, please do not attempt it! Too much salt, panko, milk, garlic???, etc. I have a recipe from a Midwest Scandinavian Church, now that's what a Swedish meatball is supposed to taste like!",
"I got a request for these tonight. It's been quite a while since I've made them, so I pulled up this recipe. I realized after I added the garlic, Sweedish Meatballs don't have garlic. Anyway, I did remember to use nutmeg and they turned out great. These meatballs were succulent, with good flavor. We didn't really notice the garlic because I think it meld with the nutmeg well. I will call these Stewart's Meatballs.",
"This is not a swedish meatball. They may be wonderful but swedish they are not. As with other comments - soak bread with just enough milk to absorb - no crumbs ever. Try a hint of nutmeg or cardamom. I don't know a single swede who would use garlic, allspice or jelly",
"Cardamom makes a Swedish meatball taste like it should. Please don't call it something it is not. And don't get me started on grape jelly, this is nonsense.",
"Just reading this recipe is disappointing. My family, of Swedish decent, never made a Swedish meatball with garlic or allspice or Japanese breadcrumbs! Never ever with grape jelly! Look for a recipe that soft bread is soaked in milk or cream and has beef and pork. This is not even close to a Swedish meatball.",
"This recipe is a big disappointment and I am sorry I did not read the reviews before I made it! I agree with the others that there is way too much breadcrumbs and the sauce has zero flavor!! I had to add 2 beef bouillion cubes and some pepper to have at least some taste to it! Never again!!",
"Martha Stewart is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Swedish Meatballs Recipe | Alton Brown | Food Network\n\n * Watch Full Seasons\n * TV Schedule\n * Videos\n * Shop\n * Sweepstakes\n * Magazine\n * Blog\n * Shows A-Z\n * Chefs A-Z\n * Newsletters\n * Restaurants\n\nRecipes\n\n * Thanksgiving\n * Family Dinners\n * Healthy\n * Our Best Recipes\n * Easy Comfort Food\n\nSee All Recipes\n\nRecipe of the Day\n\n#### Kale Casserole\n\nTrending Recipes\n\n#### Southern Baked Mac and Cheese\n\n#### Beef Stroganoff\n\n#### Roasted Butternut Squash\n\n#### Pecan Pie Brownies\n\nShows\n\nTV Schedule See TV Schedule\n\n * #### Kids Baking Championship\n\n8am | 7c\n\n * #### Kids Baking Championship\n\n9am | 8c\n\n * #### Food Paradise\n\n10am | 9c\n\n * #### Food Paradise\n\n11am | 10c\n\n * #### Food Paradise\n\n12pm | 11c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n1pm | 12c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n1:30pm | 12:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n2pm | 1c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n2:30pm | 1:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n3pm | 2c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n3:30pm | 2:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n4pm | 3c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n4:30pm | 3:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n5pm | 4c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n5:30pm | 4:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n6pm | 5c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n6:30pm | 5:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n7pm | 6c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n7:30pm | 6:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n8pm | 7c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n8:30pm | 7:30c\n\n * ###### On Tonight\n\n#### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n9pm | 8c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n9:30pm | 8:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n10pm | 9c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n10:30pm | 9:30c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n11pm | 10c\n\n * #### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\n11:30pm | 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}
] |
2,159,100 | How To Make Homemade Pasta | To make homemade pasta, start by mixing flour, salt, and eggs in a bowl until a dough forms. Then, knead the dough for a few minutes and let it sit at room temperature for 1 hour. After an hour, cut the dough into small pieces and pass them through a pasta machine. Alternatively, you can roll the dough out and cut it into thin strips with a knife. Finally, cook the pasta in boiling water for around 3 minutes. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160724184346/http://www.davidlebovitz.com:80/2012/01/how-to-make-fresh-pasta-homemade-recipe/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211017203946/https://leitesculinaria.com/40229/recipes-homemade-pasta-dough.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20181021070339/http://elephantine.typepad.com:80/elephantine/2012/03/homemade-pasta-a-mini-guide.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161012201418/http://backtoherroots.com:80/2011/09/27/chickpea-and-flaxseed-homemade-pasta-vegan-gluten-free/"
] | train | 2,558 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.davidlebovitz.com:80/2012/01/how-to-make-fresh-pasta-homemade-recipe/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160724184346/http://www.davidlebovitz.com:80/2012/01/how-to-make-fresh-pasta-homemade-recipe/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make Fresh Pasta",
"passages": [
"I have to admit, I’ve gotten a bit slack and have been buying dried pasta for the past few years. There’s nothing wrong with store-bought pasta – I’ve become fond of the whole wheat pasta spirals I get at my natural foods store, tossed with greens, garlic, and olive oil – but I was recently at the home of a friend and while we were talking over wine, he pulled out a disk of dough, quickly rolled it, and put together a simple lasagna with those just-made noodles. It was so good, and made me realize that I’d forgotten how good fresh pasta is. And it’s not difficult at all to make.",
"Unlike pastry and bread doughs, pasta dough isn’t very fussy. You don’t really need a machine to shape the pasta, but a pasta roller really helps and it’s one of life’s great pleasure when you pull that final cut of the pasta strands out of the machine and drop them into a pot of boiling water. I have an attachment for my stand mixer, although the small hand-cranked machines are inexpensive and do a good job, too. You can handroll pasta with a rolling pin, but be prepared for a bit of a challenge if you want the dough really thin.",
"Pasta dough is simple and forgiving. It’s one of those recipes that’s more about technique than ingredients or quantities, like macarons. It’s basically only two ingredients, but because of variations in eggs, flour, and other factors, you may need to tinker with it a bit. Kind of like trying to tell someone exactly how much butter to swipe on toast, or trying to give a precise time for frying an egg to your liking – it’s impossible to give exact instructions to get it just right, but it’s very easy enough to figure out. I like the heartiness of semolina, so I use half of that, half all-purpose flour. It’s best to make the dough the day you plan to use it; if left overnight, even in the refrigerator, the dough will turn an unappealing grey color.",
"Semolina is relatively easy to find, although you can make pasta dough without it. (Some of my favorite baguettes in France have semolina added, which gives them a creamy richness.) If for some reason your dough feels a bit dry after you’ve been kneading it for a minute, wet your hands and add that small amount of water into it. I also weigh the ingredients since it’s more accurate.",
"Knead the dough with the heel of your hand for at least three minutes until the dough is very smooth. The dough should not feel sticky. If it sticks to your fingers, knead in a small amount of flour, just enough so your fingers come away clean when you pull them away. Wrap the dough and let it sit at room temperature for an hour.",
"Continue passing the pasta through the machine, closing down the opening of the rollers a few notches with each pass (and dusting them very lightly with flour or semolina if the dough is sticking) until you’ve reached the desired thickness. Then, if you wish to make fettuccine or spaghetti, use the pasta cutter attachment to cut the sheets into the desired thickness, or cut the pasta by hand on the counter top with a chef’s knife to whatever size strands or shapes you want.",
"Once rolled, fresh pasta should be dusted with semolina (preferably) or flour to keep it from sticking if you’re not going to cook it right away. You can lay it on a semolina- or flour-dusted baking sheet or linen kitchen towel, until ready to boil. Or drape it over a suspended rolling pin or pasta drying rack until ready to use.",
"Once you get the hang of making fresh pasta, you can start adding your own touches to it. Experimentation is fun and even pasta that you think looks funny or doesn’t look perfect tastes pretty darned good when tossed with butter or olive oil, fried garlic, crisp bits of bacon, and some hot chili flakes. Actually, now that I mention it, I’m going to have that tonight.",
"Try adding some chopped fresh herbs or freshly cracked black pepper, or perhaps some saffron to the dough at the beginning, or experiment with different flours, replacing some of the wheat flour with buckwheat or whole wheat flour.",
"Notes: You might notice the color of the pasta dough is slightly different in the first set of pictures, when it’s being made, to the later set, when it’s being rolled in the machine. That’s attributed to the fact that it was rolled in the machine later in the day, when the light had changed.",
"You’ll also notice that I used the lasagna noodles uncooked in the lasagna I made. I only use uncooked noodles if using a very wet sauce, since otherwise the pasta can absorb quite a bit of the liquid, robbing the lasagna of a good deal of moisture.",
"I didn’t post a photo of the finished lasagna because it might prompt folks requesting a recipe, and I didn’t use one. It’s just layered with a tomato sauce I made with ground pork, spices, and a few anchovies, then the other layer was a seasoned ricotta cheese mixed with eggs and generous handfuls of chopped greens that were stewed with lots of garlic and some bacon.",
"looks absolutely delicious...can feel it’s unctuous goodness in my belly already. anything with crispy bacon and anchovies is my kind of ideal meal on a lazy, cool day :)",
"Very cool post! One advantage of store-bought pasta is that most of the decent (Italian) brands are bronze-extruded – it is possible to make fresh bronze- extruded pasta at home, but only with fairly expensive equipment.",
"I’ve been wondering about the kitchenaid pasta attachment and whether it actually worked so it’s nice to hear your vote of confidence. I am very lazy about making pasta at home – I’m far more likely to knock up a bunch of gnocchi – but I would really like to start trying again. Thanks for the encouragement!",
"Your recipe for pasta is quite interesting with half flour and half semolina – I have yet to try that. I also have a pasta attachment for my KitchenAid and I think it is brilliant in that it allows you to handle the pasta with both hands, which is good if you are making pasta solo.",
"The pasta attachment works really well. I haven’t tried many other machines, except I used to have a hand-cranked one and it required a little bit of dexterity to grasp the pasta with your hands while turning the crank. I’ve also used mine for rolling out crackers (with semolina) and it works great.",
"I’m this close to buying a hand-cranked noodle machine. What has been keeping me is the fact that I’m still conviced you need at least three hands to handle the dow and the machine, at least at the end of rolling. One to fill in the dough, one to catch the pasta coming out of the machine, and the third for cranking. No?",
"Great post! I would advise to first take a little of the flour away, since you never know how the eggs and flour will interact. If the dough is too smooth you can still add some more flour. What really got me into making my own paste were those two lovely ladies: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wik43wY_Z-c&feature=relmfu",
"Where do you find semolina in Paris? The standard grocery stores don’t seem to carry it and I even went to an organic market and with 40 types of flour they didn’t have it either...I’ve just started making my own pasta at home and it’s wonderful even with just normal flour but would love to try with the semolina!",
"Grocery stores or supermarkets in Paris wouldn’t carry semolina. I get mine at one of the Indian food shops up behind the gare du Nord & it’s not very expensive. I’ve also seen it in shops that sell Arabic ingredients as well.",
"Update: Oops, a few people noted that grocery stores in France do carry semolina. Scroll down to see comments about availability. – dl",
"I really need to have a go at homemade pasta....for some reason it has scared me. Must not be defeated before I even give it a try though. I need to get the pasta attachment for my Kitchen Aid",
"@Jordan: I’m quite sure I found semolina (semoule) at my Monoprix. If not then at one of the bio-stores. Can’t check with the Monoprix website because it’s down but maybe try there later or look again.",
"Your pasta looks amazing! Definite inspiration for a pasta meal tonight :) I remember seeing a tutorial somewhere on cutting fetticine without a machine – I’d have to do it that way myself. Apparently you roll your dough as thin as possible then roll it up into a ‘swiss roll’ before slicing it with a knife.",
"i’ve recently started dabbling with fresh pasta. last time i made ravioli, although good to taste, i find the texture was a little hard. is it because i kneaded it too much or too little? the dough was fairly soft though.",
"I want to make pasta since a long time ago, but first I didn’t have space and time, now, what I don’t have is a real excuse ;) I hope I can make this recipe! Thanks a lot!!",
"I love preparing fresh pasta. I do it for a couple of moths now. But I have to admitt, I never tried a recipe with flour and semolina, just one or another. I shall give a try to this recipe!",
"Am I right in thinking you use semolina to beef up the strength of the flour? I confess to being more of a bread baker, I’ve been having problems with the softer flour we seem to be getting in Spain recently and I decided to try an experiment. I have ground some dried Duram wheat pasta and intend to add that to the flour mix and see what happens. Hoping for a loftier loaf.....am also going to try vinegar, lecithin and egg in different batches to compare. Any thoughts?",
"Bravo David! my grandmother taught me this same method when I was in my 20’s. Her ration for handcut noodles was based on one egg per person, just like your recipe. . She used a broom stick to roll out the dough into a thin circle; then after a heavy sprinkle of flour, lightly rolled the dough around the broomstick, slid the broomstick out and cut it in narrow ribbons. No machine needed, I still do it this way. Takes about 10 minutes start to finish!",
"Whipping up a batch of fresh homemade pasta at a moment’s notice is child’s play and the bragging rights are a great return for a small investment of time and practice. thanks for passing this on!",
"I made home fresh pasta since I was 5 years. I used to do it with my mom. One of the best things she gave me :) Here my recipe step by step http://incucinaconziaelle.blogspot.com/2010/03/scuola-di-cucina-le-fettuccine- e-i.html",
"It is uncanny how much your posts answer my current food questions. Homemade pasta is my goal for 2012. As soon as I get moved into my new house, I am going to crank it out until it is perfected. Bookmarking this post because it is so detailed and well written.",
"Thank you! I have had many unsuccesssful attempts, and I can’t wait to try again with your instructions. Now I can get to work on one of my new years resolutions, mastering homemade pasta! How did you know I needed you to write a post on this?????",
"Thanks for posting this David. It makes me want to start making my own pasta again. I used to make Marcella Hazan’s lasagna that is in her first book — Essentials of Classic Italian Cooking and it is probably the favorite dish I ever made and the most delicious. Everything is homemade, the noodles, bolognese(which cooks for 3 hours) and the bechamel sauce but so worth the time it takes. I’ll never forget the looks on people’s faces whenever they took the first bite. I made the noodles on the hand crank machine and was not an experienced cook then but her instructions made everything so easy. Her recipe is listed on Epicurious but sadly they don’t give instructions for the handmade noodles, and don’t state that they are supposed to be spinach noodles — a very important part!",
"One more time re the Semolina: Chez Monoprix they have a “Semoule moyenne, 100% blé dur, qualité supérieure” ( http://courses.monoprix.fr/magasin-en- ligne/achat-acheter-Semoule-moyenne-100pour100-ble-dur-qualite- superieure-689,,,.html ).",
"I like the idea of not cooking the pasta before putting it in the lasagne but are you adding enough liquid to completely cover the top layer of pasta?",
"You have a way of making things sound less scary. Here’s my favorite lady to watch roll out pasta- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAd4w72alGg",
"I love making my own pasta! So quick and simple that it can even been done at the last minute. While I normally make a basic flour and egg version like yours, my favorite is one that I learned in Italy. Equal parts semolina, 00 flour, and corn flour. It is so good and has a great texture. Thanks so much for the post!",
"I absolutely love fresh pasta but always thought life was too short to make it myself. However I recently acquired a pasta machine (€3 Emaus – thrift store) and am eager to use it! Excellent timing! Thanks.",
"once the pasta has been formed/shaped and doesn’t require any more handling, can it then be frozen for later use?",
"Hm. After you wrote about candy thermometers just after I got myself one, you are now writing about fresh pasta after I have been given a pasta maker for Christmas. Excellent, how you tailor your blog to my needs! ;o)",
"Ohhhh, been throwing around making fresh pasta for a while and you convinced me. Going to try to tackle this and macarons too, wish me luck.",
"This has been on my To Do List for quite sometime. Now you’ve inspired me. Have you ever tried making whole wheat pasta? If so what flours do you recommend?",
"I have made the pasta using a rolling pin, and although doable in a pinch, the machine makes it so much better. You need a very large surface to roll out 400+ grams of dough and rolling it very thin is difficult. The pasta does get fatter when cooked, so I’ve ended up with unsightly fat linguini.",
"Boy, you aren’t kidding about the rolling pin method being a challange. The one time I made fresh pasta I got quite a workout pushing and pushing that pin, over and over, to get the dough rolled thin enough for my liking. It was delicious, though, and I have thought many times about making it again. Thanks for the inspiration to get me on it again..",
"One problem with making pasta fresca that I haven’t been able to solve is how to store the pasta for a couple of hours before cooking. Either the pasta sticks or it becomes so dry that it breaks apart. I’m very bad at making those pasta nests, so do you have any other suggestion for me?",
"I finally worked up the nerve just last week to make fresh lasagna noodles and what a treat! Does not even compare to store-bought. Very thin, tender, fabulous. I have the KitchenAid attachment and it worked like a charm. I didn’t use semolina but I will next time. I use it quite a bit in bread but since this was my first shot at pasta making I wanted to follow the recipe exactly.",
"Yum! I’ve always been a bit intimidated by homemade pasta, but I will definitely have to give it a try now.",
"Looks fantastic! I love making pasta – it’s amazingly delicious compared to any thing store bought, and much more filling I’ve found. I haven’t tried a lasagna with my fresh noodles though – I’ll have to try it soon :D",
"Marcella Hazan says in her book “Marcella Cucina” that hand rolled pasta is best, and gives instructions on how to do it.",
"Oh David! making fresh tagliatelle pasta is one the most relaxing and fun things we have in Italy. Making fresh tagliatelle in my home region, Puglia, is even easier than the tagliatelle you made. In Puglia and all other Southern Italian regions we make all fresh pasta (even tagliatelle) without eggs and only with water and semolina. This because our cuisine is much lighter than in the North of Italy: we only use eggs for the gnocchi or for the stuffed pasta (ravioli). I think this is great as it can be quite hard to get the right dough, using eggs, as the texture changes depending on the egg size. But any fresh pasta is delicious as there is nothing better than eating the pasta you made yourself! Buona pasta!",
"David, this is so beautiful. Since we now have gluten, egg and corn allergies in the family, I can no longer do this...my pasta machine is all lonely in a dark corner of the cupboard...if only there was a great gluten and egg free version...",
"I use Marcella Hazan’s recipe. I love her tip for how long to knead the dough: until it feels like a baby’s skin.",
"I’ve never attempted making pasta because every recipe I’ve ever seen calls for 00 Durum wheat flour and I ain’t never seen that not nowhere. But 50/50 semolina and normal flour? Hell yeah, I can do that! Might even go and buy myself a machine...",
"For the last couple of years, I have been making fresh pasta. This Saturday, I will have another ravioli-session with one of my cooking-mates. We have been making a mushroom-ricotta-parmesan filling before, as well as a ricotta- parmesan-mozarella-ham filling. But would you (or your readers) maybe have some nice suggestions for another ravioli-filling?",
"The other option for mixing the dough is to do it in a food processor. Or at least that’s how we did it in culinary school. I think it was add the flour and the egg yolks, then drizzle in water until a ball formed. It has been awhile since I’ve made pasta and I can’t remember the specifics.",
"Are eggs always required in the recipe? To me that says, egg noodles...those nasty things you eat with school lunchroom beef stroganov.",
"David–I have a question. Like yourself, I love the simplicity of making fresh pasta: it’s just the egg, flour & salt; a wonder. Some recipes call for a bit of oil. What does the oil do? Is pasta with a touch of oil more appropriate for some sugo’s than others?",
"BTW, Monterey Market in Berkeley now sells in bulk 00 (double zero) pasta flour–the Italian designation for flour intended for pasta–which works very nicely.",
"I would always use self-made pasta sheets uncooked in a lasagne or in canneloni. Cooking the fresh tagliatelle goes really fast, it only takes a few minutes in simmering water.",
"I have the machine that is attached to the table or kitchen counter, but find it really difficult. Where is the machine attached to on the photos?",
"A tip for anyone thinking of buying a machine – please check that you have a space at your kitchen counter or table edge deep enough to attach it.",
"Erica: There are people that only use water to make pasta. A few previous commenters mentioned that’s what they do.",
"Keefieboy: I’ve only seen Italian 00 flour once in Paris, and I can’t remember where, but I know from working in a restaurant that made a lot of fresh pasta everyday that you can make very good pasta without it.",
"Juan: I would divide it into pieces if rolling it by hand. You’re right, that’s a lot of roll at the same time.",
"Kaili: I have the KitchenAid pasta attachment, and that’s what it’s attached to. I like it a lot, however it’s a bit of an investment.",
"I just made fresh pasta yesterday! How about that. I did a white whole wheat flour and semolina flour mix. It turned out delicious. And it was the first time using my new pasta KitchenAid attachment set. I’ve only made pasta by hand-rolling/cutting previously. It’s like learning to drive a car with a manual transmission and then switching to an automatic a year later. I have such a higher appreciation for the mechanized roller than if I have never attempted pasta by hand. I see much more pasta in my future. I especially love the sound of that lasagne. Maybe I’ll develop my own recipe. Thanks for the inspiration! ;)",
"One thing great about lasagne is that it’s hard to go wrong. I like a lot of greens in mine and I had some leftover ground pork to use up (in fact, most of it was using leftovers) – and it went well with the homemade pasta. The other good thing about lasagne with fresh noodles is that it doesn’t really matter how perfect they look.",
"Yes, David, who doesn’t love pasta, especially homemade? Dried is good, but there is a delicacy and silkiness to the homemade. As an avid pasta maker, let me add just a couple of suggestions. Instead of hanging the newly cut pasta ribbons to dry, dredge them in a little semolina or flour, gather them up in small bundles and swirl into nests on top of a floured towel. Every now and then, scoop them up and lower them again. They’re much easier to store this way, should you make a large batch.",
"The pasta sheets you would use for lasagna can also be used to make ravioli. No ravioli maker needed. Just lay out a sheet (it will be about 4 inches wide) and place heaping teaspoons of filling along one length spaced so that when you fold in half, you can cut between them with a pizza wheel to form square raviolis. Google a recipe for a pumpkin or squash filling, seal just one side with water (not egg) and simmer in water until done. Place in a brown butter and sage leaf sauce. Nothing store-bought will taste as good.",
"K@rsten, I had a lovely butternut squash ravioli once. Similar to this http://allrecipes.com/recipe/butternut-squash-ravioli-with-sage-brown-butter- sauce/ Also a pesto ravioli. there’s an interesting shrimp & pesto ravioli recipe here http://www.exit109.com/~mstevens/shrimrav.html (I hope I’m allowed to give url’s here...",
"Beautiful photos and good tips. The first time I made homemade pasta dough, I didn’t have an attachment yet for my stand mixer. Ended up rolling it with a pin, and it was so thick that it was really only appropriate for soup. (But it was really good in soup!) I haven’t been brave enough to add any herbs or spices, but you’re inspiring me to give it a try again! Thanks!",
"It’s really hard to get pasta thin enough by hand – even though those Italian cooks and grandmothers make it look so easy (!) With a roller, it’s not at all hard to get it right. But like most things, it can take a few times to get it right. Luckily the ingredients are inexpensive and it’s not such a bad thing to have lots of pasta around...is it? ; )",
"I just made my favorite recipe for lasagna from a 1984 Bon Appetit article by Giuliano Bugialli. It is a fresh green pepper and garlic pasta with a very smooth red pepper tomato sauce flavored with garlic and parsley and then layered with bechamel and parmesan cheese. Everytime I have made it for my friends and family.The response is always the same and unbeknowst to each other, they have repeated the same phrase which is “It was like heaven” It is a allot of work but quite worth it. The folded over thin pasta strips make for a crispy outer edge. I hope you can find the recipe. I use my pasta machine and it works very well for all my pasta needs... Thanks again for you wonderful blog..",
"We love to make fresh pasta at home and also get the kids involved with cranking the machine. It’s great fun and they tend to eat more when they’ve had a hand in helping out. (Now, only if I could get them to wash the dishes!)",
"I love that it takes less than 3 minutes to cook too, unlike box pasta which has to rehydrate. The only bad part is the drying of the pasta. Need one of those racks or you’ll end up with pasta strewn about your kitchen.",
"I tried to make fresh pasta by myself some years ago. The result was, how to say, my family ate it, but it was not really delicious. Since then I have never tried again. This post inspires me to retry.",
"David....as for the semolina. Every grocery store where I live in France (le trou noir...LOL) carries it. You find it in the section where you would find preparations for polenta, and also where the pastas, rices, and dried beans are. “La semoule pour fabriquer les pâtes se trouve en supermarché sous le nom de semoule fine de blé dur.” http://www.meilleurduchef.com/cgi/mdc/forum/fr?f=recettes&id=1175613319-32456-1907 Every time I have been looking for cornmeal for polenta, I saw semoule. In particular you can find it at Leader Price. Not at all difficult to find.",
"Perfect timing! I just received a hand-crank pasta machine for Christmas and I’m chomping at the bit to try it. I made your sea-salt caramels for my father last month and they were a breeze, the instructions were very clear and concise, so I feel confident this recipe will go just as smoothly. Thanks!",
"Bonsoir David. Your post has inspired us but I would like to know if one can freeze pasta for later use and how. Ici au Québec, on vend des pâtes fraîches sous vide. Est-ce que ça voudrait dire que nous pourrions les conserver grâce à un appareil-maison qui retire l’air et scelle les aliments? Also, I got your new newsletter offer but am not sure if I got it right. It says to “click on the link” but I am not savvy sooo, I cliqued here and there but recived no confirmation I actually made it. I did read the first and hope I somehow got through. Je me croise les doigts. Merci.",
"I’ve only tried making homemade pasta once and I was very discouraged because the texture in the final product was very tough. I’m not sure if I kneaded it too much or if I am just too rookie. I used a pie rolling pin to roll out the dough and, like you said, it was very difficult to get the pasta very thin. Any advice?",
"In another lifetime, I was a manager in a volunteer organization. To accommodate my then mate, I made pasta dinners for 12 completely from scratch. He said the pasta was too eggy. I loved it. Problem was, no one ever helped out with the dishes. And jewelry would be missing. In particular, a beloved ruby necklace given to me by my godparents.",
"David, about the color change in your photos: if your camera allows you to set the white balance, do it using a white card before each photo session. That adjusts the camera so that white is white no matter what the light is. But your food photography is wonderful, no matter what the color of the light is.",
"I actually have a white balance “lens cover” that is supposed to correct that, but I haven’t tried it. Although you’re right – I should use a white balance card. However for this post, the color of the dough does change as it sits for a while. So I thought it worth pointing out the variation.",
"Hi, David, a voice in the wilderness here. All of a sudden my phone is giving me no choice but to see your blog in Mobile Device format, which wouldn’t be so bad but in that format I cannot see any comments because the ‘see comments’ button does not work. Very frustrated, because I love all the comments and your replies. Also love the pasta post. Mmmmmm!",
"The mobile format was just installed and is being tweaked and will include comments. It may take a few days for the web folks to get that taken care of -dl",
"This post coincides perfectly with my big Christmas gift — a pasta roller! I’ve been dying to make homemade ravioli, but using a wine bottle (as I’ve been known to do more than once) to roll out the pasta dough never seems to get that paper thinness I’m looking for. I’ve never used Semolina flour — can’t wait to give this a try!",
"Definitely a newbie question, and probably an ignorant one, but does fresh pasta take a different amount of time to cook than dried?",
"I am looking forward to making this homemade pasta recipe. David, your posts are so inspiring, because you explain things so well, especially for an amateur cook like myself. And the photos...Gorgeous!",
"I’ve always wondered about the part where after first initial rolling of the dough, it gets folded in half or thirds and fed into the roller again. Do you know why that is done?",
"Aaawww..... ALWAYS read your blog with so much pleasure. Really one of my favorites. Comment before mine... I agree totally. <3",
"Hey david, looks really good. Check out my video how to make hand rolled trofie. Thanks for a inspiring blog.",
"Very good skills, I love all kind of pasta, if you are interested in Argentina Pasta take a look at my last post http://bit.ly/yPLOs3",
"Thank you, David. You have really encouraged me to make my own pasta. I’ve always wanted to, but your photos and explanation have made it so simple. I’m excited to get started!",
"It has been much too long since I last made homemade pasta. Definitely on my to-do list. But first I am going to tackle macarons for my friends b-day. I can’t wait to try out your recipe!",
"Mom made fresh noodles (back in the days before it was pasta) with a rolling pin. She would cover the entire kitchen table with a sheet of the dough rolled out, roll it up like a cinnamon roll and then cut the strips. After letting it dry for a while she’d bring a (home canned) jar of pork shoulder chunks to a boil and then stir in the noodles. The dish made it’s own gravy from the extra flour the noodles were dusted with. Even my sis who has been a vegetarian for over 40 years still drools when she thinks of that meal. ;>",
"I haven’t made noodles for years because I don’t have a big enough place to roll it out. Guess it’s time to buy another attachment for my KitchenAid. ;>",
"I’ve bought fresh pasta – I find it well wrapped in the refrigerated case. I’d suppose I could store any excess the same way for a few days?",
"About your new newsletter format, do we need to sign up if we’re already on your list? I have such a slow connection I’d hate to get it twice.",
"That first photo makes me want to get right in my kitchen and make homemade pasta immediately. I’ve made it with a rolling pin before, but it would definitely have been better if I had a pasta roller.",
"My mother used to make fresh pasta in Barcelona and she would add herbs, olives and chorizo to the dough. It tasted like paella once it was boiled and served. She served it with sangria instead of Italian wine. Oh, those fun day.",
"I’ve been making my own pasta since I was a kid so reading your post has made me quite hungry.",
"I am currently ten months into a year of eating and cooking nothing but Indian food but may just have to cheat a bit and make some fresh curried pasta.",
"When you are eating fresh pasta, there’s really nothing better you can imagine eating instead of it! This is very close to the recipe I use, but I’ll try this one, too, for sure!!",
"Hi David! I like your blog but I hope soon everybody will use only wholemeal flour! White one as dangerous as poison with no benefit.",
"What number setting on the kitchen aid roller did you use? I’ve made fresh pasta a number of times but can never seem to get the thickness right. Thanks!",
"Perfect timing! I haven’t gotten around to putting away the manual pasta-maker my grandma had gotten me at least 10 years ago, which has stayed deep in my pantry this whole time, until I just recently pulled it out to see if I could turn it into a residential sheeter for laminated pastry dough. That didn’t work out, but it made me realize I really should get around to making some fresh pasta with it. Your post is the final inspiration, and tomorrow there will be lasagne.",
"Just made this for dinner and it was the first time I’ve made fresh pasta and actually saw a glimmer of hope that I’ll be competent at it some day. So thanks!",
"Thank you for this post! I have had recurring dreams of late that I am shopping for ingredients to make pasta dough, but frustratingly never complete the task. So I’m setting out to make ravioli from scratch, and this post will really help! Your language is delicious.",
"Hi David, I find it difficult to find the perfect flour for homemade pasta. I know that flour should contain a lot of protein. I remember the best soup I ate was with a pasta made by my grandmother but her recipe was lost. You pasta looks exactly like hers so I will surely give your recipe to my wife :) Cheers",
"What a wonderful post! I had some successful experiments making gnocchi recently but I`ve yet to make fresh pasta like this! Having a pasta machine would obviously simplify things..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make Fresh Pasta - David Lebovitz\n\nMenu\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Books\n * Recipes\n * Tours\n * My Paris\n * Schedule\n * FAQ\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google+\n * Flickr\n * Instagram\n * BlogLovin\n * SnapChat\n\n« New Newsletter – Sign Up!\n\nMy Favorite Kitchen Scale »\n\n# How to Make Fresh Pasta\n\n105 comments - 01.09.2012\n\nI have to admit, I’ve gotten a bit slack and have been buying dried pasta for\nthe past few years. There’s nothing wrong with store-bought pasta – I’ve\nbecome fond of the whole wheat pasta spirals I get at my natural foods store,\ntossed with greens, garlic, and olive oil – but I was recently at the home of\na friend and while we were talking over wine, he pulled out a disk of dough,\nquickly rolled it, and put together a simple lasagna with those just-made\nnoodles. It was so good, and made me realize that I’d forgotten how good fresh\npasta is. And it’s not difficult at all to make.\n\nUnlike pastry and bread doughs, pasta dough isn’t very fussy. You don’t really\nneed a machine to shape the pasta, but a pasta roller really helps and it’s\none of life’s great pleasure when you pull that final cut of the pasta strands\nout of the machine and drop them into a pot of boiling water. I have an\nattachment for my stand mixer, although the small hand-cranked machines are\ninexpensive and do a good job, too. You can handroll pasta with a rolling pin,\nbut be prepared for a bit of a challenge if you want the dough really thin.\n\nPasta dough is simple and forgiving. It’s one of those recipes that’s more\nabout technique than ingredients or quantities, like macarons. It’s basically\nonly two ingredients, but because of variations in eggs, flour, and other\nfactors, you may need to tinker with it a bit. Kind of like trying to tell\nsomeone exactly how much butter to swipe on toast, or trying to give a precise\ntime for frying an egg to your liking – it’s impossible to give exact\ninstructions to get it just right, but it’s very easy enough to figure out. I\nlike the heartiness of semolina, so I use half of that, half all-purpose\nflour. It’s best to make the dough the day you plan to use it; if left\novernight, even in the refrigerator, the dough will turn an unappealing grey\ncolor.\n\nSemolina is relatively easy to find, although you can make pasta dough without\nit. (Some of my favorite baguettes in France have semolina added, which gives\nthem a creamy richness.) If for some reason your dough feels a bit dry after\nyou’ve been kneading it for a minute, wet your hands and add that small amount\nof water into it. I also weigh the ingredients since it’s more accurate.\n\n> Homemade Pasta Dough\n>\n> 1 1/2 pounds (665g) – 4 servings\n>\n> * 7 ounces (200g) all-purpose flour\n> * 7 ounces (200g) semolina\n> * or 14 ounces (400g) flour\n> * 4 large eggs, at room temperature\n>\n\n>\n> Mix together the flour and semolina in the bowl of a stand mixer, or mix\n> them up and create a mound on the counter top with a crater in the center.\n> If using a stand mixer, add the eggs to the dough and mix them together with\n> the paddle or dough hook until well mixed. On the counter top, crack the\n> eggs into the center of the flour and semolina. Use your fingers to\n> gradually draw the dry ingredients into the center, mixing them with the\n> eggs. The dough will be hard to mix at first – a pastry scraper will help\n> you draw it all together – but eventually it will come together and be\n> relatively smooth.\n>\n> Knead the dough with the heel of your hand for at least three minutes until\n> the dough is very smooth. The dough should not feel sticky. If it sticks to\n> your fingers, knead in a small amount of flour, just enough so your fingers\n> come away clean when you pull them away. Wrap the dough and let it sit at\n> room temperature for an hour.\n>\n> (You can keep the dough for several hours at room temperature.)\n\nTo roll out the pasta, on a lightly floured surface, cut the dough into six or\neight pieces. Working one piece at a time, fashion each piece into a rough\nrectangle, then pass it through your pasta machine on the widest setting\n(usually #1). Fold dough in half or in thirds and pass it through again. Then\nfold and pass it through one more time.\n\nContinue passing the pasta through the machine, closing down the opening of\nthe rollers a few notches with each pass (and dusting them very lightly with\nflour or semolina if the dough is sticking) until you’ve reached the desired\nthickness. Then, if you wish to make fettuccine or spaghetti, use the pasta\ncutter attachment to cut the sheets into the desired thickness, or cut the\npasta by hand on the counter top with a chef’s knife to whatever size strands\nor shapes you want.\n\nOnce rolled, fresh pasta should be dusted with semolina (preferably) or flour\nto keep it from sticking if you’re not going to cook it right away. You can\nlay it on a semolina- or flour-dusted baking sheet or linen kitchen towel,\nuntil ready to boil. Or drape it over a suspended rolling pin or pasta drying\nrack until ready to use.\n\nOnce you get the hang of making fresh pasta, you can start adding your own\ntouches to it. Experimentation is fun and even pasta that you think looks\nfunny or doesn’t look perfect tastes pretty darned good when tossed with\nbutter or olive oil, fried garlic, crisp bits of bacon, and some hot chili\nflakes. Actually, now that I mention it, I’m going to have that tonight.\n\nTry adding some chopped fresh herbs or freshly cracked black pepper, or\nperhaps some saffron to the dough at the beginning, or experiment with\ndifferent flours, replacing some of the wheat flour with buckwheat or whole\nwheat flour.\n\nNotes: You might notice the color of the pasta dough is slightly different in\nthe first set of pictures, when it’s being made, to the later set, when it’s\nbeing rolled in the machine. That’s attributed to the fact that it was rolled\nin the machine later in the day, when the light had changed.\n\nYou’ll also notice that I used the lasagna noodles uncooked in the lasagna I\nmade. I only use uncooked noodles if using a very wet sauce, since otherwise\nthe pasta can absorb quite a bit of the liquid, robbing the lasagna of a good\ndeal of moisture.\n\nI didn’t post a photo of the finished lasagna because it might prompt folks\nrequesting a recipe, and I didn’t use one. It’s just layered with a tomato\nsauce I made with ground pork, spices, and a few anchovies, then the other\nlayer was a seasoned ricotta cheese mixed with eggs and generous handfuls of\nchopped greens that were stewed with lots of garlic and some bacon.\n\nRelated Posts and Links\n\nDrying Homemade Pasta, or Storing it in the Freezer (Culinate)\n\nBob’s Semolina for Pasta (Amazon)\n\nHow to Roll and Cut Homemade Pasta by Hand (TLC)\n\nHow to Make Homemade Pasta (Clifford A. Wright)\n\nColored Pasta (Italian Food About.com)\n\n## Never miss a post!\n\n## You might also like\n\n * Pesto Recipe\n\n * Macaroni and Cheese\n\n * Wild Garlic (or Ramps) Pasta\n\nCategories: Extras Recipes\n\nTags: eggs flour lasagna noodles pasta pate semolina\n\n## 105 comments\n\n * charsiew\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 10:22am\n\nlooks absolutely delicious...can feel it’s unctuous goodness in my belly\nalready. anything with crispy bacon and anchovies is my kind of ideal meal on\na lazy, cool day :)\n\n * ND\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 11:10am\n\nVery cool post! One advantage of store-bought pasta is that most of the decent\n(Italian) brands are bronze-extruded – it is possible to make fresh bronze-\nextruded pasta at home, but only with fairly expensive equipment.\n\n * Kathryn\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 11:45am\n\nI’ve been wondering about the kitchenaid pasta attachment and whether it\nactually worked so it’s nice to hear your vote of confidence. I am very lazy\nabout making pasta at home – I’m far more likely to knock up a bunch of\ngnocchi – but I would really like to start trying again. Thanks for the\nencouragement!\n\n * Thanh @ eat, little bird\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:00pm\n\nYour recipe for pasta is quite interesting with half flour and half semolina –\nI have yet to try that. I also have a pasta attachment for my KitchenAid and I\nthink it is brilliant in that it allows you to handle the pasta with both\nhands, which is good if you are making pasta solo.\n\n * David\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 3:56pm\n\nThe pasta attachment works really well. I haven’t tried many other machines,\nexcept I used to have a hand-cranked one and it required a little bit of\ndexterity to grasp the pasta with your hands while turning the crank. I’ve\nalso used mine for rolling out crackers (with semolina) and it works great.\n\n * Sigrid\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:13pm\n\nI’m this close to buying a hand-cranked noodle machine. What has been keeping\nme is the fact that I’m still conviced you need at least three hands to handle\nthe dow and the machine, at least at the end of rolling. One to fill in the\ndough, one to catch the pasta coming out of the machine, and the third for\ncranking. No?\n\n * Hans\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:14pm\n\nGreat post! I would advise to first take a little of the flour away, since you\nnever know how the eggs and flour will interact. If the dough is too smooth\nyou can still add some more flour. What really got me into making my own paste\nwere those two lovely ladies:\nhttp://www.youtube.com/watch?v=wik43wY_Z-c&feature=relmfu\n\n * Jordan\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:34pm\n\nWhere do you find semolina in Paris? The standard grocery stores don’t seem to\ncarry it and I even went to an organic market and with 40 types of flour they\ndidn’t have it either...I’ve just started making my own pasta at home and it’s\nwonderful even with just normal flour but would love to try with the semolina!\n\n * David\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 3:55pm\n\nGrocery stores or supermarkets in Paris wouldn’t carry semolina. I get mine at\none of the Indian food shops up behind the gare du Nord & it’s not very\nexpensive. I’ve also seen it in shops that sell Arabic ingredients as well.\n\nUpdate: Oops, a few people noted that grocery stores in France do carry\nsemolina. Scroll down to see comments about availability. – dl\n\n * Beth Sachs (@jamandcream)\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:35pm\n\nI really need to have a go at homemade pasta....for some reason it has scared\nme. Must not be defeated before I even give it a try though. I need to get the\npasta attachment for my Kitchen Aid\n\n * Sigrid\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:41pm\n\n@Jordan: I’m quite sure I found semolina (semoule) at my Monoprix. If not then\nat one of the bio-stores. Can’t check with the Monoprix website because it’s\ndown but maybe try there later or look again.\n\n * Tanya @ Lovely Greens\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:45pm\n\nYour pasta looks amazing! Definite inspiration for a pasta meal tonight :) I\nremember seeing a tutorial somewhere on cutting fetticine without a machine –\nI’d have to do it that way myself. Apparently you roll your dough as thin as\npossible then roll it up into a ‘swiss roll’ before slicing it with a knife.\n\n * Jordan\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 12:48pm\n\nThanks! I will check out the Monoprix...I just can’t wait for summer to get\nsome good basil for pesto!\n\n * anuja\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 1:08pm\n\ni’ve recently started dabbling with fresh pasta. last time i made ravioli,\nalthough good to taste, i find the texture was a little hard. is it because i\nkneaded it too much or too little? the dough was fairly soft though.\n\n * John\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 1:17pm\n\nWondering why you’re not using 00 flour, I thought that was generally\npreferred for pasta?\n\n * Ana_ILTdP\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 1:55pm\n\nI want to make pasta since a long time ago, but first I didn’t have space and\ntime, now, what I don’t have is a real excuse ;) I hope I can make this\nrecipe! Thanks a lot!!\n\n * Kim\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 2:02pm\n\nI love preparing fresh pasta. I do it for a couple of moths now. But I have to\nadmitt, I never tried a recipe with flour and semolina, just one or another. I\nshall give a try to this recipe!\n\n * sandra\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 2:40pm\n\nAm I right in thinking you use semolina to beef up the strength of the flour?\nI confess to being more of a bread baker, I’ve been having problems with the\nsofter flour we seem to be getting in Spain recently and I decided to try an\nexperiment. I have ground some dried Duram wheat pasta and intend to add that\nto the flour mix and see what happens. Hoping for a loftier loaf.....am also\ngoing to try vinegar, lecithin and egg in different batches to compare. Any\nthoughts?\n\n * kate hill\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 3:44pm\n\nBravo David! my grandmother taught me this same method when I was in my 20’s.\nHer ration for handcut noodles was based on one egg per person, just like your\nrecipe. . She used a broom stick to roll out the dough into a thin circle;\nthen after a heavy sprinkle of flour, lightly rolled the dough around the\nbroomstick, slid the broomstick out and cut it in narrow ribbons. No machine\nneeded, I still do it this way. Takes about 10 minutes start to finish!\n\nWhipping up a batch of fresh homemade pasta at a moment’s notice is child’s\nplay and the bragging rights are a great return for a small investment of time\nand practice. thanks for passing this on!\n\n * john personna\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 4:22pm\n\nMy favorite is the buckwheat substitution ... though I forget now the ratio.\n\n * Amber\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 4:25pm\n\nWonderful! Delicious photos.\n\n * Zia Elle\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 4:29pm\n\nI made home fresh pasta since I was 5 years. I used to do it with my mom. One\nof the best things she gave me :) Here my recipe step by step\nhttp://incucinaconziaelle.blogspot.com/2010/03/scuola-di-cucina-le-fettuccine-\ne-i.html\n\n * sdoublait\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 4:36pm\n\nIt is uncanny how much your posts answer my current food questions. Homemade\npasta is my goal for 2012. As soon as I get moved into my new house, I am\ngoing to crank it out until it is perfected. Bookmarking this post because it\nis so detailed and well written.\n\nThanks!!!\n\n * Sara\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 4:49pm\n\nThank you! I have had many unsuccesssful attempts, and I can’t wait to try\nagain with your instructions. Now I can get to work on one of my new years\nresolutions, mastering homemade pasta! How did you know I needed you to write\na post on this?????\n\n * Vikki\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 5:10pm\n\nThanks for posting this David. It makes me want to start making my own pasta\nagain. I used to make Marcella Hazan’s lasagna that is in her first book —\nEssentials of Classic Italian Cooking and it is probably the favorite dish I\never made and the most delicious. Everything is homemade, the noodles,\nbolognese(which cooks for 3 hours) and the bechamel sauce but so worth the\ntime it takes. I’ll never forget the looks on people’s faces whenever they\ntook the first bite. I made the noodles on the hand crank machine and was not\nan experienced cook then but her instructions made everything so easy. Her\nrecipe is listed on Epicurious but sadly they don’t give instructions for the\nhandmade noodles, and don’t state that they are supposed to be spinach noodles\n— a very important part!\n\n * Sigrid\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 5:37pm\n\nOne more time re the Semolina: Chez Monoprix they have a “Semoule moyenne,\n100% blé dur, qualité supérieure” ( http://courses.monoprix.fr/magasin-en-\nligne/achat-acheter-Semoule-moyenne-100pour100-ble-dur-qualite-\nsuperieure-689,,,.html ).\n\nWould that be too coarse?\n\n * Ann\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 5:41pm\n\nI like the idea of not cooking the pasta before putting it in the lasagne but\nare you adding enough liquid to completely cover the top layer of pasta?\n\n * Vicki B\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 5:46pm\n\nYou have a way of making things sound less scary. Here’s my favorite lady to\nwatch roll out pasta- http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=zAd4w72alGg\n\n * Sharon T\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 5:47pm\n\nI love making my own pasta! So quick and simple that it can even been done at\nthe last minute. While I normally make a basic flour and egg version like\nyours, my favorite is one that I learned in Italy. Equal parts semolina, 00\nflour, and corn flour. It is so good and has a great texture. Thanks so much\nfor the post!\n\n * angela\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 5:54pm\n\nI absolutely love fresh pasta but always thought life was too short to make it\nmyself. However I recently acquired a pasta machine (€3 Emaus – thrift store)\nand am eager to use it! Excellent timing! Thanks.\n\n * Alex\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:00pm\n\nWhen you described fresh pasta tossed with olive oil, garlic, bacon, and chili\nflakes, I instantly got hungry!\n\n * Lan\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:14pm\n\nonce the pasta has been formed/shaped and doesn’t require any more handling,\ncan it then be frozen for later use?\n\n * Annika\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:22pm\n\nHm. After you wrote about candy thermometers just after I got myself one, you\nare now writing about fresh pasta after I have been given a pasta maker for\nChristmas. Excellent, how you tailor your blog to my needs! ;o)\n\n * Nikki\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:22pm\n\nOhhhh, been throwing around making fresh pasta for a while and you convinced\nme. Going to try to tackle this and macarons too, wish me luck.\n\n * Vicki Bensinger\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:29pm\n\nThis has been on my To Do List for quite sometime. Now you’ve inspired me.\nHave you ever tried making whole wheat pasta? If so what flours do you\nrecommend?\n\n * Juan Carlos\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:36pm\n\nI have made the pasta using a rolling pin, and although doable in a pinch, the\nmachine makes it so much better. You need a very large surface to roll out\n400+ grams of dough and rolling it very thin is difficult. The pasta does get\nfatter when cooked, so I’ve ended up with unsightly fat linguini.\n\n * Susan\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:37pm\n\nBoy, you aren’t kidding about the rolling pin method being a challange. The\none time I made fresh pasta I got quite a workout pushing and pushing that\npin, over and over, to get the dough rolled thin enough for my liking. It was\ndelicious, though, and I have thought many times about making it again. Thanks\nfor the inspiration to get me on it again..\n\n * Will\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 6:41pm\n\nI wonder how many of your readers (myself included) are going to be making\nfresh pasta tonight?\n\n * Hans\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 7:06pm\n\nOne problem with making pasta fresca that I haven’t been able to solve is how\nto store the pasta for a couple of hours before cooking. Either the pasta\nsticks or it becomes so dry that it breaks apart. I’m very bad at making those\npasta nests, so do you have any other suggestion for me?\n\n * Cindy\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 7:13pm\n\nI finally worked up the nerve just last week to make fresh lasagna noodles and\nwhat a treat! Does not even compare to store-bought. Very thin, tender,\nfabulous. I have the KitchenAid attachment and it worked like a charm. I\ndidn’t use semolina but I will next time. I use it quite a bit in bread but\nsince this was my first shot at pasta making I wanted to follow the recipe\nexactly.\n\nTo all of you out there who may be a bit apprehensive about this I say GO FOR\nIT!\n\n * Jillian@TheHumbleGourmet\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 7:42pm\n\nYum! I’ve always been a bit intimidated by homemade pasta, but I will\ndefinitely have to give it a try now.\n\n * Zee\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 7:46pm\n\nNo brand can beat the awesomeness of home made pasta\n\n * Heidi @ Food Doodles\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 7:47pm\n\nLooks fantastic! I love making pasta – it’s amazingly delicious compared to\nany thing store bought, and much more filling I’ve found. I haven’t tried a\nlasagna with my fresh noodles though – I’ll have to try it soon :D\n\n * Tags\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 7:47pm\n\nMarcella Hazan says in her book “Marcella Cucina” that hand rolled pasta is\nbest, and gives instructions on how to do it.\n\nFortunately, there is a video that shows someone pretty much following her\ninstructions to the letter here.\n\n * Stile Mediterraneo Cooking Italy\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 7:58pm\n\nOh David! making fresh tagliatelle pasta is one the most relaxing and fun\nthings we have in Italy. Making fresh tagliatelle in my home region, Puglia,\nis even easier than the tagliatelle you made. In Puglia and all other Southern\nItalian regions we make all fresh pasta (even tagliatelle) without eggs and\nonly with water and semolina. This because our cuisine is much lighter than in\nthe North of Italy: we only use eggs for the gnocchi or for the stuffed pasta\n(ravioli). I think this is great as it can be quite hard to get the right\ndough, using eggs, as the texture changes depending on the egg size. But any\nfresh pasta is delicious as there is nothing better than eating the pasta you\nmade yourself! Buona pasta!\n\n * Edwina\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 8:04pm\n\nDavid, this is so beautiful. Since we now have gluten, egg and corn allergies\nin the family, I can no longer do this...my pasta machine is all lonely in a\ndark corner of the cupboard...if only there was a great gluten and egg free\nversion...\n\n * Heike\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 8:17pm\n\nThanks David... looks delicious... I’m starving :)\n\n * Alana D\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 8:34pm\n\nI am so very impressed by ppl who make their own pasta,great job!\n\n * Joan\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 8:36pm\n\nI use Marcella Hazan’s recipe. I love her tip for how long to knead the dough:\nuntil it feels like a baby’s skin.\n\n * Keefieboy\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 8:46pm\n\nI’ve never attempted making pasta because every recipe I’ve ever seen calls\nfor 00 Durum wheat flour and I ain’t never seen that not nowhere. But 50/50\nsemolina and normal flour? Hell yeah, I can do that! Might even go and buy\nmyself a machine...\n\n * K@rsten\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 8:51pm\n\nFor the last couple of years, I have been making fresh pasta. This Saturday, I\nwill have another ravioli-session with one of my cooking-mates. We have been\nmaking a mushroom-ricotta-parmesan filling before, as well as a ricotta-\nparmesan-mozarella-ham filling. But would you (or your readers) maybe have\nsome nice suggestions for another ravioli-filling?\n\n * Deanna\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:11pm\n\nThe other option for mixing the dough is to do it in a food processor. Or at\nleast that’s how we did it in culinary school. I think it was add the flour\nand the egg yolks, then drizzle in water until a ball formed. It has been\nawhile since I’ve made pasta and I can’t remember the specifics.\n\n * Erica\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:11pm\n\nAre eggs always required in the recipe? To me that says, egg noodles...those\nnasty things you eat with school lunchroom beef stroganov.\n\n * lorenzo\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:12pm\n\nDavid–I have a question. Like yourself, I love the simplicity of making fresh\npasta: it’s just the egg, flour & salt; a wonder. Some recipes call for a bit\nof oil. What does the oil do? Is pasta with a touch of oil more appropriate\nfor some sugo’s than others?\n\nBTW, Monterey Market in Berkeley now sells in bulk 00 (double zero) pasta\nflour–the Italian designation for flour intended for pasta–which works very\nnicely.\n\n–lorenzo\n\n * Kaili\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:12pm\n\nAny tips on how to store the fresh pasta and can it be stored in the freezer?\n\nI would always use self-made pasta sheets uncooked in a lasagne or in\ncanneloni. Cooking the fresh tagliatelle goes really fast, it only takes a few\nminutes in simmering water.\n\nI have the machine that is attached to the table or kitchen counter, but find\nit really difficult. Where is the machine attached to on the photos?\n\nA tip for anyone thinking of buying a machine – please check that you have a\nspace at your kitchen counter or table edge deep enough to attach it.\n\n * David\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:16pm\n\nDeanna: You certainly could, although my food processor has 5 various parts\nand the clean-up...!\n\nErica: There are people that only use water to make pasta. A few previous\ncommenters mentioned that’s what they do.\n\nKeefieboy: I’ve only seen Italian 00 flour once in Paris, and I can’t remember\nwhere, but I know from working in a restaurant that made a lot of fresh pasta\neveryday that you can make very good pasta without it.\n\nJuan: I would divide it into pieces if rolling it by hand. You’re right,\nthat’s a lot of roll at the same time.\n\nKaili: I have the KitchenAid pasta attachment, and that’s what it’s attached\nto. I like it a lot, however it’s a bit of an investment.\n\n * Julie @BananasForBourbon\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:33pm\n\nI just made fresh pasta yesterday! How about that. I did a white whole wheat\nflour and semolina flour mix. It turned out delicious. And it was the first\ntime using my new pasta KitchenAid attachment set. I’ve only made pasta by\nhand-rolling/cutting previously. It’s like learning to drive a car with a\nmanual transmission and then switching to an automatic a year later. I have\nsuch a higher appreciation for the mechanized roller than if I have never\nattempted pasta by hand. I see much more pasta in my future. I especially love\nthe sound of that lasagne. Maybe I’ll develop my own recipe. Thanks for the\ninspiration! ;)\n\n * David\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:36pm\n\nOne thing great about lasagne is that it’s hard to go wrong. I like a lot of\ngreens in mine and I had some leftover ground pork to use up (in fact, most of\nit was using leftovers) – and it went well with the homemade pasta. The other\ngood thing about lasagne with fresh noodles is that it doesn’t really matter\nhow perfect they look.\n\n * Phyllis Kirigin\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 9:44pm\n\nYes, David, who doesn’t love pasta, especially homemade? Dried is good, but\nthere is a delicacy and silkiness to the homemade. As an avid pasta maker, let\nme add just a couple of suggestions. Instead of hanging the newly cut pasta\nribbons to dry, dredge them in a little semolina or flour, gather them up in\nsmall bundles and swirl into nests on top of a floured towel. Every now and\nthen, scoop them up and lower them again. They’re much easier to store this\nway, should you make a large batch.\n\nThe pasta sheets you would use for lasagna can also be used to make ravioli.\nNo ravioli maker needed. Just lay out a sheet (it will be about 4 inches wide)\nand place heaping teaspoons of filling along one length spaced so that when\nyou fold in half, you can cut between them with a pizza wheel to form square\nraviolis. Google a recipe for a pumpkin or squash filling, seal just one side\nwith water (not egg) and simmer in water until done. Place in a brown butter\nand sage leaf sauce. Nothing store-bought will taste as good.\n\nTo see what a finished lasagna can look like, check out\nhttp://sweetpaprika.wordpress.com/2010/08/15/lasagna-northern-italian-style/\n\n * Cyndy\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 10:26pm\n\nK@rsten, I had a lovely butternut squash ravioli once. Similar to this\nhttp://allrecipes.com/recipe/butternut-squash-ravioli-with-sage-brown-butter-\nsauce/ Also a pesto ravioli. there’s an interesting shrimp & pesto ravioli\nrecipe here http://www.exit109.com/~mstevens/shrimrav.html (I hope I’m allowed\nto give url’s here...\n\n * Amber\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 10:27pm\n\nBeautiful photos and good tips. The first time I made homemade pasta dough, I\ndidn’t have an attachment yet for my stand mixer. Ended up rolling it with a\npin, and it was so thick that it was really only appropriate for soup. (But it\nwas really good in soup!) I haven’t been brave enough to add any herbs or\nspices, but you’re inspiring me to give it a try again! Thanks!\n\n * David\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 1:14pm\n\nIt’s really hard to get pasta thin enough by hand – even though those Italian\ncooks and grandmothers make it look so easy (!) With a roller, it’s not at all\nhard to get it right. But like most things, it can take a few times to get it\nright. Luckily the ingredients are inexpensive and it’s not such a bad thing\nto have lots of pasta around...is it? ; )\n\n * Joan Sherman\n\nJanuary 9, 2012 11:11pm\n\nI just made my favorite recipe for lasagna from a 1984 Bon Appetit article by\nGiuliano Bugialli. It is a fresh green pepper and garlic pasta with a very\nsmooth red pepper tomato sauce flavored with garlic and parsley and then\nlayered with bechamel and parmesan cheese. Everytime I have made it for my\nfriends and family.The response is always the same and unbeknowst to each\nother, they have repeated the same phrase which is “It was like heaven” It is\na allot of work but quite worth it. The folded over thin pasta strips make for\na crispy outer edge. I hope you can find the recipe. I use my pasta machine\nand it works very well for all my pasta needs... Thanks again for you\nwonderful blog..\n\n * Renee Iseson\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 12:04am\n\nWe love to make fresh pasta at home and also get the kids involved with\ncranking the machine. It’s great fun and they tend to eat more when they’ve\nhad a hand in helping out. (Now, only if I could get them to wash the dishes!)\n\nI love that it takes less than 3 minutes to cook too, unlike box pasta which\nhas to rehydrate. The only bad part is the drying of the pasta. Need one of\nthose racks or you’ll end up with pasta strewn about your kitchen.\n\nThanks for the reminder of this. Have to break out the machine soon!\n\n * Lemon\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 12:06am\n\nI tried to make fresh pasta by myself some years ago. The result was, how to\nsay, my family ate it, but it was not really delicious. Since then I have\nnever tried again. This post inspires me to retry.\n\n * Kathy Douthit\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 12:15am\n\nDavid....as for the semolina. Every grocery store where I live in France (le\ntrou noir...LOL) carries it. You find it in the section where you would find\npreparations for polenta, and also where the pastas, rices, and dried beans\nare. “La semoule pour fabriquer les pâtes se trouve en supermarché sous le nom\nde semoule fine de blé dur.”\nhttp://www.meilleurduchef.com/cgi/mdc/forum/fr?f=recettes&id=1175613319-32456-1907\nEvery time I have been looking for cornmeal for polenta, I saw semoule. In\nparticular you can find it at Leader Price. Not at all difficult to find.\n\n * skye\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 12:37am\n\nPerfect timing! I just received a hand-crank pasta machine for Christmas and\nI’m chomping at the bit to try it. I made your sea-salt caramels for my father\nlast month and they were a breeze, the instructions were very clear and\nconcise, so I feel confident this recipe will go just as smoothly. Thanks!\n\n * Norine\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 12:40am\n\nThanks for the great instructions. I’ve never made pasta from scratch, so it’s\nnow a New Year’s resolution.\n\n * Lise Desjardins\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 12:41am\n\nBonsoir David. Your post has inspired us but I would like to know if one can\nfreeze pasta for later use and how. Ici au Québec, on vend des pâtes fraîches\nsous vide. Est-ce que ça voudrait dire que nous pourrions les conserver grâce\nà un appareil-maison qui retire l’air et scelle les aliments? Also, I got your\nnew newsletter offer but am not sure if I got it right. It says to “click on\nthe link” but I am not savvy sooo, I cliqued here and there but recived no\nconfirmation I actually made it. I did read the first and hope I somehow got\nthrough. Je me croise les doigts. Merci.\n\n * J.T.\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 1:08am\n\nI’ve only tried making homemade pasta once and I was very discouraged because\nthe texture in the final product was very tough. I’m not sure if I kneaded it\ntoo much or if I am just too rookie. I used a pie rolling pin to roll out the\ndough and, like you said, it was very difficult to get the pasta very thin.\nAny advice?\n\n * Carolyn Z\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 2:14am\n\nIn another lifetime, I was a manager in a volunteer organization. To\naccommodate my then mate, I made pasta dinners for 12 completely from scratch.\nHe said the pasta was too eggy. I loved it. Problem was, no one ever helped\nout with the dishes. And jewelry would be missing. In particular, a beloved\nruby necklace given to me by my godparents.\n\nMaybe that’s why I am a keeper with someone else!\n\n * Tim\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 3:05am\n\nDavid, about the color change in your photos: if your camera allows you to set\nthe white balance, do it using a white card before each photo session. That\nadjusts the camera so that white is white no matter what the light is. But\nyour food photography is wonderful, no matter what the color of the light is.\n\n * David\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 1:12pm\n\nI actually have a white balance “lens cover” that is supposed to correct that,\nbut I haven’t tried it. Although you’re right – I should use a white balance\ncard. However for this post, the color of the dough does change as it sits for\na while. So I thought it worth pointing out the variation.\n\n * Kelly\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 3:32am\n\nI use the same recipe, but I add a pinch of salt.\n\n * tomatoejane\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 4:50am\n\nHi, David, a voice in the wilderness here. All of a sudden my phone is giving\nme no choice but to see your blog in Mobile Device format, which wouldn’t be\nso bad but in that format I cannot see any comments because the ‘see comments’\nbutton does not work. Very frustrated, because I love all the comments and\nyour replies. Also love the pasta post. Mmmmmm!\n\nThe mobile format was just installed and is being tweaked and will include\ncomments. It may take a few days for the web folks to get that taken care of\n-dl\n\n * Lara\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 4:51am\n\nThis post coincides perfectly with my big Christmas gift — a pasta roller!\nI’ve been dying to make homemade ravioli, but using a wine bottle (as I’ve\nbeen known to do more than once) to roll out the pasta dough never seems to\nget that paper thinness I’m looking for. I’ve never used Semolina flour —\ncan’t wait to give this a try!\n\n * John\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 4:54am\n\nDefinitely a newbie question, and probably an ignorant one, but does fresh\npasta take a different amount of time to cook than dried?\n\n * Claudia\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 5:55am\n\nYou are reminding me, it’s time. It’s January – it’s perfect. I love how you\ndeftly side-stepped, “recipe, please/”\n\n * Brigette\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 7:48am\n\nI am looking forward to making this homemade pasta recipe. David, your posts\nare so inspiring, because you explain things so well, especially for an\namateur cook like myself. And the photos...Gorgeous!\n\n * Jellybean\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 8:35am\n\nI’ve always wondered about the part where after first initial rolling of the\ndough, it gets folded in half or thirds and fed into the roller again. Do you\nknow why that is done?\n\n * Evangelina Elliott\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 1:10pm\n\nAaawww..... ALWAYS read your blog with so much pleasure. Really one of my\nfavorites. Comment before mine... I agree totally. <3\n\n * Mattias\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 2:14pm\n\nHey david, looks really good. Check out my video how to make hand rolled\ntrofie. Thanks for a inspiring blog.\n\nhttp://www.minugnarmintv.se/2012/01/09/film-the-shape-of-trofie/\n\n * David\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 2:27pm\n\nI love that! Great video and shaping technique..thanks for sharing\n\n * Joy\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 6:00pm\n\nGreat step-by-step post! Maybe this will inspire me to dust off my never-been-\nused pasta attachment as well! =)\n\n * kitchenvoyage\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 8:15pm\n\nVery good skills, I love all kind of pasta, if you are interested in Argentina\nPasta take a look at my last post http://bit.ly/yPLOs3\n\n * Anna\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 9:35pm\n\nwow, it’s so simple, but so beautiful. i want to have what you’re having\ntonight too!\n\n * Nikki @Pennies on a Platter\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 10:21pm\n\nThank you, David. You have really encouraged me to make my own pasta. I’ve\nalways wanted to, but your photos and explanation have made it so simple. I’m\nexcited to get started!\n\n * Vicki\n\nJanuary 10, 2012 11:34pm\n\nI’m dying to try and make whole wheat orecchiette — heard it’s great with\nbroccoli and anchovy sauce...\n\n * Mallory\n\nJanuary 11, 2012 12:49am\n\nIt has been much too long since I last made homemade pasta. Definitely on my\nto-do list. But first I am going to tackle macarons for my friends b-day. I\ncan’t wait to try out your recipe!\n\n * Deb\n\nJanuary 11, 2012 2:33pm\n\nMom made fresh noodles (back in the days before it was pasta) with a rolling\npin. She would cover the entire kitchen table with a sheet of the dough rolled\nout, roll it up like a cinnamon roll and then cut the strips. After letting it\ndry for a while she’d bring a (home canned) jar of pork shoulder chunks to a\nboil and then stir in the noodles. The dish made it’s own gravy from the extra\nflour the noodles were dusted with. Even my sis who has been a vegetarian for\nover 40 years still drools when she thinks of that meal. ;>\n\nI haven’t made noodles for years because I don’t have a big enough place to\nroll it out. Guess it’s time to buy another attachment for my KitchenAid. ;>\n\nI’ve bought fresh pasta – I find it well wrapped in the refrigerated case. I’d\nsuppose I could store any excess the same way for a few days?\n\nAbout your new newsletter format, do we need to sign up if we’re already on\nyour list? I have such a slow connection I’d hate to get it twice.\n\n * beena\n\nJanuary 11, 2012 5:14pm\n\nBeautiful! Your post makes me feel hungry....\n\n * Nicole\n\nJanuary 12, 2012 3:52am\n\nThat first photo makes me want to get right in my kitchen and make homemade\npasta immediately. I’ve made it with a rolling pin before, but it would\ndefinitely have been better if I had a pasta roller.\n\n * nilda\n\nJanuary 12, 2012 4:03am\n\nDavid: Thank you for your marvelous ideas.\n\nMy mother used to make fresh pasta in Barcelona and she would add herbs,\nolives and chorizo to the dough. It tasted like paella once it was boiled and\nserved. She served it with sangria instead of Italian wine. Oh, those fun day.\n\nHappy New Year!\n\n * Dan Toombs - The Curry Guy\n\nJanuary 12, 2012 9:46am\n\nHi David\n\nI’ve been making my own pasta since I was a kid so reading your post has made\nme quite hungry.\n\nLove the pictures and how you explain everything right down to the last\ndetail. Great suggestions as well.\n\nI am currently ten months into a year of eating and cooking nothing but Indian\nfood but may just have to cheat a bit and make some fresh curried pasta.\n\nThanks for the post.\n\nDan\n\n * Nari\n\nJanuary 14, 2012 12:11am\n\nWhen you are eating fresh pasta, there’s really nothing better you can imagine\neating instead of it! This is very close to the recipe I use, but I’ll try\nthis one, too, for sure!!\n\n * Fay\n\nJanuary 14, 2012 7:20pm\n\nHi David! I like your blog but I hope soon everybody will use only wholemeal\nflour! White one as dangerous as poison with no benefit.\n\n * Betty\n\nJanuary 15, 2012 5:23am\n\nWhat number setting on the kitchen aid roller did you use? I’ve made fresh\npasta a number of times but can never seem to get the thickness right. Thanks!\n\n * Liz\n\nJanuary 16, 2012 5:33am\n\nPerfect timing! I haven’t gotten around to putting away the manual pasta-maker\nmy grandma had gotten me at least 10 years ago, which has stayed deep in my\npantry this whole time, until I just recently pulled it out to see if I could\nturn it into a residential sheeter for laminated pastry dough. That didn’t\nwork out, but it made me realize I really should get around to making some\nfresh pasta with it. Your post is the final inspiration, and tomorrow there\nwill be lasagne.\n\n * Lina\n\nJanuary 18, 2012 2:35am\n\nJust made this for dinner and it was the first time I’ve made fresh pasta and\nactually saw a glimmer of hope that I’ll be competent at it some day. So\nthanks!\n\n * Kristine\n\nJanuary 19, 2012 9:32pm\n\nThank you for this post! I have had recurring dreams of late that I am\nshopping for ingredients to make pasta dough, but frustratingly never complete\nthe task. So I’m setting out to make ravioli from scratch, and this post will\nreally help! Your language is delicious.\n\n * Cookinggeek\n\nJanuary 20, 2012 6:27pm\n\nHi David, I find it difficult to find the perfect flour for homemade pasta. I\nknow that flour should contain a lot of protein. I remember the best soup I\nate was with a pasta made by my grandmother but her recipe was lost. You pasta\nlooks exactly like hers so I will surely give your recipe to my wife :) Cheers\n\n * shelly\n\nJanuary 24, 2012 7:45am\n\nThank you! the recipe and you are very clear. Will give it a try...\n\n * Kate\n\nJanuary 29, 2012 11:21am\n\nWhat a wonderful post! I had some successful experiments making gnocchi\nrecently but I`ve yet to make fresh pasta like this! Having a pasta machine\nwould obviously simplify things...\n\n * Hanna Holmgren\n\nJanuary 30, 2012 9:32pm\n\nFresh pasta is the best! Excellent description! :D\n\n * Hanna Holmgren\n\nJanuary 30, 2012 10:47pm\n\nFresh pasta is the best! 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"original_url": "https://leitesculinaria.com/40229/recipes-homemade-pasta-dough.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211017203946/https://leitesculinaria.com/40229/recipes-homemade-pasta-dough.html",
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"title": "Homemade Pasta Dough Recipe",
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"| | 178published Jan 24, 2019 posted by LC Editors | photos by Ryland Peters & Small This post may contain affiliate links. Please read our disclosure policy.",
"This homemade pasta dough is foolproof and easy to make by hand or with your stand mixer with just eggs, flour, olive oil, and salt. Italian through and through. Here’s how.",
"Homemade pasta dough—we’re talking the fresh stuff made from scratch in your own kitchen according to Italian tradition—has a taste and texture that’s every iota as spectacular as you’d imagine. There are countless subtle variations on how to make fresh pasta, some quite a lot more complicated than others, yet this straightforward recipe relies on just flour, eggs, salt, and olive oil. Authentically Italian through and through. And lovely and tender enough to make you weep. [Editor’s Note: Wondering how much fresh pasta you should make? It may take a little divining–or practical experience—on your part to find your personal preference, but the author suggests allowing approximately 1 egg to 3/4 cup flour per entrée portion.]–Renee Schettler",
"The magic of this particular recipe can be found in its mixture of 50% Italian “00” flour* (which is lower in gluten than most American flours, it’s an exceptionally light, almost powdery flour that yields dough that is softer and suppler and easier to work with) and 50% Farina di Semola (finely ground, pale yellow, hard durum wheat flour for making pasta and some bread).",
"The homemade pasta dough that results has just the perfect firmness—kindly note that the pasta dough should require some serious effort when kneading. When kneading or rolling the dough, be careful not to add too much flour, or your pasta will be tough and taste floury.",
"00 flour, which is traditionally used in Italian kitchens for homemade pasta dough, isn’t inexpensive. But it’s worth its weight in gold—or fresh homemade pasta. It can be a little tricky to find 00 flour in some regions but chances are you’ll find it at most specialty stores, some grocery stores, and, natch, online.",
"Break the eggs into the well. Add the oil and a pinch of salt to the well. If you’re coloring your homemade pasta dough, you’ll want to add the ingredient now. (See How To Color Homemade Pasta Dough below.)",
"Gradually mix the egg mixture into the flour using the fingers of one hand, bringing the ingredients together into a firm dough. If the dough feels too dry, simply add a little water, a few drops at a time, up to a couple tablespoons; if the dough feels too wet, add a little more flour. Don’t worry, you’ll soon grow accustomed to how the dough should feel after you’ve made it a few times.) Note that you don’t want to add too much flour or your pasta will be tough and taste floury.",
"Knead the pasta dough until it’s smooth, 2 to 5 minutes. Lightly massage it with a touch of olive oil, tuck the dough in a resealable plastic bag, and let it rest at room temperature for at least 30 minutes. The pasta will be much more elastic after resting than it was before.",
"[Editor’s Note: You could opt to roll the pasta dough by hand using a long wooden rolling pin, although a pasta machine makes for far less work.] Feed the pasta dough through a pasta machine set on the widest setting. As the sheet of pasta dough comes out of the machine, fold it into thirds and then feed it through the rollers again, still on the widest setting. Pass the pasta through this same setting a total of 4 or 5 times. This takes the place of kneading the pasta dough and ensures the resulting pasta is silky smooth.",
"Pass the sheet of pasta dough through the machine again, repeatedly, gradually reducing the settings, one pass at a time, until the pasta achieves the desired thickness. Your sheet of pasta dough will become quite long—if you have trouble keeping the dough from folding onto itself or if you are making ravioli, cut the sheet of dough in half and feed each half through separately. Generally the second-from-last setting is best for tagliatelle and the last setting is best for ravioli and any other shapes that are to be filled.",
"After the sheet of pasta dough has reached the requisite thickness, hang it over a broom handle or the back of a chair to dry a little—this will make cutting it easier in humid weather, as it will not be so sticky. Or, if you’re in a hurry, you can dust the pasta with a little flour and place it on clean kitchen towels and let it rest for just a short spell.",
"Shape the pasta by hand (see instructions below) or pass the pasta through the chosen cutters (tagliolini, tagliatelle, etc.) and then drape the cut pasta over the broom handle or chair back again to dry just a little, until ready to cook. (Alternatively, you can toss the cut pasta again lightly in flour—preferably semolina flour—and lay it out in loose bundles on a tray lined with a clean kitchen towel.) Use the pasta as soon as possible before it sticks together or place it in a resealable plastic bag and stash it in the freezer.",
"Tagliatelle On a lightly floured surface, roll or fold one side of the sheet of dough loosely towards the center of the sheet, then repeat with the other side so that they almost meet in the middle. Gently fold one side on top of the other, but do not press down on the fold. Cut the dough into thin slices with a sharp knife, slicing through the folded dough quickly and deftly in a single motion. (It takes very little practice to get the hang of this.) Immediately unravel the slices to reveal the pasta ribbons. (You can do this by inserting the dull side of a large knife into each slice and gently shaking it loose. If you wait, they will stick together. Trust us.) Hang the pasta to dry a little before cooking or dust it well with semolina flour and arrange in loose nests on a tray lined with a clean kitchen towel.",
"Pappardelle On a lightly floured surface, cut the dough into wide ribbons using a fluted pastry cutter. Hang the pasta to dry a little before cooking.",
"Tortellini On a lightly floured surface, stamp out rounds of pasta using a round cookie cutter. Pipe or spoon your favorite filling into the middle of each round. Brush the edges with beaten egg and carefully fold the round into a crescent shape, pressing the dough around the filling to push out any trapped air. Using your fingertips, bend the 2 corners of the crescent around to meet one another in the center and press well to seal. Repeat with the remaining dough. Let dry on a floured kitchen towel for about 30 minutes before cooking.",
"Ravioli If your pasta dough is still in a single sheet, cut it into 2 equal portions. Cover one portion of the dough with a clean kitchen towel or plastic wrap while you work with the rest of the dough. Spoon small mounds (about 1 teaspoon) of filling on the dough in even rows, spacing them at 1 1/2-inch intervals. Using a pastry brush, lightly coat the dough between the mounds with beaten egg. Using a rolling pin, carefully drape the reserved sheet of dough on top of the mounds, pressing down firmly between the pockets of filling to push out any trapped air. Use a serrated ravioli cutter, a pastry cutter, or a sharp knife, cut the ravioli into squares. Transfer the ravioli to a floured kitchen towel to rest for 1 hour before cooking.",
"You will need about 4 quarts water and 3 tablespoons of salt for every 13 to 18 ounces of fresh or dried pasta. It is the large volume of water that will prevent the pasta from sticking together. Bring the salted water to a boil in a large pot or saucepan. Throw the pasta into the water. Stir the pasta immediately after you add it to the water and perhaps once again. Stir the pasta only once or twice. If you’ve used enough water and you stir the pasta as it goes in, it shouldn’t stick.",
"DO NOT COVER the pot or the water will boil over. Quickly bring the pasta back to a rolling boil, stir, and boil until al dente, or firm to the bite, about 2 minutes. The pasta should not have a hard center or be soggy and floppy. If following a specified cooking time, calculate it from the moment the pasta starts to boil again and have a colander ready for draining.",
"☞ Tester tip: Cooking times for fresh and dried pasta vary according to the size and quality of the pasta. The only way to check is to taste it. However, the basic method of cooking remains the same.",
"Drain the pasta, holding back 2 to 3 tablespoons of the cooking water. Return the pasta to the pan (the dissolved starch in the water helps the sauce cling to the pasta). Dress the pasta straight away with the sauce directly in the pan. (The Italian way is ALWAYS to toss the cooked, hot pasta with the sauce before serving.)",
"Serve the hot pasta immediately with your favorite sauce. Even a copious drizzle of olive oil or melted butter—cooked just to the point of taking on a slightly nutty, toasty brown tinge—and a smattering of fresh herbs constitutes a sauce when the pasta is as tender and tasty as this. Originally published May 20, 2010.",
"Spinach Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Sift the flour onto a clean work surface. Next, puree 3/4 cup frozen cooked leaf spinach (squeezed to remove as much moisture as possible) in a food processor. Add it to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough method.",
"Tomato Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Add 2 tablespoons store-bought or homemade tomato paste or sun-dried tomato paste to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough recipe.",
"Beet Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Roast 1 red beet until softened, about 45 minutes. Let cool. Peel and grate or puree in a food processor. Add 2 tablespoons grated cooked beet to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough recipe.",
"Saffron Pasta Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Soak 1 sachet of powdered saffron in 2 tablespoons hot water for 15 minutes. Strain the water, discarding the solids. Whisk the eggs with the vibrant saffron water before adding to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough recipe.",
"Herb Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Add at least 3 tablespoons finely chopped fresh green herbs to the well in the flour.",
"Black squid ink pasta Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Add 1 sachet squid ink to the eggs and whisk to combine before adding to the flour. You may need to add a little extra flour to the pasta dough.",
"This is a straightforward, lovely, easy, basic homemade pasta dough recipe. I made it with my 9-year-old granddaughter, who became a master of cranking the pasta machine.",
"I hunted down the Italian 00 flour and the farina di semola so that we could test the proper flours. I also used large eggs instead of medium. It took only 1 to 2 minutes of kneading the dough. We made the basic medium-wide noodles and will make the pasta dough again to try some of the other shapes. All in all, it was a great hit for dinner with a hint of butter, chopped Italian flat-leaf parsley, and freshly grated cheese. It’s definitely a keeper.",
"I used a 50/50 mix of Italian 00 flour and semolina. I also used large eggs. It took some kneading to get the dough to come together at first, so I can see how one might need extra water if medium eggs are used. I only kneaded it for 5 minutes and after that, the dough was stiff but cohesive—there were no hanging straggly parts or anything like that. I find pasta dough benefits hugely from rest so I didn’t knead it any further. This is also the first time I’ve seen the suggestion of rubbing olive oil over the dough before resting. I don’t know if that’s what made everything nice and soft, or if it was the rest itself, but the dough ended up smooth and supple.",
"I did have to use the thickest setting of the pasta roller for the first pass (I used my KitchenAid attachment, not the manual crank one), but after that, the homemade pasta dough rolled out very nicely, even when using the second- thinnest setting. I cut half the pasta into fettuccine using the attachment, while the other half I hand-cut into tagliatelle. The sheets seemed to dry faster than I’m used to, but that could’ve been due to the weather, as it was a little warm and dry in the kitchen.",
"The recipe headnote says that for every egg used, you’ll end up with about 1 entree portion of pasta. I ended up with enough pasta to serve 4 people—and we were hungry! It took 2 minutes for the noodles to cook al dente after the water came back to a boil.",
"Fresh pasta is always great, and this didn’t disappoint. There’s a nice bite to the noodles, and they’re not heavy on the egg flavor. It’s the first time I’ve made pasta using the flour-well method (I usually whiz it together in a food processor) and it worked really well. We ate some of it buttered with Parmesan and some with spinach and cream.",
"If you make this recipe, snap a photo and hashtag it #LeitesCulinaria. We'd love to see your creations on Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter.",
"Hi! I was wondering if it’s possible to make & cut the pasta ahead of time? And if so, how would you recommend storing it? Thanks so much for this great recipe — it’s become one of our go-to’s!",
"Thanks, Bryn! I’m so pleased that you love this. You can make the pasta ahead of time. If it’s just a few hours ahead of time, you can lay it on a baking sheet and dust with flour, cover with plastic wrap and store in the fridge. Any longer than that, I’d recommend freezing it. Coat in flour (if using long strands you can make little nests) and stash in a resealable plastic bag and freeze.",
"I like this recipe – it worked well. I wanted to convert to grams and found that a 50/50 split of flour requires 139g of Semola and 87 g of 00 flour. That gives the 1 and 2/3 cups flour. Using a scale, you can measure (by weight) directly into a sifter and you quickly have an accurate measure. I used extra large eggs – no problem. And I had to add 2 teaspoons of water to get the right consistency. The pasta felt great. And tasted even better!",
"That’s a good point. When the recipe suggests “50/50”, is it by weight or by cup measurement? Never occurred to me that weight might be a better way. It would certainly affect the amount of hydration the dough is going to need. I just tried 50/50 using cup measurements and the dough would not come together!",
"Weight would probably be the best way to measure it, MrY. If you find the dough is still very dry, go ahead and drizzle in a little water, just until it comes together. The dough will hydrate more as it rests.",
"I didn’t use 00 flour because I didn’t have any, but I used half pastry flour and 1/2 semolina flour. I don’t know if it would make much of a difference but my pasta very very good. Thank you so much for sharing.",
"I’m so pleased that this turned out so well for you using the pastry and semolina flour, Cheryl. It’s one of my favorite recipes, too.",
"This is my go to recipe. I use 00 Flour only. I have been adding about 1 to 2 ounces of water each time. Its very hot and dry where I live and that may be the problem. I bought an antique cavatelli machine a few months ago and its a lot of fun to use. Here are the cavatelli I made.",
"Your cavatelli looks fantastic, pam! Your dry climate is likely why you need to add extra water. I also live in a very dry climate and always need to add at least 1 ounce of water to my pasta dough.",
"The restaurant-style tips were very helpful– I did not colour mine but we did it lucky charms style with all different shapes and it was really good. A little firm because we didn’t boil it for long enough but still very good. It honestly does just taste of regular Italian pasta and I’m sure it is better made fresh."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Homemade Pasta Dough Recipe | Leite's Culinaria\n\nSkip to content\n\nLeite's Culinaria\n\nHome | Recipes | Homemade Pasta Dough\n\n# Homemade Pasta Dough\n\n| | 178published Jan 24, 2019 posted by LC Editors | photos by Ryland Peters &\nSmall This post may contain affiliate links. Please read our disclosure\npolicy.\n\nJump to recipe\n\nShares120kPinShareTweetYummlyShare on FlipboardEmailHeart this post\n\nThis homemade pasta dough is foolproof and easy to make by hand or with your\nstand mixer with just eggs, flour, olive oil, and salt. Italian through and\nthrough. Here’s how.\n\nAdapted from Maxine Clark | Easy Pasta | Ryland Peters & Small, 2010\n\nHomemade pasta dough—we’re talking the fresh stuff made from scratch in your\nown kitchen according to Italian tradition—has a taste and texture that’s\nevery iota as spectacular as you’d imagine. There are countless subtle\nvariations on how to make fresh pasta, some quite a lot more complicated than\nothers, yet this straightforward recipe relies on just flour, eggs, salt, and\nolive oil. Authentically Italian through and through. And lovely and tender\nenough to make you weep. [Editor’s Note: Wondering how much fresh pasta you\nshould make? It may take a little divining–or practical experience—on your\npart to find your personal preference, but the author suggests allowing\napproximately 1 egg to 3/4 cup flour per entrée portion.]–Renee Schettler\n\n### *What is 00 flour?\n\nThe magic of this particular recipe can be found in its mixture of 50% Italian\n“00” flour* (which is lower in gluten than most American flours, it’s an\nexceptionally light, almost powdery flour that yields dough that is softer and\nsuppler and easier to work with) and 50% Farina di Semola (finely ground, pale\nyellow, hard durum wheat flour for making pasta and some bread).\n\nThe homemade pasta dough that results has just the perfect firmness—kindly\nnote that the pasta dough should require some serious effort when kneading.\nWhen kneading or rolling the dough, be careful not to add too much flour, or\nyour pasta will be tough and taste floury.\n\n00 flour, which is traditionally used in Italian kitchens for homemade pasta\ndough, isn’t inexpensive. But it’s worth its weight in gold—or fresh homemade\npasta. It can be a little tricky to find 00 flour in some regions but chances\nare you’ll find it at most specialty stores, some grocery stores, and, natch,\nonline.\n\n###### Video: How to Make Homemade Pasta Dough\n\nVideo courtesy of Seasoned Cookery School\n\n## Homemade Pasta Dough\n\n * Quick Glance\n * (34)\n * 45 M\n\n * 1 H, 30 M\n\n * Serves 2\n\n4.9/5 - 34 reviews\n\nPrint Recipe\n\nWant it? Click it.\n\n### Ingredients\n\n### Directions\n\nMake the homemade pasta dough\n\nSift the flour onto a clean work surface and use your fist to make a well in\nthe center.\n\nBreak the eggs into the well. Add the oil and a pinch of salt to the well. If\nyou’re coloring your homemade pasta dough, you’ll want to add the ingredient\nnow. (See How To Color Homemade Pasta Dough below.)\n\nGradually mix the egg mixture into the flour using the fingers of one hand,\nbringing the ingredients together into a firm dough. If the dough feels too\ndry, simply add a little water, a few drops at a time, up to a couple\ntablespoons; if the dough feels too wet, add a little more flour. Don’t worry,\nyou’ll soon grow accustomed to how the dough should feel after you’ve made it\na few times.) Note that you don’t want to add too much flour or your pasta\nwill be tough and taste floury.\n\nKnead the pasta dough until it’s smooth, 2 to 5 minutes. Lightly massage it\nwith a touch of olive oil, tuck the dough in a resealable plastic bag, and let\nit rest at room temperature for at least 30 minutes. The pasta will be much\nmore elastic after resting than it was before.\n\nPass the homemade pasta dough through the pasta machine\n\n[Editor’s Note: You could opt to roll the pasta dough by hand using a long\nwooden rolling pin, although a pasta machine makes for far less work.] Feed\nthe pasta dough through a pasta machine set on the widest setting. As the\nsheet of pasta dough comes out of the machine, fold it into thirds and then\nfeed it through the rollers again, still on the widest setting. Pass the pasta\nthrough this same setting a total of 4 or 5 times. This takes the place of\nkneading the pasta dough and ensures the resulting pasta is silky smooth.\n\nPass the sheet of pasta dough through the machine again, repeatedly, gradually\nreducing the settings, one pass at a time, until the pasta achieves the\ndesired thickness. Your sheet of pasta dough will become quite long—if you\nhave trouble keeping the dough from folding onto itself or if you are making\nravioli, cut the sheet of dough in half and feed each half through separately.\nGenerally the second-from-last setting is best for tagliatelle and the last\nsetting is best for ravioli and any other shapes that are to be filled.\n\nAfter the sheet of pasta dough has reached the requisite thickness, hang it\nover a broom handle or the back of a chair to dry a little—this will make\ncutting it easier in humid weather, as it will not be so sticky. Or, if you’re\nin a hurry, you can dust the pasta with a little flour and place it on clean\nkitchen towels and let it rest for just a short spell.\n\nShape the pasta by hand (see instructions below) or pass the pasta through the\nchosen cutters (tagliolini, tagliatelle, etc.) and then drape the cut pasta\nover the broom handle or chair back again to dry just a little, until ready to\ncook. (Alternatively, you can toss the cut pasta again lightly in\nflour—preferably semolina flour—and lay it out in loose bundles on a tray\nlined with a clean kitchen towel.) Use the pasta as soon as possible before it\nsticks together or place it in a resealable plastic bag and stash it in the\nfreezer.\n\nShape the fresh homemade pasta dough by hand\n\nTagliatelle On a lightly floured surface, roll or fold one side of the sheet\nof dough loosely towards the center of the sheet, then repeat with the other\nside so that they almost meet in the middle. Gently fold one side on top of\nthe other, but do not press down on the fold. Cut the dough into thin slices\nwith a sharp knife, slicing through the folded dough quickly and deftly in a\nsingle motion. (It takes very little practice to get the hang of this.)\nImmediately unravel the slices to reveal the pasta ribbons. (You can do this\nby inserting the dull side of a large knife into each slice and gently shaking\nit loose. If you wait, they will stick together. Trust us.) Hang the pasta to\ndry a little before cooking or dust it well with semolina flour and arrange in\nloose nests on a tray lined with a clean kitchen towel.\n\nPappardelle On a lightly floured surface, cut the dough into wide ribbons\nusing a fluted pastry cutter. Hang the pasta to dry a little before cooking.\n\nTortellini On a lightly floured surface, stamp out rounds of pasta using a\nround cookie cutter. Pipe or spoon your favorite filling into the middle of\neach round. Brush the edges with beaten egg and carefully fold the round into\na crescent shape, pressing the dough around the filling to push out any\ntrapped air. Using your fingertips, bend the 2 corners of the crescent around\nto meet one another in the center and press well to seal. Repeat with the\nremaining dough. Let dry on a floured kitchen towel for about 30 minutes\nbefore cooking.\n\nRavioli If your pasta dough is still in a single sheet, cut it into 2 equal\nportions. Cover one portion of the dough with a clean kitchen towel or plastic\nwrap while you work with the rest of the dough. Spoon small mounds (about 1\nteaspoon) of filling on the dough in even rows, spacing them at 1 1/2-inch\nintervals. Using a pastry brush, lightly coat the dough between the mounds\nwith beaten egg. Using a rolling pin, carefully drape the reserved sheet of\ndough on top of the mounds, pressing down firmly between the pockets of\nfilling to push out any trapped air. Use a serrated ravioli cutter, a pastry\ncutter, or a sharp knife, cut the ravioli into squares. Transfer the ravioli\nto a floured kitchen towel to rest for 1 hour before cooking.\n\nCook the fresh homemade pasta dough\n\nYou will need about 4 quarts water and 3 tablespoons of salt for every 13 to\n18 ounces of fresh or dried pasta. It is the large volume of water that will\nprevent the pasta from sticking together. Bring the salted water to a boil in\na large pot or saucepan. Throw the pasta into the water. Stir the pasta\nimmediately after you add it to the water and perhaps once again. Stir the\npasta only once or twice. If you’ve used enough water and you stir the pasta\nas it goes in, it shouldn’t stick.\n\nDO NOT COVER the pot or the water will boil over. Quickly bring the pasta back\nto a rolling boil, stir, and boil until al dente, or firm to the bite, about 2\nminutes. The pasta should not have a hard center or be soggy and floppy. If\nfollowing a specified cooking time, calculate it from the moment the pasta\nstarts to boil again and have a colander ready for draining.\n\n☞ Tester tip: Cooking times for fresh and dried pasta vary according to the\nsize and quality of the pasta. The only way to check is to taste it. However,\nthe basic method of cooking remains the same.\n\nDrain the pasta, holding back 2 to 3 tablespoons of the cooking water. Return\nthe pasta to the pan (the dissolved starch in the water helps the sauce cling\nto the pasta). Dress the pasta straight away with the sauce directly in the\npan. (The Italian way is ALWAYS to toss the cooked, hot pasta with the sauce\nbefore serving.)\n\nServe the hot pasta immediately with your favorite sauce. Even a copious\ndrizzle of olive oil or melted butter—cooked just to the point of taking on a\nslightly nutty, toasty brown tinge—and a smattering of fresh herbs constitutes\na sauce when the pasta is as tender and tasty as this. Originally published\nMay 20, 2010.\n\nPrint Recipe\n\nWant it? Click it.\n\n### How To Color Homemade Pasta Dough\n\n * Spinach Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Sift the flour onto a clean work surface. Next, puree 3/4 cup frozen cooked leaf spinach (squeezed to remove as much moisture as possible) in a food processor. Add it to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough method.\n\n * Tomato Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Add 2 tablespoons store-bought or homemade tomato paste or sun-dried tomato paste to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough recipe.\n\n * Beet Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Roast 1 red beet until softened, about 45 minutes. Let cool. Peel and grate or puree in a food processor. Add 2 tablespoons grated cooked beet to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough recipe.\n\n * Saffron Pasta Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Soak 1 sachet of powdered saffron in 2 tablespoons hot water for 15 minutes. Strain the water, discarding the solids. Whisk the eggs with the vibrant saffron water before adding to the well in the flour. Continue as per the Basic Pasta Dough recipe.\n\n * Herb Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Add at least 3 tablespoons finely chopped fresh green herbs to the well in the flour.\n\n * Black squid ink pasta Follow the Basic Pasta Dough recipe. Add 1 sachet squid ink to the eggs and whisk to combine before adding to the flour. You may need to add a little extra flour to the pasta dough.\n\nShow Nutrition\n\n### Recipe Testers' Reviews\n\n###### Karen Depp\n\nThis is a straightforward, lovely, easy, basic homemade pasta dough recipe. I\nmade it with my 9-year-old granddaughter, who became a master of cranking the\npasta machine.\n\nI hunted down the Italian 00 flour and the farina di semola so that we could\ntest the proper flours. I also used large eggs instead of medium. It took only\n1 to 2 minutes of kneading the dough. We made the basic medium-wide noodles\nand will make the pasta dough again to try some of the other shapes. All in\nall, it was a great hit for dinner with a hint of butter, chopped Italian\nflat-leaf parsley, and freshly grated cheese. It’s definitely a keeper.\n\n###### Leanne Abe\n\nThis is a homemade pasta dough recipe that works.\n\nI used a 50/50 mix of Italian 00 flour and semolina. I also used large eggs.\nIt took some kneading to get the dough to come together at first, so I can see\nhow one might need extra water if medium eggs are used. I only kneaded it for\n5 minutes and after that, the dough was stiff but cohesive—there were no\nhanging straggly parts or anything like that. I find pasta dough benefits\nhugely from rest so I didn’t knead it any further. This is also the first time\nI’ve seen the suggestion of rubbing olive oil over the dough before resting. I\ndon’t know if that’s what made everything nice and soft, or if it was the rest\nitself, but the dough ended up smooth and supple.\n\nI did have to use the thickest setting of the pasta roller for the first pass\n(I used my KitchenAid attachment, not the manual crank one), but after that,\nthe homemade pasta dough rolled out very nicely, even when using the second-\nthinnest setting. I cut half the pasta into fettuccine using the attachment,\nwhile the other half I hand-cut into tagliatelle. The sheets seemed to dry\nfaster than I’m used to, but that could’ve been due to the weather, as it was\na little warm and dry in the kitchen.\n\nThe recipe headnote says that for every egg used, you’ll end up with about 1\nentree portion of pasta. I ended up with enough pasta to serve 4 people—and we\nwere hungry! It took 2 minutes for the noodles to cook al dente after the\nwater came back to a boil.\n\nFresh pasta is always great, and this didn’t disappoint. There’s a nice bite\nto the noodles, and they’re not heavy on the egg flavor. It’s the first time\nI’ve made pasta using the flour-well method (I usually whiz it together in a\nfood processor) and it worked really well. We ate some of it buttered with\nParmesan and some with spinach and cream.\n\n### HUNGRY FOR MORE?\n\n * Homemade Spaetzle\n\n * Pumpkin Pasta Dough\n\n * Fresh Homemade Egg Pasta Dough\n\n * Homemade Potato Gnocchi\n\nHomemade Pasta Dough Recipe © 2010 Maxine Clark. Photos © 2010 Ryland Peters &\nSmall. All rights reserved. All materials used with permission.\n\nIf you make this recipe, snap a photo and hashtag it #LeitesCulinaria. We'd\nlove to see your creations on Instagram, Facebook, and Twitter.\n\nFiled Under: Entrees, Honest Entertaining®, Italian, Meatless Mondays, Pasta &\nGrains, Recipes, The Arsenal®, Valentine's Day, Vegetarian, Weekend Projects®\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Bryn says:\n\nJun 02, 2021 at 8:35 am\n\nHi! I was wondering if it’s possible to make & cut the pasta ahead of time?\nAnd if so, how would you recommend storing it? Thanks so much for this great\nrecipe — it’s become one of our go-to’s!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Angie Zoobkoff, LC Managing Editor says:\n\nJun 02, 2021 at 8:50 am\n\nThanks, Bryn! I’m so pleased that you love this. You can make the pasta ahead\nof time. If it’s just a few hours ahead of time, you can lay it on a baking\nsheet and dust with flour, cover with plastic wrap and store in the fridge.\nAny longer than that, I’d recommend freezing it. Coat in flour (if using long\nstrands you can make little nests) and stash in a resealable plastic bag and\nfreeze.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Bryn says:\n\nJun 02, 2021 at 6:51 pm\n\nThank you so much!!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Angie Zoobkoff, LC Managing Editor says:\n\nJun 03, 2021 at 7:50 am\n\nYou’re welcome, Bryn.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Joyce Berzle says:\n\nJan 11, 2021 at 8:39 pm\n\nI like this recipe – it worked well. I wanted to convert to grams and found\nthat a 50/50 split of flour requires 139g of Semola and 87 g of 00 flour. That\ngives the 1 and 2/3 cups flour. Using a scale, you can measure (by weight)\ndirectly into a sifter and you quickly have an accurate measure. I used extra\nlarge eggs – no problem. And I had to add 2 teaspoons of water to get the\nright consistency. The pasta felt great. And tasted even better!\n\nReply\n\n 1. MrY says:\n\nFeb 04, 2021 at 7:11 pm\n\nThat’s a good point. When the recipe suggests “50/50”, is it by weight or by\ncup measurement? Never occurred to me that weight might be a better way. It\nwould certainly affect the amount of hydration the dough is going to need. I\njust tried 50/50 using cup measurements and the dough would not come together!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Angie Zoobkoff, LC Managing Editor says:\n\nFeb 04, 2021 at 7:18 pm\n\nWeight would probably be the best way to measure it, MrY. If you find the\ndough is still very dry, go ahead and drizzle in a little water, just until it\ncomes together. The dough will hydrate more as it rests.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Angie Zoobkoff, LC Managing Editor says:\n\nJan 11, 2021 at 9:29 pm\n\nThanks, Joyce! Appreciate you sharing such detailed information. We’re\ndelighted that it turned out so well for you.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Cheryl says:\n\nOct 14, 2020 at 9:26 pm\n\nI didn’t use 00 flour because I didn’t have any, but I used half pastry flour\nand 1/2 semolina flour. I don’t know if it would make much of a difference but\nmy pasta very very good. Thank you so much for sharing.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Angie Zoobkoff, LC Managing Editor says:\n\nOct 15, 2020 at 12:01 pm\n\nI’m so pleased that this turned out so well for you using the pastry and\nsemolina flour, Cheryl. It’s one of my favorite recipes, too.\n\nReply\n\n 4. pam clark says:\n\nJul 29, 2020 at 6:00 pm\n\nThis is my go to recipe. I use 00 Flour only. I have been adding about 1 to 2\nounces of water each time. Its very hot and dry where I live and that may be\nthe problem. I bought an antique cavatelli machine a few months ago and its a\nlot of fun to use. Here are the cavatelli I made.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Angie Zoobkoff, LC Managing Editor says:\n\nJul 30, 2020 at 9:03 am\n\nYour cavatelli looks fantastic, pam! Your dry climate is likely why you need\nto add extra water. I also live in a very dry climate and always need to add\nat least 1 ounce of water to my pasta dough.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Daphne says:\n\nJul 29, 2020 at 11:23 am\n\nThe restaurant-style tips were very helpful– I did not colour mine but we did\nit lucky charms style with all different shapes and it was really good. A\nlittle firm because we didn’t boil it for long enough but still very good. It\nhonestly does just taste of regular Italian pasta and I’m sure it is better\nmade fresh.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Angie Zoobkoff, LC Managing Editor says:\n\nJul 29, 2020 at 5:12 pm\n\nThanks, Daphne. We’re delighted that you enjoyed it so much.\n\nReply\n\n### Have something to say? Cancel reply\n\n#### Pistachio Buttercream\n\nMake the pistachio buttercream\n\n#### Subscribe\n\nDailyEnter your email for our updatesWeeklyOr get everything at once\n\n#### Highest Rated Recipes\n\n * Portuguese Almond Torte ~ Bolo de Amêndoa\n\n64\n\n * Chicken with Mustard ~ Poulet à la Moutarde\n\n38\n\n * Southern Corn Sticks\n\n34\n\n * Smoky Chipotle Vegetarian Chili\n\n34\n\n * Brown Sugar Cookies\n\n29\n\n * Easy Béchamel Sauce\n\n24\n\n#### In Our Shop\n\n * Stainless Steel Marrow Spoons\n\n$56.00 $56.00\n\n * Pumpkin Candy Dish\n\n$36.99\n\n * 8oz Ramekins\n\n$22.99\n\n * Stainless Steel Satin Finish Flatware Set\n\n$37.99 $37.99\n\n * Denby Halo Coupe Bowl\n\n$26.50 $21.58\n\n© 1999–2021 Leite's Culinaria, Inc. All rights reserved. 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},
{
"original_url": "http://elephantine.typepad.com:80/elephantine/2012/03/homemade-pasta-a-mini-guide.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181021070339/http://elephantine.typepad.com:80/elephantine/2012/03/homemade-pasta-a-mini-guide.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "homemade pasta {a mini guide}",
"passages": [
"One of my favorite activities is making fresh pasta, because it's pretty awesome to see a mound of flour transform into something you usually buy from a store. If you're interested, I've love to share how I make it...",
"1. Make the dough: for each person, measure out 3/4 cup flour + 1 egg. Dump the flour into a mound on your work surface, form a well in the middle, and crack the eggs into the well. Add a splash of olive oil. Use a fork to break the yolks and gently pull in the flour until the eggs are mixed in. Start kneading the dough with your hands, adding water if it's too dry, or more flour if it's too wet. Knead until soft and pliable. (Confused? See step-by- step photos here.)",
"2. Roll it out: you can just use a rolling pin, but I find it extremely difficult to get the dough thin enough. I use an old Imperia pasta machine (like this one, but there are cheaper ones out there too). Basically, you just cut off a section of dough, then feed it through the machine multiple times until it's paper thin. If you roll it by hand, get it as thin as you possibly can, and then try to get it even thinner.",
"3. Shape the pasta: for capellini and fettuccine, either use the attachment that comes with your pasta machine to cut it into strips, or use a pizza cutter to do it by hand on your work surface. Garganelli is formed by cutting out squares and then wrapping them around a pencil. Farfalle is formed by cutting out rectangles and pinching them in the middle. Orecchiette (please excuse my funny looking ones in the photo) is formed by rolling your pasta into a rope, slicing off a little bit at a time, then pulling the side of the knife across it. Or buy a ravioli press and make a tasty spinach & ricotta mix as a filling.",
"4. Prevent it from sticking: as soon as you shape your pasta, toss it with flour. If you don't, the pasta will start drying and stick together, and will cook as one big, unappetizing clump.",
"5. Cook: bring a large pot of salted water to boil. Cook pasta for 3 minutes. Test. Cook more, if needed. Drain.",
"6. Eat & enjoy: I always go the minimal route with fresh pasta. The other night, I sautéed some kale and shiitake mushrooms in butter, tossed it with the capellini, and topped it with shredded parmesan and freshly squeezed lemon juice. It was light and delicious – and so gratifying to eat something made from scratch.",
"One of my favorite activities is making fresh pasta, because it's pretty awesome to see a mound of flour transform into something you usually buy from a store. If you're interested, I've love to share how I make it...",
"1. Make the dough: for each person, measure out 3/4 cup flour + 1 egg. Dump the flour into a mound on your work surface, form a well in the middle, and crack the eggs into the well. Add a splash of olive oil. Use a fork to break the yolks and gently pull in the flour until the eggs are mixed in. Start kneading the dough with your hands, adding water if it's too dry, or more flour if it's too wet. Knead until soft and pliable. (Confused? See step-by- step photos here.)",
"2. Roll it out: you can just use a rolling pin, but I find it extremely difficult to get the dough thin enough. I use an old Imperia pasta machine (like this one, but there are cheaper ones out there too). Basically, you just cut off a section of dough, then feed it through the machine multiple times until it's paper thin. If you roll it by hand, get it as thin as you possibly can, and then try to get it even thinner.",
"3. Shape the pasta: for capellini and fettuccine, either use the attachment that comes with your pasta machine to cut it into strips, or use a pizza cutter to do it by hand on your work surface. Garganelli is formed by cutting out squares and then wrapping them around a pencil. Farfalle is formed by cutting out rectangles and pinching them in the middle. Orecchiette (please excuse my funny looking ones in the photo) is formed by rolling your pasta into a rope, slicing off a little bit at a time, then pulling the side of the knife across it. Or buy a ravioli press and make a tasty spinach & ricotta mix as a filling.",
"4. Prevent it from sticking: as soon as you shape your pasta, toss it with flour. If you don't, the pasta will start drying and stick together, and will cook as one big, unappetizing clump.",
"5. Cook: bring a large pot of salted water to boil. Cook pasta for 3 minutes. Test. Cook more, if needed. Drain.",
"6. Eat & enjoy: I always go the minimal route with fresh pasta. The other night, I sautéed some kale and shiitake mushrooms in butter, tossed it with the capellini, and topped it with shredded parmesan and freshly squeezed lemon juice. It was light and delicious – and so gratifying to eat something made from scratch.",
"Hi! I'm Rachel, and these are bits of my days and things I like. I run the online shops Elephantine and Mignon, am a fiction writer, and live in Seattle with my husband and two cats. Read more about this blog...",
"This blog is a mix of my own photos + images by others. Please link back if you share one of my photos on your blog. Email me if you'd like me to remove a post that features your images.",
"A small disclosure: I occasionally use affiliate links as a way to pay for my blog fees. In other words, I earn a tiny commission if you end up buying the item from my link. The posts are entirely curated on my own. I do not have sponsored posts."
]
},
"parsed_md": "homemade pasta {a mini guide} - elephantine\n\n# elephantine\n\n« my other best friend | Main | the test roll »\n\n## 03/15/2012\n\n### homemade pasta {a mini guide}\n\nOne of my favorite activities is making fresh pasta, because it's pretty\nawesome to see a mound of flour transform into something you usually buy from\na store. If you're interested, I've love to share how I make it...\n\n1\\. Make the dough: for each person, measure out 3/4 cup flour + 1 egg. Dump\nthe flour into a mound on your work surface, form a well in the middle, and\ncrack the eggs into the well. Add a splash of olive oil. Use a fork to break\nthe yolks and gently pull in the flour until the eggs are mixed in. Start\nkneading the dough with your hands, adding water if it's too dry, or more\nflour if it's too wet. Knead until soft and pliable. (Confused? See step-by-\nstep photos here.)\n\n2\\. Roll it out: you can just use a rolling pin, but I find it extremely\ndifficult to get the dough thin enough. I use an old Imperia pasta machine\n(like this one, but there are cheaper ones out there too). Basically, you just\ncut off a section of dough, then feed it through the machine multiple times\nuntil it's paper thin. If you roll it by hand, get it as thin as you possibly\ncan, and then try to get it even thinner.\n\n3\\. Shape the pasta: for capellini and fettuccine, either use the attachment\nthat comes with your pasta machine to cut it into strips, or use a pizza\ncutter to do it by hand on your work surface. Garganelli is formed by cutting\nout squares and then wrapping them around a pencil. Farfalle is formed by\ncutting out rectangles and pinching them in the middle. Orecchiette (please\nexcuse my funny looking ones in the photo) is formed by rolling your pasta\ninto a rope, slicing off a little bit at a time, then pulling the side of the\nknife across it. Or buy a ravioli press and make a tasty spinach & ricotta mix\nas a filling.\n\n4\\. Prevent it from sticking: as soon as you shape your pasta, toss it with\nflour. If you don't, the pasta will start drying and stick together, and will\ncook as one big, unappetizing clump.\n\n5\\. Cook: bring a large pot of salted water to boil. Cook pasta for 3 minutes.\nTest. Cook more, if needed. Drain.\n\n6\\. Eat & enjoy: I always go the minimal route with fresh pasta. The other\nnight, I sautéed some kale and shiitake mushrooms in butter, tossed it with\nthe capellini, and topped it with shredded parmesan and freshly squeezed lemon\njuice. It was light and delicious – and so gratifying to eat something made\nfrom scratch.\n\nPermalink\n\n### Comments\n\nhomemade pasta {a mini guide}\n\nOne of my favorite activities is making fresh pasta, because it's pretty\nawesome to see a mound of flour transform into something you usually buy from\na store. If you're interested, I've love to share how I make it...\n\n1\\. Make the dough: for each person, measure out 3/4 cup flour + 1 egg. Dump\nthe flour into a mound on your work surface, form a well in the middle, and\ncrack the eggs into the well. Add a splash of olive oil. Use a fork to break\nthe yolks and gently pull in the flour until the eggs are mixed in. Start\nkneading the dough with your hands, adding water if it's too dry, or more\nflour if it's too wet. Knead until soft and pliable. (Confused? See step-by-\nstep photos here.)\n\n2\\. Roll it out: you can just use a rolling pin, but I find it extremely\ndifficult to get the dough thin enough. I use an old Imperia pasta machine\n(like this one, but there are cheaper ones out there too). Basically, you just\ncut off a section of dough, then feed it through the machine multiple times\nuntil it's paper thin. If you roll it by hand, get it as thin as you possibly\ncan, and then try to get it even thinner.\n\n3\\. Shape the pasta: for capellini and fettuccine, either use the attachment\nthat comes with your pasta machine to cut it into strips, or use a pizza\ncutter to do it by hand on your work surface. Garganelli is formed by cutting\nout squares and then wrapping them around a pencil. Farfalle is formed by\ncutting out rectangles and pinching them in the middle. Orecchiette (please\nexcuse my funny looking ones in the photo) is formed by rolling your pasta\ninto a rope, slicing off a little bit at a time, then pulling the side of the\nknife across it. Or buy a ravioli press and make a tasty spinach & ricotta mix\nas a filling.\n\n4\\. Prevent it from sticking: as soon as you shape your pasta, toss it with\nflour. If you don't, the pasta will start drying and stick together, and will\ncook as one big, unappetizing clump.\n\n5\\. Cook: bring a large pot of salted water to boil. Cook pasta for 3 minutes.\nTest. Cook more, if needed. Drain.\n\n6\\. Eat & enjoy: I always go the minimal route with fresh pasta. The other\nnight, I sautéed some kale and shiitake mushrooms in butter, tossed it with\nthe capellini, and topped it with shredded parmesan and freshly squeezed lemon\njuice. It was light and delicious – and so gratifying to eat something made\nfrom scratch.\n\n## elephantine\n\n * Hi! I'm Rachel, and these are bits of my days and things I like. I run the online shops Elephantine and Mignon, am a fiction writer, and live in Seattle with my husband and two cats. Read more about this blog...\n\nmy shops\n\nsubscribe to elephantine\n\ncategories\n\nthis week's flowers\n\ntwo for today\n\nfiction friday\n\npoetry\n\non writing\n\nin the garden\n\nlife in photos\n\nrecommended reading\n\nin my kitchen\n\nfavorite things\n\nrufus + bodhi + zelda\n\nseattle + local travel\n\nwhat to wear\n\nour wedding\n\nsearch\n\n * this city of mine\n\nelsewhere\n\na peek at etsy\n\na side project\n\nto note\n\nThis blog is a mix of my own photos + images by others. Please link back if\nyou share one of my photos on your blog. Email me if you'd like me to remove a\npost that features your images.\n\nA small disclosure: I occasionally use affiliate links as a way to pay for my\nblog fees. In other words, I earn a tiny commission if you end up buying the\nitem from my link. The posts are entirely curated on my own. I do not have\nsponsored posts.\n\nThis blog design and all original content ©2017 by Rachel Ball / Elephantine.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://backtoherroots.com:80/2011/09/27/chickpea-and-flaxseed-homemade-pasta-vegan-gluten-free/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161012201418/http://backtoherroots.com:80/2011/09/27/chickpea-and-flaxseed-homemade-pasta-vegan-gluten-free/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "chickpea and flaxseed homemade pasta (vegan, gluten-free)",
"passages": [
"If this elimination diet has taught me nothing else, it has opened me up to the world of gluten-free flours, and more specifically, my newly-beloved chickpea flour. Made from finely ground chickpeas (garbanzo beans), the flour is packed with protein and fiber, and slight chickpea flavor that can be either complimented or hidden with other flavors depending on your end goal. So far with chickpea flour, we’ve made pancakes, socca, and the world’s creamiest and smoothest hummus. Seriously, it is worth buying a bag of the stuff just for the hummus. You can normally find it in the gluten-free baking section of your grocery store. We buy Bob’s Red Mill brand.",
"Besides the hummus, my favorite thing to come out of the discovery of chickpea flour is homemade pasta. It hadn’t made it on the blog yet, but before we went gluten-free, I was on a bit of a homemade pasta kick. Even though I don’t own a pasta machine (well, other than the one we use with polymer clay) and had no previous pasta-making experience, I was able to made delicious fresh pasta in a few blinks of an eye. It was shockingly easy! I had my mind-set on making some gluten-free and vegan pasta and I definitely hit a home run on the first try.",
"The beauty of this pasta dough is its total simplicity. Three ingredients. And one happens to be water. It doesn’t get much easier than that. The end result is a soft pasta with a slightly nutty flavor from the flaxseed. You won’t be fooling any die-hard white/refined pasta fan, but if you tend to like more hearty carbs, this is a pasta for you. We paired it with some vegan roasted red pepper pesto (recipe coming soon) and it was an amazing combo.",
"My favorite pasta-making method is 100% (wo)man-powered. I pile up the flour on a board, make a well, and then dump in the egg (or in this case, flax egg). Then I slowly incorporate the flour with the wet until it forms into a nice solid dough. At first, it always seems like there is way too much flour, but I promise it’ll all combine nicely if you just keep working it. Be patient.",
"If you have a pasta roller and cutter, awesome blossom! Go ahead and use those to your liking. I do not. So I used my good ole rolling pin and pizza cutter. The key to good pasta is rolling it out very, very thin. Thinner than you think it should be. The pasta with double or triple (or even more) in thickness from absorbing the cooking water.",
"If you are going the ghetto simple method, like I did, try to stick with pasta shapes that can accept some imperfection. Farfalle (bow tie pasta) is perfect for those of us without a pasta cutter. Just cut into squares, pinch, and you have some adorable, rustic bow ties.",
"Now, before I give you my recipe (ha! it can barely even be called that), you have to give me your solemn vow that you will salt your pasta cooking water. You’ll notice there is no salt in the dough recipe. This is because it is designed to soak up the delicious salty water while cooking. Go ahead, raise your right hand and repeat after me, “I, BTHR reader, solemnly swear to salt my pasta cooking water liberally. If I do not, I will not hold Cass, Babyface or Puppyface responsible for the disgusting pasta on my plate.”",
"This recipe is designed to serve two generously, but it can easily be doubled, tripled and so on. The dough will be strong and a little bit tough to work with, that’s alright. You are not looking for a sticky dough.",
"In a small bowl, whisk together the flax seed and warm water. Set aside for 5 minutes, or until thick and gelled.",
"On a large baking board, pile chickpea flour and make a well in the middle. Pour in flax seed mixture in the well.",
"Begin gently mixing the flour with the flax seed mixture until well combined. Form dough into a disc and wrap in plastic wrap and let rest at room temperature for 20-30 minutes.",
"Divide dough disc in halves or quarters (depending on how big your rolling surface is) and roll out to very, very thin on a floured surface.",
"To cook, drop pasta into rapidly boiling water. Cook for 2-3 minutes or until all pasta is cooked through. Keep a close eye on it, because it’ll overcook quickly. It is still delicious when overcooked, just fragile. Drain and serve!",
"Wow, who knew chickpea flower was easy enough to work with to use it for homemade pasta! My then boyfriend and I made pasta together once a looong time ago. We found it difficult to roll the dough out thin enough. You’ve inspired me to give it another try!",
"I think the key to rolling it thin is starting with a very small hunk of dough, that way you can really focus on getting it paper thin. Good luck! And I highly recommend chickpea flour. 🙂",
"I don’t have a pasta machine, but I don’t see why not. A thicker noodle would definitely be best. The lack of gluten makes the dough pretty fragile when it’s thin.",
"Love it! I’m going to pick up some chickpea flour this weekend and get to experimenting! My great-grandmother, my grandmother and now, I use the same method as you for making the dough for noodles. In my family the recipe was passed down for making egg noodles that go in chicken soup. I always like making the noodles by hand, it feels old world and there is a pretty cool way of rolling the dough up and cutting it to make it into stringy noodles for soup. : ) I think I might like to experiment with this noodle recipe for raviolis filled with sweet potato, or butternut squash... we’ll see...",
"And my family does the same thing for chicken ‘n’ dumplins for Thanksgiving every year. The recipe is basically “a crapload of flour + a crapload of eggs” and a whole lot of elbow grease. 🙂",
"What cute little yummy looking pasta! I have never made homemade pasta before, but I bought a pasta rolling attachment for my Kitchen aid. One day, I will break it in and make some pasta. I want to make some pumpkin filled ravioli with a sage brown butter sauce.",
"wow, girl. you just did what the grain-free community has been begging for for years. seriously. you cracked the code!",
"I was really excited to try my first homemade pasta since we went allergen free last week. I had a really difficult time rolling it out and I used pretty small pieces. They got smaller and smaller in an attempt to make them thin enough. They weren’t awful but, my son didn’t like them. They were too doughy because I didn’t make them thin enough. I am sure they will be great if I can just figure out how to thin them out.",
"My boyfriend has a very serious grain allergy so to prevent cross- contamination in baking I roll out a lot of my doughs between two sheets of parchment paper. It worked really well for getting the pasta thin enough without a machine, it was like linguine.",
"That sounds incredible! I love black bean spaghetti and chickpea flour bread, so I’m sure i would like this too. 🙂",
"It is!!! I was online looking for a homemade black bean recipe and came across your site. I love the simplicity. Thanks for your site!",
"This homemade pasta is mesmerizing! I have always wanted to make my own fresh pasta. That’s wonderful it’s made with chickpea flour too!",
"Thank you for the wonderful recipe. Any idea how it does in lasagna? With the longer cooking time I’m curious.",
"I haven’t tried it yet in lasagna, but I’m a little afraid they might just totally fall apart. They cook so quickly! Maybe try letting the noodles dry out a bit before putting them in the lasagna? If you do try it, let me know how it turns out!",
"Just an idea for the “lasagne”, you could boil the pasta sheets separately and layer them with sauce/cheese before serving. And maybe broil cheese on top. Not quite the same oven-baked result, but more sort of like open ravioli (which I have seen a recipe for somewhere).",
"Just made the pasta tonight. It was, less than enticing. Not the recipe’s fault at all though! I did like the nutty flavour of the pasta but I made the mistake of using the pasta machine when I’ve never made pasta before, let alone used a machine. So I ended up with a big doughy,thick, gluggy mess BUT I will definitely try this again as if I had the texture/consistency down pat I know it would have been AMAZING. I think using a rolling pin will make it much easier for a newbie like me. Will let you know how round 2 goes!",
"Wow. You just made a recipe for something that was thought of being impossible a few years ago. I am so excited to try this. Thank you so much!",
"When I made the pasta, it was very fragile. Every time I tried to shape it into the bow ties it broke. So I used a small biscuit cutter, maybe an inch or two in size, and that worked wonderfully! After boiling for a minute I sauted them in a pan with olive oil, a little crushed red pepper, sun dried tomatoes, fresh spinach and cherry tomatoes (sliced into thirds) until the spinach had slightly wilted. It was oh so good! I’v made fresh pasta before but not gluten free, although it is a tad more challenging, it is definitely worth it. And I think I could put this on non gluten free eaters plates and they would love it as much as regular pasta!",
"I’ve taken ground flax as a supplement but never cared for the taste in recipe. Hummus was one of these so I bet this recipe would taste similar.",
"I have recently discovered chia, though, which has many properties in common with flax (including use as egg substitute) but has almost no flavor of its own. I bet it would work really well.",
"Can you dry this or maybe free it? I was thinking I could make a few batches and do it once a month if it’s possible to do that. Great recipe and site. I’ve been a veg head for awhile, but I just became gluten free for health reasons and this is a godsend. Thank you so much.",
"I haven’t tried it, buy I don’t see why not. Since it’s pretty fragile, I think freezing might be best. Let me know if you try it.",
"I’ve been making pasta for years and my standard recipe has always been the flour/egg combo (with salted water). My initial thought was to simply sub in the chick pea flour for the regular flour but your recipe has no egg. I’m a little curious if the binding that is obviously adequate in your recipe is coming from the oil in the flax, or is this something I can expect in dealing with the chick pea flour? Eliminating the egg makes it seem almost like a flammekeuche type dough but I’m concerned about the binding. Any advice?",
"It’s definitely crumblier than regular pasta dough, but it sticks together just fine with careful handling. I would say that chickpea flour is a lot finer than regular flower, and it has a definite sticky quality. So maybe that’s why it works. 🙂",
"This recipe sounds great! Do you think it would work to dry and store it? I have a gluten free friend that I’d love to gift some of this the next time I visit!",
"I’m actually not sure, Jes! I’ve never tried. If you do test it out, make sure you report back. 🙂",
"Thank you for this. I’ve just been told to cut out all gluten, corn and rice and am dying for pasta. I’m going to try your recipe in a couple of days as a noodle. When I’m sure that I’ve got it right I will try it in a spinach ricotta lasagne. BTW I found it funny that your only pasta machine is for polymer clay. Mine too! Too funny!",
"Thank you for the recipe, it was easy! I made it for my son who might have gluten sensitivity. He loved it too.",
"I haven’t tried it, but I don’t see why not. Let me know how it turns out if you try it!",
"I made these with soy flour. I had to add about 2 T more water, but they came out delicious!",
"You know, traditional southern Italian/Sicilian pasta recipes often consist of only flour, water, salt, and olive oil. In these it is essential to properly develop the gluten through kneading. Do you think some of the brittleness experienced with your recipe could be improved upon by kneading the flax meal mixture into the dough for a longer period of time?",
"It could be, although since there is no gluten to develop, I’m not sure it’ll make much of a difference. But it’s worth a shot! Let me know if you try it out.",
"This is a great sight! Great idea and can’t wait to try it. I make my own chickpea flour and use it for so many things and this is what I have been looking for. I am so excited! Thank you for this post!! ♥",
"I just made this. Tasted delicious! I’m going to make this every time I want pasta! Wonder how it would work as ravioli with pesto inside. Will try that next time 😀",
"Thanks Cassie! I just made this and I think it will be a great recipe once I’ve perfected the art of rolling pasta really thin. I rolled it quite thin but obviously not enough as the pasta bows were about twice as thick and wide as normal packet pasta. Still, the flavour was good and definitely reminiscent of ordinary pasta. I’m definitely going to try this again! Awesome for if you’re cooking for a gluten free vegan. Cheers 🙂",
"Thank you for this recipe!!!! A life saviour for me this Christmas as we are having a vegan feast but my sister needs to be gluten-free for now.",
"actually flaxseeds secrete hydrogen cyanide when comminuted, so it’s probably better to use them not grounded if you don’t want to be poisened",
"Correctly processed raw flaxseed can have reduced levels of the strong laxative/purgative effects normally associated with the high cyanogenic glycoside mucilage component of flaxseed, which otherwise releases toxic hydrogen cyanide via auto-hydrolysis in the presence of water in the gut. Although this is associated with a non-targeted additional laetrile-type of anti-cancer effect, it strongly limits the amount of the most healthful SDG, which could otherwise be consumed. A typical concentration of SDG in oil-free flaxseed is around 1.5%. Careful processing can concentrate the SDG, whilst reducing the glycosides, allowing for a much-reduced gastric challenging serving size suitable for an optimal daily dosage.",
"Okay, so how do I make sure that it is correctly processed? I would show you the website where I found my information, but it is in Danish, so I doupt it would help 😉",
"Wow, that pasta looks great! Are you supposed to use 1.75 cups chickpea flour, or between 0.75 to 1 cup? Thanks, Edan",
"Thanks for the post. Tried the recipe twice today—once to eat right away and try different shapes and lengths The second batch was to store in the refrigerator for tomorrow and see how it stores. These tests were part of the practice for a work potluck next week of chickpea ravioli stuffed with roasted vegetables. Haven’t decided on the vegs. Have you made flavoured pasta? Thinking fresh basil, sun dried tomatoes, pesto, cheese, etc.",
"Hello, I am so glad I came across your website! My family just turned dairy free and I wanted to surprise them with some pasta for dinner.",
"I tride this with pumpkin seed flour and it didn’t really work out. I was wondering if you had any tips for a better result? (It was still good though!)",
"Could this recipe possibly be used as a pizza crust? I’ve seen garbanzo bean pizza crust, but was wondering about adding the flaxseed meal to it? Do you have an opinion? Thank you!",
"These are amazing! We just made them today and loved them. A bit more on the rough side (think wholegrain), but the taste, look and texture was very nice. I made them into very thin (between Vermicelli and spaghetti), tagliatelle with different thickness, and even some farfalle (the ribbon ones). I liked the very thin ones the best, but the other were good as well. Recommended!",
"Each time I tried to boil them they disinterested into the water, even tried adding egg in an attempt to keep them from dissolving. Not my fondest three hours spent...",
"I absolutely loved this pasta! The hearty texture and nutty flavor were superb. Personally I prefer a whole grain texture over the refined processed texture so this pasta was perfect for me. Luckily I was able to borrow a kitchen aid from a friend and it worked wonderfully for this dough. It was my first time making homemade pasta so my dough wasn’t perfect (pretty sticky) but the linguine pasta attachment worked very well. Awesome recipe!!",
"So TASTY and peppery, even served just with extra virgin olive oil! I had to add an extra spoon or 2 of water and use a wide glass instead of a rolling pin, without added flour (it was not very sticky), flatening 1 tiny peice of dough at a time until it looks moist, you can see light through (1-3mm) and use scissors to delicately cut teardrop shapes, reflattening the rest again. It’s not a bendable dough. It’s a LOT of work, too much work if your alone and already hungry so split the batch in 8 and make it ahead of time. I froze it overnight and boiled 40-50 noodles in big boils in lots of water for about 4 minutes. They stuck a LITTLE bit together so I’d add oil or butter in the pot next time but ooverall quite SATISFYING! I can’t eat gluten and had both ingredients on hand so thank alot for the recipe!",
"I love this recipe!!!!! I found it extremely easy to make and was easily 3 portions. The texture and flavour was fabulous!!",
"you might be able to find chickpea or besan flour at an indian grocery for much less than bob’s red mill goes for. i get a giant bag for just a couple dollars – i think it’s Swad/Raja Foods brand.",
"We have a pasta roller and have been searching for a healthy alternative for our pasta cravings. Doubled the recipe and needed more liquid to get it from crumbly to a consistency that we could work with. (Mixed it in the food processor). Added about another 1/4 cup of water and about the same in olive oil. We made ravioli, using almond mozzarella, onion, mushrooms, garlic and chicken sausage for the filling. Turned out very good. Wasn’t succesfull making spagetti or linguini, so we opted for the bow ties with the remainder. Turned out good, too. Used salted water, as suggested, and while I normally don’t add salt at the table, this dish needed it, in my opinion. Not a lot, but added, just the same. Used organic tomato paste for a sauce, all in all, fit the bill! I’m sure we will be quicker next time, but there was a thunder storm and we had time to kill since our pool time was cut short. Definitely recommend!",
"Thanks so much for this AWESOME recipe! I LOVE it. Would you happen to have the nutritional content of this?",
"Hi!! I tried this recipe and loved it!! However, I struggled a little bit with the amount of water, just like someone else commented. Could it be that I didn’t get the correct amount of flour? When you say “1-3/4 cup”, what do you mean? Is it 1 cup plus 3/4 cup? Maybe it’s just the your flour is different from mine. Even though, it was yummy!! Thanks!",
"Sometimes the age of your flour and the humidity in your local climate can impact the amount of water you need (true when you try to make bread, too)",
"I’ve just found this delicious pasta recipe via Pinterest. I’m always looking for new ways to use different flours. I can’t wait to try this, tomorrow night, as a ravioli. I’m looking to for ways to get flaxseed meal in my diet – this is perfect Cassie. Thank you for sharing & giving me inspiration",
"I think this is a really cool and quite simple recipe, but warning: if you make your own chickpea flour (as I did), make sure it’s FINELY ground or the dough won’t bind together correctly. You could just go the easy route and buy chickpea flour also.",
"OMG...I just made this pasta and it was so good! I was able to make it into fettuccine noodles using my Omega NC800 HDS juicer pasta attachments. The only thing I did different from the recipe was drizzle just a very little olive oil in my pasta dough mix and kneaded it in. I thought it might help the dough go through my machine a little easier. It turned out great and I topped it with a homemade avocado sauce. YUM!! Thanks for the recipe.",
"Having read the comments and seeing some people having trouble with the dough not rolling out enough/ being too brittle... would adding psyllium husk or xanthan/ guar gum help? Or would it change the texture too much?",
"This sounds great! Do you think they would hold up in a mac n cheese recipe. Really missing my mac n cheese. Thanks.",
"Just tried this tonight. I usually make sourdough pasta (carobcherub.com/ultimate-wheat) but I decided to try yours because it was 100% chickpea flour. It’s become my latest obsession 😛 I used a food processor and it came together crazy quick. However, it was really sticky after it was mixed together. I didn’t add any more flour, but I was definitely tempted to do so. I used my pasta maker to roll it out. Like I suspected, the dough was on the sticky side. However, It still worked out. I just had to use my wide noodles cutter instead of the thin one. I really love the firm texture of this pasta. It was somewhat bland compared to my sourdough pasta though. I’ll have to make a super flavorful sauce if/when I decide to make this again.",
"Wow wow! I will have to give this a try. I realized about a month ago that I have an allergy to wheat and soy products. Since I deleted the garbage out I HAVE Lost 10 pounds. Have to sayI am tickled over that. An I love using garbanzo bean flour! I will have to make this and send a picture. I promise to salt the water. 😉",
"Can you make your own garbanzo bean flour (or any other bean for that matter) by grinding dried beans? I am definitely going to try this as the cost of “black bean spaghetti noodles” is outrageous for one that loves pasta but is, sadly, gluten intolerant. Thanks for your recipes.",
"I just made this pasta, but I did do something wrong as it was a bit sticky. Still tasty though. I made it with a pumpkin and cashew nut purée, roasted some cauliflower and pine nuts along with some Beetroot with fresh basil scattered on top. . It was delicious and kept my pasta cravings at bay. Thank you",
"Can u make this in bulk to freeze? I try to make everything I can from scratch. But pasta would be too time intensive an indeed or with my toddler running around unless I could make it in bulk for later. What is the best way to store it long term? I also have a dehydrator.",
"I was wondering if this would completely flop if I used eggs instead of flaxseed? So egg, flour and water. Will it turn out super sticky?",
"My name is Cassie, and I want to help you eat better. I believe eating whole foods can change your life (it did mine), and I believe you can do it without losing your mind, going broke, or eating like a bird.",
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},
"parsed_md": "chickpea and flaxseed homemade pasta (vegan, gluten-free) - Back to Her Roots\n\nBack to Her Roots\n\n# chickpea and flaxseed homemade pasta (vegan, gluten-free)\n\nSeptember 27, 201186\n\nIf this elimination diet has taught me nothing else, it has opened me up to\nthe world of gluten-free flours, and more specifically, my newly-beloved\nchickpea flour. Made from finely ground chickpeas (garbanzo beans), the flour\nis packed with protein and fiber, and slight chickpea flavor that can be\neither complimented or hidden with other flavors depending on your end goal.\nSo far with chickpea flour, we’ve made pancakes, socca, and the world’s\ncreamiest and smoothest hummus. Seriously, it is worth buying a bag of the\nstuff just for the hummus. You can normally find it in the gluten-free baking\nsection of your grocery store. We buy Bob’s Red Mill brand.\n\nBesides the hummus, my favorite thing to come out of the discovery of chickpea\nflour is homemade pasta. It hadn’t made it on the blog yet, but before we went\ngluten-free, I was on a bit of a homemade pasta kick. Even though I don’t own\na pasta machine (well, other than the one we use with polymer clay) and had no\nprevious pasta-making experience, I was able to made delicious fresh pasta in\na few blinks of an eye. It was shockingly easy! I had my mind-set on making\nsome gluten-free and vegan pasta and I definitely hit a home run on the first\ntry.\n\nThe beauty of this pasta dough is its total simplicity. Three ingredients. And\none happens to be water. It doesn’t get much easier than that. The end result\nis a soft pasta with a slightly nutty flavor from the flaxseed. You won’t be\nfooling any die-hard white/refined pasta fan, but if you tend to like more\nhearty carbs, this is a pasta for you. We paired it with some vegan roasted\nred pepper pesto (recipe coming soon) and it was an amazing combo.\n\nMy favorite pasta-making method is 100% (wo)man-powered. I pile up the flour\non a board, make a well, and then dump in the egg (or in this case, flax egg).\nThen I slowly incorporate the flour with the wet until it forms into a nice\nsolid dough. At first, it always seems like there is way too much flour, but I\npromise it’ll all combine nicely if you just keep working it. Be patient.\n\nIf you have a pasta roller and cutter, awesome blossom! Go ahead and use those\nto your liking. I do not. So I used my good ole rolling pin and pizza cutter.\nThe key to good pasta is rolling it out very, very thin. Thinner than you\nthink it should be. The pasta with double or triple (or even more) in\nthickness from absorbing the cooking water.\n\nIf you are going the ghetto simple method, like I did, try to stick with pasta\nshapes that can accept some imperfection. Farfalle (bow tie pasta) is perfect\nfor those of us without a pasta cutter. Just cut into squares, pinch, and you\nhave some adorable, rustic bow ties.\n\nNow, before I give you my recipe (ha! it can barely even be called that), you\nhave to give me your solemn vow that you will salt your pasta cooking water.\nYou’ll notice there is no salt in the dough recipe. This is because it is\ndesigned to soak up the delicious salty water while cooking. Go ahead, raise\nyour right hand and repeat after me, “I, BTHR reader, solemnly swear to salt\nmy pasta cooking water liberally. If I do not, I will not hold Cass, Babyface\nor Puppyface responsible for the disgusting pasta on my plate.”\n\nAlright, now you can have the recipe.\n\n### Chickpea and Flaxseed Homemade Pasta\n\nServes two\n\nThis recipe is designed to serve two generously, but it can easily be doubled,\ntripled and so on. The dough will be strong and a little bit tough to work\nwith, that’s alright. You are not looking for a sticky dough.\n\nPrint this recipe\n\n#### Ingredients:\n\n * 2 tablespoons ground flax seed\n * 6 tablespoons warm water\n * 1-3/4 cup chickpea flour (plus more for rolling)\n\n#### Directions:\n\n 1. In a small bowl, whisk together the flax seed and warm water. Set aside for 5 minutes, or until thick and gelled.\n 2. On a large baking board, pile chickpea flour and make a well in the middle. Pour in flax seed mixture in the well.\n 3. Begin gently mixing the flour with the flax seed mixture until well combined. Form dough into a disc and wrap in plastic wrap and let rest at room temperature for 20-30 minutes.\n 4. After resting time is up, bring a pot of salted water to a boil.\n 5. Divide dough disc in halves or quarters (depending on how big your rolling surface is) and roll out to very, very thin on a floured surface.\n 6. Trim dough into desired pasta shapes.\n 7. To cook, drop pasta into rapidly boiling water. Cook for 2-3 minutes or until all pasta is cooked through. Keep a close eye on it, because it’ll overcook quickly. It is still delicious when overcooked, just fragile. Drain and serve!\n\n### Have you ever made your own pasta before?\n\n« favorite celebrity chefs.\n\nwhat i ate wednesday: in the groove »\n\n### 86 Comments\n\n 1. Rachel says\n\nSeptember 27, 2011 at 7:20 pm\n\nWow, who knew chickpea flower was easy enough to work with to use it for\nhomemade pasta! My then boyfriend and I made pasta together once a looong time\nago. We found it difficult to roll the dough out thin enough. You’ve inspired\nme to give it another try!\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nSeptember 27, 2011 at 7:23 pm\n\nI think the key to rolling it thin is starting with a very small hunk of\ndough, that way you can really focus on getting it paper thin. Good luck! And\nI highly recommend chickpea flour. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Gina says\n\nDecember 19, 2011 at 5:08 pm\n\nCan u use this recipe with a pasta maker machine? What type of noodle would be\nbest,thick or thin.?\n\n * Cassie says\n\nDecember 19, 2011 at 5:14 pm\n\nI don’t have a pasta machine, but I don’t see why not. A thicker noodle would\ndefinitely be best. The lack of gluten makes the dough pretty fragile when\nit’s thin.\n\n * Stefanie says\n\nFebruary 8, 2012 at 3:19 pm\n\nSounds Yummie, will try this weekend. Am i missing the serving size?\n\n 2. Rikk Ofek says\n\nSeptember 27, 2011 at 7:23 pm\n\nLove it! I’m going to pick up some chickpea flour this weekend and get to\nexperimenting! My great-grandmother, my grandmother and now, I use the same\nmethod as you for making the dough for noodles. In my family the recipe was\npassed down for making egg noodles that go in chicken soup. I always like\nmaking the noodles by hand, it feels old world and there is a pretty cool way\nof rolling the dough up and cutting it to make it into stringy noodles for\nsoup. : ) I think I might like to experiment with this noodle recipe for\nraviolis filled with sweet potato, or butternut squash... we’ll see...\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nSeptember 27, 2011 at 7:59 pm\n\nOooh! That sounds so good. The sweet potato/squash would pair so well with the\nflax taste. YUM.\n\nAnd my family does the same thing for chicken ‘n’ dumplins for Thanksgiving\nevery year. The recipe is basically “a crapload of flour + a crapload of eggs”\nand a whole lot of elbow grease. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 3. Athena says\n\nSeptember 28, 2011 at 11:49 am\n\nWhat cute little yummy looking pasta! I have never made homemade pasta before,\nbut I bought a pasta rolling attachment for my Kitchen aid. One day, I will\nbreak it in and make some pasta. I want to make some pumpkin filled ravioli\nwith a sage brown butter sauce.\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nSeptember 28, 2011 at 1:10 pm\n\nI would LOVE the pasta attachment, but I just can’t justify the moolah!\n\nReply\n\n * Athena says\n\nSeptember 28, 2011 at 2:26 pm\n\nI totally understand that. I got mine with a gift certificate I won from a\ncooking contest. 🙂\n\n 4. Caitlin says\n\nSeptember 30, 2011 at 11:33 am\n\nwhoa lady! this looks fantastic! as a gluten-free vegan, i am all over this\nrecipe!!\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nSeptember 30, 2011 at 11:39 am\n\nHope you love it!\n\nReply\n\n 5. liz says\n\nOctober 1, 2011 at 7:17 pm\n\nwow, girl. you just did what the grain-free community has been begging for for\nyears. seriously. you cracked the code!\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nOctober 1, 2011 at 9:09 pm\n\nHope you like it! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 6. Kris says\n\nOctober 1, 2011 at 8:37 pm\n\nI was really excited to try my first homemade pasta since we went allergen\nfree last week. I had a really difficult time rolling it out and I used pretty\nsmall pieces. They got smaller and smaller in an attempt to make them thin\nenough. They weren’t awful but, my son didn’t like them. They were too doughy\nbecause I didn’t make them thin enough. I am sure they will be great if I can\njust figure out how to thin them out.\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nOctober 1, 2011 at 9:08 pm\n\nHaving a roller would definitely help. It is not an easy task doing it by\nhand.\n\nReply\n\n * Jessy says\n\nOctober 18, 2011 at 8:04 am\n\nMy boyfriend has a very serious grain allergy so to prevent cross-\ncontamination in baking I roll out a lot of my doughs between two sheets of\nparchment paper. It worked really well for getting the pasta thin enough\nwithout a machine, it was like linguine.\n\nReply\n\n 7. J3nn says\n\nOctober 1, 2011 at 10:05 pm\n\nThat sounds incredible! I love black bean spaghetti and chickpea flour bread,\nso I’m sure i would like this too. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nOctober 3, 2011 at 8:54 am\n\nBlack bean spaghetti? That sounds awesome!\n\nReply\n\n * Creceda says\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 10:30 am\n\nIt is!!! I was online looking for a homemade black bean recipe and came across\nyour site. I love the simplicity. Thanks for your site!\n\n 8. Jennifer says\n\nOctober 2, 2011 at 12:57 am\n\nThis homemade pasta is mesmerizing! I have always wanted to make my own fresh\npasta. That’s wonderful it’s made with chickpea flour too!\n\n(P.S. I love your prints on your Etsy shop!)\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nOctober 3, 2011 at 8:54 am\n\nThanks! You should definitely try making your own. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 9. Stu says\n\nOctober 21, 2011 at 7:06 pm\n\nThank you for the wonderful recipe. Any idea how it does in lasagna? With the\nlonger cooking time I’m curious.\n\nThank you\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nOctober 21, 2011 at 7:44 pm\n\nI haven’t tried it yet in lasagna, but I’m a little afraid they might just\ntotally fall apart. They cook so quickly! Maybe try letting the noodles dry\nout a bit before putting them in the lasagna? If you do try it, let me know\nhow it turns out!\n\nReply\n\n 10. anna says\n\nNovember 11, 2011 at 6:08 pm\n\nJust an idea for the “lasagne”, you could boil the pasta sheets separately and\nlayer them with sauce/cheese before serving. And maybe broil cheese on top.\nNot quite the same oven-baked result, but more sort of like open ravioli\n(which I have seen a recipe for somewhere).\n\nReply\n\n 11. Jane says\n\nFebruary 20, 2012 at 9:02 am\n\nThis sounds amazing! Gorgeous pictures!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Shivi says\n\nFebruary 25, 2012 at 7:50 am\n\nJust made the pasta tonight. It was, less than enticing. Not the recipe’s\nfault at all though! I did like the nutty flavour of the pasta but I made the\nmistake of using the pasta machine when I’ve never made pasta before, let\nalone used a machine. So I ended up with a big doughy,thick, gluggy mess BUT I\nwill definitely try this again as if I had the texture/consistency down pat I\nknow it would have been AMAZING. I think using a rolling pin will make it much\neasier for a newbie like me. Will let you know how round 2 goes!\n\nReply\n\n 13. RGFPV says\n\nMarch 24, 2012 at 3:12 pm\n\nWow. You just made a recipe for something that was thought of being impossible\na few years ago. I am so excited to try this. Thank you so much!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Nat says\n\nMarch 31, 2012 at 9:55 pm\n\nWhen I made the pasta, it was very fragile. Every time I tried to shape it\ninto the bow ties it broke. So I used a small biscuit cutter, maybe an inch or\ntwo in size, and that worked wonderfully! After boiling for a minute I sauted\nthem in a pan with olive oil, a little crushed red pepper, sun dried tomatoes,\nfresh spinach and cherry tomatoes (sliced into thirds) until the spinach had\nslightly wilted. It was oh so good! I’v made fresh pasta before but not gluten\nfree, although it is a tad more challenging, it is definitely worth it. And I\nthink I could put this on non gluten free eaters plates and they would love it\nas much as regular pasta!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Mhaliday says\n\nMay 8, 2012 at 2:21 pm\n\nI’ve taken ground flax as a supplement but never cared for the taste in\nrecipe. Hummus was one of these so I bet this recipe would taste similar.\n\nI have recently discovered chia, though, which has many properties in common\nwith flax (including use as egg substitute) but has almost no flavor of its\nown. I bet it would work really well.\n\nReply\n\n 16. Wynn Zetterberg says\n\nJune 11, 2012 at 1:13 am\n\nCan you dry this or maybe free it? I was thinking I could make a few batches\nand do it once a month if it’s possible to do that. Great recipe and site.\nI’ve been a veg head for awhile, but I just became gluten free for health\nreasons and this is a godsend. Thank you so much.\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nJune 11, 2012 at 6:03 am\n\nI haven’t tried it, buy I don’t see why not. Since it’s pretty fragile, I\nthink freezing might be best. Let me know if you try it.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Jason says\n\nNovember 14, 2012 at 12:07 pm\n\nI’ve been making pasta for years and my standard recipe has always been the\nflour/egg combo (with salted water). My initial thought was to simply sub in\nthe chick pea flour for the regular flour but your recipe has no egg. I’m a\nlittle curious if the binding that is obviously adequate in your recipe is\ncoming from the oil in the flax, or is this something I can expect in dealing\nwith the chick pea flour? Eliminating the egg makes it seem almost like a\nflammekeuche type dough but I’m concerned about the binding. Any advice?\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nNovember 14, 2012 at 12:12 pm\n\nIt’s definitely crumblier than regular pasta dough, but it sticks together\njust fine with careful handling. I would say that chickpea flour is a lot\nfiner than regular flower, and it has a definite sticky quality. So maybe\nthat’s why it works. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 18. Jes says\n\nNovember 19, 2012 at 4:37 pm\n\nHello!\n\nThis recipe sounds great! Do you think it would work to dry and store it? I\nhave a gluten free friend that I’d love to gift some of this the next time I\nvisit!\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nNovember 19, 2012 at 7:41 pm\n\nI’m actually not sure, Jes! I’ve never tried. If you do test it out, make sure\nyou report back. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 19. Andrea says\n\nNovember 25, 2012 at 8:04 pm\n\nThank you for this. I’ve just been told to cut out all gluten, corn and rice\nand am dying for pasta. I’m going to try your recipe in a couple of days as a\nnoodle. When I’m sure that I’ve got it right I will try it in a spinach\nricotta lasagne. BTW I found it funny that your only pasta machine is for\npolymer clay. Mine too! Too funny!\n\nReply\n\n 20. Amanda (amethystjean) says\n\nDecember 27, 2012 at 6:19 pm\n\n1\\. This looks awesome! 2. How do you make hummus with chickpea flour? 3.\nThank you!\n\nReply\n\n 21. Amy says\n\nFebruary 24, 2013 at 9:49 pm\n\nThank you for the recipe, it was easy! I made it for my son who might have\ngluten sensitivity. He loved it too.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Brianna says\n\nMarch 22, 2013 at 4:54 pm\n\nWould this work for ravioli dough?\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nMarch 22, 2013 at 9:03 pm\n\nI haven’t tried it, but I don’t see why not. Let me know how it turns out if\nyou try it!\n\nReply\n\n 23. Emily says\n\nJune 6, 2013 at 10:58 am\n\nI made these with soy flour. I had to add about 2 T more water, but they came\nout delicious!\n\nReply\n\n 24. William says\n\nJuly 26, 2013 at 10:45 am\n\nYou know, traditional southern Italian/Sicilian pasta recipes often consist of\nonly flour, water, salt, and olive oil. In these it is essential to properly\ndevelop the gluten through kneading. Do you think some of the brittleness\nexperienced with your recipe could be improved upon by kneading the flax meal\nmixture into the dough for a longer period of time?\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nJuly 26, 2013 at 5:12 pm\n\nIt could be, although since there is no gluten to develop, I’m not sure it’ll\nmake much of a difference. But it’s worth a shot! Let me know if you try it\nout.\n\nReply\n\n 25. Denise says\n\nSeptember 12, 2013 at 6:27 am\n\nThis is a great sight! Great idea and can’t wait to try it. I make my own\nchickpea flour and use it for so many things and this is what I have been\nlooking for. I am so excited! Thank you for this post!! ♥\n\nReply\n\n 26. Elias says\n\nNovember 17, 2013 at 8:26 pm\n\nI just made this. Tasted delicious! I’m going to make this every time I want\npasta! Wonder how it would work as ravioli with pesto inside. Will try that\nnext time 😀\n\nReply\n\n 27. Felicity says\n\nNovember 18, 2013 at 4:37 am\n\nThanks Cassie! I just made this and I think it will be a great recipe once\nI’ve perfected the art of rolling pasta really thin. I rolled it quite thin\nbut obviously not enough as the pasta bows were about twice as thick and wide\nas normal packet pasta. Still, the flavour was good and definitely reminiscent\nof ordinary pasta. I’m definitely going to try this again! Awesome for if\nyou’re cooking for a gluten free vegan. Cheers 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 28. Tacita says\n\nDecember 22, 2013 at 12:58 pm\n\nThank you for this recipe!!!! A life saviour for me this Christmas as we are\nhaving a vegan feast but my sister needs to be gluten-free for now.\n\nI am making artichoke filled ravioli with it and the tests I did so far worked\nreally well!\n\nxxx\n\nT.\n\nReply\n\n 29. Nanna says\n\nJanuary 6, 2014 at 10:23 am\n\nactually flaxseeds secrete hydrogen cyanide when comminuted, so it’s probably\nbetter to use them not grounded if you don’t want to be poisened\n\nReply\n\n 30. Laurie says\n\nJanuary 9, 2014 at 2:03 am\n\nNanna, Not exactly true – I went to a website, Gaia Research on Flaxseed to\ncheck out your comment.\n\nThe following is copied from that website\n\nCorrectly processed raw flaxseed can have reduced levels of the strong\nlaxative/purgative effects normally associated with the high cyanogenic\nglycoside mucilage component of flaxseed, which otherwise releases toxic\nhydrogen cyanide via auto-hydrolysis in the presence of water in the gut.\nAlthough this is associated with a non-targeted additional laetrile-type of\nanti-cancer effect, it strongly limits the amount of the most healthful SDG,\nwhich could otherwise be consumed. A typical concentration of SDG in oil-free\nflaxseed is around 1.5%. Careful processing can concentrate the SDG, whilst\nreducing the glycosides, allowing for a much-reduced gastric challenging\nserving size suitable for an optimal daily dosage.\n\nReply\n\n * Nanna says\n\nJanuary 10, 2014 at 5:56 pm\n\nOkay, so how do I make sure that it is correctly processed? I would show you\nthe website where I found my information, but it is in Danish, so I doupt it\nwould help 😉\n\nReply\n\n 31. martin mcpake says\n\nJanuary 22, 2014 at 12:20 pm\n\ncan I use just normal flax seeds? do I have to buy ground flax seeds?\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nJanuary 24, 2014 at 10:46 am\n\nYes, you can use normal flax seeds and just grind them yourself.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Edan G. says\n\nJanuary 25, 2014 at 8:49 am\n\nWow, that pasta looks great! Are you supposed to use 1.75 cups chickpea flour,\nor between 0.75 to 1 cup? Thanks, Edan\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nJanuary 25, 2014 at 1:34 pm\n\n1 and 3/4 cups flour. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Edan G. says\n\nJanuary 25, 2014 at 2:58 pm\n\nThanks for the quick answer! These look great, I’ll probably make them soon.\n\n 33. kaleb says\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 10:38 pm\n\nDo you think you could put this concoction in a pasta maker??\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nJanuary 29, 2014 at 10:04 am\n\nI’m not sure, I’ve never tried (I don’t even own one). If you do try it, let\nme know!\n\nReply\n\n 34. Bart Cummins says\n\nFebruary 10, 2014 at 10:56 pm\n\nThanks for the post. Tried the recipe twice today—once to eat right away and\ntry different shapes and lengths The second batch was to store in the\nrefrigerator for tomorrow and see how it stores. These tests were part of the\npractice for a work potluck next week of chickpea ravioli stuffed with roasted\nvegetables. Haven’t decided on the vegs. Have you made flavoured pasta?\nThinking fresh basil, sun dried tomatoes, pesto, cheese, etc.\n\nReply\n\n 35. barbara says\n\nFebruary 20, 2014 at 8:41 pm\n\nHello, I am so glad I came across your website! My family just turned dairy\nfree and I wanted to surprise them with some pasta for dinner.\n\nI tride this with pumpkin seed flour and it didn’t really work out. I was\nwondering if you had any tips for a better result? (It was still good though!)\n\nReply\n\n 36. jeannie says\n\nMarch 7, 2014 at 3:08 pm\n\nCould this recipe possibly be used as a pizza crust? I’ve seen garbanzo bean\npizza crust, but was wondering about adding the flaxseed meal to it? Do you\nhave an opinion? Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 37. Liane says\n\nMarch 14, 2014 at 12:48 pm\n\nThese are amazing! We just made them today and loved them. A bit more on the\nrough side (think wholegrain), but the taste, look and texture was very nice.\nI made them into very thin (between Vermicelli and spaghetti), tagliatelle\nwith different thickness, and even some farfalle (the ribbon ones). I liked\nthe very thin ones the best, but the other were good as well. Recommended!\n\nReply\n\n 38. Jennifer says\n\nApril 16, 2014 at 7:46 pm\n\nEach time I tried to boil them they disinterested into the water, even tried\nadding egg in an attempt to keep them from dissolving. Not my fondest three\nhours spent...\n\nReply\n\n 39. Toki says\n\nApril 23, 2014 at 10:27 am\n\nI absolutely loved this pasta! The hearty texture and nutty flavor were\nsuperb. Personally I prefer a whole grain texture over the refined processed\ntexture so this pasta was perfect for me. Luckily I was able to borrow a\nkitchen aid from a friend and it worked wonderfully for this dough. It was my\nfirst time making homemade pasta so my dough wasn’t perfect (pretty sticky)\nbut the linguine pasta attachment worked very well. Awesome recipe!!\n\nReply\n\n 40. rose says\n\nMay 22, 2014 at 3:00 pm\n\nSo TASTY and peppery, even served just with extra virgin olive oil! I had to\nadd an extra spoon or 2 of water and use a wide glass instead of a rolling\npin, without added flour (it was not very sticky), flatening 1 tiny peice of\ndough at a time until it looks moist, you can see light through (1-3mm) and\nuse scissors to delicately cut teardrop shapes, reflattening the rest again.\nIt’s not a bendable dough. It’s a LOT of work, too much work if your alone and\nalready hungry so split the batch in 8 and make it ahead of time. I froze it\novernight and boiled 40-50 noodles in big boils in lots of water for about 4\nminutes. They stuck a LITTLE bit together so I’d add oil or butter in the pot\nnext time but ooverall quite SATISFYING! I can’t eat gluten and had both\ningredients on hand so thank alot for the recipe!\n\nReply\n\n 41. Dhaezi says\n\nJune 18, 2014 at 6:12 pm\n\nI love this recipe!!!!! I found it extremely easy to make and was easily 3\nportions. The texture and flavour was fabulous!!\n\nReply\n\n 42. lynne says\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 4:00 pm\n\nyou might be able to find chickpea or besan flour at an indian grocery for\nmuch less than bob’s red mill goes for. i get a giant bag for just a couple\ndollars – i think it’s Swad/Raja Foods brand.\n\nReply\n\n 43. Annie & Rob says\n\nJuly 6, 2014 at 7:46 pm\n\nWe have a pasta roller and have been searching for a healthy alternative for\nour pasta cravings. Doubled the recipe and needed more liquid to get it from\ncrumbly to a consistency that we could work with. (Mixed it in the food\nprocessor). Added about another 1/4 cup of water and about the same in olive\noil. We made ravioli, using almond mozzarella, onion, mushrooms, garlic and\nchicken sausage for the filling. Turned out very good. Wasn’t succesfull\nmaking spagetti or linguini, so we opted for the bow ties with the remainder.\nTurned out good, too. Used salted water, as suggested, and while I normally\ndon’t add salt at the table, this dish needed it, in my opinion. Not a lot,\nbut added, just the same. Used organic tomato paste for a sauce, all in all,\nfit the bill! I’m sure we will be quicker next time, but there was a thunder\nstorm and we had time to kill since our pool time was cut short. Definitely\nrecommend!\n\nReply\n\n 44. Natasha Hall says\n\nOctober 19, 2014 at 10:57 pm\n\nThanks so much for this AWESOME recipe! I LOVE it. Would you happen to have\nthe nutritional content of this?\n\nThanks, ~Natasha\n\nReply\n\n 45. Consuelo Hermosillan says\n\nNovember 11, 2014 at 7:21 pm\n\nHi!! I tried this recipe and loved it!! However, I struggled a little bit with\nthe amount of water, just like someone else commented. Could it be that I\ndidn’t get the correct amount of flour? When you say “1-3/4 cup”, what do you\nmean? Is it 1 cup plus 3/4 cup? Maybe it’s just the your flour is different\nfrom mine. Even though, it was yummy!! Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nNovember 12, 2014 at 9:07 am\n\nYes, 1 and 3/4 cup.\n\nReply\n\n * Diane says\n\nFebruary 26, 2015 at 4:34 pm\n\nSometimes the age of your flour and the humidity in your local climate can\nimpact the amount of water you need (true when you try to make bread, too)\n\nReply\n\n 46. Miss Food Fairy says\n\nApril 6, 2015 at 3:04 am\n\nI’ve just found this delicious pasta recipe via Pinterest. I’m always looking\nfor new ways to use different flours. I can’t wait to try this, tomorrow\nnight, as a ravioli. I’m looking to for ways to get flaxseed meal in my diet –\nthis is perfect Cassie. Thank you for sharing & giving me inspiration\n\nReply\n\n 47. Liana says\n\nApril 18, 2015 at 3:54 pm\n\nI think this is a really cool and quite simple recipe, but warning: if you\nmake your own chickpea flour (as I did), make sure it’s FINELY ground or the\ndough won’t bind together correctly. You could just go the easy route and buy\nchickpea flour also.\n\nReply\n\n 48. Annie says\n\nJune 8, 2015 at 8:35 pm\n\nOMG...I just made this pasta and it was so good! I was able to make it into\nfettuccine noodles using my Omega NC800 HDS juicer pasta attachments. The only\nthing I did different from the recipe was drizzle just a very little olive oil\nin my pasta dough mix and kneaded it in. I thought it might help the dough go\nthrough my machine a little easier. It turned out great and I topped it with a\nhomemade avocado sauce. YUM!! Thanks for the recipe.\n\nReply\n\n 49. art says\n\nJune 20, 2015 at 4:12 pm\n\nGosh!!! i look forward to trying this recipe. Maybe I can use my pasta\nmachine.\n\nTHAAAANNK YOU!!!!\n\nReply\n\n 50. Jessica says\n\nAugust 19, 2015 at 10:57 am\n\nHi there,\n\nHaving read the comments and seeing some people having trouble with the dough\nnot rolling out enough/ being too brittle... would adding psyllium husk or\nxanthan/ guar gum help? Or would it change the texture too much?\n\nReply\n\n 51. Don says\n\nAugust 22, 2015 at 1:15 pm\n\nThis sounds great! Do you think they would hold up in a mac n cheese recipe.\nReally missing my mac n cheese. Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 52. Sara says\n\nSeptember 12, 2015 at 8:27 pm\n\nJust tried this tonight. I usually make sourdough pasta\n(carobcherub.com/ultimate-wheat) but I decided to try yours because it was\n100% chickpea flour. It’s become my latest obsession 😛 I used a food processor\nand it came together crazy quick. However, it was really sticky after it was\nmixed together. I didn’t add any more flour, but I was definitely tempted to\ndo so. I used my pasta maker to roll it out. Like I suspected, the dough was\non the sticky side. However, It still worked out. I just had to use my wide\nnoodles cutter instead of the thin one. I really love the firm texture of this\npasta. It was somewhat bland compared to my sourdough pasta though. I’ll have\nto make a super flavorful sauce if/when I decide to make this again.\n\nReply\n\n 53. Angela says\n\nNovember 13, 2015 at 1:09 pm\n\nWow wow! I will have to give this a try. I realized about a month ago that I\nhave an allergy to wheat and soy products. Since I deleted the garbage out I\nHAVE Lost 10 pounds. Have to sayI am tickled over that. An I love using\ngarbanzo bean flour! I will have to make this and send a picture. I promise to\nsalt the water. 😉\n\nReply\n\n 54. Kris Faul says\n\nNovember 27, 2015 at 12:12 pm\n\nCan you make your own garbanzo bean flour (or any other bean for that matter)\nby grinding dried beans? I am definitely going to try this as the cost of\n“black bean spaghetti noodles” is outrageous for one that loves pasta but is,\nsadly, gluten intolerant. Thanks for your recipes.\n\nReply\n\n 55. desiree says\n\nFebruary 2, 2016 at 11:53 pm\n\nSimply great\n\nReply\n\n 56. Sian says\n\nJune 7, 2016 at 2:54 am\n\nI just made this pasta, but I did do something wrong as it was a bit sticky.\nStill tasty though. I made it with a pumpkin and cashew nut purée, roasted\nsome cauliflower and pine nuts along with some Beetroot with fresh basil\nscattered on top. . It was delicious and kept my pasta cravings at bay. Thank\nyou\n\nReply\n\n 57. Karen says\n\nJune 11, 2016 at 4:22 pm\n\nCan u make this in bulk to freeze? I try to make everything I can from\nscratch. But pasta would be too time intensive an indeed or with my toddler\nrunning around unless I could make it in bulk for later. What is the best way\nto store it long term? I also have a dehydrator.\n\nReply\n\n 58. Sarah says\n\nJune 18, 2016 at 2:31 am\n\nI was wondering if this would completely flop if I used eggs instead of\nflaxseed? So egg, flour and water. Will it turn out super sticky?\n\nReply\n\n * Cassie says\n\nJune 22, 2016 at 10:16 am\n\nI haven’t tried it, but it’s worth a shot! Let me know if you do.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Hello, Friends!\n\nMy name is Cassie, and I want to help you eat better. I believe eating whole\nfoods can change your life (it did mine), and I believe you can do it without\nlosing your mind, going broke, or eating like a bird.\n\nMore About Me »\n\n#### Connect\n\n#### New\n\n * About This Blog\n * Blogging Resources\n * Food Philosophy\n * Healthy Lunch Ideas\n * In My Pantry\n * Popular Posts\n * Recipe Index\n * Recommended Reading\n * Start A Blog\n\n#### Sign up to receive emails from Back to Her Roots and get a FREE copy of\nmy 13 Simple Smoothies eCookbook.\n\nYou’ll get notified of each new post on Back to Her Roots. 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}
] |
1,454,213 | How To Cross Multiply | To cross multiply, start by multiplying the numerator of the left-hand fraction by the denominator of the right-hand fraction. Then, multiply the numerator of the right-hand fraction by the denominator of the left-hand fraction. Next, set the 2 products equal to each other. Finally, solve for the variable. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210510021759/http://www.aaamath.com/rat-prop-crossx.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210503090450/http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/57461.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211102170533/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/ratio2.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507212656/https://virtualnerd.com/geometry/similarity/ratios-proportions/proportion-cross-multiply-example",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211221165931/https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/cross-multiply.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200808230011/https://www.decodedscience.org/cross-multiply-to-solve-equations-with-fractions/25496/"
] | train | 864 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.aaamath.com/rat-prop-crossx.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210510021759/http://www.aaamath.com/rat-prop-crossx.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Solving Proportions by Cross Multiplication.",
"passages": [
"Cross multiplication is the multiplication of the numerator of the first ratio by the denominator of the second ratio and the multiplication of the denominator of the first ratio by the numerator of the second ratio.",
"21 3 -- = -- 70 10 21 * 10 = 70 * 3 210 = 210\nIf one term of a proportion is not known, cross multiplication can be used to find the value of that term.",
"x 3 -- = -- 70 10 x * 10 = 70 * 3 10x = 210 10x 210 --- = --- 10 10 x =\n21"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Solving Proportions by Cross Multiplication.\n\nCross multiplication to solve proportions\n\n> A proportion is an equation which states that two ratios are equal.\n>\n> When the terms of a proportion are cross multiplied, the cross products are\n> equal.\n>\n> Cross multiplication is the multiplication of the numerator of the first\n> ratio by the denominator of the second ratio and the multiplication of the\n> denominator of the first ratio by the numerator of the second ratio.\n> \n> \n> 21 3 -- = -- 70 10 21 * 10 = 70 * 3 210 = 210\n>\n> If one term of a proportion is not known, cross multiplication can be used\n> to find the value of that term.\n> \n> \n> x 3 -- = -- 70 10 x * 10 = 70 * 3 10x = 210 10x 210 --- = --- 10 10 x =\n> 21\n\nReturn to Top \n \n--- \n \n#### Unit Rates\n\nDetermine the value of x by cross multiplying.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/57461.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503090450/http://mathforum.org/library/drmath/view/57461.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "\n\n"
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{
"original_url": "https://www.purplemath.com/modules/ratio2.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211102170533/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/ratio2.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Proportions",
"passages": [
"A ratio is one thing or value compared with or related to another thing or value; it is just a statement or an expression, and can only perhaps be simplified or reduced.",
"On the other hand, a proportion is two ratios which have been set equal to each other; a proportion is an equation that can be solved.",
"When I say that a proportion is two ratios that are equal to each other, I mean this in the sense of two fractions being equal to each other. For instance, equals .",
"Solving a proportion means that we have been given an equation containing two fractions which have been set equal to each other, and we are missing one part of one of the fractions; we then need to solve for that one missing value. For instance, suppose we are given the following equation:",
"We already know, by just looking at this equation and comparing the two fractions, that x must be equal to 5, but let's suppose for the moment that we hadn't noticed this. We can solve the given equation by multiplying through on both sides by 10 (or, if one prefers, ) to clear the denominators:",
"Often times, students are asked to solve proportions before they've learned how to solve rational equations, which can be a bit of a problem. If one hasn't yet learned about rational expressions (that is, polynomial fractions), then it will be necessary to \"get by\" with \"cross-multiplication\".",
"To cross-multiply, we start with an equation in which two fractions are set equal to each other. Then we take each denominator and move it aCROSS the \"equals\" sign and then MULTIPLY it against the other fraction's numerator. The cross-multiplication solution of the above exercise looks like this:",
"Then we would solve the resulting linear equation by dividing through by 2 to again arrive at x = 5.",
"Note the process in the above. We multiplied the left-hand side's denominator by the right-hand side's numerator, and then divided by the right-hand side's denominator. You may see this process explicitly applied for the solving of proportions. The method of solution would then by to cross-multiply the numbers (that is, in the direction that does not involve the variable), and then divide by the remaining number. In very informal notation, the process looks like this:",
"The green arrow pointing northeast (that is, from bottom left to upper right) indicates the multiplication step; the purple looping arrow that ends up pointing at the variable indicates the division step.",
"The variable in this proportion is in the denominator of the right-hand side's fraction, but that's okay. I can still cross-multiply and solve.",
"It's harder to \"show your work\" using the shorthand method, but the shorthand method is easier to plug into your calculator. Use whatever method works well for you.",
"Hm... Can proportions have fractional solutions? Yes, definitely; they can! I mustn't let the only-whole-number exercises and examples mislead me into thinking that proportions must always have whole-number answers. They don't. My fractional answer is perfectly fine.",
"Proportions wouldn't be of much use if you only used them for reducing fractions. A more typical use would be something like the following:",
"The ratio of waterfowl in a given park is 16 ducks to 9 geese. Suppose that there are 192 ducks in total. How many geese are there in total?",
"They've asked me to solve for an unknown value, so I'll need an equation with a variable. They've given me a ratio, so my equation will be a proportion.",
"I'll let \"G\" stand for the unknown number of geese. I'll clearly label the orientation of my ratios (so I don't confuse which number stands for what), and then I'll set up my proportional equation:",
"I labelled things clearly at the beginning, so I know that \"G\" stands for \"the number of geese in the park\". So my answer is:",
"\"Cross-multiplying\" is standard classroom language, in that it is very commonly used by students and instructors, but it is not technically a mathematical term. You might not see \"cross-multiplication\" mentioned in your textbook, but you will almost certainly hear it in your class or study group.",
"Notice how, when I was setting up my equation at the beginning of my solution above, I prefaced my proportion by writing out my ratio in words; namely:",
"This is not standard notation (in the sense of your textbook being likely to use it), but it can be very helpful for setting up proportions. By clearly labelling which values are represented by the numerators and denominators, respectively, you will help yourself keep track of what each number stands for; you won't mix up which number or unit goes where.",
"In other words, using this method will help you set up your proportions correctly. If you do not set up the ratios consistently (for instance, if, in the above example, I'd mixed up where the values for the \"ducks\" and the \"geese\" were supposed to go in the various fractions), I'd have gotten an incorrect answer. Clarity in your set-up is crucially important when working with proportions. We will return to this subject later."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Proportions | Purplemath\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n\n * Alphabetically\n * In Study Order\n * HW Guidelines\n * Study Skills Quiz\n * Find Local Tutors\n\n * Demo MathHelp.com\n * Join MathHelp.com\n * Login\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n * Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ACT Math\n * ALEKS Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * HESI Math\n * Math Placement Test\n * NES Math\n * PERT Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * VPT Math\n * \\+ more tests\n * K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n * College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n * Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n# Proportions\n\nRatiosProportionalitySolvingWord ProblemsSimilar FiguresSun's Rays / Parts\n\n## Purplemath\n\nA ratio is one thing or value compared with or related to another thing or\nvalue; it is just a statement or an expression, and can only perhaps be\nsimplified or reduced.\n\nOn the other hand, a proportion is two ratios which have been set equal to\neach other; a proportion is an equation that can be solved.\n\nWhen I say that a proportion is two ratios that are equal to each other, I\nmean this in the sense of two fractions being equal to each other. For\ninstance, equals .\n\nContent Continues Below\n\n## MathHelp.com\n\nSolving Proportions\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSolving a proportion means that we have been given an equation containing two\nfractions which have been set equal to each other, and we are missing one part\nof one of the fractions; we then need to solve for that one missing value. For\ninstance, suppose we are given the following equation:\n\nWe already know, by just looking at this equation and comparing the two\nfractions, that x must be equal to 5, but let's suppose for the moment that we\nhadn't noticed this. We can solve the given equation by multiplying through on\nboth sides by 10 (or, if one prefers, ) to clear the denominators:\n\nVerifying what we already knew, we get a solution of x = 5.\n\nAffiliate\n\nOften times, students are asked to solve proportions before they've learned\nhow to solve rational equations, which can be a bit of a problem. If one\nhasn't yet learned about rational expressions (that is, polynomial fractions),\nthen it will be necessary to \"get by\" with \"cross-multiplication\".\n\nTo cross-multiply, we start with an equation in which two fractions are set\nequal to each other. Then we take each denominator and move it aCROSS the\n\"equals\" sign and then MULTIPLY it against the other fraction's numerator. The\ncross-multiplication solution of the above exercise looks like this:\n\nThen we would solve the resulting linear equation by dividing through by 2 to\nagain arrive at x = 5.\n\nNote the process in the above. We multiplied the left-hand side's denominator\nby the right-hand side's numerator, and then divided by the right-hand side's\ndenominator. You may see this process explicitly applied for the solving of\nproportions. The method of solution would then by to cross-multiply the\nnumbers (that is, in the direction that does not involve the variable), and\nthen divide by the remaining number. In very informal notation, the process\nlooks like this:\n\nThe green arrow pointing northeast (that is, from bottom left to upper right)\nindicates the multiplication step; the purple looping arrow that ends up\npointing at the variable indicates the division step.\n\nContent Continues Below\n\n * #### Solve the proportion:\n\nThe variable in this proportion is in the denominator of the right-hand side's\nfraction, but that's okay. I can still cross-multiply and solve.\n\nThe solution of the proportion is the value of the variable, so my answer is:\n\ny = 39\n\nIf I'd done the shorthand method (shown with the green and purple arrows\nabove), the computations would have been:\n\n(13 × 18) ÷ 6 = 39 = y\n\nIt's harder to \"show your work\" using the shorthand method, but the shorthand\nmethod is easier to plug into your calculator. Use whatever method works well\nfor you.\n\n * #### Solve the proportion:\n\nI'll cross-multiply, and then divide:\n\nHm... Can proportions have fractional solutions? Yes, definitely; they can! I\nmustn't let the only-whole-number exercises and examples mislead me into\nthinking that proportions must always have whole-number answers. They don't.\nMy fractional answer is perfectly fine.\n\nAffiliate\n\nProportions wouldn't be of much use if you only used them for reducing\nfractions. A more typical use would be something like the following:\n\n * #### The ratio of waterfowl in a given park is 16 ducks to 9 geese. Suppose that there are 192 ducks in total. How many geese are there in total?\n\nThey've asked me to solve for an unknown value, so I'll need an equation with\na variable. They've given me a ratio, so my equation will be a proportion.\n\nI'll let \"G\" stand for the unknown number of geese. I'll clearly label the\norientation of my ratios (so I don't confuse which number stands for what),\nand then I'll set up my proportional equation:\n\nI'll cross-multiply to solve for the value of G:\n\n16G = 1728\n\nG = 108\n\nI labelled things clearly at the beginning, so I know that \"G\" stands for \"the\nnumber of geese in the park\". So my answer is:\n\n108 geese\n\n\"Cross-multiplying\" is standard classroom language, in that it is very\ncommonly used by students and instructors, but it is not technically a\nmathematical term. You might not see \"cross-multiplication\" mentioned in your\ntextbook, but you will almost certainly hear it in your class or study group.\n\nAffiliate\n\nWyzAnt Tutoring\n\nNotice how, when I was setting up my equation at the beginning of my solution\nabove, I prefaced my proportion by writing out my ratio in words; namely:\n\nThis is not standard notation (in the sense of your textbook being likely to\nuse it), but it can be very helpful for setting up proportions. By clearly\nlabelling which values are represented by the numerators and denominators,\nrespectively, you will help yourself keep track of what each number stands\nfor; you won't mix up which number or unit goes where.\n\nIn other words, using this method will help you set up your proportions\ncorrectly. If you do not set up the ratios consistently (for instance, if, in\nthe above example, I'd mixed up where the values for the \"ducks\" and the\n\"geese\" were supposed to go in the various fractions), I'd have gotten an\nincorrect answer. Clarity in your set-up is crucially important when working\nwith proportions. We will return to this subject later.\n\nURL: https://www.purplemath.com/modules/ratio2.htm\n\nPage 1Page 3Page 4Page 5Page 6Page 7\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n#### Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ACT Math\n * ALEKS Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * HESI Math\n * Math Placement Test\n * NES Math\n * PERT Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * VPT Math\n * \\+ more tests\n\n#### K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n#### College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n\n#### Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n### Share This Page\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n * About Purplemath\n * About the Author\n * Tutoring from PM\n\n * Advertising\n * Linking to PM\n * Site licencing\n\n### Visit Our Profiles\n\n© 2021 Purplemath, Inc. All right reserved. Web Design by\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://virtualnerd.com/geometry/similarity/ratios-proportions/proportion-cross-multiply-example",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507212656/https://virtualnerd.com/geometry/similarity/ratios-proportions/proportion-cross-multiply-example",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Do You Solve a Proportion Using Cross Products?",
"passages": [
"Want to solve a percent proportion? Just use the means extremes property of proportions to cross multiply! Solve for the variable, and you have your answer! Learn how with this tutorial.",
"The means-extremes property of proportions allows you to cross multiply, taking the product of the means and setting them equal to the product of the extremes. This property comes in handy when you're trying to solve a proportion. Watch this tutorial to learn more!",
"You can't do algebra without working with variables, but variables can be confusing. If you've ever wondered what variables are, then this tutorial is for you!",
"A proportion is just an equation where two ratios are equal, and each piece of the proportion has a special name. This tutorial will teach you those names, and this will help you understand cross multiplication when you learn it later!",
"* #### How Do You Solve a Word Problem Using a Proportion?\nThis tutorial provides a great real world application of math. You'll see how to use the scale from a blueprint of a house to help find the actual height of the house. This tutorial shows you how to use a proportion to solve!",
"Sometimes the hardest part of a word problem is figuring out how to turn the words into an equation you can solve. This tutorial let's you see the steps to take in order to do just that! Take a look! You'll be glad you did!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How Do You Solve a Proportion Using Cross Products? | Virtual Nerd\n\nReal math help.\n\n# How Do You Solve a Proportion Using Cross Products?\n\n# How Do You Solve a Proportion Using Cross Products?\n\n### Note:\n\nWant to solve a percent proportion? Just use the means extremes property of\nproportions to cross multiply! Solve for the variable, and you have your\nanswer! Learn how with this tutorial.\n\n### Keywords:\n\n * problem\n * percent\n * percent proportion\n * cross multiply\n * means extremes\n * solve\n * fraction\n\n### Background Tutorials\n\n * #### Ratios and Proportions\n\n * #### What's the Means-Extremes Property of Proportions?\n\nThe means-extremes property of proportions allows you to cross multiply,\ntaking the product of the means and setting them equal to the product of the\nextremes. This property comes in handy when you're trying to solve a\nproportion. Watch this tutorial to learn more!\n\n * #### Evaluating Expressions\n\n * #### What is a Variable?\n\nYou can't do algebra without working with variables, but variables can be\nconfusing. If you've ever wondered what variables are, then this tutorial is\nfor you!\n\n * #### Solving Equations by Dividing\n\n * #### How Do You Solve an Equation Using Division?\n\nSolving an equation for a variable? Perform the order of operations in\nreverse! Check it out in this tutorial.\n\n### Further Exploration\n\n * #### Ratios and Proportions\n\n * #### What are the Means and Extremes of Proportions?\n\nA proportion is just an equation where two ratios are equal, and each piece of\nthe proportion has a special name. This tutorial will teach you those names,\nand this will help you understand cross multiplication when you learn it\nlater!\n\n * #### How Do You Solve a Word Problem Using a Proportion?\n\nThis tutorial provides a great real world application of math. You'll see how\nto use the scale from a blueprint of a house to help find the actual height of\nthe house. This tutorial shows you how to use a proportion to solve!\n\n * #### Using the Percent Proportion\n\n * #### How Do You Set Up a Percent Proportion from a Word Problem?\n\nSometimes the hardest part of a word problem is figuring out how to turn the\nwords into an equation you can solve. This tutorial let's you see the steps to\ntake in order to do just that! Take a look! You'll be glad you did!\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/cross-multiply.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211221165931/https://www.mathsisfun.com/algebra/cross-multiply.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Cross Multiply",
"passages": [
"Step 2: Multiply the top and bottom of the second fraction by the bottom number that the first fraction had.",
"Step 3: We can get rid of the 12 × 3 (as we are dividing both sides by the same amount) and the equation is still true:",
"I said \"top\" and \"bottom\" of the fractions ... but the correct words are numerator and denominator, OK? (I just wanted to keep it simple.)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cross Multiply\n\nShow Ads\n\nHide Ads About Ads\n\n# Cross Multiply\n\nTo cross multiply is to go\n\nfrom this:\n\n8 12 = 2 3\n\nto this:\n\n8 × 3 = 12 × 2\n\n## How Does it Work?\n\nMultiplying the top and bottom of a fraction by the same amount doesn't change\nits value.\n\nStep 1: Multiply the top and bottom of the first fraction by the bottom number\nof the second fraction.\n\n8 × 3 12 × 3 = 2 3\n\nStep 2: Multiply the top and bottom of the second fraction by the bottom\nnumber that the first fraction had.\n\n8 × 3 12 × 3 = 2 × 12 3 × 12\n\nAnd Magic! The bottom of both fractions is now 12 × 3\n\nStep 3: We can get rid of the 12 × 3 (as we are dividing both sides by the\nsame amount) and the equation is still true:\n\n8 × 3 = 12 × 2\n\nJob Done!\n\nIn practice, though, it is easier to skip the steps and go straight to the\n\"cross-multiplied\" form.\n\n## Using Variables\n\nThe general case, using variables instead of numbers, is:\n\nTo cross multiply is to go from this: a b = c d\n\nTo this:ad = bc\n\nTo remember think cross (x) multiply:\n\nCross multiplication can help speed up a solution. Like in this example:\n\n### Example: Find \"x\" in x 8 = 2 x\n\nStart with: x 8 = 2 x\n\nCross multiply:x^2 = 8 × 2\n\nCalculate:x^2 = 16\n\nAnd solve:x = 4 or −4\n\nCheck: Does 4 8 = 2 4 and −4 8 = 2 −4 ?\n\n## Terminology\n\nI said \"top\" and \"bottom\" of the fractions ... but the correct words are\nnumerator and denominator, OK? (I just wanted to keep it simple.)\n\n## Caution: Zero\n\nBe careful, though!\n\nWe cannot use it when a denominator (\"b\" and \"d\" above) is zero, as dividing\nby zero is \"illegal\".\n\nAlgebra Index Fractions Index Mean Proportional\n\nCopyright © 2017 MathsIsFun.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.decodedscience.org/cross-multiply-to-solve-equations-with-fractions/25496/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200808230011/https://www.decodedscience.org/cross-multiply-to-solve-equations-with-fractions/25496/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Cross Multiply to Solve Equations with Fractions",
"passages": [
"Fractions aren’t as hard as you think. If you want to learn how to solve equations with fractions by cross-multiplying, such as solving “x/7 = 2/3” and “7/3 = 2/x” for x, you’re in the right place.",
"The goal in solving an equation for x is to finish with a statement in which x equals something that does not include an x.",
"The golden rule for solving equations is to apply the same operation to both sides of the equation. This may involve adding, subtracting or multiplying both sides by the same amount.",
"For example, if x/37 = 5, you can multiply both sides by 37. Since x divided by 37 times 37 just equals x, then x = 5*37, which = 185.",
"Note that you only cross multiplied the 7 in the denominator. If you had started with 23*x/7 = 2/3, you would have cross multiplied both sides by 7/23 instead of just 7. This would leave only x on the left side.",
"In a second example, “7/3 = 2/x”, the mixed fraction is already converted from 2 1/3 to 7/3. It’s much easier to solve fraction equations that have improper fractions than equations with mixed fractions.",
"Notice that this example has x in the denominator. You should explicitly state the assumption that x is not zero.",
"Next, try solving fractions in the general case where ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’ and ‘d’ are non-zero integers. Again, solve for X starting in either the numerator or denominator.",
"Cancel out “a/b * b/a” on the left side of the equation, and associate the numerator (‘c’ & ‘b’) and denominator (‘d’ & ‘a’) on the right.",
"From the above examples, you’ve seen how to cross multiply fractions: Take the denominator of one fraction and multiply both sides of the equation by that value.",
"One side of the equation is simplified because the denominator is cancelled out, and the other side increases by the same ratio, so the equation remains balanced.",
"Cross multiply both sides by the same values. For example, pick the denominator from one side to be the numerator of the new multiplier on both sides.",
"If you need to simplify the equation one step at a time, do so by repeating step 3 as needed.",
"Remember to take a step-by-step approach as you learn how to solve the equation; with practice, you can take shortcuts to solve fractions equations.",
"You might need more help or practice solving equations with fractions or with cross multiplying. If you’re taking math at school, the first suggestion is to ask your teacher to help you learn how to solve fraction problems. Also, you might find a math tutor online, or through local newspaper ads. Online tutoring in math, or online math fractions worksheet drills, can be cost effective ways to improve your math skills.",
"Fractions aren’t as hard as you think. If you want to learn how to solve equations with fractions by cross-multiplying, such as solving “x/7 = 2/3” and “7/3 = 2/x” for x, you’re in the right place.",
"The goal in solving an equation for x is to finish with a statement in which x equals something that does not include an x.",
"The golden rule for solving equations is to apply the same operation to both sides of the equation. This may involve adding, subtracting or multiplying both sides by the same amount.",
"For example, if x/37 = 5, you can multiply both sides by 37. Since x divided by 37 times 37 just equals x, then x = 5*37, which = 185.",
"Note that you only cross multiplied the 7 in the denominator. If you had started with 23*x/7 = 2/3, you would have cross multiplied both sides by 7/23 instead of just 7. This would leave only x on the left side.",
"In a second example, “7/3 = 2/x”, the mixed fraction is already converted from 2 1/3 to 7/3. It’s much easier to solve fraction equations that have improper fractions than equations with mixed fractions.",
"Notice that this example has x in the denominator. You should explicitly state the assumption that x is not zero.",
"Next, try solving fractions in the general case where ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’ and ‘d’ are non-zero integers. Again, solve for X starting in either the numerator or denominator.",
"Cancel out “a/b * b/a” on the left side of the equation, and associate the numerator (‘c’ & ‘b’) and denominator (‘d’ & ‘a’) on the right.",
"From the above examples, you’ve seen how to cross multiply fractions: Take the denominator of one fraction and multiply both sides of the equation by that value.",
"One side of the equation is simplified because the denominator is cancelled out, and the other side increases by the same ratio, so the equation remains balanced.",
"Cross multiply both sides by the same values. For example, pick the denominator from one side to be the numerator of the new multiplier on both sides.",
"If you need to simplify the equation one step at a time, do so by repeating step 3 as needed.",
"Remember to take a step-by-step approach as you learn how to solve the equation; with practice, you can take shortcuts to solve fractions equations.",
"You might need more help or practice solving equations with fractions or with cross multiplying. If you’re taking math at school, the first suggestion is to ask your teacher to help you learn how to solve fraction problems. Also, you might find a math tutor online, or through local newspaper ads. Online tutoring in math, or online math fractions worksheet drills, can be cost effective ways to improve your math skills.",
"Mike DeHaan applies his Bachelor of Math in Computer Sciences degree, years of Cobol programming and quality assurance (including testing credit card interest calculations) to research and present mathematical theory for the layman.",
"Here in Decoded Science, Mike’s main focus is mathematics. He covers basic mathematical theory, uncovers paradoxes, applies calculations to popular movies, and reports on math news. Mike began writing professionally in 2010 as the sole proprietor of DeHaan Services."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cross Multiply to Solve Equations with Fractions - Decoded Science\n\nSkip to content\n\n# Cross Multiply to Solve Equations with Fractions\n\nBy DecodingScience Staff\n\nHome / Cross Multiply to Solve Equations with Fractions\n\nNovember 12, 2019\n\nLast Updated on November 12, 2019\n\nEquations with fractions: Image by Decoded Science\n\nFractions aren’t as hard as you think. If you want to learn how to solve\nequations with fractions by cross-multiplying, such as solving “x/7 = 2/3” and\n“7/3 = 2/x” for x, you’re in the right place.\n\nTable of Contents\n\n## Solving Equations: The Golden Rule\n\nThe goal in solving an equation for x is to finish with a statement in which x\nequals something that does not include an x.\n\nThe golden rule for solving equations is to apply the same operation to both\nsides of the equation. This may involve adding, subtracting or multiplying\nboth sides by the same amount.\n\nFor example, if x/37 = 5, you can multiply both sides by 37. Since x divided\nby 37 times 37 just equals x, then x = 5*37, which = 185.\n\n## Solving Equations with Sample Fractions\n\nHere is a sample equation, and a step-by-step process for solving it:\n\n> Sample equation: x/7 = 2/3\n>\n> Step One: Multiply both sides by 7.\n>\n> x/7 * 7 = 2/3 * 7\n>\n> Multiply 2 and 7 to get 14.\n>\n> x /7 * 7 = 14/3\n>\n> Cancel out /7 * 7 to leave x, and convert to solve for x.\n>\n> x = 14/3 = 4 2/3\n\nYou multiply both sides by 7 to eliminate the denominator on the left side of\nthe equation. The 7s cancel out on the left. Then you solve the equation for\nx. As a final step, you convert the improper fraction 14/3 to the mixed\nfraction 4 and 2/3.\n\nNote that you only cross multiplied the 7 in the denominator. If you had\nstarted with 23*x/7 = 2/3, you would have cross multiplied both sides by 7/23\ninstead of just 7. This would leave only x on the left side.\n\n## Mixed Fractions: Another Example\n\nSpecific Cross Multiplication Example : Image by Mike DeHaan\n\nIn a second example, “7/3 = 2/x”, the mixed fraction is already converted from\n2 1/3 to 7/3. It’s much easier to solve fraction equations that have improper\nfractions than equations with mixed fractions.\n\nNotice that this example has x in the denominator. You should explicitly state\nthe assumption that x is not zero.\n\nSample equation: 7/3 = 2/x\n\nMultiply both sides by x so that x will be in the numerator.\n\n> 7/3 * x = 2/x * x\n>\n> Cancel out the /x * x.\n>\n> 7*x/3 = 2\n>\n> Multiply both sides by 3/7 to cancel out the 7/3.\n>\n> x * (7/3) * (3/7) = 2 * (3/7)\n>\n> Cancel out 7/3 with 3/7 and multiply to solve for x.\n>\n> x = 2*3/7 = 6/7\n\nIf you cross multiply all in one step, it would be:\n\n> 7/3 = 2/x (7/3) * (3*x/7) = (2/x) * (3*x/7) x = 6/7\n\nIt’s easier to recognize cross multiplication when the numerators and\ndenominators travel across the equals sign to multiply.\n\nSpecific Cross Multiplication Example : image by Mike DeHaan\n\n## Solving General Equations with Fractions\n\nNext, try solving fractions in the general case where ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’ and ‘d’\nare non-zero integers. Again, solve for X starting in either the numerator or\ndenominator.\n\nX/b = c/d\n\nMultiply both sides by b\n\nX/b * b = c/d * b\n\nCancel out the /b * b on the left side, and consolidate the right side of the\nequation.\n\nX = (b*c)/d\n\nThe cross multiplication would be more obvious in a similar case:\n\na*X/b = c/d\n\nMultiply both sides by b/a\n\na*X/b * b/a = c/d * b/a\n\nCancel out “a/b * b/a” on the left side of the equation, and associate the\nnumerator (‘c’ & ‘b’) and denominator (‘d’ & ‘a’) on the right.\n\nX = c*b/d*a\n\nThe next example starts with X in the denominator and solves the most\ncomplicated example, c/d = a/(b*X).\n\nc/d = a/(b*X)\n\nMultiply both sides by X * (d/c).\n\n(c/d) * X * (d/c) = a/(b*X) * X * (d/c)\n\nCancel out “c/d * d/c” on the left and “/X * X” on the right.\n\nX = (a*d)/(b*c)\n\n## A Five Step Summary for Solving Equations with Fractions\n\nSimplest cross multiplication of fractions. Image by Mike DeHaan\n\nFrom the above examples, you’ve seen how to cross multiply fractions: Take the\ndenominator of one fraction and multiply both sides of the equation by that\nvalue.\n\nOne side of the equation is simplified because the denominator is cancelled\nout, and the other side increases by the same ratio, so the equation remains\nbalanced.\n\nThe five key steps for solving equations with fractions are:\n\n 1. If needed, change any mixed fractions to improper fractions. For example, change 2 1/3 to 7/3.\n 2. Identify the simplest method of isolating the unknown x to only one side of the equation.\n 3. Cross multiply both sides by the same values. For example, pick the denominator from one side to be the numerator of the new multiplier on both sides.\n 4. If you need to simplify the equation one step at a time, do so by repeating step 3 as needed.\n 5. If needed, change any remaining improper fractions to mixed fractions.\n\nRemember to take a step-by-step approach as you learn how to solve the\nequation; with practice, you can take shortcuts to solve fractions equations.\n\n## More Help for Cross Multiplying Equations with Fractions\n\nYou might need more help or practice solving equations with fractions or with\ncross multiplying. If you’re taking math at school, the first suggestion is to\nask your teacher to help you learn how to solve fraction problems. Also, you\nmight find a math tutor online, or through local newspaper ads. Online\ntutoring in math, or online math fractions worksheet drills, can be cost\neffective ways to improve your math skills.\n\n## Reference\n\nOnline Math Learning. Cross Multiply. Accessed February 7, 2013.\n\nDecodingScience Staff\n\nDecoding Science. One article at a time.\n\nCategories Uncategorized\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\nHome / Cross Multiply to Solve Equations with Fractions\n\nNovember 5, 2019\n\nLast Updated on November 5, 2019\n\nFractions aren’t as hard as you think. If you want to learn how to solve\nequations with fractions by cross-multiplying, such as solving “x/7 = 2/3” and\n“7/3 = 2/x” for x, you’re in the right place.\n\nTable of Contents\n\n## Solving Equations: The Golden Rule\n\nThe goal in solving an equation for x is to finish with a statement in which x\nequals something that does not include an x.\n\nThe golden rule for solving equations is to apply the same operation to both\nsides of the equation. This may involve adding, subtracting or multiplying\nboth sides by the same amount.\n\nFor example, if x/37 = 5, you can multiply both sides by 37. Since x divided\nby 37 times 37 just equals x, then x = 5*37, which = 185.\n\n## Solving Equations with Sample Fractions\n\nHere is a sample equation, and a step-by-step process for solving it:\n\n> Sample equation: x/7 = 2/3\n>\n> Step One: Multiply both sides by 7.\n>\n> x/7 * 7 = 2/3 * 7\n>\n> Multiply 2 and 7 to get 14.\n>\n> x /7 * 7 = 14/3\n>\n> Cancel out /7 * 7 to leave x, and convert to solve for x.\n>\n> x = 14/3 = 4 2/3\n\nYou multiply both sides by 7 to eliminate the denominator on the left side of\nthe equation. The 7s cancel out on the left. Then you solve the equation for\nx. As a final step, you convert the improper fraction 14/3 to the mixed\nfraction 4 and 2/3.\n\nNote that you only cross multiplied the 7 in the denominator. If you had\nstarted with 23*x/7 = 2/3, you would have cross multiplied both sides by 7/23\ninstead of just 7. This would leave only x on the left side.\n\n## Mixed Fractions: Another Example\n\nSpecific Cross Multiplication Example : Image by Mike DeHaan\n\nIn a second example, “7/3 = 2/x”, the mixed fraction is already converted from\n2 1/3 to 7/3. It’s much easier to solve fraction equations that have improper\nfractions than equations with mixed fractions.\n\nNotice that this example has x in the denominator. You should explicitly state\nthe assumption that x is not zero.\n\nSample equation: 7/3 = 2/x\n\nMultiply both sides by x so that x will be in the numerator.\n\n> 7/3 * x = 2/x * x\n>\n> Cancel out the /x * x.\n>\n> 7*x/3 = 2\n>\n> Multiply both sides by 3/7 to cancel out the 7/3.\n>\n> x * (7/3) * (3/7) = 2 * (3/7)\n>\n> Cancel out 7/3 with 3/7 and multiply to solve for x.\n>\n> x = 2*3/7 = 6/7\n\nIf you cross multiply all in one step, it would be:\n\n> 7/3 = 2/x (7/3) * (3*x/7) = (2/x) * (3*x/7) x = 6/7\n\nIt’s easier to recognize cross multiplication when the numerators and\ndenominators travel across the equals sign to multiply.\n\nSpecific Cross Multiplication Example : image by Mike DeHaan\n\n## Solving General Equations with Fractions\n\nNext, try solving fractions in the general case where ‘a’, ‘b’, ‘c’ and ‘d’\nare non-zero integers. Again, solve for X starting in either the numerator or\ndenominator.\n\nX/b = c/d\n\nMultiply both sides by b\n\nX/b * b = c/d * b\n\nCancel out the /b * b on the left side, and consolidate the right side of the\nequation.\n\nX = (b*c)/d\n\nThe cross multiplication would be more obvious in a similar case:\n\na*X/b = c/d\n\nMultiply both sides by b/a\n\na*X/b * b/a = c/d * b/a\n\nCancel out “a/b * b/a” on the left side of the equation, and associate the\nnumerator (‘c’ & ‘b’) and denominator (‘d’ & ‘a’) on the right.\n\nX = c*b/d*a\n\nThe next example starts with X in the denominator and solves the most\ncomplicated example, c/d = a/(b*X).\n\nc/d = a/(b*X)\n\nMultiply both sides by X * (d/c).\n\n(c/d) * X * (d/c) = a/(b*X) * X * (d/c)\n\nCancel out “c/d * d/c” on the left and “/X * X” on the right.\n\nX = (a*d)/(b*c)\n\n## A Five Step Summary for Solving Equations with Fractions\n\nSimplest cross multiplication of fractions. Image by Mike DeHaan\n\nFrom the above examples, you’ve seen how to cross multiply fractions: Take the\ndenominator of one fraction and multiply both sides of the equation by that\nvalue.\n\nOne side of the equation is simplified because the denominator is cancelled\nout, and the other side increases by the same ratio, so the equation remains\nbalanced.\n\nThe five key steps for solving equations with fractions are:\n\n 1. If needed, change any mixed fractions to improper fractions. For example, change 2 1/3 to 7/3.\n 2. Identify the simplest method of isolating the unknown x to only one side of the equation.\n 3. Cross multiply both sides by the same values. For example, pick the denominator from one side to be the numerator of the new multiplier on both sides.\n 4. If you need to simplify the equation one step at a time, do so by repeating step 3 as needed.\n 5. If needed, change any remaining improper fractions to mixed fractions.\n\nRemember to take a step-by-step approach as you learn how to solve the\nequation; with practice, you can take shortcuts to solve fractions equations.\n\n## More Help for Cross Multiplying Equations with Fractions\n\nYou might need more help or practice solving equations with fractions or with\ncross multiplying. If you’re taking math at school, the first suggestion is to\nask your teacher to help you learn how to solve fraction problems. Also, you\nmight find a math tutor online, or through local newspaper ads. Online\ntutoring in math, or online math fractions worksheet drills, can be cost\neffective ways to improve your math skills.\n\n## Reference\n\nOnline Math Learning. Cross Multiply. Accessed February 7, 2013.\n\nMike DeHaan\n\nMike DeHaan applies his Bachelor of Math in Computer Sciences degree, years of\nCobol programming and quality assurance (including testing credit card\ninterest calculations) to research and present mathematical theory for the\nlayman.\n\nHere in Decoded Science, Mike’s main focus is mathematics. He covers basic\nmathematical theory, uncovers paradoxes, applies calculations to popular\nmovies, and reports on math news. Mike began writing professionally in 2010 as\nthe sole proprietor of DeHaan Services.\n\nFind Mike on Google+\n\nCategories Mathematics\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * Buy Weed Online Canada\n * Online Dispensary Canada\n * Is There A Hangover Prevention Pill That Actually Works? Expert Opinion\n * Hydrate On Cactus Water For These 7 Benefits\n\n## Contents\n\n2020 AccessOurMedicine.com\n\n"
}
] |
530,965 | How To Practice Radical Honesty | If you want to try out radical honesty, which is the practice of of minimizing the lies you tell in every day life, let people know you’re doing it so they're not shocked or offended. Then, whenever you realize you’ve told a lie, confess to the person, which helps prevent the lie getting out of control in the future. Also, try to be completely honest about your feelings and needs to make things clear for others. For example, you might say something like: “I was a little annoyed that you didn’t respond to our memo earlier. I’d appreciate if you could be quicker in the future.” | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170801041350/http://www.finerminds.com/love-relationships/tell-truth-without-being-jerk",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804045205/https://richmondcounseling.org/advice/how-to-practice-radical-honesty-4-therapy-tips/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305170250/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/kaitlyn-kochany/relationship-tools_b_4739216.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180118115550/https://www.littlegaybook.com/how-practice-radical-honesty/"
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"original_url": "http://www.finerminds.com/love-relationships/tell-truth-without-being-jerk",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170801041350/http://www.finerminds.com/love-relationships/tell-truth-without-being-jerk",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Radical Honesty: How To Tell The Truth Without Being A Jerk",
"passages": [
"By looking at the problems with radical honesty, we can learn an even better way to tell each other how we feel. Let’s take, for example, this short excerpt from the FAW at the Radical Honesty website.",
"A: If the person’s outstandingly ugly, then that’s an issue I’m certainly going to bring up to talk about right off. I would say “I think you look kind of ugly and this is what I think is ugly. I think that big part wart on the left side of your face is probably something that puts people off and that you don’t have much of a love life, is that true?”. Then we’ll have a conversation about it.",
"But there’s more to the story than this. Let’s look at some of the basics of the Radical Honesty philosophy.",
"Brad Blanton, Radical Honest’s founder, defends actions like this by saying “Probably the most often used rationalization for lying is: I didn’t want to hurt anybody’s feelings. I recommend you hurt people’s feelings and stay with them past the hurt. I also recommend that you offend people. We can all get over having our feelings hurt and we can get over being offended.”.",
"Now here is where we need to make a distinction. Part of our commitment to yoga is to first practice nonviolence.",
"So we must learn the difference between offense and hurt, then distinguish between unintentionally hurting someone’s feelings, and doing actual harm to someone. How can we do that if we’re trying to be honest about everything we think and feel?",
"With NVC process, the goal is to “clearly express and empathically receive” how we are feeling and what we are feeling and what we’re thinking, without blame or criticism.",
"Unlike radical honesty, which is foremost concerned with saying what you think when you think it, nonviolent communication asks us to consider the purpose of our speech.",
"Many of us are tempted to hold back, even to lie, in order to stop from hurting someone else’s feelings. The radically honest might not consider another person’s feelings at all.",
"Let’s consider our earlier hypothetical situation. You are out on a date, meeting someone for the first time, and you just don’t like her/his look. The spark isn’t there.",
"In this case, you might be tempted as in the question above to begin with your value judgment— “This person is ugly.” But we need to dig deeper than this.",
"Ugly isn’t an observation, it’s a judgment. It is the thought you have based on the sensory input. The input is more simple than that: “I am not attracted to you.”",
"We judge pretty much automatically, but NVC requires us to put the brakes on all that mind chatter and tune into the heart.",
"It’s impossible to know how the person judging their date as “ugly” actually feels. Perhaps you are disappointed, because they really enjoy the other’s company. Maybe you are angry because they used a fake picture online. Or you could simply be interested.",
"You can see how simply stating your judgment of someone else is actually less honest, because it externalizes your own feelings onto them.",
"They don’t learn anything about you or about themselves simply by being bombarded with your monkey mind. But open your heart and explain how you feel. Completely different interaction.",
"If you notice that you aren’t attracted to this person, you probably have a need relating to physical attraction. “I really need passion and physical attraction in my relationships.”",
"What do you want to do about it? That’s what this step is all about and this should be based on your feelings.",
"For more Yoga and Meditation inspiration, check out the blog of Zenward, The School of True Yoga. If you’re looking for to start or continue on your yoga journey anytime, anywhere, discover more here.",
"Casey Siemasko, RYT 200, is a writer and marketer living in Costa Rica. She is the Chief Content Marketing Strategist behind Moore Effective Media and the award-winning travel blog A Cruising Couple. When she's not on the road, you'll find Casey practicing yoga and playing with her pups on the beach.",
"We stand for the ideas, companies, and products that unleash the full potential of humanity and move the planet forward."
]
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"parsed_md": "Radical Honesty: How To Tell The Truth Without Being A Jerk - FinerMinds\n\nLove & Relationships\n\n# Radical Honesty: How To Tell The Truth Without Being A Jerk\n\nEstimated reading time: 5 minutes\n\nCasey Siemasko — April 14, 2016\n\n### Radical Honesty has a bit of a bad reputation, probably because the\nfounder of the movement has a bad habit of being a jerk.\n\nBut the movement provides a good foundation for other forms of honesty and\nmindful communication.\n\nBy looking at the problems with radical honesty, we can learn an even better\nway to tell each other how we feel. Let’s take, for example, this short\nexcerpt from the FAW at the Radical Honesty website.\n\n> Q: Suppose you met someone whom you found unattractive. How do you handle\n> that?\n>\n> A: If the person’s outstandingly ugly, then that’s an issue I’m certainly\n> going to bring up to talk about right off. I would say “I think you look\n> kind of ugly and this is what I think is ugly. I think that big part wart on\n> the left side of your face is probably something that puts people off and\n> that you don’t have much of a love life, is that true?”. Then we’ll have a\n> conversation about it.\n\nIf this is the only thing you knew about Radical Honesty, I wouldn’t blame you\nfor thinking it’s maybe the worst idea anyone has ever proposed.\n\nBut there’s more to the story than this. Let’s look at some of the basics of\nthe Radical Honesty philosophy.\n\nBrad Blanton, Radical Honest’s founder, defends actions like this by saying\n“Probably the most often used rationalization for lying is: I didn’t want to\nhurt anybody’s feelings. I recommend you hurt people’s feelings and stay with\nthem past the hurt. I also recommend that you offend people. We can all get\nover having our feelings hurt and we can get over being offended.”.\n\nNow here is where we need to make a distinction. Part of our commitment to\nyoga is to first practice nonviolence.\n\nIf you only practice one of the yamas, it is ahimsa that is recommended. Do\nnot harm trumps all.\n\nSo we must learn the difference between offense and hurt, then distinguish\nbetween unintentionally hurting someone’s feelings, and doing actual harm to\nsomeone. How can we do that if we’re trying to be honest about everything we\nthink and feel?\n\nThe answer comes from Marshall Rosenberg of the Nonviolent Communication (NVC)\nmovement. Call it the kinder, gentler radical honesty.\n\nWith NVC process, the goal is to “clearly express and empathically receive”\nhow we are feeling and what we are feeling and what we’re thinking, without\nblame or criticism.\n\nUnlike radical honesty, which is foremost concerned with saying what you think\nwhen you think it, nonviolent communication asks us to consider the purpose of\nour speech.\n\nMany of us are tempted to hold back, even to lie, in order to stop from\nhurting someone else’s feelings. The radically honest might not consider\nanother person’s feelings at all.\n\nBut there has to be somewhere in between where we can be both honest and kind.\n\nThis is where nonviolent communication comes in.\n\nLet’s consider our earlier hypothetical situation. You are out on a date,\nmeeting someone for the first time, and you just don’t like her/his look. The\nspark isn’t there.\n\nThis is how nonviolent communication asks us to respond, with radical honesty\nand kindness:\n\n## 1\\. Observe\n\nThe first step in expressing something through NVC is to determine what\nobservation is causing you to react.\n\nIn this case, you might be tempted as in the question above to begin with your\nvalue judgment— “This person is ugly.” But we need to dig deeper than this.\n\nUgly isn’t an observation, it’s a judgment. It is the thought you have based\non the sensory input. The input is more simple than that: “I am not attracted\nto you.”\n\n## 2\\. Feel\n\nWe judge pretty much automatically, but NVC requires us to put the brakes on\nall that mind chatter and tune into the heart.\n\nYoga and meditation are the perfect pairing for this kind of mindful\ncommunication!\n\nIt’s impossible to know how the person judging their date as “ugly” actually\nfeels. Perhaps you are disappointed, because they really enjoy the other’s\ncompany. Maybe you are angry because they used a fake picture online. Or you\ncould simply be interested.\n\nYou can see how simply stating your judgment of someone else is actually less\nhonest, because it externalizes your own feelings onto them.\n\nThey don’t learn anything about you or about themselves simply by being\nbombarded with your monkey mind. But open your heart and explain how you feel.\nCompletely different interaction.\n\n## 3\\. Needs\n\nWhat do you need? This generally flows naturally from your observation.\n\nIf you notice that you aren’t attracted to this person, you probably have a\nneed relating to physical attraction. “I really need passion and physical\nattraction in my relationships.”\n\nThis statement needs to be about you and not the other person.\n\nNo statements that begin with, “I need you to...” — this step is about you.\nThe request comes next.\n\n## 4\\. Requests\n\nWhat do you want to do about it? That’s what this step is all about and this\nshould be based on your feelings.\n\nIf you were feeling disappointed because you really like this person, you\nmight request that you pursue a friendship.\n\nFeelings of anger may prompt you to request the person explain their actions.\n\nIf your feelings are indifferent, you may simply request that you end the date\nearly.\n\nRemember the word request. Don’t demand, don’t coerce, don’t expect.\n\nAsk and accept whatever happens next. Tell the truth and do no harm.\n\nWhat is your secret for being more mindful in your communication? Do you\npractice Radical Honesty or Nonviolent Communication?\n\nFor more Yoga and Meditation inspiration, check out the blog of Zenward, The\nSchool of True Yoga. If you’re looking for to start or continue on your yoga\njourney anytime, anywhere, discover more here.\n\nTags: communicationjudgelovenonviolenceradical honestyrelationshipstrue\n\n### Next post Beginner's Pranayama: Use The Breath To Calm Your Mind In 3\nMinutes\n\n### Previous post 5 Myths About Success That Are Killing Your Motivation And\nConfidence\n\n### About the Author Casey Siemasko\n\nCasey Siemasko, RYT 200, is a writer and marketer living in Costa Rica. She is\nthe Chief Content Marketing Strategist behind Moore Effective Media and the\naward-winning travel blog A Cruising Couple. When she's not on the road,\nyou'll find Casey practicing yoga and playing with her pups on the beach.\n\n## Related Posts\n\n### The Deepest Secret – How To Attract Genuine Love And Keep It Flowing\n\nFinerMinds Team, May 28, 2017\n\n### The Top 2 Needs and Wants Of Men And Women\n\nVishen Lakhiani, March 25, 2017\n\n### The Three Levels Of Spiritual Enlightenment\n\nFinerMinds Team, March 14, 2017\n\n### No Comment\n\n### Leave a reply Cancel reply\n\n### Join the conversation\n\n13,729\n\nfollowers\n\n615,662\n\nfans\n\n44,551\n\nsubscribers\n\n### LatestPosts\n\n### 3 Keys to Extraordinary Soulful Relationships\n\nLayne Cutright, July 28, 2017\n\nLove & Relationships\n\n### An Awesomely Easy Way to Cut Back on Negative Thinking\n\nElle Sommer, July 28, 2017\n\nPersonal Growth\n\n### How to Resolve Conflict with 6 Practical Steps\n\nBernadette Logue, July 28, 2017\n\nLove & RelationshipsPersonal Growth\n\n### How Will You Respond When the Winds of Change Blow?\n\nRenee Baribeau, July 26, 2017\n\nConsciousness & Awareness\n\n### The Lies That Hold Us Back (And How to Stop Telling Them)\n\nJamie N. Loken, July 18, 2017\n\nPersonal Growth\n\n© 2014 Mindvalley. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy\n\n↑ Back to top\n\n### About Academy\n\n * Home\n * All Courses\n * Become an affiliate\n\n### About Mindvalley\n\n * Our Vision, Our Team\n * Get Published\n * Join Our Team\n * Blog\n\n### Customer Support\n\n * Track Your Order\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n * Customer Love\n * Login\n\n### Connect With Us\n\nOur Vision. Our Team\n\nWe stand for the ideas, companies, and products that unleash the full\npotential of humanity and move the planet forward.\n\n© 2015 Mindvalley. All rights reserved. Terms of Use | Privacy Policy\n\n↑ Back to top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-06/uoma-urf061002.php",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200619103655/https://www.eurekalert.org/pub_releases/2002-06/uoma-urf061002.php",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "UMass researcher finds most people lie in everyday conversation",
"passages": [
"AMHERST, Mass. - Most people lie in everyday conversation when they are trying to appear likable and competent, according to a study conducted by University of Massachusetts psychologist Robert S. Feldman and published in the most recent Journal of Basic and Applied Social Psychology.",
"The study, published in the journal's June issue, found that 60 percent of people lied at least once during a 10-minute conversation and told an average of two to three lies.",
"\"People tell a considerable number of lies in everyday conversation. It was a very surprising result. We didn't expect lying to be such a common part of daily life,\" Feldman said.",
"The study also found that lies told by men and women differ in content, though not in quantity. Feldman said the results showed that men do not lie more than women or vice versa, but that men and women lie in different ways. \"Women were more likely to lie to make the person they were talking to feel good, while men lied most often to make themselves look better,\" Feldman said.",
"A group of 121 pairs of undergraduate UMass students were recruited to participate in the study. They were told that the purpose of the study was to examine how people interact when they meet someone new. Participants were told they would have a 10-minute conversation with another person. Some participants were told to try to make themselves appear likable. Others were told to appear competent. A third, control group was not directed to present themselves in any particular way.",
"Participants were unaware that the session was being videotaped through a hidden camera. At the end of the session, participants were told they had been videotaped and consent was obtained to use the video-recordings for research.",
"The students were then asked to watch the video of themselves and identify any inaccuracies in what they had said during the conversation. They were encouraged to identify all lies, no matter how big or small.",
"Feldman said the students who participated in the study were surprised at their own results. \"When they were watching themselves on videotape, people found themselves lying much more than they thought they had,\" Feldman said.",
"The lies the students told varied considerably, according to Feldman. Some were relatively minor, such as agreeing with the person with whom they were speaking that they liked someone when they really did not. Others were more extreme, such as falsely claiming to be the star of a rock band.",
"\"It's so easy to lie,\" Feldman said. \"We teach our children that honesty is the best policy, but we also tell them it's polite to pretend they like a birthday gift they've been given. Kids get a very mixed message regarding the practical aspects of lying, and it has an impact on how they behave as adults.\"",
"Feldman is currently studying how often people lie in job interviews, and plans to expand on the research by studying the types of behaviors people exhibit when they are lying. His previous research has included a study that found the most popular students in school sometimes are the best liars.",
"Disclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news releases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of any information through the EurekAlert system.",
"The best parents: Genetically as divergent as possible with similar preferences Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research"
]
},
"parsed_md": "UMass researcher finds most people lie in everyday conversation | EurekAlert!\nScience News\n\nSkip to main content\n\nAdvanced Search\n\n * Home\n * COVID-19\n * News Releases\n\n * * Latest News Releases\n * News By Subject\n\n * Agriculture\n * Archaeology\n * Atmospheric Science\n * Biology\n * Business & Economics\n * Chemistry & Physics\n * Earth Science\n * Education\n * Mathematics\n * Medicine & Health\n * Policy & Ethics\n * Social & Behavioral\n * Space & Planetary\n * Tech & Engineering\n * Business, Innovation & Society\n * Grants, Awards, Books\n * Languages\n\n * Auf Deutsch\n * En Español\n * En Français\n * Em Português\n * 日本語\n * 中文\n * Portals\n\n * Climate Change\n * Cancer Research\n * Marine Science\n * E-mail Newsletter\n * * Latest News Releases\n * Business, Innovation & Society\n * Grants\n * Awards\n * Books\n * E-mail Newsletter\n * RSS Feeds\n\n * Agriculture\n * Archaeology\n * Atmospheric Science\n * Biology\n * Business & Economics\n * Chemistry & Physics\n * Earth Science\n\n * Education\n * Mathematics\n * Medicine & Health\n * Policy & Ethics\n * Social & Behavior\n * Space & Planetary\n * Tech & Engineering\n\n * Auf Deutsch\n * En Español\n * En Français\n * Em Português\n * 日本語\n * 中文\n\n * Multimedia\n\n * * All multimedia\n * Images\n * Video\n * Audio\n * Search multimedia\n * * All Multimedia\n * Search Multimedia\n\nImages\n\nVideo\n\nAudio\n\n * Meetings\n\n * * Meeting Announcements\n * Meetings Calendar\n * #### Featured Newsrooms:\n\n2020 AAAS Annual Meeting 13 - 16 February 2020 Seattle, WA\n\nNeuroscience 2019 Newsroom 19 - 23 October 2019 Chicago, IL\n\n * * Meeting Announcements\n * Meetings Calendar\n\n### Featured Newsrooms\n\n * Portals\n\n * * Hello World\n * Foo Bar\n * Dropdown Menu\n\n * Hello World\n * Foo Bar\n * Another Link\n * The Last Item\n * Climate ChangeThe latest insights into the changing climate\n\nMore\n\nCancer ResearchNew findings in cancer treatment and prevention\n\nMore\n\nMarine ScienceIn-depth investigations on all things marine science\n\nMore\n\n### Science Agencies\n\n * US Department of Energy\n * US National Institutes of Health\n * US National Science Foundation\n\n * About\n\n * * About EurekAlert!\n * For Reporters\n * For PIOs\n * FAQ\n * Subscribe / Sponsor\n * Contact EurekAlert!\n * News Release Eligibility Guidelines\n * * About EurekAlert!\n * FAQ\n * Subscribe / Sponsor\n * Contact EurekAlert!\n * News Release Eligibility Guidelines\n\n### For Reporters\n\nEurekAlert! provides eligible reporters with free access to embargoed and\nbreaking news releases.\n\nEligibility Guidelines\n\n### For PIOS\n\nEurekAlert! offers eligible public information officers paid access to a\nreliable news release distribution service.\n\nEligibility Guidelines\n\nEurekAlert! is a service of the American Association for the Advancement of\nScience.\n\n * Login\n * Register\n\nPublic Release: 10-Jun-2002\n\n# UMass researcher finds most people lie in everyday conversation\n\nStudy shows differences in types of lies told by men and women\n\nUniversity of Massachusetts at Amherst\n\nShare\n\nPrint E-Mail\n\nAMHERST, Mass. - Most people lie in everyday conversation when they are trying\nto appear likable and competent, according to a study conducted by University\nof Massachusetts psychologist Robert S. Feldman and published in the most\nrecent Journal of Basic and Applied Social Psychology.\n\nThe study, published in the journal's June issue, found that 60 percent of\npeople lied at least once during a 10-minute conversation and told an average\nof two to three lies.\n\n\"People tell a considerable number of lies in everyday conversation. It was a\nvery surprising result. We didn't expect lying to be such a common part of\ndaily life,\" Feldman said.\n\nThe study also found that lies told by men and women differ in content, though\nnot in quantity. Feldman said the results showed that men do not lie more than\nwomen or vice versa, but that men and women lie in different ways. \"Women were\nmore likely to lie to make the person they were talking to feel good, while\nmen lied most often to make themselves look better,\" Feldman said.\n\nA group of 121 pairs of undergraduate UMass students were recruited to\nparticipate in the study. They were told that the purpose of the study was to\nexamine how people interact when they meet someone new. Participants were told\nthey would have a 10-minute conversation with another person. Some\nparticipants were told to try to make themselves appear likable. Others were\ntold to appear competent. A third, control group was not directed to present\nthemselves in any particular way.\n\nParticipants were unaware that the session was being videotaped through a\nhidden camera. At the end of the session, participants were told they had been\nvideotaped and consent was obtained to use the video-recordings for research.\n\nThe students were then asked to watch the video of themselves and identify any\ninaccuracies in what they had said during the conversation. They were\nencouraged to identify all lies, no matter how big or small.\n\nFeldman said the students who participated in the study were surprised at\ntheir own results. \"When they were watching themselves on videotape, people\nfound themselves lying much more than they thought they had,\" Feldman said.\n\nThe lies the students told varied considerably, according to Feldman. Some\nwere relatively minor, such as agreeing with the person with whom they were\nspeaking that they liked someone when they really did not. Others were more\nextreme, such as falsely claiming to be the star of a rock band.\n\n\"It's so easy to lie,\" Feldman said. \"We teach our children that honesty is\nthe best policy, but we also tell them it's polite to pretend they like a\nbirthday gift they've been given. Kids get a very mixed message regarding the\npractical aspects of lying, and it has an impact on how they behave as\nadults.\"\n\n###\n\nFeldman is currently studying how often people lie in job interviews, and\nplans to expand on the research by studying the types of behaviors people\nexhibit when they are lying. His previous research has included a study that\nfound the most popular students in school sometimes are the best liars.\n\nRobert Feldman can be reached at 413/545-0130 or 413/253-9114.\n\nDisclaimer: AAAS and EurekAlert! are not responsible for the accuracy of news\nreleases posted to EurekAlert! by contributing institutions or for the use of\nany information through the EurekAlert system.\n\nShare\n\nPrint E-Mail\n\nMedia Contact\n\nNicole LeTourneau nletourneau@admin.umass.edu 413-545-0444\n\n@umassscience\n\nhttp://www.umass.edu\n\n### More on this News Release\n\n### UMass researcher finds most people lie in everyday conversation\n\nUniversity of Massachusetts at Amherst\n\nJournal\n\n Journal of Basic and Applied Social Psychology\n\n#### Keywords\n\n### Latest News Releases\n\n * MMR vaccine could protect against the worst symptoms of COVID-19 AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MICROBIOLOGY\n * Renewed hope for treatment of pain and depression LUXEMBOURG INSTITUTE OF HEALTH\n * Study finds 'dark matter' DNA is vital for rice reproduction OKINAWA INSTITUTE OF SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY (OIST) GRADUATE UNIVERSITY\n * The rate we acquire genetic mutations could help predict lifespan, fertility UNIVERSITY OF UTAH HEALTH\n\nView all latest news releases\n\n### Trending News Releases\n\n * World's most complete health analysis of nesting sea turtles conducted in Florida Florida Atlantic University\n * The best parents: Genetically as divergent as possible with similar preferences Leibniz Institute of Plant Genetics and Crop Plant Research\n * Why pulsars shine bright: A half-century-old mystery solved Simons Foundation\n * Oregon timber harvests don't appear to affect rare salamander, study finds Oregon State University\n\nView all latest news releases\n\nCopyright © 2020 by the American Association for the Advancement of Science\n(AAAS)\n\n * Latest News Releases RSS Feed\n * All EurekAlert! 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},
{
"original_url": "https://richmondcounseling.org/advice/how-to-practice-radical-honesty-4-therapy-tips/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200804045205/https://richmondcounseling.org/advice/how-to-practice-radical-honesty-4-therapy-tips/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Practice Radical Honesty: 4 Therapy Tips",
"passages": [
"Let’s be honest here, we all tell lies, some more than others. But, did you know that the more you lie the more you have to lie? And those lies turn into even more lies! Usually when someone lies, they have to back up that lie with another lie to make it seem as if it was the truth. However, you can never turn a lie into a truth. I know the whole concept is confusing because I said the word “lie” a thousand times (that itself is a lie because so far I’ve only said “lie” 11 times, see what I did there?) The point I’m trying to make here is lying gets you nowhere, because in the end, we all have to come clean. Sometimes we lie without even realizing it and sometimes we are just too scared to tell the truth. There is an interesting concept called “Radical Honesty” that states that if people stopped telling lies, life would be better for everyone. Lying is a bad habit in general, so if you want to quit this habit and live a salubrious life, then follow these tips (by Richmond Therapy non-clinical staff writer).",
"Statistics show that 12% of adults admit to telling lies often, 80% of women admit to occasionally lying, 13 percent of patients admit to lying to their doctor, and 30% of people lied about their diet and exercise routines. These may seem like small percentages, but you have to realize that a small percentage of millions of people is a big number. With that in mind, pay attention to the statistics regarding lying to doctors and lying about exercise and diet. Although a lie may start off as something small, it could progress into something more serious. The people that lied to their doctors and about their diet and exercise are putting their own health at risk. With this in mind, we see that harmful lies evolve from harmless lies.",
"For those of you who are parents, to give your children better lives, teach them about the true value of honesty. Children’s brains are still developing so whatever you teach them at a young age will stay with them forever. For instance, if a parent spoils their kids, they grow up spoiled, simple as that. All kids lie, so it’s important to set a few guidelines or rules that will keep the kid from lying. For instance, if a kid tells a lie, take away their toys, put them in time out, give them a slight spanking, do whatever you can to keep them from lying. Remember, it’s for their own good.",
"Whenever you catch yourself lying, immediately confess to whomever you are lying to. The more you do this, the more likely you are to stop lying, since you will grow sick of confessing. Whenever you confess, be very honest and open about it. Sometimes, what gets us to lie is the fear of offending others. If no offense exists, then no lie exists. So if you ever catch yourself lying, immediately confess and tell the truth without hurting the other person’s feelings; the other person will respect you more for that.",
"There is a difference between telling the truth and abruptly being honest. If someone asks you how their shirt looks and you think it looks bad, make sure to let them know nicely. Instead of saying, “It looks bad on you,” say, “It’s not your style.” Remember, let them know nicely. Now let’s take the same situation, but instead, let’s say the person never asked you how their shirt looked. If this is the case, then don’t just abruptly tell them it looks bad. If someone doesn’t ask for your opinion about something, let them be. If you feel like being honest to someone would hurt their feelings, be as gentle as possible when telling the truth.",
"For some, Radical Honesty may be key to living a better life. It doesn’t take money to be radically honest; all it takes is a lot of commitment to the truth. Of course, you can’t avoid lying forever, but the more you learn to control yourself, the less you will lie in the long run.",
"If you are someone who tends to lie a lot, just remember, learn the consequences of lying (lying only gets you into more trouble), try to avoid lying as early in life as possible (if you have kids, teach them to be honest), if you ever catch yourself lying make sure to confess (the more you confess about lying the less you’ll want to lie), and finally, be kind when being honest (tell the truth, but don’t let it hurt someone personally).",
"Life Coaching at Thriveworks Richmond In our culture of achievers and dreamers, we hear a lot about Life Coaching. In fact, many of the most successful people ... Learn More",
"Call Thriveworks Richmond at 804-554-0356 to schedule an appointment today, or to hear more about our services. We look forward to hearing from you."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Practice Radical Honesty: 4 Therapy Tips - Richmond Counseling\n\nRichmond Counseling\n\n# How to Practice Radical Honesty: 4 Therapy Tips\n\n## Don’t Get Tangled in Lies\n\nLet’s be honest here, we all tell lies, some more than others. But, did you\nknow that the more you lie the more you have to lie? And those lies turn into\neven more lies! Usually when someone lies, they have to back up that lie with\nanother lie to make it seem as if it was the truth. However, you can never\nturn a lie into a truth. I know the whole concept is confusing because I said\nthe word “lie” a thousand times (that itself is a lie because so far I’ve only\nsaid “lie” 11 times, see what I did there?) The point I’m trying to make here\nis lying gets you nowhere, because in the end, we all have to come clean.\nSometimes we lie without even realizing it and sometimes we are just too\nscared to tell the truth. There is an interesting concept called “Radical\nHonesty” that states that if people stopped telling lies, life would be better\nfor everyone. Lying is a bad habit in general, so if you want to quit this\nhabit and live a salubrious life, then follow these tips (by Richmond Therapy\nnon-clinical staff writer).\n\n### 1) Learn the consequences of lying\n\nStatistics show that 12% of adults admit to telling lies often, 80% of women\nadmit to occasionally lying, 13 percent of patients admit to lying to their\ndoctor, and 30% of people lied about their diet and exercise routines. These\nmay seem like small percentages, but you have to realize that a small\npercentage of millions of people is a big number. With that in mind, pay\nattention to the statistics regarding lying to doctors and lying about\nexercise and diet. Although a lie may start off as something small, it could\nprogress into something more serious. The people that lied to their doctors\nand about their diet and exercise are putting their own health at risk. With\nthis in mind, we see that harmful lies evolve from harmless lies.\n\n### 2) Quit early, before it’s too late\n\nFor those of you who are parents, to give your children better lives, teach\nthem about the true value of honesty. Children’s brains are still developing\nso whatever you teach them at a young age will stay with them forever. For\ninstance, if a parent spoils their kids, they grow up spoiled, simple as that.\nAll kids lie, so it’s important to set a few guidelines or rules that will\nkeep the kid from lying. For instance, if a kid tells a lie, take away their\ntoys, put them in time out, give them a slight spanking, do whatever you can\nto keep them from lying. Remember, it’s for their own good.\n\n### 3) The Double C’s (Catch and Confess)\n\nWhenever you catch yourself lying, immediately confess to whomever you are\nlying to. The more you do this, the more likely you are to stop lying, since\nyou will grow sick of confessing. Whenever you confess, be very honest and\nopen about it. Sometimes, what gets us to lie is the fear of offending others.\nIf no offense exists, then no lie exists. So if you ever catch yourself lying,\nimmediately confess and tell the truth without hurting the other person’s\nfeelings; the other person will respect you more for that.\n\n### 4) Be kind when being honest\n\nThere is a difference between telling the truth and abruptly being honest. If\nsomeone asks you how their shirt looks and you think it looks bad, make sure\nto let them know nicely. Instead of saying, “It looks bad on you,” say, “It’s\nnot your style.” Remember, let them know nicely. Now let’s take the same\nsituation, but instead, let’s say the person never asked you how their shirt\nlooked. If this is the case, then don’t just abruptly tell them it looks bad.\nIf someone doesn’t ask for your opinion about something, let them be. If you\nfeel like being honest to someone would hurt their feelings, be as gentle as\npossible when telling the truth.\n\nFor some, Radical Honesty may be key to living a better life. It doesn’t take\nmoney to be radically honest; all it takes is a lot of commitment to the\ntruth. Of course, you can’t avoid lying forever, but the more you learn to\ncontrol yourself, the less you will lie in the long run.\n\nIf you are someone who tends to lie a lot, just remember, learn the\nconsequences of lying (lying only gets you into more trouble), try to avoid\nlying as early in life as possible (if you have kids, teach them to be\nhonest), if you ever catch yourself lying make sure to confess (the more you\nconfess about lying the less you’ll want to lie), and finally, be kind when\nbeing honest (tell the truth, but don’t let it hurt someone personally).\n\nAlways always always remember, the less you lie, the happier you’ll be.\n\n##### Believe me, I’m not lying.\n\n#### Richmond Life Coaching\n\nLife Coaching at Thriveworks Richmond In our culture of achievers and\ndreamers, we hear a lot about Life Coaching. In fact, many of the most\nsuccessful people ... Learn More\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Thomas says\n\nAugust 25, 2017 at 1:43 pm\n\nGreat post! Have nice day ! 🙂 rpe0z\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Our Beautiful Offices\n\nHere are several photos of our beautiful, relaxing office space at Thriveworks\nRichmond. Enjoy! ... See More\n\n#### Address\n\nThriveworks Richmond Counseling and Life Coaching\n\n5310 Markel Rd. Suite #102 Richmond, VA 23230\n\n(804) 554-0356 Privacy Policy\n\n#### Search Richmond Counseling\n\nCall Thriveworks Richmond at 804-554-0356 to schedule an appointment today, or\nto hear more about our services. We look forward to hearing from you.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/kaitlyn-kochany/relationship-tools_b_4739216.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305170250/https://www.huffingtonpost.ca/kaitlyn-kochany/relationship-tools_b_4739216.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Relationship Trouble? Try 'Radical Honesty' and These Other Tools",
"passages": [
"Being a good partner sometimes means renegotiating communication strategies so that the question \"What's wrong?\" isn't perpetually sloughed off. It sometimes means breathing through a bad few months and saying, \"I accept this, I can do this, I don't have to fight it,\" even as you keep fighting for the relationship itself.",
"This post was published on the now-closed HuffPost Contributor platform. Contributors control their own work and posted freely to our site. If you need to flag this entry as abusive, send us an email.",
"I was recently chatting with a friend, and he mentioned that he was hitting a wall in his relationship. It's long-distance (she's overseas in Tokyo), and, so far, most of it has been conducted online. They have Gchats and Skype dates, and have met a handful of times over the past few months when she's been home, but they haven't really landed into a comfortable rhythm yet. He knows something is wrong, but he's loath to put his finger on it directly: maybe time will heal these problems, or maybe better communication. Maybe they just need to be in the same place for a while.",
"Over the past few years, I've become a big proponent of radical honesty, radical acceptance, and of self-care. Radical honesty is the practice of actually telling people what you think -- not couching in terms of what will make them feel better, or holding back because you know your opinion will hurt their feelings. When someone asks, \"Hey, what's wrong?\" instead of responding with, \"Oh, nothing,\" a person practicing radical honesty might instead reply with, \"I'm feeling really down because you came home later than you told me you were going to.\" Or, \"I'm really angry because you've been vague with me.\" Cue discussion.",
"This can be incredibly tough to initiative, because we're usually not socialized to be so honest. We're taught that honesty is good up to a certain point -- the point at which it hurts someone else's feelings -- and then we need to stand down (I'll observe that women seem to do this more often, but it is by no means solely a female practice or problem.) Saying to someone, \"Hey, the way you're behaving is shitty\" is terrifying. What if I drive them away? What if it exposes some other, underlying problem? What if it's a problem that can't be fixed? What if...and then we're all mired in the emotional tar pits, braying, \"Nooooothing\" when someone on the shore asks us what's wrong. This is not generally recognized as a super-effective strategy for change.",
"It also means being radically honest with ourselves: facing uncomfortable truths we've been shying away from because they're too painful to look at directly. It means admitting that our relationships aren't giving us what we need; it means knowing our friendships have ended; it means recognizing that I am acting badly and need to apologize. This stuff is sucky, because knowing that, at some point in the future, you're going to have to break up with someone/quit/apologize/whatever uncomfortable action needs to be taken is the pendulum in your own individual pit.",
"Radical acceptance is a little different; it's usually a self-directed practice that says, \"I'm going to love myself or my situation regardless of the flaws.\" I was first introduced to the concept in recovery from an eating disorder, and it was mega-disorienting to say to myself, \"I accept my body the way it is.\" I actually felt nauseous the first time I did it; it opposed all the beliefs I had troweled onto myself over the previous decade. Now I do it all the time: I take a deep breath and say, \"I love my relationship,\" knowing full well it's not perfect; I say \"I love my family,\" even though there are moments with everyone that make me furious; I say, \"I love my friends,\" even sometimes I want nothing to do with them. It's a really useful tool for challenging black-and-white thinking. I accept my double chin, I accept my thick arms, and I accept frizzy hair; in doing so, I also accept my flat stomach, my striking eyes, and my shapely legs.",
"Self-care is the final piece of the puzzle. This is the stuff we do to restore ourselves to an even emotional keel: creative projects, bubble baths, coffee with friends. Self-care isn't supposed to push our boundaries and make us work. It's more like taking an iron pill when you're anemic. It's essential to have a good, varied bunch of self-care techniques in your back pocket. I favour exercise, gratitude journals, playing on Pinterest (don't judge me, it's soothing in there), and visiting with my friends. Someone else's might be a round of Horse, a glass of red wine, a bunch of fresh flowers, a hike, or sketching. The end goal is to simply feel better. This is really important if you've been dealing with assholes, or handing out a lot of radical honesty and acceptance lately -- you need to reset. It's taking responsibility for your own soul's well-being, and not passing that onto a partner. It's also living the belief that you are a person worth taking care of.",
"So why am I telling you all this? Because no relationship can survive without honesty, acceptance, and independence. The radical versions are a good place to start, but even regular old honesty can feel radical if you're not used to it.",
"Being a good partner sometimes means renegotiating communication strategies so that the question \"What's wrong?\" isn't perpetually sloughed off. It sometimes means breathing through a bad few months and saying, \"I accept this, I can do this, I don't have to fight it,\" even as you keep fighting for the relationship itself. It might even mean taking time away from someone -- a weekend, a day, even a few moments -- to do some self-care.",
"Sometimes, it means walking away altogether. I've walked away from friendships because even radical honesty and love couldn't get them to see past the end of their own nose; there's nothing to be done in a case like that. When the challenges are too great -- distance in space or emotion; disconnect; different goals or values; different needs or priorities; too much emphasis on one person's needs and none on the other's -- sometimes the best thing to do is to end it. To recognize, with love and honesty, that fixing the relationship means changing the bedrock of who you are and who you want to be, and that price is too high.",
"It is hard, I know. But it's really hard to thrive in the question mark -- is this good? Is this good for me? -- and not have a few tools in the chest to help you."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Relationship Trouble? Try 'Radical Honesty' and These Other Tools | HuffPost\nCanada Life\n\nNewsLatest NewsHousingGood NewsExplainersWorldAfter The CurveAlbertaBritish\nColumbia\n\nCORONAVIRUS\n\nPoliticsJustin TrudeauErin O'TooleJagmeet SinghAnnamie PaulOntario\nPoliticsDoug FordUS Politics'Follow-Up' Podcast\n\nBusinessReal EstateWorkRecallsBasic IncomePrecariously TaxedMoney Hacks\n\nLifeLifestyle NewsHealthRelationshipsHow-ToIdentityStyleFood & DrinkHomeBorn\nand Raised'Navigating'RoyalsGift GuidesThis Could HelpTravel\n\nParentsNews You Can UseSelf-CareHow-ToReal Talk'Life After Birth'Dad\nLifeParents VoicesRoyal Kids\n\nPerspectivesPersonalOpinionHow To Pitch To HuffPostHometownVoices\n\nVideo\n\nPodcasts'Follow-Up''Born & Raised'\n\nFollow Us\n\nTerms | Privacy Policy\n\nPart of HuffPost News. ©2021 BuzzFeed, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nThe Blog\n\n# Relationship Trouble? Try 'Radical Honesty' and These Other Tools\n\nBeing a good partner sometimes means renegotiating communication strategies so\nthat the question \"What's wrong?\" isn't perpetually sloughed off. It sometimes\nmeans breathing through a bad few months and saying, \"I accept this, I can do\nthis, I don't have to fight it,\" even as you keep fighting for the\nrelationship itself.\n\nBy\n\nKaitlyn Kochany, Contributor\n\nWriter\n\n02/07/2014 08:14am EST | Updated April 9, 2014\n\nThis post was published on the now-closed HuffPost Contributor platform.\nContributors control their own work and posted freely to our site. If you need\nto flag this entry as abusive, send us an email.\n\nI was recently chatting with a friend, and he mentioned that he was hitting a\nwall in his relationship. It's long-distance (she's overseas in Tokyo), and,\nso far, most of it has been conducted online. They have Gchats and Skype\ndates, and have met a handful of times over the past few months when she's\nbeen home, but they haven't really landed into a comfortable rhythm yet. He\nknows something is wrong, but he's loath to put his finger on it directly:\nmaybe time will heal these problems, or maybe better communication. Maybe they\njust need to be in the same place for a while.\n\nOr maybe not.\n\nOver the past few years, I've become a big proponent of radical honesty,\nradical acceptance, and of self-care. Radical honesty is the practice of\nactually telling people what you think -- not couching in terms of what will\nmake them feel better, or holding back because you know your opinion will hurt\ntheir feelings. When someone asks, \"Hey, what's wrong?\" instead of responding\nwith, \"Oh, nothing,\" a person practicing radical honesty might instead reply\nwith, \"I'm feeling really down because you came home later than you told me\nyou were going to.\" Or, \"I'm really angry because you've been vague with me.\"\nCue discussion.\n\nThis can be incredibly tough to initiative, because we're usually not\nsocialized to be so honest. We're taught that honesty is good up to a certain\npoint -- the point at which it hurts someone else's feelings -- and then we\nneed to stand down (I'll observe that women seem to do this more often, but it\nis by no means solely a female practice or problem.) Saying to someone, \"Hey,\nthe way you're behaving is shitty\" is terrifying. What if I drive them away?\nWhat if it exposes some other, underlying problem? What if it's a problem that\ncan't be fixed? What if...and then we're all mired in the emotional tar pits,\nbraying, \"Nooooothing\" when someone on the shore asks us what's wrong. This is\nnot generally recognized as a super-effective strategy for change.\n\nIt also means being radically honest with ourselves: facing uncomfortable\ntruths we've been shying away from because they're too painful to look at\ndirectly. It means admitting that our relationships aren't giving us what we\nneed; it means knowing our friendships have ended; it means recognizing that I\nam acting badly and need to apologize. This stuff is sucky, because knowing\nthat, at some point in the future, you're going to have to break up with\nsomeone/quit/apologize/whatever uncomfortable action needs to be taken is the\npendulum in your own individual pit.\n\nRadical acceptance is a little different; it's usually a self-directed\npractice that says, \"I'm going to love myself or my situation regardless of\nthe flaws.\" I was first introduced to the concept in recovery from an eating\ndisorder, and it was mega-disorienting to say to myself, \"I accept my body the\nway it is.\" I actually felt nauseous the first time I did it; it opposed all\nthe beliefs I had troweled onto myself over the previous decade. Now I do it\nall the time: I take a deep breath and say, \"I love my relationship,\" knowing\nfull well it's not perfect; I say \"I love my family,\" even though there are\nmoments with everyone that make me furious; I say, \"I love my friends,\" even\nsometimes I want nothing to do with them. It's a really useful tool for\nchallenging black-and-white thinking. I accept my double chin, I accept my\nthick arms, and I accept frizzy hair; in doing so, I also accept my flat\nstomach, my striking eyes, and my shapely legs.\n\nSelf-care is the final piece of the puzzle. This is the stuff we do to restore\nourselves to an even emotional keel: creative projects, bubble baths, coffee\nwith friends. Self-care isn't supposed to push our boundaries and make us\nwork. It's more like taking an iron pill when you're anemic. It's essential to\nhave a good, varied bunch of self-care techniques in your back pocket. I\nfavour exercise, gratitude journals, playing on Pinterest (don't judge me,\nit's soothing in there), and visiting with my friends. Someone else's might be\na round of Horse, a glass of red wine, a bunch of fresh flowers, a hike, or\nsketching. The end goal is to simply feel better. This is really important if\nyou've been dealing with assholes, or handing out a lot of radical honesty and\nacceptance lately -- you need to reset. It's taking responsibility for your\nown soul's well-being, and not passing that onto a partner. It's also living\nthe belief that you are a person worth taking care of.\n\nSo why am I telling you all this? Because no relationship can survive without\nhonesty, acceptance, and independence. The radical versions are a good place\nto start, but even regular old honesty can feel radical if you're not used to\nit.\n\nBeing a good partner sometimes means renegotiating communication strategies so\nthat the question \"What's wrong?\" isn't perpetually sloughed off. It sometimes\nmeans breathing through a bad few months and saying, \"I accept this, I can do\nthis, I don't have to fight it,\" even as you keep fighting for the\nrelationship itself. It might even mean taking time away from someone -- a\nweekend, a day, even a few moments -- to do some self-care.\n\nSometimes, it means walking away altogether. I've walked away from friendships\nbecause even radical honesty and love couldn't get them to see past the end of\ntheir own nose; there's nothing to be done in a case like that. When the\nchallenges are too great -- distance in space or emotion; disconnect;\ndifferent goals or values; different needs or priorities; too much emphasis on\none person's needs and none on the other's -- sometimes the best thing to do\nis to end it. To recognize, with love and honesty, that fixing the\nrelationship means changing the bedrock of who you are and who you want to be,\nand that price is too high.\n\nIt is hard, I know. But it's really hard to thrive in the question mark -- is\nthis good? Is this good for me? -- and not have a few tools in the chest to\nhelp you.\n\nALSO ON HUFFPOST:\n\nA Thank You Letter To My Ex\n\nMore:\n\nbreaking uplivinglovelove and relationshipsradical acceptance\n\n## Kaitlyn Kochany, Contributor\n\nWriter\n\nFollow us!\n\nMore In Life\n\n## Meghan Markle Alludes To Rigid Royal Restrictions In New Oprah Clip\n\n## How The Pandemic-Stressed Teens I Work With Got Their Sleep Back On Track\n\n## Prince Philip Sent Back To Private Hospital After Heart Procedure\n\n## Investigating Meghan? Keep That Same Energy For Prince Andrew, People Say\n\n## Which Of These 2020 Tax Situations Apply To You\n\nIN PARTNERSHIP WITH H&R; BLOCK\n\nNewsletter Sign Up\n\nNeed a hit of positivity twice a week?\n\nSign up to get the best in wellness, relationships, royals, food and more on\nWednesdays and Sundays.\n\nSuccessfully Subscribed!\n\nRealness delivered to your inbox\n\nTrending\n\n## Walter Gretzky, Father Of 'The Great One,' Dead At 82\n\n## Health Canada Approves Johnson And Johnson COVID-19 Vaccine\n\n## New 'Flat Rate' Makes It Easier To Claim Work-From-Home Expenses At Tax\nTime\n\n## Trudeau Showed No Empathy For Cancer Patient's Story, Pallister Claims\n\n## Ottawa Ready To Agree To Unconditional Health Care Transfers With Provinces\n\nVideos\n\n## These Amazing Quilters Will Inspire You To Take Up A New Pandemic Hobby\n\n## Ontario’s Mandatory Traveller Testing Will Kick In On Monday\n\n## Ontario Teachers, Canadian Cannabis Firm Cash In On Reddit Stock Rebellion\n\n## Sexual Assault Centre Slams Upcoming Event Named After Serial Killer\n\n## Subway’s Tuna Salad Isn’t Tuna, Lawsuit Claims\n\nNewsCORONAVIRUSPoliticsBusinessLifeParentsPerspectives\n\nAdvertise With UsFAQUser Agreement (Updated)Comment PolicyAbout UsPrivacy\nPolicyConsent Preferences\n\nPart of HuffPost News. ©2021 BuzzFeed, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nThe Huffington Post\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.littlegaybook.com/how-practice-radical-honesty/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180118115550/https://www.littlegaybook.com/how-practice-radical-honesty/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Practice Radical Honesty",
"passages": [
"Radical Honesty involves stating your feelings bluntly, directly and in ways typically considered impolite. For example, “I’m disgusted with you for X” where X is a statement of objective observation about the person towards whom the comment is being directed. The idea is to shift from the acceptable norm of “white lying” for the purpose of having a more truthful relationship with themselves and others.",
"According to author Dr. Brad Blanton, “Lying is the major source of all human stress,” and the most profound behavior leading to disconnection in intimate relationships.",
"Dr. Blanton further explains, “Many of us learned as children that being fully alive was bad and you got hurt for it, so we deadened ourselves: partly as a defense against the big people, and partly to spite them. Deadening ourselves was our way of hiding that we were alive in improper ways, and the only thing to do was to keep it a secret.”",
"Give up the attitude that you can control anyone or anything other your own reactions. Give up the illusion that you can think, try or read your way to figuring out how to be honest. You can’t.",
"Gain emotional security. If you had an unpredictable parent as a child and learned to try to change their behavior with your actions, you may have difficulty. To survive in that situation, you tried to control things to feel safe. Radical Honesty may very well make you feel unsafe (and #3 is key to feeling safe).",
"Have a partner who is “in” on it. If you suddenly decide to state your feelings bluntly, directly and without “warning,” you may very well alienate your mate and start a fight! It’s best to talk about it beforehand, decide you’re both going to embark on the journey and then take it one step at a time.",
"Understand what Radical Honest is not: It is not selfish demands, disrespectful judgments or angry outbursts. A selfish demand is telling your mate what to do. A disrespectful judgment is “trying to straighten out” your mate or telling her that she is “wrong.” An angry outburst is cruel and destructive. When you have recovered from your anger, it is safe to tell your mate what was bothering you.",
"Learn how to express your feelings with effective “I Statements.” “I” statements put the focus and responsibility on the communicator. “You” statements, put the receiver of the communication on the defensive.",
"I feel frustrated about you saying no to sex with me because I’m very attracted to you and I want to please you.",
"I feel angry about my coworker revealing my comings and goings to my director because I trusted my coworker to be a team player and I understand team players to always have your back.",
"She doesn’t have to DO anything, she just has to listen. You state how you feel, she listens and then you move on with whatever you were doing. If you expect her to fix your feelings or remove them, then your expectations need realigning (again, no one can make you feel anything. Including happiness.). If the two of you have time, discuss it and see if you come out of the other side of your feeling and/or get to a place of resolve.",
"just want to cry and you can’t talk about it? Well then, that is the time when you NEED to express yourself.",
"That is the moment when you need to pull her aside, in between your tears, and tell you her, “I feel hurt that you don’t want to have sex with me because I understand that as rejection.” See, that’s being honest (and vulnerable). You’ve just expressed how you understand a behavior to mean something, and now, you have something to work with.",
"Well then, that is the time to be honest too. If your mate can’t handle you being real in front of her, that’s something to pay attention to. She’s obviously not in a place of connection with you and while that’s painful in and of itself, it’s the reality. See, you’re getting real.",
"While you don’t need to be perfect, you do need intent (from both parties). If one person isn’t into it, it’s just going to cause stress and that’s exactly the opposite of what you’re trying to do. Perhaps attempt to use the principals, in a way that feels more authentic for the two of you and watch how it works (or doesn’t).",
"If your partner is admittedly having a bad day, it’s probably not a good idea to bluntly state how you’re irritated that she took the driveway parking spot again. Write it down, make a note and bring it up later when she’s not as triggered. The point is that you want to get out of the “habit” of lying, releasing resentments before they build and dealing with issues as they arise.",
"I’d love to hear from folks who have used Radical Honestly: What was your experience? When did you decide to be honest with each other? Did you notice an increased level of intimacy? If you don’t’ feel comfortable leaving a comment, please drop me a line at drfrankie at littlegaybook dot com.",
"Add yourself to Dr. Frankie's matchmaking database for FREE and get a free audio track \"12 Principles to a Successful First Date\".",
"RT @DGComedy: I think Hillary Clinton should narrate the audio book of Fire and Fury. ...after a bottle of Chardonnay. 13 hours ago",
"#Boston Lesbians: Jan 22nd Lesbian/Bi Speed Dating is almost sold out. Only 10 seats left. Jump out of your comfort... https://t.co/Hjef6r4AeI 1 day ago"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Practice Radical Honesty | Little Gay Book\n\nMember login\n\nCreate a profile and get a free audio track \"12 Principles to a Successful\nFirst Date\".\n\nCreate your Free Profile\n\nx\n\n### Subscribe To Our Newsletter\n\nSign up for the monthly Little Gay Book Newsletter and get the latest news on\ndating, relationships and events.\n\nCreate your Free Profile\n\n# How to Practice Radical Honesty\n\nBlog, Healthy Relationships\n\nBy\n\nDr. Frankie\n\nMay 13, 2015\n\n0\n\nRadical Honesty involves stating your feelings bluntly, directly and in ways\ntypically considered impolite. For example, “I’m disgusted with you for X”\nwhere X is a statement of objective observation about the person towards whom\nthe comment is being directed. The idea is to shift from the acceptable norm\nof “white lying” for the purpose of having a more truthful relationship with\nthemselves and others.\n\nAccording to author Dr. Brad Blanton, “Lying is the major source of all human\nstress,” and the most profound behavior leading to disconnection in intimate\nrelationships.\n\nDr. Blanton further explains, “Many of us learned as children that being fully\nalive was bad and you got hurt for it, so we deadened ourselves: partly as a\ndefense against the big people, and partly to spite them. Deadening ourselves\nwas our way of hiding that we were alive in improper ways, and the only thing\nto do was to keep it a secret.”\n\n## But, how to do it?\n\n### To be radically honest, you must :\n\n 1. Give up the attitude that you can control anyone or anything other your own reactions. Give up the illusion that you can think, try or read your way to figuring out how to be honest. You can’t.\n 2. Gain emotional security. If you had an unpredictable parent as a child and learned to try to change their behavior with your actions, you may have difficulty. To survive in that situation, you tried to control things to feel safe. Radical Honesty may very well make you feel unsafe (and #3 is key to feeling safe).\n 3. Have a partner who is “in” on it. If you suddenly decide to state your feelings bluntly, directly and without “warning,” you may very well alienate your mate and start a fight! It’s best to talk about it beforehand, decide you’re both going to embark on the journey and then take it one step at a time.\n 4. Understand what Radical Honest is not: It is not selfish demands, disrespectful judgments or angry outbursts. A selfish demand is telling your mate what to do. A disrespectful judgment is “trying to straighten out” your mate or telling her that she is “wrong.” An angry outburst is cruel and destructive. When you have recovered from your anger, it is safe to tell your mate what was bothering you.\n 5. Learn how to express your feelings with effective “I Statements.” “I” statements put the focus and responsibility on the communicator. “You” statements, put the receiver of the communication on the defensive.\n\n## How to Construct an “I Statement:”\n\n### Use this “I Statement Template” when wanting to express yourself:\n\n### I feel ________ [feeling word] about ____ [statement of objective\nobservation] because I ____________.\n\nExamples:\n\n * I feel sad about hearing that you are moving to California because I’ve grown rather fond of you.\n * I feel frustrated about you saying no to sex with me because I’m very attracted to you and I want to please you.\n * I feel angry about my coworker revealing my comings and goings to my director because I trusted my coworker to be a team player and I understand team players to always have your back.\n\n### After you’ve expressed your feelings, allow your partner to digest it.\n\nShe doesn’t have to DO anything, she just has to listen. You state how you\nfeel, she listens and then you move on with whatever you were doing. If you\nexpect her to fix your feelings or remove them, then your expectations need\nrealigning (again, no one can make you feel anything. Including happiness.).\nIf the two of you have time, discuss it and see if you come out of the other\nside of your feeling and/or get to a place of resolve.\n\n### But what if you’re SO hurt by something she said (or didn’t say) and you\njust want to cry and you can’t talk about it? Well then, that is the time when\nyou NEED to express yourself.\n\nThat is the moment when you need to pull her aside, in between your tears, and\ntell you her, “I feel hurt that you don’t want to have sex with me because I\nunderstand that as rejection.” See, that’s being honest (and vulnerable).\nYou’ve just expressed how you understand a behavior to mean something, and\nnow, you have something to work with.\n\n### And what if your mate just can’t take the honesty? What if she hears that\nyou’re feeling hurt and crying and she just shuts down and doesn’t want to be\npresent with you?\n\nWell then, that is the time to be honest too. If your mate can’t handle you\nbeing real in front of her, that’s something to pay attention to. She’s\nobviously not in a place of connection with you and while that’s painful in\nand of itself, it’s the reality. See, you’re getting real.\n\n### The key takeaway: If you come from a place of vulnerability instead of\nblame, you invite your partner to look for a solution with you.\n\n## Radical Honestly isn’t for the weak.\n\nWhile you don’t need to be perfect, you do need intent (from both parties). If\none person isn’t into it, it’s just going to cause stress and that’s exactly\nthe opposite of what you’re trying to do. Perhaps attempt to use the\nprincipals, in a way that feels more authentic for the two of you and watch\nhow it works (or doesn’t).\n\n## Use your own kind judgement.\n\nIf your partner is admittedly having a bad day, it’s probably not a good idea\nto bluntly state how you’re irritated that she took the driveway parking spot\nagain. Write it down, make a note and bring it up later when she’s not as\ntriggered. The point is that you want to get out of the “habit” of lying,\nreleasing resentments before they build and dealing with issues as they arise.\n\n### I could not have written this piece without the wealth of knowledge\nalready existing about Radical Honestly. Some of my favorite resources\ninclude:\n\nMarriage Builders: The Policy of Radical Honesty\n\nSlideshare: How to Form Healthy Intimate Relationships (by Ryan Dean Buchmann)\n\nCommunicate with “I” Statements by Kevin Fitzmaurice\n\nNaming Elephants: 10 Ways to Use Radical Honesty to Improve Your Relationship\n\nI’d love to hear from folks who have used Radical Honestly: What was your\nexperience? When did you decide to be honest with each other? Did you notice\nan increased level of intimacy? If you don’t’ feel comfortable leaving a\ncomment, please drop me a line at drfrankie at littlegaybook dot com.\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Google+ (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n\n### Related\n\n###### Post Tags\n\nDatingLesbians\n\n###### Share Post\n\n###### Written by Dr. Frankie Bashan\n\n#### When To Tell Someone I'm Dating of My Struggle With Depression?\n\n#### Factors in a Successful, Long-Term, Healthy Relationships\n\nLittle Gay Book is the premier Lesbian and Bisexual matchmaking service in the\nSan Francisco Bay Area, New York, Los Angeles, Hawaii, and San Diego.\n\nLittle Gay Book, LLC 360 Grand Avenue, Ste#235 Oakland, CA 94610\n\n###### Create a Profile\n\nAdd yourself to Dr. Frankie's matchmaking database for FREE and get a free\naudio track \"12 Principles to a Successful First Date\".\n\nCREATE PROFILE NOW!\n\n###### Email Sign up\n\n###### Twitter Feed\n\n * #### RT @DGComedy: I think Hillary Clinton should narrate the audio book of Fire and Fury. ...after a bottle of Chardonnay. 13 hours ago\n\n * #### #Boston Lesbians: Jan 22nd Lesbian/Bi Speed Dating is almost sold out. Only 10 seats left. Jump out of your comfort... https://t.co/Hjef6r4AeI 1 day ago\n\nCopyright © 2009-2016 Little Gay Book, LLC, All rights Reserved. Site by\nNicole Roberts Creative\n\n * Home\n * Contact\n\n"
}
] |
456,141 | How To Talk Faster | To talk faster, practice reading a passage of text aloud at increasing speeds. You can also practice saying tongue twisters at different speeds, which will help you enunciate words at a faster pace. When you’re speaking normally, try to reduce filler words, like “Um,” “Like,” and “You know,” which slow your speech down and don’t add any meaning. If you’re practicing a presentation, record yourself giving the speech and listen back to it. Notice phrases or sentences where you slow down, then practice saying those bits to increase your speed. If there are difficult words to pronounce that slow you down, consider switching them for easier alternatives. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506064858/https://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/technical-writing/oral-presentations-tips/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200923183134/http://debate-central.ncpathinktank.org/the-best-speaking-drills-and-when-to-do-them/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418123607/https://www.scotthyoung.com/blog/2008/03/18/12-speaking-errors-that-make-you-sound-stupid/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014856/http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/speech/tips.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160908082047/http://www.fastcompany.com:80/3051834/know-it-all/these-six-filler-words-are-undermining-your-credibility",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518081406/https://www.engvid.com/english-resource/50-tongue-twisters-improve-pronunciation/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518203017/https://lifehacker.com/how-can-i-avoid-filler-words-like-um-when-i-talk-1520174263",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210510020718/https://www.write-out-loud.com/dictionexercises.html"
] | train | 1,641 | [
{
"original_url": "https://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/technical-writing/oral-presentations-tips/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506064858/https://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/technical-writing/oral-presentations-tips/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Oral Presentations: Tips on How to Deliver a Speech for School or Work",
"passages": [
"Jerz > Writing > [ Academic | Technical ] This document briefly describes how to write and deliver a formal oral presentation on an academic or professional subject. It should be useful for anyone who wants to know how to speak in public.",
"Note: by “formal presentation,” I don’t necessarily mean a Shakespeare monologue or a scientific treatise on robot-assisted microsurgery. Giving an oral presentation on any subject–your favorite book, current events, a family story–can be “formal” and “technical” whenever its primary purpose is to communicate complex information.",
"The content is the most obvious component of any oral presentation — after all, if you are talking, you had better have something worthwhile to say. But a presentation is only as effective as its delivery.",
"1. Determine your goals. 2. Prepare your material. 3. Study a model. 4. Arrange with your strongest points first. 5. Practice, practice, practice.",
"6. Make eye contact with your audience. 7. Engage actively with the audience. 8. A slide show is not a speech. 9. Watch the time! 10. Take questions in the middle, not the end?",
"Be honest with yourself. If your answer is “for a grade” or “my boss told me,” your audience will certainly figure it out soon enough. What do you want to accomplish?\nIf this is a class assignment, look very carefully at the assignment instructions. If your instructor wants you to analyze, don’t fill time summarizing. If you’ll be evaluated according to how much evidence you present, don’t fill time sharing your personal opinion.\nIf this is a work assignment, what is at stake, and what resources are available? Are you assessing work you did over the past year or proposing a project for next year? Are you justifying a decision you made, or giving background information to assist a decision-maker? Who gave this presentation last time, how well was it received, and what’s different now? (Who would know?)[wp_ad_camp_4]\nHow can your audience help you meet your goals?",
"A good speaker keeps in mind the needs of the audience. Who is your audience? What does your audience want?\nYour most important auditor may be your professor or your boss, but that person will measure your performance — at least in part — according to how the rest of the audience responds.\nWhy are the other people in the room there? They may only be there because they are on the list of speakers for the day, but they want to do a good job (or get a good grade). How can you latch on their goals, in order to help you demonstrate the value of your speech?\nHow can you use your knowledge of what they care about to help you meet your goal? (Again, who would know the information you need?)\n2) Prepare your material",
"Good speakers usually aim to look like they are speaking effortlessly, tossing off words as they come to mind. What you don’t see is the preparation that paved the way for the polished performance. It’s all an act! You can do it too, if you plan ahead.",
"Once you know what your goal is, and you know what your audience wants, you can start strategizing. There is no single strategy that will guarantee success. How you plan depends on many variables.",
"Will your audience be lost if you use jargon? Will they feel talked down to if you spend time defining terms they already know?",
"Do you expect that your audience will disagree with you? (If so, you might need to give more examples and more evidence and spend more time addressing reasonable objections in order to sound convincing, which may mean talking a little faster.)",
"Do you expect your audience already agrees with the position you will take? (If so, they may check out if your speech simply rehashes arguments they already accept without question. What can you say to an audience that already agrees with you? Why would you listen to a speaker who is restating things you already accept as the truth?)",
"Graphics, inspirational quotations, and anecdotes are all well-respected methods of maintaining audience interest. However, Pinterest clip art, fancy computer transitions between slides, and vaudeville tricks get old pretty quickly (see Don McMillan’s hilarious “Death by Powerpoint“), and they eat up time that you could use more effectively.",
"Don’t think about “delivering a speech“. Most inexperienced speakers who approach a professional oral presentation this way end up cutting themselves off from their audience.",
"Whether your goal is to convince your audience to accept your position on a complex topic, to provide as much useful information as you can to the decision-maker who needs to know it, or something else, keep that goal in mind first. How will the words you say help you and your audience to reach some mutual goal? Instead, think about “talking to people“.TV talk show hosts don’t think about talking to millions of people at once... they think of talking directly to one individual person who wants to be part of a conversation. Make your audience feel welcome.",
"Remember that your audience wants your conclusions. Many, many speakers spend too much time on background, which forces them to rush through their final statements.",
"Rehearse your explanations of charts and diagrams, your demonstrations of software, or your visits to web pages just as thoroughly as your introductory and concluding statements. When you “wing it”, you will tend to eat up too much time.",
"Know the venue. Find out how to shut off the lights, to lower the screen, to focus the overhead projector, etc.",
"Prepare for disasters. The network may crash, your monitor may start to flicker, or you may drop your notes. These things happen. Prepare a low-tech backup — overhead projections or paper handouts, a discussion question to engage the audience, whatever.",
"The internet is of course full of examples of good speeches, but the YouTube users who vote on videos may not have much in common with the audience who will hear your oral presentation.",
"Do you have access to speeches that your discourse community values? Your instructor or supervisor may not have ready access to video recordings from last year’s class or last quarter’s budget meeting, but you can pay attention to the speaking techniques deployed by people with authority in your field.",
"For instance, I have a colleague who never says, “This is taking too long, and I’m watching the clock, so let’s get on with it already.” Instead, this person says, “I’m conscious of everyone’s time, so shall we move on to the next item?”",
"if you have been assigned to deliver a speech that defends a position on a topic (such as, whether Huckleberry Finn should be taught in middle school)...",
"but your instructor usually refrains from stating any one answer is the best (preferring instead to present several viewpoints and letting the students decide for themselves)...",
"then your instructor’s open-ended lecture (intended to spark a discussion) is not a good model of a position statement (intended to showcase your ability to latch onto a specific solution).",
"While this handout aims to provide general tips, you should ignore any general tip that contradicts something specific you learn about the goals, context, or genre of the specific speech you are preparing.",
"When we read, we can go back and reread passages we skimmed over the first time, and we can skip ahead when we’re bored. In a live oral presentation, the audience can’t re-read or skip ahead. If the audience doesn’t know why they are listening to your anecdote about winning the spelling bee, or why they should care what version of the software was installed on the computer that you used to crunch your numbers, their attention will wander and it will be hard to get it back.",
"When we listen, we gratefully cling to orientation phrases that help us understand what the whole shape of a speech is, where we are within the overall structure, and when we are transitioning from one section to another.",
"Your specific occasion for delivering a speech may involve specific contextual details that don’t mesh with the general advice I’m providing here.",
"Introduction: \"I am Pinky J. Witzowitz from the U.S. Department of Bureaucracy, and I have been asked to speak for 20 minutes on 'The Government's Plan for Preventing Situation X in America's Heartland.'\"",
"\"Situation X is the worst thing that can happen to you and your family.\" [Startling claim; follow up by citing the source of this quote, or giving evidence that supports it.]",
"\"It happened once to a family in Dubuque, and they were never heard from again.\" [Anecdote; follow up with details.]",
"\"I am here today to tell you how to prevent this terrible tragedy from striking you.\" [Demonstrates relevance; move directly to your road map]",
"Main Content: Put up a slide with topics to cover, a specific problem to solve, or a series of questions to answer. Promise that your talk will address the material on that slide. You might even return to that slide each time you start a new subsection, with the current place in the talk highlighted.",
"Questions/Comments from the Audience? Even though most people save the question period until the end, they lose the opportunity to modify their conclusion to address the interests of the audience.",
"Recap: Our earnest “Situation X” speaker might give microencapsulated answers to all the questions on the main road map: \"We have learned that Situation X is a blah blah blah; that we should all care about it because yada, yada, yada...\"",
"Wrap it up: After reminding the audience how all these factors fit together, the speaker might say, \"Now that you understand how the U.S. Department of Bureaucracy helps you keep Situation X out of your life, please take one of our pamphlets home to your family and put it by the telephone where you can get it in an emergency; your family will thank you.\"",
"I regularly watch speakers ad-lib or chatter too much during the introduction, and just when they think it’s time to get to the good stuff, they realize they are almost out of time, and they have to rush through the material they had saved for the end.",
"In rare cases — such as when you are facing a hostile audience, you might want to start out by emphasizing where you agree with your audience, and then carefully working your way towards your most divisive, most daring claims.",
"But usually, you should make your strongest points first. (While an online handout is not the same thing as a speech, I tried to follow this principle by at least listing all 10 of my oral presentation tips at the top of the page, before I went into details about any one tip.)",
"Don’t waste everyone’s time by giving us an entire lab report, or by dropping the names of all the authors you’ve consulted, or by reading word-for-word what you’ve written on the slide.\nA 15-minute speech that devotes 12 minutes to establishing that the speaker has prepared adequately (describing experimental procedures or summarizing background readings) but only 3 minutes presenting and analyzing original results of all this effort has missed the point.\nGet to the point.",
"An oral presentation is not a timed essay test, in which you get points for spewing out as many details as possible. Most people in your audience probably won’t care how much your rats weighted, or what brand oscilloscope you used, or what version of MATLAB is running on your computer.\nUse the question period wisely.",
"When have lots of dry details, but you’re not sure your audience will care about them, you can always say “I can give more details if you like, but here’s the main point.” If anybody really wants to know all the details, let them raise their hand and ask you.\nIf the question is actually important to your talk, you’ll probably be able to answer right away.",
"If you can’t answer right away, or you don’t want to take the time, just promise you’ll follow up via e-mail, and then go right back to your presentation. Most audience members will probably have been annoyed by the interruption. They will be delighted that you didn’t take the questioner’s bait.",
"What is the one thing you want your audience to remember? Many speakers close their talks with a slide bearing a “Take-Home Message.”\nComedian Don Novello’s character Fr. Guido Sarducci pitches the “Five Minute University,” which was supposed to teach you everything that the average college graduate remembers, five years after graduating. The entire economics course was “supply and demand.” If you can boil your whole presentation down into one clear “take-home message,” your audience will have an easier time remembering your point. (And if they remember it, they are more likely to be influenced by it.)\n5) Practice, Practice, Practice.",
"Set a timer, and deliver your speech to a willing co-worker or family member, your pet fish, or the bathroom mirror.",
"My students are often surprised at how hard it is to fill up 3 minutes for an informal practice speech early in the term, and how hard it is to fit everything they want to say into a 10-minute formal speech later in the term.",
"Once you have the right amount of content, make a video recording of yourself practicing. If you plan to show a video clip, or ad-lib an explanation of a diagram, or load a website, or pass out paper handouts, or saw an assistant in half, actually do it while the camera is rolling, so that you know exactly how much time it takes.",
"If you know your conclusion takes you 90 seconds to deliver, make sure to start your conclusion when you have at least 90 seconds left.",
"At several key points during your speech, maybe while you are playing a video or while the audience is taking in a complex image, glance at the clock and check to see — are you on track?",
"If you notice you’re starting Section 3 60 seconds later than you had intended, try to make up for time by rushing through your second example in section 3 and cutting the third example in section 4, so that you still have the full 90 seconds at the end to deliver that powerful conclusion.",
"What will you do if you can’t get your computer connected to the projector? (Back in 2003, when I applied for my current job at Seton Hill University, I was asked to give a teaching demonstration. I couldn’t get my laptop to work with the overhead projector, but I had posted the most important links on my blog, and I had brought along a printout of my speech, just in case. My preparations have paid off, because I got the job.)",
"In the room where you will be speaking, will you be using a microphone, or relying on your unamplified voice?",
"Will you be able to walk around with the microphone — perhaps to gesture at details in the slides — or is the mic attached to a stand? (Do you need to borrow a laser pointer, or get a volunteer to advance slides for you?)",
"Go ahead and write your whole speech out so you can read robotically if you blank out, but you should practice your speech so you know it well enough that you can glance up from your notes and look at your audience as you speak.",
"Don’t stare down into your notes, either; your audience isn’t down there. Position your visual aids or keyboard so that you don’t turn your back to your audience.",
"Don’t try to recite from memory. If you spend your energy worrying about what you’re supposed to say next, you won’t be able to pay attention to whether the audience can hear you, or whether the overhead projections are focused.",
"Preparation: Set up before the audience files into their seats. If you have scheduled a presentation for a class, don’t sit in your seat like a lump while your professor calls the roll and hands out papers. Few things are more boring than watching a presenter log into the computer, fiddle with the video data projector, hunt around for the light switches, etc.",
"Introduction: As the audience files into their seats, have a title card displayed on the screen — or at least write your name and the title of your talk on the whiteboard. In a formal setting, usually a moderator will usually introduce you, so you won’t need to repeat everything the moderator says. Avoid canned introductions like “Principal Burch, members of the faculty, and fellow students, we are gathered here today...”",
"Hashtag: If it’s likely that many people in your audience use the same social media network, consider encouraging them to post their thoughts there. When you introduce yourself, give your social media handle and suggest a hashtag.",
"Handouts: Consider distributing handouts that present the basic facts (names, dates, timelines) and your main points. You can keep the conclusion just slightly mysterious, if you don’t want to give everything away immediately, but the idea is to free the audience from the feeling that they have to write everything down themselves. (Note: Simply printing up all the overhead slides wastes a lot of paper.)",
"Grabber: Grab the attention of your audience with a startling fact or claim, an inspiring quotation, or a revealing anecdote. This is not the time to try out your nightclub act; the “grabber” is not just comic relief, it also helps you set up the problem that you are going to address. If the audience will be diverse and general, you can use the “grabber” as a metaphor, helping the audience see why the topic is so important to you, and how it might be important to them, too. If your audience shares your technical specialty, and thus needs no special introduction to the topic, feel free simply to state your purpose without much to-do; but bear in mind that even technical audiences don’t want to be bored.",
"Road Map: Once you have established the problem or the main point of your talk, let the audience know how you are going to get to a solution. You might put up a series of questions on a slide, then as your talk progresses, proceed to answer each one. You might break each question down into a series of smaller questions, and answer each one of these in turn. Each time you finish a subsection, return to the road map, to help your audience keep track of where you have been and where you are going.",
"Conclusion: To give your presentation closure, return to the “grabber”, and extend it, modify it, or otherwise use it to help drive home your main point. Recap your main points, and demonstrate how they all fit together into a thought that the audience members can take with them.",
"Don’t read word-for-word with your nose buried in a stack of papers. If you bother to show up to hear a person speak, how do you feel when the speaker mumbles through page after page of written text? Do you feel you should have just asked for a copy of the paper in the mail?",
"When you present, make every effort to include your audience; after all, they are the reason you are speaking in the first place.",
"If you do feel that you must write out your speech word-for-word, you should be familiar enough with it that you don’t need to look at the paper all the time. (And hold the page up when you glance at it, rather than bending down to look at it.)",
"If you begin with a slide that lists a series of topics or questions, your audience will expect the rest of your talk to work through that list in more detail (just as this web page began with a list of tips, then followed up with details about each tip.)",
"Larry Lessig (an ethicist, open-source culture activist, and politician) has developed a very sparse PowerPoint style that assists his spoken voice. His slides sometimes contain just a single word, and he times the slides so that the written words (and occasional images) emphasize the spoken words. (See: Lessig Presentation style.)",
"People can read faster than you can speak, so don’t bore the audience by reading a slide full of text word-for-word.",
"By the time you get to the end of the slide, we will already probably be liking cat pictures on Instagram.",
"Proving that you can select a cool transition from a drop-down list is not going to earn you any points or win you a contract.",
"To help pace yourself, at the top of each page of your notes, write down what time it should be; as you turn each page, you can glance at the clock and see whether you are on track.",
"(The first time I gave this advice to a technical writing class, I mimed the action of “looking at the clock” — and noticed that I was running ten minutes behind, eating into time that I had promised to a student for an in-class testing session. That was a rather humbling experience!)",
"See the “preparation” section above. If you have already practiced your speech and timed out the various sections, you’ll know whether you are running long. If you are, don’t talk faster — cut something that you already marked out as optional.",
"I was at a conference in 1998 where the first speaker talked for 40 minutes —double her allotted time. (Why the moderator allowed this is a mystery to me.)",
"The result was that the last scheduled speaker — who had paid for an international plane ticket and a week in a hotel — did not get to speak at all.",
"If nobody has any questions, you can just fill up the space with more of your own material. That would be much harder to do if you have already wrapped up your talk and had nothing left to say.",
"If you really know your material, you can adjust your conclusion to address the questions raised by the audience. Even if someone in the audience steals a little of your thunder by bringing up points you were saving for your big finish, you will appear smart for having predicted that audience response. At the same time, someone in your audience will feel smart for having anticipated what you were going to say.",
"Dennis G. Jerz , 01/27/2009 07:24:28 Oct, 1999 — first written 03 Dec, 2000 — posted here 03 June 2003 — tweaked and updated 30 Oct 2011 — updated and added video links 31 May 2016 — major update; separated into “preparation” and “presentation” sections. 26 Jan 2018 — blackboard -> whiteboard",
"Writing That Demonstrates Thinking Ability Many writers have no trouble summarizing the content of a conversation or repeating facts, but they they freeze up when asked to formulate a theory or critique an argument. Jerz and BauerWriting Effective E-Mail: Top 10 TipsThese ten tips will help teach you how to write effective, high-quality e-mails in today’s professional environment. Write a meaningful subject line; keep the message short and readable; avoid attachments; identify yourself; don’t flame (and more).",
"Surviving Group Projects in College: Helpful Tips. What can you do to increase your chances of having a successful group project?",
"this is awfully helpful. I am a teacher in France and my students have to do presentations in English. I wish they could read this and understand.",
"Thank you for these very useful tips on Oral presentation. I am taking an Organizational Behavior class and need to do a 5 minute oral presentation on a real life situation about Conflict Management in the Workplace. I am not sure how to structure or begin the presentation.",
"Hi, I going to do 3 minute presentation and my topic is My son. what is a best tips to talk about the this topic. I am not sure where to start. Any tips to help me with.",
"Is that the topic you were assigned? Are you taking a public speaking class, a child development class, a class in writing personal memoirs, or are you learning English as a second language? I don’t know how your instructor will evaluate your work, so I am not sure how to help.",
"Hi, I going to do minute presentation and my topic is My son. what is a best tips to talk about the this topic. I am not sure where to start. Any tips to help me with.",
"Enter your comment here...Thanks a lot... I will follow your instructions..I’m hopeful those tips will work. .. Thanks once again....",
"Thanks so much will follow your instruction tomorrow where I will be having presentation with 180 Head masters about suplimetary feeding on their hunger striken ares",
"I suppose to give out a presentation on Monday on someone or something in either an athlete or an actor and I don’t know how to start",
"i have a question i am supposed to give a speech but it has to have a power point or a drama thing the only problem is that i can’t have a power point because it won’t work into my speech and neither will a drama thing what should i do?",
"I suggest you talk to whoever set up the requirement for a slideshow/drama component. Maybe there is some flexibility, or maybe you’ll find a way to work that component into your speech.",
"wow!!this are really helpfull stuff..but im just not confident enough to stand infront of all those people..wish i could do it without them looking at me",
"I have to do a presentation about “Importance of learning English”. There are 6 people in my group including myself. The presentation has to be exactly 8 minutes. We can’t use PowerPoint. Can you give us any unique, memorable and creative idea?",
"What are some lessons or life experiences that you find unique and memorable? I’d probably do a play, with a character who gets into trouble because he/she doesn’t know English, and then has a chance to correct those problems by demonstrating how learning English can fix the problems.",
"Hello mr.Dennis,I go straight to it.how can I become the most sought after Master of Ceremony(M.C.)/tv show presenter extra-ordinaire in my country before going international?any useful tips?",
"really well writen loved how you added steps so its easy to follow clear easily can be understaned and really helps us and gives us tips that we should actually think about and use at times",
"i love this helpful tips of oral presentation.. hope to visit this again or i just make a hard copy of this... thank you very much for that...",
"thank you for the great tip, but my problem is actually that I have a presentation on ‘All About Me’ and I have to keep the audience ‘engaged’ like by making a guessing game or something. If anyone has any other ideas please help!!",
"Email Tips How to write a short story Writing effective dialogue MLA format papers How to write a poem Active and passive verbs Thesis statement tips The curtains were blue Literary close reading",
"Narnia board game — enjoyable family activity (but it’s weird that the Pevensies compete against each other) | Jerz's Literacy Weblog (est. 1999) on This is the first time during the pandemic that we’ve brought this game out. Very topical.",
"Star Trek: The Next Generation Rewatch | Jerz's Literacy Weblog (est. 1999) on Galaxy’s Child (#StarTrek #TNG Rewatch, Season Four, Episode 16) LaForge meets the engineer of his dreams",
"In April, 2001 I was blogging about interactive fiction, Roget’s Thesaurus, John Lennon, HTML Frames, and C.S. Lewis | Jerz's Literacy Weblog (est. 1999) on Text-based computer game lets players interact with story.",
"Identity Crisis (#StarTrek #TNG Rewatch, Season 4 Episode 18) The Case of LaForge’s Disappearing Shipmates | Jerz's Literacy Weblog (est. 1999) on Booby Trap (ST:TNG Rewatch, Season Three Episode 6) LaForge falls for a simulated nerd on the holodeck",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Oral Presentations: Tips on How to Deliver a Speech for School or Work |\nJerz's Literacy Weblog (est. 1999)\n\n# Jerz's Literacy Weblog (est. 1999)\n\n# Oral Presentations: Tips on How to Deliver a Speech for School or Work\n\nJerz > Writing > [ Academic | Technical ] This document briefly describes how\nto write and deliver a formal oral presentation on an academic or professional\nsubject. It should be useful for anyone who wants to know how to speak in\npublic.\n\nNote: by “formal presentation,” I don’t necessarily mean a Shakespeare\nmonologue or a scientific treatise on robot-assisted microsurgery. Giving an\noral presentation on any subject–your favorite book, current events, a family\nstory–can be “formal” and “technical” whenever its primary purpose is to\ncommunicate complex information.\n\nThe content is the most obvious component of any oral presentation — after\nall, if you are talking, you had better have something worthwhile to say. But\na presentation is only as effective as its delivery.\n\nPart 1: Planning the Content\n\n1\\. Determine your goals. 2. Prepare your material. 3. Study a model. 4.\nArrange with your strongest points first. 5. Practice, practice, practice.\n\nPart 2: Delivering the Content\n\n6\\. Make eye contact with your audience. 7. Engage actively with the audience.\n8. A slide show is not a speech. 9. Watch the time! 10. Take questions in the\nmiddle, not the end?\n\n### See Also: Video Tips\n\n## Part 1: Planning the Content\n\n### 1) Determine Your Goals as a Speaker\n\nWhy are you delivering this oral presentation?\n\n Be honest with yourself. If your answer is “for a grade” or “my boss told me,” your audience will certainly figure it out soon enough. What do you want to accomplish?\n If this is a class assignment, look very carefully at the assignment instructions. If your instructor wants you to analyze, don’t fill time summarizing. If you’ll be evaluated according to how much evidence you present, don’t fill time sharing your personal opinion.\n If this is a work assignment, what is at stake, and what resources are available? Are you assessing work you did over the past year or proposing a project for next year? Are you justifying a decision you made, or giving background information to assist a decision-maker? Who gave this presentation last time, how well was it received, and what’s different now? (Who would know?)[wp_ad_camp_4]\nHow can your audience help you meet your goals?\n\n A good speaker keeps in mind the needs of the audience. Who is your audience? What does your audience want?\n Your most important auditor may be your professor or your boss, but that person will measure your performance — at least in part — according to how the rest of the audience responds.\n Why are the other people in the room there? They may only be there because they are on the list of speakers for the day, but they want to do a good job (or get a good grade). How can you latch on their goals, in order to help you demonstrate the value of your speech?\n How can you use your knowledge of what they care about to help you meet your goal? (Again, who would know the information you need?)\n\n### 2) Prepare your material\n\nPlan.\n\nGood speakers usually aim to look like they are speaking effortlessly, tossing\noff words as they come to mind. What you don’t see is the preparation that\npaved the way for the polished performance. It’s all an act! You can do it\ntoo, if you plan ahead.\n\nOnce you know what your goal is, and you know what your audience wants, you\ncan start strategizing. There is no single strategy that will guarantee\nsuccess. How you plan depends on many variables.\n\nHow many minutes long is your speech? About how many words do you speak per\nminute?\n\nWill your audience be lost if you use jargon? Will they feel talked down to if\nyou spend time defining terms they already know?\n\nDo you expect that your audience will disagree with you? (If so, you might\nneed to give more examples and more evidence and spend more time addressing\nreasonable objections in order to sound convincing, which may mean talking a\nlittle faster.)\n\nDo you expect your audience already agrees with the position you will take?\n(If so, they may check out if your speech simply rehashes arguments they\nalready accept without question. What can you say to an audience that already\nagrees with you? Why would you listen to a speaker who is restating things you\nalready accept as the truth?)\n\nGraphics, inspirational quotations, and anecdotes are all well-respected\nmethods of maintaining audience interest. However, Pinterest clip art, fancy\ncomputer transitions between slides, and vaudeville tricks get old pretty\nquickly (see Don McMillan’s hilarious “Death by Powerpoint“), and they eat up\ntime that you could use more effectively.\n\nDon’t think about “delivering a speech“. Most inexperienced speakers who\napproach a professional oral presentation this way end up cutting themselves\noff from their audience. \n--- \nWhether your goal is to convince your audience to accept your position on a\ncomplex topic, to provide as much useful information as you can to the\ndecision-maker who needs to know it, or something else, keep that goal in mind\nfirst. How will the words you say help you and your audience to reach some\nmutual goal? \nInstead, think about “talking to people“.TV talk show hosts don’t think about\ntalking to millions of people at once... they think of talking directly to one\nindividual person who wants to be part of a conversation. Make your audience\nfeel welcome. \n--- \n \n * Remember that your audience wants your conclusions. Many, many speakers spend too much time on background, which forces them to rush through their final statements.\n * Rehearse your explanations of charts and diagrams, your demonstrations of software, or your visits to web pages just as thoroughly as your introductory and concluding statements. When you “wing it”, you will tend to eat up too much time.\n * Know the venue. Find out how to shut off the lights, to lower the screen, to focus the overhead projector, etc.\n * Prepare for disasters. The network may crash, your monitor may start to flicker, or you may drop your notes. These things happen. Prepare a low-tech backup — overhead projections or paper handouts, a discussion question to engage the audience, whatever.\n\n \n \n### 3) Study a Model\n\nThe internet is of course full of examples of good speeches, but the YouTube\nusers who vote on videos may not have much in common with the audience who\nwill hear your oral presentation.\n\nDo you have access to speeches that your discourse community values? Your\ninstructor or supervisor may not have ready access to video recordings from\nlast year’s class or last quarter’s budget meeting, but you can pay attention\nto the speaking techniques deployed by people with authority in your field.\n\nFor instance, I have a colleague who never says, “This is taking too long, and\nI’m watching the clock, so let’s get on with it already.” Instead, this person\nsays, “I’m conscious of everyone’s time, so shall we move on to the next\nitem?”\n\nBear in mind that\n\n * if you have been assigned to deliver a speech that defends a position on a topic (such as, whether Huckleberry Finn should be taught in middle school)...\n * but your instructor usually refrains from stating any one answer is the best (preferring instead to present several viewpoints and letting the students decide for themselves)...\n * then your instructor’s open-ended lecture (intended to spark a discussion) is not a good model of a position statement (intended to showcase your ability to latch onto a specific solution).\n\nWhile this handout aims to provide general tips, you should ignore any general\ntip that contradicts something specific you learn about the goals, context, or\ngenre of the specific speech you are preparing.\n\n#### General Model\n\nSuccessful oral presentations typically share some basic characteristics,\nowing to the nature of the spoken word.\n\n 1. Tell them what you’re going to tell them.\n 2. Tell them.\n 3. Tell them what you told them.\n\nWhen we read, we can go back and reread passages we skimmed over the first\ntime, and we can skip ahead when we’re bored. In a live oral presentation, the\naudience can’t re-read or skip ahead. If the audience doesn’t know why they\nare listening to your anecdote about winning the spelling bee, or why they\nshould care what version of the software was installed on the computer that\nyou used to crunch your numbers, their attention will wander and it will be\nhard to get it back.\n\nWhen we listen, we gratefully cling to orientation phrases that help us\nunderstand what the whole shape of a speech is, where we are within the\noverall structure, and when we are transitioning from one section to another.\n\nYour specific occasion for delivering a speech may involve specific contextual\ndetails that don’t mesh with the general advice I’m providing here.\n\n * Introduction: \"I am Pinky J. Witzowitz from the U.S. Department of Bureaucracy, and I have been asked to speak for 20 minutes on 'The Government's Plan for Preventing Situation X in America's Heartland.'\"\n * Grabber\n\n * \"Situation X is the worst thing that can happen to you and your family.\" [Startling claim; follow up by citing the source of this quote, or giving evidence that supports it.]\n * \"It happened once to a family in Dubuque, and they were never heard from again.\" [Anecdote; follow up with details.]\n * \"I am here today to tell you how to prevent this terrible tragedy from striking you.\" [Demonstrates relevance; move directly to your road map]\n * Main Content: Put up a slide with topics to cover, a specific problem to solve, or a series of questions to answer. Promise that your talk will address the material on that slide. You might even return to that slide each time you start a new subsection, with the current place in the talk highlighted.\n\nMain Content Example A: “...Situation X in America’s Heartland”| Main Content\nExample B: “Recruiting Volunteers for Organization Y.” \n---|--- \n \n 1. What is Situation X?\n 2. Why should I care about Situation X?\n 3. What factors contribute to Situation X?\n 4. What can I do to avoid Situation X?\n 5. Finally, what is the U.S. Department of Bureaucracy doing about Situation X?\n\n|\n\n 1. What is the present state of our volunteer corps?\n 2. What are our most involved volunteers like?\n 3. How can we attract more of these kinds of people?\n 4. Should we try to make Organization Y attractive to other kinds of people as well?\n 5. Volunteering in the new millennium.\n\n \n \n * Questions/Comments from the Audience? Even though most people save the question period until the end, they lose the opportunity to modify their conclusion to address the interests of the audience.\n * Conclusion: Demonstrate how your presentation leads back to the theme you introduced via the “grabber”.\n\n * Recap: Our earnest “Situation X” speaker might give microencapsulated answers to all the questions on the main road map: \"We have learned that Situation X is a blah blah blah; that we should all care about it because yada, yada, yada...\"\n * Wrap it up: After reminding the audience how all these factors fit together, the speaker might say, \"Now that you understand how the U.S. Department of Bureaucracy helps you keep Situation X out of your life, please take one of our pamphlets home to your family and put it by the telephone where you can get it in an emergency; your family will thank you.\"\n * Invite Questions: If there is time, and if you haven’t already done so.\n\n### 4) Arrange with Your Strongest Points First\n\nYour speech is not a mystery story.\n\n \n\nI regularly watch speakers ad-lib or chatter too much during the introduction,\nand just when they think it’s time to get to the good stuff, they realize they\nare almost out of time, and they have to rush through the material they had\nsaved for the end.\n\nIn rare cases — such as when you are facing a hostile audience, you might want\nto start out by emphasizing where you agree with your audience, and then\ncarefully working your way towards your most divisive, most daring claims.\n\nBut usually, you should make your strongest points first. (While an online\nhandout is not the same thing as a speech, I tried to follow this principle by\nat least listing all 10 of my oral presentation tips at the top of the page,\nbefore I went into details about any one tip.)\n\nIntroductions and background sections are boring.\n\n Don’t waste everyone’s time by giving us an entire lab report, or by dropping the names of all the authors you’ve consulted, or by reading word-for-word what you’ve written on the slide.\n A 15-minute speech that devotes 12 minutes to establishing that the speaker has prepared adequately (describing experimental procedures or summarizing background readings) but only 3 minutes presenting and analyzing original results of all this effort has missed the point.\nGet to the point.\n\n An oral presentation is not a timed essay test, in which you get points for spewing out as many details as possible. Most people in your audience probably won’t care how much your rats weighted, or what brand oscilloscope you used, or what version of MATLAB is running on your computer.\nUse the question period wisely.\n\n When have lots of dry details, but you’re not sure your audience will care about them, you can always say “I can give more details if you like, but here’s the main point.” If anybody really wants to know all the details, let them raise their hand and ask you.\n\n * If the question is actually important to your talk, you’ll probably be able to answer right away.\n * If you can’t answer right away, or you don’t want to take the time, just promise you’ll follow up via e-mail, and then go right back to your presentation. Most audience members will probably have been annoyed by the interruption. They will be delighted that you didn’t take the questioner’s bait.\n\nGive a “Take-Home Message”\n\n What is the one thing you want your audience to remember? Many speakers close their talks with a slide bearing a “Take-Home Message.”\n Comedian Don Novello’s character Fr. Guido Sarducci pitches the “Five Minute University,” which was supposed to teach you everything that the average college graduate remembers, five years after graduating. The entire economics course was “supply and demand.” If you can boil your whole presentation down into one clear “take-home message,” your audience will have an easier time remembering your point. (And if they remember it, they are more likely to be influenced by it.)\n\n### 5) Practice, Practice, Practice.\n\nSet a timer, and deliver your speech to a willing co-worker or family member,\nyour pet fish, or the bathroom mirror.\n\nMy students are often surprised at how hard it is to fill up 3 minutes for an\ninformal practice speech early in the term, and how hard it is to fit\neverything they want to say into a 10-minute formal speech later in the term.\n\nOnce you have the right amount of content, make a video recording of yourself\npracticing. If you plan to show a video clip, or ad-lib an explanation of a\ndiagram, or load a website, or pass out paper handouts, or saw an assistant in\nhalf, actually do it while the camera is rolling, so that you know exactly how\nmuch time it takes.\n\nTime it out.\n\n * Script out a powerful introduction and conclusion.\n * Know how long each section of your speech should take.\n * Decide in advance:\n\n * which example or anecdote you will cut if you are running long?\n * what additional example you can introduce if you need to fill time?\n\nIf you know your conclusion takes you 90 seconds to deliver, make sure to\nstart your conclusion when you have at least 90 seconds left.\n\nAt several key points during your speech, maybe while you are playing a video\nor while the audience is taking in a complex image, glance at the clock and\ncheck to see — are you on track?\n\nIf you notice you’re starting Section 3 60 seconds later than you had\nintended, try to make up for time by rushing through your second example in\nsection 3 and cutting the third example in section 4, so that you still have\nthe full 90 seconds at the end to deliver that powerful conclusion.\n\n#### Technological Considerations\n\n * Do you know how to connect your computer to the overhead projector? (If you don’t know, who does?)\n * What will you do if you can’t get your computer connected to the projector? (Back in 2003, when I applied for my current job at Seton Hill University, I was asked to give a teaching demonstration. I couldn’t get my laptop to work with the overhead projector, but I had posted the most important links on my blog, and I had brought along a printout of my speech, just in case. My preparations have paid off, because I got the job.)\n * In the room where you will be speaking, will you be using a microphone, or relying on your unamplified voice?\n * Will you be able to walk around with the microphone — perhaps to gesture at details in the slides — or is the mic attached to a stand? (Do you need to borrow a laser pointer, or get a volunteer to advance slides for you?)\n\n## Part 2: Delivering the Content\n\n### 6) Make Eye Contact With Your Audience.\n\nI once sat through a four-hour training session, during which this was all I\ncould see of the instructor.\n\nGo ahead and write your whole speech out so you can read robotically if you\nblank out, but you should practice your speech so you know it well enough that\nyou can glance up from your notes and look at your audience as you speak.\n\nDon’t hide behind the computer monitor when you run your PowerPoint\npresentation. \n--- \nDon’t stare down into your notes, either; your audience isn’t down there. \nPosition your visual aids or keyboard so that you don’t turn your back to your\naudience. \n \n### 7) Engage with the audience.\n\nPay attention to the audience, and they will pay attention to you.\n\nDon’t try to recite from memory. If you spend your energy worrying about what\nyou’re supposed to say next, you won’t be able to pay attention to whether the\naudience can hear you, or whether the overhead projections are focused.\n\nPreparation: Set up before the audience files into their seats. If you have\nscheduled a presentation for a class, don’t sit in your seat like a lump while\nyour professor calls the roll and hands out papers. Few things are more boring\nthan watching a presenter log into the computer, fiddle with the video data\nprojector, hunt around for the light switches, etc.\n\nIntroduction: As the audience files into their seats, have a title card\ndisplayed on the screen — or at least write your name and the title of your\ntalk on the whiteboard. In a formal setting, usually a moderator will usually\nintroduce you, so you won’t need to repeat everything the moderator says.\nAvoid canned introductions like “Principal Burch, members of the faculty, and\nfellow students, we are gathered here today...”\n\nHashtag: If it’s likely that many people in your audience use the same social\nmedia network, consider encouraging them to post their thoughts there. When\nyou introduce yourself, give your social media handle and suggest a hashtag.\n\nHandouts: Consider distributing handouts that present the basic facts (names,\ndates, timelines) and your main points. You can keep the conclusion just\nslightly mysterious, if you don’t want to give everything away immediately,\nbut the idea is to free the audience from the feeling that they have to write\neverything down themselves. (Note: Simply printing up all the overhead slides\nwastes a lot of paper.)\n\nGrabber: Grab the attention of your audience with a startling fact or claim,\nan inspiring quotation, or a revealing anecdote. This is not the time to try\nout your nightclub act; the “grabber” is not just comic relief, it also helps\nyou set up the problem that you are going to address. If the audience will be\ndiverse and general, you can use the “grabber” as a metaphor, helping the\naudience see why the topic is so important to you, and how it might be\nimportant to them, too. If your audience shares your technical specialty, and\nthus needs no special introduction to the topic, feel free simply to state\nyour purpose without much to-do; but bear in mind that even technical\naudiences don’t want to be bored.\n\nRoad Map: Once you have established the problem or the main point of your\ntalk, let the audience know how you are going to get to a solution. You might\nput up a series of questions on a slide, then as your talk progresses, proceed\nto answer each one. You might break each question down into a series of\nsmaller questions, and answer each one of these in turn. Each time you finish\na subsection, return to the road map, to help your audience keep track of\nwhere you have been and where you are going.\n\nConclusion: To give your presentation closure, return to the “grabber”, and\nextend it, modify it, or otherwise use it to help drive home your main point.\nRecap your main points, and demonstrate how they all fit together into a\nthought that the audience members can take with them.\n\n### 8) A Slide Show Is Not a Speech\n\nDon’t read word-for-word with your nose buried in a stack of papers. If you\nbother to show up to hear a person speak, how do you feel when the speaker\nmumbles through page after page of written text? Do you feel you should have\njust asked for a copy of the paper in the mail?\n\nWhen you present, make every effort to include your audience; after all, they\nare the reason you are speaking in the first place.\n\nIf you do feel that you must write out your speech word-for-word, you should\nbe familiar enough with it that you don’t need to look at the paper all the\ntime. (And hold the page up when you glance at it, rather than bending down to\nlook at it.)\n\nUse uncluttered slides to aid your spoken words. \n--- \n \nYour slides should present an abbreviated version of the content (not just the\nbare framework) of your talk.\n\nIf you begin with a slide that lists a series of topics or questions, your\naudience will expect the rest of your talk to work through that list in more\ndetail (just as this web page began with a list of tips, then followed up with\ndetails about each tip.)\n\nIf each page throws up more lists, your talk will seem random.\n\nLarry Lessig (an ethicist, open-source culture activist, and politician) has\ndeveloped a very sparse PowerPoint style that assists his spoken voice. His\nslides sometimes contain just a single word, and he times the slides so that\nthe written words (and occasional images) emphasize the spoken words. (See:\nLessig Presentation style.) \n \nVague and pointless slides are alienating. \n--- \n \nA slide that simply presents the bare structure of your talk is pointless.\n\nRather than a slide labeled “Introduction,” ask a question that actually\nintroduces some idea.\n\nRather than a slide labeled “Case Study 1,” give a startling fact from the\ncase study. \n \nCluttered and wordy slides can be overwhelming. \n--- \n \nPeople can read faster than you can speak, so don’t bore the audience by\nreading a slide full of text word-for-word.\n\nBy the time you get to the end of the slide, we will already probably be\nliking cat pictures on Instagram. \n \nSpinning and bouncing text impresses nobody (and fools nobody).\n\nThe people in your audience probably see dozens of slide shows every month.\nThey want to evaluate your ideas.\n\nProving that you can select a cool transition from a drop-down list is not\ngoing to earn you any points or win you a contract. \n \n--- \n \n### 9) Watch the time!\n\nTo help pace yourself, at the top of each page of your notes, write down what\ntime it should be; as you turn each page, you can glance at the clock and see\nwhether you are on track.\n\n(The first time I gave this advice to a technical writing class, I mimed the\naction of “looking at the clock” — and noticed that I was running ten minutes\nbehind, eating into time that I had promised to a student for an in-class\ntesting session. That was a rather humbling experience!)\n\nSee the “preparation” section above. If you have already practiced your speech\nand timed out the various sections, you’ll know whether you are running long.\nIf you are, don’t talk faster — cut something that you already marked out as\noptional.\n\nDecide in advance which examples, which anecdotes, which subsections you can\ndrop, without damaging the whole presentation.\n\nI was at a conference in 1998 where the first speaker talked for 40 minutes\n—double her allotted time. (Why the moderator allowed this is a mystery to\nme.)\n\n * None of the other speakers on the panel felt like cutting their talks to compensate.\n * The result was that the last scheduled speaker — who had paid for an international plane ticket and a week in a hotel — did not get to speak at all.\n\n### 10) Take questions in the middle, not at the end?\n\nThe benefits include:\n\n * If you spark a good Q & A session, your audience will remember and appreciate it.\n * If nobody has any questions, you can just fill up the space with more of your own material. That would be much harder to do if you have already wrapped up your talk and had nothing left to say.\n * If you really know your material, you can adjust your conclusion to address the questions raised by the audience. Even if someone in the audience steals a little of your thunder by bringing up points you were saving for your big finish, you will appear smart for having predicted that audience response. At the same time, someone in your audience will feel smart for having anticipated what you were going to say.\n\nDennis G. Jerz , 01/27/2009 07:24:28 Oct, 1999 — first written 03 Dec, 2000 —\nposted here 03 June 2003 — tweaked and updated 30 Oct 2011 — updated and added\nvideo links 31 May 2016 — major update; separated into “preparation” and\n“presentation” sections. 26 Jan 2018 — blackboard -> whiteboard\n\nRelated Links \n--- \n \nWriting That Demonstrates Thinking Ability Many writers have no trouble\nsummarizing the content of a conversation or repeating facts, but they they\nfreeze up when asked to formulate a theory or critique an argument. Jerz and\nBauerWriting Effective E-Mail: Top 10 TipsThese ten tips will help teach you\nhow to write effective, high-quality e-mails in today’s professional\nenvironment. Write a meaningful subject line; keep the message short and\nreadable; avoid attachments; identify yourself; don’t flame (and more).\n\nSurviving Group Projects in College: Helpful Tips. What can you do to increase\nyour chances of having a successful group project?\n\n 1. Start early.\n 2. Nudge a slow partner with helpful specifics.\n 3. Document your efforts.\n 4. Embrace the opportunity to demonstrate your teamwork skills.\n\n \n \n## 50 thoughts on “Oral Presentations: Tips on How to Deliver a Speech for\nSchool or Work”\n\n 1. Amos says:\n\n15 Oct 2019 at 3:28 am\n\nThanks alot for your teachings\n\nReply\n\n 2. Michael Joseph says:\n\n27 May 2019 at 3:37 pm\n\nThank a lot , really great tip for oral presentation, i’ll implement these\ntips, and will let you know.\n\nRegards MJ\n\nReply\n\n 3. Ken says:\n\n16 May 2019 at 6:40 am\n\nVery helpful tips.\n\nReply\n\n 4. sam says:\n\n8 Feb 2019 at 4:16 am\n\nthis is awfully helpful. I am a teacher in France and my students have to do\npresentations in English. I wish they could read this and understand.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Tameka DM says:\n\n1 Oct 2018 at 7:50 pm\n\nThank you for these very useful tips on Oral presentation. I am taking an\nOrganizational Behavior class and need to do a 5 minute oral presentation on a\nreal life situation about Conflict Management in the Workplace. I am not sure\nhow to structure or begin the presentation.\n\nReply\n\n 6. Ravindra patel says:\n\n25 Nov 2017 at 11:03 pm\n\nI like it Really helpful for me\n\nReply\n\n 7. Michael Arthur says:\n\n19 Sep 2017 at 4:39 pm\n\nThank you for helping me to do my presentation.....and I have learned so much\nfrom oral presentation.\n\nReply\n\n 8. #annabeth case says:\n\n17 May 2017 at 4:43 am\n\nthankyou thankyou thankyou this helped me so much!!! : )\n\nReply\n\n * #annabeth chase says:\n\n17 May 2017 at 4:45 am\n\nthankyou thankyou thankyou this helped me so much in english!!! : )\n\nReply\n\n 9. Adedayo says:\n\n31 Mar 2017 at 5:34 am\n\nThanks. Really helpful\n\nReply\n\n 10. Lorraine says:\n\n7 Mar 2017 at 7:25 am\n\nHi, I going to do 3 minute presentation and my topic is My son. what is a best\ntips to talk about the this topic. I am not sure where to start. Any tips to\nhelp me with.\n\nThank you\n\nReply\n\n * Dennis G. Jerz says:\n\n7 Mar 2017 at 1:08 pm\n\nIs that the topic you were assigned? Are you taking a public speaking class, a\nchild development class, a class in writing personal memoirs, or are you\nlearning English as a second language? I don’t know how your instructor will\nevaluate your work, so I am not sure how to help.\n\nYou might find it useful to look at this handout on writing personal essays.\nhttp://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/creative1/personal-essays/\n\nGood luck!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Lorraine says:\n\n7 Mar 2017 at 7:20 am\n\nHi, I going to do minute presentation and my topic is My son. what is a best\ntips to talk about the this topic. I am not sure where to start. Any tips to\nhelp me with.\n\nThank you\n\nReply\n\n 12. Jack-oshea-breed says:\n\n17 Jun 2016 at 9:41 pm\n\nThis sort of helped\n\nReply\n\n 13. Denise Gillen Caralli says:\n\n2 Jun 2016 at 6:08 am\n\nDenise Gillen Caralli liked this on Facebook.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Muhammad Osman Jabed Chowdhury says:\n\n2 Oct 2015 at 10:09 pm\n\nEnter your comment here...Thanks a lot... I will follow your instructions..I’m\nhopeful those tips will work. .. Thanks once again....\n\nReply\n\n * Justice Moyo says:\n\n14 Apr 2016 at 1:12 pm\n\nThanks so much will follow your instruction tomorrow where I will be having\npresentation with 180 Head masters about suplimetary feeding on their hunger\nstriken ares\n\nReply\n\n * Dennis G. Jerz says:\n\n14 Apr 2016 at 1:24 pm\n\nGood luck!\n\nReply\n\n * elma Williams says:\n\n31 May 2016 at 5:16 am\n\nYeah ,thanks and good luck to all of you from a powerful Jamaican girl\n\nReply\n\n 15. Tyler says:\n\n27 Sep 2015 at 8:09 pm\n\nThat’s great... It will work well for those who are aiming for like me.\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Bruce says:\n\n14 Sep 2015 at 8:47 am\n\nThe tips are totally handy until now I am still applying it.\n\nAppreciate it. =)\n\nReply\n\n 17. Nadura Gomez says:\n\n2 Sep 2015 at 2:53 am\n\nVery helpful for my presentation. Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 18. Ntshepeng says:\n\n2 Aug 2015 at 5:35 am\n\nI have learned a lot on this...thanks\n\nReply\n\n 19. Ntshepeng says:\n\n2 Aug 2015 at 5:31 am\n\nThanks a lot I have learned so much on this\n\nReply\n\n 20. edwin rutto says:\n\n1 Aug 2015 at 2:55 pm\n\nI suppose to give out a presentation on Monday on someone or something in\neither an athlete or an actor and I don’t know how to start\n\nReply\n\n 21. Eboney says:\n\n4 May 2015 at 3:02 am\n\ni have a question i am supposed to give a speech but it has to have a power\npoint or a drama thing the only problem is that i can’t have a power point\nbecause it won’t work into my speech and neither will a drama thing what\nshould i do?\n\nReply\n\n * Dennis G. Jerz says:\n\n4 May 2015 at 9:06 am\n\nI suggest you talk to whoever set up the requirement for a slideshow/drama\ncomponent. Maybe there is some flexibility, or maybe you’ll find a way to work\nthat component into your speech.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Directioner Australia says:\n\n22 Apr 2015 at 10:00 pm\n\nThank you heaps this really helped a lot\n\nReply\n\n 23. thembelihle says:\n\n21 Apr 2015 at 12:03 pm\n\nthat is such good information and i believe im going to pass my speeches.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Fahida says:\n\n30 Jan 2015 at 6:24 am\n\nwow!!this are really helpfull stuff..but im just not confident enough to stand\ninfront of all those people..wish i could do it without them looking at me\n\nReply\n\n * Jacquelyn says:\n\n30 Jul 2015 at 3:26 pm\n\nblind fold them! just joking...I’m getting ready to do mine and I’m having the\nsame problem as you.\n\nReply\n\n 25. anshul sharma says:\n\n31 Aug 2014 at 1:52 am\n\nthis is a helpfull site\n\nReply\n\n 26. G H says:\n\n14 May 2014 at 12:32 am\n\nthis isn’t helping me with how nervous I am!! bye!!\n\nReply\n\n 27. titobiloluwa says:\n\n13 May 2014 at 6:42 pm\n\nlove it really helped\n\nReply\n\n 28. diego says:\n\n18 Mar 2014 at 5:55 pm\n\nthanks you are good\n\nReply\n\n 29. vishi says:\n\n17 Mar 2014 at 3:55 am\n\nI have to do a presentation about “Importance of learning English”. There are\n6 people in my group including myself. The presentation has to be exactly 8\nminutes. We can’t use PowerPoint. Can you give us any unique, memorable and\ncreative idea?\n\nReply\n\n * Dennis G. Jerz says:\n\n17 Mar 2014 at 9:59 am\n\nWhat are some lessons or life experiences that you find unique and memorable?\nI’d probably do a play, with a character who gets into trouble because he/she\ndoesn’t know English, and then has a chance to correct those problems by\ndemonstrating how learning English can fix the problems.\n\nReply\n\n * michael says:\n\n31 Mar 2014 at 4:25 am\n\nHello mr.Dennis,I go straight to it.how can I become the most sought after\nMaster of Ceremony(M.C.)/tv show presenter extra-ordinaire in my country\nbefore going international?any useful tips?\n\nReply\n\n * Dennis G. Jerz says:\n\n31 Mar 2014 at 10:25 am\n\nSorry, that question is not something I cover on this page.\n\nReply\n\n 30. arleen says:\n\n30 Jan 2014 at 7:08 pm\n\nreally well writen loved how you added steps so its easy to follow clear\neasily can be understaned and really helps us and gives us tips that we should\nactually think about and use at times\n\nReply\n\n 31. Laaviska (Sudha) says:\n\n15 Dec 2013 at 6:54 am\n\nYeah! I found it quite impressive. I hope it’z gonna be helpful for me to\ndevelop my speech techniques.\n\nReply\n\n 32. xyz says:\n\n11 Dec 2013 at 12:51 pm\n\nNice tips....i think it will help me. but it’s too lengthy,it takes so much of\ntime to read.\n\nReply\n\n 33. Malaika says:\n\n9 Dec 2013 at 9:03 pm\n\nThis really helps to prepare for all sort of things, Thanks a lot\n\nReply\n\n 34. An admirer says:\n\n15 Sep 2013 at 1:42 pm\n\nReally helpful! Thank you\n\nReply\n\n 35. Pingback: Oral Presentation Readings « readwriteredroom\n\n 36. Jerome says:\n\n18 Jan 2013 at 7:19 am\n\ni love this helpful tips of oral presentation.. hope to visit this again or i\njust make a hard copy of this... thank you very much for that...\n\nReply\n\n 37. samuel says:\n\n25 Jul 2012 at 12:34 pm\n\nit was quite helpful\n\nReply\n\n 38. Lincoln says:\n\n11 Feb 2012 at 8:21 pm\n\nthank you for the great tip, but my problem is actually that I have a\npresentation on ‘All About Me’ and I have to keep the audience ‘engaged’ like\nby making a guessing game or something. If anyone has any other ideas please\nhelp!!\n\nReply\n\n * Dennis G. Jerz says:\n\n12 Feb 2012 at 1:01 am\n\nThis may help: http://jerz.setonhill.edu/writing/creative1/showing/\n\nReply\n\n 39. Princess Calabar says:\n\n7 Dec 2011 at 12:01 am\n\nThis really helped me prepare my oral presentation...thanks very much!!!!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n# Popular posts\n\n * Fake Graph: The Actual “Dunning-Kruger Effect” Is NOTHING Like I Thought It Was\n * I’m amused by the quirky way the “Thin Bread Crust” meme remixes the remix.\n * Does the phrase “based off of” make you shudder... or shrug?\n * The Amazon Mystery: What America’s Strangest Tech Company Is Really Up To\n * The Language of Gender Violence\n * 6 Problems with our School System\n * Writing a Cutline (Caption): Three Examples\n * Plato’s Allegory of the Cave\n * The Curtains Were Blue: In Which I Fix Another Meme.\n * Personality Profiles: Prize-Winning Student Journalism Samples\n\n# Meta\n\n * Log in\n * Entries feed\n * Comments feed\n * WordPress.org\n\n# Categories\n\n# Archives\n\n# Recommended Links\n\nEmail Tips How to write a short story Writing effective dialogue MLA format\npapers How to write a poem Active and passive verbs Thesis statement tips The\ncurtains were blue Literary close reading\n\n# Recent Comments\n\n * Narnia board game — enjoyable family activity (but it’s weird that the Pevensies compete against each other) | Jerz's Literacy Weblog (est. 1999) on This is the first time during the pandemic that we’ve brought this game out. 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},
{
"original_url": "http://debate-central.ncpathinktank.org/the-best-speaking-drills-and-when-to-do-them/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200923183134/http://debate-central.ncpathinktank.org/the-best-speaking-drills-and-when-to-do-them/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Best Speaking Drills, and When to Do Them « Debate Central",
"passages": [
"Speaking drills are an important component of preparing for your debates. Today, we’re going to introduce you to some of the best drills, and explain how each one will help you improve.",
"This post references speed as a goal, but make no mistake: these drills are helpful even if you don’t want to speak quickly. No matter what rate of delivery you choose, speaking drills can improve your clarity and articulation and reduce “dead time” in your speech, ensuring maximum efficiency.",
"How do to it: Self-explanatory. You read your case outloud, and see if it fits into the allotted speech time.",
"When you should do it: Any time you’re preparing to run a new case, until you’re confident that you’ll make time and that you sound awesome. Then do a few more basic run-throughs leading up to every tournament.",
"Protip: Ideally, you want any scripted speech (such as a 1AC) to be timed so that by default you are filling your speech time, but NOT reading as fast as you possibly can. This gives you a little wiggle room when you find yourself in a round where the circumstances demand you read one or two extra cards (say, as a pre-empt to the one-off argument you know is coming). The other net benefit to this approach is it gives your judge some time to get used to listening to your voice, before you dive into top speeds.",
"Why you should do it: The pen creates an obstacle, forcing your tongue to work harder and you to over-articulate. This is good for developing the kind of exaggerated face/mouth/tongue movements that produce greater speech clarity.",
"When you should do it: Whenever, but especially if you frequently hear judges yell “clear!” or tell you that you have “mush mouth.”",
"Protip: This drill will only actually help you if you commit to it. Sloppily mushing through your reading while a pen in your mouth is useless. The key is to really work those facial muscles and focus on articulation. You’ll know you’re doing it right when you start to feel like your face looks really stupid.",
"How to do it: Read through your cards, inserting the word “and” between every word. So, the sentence “The cat climbs the tree” would become “The and cat and climbs and the and tree and.”",
"Why you should do it: This one has three main benefits. The first is it stops from trying to comprehend what you’re reading and lets you focus instead on just saying words. This kind of disengaging helps most people speak faster. (You should have already read and understood all of your cards beforehand. If you didn’t, you have bigger problems than rate of delivery). This drill also encourages you to keep your speech clipped, rather than blurring the end of one word into the next. Again, this improves clarity. Finally, repeating the same word helps you find a natural rhythm, which speeds you up and helps you avoid stumbling over awkward phrases.",
"When you should do it: Any time. Do this one extra often if you’re someone who trips over your words or has trouble “finding your groove.”",
"Protip: Some debaters like to keep themselves in a rhythm by relying on a physical metronome, such as tapping their leg with a finger or doing the infamous “chop the air” debater gesture. During this drill is a good time to experiment with that. Just make sure you’re not doing something distracting, like pounding on the table or clicking your pen.",
"How to do it: Read through your cards backwards, starting at the end of the card and continuing backwards until you reach the tag. (This means reading the words in reverse order, not literally trying to phonetically pronounce the words backwards).",
"Why you should do it: This is another drill that helps you practice the technique of reading instead of thinking. The words go directly into your eyes and out your mouth, instead of taking the extra time to knock around in your thoughts. If you don’t already do this, you’ll be surprised by how much faster it’ll make you.",
"When you should do it: Whenever, but especially when you’re trying to get used to reading new cards, or if you’re working on ramping up your speed.",
"Protip: If you’re never done this before, you’re going to really, really suck at it at first. Don’t be alarmed. You’ll get better.",
"How to do it: Take a deep, deep breath. Then, read as far through a card as you can without taking another breath. Keep trying to push yourself to read more and more between breaths.",
"Why you should do it: Breathing is surprisingly time-consuming. If you can cut down how often you need to do it, you’ll get through a lot more text.",
"When you should do it: If you aren’t very fast, or don’t want to speed-read but do want to fit in more content, stretching out your breaths will make a huge difference.",
"Protip: Focus on drawing deep breaths into your abdomen, instead of gasping or panting. Double-breathing works for some debaters, but it doesn’t help at all if your breaths are shallow. With every breath, you want to bring as much oxygen into your body as you can.",
"Give each of these drills a try, and watch your speaker points soar. You’ll make better use of your speech time, be easier to flow, and generally sound better. So no excuses; go do your drills!",
"[...] you are sure you want to speak quickly, you simply must do lots of speaking drills. Read your cases over and over. Put a pen in your mouth. Shoot not just for blazing speed, but also [...]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Best Speaking Drills, and When to Do Them « Debate Central | Free Debate\nResources\n\n * Home\n * Learn\n * Cross Examination\n * Lincoln-Douglas\n * Public Forum\n * Young Patriots\n\n# The Best Speaking Drills, and When to Do Them4\n\n### Posted In Cross-Examination,Learn,Lincoln-Douglas,Public-Forum\n\nSpeaking drills are an important component of preparing for your debates.\nToday, we’re going to introduce you to some of the best drills, and explain\nhow each one will help you improve.\n\nThis post references speed as a goal, but make no mistake: these drills are\nhelpful even if you don’t want to speak quickly. No matter what rate of\ndelivery you choose, speaking drills can improve your clarity and articulation\nand reduce “dead time” in your speech, ensuring maximum efficiency.\n\nSo, everyone should be regularly doing drills. But how? Let’s get started!\n\n### Traditional read-throughs:\n\nHow do to it: Self-explanatory. You read your case outloud, and see if it fits\ninto the allotted speech time.\n\nWhy you should do it: So you know your case is timed correctly and you’re\ncomfortable reading it, obviously.\n\nWhen you should do it: Any time you’re preparing to run a new case, until\nyou’re confident that you’ll make time and that you sound awesome. Then do a\nfew more basic run-throughs leading up to every tournament.\n\nProtip: Ideally, you want any scripted speech (such as a 1AC) to be timed so\nthat by default you are filling your speech time, but NOT reading as fast as\nyou possibly can. This gives you a little wiggle room when you find yourself\nin a round where the circumstances demand you read one or two extra cards\n(say, as a pre-empt to the one-off argument you know is coming). The other net\nbenefit to this approach is it gives your judge some time to get used to\nlistening to your voice, before you dive into top speeds.\n\n### Pen in your mouth:\n\nHow to do it: Hold a pen vertically in your mouth, between your teeth, while\nyou read through cards.\n\nWhy you should do it: The pen creates an obstacle, forcing your tongue to work\nharder and you to over-articulate. This is good for developing the kind of\nexaggerated face/mouth/tongue movements that produce greater speech clarity.\n\nWhen you should do it: Whenever, but especially if you frequently hear judges\nyell “clear!” or tell you that you have “mush mouth.”\n\nProtip: This drill will only actually help you if you commit to it. Sloppily\nmushing through your reading while a pen in your mouth is useless. The key is\nto really work those facial muscles and focus on articulation. You’ll know\nyou’re doing it right when you start to feel like your face looks really\nstupid.\n\n### And and and:\n\nHow to do it: Read through your cards, inserting the word “and” between every\nword. So, the sentence “The cat climbs the tree” would become “The and cat and\nclimbs and the and tree and.”\n\nWhy you should do it: This one has three main benefits. The first is it stops\nfrom trying to comprehend what you’re reading and lets you focus instead on\njust saying words. This kind of disengaging helps most people speak faster.\n(You should have already read and understood all of your cards beforehand. If\nyou didn’t, you have bigger problems than rate of delivery). This drill also\nencourages you to keep your speech clipped, rather than blurring the end of\none word into the next. Again, this improves clarity. Finally, repeating the\nsame word helps you find a natural rhythm, which speeds you up and helps you\navoid stumbling over awkward phrases.\n\nWhen you should do it: Any time. Do this one extra often if you’re someone who\ntrips over your words or has trouble “finding your groove.”\n\nProtip: Some debaters like to keep themselves in a rhythm by relying on a\nphysical metronome, such as tapping their leg with a finger or doing the\ninfamous “chop the air” debater gesture. During this drill is a good time to\nexperiment with that. Just make sure you’re not doing something distracting,\nlike pounding on the table or clicking your pen.\n\n### Backwards:\n\nHow to do it: Read through your cards backwards, starting at the end of the\ncard and continuing backwards until you reach the tag. (This means reading the\nwords in reverse order, not literally trying to phonetically pronounce the\nwords backwards).\n\nWhy you should do it: This is another drill that helps you practice the\ntechnique of reading instead of thinking. The words go directly into your eyes\nand out your mouth, instead of taking the extra time to knock around in your\nthoughts. If you don’t already do this, you’ll be surprised by how much faster\nit’ll make you.\n\nWhen you should do it: Whenever, but especially when you’re trying to get used\nto reading new cards, or if you’re working on ramping up your speed.\n\nProtip: If you’re never done this before, you’re going to really, really suck\nat it at first. Don’t be alarmed. You’ll get better.\n\n### One breath:\n\nHow to do it: Take a deep, deep breath. Then, read as far through a card as\nyou can without taking another breath. Keep trying to push yourself to read\nmore and more between breaths.\n\nWhy you should do it: Breathing is surprisingly time-consuming. If you can cut\ndown how often you need to do it, you’ll get through a lot more text.\n\nWhen you should do it: If you aren’t very fast, or don’t want to speed-read\nbut do want to fit in more content, stretching out your breaths will make a\nhuge difference.\n\nProtip: Focus on drawing deep breaths into your abdomen, instead of gasping or\npanting. Double-breathing works for some debaters, but it doesn’t help at all\nif your breaths are shallow. With every breath, you want to bring as much\noxygen into your body as you can.\n\nGive each of these drills a try, and watch your speaker points soar. You’ll\nmake better use of your speech time, be easier to flow, and generally sound\nbetter. So no excuses; go do your drills!\n\nDid we miss your favorite drill? Tell us in the comments!\n\n### 4 Comments\n\n 1. Have a Better Next Season, Starting Now: Conduct a Self-Assessment « Free Debate Resources | Debate Central says:\n\nApril 30, 2014 at 3:53 pm\n\n[...] Speaking drills. Working on speaking quicker and/or reducing unnecessary\nwords. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 2. Judges’ Top Pet Peeves, and How to Avoid Them (Part 1/2) « Free Debate Resources | Debate Central says:\n\nDecember 30, 2014 at 5:39 pm\n\n[...] you are sure you want to speak quickly, you simply must do lots of\nspeaking drills. Read your cases over and over. Put a pen in your mouth. Shoot\nnot just for blazing speed, but also [...]\n\nReply\n\n 3. Debate for All: Running an Efficient Practice | Premier Debate Today says:\n\nAugust 20, 2015 at 2:01 pm\n\n[...] 1) Debate Central post on speaking drills [...]\n\nReply\n\n 4. Hannah says:\n\nOctober 24, 2015 at 8:00 am\n\nThis helped my team! Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\n## Acces Our Research\n\nHealth Care Policy Tax Policy Retirement Policy Environment Policy\n\n## Learn More\n\nAbout Us Meet Our Experts Meet Our Staff Contact Us\n\n## Join the Conversation\n\nHealth Policy Blog Economic Policy Blog Retirement & Taxes Blog Energy &\nEnvironment Blog\n\n## Get Involved\n\nAttend Subscribe Sponsor Donate\n\n## Follow Us\n\nRSS Facebook Twitter LinkedIn\n\nYouTube Flickr Helium\n\nCopyright © 2011 National Center for Policy Analysis. All rights reserved.\nPrivacy Policy | Sitemap\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.scotthyoung.com/blog/2008/03/18/12-speaking-errors-that-make-you-sound-stupid/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418123607/https://www.scotthyoung.com/blog/2008/03/18/12-speaking-errors-that-make-you-sound-stupid/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "12 Speaking Errors That Make You Sound Dumb",
"passages": [
"Recently I’ve taken on a daunting personal challenge: completely debugging my speaking habits. Not just public speaking on stage, but fixing glitches when I talk during conversations. These speaking glitches may seem minor, but when they add up, they make you harder to understand, less assertive and can even make you sound stupid.",
"The amount of speaking errors you can make are endless. There are situations where these “errors” can be used effectively. But 90% of the time, they are just wasteful. Here are twelve I’m trying to overcome:",
"Um’s and Ah’s. When you are temporarily lost for words, do you take a brief pause or insert an “um” into dead air. In public speaking these filler sounds are known as crutch words. If you’ve ever watched a TV show, you’ll notice that these crutch words are missing from dialog. There’s a reason: crutch words make you sound dumb.",
"“You know” & Like. Close cousins to the crutch words are the infamous “like” and “you know”. I rarely use these two, but I have friends that can’t go three sentences without appending a “like” to the beginning of a sentence. Not good if you want people to take what you say seriously.",
"Not Taking Enough Pauses. Are you the kind of person who has 30-minute uninterrupted monologues? Taking pauses in your speaking allows you to emphasize key points. If you avoid pauses, it makes you more difficult to follow and sound less assertive.",
"Curse Words. Dropping the occasional f-bomb can add a double underline to what you need to say. But too often it’s just wasteful and offensive. I’ll admit that I can be bad for this, depending on the group I’m with. Reducing this is something I’d like to focus on.",
"Using $10 Words. Don’t use big words when simpler words can do. One of the disadvantages of having a big vocabulary is you feel the desire to inflict it on everybody. Great speakers use shorter words when they fill the same purpose as a large one. (I’ll admit my writing could probably use a better application of this rule as well)",
"Talking Too Fast. Unless you are announcing an auction, you don’t need to talk quickly. Talking to quickly shows that you lack confidence in yourself, otherwise you wouldn’t worry about people interrupting you for talking to slowly.",
"Dragging Out Stories. Unless I know what you’re trying to say within the first 15 seconds, I’ll tune you out. Starting your stories with lengthy preambles will cause people to lose interest.",
"Self-Bashing. Self-effacing humor can be funny. But where do you draw the line between lightening the mood and showing you lack confidence? Unless it works into a great joke, informing people of your flaws is only good for highlighting them.",
"Bragging. Self-bashing’s ugly cousin. Bragging doesn’t make you seem confident. It makes you seem like a jackass. Truly confident people don’t feel the urge to trumpet their accomplishments. Let other people brag about you, don’t do it for them.",
"Not Focusing on One Conversation. If you are having a conversation, focus on the other person. Don’t think about what you need to do the next day. Don’t think about other people you want to talk with. Don’t just wait for your turn to speak. If you focus and listen, other people will do the same.",
"Forgetting Who Knows Who. Don’t tell a story about your friend Brad if the person you’re talking with doesn’t know Brad. If I need to know who Brad is to understand why the story is interesting, don’t bother sharing.",
"Talking Too Much About Yourself. Unlike the first 11, this one is true only in excess. Talking about yourself can be a great way to connect with others. But if you spend more than 2/3 of your time chatting about yourself, it only shows you’re self-centered.",
"The problem with fixing most of these speaking glitches is that they happen automatically. The errors creep into your conversations before you realize it. Unless you actually counted it, you’d probably be amazed at the amount of times you say “um” or “ah” in a twenty minute conversation.",
"Simply trying to use willpower to curb these errors isn’t enough. Getting rid of these errors from your day-to-day communication requires a completely different approach.",
"My first reaction to fix these speaking errors was to use a 30 Day Trial. This is my default method for changing habits, and I assumed it would work here as well. Unfortunately, after a few failed trials, I realized that this approach wouldn’t work. The chance of making a mistake was too high to commit for 30 Days. While it isn’t too hard to commit to going to the gym for a month, it is painfully difficult to try to avoid any verbal crutches for the entire 30 days.",
"In the last few weeks, however, I’ve been experimenting with a better method. Piecing together this method from great improvement thinkers like Tim Ferriss and Tony Robbins, I call them rubber band trials.",
"My current trial is to remove um’s and ah’s from my speech. The first day of my trial I had to switch the band between wrists twice. The furthest I’ve gone is six days without making a glitch. I’m up to four on my current run.",
"This method works well for targeting communication because it is hard not to forget the rubber band. Whenever you catch yourself making an error, you can easily switch the band over. Considering how common many of these errors are, it will probably take a few days before you learn how to keep them from slipping out.",
"I’m still doing a lot of experimenting with this technique, so it will probably be a few months before I can provide any comprehensive advice on the method. But, so far it seems promising as a way to debug how you talk, listen and think.",
"Once you start a rubber band trial, you become acutely aware of how many communication errors most people make. Within a few days of the trial beginning, I could point out every “um” or “ah” made in a conversation. When you realize how many of these little glitches you make constantly, the goal of improved communication becomes much more important.",
"I'm a writer, programmer, traveler and avid reader of interesting things. For the last ten years I've been experimenting to find out how to learn and think better. I don't promise I have all the answers, just a place to start."
]
},
"parsed_md": "12 Speaking Errors That Make You Sound Dumb | Scott H Young\n\nScott H Young\n\nLearn faster, achieve more\n\nMy new book, ULTRALEARNING is now available.\n\nLearn More\n\n# 12 Speaking Errors That Make You Sound Dumb\n\nMarch, 2008\n\nNo comments\n\n| Comments\n\n| Share\n\nRecently I’ve taken on a daunting personal challenge: completely debugging my\nspeaking habits. Not just public speaking on stage, but fixing glitches when I\ntalk during conversations. These speaking glitches may seem minor, but when\nthey add up, they make you harder to understand, less assertive and can even\nmake you sound stupid.\n\n## The Big 12 Speaking Errors\n\nThe amount of speaking errors you can make are endless. There are situations\nwhere these “errors” can be used effectively. But 90% of the time, they are\njust wasteful. Here are twelve I’m trying to overcome:\n\n 1. Um’s and Ah’s. When you are temporarily lost for words, do you take a brief pause or insert an “um” into dead air. In public speaking these filler sounds are known as crutch words. If you’ve ever watched a TV show, you’ll notice that these crutch words are missing from dialog. There’s a reason: crutch words make you sound dumb.\n 2. “You know” & Like. Close cousins to the crutch words are the infamous “like” and “you know”. I rarely use these two, but I have friends that can’t go three sentences without appending a “like” to the beginning of a sentence. Not good if you want people to take what you say seriously.\n 3. Not Taking Enough Pauses. Are you the kind of person who has 30-minute uninterrupted monologues? Taking pauses in your speaking allows you to emphasize key points. If you avoid pauses, it makes you more difficult to follow and sound less assertive.\n 4. Curse Words. Dropping the occasional f-bomb can add a double underline to what you need to say. But too often it’s just wasteful and offensive. I’ll admit that I can be bad for this, depending on the group I’m with. Reducing this is something I’d like to focus on.\n 5. Using $10 Words. Don’t use big words when simpler words can do. One of the disadvantages of having a big vocabulary is you feel the desire to inflict it on everybody. Great speakers use shorter words when they fill the same purpose as a large one. (I’ll admit my writing could probably use a better application of this rule as well)\n 6. Talking Too Fast. Unless you are announcing an auction, you don’t need to talk quickly. Talking to quickly shows that you lack confidence in yourself, otherwise you wouldn’t worry about people interrupting you for talking to slowly.\n 7. Dragging Out Stories. Unless I know what you’re trying to say within the first 15 seconds, I’ll tune you out. Starting your stories with lengthy preambles will cause people to lose interest.\n 8. Self-Bashing. Self-effacing humor can be funny. But where do you draw the line between lightening the mood and showing you lack confidence? Unless it works into a great joke, informing people of your flaws is only good for highlighting them.\n 9. Bragging. Self-bashing’s ugly cousin. Bragging doesn’t make you seem confident. It makes you seem like a jackass. Truly confident people don’t feel the urge to trumpet their accomplishments. Let other people brag about you, don’t do it for them.\n 10. Not Focusing on One Conversation. If you are having a conversation, focus on the other person. Don’t think about what you need to do the next day. Don’t think about other people you want to talk with. Don’t just wait for your turn to speak. If you focus and listen, other people will do the same.\n 11. Forgetting Who Knows Who. Don’t tell a story about your friend Brad if the person you’re talking with doesn’t know Brad. If I need to know who Brad is to understand why the story is interesting, don’t bother sharing.\n 12. Talking Too Much About Yourself. Unlike the first 11, this one is true only in excess. Talking about yourself can be a great way to connect with others. But if you spend more than 2/3 of your time chatting about yourself, it only shows you’re self-centered.\n\n## Debugging the Errors\n\nThe problem with fixing most of these speaking glitches is that they happen\nautomatically. The errors creep into your conversations before you realize it.\nUnless you actually counted it, you’d probably be amazed at the amount of\ntimes you say “um” or “ah” in a twenty minute conversation.\n\nSimply trying to use willpower to curb these errors isn’t enough. Getting rid\nof these errors from your day-to-day communication requires a completely\ndifferent approach.\n\n## Normal Habit Changing Methods Don’t Work\n\nMy first reaction to fix these speaking errors was to use a 30 Day Trial. This\nis my default method for changing habits, and I assumed it would work here as\nwell. Unfortunately, after a few failed trials, I realized that this approach\nwouldn’t work. The chance of making a mistake was too high to commit for 30\nDays. While it isn’t too hard to commit to going to the gym for a month, it is\npainfully difficult to try to avoid any verbal crutches for the entire 30\ndays.\n\nIn the last few weeks, however, I’ve been experimenting with a better method.\nPiecing together this method from great improvement thinkers like Tim Ferriss\nand Tony Robbins, I call them rubber band trials.\n\n## Rubber Band Trials\n\nThe rubber band trial is fairly simple:\n\n 1. Keep a rubber band around your wrist.\n 2. Every time you make a communication error, you switch the rubber band onto your opposite wrist.\n 3. If you can go seven days with the band staying on the same wrist, you’re finished.\n\nMy current trial is to remove um’s and ah’s from my speech. The first day of\nmy trial I had to switch the band between wrists twice. The furthest I’ve gone\nis six days without making a glitch. I’m up to four on my current run.\n\nThis method works well for targeting communication because it is hard not to\nforget the rubber band. Whenever you catch yourself making an error, you can\neasily switch the band over. Considering how common many of these errors are,\nit will probably take a few days before you learn how to keep them from\nslipping out.\n\nI’m still doing a lot of experimenting with this technique, so it will\nprobably be a few months before I can provide any comprehensive advice on the\nmethod. But, so far it seems promising as a way to debug how you talk, listen\nand think.\n\n## The Goal of Improved Communication\n\nOnce you start a rubber band trial, you become acutely aware of how many\ncommunication errors most people make. Within a few days of the trial\nbeginning, I could point out every “um” or “ah” made in a conversation. When\nyou realize how many of these little glitches you make constantly, the goal of\nimproved communication becomes much more important.\n\n### Best Articles\n\n * Best Learning\n * Best Habits\n * Best Goal Setting\n * Best Life Philosophy\n * Best Career\n * Best Feeling Better\n * Best Thinking Better\n * Best Productivity\n * Best Books\n\n### Related Articles\n\nFacebookTwitterEmailPrint\n\nFiled Under: Learning, Social Skills Tagged With: social\n\nPrevious Article\n\nFull Archive\n\nNext Article\n\n#### Follow\n\n#### About Scott\n\nI'm a writer, programmer, traveler and avid reader of interesting things. For\nthe last ten years I've been experimenting to find out how to learn and think\nbetter. I don't promise I have all the answers, just a place to start.\n\nMore About MeContact Me\n\n#### Pages\n\n * Recent\n * Ultralearning\n * Articles\n * Challenges\n * Products\n * Podcast\n * Free Newsletter\n\n#### AS SEEN IN\n\n© 2006-2021 ScottHYoung.com Services Ltd. · All Rights Reserved · Privacy\nPolicy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/speech/tips.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014856/http://teacher.scholastic.com/writewit/speech/tips.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Writing with Writers: Speech Writing",
"passages": [
"Scholastic asked some expert political speechwriters to tell YOU the secrets of writing a speech that wins a crowd. Here are their tips:",
"Pick Your Main Ideas Don't try to put too many ideas into your speech. Research shows that people remember very little from speeches, so just give them one or two ideas to hang onto. Remember, you only have one minute for your speech!",
"Write Like You Talk Remember that you're writing a speech, not an essay. People will hear the speech, not read it. The more conversational you can make it sound, the better. So try these tips:",
"You don't have to follow all the rules of written English grammar. \"Like this. See? Got it? Hope so.\" Your English teacher might be horrified, but people don't always talk in complete sentences with verbs and nouns. So try to write like people talk.",
"Always read your speech aloud while you're writing it. You'll hear right away if you sound like a book or a real person talking!",
"Use Concrete Words and Examples Concrete details keep people interested. For instance, which is more effective? A vague sentence like \"Open play spaces for children's sports are in short supply.\" Or the more concrete \"We need more baseball and soccer fields for our kids.\"",
"Get Your Facts Together You want people to believe that you know what you're talking about! So you'll need to do some research. For instance, let's say your big issue is the environment. You promise to pass a law that says all new cars must run on electricity, not gas. That will cut down on air pollution! But it would help if you had a few facts: How much bad air does one car create each year? How many new cars are sold in the U.S. every year? So how much will pollution be cut every year? Use the library or the Internet to do research. Your new policy proposal will sound really strong if you have the facts to back it up.",
"There are many issues you can talk about at your inauguration. How do you pick one? A good idea is to look inside yourself and find out what you feel very deeply about. Maybe it's the environment. Or maybe you care about stopping war. Or you feel passionate that all schools should have more art and music classes. Or you feel that downloading music on the Internet should be free! Your issue should reflect who you are and what you care about.",
"Persuade With a Classic Structure In a speech where you're trying to persuade someone, the classic structure is called \"Problem-Solution.\" In the first part of your speech you say, \"Here's a problem, here's why things are so terrible.\" Then, in the second part of your speech you say, \"Here's what we can do to make things better.\" Sometimes it helps to persuade people if you have statistics or other facts in your speech. And sometimes you can persuade people by quoting someone else that the audience likes and respects.",
"Simplify After you've written a first draft of your speech, go back and look for words you can cut. Cutting words in the speech can make your points more clear. One speechwriter for a U.S. Senator has a sign above her desk that says: \"Fewer Words = Clearer Point.\" It helps her remember to always simplify a speech by cutting out words."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Writing with Writers: Speech Writing - Tips from the Pros\n\n| | Tips From the Pros| Previous| Next \n---|---|--- \n \nScholastic asked some expert political speechwriters to tell YOU the secrets\nof writing a speech that wins a crowd. Here are their tips:\n\nPick Your Main Ideas Don't try to put too many ideas into your speech.\nResearch shows that people remember very little from speeches, so just give\nthem one or two ideas to hang onto. Remember, you only have one minute for\nyour speech!\n\nWrite Like You Talk Remember that you're writing a speech, not an essay.\nPeople will hear the speech, not read it. The more conversational you can make\nit sound, the better. So try these tips:\n\n * Use short sentences. It's better to write two simple sentences than one long, complicated sentence.\n * Use contractions. Say \"I'm\" instead of \"I; am\" \"we're\" instead of \"we; are.\"\n * Don't use big words that you wouldn't use when talking to someone.\n * You don't have to follow all the rules of written English grammar. \"Like this. See? Got it? Hope so.\" Your English teacher might be horrified, but people don't always talk in complete sentences with verbs and nouns. So try to write like people talk.\n * Always read your speech aloud while you're writing it. You'll hear right away if you sound like a book or a real person talking!\n\nUse Concrete Words and Examples Concrete details keep people interested. For\ninstance, which is more effective? A vague sentence like \"Open play spaces for\nchildren's sports are in short supply.\" Or the more concrete \"We need more\nbaseball and soccer fields for our kids.\"\n\nGet Your Facts Together You want people to believe that you know what you're\ntalking about! So you'll need to do some research. For instance, let's say\nyour big issue is the environment. You promise to pass a law that says all new\ncars must run on electricity, not gas. That will cut down on air pollution!\nBut it would help if you had a few facts: How much bad air does one car create\neach year? How many new cars are sold in the U.S. every year? So how much will\npollution be cut every year? Use the library or the Internet to do research.\nYour new policy proposal will sound really strong if you have the facts to\nback it up.\n\nThere are many issues you can talk about at your inauguration. How do you pick\none? A good idea is to look inside yourself and find out what you feel very\ndeeply about. Maybe it's the environment. Or maybe you care about stopping\nwar. Or you feel passionate that all schools should have more art and music\nclasses. Or you feel that downloading music on the Internet should be free!\nYour issue should reflect who you are and what you care about.\n\nPersuade With a Classic Structure In a speech where you're trying to persuade\nsomeone, the classic structure is called \"Problem-Solution.\" In the first part\nof your speech you say, \"Here's a problem, here's why things are so terrible.\"\nThen, in the second part of your speech you say, \"Here's what we can do to\nmake things better.\" Sometimes it helps to persuade people if you have\nstatistics or other facts in your speech. And sometimes you can persuade\npeople by quoting someone else that the audience likes and respects.\n\nSimplify After you've written a first draft of your speech, go back and look\nfor words you can cut. Cutting words in the speech can make your points more\nclear. One speechwriter for a U.S. Senator has a sign above her desk that\nsays: \"Fewer Words = Clearer Point.\" It helps her remember to always simplify\na speech by cutting out words.\n\nPrevious| Next \n---|---\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.fastcompany.com:80/3051834/know-it-all/these-six-filler-words-are-undermining-your-credibility",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160908082047/http://www.fastcompany.com:80/3051834/know-it-all/these-six-filler-words-are-undermining-your-credibility",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "These Six Filler Words Are Undermining Your Credibility",
"passages": [
"Industry leaders offer a glimpse of their lives outside of the office--and how these experiences have helped to get them where they are today.",
"Creative dialogue can reinvent your business, your brand, and your career. Join Fast Company on a multi-platform exploration of the art of conversation.",
"Computers are getting smart--very smart. Fast Company explains the complex and increasingly influential world of artificial intelligence and machine learning.",
"Since the emergence of modern English, its speakers have struggled to use it in order to get to their points. (Just see Shakespeare's Polonius for proof.) But these days, one of the biggest obstacles to forthright communication are pause words—filler expressions that weigh down sentences and water down meaning. And typically we don't even know when we're using them. Here are six of the most common filler words to start cutting out of your conversations.",
"\"The sky is actually blue.\" Well, is it blue or is it not blue? It’s blue—contrails, chemtrails, and natural clouds aside. \"Actually\" is mere filler, a pause word that a user plugs into a sentence while he or she is thinking of what to say next, or to reinforce the obvious. But the obvious needs no reinforcing.",
"This one has been lampooned since at least the '80s, as a defining feature of \"valley girl\" slang, but it's now a part of the way virtually all of us communicate. \"Like\" may now have the dubious honor of being the most often uttered, useless term in our lexicon.",
"So it's worth remembering that \"like\" really means that something is similar to something else. At least a trillion times a day, we hear \"like\" spill from the lips of almost anyone under 40. But just because it's so common doesn't mean it isn't a liability, weakening your argument by suggesting that the thing you said is \"like\" something else isn't the thing itself—even when it is.",
"\"One of the biggest obstacles to forthright communication are pause words—filler expressions that weigh down sentences and water down meaning.\"",
"No, we don’t know this or that, but when someone punctuates an expression with \"you know,\" you realize just how much you don’t really know. Just think about the fact that when you plug \"actually,\" \"like,\" and \"you know\" into a standard sentence, and use each word more than once, your sentences can get long and breathless fast. And there's no surer way to make sure your listener doesn't know what you mean than by using lots of words that mean nothing at all, quickly and repeatedly.",
"Despite being little more than an unadorned vowel sound, this tiny pause word is the king of all pause words. It's the stepping stone we tend to use to help us skip from one thought to the next. But just because it's so unassuming doesn't mean it can't do real damage. Listening to someone saying \"ah\" or \"uh\" repeatedly makes them sound unsure of themselves. And it's tough to be confident of someone else's message if they don't sound confident of it in the first place.",
"In recent remarks commending three men for routing a gunman on a train in France, President Obama leaned heavily on \"ah\" and \"you know.\" He was speaking without notes or the aid of a teleprompter, but those pause words made him sound rather indirect and plodding.",
"It's hard to blame him. Speaking off the cuff isn't easy, and we sometimes need time to find our next thought. But using filler syllables and phrases isn't always the best way to bridge the gap.",
"Now, there's nothing wrong with \"the,\" the English language's definite article. We'd be hard-pressed to get very specific without it. But in speech, it can quickly wreak havoc. Instead of denoting the particular noun that it precedes, \"the\" can sometimes produce the opposite effect, as though the speaker is searching for that very thing and can't seem to call it up.",
"A close cousin of actually, \"really\" is often more than a just pause word. It can be misconstrued as casting doubt on what someone's just said. We tend to use it when what we really need is a good, descriptive adjective but the right one doesn't come to mind: \"You really played a really good game today.\" Worse still, we'll often repeat \"really\" in the same sentence or phrase, as if to make sure the listener is aware of the reality of the assertion. But it often has the reverse effect.",
"These six pause words are hardly the only verbal tics we need to cut from our lexicon, but they're the major offenders. Each of them casts doubt on our intended meaning, drags things out, and erodes listeners' trust. You know?",
"Mike Harris has been a writer, editor, and publisher in Silicon Valley since the days of the IBM Selectric II. He has created and shaped copy for print and the web, working for companies such as IBM, Reputation.com, Yahoo!, UNISYS, Avant! Corporation, Magellan GPS, and Oracle, among others."
]
},
"parsed_md": "These Six Filler Words Are Undermining Your Credibility | Fast Company |\nBusiness + Innovation\n\nCollections\n\n * ### The Most Innovative Companies\n\nThe top 50 companies in entertainment, media, sports, technology, and more.\n\n * ### Most Creative People\n\nMeet this year's inspiring leaders.\n\n * ### Innovation By Design\n\nA showcase for ingenious design solutions.\n\n * ### World Changing Ideas\n\nNew workplaces, new food sources, new medicine—even an entirely new economic\nsystem.\n\n * ### Style Revolution\n\nThese innovators are turning the fashion world upside down. Created for and\ncommissioned by Infiniti.\n\n * ### Fashion Forward\n\nThe creators, innovators, and disruptors who are rethinking the way we\ninteract with fashion.\n\n * ### Out of Office With\n\nIndustry leaders offer a glimpse of their lives outside of the office--and how\nthese experiences have helped to get them where they are today.\n\n * ### Creative Conversations\n\nCreative dialogue can reinvent your business, your brand, and your career.\nJoin Fast Company on a multi-platform exploration of the art of conversation.\n\n * ### Mind and Machine\n\nComputers are getting smart--very smart. Fast Company explains the complex and\nincreasingly influential world of artificial intelligence and machine\nlearning.\n\n * ### It’s Good Not To Be Home\n\nA collaboration to elevate and enhance the Hyatt Regency hotel experience.\n\n * ### Master Class\n\nHow the top talent from creative fields get work done.\n\n * ### Fast Forward\n\nCreated for and commissioned by Workday.\n\n * ### Startup Report\n\nThe up-and-coming companies that are disrupting industries.\n\nCurrent Issue\n\nSubscribe\n\n### Follow Fast Company\n\nWe’ll come to you.\n\n3 minute read\n\nKnow It All\n\n# These Six Filler Words Are Undermining Your Credibility\n\n##\n\nSome expressions can like really screw up the way you communicate, you know?\n\n[Photo: Flickr user Chris Gilmore]\n\nMike Harris 10.06.15 5:00 AM\n\nSince the emergence of modern English, its speakers have struggled to use it\nin order to get to their points. (Just see Shakespeare's Polonius for proof.)\nBut these days, one of the biggest obstacles to forthright communication are\npause words—filler expressions that weigh down sentences and water down\nmeaning. And typically we don't even know when we're using them. Here are six\nof the most common filler words to start cutting out of your conversations.\n\n#### 1\\. Actually\n\n\"The sky is actually blue.\" Well, is it blue or is it not blue? It’s\nblue—contrails, chemtrails, and natural clouds aside. \"Actually\" is mere\nfiller, a pause word that a user plugs into a sentence while he or she is\nthinking of what to say next, or to reinforce the obvious. But the obvious\nneeds no reinforcing.\n\n#### 2\\. Like\n\nThis one has been lampooned since at least the '80s, as a defining feature of\n\"valley girl\" slang, but it's now a part of the way virtually all of us\ncommunicate. \"Like\" may now have the dubious honor of being the most often\nuttered, useless term in our lexicon.\n\nSo it's worth remembering that \"like\" really means that something is similar\nto something else. At least a trillion times a day, we hear \"like\" spill from\nthe lips of almost anyone under 40. But just because it's so common doesn't\nmean it isn't a liability, weakening your argument by suggesting that the\nthing you said is \"like\" something else isn't the thing itself—even when it\nis.\n\n\"One of the biggest obstacles to forthright communication are pause\nwords—filler expressions that weigh down sentences and water down meaning.\"\n\nAfter all, if everything is like everything else, is there nothing that's\ndifferent?\n\n#### 3\\. You Know\n\nNo, we don’t know this or that, but when someone punctuates an expression with\n\"you know,\" you realize just how much you don’t really know. Just think about\nthe fact that when you plug \"actually,\" \"like,\" and \"you know\" into a standard\nsentence, and use each word more than once, your sentences can get long and\nbreathless fast. And there's no surer way to make sure your listener doesn't\nknow what you mean than by using lots of words that mean nothing at all,\nquickly and repeatedly.\n\n#### 4\\. Ah/Uh\n\nDespite being little more than an unadorned vowel sound, this tiny pause word\nis the king of all pause words. It's the stepping stone we tend to use to help\nus skip from one thought to the next. But just because it's so unassuming\ndoesn't mean it can't do real damage. Listening to someone saying \"ah\" or \"uh\"\nrepeatedly makes them sound unsure of themselves. And it's tough to be\nconfident of someone else's message if they don't sound confident of it in the\nfirst place.\n\n\"The obvious needs no reinforcing.\"\n\nIn recent remarks commending three men for routing a gunman on a train in\nFrance, President Obama leaned heavily on \"ah\" and \"you know.\" He was speaking\nwithout notes or the aid of a teleprompter, but those pause words made him\nsound rather indirect and plodding.\n\nIt's hard to blame him. Speaking off the cuff isn't easy, and we sometimes\nneed time to find our next thought. But using filler syllables and phrases\nisn't always the best way to bridge the gap.\n\n#### 5\\. The\n\nNow, there's nothing wrong with \"the,\" the English language's definite\narticle. We'd be hard-pressed to get very specific without it. But in speech,\nit can quickly wreak havoc. Instead of denoting the particular noun that it\nprecedes, \"the\" can sometimes produce the opposite effect, as though the\nspeaker is searching for that very thing and can't seem to call it up.\n\n#### 6\\. Really\n\nA close cousin of actually, \"really\" is often more than a just pause word. It\ncan be misconstrued as casting doubt on what someone's just said. We tend to\nuse it when what we really need is a good, descriptive adjective but the right\none doesn't come to mind: \"You really played a really good game today.\" Worse\nstill, we'll often repeat \"really\" in the same sentence or phrase, as if to\nmake sure the listener is aware of the reality of the assertion. But it often\nhas the reverse effect.\n\nThese six pause words are hardly the only verbal tics we need to cut from our\nlexicon, but they're the major offenders. Each of them casts doubt on our\nintended meaning, drags things out, and erodes listeners' trust. You know?\n\nMike Harris has been a writer, editor, and publisher in Silicon Valley since\nthe days of the IBM Selectric II. He has created and shaped copy for print and\nthe web, working for companies such as IBM, Reputation.com, Yahoo!, UNISYS,\nAvant! Corporation, Magellan GPS, and Oracle, among others.\n\n * share\n * skip\n * more\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.engvid.com/english-resource/50-tongue-twisters-improve-pronunciation/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518081406/https://www.engvid.com/english-resource/50-tongue-twisters-improve-pronunciation/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "50 Tongue Twisters to improve pronunciation in English · engVid",
"passages": [
"Tongue twisters are a great way to practice and improve pronunciation and fluency. They can also help to improve accents by using alliteration, which is the repetition of one sound. They’re not just for kids, but are also used by actors, politicians, and public speakers who want to sound clear when speaking. Below, you will find some of the most popular English tongue twisters. Say them as quickly as you can. If you can master them, you will be a much more confident speaker.",
"Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers Where’s the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?",
"Betty Botter bought some butter But she said the butter’s bitter If I put it in my batter, it will make my batter bitter But a bit of better butter will make my batter better So ‘twas better Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter",
"How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, and chuck as much wood As a woodchuck would if a woodchuck could chuck wood",
"I have got a date at a quarter to eight; I’ll see you at the gate, so don’t be late",
"Improve your Accent: Tongue Twisters How to sound like a native speaker: THE SECRET 3 tips for sounding like a native speaker Learn English with 5 Jokes Pronunciation Tricks – The Magic E",
"Learn English for free with 1696 video lessons by experienced native-speaker teachers. Classes cover English grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, IELTS, TOEFL, and more. Join millions of ESL students worldwide who are improving their English every day with engVid."
]
},
"parsed_md": "50 Tongue Twisters to improve pronunciation in English · engVid\n\n * Home\n * All Lessons\n * Topics\n\n * business english\n * comprehension\n * culture & tips\n * expressions\n * grammar\n * IELTS\n * pronunciation\n * slang\n * speaking\n * TOEFL\n * TOEIC\n * vocabulary\n * writing\n * Teachers\n\n * Adam\n * Alex\n * Benjamin\n * Emma\n * Gill\n * Jade\n * James\n * Rebecca\n * Ronnie\n * Resources\n\n# 50 Tongue Twisters to improve pronunciation in English\n\nby Alex\n\nTongue twisters are a great way to practice and improve pronunciation and\nfluency. They can also help to improve accents by using alliteration, which is\nthe repetition of one sound. They’re not just for kids, but are also used by\nactors, politicians, and public speakers who want to sound clear when\nspeaking. Below, you will find some of the most popular English tongue\ntwisters. Say them as quickly as you can. If you can master them, you will be\na much more confident speaker.\n\n 1. Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers A peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked If Peter Piper picked a peck of pickled peppers Where’s the peck of pickled peppers Peter Piper picked?\n 2. Betty Botter bought some butter But she said the butter’s bitter If I put it in my batter, it will make my batter bitter But a bit of better butter will make my batter better So ‘twas better Betty Botter bought a bit of better butter\n 3. How much wood would a woodchuck chuck if a woodchuck could chuck wood? He would chuck, he would, as much as he could, and chuck as much wood As a woodchuck would if a woodchuck could chuck wood\n 4. She sells seashells by the seashore\n 5. How can a clam cram in a clean cream can?\n 6. I scream, you scream, we all scream for ice cream\n 7. I saw Susie sitting in a shoeshine shop\n 8. Susie works in a shoeshine shop. Where she shines she sits, and where she sits she shines\n 9. Fuzzy Wuzzy was a bear. Fuzzy Wuzzy had no hair. Fuzzy Wuzzy wasn’t fuzzy, was he?\n 10. Can you can a can as a canner can can a can?\n 11. I have got a date at a quarter to eight; I’ll see you at the gate, so don’t be late\n 12. You know New York, you need New York, you know you need unique New York\n 13. I saw a kitten eating chicken in the kitchen\n 14. If a dog chews shoes, whose shoes does he choose?\n 15. I thought I thought of thinking of thanking you\n 16. I wish to wash my Irish wristwatch\n 17. Near an ear, a nearer ear, a nearly eerie ear\n 18. Eddie edited it\n 19. Willie’s really weary\n 20. A big black bear sat on a big black rug\n 21. Tom threw Tim three thumbtacks\n 22. He threw three free throws\n 23. Nine nice night nurses nursing nicely\n 24. So, this is the sushi chef\n 25. Four fine fresh fish for you\n 26. Wayne went to wales to watch walruses\n 27. Six sticky skeletons (x3)\n 28. Which witch is which? (x3)\n 29. Snap crackle pop (x3)\n 30. Flash message (x3)\n 31. Red Buick, blue Buick (x3)\n 32. Red lorry, yellow lorry (x3)\n 33. Thin sticks, thick bricks (x3)\n 34. Stupid superstition (x3)\n 35. Eleven benevolent elephants (x3)\n 36. Two tried and true tridents (x3)\n 37. Rolling red wagons (x3)\n 38. Black back bat (x3)\n 39. She sees cheese (x3)\n 40. Truly rural (x3)\n 41. Good blood, bad blood (x3)\n 42. Pre-shrunk silk shirts (x3)\n 43. Ed had edited it. (x3)\n 44. We surely shall see the sun shine soon\n 45. Which wristwatches are Swiss wristwatches?\n 46. Fred fed Ted bread, and Ted fed Fred bread\n 47. I slit the sheet, the sheet I slit, and on the slitted sheet I sit\n 48. A skunk sat on a stump and thunk the stump stunk, but the stump thunk the skunk stunk\n 49. Lesser leather never weathered wetter weather better\n 50. Of all the vids I’ve ever viewed, I’ve never viewed a vid as valued as Alex’s engVid vid\n\nRelated\n\nImprove your Accent: Tongue Twisters How to sound like a native speaker: THE\nSECRET 3 tips for sounding like a native speaker Learn English with 5 Jokes\nPronunciation Tricks – The Magic E\n\nmore...\n\nLearn English for free with 1696 video lessons by experienced native-speaker\nteachers. Classes cover English grammar, vocabulary, pronunciation, IELTS,\nTOEFL, and more. Join millions of ESL students worldwide who are improving\ntheir English every day with engVid.\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\nSupport engVid\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://lifehacker.com/how-can-i-avoid-filler-words-like-um-when-i-talk-1520174263",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518203017/https://lifehacker.com/how-can-i-avoid-filler-words-like-um-when-i-talk-1520174263",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Can I Avoid Filler Words Like \"Um\" When I Talk?",
"passages": [
"Dear Lifehacker, I have a tendency to use a lot of filler words when I talk, like \"um\" and \"like\"...and I've recently realized how bad it sounds, especially during presentations at work. How can I train myself to eliminate these from my speech?",
"Dear Smoother, This problem is more common than you may think, and the fact that you've realized it—and want to fix it—is great. It's cliché, but the first step is admitting you have a problem!",
"In general, we use filler words like \"um\" and \"like\" because we're thinking. Maybe we're searching for the right word, or we need to stop and formulate our next sentence. Often we use them to indicate that we're going to talk, whether or not we have something to say at that very moment. Your specific reasons may be different from someone else's, but here are a few general tips that should help you minimize all that filler.",
"Let's start by saying: don't fret over this too much. The more stressed you get by it, the more anxious and nervous you're going to sound, which is really what we're trying to get away from in the first place. It's okay to let a few filler words slip out. After all, it's a natural part of speaking. No one's going to think less of you if you say \"um\" once in awhile. The goal is to avoid saying it every three words. Take your hands out of your pockets, untense your shoulders, and let yourself relax a bit.",
"We all use um's and uh's as speech filler when we're trying to find the right word or when we're...",
"If you're having a conversation or debate with someone and you jump in as soon as possible, you're probably going to use more filler words. Instead, pause to think out your next statement before you speak. You may need to become a bit more comfortable with silence, but it can help reduce those filler words. The Harvard Extension Blog says it like this: pause, think, answer.",
"Pauses don't always help, though. The Art of Manliness notes a study that found pauses didn't improve an audience's perception of a speaker. We wouldn't say this is a hard and fast rule—after all, the study only looked at a caller on a radio show, not an in-person conversation—but it seems logical. Constantly worrying about your \"ums\" and \"likes\" when you talk will only stress you out. All in all, we'd say go ahead and replace those filler words with pauses if you can—but don't stress yourself out about it. The best pause you can make is the one before you start speaking.",
"This goes along with the last tip, but it bears mention: don't be afraid to slow down a bit. If you talk too fast, you're likely to get a little tongue- tied, especially if you haven't quite figured out what you're going to say next. If your mouth moves faster than your brain, you're going to use a lot more filler words. If you slow down, you'll not only cut out the filler, but you'll be much more understandable, which is crucial if you're giving a speech or presentation.",
"Next, set aside some time to listen to yourself talk and try to figure out where your filler words are most common. Some people recommend recording yourself, but it's hard to get an accurate view of your speech in such a controlled situation. Still, it may work for you. Others recommend putting a rubber band on your wrist and switching it every time you catch yourself saying \"um.\" You could even have a friend listen to you and raise their hand every time they hear you stumble, which would help you catch on very quickly.",
"Of course, these are all situations in which you're constantly listening for those ums and stressing yourself out, so you wouldn't want to use them in normal conversation. It wouldn't hurt to set aside some time as \"practice,\" though—for example, our own Thorin Klosowski noticed that he used filler words most often when ordering at restaurants, which is a perfect time to practice.",
"In the end, the old saying holds true: the best way to get there is practice, practice, practice. Whether that means snapping yourself with the rubber band or just reminding yourself to slow down your speech more often, eventually it'll become less of a chore and more second nature.",
"If you're giving a presentation or speech, the same holds true: practice that speech as much as possible before you give it. Speeches actually have an advantage over regular conversation in that you can rehearse everything you're going to say: so use that practice time to learn your stuff backwards and forwards. The better you know your speech, the more confident you'll be and the less you'll stumble. Remember, even in a speech, the occasional um isn't the worst thing in the world—it's how people naturally speak.",
"A few days before I have to talk in front a lot of people, I get this queasy feeling in my stomach...",
"In the end, don't let yourself get too frustrated over this. As we said many times, the more stressed you are about it, the worse you'll probably make it—so just make a conscious (but not obsessive) effort to cut it down, and you'll be surprised how far that will take you. Most people won't notice or care about a few filler words here and there, so as long as you get it down to an acceptable level, there's no reason to stress yourself out. Good luck!",
"Agreed, adding pauses instead of filler words is a better option and just training yourself not to use those words (aka practice) will help! Personally, I really ought to do this for \"like\" as I use it far too much in both speaking and writing (when using a casual tone). Think of how more slowly and deliberately professional speakers (politicians come to mind) speak to avoid just this issue. :)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How Can I Avoid Filler Words Like \"Um\" When I Talk?\n\n * The A.V. Club\n * Deadspin\n * Gizmodo\n * Jalopnik\n * Jezebel\n * Kotaku\n * Lifehacker\n * The Root\n * The Takeout\n * The Onion\n * The Inventory\n\nDo everything better\n\nShopSubscribe\n\nDo everything better\n\n# How Can I Avoid Filler Words Like \"Um\" When I Talk?\n\nWhitson Gordon\n\n2/11/14 1:00PM\n\n87\n\n16\n\nDear Lifehacker, I have a tendency to use a lot of filler words when I talk,\nlike \"um\" and \"like\"...and I've recently realized how bad it sounds,\nespecially during presentations at work. How can I train myself to eliminate\nthese from my speech?\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSincerely, Smoother Speech\n\nDear Smoother, This problem is more common than you may think, and the fact\nthat you've realized it—and want to fix it—is great. It's cliché, but the\nfirst step is admitting you have a problem!\n\nIn general, we use filler words like \"um\" and \"like\" because we're thinking.\nMaybe we're searching for the right word, or we need to stop and formulate our\nnext sentence. Often we use them to indicate that we're going to talk, whether\nor not we have something to say at that very moment. Your specific reasons may\nbe different from someone else's, but here are a few general tips that should\nhelp you minimize all that filler.\n\n### First: Relax\n\nLet's start by saying: don't fret over this too much. The more stressed you\nget by it, the more anxious and nervous you're going to sound, which is really\nwhat we're trying to get away from in the first place. It's okay to let a few\nfiller words slip out. After all, it's a natural part of speaking. No one's\ngoing to think less of you if you say \"um\" once in awhile. The goal is to\navoid saying it every three words. Take your hands out of your pockets,\nuntense your shoulders, and let yourself relax a bit.\n\nG/O Media may get a commission\n\nExclusive for new customers\n\nCaliper CBD\n\nUse the promo code KINJATEN\n\n###### Take Your Hands Out of Your Pockets to Cut Um's and Uh's from Your\nSpeech\n\nWe all use um's and uh's as speech filler when we're trying to find the right\nword or when we're...\n\nRead more\n\n### Pause Before You Speak\n\nIf you're having a conversation or debate with someone and you jump in as soon\nas possible, you're probably going to use more filler words. Instead, pause to\nthink out your next statement before you speak. You may need to become a bit\nmore comfortable with silence, but it can help reduce those filler words. The\nHarvard Extension Blog says it like this: pause, think, answer.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nPauses don't always help, though. The Art of Manliness notes a study that\nfound pauses didn't improve an audience's perception of a speaker. We wouldn't\nsay this is a hard and fast rule—after all, the study only looked at a caller\non a radio show, not an in-person conversation—but it seems logical.\nConstantly worrying about your \"ums\" and \"likes\" when you talk will only\nstress you out. All in all, we'd say go ahead and replace those filler words\nwith pauses if you can—but don't stress yourself out about it. The best pause\nyou can make is the one before you start speaking.\n\n### Slow Down\n\nThis goes along with the last tip, but it bears mention: don't be afraid to\nslow down a bit. If you talk too fast, you're likely to get a little tongue-\ntied, especially if you haven't quite figured out what you're going to say\nnext. If your mouth moves faster than your brain, you're going to use a lot\nmore filler words. If you slow down, you'll not only cut out the filler, but\nyou'll be much more understandable, which is crucial if you're giving a speech\nor presentation.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Listen to Yourself\n\nNext, set aside some time to listen to yourself talk and try to figure out\nwhere your filler words are most common. Some people recommend recording\nyourself, but it's hard to get an accurate view of your speech in such a\ncontrolled situation. Still, it may work for you. Others recommend putting a\nrubber band on your wrist and switching it every time you catch yourself\nsaying \"um.\" You could even have a friend listen to you and raise their hand\nevery time they hear you stumble, which would help you catch on very quickly.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n###### Keep Track of Your \"Ums\" and \"Ahs\" to Improve Your Everyday Speech\n\nMost of us fill our conversations with a lot of filler. Whether it's \"um's,\"\n\"ah's,\" or \"like,\"...\n\nRead more\n\nOf course, these are all situations in which you're constantly listening for\nthose ums and stressing yourself out, so you wouldn't want to use them in\nnormal conversation. It wouldn't hurt to set aside some time as \"practice,\"\nthough—for example, our own Thorin Klosowski noticed that he used filler words\nmost often when ordering at restaurants, which is a perfect time to practice.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Practice, Practice, Practice\n\nIn the end, the old saying holds true: the best way to get there is practice,\npractice, practice. Whether that means snapping yourself with the rubber band\nor just reminding yourself to slow down your speech more often, eventually\nit'll become less of a chore and more second nature.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIf you're giving a presentation or speech, the same holds true: practice that\nspeech as much as possible before you give it. Speeches actually have an\nadvantage over regular conversation in that you can rehearse everything you're\ngoing to say: so use that practice time to learn your stuff backwards and\nforwards. The better you know your speech, the more confident you'll be and\nthe less you'll stumble. Remember, even in a speech, the occasional um isn't\nthe worst thing in the world—it's how people naturally speak.\n\n###### How I Beat My Fear of Public Speaking\n\nA few days before I have to talk in front a lot of people, I get this queasy\nfeeling in my stomach...\n\nRead more\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIn the end, don't let yourself get too frustrated over this. As we said many\ntimes, the more stressed you are about it, the worse you'll probably make\nit—so just make a conscious (but not obsessive) effort to cut it down, and\nyou'll be surprised how far that will take you. Most people won't notice or\ncare about a few filler words here and there, so as long as you get it down to\nan acceptable level, there's no reason to stress yourself out. Good luck!\n\nSincerely, Lifehacker\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### Share This Story\n\n#### Get our newsletter\n\n### DISCUSSION\n\nHeather Yamada-Hosley\n\n2/11/14 1:26PM\n\nAgreed, adding pauses instead of filler words is a better option and just\ntraining yourself not to use those words (aka practice) will help! Personally,\nI really ought to do this for \"like\" as I use it far too much in both speaking\nand writing (when using a casual tone). Think of how more slowly and\ndeliberately professional speakers (politicians come to mind) speak to avoid\njust this issue. :)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.write-out-loud.com/dictionexercises.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210510020718/https://www.write-out-loud.com/dictionexercises.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tongue Twisters to Speak Clearly",
"passages": [
"* All public speaking resources\n* Public speaking games ebook\n* Single public speaking games\n* Impromptu speech topic cards\n* Almost instant speeches\n1-1 help",
"* Letting go of fear - 7 part e-course\n* This too will pass - 7 part e-course\nChoosing the words",
"* How to read a poem\n* How to write a poem\n* Funeral or Eulogy\n* Poem podcasts\n* Wedding\nGiving the speech",
"* Essential tips\n* Acute anxiety help\n* Breathing exercises\n* Fight or flight\n* Letting go of fear - Free 7 part e-course\n* Using self-hypnosis\nPreparation",
"Because your speech content may be great, you may look fantastic, but unless your audience can easily UNDERSTAND what you're saying, your message is seriously compromised.",
"Good diction is NOT about changing your accent or making you 'talk posh'. It is about clarity - making sure what you say is heard and comprehended correctly.",
"Often tongue twisters are complete nonsense. As my father would say, total twaddle. Tripe. Gibberish and bunkum. They're that way because they're word combinations that have been put together purely for the way they make you work to say them clearly.",
"Tongue twisters have long been an integral part of a public speaker's tool kit. As well as being fun, they are extremely effective. Seize the opportunity and talk tosh, with aplomb!",
"As an additional exercise for improving your tongue's flexibility and agility add Mrs Tongue Does Her Housework to your practice session. These stretches will help enormously!",
"Betty bought a bit of butter, but she found the butter bitter, so Betty bought a bit of better butter to make the bitter butter better.",
"Bill had a billboard. Bill also had a board bill. The board bill bored Bill, So Bill sold his billboard And paid his board bill. Then the board bill No longer bored Bill, But though he had no board bill, Neither did he have his billboard!",
"Here's a small audio clip of me* saying those classic 'B' word tongue twisters: 'Betty Botter' and 'Bill had a billboard'. Click to play it.",
"Peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. If Peter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers, Where's the peck of pickled peppers that Peter Piper picked?",
"Theophilus Thistler, the thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve of unsifted thistles, thrust three thousand thistles through the thick of his thumb ...",
"Moses supposes his toeses* are roses, But Moses supposes erroneously, For nobody's toeses are posies of roses, As Moses supposes his toeses to be.",
"Ten tame tadpoles tucked tightly in a thin tall tin. Ten tame tadpoles tucked tightly in a thin tall tin ...",
"It's from the Major General's patter song and is guaranteed to make you work as it's the tongue's equivalent of a triathlon!",
"(I had a play with it too. You can listen to my effort if you wish. You'll find it below the words.)",
"'I am the very pattern of a modern Major-General; I've information vegetable, animal, and mineral; I know the Kings of England, and I quote the fights historical, From Marathon to Waterloo, in order categorical; I'm very well acquainted too with matters mathematical, I understand equations, both simple and quadratical, About binomial theorem I'm teeming with a lot o' news, With many cheerful facts about the square of the hypotenuse. I'm very good at integral and differential calculus, I know the scientific names of beings animalculous, In short, in matters vegetable, animal, and mineral, I am the very model of a modern Major-General.'",
"Now that the 'tip of your tongue, the teeth and the lips' have had a thorough work-out be sure to stop by the other essential public speaking tips pages.",
"Your mouth utters the words but do you know what secrets your body language is giving away? Click the link to teach yourself body language basics and perfectly align your message.",
"Make sure they're laughing WITH you, not AT you! Find out how to use humor effectively. Get all the benefits of using humor effectively: relax your audience ...",
"Maybe you are looking for great free word games to help develop confidence, creativity, spontaneity and fluency in your speaking? These are proven, effective and fun. Use them with small or large groups.",
"28 public speaking games (with many more variations and extensions), full instructions, PLUS printable topic, tongue twister, poem and image sheets."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Diction Exercises - Tongue Twisters to Speak Clearly\n\nProbably the best tagline in the world\n\n * Menu\n\n * Resources\n\n### Shop\n\n * All public speaking resources\n * Public speaking games ebook\n * Single public speaking games\n * Impromptu speech topic cards\n * Almost instant speeches\n\n### 1-1 help\n\n * Speech writing\n * Skype coaching\n\n### Free self-help\n\n * Letting go of fear - 7 part e-course\n * This too will pass - 7 part e-course\n\n * Choosing the words\n\n### Speech type\n\n * Acceptance\n * Birthday\n * Bridesmaid\n * Business\n * Christmas\n * Declamation\n * Demonstration\n * Engagement\n * Eulogy\n * Farewell\n\n### Speech type\n\n * Funny\n * Impromptu\n * Informative\n * Introduction\n * Persuasive\n * Retirement\n * Student council\n * Thank you\n * Tribute\n * Welcome\n\n### Speech examples\n\n * Sample speeches: listed alphabetically from birthday speeches through to welcome speeches.\n\n### Speech topics\n\n * Lists organised by age group, theme & speech type\n\n### Using humor\n\n * Effective humor\n * Verbal humor\n * Physical humor\n\n### Quotations\n\n * Birthday\n * Inspirational\n * Retirement\n * Thank you\n\n### Poems\n\n * How to read a poem\n * How to write a poem\n * Funeral or Eulogy\n * Poem podcasts\n * Wedding\n\n * Giving the speech\n\n### Beating fear\n\n * Essential tips\n * Acute anxiety help\n * Breathing exercises\n * Fight or flight\n * Letting go of fear - Free 7 part e-course\n * Using self-hypnosis\n\n### Preparation\n\n * Speech planning\n * Writing a speech\n * Rehearsing\n * Cue cards\n * How to use props\n\n### Activities & Games\n\n * Links to all public speaking activities and games\n\n### Delivery\n\n * Building rapport\n * Diction\n * Pronunciation\n * Vocal variety\n * Speaking rate\n * Using pauses\n * Voice image\n * Body language\n * Voice health\n\n * Everything else\n\n### Site info\n\n * About me/contact\n * Advertising\n * Privacy Policy\n * Share this site\n * Sitemap\n\n### What's new\n\n * Blogging Aloud\n\n### Newsletter\n\n * Speaking Out Loud\n\n### Your Pages\n\n * Eulogy examples\n * Public speaking search\n\n 1. HOME\n\n›\n\n 2. Voice image\n\n›\n\n 3. Vocal variety: diction (articulation) exercises\n\n# Diction exercises\n\n### \\- articulation drills to make sure they get your message\n\nBy: Susan Dugdale | Last modified: 04-17-2021\n\nWhy should you do diction exercises?\n\nBecause your speech content may be great, you may look fantastic, but unless\nyour audience can easily UNDERSTAND what you're saying, your message is\nseriously compromised.\n\nDiction exercises will help you learn how to speak clearly.\n\nAn athlete does warm-ups and stretches before an event: a singer does\nlikewise.\n\nThese drills are the speaker's warm-up equivalent. They prepare and train you\nto speak clearly, with ease.\n\n## The benefits of diction exercises or drills are:\n\n * strengthening and stretching the muscles involved in speech\n * bringing to your attention habitual speech patterns which may be less than perfect.\n\nGood diction is NOT about changing your accent or making you 'talk posh'. It\nis about clarity - making sure what you say is heard and comprehended\ncorrectly.\n\nThe most commonly known and used diction exercises are Tongue Twisters.\n\nThere are literally 'squillions' of them, each focusing on either a single\nletter, or a letter combination.\n\n### Seize the opportunity to talk tosh\n\nOften tongue twisters are complete nonsense. As my father would say, total\ntwaddle. Tripe. Gibberish and bunkum. They're that way because they're word\ncombinations that have been put together purely for the way they make you work\nto say them clearly.\n\nTongue twisters have long been an integral part of a public speaker's tool\nkit. As well as being fun, they are extremely effective. Seize the opportunity\nand talk tosh, with aplomb!\n\n## Diction Exercises: Tips & Tongue Twisters\n\n#### Tips for beginners\n\nClick the image to get the info!\n\n * Start slowly and carefully.\n * Make sure the start and end of each word is crisp.\n * Repeat the phrase, getting faster and faster while maintaining clarity. If you trip over words, stop and start again.\n * As an additional exercise for improving your tongue's flexibility and agility add Mrs Tongue Does Her Housework to your practice session. These stretches will help enormously!\n\n## Diction Exercises for 'B' words:\n\nBetty bought a bit of butter, but she found the butter bitter, so Betty bought\na bit of better butter to make the bitter butter better.\n\nBlue blood, black blood. Black bug, blue bug.\n\nBill had a billboard. Bill also had a board bill. The board bill bored Bill,\nSo Bill sold his billboard And paid his board bill. Then the board bill No\nlonger bored Bill, But though he had no board bill, Neither did he have his\nbillboard!\n\nHere's a small audio clip of me* saying those classic 'B' word tongue\ntwisters: 'Betty Botter' and 'Bill had a billboard'. Click to play it.\n\n*I'm a New Zealander. That's the accent you're hearing.\n\n### For 'D' words try:\n\nTwo dozen double damask dinner napkins, two dozen double damask dinner napkins\n...\n\nDo drop in at the Dewdrop Inn, do drop in at the Dewdrop Inn ...\n\nHow much dew could a dewdrop drop if a dewdrop did drop dew?\n\nDown the deep damp dark dank den, down the deep damp dark dank den ...\n\n## Diction Exercises for 'F' words:\n\nFour furious friends fought for the phone, four furious friends fought for the\nphone ...\n\nFive flippant Frenchmen fly from France for fashions, Five flippant Frenchmen\nfly from France for fashions ...\n\n### For 'H' words try:\n\nHow was Harry hastened so hurriedly from the hunt? How was Harry hastened so\nhurriedly from the hunt? ...\n\nIn Hertford, Hereford and Hampshire hurricanes hardly ever happen, In\nHertford, Hereford and Hampshire hurricanes hardly ever happen ...\n\n### 'J' word fun:\n\nJames just jostled Jean gently. James just jostled Jean gently ...\n\nJack the jailbird jacked a jeep. Jack the jailbird jacked a jeep ...\n\n## Diction Exercises for 'K' words:\n\nKiss her quick, kiss her quicker, kiss her quickest. Kiss her quick, kiss her\nquicker, kiss her quickest ...\n\nMy cutlery cuts keenly and cleanly. My cutlery cuts keenly and cleanly ...\n\n### 'L' words:\n\nLiterally literary. Literally literary ...\n\nLarry sent the latter a letter later. Larry sent the latter a letter later ...\n\nLucy lingered, looking longingly for her lost lap-dog. Lucy lingered, looking\nlongingly for her lost lap-dog ...\n\n## Diction Exercise for 'N' and 'U' sounds:\n\nYou know New York, You need New York, You know you need unique New York.\n\n## Diction Exercises for 'P' words:\n\nPeter piper picked a peck of pickled peppers. If Peter piper picked a peck of\npickled peppers, Where's the peck of pickled peppers that Peter Piper picked?\n\nPearls, please, pretty Penelope, Pretty Penelope, pretty Penelope, Pearls,\nplease, pretty Penelope, Pretty Penelope Pring ...\n\n### For 'Q' words:\n\nQuick kiss. Quicker kiss. Quickest kiss. Quick kiss. Quicker kiss. Quickest\nkiss ...\n\nThe quarrelsome Queen quaffed quickly and quietly. The quarrelsome Queen\nquaffed quickly and quietly.\n\n## For 'R' words:\n\nRound the rugged rocks the ragged rascal ran. Round the rugged rocks the\nragged rascal ran ...\n\nReading and writing are richly rewarding. Reading and writing are richly\nrewarding ...\n\n## Exercises for 'S' words:\n\nSix thick thistle sticks, Six thick thistle sticks ...\n\nTheophilus Thistler, the thistle sifter, in sifting a sieve of unsifted\nthistles, thrust three thousand thistles through the thick of his thumb ...\n\nThe shrewd shrew sold Sarah seven sliver fish slices ...\n\nSister Susie sat on the sea shore sewing shirts for sailors ...\n\nMoses supposes his toeses* are roses, But Moses supposes erroneously, For\nnobody's toeses are posies of roses, As Moses supposes his toeses to be.\n\n*Pronounce the word 'toeses' to rhyme with 'Moses'.\n\n### For 'T' words:\n\nTen tame tadpoles tucked tightly in a thin tall tin. Ten tame tadpoles tucked\ntightly in a thin tall tin ...\n\nTwo toads, totally tired, trying to trot to Tewkesbury. Two toads, totally\ntired, trying to trot to Tewkesbury.\n\n## For 'V' words:\n\nVincent vowed vengeance very vehemently. Vincent vowed vengeance very\nvehemently ...\n\nVera valued the valley violets. Vera valued the valley violets ...\n\n### And lastly, two especially for your tongue\n\nRed leather, yellow leather...\n\nRed lorry, yellow lorry...\n\n## And then, one more for good measure!\n\nThis comes from Gilbert and Sullivan's 1880 light opera \"The Pirates of\nPenzance\" .\n\nIt's from the Major General's patter song and is guaranteed to make you work\nas it's the tongue's equivalent of a triathlon!\n\nThe lyrics include many difficult combinations, impossible to get right unless\nyou articulate clearly. Have fun this excerpt.*\n\n(I had a play with it too. You can listen to my effort if you wish. You'll\nfind it below the words.)\n\n### I am the very model of modern Major General\n\n'I am the very pattern of a modern Major-General; I've information vegetable,\nanimal, and mineral; I know the Kings of England, and I quote the fights\nhistorical, From Marathon to Waterloo, in order categorical; I'm very well\nacquainted too with matters mathematical, I understand equations, both simple\nand quadratical, About binomial theorem I'm teeming with a lot o' news, With\nmany cheerful facts about the square of the hypotenuse. I'm very good at\nintegral and differential calculus, I know the scientific names of beings\nanimalculous, In short, in matters vegetable, animal, and mineral, I am the\nvery model of a modern Major-General.'\n\n#### Would you like to hear it?\n\nThis is me, Susan, having fun.\n\n*Click this link to read the complete lyrics.\n\n.\n\n### Do you teach or lead a public speaking group?\n\nYou could download 6 fun and effective articulation activities based on these\ntongue twisters for your class now.\n\nFor $5.95 you get full instructions for each activity, plus printable tongue\ntwister sheets.\n\nClick for more info & to check out a preview\n\n### For more on speech delivery & vocal variety\n\nNow that the 'tip of your tongue, the teeth and the lips' have had a thorough\nwork-out be sure to stop by the other essential public speaking tips pages.\n\nYou'll find information on:\n\n * developing vocal variety (particularly important if you're a Monotone Martha or Martin')\n * using flexible speech rates (great for slowing a motor-mouth)\n * the secrets of using silence effectively\n * and breathing exercises especially designed to overcome the anxiety of public speaking while strengthening your lung power!\n * Your mouth utters the words but do you know what secrets your body language is giving away? Click the link to teach yourself body language basics and perfectly align your message.\n * Make sure they're laughing WITH you, not AT you! Find out how to use humor effectively. Get all the benefits of using humor effectively: relax your audience ...\n\n### And then of course there's public speaking games!\n\nMaybe you are looking for great free word games to help develop confidence,\ncreativity, spontaneity and fluency in your speaking? These are proven,\neffective and fun. Use them with small or large groups.\n\nAnd if you lead a public speaking group and you're always on the look out for\nactivities ....\n\n#### You'll love my ebook!\n\n28 public speaking games (with many more variations and extensions), full\ninstructions, PLUS printable topic, tongue twister, poem and image sheets.\n\nA complete one-stop-select-print-go public speaking resource for busy people.\n\nTake a peek - find out more >> \n \n--- \n \n * Return to top of diction exercises page\n\n## Sign up for my free newsletter !\n\nFor more information, click here\n\n### Top 10 popular pages\n\n * Welcome speech\n * Demonstration speech topics\n * Impromptu speech topic cards\n * Thank you quotes\n * Impromptu public speaking topics\n * Farewell speeches\n * How to write a speech\n * Phrases for welcome speeches\n * Student council speeches\n * Free sample eulogies\n\n### From fear to fun in 28 ways\n\nA complete one stop resource to scuttle fear in the best of all possible ways\n- with laughter.\n\n### Useful pages\n\n * Home\n * Search this site\n * About me & Contact\n * Sitemap\n * Blogging Aloud\n * Newsletter\n * Free e-course\n * Privacy policy\n\n©Copyright 2006-21 www.write-out-loud.com\n\nDesigned and built by Clickstream Designs\n\n"
}
] |
1,381,793 | How To Make Chinese Kites | If you want to make a Chinese kite, cut out the shape of your kite from two layers of thin fiber paper or newspaper and decorate your kite with paint, markers, or colored pencils. Make a frame by attaching 2 bamboo or wooden dowels with twine in a T-shape. Attach the frame to the kite with tape, then tie twine to the tip of each dowel so it outlines the shape of the kite. Make a bridle string that’s 3 times the length of your kite and attach it to both ends of the frame. Tie your kite reel to the bridle string and attach the tail, then take your kite for its first flight! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210121181846/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-kite-tails/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201114002124/https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/culture/kites.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200222201406/http://www.glatfelter.com:80/products/technical_specialties/long_fiber_papers.aspx",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170814083512/http://www.mariespastiche.com/2013/11/tutorial-how-to-make-kite.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420085217/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/arts/kites.htm"
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{
"original_url": "https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-kite-tails/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210121181846/https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/bring-science-home-kite-tails/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Stability Science: How Tails Help a Kite Fly",
"passages": [
"Introduction Have you ever tried to build your own kite? Kites have been a source of entertainment through the centuries for kids worldwide. And they've been used for scientific experiments, too—Benjamin Franklin flew one to investigate lightning. (Something you shouldn't do!) In this activity you will have a chance to build your very own kite—a simple sled kite—and use it to investigate how tails help kites fly. After trying out this activity you may add tails to other kites to help them soar to greater heights!",
"Background Did you know that, besides Ben Franklin, one of the most famous kite flyers of all time was a 10-year-old boy? His name was Homan Walsh, and without him the Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge may not have been built in 1847. Before construction could begin, someone needed to get a line across the Niagara River Gorge. Homan successfully flew a kite from one side of the gorge to the other over the treacherous rapids below and, after securing his kite string, heavier line was fed across until a steel cable could connect both shores and bridge construction could begin. Homan was rewarded with a $10 cash prize, which was a lot of money in 1847!",
"How does a kite fly? As someone runs with a kite, the wind going head-on into the kite causes a lift force on it. This force is perpendicular to the wind, pushing the kite up. At the same time, the force of drag pulls the kite back, in the direction that the wind is going.",
"There are many different kite designs. Some are very old, like traditional Chinese and Japanese kites. Some designs are very new, like the dynamic stunt kites used in sport-kite flying competitions. Their modern materials and designs make them ultra-maneuverable.",
"Materials • Printer • Paper • Scissors • Crayons and markers (optional) • Tape • Two drinking straws • Hole punch • Kite string • Measuring tape or ruler • Paper clip • Plastic grocery bag or other thin plastic bag • An open, clear area outside",
"Preparation • Download the Sled Kite Template (pdf) and print it out on a sheet of eight-and-a-half-inch by 11-inch paper. • Carefully cut out the sled kite. You can decorate it using crayons, markers or other media. • Trim the length of the two drinking straws so they will fit in the area marked for the straws. Tape the straws in place. • Place three pieces of tape in the marked areas covering the black circles to reinforce the holes for the kite string. Using a hole punch, carefully punch the two holes marked by the black circles. • Cut two pieces of kite string to make each 45 centimeters (cm) long. Tie a string through each hole. Tie them tight, but not so much that you tear the paper. Tie the opposite end of both strings together to one end of a paper clip. • Cut a one-meter-long piece of kite string. Tie one end of this string to the other end of the paper clip. Your sled kite is ready to fly! • To make some tails to test on your kite, take a plastic grocery bag or other thin plastic bag and lay it completely flat. If the bag has handles, cut with scissors straight across to remove the handles. Then keep cutting the bag in this way to create thin rings (which will look like strips when flat)—each should be about three-cm wide. Cut up the whole bag into these rings. Discard the handles. You can see this in an online visual guide for this step.)",
"Procedure • Try to fly your kite without a tail in an open, clear area outside. First walk with it, then try running with it. What does the kite do when you walk and then when you run? How well does it fly? • Using the plastic grocery bag rings you made, tape a tail to the bottom of your kite that is 10 cm long. (This will probably be less than one grocery bag ring.) The tail should be centered. Try to fly your kite outside again, first walking and then running with it. How does the kite fly compared with when it had no tail? Why do you think this is? • You'll now test a tail that is 100 cm long. To make this tail, loop two rings together and gently pull them tight (you can see this step—which involves overlapping and twisting the loops once—in the visual guide). Attach more rings to the tail this way to make it longer. Attach the longer tail to the 10-cm tail on the kite to give the kite that is 100 cm long. Try to fly your kite outside again, first walking and then running with it. How well does the kite fly with the 100-cm tail compared with the 10-cm one? How does it compare with flying a kite without a tail? Why do you think this is? • You'll now test a tail that is 500 cm long. Use the same looping process to expand your 100-cm tail another 400 cm in length. Try to fly your kite outside again, first walking and then running with it. How well does the kite fly with the 500-cm tail compared with the other tails or no tail? What differences do you notice? Why do you think this is? • Out of the tails you tested, which tail do you think helped the kite fly the best? Why do you think this is? • Extra: Do this activity again, but instead of comparing different tail lengths, try adding additional tails and comparing the results. Add them symmetrically to the back end of the kite. How well does the kite fly with no tail, one tail, two tails? • Extra: In this activity you flew a kite using kite string one meter long. What happens when you fly the kite using different lengths of kite string, such as one meter, three meters or five meters? • Extra: There are a lot of other kite designs. Use the Internet, books or magazines at a library to find plans for different kinds of kites. Then test your new kite designs as you did in this activity. How does the tail length affect how well other kite designs work? What other variables affect how well kite designs work?",
"Observations and results When you tried to fly the kite without a tail, did it spin and roll around a lot, and not really fly at all? Did flying the kite with a 100-cm tail work the best?",
"Trying to fly a kite without a tail may result in the kite spinning and rolling a lot because the kite is unstable. Adding a tail to a kite helps make it fly more stably by adding some needed weight and drag to its lower end. Adding a small tail, such as the 10-cm-long tail, may help the kite fly a little more stably, but it will still spin and roll around a lot. Adding a longer tail, such as the 100-cm-long tail, should help the kite fly well, allowing it to get relatively high without rolling much. A very long tail, such as the 500-cm-long tail, will help keep the kite from rolling, but the tail may be so heavy that it will prevent the kite from flying very high. Some recommend adding a tail that's around three to eight times the kite's length—but the best way to determine the right tail length for your particular kite is to try it out!",
"Scientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial relations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found at www.springernature.com/us). Scientific American maintains a strict policy of editorial independence in reporting developments in science to our readers."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Stability Science: How Tails Help a Kite Fly - Scientific American\n\nSkip to main content\n\nAdvocate for Science\n\nBring Science Home\n\n# Stability Science: How Tails Help a Kite Fly\n\nAn aerodynamic activity from Science Buddies\n\n * By Science Buddies on August 23, 2012\n\n * Share on Facebook\n\n * Share on Twitter\n\n * Share on Reddit\n\n * Share on LinkedIn\n\n * Share via\n\n * Print\n\nAdvertisement\n\nKey concepts Aerodynamics Wind Flight Forces\n\nIntroduction Have you ever tried to build your own kite? Kites have been a\nsource of entertainment through the centuries for kids worldwide. And they've\nbeen used for scientific experiments, too—Benjamin Franklin flew one to\ninvestigate lightning. (Something you shouldn't do!) In this activity you will\nhave a chance to build your very own kite—a simple sled kite—and use it to\ninvestigate how tails help kites fly. After trying out this activity you may\nadd tails to other kites to help them soar to greater heights!\n\nBackground Did you know that, besides Ben Franklin, one of the most famous\nkite flyers of all time was a 10-year-old boy? His name was Homan Walsh, and\nwithout him the Niagara Falls Suspension Bridge may not have been built in\n1847. Before construction could begin, someone needed to get a line across the\nNiagara River Gorge. Homan successfully flew a kite from one side of the gorge\nto the other over the treacherous rapids below and, after securing his kite\nstring, heavier line was fed across until a steel cable could connect both\nshores and bridge construction could begin. Homan was rewarded with a $10 cash\nprize, which was a lot of money in 1847!\n\nHow does a kite fly? As someone runs with a kite, the wind going head-on into\nthe kite causes a lift force on it. This force is perpendicular to the wind,\npushing the kite up. At the same time, the force of drag pulls the kite back,\nin the direction that the wind is going.\n\nThere are many different kite designs. Some are very old, like traditional\nChinese and Japanese kites. Some designs are very new, like the dynamic stunt\nkites used in sport-kite flying competitions. Their modern materials and\ndesigns make them ultra-maneuverable.\n\nMaterials • Printer • Paper • Scissors • Crayons and markers (optional) • Tape\n• Two drinking straws • Hole punch • Kite string • Measuring tape or ruler •\nPaper clip • Plastic grocery bag or other thin plastic bag • An open, clear\narea outside\n\nPreparation • Download the Sled Kite Template (pdf) and print it out on a\nsheet of eight-and-a-half-inch by 11-inch paper. • Carefully cut out the sled\nkite. You can decorate it using crayons, markers or other media. • Trim the\nlength of the two drinking straws so they will fit in the area marked for the\nstraws. Tape the straws in place. • Place three pieces of tape in the marked\nareas covering the black circles to reinforce the holes for the kite string.\nUsing a hole punch, carefully punch the two holes marked by the black circles.\n• Cut two pieces of kite string to make each 45 centimeters (cm) long. Tie a\nstring through each hole. Tie them tight, but not so much that you tear the\npaper. Tie the opposite end of both strings together to one end of a paper\nclip. • Cut a one-meter-long piece of kite string. Tie one end of this string\nto the other end of the paper clip. Your sled kite is ready to fly! • To make\nsome tails to test on your kite, take a plastic grocery bag or other thin\nplastic bag and lay it completely flat. If the bag has handles, cut with\nscissors straight across to remove the handles. Then keep cutting the bag in\nthis way to create thin rings (which will look like strips when flat)—each\nshould be about three-cm wide. Cut up the whole bag into these rings. Discard\nthe handles. You can see this in an online visual guide for this step.)\n\nProcedure • Try to fly your kite without a tail in an open, clear area\noutside. First walk with it, then try running with it. What does the kite do\nwhen you walk and then when you run? How well does it fly? • Using the plastic\ngrocery bag rings you made, tape a tail to the bottom of your kite that is 10\ncm long. (This will probably be less than one grocery bag ring.) The tail\nshould be centered. Try to fly your kite outside again, first walking and then\nrunning with it. How does the kite fly compared with when it had no tail? Why\ndo you think this is? • You'll now test a tail that is 100 cm long. To make\nthis tail, loop two rings together and gently pull them tight (you can see\nthis step—which involves overlapping and twisting the loops once—in the visual\nguide). Attach more rings to the tail this way to make it longer. Attach the\nlonger tail to the 10-cm tail on the kite to give the kite that is 100 cm\nlong. Try to fly your kite outside again, first walking and then running with\nit. How well does the kite fly with the 100-cm tail compared with the 10-cm\none? How does it compare with flying a kite without a tail? Why do you think\nthis is? • You'll now test a tail that is 500 cm long. Use the same looping\nprocess to expand your 100-cm tail another 400 cm in length. Try to fly your\nkite outside again, first walking and then running with it. How well does the\nkite fly with the 500-cm tail compared with the other tails or no tail? What\ndifferences do you notice? Why do you think this is? • Out of the tails you\ntested, which tail do you think helped the kite fly the best? Why do you think\nthis is? • Extra: Do this activity again, but instead of comparing different\ntail lengths, try adding additional tails and comparing the results. Add them\nsymmetrically to the back end of the kite. How well does the kite fly with no\ntail, one tail, two tails? • Extra: In this activity you flew a kite using\nkite string one meter long. What happens when you fly the kite using different\nlengths of kite string, such as one meter, three meters or five meters? •\nExtra: There are a lot of other kite designs. Use the Internet, books or\nmagazines at a library to find plans for different kinds of kites. Then test\nyour new kite designs as you did in this activity. How does the tail length\naffect how well other kite designs work? What other variables affect how well\nkite designs work?\n\nObservations and results When you tried to fly the kite without a tail, did it\nspin and roll around a lot, and not really fly at all? Did flying the kite\nwith a 100-cm tail work the best?\n\nTrying to fly a kite without a tail may result in the kite spinning and\nrolling a lot because the kite is unstable. Adding a tail to a kite helps make\nit fly more stably by adding some needed weight and drag to its lower end.\nAdding a small tail, such as the 10-cm-long tail, may help the kite fly a\nlittle more stably, but it will still spin and roll around a lot. Adding a\nlonger tail, such as the 100-cm-long tail, should help the kite fly well,\nallowing it to get relatively high without rolling much. A very long tail,\nsuch as the 500-cm-long tail, will help keep the kite from rolling, but the\ntail may be so heavy that it will prevent the kite from flying very high. Some\nrecommend adding a tail that's around three to eight times the kite's\nlength—but the best way to determine the right tail length for your particular\nkite is to try it out!\n\nMore to explore Using a Kite as an Experimental Platform from Scientific\nAmerican Forces on a Kite from the National Aeronautics and Space\nAdministration (NASA) Kites from Aviation for Kids How to Attach Kite Tails\nfrom Kites in the Sky Making Kite Tails from My Best Kite Let's Go Fly a Kite!\nfrom Science Buddies\n\nThis activity brought to you in partnership with Science Buddies\n\n### ABOUT THE AUTHOR(S)\n\n#### Science Buddies\n\n#### Recent Articles\n\n * Build a Recycling-Sorting Machine\n * How Empty Is an Empty Bottle?\n * Build a Cooler\n\n## Read This Next\n\nThe Sciences\n\n### Soaring Science: The Aerodynamics of Flying a Frisbee\n\nAugust 9, 2012 — Science Buddies\n\nTech\n\n### Under Pressure: Launch a Balloon Rocket\n\nMay 5, 2011 — Katherine Harmon\n\nThe Sciences\n\n### Suspended Science: How Does a Hovercraft Hover?\n\nAugust 2, 2012 — Science Buddies\n\nThe Sciences\n\n### Buoyant Science: How Metal \"Boats\" Float\n\nApril 12, 2012 — Science Buddies\n\nThe Sciences\n\n### Spinning Science: Centripetal Force Using Marbles in Jell-O\n\nJuly 12, 2012 — Science Buddies\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Newsletter\n\n## Get smart. Sign up for our email newsletter.\n\nSign Up\n\n## Support Science Journalism\n\nDiscover world-changing science. Explore our digital archive back to 1845,\nincluding articles by more than 150 Nobel Prize winners.\n\nSubscribe Now!\n\nFollow us\n\n * instagram\n * soundcloud\n * youtube\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * rss\n\nScientific american arabic\n\nالعربية\n\n * Return & Refund Policy\n * About\n * Press Room\n\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n\n * Advertise\n * SA Custom Media\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * California Consumer Privacy Statement\n * Use of cookies/Do not sell my data\n * International Editions\n\nScientific American is part of Springer Nature, which owns or has commercial\nrelations with thousands of scientific publications (many of them can be found\nat www.springernature.com/us). Scientific American maintains a strict policy\nof editorial independence in reporting developments in science to our readers.\n\n© 2021 Scientific American, a Division of Springer Nature America, Inc.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\nScroll To Top\n\nYou have free articles left.\n\nSupport our award-winning coverage of advances in science & technology.\n\nAlready a subscriber? Sign in.\n\nSubscribers get more award-winning coverage of advances in science &\ntechnology.\n\nSee Subscription Options\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/culture/kites.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201114002124/https://www.chinahighlights.com/travelguide/culture/kites.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The History and Culture of Chinese Kites",
"passages": [
"When we talk about the skies above China, we are often referring to topics like pollution or busy airlines. But beneath the clouds there is a Chinese art form that has glided through history. This ancient relic brings the colors and patterns of the ancient dynasties to the city skies of modern China and the world. It's the famous Chinese kite and its long history of cultural significance begins thousands of years ago.",
"The kite is believed to have originated in China. Since its invention, there have been many adaptations to the kite by various cultures around the world. The kite you probably flew as a kid looks a bit different to the original Chinese kites and even the kites of modern China.",
"A Chinese kite in ancient times would have used simple materials such as wood and cloth. They were often made to resemble the shapes of birds. Today, elaborate and large designs can be seen flying above parks in China. They will often resemble real animals and members of the Chinese Zodiac. Some kites will have LED lights attached to allow for night flights and fun light shows.",
"Kites were invented in the early Warring States Period (475 - 221 B.C.) by Mozi and Lu Ban, two philosophers who came after the teachings of Confucius. The kites were exclusive to China for many years before the knowledge of how to make and use them advanced. The period saw many attacks from foreign powers, as well as civil unrest. Kites played a role in providing military intelligence for the Chinese forces.",
"Mainly, they were used for military purposes. The first kites were what we today would call prototype kites: they were made of light wood and cloth. They were designed to mimic a bird's natural flight. The first Chinese kites were used for measuring distances, which was useful information for moving large armies across difficult terrain. They were also used to calculate and record wind readings and provided a unique form of communication similar to ship flags at sea.",
"Chinese kites usually represent mythological characters, symbolic creatures, as well as legendary figures. Some have whistles or strings designed to make unique sounds while flying. We can divide them into two categories: large and small kites. In size they can range between 304 meters and 30 centimeters across. Today, you will see people flying small kites with children in many Chinese parks. You can also see adults flying the larger kites and using more advanced methods with larger ropes to support the great size.",
"Kites in China were made with wood, paper, and/or silk. The earliest kites were made from light varieties of wood and later developed to included ornamental paper and fabric. Kites in China are typically broken down into three categories:",
"Wooden kites were called mu yuan. Mention of this prototype kite – the bird style referred above – stems from tales of Mozi (BCE 470-391) who was a philosopher. Mozi lived a century later than Confucius (BCE 551-479) and was opposed the teachings of both Confucianism and Taoism. He wrote about the use of wooden bird kites in China during his lifetime.",
"Another source indicates that a paper kite, the zhi yuan, was used as an emergency warning device. This occurred a millennium later, when the kite was flown in order to appeal for help during the siege of Nanjing. Paper kites are still used in China, but are seen as more of a traditional art than a viable pastime.",
"It was not until the Tang (CE 618-907) Dynasty that lighter kites made of first silk and then paper (bamboo was a common material used for the ribs) made their appearance. It was at this time that the kite came to transcend its humble military, or functional, origins, becoming an instrument of pleasure.",
"It was not long before artisans began to compete in creating the most artistic, the most acrobatic kites. During the Ming (CE 1368-1644) and Qing (CE 1644-1911) Dynasties, kite making and flying had become an art form. Kites featured colorful decorations in the form of birds, flowers, blossoms, and of course, calligraphy. The Chinese kite, not unlike the case of the Chinese lantern and the Chinese umbrella, became a vehicle of artistic expression – oftentimes with literary overtones.",
"The construction of kites has changed over the years. New materials and better understanding of flight have given modern kites a serious advantage in flight. However the ancient methods are still interesting and worthy of note.",
"Kite construction consists of three parts: framing, gluing and decoration. With framing, light woods such as bamboo were often used to create the bones of the kite. These are both light, exceptionally strong, and pliable. Many frame shapes were popular, including traditional representations of birds, butterflies and dragonflies, as well as non-winged insects such as centipedes or mythical animals like dragons.",
"Modern kite artisans go beyond the traditional, producing kites that conform only to the creator's imagination. Material such as plastic and nylon allow for bright colors and enhanced durability. LED lights and specialized noise makers also enhance the kite flying and viewing experience. Sometimes movement is incorporated into a kite by means of a hinged arrangement of sections of the frame, suggesting wing or tail movement, etc.",
"Silk, paper, nylon and other modern materials are used for the kite's \"sail\". Silk is very beautiful but also more expensive and more fragile. Paper is both cheaper and more practical to work with, and it lends itself admirably to decoration. The paper type used for kites is very thin but fibrous, which both reduces weight and ensures strength. It is often treated with a with a thin layer of oil to preserve it. Once the kite's sail material is glued to the bamboo frame, the kite is then decorated. In addition, tassels and sometimes hollow reeds are attached to the kite in order to give it movement or produce sound.",
"The city of Weifang, Shandong Peninsula, has a special relationship to the kite. The city is namely home to the International Kite Association, and holds the Weifang International Kite Festival from April 20th to the 25th each year. Kite enthusiasts in the thousands, and from all corners of the globe, descend upon the city of Weifang at this time each year to participate in the kite competitions. Tourists flock just to watch this majestic and colorful spectacle. The climax of the festival is the crowning of the annual \"Kite King\". Weifang also has a museum dedicated to the history of the kite.",
"It was in the city of Weifang that Marco Polo, in 1282, supposedly witnessed the flying of a manned kite.",
"According to Marco Polo's travel diary, there existed a tradition in Weihai at the time for testing the wind with a kite in order to determine if an imminent voyage would be good or not. This was done by binding a sailor to a large kite to a ship as it \"rode with the wind\", then casting kite and sailor off the ship into the breeze. If the kite and its passenger flew high and straight, it was a sign that the voyage would be a good one.",
"When he returned to Italy, Marco Polo brought with him a Chinese kite, and soon, thanks to the Silk Road, the Chinese kite became known throughout Europe, and from Europe, it would of course travel to the New World, the Americas.",
"In the History of Flight pavilion at the National Aeronautics and Space Museum in Washington D.C. a plaque is inscribed to the humble Chinese kite. It states, \"The earliest aircraft made by man were the kites and missiles of ancient China.\"",
"To learn more about Chinese kites, you might be interested in a Shandong tour. Our popular China tours can be extended to Shandong. We can also design a bespoke itinerary to meet your requirements and provide you with a free quote."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The History and Culture of Chinese Kites\n\n * Contact us\n * About us\n\nUSA/CA:800-2682918\n\nAU: 1800-764678 UK: 0800-0327753 All: 86-773-2831999\n\n * Home\n * China Tours +\n * Top 10 Tours\n * Panda Tours\n * Family Tours\n * Yangtze Cruise\n * China Tours 2019\n * Create My Trip\n * Destinations +\n * Beijing\n * Shanghai\n * Guilin\n * Chengdu\n * Xi'an\n * Tibet\n * Zhangjiajie\n * Travel Guide +\n * China Visas\n * Beijing\n * The Great Wall of China\n * China’s Top 10 Attractions\n * Giant Pandas\n * The Terracotta Army\n * Best of China\n * Culture +\n * Chinese Zodiac\n * Chinese New Year\n * Mid-autumn Festival\n * Public Holiday Schedule\n * Trains\n * Asia Tours\n * Day Tours\n\n * Kung Fu\n * Food\n * Chinese Zodiac\n * Chinese New Year\n * Tea\n * Medicine\n * History\n * Festivals\n\n * Chinese New Year\n * Chinese Lantern Festival\n * Mid-autumn Festival\n * Dragon Boat Festival\n * Harbin Ice Snow Festival\n * Public Holiday Schedule\n * All China Festivals\n\nHome Chinese Culture Chinese Kites\n\n# Chinese Kites — History and Culture\n\nFlying kites is a popular pastime in China.\n\nWhen we talk about the skies above China, we are often referring to topics\nlike pollution or busy airlines. But beneath the clouds there is a Chinese art\nform that has glided through history. This ancient relic brings the colors and\npatterns of the ancient dynasties to the city skies of modern China and the\nworld. It's the famous Chinese kite and its long history of cultural\nsignificance begins thousands of years ago.\n\n## What Are Chinese Kites?\n\nThe kite is believed to have originated in China. Since its invention, there\nhave been many adaptations to the kite by various cultures around the world.\nThe kite you probably flew as a kid looks a bit different to the original\nChinese kites and even the kites of modern China.\n\nA Chinese kite in ancient times would have used simple materials such as wood\nand cloth. They were often made to resemble the shapes of birds. Today,\nelaborate and large designs can be seen flying above parks in China. They will\noften resemble real animals and members of the Chinese Zodiac. Some kites will\nhave LED lights attached to allow for night flights and fun light shows.\n\n## When Were Kites Invented?\n\nKites were invented in the early Warring States Period (475 - 221 B.C.) by\nMozi and Lu Ban, two philosophers who came after the teachings of Confucius.\nThe kites were exclusive to China for many years before the knowledge of how\nto make and use them advanced. The period saw many attacks from foreign\npowers, as well as civil unrest. Kites played a role in providing military\nintelligence for the Chinese forces.\n\n## Why Were Kites Invented?\n\nMainly, they were used for military purposes. The first kites were what we\ntoday would call prototype kites: they were made of light wood and cloth. They\nwere designed to mimic a bird's natural flight. The first Chinese kites were\nused for measuring distances, which was useful information for moving large\narmies across difficult terrain. They were also used to calculate and record\nwind readings and provided a unique form of communication similar to ship\nflags at sea.\n\n## Chinese Kites Today\n\nKites are still very popular in modern China.\n\nChinese kites usually represent mythological characters, symbolic creatures,\nas well as legendary figures. Some have whistles or strings designed to make\nunique sounds while flying. We can divide them into two categories: large and\nsmall kites. In size they can range between 304 meters and 30 centimeters\nacross. Today, you will see people flying small kites with children in many\nChinese parks. You can also see adults flying the larger kites and using more\nadvanced methods with larger ropes to support the great size.\n\n## Historic Kite Styles\n\nKites in China were made with wood, paper, and/or silk. The earliest kites\nwere made from light varieties of wood and later developed to included\nornamental paper and fabric. Kites in China are typically broken down into\nthree categories:\n\n### Wooden Kites\n\nWooden kites were called mu yuan. Mention of this prototype kite – the bird\nstyle referred above – stems from tales of Mozi (BCE 470-391) who was a\nphilosopher. Mozi lived a century later than Confucius (BCE 551-479) and was\nopposed the teachings of both Confucianism and Taoism. He wrote about the use\nof wooden bird kites in China during his lifetime.\n\n### Paper Kites\n\nAnother source indicates that a paper kite, the zhi yuan, was used as an\nemergency warning device. This occurred a millennium later, when the kite was\nflown in order to appeal for help during the siege of Nanjing. Paper kites are\nstill used in China, but are seen as more of a traditional art than a viable\npastime.\n\n### Lighter Kites\n\nIt was not until the Tang (CE 618-907) Dynasty that lighter kites made of\nfirst silk and then paper (bamboo was a common material used for the ribs)\nmade their appearance. It was at this time that the kite came to transcend its\nhumble military, or functional, origins, becoming an instrument of pleasure.\n\nIt was not long before artisans began to compete in creating the most\nartistic, the most acrobatic kites. During the Ming (CE 1368-1644) and Qing\n(CE 1644-1911) Dynasties, kite making and flying had become an art form. Kites\nfeatured colorful decorations in the form of birds, flowers, blossoms, and of\ncourse, calligraphy. The Chinese kite, not unlike the case of the Chinese\nlantern and the Chinese umbrella, became a vehicle of artistic expression –\noftentimes with literary overtones.\n\n## Kite Construction\n\nKite making is an ancient Chinese art form.\n\nThe construction of kites has changed over the years. New materials and better\nunderstanding of flight have given modern kites a serious advantage in flight.\nHowever the ancient methods are still interesting and worthy of note.\n\n### Ancient Kite Construction\n\nKite construction consists of three parts: framing, gluing and decoration.\nWith framing, light woods such as bamboo were often used to create the bones\nof the kite. These are both light, exceptionally strong, and pliable. Many\nframe shapes were popular, including traditional representations of birds,\nbutterflies and dragonflies, as well as non-winged insects such as centipedes\nor mythical animals like dragons.\n\n### Modern Kite Construction\n\nModern kite artisans go beyond the traditional, producing kites that conform\nonly to the creator's imagination. Material such as plastic and nylon allow\nfor bright colors and enhanced durability. LED lights and specialized noise\nmakers also enhance the kite flying and viewing experience. Sometimes movement\nis incorporated into a kite by means of a hinged arrangement of sections of\nthe frame, suggesting wing or tail movement, etc.\n\n### Materials used for Construction\n\nSilk, paper, nylon and other modern materials are used for the kite's \"sail\".\nSilk is very beautiful but also more expensive and more fragile. Paper is both\ncheaper and more practical to work with, and it lends itself admirably to\ndecoration. The paper type used for kites is very thin but fibrous, which both\nreduces weight and ensures strength. It is often treated with a with a thin\nlayer of oil to preserve it. Once the kite's sail material is glued to the\nbamboo frame, the kite is then decorated. In addition, tassels and sometimes\nhollow reeds are attached to the kite in order to give it movement or produce\nsound.\n\n## The Weifang Kite Tradition\n\nFlying kites is a popular pastime in China.\n\nThe city of Weifang, Shandong Peninsula, has a special relationship to the\nkite. The city is namely home to the International Kite Association, and holds\nthe Weifang International Kite Festival from April 20th to the 25th each year.\nKite enthusiasts in the thousands, and from all corners of the globe, descend\nupon the city of Weifang at this time each year to participate in the kite\ncompetitions. Tourists flock just to watch this majestic and colorful\nspectacle. The climax of the festival is the crowning of the annual \"Kite\nKing\". Weifang also has a museum dedicated to the history of the kite.\n\n## Marco Polo and the Expansion of Chinese Kites\n\nIt was in the city of Weifang that Marco Polo, in 1282, supposedly witnessed\nthe flying of a manned kite.\n\nAccording to Marco Polo's travel diary, there existed a tradition in Weihai at\nthe time for testing the wind with a kite in order to determine if an imminent\nvoyage would be good or not. This was done by binding a sailor to a large kite\nto a ship as it \"rode with the wind\", then casting kite and sailor off the\nship into the breeze. If the kite and its passenger flew high and straight, it\nwas a sign that the voyage would be a good one.\n\nWhen he returned to Italy, Marco Polo brought with him a Chinese kite, and\nsoon, thanks to the Silk Road, the Chinese kite became known throughout\nEurope, and from Europe, it would of course travel to the New World, the\nAmericas.\n\nIn the History of Flight pavilion at the National Aeronautics and Space Museum\nin Washington D.C. a plaque is inscribed to the humble Chinese kite. It\nstates, \"The earliest aircraft made by man were the kites and missiles of\nancient China.\"\n\n## See Kites and More of What You Want in China\n\nKite making is an ancient Chinese art form.\n\nTo learn more about Chinese kites, you might be interested in a Shandong tour.\nOur popular China tours can be extended to Shandong. We can also design a\nbespoke itinerary to meet your requirements and provide you with a free quote.\n\n## Related Reading\n\n * Weifang International Kites Festival\n * Yangjiang Kites Festival\n * Weifang Kite Museum\n\n## Related Articles\n\n * The 7 Ancient Wonders of China\n\n## You Might Like\n\nThe 10 Interesting Facts on Chinese Kites for China Travelers\n\nChinese Silk — Silk History, Production, and Products\n\nChinese Lanterns — What They Are and How They're Used\n\nWalking in the Footsteps of Marco Polo — Discover 13th Century China\n\n * Author: Cheyanne\n * Update: June 11, 2019\n * See all my travel articles\n\n * Chinese Arts and Crafts\n * Chinese Silk\n * Chinese Embroidery\n * Chinese Lanterns\n * Chinese Knots\n * Chinese Paper Cuts\n * Chinese Cloisonné\n * Chinese Kites\n * Chinese Porcelain\n * Stone Lions\n * Traditional Chinese Clothes\n * Four Treasures of the Study\n * Chinese Calligraphy\n * Chinese Painting\n * Chinese Seals\n * Chinese Batik\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.glatfelter.com:80/products/technical_specialties/long_fiber_papers.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200222201406/http://www.glatfelter.com:80/products/technical_specialties/long_fiber_papers.aspx",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Long fiber papers, adhesive tapes, technical specialties from Glatfelter Composite Fibers",
"passages": [
"as the supplier of choice in the European tape industry for paper-based double-sided adhesives. This material is dimensionally stable yet can be torn by hand. Suitable as mono-ply carriers for various dispersible single- and double-sided adhesive tapes, our papers are ideal for water-based and dispersible glues with quick glue penetration.",
"Long fiber papers from Glatfelter integrate long natural fibers such as abaca and hemp to give a light but strong material that is 100% biodegradable and formaldehyde-free. Our papers ensure high tensile and delamination strength. Glatfelter’s long fiber papers include the following application fields: adhesive tapes, automotive paper, agriculture, tobacco, vacuum bags, cryogenic, exclusive packaging."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Long fiber papers, adhesive tapes, technical specialties from Glatfelter\nComposite Fibers\n\nTechnical Specialties\n\nNonwovens\n\nLong Fiber Papers\n\nElectro-technical Papers\n\nFind a Product\n\nHome > Products > Technical Specialties > Long Fiber Papers\n\n# Long Fiber Papers\n\n## Glatfelter’s technologically advanced products have established Glatfelter\nas the supplier of choice in the European tape industry for paper-based\ndouble-sided adhesives. This material is dimensionally stable yet can be torn\nby hand. Suitable as mono-ply carriers for various dispersible single- and\ndouble-sided adhesive tapes, our papers are ideal for water-based and\ndispersible glues with quick glue penetration.\n\nLong fiber papers from Glatfelter integrate long natural fibers such as abaca\nand hemp to give a light but strong material that is 100% biodegradable and\nformaldehyde-free. Our papers ensure high tensile and delamination strength.\nGlatfelter’s long fiber papers include the following application fields:\nadhesive tapes, automotive paper, agriculture, tobacco, vacuum bags,\ncryogenic, exclusive packaging.\n\nOrders & Information\n\n * Call +49 72 24 66 27 6 or use our Contact Request form.\n\n© 2020 Glatfelter\n\n|\n\nTerms of Use\n\n|\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n|\n\nSuppliers\n\n|\n\nSite Map\n\n|\n\nFeedback\n\n|\n\nRSS Feeds\n\nCalifornia Transparency Act Disclosure\n\n|\n\n|\n\nOrders & Requests \n \n--- \n \n * Call +49 72 24 66 0 (Europe)\n * Call 1-717-225-4711 ext. 2500 (North America)\n * Call +86 512 6762 5077 (Asia)\n * Request Sample\n * Contact Us\n\nAgent Locator \n \n--- \n \n * Find a local sales contact\n\nLiterature \n \n--- \n \n * Dynacap Capacitor Paper\n\n(867 KB PDF)\n\n * Dynagrid NG Battery Enhancer\n\n(902 KB PDF)\n\n * Dynagrid Pasting Paper\n\n(1.2 MB PDF)\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.mariespastiche.com/2013/11/tutorial-how-to-make-kite.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170814083512/http://www.mariespastiche.com/2013/11/tutorial-how-to-make-kite.html",
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"title": "Marie's Pastiche: Tutorial: How to make a Kite",
"passages": [
"Our family has embarked on virtual travels to various countries and regions. To explore these countries and their cultures, we have followed along with the festivals, cooked and eaten traditional foods, learned of traditional handicrafts with hands on exploration, along with many activities to immerse ourselves. Chronicled here are some of these activities.",
"In China, flying kites is a popular pastime. In fact, the Chinese may have invented kites, though even if they didn't they were the force behind the spread of kite design to the rest of the world.",
"Weeks ago, in getting ready for the Double Ninth festival, the girls made their own Chinese kites. They perused Demi's \"Kites: Magic Wishes that Fly Up to the Sky\" for inspiration. With rice paper, acrylic paints and thin dowels, we jumped head first into making fanciful Chinese kites. They looked gorgeous! As it turns out, we weren't being very practical.",
"Their gorgeous Chinese kites - they spent hours making them. Pea's butterfly kite symbolizes beauty and free spirit; Elle's bat kite symbolizes joy and long life.",
"Kite making and flying is a science - many factors determine whether and how a kite will fly: balance, wind pressure, and gravity. You can read more about how kites fly here. Various aspects of kite making determine its success, especially the tow point - the angle at which your kite line is attached to your kite. When making a kite without instructions, you will need to experiment where your tow point should be, and the girls' beautiful kites were not strong enough to withstand the trials. Our other mistake was trying them out in our spacious yard - spacious but surrounded by trees. As the wind goes around trees and buildings, it becomes turbulent, making it difficult to fly a kite. An empty field of sorts is ideal.",
"Kites have been patched with lots of masking tape on the back, touched up and hanging as art (next to the tetrahedral kite we made years ago, but haven't even tried flying).",
"We then decided to try a simpler kite, the classic diamond shaped two stick kite. We were inspired by this, (though we made a single kite):",
"Above is an example of a train kite - mulitiple kites connected by a line together Photo Credit: Will Clayton",
"And finally, over a month later, we flew it. (I kept waiting for the stars to align with good weather, enough wind, both girls at home, and no previous commitments or homework to complete, and the time to go the beach - I ended up going separate times with each girl) I ignored my own advice and took it to a baseball field -- surrounded by trees. As noted above, the trees created too much turbulence. We had much more success at the beach, though luckily it was deserted because it took a few tries to get it going. I wanted to make sure it could fly before posting this :)",
"Masking tape (there will be a lot of \"secure with tape\" - make sure it is good tape, and easy to peel off the roll)",
"First, make your template with your sheet of paper. I made a \"half\" template to create a symmetrical kite, which is important for balance. Using a ruler, trace a diagonal line from top corner to opposite bottom corner, dividing it in half. Keep one half as is, and take the other half to form the top of your diamond - see picture below. Cut to size, and tape the two pieces together.",
"2. Take a standard sheet of newspaper, folded in half. Place template with long edge lined up along the fold of the newspaper. Trace and cut. The length, from top to bottom should be approximately 17 1/4\" and the width from left to right should be approximately 16 1/2\".",
"3. Decorate your kite - it is easier to do that now rather then when it has rods in the back. Bright, bold colors will show up more when your kite is high up in the sky. Inspired by the Chinese kite train above, we painted an opera mask. You can download a free printable, ready to color or paint mask here that can be glued on, or try painting it freehand. Let it dry before attaching rods to the back :)",
"4. Cut your dowel into two pieces: 1 at 17 1/4\" long, and the other at 16 1/2\" long. Don't throw out the leftover piece, you'll be using that for the kite reel. Using masking tape, cover each end of the dowels, so they don't pierce through the paper. Lay the two dowels in form of cross using your kite piece as a guide. Using twine, secure the two pieces together where they meet in the middle. Place a piece of wax paper underneath the knotted center, and cover the twine with glue. Let dry. This ensures it stays good and sturdy. I used wax paper underneath so it could be peeled away once the glue dries.",
"5. Secure dowels in place with masking tape - one piece at all four ends. Cut each corner perpendicular to the dowel so that folding the edge will be easier (see figure B, right image). Take twine, wrap it around the tip of one dowel, then run it around all sides, twisting it securely at each tip, knotting it when you have returned to the first one. Make sure the twine is taut. This forms a frame. Secure the twine at each dowel tip with tape.",
"6. Fold the edge of the paper over the framing twine. Unfold, spread glue over the edges, and press them over the string. Let dry.",
"7. Attach the bridle string. The bridle is a string about 3 times as long as the kite. The bridle is attached to the kite, in this case at both ends of the spine, and the kite line is attached to the bridle. Cut a piece of thread 53\" long. Tie one end of your thread to the dowel at the bottom of the kite. Once knotted to dowel, thread it through the paper, to the painted side. Doing it this way means you will see your image when the kite is flying. Thread the other end of your thread back through the paper at the top of the kite, knotting it to the top of the dowel. There should be hanging thread from the front/painted side of the kite.",
"8. Holding the length of thread from the top of the kite, measure down 17\". This is your tow point, the point where the kite line will be attached. Tie a loop in your thread at this point (see top right image). If you lift your bridle from the loop, the thread should be shorter near the top of the kite.",
"9. Make your kite reel. Rather than pulling it feet upon feet of thread to wrap it around something else (piece of wood or heavy cardboard) - I just used the rest of the spool of thread. I poked the remaining piece of dowel through the center of the spool, making sure there is enough length of dowel on either side of the spool to hold onto, and secured with tape. Attach the thread from your reel to the loop on your kite bridle.",
"10. Lastly, attach a tail to the kite. We used a paper streamer - actually, we used two :). The tail should be 1 1/2 times the length of the spine - in this case 26\" long. I added a much longer tail after having difficulty with the kite spinning in circles - the second tail is 60\" long. Attach the tail to the bottom end of the kite, securing with tape on the back. Make sure it is centered.",
"It's done! Try taking the kite out for a spin. Despite crashing repeatedly after spinning madly in circles (prior to the 2nd tail), this kite remained resilient and did not need any patching up. The longer, second tail really helped stabilize it. It make take a few tries to get it up - but that is part of the fun. Keep in mind - location, location, location. An open field, with light to medium wind is ideal. And don't forget to never fly near power lines.",
"I pinned this one. It's a great tutorial. My kids have tried several times to make kites with little success. I grew up near the beach and always saw people flying kites there.",
"1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 23, 2013 at 1:05 PM\nThe beach was definitely an improvement - I'd love to hear about it if you try making a kite again.",
"I agree - it's brilliant! C(9) plays around with making kites often. She made one recently as part of a Cubs competition, and she was quite disappointed with how hers flew (didn't fly!). I am going to share this with her, she'll love it. I'd never really thought much about the science of kites (doh!). Thank you for another inspiring post :-)",
"1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 23, 2013 at 2:20 PM\nMaking a kite that flies really is a challenge - especially not wanted it to rip apart as it's being tested! Newspaper was surprisingly resilient :) If I could have gotten away with it, kite making would definitely have been a science lesson (harder to pull off when they've been in school all week...) - maybe some was learned by proxy. She could probably still get her kite to fly by adjusting the tow point (where bridle meets kite line) even by just a little, or adding/lengthening the tail. I wish her luck!",
"This is a really great tutorial! My guys make kites out of plastic bags, straws and wool, with some success. Although I think calling them kites is probably a stretch! I'm definitely going to have them try your method. Thank you, Marie! ps Are you a teacher in real life?",
"1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 25, 2013 at 9:37 AM\nI think they're on the right track - plastic bags really catch the wind - and if I wasn't making a Chinese kite, I think I would have gone that route with a sled design - they seem to be full proof. I think the great thing about kites is there are so many designs and variations - if it flies and you still have a hold on it - then it's a kite to be proud of :)",
"This has been on my Want-To-Do list for a long time. Thank you for the great tutorial and for your faithful linking up.",
"1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 26, 2013 at 9:57 AM\nThank you for hosting the link up Phyllis! I can't imagine there is anything left on a want to do list for you - you do so much!",
"Making kites was on our list for China, but daughter was not interested, and we never got to it. But your post reminded me that now would be a good time to fly our store-bought kite :) Thanks for sharing your tutorial with Afterschool!",
"Great job.... I want share a kitesurfing school website were kitesurfing lover lern how to launch kite wih proper instruction. http://www.kitesurfingnovascotia.com",
"Please link back to my site if using one of my images. All images on this blog are copyright to its",
"for it appear on this site, please E-mail with a link to said image and it will be promptly removed."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Marie's Pastiche: Tutorial: How to make a Kite\n\nskip to main | skip to sidebar\n\n * Home\n * Around the World with Pancakes\n * Our French Canadian Roots\n * Ireland\n * Chinese New Year\n * Contact Me\n\nOur family has embarked on virtual travels to various countries and regions.\nTo explore these countries and their cultures, we have followed along with the\nfestivals, cooked and eaten traditional foods, learned of traditional\nhandicrafts with hands on exploration, along with many activities to immerse\nourselves. Chronicled here are some of these activities.\n\n## Follow along with us as we explore World Cultures - subscribe by email\n\n## About Me\n\nMarie-Claude Leroux\n\nView my complete profile\n\n## Subscribe To\n\nPosts\n\nAtom\n\nPosts\n\nComments\n\nAtom\n\nComments\n\n## Followers\n\n## Blog Archive\n\n * ► 2015 (68)\n\n * ► June (1)\n * ► May (6)\n * ► April (12)\n * ► March (14)\n * ► February (14)\n * ► January (21)\n\n * ► 2014 (124)\n\n * ► December (6)\n * ► November (7)\n * ► October (10)\n * ► September (7)\n * ► July (3)\n * ► June (16)\n * ► May (13)\n * ► April (14)\n * ► March (18)\n * ► February (22)\n * ► January (8)\n\n * ▼ 2013 (207)\n\n * ► December (2)\n * ▼ November (20)\n\n * Chinese Staple Food: Noodles & Recipe for Dan Dan ...\n * Our Weekend in a Nutshell\n * Tutorial: How to make a Kite\n * Recipe: Popular Chinese Drink \"Bubble Tea\"\n * Sayings of Confucius - Printable Quotes\n * Confucius: Sage of the Ages\n * Our Weekend in a Nutshell\n * Hakka Architecture: The Tulou\n * Congee & Hundred Year Old Eggs - Recipe for a Chin...\n * Chinese Dragons: Legends & Folktales with books an...\n * Around the World With Pancakes: Korean Hotteok\n * Our Weekend in a Nutshell\n * How to Make Chinese Shadow Puppets\n * Chinese Shadow Puppets\n * The Chinese Invented It: Gunpowder & Fireworks\n * Chinese Legend: The Monkey King\n * Irish Escapade: Recipe for Irish Coddle\n * Our Weekend in a Nutshell\n * Recipe: Hot and Sour Soup\n * Chinese Music: Traditional and Modern\n * ► October (18)\n * ► September (23)\n * ► August (18)\n * ► July (16)\n * ► June (22)\n * ► May (19)\n * ► April (15)\n * ► March (16)\n * ► February (24)\n * ► January (14)\n\n * ► 2012 (14)\n\n * ► February (4)\n * ► January (10)\n\n## Friday, November 22, 2013\n\n### Tutorial: How to make a Kite\n\nIn China, flying kites is a popular pastime. In fact, the Chinese may have\ninvented kites, though even if they didn't they were the force behind the\nspread of kite design to the rest of the world.\n\nTo read more about the Chinese history and legends of kites, read our post\nhere.\n\nWeeks ago, in getting ready for the Double Ninth festival, the girls made\ntheir own Chinese kites. They perused Demi's \"Kites: Magic Wishes that Fly Up\nto the Sky\" for inspiration. With rice paper, acrylic paints and thin dowels,\nwe jumped head first into making fanciful Chinese kites. They looked gorgeous!\nAs it turns out, we weren't being very practical.\n\nTheir gorgeous Chinese kites - they spent hours making them. Pea's butterfly\nkite symbolizes beauty and free spirit; Elle's bat kite symbolizes joy and\nlong life. \n--- \n \nKite making and flying is a science - many factors determine whether and how a\nkite will fly: balance, wind pressure, and gravity. You can read more about\nhow kites fly here. Various aspects of kite making determine its success,\nespecially the tow point - the angle at which your kite line is attached to\nyour kite. When making a kite without instructions, you will need to\nexperiment where your tow point should be, and the girls' beautiful kites were\nnot strong enough to withstand the trials. Our other mistake was trying them\nout in our spacious yard - spacious but surrounded by trees. As the wind goes\naround trees and buildings, it becomes turbulent, making it difficult to fly a\nkite. An empty field of sorts is ideal.\n\nThe Wright brothers used kites to study aerodynamics\n\nKites have been patched with lots of masking tape on the back, touched up and\nhanging as art (next to the tetrahedral kite we made years ago, but haven't\neven tried flying). \n--- \n \nWe then decided to try a simpler kite, the classic diamond shaped two stick\nkite. We were inspired by this, (though we made a single kite):\n\nAbove is an example of a train kite - mulitiple kites connected by a line\ntogether Photo Credit: Will Clayton \n \n--- \n \nAnd finally, over a month later, we flew it. (I kept waiting for the stars to\nalign with good weather, enough wind, both girls at home, and no previous\ncommitments or homework to complete, and the time to go the beach - I ended up\ngoing separate times with each girl) I ignored my own advice and took it to a\nbaseball field -- surrounded by trees. As noted above, the trees created too\nmuch turbulence. We had much more success at the beach, though luckily it was\ndeserted because it took a few tries to get it going. I wanted to make sure it\ncould fly before posting this :)\n\nYay! It can fly! \n--- \n \n### How to Make a Kite\n\nYou will need:\n\n * 1 sheet of standard 8.5 x 11 paper\n * Pencil, ruler, scissors\n * Newspaper (Hubby brought home a Chinese newspaper, and, well, what else was I going to do with it?)\n * Dowel (one 1/8\" dowel, 48\" long was all we needed, found at Home Depot)\n * Masking tape (there will be a lot of \"secure with tape\" - make sure it is good tape, and easy to peel off the roll)\n * Glue\n * Twine\n * Spool of quilting quality thread & needle (one with lots of thread)\n * Crepe streamer\n * Measuring tape\n * Paint or markers to decorate the kite\n * Small piece of wax paper (optional)\n\n 1. First, make your template with your sheet of paper. I made a \"half\" template to create a symmetrical kite, which is important for balance. Using a ruler, trace a diagonal line from top corner to opposite bottom corner, dividing it in half. Keep one half as is, and take the other half to form the top of your diamond - see picture below. Cut to size, and tape the two pieces together.\n\nCut along the lines, tape both pieces together \n--- \n \n2\\. Take a standard sheet of newspaper, folded in half. Place template with\nlong edge lined up along the fold of the newspaper. Trace and cut. The length,\nfrom top to bottom should be approximately 17 1/4\" and the width from left to\nright should be approximately 16 1/2\".\n\n3\\. Decorate your kite - it is easier to do that now rather then when it has\nrods in the back. Bright, bold colors will show up more when your kite is high\nup in the sky. Inspired by the Chinese kite train above, we painted an opera\nmask. You can download a free printable, ready to color or paint mask here\nthat can be glued on, or try painting it freehand. Let it dry before attaching\nrods to the back :)\n\n4\\. Cut your dowel into two pieces: 1 at 17 1/4\" long, and the other at 16\n1/2\" long. Don't throw out the leftover piece, you'll be using that for the\nkite reel. Using masking tape, cover each end of the dowels, so they don't\npierce through the paper. Lay the two dowels in form of cross using your kite\npiece as a guide. Using twine, secure the two pieces together where they meet\nin the middle. Place a piece of wax paper underneath the knotted center, and\ncover the twine with glue. Let dry. This ensures it stays good and sturdy. I\nused wax paper underneath so it could be peeled away once the glue dries.\n\n5\\. Secure dowels in place with masking tape - one piece at all four ends. Cut\neach corner perpendicular to the dowel so that folding the edge will be easier\n(see figure B, right image). Take twine, wrap it around the tip of one dowel,\nthen run it around all sides, twisting it securely at each tip, knotting it\nwhen you have returned to the first one. Make sure the twine is taut. This\nforms a frame. Secure the twine at each dowel tip with tape.\n\nFigure A \n--- \nFigure B \n--- \n \n6\\. Fold the edge of the paper over the framing twine. Unfold, spread glue\nover the edges, and press them over the string. Let dry.\n\n7\\. Attach the bridle string. The bridle is a string about 3 times as long as\nthe kite. The bridle is attached to the kite, in this case at both ends of the\nspine, and the kite line is attached to the bridle. Cut a piece of thread 53\"\nlong. Tie one end of your thread to the dowel at the bottom of the kite. Once\nknotted to dowel, thread it through the paper, to the painted side. Doing it\nthis way means you will see your image when the kite is flying. Thread the\nother end of your thread back through the paper at the top of the kite,\nknotting it to the top of the dowel. There should be hanging thread from the\nfront/painted side of the kite.\n\n8\\. Holding the length of thread from the top of the kite, measure down 17\".\nThis is your tow point, the point where the kite line will be attached. Tie a\nloop in your thread at this point (see top right image). If you lift your\nbridle from the loop, the thread should be shorter near the top of the kite.\n\n9\\. Make your kite reel. Rather than pulling it feet upon feet of thread to\nwrap it around something else (piece of wood or heavy cardboard) - I just used\nthe rest of the spool of thread. I poked the remaining piece of dowel through\nthe center of the spool, making sure there is enough length of dowel on either\nside of the spool to hold onto, and secured with tape. Attach the thread from\nyour reel to the loop on your kite bridle.\n\n10\\. Lastly, attach a tail to the kite. We used a paper streamer - actually,\nwe used two :). The tail should be 1 1/2 times the length of the spine - in\nthis case 26\" long. I added a much longer tail after having difficulty with\nthe kite spinning in circles - the second tail is 60\" long. Attach the tail to\nthe bottom end of the kite, securing with tape on the back. Make sure it is\ncentered.\n\nIt's done! Try taking the kite out for a spin. Despite crashing repeatedly\nafter spinning madly in circles (prior to the 2nd tail), this kite remained\nresilient and did not need any patching up. The longer, second tail really\nhelped stabilize it. It make take a few tries to get it up - but that is part\nof the fun. Keep in mind - location, location, location. An open field, with\nlight to medium wind is ideal. And don't forget to never fly near power lines.\n\nYou can find more cultural and historical activities at the following linkups:\n\nAll Things Beautiful ; Creative Kids Culture Blog Hop\n\nYou can find more creative and kid friendly activities at the following\nlinkups:\n\nEntertaining & Educational, Best for Future; AfterSchool Blog Hop\n\nLabels: china, chinese craft, craft, science\n\n#### 11 comments:\n\n 1. jmommymomNovember 23, 2013 at 2:07 AM\n\nI pinned this one. It's a great tutorial. My kids have tried several times to\nmake kites with little success. I grew up near the beach and always saw people\nflying kites there.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 23, 2013 at 1:05 PM\n\nThe beach was definitely an improvement - I'd love to hear about it if you try\nmaking a kite again.\n\nDelete\n\nReply\n\n 2. Lucinda @ NavigatingByJoy.comNovember 23, 2013 at 2:09 PM\n\nI agree - it's brilliant! C(9) plays around with making kites often. She made\none recently as part of a Cubs competition, and she was quite disappointed\nwith how hers flew (didn't fly!). I am going to share this with her, she'll\nlove it. I'd never really thought much about the science of kites (doh!).\nThank you for another inspiring post :-)\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 23, 2013 at 2:20 PM\n\nMaking a kite that flies really is a challenge - especially not wanted it to\nrip apart as it's being tested! Newspaper was surprisingly resilient :) If I\ncould have gotten away with it, kite making would definitely have been a\nscience lesson (harder to pull off when they've been in school all week...) -\nmaybe some was learned by proxy. She could probably still get her kite to fly\nby adjusting the tow point (where bridle meets kite line) even by just a\nlittle, or adding/lengthening the tail. I wish her luck!\n\nDelete\n\nReply\n\n 3. Angelic ScalliwagsNovember 24, 2013 at 6:52 PM\n\nThis is a really great tutorial! My guys make kites out of plastic bags,\nstraws and wool, with some success. Although I think calling them kites is\nprobably a stretch! I'm definitely going to have them try your method. Thank\nyou, Marie! ps Are you a teacher in real life?\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 25, 2013 at 9:37 AM\n\nI think they're on the right track - plastic bags really catch the wind - and\nif I wasn't making a Chinese kite, I think I would have gone that route with a\nsled design - they seem to be full proof. I think the great thing about kites\nis there are so many designs and variations - if it flies and you still have a\nhold on it - then it's a kite to be proud of :)\n\nDelete\n\nReply\n\n 4. PhyllisNovember 26, 2013 at 8:30 AM\n\nThis has been on my Want-To-Do list for a long time. Thank you for the great\ntutorial and for your faithful linking up.\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 26, 2013 at 9:57 AM\n\nThank you for hosting the link up Phyllis! I can't imagine there is anything\nleft on a want to do list for you - you do so much!\n\nDelete\n\nReply\n\n 5. Natalie AfterschoolForSmartyPantsNovember 26, 2013 at 2:11 PM\n\nMaking kites was on our list for China, but daughter was not interested, and\nwe never got to it. But your post reminded me that now would be a good time to\nfly our store-bought kite :) Thanks for sharing your tutorial with\nAfterschool!\n\nReplyDelete\n\nReplies\n\n 1. Marie-Claude LerouxNovember 26, 2013 at 3:19 PM\n\nIt'll probably be a much easier go with store bought ones!\n\nDelete\n\nReply\n\n 6. Richa SharmaApril 16, 2014 at 6:23 AM\n\nGreat job.... I want share a kitesurfing school website were kitesurfing lover\nlern how to launch kite wih proper instruction.\nhttp://www.kitesurfingnovascotia.com\n\nReplyDelete\n\nAdd comment\n\nLoad more...\n\nThanks for stopping by to visit. Please feel free to leave a comment, it's\nlovely to hear from you!\n\nNewer Post Older Post Home\n\nSubscribe to: Post Comments (Atom)\n\n## Let's Connect!\n\n## Recipes Around the World\n\n## Search This Blog\n\n## Popular Posts\n\n * Traditional Masks of West Africa | With roundup of masks you can make at home\n\n * Nigerian Adire Cloth | 3 Ways to make it at home with paper & cloth\n\n * Chinese Paper Cutting {With Tutorial & Template}\n\n * Greece Activity: Making Greek Worry Beads | World Cup for Kids Project\n\n * West African Game: How to make and play the mancala game Oware\n\n * Chinese New Year Lanterns\n\n## Blog Design by\n\nBlog Design by Delicious Design Studio\n\n## Disclaimer\n\nPlease link back to my site if using one of my images. All images on this blog\nare copyright to its\n\nrespectful owners. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/arts/kites.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420085217/https://www.travelchinaguide.com/intro/arts/kites.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Chinese Kites: Development, Patterns, Making Procedure",
"passages": [
"In ancient China the kite was known as 'Zhiyuan' (paper glede). Originally regarded as a technology, it also featured prominently in many art collections, and was considered to have unique artistic value.",
"It first appeared in the wars of the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476 BC). According to historical records, the prominent ideologist Mo Zi spent three years constructing a wooden kite which failed after one day's flight. One book noted that the master carpenter Lu Ban also made some which were flown high to spy on the situation of the enemy.",
"202 BC. The general of the Han troops Zhang Liang ordered his soldiers to fly kites in the heavy fog around the Chu troops led by Xiang Yu. Children sitting in the large kites played tunes of Chu (the present Hubei Province) on flutes. Hearing the melodies, the Chu soldiers began to miss their homes and scattered without fighting in the war. Xiang Yu, who had been so powerful and renowned for a time, cut his throat. Another use during this period was to deliver urgent messages.",
"During the prosperous Tang Dynasty (618 - 907), when amusements thrived with the development of culture and economy, kites became the cossets of the people of both court and country. Every Pure Brightness, people took time not just to worship their ancestors but also to take a walk in the countryside to enjoy pastoral life. Making and flying various kites reflected the pleasing mood of the spring. Kite-flying is now believed to be good for the health.",
"The delicate making procedure can be divided into three parts. Firstly, pare and flex bamboo into thin strips for the frame, making full use of the tenacity of the bamboo. According to taste, they can have shapes as diverse as that of a dragonfly, swallow, centipede or butterfly. Secondly, paste paper onto the framework. The paper is required to be tough and thin with even and long fibers. Some high quality ones are even covered with thin silk. Finally, decorate them with colorful chiffon, ribbons and paintings.",
"While the basic procedure remains the same, styles of kite-making vary in different regions. These in the 'World Kite Capital' of Weifang in Shandong Province are well known for their exquisite craftsmanship, materials, painting, sculpture and flexible flying movement. One of these kites, which was over 300 meters (984 feet) long and in the shape of a centipede with a dragon's head, won first place in the International Kite Festival held in Italy. It is now housed in the Weifang Kite Museum. Every year, the festival will be held there and is expected to draw many fans with a passion for flying kites.",
"Swallow-shaped kites are quite popular in Beijing. Craftsmen fashion them in many different ways. Some are strewed with peonies, bats and other auspicious patterns to bring the owner good fortune. These made in Nantong are usually flown with whistles and rings. When they are flying in the sky, they vividly resemble a bevy of birds. Tianjin boasts the large variety of kites. With many different unique and novel shapes, a larger one can measure hundreds of meters while the smallest can be put in an envelope. These with soft wings in the shape of insects, goldfish, clouds and even a swallow linked with dozens of little swallows are all available, and each of these attractive kites reflect the consummate skill of the craftsman.",
"If you are interested in flying a kite, you should choose a sunny and windy day so you can enjoy the open air, and take care to avoid electric wires and cars. You could take more than one with you and fly them according to the change of wind. The string on a kite wheel needs to be tough and durable. If your kite breaks off, make sure you retrieve all the stray thread in order not to harm others. And of course, a pair of sunglasses may prove useful in protect your eyes from bright sunshine.",
"Caleb, bamboo splints are needed for making the skelenton of the kites. It is a kind of wood, isn't? The reason why wood pieces are not used because of its density and weight. In other words, they are too heavy."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Chinese Kites: Development, Patterns, Making Procedure\n\nAnswers App\n\nHome| Global Tours| China Tours| Small Groups| Beijing| Day Trip| Tailor My\nTrip| Trains| Flights| City Guide| Reviews \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nArts & Crafts\n\n * Bronze Vessels\n * Calligraphy\n * Cloisonne\n * Embroidery\n * Folk Toys\n * Jade\n * Kites\n * Lacquer Ware\n * Lanterns\n * Music\n * Opera\n * Painting\n * Paper-Cut\n * Porcelain\n * Pottery\n * Seals\n * Shadow Puppetry\n * Silk\n\nHome / Chinese Culture / Arts & Crafts /\n\n# Chinese Kites\n\nIn ancient China the kite was known as 'Zhiyuan' (paper glede). Originally\nregarded as a technology, it also featured prominently in many art\ncollections, and was considered to have unique artistic value.\n\nA Phoenix-shaped Kite \n--- \n \nIt first appeared in the wars of the Spring and Autumn Period (770 BC - 476\nBC). According to historical records, the prominent ideologist Mo Zi spent\nthree years constructing a wooden kite which failed after one day's flight.\nOne book noted that the master carpenter Lu Ban also made some which were\nflown high to spy on the situation of the enemy.\n\nThe technology evolved further during the famous historical Chu-Han War of 203\n- 202 BC. The general of the Han troops Zhang Liang ordered his soldiers to\nfly kites in the heavy fog around the Chu troops led by Xiang Yu. Children\nsitting in the large kites played tunes of Chu (the present Hubei Province) on\nflutes. Hearing the melodies, the Chu soldiers began to miss their homes and\nscattered without fighting in the war. Xiang Yu, who had been so powerful and\nrenowned for a time, cut his throat. Another use during this period was to\ndeliver urgent messages.\n\nDuring the prosperous Tang Dynasty (618 - 907), when amusements thrived with\nthe development of culture and economy, kites became the cossets of the people\nof both court and country. Every Pure Brightness, people took time not just to\nworship their ancestors but also to take a walk in the countryside to enjoy\npastoral life. Making and flying various kites reflected the pleasing mood of\nthe spring. Kite-flying is now believed to be good for the health.\n\nThe delicate making procedure can be divided into three parts. Firstly, pare\nand flex bamboo into thin strips for the frame, making full use of the\ntenacity of the bamboo. According to taste, they can have shapes as diverse as\nthat of a dragonfly, swallow, centipede or butterfly. Secondly, paste paper\nonto the framework. The paper is required to be tough and thin with even and\nlong fibers. Some high quality ones are even covered with thin silk. Finally,\ndecorate them with colorful chiffon, ribbons and paintings.\n\nWhile the basic procedure remains the same, styles of kite-making vary in\ndifferent regions. These in the 'World Kite Capital' of Weifang in Shandong\nProvince are well known for their exquisite craftsmanship, materials,\npainting, sculpture and flexible flying movement. One of these kites, which\nwas over 300 meters (984 feet) long and in the shape of a centipede with a\ndragon's head, won first place in the International Kite Festival held in\nItaly. It is now housed in the Weifang Kite Museum. Every year, the festival\nwill be held there and is expected to draw many fans with a passion for flying\nkites.\n\nSwallow-shaped kites are quite popular in Beijing. Craftsmen fashion them in\nmany different ways. Some are strewed with peonies, bats and other auspicious\npatterns to bring the owner good fortune. These made in Nantong are usually\nflown with whistles and rings. When they are flying in the sky, they vividly\nresemble a bevy of birds. Tianjin boasts the large variety of kites. With many\ndifferent unique and novel shapes, a larger one can measure hundreds of meters\nwhile the smallest can be put in an envelope. These with soft wings in the\nshape of insects, goldfish, clouds and even a swallow linked with dozens of\nlittle swallows are all available, and each of these attractive kites reflect\nthe consummate skill of the craftsman.\n\nIf you are interested in flying a kite, you should choose a sunny and windy\nday so you can enjoy the open air, and take care to avoid electric wires and\ncars. You could take more than one with you and fly them according to the\nchange of wind. The string on a kite wheel needs to be tough and durable. If\nyour kite breaks off, make sure you retrieve all the stray thread in order not\nto harm others. And of course, a pair of sunglasses may prove useful in\nprotect your eyes from bright sunshine.\n\n\\- Last modified on Mar. 22, 2021 -\n\nQuestions & Answers on Chinese Kites\n\nAsked by Caleb from USA | Mar. 10, 2015 00:23Reply\n\nIs wood useful in kites, or not? Why was wood not a useful thing in making\nkites?\n\nAnswers (3)\n\nAnswered by Robin from AUSTRALIA | Mar. 13, 2015 01:30\n\n2120Reply\n\nCaleb, bamboo splints are needed for making the skelenton of the kites. It is\na kind of wood, isn't? The reason why wood pieces are not used because of its\ndensity and weight. In other words, they are too heavy.\n\nAnswered by ASDASD | Oct. 12, 2016 21:07\n\n1213Reply\n\nI like Chinese kites\n\nAnswered by Stephine from CHINA | Aug. 22, 2017 10:19\n\n36Reply\n\nThank you\n\nMore Questions & Answers\n\nAsk a Question\n\nAbout Us Contact Us Privacy | Loyalty & Referral Customer Service Affiliate\n\nCopyright © 1998-2021 All rights reserved. License Number:L-SNX00052\n\n"
}
] |
1,352,395 | How To Do a Simple Number Mind Trick | If you want to amaze your friend with a simple mind trick, first, tell them that you’re going to ask them to do some simple math and you’ll read their mind the whole time. Next, pretend to think hard for a moment, write the number 3 on a piece of paper, and fold it up so no one sees what you wrote. Once your secret answer is written down, ask your friend to pick a number and write it down so you can’t see. Then, instruct them to add 1 to that number. After adding 1, ask your friend to multiply the answer by 2. Then, tell them to add 4 to their last answer. At this point, put your hands to your head and pretend to use your magic powers before asking them to divide their total by 2. After they’ve divided it, have them subtract their original number from the last answer they got. Finally, ask them to announce the number they got and reveal the original piece of paper, as they should both be 3. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210414172358/https://www.learn-with-math-games.com/math-number-tricks.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190509162137/http://cybraryman.com:80/~jerry01/numbertricks.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200225010111/http://www.pleacher.com:80/mp/puzzles/tricks/nums.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200728122649/http://thinkmath.edc.org:80/resource/algebraic-thinking",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210815041253/https://www.umassmed.edu/bsrc/tricks/"
] | train | 42 | [
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"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414172358/https://www.learn-with-math-games.com/math-number-tricks.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Best Math Number Tricks.",
"passages": [
"Math Number Tricks help teach basic math skills. Most of us appreciate a good magic trick and the thing that's cool about this kind of trick is it's hard for the person you do it on to figure it out.",
"Kids love learning magic tricks. It's fun to amaze friends and relatives and have them scratch their heads and think \"wonder how he did that one?\"",
"Finally, have the person add the second number of his or her age to the figure and ave them tell you their answer.",
"Beginning with the letter A as 1, count over in the Alphabet that many letters ( I usually will count a few out loud \" A is 1, B is 2, C is 3.\")",
"Now think of a Country that begins with your letter (Only big Baseball fans, or Cigar smokers will get the Dominican Republic, the rest will get Denmark)",
"Explanation: The result of step 3 (adding together the digits of a multiple of nine) will always yield \"9\", so subtracting 5 yields 4, which in turn forces the letter \"D\".",
"Just follow the steps with a calculator or by hand for building math skills! Go ahead and try the trick without cheating!",
"The answer’s format is: month/day/year. For example, an answer of 123199 means that you were born on December 31, 1999. If the answer is not right, you followed the directions incorrectly or lied about your birthday.",
"PICK POCKET NUMBER TRICK: Pretty cool math trick to impress your friends and family by correctly guessing the amount of change they have in their pockets!",
"MIND READING NUMBER TRICK: Great trick. Takes you to another page. But come on back afterwords. And just keep clicking on the little guy in the bottom right hand corner and he'll tell you what to do.",
"Number Tricks: Check out more cool number tricks that students will love and will of course boost their mental math skills.",
"They have fun doing the math number tricks, but at the same time they are getting better at doing the math. Make sure they don't use a calculator...sort of defeats the purpose. You might also want to see the main elementary math games page or the middle school math games page."
]
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"parsed_md": "Best Math Number Tricks.\n\n# Fun Math Number Tricks\n\nMath Number Tricks help teach basic math skills. Most of us appreciate a good\nmagic trick and the thing that's cool about this kind of trick is it's hard\nfor the person you do it on to figure it out.\n\nKids love learning magic tricks. It's fun to amaze friends and relatives and\nhave them scratch their heads and think \"wonder how he did that one?\"\n\nFinding Someone’s Age - Number Trick\n\n * Ask the person to multiply the first number of his or her age by 5.\n * Tell them to add 3.\n * Now tell them to double this figure.\n * Finally, have the person add the second number of his or her age to the figure and ave them tell you their answer.\n * Deduct 6 and you will have their age.\n\nMath Number Tricks are great to use in the classroom!\n\nGrey Elephants in Denmark - Number Trick\n\n * Pick a number between 1 & 10.\n * Multiply by 9.\n * If the result is a two digit number, add the two digits together.\n * Subtract 5 from the resulting number.\n * Beginning with the letter A as 1, count over in the Alphabet that many letters ( I usually will count a few out loud \" A is 1, B is 2, C is 3.\")\n * Now think of a Country that begins with your letter (Only big Baseball fans, or Cigar smokers will get the Dominican Republic, the rest will get Denmark)\n * Take the second letter in your county and think of a Circus Animal that begins with that letter.\n * Wait a couple of seconds and say \"There are no Elephants in Denmark!\"\n\nExplanation: The result of step 3 (adding together the digits of a multiple of\nnine) will always yield \"9\", so subtracting 5 yields 4, which in turn forces\nthe letter \"D\".\n\nDetermine Your Birthday - Math Number Trick\n\nJust follow the steps with a calculator or by hand for building math skills!\nGo ahead and try the trick without cheating!\n\n * Add 18 to your birth month\n * Multiply by 25\n * Subtract 333\n * Multiply by 8\n * Subtract 554\n * Divide by 2\n * Add your birth date\n * Multiply by 5\n * Add 692\n * Multiply by 20\n * Add only the last two digits of your birth year\n * Subtract 32940 to get your birthday!\n\nThe answer’s format is: month/day/year. For example, an answer of 123199 means\nthat you were born on December 31, 1999. If the answer is not right, you\nfollowed the directions incorrectly or lied about your birthday.\n\nPICK POCKET NUMBER TRICK: Pretty cool math trick to impress your friends and\nfamily by correctly guessing the amount of change they have in their pockets!\n\nMIND READING NUMBER TRICK: Great trick. Takes you to another page. But come on\nback afterwords. And just keep clicking on the little guy in the bottom right\nhand corner and he'll tell you what to do.\n\nMath number tricks are great for practicing addition, subtraction,\nmultiplication, and division.\n\nNumber Tricks: Check out more cool number tricks that students will love and\nwill of course boost their mental math skills.\n\nThey have fun doing the math number tricks, but at the same time they are\ngetting better at doing the math. Make sure they don't use a calculator...sort\nof defeats the purpose. You might also want to see the main elementary math\ngames page or the middle school math games page.\n\nGo To main Math Tricks Page\n\nReturn from Math Number Tricks to Learn With Math Games Home\n\n[?]Subscribe To This Site\n\n * Home\n * What's New\n * Addition\n * Subtraction\n * Multiplication\n * Division\n * Fractions\n * Preschool Games\n * Kindergarten Games\n * Elementary School\n * Middle School\n * Math Tricks\n * Online Games\n * Printable Math Games\n * Interactive Games\n * About\n * Privacy Policy\n * Sitemap\n\n© Copyright 2007 - 2020 www.learn-with-math-games.com All rights reserved\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://cybraryman.com:80/~jerry01/numbertricks.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190509162137/http://cybraryman.com:80/~jerry01/numbertricks.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Numbeer Tricks",
"passages": [
"Cybrary Man's Educational Web Sites The internet catalogue for students, teachers, administrators & parents. Over 20,000 relevant links personally selected by an educator/author with over 30 years of experience.",
"Have student choose any number and to add 9 to it. (It would be easier if they pick small numbers to do this.)"
]
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"parsed_md": "Numbeer Tricks\n\n|\n\nCybrary Man's Educational Web Sites The internet catalogue for students,\nteachers, administrators & parents. Over 20,000 relevant links personally\nselected by an educator/author with over 30 years of experience.\n\n|\n\nEducators Parents Students General Home \n \n--- \n \n|\n\n# Number Tricks\n\nMental Shortcuts or Mentally Efficient Maths\n\nFor these activities have the students use a pencil or pen and paper to write\ndown each step.\n\nPROBLEM “A”\n\nHave student choose any number and to add 9 to it. (It would be easier if they\npick small numbers to do this.)\n\nHave student multiply this number by 2.\n\nSubtract 4.\n\nDivide the remainder by 2.\n\nSubtract the number first chosen.\n\nMagical Calculator Birthday Math Trick\n\nGuess My Birthday\n\nAge Calculator at Math Cats\n\nMathMagic Card Trick\n\nMental Math\n\nMental Math - Wikibooks, collection of open-content textbooks\n\nMy Math pages\n\n*MC18 \n \n---\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.pleacher.com:80/mp/puzzles/tricks/nums.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200225010111/http://www.pleacher.com:80/mp/puzzles/tricks/nums.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Some number Tricks",
"passages": [
"Take a number. Double it. Add 9. Subtract 3. Divide by 2. Subtract your original number. Your answer should be 3.",
"Do the algebra to explain it: Take a number: Let x = the number Double it: 2x Add 9: 2x + 9 Subtract 3: 2x + 6 Divide by 2: x + 3 Subtract your original number: 3 That's why your answer is 3.",
"The same basic trick also works with 4. Take a number. Double it. Add 12. Subtract the remarkable 4. Divide by 2. Subtract your original number. Your answer should be 4.",
"Ask somebody to think of a number and keep it secret. Then ask that person to double the secret number and then multiply by 5. Ask for the total. Whatever the total is, knock off the last digit and you will have the secret number the person mentally chose at the start.",
"There is a three-factor in this one. Multiply 37 by 3, and you have 111. Jump up three numbers to 6, and mutliply by 37 again. You have 222. Three more and you are at 9. Multiply by 37 again and you have 333. This \"jumpupthree\" routine works all the way up to 27 (27 x 37 = 999). After that, 37 loses its magic."
]
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"parsed_md": "Some number Tricks\n\n# Some number Tricks\n\n#### by Richard W. O'Donnell in Games Magazine\n\n * Home\n * Meet Mr. P\n * What's New\n * Humor\n * Quotes\n * Links\n * Puzzles & Games\n * Algebra Lesson Plans\n * Math Puzzles\n * Tricks\n * Number Tricks\n\n####\n\nThe Number 3 Trick\n\nTake a number. Double it. Add 9. Subtract 3. Divide by 2. Subtract your\noriginal number. Your answer should be 3.\n\nDo the algebra to explain it: Take a number: Let x = the number Double it: 2x\nAdd 9: 2x + 9 Subtract 3: 2x + 6 Divide by 2: x + 3 Subtract your original\nnumber: 3 That's why your answer is 3.\n\nThe Number 4 Trick\n\nThe same basic trick also works with 4. Take a number. Double it. Add 12.\nSubtract the remarkable 4. Divide by 2. Subtract your original number. Your\nanswer should be 4.\n\nDo the algebra to explain it...\n\nThe Number 5 Trick\n\nAsk somebody to think of a number and keep it secret. Then ask that person to\ndouble the secret number and then multiply by 5. Ask for the total. Whatever\nthe total is, knock off the last digit and you will have the secret number the\nperson mentally chose at the start.\n\nThe Number 37 Trick\n\nThere is a three-factor in this one. Multiply 37 by 3, and you have 111. Jump\nup three numbers to 6, and mutliply by 37 again. You have 222. Three more and\nyou are at 9. Multiply by 37 again and you have 333. This \"jumpupthree\"\nroutine works all the way up to 27 (27 x 37 = 999). After that, 37 loses its\nmagic.\n\nSend comments to: David Pleacher\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://thinkmath.edc.org:80/resource/algebraic-thinking",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200728122649/http://thinkmath.edc.org:80/resource/algebraic-thinking",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Algebraic thinking",
"passages": [
"Number tricks are fun for children. The fun, all by itself, is valuable, but is not mathematics. But understanding how the trick works is good mathematical, often algebraic, learning. And understanding a trick well enough lets children make up their own tricks.Under construction: Eventually, this will show many examples -- patterned growth, patterns in arithmetic, number tricks (like this one), and more -- and show ways that elementary school children can understand how they work.\"Think-of-a-number\" tricks",
"Think of a number (but don't tell me), do some arithmetic with that number, and I can predict your result.",
"Think of a number, do some arithmetic, tell me your result, and I can instantly say what number you started with.",
"Fourth graders love these tricks! Most of them (and even some younger children) are also ready to understand how they work and even to learn to make up their own tricks! Without the high-school notation, what they are learning is the beginnings of algebra!",
"I say Think of a number. I don't know what number you are thinking of, so I just imagine a bag with that number of marbles or candies in it.",
"The bag is closed, and tied, so I can't see in, but it doesn't matter. Your number is in there.",
"I know that if I tell you to add 3, I can picture that bag and three extras, this way:",
"Words for each step ---------| Pictures of the results ---|--- Think of a number. Add 3. Double that. Subtract 4. Cut that in half. Subtract your original number. Now it is easy to see...| The result is 1!",
"subtract only the marbles you can see. (No fair taking marbles out of the bag. The bag might have been empty!)",
"Drew, age 9, kept asking for new tricks, and then started inventing tricks of his own. Here are two to practice on. Draw the pictures yourself, to figure out what the \"magician\" should predict the result will be. Then make up your own tricks.",
"Trick 1: words for each step---------| Trick 1: Pictures ---|--- Think of a number. Double it. Add 10 Divide by 2. Subtract your original number. Triple the result. Aha!| Your result is... Trick 2: words for each step---------| Trick 2: Pictures ---|--- Think of a number. Add two. Multiply by 3. Add 2. Subtract your original number. Divide by 2. Subtract your original number again. Aha!| Your result is...",
"Here are three tricks Drew invented. Draw the pictures to figure out how he can easily figure out your starting number!",
"Drew's trick: words for each step---------| Trick 1: Pictures ---|--- Think of a number. Add 20. Quadruple that! Divide by 2. Subtract your original number. Tell me your result... Aha!| You started with... Drew's second trick: words for each step---------| Trick 2: Pictures ---|--- Think of a number. Add 2. Double that! Subtract 4. Subtract your original number. Aha!| Your answer is your original number! Drew's third trick: words for each step---------| Trick 3: Pictures ---|--- Think of a number. Add 5. Double that! Subtract your original number. Subtract 1. Subtract your original number. Aha!| Your answer is 9!",
"You can learn to multiply certain pairs of numbers, like 87x93 or 52x48 or 65x65 or 34x36 instantly in your head."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Algebraic thinking | Think Math!\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## Secondary Menu\n\n * Home\n * Contact Us\n * Login\n\n## Main Menu\n\n * Think Math!\n * Events\n * Presentations & Publications\n * FAQs\n * Resources\n\n# Algebraic thinking\n\n## Developing algebraic ideas and language\n\nNumber tricks are fun for children. The fun, all by itself, is valuable, but\nis not mathematics. But understanding how the trick works is good\nmathematical, often algebraic, learning. And understanding a trick well enough\nlets children make up their own tricks.Under construction: Eventually, this\nwill show many examples -- patterned growth, patterns in arithmetic, number\ntricks (like this one), and more -- and show ways that elementary school\nchildren can understand how they work.\"Think-of-a-number\" tricks\n\nThese tricks come in two types:\n\n 1. Think of a number (but don't tell me), do some arithmetic with that number, and I can predict your result.\n 2. Think of a number, do some arithmetic, tell me your result, and I can instantly say what number you started with.\n\nFourth graders love these tricks! Most of them (and even some younger\nchildren) are also ready to understand how they work and even to learn to make\nup their own tricks! Without the high-school notation, what they are learning\nis the beginnings of algebra!\n\n### The trick\n\n> An example of predicting the answer:\n\n> * Think of a number.\n> * Add 3.\n> * Double that.\n> * Subtract 4.\n> * Cut that in half.\n> * Subtract your original number.\n> * Your result is 1!\n>\n\n### How it works\n\nI say Think of a number. I don't know what number you are thinking of, so I\njust imagine a bag with that number of marbles or candies in it.\n\nThe bag is closed, and tied, so I can't see in, but it doesn't matter. Your\nnumber is in there.\n\nI know that if I tell you to add 3, I can picture that bag and three extras,\nthis way:\n\nWhen I tell you to double that, I double the quantities in my picture like\nthis:\n\nThen, when I say subtract 4, I mentally erase 4 of the extras:\n\nFrom the picture, itself, I can be sure that you can cut that in half, and I\npicture this:\n\nThe last instruction, subtract your original number, gets rid of the bag!\n\nThat's why I can predict your result without knowing what number you thought\nof. Your answer must be 1.\n\nWe can summarize this in a table.\n\nWords for each step ---------| Pictures of the results \n---|--- \nThink of a number. \nAdd 3. \nDouble that. \nSubtract 4. \nCut that in half. \nSubtract your original number. \nNow it is easy to see...| The result is 1! \n \n### Inventing your own tricks\n\nYou can make up tricks on your own as long as your rules[1] allow you to:\n\n * draw the pictures,\n * use whole bags and whole marbles (no fair cutting bags in half!), and\n * subtract only the marbles you can see. (No fair taking marbles out of the bag. The bag might have been empty!)\n\nDrew, age 9, kept asking for new tricks, and then started inventing tricks of\nhis own. Here are two to practice on. Draw the pictures yourself, to figure\nout what the \"magician\" should predict the result will be. Then make up your\nown tricks.\n\nTrick 1: words for each step---------| Trick 1: Pictures \n---|--- \nThink of a number. \nDouble it. \nAdd 10 \nDivide by 2. \nSubtract your original number. \nTriple the result. \nAha!| Your result is... \nTrick 2: words for each step---------| Trick 2: Pictures \n---|--- \nThink of a number. \nAdd two. \nMultiply by 3. \nAdd 2. \nSubtract your original number. \nDivide by 2. \nSubtract your original number again. \nAha!| Your result is... \n \n### Drew's inventions\n\n> Here are three tricks Drew invented. Draw the pictures to figure out how he\n> can easily figure out your starting number!\n>\n> Drew's trick: words for each step---------| Trick 1: Pictures \n> ---|--- \n> Think of a number. \n> Add 20. \n> Quadruple that! \n> Divide by 2. \n> Subtract your original number. \n> Tell me your result... \n> Aha!| You started with... \n> Drew's second trick: words for each step---------| Trick 2: Pictures \n> ---|--- \n> Think of a number. \n> Add 2. \n> Double that! \n> Subtract 4. \n> Subtract your original number. \n> Aha!| Your answer is your original number! \n> Drew's third trick: words for each step---------| Trick 3: Pictures \n> ---|--- \n> Think of a number. \n> Add 5. \n> Double that! \n> Subtract your original number. \n> Subtract 1. \n> Subtract your original number. \n> Aha!| Your answer is 9! \n \n 1. ↑ It is certainly possible to make up tricks without the restrictions given here, but they are not suitable for most students in elementary school. The algebra is not harder, but the pictures and arithmetic can be harder.\n\n## Mental two-digit multiplication\n\n### The trick\n\nYou can learn to multiply certain pairs of numbers, like 87x93 or 52x48 or\n65x65 or 34x36 instantly in your head.\n\n### How it works\n\nClick here, to learn how to do this trick and to understand how it works.\n\n## Resources\n\n * All Grades\n * Kindergarten\n * 1st Grade\n * 2nd Grade\n * 3rd Grade\n * 4th Grade\n * 5th Grade\n * Glossary\n * Games\n * Math Topics\n\n## Browsing by Topic\n\n * Addition/subtraction (3)\n * Algebra topics (2)\n * Common Core State Standards CCSS (4)\n * Geometry topics (14)\n * Implementing Think Math! (2)\n * Manipulative material or teaching aid (2)\n * Mathematical language (6)\n * Mental math (5)\n * Multiplication/division (5)\n * Number: whole, fraction, decimal, negative (8)\n * Pacing (1)\n * Philosophy of Think Math! (1)\n * Professional development (5)\n * Puzzles (6)\n\nSite hosted by Education Development Center, Inc. © Copyright 2016. All Rights\nReserved.\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.umassmed.edu/bsrc/tricks/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210815041253/https://www.umassmed.edu/bsrc/tricks/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Behavioral Sciences Research Core",
"passages": [
"Play a Math-Chase Game (http://dev.eyecon.com/marcia) -- for one or two players. (If you're using Netscape, Do Not Scroll down the page while this loads.",
"If you want more math challenges try the new PBS MATHLINE MATH CHALLENGESsite. Try it, you'll like it. (But remember we were first.)",
"Tell him or her (or her or him) to write the three numbers down next to each other, largest first and smallest last, to form a single 3-digit number. Tell him/her not to tell you what the numbers are.",
"Next have her or him form a new 3-digit number by reversing the digits, putting the smallest first and the largest last. And write this number right underneath the first number.",
"Now have him or her subtract the lower (and smaller) 3-digit number from the upper (and larger) 3-digit number. Tell them not to tell you what the result is.",
"1. Ask your friend to add up the three digits of the number that results from subtracting the smaller from the larger 3-digit number. Then amaze him or her by teling them what the sum of those three numbers is. The sum of the three digit answer will always be 18!\n2. Tell your friend that if she or he will tell you what the first OR last digit of the answer is, you will tell her or him what the other two digits are. This is possible because the middle digit will always be 9, and the other two digits will always sum to 9! So to get the digit other than the middle one (which is 9) and other than the digit that your friend tells you, just subtract the digit your friend tells you from 9, and that is the unknown digit.\nBack to Top",
"Here's a recipe for making your own 3 X 3 magic number square. This recipe and both of the above two magic squares comes from one heck of a great book called, Mathematics for the Million, by Lancelot Hogben, published by Norton and Company. I highly recommend it. You don't need much math at all to get into the adventure of numbers told in this classic book.",
"Always choose a so that it larger than the sum of b and c. That is, a > b + c. This guarantees no entries in the magic square is a negative number.",
"Using the formulas in the table below, you can make magic squares where the sum of the rows, columns, and diagonals are equal to 3 X whatever a is.",
"a + c| a + b - c| a - b ---|---|--- a - b - c| a| a + b + c a + b| a - b + c| a - c",
"To create the first Magic Square #15 above, you let a be equal to 5, let b be equal to 3, and let c be equal to 1. Here are some others:",
"Here's a magic square that not only adds up to 264 in all directions, but it does it even when it's upside down! If you don't believe me, look at it while you are standing on your head! (Or, just copy it out and turn it upside down.)",
"OK, here's a neat way to win bets with a magic square. Call a friend on the phone. Have him or her get a pencil and paper and bring it to the phone, so he or she can write down numbers from 1 to 9. Tell your friend that you will take turns calling out numbers from 1 to 9. Neither one of you can repeat a number that the other one calls out. Both of you then write down the numbers 1 to 9. Then when your friend says one of the numbers he or she draws a circle around that number, and so do you. When you say a number, you draw a square around that number, and so does your friend. The winner is whoever is the first one to get three numbers that add up exactly to 15.",
"Say you go first and you call out 8. Your friend might call out 6. You then call out 2. Your friend calls out 5, and you call out 4. Your friend calls out 7, and you call out 3. Then you tell your friend that you have just won because you called out 8, 3, and 4, which add up to 15.",
"Your friend will want to play again. So this time you can bet him you'll win, with the condition that in case of a draw (where you use up the numbers 1 to 9 without either of you getting a 15 total) nobody owes anything.",
"The tricks Actually the trick is based on both tic-tac-toe and a magic square. The magic square look like this:",
"Because this is a magic square, every row and every column and every diagonal adds up to 15. So if you've got this square in front of you with your friend on the phone, you can put an X in the squares of the number you call out, and an O in the squares of the numbers your friend calls out. Then, just like in tic-tac-toe, you try to get three X's in a row, because those will always add up to 15.",
"So in the example above, when you call out 8, you put an X in the upper left corner. When your friend says 6, you put an ) in the upper right corner. And so on.",
"You need an ordinary pack of cards for this wower. No fancy shuffling is required. Just follow these easy steps:",
"Ask a friend to pick one of the 36 cards, look at it and memorize it, and then put it back in the pile without letting you see it.",
"Lay the 36 cards out in 6 rows of 6 cards each. Be sure to deal the top row from left to right. Then deal the second row beneath it from left to right. And so on with each succeeding row laid out underneath the one before.",
"Ask your friend to look at the cards and tell you which row the chosen card is in. Remember what number the row is.",
"Carefully pick the cards up in the same order you laid them down. So the first card on the left of the top row is on top of the stack, and the last card on the right of the bottom row is on the bottom of the stack.",
"Now lay the cards down in 6 rows of 6 cards each, but this time spread the card one column at a time. Instead of proceeding from one row to the next, proceed from one column to the next. Lay the first six cards in a column from top to bottom on the far left. Then lay out the next six cards in a second column of six cards just to the right of the first column of six cards. Continue doing this until you have 6 columns of 6 cards each (which looks the same as 6 rows of 6 cards each -- because it is the same).",
"When you friend tells you which row the card is in, you can say what the exact chosen card is. How? If your friend said the card was in row 2 the first time, and in row 5 the second time, then the chosen card is the one in the second column of the fifth row. This is because the way you arrange the cards, what were rows the first time around become columns the second time around.",
"Here's a trick to wow them everytime! Have someone write down their Social Security number. Then have them rewrite it so that it is all scrambled up. (If they don't have a Social Security number, have them write down any 9 digits between 1 and 9.) If there are any zeroes, have them change them to any other number between 1 and 9. Then have them copy their nine numbers, in the same order, right next to the orginal nine numbers. This will give them a number with 18 digits in it, with the first half the same as the second half. Next change the second digit to a 7, and change the eleventh digit (this will be the same number as the second digit but in the second nine digits) to a 7 also. Then bet them that you can tell them what is left after dividing the number by 7 faster than they can figure it out by hand. The answer is 0 -- 7 divides into this new number exactly with nothing left over!",
"The following fun tables are from one of my favorite books of all time, Recreations in the Theory of Numbers, by Albert H. Beiler, published by Dover Publications. This book actually explains the mathematical reasons these tricks work.",
"Each and every 2-digit number that ends with a 9 is the sum of the multiple of the two digits plus the sum of the 2 digits. Thus, for example, 29= (2 X 9) + (2 + 9). 2 X 9 = 18. 2 + 9 = 11. 18 + 11 = 29.",
"40 is a unique number because when written as \"forty\" it is the only number whose letters are in alphabetical order.",
"A prime number is an integer greater than 1 that cannot be divided evenly by any other integer but itself (and 1). 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, and 17 are examples of prime numbers.",
"69 is the only number whose square and cube between them use all of the digits 0 to 9 once each: 69^2 = 4761 and 69^3 = 328,509.",
"There are some 318,979,564,000 possible ways of playing the first four moves on each side in a game of chess.",
"If all of the blood vessels in the human body were laid end to end, they would stretch for 100,000 miles.",
"5. In 1998, if you have already had your birthday this year, add 1748. If not, add 1747. In 1999, just add 1 to these two numbers (so add 1749 if you already had your birthday, and add 1748 if you haven't). In 2000, the number change to 1749 and 1748. And so on.",
"The next time you are with a group of people, and you want to impress them with your psychic powers, try this. Number everyone in the group from 1 to however many there are. Get a piece of string, and tell them to tie it on someone's finger while you leave the room or turn your back. Then say you can tell them not only who has it, but which hand and which finger it is on, if they will just do some easy math for you and tell you the answers. Then ask one of them to answer the following questions:",
"Ask them to tell you the answer. Then mentally subtract 222. The remainder gives the answer, beginning with the right-hand digit of the answer.",
"Now mentally subtract 222 = 623. The right-hand digit (3) tells you the string is on the third finger. The middle digit tells it is on the left hand (the right hand would = 1). The left-hand digit tells you it is Player #6 who has the string.",
"By the way, when the number of the person is over 9, you will get a FOUR-digit number, and the TWO left-hand digits will be the number of the Player.",
"(This is from a great book called, Giant Book of Puzzles & Games, by Sheila Anne Barry. Published by Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., NY, 1978, recently reissued in paperback.)",
"Stay tuned for more Math Tricks. They will be added from time to time, so be sure to check in again."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Math Tricks - Behavioral Sciences Research Core - UMASS Medical School\n\nCampus alert status is yellow: For the latest UMMS campus alert status, news\nand resources, visit umassmed.edu/coronavirus\n\nBehavioral Sciences Research Core\n\nPage Menu\n\nx\n\n# Math Tricks for All Ages\n\n### This web page is devoted to the incredibly boffo idea that math can be\nfun!\n\n### Try these tricks:\n\n * Easy Magic Addition\n * Magic Square #15\n * Magic Square #34\n * Make Your Own Magic Square\n * Upside Down Magic Square\n * Anti-magic Square\n * Win Bets With This Square\n * Magic Card Trick\n * Lightning Calculator\n * Fun Number Tables\n * Did You Know...?\n * A Trick for This Year\n * Where is the String?\n * Humongous Magic Square\n\n## Here are some interesting links:\n\n * A Reading list of Tricky Math Books, most of which I have used for this site.\n * Learn about the original computer: The Abacus (http://www.ee.ryerson.ca:8080/~elf/abacus/)\n * Play a Math-Chase Game (http://dev.eyecon.com/marcia) -- for one or two players. (If you're using Netscape, Do Not Scroll down the page while this loads.\n * Play at Shoot Balls (http://www.fi.uu.nl/wisweb/en/applets/bollen/Welcome.html).\n * Play Flippo 24 (http://www.fi.uu.nl/wisweb/en/applets/bollen/Welcome.html).\n * Test your knowledge of the multiplication tables (http://www.fi.uu.nl/wisweb/en/applets/tafels/Welcome.html)\n * Try your hand at estimation (http://www.fi.uu.nl/wisweb/en/applets/bollen/Welcome.html).\n * Explore Geometryin a fun and interactive way.\n * Try the Tower of Hanoi Puzzle (http://www.eng.auburn.edu/~fwushan/Hanoi1.html).\n * See what a Spriographis (http://www.mainstrike.com/mstservices/handy/Spiro/).\n * See what a Mandelbrot setis (http://www.franceway.com/java/fractale/mandel_b.htm).\n * If you want more math challenges try the new PBS MATHLINE MATH CHALLENGESsite. Try it, you'll like it. (But remember we were first.)\n\n## Magic Addition Trick #1\n\nAmaze the peons with this one. It's simple. It's effective. It gets them every\ntime.\n\n 1. Ask your mark to pick three (3) different numbers between 1 and 9.\n 2. Tell him or her (or her or him) to write the three numbers down next to each other, largest first and smallest last, to form a single 3-digit number. Tell him/her not to tell you what the numbers are.\n 3. Next have her or him form a new 3-digit number by reversing the digits, putting the smallest first and the largest last. And write this number right underneath the first number.\n 4. Now have him or her subtract the lower (and smaller) 3-digit number from the upper (and larger) 3-digit number. Tell them not to tell you what the result is.\n 5. Now you have a choice of wrap-ups:\n\n 1. Ask your friend to add up the three digits of the number that results from subtracting the smaller from the larger 3-digit number. Then amaze him or her by teling them what the sum of those three numbers is. The sum of the three digit answer will always be 18!\n 2. Tell your friend that if she or he will tell you what the first OR last digit of the answer is, you will tell her or him what the other two digits are. This is possible because the middle digit will always be 9, and the other two digits will always sum to 9! So to get the digit other than the middle one (which is 9) and other than the digit that your friend tells you, just subtract the digit your friend tells you from 9, and that is the unknown digit.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Magic Square #15\n\nEvery row and column sums to 15 in this magic square. So do both diagonals!\n\n8| 3| 4 \n---|---|--- \n1| 5| 9 \n6| 7| 2 \n \nBack to Top\n\n## Magic Square #34\n\nEvery row and column sums to 34 in this magic square. So do both diagonals!\n\n1| 15| 14| 4 \n---|---|---|--- \n12| 6| 7| 9 \n8| 10| 11| 5 \n13| 3| 2| 16 \n \nBack to Top\n\n## A Recipe for Your Own 3 X 3 Magic Square\n\nHere's a recipe for making your own 3 X 3 magic number square. This recipe and\nboth of the above two magic squares comes from one heck of a great book\ncalled, Mathematics for the Million, by Lancelot Hogben, published by Norton\nand Company. I highly recommend it. You don't need much math at all to get\ninto the adventure of numbers told in this classic book.\n\nSome necessary rules and definitions:\n\n 1. Let the letters a, b, and c stand for integers (that is, whole numbers).\n 2. Always choose a so that it larger than the sum of b and c. That is, a > b + c. This guarantees no entries in the magic square is a negative number.\n 3. Do not let 2 X b = c. This quarantees you won't get the same number in different cells.\n 4. Using the formulas in the table below, you can make magic squares where the sum of the rows, columns, and diagonals are equal to 3 X whatever a is.\n\na + c| a + b - c| a - b \n---|---|--- \na - b - c| a| a + b + c \na + b| a - b + c| a - c \n \nTo create the first Magic Square #15 above, you let a be equal to 5, let b be\nequal to 3, and let c be equal to 1. Here are some others:\n\n * a = 6, b = 3, c = 2\n * a = 6, b = 3, c = 1\n * a = 7, b = 3, c = 2\n * a = 7, b = 4, c = 2\n * a = 8, b = 6, c = 1\n * a = 8, b = 5, c = 2\n * a = 8, b = 4, c = 3\n\nTry making up some of your own.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Upside Down Magic Square\n\nHere's a magic square that not only adds up to 264 in all directions, but it\ndoes it even when it's upside down! If you don't believe me, look at it while\nyou are standing on your head! (Or, just copy it out and turn it upside down.)\n\n96| 11| 89| 68 \n---|---|---|--- \n88| 69| 91| 16 \n61| 86| 18| 99 \n19| 98| 66| 81 \n \nBack to Top\n\n## Anti-magic Square\n\nHere's a magic square with as many different totals as possible.\n\n5| 1| 3 \n---|---|--- \n4| 2| 6 \n8| 7| 9 \n \nThis table produces 8 different totals.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Win Bets with this Magic Square\n\nOK, here's a neat way to win bets with a magic square. Call a friend on the\nphone. Have him or her get a pencil and paper and bring it to the phone, so he\nor she can write down numbers from 1 to 9. Tell your friend that you will take\nturns calling out numbers from 1 to 9. Neither one of you can repeat a number\nthat the other one calls out. Both of you then write down the numbers 1 to 9.\nThen when your friend says one of the numbers he or she draws a circle around\nthat number, and so do you. When you say a number, you draw a square around\nthat number, and so does your friend. The winner is whoever is the first one\nto get three numbers that add up exactly to 15.\n\nSay you go first and you call out 8. Your friend might call out 6. You then\ncall out 2. Your friend calls out 5, and you call out 4. Your friend calls out\n7, and you call out 3. Then you tell your friend that you have just won\nbecause you called out 8, 3, and 4, which add up to 15.\n\nYour friend will want to play again. So this time you can bet him you'll win,\nwith the condition that in case of a draw (where you use up the numbers 1 to 9\nwithout either of you getting a 15 total) nobody owes anything.\n\nIf you know the trick, you will never lose, and will probably will most times.\n\nThe tricks Actually the trick is based on both tic-tac-toe and a magic square.\nThe magic square look like this:\n\n8| 1| 6 \n---|---|--- \n3| 5| 7 \n4| 9| 2 \n \nBecause this is a magic square, every row and every column and every diagonal\nadds up to 15. So if you've got this square in front of you with your friend\non the phone, you can put an X in the squares of the number you call out, and\nan O in the squares of the numbers your friend calls out. Then, just like in\ntic-tac-toe, you try to get three X's in a row, because those will always add\nup to 15.\n\nSo in the example above, when you call out 8, you put an X in the upper left\ncorner. When your friend says 6, you put an ) in the upper right corner. And\nso on.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Mathematical Card Trick\n\nYou need an ordinary pack of cards for this wower. No fancy shuffling is\nrequired. Just follow these easy steps:\n\n 1. Shuffle the cards to mix them thoroughly.\n 2. Deal out 36 cards into a pile.\n 3. Ask a friend to pick one of the 36 cards, look at it and memorize it, and then put it back in the pile without letting you see it.\n 4. Shuffle the 36 cards.\n 5. Lay the 36 cards out in 6 rows of 6 cards each. Be sure to deal the top row from left to right. Then deal the second row beneath it from left to right. And so on with each succeeding row laid out underneath the one before.\n 6. Ask your friend to look at the cards and tell you which row the chosen card is in. Remember what number the row is.\n 7. Carefully pick the cards up in the same order you laid them down. So the first card on the left of the top row is on top of the stack, and the last card on the right of the bottom row is on the bottom of the stack.\n 8. Now lay the cards down in 6 rows of 6 cards each, but this time spread the card one column at a time. Instead of proceeding from one row to the next, proceed from one column to the next. Lay the first six cards in a column from top to bottom on the far left. Then lay out the next six cards in a second column of six cards just to the right of the first column of six cards. Continue doing this until you have 6 columns of 6 cards each (which looks the same as 6 rows of 6 cards each -- because it is the same).\n 9. Once again ask your friend which row contains the chosen card.\n 10. When you friend tells you which row the card is in, you can say what the exact chosen card is. How? If your friend said the card was in row 2 the first time, and in row 5 the second time, then the chosen card is the one in the second column of the fifth row. This is because the way you arrange the cards, what were rows the first time around become columns the second time around.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Lightning Calculator\n\nHere's a trick to wow them everytime! Have someone write down their Social\nSecurity number. Then have them rewrite it so that it is all scrambled up. (If\nthey don't have a Social Security number, have them write down any 9 digits\nbetween 1 and 9.) If there are any zeroes, have them change them to any other\nnumber between 1 and 9. Then have them copy their nine numbers, in the same\norder, right next to the orginal nine numbers. This will give them a number\nwith 18 digits in it, with the first half the same as the second half. Next\nchange the second digit to a 7, and change the eleventh digit (this will be\nthe same number as the second digit but in the second nine digits) to a 7\nalso. Then bet them that you can tell them what is left after dividing the\nnumber by 7 faster than they can figure it out by hand. The answer is 0 -- 7\ndivides into this new number exactly with nothing left over!\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Fun Number Tables\n\nThe following fun tables are from one of my favorite books of all time,\nRecreations in the Theory of Numbers, by Albert H. Beiler, published by Dover\nPublications. This book actually explains the mathematical reasons these\ntricks work.\n\n3 x 37 = 111 and 1 + 1 + 1 = 3\n\n6 x 37 = 222 and 2 + 2 + 2 = 6\n\n9 x 37 = 333 and 3 + 3 + 3 = 9\n\n12 x 37 = 444 and 4 + 4 + 4 = 12\n\n15 x 37 = 555 and 5 + 5 + 5 = 15\n\n18 x 37 = 666 and 6 + 6 + 6 = 18\n\n21 x 37 = 777 and 7 + 7 + 7 = 21\n\n24 x 37 = 888 and 8 + 8 + 8 = 24\n\n27 x 37 = 999 and 9 + 9 + 9 = 27\n\n1 x 1 = 1\n\n11 x 11 = 121\n\n111 x 111 = 12321\n\n1111 x 1111 = 1234321\n\n11111 x 11111 = 123454321\n\n111111 x 111111 = 12345654321\n\n1111111 x 1111111 = 1234567654321\n\n11111111 x 11111111 = 123456787654321\n\n111111111 x 111111111=12345678987654321\n\n1 x 9 + 2 = 11\n\n12 x 9 + 3 = 111\n\n123 x 9 + 4 = 1111\n\n1234 x 9 + 5 = 11111\n\n12345 x 9 + 6 = 111111\n\n123456 x 9 + 7 = 1111111\n\n1234567 x 9 + 8 = 11111111\n\n12345678 x 9 + 9 = 111111111\n\n123456789 x 9 +10 = 1111111111\n\n9 x 9 + 7 = 88\n\n98 x 9 + 6 = 888\n\n987 x 9 + 5 = 8888\n\n9876 x 9 + 4 = 88888\n\n98765 x 9 + 3 = 888888\n\n987654 x 9 + 2 = 8888888\n\n9876543 x 9 + 1 = 88888888\n\n98765432 x 9 + 0 = 888888888\n\n1 x 8 + 1 = 9\n\n12 x 8 + 2 = 98\n\n123 x 8 + 3 = 987\n\n1234 x 8 + 4 = 9876\n\n12345 x 8 + 5 = 98765\n\n123456 x 8 + 6 = 987654\n\n1234567 x 8 + 7 = 9876543\n\n12345678 x 8 + 8 = 98765432\n\n123456789 x 8 + 9 = 987654321\n\n7 x 7 = 49\n\n67 x 67 = 4489\n\n667 x 667 = 444889\n\n6667 x 6667 = 44448889\n\n66667 x 66667 = 4444488889\n\n666667 x 666667 = 444444888889\n\n6666667 x 6666667 = 44444448888889\n\netc.\n\n4 x 4 = 16\n\n34 x 34 = 1156\n\n334 x 334 = 111556\n\n3334 x 3334 = 11115556\n\n33334 x 33334 = 1111155556\n\netc.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Did You Know...?\n\nEach and every 2-digit number that ends with a 9 is the sum of the multiple of\nthe two digits plus the sum of the 2 digits. Thus, for example, 29= (2 X 9) +\n(2 + 9). 2 X 9 = 18. 2 + 9 = 11. 18 + 11 = 29.\n\n40 is a unique number because when written as \"forty\" it is the only number\nwhose letters are in alphabetical order.\n\nA prime number is an integer greater than 1 that cannot be divided evenly by\nany other integer but itself (and 1). 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, and 17 are examples\nof prime numbers.\n\n139 and 149 are the first consecutive primes differing by 10.\n\n69 is the only number whose square and cube between them use all of the digits\n0 to 9 once each: 69^2 = 4761 and 69^3 = 328,509.\n\nOne pound of iron contains an estimated 4,891,500,000,000,000,000,000,000\natoms.\n\nThere are some 318,979,564,000 possible ways of playing the first four moves\non each side in a game of chess.\n\nThe earth travels over one and a half million miles every day.\n\nThere are 2,500,000 rivets in the Eiffel Tower.\n\nIf all of the blood vessels in the human body were laid end to end, they would\nstretch for 100,000 miles.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## A Math Trick for This Year\n\nThis one will supposedly only work in 1998, but actually one change will let\nit work for any year.\n\n1\\. Pick the number of days a week that you would like to go out (1-7).\n\n2\\. Multiply this number by 2.\n\n3\\. Add 5.\n\n4\\. Multiply the new total by 50.\n\n5\\. In 1998, if you have already had your birthday this year, add 1748. If\nnot, add 1747. In 1999, just add 1 to these two numbers (so add 1749 if you\nalready had your birthday, and add 1748 if you haven't). In 2000, the number\nchange to 1749 and 1748. And so on.\n\n6\\. Subtract the four digit year that you were born (19XX).\n\nResults:\n\nYou should have a three-digit number.\n\nThe first digit of this number was the number of days you want to go out each\nweek (1-7).\n\nThe last two digits are your age.\n\n(Thanks for passing this one on to me, Judy.)\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Where is the String?\n\nThe next time you are with a group of people, and you want to impress them\nwith your psychic powers, try this. Number everyone in the group from 1 to\nhowever many there are. Get a piece of string, and tell them to tie it on\nsomeone's finger while you leave the room or turn your back. Then say you can\ntell them not only who has it, but which hand and which finger it is on, if\nthey will just do some easy math for you and tell you the answers. Then ask\none of them to answer the following questions:\n\n1\\. Multiply the number of the person with the string by 2.\n\n2\\. Add 3.\n\n3\\. Multiply the result by 5.\n\n4\\. If the string is on the right hand add 8.\n\nIf the string is on the left hand add 9.\n\n5\\. Multiply by 10.\n\n6\\. Add the number of the finger (the thumb = 1).\n\n7\\. Add 2.\n\nAsk them to tell you the answer. Then mentally subtract 222. The remainder\ngives the answer, beginning with the right-hand digit of the answer.\n\nFor example, suppose the string is on the third finger of the left hand of\nPlayer #6:\n\n1\\. Multiply by 2 = 12.\n\n2\\. Add 3 = 15.\n\n3\\. Multiply by 5 = 75.\n\n4\\. Since the string is on the left hand, add 9 = 84.\n\n5\\. Multiply by 10 = 840.\n\n6\\. Add the number of the finger (3) = 843.\n\n7\\. Add 2 = 845.\n\nNow mentally subtract 222 = 623. The right-hand digit (3) tells you the string\nis on the third finger. The middle digit tells it is on the left hand (the\nright hand would = 1). The left-hand digit tells you it is Player #6 who has\nthe string.\n\nBy the way, when the number of the person is over 9, you will get a FOUR-digit\nnumber, and the TWO left-hand digits will be the number of the Player.\n\nWhat is the Secret?\n\n(This is from a great book called, Giant Book of Puzzles & Games, by Sheila\nAnne Barry. Published by Sterling Publishing Co., Inc., NY, 1978, recently\nreissued in paperback.)\n\nStay tuned for more Math Tricks. They will be added from time to time, so be\nsure to check in again.\n\nThis is an official Page of the University of Massachusetts Medical School\n\nBehavioral Sciences Research Core • 55 Lake Avenue North Worcester,\nMassachusetts 01605\n\nQuestions or Comments? Email: Kenneth.Fletcher@umassmed.edu Phone:\n508-856-3329\n\nPrivacy Statement\n\n"
}
] |
2,959,010 | How To Prevent Sinus Infections | To prevent sinus infections, remember to wash your hands frequently, especially before eating and after you've been out in public. You should also drink at least 8 glasses of water a day since you're more susceptible to a sinus infection if you're dehydrated. Also, try to get 7-9 hours of sleep every night and eat a healthy diet to boost your immune system, which defends your body from infections. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180528234207/http://www.wakehealth.edu:80/Health-Central/Sinus-Infection-Prevention-and-Treatment/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211028192213/http://www.apa.org/research/action/immune.aspx",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160401034952/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/basics/prevention/con-20020609",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20160419080448/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/basics/definition/con-20020609",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518095240/https://www.choosingwisely.org/patient-resources/treating-sinusitis-aafp/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160419192730/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/acute-sinusitis/basics/symptoms/con-20020609",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210712060957/https://www.cdc.gov/antibiotic-use/sinus-infection.html?CDC_AA_refVal=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.cdc.gov%2Fantibiotic-use%2Fcommunity%2Ffor-patients%2Fcommon-illnesses%2Fsinus-infection.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210914181929/https://www.health.harvard.edu/staying-healthy/how-to-boost-your-immune-system"
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"The sinuses are small, hollow spaces inside the head. They drain into the nose. The sinuses often cause problems after a cold. They can also cause problems if they get blocked up from hay fever and other allergies. The medical name for sinus problems is sinusitis.",
"Sinus problems can be very uncomfortable. You may feel stuffed up. You may have yellow, green, or gray mucus. And you may feel pain or pressure around your eyes, cheeks, forehead, or teeth.",
"Each year, millions of people use antibiotic drugs to treat sinus problems. However, they usually do not need antibiotics. Here’s why:",
"Most antibiotics do not cost very much. But why waste your money? Patients often ask for antibiotics, and doctors often give them. As a result, Americans spend an extra $31 million a year on health care costs.",
"About one out of every four people who take antibiotics has side effects, such as dizziness, stomach problems, and rashes.",
"Overuse of antibiotics has become a serious problem. When you use them too much, they stop working as well. Then, when you do need them, they may not help as much.",
"You usually need an antibiotic when you have an infection that is caused by bacteria, and the infection is not going away on its own. This may be the case when:",
"When you need an antibiotic, ask your doctor if you can use generic amoxicillin. It is usually the best choice. It costs less than $10 for a prescription. It works just as well as brand-name antibiotics, such as Augmentin, that cost much more.",
"A CT scan is a series of X-rays. It gives your doctor a picture of your sinuses. Some doctors recommend a CT scan when you have a sinus problem. But usually you do not need a CT scan. Generally, you only need a CT scan if you have sinus problems often, or if you are thinking about having sinus surgery.",
"This report is for you to use when talking with your healthcare provider. It is not a substitute for medical advice and treatment. Use of this report is at your own risk."
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"parsed_md": "Treating Sinusitis (AAFP) | Choosing Wisely\n\nMENU\n\nGetting Started Lists of Recommendations Search Patient Resources Adult,\nGeriatric Treating Sinusitis (AAFP)\n\n# Treating Sinusitis\n\n### Don’t rush to antibiotics\n\nDOWNLOAD PDF\n\nThe sinuses are small, hollow spaces inside the head. They drain into the\nnose. The sinuses often cause problems after a cold. They can also cause\nproblems if they get blocked up from hay fever and other allergies. The\nmedical name for sinus problems is sinusitis.\n\nSinus problems can be very uncomfortable. You may feel stuffed up. You may\nhave yellow, green, or gray mucus. And you may feel pain or pressure around\nyour eyes, cheeks, forehead, or teeth.\n\nEach year, millions of people use antibiotic drugs to treat sinus problems.\nHowever, they usually do not need antibiotics. Here’s why:\n\n### Antibiotics usually do not help sinus problems.\n\n * Antibiotics kill bacteria. They do not kill viruses or help allergies. Viruses or allergies cause most sinus problems.\n * Sinus problems usually get better in a week or so without drugs, even when bacteria cause them.\n\n### Antibiotics cost money.\n\nMost antibiotics do not cost very much. But why waste your money? Patients\noften ask for antibiotics, and doctors often give them. As a result, Americans\nspend an extra $31 million a year on health care costs.\n\n### Antibiotics have risks.\n\n * About one out of every four people who take antibiotics has side effects, such as dizziness, stomach problems, and rashes.\n * In rare cases, people have severe allergic reactions to antibiotics.\n * Overuse of antibiotics has become a serious problem. When you use them too much, they stop working as well. Then, when you do need them, they may not help as much.\n\n### When should you use antibiotics?\n\nYou usually need an antibiotic when you have an infection that is caused by\nbacteria, and the infection is not going away on its own. This may be the case\nwhen:\n\n * Your symptoms last longer than 10 days.\n * Your symptoms start to get better, but then get worse again.\n * Your symptoms are very severe. You should get immediate treatment if:\n\n * You have severe pain and tenderness in the area around your nose and eyes.\n * You have signs of a skin infection—such as a hot, red rash that spreads quickly.\n * You have a fever over 102° F.\n\n### When you need an antibiotic, which one should you use?\n\nWhen you need an antibiotic, ask your doctor if you can use generic\namoxicillin. It is usually the best choice. It costs less than $10 for a\nprescription. It works just as well as brand-name antibiotics, such as\nAugmentin, that cost much more.\n\n### What about a CT scan?\n\nA CT scan is a series of X-rays. It gives your doctor a picture of your\nsinuses. Some doctors recommend a CT scan when you have a sinus problem. But\nusually you do not need a CT scan. Generally, you only need a CT scan if you\nhave sinus problems often, or if you are thinking about having sinus surgery.\n\nThis report is for you to use when talking with your healthcare provider. It\nis not a substitute for medical advice and treatment. Use of this report is at\nyour own risk.\n\n© 2016 Consumer Reports. Developed in cooperation with the American Academy of\nFamily Physicians.\n\n04/2012\n\n### Disponible en Español\n\nCómo tratar la sinusitis\n\nContinue the Conversation\n\nDownload the Choosing Wisely App\n\nChoosing Wisely® is an initiative of the ABIM Foundation. © 2021. All rights\nreserved.\n\n510 Walnut Street, Suite 1700 Philadelphia, PA 19106 Privacy Policy | Contact\nABIM Foundation\n\n"
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"Sinus infections happen when fluid builds up in the air-filled pockets in the face (sinuses), which allows germs to grow. Viruses cause most sinus infections, but bacteria can cause some sinus infections.",
"Structural problems within the sinuses (such as growths on the lining of the nose or sinuses, known as nasal polyps)",
"When you have a sinus infection, one or more of your sinuses becomes inflamed and fluid builds up, causing congestion and runny nose.",
"When you have a sinus infection, one or more of your sinuses becomes inflamed and fluid builds up, causing congestion and runny nose.",
"baby icon See a doctor right away if your child is younger than 3 months old and has a fever of 100.4 °F (38 °C) or higher.",
"Antibiotics are not needed for many sinus infections. Most sinus infections usually get better on their own without antibiotics. When antibiotics aren’t needed, they won’t help you, and their side effects could still cause harm. Side effects can range from minor issues, like a rash, to very serious health problems, such as antibiotic-resistant infections and C. diff infection, which causes diarrhea that can lead to severe colon damage and death.",
"Watchful waiting: Your child’s doctor may suggest watching and waiting to see if your child needs antibiotics. This gives the immune system time to fight off the infection. If your child doesn’t feel better after 2–3 days of rest, extra fluids, and pain relievers, the doctor may write a prescription for an antibiotic.",
"Delayed prescribing: Your child’s doctor may give an antibiotic prescription but suggest that you wait 2–3 days to see if your child is still sick before filling it.",
"Ask your doctor or pharmacist about over-the-counter medicines that can help you feel better. Always use over-the-counter medicines as directed.",
"Be careful about giving over-the-counter medicines to children. Not all over- the-counter medicines are recommended for children of certain ages.",
"Never give aspirin to children because it can cause Reye’s syndrome, a rare but very serious illness that harms the liver and brain.",
"Children younger than 4 years old: do not use unless a doctor specifically tells you to. Use of over-the-counter cough and cold medicines in young children can result in serious and potentially life-threatening side effects.",
"Children 4 years or older: discuss with your child’s doctor if over-the-counter cough and cold medicines are safe to give to your child for temporary symptom relief.",
"Be sure to ask your doctor or pharmacist about the right dosage of over-the- counter medicines for your child’s age and size. Also, tell your child’s doctor and pharmacist about all prescription and over-the-counter medicines they are taking.",
"If you are considering using a sinus rinse, visit Sinus Rinsing for Health or Religious Practice for how to do so safely.",
"Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website."
]
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"parsed_md": "Sinus Infection (Sinusitis) | Antibiotic Use | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nAntibiotic Prescribing and Use\n\n# Sinus Infection (Sinusitis)\n\nEspañol: InfecciĂłn de los senos paranasales (sinusitis)\n\nRelated Pages\n\nStuffy nose that just isn’t getting better? You might have a sinus infection,\nalso called sinusitis\n\nAntibiotics are not needed for many sinus infections, but your doctor can\ndecide if you need an antibiotic.\n\n### Causes\n\nSinus infections happen when fluid builds up in the air-filled pockets in the\nface (sinuses), which allows germs to grow. Viruses cause most sinus\ninfections, but bacteria can cause some sinus infections.\n\n### Risk Factors\n\nSeveral factors can increase your risk of getting a sinus infection:\n\n * A previous cold\n * Seasonal allergies\n * Smoking and exposure to secondhand smoke\n * Structural problems within the sinuses (such as growths on the lining of the nose or sinuses, known as nasal polyps)\n * A weak immune system or taking drugs that weaken the immune system\n\n### Symptoms\n\nCommon symptoms of sinus infections include:\n\n * Runny nose\n * Stuffy nose\n * Facial pain or pressure\n * Headache\n * Mucus dripping down the throat (post-nasal drip)\n * Sore throat\n * Cough\n * Bad breath\n\nOn This Page\n\n * Causes\n * Risk Factors\n * Symptoms\n * When to Seek Medical Care\n * Treatment\n * How to Feel Better\n * Over-the-Counter Medicine and Children\n * Prevention\n\nSinus Infection\n\nWhen you have a sinus infection, one or more of your sinuses becomes inflamed\nand fluid builds up, causing congestion and runny nose.\n\nresize iconView Larger\n\nWhen you have a sinus infection, one or more of your sinuses becomes inflamed\nand fluid builds up, causing congestion and runny nose.\n\ndownload iconDownload Image[JPG]\n\nbaby icon See a doctor right away if your child is younger than 3 months old\nand has a fever of 100.4 °F (38 °C) or higher.\n\n### When to Seek Medical Care\n\nSee a doctor if you have:\n\n * Severe symptoms, such as severe headache or facial pain.\n * Symptoms that get worse after initially improving.\n * Symptoms lasting more than 10 days without improvement.\n * Fever longer than 3-4 days.\n\nYou should also seek medical care if you have had multiple sinus infections in\nthe past year.\n\nThis list is not all-inclusive. Please see a doctor for any symptom that is\nsevere or concerning.\n\nOther conditions can cause symptoms similar to a sinus infection, including:\n\n * Seasonal allergies\n * Colds\n\n### Treatment\n\nYour doctor will determine if you have a sinus infection by asking about\nsymptoms and doing a physical examination.\n\nAntibiotics are not needed for many sinus infections. Most sinus infections\nusually get better on their own without antibiotics. When antibiotics aren’t\nneeded, they won’t help you, and their side effects could still cause harm.\nSide effects can range from minor issues, like a rash, to very serious health\nproblems, such as antibiotic-resistant infections and C. diff infection, which\ncauses diarrhea that can lead to severe colon damage and death.\n\nHowever, in some cases, antibiotics are needed. Talk to your doctor about the\nbest treatment for your illness.\n\nFor some sinus infections, your doctor might recommend watchful waiting or\ndelayed antibiotic prescribing.\n\n * Watchful waiting: Your child’s doctor may suggest watching and waiting to see if your child needs antibiotics. This gives the immune system time to fight off the infection. If your child doesn’t feel better after 2–3 days of rest, extra fluids, and pain relievers, the doctor may write a prescription for an antibiotic.\n * Delayed prescribing: Your child’s doctor may give an antibiotic prescription but suggest that you wait 2–3 days to see if your child is still sick before filling it.\n\nWhat antibiotics treat and won’t treatimage icon\n\nTranscript txt icon[TXT – 294 B]\n\n### How to Feel Better\n\nBelow are some ways you help relive sinus pain and pressure:\n\n * Put a warm compress over the nose and forehead to help relieve sinus pressure.\n * Use a decongestant or saline nasal spray.\n * Breathe in steam from a bowl of hot water or shower.\n\nAsk your doctor or pharmacist about over-the-counter medicines that can help\nyou feel better. Always use over-the-counter medicines as directed.\n\nTop of Page\n\n### Over-the-Counter Medicine and Children\n\nBe careful about giving over-the-counter medicines to children. Not all over-\nthe-counter medicines are recommended for children of certain ages.\n\n * Pain relievers:\n\n * Children younger than 6 months: only give acetaminophen.\n * Children 6 months or older: it is OK to give acetaminophen or ibuprofen.\n * Never give aspirin to children because it can cause Reye’s syndrome, a rare but very serious illness that harms the liver and brain.\n\n * Cough and cold medicines:\n\n * Children younger than 4 years old: do not use unless a doctor specifically tells you to. Use of over-the-counter cough and cold medicines in young children can result in serious and potentially life-threatening side effects.\n * Children 4 years or older: discuss with your child’s doctor if over-the-counter cough and cold medicines are safe to give to your child for temporary symptom relief.\n\nBe sure to ask your doctor or pharmacist about the right dosage of over-the-\ncounter medicines for your child’s age and size. Also, tell your child’s\ndoctor and pharmacist about all prescription and over-the-counter medicines\nthey are taking.\n\nIf you are considering using a sinus rinse, visit Sinus Rinsing for Health or\nReligious Practice for how to do so safely.\n\nTop of Page\n\n### Prevention\n\nYou can help prevent sinus infections by doing your best to stay healthy and\nkeep others healthy, including:\n\n * Clean your hands.\n * Receive recommended vaccines, such as the flu vaccine and pneumococcal vaccine.\n * Avoid close contact with people who have colds or other upper respiratory infections.\n * Don’t smoke and avoid secondhand smoke.\n * Use a clean humidifier to moisten the air at home.\n\nTop of Page\n\nPage last reviewed: August 27, 2019\n\nContent source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center\nfor Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Division of Healthcare\nQuality Promotion (DHQP)\n\nemail_03Get Email Updates\n\nTo receive email updates about this page, enter your email address:\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n"
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"How can you improve your immune system? On the whole, your immune system does a remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms. But sometimes it fails: A germ invades successfully and makes you sick. Is it possible to intervene in this process and boost your immune system? What if you improve your diet? Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations? Make other lifestyle changes in the hope of producing a near-perfect immune response?",
"The idea of boosting your immunity is enticing, but the ability to do so has proved elusive for several reasons. The immune system is precisely that — a system, not a single entity. To function well, it requires balance and harmony. There is still much that researchers don't know about the intricacies and interconnectedness of the immune response. For now, there are no scientifically proven direct links between lifestyle and enhanced immune function.",
"But that doesn't mean the effects of lifestyle on the immune system aren't intriguing and shouldn't be studied. Researchers are exploring the effects of diet, exercise, age, psychological stress, and other factors on the immune response, both in animals and in humans. In the meantime, general healthy- living strategies make sense since they likely help immune function and they come with other proven health benefits.",
"Immunity in action. A healthy immune system can defeat invading pathogens as shown above, where two bacteria that cause gonorrhea are no match for the large phagocyte, called a neutrophil, that engulfs and kills them (see arrows).",
"Your first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle. Following general good-health guidelines is the single best step you can take toward naturally keeping your immune system working properly. Every part of your body, including your immune system, functions better when protected from environmental assaults and bolstered by healthy-living strategies such as these:",
"Keep current with all recommended vaccines. Vaccines prime your immune system to fight off infections before they take hold in your body.",
"Many products on store shelves claim to boost or support immunity. But the concept of boosting immunity actually makes little sense scientifically. In fact, boosting the number of cells in your body — immune cells or others — is not necessarily a good thing. For example, athletes who engage in \"blood doping\" — pumping blood into their systems to boost their number of blood cells and enhance their performance — run the risk of strokes.",
"Attempting to boost the cells of your immune system is especially complicated because there are so many different kinds of cells in the immune system that respond to so many different microbes in so many ways. Which cells should you boost, and to what number? So far, scientists do not know the answer. What is known is that the body is continually generating immune cells. Certainly, it produces many more lymphocytes than it can possibly use. The extra cells remove themselves through a natural process of cell death called apoptosis — some before they see any action, some after the battle is won. No one knows how many cells or what the best mix of cells the immune system needs to function at its optimum level.",
"As we age, our immune response capability becomes reduced, which in turn contributes to more infections and more cancer. As life expectancy in developed countries has increased, so too has the incidence of age-related conditions.",
"While some people age healthily, the conclusion of many studies is that, compared with younger people, the elderly are more likely to contract infectious diseases and, even more importantly, more likely to die from them. Respiratory infections, including, influenza, the COVID-19 virus and particularly pneumonia are a leading cause of death in people over 65 worldwide. No one knows for sure why this happens, but some scientists observe that this increased risk correlates with a decrease in T cells, possibly from the thymus atrophying with age and producing fewer T cells to fight off infection. Whether this decrease in thymus function explains the drop in T cells or whether other changes play a role is not fully understood. Others are interested in whether the bone marrow becomes less efficient at producing the stem cells that give rise to the cells of the immune system.",
"A reduction in immune response to infections has been demonstrated by older people's response to vaccines. For example, studies of influenza vaccines have shown that for people over age 65, the vaccine is less effective compared to healthy children (over age 2). But despite the reduction in efficacy, vaccinations for influenza and S. pneumoniae have significantly lowered the rates of sickness and death in older people when compared with no vaccination.",
"There appears to be a connection between nutrition and immunity in the elderly. A form of malnutrition that is surprisingly common even in affluent countries is known as \"micronutrient malnutrition.\" Micronutrient malnutrition, in which a person is deficient in some essential vitamins and trace minerals that are obtained from or supplemented by diet, can happen in the elderly. Older people tend to eat less and often have less variety in their diets. One important question is whether dietary supplements may help older people maintain a healthier immune system. Older people should discuss this question with their doctor.",
"Like any fighting force, the immune system army marches on its stomach. Healthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment. Scientists have long recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more vulnerable to infectious diseases. For example, researchers don't know whether any particular dietary factors, such as processed foods or high simple sugar intake, will have adversely affect immune function. There are still relatively few studies of the effects of nutrition on the immune system of humans.",
"There is some evidence that various micronutrient deficiencies — for example, deficiencies of zinc, selenium, iron, copper, folic acid, and vitamins A, B6, C, and E — alter immune responses in animals, as measured in the test tube. However, the impact of these immune system changes on the health of animals is less clear, and the effect of similar deficiencies on the human immune response has yet to be assessed.",
"So, what can you do? If you suspect your diet is not providing you with all your micronutrient needs — maybe, for instance, you don't like vegetables — taking a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement may bring other health benefits, beyond any possibly beneficial effects on the immune system. Taking megadoses of a single vitamin does not. More is not necessarily better.",
"Walk into a store, and you will find bottles of pills and herbal preparations that claim to \"support immunity\" or otherwise boost the health of your immune system. Although some preparations have been found to alter some components of immune function, thus far there is no evidence that they actually bolster immunity to the point where you are better protected against infection and disease. Demonstrating whether an herb — or any substance, for that matter — can enhance immunity is, as yet, a highly complicated matter. Scientists don't know, for example, whether an herb that seems to raise the levels of antibodies in the blood is actually doing anything beneficial for overall immunity.",
"Modern medicine has come to appreciate the closely linked relationship of mind and body. A wide variety of maladies, including stomach upset, hives, and even heart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress. Despite the challenges, scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress and immune function.",
"For one thing, stress is difficult to define. What may appear to be a stressful situation for one person is not for another. When people are exposed to situations they regard as stressful, it is difficult for them to measure how much stress they feel, and difficult for the scientist to know if a person's subjective impression of the amount of stress is accurate. The scientist can only measure things that may reflect stress, such as the number of times the heart beats each minute, but such measures also may reflect other factors.",
"Most scientists studying the relationship of stress and immune function, however, do not study a sudden, short-lived stressor; rather, they try to study more constant and frequent stressors known as chronic stress, such as that caused by relationships with family, friends, and co-workers, or sustained challenges to perform well at one's work. Some scientists are investigating whether ongoing stress takes a toll on the immune system.",
"But it is hard to perform what scientists call \"controlled experiments\" in human beings. In a controlled experiment, the scientist can change one and only one factor, such as the amount of a particular chemical, and then measure the effect of that change on some other measurable phenomenon, such as the amount of antibodies produced by a particular type of immune system cell when it is exposed to the chemical. In a living animal, and especially in a human being, that kind of control is just not possible, since there are so many other things happening to the animal or person at the time that measurements are being taken.",
"Almost every mother has said it: \"Wear a jacket or you'll catch a cold!\" Is she right? Probably not, exposure to moderate cold temperatures doesn't increase your susceptibility to infection. There are two reasons why winter is \"cold and flu season.\" In the winter, people spend more time indoors, in closer contact with other people who can pass on their germs. Also the influenza virus stays airborne longer when air is cold and less humid.",
"But researchers remain interested in this question in different populations. Some experiments with mice suggest that cold exposure might reduce the ability to cope with infection. But what about humans? Scientists have performed experiments in which volunteers were briefly dunked in cold water or spent short periods of time naked in subfreezing temperatures. They've studied people who lived in Antarctica and those on expeditions in the Canadian Rockies. The results have been mixed. For example, researchers documented an increase in upper respiratory infections in competitive cross-country skiers who exercise vigorously in the cold, but whether these infections are due to the cold or other factors — such as the intense exercise or the dryness of the air — is not known.",
"A group of Canadian researchers that has reviewed hundreds of medical studies on the subject and conducted some of its own research concludes that there's no need to worry about moderate cold exposure — it has no detrimental effect on the human immune system. Should you bundle up when it's cold outside? The answer is \"yes\" if you're uncomfortable, or if you're going to be outdoors for an extended period where such problems as frostbite and hypothermia are a risk. But don't worry about immunity.",
"Regular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living. It improves cardiovascular health, lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and protects against a variety of diseases. But does it help to boost your immune system naturally and keep it healthy? Just like a healthy diet, exercise can contribute to general good health and therefore to a healthy immune system.",
"As a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our library of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on all articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used as a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified clinician.",
"The Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you sign up to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School",
"Sign up to get tips for living a healthy lifestyle, with ways to fight inflammation and improve cognitive health, plus the latest advances in preventative medicine, diet and exercise, pain relief, blood pressure and cholesterol management, and more.",
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"parsed_md": "How to boost your immune system - Harvard Health\n\nHarvard Health Publishing\n\n## Recent Blog Articles\n\nLong-lasting healthy changes: Doable and worthwhile\n\nThe sore throat checklist: What parents need to know\n\nA new treatment for obesity\n\nRemember the flu? Yep, it's that time again\n\n3 ways to build brain-boosting social connections\n\nGrandparenting: Ready to move for family?\n\nWondering about COVID-19 vaccines if you’re breastfeeding?\n\nBan on harmful pesticide: What parents need to know\n\nA different nonhormonal birth control option\n\nTooth loss truth: It’s no longer about the tooth fairy\n\n# How to boost your immune system\n\nFebruary 15, 2021\n\n## Helpful ways to strengthen your immune system and fight off disease\n\nHow can you improve your immune system? On the whole, your immune system does\na remarkable job of defending you against disease-causing microorganisms. But\nsometimes it fails: A germ invades successfully and makes you sick. Is it\npossible to intervene in this process and boost your immune system? What if\nyou improve your diet? Take certain vitamins or herbal preparations? Make\nother lifestyle changes in the hope of producing a near-perfect immune\nresponse?\n\n## What can you do to boost your immune system?\n\nThe idea of boosting your immunity is enticing, but the ability to do so has\nproved elusive for several reasons. The immune system is precisely that — a\nsystem, not a single entity. To function well, it requires balance and\nharmony. There is still much that researchers don't know about the intricacies\nand interconnectedness of the immune response. For now, there are no\nscientifically proven direct links between lifestyle and enhanced immune\nfunction.\n\nBut that doesn't mean the effects of lifestyle on the immune system aren't\nintriguing and shouldn't be studied. Researchers are exploring the effects of\ndiet, exercise, age, psychological stress, and other factors on the immune\nresponse, both in animals and in humans. In the meantime, general healthy-\nliving strategies make sense since they likely help immune function and they\ncome with other proven health benefits.\n\nImmunity in action. A healthy immune system can defeat invading pathogens as\nshown above, where two bacteria that cause gonorrhea are no match for the\nlarge phagocyte, called a neutrophil, that engulfs and kills them (see\narrows).\n\nPhotos courtesy of Michael N. Starnbach, Ph.D., Harvard Medical School \n \n--- \n \n## Healthy ways to strengthen your immune system\n\nYour first line of defense is to choose a healthy lifestyle. Following general\ngood-health guidelines is the single best step you can take toward naturally\nkeeping your immune system working properly. Every part of your body,\nincluding your immune system, functions better when protected from\nenvironmental assaults and bolstered by healthy-living strategies such as\nthese:\n\n * Don't smoke.\n * Eat a diet high in fruits and vegetables.\n * Exercise regularly.\n * Maintain a healthy weight.\n * If you drink alcohol, drink only in moderation.\n * Get adequate sleep.\n * Take steps to avoid infection, such as washing your hands frequently and cooking meats thoroughly.\n * Try to minimize stress.\n * Keep current with all recommended vaccines. Vaccines prime your immune system to fight off infections before they take hold in your body.\n\n## Increase immunity the healthy way\n\nMany products on store shelves claim to boost or support immunity. But the\nconcept of boosting immunity actually makes little sense scientifically. In\nfact, boosting the number of cells in your body — immune cells or others — is\nnot necessarily a good thing. For example, athletes who engage in \"blood\ndoping\" — pumping blood into their systems to boost their number of blood\ncells and enhance their performance — run the risk of strokes.\n\nAttempting to boost the cells of your immune system is especially complicated\nbecause there are so many different kinds of cells in the immune system that\nrespond to so many different microbes in so many ways. Which cells should you\nboost, and to what number? So far, scientists do not know the answer. What is\nknown is that the body is continually generating immune cells. Certainly, it\nproduces many more lymphocytes than it can possibly use. The extra cells\nremove themselves through a natural process of cell death called apoptosis —\nsome before they see any action, some after the battle is won. No one knows\nhow many cells or what the best mix of cells the immune system needs to\nfunction at its optimum level.\n\n## Immune system and age\n\nAs we age, our immune response capability becomes reduced, which in turn\ncontributes to more infections and more cancer. As life expectancy in\ndeveloped countries has increased, so too has the incidence of age-related\nconditions.\n\nWhile some people age healthily, the conclusion of many studies is that,\ncompared with younger people, the elderly are more likely to contract\ninfectious diseases and, even more importantly, more likely to die from them.\nRespiratory infections, including, influenza, the COVID-19 virus and\nparticularly pneumonia are a leading cause of death in people over 65\nworldwide. No one knows for sure why this happens, but some scientists observe\nthat this increased risk correlates with a decrease in T cells, possibly from\nthe thymus atrophying with age and producing fewer T cells to fight off\ninfection. Whether this decrease in thymus function explains the drop in T\ncells or whether other changes play a role is not fully understood. Others are\ninterested in whether the bone marrow becomes less efficient at producing the\nstem cells that give rise to the cells of the immune system.\n\nA reduction in immune response to infections has been demonstrated by older\npeople's response to vaccines. For example, studies of influenza vaccines have\nshown that for people over age 65, the vaccine is less effective compared to\nhealthy children (over age 2). But despite the reduction in efficacy,\nvaccinations for influenza and S. pneumoniae have significantly lowered the\nrates of sickness and death in older people when compared with no vaccination.\n\nThere appears to be a connection between nutrition and immunity in the\nelderly. A form of malnutrition that is surprisingly common even in affluent\ncountries is known as \"micronutrient malnutrition.\" Micronutrient\nmalnutrition, in which a person is deficient in some essential vitamins and\ntrace minerals that are obtained from or supplemented by diet, can happen in\nthe elderly. Older people tend to eat less and often have less variety in\ntheir diets. One important question is whether dietary supplements may help\nolder people maintain a healthier immune system. Older people should discuss\nthis question with their doctor.\n\n## Diet and your immune system\n\nLike any fighting force, the immune system army marches on its stomach.\nHealthy immune system warriors need good, regular nourishment. Scientists have\nlong recognized that people who live in poverty and are malnourished are more\nvulnerable to infectious diseases. For example, researchers don't know whether\nany particular dietary factors, such as processed foods or high simple sugar\nintake, will have adversely affect immune function. There are still relatively\nfew studies of the effects of nutrition on the immune system of humans.\n\nThere is some evidence that various micronutrient deficiencies — for example,\ndeficiencies of zinc, selenium, iron, copper, folic acid, and vitamins A, B6,\nC, and E — alter immune responses in animals, as measured in the test tube.\nHowever, the impact of these immune system changes on the health of animals is\nless clear, and the effect of similar deficiencies on the human immune\nresponse has yet to be assessed.\n\nSo, what can you do? If you suspect your diet is not providing you with all\nyour micronutrient needs — maybe, for instance, you don't like vegetables —\ntaking a daily multivitamin and mineral supplement may bring other health\nbenefits, beyond any possibly beneficial effects on the immune system. Taking\nmegadoses of a single vitamin does not. More is not necessarily better.\n\n## Improve immunity with herbs and supplements?\n\nWalk into a store, and you will find bottles of pills and herbal preparations\nthat claim to \"support immunity\" or otherwise boost the health of your immune\nsystem. Although some preparations have been found to alter some components of\nimmune function, thus far there is no evidence that they actually bolster\nimmunity to the point where you are better protected against infection and\ndisease. Demonstrating whether an herb — or any substance, for that matter —\ncan enhance immunity is, as yet, a highly complicated matter. Scientists don't\nknow, for example, whether an herb that seems to raise the levels of\nantibodies in the blood is actually doing anything beneficial for overall\nimmunity.\n\n## Stress and immune function\n\nModern medicine has come to appreciate the closely linked relationship of mind\nand body. A wide variety of maladies, including stomach upset, hives, and even\nheart disease, are linked to the effects of emotional stress. Despite the\nchallenges, scientists are actively studying the relationship between stress\nand immune function.\n\nFor one thing, stress is difficult to define. What may appear to be a\nstressful situation for one person is not for another. When people are exposed\nto situations they regard as stressful, it is difficult for them to measure\nhow much stress they feel, and difficult for the scientist to know if a\nperson's subjective impression of the amount of stress is accurate. The\nscientist can only measure things that may reflect stress, such as the number\nof times the heart beats each minute, but such measures also may reflect other\nfactors.\n\nMost scientists studying the relationship of stress and immune function,\nhowever, do not study a sudden, short-lived stressor; rather, they try to\nstudy more constant and frequent stressors known as chronic stress, such as\nthat caused by relationships with family, friends, and co-workers, or\nsustained challenges to perform well at one's work. Some scientists are\ninvestigating whether ongoing stress takes a toll on the immune system.\n\nBut it is hard to perform what scientists call \"controlled experiments\" in\nhuman beings. In a controlled experiment, the scientist can change one and\nonly one factor, such as the amount of a particular chemical, and then measure\nthe effect of that change on some other measurable phenomenon, such as the\namount of antibodies produced by a particular type of immune system cell when\nit is exposed to the chemical. In a living animal, and especially in a human\nbeing, that kind of control is just not possible, since there are so many\nother things happening to the animal or person at the time that measurements\nare being taken.\n\nDespite these inevitable difficulties in measuring the relationship of stress\nto immunity, scientists are making progress.\n\n## Does being cold give you a weak immune system?\n\nAlmost every mother has said it: \"Wear a jacket or you'll catch a cold!\" Is\nshe right? Probably not, exposure to moderate cold temperatures doesn't\nincrease your susceptibility to infection. There are two reasons why winter is\n\"cold and flu season.\" In the winter, people spend more time indoors, in\ncloser contact with other people who can pass on their germs. Also the\ninfluenza virus stays airborne longer when air is cold and less humid.\n\nBut researchers remain interested in this question in different populations.\nSome experiments with mice suggest that cold exposure might reduce the ability\nto cope with infection. But what about humans? Scientists have performed\nexperiments in which volunteers were briefly dunked in cold water or spent\nshort periods of time naked in subfreezing temperatures. They've studied\npeople who lived in Antarctica and those on expeditions in the Canadian\nRockies. The results have been mixed. For example, researchers documented an\nincrease in upper respiratory infections in competitive cross-country skiers\nwho exercise vigorously in the cold, but whether these infections are due to\nthe cold or other factors — such as the intense exercise or the dryness of the\nair — is not known.\n\nA group of Canadian researchers that has reviewed hundreds of medical studies\non the subject and conducted some of its own research concludes that there's\nno need to worry about moderate cold exposure — it has no detrimental effect\non the human immune system. Should you bundle up when it's cold outside? The\nanswer is \"yes\" if you're uncomfortable, or if you're going to be outdoors for\nan extended period where such problems as frostbite and hypothermia are a\nrisk. But don't worry about immunity.\n\n## Exercise: Good or bad for immunity?\n\nRegular exercise is one of the pillars of healthy living. It improves\ncardiovascular health, lowers blood pressure, helps control body weight, and\nprotects against a variety of diseases. But does it help to boost your immune\nsystem naturally and keep it healthy? Just like a healthy diet, exercise can\ncontribute to general good health and therefore to a healthy immune system.\n\nImage: lzf/Getty Images\n\nShare This Page Share this page to Facebook Share this page to Twitter Share\nthis page via Email\n\nPrint This Page\n\n## Disclaimer:\n\nAs a service to our readers, Harvard Health Publishing provides access to our\nlibrary of archived content. Please note the date of last review or update on\nall articles. No content on this site, regardless of date, should ever be used\nas a substitute for direct medical advice from your doctor or other qualified\nclinician.\n\nStaying Healthy\n\n## Long-lasting healthy changes: Doable and worthwhile\n\nStaying Healthy\n\n## A new treatment for obesity\n\nStaying Healthy\n\n## Grandparenting: Ready to move for family?\n\n## Footer\n\nHarvard Health Publishing\n\nFacebook Twitter Linkedin YouTube\n\n### My Account\n\n * Customer Service\n * Log in\n\n### Order Now\n\n * Online Learning Courses\n * Digital Subscriptions\n * Special Health Reports\n * Print Subscriptions\n\n### More\n\n * About Us\n * Permissions\n * Licensing\n * Topics\n\n© 2021 by The President and Fellows of Harvard College\n\nDo not sell my personal information | Privacy Policy\n\nThanks for visiting. Don't miss your FREE gift.\n\nThe Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness, is yours absolutely FREE when you sign\nup to receive Health Alerts from Harvard Medical School\n\nSign up to get tips for living a healthy lifestyle, with ways to fight\ninflammation and improve cognitive health, plus the latest advances in\npreventative medicine, diet and exercise, pain relief, blood pressure and\ncholesterol management, and more.\n\nHealth Alerts from Harvard Medical School\n\nGet helpful tips and guidance for everything from fighting inflammation to\nfinding the best diets for weight loss...from exercises to build a stronger\ncore to advice on treating cataracts. PLUS, the latest news on medical\nadvances and breakthroughs from Harvard Medical School experts.\n\nBONUS! Sign up now and get a FREE copy of the Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness\n\nStay on top of latest health news from Harvard Medical School.\n\nPlus, get a FREE copy of the Best Diets for Cognitive Fitness.\n\n"
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815,822 | How To Brew Loose Leaf Tea | To brew loose leaf tea, start by measuring out 1 teaspoon of loose tea leaves per cup of tea you're making. Then, put the leaves into the cups you're going to be drinking out of. Next, bring a pot of water to a boil and then pour the boiling water over the tea leaves in the cups. Let the tea steep for 3-5 minutes, remove the tea leaves, and enjoy! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210503152852/http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-brew-loose-leaf-green-t-139441",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200408144306/https://thewirecutter.com/reviews/best-tea-steeper/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211202100437/https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/536417/how-long-steep-your-tea-according-science",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210301013126/https://www.ohhowcivilized.com/tea-brewing-guide-beginners/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201130111630/https://www.myrecipes.com/extracrispy/tea-balls-suck",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190707024659/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-brew-black-tea-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-201670"
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"original_url": "http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-brew-loose-leaf-green-t-139441",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210503152852/http://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-brew-loose-leaf-green-t-139441",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Brew Loose Leaf Green Tea",
"passages": [
"Perhaps even more so than with black tea, there’s a world of difference between loose leaf green tea and the stuff that comes in a tea bag. While it’s brewing technique a little fussier than dropping a tea bag into some hot water, the subtle, yet complex, flavor profile of a quality green tea is well worth seeking out. Read on for my method.",
"While black tea and green tea have some obvious things in common, they need to be brewed in significantly different ways. Green tea is much less robust than black tea, requiring lower water temperatures and less brewing time. It has a short window in which its fullest flavor profile can be enjoyed, so it needs to be brewed and drunk immediately. No tea cozies needed!",
"For me, green tea requires more attention and care than black tea, so I tend to brew it when I’m able to really stop what I’m doing and put all of my focus on the process. This is often a really wonderful, soothing thing to do and a big part of the experience.",
"1. Choose your tea. Quality loose leaf green tea is widely available these days but it is also a very perishable product, so be sure to buy from a reputable seller. The tea should be fresh and come in an air-tight container that ideally can be resealed. Air is an enemy of green tea as it causes oxidation.",
"2. Choose your pot and cup. Green tea is best when the entire batch is drunk right away. So choose a pot and a cup appropriate to how many people you are serving. The pot should be large enough that the leaves can fully expand and steep in the water. (See note below.) Cups for green tea tend to be smaller as you want to sip the tea somewhat quickly before it cools too much and the flavor changes.",
"3. Time and temperature. Your tea should come with specific brewing instructions but in general green tea uses 180-190°F (82-89C) water and is brewed for no more than 3 minutes. When you are starting out, an accurate thermometer is helpful for water temperature, but with time you will be able to tell by feel.",
"4. Water. Some people insist on using distilled or bottled water. I don’t bother (San Francisco water is pretty good) but you may want to do this if your water has a strong taste.",
"5. Heat your water. Never brew green tea with boiling water! The method below does start with boiling water, but allows for it to cool.",
"6. Gather some tea treats, if having. It is traditional to serve a small, very sugary treat with green tea but you can also serve pieces of candied ginger or a butter cookie, if that appeals more.",
"7. Warming the pot, cooling the water. When the water comes to a boil, remove from the heat and pour it into your teapot. This will heat the pot and cool the water a little. After a minute or so, pour the water into the cups, discarding any remaining water. This will do three things: cool the water further, heat the cups, and measure the amount of water you will need for the tea.",
"8. Measure your tea. While the cups are warming, place a large pinch of tea per person being served into your pot. (Or if you need more specific measurements, 1 tablespoon per 16 ounces of water is often recommended.)",
"9. Brewing. Check the temperature of the water and if cooled sufficiently (180-190°F), pour the water from the cups into the tea pot and cover. Brew from 2 to 2-1/2 minutes.",
"10. Pour. Carefully, gently, pour the tea back into the cups. It’s OK if a few leaves fall into the cups but if you find you can’t control it, use a strainer. Eventually with practice you will be able to pour without too many leaves escaping.",
"11. Enjoy. Green tea should be sipped somewhat quickly as the taste will really shift as the tea cools down. I also like to pause and just focus on drinking the tea in order to enjoy and give my attention to it’s subtle flavor. All in all, the brewing and drinking takes less than 15 minutes (more like 10) which makes it a perfect break time activity.",
"12. More? You often can get up to three brews from your leaves, so if one cup isn’t enough, brew a second or third cup by simply pouring the hot (180-190°F) water over the leaves in the pot and steeping for the same amount of time.",
"Recommendations: • If you want to avoid any leaves in your cup, use a teapot with a wide mesh strainer, like the Hario. • Here’s a nice description from Samovar on how good green tea should taste. • The Adagio site has customer reviews of their green teas, which can help in choosing a good tea.",
"Dana Velden's first book, Finding Yourself in the Kitchen: Kitchen Meditations and Inspired Recipes from a Mindful Cook (Rodale Books) is available where ever books are sold. She lives in Oakland, CA."
]
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"parsed_md": "How to Brew Loose Leaf Green Tea | Kitchn\n\nNewsletters\n\nRecipes\n\nbeverage\n\nHow To\n\n# How to Brew Loose Leaf Green Tea\n\nby Dana Velden\n\npublished Feb 16, 2011\n\nSaveComments\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\n(Image credit: Apartment Therapy)\n\nPerhaps even more so than with black tea, there’s a world of difference\nbetween loose leaf green tea and the stuff that comes in a tea bag. While it’s\nbrewing technique a little fussier than dropping a tea bag into some hot\nwater, the subtle, yet complex, flavor profile of a quality green tea is well\nworth seeking out. Read on for my method.\n\n(Image credit: Apartment Therapy)\n\nWhile black tea and green tea have some obvious things in common, they need to\nbe brewed in significantly different ways. Green tea is much less robust than\nblack tea, requiring lower water temperatures and less brewing time. It has a\nshort window in which its fullest flavor profile can be enjoyed, so it needs\nto be brewed and drunk immediately. No tea cozies needed!\n\nFor me, green tea requires more attention and care than black tea, so I tend\nto brew it when I’m able to really stop what I’m doing and put all of my focus\non the process. This is often a really wonderful, soothing thing to do and a\nbig part of the experience.\n\nWatch More In Organize & Clean\n\nHow To Brew a Pot of Green Tea\n\n1\\. Choose your tea. Quality loose leaf green tea is widely available these\ndays but it is also a very perishable product, so be sure to buy from a\nreputable seller. The tea should be fresh and come in an air-tight container\nthat ideally can be resealed. Air is an enemy of green tea as it causes\noxidation.\n\n2\\. Choose your pot and cup. Green tea is best when the entire batch is drunk\nright away. So choose a pot and a cup appropriate to how many people you are\nserving. The pot should be large enough that the leaves can fully expand and\nsteep in the water. (See note below.) Cups for green tea tend to be smaller as\nyou want to sip the tea somewhat quickly before it cools too much and the\nflavor changes.\n\n3\\. Time and temperature. Your tea should come with specific brewing\ninstructions but in general green tea uses 180-190°F (82-89C) water and is\nbrewed for no more than 3 minutes. When you are starting out, an accurate\nthermometer is helpful for water temperature, but with time you will be able\nto tell by feel.\n\n4\\. Water. Some people insist on using distilled or bottled water. I don’t\nbother (San Francisco water is pretty good) but you may want to do this if\nyour water has a strong taste.\n\n5\\. Heat your water. Never brew green tea with boiling water! The method below\ndoes start with boiling water, but allows for it to cool.\n\n6\\. Gather some tea treats, if having. It is traditional to serve a small,\nvery sugary treat with green tea but you can also serve pieces of candied\nginger or a butter cookie, if that appeals more.\n\n7\\. Warming the pot, cooling the water. When the water comes to a boil, remove\nfrom the heat and pour it into your teapot. This will heat the pot and cool\nthe water a little. After a minute or so, pour the water into the cups,\ndiscarding any remaining water. This will do three things: cool the water\nfurther, heat the cups, and measure the amount of water you will need for the\ntea.\n\n8\\. Measure your tea. While the cups are warming, place a large pinch of tea\nper person being served into your pot. (Or if you need more specific\nmeasurements, 1 tablespoon per 16 ounces of water is often recommended.)\n\n9\\. Brewing. Check the temperature of the water and if cooled sufficiently\n(180-190°F), pour the water from the cups into the tea pot and cover. Brew\nfrom 2 to 2-1/2 minutes.\n\n10\\. Pour. Carefully, gently, pour the tea back into the cups. It’s OK if a\nfew leaves fall into the cups but if you find you can’t control it, use a\nstrainer. Eventually with practice you will be able to pour without too many\nleaves escaping.\n\n11\\. Enjoy. Green tea should be sipped somewhat quickly as the taste will\nreally shift as the tea cools down. I also like to pause and just focus on\ndrinking the tea in order to enjoy and give my attention to it’s subtle\nflavor. All in all, the brewing and drinking takes less than 15 minutes (more\nlike 10) which makes it a perfect break time activity.\n\n12\\. More? You often can get up to three brews from your leaves, so if one cup\nisn’t enough, brew a second or third cup by simply pouring the hot (180-190°F)\nwater over the leaves in the pot and steeping for the same amount of time.\n\nRecommendations: • If you want to avoid any leaves in your cup, use a teapot\nwith a wide mesh strainer, like the Hario. • Here’s a nice description from\nSamovar on how good green tea should taste. • The Adagio site has customer\nreviews of their green teas, which can help in choosing a good tea.\n\nRelated: Good Question: Help Me Learn About Tea\n\n(Images: Dana Velden)\n\nDana Velden\n\nContributor\n\nDana Velden's first book, Finding Yourself in the Kitchen: Kitchen Meditations\nand Inspired Recipes from a Mindful Cook (Rodale Books) is available where\never books are sold. She lives in Oakland, CA.\n\nSaveComments\n\nFollow us\n\nKitchn is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment Therapy,\nKitchn, and Cubby.\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://thewirecutter.com/reviews/best-tea-steeper/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200408144306/https://thewirecutter.com/reviews/best-tea-steeper/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Best Tea Steeper",
"passages": [
"Our pick for tea on the go has been discontinued; instead, we recommend using the Finum tea steeper with one of the Contigo mugs from our guide to travel mugs.",
"Our pick for tea on the go has been discontinued; instead, we recommend using the Finum tea steeper with one of the Contigo mugs from our guide to travel mugs.",
"After more than 30 hours researching dozens of tea steepers, interviewing experts, and drinking many cups of tea made in no fewer than 15 teapots and infusers, we’ve found that the Finum Brewing Basket (the large version) is the most versatile and well-made tea steeper available. The fine-mesh and plastic in-cup steeping basket allows more water flow than other infusers while more effectively keeping tea particles from escaping into the cup. It’s one of the only models that fit both mugs and teapots, and it’s among the easiest to clean.",
"Thanks to its large size and fine-mesh walls, this steeper allows more water flow between the tea leaves. It fits the vast majority of mugs and cups, as well as some teapots and thermoses.",
"Despite being less expensive than almost any other tea steeper we looked at, the Finum Brewing Basket was our favorite. Its tall, cylindrical shape and fine mesh facilitate water flow for a stronger flavor, but don’t allow tea particles and residue to escape. At 4.2 inches in height, the Finum Brewing Basket is a versatile steeper that you can use in a wide variety of containers.",
"If you prefer something without plastic, this all-metal steeper offers a sturdier build than the Finum but doesn't allow as much water to flow through. It's also shorter, so tea leaves come in contact with less water, and it's a bit more difficult to clean.",
"If you want a metal alternative, we also like the 100 percent stainless-steel Forlife Brew-in-Mug. This sturdy, well-constructed tea steeper has great user reviews. Water doesn’t flow as freely through its holes, and because it’s shorter than the Finum, tea has less opportunity to come in contact with water in a vessel. Tea leaves are also a bit more prone to sticking in this steeper, but it still brews a great cup.",
"The Hario model brews three cups. The metal basket fills the whole pot, allowing for the leaves to expand fully. A short spout makes pouring easy.",
"For more than one serving, we like the all-glass-and-metal, 23-fluid-ounce Hario Chacha teapot. This is a delicate glass pot, so it requires more care in handling and cleaning than the Finum. It has a much larger brew-basket-to- teapot size ratio than any of the other pots we found, which means that leaves have more room to expand and release their flavor.",
"Thanks to its large size and fine-mesh walls, this steeper allows more water flow between the tea leaves. It fits the vast majority of mugs and cups, as well as some teapots and thermoses.",
"If you prefer something without plastic, this all-metal steeper offers a sturdier build than the Finum but doesn't allow as much water to flow through. It's also shorter, so tea leaves come in contact with less water, and it's a bit more difficult to clean.",
"The Hario model brews three cups. The metal basket fills the whole pot, allowing for the leaves to expand fully. A short spout makes pouring easy.",
"I have been an avid tea drinker since I was a child, when my parents would make me cups of green tea, letting the leaves brew directly in the cup. Now I drink at least a few cups of tea a day, which amounts to spending hundreds of hours steeping different types of tea over the years.",
"To better understand the tea steepers market, I spoke with experts in the industry, including Tony Gebely of World of Tea and David Kosmider, the editor of 19 Lessons On Tea. I read The Tea Enthusiast’s Handbook by Mary Lou Heiss and Robert J. Heiss, and I scoured the many online tea-review communities, including Steepster, T Ching, TeaChat, and Teaviews.com.",
"Daily tea drinkers would benefit from using a good infuser, especially people who currently drink tea made from tea bags or tea balls. All of those tea bags you see packaged in boxes and tins on grocery store shelves are the tea equivalents of instant coffee. A bit of history on tea bags: They were an accidental invention, the result of New York tea merchant Thomas Sullivan’s decision to send out samples of his tea in small silk bags back in 1908. Instead of taking the tea out of the bag, as intended, Sullivan’s clients saved time and effort by simply dunking the bags into hot water. So the tea bag was born.",
"Tea leaves need room to expand fully and to move freely through the water for their flavors to come out.",
"Most tea bags today are made up of “fannings,” basically leftover tea dust. The exposed surface area of all those little pieces allows you to get a more quickly brewed cup but produces a stale and less flavorful tea. Even if you place full tea leaves into a tea bag, which more and more high-end tea companies have started to do, you’re still putting your tea at a disadvantage. Tea leaves need room to expand fully and to move freely through the water for their flavors to come out. A bag suffocates the leaves, preventing them from expanding to their full capacity.",
"Switching from confined bags and balls to a larger infuser made specifically for loose-leaf tea will drastically improve the quality of the beverage you drink.",
"Size and how much the steeping device lets tea leaves come in contact with water are the two most important factors that make a great infuser. “Size is most important,” World of Tea’s Tony Gebely told me. The steeper needs to be big enough for individual leaves to float and expand and dance on their own in the water during the given steeping time. For best results, “let the leaves flow in the steeping vessel for maximum contact with leaf/water,” Gebely added. Mesh infusion baskets allow water to circulate better than a solid infuser with holes in it.",
"Size and how much the steeping device lets tea leaves come in contact with water are the two most important factors that make a great infuser.",
"You can find dozens upon dozens of steeping vessels and infusers that allow leaves to expand and come in contact with the water. They come in various shapes and sizes, including over-the-cup steepers (those that brew tea in a vessel and then drip into the cup), in-cup brewing baskets (which sit inside the cup, resting on the lip), teapots with built-in infusers, tea tumblers with strainers, and electronic gadgets for automatic tea making.",
"Our favorite steepers for making a range of servings include (from left to right) the Breville One-Touch Tea Maker, the Hario Chacha, and the Finum Brewing Basket.",
"A great steeper needs to be easy to clean, especially if you drink tea at least once a day. It also needs to be durable and simple to use. “Simplicity is the key when it comes to picking out a good basic teapot,” Brent Hughes of Tea Nerd states in his Newbie’s Guide to Teaware. “Buy something simple, small-ish, functional, and with as few moving parts as possible.”",
"Tea infusers and teapots come in a number of materials, some better than others. For in-cup infusion baskets, stainless steel is preferable to ceramic or plastics because it offers more durability, and most such models allow more water flow. Teapot materials vary from plastic to cast iron. One of the most common and sturdy materials is ceramic, which retains heat well and is often glazed so it doesn’t impart any flavor on the tea. Glass is another common, decent option: “This is the ideal pot for blooming teas but great for all tea types, so you can see the leaves unravel and flowers blossom,” Art of Tea's Melissa Chua writes. Glass teapots also retain heat evenly. The main drawback is that glass is more delicate than other materials.",
"At first, we were concerned about the possible health ramifications of using plastic with boiling water, but new research shows that chemicals leaching from plastics aren’t as big a problem as researchers once thought. For example, according to a European Food Safety Authority evaluation, the much- maligned bisphenol A (BPA) probably doesn’t pose a health risk. And our tea- making experts told us that they have no problems recommending plastic if it’s heat resistant.",
"Price can vary drastically depending on what you’re looking for. Infusers come for as little as $2, but those tend to be poorly made and typically fall short of meeting basic requirements. Good tea infusers will cost you around $10 to $30. Depending on how many features and what kinds you want, you can also spend upwards of $200—but at that point, you may just be paying for gadgetry or show.",
"Unfortunately, we could find almost no roundups comparing and reviewing all of the different types of tea-steeping options. The tea community, however, is fairly active in reviewing teaware on a one-off basis. Some popular tea sites include Steepster, which has a section for its community to rate and review teas and teaware. The writers at Teaviews.com have also reviewed many tea- steeping options. The TeaChat forums are brimming with recommendations and suggestions for teaware, depending on what you’re looking for. One of the few articles we could find on testing multiple tea steepers is a piece by Brendan Waye at T Ching, but he tested only four.",
"Although many Asian cultures use a more involved method of tea preparation, we figured most of our readers would prioritize convenience over tradition. As such, we elected not to test methods such as single-cup gaiwan brewing (see A note on free-float brewing and gaiwans if you want to know more about this).",
"For our original review in 2013, we ended up with a list of 13 products. This included two in-cup infusers, four over-the-cup steepers, four teapots with built-in infusers, two tea tumblers, and one electric tea maker. We narrowed that list down to eight final products to test, including one in-cup infuser, two over-the-cup steepers, four teapots, and the electric tea maker. At the time, we eliminated tea tumblers entirely because they are designed for on- the-go travel use and make it difficult to remove the leaves after steeping. For our 2016 update, we tested five additional products, including one in-cup infuser, one teapot, and three travel mugs with built-in, removable infusion baskets that make taking the leaves out easier.",
"We brewed a black tea, a green tea, and a fine herbal tea (peppermint or rooibos) in each infuser, using a Bonavita 1-Liter Variable Temperature Digital Electric Gooseneck Kettle at the specific temperatures and steeping times (see below) required for each tea. We checked for how well the teas could expand and move throughout the water, and we tested for flavor. After each infusion, we cleaned the vessels and checked how easily we could dump the leaves and whether any leaves got stuck in the infusers.",
"Thanks to its large size and fine-mesh walls, this steeper allows more water flow between the tea leaves. It fits the vast majority of mugs and cups, as well as some teapots and thermoses.",
"The best overall tea infuser is the Finum Brewing Basket in the large size. At about $10, it’s more affordable than most tea steepers. This steeper is wide and tall, giving tea leaves a lot more space to expand and move around than other in-cup infusers we tested. The Finum’s construction makes it a standout option from other steepers—its cylindrical shape can drop into pots or larger cups, its heat-resistant handles make it easier to lift out of mugs, and its metal mesh is easy to clean. If you want to own only one steeping device, this is it.",
"The Finum’s two-piece design is simple and effective. The basket is made of a heat-resistant, high-quality plastic and an incredibly fine, flexible stainless-steel mesh. Unlike other in-cup steepers, which have a less-fine mesh or small perforations in metal, the Finum doesn’t allow leaves or leaf particles to escape into your cup, and water flows freely through the infuser. Even the bottom of the basket has mesh (most steepers don’t offer this design), which further helps circulation. The Finum’s handy lid helps hold the water’s heat in while your tea steeps; after brewing, you can flip it over to use it as a drip tray for the basket. This model is also easier to clean than most other steepers—just dump the leaves out and rinse it with water.",
"Compared with other models we tested, the Finum was by far the most convenient and versatile option for everyday use. It rests easily in anything with a diameter of 2.8 to 4 inches. You need nothing more than a mug and hot water. It also works well in a small teapot, though probably not one that stands much taller than the Finum (4.2 inches), and likely not for more than three servings since the leaves won’t be able to reach as much of the water or have as much room to expand. Over-the-cup steepers like the Adagio IngenuiTea are limited to single use, and steepers that come in teapots really work only with those teapots. The Finum also comes in a medium size for cups smaller than 2.8 inches in diameter.",
"Large, heat-resistant handles let you easily remove the Finum from hot mugs. Other steepers weren’t as easy to lift out of a cup—the Home Origins Ultra Fine Loose Leaf Tea Infuser had much smaller handles, while the Forlife Brew- in-Mug Extra-Fine Tea Infuser’s steel became hot to the touch.",
"Thanks to its simple design, the Finum was also the least expensive steeping device we tested. (The teapots, tumblers, and over-the-cup steepers we looked at cost between $14 and $250.) It is slightly more expensive than tea balls and gimmicky cartoon-shaped tea infusers, but it represents a very small investment for consistently great-tasting tea. The Finum is also top-rack dishwasher safe, if you want to throw it in with your regular cycle.",
"Tony Gebely of World of Tea has called the Finum Brewing Basket the only infuser you’ll ever need. “I like to keep it simple. The absolute most versatile steeping device is the Finum Brewing Basket,” he told us. “It meets all of the requirements, it’s large, and can be removed from the steeping vessel. It can be as simple as putting it in a coffee mug, then removing it after the steep time, or inserting it inside the top of a teapot.”",
"The Finum received top marks on Steepster, where it currently ranks as the second-highest-rated piece of teaware, with a score of 95 out of 100. Amazon reviewers also give it praise, with more than 876 reviews and an overall rating of 4.8 out of five as of this writing.",
"The Finum is less suitable for group tea-drinking situations, since it is made for in-cup brewing and therefore isn’t ideal for infusing large amounts of tea in teapots and pitchers.",
"Some Amazon reviewers also note that the mesh can stain over time, though we have not experienced this problem in our use of the product since 2014. And if you don’t clean the basket well, a patina can develop on the mesh, potentially clogging it in some parts or transferring flavors from one tea to another, which we did encounter during long-term use. If you are a tea enthusiast with a collection of multiple teas, you might want to purchase more than one Finum Brewing Basket in different colors—it comes in black, green, red, and blue—for different types of tea.",
"Unfortunately, the Finum doesn’t fit into our top travel mug pick, the Zojirushi SM-SA. But it does fit into our alternate choices, the Contigo Autoseal Transit and the Contigo SnapSeal Byron mugs.",
"After 78 hours of research and testing since 2013, we think the Zojirushi SM- SC Mug is the best travel mug to keep your drinks hot for hours.",
"As mentioned above, we did notice a small amount of patina develop on the mesh, specifically on the bottom of the Finum Brewing Basket, after more than a year of use. This happened when on several occasions we let the basket sit for a day with old tea leaves, which you shouldn’t do! After we ran it through the dishwasher, most of the patina cleared. Aside from our own forgetfulness with regard to cleaning, the Finum Brewing Basket has held up extremely well to frequent use since 2014.",
"The Hario Chacha includes a large mesh infusing basket that virtually fills the pot and allows tea leaves to expand fully. Photo: Alexandra Chang",
"The Hario model brews three cups. The metal basket fills the whole pot, allowing for the leaves to expand fully. A short spout makes pouring easy.",
"Chances are, the Finum Brewing Basket is the only steeping device you need. But if you want a teapot that makes more than one cup, we highly recommend the Hario Chacha. Capable of holding almost 24 ounces, this glass pot makes about three small cups, so you can share tea with another person—or you can have more tea for yourself without brewing an overwhelming amount that you won’t finish.",
"What makes the Hario special is its large metal-and-mesh infusing basket, which takes up the majority of the teapot. This design gives the leaves more room to expand and ensures a flavorful tea. All of the other teapots we tested with infusers, such as the Bodum Shin Cha, have either narrow or short infusers. The Chacha is also easier to pour from than other pots we tried, thanks to its shorter, more pointed spout.",
"Glass teapots are more delicate than ceramic ones, so you’ll want to make sure not to bang this one around much. The infusing basket also needs a separate plate or coaster to rest in after the tea is done.",
"Most of these steepers require basic care, namely washing or rinsing after a single use. The Finum and Forlife are both safe for the dishwasher on the top rack; we don’t recommend putting the Hario Chacha pot in the dishwasher since it’s a bit more delicate. If you use soap to wash fine mesh, make sure to rinse thoroughly, as residue could lead to soapy-tasting tea. For the most part, we tended to rinse the steepers with water and then washed with soap or the dishwasher only after several uses.",
"We found so many tea-infusing options out there, and we considered more than 40 of them. We eliminated many because of user complaints, or the quality and size of the infusing basket. We’ve also removed testing notes on some steepers that are no longer available.",
"We love the Hario Chacha Kyusu Maru, so when we saw the new Hario Chacha Natsume, we had to see whether it could outdo the original. The Natsume has a slightly more elongated body and a large plastic infuser with super-fine plastic mesh. Though we love the redesigned shape and the familiar short spout, the new Chacha didn’t quite beat its predecessor since its infusing basket allows less water flow.",
"The Home Origins Ultra Fine Loose Leaf Tea Infuser is a new, popular item from a small retailer on Amazon. We tested it because it looked like it had a very fine perforated metal body, with silicone handles that would not get too hot during brewing. Unfortunately, it did not live up to our expectations. We found that the construction was poor and flimsy in comparison with the metal Forlife, and this model is noticeably smaller than both the Finum and Forlife.",
"The Breville One-Touch Tea Maker, which brews eight small cups of tea in one go, is the most convenient (albeit expensive) all-in-one option we’ve found. Photo: Alexandra Chang",
"In the previous version of this guide, we recommended the over-$200 Breville One-Touch Tea Maker, but we think it is too expensive for most people. The Breville heats water to preset temperatures for different types of tea, allows varying brew strengths, steeps the leaves, and keeps the tea warm in one handy glass kettle. It can brew up to 40.5 ounces of tea or heat up to 51 ounces of water. The reason it makes a bit less tea is because it needs space for its infusing basket, which hangs above the water as it heats. When the water reaches the designated temperature, the basket slowly moves down. After the allotted steeping time, the basket moves back up to stop steeping. Buttons and an LCD screen on the gadget’s stand let you set and monitor the temperature and length for steeping. And like high-quality tea kettles, the Breville brings water to the exact temperature requested instead of boiling and then cooling the water. The biggest drawbacks are that it costs quite a lot and takes up a large amount of counter space. “I have a few friends that swear by them, but tea making is such a simple process; it can be as simple as steeping the leaves and straining them with stuff you have around the house—I wouldn’t spend $250 on this,” World of Tea’s Tony Gebely said. Still, the Breville is a great brewing option if you can justify the price for the extra features and convenience.",
"With the Adagio IngenuiTea, a 16-ounce over-the-cup model, a plastic cup serves as the steeper, where you place the water and tea. Simply position the steeper atop a cup and push a mechanism up to let the tea out. (Several companies make a similar design, varying in size and shape). The IngenuiTea is very good at steeping tea, since the leaves float around through the water and have the entire vessel in which to expand. It’s easy to clean too. The filter pops out so you can wash that separately, and it’s made entirely of plastic for easy cleaning. (It’s top-rack dishwasher safe, too.) Unless you have a clear mug, however, you can’t see how much of the tea is pouring into the cup. In our testing, we kept having to lift the infuser to make sure tea wouldn’t spill out. At one point, we thought we had enough room in our mug but ended up with an unpleasant overflow of burning-hot tea. As one reader points out, you can avoid this problem by using your mug to measure out the amount of water you need first.",
"The Adagio PersonaliTea came recommended by expert David Kosmider, and is a highly rated teapot. Though it’s decent, it isn’t a standout in any way. The infuser is somewhat small, but in our tests the tea still turned out tasting fine. One nice feature is that the spout isn’t completely open to the pot; small holes in the wall of the pot let tea out of the spout, reducing the amount of leaf bits that land in your cup. This teapot comes in multiple colors, if you like that.",
"One teapot that looks a lot fancier than it performs is the Bodum Shin Cha. The biggest problem is the built-in press: It’s wobbly when it isn’t pressed down, and you have to wiggle it to get it in the right position to work. It’s a hassle to use. The pot itself is huge at 34 ounces, which can be good for groups. And the infuser is cleverly designed, as it allows you to stop an infusion by pressing the leaves down to the bottom, where there are no holes for them to come in contact with the water. But for the steep price, this teapot is not worth the hassle.",
"Forlife’s Stump teapot is basically just a small ceramic teapot with a built- in Brew-in-Mug filter. It comes in a variety of bright colors, but it has the same water flow and cleaning issues as the Brew-in-Mug infuser. It’s a highly rated teapot, and ceramic is more durable than glass, but it holds only 18 ounces—not much more than a typical mug.",
"Another high-end tea set that disappointed us in testing was the Berghoff Dorado. This gorgeous teapot, beautifully designed out of glass and stainless- steel accents, comes with a teapot stand that holds a candle to keep your tea warm. It’s a great feature. But the main issue with the teapot is its small infusing basket. It’s smaller than the basket in the Hario Chacha, which holds only 24 ounces compared with the Berghoff’s 44 ounces. The leaves required for that much tea just don’t have enough room to expand in the infuser. In our tests they looked cramped, and the tea didn’t turn out tasting as good. Another flaw: The stainless steel lid was very hot to the touch, and we found it hard to remove when taking out the basket.",
"We eliminated tea tumblers like the Sun’s Tea Glass Tea Tumbler and Teas Etc Travel Mug Set because they are made more for travel drinking than at-home tea drinking. Both of those models have good reviews and could work for at-home use, but they would require that you pour through a strainer like the Finum anyway. (Both have screw-in strainers, but many users complain that they let too many leaf particles through.) So if you’re making yourself a cup of tea, just using the Finum would be easier.",
"The Le Creuset Stoneware Teapot, though incredibly sturdy, has an infuser with far too few holes for water flow and contact. For the same reason, we eliminated teapots like the Grosche Glasgow Glass Teapot, and the Tea Beyond Heat-Resistant Glass Teapot.",
"We dropped in-cup baskets and infusers like the Tovolo In-Mug Tea Infuser from consideration after reading complaints about poor design, mainly in regard to leaves escaping into the cup and leaves getting stuck in the holes.",
"The 2014 World Tea Expo named the Bonavita Porcelain Immersion Dripper one of the “Best New Product – Tea Ware” finalists. It’s an interesting pick since the dripper is mainly designed for brewing coffee. Much like other drip coffee makers, it’s shaped like a cone. What makes it compatible with tea is the lever that allows the coffee—or in this case, tea—to steep. (Hence the “Immersion” in the product’s name.) According to the experts at Seattle Coffee Gear, it works well for steeping loose-leaf tea. It’s fairly similar to over- the-cup steepers except that it requires the use of a filter. That extra step means additional costs but also means less leaf product landing in the cup.",
"If you’re fascinated with teapot design, you may want to keep tabs on the Sorapot. Independent industrial designer Joey Roth says that he’s spent four years developing the Sorapot. It looks like a worthy contender with its glass- cylinder brew chamber—perfect for watching tea leaves do their dance—and cast- metal body. The major drawback: It costs $285. That’s more than the Breville One-Touch, which automatically brews large amounts of tea. In the case of the Sorapot, you’d really be paying for the fancy design.",
"As noted earlier, making tea is simple. You don’t absolutely need a separate steeping device or a teapot with a built-in infuser if you don’t mind drinking some tea leaves (or drinking around tea leaves). In Chinese culture, just brewing leaves right in a teapot and pouring around the table is common. This approach is great if you’re drinking tea with several people and can pour all of the tea after it’s done steeping.",
"Another option is to brew right in a small cup, like my parents do, filling it back up with hot water as you finish. It’s a somewhat makeshift version of drinking from a gaiwan or a yixing pot, two traditional Chinese brewing vessels that are very small and made for drinking tea with multiple steepings. People commonly use the yixing pot and gaiwan to make pu-erh tea, a fermented dark tea that usually comes in circular bricks. The technique involves steeping this kind of tea multiple times for varying lengths, first for as little as 20 to 25 seconds and then gradually up to several minutes.",
"That said, pu-erh tea is not common in Western cultures. And even though you can brew tea without an infuser, doing so is not as convenient in larger teapots and cups, where you’d want to take the tea out as soon as it’s done infusing, and drinking the tea is more difficult. For the vast majority of tea drinkers, we recommend using some sort of brewing basket or strainer.",
"After 78 hours of research and testing since 2013, we think the Zojirushi SM- SC Mug is the best travel mug to keep your drinks hot for hours.",
"If you want to give someone a food gift to show you care, consider cooking for them, ordering a gift basket or delivery, or organizing a meal train."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Best Tea Steeper | Reviews by Wirecutter\n\nWirecutter\n\nSkip To Content\n\nReviews for the real world\n\nReviews for the real world.\n\nWirecutter is reader-supported. When you buy through links on our site, we may\nearn an affiliate commission. Learn more\n\n 1. Kitchen & Dining\n 2. Tools\n\n# The Best Tea Steeper\n\nUpdated October 25, 2018\n\n * Our pick for tea on the go has been discontinued; instead, we recommend using the Finum tea steeper with one of the Contigo mugs from our guide to travel mugs.\n\n * Our pick for tea on the go has been discontinued; instead, we recommend using the Finum tea steeper with one of the Contigo mugs from our guide to travel mugs.\n\nWe’ve taken another look at this guide, and we still recommend our picks.\n\nYour guide\n\n * Alexandra Chang\n\nShare this review\n\nAfter more than 30 hours researching dozens of tea steepers, interviewing\nexperts, and drinking many cups of tea made in no fewer than 15 teapots and\ninfusers, we’ve found that the Finum Brewing Basket (the large version) is the\nmost versatile and well-made tea steeper available. The fine-mesh and plastic\nin-cup steeping basket allows more water flow than other infusers while more\neffectively keeping tea particles from escaping into the cup. It’s one of the\nonly models that fit both mugs and teapots, and it’s among the easiest to\nclean.\n\n#### Our pick\n\n### Finum Brewing Basket\n\nThanks to its large size and fine-mesh walls, this steeper allows more water\nflow between the tea leaves. It fits the vast majority of mugs and cups, as\nwell as some teapots and thermoses.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$15* from Amazon\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $10.\n\nDespite being less expensive than almost any other tea steeper we looked at,\nthe Finum Brewing Basket was our favorite. Its tall, cylindrical shape and\nfine mesh facilitate water flow for a stronger flavor, but don’t allow tea\nparticles and residue to escape. At 4.2 inches in height, the Finum Brewing\nBasket is a versatile steeper that you can use in a wide variety of\ncontainers.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### Also great\n\n### Forlife Brew-in-Mug\n\n## Runner-up\n\nIf you prefer something without plastic, this all-metal steeper offers a\nsturdier build than the Finum but doesn't allow as much water to flow through.\nIt's also shorter, so tea leaves come in contact with less water, and it's a\nbit more difficult to clean.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$32* from Amazon\n\nMay be out of stock\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $14.\n\nIf you want a metal alternative, we also like the 100 percent stainless-steel\nForlife Brew-in-Mug. This sturdy, well-constructed tea steeper has great user\nreviews. Water doesn’t flow as freely through its holes, and because it’s\nshorter than the Finum, tea has less opportunity to come in contact with water\nin a vessel. Tea leaves are also a bit more prone to sticking in this steeper,\nbut it still brews a great cup.\n\n#### Also great\n\n### Hario Chacha\n\n## For company\n\nThe Hario model brews three cups. The metal basket fills the whole pot,\nallowing for the leaves to expand fully. A short spout makes pouring easy.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$20* from Amazon\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $27.\n\nFor more than one serving, we like the all-glass-and-metal, 23-fluid-ounce\nHario Chacha teapot. This is a delicate glass pot, so it requires more care in\nhandling and cleaning than the Finum. It has a much larger brew-basket-to-\nteapot size ratio than any of the other pots we found, which means that leaves\nhave more room to expand and release their flavor.\n\n### Everything we recommend\n\n#### Our pick\n\n### Finum Brewing Basket\n\nThanks to its large size and fine-mesh walls, this steeper allows more water\nflow between the tea leaves. It fits the vast majority of mugs and cups, as\nwell as some teapots and thermoses.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$15* from Amazon\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $10.\n\n#### Also great\n\n### Forlife Brew-in-Mug\n\n## Runner-up\n\nIf you prefer something without plastic, this all-metal steeper offers a\nsturdier build than the Finum but doesn't allow as much water to flow through.\nIt's also shorter, so tea leaves come in contact with less water, and it's a\nbit more difficult to clean.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$32* from Amazon\n\nMay be out of stock\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $14.\n\n#### Also great\n\n### Hario Chacha\n\n## For company\n\nThe Hario model brews three cups. The metal basket fills the whole pot,\nallowing for the leaves to expand fully. A short spout makes pouring easy.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$20* from Amazon\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $27.\n\n## The research\n\n * Why you should trust me\n * Who should get these\n * How we picked and tested\n * Our pick: Finum Brewing Basket\n * Flaws but not dealbreakers\n * Long-term test notes\n * Also great: Hario Chacha\n * Care and maintenance\n * The competition\n * A note on free-float brewing and gaiwans\n * Sources\n\n## Why you should trust me\n\nI have been an avid tea drinker since I was a child, when my parents would\nmake me cups of green tea, letting the leaves brew directly in the cup. Now I\ndrink at least a few cups of tea a day, which amounts to spending hundreds of\nhours steeping different types of tea over the years.\n\nTo better understand the tea steepers market, I spoke with experts in the\nindustry, including Tony Gebely of World of Tea and David Kosmider, the editor\nof 19 Lessons On Tea. I read The Tea Enthusiast’s Handbook by Mary Lou Heiss\nand Robert J. Heiss, and I scoured the many online tea-review communities,\nincluding Steepster, T Ching, TeaChat, and Teaviews.com.\n\n## Who should get these\n\nDaily tea drinkers would benefit from using a good infuser, especially people\nwho currently drink tea made from tea bags or tea balls. All of those tea bags\nyou see packaged in boxes and tins on grocery store shelves are the tea\nequivalents of instant coffee. A bit of history on tea bags: They were an\naccidental invention, the result of New York tea merchant Thomas Sullivan’s\ndecision to send out samples of his tea in small silk bags back in 1908.\nInstead of taking the tea out of the bag, as intended, Sullivan’s clients\nsaved time and effort by simply dunking the bags into hot water. So the tea\nbag was born.\n\nTea leaves need room to expand fully and to move freely through the water for\ntheir flavors to come out.\n\nMost tea bags today are made up of “fannings,” basically leftover tea dust.\nThe exposed surface area of all those little pieces allows you to get a more\nquickly brewed cup but produces a stale and less flavorful tea. Even if you\nplace full tea leaves into a tea bag, which more and more high-end tea\ncompanies have started to do, you’re still putting your tea at a disadvantage.\nTea leaves need room to expand fully and to move freely through the water for\ntheir flavors to come out. A bag suffocates the leaves, preventing them from\nexpanding to their full capacity.\n\nSwitching from confined bags and balls to a larger infuser made specifically\nfor loose-leaf tea will drastically improve the quality of the beverage you\ndrink.\n\n## How we picked and tested\n\nSize and how much the steeping device lets tea leaves come in contact with\nwater are the two most important factors that make a great infuser. “Size is\nmost important,” World of Tea’s Tony Gebely told me. The steeper needs to be\nbig enough for individual leaves to float and expand and dance on their own in\nthe water during the given steeping time. For best results, “let the leaves\nflow in the steeping vessel for maximum contact with leaf/water,” Gebely\nadded. Mesh infusion baskets allow water to circulate better than a solid\ninfuser with holes in it.\n\nSize and how much the steeping device lets tea leaves come in contact with\nwater are the two most important factors that make a great infuser.\n\nYou can find dozens upon dozens of steeping vessels and infusers that allow\nleaves to expand and come in contact with the water. They come in various\nshapes and sizes, including over-the-cup steepers (those that brew tea in a\nvessel and then drip into the cup), in-cup brewing baskets (which sit inside\nthe cup, resting on the lip), teapots with built-in infusers, tea tumblers\nwith strainers, and electronic gadgets for automatic tea making.\n\nOur favorite steepers for making a range of servings include (from left to\nright) the Breville One-Touch Tea Maker, the Hario Chacha, and the Finum\nBrewing Basket.\n\nA great steeper needs to be easy to clean, especially if you drink tea at\nleast once a day. It also needs to be durable and simple to use. “Simplicity\nis the key when it comes to picking out a good basic teapot,” Brent Hughes of\nTea Nerd states in his Newbie’s Guide to Teaware. “Buy something simple,\nsmall-ish, functional, and with as few moving parts as possible.”\n\nTea infusers and teapots come in a number of materials, some better than\nothers. For in-cup infusion baskets, stainless steel is preferable to ceramic\nor plastics because it offers more durability, and most such models allow more\nwater flow. Teapot materials vary from plastic to cast iron. One of the most\ncommon and sturdy materials is ceramic, which retains heat well and is often\nglazed so it doesn’t impart any flavor on the tea. Glass is another common,\ndecent option: “This is the ideal pot for blooming teas but great for all tea\ntypes, so you can see the leaves unravel and flowers blossom,” Art of Tea's\nMelissa Chua writes. Glass teapots also retain heat evenly. The main drawback\nis that glass is more delicate than other materials.\n\nAt first, we were concerned about the possible health ramifications of using\nplastic with boiling water, but new research shows that chemicals leaching\nfrom plastics aren’t as big a problem as researchers once thought. For\nexample, according to a European Food Safety Authority evaluation, the much-\nmaligned bisphenol A (BPA) probably doesn’t pose a health risk. And our tea-\nmaking experts told us that they have no problems recommending plastic if it’s\nheat resistant.\n\nPrice can vary drastically depending on what you’re looking for. Infusers come\nfor as little as $2, but those tend to be poorly made and typically fall short\nof meeting basic requirements. Good tea infusers will cost you around $10 to\n$30. Depending on how many features and what kinds you want, you can also\nspend upwards of $200—but at that point, you may just be paying for gadgetry\nor show.\n\nUnfortunately, we could find almost no roundups comparing and reviewing all of\nthe different types of tea-steeping options. The tea community, however, is\nfairly active in reviewing teaware on a one-off basis. Some popular tea sites\ninclude Steepster, which has a section for its community to rate and review\nteas and teaware. The writers at Teaviews.com have also reviewed many tea-\nsteeping options. The TeaChat forums are brimming with recommendations and\nsuggestions for teaware, depending on what you’re looking for. One of the few\narticles we could find on testing multiple tea steepers is a piece by Brendan\nWaye at T Ching, but he tested only four.\n\nAlthough many Asian cultures use a more involved method of tea preparation, we\nfigured most of our readers would prioritize convenience over tradition. As\nsuch, we elected not to test methods such as single-cup gaiwan brewing (see A\nnote on free-float brewing and gaiwans if you want to know more about this).\n\nThe tea steepers we tested in 2013 (clockwise): Breville One-Touch Tea Maker,\nTakeya Tea Maker with Jacket, Bodum Shin Cha, DavidsTea The Steeper, Adagio\nIngenuiTea, Finum Brewing Basket, Hario Chacha, Adagio PersonaliTea.\n\nFor our original review in 2013, we ended up with a list of 13 products. This\nincluded two in-cup infusers, four over-the-cup steepers, four teapots with\nbuilt-in infusers, two tea tumblers, and one electric tea maker. We narrowed\nthat list down to eight final products to test, including one in-cup infuser,\ntwo over-the-cup steepers, four teapots, and the electric tea maker. At the\ntime, we eliminated tea tumblers entirely because they are designed for on-\nthe-go travel use and make it difficult to remove the leaves after steeping.\nFor our 2016 update, we tested five additional products, including one in-cup\ninfuser, one teapot, and three travel mugs with built-in, removable infusion\nbaskets that make taking the leaves out easier.\n\nThe steepers we tested for our 2015 update (left to right): MIU Color Stylish\nPortable Handmade Crystal Glass Water Bottle with Nylon Sleeve, Home Origins\nUltra Fine Loose Leaf Tea Infuser, Effiliv Hot or Cold Glass Tea Tumbler\nBottle, Hario Chacha Natsume, DavidsTea Carry Travel Mug.\n\nWe brewed a black tea, a green tea, and a fine herbal tea (peppermint or\nrooibos) in each infuser, using a Bonavita 1-Liter Variable Temperature\nDigital Electric Gooseneck Kettle at the specific temperatures and steeping\ntimes (see below) required for each tea. We checked for how well the teas\ncould expand and move throughout the water, and we tested for flavor. After\neach infusion, we cleaned the vessels and checked how easily we could dump the\nleaves and whether any leaves got stuck in the infusers.\n\nThe rule of thumb is that you can brew most teas at the following temperatures\nand times:\n\nIllustration: Sarah MacReading\n\n## Our pick: Finum Brewing Basket\n\n#### Our pick\n\n### Finum Brewing Basket\n\nThanks to its large size and fine-mesh walls, this steeper allows more water\nflow between the tea leaves. It fits the vast majority of mugs and cups, as\nwell as some teapots and thermoses.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$15* from Amazon\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $10.\n\nThe best overall tea infuser is the Finum Brewing Basket in the large size. At\nabout $10, it’s more affordable than most tea steepers. This steeper is wide\nand tall, giving tea leaves a lot more space to expand and move around than\nother in-cup infusers we tested. The Finum’s construction makes it a standout\noption from other steepers—its cylindrical shape can drop into pots or larger\ncups, its heat-resistant handles make it easier to lift out of mugs, and its\nmetal mesh is easy to clean. If you want to own only one steeping device, this\nis it.\n\nThe Finum’s two-piece design is simple and effective. The basket is made of a\nheat-resistant, high-quality plastic and an incredibly fine, flexible\nstainless-steel mesh. Unlike other in-cup steepers, which have a less-fine\nmesh or small perforations in metal, the Finum doesn’t allow leaves or leaf\nparticles to escape into your cup, and water flows freely through the infuser.\nEven the bottom of the basket has mesh (most steepers don’t offer this\ndesign), which further helps circulation. The Finum’s handy lid helps hold the\nwater’s heat in while your tea steeps; after brewing, you can flip it over to\nuse it as a drip tray for the basket. This model is also easier to clean than\nmost other steepers—just dump the leaves out and rinse it with water.\n\nCompared with other models we tested, the Finum was by far the most convenient\nand versatile option for everyday use. It rests easily in anything with a\ndiameter of 2.8 to 4 inches. You need nothing more than a mug and hot water.\nIt also works well in a small teapot, though probably not one that stands much\ntaller than the Finum (4.2 inches), and likely not for more than three\nservings since the leaves won’t be able to reach as much of the water or have\nas much room to expand. Over-the-cup steepers like the Adagio IngenuiTea are\nlimited to single use, and steepers that come in teapots really work only with\nthose teapots. The Finum also comes in a medium size for cups smaller than 2.8\ninches in diameter.\n\nLarge, heat-resistant handles let you easily remove the Finum from hot mugs.\nOther steepers weren’t as easy to lift out of a cup—the Home Origins Ultra\nFine Loose Leaf Tea Infuser had much smaller handles, while the Forlife Brew-\nin-Mug Extra-Fine Tea Infuser’s steel became hot to the touch.\n\nThanks to its simple design, the Finum was also the least expensive steeping\ndevice we tested. (The teapots, tumblers, and over-the-cup steepers we looked\nat cost between $14 and $250.) It is slightly more expensive than tea balls\nand gimmicky cartoon-shaped tea infusers, but it represents a very small\ninvestment for consistently great-tasting tea. The Finum is also top-rack\ndishwasher safe, if you want to throw it in with your regular cycle.\n\nTony Gebely of World of Tea has called the Finum Brewing Basket the only\ninfuser you’ll ever need. “I like to keep it simple. The absolute most\nversatile steeping device is the Finum Brewing Basket,” he told us. “It meets\nall of the requirements, it’s large, and can be removed from the steeping\nvessel. It can be as simple as putting it in a coffee mug, then removing it\nafter the steep time, or inserting it inside the top of a teapot.”\n\nThe Finum received top marks on Steepster, where it currently ranks as the\nsecond-highest-rated piece of teaware, with a score of 95 out of 100. Amazon\nreviewers also give it praise, with more than 876 reviews and an overall\nrating of 4.8 out of five as of this writing.\n\nMany tea forums, including those on TeaChat and Steepster, include numerous\nmentions and recommendations of the Finum Brewing Basket.\n\n## Flaws but not dealbreakers\n\nThe Finum is less suitable for group tea-drinking situations, since it is made\nfor in-cup brewing and therefore isn’t ideal for infusing large amounts of tea\nin teapots and pitchers.\n\nSome Amazon reviewers also note that the mesh can stain over time, though we\nhave not experienced this problem in our use of the product since 2014. And if\nyou don’t clean the basket well, a patina can develop on the mesh, potentially\nclogging it in some parts or transferring flavors from one tea to another,\nwhich we did encounter during long-term use. If you are a tea enthusiast with\na collection of multiple teas, you might want to purchase more than one Finum\nBrewing Basket in different colors—it comes in black, green, red, and blue—for\ndifferent types of tea.\n\nUnfortunately, the Finum doesn’t fit into our top travel mug pick, the\nZojirushi SM-SA. But it does fit into our alternate choices, the Contigo\nAutoseal Transit and the Contigo SnapSeal Byron mugs.\n\n#### For tea on the go\n\n * ### The Best Travel Mug\n\nAfter 78 hours of research and testing since 2013, we think the Zojirushi SM-\nSC Mug is the best travel mug to keep your drinks hot for hours.\n\n## Long-term test notes\n\nAs mentioned above, we did notice a small amount of patina develop on the\nmesh, specifically on the bottom of the Finum Brewing Basket, after more than\na year of use. This happened when on several occasions we let the basket sit\nfor a day with old tea leaves, which you shouldn’t do! After we ran it through\nthe dishwasher, most of the patina cleared. Aside from our own forgetfulness\nwith regard to cleaning, the Finum Brewing Basket has held up extremely well\nto frequent use since 2014.\n\n## Also great: Hario Chacha\n\nThe Hario Chacha includes a large mesh infusing basket that virtually fills\nthe pot and allows tea leaves to expand fully. Photo: Alexandra Chang\n\n#### Also great\n\n### Hario Chacha\n\n## For company\n\nThe Hario model brews three cups. The metal basket fills the whole pot,\nallowing for the leaves to expand fully. A short spout makes pouring easy.\n\n#### Buying Options\n\n$20* from Amazon\n\n*At the time of publishing, the price was $27.\n\nChances are, the Finum Brewing Basket is the only steeping device you need.\nBut if you want a teapot that makes more than one cup, we highly recommend the\nHario Chacha. Capable of holding almost 24 ounces, this glass pot makes about\nthree small cups, so you can share tea with another person—or you can have\nmore tea for yourself without brewing an overwhelming amount that you won’t\nfinish.\n\nWhat makes the Hario special is its large metal-and-mesh infusing basket,\nwhich takes up the majority of the teapot. This design gives the leaves more\nroom to expand and ensures a flavorful tea. All of the other teapots we tested\nwith infusers, such as the Bodum Shin Cha, have either narrow or short\ninfusers. The Chacha is also easier to pour from than other pots we tried,\nthanks to its shorter, more pointed spout.\n\nGlass teapots are more delicate than ceramic ones, so you’ll want to make sure\nnot to bang this one around much. The infusing basket also needs a separate\nplate or coaster to rest in after the tea is done.\n\n## Care and maintenance\n\nMost of these steepers require basic care, namely washing or rinsing after a\nsingle use. The Finum and Forlife are both safe for the dishwasher on the top\nrack; we don’t recommend putting the Hario Chacha pot in the dishwasher since\nit’s a bit more delicate. If you use soap to wash fine mesh, make sure to\nrinse thoroughly, as residue could lead to soapy-tasting tea. For the most\npart, we tended to rinse the steepers with water and then washed with soap or\nthe dishwasher only after several uses.\n\n## The competition\n\nWe found so many tea-infusing options out there, and we considered more than\n40 of them. We eliminated many because of user complaints, or the quality and\nsize of the infusing basket. We’ve also removed testing notes on some steepers\nthat are no longer available.\n\nWe tried a number of steepers in our most recent testing:\n\nWe love the Hario Chacha Kyusu Maru, so when we saw the new Hario Chacha\nNatsume, we had to see whether it could outdo the original. The Natsume has a\nslightly more elongated body and a large plastic infuser with super-fine\nplastic mesh. Though we love the redesigned shape and the familiar short\nspout, the new Chacha didn’t quite beat its predecessor since its infusing\nbasket allows less water flow.\n\nThe Home Origins Ultra Fine Loose Leaf Tea Infuser is a new, popular item from\na small retailer on Amazon. We tested it because it looked like it had a very\nfine perforated metal body, with silicone handles that would not get too hot\nduring brewing. Unfortunately, it did not live up to our expectations. We\nfound that the construction was poor and flimsy in comparison with the metal\nForlife, and this model is noticeably smaller than both the Finum and Forlife.\n\nAnd we tested several other infusers in 2013:\n\nThe Breville One-Touch Tea Maker, which brews eight small cups of tea in one\ngo, is the most convenient (albeit expensive) all-in-one option we’ve found.\nPhoto: Alexandra Chang\n\nIn the previous version of this guide, we recommended the over-$200 Breville\nOne-Touch Tea Maker, but we think it is too expensive for most people. The\nBreville heats water to preset temperatures for different types of tea, allows\nvarying brew strengths, steeps the leaves, and keeps the tea warm in one handy\nglass kettle. It can brew up to 40.5 ounces of tea or heat up to 51 ounces of\nwater. The reason it makes a bit less tea is because it needs space for its\ninfusing basket, which hangs above the water as it heats. When the water\nreaches the designated temperature, the basket slowly moves down. After the\nallotted steeping time, the basket moves back up to stop steeping. Buttons and\nan LCD screen on the gadget’s stand let you set and monitor the temperature\nand length for steeping. And like high-quality tea kettles, the Breville\nbrings water to the exact temperature requested instead of boiling and then\ncooling the water. The biggest drawbacks are that it costs quite a lot and\ntakes up a large amount of counter space. “I have a few friends that swear by\nthem, but tea making is such a simple process; it can be as simple as steeping\nthe leaves and straining them with stuff you have around the house—I wouldn’t\nspend $250 on this,” World of Tea’s Tony Gebely said. Still, the Breville is a\ngreat brewing option if you can justify the price for the extra features and\nconvenience.\n\nWith the Adagio IngenuiTea, a 16-ounce over-the-cup model, a plastic cup\nserves as the steeper, where you place the water and tea. Simply position the\nsteeper atop a cup and push a mechanism up to let the tea out. (Several\ncompanies make a similar design, varying in size and shape). The IngenuiTea is\nvery good at steeping tea, since the leaves float around through the water and\nhave the entire vessel in which to expand. It’s easy to clean too. The filter\npops out so you can wash that separately, and it’s made entirely of plastic\nfor easy cleaning. (It’s top-rack dishwasher safe, too.) Unless you have a\nclear mug, however, you can’t see how much of the tea is pouring into the cup.\nIn our testing, we kept having to lift the infuser to make sure tea wouldn’t\nspill out. At one point, we thought we had enough room in our mug but ended up\nwith an unpleasant overflow of burning-hot tea. As one reader points out, you\ncan avoid this problem by using your mug to measure out the amount of water\nyou need first.\n\nThe Adagio PersonaliTea came recommended by expert David Kosmider, and is a\nhighly rated teapot. Though it’s decent, it isn’t a standout in any way. The\ninfuser is somewhat small, but in our tests the tea still turned out tasting\nfine. One nice feature is that the spout isn’t completely open to the pot;\nsmall holes in the wall of the pot let tea out of the spout, reducing the\namount of leaf bits that land in your cup. This teapot comes in multiple\ncolors, if you like that.\n\nOne teapot that looks a lot fancier than it performs is the Bodum Shin Cha.\nThe biggest problem is the built-in press: It’s wobbly when it isn’t pressed\ndown, and you have to wiggle it to get it in the right position to work. It’s\na hassle to use. The pot itself is huge at 34 ounces, which can be good for\ngroups. And the infuser is cleverly designed, as it allows you to stop an\ninfusion by pressing the leaves down to the bottom, where there are no holes\nfor them to come in contact with the water. But for the steep price, this\nteapot is not worth the hassle.\n\nForlife’s Stump teapot is basically just a small ceramic teapot with a built-\nin Brew-in-Mug filter. It comes in a variety of bright colors, but it has the\nsame water flow and cleaning issues as the Brew-in-Mug infuser. It’s a highly\nrated teapot, and ceramic is more durable than glass, but it holds only 18\nounces—not much more than a typical mug.\n\nAnother high-end tea set that disappointed us in testing was the Berghoff\nDorado. This gorgeous teapot, beautifully designed out of glass and stainless-\nsteel accents, comes with a teapot stand that holds a candle to keep your tea\nwarm. It’s a great feature. But the main issue with the teapot is its small\ninfusing basket. It’s smaller than the basket in the Hario Chacha, which holds\nonly 24 ounces compared with the Berghoff’s 44 ounces. The leaves required for\nthat much tea just don’t have enough room to expand in the infuser. In our\ntests they looked cramped, and the tea didn’t turn out tasting as good.\nAnother flaw: The stainless steel lid was very hot to the touch, and we found\nit hard to remove when taking out the basket.\n\nOther steepers we looked at but didn’t test:\n\nWe eliminated tea tumblers like the Sun’s Tea Glass Tea Tumbler and Teas Etc\nTravel Mug Set because they are made more for travel drinking than at-home tea\ndrinking. Both of those models have good reviews and could work for at-home\nuse, but they would require that you pour through a strainer like the Finum\nanyway. (Both have screw-in strainers, but many users complain that they let\ntoo many leaf particles through.) So if you’re making yourself a cup of tea,\njust using the Finum would be easier.\n\nThe Le Creuset Stoneware Teapot, though incredibly sturdy, has an infuser with\nfar too few holes for water flow and contact. For the same reason, we\neliminated teapots like the Grosche Glasgow Glass Teapot, and the Tea Beyond\nHeat-Resistant Glass Teapot.\n\nWe dropped in-cup baskets and infusers like the Tovolo In-Mug Tea Infuser from\nconsideration after reading complaints about poor design, mainly in regard to\nleaves escaping into the cup and leaves getting stuck in the holes.\n\nThe 2014 World Tea Expo named the Bonavita Porcelain Immersion Dripper one of\nthe “Best New Product – Tea Ware” finalists. It’s an interesting pick since\nthe dripper is mainly designed for brewing coffee. Much like other drip coffee\nmakers, it’s shaped like a cone. What makes it compatible with tea is the\nlever that allows the coffee—or in this case, tea—to steep. (Hence the\n“Immersion” in the product’s name.) According to the experts at Seattle Coffee\nGear, it works well for steeping loose-leaf tea. It’s fairly similar to over-\nthe-cup steepers except that it requires the use of a filter. That extra step\nmeans additional costs but also means less leaf product landing in the cup.\n\nIf you’re fascinated with teapot design, you may want to keep tabs on the\nSorapot. Independent industrial designer Joey Roth says that he’s spent four\nyears developing the Sorapot. It looks like a worthy contender with its glass-\ncylinder brew chamber—perfect for watching tea leaves do their dance—and cast-\nmetal body. The major drawback: It costs $285. That’s more than the Breville\nOne-Touch, which automatically brews large amounts of tea. In the case of the\nSorapot, you’d really be paying for the fancy design.\n\n## A note on free-float brewing and gaiwans\n\nAs noted earlier, making tea is simple. You don’t absolutely need a separate\nsteeping device or a teapot with a built-in infuser if you don’t mind drinking\nsome tea leaves (or drinking around tea leaves). In Chinese culture, just\nbrewing leaves right in a teapot and pouring around the table is common. This\napproach is great if you’re drinking tea with several people and can pour all\nof the tea after it’s done steeping.\n\nAnother option is to brew right in a small cup, like my parents do, filling it\nback up with hot water as you finish. It’s a somewhat makeshift version of\ndrinking from a gaiwan or a yixing pot, two traditional Chinese brewing\nvessels that are very small and made for drinking tea with multiple steepings.\nPeople commonly use the yixing pot and gaiwan to make pu-erh tea, a fermented\ndark tea that usually comes in circular bricks. The technique involves\nsteeping this kind of tea multiple times for varying lengths, first for as\nlittle as 20 to 25 seconds and then gradually up to several minutes.\n\nThat said, pu-erh tea is not common in Western cultures. And even though you\ncan brew tea without an infuser, doing so is not as convenient in larger\nteapots and cups, where you’d want to take the tea out as soon as it’s done\ninfusing, and drinking the tea is more difficult. For the vast majority of tea\ndrinkers, we recommend using some sort of brewing basket or strainer.\n\n## Sources\n\n 1. Mary Lou Heiss and Robert J. Heiss, The Tea Enthusiast’s Handbook, March 30, 2010\n\n 2. Tony Gebely, The Hacker's Guide to Tea, Lifehacker, November 23, 2010\n\n 3. Brent Hughes, Newbie’s Guide to Teaware, Tea Nerd, April 3, 2009\n\n 4. Brendan Waye, Discovering the best tea steeper, T Ching, December 18, 2009\n\n 5. Melissa Chua, Teaware 101: How to Choose the Right Teapot, Art of Tea, February 15, 2013\n\n 6. Anyanka, Finum Brewing Basket, Steepster\n\n 7. jesusapproves, I'm looking to start drinking tea properly. Where do I begin?, Reddit /r/tea\n\n 8. Hiroyuki Ikezi, Hario ChaCha Teapot, Amazon user reviews, December 12, 2012\n\n## Further reading\n\n * ### Gear to Help You Sleep Better\n\nby Christine Cyr Clisset\n\nHere are tools to encourage good sleep hygiene, from keeping well hydrated to\nlimiting Internet time in the evening.\n\n * ### The Best Travel Mug\n\nby Anna Perling and Séamus Bellamy\n\nAfter 78 hours of research and testing since 2013, we think the Zojirushi SM-\nSC Mug is the best travel mug to keep your drinks hot for hours.\n\n * ### When a Friend Is in Need, Show You Care With Food\n\nby Anna Perling\n\nIf you want to give someone a food gift to show you care, consider cooking for\nthem, ordering a gift basket or delivery, or organizing a meal train.\n\n * ### The Best Things We Bought in 2017\n\nby Casey Johnston and Wirecutter Staff\n\nA smart bulb sunrise, winter warrior headgear, the perfect keyboard, and more.\n\nEdit\n\n * About Wirecutter\n * Masthead\n * Jobs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Cookie Policy\n * Partnerships & Advertising\n * RSS Feed\n\nLet's be friends!\n\nYou can send us a note too.\n\n© 2020 Wirecutter, Inc., A New York Times Company\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/536417/how-long-steep-your-tea-according-science",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211202100437/https://www.mentalfloss.com/article/536417/how-long-steep-your-tea-according-science",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Long to Steep Your Tea, According to Science",
"passages": [
"The tea in your cabinet likely has vague instructions about how long to steep the leaves. Bigelow, for instance, suggests two to four minutes for black tea, and one to three minutes for green tea. According to Lipton, you should \"try singing the National Anthem\" while waiting for black tea leaves to infuse.",
"But while it's true that tea brewed for 30 seconds is technically just as drinkable as a forgotten mug of tea that's been steeping for 30 minutes, drinkable shouldn't be your goal. Taste and—depending on the tea you're drinking—antioxidant and caffeine levels all depend on the amount of time the leaves are in contact with the water. So how early is too early to pluck out a tea bag, and how long can you leave it in before passing the point of no return?",
"To achieve the perfect timing, you first need to understand the chemical process at work when you pour hot water over tea leaves. Black, green, white, and oolong tea all come from the leaves and buds of the same plant, Camellia sinensis. (Herbal teas aren't considered \"true teas\" because they don't come from C. sinensis.) The teas are processed differently: Green and white tea leaves are heated to dry them, limiting the amount of oxidation they get, while black and oolong tea leaves are exposed to oxygen before they're dried, creating the chemical reactions that give the tea its distinct color and flavor. Damaging the tea leaves—by macerating them, rolling them gently, or something in between—helps expose the chemicals inside their cells to varying levels of oxygen.",
"Both green and black teas contain a lot of the same chemical compounds that contribute to their flavor profiles and nutritional content. When the leaves are submerged in hot water, these compounds leach into the liquid through a process called osmotic diffusion, which occurs when there's fluid on both sides of a selectively permeable membrane—in this case, the tea leaf. Compounds on the surface of the leaf and in the interior cells damaged by processing will diffuse into the surrounding liquid until the compounds in both the leaf and the water reach equilibrium. In other words, if given enough time to steep, the liquid in your mug will become just as concentrated with tea compounds as the liquid in your tea leaves, and the ratio will stay that way.",
"Osmotic diffusion doesn't happen all at once—different compounds enter the water at different rates based on their molecular weight. The light, volatile chemicals that contribute to tea's aroma and flavor profile dissolve the fastest, which is why the smell from a bag of tea leaves becomes more potent the moment you dunk it in water. The next group of compounds to infuse with the water includes the micronutrients flavanols and polyphenols, which are antioxidants, and caffeine. They're followed by heavier flavanols and polyphenols such as tannins, which are the compounds responsible for tea's bitter flavor. (They're also what make your mouth feel dry after drinking a glass of wine.) Tea also has amino acids like theanine, which can offset the sharpness of tannins.",
"Water temperature is another factor to take into consideration when steeping your tea. High water temperature creates more kinetic energy, which encourages the compounds to dissolve. \"The heat helps you to extract the compounds out of the tea leaves,\" Shengmin Sang, a North Carolina A&T State University researcher who studies the chemistry of tea, tells Mental Floss. \"If you put it into cold water or low-temperature water, the efficiency to extract these compounds out of the leaves will be much lower.\" But not all water is equal: Bigelow Tea recommends using water at a rolling boil for black tea, and barely boiling water for green tea.",
"Osmotic diffusion takes place whether you use loose leaves or tea bags, but there are some notable differences between the two. When given room to expand, loose tea leaves swell to their full capacity, creating more room for water to flow in and extract all those desirable compounds. Tea that comes prepackaged in a bag, on the other hand, only has so much room to grow, and the quality suffers as a result. This is why some tea companies have started selling tea in roomier, pyramid-shaped bags, though the size matters more than the shape.",
"But even before the tea touches the water, there's a difference in quality. Loose leaf tea usually consists of whole leaves, while most teabags are filled with broken pieces of tea leaves called dust or fannings, which have less- nuanced flavors and infuse fewer antioxidants than whole leaves, no matter how long you let them steep.",
"So if you have a choice, go with loose leaf. But if tea bags are all you have on hand, don't bother adjusting your brewing method: The difference in taste and antioxidants isn't something that can be fixed with a few extra minutes, and according to Sang, you should follow the same steeping times for both tea bags and loose leaf.",
"To calculate the perfect brew times for what's in your mug, first consider what you want most out of your drink.",
"Tea leaves are packed with beneficial compounds. Research indicates that flavanols such as catechins and epicatechins, found in both green and black teas, help suppress inflammation and curb plaque build-up in arteries. Drinking tea may improve vascular reactivity, which dictates how well blood vessels adjust to stress. According an analysis of multiple tea-related studies published in the European Journal of Epidemiology in 2015, drinking three cups of tea a day reduces your risk of coronary heart disease by 27 percent, cardiac death by 26 percent, and total mortality by 24 percent. Polyphenolic antioxidants in tea may also protect against diabetes, depression, and liver disease.",
"Past research has shown that it takes 100 to 150 seconds to extract half the polyphenol content from green and black tea leaves. According to a study published in 2016 in the journal Beverages, you can get more polyphenols into your drink if you allow the leaves more time to steep. However, the returns may not be worth the extra effort: Most of the compounds the researchers measured after 10 minutes of steeping were extracted in the first 5 minutes.",
"Sang makes another argument for not waiting too long to drink your tea. Antioxidants are slightly unstable, which means they will eventually break down and lose their healthy properties after infusing with water. “After you extract the compounds from the tea bag, you can not keep the solution for too long,” he says. “Because these compounds are not stable, they will be oxidized. So if you brew it in the morning, then you drink it in the afternoon, that's not good.” This oxidation can occur even after the tea leaves are removed from the cup, so if your tea has been sitting out for a few hours, it's better to brew a new batch than to pop it in the microwave.",
"Though less potent than its rival coffee, a properly brewed cup of tea packs a caffeine punch. According to a 2008 study published in the Journal of Analytical Toxicology [PDF], letting your tea brew for at least a few minutes has a big impact on the caffeine content. The study found that after brewing for one minute, a cup of regular Lipton black tea had 17 milligrams of caffeine per 6 ounces of water, 38 milligrams per 6 ounces after three minutes, and 47 milligrams per 6 ounces after five. (The nutritional information for Lipton black tea says a serving contains 55 milligrams of caffeine per 8 ounces, so it's pretty accurate.)",
"Some people may use those numbers as an excuse to steep their tea past the five-minute mark in an attempt to reach 100 percent dissolution. But a longer brewing time doesn't necessarily equal a stronger caffeine kick. Yes, more caffeine molecules will enter the tea, but so will other compounds like thearubigins. Caffeine works because it's perfectly shaped to bind to certain neuroreceptors in your brain, thus blocking the chemicals that tell you to feel tired. But caffeine is the right shape to bind to thearubigins as well, and if that happens first, less caffeine will get to those neuroreceptors. So if you're looking for a highly caffeinated cup of tea, you should remove the leaves after most of the caffeine has been extracted—after about three to five minutes—rather than waiting for every last milligram of caffeine to dissolve.",
"There's nothing wrong with enjoying a cup of tea for taste alone. Flavor is the most subjective factor influenced by steeping times, but for the sake of simplicity, let's assume you prefer a pronounced tea taste that's not overshadowed by bitterness. To extract those more delicate flavors, you don't need to steep your tea leaves for very long at all. Some of the first volatile organic compounds to break down in tea are geraniol and phenylacetaldehyde, tied to a tea's floral aroma, and linalool and linalool oxide, which give tea its sweetness.",
"The other compounds we associate with tea's distinctive taste are tannins. They're the difference between an aromatic, fruity cup of tea and a bitter cup that needs to be diluted with milk before it's palatable. But tannins aren't all bad: Some people prefer their tea to have a bracing astringency. Because tannins are some of the last molecules to dissolve into tea, if you want to add some bitter complexity to your drink, steep your tea for a minute or two longer than you normally would. A good way to keep track of the strength of your tea is to look at the color: Like tannins, pigments are heavy compounds, so if you see your tea getting darker, that means it's getting stronger as well.",
"And what about herbal teas? Feel free to leave the leaves in as long as you like. Because herbal teas are high in aromatic compounds and low in tannins, drinkers can be more liberal with their steep times without worrying about getting that astringent taste. Some teas, like rooibos and chamomile, also contain antioxidants, which is another reason to take your time.",
"And if you're new to the world of tea and aren't sure what your preferences are, put a kettle on the stove and start experimenting."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How Long to Steep Your Tea, According to Science | Mental Floss\n\nMental Floss\n\nMENU\n\nCLOSE\n\n * BIG QUESTIONS\n * QUIZZES\n * BIOGRAPHIES\n * LISTS\n * AMAZING FACTS\n * STORE\n\n## SECTIONS\n\n * BIG QUESTIONS\n * JOB SECRETS\n * HISTORY VS.\n * KENNECTIONS\n * LIVE SMARTER\n * QUIZZES\n * RETROBITUARIES\n * SMART SHOPPING\n * #TBT\n\n## BIOGRAPHIES\n\n * AUTHORS\n * SCIENTISTS\n * ARTISTS\n * U.S. PRESIDENTS\n * MILITARY\n\n## TOPICS\n\n * ANIMALS\n * ARCHAEOLOGY\n * ART\n * CORONAVIRUS\n * DIY\n * ENTERTAINMENT\n * FOOD\n * HEALTH\n * HISTORY\n * LANGUAGE\n * OLYMPICS\n * SCIENCE\n * SPORTS\n * TECHNOLOGY\n * TRAVEL\n\n## TOPICS\n\n * ANIMALS\n * ARCHAEOLOGY\n * ART\n * CORONAVIRUS\n * DIY\n * ENTERTAINMENT\n * FOOD\n * HEALTH\n * HISTORY\n * LANGUAGE\n * OLYMPICS\n * SCIENCE\n * SPORTS\n * TECHNOLOGY\n * TRAVEL\n\n## TOPICS\n\n * ANIMALS\n * ARCHAEOLOGY\n * ART\n * CORONAVIRUS\n * DIY\n * ENTERTAINMENT\n * FOOD\n * HEALTH\n * HISTORY\n * LANGUAGE\n * OLYMPICS\n * SCIENCE\n * SPORTS\n * TECHNOLOGY\n * TRAVEL\n\n## ABOUT\n\n * ABOUT US\n * AUTHORS\n * COOKIE POLICY\n * CONTACT\n * CUSTOMER SERVICE\n * PITCH A STORY\n * PRIVACY\n * RSS\n * STORE\n * TERMS\n\nMENTAL FLOSS\n\nABOUT RSS CONTACT US PRIVACY POLICY COOKIE POLICY TERMS OF SERVICE\n\nThe Players’ Tribune FanSided 90MIN DBLTAP The Big Lead\n\nMentalFlossVideo on YouTube @mental_floss on Instagram @mental_floss on\nInstagram @mental_floss on Twitter\n\nSubscribe to our Newsletter!\n\nSIGN UP NOW\n\nThe Players’ Tribune FanSided 90MIN DBLTAP The Big Lead\n\n×\n\nCLOSE\n\narrow\n\nEssential Science\n\n# How Long to Steep Your Tea, According to Science\n\nBY Michele Debczak\n\nMay 23, 2018\n\niStock\n\nThe tea in your cabinet likely has vague instructions about how long to steep\nthe leaves. Bigelow, for instance, suggests two to four minutes for black tea,\nand one to three minutes for green tea. According to Lipton, you should \"try\nsinging the National Anthem\" while waiting for black tea leaves to infuse.\n\nBut while it's true that tea brewed for 30 seconds is technically just as\ndrinkable as a forgotten mug of tea that's been steeping for 30 minutes,\ndrinkable shouldn't be your goal. Taste and—depending on the tea you're\ndrinking—antioxidant and caffeine levels all depend on the amount of time the\nleaves are in contact with the water. So how early is too early to pluck out a\ntea bag, and how long can you leave it in before passing the point of no\nreturn?\n\n#### THE SCIENCE OF STEEPING\n\nTo achieve the perfect timing, you first need to understand the chemical\nprocess at work when you pour hot water over tea leaves. Black, green, white,\nand oolong tea all come from the leaves and buds of the same plant, Camellia\nsinensis. (Herbal teas aren't considered \"true teas\" because they don't come\nfrom C. sinensis.) The teas are processed differently: Green and white tea\nleaves are heated to dry them, limiting the amount of oxidation they get,\nwhile black and oolong tea leaves are exposed to oxygen before they're dried,\ncreating the chemical reactions that give the tea its distinct color and\nflavor. Damaging the tea leaves—by macerating them, rolling them gently, or\nsomething in between—helps expose the chemicals inside their cells to varying\nlevels of oxygen.\n\nBoth green and black teas contain a lot of the same chemical compounds that\ncontribute to their flavor profiles and nutritional content. When the leaves\nare submerged in hot water, these compounds leach into the liquid through a\nprocess called osmotic diffusion, which occurs when there's fluid on both\nsides of a selectively permeable membrane—in this case, the tea leaf.\nCompounds on the surface of the leaf and in the interior cells damaged by\nprocessing will diffuse into the surrounding liquid until the compounds in\nboth the leaf and the water reach equilibrium. In other words, if given enough\ntime to steep, the liquid in your mug will become just as concentrated with\ntea compounds as the liquid in your tea leaves, and the ratio will stay that\nway.\n\nOsmotic diffusion doesn't happen all at once—different compounds enter the\nwater at different rates based on their molecular weight. The light, volatile\nchemicals that contribute to tea's aroma and flavor profile dissolve the\nfastest, which is why the smell from a bag of tea leaves becomes more potent\nthe moment you dunk it in water. The next group of compounds to infuse with\nthe water includes the micronutrients flavanols and polyphenols, which are\nantioxidants, and caffeine. They're followed by heavier flavanols and\npolyphenols such as tannins, which are the compounds responsible for tea's\nbitter flavor. (They're also what make your mouth feel dry after drinking a\nglass of wine.) Tea also has amino acids like theanine, which can offset the\nsharpness of tannins.\n\nWater temperature is another factor to take into consideration when steeping\nyour tea. High water temperature creates more kinetic energy, which encourages\nthe compounds to dissolve. \"The heat helps you to extract the compounds out of\nthe tea leaves,\" Shengmin Sang, a North Carolina A&T State University\nresearcher who studies the chemistry of tea, tells Mental Floss. \"If you put\nit into cold water or low-temperature water, the efficiency to extract these\ncompounds out of the leaves will be much lower.\" But not all water is equal:\nBigelow Tea recommends using water at a rolling boil for black tea, and barely\nboiling water for green tea.\n\n#### LOOSE LEAF VS. TEA BAGS\n\nOsmotic diffusion takes place whether you use loose leaves or tea bags, but\nthere are some notable differences between the two. When given room to expand,\nloose tea leaves swell to their full capacity, creating more room for water to\nflow in and extract all those desirable compounds. Tea that comes prepackaged\nin a bag, on the other hand, only has so much room to grow, and the quality\nsuffers as a result. This is why some tea companies have started selling tea\nin roomier, pyramid-shaped bags, though the size matters more than the shape.\n\nBut even before the tea touches the water, there's a difference in quality.\nLoose leaf tea usually consists of whole leaves, while most teabags are filled\nwith broken pieces of tea leaves called dust or fannings, which have less-\nnuanced flavors and infuse fewer antioxidants than whole leaves, no matter how\nlong you let them steep.\n\nSo if you have a choice, go with loose leaf. But if tea bags are all you have\non hand, don't bother adjusting your brewing method: The difference in taste\nand antioxidants isn't something that can be fixed with a few extra minutes,\nand according to Sang, you should follow the same steeping times for both tea\nbags and loose leaf.\n\nTo calculate the perfect brew times for what's in your mug, first consider\nwhat you want most out of your drink.\n\n#### IF YOU DRINK TEA TO BE HEALTHY\n\nSuggested steeping time: 2 minutes, 30 seconds to 5 minutes\n\nTea leaves are packed with beneficial compounds. Research indicates that\nflavanols such as catechins and epicatechins, found in both green and black\nteas, help suppress inflammation and curb plaque build-up in arteries.\nDrinking tea may improve vascular reactivity, which dictates how well blood\nvessels adjust to stress. According an analysis of multiple tea-related\nstudies published in the European Journal of Epidemiology in 2015, drinking\nthree cups of tea a day reduces your risk of coronary heart disease by 27\npercent, cardiac death by 26 percent, and total mortality by 24 percent.\nPolyphenolic antioxidants in tea may also protect against diabetes,\ndepression, and liver disease.\n\nPast research has shown that it takes 100 to 150 seconds to extract half the\npolyphenol content from green and black tea leaves. According to a study\npublished in 2016 in the journal Beverages, you can get more polyphenols into\nyour drink if you allow the leaves more time to steep. However, the returns\nmay not be worth the extra effort: Most of the compounds the researchers\nmeasured after 10 minutes of steeping were extracted in the first 5 minutes.\n\nSang makes another argument for not waiting too long to drink your tea.\nAntioxidants are slightly unstable, which means they will eventually break\ndown and lose their healthy properties after infusing with water. “After you\nextract the compounds from the tea bag, you can not keep the solution for too\nlong,” he says. “Because these compounds are not stable, they will be\noxidized. So if you brew it in the morning, then you drink it in the\nafternoon, that's not good.” This oxidation can occur even after the tea\nleaves are removed from the cup, so if your tea has been sitting out for a few\nhours, it's better to brew a new batch than to pop it in the microwave.\n\n#### IF YOU DRINK TEA FOR THE CAFFEINE BOOST\n\nSuggested steeping time: 3 to 5 minutes\n\nThough less potent than its rival coffee, a properly brewed cup of tea packs a\ncaffeine punch. According to a 2008 study published in the Journal of\nAnalytical Toxicology [PDF], letting your tea brew for at least a few minutes\nhas a big impact on the caffeine content. The study found that after brewing\nfor one minute, a cup of regular Lipton black tea had 17 milligrams of\ncaffeine per 6 ounces of water, 38 milligrams per 6 ounces after three\nminutes, and 47 milligrams per 6 ounces after five. (The nutritional\ninformation for Lipton black tea says a serving contains 55 milligrams of\ncaffeine per 8 ounces, so it's pretty accurate.)\n\nSome people may use those numbers as an excuse to steep their tea past the\nfive-minute mark in an attempt to reach 100 percent dissolution. But a longer\nbrewing time doesn't necessarily equal a stronger caffeine kick. Yes, more\ncaffeine molecules will enter the tea, but so will other compounds like\nthearubigins. Caffeine works because it's perfectly shaped to bind to certain\nneuroreceptors in your brain, thus blocking the chemicals that tell you to\nfeel tired. But caffeine is the right shape to bind to thearubigins as well,\nand if that happens first, less caffeine will get to those neuroreceptors. So\nif you're looking for a highly caffeinated cup of tea, you should remove the\nleaves after most of the caffeine has been extracted—after about three to five\nminutes—rather than waiting for every last milligram of caffeine to dissolve.\n\n#### IF YOU DRINK TEA BECAUSE IT TASTES GOOD\n\nSuggested steeping time: 1 to 3 minutes\n\nThere's nothing wrong with enjoying a cup of tea for taste alone. Flavor is\nthe most subjective factor influenced by steeping times, but for the sake of\nsimplicity, let's assume you prefer a pronounced tea taste that's not\novershadowed by bitterness. To extract those more delicate flavors, you don't\nneed to steep your tea leaves for very long at all. Some of the first volatile\norganic compounds to break down in tea are geraniol and phenylacetaldehyde,\ntied to a tea's floral aroma, and linalool and linalool oxide, which give tea\nits sweetness.\n\nThe other compounds we associate with tea's distinctive taste are tannins.\nThey're the difference between an aromatic, fruity cup of tea and a bitter cup\nthat needs to be diluted with milk before it's palatable. But tannins aren't\nall bad: Some people prefer their tea to have a bracing astringency. Because\ntannins are some of the last molecules to dissolve into tea, if you want to\nadd some bitter complexity to your drink, steep your tea for a minute or two\nlonger than you normally would. A good way to keep track of the strength of\nyour tea is to look at the color: Like tannins, pigments are heavy compounds,\nso if you see your tea getting darker, that means it's getting stronger as\nwell.\n\nAnd what about herbal teas? Feel free to leave the leaves in as long as you\nlike. Because herbal teas are high in aromatic compounds and low in tannins,\ndrinkers can be more liberal with their steep times without worrying about\ngetting that astringent taste. Some teas, like rooibos and chamomile, also\ncontain antioxidants, which is another reason to take your time.\n\nAnd if you're new to the world of tea and aren't sure what your preferences\nare, put a kettle on the stove and start experimenting.\n\nbeverages chemistry food science News science\n\nFACEBOOK 0\n\nTWITTER\n\nEMAIL\n\nSubscribe to our Newsletter!\n\nSIGN UP NOW\n\nMENTAL FLOSS\n\nABOUT RSS CONTACT US PRIVACY POLICY COOKIE POLICY TERMS OF SERVICE\n\nThe Players’ Tribune FanSided 90MIN DBLTAP The Big Lead\n\nMentalFlossVideo on YouTube @mental_floss on Instagram @mental_floss on\nInstagram @mental_floss on Twitter\n\nSubscribe to our Newsletter!\n\nSIGN UP NOW\n\nThe Players’ Tribune FanSided 90MIN DBLTAP The Big Lead\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.ohhowcivilized.com/tea-brewing-guide-beginners/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210301013126/https://www.ohhowcivilized.com/tea-brewing-guide-beginners/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tea Brewing Guide",
"passages": [
"It can be confusing to keep track of how each type of tea needs to be brewed. Use my handy guide to make tea perfectly each and every time.",
"There’s soooo much information out there. If you’re wondering where to start, you’ve come to the right place — I’ll go over each type of tea and how to prepare it properly.",
"Use 1.5 Teaspoon of Tea for Each Cup of Water A rule of thumb is to use 1.5 teaspoon of tea per 8 fl. oz. of water. You can also use a heaping teaspoon of tea for every cup.",
"Opt for Loose Leaf Tea Loose, whole tea is ALWAYS going to taste better than tea in tea bags. Go for quality and opt for the loose tea.",
"Make Room for the Leaves to Unfurl The best brewed loose leaf are the ones that have the most room for the tea to unfurl and expand. Instead of a tea filter, opt for a roomy infuser if using a teacup or mug.",
"AMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for every cup of water.",
"IDEAL STEEPING VESSEL Kyusu (Japanese teapot) if tea is from Japan. Gaiwan (Chinese porcelain or glass cup with a lid) if tea is from China.",
"AMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for every cup of water.",
"WATER TEMPERATURE 160°F – 175°F depending on the tea. When the water starts to steam before you see any bubbles.",
"AMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for every cup of water.",
"The most common type of tea in the US. Blends like Earl Grey and English Breakfast are made from black tea leaves.",
"AMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for every cup of water.",
"AMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz If you’re drinking puerh, you’re probably not drinking it from a teacup or mug.",
"Hey Jee...! am also reads your posts but this is one of my favorite and i really like it your tea. Thanks for sharing.......!",
"Welcome! I'm a certified Tea Sommelier and a self-proclaimed iced tea master. I'm all about making tea EASY and DELICIOUS.",
"Oh, How Civilized�?is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tea Brewing Guide | Oh, How Civilized\n\nSkip to content\n\nHome » Tea Guides\n\n# Tea Brewing Guide\n\nMarch 6, 2020November 20, 2017by Jee Choe\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links.\n\nIt can be confusing to keep track of how each type of tea needs to be brewed.\nUse my handy guide to make tea perfectly each and every time.\n\n## Tea Brewing Basics\n\nTaking the big step into loose leaf tea (beyond Lipton teabags) is quite an\noverwhelming one.\n\nThere’s soooo much information out there. If you’re wondering where to start,\nyou’ve come to the right place — I’ll go over each type of tea and how to\nprepare it properly.\n\nFirst, let me go over some basics.\n\nUse 1.5 Teaspoon of Tea for Each Cup of Water A rule of thumb is to use 1.5\nteaspoon of tea per 8 fl. oz. of water. You can also use a heaping teaspoon of\ntea for every cup.\n\nOpt for Loose Leaf Tea Loose, whole tea is ALWAYS going to taste better than\ntea in tea bags. Go for quality and opt for the loose tea.\n\nMake Room for the Leaves to Unfurl The best brewed loose leaf are the ones\nthat have the most room for the tea to unfurl and expand. Instead of a tea\nfilter, opt for a roomy infuser if using a teacup or mug.\n\nRELATED: How to Make Tea Properly RELATED: Best Electric Kettles for Tea\nRELATED: Where to Buy Tea Online\n\n## White Tea\n\nWHAT TO GET Silver Needle, White Peony\n\nCAFFEINE LEVEL Light\n\nIDEAL STEEPING VESSEL Gaiwan (Chinese porcelain or glass cup with a lid.)\n\nAMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for\nevery cup of water.\n\nWATER TEMPERATURE 170°F – 180°F When the water starts to steam before you see\nany bubbles.\n\nSTEEPING TIME 4 minutes\n\n## Green Tea\n\nWHAT TO GET Genmaicha, Sencha, Hojicha\n\nCAFFEINE LEVEL Medium\n\nIDEAL STEEPING VESSEL Kyusu (Japanese teapot) if tea is from Japan. Gaiwan\n(Chinese porcelain or glass cup with a lid) if tea is from China.\n\nAMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for\nevery cup of water.\n\nWATER TEMPERATURE 160°F – 175°F depending on the tea. When the water starts to\nsteam before you see any bubbles.\n\nSTEEPING TIME 3 minutes\n\n## Oolong Tea\n\nWHAT TO GET Iron Goddess (Tie Guan Yin), Oriental Beauty\n\nCAFFEINE LEVEL Medium\n\nIDEAL STEEPING VESSEL Yixing or clay teapot Gaiwan (Chinese porcelain or glass\ncup with a lid.)\n\nAMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for\nevery cup of water.\n\nWATER TEMPERATURE 185°F – 208°F When the water just starts to bubble and move.\n\nSTEEPING TIME 3 minutes\n\n## Black Tea\n\nThe most common type of tea in the US. Blends like Earl Grey and English\nBreakfast are made from black tea leaves.\n\nWHAT TO GET Assam, Darjeeling, Ceylon\n\nCAFFEINE LEVEL High\n\nIDEAL STEEPING VESSEL Gaiwan (Chinese porcelain or glass cup with a lid.)\n\nAMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz Or 1.5 teaspoons of tea for\nevery cup of water.\n\nWATER TEMPERATURE 190°F – 212°F When the water is at a rolling boil.\n\nSTEEPING TIME 5 minutes\n\n## Puerh Tea\n\nWHAT TO GET Shou puerh, or get a few samples to try first.\n\nCAFFEINE LEVEL High\n\nIDEAL STEEPING VESSEL Gaiwan (Chinese porcelain or glass cup with a lid.)\n\nAMOUNT OF TEA + WATER 1 teaspoon (3 grams) + 6 oz If you’re drinking puerh,\nyou’re probably not drinking it from a teacup or mug.\n\nWATER TEMPERATURE 190°F – 212°F When the water is at a rolling boil.\n\nSTEEPING TIME 5 minutes\n\n### 2 thoughts on “Tea Brewing Guide”\n\n 1. Umakant\n\nNovember 22, 2017 at 4:44 AM\n\nHey Jee...! am also reads your posts but this is one of my favorite and i\nreally like it your tea. Thanks for sharing.......!\n\nReply\n\n * Jee\n\nNovember 25, 2017 at 9:22 PM\n\nThanks so much, Umakant!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\n## Hi, I’m Jee!\n\nWelcome! I'm a certified Tea Sommelier and a self-proclaimed iced tea master.\nI'm all about making tea EASY and DELICIOUS.\n\n## Most Popular\n\n#### Quick & Easy Iced Tea Recipe\n\n#### Thai Iced Tea Made Easy\n\n#### Easy Cold Brew Tea\n\n#### How to Make Tea Lattes + 17 Tea Latte Recipes\n\n#### 24 Delicious Tea Sandwiches Perfect for Tea Parties\n\n#### Decadent Chai Latte from Scratch\n\n## Quick View Stories\n\n#### 5 Easy Iced Tea Recipes\n\n#### Easy Lemon Syrup\n\n#### Lavender Tea\n\n#### Homemade Lavender Syrup\n\n#### Homemade Rose Syrup\n\n#### Matcha Milkshake\n\nOh, How Civilized�?is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com.\n\nInstagram | Pinterest | Facebook | YouTube\n\nPRIVACY POLICY • TERMS • ACCESSIBILITY • © 2021 OH, HOW CIVILIZED\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.myrecipes.com/extracrispy/tea-balls-suck",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201130111630/https://www.myrecipes.com/extracrispy/tea-balls-suck",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tea Balls Are the Worst Way to Make Tea",
"passages": [
"Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.",
"I have given up on tea balls. That's not code for anything unsavory—just a slightly crass-sounding term for the tea infusers that have served as stocking stuffers and gift store staples since time immemorial, tucked in between the sachets and the bookmarks emblazoned with rainbows and sayings. These too- fussy little metal cages dangling from a chain are the thing to get someone when you have a vague idea that they might like hot tea, or basically you don’t know them at all, but you got their name in an office secret Santa. Tea balls work for both.",
"Tea infusers come in various shapes, from classic round orbs (hence the “ball” reference), to teapots, to the always-classic heart. But alas, if thou doest believe these small orbs be relegated to the Victorian tea room or Cracker Barrel gift shop, think again. They’ve also evolved into silicone animals that I will admit wooed me for a moment, especially the Manatea. Unfortunately, for me, the Manatea and his buddies are only marginally better than their dangly, pot metal counterparts.",
"Yes, I’m bitter. It’s morning and I decided to forgo my usual coffee for a loose leaf tea start to my day, and I fished the tea ball out of the back of my kitchen utensil drawer where it was living next to the little knife and scoop that comes in the jack-o'-lantern kit. But this tea-ball-created cuppa is far from satisfying. Here’s why:",
"Most of tea infusers hold 3⁄4 to 11⁄2 tablespoons of tea, which is perfect for your granny’s tea cup. To me, that isn’t enough tea to infuse a proper cup of tea in mugs most common in today’s American kitchens. The ones emblazoned with World’s Greatest Teacher or received for your fourth quarter earnings—those vessels in heavy rotation can hold a venti and extra whip with ease. Use a mug that size and you have weak tea (read: diluted caffeine, diluted everything good).",
"I know it seems ultra-obvious, but tea is a leaf. Add any variations, and you might have berries, twigs, stalks and even bits of peel in the mix. Adding these to a tea infuser takes a bit of wrangling, and there is no way to really do this other than with your fingers, which invariably means some escapes and falls to the countertop. Also, using your fingers can lead to...",
"This is not an aspect of the next-generation silicone infusers, but traditional tea balls, and especially the tea tong, can pinch your delicate digits as you try to keep said twigs and leaves in and close the thing (sometimes with a tiny hinge). It’s not really painful, but it is highly annoying.",
"If all that fishing from back of drawer, wrangling leaves and twigs, and pinching is not quite enough, more than occasionally one of said twigs or leaves escapes its captivity, only to get stuck in your teeth or on your lip upon that next sip. All this general fussiness and flora is more than likely floating in your cup.",
"Maybe I am a little bit too fussy and caffeine-deprived to fuss with these things first thing. Or maybe it’s because I finally got my serene cup of tea (and more) by making a whole pot in my new Krups tea kettle, which has a handy-dandy screen on the spout to keep all leaves in the pot and out of my cup, and give me a second cup without having to cage more dried greenery. But whatever the reason, I have a hint for any future secret Santas: Ditch the tea ball. I like cocktails.",
"MyRecipes.com is part of the Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith Corporation. MyRecipes is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporation All Rights Reserved. MyRecipes may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tea Balls Are the Worst Way to Make Tea | MyRecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore MyRecipes\n\nMyRecipes MyRecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nYour Profile\n\n### Account\n\n * Register\n * Recipe Box this link opens in a new tab\n * Newsletters\n * Email Preferences\n * Subscribe this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# Tea Balls Suck\n\nThere's a better way to steep your morning cup\n\nBy Stephanie Burt\n\nUpdated February 13, 2018\n\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\ncommission.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print\n\nCredit: Photo by ATU Images via Getty Images\n\nI have given up on tea balls. That's not code for anything unsavory—just a\nslightly crass-sounding term for the tea infusers that have served as stocking\nstuffers and gift store staples since time immemorial, tucked in between the\nsachets and the bookmarks emblazoned with rainbows and sayings. These too-\nfussy little metal cages dangling from a chain are the thing to get someone\nwhen you have a vague idea that they might like hot tea, or basically you\ndon’t know them at all, but you got their name in an office secret Santa. Tea\nballs work for both.\n\nTea infusers come in various shapes, from classic round orbs (hence the “ball”\nreference), to teapots, to the always-classic heart. But alas, if thou doest\nbelieve these small orbs be relegated to the Victorian tea room or Cracker\nBarrel gift shop, think again. They’ve also evolved into silicone animals that\nI will admit wooed me for a moment, especially the Manatea. Unfortunately, for\nme, the Manatea and his buddies are only marginally better than their dangly,\npot metal counterparts.\n\nYes, I’m bitter. It’s morning and I decided to forgo my usual coffee for a\nloose leaf tea start to my day, and I fished the tea ball out of the back of\nmy kitchen utensil drawer where it was living next to the little knife and\nscoop that comes in the jack-o'-lantern kit. But this tea-ball-created cuppa\nis far from satisfying. Here’s why:\n\n## The size\n\nMost of tea infusers hold 3⁄4 to 11⁄2 tablespoons of tea, which is perfect for\nyour granny’s tea cup. To me, that isn’t enough tea to infuse a proper cup of\ntea in mugs most common in today’s American kitchens. The ones emblazoned with\nWorld’s Greatest Teacher or received for your fourth quarter earnings—those\nvessels in heavy rotation can hold a venti and extra whip with ease. Use a mug\nthat size and you have weak tea (read: diluted caffeine, diluted everything\ngood).\n\n## The mess\n\nI know it seems ultra-obvious, but tea is a leaf. Add any variations, and you\nmight have berries, twigs, stalks and even bits of peel in the mix. Adding\nthese to a tea infuser takes a bit of wrangling, and there is no way to really\ndo this other than with your fingers, which invariably means some escapes and\nfalls to the countertop. Also, using your fingers can lead to...\n\n## The pinching\n\nThis is not an aspect of the next-generation silicone infusers, but\ntraditional tea balls, and especially the tea tong, can pinch your delicate\ndigits as you try to keep said twigs and leaves in and close the thing\n(sometimes with a tiny hinge). It’s not really painful, but it is highly\nannoying.\n\n## The fussiness\n\nIf all that fishing from back of drawer, wrangling leaves and twigs, and\npinching is not quite enough, more than occasionally one of said twigs or\nleaves escapes its captivity, only to get stuck in your teeth or on your lip\nupon that next sip. All this general fussiness and flora is more than likely\nfloating in your cup.\n\nMaybe I am a little bit too fussy and caffeine-deprived to fuss with these\nthings first thing. Or maybe it’s because I finally got my serene cup of tea\n(and more) by making a whole pot in my new Krups tea kettle, which has a\nhandy-dandy screen on the spout to keep all leaves in the pot and out of my\ncup, and give me a second cup without having to cage more dried greenery. But\nwhatever the reason, I have a hint for any future secret Santas: Ditch the tea\nball. I like cocktails.\n\n`\n\nView Series\n\n * Coca-Cola Is Finally Combining Its Two Best Flavors to Create Cherry-Vanilla Coke\n\n * Why Thomas Keller Thinks Farm-to-Table Is Absurd\n\n * The Best Post-Party Breakfast Spots in Atlanta, According to Local DJs\n\n * Maybe Vinegar Can Save You\n\n## Share options\n\n## Login\n\nMyRecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMyRecipes.com is part of the Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2020 Meredith\nCorporation. MyRecipes is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporation All\nRights Reserved. MyRecipes may receive compensation for some links to products\nand services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice.\nPrivacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in\na new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis\nlink opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.myrecipes.com\n\n## View image\n\nTea Balls Suck\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-brew-black-tea-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-201670",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190707024659/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-brew-black-tea-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-201670",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Brew Black Tea",
"passages": [
"Learning how to brew black tea is not about being fussy. In fact, there is no ONE right or wrong way to do it! However, by following a few guidelines you can enjoy black teas to their fullest and appreciate all the subtleties and nuances they have to offer.",
"This tutorial is for black tea. (For a description of different types of tea, see What You Should Know About Black Tea.) Although all black teas have some things in common, there are many variables — type of tea, leaf size, harvesting season, etc. — and therefore there is no ONE standard for how to brew black tea. Consider this a guide, but ultimately trust your own palate. Experiment and see what tastes best to you.",
"As a general rule of thumb, use 2 to 3 grams of tea leaves per 6 ounces of water. Measuring by weight is preferable because tea leaves come in different sizes. If you want to measure by volume, start with 1 rounded teaspoon. For larger leaf sizes, you may want to use up to 1 to 2 tablespoons. Again, experiment to see what works for you.",
"The water you use is perhaps just as important as the tea leaves. Whether it’s tap, filtered, or spring water, it should taste good. Avoid distilled water, which can taste flat. Start with fresh, cold water that has not been previously boiled.",
"As a general rule of thumb, let the water come just to a rolling boil. Depending on which expert you consult, the ideal temperature can range from 190° to 212°F, which you can measure using a thermometer, or simply eyeball it. Heating the water to the optimal temperature will bring out the right balance of tannins. If the water temperature is too low, it may not extract the full range of flavors. If the temperature is too high, the tea will be too tannic and taste bitter.",
"As a general rule of thumb, steep the tea from 3 to 5 minutes. The exact amount of time will depend on the particular tea leaves, the cut of the leaves, and your personal preference for a stronger or milder brew. You may wish to taste the tea at the 3-minute mark and then every 30 seconds to discover your sweet spot. Take notes for future reference.",
"→ Tip: To make a strong tea, use more tea leaves rather than more time, which will make the tea bitter.",
"Keep in mind that you want room for the tea leaves to unfold and release their flavors. Tea leaves can expand 3 to 5 times in size. For this reason, a roomier basket-style infuser or filter (made of glass, metal, or cloth) is usually preferable to the ball-style of infuser.",
"You can also brew the tea leaves directly in the pot or cup and strain them out as you pour.",
"Heat the water. Place the water in a tea kettle and heat it just to a rolling boil, or between 200° and 212°F.",
"Pre-warm the teapot or cup (optional). Pour a small amount of boiling water into the pot or cup. When the pot or cup is warm, pour out the water.",
"Measure the tea leaves. Using a scale, measure 2 to 3 grams of tea leaves. Alternatively, measure 1 rounded teaspoon of tea leaves.",
"Place the leaves in the teapot or cup. Place the tea leaves in the pot or cup, either directly or in an infuser.",
"Cover the teapot or cup. Place the lid on the teapot or, if using a cup, cover it with a lid or a small saucer.",
"Keep it cozy (optional). Cover the teapot or cup with a tea cozy or a thick towel to retain heat.",
"Steep the tea. Set a timer for 3 to 5 minutes. You may wish to taste the tea at 3 minutes and then every 30 seconds until it is to your liking.",
"Stop the infusion. As soon as the tea is ready, remove the leaves by lifting out the infuser or pouring the tea through a strainer.",
"Add milk, lemon, or sweetener (optional). If using milk, heat it gradually by adding the milk to the cup first, then pouring in the tea. Avoid combining milk and lemon, or the milk may curdle.",
"Reusing tea leaves. Whole tea leaves can often be steeped 2 to 3 times. Increase the steep time with each infusion.",
"Want more smart tutorials for getting things done around the home? See more How To posts We’re looking for great examples of your own household intelligence too! Submit your own tutorials or ideas here!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Brew Black Tea | Kitchn\n\nCooking Lessons from The Kitchn\n\n# How To Brew Black Tea\n\nby Emily Han\n\n(Image credit: Emily Han)\n\nLearning how to brew black tea is not about being fussy. In fact, there is no\nONE right or wrong way to do it! However, by following a few guidelines you\ncan enjoy black teas to their fullest and appreciate all the subtleties and\nnuances they have to offer.\n\nBy following a few guidelines you can enjoy black teas to their fullest (Image\ncredit: Emily Han)\n\n1 of 11\n\nHeat the water (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n2 of 11\n\nPre-warm the teapot or cup (optional) (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n3 of 11\n\nMeasure the tea leaves (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n4 of 11\n\nPlace the leaves in the teapot or cup (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n5 of 11\n\nPour the water (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n6 of 11\n\nCover the teapot or cup (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n7 of 11\n\nKeep it cozy (optional) (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n8 of 11\n\nSteep the tea (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n9 of 11\n\nStop the infusion (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n10 of 11\n\nAdd milk, lemon, or sweetener (optional) (Image credit: Emily Han)\n\n11 of 11\n\n### The Tea\n\nThis tutorial is for black tea. (For a description of different types of tea,\nsee What You Should Know About Black Tea.) Although all black teas have some\nthings in common, there are many variables — type of tea, leaf size,\nharvesting season, etc. — and therefore there is no ONE standard for how to\nbrew black tea. Consider this a guide, but ultimately trust your own palate.\nExperiment and see what tastes best to you.\n\nAs a general rule of thumb, use 2 to 3 grams of tea leaves per 6 ounces of\nwater. Measuring by weight is preferable because tea leaves come in different\nsizes. If you want to measure by volume, start with 1 rounded teaspoon. For\nlarger leaf sizes, you may want to use up to 1 to 2 tablespoons. Again,\nexperiment to see what works for you.\n\n### The Water\n\nThe water you use is perhaps just as important as the tea leaves. Whether it’s\ntap, filtered, or spring water, it should taste good. Avoid distilled water,\nwhich can taste flat. Start with fresh, cold water that has not been\npreviously boiled.\n\nAs a general rule of thumb, let the water come just to a rolling boil.\nDepending on which expert you consult, the ideal temperature can range from\n190° to 212°F, which you can measure using a thermometer, or simply eyeball\nit. Heating the water to the optimal temperature will bring out the right\nbalance of tannins. If the water temperature is too low, it may not extract\nthe full range of flavors. If the temperature is too high, the tea will be too\ntannic and taste bitter.\n\n### The Steeping Time\n\nAs a general rule of thumb, steep the tea from 3 to 5 minutes. The exact\namount of time will depend on the particular tea leaves, the cut of the\nleaves, and your personal preference for a stronger or milder brew. You may\nwish to taste the tea at the 3-minute mark and then every 30 seconds to\ndiscover your sweet spot. Take notes for future reference.\n\n→ Tip: To make a strong tea, use more tea leaves rather than more time, which\nwill make the tea bitter.\n\n### Infusers and Strainers\n\nKeep in mind that you want room for the tea leaves to unfold and release their\nflavors. Tea leaves can expand 3 to 5 times in size. For this reason, a\nroomier basket-style infuser or filter (made of glass, metal, or cloth) is\nusually preferable to the ball-style of infuser.\n\nYou can also brew the tea leaves directly in the pot or cup and strain them\nout as you pour.\n\n4 Ratings\n\n## How to Brew Black Tea\n\nMakes1 cup (multiply as desired)\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 6 ounces water, plus more if pre-warming the pot or cup\n * 2 to 3 grams or 1 rounded teaspoon loose leaf black tea\n * Optional : milk, lemon, sugar, honey, fruit preserves (Russian tradition)\n\n#### Equipment\n\n * Kettle to boil water\n * Thermometer (optional)\n * Teapot\n * Scale or measuring spoon\n * Filter or strainer\n * Timer\n * Tea cup for serving\n * Spoon for stirring milk, sugar, lemon (optional)\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. Heat the water. Place the water in a tea kettle and heat it just to a rolling boil, or between 200° and 212°F.\n\n 2. Pre-warm the teapot or cup (optional). Pour a small amount of boiling water into the pot or cup. When the pot or cup is warm, pour out the water.\n\n 3. Measure the tea leaves. Using a scale, measure 2 to 3 grams of tea leaves. Alternatively, measure 1 rounded teaspoon of tea leaves.\n\n 4. Place the leaves in the teapot or cup. Place the tea leaves in the pot or cup, either directly or in an infuser.\n\n 5. Pour the water. Pour the water over the tea leaves.\n\n 6. Cover the teapot or cup. Place the lid on the teapot or, if using a cup, cover it with a lid or a small saucer.\n\n 7. Keep it cozy (optional). Cover the teapot or cup with a tea cozy or a thick towel to retain heat.\n\n 8. Steep the tea. Set a timer for 3 to 5 minutes. You may wish to taste the tea at 3 minutes and then every 30 seconds until it is to your liking.\n\n 9. Stop the infusion. As soon as the tea is ready, remove the leaves by lifting out the infuser or pouring the tea through a strainer.\n\n 10. Add milk, lemon, or sweetener (optional). If using milk, heat it gradually by adding the milk to the cup first, then pouring in the tea. Avoid combining milk and lemon, or the milk may curdle.\n\n### Recipe Notes\n\nReusing tea leaves. Whole tea leaves can often be steeped 2 to 3 times.\nIncrease the steep time with each infusion.\n\n * low-fat\n * low-sodium\n * sugar-conscious\n * low-sugar\n * low-potassium\n * kidney-friendly\n * vegetarian\n * pescatarian\n * gluten-free\n * wheat-free\n * egg-free\n * peanut-free\n * tree-nut-free\n * soy-free\n * fish-free\n * shellfish-free\n * pork-free\n * red-meat-free\n * alcohol-free\n * no-oil-added\n\nPer serving, based on 2 servings. (% daily value)\n\n * Calories 0\n * Fat\n * Saturated 0 g (0%)\n * Carbs 0 g (0%)\n * Fiber\n * Sugars\n * Protein\n * Sodium 3.6 mg (0.1%)\n\nWant more smart tutorials for getting things done around the home? See more\nHow To posts We’re looking for great examples of your own household\nintelligence too! Submit your own tutorials or ideas here!\n\nPublished: Mar 25, 2014\n\n * Recipes\n * beverage\n * How To\n * tea\n\nLoading...\n\nLoading...\n\nFollow us\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2019 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n"
}
] |
699,931 | How To Get Water Stains Off Wood | To get water stains off wood, use a damp cloth to rub the stain with a mixture of baking soda and toothpaste. Afterwards, wash with oil soap and coat with furniture wax. For dark stains, apply bleach with a paintbrush and let it sit for a few hours. Then, wipe off the bleach using a sponge dampened with water, and apply white vinegar to prevent the stain or varnish from lightening when you brush it on. Once the area is dry, apply wood stain and varnish, soften the edges of the new varnish with steel wool, and wax with furniture polish. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200410010014/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/ways-to-remove-water-stains-from-wood",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200920080020/https://www.cleanipedia.com/in/en/floor-and-surface-cleaning/how-to-polish-clean-wood-furniture.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170725142059/https://newengland.com/today/living/home-repair-diy/repair-wood-scratches-rings/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191204115225/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-remove-varnish/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200107042029/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-remove-water-stains-from-wood/"
] | train | 2,450 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/ways-to-remove-water-stains-from-wood",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200410010014/https://www.architecturaldigest.com/story/ways-to-remove-water-stains-from-wood",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "5 Ways to Remove Water Stains from Wood",
"passages": [
"Being in the middle of a great party is the best feeling—you're surrounded by the buzz of conversation, the clink of glasses, the glow of candles. But then there's the worst feeling, which you are sure to experience when you catch sight of the water rings dotting your coffee table the next day. Luckily, just like all the dirty glasses, these spots can disappear fast. \"White rings on wood furniture reflect the moisture that has soaked into the top layers of the wood finish. Basically, it's moisture that gets into wax, which naturally clouds up,\" explains Sabrina Fierman, vice president of luxury cleaning service New York's Little Elves. Here are her tried-and-true methods for removing those pesky marks:",
"Put your hair dryer on its lowest setting and direct it at the water ring. \"Be sure to move the dryer around so there is no direct heat and the wood doesn't overheat,\" warns Fierman.",
"Apply a dab of either substance with a soft cloth and rub it into the mark in a circular motion. \"If the stain is not removed completely, apply more product and leave on for an hour or two and try again.\" In fact, Fierman says you can leave it on as long as overnight.",
"Look for one that's non-gel and non-whitening, then apply it to the wood in the same direction as the grain, says Fierman. Remove the paste, then use a wood polish to make the surface shine.",
"Fierman suggests asking your hardware store for the finest grade steel wool available—you don't want to scratch your table. Use it to gently rub lemon oil in the wood in the direction of the grain. \"Tread carefully and do not go beyond the confines of the stain or you can further damage the finish,\" she says.",
"\"I like Old Craftsmen's Brand's White Ring Spot Remover,\" says Fierman. \"I also like an old-fashioned product called Jubilee Kitchen Wax. It’s very good for a variety of surfaces, including wood, enamel, and Formica, and protects surfaces from moisture that causes rings in the first place.\"",
"Our website, archdigest.com, offers constant original coverage of the interior design and architecture worlds, new shops and products, travel destinations, art and cultural events, celebrity style, and high-end real estate as well as access to print features and images from the AD archives.",
"© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Architectural Digest may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"
]
},
"parsed_md": "5 Ways to Remove Water Stains from Wood | Architectural Digest\n\nSkip to main content\n\nSearch\n\n * Architecture + Design\n * CLEVER\n * Celebrity Style\n * Lifestyle\n * AD Pro\n\nHomes + Decor\n\n# 5 Ways to Remove Water Stains from Wood\n\nNo, your coffee table isn't ruined forever\n\nBy Lindsey Mather\n\nJuly 4, 2017\n\nPhoto: Courtesy of Giphy\n\nBeing in the middle of a great party is the best feeling—you're surrounded by\nthe buzz of conversation, the clink of glasses, the glow of candles. But then\nthere's the worst feeling, which you are sure to experience when you catch\nsight of the water rings dotting your coffee table the next day. Luckily, just\nlike all the dirty glasses, these spots can disappear fast. \"White rings on\nwood furniture reflect the moisture that has soaked into the top layers of the\nwood finish. Basically, it's moisture that gets into wax, which naturally\nclouds up,\" explains Sabrina Fierman, vice president of luxury cleaning\nservice New York's Little Elves. Here are her tried-and-true methods for\nremoving those pesky marks:\n\nA hair dryer\n\nPut your hair dryer on its lowest setting and direct it at the water ring. \"Be\nsure to move the dryer around so there is no direct heat and the wood doesn't\noverheat,\" warns Fierman.\n\nMayonnaise or petroleum jelly\n\nApply a dab of either substance with a soft cloth and rub it into the mark in\na circular motion. \"If the stain is not removed completely, apply more product\nand leave on for an hour or two and try again.\" In fact, Fierman says you can\nleave it on as long as overnight.\n\nToothpaste\n\nLook for one that's non-gel and non-whitening, then apply it to the wood in\nthe same direction as the grain, says Fierman. Remove the paste, then use a\nwood polish to make the surface shine.\n\nSteel wool\n\nFierman suggests asking your hardware store for the finest grade steel wool\navailable—you don't want to scratch your table. Use it to gently rub lemon oil\nin the wood in the direction of the grain. \"Tread carefully and do not go\nbeyond the confines of the stain or you can further damage the finish,\" she\nsays.\n\nOver-the-counter products\n\n\"I like Old Craftsmen's Brand's White Ring Spot Remover,\" says Fierman. \"I\nalso like an old-fashioned product called Jubilee Kitchen Wax. It’s very good\nfor a variety of surfaces, including wood, enamel, and Formica, and protects\nsurfaces from moisture that causes rings in the first place.\"\n\nExplorehome improvement\n\nOur website, archdigest.com, offers constant original coverage of the interior\ndesign and architecture worlds, new shops and products, travel destinations,\nart and cultural events, celebrity style, and high-end real estate as well as\naccess to print features and images from the AD archives.\n\n© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights.\nArchitectural Digest may earn a portion of sales from products that are\npurchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with\nretailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed,\ntransmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written\npermission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.cleanipedia.com/in/en/floor-and-surface-cleaning/how-to-polish-clean-wood-furniture.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200920080020/https://www.cleanipedia.com/in/en/floor-and-surface-cleaning/how-to-polish-clean-wood-furniture.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tips to Make Your Wooden Furniture Shine like New",
"passages": [
"We tell you how a little care can make all the difference when it comes to maintaining your wooden furniture. Try these tips and your furniture will look as new as the day you bought it.",
"In India, solid wood furniture is very popular, especially pieces that have been owned by families for generations. While they make a great style statement in your home, they do require timely maintenance and proper care. Your furniture will not only look clean, but will also last longer. With the right cleaning tips and amazing ingredients, it’s simple to keep your wooden furniture looking great.",
"Use a damp microfibre cloth to wipe your wooden furniture to remove any dust or grime. Make sure you clean the moisture with a dry cloth so the dampness doesn’t accumulate on the surface of your wooden furniture. Allow it to air- dry.",
"If your wooden furniture has dirty spots and sticky residue, dilute a few drops of liquid dishwash in a bowl of lukewarm water. We recommend Vim dishwashing liquid, which is easily available in the market. Dampen a sponge in this solution and clean your furniture. But we suggest you test the solution on a small portion to check its compatibility. Immediately dry your furniture with another clean cloth.",
"Applying wax on your furniture goes a long way in helping it retain its shine. Furniture wax is easily available in the market. With a clean cheesecloth, apply the wax to your wooden furniture. Let it rest for 5-10 minutes before buffing it with a clean cloth. Avoid using polish sprays, as they can leave behind a residue. We suggest you follow the instructions on the product.",
"There you have it! Maintaining your wooden furniture has never been easier. These effective tricks will ensure your furniture will look amazing for years to come."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tips to Make Your Wooden Furniture Shine like New | Cleanipedia\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Floor and surface cleaning\n 3. This is How You Can Make Your Wooden Furniture Shine like New!\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# This is How You Can Make Your Wooden Furniture Shine like New!\n\nWe tell you how a little care can make all the difference when it comes to\nmaintaining your wooden furniture. Try these tips and your furniture will look\nas new as the day you bought it.\n\nUpdated July 10, 2020\n\n#### Share\n\nSharePinShare\n\nFloor and surface cleaning\n\nIn India, solid wood furniture is very popular, especially pieces that have\nbeen owned by families for generations. While they make a great style\nstatement in your home, they do require timely maintenance and proper care.\nYour furniture will not only look clean, but will also last longer. With the\nright cleaning tips and amazing ingredients, it’s simple to keep your wooden\nfurniture looking great.\n\nHere are a few cleaning tips to make your wooden furniture shine.\n\n## 1) Use a Microfibre Cloth\n\nUse a damp microfibre cloth to wipe your wooden furniture to remove any dust\nor grime. Make sure you clean the moisture with a dry cloth so the dampness\ndoesn’t accumulate on the surface of your wooden furniture. Allow it to air-\ndry.\n\nHow do you know that the surfaces in your kitchen and bathroom have been\ndisinfected?\n\n## 2) Use Dishwashing Liquid\n\nIf your wooden furniture has dirty spots and sticky residue, dilute a few\ndrops of liquid dishwash in a bowl of lukewarm water. We recommend Vim\ndishwashing liquid, which is easily available in the market. Dampen a sponge\nin this solution and clean your furniture. But we suggest you test the\nsolution on a small portion to check its compatibility. Immediately dry your\nfurniture with another clean cloth.\n\n## 3) Use Wax\n\nApplying wax on your furniture goes a long way in helping it retain its shine.\nFurniture wax is easily available in the market. With a clean cheesecloth,\napply the wax to your wooden furniture. Let it rest for 5-10 minutes before\nbuffing it with a clean cloth. Avoid using polish sprays, as they can leave\nbehind a residue. We suggest you follow the instructions on the product.\n\nThere you have it! Maintaining your wooden furniture has never been easier.\nThese effective tricks will ensure your furniture will look amazing for years\nto come.\n\n#### Advertisement\n\nOriginally published September 11, 2018\n\n### Read Next\n\n### The best way to clean a gas BBQ\n\nOut of home\n\n### Barbecue cleaning tips: How to clean a BBQ\n\nOut of home\n\n### 5 things about a washing machine that you should know\n\nLaundry\n\n### How to remove grass stains from clothes\n\nLaundry\n\n### Five Items You Should Avoid Putting Into Your Washing Machine\n\nIn the home\n\n### How to Remove Paint Stains fom Your Blanket\n\nLaundry\n\n### Want to keep your hoodies soft for a longer period of time? Follow these\nsimple tips and tricks for that extra softness\n\nLaundry\n\n### How to prevent your beloved clothes from bleeding\n\nLaundry\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Legal Notice\n * Cookies Notice\n * Sitemap\n * 🇮🇳 India\n\n© 2020 Brought to you by Unilever\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://newengland.com/today/living/home-repair-diy/repair-wood-scratches-rings/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170725142059/https://newengland.com/today/living/home-repair-diy/repair-wood-scratches-rings/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Remove White Rings from Wood",
"passages": [
"Remove white rings from wood furniture, pesky water marks, stains on leather, and improve the look of a dented tabletop with these expert old-time hints.",
"It’s inevitable. Someone carelessly set a glass on a table in your living room, and the moisture has left a white ring in the wood finish. What doesn’t have to be inevitable is a time-consuming trip to the hardware store for a commercial concoction to repair the damage. Instead, remove white rings from wood furniture with a common household condiment. Moisten a paper towel with mayonnaise and rub it into the spot until the white ring disappears. Then wipe with a clean paper towel to blot up any excess oil.",
"You can also dip a piece of extra-fine-grade steel wool in mineral oil to remove water stains from wood. Rub the steel wool back and forth over the stain-always rubbing with the grain of the wood-to distribute the oil liberally. By doing this, you will actually remove the finish in the area that has whitened. The soft abrasion of the steel wool will polish the revealed surface while removing the spot, concealing the fact that the area is now unfinished. You may want to follow up by applying a paste wax and buffing the spot where the white ring or water stain was.",
"If a white ring is small and does not appear too deep in the wood finish, use your finger to gently rub a little toothpaste into it, then wipe the area clean. (Don’t use the gel type; you need the abrasive effect of the toothpaste.)",
"Another way to remove white rings from wood furniture is to apply baking soda to them with a damp cloth, then wipe off the soda.",
"Paint remover and a bleach solution can do a good job of taking out the dark, gray-black stains that appear on oak furniture as a result of either direct exposure to water or prolonged exposure to water vapor (such as from a humidifier). First apply paint remover to lift off the finish. Then mix up a solution of equal parts household (5 percent) bleach and water. Apply the solution to the stain with a brush (if the stain is large) or a clean rag (if the stain is small). Use the bleach solution on the stained area only, being careful not to let it bleed onto the good wood.",
"You’ve already spent a small fortune on that leather chair, so the last thing you want to do is pay dearly to have it cleaned. Lucky for you, there’s a shamelessly simple tool you can use to make minor spills and stains on leather upholstery disappear: an art gum eraser. (If you don’t have one, you can buy one anywhere stationery supplies are sold.) Just give smudges and stains a rub with the eraser, and they should vanish.",
"You dropped a heavy object on a wooden tabletop, and it left a dent. You can fix it immediately by pouring a little water on the dent. The water will swell the wood fibers, which will make the dent less noticeable.",
"For a permanent fix, use an iron to remove the dent. Dampen a cotton towel and lay it on top of the dent. Then place a warm iron set to medium heat on top of the towel. Don’t allow the iron to touch the wood directly. The combination of heat and steam will act to pull up the dent. Apply the iron for only a few minutes at a time, as the moist heat will affect the undamaged wood as well. Let the surface of the wood cool between treatments and repeat as needed until the dent disappears.",
"Do you have any tips for how to remove white rings from wood, stains from leather, or repair a dented tabletop? Let us know!",
"candle, chair, clean china, coffee stain removal, furniture, furniture paint, furniture repair, how to clean, how to remove white rings from wood, remove candle wax, remove candle wax from fabric, white rings on furniture, wood finish, wood floors, wood furniture.",
"0000 steel wool followed by matching stain may be good idea if you have a gloss finish. However if it’s a more satin finish I would suggest 000 steel wool or you’ll get a polished finish spot that will stand out against the satin overall finish. The steel wool will remove the top varnish/lacquer coat and possibly some of the stain. The new stain will not take to the spot very well if it was rubbed with 0000 steel wool. Probably it’s better to start with the 000 steel wool, stain, then wipe on a top coat with a satin clear varnish or gloss varnish depending on what it was originally stained with. It likely won’t be perfect and you may have to varnish over the entire surface if you want a really good job. The mayo thing did nothing for my water stain on a very dark finish.",
"please help i have an oak table and my daughter decided to iron her top on the table. i have an white mark on my beautiful table!",
"Many years ago an excellent old cleaning lady told me to use mayonnaise plus a little cigarette ash to remove white rings. The ash is a mild abrasive. It works well. She also said Lysol would work but I haven’t tried it. So collect the ash from friends who are asked to kindly smoke outdoors and give it a try!",
"Just panicked because a slightly warm box created a huge white mark on my wood table. Baking soda with a damp cloth worked like a charm.",
"I have a wooden table that I polished it then wiped and left it Ito dry then I put vinyl cloth to protect it from my kids to my surprise the next day I found marks on the table from the vinyl table cloth, it seems that there was some moisture from the polish. What do you think I should use?",
"I used it on white rings left by hot cups and bowls and it worked great! You can’t even tell there was anything there! Thank you!!!"
]
},
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Wood Furniture | Repair Stains, Dents & Rings\n\n## Wondering how to remove white rings from wood furniture? Water marks?\nDented tabletops? Follow these old-time hints to make your furniture look like\nnew.\n\nThe Editors of Yankee Magazine • November 30, 2016 • Read Comments (8)\n\n3.68 avg. rating (73% score) - 37 votes\n\nRemove white rings from wood furniture, pesky water marks, stains on leather,\nand improve the look of a dented tabletop with these expert old-time hints.\n\nRemove White Rings from Wood Furniture | Repair Stains, Dents & Rings\n\n### Remove White Rings from Wood Furniture\n\n * It’s inevitable. Someone carelessly set a glass on a table in your living room, and the moisture has left a white ring in the wood finish. What doesn’t have to be inevitable is a time-consuming trip to the hardware store for a commercial concoction to repair the damage. Instead, remove white rings from wood furniture with a common household condiment. Moisten a paper towel with mayonnaise and rub it into the spot until the white ring disappears. Then wipe with a clean paper towel to blot up any excess oil.\n * You can also dip a piece of extra-fine-grade steel wool in mineral oil to remove water stains from wood. Rub the steel wool back and forth over the stain-always rubbing with the grain of the wood-to distribute the oil liberally. By doing this, you will actually remove the finish in the area that has whitened. The soft abrasion of the steel wool will polish the revealed surface while removing the spot, concealing the fact that the area is now unfinished. You may want to follow up by applying a paste wax and buffing the spot where the white ring or water stain was.\n * If a white ring is small and does not appear too deep in the wood finish, use your finger to gently rub a little toothpaste into it, then wipe the area clean. (Don’t use the gel type; you need the abrasive effect of the toothpaste.)\n * Another way to remove white rings from wood furniture is to apply baking soda to them with a damp cloth, then wipe off the soda.\n\n### Remove Water Marks from Oak Furniture\n\n * Paint remover and a bleach solution can do a good job of taking out the dark, gray-black stains that appear on oak furniture as a result of either direct exposure to water or prolonged exposure to water vapor (such as from a humidifier). First apply paint remover to lift off the finish. Then mix up a solution of equal parts household (5 percent) bleach and water. Apply the solution to the stain with a brush (if the stain is large) or a clean rag (if the stain is small). Use the bleach solution on the stained area only, being careful not to let it bleed onto the good wood.\n\n## Be a Do-It-Yourselfer!\n\nDownload our FREE Gift, Favorite Home Hints from the Editors of Yankee\nMagazine\n\n### Remove Stains from Leather\n\n * You’ve already spent a small fortune on that leather chair, so the last thing you want to do is pay dearly to have it cleaned. Lucky for you, there’s a shamelessly simple tool you can use to make minor spills and stains on leather upholstery disappear: an art gum eraser. (If you don’t have one, you can buy one anywhere stationery supplies are sold.) Just give smudges and stains a rub with the eraser, and they should vanish.\n\n### Remove Dents from Tabletop\n\n * You dropped a heavy object on a wooden tabletop, and it left a dent. You can fix it immediately by pouring a little water on the dent. The water will swell the wood fibers, which will make the dent less noticeable.\n * For a permanent fix, use an iron to remove the dent. Dampen a cotton towel and lay it on top of the dent. Then place a warm iron set to medium heat on top of the towel. Don’t allow the iron to touch the wood directly. The combination of heat and steam will act to pull up the dent. Apply the iron for only a few minutes at a time, as the moist heat will affect the undamaged wood as well. Let the surface of the wood cool between treatments and repeat as needed until the dent disappears.\n\nDo you have any tips for how to remove white rings from wood, stains from\nleather, or repair a dented tabletop? Let us know!\n\n#### SEE MORE: Remove Candle Wax from Fabric How to Get Scratches Out Of Wood\n| Practical DIY Advice How to Clean and Repair Wood Floors | DIY Advice How To\nClean China | Polishing and Coffee Stain Removal Tips\n\nThis post was first published in 2011 and has been updated.\n\n## Be a Do-It-Yourselfer!\n\nDownload our FREE Gift, Favorite Home Hints from the Editors of Yankee\nMagazine\n\n### Tags\n\ncandle, chair, clean china, coffee stain removal, furniture, furniture paint,\nfurniture repair, how to clean, how to remove white rings from wood, remove\ncandle wax, remove candle wax from fabric, white rings on furniture, wood\nfinish, wood floors, wood furniture.\n\nComments\n\n * Doc May 31, 2016\n\n0000 steel wool followed by matching stain may be good idea if you have a\ngloss finish. However if it’s a more satin finish I would suggest 000 steel\nwool or you’ll get a polished finish spot that will stand out against the\nsatin overall finish. The steel wool will remove the top varnish/lacquer coat\nand possibly some of the stain. The new stain will not take to the spot very\nwell if it was rubbed with 0000 steel wool. Probably it’s better to start with\nthe 000 steel wool, stain, then wipe on a top coat with a satin clear varnish\nor gloss varnish depending on what it was originally stained with. It likely\nwon’t be perfect and you may have to varnish over the entire surface if you\nwant a really good job. The mayo thing did nothing for my water stain on a\nvery dark finish.\n\nReply\n\n * jackie May 12, 2016\n\nplease help i have an oak table and my daughter decided to iron her top on the\ntable. i have an white mark on my beautiful table!\n\nReply\n\n * Janet March 26, 2016\n\nThanks for the tips I will give them a try\n\nReply\n\n * Tana April 29, 2015\n\nMany years ago an excellent old cleaning lady told me to use mayonnaise plus a\nlittle cigarette ash to remove white rings. The ash is a mild abrasive. It\nworks well. She also said Lysol would work but I haven’t tried it. So collect\nthe ash from friends who are asked to kindly smoke outdoors and give it a try!\n\nReply\n\n * Manda December 23, 2014\n\nJust panicked because a slightly warm box created a huge white mark on my wood\ntable. Baking soda with a damp cloth worked like a charm.\n\nReply\n\n * Nahla June 4, 2014\n\nI have a wooden table that I polished it then wiped and left it Ito dry then I\nput vinyl cloth to protect it from my kids to my surprise the next day I found\nmarks on the table from the vinyl table cloth, it seems that there was some\nmoisture from the polish. What do you think I should use?\n\nReply\n\n * Shelly April 14, 2014\n\nMayonnaise, who knew!?\n\nI used it on white rings left by hot cups and bowls and it worked great! You\ncan’t even tell there was anything there! Thank you!!!\n\nReply\n\n * Rosemary April 9, 2014\n\nIt worked great using the baking soda. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-remove-varnish/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191204115225/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-remove-varnish/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To: Remove Varnish and Other Wood Finishes",
"passages": [
"Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice",
"Varnish, lacquer, shellac and other clear coats are applied to protect wood furniture and flooring from scratches, scuff marks, and stains. Applied properly, these products do their job well—but what if you want to re-expose the wood grain for refinishing, repair, or restoration?",
"Then your first order of business will be removing the wood’s existing finish. There are many different clear-coat finishes, and if you don’t know the origins of your piece, it can be extremely difficult to distinguish between finish types.",
"Though labor-intensive, sandpaper is capable of removing nearly any wood finish. It can be used to refinish hardwood floors, or it can be used to remove varnish from much smaller surfaces—a tabletop, for example. Tackle flat surfaces with a power tool like the random orbit sander; for irregular areas, use handheld paper or a sanding block. If you’re removing the finish from a piece of furniture that you plan to paint, sanding is the only necessary step: Begin with 150-grit paper to rough up the surface and finish with 220-grit, being sure to remove any dust with tack cloth or a lightly dampened rag.",
"Shellac and lacquer are alcohol-based finishes, which can be removed with a variety of solvents that are available from your neighborhood hardware store. Shellac can be removed with denatured alcohol. If alcohol doesn’t work, try lacquer thinner. If your piece was manufactured by a quality furniture maker after 1930, a thinning product is the best place to start, since your furniture is likely finished with shellac or lacquer. Apply the solvent with a rag to loosen the shellac/lacquer from the wood surface, then lightly scrape the residual finish with a plastic putty knife.",
"Chemical paint-or-varnish strippers are very effective and won’t harm wood. But take caution: Historically, these products have contained the active ingredient methylene chloride, a harsh, caustic chemical that can do serious damage to your eyes, respiratory system, and skin (not to mention the environment).",
"Strippers have improved over the years and today, safe-to-use products are readily available in hardware stores, home centers, and online. If you’re able to work with the appropriate safety gear in a very well-ventilated area—and environmental friendliness isn’t a priority—such products make quick work of removing finishes.",
"I prefer a water-based product by 3M called Safest Stripper, which enables me—an allergy sufferer with environmental concerns—to work safely in my windowless basement.",
"Upon application, the paste-like stripper stays wet for an extended period of time, making it possible to remove multiple layers if necessary. Use fine steel wool (#0000) rubbed in the direction of the wood grain to remove any residue.",
"Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Remove Varnish and Other Wood Finishes - Bob Vila\n\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\n\nNewsletters\n\nFind a Pro\n\nBob Vila Academy\n\n * How-To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch TV\n * Enter to Win a New Dining Room!\n\n * Painting\n\n# How To: Remove Varnish and Other Wood Finishes\n\nBy Chris Gardner and Bob Vila\n\nVarnish, lacquer, shellac and other clear coats are applied to protect wood\nfurniture and flooring from scratches, scuff marks, and stains. Applied\nproperly, these products do their job well—but what if you want to re-expose\nthe wood grain for refinishing, repair, or restoration?\n\nThen your first order of business will be removing the wood’s existing finish.\nThere are many different clear-coat finishes, and if you don’t know the\norigins of your piece, it can be extremely difficult to distinguish between\nfinish types.\n\nBasically, there are three ways to de-varnish wood when you aren’t sure what\ntype of finish you’re dealing with.\n\n## Your Options\n\n 1. Sanding\n 2. Solvents\n 3. Chemical strippers\n\nRead on for full details on each of these three approaches below....\n\n### Remove varnish by sanding\n\nGood for paint, acrylic, varnish, lacquer, shellac\n\nPhoto: portercable.com\n\n##### Advertisement\n\nThough labor-intensive, sandpaper is capable of removing nearly any wood\nfinish. It can be used to refinish hardwood floors, or it can be used to\nremove varnish from much smaller surfaces—a tabletop, for example. Tackle flat\nsurfaces with a power tool like the random orbit sander; for irregular areas,\nuse handheld paper or a sanding block. If you’re removing the finish from a\npiece of furniture that you plan to paint, sanding is the only necessary step:\nBegin with 150-grit paper to rough up the surface and finish with 220-grit,\nbeing sure to remove any dust with tack cloth or a lightly dampened rag.\n\n### Removing varnish with solvents\n\nGood for shellac and lacquer\n\nPhoto: rockler.com\n\nShellac and lacquer are alcohol-based finishes, which can be removed with a\nvariety of solvents that are available from your neighborhood hardware store.\nShellac can be removed with denatured alcohol. If alcohol doesn’t work, try\nlacquer thinner. If your piece was manufactured by a quality furniture maker\nafter 1930, a thinning product is the best place to start, since your\nfurniture is likely finished with shellac or lacquer. Apply the solvent with a\nrag to loosen the shellac/lacquer from the wood surface, then lightly scrape\nthe residual finish with a plastic putty knife.\n\n### Remove varnish with chemical strippers\n\nGood for polyurethane (acrylic), varnish, and paint\n\nPhoto: shearerpainting.com\n\nChemical paint-or-varnish strippers are very effective and won’t harm wood.\nBut take caution: Historically, these products have contained the active\ningredient methylene chloride, a harsh, caustic chemical that can do serious\ndamage to your eyes, respiratory system, and skin (not to mention the\nenvironment).\n\nStrippers have improved over the years and today, safe-to-use products are\nreadily available in hardware stores, home centers, and online. If you’re able\nto work with the appropriate safety gear in a very well-ventilated area—and\nenvironmental friendliness isn’t a priority—such products make quick work of\nremoving finishes.\n\nI prefer a water-based product by 3M called Safest Stripper, which enables\nme—an allergy sufferer with environmental concerns—to work safely in my\nwindowless basement.\n\nUpon application, the paste-like stripper stays wet for an extended period of\ntime, making it possible to remove multiple layers if necessary. Use fine\nsteel wool (#0000) rubbed in the direction of the wood grain to remove any\nresidue.\n\n##### Advertisement\n\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nTAGS:\n\nHOW TO\n\nFINISHES\n\nPAINT\n\nMAINTENANCE\n\nMore From Bob Vila\n\n11 Problems You Can Solve with Paint\n\nPaint and Finishing Brushes\n\n##### Advertisement\n\nThe Most Popular Paint Colors in America\n\nHow To: Remove Paint from EVERYTHING\n\n7 Good Reasons to Fire Your Real Estate Agent (And How to Do It)\n\n7 Car Sounds You Should Never Ignore\n\n7 Reasons to Be a No-Shoes House\n\n#### Explore\n\n * How To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch Bob Vila TV\n * Shop\n * Mobile\n\n#### Connect\n\n * Bob Vila - Flipboard\n * Bob Vila on Facebook\n * Bob Vila on Twitter\n * Bob Vila on Pinterest\n * Subscribe\n\n##### Bob Vila's Toolbox app\n\n#### Bob Vila Academy\n\n##### Make Things. We'll Help.\n\nEnroll now and learn DIY basics from the next generation of home improvement\nexperts\n\n#### Contact / Info\n\n * About Bob\n * Advertise with Us\n * Press Info\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\nCopyright © 2019 Vila Media, LLC. All rights reserved\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-remove-water-stains-from-wood/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200107042029/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-remove-water-stains-from-wood/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To: Remove Water Stains from Wood",
"passages": [
"Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice",
"Wood furniture is beautiful, but it’s not impervious to the wear and tear of everyday life. To retain their looks, new and antique wood tables and chairs must be properly maintained. It’s for good reason that your parents sternly insisted that you use coasters: Water and wood are indeed natural enemies.",
"Water stains show up as white or light-colored rings or clouds. The light color is a sign that the moisture hasn’t reached the actual wood; rather, it’s trapped within the wood’s finish. (It’s when the stain is black or dark- colored that you have a real problem and should either refinish the piece yourself or consult a pro.)",
"If the damage has already been done, and you now have to figure out how to remove water stains from wood, don’t be discouraged. Many have been there before you and successfully eliminated—or at least made significantly less visible—the unsightly marks that moisture can leave in its wake. What follows are details on the three approaches that we and others have found to be the most effective. You may need to work through a bit of trial and error before discovering the trick that works in your case. Be patient, and good luck!",
"As with most stains, it helps to act quickly. If the water stain has been there for only a few days, use the heat in this method to evaporate all traces of moisture.",
"Empty your clothes iron of all the water inside, then bring it into the room with the affected piece of furniture.",
"With the iron set on its lowest setting, apply it briefly to the fabric before lifting the cloth to see if the water ring has diminished.",
"Alternatively, you can try using a hairdryer to achieve the same effect. Move the dryer back and forth over the area for about 10 minutes until the moisture evaporates.",
"Assuming Method 1 gets no results, it’s worthwhile to experiment with what may at first sound like an odd thing to put on furniture: mayonnaise. The oil in the mayonnaise should seep into the finish, displacing the lodged moisture.",
"Dab a bit of mayonnaise onto a rag, then gently apply it directly to the water-stained area. (Start with the least conspicuous damage as a test before addressing an entire tabletop this way.)",
"Let the mayonnaise sit on the water ring for at least a few hours or as long as overnight, reapplying if the initial coating dries out. If there’s no mayonnaise in your fridge, petroleum jelly may be used as a substitute problem-solver.",
"If you’re seeing some results but wish the remedy packed a little extra punch, consider adding a dash of cigarette or fireplace ashes to the mayonnaise. The penetrating power of oil works best when combined with the abrasiveness of ashes.",
"Note: If the water stain on the wood surface is several weeks or months old, there may not be moisture left to displace. Proceed to the next method for one more potential DIY fix.",
"If the above methods have gotten you nowhere, walk to your bathroom, reach into the medicine cabinet, and pull out a tube of toothpaste—but not just any toothpaste. You’ll need the white, non-gel variety.",
"Scrub lightly for less than a minute. You shouldn’t need to scrub hard or for very long to see results.",
"To avoid causing any further damage to the furniture in question, it’s best to concentrate your efforts only on the affected portions, because the toothpaste can wear away the finish.",
"Even if the water stains on the wood surface aren’t completely gone, these methods may have at least lightened them enough to be less noticeable. The ace up your sleeve is that, if all else fails, you can always sand the furniture down to bare wood and refinish it. (If you’re dealing with a prized piece, you may want to consult a pro.) Then, keep coasts handy to prevent similar damage in the future.",
"Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Remove Water Stains from Wood | Bob Vila\n\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\n\nAbout Bob\n\nNewsletters\n\n * How-To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch TV\n * Enter to Win Snow Blower+Lawn Tractor\n\n * How To's & Quick Tips\n\n# How To: Remove Water Stains from Wood\n\n## Those white, cloudy rings on your wood furniture don't have to stay there\nforever. Try one of these methods for removing—or at least minimizing—water\nstains on wood.\n\nBy Bob Vila\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\nWood furniture is beautiful, but it’s not impervious to the wear and tear of\neveryday life. To retain their looks, new and antique wood tables and chairs\nmust be properly maintained. It’s for good reason that your parents sternly\ninsisted that you use coasters: Water and wood are indeed natural enemies.\n\nWater stains show up as white or light-colored rings or clouds. The light\ncolor is a sign that the moisture hasn’t reached the actual wood; rather, it’s\ntrapped within the wood’s finish. (It’s when the stain is black or dark-\ncolored that you have a real problem and should either refinish the piece\nyourself or consult a pro.)\n\nIf the damage has already been done, and you now have to figure out how to\nremove water stains from wood, don’t be discouraged. Many have been there\nbefore you and successfully eliminated—or at least made significantly less\nvisible—the unsightly marks that moisture can leave in its wake. What follows\nare details on the three approaches that we and others have found to be the\nmost effective. You may need to work through a bit of trial and error before\ndiscovering the trick that works in your case. Be patient, and good luck!\n\nMATERIALS AND TOOLS Available on Amazon – Clothes iron – Cotton cloth –\nHairdryer – Mayonnaise – Fireplace ash – Petroleum jelly – White toothpaste\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\n##### Advertisement\n\n## METHOD 1: Iron water stains out of wood tables.\n\nAs with most stains, it helps to act quickly. If the water stain has been\nthere for only a few days, use the heat in this method to evaporate all traces\nof moisture.\n\n 1. Empty your clothes iron of all the water inside, then bring it into the room with the affected piece of furniture.\n 2. Plug in the iron, then lay a cotton napkin, towel, or T-shirt over the stain.\n 3. With the iron set on its lowest setting, apply it briefly to the fabric before lifting the cloth to see if the water ring has diminished.\n 4. Repeat until (we hope) the white water stain has disappeared.\n\nAlternatively, you can try using a hairdryer to achieve the same effect. Move\nthe dryer back and forth over the area for about 10 minutes until the moisture\nevaporates.\n\nRELATED: 20 Crazy Cleaning Tips That Actually Work\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\n## METHOD 2: Use mayonnaise to remove water stains from wood.\n\nAssuming Method 1 gets no results, it’s worthwhile to experiment with what may\nat first sound like an odd thing to put on furniture: mayonnaise. The oil in\nthe mayonnaise should seep into the finish, displacing the lodged moisture.\n\n 1. Dab a bit of mayonnaise onto a rag, then gently apply it directly to the water-stained area. (Start with the least conspicuous damage as a test before addressing an entire tabletop this way.)\n 2. Let the mayonnaise sit on the water ring for at least a few hours or as long as overnight, reapplying if the initial coating dries out. If there’s no mayonnaise in your fridge, petroleum jelly may be used as a substitute problem-solver.\n 3. Wipe away with a clean cloth.\n\nIf you’re seeing some results but wish the remedy packed a little extra punch,\nconsider adding a dash of cigarette or fireplace ashes to the mayonnaise. The\npenetrating power of oil works best when combined with the abrasiveness of\nashes.\n\nNote: If the water stain on the wood surface is several weeks or months old,\nthere may not be moisture left to displace. Proceed to the next method for one\nmore potential DIY fix.\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\n## METHOD 3: Scrub away water rings with white toothpaste.\n\nIf the above methods have gotten you nowhere, walk to your bathroom, reach\ninto the medicine cabinet, and pull out a tube of toothpaste—but not just any\ntoothpaste. You’ll need the white, non-gel variety.\n\n 1. Squeeze white toothpaste onto a rag.\n 2. Massage the toothpaste onto the water stain, starting in the most inconspicuous spot available.\n 3. Scrub lightly for less than a minute. You shouldn’t need to scrub hard or for very long to see results.\n\nTo avoid causing any further damage to the furniture in question, it’s best to\nconcentrate your efforts only on the affected portions, because the toothpaste\ncan wear away the finish.\n\nEven if the water stains on the wood surface aren’t completely gone, these\nmethods may have at least lightened them enough to be less noticeable. The ace\nup your sleeve is that, if all else fails, you can always sand the furniture\ndown to bare wood and refinish it. (If you’re dealing with a prized piece, you\nmay want to consult a pro.) Then, keep coasts handy to prevent similar damage\nin the future.\n\n##### Advertisement\n\n##### Advertisement\n\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nTAGS:\n\nFURNITURE\n\nWOOD\n\nHOW TO\n\nREPAIR\n\nMAINTENANCE\n\nMore From Bob Vila\n\n13 Hacks Every Car Owner Should Know\n\nHow To: Remove Candle Wax from Any Surface\n\n##### Advertisement\n\nHow To: Clean a Fireplace\n\nHow To: Clean Brick\n\nHow To: Clean a Stone Fireplace\n\nHow To: Stain a Fence\n\nHow To: Clean Upholstery\n\n#### Explore\n\n * How To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch Bob Vila TV\n * Shop\n * Mobile\n\n#### Connect\n\n * Bob Vila - Flipboard\n * Bob Vila on Facebook\n * Bob Vila on Twitter\n * Bob Vila on Pinterest\n * Subscribe\n\n##### Bob Vila's Toolbox app\n\n#### Bob Vila Academy\n\n##### Make Things. We'll Help.\n\nEnroll now and learn DIY basics from the next generation of home improvement\nexperts\n\n#### Contact / Info\n\n * About Bob\n * Advertise with Us\n * Press Info\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\nCopyright © 2020 Vila Media, LLC. All rights reserved\n\n"
}
] |
1,517,690 | How To Test an Ignition Coil | To test an ignition coil, turn the vehicle off and open the hood. Put on a pair of insulated gloves and remove one spark plug wire from its plug. Then, use a spark plug socket to remove the spark plug, and carefully attach the spark plug wire back in the spark plug, but don't put the spark plug back in its socket. Touch the threads of the spark plug to any exposed metal in the engine, and remove the fuel pump relay or fuse to prevent the engine from flooding. Finally, have someone turn on the engine to see if the plug gives off blue sparks, meaning the coil is working. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210126101433/http://www.freeengineinfo.com/how-to-test-an-ignition-coil.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200730171409/http://www.clarks-garage.com/shop-manual/ign-04.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180702030255/http://www.autos.com:80/car-maintenance/how-to-test-an-ignition-coil"
] | train | 820 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.freeengineinfo.com/how-to-test-an-ignition-coil.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210126101433/http://www.freeengineinfo.com/how-to-test-an-ignition-coil.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to test an ignition coil",
"passages": [
"A standard car’s distributor ignition coil can be tested by checking the ohms reading. Ohms can be read on a volt/ohms meter. Ohms is a unit of measure for the resistance that a wire or coil has. Ignition coils should be measured on the primary coil between batt and tach terminals. The batt is the coil ground. To check the secondary coil, check the ohms between the batt terminal and where the coil output wire plugs into. If the ohms read zero the coil connection is broken and the coil is no good. An open coil reading zero is the usual culprit of coils. Don’t test through the output wire though. The primary coil should read between .7 ohms and 1.7 ohms, if outside this range replace it. The secondary coil should generally read between 7.5K ohms and 10.5K ohms. If the ohms are not within the specified range for that paticular car, replace the coil. Coil resistance will also change and vary if the coil is hot or cold. This a generalized ohms range that fits most distributor coils. Another thing to remember is that sometimes a coil will only read bad after it gets hot. It may work intermittently after it gets hot also. Coil packs will generally read around .3 to 1.5 ohms on the primary side and 12.5K to 13.5K ohms on the secondary side. These figures will get you reasonably close to where the coil’s ohms need to be to work properly.",
"2 air auto automatic bad belt boat car cheap clutch coil cycle engine exhaust fuel gas idle ignition jet mazda miata motor mustang performance problem pump pwc racing replace rotary sensor ski slipping small start stroke surging thermostat timing transmission troubleshooting turbo two valve water"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to test an ignition coil\n\n## How to test an ignition coil\n\nCategory: Auto Tuning —\n\nA standard car’s distributor ignition coil can be tested by checking the ohms\nreading. Ohms can be read on a volt/ohms meter. Ohms is a unit of measure for\nthe resistance that a wire or coil has. Ignition coils should be measured on\nthe primary coil between batt and tach terminals. The batt is the coil ground.\nTo check the secondary coil, check the ohms between the batt terminal and\nwhere the coil output wire plugs into. If the ohms read zero the coil\nconnection is broken and the coil is no good. An open coil reading zero is the\nusual culprit of coils. Don’t test through the output wire though. The primary\ncoil should read between .7 ohms and 1.7 ohms, if outside this range replace\nit. The secondary coil should generally read between 7.5K ohms and 10.5K ohms.\nIf the ohms are not within the specified range for that paticular car, replace\nthe coil. Coil resistance will also change and vary if the coil is hot or\ncold. This a generalized ohms range that fits most distributor coils. Another\nthing to remember is that sometimes a coil will only read bad after it gets\nhot. It may work intermittently after it gets hot also. Coil packs will\ngenerally read around .3 to 1.5 ohms on the primary side and 12.5K to 13.5K\nohms on the secondary side. These figures will get you reasonably close to\nwhere the coil’s ohms need to be to work properly.\n\n * Free Engine Info\n\n * ## Categories\n\n * Auto Tuning\n * Boat Motor\n * Cool Cars\n * Diesel Engine\n * Four Wheeler\n * Hybrid Auto\n * Jet Ski\n * Motorcycle Repair\n * Racing Street Videos\n * Rotary Engine\n * Small Engine Repair\n * Snowmobile Engine\n * Transmission Repair\n * Turbines\n * Uncategorized\n * ## Pages\n\n * author\n * disclaimer\n * sitemap\n * ## Tags\n\n2 air auto automatic bad belt boat car cheap clutch coil cycle engine exhaust\nfuel gas idle ignition jet mazda miata motor mustang performance problem pump\npwc racing replace rotary sensor ski slipping small start stroke surging\nthermostat timing transmission troubleshooting turbo two valve water\n\n * ## Meta\n\n * Log in\n * Entries RSS\n * Comments RSS\n * WordPress.org\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.clarks-garage.com/shop-manual/ign-04.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200730171409/http://www.clarks-garage.com/shop-manual/ign-04.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Ignition System Troubleshooting",
"passages": [
"If you've come to this procedure, you probably suspect that you have a no spark condition. If so, you should have already verified that you actually have a no spark condition by performing the initial \"no spark\" test described in TS-01, Troubleshooting - Engine Will Not Start.",
"There are many different ways to go about testing for a no spark condition. The only problem in determining the ultimate cause of a no spark condition is that if the condition is caused by a problem with the DME computer, there's really no way to conclusively test the DME. The same is true with a no fuel condition. So, what we have to do is determine, as best we can, whether the DME is getting power and whether it's getting all of the correct input signals it requires to run the engine. If we get all of the proper inputs and the DME is still not providing the desired output (i.e. spark from the ignition coil or running the fuel pump), we make the assumption that the DME computer is bad and we replace it.",
"One of the best ways to test the DME computer is to swap it for a known good DME computer. However, most of us don't have the luxury of keeping a spare DME computer on hand. However, if you suspect that starting or running problem may be due to a bad DME computer, try to borrow a computer to test your car before running out and buying a DME.",
"Grasp the distributor cap and attempt to move it back and forth. If it moves easily, the retaining screws are not properly engaged or the distributor cap gasket is compressed and needs to be replaced.",
"1. Cracks\n2. Carbon tracking\n3. Moisture buildup on inside of cap\n4. Debris\n5. Worn rotor button\n6. Pitted, worn, or charred terminals\nInspect the rotor for charring or pitting and replace if necessary.",
"Check the rotor retaining screw is in place. These screws have a tendency to fall out causing the rotor to become misaligned.",
"Ensure the dust cover is securely in place behind the rotor. This dust cover is important because it keeps debris from the belt housing area from getting into the distributor cap and causing poor or non-existent spark.",
"Tap the other end of the ignition coil ground wire jumper on an good grounding point (for example the battery negative terminal) and look for sparks at the spark plug that correspond to the frequency of your tapping of the ground wire.",
"If you don't get a good spark, check for approximately 12 VDC from the coil positive terminal (black wire) to ground with the ignition switch in the ON position. You should also get approximately 12 VDC from the coil negative terminal (Green wire) to ground",
"In addition to the test above, you may elect to perform an ignition coil resistance check as confirmation of the coil's condition.",
"Check the ignition coil primary coil resistance by connecting an ohmmeter between the positive (Black wire) and negative (Green wire) terminals on the coil. The resistance should be 0.4 to 0.6 ohms.",
"Check the ignition coil secondary coil resistance by connecting an ohmmeter between the coil output terminal and the ignition coil negative terminal. The resistance should be 5000 to 7200 ohms."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Ignition System Troubleshooting\n\nIGN-04, Ignition System Troubleshooting \n \n--- \n \nAcrobat Printable Version\n\nIntroduction\n\nIf you've come to this procedure, you probably suspect that you have a no\nspark condition. If so, you should have already verified that you actually\nhave a no spark condition by performing the initial \"no spark\" test described\nin TS-01, Troubleshooting - Engine Will Not Start.\n\nThere are many different ways to go about testing for a no spark condition.\nThe only problem in determining the ultimate cause of a no spark condition is\nthat if the condition is caused by a problem with the DME computer, there's\nreally no way to conclusively test the DME. The same is true with a no fuel\ncondition. So, what we have to do is determine, as best we can, whether the\nDME is getting power and whether it's getting all of the correct input signals\nit requires to run the engine. If we get all of the proper inputs and the DME\nis still not providing the desired output (i.e. spark from the ignition coil\nor running the fuel pump), we make the assumption that the DME computer is bad\nand we replace it.\n\nOne of the best ways to test the DME computer is to swap it for a known good\nDME computer. However, most of us don't have the luxury of keeping a spare DME\ncomputer on hand. However, if you suspect that starting or running problem may\nbe due to a bad DME computer, try to borrow a computer to test your car before\nrunning out and buying a DME.\n\nTools\n\n * Mulitmeter\n * Test lead jumpers\n\nNo Spark Condition \n--- \nPossible Cause| Comments \nBad Distributor Cap / Rotor|\n\nInspect distributor cap and rotor per procedure below. \n \nBad Ignition Coil|\n\nCheck coil using Ignition Coil Test procedure below. \n \nBad Engine Cranking / Running Signal to DME|\n\nCheck engine cranking / running signals using FUEL-16. \n \nFaulty DME computer|\n\nCheck DME computer using FUEL-16. \n \nDistributor Cap and Rotor Inspection\n\n 1. Grasp the distributor cap and attempt to move it back and forth. If it moves easily, the retaining screws are not properly engaged or the distributor cap gasket is compressed and needs to be replaced.\n 2. Using IGN-01, remove the distributor cap.\n 3. Inspect the distributor cap for the following and replace as necessary:\n\n 1. Cracks\n 2. Carbon tracking\n 3. Moisture buildup on inside of cap\n 4. Debris\n 5. Worn rotor button\n 6. Pitted, worn, or charred terminals\n 4. Inspect the rotor for charring or pitting and replace if necessary.\n 5. Check the rotor retaining screw is in place. These screws have a tendency to fall out causing the rotor to become misaligned.\n 6. Ensure the dust cover is securely in place behind the rotor. This dust cover is important because it keeps debris from the belt housing area from getting into the distributor cap and causing poor or non-existent spark.\n\nIgnition Coil Test\n\n 1. Disconnect the ignition coil output wire at the distributor cap.\n 2. Connect a spark plug to the end of the ignition coil output wire which you just disconnected.\n 3. Connect a ground wire to the threaded portion of the spark plug.\n 4. Disconnect the ignition coil ground wire from the negative terminal on the coil (Green Wire).\n 5. Connect one end of a ground wire to the ignition coil negative terminal.\n 6. Turn the ignition switch to the ON position.\n 7. Tap the other end of the ignition coil ground wire jumper on an good grounding point (for example the battery negative terminal) and look for sparks at the spark plug that correspond to the frequency of your tapping of the ground wire.\n 8. If you have a good spark at the spark plug, the ignition coil is good.\n 9. If you don't get a good spark, check for approximately 12 VDC from the coil positive terminal (black wire) to ground with the ignition switch in the ON position. You should also get approximately 12 VDC from the coil negative terminal (Green wire) to ground\n\nIgnition Coil Resistance Check\n\nIn addition to the test above, you may elect to perform an ignition coil\nresistance check as confirmation of the coil's condition.\n\n 1. Check the ignition coil primary coil resistance by connecting an ohmmeter between the positive (Black wire) and negative (Green wire) terminals on the coil. The resistance should be 0.4 to 0.6 ohms.\n 2. Check the ignition coil secondary coil resistance by connecting an ohmmeter between the coil output terminal and the ignition coil negative terminal. The resistance should be 5000 to 7200 ohms.\n\nClark's Garage © 1998\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.autos.com:80/car-maintenance/how-to-test-an-ignition-coil",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180702030255/http://www.autos.com:80/car-maintenance/how-to-test-an-ignition-coil",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Test an Ignition Coil",
"passages": [
"You will need to test the ignition coil if your vehicle does not start, misses frequently or stalls after warming up. In all these cases, the ignition coil either grounds itself or the internal windings become less effective due to age. There are two coils of wire, termed windings, within an ignition coil. One of these is positioned on top of the other. The primary winding receives voltage from the battery to create a spark, while the second winding transfers the spark to the distributer. Either winding can cause your ignition coil to fail and you will need to conduct ignition coil testing.",
"Remove one of the spark plug wires and then use a socket to remove the spark plug from its position.",
"Return the spark plug wire to the spark plug, which you need to hold with insulated pliers. Now touch the threaded portion of your spark plug to any exposed area of metal in the engine.",
"Ask an assistant to start the engine. Check to see if a bright blue spark jumps across the spark plug gap. Should this be the case, then your coil is functioning correctly.",
"Consult the service manual for the resistance specifications of your coil while using a multimeter/ohmmeter. This test is appropriate for almost all types of vehicles.",
"Disconnect the negative (black) cable from the battery. Locate the coil by following the wire from the spark plugs to the distributor. Continue to follow the wire that emerges from the distributor cap, as this connects to the coil. In the case of an engine that does not have a distributor, the spark plugs will connect directly with the coil.",
"Unplug the wiring from either the distributor or the spark plugs. Disconnect the electrical connector from the coil. In the case of a traditional round coil, position the leads of a multimeter on the outside poles of the primary coil. In the case of an enclosed unit, position the leads of the multimeter on the indicated poles. Check the readings you receive against those given in the service manual. This coil should give a reading of between .7 ohms and 1.7 ohms. Even small variations will dictate that the coil needs to be replaced. Should the primary coil be in order, continue to test the second winding.",
"Attach your test probes to the outer 12 V pole and to the center pole and once again check the reading that you receive against that in the service manual, which will between 7.5K ohms and 10.5K ohms. As in the case of the primary coil, even a small discrepancy will mean that the coil requires replacing. The coil resistance will vary depending on whether it is cold or hot, and the readings indicate a range appropriate to most vehicles."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Test an Ignition Coil - Autos.com\n\n * Compact Cars\n * Mid-Size Cars\n * Sporty Cars\n * Search by Model\n * Search by Class\n\nHome » Car Maintenance » How to Test an Ignition Coil\n\n * # How to Test an Ignition Coil\n\n * Posted on Autos.com Editor\n * in Car Maintenance\n * on October 7, 2013\n\nYou will need to test the ignition coil if your vehicle does not start, misses\nfrequently or stalls after warming up. In all these cases, the ignition coil\neither grounds itself or the internal windings become less effective due to\nage. There are two coils of wire, termed windings, within an ignition coil.\nOne of these is positioned on top of the other. The primary winding receives\nvoltage from the battery to create a spark, while the second winding transfers\nthe spark to the distributer. Either winding can cause your ignition coil to\nfail and you will need to conduct ignition coil testing.\n\n#### Tools Required:\n\n * Spark plug socket\n * Insulated pliers\n * Multimeter/Ohmmeter\n\n#### Step 1. Remove Spark Plug\n\nRemove one of the spark plug wires and then use a socket to remove the spark\nplug from its position.\n\n#### Step 2. Touch Threaded Portion\n\nReturn the spark plug wire to the spark plug, which you need to hold with\ninsulated pliers. Now touch the threaded portion of your spark plug to any\nexposed area of metal in the engine.\n\n#### Step 3. Check for Blue Spark\n\nAsk an assistant to start the engine. Check to see if a bright blue spark\njumps across the spark plug gap. Should this be the case, then your coil is\nfunctioning correctly.\n\n#### Step 4. Check for Resistance\n\nConsult the service manual for the resistance specifications of your coil\nwhile using a multimeter/ohmmeter. This test is appropriate for almost all\ntypes of vehicles.\n\n#### Step 5. Locate Coil\n\nDisconnect the negative (black) cable from the battery. Locate the coil by\nfollowing the wire from the spark plugs to the distributor. Continue to follow\nthe wire that emerges from the distributor cap, as this connects to the coil.\nIn the case of an engine that does not have a distributor, the spark plugs\nwill connect directly with the coil.\n\n#### Step 6. Disconnect the Electrical Connector\n\nUnplug the wiring from either the distributor or the spark plugs. Disconnect\nthe electrical connector from the coil. In the case of a traditional round\ncoil, position the leads of a multimeter on the outside poles of the primary\ncoil. In the case of an enclosed unit, position the leads of the multimeter on\nthe indicated poles. Check the readings you receive against those given in the\nservice manual. This coil should give a reading of between .7 ohms and 1.7\nohms. Even small variations will dictate that the coil needs to be replaced.\nShould the primary coil be in order, continue to test the second winding.\n\n#### Step 7. Check Reading\n\nAttach your test probes to the outer 12 V pole and to the center pole and once\nagain check the reading that you receive against that in the service manual,\nwhich will between 7.5K ohms and 10.5K ohms. As in the case of the primary\ncoil, even a small discrepancy will mean that the coil requires replacing. The\ncoil resistance will vary depending on whether it is cold or hot, and the\nreadings indicate a range appropriate to most vehicles.\n\n### Related posts:\n\n * How Can You Test Used Car Battery Quality?\n * What Is a Written Driving Test\n * Disadvantages of a Driving Practice Test\n * Important Driving Test Information\n * Practical Driving Test Help\n\nIf you enjoyed this article please consider sharing it!\n\n * Autos.com - Find your perfect car!\n\nPrivacy | Terms of Use | Cookie Policy\n\n"
}
] |
2,439,692 | How To Make a Wonder Woman Costume | To make a Wonder Woman costume for a child, start by finding a red t-shirt or tank top and placing yellow electrical tape on the front to create the emblem. Next, find a blue skirt, tutu, or shorts and decorate it with white stars. Then, find red knee-high socks and use white tape to line the center of each sock from knee to toe. Finally, pin or sew a long stretch of red fabric to the top of the shirt if your child wants a cape. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200727071310/https://foster2forever.com/2014/09/how-to-wonder-woman-costume.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210115084348/https://www.techtimes.com/articles/57607/20150615/evolution-woman-wonder-costumes-throughout-years.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200217051819/http://www.nothingbutcountry.com:80/2013/10/no-sew-wonder-woman-costume/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211211182232/https://www.cbr.com/wonder-woman-sword-shield/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160604230941/http://www.costumeexpress.com:80/ideas-tips/kids/girls/wonder-woman-halloween-costume-ideas/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210812003318/https://sevenclowncircus.com/no-sew-wonder-woman-costume/"
] | train | 1,034 | [
{
"original_url": "https://foster2forever.com/2014/09/how-to-wonder-woman-costume.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200727071310/https://foster2forever.com/2014/09/how-to-wonder-woman-costume.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make a Wonder Woman Costume + 88 Other DIY Costumes",
"passages": [
"If you’ve followed me for a while, you may realize that I just love Halloween costumes and dressing up. (Is that weird for a Christian?) Each year, our family has a theme for our Halloween costumes. Check out how our family has dressed through the years for Halloween costume idea for families or groups.",
"Last year, we dressed in Halloween costumes as a family of superheroes! Dad was Green Lantern, one son was Batman, the other Superman, and I dressed in an EASY DIY WONDER WOMAN COSTUME I put together!",
"I simply cut the toilet paper roll lengthwise and traced a pattern onto the sparkle paper. I then cut the sparkle paper and hot glued the paper onto the toilet paper roll. I then cut a small star out of red felt and hot glued it on.",
"For the Wonder Woman headband, I used an old large soft but solid headband. I used this pattern for Wonder Woman costume headband and cut out the sparkle paper. I hot-glued the sparkle paper onto the headband. I cut the red felt into a star and hot glued it onto the front of the Wonder Woman headband.",
"I traced the Wonder Woman logo onto the yellow Duct Tape sheet using this Wonder Woman costume logo pattern. I placed on the front of the red shirt.",
"For the shorts, I cut the stars out of the white Duct Tape sheet using the star punch. Because of the stickiness of the glue, cut out a few stars with folded foil to keep the punch from sticking. Place randomly on the blue shorts.",
"Wear red baseball socks with red shoes, then put masking tape from the toes of the red shoes to the top of the socks. Then place masking tape around the top of the socks. Official (kind of) Wonder Woman boots!",
"Along with how to make a Wonder Woman costume, I’m sharing 88+ more really awesome handmade costume ideas from talented bloggers everywhere! Here are 80+ DIY Halloween costumes, including my WONDER WOMAN COSTUME!",
"Check out this handmade Halloween costume site, Really Awesome Costumes that has tons of easy ideas to craft up DIY Halloween costumes for everyone including your pets, family costumes, and even trunk or treat ideas!",
"And now it’s time for tons more DIY Halloween costume inspiration! You can join in on the BLOG HOP! Click on the links below each collage to get the detailed instructions about how to make the costume pictured, just like mine above. Don’t forget to follow the Handmade Halloween Costumes Pinterest Board for even more DIY costume greatness!",
"What handmade costume ideas did you love the most?! Be sure to click over to get the costume instructions, pin the costume, and let them know you love it!",
"[...] and you can let go of that “wonder-ness” with this simple and easy DIY costume. Click here for [...]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make a Wonder Woman Costume + 88 Other DIY Costumes - Foster2Forever\n\nFoster2Forever\n\n09/2014 by Penelope\n\n# How to Make a Wonder Woman Costume + 88 Other DIY Costumes\n\nIf you’ve followed me for a while, you may realize that I just love Halloween\ncostumes and dressing up. (Is that weird for a Christian?) Each year, our\nfamily has a theme for our Halloween costumes. Check out how our family has\ndressed through the years for Halloween costume idea for families or groups.\n\nLast year, we dressed in Halloween costumes as a family of superheroes! Dad\nwas Green Lantern, one son was Batman, the other Superman, and I dressed in an\nEASY DIY WONDER WOMAN COSTUME I put together!\n\nHow do I look?\n\n## How to Make a Wonder Woman Costume\n\n### SUPPLIES: HEADBAND & CUFFS for Wonder Woman Costume\n\nI made the cuffs out of toilet paper rolls.\n\n * toilet paper rolls\n * sparkle craft paper in gold\n * red felt\n * scissors\n * hot glue gun\n\nI simply cut the toilet paper roll lengthwise and traced a pattern onto the\nsparkle paper. I then cut the sparkle paper and hot glued the paper onto the\ntoilet paper roll. I then cut a small star out of red felt and hot glued it\non.\n\nFor the Wonder Woman headband, I used an old large soft but solid headband. I\nused this pattern for Wonder Woman costume headband and cut out the sparkle\npaper. I hot-glued the sparkle paper onto the headband. I cut the red felt\ninto a star and hot glued it onto the front of the Wonder Woman headband.\n\n### SUPPLIES for Wonder Woman Costume\n\n * Red shirt\n * Blue shorts\n * Red softball socks\n * Red shoes\n * Yellow and white Duck Tape sheets\n * Fiskars x-large star punch\n * White masking tape\n\nI traced the Wonder Woman logo onto the yellow Duct Tape sheet using this\nWonder Woman costume logo pattern. I placed on the front of the red shirt.\n\nFor the shorts, I cut the stars out of the white Duct Tape sheet using the\nstar punch. Because of the stickiness of the glue, cut out a few stars with\nfolded foil to keep the punch from sticking. Place randomly on the blue\nshorts.\n\n### How to Make Boots for Wonder Woman Costume\n\nWear red baseball socks with red shoes, then put masking tape from the toes of\nthe red shoes to the top of the socks. Then place masking tape around the top\nof the socks. Official (kind of) Wonder Woman boots!\n\nCheck out our Halloween costumes for a family of superheroes!\n\nAlong with how to make a Wonder Woman costume, I’m sharing 88+ more really\nawesome handmade costume ideas from talented bloggers everywhere! Here are 80+\nDIY Halloween costumes, including my WONDER WOMAN COSTUME!\n\nCheck out this handmade Halloween costume site, Really Awesome Costumes that\nhas tons of easy ideas to craft up DIY Halloween costumes for everyone\nincluding your pets, family costumes, and even trunk or treat ideas!\n\nAnd now it’s time for tons more DIY Halloween costume inspiration! You can\njoin in on the BLOG HOP! Click on the links below each collage to get the\ndetailed instructions about how to make the costume pictured, just like mine\nabove. Don’t forget to follow the Handmade Halloween Costumes Pinterest Board\nfor even more DIY costume greatness!\n\n1\\. Handmade Baby Hamburger Costume\n\n2\\. DIY Baby Game Boy Costume\n\n3\\. DIY Minecraft Steve Costume\n\n4\\. Football Brothers Halloween Costumes with DIY Pads and Onesie\n\n5\\. Star Trek Halloween Costume for Kids\n\n6\\. A Bee and Her Keeper\n\n7\\. No Sew Magician Costume\n\n8\\. Flint Lockwood Costume\n\n9\\. Pinocchio\n\n10\\. Marty McFly\n\n11\\. Princess Wedding Dress Costume\n\n12\\. Handmade Lalaloopsy Doll Costume\n\n13\\. Homemade Toothless Costume\n\n14\\. DIY Mermaid For Less Than $20 (No-Sew Option)\n\n15\\. Easy Tinker Bell Costume\n\n16\\. Mario and Luigi Go Kart Costumes\n\n17\\. Dog The Bounty Hunter and Beth\n\n18\\. Family Monsters University Costumes\n\n19\\. Scooby Doo family costumes\n\n20\\. DIY Storm Cloud Costume\n\n21\\. Cheap and Easy DIY Spider Costume\n\n22\\. Easy Tin Man Costume\n\n23\\. No Sew Bee Costume\n\n24\\. Planet Halloween Costumes\n\n25\\. DIY Cheshire Cat Costume\n\n26\\. DIY Instagram Board\n\n27\\. Elsa crown\n\n28\\. Dog Collar Ruffles\n\n29\\. DIY Pineapple Baby Costume\n\n30\\. DIY Lego Movie Costume\n\n31\\. Weeping Angel Costume\n\n32\\. Disney Planes Costume: Dipper\n\n33\\. Easy Pirate Costume\n\n34\\. Easy Costume Idea – Renaissance Girl\n\n35\\. 10 Minute Homemade Jellyfish Costume\n\n36\\. DIY Cat Costume\n\n37\\. Lucy And Ricky Costumes\n\n38\\. Easy Frozen Costumes (Carrisa!!)\n\n39\\. Easy Greek Goddess Costume\n\n40\\. DIY Family Willy Wonka Costumes\n\n41\\. DIY No Sew Maleficent Costume\n\n42\\. No Sew Pineapple Halloween Costume\n\n43\\. Graveyard Bean Bag Toss: Trunk or Treat Car Costume\n\n44\\. DIY Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtles Costumes\n\n45\\. DIY Raccoon Costume with Printable Mask\n\n46\\. Easy WildStyle Lego Movie Costume\n\n47\\. Simple Hello Kitty Costume\n\n48\\. No Sew Minnie Mouse Costume\n\n49\\. DIY Inspector Gadget and Penny Costumes\n\n50\\. DIY Frozen Elsa Dress Baby Edition\n\n51\\. Fairy Princess Dog Costume\n\n52\\. DIY Hashtag Halloween Costume\n\n53\\. Toddler or Baby Egg Costume\n\n54\\. Easy No Sew Olaf Costume\n\n55\\. DIY Baymax Costume\n\n56\\. DIY Tooth Fairy Costume\n\n57\\. Baby Short Stack Pancake Costume\n\n58\\. Elephant and Piggie Halloween Costumes\n\n59\\. Instagram Halloween Costume\n\n60\\. Peter Pan & Mr. Smee Halloween Costume\n\n61\\. Wildstyle Costume from the Lego Movie\n\n62\\. Fred and Wilma Couples Costume\n\n63\\. Viking Family Costumes\n\n64\\. DIY Cruella de Vil Costume for a child\n\n65\\. Disney Frozen Olaf Halloween Treat Bucket\n\n66\\. How to Make a Minecraft Steve Head\n\n67\\. DIY Harry Potter Costume\n\n68\\. DIY Duck Dynasty Costumes\n\n69\\. No Sew Cupcake Baker Halloween Costume\n\n70\\. DIY Skunk Mask\n\n71\\. Ghostbusters Proton Pack DIY\n\n72\\. Frozen Anna Costume Tutorial\n\n73\\. Candy Corn Costume\n\n74\\. Paw Patrol Halloween Costume\n\n75\\. No Sew Toothless Dragon Costume\n\n76\\. DIY Robot Costume\n\n77\\. Wonder Woman Costume\n\n78\\. Reese’s Peanut Butter Cup Costume\n\n79\\. Thrifted Gentleman Spy DIY Halloween Costume\n\n80\\. DIY Boy Garden Gnome Costume\n\n81\\. Group Costume: Bob Ross, Happy Tree, & Squirrel\n\n82\\. DIY Blues Brothers Costumes\n\n83\\. Snow White Costume\n\n84\\. Peacock Princess Costume\n\n85\\. Scarecrow Costume\n\n86\\. Easy Teenage Mutant Ninja Turtle Costume\n\n87\\. Handmade Teddy Bear Costume\n\n88\\. Princess Elsa and the Spy Kid\n\n89\\. DIY Baby Koala costume\n\nWhat handmade costume ideas did you love the most?! Be sure to click over to\nget the costume instructions, pin the costume, and let them know you love it!\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Share\n\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Email\n\n### Related\n\n❮❮ Previous Post\n\nNext Post ❯❯\n\n### Trackbacks\n\n 1. 35 DIY Halloween Costumes that Will Make you The Hero - The Budget Diet says:\n\n09/2015 at 2:29 pm\n\n[...] and you can let go of that “wonder-ness” with this simple and easy DIY\ncostume. Click here for [...]\n\n 2. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.techtimes.com/articles/57607/20150615/evolution-woman-wonder-costumes-throughout-years.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210115084348/https://www.techtimes.com/articles/57607/20150615/evolution-woman-wonder-costumes-throughout-years.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Evolution Of Wonder Woman Costumes Throughout The Years",
"passages": [
"Women have been featured in American comic books since the start of the medium. While there were a few female crime fighters in the early days, Wonder Woman became the first widely known female superhero when she made her debut in All Star Comics #8 in December 1941.",
"Created by William Moulton Marston, Wonder Woman tells the story of Princess Diana of Themyscira, the superheroine that was formed from clay from Queen Hippolyta of the Amazons.",
"Diana was gifted with powers from the gods, including strength, wisdom and courage, a hunter's heart, beauty, sisterhood, speed and flight. Growing up with warrior women, she was sent into Man's World, where she took on the secret identity of Diana Prince.",
"Wonder Woman is commonly viewed as a feminist icon. She shows that females are powerful, too, and pushes for justice, love and equality.",
"When we think of her in terms of who she is and what she stands for, a feminist may come to mind, but probably the first thing we know Wonder Woman by is her appearance.",
"While female comic book characters are often sexualized (especially lately), Wonder Woman's strength isn't played down by her beauty. Her famous red, white, and blue star-spangled suit is one of the most well-known costumes in comics.",
"We all look forward to seeing the new Batsuit each time it's revealed, but superheros like Batman are praised for more than just their looks. Wonder Woman is one of the few — if not the only — female character whose costume and character continues to stand the test of time.",
"\"Marston would say she caught on because it's a strong female, and we are wired to submit to strong women,\" says Tim Hanley, Wonder Woman expert and author of Wonder Woman Unbound: The Curious History of the World's Most Famous Heroine. \"I think it's just a good, fun book.\"",
"Although she has been a permanent fixture in comics and pop culture (as well as appearing on TV and now film) since her debut, there are many things about her that have changed in terms of story line and design.",
"After first appearing in comics in All Star Comics #8 in December 1941, Wonder Woman graced the cover of Sensation Comics #1 in 1942.",
"We think of Wonder Woman wearing that body suit, but originally she wore a more modest knee-length skirt. During this time period, her look changes a few times to sometimes wearing the skirt, sometimes shorts. Still, her costume includes the red top, blue and white star skirt, red boots, and tiara, which she could use as a weapon.",
"One of the most bizarre things about Wonder Woman that he discovered, Hanley says, has been the bondage fetishes in the '40s.",
"\"It's dismissed in a lot of places, but when you really look into Marston and her creation, and the way the books were laid out, it's kind of the decor of the book. Everything Marston wanted to do, and his thoughts on — oddly enough — feminism, are tied into his bondage fetishism.\"",
"Sex symbol or not, Diana was on the first cover of Ms. magazine, causing her to be seen as a liberal feminist, role model, and an icon.",
"In the 1950s, her storyline starts to evolve a bit, and she gains the ability to fly, something she couldn't do in the '40s. In terms of her costume, she was still wearing the classic costume, but it started to get shorter.",
"\"The first big change was into the late '50s,\" Hanley says. \"She kind of got emasculated to a certain extent, the feminism kind of faded away.\"",
"During this time she was more interested in settling down and getting married instead of fighting crime. While fighting crime is still on her agenda, the job annoys her. Fans saw a totally different side of Wonder Woman.",
"In 1962, we see Wonder Woman wearing the costume we all know and love. The skirt is gone, replaced with a body suit. In this image, we see her with her tiara, metal bracelets (used to deflect weapons), and her lasso.",
"\"The lasso is the only one with real power. The lasso originally would give Wonder Woman control over somebody. It was a symbol of feminine power,\" Hanley says. \"It evolved into a lie detector, so she could compel you to tell the truth.\"",
"Then in 1968, Wonder Woman got a modern revamp (because the domesticated superhero sold terribly, Hanley notes). In this storyline, the Amazons were sent to an entirely different dimension, and she was a normal human, meaning her superpowers were nonexistent — although she does learn tae kwon do. Because her boyfriend Steve Trevor was murdered in the first issue after she gave up her powers, she went on a quest for his revenge — a storyline Hanley says did not make for a great book.",
"She stops wearing a costume and just wears clothes in this era. \"It's a white middle-aged guy's take on mod fashion,\" Hanley says.",
"In '72, Wonder Woman comes back in the comics as the original Amazon she was, and with that she is back in the iconic red and blue costume.",
"In 1974, Cathy Lee Crosby played Wonder Woman in the made-for-TV movie. The film was a pilot for a TV series, but didn't do as well as hoped, so Warner Bros. and ABC developed the series a year later that starred Lynda Carter (which we will get to next).",
"Crosby didn't wear the traditional briefs and tiara costume Wonder Woman is known for, instead sporting pants and a long-sleeved red jacket with blue and white star sleeves. In this storyline, Diana's secret identity was not so secret.",
"In the mid-'70s, CBS picked up the Wonder Woman series starting Lynda Carter, which lasted for three seasons. Carter was quoted telling US magazine that she hated the way men looked at her in this role, adding that she \"never meant to be a sexual object for anyone but my husband.\"",
"Still, there's no denying she wears the costume well. \"Wonder Woman is one of the characters — because based on who she is — [who] can pull off a smaller costume,\" Hanley says. \"One of the things people say about Linda Carter is she can pull it off. She looks comfortable in that outfit, she looks like she fits in it.\"",
"The pilot of the show (which first started on ABC) followed the original comic book story, but some elements were dropped, such as her birthplace, and her time in the military was tweaked.",
"To show when Diana Prince would change into Wonder Woman on TV, Carter suggested spinning, which then would be adapted into the Justice League animated series. In comics, Prince would use her lasso around her body.",
"They brought back her classic costume for The New Original Wonder Woman, although the cape was used in just promo shots. During Wonder Woman's time on TV, Hanley says her costume stays relatively the same, and does so in comics as well throughout the '70s and most of the '80s.",
"In 1987, we see another relaunch, this time by the legendary George Pérez, who is responsible for revitalizing her popularity.",
"While her costume stays the same, she is depicted with curly hair. Her revamped look makes her look more an Amazon than ever before, and she has an overall stronger and more powerful look thanks to Pérez's drawings that make her resemble a Greek goddess.",
"While she is drawn with more muscles than ever before, there are other aesthetic changes to the strapless top where the eagle was now replaced with Double-W.",
"Diana earned the Wonder Woman title back in the '40s, as well as in the 1987 relaunch. But then, in the mid-'90s, Diana loses her title to Artemis in The Contest.",
"As a result, Diana is given a sexy, black outfit. \"Comics got ridiculously sexy in the 1990s,\" Hanley says. \"It really got out of hand. The comics kind of become very much a fanboy sort of thing, and this was how everyone was drawn.\"",
"But were the sexier female characters still known for their strength? Hanley says no. \"This was a weird time for Wonder Woman specifically,\" he says, especially since this was a year after Pérez left.",
"Following the sexualized style of Diana, Artemis is drawn with super long legs and tiny waist. Her briefs ride up high, becoming one of the most revealing Wonder Woman costume looks.",
"The presumption is that sex sells. So did this tactic work? \"No, she was back in the old costume,\" Hanley says.",
"After Pérez leaves, the books don't sell well. That means Wonder Woman gets a fresh look. \"Costume is pretty much straight pandering - if no one cares about the story, let's make her sexy and try to sell a few books.\"",
"Justice League, the animated series produced by Warner Bros. Animation and aired on Cartoon Network, ran from 2001 to 2004, with its name changing to Justice League Unlimited in its second season. The series was based on the DC Comics series, but while the other characters stayed true to their original story, Wonder Woman was the exception.",
"However, Diana's competition to become Wonder Woman was included in her story, along with her adjustment to the Man's World, and she follows closely to the George Pérez revamp. She does not keep a secret identity, but does wear the traditional costume, although her lasso doesn't appear until later.",
"In 2010, we get another revamp that gives her a look that resembles our current time. Instead of wearing the iconic suit, she is depicted in black pants and a jacket. She does keep a form of the tiara, her bracelets, and her red top. She looks both strong and sexy, without being exploitative.",
"\"There's a lot more female fans now, so the conversation has shifted from fanboys saying, 'Is it sexy enough?' and other fans saying, 'Is this too sexy? Is this exploitive?' to — with Wonder Woman and other characters, too — now wearing jackets, pants, and they are more covered up,\" Hanley says.",
"Then in 2011, DC Comics revamped the character again, this time with writer Brian Azzarello and illustrator Cliff Chiang. The results gave us a look that was modern-meets-ancient Greece; however, she learns in the first issues that she was not an Amazon princess made from clay, but instead the daughter of Queen Hippolyta and Zeus. This made her origin a bit easier to follow for new fans. It also means that she was now powerful and divine, while still having that human emotion.",
"Diana then got another makeover — along with Batman and Superman — that debuted in June. David Finch created the cover to #41, which was a dramatic change because, surprisingly, she is more covered up than ever before. She is seen wearing the red top and boots, but with pants and long sleeves. Her bracelets have spikes coming from them, and she is pictured with closed fists.",
"On June 9 at the Las Vegas Licensing Expo, Warner Bros. Consumer Products displayed Wonder Woman's costume that will appear in next summer's Batman v Superman: Dawn of Justice. The costume is a modern take on the classic look, a red and gold top with blue shorts minus the stars. She is seen with her tiara, brackets, and lasso, along with a shield and sword. It's a darker look, a theme of the movie, while still staying true to who she is.",
"\"It's covering up, to certain extent, but it's also just not being exploitative [that] is the major trust of what we're seeing lately,\" Hanley says. This is a trend we see in the Batgirl and Spider-Woman costumes as well.",
"Actress Gal Gadot will play Diana in the film, as well as her own feature film set for 2017, and is locked down to make appearances in other DC Comics Universe films. But fans were critical of the casting choice, saying that Gadot was too thin.",
"\"The skinny thing seemed to break down on two lines: they wanted her to be stronger, more muscular, and taller, too. Wonder Woman is an Amazon, usually that means tall, and Gadot is an average-sized lady. And then there was the other side: her boobs aren't big enough, that fanboy angle as well,\" Hanley says. \"But for me, it seems its Wonder Woman, she doesn't need to have muscles to be strong. It's just inherent in her.\"",
"\"People, particularly movie executives, seem to think that her whole origin is complicated,\" Hanley says, even though \"it's a cool feminist thing, no men are involved.\"",
"We have seen variations of her origin, and her storyline has evolved and changed since her 1940s debut, but Wonder Woman continues to stand the test of time, with her latest appearances only sparking a new generation of fans. Known for her feminist past, she continues to be relevant and looks to have a bright feature.",
"\"It seems to be whenever they change Wonder Woman, most fans just sit back and wait for her to go back to [the] original costume,\" Hanley says."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Evolution Of Wonder Woman Costumes Throughout The Years | Tech Times\n\nMENU\n\n * Tech\n * Science\n * Business\n * Health\n * Culture\n * Features\n * Buzz\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * reddit\n * google+\n * Comment\n\n * linkedin\n * Email\n * What's app\n * digg\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. Culture\n\n 3. Movies/TV Shows\n\n# The Evolution Of Wonder Woman Costumes Throughout The Years\n\n15 June 2015, 8:50 am EDT By Lauren Keating Tech Times\n\nWomen have been featured in American comic books since the start of the\nmedium. While there were a few female crime fighters in the early days, Wonder\nWoman became the first widely known female superhero when she made her debut\nin All Star Comics #8 in December 1941.\n\nCreated by William Moulton Marston, Wonder Woman tells the story of Princess\nDiana of Themyscira, the superheroine that was formed from clay from Queen\nHippolyta of the Amazons.\n\nDiana was gifted with powers from the gods, including strength, wisdom and\ncourage, a hunter's heart, beauty, sisterhood, speed and flight. Growing up\nwith warrior women, she was sent into Man's World, where she took on the\nsecret identity of Diana Prince.\n\nWonder Woman is commonly viewed as a feminist icon. She shows that females are\npowerful, too, and pushes for justice, love and equality.\n\nWhen we think of her in terms of who she is and what she stands for, a\nfeminist may come to mind, but probably the first thing we know Wonder Woman\nby is her appearance.\n\nWhile female comic book characters are often sexualized (especially lately),\nWonder Woman's strength isn't played down by her beauty. Her famous red,\nwhite, and blue star-spangled suit is one of the most well-known costumes in\ncomics.\n\nWe all look forward to seeing the new Batsuit each time it's revealed, but\nsuperheros like Batman are praised for more than just their looks. Wonder\nWoman is one of the few — if not the only — female character whose costume and\ncharacter continues to stand the test of time.\n\nBut what really is it about her that has caused her to become arguably the\nmost well-known superheroine?\n\n\"Marston would say she caught on because it's a strong female, and we are\nwired to submit to strong women,\" says Tim Hanley, Wonder Woman expert and\nauthor of Wonder Woman Unbound: The Curious History of the World's Most Famous\nHeroine. \"I think it's just a good, fun book.\"\n\nAlthough she has been a permanent fixture in comics and pop culture (as well\nas appearing on TV and now film) since her debut, there are many things about\nher that have changed in terms of story line and design.\n\nLet's take a look at Wonder Woman's evolution throughout history, highlighting\nher ever-changing look.\n\n## Cover Debut\n\nAfter first appearing in comics in All Star Comics #8 in December 1941, Wonder\nWoman graced the cover of Sensation Comics #1 in 1942.\n\nWe think of Wonder Woman wearing that body suit, but originally she wore a\nmore modest knee-length skirt. During this time period, her look changes a few\ntimes to sometimes wearing the skirt, sometimes shorts. Still, her costume\nincludes the red top, blue and white star skirt, red boots, and tiara, which\nshe could use as a weapon.\n\nOne of the most bizarre things about Wonder Woman that he discovered, Hanley\nsays, has been the bondage fetishes in the '40s.\n\n\"It's dismissed in a lot of places, but when you really look into Marston and\nher creation, and the way the books were laid out, it's kind of the decor of\nthe book. Everything Marston wanted to do, and his thoughts on — oddly enough\n— feminism, are tied into his bondage fetishism.\"\n\nSex symbol or not, Diana was on the first cover of Ms. magazine, causing her\nto be seen as a liberal feminist, role model, and an icon.\n\nIn the 1950s, her storyline starts to evolve a bit, and she gains the ability\nto fly, something she couldn't do in the '40s. In terms of her costume, she\nwas still wearing the classic costume, but it started to get shorter.\n\n\"The first big change was into the late '50s,\" Hanley says. \"She kind of got\nemasculated to a certain extent, the feminism kind of faded away.\"\n\nDuring this time she was more interested in settling down and getting married\ninstead of fighting crime. While fighting crime is still on her agenda, the\njob annoys her. Fans saw a totally different side of Wonder Woman.\n\n## Silver Age\n\nIn 1962, we see Wonder Woman wearing the costume we all know and love. The\nskirt is gone, replaced with a body suit. In this image, we see her with her\ntiara, metal bracelets (used to deflect weapons), and her lasso.\n\n\"The lasso is the only one with real power. The lasso originally would give\nWonder Woman control over somebody. It was a symbol of feminine power,\" Hanley\nsays. \"It evolved into a lie detector, so she could compel you to tell the\ntruth.\"\n\n## Late 1960s Reboot\n\nThen in 1968, Wonder Woman got a modern revamp (because the domesticated\nsuperhero sold terribly, Hanley notes). In this storyline, the Amazons were\nsent to an entirely different dimension, and she was a normal human, meaning\nher superpowers were nonexistent — although she does learn tae kwon do.\nBecause her boyfriend Steve Trevor was murdered in the first issue after she\ngave up her powers, she went on a quest for his revenge — a storyline Hanley\nsays did not make for a great book.\n\nShe stops wearing a costume and just wears clothes in this era. \"It's a white\nmiddle-aged guy's take on mod fashion,\" Hanley says.\n\nIn '72, Wonder Woman comes back in the comics as the original Amazon she was,\nand with that she is back in the iconic red and blue costume.\n\n## Cathy Lee Crosby As Wonder Woman\n\nIn 1974, Cathy Lee Crosby played Wonder Woman in the made-for-TV movie. The\nfilm was a pilot for a TV series, but didn't do as well as hoped, so Warner\nBros. and ABC developed the series a year later that starred Lynda Carter\n(which we will get to next).\n\nCrosby didn't wear the traditional briefs and tiara costume Wonder Woman is\nknown for, instead sporting pants and a long-sleeved red jacket with blue and\nwhite star sleeves. In this storyline, Diana's secret identity was not so\nsecret.\n\n## Lynda Carter As Wonder Woman\n\nIn the mid-'70s, CBS picked up the Wonder Woman series starting Lynda Carter,\nwhich lasted for three seasons. Carter was quoted telling US magazine that she\nhated the way men looked at her in this role, adding that she \"never meant to\nbe a sexual object for anyone but my husband.\"\n\nStill, there's no denying she wears the costume well. \"Wonder Woman is one of\nthe characters — because based on who she is — [who] can pull off a smaller\ncostume,\" Hanley says. \"One of the things people say about Linda Carter is she\ncan pull it off. She looks comfortable in that outfit, she looks like she fits\nin it.\"\n\nThe pilot of the show (which first started on ABC) followed the original comic\nbook story, but some elements were dropped, such as her birthplace, and her\ntime in the military was tweaked.\n\nTo show when Diana Prince would change into Wonder Woman on TV, Carter\nsuggested spinning, which then would be adapted into the Justice League\nanimated series. In comics, Prince would use her lasso around her body.\n\nThey brought back her classic costume for The New Original Wonder Woman,\nalthough the cape was used in just promo shots. During Wonder Woman's time on\nTV, Hanley says her costume stays relatively the same, and does so in comics\nas well throughout the '70s and most of the '80s.\n\n## '80s Reboot\n\nIn 1987, we see another relaunch, this time by the legendary George Pérez, who\nis responsible for revitalizing her popularity.\n\n\"The '80s weren't really great for Wonder Woman, and he [George Pérez] made\nher a best-seller again,\" says Hanley.\n\nWhile her costume stays the same, she is depicted with curly hair. Her\nrevamped look makes her look more an Amazon than ever before, and she has an\noverall stronger and more powerful look thanks to Pérez's drawings that make\nher resemble a Greek goddess.\n\nWhile she is drawn with more muscles than ever before, there are other\naesthetic changes to the strapless top where the eagle was now replaced with\nDouble-W.\n\n## Replaced By Artemis\n\nDiana earned the Wonder Woman title back in the '40s, as well as in the 1987\nrelaunch. But then, in the mid-'90s, Diana loses her title to Artemis in The\nContest.\n\nAs a result, Diana is given a sexy, black outfit. \"Comics got ridiculously\nsexy in the 1990s,\" Hanley says. \"It really got out of hand. The comics kind\nof become very much a fanboy sort of thing, and this was how everyone was\ndrawn.\"\n\nBut were the sexier female characters still known for their strength? Hanley\nsays no. \"This was a weird time for Wonder Woman specifically,\" he says,\nespecially since this was a year after Pérez left.\n\nFollowing the sexualized style of Diana, Artemis is drawn with super long legs\nand tiny waist. Her briefs ride up high, becoming one of the most revealing\nWonder Woman costume looks.\n\nThe presumption is that sex sells. So did this tactic work? \"No, she was back\nin the old costume,\" Hanley says.\n\nAfter Pérez leaves, the books don't sell well. That means Wonder Woman gets a\nfresh look. \"Costume is pretty much straight pandering - if no one cares about\nthe story, let's make her sexy and try to sell a few books.\"\n\n## Justice League\n\nJustice League, the animated series produced by Warner Bros. Animation and\naired on Cartoon Network, ran from 2001 to 2004, with its name changing to\nJustice League Unlimited in its second season. The series was based on the DC\nComics series, but while the other characters stayed true to their original\nstory, Wonder Woman was the exception.\n\nHowever, Diana's competition to become Wonder Woman was included in her story,\nalong with her adjustment to the Man's World, and she follows closely to the\nGeorge Pérez revamp. She does not keep a secret identity, but does wear the\ntraditional costume, although her lasso doesn't appear until later.\n\n## Issue #600 Redesign\n\nIn 2010, we get another revamp that gives her a look that resembles our\ncurrent time. Instead of wearing the iconic suit, she is depicted in black\npants and a jacket. She does keep a form of the tiara, her bracelets, and her\nred top. She looks both strong and sexy, without being exploitative.\n\n\"There's a lot more female fans now, so the conversation has shifted from\nfanboys saying, 'Is it sexy enough?' and other fans saying, 'Is this too sexy?\nIs this exploitive?' to — with Wonder Woman and other characters, too — now\nwearing jackets, pants, and they are more covered up,\" Hanley says.\n\n## 52 Redesign\n\nThen in 2011, DC Comics revamped the character again, this time with writer\nBrian Azzarello and illustrator Cliff Chiang. The results gave us a look that\nwas modern-meets-ancient Greece; however, she learns in the first issues that\nshe was not an Amazon princess made from clay, but instead the daughter of\nQueen Hippolyta and Zeus. This made her origin a bit easier to follow for new\nfans. It also means that she was now powerful and divine, while still having\nthat human emotion.\n\n## Post-New 52 Design\n\nDiana then got another makeover — along with Batman and Superman — that\ndebuted in June. David Finch created the cover to #41, which was a dramatic\nchange because, surprisingly, she is more covered up than ever before. She is\nseen wearing the red top and boots, but with pants and long sleeves. Her\nbracelets have spikes coming from them, and she is pictured with closed fists.\n\n# Batman v Superman Costume\n\nOn June 9 at the Las Vegas Licensing Expo, Warner Bros. Consumer Products\ndisplayed Wonder Woman's costume that will appear in next summer's Batman v\nSuperman: Dawn of Justice. The costume is a modern take on the classic look, a\nred and gold top with blue shorts minus the stars. She is seen with her tiara,\nbrackets, and lasso, along with a shield and sword. It's a darker look, a\ntheme of the movie, while still staying true to who she is.\n\n\"It's covering up, to certain extent, but it's also just not being\nexploitative [that] is the major trust of what we're seeing lately,\" Hanley\nsays. This is a trend we see in the Batgirl and Spider-Woman costumes as well.\n\nActress Gal Gadot will play Diana in the film, as well as her own feature film\nset for 2017, and is locked down to make appearances in other DC Comics\nUniverse films. But fans were critical of the casting choice, saying that\nGadot was too thin.\n\n\"The skinny thing seemed to break down on two lines: they wanted her to be\nstronger, more muscular, and taller, too. Wonder Woman is an Amazon, usually\nthat means tall, and Gadot is an average-sized lady. And then there was the\nother side: her boobs aren't big enough, that fanboy angle as well,\" Hanley\nsays. \"But for me, it seems its Wonder Woman, she doesn't need to have muscles\nto be strong. It's just inherent in her.\"\n\nHer origin in the film followed the Zeus demi-god storyline that comes from\nthe 2011 comics.\n\n\"People, particularly movie executives, seem to think that her whole origin is\ncomplicated,\" Hanley says, even though \"it's a cool feminist thing, no men are\ninvolved.\"\n\nWe have seen variations of her origin, and her storyline has evolved and\nchanged since her 1940s debut, but Wonder Woman continues to stand the test of\ntime, with her latest appearances only sparking a new generation of fans.\nKnown for her feminist past, she continues to be relevant and looks to have a\nbright feature.\n\n\"It seems to be whenever they change Wonder Woman, most fans just sit back and\nwait for her to go back to [the] original costume,\" Hanley says.\n\nWe'll just sit back and continue to watch her evolve.\n\nPhoto: DC Comics\n\nBe sure to follow T-Lounge on Twitter and visit our Facebook page.\n\nTAG\n\nWonder Woman, DC Comics, Costumes\n\nc 2018 TECHTIMES.com All rights reserved. Do not reproduce without permission.\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n### The 5 Best And Worst Comic Book Character Reboots\n\n### Wonder Woman Costume For 'Batman v Superman' Revealed At The 2015\nLicensing Expo\n\n### 'Sensation Comics Featuring Wonder Woman' #38 Review\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n1\n\n### 5 Best 'Path of Exile' 3.13 Starter Builds With Nerf Potentials for Ritual\nLeague Expansion\n\n2\n\n### Nvidia's Most Awaited RTX 3060 Ready for Preorders—Price, Specs, Release\nDate, and MORE!\n\n3\n\n### Parler Social Media and other Free-Speech App Alternatives\n\n4\n\n### Signal App Owner: Who is Moxie Marlinspike, Country of Origin, and His\nTake on End-to-End Encryption\n\n5\n\n### Apple's App Privacy Label Reveals Huge Amount of Data Stored by Facebook\nMessenger\n\n * TechScienceBusinessHealthCultureFeaturesBuzzArchives\n * About Us | Contact Us | Content Licensing | Terms & Conditions | Privacy Policy\n\n© 2021 TechTimes Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.nothingbutcountry.com:80/2013/10/no-sew-wonder-woman-costume/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200217051819/http://www.nothingbutcountry.com:80/2013/10/no-sew-wonder-woman-costume/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "NO SEW Wonder Woman Costume",
"passages": [
"I can sew when I really have to but I would RATHER NOT. This entire costume is new sewing needed!! EVEN BETTER.",
"Buying stretchy elastic I measured it around my daughters waist and tied it off in a knot. Then simply started to attach the tulle.",
"I measured how long of a piece of tulle I wanted on my daughter from her waist to the length of the tutu i desired. Then I doubled the length. Once I doubled it I folded it in half and slipped the folded loop end under the elastic like this.",
"Then tug it to attach it then slide it over to the next piece. Repeat till you fill the entire tutu with pieces.",
"We then cut out the wonder woman symbol in glitter gold, used a black sharpie marker and drew in the lines. Cut it out with exacto knife. Used fabric glue and attached it to the front of a red tank top.",
"The wrist bands and headband we cut out of the gold glitter foam. Red stars were as well and glued on. Then to close off the wrist bands we used glue/stick on Velcro. The head band we glued on red ribbon to tie.",
"The belt is gold cording we found at Hobby Lobby as well. Just tied it round her waist and looped the rest of it to look like lasso.",
"To help us with star shapes and the wonder woman symbol. We printed off the internet those shapes that we did a search for, Cut the shapes out of paper and traced them to the back of the foam and cut all with exacto knife",
"We did this project in 1 day. Came together great and she loves it. She wore he black boots and was ready to save the world!!",
"Please tell me how much tulle YOU USED for your daughter’s tutu? I need to make one girl my 9yo but have no clue how much to buy. I’m only close to a Walmart and there’ll it by the yard. Thanks. Love this.",
"Both deaf since the age of 3, Chad and Mary Beth enjoy not only raising their little family but photographing together, cooking & crafting as well. Living in Central Florida with their ... Read More About Us »"
]
},
"parsed_md": "NO SEW Wonder Woman Costume | Nothing But Country\n\nSubscribe via RSS\n\n * Home\n * Contact\n * Deals & Freebies\n * Projects & Crafts\n\n * Decorations\n * Gifts\n * Guest Blogger\n * Kids Crafts\n * Room Make Overs\n * Sewing\n * Occasions\n\n * 4th of July\n * April Fool’s Day\n * Babies\n * Back 2 School\n * Birthday\n * Christmas\n * Cinco de Mayo\n * Earth Day\n * Easter\n * Father’s day\n * Graduation\n * Groundhog Day\n * Kids Stuff\n * May Day\n * Mother’s day\n * New Years\n * Presidents Day\n * Scouts\n * Spring\n * Summer\n * Halloween\n * St. Patrick’s Day\n * Teacher Appreciation\n * Thanksgiving\n * Valentine’s Day\n * Visiting Teaching\n * Recipes\n\n * Appetizers\n * Bread\n * Breakfast\n * Candy\n * Canning\n * Cheese\n * Chocolate\n * Cookies\n * Cupcakes\n * Desserts\n * Dinners\n * Drinks\n * Fruits\n * Grilling\n * Jams\n * Kids\n * Lunch\n * Meats\n * Misc.\n * Sandwich\n * Seafood\n * Side Dish\n * Slow Cooker\n * Soup\n * Southern Food\n * Vegetables\n * This n’ That\n * Shop\n\nYou Are Here: Home » Decorations, DIY Project / Crafts, Halloween, Holidays &\nOccasions, Kids Crafts » NO SEW Wonder Woman Costume\n\n# NO SEW Wonder Woman Costume\n\nWritten on October 28, 2013 by C&MB in Decorations, DIY Project / Crafts,\nHalloween, Holidays & Occasions, Kids Crafts\n\nI can sew when I really have to but I would RATHER NOT. This entire costume is\nnew sewing needed!! EVEN BETTER.\n\nStarting with the TUTU.\n\nI bought 4 of these from Hobby Lobby. Tulle on a roll. Even better.\n\nBuying stretchy elastic I measured it around my daughters waist and tied it\noff in a knot. Then simply started to attach the tulle.\n\nI measured how long of a piece of tulle I wanted on my daughter from her waist\nto the length of the tutu i desired. Then I doubled the length. Once I doubled\nit I folded it in half and slipped the folded loop end under the elastic like\nthis.\n\nPull the loop over and thread the piece through the loop. I hope that makes\nsense.\n\nThen tug it to attach it then slide it over to the next piece. Repeat till you\nfill the entire tutu with pieces.\n\nHere is the completed tutu laid out on the table.\n\nI bought these great foam sheets from Hobby Lobby in glitter white, glitter\ngold and glitter red.\n\nI cut out stars in white and glued them to the tutu.\n\nWe then cut out the wonder woman symbol in glitter gold, used a black sharpie\nmarker and drew in the lines. Cut it out with exacto knife. Used fabric glue\nand attached it to the front of a red tank top.\n\nThe wrist bands and headband we cut out of the gold glitter foam. Red stars\nwere as well and glued on. Then to close off the wrist bands we used\nglue/stick on Velcro. The head band we glued on red ribbon to tie.\n\nNo sewing needed. It was easy peasy.\n\nThe belt is gold cording we found at Hobby Lobby as well. Just tied it round\nher waist and looped the rest of it to look like lasso.\n\nTo help us with star shapes and the wonder woman symbol. We printed off the\ninternet those shapes that we did a search for, Cut the shapes out of paper\nand traced them to the back of the foam and cut all with exacto knife\n\nWe did this project in 1 day. Came together great and she loves it. She wore\nhe black boots and was ready to save the world!!\n\n4 Comments - Leave a comment!\n\n« Previous Post\n\nNext Post »\n\n4 Responses to NO SEW Wonder Woman Costume\n\n 1. Tracy King\n\nOctober 29, 2013 | 8:01 pm\n\nThis is an adorable costume! Great Job\n\n 2. Teresa R.\n\nOctober 29, 2013 | 10:01 pm\n\nI love your no-sew wonder woman costume. great job.\n\n 3. Shawn\n\nNovember 4, 2013 | 1:34 pm\n\nI love this costume! You did an awesome job.\n\n 4. Kim Davenport\n\nAugust 22, 2015 | 5:03 pm\n\nPlease tell me how much tulle YOU USED for your daughter’s tutu? I need to\nmake one girl my 9yo but have no clue how much to buy. I’m only close to a\nWalmart and there’ll it by the yard. Thanks. Love this.\n\nLeave a Reply\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\nTrackback URL http://www.nothingbutcountry.com/2013/10/no-sew-wonder-woman-\ncostume/trackback/\n\nBoth deaf since the age of 3, Chad and Mary Beth enjoy not only raising their\nlittle family but photographing together, cooking & crafting as well. Living\nin Central Florida with their ... Read More About Us »\n\n * Follow Us\n\n * Subscribe To Us\n\n * More fun & ideas @ Facebook\n\n * Grab Our Button\n\nCopy the code below and paste on your site. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.cbr.com/wonder-woman-sword-shield/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211211182232/https://www.cbr.com/wonder-woman-sword-shield/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "When Wonder Woman First Used Sword and Shield",
"passages": [
"In their latest look at notable comic book firsts, CSBG examines when Wonder Woman first started using a sword and shield in the comics.",
"In \"When We First Met\", we spotlight the various characters, phrases, objects or events that eventually became notable parts of comic lore, like the first time someone said, \"Avengers Assemble!\" or the first appearance of Batman's giant penny or the first appearance of Alfred Pennyworth or the first time Spider-Man's face was shown half-Spidey/half-Peter. Stuff like that.",
"Today, in response to a couple of readers who thought about this after a few of my recent articles about Wonder Woman (Michael H. asked me on Facebook after reading my article about Wonder Woman's magic lasso and reader Karl G. asked me via e-mail after reading my article about the God-Killer Sword), I address when Wonder Woman started using a sword and shield in the comic books.",
"Now do note, right off the bat, that Wonder Woman has used a sword at a few different points over her long comic book career. She just didn't use them with any regularity, which is obviously the real question here.",
"When Wonder Woman lost her powers, she used pretty much any weapon she could get her hands on (including guns), so she used a sword then...",
"But what really changed things was when George Perez and Greg Potter rebooted Wonder Woman following Crisis on Infinite Earths. They gave Wonder Woman a whole arsenal of weapons, including armor, a spear, an ax and, perhaps most notably (in that it was used the most) a cool shield...",
"(As an aside, anyone know why the cover to #1, or a variation of it, wasn't used for the trade paperback collection of Perez's Wonder Woman? They went with this cover, instead, which was the original cover for #5...",
"And here's an amazing Brian Bolland cover for no real reason other than it is awesome to look at (and, okay, the weapons are in this shot, as well)...",
"So you could accept \"George Perez' Wonder Woman\" as the answer to the question of when Wonder Woman first started using a sword and shield, but I think the answer is probably a BIT later, as there's no sword/shield combo during the Perez run.",
"It was, then, Kingdom Come (by Alex Ross and Mark Waid) that the classic Wonder Woman armor, shield and sword combo debuted...",
"Thanks for the suggestions, Michael and Karl! If anyone else has an idea for a future edition of When We First Met, drop me a line at brianc@cbr.com!",
"CBR Senior Writer Brian Cronin has been writing professionally about comic books for over a dozen years now at CBR (primarily with his “Comics Should Be Good” series of columns, including Comic Book Legends Revealed). He has written two books about comics for Penguin-Random House – Was Superman a Spy? And Other Comic Book Legends Revealed and Why Does Batman Carry Shark Repellent? And Other Amazing Comic Book Trivia! and one book, 100 Things X-Men Fans Should Know & Do Before They Die, from Triumph Books. His writing has been featured at ESPN.com, the Los Angeles Times, About.com, the Huffington Post and Gizmodo. He features legends about entertainment and sports at his website, Legends Revealed and other pop culture features at Pop Culture References. Follow him on Twitter at @Brian_Cronin and feel free to e-mail him suggestions for stories about comic books that you'd like to see featured at brianc@cbr.com!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "When Wonder Woman First Used Sword and Shield | CBR\n\n# www.cbr.com\n\nFollow Us\n\n#### Follow CBR.com\n\n#### Something New\n\nCovering the hottest movie and TV topics that fans want.\n\nAll the latest gaming news, game reviews and trailers\n\nA one-stop shop for all things video games.\n\n# When Did Wonder Woman Start Using a Sword and Shield?\n\nIn their latest look at notable comic book firsts, CSBG examines when Wonder\nWoman first started using a sword and shield in the comics.\n\nBy Brian Cronin Published Jun 02, 2017\n\nShare Tweet Email\n\nIn \"When We First Met\", we spotlight the various characters, phrases, objects\nor events that eventually became notable parts of comic lore, like the first\ntime someone said, \"Avengers Assemble!\" or the first appearance of Batman's\ngiant penny or the first appearance of Alfred Pennyworth or the first time\nSpider-Man's face was shown half-Spidey/half-Peter. Stuff like that.\n\nToday, in response to a couple of readers who thought about this after a few\nof my recent articles about Wonder Woman (Michael H. asked me on Facebook\nafter reading my article about Wonder Woman's magic lasso and reader Karl G.\nasked me via e-mail after reading my article about the God-Killer Sword), I\naddress when Wonder Woman started using a sword and shield in the comic books.\n\nCBR VIDEO OF THE DAY\n\nNow do note, right off the bat, that Wonder Woman has used a sword at a few\ndifferent points over her long comic book career. She just didn't use them\nwith any regularity, which is obviously the real question here.\n\nWhen Wonder Woman lost her powers, she used pretty much any weapon she could\nget her hands on (including guns), so she used a sword then...\n\nAnd when Nubia was first introduced, it was notably during a sword battle\nbetween her and Wonder Woman...\n\nSo, yeah, Diana was certainly not AVERSE to using a sword, if necessary...\n\nBut what really changed things was when George Perez and Greg Potter rebooted\nWonder Woman following Crisis on Infinite Earths. They gave Wonder Woman a\nwhole arsenal of weapons, including armor, a spear, an ax and, perhaps most\nnotably (in that it was used the most) a cool shield...\n\n(As an aside, anyone know why the cover to #1, or a variation of it, wasn't\nused for the trade paperback collection of Perez's Wonder Woman? They went\nwith this cover, instead, which was the original cover for #5...\n\nDoes that make ANY sense to you? It doesn't to me)\n\nHere is Wonder Woman decked out in her whole new attire...\n\nAnd here's an amazing Brian Bolland cover for no real reason other than it is\nawesome to look at (and, okay, the weapons are in this shot, as well)...\n\nSo you could accept \"George Perez' Wonder Woman\" as the answer to the question\nof when Wonder Woman first started using a sword and shield, but I think the\nanswer is probably a BIT later, as there's no sword/shield combo during the\nPerez run.\n\nIt was, then, Kingdom Come (by Alex Ross and Mark Waid) that the classic\nWonder Woman armor, shield and sword combo debuted...\n\nThat was then adapted into the regular DC Universe in 2001 during Our Worlds\nat War...\n\nAnd obviously, since the New 52, it has been a mainstay in her outfitting...\n\nThanks for the suggestions, Michael and Karl! If anyone else has an idea for a\nfuture edition of When We First Met, drop me a line at brianc@cbr.com!\n\nShare Tweet Email\n\nWatch Zendaya Give Tom Holland Grief for Spoiling Iron Man's Death\n\nRelated Topics\n\n * CBR Exclusives\n * Comics\n * Comic News\n * wonder woman\n * csbg\n * When We First Met\n\nAbout The Author\n\nBrian Cronin (15182 Articles Published)\n\nCBR Senior Writer Brian Cronin has been writing professionally about comic\nbooks for over a dozen years now at CBR (primarily with his “Comics Should Be\nGood” series of columns, including Comic Book Legends Revealed). He has\nwritten two books about comics for Penguin-Random House – Was Superman a Spy?\nAnd Other Comic Book Legends Revealed and Why Does Batman Carry Shark\nRepellent? And Other Amazing Comic Book Trivia! and one book, 100 Things X-Men\nFans Should Know & Do Before They Die, from Triumph Books. His writing has\nbeen featured at ESPN.com, the Los Angeles Times, About.com, the Huffington\nPost and Gizmodo. He features legends about entertainment and sports at his\nwebsite, Legends Revealed and other pop culture features at Pop Culture\nReferences. Follow him on Twitter at @Brian_Cronin and feel free to e-mail him\nsuggestions for stories about comic books that you'd like to see featured at\nbrianc@cbr.com!\n\nMore From Brian Cronin\n\n * Popular Now\n * Comic Books\n\n### Marvel Just Introduced a Horrifying New Breed of Vampire - But What Can It\nDo?\n\n### Why Aren't There More Hockey Movies?\n\n### Knighted #2\n\n### Riverdale's Reality-Bending Event Wraps With the Return of a Long-Dead\nCharacter\n\n### Captain Carter: Marvel's Newest Series Releases First Details\n\n### Dan Slott Hints at How the Reckoning War Changes Everything for the\nFantastic Four\n\n### DC's Batman '89 #4 Comic Review\n\nDC Comics\n\n### DC's World of Krypton #1 Comic Review\n\nDC Comics\n\n### DC's Batgirls #1 Comic Review\n\nDC\n\n### Peach Momoko's Demon Days: X-Men - Creator's Cut #1 Comic Review\n\nMarvel\n\n### Dark Horse's Sir Edward Grey: Acheron #1 Comic Review\n\nDark Horse Comics\n\n### DC's One-Star Squadron #1 Comic Review\n\nDC\n\n### trending now\n\n### No Way Home Releases Extended Look at Spider-Man and Doc Ock's First Fight\n\n### Loki and She-Hulk Cosplayers Recreate a Hilarious MCU Moment\n\n### Perfect, Affordable Holiday Gifts for My Hero Academia Fans\n\n### Read Next\n\n### One Hulk’s Little-Known Superpower May Introduce the MCU's One True God\n\n### Aquaman 2's Jason Momoa Announces He's Wrapped Filming on the Sequel\n\n### My Hero Academia: Hagakure Would Have Made Perfect Sense as the Traitor\n\n### Don’t Look Up’s Silliest Joke Also Might Be Its Darkest Commentary\n\n### Walker Season 2, Episode 6, \"Douglas Fir,\" Recap & Spoilers\n\n### The Expanse: Strait & Tipper Promise the Series Finale Exceeds Fan\nExpectations\n\n### Why Marvel Replaced the Avengers' Biggest Loser... with His Own Variant?\n\n### Cobra Kai Season 4 Trailer Reveals the Dojo’s Secret Weapon\n\n### Wolverine's Best Partner Is the Worst X-Men Villain (and Marvel's Only\nBanned Mutant)\n\nComments\n\nCopyright © 2021 www.cbr.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.costumeexpress.com:80/ideas-tips/kids/girls/wonder-woman-halloween-costume-ideas/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160604230941/http://www.costumeexpress.com:80/ideas-tips/kids/girls/wonder-woman-halloween-costume-ideas/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Wonder Woman Costumes and D.I.Y. Ideas for Kids",
"passages": [
"Wonder Woman is a fighter for justice and all things noble. With her lasso of truth, weaponized tiara, magical sword and indestructible, bullet-deflecting bracelets, she has the strength and smarts to take down any bad guys standing in her way.",
"She’s not just a superhero, though. Hailing from the mystical island of Themyscira, Wonder Woman is also known as Princess Diana, ruler of the Amazons. What’s more, in some story arcs of the Wonder Woman and Justice League comics, she inherits the powers of a Greek goddess. Now, if that’s not the ultimate embodiment of Girl Power, we don’t know what is.",
"CostumeExpress.com has all the costumes and accessories for any young girl who wants to don the tiara, rock the bracelets and crack the lasso of Wonder Woman. Your daughter has great choices in which costume she wants to wear. Girl power will shine through and your daughter will be smiley, whether she’s flying the skies of your town or sorting through her trick-or-treat candy.",
"In the classic Wonder Woman costume, your daughter will shine with her over- sized cape and knee-high boot covers. Lasso at her side, she will be able to corral any evil-doer she meets.",
"In sequins we trust! Your daughter will impress anyone she passes in her sequin Wonder Woman costume. With her classy blue and white starred tutu, she exudes class, fun, shine and girl power!",
"With her iconic W on her chest, bracelets ready, tiara perfectly straight and cape flowing, your daughter is ready to tackle anything that comes her way, no matter if she’s a few years into her reign as Wonder Woman or just starting out as toddler Wonder Woman.",
"Add some step into your Wonder Woman costume with these heeled sequin shoes ,which add a bit of pizazz and sparkle to your daughter’s costume. Also, this adorable Wonder Woman bag is perfect for carrying her trick-or-treat haul. It even comes with some cute Wonder Woman hair clips to keep your daughter’s mane aside when she’s soaring through the skies.",
"It’s easy for any crime-fighting superhero to make their own accessories – plus, it’s a great way to customize your child’s Wonder Woman costume and make it every bit as unique as she is. Spend an afternoon using these tips to craft your costumes together. When Halloween rolls around, you’ll be the best- dressed family on the block.",
"To make Wonder Woman’s bracelets: first, take two toilet paper tubes and cut them lengthwise on one side, so they can easily slip onto a small wrist. Trim to the desired length, and paint them silver with a red star on each one.",
"Wonder Woman’s most important accessory is her golden lasso of truth! Use thick yarn or nylon cord from the hardware store, and tie a large loop into one end to form the lasso. Cut your lasso to an appropriate length for your child, then use some metallic gold spray paint to complete the look. As an optional final step, brush on some glow-in-the-dark acrylic paint to make your child’s lasso glow just like Wonder Woman’s.",
"Want to make a Wonder Woman costume from scratch? Use yellow duct tape or Washi tape to create her classic “W” emblem on a red T-shirt, tank, or top. Then, pair your creation with a patriotic red, white, and blue tutu and some sparkly red shoes.",
"Wonder Woman needs her sidekicks and superhero compatriots with her to help fight crime, and now you can get the whole family together in costume as everyone dresses as their favorite characters from the Justice League. For moms, dads, brothers and sisters, there’s guaranteed to be a costume to match. What kind of superhero family and group costumes will you come up with this Halloween?",
"What kind of costume ideas should we show off next? If you liked this post and want to see more like it, then share your thoughts with us on Facebook and on Twitter @CostumeExpress. Be sure to check out our Pinterest boards for more costume ideas and tips, too."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Wonder Woman Costumes and D.I.Y. Ideas for Kids - Halloween Costume Ideas and\nTips for Kids\n\nNavigation Menu\n\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Follow us on Facebook\n * Subscribe To Rss Feed\n * Follow Us On Google+\n\n# Wonder Woman Costumes and D.I.Y. Ideas for Kids\n\nHome » Girls' Costumes » Wonder Woman Costumes and D.I.Y. Ideas for Kids\n\nPosted on Sep 11, 2015\n\nWonder Woman is a fighter for justice and all things noble. With her lasso of\ntruth, weaponized tiara, magical sword and indestructible, bullet-deflecting\nbracelets, she has the strength and smarts to take down any bad guys standing\nin her way.\n\nShe’s not just a superhero, though. Hailing from the mystical island of\nThemyscira, Wonder Woman is also known as Princess Diana, ruler of the\nAmazons. What’s more, in some story arcs of the Wonder Woman and Justice\nLeague comics, she inherits the powers of a Greek goddess. Now, if that’s not\nthe ultimate embodiment of Girl Power, we don’t know what is.\n\nIn This Post:\n\n * Wonder Woman Costume Ideas for Girls\n * Wonder Woman Accessories and D.I.Y. Costume Ideas\n\n * D.I.Y. Wonder Woman Bracelets\n * D.I.Y. Wonder Woman Lasso\n * You put the “W” in Wonder Woman!\n * Call upon the Justice League to Save Halloween!\n\n## Wonder Woman Costume Ideas for Girls\n\nCostumeExpress.com has all the costumes and accessories for any young girl who\nwants to don the tiara, rock the bracelets and crack the lasso of Wonder\nWoman. Your daughter has great choices in which costume she wants to wear.\nGirl power will shine through and your daughter will be smiley, whether she’s\nflying the skies of your town or sorting through her trick-or-treat candy.\n\nIn the classic Wonder Woman costume, your daughter will shine with her over-\nsized cape and knee-high boot covers. Lasso at her side, she will be able to\ncorral any evil-doer she meets.\n\nIn sequins we trust! Your daughter will impress anyone she passes in her\nsequin Wonder Woman costume. With her classy blue and white starred tutu, she\nexudes class, fun, shine and girl power!\n\nWith her iconic W on her chest, bracelets ready, tiara perfectly straight and\ncape flowing, your daughter is ready to tackle anything that comes her way, no\nmatter if she’s a few years into her reign as Wonder Woman or just starting\nout as toddler Wonder Woman.\n\nAdd some step into your Wonder Woman costume with these heeled sequin shoes\n,which add a bit of pizazz and sparkle to your daughter’s costume. Also, this\nadorable Wonder Woman bag is perfect for carrying her trick-or-treat haul. It\neven comes with some cute Wonder Woman hair clips to keep your daughter’s mane\naside when she’s soaring through the skies.\n\n## Wonder Woman Accessories and D.I.Y. Costume Ideas\n\nIt’s easy for any crime-fighting superhero to make their own accessories –\nplus, it’s a great way to customize your child’s Wonder Woman costume and make\nit every bit as unique as she is. Spend an afternoon using these tips to craft\nyour costumes together. When Halloween rolls around, you’ll be the best-\ndressed family on the block.\n\n### D.I.Y. Wonder Woman Bracelets\n\nTo make Wonder Woman’s bracelets: first, take two toilet paper tubes and cut\nthem lengthwise on one side, so they can easily slip onto a small wrist. Trim\nto the desired length, and paint them silver with a red star on each one.\n\n### D.I.Y. Wonder Woman Lasso\n\nWonder Woman’s most important accessory is her golden lasso of truth! Use\nthick yarn or nylon cord from the hardware store, and tie a large loop into\none end to form the lasso. Cut your lasso to an appropriate length for your\nchild, then use some metallic gold spray paint to complete the look. As an\noptional final step, brush on some glow-in-the-dark acrylic paint to make your\nchild’s lasso glow just like Wonder Woman’s.\n\n### You put the “W” in Wonder Woman!\n\nWant to make a Wonder Woman costume from scratch? Use yellow duct tape or\nWashi tape to create her classic “W” emblem on a red T-shirt, tank, or top.\nThen, pair your creation with a patriotic red, white, and blue tutu and some\nsparkly red shoes.\n\n## Call upon the Justice League to Save Halloween!\n\nWonder Woman needs her sidekicks and superhero compatriots with her to help\nfight crime, and now you can get the whole family together in costume as\neveryone dresses as their favorite characters from the Justice League. For\nmoms, dads, brothers and sisters, there’s guaranteed to be a costume to match.\nWhat kind of superhero family and group costumes will you come up with this\nHalloween?\n\nWhat kind of costume ideas should we show off next? If you liked this post and\nwant to see more like it, then share your thoughts with us on Facebook and on\nTwitter @CostumeExpress. Be sure to check out our Pinterest boards for more\ncostume ideas and tips, too.\n\n#### Shop Wonder Woman Costumes on Costume Express.\n\n#### Shop all Superhero Costumes for kids on Costume Express.\n\nAuthor: Mark Lee\n\nShare This Post On\n\n * Google\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n\n### Submit a Comment Cancel reply\n\n#### Discover Costume Ideas\n\n#### Archives\n\n * December 2015\n * November 2015\n * October 2015\n * September 2015\n * August 2015\n * July 2015\n * June 2015\n * May 2015\n * April 2015\n * March 2015\n * October 2014\n * September 2014\n * August 2014\n * July 2014\n * June 2014\n\n© www.costumeexpress.com\n\nShare This\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Google+\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://sevenclowncircus.com/no-sew-wonder-woman-costume/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812003318/https://sevenclowncircus.com/no-sew-wonder-woman-costume/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "NO-Sew Wonder Woman Costume {DIY}",
"passages": [
"What’s better than a fabulous looking costume that looks sewn but isn’t? Um, a no-sew costume that you can make in about 2-3 hours. My sister made this fabulous NO-SEW Wonder Woman Costume {be still my heart} that looks like a million bucks and I couldn’t be more impressed. Her inspiration came from this video tutorial, but was modified by using a tank top instead of a tube top, a star on the belt buckle and a longer skirt. Some supplies you will need is a blue skirt, red tank top, gold fabric, gold vinyl, white vinyl, red felt, liquid stitch, elastic, velcro and scissors. I guarantee this will be the hit of the super heroine crowd!",
"Note: All fabric, felt, vinyl, liquid stitch and velcro were purchased from Hobby Lobby. The skirt and tank top were purchased at Old Navy.",
"Step 1: Use a star paper punch for the template for the skirt. (If you don’t have a star punch download star templates from google.) Trace the star on the back of the gold vinyl with a pencil. Cut them out. Position the stars in the desired location on the skirt. Once the stars are where you would like begin gluing them down with the liquid stitch. A small brush works best to evenly spread the glue.",
"Step 2: Measure child’s waist and cut vinyl to size. (I used a 4′′ width, but depending on the size of your child you could make it smaller.) Lay vinyl strip on top of gold fabric to use as a guide and cut gold fabric leaving 1-1/2′′ on each side. Fold gold fabric over vinyl and glue down. Clothespins worked great for keeping in place.",
"Cut belt buckle out of vinyl using a 5′′ width and 5′′ length. Fold rectangle in half length wise and cut a 1′′ slant. Lay on top of gold fabric and cut gold fabric leaving a 1-1/2′′ allowance. Fold gold fabric over the vinyl and glue down. Next, glue the gold belt buckle to one end of the belt. Hold in place with clothespins until glue is semi-dry. When glue is dry turn belt over and add (3) 4′′ strips of velcro to the buckle. For the star I used this template and traced and cut on red felt. Glue to the front of the belt buckle.",
"Step 3: Use the t-shirt as a guide to trace the neckline and arm openings on a piece of white paper. Free hand draw the heart shaped bottom portion. Cut template out and trace on vinyl or scrap fabric. Lay over gold fabric and cut out leaving a 1/2′′ allowance. Fold and glue bottom “heart-shaped” portion onto vinyl or scrap fabric (depending on which you use). Glue to tank top leaving neckline and arm opening overlapping. Fold over neckline and arm opening over hang and glue. Tip: after gluing I ironed gold fabric so that it lays flat. Make sure you use a towel as a barrier in between fabric and iron.",
"Step 4: Measure child’s wrists and cut vinyl to size. I used a 4′′ width. Cover vinyl in gold fabric and glue down. When glue is dry add a strip of velcro to each end. Use the star template, trace and cut out two more red felt stars. Glue one star on each cuff in the center.",
"Step 5: Measure the front of child’s forehead to make the template for the crown. Trace and cut crown using the vinyl. Cover in gold fabric. Make sure the front and back is completely covered in gold fabric or it will look messy. You can either glue the elastic to the crown or hand sew it like I did. Don’t forget to attach another red felt star to the center of the crown.",
"Angie is a CRAFT dabbling, recipe making, WORD loving, sunshine hording, book DEVOURING, Mama to a lot! She's kind of in love with Instagram right now, so if you want her attention, go find here there. {smiling}",
"Now that is an awesome costume! A lot to cold to wear trick or treating here in Michigan though since it’s been in the 30’s at night and highs around 50 during the day.",
"I see the track back worked ... Just wanted to say thanks for a great tutorial for the sewing machine-averse! My daughter loved her costume and strutted like a peacock in it all day. 🙂",
"Super cute costume! I just made an evil queen costume. Love your idea and how easy it was. Drop by and share your project at my weekly party if you like. I’m sure my readers would love it."
]
},
"parsed_md": "NO-Sew Wonder Woman Costume {DIY}\n\nSeven Clown Circus\n\nDIY Fun Under the Big Top\n\n * Home\n * Parties\n * Crafts\n * Recipes\n * Printables\n * Beauty\n\nYou are here: Home / Crafting / NO-Sew Wonder Woman Costume {DIY}\n\n# NO-Sew Wonder Woman Costume {DIY}\n\nAugust 16, 2016 By Angie\n\nWhat’s better than a fabulous looking costume that looks sewn but isn’t? Um, a\nno-sew costume that you can make in about 2-3 hours. My sister made this\nfabulous NO-SEW Wonder Woman Costume {be still my heart} that looks like a\nmillion bucks and I couldn’t be more impressed. Her inspiration came from this\nvideo tutorial, but was modified by using a tank top instead of a tube top, a\nstar on the belt buckle and a longer skirt. Some supplies you will need is a\nblue skirt, red tank top, gold fabric, gold vinyl, white vinyl, red felt,\nliquid stitch, elastic, velcro and scissors. I guarantee this will be the hit\nof the super heroine crowd!\n\n## Materials Needed for a No-Sew Wonder Woman Costume\n\n * Blue Skirt\n * Red Tank Top\n * White Vinyl, 1 yard, $2.39\n * Gold Fabric, 1 yard, $2.99\n * Red felt, 1 sheet, $.25\n * Gold vinyl, 1 sheet, $1.49 (found by sheets of felt)\n * Liquid Stitch, $5.49 (use 40% off coupon)\n * Paint Brush\n * Scissors\n * Pencil\n * Star Template & Star Punch\n * Velcro\n * Elastic\n * Note: All fabric, felt, vinyl, liquid stitch and velcro were purchased from Hobby Lobby. The skirt and tank top were purchased at Old Navy.\n\n## Step-by-step Directions for Making a No-Sew Wonder Woman Costume\n\n## Skirt\n\nStep 1: Use a star paper punch for the template for the skirt. (If you don’t\nhave a star punch download star templates from google.) Trace the star on the\nback of the gold vinyl with a pencil. Cut them out. Position the stars in the\ndesired location on the skirt. Once the stars are where you would like begin\ngluing them down with the liquid stitch. A small brush works best to evenly\nspread the glue.\n\n## Belt\n\nStep 2: Measure child’s waist and cut vinyl to size. (I used a 4′′ width, but\ndepending on the size of your child you could make it smaller.) Lay vinyl\nstrip on top of gold fabric to use as a guide and cut gold fabric leaving\n1-1/2′′ on each side. Fold gold fabric over vinyl and glue down. Clothespins\nworked great for keeping in place.\n\n## Buckle\n\nCut belt buckle out of vinyl using a 5′′ width and 5′′ length. Fold rectangle\nin half length wise and cut a 1′′ slant. Lay on top of gold fabric and cut\ngold fabric leaving a 1-1/2′′ allowance. Fold gold fabric over the vinyl and\nglue down. Next, glue the gold belt buckle to one end of the belt. Hold in\nplace with clothespins until glue is semi-dry. When glue is dry turn belt over\nand add (3) 4′′ strips of velcro to the buckle. For the star I used this\ntemplate and traced and cut on red felt. Glue to the front of the belt buckle.\n\n## Shirt\n\nStep 3: Use the t-shirt as a guide to trace the neckline and arm openings on a\npiece of white paper. Free hand draw the heart shaped bottom portion. Cut\ntemplate out and trace on vinyl or scrap fabric. Lay over gold fabric and cut\nout leaving a 1/2′′ allowance. Fold and glue bottom “heart-shaped” portion\nonto vinyl or scrap fabric (depending on which you use). Glue to tank top\nleaving neckline and arm opening overlapping. Fold over neckline and arm\nopening over hang and glue. Tip: after gluing I ironed gold fabric so that it\nlays flat. Make sure you use a towel as a barrier in between fabric and iron.\n\n## Cuffs\n\nStep 4: Measure child’s wrists and cut vinyl to size. I used a 4′′ width.\nCover vinyl in gold fabric and glue down. When glue is dry add a strip of\nvelcro to each end. Use the star template, trace and cut out two more red felt\nstars. Glue one star on each cuff in the center.\n\n## Crown\n\nStep 5: Measure the front of child’s forehead to make the template for the\ncrown. Trace and cut crown using the vinyl. Cover in gold fabric. Make sure\nthe front and back is completely covered in gold fabric or it will look messy.\nYou can either glue the elastic to the crown or hand sew it like I did. Don’t\nforget to attach another red felt star to the center of the crown.\n\n## More Halloween Crafts:\n\n * Halloween Printable Tags {free owl printables}\n * Halloween Candy Bouquet {free printable}\n * Mummy Pizza Puffs\n * Mason Jar Lid Pumpkin {DIY craft}\n\nFiled Under: Crafting, Featured Content\n\nAbout Angie\n\nAngie is a CRAFT dabbling, recipe making, WORD loving, sunshine hording, book\nDEVOURING, Mama to a lot! She's kind of in love with Instagram right now, so\nif you want her attention, go find here there. {smiling}\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. 1\n\nJackie says\n\nOctober 24, 2013 at 8:39 am\n\nNow that is an awesome costume! A lot to cold to wear trick or treating here\nin Michigan though since it’s been in the 30’s at night and highs around 50\nduring the day.\n\n 2. 2\n\nLoran says\n\nMarch 16, 2014 at 7:07 pm\n\nI see the track back worked ... Just wanted to say thanks for a great tutorial\nfor the sewing machine-averse! My daughter loved her costume and strutted like\na peacock in it all day. 🙂\n\n 3. 3\n\nTheresa @DearCreatives Twitter: DearCreatives says\n\nOctober 3, 2014 at 2:07 pm\n\nSuper cute costume! I just made an evil queen costume. Love your idea and how\neasy it was. Drop by and share your project at my weekly party if you like.\nI’m sure my readers would love it.\n\n 4. 4\n\nCarmody says\n\nOctober 6, 2014 at 8:12 am\n\nI heart this so much!\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Archives\n\n#### Giveaways Going On Now:\n\n#### Grab a Button!\n\nCopy and Paste Code\n\n#### Parties\n\nReturn to top of page\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Lifestyle Child Theme on Genesis Framework · WordPress ·\nLog in\n\n"
}
] |
1,650,284 | How To Deter House Wrens from Nestboxes | To deter house wrens from nestboxes, regularly clear out any dummy nests in your nestboxes, which are fake nests made of loose sticks that house wrens use to claim their territory and drive away other birds. By clearing out the dummy nests, you'll make it easier for other bird species to nest in your nestboxes. Additionally, remove old nests at the end of each season since house wrens tend to return to nestboxes that have old nests in them. Alternatively, if you're willing to upgrade to new nestboxes, you can get larger ones with smaller holes, which aren't as preferable to house wrens. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190923035714/https://nestwatch.org/learn/all-about-birdhouses/controlling-competitors-non-natives/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170513023243/http://www.nwf.org:80/News-and-Magazines/National-Wildlife/Birds/Archives/2010/House-Wrecking-Wrens.aspx",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190404050954/https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/House_Wren/lifehistory",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190406214138/http://sialis.org:80/wrens.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180118135107/http://michiganbluebirds.org:80/problem-solving"
] | train | 730 | [
{
"original_url": "https://nestwatch.org/learn/all-about-birdhouses/controlling-competitors-non-natives/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190923035714/https://nestwatch.org/learn/all-about-birdhouses/controlling-competitors-non-natives/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "NestWatch",
"passages": [
"Sometimes nest boxes are used by species for which they were not intended. Wasps, mice, squirrels, and other wildlife can compete with native cavity- nesting birds for nest sites. Here are some tips for discouraging nest box usurpers.",
"House Wrens are sometimes considered problematic. These sprightly birds are very territorial and may use similar tactics as House Sparrows to evict nesting pairs from their nests. Unlike the House Sparrow and European Starling, House Wrens are protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. You may not legally remove nesting material, eggs, nestlings, or adult House Wrens from a nest box. If House Wrens are not wanted, wait until after the breeding season is over to move your nest boxes away from shrubby areas, which are prime House Wren habitat. Another solution is to place a box or two in good wren habitat. This will give them a place to nest and decreases the chance that they will usurp boxes meant for other species.",
"Bees are important pollinators of the wild foods that birds need to survive. However, they do sometimes take over nest boxes. To minimize the likelihood of bees colonizing your boxes, keep them plugged until just before the breeding season of the target species. If bees have already moved into your box, it is best to contact a professional pest management company or bee keeper to remove the insects because bees will vigorously defend their colonies. Africanized Bees, which are becoming much more common in the United States, look very similar to native bees but are much more aggressive. You should not attempt to remove a bee colony without professional help. Once they have been safely removed, clean out any combs or wax in the box with soapy water.",
"Paper wasps sometimes construct hanging colonies from the interior roof of nest boxes in the early spring. The European paper wasp, introduced to North America in 1980, is quickly increasing its range in the eastern United States. The European paper wasp is black and yellow similar to the Yellow Jacket and is slightly smaller than our native brown and tan common paper wasp. The European wasp prefers to nest in cavities and it becomes aggressive with much less provocation than the native paper wasp. Unlike the common paper wasp, the European paper wasp often uses the same nest year after year, resulting in early nesting and larger nests.",
"Seldom do wasps usurp boxes from nesting birds. They are mostly found in empty boxes. If these insects are found in a box, it is best to leave them alone and not take any active measures to exterminate them. Instead, wait to evict them until the fall when the weather is cooler and their activity has halted. You can prevent wasps and bees from establishing themselves by applying a thin layer of nonstick cooking spray or bar soap onto the inside surface of the roof. This will create a slippery surface between the insects and the roof of the box. To prevent them from establishing colonies, keep nest boxes plugged until just before the breeding season of the target species begins. Do not spray any pesticides into the nest box under any circumstances. The residue may remain even after cleaning and harm future nestlings.",
"Mice usually don’t become problematic in nest boxes until they begin to build their nests for the winter. Because this happens after birds have finished breeding, most nest box monitors do not evict mice, and instead allow them to nest in their boxes throughout the winter. These boxes need to be cleaned out in early spring, however, or birds will not use them. Wear gloves and a dust mask when cleaning out old mouse nests.",
"Squirrels occasionally compete with birds for nest boxes, and the timing of their litters does overlap with the breeding season of nesting birds. If a squirrel nest with young is found while checking nest boxes, it is best to wait until the nesting attempt is finished to clean out the box. State laws protecting native mammals vary and typically do not allow for the removal of active nests without a permit, unless they are inside buildings. Some squirrel species will produce two litters per year (spring and fall) and may use the same box for both attempts. It takes about 60 days for a litter to become independent and stop visiting the nest. If squirrels become more than just an occasional problem, prevent them from reaching the box by installing proper predator guards and by locating the nest box away from any tall trees."
]
},
"parsed_md": "NestWatch\n\nDownload nest box plans for your region and habitat using our new Right Bird,\nRight House tool! ×\n\n# NestWatch\n\n## Where Birds Come to Life\n\n# All About Birdhouses\n\n## how to be a good landlord\n\n## Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nPhoto © Robert J. Baker\n\n# Managing Nest Box Competitors\n\n## Introduction\n\nSometimes nest boxes are used by species for which they were not intended.\nWasps, mice, squirrels, and other wildlife can compete with native cavity-\nnesting birds for nest sites. Here are some tips for discouraging nest box\nusurpers.\n\n##### House Wren\n\nPhoto © Darin Ziegler\n\n## House Wrens\n\nHouse Wrens are sometimes considered problematic. These sprightly birds are\nvery territorial and may use similar tactics as House Sparrows to evict\nnesting pairs from their nests. Unlike the House Sparrow and European\nStarling, House Wrens are protected by the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. You may\nnot legally remove nesting material, eggs, nestlings, or adult House Wrens\nfrom a nest box. If House Wrens are not wanted, wait until after the breeding\nseason is over to move your nest boxes away from shrubby areas, which are\nprime House Wren habitat. Another solution is to place a box or two in good\nwren habitat. This will give them a place to nest and decreases the chance\nthat they will usurp boxes meant for other species.\n\n##### Bees in Your Box?\n\nPhoto © Keith Kridler, courtesy of Texas Bluebird Society\n\n## Bees\n\nBees are important pollinators of the wild foods that birds need to survive.\nHowever, they do sometimes take over nest boxes. To minimize the likelihood of\nbees colonizing your boxes, keep them plugged until just before the breeding\nseason of the target species. If bees have already moved into your box, it is\nbest to contact a professional pest management company or bee keeper to remove\nthe insects because bees will vigorously defend their colonies. Africanized\nBees, which are becoming much more common in the United States, look very\nsimilar to native bees but are much more aggressive. You should not attempt to\nremove a bee colony without professional help. Once they have been safely\nremoved, clean out any combs or wax in the box with soapy water.\n\n##### Native Paper Wasp, Polistes fuscatus\n\nPhoto © Jim Webber\n\n## Paper wasps\n\nPaper wasps sometimes construct hanging colonies from the interior roof of\nnest boxes in the early spring. The European paper wasp, introduced to North\nAmerica in 1980, is quickly increasing its range in the eastern United States.\nThe European paper wasp is black and yellow similar to the Yellow Jacket and\nis slightly smaller than our native brown and tan common paper wasp. The\nEuropean wasp prefers to nest in cavities and it becomes aggressive with much\nless provocation than the native paper wasp. Unlike the common paper wasp, the\nEuropean paper wasp often uses the same nest year after year, resulting in\nearly nesting and larger nests.\n\n##### European Paper Wasp, Polistes dominula\n\nPhoto © Lynette Schimming\n\nSeldom do wasps usurp boxes from nesting birds. They are mostly found in empty\nboxes. If these insects are found in a box, it is best to leave them alone and\nnot take any active measures to exterminate them. Instead, wait to evict them\nuntil the fall when the weather is cooler and their activity has halted. You\ncan prevent wasps and bees from establishing themselves by applying a thin\nlayer of nonstick cooking spray or bar soap onto the inside surface of the\nroof. This will create a slippery surface between the insects and the roof of\nthe box. To prevent them from establishing colonies, keep nest boxes plugged\nuntil just before the breeding season of the target species begins. Do not\nspray any pesticides into the nest box under any circumstances. The residue\nmay remain even after cleaning and harm future nestlings.\n\n##### A Mouse's House\n\nPhoto © Jonathan Morgan\n\n## Mice\n\nMice usually don’t become problematic in nest boxes until they begin to build\ntheir nests for the winter. Because this happens after birds have finished\nbreeding, most nest box monitors do not evict mice, and instead allow them to\nnest in their boxes throughout the winter. These boxes need to be cleaned out\nin early spring, however, or birds will not use them. Wear gloves and a dust\nmask when cleaning out old mouse nests.\n\n##### Flying Squirrel\n\nPhoto © Jonathan Morgan\n\n## Squirrels\n\nSquirrels occasionally compete with birds for nest boxes, and the timing of\ntheir litters does overlap with the breeding season of nesting birds. If a\nsquirrel nest with young is found while checking nest boxes, it is best to\nwait until the nesting attempt is finished to clean out the box. State laws\nprotecting native mammals vary and typically do not allow for the removal of\nactive nests without a permit, unless they are inside buildings. Some squirrel\nspecies will produce two litters per year (spring and fall) and may use the\nsame box for both attempts. It takes about 60 days for a litter to become\nindependent and stop visiting the nest. If squirrels become more than just an\noccasional problem, prevent them from reaching the box by installing proper\npredator guards and by locating the nest box away from any tall trees.\n\nCornell University\n\nCopyright © 2019 Cornell University Cornell Lab of Ornithology 159 Sapsucker\nWoods Rd Ithaca, NY 14850 Tel: 800.843.2473\n\n## Cornell Lab of Ornithology\n\n * Citizen Scientist Network\n\n * All About Birds\n * Celebrate Urban Birds\n * eBird\n * Habitat Network\n * NestWatch\n * Project FeederWatch\n * sign in\n\n## Cornell Lab of Ornithology\n\n * Citizen Scientist Network\n\n * All About Birds\n * Celebrate Urban Birds\n * eBird\n * Habitat Network\n * Nestwatch\n * Project Feederwatch\n * sign in\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.nwf.org:80/News-and-Magazines/National-Wildlife/Birds/Archives/2010/House-Wrecking-Wrens.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170513023243/http://www.nwf.org:80/News-and-Magazines/National-Wildlife/Birds/Archives/2010/House-Wrecking-Wrens.aspx",
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"title": "National Wildlife Federation",
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"parsed_md": "House (Wrecking) Wrens - National Wildlife Federation\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/House_Wren/lifehistory",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190404050954/https://www.allaboutbirds.org/guide/House_Wren/lifehistory",
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"title": "House Wren Life History, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology",
"passages": [
"House Wrens have a huge geographic range, and they live in many habitats, so long as they feature trees, shrubs, and tangles interspersed with clearings. Examples range from eastern deciduous forests and southern swamps to western conifer forests and aspen groves as high as 10,000 feet elevation. Because they're cavity nesters, House Wrens thrive around buildings, yards, farms, and other human habitations with their many nooks and crannies.Back to top",
"Eats a wide variety of insects and spiders, including beetles, caterpillars, earwigs, and daddy longlegs, as well as smaller numbers of more mobile insects such as flies, leafhoppers, and springtails. Also eats snail shells, probably for the calcium they contain and to provide grit for digestion.Back to top",
"House Wrens nest in old woodpecker holes, natural crevices, and nest boxes (or discarded tins, shoes, etc.) provided by humans. This bird’s association with open woodland is reflected in its choice of nest sites: it rarely uses nest sites more than 100 feet from woody vegetation, but also avoids heavily wooded nest sites where it’s hard to see predators coming. Despite their small size, they can be fierce competitors for nest sites, sometimes evicting a larger species and claiming its cavity after the bird has already begun nesting.",
"House Wrens pile twigs into the cavities they choose to nest in, either to make a bed on which to build a soft-lined cup, or sometimes mounded up into a barrier between nest and entrance, seemingly to protect the nest from cold weather, predators, or cowbirds. The cup itself is built into a depression in the twigs and lined with just a few grams (less than 0.25 oz) of feathers, grasses and other plant material, animal hair, spider egg sacs, string, snakeskin, and discarded plastic.",
"Clutch Size:| 3-10 eggs ---|--- Number of Broods:| 1-2 broods Egg Length:| 0.6-0.8 in (1.4-1.9 cm) Egg Width:| 0.4-0.6 in (1.1-1.4 cm) Incubation Period:| 9-16 days Nestling Period:| 15-17 days Egg Description:| White, pink-white, or grayish, speckled or blotched with reddish brown. Condition at Hatching:| Naked, pink, and basically immobile, eyes closed, with a couple of dozen wispy down feathers scattered over back and head.",
"A busy forager in low tree branches and shrubs. You’ll occasionally see these birds flit across openings with steady, level flight, or investigating the ground with quick hops. Male House Wrens start building several nests at once in hopes of persuading a female to mate with him. Pairs typically break up by the end of each nesting season and choose new partners the next year. House Wrens are aggressive. Single males sometimes compete for females even after a pair has begun nesting. In about half of these contests the outsider succeeds in displacing his rival, at which point he usually discards any existing eggs or nestlings and begins a new family with the female.Back to top",
"House Wren populations have experienced some regional declines, but generally populations have been stable and slightly increased between 1966 and 2015, according to the North American Breeding Bird Survey. Partner's in Flight estimates a global breeding population of 160 million with 19% spending some part of the year in the U.S., 9% in Mexico, and 8% breeding in Canada. The species rates a 5 out of 20 on the Continental Concern Score. House Wren is not on the 2016 State of North America's Birds' Watch List.Back to top",
"Wrens love brush piles for cover, protection, and a source of insects. If you need to prune trees or cut brush in your yard, consider heaping the cuttings into a pile as a safe place for birds to gather. More tips for attracting birds",
"Consider putting up a nest box to attract a breeding pair. Make sure you put it up well before breeding season. Attach a guard to keep predators from raiding eggs and young. Find out more about nest boxes on All About Birdhouses, where you'll find plans for building a nest box of the appropriate size for House Wren."
]
},
"parsed_md": "House Wren Life History, All About Birds, Cornell Lab of Ornithology\n\nTopicsSearch\n\nJoin Us\n\nAll About Birds\n\n#### Search\n\nBrowse all birds\n\n### Merlin Bird ID\n\nTry our free app foriOS | AndroidWeb version coming soon!\n\n##### Recently Viewed Species\n\n * Curve-billed Thrasher\n * Chuck-will's-widow\n * American Kestrel\n\n×\n\n# House Wren Life History\n\n * HabitatOpen Woodlands\n * FoodInsects\n * NestingCavity\n * BehaviorFoliage Gleaner\n * ConservationLow Concern\n\n## Habitat\n\nHouse Wrens have a huge geographic range, and they live in many habitats, so\nlong as they feature trees, shrubs, and tangles interspersed with clearings.\nExamples range from eastern deciduous forests and southern swamps to western\nconifer forests and aspen groves as high as 10,000 feet elevation. Because\nthey're cavity nesters, House Wrens thrive around buildings, yards, farms, and\nother human habitations with their many nooks and crannies.Back to top\n\n## Food\n\nEats a wide variety of insects and spiders, including beetles, caterpillars,\nearwigs, and daddy longlegs, as well as smaller numbers of more mobile insects\nsuch as flies, leafhoppers, and springtails. Also eats snail shells, probably\nfor the calcium they contain and to provide grit for digestion.Back to top\n\n## Nesting\n\n##### Nest Placement\n\nHouse Wrens nest in old woodpecker holes, natural crevices, and nest boxes (or\ndiscarded tins, shoes, etc.) provided by humans. This bird’s association with\nopen woodland is reflected in its choice of nest sites: it rarely uses nest\nsites more than 100 feet from woody vegetation, but also avoids heavily wooded\nnest sites where it’s hard to see predators coming. Despite their small size,\nthey can be fierce competitors for nest sites, sometimes evicting a larger\nspecies and claiming its cavity after the bird has already begun nesting.\n\n##### Nest Description\n\nHouse Wrens pile twigs into the cavities they choose to nest in, either to\nmake a bed on which to build a soft-lined cup, or sometimes mounded up into a\nbarrier between nest and entrance, seemingly to protect the nest from cold\nweather, predators, or cowbirds. The cup itself is built into a depression in\nthe twigs and lined with just a few grams (less than 0.25 oz) of feathers,\ngrasses and other plant material, animal hair, spider egg sacs, string,\nsnakeskin, and discarded plastic.\n\n##### Nesting Facts\n\nClutch Size:| 3-10 eggs \n---|--- \nNumber of Broods:| 1-2 broods \nEgg Length:| 0.6-0.8 in (1.4-1.9 cm) \nEgg Width:| 0.4-0.6 in (1.1-1.4 cm) \nIncubation Period:| 9-16 days \nNestling Period:| 15-17 days \nEgg Description:| White, pink-white, or grayish, speckled or blotched with\nreddish brown. \nCondition at Hatching:| Naked, pink, and basically immobile, eyes closed, with\na couple of dozen wispy down feathers scattered over back and head. \n \nBack to top\n\n## Behavior\n\nA busy forager in low tree branches and shrubs. You’ll occasionally see these\nbirds flit across openings with steady, level flight, or investigating the\nground with quick hops. Male House Wrens start building several nests at once\nin hopes of persuading a female to mate with him. Pairs typically break up by\nthe end of each nesting season and choose new partners the next year. House\nWrens are aggressive. Single males sometimes compete for females even after a\npair has begun nesting. In about half of these contests the outsider succeeds\nin displacing his rival, at which point he usually discards any existing eggs\nor nestlings and begins a new family with the female.Back to top\n\n## Conservation\n\nHouse Wren populations have experienced some regional declines, but generally\npopulations have been stable and slightly increased between 1966 and 2015,\naccording to the North American Breeding Bird Survey. Partner's in Flight\nestimates a global breeding population of 160 million with 19% spending some\npart of the year in the U.S., 9% in Mexico, and 8% breeding in Canada. The\nspecies rates a 5 out of 20 on the Continental Concern Score. House Wren is\nnot on the 2016 State of North America's Birds' Watch List.Back to top\n\n## Backyard Tips\n\nWrens love brush piles for cover, protection, and a source of insects. If you\nneed to prune trees or cut brush in your yard, consider heaping the cuttings\ninto a pile as a safe place for birds to gather. More tips for attracting\nbirds\n\nConsider putting up a nest box to attract a breeding pair. Make sure you put\nit up well before breeding season. Attach a guard to keep predators from\nraiding eggs and young. Find out more about nest boxes on All About\nBirdhouses, where you'll find plans for building a nest box of the appropriate\nsize for House Wren.\n\nBird-friendly Winter Gardens, Birdsleuth, 2016.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Credits\n\nEhrlich, P. R., D. S. Dobkin and D. Wheye (1988). The birder's handbook. A\nField Guide to the natural history of North American birds, including all\nspecies that regularly breed north of Mexico. Simon and Schuster Inc., New\nYork, USA.\n\nJohnson, L. Scott. 2014. House Wren (Troglodytes aedon), version 2.0. In The\nBirds of North America (P. G. Rodewald, editor). Cornell Lab of Ornithology,\nIthaca, New York, USA.\n\nLutmerding, J. A. and A. S. Love. Longevity records of North American birds.\nVersion 2015.2. Patuxent Wildlife Research Center, Bird Banding Laboratory\n2015.\n\nPartners in Flight (2017). Avian Conservation Assessment Database. 2017.\n\nSauer, J. R., D. K. Niven, J. E. Hines, D. J. Ziolkowski, Jr., K. L. Pardieck,\nJ. E. Fallon, and W. A. Link (2017). The North American Breeding Bird Survey,\nResults and Analysis 1966–2015. Version 2.07.2017. USGS Patuxent Wildlife\nResearch Center, Laurel, MD, USA.\n\nSibley, D. A. (2014). The Sibley guide to birds, second edition. Alfred A.\nKnopf, New York, USA.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Compare with Similar Species\n\nClick on an image to compare\n\nWinter Wren\n\nPacific Wren\n\nBewick's Wren\n\nCarolina Wren\n\nMarsh Wren\n\nSedge Wren\n\nRock Wren\n\n## Species in This Family\n\nWrens(Order: Passeriformes, Family:Troglodytidae)\n\nRock Wren\n\nCanyon Wren\n\nHouse Wren\n\nPacific Wren\n\nWinter Wren\n\nSedge Wren\n\nMarsh Wren\n\nCarolina Wren\n\nBewick's Wren\n\nCactus Wren\n\nBrowse Species in This Family\n\n## More to Read\n\n * ###### NestWatch\n\n#### Build a Nest Box for House Wren\n\n * ###### Students\n\n#### House Music: Investigating the Vocal Acrobatics of the House Wren\n\n * #### In California's Oak Woodlands, 5 Species Divvy Up Habitat to Improve Nest Success\n\n * ###### Living Bird Magazine\n\n#### Analysis: The Economic Value of Birds\n\n * #### Feeding Birds: a Quick Guide to Seed Types\n\n * ###### eBird\n\n#### eBird: Help & FAQ\n\nHouse Wren\n\n * Overview\n * ID Info\n * Life History\n * Maps\n * Sounds\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Overview\n * What We Do\n * Visit the Lab\n * Job Opportunities\n * News Releases\n\nCitizen Science\n\n * eBird\n * Project Feederwatch\n * NestWatch\n * Celebrate Urban Birds\n * Great Backyard Bird Count\n * Habitat Network\n\nLifelong Learning\n\n * Online Courses\n * Workshops\n * Bird Walks & Events\n * Spring Field Ornithology\n * BirdSleuth\n\nPublications\n\n * Birds of North America\n * Clements Checklist\n * Neotropical Birds\n * State of the Birds\n * Annual Report\n * Scientific Citations\n * Living Bird Magazine\n\nExplore More\n\n * Bird Guide\n * Bird Cams\n * Macaulay Library\n * \"Raven\" Sound Analysis\n * Our Youtube Videos\n * FAQs\n\nSupport Our Cause\n\n * Join the Lab\n * Donate\n * Monthly Giving\n * Membership Services\n * Shop for Our Cause\n\n * Contact the Lab\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Credits\n\nCopyright © 2017 Cornell University\n\n×\n\nDo not show this again\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://sialis.org:80/wrens.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190406214138/http://sialis.org:80/wrens.htm",
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"title": "discouraging, wren guards",
"passages": [
"A House Wren added sticks on top of this Tree Swallow nest. The 5 TRES babies had hatched on 5/27, this dummy nest was discovered on 6/2. Notice it is loose, does not entirely fill box, and lacks white spider cocoons, indicating it is a dummy nest.",
"House Wren above. Carolina Wren below. Note that Carolina Wrens (which have a white stripe over their eye) have NOT been known to destroy eggs/nestlings.",
"Nestbox filled to bursting with sticks and twigs? Missing eggs, or pierced/broken eggs in the nest or on the ground with no other signs, even though you have a predator guard, and haven't seen House Sparrows around? It's probably a House Wren (HOWR). Some bluebird trail monitors wish to deter HOWR from using their boxes because of the havoc they can wreak, and this page provides advice on various approaches. However, BE ADVISED that the HOWR is a native bird and it is illegal to harm them in any way or to interfere with active nests.",
"Also see All About House Wrens, Photos of Nests, Eggs and Young, Another Perspective on House Wrens, Predator ID, VIDEO of HOWR egg attack, video of HOWR removing newborn bluebirds from nest, and Other Brown Birds.",
"Quick Tips: Put nestboxes at least 50 and preferably 200-300 feet away from brushy and heavily wooded areas, especially away from areas House Wrens have used in the past. Remove all dummy nests and used nests. Try a wren guard DURING EGG LAYING (and do not wait till you hear House Wrens - put it up right after the first egg is laid for boxes near House Wren territory). Avoid slot boxes and gourds, and do not crowd single boxes together. If you allow House Wrens to use your boxes, I predict you will regret it in time.",
"House Wrens (Troglodytes aedon or HOWR) are small, brown, common, native, insect-eating birds with a cheerful song (although it can become grating when repeated at two second intervals). They are prolific, curious, and aggressively territorial during nesting season. This habit may help reduce food competition and avoid attracting predators.",
"Both males and females have been known to destroy unguarded bluebird and other cavity nester's eggs by piercing them (holes of 3 mm or less, or a large ragged hole in the middle). Eggs may be left in the nest or carried out and dropped nearby on the ground (never eaten). The whole attack may only last 14-50 seconds (Pribil and Picman, 1992.) They can remove an entire chickadee nest in a matter of hours. The intensity of egg pecking is highest in early spring, before pairs hook up. (Belles-Isles and Picman 1986.) However, males in particular will still peck eggs during incubation and nestling periods. (Pribil and Picman 1992.)",
"In one study in eastern MA, 20% of Black-capped Chickadee nests were destroyed by House Wrens. Althea Sherman reported that House Wrens destroyed eggs of 29 different birds. House Wrens may even displace the uncommon Bewick's Wren. In some areas, taking over nest sites (and destruction of eggs or nestlings) is the primary reason for nesting failure for Prothonatory Warblers (Walkinshaw 1941 etc.), Tree Swallows (Tuttle 1991), and Bluebirds (Pinkowski/Radunzel 1997).",
"There have also been occasional reports of House Wrens killing young nestlings (e.g., 4-5 days old) and throwing them out of the nest (Ann Wick, Linda Moore has a nestcam video showing three 1-2 day old bluebirds taken out of nest at about 8 p.m. and then again the next evening; also Linda S. reported 2 day old Carolina Wrens tossed out of box). House Wrens have also been observed filling a red-naped sapsucker nest with sticks while the sapsucker chicks were still in the nesting cavity. Kendeigh (1941) reported death of an adult bird.",
"In some areas, it appears that House Wrens and bluebirds peacefully co-exist. In other areas, with different birds, this is not the case.",
"Male House Wrens also have a habit of filling up available nestboxes with sticks to attract females/prevent competition. When not used for nesting, these are called \"dummy nests.\" Although they will learn to use nestboxes, unlike bluebirds, House Wrens can utilize natural nesting sites in trees and bushes. Therefore, some people choose not to encourage their use of bluebird nestboxes.",
"House Wrens arrive in my area (CT) later than bluebirds, so they are less of a threat during the first brood.(See nesting timetable.) However, later in the season, they can cause significant losses. They are the #1 predator on my trail, and are actually a bigger problem than House Sparrows, because you can't remove active HOWR nests, eggs, young or trap adults.",
"If you have having problems with aggressive House Wrens, or wish to improve your chances of having bluebirds occupy your nestboxes, there are some techniques available, none of which are 100% effective. Remember that it is illegal to remove or destroy wren nests with eggs/fledglings, or adult wrens. Unlike House Sparrows and starlings, House Wrens are native, and protected under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. If you decide to let House Wrens nest in your boxes, be prepared to have nothing but House Wrens in that area in the future. Learn to recognize the House Wren song - when you hear it, other nests may be in danger.",
"Methods of discouraging House Wren nesting (most effective methods are in bold) include removing dummy nests, avoiding marginal habitat, use of a classic wren guard, half circle wren guard, raised roof nestbox, modified Noel guard, avoiding crowded boxes, painting the exterior of a box white (not red/green), opening/plugging the nestbox, raising the height, avoiding slot boxes, avoiding gourds on trees, keeping them busy. Bob Benson was thinking of hanging a sign on his boxes that say \"Not for Wrent.\"Also see other methods, what doesn't work, and other points of interest. Also see unusual House Wren nest made almost entirely of grass.",
"Avoid marginal bluebird habitat. Installing/moving nestboxes at least 50 and preferably 200-300 feet away from brushy and heavily wooded areas (thickets, brambles, trees or shrubbery, brush piles), or riparian areas (next to streams, etc.) may decrease the likelihood of House Wrens using the box. If it is an option, place boxes near conifers, instead of near deciduous trees. (However, I've had HOWR use boxes in the middle of Christmas tree fields.) Removing brush near a box may also help. Shrubbery appears to be a bigger attractant than trees. Facing the entrance hole away from shrubbery may help a bit. Some people have had success with boxes 40-100 feet away from shrubbery - others have had House Wrens use boxes over 1,000 feet away from wooded areas.",
"House Wren populations appear to be increasing. As nesting pressure increases, or as the season progresses, they may move farther and farther away from what is considered \"ideal\" House Wren habitat. The size of a HOWRs territory is not known, but may be about 100-230 feet from the nest site (about 1 to 2.3 acres).",
"Dr. Kevin Berner believes that moving boxes away from HOWR habitat, especially boxes used in the past by HOWR, is the best deterrent. (see article) Unfortunately chickadee and titmouse habitat often overlaps with House Wren habitat.",
"Avoid crowded single boxes: House Wren populations may have grown in some areas due to the proliferation of tiny ornamental boxes in backyards. The Bluebird Recovery Association of Wisconsin found that crowded single boxes (multiple boxes 100 feet to 100 yards apart) seemed to attract both House Wrens and House Sparrows. There were fewer HOWR in boxes 100 yards apart (and more bluebirds.) Abundant boxes may create more problems for the declining Bewick's Wren. (There is a report in Bent that Tree Swallows and House Wrens occupied different compartments of the same Purple Martin house.)",
"Remove extra boxes: An alternative approach is to have fewer boxes, so House Wren populations don't explode, and the HOWR don't attack neighbors' nests. For example, just have one box in a yard, and use a wren guard on it once an egg is laid.",
"Avoid slot, Gilbertson and Gilwood boxes especially near typical wren habitat. The slot opening seems to make it easy for House Wrens to bring sticks in, which may make the box more attractive. House Wrens may also be attracted to Gilwood boxes, which have a larger opening. Both the Gilwood and Gilbertson have small interiors. Try boxes with larger floor size, as House Wrens may prefer smaller floors. However, I did see a House Wren dummy nest in a Zuern tree branch box. Avoid gourds hung on trees: House Wrens seem to be attracted to these. (Unfortunately, harmless Carolina Wrens also like them.) Also, it is not possible to clean out natural gourds.",
"Paint the exterior white, avoid red or green. In one study, when HOWR were given a choice of red, yellow, blue, white and green nesting boxes, they preferred red and green, and used white the least. (McCabe, 1960.)",
"Open or plug box. Plug up a nestbox (a $1.79 rubber drain plug works well) where you have found dummy nests, or leave the door to the box open for 3-7 days up to 2 weeks if House Wrens attempt to claim the box. The problem with this method is that it may encourage the wren to attempt to claim another nestbox that has other birds actively nesting in it.",
"Dummy nests (no lined nest cup with feathers or eggs) may be removed and destroyed. Dummy nests generally consist of loose sticks only (no lining of feathers or fibers.) They seem to sometimes (but not always) lack the white fuzzy spider cocoons that House Wrens use on active nests.",
"A nest with a lining would be considered an active nest and must be left alone under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. You can assume a nest is a dummy if it has no eggs in it after 3 weeks. DO try to determine that the source is a House Wren, and not a Bewick's Wren, which is uncommon or in decline in some areas. More info on dummy nests.",
"You may need to repeatedly remove the sticks and twigs or a dummy nest, or leave the box open or plugged for a week or two. Removing sticks usually requires daily visits, as a HOWR can fill up a box in a day. If they intend to use the box for a nest (i.e., it was not a true dummy nest) the pair may begin refilling the box within minutes. Don't put the sticks on the ground near the nest, as this makes HOWR reuse easier. Removing nests seems to deter HOWR less than loss of eggs to a predator.",
"One of the reason I remove dummy nests is that other birds will avoid using a box that has dummy nest sticks in it. However, note that removing sticks may signal to another species that the box is available, setting them up for loss of eggs/young if the HOWR keeps trying to use the box.",
"Try a modified Noel guard: Suggestion from Bernie Daniel: When a Chickadee or bluebird is established (i.e., a nest or eggs) build a \"vanity front porch\" on the box for them. Cut an old 2 quart milk carton in half. Cut a 1.5' hole in the bottom. Trim back the sides to about 4\" in depth (now you have created a 4\" bowl with a hole the bottom.) Center the hole in the bottom of the former milk carton over the nestbox hole and tack it onto the door. You can cut the bottom of the \"porch\" off so it is easier to attach and so that the Chickadee has access to the wooden door -- but keep the sides and top in place. (Basically this is a just a plastic \"Noel guard\" with no bottom). This creates a vestibule that prevents the wren for seeing the chickadee fly into the hole. Thus, the wren has less interest in what the chickadee is doing. Daniel has never lost a nest to wrens since using this method.",
"Keep them busy: Put up a number of wren houses without predator guards in a very small area in prime wren habitat, away from bluebird boxes. Then continually remove the dummy nests. This may keep the males occupied so they don't have time to attack. Boxes should have 15/16\" holes. Tree Greenwood uses 6-20 or more. If you do this where there are Bewick's Wrens, and House Wrens use crowded boxes, it could contribute to further decline of the Bewick's, which does not compete well.",
"Clean out old nests: in some populations, cavities with HOWR nests are preferred over empty cavities, perhaps because they may indicate prior successful use. Therefore, at the end of nesting season, clean out used nests.",
"Mount boxes higher up. Some (including me) have found mounting boxes at this height is not a deterrent. HOWR have been reported nesting 10.5-30 feet high. The NY Bluebird Society reported that house wrens have used kestrel boxes 17 to 20 feet off the ground.On urban trails where boxes hang high in trees, but away from shrubbery, others find House Wrens are not generally a problem. For some reason, House Wrens seldom nest in purple martin nestboxes, which are generally 12 feet or more off the ground.",
"Try a wren guard. To prevent House Wrens from using nestboxes, make the hole \"invisible\" by putting up a thin (view blocker) L-shaped piece of wood that extends from the front edge of the roof to just below the entrance hole. It needs to be about as wide as the box front, and extend below the hole. The guard basically obscures the hole from view. See drawings and instructions below.",
"This clever device was invented by Bob Orthwein. Reports of effectiveness of this measure are mixed - some have found them very successful. It may work because House Wrens tend to perch on the roof and then enter the box, or fly in from short distances.",
"DO NOT PUT IT UP BEFORE THE FIRST EGG to avoid abandonment. TIMING: Watch the box after installation to verify that the nester is able to enter. DO NOT PUT A WREN GUARD UP AFTER EGG LAYING IS OVER unless you VERIFY that the parents will enter the box, especially with other species like Tree Swallows! If the parents refuse to go inside to incubate, brood or feed, the eggs or babies WILL ALL DIE! Putting up a wren guard before egg laying begins may result in nest abandonment with some species (e.g., chickadees, titmice.)",
"Put up the guard after the first egg (or two or three) of the desired-cavity nester has been laid. This is because:",
"On occasion, people like Joan Watroba have put the guard up during nestbuilding by bluebirds BEFORE an egg was laid, and have had it accepted, especially if the parents are tolerant of monitoring, but try to avoid this.",
"Pam heard HOWR singing and put up both a hole reducer and a wren guard before the chickadees laid eggs. It was accepted by both the male and female after three attempts and a lot of \"Dee-dee-deeing,\" and they went on to lay eggs.",
"Per above, DO NOT WAIT till you HEAR House Wrens if the box is in House Wren territory (e.g., near brush/wooded areas.)",
"DO NOT WAIT until you HEAR House Wrens - sometimes the male does not sing when he first arrives in an area. (I often only realize they are in town when I catch them checking out boxes with my motion-activated birdcam.)",
"I tried a wren guard after a House Wren began removing a chickadee nest from a box. The wren flew right underneath the guard. Perhaps they only work or are MORE likely to work if they are put up before the wren has entered a box, AND in a box that a House Wren has not nested in previously. On other occasions, House Wrens that had already entered a box left it alone after a wren guard was installed - maybe the guard made it too inconvenient.",
"Remove the guard when bluebird hatchlings are about 4-7 days old, as it may interfere with fledging. In addition, the female has to clamber to get into the box under the guard, which slows her down. It's also probably somewhat easier for the parents to feed without the guard in place. (For smaller nestlings like chickadees or titmice, wait about 2 weeks.)",
"Some bluebirds may learn to better defend their eggs/young after a initial House Wren attack. A wren guard may help, even though they appear to be less effective after a HOWR has attacked once. The problem is that House Wrens are VERY quick and sneaky.",
"Ideally the guard should be made of the same material as the box so it blends in. In a pinch you can even make a temporary one with a piece of cardboard attached with duct tape.",
"Position it just below the hole, and as close to the front of the box as possible to still allow the nester to enter - Orthwein recommended 2.0 to 2.25\" away from the entrance hole - 2.5-3\" for bluebirds. I often put it even farther away to make it easier on the parents.",
"It is harder to monitor the box with a guard installed if it has a front-opening door. A bendable connection to the roof (like a piece of tin) will allow it to flex when you open the door for monitoring.",
"You have to make your own, as they are not commercially available, in part because boxes are so variable. (Bluebird Loves, which is apparently out of business, used to sell one designed especially for their box.)",
"If you have a Jack Finch box with a metal roof, Horace Sher suggests a 3\" x 4\"piece of cardboard fit in between the metal roof cover and the actual roof.",
"Acceptance of wren guards different species: by Black-capped Chickadees (BCCH), Carolina Chickadees, Tufted Titmice and Eastern Bluebirds has been documented.",
"Different species and Individual birds can vary in terms of \"nervousness.\" It may take the parents minutes to hours to adjust to a change like this. This is why it's generally best to put it up while eggs are still being laid, so you don't interrupt incubation, and can confirm acceptance when the next egg is laid. See drawing and more photos below.",
"Chickadees: When I put a guard up on one chickadee box after eggs had been laid, it was accepted in less than one minute. Another BCCH took 7 attempts in 7 minutes (she was already incubating, but the top of this guard was shiny metal which may have been a problem.) One person reported 24 attempts by a chickadee until it actually entered the hole.",
"Bluebirds tend to be more tolerant than other species of box changes, and it may even be wise to put up the wren guard as soon as the bluebirds start a nest, since once the House Wren finds the box, the guard is less effective at deterring them. A few people report individual female bluebirds that will not accept them. I have seen females accept them more quickly than males.",
"Tufted Titmice: I have had titmice abandon nests before eggs are laid, so I strongly recommend waiting for an egg.",
"Tree Swallow: Darlene Sillick has used them successfully on Tree Swallow nestboxes. I definitely recommend installing it during egg laying. I lost a nest of Tree Swallow hatchlings during cold weather when the parents refused to accept it. Ideally, watch the box to confirm acceptance (even if it means waiting an hour.)",
"Photo on left with permission from Bluebird Love, Inc, photo on right of Wren Guard on Loren Hughes Slot box. Photo by the Hughes.",
"On a box with a large roof overhang, or on a Peterson box, try a wren guard with \"ears\" (side guards) that wrap around the sides too - the Missouri Bluebird Society has found this is more effective in deterring House Wrens.",
"Drawing by Yvonne Domings. Photo above showing side and front view of an installed wren guard courtesy of Loren Hughes.",
"Distance from front to guard should be 2.5\" for bluebirds. 2.0 to 2.25\" is okay for smaller birds like chickadees. I usually put them a bit further out (3-4\")",
"You can make a wren guard out of paint sticks. One person made one out of a cereal box (put the plain side facing out), which was flexible enough for a front opening box, and endured rainy weather. The guard doesn't have to last forever, since you remove it when the nestlings are 4-7 days old.",
"Some people are experimenting successfully with wren guards that also have sides on them (e.g., Dick Tuttle tried plastic landscape edging that curves). However, others report that Black-capped chickadees enter from the sides.",
"Cut two pieces of shim shingles - #1 to secure the guard to the roof, and #2 to hang in front of the entrance hole. #2 should be slightly wider than the box, and extend just below the hole. (You can also punch holes in the flashing and attach that directly to the roof.)",
"Using two short screws, attach the flashing to the inside of piece #1. Predrill holes so you don't split narrow wood. Make sure screw ends don't poke out.",
"Measure guard on box, to ensure that the distance between piece #2 and the front of the box will 2.5\" for bluebirds, or 2.0 to 2.25\" for smaller birds like chickadees.",
"Screw #1 to the roof of the box, using 3 screws in a triangle to help hold it in place. #2 should hang dead vertical in front of the box entrance. Double check distance.",
"Remember to remove the guard after babies are 4-7 days old to make it easier for adults to feed and babies to fledge.",
"Try putting a nestbox very close to an active House Wren nest (i.e., 1 to 5 meters) as the Wrens MAY avoid it, perhaps because they are inhibited from pecking eggs near their nest, again perhaps to keep their own eggs from being destroyed (Pribil & Picman 1992.) The researchers found a box 15-25 m away from an active HOWR nest was MORE likely to be attacked. The study by Pribil showed that wren depredation seldom if ever occurs if the other birds' nestbox is closer than 3 to 16 feet of the wren's nest. If you're experiencing egg-pecking, find the wren's nest and either move your nestbox in close to it, or move it out over 130 feet. Some research indicates that wrens destroy others nests only when they have their own nest within 20 ft to 30 ft of another nest.",
"(Jimmy Dodson of MO reported no attacks in a paired box situation, with Tree Swallow eggs in one, and HOWR eggs in a box 10 feet away that were laid before the TRES started laying).",
"Orthwein Raised Roof nestbox: A raised roof nestbox designed by Bob Orthwein, who also designed the Wren Predator Guard. Dr. Berner tested it and did not find it very effective.",
"In some studies, male HOWRs attacked eggs only before pairing, and females only before laying. (Hannon and Cotterill 1998, Kennedy and White 1996, White and Kennedy 1997)",
"If House Wrens begin nesting later than bluebirds in your area (this is generally the case in Connecticut), remove/plug/leave open nestboxes after the first bluebird nesting is complete. Of course this makes the boxes unavailable for a potential second/third brood of bluebirds.",
"If eggs were laid and the door to the nestbox left open, it might prevent incubation, however this would probably be considered \"harassment\" under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Once the eggs hatch, the HOWR is not likely to abandon.",
"If bluebirds have claimed the box (before eggs are laid), plug up the hole in late morning after each egg is laid, and then unplug it in the evening until laying is finished (4-5 eggs?)",
"Note: This seems time consuming; House Wrens may still peck eggs after laying is complete while parents are out foraging; and I don't know whether this might lead to nest abandonment.",
"If wrens are nesting in one box, and filling up other boxes in their line of sight with dummy nests, try moving the other boxes (so visibility is blocked.) I have NO idea whether this would work.",
"Half Circle Wren Guard: At the 2004 NABS convention, a new style of wren guard was on display. It is a c-shaped wooden arch (same thickness as front panel) that is placed over the top of (and lined up with) the entrance hole. It does not block the view of the hole like a traditional wren guard. Supposedly it makes it difficult or impossible for wrens to enter the box, since they cling to the bottom of the entrance hole with a twig in their beak, and the extra thickness prevents them from getting closer to the box while still holding the twig. However, wrens rotate the twig in their beak so the twig sticks out like a drinking straw and then enters the box. Also, if they can still enter the box and destroy eggs and young nestlings, it might not be worthwhile. Additional information on the performance of this approach is desired - if you have experience, please contact me. To make one, take a square block of wood, put a 1 1/2 inch entrance hole in the middle of it, and then saw it in to two pieces where the saw cut would be through the center of the entrance hole. This would make two guards where each could be installed, with two nails or screws, as an \"arch\" above your present nestboxes entrances. For doors that open from the bottom, make sure the arch doesn't interfere with opening. Not suitable for a Gilwood box.",
"Testing: I tried this guard on three boxes. Two of the boxes had been occupied by House Wrens the prior year; both were occupied in the subsequent years despite the guard. Experience with the box may have overcome any deterrent effect it might have had. I put it on a third chickadee nestbox near House Wren territory and the chickadees hatched successfully. It took the incubating female three flights over an 8 minute period to check it out before accepting the guard. After the chickadees had fledged, a House Wren placed sticks in the box. Personally, I doubt whether any wren guards work well once a House Wren has discovered a box.",
"I am not aware of any \"wren-proof\" or even wren-resistant bluebird nestbox. I don't know of any cavity nesters that are smaller than a House Wren, so they can fit in any hole another bird could get through.",
"Extra boxes: Some people put up additional wren boxes/gourds closer to brush, at least 120 feet away from other nestboxes. Holes should be 15/16 of an inch to exclude House Sparrows. However, this can be expected to increase your local wren population and future nestbox competition as a result. Dean Sheldon found that: \"This works well for the FIRST GENERATION of HOWR nesters, but....after the fledging of the HOWR chicks, the parents move on out into unexplored territory and will, then, occupy the nest boxes in the open areas. In addition, the young of those first/second nestings may well return to their natal site next year to further exacerbate the HOWR occupancy of the entire territory.\" Predation may be highest in areas where the population is highest, so increasing the local population would only make things worse. See Keep Them Busy option.",
"Placing a tin/tub of water on the nestbox floor does not deter wrens, as they may build their nest on top of the container.",
"A small rubber snake. I put one with it's head and tongue sticking out of the hole in a box where House Wrens had started building. They were curious, but appeared unafraid, and within a minute or so tried to pull the rubber snake out through the hole. Eventually they built their nest right on top of it.",
"The first year on my trail I had, I did not have any House Wrens nesting. The next year, one box was occupied by House Wrens. The following year, there were 13 active or dummy wren nests. I no longer allow them to use my nestboxes, by leaving the door open if they attempt to claim a box.",
"Once wren egg laying is complete, destructive tendencies may subside. In three studies, researchers found that males attacked eggs only before pairing up with a female, and females only attacked eggs only before the laying period. However, there are anecdotal accounts of egg destruction outside of those time frames.",
"A researcher at Michigan State University put plastic \"craft store\" eggs in a fake nest in a nestbox. The next time the boxes were checked, all the eggs were out of the boxes. They had to wire the eggs in place, even then all the eggs had holes pierced in them. Not all boxes that had eggs removed were used for nesting.",
"House Wrens nestlings are prone to premature fledging if the box is monitored too late in the cycle. Several people have captured and returned a prematurely fledged birds to the nest and they remained (unlike prematurely fledged bluebird nestlings, which typically will not remain in the box.)",
"It's possible that nuthatches may coat the entrance of their cavities with pitch to deter HOWR. Nuthatches enter the hole without touching the sides.",
"I believe forest fragmentation is probably creating more habitat for House Wrens, which may be resulting in population increases in some areas. More on forest fragmentation.",
"Usurpation of nest sites by House Wrens, sometimes accompanied by destruction of eggs or nestlings, is primary source of nesting failure for other cavity-nesting species, including Prothonotary Warbler, Tree Swallow, chickadees, and bluebirds (Walkinshaw 1941, Kluyver 1961, Brewer 1963, Finch 1990, Rendell and Robertson 1990, Tuttle 1991, Brush 1994, Flashpoler 1996).",
"\"Damage by wrens may be reduced in Black-capped Chickadees, Tufted Titmice and other parids by concealing eggs under nest material during the laying period. To test if eggs were protected by covering, prelaying wrens were challenged for 1 day with a set of two boxes placed 1 m from their nest, one with two artificial eggs (miniature marshmallows) lightly covered under fur, the other with two artificial eggs in an open cup. Results varied with stage of nest-building; in 41 trials where both exposed eggs were removed, covered eggs remained in only 4 of 15 (27%) trials near early nests containing few sticks, but in 17 of 26 (65%) trials near more advanced nests. To assess effects of nest site, a box with a cup nest was placed in each of three habitats 10 or 20 m from 29 wren nests. After 1 day of habituation, two artificial eggs were placed in each nest and left exposed for 1 day. Boxes in woodland interiors were less likely than boxes in fields and along edges to be visited by wrens at least once over 2 days (66 vs. 97% visited) and were less likely to have eggs removed (10 vs. 83% removed). Competitors for nesting cavities also may escape attacks by wrens through differences in breeding period, active defense of territories or nests, or renesting.\" (Effect of Egg Covering and Habitat on Nest Destruction by House Wrens Douglas W. White, E. Dale Kennedy The Condor, Vol. 99, No. 4 (Nov., 1997), pp. 873-879)",
"Wren maneuvering a stick into a box (video clip - The Bluebird Nut) and audio files of song and chatter.",
"Nest and Egg ID (with links to species biology and photos of nests, eggs and young) for other small cavity nesters",
"Pribil S. and J. Picman, 1992. Why House Wrens destroy clutches of other birds: a support for the nest site competition hypothesis. Condor 93: 184-185.",
"If you experience problems with the website/find broken links/have suggestions/corrections, please contact me! The purpose of this site is to share information with anyone interested in bluebird conservation. Feel free to link to it (preferred as I update content regularly), or use text from it for personal or educational purposes, with a link back to http://www.sialis.org or a citation for the author. No permission is granted for commercial use. Appearance of automatically generated Google or other ads on this site does not constitute endorsement of any of those services or products!",
"Photo in header by Wendell Long. © Original photographs are copyrighted, and may not be used without the express permission of the photographer. Please honor their copyright protection. See disclaimer, necessitated by today's sadly litigious world. Last updated February 22, 2018. Design by Chimalis."
]
},
"parsed_md": "House Wrens - discouraging, wren guards\n\nBluebird and Small Cavity Nester Conservation \n \n--- \n|\n\n# Discouraging House Wrens\n\n|\n\nAbove: A House Wren starts to remove a Black-capped Chickadee nest from a\nnestbox. \n \n--- \n \nTypical damage to an egg pecked and removed from a box by a House Wren \n \nA House Wren added sticks on top of this Tree Swallow nest. The 5 TRES babies\nhad hatched on 5/27, this dummy nest was discovered on 6/2. Notice it is\nloose, does not entirely fill box, and lacks white spider cocoons, indicating\nit is a dummy nest. \n \nHouse Wren above. Carolina Wren below. Note that Carolina Wrens (which have a\nwhite stripe over their eye) have NOT been known to destroy eggs/nestlings. \n \nAbove, a House Wren removes a Tree Swallow nest after taking out the eggs. \n \nHouse Wren nest and eggs. Click on nest thumbnail for larger version. \n--- \n \nNestbox filled to bursting with sticks and twigs? Missing eggs, or\npierced/broken eggs in the nest or on the ground with no other signs, even\nthough you have a predator guard, and haven't seen House Sparrows around? It's\nprobably a House Wren (HOWR). Some bluebird trail monitors wish to deter HOWR\nfrom using their boxes because of the havoc they can wreak, and this page\nprovides advice on various approaches. However, BE ADVISED that the HOWR is a\nnative bird and it is illegal to harm them in any way or to interfere with\nactive nests.\n\nAlso see All About House Wrens, Photos of Nests, Eggs and Young, Another\nPerspective on House Wrens, Predator ID, VIDEO of HOWR egg attack, video of\nHOWR removing newborn bluebirds from nest, and Other Brown Birds.\n\nQuick Tips: Put nestboxes at least 50 and preferably 200-300 feet away from\nbrushy and heavily wooded areas, especially away from areas House Wrens have\nused in the past. Remove all dummy nests and used nests. Try a wren guard\nDURING EGG LAYING (and do not wait till you hear House Wrens - put it up right\nafter the first egg is laid for boxes near House Wren territory). Avoid slot\nboxes and gourds, and do not crowd single boxes together. If you allow House\nWrens to use your boxes, I predict you will regret it in time. \n--- \n \nHouse Wrens (Troglodytes aedon or HOWR) are small, brown, common, native,\ninsect-eating birds with a cheerful song (although it can become grating when\nrepeated at two second intervals). They are prolific, curious, and\naggressively territorial during nesting season. This habit may help reduce\nfood competition and avoid attracting predators.\n\nBoth males and females have been known to destroy unguarded bluebird and other\ncavity nester's eggs by piercing them (holes of 3 mm or less, or a large\nragged hole in the middle). Eggs may be left in the nest or carried out and\ndropped nearby on the ground (never eaten). The whole attack may only last\n14-50 seconds (Pribil and Picman, 1992.) They can remove an entire chickadee\nnest in a matter of hours. The intensity of egg pecking is highest in early\nspring, before pairs hook up. (Belles-Isles and Picman 1986.) However, males\nin particular will still peck eggs during incubation and nestling periods.\n(Pribil and Picman 1992.)\n\nIn one study in eastern MA, 20% of Black-capped Chickadee nests were destroyed\nby House Wrens. Althea Sherman reported that House Wrens destroyed eggs of 29\ndifferent birds. House Wrens may even displace the uncommon Bewick's Wren. In\nsome areas, taking over nest sites (and destruction of eggs or nestlings) is\nthe primary reason for nesting failure for Prothonatory Warblers (Walkinshaw\n1941 etc.), Tree Swallows (Tuttle 1991), and Bluebirds (Pinkowski/Radunzel\n1997).\n\nThere have also been occasional reports of House Wrens killing young nestlings\n(e.g., 4-5 days old) and throwing them out of the nest (Ann Wick, Linda Moore\nhas a nestcam video showing three 1-2 day old bluebirds taken out of nest at\nabout 8 p.m. and then again the next evening; also Linda S. reported 2 day old\nCarolina Wrens tossed out of box). House Wrens have also been observed filling\na red-naped sapsucker nest with sticks while the sapsucker chicks were still\nin the nesting cavity. Kendeigh (1941) reported death of an adult bird.\n\nIn some areas, it appears that House Wrens and bluebirds peacefully co-exist.\nIn other areas, with different birds, this is not the case.\n\nMale House Wrens also have a habit of filling up available nestboxes with\nsticks to attract females/prevent competition. When not used for nesting,\nthese are called \"dummy nests.\" Although they will learn to use nestboxes,\nunlike bluebirds, House Wrens can utilize natural nesting sites in trees and\nbushes. Therefore, some people choose not to encourage their use of bluebird\nnestboxes.\n\nHouse Wrens arrive in my area (CT) later than bluebirds, so they are less of a\nthreat during the first brood.(See nesting timetable.) However, later in the\nseason, they can cause significant losses. They are the #1 predator on my\ntrail, and are actually a bigger problem than House Sparrows, because you\ncan't remove active HOWR nests, eggs, young or trap adults.\n\nIf you have having problems with aggressive House Wrens, or wish to improve\nyour chances of having bluebirds occupy your nestboxes, there are some\ntechniques available, none of which are 100% effective. Remember that it is\nillegal to remove or destroy wren nests with eggs/fledglings, or adult wrens.\nUnlike House Sparrows and starlings, House Wrens are native, and protected\nunder the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. If you decide to let House Wrens nest in\nyour boxes, be prepared to have nothing but House Wrens in that area in the\nfuture. Learn to recognize the House Wren song - when you hear it, other nests\nmay be in danger.\n\nMethods of discouraging House Wren nesting (most effective methods are in\nbold) include removing dummy nests, avoiding marginal habitat, use of a\nclassic wren guard, half circle wren guard, raised roof nestbox, modified Noel\nguard, avoiding crowded boxes, painting the exterior of a box white (not\nred/green), opening/plugging the nestbox, raising the height, avoiding slot\nboxes, avoiding gourds on trees, keeping them busy. Bob Benson was thinking of\nhanging a sign on his boxes that say \"Not for Wrent.\"Also see other methods,\nwhat doesn't work, and other points of interest. Also see unusual House Wren\nnest made almost entirely of grass.\n\nMETHODS OF DETERRING HOUSE WRENS\n\nAvoid marginal bluebird habitat. Installing/moving nestboxes at least 50 and\npreferably 200-300 feet away from brushy and heavily wooded areas (thickets,\nbrambles, trees or shrubbery, brush piles), or riparian areas (next to\nstreams, etc.) may decrease the likelihood of House Wrens using the box. If it\nis an option, place boxes near conifers, instead of near deciduous trees.\n(However, I've had HOWR use boxes in the middle of Christmas tree fields.)\nRemoving brush near a box may also help. Shrubbery appears to be a bigger\nattractant than trees. Facing the entrance hole away from shrubbery may help a\nbit. Some people have had success with boxes 40-100 feet away from shrubbery -\nothers have had House Wrens use boxes over 1,000 feet away from wooded areas.\n\nHouse Wren populations appear to be increasing. As nesting pressure increases,\nor as the season progresses, they may move farther and farther away from what\nis considered \"ideal\" House Wren habitat. The size of a HOWRs territory is not\nknown, but may be about 100-230 feet from the nest site (about 1 to 2.3\nacres).\n\nDr. Kevin Berner believes that moving boxes away from HOWR habitat, especially\nboxes used in the past by HOWR, is the best deterrent. (see article)\nUnfortunately chickadee and titmouse habitat often overlaps with House Wren\nhabitat.\n\nAvoid crowded single boxes: House Wren populations may have grown in some\nareas due to the proliferation of tiny ornamental boxes in backyards. The\nBluebird Recovery Association of Wisconsin found that crowded single boxes\n(multiple boxes 100 feet to 100 yards apart) seemed to attract both House\nWrens and House Sparrows. There were fewer HOWR in boxes 100 yards apart (and\nmore bluebirds.) Abundant boxes may create more problems for the declining\nBewick's Wren. (There is a report in Bent that Tree Swallows and House Wrens\noccupied different compartments of the same Purple Martin house.)\n\nRemove extra boxes: An alternative approach is to have fewer boxes, so House\nWren populations don't explode, and the HOWR don't attack neighbors' nests.\nFor example, just have one box in a yard, and use a wren guard on it once an\negg is laid.\n\nAvoid slot, Gilbertson and Gilwood boxes especially near typical wren habitat.\nThe slot opening seems to make it easy for House Wrens to bring sticks in,\nwhich may make the box more attractive. House Wrens may also be attracted to\nGilwood boxes, which have a larger opening. Both the Gilwood and Gilbertson\nhave small interiors. Try boxes with larger floor size, as House Wrens may\nprefer smaller floors. However, I did see a House Wren dummy nest in a Zuern\ntree branch box. Avoid gourds hung on trees: House Wrens seem to be attracted\nto these. (Unfortunately, harmless Carolina Wrens also like them.) Also, it is\nnot possible to clean out natural gourds.\n\nPaint the exterior white, avoid red or green. In one study, when HOWR were\ngiven a choice of red, yellow, blue, white and green nesting boxes, they\npreferred red and green, and used white the least. (McCabe, 1960.)\n\nOpen or plug box. Plug up a nestbox (a $1.79 rubber drain plug works well)\nwhere you have found dummy nests, or leave the door to the box open for 3-7\ndays up to 2 weeks if House Wrens attempt to claim the box. The problem with\nthis method is that it may encourage the wren to attempt to claim another\nnestbox that has other birds actively nesting in it.\n\nDummy nests (no lined nest cup with feathers or eggs) may be removed and\ndestroyed. Dummy nests generally consist of loose sticks only (no lining of\nfeathers or fibers.) They seem to sometimes (but not always) lack the white\nfuzzy spider cocoons that House Wrens use on active nests.\n\nA nest with a lining would be considered an active nest and must be left alone\nunder the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. You can assume a nest is a dummy if it\nhas no eggs in it after 3 weeks. DO try to determine that the source is a\nHouse Wren, and not a Bewick's Wren, which is uncommon or in decline in some\nareas. More info on dummy nests.\n\nYou may need to repeatedly remove the sticks and twigs or a dummy nest, or\nleave the box open or plugged for a week or two. Removing sticks usually\nrequires daily visits, as a HOWR can fill up a box in a day. If they intend to\nuse the box for a nest (i.e., it was not a true dummy nest) the pair may begin\nrefilling the box within minutes. Don't put the sticks on the ground near the\nnest, as this makes HOWR reuse easier. Removing nests seems to deter HOWR less\nthan loss of eggs to a predator.\n\nOne of the reason I remove dummy nests is that other birds will avoid using a\nbox that has dummy nest sticks in it. However, note that removing sticks may\nsignal to another species that the box is available, setting them up for loss\nof eggs/young if the HOWR keeps trying to use the box.\n\nTry a modified Noel guard: Suggestion from Bernie Daniel: When a Chickadee or\nbluebird is established (i.e., a nest or eggs) build a \"vanity front porch\" on\nthe box for them. Cut an old 2 quart milk carton in half. Cut a 1.5' hole in\nthe bottom. Trim back the sides to about 4\" in depth (now you have created a\n4\" bowl with a hole the bottom.) Center the hole in the bottom of the former\nmilk carton over the nestbox hole and tack it onto the door. You can cut the\nbottom of the \"porch\" off so it is easier to attach and so that the Chickadee\nhas access to the wooden door -- but keep the sides and top in place.\n(Basically this is a just a plastic \"Noel guard\" with no bottom). This creates\na vestibule that prevents the wren for seeing the chickadee fly into the hole.\nThus, the wren has less interest in what the chickadee is doing. Daniel has\nnever lost a nest to wrens since using this method.\n\nKeep them busy: Put up a number of wren houses without predator guards in a\nvery small area in prime wren habitat, away from bluebird boxes. Then\ncontinually remove the dummy nests. This may keep the males occupied so they\ndon't have time to attack. Boxes should have 15/16\" holes. Tree Greenwood uses\n6-20 or more. If you do this where there are Bewick's Wrens, and House Wrens\nuse crowded boxes, it could contribute to further decline of the Bewick's,\nwhich does not compete well.\n\nClean out old nests: in some populations, cavities with HOWR nests are\npreferred over empty cavities, perhaps because they may indicate prior\nsuccessful use. Therefore, at the end of nesting season, clean out used nests.\n\nMount boxes higher up. Some (including me) have found mounting boxes at this\nheight is not a deterrent. HOWR have been reported nesting 10.5-30 feet high.\nThe NY Bluebird Society reported that house wrens have used kestrel boxes 17\nto 20 feet off the ground.On urban trails where boxes hang high in trees, but\naway from shrubbery, others find House Wrens are not generally a problem. For\nsome reason, House Wrens seldom nest in purple martin nestboxes, which are\ngenerally 12 feet or more off the ground.\n\n# WREN GUARDS\n\nTry a wren guard. To prevent House Wrens from using nestboxes, make the hole\n\"invisible\" by putting up a thin (view blocker) L-shaped piece of wood that\nextends from the front edge of the roof to just below the entrance hole. It\nneeds to be about as wide as the box front, and extend below the hole. The\nguard basically obscures the hole from view. See drawings and instructions\nbelow.\n\nThis clever device was invented by Bob Orthwein. Reports of effectiveness of\nthis measure are mixed - some have found them very successful. It may work\nbecause House Wrens tend to perch on the roof and then enter the box, or fly\nin from short distances.\n\nTIMING\n\n * DO NOT PUT IT UP BEFORE THE FIRST EGG to avoid abandonment. TIMING: Watch the box after installation to verify that the nester is able to enter. DO NOT PUT A WREN GUARD UP AFTER EGG LAYING IS OVER unless you VERIFY that the parents will enter the box, especially with other species like Tree Swallows! If the parents refuse to go inside to incubate, brood or feed, the eggs or babies WILL ALL DIE! Putting up a wren guard before egg laying begins may result in nest abandonment with some species (e.g., chickadees, titmice.)\n * Put up the guard after the first egg (or two or three) of the desired-cavity nester has been laid. This is because:\n\n 1. you want to the desired cavity nester to realize it is a nestbox;\n 2. if you put it on while they are checking it out or during nestbuilding, they may go elsewhere.\n 3. Once they lay an egg they are more \"committed\" to the box.\n\n 1. On occasion, people like Joan Watroba have put the guard up during nestbuilding by bluebirds BEFORE an egg was laid, and have had it accepted, especially if the parents are tolerant of monitoring, but try to avoid this.\n 2. Pam heard HOWR singing and put up both a hole reducer and a wren guard before the chickadees laid eggs. It was accepted by both the male and female after three attempts and a lot of \"Dee-dee-deeing,\" and they went on to lay eggs.\n 4. They have more time to get used to it without interrupting incubation, brooding or feeding and\n 5. You can confirm acceptance by seeing a new egg the next day\n * Per above, DO NOT WAIT till you HEAR House Wrens if the box is in House Wren territory (e.g., near brush/wooded areas.)\n * DO NOT WAIT until you HEAR House Wrens - sometimes the male does not sing when he first arrives in an area. (I often only realize they are in town when I catch them checking out boxes with my motion-activated birdcam.)\n\n * I tried a wren guard after a House Wren began removing a chickadee nest from a box. The wren flew right underneath the guard. Perhaps they only work or are MORE likely to work if they are put up before the wren has entered a box, AND in a box that a House Wren has not nested in previously. On other occasions, House Wrens that had already entered a box left it alone after a wren guard was installed - maybe the guard made it too inconvenient.\n * Remove the guard when bluebird hatchlings are about 4-7 days old, as it may interfere with fledging. In addition, the female has to clamber to get into the box under the guard, which slows her down. It's also probably somewhat easier for the parents to feed without the guard in place. (For smaller nestlings like chickadees or titmice, wait about 2 weeks.)\n * Note: Wren guards may also deter Tree and Violett-green swallows from harassing nesting bluebirds.\n * Some bluebirds may learn to better defend their eggs/young after a initial House Wren attack. A wren guard may help, even though they appear to be less effective after a HOWR has attacked once. The problem is that House Wrens are VERY quick and sneaky.\n\nCONSTRUCTION AND INSTALLATION\n\n * Ideally the guard should be made of the same material as the box so it blends in. In a pinch you can even make a temporary one with a piece of cardboard attached with duct tape.\n * It should block the view of the hole, and be a little wider than the hole on both sides.\n * Position it just below the hole, and as close to the front of the box as possible to still allow the nester to enter - Orthwein recommended 2.0 to 2.25\" away from the entrance hole - 2.5-3\" for bluebirds. I often put it even farther away to make it easier on the parents.\n * It is harder to monitor the box with a guard installed if it has a front-opening door. A bendable connection to the roof (like a piece of tin) will allow it to flex when you open the door for monitoring.\n * You have to make your own, as they are not commercially available, in part because boxes are so variable. (Bluebird Loves, which is apparently out of business, used to sell one designed especially for their box.)\n * If you have a Jack Finch box with a metal roof, Horace Sher suggests a 3\" x 4\"piece of cardboard fit in between the metal roof cover and the actual roof.\n * Also see untested variation which I did not find successful.\n\nAcceptance of wren guards different species: by Black-capped Chickadees\n(BCCH), Carolina Chickadees, Tufted Titmice and Eastern Bluebirds has been\ndocumented.\n\n * Different species and Individual birds can vary in terms of \"nervousness.\" It may take the parents minutes to hours to adjust to a change like this. This is why it's generally best to put it up while eggs are still being laid, so you don't interrupt incubation, and can confirm acceptance when the next egg is laid. See drawing and more photos below.\n * Chickadees: When I put a guard up on one chickadee box after eggs had been laid, it was accepted in less than one minute. Another BCCH took 7 attempts in 7 minutes (she was already incubating, but the top of this guard was shiny metal which may have been a problem.) One person reported 24 attempts by a chickadee until it actually entered the hole.\n * Bluebirds tend to be more tolerant than other species of box changes, and it may even be wise to put up the wren guard as soon as the bluebirds start a nest, since once the House Wren finds the box, the guard is less effective at deterring them. A few people report individual female bluebirds that will not accept them. I have seen females accept them more quickly than males.\n * Tufted Titmice: I have had titmice abandon nests before eggs are laid, so I strongly recommend waiting for an egg.\n * Tree Swallow: Darlene Sillick has used them successfully on Tree Swallow nestboxes. I definitely recommend installing it during egg laying. I lost a nest of Tree Swallow hatchlings during cold weather when the parents refused to accept it. Ideally, watch the box to confirm acceptance (even if it means waiting an hour.)\n\nWREN GUARDS - see drawing\n\nPhoto on left with permission from Bluebird Love, Inc, photo on right of Wren\nGuard on Loren Hughes Slot box. Photo by the Hughes. \n--- \n \nFemale Bluebird going under a Wren Guard. Click on photo for larger version.\nPhoto by Cher Layton of The Bluebird Nut Cafe.\n\nNote: Some people have found that wren guards also help with deterring\nharassment by House Sparrows.\n\nOn a box with a large roof overhang, or on a Peterson box, try a wren guard\nwith \"ears\" (side guards) that wrap around the sides too - the Missouri\nBluebird Society has found this is more effective in deterring House Wrens. \n \nDrawing of Wren Guard\n\nDrawing by Yvonne Domings. Photo above showing side and front view of an\ninstalled wren guard courtesy of Loren Hughes. \n \nINSTRUCTIONS:\n\nDistance from front to guard should be 2.5\" for bluebirds. 2.0 to 2.25\" is\nokay for smaller birds like chickadees. I usually put them a bit further out\n(3-4\")\n\n * You can make a wren guard out of paint sticks. One person made one out of a cereal box (put the plain side facing out), which was flexible enough for a front opening box, and endured rainy weather. The guard doesn't have to last forever, since you remove it when the nestlings are 4-7 days old.\n * Some people are experimenting successfully with wren guards that also have sides on them (e.g., Dick Tuttle tried plastic landscape edging that curves). However, others report that Black-capped chickadees enter from the sides.\n\nMaking your own wren guard:\n\nMaterials:\n\n * 1 precut piece of aluminum step flashing (costs about 20 cents - some come pre-bent\n * 1 white cedar shim shingles (a set of about 6 costs about $1.20) or piece of lightweight wood\n * 6 very short screws\n * 3 slightly longer screws (that will attach guard to roof.)\n\n 1. Bend the flashing at a 90 degree angle in the middle if it did not come pre-bent.\n\n 2. Cut two pieces of shim shingles - #1 to secure the guard to the roof, and #2 to hang in front of the entrance hole. #2 should be slightly wider than the box, and extend just below the hole. (You can also punch holes in the flashing and attach that directly to the roof.)\n\n 3. Using two short screws, attach the flashing to the inside of piece #1. Predrill holes so you don't split narrow wood. Make sure screw ends don't poke out.\n\n 4. Measure guard on box, to ensure that the distance between piece #2 and the front of the box will 2.5\" for bluebirds, or 2.0 to 2.25\" for smaller birds like chickadees.\n\n 5. Screw #2 to flashing (flashing on inside, facing box, wood side facing out).\n\n 6. Screw #1 to the roof of the box, using 3 screws in a triangle to help hold it in place. #2 should hang dead vertical in front of the box entrance. Double check distance.\n\n 7. Remember to remove the guard after babies are 4-7 days old to make it easier for adults to feed and babies to fledge.\n\nOther suggestions on deterring wrens:\n\n * Try putting a nestbox very close to an active House Wren nest (i.e., 1 to 5 meters) as the Wrens MAY avoid it, perhaps because they are inhibited from pecking eggs near their nest, again perhaps to keep their own eggs from being destroyed (Pribil & Picman 1992.) The researchers found a box 15-25 m away from an active HOWR nest was MORE likely to be attacked. The study by Pribil showed that wren depredation seldom if ever occurs if the other birds' nestbox is closer than 3 to 16 feet of the wren's nest. If you're experiencing egg-pecking, find the wren's nest and either move your nestbox in close to it, or move it out over 130 feet. Some research indicates that wrens destroy others nests only when they have their own nest within 20 ft to 30 ft of another nest.\n\n * (Jimmy Dodson of MO reported no attacks in a paired box situation, with Tree Swallow eggs in one, and HOWR eggs in a box 10 feet away that were laid before the TRES started laying).\n * Orthwein Raised Roof nestbox: A raised roof nestbox designed by Bob Orthwein, who also designed the Wren Predator Guard. Dr. Berner tested it and did not find it very effective.\n * In some studies, male HOWRs attacked eggs only before pairing, and females only before laying. (Hannon and Cotterill 1998, Kennedy and White 1996, White and Kennedy 1997)\n * If House Wrens begin nesting later than bluebirds in your area (this is generally the case in Connecticut), remove/plug/leave open nestboxes after the first bluebird nesting is complete. Of course this makes the boxes unavailable for a potential second/third brood of bluebirds.\n * Remove the predator guard from a box occupied by nesting House Wrens.\n * If eggs were laid and the door to the nestbox left open, it might prevent incubation, however this would probably be considered \"harassment\" under the Migratory Bird Treaty Act. Once the eggs hatch, the HOWR is not likely to abandon.\n * Construct decorative bird houses without a floor so they are not used by House Wrens or House Sparrows.\n * If bluebirds have claimed the box (before eggs are laid), plug up the hole in late morning after each egg is laid, and then unplug it in the evening until laying is finished (4-5 eggs?)\n\n * Note: This seems time consuming; House Wrens may still peck eggs after laying is complete while parents are out foraging; and I don't know whether this might lead to nest abandonment.\n * If wrens are nesting in one box, and filling up other boxes in their line of sight with dummy nests, try moving the other boxes (so visibility is blocked.) I have NO idea whether this would work.\n * Half Circle Wren Guard: At the 2004 NABS convention, a new style of wren guard was on display. It is a c-shaped wooden arch (same thickness as front panel) that is placed over the top of (and lined up with) the entrance hole. It does not block the view of the hole like a traditional wren guard. Supposedly it makes it difficult or impossible for wrens to enter the box, since they cling to the bottom of the entrance hole with a twig in their beak, and the extra thickness prevents them from getting closer to the box while still holding the twig. However, wrens rotate the twig in their beak so the twig sticks out like a drinking straw and then enters the box. Also, if they can still enter the box and destroy eggs and young nestlings, it might not be worthwhile. Additional information on the performance of this approach is desired - if you have experience, please contact me. To make one, take a square block of wood, put a 1 1/2 inch entrance hole in the middle of it, and then saw it in to two pieces where the saw cut would be through the center of the entrance hole. This would make two guards where each could be installed, with two nails or screws, as an \"arch\" above your present nestboxes entrances. For doors that open from the bottom, make sure the arch doesn't interfere with opening. Not suitable for a Gilwood box.\n\n * Testing: I tried this guard on three boxes. Two of the boxes had been occupied by House Wrens the prior year; both were occupied in the subsequent years despite the guard. Experience with the box may have overcome any deterrent effect it might have had. I put it on a third chickadee nestbox near House Wren territory and the chickadees hatched successfully. It took the incubating female three flights over an 8 minute period to check it out before accepting the guard. After the chickadees had fledged, a House Wren placed sticks in the box. Personally, I doubt whether any wren guards work well once a House Wren has discovered a box.\n\nWhat usually doesn't work:\n\n * I am not aware of any \"wren-proof\" or even wren-resistant bluebird nestbox. I don't know of any cavity nesters that are smaller than a House Wren, so they can fit in any hole another bird could get through.\n * Extra boxes: Some people put up additional wren boxes/gourds closer to brush, at least 120 feet away from other nestboxes. Holes should be 15/16 of an inch to exclude House Sparrows. However, this can be expected to increase your local wren population and future nestbox competition as a result. Dean Sheldon found that: \"This works well for the FIRST GENERATION of HOWR nesters, but....after the fledging of the HOWR chicks, the parents move on out into unexplored territory and will, then, occupy the nest boxes in the open areas. In addition, the young of those first/second nestings may well return to their natal site next year to further exacerbate the HOWR occupancy of the entire territory.\" Predation may be highest in areas where the population is highest, so increasing the local population would only make things worse. See Keep Them Busy option.\n * Apparently monofilament and sparrow spookers do NOT deter House Wrens.\n * Skylights (part Plexiglas roofs) in hanging boxes or open topped boxes also do not effectively deter House Wrens.\n * Placing a tin/tub of water on the nestbox floor does not deter wrens, as they may build their nest on top of the container.\n * A small rubber snake. I put one with it's head and tongue sticking out of the hole in a box where House Wrens had started building. They were curious, but appeared unafraid, and within a minute or so tried to pull the rubber snake out through the hole. Eventually they built their nest right on top of it.\n * Hanging boxes. HOWR will use them.\n * Thick wooden guards placed over the face of the nestbox hole do not deter HOWR.\n * A mirror inside the box doesn't deter House Wrens.\n\nOther points of interest:\n\n * The first year on my trail I had, I did not have any House Wrens nesting. The next year, one box was occupied by House Wrens. The following year, there were 13 active or dummy wren nests. I no longer allow them to use my nestboxes, by leaving the door open if they attempt to claim a box.\n * Once wren egg laying is complete, destructive tendencies may subside. In three studies, researchers found that males attacked eggs only before pairing up with a female, and females only attacked eggs only before the laying period. However, there are anecdotal accounts of egg destruction outside of those time frames.\n\n * However, after laying their own eggs, one person reported HOWR destroying nuthatch eggs in a nest 60 feet away.\n * A researcher at Michigan State University put plastic \"craft store\" eggs in a fake nest in a nestbox. The next time the boxes were checked, all the eggs were out of the boxes. They had to wire the eggs in place, even then all the eggs had holes pierced in them. Not all boxes that had eggs removed were used for nesting.\n * House Wrens nestlings are prone to premature fledging if the box is monitored too late in the cycle. Several people have captured and returned a prematurely fledged birds to the nest and they remained (unlike prematurely fledged bluebird nestlings, which typically will not remain in the box.)\n * It's possible that nuthatches may coat the entrance of their cavities with pitch to deter HOWR. Nuthatches enter the hole without touching the sides.\n * Wrens can enter the side ventilation holes on a Gilbertson PVC box.\n * There are some anecdotal reports that HOWR move further into open areas later in the nesting season.\n * I believe forest fragmentation is probably creating more habitat for House Wrens, which may be resulting in population increases in some areas. More on forest fragmentation.\n * Usurpation of nest sites by House Wrens, sometimes accompanied by destruction of eggs or nestlings, is primary source of nesting failure for other cavity-nesting species, including Prothonotary Warbler, Tree Swallow, chickadees, and bluebirds (Walkinshaw 1941, Kluyver 1961, Brewer 1963, Finch 1990, Rendell and Robertson 1990, Tuttle 1991, Brush 1994, Flashpoler 1996).\n * \"Damage by wrens may be reduced in Black-capped Chickadees, Tufted Titmice and other parids by concealing eggs under nest material during the laying period. To test if eggs were protected by covering, prelaying wrens were challenged for 1 day with a set of two boxes placed 1 m from their nest, one with two artificial eggs (miniature marshmallows) lightly covered under fur, the other with two artificial eggs in an open cup. Results varied with stage of nest-building; in 41 trials where both exposed eggs were removed, covered eggs remained in only 4 of 15 (27%) trials near early nests containing few sticks, but in 17 of 26 (65%) trials near more advanced nests. To assess effects of nest site, a box with a cup nest was placed in each of three habitats 10 or 20 m from 29 wren nests. After 1 day of habituation, two artificial eggs were placed in each nest and left exposed for 1 day. Boxes in woodland interiors were less likely than boxes in fields and along edges to be visited by wrens at least once over 2 days (66 vs. 97% visited) and were less likely to have eggs removed (10 vs. 83% removed). Competitors for nesting cavities also may escape attacks by wrens through differences in breeding period, active defense of territories or nests, or renesting.\" (Effect of Egg Covering and Habitat on Nest Destruction by House Wrens Douglas W. White, E. Dale Kennedy The Condor, Vol. 99, No. 4 (Nov., 1997), pp. 873-879)\n\nHouse Wren Nesting Timetable: See House Wren Biology\n\nLinks for more information:\n\n * Video of House Wren? removing Bluebird nestlings from box\n\n * House wren nest, eggs and young photos (Sialis.org)\n\n * House Wren (ID and song)\n\n * House Wren - info, song, description from Cornell website\n\n * House Wren by Lisa Mitchell\n\n * House Wren, AC Bent's Life Histories of Familiar North American Birds\n\n * Wren species ID (E-Nature)\n\n * Wren Guards by Bob Orthwein\n\n * Down with the House Wren Boxes by Althea Sherman\n\n * The Great Wren Debate Revisited - by Barbara Boyle\n\n * House Wrens and open-topped nest boxes by Kevin Berner\n\n * Nestbox Competition - Sialis.org\n\n * Bluebird_L discussion on Problems with House Wrens on Bluebird Trails\n\n * Article by Karen Lippy in defense of House Wrens\n\n * Wrens - Pennsylvania Game Commission\n\n * Wren maneuvering a stick into a box (video clip - The Bluebird Nut) and audio files of song and chatter.\n\n * House Wren song recorded by Cher Layton, The Bluebird Nut\n\n * Video clip of HOWR attacking eggs\n\n * Dummy and Abandoned Nests, Sialis.org\n\n * Nest and Egg ID (with links to species biology and photos of nests, eggs and young) for other small cavity nesters\n\n * Forest fragmentation - impacts, our Better Nature\n\n * Selection of Nest Boxes by Wrens, McCabe, Robert, July 1961, Dept. of Forestry and Wildlife Management, University of Wisconsin, published in Condor, Vol.63, p. 322-329, retrieved from https://sora.unm.edu/sites/default/files/journals/condor/v063n04/p0322-p0329.pdf\n\n * Belles-Isles, J.C., and J. Picman. 1986. House Wren nest-destroying behavior. Condor 88: 190-193.\n\n * Pribil S. and J. Picman, 1992. Why House Wrens destroy clutches of other birds: a support for the nest site competition hypothesis. Condor 93: 184-185.\n\n * Pribil S., date? An Effective Trap for the House Wren, North American Bird Bander, Vol.22, No.1, p. 6 - 9\n\nWhat was the tiny gremlin doing, tail in the air? - Andre Dion, The Return of\nthe Bluebird, 1981 \n \nHOME | Basics | Resources | House Sparrows | House Wrens | Nest/Egg ID | Site\nMap and Search | Suet Recipes | Tree Swallows | Contact me\n\nBluebird Conservation\n\nMay all your blues be birds!\n\nIf you experience problems with the website/find broken links/have\nsuggestions/corrections, please contact me! The purpose of this site is to\nshare information with anyone interested in bluebird conservation. Feel free\nto link to it (preferred as I update content regularly), or use text from it\nfor personal or educational purposes, with a link back to\nhttp://www.sialis.org or a citation for the author. No permission is granted\nfor commercial use. Appearance of automatically generated Google or other ads\non this site does not constitute endorsement of any of those services or\nproducts!\n\nPhoto in header by Wendell Long. © Original photographs are copyrighted, and\nmay not be used without the express permission of the photographer. Please\nhonor their copyright protection. See disclaimer, necessitated by today's\nsadly litigious world. Last updated February 22, 2018. Design by Chimalis.\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://michiganbluebirds.org:80/problem-solving",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180118135107/http://michiganbluebirds.org:80/problem-solving",
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"title": "Problem Solving",
"passages": [
"A number of challenging issues can come up in trying to have successful bluebird nests. This is why it is critically important to monitor your nest boxes regularly so you know that problems exist and then can take steps to resolve them. Below is a list of the main challenges and what you can do to prevent or solve the problems.....",
"bluebirds. Insect Pests - insects or arthropods that infest the nest. Nest Box Competitors - birds or mammals that may nest in the box too. Predation - birds or animals that prey on the bluebirds or their eggs. Poor Weather - a common occurrence in spring.",
"Of all the problems faced by bluebird landlords, house sparrows are easily the worst. House Sparrows (HOSP's) are an overly aggressive, alien species of bird that prefers similar habitats and nesting locations as bluebirds. The male sparrow is particularly nasty and will often kill not just the young bluebirds but even the adults and eggs too. House Sparrows MUST be controlled in the habitat your nest boxes are placed in to ensure the nesting success of bluebirds.",
"The Michigan Bluebird Society is providing this information on House Sparrow control to let you know that there are options available when dealing with sparrow problems. Given the widespread problems caused by House Sparrows, MBS advises that it is the responsibility of every nest box trail operator to ensure that no House Sparrows fledge from their boxes. It is better to have no nest box than to have one which fledges sparrows.",
"NOTE: House Sparrows are a non-native, alien species of bird that is NOT protected by any Federal or State laws. Therefore, it is 100% legal to trap these birds in your yard without a permit, if you prefer this option.",
"About House Sparrows House Sparrows are the among the most abundant birds in North America and the most widely distributed birds on the planet. House Sparrows are not actually sparrows, but are Old World Weaver Finches, a family of birds noted for their ingenious nest-building abilities.",
"History House Sparrows were introduced into North America from England in the 1850s on the mistaken premise that they would help reduce crop insect pests. At first, the new immigrants welcomed this little bird of their homeland. Within 25 years, however, they realized the seriousness of their mistake: the House Sparrow population had increased at an explosive and alarming rate, and the birds were causing extensive damage to crops and fruit trees. They were also taking over the nesting sites of native cavity-nesting birds.",
"Life and Habits The breeding season for House Sparrows begins early in the spring or even in midwinter, and each pair may produce up to four broods a season. The male House Sparrow's bond with his nest site is stronger than his bond with a mate. In other words, he may lose a mate, but he won't give up his nest site. Although they usually prefer to nest in a cavity, House Sparrows will settle for any nook or cranny they can find. They will also occasionally nest in coniferous trees and in the nests of Cliff Swallows and Northern Orioles.",
"The male constructs a bulky, dome-shaped nest of coarse grasses, weeds, hair, junk, and feathers. The female lays three to five white/brown speckled eggs and incubates for 11-14 days. The young sparrows fledge after 14-16 days. They are not migratory, but flocks of birds move about within a 1.5-2mi. area. House Sparrows are primarily seed-eaters, although they eat some insects during the summer. They will also dine on garbage. Feedlots and farmsteads are particularly attractive to sparrows as they provide an abundant source of food, as well as shelter and plenty of nesting sites.",
"How To Control Sparrows Control of sparrows in a yard or on a bluebird trail can be either PASSIVE (taking preventative measure when placing the box to deter sparrow use) or AGGRESSIVE (taking measures after the box is in place and sparrows are using it).",
"1. BOX LOCATION Box location is the most crucial factor in controlling sparrows on a bluebird trail. The House Sparrow's Latin name, Passer domesticus, aptly describes its preferred nesting habits - around houses. Avoid placing boxes near farmsteads, feedlots, barns, old out-buildings, etc. Boxes placed in or around villages, towns or cities will likely be claimed by House Sparrows. If sparrows do take up residence, one option is to relocate the box to a site farther away from human occupation. Being out in the open far away from dense cover or buildings of any kind is the best defense against sparrows.",
"Sparrows may avoid a nesting site if the box is placed too low to the ground (3 to 5 feet). However, since boxes placed this low run the risk of being predated by raccoons, cats, or other climbing predators this is a feasible option where there are no climbing predators.",
"2. PLUGGING THE ENTRANCE HOLE Plugging the entrance hole of a box taken over by sparrows will prevent the male from using that specific box, and might even encourage him to move elsewhere. Some bluebird trail operators plug the entrance hole at the end of the nesting season and leave it plugged until the bluebirds arrive in the spring. This will prevent sparrows from roosting in the box during the winter, and then staking an early claim in the spring.",
"3. USE OF GILBERTSON PVC BOXES Although Gilbertson PVC boxes are not 100% sparrow resistant, House Sparrows seem to be reluctant to use them. It is thought that the shallow depth of the box, combined with the plastic wall material is not like by sparrows. If PVC boxes are paired with a wooden box, sparrows tend to choose the wooden box. If you are trying to attract bluebirds in an area where you suspect sparrow problems, it might be wise to start off with the PVC box.",
"4. ELIMINATING FEEDING AREAS, ROOSTING AND NESTING SITES Problems with sparrows can be reduced if the overall, local House Sparrow population can be reduced. This can be achieved by taking control measures at bird feeding stations (use of sparrow-proof feeders; avoiding cheap, mixed bird seed that contains a high percentage of filler grains, such as milo, millet or cracked corn; or use of monofilament line around seed feeders), as well as sealing up all potential winter roosting and summer nesting sites. Look for potential gaps, large crevices, ledges, and openings in any sheds or outbuildings on your property and plug them up.",
"5. CLEANING OUT THE SPARROW NEST The sparrows will build the nest each day and you will need to remove it from the box each time. Keep doing this as long as it takes for the sparrow to either give up or run out of time to build a viable nest. Note that a sparrow nest will typically fill up the entire box and is very messy compared with a bluebird nest or most any other native species of bird. It often contains mixtures of materials including plastic and garbage. They can often rebuild a nest within a day, so persistence is required.",
"6. LEAVE THE SIDE/FRONT OF THE BOX OPEN If sparrows are persistent and removing the nest isn't doing any good, try leaving the side panel (or front if the box front opens) open for several days. Sparrows will not build a nest in a space that is wide open, so this may cause them to go away so that the bluebirds can move in.",
"One passive device which has a good track record of success in discouraging house sparrows from taking over boxes is the Sparrow Shield (available from our store). It is based on a now discontinued product called the Magic Halo. The Shield is basically an aluminum metal ring suspended by a bracket above the nesting box roof. And hanging from the ring are 4 weighted monofilament lines that extend below the bottom of the box. The vertical hanging lines force a bird to fly between them to enter the box. It’s been found that House Sparrows dislike doing this while bluebirds and other native birds don’t mind it. The key for this product to work though is that it must be installed on the house before the sparrows claim the box. If they are already established sitting on the box or building a nest, the Shield may not work. Sometimes the Shield will not discourage highly persistent sparrows. But, it has been proven to work in many instances.",
"Another device that is similar to the Sparrow Shield is the Sparrow Chaser (available from our store). It is based on a similar product generically called the Sparrow Spooker. However, the Chaser is designed to protect an active bluebird or swallow nest (one with eggs or young) from sparrow incursions. Like the Shield, it has a metal ring suspended above the nesting box with a wood bracket that attaches to the back. Hanging from the ring are a group of mylar strips that almost reach the rooftop and blow in the wind. The house sparrows dislike this because it scares them a little and keeps them from perching on the roof. The key is to install the Chaser ONLY after the bluebirds have built a nest and have either eggs or young in the box. Otherwise, it might spook them away from the box too.",
"1. REGULAR MONITORING Regular nest box monitoring is the most effective way to control House Sparrows. If sparrow nests are regularly removed, no young will fledge from the box. However, the male will tenaciously defend his box, and will usually keep rebuilding his nest. He will also drive off any other bird that might show an interest in the box. Therefore, it is important to eliminate the male. This is usually accomplished using an in-box trap.",
"2. IN-BOX TRAPPING Two traps that work well are the basic Universal In-Box Trap and the Gilbertson House In-Box Trap. Do not set a in-box trap until a sparrow has laid claim to that box. Once he has claimed it, he will not allow any other species inside. The male sparrow will be more likely to enter the box if a small amount of nesting material is left in the bottom or tucked in the entrance hole. However, be careful that the nesting material does not interfere with the trap. The trap must be checked at least every two hours because there is the remote possibility that a bluebird or other native cavity-nester may have entered the box. If a sparrow is trapped in the box, you must use a lot of caution in trying to get it out of the box. They are very adept at slipping through the smallest openings.",
"To remove a trapped House Sparrow from a box, place a clear garbage bag over the entire box being careful to cinch the bag around the pole so there are no gaps for the sparrow to slip through. Slowly open the box up. The sparrow should fly out and get trapped by the plastic bag. Isolate the sparrow in a part of the bag by holding onto it. Then, take the entire bag off the box with the sparrow inside it. This is a much easier method than trying to reach into the box and catch the sparrow by hand.",
"NOTE: House Sparrows are very wary by nature and will sometimes be hesitant to go into a box after a trap is installed. But, be persistent. Eventually, they will overcome this wariness and enter the box. Trial and error is often required to entice the sparrow into the box.",
"Since House Sparrows are classified as pests and are not protected by federal law, they should be quickly and humanely euthanized as soon as they are captured. Do not consider relocating the bird, as this just relocates the problem. The dead sparrows can be frozen and given to raptor recovery centers to feed their injured raptors.",
"A. Ground Traps: These traps are easy to construct, and can hold a large number of birds. Approximately 10 birds should be kept in the cage trap at all times to act as decoys. These decoys can be attracted into the trap by baiting them with white feathers, grain, bread scraps, white proso millet, mixed bird seed or cracked corn in it. A small mirror placed in the bait compartment of the trap helps to lure the sparrow in. Food, water, and shelter must be provided at all times. Since sparrows are gregarious, the success of cage traps depends on the birds being attracted to the food and to each other. For this reason, the trap works least effectively in areas with a high initial population. Used continuously once the population is under control, its effectiveness, though varied throughout the course of the year, is usually consistent. These traps are especially effective during the winter, and when juvenile birds are abundant in mid summer.",
"B. Cage Traps: Basically, these consist of nest boxes atop a wire cage. The nest box has as hinged floor, which tips the bird down into the cage below.",
"C. Drop traps, which simply drop down over a flock of feeding sparrows, can also be used once the sparrows are coming into an area regularly to feed.",
"D. Self-Resetting or Repeating Live Trap. This is a repeatable trap that has a small \"catcher\" area that opens through a one-way trap door to a large holding pen. This permits the capture of a large number of birds. Like the ground trap, it works better if you keep one or two live birds in the trap to entice other sparrows inside. You can buy this trap at www.sparrowtraps.net.",
"** IMPORTANT ** ALL traps can catch bluebirds and other native birds as easily as sparrows. Therefore it is critically important to always monitor traps and NEVER leave them unattended for long periods of time. Catching a native species of bird may cause undue harm or stress to them if left in a trap too long.",
"1. Blowflies - blowfly infestations can occur in any nestbox and is somewhat unpredictable. It's really the blowfly larvae that are the problem. The adults lay the eggs in the nest, which then hatch into larvae which feed off the blood of young birds. They reside underneath the nest during the day, and then crawl upward to attach themselves to the young birds in the evening. If an infestation is bad enough, it can severely deplete the young birds of blood, and may even cause death. Blowfly infestations seem to be more common in wetter nests combined with hotter weather.",
"When monitoring boxes, make sure to look under the nests, especially after the young have hatched. The best way to solve blowfly problems is to remove the larva from the nest. This can be done by lifting up the nest and sweeping them out of the box. Also, you may need to gently shake the nest to remove more larva which may be caught in the nesting material. You may also need to actually remove them from the young directly. The larva will usually come off easily with minimal pulling.",
"If the infestation is bad enough, you may need to actually replace the nest. This can be done by gently putting the young in a holding tray, while taking out the old nest. Then, just fashion a round nest from dry grasses and put it in the box. Don't worry about making it perfect - the female will fix it to her liking upon returning to the box. Then, return the nestlings to the box. Make sure to dispose of the old nest well away from the nestbox so that it doesn't attract predators.",
"2. Buffalo Gnats - these are basically another name for black flies, of which there are around 30 separate species. They can be a very serious risk for young birds because of their ability to bite. Their razor-like mouth parts are used to slash the skin and feed on blood. If young birds are bitten enough, it can cause death - either from blood loss, suffocation, toxemia caused by the bites, or anaphylactic shock. Bluebirders in several states, most notably Wisconsin, Minnesota, and Michigan have reported significant losses of baby birds due to these gnats.",
"The gnats breed in rivers and streams, but can travel miles from these areas as adults. They live for about 3 weeks, but can be a problem for much of the later spring and summer months. It's possible that certain environmental conditions can contribute to them being worse in certain years than others. They are most active several hours after sunrise and several hours after sunset.",
"Because it's often difficult to tell whether they're around nest boxes, prevention is the best option. The gnats are attracted to the carbon dioxide in the breath of warm-blooded animals as well as dark colors. So, prevention methods are mainly important after the young have hatched and before fledging. Here are some steps that can greatly reduce or prevent loss of young birds to Buffalo Gnats:",
"Apply pure vanilla extract (not synthetic or imitation) to the box outside around the entrance hole and ventilation gaps twice a week.",
"Spray pyrethrin (a natural insecticide) based product like Flys Away II or Flys X on the outside of the box. Spray the inside of the box front and walls if the exterior treatment does not work well. Do NOT get it on the baby birds directly. Cover them up if necessary while treating the box.",
"3. Ants - ants will sometimes infest bluebird boxes. In this part of the country, they don't usually result in deaths of the young birds, but it is still possible. The risk is usually the highest after the young hatch. You can eliminate this problem by either coating the bottom of the pole with Tanglefoot or Vaseline, or a safe insecticide like pyrethrin. You need to reapply these treatments after awhile though, as they will wear off after a time.",
"4. Mites - feather mites are not usually fatal to the birds, but can be an irritant to them. Usually, there isn't much you can do until the birds leave the nest. Then, remove the old nest and wash out the interior of the nest box with a 10% bleach/water solution. Rinse it out thoroughly and let it dry before remounting the nest box. Don't worry about getting them on your hands, as feather mites are completely harmless to people.",
"5. Wasps - certain species of wasps like to attach their paper nests to the sheltered, horizontal surfaces of bluebird nest boxes. The underside of the roof is the most common spot. Wasps will force bluebirds to abandon the nest box, so it is wise to prevent them from building a nest. You can always just remove the nests, but they may rebuild it later. The best preventative step is to coat the underside of the roof with Ivory bar soap. This prevents the wasp's paper nest from sticking to the wood.",
"1. Mice - mice can sometimes infest nest boxes left out in the winter. If mice have nested in a box, you need to remove the nest carefully. Deer mice and some other species are known to carry a disease called hantavirus. Hantavirus can be fatal to humans, so it is VERY important to take precautions when getting mice out of box. Always wear rubber gloves and a breathing mask. Second, use a 10% bleach/water solution to soak the nest prior to removing it. Use a spray bottle and let the solution soak in for about 15 minutes before removal. Then, sweep out the inside of the box, spray it again, flip up the side/front of the box, and let it sit open for several days to dry out.",
"Boxes which get infested by mice are usually ones adjacent to fields or on fence posts. If the same boxes keep getting invaded by mice, open up the boxes all winter (since the mice won't nest in an open box) or just bring the box inside the garage for the winter.",
"2. House Wrens - MBS is including this section under Problem Solving so people who want to attract bluebirds are aware of the risks of having nesting House Wrens in the same vicinity. House Wrens are documented destroyers of eggs and even hatchlings of many other nesting bird species - including bluebirds. Bluebirders will often find eggs below the box that have been pierced and sometimes even young birds either missing or on the ground dead. And these are often boxes protected against climbing predators with baffles.",
"House wrens are a native cavity nesting bird that prefers brushy, dense-cover filled habitats. They are widespread throughout North America and are becoming more common in many areas. They build nests in cavities (like nesting boxes) made almost completely of sticks. The cavity is typically filled to the top. The male will often build multiple \"dummy\" nests in a yard and allow the female to select one. Active wren nests will have a feather or spider web lined area near the lower back part of the nest, and may include 6-8 brown speckled eggs or more.",
"The big problem is that House Wrens are usually (not always) not tolerant of other bird species nesting nearby. This is what is believed to cause them to destroy the eggs and young of other nearby birds - even ones that don't nest in tree cavities. Therefore, if you want to attract bluebirds to nest, it is advisable that you take some or all of the following steps to avoid the loss of eggs and young birds to wren attacks:",
"(NOTE: House Wrens are native birds and are therefore protected by Federal and State laws under the Migratory Bird Act. Trapping, hunting, or the destruction of active nests is not permitted)",
"Place bluebird boxes away from deciduous trees and closer to pines and evergreens, or simply way out in the open.",
"Avoid nesting box types with larger openings like the slot design. This allows the wren to more easily enter the box with large sticks.",
"Remove all dummy wren nests from your bluebird boxes. (Again, dummy nests will have no eggs, young, or lined portion of the nest near the bottom)",
"Consider putting a wren guard on your bluebird boxes ONLY AFTER the first egg has been laid. For details on how to do this, see Wren Guards at www.sialis.org.",
"3. Other Cavity Nesting Birds (other than wrens) - Please go to our page Other Cavity Nesting Birds for a description of each species you are likely to have nest in a bluebird box.",
"NOTE: You MUST monitor your nest boxes in order to become aware of whether your boxes are vulnerable to predators. Below is a summary of the major types of predators that can attack nesting boxes to go after adults, young, or eggs.",
"1. Hawks - Cooper's Hawks, and Sharp-Shinned hawks are two common predators of smaller birds. Coopers are especially common in open country and wide open habitats. It's basically impossible to prevent this type of predation. It's natural and will occur on occasion. But, compared to the other types of predation, you shouldn't lose much sleep over it.",
"2. Cats - feral or house cats that are left outside are a MAJOR threat to not only your bluebirds, but all nesting birds. Domesticated cats are NOT natural predators and do not belong in the natural habitat despite what their owners may believe. It has been proven through research that outdoor cats kill millions of native birds every year. As far as bluebird boxes go, cats usually lurk nearby and leap up at the box when birds are leaving or entering. First, if you own a cat, keep him or her indoors at least during nesting season. If your neighbors have cats that wander into your yard all the time, try speaking with them about keeping their cats inside. Otherwise, the best strategy is to place you bluebird nesting boxes as far out in the open as you can away from high grass, weeds, or other cover. Cats don't like to be out in the middle of the yard in an unprotected area. They use stealth to approach their prey. So, making this very difficult will really help. Last, sometimes you can affix wide baffles to the pole to prevent cats from easily jumping up to the nest box. It would need to be at least 3 feet in diameter to do any good however.",
"3. Squirrels/Chipmunks - small mammals like squirrels and chipmunks are nest robbers that will sometimes steal eggs from boxes. They will also sometimes take over nesting boxes to live in. Flying squirrels are especially likely to do this. The main solutions are to A) put your nest box out in the open away from woods and trees, and B) put a climbing guard or baffle on the pole to prevent mammals from climbing them. Cylindrical metal baffles are best placed about 4 feet off the ground. Any lower than this and squirrels can often jump above them.",
"4. Snakes - there are several species of snakes in Michigan large enough to eat birds and their eggs. Rat or bull snakes are two of them. The good news is that they're not terribly common, so this type of predation is not your biggest worry. Snakes are a much larger problem in the southern U.S. Again, the best defense is a predator guard with a solid top so the snakes can climb the pole. Also, snakes don't like to move across open stretches of lawn. So, this is another good reason to locate your nest boxes away from thick brush, weeds, and high grass where snakes are more likely to be.",
"5. Raccoons - these climbing mammals are one of the biggest predators you need to be concerned with. They can't jump, but are adept climbers. They can shimmy up most round metal or wooden poles. Because raccoons are nocturnal, most bluebird landlords are not aware of their presence. The main evidence that they've found a nest, is that the nest has been disturbed and partially torn apart, with dirty foot marks on the pole. Often, broken egg pieces are found under the pole. Raccoons will keep coming back to a nest box once they've found food there once. So, this is yet another critical reason why you need to monitor your bluebird housing regularly. This is the only way you'll know there's a raccoon problem and enable you to prevent it from happening in the future.",
"There are several possible solutions. First, put a metal raccoon baffle on the pole to prevent them from climbing the pole. This is the most effective way. The baffle should be a cylinder at least 24\" high. You can either buy them at birdfeeding supply stores or make your own from stove pipe material at the home center. Second, you can grease the pole to prevent raccoons from climbing it. This can work for the short term, but will wear off over time. Third, you can put a guard over the entrance hole of the nest box to prevent raccoons from reaching into the interior of the box. This basically increases the reach distance into the box so far, that the raccoon can't reach the nest. These can work, but you should not put them on the box until the bluebird has started laying eggs. Otherwise, they may be scared off from the box.",
"Here is an informative article for a simple and inexpensive metal stovepipe baffle you can make for around $10 to $12 from material at a home center. It has complete instructions and list of material.",
"Cowbirds - these native birds are actually nest parasites in that they lay their eggs in the nests of other species to get them to raise the cowbird chicks. Typically, cowbirds lay one whitish/brown speckled egg in the other birds nest which usually hatches first. This is a problem because the cowbird chick is most often larger than the host bird young and will out-compete them for food from the parents. This can cause the nest to fledge less young. Cowbird eggs and bluebird eggs are about the same size.",
"It is not common for cowbirds to lay eggs in bluebird nest boxes. However, it does happen. Sometimes, this may result in bluebirds abandoning the nest, but not always. Technically, being a native bird, cowbird eggs are protected by law once in the nest. However, some landlords will remove them. Check with the Michigan DNR for current policies regarding the removal of cowbird eggs.",
"Long cool stretches of wet weather are one of the major causes of nest failures. When these weather conditions persist for too long, bluebirds have difficulty finding food. This will eventually weaken the adults and prevent them from having the energy to feed hatched young. The result is that the bluebirds will stop feeding the young in order to save themselves.",
"The only thing you can do in this situation is to use supplemental feeding to give the bluebirds another source of food. Live meal worms can be offered in a separate feeder nearby. See the section on feeding meal worms or wax worms. Also, you can offer scrambled eggs too. Both foods should be fed in an open tray made of metal, glass, or plastic. This food may be the difference in their survival pending the return of warmer weather. For more information, see our page on Feeding Bluebirds.",
"To improve the nesting success of the Eastern Bluebird & other native cavity- nesting birds in the state of Michigan through education of our members and the general public, as well as promoting active nest box management and habitat improvement.",
"If you would like someone to do an interesting program on bluebirds for your group,contact MBS to schedule a day and time. We can do talks to nature groups, civic organizations, schools, gardenclubs, etc. in most areas of the state. Go to our Contact Us page, and send a message to the Coordinator for your county. If there is not one for your county, contact Kurt Hagemeister, MBS President."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Problem Solving\n\n# MICHIGAN BLUEBIRD SOCIETY\n\n## Experiencing the Joy of Bluebirds!\n\n## How To Solve Problems That Come Up....\n\nA number of challenging issues can come up in trying to have successful\nbluebird nests. This is why it is critically important to monitor your nest\nboxes regularly so you know that problems exist and then can take steps to\nresolve them. Below is a list of the main challenges and what you can do to\nprevent or solve the problems.....\n\n#### House Sparrows - the #1 challenge to successfully fledging more\nbluebirds. Insect Pests - insects or arthropods that infest the nest. Nest Box\nCompetitors - birds or mammals that may nest in the box too. Predation - birds\nor animals that prey on the bluebirds or their eggs. Poor Weather - a common\noccurrence in spring.\n\n## House Sparrows\n\nOf all the problems faced by bluebird landlords, house sparrows are easily the\nworst. House Sparrows (HOSP's) are an overly aggressive, alien species of bird\nthat prefers similar habitats and nesting locations as bluebirds. The male\nsparrow is particularly nasty and will often kill not just the young bluebirds\nbut even the adults and eggs too. House Sparrows MUST be controlled in the\nhabitat your nest boxes are placed in to ensure the nesting success of\nbluebirds.\n\nThe Michigan Bluebird Society is providing this information on House Sparrow\ncontrol to let you know that there are options available when dealing with\nsparrow problems. Given the widespread problems caused by House Sparrows, MBS\nadvises that it is the responsibility of every nest box trail operator to\nensure that no House Sparrows fledge from their boxes. It is better to have no\nnest box than to have one which fledges sparrows.\n\nNOTE: House Sparrows are a non-native, alien species of bird that is NOT\nprotected by any Federal or State laws. Therefore, it is 100% legal to trap\nthese birds in your yard without a permit, if you prefer this option.\n\nAbout House Sparrows House Sparrows are the among the most abundant birds in\nNorth America and the most widely distributed birds on the planet. House\nSparrows are not actually sparrows, but are Old World Weaver Finches, a family\nof birds noted for their ingenious nest-building abilities.\n\nHistory House Sparrows were introduced into North America from England in the\n1850s on the mistaken premise that they would help reduce crop insect pests.\nAt first, the new immigrants welcomed this little bird of their homeland.\nWithin 25 years, however, they realized the seriousness of their mistake: the\nHouse Sparrow population had increased at an explosive and alarming rate, and\nthe birds were causing extensive damage to crops and fruit trees. They were\nalso taking over the nesting sites of native cavity-nesting birds.\n\nLife and Habits The breeding season for House Sparrows begins early in the\nspring or even in midwinter, and each pair may produce up to four broods a\nseason. The male House Sparrow's bond with his nest site is stronger than his\nbond with a mate. In other words, he may lose a mate, but he won't give up his\nnest site. Although they usually prefer to nest in a cavity, House Sparrows\nwill settle for any nook or cranny they can find. They will also occasionally\nnest in coniferous trees and in the nests of Cliff Swallows and Northern\nOrioles.\n\nThe male constructs a bulky, dome-shaped nest of coarse grasses, weeds, hair,\njunk, and feathers. The female lays three to five white/brown speckled eggs\nand incubates for 11-14 days. The young sparrows fledge after 14-16 days. They\nare not migratory, but flocks of birds move about within a 1.5-2mi. area.\nHouse Sparrows are primarily seed-eaters, although they eat some insects\nduring the summer. They will also dine on garbage. Feedlots and farmsteads are\nparticularly attractive to sparrows as they provide an abundant source of\nfood, as well as shelter and plenty of nesting sites.\n\nHow To Control Sparrows Control of sparrows in a yard or on a bluebird trail\ncan be either PASSIVE (taking preventative measure when placing the box to\ndeter sparrow use) or AGGRESSIVE (taking measures after the box is in place\nand sparrows are using it).\n\nPASSIVE CONTROL\n\n1\\. BOX LOCATION Box location is the most crucial factor in controlling\nsparrows on a bluebird trail. The House Sparrow's Latin name, Passer\ndomesticus, aptly describes its preferred nesting habits - around houses.\nAvoid placing boxes near farmsteads, feedlots, barns, old out-buildings, etc.\nBoxes placed in or around villages, towns or cities will likely be claimed by\nHouse Sparrows. If sparrows do take up residence, one option is to relocate\nthe box to a site farther away from human occupation. Being out in the open\nfar away from dense cover or buildings of any kind is the best defense against\nsparrows.\n\nSparrows may avoid a nesting site if the box is placed too low to the ground\n(3 to 5 feet). However, since boxes placed this low run the risk of being\npredated by raccoons, cats, or other climbing predators this is a feasible\noption where there are no climbing predators.\n\n2\\. PLUGGING THE ENTRANCE HOLE Plugging the entrance hole of a box taken over\nby sparrows will prevent the male from using that specific box, and might even\nencourage him to move elsewhere. Some bluebird trail operators plug the\nentrance hole at the end of the nesting season and leave it plugged until the\nbluebirds arrive in the spring. This will prevent sparrows from roosting in\nthe box during the winter, and then staking an early claim in the spring.\n\n3\\. USE OF GILBERTSON PVC BOXES Although Gilbertson PVC boxes are not 100%\nsparrow resistant, House Sparrows seem to be reluctant to use them. It is\nthought that the shallow depth of the box, combined with the plastic wall\nmaterial is not like by sparrows. If PVC boxes are paired with a wooden box,\nsparrows tend to choose the wooden box. If you are trying to attract bluebirds\nin an area where you suspect sparrow problems, it might be wise to start off\nwith the PVC box.\n\n4\\. ELIMINATING FEEDING AREAS, ROOSTING AND NESTING SITES Problems with\nsparrows can be reduced if the overall, local House Sparrow population can be\nreduced. This can be achieved by taking control measures at bird feeding\nstations (use of sparrow-proof feeders; avoiding cheap, mixed bird seed that\ncontains a high percentage of filler grains, such as milo, millet or cracked\ncorn; or use of monofilament line around seed feeders), as well as sealing up\nall potential winter roosting and summer nesting sites. Look for potential\ngaps, large crevices, ledges, and openings in any sheds or outbuildings on\nyour property and plug them up.\n\n5\\. CLEANING OUT THE SPARROW NEST The sparrows will build the nest each day\nand you will need to remove it from the box each time. Keep doing this as long\nas it takes for the sparrow to either give up or run out of time to build a\nviable nest. Note that a sparrow nest will typically fill up the entire box\nand is very messy compared with a bluebird nest or most any other native\nspecies of bird. It often contains mixtures of materials including plastic and\ngarbage. They can often rebuild a nest within a day, so persistence is\nrequired.\n\n6\\. LEAVE THE SIDE/FRONT OF THE BOX OPEN If sparrows are persistent and\nremoving the nest isn't doing any good, try leaving the side panel (or front\nif the box front opens) open for several days. Sparrows will not build a nest\nin a space that is wide open, so this may cause them to go away so that the\nbluebirds can move in.\n\n7\\. SPARROW SHIELD\n\nOne passive device which has a good track record of success in discouraging\nhouse sparrows from taking over boxes is the Sparrow Shield (available from\nour store). It is based on a now discontinued product called the Magic Halo.\nThe Shield is basically an aluminum metal ring suspended by a bracket above\nthe nesting box roof. And hanging from the ring are 4 weighted monofilament\nlines that extend below the bottom of the box. The vertical hanging lines\nforce a bird to fly between them to enter the box. It’s been found that House\nSparrows dislike doing this while bluebirds and other native birds don’t mind\nit. The key for this product to work though is that it must be installed on\nthe house before the sparrows claim the box. If they are already established\nsitting on the box or building a nest, the Shield may not work. Sometimes the\nShield will not discourage highly persistent sparrows. But, it has been proven\nto work in many instances.\n\n8\\. SPARROW CHASER\n\nAnother device that is similar to the Sparrow Shield is the Sparrow Chaser\n(available from our store). It is based on a similar product generically\ncalled the Sparrow Spooker. However, the Chaser is designed to protect an\nactive bluebird or swallow nest (one with eggs or young) from sparrow\nincursions. Like the Shield, it has a metal ring suspended above the nesting\nbox with a wood bracket that attaches to the back. Hanging from the ring are a\ngroup of mylar strips that almost reach the rooftop and blow in the wind. The\nhouse sparrows dislike this because it scares them a little and keeps them\nfrom perching on the roof. The key is to install the Chaser ONLY after the\nbluebirds have built a nest and have either eggs or young in the box.\nOtherwise, it might spook them away from the box too.\n\n#### AGGRESSIVE CONTROL\n\n1\\. REGULAR MONITORING Regular nest box monitoring is the most effective way\nto control House Sparrows. If sparrow nests are regularly removed, no young\nwill fledge from the box. However, the male will tenaciously defend his box,\nand will usually keep rebuilding his nest. He will also drive off any other\nbird that might show an interest in the box. Therefore, it is important to\neliminate the male. This is usually accomplished using an in-box trap.\n\n2\\. IN-BOX TRAPPING Two traps that work well are the basic Universal In-Box\nTrap and the Gilbertson House In-Box Trap. Do not set a in-box trap until a\nsparrow has laid claim to that box. Once he has claimed it, he will not allow\nany other species inside. The male sparrow will be more likely to enter the\nbox if a small amount of nesting material is left in the bottom or tucked in\nthe entrance hole. However, be careful that the nesting material does not\ninterfere with the trap. The trap must be checked at least every two hours\nbecause there is the remote possibility that a bluebird or other native\ncavity-nester may have entered the box. If a sparrow is trapped in the box,\nyou must use a lot of caution in trying to get it out of the box. They are\nvery adept at slipping through the smallest openings.\n\nTo remove a trapped House Sparrow from a box, place a clear garbage bag over\nthe entire box being careful to cinch the bag around the pole so there are no\ngaps for the sparrow to slip through. Slowly open the box up. The sparrow\nshould fly out and get trapped by the plastic bag. Isolate the sparrow in a\npart of the bag by holding onto it. Then, take the entire bag off the box with\nthe sparrow inside it. This is a much easier method than trying to reach into\nthe box and catch the sparrow by hand.\n\nNOTE: House Sparrows are very wary by nature and will sometimes be hesitant to\ngo into a box after a trap is installed. But, be persistent. Eventually, they\nwill overcome this wariness and enter the box. Trial and error is often\nrequired to entice the sparrow into the box.\n\nSince House Sparrows are classified as pests and are not protected by federal\nlaw, they should be quickly and humanely euthanized as soon as they are\ncaptured. Do not consider relocating the bird, as this just relocates the\nproblem. The dead sparrows can be frozen and given to raptor recovery centers\nto feed their injured raptors.\n\n3\\. MULTI-BIRD TRAPPING There are several ways to trap a large number of\nbirds:\n\nA. Ground Traps: These traps are easy to construct, and can hold a large\nnumber of birds. Approximately 10 birds should be kept in the cage trap at all\ntimes to act as decoys. These decoys can be attracted into the trap by baiting\nthem with white feathers, grain, bread scraps, white proso millet, mixed bird\nseed or cracked corn in it. A small mirror placed in the bait compartment of\nthe trap helps to lure the sparrow in. Food, water, and shelter must be\nprovided at all times. Since sparrows are gregarious, the success of cage\ntraps depends on the birds being attracted to the food and to each other. For\nthis reason, the trap works least effectively in areas with a high initial\npopulation. Used continuously once the population is under control, its\neffectiveness, though varied throughout the course of the year, is usually\nconsistent. These traps are especially effective during the winter, and when\njuvenile birds are abundant in mid summer.\n\nB. Cage Traps: Basically, these consist of nest boxes atop a wire cage. The\nnest box has as hinged floor, which tips the bird down into the cage below.\n\nC. Drop traps, which simply drop down over a flock of feeding sparrows, can\nalso be used once the sparrows are coming into an area regularly to feed.\n\nD. Self-Resetting or Repeating Live Trap. This is a repeatable trap that has a\nsmall \"catcher\" area that opens through a one-way trap door to a large holding\npen. This permits the capture of a large number of birds. Like the ground\ntrap, it works better if you keep one or two live birds in the trap to entice\nother sparrows inside. You can buy this trap at www.sparrowtraps.net.\n\n\\----------------------------------------\n\n** IMPORTANT ** ALL traps can catch bluebirds and other native birds as easily\nas sparrows. Therefore it is critically important to always monitor traps and\nNEVER leave them unattended for long periods of time. Catching a native\nspecies of bird may cause undue harm or stress to them if left in a trap too\nlong.\n\n\\---------------------------------------\n\n## Insect Pests\n\n1\\. Blowflies - blowfly infestations can occur in any nestbox and is somewhat\nunpredictable. It's really the blowfly larvae that are the problem. The adults\nlay the eggs in the nest, which then hatch into larvae which feed off the\nblood of young birds. They reside underneath the nest during the day, and then\ncrawl upward to attach themselves to the young birds in the evening. If an\ninfestation is bad enough, it can severely deplete the young birds of blood,\nand may even cause death. Blowfly infestations seem to be more common in\nwetter nests combined with hotter weather.\n\nWhen monitoring boxes, make sure to look under the nests, especially after the\nyoung have hatched. The best way to solve blowfly problems is to remove the\nlarva from the nest. This can be done by lifting up the nest and sweeping them\nout of the box. Also, you may need to gently shake the nest to remove more\nlarva which may be caught in the nesting material. You may also need to\nactually remove them from the young directly. The larva will usually come off\neasily with minimal pulling.\n\nIf the infestation is bad enough, you may need to actually replace the nest.\nThis can be done by gently putting the young in a holding tray, while taking\nout the old nest. Then, just fashion a round nest from dry grasses and put it\nin the box. Don't worry about making it perfect - the female will fix it to\nher liking upon returning to the box. Then, return the nestlings to the box.\nMake sure to dispose of the old nest well away from the nestbox so that it\ndoesn't attract predators.\n\n2\\. Buffalo Gnats - these are basically another name for black flies, of which\nthere are around 30 separate species. They can be a very serious risk for\nyoung birds because of their ability to bite. Their razor-like mouth parts are\nused to slash the skin and feed on blood. If young birds are bitten enough, it\ncan cause death - either from blood loss, suffocation, toxemia caused by the\nbites, or anaphylactic shock. Bluebirders in several states, most notably\nWisconsin, Minnesota, and Michigan have reported significant losses of baby\nbirds due to these gnats.\n\nThe gnats breed in rivers and streams, but can travel miles from these areas\nas adults. They live for about 3 weeks, but can be a problem for much of the\nlater spring and summer months. It's possible that certain environmental\nconditions can contribute to them being worse in certain years than others.\nThey are most active several hours after sunrise and several hours after\nsunset.\n\nBecause it's often difficult to tell whether they're around nest boxes,\nprevention is the best option. The gnats are attracted to the carbon dioxide\nin the breath of warm-blooded animals as well as dark colors. So, prevention\nmethods are mainly important after the young have hatched and before fledging.\nHere are some steps that can greatly reduce or prevent loss of young birds to\nBuffalo Gnats:\n\n * * Plug up ventilation gaps at the top of the box with screening to prevent flies from entering.\n * * Apply pure vanilla extract (not synthetic or imitation) to the box outside around the entrance hole and ventilation gaps twice a week.\n * * Spray pyrethrin (a natural insecticide) based product like Flys Away II or Flys X on the outside of the box. Spray the inside of the box front and walls if the exterior treatment does not work well. Do NOT get it on the baby birds directly. Cover them up if necessary while treating the box.\n * * Consider painting the outside of the box white.\n\n3\\. Ants - ants will sometimes infest bluebird boxes. In this part of the\ncountry, they don't usually result in deaths of the young birds, but it is\nstill possible. The risk is usually the highest after the young hatch. You can\neliminate this problem by either coating the bottom of the pole with\nTanglefoot or Vaseline, or a safe insecticide like pyrethrin. You need to\nreapply these treatments after awhile though, as they will wear off after a\ntime.\n\n4\\. Mites - feather mites are not usually fatal to the birds, but can be an\nirritant to them. Usually, there isn't much you can do until the birds leave\nthe nest. Then, remove the old nest and wash out the interior of the nest box\nwith a 10% bleach/water solution. Rinse it out thoroughly and let it dry\nbefore remounting the nest box. Don't worry about getting them on your hands,\nas feather mites are completely harmless to people.\n\n5\\. Wasps - certain species of wasps like to attach their paper nests to the\nsheltered, horizontal surfaces of bluebird nest boxes. The underside of the\nroof is the most common spot. Wasps will force bluebirds to abandon the nest\nbox, so it is wise to prevent them from building a nest. You can always just\nremove the nests, but they may rebuild it later. The best preventative step is\nto coat the underside of the roof with Ivory bar soap. This prevents the\nwasp's paper nest from sticking to the wood.\n\n## Nest Box Competitors\n\n1\\. Mice - mice can sometimes infest nest boxes left out in the winter. If\nmice have nested in a box, you need to remove the nest carefully. Deer mice\nand some other species are known to carry a disease called hantavirus.\nHantavirus can be fatal to humans, so it is VERY important to take precautions\nwhen getting mice out of box. Always wear rubber gloves and a breathing mask.\nSecond, use a 10% bleach/water solution to soak the nest prior to removing it.\nUse a spray bottle and let the solution soak in for about 15 minutes before\nremoval. Then, sweep out the inside of the box, spray it again, flip up the\nside/front of the box, and let it sit open for several days to dry out.\n\nBoxes which get infested by mice are usually ones adjacent to fields or on\nfence posts. If the same boxes keep getting invaded by mice, open up the boxes\nall winter (since the mice won't nest in an open box) or just bring the box\ninside the garage for the winter.\n\n2\\. House Wrens - MBS is including this section under Problem Solving so\npeople who want to attract bluebirds are aware of the risks of having nesting\nHouse Wrens in the same vicinity. House Wrens are documented destroyers of\neggs and even hatchlings of many other nesting bird species - including\nbluebirds. Bluebirders will often find eggs below the box that have been\npierced and sometimes even young birds either missing or on the ground dead.\nAnd these are often boxes protected against climbing predators with baffles.\n\nHouse wrens are a native cavity nesting bird that prefers brushy, dense-cover\nfilled habitats. They are widespread throughout North America and are becoming\nmore common in many areas. They build nests in cavities (like nesting boxes)\nmade almost completely of sticks. The cavity is typically filled to the top.\nThe male will often build multiple \"dummy\" nests in a yard and allow the\nfemale to select one. Active wren nests will have a feather or spider web\nlined area near the lower back part of the nest, and may include 6-8 brown\nspeckled eggs or more.\n\nThe big problem is that House Wrens are usually (not always) not tolerant of\nother bird species nesting nearby. This is what is believed to cause them to\ndestroy the eggs and young of other nearby birds - even ones that don't nest\nin tree cavities. Therefore, if you want to attract bluebirds to nest, it is\nadvisable that you take some or all of the following steps to avoid the loss\nof eggs and young birds to wren attacks:\n\n(NOTE: House Wrens are native birds and are therefore protected by Federal and\nState laws under the Migratory Bird Act. Trapping, hunting, or the destruction\nof active nests is not permitted)\n\n * Place all bluebird boxes at least 200-300 feet away from dense cover, and shrubbery.\n * Place bluebird boxes away from deciduous trees and closer to pines and evergreens, or simply way out in the open.\n * Avoid nesting box types with larger openings like the slot design. This allows the wren to more easily enter the box with large sticks.\n * Remove all dummy wren nests from your bluebird boxes. (Again, dummy nests will have no eggs, young, or lined portion of the nest near the bottom)\n * Do NOT put out hanging or tree mounted wren nesting boxes in your yard.\n * Consider putting a wren guard on your bluebird boxes ONLY AFTER the first egg has been laid. For details on how to do this, see Wren Guards at www.sialis.org.\n\n3\\. Other Cavity Nesting Birds (other than wrens) - Please go to our page\nOther Cavity Nesting Birds for a description of each species you are likely to\nhave nest in a bluebird box.\n\n## Predation\n\nNOTE: You MUST monitor your nest boxes in order to become aware of whether\nyour boxes are vulnerable to predators. Below is a summary of the major types\nof predators that can attack nesting boxes to go after adults, young, or eggs.\n\n1\\. Hawks - Cooper's Hawks, and Sharp-Shinned hawks are two common predators\nof smaller birds. Coopers are especially common in open country and wide open\nhabitats. It's basically impossible to prevent this type of predation. It's\nnatural and will occur on occasion. But, compared to the other types of\npredation, you shouldn't lose much sleep over it.\n\n2\\. Cats - feral or house cats that are left outside are a MAJOR threat to not\nonly your bluebirds, but all nesting birds. Domesticated cats are NOT natural\npredators and do not belong in the natural habitat despite what their owners\nmay believe. It has been proven through research that outdoor cats kill\nmillions of native birds every year. As far as bluebird boxes go, cats usually\nlurk nearby and leap up at the box when birds are leaving or entering. First,\nif you own a cat, keep him or her indoors at least during nesting season. If\nyour neighbors have cats that wander into your yard all the time, try speaking\nwith them about keeping their cats inside. Otherwise, the best strategy is to\nplace you bluebird nesting boxes as far out in the open as you can away from\nhigh grass, weeds, or other cover. Cats don't like to be out in the middle of\nthe yard in an unprotected area. They use stealth to approach their prey. So,\nmaking this very difficult will really help. Last, sometimes you can affix\nwide baffles to the pole to prevent cats from easily jumping up to the nest\nbox. It would need to be at least 3 feet in diameter to do any good however.\n\n3\\. Squirrels/Chipmunks - small mammals like squirrels and chipmunks are nest\nrobbers that will sometimes steal eggs from boxes. They will also sometimes\ntake over nesting boxes to live in. Flying squirrels are especially likely to\ndo this. The main solutions are to A) put your nest box out in the open away\nfrom woods and trees, and B) put a climbing guard or baffle on the pole to\nprevent mammals from climbing them. Cylindrical metal baffles are best placed\nabout 4 feet off the ground. Any lower than this and squirrels can often jump\nabove them.\n\n4\\. Snakes - there are several species of snakes in Michigan large enough to\neat birds and their eggs. Rat or bull snakes are two of them. The good news is\nthat they're not terribly common, so this type of predation is not your\nbiggest worry. Snakes are a much larger problem in the southern U.S. Again,\nthe best defense is a predator guard with a solid top so the snakes can climb\nthe pole. Also, snakes don't like to move across open stretches of lawn. So,\nthis is another good reason to locate your nest boxes away from thick brush,\nweeds, and high grass where snakes are more likely to be.\n\n5\\. Raccoons - these climbing mammals are one of the biggest predators you\nneed to be concerned with. They can't jump, but are adept climbers. They can\nshimmy up most round metal or wooden poles. Because raccoons are nocturnal,\nmost bluebird landlords are not aware of their presence. The main evidence\nthat they've found a nest, is that the nest has been disturbed and partially\ntorn apart, with dirty foot marks on the pole. Often, broken egg pieces are\nfound under the pole. Raccoons will keep coming back to a nest box once\nthey've found food there once. So, this is yet another critical reason why you\nneed to monitor your bluebird housing regularly. This is the only way you'll\nknow there's a raccoon problem and enable you to prevent it from happening in\nthe future.\n\nThere are several possible solutions. First, put a metal raccoon baffle on the\npole to prevent them from climbing the pole. This is the most effective way.\nThe baffle should be a cylinder at least 24\" high. You can either buy them at\nbirdfeeding supply stores or make your own from stove pipe material at the\nhome center. Second, you can grease the pole to prevent raccoons from climbing\nit. This can work for the short term, but will wear off over time. Third, you\ncan put a guard over the entrance hole of the nest box to prevent raccoons\nfrom reaching into the interior of the box. This basically increases the reach\ndistance into the box so far, that the raccoon can't reach the nest. These can\nwork, but you should not put them on the box until the bluebird has started\nlaying eggs. Otherwise, they may be scared off from the box.\n\nHere is an informative article for a simple and inexpensive metal stovepipe\nbaffle you can make for around $10 to $12 from material at a home center. It\nhas complete instructions and list of material.\n\nCowbirds - these native birds are actually nest parasites in that they lay\ntheir eggs in the nests of other species to get them to raise the cowbird\nchicks. Typically, cowbirds lay one whitish/brown speckled egg in the other\nbirds nest which usually hatches first. This is a problem because the cowbird\nchick is most often larger than the host bird young and will out-compete them\nfor food from the parents. This can cause the nest to fledge less young.\nCowbird eggs and bluebird eggs are about the same size.\n\nIt is not common for cowbirds to lay eggs in bluebird nest boxes. However, it\ndoes happen. Sometimes, this may result in bluebirds abandoning the nest, but\nnot always. Technically, being a native bird, cowbird eggs are protected by\nlaw once in the nest. However, some landlords will remove them. Check with the\nMichigan DNR for current policies regarding the removal of cowbird eggs.\n\nFor more information on predator control, Click Here to download the North\nAmerican Bluebird Society's factsheet on Predator Control.\n\n## Poor Weather\n\nLong cool stretches of wet weather are one of the major causes of nest\nfailures. When these weather conditions persist for too long, bluebirds have\ndifficulty finding food. This will eventually weaken the adults and prevent\nthem from having the energy to feed hatched young. The result is that the\nbluebirds will stop feeding the young in order to save themselves.\n\nThe only thing you can do in this situation is to use supplemental feeding to\ngive the bluebirds another source of food. Live meal worms can be offered in a\nseparate feeder nearby. See the section on feeding meal worms or wax worms.\nAlso, you can offer scrambled eggs too. Both foods should be fed in an open\ntray made of metal, glass, or plastic. This food may be the difference in\ntheir survival pending the return of warmer weather. For more information, see\nour page on Feeding Bluebirds.\n\nPlan To Attend The...\n\n2018 SPRING BLUEBIRD FESTIVAL\n\nSaturday March 24, 2018\n\nWashtenaw Community College, Ann Arbor\n\nMark your calendar now!\n\nClick Here For Details!\n\nOUR MISSION\n\nTo improve the nesting success of the Eastern Bluebird & other native cavity-\nnesting birds in the state of Michigan through education of our members and\nthe general public, as well as promoting active nest box management and\nhabitat improvement.\n\nGIFTS FOR BLUEBIRD LOVERS!\n\nVISIT OUR STORE\n\nProceeds go to help bluebird conservation.\n\nBuy Bluebird Stuff Here\n\nBuy Gift Memberships Here\n\nMBS Does Bluebird Programs\n\nIf you would like someone to do an interesting program on bluebirds for your\ngroup,contact MBS to schedule a day and time. We can do talks to nature\ngroups, civic organizations, schools, gardenclubs, etc. in most areas of the\nstate. Go to our Contact Us page, and send a message to the Coordinator for\nyour county. If there is not one for your county, contact Kurt Hagemeister,\nMBS President.\n\nBluebird Landlord\n\nDownload A Free 4 Page Guide\n\nAll MBS Downloads\n\n### Featured Michigan Nature Center...\n\nBoardman River Nature Center\n\n### Traverse City, MI\n\n### Send In Your 2017 Nesting Report...\n\nMBS Needs Your Nest Box Nesting Data! See Monitoring page for complete\ninformation!\n\nDownload & Print 2017 Data Form! Return via snail mail\n\nDownload 2017 Data Excel Spreadsheet! Return via email\n\n### THANK YOU\n\n### BUSINESS MEMBERS...\n\n### Wild Birds Unlimited\n\nof Ann Arbor, MI\n\n### The Sidock Group\n\nNovi, Muskegon, Wyandotte\n\n### Wild Birds Unlimited\n\nof Brighton, MI\n\n### Wild Birds Unlimited\n\nof Macomb, MI\n\n### Wild Birds Unlimited\n\nof Novi, MI\n\n### WoodCraft Kits\n\nHaslett, MI\n\nSupport MBS\n\n### Join....\n\n###### Sponsored by the Cornell Lab of Ornithology\n\nReceive Our Newsletter..\n\nThe Bluebird Flyer Join MBS Today!\n\nJoin The Bluebird Discussion!\n\nOn The MBS Facebook Page\n\n(Note: To post, you will need to join the group)\n\nJoin\n\nJoin\n\nCopyright © 2018 Michigan Bluebird Society. All Rights Reserved.\n\n##### Privacy Policy Terms of Use Site Map\n\nCopyright © 2017. Michigan Bluebird Society\n\nCustom layout courtesy of ecowebdesign.com\n\n"
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770,546 | How To Get Rid of White Tongue | To get rid of a white tongue, stay hydrated, reduce your intake of alcohol, and if you're a smoker, consider quitting. Also, stay on top of your oral hygiene, and be sure to brush your tongue gently with your toothbrush to loosen dead cells, bacteria, and debris. After you brush, gargle with a strong antiseptic mouthwash or salt water solution to kill any remaining bacteria. If you're experiencing other symptoms, like a swollen, painful tongue, a burning sensation, or fever, it's best to see a doctor. | [
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"White tongue is a coating of debris, bacteria and dead cells on your tongue that makes it look white. Although the appearance of white tongue may be alarming, the condition is usually harmless and temporary. However, white tongue can be an indication of some serious conditions, ranging from infection to a precancerous condition.",
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"parsed_md": "White tongue - MayoClinic.com\n\n * Patient Care\n\n * Request an Appointment\n * Log in to Patient Account\n * See Treatment & Diagnosis Services\n * Plan Your Visit\n * Find a Doctor\n * Download Mayo Clinic Patient App\n * Stories\n * Health Information\n\n * Diseases & Conditions A-Z\n * Symptom Checker\n * Drugs & Supplements A-Z\n * Tests & Procedures A-Z\n * Healthy Living\n * Expert Blogs\n * Mayo Clinic Store\n * For Medical Professionals\n\n * Online Services for Referring Physicians\n * Grand Rounds\n * Publications\n * Continuing Medical Education\n * Mayo Medical Laboratories\n * Patient Education Materials\n * Research\n\n * Explore Research Areas\n * Find Clinical Trials\n * Research Faculty\n * Postdoctoral Fellowships\n * Discovery’s Edge Magazine\n * Search Publications\n * Education\n\n * Mayo Graduate School\n * Mayo Medical School\n * Mayo School of Continuous Professional Development\n * Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education\n * Mayo School of Health Sciences\n * Alumni Center\n\n * Request an Appointment\n * Find a Doctor\n * Find a Job\n * Log in to Patient Account\n * Give to Mayo Clinic\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n\n * Diseases and Conditions\n * Symptoms\n * Drugs and Supplements\n * Tests and Procedures\n * Healthy Lifestyle\n * First Aid\n\n * Home\n * Symptoms\n * White tongue\n * Basics\n * Definition\n\n# White tongue\n\n * Basics\n * Resources\n\n * Definition\n * Causes\n * When to see a doctor\n\n#### Free\n\n### E-newsletter\n\n## Subscribe to Housecall\n\nOur weekly general interest e-newsletter keeps you up to date on a wide\nvariety of health topics.\n\nSign up now\n\n * ### RSS Feeds\n\nclose window\n\n## Mayo Clinic Housecall\n\n#### Stay up to date on the latest health information.\n\n### What you get\n\n * Free weekly e-newsletter\n * Mayo Clinic expertise\n * Recipes, tools and other helpful information\n * We do not share your e-mail address\n\n * Sign up\n\n# Definition\n\nBy Mayo Clinic staff\n\nWhite tongue is a coating of debris, bacteria and dead cells on your tongue\nthat makes it look white. Although the appearance of white tongue may be\nalarming, the condition is usually harmless and temporary. However, white\ntongue can be an indication of some serious conditions, ranging from infection\nto a precancerous condition.\n\nIf you're concerned about a white coating or white spots on your tongue,\ncontact your doctor or dentist.\n\nCauses\n\n * ### Mayo Clinic products and services\n\n * Book: Mayo Clinic Family Health Book, 4th Edition\n * Newsletter: Mayo Clinic Health Letter\n * Give today to find cures for tomorrow\n\nReferences\n\n 1. Reamy BV, et al. Common tongue conditions in primary care. American Family Physician. 2010;81:627.\n 2. Bhattacharyya I, et al. White lesions. Otolaryngologic Clinics of North America. 2011;44:109.\n 3. Lerman MA, et al. Generalized white appearance of the oral mucosa. The Journal of the American Dental Association. 2010;141:867.\n 4. Evaluation of the dental patient. The Merck Manuals: The Merck Manual for Healthcare Professionals. http://www.merckmanuals.com/professional/dental_disorders/approach_to_the_dental_patient/evaluation_of_the_dental_patient.html. Accessed Oct. 12, 2011.\n\nMY01011 Jan. 12, 2012\n\n© 1998-2013 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research (MFMER). All\nrights reserved. 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ANY\nUSE OF THIS SITE CONSTITUTES YOUR AGREEMENT TO THESE TERMS AND CONDITIONS OF\nUSE.\n\n© 1998-2014 Mayo Foundation for Medical Education and Research. All rights\nreserved.\n\nWe comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify\nhere. \n--- \n \nText Size: smaller largerlarger\n\n"
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4,750,245 | How To Do a Pap Smear | It might seem intimidating to get a pap smear, but it’s a normal procedure that’s important for your health. When you get to your appointment, be prepared to undress from the waist down. Lie on the examination and place your feet in the stirrups. When the doctor starts his examination, take a deep breath and try to relax. The exam will only take a few moments, during which time you may experience slight discomfort, or you might not feel much at all. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418055007/https://www.cancer.ca/en/cancer-information/diagnosis-and-treatment/tests-and-procedures/pap-test/?region=on",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20211029232956/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/vaccines/hpv-vaccine.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211102184943/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pelvic-exam/about/pac-20385135",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210729083017/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pap-smear/expert-answers/pap-smear/faq-20058344",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211021095048/https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/human-papillomavirus-(hpv)-and-cervical-cancer",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416185725/https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/treating.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200201192207/http://www.healthcommunities.com:80/gynecological-tests/pap-smear.shtml",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211014224656/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/stds-hiv-safer-sex/hpv/what-are-symptoms-hpv",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211021050540/https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/pap-smear/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210903154545/https://www.healthline.com/health/pap-smear",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160411045917/http://cervicalcancer.about.com/od/screening/a/papsmearexpect.htm",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20211108214205/https://www.medicinenet.com/pap_smear/article.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210920212452/https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/pap-test"
] | train | 24 | [
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"A Pap test is a procedure that removes a small sample of cells from the cervix. It is done to look for changes to the cells in the cervix.",
"Don’t use vaginal douches, vaginal medicines, vaginal sprays or powders, or contraceptive creams for at least 24 hours before your Pap test.",
"Don’t have a Pap test if you are being treated for a cervical or vaginal infection. Wait at least 2 weeks after treatment has ended before having a Pap test.",
"A Pap test may be done as part of a regular checkup or during a pelvic exam. It is usually done in a doctor’s or nurse’s office or in a clinic. It only takes a few minutes. You may feel some discomfort or pressure during the procedure, but it is not usually painful.",
"During a Pap test you lie on your back with your feet up in stirrups. The doctor or nurse places a speculum (a clear plastic or metal device) into the vagina. The speculum keeps the vagina open so they can see the upper part of the vagina and cervix. Using a small stick, spatula, and/or brush the doctor or nurse gently scrapes the surface of the cervix to pick up cells. Sometimes they will use a special brush to collect cells from the inner part of the cervix that leads into the uterus. Samples of cells from the vagina can also be taken during a Pap test.",
"The collected cells are placed in a special liquid. The sample is sent to a lab to be examined under a microscope. If the cells are placed in a container filled with a special liquid, it is called a liquid-based Pap test. The liquid containing the sample of cells may also be used to test for the human papillomavirus (HPV).",
"If your Pap test results are abnormal, it doesn’t always mean that you have a precancerous condition or cancer. Some abnormal cells return to normal on their own. Other abnormal cells or precancerous changes in the cervix or vagina may develop into cancer over time if they aren’t treated.",
"Abnormal cells in the cervix or vagina are classified based on the type of cell that has changed and how different they look from normal cells. How abnormal they are may be described as low or high grade.",
"Squamous cells come from the surface of the cervix or vagina. Glandular cells come from the inside of the cervical canal.",
"Squamous cell changes are described as squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL). SIL is described as low grade (least severe) or high grade (most severe).",
"Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) means the cells have mild changes in size and shape, caused by an HPV infection.",
"Atypical squamous cells (ASC-H) means the cells don’t look normal but it’s not clear what the changes mean. The abnormal cells could be a high-grade lesion.",
"High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) means there are abnormal or precancerous cells present and they have a higher chance of progressing to cancer.",
"Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) means there are cancer cells in the glandular tissue lining the inside of the cervix but there has been no spread into the deeper tissues of the cervix or surrounding tissue.",
"Infection with HPV is the most common cause of changes to cervical cells. Sometimes cells infected with HPV can become precancerous. Changes to the cervix may also be caused by:",
"Follow-up for an abnormal Pap test depends on how severe the results are. Some abnormalities may not need to be treated because some abnormal cells change back to normal on their own. Other abnormal cells or precancerous changes to cells may develop into cancer if they aren’t treated.",
"a colposcopy (a procedure that uses a lighted magnifying instrument, called a colposcope, to examine the vulva, vagina and cervix)",
"endocervical curettage (a type of biopsy to remove cells from the endocervical canal, which is the passageway from the uterus to the vagina)",
"If you have an abnormal Pap test result when you are pregnant, your doctor will talk to you about next steps. You may have a colposcopy. But doctors usually avoid taking a biopsy until after you have given birth because there is a small chance that taking a biopsy sample can cause bleeding.",
"A false-negative result means that the test doesn’t find cancer or abnormal cells even though they are present. This may occur if the sample doesn’t have enough tissue or cells. It can also happen when abnormal cells in the sample are missed.",
"A false-positive result means that the test shows abnormal cells even though they are not present. This means that something looks like a precancerous condition, but it actually isn’t. A false-positive result may lead to unnecessary follow-up tests, procedures and anxiety.",
"We can give information about cancer care and support services in Canada only. To find a cancer organization in your country, visit Union for International Cancer Control or International Cancer Information Service Group."
]
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"parsed_md": "Pap test - Canadian Cancer Society\n\nLearn more\n\nResources for coping with cancer during the COVID-19 pandemic.\n\nDONATE\n\nFrançais Ontario\n\n * Alberta and Northwest Territories\n * British Columbia and Yukon\n * Manitoba\n * New Brunswick\n * Newfoundland and Labrador\n * Nova Scotia\n * Nunavut\n * Ontario\n * Prince Edward Island\n * Quebec\n * Saskatchewan\n\nYou are here:\n\nSelect the text below and copy the link.\n\n×\n\nRecently viewed pages\n\n * Pap test\n\n * Pap test\n\nPrevious Next\n\nA^-|A|A^+\n\n# Pap test\n\nA Pap test is a procedure that removes a small sample of cells from the\ncervix. It is done to look for changes to the cells in the cervix.\n\n## Why a Pap test is done\n\nA Pap test is mainly used to:\n\n * screen for and help diagnose precancerous conditions of the cervix and cervical cancer\n * help diagnose precancerous conditions of the vagina and vaginal cancer\n * diagnose infection and inflammation in the lower female reproductive tract\n * follow up after an abnormal Pap test or to monitor precancerous conditions\n * check for abnormal cell changes or to see if cancer comes back (recurs) after treatment\n\n## How a Pap test is done\n\nTo prepare for a Pap test:\n\n * Book your appointment for when you are not having your period.\n * Don’t have sexual intercourse for at least 24 hours before your Pap test.\n * Don’t use vaginal douches, vaginal medicines, vaginal sprays or powders, or contraceptive creams for at least 24 hours before your Pap test.\n * Don’t have a Pap test if you are being treated for a cervical or vaginal infection. Wait at least 2 weeks after treatment has ended before having a Pap test.\n * Empty your bladder before the Pap test.\n\nA Pap test may be done as part of a regular checkup or during a pelvic exam.\nIt is usually done in a doctor’s or nurse’s office or in a clinic. It only\ntakes a few minutes. You may feel some discomfort or pressure during the\nprocedure, but it is not usually painful.\n\nDuring a Pap test you lie on your back with your feet up in stirrups. The\ndoctor or nurse places a speculum (a clear plastic or metal device) into the\nvagina. The speculum keeps the vagina open so they can see the upper part of\nthe vagina and cervix. Using a small stick, spatula, and/or brush the doctor\nor nurse gently scrapes the surface of the cervix to pick up cells. Sometimes\nthey will use a special brush to collect cells from the inner part of the\ncervix that leads into the uterus. Samples of cells from the vagina can also\nbe taken during a Pap test.\n\nThe collected cells are placed in a special liquid. The sample is sent to a\nlab to be examined under a microscope. If the cells are placed in a container\nfilled with a special liquid, it is called a liquid-based Pap test. The liquid\ncontaining the sample of cells may also be used to test for the human\npapillomavirus (HPV).\n\nYou may have some light bleeding from the vagina after a Pap test.\n\nFind out more about a pelvic exam.\n\n## What the results mean\n\nA Pap test result may be described as normal or abnormal. Normal results are\nalso sometimes described as negative.\n\nA normal result means that no abnormal or cancerous cells were found.\n\n### Abnormal Pap test results\n\nIf your Pap test results are abnormal, it doesn’t always mean that you have a\nprecancerous condition or cancer. Some abnormal cells return to normal on\ntheir own. Other abnormal cells or precancerous changes in the cervix or\nvagina may develop into cancer over time if they aren’t treated.\n\nAbnormal cells in the cervix or vagina are classified based on the type of\ncell that has changed and how different they look from normal cells. How\nabnormal they are may be described as low or high grade.\n\nSquamous cells come from the surface of the cervix or vagina. Glandular cells\ncome from the inside of the cervical canal.\n\nSquamous cell changes are described as squamous intraepithelial lesion (SIL).\nSIL is described as low grade (least severe) or high grade (most severe).\n\n * Atypical squamous cells (ASC) means the cells don’t look normal. It is the most common finding.\n * Atypical squamous cells – undetermined significance (ASC-US) means some cells don’t look completely normal.\n * Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL) means the cells have mild changes in size and shape, caused by an HPV infection.\n * Atypical squamous cells (ASC-H) means the cells don’t look normal but it’s not clear what the changes mean. The abnormal cells could be a high-grade lesion.\n * High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL) means there are abnormal or precancerous cells present and they have a higher chance of progressing to cancer.\n * Squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) means there are cancer cells in the lining of the outer surface of the cervix.\n\nGlandular cell changes are described as:\n\n * Atypical glandular cells (AGC) means the cells don’t look normal.\n * Adenocarcinoma in situ (AIS) means there are cancer cells in the glandular tissue lining the inside of the cervix but there has been no spread into the deeper tissues of the cervix or surrounding tissue.\n * Adenocarcinoma means there is cancer in the lining inside the cervix (endocervical cancer).\n\n### What caused the changes?\n\nInfection with HPV is the most common cause of changes to cervical cells.\nSometimes cells infected with HPV can become precancerous. Changes to the\ncervix may also be caused by:\n\n * viral, bacterial or yeast infection\n * inflammation\n * non-cancerous growths such as polyps or cysts\n\n## What happens if the results are abnormal\n\nYour doctor may recommend more tests, procedures, follow-up care or treatment.\n\n### Follow-up options for abnormal results\n\nFollow-up for an abnormal Pap test depends on how severe the results are. Some\nabnormalities may not need to be treated because some abnormal cells change\nback to normal on their own. Other abnormal cells or precancerous changes to\ncells may develop into cancer if they aren’t treated.\n\nFollow-up tests and treatment for abnormal Pap test results include:\n\n * another Pap test\n * an HPV test\n * a colposcopy (a procedure that uses a lighted magnifying instrument, called a colposcope, to examine the vulva, vagina and cervix)\n * endocervical curettage (a type of biopsy to remove cells from the endocervical canal, which is the passageway from the uterus to the vagina)\n * a loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) or other type of cone biopsy\n\nFind out more about an HPV test, a LEEP and a cone biopsy.\n\n### Pregnancy and abnormal Pap test results\n\nIf you have an abnormal Pap test result when you are pregnant, your doctor\nwill talk to you about next steps. You may have a colposcopy. But doctors\nusually avoid taking a biopsy until after you have given birth because there\nis a small chance that taking a biopsy sample can cause bleeding.\n\n## Risks with a Pap test\n\nScreening tests, including the Pap test, have a risk of giving misleading\nresults.\n\nA false-negative result means that the test doesn’t find cancer or abnormal\ncells even though they are present. This may occur if the sample doesn’t have\nenough tissue or cells. It can also happen when abnormal cells in the sample\nare missed.\n\nA false-positive result means that the test shows abnormal cells even though\nthey are not present. This means that something looks like a precancerous\ncondition, but it actually isn’t. A false-positive result may lead to\nunnecessary follow-up tests, procedures and anxiety.\n\nPrevious Next\n\nA^-|A|A^+\n\n * Need more information?\n\n###### If you are outside Canada\n\nWe can give information about cancer care and support services in Canada only.\nTo find a cancer organization in your country, visit Union for International\nCancer Control or International Cancer Information Service Group.\n\n## About Us\n\n * Who we are and what we do\n * Our history\n * Our research\n * Our partnerships\n * Our People\n * Board\n * News\n * Cancer and COVID-19 Resources\n * Ethical fundraising\n * Resource publications\n * Impact report\n * Financial statements\n\n## About our site & information\n\n * Our editorial policy\n * Medical disclaimer\n * Privacy policy\n * Linking policy\n * Accessibility\n * Terms and conditions\n\n## Need more information?\n\n * Contact us – we’re here to help\n * 1-888-939-3333\n * 1-866-786-3934 (TTY)\n\nFrançais\n\nOntario\n\n * Alberta and Northwest Territories\n * British Columbia and Yukon\n * Manitoba\n * New Brunswick\n * Newfoundland and Labrador\n * Nova Scotia\n * Nunavut\n * Ontario\n * Prince Edward Island\n * Quebec\n * Saskatchewan\n\n * Contact us\n * |Careers\n * |For researchers\n * |For media\n\n© 2021 Canadian Cancer Society All rights reserved. Registered charity:\n118829803 RR 0001\n\n"
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"title": "HPV and Abnormal Pap Smears",
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"HPV, Human Papiloma Virus, causes abnormal Pap smear results because HPV is a virus which infects skin cells. When subclinical HPV infects the skin cells in the cervix (skin cells on the cervix are called squamous cells), it causes the cells to change and become abnormal. When HPV causes abnormal cell changes on the cervix this is called cervical dysplasia. It is important to note that there are other reasons besides HPV for abnormal Pap smear results such as infection, although the most common reason for abnormal Pap smear results is HPV. Pap smears are screening tests and do not tell you specifically what is causing the abnormal results.",
"The abnormal cell changes can be mildly abnormal or seriously abnormal. The degree of abnormal cells on the Pap smear is what helps your healthcare provider make recommendations for your follow-up. The most common categories of abnormal cell changes on the cervix (cervical dysplasia) are listed below.",
"ASC-H (Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance-cannot exclude HSIL). This means your Pap smear results are borderline but may be more serious.",
"There are more categories of Pap smear results, including ones which indicate cervical cancer. Cervical cancer is such a slowly progressing cancer, it is unusual for young women or women who have been getting regular screening to have these results. Sometimes bacteria or other viruses such as Herpes are identified on Pap smear results. When this happens, Women's Health Specialists may attempt to contact you to offer you further evaluation and treatment.",
"Most women with HPV and/or abnormal Pap smear results do not get cervical cancer. Researchers now believe that almost all cervical cancer is caused by HPV 16 and HPV 18. Cervical cancer is diagnosed in 12,900 women in the United States each year and 4,400 women die of cervical cancer in the U.S. each year. There are currently 140 million women and girls living in the United States. The majority of women who are diagnosed with cervical cancer are over the age of 30 and have not had access to healthcare or regular Pap smears.",
"The medical community now views cervical cancer as a preventable cancer because Pap smears can detect abnormal cell changes in the cervix long before they become cancerous. Also not all types of HPV cause the cell changes that can lead to cancer of the cervix. The HPV test, which is now available, can tell generally what types of HPV you have. Results of the HPV test do not specify exactly what type you have but do distinguish between the high risk types of HPV and low risk types. Both the low risk types and the high risk types of HPV can cause abnormal cell changes in the cervix and abnormal Pap smear results. Researchers now know that 90% of Pap smears with results that are classified as LSIL and 70% of Pap smears that are HSIL will become normal once your body's defense system has cleared the HPV virus. 7 8 The types of HPV which cause the genital warts you can see are not the high risk types that can lead to cervical cancer.",
"If your pap smear is mildly abnormal (ASCUS or LSIL) you can choose to repeat the Pap smear in 6 months or have a colposcopy.",
"If the Pap smear is HSIL the recommendation is for you to have a colposcopy. A colposcope allows your healthcare provider to view the cells on your cervix more closely (it's like looking under a microscope) and possibly take samples of abnormal cells for further evaluation by a laboratory. This is called a biopsy.",
"You may also choose to have a test for HPV. This test will tell you if you have the high or low risk types of HPV. The HPV test is helpful if the results indicate that you have the low risk types of HPV because you will know that there is little chance that the cell changes found on your Pap smear will get worse. If the HPV test comes back with results that indicate the high risk types of HPV it is helpful because you may choose to get close follow-up.",
"On Friday, November 20, 2009, the American College of Obstetricians and Gynecologists announced that women should have their first cancer screening at age 21 and can be rescreened less frequently than previously recommended."
]
},
"parsed_md": "HPV and Abnormal Pap Smears - Womens Health Specialists - Womens Health\nSpecialists\n\nMake An Appointment\n\nContact us today: (800) 714-8151\n\nHome > Health Information > Abnormal Pap Results\n\n# Abnormal Pap Smears And HPV\n\n * Abnormal Pap Smears are typically caused by strains of the Human Papilloma Virus, HPV.\n * An abnormal pap smear result does not mean you have cervical cancer.\n * High risk strains can cause more serious cellular changes.\n * Typically, both high and low risk strains of HPV go away within 24 months.\n * It's recommended that you get your first pap smear at age 21.\n\n### WHAT CAUSES AN ABNORMAL PAP SMEAR RESULT?\n\nHPV, Human Papiloma Virus, causes abnormal Pap smear results because HPV is a\nvirus which infects skin cells. When subclinical HPV infects the skin cells in\nthe cervix (skin cells on the cervix are called squamous cells), it causes the\ncells to change and become abnormal. When HPV causes abnormal cell changes on\nthe cervix this is called cervical dysplasia. It is important to note that\nthere are other reasons besides HPV for abnormal Pap smear results such as\ninfection, although the most common reason for abnormal Pap smear results is\nHPV. Pap smears are screening tests and do not tell you specifically what is\ncausing the abnormal results.\n\nThe abnormal cell changes can be mildly abnormal or seriously abnormal. The\ndegree of abnormal cells on the Pap smear is what helps your healthcare\nprovider make recommendations for your follow-up. The most common categories\nof abnormal cell changes on the cervix (cervical dysplasia) are listed below.\n\n * ASCUS (Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance). This means your Pap smear results are borderline, between normal and abnormal.\n * ASC-H (Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance-cannot exclude HSIL). This means your Pap smear results are borderline but may be more serious.\n * LSIL (Low grade squamous intraepithelial lesion). This means that there are mildly abnormal cell changes on your cervix.\n * HSIL (High grade squamous intraepithelial lesion). This means that the cell changes on your cervix are more serious.\n\nThere are more categories of Pap smear results, including ones which indicate\ncervical cancer. Cervical cancer is such a slowly progressing cancer, it is\nunusual for young women or women who have been getting regular screening to\nhave these results. Sometimes bacteria or other viruses such as Herpes are\nidentified on Pap smear results. When this happens, Women's Health Specialists\nmay attempt to contact you to offer you further evaluation and treatment.\n\n### DOES HPV CAUSE CERVICAL CANCER?\n\nMost women with HPV and/or abnormal Pap smear results do not get cervical\ncancer. Researchers now believe that almost all cervical cancer is caused by\nHPV 16 and HPV 18. Cervical cancer is diagnosed in 12,900 women in the United\nStates each year and 4,400 women die of cervical cancer in the U.S. each year.\nThere are currently 140 million women and girls living in the United States.\nThe majority of women who are diagnosed with cervical cancer are over the age\nof 30 and have not had access to healthcare or regular Pap smears.\n\nThe medical community now views cervical cancer as a preventable cancer\nbecause Pap smears can detect abnormal cell changes in the cervix long before\nthey become cancerous. Also not all types of HPV cause the cell changes that\ncan lead to cancer of the cervix. The HPV test, which is now available, can\ntell generally what types of HPV you have. Results of the HPV test do not\nspecify exactly what type you have but do distinguish between the high risk\ntypes of HPV and low risk types. Both the low risk types and the high risk\ntypes of HPV can cause abnormal cell changes in the cervix and abnormal Pap\nsmear results. Researchers now know that 90% of Pap smears with results that\nare classified as LSIL and 70% of Pap smears that are HSIL will become normal\nonce your body's defense system has cleared the HPV virus. 7 8 The types of\nHPV which cause the genital warts you can see are not the high risk types that\ncan lead to cervical cancer.\n\n### WHAT ARE MY OPTIONS FOR FOLLOW-UP OF AN ABNORMAL PAP SMEAR?\n\nIf your pap smear is mildly abnormal (ASCUS or LSIL) you can choose to repeat\nthe Pap smear in 6 months or have a colposcopy.\n\nIf the Pap smear is HSIL the recommendation is for you to have a colposcopy. A\ncolposcope allows your healthcare provider to view the cells on your cervix\nmore closely (it's like looking under a microscope) and possibly take samples\nof abnormal cells for further evaluation by a laboratory. This is called a\nbiopsy.\n\nYou may also choose to have a test for HPV. This test will tell you if you\nhave the high or low risk types of HPV. The HPV test is helpful if the results\nindicate that you have the low risk types of HPV because you will know that\nthere is little chance that the cell changes found on your Pap smear will get\nworse. If the HPV test comes back with results that indicate the high risk\ntypes of HPV it is helpful because you may choose to get close follow-up.\n\nRemember both high risk and low risk types of HPV can go away within 24\nmonths.\n\n8 ACOG Announces New Pap Smear and Cancer Screening Guidelines\n\nOn Friday, November 20, 2009, the American College of Obstetricians and\nGynecologists announced that women should have their first cancer screening at\nage 21 and can be rescreened less frequently than previously recommended.\n\n## Subscribe to our Mailing List.\n\nWomen’s Health Specialists Clinics: 1.800.714.8151\n\nNon-profit Tax ID # 94-2259357\n\nWebsite by Netguava.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/vaccines/hpv-vaccine.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211029232956/https://www.cdc.gov/vaccinesafety/vaccines/hpv-vaccine.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Safety Information for HPV Vaccine",
"passages": [
"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection in the United States. The virus is spread through intimate skin-to-skin contact. HPV infections are so common that nearly all men and women will get at least one type of HPV at some time in their lives. Most infections are asymptomatic and become undetectable, but some can be persistent and can progress to cancer in both women and men later in life.",
"Vaccine Information Statements (VISs) are information sheets produced by CDC that explain both the benefits and risks of a vaccine.",
"Gardasil 9 (human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine, recombinant; 9vHPV) was approved by FDA for use in 2014. The safety of Gardasil 9 was studied in clinical trials with more than 15,000 participants before it was licensed and continues to be monitored. Gardasil 9 protects against 9 types of cancer- causing HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58.",
"CDC recommends HPV vaccination for all boys and girls at ages 11-12 to protect against HPV-related infections and cancers. Anyone starting the series before the age of 15 should receive two doses of HPV vaccine, with at least six months between the first and second doses. Adolescents who receive the two doses less than five months apart will require a third dose of HPV vaccine.",
"CDC recommends HPV vaccination for everyone through age 26 years, if not vaccinated already. Teens and young adults who start the series at ages 15 through 26 years still need three doses of HPV vaccine. Three doses are also recommended for people with certain immunocompromising conditions ages 9 through 26 years.",
"Some adults age 27 through 45 years who are not already vaccinated may decide to get HPV vaccine after speaking with their doctor about their risk for new HPV infections and the possible benefits of vaccination. HPV vaccination in this age range provides less benefit, as more people have already been exposed to HPV.",
"Gardasil 9 [PDF – 25 pages]external icon: The Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved this vaccine in 2014. It is approved for use in children at age 9.",
"HPV vaccine is safe and effective at preventing HPV-related infections and cancers. Vaccines, like any medicine, can have side effects. Many people who get the HPV vaccine have no side effects at all. The most common side effects are usually mild, like a sore arm from the shot.",
"Severe allergic reactions following vaccination are rare, but can be life threatening. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction can include hives, swelling of the face and throat, difficulty breathing, a fast heartbeat, dizziness, and weakness.",
"Have ever had life-threatening allergic reaction to any component of HPV vaccine, or to a previous dose of HPV vaccine",
"HPV vaccine is not recommended for pregnant women. However, receiving HPV vaccine when pregnant is not cause for alarm. If a woman is found to be pregnant after starting the HPV vaccine series, second and/or third doses should be delayed until she is no longer pregnant. Women who are breastfeeding may get the vaccine.",
"People with minor illnesses, such as a cold, may be vaccinated. People who are moderately or severely ill should usually wait until they recover before getting HPV vaccine.",
"Who Should NOT Get These Vaccines?Some people should not get certain vaccines or should wait before getting them. Read the CDC guidelines for each vaccine.",
"The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) is an early warning system, co-managed by CDC and FDA, that monitors for potential vaccine safety problems.",
"Healthcare providers and vaccine manufacturers are required by law to report certain adverse events following vaccination to VAERS; patients and caregivers can also submit reports.",
"Findings from many vaccine safety monitoring systems and more than 160 studies have shown that HPV vaccines have a favorable safety profile—the body of scientific evidence overwhelmingly supports their safety.",
"In November 2019, initial post-licensure safety monitoring of Gardasil 9 was published in Pediatrics. In two separate articles, analyses from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) and the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) were presented. Both included multiple years of data, and did not identify any unexpected safety problems with Gardasil 9. These findings support the favorable safety profile that was established in pre-licensure clinical trials.",
"Analysis from VAERS: Researchers reviewed 7,244 reports submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System following HPV vaccination from December 2014 through December 2017. Of those reports, around 97% were classified as non-serious; around 3% were considered serious. The analysis did not detect any new or unexpected safety concerns. Source: Safety of the 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. [Pediatrics. 2019]external icon",
"Analysis from VSD: The Vaccine Safety Datalink conducted near-real time surveillance from October 2015 through October 2017, looking at 11 pre-specified adverse events. During this two-year time period, nearly 840,000 doses were administered to people aged 9-26 years at six VSD sites. No new safety concerns were identified. Source: Near Real-Time Surveillance to Assess the Safety of the 9-Valen Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. [Pediatrics 2019]external icon",
"In 2014, before Gardasil 9 was licensed by the FDA, its safety was evaluated across seven studies. The safety findings from these pre-licensure studies show that Gardasil 9 has a similar safety profile to Gardasil, an earlier version of the vaccine. The main findings from these studies:",
"These mild side effects may occur more often after Gardasil 9 vaccination than after Gardasil. Women and girls who received Gardasil 9 reported higher rates of swelling and redness where the shot was given than those who received Gardasil. Reports of swelling and redness also increased with each following dose for those receiving Gardasil 9.",
"In 2014, CDC published a report analyzing health events reported to VAERS following Gardasil vaccination from June 2006 through March 2014. About 92% of the Gardasil reports were classified as non-serious. The most common adverse events reported were:",
"Although rare, fainting was found to happen after HPV vaccination. In response, FDA changed Gardasil’s guidance for doctors to include information about preventing falls and injuries from fainting. CDC and the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices included this guidance in the recommendations for HPV vaccination. Based on these recommendations, healthcare professionals should administer HPV vaccinations while the patient is seated or lying down.",
"The patient should then remain seated and be observed for 15 minutes. CDC continues to remind doctors and nurses to observe this guidance and to share this information with all their patients. Source: Human Papillomavirus Vaccination: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). [MMWR. 2014]",
"In 2011, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) reviewed published and unpublished studies of the safety of eight vaccines, including HPV. The published report, Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality, concluded:",
"Very rarely, any vaccine, including HPV vaccine, can cause anaphylaxis. Some people are allergic to certain ingredients in vaccines. As recommended by ACIP, people who experienced a severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to a previous vaccine dose or to a vaccine component, including yeast, should not receive the HPV vaccine. Source: Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality. [Institute of Medicine. 2011]external icon",
"By the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 21external icon, an adverse event is defined as serious if it involves any of the following outcomes",
"CDC and FDA monitor the safety of vaccines after they are approved or authorized. If a problem is found with a vaccine, CDC and FDA will inform health officials, health care providers, and the public.",
"The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS): an early warning system, co-managed by CDC and FDA, to monitor for potential vaccine safety problems. Anyone can report possible vaccine side effects to VAERS.",
"The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD): a collaboration between CDC and 9 health care organizations that conducts vaccine safety monitoring and research.",
"The Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Project: a partnership between CDC and several medical research centers that provides expert consultation and conducts clinical research on vaccine-associated health risks.",
"Donahue JG, Kieke BA, Lewis EM, et al. Near Real-Time Surveillance to Assess the Safety of the 9-valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine.external icon Pediatrics. 2019 Dec;122(6):e20191808. Epub 2019 Nov 18.",
"Shimabukuro TT, Su JR, Marquez PL, et al. Safety of the 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine.external icon Pediatrics. 2019 Dec;144(6);e20191791. Epub 2019 Nov 18.",
"Hanson KE, McLean HQ, Belongia, EA, Stokley S, McNeil MM, Gee J, VanWormer JJ. Sociodemographic and clinical correlates of human papillomavirus vaccine attitudes and receipt among Wisconsin adolescentsexternal icon. Papillomavirus. Res. 2019 May 25; 8: 1001568. Epub ahead of print.",
"Klein NP, Goddard K, Lewis E, Ross P, Gee J, DeStefano F, Baxter R. Long term risk of developing type 1 diabetes after HPV vaccination in males and femalesexternal icon. Vaccine. 2019 Mar 28; 37(14): 1938-1944. Epub Mar 1.",
"Landazabal CS, Moro PL, Lewis P, Omer SB. Safety of 9-valent human papillomavirus vaccine administration among pregnant women: Adverse event reports in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS), 2014-2017external icon. Vaccine. 2019 Feb 21; 37(9): 1229-1234. Epub 2019 Jan 16.",
"Suragh TA, Lewis P, Arana J, Mba-Jonas A, Li R, Stewart B, Shimabukuro TT, Cano M. Safety of bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in the US vaccine adverse event reporting system (VAERS), 2009-2017.external iconexternal icon Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Dec; 84(12): 2928-2932. Epub 2018 Sep 21.",
"VanWormer JJ, Bendixsen CG, Vickers ER et al. Association between parent attitudes and receipt of human papillomavirus vaccine in adolescentsexternal icon. BMC Public Health. 2017 Oct 2; 17(1): 766.",
"Baxter R, Lewis E, Goddard K et al. Acute demyelinating events following vaccines – a case centered analysis.external icon Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Dec 1; 63(11): 1456-1462. Epub 2016 Sep 1.",
"Gee J, Weinbaum C, Sukumaran L, Markowitz LE. Quadrivalent HPV vaccine safety review and US safety monitoring plans for nine-valent HPV vaccineexternal icon. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Jun 2; 12(6): 1406-17. Epub 2016 Mar 30.",
"Moro PL, Zheteyeva Y, Lewis P, Shi J, Yue X, Museru OI, et al. Safety of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil®) in pregnancy: Adverse events among non-manufacturer reports in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System, 2006-2013external icon. Vaccine. 2015 Jan 15; 33(4): 519-22. Epub 2014 Dec 8.",
"Naleway AL, Crane B, Smith N et al. Absence of venous thromboembolism risk following quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination, Vaccine Safety Datalink, 2008-2011external icon. Vaccine. 2016 Jan2; 34(1): 167-71. Epub 2015 Nov 6.",
"Weinbaum CM, Cano M. HPV vaccination and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Lack of Evidence. external iconEbiomedicine. 2015 Aug 19; 2(9): 1014-5. eCollection 2015 Sep.",
"Gee J, Naleway A, Shui I et al. Monitoring the safety of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: findings from the Vaccine Safety Datalinkexternal icon. Vaccine. 2011 Oct 26; 29(46): 8279-84. Epub 2011 Sep 9.",
"Slade BA, Leidel L, Vellozzi C, Woo EJ, Hua W, Sutherland A, et al. Postlicensure safety surveillance for quadrivalent human papillomavirus recombinant vaccineexternal icon. JAMA. 2009 Aug 19; 302(7): 750-7.",
"Naleway AL, Gold R, Drew L, et al. Reported adverse events in young women following quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccinationexternal icon. J Womens Health (Larchmt.). 2012 Apr; 21(4): 425-32. Epub 2012 Jan 9.",
"Markowitz LE, Dunne EF, Saraiya M, Chesson HW, Curtis CR, Gee J, et al. Human papillomavirus vaccination: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR. 2014; 63(RR05);1-30.",
"Gold R, Naleway A, Riedlinger K. Factors predicting completion of the human papillomavirus vaccine seriesexternal icon. J Adolesc Health. 2013 Apr; 52(4): 427-32. Epub 2012 Dec 10.",
"Schmidt MA, Gold R, Kurosky SK, et al. Uptake, coverage, and completion of quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, July 2006-June 2011external icon. J Adolesc Health. 2013 Nov; 53(5): 637-41.",
"Slade BA, Leidel L, Vellozzi C, Woo EJ, Hua J, Sutherland A, et al. Postlicensure safety surveillance for quadrivalent human papillomavirus recombinant vaccine. external icon JAMA. 2009; 302 (7):750-7.",
"Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Safety Information for HPV Vaccine | Vaccine Safety | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People\n\nVaccine Safety\n\n# Human Papillomavirus (HPV) Vaccine\n\nRelated Pages\n\nOn this Page\n\n * Available Vaccine\n * Common Side Effects\n * A Closer Look at the Safety Data\n * How CDC Monitors Vaccine Safety\n * Related Scientific Articles\n\nSafety Information\n\n### About HPV\n\nHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common sexually transmitted infection\nin the United States. The virus is spread through intimate skin-to-skin\ncontact. HPV infections are so common that nearly all men and women will get\nat least one type of HPV at some time in their lives. Most infections are\nasymptomatic and become undetectable, but some can be persistent and can\nprogress to cancer in both women and men later in life.\n\nHPV infections that do not go away can cause:\n\n * Cervical, vaginal, and vulvar cancers (in women)\n * Penile cancer (in men)\n * Anal cancer\n * Cancer of the back of the throat (oropharynx)\n * Genital warts\n\nLearn more about HPV\n\nThere is a safe and effective HPV vaccine that can prevent the infections that\nmost commonly cause cancer.\n\n### Available Vaccine\n\nVaccine Information Statements\n\nVaccine Information Statements (VISs) are information sheets produced by CDC\nthat explain both the benefits and risks of a vaccine.\n\n * HPVHuman papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil 9)\n\nThere is one licensed HPV vaccine available in the United States.\n\nGardasil 9 (human papillomavirus 9-valent vaccine, recombinant; 9vHPV) was\napproved by FDA for use in 2014. The safety of Gardasil 9 was studied in\nclinical trials with more than 15,000 participants before it was licensed and\ncontinues to be monitored. Gardasil 9 protects against 9 types of cancer-\ncausing HPV types 6, 11, 16, 18, 31, 33, 45, 52, and 58.\n\nFor HPV vaccine to be most effective, the series should begin prior to\nexposure to HPV.\n\n#### Who Should Get HPV Vaccine\n\nCDC recommends HPV vaccination for all boys and girls at ages 11-12 to protect\nagainst HPV-related infections and cancers. Anyone starting the series before\nthe age of 15 should receive two doses of HPV vaccine, with at least six\nmonths between the first and second doses. Adolescents who receive the two\ndoses less than five months apart will require a third dose of HPV vaccine.\n\n#### Talk with your healthcare provider about vaccines.\n\nThey can answer questions and offer advice based on your specific health\nneeds.\n\nCDC recommends HPV vaccination for everyone through age 26 years, if not\nvaccinated already. Teens and young adults who start the series at ages 15\nthrough 26 years still need three doses of HPV vaccine. Three doses are also\nrecommended for people with certain immunocompromising conditions ages 9\nthrough 26 years.\n\nSome adults age 27 through 45 years who are not already vaccinated may decide\nto get HPV vaccine after speaking with their doctor about their risk for new\nHPV infections and the possible benefits of vaccination. HPV vaccination in\nthis age range provides less benefit, as more people have already been exposed\nto HPV.\n\nFor more information, see Who should get HPV Vaccine.\n\ncalendar alt icon\n\nChild and Adult Immunization Schedules Get CDC’s official recommended\nimmunization schedules for children, adolescents, and adults.\n\n#### Manufacturer Package Insert\n\nGardasil 9 [PDF – 25 pages]external icon: The Food and Drug Administration\n(FDA) approved this vaccine in 2014. It is approved for use in children at age\n9.\n\nTop of Page\n\n### Common Side Effects\n\nHPV vaccine is safe and effective at preventing HPV-related infections and\ncancers. Vaccines, like any medicine, can have side effects. Many people who\nget the HPV vaccine have no side effects at all. The most common side effects\nare usually mild, like a sore arm from the shot.\n\nSevere allergic reactions following vaccination are rare, but can be life\nthreatening. Symptoms of a severe allergic reaction can include hives,\nswelling of the face and throat, difficulty breathing, a fast heartbeat,\ndizziness, and weakness.\n\nIf such reactions occur, call 9-1-1 and get the person to the nearest\nhospital.\n\nHPV Vaccine (Gardasil 9)\n\n##### Common Side Effects\n\n * Pain, redness, or swelling in the arm where the shot was given\n * Fever\n * Headache or feeling tired\n * Nausea\n * Muscle or joint pain\n\n##### Who Should Not Get the HPV Vaccine\n\nPeople should not get HPV vaccine if they:\n\n * Have ever had life-threatening allergic reaction to any component of HPV vaccine, or to a previous dose of HPV vaccine\n\n * Are pregnant\n\nHPV vaccine is not recommended for pregnant women. However, receiving HPV\nvaccine when pregnant is not cause for alarm. If a woman is found to be\npregnant after starting the HPV vaccine series, second and/or third doses\nshould be delayed until she is no longer pregnant. Women who are breastfeeding\nmay get the vaccine.\n\nPeople should talk their healthcare provider before getting HPV vaccine if\nthey:\n\n * Have severe allergies, including an allergy to yeast\n\nPeople with minor illnesses, such as a cold, may be vaccinated. People who are\nmoderately or severely ill should usually wait until they recover before\ngetting HPV vaccine.\n\nIn some cases, your healthcare provider may decide to postpone HPV vaccination\nto a future visit.\n\nMore information about contraindications and precautions.\n\nMore Information\n\n * Frequently Asked Questions about HPV Vaccine SafetyLearn more about the safety of HPV vaccine.\n * Who Should NOT Get These Vaccines?Some people should not get certain vaccines or should wait before getting them. Read the CDC guidelines for each vaccine.\n * HPV Vaccine – ACIP Recommendations and GuidanceOfficial guidance on HPV vaccine from the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices (ACIP).\n * HPV Resources for CliniciansInformation for healthcare professionals: how to recommend and answer questions about HPV vaccination.\n\nReport Possible Adverse Events To VAERS\n\nThe Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) is an early warning system,\nco-managed by CDC and FDA, that monitors for potential vaccine safety\nproblems.\n\nHealthcare providers and vaccine manufacturers are required by law to report\ncertain adverse events following vaccination to VAERS; patients and caregivers\ncan also submit reports.\n\nFor more information, see Report an Adverse Event to VAERSexternal icon.\n\nTop of Page\n\n### A Closer Look at the Safety Data\n\nFindings from many vaccine safety monitoring systems and more than 160 studies\nhave shown that HPV vaccines have a favorable safety profile—the body of\nscientific evidence overwhelmingly supports their safety.\n\n * In November 2019, initial post-licensure safety monitoring of Gardasil 9 was published in Pediatrics. In two separate articles, analyses from the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS) and the Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD) were presented. Both included multiple years of data, and did not identify any unexpected safety problems with Gardasil 9. These findings support the favorable safety profile that was established in pre-licensure clinical trials.\n\n * Analysis from VAERS: Researchers reviewed 7,244 reports submitted to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System following HPV vaccination from December 2014 through December 2017. Of those reports, around 97% were classified as non-serious; around 3% were considered serious. The analysis did not detect any new or unexpected safety concerns. Source: Safety of the 9-Valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. [Pediatrics. 2019]external icon\n * Analysis from VSD: The Vaccine Safety Datalink conducted near-real time surveillance from October 2015 through October 2017, looking at 11 pre-specified adverse events. During this two-year time period, nearly 840,000 doses were administered to people aged 9-26 years at six VSD sites. No new safety concerns were identified. Source: Near Real-Time Surveillance to Assess the Safety of the 9-Valen Human Papillomavirus Vaccine. [Pediatrics 2019]external icon\n * In 2014, before Gardasil 9 was licensed by the FDA, its safety was evaluated across seven studies. The safety findings from these pre-licensure studies show that Gardasil 9 has a similar safety profile to Gardasil, an earlier version of the vaccine. The main findings from these studies:\n\n * The most common side effect reported was pain, swelling, and redness in the arm where the shot was given.\n * These mild side effects may occur more often after Gardasil 9 vaccination than after Gardasil. Women and girls who received Gardasil 9 reported higher rates of swelling and redness where the shot was given than those who received Gardasil. Reports of swelling and redness also increased with each following dose for those receiving Gardasil 9.\n * In 2014, CDC published a report analyzing health events reported to VAERS following Gardasil vaccination from June 2006 through March 2014. About 92% of the Gardasil reports were classified as non-serious. The most common adverse events reported were:\n\n * Syncope (fainting)\n * Dizziness\n * Nausea\n * Headache\n * Fever\n * Injection site reactions (pain, swelling, and redness)\n\nAlthough rare, fainting was found to happen after HPV vaccination. In\nresponse, FDA changed Gardasil’s guidance for doctors to include information\nabout preventing falls and injuries from fainting. CDC and the Advisory\nCommittee on Immunization Practices included this guidance in the\nrecommendations for HPV vaccination. Based on these recommendations,\nhealthcare professionals should administer HPV vaccinations while the patient\nis seated or lying down.\n\nThe patient should then remain seated and be observed for 15 minutes. CDC\ncontinues to remind doctors and nurses to observe this guidance and to share\nthis information with all their patients. Source: Human Papillomavirus\nVaccination: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization\nPractices (ACIP). [MMWR. 2014]\n\n * In 2011, the Institute of Medicine (IOM) reviewed published and unpublished studies of the safety of eight vaccines, including HPV. The published report, Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality, concluded:\n\n * Syncope (fainting) may be caused by injected vaccines, including HPV vaccines.\n * Very rarely, any vaccine, including HPV vaccine, can cause anaphylaxis. Some people are allergic to certain ingredients in vaccines. As recommended by ACIP, people who experienced a severe allergic reaction (e.g., anaphylaxis) to a previous vaccine dose or to a vaccine component, including yeast, should not receive the HPV vaccine. Source: Adverse Effects of Vaccines: Evidence and Causality. [Institute of Medicine. 2011]external icon\n\nWhich adverse events are considered “serious”?\n\nBy the Code of Federal Regulations (CFR) Title 21external icon, an adverse\nevent is defined as serious if it involves any of the following outcomes\n\n * Death\n * A life-threatening adverse event\n * A persistent or significant disability or incapacity\n * A congenital anomaly or birth defect\n * Hospitalization, or prolongation of existing hospitalization\n\nLearn more about adverse events.\n\nTop of Page\n\n### How CDC Monitors Vaccine Safety\n\nCDC and FDA monitor the safety of vaccines after they are approved or\nauthorized. If a problem is found with a vaccine, CDC and FDA will inform\nhealth officials, health care providers, and the public.\n\nCDC uses 3 systems to monitor vaccine safety:\n\n * The Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS): an early warning system, co-managed by CDC and FDA, to monitor for potential vaccine safety problems. Anyone can report possible vaccine side effects to VAERS.\n * The Vaccine Safety Datalink (VSD): a collaboration between CDC and 9 health care organizations that conducts vaccine safety monitoring and research.\n * The Clinical Immunization Safety Assessment (CISA) Project: a partnership between CDC and several medical research centers that provides expert consultation and conducts clinical research on vaccine-associated health risks.\n\nTop of Page\n\n### Related Scientific Articles\n\nDonahue JG, Kieke BA, Lewis EM, et al. Near Real-Time Surveillance to Assess\nthe Safety of the 9-valent Human Papillomavirus Vaccine.external icon\nPediatrics. 2019 Dec;122(6):e20191808. Epub 2019 Nov 18.\n\nShimabukuro TT, Su JR, Marquez PL, et al. Safety of the 9-valent human\npapillomavirus vaccine.external icon Pediatrics. 2019 Dec;144(6);e20191791.\nEpub 2019 Nov 18.\n\nHanson KE, McLean HQ, Belongia, EA, Stokley S, McNeil MM, Gee J, VanWormer JJ.\nSociodemographic and clinical correlates of human papillomavirus vaccine\nattitudes and receipt among Wisconsin adolescentsexternal icon.\nPapillomavirus. Res. 2019 May 25; 8: 1001568. Epub ahead of print.\n\nKlein NP, Goddard K, Lewis E, Ross P, Gee J, DeStefano F, Baxter R. Long term\nrisk of developing type 1 diabetes after HPV vaccination in males and\nfemalesexternal icon. Vaccine. 2019 Mar 28; 37(14): 1938-1944. Epub Mar 1.\n\nLandazabal CS, Moro PL, Lewis P, Omer SB. Safety of 9-valent human\npapillomavirus vaccine administration among pregnant women: Adverse event\nreports in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System (VAERS),\n2014-2017external icon. Vaccine. 2019 Feb 21; 37(9): 1229-1234. Epub 2019 Jan\n16.\n\nSuragh TA, Lewis P, Arana J, Mba-Jonas A, Li R, Stewart B, Shimabukuro TT,\nCano M. Safety of bivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in the US vaccine\nadverse event reporting system (VAERS), 2009-2017.external iconexternal icon\nBr J Clin Pharmacol. 2018 Dec; 84(12): 2928-2932. Epub 2018 Sep 21.\n\nNaleway AL, Mittendorf KF, Irving, SA, Henninger ML, Crane B, Smith N, Daley\nMF, Gee J. Primary Ovarian Insufficiency and Adolescent Vaccination. external\nicon Pediatrics. 2018 Sep; 142(3). Epub 2018 Aug 21.\n\nKharbanda EO, Vazquez-Benitez G, Lipkind HS, Sheth SS, Zhu J, Naleway AL,\nKlein NP, Hechter R, Daley MF, Donahue JG, Jackson ML, Kawai AT, Sukumaran L,\nNordin JD. Risk of Spontaneous Abortion After Inadvertent Human Papillomavirus\nVaccination in Pregnancyexternal icon. Obstet. Gynecol. 2018 Jul; 132(1):\n35-44.\n\nIrving SA, Groom HC, Stokley S, McNeil MM, Gee J, Smith N, Naleway AL. Human\nPapillomavirus Vaccine Coverage and Prevalence of Missed Opportunities for\nVaccination in an Integrated Healthcare Systemexternal icon. Acad. Pediatr.\n2018 Mar; 18(2S): S85-S92.\n\nMarkowitz LM, Gee J, Chesson H, Stokley S. Ten Years of Human Papillomavirus\nVaccination in the United States. external icon Acad. Pediatr. 2018 Mar;\n1(2S): S3-S10.\n\nArana JE, Harrington T, Cano M, Lewis P, Mba-Jonas A, Rongxia L, Stewart B,\nMarkowitz LE, Shimabukuro TT. Post-licensure safety monitoring of quadrivalent\nhuman papillomavirus vaccine in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System\n(VAERS), 2009-2015external icon. Vaccine. 2018 Mar 20; 36(13): 1781-1788. Epub\n2018 Feb 21.\n\nArana J, Mba-Jonas A, Jankosky C, Lewis P, Moro PL, Shimabukuro TT, Cano M.\nReports of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome After Human\nPapillomavirus Vaccination in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting\nSystemexternal iconexternal icon. J Adolesc Health. 2017 Nov; 61(5): 577-582.\n\nVanWormer JJ, Bendixsen CG, Vickers ER et al. Association between parent\nattitudes and receipt of human papillomavirus vaccine in adolescentsexternal\nicon. BMC Public Health. 2017 Oct 2; 17(1): 766.\n\nGee J, Sukumaran L, Weintraub E. Risk of Guillain-Barre Syndrome following\nquadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in the Vaccine Safety\nDatalinkexternal icon. Vaccine. 2017 Oct 13; 35(43): 5756-5758. Epub 2017 Sep\n19.\n\nLipkind HS, Vazquez-Benitez G, Nordin JD et al. Maternal and Infant Outcomes\nAfter Human Papillomavirus Vaccination in the Periconceptional Period or\nDuring Pregnancyexternal icon. Obstet Gynecol. 2017 Sep; 130(3): 599-608.\n\nMcLean HQ, VanWormer JJ, Chow BDW et al. Improving Human Papillomavirus\nVaccine Use in an Integrated Health System: Impact of a Provider and Staff\nInterventionexternal icon. J Adolesc Health. 2017 Aug; 61(2): 252-258. Epub\n2017 Apr 24.\n\nBaxter R, Lewis E, Goddard K et al. Acute demyelinating events following\nvaccines – a case centered analysis.external icon Clin Infect Dis. 2016 Dec 1;\n63(11): 1456-1462. Epub 2016 Sep 1.\n\nBaxter R, Lewis E, Fireman B, DeStefano F, Gee J, Klein NP. Case-centered\nanalysis of Optic Neuritis following vaccines.external icon Clin Infect Dis.\n2016 Jul 1; 63(1): 79-81. Epub 2016 Apr 10.\n\nGee J, Weinbaum C, Sukumaran L, Markowitz LE. Quadrivalent HPV vaccine safety\nreview and US safety monitoring plans for nine-valent HPV vaccineexternal\nicon. Hum Vaccin Immunother. 2016 Jun 2; 12(6): 1406-17. Epub 2016 Mar 30.\n\nMcCarthy NL, Gee J, Sukumaran L et al. Vaccination and 30-Day Mortality Risk\nin Children, Adolescents, and Young Adultsexternal icon. Pediatrics. 2016 Mar;\n137(3): e20152970. Epub 2016 Feb 1.\n\nMoro PL, Zheteyeva Y, Lewis P, Shi J, Yue X, Museru OI, et al. Safety of\nquadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine (Gardasil®) in pregnancy: Adverse\nevents among non-manufacturer reports in the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting\nSystem, 2006-2013external icon. Vaccine. 2015 Jan 15; 33(4): 519-22. Epub 2014\nDec 8.\n\nNaleway AL, Crane B, Smith N et al. Absence of venous thromboembolism risk\nfollowing quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccination, Vaccine Safety\nDatalink, 2008-2011external icon. Vaccine. 2016 Jan2; 34(1): 167-71. Epub 2015\nNov 6.\n\nWeinbaum CM, Cano M. HPV vaccination and Complex Regional Pain Syndrome: Lack\nof Evidence. external iconEbiomedicine. 2015 Aug 19; 2(9): 1014-5. eCollection\n2015 Sep.\n\nPetrosky E, Bocchini JA Jr, Hariri S, Chesson H, Curtis CR, Saraiya M, et al.\nUse of 9-Valent human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccine: Updated HPV vaccination\nrecommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices. MMWR.\n2015; 64(11):300-304.\n\nGee J, Naleway A, Shui I et al. Monitoring the safety of quadrivalent human\npapillomavirus vaccine: findings from the Vaccine Safety Datalinkexternal\nicon. Vaccine. 2011 Oct 26; 29(46): 8279-84. Epub 2011 Sep 9.\n\nSlade BA, Leidel L, Vellozzi C, Woo EJ, Hua W, Sutherland A, et al.\nPostlicensure safety surveillance for quadrivalent human papillomavirus\nrecombinant vaccineexternal icon. JAMA. 2009 Aug 19; 302(7): 750-7.\n\nStokley S, Curtis CR, Jeyarajah J, Harrington T, Gee J, Markowitz L. Human\npapillomavirus vaccination coverage among adolescent girls 2007-2012, and\npost-licensure vaccine safety monitoring 2006-2013-United Statesexternal icon.\nMMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2013 Jul 26; 62(29): 591-595.\n\nStokley S, Jeyarajah J, Yankey D, Cano M, Gee J, Roark J, Curtis RC, Markowitz\nL. Human papillomavirus vaccination coverage among adolescents, 2007-2013, and\npostlicensure vaccine safety monitoring, 2006-2014—United States.external icon\nMMWR Morb Mortal Wkly Rep. 2014 Jul 25; 63(29): 620-4.\n\nNaleway AL, Gold R, Drew L, et al. Reported adverse events in young women\nfollowing quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccinationexternal icon. J Womens\nHealth (Larchmt.). 2012 Apr; 21(4): 425-32. Epub 2012 Jan 9.\n\nMarkowitz LE, Dunne EF, Saraiya M, Chesson HW, Curtis CR, Gee J, et al. Human\npapillomavirus vaccination: Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on\nImmunization Practices (ACIP). MMWR. 2014; 63(RR05);1-30.\n\nGold R, Naleway A, Riedlinger K. Factors predicting completion of the human\npapillomavirus vaccine seriesexternal icon. J Adolesc Health. 2013 Apr; 52(4):\n427-32. Epub 2012 Dec 10.\n\nSchmidt MA, Gold R, Kurosky SK, et al. Uptake, coverage, and completion of\nquadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine in the Vaccine Safety Datalink, July\n2006-June 2011external icon. J Adolesc Health. 2013 Nov; 53(5): 637-41.\n\nGee J, Naleway A, Shui I, Baggs J, Yinc R, Lic R, et al. Monitoring the safety\nof quadrivalent human papillomavirus vaccine: Findings from the Vaccine Safety\nDatalinkexternal icon, Vaccine. 2011; 29 (46) 8279-8284.\n\nSlade BA, Leidel L, Vellozzi C, Woo EJ, Hua J, Sutherland A, et al.\nPostlicensure safety surveillance for quadrivalent human papillomavirus\nrecombinant vaccine. external icon JAMA. 2009; 302 (7):750-7.\n\nTop of Page\n\nPage last reviewed: September 9, 2020, 12:00 AM\n\nContent source: Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center\nfor Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID), Division of Healthcare\nQuality Promotion (DHQP)\n\nGet Email Updates\n\nTo receive email updates about this page, enter your email address:\n\nHAVE QUESTIONS?\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Other Languages\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * Vulnerability Disclosure Policy\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nVisit CDC-INFO\n\nCall 800-232-4636\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nOpen 24/7\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n * Other Languages\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n * Vulnerability Disclosure Policy\n * CDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n * Español\n * 繁體中文\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * Tagalog\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * Kreyòl Ayisyen\n * Français\n * Polski\n * Português\n * Italiano\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * فارسی\n * English\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Youtube\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification / Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pelvic-exam/about/pac-20385135",
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"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pap-smear/expert-answers/pap-smear/faq-20058344",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210729083017/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pap-smear/expert-answers/pap-smear/faq-20058344",
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"original_url": "https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/human-papillomavirus-(hpv)-and-cervical-cancer",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211021095048/https://www.who.int/news-room/fact-sheets/detail/human-papillomavirus-(hpv)-and-cervical-cancer",
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"title": "Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer",
"passages": [
"There are more than 100 types of HPV, of which at least 14 are cancer-causing (also known as high risk type).",
"HPV is mainly transmitted through sexual contact and most people are infected with HPV shortly after the onset of sexual activity.",
"Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally, with an estimated 570,000 new cases in 2018. Nearly 90% of the 311,000 deaths worldwide in 2018 occurred in LMICs (1).",
"Comprehensive cervical cancer control includes primary prevention (vaccination against HPV), secondary prevention (screening and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions), tertiary prevention (diagnosis and treatment of invasive cervical cancer) and palliative care.",
"Vaccines that protect against HPV 16 and 18 are recommended by WHO and have been approved for use in many countries.",
"Clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance have shown that HPV vaccines are safe and effective in preventing infections with HPV infections.",
"Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the reproductive tract. Most sexually active women and men will be infected at some point in their lives and some may be repeatedly infected.",
"The peak time for acquiring infection for both women and men is shortly after becoming sexually active. HPV is sexually transmitted, but penetrative sex is not required for transmission. Skin-to-skin genital contact is a well- recognized mode of transmission.",
"There are many types of HPV, and many do not cause problems. HPV infections usually clear up without any intervention within a few months after acquisition, and about 90% clear within 2 years. A small proportion of infections with certain types of HPV can persist and progress to cervical cancer.",
"Cervical cancer is by far the most common HPV-related disease. Nearly all cases of cervical cancer can be attributable to HPV infection.",
"The infection with certain HPV types also causes a proportion of cancers of the anus, vulva, vagina, penis and oropharynx, which are preventable using similar primary prevention strategies as those for cervical cancer.",
"Non-cancer causing types of HPV (especially types 6 and 11) can cause genital warts and respiratory papillomatosis (a disease in which tumours grow in the air passages leading from the nose and mouth into the lungs). Although these conditions very rarely result in death, they may cause significant occurrence of disease. Genital warts are very common, highly infectious and affect sexual life.",
"Although most HPV infections clear up on their own and most pre-cancerous lesions resolve spontaneously, there is a risk for all women that HPV infection may become chronic and pre-cancerous lesions progress to invasive cervical cancer.",
"It takes 15 to 20 years for cervical cancer to develop in women with normal immune systems. It can take only 5 to 10 years in women with weakened immune systems, such as those with untreated HIV infection.",
"immune status – people who are immunocompromised, such as those living with HIV, are more likely to have persistent HPV infections and a more rapid progression to pre-cancer and cancer;",
"Worldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women with an estimated 570 000 new cases in 2018 representing 7.5% of all female cancer deaths. Of the estimated more than 311 000 deaths from cervical cancer every year, more than 85% of these occur in low and middle income countries. Women living with HIV are six times more likely to get cervical cancer compared to women without HIV, and an estimated 5% of all cervical cancer cases are attributable to HIV (2).",
"In high income countries, programmes are in place which enable girls to be vaccinated against HPV and women to get screened regularly. Screening allows pre-cancerous lesions to be identified at stages when they can easily be treated.",
"In low and middle income countries, there is limited access to these preventative measures and cervical cancer is often not identified until it has further advanced and symptoms develop. In addition, access to treatment of such late-stage disease (for example, cancer surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy) may be very limited, resulting in a higher rate of death from cervical cancer in these countries.",
"The high mortality rate from cervical cancer globally (Age Standardized Rate: 6.9/100,000 in 2018) could be reduced by effective interventions.",
"The Global strategy towards eliminating cervical cancer as a public health problem adopted by the WHA in 2020, recommends a comprehensive approach to cervical cancer prevention and control. The recommended set of actions includes interventions across the life course.",
"Women who are sexually active should be screened for abnormal cervical cells and pre-cancerous lesions, starting from 30 years of age in the general population of women. Screening for sexually active women living with HIV should start at an earlier age, once they have tested positive for HIV.",
"If treatment of pre-cancer is needed to excise abnormal cells or lesions, cryotherapy or thermal ablation both destroy abnormal tissue on the cervix) is recommended and is performed in outpatient clinic.",
"If signs of cervical cancer are present, treatment options for invasive cancer include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and patients need to be referred to the right level of services.",
"There are currently 3 vaccines that have been prequalified, all protecting against both HPV 16 and 18, which are known to cause at least 70% of cervical cancers. The third vaccine protects against five additional oncogenic HPV types, which cause a further 20% of cervical cancers. Given that the vaccines which are only protecting against HPV 16 and 18 also have some cross- protection against these other less common HPV types which cause cervical cancer, WHO considers the three vaccines equally protective against cervical cancer. Two of the vaccines also protect against HPV types 6 and 11, which cause anogenital warts.",
"Clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance have shown that HPV vaccines are very safe and very effective in preventing infections with HPV infections, high grade precancerous lesions and invasive cancer (3).",
"HPV vaccines work best if administered prior to exposure to HPV. Therefore, WHO recommends to vaccinate girls, aged between 9 and 14 years, when most have not started sexual activity. The vaccines cannot treat HPV infection or HPV- associated disease, such as cancer.",
"Some countries have started to vaccinate boys as the vaccination prevents genital cancers in males as well as females, and two available vaccines also prevent genital warts in males and females.",
"WHO recommends vaccination for girls aged between 9 and 14 years, as this is the most cost- effective public health measure against cervical cancer",
"HPV vaccination does not replace cervical cancer screening. In countries where HPV vaccine is introduced, screening programmes may still need to be developed or strengthened.",
"Cervical cancer screening involves testing for pre-cancer and cancer, more and more testing for HPV infection is performed. Testing is done among women who have no symptoms and may feel perfectly healthy. When screening detects an HPV infection or pre-cancerous lesions, these can easily be treated, and cancer can be avoided. Screening can also detect cancer at an early stage and treatment has a high potential for cure.",
"Because pre-cancerous lesions take many years to develop, screening is recommended for every woman from aged 30 and regularly afterwards (frequency depends on the screening test used). For women living with HIV who are sexually active, screening should be done earlier, as soon as they know their HIV status.",
"Screening has to be linked to treatment and management of positive screening tests. Screening without proper management in place is not ethical.",
"For treatment of pre-cancer lesions, WHO recommends the use of cryotherapy or thermal ablation and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) when available. For advanced lesions, women should be referred for further investigations and adequate management.",
"When a woman presents symptoms of suspicion for cervical cancer, she must be referred to an appropriate facility for further evaluation, diagnosis and treatment.",
"Diagnosis of cervical cancer must be made by histopathologic examination. Staging is done based on tumor size and spread of the disease within the pelvis and to distant organs. Treatment depends on the stage of the disease and options include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Palliative care is also an essential element of cancer management to relieve unnecessary pain and suffering due the disease.",
"The World Health Assembly adopted the global strategy to accelerate the elimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem and its associated goals and targets for the period 2020–2030 (WHA 73.2) (4). The global strategy to eliminate cervical cancer has set targets to accelerate the elimination:",
"90–70–90 targets that need to be met by 2030 for countries to be on the path towards cervical cancer elimination",
"90% of women identified with cervical disease receive treatment (90% of women with pre-cancer treated; 90% of women with invasive cancer managed).",
"WHO has developed guidance and tools on how to prevent and control cervical cancer through vaccination, screening and management of invasive cancer and a knowledge repository will make them available through a single point. WHO works with countries and partners to develop and implement comprehensive programmes in line w the global strategy.",
"(2) Stelzle D, Tanaka LF, Lee KK, et al. Estimates of the global burden of cervical cancer associated with HIV. Lancet Glob Health 2020; published online Nov 16. DOI:S2214-109X(20)30459-9 https://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(20)30459-9/fulltext",
"(3) Lei et al. (2020) HPV Vaccination and the Risk of Invasive Cervical Cancer. N Engl J Med 2020;383:1340-8. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1917338"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer\n\nWhen autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and\nenter to select.\n\n * All topics »\n * A\n * B\n * C\n * D\n * E\n * F\n * G\n * H\n * I\n * J\n * K\n * L\n * M\n * N\n * O\n * P\n * Q\n * R\n * S\n * T\n * U\n * V\n * W\n * X\n * Y\n * Z\n\n * Resources »\n\n * Fact sheets\n * Facts in pictures\n * Multimedia\n * Publications\n * Questions & answers\n * Tools and toolkits\n\n * Popular »\n\n * Coronavirus disease (COVID-19)\n * Ebola virus disease\n * Air pollution\n * Hepatitis\n * Top 10 causes of death\n\nWorld Health Assembly »\n\n * All countries »\n * A\n * B\n * C\n * D\n * E\n * F\n * G\n * H\n * I\n * J\n * K\n * L\n * M\n * N\n * O\n * P\n * Q\n * R\n * S\n * T\n * U\n * V\n * W\n * X\n * Y\n * Z\n\n * Regions »\n\n * Africa\n * Americas\n * South-East Asia\n * Europe\n * Eastern Mediterranean\n * Western Pacific\n\n * WHO in countries »\n\n * Statistics\n * Cooperation strategies\n\nYemen crisis »\n\nSadeq Al Wesabi Hasan An internally displaced family in a camp in Hudaydah\n\n© Credits\n\n * All news »\n\n * News releases\n * Statements\n * Campaigns\n * Commentaries\n * Events\n * Feature stories\n * Speeches\n * Spotlights\n * Newsletters\n * Photo library\n * Media distribution list\n\n * Headlines »\n\n * Timeline: WHO's COVID-19 response »\n\n * Focus on »\n\n * COVID-19 pandemic\n * Ebola virus disease outbreak DRC 2021\n * Syria crisis\n * Crisis in Northern Ethiopia\n * Afghanistan Crisis\n\n * Latest »\n\n * Disease Outbreak News\n * Travel advice\n * Situation reports\n * Weekly Epidemiological Record\n\n * WHO in emergencies »\n\n * Surveillance\n * Research\n * Funding\n * Partners\n * Operations\n * Independent Oversight and Advisory Committee\n\n * Health Emergency Dashboard »\n\nWHO\n\n© Credits\n\n * Data at WHO »\n\n * Global Health Estimates\n * Health SDGs\n * Mortality\n * Triple billion targets\n * Data collections\n\n * Dashboards »\n\n * COVID-19 Dashboard\n * Triple Billion Dashboard\n * Health Equity monitor\n * Mortality\n\n * Highlights »\n\n * GHO\n * SCORE\n * Insights and visualizations\n * Data collection tools\n * Reports\n\nWHO\n\n© Credits\n\n * About WHO »\n\n * People\n * Teams\n * Structure\n * Partnerships\n * Collaborating Centres\n * Expert Groups\n * Transformation\n\n * Our Work »\n\n * General Programme of Work\n * WHO Academy\n * Activities\n * Initiatives\n\n * Funding »\n\n * Assessed contributions\n * Flexible funding\n * WHO Foundation\n\n * Accountability »\n\n * Audit\n * Budget\n * Financial statements\n * Programme Budget Portal\n * Results Report\n\n * Governance »\n\n * World Health Assembly\n * Executive Board\n * Election of Director-General\n * Governing Bodies website\n\n * Home/\n * Newsroom/\n * Fact sheets/\n * Detail/\n * Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer\n\nWHO/N. Lkhagvasuren Human papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral\ninfection of the reproductive tract.\n\n© Credits\n\n# Human papillomavirus (HPV) and cervical cancer\n\n11 November 2020\n\n## Key facts\n\n * Human papillomavirus (HPV) is a group of viruses that are extremely common worldwide.\n * There are more than 100 types of HPV, of which at least 14 are cancer-causing (also known as high risk type).\n * HPV is mainly transmitted through sexual contact and most people are infected with HPV shortly after the onset of sexual activity.\n * Cervical cancer is caused by sexually acquired infection with certain types of HPV.\n * Two HPV types (16 and 18) cause 70% of cervical cancers and pre-cancerous cervical lesions.\n * There is also evidence linking HPV with cancers of the anus, vulva, vagina, penis and oropharynx.\n * Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer among women globally, with an estimated 570,000 new cases in 2018. Nearly 90% of the 311,000 deaths worldwide in 2018 occurred in LMICs (1).\n * Comprehensive cervical cancer control includes primary prevention (vaccination against HPV), secondary prevention (screening and treatment of pre-cancerous lesions), tertiary prevention (diagnosis and treatment of invasive cervical cancer) and palliative care.\n * Vaccines that protect against HPV 16 and 18 are recommended by WHO and have been approved for use in many countries.\n * Clinical trials and post-marketing surveillance have shown that HPV vaccines are safe and effective in preventing infections with HPV infections.\n * Screening and treatment of pre-cancer lesions in women is a cost-effective way to prevent cervical cancer.\n * Cervical cancer can be cured if diagnosed at an early stage and treated promptly.\n\n## What is HPV?\n\nHuman papillomavirus (HPV) is the most common viral infection of the\nreproductive tract. Most sexually active women and men will be infected at\nsome point in their lives and some may be repeatedly infected.\n\nThe peak time for acquiring infection for both women and men is shortly after\nbecoming sexually active. HPV is sexually transmitted, but penetrative sex is\nnot required for transmission. Skin-to-skin genital contact is a well-\nrecognized mode of transmission.\n\nThere are many types of HPV, and many do not cause problems. HPV infections\nusually clear up without any intervention within a few months after\nacquisition, and about 90% clear within 2 years. A small proportion of\ninfections with certain types of HPV can persist and progress to cervical\ncancer.\n\nCervical cancer is by far the most common HPV-related disease. Nearly all\ncases of cervical cancer can be attributable to HPV infection.\n\nThe infection with certain HPV types also causes a proportion of cancers of\nthe anus, vulva, vagina, penis and oropharynx, which are preventable using\nsimilar primary prevention strategies as those for cervical cancer.\n\nNon-cancer causing types of HPV (especially types 6 and 11) can cause genital\nwarts and respiratory papillomatosis (a disease in which tumours grow in the\nair passages leading from the nose and mouth into the lungs). Although these\nconditions very rarely result in death, they may cause significant occurrence\nof disease. Genital warts are very common, highly infectious and affect sexual\nlife.\n\n## How HPV infection leads to cervical cancer\n\nAlthough most HPV infections clear up on their own and most pre-cancerous\nlesions resolve spontaneously, there is a risk for all women that HPV\ninfection may become chronic and pre-cancerous lesions progress to invasive\ncervical cancer.\n\nIt takes 15 to 20 years for cervical cancer to develop in women with normal\nimmune systems. It can take only 5 to 10 years in women with weakened immune\nsystems, such as those with untreated HIV infection.\n\n## Risk factors for HPV persistence and development of cervical cancer\n\n * HPV type – its oncogenicity or cancer-causing strength;\n * immune status – people who are immunocompromised, such as those living with HIV, are more likely to have persistent HPV infections and a more rapid progression to pre-cancer and cancer;\n * coinfection with other sexually transmitted agents, such as those that cause herpes simplex, chlamydia and gonorrhoea;\n * parity (number of babies born) and young age at first birth;\n * tobacco smoking\n\n## Global burden of cervical cancer\n\nWorldwide, cervical cancer is the fourth most frequent cancer in women with an\nestimated 570 000 new cases in 2018 representing 7.5% of all female cancer\ndeaths. Of the estimated more than 311 000 deaths from cervical cancer every\nyear, more than 85% of these occur in low and middle income countries. Women\nliving with HIV are six times more likely to get cervical cancer compared to\nwomen without HIV, and an estimated 5% of all cervical cancer cases are\nattributable to HIV (2).\n\nIn high income countries, programmes are in place which enable girls to be\nvaccinated against HPV and women to get screened regularly. Screening allows\npre-cancerous lesions to be identified at stages when they can easily be\ntreated.\n\nIn low and middle income countries, there is limited access to these\npreventative measures and cervical cancer is often not identified until it has\nfurther advanced and symptoms develop. In addition, access to treatment of\nsuch late-stage disease (for example, cancer surgery, radiotherapy and\nchemotherapy) may be very limited, resulting in a higher rate of death from\ncervical cancer in these countries.\n\nThe high mortality rate from cervical cancer globally (Age Standardized Rate:\n6.9/100,000 in 2018) could be reduced by effective interventions.\n\n## Cervical cancer control: A comprehensive approach\n\nThe Global strategy towards eliminating cervical cancer as a public health\nproblem adopted by the WHA in 2020, recommends a comprehensive approach to\ncervical cancer prevention and control. The recommended set of actions\nincludes interventions across the life course.\n\nThe life-course approach to cervical cancer interventions\n\nPrimary prevention\n\n|\n\nSecondary prevention\n\n|\n\nTertiary prevention \n \n---|---|--- \n \nGirls 9-14 years\n\n * HPV vaccination\n\n| Women 30 years old or older| All women as needed \n \nGirls and boys, as appropriate\n\n * Health information and warnings about tobacco use\n * Sex education tailored to age and culture\n * Condom promotion and provision for those engaged in sexual activity\n * Male circumcision\n\n|\n\n * Screening with a high-performance test equivalent or better than HPV test\n * Followed by immediate treatment or as quickly as possible, of pre-cancer lesions\n\n|\n\nTreatment of invasive cancer at any age\n\n * Surgery\n * Radiotherapy\n * Chemotherapy\n * Palliative care\n\n \n \nIt should be multidisciplinary, including components from community education,\nsocial mobilization, vaccination, screening, treatment and palliative care.\n\nPrimary prevention begins with HPV vaccination of girls aged 9-14 years,\nbefore they become sexually active.\n\nWomen who are sexually active should be screened for abnormal cervical cells\nand pre-cancerous lesions, starting from 30 years of age in the general\npopulation of women. Screening for sexually active women living with HIV\nshould start at an earlier age, once they have tested positive for HIV.\n\nIf treatment of pre-cancer is needed to excise abnormal cells or lesions,\ncryotherapy or thermal ablation both destroy abnormal tissue on the cervix) is\nrecommended and is performed in outpatient clinic.\n\nIf signs of cervical cancer are present, treatment options for invasive cancer\ninclude surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy and patients need to be\nreferred to the right level of services.\n\n## HPV vaccination\n\nThere are currently 3 vaccines that have been prequalified, all protecting\nagainst both HPV 16 and 18, which are known to cause at least 70% of cervical\ncancers. The third vaccine protects against five additional oncogenic HPV\ntypes, which cause a further 20% of cervical cancers. Given that the vaccines\nwhich are only protecting against HPV 16 and 18 also have some cross-\nprotection against these other less common HPV types which cause cervical\ncancer, WHO considers the three vaccines equally protective against cervical\ncancer. Two of the vaccines also protect against HPV types 6 and 11, which\ncause anogenital warts.\n\nClinical trials and post-marketing surveillance have shown that HPV vaccines\nare very safe and very effective in preventing infections with HPV infections,\nhigh grade precancerous lesions and invasive cancer (3).\n\nHPV vaccines work best if administered prior to exposure to HPV. Therefore,\nWHO recommends to vaccinate girls, aged between 9 and 14 years, when most have\nnot started sexual activity. The vaccines cannot treat HPV infection or HPV-\nassociated disease, such as cancer.\n\nSome countries have started to vaccinate boys as the vaccination prevents\ngenital cancers in males as well as females, and two available vaccines also\nprevent genital warts in males and females.\n\nWHO recommends vaccination for girls aged between 9 and 14 years, as this is\nthe most cost- effective public health measure against cervical cancer\n\nHPV vaccination does not replace cervical cancer screening. In countries where\nHPV vaccine is introduced, screening programmes may still need to be developed\nor strengthened.\n\n## Screening and treatment of pre-cancer lesions\n\nCervical cancer screening involves testing for pre-cancer and cancer, more and\nmore testing for HPV infection is performed. Testing is done among women who\nhave no symptoms and may feel perfectly healthy. When screening detects an HPV\ninfection or pre-cancerous lesions, these can easily be treated, and cancer\ncan be avoided. Screening can also detect cancer at an early stage and\ntreatment has a high potential for cure.\n\nBecause pre-cancerous lesions take many years to develop, screening is\nrecommended for every woman from aged 30 and regularly afterwards (frequency\ndepends on the screening test used). For women living with HIV who are\nsexually active, screening should be done earlier, as soon as they know their\nHIV status.\n\nScreening has to be linked to treatment and management of positive screening\ntests. Screening without proper management in place is not ethical.\n\nThere are 3 different types of screening tests that are currently recommended\nby WHO:\n\n * HPV DNA testing for high-risk HPV types\n * Visual inspection with Acetic Acid (VIA)\n * conventional (Pap) test and liquid-based cytology (LBC)\n\nFor treatment of pre-cancer lesions, WHO recommends the use of cryotherapy or\nthermal ablation and Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure (LEEP) when\navailable. For advanced lesions, women should be referred for further\ninvestigations and adequate management.\n\n## Management of invasive cervical cancer\n\nWhen a woman presents symptoms of suspicion for cervical cancer, she must be\nreferred to an appropriate facility for further evaluation, diagnosis and\ntreatment.\n\nSymptoms of early stage cervical cancer may include:\n\n * Irregular blood spotting or light bleeding between periods in women of reproductive age;\n * Postmenopausal spotting or bleeding;\n * Bleeding after sexual intercourse; and\n * Increased vaginal discharge, sometimes foul smelling.\n\nAs cervical cancer advances, more severe symptoms may appear including:\n\n * Persistent back, leg and/or pelvic pain;\n * Weight loss, fatigue, loss of appetite;\n * Foul-smell discharge and vaginal discomfort; and\n * Swelling of a leg or both lower extremities.\n\nOther severe symptoms may arise at advanced stages depending on which organs\ncancer has spread.\n\nDiagnosis of cervical cancer must be made by histopathologic examination.\nStaging is done based on tumor size and spread of the disease within the\npelvis and to distant organs. Treatment depends on the stage of the disease\nand options include surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Palliative care is\nalso an essential element of cancer management to relieve unnecessary pain and\nsuffering due the disease.\n\n## WHO response\n\nThe World Health Assembly adopted the global strategy to accelerate the\nelimination of cervical cancer as a public health problem and its associated\ngoals and targets for the period 2020–2030 (WHA 73.2) (4). The global strategy\nto eliminate cervical cancer has set targets to accelerate the elimination:\n\n * a threshold of 4 per 100,000 women-year for elimination as a public health problem\n * 90–70–90 targets that need to be met by 2030 for countries to be on the path towards cervical cancer elimination\n * 90% of girls fully vaccinated with the HPV vaccine by age 15.\n * 70% of women are screened with a high-performance test by 35, and again by 45 years of age.\n * 90% of women identified with cervical disease receive treatment (90% of women with pre-cancer treated; 90% of women with invasive cancer managed).\n\nWHO has developed guidance and tools on how to prevent and control cervical\ncancer through vaccination, screening and management of invasive cancer and a\nknowledge repository will make them available through a single point. WHO\nworks with countries and partners to develop and implement comprehensive\nprogrammes in line w the global strategy.\n\n## References\n\n(1) Ferlay J, Ervik M, Lam F, Colombet M, Mery L, Piñeros M, Znaor A,\nSoerjomataram I, Bray F (2018). Global Cancer Observatory: Cancer Today. Lyon,\nFrance: International Agency for Research on Cancer. Available from:\nhttps://gco.iarc.fr/today\n\n(2) Stelzle D, Tanaka LF, Lee KK, et al. Estimates of the global burden of\ncervical cancer associated with HIV. Lancet Glob Health 2020; published online\nNov 16. DOI:S2214-109X(20)30459-9\nhttps://www.thelancet.com/journals/langlo/article/PIIS2214-109X(20)30459-9/fulltext\n\n(3) Lei et al. (2020) HPV Vaccination and the Risk of Invasive Cervical\nCancer. N Engl J Med 2020;383:1340-8. DOI: 10.1056/NEJMoa1917338\n\n(4) World Health Organization. Global strategy to accelerate the elimination\nof cervical cancer as a public health problem\nhttps://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789240014107\n\nRelated\n\n * Comprehensive cervical cancer control: a guide to essential practice\n * HPV vaccination\n * Screening & early detection of cancer\n * Burden of cervical cancer disease by country (GLOBOCAN)\n * WHO's work on cancer\n\nNews\n\nTo eliminate cervical cancer in the next 100 years, implementing an effective\nstrategy is critical 4 February 2020\n\nFact sheets\n\nCancer 21 September 2021\n\nMore\n\nDownload resources\n\n * Regions\n\n * Africa\n * Americas\n * Eastern Mediterranean\n * Europe\n * South-East Asia\n * Western Pacific\n * Policies\n\n * Cyber security\n * Ethics\n * Permissions and licensing\n * Terms of use\n * About us\n\n * Careers\n * Library\n * Procurement\n * Publications\n * Frequently asked questions\n * Contact us\n\nSubscribe to our newsletters\n\nPrivacy Legal Notice\n\n© 2021\n\nWHO\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/treating.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416185725/https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/treating.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Is Cervical Cancer Treated?",
"passages": [
"If you've been diagnosed with cervical cancer, your cancer care team will talk with you about treatment options. In choosing your treatment plan, you and your cancer care team will also take into account your age, your overall health, and your personal preferences.",
"Depending on the type and stage of your cancer, you may need more than one type of treatment. For the earliest stages of cervical cancer, either surgery or radiation combined with chemo may be used. For later stages, radiation combined with chemo is usually the main treatment. Chemo (by itself) is often used to treat advanced cervical cancer.",
"A gynecologic oncologist: a doctor who specializes in cancers of the female reproductive system who can perform surgery and prescribe chemotherapy and other medicines",
"Many other specialists may be involved in your care as well, including nurse practitioners, nurses, psychologists, social workers, rehabilitation specialists, and other health professionals.",
"It's important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals and possible side effects, with your doctors to help make the decisions that best fit your needs. It’s also very important to ask questions if there’s anything you’re not sure about. Although the choice of treatment depends largely on the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis, other factors that may influence your options are your age, your general health, your individual circumstances, and your preferences. Cervical cancer can affect your sex life and your ability to have children. These concerns should also be considered as you make treatment decisions. Be sure that you understand all the risks and side effects of the various treatments before making a decision.",
"If time permits, it is often a good idea to seek a second opinion. A second opinion can give you more information and help you feel more confident about the treatment plan you choose.",
"Clinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get a closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are one way to get state-of-the art cancer treatment. In some cases they may be the only way to get access to newer treatments. They are also the best way for doctors to learn better methods to treat cancer. Still, they're not right for everyone.",
"If you would like to learn more about clinical trials that might be right for you, start by asking your doctor if your clinic or hospital conducts clinical trials.",
"You may hear about alternative or complementary methods that your doctor hasn’t mentioned to treat your cancer or relieve symptoms. These methods can include vitamins, herbs, and special diets, or other methods such as acupuncture or massage, to name a few.",
"Complementary methods refer to treatments that are used along with your regular medical care. Alternative treatments are used instead of a doctor’s medical treatment. Although some of these methods might be helpful in relieving symptoms or helping you feel better, many have not been proven to work. Some might even be harmful.",
"Be sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking about using. They can help you learn what is known (or not known) about the method, which can help you make an informed decision.",
"People with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of illness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources you need will help you make informed decisions about your care.",
"Whether you are thinking about treatment, getting treatment, or not being treated at all, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms. Communicating with your cancer care team is important so you understand your diagnosis, what treatment is recommended, and ways to maintain or improve your quality of life.",
"Different types of programs and support services may be helpful, and can be an important part of your care. These might include nursing or social work services, financial aid, nutritional advice, rehab, or spiritual help.",
"The American Cancer Society also has programs and services – including rides to treatment, lodging, and more – to help you get through treatment. Call our National Cancer Information Center at 1-800-227-2345 and speak with one of our trained specialists.",
"For some people, when treatments have been tried and are no longer controlling the cancer, it could be time to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing to try new treatments. Whether or not you continue treatment, there are still things you can do to help maintain or improve your quality of life.",
"Some people, especially if the cancer is advanced, might not want to be treated at all. There are many reasons you might decide not to get cancer treatment, but it’s important to talk to your doctors and you make that decision. Remember that even if you choose not to treat the cancer, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms.",
"The treatment information given here is not official policy of the American Cancer Society and is not intended as medical advice to replace the expertise and judgment of your cancer care team. It is intended to help you and your family make informed decisions, together with your doctor. Your doctor may have reasons for suggesting a treatment plan different from these general treatment options. Don't hesitate to ask him or her questions about your treatment options.",
"© 2021 American Cancer Society, Inc. All rights reserved. The American Cancer Society is a qualified 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. Tax ID Number: 13-1788491. Cancer.org is provided courtesy of the Leo and Gloria Rosen family."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cervical Cancer Treatment| How Is Cervical Cancer Treated?\n\nWhat patients and caregivers need to know about cancer, coronavirus, and\nCOVID-19.\n\nClose Critical Alert Banner\n\nSkip to Content\n\nVer en español\n\n|\n\nDownload this topic [PDF]\n\n * Cancer A-Z\n * Cervical Cancer\n\n# Treating Cervical Cancer\n\nIf you've been diagnosed with cervical cancer, your cancer care team will talk\nwith you about treatment options. In choosing your treatment plan, you and\nyour cancer care team will also take into account your age, your overall\nhealth, and your personal preferences.\n\n### How is cervical cancer treated?\n\nCommon types of treatments for cervical cancer include:\n\n * Surgery for Cervical Cancer\n * Radiation Therapy for Cervical Cancer\n * Chemotherapy for Cervical Cancer\n * Targeted Therapy for Cervical Cancer\n * Immunotherapy for Cervical Cancer\n\n### Common treatment approaches\n\nDepending on the type and stage of your cancer, you may need more than one\ntype of treatment. For the earliest stages of cervical cancer, either surgery\nor radiation combined with chemo may be used. For later stages, radiation\ncombined with chemo is usually the main treatment. Chemo (by itself) is often\nused to treat advanced cervical cancer.\n\n * Treatment Options for Cervical Cancer, by Stage\n\n### Who treats cervical cancer?\n\nDoctors on your cancer treatment team may include:\n\n * A gynecologist: a doctor who treats diseases of the female reproductive system\n * A gynecologic oncologist: a doctor who specializes in cancers of the female reproductive system who can perform surgery and prescribe chemotherapy and other medicines\n * A radiation oncologist: a doctor who uses radiation to treat cancer\n * A medical oncologist: a doctor who uses chemotherapy and other medicines to treat cancer\n\nMany other specialists may be involved in your care as well, including nurse\npractitioners, nurses, psychologists, social workers, rehabilitation\nspecialists, and other health professionals.\n\n * Health Professionals Associated with Cancer Care\n\n### Making treatment decisions\n\nIt's important to discuss all of your treatment options, including their goals\nand possible side effects, with your doctors to help make the decisions that\nbest fit your needs. It’s also very important to ask questions if there’s\nanything you’re not sure about. Although the choice of treatment depends\nlargely on the stage of the disease at the time of diagnosis, other factors\nthat may influence your options are your age, your general health, your\nindividual circumstances, and your preferences. Cervical cancer can affect\nyour sex life and your ability to have children. These concerns should also be\nconsidered as you make treatment decisions. Be sure that you understand all\nthe risks and side effects of the various treatments before making a decision.\n\nIf time permits, it is often a good idea to seek a second opinion. A second\nopinion can give you more information and help you feel more confident about\nthe treatment plan you choose.\n\n * Questions To Ask About Cervical Cancer\n * Fertility and Sexual Side Effects\n * Seeking a Second Opinion\n\n### Thinking about taking part in a clinical trial\n\nClinical trials are carefully controlled research studies that are done to get\na closer look at promising new treatments or procedures. Clinical trials are\none way to get state-of-the art cancer treatment. In some cases they may be\nthe only way to get access to newer treatments. They are also the best way for\ndoctors to learn better methods to treat cancer. Still, they're not right for\neveryone.\n\nIf you would like to learn more about clinical trials that might be right for\nyou, start by asking your doctor if your clinic or hospital conducts clinical\ntrials.\n\n * Clinical Trials\n\n### Considering complementary and alternative methods\n\nYou may hear about alternative or complementary methods that your doctor\nhasn’t mentioned to treat your cancer or relieve symptoms. These methods can\ninclude vitamins, herbs, and special diets, or other methods such as\nacupuncture or massage, to name a few.\n\nComplementary methods refer to treatments that are used along with your\nregular medical care. Alternative treatments are used instead of a doctor’s\nmedical treatment. Although some of these methods might be helpful in\nrelieving symptoms or helping you feel better, many have not been proven to\nwork. Some might even be harmful.\n\nBe sure to talk to your cancer care team about any method you are thinking\nabout using. They can help you learn what is known (or not known) about the\nmethod, which can help you make an informed decision.\n\n * Complementary and Alternative Medicine\n\n### Help getting through cancer treatment\n\nPeople with cancer need support and information, no matter what stage of\nillness they may be in. Knowing all of your options and finding the resources\nyou need will help you make informed decisions about your care.\n\nWhether you are thinking about treatment, getting treatment, or not being\ntreated at all, you can still get supportive care to help with pain or other\nsymptoms. Communicating with your cancer care team is important so you\nunderstand your diagnosis, what treatment is recommended, and ways to maintain\nor improve your quality of life.\n\nDifferent types of programs and support services may be helpful, and can be an\nimportant part of your care. These might include nursing or social work\nservices, financial aid, nutritional advice, rehab, or spiritual help.\n\nThe American Cancer Society also has programs and services – including rides\nto treatment, lodging, and more – to help you get through treatment. Call our\nNational Cancer Information Center at 1-800-227-2345 and speak with one of our\ntrained specialists.\n\n * Palliative Care\n * Find Support Programs and Services in Your Area\n\n### Choosing to stop treatment or choosing no treatment at all\n\nFor some people, when treatments have been tried and are no longer controlling\nthe cancer, it could be time to weigh the benefits and risks of continuing to\ntry new treatments. Whether or not you continue treatment, there are still\nthings you can do to help maintain or improve your quality of life.\n\nSome people, especially if the cancer is advanced, might not want to be\ntreated at all. There are many reasons you might decide not to get cancer\ntreatment, but it’s important to talk to your doctors and you make that\ndecision. Remember that even if you choose not to treat the cancer, you can\nstill get supportive care to help with pain or other symptoms.\n\n * If Cancer Treatments Stop Working\n\nThe treatment information given here is not official policy of the American\nCancer Society and is not intended as medical advice to replace the expertise\nand judgment of your cancer care team. It is intended to help you and your\nfamily make informed decisions, together with your doctor. Your doctor may\nhave reasons for suggesting a treatment plan different from these general\ntreatment options. Don't hesitate to ask him or her questions about your\ntreatment options.\n\n##\n\nMore In Cervical Cancer\n\n * About Cervical Cancer\n * Causes, Risk Factors, and Prevention\n * Early Detection, Diagnosis, and Staging\n * Treatment\n * After Treatment\n\nBackTo Top\n\nImagine a world free from cancer. Help make it a reality.\n\nDONATE\n\n#### Follow Us\n\nTwitter Facebook Instagram\n\nCancer Information, Answers, and Hope. Available Every Minute of Every Day.\n\n### 800.227.2345\n\n#### Follow Us\n\nTwitter Facebook Instagram\n\n© 2021 American Cancer Society, Inc. All rights reserved. The American Cancer\nSociety is a qualified 501(c)(3) tax-exempt organization. Tax ID Number:\n13-1788491. Cancer.org is provided courtesy of the Leo and Gloria Rosen\nfamily.\n\n##### *\n\nImage of\n\nPrevious Next\n\nClose\n\n#### Select A Hope Lodge\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.healthcommunities.com:80/gynecological-tests/pap-smear.shtml",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200201192207/http://www.healthcommunities.com:80/gynecological-tests/pap-smear.shtml",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "HealthCommunities.com",
"passages": [
"In Pap smear, a sample of loose cells is gently scraped from the cervix (the lower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina), spread on a glass slide, and sent to a laboratory for microscopic examination. A Pap smear is often done as part of a routine gynecologic examination in women, and is able to detect precancerous and cancerous conditions in their early and most treatable stages.",
"Alternatively, a new technique known as a liquid-based smear involves placing the scraped specimen into a vial of liquid. This liquid-based material is then studied under a microscope.",
"Performed regularly in women after age 18 to 21 (or in younger women who are sexually active) to screen for cancer of the vagina, cervix, and uterus.",
"The test should not be performed during your menstrual period, since the presence of blood may interfere with the results.",
"The presence of vaginal or cervical infection or inflammation may result in an abnormal Pap smear in the absence of any malignant or precancerous condition; this is known as a false-positive result and may lead to unnecessary follow-up tests.",
"You will lie on your back on an examination table, with your knees bent and your feet raised and resting in stirrups.",
"A small metal or plastic instrument, called a speculum, is inserted into your vagina. (Insertion may cause slight discomfort, but is not painful.) The speculum holds the walls of the vagina open so that the examiner can view the upper vagina and cervix. Relax and breathe through your mouth to ease the insertion.",
"A pathologist will examine the Pap smear under a microscope for the presence of unusual cells. In addition, several computer programs are currently available to help recognize and classify any abnormal cells.",
"If your Pap smear is normal, the test will typically be repeated annually, depending on your age, your risk factors, and any abnormalities found on the previous Pap smear.",
"If abnormal cells are detected, you may need to undergo further testing—such as colposcopy with a cervical punch biopsy, or pelvic or transvaginal ultrasound—to establish a diagnosis and determine the extent of the problem.",
"The content on this website is provided for educational purposes only. It is not a substitute for medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Use of this site is subject to the policies and terms of use."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pap Smear - Gynecological Tests - HealthCommunities.com\n\n * Home\n * Health Topics\n\n#### Browse Topics by Specialty\n\n###### Body and Mind\n\n * Allergies & Asthma\n * Bones, Joints & Muscles\n * Brain & Nerves\n * Cancer\n * Cold/Flu/Infections\n * Dental Health\n * Diabetes\n * Digestive Health\n * Ears/Nose/Throat\n * Eye Health\n * Foot Health\n * Headache & Migraine\n * Heart Health\n * Lung Conditions\n * Mental Health\n * Sexual Health\n * Skin and Beauty\n * Urological & Kidney Concerns\n\n###### You and Your Family\n\n * Kids' Health\n * Men's Health\n * Pet Health\n * Women's Health\n\n###### Living Well\n\n * Diet/Nutrition & Recipes\n * Exercise & Fitness\n * Sleep\n\n###### Your Care\n\n * Alternative Medicine\n * Surgeries & Tests\n\n#### Search All Topics A-Z\n\nA B C D E F G H I J K L M N O P Q R S T U V W X\n\nY Z\n\nView All Topics »\n\n#### Feature Article\n\n#### Better Bladder Control\n\nUp to 54% of people with symptoms of bladder control problems haven't talked\nto their doctor.\n\nRead More »\n\n * Healthy Living Guides\n * Find a Doctor\n * Free Newsletters\n * Tools and Apps\n * Find us on\n\n * Home\n * Health Topics\n * Surgeries & Tests\n * Gynecological Tests\n\nGynecological Tests\n\n * Tests\n\n#### Gynecological Tests\n\n * Pap Smear\n * Cervical Cone Biopsy\n * Endometrial Biopsy\n * Laparoscopy (Pelvic Endoscopy, Peritoneoscopy)\n * Wet Mount (Vaginitis Test, Wet Prep)\n\n * Colposcopy and Cervical Punch Biopsy\n * Pelvic or Transvaginal Ultrasound\n * Hysteroscopy\n * Sonohysterogram (Sonohysterography, Hysterosonography)\n\n# Pap Smear\n\nPrint\n\nPrint\n\n## Pap Test or Papanicolaou Test\n\nIn Pap smear, a sample of loose cells is gently scraped from the cervix (the\nlower part of the uterus that opens into the vagina), spread on a glass slide,\nand sent to a laboratory for microscopic examination. A Pap smear is often\ndone as part of a routine gynecologic examination in women, and is able to\ndetect precancerous and cancerous conditions in their early and most treatable\nstages.\n\nAlternatively, a new technique known as a liquid-based smear involves placing\nthe scraped specimen into a vial of liquid. This liquid-based material is then\nstudied under a microscope.\n\n## Purpose of the Pap Smear\n\n * To check for cervical cell changes that could develop into cancer. It can also detect cancer cells.\n * Performed regularly in women after age 18 to 21 (or in younger women who are sexually active) to screen for cancer of the vagina, cervix, and uterus.\n * To detect benign cervical abnormalities, such as inflammation of the cervix.\n\n## Who Performs Pap Smear\n\n * A gynecologist or a nurse practitioner\n\n## Special Concerns about Pap Smear\n\n * The test should not be performed during your menstrual period, since the presence of blood may interfere with the results.\n * The best time to schedule a Pap smear is two weeks after the start of your last menstrual period.\n * The presence of vaginal or cervical infection or inflammation may result in an abnormal Pap smear in the absence of any malignant or precancerous condition; this is known as a false-positive result and may lead to unnecessary follow-up tests.\n\n## Before the Pap Smear\n\n * Tell your doctor if you are taking any medications, including oral contraceptives\n * If your doctor is unaware of an abnormal Pap smear result in your past, alert him/her to it.\n * Tell your doctor if you think you might be pregnant.\n * Do not douche, use tampons or take a bath (showers are OK) a day before your test.\n * Avoid having sex 24 hours before your Pap.\n * Be sure to inform your doctor of any medications that you regularly take, including oral contraceptives.\n * You will be asked to disrobe from the waist down and to put on a drape or hospital gown.\n * You will be instructed to empty your bladder before the test.\n\n## What You Experience\n\n * You will lie on your back on an examination table, with your knees bent and your feet raised and resting in stirrups.\n * A small metal or plastic instrument, called a speculum, is inserted into your vagina. (Insertion may cause slight discomfort, but is not painful.) The speculum holds the walls of the vagina open so that the examiner can view the upper vagina and cervix. Relax and breathe through your mouth to ease the insertion.\n * The examiner then wipes a cotton swab, tiny brush, or thin wooden spatula over the cervix to collect cells.\n * You may feel some mild discomfort as the sample is obtained.\n * The cells are spread on a glass slide and sent to a laboratory for microscopic analysis.\n * The speculum is withdrawn.\n * The test usually takes about 2 to 3 minutes to perform.\n\n## Risks and Complications of Pap Smear\n\n * You may feel some discomfort during the test, which most equate to cramping. You may also feel some pressure.\n * A little bleeding after the test may occur.\n\n## After the Pap Smear\n\n * You may dress and leave the doctor’s office promptly after the test is completed.\n\n## Pap Smear Results\n\n * A pathologist will examine the Pap smear under a microscope for the presence of unusual cells. In addition, several computer programs are currently available to help recognize and classify any abnormal cells.\n * In many cases, you will not be notified of your Pap smear results unless further evaluation is needed.\n * If your Pap smear is normal, the test will typically be repeated annually, depending on your age, your risk factors, and any abnormalities found on the previous Pap smear.\n * If abnormal cells are detected, you may need to undergo further testing—such as colposcopy with a cervical punch biopsy, or pelvic or transvaginal ultrasound—to establish a diagnosis and determine the extent of the problem.\n\nSource:\n\nThe Johns Hopkins Consumer Guide to Medical Tests\n\nSimeon Margolis, M.D., Ph.D., Medical Editor\n\nUpdated by Remedy Health Media\n\nPublication Review By: the Editorial Staff at Healthcommunities.com\n\nPublished: 09 Jan 2012\n\nLast Modified: 08 Jan 2015\n\nNext Article »\n\n### Health Spotlight\n\n * 14 Ways to Prevent Asthma Attacks\n * 10 Alzheimer's Disease Warning Signs\n * Improve Diabetes through Diet & Exercise\n * Surprising Facts about Cholesterol\n * Top 7 Exercise Tips: OA of the Knee\n\n##### Health and Wellness\n\n###### Body and Mind\n\n * Allergies & Asthma\n * Bones, Joints & Muscles\n * Brain & Nerves\n * Cancer\n * Cold/Flu/Infections\n * Dental Health\n * Diabetes\n * Digestive Health\n * Ears/Nose/Throat\n\n * Eye Health\n * Foot Health\n * Headache & Migraine\n * Heart Health\n * Lung Conditions\n * Mental Health\n * Sexual Health\n * Skin and Beauty\n * Urological & Kidney Concerns\n\n###### You and Your Family\n\n * Kids' Health\n * Men's Health\n * Pet Health\n * Women's Health\n\n###### Living Well\n\n * Diet/Nutrition & Recipes\n * Exercise & Fitness\n * Sleep\n\n###### Your Care\n\n * Alternative Medicine\n * Surgeries & Tests\n\nSearch All Health Topics A-Z\n\n##### Popular Topics\n\nAlzheimer's Disease Arthritis Autism Back Pain COPD Depression Diabetes\nComplications Food Allergies Heart Disease Psoriasis Weight Loss Recipes More\n\n###### HealthCommunities.com Partners\n\n * Cornell University Department of Urology\n * Sexual Medicine Society of North America\n\nCopyright 2019 Remedy Health Media, LLC. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/stds-hiv-safer-sex/hpv/what-are-symptoms-hpv",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211014224656/https://www.plannedparenthood.org/learn/stds-hiv-safer-sex/hpv/what-are-symptoms-hpv",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What Are the Symptoms & Signs of HPV?",
"passages": [
"Planned Parenthood has a partner website about sexual health topics specifically for Nigeria. Would you like to go to the Nigeria website?",
"Most people with HPV don’t have any symptoms or health problems. Sometimes HPV can cause genital warts. Some types of HPV can cause cancer.",
"Unfortunately, most people who have a high-risk type of HPV will never show any signs of the infection until it’s already caused serious health problems. That’s why regular checkups are so important — testing is the only way to know for sure if you’re at risk for cancer from HPV. Testing can find HPV and abnormal cell changes before they cause problems, so you can get treatment to stay healthy. In most cases, cervical cancer is preventable if your doctor catches the warning signs early.",
"A Pap test, sometimes called a Pap smear, finds abnormal cells on your cervix caused by HPV — but it doesn't directly test for cancer or HPV. If a Pap test finds abnormal cells on your cervix, your doctor can monitor or treat them so they don’t turn into something more serious. An HPV test finds high-risk types of HPV on your cervix that can possibly lead to cancer. Your doctor can tell you which tests you need and how often you should get them.",
"There isn’t a test for high-risk HPV in the vulva, penis, anus, or throat, and HPV itself doesn’t have any symptoms. If it becomes cancer, then there may be some symptoms.",
"Penile cancer — cancer of the penis — might show symptoms like changes in color or thickness of the skin of your penis, or a painful sore might show up on your penis.",
"Vulvar cancer — cancer of the vulva — might show symptoms like changes in color/thickness of the skin of your vulva. There may be chronic pain, itching, or there may be a lump.",
"Throat cancer might cause a sore throat, ear pain that doesn’t go away, constant coughing, pain or trouble swallowing or breathing, weight loss, or a lump or mass in your neck.",
"Not always. The good news is most people recover from HPV infections with no health problems at all. We don’t know why some people develop long-term HPV infections, precancerous cell changes, or cancer. But we do know that having a condition that affects your immune system makes it more likely HPV will cause cervical cancer. Using tobacco (like cigarettes) also makes HPV more likely to cause cervical cancer.",
"There’s no cure for HPV, but the good news is it usually takes several years for cancer to develop. With testing, your doctor can find abnormal cells in your cervix and treat them before they turn into cancer. And the vast majority of HPV infections go away on their own and don’t cause any serious health problems — so don’t spend a ton of energy worrying about whether you have HPV. Just make sure you’re getting regular checkups, and ask your nurse or doctor when you should get HPV and/or Pap tests.",
"Genital warts are harmless growths on the skin of your vulva, vagina, cervix, penis, scrotum, or anus. Most genital warts are caused by two types of HPV — types 6 and 11. Genital warts look like fleshy, soft bumps that sometimes resemble miniature cauliflower. They’re usually painless and can be treated and removed just like the warts you might get on your hands or feet.",
"Because genital warts can look like other common bumpy skin issues, only your nurse or doctor can diagnose and treat your genital warts. Fortunately, warts aren’t dangerous and they don’t lead to cancer — that’s why the types of HPV that cause genital warts are called “low-risk.” However, they may cause irritation and discomfort, and you can pass the HPV that caused them to other people. If you think you have genital warts, it’s important to get checked out right away.",
"Most people with HPV — no matter what their gender is — don’t have any symptoms. Sometimes HPV can cause warts on your penis or vulva and around your anus. Genital warts can cause irritation and discomfort, and you can pass the HPV that caused them to other people. If you think you may have genital warts, see a doctor or nurse right away. The good news is that genital warts (and the types of HPV that cause them), while uncomfortable, aren’t dangerous.",
"Most people who have a high-risk type of HPV won’t show any signs of the infection until it’s already caused serious health problems like cancer. That’s why it’s important to see a nurse or doctor, like the staff at your local Planned Parenthood health center, for regular check-ups. High-risk HPV can cause cervical cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, and cancers of the mouth and throat.",
"It’s also a great idea to get the HPV vaccine. Getting the HPV vaccine can help prevent certain types of cancer and genital warts.",
"Planned Parenthood delivers vital reproductive health care, sex education, and information to millions of people worldwide. Planned Parenthood Federation of America, Inc. is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit under EIN 13-1644147. Donations are tax-deductible to the fullest extent allowable under the law."
]
},
"parsed_md": "What Are the Symptoms & Signs of HPV?\n\nGo to Content Go to Navigation Go to Navigation Go to Site Search Homepage\n\nPlanned Parenthood has a partner website about sexual health topics\nspecifically for Nigeria. Would you like to go to the Nigeria website?\n\nVisit the Nigeria Site (DASUBJECTMATTER.ORG) STAY ON THE PLANNED PARENTHOOD\nSITE\n\nEspañol Donate\n\n# What are the symptoms of HPV?\n\nIn This Section\n\n * Human Papillomavirus (HPV)\n * What are the symptoms of HPV?\n * Should I get tested for HPV?\n\n * How is HPV treated?\n * How can I make sure I don't get or spread HPV?\n * Should I get the HPV vaccine?\n\nMost people with HPV don’t have any symptoms or health problems. Sometimes HPV\ncan cause genital warts. Some types of HPV can cause cancer.\n\n### Want to get tested for HPV?\n\nFind a Health Center\n\n## High-risk HPV doesn’t have symptoms\n\nUnfortunately, most people who have a high-risk type of HPV will never show\nany signs of the infection until it’s already caused serious health problems.\nThat’s why regular checkups are so important — testing is the only way to know\nfor sure if you’re at risk for cancer from HPV. Testing can find HPV and\nabnormal cell changes before they cause problems, so you can get treatment to\nstay healthy. In most cases, cervical cancer is preventable if your doctor\ncatches the warning signs early.\n\nA Pap test, sometimes called a Pap smear, finds abnormal cells on your cervix\ncaused by HPV — but it doesn't directly test for cancer or HPV. If a Pap test\nfinds abnormal cells on your cervix, your doctor can monitor or treat them so\nthey don’t turn into something more serious. An HPV test finds high-risk types\nof HPV on your cervix that can possibly lead to cancer. Your doctor can tell\nyou which tests you need and how often you should get them.\n\nThere isn’t a test for high-risk HPV in the vulva, penis, anus, or throat, and\nHPV itself doesn’t have any symptoms. If it becomes cancer, then there may be\nsome symptoms.\n\n * Penile cancer — cancer of the penis — might show symptoms like changes in color or thickness of the skin of your penis, or a painful sore might show up on your penis.\n\n * Anal cancer might cause anal bleeding, pain, itching, or discharge, or changes in bowel habits (pooping).\n\n * Vulvar cancer — cancer of the vulva — might show symptoms like changes in color/thickness of the skin of your vulva. There may be chronic pain, itching, or there may be a lump.\n\n * Throat cancer might cause a sore throat, ear pain that doesn’t go away, constant coughing, pain or trouble swallowing or breathing, weight loss, or a lump or mass in your neck.\n\nIf you develop any of these symptoms, see a doctor right away.\n\n## If I have high-risk HPV, will I get cancer?\n\nNot always. The good news is most people recover from HPV infections with no\nhealth problems at all. We don’t know why some people develop long-term HPV\ninfections, precancerous cell changes, or cancer. But we do know that having a\ncondition that affects your immune system makes it more likely HPV will cause\ncervical cancer. Using tobacco (like cigarettes) also makes HPV more likely to\ncause cervical cancer.\n\nThere’s no cure for HPV, but the good news is it usually takes several years\nfor cancer to develop. With testing, your doctor can find abnormal cells in\nyour cervix and treat them before they turn into cancer. And the vast majority\nof HPV infections go away on their own and don’t cause any serious health\nproblems — so don’t spend a ton of energy worrying about whether you have HPV.\nJust make sure you’re getting regular checkups, and ask your nurse or doctor\nwhen you should get HPV and/or Pap tests.\n\n## What’s the difference between HPV and genital warts?\n\nGenital warts are harmless growths on the skin of your vulva, vagina, cervix,\npenis, scrotum, or anus. Most genital warts are caused by two types of HPV —\ntypes 6 and 11. Genital warts look like fleshy, soft bumps that sometimes\nresemble miniature cauliflower. They’re usually painless and can be treated\nand removed just like the warts you might get on your hands or feet.\n\nBecause genital warts can look like other common bumpy skin issues, only your\nnurse or doctor can diagnose and treat your genital warts. Fortunately, warts\naren’t dangerous and they don’t lead to cancer — that’s why the types of HPV\nthat cause genital warts are called “low-risk.” However, they may cause\nirritation and discomfort, and you can pass the HPV that caused them to other\npeople. If you think you have genital warts, it’s important to get checked out\nright away.\n\n## More questions from patients:\n\nWhat are the symptoms of HPV in men?\n\nMost people with HPV — no matter what their gender is — don’t have any\nsymptoms. Sometimes HPV can cause warts on your penis or vulva and around your\nanus. Genital warts can cause irritation and discomfort, and you can pass the\nHPV that caused them to other people. If you think you may have genital warts,\nsee a doctor or nurse right away. The good news is that genital warts (and the\ntypes of HPV that cause them), while uncomfortable, aren’t dangerous.\n\nMost people who have a high-risk type of HPV won’t show any signs of the\ninfection until it’s already caused serious health problems like cancer.\nThat’s why it’s important to see a nurse or doctor, like the staff at your\nlocal Planned Parenthood health center, for regular check-ups. High-risk HPV\ncan cause cervical cancer, penile cancer, anal cancer, and cancers of the\nmouth and throat.\n\nIt’s also a great idea to get the HPV vaccine. Getting the HPV vaccine can\nhelp prevent certain types of cancer and genital warts.\n\n### Book an Appointment\n\nOr call 1-800-230-7526\n\n### Worried About STDs or Pregnancy?\n\nChat with a health educator.\n\nChat Now\n\n## Book an Appointment\n\nOr call 1-800-230-7526\n\nPlanned Parenthood delivers vital reproductive health care, sex education, and\ninformation to millions of people worldwide. Planned Parenthood Federation of\nAmerica, Inc. is a registered 501(c)(3) nonprofit under EIN 13-1644147.\nDonations are tax-deductible to the fullest extent allowable under the law.\n\nCall Planned Parenthood Donate\n\n© 2021 Planned Parenthood Federation of America Inc.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/pap-smear/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211021050540/https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/pap-smear/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pap Smear: MedlinePlus Medical Test",
"passages": [
"A Pap smear is a test for women that can help find or prevent cervical cancer. During the procedure, cells are collected from the cervix, which is the lower, narrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina. The cells are checked for cancer or for signs that they may become cancer. These are called precancerous cells. Finding and treating precancerous cells can help prevent cervical cancer. The Pap smear is a reliable way to find cancer early, when it's most treatable.",
"A Pap smear is a way to detect abnormal cervical cells before they become cancer. Sometimes the cells collected from a Pap smear are also checked for HPV, a virus that can cause cell changes that may lead to cancer. Pap smears, along with HPV testing, are considered cervical cancer screening tests. Cervical cancer screening has been shown to greatly reduce the number of new cervical cancer cases and deaths from the disease.",
"Women ages 30–65 can be tested every five years if the test is combined with an HPV test. If there is no HPV test, the Pap should be done every three years.",
"Screening is not recommended for women or girls under the age of 21. In this age group, the risk of cervical cancer is very low. Also, any changes in cervical cells are likely to go away on their own.",
"Were exposed to a drug called DES (Diethylstilbestrol) before birth. Between the years 1940–1971, DES was prescribed to pregnant women as a way to prevent miscarriages. It was later linked to an increased risk of certain cancers in the female children exposed to it during the pregnancy.",
"Women older than 65 who have had normal Pap smears for several years or have had surgery to remove the uterus and cervix may not need to have Pap smears anymore. If you are unsure whether you need a Pap smear, talk to your health care provider.",
"A Pap smear is often taken during a pelvic exam. During a pelvic exam, you will lie on an exam table while your health care provider examines your vulva, vagina, cervix, rectum, and pelvis to check for any abnormalities. For the Pap smear, your provider will use a plastic or metal instrument called a speculum to open the vagina, so the cervix can be seen. Your provider will then use a soft brush or plastic spatula to collect cells from the cervix.",
"You should not have a Pap smear while you are having your period. A good time to have the test is about five days after the last day of your period. Additional recommendations are to avoid certain activities a few days before your Pap smear. Two to three days before your test you shouldn't:",
"Your Pap smear results will show whether your cervical cells are normal or abnormal. You may also get a result that is unclear.",
"Normal Pap smear. The cells in your cervix were normal. Your health care provider will recommend that you come back for another screening in three to five years depending on your age and medical history.",
"Unclear or unsatisfactory results. There may not have been enough cells in your sample or there may have been some other problem that made it hard for the lab to get an accurate reading. Your health care provider may ask you to come in for another test.",
"Abnormal Pap smear. Abnormal changes were found in your cervical cells. Most women who have abnormal results do not have cervical cancer. But, your health care provider may recommend follow-up testing to monitor your cells. Many cells will go back to normal on their own. Other cells may turn into cancer cells if not treated. Finding and treating these cells early can help prevent cancer from developing.",
"Thousands of women in the U.S. die from cervical cancer every year. A Pap smear, along with the HPV test, is one of the most effective ways to prevent cancer from developing.",
"National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and Cancer; [updated 2011 Oct 5; cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 4 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/hormones/des-fact-sheet",
"National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; PAP and HPV Testing; [cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/types/cervical/pap-hpv-testing-fact-sheet",
"The information on this site should not be used as a substitute for professional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you have questions about your health."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pap Smear: MedlinePlus Medical Test\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Tests →\n\nPap Smear\n\nURL of this page: https://medlineplus.gov/lab-tests/pap-smear/\n\n# Pap Smear\n\n## What is a Pap smear?\n\nA Pap smear is a test for women that can help find or prevent cervical cancer.\nDuring the procedure, cells are collected from the cervix, which is the lower,\nnarrow end of the uterus that opens into the vagina. The cells are checked for\ncancer or for signs that they may become cancer. These are called precancerous\ncells. Finding and treating precancerous cells can help prevent cervical\ncancer. The Pap smear is a reliable way to find cancer early, when it's most\ntreatable.\n\nOther names for a Pap smear: Pap test, cervical cytology, Papanicolaou test,\nPap smear test, vaginal smear technique\n\n## What is it used for?\n\nA Pap smear is a way to detect abnormal cervical cells before they become\ncancer. Sometimes the cells collected from a Pap smear are also checked for\nHPV, a virus that can cause cell changes that may lead to cancer. Pap smears,\nalong with HPV testing, are considered cervical cancer screening tests.\nCervical cancer screening has been shown to greatly reduce the number of new\ncervical cancer cases and deaths from the disease.\n\n## Why do I need a Pap smear?\n\nMost women between the ages of 21 and 65 should have regular Pap smears.\n\n * Women between the ages of 21 and 29 should be tested every three years.\n * Women ages 30–65 can be tested every five years if the test is combined with an HPV test. If there is no HPV test, the Pap should be done every three years.\n\nScreening is not recommended for women or girls under the age of 21. In this\nage group, the risk of cervical cancer is very low. Also, any changes in\ncervical cells are likely to go away on their own.\n\nScreening may be recommended if you have certain risk factors. You may be at\nhigher risk if you:\n\n * Had an abnormal Pap smear in the past\n * Have HIV\n * Have a weakened immune system\n * Were exposed to a drug called DES (Diethylstilbestrol) before birth. Between the years 1940–1971, DES was prescribed to pregnant women as a way to prevent miscarriages. It was later linked to an increased risk of certain cancers in the female children exposed to it during the pregnancy.\n\nWomen older than 65 who have had normal Pap smears for several years or have\nhad surgery to remove the uterus and cervix may not need to have Pap smears\nanymore. If you are unsure whether you need a Pap smear, talk to your health\ncare provider.\n\n## What happens during a Pap smear?\n\nA Pap smear is often taken during a pelvic exam. During a pelvic exam, you\nwill lie on an exam table while your health care provider examines your vulva,\nvagina, cervix, rectum, and pelvis to check for any abnormalities. For the Pap\nsmear, your provider will use a plastic or metal instrument called a speculum\nto open the vagina, so the cervix can be seen. Your provider will then use a\nsoft brush or plastic spatula to collect cells from the cervix.\n\n## Will I need to do anything to prepare for the test?\n\nYou should not have a Pap smear while you are having your period. A good time\nto have the test is about five days after the last day of your period.\nAdditional recommendations are to avoid certain activities a few days before\nyour Pap smear. Two to three days before your test you shouldn't:\n\n * Use tampons\n * Use birth control foams or other vaginal creams\n * Douche\n * Have sex\n\n## Are there any risks to the test?\n\nYou may feel some mild discomfort during the procedure, but there are no known\nrisks to a Pap smear.\n\n## What do the results mean?\n\nYour Pap smear results will show whether your cervical cells are normal or\nabnormal. You may also get a result that is unclear.\n\n * Normal Pap smear. The cells in your cervix were normal. Your health care provider will recommend that you come back for another screening in three to five years depending on your age and medical history.\n * Unclear or unsatisfactory results. There may not have been enough cells in your sample or there may have been some other problem that made it hard for the lab to get an accurate reading. Your health care provider may ask you to come in for another test.\n * Abnormal Pap smear. Abnormal changes were found in your cervical cells. Most women who have abnormal results do not have cervical cancer. But, your health care provider may recommend follow-up testing to monitor your cells. Many cells will go back to normal on their own. Other cells may turn into cancer cells if not treated. Finding and treating these cells early can help prevent cancer from developing.\n\nTalk to your health care provider to learn what your Pap smear results mean.\n\nLearn more about laboratory tests, reference ranges, and understanding\nresults.\n\n## Is there anything else I need to know about a Pap smear?\n\nThousands of women in the U.S. die from cervical cancer every year. A Pap\nsmear, along with the HPV test, is one of the most effective ways to prevent\ncancer from developing.\n\n## References\n\n 1. American Cancer Society [Internet]. Atlanta: American Cancer Society Inc.; c2017. Can Cervical Cancer Be Prevented?; [updated 2016 Dec 5; cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/causes-risks-prevention/prevention.html\n 2. American Cancer Society [Internet]. Atlanta: American Cancer Society Inc.; c2017. The American Cancer Society Guidelines for the Prevention and Early Detection of Cervical Cancer; [updated 2016 Dec 9; cited 2017 Mar 10]; [about 4 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/prevention-and-early-detection/cervical-cancer-screening-guidelines.html\n 3. American Cancer Society [Internet]. Atlanta: American Cancer Society Inc.; c2017. The Pap (Papanicolaou) Test; [updated 2016 Dec 9; cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 6 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.org/cancer/cervical-cancer/prevention-and-early-detection/pap-test.html\n 4. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Basic Information About Cervical Cancer; [updated 2014 Oct 14; cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/basic_info/index.htm\n 5. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention [Internet]. Atlanta: U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; What Should I Know About Screening?; [updated 2016 Mar 29; cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 4 screens]. Available from: https://www.cdc.gov/cancer/cervical/basic_info/screening.htm\n 6. National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: cervix; [cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?cdrid=46133\n 7. National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Diethylstilbestrol (DES) and Cancer; [updated 2011 Oct 5; cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 4 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/about-cancer/causes-prevention/risk/hormones/des-fact-sheet\n 8. National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: Pap test; [cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?cdrid=45978\n 9. National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; PAP and HPV Testing; [cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/types/cervical/pap-hpv-testing-fact-sheet\n 10. National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; NCI Dictionary of Cancer Terms: precancerous; [cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 3 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/publications/dictionaries/cancer-terms?search=precancerous\n 11. National Cancer Institute [Internet]. Bethesda (MD): U.S. Department of Health and Human Services; Understanding Cervical Changes: A Health Guide for Women; 2015 Apr 22; [cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: https://www.cancer.gov/types/cervical/understanding-cervical-changes\n 12. University of Rochester Medical Center [Internet]. Rochester (NY): University of Rochester Medical Center; c2017. Health Encyclopedia: Pap; [cited 2017 Feb 3]; [about 2 screens]. Available from: https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=167&contentid;=pap\n\n## Related Health Topics\n\n * Cervical Cancer\n * Cervical Cancer Screening\n * HPV\n * Women's Health Checkup\n\n## Related Medical Tests\n\n * How to Understand Your Lab Results\n\nThe information on this site should not be used as a substitute for\nprofessional medical care or advice. Contact a health care provider if you\nhave questions about your health.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Get updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n * Social Media Toolkit\n\n * NLM Web Policies\n * Copyright\n * Accessibility\n * Guidelines for Links\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated on 31 July 2020 Page last reviewed: 31 July 2020\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.healthline.com/health/pap-smear",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210903154545/https://www.healthline.com/health/pap-smear",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pap Smear (Pap Test): Reasons, Procedure & Results",
"passages": [
"A Pap smear, also called a Pap test, is a screening procedure for cervical cancer. It tests for the presence of precancerous or cancerous cells on your cervix. The cervix is the opening of the uterus.",
"During the routine procedure, cells from your cervix are gently scraped away and examined for abnormal growth. The procedure is done at your doctor’s office. It may be mildly uncomfortable, but doesn’t usually cause any long- term pain.",
"Keep reading to learn more about who needs a Pap smear, what to expect during the procedure, how frequently you should have a Pap smear test, and more.",
"Current guidelines recommend that women get regular Pap smears every three years starting at age 21. Some women may be at increased risk for cancer or infection. You may need more frequent tests if:",
"If you’re over 30 and have not had abnormal Pap tests, ask your doctor about having one every five years if the test is combined with a human papillomavirus (HPV) screening.",
"HPV is a virus that causes warts and increases the chance of cervical cancer. HPV types 16 and 18 are the primary causes of cervical cancer. If you have HPV, you may be at an increased risk of developing cervical cancer.",
"Women over the age of 65 with a history of normal Pap smear results may be able to stop having the test in the future.",
"You should still get regular Pap smears based on your age, regardless of your sexual activity status. That’s because the HPV virus can be dormant for years and then suddenly become active.",
"Age| Pap smear frequency ---|--- <21 years old,| none needed 21-29| every 3 years 30-65| every 3 years or an HPV test every 5 years or a Pap test and HPV test together every 5 years 65 and older| you may no longer need Pap smear tests; talk to your doctor to determine your needs",
"These recommendations only apply to women who have a cervix. Women who have had a hysterectomy with removal of the cervix and no history of cervical cancer do not need screening.",
"Recommendations vary and should be individualized for women with compromised immune systems or a history of precancerous, or cancerous lesions.",
"You can schedule a Pap smear with your annual gynecological examination or request a separate appointment with your gynecologist. Pap smears are covered by most insurance plans, though you may be required to pay a co-pay.",
"If you’ll be menstruating on the day of your Pap smear, your doctor may want to reschedule the test, since results could be less accurate.",
"Try to avoid having sexual intercourse, douching, or using spermicidal products the day before your test because these may interfere with your results.",
"In most cases, it’s safe to have a Pap smear in the first 24 weeks of a pregnancy. After that, the test may be more painful. You should also wait until 12 weeks after giving birth to increase the accuracy of your results.",
"Since Pap smears go more smoothly if your body is relaxed, it’s important to stay calm and take deep breaths during the procedure.",
"During the procedure, you’ll lie on your back on an examination table with your legs spread and your feet resting in supports called stirrups.",
"Your doctor will slowly insert a device called a speculum into your vagina. This device keeps the vaginal walls open and provides access to the cervix.",
"Your doctor will scrape a small sample of cells from your cervix. There are a few ways your doctor can take this sample:",
"The sample of cells from your cervix will be preserved and sent to a lab to be tested for the presence of abnormal cells.",
"After the test, you might feel mild discomfort from the scraping or a bit of cramping. You could also experience very light vaginal bleeding immediately following the test. Tell your doctor if discomfort or bleeding continues after the day of the test.",
"If your results are normal, that means that no abnormal cells were identified. Normal results are sometimes also referred to as negative. If your results are normal, you probably won’t need a Pap smear for another three years.",
"If the test results are abnormal, this doesn’t mean you have cancer. It simply means that there are abnormal cells on your cervix, some of which could be precancerous. There are several levels of abnormal cells:",
"During a colposcopy exam, your doctor will use light and magnification to see vaginal and cervical tissues more clearly. In some cases, they may also take a sample of your cervical tissue in a procedure called a biopsy.",
"Pap tests are very accurate. Regular Pap screenings reduce cervical cancer rates and mortality by at least 80 percent. It can be uncomfortable, but the brief discomfort can help protect your health.",
"The main purpose of a Pap smear test is to identify cellular changes in the cervix, which could be caused by HPV.",
"By detecting cervical cancer cells early with a Pap smear, treatment can start before it spreads and becomes a bigger concern. It’s also possible to test for HPV from the Pap smear specimen, too.",
"You can contract HPV from having sex with men or women. To lower your risk of contracting the virus, practice sex with a condom or other barrier method. All sexually active women are at risk for contracting HPV and should get a Pap smear at least every three years.",
"The test doesn’t detect other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It can occasionally detect cell growth that indicates other cancers, but it shouldn’t be relied on for that purpose.",
"Cervical cancer can be life-threatening if it goes undetected or untreated. But how do you know if you have cervical cancer? We explain what causes...",
"An abnormal Pap smear test does not mean you have cancer, but it could mean that you have precancerous cells or HPV.",
"Getting a regular Pap smear test is an important way to screen for STDs and cervical cancers. Learn how frequently you should get one.",
"Screening tests are used to detect potential health problems when they’re still treatable. They can prevent more serious disease and change as you age.",
"Your doctors are there to help you and all women lead healthy lives. Learn how to get the most out of your healthcare team.",
"From navigating a healthy diet to your mental health, these books will help shed some light on the complex world of women's health.",
"A few news articles claim that bubble tea contains cancer-causing compounds. This article examines the science behind boba — or tapioca pearls — and...",
"© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.",
"© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pap Smear (Pap Test): Reasons, Procedure & Results\n\n# Pap Smear (Pap Test): What to Expect\n\nMedically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., R.N., CRNA — Written by\nthe-healthline-medical-team-109796-user — Updated on February 26, 2020\n\nOverview\n\nA Pap smear, also called a Pap test, is a screening procedure for cervical\ncancer. It tests for the presence of precancerous or cancerous cells on your\ncervix. The cervix is the opening of the uterus.\n\nDuring the routine procedure, cells from your cervix are gently scraped away\nand examined for abnormal growth. The procedure is done at your doctor’s\noffice. It may be mildly uncomfortable, but doesn’t usually cause any long-\nterm pain.\n\nKeep reading to learn more about who needs a Pap smear, what to expect during\nthe procedure, how frequently you should have a Pap smear test, and more.\n\n##\n\nWho needs a Pap smear?\n\nCurrent guidelines recommend that women get regular Pap smears every three\nyears starting at age 21. Some women may be at increased risk for cancer or\ninfection. You may need more frequent tests if:\n\n * you’re HIV-positive\n * you have a weakened immune system from chemotherapy or an organ transplant\n\nIf you’re over 30 and have not had abnormal Pap tests, ask your doctor about\nhaving one every five years if the test is combined with a human\npapillomavirus (HPV) screening.\n\nHPV is a virus that causes warts and increases the chance of cervical cancer.\nHPV types 16 and 18 are the primary causes of cervical cancer. If you have\nHPV, you may be at an increased risk of developing cervical cancer.\n\nWomen over the age of 65 with a history of normal Pap smear results may be\nable to stop having the test in the future.\n\nYou should still get regular Pap smears based on your age, regardless of your\nsexual activity status. That’s because the HPV virus can be dormant for years\nand then suddenly become active.\n\n##\n\nHow often do you need a Pap smear?\n\nHow often you need a Pap smear is determined by various factors, including\nyour age and risk.\n\nAge| Pap smear frequency \n---|--- \n<21 years old,| none needed \n21-29| every 3 years \n30-65| every 3 years or an HPV test every 5 years or a Pap test and HPV test\ntogether every 5 years \n65 and older| you may no longer need Pap smear tests; talk to your doctor to\ndetermine your needs \n \nThese recommendations only apply to women who have a cervix. Women who have\nhad a hysterectomy with removal of the cervix and no history of cervical\ncancer do not need screening.\n\nRecommendations vary and should be individualized for women with compromised\nimmune systems or a history of precancerous, or cancerous lesions.\n\n##\n\nHow to prepare for a Pap smear\n\nYou can schedule a Pap smear with your annual gynecological examination or\nrequest a separate appointment with your gynecologist. Pap smears are covered\nby most insurance plans, though you may be required to pay a co-pay.\n\nIf you’ll be menstruating on the day of your Pap smear, your doctor may want\nto reschedule the test, since results could be less accurate.\n\nTry to avoid having sexual intercourse, douching, or using spermicidal\nproducts the day before your test because these may interfere with your\nresults.\n\nIn most cases, it’s safe to have a Pap smear in the first 24 weeks of a\npregnancy. After that, the test may be more painful. You should also wait\nuntil 12 weeks after giving birth to increase the accuracy of your results.\n\nSince Pap smears go more smoothly if your body is relaxed, it’s important to\nstay calm and take deep breaths during the procedure.\n\n##\n\nWhat happens during a Pap smear?\n\nPap smears can be a bit uncomfortable, but the test is very quick.\n\nDuring the procedure, you’ll lie on your back on an examination table with\nyour legs spread and your feet resting in supports called stirrups.\n\nYour doctor will slowly insert a device called a speculum into your vagina.\nThis device keeps the vaginal walls open and provides access to the cervix.\n\nYour doctor will scrape a small sample of cells from your cervix. There are a\nfew ways your doctor can take this sample:\n\n * Some use a tool called a spatula.\n * Some use a spatula and a brush.\n * Others use a device called a cytobrush, which is a combination spatula and brush.\n\nMost women feel a slight push and irritation during the brief scraping.\n\nThe sample of cells from your cervix will be preserved and sent to a lab to be\ntested for the presence of abnormal cells.\n\nAfter the test, you might feel mild discomfort from the scraping or a bit of\ncramping. You could also experience very light vaginal bleeding immediately\nfollowing the test. Tell your doctor if discomfort or bleeding continues after\nthe day of the test.\n\n##\n\nWhat do the results of a Pap smear mean?\n\nThere are two possible results from a Pap smear: normal or abnormal.\n\n### Normal Pap smear\n\nIf your results are normal, that means that no abnormal cells were identified.\nNormal results are sometimes also referred to as negative. If your results are\nnormal, you probably won’t need a Pap smear for another three years.\n\n### Abnormal Pap smear\n\nIf the test results are abnormal, this doesn’t mean you have cancer. It simply\nmeans that there are abnormal cells on your cervix, some of which could be\nprecancerous. There are several levels of abnormal cells:\n\n * atypia\n * mild\n * moderate\n * severe dysplasia\n * carcinoma in situ\n\nMilder abnormal cells are more common than severe abnormalities.\n\nDepending on what the test results show, your doctor may recommend:\n\n * increasing the frequency of your Pap smears\n * · getting a closer look at your cervical tissue with a procedure called colposcopy\n\nDuring a colposcopy exam, your doctor will use light and magnification to see\nvaginal and cervical tissues more clearly. In some cases, they may also take a\nsample of your cervical tissue in a procedure called a biopsy.\n\n### How accurate are the results?\n\nPap tests are very accurate. Regular Pap screenings reduce cervical cancer\nrates and mortality by at least 80 percent. It can be uncomfortable, but the\nbrief discomfort can help protect your health.\n\n##\n\nDoes a Pap smear test for HPV?\n\nThe main purpose of a Pap smear test is to identify cellular changes in the\ncervix, which could be caused by HPV.\n\nBy detecting cervical cancer cells early with a Pap smear, treatment can start\nbefore it spreads and becomes a bigger concern. It’s also possible to test for\nHPV from the Pap smear specimen, too.\n\nYou can contract HPV from having sex with men or women. To lower your risk of\ncontracting the virus, practice sex with a condom or other barrier method. All\nsexually active women are at risk for contracting HPV and should get a Pap\nsmear at least every three years.\n\nThe test doesn’t detect other sexually transmitted infections (STIs). It can\noccasionally detect cell growth that indicates other cancers, but it shouldn’t\nbe relied on for that purpose.\n\nLast medically reviewed on July 3, 2019\n\nMedically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., R.N., CRNA — Written by\nthe-healthline-medical-team-109796-user — Updated on February 26, 2020\n\n## related stories\n\n * How Do You Know If You Have Cervical Cancer?\n\n * Everything you Need to Know About Human Papillomavirus Infection\n\n * What Does It Mean If My Pap Smear Test Is Abnormal?\n\n * Pelvic Exam\n\n * Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Symptoms You Should Know About\n\n### Read this next\n\n * How Do You Know If You Have Cervical Cancer?\n\nMedically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., R.N., CRNA\n\nCervical cancer can be life-threatening if it goes undetected or untreated.\nBut how do you know if you have cervical cancer? We explain what causes...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Everything you Need to Know About Human Papillomavirus Infection\n\nMedically reviewed by Alana Biggers, M.D., MPH\n\nGenital human papillomavirus (HPV) infection is a common sexually transmitted\ninfection (STI) caused by human papillomavirus. There are several...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What Does It Mean If My Pap Smear Test Is Abnormal?\n\nMedically reviewed by Valinda Riggins Nwadike, MD, MPH\n\nAn abnormal Pap smear test does not mean you have cancer, but it could mean\nthat you have precancerous cells or HPV.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Pelvic Exam\n\nMedically reviewed by Debra Rose Wilson, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., IBCLC, AHN-BC, CHT\n\nA pelvic exam is a visual and physical examination of a woman's reproductive\norgans.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs): Symptoms You Should Know About\n\nMedically reviewed by Kimberly Dishman, MSN, WHNP-BC, RNC-OB\n\nIt’s important to be aware of the symptoms of STDs and STIs and to seek\nmedical help when necessary.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Everything You Should Know About When to Get a Pap Smear Test\n\nMedically reviewed by Deborah Weatherspoon, Ph.D., R.N., CRNA\n\nGetting a regular Pap smear test is an important way to screen for STDs and\ncervical cancers. Learn how frequently you should get one.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Health Tests Every Woman Needs\n\nMedically reviewed by Kimberly Dishman, MSN, WHNP-BC, RNC-OB\n\nScreening tests are used to detect potential health problems when they’re\nstill treatable. They can prevent more serious disease and change as you age.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Doctors Every Woman Needs\n\nMedically reviewed by Judith Marcin, M.D.\n\nYour doctors are there to help you and all women lead healthy lives. Learn how\nto get the most out of your healthcare team.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * The Best Women’s Health Books of the Year\n\nFrom navigating a healthy diet to your mental health, these books will help\nshed some light on the complex world of women's health.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Is There a Link Between Bubble Tea and Cancer?\n\nWritten by Rachael Link, MS, RD\n\nA few news articles claim that bubble tea contains cancer-causing compounds.\nThis article examines the science behind boba — or tapioca pearls — and...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Settings\n * Advertising Policy\n * Health Topics\n\n * Medical Affairs\n * Content Integrity\n * Newsletters\n * © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\n\n© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\nHealthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nadditional information.\n\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://cervicalcancer.about.com/od/screening/a/papsmearexpect.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160411045917/http://cervicalcancer.about.com/od/screening/a/papsmearexpect.htm",
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"title": "What to Expect During a Pap Smear",
"passages": [
"Women should begin having a regular Pap smear about three years after having vaginal intercourse, or by age 21. Women who have never had a Pap smear may feel anxious about having their first screening. Not knowing how a Pap smear is done or what to expect is major cause of the anxiety.",
"A Pap smear is a screening test for cervical cancer. It is not a diagnostic test, so having the test done regularly is essential. A Pap smear identifies women who may be at high risk for having precancerous or cancerous cervical changes.",
"If Pap smear results determine abnormal cervical changes, then a colposcopy is performed. A colposcopy is a diagnostic test that allows the doctor to view the cervix more closely.",
"The first step in preparing for a Pap smear is to make the appointment. Family practice physicians, gynecologists, internal medicine physicians, and low cost clinics like county health departments and Planned Parenthood all offer Pap smears.",
"Be sure not to schedule your appointment during your period. Although a Pap smear may be able to be done during a very light period, it is best to schedule it around it.",
"There are several other things you can do to prepare for your Pap smear. Forty-eight hours prior to your Pap smear, avoid:",
"First, you will be asked to undress from the waist down. You will be given a sheet to place over your mid-section and upper thighs, so you will not be completely exposed.",
"Next, you will be asked to lie on the exam table and place your feet in stirrups, to hold your feet in place during the examination. Stirrups are usually cold, so you may want to bring a pair of socks to wear.",
"A lubricated speculum will then be inserted into the vagina. Remember to take deep breaths and to relax. This will also help the vaginal muscle to relax, making the exam less uncomfortable.",
"Using a small mascara-like brush or swab, a doctor will take sample cells from the cervix. This is done by very gently rubbing of the cervix with the brush or swab. Some women have no sensation when this is done, while some experience mild discomfort.",
"The sample is then placed in a tube with a special preservative or a slide and then sent to a lab for processing.",
"After the sample is taken, the speculum is removed gently from the vagina. You are then able to sit up and begin dressing. The Pap smear is now over!",
"Before leaving your appointment, ask your doctor or nurse how the office notifies patients of their results and when you should expect to get results back. Some doctors prefer to send results by mail and some do by phone. It generally takes about two weeks for results to come back.",
"Remember that while the Pap smear is an effective screening tool for cervical cancer, it is only effective when done regularly. Be sure to ask your doctor how often you should have a Pap smear. Pap smear frequency varies from woman to woman, based on age, health, and previous Pap smear findings."
]
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"parsed_md": "What to Expect During a Pap Smear\n\n * About.com\n * Autos\n * Careers\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Education\n * en Español\n * Entertainment\n * Food\n * Health\n * Home\n * Money\n * News & Issues\n * Parenting\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports\n * Style\n * Tech\n * Travel\n\n * 1\n\nWhat to Expect for Your First Pap Smear\n\n * 2\n\nWhat is a Colposcopy?\n\n * 3\n\nWhat Do ASCUS Pap Smear Results Mean?\n\n * 4\n\nCervical Cancer 101\n\n * 5\n\nCervical Cancer Diagnosis\n\n * About.com\n * About Health\n * Cervical Cancer\n * Screening\n\n# What to Expect for Your First Pap Smear\n\nEverything You Need to Know About Having Your First Pap Smear\n\nAdvertisement\n\nZave Smith/Image Source/Getty Images\n\nBy Lisa Fayed\n\nCervical Cancer Expert\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nTweet\n\nSubmit\n\nStumble\n\nPost\n\nShare\n\nBy Lisa Fayed\n\nWritten or medically reviewed by a board-certified physician. See About.com's\nMedical Review Policy.\n\nUpdated April 04, 2016.\n\nWomen should begin having a regular Pap smear about three years after having\nvaginal intercourse, or by age 21. Women who have never had a Pap smear may\nfeel anxious about having their first screening. Not knowing how a Pap smear\nis done or what to expect is major cause of the anxiety.\n\n### What Is a Pap Smear?\n\nA Pap smear is a screening test for cervical cancer. It is not a diagnostic\ntest, so having the test done regularly is essential. A Pap smear identifies\nwomen who may be at high risk for having precancerous or cancerous cervical\nchanges.\n\nIf Pap smear results determine abnormal cervical changes, then a colposcopy is\nperformed. A colposcopy is a diagnostic test that allows the doctor to view\nthe cervix more closely.\n\n### Preparing for a Pap Smear\n\nThe first step in preparing for a Pap smear is to make the appointment. Family\npractice physicians, gynecologists, internal medicine physicians, and low cost\nclinics like county health departments and Planned Parenthood all offer Pap\nsmears.\n\nBe sure not to schedule your appointment during your period. Although a Pap\nsmear may be able to be done during a very light period, it is best to\nschedule it around it.\n\nThere are several other things you can do to prepare for your Pap smear.\nForty-eight hours prior to your Pap smear, avoid:\n\n * sexual intercourse\n * douching or vaginal inserts\n * vaginal foams, jellies, or spermicides\n * tampons\n\nAll of these can interfere with the accuracy of the exam.\n\n### What to Expect During the Pap Smear\n\nFirst, you will be asked to undress from the waist down. You will be given a\nsheet to place over your mid-section and upper thighs, so you will not be\ncompletely exposed.\n\nNext, you will be asked to lie on the exam table and place your feet in\nstirrups, to hold your feet in place during the examination. Stirrups are\nusually cold, so you may want to bring a pair of socks to wear.\n\nA lubricated speculum will then be inserted into the vagina. Remember to take\ndeep breaths and to relax. This will also help the vaginal muscle to relax,\nmaking the exam less uncomfortable.\n\nUsing a small mascara-like brush or swab, a doctor will take sample cells from\nthe cervix. This is done by very gently rubbing of the cervix with the brush\nor swab. Some women have no sensation when this is done, while some experience\nmild discomfort.\n\nThe sample is then placed in a tube with a special preservative or a slide and\nthen sent to a lab for processing.\n\nAfter the sample is taken, the speculum is removed gently from the vagina. You\nare then able to sit up and begin dressing. The Pap smear is now over!\n\n### After the Pap Smear\n\nBefore leaving your appointment, ask your doctor or nurse how the office\nnotifies patients of their results and when you should expect to get results\nback. Some doctors prefer to send results by mail and some do by phone. It\ngenerally takes about two weeks for results to come back.\n\nRemember that while the Pap smear is an effective screening tool for cervical\ncancer, it is only effective when done regularly. Be sure to ask your doctor\nhow often you should have a Pap smear. Pap smear frequency varies from woman\nto woman, based on age, health, and previous Pap smear findings.\n\n_Sources:\n\n\"Pap Test: What is a Pap Test.\" 02 Feb 2003. American Cancer Society.\n\n\"The Pap Test Questions and Answers.\" Dec 2003. National Cancer Institute.\n\n##### Related\n\n * What You Need to Know About That First Pap Smear at the Gynocologist\n * What is a Pap Smear?\n * What to Expect at Your Pap Smear\n * You Don't Need To Be Afraid of Your Pap Smear\n\n##### More from the Web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\nAdvertisement\n\n##### Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n##### Cervical Cancer Categories\n\n * Cervical Cancer Basics\n * Newly Diagnosed\n * Risk Factors and Prevention\n * Screening\n * Diagnosis\n * Treatment\n * Daily Living\n * Cervical Dysplasia\n * End of Life Care\n * Resources and Support\n * Glossary\n * Blog\n * Cervical Cancer Diagnosis\n * What You Need to Know About HPV\n * When Your Pap Smear Results Are Described as ASCUS\n * Updated Articles and Resources\n\nView More\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAbout Health Follow us:\n\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Health in your inbox.\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n * Our Story\n * Advertise With Us\n * Site Map\n * Help\n\n * Write for About\n * Careers at About\n * Terms of Use & Policies\n\n© 2016 About.com — All rights reserved.\n\nAlso from About.com: Calorie Count\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pap-smear/about/pac-20394841",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211030013903/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/pap-smear/about/pac-20394841",
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"original_url": "https://www.medicinenet.com/pap_smear/article.htm",
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"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pap Smear: Abnormal Results, When to Get One & Guidelines",
"passages": [
"A Pap smear is a simple, quick, and essentially painless screening test (procedure) for cancer or precancer of the uterine cervix.",
"A woman may experience a small amount of spotting (light vaginal bleeding) immediately after a Pap smear, but heavy or excessive bleeding is not normal.",
"A recording of the woman's menstruation status and whether and when she had abnormal Pap smears previously is essential to the reader of the current Pap smear.",
"Up to 80% of women diagnosed with invasive cancer of the cervix have not had a Pap smear in the past 5 years.",
"A Pap smear (Papanicolau smear; also known as the Pap test) is a screening test for cervical cancer. The test itself involves collection of a sample of cells from a woman's cervix (the end of the uterus that extends into the vagina) during a routine pelvic exam. The cells are placed on a glass slide and stained with a substance known as Papanicolau stain. The stained cells are then examined under a microscope to look for pre-malignant (before-cancer) or malignant (cancer) changes.",
"A Pap smear is a simple, quick, and relatively painless screening test. Its specificity, which means its ability to avoid classifying a normal smear as abnormal (a \"false positive\" result), while very good, is not perfect. The sensitivity of a Pap smear, which means its ability to detect every single abnormality, while good, also is not perfect, and some \"false negative\" results (in which abnormalities are present but not detected by the test) will occur. Thus, a few women develop cervical cancer despite having regular Pap screening.",
"In the vast majority of cases, a Pap test does identify minor cellular abnormalities before they have had a chance to become malignant, and at a point when the condition is most easily treatable. The Pap smear is not intended to detect other forms of cancer such as those of the ovary, vagina, or uterus. Cancer of these organs may be discovered during the course of the gynecologic (pelvic) exam, which usually is done at the same time as the Pap smear.",
"In its early stages, cervical cancer typically does not cause symptoms; however, when symptoms do occur, one of the most common symptoms is abnormal vaginal bleeding. This can include:",
"Guidelines have been developed for cervical cancer screening that address the frequency with which women should have Pap smears. The US Preventive Services Task Force (USPSTF) and the American Cancer Society (ACS) both recommend that all women receive cervical cancer screening every 3 years between the ages of 21 and 65. A Pap smear is the typical screening procedure, but when a Pap smear is combined with a test for human papillomavirus (HPV, the known cause of cervical cancers), screening every 5 years is acceptable for women aged 30 and above.",
"Pregnancy does not prevent a woman from having a Pap smear, therefore, Pap smears can be safely done during pregnancy.",
"Pap smear testing is not indicated for women who have had a hysterectomy (with removal of the cervix) for benign conditions. Women who have had a hysterectomy in which the cervix is not removed, called subtotal hysterectomy, should continue screening following the same guidelines as women who have not had a hysterectomy.",
"There are absolutely no known medical risks associated with Pap smear screening. (However, there are medical risks from not having a Pap smear.) A woman may experience a small amount of spotting (light vaginal bleeding) immediately after a Pap smear, but heavy or excessive bleeding is not normal.",
"Pap testing is performed by obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYNs) or by primary care physicians including family practitioners, internal medicine specialists, or pediatricians. Pap smears can also be performed by other specially trained health-care professionals including physician assistants, nurse practitioners, or nurse midwives.",
"With the woman positioned on her back, the health-care professional will often first examine the outside of the patient's genital and rectal areas, including the urethra (the opening where urine leaves the body), to assure that they look normal.",
"A speculum is then inserted into the vaginal area (the birth canal). (A speculum is an instrument that allows the vagina and the cervix to be viewed and examined.)",
"A small brush or swab is inserted into the opening of the cervix and twirled around to collect a sample of cells.",
"The samples are placed in a solution from which cells are isolated and used to produce slides for laboratory evaluation.",
"A bimanual (both hands) pelvic exam usually follows the collection of the two samples for the Pap smear. The bimanual examination involves the physician or health-care professional inserting two fingers of one hand inside the vaginal canal while feeling the ovaries and uterus with the other hand on top of the abdomen (belly).",
"The results of the Pap smear are usually available within one to two weeks. At the end of Pap smear testing, each woman should ask how she should expect to be informed about the results of her Pap smear. If a woman has not learned of her results after a month, she should contact her health-care professional's office.",
"An abnormal Pap smear shows cancer or precancerous changes in the cells of the cervix. It is especially important to identify abnormal cells in the early stages, because treatment can be carried out to remove the abnormal cells. The section below entitled \"How is a Pap smear read and analyzed\" contains the specific terminology used in the report for an abnormal Pap smear.",
"Pap smear analysis and reports are all based on a medical terminology system called The Bethesda System. The system was developed (at the National Institutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland) to encourage all medical professionals analyzing Pap smears to use the same reporting system. Standardization reduces the possibility that different laboratories might report different results for the same smear.",
"The Bethesda System was the outcome of a National Cancer Institute workshop that was held in 1988 in an effort to standardize Pap smear reports. In 2001, the guidelines were revised and improved. Acceptance of the Bethesda reporting system in the United States is virtually universal.",
"The major categories for abnormal Pap smears reported in the Bethesda Systems are as follows (described in further detail in the \"What are the possible recommendations for follow-up after a Pap smear?\" section):",
"LSIL: This abbreviation stands for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Under the old system of classification, this category was called CIN grade I.",
"HSIL: This abbreviation stands for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Under the old system of classification, this category was called CIN grade II, CIN grade III, or CIS.",
"The word \"squamous\" describes the thin, flat cells that lie on the surface of the cervix. \"Intraepithelial\" indicates that the surface layer of cells is affected. A \"lesion\" means that abnormal tissue is present.",
"There is a particular area inside the opening of the cervix where the cells lining the vagina change to the cells that characterize the inside of the cervix (endocervical cells). This is called the \"transition zone\". The Pap smear sample from the cervical opening attempts to sample these cells. However, this area may be so far up inside the cervix that the Pap smear sampling instrument simply cannot reach that high. Sometimes, the transition zone may be less accessible to the Pap brush or the cervical opening cannot be seen well enough to obtain an adequate sample.",
"If severe inflammation is present, its cause(s) are investigated. The physician's goals are to identify the cause of inflammation and to treat and resolve the condition, if possible. Untreated inflammation can have consequences for the woman as well as her sexual partner(s).",
"The vaginal irritation may be caused by a lack of estrogen, such as occurs after menopause when the ovaries stop producing this hormone. This lack of estrogen tends to make the vaginal walls irritated and red. If a woman has this condition and it is related to an estrogen deficiency (called \"atrophic vaginitis\" and usually described on the Pap smear report as \"atrophic changes\"), her physician may recommend a trial of topical (locally- applied) vaginal estrogen (cream, vaginal estrogen tablets, vaginal estrogen ring) to heal the inflammation. The Pap smear is then repeated.",
"Sometimes, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (also called \"ASC-US\"), is the Pap report. This is the mildest form of cellular abnormality on the spectrum of cells ranging from normal to cancerous. ASC-US means that the cells appear abnormal, but are not malignant.",
"\"Of undetermined significance\" means that the atypical-appearing cells may be the end result of a number of different types of injuries to the cervix. For example, the human papilloma virus (HPV) could be the cause of ASC-US. Most instances of ASC-US (80%-90%) resolve spontaneously (by themselves without specific medical intervention or treatment).",
"A reading of LSIL is a reason for immediate further investigation because it is more abnormal than ASC-US. Fifteen to 30% of women who have this abnormality on Pap testing will have a more serious abnormality on biopsy of the cervix. Thus, all women with LSIL are recommended to undergo colposcopy (an examination of the cervix using a special visualizing scope, often accompanied by a cervical biopsy, see below). Even LSIL spontaneously returns to normal without therapy in many women within several months.",
"The most severe cellular abnormality that is not actually cancer is high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). A finding of HSIL unquestionably requires prompt evaluation and treatment.",
"The first items on a Pap smear report are for purposes of identification. The report is expected to have the name of the woman, the name of the pathologist and/or the cytotechnologist who read the smear, the source of the specimen (in this case, the cervix), and the date of the last menstrual period of the woman.",
"A woman who is menstruating sheds cells from the lining of her uterus called endometrial cells. If these cells are seen on the Pap smear of a menstruating woman, the report may note that these cells are present. This is normal if the Pap test was done around the time of the woman's menstrual period. The comment that these cells are \"cytologically benign\" means that they do not appear to be malignant (cancerous) cells.",
"However, if a woman is menopausal (no longer menstruating) she would not be expected to be shedding cells from the uterine lining. Therefore, endometrial cells on a Pap report might be indicative of an abnormal thickening of the endometrium, the lining of the uterus. The Pap smear is not specifically designed to detect such an abnormality. Nonetheless, if these cells are noted in a non-menstruating woman, her doctor should attempt to determine the cause of the shedding of the endometrial cells.",
"Sometimes, the cause is endometrial hyperplasia, a precancerous condition of the uterine lining, which can be detected by a relatively simple office procedure called an endometrial biopsy. Sometimes, menopausal hormone therapy can cause shedding of endometrial cells that appear on a Pap smear. The pattern of bleeding, the exact type of hormone therapy, and the individual woman's health history are the three components that guide the physician to know whether and what type of further evaluation is necessary.",
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"A number of risk factors have been identified for the development of cervical cancer and precancerous changes in the cervix.",
"HPV: The principal risk factor is infection with the genital wart virus, also called the human papillomavirus (HPV), although most women with HPV infection do not get cervical cancer. Almost all cervical cancers are related to HPV infection. Some women are more likely to have abnormal Pap smears than other women.",
"Smoking: One common risk factor for premalignant and malignant changes in the cervix is smoking. Although smoking is associated with many different cancers, many women do not realize that smoking is strongly linked to cervical cancer. Smoking increases the risk of cervical cancer about two to four fold.",
"Weakened immune system: Women whose immune systems are weakened or have become weakened by medications (for example, those taken after an organ transplant) also have a higher risk of precancerous changes in the cervix.",
"Other risk factors: Other risk factors for precancerous changes in the cervix, having an abnormal Pap test, having multiple sexual partners, and becoming sexually active at a young age.",
"If a woman has had a history of a cellular abnormality on a previous Pap smear, it is important for her to inform the health-care professional performing the current Pap smear. The woman should provide the details of any previous problems and treatments so that this information can be noted on the lab form. The past history of the woman helps the person who is reading (interpreting) the current Pap smear, because a particular abnormality on previous screening alerts the health-care professional to look more carefully for specific findings on the current Pap smear.",
"It is a requirement that the report comment on the adequacy of the smear sample for Pap analysis. If the sample is inadequate, the report details the reason. Examples of problems that might be listed under \"sample adequacy\" include \"drying artifact\" or \"excessive blood.\" These comments refer to factors that the person analyzing the smear feels may have interfered with his or her ability to interpret the sample.",
"Sometimes, a Pap smear report will read \"unsatisfactory due to excessive inflammation.\" Inflammation that is present in the woman's cervical area may make it difficult to interpret the Pap smear. Examples of causes of inflammation might include infections or irritation. Inflammation is a common finding on pap smears. If it is severe, your doctor may want to try to determine the cause of the inflammation. In many cases, a repeat pap smear is recommended to determine if the inflammation has resolved and to obtain a sample that is adequate for interpretation.",
"The patient's history: The reader (the person reading the smear) takes into account the woman's history as noted on the lab request by the clinician performing the smear.",
"The presence or absence of cellular abnormalities: The reader then notes whether cellular abnormalities were seen on the slides. If the appearance of the Pap smear does not seem to coincide with the woman's clinical history, a comment may also be made to that effect.",
"Once the final diagnosis has been made, the follow-up recommendation informs you what the appropriate next step(s) might be. For example, if the final diagnosis states that the smear was \"within normal limits,\" the appropriate follow-up might be \"recommend routine follow-up.\"",
"An abnormal Pap smear is one in which the laboratory interprets the cellular changes to be different from those normally seen on a healthy cervix. There are a number of possible follow-up scenarios for an abnormal Pap smear.",
"If a Pap smear is interpreted as abnormal, there are a number of different management and treatment options including colposcopy, conization, cryocauterization, laser therapy, and large-loop excision of the transformation zone.",
"All of these procedures have essentially the same overall cure rate of over 90%. However, the procedures do vary considerably in a number of other respects and so will be discussed separately.",
"Colposcopy is a procedure that allows the doctor to take a closer look at the cervix. The colposcope is essentially a magnifying glass for the cervix. For colposcopy to be adequate, the whole cervical lesion, as well as the whole transformation zone (the transition between the vagina-like lining and the uterus-like lining), must be seen.",
"During colposcopy, the cervix is cleaned and soaked with 3% acetic acid (vinegar). This mild acid not only cleans the surface of the cervix but it also allows cellular abnormalities to show up as white areas (called acetowhite epithelium or acetowhite lesions).",
"If suspicious areas of cervical tissue are seen during colposcopy, a biopsy (tissue sampling) is often done. The sample is sent to the laboratory for analysis by a pathologist, and the biopsy results determine the next step in the treatment.",
"The procedure is essentially painless and quite simple, usually taking only several minutes to perform. Generally, the woman is instructed not to have intercourse, douche, or use tampons for about a week afterwards if a biopsy is done. Pregnancy is not a contraindication to colposcopy. Colposcopy can adequately evaluate 90% of women who have abnormal Pap smear results.",
"Conization allows the entire area of abnormal tissue to be removed and provides the maximum amount of cervical tissue for laboratory evaluation to rule out the presence of invasive cancer. After the cervical area is visualized, generally by colposcopy, a small cone-shaped specimen of tissue is taken from around the endocervical canal.",
"Conization is usually done on an out-patient basis under anesthesia in a hospital or surgical facility. For three weeks after the procedure, the woman needs to avoid douching, and using tampons and refrain from sexual intercourse.",
"Cure rates close to 100% are achieved with conization as long as the cells along the margins of treatment are normal.",
"With conization, there are associated risks from anesthesia and postoperative hemorrhage (bleeding-in about 10% of cases) as well as possible future adverse effects on fertility. Conization is generally performed only on women who have had severe changes on biopsy, have adenocarcinoma in situ (a diagnosis of cancer in the inner portion of the cervix), or whose Pap smears suggest they may have some invasion of cancer into the nearby tissue.",
"Large-loop excision of the transformation zone (LEEP) removes the cervical transformation zone (the area where the vaginal-type lining changes to the uterine-type lining) using a thin-wire loop to administer electrocautery. It allows samples to be collected for additional tissue analysis and can be performed in the office under local anesthesia.",
"Specialized (more frequent) follow-up is necessary after LEEP. This follow-up includes Pap smears, colposcopy, and sometimes other techniques. This is now the most commonly used treatment for Pap smear abnormalities.",
"A hysterectomy for the treatment of abnormal Pap smears is appropriate only for those women who are finished with childbearing and have severe pre- cancerous abnormalities that have persisted despite other treatments.",
"HPV is a sexually transmitted virus that may be spread from one person to another even when the genital sores are not visible. Many sexually active people are carriers of HPV, very often without even knowing they are carriers. It is estimated that up to 60% of sexually active women harbor this virus on their cervix or in their vaginal area. It is not unusual for a woman to be unaware that she has HPV - only to find out that her Pap smear shows evidence of HPV.",
"HPV is not curable, although the cellular damage it causes is generally treatable and vaccines against the most commonly found HPV types are available.",
"The main use of HPV testing in screening for cervical cancer is for determination of treatment and follow-up recommendations for women with Pap smears interpreted as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US).",
"It is critically important to recognize that the women who are at highest risk for abnormal Pap smear testing are those who are not getting regular Pap testing. Therefore, it follows that in order to improve overall cervical cancer screening, women who are not getting regular Pap smears should be educated about and offered Pap testing. These under-served women should be the most heavily targeted for Pap screening.",
"Between 60% and 80% of American women who are newly diagnosed with invasive cervical cancer have not had a Pap smear in the past five years and may never have had one. Women who have not had Pap smear screening tend to be concentrated in certain population groups including:",
"Many doctors feel that the emphasis should be on universal access to proper Pap screening as opposed to the comparatively small benefit that would come from utilizing the newer technologies in women already undergoing screening. Cervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide. It is also one of the most preventable and treatable cancers.",
"Cancer detection are methods used to find cancer in persons who may or may not have symptoms. Symptoms of cancer are abnormal sensations or conditions that persons can notice that are a result of the cancer. It is important to your doctor for regular checkups and not wait for problems to occur.",
"Cervical cancer is cancer of the entrance to the womb (uterus) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). Regular pelvic exams, Pap testing and screening can detect precancerous changes in the cervix. Cervical cancer can be prevented by a vaccine. The most common signs and symptoms are an increase in vaginal discharge, painful sex, and postmenopausal bleeding. The prognosis and survival rate depends upon the stage at which the cancer was diagnosed.",
"During a colposcopy procedure, the vulva, vaginal walls, and uterine cervix is examined to detect abnormalities that may suggest diseases. Tests performed during colposcopy include acetic acid wash, color filter, or biopsy of the cervix. Treatments for cervical abnormalities include:",
"* carbon dioxide laser photoablation,\n* cryocautery,\n* LOOP (LEEP),\n* cold knife cone biopsy, or\n* hysterectomy.\nThe type of treatment depends upon the cervical abnormality. Colposcopy results could indicate dysplasia or cancer.",
"What is a health screening? Why is it important to know your blood pressure? How long will your health screening take? Learn about wellness screenings for women for breast cancer, HIV, diabetes, osteoporosis, skin cancer, and more.",
"Genital warts is a sexually transmitted infection (STI, STD) caused by the human papillomavirus (HPV). It is the most common STD in the US. The warts can appear anywhere on the skin where sexual contact has occurred.",
"The warts look like raised, flesh-colored lumps or bumps that have a cauliflower-like appearance. Signs and symptoms of genital warts in women include vaginal, vulva, or groin pain, itching, and burning where the wart(s) is.",
"Treatment can remove warts or lesions, but it does not prevent spread of the virus, and the warts usually grow back. Removing genital warts does not prevent the infection from spreading elsewhere on the body.",
"There is no cure for genital warts, and there is no vaccine to prevent them; however, there is a vaccine to prevent infection from four common types of HPV. Gardasil vaccine available for female adolescents and teens to prevent HPV infection and cervical cancer.",
"Estrogen therapy, estrogen/progestin therapy, and hormone therapy are terms that refer to the administration of estrogen or estrogen/progestin for the purpose of suppressing hot flashes. Side effects of hormone therapy include headaches, nausea, breast pain, blood clots, breast cancer, heart disease, abnormal vaginal bleeding, stroke, and uterine cancer.",
"A hysterectomy is a surgical procedure in which the uterus is removed. There are a variety of surgical techniques for performing hysterectomies, which include vaginal hysterectomy, total hysterectomy, laparoscopy-assisted vaginal hysterectomy (LAVH), supracervical hysterectomy, laparoscopic supracervical hysterectomy, radical hysterectomy, and oophorectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy hysterectomies.",
"Complications include infection, pain, and bleeding. The type of hysterectomy performed is dependent on the woman and the reason for the procedure.",
"Loop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a procedure used to remove abnormal tissues of the cervix. LEEP is used often to treat mild to moderate dysplasia. The effectiveness of LEEP is comparable to:",
"* cryotherapy,\n* cold knife conization,\n* laser ablation,\n* or laser conization.\nComplications from LEEP occur in approximately 1% to 2% of patients.",
"What is menopause? What are the signs of menopause? What age does menopause start? Learn about menopause and perimenopause symptoms. Find the latest treatments for menopause.",
"There are many types of ovarian cancer, epithelial carcinoma is the most common. Women with a family history of ovarian cancer have an increased risk of developing the disease. Some ovarian cancer symptoms include abdominal pain, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and abnormal vaginal bleeding, however, they usually do not present until the disease has progressed. Early diagnosis is important for successful treatment.",
"Ovarian cancer symptoms and signs include abdominal pain, bloating, frequent urination, and a feeling of fullness. Ovarian cancer treatment depends on the stage and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapy.",
"How common is ovarian cancer and who is at risk? Take our Ovarian Cancer Quiz to learn the causes, symptoms, and treatment for this disease.",
"Take the Puberty In Girls Quiz to learn the myths and facts about normal adolescent growth and development for teens and tweens.",
"Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are among the most common infectious diseases in the United States. STDs can be spread through any type of sexual activity involving the sex organs, the anus or mouth, or through contact with blood during sexual activity. Examples of STDs include, chancroid, chlamydia, gonorrhea, granuloma inguinale, lymphogranuloma venereum, syphilis, genital herpes, genital warts, trichomoniasis, pubic lice (crabs), and scabies. Treatment is generally with antibiotics; however, some STDs that go untreated can lead to death.",
"There are more sexually transmitted diseases than just the ones you've heard of. Find out what you've been missing with the STD Quiz.",
"Sexually transmitted infections like chlamydia and genital herpes are common STDs. Think you might have an STD? You’re not alone. Find pictures of herpes, gonorrhea, and more. Learn how venereal disease can harm your health, and how to tell your partner if you have an STD.",
"Though uterine cancer's cause is unknown, there are many factors that will put a woman at risk, including being over age 50, having endometrial hyperplasia, using hormone replacement therapy, obesity, using tamoxifen, being Caucasian, and/or having colorectal cancer. Symptoms and signs of cancer of the uterus (endometrial cancer) include abnormal vaginal bleeding, painful urination, painful intercourse, and pelvic pain. Treatment depends on staging and may include radiation therapy or hormone therapy.",
"The vagina is an elastic, muscular canal with a soft, flexible lining that provides lubrication and sensation. See a picture of the Vagina and learn more about the health topic.",
"©1996-2021 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use. MedicineNet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional information."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pap Smear: Abnormal Results, When to Get One & Guidelines\n\nMedicineNet\n\nwomen's health center/women's health a-z list/pap smear center /pap smear\narticle\n\n# Pap Smear\n\n * What Is It?\n\n * Facts you should know about Pap smears\n * What is a Pap smear procedure?\n * When to Get a Pap\n\n * Who should have a Pap smear?\n * Risks\n\n * What are the risks of having a Pap smear?\n * Specialists\n\n * What kind of doctor performs a Pap test?\n * Procedure\n\n * How do medical professionals perform a Pap smear?\n * Results\n\n * How will I find out the results of my Pap smear?\n * How do medical professionals analyze a Pap smear?\n * What information is included on a Pap smear report?\n * When might a Pap smear not be adequate for interpretation?\n * How do medical professionals make a final Pap smear diagnosis?\n * Abnormal Pap\n\n * What is an abnormal Pap smear?\n * What treatments are available if a Pap smear is abnormal?\n * Menstruation\n\n * Why is a woman's menstrual status important for the Pap smear?\n * Cervical Cancer\n\n * What are risk factors for cervical cancer and precancer?\n * With Pap smears so available, why are women still dying of cervical cancer?\n * History\n\n * Why is a woman's past Pap smear history pertinent?\n * Follow-up\n\n * What are the possible recommendations for follow-up after a Pap smear?\n * HPV Testing\n\n * What is the current status of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing?\n\n * Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\n * Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR\n\nMedically Reviewed on 7/9/2020\n\n * What Is It?\n\n * Facts you should know about Pap smears\n * What is a Pap smear procedure?\n * When to Get a Pap\n\n * Who should have a Pap smear?\n * Risks\n\n * What are the risks of having a Pap smear?\n * Specialists\n\n * What kind of doctor performs a Pap test?\n * Procedure\n\n * How do medical professionals perform a Pap smear?\n * Results\n\n * How will I find out the results of my Pap smear?\n * How do medical professionals analyze a Pap smear?\n * What information is included on a Pap smear report?\n * When might a Pap smear not be adequate for interpretation?\n * How do medical professionals make a final Pap smear diagnosis?\n * Abnormal Pap\n\n * What is an abnormal Pap smear?\n * What treatments are available if a Pap smear is abnormal?\n * Menstruation\n\n * Why is a woman's menstrual status important for the Pap smear?\n * Cervical Cancer\n\n * What are risk factors for cervical cancer and precancer?\n * With Pap smears so available, why are women still dying of cervical cancer?\n * History\n\n * Why is a woman's past Pap smear history pertinent?\n * Follow-up\n\n * What are the possible recommendations for follow-up after a Pap smear?\n * HPV Testing\n\n * What is the current status of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing?\n * Center\n\n * Pap Smear Center\n * Comments\n\n * Patient Comments: Pap Smear - Results\n * Patient Comments: Pap Smear - Frequency of Testing\n * More\n\n * Find a local Obstetrician-Gynecologist in your town\n\n### Facts you should know about Pap smears\n\n * Share Your Story\n\n * A Pap smear is a simple, quick, and essentially painless screening test (procedure) for cancer or precancer of the uterine cervix.\n * Cells collected from a woman's cervix during a pelvic exam are spread on a microscope slide for examination.\n * The cells are evaluated for abnormalities, specifically for pre- cancerous and cancerous changes.\n * A woman may experience a small amount of spotting (light vaginal bleeding) immediately after a Pap smear, but heavy or excessive bleeding is not normal.\n * Cervical cancer screening is recommended every 3 years for women aged 21-65.\n * The Pap smear is analyzed according to a uniform standardized system known as the Bethesda System.\n * An abnormal Pap smear may show precancerous changes that can be treated at an early stage, before cancer develops.\n * A recording of the woman's menstruation status and whether and when she had abnormal Pap smears previously is essential to the reader of the current Pap smear.\n * Up to 80% of women diagnosed with invasive cancer of the cervix have not had a Pap smear in the past 5 years.\n * Cancer of the cervix is largely a preventable disease.\n\n### What is a Pap smear procedure?\n\nA Pap smear (Papanicolau smear; also known as the Pap test) is a screening\ntest for cervical cancer. The test itself involves collection of a sample of\ncells from a woman's cervix (the end of the uterus that extends into the\nvagina) during a routine pelvic exam. The cells are placed on a glass slide\nand stained with a substance known as Papanicolau stain. The stained cells are\nthen examined under a microscope to look for pre-malignant (before-cancer) or\nmalignant (cancer) changes.\n\nA Pap smear is a simple, quick, and relatively painless screening test. Its\nspecificity, which means its ability to avoid classifying a normal smear as\nabnormal (a \"false positive\" result), while very good, is not perfect. The\nsensitivity of a Pap smear, which means its ability to detect every single\nabnormality, while good, also is not perfect, and some \"false negative\"\nresults (in which abnormalities are present but not detected by the test) will\noccur. Thus, a few women develop cervical cancer despite having regular Pap\nscreening.\n\nIn the vast majority of cases, a Pap test does identify minor cellular\nabnormalities before they have had a chance to become malignant, and at a\npoint when the condition is most easily treatable. The Pap smear is not\nintended to detect other forms of cancer such as those of the ovary, vagina,\nor uterus. Cancer of these organs may be discovered during the course of the\ngynecologic (pelvic) exam, which usually is done at the same time as the Pap\nsmear.\n\n### Cervical Cancer Symptoms\n\nIn its early stages, cervical cancer typically does not cause symptoms;\nhowever, when symptoms do occur, one of the most common symptoms is abnormal\nvaginal bleeding. This can include:\n\n * Bleeding between menstrual periods\n * Bleeding after sexual intercourse or a pelvic exam\n * Bleeding after douching\n * Unusually heavy menstrual bleeding\n * Bleeding after menopause\n\nOther symptoms of cervical cancer may include:\n\n * Pelvic pain\n * Vaginal discharge\n * Pain during sexual intercourse\n\nRead more about cervical cancer symptoms and signs »\n\n### Who should have a Pap smear?\n\n * Readers Comments 3\n * Share Your Story\n\nGuidelines have been developed for cervical cancer screening that address the\nfrequency with which women should have Pap smears. The US Preventive Services\nTask Force (USPSTF) and the American Cancer Society (ACS) both recommend that\nall women receive cervical cancer screening every 3 years between the ages of\n21 and 65. A Pap smear is the typical screening procedure, but when a Pap\nsmear is combined with a test for human papillomavirus (HPV, the known cause\nof cervical cancers), screening every 5 years is acceptable for women aged 30\nand above.\n\nPregnancy does not prevent a woman from having a Pap smear, therefore, Pap\nsmears can be safely done during pregnancy.\n\nPap smear testing is not indicated for women who have had a hysterectomy (with\nremoval of the cervix) for benign conditions. Women who have had a\nhysterectomy in which the cervix is not removed, called subtotal hysterectomy,\nshould continue screening following the same guidelines as women who have not\nhad a hysterectomy.\n\n### What are the risks of having a Pap smear?\n\nThere are absolutely no known medical risks associated with Pap smear\nscreening. (However, there are medical risks from not having a Pap smear.) A\nwoman may experience a small amount of spotting (light vaginal bleeding)\nimmediately after a Pap smear, but heavy or excessive bleeding is not normal.\n\n### What kind of doctor performs a Pap test?\n\nPap testing is performed by obstetrician-gynecologists (OB-GYNs) or by primary\ncare physicians including family practitioners, internal medicine specialists,\nor pediatricians. Pap smears can also be performed by other specially trained\nhealth-care professionals including physician assistants, nurse practitioners,\nor nurse midwives.\n\n### How do medical professionals perform a Pap smear?\n\nWith the woman positioned on her back, the health-care professional will often\nfirst examine the outside of the patient's genital and rectal areas, including\nthe urethra (the opening where urine leaves the body), to assure that they\nlook normal.\n\n * A speculum is then inserted into the vaginal area (the birth canal). (A speculum is an instrument that allows the vagina and the cervix to be viewed and examined.)\n * A small brush or swab is inserted into the opening of the cervix and twirled around to collect a sample of cells.\n * A second sample is also collected on the surface of the cervix as part of the Pap smear\n * The samples are placed in a solution from which cells are isolated and used to produce slides for laboratory evaluation.\n\nA bimanual (both hands) pelvic exam usually follows the collection of the two\nsamples for the Pap smear. The bimanual examination involves the physician or\nhealth-care professional inserting two fingers of one hand inside the vaginal\ncanal while feeling the ovaries and uterus with the other hand on top of the\nabdomen (belly).\n\n#### SLIDESHOW\n\nHealth Screening Tests Every Woman Needs See Slideshow\n\n### How will I find out the results of my Pap smear?\n\nThe results of the Pap smear are usually available within one to two weeks. At\nthe end of Pap smear testing, each woman should ask how she should expect to\nbe informed about the results of her Pap smear. If a woman has not learned of\nher results after a month, she should contact her health-care professional's\noffice.\n\n### What is an abnormal Pap smear?\n\n * Readers Comments 5\n * Share Your Story\n\nAn abnormal Pap smear shows cancer or precancerous changes in the cells of the\ncervix. It is especially important to identify abnormal cells in the early\nstages, because treatment can be carried out to remove the abnormal cells. The\nsection below entitled \"How is a Pap smear read and analyzed\" contains the\nspecific terminology used in the report for an abnormal Pap smear.\n\n### Latest Women's Health News\n\n * Women Are as Competitive as Men\n * Women on More Time When Deadlines Loom\n * Could Breastfeeding Help Women Keep Their Smarts?\n * PTSD Symptoms May Vary Throughout Menstrual Cycle\n * Laser Therapy to 'Rejuvenate' Vaginal Tissue\n * Want More News? Sign Up for MedicineNet Newsletters!\n\n### Daily Health News\n\n * COVID Vaccine For Young Kids\n * Replace Smoke Alarm Batteries\n * Return of International Travel\n * Bypass Surgery vs. Stenting\n * Vaccine Mandate for Big Businesses\n * More Health News »\n\n### Trending on MedicineNet\n\n * Triple-Negative Breast Cancer\n * Causes of Stool Color Changes\n * Good Heart Rate By Age\n * Laminectomy Recovery Time\n * Normal Blood Pressure By Age\n\n### How do medical professionals analyze a Pap smear?\n\nPap smear analysis and reports are all based on a medical terminology system\ncalled The Bethesda System. The system was developed (at the National\nInstitutes of Health (NIH) in Bethesda, Maryland) to encourage all medical\nprofessionals analyzing Pap smears to use the same reporting system.\nStandardization reduces the possibility that different laboratories might\nreport different results for the same smear.\n\nThe Bethesda System was the outcome of a National Cancer Institute workshop\nthat was held in 1988 in an effort to standardize Pap smear reports. In 2001,\nthe guidelines were revised and improved. Acceptance of the Bethesda reporting\nsystem in the United States is virtually universal.\n\nThe major categories for abnormal Pap smears reported in the Bethesda Systems\nare as follows (described in further detail in the \"What are the possible\nrecommendations for follow-up after a Pap smear?\" section):\n\n * ASC-US: This abbreviation stands for atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance.\n * LSIL: This abbreviation stands for low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Under the old system of classification, this category was called CIN grade I.\n * HSIL: This abbreviation stands for high-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion. Under the old system of classification, this category was called CIN grade II, CIN grade III, or CIS.\n * ASC-H: This means atypical cells are present and HSIL cannot be excluded.\n\nThe word \"squamous\" describes the thin, flat cells that lie on the surface of\nthe cervix. \"Intraepithelial\" indicates that the surface layer of cells is\naffected. A \"lesion\" means that abnormal tissue is present.\n\nAn abnormal or inadequate Pap smear report may contain the following\ndiagnoses.\n\n#### Absence of endocervical cells on the Pap smear\n\nThere is a particular area inside the opening of the cervix where the cells\nlining the vagina change to the cells that characterize the inside of the\ncervix (endocervical cells). This is called the \"transition zone\". The Pap\nsmear sample from the cervical opening attempts to sample these cells.\nHowever, this area may be so far up inside the cervix that the Pap smear\nsampling instrument simply cannot reach that high. Sometimes, the transition\nzone may be less accessible to the Pap brush or the cervical opening cannot be\nseen well enough to obtain an adequate sample.\n\n#### Unreliable Pap smear due to inflammation\n\nIf severe inflammation is present, its cause(s) are investigated. The\nphysician's goals are to identify the cause of inflammation and to treat and\nresolve the condition, if possible. Untreated inflammation can have\nconsequences for the woman as well as her sexual partner(s).\n\nThe vaginal irritation may be caused by a lack of estrogen, such as occurs\nafter menopause when the ovaries stop producing this hormone. This lack of\nestrogen tends to make the vaginal walls irritated and red. If a woman has\nthis condition and it is related to an estrogen deficiency (called \"atrophic\nvaginitis\" and usually described on the Pap smear report as \"atrophic\nchanges\"), her physician may recommend a trial of topical (locally- applied)\nvaginal estrogen (cream, vaginal estrogen tablets, vaginal estrogen ring) to\nheal the inflammation. The Pap smear is then repeated.\n\n#### Atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (ASC-US)\n\nSometimes, atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance (also called\n\"ASC-US\"), is the Pap report. This is the mildest form of cellular abnormality\non the spectrum of cells ranging from normal to cancerous. ASC-US means that\nthe cells appear abnormal, but are not malignant.\n\n\"Of undetermined significance\" means that the atypical-appearing cells may be\nthe end result of a number of different types of injuries to the cervix. For\nexample, the human papilloma virus (HPV) could be the cause of ASC-US. Most\ninstances of ASC-US (80%-90%) resolve spontaneously (by themselves without\nspecific medical intervention or treatment).\n\n#### Low-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (LSIL)\n\nA reading of LSIL is a reason for immediate further investigation because it\nis more abnormal than ASC-US. Fifteen to 30% of women who have this\nabnormality on Pap testing will have a more serious abnormality on biopsy of\nthe cervix. Thus, all women with LSIL are recommended to undergo colposcopy\n(an examination of the cervix using a special visualizing scope, often\naccompanied by a cervical biopsy, see below). Even LSIL spontaneously returns\nto normal without therapy in many women within several months.\n\n#### High-grade squamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL)\n\nThe most severe cellular abnormality that is not actually cancer is high-grade\nsquamous intraepithelial lesion (HSIL). A finding of HSIL unquestionably\nrequires prompt evaluation and treatment.\n\n### What information is included on a Pap smear report?\n\nThe first items on a Pap smear report are for purposes of identification. The\nreport is expected to have the name of the woman, the name of the pathologist\nand/or the cytotechnologist who read the smear, the source of the specimen (in\nthis case, the cervix), and the date of the last menstrual period of the\nwoman.\n\nThe Pap smear report should also include the following:\n\n * A description of the woman's menstrual status (for example, \"menopausal\" (no longer menstruating) or \"regular menstrual periods\")\n * The woman's relevant medical history (example, \"history of genital warts\")\n * The number of slides (either one or two, depending on the health care professional's routine practice)\n * A description of the specimen adequacy (whether the sample is satisfactory for interpretation)\n * The final diagnosis (for example, \"within normal limits\")\n * The recommendation for follow-up (for example, \"recommend routine follow-up\" or \"recommend repeat smear\")\n\n### Why is a woman's menstrual status important for the Pap smear?\n\nA woman who is menstruating sheds cells from the lining of her uterus called\nendometrial cells. If these cells are seen on the Pap smear of a menstruating\nwoman, the report may note that these cells are present. This is normal if the\nPap test was done around the time of the woman's menstrual period. The comment\nthat these cells are \"cytologically benign\" means that they do not appear to\nbe malignant (cancerous) cells.\n\nHowever, if a woman is menopausal (no longer menstruating) she would not be\nexpected to be shedding cells from the uterine lining. Therefore, endometrial\ncells on a Pap report might be indicative of an abnormal thickening of the\nendometrium, the lining of the uterus. The Pap smear is not specifically\ndesigned to detect such an abnormality. Nonetheless, if these cells are noted\nin a non-menstruating woman, her doctor should attempt to determine the cause\nof the shedding of the endometrial cells.\n\nSometimes, the cause is endometrial hyperplasia, a precancerous condition of\nthe uterine lining, which can be detected by a relatively simple office\nprocedure called an endometrial biopsy. Sometimes, menopausal hormone therapy\ncan cause shedding of endometrial cells that appear on a Pap smear. The\npattern of bleeding, the exact type of hormone therapy, and the individual\nwoman's health history are the three components that guide the physician to\nknow whether and what type of further evaluation is necessary.\n\n### Subscribe to MedicineNet's General Health Newsletter\n\nBy clicking Submit, I agree to the MedicineNet's Terms & Conditions & Privacy\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of MedicineNet's subscriptions at any\ntime.\n\n### What are risk factors for cervical cancer and precancer?\n\nA number of risk factors have been identified for the development of cervical\ncancer and precancerous changes in the cervix.\n\n * HPV: The principal risk factor is infection with the genital wart virus, also called the human papillomavirus (HPV), although most women with HPV infection do not get cervical cancer. Almost all cervical cancers are related to HPV infection. Some women are more likely to have abnormal Pap smears than other women.\n * Smoking: One common risk factor for premalignant and malignant changes in the cervix is smoking. Although smoking is associated with many different cancers, many women do not realize that smoking is strongly linked to cervical cancer. Smoking increases the risk of cervical cancer about two to four fold.\n * Weakened immune system: Women whose immune systems are weakened or have become weakened by medications (for example, those taken after an organ transplant) also have a higher risk of precancerous changes in the cervix.\n * Medications: Women whose mothers took the drug diethylstilbestrol (DES) during pregnancy also are at increased risk.\n * Other risk factors: Other risk factors for precancerous changes in the cervix, having an abnormal Pap test, having multiple sexual partners, and becoming sexually active at a young age.\n\n### Why is a woman's past Pap smear history pertinent?\n\nIf a woman has had a history of a cellular abnormality on a previous Pap\nsmear, it is important for her to inform the health-care professional\nperforming the current Pap smear. The woman should provide the details of any\nprevious problems and treatments so that this information can be noted on the\nlab form. The past history of the woman helps the person who is reading\n(interpreting) the current Pap smear, because a particular abnormality on\nprevious screening alerts the health-care professional to look more carefully\nfor specific findings on the current Pap smear.\n\n### When might a Pap smear not be adequate for interpretation?\n\nIt is a requirement that the report comment on the adequacy of the smear\nsample for Pap analysis. If the sample is inadequate, the report details the\nreason. Examples of problems that might be listed under \"sample adequacy\"\ninclude \"drying artifact\" or \"excessive blood.\" These comments refer to\nfactors that the person analyzing the smear feels may have interfered with his\nor her ability to interpret the sample.\n\nSometimes, a Pap smear report will read \"unsatisfactory due to excessive\ninflammation.\" Inflammation that is present in the woman's cervical area may\nmake it difficult to interpret the Pap smear. Examples of causes of\ninflammation might include infections or irritation. Inflammation is a common\nfinding on pap smears. If it is severe, your doctor may want to try to\ndetermine the cause of the inflammation. In many cases, a repeat pap smear is\nrecommended to determine if the inflammation has resolved and to obtain a\nsample that is adequate for interpretation.\n\n### How do medical professionals make a final Pap smear diagnosis?\n\n * Share Your Story\n\nThe final Pap smear diagnosis is based on three determining factors:\n\n 1. The patient's history: The reader (the person reading the smear) takes into account the woman's history as noted on the lab request by the clinician performing the smear.\n 2. Sample adequacy: The reader then decides whether the sample was adequate for interpretation.\n 3. The presence or absence of cellular abnormalities: The reader then notes whether cellular abnormalities were seen on the slides. If the appearance of the Pap smear does not seem to coincide with the woman's clinical history, a comment may also be made to that effect.\n\nThe final diagnosis is a short statement that summarizes what the reader has\nfound.\n\n### What are the possible recommendations for follow-up after a Pap smear?\n\nOnce the final diagnosis has been made, the follow-up recommendation informs\nyou what the appropriate next step(s) might be. For example, if the final\ndiagnosis states that the smear was \"within normal limits,\" the appropriate\nfollow-up might be \"recommend routine follow-up.\"\n\nAn abnormal Pap smear is one in which the laboratory interprets the cellular\nchanges to be different from those normally seen on a healthy cervix. There\nare a number of possible follow-up scenarios for an abnormal Pap smear.\n\n### What treatments are available if a Pap smear is abnormal?\n\n * Share Your Story\n\nIf a Pap smear is interpreted as abnormal, there are a number of different\nmanagement and treatment options including colposcopy, conization,\ncryocauterization, laser therapy, and large-loop excision of the\ntransformation zone.\n\nAll of these procedures have essentially the same overall cure rate of over\n90%. However, the procedures do vary considerably in a number of other\nrespects and so will be discussed separately.\n\n#### Colposcopy\n\nColposcopy is a procedure that allows the doctor to take a closer look at the\ncervix. The colposcope is essentially a magnifying glass for the cervix. For\ncolposcopy to be adequate, the whole cervical lesion, as well as the whole\ntransformation zone (the transition between the vagina-like lining and the\nuterus-like lining), must be seen.\n\nDuring colposcopy, the cervix is cleaned and soaked with 3% acetic acid\n(vinegar). This mild acid not only cleans the surface of the cervix but it\nalso allows cellular abnormalities to show up as white areas (called\nacetowhite epithelium or acetowhite lesions).\n\nIf suspicious areas of cervical tissue are seen during colposcopy, a biopsy\n(tissue sampling) is often done. The sample is sent to the laboratory for\nanalysis by a pathologist, and the biopsy results determine the next step in\nthe treatment.\n\nThe procedure is essentially painless and quite simple, usually taking only\nseveral minutes to perform. Generally, the woman is instructed not to have\nintercourse, douche, or use tampons for about a week afterwards if a biopsy is\ndone. Pregnancy is not a contraindication to colposcopy. Colposcopy can\nadequately evaluate 90% of women who have abnormal Pap smear results.\n\n#### Conization\n\nConization allows the entire area of abnormal tissue to be removed and\nprovides the maximum amount of cervical tissue for laboratory evaluation to\nrule out the presence of invasive cancer. After the cervical area is\nvisualized, generally by colposcopy, a small cone-shaped specimen of tissue is\ntaken from around the endocervical canal.\n\nConization is usually done on an out-patient basis under anesthesia in a\nhospital or surgical facility. For three weeks after the procedure, the woman\nneeds to avoid douching, and using tampons and refrain from sexual\nintercourse.\n\nCure rates close to 100% are achieved with conization as long as the cells\nalong the margins of treatment are normal.\n\nWith conization, there are associated risks from anesthesia and postoperative\nhemorrhage (bleeding-in about 10% of cases) as well as possible future adverse\neffects on fertility. Conization is generally performed only on women who have\nhad severe changes on biopsy, have adenocarcinoma in situ (a diagnosis of\ncancer in the inner portion of the cervix), or whose Pap smears suggest they\nmay have some invasion of cancer into the nearby tissue.\n\n#### Large-loop excision (LEEP) of the transformation zone\n\nLarge-loop excision of the transformation zone (LEEP) removes the cervical\ntransformation zone (the area where the vaginal-type lining changes to the\nuterine-type lining) using a thin-wire loop to administer electrocautery. It\nallows samples to be collected for additional tissue analysis and can be\nperformed in the office under local anesthesia.\n\nSpecialized (more frequent) follow-up is necessary after LEEP. This follow-up\nincludes Pap smears, colposcopy, and sometimes other techniques. This is now\nthe most commonly used treatment for Pap smear abnormalities.\n\n#### Hysterectomy\n\nA hysterectomy for the treatment of abnormal Pap smears is appropriate only\nfor those women who are finished with childbearing and have severe pre-\ncancerous abnormalities that have persisted despite other treatments.\n\n### What is the current status of human papillomavirus (HPV) testing?\n\nHPV is a sexually transmitted virus that may be spread from one person to\nanother even when the genital sores are not visible. Many sexually active\npeople are carriers of HPV, very often without even knowing they are carriers.\nIt is estimated that up to 60% of sexually active women harbor this virus on\ntheir cervix or in their vaginal area. It is not unusual for a woman to be\nunaware that she has HPV - only to find out that her Pap smear shows evidence\nof HPV.\n\nHPV is not curable, although the cellular damage it causes is generally\ntreatable and vaccines against the most commonly found HPV types are\navailable.\n\nThe main use of HPV testing in screening for cervical cancer is for\ndetermination of treatment and follow-up recommendations for women with Pap\nsmears interpreted as atypical squamous cells of undetermined significance\n(ASC-US).\n\n### With Pap smears so available, why are women still dying of cervical\ncancer?\n\nIt is critically important to recognize that the women who are at highest risk\nfor abnormal Pap smear testing are those who are not getting regular Pap\ntesting. Therefore, it follows that in order to improve overall cervical\ncancer screening, women who are not getting regular Pap smears should be\neducated about and offered Pap testing. These under-served women should be the\nmost heavily targeted for Pap screening.\n\nBetween 60% and 80% of American women who are newly diagnosed with invasive\ncervical cancer have not had a Pap smear in the past five years and may never\nhave had one. Women who have not had Pap smear screening tend to be\nconcentrated in certain population groups including:\n\n * Older women;\n * The uninsured;\n * Ethnic minorities, especially Latino, African American, and Asian American women;\n * Poor women; and\n * Women in rural areas.\n\nMany doctors feel that the emphasis should be on universal access to proper\nPap screening as opposed to the comparatively small benefit that would come\nfrom utilizing the newer technologies in women already undergoing screening.\nCervical cancer is one of the most common causes of cancer worldwide. It is\nalso one of the most preventable and treatable cancers.\n\n## Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n\nMedically Reviewed on 7/9/2020\n\nReferences\n\nMedically reviewed by Wayne S. Blocker, MD; Board Certification Obstetrics and\nGynecology\n\nREFERENCE:\n\n\"Cervical cancer screening tests: Techniques and test characteristics of\ncervical cytology and human papillomavirus testing.\" UpToDate.com.\n\nComplete List\n\n### Top Pap Smear Related Articles\n\n * #### Screening Tests for Cancer\n\nCancer detection are methods used to find cancer in persons who may or may not\nhave symptoms. Symptoms of cancer are abnormal sensations or conditions that\npersons can notice that are a result of the cancer. It is important to your\ndoctor for regular checkups and not wait for problems to occur.\n\n * #### Cervical Cancer (Cancer of the Cervix)\n\nCervical cancer is cancer of the entrance to the womb (uterus) caused by the\nhuman papillomavirus (HPV). Regular pelvic exams, Pap testing and screening\ncan detect precancerous changes in the cervix. Cervical cancer can be\nprevented by a vaccine. The most common signs and symptoms are an increase in\nvaginal discharge, painful sex, and postmenopausal bleeding. The prognosis and\nsurvival rate depends upon the stage at which the cancer was diagnosed.\n\n * #### Colposcopy\n\nDuring a colposcopy procedure, the vulva, vaginal walls, and uterine cervix is\nexamined to detect abnormalities that may suggest diseases. Tests performed\nduring colposcopy include acetic acid wash, color filter, or biopsy of the\ncervix. Treatments for cervical abnormalities include:\n\n * carbon dioxide laser photoablation,\n * cryocautery,\n * LOOP (LEEP),\n * cold knife cone biopsy, or\n * hysterectomy.\n\nThe type of treatment depends upon the cervical abnormality. Colposcopy\nresults could indicate dysplasia or cancer.\n\n * #### Female Screening Tests\n\nWhat is a health screening? Why is it important to know your blood pressure?\nHow long will your health screening take? Learn about wellness screenings for\nwomen for breast cancer, HIV, diabetes, osteoporosis, skin cancer, and more.\n\n * #### Genital Warts (HPV) Infection in Women\n\nGenital warts is a sexually transmitted infection (STI, STD) caused by the\nhuman papillomavirus (HPV). It is the most common STD in the US. The warts can\nappear anywhere on the skin where sexual contact has occurred.\n\nThe warts look like raised, flesh-colored lumps or bumps that have a\ncauliflower-like appearance. Signs and symptoms of genital warts in women\ninclude vaginal, vulva, or groin pain, itching, and burning where the wart(s)\nis.\n\nTreatment can remove warts or lesions, but it does not prevent spread of the\nvirus, and the warts usually grow back. Removing genital warts does not\nprevent the infection from spreading elsewhere on the body.\n\nThere is no cure for genital warts, and there is no vaccine to prevent them;\nhowever, there is a vaccine to prevent infection from four common types of\nHPV. Gardasil vaccine available for female adolescents and teens to prevent\nHPV infection and cervical cancer.\n\n * #### Hormone Therapy\n\nEstrogen therapy, estrogen/progestin therapy, and hormone therapy are terms\nthat refer to the administration of estrogen or estrogen/progestin for the\npurpose of suppressing hot flashes. Side effects of hormone therapy include\nheadaches, nausea, breast pain, blood clots, breast cancer, heart disease,\nabnormal vaginal bleeding, stroke, and uterine cancer.\n\n * #### Hysterectomy\n\nA hysterectomy is a surgical procedure in which the uterus is removed. There\nare a variety of surgical techniques for performing hysterectomies, which\ninclude vaginal hysterectomy, total hysterectomy, laparoscopy-assisted vaginal\nhysterectomy (LAVH), supracervical hysterectomy, laparoscopic supracervical\nhysterectomy, radical hysterectomy, and oophorectomy and salpingo-oophorectomy\nhysterectomies.\n\nComplications include infection, pain, and bleeding. The type of hysterectomy\nperformed is dependent on the woman and the reason for the procedure.\n\n * #### LEEP (Loop Electrosurgical Excision Procedure)\n\nLoop electrosurgical excision procedure (LEEP) is a procedure used to remove\nabnormal tissues of the cervix. LEEP is used often to treat mild to moderate\ndysplasia. The effectiveness of LEEP is comparable to:\n\n * cryotherapy,\n * cold knife conization,\n * laser ablation,\n * or laser conization.\n\nComplications from LEEP occur in approximately 1% to 2% of patients.\n\n * #### Menopause Slideshow\n\nWhat is menopause? What are the signs of menopause? What age does menopause\nstart? Learn about menopause and perimenopause symptoms. Find the latest\ntreatments for menopause.\n\n * #### Ovarian Cancer\n\nThere are many types of ovarian cancer, epithelial carcinoma is the most\ncommon. Women with a family history of ovarian cancer have an increased risk\nof developing the disease. Some ovarian cancer symptoms include abdominal\npain, nausea, diarrhea, constipation, and abnormal vaginal bleeding, however,\nthey usually do not present until the disease has progressed. Early diagnosis\nis important for successful treatment.\n\n * #### Ovarian Cancer Slides\n\nOvarian cancer symptoms and signs include abdominal pain, bloating, frequent\nurination, and a feeling of fullness. Ovarian cancer treatment depends on the\nstage and may include surgery, chemotherapy, radiation, and targeted therapy.\n\n * #### Ovarian Cancer Quiz\n\nHow common is ovarian cancer and who is at risk? Take our Ovarian Cancer Quiz\nto learn the causes, symptoms, and treatment for this disease.\n\n * #### Puberty in Girls Quiz\n\nTake the Puberty In Girls Quiz to learn the myths and facts about normal\nadolescent growth and development for teens and tweens.\n\n * #### Sexually Transmitted Diseases in Women (STDs)\n\nSexually transmitted diseases (STDs) are among the most common infectious\ndiseases in the United States. STDs can be spread through any type of sexual\nactivity involving the sex organs, the anus or mouth, or through contact with\nblood during sexual activity. Examples of STDs include, chancroid, chlamydia,\ngonorrhea, granuloma inguinale, lymphogranuloma venereum, syphilis, genital\nherpes, genital warts, trichomoniasis, pubic lice (crabs), and scabies.\nTreatment is generally with antibiotics; however, some STDs that go untreated\ncan lead to death.\n\n * #### STD Quiz\n\nThere are more sexually transmitted diseases than just the ones you've heard\nof. Find out what you've been missing with the STD Quiz.\n\n * #### STDs Facts Slideshow\n\nSexually transmitted infections like chlamydia and genital herpes are common\nSTDs. Think you might have an STD? You’re not alone. Find pictures of herpes,\ngonorrhea, and more. Learn how venereal disease can harm your health, and how\nto tell your partner if you have an STD.\n\n * #### Uterine Cancer\n\nThough uterine cancer's cause is unknown, there are many factors that will put\na woman at risk, including being over age 50, having endometrial hyperplasia,\nusing hormone replacement therapy, obesity, using tamoxifen, being Caucasian,\nand/or having colorectal cancer. Symptoms and signs of cancer of the uterus\n(endometrial cancer) include abnormal vaginal bleeding, painful urination,\npainful intercourse, and pelvic pain. Treatment depends on staging and may\ninclude radiation therapy or hormone therapy.\n\n * #### Vagina Picture\n\nThe vagina is an elastic, muscular canal with a soft, flexible lining that\nprovides lubrication and sensation. See a picture of the Vagina and learn more\nabout the health topic.\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n©1996-2021 MedicineNet, Inc. All rights reserved. Terms of Use. MedicineNet\ndoes not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See additional\ninformation.\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/pap-test",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210920212452/https://www.cancer.net/navigating-cancer-care/diagnosing-cancer/tests-and-procedures/pap-test",
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"title": "Cancer.Net",
"passages": [
"A Pap test is the most common test used to look for early changes in cells that can lead to cervical cancer. This test is also called a Pap smear. It involves gathering a sample of cells from the cervix. The cervix is the part of the uterus that opens to the vagina.",
"The sample is placed on a glass slide or in a bottle containing a solution to preserve the cells. Then it is sent to a laboratory for a pathologist to examine under a microscope. A pathologist is a doctor who specializes in reading laboratory tests and evaluating cells, tissues, and organs to diagnose disease. A pathologist can identify abnormal cells by looking at the sample.",
"Abnormal cells can be cancerous, but they are most often treatable, precancerous cellular changes, rather than cervical cancer. Some of the cells collected from the cervix during a Pap test may also be tested for human papillomavirus, also called HPV. Infection with HPV is a risk factor for cervical cancer. HPV is most commonly passed from person to person during sexual activity. There are different types, or strains, of HPV. Some strains are more strongly linked with certain types of cancer.",
"Your health care provider may test for HPV at the same time as a Pap test. Or you may need testing for HPV only after Pap test results show abnormal changes to the cervix. HPV testing may also be done separately from a Pap test. Learn more about HPV and cancer.",
"How often you need to have a Pap test depends on your age, results of previous tests, and other factors. Learn more about cervical cancer screening guidelines.",
"A gynecologist typically performs a Pap test. A gynecologist is a medical doctor who specializes in treating diseases of a woman’s reproductive organs. Sometimes other health care providers perform Pap tests. This may include primary care doctors, physician assistants, or nurse practitioners. If the person performing the test is a man, a female assistant or nurse may also be in the room.",
"If the results of the Pap test show cervical cancer, your health care provider will refer you to a gynecologist or an oncologist. An oncologist is a doctor who specializes in treating cancer.",
"To ensure that the Pap test results are as accurate as possible, do not have sexual intercourse for 2 to 3 days before the test. Also, to avoid washing away abnormal cells, do not use the following for 2 to 3 days before the test:",
"The best time to schedule your Pap test is at least 5 days after the end of your menstrual period. A Pap test can be done during your menstrual period, but it is better to schedule the test at another time.",
"Your health care provider will perform the Pap test during a pelvic exam in a private room in his or her office. It takes only a few minutes. The test may be uncomfortable, but it is not usually painful. You may experience less discomfort if you empty your bladder before the examination. Also, try taking deep breaths and relaxing your muscles during the procedure.",
"When you arrive for your Pap test, your health care provider may ask you some basic questions related to the test. These may include:",
"Before the procedure, you may need to change into a hospital gown in a private area or when your health care provider leaves the room. During the procedure, you will lay on your back on the exam table with your heels in the stirrups at the end of the table.",
"Next, your health care provider performing the exam will gently insert a lubricated plastic or metal instrument into your vagina. This tool, called a speculum, slowly spreads apart the vaginal walls. It may cause some discomfort.",
"After a visual inspection of your cervix, your health care provider will use a cotton swab or a cervical brush to gently scrape cells from 2 places on the cervix:",
"The endocervix, which is the part next to the body of the uterus. This area is called the transformation zone, and it is the location where cervical cancer typically develops.",
"Your health care provider will smear the cells onto a glass microscope slide or put the cells into a container with liquid that preserves the sample. He or she will then send the sample to a pathologist for evaluation.",
"You can resume your normal activities right after having a Pap test. You may have a small amount of vaginal bleeding after your Pap test. But tell your health care provider if you experience excessive bleeding.",
"If the Pap test shows abnormal cells and an HPV test is positive, your health care provider may suggest one or more additional tests. The Pap test is an excellent screening tool, but it is not perfect. Sometimes the results are normal even when abnormal cervical cells are present. This is called a \"false negative\" test result.",
"Regular screening is important. Talk with your health care provider about how often you should have a Pap test. Research shows that almost all cervical changes can be found with regular screening and treated before they become cancerous.",
"Trusted, compassionate information for people with cancer and their families and caregivers, from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), the voice of the world’s cancer physicians and oncology professionals."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pap Test | Cancer.Net\n\nSkip to Content\n\n * Español\n\n * ASCO.org\n * Conquer Cancer\n * ASCO Journals\n * Donate\n\neNews Signup\n\n * fCancer.net on Facebook\n * tCancer.net on Twitter\n * qCancer.net on YouTube\n\nSearch\n\nMenu\n\n * Home\n * Types of Cancer\n * Navigating Cancer Care\n\n * Cancer Basics\n * Diagnosing Cancer\n\n * When the Doctor Says “Cancer”\n * Questions to Ask Your Health Care Team\n * Tests and Procedures\n\n * Barium Enema\n * Biopsy\n * Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy\n * Bone Scan\n * Breast MRI\n * Colonoscopy\n * Computed Tomography (CT) Scan\n * Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)\n * Electrocardiogram (EKG) and Echocardiogram\n * Types of Endoscopy\n * Fecal Occult Blood Tests\n * Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)\n * Mammography\n * MUGA Scan\n * Pap Test\n * Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (PET-CT) Scans\n * Sigmoidoscopy\n * Tumor Marker Tests\n * Ultrasound\n * Upper Endoscopy\n * Reports and Results\n * Stages of Cancer\n * Managing Your Care\n * Financial Considerations\n * How Cancer is Treated\n * Palliative and Supportive Care\n * Dating, Sex, and Reproduction\n * Advanced Cancer\n * For Children\n * For Young Adults and Teenagers\n * For Older Adults\n * Prevention and Healthy Living\n * Cancer.Net Videos\n * Coping With Cancer\n * Research and Advocacy\n * Survivorship\n * Blog\n * About Us\n\nRequest Permissions\n\n## Pap Test\n\nApproved by the Cancer.Net Editorial Board, 06/2018\n\nListen to the Cancer.Net Podcast: Pap Test–What to Expect, adapted from this\ncontent.\n\nA Pap test is the most common test used to look for early changes in cells\nthat can lead to cervical cancer. This test is also called a Pap smear. It\ninvolves gathering a sample of cells from the cervix. The cervix is the part\nof the uterus that opens to the vagina.\n\nThe sample is placed on a glass slide or in a bottle containing a solution to\npreserve the cells. Then it is sent to a laboratory for a pathologist to\nexamine under a microscope. A pathologist is a doctor who specializes in\nreading laboratory tests and evaluating cells, tissues, and organs to diagnose\ndisease. A pathologist can identify abnormal cells by looking at the sample.\n\nAbnormal cells can be cancerous, but they are most often treatable,\nprecancerous cellular changes, rather than cervical cancer. Some of the cells\ncollected from the cervix during a Pap test may also be tested for human\npapillomavirus, also called HPV. Infection with HPV is a risk factor for\ncervical cancer. HPV is most commonly passed from person to person during\nsexual activity. There are different types, or strains, of HPV. Some strains\nare more strongly linked with certain types of cancer.\n\nYour health care provider may test for HPV at the same time as a Pap test. Or\nyou may need testing for HPV only after Pap test results show abnormal changes\nto the cervix. HPV testing may also be done separately from a Pap test. Learn\nmore about HPV and cancer.\n\nHow often you need to have a Pap test depends on your age, results of previous\ntests, and other factors. Learn more about cervical cancer screening\nguidelines.\n\n### Who performs my Pap test?\n\nA gynecologist typically performs a Pap test. A gynecologist is a medical\ndoctor who specializes in treating diseases of a woman’s reproductive organs.\nSometimes other health care providers perform Pap tests. This may include\nprimary care doctors, physician assistants, or nurse practitioners. If the\nperson performing the test is a man, a female assistant or nurse may also be\nin the room.\n\nIf the results of the Pap test show cervical cancer, your health care provider\nwill refer you to a gynecologist or an oncologist. An oncologist is a doctor\nwho specializes in treating cancer.\n\n### How should I prepare for a Pap test?\n\nTo ensure that the Pap test results are as accurate as possible, do not have\nsexual intercourse for 2 to 3 days before the test. Also, to avoid washing\naway abnormal cells, do not use the following for 2 to 3 days before the test:\n\n * Tampons\n\n * Birth control foams\n\n * Vaginal medicines\n\n * Douches\n\n * Vaginal creams or powders\n\nThe best time to schedule your Pap test is at least 5 days after the end of\nyour menstrual period. A Pap test can be done during your menstrual period,\nbut it is better to schedule the test at another time.\n\n### During the Pap test\n\nYour health care provider will perform the Pap test during a pelvic exam in a\nprivate room in his or her office. It takes only a few minutes. The test may\nbe uncomfortable, but it is not usually painful. You may experience less\ndiscomfort if you empty your bladder before the examination. Also, try taking\ndeep breaths and relaxing your muscles during the procedure.\n\nWhen you arrive for your Pap test, your health care provider may ask you some\nbasic questions related to the test. These may include:\n\n * Are you pregnant?\n\n * Do you use birth control?\n\n * What medications have you taken recently?\n\n * Do you smoke?\n\n * When was your last menstrual period, and how long did it last?\n\n * Do you have any symptoms, such as itching, redness, or sores?\n\n * Have you had surgery or other procedures on your reproductive organs?\n\n * Have you ever had abnormal results from a previous Pap test?\n\nBefore the procedure, you may need to change into a hospital gown in a private\narea or when your health care provider leaves the room. During the procedure,\nyou will lay on your back on the exam table with your heels in the stirrups at\nthe end of the table.\n\nNext, your health care provider performing the exam will gently insert a\nlubricated plastic or metal instrument into your vagina. This tool, called a\nspeculum, slowly spreads apart the vaginal walls. It may cause some\ndiscomfort.\n\nAfter a visual inspection of your cervix, your health care provider will use a\ncotton swab or a cervical brush to gently scrape cells from 2 places on the\ncervix:\n\n * The ectocervix, which is the part closest to the vagina\n\n * The endocervix, which is the part next to the body of the uterus. This area is called the transformation zone, and it is the location where cervical cancer typically develops.\n\nYou may feel pulling or pressure during the collection of the cells, but it\ntypically does not hurt.\n\nYour health care provider will smear the cells onto a glass microscope slide\nor put the cells into a container with liquid that preserves the sample. He or\nshe will then send the sample to a pathologist for evaluation.\n\n### After a Pap test\n\nYou can resume your normal activities right after having a Pap test. You may\nhave a small amount of vaginal bleeding after your Pap test. But tell your\nhealth care provider if you experience excessive bleeding.\n\nIf the Pap test shows abnormal cells and an HPV test is positive, your health\ncare provider may suggest one or more additional tests. The Pap test is an\nexcellent screening tool, but it is not perfect. Sometimes the results are\nnormal even when abnormal cervical cells are present. This is called a \"false\nnegative\" test result.\n\nRegular screening is important. Talk with your health care provider about how\noften you should have a Pap test. Research shows that almost all cervical\nchanges can be found with regular screening and treated before they become\ncancerous.\n\n### Questions to ask your health care team\n\nBefore having a Pap test, consider asking the following questions:\n\n * Who will perform my Pap test?\n\n * Should I also be tested for HPV?\n\n * When will I get the test results?\n\n * Who will explain the results to me?\n\n * What will happen if the test results are abnormal or unclear?\n\n * What further tests will be necessary if the test results indicate cancer?\n\n * After this test, when should I have my next Pap test?\n\n### Related Resources\n\nCancer.Net Podcast: HPV and Cancer\n\nCancer Screening\n\n### More Information\n\nNational Cancer Institute: Pap and HPV Testing\n\nEspañol\n\nf t k e P\n\n## Navigating Cancer Care\n\n### More in this section\n\n * Cancer Basics\n * Diagnosing Cancer\n\n * When the Doctor Says “Cancer”\n * Questions to Ask Your Health Care Team\n * Tests and Procedures\n\n * Barium Enema\n * Biopsy\n * Bone Marrow Aspiration and Biopsy\n * Bone Scan\n * Breast MRI\n * Colonoscopy\n * Computed Tomography (CT) Scan\n * Digital Rectal Exam (DRE)\n * Electrocardiogram (EKG) and Echocardiogram\n * Types of Endoscopy\n * Fecal Occult Blood Tests\n * Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI)\n * Mammography\n * MUGA Scan\n * Pap Test\n * Positron Emission Tomography and Computed Tomography (PET-CT) Scans\n * Sigmoidoscopy\n * Tumor Marker Tests\n * Ultrasound\n * Upper Endoscopy\n * Reports and Results\n * Stages of Cancer\n * Managing Your Care\n * Financial Considerations\n * How Cancer is Treated\n * Palliative and Supportive Care\n * Dating, Sex, and Reproduction\n * Advanced Cancer\n * For Children\n * For Young Adults and Teenagers\n * For Older Adults\n * Prevention and Healthy Living\n * Cancer.Net Videos\n\nTrusted, compassionate information for people with cancer and their families\nand caregivers, from the American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO), the\nvoice of the world’s cancer physicians and oncology professionals.\n\nFind a Cancer Doctor\n\n * ASCO.org\n * Conquer Cancer\n * ASCO Journals\n * Donate\n\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Sponsorship & Linking\n * Newsletter Signup\n * Order Cancer.Net Materials\n * RSS Feeds\n * Sitemap\n\n© 2005-2021 American Society of Clinical Oncology (ASCO). All rights reserved\nworldwide\n\n"
}
] |
8,636,645 | How To Identify a Bombay Cat | To identify a Bombay cat, start by looking for defining characteristics, such as shiny black fur, gold or copper eyes, and a rounded head and shoulders with a short nose. Additionally, check to see if your cat has a strong, muscular build, which is common in Bombay cats. You can also tell if you have a Bombay cat by watching to see if it has a swishing, swaying, panther-like walk. A Bombay cat will also be very talkative, so in addition to watching your cat, listen to it as well. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211105212955/http://www.vetstreet.com/cats/bombay",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171005013225/http://www.hillspet.com:80/en/us/cat-breeds/bombay",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200207083800/http://cfa.org:80/Breeds/BreedsAB/Bombay.aspx",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211105212954/https://cattime.com/cat-breeds/bombay-cats"
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"original_url": "http://www.vetstreet.com/cats/bombay",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211105212955/http://www.vetstreet.com/cats/bombay",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bombay Cat Breed Information",
"passages": [
"The Bombay is calm, gentle and affectionate. This solid, medium-size cat was created in the 1950s by crossing sable Burmese with black American Shorthairs. His short, velvety coat is easy to care for.",
"The Bombay is an easygoing and tolerant cat who takes life as it comes. He enjoys greeting visitors and gets along well with children, dogs and other cats, although he will expect to be the one in charge. It’s not unusual for him to learn to walk on a leash or to play active games such as fetch, but he also has a reputation as a lap cat. The Bombay loves attention, so do not get one if you don’t have the time or desire to interact with him frequently. He will want to be involved in everything you do.",
"Brush the Bombay weekly to keep his thick coat shiny and healthy. The only other grooming he needs is regular nail trimming and ear cleaning.",
"The Bombay is well suited to any home with people who will love him and care for him. Keep him indoors to protect him from cars, diseases spread by other cats and attacks from other animals.",
"When you look at a Bombay, you see a muscular, medium-size cat. If you were to pick him up, you would find that he is heftier than he looks.",
"To maintain the Bombay’s body type and coat texture, breeders may occasionally outcross to Burmese, one of the Bombay’s parent breeds. Outcrosses to American Shorthairs or domestic shorthairs are rarely done because the body type is not the same. The Bombay and Burmese differ in that the Bombay is slightly larger and has a longer body and longer legs.",
"While they reach sexual maturity early, sometimes at five months, Bombays may not complete their physical growth as far as size and muscle development until they are almost two years old.",
"The Bombay is one of several breeds created to look like a miniature version of a wild cat. In the Bombay’s case, he is the Mini-Me of the black panther and does quite a good impersonation indeed. To achieve him, breeders took two different paths. In Britain, they crossed Burmese with black domestic cats. In the United States, where the Bombay’s development in the 1950s is generally credited to Nikki Horner of Louisville, Kentucky, the breed was created by crossing sable Burmese with black American Shorthairs. The Bombay is recognized by the Cat Fanciers Association, The International Cat Association, and other cat registries.",
"It will be your good fortune if a Bombay crosses your path. This is a calm cat who adapts well to any type of household, including one with dogs or children. Other cats, not so much, unless they are willing to bow to his authority as top cat. He likes to be the center of attention and is endlessly curious.",
"The Bombay loves people, and some can be talkative. He is playful and can learn to retrieve, do tricks and walk on a leash if you so desire, but he’s not so active that he will wear you out with demands for play. He’s also easy to entertain. A paper sack or plastic water bottle will keep him occupied just as well as the most expensive toy. Expect to find him under the covers with you at bedtime.",
"The Bombay is highly intelligent. Challenge his brain and keep him interested in life by teaching him tricks and providing him with puzzle toys that will reward him with kibble or treats when he learns how to manipulate them.",
"Always choose a kitten from a breeder who raises litters in the home and handles them from an early age. Meet at least one and ideally both of the parents to ensure that they have nice temperaments.",
"All cats have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all people have the potential to inherit diseases. Any breeder who claims that her breed has no health or genetic problems is either lying or is not knowledgeable about the breed. Run, don’t walk, from any breeder who does not offer a health guarantee on kittens, who tells you that the breed is 100 percent healthy and has no known problems, or who tells you that her kittens are isolated from the main part of the household for health reasons.",
"The Bombay is generally healthy, but some of the problems that affect the breed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, excessive tearing of the eyes, and the possibility of breathing difficulties because of the cat’s short muzzle.",
"Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of heart disease in cats. It causes thickening (hypertrophy) of the heart muscle. An echocardiogram can confirm whether a cat has HCM. Avoid breeders who claim to have HCM-free lines. No one can guarantee that their cats will never develop HCM. Bombays that will be bred should be screened for HCM, and cats identified with HCM should be removed from breeding programs. Do not buy a kitten whose parents have not been tested for this disease. It is always wise to buy from a breeder who provides a written health guarantee.",
"Remember that after you’ve taken a new kitten into your home, you have the power to protect him from one of the most common health problems: obesity. More than many other cats, Bombays like to eat and can pack on the pounds if you’re not careful. Keeping a Bombay at an appropriate weight is one of the easiest ways to protect his overall health. Make the most of your preventive abilities to help ensure a healthier cat for life.",
"The Bombay has a short coat with hair that is shiny and fine and sheds little. The coat is easy to groom with weekly brushing. Use a rubber curry brush; he’ll love the massagelike feel as it goes over his coat.",
"The only other grooming the Bombay needs is regular nail trimming, usually weekly, and ear cleaning only if the ears look dirty. Use a gentle cleanser recommended by your veterinarian. Brush the teeth frequently with a vet- approved pet toothpaste for good overall health and fresh breath. Start brushing, nail trimming and teeth brushing early so your kitten becomes accepting of this activity.",
"You want your Bombay to be happy and healthy so you can enjoy your time with him, so do your homework before you bring him home. For more information on the history, personality and looks of the Bombay, or to find breeders, visit the websites of the Cat Fanciers Association, Cats Center Stage, the Fanciers Breeder Referral List, and The International Cat Association.",
"A reputable breeder will abide by a code of ethics that prohibits sales to pet stores and wholesalers and outlines the breeder’s responsibilities to their cats and to buyers. Choose a breeder who has performed the health certifications necessary to screen out genetic health problems to the extent that is possible, as well as one who raises kittens in the home. Kittens who are isolated can become fearful and skittish and may be difficult to socialize later in life.",
"Lots of reputable breeders have websites, so how can you tell who’s good and who’s not? Red flags include kittens always being available, multiple litters on the premises, having your choice of any kitten, and the ability to pay online with a credit card. Those things are convenient, but they are almost never associated with reputable breeders.",
"Whether you’re planning to get your feline friend from a breeder, a pet store, or another source, don’t forget that old adage “let the buyer beware”. Disreputable breeders and unhealthy catteries can be hard to distinguish from reliable operations. There’s no 100% guaranteed way to make sure you’ll never purchase a sick kitten, but researching the breed (so you know what to expect), checking out the facility (to identify unhealthy conditions or sick animals), and asking the right questions can reduce the chances of heading into a disastrous situation. And don’t forget to ask your veterinarian, who can often refer you to a reputable breeder, breed rescue organization, or other reliable source for healthy kittens.",
"Put at least as much effort into researching your kitten as you would into choosing a new car or expensive appliance. It will save you money in the long run.",
"Be patient. Depending on what you are looking for, you may have to wait six months or more for the right kitten to be available. Many breeders won't release kittens to new homes until they are between 12 and 16 weeks of age.",
"Before you buy a kitten, consider whether an adult Bombay might be a better choice for your lifestyle. Kittens are loads of fun, but they’re also a lot of work and can be destructive until they reach a somewhat more sedate adulthood. With an adult, you know more about what you’re getting in terms of personality and health. If you are interested in acquiring an adult cat instead of a kitten, ask breeders about purchasing a retired show or breeding cat or if they know of an adult cat who needs a new home.",
"The Bombay is an uncommon breed. It is unlikely that you will find one in a shelter or through a rescue group, but it doesn’t hurt to look. Sometimes pedigreed cats end up at the shelter after losing their home to an owner’s death, divorce or change in economic situation. Check the listings on Petfinder, Adopt-a-Pet.com or the Fanciers Breeder Referral List, and ask breeders if they know of a Bombay who is in need of a new home.",
"Wherever you acquire your Bombay, make sure you have a good contract with the seller, shelter or rescue group that spells out responsibilities on both sides. In states with “pet lemon laws,” be sure you and the person you get the cat from both understand your rights and recourses.",
"Kitten or adult, take your Bombay to your veterinarian soon after adoption. Your veterinarian will be able to spot problems, and will work with you to set up a preventive regimen that will help you avoid many health issues.",
"Bartonella is a type bacteria that can be transmitted to cats, dogs and humans from exposure to infected fleas and...",
"Want to give your pup yummy, low-calorie treats? We’ve got the skinny on which foods are OK to feed him.",
"Not sure about food puzzles? Our veterinarian reveals why the payoff for your pet is well worth any extra work.",
"Check out our collection of more than 250 videos about pet training, animal behavior, dog and cat breeds and more.",
"Wonder which dog or cat best fits your lifestyle? Our new tool will narrow down more than 300 breeds for you.",
"© 2001-Fri Nov 05 17:29:55 EDT 2021 Vetstreet. All rights reserved. Powered by Brightspot.Vetstreet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See Additional Information ›"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bombay Cat Breed Information\n\nVetstreet\n\nSubscribe to Petwire Newsletter\n\n * About Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n * Newsletter Subscription\n * Veterinary Solutions\n * Shop Your Vet\n\n© 2001-Fri Nov 05 17:29:55 EDT 2021 Vetstreet. All rights reserved. Powered by\nBrightspot.\n\nVetstreet does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nAdditional Information ›\n\nVetstreet\n\n * DOGS\n * CATS\n * Marketplace\n\n * ALL NEW!\n\nFIND YOUR VET\n\n * LEARN GUIDES TO PET WELLNESS\n * CARE KEEPING YOUR PET HEALTHY\n * TRAIN UNDERSTANDING PET BEHAVIOR\n * HealthyPet Magazine\n\n * Current Issue\n * Photo Contest\n\nHome ›\n\nCats ›\n\nBreeds ›\n\nBombay\n\nAdvertisement\n\n# Bombay\n\n * Twitter\n * Print\n * Email\n\nHelmi Flick, Animal Photography\n\nAlan Robinson, Animal Photography\n\nTetsu Yamazaki, Animal Photography\n\nTetsu Yamazaki, Animal Photography\n\nTetsu Yamazaki, Animal Photography\n\nTetsu Yamazaki, Animal Photography\n\nThe Bombay is calm, gentle and affectionate. This solid, medium-size cat was\ncreated in the 1950s by crossing sable Burmese with black American Shorthairs.\nHis short, velvety coat is easy to care for.\n\n## Breed Characteristics\n\nAdaptability\n\nHow easily a cat deals with change.\n\n| 5 stars|\n\nEnergy Level\n\nLevel of activity often exhibited.\n\n| 3 stars|\n\nShedding Level\n\nLevel and frequency of cat hair shedding.\n\n| 3 stars \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nAffection Level\n\nAmount of warmth or friendliness displayed.\n\n| 5 stars|\n\nGrooming\n\nAmount of bathing, brushing, even professional grooming needed.\n\n| 1 star|\n\nSocial Needs\n\nPreferred amount of interaction with other pets and humans.\n\n| 4 stars \n \nChild Friendly\n\nCats that tend to be more playful and easygoing around children and are more\ntolerant of children's behavior.\n\n| 4 stars|\n\nHealth Issues\n\nLevel of health issues a breed tends to have.\n\n| 3 stars|\n\nStranger Friendly\n\nTendency to be welcoming to new people.\n\n| 4 stars \n \nDog Friendly\n\nTendency to enjoy or tolerate dogs.\n\n| 5 stars|\n\nIntelligence\n\nA cat's thinking and problem-solving ability (not trainability).\n\n| 5 stars \n \n 1. Adaptability\n\nHow easily a cat deals with change.\n\n5 stars\n\n 2. Affection Level\n\nAmount of warmth or friendliness displayed.\n\n5 stars\n\n 3. Child Friendly\n\nCats that tend to be more playful and easygoing around children and are more\ntolerant of children's behavior.\n\n4 stars\n\n 4. Dog Friendly\n\nTendency to enjoy or tolerate dogs.\n\n5 stars\n\n 5. Energy Level\n\nLevel of activity often exhibited.\n\n3 stars\n\n 6. Grooming\n\nAmount of bathing, brushing, even professional grooming needed.\n\n1 star\n\n 7. Health Issues\n\nLevel of health issues a breed tends to have.\n\n3 stars\n\n 8. Intelligence\n\nA cat's thinking and problem-solving ability (not trainability).\n\n5 stars\n\n 9. Shedding Level\n\nLevel and frequency of cat hair shedding.\n\n3 stars\n\n 10. Social Needs\n\nPreferred amount of interaction with other pets and humans.\n\n4 stars\n\n 11. Stranger Friendly\n\nTendency to be welcoming to new people.\n\n4 stars\n\n * Overview\n * History\n * Personality\n * Health\n * Grooming\n * Finding\n\nOverview\n\n## Did You Know?\n\nThe Bombay looks like a small leopard but has an easygoing, pleasant\ndisposition.\n\nThe Bombay is an easygoing and tolerant cat who takes life as it comes. He\nenjoys greeting visitors and gets along well with children, dogs and other\ncats, although he will expect to be the one in charge. It’s not unusual for\nhim to learn to walk on a leash or to play active games such as fetch, but he\nalso has a reputation as a lap cat. The Bombay loves attention, so do not get\none if you don’t have the time or desire to interact with him frequently. He\nwill want to be involved in everything you do.\n\nBrush the Bombay weekly to keep his thick coat shiny and healthy. The only\nother grooming he needs is regular nail trimming and ear cleaning.\n\nThe Bombay is well suited to any home with people who will love him and care\nfor him. Keep him indoors to protect him from cars, diseases spread by other\ncats and attacks from other animals.\n\n## Other Quick Facts\n\n * When you look at a Bombay, you see a muscular, medium-size cat. If you were to pick him up, you would find that he is heftier than he looks.\n * To maintain the Bombay’s body type and coat texture, breeders may occasionally outcross to Burmese, one of the Bombay’s parent breeds. Outcrosses to American Shorthairs or domestic shorthairs are rarely done because the body type is not the same. The Bombay and Burmese differ in that the Bombay is slightly larger and has a longer body and longer legs.\n * While they reach sexual maturity early, sometimes at five months, Bombays may not complete their physical growth as far as size and muscle development until they are almost two years old.\n * The Bombay’s nickname is “the patent-leather kid with the new-penny eyes.”\n\nIf the video doesn't start playing momentarily, please install the latest\nversion of Flash.\n\n## All About Bombays\n\nNext: History ›\n\nHistory\n\n## The History of Bombays\n\nThe Bombay is one of several breeds created to look like a miniature version\nof a wild cat. In the Bombay’s case, he is the Mini-Me of the black panther\nand does quite a good impersonation indeed. To achieve him, breeders took two\ndifferent paths. In Britain, they crossed Burmese with black domestic cats. In\nthe United States, where the Bombay’s development in the 1950s is generally\ncredited to Nikki Horner of Louisville, Kentucky, the breed was created by\ncrossing sable Burmese with black American Shorthairs. The Bombay is\nrecognized by the Cat Fanciers Association, The International Cat Association,\nand other cat registries.\n\n‹ Previous: Overview\n\nNext: Personality ›\n\nPersonality\n\n## Bombay Temperament and Personality\n\nIt will be your good fortune if a Bombay crosses your path. This is a calm cat\nwho adapts well to any type of household, including one with dogs or children.\nOther cats, not so much, unless they are willing to bow to his authority as\ntop cat. He likes to be the center of attention and is endlessly curious.\n\nThe Bombay loves people, and some can be talkative. He is playful and can\nlearn to retrieve, do tricks and walk on a leash if you so desire, but he’s\nnot so active that he will wear you out with demands for play. He’s also easy\nto entertain. A paper sack or plastic water bottle will keep him occupied just\nas well as the most expensive toy. Expect to find him under the covers with\nyou at bedtime.\n\nThe Bombay is highly intelligent. Challenge his brain and keep him interested\nin life by teaching him tricks and providing him with puzzle toys that will\nreward him with kibble or treats when he learns how to manipulate them.\n\nAlways choose a kitten from a breeder who raises litters in the home and\nhandles them from an early age. Meet at least one and ideally both of the\nparents to ensure that they have nice temperaments.\n\n‹ Previous: History\n\nNext: Health ›\n\nHealth\n\n## What You Need to Know About Bombay Health\n\nAll cats have the potential to develop genetic health problems, just as all\npeople have the potential to inherit diseases. Any breeder who claims that her\nbreed has no health or genetic problems is either lying or is not\nknowledgeable about the breed. Run, don’t walk, from any breeder who does not\noffer a health guarantee on kittens, who tells you that the breed is 100\npercent healthy and has no known problems, or who tells you that her kittens\nare isolated from the main part of the household for health reasons.\n\nThe Bombay is generally healthy, but some of the problems that affect the\nbreed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy, excessive tearing of the eyes, and the\npossibility of breathing difficulties because of the cat’s short muzzle.\n\nHypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is the most common form of heart disease in\ncats. It causes thickening (hypertrophy) of the heart muscle. An\nechocardiogram can confirm whether a cat has HCM. Avoid breeders who claim to\nhave HCM-free lines. No one can guarantee that their cats will never develop\nHCM. Bombays that will be bred should be screened for HCM, and cats identified\nwith HCM should be removed from breeding programs. Do not buy a kitten whose\nparents have not been tested for this disease. It is always wise to buy from a\nbreeder who provides a written health guarantee.\n\nRemember that after you’ve taken a new kitten into your home, you have the\npower to protect him from one of the most common health problems: obesity.\nMore than many other cats, Bombays like to eat and can pack on the pounds if\nyou’re not careful. Keeping a Bombay at an appropriate weight is one of the\neasiest ways to protect his overall health. Make the most of your preventive\nabilities to help ensure a healthier cat for life.\n\n‹ Previous: Personality\n\nNext: Grooming ›\n\nGrooming\n\n## The Basics of Bombay Grooming\n\nThe Bombay has a short coat with hair that is shiny and fine and sheds little.\nThe coat is easy to groom with weekly brushing. Use a rubber curry brush;\nhe’ll love the massagelike feel as it goes over his coat.\n\nThe only other grooming the Bombay needs is regular nail trimming, usually\nweekly, and ear cleaning only if the ears look dirty. Use a gentle cleanser\nrecommended by your veterinarian. Brush the teeth frequently with a vet-\napproved pet toothpaste for good overall health and fresh breath. Start\nbrushing, nail trimming and teeth brushing early so your kitten becomes\naccepting of this activity.\n\n‹ Previous: Health\n\nNext: Finding ›\n\nFinding\n\n## Choosing a Bombay Breeder\n\nYou want your Bombay to be happy and healthy so you can enjoy your time with\nhim, so do your homework before you bring him home. For more information on\nthe history, personality and looks of the Bombay, or to find breeders, visit\nthe websites of the Cat Fanciers Association, Cats Center Stage, the Fanciers\nBreeder Referral List, and The International Cat Association.\n\nA reputable breeder will abide by a code of ethics that prohibits sales to pet\nstores and wholesalers and outlines the breeder’s responsibilities to their\ncats and to buyers. Choose a breeder who has performed the health\ncertifications necessary to screen out genetic health problems to the extent\nthat is possible, as well as one who raises kittens in the home. Kittens who\nare isolated can become fearful and skittish and may be difficult to socialize\nlater in life.\n\nLots of reputable breeders have websites, so how can you tell who’s good and\nwho’s not? Red flags include kittens always being available, multiple litters\non the premises, having your choice of any kitten, and the ability to pay\nonline with a credit card. Those things are convenient, but they are almost\nnever associated with reputable breeders.\n\nWhether you’re planning to get your feline friend from a breeder, a pet store,\nor another source, don’t forget that old adage “let the buyer beware”.\nDisreputable breeders and unhealthy catteries can be hard to distinguish from\nreliable operations. There’s no 100% guaranteed way to make sure you’ll never\npurchase a sick kitten, but researching the breed (so you know what to\nexpect), checking out the facility (to identify unhealthy conditions or sick\nanimals), and asking the right questions can reduce the chances of heading\ninto a disastrous situation. And don’t forget to ask your veterinarian, who\ncan often refer you to a reputable breeder, breed rescue organization, or\nother reliable source for healthy kittens.\n\nPut at least as much effort into researching your kitten as you would into\nchoosing a new car or expensive appliance. It will save you money in the long\nrun.\n\nBe patient. Depending on what you are looking for, you may have to wait six\nmonths or more for the right kitten to be available. Many breeders won't\nrelease kittens to new homes until they are between 12 and 16 weeks of age.\n\nBefore you buy a kitten, consider whether an adult Bombay might be a better\nchoice for your lifestyle. Kittens are loads of fun, but they’re also a lot of\nwork and can be destructive until they reach a somewhat more sedate adulthood.\nWith an adult, you know more about what you’re getting in terms of personality\nand health. If you are interested in acquiring an adult cat instead of a\nkitten, ask breeders about purchasing a retired show or breeding cat or if\nthey know of an adult cat who needs a new home.\n\n## Adopting a Cat from Bombay Rescue or a Shelter\n\nThe Bombay is an uncommon breed. It is unlikely that you will find one in a\nshelter or through a rescue group, but it doesn’t hurt to look. Sometimes\npedigreed cats end up at the shelter after losing their home to an owner’s\ndeath, divorce or change in economic situation. Check the listings on\nPetfinder, Adopt-a-Pet.com or the Fanciers Breeder Referral List, and ask\nbreeders if they know of a Bombay who is in need of a new home.\n\nWherever you acquire your Bombay, make sure you have a good contract with the\nseller, shelter or rescue group that spells out responsibilities on both\nsides. In states with “pet lemon laws,” be sure you and the person you get the\ncat from both understand your rights and recourses.\n\nKitten or adult, take your Bombay to your veterinarian soon after adoption.\nYour veterinarian will be able to spot problems, and will work with you to set\nup a preventive regimen that will help you avoid many health issues.\n\n‹ Previous: Grooming\n\n## Join the Conversation\n\nLike this article? Have a point of view to share? 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},
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"original_url": "http://www.hillspet.com:80/en/us/cat-breeds/bombay",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171005013225/http://www.hillspet.com:80/en/us/cat-breeds/bombay",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bombay Cat Breed - Facts and Personality Traits",
"passages": [
"An active, curious cat, the Bombay loves watching the world around her and can be so affectionate that she demands time with her parent.",
"This breed is stocky and somewhat compact, but is very muscular with heavy boning. The Bombay is round all over. The head is round, the tips of the ears are round, the eyes, chin and even the feet are round.",
"The coat of the Bombay is short and glossy. When the coat is in proper condition, its deep black luster looks like patent leather.",
"The Bombay has a characteristic walk. Her body appears almost to sway when she walks. Again, this walk is reminiscent of the Indian black leopard.",
"Younger Bombays are active, curious cats and adapt very easily to change. At any age, they love to look at the world around them and their favorite place may often turn out to be a window where they can observe the world outside. These cats are very affectionate and will, at times, demand time with their parents.",
"The Bombay is well known for jumping on a person's lap and spreading her beautiful body across the newspaper the person is reading. However, as they get older, some Bombays can tend to become a bit too placid, preferring to watch rather than get involved in activities.",
"The Bombay is a very solid cat both in looks and in feel, and has great strength. She is a good climber and jumper and should have cat trees and perches. The Bombay is a sturdy, stocky cat and you might have to watch her nutrition carefully to prevent obesity, particularly if she does not get enough exercise.",
"While adult Bombays are placid, they also tend to be very kittenish and love their daily play time. They love being adored by their parent and having their stomach rubbed and being petted. A daily petting session is a must for any Bombay.",
"In the late 1950s, American breeders desired a cat that had the structure and appearance of the Burmese but wanted the cat to be a deep, glossy, patent leather black. Hopefully, this breed would remind one of the Indian Black Leopard. To this end, a breeding program began using the Burmese and a black American Shorthair with bright, copper eyes. The resulting cat was named the Bombay to remind people of the Black Leopard, which she actually does resemble.",
"The Bombay was recognized for the show bench in the late 1970s. While still not common, Bombays are crowd pleasers at every show where they are exhibited.",
"© 2017 Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. ®/TM Trademarks owned by Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. As used herein, ® denotes registered trademark status in the U.S. only; registration status in other geographies may be different. Your use of this site is subject to the terms of our Legal Statement."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bombay Cat Breed - Facts and Personality Traits | Hill's Pet\n\n * Prescription Diet®\n * Science Diet®\n * Ideal BalanceTM\n\n * Where to Buy\n * Sign Up & Save\n * Log In\n\n * MENU\n\n#### Please select your preferred country and language:\n\n * North America\n * Latin America\n * Europe\n * Africa/Asia/Australia\n\n * United States\n * Canada (English)\n * Canada (Français)\n\n * Argentina\n * Belize\n * Bolivia\n * Brazil | Brasil\n * Chile\n * Colombia\n * Costa Rica\n * Dominica\n * Ecuador\n\n * French Guiana | Guyane\n * Guatemala\n * Guyana\n * Haiti\n * Honduras\n * México\n * Nicaragua\n * Panamá\n * Paraguay\n\n * Perú\n * Pitcairn\n * Puerto Rico (English)\n * Puerto Rico (Español)\n * Dominican Republic | República Dominicana\n * Suriname\n * El Salvador\n * Uruguay\n * Venezuela\n\n * Austria | Österreich\n * Belarus | Беларусь\n * Belgium | België\n * Belgium | Belgique\n * Bulgaria | България\n * Croatia | Hrvatska\n * Czech Republic | Česká Republika\n * Denmark | Danmark\n * Germany | Deutschland\n * Spain | España\n * Estonia | Eesti\n * Finland | Suomi\n\n * France - Français\n * Georgia | Грузия\n * Greece | Ελλάδα\n * Netherlands | Nederland\n * Hungary | Magyarország\n * Ireland - English\n * Italy | Italia\n * Latvia | Latvija\n * Lithuania | Lietuva\n * Norway | Norge\n * Poland | Polska\n * Romania | România\n\n * Russia | Россия\n * Serbia | Srbija\n * Slovakia | Slovensko\n * Slovenia | Slovenija\n * Sweden | Sverige\n * Switzerland | Suisse\n * Switzerland | Schweiz\n * Switzerland | Svizzera\n * Turkey | Türkiye\n * Ukraine | Україна\n * U.K. - English\n\n * Australia\n * Hong Kong | 香港\n * Hong Kong (English)\n * Japan | 日本\n * Malaysia\n * New Zealand\n * South Africa\n * Taiwan | 臺灣/台灣\n * Republic of Korea | 대한민국\n * Republic of Singapore\n * Indonesia\n * Thailand | ไทย\n\n# Bombay Cat Information and Personality Traits\n\nPet Care Center\n\nAn active, curious cat, the Bombay loves watching the world around her and can\nbe so affectionate that she demands time with her parent.\n\nBombay At a glance\n\nThe Bombay’s characteristic walk has the appearance of a sway, resembling the\nIndian black leopard.\n\n## Weight range:\n\nMale: large: >12 lbs. Female: medium: 8-12 lbs.\n\n## Eye color:\n\nCopper, Gold\n\n## Expectations:\n\nLongevity Range: 9-13 yrs. Social/Attention Needs: Moderate Tendency to Shed:\nLow\n\n## Coat:\n\nLength: Short Characteristics: Smooth Colors: Black Less Allergenic: No\nOverall Grooming Needs: Low\n\n## Club recognition:\n\nCat Association Recognition: CFA, ACFA , TICA Prevalence: Rare\n\nThe Bombay is a medium-sized cat. When you pick her up, she feels considerably\nheavier than she appears.\n\nThis breed is stocky and somewhat compact, but is very muscular with heavy\nboning. The Bombay is round all over. The head is round, the tips of the ears\nare round, the eyes, chin and even the feet are round.\n\nThe coat of the Bombay is short and glossy. When the coat is in proper\ncondition, its deep black luster looks like patent leather.\n\nThe Bombay has a characteristic walk. Her body appears almost to sway when she\nwalks. Again, this walk is reminiscent of the Indian black leopard.\n\n### Personality:\n\nYounger Bombays are active, curious cats and adapt very easily to change. At\nany age, they love to look at the world around them and their favorite place\nmay often turn out to be a window where they can observe the world outside.\nThese cats are very affectionate and will, at times, demand time with their\nparents.\n\nThe Bombay is well known for jumping on a person's lap and spreading her\nbeautiful body across the newspaper the person is reading. However, as they\nget older, some Bombays can tend to become a bit too placid, preferring to\nwatch rather than get involved in activities.\n\n### Living With:\n\nThe Bombay is a very solid cat both in looks and in feel, and has great\nstrength. She is a good climber and jumper and should have cat trees and\nperches. The Bombay is a sturdy, stocky cat and you might have to watch her\nnutrition carefully to prevent obesity, particularly if she does not get\nenough exercise.\n\nWhile adult Bombays are placid, they also tend to be very kittenish and love\ntheir daily play time. They love being adored by their parent and having their\nstomach rubbed and being petted. A daily petting session is a must for any\nBombay.\n\n### History:\n\nIn the late 1950s, American breeders desired a cat that had the structure and\nappearance of the Burmese but wanted the cat to be a deep, glossy, patent\nleather black. Hopefully, this breed would remind one of the Indian Black\nLeopard. To this end, a breeding program began using the Burmese and a black\nAmerican Shorthair with bright, copper eyes. The resulting cat was named the\nBombay to remind people of the Black Leopard, which she actually does\nresemble.\n\nThe Bombay was recognized for the show bench in the late 1970s. While still\nnot common, Bombays are crowd pleasers at every show where they are exhibited.\n\n### Related Pet Care Articles\n\nSiamese Cat Information and Personality Traits\n\nHimalayan Cat Information and Personality Traits\n\nAmerican Shorthair Cat Information and Personality Traits\n\nPersian Cat Information and Personality Traits\n\nAmerican Curl Cat Information and Personality Traits\n\nBalinese Cat Information and Personality Traits\n\n### Related Products\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Youthful Vitality Adult 7+ Tuna & Vegetable Stew Cat Food - canned\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Youthful Vitality Adult 7+ Salmon & Vegetable Stew Cat Food - canned\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Youthful Vitality Adult 7+ Chicken & Vegetable Stew Cat Food - canned\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Youthful Vitality Adult 7+ Chicken & Vegetable Entrée Cat Food - canned\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Youthful Vitality Adult 7+ Chicken & Rice Recipe Cat Food - dry\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Sensitive Stomach & Skin Tuna & Vegetable Entrée Cat Food - canned\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Sensitive Stomach & Skin Chicken & Vegetable Entrée Cat Food - canned\n\n * ### Adult 11+ Indoor Age Defying - dry\n\n * ### Adult 11+ Healthy Cuisine Seared Tuna & Carrot Medley - canned\n\n * ### Adult 11+ Age Defying - dry\n\n * ### Hill’s® Science Diet® Adult 7+ Savory Turkey Entrée Cat Food - canned\n\n * ### Adult 7+ Indoor - Dry\n\n * ### Adult 7+ Hairball Control - dry\n\n * ### Adult 7+ Active Longevity - Dry\n\n * ### Hill's® Science Diet® Adult 7+ Tender Tuna Dinner Cat Food - canned\n\nRegister | Sign In\n\n###### About Hill's^®\n\n * Shelter Partners\n * Pet Care Center\n * Careers\n * Media Kit\n * Contact Us\n\n###### Hill's^® Prescription Diet^®\n\n * Prescription Diet^® Cat Food\n * Prescription Diet^® Dog Food\n * Products\n\n###### Hill's^® Science Diet^®\n\n * Science Diet^® Cat Food\n * Science Diet^® Dog Food\n * Products\n\n###### Hill's^® Ideal Balance^TM\n\n * Ideal Balance^TM Cat Food\n * Ideal Balance^TM Dog Food\n * Products\n\n * Veterinary Professionals - HillsVet.com\n * Site Map\n * Legal and Privacy Policy\n\n© 2017 Hill's Pet Nutrition, Inc. ®/TM Trademarks owned by Hill's Pet\nNutrition, Inc. As used herein, ® denotes registered trademark status in the\nU.S. only; registration status in other geographies may be different. Your use\nof this site is subject to the terms of our Legal Statement.\n\n## Thank you for visiting\n\nTo log out and end your session, click \"OK\"\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://cfa.org:80/Breeds/BreedsAB/Bombay.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200207083800/http://cfa.org:80/Breeds/BreedsAB/Bombay.aspx",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Breed Profile: The Bombay",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Breed Profile: The Bombay\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://cattime.com/cat-breeds/bombay-cats",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211105212954/https://cattime.com/cat-breeds/bombay-cats",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bombay Cat Breed Information, Pictures, Characteristics & Facts",
"passages": [
"The Bombay is a smart cat who loves to play and will thrive with a family who is willing to teach tricks, play games, and provide plenty of interactive toys.",
"Some cat breeds are typically independent and aloof, even if they've been raised by the same person since kittenhood; others bond closely to one person and are indifferent to everyone else; and some shower the whole family with affection. Breed isn't the only factor that goes into affection levels; cats who were raised inside a home with people around feel more comfortable with humans and bond more easily.See Cats Less Affectionate with Family",
"If you're going to share your home with a cat, you'll need to deal with some level of cat hair on your clothes and in your house. However, shedding does vary among the breeds. If you're a neatnik, you'll need to either pick a low- shedding breed or relax your standards. This furniture cover can make it easier to clean up cat hair and keep it off your sofa!",
"Due to poor breeding practices, some breeds are prone to certain genetic health problems. This doesn't mean that every cat of that breed will develop those diseases; it just means that they're at an increased risk. If you're looking only for purebred cats or kittens, it's a good idea to find out which genetic illnesses are common to the breed you're interested in.See Cats Prone to Health Problems",
"Some cats are perpetual kittens—full of energy and mischief—while others are more serious and sedate. Although a playful kitten sounds endearing, consider how many games of chase the mouse-toy you want to play each day, and whether you have kids or other animals who can stand in as playmates. A classic wand cat toy like this one is perfect for playful felines!",
"Some breeds sound off more often than others with meows, yowls, and chattering. When choosing a breed, think about how the cat vocalizes and how often. If constant \"conversation\" drives you crazy, consider a kitty less likely to chat.See Cats with Lower Tendency to Vocalize",
"Being tolerant of children, sturdy enough to handle the heavy-handed pets and hugs they can dish out, and having a nonchalant attitude toward running, screaming youngsters are all traits that make a kid-friendly cat. Our ratings are generalizations, and they're not a guarantee of how any breed or individual cat will behave; cats from any breed can be good with children based on their past experiences and personality.See Least Kid Friendly Cats",
"Stranger-friendly cats will greet guests with a curious glance or a playful approach; others are shy or indifferent, perhaps even hiding under furniture or skedaddling to another room. However, no matter what the breed, a cat who was exposed to lots of different types, ages, sizes, and shapes of people as a kitten will respond better to strangers as an adult.",
"Some breeds require very little in the way of grooming; others require regular brushing to stay clean and healthy. Consider whether you have the time and patience for a cat who needs daily brushing. You should definitely pick up this awesome de-shedding tool for cats of any hair length!",
"Some cat breeds are reputed to be smarter than others. But all cats, if deprived the mental stimulation they need, will make their own busy work. Interactive cat toys are a good way to give a cat a brain workout and keep them out of mischief. This scratcher cat toy can keep your smart kitty busy even when you're not home!",
"Friendliness toward other household animals and friendliness toward humans are two completely different things. Some cats are more likely than others to be accepting of other pets in the home.",
"Cat breeders are an experimental lot, creating distinctive new breeds either by building on natural genetic mutations or by crossing breeds to achieve a new look, color or pattern. The Bombay, named for the exotic port city of India, has no connection with the subcontinent but was created from crosses between sable Burmese and black American Shorthairs to resemble a black panther in miniature.",
"Breeder Nikki Horner of Louisville, Kentucky, is credited with developing the Bombay, starting in the late 1950s. Her goal was a sleek, shiny black cat with a muscular body and friendly temperament. British breeders achieved the same look and personality with crosses of Burmese and black domestic shorthairs.",
"The Cat Fanciers Association gave the Bombay full recognition in 1978. Today the breed is recognized by all cat associations. To maintain their body type and coat texture, Bombays may be outcrossed to sable Burmese. The CFA also permits outcrosses to black American Shorthairs, but this is rarely done because of differences in body type.",
"The lively and affectionate Bombay loves people and is adaptable to many different environments and lifestyles. His calm nature makes him a good apartment dweller, and he is amenable to life with other pets, although he definitely wants to be top cat.",
"Expect to find the Bombay hogging the warmest spot in the house. That includes under the covers at bedtime. Most will converse with their people in a distinctive but not loud voice.",
"Bombays are often good at playing fetch, and some have learned to walk on leash. This is a smart cat who loves to play and will thrive with a family who is willing to teach him tricks, play games with him and provide him with plenty of interactive toys.",
"Both pedigreed cats and mixed-breed cats have varying incidences of health problems that may be genetic in nature. Bombays are generally healthy, although one of the genetic diseases seen in Burmese has also been seen in Bombays: craniofacial defect.",
"Sometimes called Burmese head defect, the craniofacial abnormality is occasionally seen in newborn kittens, which may have severely deformed heads. Those kittens are euthanized, so people who are buying Bombay kittens will not encounter the problem, but breeders should research pedigrees carefully to make sure they don’t breed cats who carry the gene for the defect.",
"The Bombay’s short, sleek coat is easily cared for with a few strokes of the hand or at most weekly brushing or rubdown with a chamois to remove dead hair, distribute skin oil and polish the coat to its gleaming best. A bath is rarely necessary.",
"Brush the teeth to prevent periodontal disease. Daily dental hygiene is best, but weekly brushing is better than nothing. Wipe the corners of the eyes with a soft, damp cloth to remove any discharge. Use a separate area of the cloth for each eye so you don’t run the risk of spreading any infection. Check the ears weekly. If they look dirty, wipe them out with a cotton ball or soft damp cloth moistened with a 50-50 mixture of cider vinegar and warm water. Avoid using cotton swabs, which can damage the interior of the ear.",
"Plan to spay or neuter your Bombay at 6 to 9 months of age. It is not unheard of for Bombays to reach sexual maturity as early as 5 months of age.",
"It’s a good idea to keep a Bombay as an indoor-only cat to protect him from diseases spread by other cats, attacks by dogs or coyotes, and the other dangers that face cats who go outdoors, such as being hit by a car. Bombays who go outdoors also run the risk of being stolen by someone who would like to have such a beautiful cat without paying for it.",
"Except for his dramatic black coat, the Bombay looks much like the Burmese, but with a few physical differences such as a larger, longer body and longer legs. He has a rounded head with medium-size ears set wide apart, eyes that range in color from gold to copper, and a straight, medium-length tail. The short, fine coat feels satiny to the touch and shines like patent leather.",
"Although the gene for the black coat is dominant, a sable-colored kitten is sometimes born in a Bombay litter. Some associations permit these kittens to be registered as Burmese.",
"The Bombay is a medium-size cat; when lifted, he feels heftier than he looks. The breed develops slowly and males may not reach full size and musculature until they are 2 years old.",
"The outgoing Bombay is a perfect choice for families with children and cat- friendly dogs. He loves the attention he receives from children who treat him politely and with respect. He lives peacefully with cats and dogs who respect his authority. Always introduce pets slowly and in controlled circumstances to ensure that they learn to get along together.",
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]
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"parsed_md": "Bombay Cat Breed Information, Pictures, Characteristics & Facts\n\n### Logo – Original\n\n * Adopt a Cat\n * Cat Breeds\n * Cat Names\n\n * Cat Names By Breed\n * Cat Names By Color\n * Cat Names By Theme\n * Male Cat Names\n * Female Cat Names\n * Popular Cat Names\n * Cat Facts\n\n * Kittens\n * Health\n * Lifestyle\n * Grooming\n * How To\n * Advocacy\n * Trending\n * Reviews\n * Cat Videos\n * Best Products\n * Shop\n\n * Adopt a Cat\n * Cat Breeds\n * Cat Names\n\n * Cat Names By Breed\n * Cat Names By Color\n * Cat Names By Theme\n * Male Cat Names\n * Female Cat Names\n * Popular Cat Names\n * Cat Facts\n\n * Kittens\n * Health\n * Lifestyle\n * Grooming\n * How To\n * Advocacy\n * Trending\n * Reviews\n * Cat Videos\n * Best Products\n * Shop\n\n### More From Our Channels\n\n * Facebook Cattime\n * Pinterest Cattime\n\n# Bombay\n\nThe Bombay is a smart cat who loves to play and will thrive with a family who\nis willing to teach tricks, play games, and provide plenty of interactive\ntoys.\n\nSee all Bombay characteristics below!\n\n## Bombay Cat Breed Pictures\n\nBombay Cat Breed Information, Pictures, Characteristics & Facts\n\nInitiate Gallery\n\nAdditional articles you will be interested in:\n\n * Best Cat Names\n * Kittens & What To Expect\n * Brain Games For Your Cat\n * Indoor Exercise For Cats\n * Cat Toys\n * Cat Carriers\n * Choosing A Veterinarian\n * Cat Food And Nutrition\n\n## Breed Characteristics:\n\nAffectionate with Family\n\n4\n\nSome cat breeds are typically independent and aloof, even if they've been\nraised by the same person since kittenhood; others bond closely to one person\nand are indifferent to everyone else; and some shower the whole family with\naffection. Breed isn't the only factor that goes into affection levels; cats\nwho were raised inside a home with people around feel more comfortable with\nhumans and bond more easily.See Cats Less Affectionate with Family\n\nAmount of Shedding\n\n2\n\nIf you're going to share your home with a cat, you'll need to deal with some\nlevel of cat hair on your clothes and in your house. However, shedding does\nvary among the breeds. If you're a neatnik, you'll need to either pick a low-\nshedding breed or relax your standards. This furniture cover can make it\neasier to clean up cat hair and keep it off your sofa!\n\n * See Cats with Low Amount of Shedding\n\nGeneral Health\n\n4\n\nDue to poor breeding practices, some breeds are prone to certain genetic\nhealth problems. This doesn't mean that every cat of that breed will develop\nthose diseases; it just means that they're at an increased risk. If you're\nlooking only for purebred cats or kittens, it's a good idea to find out which\ngenetic illnesses are common to the breed you're interested in.See Cats Prone\nto Health Problems\n\nPotential for Playfulness\n\n4\n\nSome cats are perpetual kittens—full of energy and mischief—while others are\nmore serious and sedate. Although a playful kitten sounds endearing, consider\nhow many games of chase the mouse-toy you want to play each day, and whether\nyou have kids or other animals who can stand in as playmates. A classic wand\ncat toy like this one is perfect for playful felines!\n\n * See Cats with Low Potential for Playfulness\n\nTendency to Vocalize\n\n3\n\nSome breeds sound off more often than others with meows, yowls, and\nchattering. When choosing a breed, think about how the cat vocalizes and how\noften. If constant \"conversation\" drives you crazy, consider a kitty less\nlikely to chat.See Cats with Lower Tendency to Vocalize\n\nKid-Friendly\n\n4\n\nBeing tolerant of children, sturdy enough to handle the heavy-handed pets and\nhugs they can dish out, and having a nonchalant attitude toward running,\nscreaming youngsters are all traits that make a kid-friendly cat. Our ratings\nare generalizations, and they're not a guarantee of how any breed or\nindividual cat will behave; cats from any breed can be good with children\nbased on their past experiences and personality.See Least Kid Friendly Cats\n\nFriendly Toward Strangers\n\n4\n\nStranger-friendly cats will greet guests with a curious glance or a playful\napproach; others are shy or indifferent, perhaps even hiding under furniture\nor skedaddling to another room. However, no matter what the breed, a cat who\nwas exposed to lots of different types, ages, sizes, and shapes of people as a\nkitten will respond better to strangers as an adult.\n\n * See Cats Shy Toward Strangers\n\nClick here for more information on this characteristic\n\nEasy to Groom\n\n4\n\nSome breeds require very little in the way of grooming; others require regular\nbrushing to stay clean and healthy. Consider whether you have the time and\npatience for a cat who needs daily brushing. You should definitely pick up\nthis awesome de-shedding tool for cats of any hair length!\n\n * See Cats That Need to Groom\n\nIntelligence\n\n4\n\nSome cat breeds are reputed to be smarter than others. But all cats, if\ndeprived the mental stimulation they need, will make their own busy work.\nInteractive cat toys are a good way to give a cat a brain workout and keep\nthem out of mischief. This scratcher cat toy can keep your smart kitty busy\neven when you're not home!\n\n * See Cats with Less Intelligence\n\nPet Friendly\n\n4\n\nFriendliness toward other household animals and friendliness toward humans are\ntwo completely different things. Some cats are more likely than others to be\naccepting of other pets in the home.\n\n * See Least Pet Friendly Cats\n\n## Vital Stats:\n\nLife Span:\n\n12 to 20 years\n\nLength:\n\n13 to 20 inches\n\nWeight:\n\n8 to 15 pounds\n\nOrigin:\n\nKentucky, USA\n\n## More About This Breed\n\n * ### History\n\nCat breeders are an experimental lot, creating distinctive new breeds either\nby building on natural genetic mutations or by crossing breeds to achieve a\nnew look, color or pattern. The Bombay, named for the exotic port city of\nIndia, has no connection with the subcontinent but was created from crosses\nbetween sable Burmese and black American Shorthairs to resemble a black\npanther in miniature.\n\nBreeder Nikki Horner of Louisville, Kentucky, is credited with developing the\nBombay, starting in the late 1950s. Her goal was a sleek, shiny black cat with\na muscular body and friendly temperament. British breeders achieved the same\nlook and personality with crosses of Burmese and black domestic shorthairs.\n\nThe Cat Fanciers Association gave the Bombay full recognition in 1978. Today\nthe breed is recognized by all cat associations. To maintain their body type\nand coat texture, Bombays may be outcrossed to sable Burmese. The CFA also\npermits outcrosses to black American Shorthairs, but this is rarely done\nbecause of differences in body type.\n\n * ### Size\n\nThe Bombay typically weighs between 8 and 15 pounds. Males are generally\nlarger than females.\n\n * ### Personality\n\nThe lively and affectionate Bombay loves people and is adaptable to many\ndifferent environments and lifestyles. His calm nature makes him a good\napartment dweller, and he is amenable to life with other pets, although he\ndefinitely wants to be top cat.\n\nExpect to find the Bombay hogging the warmest spot in the house. That includes\nunder the covers at bedtime. Most will converse with their people in a\ndistinctive but not loud voice.\n\nBombays are often good at playing fetch, and some have learned to walk on\nleash. This is a smart cat who loves to play and will thrive with a family who\nis willing to teach him tricks, play games with him and provide him with\nplenty of interactive toys.\n\n * ### Health\n\nBoth pedigreed cats and mixed-breed cats have varying incidences of health\nproblems that may be genetic in nature. Bombays are generally healthy,\nalthough one of the genetic diseases seen in Burmese has also been seen in\nBombays: craniofacial defect.\n\nSometimes called Burmese head defect, the craniofacial abnormality is\noccasionally seen in newborn kittens, which may have severely deformed heads.\nThose kittens are euthanized, so people who are buying Bombay kittens will not\nencounter the problem, but breeders should research pedigrees carefully to\nmake sure they don’t breed cats who carry the gene for the defect.\n\n * ### Care\n\nThe Bombay’s short, sleek coat is easily cared for with a few strokes of the\nhand or at most weekly brushing or rubdown with a chamois to remove dead hair,\ndistribute skin oil and polish the coat to its gleaming best. A bath is rarely\nnecessary.\n\nBrush the teeth to prevent periodontal disease. Daily dental hygiene is best,\nbut weekly brushing is better than nothing. Wipe the corners of the eyes with\na soft, damp cloth to remove any discharge. Use a separate area of the cloth\nfor each eye so you don’t run the risk of spreading any infection. Check the\nears weekly. If they look dirty, wipe them out with a cotton ball or soft damp\ncloth moistened with a 50-50 mixture of cider vinegar and warm water. Avoid\nusing cotton swabs, which can damage the interior of the ear.\n\nKeep the litter box spotlessly clean. Like all cats, Bombays are very\nparticular about bathroom hygiene.\n\nPlan to spay or neuter your Bombay at 6 to 9 months of age. It is not unheard\nof for Bombays to reach sexual maturity as early as 5 months of age.\n\nIt’s a good idea to keep a Bombay as an indoor-only cat to protect him from\ndiseases spread by other cats, attacks by dogs or coyotes, and the other\ndangers that face cats who go outdoors, such as being hit by a car. Bombays\nwho go outdoors also run the risk of being stolen by someone who would like to\nhave such a beautiful cat without paying for it.\n\n * ### Coat Color And Grooming\n\nExcept for his dramatic black coat, the Bombay looks much like the Burmese,\nbut with a few physical differences such as a larger, longer body and longer\nlegs. He has a rounded head with medium-size ears set wide apart, eyes that\nrange in color from gold to copper, and a straight, medium-length tail. The\nshort, fine coat feels satiny to the touch and shines like patent leather.\n\nAlthough the gene for the black coat is dominant, a sable-colored kitten is\nsometimes born in a Bombay litter. Some associations permit these kittens to\nbe registered as Burmese.\n\nThe Bombay is a medium-size cat; when lifted, he feels heftier than he looks.\nThe breed develops slowly and males may not reach full size and musculature\nuntil they are 2 years old.\n\n * ### Children And Other Pets\n\nThe outgoing Bombay is a perfect choice for families with children and cat-\nfriendly dogs. He loves the attention he receives from children who treat him\npolitely and with respect. He lives peacefully with cats and dogs who respect\nhis authority. Always introduce pets slowly and in controlled circumstances to\nensure that they learn to get along together.\n\n * ### Rescue Groups\n\n * Purebred Cats rescue\n\nSHARE\n\nTWEET\n\n## CatTime Breed Finder\n\n * Abyssinian\n * Aegean\n * American Bobtail\n * American Curl\n * American Shorthair\n * American Wirehair\n * Aphrodite Giant\n * Arabian Mau\n * Asian\n * Australian Mist\n * Balinese\n * Bambino\n * Bengal Cats\n * Birman\n * Bombay\n * Brazilian Shorthair\n * British Longhair\n * British Shorthair\n * Burmese\n * Burmilla\n * California Spangled\n * Chantilly-Tiffany\n * Chartreux\n * Chausie\n * Chinese Li Hua\n * Colorpoint Shorthair\n * Cornish Rex\n * Cymric\n * Cyprus\n * Desert Lynx\n * Devon Rex\n * Donskoy\n * Egyptian Mau\n * European Burmese\n * European Shorthair\n * Exotic\n * Foldex\n * German Rex\n * Havana Brown\n * Highlander\n * Himalayan\n * Japanese Bobtail\n * Javanese\n * Khao Manee\n * Korat\n * Kurilian Bobtail\n * LaPerm\n * Lykoi\n * Maine Coon\n * Manx\n * Mekong Bobtail\n * Napoleon\n * Nebelung\n * Norwegian Forest\n * Ocicat\n * Oriental\n * Oriental Bicolor\n * Persian\n * Peterbald\n * Pixie-Bob\n * Ragamuffin\n * Ragdoll Cats\n * Russian Blue\n * Savannah\n * Scottish Fold\n * Selkirk Rex\n * Serengeti\n * Siamese Cat\n * Siberian\n * Singapura\n * Snowshoe\n * Sokoke\n * Somali\n * Sphynx\n * Thai\n * Thai Lilac\n * Tonkinese\n * Toyger\n * Turkish Angora\n * Turkish Van\n * Ukrainian Levkoy\n * York Chocolate\n\nCattime\n\n * Facebook Cattime\n * Pinterest Cattime\n\n##### Resources\n\n * About Us\n * Contact us\n * Advertising\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n\nEvolve Media LLC\n\nCattime is a property of Evolve Media Holdings, LLC. © 2021 All Rights\nReserved. | Affiliate Disclosure: Evolve Media Holdings, LLC, and its owned\nand operated subsidiaries may receive a small commission from the proceeds of\nany product(s) sold through affiliate and direct partner links.\n\nMonitoring string\n\nmonitoring_string = \"44e5bb901650ec61e9e0af1ff1bef5fe\"\n\nNielsen\n\n"
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994,636 | How To Lance and Drain a Blister | If your blister is painful and larger than .8 inches in diameter, you can lance and drain it. However, first, make sure you wash your hands, and then use a disinfectant like rubbing alcohol on the blister and a sharp needle. Once the disinfectant has dried, insert the needle at the edge of the blister parallel to the skin without piercing deep enough to injure the tissue underneath. Only make 2 to 4 lance holes around the edge and make sure not to pierce too deep. As the blister drains, massage it to ensure all the fluid gets out. Finally, wipe the area with a paper towel, apply an antibacterial ointment, and dress the wound with a bandage. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200814074414/https://www.marshfieldclinic.org/sports-wrap/treating-foot-blisters",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190323154622/https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/blisters",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921065844/https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/symptoms/blisters/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171106071303/http://www.uofmhealth.org:80/health-library/tm6291",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190711041816/https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-blisters/basics/art-20056691",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190506130333/https://www.cdc.gov/Features/handwashing/"
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"original_url": "https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/blisters",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190323154622/https://www.betterhealth.vic.gov.au/health/conditionsandtreatments/blisters",
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"original_url": "https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/symptoms/blisters/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200921065844/https://www.childrenscolorado.org/conditions-and-advice/conditions-and-symptoms/symptoms/blisters/",
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"title": "Children's Hospital Colorado",
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"Normal life looks a lot different these days, especially in healthcare. But there is one thing that hasn’t changed at Children’s Colorado: Your child’s health and safety are our highest priority. Kids need great pediatric care as much now as ever, and it’s for that reason that we’re reactivating services we temporarily suspended due to the pandemic. We are here to deliver safe, thoughtful, high-quality care for kids who need it. Learn what to expect – and all the ways we’re keeping patients safe.",
"For ongoing updates, a list of open locations and how to get care virtually or in person, please see our coronavirus resources for parents and resources for healthcare professionals. For questions about visiting our locations, such as face covering requirements, inpatient visitation and outpatient appointments, please see our visitation policies.",
"If you're concerned that you or your child may have been exposed to COVID-19, please do NOT visit an emergency or urgent care location. Instead, call your doctor or our free ParentSmart Healthline at 720-777-0123 for guidance.",
"In life-threatening emergencies, find the emergency room location nearest you. For non-life-threatening medical needs when your pediatrician is unavailable, visit one of our urgent care locations.",
"To help inform you about the latest coronavirus (COVID-19) updates, experts from Children's Colorado have gathered information from local and national health authorities.",
"If you believe your child needs immediate attention and you have concerns for a life-threatening emergency, call 911. Not sure what counts as urgent and what's an emergency when your child is sick or injured? When it can't wait, know where to take your kids.",
"Blood Blister: Raised pocket of bloody fluid, covered by skin. Dark red or purple in color. A blood blister can occur when the skin gets pinched (in a hinge or a closing door).",
"Cause. A friction blister is the result of forces on the skin. Shear forces separate the top layer of the skin from the lower layer. This forms a cushion (blister) of fluid over the spot of friction or pressure.",
"Hand Friction Blisters. Hand blisters are often due to friction from using a tool too much. Examples are a shovel, pick, or rake. They can also be caused by sports equipment. Examples are a tennis racquet or boat oars. Gymnastics equipment (such as high bars) may also cause hand blisters.",
"Foot Friction Blisters. Foot blisters are likely due to friction from an activity. Examples are hiking or running. Usually, a child has new shoes or poorly-fitting shoes. Children starting a new sport may develop blisters. Also, a risk factor to forming blisters is recently increasing the activity time.",
"Prevention. There are two general approaches to prevent friction blisters. These are toughening the skin and lowering the friction force.",
"Treatment. Painless or mildly painful small blisters can be treated at home. Use moleskin or tape that has a hole cut in the center. Larger or very painful blisters sometimes need to be drained. This can be done by making a small hole in the blister. Use a clean needle or pin. Let all the blister fluid drain out. Then the blister can be covered with antibiotic ointment and a dressing.",
"* A friction blister is a raised pocket of clear fluid, covered by skin.\n* Most blisters should not be opened. Reason: It increases the risk of infection.\n* However, large or severely painful blisters often need to be drained. This is done by poking a small hole in the blister with a needle. (See #4 below)\n* Here is some care advice that should help.\nProtect the Blister:",
"* Goal: Protect the blister from any more rubbing.\n* Surround it with a \"donut\" made from moleskin. Ask for this product at your drug store.\n* Using scissors, cut a moleskin piece to a shape larger than the blister.\n* Next cut a hole the size of the blister in the center. Do this by folding the moleskin in half and cut along the fold.\n* Remove the covering from the sticky side. Then, put the moleskin on with the blister in the center.\n* If the blister is taller than the moleskin, add one more layer of moleskin.\n* Hold the \"donut\" in place with a large strip of duct tape.\n* Other option. If you don't have moleskin, use a bandage (such as Band-Aid). Fold it and cut the center out to the size of the blister.\n* For foot blisters, also switch to shoes that don't rub the blister.\nPain Medicine:",
"* To help with the pain, give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).\n* Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).\n* Use as needed.\nSevere Pain - Drain the Blister:",
"* Draining a large blister can help make the pain go away.\n* Wash the skin with warm water and soap.\n* Clean a needle or straight pin with rubbing alcohol.\n* Gently press the fluid to one side of the blister to create a bulge.\n* Pass the needle sideways through the fluid making 2 puncture holes. Gently wiggle the needle to make the holes larger.\n* Remove the needle.\n* Press the fluid out through the holes.\n* Leave the roof of the blister in place to protect the raw skin underneath.\n* Use an antibiotic ointment (such as Polysporin). No prescription is needed. Put it on twice per day after cleansing.\n* Cover the drained blister with a bandage (such as Band-Aid).\nBroken Blister Treatment:",
"* If the blister breaks open, let it drain.\n* Leave the roof of the blister in place to protect the raw skin underneath.\n* If there are any loose flaps of skin, trim them with a fine scissors.\n* Wash it with warm water and soap.\n* Use an antibiotic ointment (such as Polysporin). No prescription is needed. Put it on twice a day.\n* Cover it with a bandage (such as Band-Aid).\nWhat to Expect:",
"* Most often, they dry up and peel off without any treatment.\n* This may take 1 to 2 weeks.\nCall Your Doctor If:",
"* Blister looks infected\n* Severe pain and you want your child's doctor to drain the blister\n* You think your child needs to be seen\n* Your child becomes worse\nTreatment of Normal Blood Blister",
"* A blood blister can happen when the skin gets pinched. Examples are a finger caught in a hinge or a closing door.\n* It forms a tiny pocket of bloody fluid covered by skin. It is dark red or purple in color.\n* A blood blister is not harmful.\n* No treatment is needed. You do not need to drain it.\n* It will slowly dry up and peel off over 1-2 weeks.\nPain Medicine:",
"* To help with the pain, give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).\n* Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).\n* Use as needed.\nCall Your Doctor If:",
"* Shoes. Buy shoes that fit. Do not wear shoes that are too tight or too loose. New hiking boots are often somewhat stiff. It is wise to first wear them around the house and on short walks. Wear them in before wearing them on a long hike.\n* Socks. Do not use cotton socks. They tend to stay damp when wearing. Instead use synthetic (acrylic) or wool socks. Some people prefer to wear two socks at a time. You can wear a thin inner liner ('wicking') sock and a thicker outer sock.\n* Lubricants. If your child often gets blisters at the same spot, use a lubricant. You can use petroleum jelly (such as Vaseline). Cover the area with a small amount of the lubricant before sports. This will help to reduce friction on the spot.\n* Callus. If blisters usually occur under a callus, file the callus down. Then, lubricate it. This way it won't add to the friction.\n* Taping Pressure Points. If a lubricant doesn't stop blisters, taping is the next step. Taping is a very good way to treat hot spots for friction blisters. Many hikers and runners use taping. Follow the instructions listed down below.\nPrevention - Taping:",
"* Option 1 - Moleskin\n* You can get moleskin at your drug store. It is a good way to stop friction blisters. Here are some instructions on how to use moleskin.\n* Using scissors, cut the moleskin to a shape slightly larger than the pressure point.\n* Remove the backing from the moleskin. Put it on the pressure point. Smooth it from the center outward so that there are no wrinkles.\n* Put on a clean and dry sock.\n* Option 2 - Taping with Duct Tape\n* Duct tape is available at your hardware store. It is also good at stopping friction blisters. Many hikers and runners use it. Here are some instructions on how to use duct tape.\n* Using scissors, cut out a piece of duct tape into a shape slightly larger than the pressure point.\n* Apply the piece of duct tape to the pressure point. Smooth it from the center outward so that there are no wrinkles.\n* Put on a clean and dry sock.\nPrevention - Toughening the Skin:",
"* This mainly applies to walkers, hikers, and runners.\n* Slowly add to the distance you hike or run over days to weeks. This will increase the toughness of the skin. It will lower the risk of blisters forming.\nCall Your Doctor If:",
"* Gloves. Wear heavy-duty work gloves when working with the hands. Also, use gloves when working with tools. Examples are shovels, picks, and rakes. Sports gloves can be used for rowing, paddling, weight lifting or cycling.\n* Lubricants. Lower friction at pressure points by covering them with a lubricant. You can use petroleum jelly (such as Vaseline).\nCall Your Doctor If:",
"Disclaimer: this health information is for educational purposes only. You, the reader, assume full responsibility for how you choose to use it.",
"We see more, treat more and heal more children than any hospital in our seven- state region. Learn about our mission and more, or search for opportunities to join our team.",
"When you give to Children's Colorado, you're helping us to reimagine children's health through patient care, education, research and advocacy.",
"Children's Hospital Colorado partners with NRC Health to gather star ratings and reviews from patients, residents and family survey data. This provider either practices in a department or specialty that we currently do not survey, or does not have at least 20 ratings in the last 12 months. Learn more about patient ratings and reviews.",
"Children’s Hospital Colorado providers are faculty members of the University of Colorado School of Medicine. Our specialists are nationally ranked and globally recognized for delivering the best possible care in pediatrics.",
"Some healthcare professionals listed on our website have medical privileges to practice at Children’s Hospital Colorado, but they are community providers. They schedule and bill separately for their services, and are not employees of the Hospital."
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"parsed_md": "Blister Treatment | Children's Hospital Colorado\n\n### Coronavirus Updates\n\nNormal life looks a lot different these days, especially in healthcare. But\nthere is one thing that hasn’t changed at Children’s Colorado: Your child’s\nhealth and safety are our highest priority. Kids need great pediatric care as\nmuch now as ever, and it’s for that reason that we’re reactivating services we\ntemporarily suspended due to the pandemic. We are here to deliver safe,\nthoughtful, high-quality care for kids who need it. Learn what to expect – and\nall the ways we’re keeping patients safe.\n\nFor ongoing updates, a list of open locations and how to get care virtually or\nin person, please see our coronavirus resources for parents and resources for\nhealthcare professionals. For questions about visiting our locations, such as\nface covering requirements, inpatient visitation and outpatient appointments,\nplease see our visitation policies.\n\n#### Contact Us\n\n * 1-800-624-6553\n * Send Email\n * Pay Your Bill\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * LinkedIn\n * Instagram\n\n##### Free ParentSmart Healthline^TM\n\nCaring pediatric nurses are available 24/7 to help answer your health\nquestions.\n\n720-777-0123\n\n##### Send Postal Mail To:\n\nChildren’s Hospital Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus 13123 East 16th Avenue\nAurora, CO 80045\n\nLooking for a different location?\n\n## All locations\n\nSee a listing of all our Children’s Hospital Colorado locations including\ninpatient, outpatient, therapy, surgery facilities and more.\n\n### Locations near you\n\nFind the closest location\n\nSee all locations\n\n## Emergency and urgent care locations\n\nIf you're concerned that you or your child may have been exposed to COVID-19,\nplease do NOT visit an emergency or urgent care location. Instead, call your\ndoctor or our free ParentSmart Healthline at 720-777-0123 for guidance.\n\nIn life-threatening emergencies, find the emergency room location nearest you.\nFor non-life-threatening medical needs when your pediatrician is unavailable,\nvisit one of our urgent care locations.\n\nHelp me decide\n\n### Emergency locations (24/7)\n\nFind the closest emergency location\n\nSee all emergency locations\n\n### Urgent care locations (hours vary)\n\nFind the closest urgent care location\n\nSee all urgent care locations\n\n * Healthcare Professionals\n * Coronavirus Updates\n * Search\n * Contact\n * Locations\n * MyChart\n * Schedule an Appointment\n\nContact\n\n * Doctors & Departments\n\n * Overview\n * Departments\n * Find a Doctor\n\nDoctors & Departments\n\n * Departments\n * Find a Doctor\n\n#### Find a Doctor\n\n#### Find a Department\n\nBy name\n\n * A\n * B\n * C\n * D\n * E\n * F\n * G\n * H\n * I\n * J\n * K\n * L\n * M\n * N\n * O\n * P\n * Q\n * R\n * S\n * T\n * U\n * V\n * W\n * X\n * Y\n * Z\n\n * Conditions & Advice\n\n * Overview\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19) Resources and Updates\n * Conditions and Symptoms\n * Is Your Child Sick\n * Parent Resources\n * The Connection Journey\n * Calm A Crying Baby\n * Sports Articles\n * Marijuana: What Parents Need To Know\n * Dosage Tables\n\nConditions & Advice\n\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19) Resources and Updates\n * Conditions and Symptoms\n * Is Your Child Sick\n * Parent Resources\n * The Connection Journey\n * Calm A Crying Baby\n * Sports Articles\n * Marijuana: What Parents Need To Know\n * Dosage Tables\n\n#### Find a Condition or Symptom\n\nView All\n\nCommon conditions and symptoms\n\n * Pneumonia\n * Asthma\n * Headaches\n\n### Get the most up-to-date COVID-19 information.\n\nTo help inform you about the latest coronavirus (COVID-19) updates, experts\nfrom Children's Colorado have gathered information from local and national\nhealth authorities.\n\nRead our resources and updates.\n\n * Your Visit\n\n * Overview\n * Prepare for Your Visit\n * Your Overnight Stay\n * Send a Cheer Card\n * Family and Patient Resources\n * Insurance and Financial Resources\n * Online Bill Pay\n * Medical Records\n * Policies and Procedures\n\nYour Visit\n\n * Prepare for Your Visit\n * Your Overnight Stay\n * Send a Cheer Card\n * Family and Patient Resources\n * Insurance and Financial Resources\n * Online Bill Pay\n * Medical Records\n * Policies and Procedures\n\n## Find locations by region\n\nSee all locations\n\nClick to find the locations nearest you\n\n## Denver metro\n\n## Southern Colorado\n\n## Virtual visit\n\n * Community\n\n * Overview\n * Calendar of Events\n * Community Health\n * Community Partners\n * Corporate Relations\n * Support Children’s Colorado\n * Global Health\n * Patient Advocacy\n * Patient Stories\n * Pediatric Affiliations\n * Policy Advocacy\n\nCommunity\n\n * Calendar of Events\n * Community Health\n * Community Partners\n * Corporate Relations\n * Support Children’s Colorado\n * Global Health\n * Patient Advocacy\n * Patient Stories\n * Pediatric Affiliations\n * Policy Advocacy\n\n#### Your Support Matters\n\nAll children should have a chance for a healthy future.\n\nDonate\n\nVolunteer\n\nGive Blood\n\n#### Upcoming Events\n\n##### 9th Annual Clinical Concepts and Conundrums in Pediatric Hospital\nMedicine\n\nFriday, September 25, 2020\n\nThis conference is designed for all health care professionals who...\n\nSee All Events\n\n * Research & Innovation\n\n * Overview\n * Articles and Trials\n * Discoveries and Milestones\n * Training and Internships\n * Academic Affiliation\n * Investigator Resources\n * Center For Innovation\n * Support Our Research\n * Research Areas\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n\nResearch & Innovation\n\n * Articles and Trials\n * Discoveries and Milestones\n * Training and Internships\n * Academic Affiliation\n * Investigator Resources\n * Center For Innovation\n * Support Our Research\n * Research Areas\n * Frequently Asked Questions\n\n * Healthcare Professionals\n\n * Contact\n * Locations\n * Search\n * MyChart\n * Schedule an Appointment\n\n * Conditions and Symptoms\n\n# Blisters\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Print\n\nEng Es\n\n#### Urgent or Emergency Care?\n\nIf you believe your child needs immediate attention and you have concerns for\na life-threatening emergency, call 911. Not sure what counts as urgent and\nwhat's an emergency when your child is sick or injured? When it can't wait,\nknow where to take your kids.\n\nHelp Me Decide\n\n * Raised pocket of fluid (usually clear) covered by skin\n * Friction Blister: Friction blisters usually occur on the palms, fingers, heels or toes.\n * Blood Blister: Raised pocket of bloody fluid, covered by skin. Dark red or purple in color. A blood blister can occur when the skin gets pinched (in a hinge or a closing door).\n * Blisters when the cause is unknown are also covered.\n\nCauses of Blisters\n\n * Friction Blisters. Friction is the most common cause of blisters.\n * Burns - Chemical (Second-degree)\n * Burns - Thermal (Second-degree)\n * Frostbite (Second-degree)\n * Hand-Foot-and-Mouth Disease. Viral rash from Coxsackie virus gives tiny blisters on palms and soles.\n * Impetigo. Staph bacteria can cause impetigo with blisters.\n * Insect Bites. In young children, insect bites (such as fleas) can cause small blisters.\n * Poison Ivy, Poison Oak, Poison Sumac\n * Sunburn (Second-degree)\n * Staph Scalded Skin Syndrome (Serious). SSSS is caused by the Staph bacteria. The main finding is widespread large blisters.\n\nFriction Blisters - Hands and Feet\n\n * Friction causes most blisters on the hands and feet.\n * A friction blister is a raised pocket of clear fluid covered by skin.\n * Cause. A friction blister is the result of forces on the skin. Shear forces separate the top layer of the skin from the lower layer. This forms a cushion (blister) of fluid over the spot of friction or pressure.\n * Common Sites. Fingers, palm, back of heel, top of toes, side of foot.\n * Hand Friction Blisters. Hand blisters are often due to friction from using a tool too much. Examples are a shovel, pick, or rake. They can also be caused by sports equipment. Examples are a tennis racquet or boat oars. Gymnastics equipment (such as high bars) may also cause hand blisters.\n * Foot Friction Blisters. Foot blisters are likely due to friction from an activity. Examples are hiking or running. Usually, a child has new shoes or poorly-fitting shoes. Children starting a new sport may develop blisters. Also, a risk factor to forming blisters is recently increasing the activity time.\n * Prevention. There are two general approaches to prevent friction blisters. These are toughening the skin and lowering the friction force.\n * Complications. Pain or infection.\n * Treatment. Painless or mildly painful small blisters can be treated at home. Use moleskin or tape that has a hole cut in the center. Larger or very painful blisters sometimes need to be drained. This can be done by making a small hole in the blister. Use a clean needle or pin. Let all the blister fluid drain out. Then the blister can be covered with antibiotic ointment and a dressing.\n\n### Call Doctor or Seek Care Now\n\n * Fever and looks infected (spreading redness)\n * Widespread blisters\n * Cause not clear and blisters on face\n * Your child looks or acts very sick\n * You think your child needs to be seen, and the problem is urgent\n\n### Contact Doctor Within 24 Hours\n\n * Looks infected (spreading redness or pus)\n * Severe pain and you want your doctor to drain the blister\n * Cause not clear and blister on one or more finger pads\n * Cause not clear and new blisters are developing\n * You think your child needs to be seen, but the problem is not urgent\n\n### Contact Doctor During Office Hours\n\n * No new blisters but cause not clear\n * You have other questions or concerns\n\n### Self Care at Home\n\n * Normal blister from friction\n * Normal blood blister from pinch injury to skin\n * Questions about prevention of foot blisters from hiking or running\n * Questions about prevention of hand blisters from sports or tools\n\n### Care Advice\n\nTreatment of Normal Friction Blister\n\n 1. What You Should Know - Friction Blister:\n\n * A friction blister is a raised pocket of clear fluid, covered by skin.\n * Most blisters should not be opened. Reason: It increases the risk of infection.\n * However, large or severely painful blisters often need to be drained. This is done by poking a small hole in the blister with a needle. (See #4 below)\n * Here is some care advice that should help.\n 2. Protect the Blister:\n\n * Goal: Protect the blister from any more rubbing.\n * Surround it with a \"donut\" made from moleskin. Ask for this product at your drug store.\n * Using scissors, cut a moleskin piece to a shape larger than the blister.\n * Next cut a hole the size of the blister in the center. Do this by folding the moleskin in half and cut along the fold.\n * Remove the covering from the sticky side. Then, put the moleskin on with the blister in the center.\n * If the blister is taller than the moleskin, add one more layer of moleskin.\n * Hold the \"donut\" in place with a large strip of duct tape.\n * Other option. If you don't have moleskin, use a bandage (such as Band-Aid). Fold it and cut the center out to the size of the blister.\n * For foot blisters, also switch to shoes that don't rub the blister.\n 3. Pain Medicine:\n\n * To help with the pain, give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).\n * Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).\n * Use as needed.\n 4. Severe Pain - Drain the Blister:\n\n * Draining a large blister can help make the pain go away.\n * Wash the skin with warm water and soap.\n * Clean a needle or straight pin with rubbing alcohol.\n * Gently press the fluid to one side of the blister to create a bulge.\n * Pass the needle sideways through the fluid making 2 puncture holes. Gently wiggle the needle to make the holes larger.\n * Remove the needle.\n * Press the fluid out through the holes.\n * Leave the roof of the blister in place to protect the raw skin underneath.\n * Use an antibiotic ointment (such as Polysporin). No prescription is needed. Put it on twice per day after cleansing.\n * Cover the drained blister with a bandage (such as Band-Aid).\n 5. Broken Blister Treatment:\n\n * If the blister breaks open, let it drain.\n * Leave the roof of the blister in place to protect the raw skin underneath.\n * If there are any loose flaps of skin, trim them with a fine scissors.\n * Wash it with warm water and soap.\n * Use an antibiotic ointment (such as Polysporin). No prescription is needed. Put it on twice a day.\n * Cover it with a bandage (such as Band-Aid).\n 6. What to Expect:\n\n * Most often, they dry up and peel off without any treatment.\n * This may take 1 to 2 weeks.\n 7. Call Your Doctor If:\n\n * Blister looks infected\n * Severe pain and you want your child's doctor to drain the blister\n * You think your child needs to be seen\n * Your child becomes worse\n\nTreatment of Normal Blood Blister\n\n 1. What You Should Know - Blood Blister:\n\n * A blood blister can happen when the skin gets pinched. Examples are a finger caught in a hinge or a closing door.\n * It forms a tiny pocket of bloody fluid covered by skin. It is dark red or purple in color.\n * A blood blister is not harmful.\n * No treatment is needed. You do not need to drain it.\n * It will slowly dry up and peel off over 1-2 weeks.\n 2. Pain Medicine:\n\n * To help with the pain, give an acetaminophen product (such as Tylenol).\n * Another choice is an ibuprofen product (such as Advil).\n * Use as needed.\n 3. Call Your Doctor If:\n\n * You think your child needs to be seen\n * Your child becomes worse\n\nPrevention of Foot Blisters\n\n 1. Prevention - General:\n\n * Shoes. Buy shoes that fit. Do not wear shoes that are too tight or too loose. New hiking boots are often somewhat stiff. It is wise to first wear them around the house and on short walks. Wear them in before wearing them on a long hike.\n * Socks. Do not use cotton socks. They tend to stay damp when wearing. Instead use synthetic (acrylic) or wool socks. Some people prefer to wear two socks at a time. You can wear a thin inner liner ('wicking') sock and a thicker outer sock.\n * Lubricants. If your child often gets blisters at the same spot, use a lubricant. You can use petroleum jelly (such as Vaseline). Cover the area with a small amount of the lubricant before sports. This will help to reduce friction on the spot.\n * Callus. If blisters usually occur under a callus, file the callus down. Then, lubricate it. This way it won't add to the friction.\n * Taping Pressure Points. If a lubricant doesn't stop blisters, taping is the next step. Taping is a very good way to treat hot spots for friction blisters. Many hikers and runners use taping. Follow the instructions listed down below.\n 2. Prevention - Taping:\n\n * Option 1 - Moleskin\n * You can get moleskin at your drug store. It is a good way to stop friction blisters. Here are some instructions on how to use moleskin.\n * Using scissors, cut the moleskin to a shape slightly larger than the pressure point.\n * Remove the backing from the moleskin. Put it on the pressure point. Smooth it from the center outward so that there are no wrinkles.\n * Put on a clean and dry sock.\n * Option 2 - Taping with Duct Tape\n * Duct tape is available at your hardware store. It is also good at stopping friction blisters. Many hikers and runners use it. Here are some instructions on how to use duct tape.\n * Using scissors, cut out a piece of duct tape into a shape slightly larger than the pressure point.\n * Apply the piece of duct tape to the pressure point. Smooth it from the center outward so that there are no wrinkles.\n * Put on a clean and dry sock.\n 3. Prevention - Toughening the Skin:\n\n * This mainly applies to walkers, hikers, and runners.\n * Slowly add to the distance you hike or run over days to weeks. This will increase the toughness of the skin. It will lower the risk of blisters forming.\n 4. Call Your Doctor If:\n\n * You have other questions or concerns\n\nPrevention of Hand Blisters\n\n 1. Prevention:\n\n * Gloves. Wear heavy-duty work gloves when working with the hands. Also, use gloves when working with tools. Examples are shovels, picks, and rakes. Sports gloves can be used for rowing, paddling, weight lifting or cycling.\n * Lubricants. Lower friction at pressure points by covering them with a lubricant. You can use petroleum jelly (such as Vaseline).\n 2. Call Your Doctor If:\n\n * You have other questions or concerns\n\nCopyright 2000-2020. Schmitt Pediatric Guidelines LLC.\n\nDisclaimer: this health information is for educational purposes only. You, the\nreader, assume full responsibility for how you choose to use it.\n\n### Get to know our pediatric experts.\n\n### Grant Plost, MD\n\nDermatology\n\nPatient ratings and reviews are not available Why?\n\n### Heather Crossen, APN, PNP\n\nCertified Pediatric Nurse Practitioner\n\nPatient ratings and reviews are not available Why?\n\n### Chris Cousar, PA-C\n\nPhysician Assistant\n\nPatient ratings and reviews are not available Why?\n\n### Lilliane Sarraff, MD\n\nEmergency Medicine - Pediatric, Pediatrics\n\nPatient ratings and reviews are not available Why?\n\nMeet the team\n\nLearn about patient ratings and reviews\n\nAbout Children's Hospital Colorado\n\nWe see more, treat more and heal more children than any hospital in our seven-\nstate region. Learn about our mission and more, or search for opportunities to\njoin our team.\n\nLearn how we work\n\nLearn how we're addressing community health needs\n\nWe're a nonprofit that is supported by donors\n\nWhen you give to Children's Colorado, you're helping us to reimagine\nchildren's health through patient care, education, research and advocacy.\n\nDonate now\n\nQuick Links\n\n * Careers\n * Financial information\n * Medical records\n * Newsroom\n * Refer a patient\n * Volunteer\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * LinkedIn\n * Instagram\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n * © 2020 All rights reserved\n\nAffiliated with the University of Colorado School of Medicine\n\n * Español\n * Tiếng Việt\n * 한국어\n * 繁體中文\n * Русский\n * አማርኛ\n * العربية\n * Deutsch\n * Français\n * नेपाली\n * Tagalog\n * 日本語\n * Cushite\n * Persian\n * Igbo asusu\n * èdè Yorùbá\n\n### Patient ratings and reviews are not available\n\nChildren's Hospital Colorado partners with NRC Health to gather star ratings\nand reviews from patients, residents and family survey data. This provider\neither practices in a department or specialty that we currently do not survey,\nor does not have at least 20 ratings in the last 12 months. Learn more about\npatient ratings and reviews.\n\n### Provider Types\n\n#### Children's Hospital Colorado providers\n\nChildren’s Hospital Colorado providers are faculty members of the University\nof Colorado School of Medicine. Our specialists are nationally ranked and\nglobally recognized for delivering the best possible care in pediatrics.\n\n#### Community providers\n\nSome healthcare professionals listed on our website have medical privileges to\npractice at Children’s Hospital Colorado, but they are community providers.\nThey schedule and bill separately for their services, and are not employees of\nthe Hospital.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.uofmhealth.org:80/health-library/tm6291",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171106071303/http://www.uofmhealth.org:80/health-library/tm6291",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Broken Blisters: Home Treatment",
"passages": [
"It's best not to drain a blister at home. But when blisters are painful, some people do drain them. If you drain your blister or if it has torn open, be sure to follow these steps:",
"Don't remove the flap of skin over a blister unless it's very dirty or torn or there is pus under it. Gently smooth the flap over the tender skin.",
"This information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise, Incorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this information. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of Use. Learn how we develop our content.",
"NOTICE: This health information was not created by the University of Michigan Health System (UMHS) and may not necessarily reflect specific UMHS practices. For medical advice relating to your personal condition, please consult your doctor. Complete disclaimer"
]
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"parsed_md": "Broken Blisters: Home Treatment | Michigan Medicine\n\nJump to navigation\n\n## Other UMHS Sites\n\n * Michigan Medicine Gateway\n * Medical School\n * School of Nursing\n * Clinical Research\n * For Health Providers\n * Patient Login\n\n## Michigan Medicine\n\n## Quick Links\n\n * U-M Health Blogs\n * About Us\n * Maps & Directions\n * News\n * Quality & Safety\n * Contact Us\n\nTop of the page\n\n# Broken Blisters: Home Treatment\n\nSkip to the navigation\n\n## Topic Overview\n\nIt's best not to drain a blister at home. But when blisters are painful, some\npeople do drain them. If you drain your blister or if it has torn open, be\nsure to follow these steps:\n\n 1. Gently wash the area with clean water. Don't use hydrogen peroxide or alcohol, which can slow healing.\n 2. Don't remove the flap of skin over a blister unless it's very dirty or torn or there is pus under it. Gently smooth the flap over the tender skin.\n 3. You may cover the area with a thin layer of petroleum jelly, such as Vaseline, and a nonstick bandage.\n 4. Apply more petroleum jelly and replace the bandage as needed.\n\nWatch for a skin infection while your blister is healing. Signs of infection\ninclude:\n\n * Increased pain, swelling, redness, or warmth around the blister.\n * Red streaks extending away from the blister.\n * Drainage of pus from the blister.\n * Fever.\n\n## Related Information\n\n * Blisters\n\n## Credits\n\nByHealthwise Staff Primary Medical Reviewer William H. Blahd, Jr., MD, FACEP -\nEmergency Medicine Adam Husney, MD - Family Medicine\n\nCurrent as ofMarch 20, 2017\n\n * Top of Page\n * Next Section:\n\nRelated Information\n\n * Previous Section:\n\nTopic Overview\n\n * Top of Page\n * Next Section:\n\nCredits\n\n * Previous Section:\n\nRelated Information\n\n * Top of Page\n\nCurrent as of: March 20, 2017\n\nAuthor: Healthwise Staff\n\nMedical Review: William H. Blahd, Jr., MD, FACEP - Emergency Medicine & Adam\nHusney, MD - Family Medicine\n\nThis information does not replace the advice of a doctor. Healthwise,\nIncorporated, disclaims any warranty or liability for your use of this\ninformation. Your use of this information means that you agree to the Terms of\nUse. Learn how we develop our content.\n\nTo learn more about Healthwise, visit Healthwise.org.\n\n© 1995-2017 Healthwise, Incorporated. Healthwise, Healthwise for every health\ndecision, and the Healthwise logo are trademarks of Healthwise, Incorporated.\n\n * Health Library\n\n### Topic Contents\n\n * Topic Overview\n * Related Information\n * Credits\n\nBroken Blisters: Home Treatment\n\nNOTICE: This health information was not created by the University of Michigan\nHealth System (UMHS) and may not necessarily reflect specific UMHS practices.\nFor medical advice relating to your personal condition, please consult your\ndoctor. Complete disclaimer\n\nCan't find what you're looking for?\n\nClick here for help.\n\nDial 911 for emergencies\n\n## Quick Links\n\n * MyUofMHealth.org\n * Appointment Information\n * Make a Gift\n * Michigan Medicine Careers\n * Volunteer\n * CarePages\n * Insurance\n * Billing\n\n## Connect\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Google+\n * Pinterest\n * Michigan Health Blogs\n * iTunes U\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Find a Doctor\n * Conditions & Treatments\n * Locations\n * Patient & Visitor Guide\n * Make a Gift\n\n## Utility menu for UofMHealth.org\n\n * U-M Health Blogs\n * About Us\n * Maps & Directions\n * News\n * Quality & Safety\n * Contact Us\n\n## Copyright\n\n * © Copyright 1995-2017 Regents of the University of Michigan\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Disclaimer\n * Patient Privacy\n * Discrimination Notice\n * Privacy Statement\n\n * Notice of Nondiscrimination: English\n * Deutsch\n * Español\n * Français\n * Italiano\n * Polski\n * Shqip\n * Hrvatski/Srpski\n * Tagalog\n * Tiếng Việt\n * Русский\n * العربية\n * فارسی\n * ܣܘܼܪܸܬ݂\n * हिंदी\n * বাংলা\n * 日本語\n * 中文\n * 한국어\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-blisters/basics/art-20056691",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190711041816/https://www.mayoclinic.org/first-aid/first-aid-blisters/basics/art-20056691",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Blisters: First aid",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Blisters: First aid - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.cdc.gov/Features/handwashing/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190506130333/https://www.cdc.gov/Features/handwashing/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Wash Your Hands",
"passages": [
"Handwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from getting sick. Learn when and how you should wash your hands to stay healthy.",
"You can help yourself and your loved ones stay healthy by washing your hands often, especially during these key times when you are likely to get and spread germs:",
"Washing your hands is easy, and it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent the spread of germs. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person to another and throughout an entire community—from your home and workplace to childcare facilities and hospitals.",
"Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.",
"Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice.",
"Washing hands with soap and water is the best way to get rid of germs in most situations. If soap and water are not available, you can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. You can tell if the sanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol by looking at the product label.",
"You can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol if soap and water are not available.",
"Keep hand sanitizer out of the reach of young children and supervise their use. Swallowing alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause alcohol poisoning if more than a couple mouthfuls are swallowed.",
"Rub the gel over all the surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry. This should take around 20 seconds.",
"For more information on handwashing, please visit CDC’s Handwashing website. You can also call 1-800-CDC-INFO or contact CDC-INFO for answers to specific questions.",
"Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Wash Your Hands | Features | CDC\n\nSkip directly to site content Skip directly to page options Skip directly to\nA-Z link\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC twenty four seven. Saving\nLives, Protecting People Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. CDC\ntwenty four seven. Saving Lives, Protecting People\n\nCDC Features\n\n# Wash Your Hands\n\nEspañol (Spanish)\n\nRelated Pages\n\nHandwashing is one of the best ways to protect yourself and your family from\ngetting sick. Learn when and how you should wash your hands to stay healthy.\n\n### Wash Your Hands Often to Stay Healthy\n\nYou can help yourself and your loved ones stay healthy by washing your hands\noften, especially during these key times when you are likely to get and spread\ngerms:\n\n * Before, during, and after preparing food\n * Before eating food\n * Before and after caring for someone at home who is sick with vomiting or diarrhea\n * Before and after treating a cut or wound\n * After using the toilet\n * After changing diapers or cleaning up a child who has used the toilet\n * After blowing your nose, coughing, or sneezing\n * After touching an animal, animal feed, or animal waste\n * After handling pet food or pet treats\n * After touching garbage.\n\n### Follow Five Steps to Wash Your Hands the Right Way\n\nWashing your hands is easy, and it’s one of the most effective ways to prevent\nthe spread of germs. Clean hands can stop germs from spreading from one person\nto another and throughout an entire community—from your home and workplace to\nchildcare facilities and hospitals.\n\nFollow these five steps every time.\n\n * Wet your hands with clean, running water (warm or cold), turn off the tap, and apply soap.\n * Lather your hands by rubbing them together with the soap. Lather the backs of your hands, between your fingers, and under your nails.\n * Scrub your hands for at least 20 seconds. Need a timer? Hum the “Happy Birthday” song from beginning to end twice.\n * Rinse your hands well under clean, running water.\n * Dry your hands using a clean towel or air dry them.\n\nWhy? Read the science behind the recommendations.\n\n### Use Hand Sanitizer Only When You Can’t Use Soap and Water\n\nWashing hands with soap and water is the best way to get rid of germs in most\nsituations. If soap and water are not available, you can use an alcohol-based\nhand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol. You can tell if the\nsanitizer contains at least 60% alcohol by looking at the product label.\n\nYou can use an alcohol-based hand sanitizer that contains at least 60% alcohol\nif soap and water are not available.\n\nRemember these key facts about alcohol-based hand sanitizers.\n\n * Sanitizers can quickly reduce the number of germs on hands in some situations.\n * Sanitizers do not get rid of all types of germs.\n * Hand sanitizers may not be as effective when hands are visibly dirty or greasy.\n * Hand sanitizers might not remove harmful chemicals from hands like pesticides and heavy metals.\n * Keep hand sanitizer out of the reach of young children and supervise their use. Swallowing alcohol-based hand sanitizers can cause alcohol poisoning if more than a couple mouthfuls are swallowed.\n\n### How to Use Hand Sanitizer\n\n * Apply the gel product to the palm of one hand (read the label to learn the correct amount).\n * Rub your hands together.\n * Rub the gel over all the surfaces of your hands and fingers until your hands are dry. This should take around 20 seconds.\n\nFor more information on handwashing, please visit CDC’s Handwashing website.\nYou can also call 1-800-CDC-INFO or contact CDC-INFO for answers to specific\nquestions.\n\nMore Information\n\n#### CDC’s Handwashing Work\n\n * Handwashing: Clean Hands Save Lives\n * Preventing the Flu\n * Hand Hygiene in Healthcare Settings\n * Hand Hygiene During an Emergency\n * Water-related Hygiene\n * Keeping Your Hands Clean on a Cruise\n\n#### Health Promotion & Education\n\n * Health Promotion Materials\n\n * Fact Sheets\n * Podcasts\n * Posters\n * Stickers\n * Videos\n * Web Features\n * Training & Education\n * Our Partners\n\n#### Publications, Data & Statistics\n\n * Publications, Data, & Statistics\n\n#### Global Handwashing Day\n\n * Global Handwashing Day\n * globalhandwashingday.orgexternal icon\n\nPage last reviewed: April 29, 2019\n\nContent source:\n\nNational Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases, Division of\nFoodborne, Waterborne, and Environmental Diseases\n\nFeatures Media\n\nSocial_round_rss Sign up for Features\n\nSocial_govd Get Email Updates\n\nTo receive email updates about this page, enter your email address:\n\nCONTACT CDC-INFO\n\nHave questions? We have answers. 1-800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636) TTY:\n888-232-6348\n\nEmail CDC-INFO\n\nCDC INFORMATION\n\n * About CDC\n * Jobs\n * Funding\n * Policies\n * File Viewers & Players\n\n * Privacy\n * FOIA\n * No Fear Act\n * OIG\n * Nondiscrimination\n * Accessibility\n\nCONNECT WITH CDC\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Youtube\n * Instagram\n\n * Syndicate\n * CDC TV\n * RSS\n * Email\n\nU.S. Department of Health & Human Services\n\nUSA.gov\n\nCDC Website Exit Disclaimer external icon\n\n#### Exit Notification/Disclaimer Policy\n\nLinks with this icon indicate that you are leaving the CDC website.\n\n * The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) cannot attest to the accuracy of a non-federal website.\n * Linking to a non-federal website does not constitute an endorsement by CDC or any of its employees of the sponsors or the information and products presented on the website.\n * You will be subject to the destination website's privacy policy when you follow the link.\n * CDC is not responsible for Section 508 compliance (accessibility) on other federal or private website.\n\nFor more information on CDC's web notification policies, see Website\nDisclaimers.\n\n"
}
] |
714,428 | How To Become a Canadian Police Officer | If you want to become a Canadian police officer, start by checking that you meet the basic requirements, including by being at least 18 years old. Then, get in shape by working out at a local gym, since you'll have to pass a physical test to get into the police force. To meet education requirements, complete a high school diploma, and gain your CPR and first aid certificate. Then, apply to become a police cadet by looking for open positions on your local government's website. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170615134800/https://www.cpc.gc.ca/en/course-eligibility",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160106081711/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rec/process-processus-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210508163228/https://www.torontopolice.on.ca/careers/civ_minreq.php",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210204190705/https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/depot/ctp-pfc/index-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160105201346/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rec/requirements-exigences-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417102643/https://police.windsor.on.ca/careers/officers-cadets/Pages/Hiring-Process.aspx",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160210052219/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/interview-entrevue-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170615205552/http://www.cpc.gc.ca:80/en/registration",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210128063431/https://www.redcross.ca/training-and-certification/course-descriptions/first-aid-at-home-courses/cpr/aed",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151128121131/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/pare-tape-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151130030910/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/prep-interview-entrevue-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151118071652/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/poly-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151025193953/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/rpab-btatpg-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161215173550/http://www.labour.gc.ca/eng/health_safety/prevention/first_aid.shtml",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151128015132/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/health-sante-eng.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151119084308/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/prep-rpab-btatpg-eng.htm"
] | train | 550 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.cpc.gc.ca/en/course-eligibility",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170615134800/https://www.cpc.gc.ca/en/course-eligibility",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Canadian Police College",
"passages": [
"If you are from a recognized Canadian police service and would like to attend a Canadian Police College (CPC) course, please contact your police service/agency/government department’s training officer who will process the application. Please note that the CPC does not accept requests directly from individual police officers.",
"To register for a course, you must meet the Course Selection Criteria as outlined in each course description, and your training officer must complete all sections of the CPC Registration form (PDF - 969kb), have it authorized, and send it by Fax or E-mail - along with any required document (i.e. pre- course test results, letter of support, etc) - to the CPC Registrar.",
"Although the majority of Canadian Police College (CPC) participants work at a police service, there are a few courses that apply to people who work for Canadian agencies and/or other government departments. Please note that the CPC only accepts requests from the agency/government department’s training officer - not from individual employees.",
"If your agency has not attended a particular course in the past, please have your training officer send a written request to the attention of the CPC Registrar, in order to determine if you and your agency or government department meet the selection criteria.",
"the name of the main contact person within your organization for any future correspondence (include the phone and fax numbers, and an e-mail address).",
"A CPC Registration form (PDF - 969kb) and a FIS form (PDF - 17kb) [Government of Canada only] will be required.",
"If you are from a police service outside Canada and wish to register for a course at the Canadian Police College (CPC), please have your police service make the request to the Canadian embassy in your country or nearest to your country. The request must be directed to the attention of the Royal Canadian Mounted Police Liaison Officer. The Liaison Officer will forward the request through the RCMP’s International Training Branch for consideration by the Canadian Police College.",
"If a position is available and you meet the Course Selection Criteria, your registration will be accepted. However, please note that members of Canadian police services are given priority to attend CPC courses. As such, your request may need to be placed on a wait-list. If this happens, you may be offered the opportunity to replace an international participant who has cancelled a position on a course, or your request may be considered for a future course date.",
"Help on accessing alternative formats, such as Portable Document Format (PDF), can be obtained in the alternate format section of the Help page."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Course Eligibility | Canadian Police College\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to footer\n\nCanadian Police College\n\n## Search\n\n# Course Eligibility\n\nTo be eligible to register for a course or a workshop at the Canadian Police\nCollege (CPC), a potential participant must be:\n\n * an employee of a Canadian or an international police service;\n * an employee with Peace Officer status from a Canadian government agency (federal, provincial or municipal);\n * an employee who has an investigative mandate within an agency from the public or private sector.\n\nIn addition, several courses have specific requirements. To determine a\npotential participant’s eligibility, please visit the course description\npages.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2013-04-03\n\n## Footer\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rec/process-processus-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160106081711/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rec/process-processus-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to apply",
"passages": [
"As of January 15, 2016, all new applicants will be required to complete Step 5 \"Take the Physical Abilities Requirement Evaluation (PARE)\" before submitting an on-line application. All costs including the evaluation fees, travel to and from the evaluation location, and any accommodations will be at the applicants' own expense and will not be reimbursed.",
"Prior to applying, in addition to meeting the qualifications and requirements to become a police officer of the RCMP, you will need to have two (2) medical assessments completed: vision and hearing.",
"Once you have your assessments complete confirming that meet the minimum vision and hearing requirements, you can proceed with the online application.",
"All applicants must apply online. RCMP police officer job openings are posted at jobs.gc.ca. You can access them by searching \"RCMP\" and looking under the \"Jobs open to the public\" tab in the search results.",
"Be aware that, if you answer \"no\" to any of the qualifications or requirements, or do not have your pre-application assessments and forms completed, you risk being rejected from the recruitment process and will not be permitted to reapply for a period of six (6) months.",
"If your application is successful you will be contacted by the RCMP to register for the Entrance Exam. Exam sessions are held in a number of cities and towns throughout the year.",
"If you indicated on your online application that you possess a Bachelor's degree from a recognized university and you have the required transcript, you will not be required to write the exam and will move on to the next step in the process.",
"Note: Before submitting your application, review the Entrance Exam page for details on what is considered \"recognized university\" to determine if you are eligible for this exemption.",
"Should you be selected to continue in the process, you will be instructed to download various forms that must be completed and returned by a specified date. You will also be required to obtain various personal documents, such as high school transcripts, statement of driving record, and fingerprints.",
"You will be contacted to schedule a one-on-one interview to determine if you meet the organizational competencies needed to become a police officer.",
"You will be required to take a job-related physical ability test that simulates a critical incident of chasing, controlling and apprehending a suspect. You are encouraged to be prepared prior to applying.",
"This stage is intended to review the questions and responses you provided in your Applicant Questionnaire (in step 3) and verify honesty and integrity.",
"A full health assessment, including full medical and psychological exams will be conducted by RCMP designated physicians. Cost of medical and psychological exams are absorbed by the RCMP.",
"A thorough investigation into your background is conducted to help assess your character. If successful, a security clearance will be issued.",
"Once an applicant is deemed suitable, medically fit, and is security cleared, they are enrolled to begin the RCMP Cadet Training Program.",
"If you applied to become a police officer of the RCMP in the past and would like to resume the application process, or if your application was terminated and you wish to appeal this decision, please review the process for returning applicants and appeals.",
"To speak with a recruiter before submitting your application, you can attend one of the many recruiting events held across the country."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to apply\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# How to apply\n\n## Update:\n\nAs of January 15, 2016, all new applicants will be required to complete Step 5\n\"Take the Physical Abilities Requirement Evaluation (PARE)\" before submitting\nan on-line application. All costs including the evaluation fees, travel to and\nfrom the evaluation location, and any accommodations will be at the\napplicants' own expense and will not be reimbursed.\n\nCongratulations on taking the first step to a rewarding career!\n\nPrior to applying, in addition to meeting the qualifications and requirements\nto become a police officer of the RCMP, you will need to have two (2) medical\nassessments completed: vision and hearing.\n\nOnce you have your assessments complete confirming that meet the minimum\nvision and hearing requirements, you can proceed with the online application.\n\n 1. Submit an online application\n\nAll applicants must apply online. RCMP police officer job openings are posted\nat jobs.gc.ca. You can access them by searching \"RCMP\" and looking under the\n\"Jobs open to the public\" tab in the search results.\n\nYou will need to create an account and complete your online application.\n\nBe aware that, if you answer \"no\" to any of the qualifications or\nrequirements, or do not have your pre-application assessments and forms\ncompleted, you risk being rejected from the recruitment process and will not\nbe permitted to reapply for a period of six (6) months.\n\n 2. Write the RCMP Entrance Exam\n\nIf your application is successful you will be contacted by the RCMP to\nregister for the Entrance Exam. Exam sessions are held in a number of cities\nand towns throughout the year.\n\nIf you indicated on your online application that you possess a Bachelor's\ndegree from a recognized university and you have the required transcript, you\nwill not be required to write the exam and will move on to the next step in\nthe process.\n\nNote: Before submitting your application, review the Entrance Exam page for\ndetails on what is considered \"recognized university\" to determine if you are\neligible for this exemption.\n\n 3. Forms completion\n\nShould you be selected to continue in the process, you will be instructed to\ndownload various forms that must be completed and returned by a specified\ndate. You will also be required to obtain various personal documents, such as\nhigh school transcripts, statement of driving record, and fingerprints.\n\n 4. Have a Regular Member Selection Interview (RMSI)\n\nYou will be contacted to schedule a one-on-one interview to determine if you\nmeet the organizational competencies needed to become a police officer.\n\nIf you are successful in this interview you will be contacted to proceed to\nthe next step.\n\n 5. Take the Physical Abilities Requirement Evaluation (PARE)\n\nYou will be required to take a job-related physical ability test that\nsimulates a critical incident of chasing, controlling and apprehending a\nsuspect. You are encouraged to be prepared prior to applying.\n\n 6. Complete the Pre-Employment Polygraph Examination\n\nThis stage is intended to review the questions and responses you provided in\nyour Applicant Questionnaire (in step 3) and verify honesty and integrity.\n\n 7. Have a health assessment\n\nA full health assessment, including full medical and psychological exams will\nbe conducted by RCMP designated physicians. Cost of medical and psychological\nexams are absorbed by the RCMP.\n\n 8. Undergo a field investigation and security clearance\n\nA thorough investigation into your background is conducted to help assess your\ncharacter. If successful, a security clearance will be issued.\n\nOnce an applicant is deemed suitable, medically fit, and is security cleared,\nthey are enrolled to begin the RCMP Cadet Training Program.\n\nIf you applied to become a police officer of the RCMP in the past and would\nlike to resume the application process, or if your application was terminated\nand you wish to appeal this decision, please review the process for returning\napplicants and appeals.\n\nTo speak with a recruiter before submitting your application, you can attend\none of the many recruiting events held across the country.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2015-12-22\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.torontopolice.on.ca/careers/civ_minreq.php",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508163228/https://www.torontopolice.on.ca/careers/civ_minreq.php",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Toronto Police Service :: To Serve and Protect",
"passages": [
"The Toronto Police Service endeavours to hire the finest members for every position. Candidates must be well qualified, enthusiastic, interested and committed to exploring a career in law enforcement. The Toronto Police Service continually strives to ensure that it represents the diverse communities it serves.",
"have a minimum Ontario grade 12 education or its equivalent (Note: official transcripts and diplomas will be required). Where education has been completed outside Ontario, official proof of equivalency must be obtained,",
"be of good moral character and habits, meaning that you are an individual other people would look upon as being trustworthy and having integrity. You must possess the following core values of the Toronto Police Service: Honesty, Integrity, Fairness, Reliability, Respect, Teamwork, and Positive Attitude, Freedom from Bias,"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Toronto Police Service :: To Serve and Protect\n\nNon-Emergency 416-808-2222 - Emergency 9-1-1\n\n| |\n\n * Careers ↵\n\n * History\n * Mission Statement, Core Values & Core Competencies\n * Why join?\n * “Faces of policing” video\n * Women in Policing\n * Uniform Careers ↵\n\n * Minimum requirements\n * Background Investigation\n * Salary & Benefits\n * How do I become a Police Officer?\n * Lateral Entry/Rehire ↵\n\n * The Process\n * FAQ\n * Training\n * Forms and resources\n * FAQ\n * Contact a recruiter\n * Multimedia ↵\n\n * Fitness PIN Testing\n * Rogers on Patrol - Recruiting Unit\n * Civilian Careers ↵\n\n * Minimum requirements\n * Benefits\n * Recruitment process\n * Job Categories\n * Forms and resources\n * FAQ\n * Contact civilian staffing advisors\n * Auxiliary Careers ↵\n\n * Introduction\n * Minimum requirements\n * Duties\n * Benefits\n * FAQ\n * Contact a recruiter\n * Community Partners ↵\n\n * Community Events\n\nYour career...Your community...You can make a difference (416) 808-JOIN (5646) \n \n--- \n \n# Minimum requirements\n\nThe Toronto Police Service endeavours to hire the finest members for every\nposition. Candidates must be well qualified, enthusiastic, interested and\ncommitted to exploring a career in law enforcement. The Toronto Police Service\ncontinually strives to ensure that it represents the diverse communities it\nserves.\n\nMinimum Requirements:\n\n * be at least 18 years of age (exception are student programs),\n\n * be a Canadian Citizen or have permanent resident status in Canada,\n\n * have a minimum Ontario grade 12 education or its equivalent (Note: official transcripts and diplomas will be required). Where education has been completed outside Ontario, official proof of equivalency must be obtained,\n\n * have no criminal convictions for which a pardon has not been granted,\n\n * be of good moral character and habits, meaning that you are an individual other people would look upon as being trustworthy and having integrity. You must possess the following core values of the Toronto Police Service: Honesty, Integrity, Fairness, Reliability, Respect, Teamwork, and Positive Attitude, Freedom from Bias,\n\n * be able to pass a security clearance as well as a background investigation, credit and reference checks.\n\nIf you have any questions regarding the above information, please contact our\noffice. \n \nFollow Us on Social Media\n\n#CareersTPS \n \n© 2021 Toronto Police Service\n\nHome - Privacy - Accessibility - Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/depot/ctp-pfc/index-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210204190705/https://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/depot/ctp-pfc/index-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Cadet Training Program brief overview",
"passages": [
"The Cadet Training Program is an extensive 26-week basic training course, offered in both official languages. The cadet is part of a 32-member troop which is diverse in composition. Upon successfully completing the Cadet Training Program, cadets may be offered employment as members of the RCMP and given peace officer status. Once employed, they must then complete a six-month Field Coaching Program at selected training detachments where they are involved in everyday police duties under the supervision of a Field Coach.",
"Consistent with the RCMP vision, mission and operational framework, and given the competencies required for quality community policing, the following are the objectives of the Cadet Training Program:",
"1. the RCMP code of conduct and\n2. pride in self and the RCMP necessary for collaborative policing.\nTo facilitate the acquisition of knowledge and skills necessary for effective police–community interaction and problem solving by:",
"1. promoting an understanding of the importance of interaction with the community, of joint problem solving and demonstrating sensitivity and respect for diversity;\n2. instilling the attitudes necessary for demonstrating sensitivity and respect;\n3. developing the skills and knowledge necessary to identify, define and assess problems of interest to the community and the police;\n4. identifying innovative community-based resolutions to those problems and assessing the effectiveness of the resolutions; and\n5. fostering an attitude of life-long learning.\nTo facilitate the acquisition of knowledge of the law necessary to:",
"1. the effective fulfilment of police duties,\n2. the exercise of discretion consistent with the RCMP code of conduct and commitment to community policing; and\n3. support police accountability.\nTo facilitate the acquisition of communication skills (electronic, verbal and written) required for effective community policing so that cadets:",
"1. can successfully complete scenarios which require community interaction and a demonstration of understanding, sensitivity to and respect for the crime-related problems of interest to the community;\n2. can collect and analyse information necessary for identifying, analysing, resolving and evaluating crime and related problems;\n3. can effectively, orally and in writing, present information in a manner that stands up to the scrutiny of the courts;\n4. make effective and efficient use of RCMP information and communications technology and systems necessary to RCMP operations; and\n5. maintain accurate, complete and concise records necessary to fulfil the requirements of accountability.\nTo facilitate the acquisition of technical skills and knowledge related to:",
"1. effective and safe management of evidence, exhibits and crime scenes consistent with the requirements of the law, the RCMP code of conduct and policy and principles of community policing;\n2. safe and competent driving;\n3. safe and proficient handling of firearms as appropriate within the law and policy;\n4. safe and effective application of self-defence techniques;\n5. physical and mental well being; and\n6. improved life style in order to ensure the least intrusive intervention necessary to manage risk and that the least harm or damage is caused.\nTo facilitate the acquisition of knowledge and skills for applying approved techniques using appropriate intervention and incident management, conflict avoidance and resolution strategies and appropriate levels of force in view of enhanced public and police safety.",
"The CAPRA Model is an operational application of the RCMP's vision and mission. It combines the RCMP's commitment to communities and clients, problem solving in partnership and continuous learning. The CAPRA Model helped to define the competencies necessary for effective community policing.",
"C = Clients A = Acquiring and analysing information P = Partnership R = Response A = Assessment for continuous improvement",
"The design of the curriculum and the methodologies for delivery are based on the competency requirements identified for quality community policing.",
"The primary beneficiary of policing is always the community and the taxpayer through service, protection, enforcement and prevention. A client-driven approach recognizes that individuals or communities seeking help, victims of crime, witnesses and suspects as clients all deserve a level of service that is professional, ethical, lawful, sensitive and respectful and consistent with the public interest. A client-centred approach emphasizes the importance of organizing policing around the needs of the community and individual clients rather than around policing disciplines or functions.",
"The client-centred curriculum is designed to teach policing through integrated, life-like situations where the needs, expectations and demands of clients vary. Problem solving approaches are based on the assumption that the relatively automatic application of rules and procedures will be inadequate for achieving the more demanding objectives of community policing.",
"Cadets learn by solving problems through research and information gathering and group problem solving exercises supplemented by lecture and/or demonstration performance, as appropriate. Case studies provide learning opportunities in which cadets can integrate the knowledge and skills necessary to manage real police situations in a manner consistent with the directions and priorities of the RCMP. The problem-based, scenario approach provides the cadets with opportunities to learn the complexities of policing situations, to discuss alternative responses, to develop techniques for handling varied situations and to engage in cooperative problem solving. Rather than be instructed on a particular content area, students learn to apply all content areas related to a particular type of incident or situation. The program, therefore, is learner-centred rather than instructor-centred. This approach expects more from cadets; it expects them to take responsibility for learning.",
"Scenarios are designed to support incident-based approaches to service, protection, enforcement and prevention, but are also designed to promote a problem solving approach, emphasizing skills and techniques in the identification of problems, problem analysis and response, and evaluation and assessment. Cadets have the opportunity to work through scenarios individually and collectively. They identify skills and knowledge requirements to proceed. To gain the skills and knowledge, various methods are used including: group problem solving strategies, discussions, panel presentations, joint problem solving sessions with experts, research, performance/demonstration, lectures, exercises, role plays, individualized instruction modules, multi-media modules and videos. The problem solving approach requires that students learn what they need to know to proceed with their investigations and preventive problem solving initiatives. Cadets have the opportunity to practice skills learned and are encouraged to practice on their own time as well.",
"Scenarios were developed by a variety of experts including subject matter experts, experts in policing, educators and community resource people. Involving outside resource people in the development of the scenarios helped to ensure the best possible feedback from the perspective of our clients and colleagues in the justice system and experts in crime and human behaviour.",
"Training is delivered in a manner that supports the principles of community policing and the principles of adult learning where applicable. Teams of facilitators with varied expertise facilitate and help to integrate the learning. In some cases, facilitators are cross-trained in one or more skills areas and therefore participate in different aspects of the cadets’ training. Typically, more than one instructor facilitates discussions and participates in debriefing in a particular class at the same time. Also, members of the community are invited to sit on panels to problem-solve and discuss with cadets issues of crime prevention and protection that arise out of their scenarios, from a multi disciplinary, inter-agency perspective. This allows cadets to more fully comprehend how their involvement in and with community groups will result in efficient delivery of quality service.",
"The assessment process is ongoing and multi-faceted including written, oral, demonstration performance and role play methodologies. All assessment methods assess the competencies defined as necessary to policing, covering conduct, knowledge and performance. The professional standard of performance expected for each competency is defined in behavioural terms. These standards are provided to the cadets at the outset of the Cadet Training Program and form the basis for self, peer and facilitator assessments. These professional standards (Criteria for Assessment Sheets) are included in the Cadet Assessment Procedures.",
"Feedback may be provided on any competency at any time, if observed as needing improvement or as superior. Each session also specifically addresses particular competencies and various aspects of those competencies. Feedback is provided through the use of Learning Feedback Sheets and Cadet Performance Feedback Sheets. Learning Feedback Sheets are used by peers and facilitators to provide comments on performance while a cadet is learning a skill or knowledge. Cadet Performance Feedback sheets provide ratings and comments on performance once skills and knowledge have been practised.",
"Cadets must achieve the \"professional\" level of performance in all competencies to graduate. The Cadet Training Program Assessment Procedures document specifies conditions under which early termination of cadets contracts can result. Based on the needs of the RCMP and the successful completion of the Cadet Training Program, cadets are hired as regular members of the RCMP.",
"While at “Depot” Division, cadets live in modern barracks. Meals and accommodation costs are covered by the RCMP. Sports and recreation facilities are available.",
"Cadets receive an allowance while they are participating in the Cadet Training Program. Upon successful completion of training at the Academy, cadets become Level 3 Constables and receive the medical and dental coverage benefits of the RCMP. Pension contributions commence and a life insurance plan is available at a reasonable cost. Upon successful completion of the Field Coaching Program, members are promoted to Level 2 Constables and receive a salary raise. With a successful assessment at the end of the probationary period, a promotion to Level 1 and another increase in salary is received.",
"The Applied Police Sciences team is committed to providing an optimum learning environment where candidates acquire the knowledge and problem solving skills to address the needs of the community through the creation of partnerships.",
"The Program is divided into fifteen modules. Each module is typically built around one scenario. Each module contains problem solving (CAPRA) strategies as well as content objectives. Cadets must successfully pass a midterm and final exam.",
"The detachment visits are designed to allow cadets the opportunity to apply knowledge and skills learned through practical situations/scenarios. Each troop has the opportunity to take part in three detachment visits: the First Detachment Visit takes place at week 12; the Second Detachment Visit takes place during week 17; and the Final Detachment Practice occurs during week 22. The Final Detachment Practice prepares cadets for their Final Detachment Test scenario which occurs in week 23 of the program. Application of the CAPRA problem solving model is integral to the successful conclusion of each scenario. During the First and Second Detachments, cadets participate as a police officer on four different two-hour investigative scenarios. Cadets also observe, on average, another 10 scenarios where they participate as an actor or observer. Throughout the scenarios, cadets are monitored by facilitators and are provided feedback relating to their performance. Following their scenario, cadets are required to prepare a mock investigative file which is reviewed by their facilitators.",
"The police defensive tactics component of the Cadet Training Program is designed to provide cadets with safe and effective techniques to manage policing-related incidents within the context of the RCMP Incident Management Intervention Model. The Model was designed based on the following principles:",
"Cadets learn and practice different techniques under a variety of simulated circumstances. The techniques taught include joint locks, take downs, use of O.C. spray, placement and removal of resistant suspects in/from vehicles, moving resistant suspects through doorways, stances, blocks, strikes, use of batons, carotid control hold, grappling, ground defence, body hold releases, handcuffing and searching suspects, and use of weapon defences.",
"The fitness component of the Cadet Training Program is designed to develop cadets' commitment to a life-long healthy lifestyle to ensure their physical and mental readiness for police duties. The program addresses issues of nutrition, and stress management. Cadets are taught safe and effective techniques to develop their resistance through weight training, anaerobic, aerobic and cardio-vascular-capabilities through a variety of methods. The on- site swimming pool is utilized to provide cadets a session on life savings skills, as well as circuit and interval training. Cadets also access the pool to complete mandatory fitness competencies and other exercises to assist in their recovery from training related injuries. The program is designed in two phases moving progressively from instructor-centred to learner-centred. Once cadets have learned appropriate physical training techniques, they establish in consultation with their instructors, fitness and lifestyle objectives and select those techniques and strategies best suited to them to maintain standards set. Cadets participate in a series of challenge exercises to understand their limits and use this knowledge in risk assessments when involved in policing situations. Cadets must meet the Physical Ability Requirements Examination (PARE) standard to successfully complete the program.",
"The Firearms curriculum covers handling firearms with safety and precision for public and police safety within the provisions of law and policy. Cadets must gain competency with the Force issued semi-automatic 9 mm pistol and the 12 gauge pump action shotgun. Firearms training simulators are also utilised to provide cadets with training specific to decision making in situations where firearms use may be warranted. Safe practices, accuracy and judgement making applying the RCMP Incident Management Intervention Model are all assessed.",
"The driver training curriculum is designed to provide cadets with police driving skills and related knowledge to ensure public and police safety while on patrol and when responding to incidents. Cadets learn to gather appropriate evidence to ensure the fair outcomes of investigations of traffic related incidents, and to identify opportunities for crime prevention while on patrol. They learn about the laws and policies pertaining to the use of police vehicles and driver- related offenses. Safe and effective handling of the police vehicle, appropriate use of police vehicle equipment, observational skills and use of the radio while driving are emphasized.",
"Opportunities are provided to apply knowledge and skills in situations calling for officer/violator contact, making sketches, taking measurements and photographs at scenes of motor vehicle accidents, identification and handling of traffic collision related-evidence and identification of preventive opportunities through good observational skills.",
"This component of the program is designed based on the assumption that basic driving and defensive driving skills have been obtained prior to entry in the Cadet Training Program. However, cadets' basic driving skills are constantly monitored to ensure that they are in fact safe and responsible drivers.",
"This component of the Cadet Training Program is designed to develop a sense of pride in self through professional deportment. Cadets are taught how to care for and maintain their kit and proper turn out in uniform and mufti.",
"Cadets are taught the importance of maintaining a clean and orderly dormitory out of respect for those who share their environment with them. They also learn etiquette and proper protocol in formal settings.",
"This program also aims at developing “esprit de corps” through precision team work in ceremonies and tactical-related exercises. Cadets learn to listen and respond to orders as would be required in situations of celebration, where the RCMP represents Canada on formal occasions, or in situations where public safety may be threatened by potential crowd violence. The skills learned are essential to professional client service."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cadet Training Program brief overview - Royal Canadian Mounted Police\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\nwww.rcmp.gc.ca\n\nSkip to content | Skip to institutional links\n\n# Common menu bar links\n\n * Français\n\n * Home\n\n * Contact Us\n\n * Help\n\n * Search\n\n * Canada.ca\n\nHome > Depot Division > Cadet Training Program brief overview\n\n# Institutional links\n\n### “Depot” Division\n\n * About “Depot” Division\n * News\n * Events\n * Learning Resource Centre\n\n#### Training\n\n * Cadet Training Program\n * National Law Enforcement Training\n * Police Dog Service Training Centre\n\n### National RCMP\n\n * About the RCMP\n * Newsroom\n * Careers\n\n#### Resources\n\n * Publications\n * Forms\n * Family Corner\n\n#### Navigate by\n\n * Services\n * Locations\n * A-Z site index\n\n### Proactive Disclosure\n\n * Acts and Regulations\n * Proactive Disclosure\n\n# Cadet Training Program brief overview\n\n## Program Training Standard\n\n### Cadet Training Program\n\nThe Cadet Training Program is an extensive 26-week basic training course,\noffered in both official languages. The cadet is part of a 32-member troop\nwhich is diverse in composition. Upon successfully completing the Cadet\nTraining Program, cadets may be offered employment as members of the RCMP and\ngiven peace officer status. Once employed, they must then complete a six-month\nField Coaching Program at selected training detachments where they are\ninvolved in everyday police duties under the supervision of a Field Coach.\n\nThe Cadet Training Program consists of 820 hours broken down as follows:\n\n * Applied Police Sciences: 432 hours\n * Firearms: 104 hours\n * Police Defensive Tactics / Immediate Action Rapid Deployment: 94 hours\n * Police Driving: 67 hours\n * Operational Conditioning: 45 hours\n * Drill and Deportment: 37 hours\n * Other: 41 hours\n\n### Program Objectives\n\nConsistent with the RCMP vision, mission and operational framework, and given\nthe competencies required for quality community policing, the following are\nthe objectives of the Cadet Training Program:\n\n 1. To promote among cadets a level of deportment as well as personal, professional and social conduct consistent with :\n\n 1. the RCMP code of conduct and\n 2. pride in self and the RCMP necessary for collaborative policing.\n 2. To facilitate the acquisition of knowledge and skills necessary for effective police–community interaction and problem solving by:\n\n 1. promoting an understanding of the importance of interaction with the community, of joint problem solving and demonstrating sensitivity and respect for diversity;\n 2. instilling the attitudes necessary for demonstrating sensitivity and respect;\n 3. developing the skills and knowledge necessary to identify, define and assess problems of interest to the community and the police;\n 4. identifying innovative community-based resolutions to those problems and assessing the effectiveness of the resolutions; and\n 5. fostering an attitude of life-long learning.\n 3. To facilitate the acquisition of knowledge of the law necessary to:\n\n 1. the effective fulfilment of police duties,\n 2. the exercise of discretion consistent with the RCMP code of conduct and commitment to community policing; and\n 3. support police accountability.\n 4. To facilitate the acquisition of communication skills (electronic, verbal and written) required for effective community policing so that cadets:\n\n 1. can successfully complete scenarios which require community interaction and a demonstration of understanding, sensitivity to and respect for the crime-related problems of interest to the community;\n 2. can collect and analyse information necessary for identifying, analysing, resolving and evaluating crime and related problems;\n 3. can effectively, orally and in writing, present information in a manner that stands up to the scrutiny of the courts;\n 4. make effective and efficient use of RCMP information and communications technology and systems necessary to RCMP operations; and\n 5. maintain accurate, complete and concise records necessary to fulfil the requirements of accountability.\n 5. To facilitate the acquisition of technical skills and knowledge related to:\n\n 1. effective and safe management of evidence, exhibits and crime scenes consistent with the requirements of the law, the RCMP code of conduct and policy and principles of community policing;\n 2. safe and competent driving;\n 3. safe and proficient handling of firearms as appropriate within the law and policy;\n 4. safe and effective application of self-defence techniques;\n 5. physical and mental well being; and\n 6. improved life style in order to ensure the least intrusive intervention necessary to manage risk and that the least harm or damage is caused.\n 6. To facilitate the acquisition of knowledge and skills for applying approved techniques using appropriate intervention and incident management, conflict avoidance and resolution strategies and appropriate levels of force in view of enhanced public and police safety.\n 7. To facilitate the understanding of policing as a fulfilling career and its implications for cadets and their families.\n\n### The Operational Framework: CAPRA\n\nThe CAPRA Model is an operational application of the RCMP's vision and\nmission. It combines the RCMP's commitment to communities and clients, problem\nsolving in partnership and continuous learning. The CAPRA Model helped to\ndefine the competencies necessary for effective community policing.\n\nThe acronym CAPRA stands for:\n\nC = Clients A = Acquiring and analysing information P = Partnership R =\nResponse A = Assessment for continuous improvement\n\n### Program Design\n\nThe design of the curriculum and the methodologies for delivery are based on\nthe competency requirements identified for quality community policing.\n\n#### A. Client-centred\n\nThe primary beneficiary of policing is always the community and the taxpayer\nthrough service, protection, enforcement and prevention. A client-driven\napproach recognizes that individuals or communities seeking help, victims of\ncrime, witnesses and suspects as clients all deserve a level of service that\nis professional, ethical, lawful, sensitive and respectful and consistent with\nthe public interest. A client-centred approach emphasizes the importance of\norganizing policing around the needs of the community and individual clients\nrather than around policing disciplines or functions.\n\n#### B. Integrated Problem-based Approach\n\nThe client-centred curriculum is designed to teach policing through\nintegrated, life-like situations where the needs, expectations and demands of\nclients vary. Problem solving approaches are based on the assumption that the\nrelatively automatic application of rules and procedures will be inadequate\nfor achieving the more demanding objectives of community policing.\n\nCadets learn by solving problems through research and information gathering\nand group problem solving exercises supplemented by lecture and/or\ndemonstration performance, as appropriate. Case studies provide learning\nopportunities in which cadets can integrate the knowledge and skills necessary\nto manage real police situations in a manner consistent with the directions\nand priorities of the RCMP. The problem-based, scenario approach provides the\ncadets with opportunities to learn the complexities of policing situations, to\ndiscuss alternative responses, to develop techniques for handling varied\nsituations and to engage in cooperative problem solving. Rather than be\ninstructed on a particular content area, students learn to apply all content\nareas related to a particular type of incident or situation. The program,\ntherefore, is learner-centred rather than instructor-centred. This approach\nexpects more from cadets; it expects them to take responsibility for learning.\n\nScenarios are designed to support incident-based approaches to service,\nprotection, enforcement and prevention, but are also designed to promote a\nproblem solving approach, emphasizing skills and techniques in the\nidentification of problems, problem analysis and response, and evaluation and\nassessment. Cadets have the opportunity to work through scenarios individually\nand collectively. They identify skills and knowledge requirements to proceed.\nTo gain the skills and knowledge, various methods are used including: group\nproblem solving strategies, discussions, panel presentations, joint problem\nsolving sessions with experts, research, performance/demonstration, lectures,\nexercises, role plays, individualized instruction modules, multi-media modules\nand videos. The problem solving approach requires that students learn what\nthey need to know to proceed with their investigations and preventive problem\nsolving initiatives. Cadets have the opportunity to practice skills learned\nand are encouraged to practice on their own time as well.\n\nScenarios were developed by a variety of experts including subject matter\nexperts, experts in policing, educators and community resource people.\nInvolving outside resource people in the development of the scenarios helped\nto ensure the best possible feedback from the perspective of our clients and\ncolleagues in the justice system and experts in crime and human behaviour.\n\n### Program Delivery\n\nTraining is delivered in a manner that supports the principles of community\npolicing and the principles of adult learning where applicable. Teams of\nfacilitators with varied expertise facilitate and help to integrate the\nlearning. In some cases, facilitators are cross-trained in one or more skills\nareas and therefore participate in different aspects of the cadets’ training.\nTypically, more than one instructor facilitates discussions and participates\nin debriefing in a particular class at the same time. Also, members of the\ncommunity are invited to sit on panels to problem-solve and discuss with\ncadets issues of crime prevention and protection that arise out of their\nscenarios, from a multi disciplinary, inter-agency perspective. This allows\ncadets to more fully comprehend how their involvement in and with community\ngroups will result in efficient delivery of quality service.\n\n### Assessment\n\nThe assessment process is ongoing and multi-faceted including written, oral,\ndemonstration performance and role play methodologies. All assessment methods\nassess the competencies defined as necessary to policing, covering conduct,\nknowledge and performance. The professional standard of performance expected\nfor each competency is defined in behavioural terms. These standards are\nprovided to the cadets at the outset of the Cadet Training Program and form\nthe basis for self, peer and facilitator assessments. These professional\nstandards (Criteria for Assessment Sheets) are included in the Cadet\nAssessment Procedures.\n\nFeedback may be provided on any competency at any time, if observed as needing\nimprovement or as superior. Each session also specifically addresses\nparticular competencies and various aspects of those competencies. Feedback is\nprovided through the use of Learning Feedback Sheets and Cadet Performance\nFeedback Sheets. Learning Feedback Sheets are used by peers and facilitators\nto provide comments on performance while a cadet is learning a skill or\nknowledge. Cadet Performance Feedback sheets provide ratings and comments on\nperformance once skills and knowledge have been practised.\n\nCadets must achieve the \"professional\" level of performance in all\ncompetencies to graduate. The Cadet Training Program Assessment Procedures\ndocument specifies conditions under which early termination of cadets\ncontracts can result. Based on the needs of the RCMP and the successful\ncompletion of the Cadet Training Program, cadets are hired as regular members\nof the RCMP.\n\n### Accommodation\n\nWhile at “Depot” Division, cadets live in modern barracks. Meals and\naccommodation costs are covered by the RCMP. Sports and recreation facilities\nare available.\n\n### Pay and Benefits\n\nCadets receive an allowance while they are participating in the Cadet Training\nProgram. Upon successful completion of training at the Academy, cadets become\nLevel 3 Constables and receive the medical and dental coverage benefits of the\nRCMP. Pension contributions commence and a life insurance plan is available at\na reasonable cost. Upon successful completion of the Field Coaching Program,\nmembers are promoted to Level 2 Constables and receive a salary raise. With a\nsuccessful assessment at the end of the probationary period, a promotion to\nLevel 1 and another increase in salary is received.\n\n### Applied Police Sciences\n\nThe Applied Police Sciences team is committed to providing an optimum learning\nenvironment where candidates acquire the knowledge and problem solving skills\nto address the needs of the community through the creation of partnerships.\n\nThe Program is divided into fifteen modules. Each module is typically built\naround one scenario. Each module contains problem solving (CAPRA) strategies\nas well as content objectives. Cadets must successfully pass a midterm and\nfinal exam.\n\n#### Detachment visits\n\nThe detachment visits are designed to allow cadets the opportunity to apply\nknowledge and skills learned through practical situations/scenarios. Each\ntroop has the opportunity to take part in three detachment visits: the First\nDetachment Visit takes place at week 12; the Second Detachment Visit takes\nplace during week 17; and the Final Detachment Practice occurs during week 22.\nThe Final Detachment Practice prepares cadets for their Final Detachment Test\nscenario which occurs in week 23 of the program. Application of the CAPRA\nproblem solving model is integral to the successful conclusion of each\nscenario. During the First and Second Detachments, cadets participate as a\npolice officer on four different two-hour investigative scenarios. Cadets also\nobserve, on average, another 10 scenarios where they participate as an actor\nor observer. Throughout the scenarios, cadets are monitored by facilitators\nand are provided feedback relating to their performance. Following their\nscenario, cadets are required to prepare a mock investigative file which is\nreviewed by their facilitators.\n\n### Police Defensive Tactics\n\nThe police defensive tactics component of the Cadet Training Program is\ndesigned to provide cadets with safe and effective techniques to manage\npolicing-related incidents within the context of the RCMP Incident Management\nIntervention Model. The Model was designed based on the following principles:\n\n 1. The primary objective of any intervention is public safety;\n 2. Police officer safety is essential to public safety;\n 3. The intervention model must always be applied in the context of a careful risk assessment;\n 4. Risk assessment must take into account the likelihood and extent of life loss, injury and damage to property;\n 5. Risk assessment is a continuous process and risk management must evolve as situations change;\n 6. The best strategy is the least intrusive intervention necessary to manage risk;\n 7. The best intervention causes the least harm or damage.\n\nCadets learn and practice different techniques under a variety of simulated\ncircumstances. The techniques taught include joint locks, take downs, use of\nO.C. spray, placement and removal of resistant suspects in/from vehicles,\nmoving resistant suspects through doorways, stances, blocks, strikes, use of\nbatons, carotid control hold, grappling, ground defence, body hold releases,\nhandcuffing and searching suspects, and use of weapon defences.\n\n### Operational Conditioning\n\nThe fitness component of the Cadet Training Program is designed to develop\ncadets' commitment to a life-long healthy lifestyle to ensure their physical\nand mental readiness for police duties. The program addresses issues of\nnutrition, and stress management. Cadets are taught safe and effective\ntechniques to develop their resistance through weight training, anaerobic,\naerobic and cardio-vascular-capabilities through a variety of methods. The on-\nsite swimming pool is utilized to provide cadets a session on life savings\nskills, as well as circuit and interval training. Cadets also access the pool\nto complete mandatory fitness competencies and other exercises to assist in\ntheir recovery from training related injuries. The program is designed in two\nphases moving progressively from instructor-centred to learner-centred. Once\ncadets have learned appropriate physical training techniques, they establish\nin consultation with their instructors, fitness and lifestyle objectives and\nselect those techniques and strategies best suited to them to maintain\nstandards set. Cadets participate in a series of challenge exercises to\nunderstand their limits and use this knowledge in risk assessments when\ninvolved in policing situations. Cadets must meet the Physical Ability\nRequirements Examination (PARE) standard to successfully complete the program.\n\n### Firearms\n\nThe Firearms curriculum covers handling firearms with safety and precision for\npublic and police safety within the provisions of law and policy. Cadets must\ngain competency with the Force issued semi-automatic 9 mm pistol and the 12\ngauge pump action shotgun. Firearms training simulators are also utilised to\nprovide cadets with training specific to decision making in situations where\nfirearms use may be warranted. Safe practices, accuracy and judgement making\napplying the RCMP Incident Management Intervention Model are all assessed.\n\n### Police Driving\n\nThe driver training curriculum is designed to provide cadets with police\ndriving skills and related knowledge to ensure public and police safety while\non patrol and when responding to incidents. Cadets learn to gather appropriate\nevidence to ensure the fair outcomes of investigations of traffic related\nincidents, and to identify opportunities for crime prevention while on patrol.\nThey learn about the laws and policies pertaining to the use of police\nvehicles and driver- related offenses. Safe and effective handling of the\npolice vehicle, appropriate use of police vehicle equipment, observational\nskills and use of the radio while driving are emphasized.\n\nOpportunities are provided to apply knowledge and skills in situations calling\nfor officer/violator contact, making sketches, taking measurements and\nphotographs at scenes of motor vehicle accidents, identification and handling\nof traffic collision related-evidence and identification of preventive\nopportunities through good observational skills.\n\nThis component of the program is designed based on the assumption that basic\ndriving and defensive driving skills have been obtained prior to entry in the\nCadet Training Program. However, cadets' basic driving skills are constantly\nmonitored to ensure that they are in fact safe and responsible drivers.\n\n### Drill and Deportment Unit\n\nThis component of the Cadet Training Program is designed to develop a sense of\npride in self through professional deportment. Cadets are taught how to care\nfor and maintain their kit and proper turn out in uniform and mufti.\n\nCadets are taught the importance of maintaining a clean and orderly dormitory\nout of respect for those who share their environment with them. They also\nlearn etiquette and proper protocol in formal settings.\n\nThis program also aims at developing “esprit de corps” through precision team\nwork in ceremonies and tactical-related exercises. Cadets learn to listen and\nrespond to orders as would be required in situations of celebration, where the\nRCMP represents Canada on formal occasions, or in situations where public\nsafety may be threatened by potential crowd violence. The skills learned are\nessential to professional client service.\n\nDate Modified: 2019-07-03\n\nTop of Page\n\nImportant Notices\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rec/requirements-exigences-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160105201346/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca/recruiting-recrutement/rec/requirements-exigences-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Qualifications and requirements",
"passages": [
"The RCMP is seeking highly motivated team players who possess strong leadership abilities, from a wide range of backgrounds. All applicants are expected to reflect the core values of the RCMP (integrity, honesty, professionalism, compassion, respect and accountability).",
"Lastly, police officers must be of good character. At several stages during the recruiting process, you will be made aware of the behavior standards which will be expected of you throughout the application process and your career as a police officer of the RCMP. As a police officer, you will have a significant role in building and maintaining the public trust by upholding the highest ethical standards both while performing your duties and while you are off- duty.",
"Participated in any criminal behaviour or activity – whether you have been arrested and/or charged or not – within at least one (1) year of the date of application.",
"Criminal behaviours and activities include, but are not limited to, non-medical drug/steroids use, theft, prostitution, solicitation for the purpose of prostitution, assault, and impaired driving.",
"Participate in any criminal behavior or activity – whether you have been arrested and/or charged or not – in Canada or abroad.",
"Criminal behaviours and activities include, but are not limited to, non-medical drug/steroids use, theft, prostitution, solicitation for the purpose of prostitution, assault, and impaired driving.",
"No matter how well qualified, an individual who cannot be trusted to carry out his/her tasks honestly and reliably will not be hired.",
"If you want to learn more about a career with the RCMP, attend a recruiting event. Held across the country, recruiting events provide an opportunity to meet a recruiter and have your questions answered."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Qualifications and requirements\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# Qualifications and requirements\n\nThe RCMP is seeking highly motivated team players who possess strong\nleadership abilities, from a wide range of backgrounds. All applicants are\nexpected to reflect the core values of the RCMP (integrity, honesty,\nprofessionalism, compassion, respect and accountability).\n\nDuring your application process you will be required to provide certain\ndocuments and agree to certain conditions.\n\n## Application requirements\n\nTo apply as a police officer of the RCMP you must:\n\nLastly, police officers must be of good character. At several stages during\nthe recruiting process, you will be made aware of the behavior standards which\nwill be expected of you throughout the application process and your career as\na police officer of the RCMP. As a police officer, you will have a significant\nrole in building and maintaining the public trust by upholding the highest\nethical standards both while performing your duties and while you are off-\nduty.\n\nTo apply as a police officer, you must not have:\n\n * Any matters pending or before a criminal court.\n * Been convicted of a criminal offence for which you have not received a pardon/records suspension.\n * Participated – whether you have been arrested and/or charged or not – in any serious criminal behaviour or activity.\n\n * Examples of serious criminal offences include, but are not limited to:\n\n * Murder and manslaughter\n * Sexual assault\n * Production or distribution of child pornography\n * Sexual exploitation, violence, abuse or neglect towards children and/or vulnerable adults\n * Terrorist activities\n * Participation with any organized criminal group\n * Benefiting from the trafficking, importing, unlawful manufacturing or unlawful cultivating of illegal drugs\n * Arson resulting in loss of life or substantial damage\n * Forcible confinement\n * Robbery\n * Any crime committed with a facial covering and/or weapon\n * Participated in any criminal behaviour or activity – whether you have been arrested and/or charged or not – within at least one (1) year of the date of application.\n\n * Criminal behaviours and activities include, but are not limited to, non-medical drug/steroids use, theft, prostitution, solicitation for the purpose of prostitution, assault, and impaired driving.\n * Been dishonorably discharged or dismissed, including released for misconduct, from another police, military, or law enforcement organization.\n * Any pending and/or current personal bankruptcies or consumer proposals.\n\nDuring the application process, you must not:\n\n * Participate in any criminal behavior or activity – whether you have been arrested and/or charged or not – in Canada or abroad.\n\n * Criminal behaviours and activities include, but are not limited to, non-medical drug/steroids use, theft, prostitution, solicitation for the purpose of prostitution, assault, and impaired driving.\n * Cheat on any portion of the RCMP application process, including using counter-measures during the polygraph examination.\n\nFor all past actions, some of the things we consider in determining\nsuitability are:\n\n * How serious was it?\n * How often did you behave this way?\n * Under what circumstances, what was the situation, where this happened?\n * What was your intent?\n * Do you regret it?\n * How much time has passed since this behaviour occurred, or when the offence was committed?\n * How old were you at the time?\n * How have you behaved since that time, or since the time of the last incident?\n\nNo matter how well qualified, an individual who cannot be trusted to carry out\nhis/her tasks honestly and reliably will not be hired.\n\nDo you have what it takes to be a police officer? Find out how to apply now.\n\nIf you want to learn more about a career with the RCMP, attend a recruiting\nevent. Held across the country, recruiting events provide an opportunity to\nmeet a recruiter and have your questions answered.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2015-11-26\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://police.windsor.on.ca/careers/officers-cadets/Pages/Hiring-Process.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417102643/https://police.windsor.on.ca/careers/officers-cadets/Pages/Hiring-Process.aspx",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Hiring Process",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Hiring Process\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/interview-entrevue-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160210052219/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/interview-entrevue-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Regular Member Selection Interview",
"passages": [
"The goal of the selection interview is to determine if you have the essential organizational competencies for successful performance as a police officer.",
"The Preparatory Guide for the Regular Member Selection Interview will help to make you more aware of what will happen at this step of the recruitment process and provide you with tips on how to prepare for the interview."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Regular Member Selection Interview\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# Regular Member Selection Interview\n\n## What is the Regular Member Selection Interview?\n\nThe goal of the selection interview is to determine if you have the essential\norganizational competencies for successful performance as a police officer.\n\nThe competencies are:\n\n * Developing self\n * Flexibility\n * Problem Solving\n * Conscientiousness and Reliability\n * Meeting Client Needs\n * Communication\n * Teamwork\n * Self Control and Composure\n\n## How do I prepare?\n\nThe Preparatory Guide for the Regular Member Selection Interview will help to\nmake you more aware of what will happen at this step of the recruitment\nprocess and provide you with tips on how to prepare for the interview.\n\n## I was successful in the selection interview. What happens next?\n\nApplicants who successfully complete the selection interview will be contacted\nto proceed to the Pre-Employment Polygraph.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2015-10-26\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.cpc.gc.ca:80/en/registration",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170615205552/http://www.cpc.gc.ca:80/en/registration",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Canadian Red Cross",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Registration | Canadian Police College\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to footer\n\nCanadian Police College\n\n## Search\n\n# Registration\n\n## Participants from Canadian Police Services\n\nIf you are from a recognized Canadian police service and would like to attend\na Canadian Police College (CPC) course, please contact your police\nservice/agency/government department’s training officer who will process the\napplication. Please note that the CPC does not accept requests directly from\nindividual police officers.\n\nTo register for a course, you must meet the Course Selection Criteria as\noutlined in each course description, and your training officer must complete\nall sections of the CPC Registration form (PDF - 969kb), have it authorized,\nand send it by Fax or E-mail - along with any required document (i.e. pre-\ncourse test results, letter of support, etc) - to the CPC Registrar.\n\nPlease submit completed form to CPC Registrar by:\n\nFAX: (613) 993-9454\n\ne-mail: CPCregistrar@rcmp-grc.gc.ca\n\nFor more questions, please dial: (613) 993-6033\n\n## Participants from Canadian Government Agencies (Federal, Provincial and\nMunicipal) and Accredited Private-Sector Agencies with an Investigative\nMandate\n\nAlthough the majority of Canadian Police College (CPC) participants work at a\npolice service, there are a few courses that apply to people who work for\nCanadian agencies and/or other government departments. Please note that the\nCPC only accepts requests from the agency/government department’s training\nofficer - not from individual employees.\n\nIf your agency has not attended a particular course in the past, please have\nyour training officer send a written request to the attention of the CPC\nRegistrar, in order to determine if you and your agency or government\ndepartment meet the selection criteria.\n\nThe letter should be written on your agency or government department’s\nofficial letterhead and include the following information:\n\n * the purpose of your agency or department\n * the type of work that you do\n * how does the work you do relate to police services\n * the name of the course you are interested in\n * the name of the main contact person within your organization for any future correspondence (include the phone and fax numbers, and an e-mail address).\n\nA CPC Registration form (PDF - 969kb) and a FIS form (PDF - 17kb) [Government\nof Canada only] will be required.\n\n## Participants from Foreign Countries\n\nIf you are from a police service outside Canada and wish to register for a\ncourse at the Canadian Police College (CPC), please have your police service\nmake the request to the Canadian embassy in your country or nearest to your\ncountry. The request must be directed to the attention of the Royal Canadian\nMounted Police Liaison Officer. The Liaison Officer will forward the request\nthrough the RCMP’s International Training Branch for consideration by the\nCanadian Police College.\n\nIf a position is available and you meet the Course Selection Criteria, your\nregistration will be accepted. However, please note that members of Canadian\npolice services are given priority to attend CPC courses. As such, your\nrequest may need to be placed on a wait-list. If this happens, you may be\noffered the opportunity to replace an international participant who has\ncancelled a position on a course, or your request may be considered for a\nfuture course date.\n\nFor further information, please contact the Registrar at the CPC.\n\nHelp on accessing alternative formats, such as Portable Document Format (PDF),\ncan be obtained in the alternate format section of the Help page.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2016-02-11\n\n## Footer\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.redcross.ca/training-and-certification/course-descriptions/first-aid-at-home-courses/cpr/aed",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210128063431/https://www.redcross.ca/training-and-certification/course-descriptions/first-aid-at-home-courses/cpr/aed",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Prepare for PARE",
"passages": [
"The Physical Abilities Requirement Evaluation (PARE) is used in the selection process of RCMP applicants. PARE is an occupational test used to assess a person's ability to perform the physical demands of police work. It requires you to be in good physical shape. You need to have a fit cardiovascular system as well as good muscular strength and endurance.",
"You are encouraged to be prepared prior to applying and you should be physically active for at least 4-6 weeks; including:",
"Applicants must obtain a PARE certification by completing an obstacle course and push/pull sections in 4:45 minutes or less. The weight carry section is not timed.",
"At Depot, Cadets must successfully complete the PARE in 4:00 minutes or less. It is therefore important to maintain and improve your fitness level throughout the application process."
]
},
"parsed_md": "CPR/AED - Canadian Red Cross\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/pare-tape-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151128121131/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/pare-tape-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Preparatory Guide for the Regular Member Selection Interview",
"passages": [
"The purpose of the Preparatory Guide for the Regular Member Selection Interview (RMSI) is to make you more aware of what will happen at this step of the recruitment process. It provides you with tips on how to prepare for the interview and is intended to help minimize any anxiety you might have. The ultimate goal of this guide is to help you perform at your best during the interview, as this will enable us to get the most accurate information about your potential to perform successfully as an RCMP constable.",
"The RMSI is the interview guide used by the RCMP to select applicants for RCMP Cadet Training. In the RCMP recruitment process, the selection interview usually takes place after the RCMP Police Aptitude Test (RPAT) and the Physical Ability Requirement Evaluation (PARE). The selection interview is found by many to be the most challenging stage of the selection process. However, if you carefully plan for the interview, it can turn out to be a positive experience.",
"A careful analysis of the functions and duties of an RCMP constable was carried out to identify the qualities required to do this job well. The RMSI questions were developed based on this analysis. The goal of the interview is to determine if you possess the qualities that have been identified as necessary to perform successfully as an RCMP police officer. The RMSI contains two types of questions. The first set of questions is the behavioural component of the interview. These questions focus on gathering examples of how you have performed in different situations in the past. These questions are fairly general so that applicants from a wide variety of backgrounds can relate to, and describe, pertinent experiences.",
"People often have to persevere to overcome obstacles. Please tell me about a time when you had to face such a situation.",
"In your answer, you can refer to experiences from a variety of contexts (school, work, volunteering, sports, etc.). The second set of questions in the interview focuses on gathering information about how you would act in hypothetical situations that are similar in quality to those you would likely experience as an RCMP constable. For these questions, you will be presented with a hypothetical situation and then asked to describe in detail what you would do in this circumstance. You will also be asked to explain the reasoning behind your intended behaviour(s), including the factors you took into consideration when deciding what actions you would (or would not) take.",
"These situational questions are included in the interview so that applicants from a wide variety of backgrounds have the chance to demonstrate how they would perform in a situation they may not have actually experienced in the past. Here is an example of this type of question:",
"You are a member of a soccer team. During an important game, the referee makes a bad call against your team, which leads to the other team scoring a game- winning goal. After the goal is scored, four of your teammates and your coach begin to argue with the referee and players of the other team. The argument is becoming very heated, but you believe that what your coach and teammates are saying is correct and that the referee ́s call was very unfair. What would you do in this situation, and why?",
"The duration of the selection interview will vary from one applicant to another, but the average length is two to three hours, unless you answer \"no\" to one of the five \"Essential Job Requirements\" questions that are asked at the beginning of the interview. In that case, the interview, as well as the recruitment process, will automatically end.",
"If you answer \"yes\" to all of the \"Essential Job Requirements\" questions, the interviewer will continue with the interview questions. Keep in mind that you will be held to your answers given to the \"Essential Job Requirements\" questions (e.g., you really should be prepared to be posted anywhere in Canada if you answer \"yes \" to this question).",
"Are you prepared to carry a firearm and to use it or any other necessary physical force in the performance of your duties?",
"The RMSI assesses eight competencies (qualities) considered essential to perform successfully as an RCMP officer. The goal of the interview is to determine to what extent you possess these competencies. Each competency is defined below:",
"Recognizes personal strengths and learning needs and engages in self- development opportunities to achieve full potential in current and future roles. Honestly self-assesses performance and continually strives to learn and develop.",
"Considers, adopts and changes behaviours in light of new ideas or work methods, and works effectively within a variety of situations and with various individuals or groups of diverse backgrounds and experience. Demonstrates a positive attitude and open-mindedness when faced with change. Can change gears or drop tasks unexpectedly when circumstances demand it.",
"Systematically analyzes and breaks down problems, risks, opportunities and issues into component parts. Identifies appropriate solutions and makes timely decisions and actions. Understands cause-and-effect chains and relationships.",
"Fulfills commitments in a professional, thorough and consistent manner through self-discipline and a sense of duty. Shows strong attention to detail and a focus on quality. Independently produces consistent, high-quality results",
"Shows a desire to identify, meet or exceed internal and external client needs and expectations. Has a genuine desire to help or serve others, or act on behalf of others being served.",
"Effectively receives and conveys ideas and information in a way that increases the understanding of the target audience. Can communicate effectively and interactively with others.",
"Achieves common goals by working cooperatively with others and developing a positive work climate. Acts to facilitate the operation of teams of which he or she is a member.",
"Keeps emotions under control and restrains negative actions when provoked or faced with opposition or hostility from others, or when working under increasing levels of stress. Maintains stamina and concentration under continuing stress. Refrains from acting on strong emotions such as anger. Is able to stay effective when faced with heavy or long term stresses or challenges.",
"Before applying for a job, it is always wise to research the organization to which you are applying. This will help you to determine if the responsibilities, culture, and working conditions of that occupation will suit you. Reading relevant documentation and talking with RCMP officers about cadet training and the experiences they encounter during their work will help you to form a realistic idea of an RCMP police officer ́s job. This will help you to more easily adapt to cadet training and likely increase your job satisfaction later on.",
"The interview focuses on your own capabilities: How you have demonstrated them in the past, and how you would demonstrate them in hypothetical but realistic situations. The interview does not assess how much you know about legal or policing issues, or the RCMP itself. Therefore, there is no essential material to learn before the interview. Still, there are several steps you can take ahead of time to prepare yourself for the interview:",
"Break up each competency definition into its different components and ask yourself, \"When did I have to demonstrate this part of the definition? \" For example: \"When did I have to work as part of a team?\"",
"Try to use challenging AND recent situations as examples. If your best example for a question happened five years ago, use it, but keep in mind that the more recent the example the better. The interviewer wants to know if you are using your skills and abilities now.",
"You do not have to use work examples, particularly if the best example you can think of for a question did not take place at work. You can also use the same example to answer more than one question, if different aspects of that example can be used to answer different questions.",
"Many people make the mistake of neglecting very relevant life experiences, just because they did not take place in full-time job setting. However, you may have acquired and demonstrated the required competencies through a wide variety of activities.",
"So when preparing for the interview, take time to reflect on your past and pick behavioural examples that most closely relate to each of the competencies. The following list provides some examples of activities you may have participated in that could provide some excellent answers to the interview questions:",
"Projects undertaken in school (term projects, extracurricular activities such as the student newspaper, student clubs/ associations, organization of events, etc.)",
"To make a fair assessment of your actions in the examples you describe, the interviewer needs to get a complete description of the circumstances, the actions you took, and the result of these actions. We call this structure the STAR principle. If you practice describing your past experiences according to this structure,your answers will flow more easily and you will be less likely to leave out important information.",
"S What was the situation? Clearly and concisely set out the situation surrounding your example. Do not overdo it or the interviewer will prompt you to get to the point!",
"T What was the task you were called upon to do? What was yourspecific challenge? Try to keep referring to yourself. The interviewer wants to hear about your role in this situation.",
"The situational questions are based on the same competencies as the behavioural questions, so review the relevant behavioural examples that you have identified. Think about the effective and ineffective actions you took in those situations, and whether there were any problems, frustrations and conflicts. What did you learn? What would you do differently if you were in those situations again? What behaviours did you perform that could be applied to different situations (e.g., asking others who are knowledgeable for advice in a problem solving situation)?",
"For the situational questions, the interviewer needs to get a complete description of the actions that you would take (or not take), and the reasoning process that you used to make your decisions, including the factors you took into consideration. This is reflected in the ARC principle. If you approach situational questions with this structure in mind, you will be less likely to leave out important information that the interviewer needs to know.",
"It is a good idea to write down a summary of examples that highlight your skills, abilities and experiences. Review them periodically to refresh your memory (some people use index cards). When you write out your examples, try to structure them according to the STAR principle, and think about how they could apply to other situations. Please note that candidates are NOT allowed to consult their preparatory materials during the course of the interview.",
"Conduct a practice interview with a friend. You can prepare interview questions using the competency definitions (e.g., \"Tell me about a time when you had to ...\"). This will give you the opportunity to get some feedback on your answers regarding clarity and level of detail (i.e., too much, not enough).",
"Be enthusiastic and confident, but keep in mind that this is a formal meeting, where being composed, courteous and friendly is always the best policy. The way you handle the interview provides an indication of your interpersonal and communication skills, and the interviewer will take this into account in his/her evaluation.",
"Answer the questions directly. There is a fine line between appropriate detail and long-winded responses. Formulating your answers according to the STAR and ARC principles will help you with this.",
"The interview is not a race. Take your time to collect yourself, think, formulate your answer, then talk. You can use note paper to quickly jot down what you want to say or important parts of the question.",
"Be a good listener. Do not hesitate to occasionally ask questions if you do not understand what the interviewer is asking you. However, try to avoid having every question repeated to you. Listening is an important part of oral communication, which is assessed during the interview. For this reason, you should not use this as a stalling tactic either (i.e., to gain time to think about your answer).",
"Do not panic if you cannot answer a question. You can \"pass\" on a question and come back to it later, and will not be penalized for doing so. If you draw a blank, as all of us sometimes do, just say: \"I can't think of anything right now, can we come back to that question later?\"",
"Being unable to answer a question does not mean that you will automatically fail the interview. The score that you receive for each competency and the overall pass or fail recommendation will be based on all of the information that you provide to all of the questions. Also, being unable to answer a question is unlikely to happen often, as the questions are designed to be general so that they can apply to everybody.",
"Occasionally, the interviewer might ask you for another example, even after you have fully answered a question. This does not necessarily mean that your previous answer was unsatisfactory. The interviewer may simply want more (or more recent) information about that particular competency.",
"Learn from the interviewer. If you are asked to provide more information about the situation for one question, try to give more detail about the context when you answer the next question. Or if the interviewer interrupted you while you were talking, try to be more concise in your next answer.",
"Do not make up answers! Interviewers have been trained to probe for additional detail and any misinformation is likely to be detected. The interviewers are police officers who are experienced in verifying the accuracy of what they are being told. The interviewer may ask you to provide the names and contact information of people who can verify the situations you describe. Any attempt to lie or deliberately omit relevant information will result in your removal from further consideration for employment within the RCMP.",
"The interviewer's job is to gather the information required to make an informed decision about whether or not to recommend that you continue in the selection process. For that reason, the interviewer will be taking a lot of notes during the interview, and you will not get as much eye contact as you would in a normal conversation. This extensive note-taking is for your benefit and the interviewer's benefit: the interviewer needs to capture your answers in as much detail as possible in order to give you a fair rating. The interviewer often may continue writing after you have finished speaking. You can use this time to \"rest up\" and organize your thoughts.",
"You can also make brief notes during the interview to organize your answers. However, at the end of the interview the interviewer will collect all of the notes that you have made in order to preserve the confidentiality of the RMSI questions.",
"From time to time, the interviewer will ask you questions to clarify something you have said or to have you provide a more complete answer. For example, he or she might request further details about your individual contribution to a team project you have described. Interviewers ask these additional questions to obtain the most complete and accurate picture of your past experiences.",
"Once the interview is over, the interviewer will rate your answers against a predetermined structured scoring key. This ensures that everyone is evaluated the same way and against the same standards.",
"You must successfully pass the RMSI in order to proceed in the recruiting process. After passing the interview, you still have to successfully complete other steps, including a background investigation and a medical/dental exam. If necessary, you may also write a language test (second language) and/or take another PARE test. Contact your recruiting officer for more details on these steps of the process.",
"The purpose of the feedback session is to provide you with the interviewer's decision about whether or not you have been recommended for further processing. The interviewer will also give you a brief explanation for the ratings that they have assigned. It is important to remember that when the interviewer meets with you to give you feedback, his or her final decision has already been made. The decision is not open to debate. If you do not pass the RMSI, the interviewer will explain to you the reasons why. Please note that if you fail the selection interview, you will have to wait one year from the date of your interview before you can be interviewed again.",
"The interviewer will ask that you not discuss the content of the interview with anyone else, and will also gather any notes you may have taken during the interview. It is in your best interest, of course, not to advantage other applicants by revealing the interview questions. The interview questions are protected information and cannot be communicated to any other person, including members of the RCMP. The interviewer will ask you to sign a security acknowledgment form to this effect. Evidence that you have discussed the interview questions with other individuals will disqualify you from the selection process and may result in civil action. This is necessary to ensure fairness for all applicants.",
"It is normal to be nervous at a job interview. However, you need to minimize this nervousness to perform your best. The best way to do this is to prepare ahead of time. The following tips may help:",
"Make sure to get enough sleep and to eat well the night before the interview. If you are tired, you will have trouble recalling your best incidents, or all of the specific details the interviewer needs.",
"Give yourself plenty of time to arrive at the interview site. If you are worried about arriving late, you will be nervous when you get there. Become familiar in advance with the route you will travel to the interview. It maybe a good idea to make a trial run the day before, to get a general idea of how long it takes to get to there, where to park if you have a car, etc.",
"Your goal should only be to do your best. The less pressure you put on yourself, the less nervous you will be,and the better able you will be to demonstrate your skills and abilities.",
"Remember that the goal of the interview is not to trick or confuse you, but simply to see if you possess the qualities required of RCMP officers."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Prepare for PARE\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# Prepare for PARE\n\n## Learn more\n\n12 Week Fitness Program\n\n## PARE videos\n\nPARE Demonstration PARE Animation\n\n## Get fit and get ready\n\nThe Physical Abilities Requirement Evaluation (PARE) is used in the selection\nprocess of RCMP applicants. PARE is an occupational test used to assess a\nperson's ability to perform the physical demands of police work. It requires\nyou to be in good physical shape. You need to have a fit cardiovascular system\nas well as good muscular strength and endurance.\n\nYou are encouraged to be prepared prior to applying and you should be\nphysically active for at least 4-6 weeks; including:\n\n * 3 to 5 cardiovascular training sessions per week, and\n * 2 to 3 resistance training sessions per week\n\nApplicants must obtain a PARE certification by completing an obstacle course\nand push/pull sections in 4:45 minutes or less. The weight carry section is\nnot timed.\n\n## The importance of maintaining and improving your fitness level\n\nAt Depot, Cadets must successfully complete the PARE in 4:00 minutes or less.\nIt is therefore important to maintain and improve your fitness level\nthroughout the application process.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2014-10-16\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/prep-interview-entrevue-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151130030910/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/prep-interview-entrevue-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pre-Employment Polygraph",
"passages": [
"The Pre-Employment Polygraph (PEP) is one of the elements used to assist the RCMP in determining suitability, reliability, honesty, and integrity. The PEP is just one of many tools used to help the RCMP verify that an applicant is the person they have claimed to be in their employment application forms, questionnaires, and prior interviews with recruiting personnel.",
"Should you be successful at all preceding stages of the recruiting process, you will be asked to attend the PEP Interview and Examination. At the PEP, you will meet the interviewer who is also a polygraph examiner. After initial introductions and the completion of required administrative forms, this stage will progress to a full review of the questions and responses you provided in your Regular Member Applicant Questionnaire (RCMP 5096) (PDF).",
"The interviewer will also explain how the polygraph instrument is used. He or she will then ask you to participate in a brief examination wherein you are asked a selection of questions while monitored by the sensors of the polygraph instrument.",
"If you are scheduled to attend the PEP Interview and Examination, you will be given further information about that process, including how to prepare."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Preparatory Guide for the Regular Member Selection Interview\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# Preparatory Guide for the Regular Member Selection Interview\n\n## Table of Contents\n\n * Introduction\n * What are the RMSI questions like?\n\n * Essential Job Requirements Questions\n * What does the RMSI measure?\n\n * Developing Self\n * Flexibility\n * Problem Solving\n * Conscientiousness and Reliability\n * Meeting Client Needs\n * Communication\n * Teamwork\n * Self Control and Composure\n * How to Prepare for the RMSI\n\n * Preparing for the Behavioural Component\n * Preparing for the Situational Component\n * In General\n * During the Interview\n\n * What to Expect\n * General Tips on How to Approach the Interview\n\nThe purpose of the Preparatory Guide for the Regular Member Selection\nInterview (RMSI) is to make you more aware of what will happen at this step of\nthe recruitment process. It provides you with tips on how to prepare for the\ninterview and is intended to help minimize any anxiety you might have. The\nultimate goal of this guide is to help you perform at your best during the\ninterview, as this will enable us to get the most accurate information about\nyour potential to perform successfully as an RCMP constable.\n\n## Introduction\n\nThe RMSI is the interview guide used by the RCMP to select applicants for RCMP\nCadet Training. In the RCMP recruitment process, the selection interview\nusually takes place after the RCMP Police Aptitude Test (RPAT) and the\nPhysical Ability Requirement Evaluation (PARE). The selection interview is\nfound by many to be the most challenging stage of the selection process.\nHowever, if you carefully plan for the interview, it can turn out to be a\npositive experience.\n\n## What are the RMSI questions like?\n\nA careful analysis of the functions and duties of an RCMP constable was\ncarried out to identify the qualities required to do this job well. The RMSI\nquestions were developed based on this analysis. The goal of the interview is\nto determine if you possess the qualities that have been identified as\nnecessary to perform successfully as an RCMP police officer. The RMSI contains\ntwo types of questions. The first set of questions is the behavioural\ncomponent of the interview. These questions focus on gathering examples of how\nyou have performed in different situations in the past. These questions are\nfairly general so that applicants from a wide variety of backgrounds can\nrelate to, and describe, pertinent experiences.\n\nHere is an example of this type of question (not an actual question from the\nRMSI):\n\nPeople often have to persevere to overcome obstacles. Please tell me about a\ntime when you had to face such a situation.\n\nIn your answer, you can refer to experiences from a variety of contexts\n(school, work, volunteering, sports, etc.). The second set of questions in the\ninterview focuses on gathering information about how you would act in\nhypothetical situations that are similar in quality to those you would likely\nexperience as an RCMP constable. For these questions, you will be presented\nwith a hypothetical situation and then asked to describe in detail what you\nwould do in this circumstance. You will also be asked to explain the reasoning\nbehind your intended behaviour(s), including the factors you took into\nconsideration when deciding what actions you would (or would not) take.\n\nThese situational questions are included in the interview so that applicants\nfrom a wide variety of backgrounds have the chance to demonstrate how they\nwould perform in a situation they may not have actually experienced in the\npast. Here is an example of this type of question:\n\nYou are a member of a soccer team. During an important game, the referee makes\na bad call against your team, which leads to the other team scoring a game-\nwinning goal. After the goal is scored, four of your teammates and your coach\nbegin to argue with the referee and players of the other team. The argument is\nbecoming very heated, but you believe that what your coach and teammates are\nsaying is correct and that the referee ́s call was very unfair. What would you\ndo in this situation, and why?\n\nThe duration of the selection interview will vary from one applicant to\nanother, but the average length is two to three hours, unless you answer \"no\"\nto one of the five \"Essential Job Requirements\" questions that are asked at\nthe beginning of the interview. In that case, the interview, as well as the\nrecruitment process, will automatically end.\n\nIf you answer \"yes\" to all of the \"Essential Job Requirements\" questions, the\ninterviewer will continue with the interview questions. Keep in mind that you\nwill be held to your answers given to the \"Essential Job Requirements\"\nquestions (e.g., you really should be prepared to be posted anywhere in Canada\nif you answer \"yes \" to this question).\n\n### Essential Job Requirements Questions\n\n * Do you currently possess an unrestricted valid driver ́s licence?\n * Are you willing to be posted anywhere in Canada?\n * Are you willing to perform shift work, including weekends and holidays?\n * Are you prepared to carry a firearm and to use it or any other necessary physical force in the performance of your duties?\n * Are you willing to pledge allegiance to Canada?\n\n## What does the RMSI measure?\n\nThe RMSI assesses eight competencies (qualities) considered essential to\nperform successfully as an RCMP officer. The goal of the interview is to\ndetermine to what extent you possess these competencies. Each competency is\ndefined below:\n\n### Developing Self\n\nRecognizes personal strengths and learning needs and engages in self-\ndevelopment opportunities to achieve full potential in current and future\nroles. Honestly self-assesses performance and continually strives to learn and\ndevelop.\n\n### Flexibility\n\nConsiders, adopts and changes behaviours in light of new ideas or work\nmethods, and works effectively within a variety of situations and with various\nindividuals or groups of diverse backgrounds and experience. Demonstrates a\npositive attitude and open-mindedness when faced with change. Can change gears\nor drop tasks unexpectedly when circumstances demand it.\n\n### Problem Solving\n\nSystematically analyzes and breaks down problems, risks, opportunities and\nissues into component parts. Identifies appropriate solutions and makes timely\ndecisions and actions. Understands cause-and-effect chains and relationships.\n\n### Conscientiousness and Reliability\n\nFulfills commitments in a professional, thorough and consistent manner through\nself-discipline and a sense of duty. Shows strong attention to detail and a\nfocus on quality. Independently produces consistent, high-quality results\n\n### Meeting Client Needs\n\nShows a desire to identify, meet or exceed internal and external client needs\nand expectations. Has a genuine desire to help or serve others, or act on\nbehalf of others being served.\n\n### Communication\n\nEffectively receives and conveys ideas and information in a way that increases\nthe understanding of the target audience. Can communicate effectively and\ninteractively with others.\n\n### Teamwork\n\nAchieves common goals by working cooperatively with others and developing a\npositive work climate. Acts to facilitate the operation of teams of which he\nor she is a member.\n\n### Self Control and Composure\n\nKeeps emotions under control and restrains negative actions when provoked or\nfaced with opposition or hostility from others, or when working under\nincreasing levels of stress. Maintains stamina and concentration under\ncontinuing stress. Refrains from acting on strong emotions such as anger. Is\nable to stay effective when faced with heavy or long term stresses or\nchallenges.\n\n## How to Prepare for the RMSI\n\nBefore applying for a job, it is always wise to research the organization to\nwhich you are applying. This will help you to determine if the\nresponsibilities, culture, and working conditions of that occupation will suit\nyou. Reading relevant documentation and talking with RCMP officers about cadet\ntraining and the experiences they encounter during their work will help you to\nform a realistic idea of an RCMP police officer ́s job. This will help you to\nmore easily adapt to cadet training and likely increase your job satisfaction\nlater on.\n\nThe interview focuses on your own capabilities: How you have demonstrated them\nin the past, and how you would demonstrate them in hypothetical but realistic\nsituations. The interview does not assess how much you know about legal or\npolicing issues, or the RCMP itself. Therefore, there is no essential material\nto learn before the interview. Still, there are several steps you can take\nahead of time to prepare yourself for the interview:\n\n### Preparing for the Behavioural Component\n\n * Review the definitions of the eight competencies and make sure that you understand them.\n * Break up each competency definition into its different components and ask yourself, \"When did I have to demonstrate this part of the definition? \" For example: \"When did I have to work as part of a team?\"\n * Review your own experiences and clearly identify incidents or situations that relate to these competencies.\n * Try to use challenging AND recent situations as examples. If your best example for a question happened five years ago, use it, but keep in mind that the more recent the example the better. The interviewer wants to know if you are using your skills and abilities now.\n * You do not have to use work examples, particularly if the best example you can think of for a question did not take place at work. You can also use the same example to answer more than one question, if different aspects of that example can be used to answer different questions.\n\n#### I Don't Have Any Experience!\n\nMany people make the mistake of neglecting very relevant life experiences,\njust because they did not take place in full-time job setting. However, you\nmay have acquired and demonstrated the required competencies through a wide\nvariety of activities.\n\nSo when preparing for the interview, take time to reflect on your past and\npick behavioural examples that most closely relate to each of the\ncompetencies. The following list provides some examples of activities you may\nhave participated in that could provide some excellent answers to the\ninterview questions:\n\n * Competitive sports\n * Volunteer work\n * Hobbies\n * Past jobs - full-time, part-time, summer term, internships and cooperative education placements\n * Projects undertaken in school (term projects, extracurricular activities such as the student newspaper, student clubs/ associations, organization of events, etc.)\n\nTo make a fair assessment of your actions in the examples you describe, the\ninterviewer needs to get a complete description of the circumstances, the\nactions you took, and the result of these actions. We call this structure the\nSTAR principle. If you practice describing your past experiences according to\nthis structure,your answers will flow more easily and you will be less likely\nto leave out important information.\n\nFor behavioural questions, set out your answers using the STAR principle:\n\nS What was the situation? Clearly and concisely set out the situation\nsurrounding your example. Do not overdo it or the interviewer will prompt you\nto get to the point!\n\nT What was the task you were called upon to do? What was yourspecific\nchallenge? Try to keep referring to yourself. The interviewer wants to hear\nabout your role in this situation.\n\nA What action did you take? Again, talk about your contribution, what you\nactually did.\n\nR What was the result? What did you accomplish?\n\n### Preparing for the Situational Component\n\nThe situational questions are based on the same competencies as the\nbehavioural questions, so review the relevant behavioural examples that you\nhave identified. Think about the effective and ineffective actions you took in\nthose situations, and whether there were any problems, frustrations and\nconflicts. What did you learn? What would you do differently if you were in\nthose situations again? What behaviours did you perform that could be applied\nto different situations (e.g., asking others who are knowledgeable for advice\nin a problem solving situation)?\n\nFor the situational questions, the interviewer needs to get a complete\ndescription of the actions that you would take (or not take), and the\nreasoning process that you used to make your decisions, including the factors\nyou took into consideration. This is reflected in the ARC principle. If you\napproach situational questions with this structure in mind, you will be less\nlikely to leave out important information that the interviewer needs to know.\n\nFor situational questions, use the ARC principle:\n\nA What actions would you take?\n\nR What is the reasoning behind your actions? How did you arrive at this\ndecision?\n\nC When determining what your actions would be, what factors did you take into\nconsideration?\n\n### In General\n\nIt is a good idea to write down a summary of examples that highlight your\nskills, abilities and experiences. Review them periodically to refresh your\nmemory (some people use index cards). When you write out your examples, try to\nstructure them according to the STAR principle, and think about how they could\napply to other situations. Please note that candidates are NOT allowed to\nconsult their preparatory materials during the course of the interview.\n\nConduct a practice interview with a friend. You can prepare interview\nquestions using the competency definitions (e.g., \"Tell me about a time when\nyou had to ...\"). This will give you the opportunity to get some feedback on\nyour answers regarding clarity and level of detail (i.e., too much, not\nenough).\n\n## During the Interview\n\nBe enthusiastic and confident, but keep in mind that this is a formal meeting,\nwhere being composed, courteous and friendly is always the best policy. The\nway you handle the interview provides an indication of your interpersonal and\ncommunication skills, and the interviewer will take this into account in\nhis/her evaluation.\n\nAnswer the questions directly. There is a fine line between appropriate detail\nand long-winded responses. Formulating your answers according to the STAR and\nARC principles will help you with this.\n\nThe interview is not a race. Take your time to collect yourself, think,\nformulate your answer, then talk. You can use note paper to quickly jot down\nwhat you want to say or important parts of the question.\n\nBe a good listener. Do not hesitate to occasionally ask questions if you do\nnot understand what the interviewer is asking you. However, try to avoid\nhaving every question repeated to you. Listening is an important part of oral\ncommunication, which is assessed during the interview. For this reason, you\nshould not use this as a stalling tactic either (i.e., to gain time to think\nabout your answer).\n\nDo not panic if you cannot answer a question. You can \"pass\" on a question and\ncome back to it later, and will not be penalized for doing so. If you draw a\nblank, as all of us sometimes do, just say: \"I can't think of anything right\nnow, can we come back to that question later?\"\n\nBeing unable to answer a question does not mean that you will automatically\nfail the interview. The score that you receive for each competency and the\noverall pass or fail recommendation will be based on all of the information\nthat you provide to all of the questions. Also, being unable to answer a\nquestion is unlikely to happen often, as the questions are designed to be\ngeneral so that they can apply to everybody.\n\nOccasionally, the interviewer might ask you for another example, even after\nyou have fully answered a question. This does not necessarily mean that your\nprevious answer was unsatisfactory. The interviewer may simply want more (or\nmore recent) information about that particular competency.\n\nLearn from the interviewer. If you are asked to provide more information about\nthe situation for one question, try to give more detail about the context when\nyou answer the next question. Or if the interviewer interrupted you while you\nwere talking, try to be more concise in your next answer.\n\nDo not make up answers! Interviewers have been trained to probe for additional\ndetail and any misinformation is likely to be detected. The interviewers are\npolice officers who are experienced in verifying the accuracy of what they are\nbeing told. The interviewer may ask you to provide the names and contact\ninformation of people who can verify the situations you describe. Any attempt\nto lie or deliberately omit relevant information will result in your removal\nfrom further consideration for employment within the RCMP.\n\n### What to Expect\n\nThe interviewer's job is to gather the information required to make an\ninformed decision about whether or not to recommend that you continue in the\nselection process. For that reason, the interviewer will be taking a lot of\nnotes during the interview, and you will not get as much eye contact as you\nwould in a normal conversation. This extensive note-taking is for your benefit\nand the interviewer's benefit: the interviewer needs to capture your answers\nin as much detail as possible in order to give you a fair rating. The\ninterviewer often may continue writing after you have finished speaking. You\ncan use this time to \"rest up\" and organize your thoughts.\n\nYou can also make brief notes during the interview to organize your answers.\nHowever, at the end of the interview the interviewer will collect all of the\nnotes that you have made in order to preserve the confidentiality of the RMSI\nquestions.\n\nFrom time to time, the interviewer will ask you questions to clarify something\nyou have said or to have you provide a more complete answer. For example, he\nor she might request further details about your individual contribution to a\nteam project you have described. Interviewers ask these additional questions\nto obtain the most complete and accurate picture of your past experiences.\n\nOnce the interview is over, the interviewer will rate your answers against a\npredetermined structured scoring key. This ensures that everyone is evaluated\nthe same way and against the same standards.\n\nYou must successfully pass the RMSI in order to proceed in the recruiting\nprocess. After passing the interview, you still have to successfully complete\nother steps, including a background investigation and a medical/dental exam.\nIf necessary, you may also write a language test (second language) and/or take\nanother PARE test. Contact your recruiting officer for more details on these\nsteps of the process.\n\nThe purpose of the feedback session is to provide you with the interviewer's\ndecision about whether or not you have been recommended for further\nprocessing. The interviewer will also give you a brief explanation for the\nratings that they have assigned. It is important to remember that when the\ninterviewer meets with you to give you feedback, his or her final decision has\nalready been made. The decision is not open to debate. If you do not pass the\nRMSI, the interviewer will explain to you the reasons why. Please note that if\nyou fail the selection interview, you will have to wait one year from the date\nof your interview before you can be interviewed again.\n\nThe interviewer will ask that you not discuss the content of the interview\nwith anyone else, and will also gather any notes you may have taken during the\ninterview. It is in your best interest, of course, not to advantage other\napplicants by revealing the interview questions. The interview questions are\nprotected information and cannot be communicated to any other person,\nincluding members of the RCMP. The interviewer will ask you to sign a security\nacknowledgment form to this effect. Evidence that you have discussed the\ninterview questions with other individuals will disqualify you from the\nselection process and may result in civil action. This is necessary to ensure\nfairness for all applicants.\n\n### General Tips on How to Approach the Interview\n\nIt is normal to be nervous at a job interview. However, you need to minimize\nthis nervousness to perform your best. The best way to do this is to prepare\nahead of time. The following tips may help:\n\n * Make sure to get enough sleep and to eat well the night before the interview. If you are tired, you will have trouble recalling your best incidents, or all of the specific details the interviewer needs.\n * Stick to your normal routine in the days before the interview.\n * Try to relax and think about other things the night before.\n * Give yourself plenty of time to arrive at the interview site. If you are worried about arriving late, you will be nervous when you get there. Become familiar in advance with the route you will travel to the interview. It maybe a good idea to make a trial run the day before, to get a general idea of how long it takes to get to there, where to park if you have a car, etc.\n * Your goal should only be to do your best. The less pressure you put on yourself, the less nervous you will be,and the better able you will be to demonstrate your skills and abilities.\n * Remember that the goal of the interview is not to trick or confuse you, but simply to see if you possess the qualities required of RCMP officers.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2012-03-29\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/poly-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151118071652/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/poly-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "RCMP Entrance Exam – RCMP Police Aptitude Battery (RPAB)",
"passages": [
"The RCMP Entrance Exam called the “RPAB” is an exam required to be written by applicants as part of the selection process.",
"* Consists of 108 agree or disagree statements that evaluate personality.\n* The test takes approximately 30 minutes to complete and is written prior to the RPAT.\nPART 2) The RCMP Police Aptitude Test (RPAT):",
"* Consist of 114 multiple choice questions designed to evaluate an applicant’s ability to be a police officer, community constable or telecommunications operator (9-1-1 Dispatcher).\n* It measures seven skills that are essential to completing the duties of the positions:\n\n * Composition (spelling, grammar and vocabulary)\n * Comprehension\n * Memory\n * Judgement\n * Observation\n * Logic\n * Computation\nWhat score do I need to pass and move on in the process?",
"The pass mark for the exam is 3.2 out of 5.0. All applicants will receive a letter confirming their exam score and their application status.",
"As of June 17, 2014 any applicant who writes or has written the RCMP Entrance Exam is now eligible to rewrite the exam after a waiting period of six (6) months versus the previous waiting period of one (1) year.",
"Applicants who pass will be placed on an eligibility list. This list ranks applicants from highest to lowest based on exam scores. Those with the best scores will be selected to advance to the next step of the selection process.",
"This list is active. This means that an applicant's position on the list will move up or down as additional exams are scored and as applications are selected for further processing.",
"Applicants may request on a yearly basis to keep their exam score for an additional year up to a maximum period of 5 years. An applicant who passes the exam and is not selected can attempt to improve their score by re-writing the exam; however the most recent score stands for position on the eligibility list.",
"The Preparatory Guide for the RCMP Entrance Exam - RCMP Police Aptitude Battery (RPAB) has been developed to assist applicants preparing to write the exam."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pre-Employment Polygraph\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# Pre-Employment Polygraph\n\nThe Pre-Employment Polygraph (PEP) is one of the elements used to assist the\nRCMP in determining suitability, reliability, honesty, and integrity. The PEP\nis just one of many tools used to help the RCMP verify that an applicant is\nthe person they have claimed to be in their employment application forms,\nquestionnaires, and prior interviews with recruiting personnel.\n\nShould you be successful at all preceding stages of the recruiting process,\nyou will be asked to attend the PEP Interview and Examination. At the PEP, you\nwill meet the interviewer who is also a polygraph examiner. After initial\nintroductions and the completion of required administrative forms, this stage\nwill progress to a full review of the questions and responses you provided in\nyour Regular Member Applicant Questionnaire (RCMP 5096) (PDF).\n\nThe interviewer will also explain how the polygraph instrument is used. He or\nshe will then ask you to participate in a brief examination wherein you are\nasked a selection of questions while monitored by the sensors of the polygraph\ninstrument.\n\nIf you are scheduled to attend the PEP Interview and Examination, you will be\ngiven further information about that process, including how to prepare.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2015-10-26\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/rpab-btatpg-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151025193953/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/rpab-btatpg-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "First Aid Training",
"passages": [
"On December 6, 2012 the Canada Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (COHSR), the Aviation Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (AOHSR) and the Maritime Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (MOHSR) were amended, following consultation with industry stakeholders.",
"The amendment removes the requirement for the Minister of Labour to approve first aid training programs and allows for first aid training to be given by qualified individuals who hold a valid certification from an approved organization. The regulatory change also allows organizations that deliver in- house training to seek certification for their instructors so they can deliver training tailored to their sector or activities. Further details on these changes can be found in the Canada Gazette .",
"Visit your provincial or territorial website for more information on how to obtain certification or to find approved organizations: :"
]
},
"parsed_md": "RCMP Entrance Exam – RCMP Police Aptitude Battery (RPAB)\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# RCMP Entrance Exam – RCMP Police Aptitude Battery (RPAB)\n\n## What is the RCMP Entrance Exam (RPAB)?\n\nThe RCMP Entrance Exam called the “RPAB” is an exam required to be written by\napplicants as part of the selection process.\n\nThe exam is made up of two separate parts, which takes a total of\napproximately 4 hours to complete:\n\n 1. PART 1) A Six Factor Personality Questionnaire (SFPQ):\n\n * Consists of 108 agree or disagree statements that evaluate personality.\n * The test takes approximately 30 minutes to complete and is written prior to the RPAT.\n 2. PART 2) The RCMP Police Aptitude Test (RPAT):\n\n * Consist of 114 multiple choice questions designed to evaluate an applicant’s ability to be a police officer, community constable or telecommunications operator (9-1-1 Dispatcher).\n * It measures seven skills that are essential to completing the duties of the positions:\n\n * Composition (spelling, grammar and vocabulary)\n * Comprehension\n * Memory\n * Judgement\n * Observation\n * Logic\n * Computation\n\n## What score do I need to pass and move on in the process?\n\nThe pass mark for the exam is 3.2 out of 5.0. All applicants will receive a\nletter confirming their exam score and their application status.\n\n### Note:\n\nAs of June 17, 2014 any applicant who writes or has written the RCMP Entrance\nExam is now eligible to rewrite the exam after a waiting period of six (6)\nmonths versus the previous waiting period of one (1) year.\n\n## You’ve passed the exam! What happens next?\n\nApplicants who pass will be placed on an eligibility list. This list ranks\napplicants from highest to lowest based on exam scores. Those with the best\nscores will be selected to advance to the next step of the selection process.\n\nThis list is active. This means that an applicant's position on the list will\nmove up or down as additional exams are scored and as applications are\nselected for further processing.\n\nApplicants may request on a yearly basis to keep their exam score for an\nadditional year up to a maximum period of 5 years. An applicant who passes the\nexam and is not selected can attempt to improve their score by re-writing the\nexam; however the most recent score stands for position on the eligibility\nlist.\n\n## How do I prepare?\n\nThe Preparatory Guide for the RCMP Entrance Exam - RCMP Police Aptitude\nBattery (RPAB) has been developed to assist applicants preparing to write the\nexam.\n\n## Register Now\n\nTake the next step in the application process and register here for an\nupcoming exam in your area.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2014-06-17\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.labour.gc.ca/eng/health_safety/prevention/first_aid.shtml",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161215173550/http://www.labour.gc.ca/eng/health_safety/prevention/first_aid.shtml",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Health Assessment",
"passages": [
"Each applicant must meet medical standards as assessed by RCMP Health Services. This includes a full medical and psychological exam. Cost of medical and psychological exams are absorbed by the RCMP."
]
},
"parsed_md": "First Aid Training - Labour Program\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\nLabour Program\n\n## Search\n\n# First Aid Training\n\nOn December 6, 2012 the Canada Occupational Health and Safety Regulations\n(COHSR), the Aviation Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (AOHSR) and\nthe Maritime Occupational Health and Safety Regulations (MOHSR) were amended,\nfollowing consultation with industry stakeholders.\n\nThe amendment removes the requirement for the Minister of Labour to approve\nfirst aid training programs and allows for first aid training to be given by\nqualified individuals who hold a valid certification from an approved\norganization. The regulatory change also allows organizations that deliver in-\nhouse training to seek certification for their instructors so they can deliver\ntraining tailored to their sector or activities. Further details on these\nchanges can be found in the Canada Gazette .\n\nVisit your provincial or territorial website for more information on how to\nobtain certification or to find approved organizations: :\n\n * British Columbia\n * Alberta\n * Saskatchewan (PDF, 439 KB)\n * Manitoba\n * Ontario\n * Quebec\n * New Brunswick (PDF, 29 KB)\n * Nova Scotia\n * Prince Edward Island\n * Newfoundland and Labrador\n * Nunavut and Northwest Territories\n * Yukon\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2016-02-01\n\n## Footer\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/health-sante-eng.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151128015132/http://www.rcmp-grc.gc.ca:80/recruiting-recrutement/rec/health-sante-eng.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Preparatory Guide for the RCMP Entrance Exam (RPAB)",
"passages": [
"A career in policing with the RCMP is challenging, exciting, and rewarding. It also comes with great responsibility and demands that applicants possess certain aptitudes and abilities to provide a strong foundation upon which to build a successful career.",
"The RCMP Entrance Exam is a general, mental ability test designed to determine an applicant's potential aptitude for police work. It is the first step of several that assist in selecting applicants who will be successful both in training and in a future as a police officer.",
"The exam has two parts – the Electronic RCMP Police Aptitude Test (e-RPAT) and the Six Factor Personality Questionnaire (SFPQ). Both parts are done on a computer over the internet using the Public Service Commission's On-Line Testing Facility. The tests are automatically scored and you will see your results at the end of the test. This preparatory guide is designed to familiarize you with what to expect when writing the exam.",
"Please note: In some situations such as remote locations or if technical issues occur, the exam may be administered in written, non-computerized format. Preparing for the paper-and-pencil version of the exam is essentially the same.",
"The paper version of the RPAT (part 1) has some differences which are explained throughout this guide (see Note:). The computerized and paper versions of the SFPQ (part 2) are the same.",
"The e-RPAT is a semi-adaptive test, meaning the difficulty level of the questions in subsequent stages is based on answers in the previous. Candidates will be randomly given one of several versions of Stage 1 (each version has the same level of difficulty). The difficulty level of the next stage is based on the answers in Stage 1, and so on for each stage. Points for a correct answer are based on the level of difficulty of the question, with the highest points given for the most difficult questions. This approach significantly reduces the number of questions and the length of the exam compared with the paper-and-pencil version and research has proven it also provides a better assessment of the candidate's abilities.",
"The e-RPAT consists of 50 multiple-choice questions. The questions are divided into five stages, each with 10 questions from any one of the 6 skill areas.",
"Note: The paper-and-pencil version consists of 114 multiple-choice questions and includes an additional stage on memory. It is not semi-adaptive.",
"Each stage of the e-RPAT is individually timed. A timer in the upper right corner of the computer screen will show the time allowed and the time remaining. You will have 15 minutes to complete each stage and 75 minutes in total to complete the entire exam. After 75 minutes the computer will automatically close your test.",
"Note: The paper-and-pencil version has a time limit of four hours. The test administrator will explain the start and finish times and the time limits for each stage.",
"Try to answer all of the questions. If you are unsure of an answer, it is to your advantage to guess. There is no penalty for an incorrect answer.",
"You may review your answers within each stage and make changes as long as the 15-minute time limit has not expired. Once a stage is completed and the time limit has expired, you may not go back to questions from the completed stage(s).",
"The SFPQ has 108 statements and a time limit of 45 minutes. You indicate your level of agreement with each statement.",
"The Composition questions will examine your ability to articulate, in a written format, complex thoughts in a clear and concise manner understandable to others. Specifically, it will examine your knowledge of grammar, spelling, and vocabulary. Some of the sources used to create this section include ITP Nelson Canadian Dictionary of the English Language: An Encyclopedic Reference (1997); Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1984); Shaw's (1993) Errors in English and Ways to Correct them; and Strunk Jr.& White's (1979) The Elements of Style. Using these references may be helpful in preparing.",
"Familiarize yourself with the use of dictionaries and thesauruses. When reading, identify any words that you don't know and look them up in a dictionary;",
"Use memory aids to help you remember correct spelling. For example, mnemonics such as \"i before e except after c\" can be very useful;",
"Do crossword puzzles – you can find them online, in newspapers, magazines or puzzle books. Continue to challenge yourself by progressively completing more difficult puzzles.",
"Both women have made previous complaints, none of which were followed through because of insufficient evidence or strong fear of retaliation by the suspect. The suspect is attempting to intimidate the women and is known for irrationale behaviour. Which word in the sentences above is misspelled?",
"1. insufficient\n\n2. retaliation\n\n3. intimidate\n\n4. irrationale\nOn the night of the accident, coeficient of friction testing was conducted using police transport on a cycloidal skid mark. Which word in the sentence above is misspelled?",
"1. accident\n\n2. coeficient\n\n3. friction\n\n4. cycloidal\nOnce she became a public figure, she had to give _____ her anonymity. Which word completes the sentence?",
"1. about\n\n2. back\n\n3. in\n\n4. up\nMy partner and _____ went to the home and _____ knocking on the door. Which words complete the sentence?",
"1. I, began\n\n2. me, began\n\n3. me, begun\n\n4. I, begun\nWhich of the following is the best definition of the word amendment?",
"1. cancellation by making invalid or outdated\n\n2. identification by comparison and elimination\n\n3. improvement by revision or correction\n\n4. protection by establishing rules and laws\nWhich of the following words can be defined as: \"The process of deriving general principles from particular instances\"?",
"The Comprehension questions are designed to evaluate your ability to read and accurately interpret written material. You will be presented with some short passages and asked one question about each to determine if you correctly interpreted the content of the particular passage.",
"Make sure you are reading at a level expected to perform the job of police officer. Canadian Geographic, Saturday Night, and some of the longer articles in Maclean's have a similar reading level to that of the RCMP Entrance Exam. You can find these and similar ones online or at your local library; and",
"Ask a friend to read a challenging article or passage that you have also read. Discuss the content of the text to confirm your comprehension.",
"Throughout its long history, China has seen the rise and fall of a large number of secret organizations. Originally, most of them had no criminal intent. They were simply brotherhoods based on shared political purposes and mutual assistance. However, some of them fell under the control of dishonest people. They then drifted into crime and ended up posing a threat to the social order. This was the case for two of the largest secret organizations of Chinese modern history, the Tsing and Hong organizations.",
"Many criminal organizations such as the Tsing and Hong and many others controlled brothels, opium dens, casinos and drug trafficking operations. They forced business owners to give them a percentage of their profit. They also committed more serious crimes such as abduction, the trade of women and children, and even assassinations. To achieve impunity from the law, they corrupted government and colonial officials. It was not uncommon for leaders of these organizations to occupy legitimate positions in companies or even in government agencies. They used these jobs as a front for their illegal activities. Each organization had its own system of laws and punishments. The internal law of the Hong organization had five possible punishments: capital punishment, corporal punishment, caning, degradation and banishment. A strict hierarchy existed and obedience to superiors was mandatory. New members, called apprentices, were placed under a master and were at his service. In the golden age of the Tsing and Hong organizations, a powerful leader could recruit thousands of apprentices.",
"Analyse de la criminalité en Chine, Zhang, X., Revue Internationale de Criminologie et de Police Technique, (1996), Vol. 3, pp. 321-329",
"1. Chinese secret organizations have always threatened the social order.\n\n2. Financial assistance is encouraged in Chinese criminal organizations.\n\n3. Few criminal organizations are known in China; only two are known today.\n\n4. Some secret Chinese organizations have not turned to crime.\nAccording to the previous passage, which one of the following statements is true?",
"1. Criminal organizations bribed government employees and senior officials to avoid facing consequences of their misdeeds.\n\n2. All leaders of these organizations had legitimate positions in businesses or in the government.\n\n3. The trade of women and children was the main activity of Chinese criminal organizations.\n\n4. Prostitution is one of the rare illegal businesses in which Chinese criminal organizations did not participate.\nWhich one of the following statements is supported by the previous passage?",
"1. In the Hong organization, only apprentices had to obey their superiors.\n\n2. In the Hong organization, a person's rank could not be lowered as a form of punishment.\n\n3. In the Hong organization, the penalty for disobedience was corporal punishment.\n\n4. In the Hong organization, the leader recruited many new members.\nJudgment",
"Judgment questions will test your ability to use appropriate resources and strategies to achieve objectives. It provides an indication that you can demonstrate good judgment in reaching sound decisions and taking the appropriate course of action. The word judgment and the concept of common sense are essentially the same.",
"In responding to the questions, think about the possible consequences of taking/not taking each of the actions listed. Choose the option that you believe has the most positive set of consequences, or perhaps the least negative set of consequences.",
"Take note of any policing situations that you may read about in the newspaper. Notice the actions taken, the rationale for these actions, and the public's response to the actions.",
"It is difficult to improve judgment or common sense. The key is to expand your horizon so that you may understand the consequences of a set of plausible actions. Once you have improved your ability to predict possible consequences, improvement in common sense will follow.",
"You are a police officer in a small town. You are on patrol at 2:00 a.m. when you see a car leaving town and moving very fast. You turn on the lights and sirens of your police car and attempt to pull the car over. The car does not pull over and a brief high speed chase results. After a short distance, the driver loses control of the car and it skids into the ditch. Four men jump out of the car and run into the forest. Of the following which is the best initial course of action to take?",
"1. Call for backup and immediately chase the suspects into the forest.\n\n2. Call for backup and request police dog(s). Upon their arrival, begin the chase of the suspects into the forest.\n\n3. Determine the registered owner of the car. The following day, go to the registered car owner's home and question him about the incident.\n\n4. Draw your gun and order the men to stop. If they do not comply, fire a warning shot into the air.\nYou are a police officer in a large municipality. Your coworker and friend, Constable Grey, is in constant financial trouble as the result of loans that she obtained before joining the RCMP. Constable Grey is married and has recently taken on a second job to pay her bills. You have noticed that since she has had this second job, the quality of her work has gone down considerably. Of the following, which is the best initial step to take?",
"1. Suggest to Constable Grey that she speak to a financial consultant.\n\n2. Lend Constable Grey some money.\n\n3. Speak to Constable Grey's spouse to identify possible solutions to her financial difficulties.\n\n4. Speak to Constable Grey and tell her about your concerns.\nAt a meeting, your supervisor tells all the members on shift about a new RCMP policy. The policy states that police officers are to wear their hats at all times while on duty in the downtown area. The rationale for the policy is that the wearing of hats projects a professional policing image and allows the public to easily identify the person as a police officer. Later that evening, you and your partner receive a call that a young female was just sexually assaulted by two males who are both well-known to you. The two males are to be arrested. You believe that the two male suspects are at a fountain in the downtown area that is only approachable on foot. There is a music festival being held in the area that is attracting large crowds of people. You and your partner feel that, under these circumstances, it would be inappropriate to wear your hats; the suspects would likely see you approaching and may flee. Of the following, which is the best course of action to take?",
"1. Call your supervisor, explain the situation, and request permission not to wear your hats. Follow the decision given.\n\n2. Proceed to the area without wearing your hats. Explain to your supervisor afterwards the reason for your action.\n\n3. Wear your hat while in the area, consistent with the RCMP policy.\n\n4. Do not attempt to arrest the suspects at this time as their identity is known. Wait for another time to arrest them.\nObservation",
"The Observation questions will test your ability to pay attention to details in visual material. For each question, you will examine a set of five sketches of faces. For each set, the first drawing will be identified as a sketch of an alleged criminal. The other drawings will be labelled \"a\", \"b\", \"c\", and \"d.\"",
"For each set of drawings, one of the drawings labelled \"a\", \"b\", \"c\", or \"d\" will have near identical facial features to those in the first drawing of the alleged criminal. Your task is to identify this drawing. In making your decision, you are to assume that no plastic surgery has occurred.",
"To complete the task accurately, focus on features that are unlikely to be altered without plastic surgery. For example, examine the shape of the eyes, the size and appearance of the nose, the shape of the face, etc. Do not be distracted by features that can easily be altered, such as hair style and colour, facial hair, and clothing.",
"Use a process of elimination when completing the task. Eliminate any pictures in which you notice a difference in a feature that is unlikely to change without plastic surgery. Once three pictures have been eliminated, the remaining picture should be the correct answer.",
"Though the above activities are not the same as the task on the test, they do allow you to practice using your observation skills.",
"The Logic questions will examine your ability to identify and analyze problems and situations using deductive processes (ability to apply general rules to a problem and arrive at a logical answer) and inductive processes (ability to combine information in order to form general rules). This will be assessed using a variety of questions. You will be asked to complete tasks such as ordering pieces of information in a logical sequence, following directions on a map, determining the pattern that exists in a set of data, and solving problems.",
"To solve many of the presented puzzles, it is important that you organize your thoughts. Solve one piece of the puzzle at a time; it is unlikely that a solution will be obtained by trying to examine all of the data at once. It is also important to organize the order in which each piece of the puzzle should be solved. The solutions to some aspects of the puzzles cannot be obtained without the solution to some other pieces of the puzzle. In some instances, creating a diagram of the information on a piece of scrap paper may help to organize your thoughts.",
"Read mystery novels such as Arthur Conan Doyle's Sherlock Holmes series. Try to solve the crime before the hero does.",
"You are preparing a report concerning a car accident. The following five pieces of information are to be included in the report:",
"1. Constable MacInnis explained that the car was heading east bound on 84th Avenue in the first lane and had struck a young girl who was running across 84th Avenue.\n\n2. The statement was not obtained at this time, as the driver of the car was too emotionally upset.\n\n3. Constable Smith attended the scene of a car accident and was briefed by Constable MacInnis of what had occurred.\n\n4. The driver was then turned over to Constable Smith for a statement.\n\n5. Constable MacInnis then stated that he had detained the driver of the car and that he had read him his rights.\nIn which of the following orders should the information in the report be presented?",
"You are investigating a serious accident involving five cars. The car at the front of the accident is labeled 1 and the car at the back of the accident is labelled 5. The remaining cars are labelled according to their location in the chain of cars. The information related to the accident is sketchy and somewhat disorganized. You know the following:",
"1. Kim is in a car ahead of Sarah\n\n2. Kim is in car 2\n\n3. Paul is in car 2\n\n4. Kim is in a car behind Paul\nIf Kevin is in car 3, which one of the following statements must be true?",
"1. Paul is in a car behind Kim\n\n2. Kim is in a car ahead of Sarah\n\n3. Sarah is in car 1\n\n4. Paul is in a car ahead of Kevin\nComputation",
"Computation questions will evaluate your ability to complete basic computations. It will examine if you know when to and how to add, subtract, multiply, and divide. It will also evaluate some very basic algebra skills. The knowledge of mathematics required to do well in this section is no higher than a Grade 9 level. You will not be allowed to use a calculator.",
"Re-read a high school math textbook, which can often be found at a local library (no higher than the Grade 9 level is required). You will also be able to locate this type of material online.",
"Practice solving a variety of math problems on a daily basis (e.g., when paying for a product, calculate in your head how much change you should expect before the cashier gives it, or try to calculate the amount of tax that needs to be paid for a product prior to arriving at the check-out).",
"The RCMP has developed strategic partnerships with various financial institutions, both nationally and internationally, in an effort to reduce the counterfeiting of currency and credit cards. The following table reflects the amount of success they have had over a five year period. For questions 18 and 19, assume that the two currencies are at par (i.e., CDN $1 = US $1).",
"1. 3%\n\n2. 4%\n\n3. 25%\n\n4. 33%\nWhat percentage of all the seized American funds was seized in 1997?",
"1. $4,070\n\n2. $5,070\n\n3. $13,940\n\n4. $49,070\nWhat was the value of all the items taken from all the arrested persons?",
"Note: The paper-and-pencil exam includes an evaluation of your ability to memorize pictorial and textual materials over a period of time.",
"You will be presented with four mug shots of individuals, along with their names, descriptions, and the crimes for which they are wanted.",
"In addition you will be provided with descriptions of six vehicles. The descriptions will include the makes and colours of the vehicles, the vehicle licence plates, and, occasionally, a crime in which the vehicle was involved. Your task is to memorize all of this information. You will be asked nine questions pertaining to this information approximately thirty minutes into the exam to assess how well you memorized the information.",
"Memorize pictures of individuals in the newspaper, and the names of the people in the pictures. Test yourself after 30 minutes to see how much you can remember;",
"Ask a friend to note the makes, colours, and licence plates of a few cars in a parking lot. Give yourself approximately two minutes to memorize this information, and then test yourself 30 minutes later; and",
"Try to draw direct links between the information you are trying to memorize and thing that are familiar to you. Whenever possible, use imagery to help you to remember the information (i.e., form a picture of the information in your mind).",
"The Six Factor Personality Questionnaire (SPFQ) measures an applicant's conscientiousness. This measure is used as an indicator of traits such as honesty, integrity, and commitment.",
"The SFPQ has 108 statements and has a time limit of 45 minutes. It usually takes 20-30 minutes to complete.",
"There is no need to try to 'prepare' for the SFPQ. Just remember that it is critical to be honest. Both honesty and integrity are core values of the RCMP. The commitment to these values is tested at several steps in the application process so if you are not honest during the SFPQ, it will become evident in a later step within the application process.",
"It is very important that you answer every question on the SFPQ. Failure to do so may lead to an inability to determine your conscientiousness score. Because the conscientiousness score is required to proceed in the application process, an incomplete questionnaire may mean you have to rewrite the RCMP Entrance Exam, which will cause a significant delay in your application.",
"The RCMP Entrance Exam score is out of five and will reflect how you performed on both parts of the test – the e-RPAT and the SFPQ. Sixty per cent of your final score is based on the e-RPAT and forty per cent is based on the SFPQ",
"The minimum score needed on the e-RPAT/RPAT to be selected to move forward in the application process is 3.20 (out of five).",
"If you would like to try to improve your score, you can rewrite the exam after six months. It is important to note that only your most recent score is used for selection purposes, even if you scored higher on an earlier exam.",
"If you choose to rewrite, you will be required to sign a security form indicating that you have not written the exam in the past six months. If it is later determined that six months have not elapsed since the last time you wrote the exam, a signature on the form would be seen as indication of an integrity problem and will have an impact on your application.",
"If you wrote the exam and didn't pass or didn't have a high enough score to be selected to continue in the application process, here are a couple things you can do to improve your score when you rewrite the exam:",
"Practice, practice, practice! There are several police officer exam guides with practice questions available in hard copy and online. While many of these are American, the qualities evaluated are often very similar;",
"Practice with other types of standardized exams such as the Graduate Record Exam (GRE), the Law School Admission Test (LSAT), and the American Scholastic Aptitude Test (SAT). There is some overlap in the aptitudes and abilities measured on these exams and those measured by the RCMP Entrance Exam. The grading scales of these tests are quite different than the scale used by the RCMP so use these only as practice to familiarize yourself with the type of questions you may see on the RCMP Entrance Exam, and not an indicator of how well you'll do.",
"Read the instructions carefully. It is important you clearly understand what you are expected to do. If you are unclear, ask questions before you start the exam. Failing to follow the instructions may result in a lower score, or in certain circumstances, disqualify you from the RCMP selection process.",
"Note: For the paper-and-pencil version, the instructions will be read out by the test administrator – make sure to listen carefully.",
"Try to determine an answer before looking over the choices provided. However, read all of the offered choices before selecting your final answer.",
"If you are unsure of an answer, eliminate the options you know are wrong. Even if you can only eliminate one option, you will at least limit your guess to fewer options, thereby increasing your chance of guessing correctly.",
"Do not get hung-up on any one question. If you are having difficulties with a question, make your best guess and move on. If time allows after you've answered all the questions in that stage, you can return to it. If you waste time on a question you don't know the answer to, you might not get to some questions for which you do know the answer and you'll lose out on those points.",
"Manage your time well. Pay attention to the timer on the computer screen and be aware of how much time is left.",
"Note: For the paper-and-pencil version, make sure you bring a watch. The test administrator will occasionally announce the time remaining, but it's best to keep track of it yourself.",
"Don't panic. Exams can be very stressful events. If you feel yourself getting too anxious during the test, take a couple of minutes to collect yourself. When you are ready, proceed. It may be a good idea to move on from a question if it's making you especially anxious and come back to it later if time permits.",
"Research has definitively shown this type of personnel-selection is a good predictor of job performance, regardless of the type of profession. The RCMP Entrance Exam is a very important first step on the path to becoming a police officer with the RCMP.",
"We hope this guide is helpful. Beyond preparing you for the content of the RCMP Entrance Exam, we hope it helps to calm any nervousness you may feel.",
"Note. The Dictionaries, Shaw (1993) and Strunk & White (1979) references are the exact material used at the time of developing the RCMP Entrance Exam",
"Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1984) defines give up as \"to cease to do some action: ABANDON\". This definition works well at completing a meaningful sentence. The other options do not.",
"The first blank is for one of the subjects of the verbs \"to go\" and \"to begin\". \"I\" and not \"me\", which is used as an object of a verb, is the appropriate pronoun to use as the subject of the verbs. Next, the sentence is written in the past (went is the past tense of \"to go\"). Began is the past tense of \"to begin\".",
"ITP Nelson Canadian Dictionary of the English Language: An Encyclopedic Reference (1997) defines amendment as \"the act of changing for the better; improvement.\" Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1984) defines amendment as, \"the act of changing or modifying for the better.\"",
"The bolded text in the question is one of the definitions of induction provided by ITP Nelson Canadian Dictionary of the English Language: An Encyclopedic Reference (1997). Webster's Ninth New Collegiate Dictionary (1984) defines induction as, \"inference of a generalized conclusion from particular instances,\" paralleling the definition provided in ITP Nelson Canadian Dictionary of the English Language: An Encyclopedic Reference (1997).",
"Option \"a\" is wrong because the passage includes the statement stating, \"Originally, most of them (secret organizations) had no criminal intent.\" The concept of financial assistance as stated in option \"b\" is never mentioned in the passage. Therefore, it is not supported by the passage.",
"Option \"c\" mentions that ONLY two criminal organizations are known. The passage actually implies that there are more than the two (\"This was the case for two of the largest secret organizations of Chinese modern history\"). Option \"d\" is the only option supported by the passage (\"some of them [not all] fell under the control of dishonest people\").",
"Option \"b\" is wrong because it states that all leaders had legitimate positions in businesses or in the government. The passage states that it was not uncommon for this to be, but not that it always happened. Option \"c\" is wrong because the passage makes no claim that the trade of women and children is the main activity of the secret organizations, only that it is one of the illegal activities performed. Option \"d\" is wrong because it is specifically mentioned in the passage that the organizations controlled brothels. Option \"a\" is the only option supported by the passage (\"To achieve impunity from the law, they corrupted government and colonial officials\").",
"Option \"a\" is wrong because the passage includes the statement, \"A strict hierarchy existed and obedience to superiors was mandatory.\" This statement is not limited to being an apprentice. Option \"b\" is wrong because the passage identifies degradation (i.e., a reduction in rank) as a form of punishment. Option \"c\" is wrong because the passage never specifies any penalty that is associated with a particular crime. Option \"d\" is the only option supported by the text (\"a powerful leader could recruit thousands of apprentices\". Apprentices was earlier in the passage defined as new members).",
"Option \"b\" is the most effective action because you have called for back-up in a high risk situation. In addition, you have taken steps, once sufficient resources are obtained, to apprehend the individuals. Option \"a\" is wrong because you have placed yourself at considerable risk by pursuing four males at night in a forest. Option \"c\" is wrong because the vehicle may be stolen and you have made no attempt to apprehend the suspects at the time when options existed for you to do so. Option \"d\" is wrong because it is very dangerous to fire a shot into a dark forest.",
"Option \"d\" is the most effective initial option because Constable Grey is your friend and you have knowledge of the situation. Option \"a\" is wrong because, although you have provided good advice, there is no indication that Constable Grey has not already contacted a financial advisor. Option \"b\" is wrong because by lending money to Constable Grey you are not solving her financial problem. Option \"c\" is wrong because you have meddled too far into a private situation.",
"Option \"b\" is correct because you have analyzed the risk of not wearing the hat and exercised common sense that, in this case, following RCMP policy will compromise your ability to arrest the suspects in a safe manner. Option \"a\" is wrong because immediate action is required to apprehend the suspects and should not be delayed due to a minor policy issue. Option \"c\" is wrong because you have not exercised any decision-making or judgment and have simply followed policy that is not appropriate in this situation; the suspects may flee and, consequently, re-offend. Option \"d\" is wrong because you are taking a risk of losing the suspects and evidence because of a minor policy issue.",
"In option \"a\", notice that the nose is different. In option \"c\", notice that the eyes are different. In option \"d\", notice that the ears and the shape of the face are different. Each of these differences are unlikely to occur without plastic surgery. On the other hand, the only difference between option \"b\" and the suspected criminal is that the picture includes a mustache. This would be a very simple disguise. Option \"b\" is therefore the most likely match to the suspected criminal.",
"In option \"a\", notice that the shape of the face is different. In option \"c\", notice that the shape of the mouth is different. In option \"d\", notice that the nose is different. Each of these differences are unlikely to occur without plastic surgery. On the other hand, the only difference between option \"b\" and the suspected criminal is that the picture includes eyeglasses. This would be a very simple disguise. Option \"b\" is therefore the most likely match to the suspected criminal.",
"The four options indicate that there are two possible first statements: statement 1 (options \"a\" and \"c\") and statement 3 (options \"b\" and \"d\"). In statement 1, Constable MacInnis is explaining the situation to someone, yet it is unclear as to who. In statement 3, Constable Smith is just arriving at the scene and begins the briefing with Constable MacInnis. Therefore, Constable Smith is likely the person being spoken to in statement 1, such that statement 3 should occur before statement 1. This narrows the possible correct option to options \"b\" and \"d\". In option \"b\", statement 5 is the next piece of information to use. However, the statement seems to imply some other statement had been made (\"Constable MacInnis then stated...\"). Statement 1, the second piece of information to use in option \"d\", is very likely this statement and logically should precede statement 5. Therefore, option \"d\" is the correct option.",
"This is a problem for which it is extremely helpful to draw a diagram to organize yourself. From the information in the problem text and in clue I, the following diagram can be used:",
"Place the information found in the clues into the table. Clue III is the most useful, so we will start with that one. From this clue, we can state that Sarah and Jennifer are not in cars 2, 3, or 4.",
"Similarly, we can state that Paul, Kim and Kevin are not in cars 1 or 5. This information can be placed in the table.",
"Next, Clue II states that Kevin was ahead of Kim. From the information currently in our table, the farthest back Kim can be is in car 4. Therefore, to ensure that he remains ahead of Kim, the farthest back Kevin can be is in car 3. Similarly, from the information currently in our table, the farthest in front Kevin can be is in car 2. Therefore, to ensure that she remains behind Kevin, the farthest front Kim can be is in car 3. This information can be placed in the table.",
"Now we are ready to answer question 1. Option \"a\" is wrong, because there is a possibility that Sarah could be in car 5 such that the option could be true. Option \"c\" is wrong because there is the possibility that Paul is in car 2. Option \"d\" is wrong because there is the possibility that Paul is in car 2 and Kim is in car 3. Option \"b\" is the correct option, because we have concluded from the information provided that Kim cannot be in car 2.",
"Let us continue with using the tables generated in the last question. We have a new piece of information: Kevin is in car 3. With Kevin in car 3, this means that Kim must be in car 4 (Clue II). In that Jennifer and Sarah are either in cars 1 or 5 (clue III), this means that Paul must be in car 2. This information can be placed in the table.",
"Option \"a\" is wrong because we have concluded that Paul is in car 2, ahead of Kim in car 4. Option \"b\" is wrong because there remains the possibility that Sarah is in car 1, ahead of Kim in car 4. Option \"c\" is wrong because there remains the possibility that Sarah is in car 5. Option \"d\" is correct because we have concluded that Paul is in car 2, ahead of Kevin in car 3.",
"The question is focusing on the 1999 data, such that you can ignore all the other years' data. To compute a percentage, you need to know the total value that was seized in 1999. Therefore, you must add the Canadian and American values: $7,500 + $22,500 is equal to $30,000. To determine what the Canadian percentage is, you must divide the Canadian amount by the total: $7,500 divided by $30,000 is equal to .25. To put it into a percentage format, you must multiply this value by 100: `.25 x 100 is equal to 25%.",
"The question is focusing on the American funds, such that you can ignore all the Canadian funds. To compute a percentage, you need to know what the total value of American funds that was seized. Therefore, you must add up all the American funds seized over the years: $72,500 + $850,000 + $63,427 + $22,500 + $54,073 is equal to $1,062,500. To determine what the 1997 percentage is, you must divide the 1997 amount by the total: $850,000 divided by $1,062,500 is equal to .80. To put it into a percentage format, you must multiply this value by 100: .80 x 100 is equal to 80%.",
"The question focuses on the cash, so you should ignore the data under \"amount of cocaine.\" In addition, the question focuses on suspect Hasek, such that you should ignore the data of the other two suspects. To determine the amount of cash, you need to multiply each denomination by the amount of bills. For the $100 bills, this would be $100 x 35 or $3,500. For the $50 bills, this would be $50 x 21 or $1,050. For the $20 bills, this would be 26 x $20 or $520. Next, you need to add up all of these computed values: $3,500 + $1,050 + $520 is equal to $5,070.",
"This question asks information related to all of the items and all of the suspects. Therefore, every piece of data presented in the table is important. The first step is to compute how much cocaine was seized by adding up all of the presented weights: 2.6 kg + .5 kg + 1.8 kg is equal to 4.9 kg. The value of the cocaine is given in dollars per grams, such that you must convert the weight given in kilograms into grams. This is done by multiplying the weight by 1000: 4.9kg x 1000 is equal to 4,900 gm. Next, we have to multiply this weight by the value of 1 gram of cocaine: 4,900 x $90 is equal to $441,000. Next you need to compute how many bills of each denomination were seized.",
"For $100, this is 111 + 35 + 20 or 166. For $50, this is 45 + 21 + 135 or 201. For $20, this is 34 + 26 + 5 or 65. Next, you must multiply each of these sums by the denomination it is associated with. For $100, this is $100 x 166 or $16,600. For $50, this is 201 x $50 or $10,050. For $20, this is 65 x $20 or $1,300. Finally, add up all these dollar values and sum it with the value of the cocaine seized: $16,600 + $10,050 + $1,300 + $441,000 is equal to $468,950."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Health Assessment\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to site information\n * Skip to secondary menu\n\n * Canada.ca\n * Services\n * Departments\n * ## Language selection\n\n * Français\n\n## Menu\n\n * Menu\n\nRoyal Canadian Mounted Police\n\n## Search\n\n# Health Assessment\n\nEach applicant must meet medical standards as assessed by RCMP Health\nServices. This includes a full medical and psychological exam. Cost of medical\nand psychological exams are absorbed by the RCMP.\n\nDate modified:\n\n 2015-10-26\n\n"
}
] |
9,342,022 | How To Cook Instant Rice | To cook instant white rice on the stove, first boil 1 cup of water in a medium pot, or use chicken or vegetable stock for added flavor. Once the water or stock is at a full boil, stir in 1 cup of instant white rice, and then cover the pot and remove it from the stove. Let it sit on a heatproof surface for about 5 minutes to let the rice fully absorb the water. Then, remove the cover and fluff the rice with a fork to help it get the right texture. Now you can scoop it into a bowl and dig in! | [
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"A very good pot of rice has the ability to transform a humble dinner of vegetables into a venerable feast. Rice is easy to find, inexpensive, and the perfect blank slate for the base of many classic dishes — stir-fry, butter chicken, and red beans come to mind.",
"A rice cooker is handy if you cook rice (and other grains) regularly and if you’ve got the space to store it, but you don’t actually need any special equipment or ingredients to cook up a pot of stunningly simple, tender, and fluffy rice.",
"In fact, all you really need is a cup of rice, a pot, and a stovetop. Here are the three best ways to cook long-grain white rice, brown rice, and aromatic rices — like jasmine and basmati — on the stovetop.",
"Many rice recipes rely on ratios for rice to water. I can cook pasta blindfolded, make grits with ease, and bake potatoes with the best of them. But cooking a pot of rice on the stovetop remained a mystery until I gave up juggling water-to-rice ratios and tried different techniques instead. A good pot of rice holds a mountain of fluffy, separate grains — no matter the type of rice. And not all rice varieties are the same, so there is no reason to cook them using the same method.",
"These stovetop methods use different pot sizes and water boiling methods (make sure you have a nice, tight-fitting lid for each). Try not to peek while the rice cooks — that will change the cook time and water absorption rate.",
"Rice, like dried beans, is an agriculture product, meaning it comes from the field and processor with some dirt, debris, and, in rice’s case, starch in the bag or box. Rinsing the rice is the first line of defense against gummy grains, as it washes away loose, powdery starch that can stick to the grains upon cooking. Always use a fine-mesh strainer to rinse your rice under cool running water — no matter the cooking method.",
"For long-grain white rice: Standard long-grain white rice is best suited for the simmer-and-steam method. Here the rice simmers in water until completely absorbed. Slide the pot off the heat to steam, and with a quick fluff of your fork the rice is ready.",
"For brown rice: Brown rice has a nutty flavor and delightful chew. It also has a tough reputation, often cooking up gummy or underdone. A fool-proof method is what this rice needs, and cooking brown rice like pasta fits the bill. Bring a big pot of water to a boil and stir in the rice. Fish out a grain or two every so often and take a taste. Once the rice is tender and chewy, drain, return the rice to the pot, and steam.",
"For basmati or jasmine rice: When aromatic rice like basmati or jasmine are on the menu, use the pilaf method. Toast the rice in butter and then pour in boiling water. Cook until the water is gone, then steam off the heat for distinct grains of rice that perfume the kitchen and are full of toasty flavor.",
"Rinse the rice. Place the rice in a fine-mesh strainer and rinse under cool, running water until the water runs clear. This removes dusty starch that can lead to gummy grains.",
"Boil the water in a small saucepan. Bring 1 1/2 cups water to a boil in a covered small saucepan over high heat.",
"Cover and simmer for 18 to 20 minutes. Bring back to a gentle simmer. Cover, reduce the heat to low, and cook until the water is absorbed, 18 to 20 minutes.",
"Rest the rice off the heat for 10 minutes and then fluff. Remove from the heat and let the saucepan stand, covered, for 10 minutes. Uncover, fluff with a fork, and serve.",
"Rinse the rice. Place the rice in a fine-mesh strainer and rinse under cool, running water until the water runs clear. This removes dusty starch that can lead to gummy grains.",
"Boil the water in a medium saucepan. Bring 8 cups of water to a boil in a covered 4-quart saucepan over high heat.",
"Add the rice and cook uncovered 33 to 35 minutes. Stir in the rice and boil, uncovered, until tender but still slightly chewy, 33 to 35 minutes.",
"Drain off excess water and steam until tender. Drain the rice in a fine-mesh strainer. Return the rice to the saucepan, cover, and steam off the heat for 10 minutes.",
"Add the salt and butter to finish. Add the salt and butter or oil, if using, fluff with a fork, and serve.",
"Rinse the rice. Place the rice in a fine-mesh strainer and rinse under cool, running water until the water runs clear. This removes dusty starch that can lead to gummy grains.",
"Boil the water separately. Bring water to a boil in a small pot or electric kettle. Use 2 cups water per 1 cup basmati rice and 1 1/2 cups water per 1 cup jasmine rice.",
"Melt the butter and toast the rice. In a separate small saucepan, heat the butter or oil over medium-high heat until shimmering. Add the rice and salt, stirring until the excess water from rinsing evaporates and to coat in the butter. Sauté, stirring constantly, until a starchy film develops on the bottom of the pan and the rice smells slightly toasted, 2 minutes.",
"Carefully add the boiling water, cover, and cook for 18 minutes. Pour in the boiling water, reduce heat to low, cover, and cook until the water is completely absorbed, about 18 minutes.",
"Steam the rice off the heat for 10 minutes and then fluff. Remove from the heat. Keep covered and let steam for 10 minutes. Fluff with a fork and serve."
]
},
"parsed_md": "3 Methods for Perfect Rice on the Stove | Kitchn\n\nNewsletters\n\n * asian\n * children\n * Dairy-Free\n\nCooking Lessons from The Kitchn\n\n# How To Cook Rice on the Stove\n\nby Faith Durand\n\nUpdated: Nov 8, 2019\n\nSaveCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\n(Image credit: Joe Lingeman)\n\nA very good pot of rice has the ability to transform a humble dinner of\nvegetables into a venerable feast. Rice is easy to find, inexpensive, and the\nperfect blank slate for the base of many classic dishes — stir-fry, butter\nchicken, and red beans come to mind.\n\nA rice cooker is handy if you cook rice (and other grains) regularly and if\nyou’ve got the space to store it, but you don’t actually need any special\nequipment or ingredients to cook up a pot of stunningly simple, tender, and\nfluffy rice.\n\nIn fact, all you really need is a cup of rice, a pot, and a stovetop. Here are\nthe three best ways to cook long-grain white rice, brown rice, and aromatic\nrices — like jasmine and basmati — on the stovetop.\n\nWatch\n\nStovetop Rice\n\n### 3 Methods for Stovetop Rice\n\nMany rice recipes rely on ratios for rice to water. I can cook pasta\nblindfolded, make grits with ease, and bake potatoes with the best of them.\nBut cooking a pot of rice on the stovetop remained a mystery until I gave up\njuggling water-to-rice ratios and tried different techniques instead. A good\npot of rice holds a mountain of fluffy, separate grains — no matter the type\nof rice. And not all rice varieties are the same, so there is no reason to\ncook them using the same method.\n\n(Image credit: Joe Lingeman)\n\nThese stovetop methods use different pot sizes and water boiling methods (make\nsure you have a nice, tight-fitting lid for each). Try not to peek while the\nrice cooks — that will change the cook time and water absorption rate.\n\n### First, Rinse the Rice\n\nRice, like dried beans, is an agriculture product, meaning it comes from the\nfield and processor with some dirt, debris, and, in rice’s case, starch in the\nbag or box. Rinsing the rice is the first line of defense against gummy\ngrains, as it washes away loose, powdery starch that can stick to the grains\nupon cooking. Always use a fine-mesh strainer to rinse your rice under cool\nrunning water — no matter the cooking method.\n\nCulina 8′′ Double Mesh Strainer\n\n$8\n\nAmazon\n\nBuy Now\n\n### Stovetop Methods for White, Brown, and Basmati Rice\n\nFor long-grain white rice: Standard long-grain white rice is best suited for\nthe simmer-and-steam method. Here the rice simmers in water until completely\nabsorbed. Slide the pot off the heat to steam, and with a quick fluff of your\nfork the rice is ready.\n\nFor brown rice: Brown rice has a nutty flavor and delightful chew. It also has\na tough reputation, often cooking up gummy or underdone. A fool-proof method\nis what this rice needs, and cooking brown rice like pasta fits the bill.\nBring a big pot of water to a boil and stir in the rice. Fish out a grain or\ntwo every so often and take a taste. Once the rice is tender and chewy, drain,\nreturn the rice to the pot, and steam.\n\nFor basmati or jasmine rice: When aromatic rice like basmati or jasmine are on\nthe menu, use the pilaf method. Toast the rice in butter and then pour in\nboiling water. Cook until the water is gone, then steam off the heat for\ndistinct grains of rice that perfume the kitchen and are full of toasty\nflavor.\n\n1 / 18\n\n(Image credit: Joe Lingeman)\n\nComments\n\n194 Ratings\n\n## How To Cook Rice on the Stovetop, 3 Ways\n\nYieldMakes 3 cups cooked rice\n\n * alcohol-free\n * kidney-friendly\n * peanut-free\n * low-potassium\n * pork-free\n * pescatarian\n * gluten-free\n * tree-nut-free\n * low-sodium\n * red-meat-free\n * low-fat\n * wheat-free\n * fish-free\n * vegetarian\n * shellfish-free\n * sugar-conscious\n * low-sugar\n * soy-free\n * egg-free\n\nPer serving, based on 4 servings. (% daily value)\n\n * Calories 176\n * Fat 0.3 g (0.4%)\n * Saturated 0.1 g (0.4%)\n * Carbs 38.7 g (12.9%)\n * Fiber\n * Sugars\n * Protein 3.2 g (6.4%)\n * Sodium 113.4 mg (4.7%)\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 cup\n\nrice\n\n * 1/2 teaspoon\n\nkosher salt\n\n * 1 tablespoon\n\nunsalted butter or oil (optional)\n\n#### Equipment\n\n * Measuring cups and spoons\n\n * Fine-mesh strainer\n\n * Small or medium saucepan with a lid\n\n * Small pot or electric kettle, for aromatic rice\n\n * Spoon\n\n * Fork\n\n### Instructions\n\n#### Method 1: Simmer and steam long-grain white rice.\n\n 1. Rinse the rice. Place the rice in a fine-mesh strainer and rinse under cool, running water until the water runs clear. This removes dusty starch that can lead to gummy grains.\n\n 2. Boil the water in a small saucepan. Bring 1 1/2 cups water to a boil in a covered small saucepan over high heat.\n\n 3. Add the rice, salt, and butter. Stir in the rice, salt, and butter or oil, if using.\n\n 4. Cover and simmer for 18 to 20 minutes. Bring back to a gentle simmer. Cover, reduce the heat to low, and cook until the water is absorbed, 18 to 20 minutes.\n\n 5. Rest the rice off the heat for 10 minutes and then fluff. Remove from the heat and let the saucepan stand, covered, for 10 minutes. Uncover, fluff with a fork, and serve.\n\n#### Method 2: Cook long-grain brown rice like pasta.\n\n 1. Rinse the rice. Place the rice in a fine-mesh strainer and rinse under cool, running water until the water runs clear. This removes dusty starch that can lead to gummy grains.\n\n 2. Boil the water in a medium saucepan. Bring 8 cups of water to a boil in a covered 4-quart saucepan over high heat.\n\n 3. Add the rice and cook uncovered 33 to 35 minutes. Stir in the rice and boil, uncovered, until tender but still slightly chewy, 33 to 35 minutes.\n\n 4. Drain off excess water and steam until tender. Drain the rice in a fine-mesh strainer. Return the rice to the saucepan, cover, and steam off the heat for 10 minutes.\n\n 5. Add the salt and butter to finish. Add the salt and butter or oil, if using, fluff with a fork, and serve.\n\n#### Method 3: Use pilaf technique for aromatic rice, such as basmati or\njasmine.\n\n 1. Rinse the rice. Place the rice in a fine-mesh strainer and rinse under cool, running water until the water runs clear. This removes dusty starch that can lead to gummy grains.\n\n 2. Boil the water separately. Bring water to a boil in a small pot or electric kettle. Use 2 cups water per 1 cup basmati rice and 1 1/2 cups water per 1 cup jasmine rice.\n\n 3. Melt the butter and toast the rice. In a separate small saucepan, heat the butter or oil over medium-high heat until shimmering. Add the rice and salt, stirring until the excess water from rinsing evaporates and to coat in the butter. Sauté, stirring constantly, until a starchy film develops on the bottom of the pan and the rice smells slightly toasted, 2 minutes.\n\n 4. Carefully add the boiling water, cover, and cook for 18 minutes. Pour in the boiling water, reduce heat to low, cover, and cook until the water is completely absorbed, about 18 minutes.\n\n 5. Steam the rice off the heat for 10 minutes and then fluff. Remove from the heat. Keep covered and let steam for 10 minutes. Fluff with a fork and serve.\n\n### Recipe Notes\n\nStorage: Refrigerate leftovers in an airtight container for up to 5 days.\n\nCredit: Kitchn\n\nSaveCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nLoading...\n\nLoading...\n\nFollow us\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2020 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.minuterice.com:80/en-US/recipes/3427/CookingwithMinuteWhiteRice.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20141018062338/http://www.minuterice.com:80/en-US/recipes/3427/CookingwithMinuteWhiteRice.aspx",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Cooking with Minute White Rice",
"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Minute® - Cooking with Minute White Rice - We can help.®\n\n"
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] |
1,342,310 | How To Make Paella Valenciana | To make paella Valenciana, cook the seasoned chicken and rabbit for 15 minutes over medium-high heat, and reduce the heat to medium as you stir in green beans, cooking for 3 minutes. Then, grate a tomato and stir it into the pan along with garlic, cooking for 5 minutes before adding the saffron, chicken stock mixture, lima beans, and paprika. Simmer the mixture for 20 minutes and add rice and rosemary as the water boils. Boil the dish for 10 minutes uncovered before removing the rosemary and simmering for an additional 10 minutes. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210120170533/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/paella-valencia",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210508020756/https://www.saveur.com/chicken-rabbit-paella-recipe/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201111194251/https://www.daringgourmet.com/paella-valenciana/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143447/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paella-valenciana-recipe0-2013585"
] | train | 2,030 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/paella-valencia",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210120170533/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/paella-valencia",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Paella Valencia Recipe",
"passages": [
"Valencia is a Spanish coastal city where this dish is particularly revered. This paella features seafood, sausage and chicken but don't forget the saffron -- it is the essential spice of the dish.",
"304 calories; calories from fat 29%; fat 9.6g; saturated fat 2.5g; mono fat 4.2g; poly fat 1.6g; protein 30.3g; carbohydrates 22g; fiber 1.6g; cholesterol 139mg; iron 4.5mg; sodium 901mg; calcium 65mg.",
"I could say this is not a Valencian Paella, because it has not: onion, wine, peas, mussels... take a look to this one I founded. It's from the authentic valencian traditional recipe http://www.paella-recipe.co.uk/",
"Really great Paella! Very close to the Paella you will get in the South of Spain! Don't substitute for the spanish chorizo, it really makes the flavor stand out. We add extra mussels since our family loves them and don't add as many chicken thighs.",
"Made this without mussels only because my local grocery was out, still amazing and cant wait to make it again WITH mussels!!",
"One of my favorites, everyone always loves it... Last night I forgot to buy tomato so I used some Sabra homestyle salsa instead, and I think it was even better - gives it a little more kick and some additional flavor.",
"We skipped the chicken and chorizo and used an equivalent amount of mixed seafood (mussels, squid, crab and shrimp). I didn't have saffron so instead used turmeric and smoked paprika. Delicious!",
"Excellent! We loved this. I used a full pound of shrimp, full pound of mussels, chicken breast and Conecuh brand smoked sausage (a nod to my Alabama roots). I used a small can of diced tomatoes, drained very well. I also added 1/8 teaspoon of turmeric in addition to the saffron (it brings out the gold color even more).",
"really great! this was my first paella and it was very well-received. left out the mussels, added scallops, and cooked the sausage, shrimp, and scallops while the paella was simmering, rather than before. very good party dish!",
"My husband and I loved this recipe and found it to be even better the 2nd day! I did substitute brown rice for Arborio rice and a more common sausage for the Spanish Chorizo sausage. We don't care for mussels, so they were left out! As far as we were concerned these changes still made a great meal night one and better lunch the next day!",
"We all felt it needed a flavor boost. Added some more S&P and some Alleppo pepper. Next time I'll do a little bit of tweaking to suit our tastes.",
"MyRecipes.com is part of the Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. MyRecipes is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporation All Rights Reserved. MyRecipes may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Paella Valencia Recipe | MyRecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore MyRecipes\n\nMyRecipes MyRecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nYour Profile\n\n### Account\n\n * Register\n * Recipe Box this link opens in a new tab\n * Newsletters\n * Email Preferences\n * Subscribe this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Paella Valencia\n\nRating: 4.5 stars\n\n14 Ratings\n\n * 1 star values: 0\n * 2 star values: 1\n * 3 star values: 0\n * 4 star values: 1\n * 5 star values: 12\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Reviews\n\n * 14 Ratings\n * 11 Reviews\n\nValencia is a Spanish coastal city where this dish is particularly revered.\nThis paella features seafood, sausage and chicken but don't forget the saffron\n-- it is the essential spice of the dish.\n\nBy David Bonom\n\nRecipe by Cooking Light September 2007\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\n## Recipe Summary\n\nYield:\n\n6 servings (serving size: 1 2/3 cups)\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n## Directions\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n304 calories; calories from fat 29%; fat 9.6g; saturated fat 2.5g; mono fat\n4.2g; poly fat 1.6g; protein 30.3g; carbohydrates 22g; fiber 1.6g; cholesterol\n139mg; iron 4.5mg; sodium 901mg; calcium 65mg.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Reviews (11)\n\nSort by: Newest\n\nNewest Oldest\n\nMichael\n\nRating: 2 stars\n\n09/29/2016\n\nI could say this is not a Valencian Paella, because it has not: onion, wine,\npeas, mussels... take a look to this one I founded. It's from the authentic\nvalencian traditional recipe http://www.paella-recipe.co.uk/\n\nRead More\n\nMikeg52\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/17/2014\n\nSwitched cockles for mussels and added 2 teaspoons of Spanish smoked paprika.\n\nRead More\n\nmelendbm\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/01/2013\n\nReally great Paella! Very close to the Paella you will get in the South of\nSpain! Don't substitute for the spanish chorizo, it really makes the flavor\nstand out. We add extra mussels since our family loves them and don't add as\nmany chicken thighs.\n\nRead More\n\nrunningcook\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/24/2013\n\nMade this without mussels only because my local grocery was out, still amazing\nand cant wait to make it again WITH mussels!!\n\nRead More\n\njjakmides\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/10/2012\n\nOne of my favorites, everyone always loves it... Last night I forgot to buy\ntomato so I used some Sabra homestyle salsa instead, and I think it was even\nbetter - gives it a little more kick and some additional flavor.\n\nRead More\n\ntara31\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/31/2011\n\nWe skipped the chicken and chorizo and used an equivalent amount of mixed\nseafood (mussels, squid, crab and shrimp). I didn't have saffron so instead\nused turmeric and smoked paprika. Delicious!\n\nRead More\n\ndorothyb\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/21/2011\n\nExcellent! We loved this. I used a full pound of shrimp, full pound of\nmussels, chicken breast and Conecuh brand smoked sausage (a nod to my Alabama\nroots). I used a small can of diced tomatoes, drained very well. I also added\n1/8 teaspoon of turmeric in addition to the saffron (it brings out the gold\ncolor even more).\n\nRead More\n\nCookjess\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/21/2010\n\nreally great! this was my first paella and it was very well-received. left out\nthe mussels, added scallops, and cooked the sausage, shrimp, and scallops\nwhile the paella was simmering, rather than before. very good party dish!\n\nRead More\n\nDougboy\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n03/10/2010\n\nI'm a paella lover so I may be biased, but this dish was excellent!\n\nRead More\n\ndeebi547580\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/21/2009\n\nMy husband and I loved this recipe and found it to be even better the 2nd day!\nI did substitute brown rice for Arborio rice and a more common sausage for the\nSpanish Chorizo sausage. We don't care for mussels, so they were left out! As\nfar as we were concerned these changes still made a great meal night one and\nbetter lunch the next day!\n\nRead More\n\nGayleP25\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n05/18/2009\n\nWe all felt it needed a flavor boost. Added some more S&P and some Alleppo\npepper. Next time I'll do a little bit of tweaking to suit our tastes.\n\nRead More\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nSuccess!\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\nBack to Paella Valencia\n\n## All Reviews for Paella Valencia\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\n## Login\n\nMyRecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMyRecipes.com is part of the Allrecipes Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporation. MyRecipes is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporation All\nRights Reserved. MyRecipes may receive compensation for some links to products\nand services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice.\nPrivacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in\na new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis\nlink opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright 2021 myrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\nhttps://www.myrecipes.com 01/20/2021\n\n## View image\n\nPaella Valencia\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.saveur.com/chicken-rabbit-paella-recipe/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210508020756/https://www.saveur.com/chicken-rabbit-paella-recipe/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Valencian Chicken and Rabbit Paella",
"passages": [
"Born among the orchards, gardens, and groves around Valencia, the original paella draws on ingredients from the fields rather than the sea. Rabbit, chicken, and a few types of local beans form the heart of this rustic dish. Searing them in the pan, then simmering the meat and bones for 20 minutes before adding the rice, fortifies the stock for a more intensely flavored paella.",
"1 lb. bone-in chicken thighs and legs, most but not all of the skin removed, meat cut into 2- to 3-inch pieces",
"In a small dry skillet, add the saffron over medium-high heat. Cook, shaking the pan occasionally, until the strands are brittle and darken slightly, 3–4 minutes. Remove to a small bowl and grind the saffron between fingers. Set aside.",
"Season the chicken and rabbit with 1 teaspoon salt. Combine the chicken stock with 4 cups water and set the meat and the stock mixture separately next to the stove.",
"In a 17- to 18-inch paella pan, heat the oil over medium-high heat. Once hot, add the chicken and rabbit pieces and cook, turning the pieces and rotating the pan as needed over the heat source, until the meat is deeply browned on all sides, about 15 minutes. Lower the heat to medium and add the green beans. Cook, stirring and turning the beans occasionally, until lightly browned, about 3 minutes. Add the tomato and garlic and cook, stirring frequently, 5 minutes. Stir in the pimentón, then immediately pour in the stock mixture. Add the lima beans and saffron.",
"Raise the heat to medium-high and bring the liquid to a boil; reduce to a gentle boil and let cook, rotating the pan occasionally over the heat source as needed, for 20 minutes. Taste the liquid and add up to 1 tsp. salt if needed. Return the heat to high and bring the liquid back to a strong boil. Add the rosemary sprig, then sprinkle the rice around the pan. Using a wooden spoon, make sure the rice is evenly distributed and all the grains are submerged (this should be the last time you stir the paella); cook for 10 minutes over high heat. Remove and discard the rosemary sprig. Lower the heat to low and simmer gently, rotating the pan over the heat source as needed, until the liquid is absorbed and the rice grains are just tender but still have an al dente bite to them, 10–15 minutes. (If all of the liquid has evaporated and the rice is still not done, drizzle some additional stock or water over the rice where needed and continue cooking for a few minutes more.) If needed, to develop soccarat, turn the heat back up to medium and cook, watching and smelling closely for burning, until the rice at the bottom of the pan browns and crisps slightly, 1–2 minutes. Remove from the heat.",
"Let the rice rest for 5 minutes before serving to allow the starches to firm up slightly. (If the top layer of rice seems a tad too firm, cover the pan with a few paper towels or a clean kitchen towel while it rests.)",
"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Valencian Chicken and Rabbit Paella\n\n * TOPICS\n\n * Recipes\n * Photo Galleries\n * Food\n * Drink\n * Shop\n * Travel\n * Style + Home\n * FOLLOW US\n\n * Instagram\n * Facebook\n * Email\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Youtube\n * RSS\n * MORE SAVEUR\n\n * Issue Archive\n * Blog Awards\n * Recipe Collections\n * Cookbook Club\n * Events\n\nSOCIAL\n\n# Valencian Chicken and Rabbit Paella\n\nBy Jeff Koehler July 20, 2017\n\n * Recipes\n\nMarcus Nilsson\n\nSHARE\n\nBorn among the orchards, gardens, and groves around Valencia, the original\npaella draws on ingredients from the fields rather than the sea. Rabbit,\nchicken, and a few types of local beans form the heart of this rustic dish.\nSearing them in the pan, then simmering the meat and bones for 20 minutes\nbefore adding the rice, fortifies the stock for a more intensely flavored\npaella.\n\n### Your complete guide to mastering the Spanish essential and scoring perfect\nsoccarat\n\nFeatured in: How to Make the Ultimate Paella\n\nPaella Valenciana (Rabbit and Chicken Paella from Valencia)\n\nThe original paellas, like this one, draw from ingredients in the fields\nrather than the sea.\n\nYield: serves 4 people\n\nTime:\n\n1 hour, 15 minutes\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 1 generous pinch saffron threads (loosely packed 1⁄4 tsp.)\n * 1 lb. bone-in chicken thighs and legs, most but not all of the skin removed, meat cut into 2- to 3-inch pieces\n * 1 lb. cleaned rabbit on the bone, cut into 2- to 3-inch pieces\n * 2 tsp. kosher salt\n * 4 ^1⁄_2 cups chicken stock\n * 3 tbsp. extra-virgin olive oil\n * ^1⁄_2 lb. flat green beans, trimmed and cut into 2- to 3-inch pieces\n * 2 ripe medium tomatoes, seeded then grated on a box grater\n * 1 garlic clove, minced\n * 1 tsp. Spanish pimentón dulce (sweet paprika)\n * ^1⁄_2 lb. shucked mature lima beans, fresh or frozen and thawed (about 2 cups)\n * 1 fresh rosemary sprig\n * 2 cups bomba rice or another short- or medium-grain Spanish rice\n\n## Instructions\n\n 1. In a small dry skillet, add the saffron over medium-high heat. Cook, shaking the pan occasionally, until the strands are brittle and darken slightly, 3–4 minutes. Remove to a small bowl and grind the saffron between fingers. Set aside.\n 2. Season the chicken and rabbit with 1 teaspoon salt. Combine the chicken stock with 4 cups water and set the meat and the stock mixture separately next to the stove.\n 3. In a 17- to 18-inch paella pan, heat the oil over medium-high heat. Once hot, add the chicken and rabbit pieces and cook, turning the pieces and rotating the pan as needed over the heat source, until the meat is deeply browned on all sides, about 15 minutes. Lower the heat to medium and add the green beans. Cook, stirring and turning the beans occasionally, until lightly browned, about 3 minutes. Add the tomato and garlic and cook, stirring frequently, 5 minutes. Stir in the pimentón, then immediately pour in the stock mixture. Add the lima beans and saffron.\n 4. Raise the heat to medium-high and bring the liquid to a boil; reduce to a gentle boil and let cook, rotating the pan occasionally over the heat source as needed, for 20 minutes. Taste the liquid and add up to 1 tsp. salt if needed. Return the heat to high and bring the liquid back to a strong boil. Add the rosemary sprig, then sprinkle the rice around the pan. Using a wooden spoon, make sure the rice is evenly distributed and all the grains are submerged (this should be the last time you stir the paella); cook for 10 minutes over high heat. Remove and discard the rosemary sprig. Lower the heat to low and simmer gently, rotating the pan over the heat source as needed, until the liquid is absorbed and the rice grains are just tender but still have an al dente bite to them, 10–15 minutes. (If all of the liquid has evaporated and the rice is still not done, drizzle some additional stock or water over the rice where needed and continue cooking for a few minutes more.) If needed, to develop soccarat, turn the heat back up to medium and cook, watching and smelling closely for burning, until the rice at the bottom of the pan browns and crisps slightly, 1–2 minutes. Remove from the heat.\n 5. Let the rice rest for 5 minutes before serving to allow the starches to firm up slightly. (If the top layer of rice seems a tad too firm, cover the pan with a few paper towels or a clean kitchen towel while it rests.)\n\n#### MORE TO READ\n\n * RELATED\n\n### Sauce Tomate\n\nDon't call it marinara.\n\nREAD NOW\n\n * RELATED\n\n### Hollandaise Sauce\n\nEgg yolk and clarified butter bond in this...\n\n * RELATED\n\n### Béchamel Sauce\n\nChef Hélène Darroze seasons her classic béchamel sauce...\n\nWant more Saveur?\n\nGet the world's best recipes and kitchen tips in your inbox.\n\nLET'S GO\n\n## Links\n\n## Follow us\n\n## DISCLAIMER(S)\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites. Registration on or use of this\nsite constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service.\n\n© 2021 Acton Media. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.daringgourmet.com/paella-valenciana/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111194251/https://www.daringgourmet.com/paella-valenciana/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Valencian Paella Recipe",
"passages": [
"It’s no wonder paella is the national dish of Spain because this delicious and drop-dead gorgeous dish is simply phenomenal! This Valencian paella recipe is a one-pot rice dish that’s easy to make and perfect for casual weeknights, a romantic dinner or for entertaining!",
"Paella, paella, paella...it sounds like a romantic melody. And paella really does conjure up an image of romance, don’t you think? You’ve seen those movie scenes where the guy stops by the girl’s apartment with a bag of groceries in one hand and a paella pan in the other, ready for a romantic night in. This paella recipe is all you need for that perfect date night in!",
"One of the most famous of the world’s national dishes, paella – the word deriving from the Old French word paelle for “pan” – is also one of the most delicious with a colorful palette of ingredient options.",
"For the same reason I love Chinese stir fries, paella is such a great medium for adding lots of healthy veggies and you can create any combination under the sun. Paella makes for a wonderfully wholesome one-pot dish that lends itself to endless creativity.",
"The paella recipe we’re making today comes from Valencia, Spain. We toured Spain last Summer and Valencia was one of our stops.",
"A city with a rich culture and heritage, Valencia is known for its combining of history with ultra modernity. Its beautiful historic buildings are juxtaposed with futuristic structures reminiscent of something in a sci-fi movie. Indeed, Valencia is known as The City of Arts and Sciences.",
"A truly traditional Valencian paella recipe would include rabbit and snails in addition to the chicken but I couldn’t find rabbit – and I didn’t want to find snails – so those two ingredients have been omitted.",
"Traditional Paella Valenciana also includes a third kind of bean, a white bean, that’s hard to find outside of Spain.",
"But our paella captures the spirit of Valencia with its other traditional ingredients like chicken, beans, artichokes, peppers, rosemary and its rich saffron-colored rice.",
"Modern technology has almost completely replaced the traditional open-fire method of making paella, but Valencian cooks have found ways to replicate the flame-kissed characteristics of paella by adding smoked paprika and rosemary (for a woodsy flavor) and adding artichokes to darken the color. Another popular method is to cook the paella on a grill.",
"This past weekend I had an opportunity to attend a Paella Party in Seattle sponsored by Culinary Collective, an importer of gourmet cultural foods from Spain and Peru. I was able to meet several wonderful brands in person and sample their products. And I was also able to finally meet the producers of a brand I absolutely love and have been using for nearly 2 years: Aneto. They’re the Barcelona-based makers of my favorite broths.",
"I was also able to soak up some paella inspiration from the Aneto team and dream about our upcoming trip to Spain.",
"For a dish as famous and beloved as paella, it packs a lot of controversy, even though there’s no clear consensus on the rules of paella-making. At least when it comes to ingredient combinations. Indeed, many of the traditional “rules” are broken even in Valencia.",
"To do so constitutes the ultimate offense and comes with a heavy penalty. Okay, not really. But do not stir the rice. And the reason behind that isn’t just nonsensical tradition. It is the key to paella’s flavor. Not stirring allows you to achieve the ever sacred socarrat – that cripsy golden brown crust that forms at the bottom and is the most coveted part of paella.",
"For our Paella Valencia we’re using hands-down THE best paella base you’ll find anywhere. It’s made by Aneto, my favorite broth manufacturer, and it’s an all-natural broth made in Barcelona from the freshest vegetables, meats, herbs and spices and slow-cooked to achieve a flavor that is simply unmatched. No need to add saffron, it’s already in the broth.",
"For more information about Aneto and what sets them apart, join us as we take a tour of their factory in Spain.",
"Matiz’ paella rice is grown is Spain and the small grains perform particularly well for paella, yielding a perfect texture and consistency.",
"Matiz’ roasted Piquillo peppers are hand-picked in northern Spain and produced without any chemicals. They’re slow-roasted over an open wood fire and have in incredibly rich and complex flavor. I found myself popping several in my mouth while laying them out on the paella. They are so good!",
"You’ll also need a paella pan. You can use a regular skillet but a paella pan is constructed for optimal results. Some come with dimples on the base for even heat distribution. And whatever size you choose will depend on your cooking surface and how many people you plan to feed. I used a 34 cm paella pan for this dish.",
"Heat some oil in the paella pan over medium heat, then add and brown the chicken pieces on both sides.",
"Add the paella rice, stir and cook for another 3-4 minutes, adding a little more oil if needed. Add a little salt and pepper.",
"Simmer over medium-low heat for about 20 minutes or until the rice is done, rotating the pan as needed to cook the rice towards the outside of the rim. At the end of the cooking you can increase the heat for a few minutes to further caramelize the socarrat, the crispy golden-browned bottom.",
"Heat the oil in the paella pan over medium heat, then add and brown the chicken pieces on both sides. Transfer the chicken to a plate.",
"Add the onions and garlic and cook until soft and translucent, 4-5 minutes. Add the green beans and lima beans and cook for a couple of minutes. Lastly add the paella rice, stir and cook for another 3-4 minutes, adding a little more oil if needed. Add the salt and pepper.",
"Position the beans the way you'd like them to appear in the final dish. Pour the paello broth into the pan. Remember the cardinal rule: DO NOT STIR. Once the mixture begins to bubble, position the chicken pieces in the pan followed by the artichokes and then top with the Piquillo peppers. Place some sprigs of rosemary on top.",
"Simmer uncovered for about 20 minutes or until the rice is done, rotating the pan as needed to cook the rice towards the rim of the pan. At the end of the cooking you can increase the heat for a few minutes to further caramelize the socarrat, the crispy golden-browned bottom.",
"Calories: 637kcal | Carbohydrates: 75g | Protein: 27g | Fat: 23g | Saturated Fat: 5g | Cholesterol: 110mg | Sodium: 732mg | Potassium: 557mg | Fiber: 6g | Sugar: 3g | Vitamin A: 935IU | Vitamin C: 20.6mg | Calcium: 55mg | Iron: 5.5mg",
"I made your Paella Valenciana recipe tonight. It was delicious! This is the second time I’ve made a paella. The first time was years ago, and that turned out well, too. That time I made it a little differently with at least one different bean and my proteins were actual snails (no shells) and duck (I couldn’t get rabbit at the time. I don’t remember if that time I achieved a socarrat. This time it didn’t quite happen. Is there a way I might make it happen when reheating the leftovers? I’m going to refrigerate it overnight in the pan. I did not use an authentic paella pan, but used a 12′′ fairly shallow stainless steel pan. Maybe if I add a bit of olive oil to the leftovers and then heat it on a medium-high temp then turn down the heat to low and cover it with foil for a bit to heat the rest? Only my husband and I ate it tonight.",
"I’m so glad you enjoyed it, Elaine, thank you! Yes, that’s probably the best way to see if you can get the crispy bottom on the leftovers.",
"Hi, I haven’t tried the recipe yet, but just came home from 4 weeks in Spain and wanted to recreate paella! We did not go to Valencia, but spent our time in Andalusia, where the paella is probably not as authentic, but I don’t think any of our paellas had any type of beans. Many North American recipes add green peas, which I know is not authentic. I’ll add garbanzo beans, because they served them often in Andalusia, and because I love them. I don’t have a paella pan, so I’ll use my well-seasoned cast iron fry pan, and I will try not to stir, but that will be difficult! Thanks so much for this recipe!",
"Hi Sandra, yes, you’ll see many variations across Spain. We covered 3000 miles on our last trip and everyone does it a little differently. This recipe presents a very traditional Valencian paella, minus the snails. Paella is a lot of fun to make and eat, I hope you enjoy it. And your choice to spend your time in Andalusia was a great one. We fell in love with southern Spain in particular.",
"Thanks, Kimberly. Great recipe and step by step instruction. I’ve been making paella for years, usually over a wood or charcoal fire, and am a bit of a perfectionist with technique and respect for tradition. But with all things adapted to a home kitchen I find a little ingenuity and “intelligent disobedience” may be in order. Most especially important is getting a uniform cooking across the pan on the small burners characteristic of American stoves. First, I support the pan on a wok ring (for indoor cooking I favor a 15 inch Pata Negra pan) – – the wok ring elevates the pan to receive a broader heat source for more uniform heating. Secondly, just before the rice is halfway done, I fold the rice from the edge of the pan to the center, and the rice from the center out to the edges . . . this may contradict the “no stir” policy, but results in more uniformly cooked rice while still allowing more than enough cooking time for a proper succarat to form. Hope others may find these indoor paella cooking tips helpful.",
"This paella valenciana absolutely something new for me! Looks yummy! Thx for sharing recipe, I definitely add it to my cookbook!",
"It took me a few days to order all the ingredients but the wait was well worth it! This paella is EXCELLENT! No need to look any further for recipes, this one hit the jackpot. Looking forward to trying your seafood paella next (already have the Aneto broth). Thanks, Kimberly!",
"Wonderful, Tim, I’m so happy to hear that, thank you! I’m confident you’re going to love the seafood paella too. Aneto’s broths are amazing!",
"Definitely your paella valenciana is awesomeness! This is a great recipe Kimberly, as you know I made it a short while ago and it was lovely, in fact have made it again since. Thx for sharing recipe, i definitely add it to my cookbook!",
"Even heat is crucial. Another sin often committed is the covering the dish with foil. The rice needs to cook in the broth not steam in the vapors.",
"Definitely, Jeremy. Also, rotating the pan helps ensure an even crust on the bottom. Tin foil: That’s generally just done for seafood paella at the very end so that the clams and mussels can steam and open up.",
"Hi Kimberley, my name is Mayte and I come from Madrid (Spain). I must congratulate you for your wonderful paella and your interest in trying a real one. It’s difficult to find a good paella outside Valencia, but yours looks great.",
"Kimberley, I have no access to your stock base Aneto. What else can I use ? A good chicken stock is also elusive but I could make my own. Thanks Thai Paul",
"I was so glad to discover your site AND find your Paella recipe. WHY? First, I love to cook and especially like your recipe pictures. Second, I am so “tired” of my husband of 31 years talking about Paella, and why can’t I make it someday (I’m sure he is kidding-maybe). He went to Europe while in college and tells me at least once a month about the Paella he had in Spain! He loves to cook also, but he has been as hesitant to make Paella as I am. He is such a good guy that I would like to make your recipe as a surprise for our anniversary. He loves Pistachio ice cream and might try that recipe also. This will not be until end of April but I will let you know how it goes!",
"Wonderful, Lynn! That is so exciting – after 31 years finally a gorgeous homemade paella on your anniversary table! I hope you both enjoy the meal and yes, please let us know how it goes! (P.S. Pistachio ice cream is one of my very favorites, too :) If you end up not having the time to make it yourself, Haagen Dazs makes a good one.)",
"Hm. The whole point of such dishes is meat and veggies and rice mixing their flavors. And usually it’s – 0) oil 1) veggies 2) meat 3) water and spices 4) rice There is no such thing as “paello broth” – it is actually prepared on step 3)",
"I’m not sure why s1 would fry uncooked rice in oil as in this recipe. Normally crust is formed because paella pan is large and some rice is sitting on the bottom(in oil) and some rice is not. So the browning of the rice does occur either way if that’s the goal.",
"Also, f.e. wiki has different recipe for “Valencia Paella”. And.. well.. removing meat and prohibiting it to be infused with flavors from veggies.. is just wrong ; ) Not to mention the fact that it’s not always all-chicken dish, f.e. commonly used rabbit should be cooked a bit longer – exactly why you add water to the meat after it’s fried.",
"Agreed, I wouldn’t trust everything from Wiki – yes, the meat should be simmered with everything else and yes, as mentioned in my post, Paella Valenciana traditionally incorporates rabbit and snails. Sauteing rice in oil first is a common way to approach cooking rice in general for the following reasons: 1) It helps prevent the rice from releasing too much starch while cooking, 2) Helps prevent the rice from sticking together, and 3) It helps improve the texture of the rice by preventing it from becoming mushy.",
"I’m from Valencia my grandfather teach me how to cook a real paella, I have to say this recipe is really good explained",
"Omg i just made this dish and it came out soooo good. I did not have lima beans, artichoke and string beans and i replaced them with mushrooms and peas. I was a little worried thinking it might not come out too good because of these replacements but boy was I wrong. me and my hubby finished everything we couldn’t stop eating. Definitely the base and the special rice are everything, wouldn’t do paella without them. I also didn’t have the special paella pan and i used a 12′′ deep T-fal pan. Absolutely delicious, thanks for a great recipe",
"Wow! Nice one! Well done! But as a Valencian paella lover, (I go to Alicante all the years), I have to say that the authentic Valencian paella, doesn’t have onion. That’s because it changes the texture of the rice and make it more glutinous, like rissotto. I’ve tried to find lots of recipes in the Internet and it’s very difficult to find one close to the traditional recipe.",
"Thank you, Daring Gourmet for this lovely giveaway! Thank you from the bottom of my heart, as I was selected winner. I will be sure and share my first attempt at paella in my new pan as soon as I receive this wonderful gift blessing!!!",
"My husband & I love paella, but only eat it when dining out because it seems so complicated. Your recipe, with the step-by-step directions and pictures make me want to definitely want to give paella a try. Thank you.",
"My husband lived in southern Spain for a while, and we continue attempting to recreate the paella as he remembers it. A skillet just doesn’t do it justice. Thanks, and cheers to this!",
"I love the way the flavors of the ingredients in paella all come together to produce a magically delicious dish.",
"Paella is one of those dishes that I can change up depending on what I have on hand, and it’s a one pot meal that’s easy to make and satisfying.",
"My husband has been diabetic for many years and I am now pre-diabetic so we have decided to follow the Michael Mosley 8 week blood sugar diet. This is basically a very low calorie Mediterranean diet. Everything that we eat noiw is made from scratch and this recipe looks like a wonderful one to continue our healthy eating plan.",
"I have always been fascinated by Paella! I had the opportunity to have it in Portugal, but I felt it might have been geared towards tourists and was a tad disappointed by it. I want to try it at home. I love the detailed posts you give, along with your pictures. Yours is a favorite blog of mine, thank you for doing what you do!",
"Yum! I want to make paella ASAP, but even more, after seeing your photos, I want to visit Valencia and take the ferry across to Morocco. Thanks for a wonderful write-up.",
"Your recipe looks wonderful. I love cooking over an open fire and paella sounds perfect for a large group. I was always thrown off by the unusual ingredients, but with just chicken for meat I will definitely give it a try.",
"This is part of my heritage! My mum would make this dish for guests, and it was a hit. I love good food!",
"I used to cook paella quite frequently, but my pan got lost in my last move. I would love to have another so that I could cook it again!",
"it’s always fun to make a paella, we like different takes on this dish, using shrimp or chicken and lots of vegetables",
"I have eaten a few versions of paella and I have loved every one of them but I have never made it myself. This recipe looks so good and seems very doable. Thanks for the chance to win.",
"I’d love to try paella because I always see it on the menu or read it in books, but I’ve just never had it! I want to know what I should be thinking when I read that word :)",
"Paella is one of my favorite dishes of all time! I love so many different varieties of paella and I can’t believe I still don’t have a paella pan after all these years. Thanks for the giveaway!",
"If I win, I will not stir the rice. It’ll be difficult to resist but I love paella! Thanks for the recipe and giveaway. :)",
"I have yet to make paella at home. For some reason I always thought it was so difficult to make but you make it look really easy. I must try it! First I need to get myself one of those pans ;)",
"I honestly always thought paella was too difficult or complicated to make at home, not realizing that it could be done in one pan! thanks for the tips and chance to win.",
"We all love paella here...especially my husband. He always gets it when we go to a Spanish restaurant. He would be so excited if we had one of those paella pans...like beyond excited!",
"Oh my gosh this looks amazing! I love paella and used to make it all the time – you’ve inspired me with your beautiful pictures and amazing recipe, looks just fabulous!",
"Paella, oh Paella haha it does sound romantic haha. I’ve never made paella but I LOVE IT. I had NO idea that you didn’t stir paella hahaha. I guess it’s a good thing that I read your blog before I tried to make it on my own! Thanks for the giveaway!!",
"I just LOVE paella! It is such a gorgeous dish and yours is no exception! So many wonderful flavors here!",
"A paella party sounds like so much fun! I’ve never made paella, but I need to remedy that...your recipe is gorgeous! I loved the travel photos in this post too.",
"Thanks for the step by step photos — that demystified this process a lot for me! What a beautiful paella!",
"I LOVE this post and I feeling SO inspired to make paella!!! Your pictures are absolutely gorgeous, your paella looks mouthwatering, and I can’t wait to try it! Thanks so much for this wonderful recipe and all the product recommendations, I look forward to trying the out!",
"This is seriously the most mouthwatering paella recipe that I’ve ever read. I’m not a huge fan of anything that wears a shell, so to say that I’m thrilled that you use chicken is an understatement. LOVE this so much!",
"I am absolutely in love with your whole post. The photos are beautiful and you were so lucky to get to go to the Culinary Collective. That paella base looks dreamy. Entering!",
"This is dumb but I’ve never had paella. I’m a picky eater and thought I wouldn’t like it but after seeing the ingredients, I think it sounds delicious!",
"Oh, how I love paella, but just don’t make it often enough, even though I have a paella pan in my cupboard. You’ve inspired me to change that!",
"What a gorgeous dish! I have to admit – I have a paella pan and have never used it for paella! But you’ve inspired me to try!",
"I LOVE paella. I mean, how can you not? If one of the ingredients isn’t your bag, there’s bound to be something else in there you love, plus it’s just a beautiful, beautiful dish. I’m with you about skipping the snails, though — on a whim, I recently bought a bag of small frozen snails from the local Asian market and popped them into a pasta sauce. No one cared much for the texture.",
"How awesome is this party?! I don’t understand why someone would stir the rice to begin with but good to know :) This is something I would totally want to try!",
"I love all the details and flavors in this dish... and I’m ESPECIALLY loving that you left out the rabbit and snails :)",
"This was absolutely delicious! I followed the recipe exactly and used the Aneto cooking base and not a grain of rice was left!",
"Welcome! I’m Kimberly and I share delicious originals, revitalized classics and authentic dishes from around the world. Come travel the world through your taste buds!",
"The Daring Gourmet is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Valencian Paella Recipe - The Daring Gourmet\n\nThe Daring Gourmet\n\nGrappling Each Dish By The Horns\n\nHome » Valencian Paella Recipe\n\n# Valencian Paella Recipe\n\nMarch 23, 2016\n\nAs an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases.\n\n247shares\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Email\n\nJump to Recipe Jump to Video Print Recipe\n\nThank you to Culinary Collective for sponsoring this post\n\nIt’s no wonder paella is the national dish of Spain because this delicious and\ndrop-dead gorgeous dish is simply phenomenal! This Valencian paella recipe is\na one-pot rice dish that’s easy to make and perfect for casual weeknights, a\nromantic dinner or for entertaining!\n\nPaella, paella, paella...it sounds like a romantic melody. And paella really\ndoes conjure up an image of romance, don’t you think? You’ve seen those movie\nscenes where the guy stops by the girl’s apartment with a bag of groceries in\none hand and a paella pan in the other, ready for a romantic night in. This\npaella recipe is all you need for that perfect date night in!\n\nOne of the most famous of the world’s national dishes, paella – the word\nderiving from the Old French word paelle for “pan” – is also one of the most\ndelicious with a colorful palette of ingredient options.\n\nFor the same reason I love Chinese stir fries, paella is such a great medium\nfor adding lots of healthy veggies and you can create any combination under\nthe sun. Paella makes for a wonderfully wholesome one-pot dish that lends\nitself to endless creativity.\n\nAnd paella is just so doggone fun to make!\n\nIf you haven’t already gotten into the paella groove, you must!\n\nThe paella recipe we’re making today comes from Valencia, Spain. We toured\nSpain last Summer and Valencia was one of our stops.\n\nA city with a rich culture and heritage, Valencia is known for its combining\nof history with ultra modernity. Its beautiful historic buildings are\njuxtaposed with futuristic structures reminiscent of something in a sci-fi\nmovie. Indeed, Valencia is known as The City of Arts and Sciences.\n\nStunning, isn’t it?\n\nLet’s talk briefly about tradition.\n\nA truly traditional Valencian paella recipe would include rabbit and snails in\naddition to the chicken but I couldn’t find rabbit – and I didn’t want to find\nsnails – so those two ingredients have been omitted.\n\nTraditional Paella Valenciana also includes a third kind of bean, a white\nbean, that’s hard to find outside of Spain.\n\nBut our paella captures the spirit of Valencia with its other traditional\ningredients like chicken, beans, artichokes, peppers, rosemary and its rich\nsaffron-colored rice.\n\nModern technology has almost completely replaced the traditional open-fire\nmethod of making paella, but Valencian cooks have found ways to replicate the\nflame-kissed characteristics of paella by adding smoked paprika and rosemary\n(for a woodsy flavor) and adding artichokes to darken the color. Another\npopular method is to cook the paella on a grill.\n\nThis past weekend I had an opportunity to attend a Paella Party in Seattle\nsponsored by Culinary Collective, an importer of gourmet cultural foods from\nSpain and Peru. I was able to meet several wonderful brands in person and\nsample their products. And I was also able to finally meet the producers of a\nbrand I absolutely love and have been using for nearly 2 years: Aneto. They’re\nthe Barcelona-based makers of my favorite broths.\n\nI was also able to soak up some paella inspiration from the Aneto team and\ndream about our upcoming trip to Spain.\n\nFor a dish as famous and beloved as paella, it packs a lot of controversy,\neven though there’s no clear consensus on the rules of paella-making. At least\nwhen it comes to ingredient combinations. Indeed, many of the traditional\n“rules” are broken even in Valencia.\n\nStill, there is at least one rule that every paella purist will insist upon.\nAbove and beyond all:\n\nDO NOT STIR THE RICE.\n\nTo do so constitutes the ultimate offense and comes with a heavy penalty.\nOkay, not really. But do not stir the rice. And the reason behind that isn’t\njust nonsensical tradition. It is the key to paella’s flavor. Not stirring\nallows you to achieve the ever sacred socarrat – that cripsy golden brown\ncrust that forms at the bottom and is the most coveted part of paella.\n\nNow that we’ve covered that important base, are you ready to create a paella\nparty of your own?\n\nThen let’s get started!\n\nFor our Paella Valencia we’re using hands-down THE best paella base you’ll\nfind anywhere. It’s made by Aneto, my favorite broth manufacturer, and it’s an\nall-natural broth made in Barcelona from the freshest vegetables, meats, herbs\nand spices and slow-cooked to achieve a flavor that is simply unmatched. No\nneed to add saffron, it’s already in the broth.\n\nFor more information about Aneto and what sets them apart, join us as we take\na tour of their factory in Spain.\n\nAneto’s Valencian Paella Cooking Base is amazing and will absolutely transform\nyour paella!\n\nMatiz’ paella rice is grown is Spain and the small grains perform particularly\nwell for paella, yielding a perfect texture and consistency.\n\nMatiz’ roasted Piquillo peppers are hand-picked in northern Spain and produced\nwithout any chemicals. They’re slow-roasted over an open wood fire and have in\nincredibly rich and complex flavor. I found myself popping several in my mouth\nwhile laying them out on the paella. They are so good!\n\nYou’ll also need a paella pan. You can use a regular skillet but a paella pan\nis constructed for optimal results. Some come with dimples on the base for\neven heat distribution. And whatever size you choose will depend on your\ncooking surface and how many people you plan to feed. I used a 34 cm paella\npan for this dish.\n\nNow let’s roll up our sleeves and make some paella!\n\nHeat some oil in the paella pan over medium heat, then add and brown the\nchicken pieces on both sides.\n\nTransfer the chicken to a plate. Add the onions and garlic and cook until soft\nand translucent, 4-5 minutes.\n\nAdd the green beans and lima beans and cook for a couple of minutes.\n\nAdd the paella rice, stir and cook for another 3-4 minutes, adding a little\nmore oil if needed. Add a little salt and pepper.\n\nPosition the beans the way you’d like them to appear in the final dish.\n\nPour the paello broth base into the pan.\n\nRemember the cardinal rule: DO NOT STIR.\n\nOnce the mixture begins to bubble, position the chicken pieces in the pan.\n\nPlace the artichokes around the pan.\n\nPlace some strips of piquillo peppers on top.\n\nPlace some sprigs of rosemary on top.\n\nRemember the idea is to position everything the way you want it to appear in\nthe finished dish.\n\nSimmer over medium-low heat for about 20 minutes or until the rice is done,\nrotating the pan as needed to cook the rice towards the outside of the rim. At\nthe end of the cooking you can increase the heat for a few minutes to further\ncaramelize the socarrat, the crispy golden-browned bottom.\n\nPlace the paella pan on the table and let the party begin!\n\n*THIS GIVEAWAY HAS ENDED* Congratulations to our winner, Sharla!\n\na Rafflecopter giveaway\n\nBe sure to also try this delicious Seafood Paella (Paella de Marisco)!\n\n# Pin Me!\n\n## Valencian Paella\n\nKimberly Killebrew\n\nDiscover why this delicious and fun-to-make one-pot meal is the national dish\nof Spain!\n\nPrint Recipe\n\n4.78 from 18 votes\n\nPrep Time 10 mins\n\nCook Time 30 mins\n\nTotal Time 40 mins\n\nCourse Main Course\n\nServings 4 servings\n\nCalories 637 kcal\n\n###\n\nIngredients\n\n * 4 boneless chicken thighs\n * 1 small yellow onion ,chopped\n * 2 cloves garlic ,minced\n * 6 ounces fresh uncooked green beans, washed and ends trimmed\n * 3/4 cup frozen Lima beans\n * 1 1/2 cups Matiz Paella Rice\n * 3/4 teaspoons salt\n * 1/4 teaspoon freshly ground black pepper\n * 1 34 ounce carton Aneto Valencian Paella Cooking Base\n * 7 ounce can plain artichoke hearts ,drained\n * About 2 ounces Matiz Piquillo Peppers ,cut into strips\n * A few small rosemary sprigs\n * Smoked paprika for sprinkling\n * Lemon wedges for serving\n\n###\n\nInstructions\n\n * Heat the oil in the paella pan over medium heat, then add and brown the chicken pieces on both sides. Transfer the chicken to a plate.\n\n * Add the onions and garlic and cook until soft and translucent, 4-5 minutes. Add the green beans and lima beans and cook for a couple of minutes. Lastly add the paella rice, stir and cook for another 3-4 minutes, adding a little more oil if needed. Add the salt and pepper.\n\n * Position the beans the way you'd like them to appear in the final dish. Pour the paello broth into the pan. Remember the cardinal rule: DO NOT STIR. Once the mixture begins to bubble, position the chicken pieces in the pan followed by the artichokes and then top with the Piquillo peppers. Place some sprigs of rosemary on top.\n\n * Simmer uncovered for about 20 minutes or until the rice is done, rotating the pan as needed to cook the rice towards the rim of the pan. At the end of the cooking you can increase the heat for a few minutes to further caramelize the socarrat, the crispy golden-browned bottom.\n\n * Sprinkle with some smoked paprika and serve with lemon wedges.\n\n###\n\nVideo\n\n###\n\nNotes\n\nIf you're using Aneto's paella cooking base it already has saffron in it so\nneed to add extra.\n\n###\n\nNutrition\n\nCalories: 637kcal | Carbohydrates: 75g | Protein: 27g | Fat: 23g | Saturated\nFat: 5g | Cholesterol: 110mg | Sodium: 732mg | Potassium: 557mg | Fiber: 6g |\nSugar: 3g | Vitamin A: 935IU | Vitamin C: 20.6mg | Calcium: 55mg | Iron: 5.5mg\n\nTried this recipe?Click HERE to rate it!\n\nDisclosure: Thank you to Culinary Collective for sponsoring this post.\n\nPhotos courtesy David Iliff and Diego Delso via cc licensing\n\n247shares\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Email\n\nFiled Under: Affiliate, All Recipes, By Country or Region, By Course, Chicken,\nDisclosure, Food, Giveaways, Gluten Free, Locations, Main Dishes, Spain,\nSpain, Travel, Valencia, Western Europe Tagged With: artichokes, chicken, main\ndish, paella, peppers, piquillo peppers, rice, rosemary, Spain, Spanish,\nvalencia, valencian paella\n\n« French Lentil Soup\n\nRhubarb Flowers: What To Do When Rhubarb Bolts and Goes To Seed »\n\n### 99 Responses\n\n 1. Elaine says\n\nMarch 31, 2019 at 4:21 pm\n\nI made your Paella Valenciana recipe tonight. It was delicious! This is the\nsecond time I’ve made a paella. The first time was years ago, and that turned\nout well, too. That time I made it a little differently with at least one\ndifferent bean and my proteins were actual snails (no shells) and duck (I\ncouldn’t get rabbit at the time. I don’t remember if that time I achieved a\nsocarrat. This time it didn’t quite happen. Is there a way I might make it\nhappen when reheating the leftovers? I’m going to refrigerate it overnight in\nthe pan. I did not use an authentic paella pan, but used a 12′′ fairly shallow\nstainless steel pan. Maybe if I add a bit of olive oil to the leftovers and\nthen heat it on a medium-high temp then turn down the heat to low and cover it\nwith foil for a bit to heat the rest? Only my husband and I ate it tonight.\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nMarch 31, 2019 at 4:42 pm\n\nI’m so glad you enjoyed it, Elaine, thank you! Yes, that’s probably the best\nway to see if you can get the crispy bottom on the leftovers.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Sandra Nelson says\n\nMarch 11, 2019 at 4:25 pm\n\nHi, I haven’t tried the recipe yet, but just came home from 4 weeks in Spain\nand wanted to recreate paella! We did not go to Valencia, but spent our time\nin Andalusia, where the paella is probably not as authentic, but I don’t think\nany of our paellas had any type of beans. Many North American recipes add\ngreen peas, which I know is not authentic. I’ll add garbanzo beans, because\nthey served them often in Andalusia, and because I love them. I don’t have a\npaella pan, so I’ll use my well-seasoned cast iron fry pan, and I will try not\nto stir, but that will be difficult! Thanks so much for this recipe!\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nMarch 11, 2019 at 4:57 pm\n\nHi Sandra, yes, you’ll see many variations across Spain. We covered 3000 miles\non our last trip and everyone does it a little differently. This recipe\npresents a very traditional Valencian paella, minus the snails. Paella is a\nlot of fun to make and eat, I hope you enjoy it. And your choice to spend your\ntime in Andalusia was a great one. We fell in love with southern Spain in\nparticular.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Robert Pisano says\n\nMarch 11, 2019 at 4:39 am\n\nThanks, Kimberly. Great recipe and step by step instruction. I’ve been making\npaella for years, usually over a wood or charcoal fire, and am a bit of a\nperfectionist with technique and respect for tradition. But with all things\nadapted to a home kitchen I find a little ingenuity and “intelligent\ndisobedience” may be in order. Most especially important is getting a uniform\ncooking across the pan on the small burners characteristic of American stoves.\nFirst, I support the pan on a wok ring (for indoor cooking I favor a 15 inch\nPata Negra pan) – – the wok ring elevates the pan to receive a broader heat\nsource for more uniform heating. Secondly, just before the rice is halfway\ndone, I fold the rice from the edge of the pan to the center, and the rice\nfrom the center out to the edges . . . this may contradict the “no stir”\npolicy, but results in more uniformly cooked rice while still allowing more\nthan enough cooking time for a proper succarat to form. Hope others may find\nthese indoor paella cooking tips helpful.\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nMarch 11, 2019 at 9:33 am\n\nHi Robert, I can definitely appreciate some “intelligent disobedience”, thanks\nfor the tips!\n\nReply\n\n 4. jessica says\n\nFebruary 10, 2019 at 11:13 am\n\nHello Kimberly, a wonderful chicken dinner recipe. I will share with my\nFacebook account. thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Paella says\n\nJanuary 2, 2019 at 5:26 pm\n\nThe best mediterranean recipe!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Bella Hardy says\n\nMay 24, 2018 at 4:38 am\n\nThis paella valenciana absolutely something new for me! Looks yummy! Thx for\nsharing recipe, I definitely add it to my cookbook!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Tim Wiedman says\n\nJanuary 29, 2018 at 2:26 pm\n\nIt took me a few days to order all the ingredients but the wait was well worth\nit! This paella is EXCELLENT! No need to look any further for recipes, this\none hit the jackpot. Looking forward to trying your seafood paella next\n(already have the Aneto broth). Thanks, Kimberly!\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nJanuary 29, 2018 at 3:55 pm\n\nWonderful, Tim, I’m so happy to hear that, thank you! I’m confident you’re\ngoing to love the seafood paella too. Aneto’s broths are amazing!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Jill Roberts @ WellnessGeeky says\n\nJanuary 10, 2018 at 6:09 am\n\nDefinitely your paella valenciana is awesomeness! This is a great recipe\nKimberly, as you know I made it a short while ago and it was lovely, in fact\nhave made it again since. Thx for sharing recipe, i definitely add it to my\ncookbook!\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nJanuary 10, 2018 at 8:24 am\n\nThanks so much, Jill!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Jeremy Lopez says\n\nJanuary 5, 2018 at 5:12 pm\n\nEven heat is crucial. Another sin often committed is the covering the dish\nwith foil. The rice needs to cook in the broth not steam in the vapors.\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nJanuary 5, 2018 at 7:27 pm\n\nDefinitely, Jeremy. Also, rotating the pan helps ensure an even crust on the\nbottom. Tin foil: That’s generally just done for seafood paella at the very\nend so that the clams and mussels can steam and open up.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Mayte says\n\nJuly 16, 2017 at 12:31 am\n\nHi Kimberley, my name is Mayte and I come from Madrid (Spain). I must\ncongratulate you for your wonderful paella and your interest in trying a real\none. It’s difficult to find a good paella outside Valencia, but yours looks\ngreat.\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nJuly 16, 2017 at 8:58 am\n\nThank you so much, Mayte, I appreciate that and thank you for visiting! :)\n\nReply\n\n 11. paul edwards says\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 2:39 am\n\nKimberley, I have no access to your stock base Aneto. What else can I use ? A\ngood chicken stock is also elusive but I could make my own. Thanks Thai Paul\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nApril 3, 2017 at 10:46 am\n\nHi Paul, yes, a good chicken stock is a must and add a pinch of saffron to the\nstock.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Lynn says\n\nMarch 6, 2017 at 8:41 pm\n\nI was so glad to discover your site AND find your Paella recipe. WHY? First, I\nlove to cook and especially like your recipe pictures. Second, I am so “tired”\nof my husband of 31 years talking about Paella, and why can’t I make it\nsomeday (I’m sure he is kidding-maybe). He went to Europe while in college and\ntells me at least once a month about the Paella he had in Spain! He loves to\ncook also, but he has been as hesitant to make Paella as I am. He is such a\ngood guy that I would like to make your recipe as a surprise for our\nanniversary. He loves Pistachio ice cream and might try that recipe also. This\nwill not be until end of April but I will let you know how it goes!\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nMarch 6, 2017 at 9:32 pm\n\nWonderful, Lynn! That is so exciting – after 31 years finally a gorgeous\nhomemade paella on your anniversary table! I hope you both enjoy the meal and\nyes, please let us know how it goes! (P.S. Pistachio ice cream is one of my\nvery favorites, too :) If you end up not having the time to make it yourself,\nHaagen Dazs makes a good one.)\n\nReply\n\n 13. lbr says\n\nFebruary 8, 2017 at 1:27 pm\n\nHm. The whole point of such dishes is meat and veggies and rice mixing their\nflavors. And usually it’s – 0) oil 1) veggies 2) meat 3) water and spices 4)\nrice There is no such thing as “paello broth” – it is actually prepared on\nstep 3)\n\nI’m not sure why s1 would fry uncooked rice in oil as in this recipe. Normally\ncrust is formed because paella pan is large and some rice is sitting on the\nbottom(in oil) and some rice is not. So the browning of the rice does occur\neither way if that’s the goal.\n\nAlso, f.e. wiki has different recipe for “Valencia Paella”. And.. well..\nremoving meat and prohibiting it to be infused with flavors from veggies.. is\njust wrong ; ) Not to mention the fact that it’s not always all-chicken dish,\nf.e. commonly used rabbit should be cooked a bit longer – exactly why you add\nwater to the meat after it’s fried.\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nFebruary 8, 2017 at 2:25 pm\n\nAgreed, I wouldn’t trust everything from Wiki – yes, the meat should be\nsimmered with everything else and yes, as mentioned in my post, Paella\nValenciana traditionally incorporates rabbit and snails. Sauteing rice in oil\nfirst is a common way to approach cooking rice in general for the following\nreasons: 1) It helps prevent the rice from releasing too much starch while\ncooking, 2) Helps prevent the rice from sticking together, and 3) It helps\nimprove the texture of the rice by preventing it from becoming mushy.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Jose Vana says\n\nDecember 15, 2016 at 2:18 pm\n\nI’m from Valencia my grandfather teach me how to cook a real paella, I have to\nsay this recipe is really good explained\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nDecember 15, 2016 at 3:10 pm\n\nThank you very much, Jose, I appreciate that! ¡Buen provecho!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Emilia says\n\nNovember 12, 2016 at 5:34 am\n\nOmg i just made this dish and it came out soooo good. I did not have lima\nbeans, artichoke and string beans and i replaced them with mushrooms and peas.\nI was a little worried thinking it might not come out too good because of\nthese replacements but boy was I wrong. me and my hubby finished everything we\ncouldn’t stop eating. Definitely the base and the special rice are everything,\nwouldn’t do paella without them. I also didn’t have the special paella pan and\ni used a 12′′ deep T-fal pan. Absolutely delicious, thanks for a great recipe\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nNovember 12, 2016 at 9:45 am\n\nFantastic, Emilia, thank you! Agreed, the Aneto base and the paella rice are\neverything. So glad you enjoyed this!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Michael Collingwood says\n\nSeptember 29, 2016 at 3:16 am\n\nWow! Nice one! Well done! But as a Valencian paella lover, (I go to Alicante\nall the years), I have to say that the authentic Valencian paella, doesn’t\nhave onion. That’s because it changes the texture of the rice and make it more\nglutinous, like rissotto. I’ve tried to find lots of recipes in the Internet\nand it’s very difficult to find one close to the traditional recipe.\n\nReply\n\n * Kimberly @ The Daring Gourmet says\n\nSeptember 29, 2016 at 9:23 am\n\nThanks for the feedback, Michael.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Sharla Derry says\n\nApril 13, 2016 at 7:38 pm\n\nThank you, Daring Gourmet for this lovely giveaway! Thank you from the bottom\nof my heart, as I was selected winner. I will be sure and share my first\nattempt at paella in my new pan as soon as I receive this wonderful gift\nblessing!!!\n\nReply\n\n 18. Linda Karney says\n\nApril 8, 2016 at 4:56 pm\n\nMy husband & I love paella, but only eat it when dining out because it seems\nso complicated. Your recipe, with the step-by-step directions and pictures\nmake me want to definitely want to give paella a try. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Heather says\n\nApril 7, 2016 at 10:24 am\n\nMy husband lived in southern Spain for a while, and we continue attempting to\nrecreate the paella as he remembers it. A skillet just doesn’t do it justice.\nThanks, and cheers to this!\n\nReply\n\n 20. Susan Christy says\n\nApril 7, 2016 at 8:12 am\n\nI love the way the flavors of the ingredients in paella all come together to\nproduce a magically delicious dish.\n\nReply\n\n 21. Rust says\n\nApril 3, 2016 at 7:57 am\n\nPaella is one of those dishes that I can change up depending on what I have on\nhand, and it’s a one pot meal that’s easy to make and satisfying.\n\nReply\n\n 22. carol clark says\n\nApril 2, 2016 at 3:38 pm\n\ni think it would be good fror our diet and that is why i want to try it\n\nReply\n\n 23. Gerri Tennant says\n\nMarch 30, 2016 at 12:28 am\n\nMy husband has been diabetic for many years and I am now pre-diabetic so we\nhave decided to follow the Michael Mosley 8 week blood sugar diet. This is\nbasically a very low calorie Mediterranean diet. Everything that we eat noiw\nis made from scratch and this recipe looks like a wonderful one to continue\nour healthy eating plan.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Gordon Stanley says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 7:52 pm\n\nVery interesting The way it is made.Would love to make.\n\nReply\n\n 25. lisa says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 12:52 pm\n\ni absolutely LOVE paella & would to have the correct tools to make it...and\nthis version looks AWESOME!\n\nReply\n\n 26. Sharla Derry says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 9:22 am\n\nI have always been fascinated by Paella! I had the opportunity to have it in\nPortugal, but I felt it might have been geared towards tourists and was a tad\ndisappointed by it. I want to try it at home. I love the detailed posts you\ngive, along with your pictures. Yours is a favorite blog of mine, thank you\nfor doing what you do!\n\nReply\n\n 27. Gretchen says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 7:15 am\n\nThis lovely tutorial (great photos!) makes me yearn to visit Spain AND make\npaella. Thanks for posting it.\n\nReply\n\n 28. Gretchen says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 7:12 am\n\nYum! I want to make paella ASAP, but even more, after seeing your photos, I\nwant to visit Valencia and take the ferry across to Morocco. Thanks for a\nwonderful write-up.\n\nReply\n\n 29. elisabeth knox says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 6:27 am\n\nI never had this dish. I sure would live to try it! One pot meals are always\nwelcome.\n\nReply\n\n 30. gina says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 6:21 am\n\nYour recipe looks wonderful. I love cooking over an open fire and paella\nsounds perfect for a large group. I was always thrown off by the unusual\ningredients, but with just chicken for meat I will definitely give it a try.\n\nReply\n\n 31. Madeleine says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 6:04 am\n\nLooks so delicious!\n\nReply\n\n 32. Lisa Patrick says\n\nMarch 29, 2016 at 5:56 am\n\nThis is part of my heritage! My mum would make this dish for guests, and it\nwas a hit. I love good food!\n\nReply\n\n 33. Donna says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 9:54 pm\n\nI have never made Paella, and love trying new dishes. Bonus a one pot meal!\n\nReply\n\n 34. Donna says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 9:53 pm\n\nLove your recipes Kim, thanks for the opportunity to win the Paella kit\n\nReply\n\n 35. Tripp says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 9:18 pm\n\nI used to cook paella quite frequently, but my pan got lost in my last move. I\nwould love to have another so that I could cook it again!\n\nReply\n\n 36. Laurie King says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 9:12 pm\n\nI’d LOVE to *WIN* this AMAZING prize package!!!!! I LOVE making New recipes\nand trying the Paella Valenciana dish would be So EXCITING For Me!!!!! I Know\nMy family would LOVE IT!!!!!!!! Thank You for the Opportunity!! God Bless!!:-)\n\nReply\n\n 37. Jennifer Essad says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 9:05 pm\n\nit’s always fun to make a paella, we like different takes on this dish, using\nshrimp or chicken and lots of vegetables\n\nReply\n\n 38. Losh says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 8:58 pm\n\nNever made nor had this but I’d definitely give it a whirl. It looks really\ngood.\n\nReply\n\n 39. MaryB says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 8:57 pm\n\nI have eaten a few versions of paella and I have loved every one of them but I\nhave never made it myself. This recipe looks so good and seems very doable.\nThanks for the chance to win.\n\nReply\n\n 40. Ally says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 3:59 pm\n\nI’d love to try paella because I always see it on the menu or read it in\nbooks, but I’ve just never had it! I want to know what I should be thinking\nwhen I read that word :)\n\nReply\n\n 41. Cathy | Lemon Tree Dwelling says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 8:52 am\n\nThese flavors!!! What an awesome dinner!\n\nReply\n\n 42. mysweetiepiepie says\n\nMarch 28, 2016 at 6:20 am\n\nI want to try paella because I love all the ingredients and know I would love\nthe dish.\n\nReply\n\n 43. Ashlyn @ Belle of the Kitchen says\n\nMarch 27, 2016 at 1:15 am\n\nAll of these flavors just sound amazing!\n\nReply\n\n 44. Jen says\n\nMarch 26, 2016 at 4:19 pm\n\nI love my Mom’s paella and that’s the only kind I’ve tried.\n\nReply\n\n 45. Michelle | A Latte Food says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 11:26 pm\n\nI’ve never made paella myself before, but I absolutely love it! This recipe\nlooks amazing!\n\nReply\n\n 46. Marlynn @ UrbanBlissLife says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 11:22 pm\n\nPaella is one of my favorite dishes of all time! I love so many different\nvarieties of paella and I can’t believe I still don’t have a paella pan after\nall these years. Thanks for the giveaway!\n\nReply\n\n 47. Sharon @Nut Free Wok says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 10:34 pm\n\nIf I win, I will not stir the rice. It’ll be difficult to resist but I love\npaella! Thanks for the recipe and giveaway. :)\n\nReply\n\n 48. Des @ Life's Ambrosia says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 10:02 pm\n\nI have yet to make paella at home. For some reason I always thought it was so\ndifficult to make but you make it look really easy. I must try it! First I\nneed to get myself one of those pans ;)\n\nReply\n\n 49. anne says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 9:25 pm\n\nI honestly always thought paella was too difficult or complicated to make at\nhome, not realizing that it could be done in one pan! thanks for the tips and\nchance to win.\n\nReply\n\n 50. Michelle | A Dish of Daily Life says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 8:33 pm\n\nWe all love paella here...especially my husband. He always gets it when we go\nto a Spanish restaurant. He would be so excited if we had one of those paella\npans...like beyond excited!\n\nReply\n\n 51. Becky Hardin | The Cookie Rookie says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 6:27 pm\n\nMy mouth is watering. Yum\n\nReply\n\n 52. Justine | Cooking and Beer says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 10:22 am\n\nAhhh! I adore a good paella, but I don’t make it nearly enough! Thanks for\nsharing this with us!\n\nReply\n\n 53. Amaree Matthews says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 8:34 am\n\nThat looks amazing! And like something my family will enjoy!\n\nReply\n\n 54. Debra @ Bowl Me Over says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 7:56 am\n\nOh my gosh this looks amazing! I love paella and used to make it all the time\n– you’ve inspired me with your beautiful pictures and amazing recipe, looks\njust fabulous!\n\nReply\n\n 55. Ashley - Forking Up says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 7:54 am\n\nOh man, it looks like a Spanish risotto. Yummmm!\n\nReply\n\n 56. Angie | Big Bear's Wife says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 6:29 am\n\nPaella, oh Paella haha it does sound romantic haha. I’ve never made paella but\nI LOVE IT. I had NO idea that you didn’t stir paella hahaha. I guess it’s a\ngood thing that I read your blog before I tried to make it on my own! Thanks\nfor the giveaway!!\n\nReply\n\n 57. Trish - Mom On Timeout says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 5:10 am\n\nI just LOVE paella! It is such a gorgeous dish and yours is no exception! So\nmany wonderful flavors here!\n\nReply\n\n 58. Faith (An Edible Mosaic) says\n\nMarch 25, 2016 at 4:44 am\n\nA paella party sounds like so much fun! I’ve never made paella, but I need to\nremedy that...your recipe is gorgeous! I loved the travel photos in this post\ntoo.\n\nReply\n\n 59. Denise M says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 9:30 pm\n\nI love the flavored rice and want to make my own without shellfish for my\nhusband\n\nReply\n\n 60. Sharon @ What The Fork Food Blog says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 7:11 pm\n\nThis looks insanely delicious, it’s been far too long since I’ve had paella!\n\nReply\n\n 61. SM says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 7:07 pm\n\nThat looks great. I loved the paella I ate while living in Spain years ago.\n\nReply\n\n 62. Melanie | Melanie Makes says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 7:02 pm\n\nYour paella is so pretty! For some reason, paella always makes me think of\nGeorge’s parents in Seinfeld.\n\nReply\n\n 63. Sarah Walker Caron (Sarah's Cucina Bella) says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 6:02 pm\n\nThanks for the step by step photos — that demystified this process a lot for\nme! What a beautiful paella!\n\nReply\n\n 64. Cathy | Lemon Tree Dwelling says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 5:25 pm\n\nGorgeous photos....and such a gorgeous dish! It sounds absolutely delicious!\n\nReply\n\n 65. Cori Landon says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 4:22 pm\n\nI LOVE this post and I feeling SO inspired to make paella!!! Your pictures are\nabsolutely gorgeous, your paella looks mouthwatering, and I can’t wait to try\nit! Thanks so much for this wonderful recipe and all the product\nrecommendations, I look forward to trying the out!\n\nReply\n\n 66. Kirsten / Comfortably Domestic says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 4:09 pm\n\nThis is seriously the most mouthwatering paella recipe that I’ve ever read.\nI’m not a huge fan of anything that wears a shell, so to say that I’m thrilled\nthat you use chicken is an understatement. LOVE this so much!\n\nReply\n\n 67. Ginny McMeans says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 3:40 pm\n\nI am absolutely in love with your whole post. The photos are beautiful and you\nwere so lucky to get to go to the Culinary Collective. That paella base looks\ndreamy. Entering!\n\nReply\n\n 68. Erin @ Texanerin Baking says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 2:22 pm\n\nThis is dumb but I’ve never had paella. I’m a picky eater and thought I\nwouldn’t like it but after seeing the ingredients, I think it sounds\ndelicious!\n\nReply\n\n * Jyoth McMinn says\n\nMarch 26, 2018 at 4:25 am\n\nYou can make this with the choice of you veggies only\n\nReply\n\n 69. Cookin Canuck says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 10:46 am\n\nOh, how I love paella, but just don’t make it often enough, even though I have\na paella pan in my cupboard. You’ve inspired me to change that!\n\nReply\n\n 70. Taylor Closet says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 10:12 am\n\nI would love to experience this type of food. Looks Great!\n\nReply\n\n 71. Martha @ A Family Feast says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 10:09 am\n\nWhat a gorgeous dish! I have to admit – I have a paella pan and have never\nused it for paella! But you’ve inspired me to try!\n\nReply\n\n 72. Marty Crosson says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 9:56 am\n\nI LOVE paella. I mean, how can you not? If one of the ingredients isn’t your\nbag, there’s bound to be something else in there you love, plus it’s just a\nbeautiful, beautiful dish. I’m with you about skipping the snails, though — on\na whim, I recently bought a bag of small frozen snails from the local Asian\nmarket and popped them into a pasta sauce. No one cared much for the texture.\n\nReply\n\n 73. G A Over says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 8:24 am\n\nLived in Spain and constantly try to recreate such a beautiful dish. Thanks.\nLoved the snails.\n\nReply\n\n 74. Lauren says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 8:16 am\n\nThis looks amazing! I would have totally skipped the snails too ;)\n\nReply\n\n 75. Florian @ContentednessCooking says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 8:15 am\n\nThis looks so bright and colorful! So full of flavor. Thanks for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 76. manda overturf says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 8:11 am\n\nI have watched paella made but never tried it.\n\nReply\n\n 77. Citra Kale @Citra's Home Diary says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 7:51 am\n\nawesome.. drooling over here.. I love your paella recipe. pinned it.\n\nReply\n\n 78. Harmony Burmeister says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 7:50 am\n\nI love one pot/pan dishes. Paella has so many options\n\nReply\n\n 79. Marye says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 5:04 am\n\nThis looks amazing, so full of both color and flavor! Yum!\n\nReply\n\n 80. Kacey @ The Cookie Writer says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 4:39 am\n\nHow awesome is this party?! I don’t understand why someone would stir the rice\nto begin with but good to know :) This is something I would totally want to\ntry!\n\nReply\n\n 81. Kelly @ Nosh and Nourish says\n\nMarch 24, 2016 at 12:34 am\n\nI love all the details and flavors in this dish... and I’m ESPECIALLY loving\nthat you left out the rabbit and snails :)\n\nReply\n\n 82. julie says\n\nMarch 23, 2016 at 4:44 pm\n\ni love the different spices and herbs that my mom makes in our paella\n\nReply\n\n 83. Ashley @ Wishes and Dishes says\n\nMarch 23, 2016 at 3:27 pm\n\nI would love to try paella! Thanks for the giveaway!\n\nReply\n\n 84. The Food Hunter says\n\nMarch 23, 2016 at 3:18 pm\n\nThis dish is what dreams are made of. Great giveaway.\n\nReply\n\n * J. Halvorsen says\n\nJanuary 5, 2018 at 7:29 pm\n\nThis was absolutely delicious! I followed the recipe exactly and used the\nAneto cooking base and not a grain of rice was left!\n\nReply\n\n### Add your Response Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\nWelcome! I’m Kimberly and I share delicious originals, revitalized classics\nand authentic dishes from around the world. Come travel the world through your\ntaste buds!\n\nAmazon Affiliate Disclosure:\n\nThe Daring Gourmet is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com\n\n * About\n * Request\n * Contact\n * Privacy\n\n· Copyright © 2020 The Daring Gourmet - All Rights Reserved ·\n\n## Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nReceive the latest recipes from The Daring Gourmet!\n\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\n\n(No SPAM, we'll never sell your email - we promise!)\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Recipes\n * Home & Garden\n * Travel\n * Work With Me\n * Contact\n * Shop\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paella-valenciana-recipe0-2013585",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143447/https://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paella-valenciana-recipe0-2013585",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Paella Valenciana Recipe",
"passages": [
"Heat 1/4 to 1/2 cup of the oil in a pan. Add the strips of pepper and fry until they start to soften. Remove and reserve for garnish. Fry the chicken and rabbit at medium heat until golden brown, adding more oil, as necessary. Add the paprika half way through to add color to meat. Push the meat out to the edges of the pan and add the beans and tomatoes in the center, mixing them well. Add 1/2 the water making sure to cover the pan until it is 1/2 full. Simmer for approximately 30 minutes until most of the water has evaporated. Add the snails and cook for 5 or 10 minutes.",
"Add the rice, distributing it evenly over the pan and fry for a few minutes, moving it around in the pan. Add the rest of the water and cook for about 20 minutes. Season with salt and freshly ground pepper. Add a pinch of saffron for colour. Once this is done the paella should not be stirred anymore.",
"For the last 1 to 2 minutes increase the heat to medium-high, until the bottom layer of rice starts to caramelize, creating what Valencians call the \"socarrat\". If the rice starts to burn remove the pan from the heat immediately.",
"Garnish the paella with the strips of red pepper and the sprigs of rosemary. Cover the pan and let it rest for 5 minutes before serving."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Paella Valenciana Recipe | Food Network\n\n * Watch Full Seasons\n * TV Schedule\n * Videos\n * Shop\n * Sweepstakes\n * Magazine\n * Blog\n * Shows A-Z\n * Chefs A-Z\n * Restaurants\n\nRecipes\n\n * Family Dinners\n * Plant-Based Recipes\n * Easy Comfort Food\n * Healthy\n * Our Best Recipes\n\nSee All Recipes\n\nRecipe of the Day\n\n#### Rosemary Flank Steak with Arugula Salad\n\nTrending Recipes\n\n#### Air Fryer Pork Chops\n\n#### Tuscan Chicken Skillet\n\n#### Portobello Mushroom Lasagna\n\n#### Giant Brownie Snack Cake\n\nShows\n\nTV Schedule See TV Schedule\n\n * #### Supermarket Stakeout\n\n8am | 7c\n\n * #### Supermarket Stakeout\n\n9am | 8c\n\n * #### Supermarket Stakeout\n\n10am | 9c\n\n * #### Supermarket Stakeout\n\n11am | 10c\n\n * #### Chopped\n\n12pm | 11c\n\n * #### Chopped\n\n1pm | 12c\n\n * #### Chopped\n\n2pm | 1c\n\n * #### Chopped\n\n3pm | 2c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n4pm | 3c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n4:30pm | 3:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n5pm | 4c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n5:30pm | 4:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n6pm | 5c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n6:30pm | 5:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n7pm | 6c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n7:30pm | 6:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n8pm | 7c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n8:30pm | 7:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n9pm | 8c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n9:30pm | 8:30c\n\n * ###### On Tonight\n\n#### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n10pm | 9c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n10:30pm | 9:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n11pm | 10c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n11:30pm | 10:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n12am | 11c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n12:30am | 11:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n1am | 12c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n1:30am | 12:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n2am | 1c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n2:30am | 1:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n3am | 2c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n3:30am | 2:30c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n4am | 3c\n\n * #### Beat Bobby Flay\n\n4:30am | 3:30c\n\nSee All Shows\n\nPopular Shows\n\n#### The Great Food Truck Race\n\n#### Tournament of Champions\n\n#### Diners, Drive-Ins and Dives\n\nIn the Kitchen\n\n#### The Pioneer Woman\n\n#### The Kitchen\n\n#### Delicious Miss Brown\n\nChefs\n\nChefs & Hosts\n\n#### Kardea Brown\n\n#### Ree Drummond\n\n#### Ina Garten\n\n#### Sunny Anderson\n\n#### Bobby Flay\n\n#### Valerie Bertinelli\n\n#### Guy Fieri\n\n#### Giada De Laurentiis\n\n#### Molly Yeh\n\nSee All Chefs\n\nFood Network Kitchen\n\nPremium\n\nAll your cooking needs in one place\n\nStart Free Trial\n\n#### Step-by-Step Tutorials\n\n#### Browse Meal Plans\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 4PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Meatloaf for Two\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 6PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Fricasé de Pollo\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 8PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Bacon Chocolate Chip Cookies\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 9PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Shrimp and Couscous With Yogurt-Hummus Sauce\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 10PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Baked Pork Chops\n\n#### Try Premium\n\nFood Network Kitchen\n\nPremium\n\n * My Meal Plans\n * Browse Meal Plans\n * Classes\n * Live Class Schedule\n * Weeknight Dinners\n\nNew Meal Plans this Week\n\n#### Simple Ground Beef Suppers\n\n#### A Week of Almost-Famous Meals\n\nClasses\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 4PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Meatloaf for Two\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 6PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Fricasé de Pollo\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 8PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Bacon Chocolate Chip Cookies\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 9PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Shrimp and Couscous With Yogurt-Hummus Sauce\n\nLIVE CLASS\n\nToday @ 10PM EST\n\nLIVE\n\n#### Encore: Baked Pork Chops\n\nPREVIOUSLY LIVE\n\n#### Sloppy Joe Po' Boys\n\nPREVIOUSLY LIVE\n\n#### Spaghetti Squash Carbonara\n\ndiscovery+\n\n * Home\n * Recipes\n\nPrev Recipe Next Recipe\n\nPaella Valenciana\n\nRecipe courtesy of Juan Andres Mestre\n\nRecipe courtesy of Juan Andres Mestre\n\nShow: Tyler's Ultimate\n\nEpisode: Paella\n\n# Paella Valenciana\n\nGetting reviews...\n\nSave Recipe\n\n * Level: Intermediate\n * Total: 2 hr 10 min\n\n * Prep: 30 min\n * Cook: 1 hr 40 min\n\n * Yield: 6 servings\n\nShare This Recipe\n\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Email\n\n * Level: Intermediate\n * Total: 2 hr 10 min\n\n * Prep: 30 min\n * Cook: 1 hr 40 min\n\n * Yield: 6 servings\n\n### Ingredients\n\nView Shopping List\n\n### Directions\n\n###### Special equipment:\n\nlarge shallow pan\n\n 1. Heat 1/4 to 1/2 cup of the oil in a pan. Add the strips of pepper and fry until they start to soften. Remove and reserve for garnish. Fry the chicken and rabbit at medium heat until golden brown, adding more oil, as necessary. Add the paprika half way through to add color to meat. Push the meat out to the edges of the pan and add the beans and tomatoes in the center, mixing them well. Add 1/2 the water making sure to cover the pan until it is 1/2 full. Simmer for approximately 30 minutes until most of the water has evaporated. Add the snails and cook for 5 or 10 minutes.\n 2. Add the rice, distributing it evenly over the pan and fry for a few minutes, moving it around in the pan. Add the rest of the water and cook for about 20 minutes. Season with salt and freshly ground pepper. Add a pinch of saffron for colour. Once this is done the paella should not be stirred anymore.\n 3. For the last 1 to 2 minutes increase the heat to medium-high, until the bottom layer of rice starts to caramelize, creating what Valencians call the \"socarrat\". If the rice starts to burn remove the pan from the heat immediately.\n 4. Garnish the paella with the strips of red pepper and the sprigs of rosemary. Cover the pan and let it rest for 5 minutes before serving.\n\n#### Cook’s Note\n\n1 cup rice to 3 cups water\n\n### My Private Notes\n\nAdd a Note\n\nShow: Tyler's Ultimate\n\nEpisode: Paella\n\n##### Categories:\n\nEuropean Recipes Spanish Shellfish Recipes Chicken Recipes Poultry Beans and\nLegumes Green Bean Grain Recipes Rice Recipes Main Dish\n\n### Looking for Something Else?\n\nQuick & Easy More Shellfish Recipes 5 Ingredients or Less Highly Rated\n\n#### The Ultimate Paella\n\n#### Ham and Black Bean Bean Salad\n\n#### Paella Valenciana\n\n#### Paella Valenciana\n\n### Classes You May Also Like\n\nAna Calderone\n\n### Gluten-Free Chocolate Cake\n\n18m Easy 98%\n\nCLASS\n\nBobby Flay\n\n### Mushroom and Kale Paella\n\n25m Intermediate 98%\n\nCLASS\n\nKatie Lee Biegel\n\n### Chicken Cauliflower \"Fried Rice\"\n\n19m Easy 99%\n\nCLASS\n\nElena Besser\n\n### Tempura-Fried Green Beans and Shrimp\n\n31m Intermediate 98%\n\nCLASS\n\n### Take a Class on Food Network Kitchen\n\nMichael Symon\n\n### Paella\n\n28m Easy 98%\n\nCLASS\n\nValerie Bertinelli\n\n### Green Bean Oven Fries\n\n25m Easy 97%\n\nCLASS\n\nSeamus Mullen\n\n### Chicken and Seafood Paella\n\n39m Advanced 98%\n\nCLASS\n\n#### Stream discovery+\n\nYour favorite shows, personalities, and exclusive originals. 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}
] |
1,375,416 | How To Use Bitcoin | To use Bitcoin, start by purchasing some Bitcoins online, through a trading exchange, or using a Bitcoin ATM. Then, get a digital wallet on your phone or computer, which is where you'll store your Bitcoins. Once you have some Bitcoins, you can make purchases with them, trade them for other cryptocurrencies, or hold onto them in hopes that their value will increase over time. If the value of your Bitcoins goes up, you can sell them to make a profit off your initial investment. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210513130142/https://news.bitcoin.com/fifteen-ways-to-donate-bitcoin-to-charity-this-season/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210504052829/https://bitcoin.org/en/you-need-to-know",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512152143/https://cointelegraph.com/bitcoin-for-beginners/what-is-bitcoin-wallets",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210415070528/https://coincentral.com/how-send-receive-bitcoin-address/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420234630/https://www.weusecoins.com/en/getting-started/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210123024947/https://cointelegraph.com/news/3-ways-to-turn-bitcoins-into-gift-cards",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417160836/https://coinmap.org/welcome/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509191325/https://news.bitcoin.com/bitcoin-beginners-hardware-wallet-use/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210414101643/https://cryptocurrencyfacts.com/how-to-trade-cryptocurrency-for-beginners/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001525/https://localbitcoins.com/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211210104051/https://bitcoin.org/en/secure-your-wallet",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210513070738/https://bitsonline.com/bitcoin-public-private-addresses/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20181009012901/https://99bitcoins.com/should-i-invest-in-bitcoin-heres-what-you-need-to-know/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210609094956/https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Promotional_graphics",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514094512/https://cointelegraph.com/bitcoin-for-beginners/what-can-i-buy-with-bitcoins",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101191450/https://www.coindesk.com/information/how-can-i-buy-bitcoins/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210306020735/https://unblock.net/how-to-use-bitcoin-anonymously/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507054642/https://coinatmradar.com/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191106152256/https://www.coindesk.com/information/paper-wallet-tutorial",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210419040848/https://bitcoin.travel/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190816120522/https://bitpay.com/pay-with-bitcoin",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201109031741/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/31/bitcoin-atms-in-america-and-around-the-world.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511040335/https://blockgeeks.com/guides/what-is-bitcoin/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507060313/https://www.gemini.com/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307143723/https://www.abra.com/blog/two-wallets-better-one-hold-fiat-bitcoin-time-abra/"
] | train | 588 | [
{
"original_url": "https://news.bitcoin.com/fifteen-ways-to-donate-bitcoin-to-charity-this-season/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513130142/https://news.bitcoin.com/fifteen-ways-to-donate-bitcoin-to-charity-this-season/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Fifteen Ways to Donate Bitcoin to Charity This Holiday Season – Crowdfunding Bitcoin News",
"passages": [
"The holidays are coming, and as bitcoin has increased in value, many crypto- proponents are donating their funds during this year’s “season of giving.” There’s a whole lot of charitable efforts and causes accepting bitcoin this year, and we’ve hunted down a wide variety of nonprofits for your convenience.",
"Every year people donate to charities across the globe but during the month of December, well over a quarter of the world’s annual donations are given to nonprofits. Further, the last three days of the year see the most giving, as those three days represent 10 percent of the funds donated every year. This year, now that bitcoin has reached new all-time highs and is currently valued at roughly $18,900, bitcoiners are giving more satoshis than ever before. For instance, Fidelity Charity who accepts bitcoin raised over $22 million worth of BTC this year, eclipsing all the other years prior. Since it’s the season of giving we decided to aggregate a list for our readers of well known charitable causes that accept bitcoin.",
"The Electronic Frontier Foundation is a well known charitable organization that focuses on protecting the civil liberties within the digital world and online. The nonprofit was founded in 1990 and has accepted bitcoin for donations since the spring of 2013. BTC donations go towards, policy research, internet litigation, software development, and more. Many bitcoiners believe the EFF is a great organization that fights for open source development and the freedoms tethered to the digital information age.",
"Another charity that accepts bitcoin donations is the Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies a 501(c)(3) nonprofit research center created in 1986. The organization researches, and educates the public on the societal benefits of psychedelics and cannabis. The sciences involved with psychedelic and medical marijuana has evolved further than basic therapy and spirituality. MAPS believes studies with marijuana and psychedelics can lead to better cures and a greater understanding of these types of drugs.",
"Wikileaks is an organization that started in 2006 that was initiated by the cypherpunk, Julian Assange. The website is operated by an international journalistic group that provides classified information, and leaks stemming from governments, and corporations. Wikileaks has been accepting bitcoin since 2010 when the nonprofit was blocked by credit card organizations during a financial blockade.",
"The website Antiwar.com was created in 1995 and encourages the end of war and ending the military-industrial complex. Antiwar’s website has been accepting bitcoin core (BTC) since 2013 and has just recently announced the acceptance of bitcoin cash (BCH), as well as zcash, and dash. The nonprofit is devoted to “non-interventionism” and has staunch libertarian leanings. Currently, the group is focused on the many wars taking place in the middle east and issues involving North Korea.",
"Watsi is a small nonprofit that has been gaining attention this year by attempting to create universal health coverage. The charitable cause uses two programs to help people get access to healthcare resources which includes Watsi Crowdfunding and Watsi Coverage. These services are used to provide people in unfortunate situations with a doctor’s checkup or life-changing surgery.",
"The 501(c)(3) nonprofit the Water Project is a well-known organization among bitcoin proponents. The charitable cause invests funds to build local clean water solutions to help citizens suffering from the water crisis in sub- Saharan Africa. Last year over 5,500 individuals donated $2Mn, which provided fresh water to 200 communities and schools giving clean water to more than 300,000 sub-Saharan African residents.",
"The registered nonprofit, Code to Inspire (CTI), was created by Fereshteh Forough back in 2015. The organization produces classrooms for women in Afghanistan who are interested in getting an education in software and online businesses. CTI opened the first school in Herat, Afghanistan, and taught roughly 50 female students daily. The charitable cause has grown much larger since its inception providing hundreds of Afghani women with a technical education and computers as well.",
"A peer-to-peer platform called Common Collection uses donated bitcoins to help global refugees and people in poverty. Many of the individuals listed on Common Collection’s website have suffered from natural disasters. The nonprofit’s founder Elisabeth Grothe-Møller believes bitcoin can impact those in need almost instantly and provides a more efficient way to crowdfund charitable efforts.",
"The Internet Archive and ‘Wayback Machine’ is a San Francisco–based non-profit that wants everyone in the world to have universal access to the information provided on the internet. The web portal was created in 1996 by Brewster Kahle, and the collection of data housed by the archive exceeds over 15 petabytes of data. The 501(c)(3) non-profit has accepted bitcoin core (BTC) since 2012 and just recently started taking bitcoin cash (BCH) for donations this year. Additionally, the creators of the Internet Archive have kept a good portion of donated bitcoins rather than exchanging them for fiat right away.",
"An addiction recovery center located in Vancouver called, ‘The Last Door,’ has been accepting bitcoin for drug rehabilitation support for quite some time. The Last Door specializes in helping drug and alcohol addicts find a better way. The nonprofit has two programs, one that helps children with addiction problems and the other specializes in adult therapy. All bitcoin donations go towards an “abstinence-based, nicotine free long-term residential treatment for addiction.”",
"Bitgive was one of the first bitcoin-centric 501(c)(3) nonprofits, and was created in 2013 by Connie Gallippi. The charitable organization believes cryptocurrency solutions and blockchain transparency will become the future of giving over the next few years. Bitgive has raised funds for a variety of other nonprofits including Medic Mobile, TECHO, Save the Children, and The Water Project. In 2015 the charity created a 2.0 initiative which aims to increase charitable donation transparency.",
"Another recognized 501(c)(3) charitable organization called the Wikimedia Foundation uses donated funds for the growth of freely distributed multilingual educational content. It also helps collaborate with the online encyclopedia nonprofit Wikipedia. The Wikimedia Foundation has been accepting bitcoin since the summer of 2014. The nonprofit works with the San Francisco–based firm Coinbase to help process donations.",
"The charitable cause Epic Change is a social innovation project which has a wide variety of projects. The nonprofit has built classrooms in Tanzania, while also crowdfunding project in Afghanistan, Nepal, the US, and Kenya. The projects Epic Change has created in the past include the Twitter Kids of Tanzania, Love Apocalypse, Wonder Study, Epic Thanks, To Mama With Love, and LaLa Love. The Epic Change team says, “We create movements designed to amplify the voices and the impact of changemakers.”",
"The SENS Research Foundation is a 501(c)(3) public charity devoted to researching and treating age-related disease. The nonprofit funds universities studying science and medicine while also utilizing its own research center for regenerative medicine to repair R&D.; The charity accepts bitcoin and hopes donations help find cures and ways to make these diseases easier to live with for people suffering from age-related issues.",
"The Canadian based nonprofit, the OpenBSD Foundation, exists to fund OpenBSD projects and research. OpenBSD is a free and open source Unix-like operating system which has spawned projects like OpenSSH, OpenBGPD, OpenNTPD, OpenSMTPD, LibreSSL, and mandoc. Open source fans have always appreciated the OpenBSD Foundation and the organization has accepted bitcoin for a few years now. Donations are used to fund infrastructure costs for the projects, and software developer events and initiatives.",
"Using digital assets to donate funds to charitable causes continues to grow, and there are many more nonprofits that accept cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin has fueled the fire of a different kind of giving, and charities all around the world are beginning to see the benefits of cryptocurrency donations.",
"What do you think about people donating bitcoin to charity this holiday season? Let us know what you think in the comments below.",
"India's payments authority, the National Payments Corporation of India, has reportedly said that it will not ban cryptocurrency transactions. Banks are to make their own decision whether to allow crypto transactions. The National Payments Corporation of India (NCPI), has refused ... read more.",
"India's payments authority, the National Payments Corporation of India, has reportedly said that it will not ban cryptocurrency transactions. Banks are to make their own decision whether to allow crypto transactions. The National Payments Corporation of India (NCPI), has refused ... read more."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Fifteen Ways to Donate Bitcoin to Charity This Holiday Season – Crowdfunding\nBitcoin News\n\n * Latest News\n * Op-Eds\n * Press Releases\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Publish Press Release\n * The Satoshi Revolution\n\n# News\n\nMay 13, 2021\n\nCrowdfunding\n\nby Jamie Redman\n\nDec 18, 2017\n\n# Fifteen Ways to Donate Bitcoin to Charity This Holiday Season\n\nThe holidays are coming, and as bitcoin has increased in value, many crypto-\nproponents are donating their funds during this year’s “season of giving.”\nThere’s a whole lot of charitable efforts and causes accepting bitcoin this\nyear, and we’ve hunted down a wide variety of nonprofits for your convenience.\n\nAlso read: Options Giant CME Launches Bitcoin Futures — Here’s What to Expect\n\nEvery year people donate to charities across the globe but during the month of\nDecember, well over a quarter of the world’s annual donations are given to\nnonprofits. Further, the last three days of the year see the most giving, as\nthose three days represent 10 percent of the funds donated every year. This\nyear, now that bitcoin has reached new all-time highs and is currently valued\nat roughly $18,900, bitcoiners are giving more satoshis than ever before. For\ninstance, Fidelity Charity who accepts bitcoin raised over $22 million worth\nof BTC this year, eclipsing all the other years prior. Since it’s the season\nof giving we decided to aggregate a list for our readers of well known\ncharitable causes that accept bitcoin.\n\n## Charitable Causes That Accept Cryptocurrency Donations\n\nThe Electronic Frontier Foundation (EFF)\n\nThe Electronic Frontier Foundation is a well known charitable organization\nthat focuses on protecting the civil liberties within the digital world and\nonline. The nonprofit was founded in 1990 and has accepted bitcoin for\ndonations since the spring of 2013. BTC donations go towards, policy research,\ninternet litigation, software development, and more. Many bitcoiners believe\nthe EFF is a great organization that fights for open source development and\nthe freedoms tethered to the digital information age.\n\nThe Multidisciplinary Association for Psychedelic Studies (MAPS)\n\nAnother charity that accepts bitcoin donations is the Multidisciplinary\nAssociation for Psychedelic Studies a 501(c)(3) nonprofit research center\ncreated in 1986. The organization researches, and educates the public on the\nsocietal benefits of psychedelics and cannabis. The sciences involved with\npsychedelic and medical marijuana has evolved further than basic therapy and\nspirituality. MAPS believes studies with marijuana and psychedelics can lead\nto better cures and a greater understanding of these types of drugs.\n\nWikileaks\n\nWikileaks is an organization that started in 2006 that was initiated by the\ncypherpunk, Julian Assange. The website is operated by an international\njournalistic group that provides classified information, and leaks stemming\nfrom governments, and corporations. Wikileaks has been accepting bitcoin since\n2010 when the nonprofit was blocked by credit card organizations during a\nfinancial blockade.\n\nAntiwar\n\nThe website Antiwar.com was created in 1995 and encourages the end of war and\nending the military-industrial complex. Antiwar’s website has been accepting\nbitcoin core (BTC) since 2013 and has just recently announced the acceptance\nof bitcoin cash (BCH), as well as zcash, and dash. The nonprofit is devoted to\n“non-interventionism” and has staunch libertarian leanings. Currently, the\ngroup is focused on the many wars taking place in the middle east and issues\ninvolving North Korea.\n\nWatsi\n\nWatsi is a small nonprofit that has been gaining attention this year by\nattempting to create universal health coverage. The charitable cause uses two\nprograms to help people get access to healthcare resources which includes\nWatsi Crowdfunding and Watsi Coverage. These services are used to provide\npeople in unfortunate situations with a doctor’s checkup or life-changing\nsurgery.\n\nThe Water Project\n\nThe 501(c)(3) nonprofit the Water Project is a well-known organization among\nbitcoin proponents. The charitable cause invests funds to build local clean\nwater solutions to help citizens suffering from the water crisis in sub-\nSaharan Africa. Last year over 5,500 individuals donated $2Mn, which provided\nfresh water to 200 communities and schools giving clean water to more than\n300,000 sub-Saharan African residents.\n\nCode to Inspire\n\nThe registered nonprofit, Code to Inspire (CTI), was created by Fereshteh\nForough back in 2015. The organization produces classrooms for women in\nAfghanistan who are interested in getting an education in software and online\nbusinesses. CTI opened the first school in Herat, Afghanistan, and taught\nroughly 50 female students daily. The charitable cause has grown much larger\nsince its inception providing hundreds of Afghani women with a technical\neducation and computers as well.\n\nCommon Collection\n\nA peer-to-peer platform called Common Collection uses donated bitcoins to help\nglobal refugees and people in poverty. Many of the individuals listed on\nCommon Collection’s website have suffered from natural disasters. The\nnonprofit’s founder Elisabeth Grothe-Møller believes bitcoin can impact those\nin need almost instantly and provides a more efficient way to crowdfund\ncharitable efforts.\n\nThe Internet Archive (Archive.org)\n\nThe Internet Archive and ‘Wayback Machine’ is a San Francisco–based non-profit\nthat wants everyone in the world to have universal access to the information\nprovided on the internet. The web portal was created in 1996 by Brewster\nKahle, and the collection of data housed by the archive exceeds over 15\npetabytes of data. The 501(c)(3) non-profit has accepted bitcoin core (BTC)\nsince 2012 and just recently started taking bitcoin cash (BCH) for donations\nthis year. Additionally, the creators of the Internet Archive have kept a good\nportion of donated bitcoins rather than exchanging them for fiat right away.\n\nLast Door\n\nAn addiction recovery center located in Vancouver called, ‘The Last Door,’ has\nbeen accepting bitcoin for drug rehabilitation support for quite some time.\nThe Last Door specializes in helping drug and alcohol addicts find a better\nway. The nonprofit has two programs, one that helps children with addiction\nproblems and the other specializes in adult therapy. All bitcoin donations go\ntowards an “abstinence-based, nicotine free long-term residential treatment\nfor addiction.”\n\nBitgive\n\nBitgive was one of the first bitcoin-centric 501(c)(3) nonprofits, and was\ncreated in 2013 by Connie Gallippi. The charitable organization believes\ncryptocurrency solutions and blockchain transparency will become the future of\ngiving over the next few years. Bitgive has raised funds for a variety of\nother nonprofits including Medic Mobile, TECHO, Save the Children, and The\nWater Project. In 2015 the charity created a 2.0 initiative which aims to\nincrease charitable donation transparency.\n\nThe Wikimedia Foundation\n\nAnother recognized 501(c)(3) charitable organization called the Wikimedia\nFoundation uses donated funds for the growth of freely distributed\nmultilingual educational content. It also helps collaborate with the online\nencyclopedia nonprofit Wikipedia. The Wikimedia Foundation has been accepting\nbitcoin since the summer of 2014. The nonprofit works with the San\nFrancisco–based firm Coinbase to help process donations.\n\nEpic Change\n\nThe charitable cause Epic Change is a social innovation project which has a\nwide variety of projects. The nonprofit has built classrooms in Tanzania,\nwhile also crowdfunding project in Afghanistan, Nepal, the US, and Kenya. The\nprojects Epic Change has created in the past include the Twitter Kids of\nTanzania, Love Apocalypse, Wonder Study, Epic Thanks, To Mama With Love, and\nLaLa Love. The Epic Change team says, “We create movements designed to amplify\nthe voices and the impact of changemakers.”\n\nThe SENS Research Foundation\n\nThe SENS Research Foundation is a 501(c)(3) public charity devoted to\nresearching and treating age-related disease. The nonprofit funds universities\nstudying science and medicine while also utilizing its own research center for\nregenerative medicine to repair R&D.; The charity accepts bitcoin and hopes\ndonations help find cures and ways to make these diseases easier to live with\nfor people suffering from age-related issues.\n\nThe OpenBSD Foundation\n\nThe Canadian based nonprofit, the OpenBSD Foundation, exists to fund OpenBSD\nprojects and research. OpenBSD is a free and open source Unix-like operating\nsystem which has spawned projects like OpenSSH, OpenBGPD, OpenNTPD, OpenSMTPD,\nLibreSSL, and mandoc. Open source fans have always appreciated the OpenBSD\nFoundation and the organization has accepted bitcoin for a few years now.\nDonations are used to fund infrastructure costs for the projects, and software\ndeveloper events and initiatives.\n\n## Nonprofits Are Attracted to the Benefits of Cryptocurrency Donations\n\nUsing digital assets to donate funds to charitable causes continues to grow,\nand there are many more nonprofits that accept cryptocurrencies. Bitcoin has\nfueled the fire of a different kind of giving, and charities all around the\nworld are beginning to see the benefits of cryptocurrency donations.\n\nWhat do you think about people donating bitcoin to charity this holiday\nseason? Let us know what you think in the comments below.\n\nImages via Shutterstock, OpenBSD, EFF, Antiwar, Archive.org, and The Water\nProject.\n\nTired of those other forums on the subject of Bitcoin? Check our forum@\nBitcoin.com.\n\n###### Blockchain and Crypto Startups Raise $2.6 Billion in Q1 of 2021— Figure\nSurpasses 2020 Total by $300 Million\n\nCROWDFUNDING | Apr 6, 2021\n\n###### Nasdaq Listed Greenpro Capital to Set up Bitcoin Fund Using a $100\nMillion Loan\n\nCROWDFUNDING | Dec 31, 2020\n\n###### Tags in this story\n\nAntiWar, BCH, Bitcoin, bitcoin cash, BitGive, BTC, Charities, Common\nCollection, donations, EFF, Internet Archive, MAPS, N-Featured, nonprofits,\nThe Water Project, Watsi, Wikileaks, WikiMedia\n\nShow comments\n\n#### In Case You Missed It\n\nNational Payments Corporation of India Says It Will Not Ban Cryptocurrencies\nThrough UPI\n\nIndia's payments authority, the National Payments Corporation of India, has\nreportedly said that it will not ban cryptocurrency transactions. Banks are to\nmake their own decision whether to allow crypto transactions. The National\nPayments Corporation of India (NCPI), has refused ... read more.\n\n###### Kenyan Capital Markets Regulator Wants Better Coordination With Other\nBodies When Testing Crypto Assets\n\n###### Real Estate Listings Accepting BTC Touch Record Highs, 14.3 Homes per\n100,000 Accept Crypto\n\n###### South Korea to Impose a 20% Tax on Crypto Mining Activities\n\n###### Kazakhstan Is Preparing the Launch of a CBDC Pilot With Private\nFinancial Companies\n\n#### The Latest\n\n * MARKETS AND PRICES | 31 mins ago\n\nBitcoin Markets Blood Red After Tesla Announcement, Crypto Economy Sheds\nBillions\n\n * MARKETS AND PRICES | 1 hour ago Stan Druckenmiller: US Will Likely Lose Reserve Currency Status in 15 Years, Hard to Unseat Bitcoin as Store of Value\n * REGULATION | 3 hours ago US SEC Has Brought 75 Enforcement Actions on Crypto Industry\n * FINANCE | 5 hours ago Funding Roundup: Fresh Capital Aims to Advance Blockchain Product and Service Capabilities\n * EMERGING MARKETS | 6 hours ago Official Remittance Inflows to Zimbabwe Surged to $1 Billion After Covid-19 Restrictions Forced Migrants to Use Formal Channels\n * SECURITY | 8 hours ago Cybersecurity Firm Spots a Crypto Stealer Distributed Through a Massive Email Spam Campaign and Discord Channels\n * FINANCE | 10 hours ago Bank of Israel Drafts Model of a Digital Shekel\n * EMERGING MARKETS | 11 hours ago Bitcoin Cash Argentina Runs Flipstarter to Boost Adoption in the Country\n * NEWS | 13 hours ago Vitalik Buterin Donates $1B Worth of Shiba Inu Tokens to India’s Crypto Covid Relief Fund\n * NEWS | 14 hours ago Elon Musk Announces Tesla Has Suspended Accepting Bitcoin Citing Environmental Issues\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n#### Press releases\n\n### Student Coin (STC) Token Is Now Listed on Bitcoin.com Exchange\n\nMay 13, 2021\n\n### VulcanVerse’s Marketplace Volume Triples From $5m to $15m, $20M Giveaway\nto...\n\nMay 13, 2021\n\n### Globe Listing on AscendEX\n\nMay 12, 2021\n\n### Spring and Bondly NFT Partnership Unlocks Digital Potential for Creator\nEconomy\n\nMay 12, 2021\n\nCheck all the news here\n\n#### In Case You Missed It\n\nNational Payments Corporation of India Says It Will Not Ban Cryptocurrencies\nThrough UPI\n\nIndia's payments authority, the National Payments Corporation of India, has\nreportedly said that it will not ban cryptocurrency transactions. Banks are to\nmake their own decision whether to allow crypto transactions. The National\nPayments Corporation of India (NCPI), has refused ... read more.\n\n###### US Senator Elizabeth Warren Bashes Cryptocurrencies Citing\nEnvironmental Impact, Investor Protections\n\n###### 'Once in a While You Get Shown the Light'— Jerry Garcia Art to be\nAuctioned as an NFT for $1 Million\n\n###### Lega Serie A to Commemorate Historic Coppa Italia Final With NFTs\n\n###### Crypto Payment Firm Simplex Acquired by Publicly-Listed Canadian Firm\nNuvei for $250 Million\n\nYour ad here\n\n#### The Latest\n\n * MARKETS AND PRICES | 31 mins ago\n\nBitcoin Markets Blood Red After Tesla Announcement, Crypto Economy Sheds\nBillions\n\n * MARKETS AND PRICES | 1 hour ago Stan Druckenmiller: US Will Likely Lose Reserve Currency Status in 15 Years, Hard to Unseat Bitcoin as Store of Value\n * REGULATION | 3 hours ago US SEC Has Brought 75 Enforcement Actions on Crypto Industry\n * FINANCE | 5 hours ago Funding Roundup: Fresh Capital Aims to Advance Blockchain Product and Service Capabilities\n * EMERGING MARKETS | 6 hours ago Official Remittance Inflows to Zimbabwe Surged to $1 Billion After Covid-19 Restrictions Forced Migrants to Use Formal Channels\n * SECURITY | 8 hours ago Cybersecurity Firm Spots a Crypto Stealer Distributed Through a Massive Email Spam Campaign and Discord Channels\n * FINANCE | 10 hours ago Bank of Israel Drafts Model of a Digital Shekel\n * EMERGING MARKETS | 11 hours ago Bitcoin Cash Argentina Runs Flipstarter to Boost Adoption in the Country\n\n#### Press releases\n\n### Student Coin (STC) Token Is Now Listed on Bitcoin.com Exchange\n\nMay 13, 2021\n\n### VulcanVerse’s Marketplace Volume Triples From $5m to $15m, $20M Giveaway\nto...\n\nMay 13, 2021\n\n### Globe Listing on AscendEX\n\nMay 12, 2021\n\n### Spring and Bondly NFT Partnership Unlocks Digital Potential for Creator\nEconomy\n\nMay 12, 2021\n\nSubmit a Press Release\n\n#### Most Read\n\nYour ad here\n\nCheck all the news here\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://bitcoin.org/en/you-need-to-know",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210504052829/https://bitcoin.org/en/you-need-to-know",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Some things you need to know",
"passages": [
"If you're getting started with Bitcoin, there are a few things you should know. Bitcoin lets you exchange money and transact in a different way than you normally do. As such, you should take time to inform yourself before using Bitcoin for any serious transaction. Bitcoin should be treated with the same care as your regular wallet, or even more in some cases!",
"Like in real life, your wallet must be secured. Bitcoin makes it possible to transfer value anywhere in a very easy way and it allows you to be in control of your money. Such great features also come with great security concerns. At the same time, Bitcoin can provide very high levels of security if used correctly. Always remember that it is your responsibility to adopt good practices in order to protect your money. Read more about securing your wallet.",
"The price of a bitcoin can unpredictably increase or decrease over a short period of time due to its young economy, novel nature, and sometimes illiquid markets. Consequently, keeping your savings with Bitcoin is not recommended at this point. Bitcoin should be seen like a high risk asset, and you should never store money that you cannot afford to lose with Bitcoin. If you receive payments with Bitcoin, many service providers can convert them to your local currency.",
"A Bitcoin transaction cannot be reversed, it can only be refunded by the person receiving the funds. This means you should take care to do business with people and organizations you know and trust, or who have an established reputation. For their part, businesses need to keep track of the payment requests they are displaying to their customers. Bitcoin can detect typos and usually won't let you send money to an invalid address by mistake, but it's best to have controls in place for additional safety and redundancy. Additional services might exist in the future to provide more choice and protection for both businesses and consumers.",
"Some effort is required to protect your privacy with Bitcoin. All Bitcoin transactions are stored publicly and permanently on the network, which means anyone can see the balance and transactions of any Bitcoin address. However, the identity of the user behind an address remains unknown until information is revealed during a purchase or in other circumstances. This is one reason why Bitcoin addresses should only be used once. Always remember that it is your responsibility to adopt good practices in order to protect your privacy. Read more about protecting your privacy.",
"Confirmations| Lightweight wallets| Bitcoin Core ---|---|--- 0| Only safe if you trust the person paying you 1| Somewhat reliable| Mostly reliable 3| Mostly reliable| Highly reliable 6| Minimum recommendation for high-value bitcoin transfers 30| Recommendation during emergencies to allow human intervention",
"Transactions don't start out as irreversible. Instead, they get a confirmation score that indicates how hard it is to reverse them (see table). Each confirmation takes between a few seconds and 90 minutes, with 10 minutes being the average. If the transaction pays too low a fee or is otherwise atypical, getting the first confirmation can take much longer.",
"Bitcoin is an experimental new currency that is in active development. Each improvement makes Bitcoin more appealing but also reveals new challenges as Bitcoin adoption grows. During these growing pains you might encounter increased fees, slower confirmations, or even more severe issues. Be prepared for problems and consult a technical expert before making any major investments, but keep in mind that nobody can predict Bitcoin's future.",
"Bitcoin is not an official currency. That said, most jurisdictions still require you to pay income, sales, payroll, and capital gains taxes on anything that has value, including bitcoins. It is your responsibility to ensure that you adhere to tax and other legal or regulatory mandates issued by your government and/or local municipalities."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Some things you need to know - Bitcoin\n\nBitcoin.org is a community funded project, donations are appreciated and used\nto improve the website.\n\n×\n\nDonate to Bitcoin.org\n\nUse this QR code or address below\n\n3E8ociqZa9mZUSwGdSmAEMAoAxBK3FNDcd\n\n * Introduction\n\n * Individuals\n * Businesses\n * Developers\n * Getting started\n * How it works\n * White paper\n * Resources\n\n * Resources\n * Exchanges\n * Community\n * Documentation\n * Vocabulary\n * Events\n * Bitcoin Core\n * Innovation\n * Participate\n\n * Support Bitcoin\n * Buy Bitcoin\n * Running a full node\n * Development\n * FAQ\n\n * English\n\n * * Bahasa Indonesia\n * Dansk\n * Deutsch\n * English\n * Español\n * Français\n * Italiano\n * Magyar\n * Nederlands\n * Polski\n * Português Brasil\n * Română\n * Slovenščina\n * Srpski\n * Svenska\n * * Türkçe\n * Ελληνικά\n * български\n * Русский\n * Українська\n * العربية\n * فارسی\n * עברית\n * हिन्दी\n * 한국어\n * 日本語\n * 简体中文\n * 繁體中文\n\n# Some things you need to know\n\nIf you're getting started with Bitcoin, there are a few things you should\nknow. Bitcoin lets you exchange money and transact in a different way than you\nnormally do. As such, you should take time to inform yourself before using\nBitcoin for any serious transaction. Bitcoin should be treated with the same\ncare as your regular wallet, or even more in some cases!\n\n## Securing your wallet\n\nLike in real life, your wallet must be secured. Bitcoin makes it possible to\ntransfer value anywhere in a very easy way and it allows you to be in control\nof your money. Such great features also come with great security concerns. At\nthe same time, Bitcoin can provide very high levels of security if used\ncorrectly. Always remember that it is your responsibility to adopt good\npractices in order to protect your money. Read more about securing your\nwallet.\n\n## Bitcoin price is volatile\n\nThe price of a bitcoin can unpredictably increase or decrease over a short\nperiod of time due to its young economy, novel nature, and sometimes illiquid\nmarkets. Consequently, keeping your savings with Bitcoin is not recommended at\nthis point. Bitcoin should be seen like a high risk asset, and you should\nnever store money that you cannot afford to lose with Bitcoin. If you receive\npayments with Bitcoin, many service providers can convert them to your local\ncurrency.\n\n## Bitcoin payments are irreversible\n\nA Bitcoin transaction cannot be reversed, it can only be refunded by the\nperson receiving the funds. This means you should take care to do business\nwith people and organizations you know and trust, or who have an established\nreputation. For their part, businesses need to keep track of the payment\nrequests they are displaying to their customers. Bitcoin can detect typos and\nusually won't let you send money to an invalid address by mistake, but it's\nbest to have controls in place for additional safety and redundancy.\nAdditional services might exist in the future to provide more choice and\nprotection for both businesses and consumers.\n\n## Bitcoin is not anonymous\n\nSome effort is required to protect your privacy with Bitcoin. All Bitcoin\ntransactions are stored publicly and permanently on the network, which means\nanyone can see the balance and transactions of any Bitcoin address. However,\nthe identity of the user behind an address remains unknown until information\nis revealed during a purchase or in other circumstances. This is one reason\nwhy Bitcoin addresses should only be used once. Always remember that it is\nyour responsibility to adopt good practices in order to protect your privacy.\nRead more about protecting your privacy.\n\nConfirmations| Lightweight wallets| Bitcoin Core \n---|---|--- \n0| Only safe if you trust the person paying you \n1| Somewhat reliable| Mostly reliable \n3| Mostly reliable| Highly reliable \n6| Minimum recommendation for high-value bitcoin transfers \n30| Recommendation during emergencies to allow human intervention \n \n## Unconfirmed transactions aren't secure\n\nTransactions don't start out as irreversible. Instead, they get a confirmation\nscore that indicates how hard it is to reverse them (see table). Each\nconfirmation takes between a few seconds and 90 minutes, with 10 minutes being\nthe average. If the transaction pays too low a fee or is otherwise atypical,\ngetting the first confirmation can take much longer.\n\n## Bitcoin is still experimental\n\nBitcoin is an experimental new currency that is in active development. Each\nimprovement makes Bitcoin more appealing but also reveals new challenges as\nBitcoin adoption grows. During these growing pains you might encounter\nincreased fees, slower confirmations, or even more severe issues. Be prepared\nfor problems and consult a technical expert before making any major\ninvestments, but keep in mind that nobody can predict Bitcoin's future.\n\n## Government taxes and regulations\n\nBitcoin is not an official currency. That said, most jurisdictions still\nrequire you to pay income, sales, payroll, and capital gains taxes on anything\nthat has value, including bitcoins. It is your responsibility to ensure that\nyou adhere to tax and other legal or regulatory mandates issued by your\ngovernment and/or local municipalities.\n\nSupport Bitcoin.org: Donate\n\n3E8ociqZa9mZUSwGdSmAEMAoAxBK3FNDcd\n\nIntroduction:\n\n * Individuals\n * Businesses\n * Developers\n * Getting started\n * How it works\n * You need to know\n * White paper\n\nResources:\n\n * Resources\n * Exchanges\n * Community\n * Vocabulary\n * Events\n * Bitcoin Core\n\nParticipate:\n\n * Support Bitcoin\n * Buy Bitcoin\n * Running a full node\n * Development\n\nOther:\n\nAvoid Scams Legal Privacy Policy Press About bitcoin.org Blog\n\n© Bitcoin Project 2009-2021 Released under the MIT license\n\nNetwork Status\n\n * English\n\n * * Bahasa Indonesia\n * Dansk\n * Deutsch\n * English\n * Español\n * Français\n * Italiano\n * Magyar\n * Nederlands\n * Polski\n * Português Brasil\n * Română\n * Slovenščina\n * Srpski\n * Svenska\n * * Türkçe\n * Ελληνικά\n * български\n * Русский\n * Українська\n * العربية\n * فارسی\n * עברית\n * हिन्दी\n * 한국어\n * 日本語\n * 简体中文\n * 繁體中文\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://cointelegraph.com/bitcoin-for-beginners/what-is-bitcoin-wallets",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512152143/https://cointelegraph.com/bitcoin-for-beginners/what-is-bitcoin-wallets",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bitcoin wallets for beginners: Everything you need to know",
"passages": [
"Bitcoin (BTC) is a digital currency. As Bitcoins don’t exist in any physical shape or form, they can’t technically be stored anywhere. Instead, it’s the private keys — which are used to access your public Bitcoin address and transaction signatures — that need to be securely stored. A combination of the recipient’s public key and your private key is what makes a Bitcoin transaction possible.",
"There are several different forms of Bitcoin wallets that cater to different requirements and vary in terms of security, convenience, accessibility and so on..",
"A paper wallet is essentially a document that contains a public address for receiving Bitcoin and a private key, which allows you to spend or transfer Bitcoin stored in that address. Paper wallets are often printed in the form of QR-codes so that you can quickly scan them and add the keys to a software wallet to make a transaction. A paper wallet can be generated using services, which allow users to create a random Bitcoin address with its own private key. The generated keys can then be printed, with some services offering a tamper- resistant design or even an option of ordering holographic labels.",
"The main advantage of a paper wallet is that the keys are stored offline, which makes it completely immune to hacker attacks, including malware that can log the user’s keystrokes. However, some precautions when creating a wallet still need to be taken. Before generating a paper wallet, you need to make sure that no one is watching you do it. To rule out the risk of any spyware monitoring your activities, it is recommended to use a clean operating system, such as Ubuntu, running from a USB flash drive or DVD. Furthermore, once the paper wallet is set up, the website code should be able to run offline, which allows you to disconnect from the internet before actually generating the keys. Finally, use a printer that is not connected to a network.",
"Moreover, it’s important to understand that you are printing valuable, private information on a piece of paper. So, you need to take certain measures to protect that piece of paper. For instance, it is recommended to keep it in a sealed plastic bag and to store it in a dry, safe place to avoid water damage and general wear and tear. Some people prefer laminating it and storing it in a safety deposit box.",
"Physical Bitcoin is usually preloaded with a fixed amount of BTC, and the intention is that its value cannot be spent as long as the private key remains hidden. This is usually achieved by using a tamper-evident seal.",
"The first of its kind, Bitbill, was shaped like a credit card, but most alternatives that followed were shaped like a round medal. Mike Cadwell, a cryptocurrency enthusiast nicknamed “Casascius,” created the first of the popular Casascius physical Bitcoins in 2011. Private keys were hidden under a peelable hologram, when removed, it left a tamper-evident mark. When redeemed, the coin lost its digital worth. Since then, there have been several new coin manufacturers.",
"Physical Bitcoins are a convenient way of storing your funds more safely and can be extremely useful when trading offline. In addition, they’ve recently become a prized collector’s item. The main disadvantage, however, is a serious one. In November 2013, Mike Cadwell was asked to cease operations by the Financial Crimes Enforcement Network, as his work was considered to be a money transmitter. The regulations for this activity were unbearable, so he was forced to stop the sales of items containing digital Bitcoins. As BTC is still a legal grey area in a lot of countries, such items might even be considered counterfeit money by authorities.",
"For those actively using Bitcoin on a daily basis, paying for goods in shops or trading them face-to-face, a mobile BTC wallet is an essential tool. It runs as an app on your smartphone, storing your private keys and allowing you to pay for things directly from your phone. Moreover, some apps enable users to use their smartphones’ near-field communication feature, which means they can simply tap their phone against the terminal without having to provide any information at all.",
"Any full Bitcoin client requires access to the entire blockchain ledger, which is constantly growing and requires several gigabytes of storage. For these reasons, mobile wallets take advantage of simplified payment verification technology. They only work with small subsets of the blockchain, relying on trusted nodes in the Bitcoin network to ensure that they have the correct information.",
"Despite being a convenient on-the-go solution for Bitcoin storage, mobile wallets are prone to hacker attacks. Moreover, you can lose control of your wallet if someone simply gains access to your mobile device. There’s a large variety of Bitcoin wallet apps for devices running on Android. Apple banned Bitcoin wallets from the App Store in February 2014 but reversed its decision several months later.",
"Web wallets store your private keys on a server, which is constantly online and controlled by a third party. Different services offer different features, some of which can link to mobile and desktop wallets and replicate your addresses across the devices you own.",
"Much like mobile wallets, e-wallets enable their users to access their funds on-the-go from any device connected to the internet. If not properly protected, the organizations running the website might gain access to your private keys, thus gaining total control of your funds. Moreover, some e-wallets operate on exchanges, and there have been instances of exchanges shutting down and making off with their users’ funds.",
"Desktop wallets are downloaded and installed onto your computer, storing your private keys on your hard drive. By definition, they are more secure than online and mobile wallets, as they don’t rely on third parties for their data and are harder to steal. They are still connected to the internet, which makes them inherently less secure. However, desktop wallets are a great solution for those who trade small amounts of Bitcoin from their computers.",
"There is a variety of different options of desktop wallets that cater to different needs. Some focus on security, some on anonymity and so on.",
"One of the most popular, robust, effective and secure desktop wallets; open source; allows you to replace a transaction fee on an already broadcasted transaction, which speeds up the confirmation process; address tagging; encryption",
"Atomic is available for Mac OS, Windows and Linux, 500+ assets, keys are encrypted on your device, instant exchange, buy crypto option, custody-free app, 24/7 help center.",
"Full node wallet, you need to download the entire blockchain to use it. It allows you to independently verify transactions and not rely on anyone else in the system",
"A hardware wallet is a rather unique type of Bitcoin wallet that stores the user’s private keys in a secure hardware device. It is the most secure way of storing any amount of Bitcoin. There have been no verifiable incidents of money being stolen from a hardware wallet. Unlike paper wallets, which must be imported to software at some point, hardware wallets can be used securely and interactively. Moreover, they are immune to computer viruses, the funds stored cannot be transferred out of the device in plaintext, and in most instances, their software is open source.",
"Some hardware wallets even have screens, which add another layer of security, as they can be used to verify and display important wallet details. For instance, a screen can be used to generate a recovery phrase and to confirm the amount and address of the payment you wish to make. So, as long as you invest in an authentic device made by a trustworthy and competent manufacturer, your funds will be safe and secure.",
"Screen; two buttons that you need to press simultaneously to confirm a transaction, which prevents hackers from hacking into it and confirming payments; PIN code; box ships with an anti-tampering seal",
"Screen; digital screen and metal body; PIN code; number randomization; can be backed with up to 24 words; recovery can be done with Chrome extension",
"Rainer Michael Preiss, an executive director at Taurus Wealth Advisors, has recently stated that all large U.S. banks are probably afraid of blockchain, Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. He has also mentioned that, given the uncertainty from banking’s lack of transparency, cryptocurrencies can present investors with a viable alternative. Indeed, many banks do not accept Bitcoin as a currency; some of them even refuse to manage funds obtained through operations with cryptocurrencies.",
"In the light of banks’ reluctance to accept Bitcoin as a viable currency, a Bitcoin Crypto Bank has been established. The first of its kind, it is a privately owned company operating on the Bitcoin trade market. It accepts and manage Bitcoin deposits, claiming to have a deep understanding of the market. On its website, it claims to be a no-risk, secure and certified platform for investments with high chances of making huge profits.",
"Catching malware. Malicious software can scan your hard drive and find your private keys. Seconds later, all your Bitcoins can disappear.",
"A trojan can encrypt all the files on your hard drive. Afterward, it might find all the links to your wallets, then realize how much money you own and demand that exact amount of Bitcoins to decrypt your hard drive.",
"Always be cautious and double-check everything. For instance, you could receive an email that looks like it’s from BlockWallet, but it is actually from BlockWalet. If you authorize it, your Bitcoins could disappear immediately.",
"Disclaimer: Cointelegraph does not endorse any content or product on this page. While we aim at providing you all important information that we could obtain, readers should do their own research before taking any actions related to the company and carry full responsibility for their decisions, nor this article can be considered as an investment advice."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bitcoin wallets for beginners: Everything you need to know\n\n * BTC $55,814 -0.45%\n * ETH $4,268 +6.55%\n * XRP $1.43 -0.79%\n * BCH $1,452 -0.09%\n * EOS $12.36 +4.38%\n * DOGE $0.4794 -5.33%\n\n * Advertise\n * Careers\n\n * BTC $55,814\n * ETH $4,268\n * XRP $1.4286\n * BCH $1,452\n * XMR $451.6\n * DASH $411\n * EOS $12.36\n * ZEC $358\n * ADA $1.715\n * NEO $109.20\n * BNB $658\n * XLM $0.664\n * USDT $1.00\n * MIOTA $2.02\n * DOGE $0.4794\n\n# Bitcoin wallets for beginners: Everything you need to know\n\n## Why you need a Bitcoin wallet\n\nBitcoin (BTC) is a digital currency. As Bitcoins don’t exist in any physical\nshape or form, they can’t technically be stored anywhere. Instead, it’s the\nprivate keys — which are used to access your public Bitcoin address and\ntransaction signatures — that need to be securely stored. A combination of the\nrecipient’s public key and your private key is what makes a Bitcoin\ntransaction possible.\n\nThere are several different forms of Bitcoin wallets that cater to different\nrequirements and vary in terms of security, convenience, accessibility and so\non..\n\n## Types of wallets\n\n### Paper\n\nA paper wallet is essentially a document that contains a public address for\nreceiving Bitcoin and a private key, which allows you to spend or transfer\nBitcoin stored in that address. Paper wallets are often printed in the form of\nQR-codes so that you can quickly scan them and add the keys to a software\nwallet to make a transaction. A paper wallet can be generated using services,\nwhich allow users to create a random Bitcoin address with its own private key.\nThe generated keys can then be printed, with some services offering a tamper-\nresistant design or even an option of ordering holographic labels.\n\nThe main advantage of a paper wallet is that the keys are stored offline,\nwhich makes it completely immune to hacker attacks, including malware that can\nlog the user’s keystrokes. However, some precautions when creating a wallet\nstill need to be taken. Before generating a paper wallet, you need to make\nsure that no one is watching you do it. To rule out the risk of any spyware\nmonitoring your activities, it is recommended to use a clean operating system,\nsuch as Ubuntu, running from a USB flash drive or DVD. Furthermore, once the\npaper wallet is set up, the website code should be able to run offline, which\nallows you to disconnect from the internet before actually generating the\nkeys. Finally, use a printer that is not connected to a network.\n\nMoreover, it’s important to understand that you are printing valuable, private\ninformation on a piece of paper. So, you need to take certain measures to\nprotect that piece of paper. For instance, it is recommended to keep it in a\nsealed plastic bag and to store it in a dry, safe place to avoid water damage\nand general wear and tear. Some people prefer laminating it and storing it in\na safety deposit box.\n\n### Physical Bitcoin\n\nPhysical Bitcoin is usually preloaded with a fixed amount of BTC, and the\nintention is that its value cannot be spent as long as the private key remains\nhidden. This is usually achieved by using a tamper-evident seal.\n\nThe first of its kind, Bitbill, was shaped like a credit card, but most\nalternatives that followed were shaped like a round medal. Mike Cadwell, a\ncryptocurrency enthusiast nicknamed “Casascius,” created the first of the\npopular Casascius physical Bitcoins in 2011. Private keys were hidden under a\npeelable hologram, when removed, it left a tamper-evident mark. When redeemed,\nthe coin lost its digital worth. Since then, there have been several new coin\nmanufacturers.\n\nPhysical Bitcoins are a convenient way of storing your funds more safely and\ncan be extremely useful when trading offline. In addition, they’ve recently\nbecome a prized collector’s item. The main disadvantage, however, is a serious\none. In November 2013, Mike Cadwell was asked to cease operations by the\nFinancial Crimes Enforcement Network, as his work was considered to be a money\ntransmitter. The regulations for this activity were unbearable, so he was\nforced to stop the sales of items containing digital Bitcoins. As BTC is still\na legal grey area in a lot of countries, such items might even be considered\ncounterfeit money by authorities.\n\n### Mobile\n\nFor those actively using Bitcoin on a daily basis, paying for goods in shops\nor trading them face-to-face, a mobile BTC wallet is an essential tool. It\nruns as an app on your smartphone, storing your private keys and allowing you\nto pay for things directly from your phone. Moreover, some apps enable users\nto use their smartphones’ near-field communication feature, which means they\ncan simply tap their phone against the terminal without having to provide any\ninformation at all.\n\nAny full Bitcoin client requires access to the entire blockchain ledger, which\nis constantly growing and requires several gigabytes of storage. For these\nreasons, mobile wallets take advantage of simplified payment verification\ntechnology. They only work with small subsets of the blockchain, relying on\ntrusted nodes in the Bitcoin network to ensure that they have the correct\ninformation.\n\nDespite being a convenient on-the-go solution for Bitcoin storage, mobile\nwallets are prone to hacker attacks. Moreover, you can lose control of your\nwallet if someone simply gains access to your mobile device. There’s a large\nvariety of Bitcoin wallet apps for devices running on Android. Apple banned\nBitcoin wallets from the App Store in February 2014 but reversed its decision\nseveral months later.\n\nName\n\n|\n\nOperating system\n\n|\n\nFeatures \n \n---|---|--- \n \nFreeWallet\n\n|\n\niOS, Android\n\n|\n\nCold storage, withdraw from and to any cryptocurrency \n \nEdge\n\n|\n\niOS, Android\n\n|\n\nZero-knowledge, single sign-on, one-touch 2 factor authentication \n \nAtomic Wallet\n\n| iOS, Android|\n\nVery user-friendly, 500+ assets, instant exchange, buy crypto option, custody-\nfree app. \n \nLumi Wallet\n\n| iOS, Android|\n\nSecure and easy crypto wallet & exchange for mobile \n \nBlockchain Wallet\n\n|\n\niOS, Android\n\n|\n\nHierarchical deterministic, enable to browse Bitcoin merchants in your area,\nopen source software \n \nCopay\n\n|\n\niOS, Android, Windows Mobile\n\n|\n\nCan have multiple users, so the group approves each transaction to send money,\nopen source software \n \nJaxx\n\n|\n\niOS, Android\n\n|\n\nCold storage, no verification required \n \nMycelium\n\n|\n\niOS, Android\n\n|\n\nСold storage, hierarchical deterministic, open source software \n \n### Web\n\nWeb wallets store your private keys on a server, which is constantly online\nand controlled by a third party. Different services offer different features,\nsome of which can link to mobile and desktop wallets and replicate your\naddresses across the devices you own.\n\nMuch like mobile wallets, e-wallets enable their users to access their funds\non-the-go from any device connected to the internet. If not properly\nprotected, the organizations running the website might gain access to your\nprivate keys, thus gaining total control of your funds. Moreover, some\ne-wallets operate on exchanges, and there have been instances of exchanges\nshutting down and making off with their users’ funds.\n\nService\n\n|\n\nFeatures \n \n---|--- \n \nCoinbase\n\n|\n\nOne-stop solution, an exchange integrated with a wallet \n \nLumi Wallet\n\n|\n\nFree, easy, client-side interface to generate one wallet that supports BTC,\nETH and plenty of ERC20 tokens \n \nCircle\n\n|\n\nUsers can store, send, receive and buy Bitcoins \n \nBlockchain\n\n|\n\nOne of the most popular web-based wallets \n \nStrongcoin\n\n|\n\nOffers a hybrid wallet, which lets you encrypt your private address keys\nbefore sending them to its servers \n \nXapo\n\n|\n\nA simple Bitcoin wallet, with the added security of a cold-storage vault \n \n### Desktop\n\nDesktop wallets are downloaded and installed onto your computer, storing your\nprivate keys on your hard drive. By definition, they are more secure than\nonline and mobile wallets, as they don’t rely on third parties for their data\nand are harder to steal. They are still connected to the internet, which makes\nthem inherently less secure. However, desktop wallets are a great solution for\nthose who trade small amounts of Bitcoin from their computers.\n\nThere is a variety of different options of desktop wallets that cater to\ndifferent needs. Some focus on security, some on anonymity and so on.\n\nName\n\n|\n\nOperating system\n\n|\n\nFeatures \n \n---|---|--- \n \nElectrum\n\n|\n\nMac OS, Windows, Linux\n\n|\n\nOne of the most popular, robust, effective and secure desktop wallets; open\nsource; allows you to replace a transaction fee on an already broadcasted\ntransaction, which speeds up the confirmation process; address tagging;\nencryption \n \nExodus\n\n|\n\nMac OS, Windows, Linux\n\n|\n\nVery user-friendly and easy to understand, reliable wallet \n \nAtomic Wallet\n\n| Mac OS, Windows, Linux|\n\nAtomic is available for Mac OS, Windows and Linux, 500+ assets, keys are\nencrypted on your device, instant exchange, buy crypto option, custody-free\napp, 24/7 help center. \n \nBitcoin Core\n\n|\n\nMac OS, Windows, Linux\n\n|\n\nFull node wallet, you need to download the entire blockchain to use it. It\nallows you to independently verify transactions and not rely on anyone else in\nthe system \n \nCopay\n\n|\n\nMac OS, Windows, Linux\n\n|\n\nMultisignature wallet; mobile and desktop; open source \n \nArmory\n\n|\n\nMac OS, Windows, Linux, Ubuntu, RaspberriPi\n\n|\n\nPrioritizes safety and security; features a variety of encryption and cold-\nstorage options \n \n### Hardware\n\nA hardware wallet is a rather unique type of Bitcoin wallet that stores the\nuser’s private keys in a secure hardware device. It is the most secure way of\nstoring any amount of Bitcoin. There have been no verifiable incidents of\nmoney being stolen from a hardware wallet. Unlike paper wallets, which must be\nimported to software at some point, hardware wallets can be used securely and\ninteractively. Moreover, they are immune to computer viruses, the funds stored\ncannot be transferred out of the device in plaintext, and in most instances,\ntheir software is open source.\n\nSome hardware wallets even have screens, which add another layer of security,\nas they can be used to verify and display important wallet details. For\ninstance, a screen can be used to generate a recovery phrase and to confirm\nthe amount and address of the payment you wish to make. So, as long as you\ninvest in an authentic device made by a trustworthy and competent\nmanufacturer, your funds will be safe and secure.\n\nName\n\n|\n\nPrice\n\n|\n\nFeatures \n \n---|---|--- \n \nLedger Nano S\n\n|\n\n58 €\n\n|\n\nScreen; two buttons that you need to press simultaneously to confirm a\ntransaction, which prevents hackers from hacking into it and confirming\npayments; PIN code; box ships with an anti-tampering seal \n \nTREZOR\n\n|\n\n$99\n\n|\n\nScreen; two buttons; wallet can be backed up with up to 24 words + passphrase;\nPIN code \n \nKeepKey\n\n|\n\n$99\n\n|\n\nScreen; digital screen and metal body; PIN code; number randomization; can be\nbacked with up to 24 words; recovery can be done with Chrome extension \n \n### Bank\n\nRainer Michael Preiss, an executive director at Taurus Wealth Advisors, has\nrecently stated that all large U.S. banks are probably afraid of blockchain,\nBitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. He has also mentioned that, given the\nuncertainty from banking’s lack of transparency, cryptocurrencies can present\ninvestors with a viable alternative. Indeed, many banks do not accept Bitcoin\nas a currency; some of them even refuse to manage funds obtained through\noperations with cryptocurrencies.\n\nIn the light of banks’ reluctance to accept Bitcoin as a viable currency, a\nBitcoin Crypto Bank has been established. The first of its kind, it is a\nprivately owned company operating on the Bitcoin trade market. It accepts and\nmanage Bitcoin deposits, claiming to have a deep understanding of the market.\nOn its website, it claims to be a no-risk, secure and certified platform for\ninvestments with high chances of making huge profits.\n\n## Bitcoin wallets and security\n\n### Possible problems\n\n * Catching malware. Malicious software can scan your hard drive and find your private keys. Seconds later, all your Bitcoins can disappear.\n\n * A trojan can encrypt all the files on your hard drive. Afterward, it might find all the links to your wallets, then realize how much money you own and demand that exact amount of Bitcoins to decrypt your hard drive.\n\n * A digital exchange can make off with your money.\n\n * You can lose your laptop or your phone with your wallets installed on them.\n\n### Pieces of advice\n\n * Avoid using any kind of wallet that requires an internet connection; use cold storage options instead.\n\n * Always be cautious and double-check everything. For instance, you could receive an email that looks like it’s from BlockWallet, but it is actually from BlockWalet. If you authorize it, your Bitcoins could disappear immediately.\n\nDisclaimer: Cointelegraph does not endorse any content or product on this\npage. While we aim at providing you all important information that we could\nobtain, readers should do their own research before taking any actions related\nto the company and carry full responsibility for their decisions, nor this\narticle can be considered as an investment advice.\n\nNews\n\n * Bitcoin News\n * Blockchain News\n * Ethereum News\n * Altcoin News\n * Litecoin News\n * Ripple News\n * Business News\n * Technology News\n * Policy & Regulations\n\nFeatures\n\n * Top 100 2021\n * Top 100 2020\n * Hodler’s Digest\n * Magazine\n * Analysis\n * Opinion\n * Expert Take\n * Top 10 Cryptocurrencies\n * Market Analysis\n * Interview\n * Use Case\n\nMarket Tools\n\n * Market News\n * Ethereum Price Index\n * Bitcoin Price Index\n * Bitcoin Cash Price Index\n * Litecoin Price Index\n * Ripple Price Index\n * Monero Price Index\n * Markets Pro\n * Heatmap Partner\n\nCryptopedia\n\n * Explained\n * Bitcoin101\n * Ethereum101\n * Bitcoin Cash101\n * ICO101\n * Ripple101\n * Lightning Network101\n\nIndustry\n\n * Consulting Services\n * Technology Providers\n * Industry Reports\n * DApplist\n * Jobs\n * Store\n * Press Releases\n * Events\n * BlockShow\n * Changelly Partner\n * TradeSanta Partner\n\nAbout us\n\n * Franchise\n * Advertise\n * About\n * Widgets\n * Careers\n\nAre you a journalist or an editor? Join us\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n### COINTELEGRAPH NEWSLETTER\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n### MOBILE APPS\n\nTerms of services and Privacy policy\n\nCointelegraph covers fintech, blockchain and Bitcoin bringing you the latest\nnews and analyses on the future of money.\n\n© Cointelegraph 2013 - 2021\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://coincentral.com/how-send-receive-bitcoin-address/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210415070528/https://coincentral.com/how-send-receive-bitcoin-address/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "A Quick Guide to Receiving and Sending Bitcoin",
"passages": [
"The technology behind Bitcoin has the potential to solve a wide variety of the world’s problems. Perhaps its most promising capability, is low cost and speedy transactions. Using Bitcoin, you’re able to send value anywhere in the world almost instantly.",
"In order to get a Bitcoin address, you need a Bitcoin wallet. Bitcoin wallets are software that is used to “store”, send, and receive Bitcoins.",
"A Public Key is used to confirm that you are the owner of an address that can be used to receive funds.",
"If I’ve lost you, don’t worry! For your purposes, all you to need to understand is how to use your Bitcoin address. Simply put, your Bitcoin address can be used by anybody to send you Bitcoins. Below, I’ll show you just how easy it can be to send and receive Bitcoins.",
"For this guide, I’ll be using one of the most commonly recommended online wallets. You can learn more about the different types of wallets, as well as which we recommend, in our wallet guide.",
"Coinbase is a beginner friendly online wallet, as well as a way to easily buy and sell Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Their wallet is free to use and sign up is easy.",
"You can help secure your wallet, by enabling Google Authenticator as a 2-Factor Verification Method. This can be found under Settings > Security in your account.",
"It is worth noting, Coinbase holds your private keys, meaning you’re not in complete control over your cryptocurrency. With that being said, Coinbase is a widely trusted U.S. based company. You can learn more about the company in our Coinbase Review.",
"Once you have a wallet, receiving Bitcoin is incredibly simple. All that needs to be done is to find your Bitcoin address, then share it with whoever is sending you Bitcoin.",
"Coinbase – After you’ve created your Coinbase account, navigate to the “Accounts” tab. Here you will find your wallets. Click the “Receive” button on your Bitcoin wallet.",
"Your Bitcoin address will then be displayed. You can share this address with anyone who wants to send you Bitcoin.",
"While all wallets are different, generally all you need to know to send someone Bitcoin is their address and the amount you wish to send. Many wallets will also let you choose the transaction fee you’re willing to pay (lower fees can lead to slower transactions).",
"Coinbase – Navigate to the “Send” tab of your Coinbase account. Then choose the wallet of yours you want to send from. Next enter your recipient’s Bitcoin address (can copy and paste) and the amount you want to send them. Click send funds to initiate the transaction.",
"Every wallet comes with its own look, capabilities, and security features. However, all of these wallets use Bitcoin addresses as a public “account number” where Bitcoin can be sent.",
"Whichever wallet you use, be sure to research it and take advantage of any security features it offers. I recommend Bitcoin newcomers use the Coinbase wallet, as it’s incredibly easy to use. That being said, there are some wallets that offer stronger security and give you more control.",
"A Gareth Emery show is an absolute spectacle–a bombardment of lasers, music, and energy so grand it could convince an extraplanetary species to initiate war preparations. Short of stimulating a galactic war economy, Gareth Emery’s shows, adequately named Laserface, feature upwards of fifty lasers meticulously choreographed to his music to dazzle audiences of 10,000. However,...",
"CoinCentral's owners, writers, and/or guest post authors may or may not have a vested interest in any of the above projects and businesses. None of the content on CoinCentral is investment advice nor is it a replacement for advice from a certified financial planner."
]
},
"parsed_md": "A Quick Guide to Receiving and Sending Bitcoin | CoinCentral\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Log In\n\n * Members Dashboard\n * My Account\n * Products\n\n * Cryptocurrency Tool Kit\n * Merchandise\n * Crypto Pricing\n * Guides\n\n * Beginners Guide: What is Bitcoin?\n * How to Buy Bitcoin\n * The Best Bitcoin Wallets\n * What is Ethereum?\n * How to Buy Ethereum\n * The Best Ethereum Wallets\n * Blogs & Articles\n\n * CoinCentral Daily\n * Articles\n * Guides\n * News\n * Press Releases\n * Reviews\n * Merchandise\n * Advertise With Us\n\n12 August 2017|Guides\n\n12 August 2017|Guides\n\n# How to Send and Receive Bitcoin | CoinCentral Simple Beginners’ Guide\n\nPatrick Murphy\n\nHow to receive Bitcoin? Expand\n\nYou need to give the person sending you Bitcoin your wallet address to receive\nit.\n\nHow to send and receive Bitcoin? Expand\n\nYou send an receive Bitcoin by sending transactions on the Bitcoin network to\nBitcoin wallet addresses.\n\nThe technology behind Bitcoin has the potential to solve a wide variety of the\nworld’s problems. Perhaps its most promising capability, is low cost and\nspeedy transactions. Using Bitcoin, you’re able to send value anywhere in the\nworld almost instantly.\n\nIn this guide, I’ll help to answer:\n\n * How to Get a Bitcoin Address\n * How to Receive Bitcoin\n * How to Send Bitcoin\n\n## How to Get a Bitcoin Address\n\nIn order to get a Bitcoin address, you need a Bitcoin wallet. Bitcoin wallets\nare software that is used to “store”, send, and receive Bitcoins.\n\nTechnically, wallets do not actually store your Bitcoin, but instead store a\nset of private and public ECDSA keypairs.\n\nA Private Key is a “secret number”, mathematically related to your public key,\nthat signs transactions.\n\nA Public Key is used to confirm that you are the owner of an address that can\nbe used to receive funds.\n\nA Bitcoin Address is a hashed version of a public key, used as an “account\nnumber” to receive bitcoin.\n\nIf I’ve lost you, don’t worry! For your purposes, all you to need to\nunderstand is how to use your Bitcoin address. Simply put, your Bitcoin\naddress can be used by anybody to send you Bitcoins. Below, I’ll show you just\nhow easy it can be to send and receive Bitcoins.\n\n## Choosing a Wallet\n\nFor this guide, I’ll be using one of the most commonly recommended online\nwallets. You can learn more about the different types of wallets, as well as\nwhich we recommend, in our wallet guide.\n\nCoinbase is a beginner friendly online wallet, as well as a way to easily buy\nand sell Bitcoin and other cryptocurrencies. Their wallet is free to use and\nsign up is easy.\n\nYou can help secure your wallet, by enabling Google Authenticator as a\n2-Factor Verification Method. This can be found under Settings > Security in\nyour account.\n\nIt is worth noting, Coinbase holds your private keys, meaning you’re not in\ncomplete control over your cryptocurrency. With that being said, Coinbase is a\nwidely trusted U.S. based company. You can learn more about the company in our\nCoinbase Review.\n\n## How to Receive Bitcoin\n\nOnce you have a wallet, receiving Bitcoin is incredibly simple. All that needs\nto be done is to find your Bitcoin address, then share it with whoever is\nsending you Bitcoin.\n\nCoinbase – After you’ve created your Coinbase account, navigate to the\n“Accounts” tab. Here you will find your wallets. Click the “Receive” button on\nyour Bitcoin wallet.\n\nYour Bitcoin address will then be displayed. You can share this address with\nanyone who wants to send you Bitcoin.\n\n## How to Send Bitcoin\n\nWhile all wallets are different, generally all you need to know to send\nsomeone Bitcoin is their address and the amount you wish to send. Many wallets\nwill also let you choose the transaction fee you’re willing to pay (lower fees\ncan lead to slower transactions).\n\nCoinbase – Navigate to the “Send” tab of your Coinbase account. Then choose\nthe wallet of yours you want to send from. Next enter your recipient’s Bitcoin\naddress (can copy and paste) and the amount you want to send them. Click send\nfunds to initiate the transaction.\n\nIt’s important to note, once you send the Bitcoins, there’s no reversing the\ntransaction.\n\n## Summary\n\nEvery wallet comes with its own look, capabilities, and security features.\nHowever, all of these wallets use Bitcoin addresses as a public “account\nnumber” where Bitcoin can be sent.\n\nWhichever wallet you use, be sure to research it and take advantage of any\nsecurity features it offers. I recommend Bitcoin newcomers use the Coinbase\nwallet, as it’s incredibly easy to use. That being said, there are some\nwallets that offer stronger security and give you more control.\n\nBitcoinFundamentals\n\n### NEWSLETTER\n\n### RELATED ARTICLES\n\n## Does Bitcoin’s Enhancing Anonymity Mean Doomsday for Privacy Coins?\n\nDecember 11, 2020 Adam Stieb\n\nIn the early stages of Bitcoin development, most cryptocurrency enthusiasts\ntended to think that the original digital...\n\nRead More\n\n## How did Binance Grow So Fast? A Walk Down the Exchange’s Rocky Road\n\nJuly 6, 2020 Adam Stieb\n\nEven though it was founded in 2017, a time when there were already established\ncompanies in the...\n\nRead More\n\n## Ethereum 2.0: Is the Interest Real or Hype About Nothing?\n\nJune 25, 2020 Adam Stieb\n\nEthereum 2.0 is the next level of the Ethereum platform which will introduce\nseveral new features aimed...\n\nRead More\n\n### NEXT ARTICLE\n\n### NEXT ARTICLE\n\n### Superstar DJ Gareth Emery’s NFT Debut: Lasers on the Blockchain\n\nApril 14, 2021\n\nA Gareth Emery show is an absolute spectacle–a bombardment of lasers, music,\nand energy so grand it could convince an extraplanetary species to initiate\nwar preparations. Short of stimulating a galactic war economy, Gareth Emery’s\nshows, adequately named Laserface, feature upwards of fifty lasers\nmeticulously choreographed to his music to dazzle audiences of 10,000.\nHowever,...\n\nRead More\n\nArticles\n\n### Superstar DJ Gareth Emery’s NFT Debut: Lasers on the Blockchain\n\nApril 14, 2021\n\n...\n\nRead More\n\nVIEW MORE\n\n### ABOUT THE AUTHOR\n\n### ABOUT THE AUTHOR\n\nPatrick Murphy\n\nNews\n\n### What’s Driving Bitcoin Prices Today\n\nApril 12, 2021\n\n...\n\nRead More\n\nNews\n\n### The Coinbase Stock Listing: What to Expect as a Crypto Investor\n\nApril 12, 2021\n\n...\n\nRead More\n\nGuides\n\n### What is DeFi Staking on Binance\n\nApril 5, 2021\n\n...\n\nRead More\n\nCoinCentral's owners, writers, and/or guest post authors may or may not have a\nvested interest in any of the above projects and businesses. None of the\ncontent on CoinCentral is investment advice nor is it a replacement for advice\nfrom a certified financial planner.\n\n### | COINCENTRAL\n\n### | ADDITIONAL RESOURCES\n\n### | OUR SOCIAL\n\n### | SUBSCRIBE TO OUR NEWSLETTER\n\nPrivacy Policy | Copyright 2018\n\nScroll To Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.weusecoins.com/en/getting-started/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420234630/https://www.weusecoins.com/en/getting-started/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "5 Easy Steps To Get Bitcoins and Learning How To Use Them",
"passages": [
"Many people ask, 'How do I get bitcoins?' The quick and dirty is covered in our comprehensive guide: 40+ Best Ways To Buy Bitcoins",
"The easiest and fastest way to buy bitcoins instantly with a credit card or debit card is via Indacoin where you can acquire $50 or less of bitcoin fast and usually within 10 minutes.",
"However, you may be new to the entire cryptocurrency concept and for that we recommend you learn a few things.",
"Before you start using Bitcoin, which is still experimental but has been operational without any interruptions for over eight years, there are a few things that you need to know in order to use it securely and avoid common pitfalls.",
"Second, you can use them to send or receive any amount of money, with anyone, anywhere in the world, at very low cost. Bitcoin payments are impossible to block, and bitcoin wallets can’t be frozen.",
"Third, with Bitcoin you can directly control the money yourself without going through a third party like a bank or Paypal.",
"FifthTo be valid, a Bitcoin transactions must be confirmed at least once but preferrably 6+ times before it has happened and becomes irreversible.",
"Sixth, Bitcoin is not anonymous but there is tumbling. All Bitcoin transactions are stored publicly and permanently on the network, which means anyone can see the balance and transactions of any Bitcoin address.",
"Seventh, you can get bitcoins by accepting them as a payment for goods and services or by buying them from a friend or someone near you. You can also buy them directly from an exchange with your bank account.",
"Eighth, there is a growing number of services and merchants accepting Bitcoin all over the world. You can use Bitcoin to pay them and rate your experience to help honest businesses to gain more visibility.",
"Setting up your first Bitcoin wallet is simple. There are several quality mobile, desktop, and hybrid wallets available. If you want to do thorough research then you can read our comprehensive guide on how to find the best Bitcoin wallet.",
"(2) acquire bitcoins from a friend, as payment for a good or service or buy bitcoins from one of the many exchanges.",
"(3) if you decide to store large amounts of bitcoins and want to know they are absolutely safe then use Armory.",
"Copay is a Bitcoin wallet by Bitpay and available on iOS, Android, Windows Phone, Linux, Max OS X, and Windows. Because Copay is available on multiple platforms, it’s easy to use the same wallet or accounts across multiple devices.",
"Copay’s simple, clean user interface makes it a good choice for new Bitcoin users. Copay is also a good option for businesses due to a shared account feature, which requires a certain number of users to sign each transaction. Two co-founders, for example, could create a 2 of 2 wallet where both will be required to sign each transaction.",
"Atomic Wallet is available on Google Play and fully optimized for Android devices. The app provides the option to seamlessly manage and exchange 300+ coins and tokens. Private keys are encrypted on users’ device and never leave it.",
"Breadwallet started out as the most popular wallet for iPhone, and now it is also available for Adroid devices running Android 6.0 or higher. The simplicity and easy-to-use security makes it a great place to start for users who are new to bitcoin.",
"AirBitz is another Bitcoin wallet that’s great for everyday use. It’s integrated with Fold, meaning you can get 20% discounts at Starbucks from within the wallet.",
"Airbitz manages accounts with usernames and passwords, but doesn’t have access to your funds. This type of account creation is easier for less technical users who may have trouble backing up or understanding HD seeds.",
"Breadwallet’s combination of simplicity and security has made it the most popular iOS wallet. iPhone users in search of their first Bitcoin wallet should find Breadwallet easy to understand.",
"Bitcoin software wallets are downloaded to your computer, give you more control and do not depend on third-party services. Most software bitcoin wallets require a day or so to download the blockchain before they are ready for use.",
"Hybrid Bitcoin allow you to both control the private keys and have the easy of use of a web wallet.",
"Copay is a Bitcoin wallet by Bitpay and available on iOS, Android, Windows Phone, Linux, Max OS X, and Windows. Because Copay is available on multiple platforms, it’s easy to use the same wallet or accounts across multiple devices.",
"Copay’s simple, clean user interface makes it a good choice for new Bitcoin users. Copay is also a good option for businesses due to a shared account feature, which requires a certain number of users to sign each transaction. Two co-founders, for example, could create a 2 of 2 wallet where both will be required to sign each transaction.",
"Bitcoin web wallets are the easiest and most convenient to use but are potentially less secure than the above options because the private keys to your bitcoins are usually held by a third-party.",
"Due to the large number of security breaches where people have lost bitcoins, we do not recommend any of the current Bitcoin web wallets. Some wallets can be used on mobile & desktop. They provide the benefits of a software wallet and is easy to use across many devices.",
"With the Bitcoin price so volatile many people seem curious about getting some. Below we have listed some of the best exchanges.",
"If you want to do your own research then check our guide on how to buy bitcoins in any country. Here are our recommendations:",
"Coinbase is one of the world's largest Bitcoin exchanges. Users in the United States, Canada, most of Europe, and Singapore can buy bitcoins with a connected bank account or SEPA transfer.",
"Indacoin is a global platform enabling the quickest bitcoin purchases in more than 200 countires with a credit or debit card and no registration.",
"If it's the first time you use the card, you will receive a call from Indacoin with a 4-digit code, which should be entered on your order page. After that, you will have to enter a 3-digit code, which can be found on your online card statement next to the charge amount.",
"You will have the limit of $50 for the first transaction, $100 for the second transaction available after four days of the initial purchase and $500 after eight days of the first buy. The total limit for the first month will be $5,000 and then no limits at all.",
"Kraken is one of the world's largest Bitcoin exchanges. Residents of Europe and the UK can deposit and purchase bitcoins with same day SEPA transfer.",
"SpectroCoin is an all-in-one solution for Bitcoin offering an exchange, debit card and ability to buy bitcoins with credit cards.",
"Many people find that the best way to get bitcoins is to accept them as payment for the products or services they already sell. Just give your customers the option to pay in bitcoin.",
"To make it easy, you may want to sign up for a bitcoin merchant account which allows you to send invoices and integrate bitcoin payments into your order pages for the most popular online shopping cart systems.",
"Mining bitcoins requires an investment in specialized bitcoin mining hardware designed to process double round sha256 hash verifications at high speed.",
"Getting started with Bitcoin mining can be a daunting endeavor and it has become highly specialized so you may want to leave it to professionals with Bitcoin cloud mining services.",
"It is important to point out that bitcoin mining is highly competitive and risky for would-be participants. Please see our bitcoin mining guide for more detail.",
"Starting to use bitcoins can be exciting because it is a new technology. Bitcoins can be used to purchase just about anything you want. Dental services, a brand new car, travel and even luxury real estate.",
"We recommend searching the Bitcoin merchant directories below to locate the merchants you are interested in. You can buy gift cards with bitcoin and shop easily at most of the stores you already use.",
"One of the best things to buy with Bitcoin is virtual private network (VPN) services to keep your Internet traffic safe, secure and private. We put together a comprehensive list of VPNs you can buy with Bitcoin.",
"Another tool many people like to buy is a Bitcoin debit card which enables people to load a debit card with funds via bitcoins.",
"Are you a merchant or freelancer that would want to start accepting bitcoins for goods or services? We have a few high resolution graphics that can help you.",
"Just that it is in fully scalable PSD form so even blowing it up to huge printable resolutions will do no harm to them. And you can edit them easily.",
"A bit more exciting. Same deal: PSD and resolutions available with no copyrights to worry about by using and modifying an existing coin design. Scaling the PSD up more than 500% is fine but after that it may get blurry.",
"BitGive - a non-profit foundation that is accepting donations from the Bitcoin community and providing charitable gifts to environmental and public health causes worldwide.",
"Michael Casey and Paul Vigna of the Wall Street Journal authored The Age of Cryptocurrency which has become a best seller on the topic of Bitcoin.",
"This may be a great book for you to start with when forming an intellectual foundation on this new technology."
]
},
"parsed_md": "5 Easy Steps To Get Bitcoins and Learning How To Use Them\n\nPrice ... Global Vol. ... Diff. ...\n\n * Overview - Table of Contents\n * Get Started With Bitcoin\n * Get a Bitcoin wallet\n * Best Bitcoin Wallets\n * How to Get Bitcoins\n * How to Earn Bitcoins\n * What is Bitcoin mining?\n * Merchant Directories\n * Promotional Images\n * Spending Bitcoins\n * Bitcoin News\n\nMany people ask, 'How do I get bitcoins?' The quick and dirty is covered in\nour comprehensive guide: 40+ Best Ways To Buy Bitcoins\n\nThe easiest and fastest way to buy bitcoins instantly with a credit card or\ndebit card is via Indacoin where you can acquire $50 or less of bitcoin fast\nand usually within 10 minutes.\n\nHowever, you may be new to the entire cryptocurrency concept and for that we\nrecommend you learn a few things.\n\nBitcoin is extremely empowering but also different than the currency you know\nand use every day.\n\n## Step 1 ---> Get Started With Bitcoin\n\nBefore you start using Bitcoin, which is still experimental but has been\noperational without any interruptions for over eight years, there are a few\nthings that you need to know in order to use it securely and avoid common\npitfalls.\n\nFirst, Bitcoins are impossible to counterfeit or inflate.\n\nSecond, you can use them to send or receive any amount of money, with anyone,\nanywhere in the world, at very low cost. Bitcoin payments are impossible to\nblock, and bitcoin wallets can’t be frozen.\n\nThird, with Bitcoin you can directly control the money yourself without going\nthrough a third party like a bank or Paypal.\n\nFourth, Bitcoin transactions cannot be reversed or refunded. You should only\ndeal with businesses or people you trust.\n\nFifthTo be valid, a Bitcoin transactions must be confirmed at least once but\npreferrably 6+ times before it has happened and becomes irreversible.\n\nSixth, Bitcoin is not anonymous but there is tumbling. All Bitcoin\ntransactions are stored publicly and permanently on the network, which means\nanyone can see the balance and transactions of any Bitcoin address.\n\nSeventh, you can get bitcoins by accepting them as a payment for goods and\nservices or by buying them from a friend or someone near you. You can also buy\nthem directly from an exchange with your bank account.\n\nEighth, there is a growing number of services and merchants accepting Bitcoin\nall over the world. You can use Bitcoin to pay them and rate your experience\nto help honest businesses to gain more visibility.\n\nNinth, the Bitcoin industry is always changing and there are many Bitcoin news\nservices to stay up to date.\n\nTenth, beware of the confusingly similar Bcash, BCH, Bitcoin Cash project.\n\n## Step 2 ---> How To Get A Bitcoin Wallet\n\nSetting up your first Bitcoin wallet is simple. There are several quality\nmobile, desktop, and hybrid wallets available. If you want to do thorough\nresearch then you can read our comprehensive guide on how to find the best\nBitcoin wallet.\n\nA great path would be:\n\n(1) a mobile wallet like Atomic Wallet (iPhone, Android).\n\n(2) acquire bitcoins from a friend, as payment for a good or service or buy\nbitcoins from one of the many exchanges.\n\n(3) if you decide to store large amounts of bitcoins and want to know they are\nabsolutely safe then use Armory.\n\n### Best Mobile Bitcoin Wallets\n\niPhone and Android apps are available with popular choices including:\n\n###\n\nCopay\n\nDownload\n\nCopay is a Bitcoin wallet by Bitpay and available on iOS, Android, Windows\nPhone, Linux, Max OS X, and Windows. Because Copay is available on multiple\nplatforms, it’s easy to use the same wallet or accounts across multiple\ndevices.\n\nCopay’s simple, clean user interface makes it a good choice for new Bitcoin\nusers. Copay is also a good option for businesses due to a shared account\nfeature, which requires a certain number of users to sign each transaction.\nTwo co-founders, for example, could create a 2 of 2 wallet where both will be\nrequired to sign each transaction.\n\n###\n\nAtomic Wallet (Android)\n\nLearn More Download\n\nAtomic Wallet is available on Google Play and fully optimized for Android\ndevices. The app provides the option to seamlessly manage and exchange 300+\ncoins and tokens. Private keys are encrypted on users’ device and never leave\nit.\n\n###\n\nbreadwallet (Android)\n\nLearn More Download\n\nBreadwallet started out as the most popular wallet for iPhone, and now it is\nalso available for Adroid devices running Android 6.0 or higher. The\nsimplicity and easy-to-use security makes it a great place to start for users\nwho are new to bitcoin.\n\n###\n\nAirbitz\n\nLearn More Download\n\nAirBitz is another Bitcoin wallet that’s great for everyday use. It’s\nintegrated with Fold, meaning you can get 20% discounts at Starbucks from\nwithin the wallet.\n\nAirbitz manages accounts with usernames and passwords, but doesn’t have access\nto your funds. This type of account creation is easier for less technical\nusers who may have trouble backing up or understanding HD seeds.\n\n###\n\nbreadwallet (iOS)\n\nLearn More Download\n\nBreadwallet’s combination of simplicity and security has made it the most\npopular iOS wallet. iPhone users in search of their first Bitcoin wallet\nshould find Breadwallet easy to understand.\n\n### Best Bitcoin Software Wallets\n\nBitcoin software wallets are downloaded to your computer, give you more\ncontrol and do not depend on third-party services. Most software bitcoin\nwallets require a day or so to download the blockchain before they are ready\nfor use.\n\n### Best Hybrid Bitcoin Wallets\n\nHybrid Bitcoin allow you to both control the private keys and have the easy of\nuse of a web wallet.\n\n###\n\nCopay\n\nDownload\n\nCopay is a Bitcoin wallet by Bitpay and available on iOS, Android, Windows\nPhone, Linux, Max OS X, and Windows. Because Copay is available on multiple\nplatforms, it’s easy to use the same wallet or accounts across multiple\ndevices.\n\nCopay’s simple, clean user interface makes it a good choice for new Bitcoin\nusers. Copay is also a good option for businesses due to a shared account\nfeature, which requires a certain number of users to sign each transaction.\nTwo co-founders, for example, could create a 2 of 2 wallet where both will be\nrequired to sign each transaction.\n\n### Best Bitcoin Web Wallets\n\nBitcoin web wallets are the easiest and most convenient to use but are\npotentially less secure than the above options because the private keys to\nyour bitcoins are usually held by a third-party.\n\nDue to the large number of security breaches where people have lost bitcoins,\nwe do not recommend any of the current Bitcoin web wallets. Some wallets can\nbe used on mobile & desktop. They provide the benefits of a software wallet\nand is easy to use across many devices.\n\n### Best Bitcoin Hardware Wallets\n\nBitcoin hardware wallets are the most secure because they do not expose your\nprivate keys to the network.\n\n * COLDCARD Wallet - Cheap, Ultra-secure & Opensource Hardware Bitcoin Wallet\n * Ledger Wallet - Smartcard based and malware proof\n * Ledger Wallet Review\n * OPENDIME - The Bitcoin Credit Stick\n * OPENDIME Review\n\n## Step 3 ---> How To Get Bitcoins\n\n### How to buy Bitcoins\n\nWith the Bitcoin price so volatile many people seem curious about getting\nsome. Below we have listed some of the best exchanges.\n\nIf you want to do your own research then check our guide on how to buy\nbitcoins in any country. Here are our recommendations:\n\nCoinbase Buy\n\nCoinbase is one of the world's largest Bitcoin exchanges. Users in the United\nStates, Canada, most of Europe, and Singapore can buy bitcoins with a\nconnected bank account or SEPA transfer.\n\nEuropean users can purchase bitcoins with 3D secure credit or debit cards.\n\nIndacoin Buy\n\nIndacoin is a global platform enabling the quickest bitcoin purchases in more\nthan 200 countires with a credit or debit card and no registration.\n\nIf it's the first time you use the card, you will receive a call from Indacoin\nwith a 4-digit code, which should be entered on your order page. After that,\nyou will have to enter a 3-digit code, which can be found on your online card\nstatement next to the charge amount.\n\nYou will have the limit of $50 for the first transaction, $100 for the second\ntransaction available after four days of the initial purchase and $500 after\neight days of the first buy. The total limit for the first month will be\n$5,000 and then no limits at all.\n\nSince your card is verified, cryptocurrency is sent automatically within ten\nminutes after the payment.\n\nKraken Buy\n\nKraken is one of the world's largest Bitcoin exchanges. Residents of Europe\nand the UK can deposit and purchase bitcoins with same day SEPA transfer.\n\nLocalBitcoins Buy\n\nLocalBitcoins is an escrow service that helps match Bitcoin buyers and\nsellers.\n\nSpectroCoin Buy\n\nSpectroCoin is an all-in-one solution for Bitcoin offering an exchange, debit\ncard and ability to buy bitcoins with credit cards.\n\n### How To Earn Bitcoins\n\nMany people find that the best way to get bitcoins is to accept them as\npayment for the products or services they already sell. Just give your\ncustomers the option to pay in bitcoin.\n\nTo make it easy, you may want to sign up for a bitcoin merchant account which\nallows you to send invoices and integrate bitcoin payments into your order\npages for the most popular online shopping cart systems.\n\n * WeUseCoins Bitcoin Faucet - Get free bitcoins that are provided by sponsors\n * BitPay - (Highly Recommended) - Merchant tools and account services\n * Free Digital Money - Get free bitcoins by trying apps, taking surveys, watching ads, and much more\n * Jobs 4 Bitcoin - Subreddit where you can find jobs\n * SatoshiDisk - Write or Upload, Share and Sale your digital goods for bitcoins. Free service.\n\n### What Is Bitcoin Mining?\n\nMining bitcoins requires an investment in specialized bitcoin mining hardware\ndesigned to process double round sha256 hash verifications at high speed.\n\nGetting started with Bitcoin mining can be a daunting endeavor and it has\nbecome highly specialized so you may want to leave it to professionals with\nBitcoin cloud mining services.\n\nNevertheless, there are many excellent bitcoin mining systems available.\n\nIt is important to point out that bitcoin mining is highly competitive and\nrisky for would-be participants. Please see our bitcoin mining guide for more\ndetail.\n\nIf you want to try your luck at bitcoin mining then this Bitcoin miner is\nprobably the best deal.\n\n## Step 4 ---> How To Use Bitcoins?\n\nStarting to use bitcoins can be exciting because it is a new technology.\nBitcoins can be used to purchase just about anything you want. Dental\nservices, a brand new car, travel and even luxury real estate.\n\nWe recommend searching the Bitcoin merchant directories below to locate the\nmerchants you are interested in. You can buy gift cards with bitcoin and shop\neasily at most of the stores you already use.\n\n### Bitcoin Merchant Directories\n\n * Airbitz - Find bitcoin friendly merchants near you and online\n * Open Bazaar - A decentralized marketplace\n * Coinmap - Find bitcoin friendly merchants near you\n\nOne of the best things to buy with Bitcoin is virtual private network (VPN)\nservices to keep your Internet traffic safe, secure and private. We put\ntogether a comprehensive list of VPNs you can buy with Bitcoin.\n\nAnother tool many people like to buy is a Bitcoin debit card which enables\npeople to load a debit card with funds via bitcoins.\n\n### Promotional Images\n\nAre you a merchant or freelancer that would want to start accepting bitcoins\nfor goods or services? We have a few high resolution graphics that can help\nyou.\n\nSo this is exactly the typical sign as you can also find on the Bitcoin Wiki.\n\nJust that it is in fully scalable PSD form so even blowing it up to huge\nprintable resolutions will do no harm to them. And you can edit them easily.\n\nAll images have transparent corners.\n\n * Full PSD\n * 1,680 pixels - High resolution\n * 168 pixels - Small for website buttons\n\n### Gold Version\n\nA bit more exciting. Same deal: PSD and resolutions available with no\ncopyrights to worry about by using and modifying an existing coin design.\nScaling the PSD up more than 500% is fine but after that it may get blurry.\n\n * Full PSD\n * 1,680 pixels - High resolution\n * 168 pixels - Small for website buttons\n\n### Buy Gift Cards With Bitcoins\n\nAvailable from Gyft and spendable at:\n\n * Amazon\n\n### Charity\n\n * BitGive - a non-profit foundation that is accepting donations from the Bitcoin community and providing charitable gifts to environmental and public health causes worldwide.\n\n## Step 5 ---> Staying Informed With Bitcoin News\n\nMichael Casey and Paul Vigna of the Wall Street Journal authored The Age of\nCryptocurrency which has become a best seller on the topic of Bitcoin.\n\nThis may be a great book for you to start with when forming an intellectual\nfoundation on this new technology.\n\nThere is the WeUseCoins News Section and these are the 5 most recent articles:\n\n * HitBTC - How insolvent are they? The reality will SHOCK you.\n * Bypassing the Cryptocurrencies Ban in China\n * Wall Street veteran Caitlin Long discusses financialization\n * The Basic Guide on How to Claim and Sell Bitcoin Forks\n * A Reading List - Long Live Decentralized Bitcoin\n * Two Tips To Keep Your Online Activity- And Your Bitcoin- Safer\n * Top Cryptocurrencies Along With Bitcoin\n * Why Wont Bitfinex/Tether Should Publish Already Existing Reports\n * Should You Buy Bitcoin With A Credit Card\n * How Latin American Growth Will Advance Through Bitcoin\n\nHere are some good places to keep up with bitcoin news and discussion:\n\n * Opinions of the Rich and Famous on Bitcoin\n * Research Library - papers from companies and academics\n * r/bitcoin - Bitcoin links and discussion by the Reddit community\n * @Bitcoin - The hub of the Bitcoin Twitter community\n * Crypto Research Report - Institutional quality analysis of the crypto-industry\n * MWC - Learn something new like Mimble Wimble for scalability, privacy, anonymity and fungibility.\n * Bitcoin Charts - price charts\n * Bitcoin Knowledge Podcast - Interviews with top people in the Bitcoin world\n\nWeUseCoinsTM® © 2011-2020 Hesiod Services LLC | Terms | Privacy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://cointelegraph.com/news/3-ways-to-turn-bitcoins-into-gift-cards",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210123024947/https://cointelegraph.com/news/3-ways-to-turn-bitcoins-into-gift-cards",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "3 Ways to Turn Bitcoins Into Gift Cards",
"passages": [
"Anything from plane tickets to houses, sex toys to groceries, can be purchased just by using CheapAir or BitPremier, Purse or Magic (respectively). But you can also just buy good ol'-fashioned gift cards.",
"Founded in 2012 with the aim to eliminate the use of physical gift cards, Gyft began accepting Bitcoin relatively early on. They offer cards for over 200 retailers, including:",
"New users are rewarded with a free US$5 card for signing up, and all purchases made in Bitcoin are rewarded with 3 % discounts via a points system.",
"Seeking to cater to social shoppers, eGifter offers to track your friends' birthdays, make present recommendations, and connect to your friends via Facebook to prompt “crowdfunding” of the gift.",
"Dogecoin and Litecoin are also accepted in addition to Bitcoin, and eGifter offers discount reward points (similar to Gyft) for Bitcoin shoppers.",
"Recently rebranded from their former name, Pockio, Gift Off accepts the most cryptocurrencies by far: 24! They support the most popular, but have also recently added obscure currencies like Bits of Bullion, BitcoinDark, Darkcoin, HyperStake, DigiByte, Earthcoin, StartCoin, and Unobtanium.",
"These services all store the gift cards you purchase in your account, retrievable at any time. In-person use of the cards (versus online shopping) is facilitated by downloading the corresponding apps.",
"The apps load the gift cards with bar codes, which are then scanned by cashiers. (Bonus: watch your cashier's face when you tell her you bought your card with Bitcoin.)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "3 Ways to Turn Bitcoins Into Gift Cards\n\n * BTC $32,286\n * ETH $1,220\n * LTC $136.28\n * XRP $0.28\n * BCH $428\n * XMR $136.3\n * DASH $105\n * EOS $2.62\n * ZEC $87\n * ADA $0.348\n * NEO $23.39\n * BNB $40\n * XLM $0.273\n * USDT $1.0010\n * MIOTA $0.45\n\nX\n\n * BTC $32,286 +5.07%\n * ETH $1,220 +5.34%\n * LTC $136.28 +1.29%\n * XRP $0.28 +4.28%\n * BCH $428 +1.82%\n * EOS $2.62 +2.91%\n\n * Advertise\n * Careers\n\nAmanda B. Johnson\n\nFeb 26, 2015\n\n# 3 Ways to Turn Bitcoins Into Gift Cards\n\nIf only everything were available for purchase in Bitcoin. Oh, wait, it is.\n\n4630 Total views\n\nIf only everything were available for purchase in Bitcoin.\n\nOh, wait, it is.\n\nAnything from plane tickets to houses, sex toys to groceries, can be purchased\njust by using CheapAir or BitPremier, Purse or Magic (respectively). But you\ncan also just buy good ol'-fashioned gift cards.\n\nThe companies Gyft, eGifter, and newly-rebranded Gift Off stand out in the\ncrypto-for-gift card space:\n\n### 1\\. Gyft\n\nFounded in 2012 with the aim to eliminate the use of physical gift cards, Gyft\nbegan accepting Bitcoin relatively early on. They offer cards for over 200\nretailers, including:\n\n * Amazon\n * Whole Foods\n * Home Depot\n * Starbucks\n * Target\n * Best Buy\n\nNew users are rewarded with a free US$5 card for signing up, and all purchases\nmade in Bitcoin are rewarded with 3 % discounts via a points system.\n\n### 2\\. eGifter\n\nSeeking to cater to social shoppers, eGifter offers to track your friends'\nbirthdays, make present recommendations, and connect to your friends via\nFacebook to prompt “crowdfunding” of the gift.\n\neGifter covers over 215 retailers, including:\n\n * eBay\n * CVS\n * Groupon\n * Jiffy Lube\n * REI\n * Burger King\n\nDogecoin and Litecoin are also accepted in addition to Bitcoin, and eGifter\noffers discount reward points (similar to Gyft) for Bitcoin shoppers.\n\n### 3\\. Gift Off\n\nRecently rebranded from their former name, Pockio, Gift Off accepts the most\ncryptocurrencies by far: 24! They support the most popular, but have also\nrecently added obscure currencies like Bits of Bullion, BitcoinDark, Darkcoin,\nHyperStake, DigiByte, Earthcoin, StartCoin, and Unobtanium.\n\nGift Off covers part of the digital goods niche, offering cards for 165\nretailers including:\n\n * Apple Store\n * Google Play store\n * Steam\n * Skype\n * Spotify\n\nThere isn't currently a reward points program, but Gift Off purchases are\ncommission-free.\n\n### The Phone is the New Wallet\n\nThese services all store the gift cards you purchase in your account,\nretrievable at any time. In-person use of the cards (versus online shopping)\nis facilitated by downloading the corresponding apps.\n\nThe apps load the gift cards with bar codes, which are then scanned by\ncashiers. (Bonus: watch your cashier's face when you tell her you bought your\ncard with Bitcoin.)\n\nDo you know of other crypto-accepting gift card services not mentioned here?\nShare below.\n\nDid you enjoy this article? You may also be interested in reading these ones:\n\n * Bitcoin and Magic: Is Decentralized Shipping Coming?\n * New Reddit Bot Offers Discounted Steam Games for Bitcoin\n * Christmas Gift Ideas for the Bitcoin Lovers\n\n * #Bitcoin\n * #EarthCoin\n * #Cryptocurrencies\n * #Gyft\n * #Amazon\n * #Cheapair\n * #Darkcoin\n * #BitcoinDark\n * #Gift Cards\n * #Unobtanium\n * #StartCOIN\n\nRelated News\n\n * ETH Miners Will Have Little Choice Once Ethereum 2.0 Launches With PoS\n\n * History in the making as first private exchange launches on Binance Cloud\n\n * Bitcoin genesis block is the ‘New Testament’ of finance\n\n * The next big treasure: Corporations buy up Bitcoin as a treasury reserve\n\n * Crypto Startup Launches Lightning-Powered BTC Payments Functionality for E-Commerce Sites\n\n * Bitcoin Analyst Says BTC Could Reach $25,000 by End of 2019\n\nLoading\n\nEditor’s Choice\n\n * Senate committee votes unanimously in favor of Yellen as Treasury Secretary\n * Some Russian officials are being forced to sell their crypto by April 2021\n * Bitcoin price bounces above $32K as MicroStrategy 'buys the dip' with $10M\n * Crypto Fear and Greed index drops to October 2020 levels\n * Law Decoded: Bank payments going global with stablecoins and CBDCs, Jan. 15–22\n\nCointelegraph YouTube Subscribe\n\nAdvertise with us\n\nBitcoin BTC/USD\n\n32,286.17 +5.07%\n\nEthereum ETH/USD\n\n1,219.63 +5.34%\n\nLitecoin LTC/USD\n\n136.28 +1.29%\n\nRipple XRP/USD\n\n0.28 +4.28%\n\nEOS EOS/USD\n\n2.62 +2.91%\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://coinmap.org/welcome/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417160836/https://coinmap.org/welcome/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Crypto ATMs & merchants of the world",
"passages": [
"...great! Before you start spending crypto, you have to get some—but what if there's no Bitcoin ATM nearby? Figuring out how to buy Bitcoin safely online can be complex, and finding the best crypto exchange rates can be time consuming. Invity, our sister project, knows this, so they've handpicked and brought together only the most trustworthy partners in the digital currency market. This means you'll find the best offers for buying, exchanging, and investing in cryptocurrencies—all in one place. Then complete your trades in a smooth, minimalist interface that makes buying easy, whether it's your first or one hundred and first crypto purchase.",
"Hardware wallets are the most secure way to protect your cryptocurrencies. Generate recovery backups to your coins and secure your assets for the future.",
"Hardware wallets support your favorite coins. With over 1000 supported cryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum, or Ripple, there’s something for everyone.",
"The intuitive and user-friendly environment of hardware wallets allows you to manage, store, and protect your cryptocurrencies in a few simple steps. Technical support, warranty, and regular firmware updates ensure that your cryptocurrency journey is hassle-free.",
"The next-generation hardware wallet, with a modern and intuitive interface for an improved user experience and security. It features a touchscreen, faster processor, Shamir Backup, and advanced coin support, as well as all the features of the Trezor One.",
"Securely trade on-the-go and manage a large number of assets at the same time, with only one device. Nano X features Bluetooth, the Ledger Live Mobile app, and support for over 1200 cryptocurrencies.",
"List your business on Coinmap for free in just a few seconds. Edit and manage your venue details and promote your business to thousands of Coinmap users.",
"Our unified single line search bar allows you to quickly search for venues by name or address. Not looking for anything specific? View all the cryptocurrency merchants and ATMs around you.",
"Coinmap is based on community feedback. Recently visited a venue listed on Coinmap? Give it a quick rating and help other Coinmap users.",
"With Coinmap, you can choose your preferred map view. Zoom in to discover places nearby, or zoom out to see how Bitcoin conquers the world."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Crypto ATMs & merchants of the world | Coinmap.org\n\n * Welcome\n * Map\n * API\n * Blog\n * FAQ\n * Contact\n\n# All the cryptocurrency merchants and ATMs of the world in one map.\n\nView map\n\nRead more\n\n## Buy crypto\n\n## Exchange crypto\n\n## So you've found all the places that accept Bitcoin...\n\n...great! Before you start spending crypto, you have to get some—but what if\nthere's no Bitcoin ATM nearby? Figuring out how to buy Bitcoin safely online\ncan be complex, and finding the best crypto exchange rates can be time\nconsuming. Invity, our sister project, knows this, so they've handpicked and\nbrought together only the most trustworthy partners in the digital currency\nmarket. This means you'll find the best offers for buying, exchanging, and\ninvesting in cryptocurrencies—all in one place. Then complete your trades in a\nsmooth, minimalist interface that makes buying easy, whether it's your first\nor one hundred and first crypto purchase.\n\nExplore what you can do with Invity\n\n## Hardware wallet\n\nStore your coins in the most trusted and secure environment.\n\n#### Security\n\nHardware wallets are the most secure way to protect your cryptocurrencies.\nGenerate recovery backups to your coins and secure your assets for the future.\n\n#### Coin support\n\nHardware wallets support your favorite coins. With over 1000 supported\ncryptocurrencies such as Bitcoin, Bitcoin Cash, Ethereum, or Ripple, there’s\nsomething for everyone.\n\n#### User-friendly\n\nThe intuitive and user-friendly environment of hardware wallets allows you to\nmanage, store, and protect your cryptocurrencies in a few simple steps.\nTechnical support, warranty, and regular firmware updates ensure that your\ncryptocurrency journey is hassle-free.\n\n## Coinmap recommends\n\n### Trezor Model T\n\n10% OFF\n\nThe next-generation hardware wallet, with a modern and intuitive interface for\nan improved user experience and security. It features a touchscreen, faster\nprocessor, Shamir Backup, and advanced coin support, as well as all the\nfeatures of the Trezor One.\n\nShop for Trezor!\n\n### Ledger Nano X\n\nSecurely trade on-the-go and manage a large number of assets at the same time,\nwith only one device. Nano X features Bluetooth, the Ledger Live Mobile app,\nand support for over 1200 cryptocurrencies.\n\nShop for Ledger!\n\n## Coinmap features\n\n#### Easy Add & Edit\n\nList your business on Coinmap for free in just a few seconds. Edit and manage\nyour venue details and promote your business to thousands of Coinmap users.\n\n#### Simple Search\n\nOur unified single line search bar allows you to quickly search for venues by\nname or address. Not looking for anything specific? View all the\ncryptocurrency merchants and ATMs around you.\n\n#### Verified and Rated\n\nCoinmap is based on community feedback. Recently visited a venue listed on\nCoinmap? Give it a quick rating and help other Coinmap users.\n\nView map\n\n### Two Dynamic Views\n\nWith Coinmap, you can choose your preferred map view. Zoom in to discover\nplaces nearby, or zoom out to see how Bitcoin conquers the world.\n\nView map\n\n### Coinmap Newsletter\n\nDo you want to be the first to know about new venues and updates?\n\nSubscribe to our newsletter.\n\nBy subscribing, you agree with the terms of Mailchimp Privacy Policy\n\nBy subscribing, you agree with the terms of Mailchimp Privacy Policy\n\nCopyright © Invity.io. All Rights Reserved.\n\nPrivacy policy & Terms of Service\n\nPortions of data © OpenStreetMap contributors.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://news.bitcoin.com/bitcoin-beginners-hardware-wallet-use/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509191325/https://news.bitcoin.com/bitcoin-beginners-hardware-wallet-use/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bitcoin for Beginners: Which Hardware Wallet to Use – Security Bitcoin News",
"passages": [
"Hardware wallets are all the rage. Part of the “cryptocurrency starter kit”, these ultra-secure devices for storing cryptocurrency have become hugely popular as interest in bitcoin has boomed. With a number of different models to choose from, beginners may be wondering which one is best – and indeed whether they need a hardware wallet at all.",
"Trezor and Ledger, two of the best known wallet manufacturers, have grown to become the industry’s go-to cold storage solutions. Both companies, who make a range of devices, have successfully met the demand for offline storage that is secure and user-friendly. No cryptocurrency wallet is 100% secure against all known attack vectors including acts of god, but Trezors and their ilk come pretty close, provided they’re bought directly from the company or an approved reseller. Spending $100 or more to secure several thousand dollars’ worth of crypto – which has the potential to appreciate into many thousand more – seems like a pretty good investment.",
"But for anyone who balks at the cost of purchasing a hardware wallet, it’s possible to achieve the same result on a budget. There’s nothing to prevent you from installing a wallet onto a thumb drive, or better still a pair of them to ensure redundancy, and encrypting them. Similarly, an old iPhone with Bread wallet or the Bitcoin.com wallet installed makes for a durable cold storage device. Note down your recovery seed and then keep the device offline, save for when you need to access the wallet.",
"Trezor dubs itself “the original and most secure hardware wallet” and it’s highly regarded by hodlers. Available in black or white for around $109 a pop, the device will allow you to store all your ERC20 tokens together with almost two dozen coins including BTC, BCH, LTC, DASH, and ZEC. Water-resistant and sturdy, the Trezor features a small display for confirming transaction details, 2FA, password manager, and a bunch of other features.",
"Small and lightweight, the Nano S by Ledger will hold bitcoin, ethereum, and several other altcoins. Like the Trezor, the Nano S is highly rated by the crypto community, and this week Ledger celebrated selling its one millionth Nano S. The device uses a small OLED display and side buttons that are pushed to confirm transactions. If you want to get your hands on one you’ll need to be patient though – the next units aren’t scheduled to ship until late March.",
"The company also makes the Ledger Blue, an enterprise-grade hardware device, which has a larger screen, added security features and a $330 price tag. Like its sibling, the Nano S, the Ledger Blue is currently out of stock, with no confirmed shipping date.",
"Although not as trendy as Ledgers or Trezors, the Keep Key wallet is another capable contender. It allows for storage of bitcoin, bitcoin cash, ethereum, litecoin, doge, and dash, with more coins due to be added. There’s also the ability to exchange between cryptocurrencies directly from the device using Shapeshift. It retails for $129, and is available for pre-order only, with no confirmed shipping date.",
"Bitlox looks a bit different from the rest of the wallets featured here. Rather than connect to your laptop via USB, it uses Bluetooth only. The wafer thin device, which resembles a smart card, can store bitcoin and retails for around $100. Support for altcoins is coming soon.",
"A hardware wallet that’s as minimal as it gets, Digital Bitbox eschews a screen altogether in favor of compactness. It uses a micro SD card, is Tor and Tails compatible, and has optional 2FA. The Swiss-made device crams an impressive amount of security features into a very small space. Just don’t lose it.",
"Of all the hardware devices on this list, Trezor and the Nano S have been extensively tested at scale by millions of users, which certainly inspires confidence. That’s not to say they’re any more secure than devices from other manufacturers though. The most important thing is that you get as much of your cryptocurrency as possible out of centralized exchanges and onto a device that you control the keys to. Only once you’ve achieved that can you truly claim to have gained your financial freedom.",
"Readers should do their own due diligence before taking any actions related to the mentioned company or any of its affiliates or services. Bitcoin.com is not responsible, directly or indirectly, for any damage or loss caused or alleged to be caused by or in connection with the use of or reliance on any content, goods or services mentioned in this article.",
"During the Second 421 Wet Season Festival and Mining Ecology Conference the Chairman of the Bitdeer Group and cofounder of Bitmain, Jihan Wu spoke about institutions flocking to cryptocurrency mining. During the event Bitdeer outlined the company’s computing partnerships and ... read more.",
"The Turkish government is reportedly creating a regulatory framework for cryptocurrencies after two crypto exchanges in the country abruptly halted trading and are now being investigated for fraud. The government is reportedly planning to establish a central custodian bank among ... read more."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bitcoin for Beginners: Which Hardware Wallet to Use – Security Bitcoin News\n\n * Latest News\n * Op-Eds\n * Press Releases\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Publish Press Release\n * The Satoshi Revolution\n\n# News\n\nMay 9, 2021\n\nSecurity\n\nby Kai Sedgwick\n\nJan 19, 2018\n\n# Bitcoin for Beginners: Which Hardware Wallet to Use\n\nHardware wallets are all the rage. Part of the “cryptocurrency starter kit”,\nthese ultra-secure devices for storing cryptocurrency have become hugely\npopular as interest in bitcoin has boomed. With a number of different models\nto choose from, beginners may be wondering which one is best – and indeed\nwhether they need a hardware wallet at all.\n\nAlso read: Bitcoin Hardware Wallet Maker Ledger Raises $75 Million from VC\nInvestors\n\n## Real Hodlers Use Hardware Wallets\n\nTrezor and Ledger, two of the best known wallet manufacturers, have grown to\nbecome the industry’s go-to cold storage solutions. Both companies, who make a\nrange of devices, have successfully met the demand for offline storage that is\nsecure and user-friendly. No cryptocurrency wallet is 100% secure against all\nknown attack vectors including acts of god, but Trezors and their ilk come\npretty close, provided they’re bought directly from the company or an approved\nreseller. Spending $100 or more to secure several thousand dollars’ worth of\ncrypto – which has the potential to appreciate into many thousand more – seems\nlike a pretty good investment.\n\nBut for anyone who balks at the cost of purchasing a hardware wallet, it’s\npossible to achieve the same result on a budget. There’s nothing to prevent\nyou from installing a wallet onto a thumb drive, or better still a pair of\nthem to ensure redundancy, and encrypting them. Similarly, an old iPhone with\nBread wallet or the Bitcoin.com wallet installed makes for a durable cold\nstorage device. Note down your recovery seed and then keep the device offline,\nsave for when you need to access the wallet.\n\nFor anyone determined to use a dedicated device, however, these are the main\noptions:\n\n## Trezor\n\nTrezor dubs itself “the original and most secure hardware wallet” and it’s\nhighly regarded by hodlers. Available in black or white for around $109 a pop,\nthe device will allow you to store all your ERC20 tokens together with almost\ntwo dozen coins including BTC, BCH, LTC, DASH, and ZEC. Water-resistant and\nsturdy, the Trezor features a small display for confirming transaction\ndetails, 2FA, password manager, and a bunch of other features.\n\n## Ledger Nano S\n\nSmall and lightweight, the Nano S by Ledger will hold bitcoin, ethereum, and\nseveral other altcoins. Like the Trezor, the Nano S is highly rated by the\ncrypto community, and this week Ledger celebrated selling its one millionth\nNano S. The device uses a small OLED display and side buttons that are pushed\nto confirm transactions. If you want to get your hands on one you’ll need to\nbe patient though – the next units aren’t scheduled to ship until late March.\n\nThe company also makes the Ledger Blue, an enterprise-grade hardware device,\nwhich has a larger screen, added security features and a $330 price tag. Like\nits sibling, the Nano S, the Ledger Blue is currently out of stock, with no\nconfirmed shipping date.\n\n## Keep Key\n\nAlthough not as trendy as Ledgers or Trezors, the Keep Key wallet is another\ncapable contender. It allows for storage of bitcoin, bitcoin cash, ethereum,\nlitecoin, doge, and dash, with more coins due to be added. There’s also the\nability to exchange between cryptocurrencies directly from the device using\nShapeshift. It retails for $129, and is available for pre-order only, with no\nconfirmed shipping date.\n\n## Bitlox\n\nBitlox looks a bit different from the rest of the wallets featured here.\nRather than connect to your laptop via USB, it uses Bluetooth only. The wafer\nthin device, which resembles a smart card, can store bitcoin and retails for\naround $100. Support for altcoins is coming soon.\n\n## Digital Bitbox\n\nA hardware wallet that’s as minimal as it gets, Digital Bitbox eschews a\nscreen altogether in favor of compactness. It uses a micro SD card, is Tor and\nTails compatible, and has optional 2FA. The Swiss-made device crams an\nimpressive amount of security features into a very small space. Just don’t\nlose it.\n\nOf all the hardware devices on this list, Trezor and the Nano S have been\nextensively tested at scale by millions of users, which certainly inspires\nconfidence. That’s not to say they’re any more secure than devices from other\nmanufacturers though. The most important thing is that you get as much of your\ncryptocurrency as possible out of centralized exchanges and onto a device that\nyou control the keys to. Only once you’ve achieved that can you truly claim to\nhave gained your financial freedom.\n\nWhat’s your favorite hardware wallet and why? Let us know in the comments\nsection below.\n\nImages courtesy of Trezor, Ledger, Digital Bitbox and Keep Key.\n\nReaders should do their own due diligence before taking any actions related to\nthe mentioned company or any of its affiliates or services. Bitcoin.com is not\nresponsible, directly or indirectly, for any damage or loss caused or alleged\nto be caused by or in connection with the use of or reliance on any content,\ngoods or services mentioned in this article.\n\n###### Researchers Spot New Cryptocurrency Stealing Malware Advertised Under a\nSubscription Model\n\nSECURITY | 4 days ago\n\n###### Intel Partners With Microsoft to Combat Cryptojacking Attacks by\nDeploying a Threat Detection Tool\n\nSECURITY | Apr 29, 2021\n\n###### Tags in this story\n\nBitLox, Bread, Cold Storage, Hardware wallet, Keep Key, Ledger, Ledger Nano S,\nN-Featured, Trezor, usb wallet\n\nShow comments\n\n#### In Case You Missed It\n\nBitmain Cofounder Jihan Wu Says 'Crypto Industry May Surpass the Internet'\n\nDuring the Second 421 Wet Season Festival and Mining Ecology Conference the\nChairman of the Bitdeer Group and cofounder of Bitmain, Jihan Wu spoke about\ninstitutions flocking to cryptocurrency mining. During the event Bitdeer\noutlined the company’s computing partnerships and ... read more.\n\n###### Fundstrat Briefing Maintains Six-Digit Bitcoin Price Forecast, $10K\nEthereum Target\n\n###### Goldman Sachs Lists 19 'Crypto' Stocks That Crushed S&P; 500 Thanks to\nBitcoin's Surge\n\n###### How Did Satoshi Nakamoto Remain Anonymous? A Detailed Look at the\nBitcoin Creator’s Opsec\n\n###### Bitcoin Cash Slated for May 15- Upgrade to Bring Improvements for Users\nand Merchants\n\n#### The Latest\n\n * FEATURED | 43 mins ago\n\nECB Chief Lagarde: Cryptocurrencies Prone to Money Laundering, No Intrinsic\nValue, Buy if Prepared to Lose all Money\n\n * NEWS | 2 hours ago China’s Digital Yuan Smart Card to Feature Biometrics and Fingerprint Scanning\n * PRIVACY | 4 hours ago Edward Snowden Knocks Alex Gladstein’s Crypto Critique- ‘Worst Part of Dragon-Level Wealth Is People Devolve Into Dragons Themselves’\n * REGULATION | 5 hours ago Bank of Russia Tests Services Related to Cryptocurrencies\n * NEWS | 7 hours ago California Cannabis Chain People’s Remedy Starts Accepting Cryptocurrencies as Payment\n * INTERVIEW | 10 hours ago The Flip Side of NFTs: A Glimpse Into the Artists’ Unique Perspectives\n * NEWS | 12 hours ago Ukraine’s Public Radio Launches Podcast With an Episode on Bitcoin\n * PRIVACY | 14 hours ago Privacy-Centric Coins See Fresh Gains, Monero Captures All-Time Price High\n * MINING | 16 hours ago Bitcoin Mining Operation Bitfarms to be Listed on Nasdaq Following DTC Eligibility\n * REGULATION | 17 hours ago South African Regulator Apologizes to Crypto Firm After Issuing Then Withdrawing a Warning in Less Than 24 Hours\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n#### Press releases\n\n### SplytCore Listing on AscendEX\n\nMay 8, 2021\n\n### Autonio Listing on AscendEX\n\nMay 7, 2021\n\n### MUNCH Project Reaches $1 Million Milestone in Charitable Donations\n\nMay 7, 2021\n\n### TimeCoin(TMCN) Is a DeFi and NFT Project With Esports, VTuber, Sharing...\n\nMay 7, 2021\n\nCheck all the news here\n\n#### In Case You Missed It\n\nTurkey Drafting Crypto Regulation — Central Bank Says No Intention to Ban\nCryptocurrencies\n\nThe Turkish government is reportedly creating a regulatory framework for\ncryptocurrencies after two crypto exchanges in the country abruptly halted\ntrading and are now being investigated for fraud. The government is reportedly\nplanning to establish a central custodian bank among ... read more.\n\n###### Shark Tank's Kevin O'Leary Says 'Bitcoin Will Always Be the Gold,'\nCiting Interest From 'All Kinds of Institutions'\n\n###### Bitmain Cofounder Jihan Wu Says 'Crypto Industry May Surpass the\nInternet'\n\n###### Swiss SEBA Bank Dives Into Defi Expanding Its Offering With 3 Tokens\n\n###### It’s Time: UFC to Launch Fan Token for Millions Around the World\n\nYour ad here\n\n#### The Latest\n\n * FEATURED | 43 mins ago\n\nECB Chief Lagarde: Cryptocurrencies Prone to Money Laundering, No Intrinsic\nValue, Buy if Prepared to Lose all Money\n\n * NEWS | 2 hours ago China’s Digital Yuan Smart Card to Feature Biometrics and Fingerprint Scanning\n * PRIVACY | 4 hours ago Edward Snowden Knocks Alex Gladstein’s Crypto Critique- ‘Worst Part of Dragon-Level Wealth Is People Devolve Into Dragons Themselves’\n * REGULATION | 5 hours ago Bank of Russia Tests Services Related to Cryptocurrencies\n * NEWS | 7 hours ago California Cannabis Chain People’s Remedy Starts Accepting Cryptocurrencies as Payment\n * INTERVIEW | 10 hours ago The Flip Side of NFTs: A Glimpse Into the Artists’ Unique Perspectives\n * NEWS | 12 hours ago Ukraine’s Public Radio Launches Podcast With an Episode on Bitcoin\n * PRIVACY | 14 hours ago Privacy-Centric Coins See Fresh Gains, Monero Captures All-Time Price High\n\n#### Press releases\n\n### SplytCore Listing on AscendEX\n\nMay 8, 2021\n\n### Autonio Listing on AscendEX\n\nMay 7, 2021\n\n### MUNCH Project Reaches $1 Million Milestone in Charitable Donations\n\nMay 7, 2021\n\n### TimeCoin(TMCN) Is a DeFi and NFT Project With Esports, VTuber, Sharing...\n\nMay 7, 2021\n\nSubmit a Press Release\n\n#### Most Read\n\nYour ad here\n\nCheck all the news here\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://cryptocurrencyfacts.com/how-to-trade-cryptocurrency-for-beginners/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414101643/https://cryptocurrencyfacts.com/how-to-trade-cryptocurrency-for-beginners/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Trade Cryptocurrency",
"passages": [
"Bitcoin (BTC) 256 Crypto ETFs / ETNs / Trusts / Funds / etc. 58 Ethereum (ETH) 132 Litecoin (LTC) 43 Ripple (XRP) 35",
"The content of this website is provided for informational purposes only and can’t be used as investment advice, legal advice, tax advice, medical advice, advice on operating heavy machinery, etc. Our site is not officially associated with any brand or government entity.Any mention of a brand or other trademarked entity is for the purposes of education, entertainment, or parody. Neither CryptocurrencyFacts.com nor its parent companies accept responsibility for any loss, damage, or inconvenience caused as a result of reliance on information published on, or linked to, from CryptocurrencyFacts.com.",
"In other words, this is a website on the internet offering free information about cryptocurrency, this is not your accountant, lawyer, or fiduciary offering you professional tax, legal, or investment advice.",
"We explain how to trade cryptocurrency for beginners. To start trading cryptocurrency you need to choose a cryptocurrency wallet and an exchange to trade on.",
"From there it is as simple as getting verified with the exchange and funding your account (a process that can take a few days).",
"Once you are verified and have your account funded, the only thing left to do is to buy or sell crypto using limit, stop, and/or market orders.",
"Save 10% on Binance Trading Fees: Use our referral link to sign up for Binance and save 10% on trading fees for life: https://www.binance.com/en/register?ref=IX44CLLS. You can also save even more by holding BNB.",
"Get $5 in Bitcoin When You Sign up For Coinbase: Get $5 free Bitcoin at Coinbase just for signing up coinbase-consumer.sjv.io/b3b0gk.",
"Coinbase is a good choice because it acts as a wallet, exchange, and place to trade dollars for crypto and crypto to crypto. In other words, Coinbase is an all-in-one solution for everything noted above!",
"With that said, Coinbase has a limited amount of “altcoins” (Bitcoin alternatives like Ethereum, Ripple, and Litecoin), and thus many traders also use popular crypto-to-crypto focused exchanges like Binance, Bittrex, and Kraken to access a wider array of crypto assets.",
"To get access to a wider range of coins, a trader or investor may use more than one exchange, doing something like buying Bitcoin on Coinbase using USD, and then sending their Bitcoin to Binance to trade Bitcoin for other cryptos (converting back to Bitcoin to sell on Coinbase when they are done).",
"TIP: If you want to get into DeFi and get the full experience of Ethereum, you’ll likely want to buy ETH on Coinbase and then use MetaMask for your wallet and Uniswap for your exchange to start. Watch out for fees though! Gas prices can be expensive.",
"Of course, not every trader/investor is going to want to or be able to deal with traditional crypto exchanges. Luckily there are some indirect options as well. These include:",
"An app like Square’s Cash App, PayPal, or Robinhood (TIP: For those who don’t want to go the Coinbase route, Square’s Cash App is a particularly good starting point for newcomers who just want to buy/sell Bitcoin and otherwise keep things simple).",
"The GBTC trust, ETHE trust, ETCG trust, or another Grayscale Trust as sold on the stock market (these are solid choices, but watch out for the “premium“).",
"A stock that is related to cryptocurrency such MicroStrategy, Bakkt, Coinbase, or Riot Blockchain (these offer indirect exposure to cryptocurrency).",
"Some traders are going to be familiar with more technical types of trading and/or won’t be US-based. These traders may want to try using leverage, for example on Coinbase Pro or Kraken, or may even consider crypto “derivatives” like futures and options offered by platforms like Bakkt, CME, FTX, or BitMEX. Leverage and derivatives aren’t beginner-friendly, but for seasoned traders new to crypto, they can make sense.",
"Each option has its pros and cons, but notably, only an exchange-broker-wallet hybrid like Coinbase/Coinbase Pro allows one to trade, invest, store, send, and receive coins directly using a single platform.",
"Given the above, this page will focus on getting you started with Coinbase due to its ease of use for beginners and its usefulness for advanced users too.",
"Our Suggestion on where to trade crypto for a newcomer: Use Cash App if you want to keep things simple and just buy Bitcoin, use PayPal or Robinhood if you want a wider but limited selection, use Coinbase if you are ready for real cryptocurrency investing and trading, and lastly once you have mastered Coinbase move onto Coinbase Pro, Binance, and Bittrex to get a wider selection of crypto assets. From there maybe you’ll want to check out Uniswap and dive fully into the world of crypto, but for now the aforementioned is enough to start. Later down the road, if feel like you have mastered trading and risk management strategies, then you may want to consider leverage and derivatives trading, but there is no reason to start there. Trying to do this out of order can lead to real issues, so we strongly suggest learning to walk before you run here. Lastly, at any point in this process, we suggest getting a hardware wallet like Trezor and storing your long-term holdings in your own wallet. Also, once you learn the ropes, educating yourself on other aspects of crypto like mining and how blockchain and smart contracts work is a good idea too!",
"However, there are a few things to know about trading cryptocurrency beyond what was noted above that can help you go into crypto trading prepared:",
"Trading on an exchange means you need to understand order types. Unless you are using a broker service like Cash App or Coinbase.com, you are going to have to understand the difference between a limit order and market order. And, on some exchanges, you’ll also need to understand how stops work. If you are trading on an exchange, also make sure you brush up on the concept of slippage. Crypto markets can lack “liquidity,” so please be very careful placing big market orders! Learn more about order types.",
"Securing your accounts is really important. In crypto if your account gets hacked, or if you lose access to your wallet, you lose everything. There is no way to recover in many situations, so security is super important. A strong password, 2FA, and other good practices are a must. For exchange protection, I suggest 2fa on a Coinbase account with whitelisting turned on in Coinbase Pro (this would force a hacker to not only get past your 2fa, but to spend time turning your whitelisting off to steal your coins). For wallet protection, you MUST write copy your seed/pin/etc onto a device kept offline, best to have a backup and to have them both encrypted (but make sure not to lose that password either). Lastly, secure password programs like Last Pass help. Learn more about securing your crypto accounts.",
"The cryptocurrency market is insanely volatile, but TA Can Help. You can make a fortune in a moment and lose it in the next whether you trade Bitcoin, another coin, or even a stock like the GBTC Bitcoin Trust. Consider mitigating risks, hedging, learning some TA (support and resistance and trend trading are good things to learn about for example), and not “going long” with all your investable funds. TIP: If you trade only the top coins by market cap (that is coins like Bitcoin and Ethereum), or GBTC, then the chances of losing everything overnight are slim (not impossible, but slim). Other cryptocurrencies are riskier (but can offer quick gains on a good day). In general, coins with lower market caps and volumes tend to offer a greater risk/reward.",
"Trading on margin doesn’t make sense for newcomers. Newcomers likely want to stick to major coins with good liquidity and avoid margin trading. No better way to blow up your account than to leverage altcoins, but some who dive deep into crypto culture will come along the temptation quickly. Common sense says don’t do this out of the gate, so here is your warning!",
"Derivatives have their own rule-sets. You can’t just HODL an options contract because you’ve mistimed the market, and holding a perpetual long or short contract can cost money in fees. The chance to maximize gains can be attractive, but the risk you take and skill you need make derivatives ill-suited for beginners.",
"Cryptocurrency trading is a taxable event. If you don’t understand the tax implications of trading cryptocurrency tread very carefully. There are some nasty traps you could fall into when trading coins. For one, they are not necessarily considered “like-kind assets.” If that is confusing, then consider sticking with trading USD for coins in Coinbase until you grasp the concept. Learn about cryptocurrency and taxes.",
"A cryptocurrency exchange is not part of the regular stock exchange. Below we will suggest using an exchange/broker Coinbase, but you can also use the related Coinbase Pro (the pro version of Coinbase with lower fees) once you sign up for a Coinbase account. Neither of these is the same as Wall Street and its exchanges (same general mechanics, different specifics, and different entities).",
"In other words, if you understand order types, security, and what you are trading, you are ready to start trading.",
"TIP: There are a few sides to cryptocurrency. 1. you can trade and invest in it, 2. you can use it for transactions (anywhere a coin type is accepted), 3. you can break out a graphics processing unit and some software and mine coins (see how to mine coins), 4. you can develop for it, etc. All those and more are valid and interesting ways to interact with the crypto space, but with that in mind, this page is focused on “trading” cryptocurrency (and therefore also investing in it). With that said, even if you want to do the other things with cryptocurrencies, you still need to be set up for trading (as for example most miners will sell at least some of the coins they mine and developers will need to fund their operations).",
"On cryptocurrency mining: As noted, one way to invest in cryptocurrency is via cryptocurrency mining. That is a valid way to start investing if say you love computer gaming and need a new rig and want to invest in small amounts of cryptocurrency while maybe making back some of the cost of the rig (and maybe even breaking even) but that is an entirely different subject. The average investor will want to trade USD for cryptocurrency on an exchange and avoid the complexities and investments of mining. In all cases, unless you already have a good rig with a great graphics card, you’ll need to put down USD upfront anyway.",
"Above we laid out some choices for where to trade, below we will dive a little deeper into those choices to help you pick the right crypto exchange for you.",
"The first thing to understand is that you don’t have to jump right into traditional crypto exchange trading to get exposure to crypto. In fact:",
"A beginner might prefer to use the Square Cash App or Robinhood. Square’s Cash App is an excellent choice for newcomers. Cash App lets you buy/sell/send/receive/store Bitcoin just like Coinbase. Cash App doesn’t offer all the other crypto choices Coinbase does, but it does provide a simple way to get exposure to Bitcoin without having to fully learn too much about crypto wallets and exchanges. Meanwhile, Robinhood is another solution that isn’t a full-fledged exchange. While they aren’t offered in all states and unlike Cash App don’t allow deposits and withdrawals, they do offer a larger selection of coins than Cash App and plan to allow transfers in the future.",
"A beginner might prefer to trade cryptocurrency stocks on the stock market. For example, GBTC is a trust that owns Bitcoin and sells shares of it. Trading GBTC avoids you having to trade cryptocurrency directly, but still allows you exposure to Bitcoin. Beyond GBTC (and the Ethereum ETHE and Ethereum Classic version ETCG), your options are very limited for crypto stocks. Be aware that GBTC often trades at a premium (meaning bitcoins are cheaper than buying shares of the GBTC trust), which isn’t ideal. Also, cryptocurrency trading is a 24-hour market, where the traditional stock market is not. Learn more about the GBTC Bitcoin Trust and the related pros and cons before you invest.",
"For those who want the real cryptocurrency experience, the questions become 1. do you want to deal with limit orders and real exchange trading, and 2. do you want a wide selection of coins?",
"I think the simplest and best place to buy, sell, and store coins in the US is Coinbase (and our tutorial below will help you get set up with that), but you can only buy, sell, and store Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash, and a small (but growing) selection of other coins on Coinbase. Coinbase will let you try out simple broker-based trading and real exchange-based trading and will give you exposure to enough coins to get you started.",
"However, if you are serious about trading cryptocurrency, and want access to all the coins crypto has to offer, you’ll want to also sign up for another platform that allows you to buy/sell crypto like Coinbase Wallet, Bittrex, Binance, or Kraken (and may want to find other solutions for wallets to store your coins in like TREZOR).",
"TIP: Even if you are going to get fancy with wallets and exchanges, Coinbase is a good starting point because it works as a simple on-ramp/off-ramp for fiat (i.e. you can easily trade dollars for cryptos on Coinbase, and this is not true of most exchanges).",
"As you can tell already, even though we have presented a range of choices, this guide is suggesting that Coinbase is a good starting place. That is because in general when picking a first exchange the following is true:",
"A beginner should start by choosing a company with a good reputation that offers an exchange and wallet (to help keep the process simple).",
"A beginner should also start by trading prominent coins. Currently, in 2020, we are referring to coins like Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH). In the future, this could change.",
"Since the above is the case, a good start for anyone wishing to trade cryptocurrency is starting with Coinbase.com (the most popular cryptocurrency website in the United States, and a service that offers a single platform for a Bitcoin wallet, Ethereum wallet, Litecoin wallet, Bitcoin Cash wallet, etc and a currency exchange).",
"After you master Coinbase, then you are ready for say Coinbase Pro and other exchanges like Bittrex, Binance, or Kraken. After that, you might want to check out derivatives trading if your region allows it and you really have some trading chops. For now though, let’s learn to walk before we run and get Coinbase set up. The next section will walk you through setting up Coinbase.",
"TIP: A good first foray into cryptocurrency investing is the obvious, buying a major cryptocurrency like Bitcoin. After that, you’ll probably want to trade USD for crypto on an exchange like Coinbase Pro. Once you have done that, you could try trading BTC and ETH for other cryptocurrencies. Trading “crypto pairs” can be rewarding, but it is more complex and often more risky than just buying a single cryptocurrency as an investment. In other words, start by trading dollars for major coins like BTC and ETH on an exchange like Coinbase, and then when you are ready try trading BTC and ETH for other coins on an exchange like Binance or Coinbase Pro.",
"An example of trading on Coinbase. Fees are lowering on proper exchanges than they are with brokers like Cash App and Coinbase Consumer.",
"TIP: A cryptocurrency wallet is a place where you store encrypted passwords that represent the ownership of coins (roughly the equivalent to storing money in a bank account). A cryptocurrency exchange is like a stock exchange or like a currency exchange in a foreign airport (a place people can trade cryptocurrency for other cryptocurrencies and fiat currencies like the US dollar). Just like if you want to trade stocks you need a bank account and access to the stock exchange, it is the same deal with cryptocurrency. To trade cryptocurrency, you need a wallet and a cryptocurrency exchange.",
"Below we will walk you through signing up for Coinbase. This process is very similar to the signup process for any exchange. The process requires you to trust sensitive information to a third party, and this is yet another reason why we are going with one of the more trusted exchanges out there, Coinbase.",
"Sign up for Coinbase.com to create a digital currency wallet where you can securely store digital currency. NOTE: By using the following link you’ll get $5 free Bitcoin when you sign up for Coinbase coinbase-consumer.sjv.io/b3b0gk.",
"Connect your bank account, debit card, and/or credit card so that you can exchange digital currency into and out of your local currency (you’ll probably also want to add optional info and upload your ID to expand your purchasing limit).",
"Trade Cryptocurrency to Cryptocurrency (trading one crypto to another). You can use the convert button on Coinbase or use Coinbase Pro for this.",
"NOTE: If you want to use Coinbase Pro, fund your account with dollars or USDC and then move your funds over to Coinbase Pro to trade.",
"TIP: Coinbase accepts some non-US currencies as payment, but options may be limited. See Payment Methods on Coinbase.com for more information.",
"FIRST AND FOREMOST: USE TWO FACTOR AUTHENTICATION AND A STRONG PASSWORD. MAKE SURE TO ENABLE ALL SECURITY FEATURES IN COINBASE. Coinbase/Coinbase Pro is insured, but not against your account getting hacked, just against something happening on their side.",
"To increase your buying/selling limits, input all forms of payment possible. Please note, only some banks are supported. Yours might not be. Please note that fees are lower with a bank account, and fees are rather high without one. Given that, you should use your bank account to purchase cryptocurrency directly via Coinbase over other payment methods whenever possible.",
"When you sign in with your bank account, you’ll need to input your bank account login. That may feel shady, but is the process (read about it at Coinbase).",
"If you use your bank account, you have to wait 3-5 days for your bank to approve the pairing (so you can’t trade for about a week after you sign up).",
"There are limits to how much you can buy or sell in a week. Adding a photo ID and other payment methods will increase your limits. Otherwise your limits increase (quickly) over time as you trade.",
"Coinbase now has instant purchase when you buy with your bank account. CAVEAT: Not all Coinbase accounts have an instant purchase option. Many do at this point, but not all do.",
"There are fees involved with buying from Coinbase and some types of trading on Coinbase Pro (which can in cases get lower as you buy / trade more). Other exchanges have better rates than Coinbase (for example Coinbase Pro itself has better rates). However, rarely do exchanges have a better fee schedule than Coinbase Pro. In other words, when using Coinbase specifically, you’ll pay a little bit more than market price (or sell for a bit less than market price) and pay a small fee when trading on Coinbase (this is a trade-off for ease of use). NOTES: To be clear, there are essentially two sets of fees when you buy with Coinbase. One is them charging you more per coin than on Coinbase Pro or other exchanges; the other is an actual fee (currently paid in crypto, not USD, so if you buy 1 Ether, you get a little less than 1 Ether but pay the market price). That is the price you pay for them doing all the work and taking the risk of the price changing quickly when you buy. Not a reason not to use Coinbase and only use Coinbase Pro every time, but it is something to keep in the back of your mind if you start making lots of buys.",
"To trade coins, you need to go into settings and make sure your wallets are set up (each coin has a wallet; wallets can be found under “accounts”).",
"The benefit of a USD wallet on Coinbase is that you can put money in that and then, once the deposit clears, use it to buy coins immediately moving forward. If you try to buy directly with your bank account, the transaction can take about a week. Given this, it is smart to fund your USD wallet or buy USDC and then use that moving forward to buy crypto. You’ll still need to wait for the deposit to clear, but once it is cleared with your bank you can use the funds. You can buy coins on Coinbase.com via your USD wallet (just toggle to USD wallet instead of bank account when making a purchase).",
"You don’t have to buy a whole coin. You can buy fractions of coins. Whole Bitcoins can be expensive these days, so consider buying fractions of a coin to start if you don’t have a big bankroll. It has historically been a mistake to buy only other cryptos because BTC costs more. You need to think of which one will increase in and retain value, buying all three in equal $ amounts (and ignoring how many of each coin that amounts to) is one way to avoid making the wrong choice based on price tag per coin.",
"When you buy a coin, take a breath and review the information. An extra decimal place can mean big money considering a single Bitcoin can trade for over $4,000.",
"Sending cryptocurrency to other users is easy with Coinbase. You can send to the email address of another Coinbase user, or you can send to an outside address. Just make sure to review the information carefully. You can’t reverse a transaction if you send to the wrong crypto address!",
"Download the app. This lets you trade cryptocurrency from your phone. The market is volatile; transactions are slow. When it is time to buy or sell, you need to do it ASAP.",
"There is a feature that lets you buy incrementally over time. Averaging in a position on a weekly basis is a solid conservative move that Coinbase will automate for you.",
"Cryptocurrency is volatile! There is always the chance that the market will crash, or that you will face some other catastrophe. Cryptocurrency isn’t a centrally controlled and regulated fiat currency. If you lose a coin or someone cheats you, there is nothing you can do about it (which is why you want to have 2-factor authentication set-up).",
"In other words, trading cryptocurrency is simple to start, but there are some essential aspects to understand before you start trading with a wallet- exchange like Coinbase.",
"And remember, there are countless other options for setting up wallets and trading currency. Most will, however, pair with a Coinbase account (making it a logical place to start).",
"NOTE: Once you have Coinbase down, try moving onto Coinbase Pro. It’s, in overly simple terms, like a better version of Coinbase with lower fees. Coinbase operates both platforms, and both use the same logins. Coinbase Pro is the preferred exchange of many Bitcoin traders in the U.S. It caters to both pros and novices. After you master that, then consider exchanges like Bittrex and Binance.",
"Bottom line: Although things can be as simple as grab Coinbase, Binance, and a TREZOR, or just click some buttons on the Cash App, the reality is beginners have a range of choices for how they want to approach crypto! Cool thing is, you can try them all.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Trade Cryptocurrency - For Beginners - CryptoCurrency Facts\n\nCryptoCurrency Facts\n\nClick here for crypto exchange promo codes and discounts.\n\n#### Related Exchanges\n\nPayPal Uniswap IDEX BitMEX Bakkt Bitfinex Square’s Cash App Binance Bittrex\nShapeShift\n\n#### Related Posts\n\nGrayscale Plans to Move GBTC to an ETF and Lower Fees Visa and PayPal Ramp Up\nCrypto Adoption What is Up With the GBTC Negative Premium? GBTC Continues to\nTrade at a Negative Premium GBTC’s Premium Went Negative! MicroStrategy Buys\nover $1 Billion BTC Square Buys $170 Million BTC Crypto, Tech, Tesla, Etc\nCurve Down as Rotation Fears Loom ETCG is Flirting with a Negative Premium\nETH2 Staking is Coming to Coinbase\n\n#### Related Pages\n\nHow to Use Binance Chain if You Can’t Use Binance KIN Solona Migration if You\nHave Your Private Keys How to Buy and Sell NFTs Crypto Referral Links, Promo\nCodes, and Coupons Providing Liquidity on Uniswap Failed Transactions on\nEthereum What is DeFi? Speed Up Slow ETH Transactions By Adding Gas Simple\nWays to Buy Bitcoin Etherscan\n\nBitcoin (BTC) 256 Crypto ETFs / ETNs / Trusts / Funds / etc. 58 Ethereum (ETH)\n132 Litecoin (LTC) 43 Ripple (XRP) 35\n\nCryptocurrrency Investing 22\n\nCryptocurrency Basics 80 Cryptocurrency Investing and Trading 119\nCryptocurrency Products and Resources 28\n\nThe content of this website is provided for informational purposes only and\ncan’t be used as investment advice, legal advice, tax advice, medical advice,\nadvice on operating heavy machinery, etc. Our site is not officially\nassociated with any brand or government entity.Any mention of a brand or other\ntrademarked entity is for the purposes of education, entertainment, or parody.\nNeither CryptocurrencyFacts.com nor its parent companies accept responsibility\nfor any loss, damage, or inconvenience caused as a result of reliance on\ninformation published on, or linked to, from CryptocurrencyFacts.com.\n\nIn other words, this is a website on the internet offering free information\nabout cryptocurrency, this is not your accountant, lawyer, or fiduciary\noffering you professional tax, legal, or investment advice.\n\nSee our about page, legal and privacy page, and cookie policy for more\ndisclaimers and information. 😀\n\n# How to Trade Cryptocurrency – For Beginners\n\nShare This\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Google+\n\n## A Beginners Guide Trading Cryptocurrency\n\n### Everything You Need to Know to Start Trading Cryptocurrencies Like Bitcoin\nand Ethereum\n\nWe explain how to trade cryptocurrency for beginners. To start trading\ncryptocurrency you need to choose a cryptocurrency wallet and an exchange to\ntrade on.\n\nFrom there it is as simple as getting verified with the exchange and funding\nyour account (a process that can take a few days).\n\nOnce you are verified and have your account funded, the only thing left to do\nis to buy or sell crypto using limit, stop, and/or market orders.\n\nIn other words, if you want to trade cryptocurrency you need:\n\n 1. A cryptocurrency wallet (or two). For example, Atomic Wallet, MetaMask, Trezor, or even the wallets offered on exchanges.\n 2. A cryptocurrency exchange (or two) to trade on. For example Coinbase, Bittrex, or Binance.\n\nThe next step is trading. When trading, you can:\n\n 1. Trade dollars to crypto (for example US dollars to Bitcoin, or Litecoin to US dollars).\n 2. Trade crypto to crypto (for example Bitcoin to Ethereum, or Ethereum to Litecoin).\n\nSave 10% on Binance Trading Fees: Use our referral link to sign up for Binance\nand save 10% on trading fees for life:\nhttps://www.binance.com/en/register?ref=IX44CLLS. You can also save even more\nby holding BNB.\n\nGet $5 in Bitcoin When You Sign up For Coinbase: Get $5 free Bitcoin at\nCoinbase just for signing up coinbase-consumer.sjv.io/b3b0gk.\n\nTrading fee Discounts and Other Signup Bonuses: See a full list of promotional\ndeals for most major crypto exchanges.\n\n## Coinbase and Other Crypto Exchanges\n\nOne solution for all the above is Coinbase/Coinbase Pro.\n\nCoinbase is a good choice because it acts as a wallet, exchange, and place to\ntrade dollars for crypto and crypto to crypto. In other words, Coinbase is an\nall-in-one solution for everything noted above!\n\nWhat Coinbase looks like.\n\nWith that said, Coinbase has a limited amount of “altcoins” (Bitcoin\nalternatives like Ethereum, Ripple, and Litecoin), and thus many traders also\nuse popular crypto-to-crypto focused exchanges like Binance, Bittrex, and\nKraken to access a wider array of crypto assets.\n\nTo get access to a wider range of coins, a trader or investor may use more\nthan one exchange, doing something like buying Bitcoin on Coinbase using USD,\nand then sending their Bitcoin to Binance to trade Bitcoin for other cryptos\n(converting back to Bitcoin to sell on Coinbase when they are done).\n\nTIP: If you want to get into DeFi and get the full experience of Ethereum,\nyou’ll likely want to buy ETH on Coinbase and then use MetaMask for your\nwallet and Uniswap for your exchange to start. Watch out for fees though! Gas\nprices can be expensive.\n\n## Cash App, PayPal, and Other Solutions For Trading Cryptocurrency\n\nOf course, not every trader/investor is going to want to or be able to deal\nwith traditional crypto exchanges. Luckily there are some indirect options as\nwell. These include:\n\n * An app like Square’s Cash App, PayPal, or Robinhood (TIP: For those who don’t want to go the Coinbase route, Square’s Cash App is a particularly good starting point for newcomers who just want to buy/sell Bitcoin and otherwise keep things simple).\n * The GBTC trust, ETHE trust, ETCG trust, or another Grayscale Trust as sold on the stock market (these are solid choices, but watch out for the “premium“).\n * A cryptocurrency IRA (these have drawbacks like fees, but they can be valid choices for long-term investing).\n * A stock that is related to cryptocurrency such MicroStrategy, Bakkt, Coinbase, or Riot Blockchain (these offer indirect exposure to cryptocurrency).\n\n## FTX, Bakkt, and Solutions for Seasoned Traders New to Crypto\n\nSome traders are going to be familiar with more technical types of trading\nand/or won’t be US-based. These traders may want to try using leverage, for\nexample on Coinbase Pro or Kraken, or may even consider crypto “derivatives”\nlike futures and options offered by platforms like Bakkt, CME, FTX, or BitMEX.\nLeverage and derivatives aren’t beginner-friendly, but for seasoned traders\nnew to crypto, they can make sense.\n\nEach option has its pros and cons, but notably, only an exchange-broker-wallet\nhybrid like Coinbase/Coinbase Pro allows one to trade, invest, store, send,\nand receive coins directly using a single platform.\n\nGiven the above, this page will focus on getting you started with Coinbase due\nto its ease of use for beginners and its usefulness for advanced users too.\n\nOur Suggestion on where to trade crypto for a newcomer: Use Cash App if you\nwant to keep things simple and just buy Bitcoin, use PayPal or Robinhood if\nyou want a wider but limited selection, use Coinbase if you are ready for real\ncryptocurrency investing and trading, and lastly once you have mastered\nCoinbase move onto Coinbase Pro, Binance, and Bittrex to get a wider selection\nof crypto assets. From there maybe you’ll want to check out Uniswap and dive\nfully into the world of crypto, but for now the aforementioned is enough to\nstart. Later down the road, if feel like you have mastered trading and risk\nmanagement strategies, then you may want to consider leverage and derivatives\ntrading, but there is no reason to start there. Trying to do this out of order\ncan lead to real issues, so we strongly suggest learning to walk before you\nrun here. Lastly, at any point in this process, we suggest getting a hardware\nwallet like Trezor and storing your long-term holdings in your own wallet.\nAlso, once you learn the ropes, educating yourself on other aspects of crypto\nlike mining and how blockchain and smart contracts work is a good idea too!\n\nBuying and selling Bitcoin using Square’s Cash App.\n\n## What You Should Know Before You Start Trading Cryptocurrency\n\nIf all you know about crypto trading is the above, you know enough to get\nstarted trading cryptocurrency.\n\nHowever, there are a few things to know about trading cryptocurrency beyond\nwhat was noted above that can help you go into crypto trading prepared:\n\n * Trading on an exchange means you need to understand order types. Unless you are using a broker service like Cash App or Coinbase.com, you are going to have to understand the difference between a limit order and market order. And, on some exchanges, you’ll also need to understand how stops work. If you are trading on an exchange, also make sure you brush up on the concept of slippage. Crypto markets can lack “liquidity,” so please be very careful placing big market orders! Learn more about order types.\n * Securing your accounts is really important. In crypto if your account gets hacked, or if you lose access to your wallet, you lose everything. There is no way to recover in many situations, so security is super important. A strong password, 2FA, and other good practices are a must. For exchange protection, I suggest 2fa on a Coinbase account with whitelisting turned on in Coinbase Pro (this would force a hacker to not only get past your 2fa, but to spend time turning your whitelisting off to steal your coins). For wallet protection, you MUST write copy your seed/pin/etc onto a device kept offline, best to have a backup and to have them both encrypted (but make sure not to lose that password either). Lastly, secure password programs like Last Pass help. Learn more about securing your crypto accounts.\n * The cryptocurrency market is insanely volatile, but TA Can Help. You can make a fortune in a moment and lose it in the next whether you trade Bitcoin, another coin, or even a stock like the GBTC Bitcoin Trust. Consider mitigating risks, hedging, learning some TA (support and resistance and trend trading are good things to learn about for example), and not “going long” with all your investable funds. TIP: If you trade only the top coins by market cap (that is coins like Bitcoin and Ethereum), or GBTC, then the chances of losing everything overnight are slim (not impossible, but slim). Other cryptocurrencies are riskier (but can offer quick gains on a good day). In general, coins with lower market caps and volumes tend to offer a greater risk/reward.\n * Trading on margin doesn’t make sense for newcomers. Newcomers likely want to stick to major coins with good liquidity and avoid margin trading. No better way to blow up your account than to leverage altcoins, but some who dive deep into crypto culture will come along the temptation quickly. Common sense says don’t do this out of the gate, so here is your warning!\n * Derivatives have their own rule-sets. You can’t just HODL an options contract because you’ve mistimed the market, and holding a perpetual long or short contract can cost money in fees. The chance to maximize gains can be attractive, but the risk you take and skill you need make derivatives ill-suited for beginners.\n * Cryptocurrency trading is a taxable event. If you don’t understand the tax implications of trading cryptocurrency tread very carefully. There are some nasty traps you could fall into when trading coins. For one, they are not necessarily considered “like-kind assets.” If that is confusing, then consider sticking with trading USD for coins in Coinbase until you grasp the concept. Learn about cryptocurrency and taxes.\n * A cryptocurrency exchange is not part of the regular stock exchange. Below we will suggest using an exchange/broker Coinbase, but you can also use the related Coinbase Pro (the pro version of Coinbase with lower fees) once you sign up for a Coinbase account. Neither of these is the same as Wall Street and its exchanges (same general mechanics, different specifics, and different entities).\n\nIn other words, if you understand order types, security, and what you are\ntrading, you are ready to start trading.\n\nNOTE: For more tips and tricks, check out our crypto investing tips and tricks\npage.\n\nTIP: There are a few sides to cryptocurrency. 1. you can trade and invest in\nit, 2. you can use it for transactions (anywhere a coin type is accepted), 3.\nyou can break out a graphics processing unit and some software and mine coins\n(see how to mine coins), 4. you can develop for it, etc. All those and more\nare valid and interesting ways to interact with the crypto space, but with\nthat in mind, this page is focused on “trading” cryptocurrency (and therefore\nalso investing in it). With that said, even if you want to do the other things\nwith cryptocurrencies, you still need to be set up for trading (as for example\nmost miners will sell at least some of the coins they mine and developers will\nneed to fund their operations).\n\nOn cryptocurrency mining: As noted, one way to invest in cryptocurrency is via\ncryptocurrency mining. That is a valid way to start investing if say you love\ncomputer gaming and need a new rig and want to invest in small amounts of\ncryptocurrency while maybe making back some of the cost of the rig (and maybe\neven breaking even) but that is an entirely different subject. The average\ninvestor will want to trade USD for cryptocurrency on an exchange and avoid\nthe complexities and investments of mining. In all cases, unless you already\nhave a good rig with a great graphics card, you’ll need to put down USD\nupfront anyway.\n\n## How to Pick the Right Exchange\n\nAbove we laid out some choices for where to trade, below we will dive a little\ndeeper into those choices to help you pick the right crypto exchange for you.\n\nThe first thing to understand is that you don’t have to jump right into\ntraditional crypto exchange trading to get exposure to crypto. In fact:\n\n * A beginner might prefer to use the Square Cash App or Robinhood. Square’s Cash App is an excellent choice for newcomers. Cash App lets you buy/sell/send/receive/store Bitcoin just like Coinbase. Cash App doesn’t offer all the other crypto choices Coinbase does, but it does provide a simple way to get exposure to Bitcoin without having to fully learn too much about crypto wallets and exchanges. Meanwhile, Robinhood is another solution that isn’t a full-fledged exchange. While they aren’t offered in all states and unlike Cash App don’t allow deposits and withdrawals, they do offer a larger selection of coins than Cash App and plan to allow transfers in the future.\n * A beginner might prefer to trade cryptocurrency stocks on the stock market. For example, GBTC is a trust that owns Bitcoin and sells shares of it. Trading GBTC avoids you having to trade cryptocurrency directly, but still allows you exposure to Bitcoin. Beyond GBTC (and the Ethereum ETHE and Ethereum Classic version ETCG), your options are very limited for crypto stocks. Be aware that GBTC often trades at a premium (meaning bitcoins are cheaper than buying shares of the GBTC trust), which isn’t ideal. Also, cryptocurrency trading is a 24-hour market, where the traditional stock market is not. Learn more about the GBTC Bitcoin Trust and the related pros and cons before you invest.\n\nGBTC’s price to NAV can get a little absurd at times.\n\nFor those who want the real cryptocurrency experience, the questions become 1.\ndo you want to deal with limit orders and real exchange trading, and 2. do you\nwant a wide selection of coins?\n\nI think the simplest and best place to buy, sell, and store coins in the US is\nCoinbase (and our tutorial below will help you get set up with that), but you\ncan only buy, sell, and store Bitcoin, Ethereum, Litecoin, Bitcoin Cash, and a\nsmall (but growing) selection of other coins on Coinbase. Coinbase will let\nyou try out simple broker-based trading and real exchange-based trading and\nwill give you exposure to enough coins to get you started.\n\nHowever, if you are serious about trading cryptocurrency, and want access to\nall the coins crypto has to offer, you’ll want to also sign up for another\nplatform that allows you to buy/sell crypto like Coinbase Wallet, Bittrex,\nBinance, or Kraken (and may want to find other solutions for wallets to store\nyour coins in like TREZOR).\n\nSee our list of exchanges for beginners for a more complete list of options.\n\nTIP: Even if you are going to get fancy with wallets and exchanges, Coinbase\nis a good starting point because it works as a simple on-ramp/off-ramp for\nfiat (i.e. you can easily trade dollars for cryptos on Coinbase, and this is\nnot true of most exchanges).\n\n## Why Pick Coinbase As Your First Exchange?\n\nAs you can tell already, even though we have presented a range of choices,\nthis guide is suggesting that Coinbase is a good starting place. That is\nbecause in general when picking a first exchange the following is true:\n\n * A beginner should start by choosing a company with a good reputation that offers an exchange and wallet (to help keep the process simple).\n * A beginner should also start by trading prominent coins. Currently, in 2020, we are referring to coins like Bitcoin (BTC) and Ethereum (ETH). In the future, this could change.\n\nSince the above is the case, a good start for anyone wishing to trade\ncryptocurrency is starting with Coinbase.com (the most popular cryptocurrency\nwebsite in the United States, and a service that offers a single platform for\na Bitcoin wallet, Ethereum wallet, Litecoin wallet, Bitcoin Cash wallet, etc\nand a currency exchange).\n\nAfter you master Coinbase, then you are ready for say Coinbase Pro and other\nexchanges like Bittrex, Binance, or Kraken. After that, you might want to\ncheck out derivatives trading if your region allows it and you really have\nsome trading chops. For now though, let’s learn to walk before we run and get\nCoinbase set up. The next section will walk you through setting up Coinbase.\n\nTIP: A good first foray into cryptocurrency investing is the obvious, buying a\nmajor cryptocurrency like Bitcoin. After that, you’ll probably want to trade\nUSD for crypto on an exchange like Coinbase Pro. Once you have done that, you\ncould try trading BTC and ETH for other cryptocurrencies. Trading “crypto\npairs” can be rewarding, but it is more complex and often more risky than just\nbuying a single cryptocurrency as an investment. In other words, start by\ntrading dollars for major coins like BTC and ETH on an exchange like Coinbase,\nand then when you are ready try trading BTC and ETH for other coins on an\nexchange like Binance or Coinbase Pro.\n\nAn example of trading on Coinbase. Fees are lowering on proper exchanges than\nthey are with brokers like Cash App and Coinbase Consumer.\n\nTIP: A cryptocurrency wallet is a place where you store encrypted passwords\nthat represent the ownership of coins (roughly the equivalent to storing money\nin a bank account). A cryptocurrency exchange is like a stock exchange or like\na currency exchange in a foreign airport (a place people can trade\ncryptocurrency for other cryptocurrencies and fiat currencies like the US\ndollar). Just like if you want to trade stocks you need a bank account and\naccess to the stock exchange, it is the same deal with cryptocurrency. To\ntrade cryptocurrency, you need a wallet and a cryptocurrency exchange.\n\n## How to Get Started Trading Cryptocurrency With Coinbase.com\n\nBelow we will walk you through signing up for Coinbase. This process is very\nsimilar to the signup process for any exchange. The process requires you to\ntrust sensitive information to a third party, and this is yet another reason\nwhy we are going with one of the more trusted exchanges out there, Coinbase.\n\nFirst, to sign up for coinbase.com.\n\n 1. Sign up for Coinbase.com to create a digital currency wallet where you can securely store digital currency. NOTE: By using the following link you’ll get $5 free Bitcoin when you sign up for Coinbase coinbase-consumer.sjv.io/b3b0gk.\n 2. Connect your bank account, debit card, and/or credit card so that you can exchange digital currency into and out of your local currency (you’ll probably also want to add optional info and upload your ID to expand your purchasing limit).\n\nAfter you are signed up, you can then:\n\n 1. Buy Bitcoin, Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash, Litecoin, etc (trading dollars for cryptocurrency).\n 2. Sell Bitcoin, Ethereum, Bitcoin Cash, Litecoin, etc (trading cryptocurrency for dollars).\n 3. Trade Cryptocurrency to Cryptocurrency (trading one crypto to another). You can use the convert button on Coinbase or use Coinbase Pro for this.\n\nNOTE: If you want to use Coinbase Pro, fund your account with dollars or USDC\nand then move your funds over to Coinbase Pro to trade.\n\nTIP: Coinbase accepts some non-US currencies as payment, but options may be\nlimited. See Payment Methods on Coinbase.com for more information.\n\nTIP: Coinbase is constantly expanding its offerings, check out a list of what\ncryptos Coinbase plans to offer.\n\nImportant notes for buying, selling, storing, and sending cryptocurrency using\nCoinbase:\n\n * FIRST AND FOREMOST: USE TWO FACTOR AUTHENTICATION AND A STRONG PASSWORD. MAKE SURE TO ENABLE ALL SECURITY FEATURES IN COINBASE. Coinbase/Coinbase Pro is insured, but not against your account getting hacked, just against something happening on their side.\n * To increase your buying/selling limits, input all forms of payment possible. Please note, only some banks are supported. Yours might not be. Please note that fees are lower with a bank account, and fees are rather high without one. Given that, you should use your bank account to purchase cryptocurrency directly via Coinbase over other payment methods whenever possible.\n * When you sign in with your bank account, you’ll need to input your bank account login. That may feel shady, but is the process (read about it at Coinbase).\n * If you use your bank account, you have to wait 3-5 days for your bank to approve the pairing (so you can’t trade for about a week after you sign up).\n * There are limits to how much you can buy or sell in a week. Adding a photo ID and other payment methods will increase your limits. Otherwise your limits increase (quickly) over time as you trade.\n * Coinbase now has instant purchase when you buy with your bank account. CAVEAT: Not all Coinbase accounts have an instant purchase option. Many do at this point, but not all do.\n * There are fees involved with buying from Coinbase and some types of trading on Coinbase Pro (which can in cases get lower as you buy / trade more). Other exchanges have better rates than Coinbase (for example Coinbase Pro itself has better rates). However, rarely do exchanges have a better fee schedule than Coinbase Pro. In other words, when using Coinbase specifically, you’ll pay a little bit more than market price (or sell for a bit less than market price) and pay a small fee when trading on Coinbase (this is a trade-off for ease of use). NOTES: To be clear, there are essentially two sets of fees when you buy with Coinbase. One is them charging you more per coin than on Coinbase Pro or other exchanges; the other is an actual fee (currently paid in crypto, not USD, so if you buy 1 Ether, you get a little less than 1 Ether but pay the market price). That is the price you pay for them doing all the work and taking the risk of the price changing quickly when you buy. Not a reason not to use Coinbase and only use Coinbase Pro every time, but it is something to keep in the back of your mind if you start making lots of buys.\n * Today you can use USDC (a stable coin) in place of the dollar on Coinbase in some instances.\n * To trade coins, you need to go into settings and make sure your wallets are set up (each coin has a wallet; wallets can be found under “accounts”).\n * The benefit of a USD wallet on Coinbase is that you can put money in that and then, once the deposit clears, use it to buy coins immediately moving forward. If you try to buy directly with your bank account, the transaction can take about a week. Given this, it is smart to fund your USD wallet or buy USDC and then use that moving forward to buy crypto. You’ll still need to wait for the deposit to clear, but once it is cleared with your bank you can use the funds. You can buy coins on Coinbase.com via your USD wallet (just toggle to USD wallet instead of bank account when making a purchase).\n * You don’t have to buy a whole coin. You can buy fractions of coins. Whole Bitcoins can be expensive these days, so consider buying fractions of a coin to start if you don’t have a big bankroll. It has historically been a mistake to buy only other cryptos because BTC costs more. You need to think of which one will increase in and retain value, buying all three in equal $ amounts (and ignoring how many of each coin that amounts to) is one way to avoid making the wrong choice based on price tag per coin.\n * When you buy a coin, take a breath and review the information. An extra decimal place can mean big money considering a single Bitcoin can trade for over $4,000.\n * Sending cryptocurrency to other users is easy with Coinbase. You can send to the email address of another Coinbase user, or you can send to an outside address. Just make sure to review the information carefully. You can’t reverse a transaction if you send to the wrong crypto address!\n * Download the app. This lets you trade cryptocurrency from your phone. The market is volatile; transactions are slow. When it is time to buy or sell, you need to do it ASAP.\n * Set alerts. Alerts can help you decide when to buy or sell.\n * There is a feature that lets you buy incrementally over time. Averaging in a position on a weekly basis is a solid conservative move that Coinbase will automate for you.\n * Cryptocurrency is volatile! There is always the chance that the market will crash, or that you will face some other catastrophe. Cryptocurrency isn’t a centrally controlled and regulated fiat currency. If you lose a coin or someone cheats you, there is nothing you can do about it (which is why you want to have 2-factor authentication set-up).\n\nIn other words, trading cryptocurrency is simple to start, but there are some\nessential aspects to understand before you start trading with a wallet-\nexchange like Coinbase.\n\nAnd remember, there are countless other options for setting up wallets and\ntrading currency. Most will, however, pair with a Coinbase account (making it\na logical place to start).\n\nNOTE: Once you have Coinbase down, try moving onto Coinbase Pro. It’s, in\noverly simple terms, like a better version of Coinbase with lower fees.\nCoinbase operates both platforms, and both use the same logins. Coinbase Pro\nis the preferred exchange of many Bitcoin traders in the U.S. It caters to\nboth pros and novices. After you master that, then consider exchanges like\nBittrex and Binance.\n\nFor more, check out our cryptocurrency investing starter kit and some tips on\ncryptocurrency investing and trading.\n\nBottom line: Although things can be as simple as grab Coinbase, Binance, and a\nTREZOR, or just click some buttons on the Cash App, the reality is beginners\nhave a range of choices for how they want to approach crypto! Cool thing is,\nyou can try them all.\n\nGet $5 in free Bitcoin when you sign up for Coinbase.\n\n\"How to Trade Cryptocurrency – For Beginners\" contains information about the\nfollowing Cryptocurrencies:\n\nBitcoin (BTC), Crypto ETFs / ETNs / Trusts / Funds / etc., Ethereum (ETH),\nLitecoin (LTC), Ripple (XRP)\n\n© 2021 CryptoCurrency Facts\n\nBy continuing to use the site, you agree to the use of cookies. more\ninformation\n\nThe cookie settings on this website are set to \"allow cookies\" to give you the\nbest browsing experience possible. If you continue to use this website without\nchanging your cookie settings or you click \"Accept\" below then you are\nconsenting to this.\n\nClose\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://localbitcoins.com/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001525/https://localbitcoins.com/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "LocalBitcoins.com: Fastest and easiest way to buy and sell bitcoins",
"passages": [
"Seller| Payment method| Price / BTC| Limits ---|---|---|--- Jose1985 (3000+; 100%)| Transfers with specific bank: ZELLE| 57,200.00 USD| 100 - 198 USD| Buy elgogox_vt (3000+; 100%)| Transfers with specific bank: <> <>| 57,030.00 USD| 100 - 900 USD| Buy GRANDBITCOIN98 (500+; 100%)| Transfers with specific bank: ⭐️ ZELLE⭐️ ONLY $50 OR $100⭐️| 56,797.86 USD| 50 - 1,146 USD| Buy gagp94 (3000+; 100%)| Zelle| 57,191.50 USD| 100 - 1,000 USD| Buy rsvert92 (2; 100%)| Paypal| 56,235.50 USD| 20 - 80 USD| Buy samyzelaa (30+; 100%)| Zelle| 56,797.86 USD| 500 - 2,000 USD| Buy",
"Buyer| Payment method| Price / BTC| Limits ---|---|---|--- anaguiris (3000+; 100%)| Paypal| 57,360.21 USD| 100 - 400 USD| Sell ronaldb82 (15 000+; 100%)| Paypal| 57,423.38 USD| 10 - 363 USD| Sell nesaso (1000+; 99%)| Paypal| 57,416.45 USD| 700 - 1,200 USD| Sell RobertoRudas (20 000+; 100%)| Paypal| 58,000.00 USD| 100 - 100 USD| Sell tariqevo (1000+; 100%)| Paypal| 60,059.51 USD| 600 - 8,000 USD| Sell Bitcoinke (100+; 100%)| Paypal| 60,003.28 USD| 610 - 10,000 USD| Sell"
]
},
"parsed_md": "LocalBitcoins.com: Fastest and easiest way to buy and sell bitcoins -\nLocalBitcoins\n\n# Buy and Sell Bitcoin Everywhere\n\n## Near you or around the globe.\n\nTrade bitcoins person-to-person in an easy, fast, and secure way.\n\nSign up free\n\n * QUICK BUY\n * QUICK SELL\n\n### Buy bitcoins online in United States\n\nSeller| Payment method| Price / BTC| Limits \n---|---|---|--- \nJose1985 (3000+; 100%)| Transfers with specific bank: ZELLE| 57,200.00 USD|\n100 - 198 USD| Buy \nelgogox_vt (3000+; 100%)| Transfers with specific bank: <<ONLY ZELLE>> <<ONLY\nZELLE>>| 57,030.00 USD| 100 - 900 USD| Buy \nGRANDBITCOIN98 (500+; 100%)| Transfers with specific bank: ⭐️ ZELLE⭐️ ONLY $50\nOR $100⭐️| 56,797.86 USD| 50 - 1,146 USD| Buy \ngagp94 (3000+; 100%)| Zelle| 57,191.50 USD| 100 - 1,000 USD| Buy \nrsvert92 (2; 100%)| Paypal| 56,235.50 USD| 20 - 80 USD| Buy \nsamyzelaa (30+; 100%)| Zelle| 56,797.86 USD| 500 - 2,000 USD| Buy \n \n * Show more...\n\n * All in US Dollar (USD)\n * All in United States\n * Bank Transfers in United States\n * Online Wallets in United States\n * Pre-Paid Debit Cards in United States\n * Remittance in United States\n * Other Payments in United States\n\n### Sell bitcoins online in United States\n\nBuyer| Payment method| Price / BTC| Limits \n---|---|---|--- \nanaguiris (3000+; 100%)| Paypal| 57,360.21 USD| 100 - 400 USD| Sell \nronaldb82 (15 000+; 100%)| Paypal| 57,423.38 USD| 10 - 363 USD| Sell \nnesaso (1000+; 99%)| Paypal| 57,416.45 USD| 700 - 1,200 USD| Sell \nRobertoRudas (20 000+; 100%)| Paypal| 58,000.00 USD| 100 - 100 USD| Sell \ntariqevo (1000+; 100%)| Paypal| 60,059.51 USD| 600 - 8,000 USD| Sell \nBitcoinke (100+; 100%)| Paypal| 60,003.28 USD| 610 - 10,000 USD| Sell \n \n * Show more...\n\n * All in US Dollar (USD)\n * All in United States\n * Bank Transfers in United States\n * Online Wallets in United States\n * Pre-Paid Debit Cards in United States\n * Remittance in United States\n * Other Payments in United States\n\nShowing advertisements in Puyallup, United States. Change\n\nAs seen on\n\n#### Tweets by LocalBitcoins\n\nTweets by LocalBitcoins\n\n#### Instagram posts by LocalBitcoins\n\n> LocalBitcoins Instagram\n\n#### YouTube videos by LocalBitcoins\n\n * ABOUT\n * About us\n * Careers\n * Fees\n * Security bounties\n * Terms of service\n * Privacy policy\n\n * SUPPORT\n * Contact support\n * FAQ\n * Guides\n * Forgot password\n\n * SERVICES\n * English\n\n * English (en)\n * español (es)\n * français (fr)\n * italiano (it)\n * Русский (ru)\n * Português Brasileiro (pt-br)\n * 简体中文 (zh-hans)\n * API documentation\n * Affiliate\n * Block Explorer\n\n * FOLLOW US\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n * Blog\n * Medium\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://bitcoin.org/en/secure-your-wallet",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211210104051/https://bitcoin.org/en/secure-your-wallet",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Securing your wallet",
"passages": [
"Like in real life, your wallet must be secured. Bitcoin makes it possible to transfer value anywhere in a very easy way and it allows you to be in control of your money. Such great features also come with great security concerns. At the same time, Bitcoin can provide very high levels of security if used correctly. Always remember that it is your responsibility to adopt good practices in order to protect your money.",
"You should be wary of any service designed to store your money online. Many exchanges and online wallets suffered from security breaches in the past and such services generally still do not provide enough insurance and security to be used to store money like a bank. Accordingly, you might want to use other types of Bitcoin wallets. Otherwise, you should choose such services very carefully. Additionally, using two-factor authentication is recommended.",
"A Bitcoin wallet is like a wallet with cash. If you wouldn't keep a thousand dollars in your pocket, you might want to have the same consideration for your Bitcoin wallet. In general, it is a good practice to keep only small amounts of bitcoins on your computer, mobile, or server for everyday uses and to keep the remaining part of your funds in a safer environment.",
"Stored in a safe place, a backup of your wallet can protect you against computer failures and many human mistakes. It can also allow you to recover your wallet after your mobile or computer was stolen if you keep your wallet encrypted.",
"Some wallets use many hidden private keys internally. If you only have a backup of the private keys for your visible Bitcoin addresses, you might not be able to recover a great part of your funds with your backup.",
"Any backup that is stored online is highly vulnerable to theft. Even a computer that is connected to the Internet is vulnerable to malicious software. As such, encrypting any backup that is exposed to the network is a good security practice.",
"Single points of failure are bad for security. If your backup is not dependent of a single location, it is less likely that any bad event will prevent you to recover your wallet. You might also want to consider using different medias like USB keys, papers and CDs.",
"You need to backup your wallet on a regular basis to make sure that all recent Bitcoin change addresses and all new Bitcoin addresses you created are included in your backup. However, all applications will be soon using wallets that only need to be backed up once.",
"Encrypting your wallet or your smartphone allows you to set a password for anyone trying to withdraw any funds. This helps protect against thieves, though it cannot protect against keylogging hardware or software.",
"You should make sure you never forget the password or your funds will be permanently lost. Unlike your bank, there are very limited password recovery options with Bitcoin. In fact, you should be able to remember your password even after many years without using it. In doubt, you might want to keep a paper copy of your password in a safe place like a vault.",
"Any password that contains only letters or recognizable words can be considered very weak and easy to break. A strong password must contain letters, numbers, punctuation marks and must be at least 16 characters long. The most secure passwords are those generated by programs designed specifically for that purpose. Strong passwords are usually harder to remember, so you should take care in memorizing it.",
"An offline wallet, also known as cold storage, provides the highest level of security for savings. It involves storing a wallet in a secured place that is not connected to the network. When done properly, it can offer a very good protection against computer vulnerabilities. Using an offline wallet in conjunction with backups and encryption is also a good practice. Here is an overview of some approaches.",
"This approach involves having two computers sharing some parts of the same wallet. The first one must be disconnected from any network. It is the only one that holds the entire wallet and is able to sign transactions. The second computer is connected to the network and only has a watching wallet that can only create unsigned transactions. This way, you can securely issue new transactions with the following steps.",
"Because the computer that is connected to the network cannot sign transactions, it cannot be used to withdraw any funds if it is compromised. Armory can be used to do offline transaction signature.",
"Hardware wallets are the best balance between very high security and ease of use. These are little devices that are designed from the root to be a wallet and nothing else. No software can be installed on them, making them very secure against computer vulnerabilities and online thieves. Because they can allow backup, you can recover your funds if you lose the device.",
"Using the latest version of your Bitcoin software allows you to receive important stability and security fixes. Updates can prevent problems of various severity, include new useful features and help keep your wallet safe. Installing updates for all other software on your computer or mobile is also important to keep your wallet environment safer.",
"Bitcoin includes a multi-signature feature that allows a transaction to require multiple independent approvals to be spent. This can be used by an organization to give its members access to its treasury while only allowing a withdrawal if 3 of 5 members sign the transaction. Some web wallets also provide multi-signature wallets, allowing the user to keep control over their money while preventing a thief from stealing funds by compromising a single device or server.",
"Your bitcoins can be lost forever if you don't have a backup plan for your peers and family. If the location of your wallets or your passwords are not known by anyone when you are gone, there is no hope that your funds will ever be recovered. Taking a bit of time on these matters can make a huge difference."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Securing your wallet - Bitcoin\n\nBitcoin.org is a community funded project, donations are appreciated and used\nto improve the website.\n\n×\n\nDonate to Bitcoin.org\n\nUse this QR code or address below\n\n3E8ociqZa9mZUSwGdSmAEMAoAxBK3FNDcd\n\n * Introduction\n\n * Individuals\n * Businesses\n * Developers\n * Getting started\n * How it works\n * White paper\n * Resources\n\n * Resources\n * Exchanges\n * Community\n * Documentation\n * Vocabulary\n * Events\n * Bitcoin Core\n * Innovation\n * Participate\n\n * Support Bitcoin\n * Buy Bitcoin\n * Running a full node\n * Development\n * FAQ\n\n * English\n\n * * Bahasa Indonesia\n * Dansk\n * Deutsch\n * English\n * Español\n * Français\n * Italiano\n * Magyar\n * Nederlands\n * Polski\n * Português Brasil\n * Română\n * Slovenščina\n * Srpski\n * Svenska\n * * Türkçe\n * Ελληνικά\n * български\n * Русский\n * Українська\n * العربية\n * فارسی\n * עברית\n * हिन्दी\n * 한국어\n * 日本語\n * 简体中文\n * 繁體中文\n\n# Securing your wallet\n\nLike in real life, your wallet must be secured. Bitcoin makes it possible to\ntransfer value anywhere in a very easy way and it allows you to be in control\nof your money. Such great features also come with great security concerns. At\nthe same time, Bitcoin can provide very high levels of security if used\ncorrectly. Always remember that it is your responsibility to adopt good\npractices in order to protect your money.\n\n * Be careful with online services\n * Small amounts for everyday uses\n * Backup your wallet\n\n * Backup your entire wallet\n * Encrypt online backups\n * Use many secure locations\n * Make regular backups\n * Encrypt your wallet\n\n * Never forget your password\n * Use a strong password\n * Offline wallet for savings\n\n * Offline transaction signing\n * Hardware wallets\n * Keep your software up to date\n * Multi-signature to protect against theft\n * Think about your testament\n\n## Be careful with online services\n\nYou should be wary of any service designed to store your money online. Many\nexchanges and online wallets suffered from security breaches in the past and\nsuch services generally still do not provide enough insurance and security to\nbe used to store money like a bank. Accordingly, you might want to use other\ntypes of Bitcoin wallets. Otherwise, you should choose such services very\ncarefully. Additionally, using two-factor authentication is recommended.\n\n## Small amounts for everyday uses\n\nA Bitcoin wallet is like a wallet with cash. If you wouldn't keep a thousand\ndollars in your pocket, you might want to have the same consideration for your\nBitcoin wallet. In general, it is a good practice to keep only small amounts\nof bitcoins on your computer, mobile, or server for everyday uses and to keep\nthe remaining part of your funds in a safer environment.\n\n## Backup your wallet\n\nStored in a safe place, a backup of your wallet can protect you against\ncomputer failures and many human mistakes. It can also allow you to recover\nyour wallet after your mobile or computer was stolen if you keep your wallet\nencrypted.\n\n### Backup your entire wallet\n\nSome wallets use many hidden private keys internally. If you only have a\nbackup of the private keys for your visible Bitcoin addresses, you might not\nbe able to recover a great part of your funds with your backup.\n\n### Encrypt online backups\n\nAny backup that is stored online is highly vulnerable to theft. Even a\ncomputer that is connected to the Internet is vulnerable to malicious\nsoftware. As such, encrypting any backup that is exposed to the network is a\ngood security practice.\n\n### Use many secure locations\n\nSingle points of failure are bad for security. If your backup is not dependent\nof a single location, it is less likely that any bad event will prevent you to\nrecover your wallet. You might also want to consider using different medias\nlike USB keys, papers and CDs.\n\n### Make regular backups\n\nYou need to backup your wallet on a regular basis to make sure that all recent\nBitcoin change addresses and all new Bitcoin addresses you created are\nincluded in your backup. However, all applications will be soon using wallets\nthat only need to be backed up once.\n\n## Encrypt your wallet\n\nEncrypting your wallet or your smartphone allows you to set a password for\nanyone trying to withdraw any funds. This helps protect against thieves,\nthough it cannot protect against keylogging hardware or software.\n\n### Never forget your password\n\nYou should make sure you never forget the password or your funds will be\npermanently lost. Unlike your bank, there are very limited password recovery\noptions with Bitcoin. In fact, you should be able to remember your password\neven after many years without using it. In doubt, you might want to keep a\npaper copy of your password in a safe place like a vault.\n\n### Use a strong password\n\nAny password that contains only letters or recognizable words can be\nconsidered very weak and easy to break. A strong password must contain\nletters, numbers, punctuation marks and must be at least 16 characters long.\nThe most secure passwords are those generated by programs designed\nspecifically for that purpose. Strong passwords are usually harder to\nremember, so you should take care in memorizing it.\n\n## Offline wallet for savings\n\nAn offline wallet, also known as cold storage, provides the highest level of\nsecurity for savings. It involves storing a wallet in a secured place that is\nnot connected to the network. When done properly, it can offer a very good\nprotection against computer vulnerabilities. Using an offline wallet in\nconjunction with backups and encryption is also a good practice. Here is an\noverview of some approaches.\n\n### Offline transaction signing\n\nThis approach involves having two computers sharing some parts of the same\nwallet. The first one must be disconnected from any network. It is the only\none that holds the entire wallet and is able to sign transactions. The second\ncomputer is connected to the network and only has a watching wallet that can\nonly create unsigned transactions. This way, you can securely issue new\ntransactions with the following steps.\n\n 1. Create a new transaction on the online computer and save it on an USB key.\n 2. Sign the transaction with the offline computer.\n 3. Send the signed transaction with the online computer.\n\nBecause the computer that is connected to the network cannot sign\ntransactions, it cannot be used to withdraw any funds if it is compromised.\nArmory can be used to do offline transaction signature.\n\n### Hardware wallets\n\nHardware wallets are the best balance between very high security and ease of\nuse. These are little devices that are designed from the root to be a wallet\nand nothing else. No software can be installed on them, making them very\nsecure against computer vulnerabilities and online thieves. Because they can\nallow backup, you can recover your funds if you lose the device.\n\n## Keep your software up to date\n\nUsing the latest version of your Bitcoin software allows you to receive\nimportant stability and security fixes. Updates can prevent problems of\nvarious severity, include new useful features and help keep your wallet safe.\nInstalling updates for all other software on your computer or mobile is also\nimportant to keep your wallet environment safer.\n\n## Multi-signature to protect against theft\n\nBitcoin includes a multi-signature feature that allows a transaction to\nrequire multiple independent approvals to be spent. This can be used by an\norganization to give its members access to its treasury while only allowing a\nwithdrawal if 3 of 5 members sign the transaction. Some web wallets also\nprovide multi-signature wallets, allowing the user to keep control over their\nmoney while preventing a thief from stealing funds by compromising a single\ndevice or server.\n\n## Think about your testament\n\nYour bitcoins can be lost forever if you don't have a backup plan for your\npeers and family. If the location of your wallets or your passwords are not\nknown by anyone when you are gone, there is no hope that your funds will ever\nbe recovered. Taking a bit of time on these matters can make a huge\ndifference.\n\nSupport Bitcoin.org: Donate\n\n3E8ociqZa9mZUSwGdSmAEMAoAxBK3FNDcd\n\nIntroduction:\n\n * Individuals\n * Businesses\n * Developers\n * Getting started\n * How it works\n * You need to know\n * White paper\n\nResources:\n\n * Resources\n * Exchanges\n * Community\n * Vocabulary\n * Events\n * Bitcoin Core\n\nParticipate:\n\n * Support Bitcoin\n * Buy Bitcoin\n * Running a full node\n * Development\n\nOther:\n\nAvoid Scams Legal Privacy Policy Press About bitcoin.org Blog\n\n© Bitcoin Project 2009-2021 Released under the MIT license\n\nNetwork Status\n\n * English\n\n * * Bahasa Indonesia\n * Dansk\n * Deutsch\n * English\n * Español\n * Français\n * Italiano\n * Magyar\n * Nederlands\n * Polski\n * Português Brasil\n * Română\n * Slovenščina\n * Srpski\n * Svenska\n * * Türkçe\n * Ελληνικά\n * български\n * Русский\n * Українська\n * العربية\n * فارسی\n * עברית\n * हिन्दी\n * 한국어\n * 日本語\n * 简体中文\n * 繁體中文\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://bitsonline.com/bitcoin-public-private-addresses/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513070738/https://bitsonline.com/bitcoin-public-private-addresses/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What Are Bitcoin Public and Private Addresses?",
"passages": [
"To put it simply, a bitcoin public address is the one you use to receive bitcoin, and a private address is the one you use to send them. Bitcoin public addresses appear as a random string of (around 30) alphanumeric characters, and begin with the numbers “1” or “3.”",
"Private addresses are usually longer, and start with the numbers “5” or “6.” You can show a public address/key to anyone you like, but make sure to keep the private ones well hidden! Bloomberg TV host Matt Miller famously learned this lesson the hard way in 2013, when he displayed a bitcoin paper wallet to the camera. A viewer scanned the image from his TV screen and took the funds.",
"Rather than forcing users to type out complex strings of characters, most bitcoin addresses appear as machine-readable QR codes. That’s why you often see bitcoiners appearing to photograph each others’ smartphone and laptop screens. It makes it much easier to pay quickly, especially in bars and restaurants.",
"Public and private addresses are also known as “keys”. If someone asks for either your public address or public key, show them the one starting with “1” or “3”. An address starting with “1” is a single-user address, whereas the “3” denotes a multi-signature (multisig) address. Multisig addresses can be held by more than one person, requiring more than one private key to release the funds.",
"With the advent of more sophisticated software wallets, private keys are becoming less visible to the user. However they still exist, and it doesn’t hurt to understand what they are and how they work.",
"Jon Southurst is a Senior Editor at Bitsonline. He is based mainly in Tokyo, and is interested in the roles Asian economies play in developing cryptocurrency and blockchain technology. Follow him on Twitter @southtopia"
]
},
"parsed_md": "What Are Bitcoin Public and Private Addresses? - Bitsonline\n\n## What Are Bitcoin Public and Private Addresses?\n\nMarch 3, 2017 by Jon Southurst 0 Comment 5227 Views\n\nTo put it simply, a bitcoin public address is the one you use to receive\nbitcoin, and a private address is the one you use to send them. Bitcoin public\naddresses appear as a random string of (around 30) alphanumeric characters,\nand begin with the numbers “1” or “3.”\n\nHere’s an example of a public address: 1BQhEut2E4XmYm53Qt614NbrhBvuCoyxVc\n(click it to see its balance and transaction history on Blockchain.info)\n\nPrivate addresses are usually longer, and start with the numbers “5” or “6.”\nYou can show a public address/key to anyone you like, but make sure to keep\nthe private ones well hidden! Bloomberg TV host Matt Miller famously learned\nthis lesson the hard way in 2013, when he displayed a bitcoin paper wallet to\nthe camera. A viewer scanned the image from his TV screen and took the funds.\n\nRather than forcing users to type out complex strings of characters, most\nbitcoin addresses appear as machine-readable QR codes. That’s why you often\nsee bitcoiners appearing to photograph each others’ smartphone and laptop\nscreens. It makes it much easier to pay quickly, especially in bars and\nrestaurants.\n\nQR code for the address above\n\nPublic and private addresses are also known as “keys”. If someone asks for\neither your public address or public key, show them the one starting with “1”\nor “3”. An address starting with “1” is a single-user address, whereas the “3”\ndenotes a multi-signature (multisig) address. Multisig addresses can be held\nby more than one person, requiring more than one private key to release the\nfunds.\n\nWith the advent of more sophisticated software wallets, private keys are\nbecoming less visible to the user. However they still exist, and it doesn’t\nhurt to understand what they are and how they work.\n\n### Now that you know what public and private Bitcoin addresses are, you may\nhave even more questions, such as:\n\nWhat is Bitcoin? A beginners’ guide to digital currency\n\nHow do I get some bitcoin?\n\nWhere can I use bitcoin?\n\nWhat is the difference between bitcoin and blockchain?\n\nHow is bitcoin different from credit and debit cards?\n\nWhat are bitcoin public and private addresses?\n\nWhat is a bitcoin wallet?\n\nWhich mobile bitcoin wallet should I choose?\n\nHow do I keep my bitcoins safe and secure?\n\nWho is Satoshi Nakamoto? Did he invent Bitcoin?\n\nIs Bitcoin legal? Can I use Bitcoin in my country?\n\nHow anonymous or private is Bitcoin?\n\nIs bitcoin secure? What are the risks of using Bitcoin?\n\nCan I make money mining bitcoins?\n\nWhat are “Altcoins”?\n\nShould I Invest in Altcoins?\n\nHow can I avoid Bitcoin and cryptocurrency scams?\n\nImage via Wikimedia Commons\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\n0 Shares\n\n« What Is a Bitcoin Wallet?\n\nHow Anonymous or Private Is Bitcoin? »\n\nTagged With: Bitcoin Address Bitcoin private key Bitcoin public key\n\n#### Related News\n\nIOHK and Ethiopia Agree to Explore Cardano Blockchain Projects\n\nA New Russian Cryptocurrency MFC: What Is This?\n\nBitcoin Quest Picture Contest: Find My Hidden Seeds, Keep the Coins!\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\n0 Shares\n\n#### About Jon Southurst\n\nJon Southurst is a Senior Editor at Bitsonline. He is based mainly in Tokyo,\nand is interested in the roles Asian economies play in developing\ncryptocurrency and blockchain technology. Follow him on Twitter @southtopia\n\nPowered by\n\n#### Category\n\n * Bitcoin News\n * Opinion\n * Blockchain\n * Dash\n * Featured\n * Bitcoin\n * Bitcoin & Crypto Mining\n * BitcoinCash\n * Cryptocurrency\n * Cryptocurrency Mining\n * Education\n * Fintech\n * In Case You Missed It\n * Guides\n * Litecoin\n * Ethereum\n\n#### Recent News\n\nLooking Past the Hype: How Can the....\n\nMay 7, 2018\n\nBlockchain Use Case? Securing Nuclear Research at....\n\nMay 6, 2018\n\nSpotlight: Banking Giant ICICI Promoting Blockchain Technology....\n\nMay 5, 2018\n\nIndonesia Turning to Blockchain Technology for Better....\n\nMay 5, 2018\n\n#### In Case You Missed It\n\n#bitcoinMay 7, 2018 by Evan Faggart\n\n## Looking Past the Hype: How Can the ICO....\n\nIOHK and Ethiopia Agree to Explore Cardano Blockchain Projects\n\nAuthorities Move to Seize Domain Name of Vietnam’s Largest Bitcoin Exchange\n\n#### Bitcoin\n\n * Bitcoin & Crypto Mining\n * Education\n * Smart Contracts\n * Guides\n * Charts\n\n#### Blockchain\n\n * Smart Contracts\n\n#### Technology\n\n * Linux\n * Open Source\n\n#### Business\n\n * Regulation\n\n#### Fintech\n\n * Bitcoin News\n\n#### Information\n\n * About Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\nBitsonline © 2018 ·\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms & Condition\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://99bitcoins.com/should-i-invest-in-bitcoin-heres-what-you-need-to-know/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181009012901/https://99bitcoins.com/should-i-invest-in-bitcoin-heres-what-you-need-to-know/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Should I Invest in Bitcoin in 2018? Here are 4 Things You Have to Know",
"passages": [
"2017 started with a bang as Bitcoin shot through the $1000 mark with no signs of slowing down. As a result I get about 2 emails a day from people around the world who are asking one very simple question: “Should I invest in Bitcoin?”",
"Before we begin, I want to get something out of the way – Bitcoin is not a company or a stock, it’s a currency. If you still don’t understand what Bitcoin is, watch this video. So when you want to invest in Bitcoin you are basically buying the currency. However, there are also some other forms of investing in Bitcoin.",
"In order to answer this question the first thing you need to answer is what do you mean when you say you want to invest in Bitcoin. Do you want to buy the currency in hopes it will appreciate it value? Do you want to invest in Bitcoin related companies? Are you looking to day trade with Bitcoins?",
"The most common form of “investing” in Bitcoin is buying the currency in hopes it will appreciate in value (also knowns as “hodling”, see the origins of the term here). If this is the case then you need to decide for yourself if you think this is a good time to buy. Meaning, do you think the price will continue to rise.",
"Don’t take anyone’s advice about what will happen with the currency, do your homework, learn about Bitcoin and come to a conclusion. Personally I believe we are just starting, but that’s my own opinion and you shouldn’t consider that as investment advice as well.",
"Never invest more than you are willing/able to lose – Bitcoin is a very risky investment and you should keep in that in mind at all times.",
"After buying Bitcoins make sure to move them into your own personal wallet and never leave them at the exchange. My personal recommendation is to use a hardware wallet to store your Bitcoins. If you can’t afford a hardware wallet, try a paper wallet.",
"Buy Bitcoins through Dollar cost averaging – This means that you don’t buy all of your Bitcoins in one trade but instead buy a fixed amount every month, week or even day throughout the year. This way you average the price over the course of a whole year. Here’s a short video to explain this concept:",
"Bitcoin trading is different than buying and holding. When you are trading Bitcoins it means that you are actively trying to buy Bitcoins at a low price and sell them back at a higher price in relatively short time interval. Trading successfully requires knowledge and practice. The trading market is occupied by very large players who are just waiting for newbies to come in and throw their money away by trading aimlessly.",
"Some people would like to invest their money into mining Bitcoin. For the past few years mining Bitcoin is only profitable if done at large scales. This means you will need to get expensive mining equipment and hopefully have access to free electricity. Also it’s usually much more cost effective to buy Bitcoins with this money instead of using it to buy mining equipment.",
"Some of you may have heard of all sorts of sites that allow you to mine Bitcoins through them. This is known as cloud mining and these sites fall into one out of two categories:",
"They are not scams, but they are bad investments since you will probably get more Bitcoins if you just use that money to buy Bitcoins instead of paying the site.",
"Finally, every other day I get a question about a site or company that claims to double your Bitcoins, give you insane daily interest on your Bitcoins or help you invest them in some sort of complex and obscure scheme. These sites can be categorized mostly as scams or HYIPs (high yield investment programs).",
"What these sites usually do is they take money from people around the web and promise to give them good returns. They will then start off by paying these returns through money they get from new sign ups and create a big buzz around the site. Usually they will also have some sort of referral program so that users can bring in their friends. This will go on for around 3-4 months until one day the website will just go offline and the money will be gone. No more payments will be made and a lot of people will get mad that they got scammed.",
"I have reviewed many Bitcoin investment sites in the past 3 years (e.g. BTCJam, Bitcoin Trader) and I have yet to find a site that I can say is legit or safe to invest in. Any site that promises you something that is too good to be true is probably just a facade for scammers trying to steal your coins.",
"How can you find out if a site is a scam for yourself? Easy, use our Bitcoin scam test tool. I can’t emphasis this enough – STAY AWAY FROM SITES THAT CLAIM THEY WILL DOUBLE YOUR COINS OR GIVE YOU DAILY INTEREST ON THEM.",
"By now you can probably see that the answer isn’t that simple. It’s not just a matter of should you invest, but also a matter of how to invest. Like I said in the beginning, start by educating yourself. Learn about the currency, what affects it, what are its advantages and disadvantages, etc. You can get a lot of basic education through our free Bitcoin crash course (sign up at the bottom of this post).",
"After you feel you’ve acquired some basic education it’s time to answer this question. REMEMBER – only you can answer this. You can consult others and read online but never follow someone’s advice blindly.",
"Hey, great article! Very interesting and insightful! What is the best way to track the daily rise and fall of the alt coins you mentioned???",
"I saw 7.1 rating for buying cryptocurencies on CEX.io on this site and I can’t believe it’s so low. This is not real, that is the far best and safest exchange of all. link removed",
"Thank you Ofir Beigel for your great tips on investment in bitcoin. Please keep on sharing such articles. link removed",
"I have £5000 and wand to buy Bitcoin at today’s price and if it goes up in the next few weeks I will cash in",
"Another great comparison. I’m a younger kid so I definitely only heard of Betamax. I always remember one sound arguments on investing that goes something like The list is very good and helpful also Thanks for providing such a valuable information.",
"I think now is the best time to start investing in bitcoins, I was able to mine my bitcoins, through the crypto mining investment platform, they are good btc miners,i gain up to 1.5 btc per day and up to $ 6000 from ETH to month. Now I have many bitcoins. A good business man should know that bitcoin would become very expensive, and now should be the right time to invest, well, Interested parties can Email address removed",
"This I really agree. I mean, so many people are asking “How to profit from Bitcoin” Depends. How much profit do you want? 1% 2% 10% 50% 100% 1,000% or more. And how about the risk? Losing 5% 50% 80%. Here’s what I know from 2 years in cryptocurrency. Profiting from Bitcoin is very easy and very hard at the same time. And here’s the reason why. It’s easy because bitcoin and cryptocurrency are very volatile. All you need to do is to put your money in when the price is low and the trend of bitcoin is up (buy... Read more »",
"What you will learn in this video What are some of the best ways to earn Bitcoin today? On the..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Should I Invest in Bitcoin in 2018? Here are 4 Things You Have to Know\n\nDUMMY-PROOF EXPLAINER VIDEOS\n\nEnjoyed by over 100,000 students. One email a day, 7 Days in a row. Short and\neducational, guaranteed!\n\nYou are at:Home»Guides»Investing»Should I Invest in Bitcoin in 2018? Here are\n4 Things You Have to Know\n\nInvesting\n\n# Should I Invest in Bitcoin in 2018? Here are 4 Things You Have to Know\n\nBy Ofir Beigel Last updated on January 2, 2018 at 00:00 212 Comments\n\n2017 started with a bang as Bitcoin shot through the $1000 mark with no signs\nof slowing down. As a result I get about 2 emails a day from people around the\nworld who are asking one very simple question: “Should I invest in Bitcoin?”\n\nBefore we begin, I want to get something out of the way – Bitcoin is not a\ncompany or a stock, it’s a currency. If you still don’t understand what\nBitcoin is, watch this video. So when you want to invest in Bitcoin you are\nbasically buying the currency. However, there are also some other forms of\ninvesting in Bitcoin.\n\n## What does it mean to invest in Bitcoin?\n\nIn order to answer this question the first thing you need to answer is what do\nyou mean when you say you want to invest in Bitcoin. Do you want to buy the\ncurrency in hopes it will appreciate it value? Do you want to invest in\nBitcoin related companies? Are you looking to day trade with Bitcoins?\n\n### Buying and holding\n\nThe most common form of “investing” in Bitcoin is buying the currency in hopes\nit will appreciate in value (also knowns as “hodling”, see the origins of the\nterm here). If this is the case then you need to decide for yourself if you\nthink this is a good time to buy. Meaning, do you think the price will\ncontinue to rise.\n\nDon’t take anyone’s advice about what will happen with the currency, do your\nhomework, learn about Bitcoin and come to a conclusion. Personally I believe\nwe are just starting, but that’s my own opinion and you shouldn’t consider\nthat as investment advice as well.\n\nA few pointers for buying and holding Bitcoins:\n\n 1. Never invest more than you are willing/able to lose – Bitcoin is a very risky investment and you should keep in that in mind at all times.\n 2. After buying Bitcoins make sure to move them into your own personal wallet and never leave them at the exchange. My personal recommendation is to use a hardware wallet to store your Bitcoins. If you can’t afford a hardware wallet, try a paper wallet.\n 3. Make sure to buy Bitcoins only from exchanges that have proven their reputation.\n 4. Buy Bitcoins through Dollar cost averaging – This means that you don’t buy all of your Bitcoins in one trade but instead buy a fixed amount every month, week or even day throughout the year. This way you average the price over the course of a whole year. Here’s a short video to explain this concept:\n\n### Trading in Bitcoins\n\nBitcoin trading is different than buying and holding. When you are trading\nBitcoins it means that you are actively trying to buy Bitcoins at a low price\nand sell them back at a higher price in relatively short time interval.\nTrading successfully requires knowledge and practice. The trading market is\noccupied by very large players who are just waiting for newbies to come in and\nthrow their money away by trading aimlessly.\n\nIf you want to learn more about Bitcoin trading here are some practical tips\nto help you out.\n\n### Investing in Bitcoin mining\n\nSome people would like to invest their money into mining Bitcoin. For the past\nfew years mining Bitcoin is only profitable if done at large scales. This\nmeans you will need to get expensive mining equipment and hopefully have\naccess to free electricity. Also it’s usually much more cost effective to buy\nBitcoins with this money instead of using it to buy mining equipment.\n\nSome of you may have heard of all sorts of sites that allow you to mine\nBitcoins through them. This is known as cloud mining and these sites fall into\none out of two categories:\n\n 1. They are complete scams that will run away with your money and don’t actually use it to mine Bitcoin.\n 2. They are not scams, but they are bad investments since you will probably get more Bitcoins if you just use that money to buy Bitcoins instead of paying the site.\n\nIf you want to learn more about my take on cloud mining read this post.\n\n### Invest in Bitcoin companies / grow your Bitcoins / HYIPs\n\nFinally, every other day I get a question about a site or company that claims\nto double your Bitcoins, give you insane daily interest on your Bitcoins or\nhelp you invest them in some sort of complex and obscure scheme. These sites\ncan be categorized mostly as scams or HYIPs (high yield investment programs).\n\nWhat these sites usually do is they take money from people around the web and\npromise to give them good returns. They will then start off by paying these\nreturns through money they get from new sign ups and create a big buzz around\nthe site. Usually they will also have some sort of referral program so that\nusers can bring in their friends. This will go on for around 3-4 months until\none day the website will just go offline and the money will be gone. No more\npayments will be made and a lot of people will get mad that they got scammed.\n\nI have reviewed many Bitcoin investment sites in the past 3 years (e.g.\nBTCJam, Bitcoin Trader) and I have yet to find a site that I can say is legit\nor safe to invest in. Any site that promises you something that is too good to\nbe true is probably just a facade for scammers trying to steal your coins.\n\nHow can you find out if a site is a scam for yourself? Easy, use our Bitcoin\nscam test tool. I can’t emphasis this enough – STAY AWAY FROM SITES THAT CLAIM\nTHEY WILL DOUBLE YOUR COINS OR GIVE YOU DAILY INTEREST ON THEM.\n\n## So should you invest in Bitcoin?\n\nBy now you can probably see that the answer isn’t that simple. It’s not just a\nmatter of should you invest, but also a matter of how to invest. Like I said\nin the beginning, start by educating yourself. Learn about the currency, what\naffects it, what are its advantages and disadvantages, etc. You can get a lot\nof basic education through our free Bitcoin crash course (sign up at the\nbottom of this post).\n\nAfter you feel you’ve acquired some basic education it’s time to answer this\nquestion. REMEMBER – only you can answer this. You can consult others and read\nonline but never follow someone’s advice blindly.\n\nGood luck!\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * ## Bitcoin IRA Review – Tax Free Crypto?\n\n * ## Why is Bitcoin Going Down?\n\n * ## The Winklevoss Twins’ Bitcoin ETF Explained\n\n## Bitcoin Video Crash Course\n\nDummy-proof explainer videos enjoyed by over 100,000 students. One email a day\nfor 7 days, short and educational, guaranteed.\n\nWe hate spam as much as you do. You can unsubscribe with one click.\n\n###\n\n212\n\nLeave a Reply\n\n86 Comment threads\n\n126 Thread replies\n\n57 Followers\n\nMost reacted comment\n\nHottest comment thread\n\n123 Comment authors\n\nRecent comment authors\n\nSubscribe\n\nnewest oldest most voted\n\nGuest\n\nJase\n\nHey, great article! Very interesting and insightful! What is the best way to\ntrack the daily rise and fall of the alt coins you mentioned???\n\nCheers!\n\n0 Reply\n\n2 months ago\n\n| View Replies (1)\n\nGuest\n\nSam1990\n\nI saw 7.1 rating for buying cryptocurencies on CEX.io on this site and I can’t\nbelieve it’s so low. This is not real, that is the far best and safest\nexchange of all. **link removed** Hope it will make 20x profit this year\n\n-2 Reply\n\n6 months ago\n\nGuest\n\nvibhuti Chouhan\n\nThank you Ofir Beigel for your great tips on investment in bitcoin. Please\nkeep on sharing such articles. **link removed**\n\n0 Reply\n\n6 months ago\n\nGuest\n\nUnknown\n\nso would you recommend this way to start ?\n\n-1 Reply\n\n6 months ago\n\nGuest\n\nMr Hansey\n\nPlease asides bitcoin, what other coin has the potential to rise in value in\nthe shortest possible time?\n\n0 Reply\n\n6 months ago\n\n| View Replies (1)\n\nGuest\n\nTierney\n\nI have £5000 and wand to buy Bitcoin at today’s price and if it goes up in the\nnext few weeks I will cash in\n\n1 Reply\n\n6 months ago\n\n| View Replies (3)\n\nGuest\n\nsuma akhter\n\nAnother great comparison. I’m a younger kid so I definitely only heard of\nBetamax. I always remember one sound arguments on investing that goes\nsomething like The list is very good and helpful also Thanks for providing\nsuch a valuable information.\n\n0 Reply\n\n6 months ago\n\nGuest\n\nJakes Griffins\n\nI think now is the best time to start investing in bitcoins, I was able to\nmine my bitcoins, through the crypto mining investment platform, they are good\nbtc miners,i gain up to 1.5 btc per day and up to $ 6000 from ETH to month.\nNow I have many bitcoins. A good business man should know that bitcoin would\nbecome very expensive, and now should be the right time to invest, well,\nInterested parties can **Email address removed**, or you can contact them on\nwhatsapp:**Number removed**\n\n1 Reply\n\n6 months ago\n\n| View Replies (1)\n\nGuest\n\nBrett\n\nI think it is a risky thing to invest in bitcoin but the returns are\nphenomenal!! **link removed**\n\n1 Reply\n\n7 months ago\n\n| View Replies (1)\n\nGuest\n\nHazzler\n\nThis I really agree. I mean, so many people are asking “How to profit from\nBitcoin” Depends. How much profit do you want? 1% 2% 10% 50% 100% 1,000% or\nmore. And how about the risk? Losing 5% 50% 80%. Here’s what I know from 2\nyears in cryptocurrency. Profiting from Bitcoin is very easy and very hard at\nthe same time. And here’s the reason why. It’s easy because bitcoin and\ncryptocurrency are very volatile. All you need to do is to put your money in\nwhen the price is low and the trend of bitcoin is up (buy... Read more »\n\n6 Reply\n\n8 months ago\n\n| View Replies (3)\n\n * ### Bitcoin Crash Course\n\n * ### Top Products\n\n * Ledger Nano S\n\n9.1\n\n * Coinmama\n\n8.6\n\n * eToro\n\n8.2\n\n * Coinbase\n\n7.8\n\n * CEX.io\n\n7.7\n\n * ### MOST POPULAR POSTS\n\n## How to Get Bitcoins – A Guide to Earning Bitcoins Fast and Free in 2018\n\nWhat you will learn in this video What are some of the best ways to earn\nBitcoin today? On the...\n\n * 7 Bitcoin Debit Cards Compared and Reviewed (2018)\n\n * Bitcoin Casinos Review – The 5 Best Sites for Bitcoin Gambling\n\n * ### Welcome to 99Bitcoins\n\nAbout the company Contact us Advertise on 99Bitcoins\n\n * rss\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * youtube\n\n * ### Our Projects\n\nBitcoin Obituaries Bitcoin Faucet Who Accepts Bitcoin? Bitcoin Historical\nPrice All Projects\n\n * ### Everything Else...\n\nPrivacy policy Terms of use Disclaimer GDPR\n\n99 Coins ltd © All rights reserved\n\nwpDiscuz\n\nDUMMY PROOF EXPLAINER VIDEOS\n\nOver 100,000 students already enrolled\n\nWe Hate Spam, Unsubscribe at any Moment with one click\n\nx\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Promotional_graphics",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210609094956/https://en.bitcoin.it/wiki/Promotional_graphics",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Promotional graphics",
"passages": [
"Bitcoin-related graphics used for promoting bitcoin either for online use, retail display or other promotional purpose. For graphics in languages other than English, see Promotional graphics (non-English).",
"This logo and most of the images in this section were created by bitboy using the ₿ symbol designed by Satoshi. They are in the public domain.",
"The below PNG image is a low quality (= non-vector) render of the source vector image because the Wiki cannot display SVG files at the moment. For real usage, especially printing, please use the source SVG image"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Promotional graphics - Bitcoin Wiki\n\n# Promotional graphics\n\nFrom Bitcoin Wiki\n\nJump to: navigation, search\n\nBitcoin-related graphics used for promoting bitcoin either for online use,\nretail display or other promotional purpose. For graphics in languages other\nthan English, see Promotional graphics (non-English).\n\n## Contents\n\n * 1 Orange style\n\n * 1.1 Logo alone\n * 1.2 Logo with text\n * 1.3 Sticker with QR code\n * 1.4 \"We love Bitcoin\" Graphics\n * 1.5 Bitcoin Accepted Here Buttons\n\n * 1.5.1 Normal size\n * 1.5.2 High resolution\n * 2 Euro style\n * 3 Gold style\n * 4 Ƀ: Another Bitcoin Identity\n * 5 New Bitcoin Accepted Here sign for business owners\n * 6 External Links\n * 7 See Also\n\n## Orange style\n\nThis logo and most of the images in this section were created by bitboy using\nthe ₿ symbol designed by Satoshi. They are in the public domain.\n\n### Logo alone\n\nSVG and higher resolutions\n\n### Logo with text\n\nhttp://media.tumblr.com/tumblr_lmupioyU7M1qznjpp.png\n\n### Sticker with QR code\n\nThe below PNG image is a low quality (= non-vector) render of the source\nvector image because the Wiki cannot display SVG files at the moment. For real\nusage, especially printing, please use the source SVG image\n\n### \"We love Bitcoin\" Graphics\n\n### Bitcoin Accepted Here Buttons\n\n#### Normal size\n\n#### High resolution\n\n## Euro style\n\n## Gold style\n\nThis logo/image was created by Satoshi Nakamoto, who placed it in the public\ndomain.\n\n## Ƀ: Another Bitcoin Identity\n\nɃ graphic elements are available in SVG format on the dedicated project page.\n\n## New Bitcoin Accepted Here sign for business owners\n\nGraphic elements are available in Vector [1].\n\n## External Links\n\n * New icon/logo (SVG of the gold bitcoin / logo)\n * Bigger \"B\" versions of Bitcoin logotypes\n * Ƀ Another Bitcoin identity\n * More Bitcoin logos, buttons, and also some other graphics\n * Make your \"we accept Bitcoin\" logo\n * A4 Printable \"Bitcoin Accepted Here\" Sign Generator PDF or PNG\n * Liberty starts with free money logo\n * In cryptography we trust (yet another Bitcoin icon)\n * Bitcoin icons from Bitbash\n * Bitcoin Graphics zip\n * What is Bitcoin? (Infographic)\n * carbonism's deviantART gallery\n * Handsome Code Better Bitcoin\n * Stack of bitcoins\n * Bitcoin Graphics in Vector Format (Illustrator)\n * Bitcoin Clipart Royalty free\n * Dollars Not Accepted (Scaleable Vector Graphic & PDF) Public Domain (CC0)\n\n## See Also\n\n * Bitcoin symbol\n\nRetrieved from\n\"https://en.bitcoin.it/w/index.php?title=Promotional_graphics&oldid=64991\"\n\nCategory:\n\n * Marketing\n\n## Navigation menu\n\n### Personal tools\n\n * Create account\n * Log in\n\n### Namespaces\n\n * Page\n * Discussion\n\n### Variants\n\n### Views\n\n * Read\n * View source\n * View history\n\n### More\n\n### Navigation\n\n * Main page\n * Bitcoin FAQ\n * Editing help\n * Forums\n * Chatrooms\n * Recent changes\n * Page index\n\n### Tools\n\n * What links here\n * Related changes\n * Special pages\n * Printable version\n * Permanent link\n * Page information\n\n### Sister projects\n\n * Essays\n * Source\n\n * This page was last edited on 21 February 2018, at 13:56.\n * Content is available under Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 unless otherwise noted.\n\n * Privacy policy\n * About Bitcoin Wiki\n * Disclaimers\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://cointelegraph.com/bitcoin-for-beginners/what-can-i-buy-with-bitcoins",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210514094512/https://cointelegraph.com/bitcoin-for-beginners/what-can-i-buy-with-bitcoins",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What to buy with Bitcoins",
"passages": [
"For a large part of its existence, the Bitcoin (BTC) community placed a lot of faith in the cryptocurrency becoming a viable alternative to many centralized payment systems existing in the market. However, BTC currently is mostly used as a long-term investment - an asset much like gold or stocks.",
"How and why did this happen? On close inspection, it seems that Bitcoin as a payment service was doomed from the very beginning, as its underlying blockchain technology simply can’t scale to compete with industry giants such as Visa, MasterCard and PayPal.",
"The main problem is the amount of transactions that the network is able to process. Bitcoin’s absolute maximum capacity is a mere 7 transactions per second (tps), while Visa easily handles an average of 150 mln transactions every day, and is capable of facilitating 24,000 tps.",
"As more and more people started using Bitcoin and sending transactions, the network became bloated. Along with the amount of transactions, the waiting times and, most importantly, transaction fees have skyrocketed.",
"According to blockchain.info's data, the average waiting time in winter 2018 was in the region of hours, in some extreme cases - hundreds, sometimes even thousands of hours. The graph peaked on Jan. 23 at an astronomical number of 11,453 minutes - almost 20 days.",
"It is worth noting that such excessive waiting times were most likely associated with microscopic transactions sent through with tiny transaction fees, if any at all. So, miners simply avoided confirming such transactions as it would be a waste of time and resources for them.",
"Still, for the transaction to go through as quickly as possible, users had to pay massive amounts of fees so that miners will actually confirm them. According to BitInfoCharts, at one point during the winter period users had to pay an average of $55 to see their transaction go through.",
"Quite obviously, no one is going to use Bitcoin to buy a $3 dollar cup of coffee and have to pay 15 times that amount in fees and wait for a couple of hours until transaction is confirmed. But still, stating that ‘we accept Bitcoin’ is still a very useful PR stunt for businesses.",
"However, as of now Bitcoin seems to have gone over its winter crisis. The waiting times returned to a 10-30 minutes mark and the transaction fees dropped back to around $1. For now.",
"The two graphs mentioned above correlate exactly with Bitcoin’s price. As you all remember, it managed to climb over a $20,000 mark this winter and everyone went into a frenzy. Now that its price is back below a $10,000 mark, the general public seems to have calmed down a bit and, as a result, the network is back to its normal service.",
"Moreover, the Lightning Network, which is hailed to be the solution to Bitcoin’s scalability problem is being actively and successfully tested at the moment. Once fully implemented, it might make the community’s dreams of Bitcoin competing with Visa a reality.",
"But the damage was done. As a result of the winter crisis, several high- profile service providers and retails stopped accepting Bitcoin as a form of payment. Here’s a small example of the largest companies:",
"Steam — They used to accept BTC for game purchases, but stopped doing so citing high transaction fees and incredible volatility as the reasons to doing so.",
"Fiverr — This freelance marketplace stopped accepting BTC for the same reason Dell did - lack of interest in the option.",
"Stripe — A payment processor for businesses has recently ended support for BTC due to slow confirmation times and high fees.",
"Overstock — the first large online retailer to accept and fully support Bitcoin payments. You can buy anything from furniture to laptops and television sets.",
"Microsoft — one of the biggest companies in the world allows users to add money to their accounts with Bitcoin.",
"Most major online retailers are still not accepting Bitcoins as a form of payment, but there is a way of buying products from them using only digital currency. See the Gift Cards section below.",
"Where To Spend Bitcoins UK — a directory of shops, pubs, websites and other places in the UK that accept Bitcoins.",
"Bitcoin’s acceptance as a payment option depends on a particular company’s decision. Hence, there are no specific markets where BTC is universally accepted. Instead, there are various companies in different sectors of services looking to expand their client bases by introducing digital currencies as a new payment option.",
"Back in the day, you had to visit a physical store to purchase a video game. These days, most gamers shop online. Video games are becoming a digital possession, much like digital currencies themselves. So it is only natural that more and more leading game-selling platforms are accepting Bitcoins.",
"There are a lot of competing travel-related services and most of them offer very similar toolkits. Offering alternative ways of payment is a great way to attract new customers. Here are some services where you can book your dream holiday and pay for it with your Bitcoins:",
"Expedia — one of the world’s largest online travel booking agencies currently accepts BTC payments for hotel bookings, but is planning to introduce Bitcoin payment option for flights, activities and so on.",
"Travel For Coins — a travel booking website that allows users to make their travel arrangements and pay for them with Bitcoins.",
"Donating money to charity often incurs huge fees. Moreover, some people would prefer to keep their donations anonymous, for one reason or another. Donating money in Bitcoins is a perfect way of avoiding those fees and keeping the donation anonymous.",
"Bitcoin for Charity List — A continually growing list of verified charities that accept Bitcoins. It even includes their wallet addresses!",
"Unfortunately, there are very few major offline retailers that are accepting direct Bitcoin payments. However, it is possible to buy goods from most major shops using BTC, see the Gift Cards section below.",
"There are several taxi dispatch services as well as airport transportation services in various parts of the world that accept Bitcoin payment. Here’s a mappable list of such companies.",
"A very big part of Bitcoin-related transactions are purchases of gift cards. It is by far the easiest way of buying products from both massive worldwide companies and small local businesses with the cryptocurrency, online and offline.",
"In the beginning of 2017, Recruit Lifestyle Co., Ltd partnered with Japanese Bitcoin exchange Coincheck to create a point-of-sale app called ‘Mobile Payment for AirREGI.’ The tablet-based app-enabled merchants all over Japan to easily accept Bitcoin payment.",
"The first rollout saw a chain of 334 eyeglasses store across Japan to begin accepting Bitcoins. Currently, there are around 260,000 commercial facilities, food establishments, drugstores and other retail locations all over the country accepting BTC.",
"The latest additions to the ever-growing list of merchants accepting Bitcoins include famous capsule hotels such as Comicap and Anshin Oyado, a major consumer electronics retail chain Bic Camera and Kai Corporation, which owns five unique restaurants in Japan.",
"For those who prefer to store their funds in a heavy, physical form there are companies such as BitGold, which specializes in utilizing gold for payments and savings, including Bitcoin. There is also a company called Amagi Metals, which has been trading Bitcoins for precious metals since 2012.",
"In 2013, The University of Nicosia, a private school in Cyprus, became the first university to offer a program called “Master of Science in Digital Currency.” Of course, if you wish to study this program, you can pay your tuition fees in Bitcoins.",
"For those who have made their fortune with Bitcoin, there is a luxury BTC marketplace BitPremier, where you could buy a villa in Bali or an $11 mln yacht. Moreover, a US luxury jewelry chain Reeds has recently started accepting Bitcoins as well.",
"If you’re feeling adventurous, you can try your luck on one of the numerous Bitcoin online casinos and gambling sites.",
"Lastly, the mysterious dark web is filled with websites and marketplaces, where Bitcoins are accepted for a variety of goods and services, yet they are completely illegal in most countries.",
"Do you have a few extra Ether tokens lying around? Here’s a list of places where you can spend them:"
]
},
"parsed_md": "What to buy with Bitcoins\n\n * BTC $50,727 +2.40%\n * ETH $3,976 +6.55%\n * XRP $1.40 +9.29%\n * BCH $1,310 +6.53%\n * EOS $11.17 +8.55%\n * DOGE $0.5235 +32.80%\n\n * Advertise\n * Careers\n\n * BTC $50,727\n * ETH $3,976\n * XRP $1.3975\n * BCH $1,310\n * XMR $417.5\n * DASH $379\n * EOS $11.17\n * ZEC $310\n * ADA $1.876\n * NEO $101.03\n * BNB $607\n * XLM $0.687\n * USDT $1.00\n * MIOTA $1.96\n * DOGE $0.5235\n\n# What to buy with Bitcoins\n\nFor a large part of its existence, the Bitcoin (BTC) community placed a lot of\nfaith in the cryptocurrency becoming a viable alternative to many centralized\npayment systems existing in the market. However, BTC currently is mostly used\nas a long-term investment - an asset much like gold or stocks.\n\nHow and why did this happen? On close inspection, it seems that Bitcoin as a\npayment service was doomed from the very beginning, as its underlying\nblockchain technology simply can’t scale to compete with industry giants such\nas Visa, MasterCard and PayPal.\n\nThe main problem is the amount of transactions that the network is able to\nprocess. Bitcoin’s absolute maximum capacity is a mere 7 transactions per\nsecond (tps), while Visa easily handles an average of 150 mln transactions\nevery day, and is capable of facilitating 24,000 tps.\n\nAs more and more people started using Bitcoin and sending transactions, the\nnetwork became bloated. Along with the amount of transactions, the waiting\ntimes and, most importantly, transaction fees have skyrocketed.\n\nAccording to blockchain.info's data, the average waiting time in winter 2018\nwas in the region of hours, in some extreme cases - hundreds, sometimes even\nthousands of hours. The graph peaked on Jan. 23 at an astronomical number of\n11,453 minutes - almost 20 days.\n\nIt is worth noting that such excessive waiting times were most likely\nassociated with microscopic transactions sent through with tiny transaction\nfees, if any at all. So, miners simply avoided confirming such transactions as\nit would be a waste of time and resources for them.\n\nStill, for the transaction to go through as quickly as possible, users had to\npay massive amounts of fees so that miners will actually confirm them.\nAccording to BitInfoCharts, at one point during the winter period users had to\npay an average of $55 to see their transaction go through.\n\nQuite obviously, no one is going to use Bitcoin to buy a $3 dollar cup of\ncoffee and have to pay 15 times that amount in fees and wait for a couple of\nhours until transaction is confirmed. But still, stating that ‘we accept\nBitcoin’ is still a very useful PR stunt for businesses.\n\nHowever, as of now Bitcoin seems to have gone over its winter crisis. The\nwaiting times returned to a 10-30 minutes mark and the transaction fees\ndropped back to around $1. For now.\n\nThe two graphs mentioned above correlate exactly with Bitcoin’s price. As you\nall remember, it managed to climb over a $20,000 mark this winter and everyone\nwent into a frenzy. Now that its price is back below a $10,000 mark, the\ngeneral public seems to have calmed down a bit and, as a result, the network\nis back to its normal service.\n\nMoreover, the Lightning Network, which is hailed to be the solution to\nBitcoin’s scalability problem is being actively and successfully tested at the\nmoment. Once fully implemented, it might make the community’s dreams of\nBitcoin competing with Visa a reality.\n\nBut the damage was done. As a result of the winter crisis, several high-\nprofile service providers and retails stopped accepting Bitcoin as a form of\npayment. Here’s a small example of the largest companies:\n\n * Dell — They were the biggest company to support BTC payments, but dropped the option due to low demand.\n * Steam — They used to accept BTC for game purchases, but stopped doing so citing high transaction fees and incredible volatility as the reasons to doing so.\n * Fiverr — This freelance marketplace stopped accepting BTC for the same reason Dell did - lack of interest in the option.\n * Stripe — A payment processor for businesses has recently ended support for BTC due to slow confirmation times and high fees.\n\nHowever, there are still a lot of services what you can spend your Bitcoins\non:\n\n## Online\n\n### List of major online merchants\n\n * Overstock — the first large online retailer to accept and fully support Bitcoin payments. You can buy anything from furniture to laptops and television sets.\n * Newegg — an electronic retail giant is accepting Bitcoin payments for most of its stock.\n * Shopify — an e-commerce platform that allows users to create their own online stores similar to Etsy and eBay.\n * Etsy — around 100 vendors accept Bitcoin payments now.\n * Microsoft — one of the biggest companies in the world allows users to add money to their accounts with Bitcoin.\n\nMost major online retailers are still not accepting Bitcoins as a form of\npayment, but there is a way of buying products from them using only digital\ncurrency. See the Gift Cards section below.\n\n### List of aggregators\n\n * Where To Spend Bitcoins UK — a directory of shops, pubs, websites and other places in the UK that accept Bitcoins.\n * useBitcoins — a platform with almost 5,000 listed businesses that accept BTC.\n * Coinmap — a map of Bitcoin-accepting businesses worldwide.\n * Spendabit — a search engine capable of finding specific good available to buy for Bitcoins.\n\n### Services\n\nBitcoin’s acceptance as a payment option depends on a particular company’s\ndecision. Hence, there are no specific markets where BTC is universally\naccepted. Instead, there are various companies in different sectors of\nservices looking to expand their client bases by introducing digital\ncurrencies as a new payment option.\n\n * Dish Network — an American direct-broadcast satellite service provider.\n * ExpressVPN — high speed, secure VPN network.\n * PureVPN — high speed, secure VPN network.\n * OKCupid — online dating website.\n * WordPress — an online company that allows users to create websites and blogs.\n * Reddit — you can buy premium features with Bitcoins.\n * Namecheap — domain name register.\n * Bloomberg, Chicago Sun-Times, etc — online-newspaper subscription for Bitcoins.\n * SuicideGirls — a popular adult-themed community now accepts Bitcoins for a subscription.\n * Treehouse — an online interactive education specialist, accepting Bitcoin for a variety of courses.\n\n### Video Games\n\nBack in the day, you had to visit a physical store to purchase a video game.\nThese days, most gamers shop online. Video games are becoming a digital\npossession, much like digital currencies themselves. So it is only natural\nthat more and more leading game-selling platforms are accepting Bitcoins.\n\n * Xbox — pay for games, add-ons and Xbox Live subscription.\n * PlayStation Network — pay for games, add-ons and PS Network subscription.\n * Humble Bundle — indie games website.\n * Big Fish Games — casual gaming company based in Seattle, Washington.\n * Green Man Gaming — games, game keys and digital games.\n * Zynga — mobile and online games.\n\n### Travel\n\nThere are a lot of competing travel-related services and most of them offer\nvery similar toolkits. Offering alternative ways of payment is a great way to\nattract new customers. Here are some services where you can book your dream\nholiday and pay for it with your Bitcoins:\n\n * Expedia — one of the world’s largest online travel booking agencies currently accepts BTC payments for hotel bookings, but is planning to introduce Bitcoin payment option for flights, activities and so on.\n * AirBaltic — the first airline ever to accept Bitcoin payment for a variety of flights.\n * Webjet — a travel booking website offering flights, hotels, cruises, car hire and so on.\n * CheapAir — online travel booking website where you can pay for flights, car rentals, railway tickets and so on.\n * Bitcoin Travel — a travel booking website with one of the most comprehensive lists of businesses that use Bitcoin.\n * Travel For Coins — a travel booking website that allows users to make their travel arrangements and pay for them with Bitcoins.\n * Virgin Galactic — Richard Branson’s company, the world’s first commercial space line accepts Bitcoins.\n\n### Tipping & Charity\n\nDonating money to charity often incurs huge fees. Moreover, some people would\nprefer to keep their donations anonymous, for one reason or another. Donating\nmoney in Bitcoins is a perfect way of avoiding those fees and keeping the\ndonation anonymous.\n\n * Wikimedia Foundation — a nonprofit organization dedicated to encouraging the growth, development and distribution of free, multilingual educational content.\n * Wikileaks — an international non-profit organization that publishes secret information, news leaks and classified media provided by anonymous sources.\n * Bitcoin for Charity List — A continually growing list of verified charities that accept Bitcoins. It even includes their wallet addresses!\n\nA list of websites taking donations in Bitcoins\n\n## Offline\n\nUnfortunately, there are very few major offline retailers that are accepting\ndirect Bitcoin payments. However, it is possible to buy goods from most major\nshops using BTC, see the Gift Cards section below.\n\nThere is a mappable list of establishments that accept Bitcoin payments on\nBitcoin.Travel and Coinmap.\n\n### Food, Bitcoin-friendly bars\n\n * Subway — you can buy sandwiches with Bitcoins in various locations all over the world.\n * PizzaForCoins — a service that lets you order pizza with Bitcoins.\n * Pembury Tavern — a tavern in London, UK.\n * Old Fitzroy — a pub in Sydney, Australia.\n * The Pink Cow — a diner in Tokyo, Japan.\n * Burger Bear — a food stall in London, UK.\n\n### Taxi\n\nThere are several taxi dispatch services as well as airport transportation\nservices in various parts of the world that accept Bitcoin payment. Here’s a\nmappable list of such companies.\n\n## Gift Cards\n\nA very big part of Bitcoin-related transactions are purchases of gift cards.\nIt is by far the easiest way of buying products from both massive worldwide\ncompanies and small local businesses with the cryptocurrency, online and\noffline.\n\nSeveral websites allow users to buy gift cards of pretty much any value with\nBitcoins, among them are:\n\neGifter, Gyft, purse.io, Cryfter, Instagift, Yes to Bitcoins! and Fold App.\n\n## Merchants accepting Bitcoins in Japan\n\nIn the beginning of 2017, Recruit Lifestyle Co., Ltd partnered with Japanese\nBitcoin exchange Coincheck to create a point-of-sale app called ‘Mobile\nPayment for AirREGI.’ The tablet-based app-enabled merchants all over Japan to\neasily accept Bitcoin payment.\n\nThe first rollout saw a chain of 334 eyeglasses store across Japan to begin\naccepting Bitcoins. Currently, there are around 260,000 commercial facilities,\nfood establishments, drugstores and other retail locations all over the\ncountry accepting BTC.\n\nThe latest additions to the ever-growing list of merchants accepting Bitcoins\ninclude famous capsule hotels such as Comicap and Anshin Oyado, a major\nconsumer electronics retail chain Bic Camera and Kai Corporation, which owns\nfive unique restaurants in Japan.\n\n## Bullion traders\n\nFor those who prefer to store their funds in a heavy, physical form there are\ncompanies such as BitGold, which specializes in utilizing gold for payments\nand savings, including Bitcoin. There is also a company called Amagi Metals,\nwhich has been trading Bitcoins for precious metals since 2012.\n\n## Unusual ways of spending Bitcoins\n\nIn 2013, The University of Nicosia, a private school in Cyprus, became the\nfirst university to offer a program called “Master of Science in Digital\nCurrency.” Of course, if you wish to study this program, you can pay your\ntuition fees in Bitcoins.\n\nMeltdown Comic Shop in Los Angeles recently became the first-ever comic book\nstore to accept Bitcoins.\n\nFor those who have made their fortune with Bitcoin, there is a luxury BTC\nmarketplace BitPremier, where you could buy a villa in Bali or an $11 mln\nyacht. Moreover, a US luxury jewelry chain Reeds has recently started\naccepting Bitcoins as well.\n\nIf you’re feeling adventurous, you can try your luck on one of the numerous\nBitcoin online casinos and gambling sites.\n\nLastly, the mysterious dark web is filled with websites and marketplaces,\nwhere Bitcoins are accepted for a variety of goods and services, yet they are\ncompletely illegal in most countries.\n\n## How to spend ETH?\n\nDo you have a few extra Ether tokens lying around? Here’s a list of places\nwhere you can spend them:\n\n * Overstock — Furniture, electronics, jewellery, home decor and so on. Ether payments are facilitated via an integrated ShapeShift tool.\n * TapJet — A Houston based private jet booking platform.\n * CryptoPet — A pet supplies shop that accepts various cryptocurrencies.\n * Snel.com — VPS hosting service.\n * QHoster — VPS hosting service.\n * FlokiNET — VPS hosting service.\n * TorGuard — VPN service.\n\nNews\n\n * Bitcoin News\n * Blockchain News\n * Ethereum News\n * Altcoin News\n * Litecoin News\n * Ripple News\n * Business News\n * Technology News\n * Policy & Regulations\n\nFeatures\n\n * Top 100 2021\n * Top 100 2020\n * Hodler’s Digest\n * Magazine\n * Analysis\n * Opinion\n * Expert Take\n * Top 10 Cryptocurrencies\n * Market Analysis\n * Interview\n * Use Case\n\nMarket Tools\n\n * Market News\n * Bitcoin Price Index\n * Ethereum Price Index\n * Bitcoin Cash Price Index\n * Litecoin Price Index\n * Ripple Price Index\n * Monero Price Index\n * Markets Pro\n * Heatmap Partner\n\nCryptopedia\n\n * Explained\n * Bitcoin101\n * Ethereum101\n * Bitcoin Cash101\n * ICO101\n * Ripple101\n * Lightning Network101\n\nIndustry\n\n * Consulting Services\n * Technology Providers\n * Industry Reports\n * DApplist\n * Jobs\n * Store\n * Press Releases\n * Events\n * BlockShow\n * Changelly Partner\n * TradeSanta Partner\n\nAbout us\n\n * Franchise\n * Advertise\n * About\n * Widgets\n * Careers\n\nAre you a journalist or an editor? Join us\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n### COINTELEGRAPH NEWSLETTER\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n### MOBILE APPS\n\nTerms of services and Privacy policy\n\nCointelegraph covers fintech, blockchain and Bitcoin bringing you the latest\nnews and analyses on the future of money.\n\n© Cointelegraph 2013 - 2021\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.coindesk.com/information/how-can-i-buy-bitcoins/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211101191450/https://www.coindesk.com/information/how-can-i-buy-bitcoins/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "CoinDesk: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Crypto News and Price Data",
"passages": [
"The leader in news and information on cryptocurrency, digital assets and the future of money, CoinDesk is a media outlet that strives for the highest journalistic standards and abides by a strict set of editorial policies. CoinDesk is an independent operating subsidiary of Digital Currency Group, which invests in cryptocurrencies and blockchain startups.",
"The leader in news and information on cryptocurrency, digital assets and the future of money, CoinDesk is a media outlet that strives for the highest journalistic standards and abides by a strict set of editorial policies. CoinDesk is an independent operating subsidiary of Digital Currency Group, which invests in cryptocurrencies and blockchain startups."
]
},
"parsed_md": "CoinDesk: Bitcoin, Ethereum, Crypto News and Price Data\n\nNewsletters\n\n * Markets\n\n * Business\n\n * Tech\n\n * Policy\n\n * Indexes\n\n * TV & Videos\n\n * Podcasts\n\n * Crypto Explainer+\n\n * Events\n\n * Research\n\n * About\n\n * Sponsored Content\n\nNewsletters\n\n * ###### Markets\n\n * ###### Business\n\n * ###### Tech\n\n * ###### Policy\n\n * ###### Indexes\n\n * ###### TV & Videos\n\n * ###### Podcasts\n\n * ###### Crypto Explainer+\n\n * ###### Events\n\n * ###### Research\n\n * ###### About\n\n * ###### Sponsored Content\n\n###### Crypto Prices\n\n###### Top Assets\n\nBy\n\nDISCLOSURE\n\nThe leader in news and information on cryptocurrency, digital assets and the\nfuture of money, CoinDesk is a media outlet that strives for the highest\njournalistic standards and abides by a strict set of editorial policies.\nCoinDesk is an independent operating subsidiary of Digital Currency Group,\nwhich invests in cryptocurrencies and blockchain startups.\n\n#### Trending\n\n##### 1\n\n###### Identity Thieves Exploit El Salvador’s Chivo Bitcoin Wallet’s Setup\nProcess\n\nNov 1, 2021\n\n##### 2\n\n###### Crypto Fund Inflows Slow After Record Jolt From Bitcoin Futures ETF\n\nNov 1, 2021\n\n##### 3\n\n###### Meme Tokens Led ‘Uptober’ as SHIB Mooned 765%\n\nNov 1, 2021\n\n##### 4\n\n###### Bitcoin Eyes Fed Meeting After Biggest Monthly Price Gain Since\nDecember 2020\n\nNov 1, 2021\n\n#### About\n\nAboutMastheadContributorsCareerCompany News\n\n#### Stay Updated\n\nEventsNewslettersFollow\n\n#### Get In Touch\n\nAdvertise\n\n#### The Fine Print\n\nEthics PolicyPrivacyTerms & Conditions\n\nThe leader in news and information on cryptocurrency, digital assets and the\nfuture of money, CoinDesk is a media outlet that strives for the highest\njournalistic standards and abides by a strict set of editorial policies.\nCoinDesk is an independent operating subsidiary of Digital Currency Group,\nwhich invests in cryptocurrencies and blockchain startups.\n\n@2021 CoinDesk\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://unblock.net/how-to-use-bitcoin-anonymously/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210306020735/https://unblock.net/how-to-use-bitcoin-anonymously/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Use Bitcoin Anonymously",
"passages": [
"Bitcoin is often regarded as an anonymous cryptocurrency because it is possible to transmit and accept bitcoins without giving anyone your personally identifying information. While this is true, the current version of the protocol is not exactly anonymous.",
"When Bitcoin was first introduced in 2009, its creator Satoshi Nakamoto envisioned it to be a private and secure protocol for transfer of value over the Internet. Before 2014, the general public didn’t really understand how the blockchain technology operates; there was very little information on the Internet and the limited info that was available was usually catered to developers/cryptographers who already knew a lot about the technology. The early adopters, hyped by this novel tech, massively overrated its capacity for anonymous transactions. Even today, when there’s not a person on the planet that hasn’t heard about Bitcoin, the majority of the people still think bitcoin transactions are anonymous.",
"The Bitcoin protocol it reliant on the blockchain technology which runs on a peer-to-peer network, thus eliminating the need for a trusted third party (like banks/clearing houses in the case of fiat money) to ensure the validity of the transactions. The blockchain provides transparency and transaction immutability, meaning that all valid transactions are permanently written down on this distributed ledger for everyone to see. A question inevitably arises: how are transactions made through the Bitcoin protocol anonymous, if they’re out in the open for everyone to see?",
"The answer is: they’re not. Bitcoin transactions are actually pseudo- anonymous, and there’s a big difference between the two. Even though the transactions themselves are transparent, they’re only linked to public addresses that are nothing more than strings of alphanumeric characters to the average Joe. So far so good, right? Wallets aren’t linked to any particular user by default. But what if (because of negligence, the actions of a malicious actor, or any other reason) a user was identified to own a certain wallet address? Then a simple search through the blockchain would reveal their entire financial activity on the network — all the way back to the Genesis block.",
"While the casual use of Bitcoin grants you a little more anonymity than a wire transfer does, it’s not exactly anonymous.",
"To achieve true anonymity with Bitcoin you need to go the extra mile, and the directions are as follows:Click to Tweet",
"If you’re thinking of setting up a truly anonymous Bitcoin operation from your desktop or laptop at home, forget about it. There’s all sorts of personal information and other data stored on it that someone with enough resources could access and use to reveal your identity. What you need is a fresh environment that has no traces of previous users: buy a cheap laptop, and two (or more) 8GB USB drives. After you do this, make sure you access the internet only through public WiFi networks (in cafes or libraries,) and never log into a social media or email account, or reveal any sort of personal information on that laptop. This will maximize your privacy, setting you up for the next step:",
"Next up, get yourself acquainted with Tails: “a live operating system that you can start on almost any computer from a USB stick”. It’s designed to protect your privacy, and allows you to browse the Internet anonymously by forcing all Internet connections through the Tor network.",
"Tor is an overlay network consisting of over 7,000 relays that bounce your communications all around the world in order to defend you against traffic analysis (a form of network surveillance).",
"To install Tails on your USB drives, follow the step-by-step guide provided on their official website. You should spend a few days getting to know the Tails system and the Tor browser so you can use the set up correctly – minimizing your chances of getting exposed.",
"Now that you have a “clean” hardware and software setup, it’s time to use it to set up your Bitcoin wallet. The name itself is a bit misleading, since a “wallet” is a place where you store coins. That isn’t the case – a Bitcoin wallet is more like a keychain where you store your private keys.",
"You prove ownership over your coins using your wallet’s private keys; anyone who has the private key can access the funds associated with it.",
"You provide others with a public address, which is a hashed version of your wallet’s public key; think of it as a bank account number that you share in order to receive funds.",
"The key to using Bitcoin in a truly anonymous manner is to obfuscate any and all relationships between your real-world self and your digital self. A huge part of that is to never publicly associate your wallets’ public addresses with yourself, but you should also try to lose the link between individual transactions. In other words, never send or receive multiple transactions from a single bitcoin address. One way to achieve this is by using HD wallets.",
"An HD (Hierarchical Deterministic) wallet uses a 12-word master seed key to generate multiple public addresses you can use to receive bitcoins; think of it as having a single password for multiple bank accounts. Ledger Nano S, Trezor, and MyCelium are all easy-to-use HD hard wallets.",
"If you can’t afford an HD hard wallet, there’s a cheaper option: cold wallets. A cold wallet is a wallet that isn’t connected to the Internet, meaning your digital assets are stored physically (on a piece of paper) and cannot be hacked into. The only risk here is misplacing that piece of paper, which is why it’s best to store it in a secure location.",
"Use Bitaddress.org to generate new cold wallets for different transactions. Receiving funds is as easy as sharing your public address, but spending them is a bit more complicated since cold wallets aren’t meant for everyday usage.",
"Most exchanges follow strict KYC and cTF/AML regulations and require some form of ID to create an account. As a consequence, buying your first bitcoins is the most complex part of the procedure. Here are your options:",
"LocalBitcoins is a peer-to-peer service you can use to connect with cryptocurrency enthusiasts in your area and buy/sell crypto for cash. Open the website using Tor and sign up using a fake name and email address. Once you find a seller with a good reputation, arrange a meeting in a public place, make the transaction and (once you see the confirmation) you’re good to go.",
"A Bitcoin ATM accepts fiat for BTC, and vice versa. It usually doesn’t require any form of identification, but it may charge up to 7% in fees. As expensive as it is, it’s among the safest ways to acquire bitcoins: you put cash in and enter your public address as a recipient. Use CoinATMRadar to find a Bitcoin ATM in your area.",
"By now you probably see the bigger picture: genuine Bitcoin anonymity is by no means granted to you. It comes as a result of meticulous planning and following a precise set of steps. Each phase of the process is crucial to the overall effect and, as challenging of an endeavour as it is, it’s very well worth the benefits. If you want to take it a step further, you should look into mixing services that further obfuscate the link between your address and your coins.",
"If you follow the steps in this guide in their entirety and in the right order, your identity will remain private, your transactions will be impossible to trace, and the link between you and your funds will be virtually non- existent.",
"The views expressed on this blog are based on personal opinion and experience, and should not be considered as professional financial investment advice. Feel free to contact us here. For our live charts & news, we’re using the awesome APIs from CryptoComapre and Cryptopanic."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Use Bitcoin Anonymously - unblock.net\n\nSkip to content\n\n# How to Use Bitcoin Anonymously\n\nHome » Guides » How to Use Bitcoin Anonymously\n\nStefan Stankovic May 14, 2018\n\nBitcoin is often regarded as an anonymous cryptocurrency because it is\npossible to transmit and accept bitcoins without giving anyone your personally\nidentifying information. While this is true, the current version of the\nprotocol is not exactly anonymous.\n\nWhen Bitcoin was first introduced in 2009, its creator Satoshi Nakamoto\nenvisioned it to be a private and secure protocol for transfer of value over\nthe Internet. Before 2014, the general public didn’t really understand how the\nblockchain technology operates; there was very little information on the\nInternet and the limited info that was available was usually catered to\ndevelopers/cryptographers who already knew a lot about the technology. The\nearly adopters, hyped by this novel tech, massively overrated its capacity for\nanonymous transactions. Even today, when there’s not a person on the planet\nthat hasn’t heard about Bitcoin, the majority of the people still think\nbitcoin transactions are anonymous.\n\nThe Bitcoin protocol it reliant on the blockchain technology which runs on a\npeer-to-peer network, thus eliminating the need for a trusted third party\n(like banks/clearing houses in the case of fiat money) to ensure the validity\nof the transactions. The blockchain provides transparency and transaction\nimmutability, meaning that all valid transactions are permanently written down\non this distributed ledger for everyone to see. A question inevitably arises:\nhow are transactions made through the Bitcoin protocol anonymous, if they’re\nout in the open for everyone to see?\n\nThe answer is: they’re not. Bitcoin transactions are actually pseudo-\nanonymous, and there’s a big difference between the two. Even though the\ntransactions themselves are transparent, they’re only linked to public\naddresses that are nothing more than strings of alphanumeric characters to the\naverage Joe. So far so good, right? Wallets aren’t linked to any particular\nuser by default. But what if (because of negligence, the actions of a\nmalicious actor, or any other reason) a user was identified to own a certain\nwallet address? Then a simple search through the blockchain would reveal their\nentire financial activity on the network — all the way back to the Genesis\nblock.\n\nWhile the casual use of Bitcoin grants you a little more anonymity than a wire\ntransfer does, it’s not exactly anonymous.\n\nTo achieve true anonymity with Bitcoin you need to go the extra mile, and the\ndirections are as follows:Click to Tweet\n\n## Get New Hardware\n\nImage credits: Alex Kunchevsky\n\nIf you’re thinking of setting up a truly anonymous Bitcoin operation from your\ndesktop or laptop at home, forget about it. There’s all sorts of personal\ninformation and other data stored on it that someone with enough resources\ncould access and use to reveal your identity. What you need is a fresh\nenvironment that has no traces of previous users: buy a cheap laptop, and two\n(or more) 8GB USB drives. After you do this, make sure you access the internet\nonly through public WiFi networks (in cafes or libraries,) and never log into\na social media or email account, or reveal any sort of personal information on\nthat laptop. This will maximize your privacy, setting you up for the next\nstep:\n\n## Install Tails\n\nNext up, get yourself acquainted with Tails: “a live operating system that you\ncan start on almost any computer from a USB stick”. It’s designed to protect\nyour privacy, and allows you to browse the Internet anonymously by forcing all\nInternet connections through the Tor network.\n\n * Tor is an overlay network consisting of over 7,000 relays that bounce your communications all around the world in order to defend you against traffic analysis (a form of network surveillance).\n\nTo install Tails on your USB drives, follow the step-by-step guide provided on\ntheir official website. You should spend a few days getting to know the Tails\nsystem and the Tor browser so you can use the set up correctly – minimizing\nyour chances of getting exposed.\n\n## Create a Bitcoin Wallet\n\nImage credits: Alex Kunchevsky\n\nNow that you have a “clean” hardware and software setup, it’s time to use it\nto set up your Bitcoin wallet. The name itself is a bit misleading, since a\n“wallet” is a place where you store coins. That isn’t the case – a Bitcoin\nwallet is more like a keychain where you store your private keys.\n\n * The coins are stored on the blockchain, not “in” the wallet.\n * You prove ownership over your coins using your wallet’s private keys; anyone who has the private key can access the funds associated with it.\n * You provide others with a public address, which is a hashed version of your wallet’s public key; think of it as a bank account number that you share in order to receive funds.\n\nThe key to using Bitcoin in a truly anonymous manner is to obfuscate any and\nall relationships between your real-world self and your digital self. A huge\npart of that is to never publicly associate your wallets’ public addresses\nwith yourself, but you should also try to lose the link between individual\ntransactions. In other words, never send or receive multiple transactions from\na single bitcoin address. One way to achieve this is by using HD wallets.\n\n * An HD (Hierarchical Deterministic) wallet uses a 12-word master seed key to generate multiple public addresses you can use to receive bitcoins; think of it as having a single password for multiple bank accounts. Ledger Nano S, Trezor, and MyCelium are all easy-to-use HD hard wallets.\n\nIf you can’t afford an HD hard wallet, there’s a cheaper option: cold wallets.\nA cold wallet is a wallet that isn’t connected to the Internet, meaning your\ndigital assets are stored physically (on a piece of paper) and cannot be\nhacked into. The only risk here is misplacing that piece of paper, which is\nwhy it’s best to store it in a secure location.\n\n * Use Bitaddress.org to generate new cold wallets for different transactions. Receiving funds is as easy as sharing your public address, but spending them is a bit more complicated since cold wallets aren’t meant for everyday usage.\n\n## Buy Bitcoin\n\nImage credits: Alex Kunchevsky\n\nMost exchanges follow strict KYC and cTF/AML regulations and require some form\nof ID to create an account. As a consequence, buying your first bitcoins is\nthe most complex part of the procedure. Here are your options:\n\n * LocalBitcoins.com\n\nLocalBitcoins is a peer-to-peer service you can use to connect with\ncryptocurrency enthusiasts in your area and buy/sell crypto for cash. Open the\nwebsite using Tor and sign up using a fake name and email address. Once you\nfind a seller with a good reputation, arrange a meeting in a public place,\nmake the transaction and (once you see the confirmation) you’re good to go.\n\n * Bitcoin ATM\n\nA Bitcoin ATM accepts fiat for BTC, and vice versa. It usually doesn’t require\nany form of identification, but it may charge up to 7% in fees. As expensive\nas it is, it’s among the safest ways to acquire bitcoins: you put cash in and\nenter your public address as a recipient. Use CoinATMRadar to find a Bitcoin\nATM in your area.\n\n### Conclusion\n\nBy now you probably see the bigger picture: genuine Bitcoin anonymity is by no\nmeans granted to you. It comes as a result of meticulous planning and\nfollowing a precise set of steps. Each phase of the process is crucial to the\noverall effect and, as challenging of an endeavour as it is, it’s very well\nworth the benefits. If you want to take it a step further, you should look\ninto mixing services that further obfuscate the link between your address and\nyour coins.\n\nIf you follow the steps in this guide in their entirety and in the right\norder, your identity will remain private, your transactions will be impossible\nto trace, and the link between you and your funds will be virtually non-\nexistent.\n\nFeatured image by Aleksandar Savic\n\nshares\n\nRecommend Tweet Share on Facebook Submit to reddit Add to buffer Save to\npocket Email\n\nGuides\n\n## 1 Response\n\n 1. sumitjeker says:\n\nJuly 2, 2018 at 6:41 am\n\ngood\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n## Definition of the day\n\nmore definitions\n\n## Similar posts\n\n * Bitcoin Security: How to secure your Bitcoin Transactions and Investments\n * Top 100 Cryptocurrency Blogs You Need To Follow\n * The Ultimate Monero (XMR) Guide: Complete Review\n * A Beginner’s Guide to Bitcoin (BTC): Introduction to the Cryptocurrency World\n * What is Bitcoin Core Wallet – A Complete Review\n\n## Profiles\n\n * Elizabeth Stark – the Bolt of Lightning\n * Andreas Antonopoulos – the Bitcoin Sherpa\n * Vitalik Buterin – The Mastermind\n * Charlee Lee – the Creator of Silver to Bitcoin’s Gold\n * Nick Szabo – the Mysterious Blockchain Titan\n\n## Trending\n\n * A Beginner’s Guide to Bitcoin (BTC): Introduction to the Cryptocurrency World\n * What is Ethereum (ETH): The Ultimate Guide\n * The Ultimate Monero (XMR) Guide: Complete Review\n * Who is Nick Szabo, The Mysterious Blockchain Titan\n * How to Invest in Bitcoin: A Guide for Beginners (2018)\n * How Bitcoin Is Slowly Evolving as a Payment Method\n * What Is My Bitcoin Address and How Does It Work?\n * US Cryptocurrency Regulation: Policies, Regimes & More\n * How to be Mindful while Trading, Mining or Learning about Crypto\n\n### Notes\n\nThe views expressed on this blog are based on personal opinion and experience,\nand should not be considered as professional financial investment advice. Feel\nfree to contact us here. For our live charts & news, we’re using the awesome\nAPIs from CryptoComapre and Cryptopanic.\n\n© 2021 unblock.net\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://coinatmradar.com/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507054642/https://coinatmradar.com/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bitcoin ATM Map – Find Bitcoin ATM, Online Rates",
"passages": [
"There are many services and locations apart from bitcoin ATMs which provide exchange of bitcoins for cash and vice versa.",
"If you operate a bitcoin machine – take advantage of advertising and promoting your machines and brand via our platform."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bitcoin ATM Map – Find Bitcoin ATM, Online Rates\n\nShare:\n\nSubscribe:\n\n# Bitcoin ATM Map\n\nFind where to buy or sell bitcoins and other cryptocurrencies for cash.\n\n * ##### 19504\n\n###### Crypto ATMs\n\n * ##### 275945\n\n###### Other services\n\n * ##### 72\n\n###### Countries\n\n * ##### 41\n\n###### Producers\n\n * ##### 590\n\n###### Operators\n\nMaps by cryptocurrency:\n\n * Bitcoin (BTC) ATMs\n * Bitcoin Cash (BCH) ATMs\n * Ether (ETH) ATMs\n * Dash (DASH) ATMs\n * Litecoin (LTC) ATMs\n\n * BTC ATMs\n * BCH ATMs\n * ETH ATMs\n * DASH ATMs\n * LTC ATMs\n\n * BTC ATMs\n * BCH ATMs\n\n * ETH ATMs\n * DASH ATMs\n * LTC ATMs\n\nGeneral map:\n\n###### Coins:\n\n###### Operations:\n\n###### Location type:\n\n\"Other\" services are visible with larger zoom.\n\nSubmit a new ATM Location Become an ATM Host\n\n## How to use a bitcoin ATM\n\nBitcoin ATMs are one of the easiest and quickest ways to buy and sell\nbitcoins.\n\n### Find a bitcoin ATM near me\n\n### How to buy bitcoins using ATM\n\n### How to sell bitcoins using ATM\n\n### Withdraw bitcoins from ATM receipt\n\n### Buy bitcoins directly to hardware wallet\n\n## Buy or Sell bitcoins for cash\n\nThere are many services and locations apart from bitcoin ATMs which provide\nexchange of bitcoins for cash and vice versa.\n\n### Alternative crypto-cash exchange services\n\n## Remittances via bitcoin ATMs\n\nYou can send cash-to-cash payments to your relatives or friends in other\ncountries by using two bitcoin ATMs.\n\n## How to start a bitcoin ATM business\n\nBitcoin ATM industry is relatively new, join it and start your business on the\ncutting edge of technology.\n\n### Check-list for running a bitcoin ATM\n\n### Revenue and Costs of operating a bitcoin ATM\n\n### Real-life bitcoin ATM metrics\n\n### ROI Calculator\n\n### How to Start a Bitcoin ATM Business\n\n## Our services\n\nIf you operate a bitcoin machine – take advantage of advertising and promoting\nyour machines and brand via our platform.\n\n### Become a featured operator\n\n### Promote your machine at geo level\n\n### Banner advertising\n\n### Custom map integration for your website\n\n## Mobile apps\n\nInstall one of our mobile apps to have a bitcoin ATM map always with you on\nyour smartphone.\n\n### Individuals\n\n * Start with Bitcoin\n * How to buy bitcoins\n * How to sell bitcoins\n * Find bitcoin ATM nearby\n * Bitcoin ATMs by country\n * Use key from receipt\n * iOS app\n * Android app\n\n### Businesses\n\n * Launch a bitcoin ATM\n * Revenue / Costs Estimates\n * Industry Statistics\n * Profitability Calculator\n * Bitcoin ATM Store\n * Advertising\n * How to Start Bitcoin ATM Business\n\nYour tip helps keep the site up to date:\n\nBitcoin Cash (BCH): bitcoincash:qqs477n9kxxn7tudlz7frx7dcxn6qnewqyzfkqaf7f\nBitcoin (BTC): bitcoin:3P5YLy91WzjCsgnwZNPe4a8CRGGznDefiG\n\nCoin ATM Radar © Copyright 2014-2021 Terms of Service | Privacy policy\n\nContact us at [email protected] or via contact form\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.coindesk.com/information/paper-wallet-tutorial",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191106152256/https://www.coindesk.com/information/paper-wallet-tutorial",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make a Paper Bitcoin Wallet",
"passages": [
"A bitcoin paper wallet is simply a public and private key printed together. It is an offline wallet, and is usually regarded as a type of “cold storage” (extra-secure storage that does not make contact with the hackable internet), although it has some important differences that make its presence in that category debatable (more on this further down).",
"As the name suggests, paper wallets are usually made out of paper, although technically they could also be made of plastic or any other substance on which information can be durably printed.",
"What is printed on the paper wallet are the private and public keys, usually in QR form, with the latter also serving as the address. You could just copy and paste the keys onto a text document and print that out (erasing the copy on the computer afterwards). Or you could use one of the free web services that generate the printable wallet for you. The key generation is usually done in your browser, so they are never transmitted on the internet. To be safe, you should clear your browser after printing. And never store an image of the paper wallet on your computer or phone.",
"Some paper wallet services have a nifty design that you can cut, fold and seal, making them a lightweight and relatively secure form of storing bitcoin offline. You send your bitcoin to the public address displayed on the wallet, and then store it in a secure place.",
"What makes paper wallets secure is that they are totally offline (generally known as “cold storage”). They are not within the reach of hackers, and your bitcoin are never trusted to a third party. As long as the paper wallet is secure, your holdings are secure.",
"But, therein lies the relative lack of security. Someone could find your hiding place, take your printout, spend all the bitcoin associated with those keys, and return the paper, so you would never know.",
"A more secure version would involve folding the paper so that the private key is hidden from sight, taping the fold with a seal that can’t be broken and replaced (just search for “tamper evident seals,” there are many different providers and models), and making sure that the private key cannot be seen even if the folded paper is held up to the light.",
"Sure, it’s unlikely, but when you’re securing a lot of bitcoin, it pays to think of worst case scenarios (and hey, what with climate change and all...). So, a tightly-sealed plastic bag would help.",
"How do you protect a paper wallet from fire? I have no idea. Keep it in the freezer? (That definitely would be “cold storage,” he he.)",
"Also, paper itself is not the most durable of substances. Apart from the obvious risks of fire or water damage, the ink could fade with time, making the keys unreadable. No readable keys, no bitcoin.",
"Even with paper wallets, you can check your balance at any time using blockchain.info (just type your public key into the search box). And most online wallets allow you to import your paper wallet data. To spend those bitcoin, you will be asked to type in the private key information, or scan the private key QR code (sometimes called the “spend” QR code).",
"Bitaddress.org and Walletgenerator.net are open-source random address and key generators that uses your browser’s JavaScript engine, so no keys are sent over the internet. And moving your mouse around to create entropy and mix up the characters even more is fun. That random sequence is then used to generate your public and private keys, which are displayed on the next screen for printing.",
"Mycelium offers an original and even more secure way to generate paper wallets, with a USB dongle that you plug directly into your printer. The device generates a paper wallet that automatically gets printed out, without ever having touched your computer."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make a Paper Bitcoin Wallet\n\nRegister for Invest: NYC, the must-attend institutional investor conference on\nNovember 12th\n\n# How to Make a Paper Bitcoin Wallet\n\nLast updated: 26th February 2019\n\nA bitcoin paper wallet is simply a public and private key printed together. It\nis an offline wallet, and is usually regarded as a type of “cold storage”\n(extra-secure storage that does not make contact with the hackable internet),\nalthough it has some important differences that make its presence in that\ncategory debatable (more on this further down).\n\nAs the name suggests, paper wallets are usually made out of paper, although\ntechnically they could also be made of plastic or any other substance on which\ninformation can be durably printed.\n\nvia bitaddress.org\n\nWhat is printed on the paper wallet are the private and public keys, usually\nin QR form, with the latter also serving as the address. You could just copy\nand paste the keys onto a text document and print that out (erasing the copy\non the computer afterwards). Or you could use one of the free web services\nthat generate the printable wallet for you. The key generation is usually done\nin your browser, so they are never transmitted on the internet. To be safe,\nyou should clear your browser after printing. And never store an image of the\npaper wallet on your computer or phone.\n\nSome paper wallet services have a nifty design that you can cut, fold and\nseal, making them a lightweight and relatively secure form of storing bitcoin\noffline. You send your bitcoin to the public address displayed on the wallet,\nand then store it in a secure place.\n\nWhat makes paper wallets secure is that they are totally offline (generally\nknown as “cold storage”). They are not within the reach of hackers, and your\nbitcoin are never trusted to a third party. As long as the paper wallet is\nsecure, your holdings are secure.\n\nBut, therein lies the relative lack of security. Someone could find your\nhiding place, take your printout, spend all the bitcoin associated with those\nkeys, and return the paper, so you would never know.\n\nA more secure version would involve folding the paper so that the private key\nis hidden from sight, taping the fold with a seal that can’t be broken and\nreplaced (just search for “tamper evident seals,” there are many different\nproviders and models), and making sure that the private key cannot be seen\neven if the folded paper is held up to the light.\n\nEven that is not particularly secure. What if the folder, drawer or box that\nyou keep it in floods?\n\nSure, it’s unlikely, but when you’re securing a lot of bitcoin, it pays to\nthink of worst case scenarios (and hey, what with climate change and all...).\nSo, a tightly-sealed plastic bag would help.\n\nHow do you protect a paper wallet from fire? I have no idea. Keep it in the\nfreezer? (That definitely would be “cold storage,” he he.)\n\nAlso, paper itself is not the most durable of substances. Apart from the\nobvious risks of fire or water damage, the ink could fade with time, making\nthe keys unreadable. No readable keys, no bitcoin.\n\nEven with paper wallets, you can check your balance at any time using\nblockchain.info (just type your public key into the search box). And most\nonline wallets allow you to import your paper wallet data. To spend those\nbitcoin, you will be asked to type in the private key information, or scan the\nprivate key QR code (sometimes called the “spend” QR code).\n\nSome good paper wallet generators:\n\nBitaddress.org and Walletgenerator.net are open-source random address and key\ngenerators that uses your browser’s JavaScript engine, so no keys are sent\nover the internet. And moving your mouse around to create entropy and mix up\nthe characters even more is fun. That random sequence is then used to generate\nyour public and private keys, which are displayed on the next screen for\nprinting.\n\nMycelium offers an original and even more secure way to generate paper\nwallets, with a USB dongle that you plug directly into your printer. The\ndevice generates a paper wallet that automatically gets printed out, without\never having touched your computer.\n\n(Note: specific businesses mentioned here are not the only options available,\nand should not be taken as a recommendation.)\n\nAuthored by Noelle Acheson.\n\n### Next: Can Bitcoin Scale?\n\n### Index: A Beginners Guide to Bitcoin and Blockchain Technology\n\n * #### What is Bitcoin?\n\n##### It's a decentralized digital currency\n\n * #### Why Use Bitcoin?\n\n##### It's fast, cheap to use, and secure\n\n * #### How Can I Buy Bitcoin?\n\n##### From an exchange or an individual\n\n * #### How to Buy Bitcoin in the UK\n\n##### Buying bitcoin in the UK\n\n * #### How to Store Your Bitcoin\n\n##### Use a digital or paper wallet\n\n * #### What Can You Buy with Bitcoin?\n\n##### Spend your bitcoins\n\n * #### How to Sell Bitcoin\n\n##### A guide on how to sell your bitcoins\n\n * #### How to Accept Bitcoin Payments for Your Store\n\n##### Learn about bitcoin POS systems\n\n * #### How do Bitcoin Transactions Work?\n\n##### Bitcoin addresses and private keys\n\n * #### Is Bitcoin Legal?\n\n##### The current regulation around bitcoin\n\n * #### Who is Satoshi Nakamoto?\n\n##### The founder of bitcoin\n\n * #### Understanding Bitcoin Price Charts\n\n##### A primer on bitcoin price charts\n\n * #### How Bitcoin Mining Works\n\n##### By confirming transactions\n\n * #### How to Set Up a Bitcoin Miner\n\n##### Generate bitcoins yourself\n\n * #### What are Bitcoin Mining Pools?\n\n##### What are pools how and how to join them?\n\n * #### How Does Cloud Mining Bitcoin Work?\n\n##### Alternative bitcoin mining solutions\n\n * #### How to Calculate Mining Profitability\n\n##### Can you make a ROI?\n\n * #### How to Make a Paper Bitcoin Wallet\n\n##### Creating an unhackable bitcoin wallet\n\n * #### Can Bitcoin Scale?\n\n##### A look at the debate and the tech\n\n * #### What is SegWit?\n\n##### A new way of storing transaction data\n\n * #### What is Bitcoin's Lightning Network?\n\n##### Off-chain transaction channels\n\n * #### What is Ethereum?\n\n##### A blockchain application platform and 'world computer'\n\n * #### What is Ether?\n\n##### The 'fuel' of the ethereum network\n\n * #### How to Use Ethereum\n\n##### Wallets, trading and ‘dapps’\n\n * #### Who Created Ethereum?\n\n##### Vitalik Buterin\n\n * #### How Ethereum Works\n\n##### 'Turing-complete' programming, 'state' and the 'EVM'\n\n * #### How Ethereum Mining Works\n\n##### 'Proof of Work' and 'Proof of Stake'\n\n * #### How to Mine Ethereum\n\n##### GPUs, mining software and pools\n\n * #### How Will Ethereum Scale?\n\n##### ‘Sharding’ and ‘off-chain’ transactions\n\n * #### How Do Ethereum Smart Contracts Work?\n\n##### Code, transaction fees and 'gas'\n\n * #### What is Bitcoin Cash?\n\n##### Same blockchain, different characteristics.\n\n * #### Hard Fork vs Soft Fork\n\n##### Why and how do blockchains split?\n\n * #### What is the Difference Between Litecoin and Bitcoin?\n\n##### It's the silver to bitcoin's gold\n\n * #### How to Buy Litecoin\n\n##### How to buy the bitcoin alternative litecoin\n\n * #### How to Mine Litecoin and other Altcoins\n\n##### How to generate your own altcoins\n\n * #### What is Ripple?\n\n##### Is it a token? Is it a payments platform?\n\n * #### What is Blockchain Technology?\n\n##### A system of distributed data and logic\n\n * #### How Does Blockchain Technology Work?\n\n##### Cryptographic keys, distributed networks and network servicing protocols\n\n * #### What Can a Blockchain Do?\n\n##### Identity, recordkeeping, smart contracts and more\n\n * #### What is a Distributed Ledger?\n\n##### A dynamic, independently maintained database\n\n * #### What is the Difference Between Public and Permissioned Blockchains?\n\n##### Can anyone read or write to the ledger?\n\n * #### What is the Difference Between a Blockchain and a Database?\n\n##### It begins with architectural and administrative decisions\n\n * #### What Are the Applications and Use Cases of Blockchains?\n\n##### Tokenization, auditing, governance, settlement and more\n\n * #### How Could Blockchain Technology Change Finance?\n\n##### Cross-border payments, new asset classes, regulatory compliance and more\n\n * #### What are Blockchain's Issues and Limitations?\n\n##### Complexity, size, costs, speed, security, politics and more\n\n * #### Why Use a Blockchain?\n\n##### To manage and secure digital relationships as part of a system of record\n\n * #### What is a Decentralized Application?\n\n##### A distributed 'smart contract' system\n\n * #### What is a DAO?\n\n##### A 'decentralized autonomous organization'\n\n * #### What is an ICO?\n\n##### Initial Coin Offerings refer to the distribution of digital tokens.\n\n * #### What is Dash? (DASH)\n\n * #### What is Stellar? (XLM)\n\n * #### What is Filecoin? (FIL)\n\n * #### What is EOS?\n\n * #### What is Grin?\n\n * #### What is Zilliqa? (ZIL)\n\n * #### What is Cardano? (ADA)\n\n * #### What is 0x? (ZRX)\n\n * #### What is Decentraland? (MANA)\n\n * #### What is XRP?\n\n * #### What is Litecoin?\n\n * #### What is Binance Coin (BNB)?\n\n * #### Who is Jed McCaleb?\n\n * #### Who is Coinbase CEO Brian Armstrong?\n\n * #### What is Bakkt?\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Poloniex\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Poloniex exchange to buy, sell\nand trade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Bitfinex\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Bitfinex exchange to buy, sell\nand trade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Bittrex\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Bittrex exchange to buy, sell\nand trade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Coinbase\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Coinbase exchange to buy, sell\nand trade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Gemini\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Gemini exchange to buy, sell and\ntrade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto on Huobi\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Huobi exchange to buy, sell and\ntrade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Bitstamp\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Bitstamp exchange to buy, sell\nand trade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On BitMEX\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the BitMex exchange to buy, sell and\ntrade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Kraken\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use the Kraken exchange to buy, sell and\ntrade cryptocurrency.\n\n * #### How to Trade Crypto On Binance\n\n##### A step-by-step guide for how to use Binance to buy, sell and trade\ncryptocurrency.\n\n## Sign Up for CoinDesk's Newsletters\n\nSign Me Up\n\n### Have a breaking story?\n\nLet us know here »\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://bitcoin.travel/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419040848/https://bitcoin.travel/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Travel for bitcoins and other crypto",
"passages": [
"Book your travel with bitcoins and other cryptocurrencies using our services. Find cheap flight tickets, hotels, resorts, accommodation, car transfers, rentals, cars, travel insurance, tours and activities and plan your trip with Bitcoin.Travel",
"To use social login you have to agree with the storage and handling of your data by this website. %privacy_policy%"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bitcoin.Travel - Travel for bitcoins and other crypto\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * instagram\n * youtube\n\nMenu\n\nSwitch to the dark mode that's kinder on your eyes at night time.\n\nSwitch to the light mode that's kinder on your eyes at day time.\n\nSearch\n\nMenu\n\nSwitch to the dark mode that's kinder on your eyes at night time.\n\nSwitch to the light mode that's kinder on your eyes at day time.\n\n# Home\n\n * Hotels\n * Flights\n * Transfers\n\n#### Hotels\n\n### Book hotels and save up to 60%\n\n#### Flights\n\n### Book flights and save up to 40%\n\n#### Transfers\n\n### Book transfers and save up to 40%\n\n### Bitcoin.Travel in the media\n\n> ###### More and more businesses are starting to accept bitcoin.\n> Bitcoin.Travel has one of the most comprehensive list of businesses that use\n> bitcoin.\n\n> ###### Well-established platform, Bitcoin.Travel, supports payments in\n> cryptos, where users can search for flights, hotels and rentals around the\n> world.\n\n### Special offers for flights\n\n### Top destinations\n\n### Hotel selections\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * instagram\n * youtube\n\n## Newsletter\n\nDon't miss out on the best offers and deals\n\n## About\n\nBook your travel with bitcoins and other cryptocurrencies using our services.\nFind cheap flight tickets, hotels, resorts, accommodation, car transfers,\nrentals, cars, travel insurance, tours and activities and plan your trip with\nBitcoin.Travel\n\n© 2011 - 2021 by Bitcoin.Travel | All Rights Reserved\n\nBack to Top\n\nClose\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * instagram\n * youtube\n\n## Log In\n\n#### Sign In\n\nForgot password?\n\n## Forgot password?\n\nEnter your account data and we will send you a link to reset your password.\n\n## Your password reset link appears to be invalid or expired.\n\n## Log in\n\n### Privacy Policy\n\nTo use social login you have to agree with the storage and handling of your\ndata by this website. %privacy_policy%\n\nAccept\n\n## Add to Collection\n\n * Public collection title\n\n * Private collection title\n\n### No Collections\n\nHere you'll find all collections you've created before.\n\n### Hey Friend! Before You Go...\n\nGet the best offers and deals straight into your inbox before everyone else!\n\nClose\n\n## Newsletter\n\nDon't miss out on the best offers and deals!\n\nClose\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://bitpay.com/pay-with-bitcoin",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190816120522/https://bitpay.com/pay-with-bitcoin",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Pay with Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash",
"passages": [
"Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash are secure currencies for the internet. You can pay without handing out sensitive financial information, and you don't need an account.",
"First you'll need a Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash wallet – an app that lets you receive, hold, and spend Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash.",
"We recommend the open source BitPay bitcoin wallet app. It's a great option for paying BitPay invoices because it dynamically calculates sufficient miner fees. It's also secure and easy to use.",
"Exchanges are available all over the world, allowing users to convert any currency into and out of Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. Every country and region is different, so you'll want to do some research before choosing an exchange.",
"For individuals in the United States, the BitPay app provides a simple integration with Coinbase allowing users to buy bitcoin directly from the app.",
"Exchanges and accounts do not send your bitcoin payments immediately, so they are not good for paying BitPay merchants. To use your Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash, withdraw your Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash from the exchange to a Payment Protocol compatible wallet before attempting to spend it.",
"To make a payment, you won't need to enter any sensitive card information. Instead, you'll simply send the payment from your wallet app.",
"Remember to send your payment during the 15-minute payment window. BitPay only guarantees the fixed BTC or BCH price for this time period. Do not send payments to expired invoices.",
"If your wallet is on a different mobile device, you can scan this code to open the payment in your wallet. Your wallet will lock in with the correct receiving Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash address and sending amount. Then make the payment.",
"If your wallet is on the device you're using to view the invoice, you can open the payment in your wallet by tapping here. Confirm everything is correct, and your wallet will make the payment.",
"Copy the payment URL from the invoice and paste it in your wallet's \"Send\" screen, check your payment details, and send the payment.",
"Miner fees are the cost your wallet pays for the computing power which confirms transactions on the Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash networks. Miner fees are not BitPay fees, and they cannot be refunded. These fees can be higher or lower depending on the number of transactions waiting to be confirmed on the Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash networks.",
"The Network Cost fee included in your invoice total covers the Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash miner fee cost of BitPay's transaction sweep for your payment. It is not included with refunds. Learn more about the reasons for this cost.",
"BitPay provides tools and reporting for merchants to view successful payments and manage their own refunds in Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash. If you would like a refund or need help in getting your order for a successful payment, please contact the merchant directly. They can initiate the refund process or help you get your purchase.",
"Remember that you will need to provide your BitPay invoice URL or your order ID for the merchant to assist you. Merchant refund policies differ, so please contact the merchant to discuss refund options."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Pay with Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash | BitPay Documentation\n\n * Business\n * Personal\n * Payments\n * Billing\n * Retail\n * BitPay Card\n * Wallet\n * Log In\n * Sign Up\n\n * Documentation\n * Home\n * Getting Started\n * Selling Online\n * Selling in Person\n * Banking & Settlements\n * Use Cases\n * Ecommerce\n * Retail\n * Cross-Border Billing\n * Donations\n * Development\n * Creating Invoices\n * Displaying Invoices\n * Invoice Callbacks\n * Invoice States\n * Testing\n * Rest API\n * Resources\n * What is Bitcoin?\n * How to Get Bitcoin\n * How to Secure Bitcoin\n * Brand Guide\n * Payment Button Guide\n * Wallet Comparison\n * How to Pay with Bitcoin\n * BitPay Exchange Rate\n * Integration Guides\n * Wallet Integrations\n * Payment Protocol\n\n# How to Pay with Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash\n\nBitcoin and Bitcoin Cash are secure currencies for the internet. You can pay\nwithout handing out sensitive financial information, and you don't need an\naccount.\n\nWatch our guide below to learn how to get started with blockchain payments to\nBitPay merchants.\n\n###\n\nGet a wallet\n\n1\n\nFirst you'll need a Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash wallet – an app that lets you\nreceive, hold, and spend Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash.\n\nYou can use any of these popular Payment Protocol compatible wallets to make\nsecure, successful payments to BitPay merchants.\n\nWe recommend the open source BitPay bitcoin wallet app. It's a great option\nfor paying BitPay invoices because it dynamically calculates sufficient miner\nfees. It's also secure and easy to use.\n\n###\n\nMove Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash into your spending wallet\n\n2\n\nIf you don't yet have Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash in your wallet yet, you'll need\nto buy some.\n\nExchanges are available all over the world, allowing users to convert any\ncurrency into and out of Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash. Every country and region is\ndifferent, so you'll want to do some research before choosing an exchange.\n\nFor individuals in the United States, the BitPay app provides a simple\nintegration with Coinbase allowing users to buy bitcoin directly from the app.\n\nExchanges and accounts do not send your bitcoin payments immediately, so they\nare not good for paying BitPay merchants. To use your Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash,\nwithdraw your Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash from the exchange to a Payment Protocol\ncompatible wallet before attempting to spend it.\n\n###\n\nMake a payment\n\n3\n\nMaking a blockchain payment is fast, convenient, and extremely secure.\n\nTo make a payment, you won't need to enter any sensitive card information.\nInstead, you'll simply send the payment from your wallet app.\n\nRemember to send your payment during the 15-minute payment window. BitPay only\nguarantees the fixed BTC or BCH price for this time period. Do not send\npayments to expired invoices.\n\nThere are several ways to pay a BitPay invoice from your wallet.\n\n#####\n\nScan the QR Code\n\nA\n\nIf your wallet is on a different mobile device, you can scan this code to open\nthe payment in your wallet. Your wallet will lock in with the correct\nreceiving Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash address and sending amount. Then make the\npayment.\n\n#####\n\nOpen in Wallet\n\nB\n\nIf your wallet is on the device you're using to view the invoice, you can open\nthe payment in your wallet by tapping here. Confirm everything is correct, and\nyour wallet will make the payment.\n\n#####\n\nSend the Payment Manually\n\nC\n\nCopy the payment URL from the invoice and paste it in your wallet's \"Send\"\nscreen, check your payment details, and send the payment.\n\n### Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash Miner Fees\n\nMiner fees are the cost your wallet pays for the computing power which\nconfirms transactions on the Bitcoin and Bitcoin Cash networks. Miner fees are\nnot BitPay fees, and they cannot be refunded. These fees can be higher or\nlower depending on the number of transactions waiting to be confirmed on the\nBitcoin or Bitcoin Cash networks.\n\n### Network Cost Fee\n\nThe Network Cost fee included in your invoice total covers the Bitcoin or\nBitcoin Cash miner fee cost of BitPay's transaction sweep for your payment. It\nis not included with refunds. Learn more about the reasons for this cost.\n\n### Refunds & Order Troubleshooting\n\nBitPay provides tools and reporting for merchants to view successful payments\nand manage their own refunds in Bitcoin or Bitcoin Cash. If you would like a\nrefund or need help in getting your order for a successful payment, please\ncontact the merchant directly. They can initiate the refund process or help\nyou get your purchase.\n\nRemember that you will need to provide your BitPay invoice URL or your order\nID for the merchant to assist you. Merchant refund policies differ, so please\ncontact the merchant to discuss refund options.\n\n * Documentation\n\n * Home\n * Getting Started\n * Selling Online\n * Selling in Person\n * Banking & Settlements\n * Use Cases\n\n * Ecommerce\n * Retail\n * Cross-Border Billing\n * Donations\n * Development\n\n * Creating Invoices\n * Displaying Invoices\n * Invoice Callbacks\n * Invoice States\n * Testing\n * Rest API\n * Resources\n\n * What is Bitcoin?\n * How to Get Bitcoin\n * How to Secure Bitcoin\n * Brand Guide\n * Payment Button Guide\n * Wallet Comparison\n * How to Pay with Bitcoin\n * BitPay Exchange Rate\n * Integration Guides\n\n * Wallet Integrations\n\n * Payment Protocol\n\n * Documentation\n * Help & Support\n * Exchange Rates\n\n * ###### Businesses\n\n * Blockchain Payments\n * Cross-Border Payments\n * Point-of-Sale App\n * Integrations\n * Pricing\n * Payouts\n * ###### Individuals\n\n * Pay with Bitcoin\n * BitPay Card\n * BitPay Card FAQs\n * BitPay Wallet\n * Payment Protocol\n * Fees for Individuals\n * ###### Developers\n\n * Developer Docs\n * Payment Buttons\n * Bitcore\n * Insight\n * Open Source\n * PGP Keys\n * ###### Company\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Press\n * Blog\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/31/bitcoin-atms-in-america-and-around-the-world.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201109031741/https://www.cnbc.com/2018/05/31/bitcoin-atms-in-america-and-around-the-world.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bitcoin ATMs in America and around the world",
"passages": [
"A bitcoin ATM manufacturer based in Prague says it has installed 10 new cryptocurrency-dispensing machines throughout the European city's subway system.",
"The company, General Bytes, posted a map on its website showing where the bitcoin ATMs are located in 10 different metro stops in the city of 1.3 million in the Czech Republic. The machines can be used to purchase bitcoin — currently trading at more than $7,500 per unit — as well as other digital currencies, according to the company's website.",
"And Prague isn't alone. There are bitcoin ATMs all over America, according to Coin ATM Radar, an online tool that tracks the machines.",
"Coin ATM Radar's tracking shows that the United States boasts the most bitcoin ATMs in the world by far, with 1,960 of them.",
"Los Angeles, where bitcoin ATMs reportedly date back to 2014, is the U.S. city with the most of the machines, with 250, according to Coin ATM Radar. There are also nearly 170 of the ATMs in Chicago and over 120 in both New York City and Atlanta. Washington, D.C. has more than 60 of the machines, and Texas- based company Coinsource is reportedly set to install 20 more machines in the nation's capital by the end of the year.",
"There are roughly 46 bitcoin ATMs in the Czech Republic, and more than 3,150 active located in 70 countries around the world, according to Coin ATM Radar.",
"The machines, which are made by a variety of different manufacturers, allow prospective cryptocurrency investors to buy their own digital currency on the spot by inserting cash to initiate a digital transaction that transfers the purchased bitcoin (or other cryptocurrency) via either a paper receipt or an online \"wallet,\" where digital currency can be safely stored. Also, some bitcoin ATMs support two-way transactions, which means you can even sell your bitcoin and have cash dispensed on the spot.",
"A two-minute tutorial video posted on the website of General Bytes, the second-largest producer of bitcoin ATMs, shows how a customer can insert cash into the machines to purchase bitcoin while scanning a QR code to choose the digital address where they want to receive the bitcoin. The company sells its bitcoin ATMs online, with models selling for as much as $9,499. General Bytes said in a press release in April 2018 that it had sold more than 1,500 bitcoin ATMs worldwide, though Coin ATM Radar puts the number at 850.",
"Meanwhile, bitcoin's price has rebounded somewhat recently, but the digital currency has still been a highly volatile investment for much of 2018, as its value is still more than 60 percent off its peak from December 2017.",
"Ashton Kutcher gave Ellen DeGeneres $4 million in cryptocurrency for her charity — here's what you need to know about Ripple's XRP"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bitcoin ATMs in America and around the world\n\nSkip Navigation\n\nSuccess\n\n * Start-ups\n * Side Hustles\n * Power Players\n * Young Success\n\nMoney\n\n * Earn\n * Spend\n * Save and Invest\n * Become Debt-Free\n\nWork\n\n * Land the Job\n * Get Ahead\n * Be the Boss\n * Science of Success\n\nLife\n\n * Food, Travel and Tech\n * Books and Culture\n * Health and Wellness\n * Live the Dream\n\nVideo\n\n * Most Popular\n * CNBC TV\n\nCNBC.COM\n\nClosing The GapCori Bush, Sarah McBride and others who made history in the\n2020 election\n\nCourtney Connley\n\nMillennial MoneyHow this 30-year-old making $95K a year bought a $252K home\nduring the pandemic\n\nTaylor Locke\n\nCNBC Select2 days left to earn the Chase Sapphire Preferred Card's huge\n80,000-point bonus\n\nAlexandria White\n\nEntrepreneurs\n\n# This city's subway system just got new bitcoin ATMs — and it's not alone\n\nPublished Thu, May 31 201811:25 AM EDTUpdated Thu, May 31 201811:25 AM EDT\n\nTom Huddleston Jr.\n\nAnthony Wallace/AFP | Getty Images\n\nA bitcoin ATM manufacturer based in Prague says it has installed 10 new\ncryptocurrency-dispensing machines throughout the European city's subway\nsystem.\n\nThe company, General Bytes, posted a map on its website showing where the\nbitcoin ATMs are located in 10 different metro stops in the city of 1.3\nmillion in the Czech Republic. The machines can be used to purchase bitcoin —\ncurrently trading at more than $7,500 per unit — as well as other digital\ncurrencies, according to the company's website.\n\nAnd Prague isn't alone. There are bitcoin ATMs all over America, according to\nCoin ATM Radar, an online tool that tracks the machines.\n\nCoin ATM Radar's tracking shows that the United States boasts the most bitcoin\nATMs in the world by far, with 1,960 of them.\n\nLos Angeles, where bitcoin ATMs reportedly date back to 2014, is the U.S. city\nwith the most of the machines, with 250, according to Coin ATM Radar. There\nare also nearly 170 of the ATMs in Chicago and over 120 in both New York City\nand Atlanta. Washington, D.C. has more than 60 of the machines, and Texas-\nbased company Coinsource is reportedly set to install 20 more machines in the\nnation's capital by the end of the year.\n\nCanada comes in second as a nation, with 540 crypto ATMS.\n\nVIDEO0:5900:59\n\nNFL star Richard Sherman had to talk his grandma out of buying bitcoin\n\nMake It\n\nThere are roughly 46 bitcoin ATMs in the Czech Republic, and more than 3,150\nactive located in 70 countries around the world, according to Coin ATM Radar.\n\nThe machines, which are made by a variety of different manufacturers, allow\nprospective cryptocurrency investors to buy their own digital currency on the\nspot by inserting cash to initiate a digital transaction that transfers the\npurchased bitcoin (or other cryptocurrency) via either a paper receipt or an\nonline \"wallet,\" where digital currency can be safely stored. Also, some\nbitcoin ATMs support two-way transactions, which means you can even sell your\nbitcoin and have cash dispensed on the spot.\n\nA two-minute tutorial video posted on the website of General Bytes, the\nsecond-largest producer of bitcoin ATMs, shows how a customer can insert cash\ninto the machines to purchase bitcoin while scanning a QR code to choose the\ndigital address where they want to receive the bitcoin. The company sells its\nbitcoin ATMs online, with models selling for as much as $9,499. General Bytes\nsaid in a press release in April 2018 that it had sold more than 1,500 bitcoin\nATMs worldwide, though Coin ATM Radar puts the number at 850.\n\nU.S.-based Genesis Coin has installed its own bitcoin ATMs in 1,065 locations.\n\nMeanwhile, bitcoin's price has rebounded somewhat recently, but the digital\ncurrency has still been a highly volatile investment for much of 2018, as its\nvalue is still more than 60 percent off its peak from December 2017.\n\nDon't miss:\n\nEx-NFL star Ricky Williams studies astrology – and it's telling him to invest\nin Bitcoin\n\nAshton Kutcher gave Ellen DeGeneres $4 million in cryptocurrency for her\ncharity — here's what you need to know about Ripple's XRP\n\nLike this story? Like CNBC Make It on Facebook!\n\nVIDEO1:0701:07\n\nThis guy bought a Lamborghini with bitcoin\n\nMake It\n\n#### Stay in the loop\n\nGet Make It newsletters delivered to your inbox\n\nSign Up\n\n#### About Us\n\nLearn more about the world of CNBC Make It\n\nLearn More\n\n#### Follow Us\n\nCNBC.COM\n\n© 2020 CNBC LLC. All Rights Reserved. A Division of NBC Universal\n\nPrivacy PolicyDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\nCA NoticeTerms of ServiceContact\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://blockgeeks.com/guides/what-is-bitcoin/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511040335/https://blockgeeks.com/guides/what-is-bitcoin/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What is Bitcoin? [The Most Comprehensive Step-by-Step Guide] Updated!",
"passages": [
"Definition: Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a form of electronic money. It is a decentralized digital currency without is independent of banks and can be sent from user to user on the peer-to-peer bitcoin blockchain network without the need for intermediaries.",
"If you want to know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it, and how it can help you, without floundering into technical details, this guide is for you. It will explain how the system works, how you can use it for your profit, which scams to avoid. It will also direct you to resources that will help you store and use your first pieces of digital currency. If you are looking for something even more in detail please check out our blockchain courses on bitcoin.",
"Small wonder that Bitcoin emerged in 2008 just after Occupy Wall Street accused big banks of misusing borrowers’ money, duping clients, rigging the system, and charging boggling fees. Bitcoin pioneers wanted to put the seller in charge, eliminate the middleman, cancel interest fees, and make transactions transparent, to hack corruption, create organic network value, and cut fees. They created a decentralized system, where you could control your money and know what was going on without depending on banks.",
"Bitcoin has come far in a relatively short time. All over the world, companies, from REEDS Jewelers, a large jewelry chain in the US, to a private hospital in Warsaw, Poland, accept its currency. Billion dollar businesses such as Dell, Expedia, PayPal, and Microsoft do, too. Websites promote it, publications such as Bitcoin Magazine publish its news and price actions, forums discuss cryptocurrency and trade its coins. It has its application programming interface (API), price index, and exchange rate.",
"Problems include thieves hacking accounts, high volatility, and transaction delays. On the other hand, people in third world countries may find Bitcoin their most reliable channel yet for giving or receiving money.",
"February 7, 2014: Mt. Gox gets hacked. This was one of the worst hacks ever which lead to a drop in price.",
"September 2018: Cryptocurrency value collapses 80% from their peak in January 2018, making the 2018 cryptocurrency bearish run worse than the Dot-com bubble’s 78% collapse.",
"At its simplest, Bitcoin is either virtual currency or reference to the technology. You can make transactions by check, wiring, or cash. You can also use Bitcoin (or BTC), where you refer the purchaser to your signature, which is a long line of security code encrypted with 16 distinct symbols. The purchaser decodes the code with his smartphone to get your cryptocurrency. Put another way; cryptocurrency is an exchange of digital information that allows you to buy or sell goods and services. The transaction gains its security and trust by running on a peer-to-peer computer network that is similar to Skype, or BitTorrent, a file-sharing system. Satoshi Nakamoto leveraged blockchain technology to allow bitcoin to gain decentralization, complete transparency, and immutability.",
"1.) Irreversible: After confirmation, a transaction can‘t be reversed. By nobody. And nobody means nobody. Not you, not your banks, not the president of the US, not Satoshi, not your miner. Nobody. If you send money, you send it. Period. No one can help you, if you sent your funds to a scammer or if a hacker stole them from your computer. There is no safety net.",
"2.) Pseudonymous: Neither transactions or accounts are connected to real-world identities. You receive Bitcoins on so-called addresses, which are randomly seeming chains of around 30 characters. While it is usually possible to analyze the transaction flow, it is not necessarily possible to connect the real-world identity of users with those addresses.",
"3.) Fast and global: Transaction is propagated nearly instantly in the network and are confirmed in a couple of minutes. Since they happen in a global network of computers they are completely indifferent to your physical location. It doesn‘t matter if I send Bitcoin to my neighbor or to someone on the other side of the world.",
"4.) Secure: Bitcoin funds are locked in a public key cryptography system. Only the owner of the private key can send cryptocurrency. Strong cryptographic technology and the magic of big numbers make it impossible to break this scheme. A Bitcoin address is more secure than Fort Knox.",
"5.) Permissionless: You don‘t have to ask anybody to use cryptocurrency. It‘s just a software that everybody can download for free. After you installed it, you can receive and send Bitcoins or other cryptocurrencies. No one can prevent you from transacting with your own money. There is no gatekeeper.",
"The creator of bitcoin figured out a way to let two entities confidently trade directly with one another, without the need to rely on all these intermediaries. The key is mathematics. As long as we both trust in math, we can be confident the exchange to occur as expected.",
"Bitcoin uses public key cryptography and an innovative approach to bookkeeping to achieve the authorization, balance verification, prohibition on double spending, delivery of assets and record inalterability described above. And it happens in near real time at no cost.",
"Cryptography ensures authorization. You need a private key to transact. And your key is complex enough that it would take the best computer longer than the earth has existed to crack it. In other words, it’s essentially unhackable.",
"A cryptocurrency exchange where you can exchange ‘regular’ coins for bitcoins, or for satoshis, which are like the BTC-type of cents. Resources: Coinbase and Coinsquare in the US & Canada, and BitBargain UK and Bittylicious in the UK.",
"A Bitcoin ATM (or cryptocurrency exchange) where you can change bitcoins or cash for another cryptocurrency. Resources: Your best bets are BTER and CoinCorner",
"A classified service where you can find a seller who will help you trade bitcoins for cash. Resources: The definitive site is LocalBitcoins.",
"Caution! Bitcoin is notorious for scams, so before using any service look for reviews from previous customers or post your questions on the Bitcoin forum.",
"Without getting into the technical details, Bitcoin works on a vast public ledger, also called a blockchain, where all confirmed transactions are included as so-called ‘blocks.’ As each block enters the system, it is broadcast to the peer-to-peer computer network of users for validation. In this way, all users are aware of each transaction, which prevents stealing and double-spending, where someone spends the same currency twice. The process also helps blockchain users trust the system.",
"“Unlike traditional currencies, which are issued by central banks, Bitcoin has no central monetary authority. Instead it is underpinned by a peer-to- peer computer network made up of its users’ machines, akin to the networks that underpin BitTorrent, a file-sharing system, and Skype, an audio, video and chat service. Bitcoins are mathematically generated as the computers in this network execute difficult number-crunching tasks, a procedure known as Bitcoin “mining”. The mathematics of the Bitcoin system were set up so that it becomes progressively more difficult to “mine” Bitcoins over time, and the total number that can ever be mined is limited to around 21 million. There is therefore no way for a central bank to issue a flood of new Bitcoins and devalue those already in circulation.”",
"To see how the system works, imagine someone called Alice who’s trying out Bitcoins. She’d sign up for a cryptocurrency wallet to put her bitcoins in.",
"Full client – This is like a standalone email server that handles all aspects of the process without relying on third-party servers. Alice would control her whole transaction from beginning to end by herself. Understandably, this is not for beginners.",
"Lightweight client – This is a standalone email client that connects to a mail server for access to a mailbox. It would store Alice’s bitcoins, but it needs a third-party-owned server to access the network and make the transaction.",
"Web client – This is the opposite of “full client” and resembles webmail in that it totally relies on a third-party server. The third party replaces Alice and operates her entire transaction.",
"You’ll find wallet technology that comes in five main types: Desktop, mobile, web, paper and hardware. Each of these have its advantages and disadvantages.",
"Here’s the funny thing with Bitcoins: there are no physical traces of them as of dollars. All you have are only records of transactions between different addresses, with balances that increase and decrease in their records that are stored on the blockchain.",
"Alice wants to use her Bitcoin to buy pizza from Bob. She’ll send the bitcoin to Bob’s public address, which is like his bitcoin bank account. She signs off the transaction with her private key to verify that she is indeed the sender of the digital currency. Once the miners have verified the validity of her transaction, the bitcoin get sent to Bob’s public address. Bob can now unlock the bitcoin with her private key. At the same time, Alice’s transaction is broadcast to all the other network participants (called “nodes”) on the bitcoin blockchain and, approximately, ten minutes later, is confirmed, through a process of certain technical and business rules called “mining.” This “mining” process gives Bob a score to know whether or not to proceed with Alice’s transaction.",
"Mining, or processing, keep the Bitcoin process secure by chronologically adding new transactions (or blocks) to the chain and keeping them in the queue. Blocks are chopped off as each transaction is finalized, codes decoded, and bitcoins passed or exchanged.",
"Miners can also generate new bitcoins by using special software technology to solve cryptographic problems. This provides a smart way to issue the currency and also provides an incentive for people to mine.",
"The reward is agreed-upon by everyone in the network but is generally 12.5 bitcoins as well as the fees paid by users sending transactions. To prevent inflation and to keep the system manageable, there can be no more than a fixed total number of 21 million bitcoins (or BTCs) in circulation by the year 2040, so the “puzzle” gets increasingly harder to solve.",
"It’s extremely difficult to do. Miners often need to spend a lot of money and computing power to successfully mine a Bitcoin. In fact, mining is now so difficult to do that it is impossible for a lone miner to do it on their own. This is why miners often join forces to create mining pools.",
"Difficulty is directly proportional to network hashrate. Hashrate is a value that calculates the rate in which miners are executing operations within the ecosystem. Higher the network hashrate, higher the speed and security of the network.",
"When bitcoin hashrate increases, the difficulty increases as well to keep mining under control and maintain a consistent bitcoin block time of 10 mins.",
"As you’d do with a regular wallet, only store small amounts of bitcoins on your computer, mobile, or server for everyday uses, and keep the remaining part of your funds in a safer environment.",
"Backup your wallet on a regular basis and encrypt your wallet or smartphone with a strong password to protect it from thieves (although, unfortunately, not against keylogging hardware or software).",
"Store some of your bitcoins in an offline bitcoin wallet disconnected from your network for added security. Think of them as your bank accounts, while you, generally, keep only some of your money in your wallet.",
"Update your bitcoin software. For added protection, use Bitcoins’ multi-signature feature that allows a transaction to require multiple independent approvals to be spent.",
"Nano Ledger X is just as secure as the other two hardware wallets. It is popular because of its relatively low price of $65 compared to its competitors. Being smaller than KeepKey, it is more portable and easier to carry around. It is a hardware wallet that comes at a very competitive price and is backed by top-class technology.",
"The chart above is a candlestick representation of Bitcoin’s price over the months. Pay attention to the last eight candlesticks. From August 2018 to January 2019, Bitcoin has had six consecutive red candlesticks. What this shows is that for those six months, Bitcoin has been in loss. However, the two latest months are green, in other words, they were profitable months.",
"The least total amount of transaction fees was collected on 21st April, which also saw the second-highest number of transactions!",
"Till now we have total transaction fees collected and the total number of transactions executed. Now, we can use these two to find out how much was the average daily transaction fees. The formula is simple:",
"21st April has the least daily average transaction fees with 0.00012 BTC, despite having the second-highest number of transactions in our dataset.",
"Upon further calculation, we discovered that the average transaction fees for the last 10 days were 0.00022 BTC or $1.13.",
"We can use a simple formula to calculate the average value of each transaction: Total BTC sent that day/Total number of transactions.",
"We can infer that for a transaction worth $2002 we only need to send $1.13 in transaction fees. So transaction fees in our data set are 0.56%.",
"The graph above shows how many addresses own a particular range of Bitcoins. There are only five addresses that own more than 100,000 BTC. 98 addresses own 10,000-100,000 Bitcoins. A huge chunk of the addresses (45.5%) either own 0.0001-0.001BTC or 0.001-0.01 BTC",
"Protect your address: Although your user identity behind your address remains anonymous, Bitcoin is the most public form of transaction with anyone on the network seeing your balances and log of transactions. This is one reason why you should change Bitcoin addresses with each transaction and safeguard your address. You can also use multiple wallets for different purposes so that your balance and transaction history remain private from those who send you money.",
"Your confirmation score: As said, you receive a confirmation score of about 10 minutes before you make your purchase. Different wallets have their own reading.",
"In the beginning, a lot of people were skeptical about bitcoin since nobody knows the identity of its founder- Satoshi Nakamoto. In fact, we don’t even know if Satoshi Nakamoto is a man, woman, or a group of people.",
"Regarding more practical concerns, hacking and scams are the norms. They happen at least once a week and are getting more sophisticated. Bitcoin’s software complexity and the volatility of its currency dissuade many people from using its payment system, while its transactions can be frustratingly slow. You’ll have to wait at least ten minutes for your network to approve the transaction. Recently, some Reddit users reported waiting more than one hour for their transactions to be confirmed.",
"Ponzi Scams: Ponzi scams, or high-yield investment programs, hook you with higher interest than the prevailing market rate (e.g. 1-2% interest per day) while redirecting your money to the thief’s wallet. They also tend to duck and emerge under different names in order to protect themselves. Keep away from companies that give you Bitcoin addresses for incoming payments rather than the common payment processors such as BitPay or Coinbase.",
"Bitcoin Mining Scams: These companies will offer to mine outrageous amounts of bitcoin for you. You’ll have to pay them. That’s the last you’ll see of your money (with no bitcoins to show for it, either).",
"Bitcoin Exchange Scams: Bitcoin Exchange Scams offer features that the typical bitcoin wallets don’t offer, such as PayPal/Credit Card processing, or better exchange rates. Needless to say, these scams leave you in the hang while they siphon your dollars.",
"Bitcoin Wallet Scams: Bitcoin scam wallets are similar to online wallets – with a difference. They’ll ask you for your money. If robbers like the amount, that’s the last you’ll see of your deposit. The address, in other words, leads to them, rather than to you.",
"The best thing about Bitcoin is that it is decentralized, which means that you have a payment system that can settle international deals without messing around with exchange rates and extra charges. Plus, you don’t need to go through a third party like a bank to conduct your transactions. Bitcoin is free from government interference and manipulation, so there’s no Federal Reserve System to hike interest rates. It is also transparent, so you know what is happening with your money. You can start accepting bitcoins instantly, without investing money and energy into details, such as setting up a merchant account or buying credit card processing hardware. Bitcoins cannot be forged, nor can your client demand a refund.",
"It’s a small wonder that users call Bitcoin “Money 2.0” or that Bill Gates called it “a techno tour de force.”",
"“We have elected to put our money and faith in a mathematical framework that is free of politics and human error.”",
"While Bitcoin is THE big coin in the crypto space, it does have some shortcomings when it comes to scalability and privacy. This is why many projects have simply forked off the main bitcoin protocol to create their own currencies. Some of the more well-known bitcoin forks are:",
"Bitcoin Cash: A fork of the bitcoin protocol that has an 8 MB block size as opposed to 1 MB.",
"Here are various resources that will direct you to best places for finding wallets, stores that accept bitcoins, exchanges for trading Bitcoin, and Bitcoin news, prices, charts, guides, and analysis among other information.",
"Bitcoin has been through several obstacles recently with the Bitcoin Cash fork and SegWit implementation. Bitcoin, over the last 11 years, has truly disrupted the world’s economy and financial systems by providing a payment system that is ahead of its time. The idea of you being your own bank and owning your own bank account as opposed to storing your money in third party financial institution or payment processor is revolutionary. Having said that, this is just the beginning. The Bitcoin revolution still has a lot of miles to go. It is going to super exciting to see where we are going to go on from here.",
"Blockchain.info – Blockchain info is the go-to place for checking transactions on the ledger. You can check how much money your wallet contains, or, for that matter, how much BTC is stored at any particular wallet address.",
"Have questions? We have built an incredible community of blockchain enthusiasts from every corner of the industry. If you have questions, we have answers! Ask community",
"A: Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a form of electronic cash. It is a decentralized digital currency without a central bank or single administrator that can be sent from user to user on the peer-to-peer bitcoin blockchain network without the need for intermediaries. It is powered through blockchain technology.",
"A: Bitcoin was created by an anonymous group or person, that goes by the pseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin is an open source software.",
"A: Bitcoin is not a fiat currency and does not have ties to any government. It is a cryptocurrency and can be used as payment or for investing purposes. Many mainstream companies and even some governments accept Bitcoin as payment.",
"Join our community and get access to over 50 free video lessons, workshops, and guides like this! No credit card needed!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "What is Bitcoin? [The Most Comprehensive Step-by-Step Guide] Updated!\n\n * Courses\n\n * Learning Tracks\n * Pricing Plans\n * Certificates of Completion\n * My Courses\n * Course Library\n * Investor Course\n * Guides\n\n * Cryptocurrency 101\n * How to Invest in Cryptocurrency\n * Ethereum 101\n * DeFi 101\n * Blockchain 101\n * Bitcoin 101\n * Infographics\n * Videos\n * Crypto Investment School\n * News\n * Community\n\n * Ask Blockchain Community\n * Partners Directory\n * Advertise with us\n * About\n\n * Contact us\n\nLogin Free Trial\n\nLogin\n\nContent\n\n## Navigation\n\n * Beginners\n * Bitcoin\n * Blockchain 101\n * Blockchain for Business\n * Blockchain for Investors\n\n# What is Bitcoin? [The Most Comprehensive Step-by-Step Guide]\n\nAuthor\n\nAmeer Rosic\n\nBack to Guides\n\nEN\n\nAR\n\nZH\n\nDE\n\nKO\n\nFA\n\nPT\n\nRU\n\nES\n\nTR\n\nTweet8\n\nShare907\n\nShare395\n\nWhatsApp\n\nWhat is Bitcoin and how does it work?\n\nDefinition: Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a form of electronic money. It is a\ndecentralized digital currency without is independent of banks and can be sent\nfrom user to user on the peer-to-peer bitcoin blockchain network without the\nneed for intermediaries.\n\nUpdated April 2019\n\nIf you want to know what is Bitcoin, how you can get it, and how it can help\nyou, without floundering into technical details, this guide is for you. It\nwill explain how the system works, how you can use it for your profit, which\nscams to avoid. It will also direct you to resources that will help you store\nand use your first pieces of digital currency. If you are looking for\nsomething even more in detail please check out our blockchain courses on\nbitcoin.\n\n## What is a Bitcoin and how does it work?\n\nSmall wonder that Bitcoin emerged in 2008 just after Occupy Wall Street\naccused big banks of misusing borrowers’ money, duping clients, rigging the\nsystem, and charging boggling fees. Bitcoin pioneers wanted to put the seller\nin charge, eliminate the middleman, cancel interest fees, and make\ntransactions transparent, to hack corruption, create organic network value,\nand cut fees. They created a decentralized system, where you could control\nyour money and know what was going on without depending on banks.\n\nBitcoin has come far in a relatively short time. All over the world,\ncompanies, from REEDS Jewelers, a large jewelry chain in the US, to a private\nhospital in Warsaw, Poland, accept its currency. Billion dollar businesses\nsuch as Dell, Expedia, PayPal, and Microsoft do, too. Websites promote it,\npublications such as Bitcoin Magazine publish its news and price actions,\nforums discuss cryptocurrency and trade its coins. It has its application\nprogramming interface (API), price index, and exchange rate.\n\nProblems include thieves hacking accounts, high volatility, and transaction\ndelays. On the other hand, people in third world countries may find Bitcoin\ntheir most reliable channel yet for giving or receiving money.\n\n## Key Metrics:\n\n### Key Highlights\n\n * October 31, 2008: Bitcoin whitepaper published by the anonymous Satoshi Nakamoto.\n * January 3, 2009: The Genesis Block or block number one is mined.\n * January 12, 2009: The first Bitcoin transaction.\n * December 16, 2009: Version 0.2 is released.\n * November 6, 2010: Market cap value exceeds $1 million USD.\n * October 2011: Bitcoin forks for the first time to create Litecoin.\n * June 3, 2012: Block 181919 created with 1322 transactions. It is the largest block to-date.\n * June 2012: Coinbase launches.\n * September 27, 2012: Bitcoin Foundation is formed.\n * 4th December 2013: Price reaches a high of $1,079.\n * 7th December 2013: Price falls to around $760.\n * February 7, 2014: Mt. Gox gets hacked. This was one of the worst hacks ever which lead to a drop in price.\n * June 2015: BitLicense gets established. This is one of the most significant cryptocurrency regulations.\n * August 1, 2017: Bitcoin forks again to form Bitcoin Cash.\n * August 23, 2017: SegWit gets activated.\n * September 2017: China bans BTC trading.\n * December 2017: First bitcoin futures contracts were launched by CBOE Global Markets (CBOE) and the Chicago Mercantile Exchange (CME).\n * December 2017: Bitcoin price reaches its all-time high.\n * January 2018: Price drops as a result of the 2018 cryptocurrency market crash.\n * September 2018: Cryptocurrency value collapses 80% from their peak in January 2018, making the 2018 cryptocurrency bearish run worse than the Dot-com bubble’s 78% collapse.\n * November 15, 2018: Bitcoin’s market cap value fell below $100 billion for the first time since October 2017.\n * October 31, 2018: 10-year anniversary of Bitcoin\n * May 11, 2020: 3rd Bitcoin halving\n\n## Understanding Bitcoin – What is Bitcoin in-depth?\n\n## Understanding Bitcoin – What is Bitcoin in-depth?\n\nAt its simplest, Bitcoin is either virtual currency or reference to the\ntechnology. You can make transactions by check, wiring, or cash. You can also\nuse Bitcoin (or BTC), where you refer the purchaser to your signature, which\nis a long line of security code encrypted with 16 distinct symbols. The\npurchaser decodes the code with his smartphone to get your cryptocurrency. Put\nanother way; cryptocurrency is an exchange of digital information that allows\nyou to buy or sell goods and services. The transaction gains its security and\ntrust by running on a peer-to-peer computer network that is similar to Skype,\nor BitTorrent, a file-sharing system. Satoshi Nakamoto leveraged blockchain\ntechnology to allow bitcoin to gain decentralization, complete transparency,\nand immutability.\n\n## Bitcoin Transactional properties:\n\n1.) Irreversible: After confirmation, a transaction can‘t be reversed. By\nnobody. And nobody means nobody. Not you, not your banks, not the president of\nthe US, not Satoshi, not your miner. Nobody. If you send money, you send it.\nPeriod. No one can help you, if you sent your funds to a scammer or if a\nhacker stole them from your computer. There is no safety net.\n\n2.) Pseudonymous: Neither transactions or accounts are connected to real-world\nidentities. You receive Bitcoins on so-called addresses, which are randomly\nseeming chains of around 30 characters. While it is usually possible to\nanalyze the transaction flow, it is not necessarily possible to connect the\nreal-world identity of users with those addresses.\n\n3.) Fast and global: Transaction is propagated nearly instantly in the network\nand are confirmed in a couple of minutes. Since they happen in a global\nnetwork of computers they are completely indifferent to your physical\nlocation. It doesn‘t matter if I send Bitcoin to my neighbor or to someone on\nthe other side of the world.\n\n4.) Secure: Bitcoin funds are locked in a public key cryptography system. Only\nthe owner of the private key can send cryptocurrency. Strong cryptographic\ntechnology and the magic of big numbers make it impossible to break this\nscheme. A Bitcoin address is more secure than Fort Knox.\n\n5.) Permissionless: You don‘t have to ask anybody to use cryptocurrency. It‘s\njust a software that everybody can download for free. After you installed it,\nyou can receive and send Bitcoins or other cryptocurrencies. No one can\nprevent you from transacting with your own money. There is no gatekeeper.\n\n> The creator of bitcoin figured out a way to let two entities confidently\n> trade directly with one another, without the need to rely on all these\n> intermediaries. The key is mathematics. As long as we both trust in math, we\n> can be confident the exchange to occur as expected.\n>\n> Bitcoin uses public key cryptography and an innovative approach to\n> bookkeeping to achieve the authorization, balance verification, prohibition\n> on double spending, delivery of assets and record inalterability described\n> above. And it happens in near real time at no cost.\n>\n> Cryptography ensures authorization. You need a private key to transact. And\n> your key is complex enough that it would take the best computer longer than\n> the earth has existed to crack it. In other words, it’s essentially\n> unhackable.\n>\n> – Director of Communications at Overstock.com and Chief Evangelist at t0.com\n\n## Where can I find Bitcoins?\n\nFirst, we would recommend you read this in-depth guide for buying Bitcoin.\n\nYou can get your first bitcoins from any of these four places.\n\n * A cryptocurrency exchange where you can exchange ‘regular’ coins for bitcoins, or for satoshis, which are like the BTC-type of cents. Resources: Coinbase and Coinsquare in the US & Canada, and BitBargain UK and Bittylicious in the UK.\n * A Bitcoin ATM (or cryptocurrency exchange) where you can change bitcoins or cash for another cryptocurrency. Resources: Your best bets are BTER and CoinCorner\n * A classified service where you can find a seller who will help you trade bitcoins for cash. Resources: The definitive site is LocalBitcoins.\n * You could sell a product or service for bitcoins. Resources: Sites like Purse.\n\nCaution! Bitcoin is notorious for scams, so before using any service look for\nreviews from previous customers or post your questions on the Bitcoin forum.\n\n## How does Bitcoin work?\n\nWithout getting into the technical details, Bitcoin works on a vast public\nledger, also called a blockchain, where all confirmed transactions are\nincluded as so-called ‘blocks.’ As each block enters the system, it is\nbroadcast to the peer-to-peer computer network of users for validation. In\nthis way, all users are aware of each transaction, which prevents stealing and\ndouble-spending, where someone spends the same currency twice. The process\nalso helps blockchain users trust the system.\n\n> “Unlike traditional currencies, which are issued by central banks, Bitcoin\n> has no central monetary authority. Instead it is underpinned by a peer-to-\n> peer computer network made up of its users’ machines, akin to the networks\n> that underpin BitTorrent, a file-sharing system, and Skype, an audio, video\n> and chat service. Bitcoins are mathematically generated as the computers in\n> this network execute difficult number-crunching tasks, a procedure known as\n> Bitcoin “mining”. The mathematics of the Bitcoin system were set up so that\n> it becomes progressively more difficult to “mine” Bitcoins over time, and\n> the total number that can ever be mined is limited to around 21 million.\n> There is therefore no way for a central bank to issue a flood of new\n> Bitcoins and devalue those already in circulation.”\n\n## Is Bitcoin safe and legal?\n\nTo see how the system works, imagine someone called Alice who’s trying out\nBitcoins. She’d sign up for a cryptocurrency wallet to put her bitcoins in.\n\nThe Bitcoin Wallets\n\nThere are three different applications that Alice could use.\n\n * Full client – This is like a standalone email server that handles all aspects of the process without relying on third-party servers. Alice would control her whole transaction from beginning to end by herself. Understandably, this is not for beginners.\n * Lightweight client – This is a standalone email client that connects to a mail server for access to a mailbox. It would store Alice’s bitcoins, but it needs a third-party-owned server to access the network and make the transaction.\n * Web client – This is the opposite of “full client” and resembles webmail in that it totally relies on a third-party server. The third party replaces Alice and operates her entire transaction.\n\nYou’ll find wallet technology that comes in five main types: Desktop, mobile,\nweb, paper and hardware. Each of these have its advantages and disadvantages.\n\nBonus: The Most Comprehensive Digital Wallet Guide: Step-by-Step Examples\n\n## How do I buy and sell stuff with Bitcoins?\n\nHere’s the funny thing with Bitcoins: there are no physical traces of them as\nof dollars. All you have are only records of transactions between different\naddresses, with balances that increase and decrease in their records that are\nstored on the blockchain.\n\nTo see how the process works, let’s return to Alice.\n\nExample of a Bitcoin transaction\n\nAlice wants to use her Bitcoin to buy pizza from Bob. She’ll send the bitcoin\nto Bob’s public address, which is like his bitcoin bank account. She signs off\nthe transaction with her private key to verify that she is indeed the sender\nof the digital currency. Once the miners have verified the validity of her\ntransaction, the bitcoin get sent to Bob’s public address. Bob can now unlock\nthe bitcoin with her private key. At the same time, Alice’s transaction is\nbroadcast to all the other network participants (called “nodes”) on the\nbitcoin blockchain and, approximately, ten minutes later, is confirmed,\nthrough a process of certain technical and business rules called “mining.”\nThis “mining” process gives Bob a score to know whether or not to proceed with\nAlice’s transaction.\n\n## What is Bitcoin Mining?\n\nMining, or processing, keep the Bitcoin process secure by chronologically\nadding new transactions (or blocks) to the chain and keeping them in the\nqueue. Blocks are chopped off as each transaction is finalized, codes decoded,\nand bitcoins passed or exchanged.\n\nMiners can also generate new bitcoins by using special software technology to\nsolve cryptographic problems. This provides a smart way to issue the currency\nand also provides an incentive for people to mine.\n\nThe reward is agreed-upon by everyone in the network but is generally 12.5\nbitcoins as well as the fees paid by users sending transactions. To prevent\ninflation and to keep the system manageable, there can be no more than a fixed\ntotal number of 21 million bitcoins (or BTCs) in circulation by the year 2040,\nso the “puzzle” gets increasingly harder to solve.\n\nSo to summarize the Bitcoin mining process:\n\n * Bitcoin miners are nodes in the Bitcoin network that possess specialized software technology called ASICs.\n * The Bitcoin miners constantly solve cryptographically hard puzzles.\n * If successful, they get to add a block to the Bitcoin blockchain and get a reward, in return.\n * Currently, the bitcoin block reward is around 12.5 BTC.\n\nThere are a few more key things to remember about bitcoin mining or proof-of-\nwork are as follows:\n\n * It’s extremely difficult to do. Miners often need to spend a lot of money and computing power to successfully mine a Bitcoin. In fact, mining is now so difficult to do that it is impossible for a lone miner to do it on their own. This is why miners often join forces to create mining pools.\n * The metric which defines the degree of toughness of mining is known as “difficulty.”\n * Difficulty is directly proportional to network hashrate. Hashrate is a value that calculates the rate in which miners are executing operations within the ecosystem. Higher the network hashrate, higher the speed and security of the network.\n * When bitcoin hashrate increases, the difficulty increases as well to keep mining under control and maintain a consistent bitcoin block time of 10 mins.\n\n## What do I need to know to protect my Bitcoins?\n\nHere are four pieces of advice that will help your bitcoins go further.\n\nAs you’d do with a regular wallet, only store small amounts of bitcoins on\nyour computer, mobile, or server for everyday uses, and keep the remaining\npart of your funds in a safer environment.\n\n * Backup your wallet on a regular basis and encrypt your wallet or smartphone with a strong password to protect it from thieves (although, unfortunately, not against keylogging hardware or software).\n * Store some of your bitcoins in an offline bitcoin wallet disconnected from your network for added security. Think of them as your bank accounts, while you, generally, keep only some of your money in your wallet.\n * Don’t store your cryptocurrency in bitcoin exchanges or any third-party storage place for that matter.\n * Update your bitcoin software. For added protection, use Bitcoins’ multi-signature feature that allows a transaction to require multiple independent approvals to be spent.\n\nSpending some time on these steps can save you money.\n\nWe recommend the Nano Ledger S – Hardware Wallet\n\nNano Ledger X is just as secure as the other two hardware wallets. It is\npopular because of its relatively low price of $65 compared to its\ncompetitors. Being smaller than KeepKey, it is more portable and easier to\ncarry around. It is a hardware wallet that comes at a very competitive price\nand is backed by top-class technology.\n\n## Important Bitcoin Charts\n\n### Bitcoin Performance over the months\n\nThe chart above is a candlestick representation of Bitcoin’s price over the\nmonths. Pay attention to the last eight candlesticks. From August 2018 to\nJanuary 2019, Bitcoin has had six consecutive red candlesticks. What this\nshows is that for those six months, Bitcoin has been in loss. However, the two\nlatest months are green, in other words, they were profitable months.\n\n### Total Transaction fees collected in the last ten 10 days\n\n24th April saw the most transaction fees collected with 131 BTC given away as\ntransaction fees.\n\n### Total transactions conducted in the last 10 days\n\nWhen it comes to the total number of transactions sent per day, we can make\nsome interesting observations:\n\n * Total daily transactions fluctuate between 300,000 – 400,000.\n * 24th April saw the most transactions in our data set with 404,279.\n * 23rd April saw the least amount of transactions in our data set with 311,753.\n * In our data set, 24th April saw the most number of transactions and most transaction fees collected.\n * Interestingly, 23rd April didn’t coincide with the least number of transaction fees collected.\n * The least total amount of transaction fees was collected on 21st April, which also saw the second-highest number of transactions!\n\n### Average daily transaction fees for the last 10 days\n\nTill now we have total transaction fees collected and the total number of\ntransactions executed. Now, we can use these two to find out how much was the\naverage daily transaction fees. The formula is simple:\n\nAverage transaction fees = Total transaction fees collected / Total number of\ntransactions.\n\n * 24th April has the highest daily average transaction fees with 0.00032 BTC.\n * 21st April has the least daily average transaction fees with 0.00012 BTC, despite having the second-highest number of transactions in our dataset.\n * Upon further calculation, we discovered that the average transaction fees for the last 10 days were 0.00022 BTC or $1.13.\n\n### Total daily transaction value sent over the last 10 days\n\n * Right off the bat, 24th April sticks out yet again. On that day, 279,421 BTC was transferred.\n * 21st April saw the least number Bitcoins transferred with 65,431 BTC.\n * Only on 20th and 21st April was less than 100,000 BTC transferred.\n * Over the last 10 days, the average amount of BTC sent daily was 140,488 BTC.\n\n### The average value of each transaction\n\nWe can use a simple formula to calculate the average value of each\ntransaction: Total BTC sent that day/Total number of transactions.\n\n * On 24th April, the average value of each transaction sent was the highest at 0.473 BTC.\n * 21st April had the least with 0.167 BTC.\n * 17th and 23rd April also saw high values with 0.473 BTC and 0.477 BTC respectively.\n * If we take an average of all these values, then we get, 0.387 BTC or $2002.\n * We can infer that for a transaction worth $2002 we only need to send $1.13 in transaction fees. So transaction fees in our data set are 0.56%.\n * For that same transaction, PayPal would have charged you $58.30 (calculated via salecalc).\n\nBitcoin Distribution\n\nThe graph above shows how many addresses own a particular range of Bitcoins.\nThere are only five addresses that own more than 100,000 BTC. 98 addresses own\n10,000-100,000 Bitcoins. A huge chunk of the addresses (45.5%) either own\n0.0001-0.001BTC or 0.001-0.01 BTC\n\n## What else do I need to know?\n\nProtect your address: Although your user identity behind your address remains\nanonymous, Bitcoin is the most public form of transaction with anyone on the\nnetwork seeing your balances and log of transactions. This is one reason why\nyou should change Bitcoin addresses with each transaction and safeguard your\naddress. You can also use multiple wallets for different purposes so that your\nbalance and transaction history remain private from those who send you money.\n\nYour confirmation score: As said, you receive a confirmation score of about 10\nminutes before you make your purchase. Different wallets have their own\nreading.\n\n## What are the disadvantages of Bitcoin?\n\nIn the beginning, a lot of people were skeptical about bitcoin since nobody\nknows the identity of its founder- Satoshi Nakamoto. In fact, we don’t even\nknow if Satoshi Nakamoto is a man, woman, or a group of people.\n\nRegarding more practical concerns, hacking and scams are the norms. They\nhappen at least once a week and are getting more sophisticated. Bitcoin’s\nsoftware complexity and the volatility of its currency dissuade many people\nfrom using its payment system, while its transactions can be frustratingly\nslow. You’ll have to wait at least ten minutes for your network to approve the\ntransaction. Recently, some Reddit users reported waiting more than one hour\nfor their transactions to be confirmed.\n\nScams to watch out for\n\nThe four most typical Bitcoin scams are Ponzi schemes, mining scams, scam\nwallets, and fraudulent exchanges.\n\n * Ponzi Scams: Ponzi scams, or high-yield investment programs, hook you with higher interest than the prevailing market rate (e.g. 1-2% interest per day) while redirecting your money to the thief’s wallet. They also tend to duck and emerge under different names in order to protect themselves. Keep away from companies that give you Bitcoin addresses for incoming payments rather than the common payment processors such as BitPay or Coinbase.\n * Bitcoin Mining Scams: These companies will offer to mine outrageous amounts of bitcoin for you. You’ll have to pay them. That’s the last you’ll see of your money (with no bitcoins to show for it, either).\n * Bitcoin Exchange Scams: Bitcoin Exchange Scams offer features that the typical bitcoin wallets don’t offer, such as PayPal/Credit Card processing, or better exchange rates. Needless to say, these scams leave you in the hang while they siphon your dollars.\n * Bitcoin Wallet Scams: Bitcoin scam wallets are similar to online wallets – with a difference. They’ll ask you for your money. If robbers like the amount, that’s the last you’ll see of your deposit. The address, in other words, leads to them, rather than to you.\n\nOf all of these, wallet scams are the most popular with scammers managing to\npinch millions.\n\n## What are the advantages of Bitcoin?\n\nThe best thing about Bitcoin is that it is decentralized, which means that you\nhave a payment system that can settle international deals without messing\naround with exchange rates and extra charges. Plus, you don’t need to go\nthrough a third party like a bank to conduct your transactions. Bitcoin is\nfree from government interference and manipulation, so there’s no Federal\nReserve System to hike interest rates. It is also transparent, so you know\nwhat is happening with your money. You can start accepting bitcoins instantly,\nwithout investing money and energy into details, such as setting up a merchant\naccount or buying credit card processing hardware. Bitcoins cannot be forged,\nnor can your client demand a refund.\n\nIt’s a small wonder that users call Bitcoin “Money 2.0” or that Bill Gates\ncalled it “a techno tour de force.”\n\nTyler Winklevoss, co-creator of Facebook, summed it up when he said:\n\n> “We have elected to put our money and faith in a mathematical framework that\n> is free of politics and human error.”\n\nRick Falkvinge, Founder of the Swedish Pirate Party, predicted that\n\n> “Bitcoin will do to banks what email did to the postal industry.”\n\nAccording to John McAfee, Founder of McAfee,\n\n> “You can’t stop things like Bitcoin. It will be everywhere and the world\n> will have to re-adjust.”\n\n## What is Bitcoin: Conclusion\n\n## Other coins like Bitcoin\n\nWhile Bitcoin is THE big coin in the crypto space, it does have some\nshortcomings when it comes to scalability and privacy. This is why many\nprojects have simply forked off the main bitcoin protocol to create their own\ncurrencies. Some of the more well-known bitcoin forks are:\n\n * Litecoin: Positioning themselves as silver to bitcoin’s gold, Litecoin can be considered a lighter and faster version of bitcoin.\n * Bitcoin Cash: A fork of the bitcoin protocol that has an 8 MB block size as opposed to 1 MB.\n * Zcash: Utilizes zk-SNARKS with the underlying bitcoin protocol to create a unique privacy coin.\n * Dash: A bitcoin fork that provides a payment system that’s both private and scalable.\n\n## What is Bitcoin: Conclusion\n\nWhere do I go from here?\n\nHere are various resources that will direct you to best places for finding\nwallets, stores that accept bitcoins, exchanges for trading Bitcoin, and\nBitcoin news, prices, charts, guides, and analysis among other information.\n\nBitcoin has been through several obstacles recently with the Bitcoin Cash fork\nand SegWit implementation. Bitcoin, over the last 11 years, has truly\ndisrupted the world’s economy and financial systems by providing a payment\nsystem that is ahead of its time. The idea of you being your own bank and\nowning your own bank account as opposed to storing your money in third party\nfinancial institution or payment processor is revolutionary. Having said that,\nthis is just the beginning. The Bitcoin revolution still has a lot of miles to\ngo. It is going to super exciting to see where we are going to go on from\nhere.\n\n * Blockchain.info – Blockchain info is the go-to place for checking transactions on the ledger. You can check how much money your wallet contains, or, for that matter, how much BTC is stored at any particular wallet address.\n * Bitnodes – Run by the Bitcoin Foundation, Bitnodes estimates and visualizes the size of the bitcoin network.\n * Wizbit – Wizbit shows all transactions and newly mined blocks in real-time on an eye-catching spinning globe.\n * We Use Coins – Weusecoins.com is a list of credible exchanges for trading Bitcoins worldwide or in the U.S.\n * Buy Bitcoin Worldwide – Get help finding bitcoin exchanges.\n\nBonus: Best Cryptocurrency Exchanges: The Ultimate Guide\n\n### Like what you read? Give us one like or share it to your friends and get\n+16\n\n1,310\n\nHave a question? Ask our Community\n\n1,310\n\nHave questions? We have built an incredible community of blockchain\nenthusiasts from every corner of the industry. If you have questions, we have\nanswers! Ask community\n\n### 1) Q: What is Bitcoin?\n\n1\n\n1) Q: What is Bitcoin?\n\nasked 2019-08-13\n\nAmeer Rosic\n\n1 answers\n\n1 votes\n\n1\n\nA: Bitcoin is a cryptocurrency, a form of electronic cash. It is a\ndecentralized digital currency without a central bank or single administrator\nthat can be sent from user to user on the peer-to-peer bitcoin blockchain\nnetwork without the need for intermediaries. It is powered through blockchain\ntechnology.\n\nAnswer Link\n\nanswered 2019-08-13\n\nBlockgeeks\n\n### 2) Q: Who created Bitcoin?\n\n1\n\n2) Q: Who created Bitcoin?\n\nasked 2019-08-13\n\nAmeer Rosic\n\n1 answers\n\n1 votes\n\n1\n\nA: Bitcoin was created by an anonymous group or person, that goes by the\npseudonym Satoshi Nakamoto. Bitcoin is an open source software.\n\nAnswer Link\n\nanswered 2019-08-13\n\nBlockgeeks\n\n### 3) Q: Is Bitcoin real money?\n\n1\n\n3) Q: Is Bitcoin real money?\n\nasked 2019-08-13\n\nAmeer Rosic\n\n1 answers\n\n1 votes\n\n1\n\nA: Bitcoin is not a fiat currency and does not have ties to any government. It\nis a cryptocurrency and can be used as payment or for investing purposes. Many\nmainstream companies and even some governments accept Bitcoin as payment.\n\nAnswer Link\n\nanswered 2019-08-13\n\nBlockgeeks\n\n### 4) Q: How old is Bitcoin?\n\n1\n\n4) Q: How old is Bitcoin?\n\nasked 2019-08-13\n\nAmeer Rosic\n\n1 answers\n\n1 votes\n\n1\n\nA: Bitcoin was created in 2009. At time of writing bitcoin is 10 Years Old.\n\nAnswer Link\n\nanswered 2019-08-13\n\nBlockgeeks\n\n## Like what you’re reading?\n\nJoin our community and get access to over 50 free video lessons, workshops,\nand guides like this! No credit card needed!\n\nGet Started\n\n### Related Guides\n\n### Bitcoin Halving: The Most Important Date In Bitcoin\n\n### 8 of The \"Best\"Bitcoin Wallet(s) [Recently Updated Guide]\n\n### Bitcoin VS Ethereum: [The Ultimate Step-by-Step Comparison Guide]\n\n### Learn How to Trade Bitcoin: [Most Comprehensive Quick Start Guide]\n\n### The Best Cryptocurrency Exchanges: [Most Comprehensive Guide List]\n\nHungry for knowledge?\n\nNew guides and courses each week\n\nLooking to invest?\n\nMarket data, analysis, and reports\n\nJust curious?\n\nA community of blockchain experts to help\n\n## Get started today\n\nJoin Blockgeeks\n\nAlready have an account? Sign In\n\n### Related Guides\n\n### Bitcoin Halving: The Most Important Date In Bitcoin\n\n### 8 of The \"Best\"Bitcoin Wallet(s) [Recently Updated Guide]\n\n### Bitcoin VS Ethereum: [The Ultimate Step-by-Step Comparison Guide]\n\n### Learn How to Trade Bitcoin: [Most Comprehensive Quick Start Guide]\n\n### The Best Cryptocurrency Exchanges: [Most Comprehensive Guide List]\n\n### Top Rated Comment\n\n1\n\n0\n\nNice blog. We are also working in blockchain development.\n\n© 2021 Blockgeeks\n\nCourse library Contribute Guides Advertise with us Infographics FAQ Support\nPrivacy Terms Become a Blockchain Investor\n\nCRYPTO INVESTMENT SCHOOL by BLOCKGEEKS Early-bird tickets available!\n\nYou are going to send email to\n\nMove Comment\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.gemini.com/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507060313/https://www.gemini.com/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Cryptocurrency Exchange to Buy Bitcoin and Ether",
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"parsed_md": "Cryptocurrency Exchange to Buy Bitcoin and Ether | Gemini\n\nSign in\n\n * Products\n * Prices\n * Security\n * Institutions\n * Resources\n * Sign In\n\n### Email Us\n\nNew trading support for DeFi tokens.Trade now\n\nPresenting Cryptopedia, your trusted source of crypto education.Learn more\n\nEarn up to 7.4% interest with Gemini Earn.Learn more\n\nIntroducing the Gemini Credit Card.Learn more\n\nNew trading support for DeFi tokens.Trade now\n\nPresenting Cryptopedia, your trusted source of crypto education.Learn more\n\nEarn up to 7.4% interest with Gemini Earn.Learn more\n\nIntroducing the Gemini Credit Card.Learn more\n\nNew trading support for DeFi tokens.Trade now\n\n# Buy bitcoin and crypto instantly!\n\n###### Gemini is a simple, elegant, and secure platform to build your crypto\nportfolio. Buying, selling, and storing your cryptocurrency has never been\nthis seamless.\n\nText me the app\n\n## Introducing the Gemini Credit Card\n\n###### Up to 3% back on every purchase\n\n###### Earn rewards in bitcoin or any crypto on Gemini\n\n###### No annual fee\n\n#### As featured in...\n\nView all coverage\n\n### Earn Up to 7.4% APY\n\n###### More than 100x the average national interest rate\n\n## Tools for crypto beginners and active traders\n\n###### Whether you’re an experienced trader or just getting started, Gemini\nhas all the tools you need to buy, sell, or store your crypto.\n\nStart buying crypto today\n\nMaximize your trading strategies with ActiveTrader\n\n## Built with industry-leading security from day one\n\n###### Gemini is a licensed New York trust company that undergoes regular bank\nexams and is subject to the cybersecurity audits conducted by the New York\nDepartment of Financial Services.\n\n###### SOC Certifications - Gemini is SOC 1 Type 2 and SOC 2 Type 2 compliant.\nWe are the world’s first cryptocurrency exchange and custodian to complete\nthese exams.\n\n###### Hardware Security Keys - secure your account with a hardware security\nkey via WebAuthn.\n\n###### Insurance Coverage - all crypto held online in our exchange wallet is\ninsured and we use best-in-industry cold storage coverage with leading\ninsurance providers.\n\nLearn more about our commitment to security\n\n## A simple and secure way to buy and sell cryptocurrency\n\nTrade bitcoin and other cryptos in 3 minutes.\n\nBuy and sell bitcoin, ether, and other cryptocurrency.\n\n### Stay up to date\n\nEnter your email address below.\n\nThis site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of\nService apply.\n\n * Products\n\n * GeminiTM\n\n * Gemini MobileTM\n\n * Gemini ActiveTraderTM\n\n * Gemini ClearingTM\n\n * Gemini CustodyTM\n\n * Gemini WalletTM\n\n * Gemini dollarTM\n\n * Gemini Earn\n\n * View All\n\n * Partners\n\n * Samsung\n\n * TradingView\n\n * Brave\n\n * Nifty GatewayTM\n\n * Affiliate Program\n\n * View All\n\n * Security\n\n * Institutions\n\n * Company\n\n * About Us\n\n * Blog\n\n * Newsroom\n\n * Careers\n\n * FAQ\n\n * Email Us\n\n * Help Desk\n\n * Status\n\n * Resources\n\n * Prices\n\n * Cryptopedia\n\n * Videos\n\n * API Docs\n\n * Refer a Friend\n\n * Auction Data\n\n * Marketplace & Fees\n\n * Areas of Availability\n\n * Legal Agreements\n\nGet the app\n\n© Copyright 2021 Gemini Trust Company, LLC.TM\n\nNMLS #1518126\n\nFor trademarks and patents, please see the Legal Notice.\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.abra.com/blog/two-wallets-better-one-hold-fiat-bitcoin-time-abra/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210307143723/https://www.abra.com/blog/two-wallets-better-one-hold-fiat-bitcoin-time-abra/",
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"title": "Two wallets are better than one! Hold both fiat and bitcoin at the same time in Abra",
"passages": [
"Buy & sell at a spot rate: Load up your fiat wallet and keep your funds there until you decide it’s the right time to buy bitcoin. Then do the exchange. You’ll have bitcoin in hand as soon as the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain.",
"Keep two separate balances: If you want to take advantage of the volatility in bitcoin prices, you can buy and sell as frequently as you like by moving money back and forth between your two wallets.",
"Do partial conversions: Want to sell a bit of your bitcoin, but not all? Now you can choose how much to move between wallets, instead of converting it all at once.",
"You can choose up to two from our list of 50+ currencies, including bitcoin. Most people will probably choose to denominate one wallet in fiat currency (e.g. US dollars) and one in bitcoin. To take advantage of this latest feature, make sure you update your Abra app to the latest version.",
"New Abra users will be prompted to select their two wallets after they sign up. Existing Abra users will need to proactively add their other wallet. We’ll prompt you to do so the next time you sign in, but you can always do this later. Here’s how:",
"We’ve been listening to your feedback about how to make Abra better for you, so we hope you enjoy this update! We’d love to hear your thoughts and feedback, so feel free to leave a comment on this post, or write us at contact[at]abra[dot]com with any questions or suggestions.",
"Introducing another wallet within the Abra app means the way you go about buying & selling bitcoin within Abra changes. We’ve updated our popular Using Abra to buy bitcoin with your bank account post accordingly. Have a look!",
"Nice work. Just a question, when you say by moving money back and forth between your two wallets. Does it occurs charges/fees? Thanks.",
"We do not charge any fixed fee for buying or selling though like most services, there is a difference between the buy/sell price. Our current fee table is listed here.",
"Nice work. My question is, when you send money from a Bitcoin wallet to a USD (Fiat-based) wallet, is that considered a taxable event?",
"If so, it’s not ideal for traders. This is why traders typically use USDT (Tether). They only wish to be concerned with taxes at the point of converting digital cryptocurrencies to cash.",
"I also wonder if Abra is collecting data on all the transactions of their customers so it can be used for any legal / tax-related purposes.",
"Hi Mike. Glad you like the feature. Unfortunately, in the area of tax advice, the only thing we can point you towards are these IRS guidelines, which I’m sure you are already well familiar with.",
"Hi Darrel. Amex cards can definitely be used to fund your USD wallet. The Amex option is working, but sometimes even good users get stuck in fraud protection measures. More info on Amex.",
"That’s a popular request. Please contact us if you’d like to help us test new features. Which might, hypothetically speaking, include other currencies in the future 😉",
"Hi Joe, our fee structure may be different from some other brokerages and exchanges. We don’t charge a fixed fee for purchases or sales, so the spread on our buy/sell price will likely be different. View our fee structure. We also source our price from a different index.",
"Abra offers the ability to have multiple wallets in your app. For example, you can hold Bitcoin (BTC) and U.S. Dollars (USD) at the same time and transfer between the two within the app. If you want to change your wallets, go to the main app screen, tap the button on the top left corner, select ‘Manage Wallet Currencies’, and choose the digital currency you prefer. If you need further assistance, please email us at [email protected].",
"hello, panu po yung pag convert nang balance pero hnd lahat nang balance ang e exchange.. saan po yung option na yun?",
"We do not support bank deposit or withdrawals from Singapore or Indonesia. We are actively looking on expanding that functionality and will keep you posted on future updates.",
"Could you please help! I funded my Abra account with USD. Then started another deposit since it was limited to 1K. Then I wanted to convert the USD deposited to bitcoin. It said that this will force the new deposit transaction to automatically convert to bitcoin when it hit my abra account. I thought you could have balances in both and move back an forth as you wish. very confusing.",
"Thanks for the comment. If you funded your Abra wallet via a linked bank account, it will take 1-2 business days for the funds to arrive in your Abra wallet. Once you have the funds in USD, you can add a Bitcoin (BTC) wallet and exchange between the USD and BTC. If you want to directly fund your BTC wallet, then it will prompt another transaction. So, I would just wait until the USD arrives and then convert the amount you want in BTC. If you have further questions or concerns, please send our Support team an email at [email protected].",
"Nice work. One question when you send money from a Bitcoin wallet to a USD wallet, is that considered a taxable event? https://medium.com/@nausokolarti1/banca-trading-competition-cd7053dbc39d",
"No it is not. If you withdraw the USD from your Abra wallet to your bank account, that is a taxable event though.",
"I currently only use one wallet, but I am not going to consider opening a second. The ability to keep two separate balances and do partial conversions seems particularly beneficial. I don’t currently use the Abra app, but I am going to have to give it a try it seems.",
"Based on my experience, I don’t recommend using Abra. One you enter your money using its wallet, you won’t be able to make transaction with other wallets. In short, your bitcoins or other cryptos will be trapped within this wallet... you can only transact with other Abra user. Not good.",
"This is simply not true. You can move BTC out of Abra to any external wallet, not just other Abra users."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Two wallets are better than one! Hold both fiat and bitcoin at the same time\nin Abra - Abra\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Education\n * How Abra Works\n * Investing\n * News\n\n##### How Abra Works, News\n\n# Two wallets are better than one! Hold both fiat and bitcoin at the same time\nin Abra\n\n#### Liz O'Donnell - Friday, November 17th, 2017\n\nBig news! You can now have more than one wallet in your Abra app!\n\nHere’s why this is a game-changer:\n\n * Buy & sell at a spot rate: Load up your fiat wallet and keep your funds there until you decide it’s the right time to buy bitcoin. Then do the exchange. You’ll have bitcoin in hand as soon as the transaction is confirmed on the blockchain.\n * Keep two separate balances: If you want to take advantage of the volatility in bitcoin prices, you can buy and sell as frequently as you like by moving money back and forth between your two wallets.\n * Do partial conversions: Want to sell a bit of your bitcoin, but not all? Now you can choose how much to move between wallets, instead of converting it all at once.\n\nYou can choose up to two from our list of 50+ currencies, including bitcoin.\nMost people will probably choose to denominate one wallet in fiat currency\n(e.g. US dollars) and one in bitcoin. To take advantage of this latest\nfeature, make sure you update your Abra app to the latest version.\n\nNew Abra users will be prompted to select their two wallets after they sign\nup. Existing Abra users will need to proactively add their other wallet. We’ll\nprompt you to do so the next time you sign in, but you can always do this\nlater. Here’s how:\n\n1\\. Select “Manage Wallet Currencies” from the Menu\n\n2\\. Select “Add another wallet”\n\n3\\. Confirm your choices\n\nWe’ve been listening to your feedback about how to make Abra better for you,\nso we hope you enjoy this update! We’d love to hear your thoughts and\nfeedback, so feel free to leave a comment on this post, or write us at\ncontact[at]abra[dot]com with any questions or suggestions.\n\nA few other noteworthy updates:\n\n * Introducing another wallet within the Abra app means the way you go about buying & selling bitcoin within Abra changes. We’ve updated our popular Using Abra to buy bitcoin with your bank account post accordingly. Have a look!\n * We’ve also recently increased our funding limits. Check out the latest!\n\n##### Written by\n\n### Liz O'Donnell\n\n#### Related Posts\n\n#### Comments\n\n 1. Ricardo says:\n\nNovember 17, 2017 at 4:43 pm\n\nYesssss!!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Charlie says:\n\nNovember 18, 2017 at 7:22 pm\n\nNice work. Just a question, when you say by moving money back and forth\nbetween your two wallets. Does it occurs charges/fees? Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Liz O'Donnell says:\n\nNovember 19, 2017 at 2:59 pm\n\nWe do not charge any fixed fee for buying or selling though like most\nservices, there is a difference between the buy/sell price. Our current fee\ntable is listed here.\n\nReply\n\n 3. mike says:\n\nNovember 20, 2017 at 1:09 pm\n\nNice work. My question is, when you send money from a Bitcoin wallet to a USD\n(Fiat-based) wallet, is that considered a taxable event?\n\nIf so, it’s not ideal for traders. This is why traders typically use USDT\n(Tether). They only wish to be concerned with taxes at the point of converting\ndigital cryptocurrencies to cash.\n\nI also wonder if Abra is collecting data on all the transactions of their\ncustomers so it can be used for any legal / tax-related purposes.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Liz O'Donnell says:\n\nNovember 20, 2017 at 2:48 pm\n\nHi Mike. Glad you like the feature. Unfortunately, in the area of tax advice,\nthe only thing we can point you towards are these IRS guidelines, which I’m\nsure you are already well familiar with.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Ron V. says:\n\nNovember 20, 2017 at 2:42 pm\n\nCan you also deposit your money from the US dollar wallet back into your bank\naccount? Thank you\n\nReply\n\n 1. Liz O'Donnell says:\n\nNovember 20, 2017 at 2:50 pm\n\nAbsolutely! Here’s how.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Darrel says:\n\nNovember 20, 2017 at 6:44 pm\n\nCan we then use an AmEx card to fund the USD wallet? Or is that option still\nnot working?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Liz O'Donnell says:\n\nNovember 21, 2017 at 9:59 am\n\nHi Darrel. Amex cards can definitely be used to fund your USD wallet. The Amex\noption is working, but sometimes even good users get stuck in fraud protection\nmeasures. More info on Amex.\n\nReply\n\n 6. jayco says:\n\nNovember 20, 2017 at 7:23 pm\n\nmuch better if you have ethereum also\n\nReply\n\n 1. Liz O'Donnell says:\n\nNovember 21, 2017 at 10:01 am\n\nThat’s a popular request. Please contact us if you’d like to help us test new\nfeatures. Which might, hypothetically speaking, include other currencies in\nthe future 😉\n\nReply\n\n 7. Joe says:\n\nNovember 21, 2017 at 5:30 pm\n\nI recently noticed a large price difference in Bitcoin between Abra and\nGemini. Why is that?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Liz O'Donnell says:\n\nNovember 21, 2017 at 9:16 pm\n\nHi Joe, our fee structure may be different from some other brokerages and\nexchanges. We don’t charge a fixed fee for purchases or sales, so the spread\non our buy/sell price will likely be different. View our fee structure. We\nalso source our price from a different index.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Diana Fogler says:\n\nDecember 4, 2017 at 6:59 pm\n\nWhat do they mean by the wallets I don’t understand at all please can someone\nhelp me out\n\nReply\n\n 1. Matt Taylor says:\n\nDecember 4, 2017 at 9:03 pm\n\nHi Diana,\n\nAbra offers the ability to have multiple wallets in your app. For example, you\ncan hold Bitcoin (BTC) and U.S. Dollars (USD) at the same time and transfer\nbetween the two within the app. If you want to change your wallets, go to the\nmain app screen, tap the button on the top left corner, select ‘Manage Wallet\nCurrencies’, and choose the digital currency you prefer. If you need further\nassistance, please email us at [email protected].\n\nReply\n\n 9. paul says:\n\nDecember 13, 2017 at 12:49 am\n\nhello, panu po yung pag convert nang balance pero hnd lahat nang balance ang e\nexchange.. saan po yung option na yun?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Matt Taylor says:\n\nDecember 13, 2017 at 11:29 am\n\nHi Paul,\n\nCan you send us an email at [email protected] with further details? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Jamie Leggate says:\n\nJanuary 14, 2018 at 6:37 pm\n\nHi Are banks OCBC in Singapore and BNI in Indonesia supported?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Matt Taylor says:\n\nJanuary 16, 2018 at 1:54 pm\n\nHi Jamie,\n\nWe do not support bank deposit or withdrawals from Singapore or Indonesia. We\nare actively looking on expanding that functionality and will keep you posted\non future updates.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Kevin T. says:\n\nJanuary 18, 2018 at 5:11 am\n\nCould you please help! I funded my Abra account with USD. Then started another\ndeposit since it was limited to 1K. Then I wanted to convert the USD deposited\nto bitcoin. It said that this will force the new deposit transaction to\nautomatically convert to bitcoin when it hit my abra account. I thought you\ncould have balances in both and move back an forth as you wish. very\nconfusing.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Matt Taylor says:\n\nJanuary 18, 2018 at 11:20 am\n\nHi Kevin,\n\nThanks for the comment. If you funded your Abra wallet via a linked bank\naccount, it will take 1-2 business days for the funds to arrive in your Abra\nwallet. Once you have the funds in USD, you can add a Bitcoin (BTC) wallet and\nexchange between the USD and BTC. If you want to directly fund your BTC\nwallet, then it will prompt another transaction. So, I would just wait until\nthe USD arrives and then convert the amount you want in BTC. If you have\nfurther questions or concerns, please send our Support team an email at [email\nprotected].\n\nReply\n\n 12. Shafiur Rahman says:\n\nMarch 16, 2018 at 12:24 pm\n\nNice work. One question when you send money from a Bitcoin wallet to a USD\nwallet, is that considered a taxable event?\nhttps://medium.com/@nausokolarti1/banca-trading-competition-cd7053dbc39d\n\nReply\n\n 1. Matt Taylor says:\n\nMarch 19, 2018 at 11:37 am\n\nNo it is not. If you withdraw the USD from your Abra wallet to your bank\naccount, that is a taxable event though.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Nick says:\n\nMarch 23, 2018 at 5:17 pm\n\nI currently only use one wallet, but I am not going to consider opening a\nsecond. The ability to keep two separate balances and do partial conversions\nseems particularly beneficial. I don’t currently use the Abra app, but I am\ngoing to have to give it a try it seems.\n\nReply\n\n 14. Cryptos says:\n\nApril 19, 2018 at 3:39 pm\n\nBased on my experience, I don’t recommend using Abra. One you enter your money\nusing its wallet, you won’t be able to make transaction with other wallets. In\nshort, your bitcoins or other cryptos will be trapped within this wallet...\nyou can only transact with other Abra user. Not good.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Matt Taylor says:\n\nApril 20, 2018 at 11:43 am\n\nThis is simply not true. You can move BTC out of Abra to any external wallet,\nnot just other Abra users.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Stephen says:\n\nJuly 19, 2018 at 1:56 pm\n\nLate to the party, but do you allow for multiple fiat currency wallets (GBP /\nEuro / JPY?)\n\nReply\n\n 1. Matt Taylor says:\n\nJuly 19, 2018 at 2:35 pm\n\nYes! But you can’t withdraw to your bank account in those fiat currencies.\n\nReply\n\n 16. rowan bailey says:\n\nFebruary 1, 2019 at 1:17 pm\n\nabra works very good its a smart app\n\nReply\n\n 17. John Milner says:\n\nJanuary 7, 2020 at 6:44 am\n\nCan you also deposit your money from the US dollar wallet back into your bank\naccount? Thank you\n\nReply\n\n 1. Daniel McGlynn says:\n\nJanuary 7, 2020 at 12:04 pm\n\nYes, check out this article https://support.abra.com/hc/en-\nus/articles/115003322907-How-do-I-withdraw-from-my-wallet-using-a-bank-US- or\nemail [email protected] for more help.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Company\n\n * Meet Abra\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Abra store\n * Media coverage\n\n### Invest\n\n * Invest in crypto\n * Invest in Bitcoin\n * Download Abra\n * Funding options\n\n### Resources\n\n * Crypto course\n * Money 3.0 podcast\n * Cryptocurrency ebook\n * Guides\n * Intro to crypto\n\n### Learn More\n\n * Availability\n * FAQs\n * How Abra works\n * Blog\n * Affiliates\n\n### Social\n\n * Facebook\n * LinkedIn\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n\nCopyright 2021 Plutus Financial, Inc. All rights reserved. Privacy Policy.\nTerms of Service.\n\n"
}
] |
1,936,762 | How To Do a Facial at Home | To do a facial at home, start by using a gentle cleanser and exfoliating scrub to slough away dull and dead skin. Next, do a facial steam treatment for about 5 minutes to open up your pores, then apply a face mask that benefits your skin type. Leave the mask on for about 15 minutes so it can draw out impurities, then rinse it away and pat your skin dry. Finish up with a toner and moisturizer! | [
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411011632/https://www.diynatural.com/homemade-facial-skin-toner/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411185440/https://cleanbeauty101.follain.com/facial-massage-steps/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210510221829/https://homemadeforelle.com/10-simple-exfoliating-face-scrubs/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512234403/https://www.ebony.com/style/do-it-yourself-at-home-steam-facial/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418171950/https://www.realsimple.com/beauty-fashion/skincare/homemade-facial-masks"
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"original_url": "https://www.makeup.com/complete-guide-to-facials",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190821094450/https://www.makeup.com/complete-guide-to-facials",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "A Complete Guide to Facials",
"passages": [
"Get more than ever out of your MAKEUP.com. Save your favorite articles for quick access to the expert tips and tricks that speak to you – and the products you need to get the looks!",
"This sign-up is for US consumers. By registering, you understand and agree that your data will be collected and used subject to our US privacy policy and terms of use",
"When you use Facebook to login to our site, be advised that your data is governed by Facebook’s privacy policies and terms of use. You can always clear your Facebook history here",
"If you’re like me, you view facials as a skin necessity. Facials have the power to clear clogged pores, soothe tired skin and leave you with a hydrated complexion so amazing, your skin will be reminiscent of a baby. If you’ve never had a facial and have listened to one too many horror stories about them going wrong, allow me to put you at ease. Stacy Cox, a veteran esthetician has worked with countless facial first-timers and walked them through the process. Ahead, she’ll answer all of your burning questions about facials so you’ll know what to do before, during and after your treatment.",
"When you're excited, anxious or just very relaxed, it’s easy to forget to share important skin information with your skin-care therapist. Create a list on your phone or a piece of paper of products you're currently using on your skin at home, how often you get facials, any allergies you might have, as well as medications you're taking so you can get the best experience possible.",
"If you're pregnant, claustrophobic or have aversions to certain scents these are very insightful things to share with your esthetician so he/she can use the safest equipment to protect you and select the appropriate products to amplify the outcome. Think about what goals you are looking to achieve, what bothers you about your skin and what issues or concerns you’d like to work on.",
"Think along the lines of treating dryness, oiliness, fine lines, sun damage and other aligning issues and concerns. Allow the esthetician to do a thorough evaluation and make suggestions as to which facial treatment and skin-care products best fit your needs.",
"Another thing to note before your facial is to avoid too much sun exposure (ideally up to a week prior). If you want to focus heavily on pore-cleansing and extractions, it’s best to schedule your facial for the end of the day or week, so you can have some free time to allow your face to rest. If the facial is in preparation for a big event like a wedding or a class reunion, schedule the appointment five to seven days before the big day.",
"Absolutely! At Pampered People — my skin-care studio — we have many different facials on the menu for a reason (but don't worry about making that decision on your own). When I meet with a new client, I have a discussion about their needs and goals so we can figure out the right treatment together. For the most part, there are two overarching facial treatment categories:",
"These types of treatments typically include cleansing, exfoliation, a nourishing facial mask, serum, SPF and/or moisturizer. There are no extractions involved.",
"These treatments include all of the spa facial components listed above, as well as added targeted treatments such as extractions. Extractions should always occur after the skin has been properly prepped. From a sensory standpoint, for most clients, this doesn't mark the highpoint of the facial experience.",
"It's not a relaxing service, but if you've been eyeing some blackheads on your nose, it's safer to have a professional remove them than to try and tackle them on your own. Facials can also include add-ons and other targeted treatments such anti-aging eye treatments, peels and microdermabrasion.",
"Post-facial rules can be dependent on your skin sensitivity and the intensity of the facial. The basic “facial after-effect” includes a rosiness that can last up to two hours.",
"Many people ask if they can apply makeup after a facial. The answer is yes, technically, but I encourage clients to give their skin a treat by giving it a chance to breathe and soak up the effects of the treatment. Having your facial later in the day or early evening is ideal, as you leave the treatment with “bed-ready” skin that will rest for another few hours.",
"If someone is dealing with acne or hyperpigmentation, they may need to be seen every week for a series of intensive and targeted treatments, and every four to six weeks after improvements have been made. Seeing someone every four weeks ensures skin issues are treated regularly.",
"Caring for your skin in-between visits is very important. A good home-care regimen is crucial and wearing (and reapplying ) SPF 15 or higher is the \"fountain of youth\" beauty secret people are always overlooking but shouldn't.",
"© L'Oreal USA This site is intended for US consumers. Cookies, related technologies and device identification are used for Personalized Advertising. To learn more visit AdChoices and our privacy policy."
]
},
"parsed_md": "A Complete Guide to Facials | Makeup.com\n\n##\n\nSIGN IN\n\nto get more from\n\nGet more than ever out of your MAKEUP.com. Save your favorite articles for\nquick access to the expert tips and tricks that speak to you – and the\nproducts you need to get the looks!\n\n## Select your favorite social network to get started.\n\n * Email-ID×\n\nThis sign-up is for US consumers. By registering, you understand and agree\nthat your data will be collected and used subject to our US privacy policy and\nterms of use\n\nWhen you use Facebook to login to our site, be advised that your data is\ngoverned by Facebook’s privacy policies and terms of use. You can always clear\nyour Facebook history here\n\nLooks May 8 2019\n\n# A Complete Guide to Facials\n\nIf you’re like me, you view facials as a skin necessity. Facials have the\npower to clear clogged pores, soothe tired skin and leave you with a hydrated\ncomplexion so amazing, your skin will be reminiscent of a baby. If you’ve\nnever had a facial and have listened to one too many horror stories about them\ngoing wrong, allow me to put you at ease. Stacy Cox, a veteran esthetician has\nworked with countless facial first-timers and walked them through the process.\nAhead, she’ll answer all of your burning questions about facials so you’ll\nknow what to do before, during and after your treatment.\n\nHow Should You Prepare for a Facial?\n\nWhen you're excited, anxious or just very relaxed, it’s easy to forget to\nshare important skin information with your skin-care therapist. Create a list\non your phone or a piece of paper of products you're currently using on your\nskin at home, how often you get facials, any allergies you might have, as well\nas medications you're taking so you can get the best experience possible.\n\nIf you're pregnant, claustrophobic or have aversions to certain scents these\nare very insightful things to share with your esthetician so he/she can use\nthe safest equipment to protect you and select the appropriate products to\namplify the outcome. Think about what goals you are looking to achieve, what\nbothers you about your skin and what issues or concerns you’d like to work on.\n\nThink along the lines of treating dryness, oiliness, fine lines, sun damage\nand other aligning issues and concerns. Allow the esthetician to do a thorough\nevaluation and make suggestions as to which facial treatment and skin-care\nproducts best fit your needs.\n\nAnother thing to note before your facial is to avoid too much sun exposure\n(ideally up to a week prior). If you want to focus heavily on pore-cleansing\nand extractions, it’s best to schedule your facial for the end of the day or\nweek, so you can have some free time to allow your face to rest. If the facial\nis in preparation for a big event like a wedding or a class reunion, schedule\nthe appointment five to seven days before the big day.\n\nAre There Certain Facials That Are Better for Specific Skin Types?\n\nAbsolutely! At Pampered People — my skin-care studio — we have many different\nfacials on the menu for a reason (but don't worry about making that decision\non your own). When I meet with a new client, I have a discussion about their\nneeds and goals so we can figure out the right treatment together. For the\nmost part, there are two overarching facial treatment categories:\n\nSpa Facials\n\nThese types of treatments typically include cleansing, exfoliation, a\nnourishing facial mask, serum, SPF and/or moisturizer. There are no\nextractions involved.\n\nInvasive Facials\n\nThese treatments include all of the spa facial components listed above, as\nwell as added targeted treatments such as extractions. Extractions should\nalways occur after the skin has been properly prepped. From a sensory\nstandpoint, for most clients, this doesn't mark the highpoint of the facial\nexperience.\n\nIt's not a relaxing service, but if you've been eyeing some blackheads on your\nnose, it's safer to have a professional remove them than to try and tackle\nthem on your own. Facials can also include add-ons and other targeted\ntreatments such anti-aging eye treatments, peels and microdermabrasion.\n\nWhat Should People Do Post-Facial, In Terms of Care and Recovery?\n\nPost-facial rules can be dependent on your skin sensitivity and the intensity\nof the facial. The basic “facial after-effect” includes a rosiness that can\nlast up to two hours.\n\nMany people ask if they can apply makeup after a facial. The answer is yes,\ntechnically, but I encourage clients to give their skin a treat by giving it a\nchance to breathe and soak up the effects of the treatment. Having your facial\nlater in the day or early evening is ideal, as you leave the treatment with\n“bed-ready” skin that will rest for another few hours.\n\nHow Much Should You Consider Tipping for Good Service?\n\nThe standard tipping rate is 20 percent on the service charge.\n\nHow Often Should You Get a Facial to See Results?\n\nIf someone is dealing with acne or hyperpigmentation, they may need to be seen\nevery week for a series of intensive and targeted treatments, and every four\nto six weeks after improvements have been made. Seeing someone every four\nweeks ensures skin issues are treated regularly.\n\nAny Suggestions on How to Care for Your Skin Between Facials?\n\nCaring for your skin in-between visits is very important. A good home-care\nregimen is crucial and wearing (and reapplying ) SPF 15 or higher is the\n\"fountain of youth\" beauty secret people are always overlooking but shouldn't.\n\nRead More: Better Together: Why Powder Highlighter and Face Mist Are a Match\nMade in Heaven\n\nThe Genius Trick to Never Losing Your Makeup Sponge Again\n\nI Used My Clarisonic Cleansing Brush to Apply My Foundation — Here’s How It’s\nDone\n\nPrevious This New Hair Brand Will Ship Personalized Hair Color Straight to\nYour Door\n\nNext Meet Lilah B. Founder Cheryl Yannotti Foland\n\n## Let's Stay in Touch\n\nGet our top stories straight to your inbox!\n\nBy signing up, you consent to the privacy policy.\n\nTHANK YOU! YOU ARE NOW SIGNED UP\n\nLook out for our latest stories in your inbox.\n\nSIGNUP FAILED\n\nSomething went wrong. We're so sorry!\n\n * ABOUT\n * MEET THE EDITORS\n * Meet the Influencers\n * CONTACT\n * PRIVACY POLICY\n * TERMS\n * User Content Permission Terms\n * SKINCARE.COM\n\n * Color&Co\n * DERMABLEND\n * ESSIE\n * GIORGIO ARMANI BEAUTY\n * It Cosmetics\n * KIEHL'S\n * LANCÔME\n * LA ROCHE POSAY\n * L'ORÉAL PARIS\n * MAYBELLINE\n * NYX PROFESSIONAL MAKEUP\n * Shu Uemura\n * URBAN DECAY\n * YVES SAINT LAURENT\n\n© L'Oreal USA This site is intended for US consumers. Cookies, related\ntechnologies and device identification are used for Personalized Advertising.\nTo learn more visit AdChoices and our privacy policy.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.diynatural.com/homemade-facial-skin-toner/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411011632/https://www.diynatural.com/homemade-facial-skin-toner/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Homemade Toner: Natural Anti Aging Face Toner for Beautiful Skin",
"passages": [
"This natural homemade face toner helps prevent fine lines by boosting collagen production, improving skin elasticity, and even fading age and sun spots!",
"You’ve probably seen the commercials asking, “Want to look younger? Erase years from your face?” And of course, they’re air-brushing beautiful models to promote a product that claims to eliminate wrinkles, age spots, and other flaws from mature faces.",
"Well, there may actually be something to those products. Serums, creams, and toners made with Vitamin C have been flooding the beauty market lately. These products claim to take years off your face. But there are problems with the store-bought versions of Vitamin C skin care products. And the good news is, you can make a better version at home!",
"Vitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is said to have many anti-aging benefits for the skin. It’s a potent antioxidant, is anti-inflammatory, and is very soothing for the skin. What does all this mean? Put simply, Vitamin C can improve skin elasticity, prevent fine lines by stimulating collagen production, protect skin from damaging sun rays, and have a lightening effect that helps fade age spots or sunspots.",
"Even if you get adequate amounts of Vitamin C in your diet, a topical application of Vitamin C is the best way to benefit your skin (source). This clinical study on the topical application of Vitamin C shows that solutions made with 5% Vitamin C (in the form of ascorbic acid) produced positive results on damaged skin after repeated use.",
"Ascorbic acid is highly unstable and oxidizes within a few days when exposed to air, heat, or light. So don’t waste your money on an expensive product that may become ineffective after only a few days. The good news is, you can make your own homemade face toner at home by mixing up small batches every few days to maximize the effects of Vitamin C.",
"While making your own Vitamin C face toner every few days may seem cumbersome, adding this homemade toner to your skincare routine may help enhance the tone, texture, and brightness of your skin. And that makes it worth the effort, right?",
"5 drops chamomile or lavender essential oil – optional for anti-inflammatory and soothing effects (find 100% pure essential oils here)",
"To make homemade toner add ascorbic acid to a spice grinder and blend into a powder. (This prevents the finished toner from being gritty.) Combine all ingredients in a small amber or cobalt glass bottle. Cap tightly with spray top and shake well to combine. Store in a cool place and mix a new batch every 2-3 days for the best results.",
"Use morning and night on a clean face before applying moisturizers or makeup. Shake vigorously before each use. With eyes and mouth closed, spray generously all over face and neck and allow to dry.",
"You should mix up a new batch of homemade face toner every few days for maximum results. Vitamin C oxidizes quickly, so its effectiveness will diminish after a few days. Because Vitamin C oxidizes even faster when exposed to light, it’s also very important this toner be stored in a dark-colored glass bottle.",
"Note: Some people are sensitive to ascorbic acid, so you may want to test the toner on a small area of skin before applying all over. (Apply to a small area, wait 24 hours, then check for a reaction.)",
"Betsy holds a bachelor's degree in Psychology and a Master's degree in Counseling, and for nearly a decade worked as an elementary counselor. In 2011 she left her counseling career to pursue healthy living. She loves using DIY Natural as a way to educate people to depend on themselves to nourish their bodies and live happier healthier lives. Connect with Betsy on Facebook, Twitter, and her +Betsy Jabs Google profile.",
"PAID ENDORSEMENT DISCLOSURE: In order for us to support our website activities, we may receive monetary compensation or other types of remuneration for our endorsement, recommendation, testimonial and/or link to any products or services from this website.",
"DISCLAIMER: Information on DIY NaturalTM is not reviewed or endorsed by the FDA and is NOT intended to be substituted for the advice of your health care professional. If you rely solely upon this advice you do so at your own risk. Read full Disclaimer & Disclosure statements here.",
"Learning how to clean a diffuser is pretty simple. To clean an essential oil diffuser you need only water, vinegar, and essential oils.",
"You’ve heard of birdbaths but nobody ever thinks about a bee waterer for honeybees! Here is a simple way to make a DIY bee watering station.",
"Your link to the spice grinder links to your blog post on cleaners.....could you please post the correct link? Thank you.",
"This blog is amazing but I just wasn’t getting everything I needed from it . Are you looking to find home remedies that could help you with everything from chapped lips to better gut health. I’ve been using this book for as long as I can remember and I never do anything without checking it first. Click the link to see if this book is right for you. Hope it helps! shorturl.at/nqDQ4",
"Hi Patti, we use and love this spice grinder! This link takes you to your homepage.....Could you please give the correct link?",
"I used a Vit. C tablet, grind it up really fine (since that was all I had)added it to a very small amount of hot water to melt it.",
"Thank you very much for this recipe. I was just wondering what other oils contain vitamin E and easier to find ? and also, the only vitamin C I have is supplement tablets with 1000mg concentration along with 800mg calcium carbonate.. can I use them ? and if so, how much of them would be enough to work ?",
"The oils Vitamin E is most commonly found in are corn oil and soybean oil. However, I wouldn’t recommend using either of those oils for cooking or in beauty products. They are likely to be made from GMO crops, and you’ll only be getting a small amount of Vitamin E in them. You can actually find Vitamin E oil in most pharmacies/drug stores. If you can’t find it there, I would recommend leaving it out of the recipe. You can certainly go ahead and use your crushed tablets for this toner. Use about double the amount of crushed Vitamin C tablet. I’m not sure about the calcium carbonate tablet though...you’ll have to experiment with it.",
"Ascorbic acid is still a partially synthetic by-product of naturally occurring Vitamin C. When I ask Dr. Tracy Gibbs, a PhD in Pharmacognosy (the study of medicinal properties of plants), how non-PhD people are suppose to understand whats real and what’s not, he says “have you ever seen an ascorbic acid tree”? There is a product that is the most natural I have ever seen (made from Acerola Cherries and Rose Hips), open the capsule and mix as suggested or mix right into your coconut oil as a natural moisturizer and anti-aging remedy.",
"You’re absolutely correct about ascorbic acid being a partially synthetic by- product. However, the research I’ve found about Vitamin C skincare products all refers to ascorbic acid. So I used this in my recipe because I don’t have a lab and a team of researchers to determine whether Vitamin C from berries & other foods has the exact same effect. However, we encourage everyone to use only the ingredients they’re comfortable with!",
"HI, Is citric acid and ascorbic acid the same thing? I have the citric acid from your dishwasher recipe, is it the same thing to use in this recipe?",
"Good question Lochi. No, citric acid and ascorbic acid are not the same thing. You should not use citric acid in this recipe.",
"The ascorbic acid that you use has 2500 mg in 1/4 t. according to the bottle. That probably corresponds to some amount needed in each spray to be effective (just a guess, I’m no scientist!). So my thought is, one would have to have a Vit C source pretty concentrated in order to have the same dosage without being bulky. I not familiar with a Vit. C stick that Heather mentioned, so possibly look at the amount of Vit C vs the amount of the stick necessary to obtain 2500 mg?? (just a thought!) Thank you for this recipe!",
"Sure you can, Ginger! You could use pure aloe vera gel, water, witch hazel, vegetable glycerin, etc. I just love the hydrosols (especially rose) because they are great skin toners themselves. Have fun with this recipe!",
"Thank you for this facial toner recipe. Can Walgreen’s brand of absorbic acid be used here? I have 2 giant full bottles of it because I learned that absorbic acid is only one component of vitamin C and is detrimental for ingesting. Thank you.",
"Yes, you can use the ascorbic acid you have. We’re actually doing the same – using up some bottles that we used to take internally, but have switched to a whole-foods based real Vitamin C powder for internal use. 🙂",
"Hi! I have a stick of vitamin C but I do not have any of the ingredients you mentioned nor any essential oils or anything of the like. How would I use it alone then? Can it melted down and applied alone? Can I mix it in with my current moisturizer? I use Covergirl BB cream. Thanks!",
"Hi Heather, we have no idea, you’ll need to pick up the ingredients if you want to make this recipe, but if you figure it out be sure to let us know. Blessings!",
"Hi Matt! I will let you know if I come up with something or end up using your recipe. Maybe you could even do a post about using a stick of vitamin C in a recipe 🙂 Thanks for replying! I do appreciate it! Blessings!",
"I find the oil soluble forms of Vit C to be far more stable. I also wouldn’t use any form of soy. You can sub out the soy Vit E for meadowfoam oil, which is very high in Vit E. Use a bit of sunflower lecithin to emulsify rose hydrosol with the oils and you’re good to go!",
"DIY Natural is about rediscovering the traditional value of doing things yourself, doing them naturally, and enjoying the benefits. Welcome to the movement! (read more)",
"All rights reserved. No content on this site may be reused in any fashion without written permission. By using this site, you are agreeing to the site’s terms of use. DIY NaturalTM is a trademark of The Jabs Group, LLC."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Homemade Toner: Natural Anti Aging Face Toner for Beautiful Skin\n\nDIY Natural\n\nHome DIY Natural Blog Beauty Anti-Aging Homemade Face Toner with Vitamin C\n\n# Anti-Aging Homemade Face Toner with Vitamin C\n\nBy Betsy JabsBeauty Health\n\nShares10FacebookTweetPinEmailPrint\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links.\n\nThis natural homemade face toner helps prevent fine lines by boosting collagen\nproduction, improving skin elasticity, and even fading age and sun spots!\n\nYou’ve probably seen the commercials asking, “Want to look younger? Erase\nyears from your face?” And of course, they’re air-brushing beautiful models to\npromote a product that claims to eliminate wrinkles, age spots, and other\nflaws from mature faces.\n\nWell, there may actually be something to those products. Serums, creams, and\ntoners made with Vitamin C have been flooding the beauty market lately. These\nproducts claim to take years off your face. But there are problems with the\nstore-bought versions of Vitamin C skin care products. And the good news is,\nyou can make a better version at home!\n\nToday we share a very simple homemade face toner that actually works and can\nsave you tons of money!\n\n### Vitamin C is A Skin Toner\n\nVitamin C, also known as ascorbic acid, is said to have many anti-aging\nbenefits for the skin. It’s a potent antioxidant, is anti-inflammatory, and is\nvery soothing for the skin. What does all this mean? Put simply, Vitamin C can\nimprove skin elasticity, prevent fine lines by stimulating collagen\nproduction, protect skin from damaging sun rays, and have a lightening effect\nthat helps fade age spots or sunspots.\n\nEven if you get adequate amounts of Vitamin C in your diet, a topical\napplication of Vitamin C is the best way to benefit your skin (source). This\nclinical study on the topical application of Vitamin C shows that solutions\nmade with 5% Vitamin C (in the form of ascorbic acid) produced positive\nresults on damaged skin after repeated use.\n\nSo does this mean that all those commercial products are worth the money? Not\nexactly.\n\nAscorbic acid is highly unstable and oxidizes within a few days when exposed\nto air, heat, or light. So don’t waste your money on an expensive product that\nmay become ineffective after only a few days. The good news is, you can make\nyour own homemade face toner at home by mixing up small batches every few days\nto maximize the effects of Vitamin C.\n\nWhile making your own Vitamin C face toner every few days may seem cumbersome,\nadding this homemade toner to your skincare routine may help enhance the tone,\ntexture, and brightness of your skin. And that makes it worth the effort,\nright?\n\n## Homemade Face Toner\n\n#### Ingredients & Supplies\n\n * 1⁄2 oz. hydrosol – rose hydrosol is my favorite (find hydrosols here)\n * about 1⁄4 teaspoon l-ascorbic acid – this is a 10% concentration (find l-ascorbic acid here)\n * 5 drops chamomile or lavender essential oil – optional for anti-inflammatory and soothing effects (find 100% pure essential oils here)\n * several drops Vitamin E oil – optional for increased anti-oxidant effect (I use this non-GMO Vitamin E oil)\n * 1 oz. dark glass bottle with a fine mister (find dark glass bottles and spray tops here)\n\n#### Directions\n\nTo make homemade toner add ascorbic acid to a spice grinder and blend into a\npowder. (This prevents the finished toner from being gritty.) Combine all\ningredients in a small amber or cobalt glass bottle. Cap tightly with spray\ntop and shake well to combine. Store in a cool place and mix a new batch every\n2-3 days for the best results.\n\n#### To Use\n\nUse morning and night on a clean face before applying moisturizers or makeup.\nShake vigorously before each use. With eyes and mouth closed, spray generously\nall over face and neck and allow to dry.\n\n### A Few Tips\n\nYou should mix up a new batch of homemade face toner every few days for\nmaximum results. Vitamin C oxidizes quickly, so its effectiveness will\ndiminish after a few days. Because Vitamin C oxidizes even faster when exposed\nto light, it’s also very important this toner be stored in a dark-colored\nglass bottle.\n\nNote: Some people are sensitive to ascorbic acid, so you may want to test the\ntoner on a small area of skin before applying all over. (Apply to a small\narea, wait 24 hours, then check for a reaction.)\n\nYou may also be interested in making your own homemade face moisturizer!\n\n#### Have you ever made a homemade face toner? If so, what were your results?\n\n*******\n\nReferences\n\n * http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/m/pubmed/12823436/\n * http://www.lef.org/magazine/mag2009/may2009_Revitalizing-Aging-Skin-with-Topical-Vitamin-C_01.htm\n\nShares10FacebookTweetPinEmailPrint\n\n#### About Betsy Jabs\n\nBetsy holds a bachelor's degree in Psychology and a Master's degree in\nCounseling, and for nearly a decade worked as an elementary counselor. In 2011\nshe left her counseling career to pursue healthy living. She loves using DIY\nNatural as a way to educate people to depend on themselves to nourish their\nbodies and live happier healthier lives. Connect with Betsy on Facebook,\nTwitter, and her +Betsy Jabs Google profile.\n\nPAID ENDORSEMENT DISCLOSURE: In order for us to support our website\nactivities, we may receive monetary compensation or other types of\nremuneration for our endorsement, recommendation, testimonial and/or link to\nany products or services from this website.\n\nDISCLAIMER: Information on DIY NaturalTM is not reviewed or endorsed by the\nFDA and is NOT intended to be substituted for the advice of your health care\nprofessional. If you rely solely upon this advice you do so at your own risk.\nRead full Disclaimer & Disclosure statements here.\n\n## More Posts You'll Love\n\n17\n\n### How To Clean an Essential Oil Diffuser Naturally\n\nLearning how to clean a diffuser is pretty simple. To clean an essential oil\ndiffuser you need only water, vinegar, and essential oils.\n\n23717\n\n### Natural Homemade Mosquito/Insect/Bug Repellent\n\nThis natural homemade mosquito repellent works for mosquitos, flies, and other\ninsects. Apply your DIY mosquito repellent with confidence.\n\n58\n\n### How to Make A Quick and Easy Bee Watering Station!\n\nYou’ve heard of birdbaths but nobody ever thinks about a bee waterer for\nhoneybees! Here is a simple way to make a DIY bee watering station.\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Carol L says\n\nNovember 7, 2019 at 9:15 am\n\nYour link to the spice grinder links to your blog post on cleaners.....could\nyou please post the correct link? Thank you.\n\n 2. Shynnel Elliott says\n\nNovember 7, 2019 at 9:11 am\n\nThis blog is amazing but I just wasn’t getting everything I needed from it .\nAre you looking to find home remedies that could help you with everything from\nchapped lips to better gut health. I’ve been using this book for as long as I\ncan remember and I never do anything without checking it first. Click the link\nto see if this book is right for you. Hope it helps! shorturl.at/nqDQ4\n\n 3. Carol L says\n\nOctober 30, 2019 at 10:54 pm\n\nHi Patti, we use and love this spice grinder! This link takes you to your\nhomepage.....Could you please give the correct link?\n\n 4. Jan says\n\nFebruary 23, 2014 at 8:47 am\n\nI used a Vit. C tablet, grind it up really fine (since that was all I\nhad)added it to a very small amount of hot water to melt it.\n\n 5. Hope says\n\nFebruary 22, 2014 at 5:26 pm\n\nThank you very much for this recipe. I was just wondering what other oils\ncontain vitamin E and easier to find ? and also, the only vitamin C I have is\nsupplement tablets with 1000mg concentration along with 800mg calcium\ncarbonate.. can I use them ? and if so, how much of them would be enough to\nwork ?\n\n * Betsy Jabs says\n\nFebruary 23, 2014 at 9:44 pm\n\nThe oils Vitamin E is most commonly found in are corn oil and soybean oil.\nHowever, I wouldn’t recommend using either of those oils for cooking or in\nbeauty products. They are likely to be made from GMO crops, and you’ll only be\ngetting a small amount of Vitamin E in them. You can actually find Vitamin E\noil in most pharmacies/drug stores. If you can’t find it there, I would\nrecommend leaving it out of the recipe. You can certainly go ahead and use\nyour crushed tablets for this toner. Use about double the amount of crushed\nVitamin C tablet. I’m not sure about the calcium carbonate tablet\nthough...you’ll have to experiment with it.\n\n 6. Pat E. says\n\nFebruary 17, 2014 at 8:10 am\n\nJust purchase hydrosols and can’t wait to try this!! Thanks for sharing your\nrecipe!\n\n 7. Kim Look says\n\nFebruary 10, 2014 at 11:03 pm\n\nAscorbic acid is still a partially synthetic by-product of naturally occurring\nVitamin C. When I ask Dr. Tracy Gibbs, a PhD in Pharmacognosy (the study of\nmedicinal properties of plants), how non-PhD people are suppose to understand\nwhats real and what’s not, he says “have you ever seen an ascorbic acid tree”?\nThere is a product that is the most natural I have ever seen (made from\nAcerola Cherries and Rose Hips), open the capsule and mix as suggested or mix\nright into your coconut oil as a natural moisturizer and anti-aging remedy.\n\n * Betsy Jabs says\n\nFebruary 13, 2014 at 7:03 pm\n\nYou’re absolutely correct about ascorbic acid being a partially synthetic by-\nproduct. However, the research I’ve found about Vitamin C skincare products\nall refers to ascorbic acid. So I used this in my recipe because I don’t have\na lab and a team of researchers to determine whether Vitamin C from berries &\nother foods has the exact same effect. However, we encourage everyone to use\nonly the ingredients they’re comfortable with!\n\n 8. Lochi says\n\nFebruary 6, 2014 at 8:02 pm\n\nHI, Is citric acid and ascorbic acid the same thing? I have the citric acid\nfrom your dishwasher recipe, is it the same thing to use in this recipe?\n\n * Betsy Jabs says\n\nFebruary 6, 2014 at 8:07 pm\n\nGood question Lochi. No, citric acid and ascorbic acid are not the same thing.\nYou should not use citric acid in this recipe.\n\n 9. Jan says\n\nFebruary 1, 2014 at 5:56 am\n\nThe ascorbic acid that you use has 2500 mg in 1/4 t. according to the bottle.\nThat probably corresponds to some amount needed in each spray to be effective\n(just a guess, I’m no scientist!). So my thought is, one would have to have a\nVit C source pretty concentrated in order to have the same dosage without\nbeing bulky. I not familiar with a Vit. C stick that Heather mentioned, so\npossibly look at the amount of Vit C vs the amount of the stick necessary to\nobtain 2500 mg?? (just a thought!) Thank you for this recipe!\n\n 10. Ginger says\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 2:22 pm\n\nCan you replace the hydrosol with anything? Just wondering and thanks\n\n * Betsy Jabs says\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 5:46 pm\n\nSure you can, Ginger! You could use pure aloe vera gel, water, witch hazel,\nvegetable glycerin, etc. I just love the hydrosols (especially rose) because\nthey are great skin toners themselves. Have fun with this recipe!\n\n 11. Janet says\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 9:13 am\n\nThank you for this facial toner recipe. Can Walgreen’s brand of absorbic acid\nbe used here? I have 2 giant full bottles of it because I learned that\nabsorbic acid is only one component of vitamin C and is detrimental for\ningesting. Thank you.\n\n * Betsy Jabs says\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 5:45 pm\n\nYes, you can use the ascorbic acid you have. We’re actually doing the same –\nusing up some bottles that we used to take internally, but have switched to a\nwhole-foods based real Vitamin C powder for internal use. 🙂\n\n 12. Lisa says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 2:25 pm\n\nThanks for posting this!\n\n 13. Patti says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 10:42 am\n\nwhat kind of spice grinder do you use?\n\n * Matt Jabs says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 12:52 pm\n\nHi Patti, we use and love this spice grinder!\n\n 14. Heather-Joan Carls says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 9:53 am\n\nHi! I have a stick of vitamin C but I do not have any of the ingredients you\nmentioned nor any essential oils or anything of the like. How would I use it\nalone then? Can it melted down and applied alone? Can I mix it in with my\ncurrent moisturizer? I use Covergirl BB cream. Thanks!\n\n * Matt Jabs says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 10:03 am\n\nHi Heather, we have no idea, you’ll need to pick up the ingredients if you\nwant to make this recipe, but if you figure it out be sure to let us know.\nBlessings!\n\n * Heather-Joan Carls says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 1:05 pm\n\nHi Matt! I will let you know if I come up with something or end up using your\nrecipe. Maybe you could even do a post about using a stick of vitamin C in a\nrecipe 🙂 Thanks for replying! I do appreciate it! Blessings!\n\n 15. Stephanie says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 9:19 am\n\nI find the oil soluble forms of Vit C to be far more stable. I also wouldn’t\nuse any form of soy. You can sub out the soy Vit E for meadowfoam oil, which\nis very high in Vit E. Use a bit of sunflower lecithin to emulsify rose\nhydrosol with the oils and you’re good to go!\n\n * Matt Jabs says\n\nJanuary 27, 2014 at 10:07 am\n\nThis soy-derived vitamin E is non-GMO so there’s no concern.\n\n * Stephanie says\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 3:35 pm\n\nThere are just too many negatives about soy, so I avoid it like the plague! 😉\n\n * Matt Jabs says\n\nJanuary 28, 2014 at 4:12 pm\n\nIt’s all about the source.\n\n#### About Matt & Betsy\n\nMatt and Betsy are passionate about living naturally and building a like-\nminded community focused on the sustainable lifestyle.\n\nDIY Natural is about rediscovering the traditional value of doing things\nyourself, doing them naturally, and enjoying the benefits. Welcome to the\nmovement! (read more)\n\n#### Our Recent Stuff\n\n * A Healthy and Natural Homemade Electrolyte Drink\n * 12 Natural Snake Repellents To Get Rid of Snakes\n * How To Clean an Essential Oil Diffuser Naturally\n * Homemade Face Wash: A Natural Face Wash Recipe\n * Natural Homemade Mosquito/Insect/Bug Repellent\n\nCopyright © 2009 - 2021 DIY NaturalTM Privacy Policy | Disclaimer and\nDisclosure\n\nBack to Top\n\nAll rights reserved. No content on this site may be reused in any fashion\nwithout written permission. By using this site, you are agreeing to the site’s\nterms of use. DIY NaturalTM is a trademark of The Jabs Group, LLC.\n\nShare this ArticleLike this article? Email it to a friend!\n\nEmail sent!\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://cleanbeauty101.follain.com/facial-massage-steps/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411185440/https://cleanbeauty101.follain.com/facial-massage-steps/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Give Yourself a Facial Massge",
"passages": [
"There are lots of reasons we love a good facial massage. Not only can it reduce tension in your facial muscles, improve complexion, and reduce stress, but it can also help your products absorb better into your skin. And better yet, you don’t need to book a day at the spa to reap these benefits and more.",
"For a lesson on how to create your own facial massage ritual at home, we turned to our friends at OSEA, who have their very own skincare studio in Venice Beach, California. Here are their step-by-step instructions:",
"3. Pump facial oil onto fingertips and into palm of hands. Warm by rubbing hands together to awaken essential oils and your senses. Allow yourself one to three deep inhalations to center, ground and signal to your body that it is time to relax and enjoy these nurturing moments of self-care.",
"4. Begin by gently patting your heart center, the space above the breast tissue and below the collar bones. Pump the area three to eight times, while breathing mindfully.",
"5. Apply oil by gently patting onto the front of neck, the lips, the cheeks, the under-eye area, finishing with the forehead.",
"6. Using the pads of your fingertips of your index, middle, and ring fingers, gently glide along the neck moving from collar bone to under chin, using 8 upward strokes.",
"7. Moving to the center of chin, place pads of index fingers in center and move horizontally outward towards ears, remaining on jawline. Repeat one to three times.",
"8. Acupressure: Place one pointer finger pad above lips onto your cupid’s bow and apply medium, static pressure to this point for one to three breaths. This is a Chinese acupressure point known to help ease the mind, stress, and even relieve muscle cramps. After you finish your mindful breaths, from this position, add your second index finger then glide out horizontally towards your ears. Repeat one to three times.",
"9. Reducing pressure to feather light and using ring fingers, glide horizontally from under eyes toward temples. Repeat one to three times.",
"10. Using both index fingers with light to medium pressure and alternating one after the other, apply quick, upward stokes to lift between brows in center of forehead by eyes, one finger after the other to smooth fine lines between brows. Repeat 10 to 20 times.",
"11. Acupressure: Gently pinch under and above brow to give the eyes a lift using the thumb and index fingers. Hold three points, for 10 seconds each.",
"12. Massage temples using index and middle fingers in a circular motion for a minimum of 8 seconds or eight rotations.",
"13. From the third eye point (located on the forehead, between your eye brows), gently glide the index fingers horizontally and bi-laterally from center of forehead out towards temples/outer hairline, until you reach the top of the forehead (for most people this will be two to three pathways on the forehead).",
"14. Once you reach the top of the forehead, reverse by gliding horizontally from center of forehead towards temples/outer hairline across entirety of forehead, from under eyes (lightening pressure) towards temples, from the cheeks towards the ears, from cupids bow towards the ears, from the center of the chin towards the ears.",
"15. Shifting pressure to be feather light, glide down the neck three times, guiding lymph away from face and toward the heart.",
"16. Ending with both hands on your heart center, apply three to eight pumps and stroke outward with each hand towards shoulders. Should you choose, you may wish to clasp hands together in a prayer-style hold of gratitude for this time of mindful self-care. Namaste."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Give Yourself a Facial Massge - Clean Beauty 101\n\nFeatured, Living\n\n# How to Give Yourself a Heart-Centered Self-Care Facial Massage\n\nApril 3, 2019\n\n| by Follain |\n\n0 Likes\n\n# How to Give Yourself a Heart-Centered Self-Care Facial Massage\n\nThere are lots of reasons we love a good facial massage. Not only can it\nreduce tension in your facial muscles, improve complexion, and reduce stress,\nbut it can also help your products absorb better into your skin. And better\nyet, you don’t need to book a day at the spa to reap these benefits and more.\n\nFor a lesson on how to create your own facial massage ritual at home, we\nturned to our friends at OSEA, who have their very own skincare studio in\nVenice Beach, California. Here are their step-by-step instructions:\n\n1\\. Cleanse skin and gently pat dry.\n\n2\\. Mist with toner.\n\n3\\. Pump facial oil onto fingertips and into palm of hands. Warm by rubbing\nhands together to awaken essential oils and your senses. Allow yourself one to\nthree deep inhalations to center, ground and signal to your body that it is\ntime to relax and enjoy these nurturing moments of self-care.\n\n4\\. Begin by gently patting your heart center, the space above the breast\ntissue and below the collar bones. Pump the area three to eight times, while\nbreathing mindfully.\n\n5\\. Apply oil by gently patting onto the front of neck, the lips, the cheeks,\nthe under-eye area, finishing with the forehead.\n\n6\\. Using the pads of your fingertips of your index, middle, and ring fingers,\ngently glide along the neck moving from collar bone to under chin, using 8\nupward strokes.\n\n7\\. Moving to the center of chin, place pads of index fingers in center and\nmove horizontally outward towards ears, remaining on jawline. Repeat one to\nthree times.\n\n8\\. Acupressure: Place one pointer finger pad above lips onto your cupid’s bow\nand apply medium, static pressure to this point for one to three breaths. This\nis a Chinese acupressure point known to help ease the mind, stress, and even\nrelieve muscle cramps. After you finish your mindful breaths, from this\nposition, add your second index finger then glide out horizontally towards\nyour ears. Repeat one to three times.\n\n9\\. Reducing pressure to feather light and using ring fingers, glide\nhorizontally from under eyes toward temples. Repeat one to three times.\n\n10\\. Using both index fingers with light to medium pressure and alternating\none after the other, apply quick, upward stokes to lift between brows in\ncenter of forehead by eyes, one finger after the other to smooth fine lines\nbetween brows. Repeat 10 to 20 times.\n\n11\\. Acupressure: Gently pinch under and above brow to give the eyes a lift\nusing the thumb and index fingers. Hold three points, for 10 seconds each.\n\n12\\. Massage temples using index and middle fingers in a circular motion for a\nminimum of 8 seconds or eight rotations.\n\n13\\. From the third eye point (located on the forehead, between your eye\nbrows), gently glide the index fingers horizontally and bi-laterally from\ncenter of forehead out towards temples/outer hairline, until you reach the top\nof the forehead (for most people this will be two to three pathways on the\nforehead).\n\n14\\. Once you reach the top of the forehead, reverse by gliding horizontally\nfrom center of forehead towards temples/outer hairline across entirety of\nforehead, from under eyes (lightening pressure) towards temples, from the\ncheeks towards the ears, from cupids bow towards the ears, from the center of\nthe chin towards the ears.\n\n15\\. Shifting pressure to be feather light, glide down the neck three times,\nguiding lymph away from face and toward the heart.\n\n16\\. Ending with both hands on your heart center, apply three to eight pumps\nand stroke outward with each hand towards shoulders. Should you choose, you\nmay wish to clasp hands together in a prayer-style hold of gratitude for this\ntime of mindful self-care. Namaste.\n\nApril 3, 2019\n\n## Read It Next\n\n * ##### Your Weekend Plans: DIY Citrus Bath\n\n * ##### Why a Pregnancy Detox is Important and How to Do It\n\n * ##### What We’re Gifting Our Moms This Year\n\n### Sign-Up to Get the Latest Clean Beauty News!\n\nGet 10% off your First Order at Follain.com\n\n##### Learn More\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Subscribe\n\n##### Read More\n\n * Skincare\n * Makeup\n * Living\n\n##### Keep In Touch\n\nhelp@follain.com\n\nBrought to you by\n\n© Follain Launch, Inc. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policy | Terms &\nConditions Made with by Niall Flynn\n\n## GET 10% OFF + FREE SHIPPING AT FOLLAIN.COM\n\n### Sign up for our emails to save on your first order.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://homemadeforelle.com/10-simple-exfoliating-face-scrubs/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210510221829/https://homemadeforelle.com/10-simple-exfoliating-face-scrubs/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "13 Simple Exfoliating Face Scrubs ⋆ Homemade for Elle",
"passages": [
"I have been using the Oil Cleansing Method to wash my face for almost a year now! My face feels moisturized, healthy and I am having fewer breakouts. For my skin, this organic and homemade face wash works great for me.",
"About once a week though, my skin needs a simple exfoliating face scrubs. Exfoliating helps remove the dead skin cells and other remaining impurities. It also helps keep my complexion clear and my skin looking healthy.",
"The beauty industry has a million products that will exfoliate your skin. Products that contain plastics, irritating fragrances, glycerin, parabens, phthalates and other questionable ingredients. These commercial products might cause damage to the delicate facial skin.",
"The good news is that you can make your own simple exfoliating face scrubs at home, really easily! They’re inexpensive and good for your skin. If your skin has needed a pick-me-up, check out the simple exfoliating face scrubs below:",
"Combine all ingredients in a small bowl. Using the tips of your fingers, gently rub scrub into clean face. Take care to avoid the eyes. Remove by rinsing with cool water, and pat dry with a clean towel. Add on a layer of oil as a moisturizer, if necessary.",
"Combine coconut oil and sugar in a small bowl, and stir to combine. Rub sugar face scrub into clean facial or neck skin, using gentle circular motions, for 60 seconds. Rinse dry with warm water.",
"This is an easy recipe to whip up when you don’t have a lot of time. You can increase the ratios to make more of the mix, and store for up to 3 months. If you live in a hotter climate, you may want to store this mixture in the fridge, as coconut oil has a relatively low melting point.",
"Mix all ingredients together in a small bowl. Lather generously onto clean face, rubbing gently into the skin for 60 seconds. Allow to set on skin for 10 minutes, if desired, then rinse clean with warm water.",
"Combine all ingredients in a small food processor, and blend until smooth. Add a generous layer to clean face, and allow to sit for 15 minutes. Rinse clean with warm water.",
"Whisk together olive oil, honey, and lemon juice in a small bowl, until combined. Stir in sugar until fully combined. Gently rub into facial skin in circular motions, for about one minute. Rinse off skin with warm water.",
"Run oatmeal through the blender to break it up a bit. You don’t want it be too powdery, just break it up a tiny bit. Transfer oatmeal to a small bowl, then add remaining ingredients and stir to combine. To use, gently rub into facial skin with circular motions. Leave on the skin for 5 – 10 minutes, then rinse with warm water.",
"I love this scrub because the Honey, Oatmeal, Nutmeg, Lavender and tea tree essential oils may help to reduce breakouts, even skin tone, and moisturize. Find step-by-step instructions and pictures here.",
"Oats, honey and olive oil make this a little different spin from the honey and oatmeal facial scrub. But it’s incredibly simple and great for skin that is aching for moisture. Here is my recipe here.",
"Tomato Sugar Face Scrub: This scrub is made with lycopene-filled tomatoes (which may help protect against harmful UV Rays) and sugar.",
"Oatmeal-Lavender Face Scrub: Oatmeal, lavender flowers, baking soda and sea salt go into this mix to make up this unique and wonderfully fragrant face scrub.",
"Coffee Face Scrub: Olive oil, organic honey and coffee grinds are mixed together to create this stimulating and energizing scrub.",
"Homemade Facial Masks: Once you’re done with your simple exfoliating face scrubs, try one of these 9 awesome homemade facial masks! All the recipes are listed in one place for ease of access! 😉",
"Don’t want to make your own exfoliating face scrubs? No problem! There are plenty of great, natural face scrubs you can buy. Here are a few of my favorite:",
"Now that your skin is gloriously exfoliated, try a DIY Face Mask! There are 8 homemade recipes that your skin will absolutely love.",
"Which one of these simple exfoliating face scrubs do you want to try? What is your favorite simple exfoliating face scrubs?",
"I love learning how to create things from scratch, so I know what ingredients go into everything from homemade face scrubs to clean eating recipes. I enjoy sharing my favorite recipes with other families so they can have a healthier home, too!",
"Great sharing! Thank you, I wish to do something DIY for my 17-year-old girl. I think I will help her with those you share.",
"That’s amazing Simple Exfoliating Face Scrubs at home. I have to try all of that recipe. Thanks for sharing and love your site",
"I love this scrub. I use it 3 times per week and it just makes my skin feel so soft and deeply cleansed. I have very sensitive skin which can go red soo easily but after exfoliating with this scrub it only goes slightly pink, which is good for me.",
"use cold compressed rose oil on scars and massage.after 30 mins steam your face and them wash off with cold water.",
"I have a sensitive skin and my face has been smooth and nice until last 3 months I tried a new Organic soap and there’s been an outburst of acne and my face is covered with spots, it’s a complete nightmare because I’ve tried several products to correct this issue but all to no avail. Please I need advices and recommendations. Thanks",
"apply some olive oil at night .massage it well and then hit the bed.use rosewater to massage your skin in the morning.steam your face with turmeric water atleast once a week and wash your face with a cool water. exfoliate your skin gently with some sugar scrub atleast twice a week.",
"U may like to try removing dair from your diet for a week. I know many ppl who have been helped by this simple tip. It may help u, since many ppl cannot digest dairy products.",
"use cold compressed rose oil on scars and massage.after 30 mins steam your face and them wash off with cold water.",
"Hi!” 🙂 I love these recepies! 🙂 How do you treat your skin after? Do you apply moisturizer? If yes do you have any tips for natural once? Thank you <3",
"Yes, I do apply a moisturizer after using many homemade face scrubs. My favorite is Heritage Stone Rosewater & Glycerin (https://amzn.to/3a2BSFI)",
"All of these masks are so amazing. Olive oil and oats are so moisturizing but i also make a scrub with albolene, brown sugar and turmeric. A bit of a weird mix but it works wonders for me.",
"The sugar face scrub is always my favorite because its the simplest and easiest to prepare and second is the blueberry and honey loved the combination it brightens skin thanks for your amazing ideas.",
"I find baking soda to be the best homemade scrub for the face, though it can be a bit too abrasive on the skin sometimes. But for those days when skin is dry and flaky, it’s perfect with a little help from a gentle cleanser. If you don’t want abrasives, you can also try honey for your face as directed here. Love the ideas!",
"Hi, thank you for this useful information! Do you have a good DIY facial scrub combination for sensitive skin that has blemishes/problem skin? I have blemishes as well as an uneven skin tone. I have been looking for a good DIY facial scrub that will target this but unsure what to use. Thanks!",
"Can’t wait to whip a couple of these up with my daughters when they’re home for the holidays. It will be a fun way to spend time together and pamper ourselves.",
"You just answered the question of what I’m going to make as Christmas gifts this year! Can’t wait to get started.",
"This is perfect, I’m hosting a DIY Spa Girls Night at my house tomorrow night and we’ll have to try a couple of these! Thanks",
"Hi Andrea, can I use honey, sugar and orange and not use lemon? I just want to lighten up a bit",
"Every time you shower. Doctors suggestion showering every other day or two or you dry your natural oils out. If you stink, obviously shower more.",
"I will start my natural skincare routine from today itself. I am really very excited to start it. I will tell about my progress.",
"So, I’m not super big on all the sugar in these, because I know it’s better than eating it, but I was wondering if we could use other granules? I’ve heard of using nut shells, but I don’t think I could grind them well enough. Do you have any suggestions like ground pine needles, baked sand, or or something like that?",
"the advantage of using sugars is that it is soluble in water so will not block your drain pipes. Things like sand, pine needles, nut shells are insoluble in water and will clog your drain pipes. Just a consideration.",
"Can i make a facial scrub containing honey cucumber oats granulated sugar, coconut oil olive oil and Shea butter. Will that harm me?",
"I can’t imagine any of those ingredients would harm you – I imagine you would have to melt the shea butter to get it to mix with the oats and sugar.",
"Hi Arissa – I think many of these will keep in the fridge for about a week. Is there one in particular you had in mind?",
"So glad you’re enjoying the scrubs!! I usually will gently rub the scrub in circles for a minute, before rinsing.",
"Hello! I was wondering how long do these usually last? Should they be refrigerated? Can I make them in bulk and store to use when needed? Love them! I want to make them all and use them on my “girls night in” party in a few weeks and would like to get them done soon, I have some free time coming up. Also, so they dry out?",
"Hi NIcole – I think all of these should last up to a week in the fridge – except the blueberry and honey scrub, which would probably only last a day at most. They shouldn’t dry out as long as you have them covered (mason jars would probably be a good way to store them!). A girls night in party sounds super fun!",
"Hi Andrea I made a face scrub with a mix of honey lemon sugar, and its been out of the refrigerator for months but the sugar is no longer in granules its melted to a liquid form! Is it still healthy to use?",
"Hello! I probably would toss it. Several months is a bit long for a scrub that hasn’t been refrigerated, and if the sugar granules have dissolved, you lose the exfoliating properties of the scrub.",
"Absolutely love! Always on the look out for homemade skincare recipes. This leaves me busy for a while! Thank you 🙂 X",
"I love the Blueberry and Honey mask. I did it with my daughter. My skin feels fantastic and it was soooo fun!",
"Made the chocolate sugar face scrub and it is fantastic. My skin feels amazing. I will be recommending this to others. Thanks",
"Do these scrubs spoil easily because I like to have them in my fridge for a while due to the fact that I double the ingredients being too busy to make it often",
"You can add a preservative, scrubs come I’m contact with water so you’ll have to add preservatives to prevent bacterias from growing on them so they can stay longer .",
"If you were to add a preservative to these, about how long would they last at most? Also, do you recommend any preservatives that you’ve used personally with good results? Preferably something as close to “natural” as possible though I’ve read, no preservative is truly natural. I know Vitamin E is a good preservative that will keep it a little longer but I’m not sure if it’ll be long enough.",
"For body scrubs I use the regular granulated sugar, but for my face and lips, I use fine sugar, much smaller and gentler granules so I can use the scrubs daily if I want (and the recipes you provided are so delightful, I do enjoy them daily)~Also, just another note, these make wonderful hostess gifts or just no reason gifts for girlfriends. I brought a few of the scrubs into work the first time I made them, to experiment, and gave out tiny containers with each of the scrubs to my pottery students. I keep getting positive feedback on how heavenly the scrubs are~! So easy, so quick, so cheap. Thanks so much for posting 🙂",
"I applied himalaya face wash and it made my face oily and pimples and black spots and large pores coming and black heads it made my life nightmare what should I do",
"for the simple sugar face scrub, do we really need to use orange, lemon, lavender or melaleuca essential oil all together? or should we just pick one out of those 4?",
"Hello – you can do either! You can certainly only use one essential oil, or you can combine 2, 3, or 4 together. If you use multiple oils, just make sure to only use the number of drops in the recipe and divide by the number of essential oils you’re using.",
"I use the 2-ingredient face scrub once a week. I always have sugar and coconut oil on hand and this simple scrub works so well!",
"I’ve been wanting to make a homemade face scrub with my daughter. Now I can make 13 of them! Thanks for the great ideas, she’ll be thrilled to be able to make our own face scrubs.",
"Are you able to store these face scrubs in a jar for a period of time? If so for how long? Love these ideas but i travel a lot so would like to bring them with me! 🙂",
"I assume you could with the honey and oatmeal face scrub but only for maybe a week. No longer ?",
"Hi, I actually know a great tip for that. You can use sugar and water to rejuvenate your lips. First, dampen the affected area with water, then dip your finger into a small cup of sugar. Apply the sugar onto your lips and “scrub” off the dead skin or flakiness you’re experiencing. You can also brush it off using your toothbrush the next time you brush your teeth, just not too rough of course. Hope this helps! Good luck 🙂",
"I want to make the sugar scrub for baby shower gifts, in pink, it’s a girl. Is this not a good idea? How long would they be good for? Can I color it pink with regular food coloring?",
"I think this is a great idea! You can certainly make a basic facial sugar scrub (you could even do a body scrub -https://homemadeforelle.com/homemade- sugar-scrub-recipe/). I wouldn’t recommend coloring a facial scrub, but it would be fine to color a body scrub. If you want it to turn out pink, I would recommend using beet root powder (http://amzn.to/2FQkQfv), since it is naturally sourced, but yes – you could also use a drop or two of food coloring, as well.",
"Thank you to the person who made this post. These homemade facial scrubs ideas are so helpful simply because most of these ingredients are already have in our home.",
"Hi everyone,I read all the comments,and they are are good,but I love the sugar scrub the most,but they all are interesting,",
"Welcome to Homemade for Elle! I love creating homemade face scrubs, clean eating recipes, and everything else homemade! I share weekly recipes that can help you have a healthier home."
]
},
"parsed_md": "13 Simple Exfoliating Face Scrubs ⋆ Homemade for Elle\n\n#### DIY Beauty Tutorials + Pampering Tips + More\n\nSubscribe\n\n↑\n\n * Bath\n\n * Bath Bombs\n * Body Scrubs and Soaks\n * Creams and Lotions\n * Beauty\n\n * DIY Lip Scrubs\n * Facial Recipes\n * Healthier Hair\n * Healthy Lips and Teeth\n * Clean Eating\n\n * Appetizers\n * Desserts\n * Fermenting\n * Main Dishes\n * Weekly Meal Plans\n * Keto\n * About me\n\n * Contact Me\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nHomemade for Elle\n\nDIY Beauty & Bath Recipes for Everyone\n\n#### Subscribe\n\nDIY Beauty Tutorials + Pampering Tips + More\n\nYou are here: Home\n\n/ Beauty\n\n/ 13 Simple Exfoliating Face Scrubs\n\n# 13 Simple Exfoliating Face Scrubs\n\nBy Andrea Vaughan | Updated on September 15, 2020\n\n1994shares\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Yummly 5\n * Flipboard\n\nLooking for easy, inexpensive homemade face scrubs? Below are 13 simple\nexfoliating face scrubs that your skin will love!\n\nI have been using the Oil Cleansing Method to wash my face for almost a year\nnow! My face feels moisturized, healthy and I am having fewer breakouts. For\nmy skin, this organic and homemade face wash works great for me.\n\nAbout once a week though, my skin needs a simple exfoliating face scrubs.\nExfoliating helps remove the dead skin cells and other remaining impurities.\nIt also helps keep my complexion clear and my skin looking healthy.\n\nThe beauty industry has a million products that will exfoliate your skin.\nProducts that contain plastics, irritating fragrances, glycerin, parabens,\nphthalates and other questionable ingredients. These commercial products might\ncause damage to the delicate facial skin.\n\nThe good news is that you can make your own simple exfoliating face scrubs at\nhome, really easily! They’re inexpensive and good for your skin. If your skin\nhas needed a pick-me-up, check out the simple exfoliating face scrubs below:\n\n### Simple Sugar Face Scrub\n\n * 1 tsp organic cane sugar (or granulated sugar)\n * 2 drops of water\n * 1 – 2 drops orange, lemon, lavender or tea tree essential oil (optional)\n\nHow you do it:\n\nCombine all ingredients in a small bowl. Using the tips of your fingers,\ngently rub scrub into clean face. Take care to avoid the eyes. Remove by\nrinsing with cool water, and pat dry with a clean towel. Add on a layer of oil\nas a moisturizer, if necessary.\n\n### 2 Ingredient Sugar DIY Face Scrub\n\n * 1 tbsp coconut oil\n * 2 tbsp sugar\n\nHow you do it:\n\nCombine coconut oil and sugar in a small bowl, and stir to combine. Rub sugar\nface scrub into clean facial or neck skin, using gentle circular motions, for\n60 seconds. Rinse dry with warm water.\n\nThis is an easy recipe to whip up when you don’t have a lot of time. You can\nincrease the ratios to make more of the mix, and store for up to 3 months. If\nyou live in a hotter climate, you may want to store this mixture in the\nfridge, as coconut oil has a relatively low melting point.\n\n### Chocolate Sugar Homemade Face Scrub\n\n * 1/4 cup brown sugar\n * 1/8 cup olive oil\n * 1 tbsp cocoa powder\n * 1/4 tsp vanilla extract\n\nHow you do it:\n\nMix all ingredients together in a small bowl. Lather generously onto clean\nface, rubbing gently into the skin for 60 seconds. Allow to set on skin for 10\nminutes, if desired, then rinse clean with warm water.\n\n### Blueberry and Honey Exfoliating Face Scrub\n\n * 1/2 cup fresh blueberries\n * 2 tbsp honey (raw and local is best)\n * 1 – 2 tbsp sugar\n\nHow you do it:\n\nCombine all ingredients in a small food processor, and blend until smooth. Add\na generous layer to clean face, and allow to sit for 15 minutes. Rinse clean\nwith warm water.\n\n### Lemon and Sugar Face Scrub\n\n * 1 tbsp olive oil\n * 1 tbsp organic honey\n * juice from 1/2 lemon\n * 1/2 cup granulated sugar\n\nHow you do it:\n\nWhisk together olive oil, honey, and lemon juice in a small bowl, until\ncombined. Stir in sugar until fully combined. Gently rub into facial skin in\ncircular motions, for about one minute. Rinse off skin with warm water.\n\nFind the instructions on how to turn this into a body scrub here.\n\n### Honey and Oatmeal Facial Scrub\n\n * 1/2 cup of uncooked oats\n * 2 tbsp honey\n * 1 tsp nutmeg\n * 15 drops lavender essential oil\n * 15 drops tea tree essential oil\n * 1 tsp dried lavender (optional)\n\nHow you do it:\n\nRun oatmeal through the blender to break it up a bit. You don’t want it be too\npowdery, just break it up a tiny bit. Transfer oatmeal to a small bowl, then\nadd remaining ingredients and stir to combine. To use, gently rub into facial\nskin with circular motions. Leave on the skin for 5 – 10 minutes, then rinse\nwith warm water.\n\nI love this scrub because the Honey, Oatmeal, Nutmeg, Lavender and tea tree\nessential oils may help to reduce breakouts, even skin tone, and moisturize.\nFind step-by-step instructions and pictures here.\n\n### Facial Scrub for Dry Skin\n\n * 1/4 cup uncooked oats\n * 1/8 cup honey\n * 1/8 cup olive oil\n\nOats, honey and olive oil make this a little different spin from the honey and\noatmeal facial scrub. But it’s incredibly simple and great for skin that is\naching for moisture. Here is my recipe here.\n\n### Awesome simple exfoliating face scrubs from other bloggers!\n\n * Tomato Sugar Face Scrub: This scrub is made with lycopene-filled tomatoes (which may help protect against harmful UV Rays) and sugar.\n * Oatmeal-Lavender Face Scrub: Oatmeal, lavender flowers, baking soda and sea salt go into this mix to make up this unique and wonderfully fragrant face scrub.\n * Coffee Face Scrub: Olive oil, organic honey and coffee grinds are mixed together to create this stimulating and energizing scrub.\n * Papaya Face Mask: Papayas and honey sugar come together to exfoliate and dissolve dead skin cells and moisturize.\n * Homemade Facial Masks: Once you’re done with your simple exfoliating face scrubs, try one of these 9 awesome homemade facial masks! All the recipes are listed in one place for ease of access! 😉\n\n### Buy Exfoliating Face Scrubs\n\nDon’t want to make your own exfoliating face scrubs? No problem! There are\nplenty of great, natural face scrubs you can buy. Here are a few of my\nfavorite:\n\n * Acure Brightening Facial Scrub, made with Sea Kelp and French Green Clay.\n * I also really like this Simple Kind to Skin Smoothing Facial Scrub!\n\n### Try a DIY Face Mask!\n\nNow that your skin is gloriously exfoliated, try a DIY Face Mask! There are 8\nhomemade recipes that your skin will absolutely love.\n\nWhich one of these simple exfoliating face scrubs do you want to try? What is\nyour favorite simple exfoliating face scrubs?\n\n### Related posts:\n\nHomemade Facial Masks\n\n13 Easy Homemade Lip Scrub Recipes {for softer lips!}\n\nHomemade Eye Cream\n\nBeautyCounter Overnight Resurfacing Peel {Review w/ Pics}\n\nAndrea Vaughan\n\nI love learning how to create things from scratch, so I know what ingredients\ngo into everything from homemade face scrubs to clean eating recipes. I enjoy\nsharing my favorite recipes with other families so they can have a healthier\nhome, too!\n\n« Previous Post\n\nNewer Post »\n\n##### Related topics:\n\nBeauty Facial Recipes\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Kenny says\n\nApril 15, 2021 at 12:51 am\n\nGreat sharing! Thank you, I wish to do something DIY for my 17-year-old girl.\nI think I will help her with those you share.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Felipa says\n\nNovember 11, 2020 at 8:41 pm\n\nThat’s amazing Simple Exfoliating Face Scrubs at home. I have to try all of\nthat recipe. Thanks for sharing and love your site\n\nReply\n\n 3. Dandre says\n\nSeptember 24, 2020 at 7:50 pm\n\nI love this scrub. I use it 3 times per week and it just makes my skin feel so\nsoft and deeply cleansed. I have very sensitive skin which can go red soo\neasily but after exfoliating with this scrub it only goes slightly pink, which\nis good for me.\n\nReply\n\n 4. keerthi says\n\nAugust 29, 2020 at 11:20 pm\n\nuse cold compressed rose oil on scars and massage.after 30 mins steam your\nface and them wash off with cold water.\n\nReply\n\n 5. Lesslie says\n\nAugust 24, 2020 at 9:06 am\n\nAmazing! Thank you for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Rachael says\n\nAugust 12, 2020 at 4:47 am\n\nI have a sensitive skin and my face has been smooth and nice until last 3\nmonths I tried a new Organic soap and there’s been an outburst of acne and my\nface is covered with spots, it’s a complete nightmare because I’ve tried\nseveral products to correct this issue but all to no avail. Please I need\nadvices and recommendations. Thanks\n\nReply\n\n * keerthi says\n\nAugust 29, 2020 at 11:18 pm\n\napply some olive oil at night .massage it well and then hit the bed.use\nrosewater to massage your skin in the morning.steam your face with turmeric\nwater atleast once a week and wash your face with a cool water. exfoliate your\nskin gently with some sugar scrub atleast twice a week.\n\nReply\n\n * stacey kersting says\n\nOctober 7, 2020 at 6:57 am\n\nU may like to try removing dair from your diet for a week. I know many ppl who\nhave been helped by this simple tip. It may help u, since many ppl cannot\ndigest dairy products.\n\nReply\n\n 7. Teetine says\n\nJuly 25, 2020 at 1:28 am\n\nMy face is scarred by acne. How can I blur it?\n\nReply\n\n * keerthi says\n\nAugust 29, 2020 at 11:21 pm\n\nuse cold compressed rose oil on scars and massage.after 30 mins steam your\nface and them wash off with cold water.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Lola says\n\nApril 24, 2020 at 5:15 am\n\nWhy are all these so delicious?\n\nReply\n\n 9. Sophia says\n\nApril 22, 2020 at 2:57 pm\n\nHi everyone, how can I get rid of whiteheads?It’s irritating and I don’t like\nit. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n * keerthu says\n\nAugust 29, 2020 at 11:22 pm\n\nuse charcol peel off mask.you can see the white heads on the mask after it is\ndried.\n\nReply\n\n 10. Dadoska says\n\nMarch 14, 2020 at 4:42 am\n\nHi!” 🙂 I love these recepies! 🙂 How do you treat your skin after? Do you apply\nmoisturizer? If yes do you have any tips for natural once? Thank you <3\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea Vaughan says\n\nMarch 18, 2020 at 11:11 am\n\nHello! So glad you love the recipes!\n\nYes, I do apply a moisturizer after using many homemade face scrubs. My\nfavorite is Heritage Stone Rosewater & Glycerin (https://amzn.to/3a2BSFI)\n\nReply\n\n 11. Carrie says\n\nJanuary 16, 2020 at 3:22 pm\n\nAll of these masks are so amazing. Olive oil and oats are so moisturizing but\ni also make a scrub with albolene, brown sugar and turmeric. A bit of a weird\nmix but it works wonders for me.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Glamcrazze says\n\nNovember 24, 2019 at 10:11 am\n\nThe sugar face scrub is always my favorite because its the simplest and\neasiest to prepare and second is the blueberry and honey loved the combination\nit brightens skin thanks for your amazing ideas.\n\nReply\n\n * Tabassum says\n\nFebruary 26, 2020 at 7:20 pm\n\nPlz guide me for two tone skin remove naturally\n\nReply\n\n * stacey kersting says\n\nOctober 7, 2020 at 7:00 am\n\nSea moss gel with sour cream or yogurt.\n\nReply\n\n 13. eatfrysmith says\n\nNovember 19, 2019 at 8:24 pm\n\n“Chocolate Sugar Homemade Face Scrub”. I like this way, it suits my skin very\nwell\n\nReply\n\n 14. Viva Glow says\n\nNovember 19, 2019 at 2:46 am\n\nI find baking soda to be the best homemade scrub for the face, though it can\nbe a bit too abrasive on the skin sometimes. But for those days when skin is\ndry and flaky, it’s perfect with a little help from a gentle cleanser. If you\ndon’t want abrasives, you can also try honey for your face as directed here.\nLove the ideas!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Katherine says\n\nNovember 6, 2019 at 8:39 am\n\nGood information. Lucky me I recently found your website by chance\n(stumbleupon).\n\nI’ve book-marked it for later!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Miriam says\n\nNovember 1, 2019 at 11:14 pm\n\nHi, thank you for this useful information! Do you have a good DIY facial scrub\ncombination for sensitive skin that has blemishes/problem skin? I have\nblemishes as well as an uneven skin tone. I have been looking for a good DIY\nfacial scrub that will target this but unsure what to use. Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 17. Susan says\n\nOctober 22, 2019 at 7:23 pm\n\nCan’t wait to whip a couple of these up with my daughters when they’re home\nfor the holidays. It will be a fun way to spend time together and pamper\nourselves.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Susan says\n\nOctober 22, 2019 at 7:11 pm\n\nYou just answered the question of what I’m going to make as Christmas gifts\nthis year! Can’t wait to get started.\n\nReply\n\n 19. rachel says\n\nOctober 11, 2019 at 8:07 am\n\nHi everyone!! among all those scrubs, which one is work perfect on your skin..\n\nReply\n\n * Leslie says\n\nOctober 22, 2019 at 5:09 am\n\nDon’t know yet, so excited to give a homemade scrub a try.\n\nReply\n\n 20. Erin says\n\nOctober 10, 2019 at 11:02 am\n\nThis is perfect, I’m hosting a DIY Spa Girls Night at my house tomorrow night\nand we’ll have to try a couple of these! Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 21. kadi says\n\nSeptember 2, 2019 at 1:13 pm\n\npls can I mix granulated sugar, oatmeal and lavender oil for face scrub?\n\nReply\n\n 22. June says\n\nJuly 27, 2019 at 1:50 am\n\nHi Andrea, can I use honey, sugar and orange and not use lemon? I just want to\nlighten up a bit\n\nReply\n\n * Maria says\n\nMay 19, 2020 at 9:35 pm\n\nI have very oily skin, so which combination would work for me?\n\nReply\n\n 23. Michelle says\n\nFebruary 17, 2019 at 12:07 pm\n\nHow often should you do the sugar scrub on your face ?\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nFebruary 17, 2019 at 12:52 pm\n\nHi Michelle,\n\nI wouldn’t do it more than once per week.\n\nReply\n\n * Robin says\n\nJuly 27, 2019 at 6:27 am\n\nEvery time you shower. Doctors suggestion showering every other day or two or\nyou dry your natural oils out. If you stink, obviously shower more.\n\nReply\n\n * Astha says\n\nSeptember 8, 2019 at 11:25 pm\n\nI will start my natural skincare routine from today itself. I am really very\nexcited to start it. I will tell about my progress.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Ashlyn says\n\nJanuary 27, 2019 at 10:13 pm\n\nSo, I’m not super big on all the sugar in these, because I know it’s better\nthan eating it, but I was wondering if we could use other granules? I’ve heard\nof using nut shells, but I don’t think I could grind them well enough. Do you\nhave any suggestions like ground pine needles, baked sand, or or something\nlike that?\n\nReply\n\n * multi says\n\nMay 6, 2019 at 5:54 am\n\nthe advantage of using sugars is that it is soluble in water so will not block\nyour drain pipes. Things like sand, pine needles, nut shells are insoluble in\nwater and will clog your drain pipes. Just a consideration.\n\nReply\n\n * Madeline Loyd says\n\nAugust 9, 2019 at 6:06 am\n\nSalt\n\nReply\n\n 25. kimberly ann says\n\nJanuary 24, 2019 at 4:54 am\n\nCan i make a facial scrub containing honey cucumber oats granulated sugar,\ncoconut oil olive oil and Shea butter. Will that harm me?\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nJanuary 31, 2019 at 8:16 pm\n\nI can’t imagine any of those ingredients would harm you – I imagine you would\nhave to melt the shea butter to get it to mix with the oats and sugar.\n\nReply\n\n * arissa says\n\nJune 8, 2019 at 9:45 pm\n\nCan I refrigerate this too use it again ?\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nJune 11, 2019 at 6:04 pm\n\nHi Arissa – I think many of these will keep in the fridge for about a week. Is\nthere one in particular you had in mind?\n\nReply\n\n * Manvi says\n\nApril 30, 2019 at 9:38 pm\n\nFor how long am I supposed to scrub ? Loveeeed your scrubs ♥️♥️\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nMay 2, 2019 at 8:38 am\n\nHi Manvi,\n\nSo glad you’re enjoying the scrubs!! I usually will gently rub the scrub in\ncircles for a minute, before rinsing.\n\nReply\n\n 26. Nicole says\n\nJanuary 22, 2019 at 10:00 am\n\nHello! I was wondering how long do these usually last? Should they be\nrefrigerated? Can I make them in bulk and store to use when needed? Love them!\nI want to make them all and use them on my “girls night in” party in a few\nweeks and would like to get them done soon, I have some free time coming up.\nAlso, so they dry out?\n\nThank you\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nJanuary 22, 2019 at 8:31 pm\n\nHi NIcole – I think all of these should last up to a week in the fridge –\nexcept the blueberry and honey scrub, which would probably only last a day at\nmost. They shouldn’t dry out as long as you have them covered (mason jars\nwould probably be a good way to store them!). A girls night in party sounds\nsuper fun!\n\nReply\n\n 27. Kittypraise says\n\nDecember 9, 2018 at 12:26 am\n\nHi Andrea I made a face scrub with a mix of honey lemon sugar, and its been\nout of the refrigerator for months but the sugar is no longer in granules its\nmelted to a liquid form! Is it still healthy to use?\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nDecember 9, 2018 at 5:44 pm\n\nHello! I probably would toss it. Several months is a bit long for a scrub that\nhasn’t been refrigerated, and if the sugar granules have dissolved, you lose\nthe exfoliating properties of the scrub.\n\nReply\n\n 28. Anam says\n\nSeptember 25, 2018 at 11:45 pm\n\nAbsolutely love! Always on the look out for homemade skincare recipes. This\nleaves me busy for a while! Thank you 🙂 X\n\nReply\n\n 29. blessing oko says\n\nSeptember 1, 2018 at 3:39 pm\n\nso nice i will give it a try\n\nReply\n\n 30. Laura Janay says\n\nAugust 28, 2018 at 9:08 am\n\nI love the Blueberry and Honey mask. I did it with my daughter. My skin feels\nfantastic and it was soooo fun!\n\nReply\n\n 31. April-Marie Blake says\n\nAugust 4, 2018 at 10:37 pm\n\nMade the chocolate sugar face scrub and it is fantastic. My skin feels\namazing. I will be recommending this to others. Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 32. sarah says\n\nJune 14, 2018 at 8:01 am\n\nThank you! Very helpful\n\nReply\n\n 33. Grace.2023 says\n\nMay 14, 2018 at 8:49 pm\n\nI loved the chocolate scrub, made my face so smooth!\n\nReply\n\n 34. Tiana says\n\nMay 3, 2018 at 6:29 pm\n\nDo these scrubs spoil easily because I like to have them in my fridge for a\nwhile due to the fact that I double the ingredients being too busy to make it\noften\n\nReply\n\n * PEBA says\n\nDecember 8, 2018 at 12:35 am\n\nYou can add a preservative, scrubs come I’m contact with water so you’ll have\nto add preservatives to prevent bacterias from growing on them so they can\nstay longer .\n\nReply\n\n * Shann says\n\nJuly 24, 2019 at 8:16 pm\n\nIf you were to add a preservative to these, about how long would they last at\nmost? Also, do you recommend any preservatives that you’ve used personally\nwith good results? Preferably something as close to “natural” as possible\nthough I’ve read, no preservative is truly natural. I know Vitamin E is a good\npreservative that will keep it a little longer but I’m not sure if it’ll be\nlong enough.\n\nReply\n\n 35. violet says\n\nApril 26, 2018 at 2:38 pm\n\nWhich one of these works the best?\n\nReply\n\n 36. Nancy says\n\nApril 4, 2018 at 2:55 pm\n\nFor body scrubs I use the regular granulated sugar, but for my face and lips,\nI use fine sugar, much smaller and gentler granules so I can use the scrubs\ndaily if I want (and the recipes you provided are so delightful, I do enjoy\nthem daily)~Also, just another note, these make wonderful hostess gifts or\njust no reason gifts for girlfriends. I brought a few of the scrubs into work\nthe first time I made them, to experiment, and gave out tiny containers with\neach of the scrubs to my pottery students. I keep getting positive feedback on\nhow heavenly the scrubs are~! So easy, so quick, so cheap. Thanks so much for\nposting 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 37. Gargi says\n\nMarch 27, 2018 at 10:00 am\n\nFor coconut-sugar scrub shall I have to grind the sugar in small particles?\n\nReply\n\n 38. Pooja says\n\nFebruary 21, 2018 at 10:06 am\n\nHow long can I store the lemon sugar scrub?\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nFebruary 21, 2018 at 7:54 pm\n\nI think if you stored it in the refrigerator, it should last around 2 weeks.\n\nReply\n\n * Suman says\n\nApril 30, 2019 at 12:39 am\n\nI applied himalaya face wash and it made my face oily and pimples and black\nspots and large pores coming and black heads it made my life nightmare what\nshould I do\n\nReply\n\n 39. el says\n\nFebruary 9, 2018 at 3:17 pm\n\nfor the simple sugar face scrub, do we really need to use orange, lemon,\nlavender or melaleuca essential oil all together? or should we just pick one\nout of those 4?\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nFebruary 10, 2018 at 9:25 am\n\nHello – you can do either! You can certainly only use one essential oil, or\nyou can combine 2, 3, or 4 together. If you use multiple oils, just make sure\nto only use the number of drops in the recipe and divide by the number of\nessential oils you’re using.\n\nReply\n\n 40. Corinne says\n\nJanuary 10, 2018 at 7:07 am\n\nI use the 2-ingredient face scrub once a week. I always have sugar and coconut\noil on hand and this simple scrub works so well!\n\nReply\n\n 41. Susan says\n\nJanuary 9, 2018 at 7:35 pm\n\nI’ve been wanting to make a homemade face scrub with my daughter. Now I can\nmake 13 of them! Thanks for the great ideas, she’ll be thrilled to be able to\nmake our own face scrubs.\n\nReply\n\n 42. Katie says\n\nDecember 5, 2017 at 5:26 am\n\nAre you able to store these face scrubs in a jar for a period of time? If so\nfor how long? Love these ideas but i travel a lot so would like to bring them\nwith me! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Chloe says\n\nDecember 9, 2017 at 6:05 pm\n\nI assume you could with the honey and oatmeal face scrub but only for maybe a\nweek. No longer ?\n\nReply\n\n * Wendy says\n\nFebruary 21, 2018 at 4:43 pm\n\nWhat some good as a lip scrub my lips are dry and flakey.\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nFebruary 21, 2018 at 7:53 pm\n\nHi Wendy – this is my favorite recipe! https://homemadeforelle.com/diy-brown-\nsugar-lip-scrub/\n\nReply\n\n * Kerisha M. Boston says\n\nFebruary 26, 2018 at 12:29 pm\n\nHi, I actually know a great tip for that. You can use sugar and water to\nrejuvenate your lips. First, dampen the affected area with water, then dip\nyour finger into a small cup of sugar. Apply the sugar onto your lips and\n“scrub” off the dead skin or flakiness you’re experiencing. You can also brush\nit off using your toothbrush the next time you brush your teeth, just not too\nrough of course. Hope this helps! Good luck 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Bonnie malaney says\n\nJanuary 17, 2018 at 6:35 am\n\nI want to make the sugar scrub for baby shower gifts, in pink, it’s a girl. Is\nthis not a good idea? How long would they be good for? Can I color it pink\nwith regular food coloring?\n\nReply\n\n * Andrea says\n\nJanuary 18, 2018 at 9:49 pm\n\nHi Bonnie –\n\nI think this is a great idea! You can certainly make a basic facial sugar\nscrub (you could even do a body scrub -https://homemadeforelle.com/homemade-\nsugar-scrub-recipe/). I wouldn’t recommend coloring a facial scrub, but it\nwould be fine to color a body scrub. If you want it to turn out pink, I would\nrecommend using beet root powder (http://amzn.to/2FQkQfv), since it is\nnaturally sourced, but yes – you could also use a drop or two of food\ncoloring, as well.\n\nHope that helps!\n\nReply\n\n * Madeline says\n\nAugust 9, 2019 at 6:14 am\n\nThe coconut and sugar one lasts a few months if kept in a cool environment\n\nReply\n\n 43. Shay says\n\nNovember 30, 2017 at 7:23 pm\n\nThank you to the person who made this post. These homemade facial scrubs ideas\nare so helpful simply because most of these ingredients are already have in\nour home.\n\nReply\n\n 44. Lucy says\n\nNovember 28, 2017 at 4:50 pm\n\nCan’t wait to try the lemon one and the blueberry one.\n\nReply\n\n 45. Angie says\n\nNovember 1, 2017 at 8:02 pm\n\nThey are amazing ~ Iove the coffee grinds ~ excellent\n\nReply\n\n 46. Shreya says\n\nOctober 23, 2017 at 4:49 pm\n\nI love the chocolate face scrub the most because it sounds the most\ninteresting and tasty\n\nReply\n\n 47. Polly says\n\nOctober 15, 2017 at 8:09 am\n\nHi everyone,I read all the comments,and they are are good,but I love the sugar\nscrub the most,but they all are interesting,\n\nReply\n\n * Aldriana says\n\nOctober 26, 2017 at 6:49 pm\n\nI agree it make my skin look so smooth\n\nReply\n\n« Older Comments\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n#### Hey there, I'm Andrea!\n\nWelcome to Homemade for Elle! I love creating homemade face scrubs, clean\neating recipes, and everything else homemade! I share weekly recipes that can\nhelp you have a healthier home.\n\n#### Subscribe\n\nDIY Beauty Tutorials + Pampering Tips + More\n\n#### Grab my Meal Plan!\n\n### You may also love...\n\nDIY Soothing Face Mask {One Ingredient!}\n\nDIY Hydrating Face Mask\n\nDIY Banana Face Mask {only 3 Ingredients!}\n\nDIY Brown Sugar Lip Scrub\n\n## Footer\n\n#### Navigate.\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Disclaimer\n * Disclosure Policy\n\n©2020 homemade for elle, all rights reserved.\n\nDesign by Pixel Me Designs\n\nGet The Meal Plan\n\nCopyright ©2021, Homemade for Elle. All Rights Reserved.\n\nDesign by Pixel Me Designs\n\n#### What are you searching for?\n\n * 5\n\n1994shares\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.ebony.com/style/do-it-yourself-at-home-steam-facial/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512234403/https://www.ebony.com/style/do-it-yourself-at-home-steam-facial/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "DO-IT-YOURSELF: At-Home Steam Facial",
"passages": [
"Steaming should absolutely be a part of your regular facial regimen. Estheticians and avid spa-goers understand its benefits, but you can skip the bill and do your own 10-minute at-home steam on a monthly basis. The process allows toxins to exit pores, softens skin and preps your face for a nourishing mask or fabulous moisturizer. Get to it!",
"Prep your face by washing with your normal cleanser. Follow up with a light exfoliation by using a scrub or a small mixture of baking soda and water.",
"For the over-the-stove method, bring water to a boil in a large pot. Remove, and place in an area where you’ll be able to comfortably kneel or lean over it. I suggest placing the pot on folded towels to avoid ruining your floors, counters, etc. You should also consider using a Con Air Facial Sauna System ($32), which heats up and emits steam directly onto your face.",
"If desired, add essentials oil to your water; rhree to five drops should suffice. To soften dry skin, add rose. For combination skin, add balancing grapefruit. For acne issues, add tea tree oil. Since it’s springtime, add a few drops of eucalyptus to allow your steam facial to also unclog your sinuses.",
"For the over-the-stove method, place a large towel over your head, and place your face 5–10 inches away from the steam. Do not, I repeat, do NOT place your face incredibly close, because you risk burning or causing your skin to swell. Do five 2-minute steaming sessions, and allow your face to breathe for a few momentsbetween each session. Same goes for your Con Air steamer, minus the towel.",
"For those applying a mask, slather on your facial treat directly following your steam. An easy mask for dry, sensitive, combination or oily skin is oatmeal and honey. Simply combine raw oats, a little organic honey and warm water until it creates a slightly sticky paste.",
"If you want to go right to your moisturizer, apply a few splashes of cool water following your steam to close your pores (do the same when rinsing your mask). Smooth on your moisturizer to seal the deal. Oh, and don’t try to skip this step, because you’ll completely lose out on the benefits of your steam by not putting moisture back into the skin.",
"Note: If you’re suffering from any skin trauma, including various types of dermatitis, inflammation or severe acne, save the steam facial for another time. You run the risk of further irritating your delicate skin.",
"Since 1945, EBONY magazine has shined a spotlight on the worlds of Black people in America and worldwide. Our commitment to showcasing the best and brightest as well as highlighting disparities in Black life has been, and will always be, cornerstone to EBONY."
]
},
"parsed_md": "DO-IT-YOURSELF: At-Home Steam Facial\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nNow Reading\n\n###### DO-IT-YOURSELF: At-Home Steam Facial\n\n0 Comments\n\n0\n\n7\n\nBeauty, News & Politics, Style\n\n# DO-IT-YOURSELF: At-Home Steam Facial\n\nby Kimberly Walker\n\nMay 4, 2018\n\n7 Shares\n\n0\n\nSteaming should absolutely be a part of your regular facial regimen.\nEstheticians and avid spa-goers understand its benefits, but you can skip the\nbill and do your own 10-minute at-home steam on a monthly basis. The process\nallows toxins to exit pores, softens skin and preps your face for a nourishing\nmask or fabulous moisturizer. Get to it!\n\n# Step 1 (CLEANSE & EXFOLIATE):\n\nPrep your face by washing with your normal cleanser. Follow up with a light\nexfoliation by using a scrub or a small mixture of baking soda and water.\n\n# Step 2 (PREP STEAM):\n\nFor the over-the-stove method, bring water to a boil in a large pot. Remove,\nand place in an area where you’ll be able to comfortably kneel or lean over\nit. I suggest placing the pot on folded towels to avoid ruining your floors,\ncounters, etc. You should also consider using a Con Air Facial Sauna System\n($32), which heats up and emits steam directly onto your face.\n\n# Step 3 (ADD ESSENTIAL OILS):\n\nIf desired, add essentials oil to your water; rhree to five drops should\nsuffice. To soften dry skin, add rose. For combination skin, add balancing\ngrapefruit. For acne issues, add tea tree oil. Since it’s springtime, add a\nfew drops of eucalyptus to allow your steam facial to also unclog your\nsinuses.\n\n# Step 4 (STEAM):\n\nFor the over-the-stove method, place a large towel over your head, and place\nyour face 5–10 inches away from the steam. Do not, I repeat, do NOT place your\nface incredibly close, because you risk burning or causing your skin to swell.\nDo five 2-minute steaming sessions, and allow your face to breathe for a few\nmomentsbetween each session. Same goes for your Con Air steamer, minus the\ntowel.\n\n# Step 5 (APPLY A MASK):\n\nSee Also\n\nCareers & Finance\n\n###### 4/20 Talk: These Women Are Cashing in on the Cannabis Rush\n\nFor those applying a mask, slather on your facial treat directly following\nyour steam. An easy mask for dry, sensitive, combination or oily skin is\noatmeal and honey. Simply combine raw oats, a little organic honey and warm\nwater until it creates a slightly sticky paste.\n\n# Step 6 (APPLY A MOISTURIZER):\n\nIf you want to go right to your moisturizer, apply a few splashes of cool\nwater following your steam to close your pores (do the same when rinsing your\nmask). Smooth on your moisturizer to seal the deal. Oh, and don’t try to skip\nthis step, because you’ll completely lose out on the benefits of your steam by\nnot putting moisture back into the skin.\n\nNote: If you’re suffering from any skin trauma, including various types of\ndermatitis, inflammation or severe acne, save the steam facial for another\ntime. You run the risk of further irritating your delicate skin.\n\n#### Sign Up to Our Newsletter\n\nGet notified about exclusive offers every week!\n\nTags\n\nafrican-american skin at-home facial diy do-it-yourself essential oils facial\nmask over-the-stove facial skincare\n\n###### What's Your Reaction?\n\nExcited\n\n1\n\nHappy\n\n0\n\nIn Love\n\n0\n\nNot Sure\n\n1\n\nSilly\n\n0\n\nKimberly Walker\n\nContributing Beauty Expert\n\n0 Comments\n\n0\n\n7\n\nKimberly Walker May 4, 2018\n\n7 Shares\n\nShare 0\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\nShare\n\nPopular Posts\n\n###### Buy This: 8 Cool Newborn Essentials to Pack (or Gift) for Baby’s First\nOuting\n\n * May 12, 2021\n * 4 mins Read\n\n###### The Dime: What Does Your Mental Health Cost You—A Financial Perspective\n\n * May 12, 2021\n * 4 mins Read\n\n###### Back to School: How Has the Pandemic Affected the HBCU Learning\nExperience\n\n * May 11, 2021\n * 5 mins Read\n\nView Comments (0)\n\n#### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n###### Related Posts\n\nCulture & Black Life\n\n###### 5 Multifunctional Beauty Products You Didn’t Know You Needed\n\n###### Earth Day Beauty Picks: 9 Black-Owned Natural Products That Are Good\nFor You and The Planet\n\n###### Topicals, Two Women of Color are Changing The Skin Game One Flare Up At\na Time\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\nPrivacy Terms Media Kit\n\nSince 1945, EBONY magazine has shined a spotlight on the worlds of Black\npeople in America and worldwide. Our commitment to showcasing the best and\nbrightest as well as highlighting disparities in Black life has been, and will\nalways be, cornerstone to EBONY.\n\nSign up for the EBONY Newsletter\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram\n\n© 2021 EBONY. All Rights Reserved.\n\n#### Sign Up to Our Newsletter\n\nGet notified about exclusive offers every week!\n\nPRESS ESC TO CLOSE\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.realsimple.com/beauty-fashion/skincare/homemade-facial-masks",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418171950/https://www.realsimple.com/beauty-fashion/skincare/homemade-facial-masks",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Best Homemade Facial Masks",
"passages": [
"Behold, the next generation of egg whites: The latest spa treatments feature ingredients that sound wacky but work. These at-home versions (dermatologist- approved, editor-tested) are a real treat for your skin.",
"While food has been used in facials forever, aestheticians have begun pampering the skin with some very unexpected ingredients, like beer, açai berries, and even—believe it—cold clamshells. “These new treatments tend to be more potent than their predecessors, yet they remain gentle enough for most complexions,” says Francesca Fusco, a dermatologist in New York City. What’s more, since you can whip them up yourself, you can indulge anytime (not just when there’s an opening at the spa). Here are six of our favorite facials that you should try at home. Before each one, gently cleanse and exfoliate (unless otherwise noted) for the best results.",
"What you need: 1⁄4 cup wine; 1⁄4 cup kaolin clay (sold at health-food stores); 2 tablespoons grapeseed oil; and 1 tablespoon organic oat flour (health-food stores).",
"How it works: Resveratrol, a powerful antioxidant found primarily in red wine but also in smaller amounts in white, may help to repair the damage caused by sun exposure that can lead to wrinkles and sagging, according to a growing body of scientific research. Kaolin clay draws out impurities, while the grapeseed oil moisturizes and hydrates and the oat flour gently exfoliates.",
"Do it yourself: Combine all the ingredients. Apply to the face, neck, and décolletage. Rinse with warm water after 10 minutes.",
"Didi’s take*: “I’ll start with the smell. Let’s just say it was incredibly appealing after a long, hard day of work. Full disclosure: I may have poured myself a glass or two as I sat with the mask on my face. The texture reminded me of papier-mâché; it was cool, chunky, and gritty and dried into a delicate shell. After rinsing, I had a thin film on my skin that seemed to iron out my wrinkles a bit—temporarily, anyway. And when I woke up the next morning, my skin was definitely more hydrated.”",
"What you need: 2⁄3 cup sugar; 2 teaspoons açai powder or 1⁄4 cup açai slush (a pulverized form of the berry; both sold at health-food stores); 10 fresh, whole berries (blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, or a mix); and 1 tablespoon olive oil.",
"How it works: Berries are rich sources of polyphenols, a class of antioxidants that, besides being used as wrinkle fighters, have another talent. They’re a strong astringent, so they tighten the skin and minimize pores, says Soheil Simzar, a dermatologist in Santa Monica, California. Fatty acids in high doses, like the ones found in açai berries, seem to combat hyperpigmentation, according to a 2010 paper published in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology. The sugar and the olive oil form a gentle scrub, which also assists in removing debris trapped in pores.",
"Do it yourself: With a potato masher, mash the sugar and açai powder or slush with the berries, then slowly add the olive oil; combine coarsely with a whisk. Massage into the face. Leave on for about 5 minutes, then rinse with warm water.",
"Didi’s take: “I opted for açai powder, which, when blended with the sugar, oil, and berries, produced a paste that smelled vaguely like a health-food store: sweet in a not altogether good way. But it provided stellar exfoliation and revealed clear, smooth skin, albeit slightly purple-tinged from the açai powder; nothing that a makeup wipe couldn’t fix. My pores were indeed undetectable, yet my face didn’t feel the slightest bit tight.”",
"What you need: 10 fresh strawberries; 1⁄4 cup bee pollen (sold at health-food stores); 3 tablespoons raw honey (health-food stores); 1 tablespoon olive oil mayonnaise; and a few drops of lavender essential oil.",
"How it works: Strawberries not only are rich in vitamin C but also contain alpha hydroxy acids, which exfoliate the skin. The grainy texture of the bee- pollen granules helps to exfoliate, too, allowing the honey, a potent humectant, to better penetrate the skin’s surface. Olive oil moisturizes and is infused with antioxidants; mayonnaise softens the skin while giving the whole shebang a rich, creamy texture. The lavender? Pure aromatherapy.",
"Do it yourself: Combine all the ingredients. Apply to the face, avoiding the eye area. Relax for 20 minutes, then rinse with warm water.",
"Didi’s take: “A whisk was the ideal tool for whipping all the ingredients together. It’s not the prettiest mask I’ve ever worn—I looked as if I had gotten caught in the cross fire of a colossal food fight. But when I took it off, my skin felt crazy soft, and I didn’t even need to apply moisturizer that night, though I did go to bed craving a strawberry smoothie.”",
"How it works: Beer is a soothing cleanser. “It contains B vitamins, hops, saccharides, and yeast, which help dissolve dead cells and increase the skin’s luminosity,” says Fusco. When mixed with egg white, the yeast in the beer creates a filmy mask that hydrates and improves the elasticity of the skin. Adding a dash of lime, a source of vitamin C, helps to clear pores and fade brown spots.",
"Do it yourself: Combine the egg white and beer with the lime juice. Slather onto the face. After 10 minutes, rinse with warm water.",
"Didi’s take: “The mask, which I painted on with a basting brush, is clear and dries quickly, so you can walk around the house with it on. It smelled so fresh and felt so cool that I kept it on for an extra five minutes. After I rinsed, my face felt smoother than a silk pillow and was, in fact, so luminous that my husband asked if I was testing a new face cream. A new face cream—right, that’s it.”",
"What you need: 1⁄2 teaspoon spirulina powder (sold at health-food stores); 1 mashed ripe banana; and 1 teaspoon fresh lemon juice.",
"How it works: Spirulina has antibacterial properties, helping to keep your pores clear and tight. Plus, it is loaded with more antioxidants than blueberries, which means that it may be effective at lessening the effects of sun damage and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, says Fusco. The banana infuses moisture into the skin while making the powder spreadable, and the lemon juice brightens.",
"Do it yourself: With a whisk, mix the spirulina powder and banana, then add the lemon juice. Apply to the face and leave on for 10 to 20 minutes. Rinse with warm water.",
"Didi’s take: “Do not try this one in front of the kids! Spirulina is green, very green. You will look like the Hulk. That said, I loved this mask. It smelled like banana and left my skin bright and so hydrated that it was actually springy to the touch.”",
"What you need: 2 polished clamshells. (Those found in their natural state at the beach are too rough against the skin. Find smooth clamshells at seashellco.com.)",
"Do it yourself: Submerge the shells in ice for 15 to 20 minutes. Remove from the ice and slip the tip of a finger snugly into the narrow mouth of each shell. Rub gently over puffy areas until the shells are no longer cold. Try this in the morning, before you’ve done anything else to your skin, to take down under-eye bloat that may have accumulated overnight.",
"Didi’s take: “I got to disassemble the tacky shell necklace I bought at Disney a few years ago and make better use of it. The unstrung, chilled shells stayed cold for 20 minutes—at which point I no longer had to run them over my under- eye bags, because they were gone.”",
"MeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Best Homemade Facial Masks | Real Simple\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Real Simple\n\nReal Simple Real Simple\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * My Account\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Free Organizing App this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\nLIVE\n\n# 6 Easy Homemade Facial Masks\n\nBy Amy Paturel\n\nUpdated May 12, 2015\n\nSkip gallery slides\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nModel with clean makeup\n\nCredit: Gentl & Hyers\n\nBehold, the next generation of egg whites: The latest spa treatments feature\ningredients that sound wacky but work. These at-home versions (dermatologist-\napproved, editor-tested) are a real treat for your skin.\n\nStart Slideshow\n\n## 1 of 7\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n### Homemade Beauty\n\nModel with clean makeup\n\nCredit: Gentl & Hyers\n\nWhile food has been used in facials forever, aestheticians have begun\npampering the skin with some very unexpected ingredients, like beer, açai\nberries, and even—believe it—cold clamshells. “These new treatments tend to be\nmore potent than their predecessors, yet they remain gentle enough for most\ncomplexions,” says Francesca Fusco, a dermatologist in New York City. What’s\nmore, since you can whip them up yourself, you can indulge anytime (not just\nwhen there’s an opening at the spa). Here are six of our favorite facials that\nyou should try at home. Before each one, gently cleanse and exfoliate (unless\notherwise noted) for the best results.\n\n## 1 of 7\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 2 of 7\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n### Wrinkle-Smoothing Wine Facial\n\nDrop of wine in clay\n\nCredit: Mitchell Feinberg\n\nAdapted from the Harvest Facial at the Calistoga Ranch, in Napa Valley,\nCalifornia.\n\nWhat you need: 1⁄4 cup wine; 1⁄4 cup kaolin clay (sold at health-food stores);\n2 tablespoons grapeseed oil; and 1 tablespoon organic oat flour (health-food\nstores).\n\nHow it works: Resveratrol, a powerful antioxidant found primarily in red wine\nbut also in smaller amounts in white, may help to repair the damage caused by\nsun exposure that can lead to wrinkles and sagging, according to a growing\nbody of scientific research. Kaolin clay draws out impurities, while the\ngrapeseed oil moisturizes and hydrates and the oat flour gently exfoliates.\n\nDo it yourself: Combine all the ingredients. Apply to the face, neck, and\ndécolletage. Rinse with warm water after 10 minutes.\n\nDidi’s take*: “I’ll start with the smell. Let’s just say it was incredibly\nappealing after a long, hard day of work. Full disclosure: I may have poured\nmyself a glass or two as I sat with the mask on my face. The texture reminded\nme of papier-mâché; it was cool, chunky, and gritty and dried into a delicate\nshell. After rinsing, I had a thin film on my skin that seemed to iron out my\nwrinkles a bit—temporarily, anyway. And when I woke up the next morning, my\nskin was definitely more hydrated.”\n\n*Didi Gluck is Real Simple’s beauty director and consummate guinea pig.\n\n## 2 of 7\n\n## 3 of 7\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n### Pore-Tightening Açai Berry Facial\n\nRaspberry and açaí slush\n\nCredit: Mitchell Feinberg\n\nAdapted from the Hydrating Açai Facial at the Spa at Omni La Costa, in\nCarlsbad, California.\n\nWhat you need: 2⁄3 cup sugar; 2 teaspoons açai powder or 1⁄4 cup açai slush (a\npulverized form of the berry; both sold at health-food stores); 10 fresh,\nwhole berries (blueberries, raspberries, blackberries, or a mix); and 1\ntablespoon olive oil.\n\nHow it works: Berries are rich sources of polyphenols, a class of antioxidants\nthat, besides being used as wrinkle fighters, have another talent. They’re a\nstrong astringent, so they tighten the skin and minimize pores, says Soheil\nSimzar, a dermatologist in Santa Monica, California. Fatty acids in high\ndoses, like the ones found in açai berries, seem to combat hyperpigmentation,\naccording to a 2010 paper published in the Journal of Drugs in Dermatology.\nThe sugar and the olive oil form a gentle scrub, which also assists in\nremoving debris trapped in pores.\n\nDo it yourself: With a potato masher, mash the sugar and açai powder or slush\nwith the berries, then slowly add the olive oil; combine coarsely with a\nwhisk. Massage into the face. Leave on for about 5 minutes, then rinse with\nwarm water.\n\nDidi’s take: “I opted for açai powder, which, when blended with the sugar,\noil, and berries, produced a paste that smelled vaguely like a health-food\nstore: sweet in a not altogether good way. But it provided stellar exfoliation\nand revealed clear, smooth skin, albeit slightly purple-tinged from the açai\npowder; nothing that a makeup wipe couldn’t fix. My pores were indeed\nundetectable, yet my face didn’t feel the slightest bit tight.”\n\n## 3 of 7\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 4 of 7\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n### Hydrating Strawberry Facial\n\nStrawberry, lavender, bee pollen\n\nCredit: Mitchell Feinberg\n\nAdapted from the Strawberry and Bee Pollen Facial at the Spa at Andaz Wall\nStreet, in New York City.\n\nWhat you need: 10 fresh strawberries; 1⁄4 cup bee pollen (sold at health-food\nstores); 3 tablespoons raw honey (health-food stores); 1 tablespoon olive oil\nmayonnaise; and a few drops of lavender essential oil.\n\nHow it works: Strawberries not only are rich in vitamin C but also contain\nalpha hydroxy acids, which exfoliate the skin. The grainy texture of the bee-\npollen granules helps to exfoliate, too, allowing the honey, a potent\nhumectant, to better penetrate the skin’s surface. Olive oil moisturizes and\nis infused with antioxidants; mayonnaise softens the skin while giving the\nwhole shebang a rich, creamy texture. The lavender? Pure aromatherapy.\n\nDo it yourself: Combine all the ingredients. Apply to the face, avoiding the\neye area. Relax for 20 minutes, then rinse with warm water.\n\nDidi’s take: “A whisk was the ideal tool for whipping all the ingredients\ntogether. It’s not the prettiest mask I’ve ever worn—I looked as if I had\ngotten caught in the cross fire of a colossal food fight. But when I took it\noff, my skin felt crazy soft, and I didn’t even need to apply moisturizer that\nnight, though I did go to bed craving a strawberry smoothie.”\n\n## 4 of 7\n\n## 5 of 7\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n### Brightening Beer Facial\n\nBeer and lime slices\n\nCredit: Mitchell Feinberg\n\nAdapted from the Mexican Beer Lime Facial at La Esperanza Resort, in Cabo San\nLucas, Mexico.\n\nWhat you need: 1 egg white; 1⁄2 cup beer (any brand); and 2 teaspoons fresh\nlime juice.\n\nHow it works: Beer is a soothing cleanser. “It contains B vitamins, hops,\nsaccharides, and yeast, which help dissolve dead cells and increase the skin’s\nluminosity,” says Fusco. When mixed with egg white, the yeast in the beer\ncreates a filmy mask that hydrates and improves the elasticity of the skin.\nAdding a dash of lime, a source of vitamin C, helps to clear pores and fade\nbrown spots.\n\nDo it yourself: Combine the egg white and beer with the lime juice. Slather\nonto the face. After 10 minutes, rinse with warm water.\n\nDidi’s take: “The mask, which I painted on with a basting brush, is clear and\ndries quickly, so you can walk around the house with it on. It smelled so\nfresh and felt so cool that I kept it on for an extra five minutes. After I\nrinsed, my face felt smoother than a silk pillow and was, in fact, so luminous\nthat my husband asked if I was testing a new face cream. A new face\ncream—right, that’s it.”\n\n## 5 of 7\n\n## 6 of 7\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n### Skin-Balancing Spirulina Facial\n\nLemon and spirulina\n\nCredit: Mitchell Feinberg\n\nAdapted from the Hana Remineralizing Facial at the Spa at Travaasa Hotel Hana,\nin Hana, Hawaii.\n\nWhat you need: 1⁄2 teaspoon spirulina powder (sold at health-food stores); 1\nmashed ripe banana; and 1 teaspoon fresh lemon juice.\n\nHow it works: Spirulina has antibacterial properties, helping to keep your\npores clear and tight. Plus, it is loaded with more antioxidants than\nblueberries, which means that it may be effective at lessening the effects of\nsun damage and reducing the appearance of fine lines and wrinkles, says Fusco.\nThe banana infuses moisture into the skin while making the powder spreadable,\nand the lemon juice brightens.\n\nDo it yourself: With a whisk, mix the spirulina powder and banana, then add\nthe lemon juice. Apply to the face and leave on for 10 to 20 minutes. Rinse\nwith warm water.\n\nDidi’s take: “Do not try this one in front of the kids! Spirulina is green,\nvery green. You will look like the Hulk. That said, I loved this mask. It\nsmelled like banana and left my skin bright and so hydrated that it was\nactually springy to the touch.”\n\n## 6 of 7\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 7 of 7\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n### Depuffing Clamshell Facial\n\nClamshells\n\nCredit: Mitchell Feinberg\n\nAdapted from the Shell Coronado Facial at the Hotel del Coronado, in Coronado,\nCalifornia.\n\nWhat you need: 2 polished clamshells. (Those found in their natural state at\nthe beach are too rough against the skin. Find smooth clamshells at\nseashellco.com.)\n\nHow it works: Shells are great conductors of cold and can hold their chill for\na long time.\n\nDo it yourself: Submerge the shells in ice for 15 to 20 minutes. Remove from\nthe ice and slip the tip of a finger snugly into the narrow mouth of each\nshell. Rub gently over puffy areas until the shells are no longer cold. Try\nthis in the morning, before you’ve done anything else to your skin, to take\ndown under-eye bloat that may have accumulated overnight.\n\nDidi’s take: “I got to disassemble the tacky shell necklace I bought at Disney\na few years ago and make better use of it. The unstrung, chilled shells stayed\ncold for 20 minutes—at which point I no longer had to run them over my under-\neye bags, because they were gone.”\n\n## 7 of 7\n\nReplay gallery\n\n## Share the Gallery\n\nPinterest Facebook\n\n## Up Next\n\nBy Amy Paturel\n\n## Share the Gallery\n\nPinterest Facebook\n\nTrending Videos\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSkip slide summaries\n\n## Everything in This Slideshow\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## View All\n\n1 of 7 Homemade Beauty\n\n2 of 7 Wrinkle-Smoothing Wine Facial\n\n3 of 7 Pore-Tightening Açai Berry Facial\n\n4 of 7 Hydrating Strawberry Facial\n\n5 of 7 Brightening Beer Facial\n\n6 of 7 Skin-Balancing Spirulina Facial\n\n7 of 7 Depuffing Clamshell Facial\n\n## Share options\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Real Simple\n\n * Face Masks\n * Foam Cleansers\n * Moisturizers\n * Face Serums\n * Exfoliators\n * Eye Treatments\n * Cream Cleansers\n * Dark Circle Treatments\n * Skin Care Tools\n * Cleansing Tools\n * Shop More\n\nReal Simple may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\nlinks contained on this website.\n\nReal Simple\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real\nSimple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in\nthis email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice.\nReal Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in\nwhole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link\nopens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis\nlink opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window\nWeb Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.realsimple.com\n\n## View image\n\n6 Easy Homemade Facial Masks\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
}
] |
1,019,413 | How To Kennel Train an Older Dog That Barks | If you want to kennel train your older dog that barks, make sure its crate is big enough for it to turn around and stand inside so it doesn’t feel claustrophobic. In addition to having a spacious crate, try to make it as comfortable as possible with blankets or a dog bed so it’s more appealing for your older dog. When you first introduce it to the kennel, leave the door open and give it treats to help it relax. Once it’s used to being in the cage, start closing the door for short periods of time so your dog doesn’t get too anxious. Then, increase the time until your dog is comfortable for longer periods. However, you shouldn't leave your dog in its cage for more than 4 hours during the day. You should always take your dog for a short walk and let it relieve itself before shutting it inside the kennel, so it doesn’t need to do its business inside. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506061811/https://www.cesarsway.com/How-to-crate-train-an-adult-dog/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210326212143/https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/crate-training-101",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210302154524/https://www.rover.com/blog/teach-old-dog-new-tricks/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210304124030/https://tractive.com/blog/en/training-en/can-you-teach-an-old-dog-new-tricks-check-tips"
] | train | 1,996 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.cesarsway.com/How-to-crate-train-an-adult-dog/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506061811/https://www.cesarsway.com/How-to-crate-train-an-adult-dog/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Crate Train An Adult Dog",
"passages": [
"Perhaps your dog is a rescue and was never properly house trained. Or you have to move across the country and need to put her in a crate for the trip. Or maybe the pooch has just started acting out in destructive ways while you’re away from the house. There are many reasons why you might need to train your adult dog to sit calmly and quietly in a crate.",
"Unfortunately, this is something that can cause harm to your dog if you don’t do it in the right way. What you don’t want is for your pooch to panic in the crate and end up getting hurt.",
"Get them ready Before you begin crate training, always exercise your dog with a long walk to drain excess energy. Additionally, you want to take him outside to go to the bathroom, so you don’t have to interrupt your training for a “potty break.”",
"Have patience Unlike with puppies, which don’t have habits they’ve been forming for their entire lives, adult dogs may have spent years without ever entering a crate. This means they’re probably going to be a lot more resistant to the idea and may fight against it more. Your job is to bear with them and keep trying. Over time, most adult dogs will come to accept a crate with the right training.",
"Use treats Your goal is to make your dog associate the crate with positive feelings, so encourage her to go to the crate by putting treats and even food inside. Eventually she’ll see the crate as the place where good things happen and won’t be as fearful.",
"Make it comfy Dogs love it when they can find a nice, comfortable place to sit or lie down, so one of the best things you can do is to treat your dog’s crate like it’s just another resting place. Place a favorite blanket inside or buy a new one and leave the door open, so he can come and go as he pleases.",
"Close the door — briefly! Obviously, the eventual goal with the crate is to be able to close the door and still have your dog keep calm. Once you get to the point where your pooch seems comfortable hanging out in the open crate, offer some kind of distraction (perhaps a toy or treat) and close the door while she is engaged.",
"Start with intervals of five minutes or less and make sure you stay close by and visible. Gradually keep it closed for longer periods and leave the room so your dog can come to understand that she is still safe — and will eventually get out — even if you’re not right there in front of her.",
"Keep it up with these methods and most adult dogs will eventually come to accept a crate willingly. You may even discover that it becomes your dog’s new favorite place to sleep!",
"At Cesar’s Way , we strive to be a single pack, and packs have rules, and limitations. Here are ours for the comments:",
"Also, please note that because of volume , we are unable to respond to individual comments, although we do watch them in order to learn what issues and questions are most common so that we can produce content that fulfills your needs. You are welcome to share your own dog tips and behavior solutions among yourselves, however Thank you for reading our articles and sharing your thoughts with the pack!",
"Don’t get left out of the doghouse! Sign up now to make sure you’re up to date on the latest happenings!",
"Don’t get left out of the doghouse! Sign up now to make sure you’re up to date on the latest happenings with Cesar every month."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Crate Train An Adult Dog | Cesar's Way\n\nSkip to content\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram\n\nPinterest\n\nMenu\n\n# How To Crate Train An Adult Dog\n\n * June 18, 2015\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram\n\nPinterest\n\nPerhaps your dog is a rescue and was never properly house trained. Or you have\nto move across the country and need to put her in a crate for the trip. Or\nmaybe the pooch has just started acting out in destructive ways while you’re\naway from the house. There are many reasons why you might need to train your\nadult dog to sit calmly and quietly in a crate.\n\nUnfortunately, this is something that can cause harm to your dog if you don’t\ndo it in the right way. What you don’t want is for your pooch to panic in the\ncrate and end up getting hurt.\n\nSo what do you need to do to crate train your adult dog in the right way?\n\nGet them ready Before you begin crate training, always exercise your dog with\na long walk to drain excess energy. Additionally, you want to take him outside\nto go to the bathroom, so you don’t have to interrupt your training for a\n“potty break.”\n\nHave patience Unlike with puppies, which don’t have habits they’ve been\nforming for their entire lives, adult dogs may have spent years without ever\nentering a crate. This means they’re probably going to be a lot more resistant\nto the idea and may fight against it more. Your job is to bear with them and\nkeep trying. Over time, most adult dogs will come to accept a crate with the\nright training.\n\nUse treats Your goal is to make your dog associate the crate with positive\nfeelings, so encourage her to go to the crate by putting treats and even food\ninside. Eventually she’ll see the crate as the place where good things happen\nand won’t be as fearful.\n\nMake it comfy Dogs love it when they can find a nice, comfortable place to sit\nor lie down, so one of the best things you can do is to treat your dog’s crate\nlike it’s just another resting place. Place a favorite blanket inside or buy a\nnew one and leave the door open, so he can come and go as he pleases.\n\nClose the door — briefly! Obviously, the eventual goal with the crate is to be\nable to close the door and still have your dog keep calm. Once you get to the\npoint where your pooch seems comfortable hanging out in the open crate, offer\nsome kind of distraction (perhaps a toy or treat) and close the door while she\nis engaged.\n\nStart with intervals of five minutes or less and make sure you stay close by\nand visible. Gradually keep it closed for longer periods and leave the room so\nyour dog can come to understand that she is still safe — and will eventually\nget out — even if you’re not right there in front of her.\n\nKeep it up with these methods and most adult dogs will eventually come to\naccept a crate willingly. You may even discover that it becomes your dog’s new\nfavorite place to sleep!\n\nAre you currently trying to crate train an adult dog? What type of problems\nare you encountering?\n\n0\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nPrevPreviousCatalburun Breed\n\nNextA Self-Fulfilling ProphecyNext\n\n###### Comment on the Story Below\n\n## Related Posts\n\nJune 18, 2015\n\n## The Content Of Our Character\n\nBy Cesar Millan This week America celebrates the birth of Dr. Martin Luther\nKing, Jr.\n\nMarch 28, 2020\n\n## ‘Curbside Cuddles’ Adoption Program Will Deliver A Shelter Dog To Your Home\nDuring Quarantine\n\nIn the face of the current coronavirus pandemic, the Hillsborough County Pet\nResource Center (PRC)\n\nSeptember 9, 2020\n\n## Man Quits His Job To Travel The Country And Save Shelter Dogs\n\nSometimes we all have a calling to fulfill in life. For some people that call\n\nAll About Dogs\n\n##### 6 Steps To Teaching Your Dog To Fetch\n\nSeptember 14, 2020 No Comments\n\nAll About Dogs\n\n##### How To Get Your Dog To Listen To You\n\nSeptember 9, 2020 No Comments\n\nAll About Dogs\n\n##### 6 Tips For Mastering The Dog Walk\n\nAugust 24, 2020 No Comments\n\n###### Comments – Rules , Boundaries & Limitations\n\nAt Cesar’s Way , we strive to be a single pack, and packs have rules, and\nlimitations. Here are ours for the comments:\n\n * No bullying or harassment of fellow commenters. Keep it civil!\n * No foul language or obscenities, please.\n * No posting of external links\n\nAlso, please note that because of volume , we are unable to respond to\nindividual comments, although we do watch them in order to learn what issues\nand questions are most common so that we can produce content that fulfills\nyour needs. You are welcome to share your own dog tips and behavior solutions\namong yourselves, however Thank you for reading our articles and sharing your\nthoughts with the pack!\n\nSubscribe to Our Newsletter\n\n### Get Tips From Cesar & The Pack\n\nDon’t get left out of the doghouse! Sign up now to make sure you’re up to date\non the latest happenings!\n\n#### Trending Today\n\n * #### Dogs With Jobs\n\n * #### Is Your Dog Dominant or Submissive?\n\n * #### Dog in mourning: Helping our pets cope with loss\n\n#### Trending This Week\n\n * #### Spay & Neuter: Making A World Of Difference\n\n * #### So You’re Thinking Of Getting A Siberian Husky?\n\n * #### Does Your Dog Have Allergies?\n\n## Newsletter Sign Up\n\nDon’t get left out of the doghouse! Sign up now to make sure you’re up to date\non the latest happenings with Cesar every month.\n\n * Help My Dog is...\n * Dog Psychology\n * Dog Care\n * Adoption Tips\n * About Cesar\n * Shop\n\n * FAQs\n * Shop Polices\n * Advertise With us\n * Contact us\n * Media/Press\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * All About Dogs\n * From The Pack\n * CESAR ON TV\n * Train With Cesar\n * See Cesar Live\n\nJoin Our Email Newsletter\n\nFacebook-f\n\nInstagram\n\nTwitter\n\nYoutube\n\nPinterest\n\nCopyright 2021 Cesar’s Way. All rights reserved.\n\n * Help My Dog is...\n * Dog Psychology\n * Dog Care\n * Adoption Tips\n * About Cesar\n * Shop\n\n * FAQs\n * Shop Polices\n * Advertise With us\n * Contact us\n * Media/Press\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * All About Dogs\n * From The Pack\n * CESAR ON TV\n * Train With Cesar\n * See Cesar Live\n\nFacebook\n\nInstagram\n\nTwitter\n\nYoutube\n\nSnapchat\n\nPinterest\n\nCopyright 2018 Cesar’s Way. All rights reserved.\n\nFacebook\n\nInstagram\n\nTwitter\n\nYoutube\n\nCopyright 2018 Cesar’s Way. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/crate-training-101",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210326212143/https://www.humanesociety.org/resources/crate-training-101",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Crate training 101",
"passages": [
"Crate training takes advantage of your dog’s natural instincts to seek out a comfortable, quiet and safe place when the environment around them becomes too loud or overwhelming. It’s also an important tool in preventing dogs from chewing on items in the home or during housetraining.",
"The primary use for a crate is housetraining, because dogs don't like to soil their dens. The crate can limit access to the rest of the house while they learn other rules, like not to chew on furniture. Crates are also a safe way to transport your dog in the car.",
"A crate is not a magical solution to common canine behavior. If not used correctly, a dog can feel trapped and frustrated.",
"Don't leave your dog in the crate too long. A dog who’s crated all day and night doesn't get enough exercise or human interaction and can become depressed or anxious. You may have to change your schedule, hire a pet sitter or take your dog to a daycare facility to reduce the amount of time they spend in their crate each day.",
"Puppies under six months of age shouldn't stay in a crate for more than three or four hours at a time. They can't control their bladders or bowels for that long. The same goes for adult dogs being housetrained.",
"Crate your dog until they are able to be alone in the house without accidents or destructive habits. You can graduate your dog from a crate to an enclosed area of your home, like your kitchen, before giving them access to the full house when you’re away. The crate should always have a comfortable bed and the door left open when you’re home so your dog can enter it when they need a safe space.",
"A crate may be your dog’s den, but just as you would not spend your entire life in one room of your home, your dog should not spend most of their time in their crate.",
"You can stop this cycle of cruelty by adopting your next pet. You can also donate to help shut down puppy mills and continue our lifesaving work for all animals.",
"Your dog's crate should be just large enough for them to stand up and turn around in. If your dog is still growing, choose a crate size that will accommodate their adult size. Block off the excess crate space so your dog can't eliminate at one end and retreat to the other. Your local animal shelter may rent out crates. By renting, you can trade up to the appropriate size for your puppy until they reach adult size, when you can invest in a permanent crate.",
"Sign up to receive our exclusive e-book full of training techniques, problem- solving and important information about caring for your pet.",
"Crate training can take days or weeks, depending on your dog's age, temperament and past experiences. It's important to keep two things in mind while crate training: The crate should always be associated with something pleasant and training should take place in a series of small steps. Don't go too fast.",
"Place the crate in an area of your house where the family spends a lot of time, such as the family room. Put a soft blanket or towel in the crate. Take the door off and let the dog explore the crate at their leisure. Some dogs will be naturally curious and start sleeping in the crate right away. If yours isn't one of them:",
"Bring them over to the crate and talk to them in a happy tone of voice. Make sure the crate door is open and secured so that it won't hit your dog and frighten them.",
"Encourage your dog to enter the crate by dropping some small food treats nearby, then just inside the door, and finally, all the way inside the crate. If they refuse to go all the way in at first, that's OK; don't force them to enter.",
"Continue tossing treats into the crate until your dog will walk calmly all the way into the crate to get the food. If they aren’t interested in treats, try tossing a favorite toy in the crate. This step may take a few minutes or as long as several days.",
"After introducing your dog to the crate, begin feeding them their regular meals near the crate. This will create a pleasant association with the crate.",
"If your dog is readily entering the crate when you begin Step 2, place the food dish all the way at the back of the crate.",
"If they remain reluctant to enter, put the dish only as far inside as they will readily go without becoming fearful or anxious. Each time you feed them, place the dish a little further back in the crate.",
"Once your dog is standing comfortably in the crate to eat their meal, you can close the door while they’re eating. The first time you do this, open the door as soon as they finish their meal. With each successive feeding, leave the door closed a few minutes longer, until they’re staying in the crate for 10 minutes or so after eating.",
"If they begin to whine to be let out, you may have increased the length of time too quickly. Next time, try leaving them in the crate for a shorter time period. If they do whine or cry in the crate, don’t let them out until they stop. Otherwise, they'll learn that the way to get out of the crate is to whine, so they'll keep doing it.",
"After your dog is eating their regular meals in the crate with no sign of fear or anxiety, you can confine them there for short time periods while you're home.",
"Give them a command to enter, such as \"crate.\" Encourage them by pointing to the inside of the crate with a treat in your hand.",
"Sit quietly near the crate for five to 10 minutes and then go into another room for a few minutes. Return, sit quietly again for a short time and then let them out.",
"Repeat this process several times a day, gradually increasing the length of time you leave them in the crate and the length of time you're out of sight.",
"Once your dog will stay quietly in the crate for about 30 minutes with you mostly out of sight, you can begin leaving them crated when you're gone for short time periods and/or letting them sleep there at night. This may take several days or weeks.",
"After your dog can spend about 30 minutes in the crate without becoming anxious or afraid, you can begin leaving them crated for short periods when you leave the house.",
"Put them in the crate using your regular command and a treat. You might also want to leave them with a few safe toys in the crate.",
"Vary the moment during your \"getting ready to leave\" routine that you put your dog in the crate. Although they shouldn't be crated for a long time before you leave, you can crate them anywhere from five to 20 minutes prior to leaving.",
"Don't make your departures emotional and prolonged—they should be matter-of-fact. Praise your dog briefly, give them a treat for entering the crate and then leave quietly.",
"When you return home, don't reward your dog for excited behavior by responding to them in an enthusiastic way. Keep arrivals low-key to avoid increasing their anxiety over when you will return. Continue to crate your dog for short periods from time to time when you're home so they don't associate crating with being left alone.",
"Put your dog in the crate using your regular command and a treat. Initially, it may be a good idea to put the crate in your bedroom or nearby in a hallway, especially if you have a puppy. Puppies often need to go outside to eliminate during the night and you'll want to be able to hear your puppy when they whine to be let outside. Older dogs should also initially be kept nearby so they don't associate the crate with social isolation.",
"Once your dog is sleeping comfortably through the night with the crate near you, you can begin to gradually move it to the location you prefer, although time spent with your dog—even sleep time—is a chance to strengthen the bond between you and your pet.",
"Whining: If your dog whines or cries while in the crate at night, it may be difficult to decide whether they’re whining to be let out of the crate, or whether they need to be let outside to eliminate. If you've followed the training procedures outlined above, then your dog hasn't been rewarded for whining in the past by being released from their crate. If that is the case, try to ignore the whining. If your dog is just testing you, they'll probably stop whining soon. Yelling at them or pounding on the crate will only make things worse.",
"If the whining continues after you've ignored them for several minutes, use the phrase they associate with going outside to eliminate. If they respond and become excited, take them outside. This should be a trip with a purpose, not play time. If you're convinced that your dog doesn't need to eliminate, the best response is to ignore them until they stop whining. Don't give in; if you do, you'll teach your dog to whine loud and long to get what they want. If you've progressed gradually through the training steps and haven't done too much too fast, you'll be less likely to encounter this problem. If the problem becomes unmanageable, you may need to start the crate training process over again.",
"Separation anxiety: Attempting to use the crate as a remedy for separation anxiety won't solve the problem. A crate may prevent your dog from being destructive, but they may get injured in an attempt to escape. Separation anxiety problems can only be resolved with counterconditioning and desensitization procedures. You may want to consult a professional animal- behavior specialist for help.",
"The Humane Society of the United States is registered as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Contributions to the HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent permitted by law. The HSUS's tax identification number is 53-0225390.",
"Right now, animals like me are suffering in puppy mills, research labs and factory farms. Join the fight to protect us.",
"Right now, animals like me are suffering in puppy mills, research labs and factory farms. Join the fight to protect us.",
"Right now, animals like me are suffering in puppy mills, research labs and factory farms. Join the fight to protect us.",
"We hope you enjoy this selection of articles written by our animal care and veterinary experts. A link will also be sent directly to your inbox."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Crate training 101 | The Humane Society of the United States\n\nSkip to main content\n\nThe Humane Society of the United States\n\nsite search\n\nMain Menu\n\n# Crate training 101\n\nShare\n\nSharon_Mendonca\n\n/\n\niStock.com\n\nCrate training takes advantage of your dog’s natural instincts to seek out a\ncomfortable, quiet and safe place when the environment around them becomes too\nloud or overwhelming. It’s also an important tool in preventing dogs from\nchewing on items in the home or during housetraining.\n\nThe primary use for a crate is housetraining, because dogs don't like to soil\ntheir dens. The crate can limit access to the rest of the house while they\nlearn other rules, like not to chew on furniture. Crates are also a safe way\nto transport your dog in the car.\n\n## Crating caution\n\nA crate is not a magical solution to common canine behavior. If not used\ncorrectly, a dog can feel trapped and frustrated.\n\n * Never use the crate as a punishment. Your dog will come to fear it and refuse to enter.\n * Don't leave your dog in the crate too long. A dog who’s crated all day and night doesn't get enough exercise or human interaction and can become depressed or anxious. You may have to change your schedule, hire a pet sitter or take your dog to a daycare facility to reduce the amount of time they spend in their crate each day.\n * Puppies under six months of age shouldn't stay in a crate for more than three or four hours at a time. They can't control their bladders or bowels for that long. The same goes for adult dogs being housetrained.\n * Crate your dog until they are able to be alone in the house without accidents or destructive habits. You can graduate your dog from a crate to an enclosed area of your home, like your kitchen, before giving them access to the full house when you’re away. The crate should always have a comfortable bed and the door left open when you’re home so your dog can enter it when they need a safe space.\n\nA crate may be your dog’s den, but just as you would not spend your entire\nlife in one room of your home, your dog should not spend most of their time in\ntheir crate.\n\nCan you imagine your dog spending years in a cage? Help us stop puppy mills.\n\nStop puppy mills!\n\nYou can stop this cycle of cruelty by adopting your next pet. You can also\ndonate to help shut down puppy mills and continue our lifesaving work for all\nanimals.\n\nGive Now\n\nChuck Cook / For the HSUS\n\n## Crate selection\n\nSeveral types of crates are available:\n\n * Plastic (often called \"flight kennels\")\n * Fabric on a collapsible, rigid frame\n * Collapsible, metal pens\n\nCrates come in different sizes and can be purchased at most pet supply stores\nor pet supply catalogs.\n\nBrowse Dog Crates on Amazon\n\nYour dog's crate should be just large enough for them to stand up and turn\naround in. If your dog is still growing, choose a crate size that will\naccommodate their adult size. Block off the excess crate space so your dog\ncan't eliminate at one end and retreat to the other. Your local animal shelter\nmay rent out crates. By renting, you can trade up to the appropriate size for\nyour puppy until they reach adult size, when you can invest in a permanent\ncrate.\n\nTop 10 tips\n\nSign up to receive our exclusive e-book full of training techniques, problem-\nsolving and important information about caring for your pet.\n\nGet Your Copy\n\n## The training process\n\nCrate training can take days or weeks, depending on your dog's age,\ntemperament and past experiences. It's important to keep two things in mind\nwhile crate training: The crate should always be associated with something\npleasant and training should take place in a series of small steps. Don't go\ntoo fast.\n\n### Step 1: Introduce your dog to the crate\n\nPlace the crate in an area of your house where the family spends a lot of\ntime, such as the family room. Put a soft blanket or towel in the crate. Take\nthe door off and let the dog explore the crate at their leisure. Some dogs\nwill be naturally curious and start sleeping in the crate right away. If yours\nisn't one of them:\n\n * Bring them over to the crate and talk to them in a happy tone of voice. Make sure the crate door is open and secured so that it won't hit your dog and frighten them.\n * Encourage your dog to enter the crate by dropping some small food treats nearby, then just inside the door, and finally, all the way inside the crate. If they refuse to go all the way in at first, that's OK; don't force them to enter.\n * Continue tossing treats into the crate until your dog will walk calmly all the way into the crate to get the food. If they aren’t interested in treats, try tossing a favorite toy in the crate. This step may take a few minutes or as long as several days.\n\n### Step 2: Feed your dog meals in the crate\n\nAfter introducing your dog to the crate, begin feeding them their regular\nmeals near the crate. This will create a pleasant association with the crate.\n\n * If your dog is readily entering the crate when you begin Step 2, place the food dish all the way at the back of the crate.\n * If they remain reluctant to enter, put the dish only as far inside as they will readily go without becoming fearful or anxious. Each time you feed them, place the dish a little further back in the crate.\n * Once your dog is standing comfortably in the crate to eat their meal, you can close the door while they’re eating. The first time you do this, open the door as soon as they finish their meal. With each successive feeding, leave the door closed a few minutes longer, until they’re staying in the crate for 10 minutes or so after eating.\n * If they begin to whine to be let out, you may have increased the length of time too quickly. Next time, try leaving them in the crate for a shorter time period. If they do whine or cry in the crate, don’t let them out until they stop. Otherwise, they'll learn that the way to get out of the crate is to whine, so they'll keep doing it.\n\n### Step 3: Practice with longer crating periods\n\nAfter your dog is eating their regular meals in the crate with no sign of fear\nor anxiety, you can confine them there for short time periods while you're\nhome.\n\n * Call them over to the crate and give them a treat.\n * Give them a command to enter, such as \"crate.\" Encourage them by pointing to the inside of the crate with a treat in your hand.\n * After your dog enters the crate, praise them, give them the treat and close the door.\n * Sit quietly near the crate for five to 10 minutes and then go into another room for a few minutes. Return, sit quietly again for a short time and then let them out.\n * Repeat this process several times a day, gradually increasing the length of time you leave them in the crate and the length of time you're out of sight.\n * Once your dog will stay quietly in the crate for about 30 minutes with you mostly out of sight, you can begin leaving them crated when you're gone for short time periods and/or letting them sleep there at night. This may take several days or weeks.\n\n### Step 4, Part A: Crate your dog when you leave\n\nAfter your dog can spend about 30 minutes in the crate without becoming\nanxious or afraid, you can begin leaving them crated for short periods when\nyou leave the house.\n\n * Put them in the crate using your regular command and a treat. You might also want to leave them with a few safe toys in the crate.\n * Vary the moment during your \"getting ready to leave\" routine that you put your dog in the crate. Although they shouldn't be crated for a long time before you leave, you can crate them anywhere from five to 20 minutes prior to leaving.\n * Don't make your departures emotional and prolonged—they should be matter-of-fact. Praise your dog briefly, give them a treat for entering the crate and then leave quietly.\n\nWhen you return home, don't reward your dog for excited behavior by responding\nto them in an enthusiastic way. Keep arrivals low-key to avoid increasing\ntheir anxiety over when you will return. Continue to crate your dog for short\nperiods from time to time when you're home so they don't associate crating\nwith being left alone.\n\n### Step 4, Part B: Crate your dog at night\n\nPut your dog in the crate using your regular command and a treat. Initially,\nit may be a good idea to put the crate in your bedroom or nearby in a hallway,\nespecially if you have a puppy. Puppies often need to go outside to eliminate\nduring the night and you'll want to be able to hear your puppy when they whine\nto be let outside. Older dogs should also initially be kept nearby so they\ndon't associate the crate with social isolation.\n\nOnce your dog is sleeping comfortably through the night with the crate near\nyou, you can begin to gradually move it to the location you prefer, although\ntime spent with your dog—even sleep time—is a chance to strengthen the bond\nbetween you and your pet.\n\n## Potential problems\n\nWhining: If your dog whines or cries while in the crate at night, it may be\ndifficult to decide whether they’re whining to be let out of the crate, or\nwhether they need to be let outside to eliminate. If you've followed the\ntraining procedures outlined above, then your dog hasn't been rewarded for\nwhining in the past by being released from their crate. If that is the case,\ntry to ignore the whining. If your dog is just testing you, they'll probably\nstop whining soon. Yelling at them or pounding on the crate will only make\nthings worse.\n\nIf the whining continues after you've ignored them for several minutes, use\nthe phrase they associate with going outside to eliminate. If they respond and\nbecome excited, take them outside. This should be a trip with a purpose, not\nplay time. If you're convinced that your dog doesn't need to eliminate, the\nbest response is to ignore them until they stop whining. Don't give in; if you\ndo, you'll teach your dog to whine loud and long to get what they want. If\nyou've progressed gradually through the training steps and haven't done too\nmuch too fast, you'll be less likely to encounter this problem. If the problem\nbecomes unmanageable, you may need to start the crate training process over\nagain.\n\nSeparation anxiety: Attempting to use the crate as a remedy for separation\nanxiety won't solve the problem. A crate may prevent your dog from being\ndestructive, but they may get injured in an attempt to escape. Separation\nanxiety problems can only be resolved with counterconditioning and\ndesensitization procedures. You may want to consult a professional animal-\nbehavior specialist for help.\n\n## Get HSUS News and Action Alerts\n\nMessage and data rates may apply. Reply STOP to opt out.\n\nThis site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy and Terms of\nService apply.\n\n## All Animals magazine\n\n© 2021 The Humane Society of the United States Privacy Policy & Terms\n\nThe Humane Society of the United States is registered as a 501(c)(3) nonprofit\norganization. Contributions to the HSUS are tax-deductible to the extent\npermitted by law. The HSUS's tax identification number is 53-0225390.\n\nJean Chung\n\n/\n\nFor HSI\n\nI deserve a better life\n\nRight now, animals like me are suffering in puppy mills, research labs and\nfactory farms. Join the fight to protect us.\n\nDonate Now\n\nwhite\n\nMulti Day\n\nJean Chung\n\n/\n\nFor HSI\n\nI deserve a better life\n\nRight now, animals like me are suffering in puppy mills, research labs and\nfactory farms. Join the fight to protect us.\n\nDonate Now\n\nwhite\n\nMulti Day\n\nRight now, animals like me are suffering in puppy mills, research labs and\nfactory farms. Join the fight to protect us.\n\nEXCLUSIVE E-BOOK\n\nTop 10 tips for taking care of your pets\n\nWe hope you enjoy this selection of articles written by our animal care and\nveterinary experts. A link will also be sent directly to your inbox.\n\nDownload\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.rover.com/blog/teach-old-dog-new-tricks/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210302154524/https://www.rover.com/blog/teach-old-dog-new-tricks/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Teach Your Old Dog New Tricks",
"passages": [
"Our website uses cookies. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our use of cookies. To see what cookies we serve and set your own preferences, please review our Cookie Policy. Learn More.",
"Tips, stories, and reviews for people who love dogs, powered by Rover.com, the world's largest network of 5-star pet sitters and dog walkers.",
"Can you teach an old dog new tricks? The answer is a resounding yes. Here are nine tips and tricks on how to train an older dog.",
"Don’t let old cliches make you assume you can’t teach an old dog new tricks. Even a senior pooch, with no prior training, can wrap their brain around the following instructions.",
"Reward training is going to be the key for your adult dog to learn positive behaviors and reduce even a lifetime of bad manners.",
"You’ll need both of these if you want your adult dog to reach their training goals at this later life stage.",
"Also be mindful of quality and quantity. Your treats should be quality, something your special buddy particularly goes wild for, and your patience should be in large quantity, or you’ll be the one going wild with frustration.",
"They’re older and larger, so you might feel wary constricting them with a crate, but they need the same basic structure as a puppy.",
"Get a crate that’s the proper size, build up their endurance for staying in it, and get them to adopt it as their den.",
"Food and rewards will enhance the association with a positive experience. Never use the crate as a punishment—that makes it feel like a prison.",
"Until they’re trained in other social canine graces, the crate can be their residence when you aren’t able to supervise. Dog Behavior Online offers a helpful video to get started:",
"If an adult dog treats the crate as their den, they’ll be unlikely to pee or poop in it. You can get them used to doing their duty outside and then get them let them have the run of the house.",
"Still, they might have ingrained habits that make them soil inside, so you may need to troubleshoot the following issues:",
"For these and other problems, the ASPCA website has an in-depth article for reference. The best thing, of course, is to get them outside and catch them in the act of doggy duty.",
"Praising and rewarding bladder and bowel behavior is going to reinforce the location and habit. If you catch them peeing inside, try clapping to startle and stop them midstream...then usher them outside to finish.",
"Can you train an old dog to do absolutely anything? Certainly there are limitations to consider, and a veterinary consult is wise before training beyond the basics.",
"An older dog may have joint and arthritis issues, so jumping or catching the frisbee might be unwise choices that frustrate you and hurt your four-legged friend.",
"In some cases, an elderly dog may have cognitive dysfunction (doggie dementia). Dogs at this stage need love and patience, because training at this point in life may not be possible. Getting professional opinions, knowing your dog, and loving them in light of limitations is critical.",
"Perhaps the easiest health angle to recognize is that they’re older, and tire more quickly. They don’t have the exuberance of youth, so don’t train them like a puppy. Keep training sessions short and learn your dog’s signs of exhaustion, which might include:",
"They’re older, so it feels like the pressure’s on you to catch them up on training. You might mistakenly embark on a long list of desired behaviors or responses, juggling multiple tricks at once. Don’t get them confused! Start with one or two, like come or heel, and only introduce an additional trick once they’re catching on to the first one.",
"An older, untrained dog may not have been socialized, and new places, people, animals, and experiences will invigorate your dog’s mind and usually make them more interested in learning new tricks, too.",
"Adult dogs shouldn’t be socialized like puppies, who are frequently fine being loose together. An older dog needs to learn calm, public behavior as people and animals and other canines cross their path.",
"An introduction to one new friend at a time is preferable, and the Animal Humane Society has a deeper dive on how to set up these experiences.",
"Acquiring a new behavior or trick is going to be a lot easier for your older dog than a behavior you want to curb.",
"It’s going to require a lot more patience to eliminate acts they’ve been allowed to do repeatedly from puppy to adulthood.",
"Use treats to reinforce alternative behaviors, but not to feed them in an attempt distract from jumping up or being aggressive. Your dog will misinterpret this as a reward for the negative behavior.",
"Provided you and your pooch hang in there (and the monthly treat costs don’t break the bank), your old dog shouldn’t have any more trouble picking up new tricks than an energetic young pup. The bonding experience for both of you will be more than worth it.",
"Make a January resolution for Train Your Dog Month with your canine companion. Pretty soon, you’ll both be able to shake on it!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Teach Your Old Dog New Tricks | The Dog People by Rover.com\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\nOur website uses cookies. By continuing to use our site, you agree to our use\nof cookies. To see what cookies we serve and set your own preferences, please\nreview our Cookie Policy. Learn More.\n\nThe Dog People by Rover.com\n\nPowered by Rover.com\n\nTips, stories, and reviews for people who love dogs, powered by Rover.com, the\nworld's largest network of 5-star pet sitters and dog walkers.\n\nSearch\n\n### How to Teach Your Old Dog New Tricks\n\nSharePin It\n\n# How to Teach Your Old Dog New Tricks\n\nTraining Your Dog\n\nShareTweetPin It\n\nCan you teach an old dog new tricks? The answer is a resounding yes. Here are\nnine tips and tricks on how to train an older dog.\n\n## It’s Never Too Late (for a Treat)\n\nDon’t let old cliches make you assume you can’t teach an old dog new tricks.\nEven a senior pooch, with no prior training, can wrap their brain around the\nfollowing instructions.\n\nReward training is going to be the key for your adult dog to learn positive\nbehaviors and reduce even a lifetime of bad manners.\n\n## Two Critical Tools for the Job\n\nVia Flickr\n\nIn addition to your canine, you’ll need two other constant companions for the\ntraining travails:\n\n * Dog Treats\n * People Patience\n\nYou’ll need both of these if you want your adult dog to reach their training\ngoals at this later life stage.\n\nAlso be mindful of quality and quantity. Your treats should be quality,\nsomething your special buddy particularly goes wild for, and your patience\nshould be in large quantity, or you’ll be the one going wild with frustration.\n\n## Things Start Great with Crates\n\nThey’re older and larger, so you might feel wary constricting them with a\ncrate, but they need the same basic structure as a puppy.\n\nGet a crate that’s the proper size, build up their endurance for staying in\nit, and get them to adopt it as their den.\n\nFood and rewards will enhance the association with a positive experience.\nNever use the crate as a punishment—that makes it feel like a prison.\n\nUntil they’re trained in other social canine graces, the crate can be their\nresidence when you aren’t able to supervise. Dog Behavior Online offers a\nhelpful video to get started:\n\n## On to Other Business (As In Doing Theirs)\n\nIf an adult dog treats the crate as their den, they’ll be unlikely to pee or\npoop in it. You can get them used to doing their duty outside and then get\nthem let them have the run of the house.\n\nStill, they might have ingrained habits that make them soil inside, so you may\nneed to troubleshoot the following issues:\n\n * Do they have a habit-formed surface preference for carpet, newspaper, etc?\n * Do they have a fear of the outdoors, or inclement weather?\n * Do they suffer from separation anxiety?\n\nFor these and other problems, the ASPCA website has an in-depth article for\nreference. The best thing, of course, is to get them outside and catch them in\nthe act of doggy duty.\n\nPraising and rewarding bladder and bowel behavior is going to reinforce the\nlocation and habit. If you catch them peeing inside, try clapping to startle\nand stop them midstream...then usher them outside to finish.\n\nAngie Woods’ Dog Psychology 101 offers another helpful tip, in the form of\naccouterments like belly bands and diapers:\n\n## Vet Your Dog’s Health\n\nCan you train an old dog to do absolutely anything? Certainly there are\nlimitations to consider, and a veterinary consult is wise before training\nbeyond the basics.\n\nAn older dog may have joint and arthritis issues, so jumping or catching the\nfrisbee might be unwise choices that frustrate you and hurt your four-legged\nfriend.\n\nAn older dog’s training might need to start with something easier, like shake,\nsit, or lay down.\n\nThe Animal Rescue League gives some tips on teaching some basic behaviors:\n\nIn some cases, an elderly dog may have cognitive dysfunction (doggie\ndementia). Dogs at this stage need love and patience, because training at this\npoint in life may not be possible. Getting professional opinions, knowing your\ndog, and loving them in light of limitations is critical.\n\nVia Flickr\n\n## Long on Patience, Short on Sessions\n\nPerhaps the easiest health angle to recognize is that they’re older, and tire\nmore quickly. They don’t have the exuberance of youth, so don’t train them\nlike a puppy. Keep training sessions short and learn your dog’s signs of\nexhaustion, which might include:\n\n * Yawning\n * Drooping ears\n * Excessive lip licking\n * Lifting front paw\n * Sniffing the ground\n\n## Clear, Singular Focus\n\nThey’re older, so it feels like the pressure’s on you to catch them up on\ntraining. You might mistakenly embark on a long list of desired behaviors or\nresponses, juggling multiple tricks at once. Don’t get them confused! Start\nwith one or two, like come or heel, and only introduce an additional trick\nonce they’re catching on to the first one.\n\nVia Flickr\n\n## Social Lubricant\n\nYour dog may be open to learning new things if new stimuli is a part of life.\n\nAn older, untrained dog may not have been socialized, and new places, people,\nanimals, and experiences will invigorate your dog’s mind and usually make them\nmore interested in learning new tricks, too.\n\nAdult dogs shouldn’t be socialized like puppies, who are frequently fine being\nloose together. An older dog needs to learn calm, public behavior as people\nand animals and other canines cross their path.\n\nAn introduction to one new friend at a time is preferable, and the Animal\nHumane Society has a deeper dive on how to set up these experiences.\n\n## Out With The Old, In With The New\n\n“You must unlearn what you have learned.” – Yoda\n\nVia Flickr\n\nAcquiring a new behavior or trick is going to be a lot easier for your older\ndog than a behavior you want to curb.\n\nIt’s going to require a lot more patience to eliminate acts they’ve been\nallowed to do repeatedly from puppy to adulthood.\n\nUse treats to reinforce alternative behaviors, but not to feed them in an\nattempt distract from jumping up or being aggressive. Your dog will\nmisinterpret this as a reward for the negative behavior.\n\nProvided you and your pooch hang in there (and the monthly treat costs don’t\nbreak the bank), your old dog shouldn’t have any more trouble picking up new\ntricks than an energetic young pup. The bonding experience for both of you\nwill be more than worth it.\n\nMake a January resolution for Train Your Dog Month with your canine companion.\nPretty soon, you’ll both be able to shake on it!\n\nTop image via of Flickr\n\nShareTweetPin It\n\n## sidebar\n\n#### Share This Article\n\nShareTweetPin It\n\n### Tips & stories by dog people, for dog people\n\nPowered by Rover.com\n\n### Popular Posts\n\n * Just Watch These Border Collie Puppies Meet Sheep for the First Time\n * Cat Shaming: Rank These 52 Cats Getting Hilariously Roasted for Their Crimes\n * Rescue Dog Kratu Plays His Way through Agility Competition and We Are Here for It\n * 8 Dog Supply Organizers to Declutter Your Pet’s Stuff\n * Sit Back and Get Cozy With These Dog-Themed Reality Shows, Streaming on HBO Max\n\n#### The Dog People Newsletter\n\nSign up and get $25 off pet sitting and dog walking!\n\nPowered by Rover.com\n\n##### More from The Dog People\n\n## Have You Been Petting Your Dog Wrong Your Whole Life?\n\n### Learn More\n\n * About Rover.com\n * Download the App\n * Rover Store\n * Sitter Resources\n * In The Press\n * Terms of Service\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n * User Terms\n * Privacy Statement\n * Cookie Policy\n\n### Need Help?\n\n * Help Center\n\n© 2021 Rover.com. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://tractive.com/blog/en/training-en/can-you-teach-an-old-dog-new-tricks-check-tips",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210304124030/https://tractive.com/blog/en/training-en/can-you-teach-an-old-dog-new-tricks-check-tips",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Can you teach an old dog new tricks: Here's how!",
"passages": [
"Older dogs can find training sessions challenging. How can you tell if your furry friend is fit enough to learn new tricks? We have the best tips for you!",
"Can you teach an old dog new tricks? Yes, you can, but it depends on the dog! Poor health and age limitations can be challenging for both his physical and mental condition. The best thing to do before starting with this new challenge is a quick check at the vet. Once you’ve done that and your buddy is fit for training sessions, you can start. And here are 10 tips and tricks on how to do it!",
"Examples show that it’s never too late to teach an old dog new tricks. A recipe that has been proven to be successful is a mix of people, patience and reward training, also called positive reinforcement. This method uses dog treats as a means to steer the dog’s behavior and motivate him to learn new things. As a dog lover, take time for this training and most importantly, show a lot of patience to your old dog buddy. He might not be in his best shape, but he is definitely one of your best companions, so treat him with lots of care and patience. Don’t forget that an older dog has the capacity to focus longer. Therefore, teaching it new tricks might be, in some cases, even easier than with puppies.",
"If you are a dog owner and wish to teach an old dog new tricks, start step-by- step. Practice shows that both human and dogs require more time to unlearn already existing skills (good or bad), than they do for learning new ones. As such, take the training history of your four-legged friend into account. If you’ve adopted an old dog, try to learn more about its previous owners and how it was treated. If you can’t find any previous information on your adopted old dog, give it some basic commands like sit or stay. Should your dog not show any reaction to this, start from scratch with the basics.",
"In addition, unlearning dog bad habits, such as chewing furniture or destructive digging can be also a challenge for newly adopted dogs. But don’t worry, there’s a solution for that! Make sure to keep your furry buddy well exercised and busy with the right chew toys. Always remember that there is nothing that patience and love won’t achieve. The best thing to do is to know your dog well, create a trusting bond and only afterward start teaching it new funny tricks.",
"The age and health condition of your four-legged friend should be seriously considered before deciding on the teaching sessions. Remember that your dog buddy is not a puppy anymore, so consequently, don’t treat her like one. Your dog will get easily tired, so be aware of signs of exhaustion. These can include:",
"It is possible to teach an old dog new tricks. Go through this checklist to make sure you start off on the right foot:",
"Use qualitative dog treats and also compliment your dog a lot, to guide and motivate him towards a certain behavior. After a while, you can use fewer treats and focus more on praising him.",
"Associate new places, people, toys with learning a new trick. Then once his usual environment changes, he will be more receptive to learning new things.",
"Teaching an old dog new tricks is possible, but won’t happen overnight. Research says it takes up to 4 weeks for an old dog to learn new things, so patience cannot be over stressed.",
"Most noteworthy, teaching an old dog new tricks might not be the best option for spending time with your old, fragile dog. Consider his needs as priority and know that, what dogs at a certain age need is love and care. Most importantly, don’t push your dog into doing certain tricks just for the sake of entertaining you or your friends. This training activity should be fun also for him and be an opportunity to bond. If your dog is fit enough for various physical activities, this bonding experience of teaching him new tricks will be worth it. Remember: first, know your dog, then check his age and health limitations and most importantly, love him despite all that!",
"Dog training not only teaches your pup the most important dog commands, but it also strengthens your relationship with him!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Can you teach an old dog new tricks: Here's how! | Tractive\n\n * Tractive GPS\n * Peace of Mind for Dog and Cat Parents\n * Free Shipping\n\nPRODUCTS SUPPORT ACTIVATE TRACKER BLOG\n\n * Deutsch (German)\n * English\n * Italiano (Italian)\n * Español (Spanish)\n * Français (French)\n\n * Products\n * Health\n * Good to know\n * Training\n * Safety\n * Nutrition\n * Tech\n * Blog\n\n * Deutsch (German)\n * English\n * Italiano (Italian)\n * Español (Spanish)\n * Français (French)\n\nTraining\n\n# Can you teach an old dog new tricks? With these 10 tips you can!\n\n22 August 2019\n\nOlder dogs can find training sessions challenging. How can you tell if your\nfurry friend is fit enough to learn new tricks? We have the best tips for you!\n\nCan you teach an old dog new tricks? Yes, you can, but it depends on the dog!\nPoor health and age limitations can be challenging for both his physical and\nmental condition. The best thing to do before starting with this new challenge\nis a quick check at the vet. Once you’ve done that and your buddy is fit for\ntraining sessions, you can start. And here are 10 tips and tricks on how to do\nit!\n\n## It’s never too late\n\nExamples show that it’s never too late to teach an old dog new tricks. A\nrecipe that has been proven to be successful is a mix of people, patience and\nreward training, also called positive reinforcement. This method uses dog\ntreats as a means to steer the dog’s behavior and motivate him to learn new\nthings. As a dog lover, take time for this training and most importantly, show\na lot of patience to your old dog buddy. He might not be in his best shape,\nbut he is definitely one of your best companions, so treat him with lots of\ncare and patience. Don’t forget that an older dog has the capacity to focus\nlonger. Therefore, teaching it new tricks might be, in some cases, even easier\nthan with puppies.\n\n## Forget the old, learn the new\n\nIf you are a dog owner and wish to teach an old dog new tricks, start step-by-\nstep. Practice shows that both human and dogs require more time to unlearn\nalready existing skills (good or bad), than they do for learning new ones. As\nsuch, take the training history of your four-legged friend into account. If\nyou’ve adopted an old dog, try to learn more about its previous owners and how\nit was treated. If you can’t find any previous information on your adopted old\ndog, give it some basic commands like sit or stay. Should your dog not show\nany reaction to this, start from scratch with the basics.\n\nIn addition, unlearning dog bad habits, such as chewing furniture or\ndestructive digging can be also a challenge for newly adopted dogs. But don’t\nworry, there’s a solution for that! Make sure to keep your furry buddy well\nexercised and busy with the right chew toys. Always remember that there is\nnothing that patience and love won’t achieve. The best thing to do is to know\nyour dog well, create a trusting bond and only afterward start teaching it new\nfunny tricks.\n\n## Pay attention to these signs of exhaustion\n\nThe age and health condition of your four-legged friend should be seriously\nconsidered before deciding on the teaching sessions. Remember that your dog\nbuddy is not a puppy anymore, so consequently, don’t treat her like one. Your\ndog will get easily tired, so be aware of signs of exhaustion. These can\ninclude:\n\n * Sniffing the ground\n * Dropped ears\n * Excessive Licking\n * Yawning a lot\n * Boredom\n\n## Can you teach an old dog new tricks: these 10 tips make it possible\n\nIt is possible to teach an old dog new tricks. Go through this checklist to\nmake sure you start off on the right foot:\n\n 1. Build trust and a strong friendship with your dog\n 2. Take time to really know your furry friend well\n 3. Recognize and respect your dog’s’ limits\n 4. Keep training sessions short\n 5. Never underestimate the power of positive reinforcement\n 6. Use qualitative dog treats and also compliment your dog a lot, to guide and motivate him towards a certain behavior. After a while, you can use fewer treats and focus more on praising him.\n 7. Start with a single trick at a time; dogs can get confused by too many different commands\n 8. Associate new places, people, toys with learning a new trick. Then once his usual environment changes, he will be more receptive to learning new things.\n 9. Remember that dog training is a commitment you make, so offer time and be consistent.\n 10. Teaching an old dog new tricks is possible, but won’t happen overnight. Research says it takes up to 4 weeks for an old dog to learn new things, so patience cannot be over stressed.\n\n## Should I teach my old dog new tricks?\n\nMost noteworthy, teaching an old dog new tricks might not be the best option\nfor spending time with your old, fragile dog. Consider his needs as priority\nand know that, what dogs at a certain age need is love and care. Most\nimportantly, don’t push your dog into doing certain tricks just for the sake\nof entertaining you or your friends. This training activity should be fun also\nfor him and be an opportunity to bond. If your dog is fit enough for various\nphysical activities, this bonding experience of teaching him new tricks will\nbe worth it. Remember: first, know your dog, then check his age and health\nlimitations and most importantly, love him despite all that!\n\n#### Like what you’ve read? Share it with your dog-lover friends!\n\n### Must reads\n\n * For Dogs\n\n16 December 2020\n\n### Best 5 tips on how to leave your dog home alone without feeling guilty\n\nSafely leave your dog home alone with these tips!\n\nRead more\n\n * For Dogs\n\n30 June 2020\n\n### 7 Essential Tips for Handling the Prey Drive in Dogs\n\nLearn all about - and how to manage - the controversial prey drive in dogs.\n\nRead more\n\n * Good to know\n\n19 September 2018\n\n### How to increase your dog’s motivation? Here are 4 ideas that work!\n\nHow to increase your dog's motivation? Follow these easy ideas!\n\nRead more\n\nSafety\n\n1\\. March 2021\n\n### Find out how your dog spends their time.\n\nRead more\n\n### You may also like...\n\n * For Dogs\n\n16 December 2020\n\n### Best 5 tips on how to leave your dog home alone without feeling guilty\n\nSafely leave your dog home alone with these tips!\n\nRead more\n\n * For Dogs\n\n30 June 2020\n\n### 7 Essential Tips for Handling the Prey Drive in Dogs\n\nLearn all about - and how to manage - the controversial prey drive in dogs.\n\nRead more\n\n * Good to know\n\n19 September 2018\n\n### How to increase your dog’s motivation? Here are 4 ideas that work!\n\nHow to increase your dog's motivation? Follow these easy ideas!\n\nRead more\n\n * Training\n\n30 June 2018\n\n### How to teach your dog the most important dog commands\n\nDog training not only teaches your pup the most important dog commands, but it\nalso strengthens your relationship with him!\n\nRead more\n\n### More articles\n\n * From basket to scratcher: 9 cat basics\n * 6 Reasons: Why do dogs run away?\n * How can I make my dog smell better without a bath?\n * Moving abroad with a pet: a checklist against all the odds\n * How to lose weight with your dog\n * Adventure tracker: How Tractive GPS benefits wanderlust cats\n\n## Sign up for the Tractive Newsletter\n\nJoin our pack for pawsome updates. Get discounts and tips for pet parents!\n\nAwesome! You're all signed up.\n\nOops! Something went wrong. Please try again.\n\nCopyright © 2012-2021\n\n> ### Want a weekly dose of cat and dog-infused happiness wrapped in our\n> newsletter?\n\nHealth • Nutrition • Training\n\nAwesome! You’re all signed up.\n\nOops! Something went wrong. Please try again.\n\n"
}
] |
1,037,603 | How To Make a Necklace | To make a simple beaded necklace, start by cutting a piece of stainless steel wire 6 inches longer than your desired necklace length. Next, tie a knot at one end of the wire, leaving at least 2-3 inches on the other end of the knot so you can tie the necklace together later. Then, run the wire through the beads, one at a time, and slide them down to the knot. Finally, tie a knot at the other end of the necklace before tying both ends together! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201001114018/https://www.making-beaded-jewelry.com/how-to-string-beads.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171006235026/http://abeautifulmess.com:80/2014/07/how-to-make-a-simple-beaded-necklace.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416021106/https://www.savvyhomemade.com/make-a-homemade-necklace-or-pendant-the-basics/"
] | train | 1,343 | [
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"original_url": "https://www.making-beaded-jewelry.com/how-to-string-beads.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201001114018/https://www.making-beaded-jewelry.com/how-to-string-beads.html",
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"title": "How to String Beads | Jewelry Making for Beginners",
"passages": [
"How to string beads...It's what all beading beginners want to know! See how to make jewelry with step by step illustrated instructions for stringing beads into jewelry!",
"In the photo below I used sponge coral rondelle shaped beads and sterling silver accent beads for an everyday look.",
"A lot of us first learn how to bead stringing beads and then use the jewelry making or beading technique called crimping to finish off the piece.",
"You'll learn not only the how, but the why of stringing beads. So, the next time that you want to string beads you can create your own beaded necklace design.",
"If you didn't already, please review an Introduction on How to Make a Beaded Necklace. It reviews the basic steps to making a beaded necklace design. You'll learn how to string beads more quickly if you do.",
"You can simply use one size of beads. That way you will only have to buy one 16\" (40.6 cm) strand of beads. Keep in mind that your necklace will be shorter.",
"1. Cut any temporary string, cord or monofilament (fishing line) that your beads are strung on and remove your beads from it.",
"My beads end at the number 9 mark. My necklace without the clasp will be about 18 inches (45.7 cm) long.",
"To keep the beads from falling off the other end of the wire, tie a loose knot near the end of the wire.",
"Starting with the three 6mm beads, string the beads one by one onto the other end of the flexible beading wire, ending with three 6mm beads.",
"The 6mm beads are strung onto the flexible beading first and last to form a slight graduation of the beads that allow room for your fingers to better grasp the lobster claw clasp when putting on the necklace.",
"3. After stringing the beads, check your beaded necklace design to see if you have strung the beads in the design that you wanted.",
"Note: It is not necessary to add the split ring (you could string the beading wire directly through the loop on the lobster claw).",
"I like to add it because it also gives the opening mechanism on the lobster claw clasp a litter extra room to work.",
"5. On one end of the strand of beads, string a crimp bead and half of the clasp (split ring and lobster claw) onto the flexible beading wire.",
"6. Thread the end of the flexible beading wire back through the crimp bead and a few sponge coral beads, making a loop to hold the split ring and lobster claw.",
"Note: Do not crimp the clasp yet. We'll check the fit in Step 9. We'll secure the clasp in Step 10.",
"Beading Tip: Place the tip of the round nose pliers between the split ring and the crimp tube bead. Pull the end of the flexible beading wire, drawing the beads against one another.",
"9. There's no picture for this specific task. Before we crimp or secure the crimp beads, we need to see how (and if) the necklace will fit on our neck.",
"Is it long or short enough? If not, you'll need to do Step 6 in reverse (pull the beading wire back through or out of the beads). Add more or remove some beads and then redo Step 6.",
"10. Crimp each crimp bead using crimping pliers, also known as the Crimping Process: Steps 10 - 15. This secures the clasp onto the end of the necklace.",
"Pick up your crimping pliers, place the crimp tube of one necklace end into the notch closest to the pliers' handle.",
"You may have to place the crimp cover (opening face up) onto a flat work surface and really press, or work, the crimped crimp bead into the crimp cover.",
"15. Now, take the crimping pliers and place the covered crimp bead in the notch closest to the crimping pliers' tip. Gently squeeze the pliers shut to close the crimp cover.",
"16. Before you secure the second half of the clasp, arrange the beads in a semi circle to simulate how it would fit on your neck.",
"This ensures that when the necklace is finished, the beads are not too tight fitting and will drape more naturally.",
"Follow these easy beginner jewelry making instructions and you will be successful in making a beautiful beaded necklace too. Yours to wear proudly!",
"There were a lot of steps. Over time, you will find short cuts as you develop your own way of stringing beads.",
"Now, would you like to find out how to make your necklace look more like designer jewelry? Yes? Here's how...",
"I have bookmarked your site onto my Firefox toolbar and will stop in a LOT! Thanks again! :o) Maryfrances Botkin Columbia, MD",
"I have just started my hobby in jewelry making and whenever I come across a hurdle, your website shows me how to get over it.",
"Home | About | Contact | Disclosure | Legal | Privacy | What's New! Copyright 2009-20 Wanda A. Epps, publisher of Making-Beaded-Jewelry.com. All rights reserved."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to String Beads | Jewelry Making for Beginners\n\n# How to String Beads | Jewelry Making for Beginners\n\nHow to string beads...It's what all beading beginners want to know! See how to\nmake jewelry with step by step illustrated instructions for stringing beads\ninto jewelry!\n\nString a simple bead necklace. That's what I did to make my first piece of\njewelry.\n\nIn the photo below I used sponge coral rondelle shaped beads and sterling\nsilver accent beads for an everyday look.\n\nStringing beads is one of the most basic and easiest beading techniques used\nto make handcrafted beaded jewelry.\n\nBeads Strung Into a Necklace on Beading Wire\n\n## How to Bead\n\nA lot of us first learn how to bead stringing beads and then use the jewelry\nmaking or beading technique called crimping to finish off the piece.\n\nCrimping finishes the ends of a necklace or bracelet by holding it together so\nit can be worn.\n\nThe most common crimping method uses beading wire and crimp beads.\n\n## Stringing Beads Jewelry Beading for Beginners\n\nYou'll learn not only the how, but the why of stringing beads. So, the next\ntime that you want to string beads you can create your own beaded necklace\ndesign.\n\nThough optional, using a beading board aids in measuring and planning a beaded\nnecklace design.\n\nIf you didn't already, please review an Introduction on How to Make a Beaded\nNecklace. It reviews the basic steps to making a beaded necklace design.\nYou'll learn how to string beads more quickly if you do.\n\n## Let's Learn How to String Beads!\n\nBeading Tutorial Category: Bead Stringing Tutorials\n\nSkill Level: Beginning Beading\n\nFinished Length of Necklace: 19\" (48.3 cm), including a 1\" (2.5 cm) clasp\n\nSpecial Note:\n\nIn this beginner bead stringing project, I have used three different bead\nsizes to make this beaded necklace.\n\nYou can simply use one size of beads. That way you will only have to buy one\n16\" (40.6 cm) strand of beads. Keep in mind that your necklace will be\nshorter.\n\n### Jewelry Making Supplies to Buy\n\n * one strand of beads, 15 or 16\" (38.1 or 40.6 cm) in length (I used 10mm beads)\n * 2 crimp tube beads\n * 2 split rings\n * 1 lobster claw clasp\n * 26\" (66 cm) .019 diameter flexible beading wire (sold by the spool)\n * eight 10mm size beads (Optional)\n * six 6mm size beads (Optional)\n * two crimp covers (Optional)\n * one Beading Board (Optional)\n\nHere's information on flexible beading wire used to string beads.\n\n### Close Up of Jewelry Findings\n\nHere's an explanation and pictures of other jewelry findings used to make\njewelry.\n\n### Jewelry Making Tools to Buy\n\n * Round nose pliers (Optional for this project, but very helpful)\n * Crimping pliers\n * Wire cutters\n\nHere is an explanation and pictures of jewelry pliers used in bead jewelry\nprojects.\n\n## Jewelry Making for Beginners How to String Beads Into Jewelry\n\n## Beading Instructions\n\n### Layout Design\n\n1\\. Cut any temporary string, cord or monofilament (fishing line) that your\nbeads are strung on and remove your beads from it.\n\nLayout your beads in an eye pleasing design.\n\nAlign your design on the center, or zero, of the beading board.\n\nThe numbers on the bead board are guides for length and bead placement.\n\nMy beads end at the number 9 mark. My necklace without the clasp will be about\n18 inches (45.7 cm) long.\n\nTry a few different bead arrangements before deciding on one.\n\n### String Beads\n\n2\\. Using the wire cutters, cut about 26 inches (66 cm) of beading wire.\n\nTo keep the beads from falling off the other end of the wire, tie a loose knot\nnear the end of the wire.\n\nStarting with the three 6mm beads, string the beads one by one onto the other\nend of the flexible beading wire, ending with three 6mm beads.\n\nThe 6mm beads are strung onto the flexible beading first and last to form a\nslight graduation of the beads that allow room for your fingers to better\ngrasp the lobster claw clasp when putting on the necklace.\n\n### Check Design\n\n3\\. After stringing the beads, check your beaded necklace design to see if you\nhave strung the beads in the design that you wanted.\n\nMake any necessary adjustments.\n\nYou're learning how to string beads!\n\n### Prepare Clasp\n\n4\\. A split ring and the lobster claw make up the clasp.\n\nUsing the split ring pliers, open a split spring and slide it onto the lobster\nclaw clasp.\n\nNote: It is not necessary to add the split ring (you could string the beading\nwire directly through the loop on the lobster claw).\n\nI like to add it because it also gives the opening mechanism on the lobster\nclaw clasp a litter extra room to work.\n\n### Attach One Half of Clasp\n\n5\\. On one end of the strand of beads, string a crimp bead and half of the\nclasp (split ring and lobster claw) onto the flexible beading wire.\n\n### Draw Beads Against Clasp\n\n6\\. Thread the end of the flexible beading wire back through the crimp bead\nand a few sponge coral beads, making a loop to hold the split ring and lobster\nclaw.\n\nPull on the wire to draw the beads next to the clasp.\n\nNote: Do not crimp the clasp yet. We'll check the fit in Step 9. We'll secure\nthe clasp in Step 10.\n\n## How to String Beads Instructions Continued\n\n### Clasp Help\n\n7\\. If you find it difficult to draw the beads against the clasp with just\nyour fingers, try this.\n\nBeading Tip: Place the tip of the round nose pliers between the split ring and\nthe crimp tube bead. Pull the end of the flexible beading wire, drawing the\nbeads against one another.\n\n### Attach Second Half of Clasp\n\n8\\. Repeat Steps 5 - 7 on the second end of the necklace.\n\nThe second split ring is the second half of the clasp.\n\nYou're halfway to knowing how to string beads!\n\n### Check Fit\n\n9\\. There's no picture for this specific task. Before we crimp or secure the\ncrimp beads, we need to see how (and if) the necklace will fit on our neck.\n\nGently pick up your necklace by both ends and go to a mirror.\n\nFacing the mirror, clasp the necklace around your neck. See where and how it\nrests against your neck.\n\nIs it long or short enough? If not, you'll need to do Step 6 in reverse (pull\nthe beading wire back through or out of the beads). Add more or remove some\nbeads and then redo Step 6.\n\nWhen you're satisfied with the length and fit move onto Step 10.\n\n## How to String Beads Instructions Continued\n\n### The Crimping Process\n\n10\\. Crimp each crimp bead using crimping pliers, also known as the Crimping\nProcess: Steps 10 - 15. This secures the clasp onto the end of the necklace.\n\nYou'll do three things...\n\n 1. Crimp each crimp bead using crimping pliers\n 2. Trim the excess wire\n 3. Add a crimp cover over the crimped crimp bead (optional)\n\n### Crimp the Clasp\n\nPick up your crimping pliers, place the crimp tube of one necklace end into\nthe notch closest to the pliers' handle.\n\nTry to ensure that the wires are separated, one wire on each side of the\nnotch.\n\nSqueeze the pliers shut.\n\n11\\. Next, place the crimp tube into the notch closest to the pliers' tip.\n\n12\\. Squeeze the pliers shut, folding the crimp tube bead in half onto itself.\n\n### Trim Excess Wire\n\n13\\. Now, using the wire cutters, trim the excess flexible beading wire.\n\n### Add a Crimp Cover\n\n14\\. This step is optional, but adds a finished look to beaded jewelry.\n\nPlace (or press) the folded crimp bead into the crimp cover.\n\nYou may have to place the crimp cover (opening face up) onto a flat work\nsurface and really press, or work, the crimped crimp bead into the crimp\ncover.\n\n### Close the Crimp Cover\n\n15\\. Now, take the crimping pliers and place the covered crimp bead in the\nnotch closest to the crimping pliers' tip. Gently squeeze the pliers shut to\nclose the crimp cover.\n\nHang in there, you're almost finished. You're getting the hang of how to\nstring beads!\n\n### Ensure a Natural Drape\n\n16\\. Before you secure the second half of the clasp, arrange the beads in a\nsemi circle to simulate how it would fit on your neck.\n\nDo this versus securing the clasp with the beads in a straight line.\n\nThis ensures that when the necklace is finished, the beads are not too tight\nfitting and will drape more naturally.\n\n### Secure Second Half of Clasp\n\n17\\. Repeat Steps 10 - 15 on the other end of the necklace.\n\n### From Strand of Beads to Beaded Necklace...Beautiful!\n\nCongratulations! You did it. Now you know how to string a bead necklace!\n\nFollow these easy beginner jewelry making instructions and you will be\nsuccessful in making a beautiful beaded necklace too. Yours to wear proudly!\n\n## Beginner Jewelry Making\n\nI hope you found this How to String Beads Tutorial easy to follow.\n\nThere were a lot of steps. Over time, you will find short cuts as you develop\nyour own way of stringing beads.\n\nYou will also try stringing different sizes and types of beads.\n\nThe possibilities are endless!\n\nNow, would you like to find out how to make your necklace look more like\ndesigner jewelry? Yes? Here's how...\n\n## Beading Tip\n\nAdd a jewelry extender! Jewelry extenders are not only functional, but add a\ndesigner touch to handcrafted jewelry.\n\nHere, make your own necklace extender and begin to make designer like handmade\njewelry!\n\nKeep making beaded jewelry!\n\nTop of How to String Beads page\n\nBack to Stringing Beads page\n\nMore Options\n\nAsk a question on how to make jewelry\n\nGo home for more jewelry making techniques\n\nThanks for Visiting!\n\n### Welcome!\n\n * Home\n * Blog\n\n### Techniques\n\n * Bead Crochet\n * Bead Stringing\n * Chainmail\n * Peyote Stitch\n * Wirework\n\n### Projects\n\n * Bracelets\n * Earrings\n * Lanyards\n * Necklaces\n * Pendants\n * Rosaries\n\n### Help\n\n * Ask a Question\n * Bead Stringing Tips\n * Wire Jewelry Tips\n * Jewelry Making Tips\n\n### Design Ideas\n\n * Bead Designs\n * More Bead Designs\n * Jewelry Making Ideas\n * Jewelry Design Ideas\n * Wire Jewelry Designs\n * Seed Bead Designs\n\n### Resources\n\n * About Beads\n * Beading Techniques\n * Knot Tying\n * Online Bead Stores\n\nSubscribe To This Site\n\n### Visitor Comments\n\nI really find that (of) all the beading sites on the web, yours is the best!\n\nYou show simple, straight to the point photos that are EASY to look at. BRAVO!\n\nI have bookmarked your site onto my Firefox toolbar and will stop in a LOT!\nThanks again! :o) Maryfrances Botkin Columbia, MD\n\nThis site has been so helpful and inspirational to a beginner beader like me.\n\nI have learned so much and appreciate knowing how to make my pieces look\nreally professional.\n\nYou have done well! Jenny\n\nThank you for an awesome website, it has been very useful and informative!\n\nI have just started my hobby in jewelry making and whenever I come across a\nhurdle, your website shows me how to get over it.\n\nThank you again. Merishka B. Ladysmith, South Africa\n\nHome | About | Contact | Disclosure | Legal | Privacy | What's New! Copyright\n2009-20 Wanda A. Epps, publisher of Making-Beaded-Jewelry.com. All rights\nreserved.\n\n"
},
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"title": "How to Make a Simple Beaded Necklace – A Beautiful Mess",
"passages": [
"Lately I've been revisiting one of my first loves, jewelry making. It's so addictive! I have this thing for what Emma and I call \"art teacher necklaces,\" which are basically just big, quirky statement necklaces. We liken that style to a cross between Ms. Frizzle (from The Magic School Bus) and our mom, who was an art teacher herself while we were growing up.",
"I've been buying supplies like crazy, and it's feeling really FUN. Hobbies are refreshing like that, you know; they come and they go, and then years later they come back. I love it.",
"But before I get all crazy, I thought it might be helpful to share a few of the bare bones of jewelry making. Here's what you need to get started and create your first, simple beaded necklace!",
"Supplies needed: Beads, bead-stringing wire, wire cutters, needle-nose pliers, bead crimper, crimping beads, chain, and jewelry findings (closures and hoops to finish off your necklaces). You can get a lot more fancy in the future, but this is all you need to get started!",
"First, use your bead-stringing wire to make as many strings of beads as you like. I did three, but you can start with just one for a single-strand necklace.",
"Next, use the crimping beads to attach the ends of the three wires to one jump ring on each end. This is super easy—just loop the wire back through two beads (as you see above), and then use your crimping pliers to crimp the beads, flattening them until they permanently hold the two wires together. Then use wire cutters to trim off any excess wire. Repeat that with the end of every wire until all ends are attached to jump rings.",
"Last, attach chains and closures to your beaded wire using needle-nose pliers. Be sure to measure and make sure your necklace is the length you prefer.",
"You can wear your new necklace under a collar like this, or with a lower cut top or dress like Emma is.",
"Once you've practiced these basics and you have them down, you'll instantly know how to make a lot of the jewelry you see in stores! My home ec teacher in high school always said, \"Why buy it if you can make it?\" I still think of her words when I'm out shopping today.",
"I think with jewelry it's really worth it to invest in the basic tools and learn to make it because the possibilities are literally endless. Plus it's really fun. Jewelry making is a great girls' night activity with a bottle of wine and friends.",
"For more DIY jewelry tutorials, click here, here, here, here, or here. 🙂 Let us know if you have any DIY jewelry requests too. We love making these projects! xx. Elsie",
"A Beautiful Mess is a lifestyle company focused on creating happiness through a homemade lifestyle, founded by sisters Elsie Larson and Emma Chapman.",
"This necklace is gorgeous! I used to make jewelry all the time and then I got kind of burnt out on it-this is making want to get back into it though! I love the versatility of this piece too; you could dress it up for a date night or wear it more casually like you guys showed 🙂 You ladies are so talented and I love being inspired by you daily. Thanks for posting!",
"I love this! And it is SO true that your hobbies come back around. Lately I’ve been thinking a lot about jewelry making too. When I was in Jr High and High School, I used to make jewelry that was sold in a local hair salon. It was amazing to know that my pieces were used as bridesmaids gifts and special moment surprises. I’m ready to get back into it 🙂",
"I’ve actually been wanting to take up this hobby but really didn’t know where to start. I also didn’t want to just start shelling out money for supplies with no idea what I was doing. This could be a good starting point!",
"This is great! I actually have some turquoise beads passed down from my mom when she lived in Alaska and have been wanting to do something with, so thanks for the inspiration and know how!",
"Ooooo! I love this necklace! I will officially be demanding that my craft- machine daughter make me one 🙂 xo K",
"So pretty! I love those beads. You are right – with the basic tools there are endless possibilities! How about a bracelet next? I’ve loved quite a few wrap bracelets but not some of the prices! Shannon",
"I used to be really into beading and jewelry making when I was younger! Every time my mom would vacuum there would be a horrendous noise of seed beads being slurped up. 🙂 This necklace is gorgeous, turquoise pieces are one of my favorites right now!",
"LOVE the color of those beads! My Mom makes jewelry in her spare time and she really enjoys it. Good idea on making it into a girls night, can’t wait to see more ideas!",
"I love this cute DIY! My mom has all the tools for jewelry making when she went through a phase of constantly making stuff. I haven’t tried it out yet (I’m still scared from the time she used the pliers to try and pull a stuck earring from my ear and then ended up pulling the whole earring through my ear. eek!) but I would love to make something like this! So much cheaper than buying one and it feels better because you made it yourself!",
"I used to dabble in jewelry making a couple years ago. I was never particularly excellent, but it’s always motivating to have a one-of-a-kind piece in your collection. I really love the turquoise you chose. It’s a bold but versatile color. :] // http://www.itscarmen.com ☼",
"Thanks for sharing this versatile necklace! It’s so great to see so many other people are into this type of creative hobby/job/interest/etc as well!! I have just recently started to get serious about my beading/jewellery making and as scary and completely exhilarating as it is – I am LOVING it!!",
"Thanks so much for this DIY! I love these types of necklaces but they always seem to be out of my budget. I’ve been interested in jewelry making lately so this is perfect!",
"My mother used to make jewelry so this is something that I can relate to. I love this necklace and the fact that you made it! Very pretty, love love love!",
"I love that you call this an “art teacher necklace.” I am an art teacher who can’t get enough statement necklaces. I think a trip to the bead store is in my future. Thanks for the tips on how to make this one. Eve",
"Ms. Frizzle! Ah! What an awesome reference to such a great character from my childhood! I used to make jewelry with my mom. I should get back in to that. 🙂",
"I’ve just discovered jewellery making...it’s so fun! You’re so right about things you see in the shops too, I would love to see more tutorials like this",
"Beautiful! This necklace is really pretty. I’ve never made a necklace but I’d really like to try it 🙂 Thanks for your tutorials, they’re very helpful!",
"This looks fun! Back in the day, I used to throw beading parties and I’ve always made jeelry with my daughters. Clever post!",
"I have read your post and I am pretty astonished at your project... I really like the transformation and the fact, that you have done it yourself. You have inspired me. BR, Renia",
"love the idea of wearing the necklace over a collar. This is all very j. crew and im not one bit upset about it 😉",
"I’ve made my share of jewellery too...and if it wasn’t for my newest hobby/obsession (my blog!) I’d probably still find the time to create a new piece every once in a while!! But as you said, dear Elsie, hobbies have a way of resurfacing; so I may yet get out my pliers and silver wire and do a little beading again!!",
"Could you do a tutorial on how to make photo mugs?? Like the ones they sell on shutterfly (microwave and dishwasher safe!).",
"I really like this necklace. Granted that I don’t really wear statement necklaces that much but this is one that I might try to make and wear, as long as I have the right outfit for it 🙂",
"Getting interesting beads is not easy. I saw african beads that are most interesting, but they are out of my price range. Any suggestions?"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make a Simple Beaded Necklace – A Beautiful Mess\n\nSkip to content\n\nStart Here\n\nA Beautiful Mess\n\nMenu\n\n7/17\n\n# How to Make a Simple Beaded Necklace\n\nBudget: $$, Crafts, D.I.Y. Project, Fashion, Homemade Gifts, Jewelry, Style\n\nLately I've been revisiting one of my first loves, jewelry making. It's so\naddictive! I have this thing for what Emma and I call \"art teacher necklaces,\"\nwhich are basically just big, quirky statement necklaces. We liken that style\nto a cross between Ms. Frizzle (from The Magic School Bus) and our mom, who\nwas an art teacher herself while we were growing up.\n\nI've been buying supplies like crazy, and it's feeling really FUN. Hobbies are\nrefreshing like that, you know; they come and they go, and then years later\nthey come back. I love it.\n\nBut before I get all crazy, I thought it might be helpful to share a few of\nthe bare bones of jewelry making. Here's what you need to get started and\ncreate your first, simple beaded necklace!\n\nSupplies needed: Beads, bead-stringing wire, wire cutters, needle-nose pliers,\nbead crimper, crimping beads, chain, and jewelry findings (closures and hoops\nto finish off your necklaces). You can get a lot more fancy in the future, but\nthis is all you need to get started!\n\nFirst, use your bead-stringing wire to make as many strings of beads as you\nlike. I did three, but you can start with just one for a single-strand\nnecklace.\n\nNext, use the crimping beads to attach the ends of the three wires to one jump\nring on each end. This is super easy—just loop the wire back through two beads\n(as you see above), and then use your crimping pliers to crimp the beads,\nflattening them until they permanently hold the two wires together. Then use\nwire cutters to trim off any excess wire. Repeat that with the end of every\nwire until all ends are attached to jump rings.\n\nLast, attach chains and closures to your beaded wire using needle-nose pliers.\nBe sure to measure and make sure your necklace is the length you prefer.\n\nYou can wear your new necklace under a collar like this, or with a lower cut\ntop or dress like Emma is.\n\nOnce you've practiced these basics and you have them down, you'll instantly\nknow how to make a lot of the jewelry you see in stores! My home ec teacher in\nhigh school always said, \"Why buy it if you can make it?\" I still think of her\nwords when I'm out shopping today.\n\nI think with jewelry it's really worth it to invest in the basic tools and\nlearn to make it because the possibilities are literally endless. Plus it's\nreally fun. Jewelry making is a great girls' night activity with a bottle of\nwine and friends.\n\nFor more DIY jewelry tutorials, click here, here, here, here, or here. 🙂 Let\nus know if you have any DIY jewelry requests too. We love making these\nprojects! xx. Elsie\n\nCredits// Author and Photography: Elsie Larson. Photos edited with Stella and\nJean from The Signature Collection.\n\nAuthor Elsie Larson\n\nShare on Pinterest Share on Facebook Share on Twitter Share by Email\n\n * A Beautiful Mess is a lifestyle company focused on creating happiness through a homemade lifestyle, founded by sisters Elsie Larson and Emma Chapman.\n\nread more\n\n * ## keep in touch!\n\nSign up for our newsletter and get our bonus post: 10 Tips for growing your\naudience organically\n\n * Pom-Pom Bracelet DIY\n\nPom-Pom Bracelet DIY\n\n * DIY Epoxy Resin Jewelry\n\nDIY Epoxy Resin Jewelry\n\n * Pearl Dangle Earring DIY\n\nPearl Dangle Earring DIY\n\n## 43 Comments\n\n * ##### Emily St. John July 17, 2014\n\nThis necklace is gorgeous! I used to make jewelry all the time and then I got\nkind of burnt out on it-this is making want to get back into it though! I love\nthe versatility of this piece too; you could dress it up for a date night or\nwear it more casually like you guys showed 🙂 You ladies are so talented and I\nlove being inspired by you daily. Thanks for posting!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Melissa @ Treats With a Twist July 17, 2014\n\nI love this! And it is SO true that your hobbies come back around. Lately I’ve\nbeen thinking a lot about jewelry making too. When I was in Jr High and High\nSchool, I used to make jewelry that was sold in a local hair salon. It was\namazing to know that my pieces were used as bridesmaids gifts and special\nmoment surprises. I’m ready to get back into it 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * ##### the bbb blogger July 17, 2014\n\nlove love love love love Such fun texture!\n\nHave a beautiful day!!!\n\nxoxo,\n\nthe bbb blogger\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Kat July 17, 2014\n\nI’ve actually been wanting to take up this hobby but really didn’t know where\nto start. I also didn’t want to just start shelling out money for supplies\nwith no idea what I was doing. This could be a good starting point!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Chelsea July 17, 2014\n\nThis is great! I actually have some turquoise beads passed down from my mom\nwhen she lived in Alaska and have been wanting to do something with, so thanks\nfor the inspiration and know how!\n\nhttp://www.hollandsreverie.blogspot\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Hannah Faith @OverMountainsBlog July 17, 2014\n\nJewelry making is one of my favorite hobbies! Love the color of the beads you\nused on this one.\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Delilah July 17, 2014\n\nAbsolutely love this, has inspired me to get my DIY on. Will look amazing on\nthe beach!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Emily July 17, 2014\n\nSuch a cute necklace! Maybe ill have to start a new hobby!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### KrisWithaK July 17, 2014\n\nOoooo! I love this necklace! I will officially be demanding that my craft-\nmachine daughter make me one 🙂 xo K\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Shannon at www.strippedchic.com July 17, 2014\n\nSo pretty! I love those beads. You are right – with the basic tools there are\nendless possibilities! How about a bracelet next? I’ve loved quite a few wrap\nbracelets but not some of the prices! Shannon\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Shae July 17, 2014\n\nI used to be really into beading and jewelry making when I was younger! Every\ntime my mom would vacuum there would be a horrendous noise of seed beads being\nslurped up. 🙂 This necklace is gorgeous, turquoise pieces are one of my\nfavorites right now!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Kelly Jo July 17, 2014\n\nLOVE the color of those beads! My Mom makes jewelry in her spare time and she\nreally enjoys it. Good idea on making it into a girls night, can’t wait to see\nmore ideas!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### A Beautiful Mess July 17, 2014\n\nThanks so much Emily! It’s so fun how hobbies come back around, huh? xx- Elsie\n\nReply\n\n * ##### A Beautiful Mess July 17, 2014\n\nHooray! We can do it together! 🙂 -Elsie\n\nReply\n\n * ##### A Beautiful Mess July 17, 2014\n\nAwesome! You’ll have so much fun! -Elsie\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Welcome Home Taylor July 17, 2014\n\nI love this cute DIY! My mom has all the tools for jewelry making when she\nwent through a phase of constantly making stuff. I haven’t tried it out yet\n(I’m still scared from the time she used the pliers to try and pull a stuck\nearring from my ear and then ended up pulling the whole earring through my\near. eek!) but I would love to make something like this! So much cheaper than\nbuying one and it feels better because you made it yourself!\n\nxoxo Taylor\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Nicole July 17, 2014\n\ngorgeous color! love it so much lifevsstyle.com\n\nReply\n\n * ##### lisa d July 17, 2014\n\nreally cute, and Emma your hair is on point!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Grace July 17, 2014\n\nSuch a cute necklace! It looks totally store bought, thanks for showing us how\nyou made it! 🙂\n\nhttp://everydayingrace.blogspot.ca/\n\nReply\n\n * ##### sconesandstones July 17, 2014\n\nI like the photos! the frames are a bit different from usual aren’t they? XOXO\n\nReply\n\n * ##### ~ Carmen ~ July 17, 2014\n\nI used to dabble in jewelry making a couple years ago. I was never\nparticularly excellent, but it’s always motivating to have a one-of-a-kind\npiece in your collection. I really love the turquoise you chose. It’s a bold\nbut versatile color. :] // http://www.itscarmen.com ☼\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Grace July 17, 2014\n\nThis is so sweet! Such gorgeous beading and such a simple tutorial! Love it!\n\nhttp://sometimesgracefully.com\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Gabbie July 17, 2014\n\nI love Emma’s glasses in the last photo! Where are they from?\n\nReply\n\n * ##### nikki July 17, 2014\n\npretty!!\n\nxxoo, nikki\n\nhttp://www.dream-in-neon.com\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Paper Kite Creations July 17, 2014\n\nThanks for sharing this versatile necklace! It’s so great to see so many other\npeople are into this type of creative hobby/job/interest/etc as well!! I have\njust recently started to get serious about my beading/jewellery making and as\nscary and completely exhilarating as it is – I am LOVING it!!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Peppermint Dolly July 17, 2014\n\nWonderful!!\n\nRxx\n\nhttp://www.peppermintdolly.wordpress.com\n\nReply\n\n * ##### A Beautiful Mess July 17, 2014\n\nThey are from Bonlook 🙂 – Jacki\n\nReply\n\n * ##### dija July 17, 2014\n\nThanks so much for this DIY! I love these types of necklaces but they always\nseem to be out of my budget. I’ve been interested in jewelry making lately so\nthis is perfect!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Sparkle. July 17, 2014\n\nMy mother used to make jewelry so this is something that I can relate to. I\nlove this necklace and the fact that you made it! Very pretty, love love love!\n\n-Shay http://thesparkleeffect.blogspot.com/\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Eve July 17, 2014\n\nI love that you call this an “art teacher necklace.” I am an art teacher who\ncan’t get enough statement necklaces. I think a trip to the bead store is in\nmy future. Thanks for the tips on how to make this one. Eve\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Stacia July 17, 2014\n\nMs. Frizzle! Ah! What an awesome reference to such a great character from my\nchildhood! I used to make jewelry with my mom. I should get back in to that. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Divya July 18, 2014\n\nI love making my own jewellery, I’ve been doing it for years!\n\nhttp://www.peonyandpeach.blogspot.com\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Meabh July 18, 2014\n\nI’ve just discovered jewellery making...it’s so fun! You’re so right about\nthings you see in the shops too, I would love to see more tutorials like this\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Lea July 18, 2014\n\nBeautiful! This necklace is really pretty. I’ve never made a necklace but I’d\nreally like to try it 🙂 Thanks for your tutorials, they’re very helpful!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Laurali Star July 18, 2014\n\nThis looks fun! Back in the day, I used to throw beading parties and I’ve\nalways made jeelry with my daughters. Clever post!\n\nSincerely,\n\nLaurali Star\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Renia July 18, 2014\n\nI have read your post and I am pretty astonished at your project... I really\nlike the transformation and the fact, that you have done it yourself. You have\ninspired me. BR, Renia\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Glitter Coated Lenses July 18, 2014\n\nlove the idea of wearing the necklace over a collar. This is all very j. crew\nand im not one bit upset about it 😉\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Monika Faulkner July 19, 2014\n\nI’ve made my share of jewellery too...and if it wasn’t for my newest\nhobby/obsession (my blog!) I’d probably still find the time to create a new\npiece every once in a while!! But as you said, dear Elsie, hobbies have a way\nof resurfacing; so I may yet get out my pliers and silver wire and do a little\nbeading again!!\n\nhttp://www.StyleIsMyPudding.blogspot.com\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Mikaela Fuller July 19, 2014\n\nCould you do a tutorial on how to make photo mugs?? Like the ones they sell on\nshutterfly (microwave and dishwasher safe!).\n\nReply\n\n * ##### sara July 20, 2014\n\nI really like this necklace. Granted that I don’t really wear statement\nnecklaces that much but this is one that I might try to make and wear, as long\nas I have the right outfit for it 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Style Bits & Bobs of M.E. July 28, 2014\n\nJewelry making is one of my favorite hobbies as well. The necklace is\nbeautiful!\n\nReply\n\n * ##### joan kronick June 06, 2017\n\nGetting interesting beads is not easy. I saw african beads that are most\ninteresting, but they are out of my price range. Any suggestions?\n\nReply\n\n * ##### Tseleng Sabela August 07, 2017\n\nI have so much fun making beads... I am currently working on a basotho blanket\nwith African beads.\n\nReply\n\n### Cancel reply\n\n## shop\n\nBeauty Box subscribe\n\nRose-Daisy Sunnies\n\nPlant Lady Tee\n\nDamn Fine Cup of Coffee Tee\n\nBlack Magic-Daisy Sunnies\n\nHocus Pocus Tees\n\nNatural Lipstick\n\nEssential Oils\n\nDamn Fine Coffee Mug\n\nHappy Mail by Oui Fresh subscribe\n\n## Instagram\n\n### get excited!\n\nAwesome delivered right to your inbox\n\n### More\n\n * About\n * FAQ\n\n### Categories\n\n * Food\n * Decor\n * Blogging\n * Crafts\n * Style\n\n### Picks\n\n * Round-ups\n * Wish List\n\n### Shop\n\n * Happy Mail\n * Messy Box\n * Classes\n * Actions\n\n### Archives\n\n * October 2017\n * September 2017\n * August 2017\n * July 2017\n * June 2017\n * May 2017\n * April 2017\n * March 2017\n\n * View All\n\nCopyright © A Beautiful Mess. All rights reserved A Beautiful Mess is a part\nof the Domino Collective\n\nPowered by the chloédigital\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.savvyhomemade.com/make-a-homemade-necklace-or-pendant-the-basics/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416021106/https://www.savvyhomemade.com/make-a-homemade-necklace-or-pendant-the-basics/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Make A Homemade Necklace That's Original",
"passages": [
"Let’s take a look at how to make a homemade necklace, it’s an inexpensive homemade gift compared to buying jewelry and enables you to exercise your imagination to create something truly original.",
"You can choose from a myriad of beads and pendants to create a very personal and unique piece of homemade jewelry.",
"But before you try to make one of my homemade necklaces take some time to run through the basics of how to make a necklace below and use it as a reference guide for any necklace project to take on.",
"Some jewelry findings can be quite small and it’s sometimes difficult to see how a technique has been created. For this reason, I’ve given a mixture of real photos along with some drawings to make the technique more visible.",
"Jewelry making pendants may be fixed on your threads in several ways. Many pendants have a loop at the top and some contain a hole going through them either front to back or side to side. Some even have a hole running through from top to bottom and they’re know as drops.",
"There’s a variety of ways for fixing your pendant to threads of any thickness. With large holed pendants the thread itself can be looped in such a way that the pendant hangs correctly without needing a finding.",
"On pendants with small holes or loops running from front to back, use either a jump ring or a bail and loop. The thread can pass through this, leaving the pendant hanging properly so that it rests flat upon the neck.",
"If the hole is fairly deep set or runs from side to side, 2 jump rings may be used for the pendant to hang properly.",
"To open a jump ring it’s advisable to use two pairs of jewelry pliers. Don’t attempt to open a jump ring by pulling the ends apart, because this may distort the shape and it’ll become hard to get it back into a perfect circle.",
"Hold a pair of pliers on both sides of the slit and twist the pliers slightly in opposite directions, opening up a gap.",
"If using a ‘bail and loop’ on your homemade necklace, make sure that the size of the loop is large enough for the thread. Squeeze the bail firmly shut with the prongs through each side of the hole on the pendant.",
"To hang drops you will have to create a loop for the thread to run through. To get this done you will have to make use of a headpin.",
"In the event that the opening through the drop (from top to bottom) is too big for the pinhead to hold it, you will need a cup or small bead at the bottom to prevent the pin from falling through.",
"Bend the pin immediately above the bead at a right angle then curl the top up and around its self into a loop using the round nosed pliers. Ensure there’s no gap in the loop.",
"With large holed pendants the thread itself can be looped in such a way that the pendant hangs correctly without needing a finding.",
"A crimp bead can be used to attach a finding – Often as a jump ring to the end of a length of bead stringing wire, and also to hold individual beads in position and stop them moving around.",
"Press the crimp shut using the hole close to the pliers handle. This gives your crimp a fold in the center.",
"First consider the length you would like the necklace as well as whether or not you would like the thread or wire to be covered entirely.",
"A smaller necklace or choker normally has a big bead or pendant as the center piece. A favorite style is usually to leave a percentage of the cord or leather thong on view.",
"Should you be filling the thread with beads of the same dimension you can work out the number you’ll need after you have determined the length. Use a tape-measure around your neck to get an idea, after that divide the measurement by the length of a bead (hole to hole). So, for a filled choker of 40cm you will want 50 8mm round beads.",
"Experiment with various sized jewelry making beads. Probably the most typical strategy is to use smaller beads at the back where the necklace must be comfortable to wear, and bigger beads in front, on prominent display.",
"Think about using spacer beads between bigger beads. select a color to tone or contrast, or simply neutral such as gold or silver.",
"You may knot the thread in between each and every bead. It can be quite effective to knot groups of beads along the thread.",
"For more info How To String A Necklace With Thread is an ideal project to familiarize yourself with traditional stringing using a needle and thread.",
"Based on the thread you’ve selected (see our which jewelry making thread guide) and on individual taste there are many ways to complete your homemade necklace.",
"Points to consider will be the thickness of the thread, the length of the actual item you’re making as well as the ease with which you’ll want to put on and take off your jewelry.",
"Waxed thread is a great combination with a clasp with loops, a bolt and ring or trigger clasp are amongst the most widely used. A calotte is then used to attach the thread to the clasp. The calotte covers unsightly knots and incorporates a loop onto which you may attach your clasp. To give your knot some extra body simply pass the end of the thread back through the knot another time.",
"Lay the knot inside the hollow of the calotte and squeeze it tightly closed. Trim the loose strands that stick out at the very top. Open the loop on the calotte and fix it to the clasp.",
"Beading wire can be unhappy when knotted. Use a small crimp, squeezed firmly with the half-round/flat nosed pliers. A crimp cover will improve the finish (see using a crimp bead above).",
"A leather cord necklace can be finished in many ways. Leather crimps combined with a hook are the most typical. There’s two basic kinds of leather crimp, round and flat.",
"For round crimps ensure a tight fit, double the cord if needed. Grip the end coil and squeeze gently but firmly with the half-round/flat- nosed pliers until the spring has tightened on the cord and is secure. It can help if you keep the end of the spring facing you. Squeeze the end coil only.",
"For flat crimps fold the end of the cord double if it won’t fit comfortably and place it inside the crimp. Fold each side down in turn and squeeze tight with the half-round/ flat nosed pliers.",
"Add a hook to one crimp loop and a jump ring (split ring) to the other. A clasp can be substituted for the hook.",
"You might prefer to join the ends with a simple knot, a hook can be knotted to one side of the cord, catching on to a knotted loop or jump ring on the other.",
"A leather or cotton thong necklace can be finished using simple slip knots, enabling the necklace to be worn at various lengths.",
"With the necklace laying flat curve the length of leather on the right over to the left then curve the leather on the left on top of it and over to the right.",
"Take the end of the leather that’s been curved to the right and pass it over then under the other piece of leather, loop it around and over itself then back through the loop you have just created.",
"Hi, I’m Angela, I make most of the homemade things here at Savvy Homemade. I'm an experienced soap maker, skincare formulator, author, busy Mom of 3, and recently a Grandma! \"Every day I share my experience while crafting something new, it’s fantastic\".",
"My favorite pearl necklace came un-threaded the other day, and I am looking to find a way to repair it. It is good to know that one should first, consider the length you would like the necklace. I also like what was mentioned about deciding whether or not you would like the thread or wire to be covered entirely. I will have to think about this before re-threading my pearls, thanks.",
"This website is designed for educational & entertainment purposes only. Use of this website constitutes your acceptance of our Terms Of Service, Privacy Policy, Disclaimer, Affiliate Disclosure & Comment Policy Copyright © 2008–2020 Angela Wills Savvyhomemade.com · All Rights Reserved · Content must not be reproduced in any format."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Make A Homemade Necklace That's Original - Savvy Homemade\n\nSkip to content\n\nMenu\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest\n\nInstagram\n\nYoutube\n\nTwitter\n\n# How To Make A Homemade Necklace That’s Truly Original\n\n * Posted: October 10, 2015\n * By Angela Wills\n * Updated: March 3, 2021\n * By 2 Comments\n\n * Updated: March 3, 2021\n * \\- By Angela Wills\n\n##### Table Of Contents\n\nSavvyHomemade.com is reader-supported. If you buy via links here, I may earn\nan affiliate commission, learn more here.\n\nLet’s take a look at how to make a homemade necklace, it’s an inexpensive\nhomemade gift compared to buying jewelry and enables you to exercise your\nimagination to create something truly original.\n\nYou can choose from a myriad of beads and pendants to create a very personal\nand unique piece of homemade jewelry.\n\nBut before you try to make one of my homemade necklaces take some time to run\nthrough the basics of how to make a necklace below and use it as a reference\nguide for any necklace project to take on.\n\nSome jewelry findings can be quite small and it’s sometimes difficult to see\nhow a technique has been created. For this reason, I’ve given a mixture of\nreal photos along with some drawings to make the technique more visible.\n\n### Hanging a Pendant\n\nHanging a Pendant\n\nJewelry making pendants may be fixed on your threads in several ways. Many\npendants have a loop at the top and some contain a hole going through them\neither front to back or side to side. Some even have a hole running through\nfrom top to bottom and they’re know as drops.\n\nThere’s a variety of ways for fixing your pendant to threads of any thickness.\nWith large holed pendants the thread itself can be looped in such a way that\nthe pendant hangs correctly without needing a finding.\n\nOn pendants with small holes or loops running from front to back, use either a\njump ring or a bail and loop. The thread can pass through this, leaving the\npendant hanging properly so that it rests flat upon the neck.\n\n### Using Jump Rings\n\nUsing Jump Rings\n\nIf the hole is fairly deep set or runs from side to side, 2 jump rings may be\nused for the pendant to hang properly.\n\n#### Use This Method To Open And Close Jump Rings\n\nTo open a jump ring it’s advisable to use two pairs of jewelry pliers. Don’t\nattempt to open a jump ring by pulling the ends apart, because this may\ndistort the shape and it’ll become hard to get it back into a perfect circle.\n\n 1. Hold a pair of pliers on both sides of the slit and twist the pliers slightly in opposite directions, opening up a gap.\n 2. To close the ring, repeat the twisting motion in reverse to get the ends back together again.\n\nOpening a Jump RingClosing a Jump RingClosed Jump Ring\n\n### Bail and Loop\n\nIf using a ‘bail and loop’ on your homemade necklace, make sure that the size\nof the loop is large enough for the thread. Squeeze the bail firmly shut with\nthe prongs through each side of the hole on the pendant.\n\nA Bail and Loop Finding\n\n### Hanging Drops\n\nTo hang drops you will have to create a loop for the thread to run through. To\nget this done you will have to make use of a headpin.\n\nIn the event that the opening through the drop (from top to bottom) is too big\nfor the pinhead to hold it, you will need a cup or small bead at the bottom to\nprevent the pin from falling through.\n\n 1. Position the cup or bead at the bottom of the pinhead and add the drop.\n 2. Using your wire cutters, cut a generous 1⁄2 inch above the top of the drop.\n 3. Bend the pin immediately above the bead at a right angle then curl the top up and around its self into a loop using the round nosed pliers. Ensure there’s no gap in the loop.\n\nWith large holed pendants the thread itself can be looped in such a way that\nthe pendant hangs correctly without needing a finding.\n\n### Using A Crimp Bead\n\nA crimp bead can be used to attach a finding – Often as a jump ring to the end\nof a length of bead stringing wire, and also to hold individual beads in\nposition and stop them moving around.\n\n 1. Thread the crimp to the beading wire.\n 2. Press the crimp shut using the hole close to the pliers handle. This gives your crimp a fold in the center.\n 3. Now flatten the crimp with the hole closest to the pliers tip for a neat finish.\n 4. Add your bead and then a crimp again on the other side to hold it in place.\n\nUsing A Crimp Bead\n\n### Featuring Beads On Your Homemade Necklace\n\n * First consider the length you would like the necklace as well as whether or not you would like the thread or wire to be covered entirely.\n * A smaller necklace or choker normally has a big bead or pendant as the center piece. A favorite style is usually to leave a percentage of the cord or leather thong on view.\n * Should you be filling the thread with beads of the same dimension you can work out the number you’ll need after you have determined the length. Use a tape-measure around your neck to get an idea, after that divide the measurement by the length of a bead (hole to hole). So, for a filled choker of 40cm you will want 50 8mm round beads.\n * Check out this info on the many different jewelry making threads and wires\n * Experiment with various sized jewelry making beads. Probably the most typical strategy is to use smaller beads at the back where the necklace must be comfortable to wear, and bigger beads in front, on prominent display.\n\nThink about using spacer beads between bigger beads. select a color to tone or\ncontrast, or simply neutral such as gold or silver.\n\nUsing spacer beads between bigger beads\n\nYou may knot the thread in between each and every bead. It can be quite\neffective to knot groups of beads along the thread.\n\nKnot the thread in between each and every bead\n\nFor more info How To String A Necklace With Thread is an ideal project to\nfamiliarize yourself with traditional stringing using a needle and thread.\n\n### Finishing Your Homemade Necklace\n\nBased on the thread you’ve selected (see our which jewelry making thread\nguide) and on individual taste there are many ways to complete your homemade\nnecklace.\n\nPoints to consider will be the thickness of the thread, the length of the\nactual item you’re making as well as the ease with which you’ll want to put on\nand take off your jewelry.\n\n#### Waxed Thread\n\nWaxed thread is a great combination with a clasp with loops, a bolt and ring\nor trigger clasp are amongst the most widely used. A calotte is then used to\nattach the thread to the clasp. The calotte covers unsightly knots and\nincorporates a loop onto which you may attach your clasp. To give your knot\nsome extra body simply pass the end of the thread back through the knot\nanother time.\n\nLay the knot inside the hollow of the calotte and squeeze it tightly closed.\nTrim the loose strands that stick out at the very top. Open the loop on the\ncalotte and fix it to the clasp.\n\nUsing a Crimp Calotte on Waxed Thread\n\n#### Beading Wire\n\nBeading wire can be unhappy when knotted. Use a small crimp, squeezed firmly\nwith the half-round/flat nosed pliers. A crimp cover will improve the finish\n(see using a crimp bead above).\n\nSmall Crimp Bead on Beading Wire\n\n#### Leather or Cotton Thong\n\nA leather cord necklace can be finished in many ways. Leather crimps combined\nwith a hook are the most typical. There’s two basic kinds of leather crimp,\nround and flat.\n\nFor round crimps ensure a tight fit, double the cord if needed. Grip the end\ncoil and squeeze gently but firmly with the half-round/flat- nosed pliers\nuntil the spring has tightened on the cord and is secure. It can help if you\nkeep the end of the spring facing you. Squeeze the end coil only.\n\nAttach a hook to one loop. This will attach to the loop on the opposite crimp.\n\nRound Leather Crimps\n\nFor flat crimps fold the end of the cord double if it won’t fit comfortably\nand place it inside the crimp. Fold each side down in turn and squeeze tight\nwith the half-round/ flat nosed pliers.\n\nFlat Leather Crimps\n\nAdd a hook to one crimp loop and a jump ring (split ring) to the other. A\nclasp can be substituted for the hook.\n\nYou might prefer to join the ends with a simple knot, a hook can be knotted to\none side of the cord, catching on to a knotted loop or jump ring on the other.\n\nJoin the Ends with a Simple Knot\n\n### Tying a slip knot\n\nA leather or cotton thong necklace can be finished using simple slip knots,\nenabling the necklace to be worn at various lengths.\n\n 1. With the necklace laying flat curve the length of leather on the right over to the left then curve the leather on the left on top of it and over to the right.\n 2. Take the end of the leather that’s been curved to the right and pass it over then under the other piece of leather, loop it around and over itself then back through the loop you have just created.\n 3. Pull the leather on both sides of the knot to tighten.\n 4. Repeat the process on the other side.\n\n### The Next Step\n\nLet’s take a look at how to make this silver pendant necklace\n\nHow to Make A Silver Pendant Necklace\n\nHow To Make These Lovely DIY Diamond Earrings\n\nDIY Multi Strand Bracelets For Cool, Stylish Looks\n\nQuick Memory Wire Bracelets DIY To Spice Up Your Wardrobe\n\nShare on facebook\n\nFacebook\n\nShare on twitter\n\nTwitter\n\nShare on linkedin\n\nLinkedIn\n\nShare on pinterest\n\nPinterest\n\nShare on reddit\n\nReddit\n\n##### Angela Wills\n\nHi, I’m Angela, I make most of the homemade things here at Savvy Homemade. I'm\nan experienced soap maker, skincare formulator, author, busy Mom of 3, and\nrecently a Grandma! \"Every day I share my experience while crafting something\nnew, it’s fantastic\".\n\n### 2 thoughts on “How To Make A Homemade Necklace That’s Truly Original”\n\n### Discussion (2 Comments)\n\n 1. Lauren Jones\n\nJuly 27, 2017 at 6:03 PM\n\nMy favorite pearl necklace came un-threaded the other day, and I am looking to\nfind a way to repair it. It is good to know that one should first, consider\nthe length you would like the necklace. I also like what was mentioned about\ndeciding whether or not you would like the thread or wire to be covered\nentirely. I will have to think about this before re-threading my pearls,\nthanks.\n\nReply\n\n 2. vidya\n\nFebruary 24, 2017 at 12:26 PM\n\nSuch a nice necklace. Will give it a try.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nLet's Be Friends\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest\n\nInstagram\n\nYoutube\n\nTwitter\n\nLinkedin\n\nMenu\n\nThis website is designed for educational & entertainment purposes only. Use of\nthis website constitutes your acceptance of our Terms Of Service, Privacy\nPolicy, Disclaimer, Affiliate Disclosure & Comment Policy Copyright ©\n2008–2020 Angela Wills Savvyhomemade.com · All Rights Reserved · Content must\nnot be reproduced in any format.\n\n#### 2 Free Ebooks For You!\n\nDownload Soap Made Easy & 3 DIY Steps To Perfect Skin. & Join 10,000\nSubscribers to SavvyHomemade.\n\n## 2 Free Ebooks For You!\n\nDownload Soap Made Easy & 3 DIY Steps To Perfect Skin. & Join 10,000\nSubscribers who receive our latest posts via email.\n\n"
}
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4,391,772 | How To Calculate Standard Error | To calculate standard error, start by calculating the sample mean, which is the average of your sample values. Then, subtract the sample mean from each measurement, and square each result. Next, find the average of all the squared numbers, and divide that number by the total number of measurements minus 1 to find the quadratic deviation. Finally, use the quadratic deviation to find the standard deviation, and then plug that into the formula for standard error. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200913085832/https://mathworld.wolfram.com/StandardError.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190913123801/http://www-ist.massey.ac.nz:80/dstirlin/CAST/CAST/HseMean/seMean7.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200919161941/https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/math/statistics_and_probability/averages",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201125220111/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1255808/"
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"original_url": "https://mathworld.wolfram.com/StandardError.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200913085832/https://mathworld.wolfram.com/StandardError.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Standard Error -- from Wolfram MathWorld",
"passages": [
"The standard error of a sample of sample size is the sample's standard deviation divided by . It therefore estimates the standard deviation of the sample mean based on the population mean (Press et al. 1992, p. 465). Note that while this definition makes no reference to a normal distribution, many uses of this quantity implicitly assume such a distribution.",
"The standard error of an estimate may also be defined as the square root of the estimated error variance of the quantity,",
"Collection of teaching and learning tools built by Wolfram education experts: dynamic textbook, lesson plans, widgets, interactive Demonstrations, and more."
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"parsed_md": "Standard Error -- from Wolfram MathWorld\n\nAlgebra\n\nApplied Mathematics\n\nCalculus and Analysis\n\nDiscrete Mathematics\n\nFoundations of Mathematics\n\nGeometry\n\nHistory and Terminology\n\nNumber Theory\n\nProbability and Statistics\n\nRecreational Mathematics\n\nTopology\n\nAlphabetical Index Interactive Entries Random Entry New in MathWorld\n\nMathWorld Classroom\n\nAbout MathWorld Contribute to MathWorld Send a Message to the Team\n\nMathWorld Book\n\nWolfram Web Resources »\n\n13,697 entries Last updated: Thu Sep 10 2020\n\nCreated, developed, and nurtured by Eric Weisstein at Wolfram Research\n\n|\n\nProbability and Statistics > Moments >\n\nInteractive Entries > Interactive Demonstrations >\n\n# Standard Error\n\nThere appear to be two different definitions of the standard error.\n\nThe standard error of a sample of sample size is the sample's standard\ndeviation divided by . It therefore estimates the standard deviation of the\nsample mean based on the population mean (Press et al. 1992, p. 465). Note\nthat while this definition makes no reference to a normal distribution, many\nuses of this quantity implicitly assume such a distribution.\n\nThe standard error of an estimate may also be defined as the square root of\nthe estimated error variance of the quantity,\n\n(Kenney and Keeping 1951, p. 187; Zwillinger 1995, p. 626).\n\nSEE ALSO: Estimator, Population Mean, Probable Error, Sample Mean, Standard\nDeviation, Variance\n\nREFERENCES:\n\nKenney, J. F. and Keeping, E. S. Mathematics of Statistics, Pt. 1, 3rd ed.\nPrinceton, NJ: Van Nostrand, 1962.\n\nKenney, J. F. and Keeping, E. S. \"Standard Error of the Mean.\" §6.5 in\nMathematics of Statistics, Pt. 2, 2nd ed. Princeton, NJ: Van Nostrand, pp. 110\nand 132-133, 1951.\n\nPress, W. H.; Flannery, B. P.; Teukolsky, S. A.; and Vetterling, W. T.\nNumerical Recipes in FORTRAN: The Art of Scientific Computing, 2nd ed.\nCambridge, England: Cambridge University Press, 1992.\n\nZwillinger, D. (Ed.). CRC Standard Mathematical Tables and Formulae. Boca\nRaton, FL: CRC Press, 1995.\n\nReferenced on Wolfram|Alpha: Standard Error\n\nCITE THIS AS:\n\nWeisstein, Eric W. \"Standard Error.\" From MathWorld--A Wolfram Web Resource.\nhttps://mathworld.wolfram.com/StandardError.html\n\n# Wolfram Web Resources\n\n|\n\nMathematica »\n\nThe #1 tool for creating Demonstrations and anything technical.\n\n|\n\nWolfram|Alpha »\n\nExplore anything with the first computational knowledge engine.\n\n|\n\nWolfram Demonstrations Project »\n\nExplore thousands of free applications across science, mathematics,\nengineering, technology, business, art, finance, social sciences, and more. \n \n---|---|--- \n \nComputerbasedmath.org »\n\nJoin the initiative for modernizing math education.\n\n|\n\nOnline Integral Calculator »\n\nSolve integrals with Wolfram|Alpha.\n\n|\n\nStep-by-step Solutions »\n\nWalk through homework problems step-by-step from beginning to end. Hints help\nyou try the next step on your own. \n \nWolfram Problem Generator »\n\nUnlimited random practice problems and answers with built-in Step-by-step\nsolutions. Practice online or make a printable study sheet.\n\n|\n\nWolfram Education Portal »\n\nCollection of teaching and learning tools built by Wolfram education experts:\ndynamic textbook, lesson plans, widgets, interactive Demonstrations, and more.\n\n|\n\nWolfram Language »\n\nKnowledge-based programming for everyone. \n \nContact the MathWorld Team| © 1999-2020 Wolfram Research, Inc. | Terms of Use \n---|--- \n \nTHINGS TO TRY:\n\nstandard error of 8.04, 8.10, 8.06, 8.12\n\nstandard error for {15, 31, 25, 22, 22, 19, 17, 28, 24, 5, 22, 24, 22, 20, 26,\n21}\n\n1275 to Greek numerals\n\n|\n\nComparing Standard Errors of the Means \n \n--- \n \nComparing Standard Error of the Means\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www-ist.massey.ac.nz:80/dstirlin/CAST/CAST/HseMean/seMean7.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190913123801/http://www-ist.massey.ac.nz:80/dstirlin/CAST/CAST/HseMean/seMean7.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Standard error vs standard deviation",
"passages": [
"When dealing with numerical data sets, many people get confused between the standard deviation of the sample and the standard error of the sample mean. We want to stress the difference between these.",
"This describes the spread of values in the sample. The sample standard deviation, s, is a random quantity -- it varies from sample to sample -- but it stays the same on average when the sample size increases.\nStandard error of the mean (SE)",
"This is the standard deviation of the sample mean, , and describes its accuracy as an estimate of the population mean, . When the sample size increases, the estimator is based on more information and becomes more accurate, so its standard error decreases.\nNot only is this true for sample means, but more generally...",
"A new value has about 95% probability of being within 2 standard deviations of sample mean.\nStandard deviation does not describe the accuracy of the sample mean",
"The sample mean has about 95% probability of being within 2 standard errors of the population mean.\nBe careful that you do not confuse the two terms (or misinterpret the values).",
"To illustrate the distinction between the standard deviation and standard error, the diagram below shows a normal population with mean = 1000 and standard deviation = 200.",
"Use the slider to adjust the sample size. Note that the standard error decreases when the sample size gets bigger even though the population standard deviation stays the same.",
"Click Take Sample a few times and observe that the sample standard deviation varies from sample to sample but usually has a value close to the population standard deviation, = 200.",
"Observe also that the standard error (estimated using the sample standard deviation, s) is much lower than the standard deviation.",
"Use the pop-up menu to increase the sample size. Observe that the sample standard deviation remains around = 200 but the standard error decreases.",
"Be particularly careful when reading journal articles. Some papers use standard deviations (SD) are used to describe the distribution of variables, but others give the standard errors (SE) of the means of the variables.",
"When tables of variables are shown in journal papers, check whether the tables show mean ± SD or mean ± SE."
]
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"parsed_md": "Standard error vs standard deviation\n\nDifference between standard error and standard deviation\n\nWhen dealing with numerical data sets, many people get confused between the\nstandard deviation of the sample and the standard error of the sample mean. We\nwant to stress the difference between these.\n\nStandard deviation (SD)\n\n This describes the spread of values in the sample. The sample standard deviation, s, is a random quantity -- it varies from sample to sample -- but it stays the same on average when the sample size increases.\nStandard error of the mean (SE)\n\n This is the standard deviation of the sample mean, , and describes its accuracy as an estimate of the population mean, . When the sample size increases, the estimator is based on more information and becomes more accurate, so its standard error decreases.\n\nNot only is this true for sample means, but more generally...\n\nThe standard error of all common estimators decreases as the sample size, n,\nincreases. \n--- \n \nCommon mistakes in interpretation\n\nStudents often use the standard error when they should use the standard\ndeviation, and vice versa.\n\nStandard error does not describe the variability of individual values\n\n A new value has about 95% probability of being within 2 standard deviations of sample mean.\nStandard deviation does not describe the accuracy of the sample mean\n\n The sample mean has about 95% probability of being within 2 standard errors of the population mean.\nBe careful that you do not confuse the two terms (or misinterpret the values). \n--- \n \nTheory (again)\n\nTo illustrate the distinction between the standard deviation and standard\nerror, the diagram below shows a normal population with mean = 1000 and\nstandard deviation = 200.\n\nUse the slider to adjust the sample size. Note that the standard error\ndecreases when the sample size gets bigger even though the population standard\ndeviation stays the same.\n\nFrom data (simulation)\n\nThe next diagram takes random samples of values from the above population.\n\nClick Take Sample a few times and observe that the sample standard deviation\nvaries from sample to sample but usually has a value close to the population\nstandard deviation, = 200.\n\nObserve also that the standard error (estimated using the sample standard\ndeviation, s) is much lower than the standard deviation.\n\nUse the pop-up menu to increase the sample size. Observe that the sample\nstandard deviation remains around = 200 but the standard error decreases.\n\nWarning\n\nBe particularly careful when reading journal articles. Some papers use\nstandard deviations (SD) are used to describe the distribution of variables,\nbut others give the standard errors (SE) of the means of the variables.\n\nWhen tables of variables are shown in journal papers, check whether the tables\nshow mean ± SD or mean ± SE. \n---\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/math/statistics_and_probability/averages",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200919161941/https://www.wyzant.com/resources/lessons/math/statistics_and_probability/averages",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Statistical Averages - Mean, Mode, Median",
"passages": [
"In statistics, an average is defined as the number that measures the central tendency of a given set of numbers. There are a number of different averages including but not limited to: mean, median, mode and range.",
"Mean is what most people commonly refer to as an average. The mean refers to the number you obtain when you sum up a given set of numbers and then divide this sum by the total number in the set. Mean is also referred to more correctly as arithmetic mean.",
"Mean can also be found for grouped data, but before we see an example on that, let us first define frequency.",
"Frequency in statistics means the same as in everyday use of the word. The frequency an element in a set refers to how many of that element there are in the set. The frequency can be from 0 to as many as possible. If you're told that the frequency an element a is 3, that means that there are 3 as in the set.",
"The first step is to find the total number of ages, which we shall call n. Since it will be tedious to count all the ages, we can find n by adding up the frequencies:",
"Next we need to find the sum of all the ages. We can do this in two ways: we can add up each individual age, which will be a long and tedious process; or we can use the frequency to make things faster.",
"Since we know that the frequency represents how many of that particular age there are, we can just multiply each age by its frequency, and then add up all these products.",
"In the Introduction to Statistics section, we defined a population and a sample whereby a sample is a part of a population.",
"In statistics there are two kinds of means: population mean and sample mean. A population mean is the true mean of the entire population of the data set while a sample mean is the mean of a small sample of the population. These different means appear frequently in both statistics and probability and should not be confused with each other.",
"Population mean is represented by the Greek letter μ (pronounced mu) while sample mean is represented by x̄ (pronounced x bar). The total number of elements in a population is represented by N while the number of elements in a sample is represented by n. This leads to an adjustment in the formula we gave above for calculating the mean.",
"The sample mean is commonly used to estimate the population mean when the population mean is unknown. This is because they have the same expected value.",
"The median is defined as the number in the middle of a given set of numbers arranged in order of increasing magnitude. When given a set of numbers, the median is the number positioned in the exact middle of the list when you arrange the numbers from the lowest to the highest. The median is also a measure of average. In higher level statistics, median is used as a measure of dispersion. The median is important because it describes the behavior of the entire set of numbers.",
"From the definition of median, we should be able to tell that the first step is to rearrange the given set of numbers in order of increasing magnitude, i.e. from the lowest to the highest",
"As in the previous example, we start off by rearranging the data in order from the smallest to the largest.",
"We can see from the above that we end up with two numbers (4 and 5) in the middle. We can solve for the median by finding the mean of these two numbers as follows:",
"The mode is defined as the element that appears most frequently in a given set of elements. Using the definition of frequency given above, mode can also be defined as the element with the largest frequency in a given data set.",
"For a given data set, there can be more than one mode. As long as those elements all have the same frequency and that frequency is the highest, they are all the modal elements of the data set.",
"As we saw in the section on data, grouped data is divided into classes. We have defined mode as the element which has the highest frequency in a given data set. In grouped data, we can find two kinds of mode: the Modal Class, or class with the highest frequency and the mode itself, which we calculate from the modal class using the formula below.",
"Number| Frequency ---|--- 1 - 3| 7 4 - 6| 6 7 - 9| 4 10 - 12| 2 13 - 15| 2 16 - 18| 8 19 - 21| 1 22 - 24| 2 25 - 27| 3 28 - 30| 2",
"Sign up for free to access more statistics resources like . Wyzant Resources features blogs, videos, lessons, and more about statistics and over 250 other subjects. Stop struggling and start learning today with thousands of free resources!"
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"parsed_md": "Statistical Averages - Mean, Mode, Median | Wyzant Resources\n\nLog in Sign up\n\nSearch\n\nor Ask a Question\n\n# Averages\n\nIn statistics, an average is defined as the number that measures the central\ntendency of a given set of numbers. There are a number of different averages\nincluding but not limited to: mean, median, mode and range.\n\n## Mean\n\nMean is what most people commonly refer to as an average. The mean refers to\nthe number you obtain when you sum up a given set of numbers and then divide\nthis sum by the total number in the set. Mean is also referred to more\ncorrectly as arithmetic mean.\n\nGiven a set of n elements from a_1 to a_n\n\nThe mean is found by adding up all the a's and then dividing by the total\nnumber, n\n\nThis can be generalized by the formula below:\n\n## Mean Example Problems\n\nExample 1\n\nFind the mean of the set of numbers below\n\nSolution\n\nThe first step is to count how many numbers there are in the set, which we\nshall call n\n\nThe next step is to add up all the numbers in the set\n\nThe last step is to find the actual mean by dividing the sum by n\n\nMean can also be found for grouped data, but before we see an example on that,\nlet us first define frequency.\n\nFrequency in statistics means the same as in everyday use of the word. The\nfrequency an element in a set refers to how many of that element there are in\nthe set. The frequency can be from 0 to as many as possible. If you're told\nthat the frequency an element a is 3, that means that there are 3 as in the\nset.\n\nExample 2\n\nFind the mean of the set of ages in the table below\n\nAge (years)| Frequency \n---|--- \n10| 0 \n11| 8 \n12| 3 \n13| 2 \n14| 7 \n \nSolution\n\nThe first step is to find the total number of ages, which we shall call n.\nSince it will be tedious to count all the ages, we can find n by adding up the\nfrequencies:\n\nNext we need to find the sum of all the ages. We can do this in two ways: we\ncan add up each individual age, which will be a long and tedious process; or\nwe can use the frequency to make things faster.\n\nSince we know that the frequency represents how many of that particular age\nthere are, we can just multiply each age by its frequency, and then add up all\nthese products.\n\nThe last step is to find the mean by dividing the sum by n\n\n## Population Mean vs Sample Mean\n\nIn the Introduction to Statistics section, we defined a population and a\nsample whereby a sample is a part of a population.\n\nIn statistics there are two kinds of means: population mean and sample mean. A\npopulation mean is the true mean of the entire population of the data set\nwhile a sample mean is the mean of a small sample of the population. These\ndifferent means appear frequently in both statistics and probability and\nshould not be confused with each other.\n\nPopulation mean is represented by the Greek letter μ (pronounced mu) while\nsample mean is represented by x̄ (pronounced x bar). The total number of\nelements in a population is represented by N while the number of elements in a\nsample is represented by n. This leads to an adjustment in the formula we gave\nabove for calculating the mean.\n\nThe sample mean is commonly used to estimate the population mean when the\npopulation mean is unknown. This is because they have the same expected value.\n\n## Median\n\nThe median is defined as the number in the middle of a given set of numbers\narranged in order of increasing magnitude. When given a set of numbers, the\nmedian is the number positioned in the exact middle of the list when you\narrange the numbers from the lowest to the highest. The median is also a\nmeasure of average. In higher level statistics, median is used as a measure of\ndispersion. The median is important because it describes the behavior of the\nentire set of numbers.\n\nExample 3\n\nFind the median in the set of numbers given below\n\nSolution\n\nFrom the definition of median, we should be able to tell that the first step\nis to rearrange the given set of numbers in order of increasing magnitude,\ni.e. from the lowest to the highest\n\nThen we inspect the set to find that number which lies in the exact middle.\n\nLets try another example to emphasize something interesting that often occurs\nwhen solving for the median.\n\nExample 4\n\nFind the median of the given data\n\nSolution\n\nAs in the previous example, we start off by rearranging the data in order from\nthe smallest to the largest.\n\nNext we inspect the data to find the number that lies in the exact middle.\n\nWe can see from the above that we end up with two numbers (4 and 5) in the\nmiddle. We can solve for the median by finding the mean of these two numbers\nas follows:\n\n## Mode\n\nThe mode is defined as the element that appears most frequently in a given set\nof elements. Using the definition of frequency given above, mode can also be\ndefined as the element with the largest frequency in a given data set.\n\nFor a given data set, there can be more than one mode. As long as those\nelements all have the same frequency and that frequency is the highest, they\nare all the modal elements of the data set.\n\nExample 5\n\nFind the Mode of the following data set.\n\nSolution\n\nMode = 3 and 15\n\n### Mode for Grouped Data\n\nAs we saw in the section on data, grouped data is divided into classes. We\nhave defined mode as the element which has the highest frequency in a given\ndata set. In grouped data, we can find two kinds of mode: the Modal Class, or\nclass with the highest frequency and the mode itself, which we calculate from\nthe modal class using the formula below.\n\nwhere\n\n * L is the lower class limit of the modal class\n * f_1 is the frequency of the modal class\n * f_0 is the frequency of the class before the modal class in the frequency table\n * f_2 is the frequency of the class after the modal class in the frequency table\n * h is the class interval of the modal class\n\nExample 6\n\nFind the modal class and the actual mode of the data set below\n\nNumber| Frequency \n---|--- \n1 - 3| 7 \n4 - 6| 6 \n7 - 9| 4 \n10 - 12| 2 \n13 - 15| 2 \n16 - 18| 8 \n19 - 21| 1 \n22 - 24| 2 \n25 - 27| 3 \n28 - 30| 2 \n \nSolution\n\nModal class = 10 - 12\n\nwhere\n\n * L = 10\n * f_1 = 9\n * f_0 = 4\n * f_2 = 2\n * h = 3\n\ntherefore,\n\nSolving the above using the order of operations:\n\n## Range\n\nThe range is defined as the difference between the highest and lowest number\nin a given data set.\n\nExample 7\n\nFind the range of the data set below\n\nSolution\n\nSign up for free to access more statistics resources like . Wyzant Resources\nfeatures blogs, videos, lessons, and more about statistics and over 250 other\nsubjects. Stop struggling and start learning today with thousands of free\nresources!\n\nNext (Assumed Mean) >>\n\nStatisticsProbabilityAveragesAverage\n\nMark favorite\n\n#### Related Answers\n\n#### Related Blogs\n\n#### Related Lessons\n\n##### Download our free app\n\nGoogle Play App Store\n\n##### GET TO KNOW US\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * FAQ\n * Reviews\n * Safety\n * Security\n * In the News\n\n##### LEARN WITH US\n\n * Find a Tutor\n * Request a Tutor\n * Online Tutoring\n * Get Math Help\n * Learning Resources\n * Blog\n\n##### WORK WITH US\n\n * Wyzant for Higher Ed\n * Careers at Wyzant\n * Apply to Tutor\n * Tutor Job Board\n * Affiliates\n\n##### DOWNLOAD OUR FREE APP\n\nGoogle Play App Store\n\n##### LET’S KEEP IN TOUCH\n\n##### FEELING A LITTLE LOST?\n\nStart here or give us a call: (312) 646-6365\n\n##### BEST IN BUSINESS SINCE 2005\n\n##### Tutors by Subject\n\n * Algebra Tutors\n * Calculus Tutors\n * Chemistry Tutors\n * Computer tutors\n * Elementary Tutors\n * English Tutors\n\n * Geometry Tutors\n * Language Tutors\n * Math Tutors\n * Music Lessons\n * Physics Tutors\n * Reading Tutors\n\n * SAT Tutors\n * Science Tutors\n * Spanish Tutors\n * Statistics Tutors\n * Test Prep Tutors\n * Writing Tutors\n\n##### Tutors by Location\n\n * Atlanta Tutors\n * Boston Tutors\n * Brooklyn Tutors\n * Chicago Tutors\n * Dallas Tutors\n * Denver Tutors\n\n * Detroit Tutors\n * Houston Tutors\n * Los Angeles Tutors\n * Miami Tutors\n * New York City Tutors\n * Orange County Tutors\n\n * Philadelphia Tutors\n * Phoenix Tutors\n * San Francisco Tutors\n * Seattle Tutors\n * San Diego Tutors\n * Washington, DC Tutors\n\nSitemap Terms of Use Privacy Policy\n\n© 2005 - 2020 Wyzant, Inc. - All Rights Reserved\n\nif (isMyPost) { }\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1255808/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201125220111/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1255808/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Statistics Notes: Standard deviations and standard errors",
"passages": [
"The terms “standard error” and “standard deviation” are often confused.^1 The contrast between these two terms reflects the important distinction between data description and inference, one that all researchers should appreciate.",
"The standard deviation (often SD) is a measure of variability. When we calculate the standard deviation of a sample, we are using it as an estimate of the variability of the population from which the sample was drawn. For data with a normal distribution,^2 about 95% of individuals will have values within 2 standard deviations of the mean, the other 5% being equally scattered above and below these limits. Contrary to popular misconception, the standard deviation is a valid measure of variability regardless of the distribution. About 95% of observations of any distribution usually fall within the 2 standard deviation limits, though those outside may all be at one end. We may choose a different summary statistic, however, when data have a skewed distribution.^3",
"When we calculate the sample mean we are usually interested not in the mean of this particular sample, but in the mean for individuals of this type—in statistical terms, of the population from which the sample comes. We usually collect data in order to generalise from them and so use the sample mean as an estimate of the mean for the whole population. Now the sample mean will vary from sample to sample; the way this variation occurs is described by the “sampling distribution” of the mean. We can estimate how much sample means will vary from the standard deviation of this sampling distribution, which we call the standard error (SE) of the estimate of the mean. As the standard error is a type of standard deviation, confusion is understandable. Another way of considering the standard error is as a measure of the precision of the sample mean.",
"The standard error of the sample mean depends on both the standard deviation and the sample size, by the simple relation SE = SD/√(sample size). The standard error falls as the sample size increases, as the extent of chance variation is reduced—this idea underlies the sample size calculation for a controlled trial, for example. By contrast the standard deviation will not tend to change as we increase the size of our sample.",
"So, if we want to say how widely scattered some measurements are, we use the standard deviation. If we want to indicate the uncertainty around the estimate of the mean measurement, we quote the standard error of the mean. The standard error is most useful as a means of calculating a confidence interval. For a large sample, a 95% confidence interval is obtained as the values 1.96×SE either side of the mean. We will discuss confidence intervals in more detail in a subsequent Statistics Note. The standard error is also used to calculate P values in many circumstances.",
"The principle of a sampling distribution applies to other quantities that we may estimate from a sample, such as a proportion or regression coefficient, and to contrasts between two samples, such as a risk ratio or the difference between two means or proportions. All such quantities have uncertainty due to sampling variation, and for all such estimates a standard error can be calculated to indicate the degree of uncertainty.",
"In many publications a ± sign is used to join the standard deviation (SD) or standard error (SE) to an observed mean—for example, 69.4±9.3 kg. That notation gives no indication whether the second figure is the standard deviation or the standard error (or indeed something else). A review of 88 articles published in 2002 found that 12 (14%) failed to identify which measure of dispersion was reported (and three failed to report any measure of variability).^4 The policy of the BMJ and many other journals is to remove ± signs and request authors to indicate clearly whether the standard deviation or standard error is being quoted. All journals should follow this practice.",
"1. Nagele P. Misuse of standard error of the mean (SEM) when reporting variability of a sample. A critical evaluation of four anaesthesia journals. Br J Anaesthesiol 2003;90: 514-6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"3. Altman DG, Bland JM. Quartiles, quintiles, centiles, and other quantiles. BMJ 1994;309: 996. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"4. Olsen CH. Review of the use of statistics in Infection and Immunity. Infect Immun 2003;71: 6689-92. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Statistics Notes: Standard deviations and standard errors\n\n * NCBI\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to navigation\n * Resources\n * How To\n * About NCBI Accesskeys\n\nMy NCBISign in to NCBISign Out\n\n# PMC\n\nUS National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health\n\n * Advanced\n * Journal list\n * Help\n\n * Journal List\n * BMJ\n * v.331(7521); 2005 Oct 15\n * PMC1255808\n\nBMJ. 2005 Oct 15; 331(7521): 903.\n\ndoi: 10.1136/bmj.331.7521.903\n\nPMCID: PMC1255808\n\nPMID: 16223828\n\n###### Statistics Notes\n\n# Standard deviations and standard errors\n\nDouglas G Altman, professor of statistics in medicine^1 and J Martin Bland,\nprofessor of health statistics^2\n\n### Douglas G Altman\n\n^1 Cancer Research UK/NHS Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Wolfson College,\nOxford OX2 6UD\n\nFind articles by Douglas G Altman\n\n### J Martin Bland\n\n^2 Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York YO10 5DD\n\nFind articles by J Martin Bland\n\nAuthor information Copyright and License information Disclaimer\n\n^1 Cancer Research UK/NHS Centre for Statistics in Medicine, Wolfson College,\nOxford OX2 6UD\n\n^2 Department of Health Sciences, University of York, York YO10 5DD\n\nCorrespondence to: Prof Altman ku.gro.recnac@namtla.guod\n\nCopyright © 2005, BMJ Publishing Group Ltd.\n\nThis article has been cited by other articles in PMC.\n\nThe terms “standard error” and “standard deviation” are often confused.^1 The\ncontrast between these two terms reflects the important distinction between\ndata description and inference, one that all researchers should appreciate.\n\nThe standard deviation (often SD) is a measure of variability. When we\ncalculate the standard deviation of a sample, we are using it as an estimate\nof the variability of the population from which the sample was drawn. For data\nwith a normal distribution,^2 about 95% of individuals will have values within\n2 standard deviations of the mean, the other 5% being equally scattered above\nand below these limits. Contrary to popular misconception, the standard\ndeviation is a valid measure of variability regardless of the distribution.\nAbout 95% of observations of any distribution usually fall within the 2\nstandard deviation limits, though those outside may all be at one end. We may\nchoose a different summary statistic, however, when data have a skewed\ndistribution.^3\n\nWhen we calculate the sample mean we are usually interested not in the mean of\nthis particular sample, but in the mean for individuals of this type—in\nstatistical terms, of the population from which the sample comes. We usually\ncollect data in order to generalise from them and so use the sample mean as an\nestimate of the mean for the whole population. Now the sample mean will vary\nfrom sample to sample; the way this variation occurs is described by the\n“sampling distribution” of the mean. We can estimate how much sample means\nwill vary from the standard deviation of this sampling distribution, which we\ncall the standard error (SE) of the estimate of the mean. As the standard\nerror is a type of standard deviation, confusion is understandable. Another\nway of considering the standard error is as a measure of the precision of the\nsample mean.\n\nThe standard error of the sample mean depends on both the standard deviation\nand the sample size, by the simple relation SE = SD/√(sample size). The\nstandard error falls as the sample size increases, as the extent of chance\nvariation is reduced—this idea underlies the sample size calculation for a\ncontrolled trial, for example. By contrast the standard deviation will not\ntend to change as we increase the size of our sample.\n\nSo, if we want to say how widely scattered some measurements are, we use the\nstandard deviation. If we want to indicate the uncertainty around the estimate\nof the mean measurement, we quote the standard error of the mean. The standard\nerror is most useful as a means of calculating a confidence interval. For a\nlarge sample, a 95% confidence interval is obtained as the values 1.96×SE\neither side of the mean. We will discuss confidence intervals in more detail\nin a subsequent Statistics Note. The standard error is also used to calculate\nP values in many circumstances.\n\nThe principle of a sampling distribution applies to other quantities that we\nmay estimate from a sample, such as a proportion or regression coefficient,\nand to contrasts between two samples, such as a risk ratio or the difference\nbetween two means or proportions. All such quantities have uncertainty due to\nsampling variation, and for all such estimates a standard error can be\ncalculated to indicate the degree of uncertainty.\n\nIn many publications a ± sign is used to join the standard deviation (SD) or\nstandard error (SE) to an observed mean—for example, 69.4±9.3 kg. That\nnotation gives no indication whether the second figure is the standard\ndeviation or the standard error (or indeed something else). A review of 88\narticles published in 2002 found that 12 (14%) failed to identify which\nmeasure of dispersion was reported (and three failed to report any measure of\nvariability).^4 The policy of the BMJ and many other journals is to remove ±\nsigns and request authors to indicate clearly whether the standard deviation\nor standard error is being quoted. All journals should follow this practice.\n\n## Notes\n\nCompeting interests: None declared.\n\n## References\n\n1\\. Nagele P. Misuse of standard error of the mean (SEM) when reporting\nvariability of a sample. A critical evaluation of four anaesthesia journals.\nBr J Anaesthesiol 2003;90: 514-6. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n2\\. Altman DG, Bland JM. The normal distribution. BMJ 1995;310: 298. [PMC free\narticle] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n3\\. Altman DG, Bland JM. Quartiles, quintiles, centiles, and other quantiles.\nBMJ 1994;309: 996. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n4\\. Olsen CH. Review of the use of statistics in Infection and Immunity.\nInfect Immun 2003;71: 6689-92. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\nArticles from The BMJ are provided here courtesy of BMJ Publishing Group\n\n## Formats:\n\n * Article\n\n|\n\n * PubReader\n\n|\n\n * ePub (beta)\n\n|\n\n * PDF (46K)\n\n|\n\n * Citation\n\n## Share\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n\nSupport Center Support Center\n\nExternal link. Please review our privacy policy.\n\nNLM\n\nNIH\n\nDHHS\n\nUSA.gov\n\nNational Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of\nMedicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA\n\nPolicies and Guidelines | Contact\n\n"
}
] |
718,751 | How To Treat a Caterpillar Sting | To treat a caterpillar sting, start by placing some scotch or duct tape over the site of the sting. Then remove it quickly, so it pulls any remaining spines out of your skin. Once it seems like most of the spines are gone, wash your hands using soap and warm water. If you notice symptoms like itchiness or discomfort, mix together 1 tablespoon of baking soda and 1-2 tablespoons of warm water, then apply the paste to your skin every couple of hours. If this doesn't work, try using a hydrocortisone or antihistamine cream on your sting, or contact your doctor for more help. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200415035433/https://www.poison.org/articles/2014-jun/caterpillar-stings",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200128084006/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/772949-overview",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928042700/https://healthyhorns.utexas.edu/HT/HT_insectbites.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190627223959/http://www.poisoncentertampa.org:80/poison-topics/venomous-critters/caterpillars/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190630072544/http://www.austin.org.au:80/page/534",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190407215950/https://nt.gov.au/wellbeing/emergencies-injuries-and-accidents/bites-and-stings/itchy-caterpillars/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment"
] | train | 1,645 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.poison.org/articles/2014-jun/caterpillar-stings",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200415035433/https://www.poison.org/articles/2014-jun/caterpillar-stings",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Caterpillar Stings",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Caterpillar Stings\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/772949-overview",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200128084006/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/772949-overview",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Caterpillar Envenomation: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology",
"passages": [
"Please confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. Log out Cancel",
"More than 165,000 species of caterpillars in the order Lepidoptera (phylum Arthropoda, class Insecta) exist. About 150 are of medical importance. This importance lies in the ability of many species to induce an irritant or toxic dermatitis in humans and in the ability of some species to sting. Caterpillars are the larval forms of moths and butterflies. After hatching from their eggs, caterpillars pass through 4-5 instars (stages between molts) before they pupate in a cocoon. The adult moth or butterfly emerges from the cocoon to reproduce the next generation. More than 50 species in the United States alone are capable of inflicting a painful sting. Seasonal epidemics of dermatitis can occur when caterpillars are numerous.",
"The most dangerous caterpillar in the United States is the puss caterpillar or asp (Megalopyge opercularis; shown in the image below), the larval form of the flannel moth. It is found throughout the Southeast, from Maryland to Mexico. Stings from this species are common from June through September.",
"Human disease from caterpillars or moths usually arises from direct contact, exposure to substances or animals that have been infested with caterpillars or their webs, or contact with airborne caterpillar debris.",
"Diaz classifies the diseases caused by caterpillars into 5 groups: erucism, lepidopterism, dendrolimiasis, ophthalmia nodosa, and consumptive coagulopathy with secondary fibrinolysis.",
"Erucism (caterpillar dermatitis) is characterized by a localized, pruritic, maculopapular contact dermatitis and urticaria, and follows contact with toxic hairs, spines, or hemolymph, either directly or following aerosolization.",
"Lepidopterism is a systemic illness that occurs following such contact, and it is typified by diffuse urticaria, upper airway inflammation, nausea, vomiting, headache, and bronchospasm.",
"Dendrolimiasis is a more chronic illness that follows contact with the Asian Dendorlimus pini caterpillar. Patients with this disorder demonstrate a pruritic maculopapular rash and migratory polyarthritis/polychondritis, which can progress to chronic osteoarthritis. Occasionally, acute scleritis occurs as well.",
"Consumptive coagulopathy with secondary fibrinolysis occurs most commonly following stings by the South American Lonomia caterpillar whose venom activates factor X and prothrombin. Patients can demonstrate bleeding from almost any anatomic site and may develop acute (and possibly chronic) renal failure.",
"Caterpillar venoms are produced by glandular cells in the epithelium and are stored in and injected by urticating hairs and spines (setae). Some species produce toxic hemolymph, which can cause human disease.",
"In some patients, immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are produced following contact, resulting in a hypersensitive state and the production of generalized urticaria on subsequent re-contact. A few caterpillars lacking urticating hairs are capable of inducing a contact dermatitis (type IV hypersensitivity).",
"Some caterpillars and moths release their toxic hairs into the environment, where the hairs can be inhaled. Pets or contaminated objects also can carry venomous hairs. In any of these situations, contact with the hairs can cause rhinitis or respiratory disease. Seasonal epidemics of respiratory disease have occurred in Latin America because of this phenomenon. The pathologic response leading to erucism or lepidopterism consists of acute inflammation and cellular infiltration around hairs that have penetrated the skin or conjunctiva or have been inhaled into the respiratory tract.",
"In the skin, diffuse vascular dilatation occurs, with subsequent edema formation in the superficial dermis and ballooning of keratinocytes within the epidermis that can lead to vesiculation. In the eye, hairs have a remarkable penetrating capacity and may work their way into the cornea, anterior chamber, or lens, where an intense inflammatory response occurs secondary to the nature of the foreign material and direct toxic effects.",
"Caterpillar venom-filled spines, found only in the larval forms (adult moths and butterflies do not sting), are hollow structures with a single basal poison cell that produces toxin. When pressed into human skin, the tip of the spine fractures, and the venom is injected under pressure. Toxicity declines significantly after the creature's death, but irritant or toxic hairs may retain the ability to cause dermatitis for years. Likewise, the toxic hemolymph of some caterpillars retains its potency for prolonged periods after the animal's death.",
"Caterpillar venoms are poorly studied but may contain peptides, hyaluronidase, phospholipase A, and biogenic amines such as histamine or histamine-releasing substances. Some, such as the South American Lonomia species, contain fibrinolytic proteases and coagulation activators that can stimulate a consumptive coagulopathy and renal failure in victims.",
"Although no accurate information is available, epidemics of erucism and lepidopterism have been reported. These include school closings, outbreaks of dermatitis and rhinitis in the thousands, and symptoms in more than 500,000 people caused by airborne caterpillar hair dispersion.",
"Occasional case reports of death from erucism exist, but death is very rare following stings by most species. Death may be secondary to a hypersensitivity reaction or bleeding diathesis in cases involving caterpillars of the Saturniidae family. In this family, South American Lonomia caterpillars have a high fatality rate (approximately 1.7%) due to the toxicity of their venoms and the fact that many exposures lead to multiple stings due to the communal nature of these species. No deaths have been reported following M opercularis stings.",
"Medeiros DN, Torres HC, Troster EJ. Accident involving a 2-year-old child and Lonomia obliqua venom: clinical and coagulation abnormalities. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2014 Nov-Dec. 36 (6):445-7. [Medline].",
"Schmitberger PA, Fernandes TC, Santos RC, de Assis RC, Gomes AP, Siqueira PK, et al. Probable chronic renal failure caused by Lonomia caterpillar envenomation. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2013 Jun 3. 19 (1):14. [Medline].",
"Distinguishing dangerous from harmless caterpillars can be difficult, and handling any caterpillar with bare skin should be avoided. These are harmless tomato hornworm caterpillars (larval form of the five-spotted hawk moth [Manduca quinquemaculata])",
"All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2020 by WebMD LLC. This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Caterpillar Envenomation: Background, Pathophysiology, Epidemiology\n\nNews & Perspective\n\nDrugs & Diseases\n\nCME & Education\n\nAcademy\n\nVideo\n\nEdition: ENGLISH\n\nDEUTSCH\n\nESPAÑOL\n\nFRANÇAIS\n\nPORTUGUÊS\n\nLog In\n\nSign Up It's Free!\n\nEdition: ENGLISH DEUTSCH ESPAÑOL FRANÇAIS PORTUGUÊS\n\nRegister Log In\n\nNews & Perspective Drugs & Diseases CME & Education Academy Video\n\nclose\n\nPlease confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you\nwill be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit.\nLog out Cancel\n\nCT 06033\n\nhttps://profreg.medscape.com/px/getpracticeprofile.do?method=getProfessionalProfile&urlCache;=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbWVkaWNpbmUubWVkc2NhcGUuY29tL2FydGljbGUvNzcyOTQ5LW92ZXJ2aWV3\n\nprocessing....\n\nDrugs & Diseases > Emergency Medicine\n\n# Caterpillar Envenomation\n\nUpdated: May 04, 2017\n\n * Author: Robert L Norris, MD; Chief Editor: Joe Alcock, MD, MS more...\n\n * Share\n * Email\n * Print\n * Feedback\n\nClose\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Google+\n\nSections\n\nCaterpillar Envenomation\n\n * Sections Caterpillar Envenomation\n\n * Overview\n\n * Background\n * Pathophysiology\n * Epidemiology\n * Prognosis\n * Show All\n * Presentation\n\n * History\n * Physical Examination\n * Complications\n * Show All\n * DDx\n * Workup\n\n * Laboratory Studies\n * Imaging Studies\n * Show All\n * Treatment\n\n * Prehospital Care\n * Emergency Department Care\n * Consultations\n * Prevention\n * Long-Term Monitoring\n * Show All\n * Medication\n\n * Medication Summary\n * Antihistamines\n * Corticosteroids\n * Bronchodilators\n * Analgesics\n * Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs)\n * Cardiovascular agents\n * Toxoid\n * Show All\n * Media Gallery\n * References\n\nOverview\n\n## Background\n\nMore than 165,000 species of caterpillars in the order Lepidoptera (phylum\nArthropoda, class Insecta) exist. About 150 are of medical importance. This\nimportance lies in the ability of many species to induce an irritant or toxic\ndermatitis in humans and in the ability of some species to sting. Caterpillars\nare the larval forms of moths and butterflies. After hatching from their eggs,\ncaterpillars pass through 4-5 instars (stages between molts) before they\npupate in a cocoon. The adult moth or butterfly emerges from the cocoon to\nreproduce the next generation. More than 50 species in the United States alone\nare capable of inflicting a painful sting. Seasonal epidemics of dermatitis\ncan occur when caterpillars are numerous.\n\nThe most dangerous caterpillar in the United States is the puss caterpillar or\nasp (Megalopyge opercularis; shown in the image below), the larval form of the\nflannel moth. It is found throughout the Southeast, from Maryland to Mexico.\nStings from this species are common from June through September.\n\nCaterpillar envenomations. Puss caterpillar or asp. Photo courtesy of the\nArizona Poison and Drug Information Center.\n\nView Media Gallery\n\nNext:\n\n## Pathophysiology\n\nHuman disease from caterpillars or moths usually arises from direct contact,\nexposure to substances or animals that have been infested with caterpillars or\ntheir webs, or contact with airborne caterpillar debris.\n\nDiaz classifies the diseases caused by caterpillars into 5 groups: erucism,\nlepidopterism, dendrolimiasis, ophthalmia nodosa, and consumptive coagulopathy\nwith secondary fibrinolysis.\n\nErucism (caterpillar dermatitis) is characterized by a localized, pruritic,\nmaculopapular contact dermatitis and urticaria, and follows contact with toxic\nhairs, spines, or hemolymph, either directly or following aerosolization.\n\nLepidopterism is a systemic illness that occurs following such contact, and it\nis typified by diffuse urticaria, upper airway inflammation, nausea, vomiting,\nheadache, and bronchospasm.\n\nDendrolimiasis is a more chronic illness that follows contact with the Asian\nDendorlimus pini caterpillar. Patients with this disorder demonstrate a\npruritic maculopapular rash and migratory polyarthritis/polychondritis, which\ncan progress to chronic osteoarthritis. Occasionally, acute scleritis occurs\nas well.\n\nOphthalmia nodosa presents with acute conjunctivitis, progressing to\npanophthalmitis, following penetration of the cornea by urticating hairs.\n\nConsumptive coagulopathy with secondary fibrinolysis occurs most commonly\nfollowing stings by the South American Lonomia caterpillar whose venom\nactivates factor X and prothrombin. Patients can demonstrate bleeding from\nalmost any anatomic site and may develop acute (and possibly chronic) renal\nfailure.\n\nCaterpillar venoms are produced by glandular cells in the epithelium and are\nstored in and injected by urticating hairs and spines (setae). Some species\nproduce toxic hemolymph, which can cause human disease.\n\nIn some patients, immunoglobulin E (IgE) antibodies are produced following\ncontact, resulting in a hypersensitive state and the production of generalized\nurticaria on subsequent re-contact. A few caterpillars lacking urticating\nhairs are capable of inducing a contact dermatitis (type IV hypersensitivity).\n\nSome caterpillars and moths release their toxic hairs into the environment,\nwhere the hairs can be inhaled. Pets or contaminated objects also can carry\nvenomous hairs. In any of these situations, contact with the hairs can cause\nrhinitis or respiratory disease. Seasonal epidemics of respiratory disease\nhave occurred in Latin America because of this phenomenon. The pathologic\nresponse leading to erucism or lepidopterism consists of acute inflammation\nand cellular infiltration around hairs that have penetrated the skin or\nconjunctiva or have been inhaled into the respiratory tract.\n\nIn the skin, diffuse vascular dilatation occurs, with subsequent edema\nformation in the superficial dermis and ballooning of keratinocytes within the\nepidermis that can lead to vesiculation. In the eye, hairs have a remarkable\npenetrating capacity and may work their way into the cornea, anterior chamber,\nor lens, where an intense inflammatory response occurs secondary to the nature\nof the foreign material and direct toxic effects.\n\nCaterpillar venom-filled spines, found only in the larval forms (adult moths\nand butterflies do not sting), are hollow structures with a single basal\npoison cell that produces toxin. When pressed into human skin, the tip of the\nspine fractures, and the venom is injected under pressure. Toxicity declines\nsignificantly after the creature's death, but irritant or toxic hairs may\nretain the ability to cause dermatitis for years. Likewise, the toxic\nhemolymph of some caterpillars retains its potency for prolonged periods after\nthe animal's death.\n\nCaterpillar venoms are poorly studied but may contain peptides, hyaluronidase,\nphospholipase A, and biogenic amines such as histamine or histamine-releasing\nsubstances. Some, such as the South American Lonomia species, contain\nfibrinolytic proteases and coagulation activators that can stimulate a\nconsumptive coagulopathy and renal failure in victims.\n\nPrevious\n\nNext:\n\n## Epidemiology\n\n### Frequency\n\nUnited States\n\nAlthough no accurate information is available, epidemics of erucism and\nlepidopterism have been reported. These include school closings, outbreaks of\ndermatitis and rhinitis in the thousands, and symptoms in more than 500,000\npeople caused by airborne caterpillar hair dispersion.\n\nInternational\n\nNo accurate information is available, though it appears that the incidence of\nhuman disease is increasing.\n\n### Age\n\nChildren, being prone to want to play with caterpillars, may be at increased\nrisk of exposure.\n\nPrevious\n\nNext:\n\n## Prognosis\n\nThe prognosis is generally excellent.\n\nOccasional case reports of death from erucism exist, but death is very rare\nfollowing stings by most species. Death may be secondary to a hypersensitivity\nreaction or bleeding diathesis in cases involving caterpillars of the\nSaturniidae family. In this family, South American Lonomia caterpillars have a\nhigh fatality rate (approximately 1.7%) due to the toxicity of their venoms\nand the fact that many exposures lead to multiple stings due to the communal\nnature of these species. No deaths have been reported following M opercularis\nstings.\n\nReported complications include panophthalmitis, consumptive coagulopathy,\nintracranial hemorrhage, renal failure, and osteochondritis.\n\nPrevious\n\nClinical Presentation\n\n###### References\n\n 1. Bonamonte D, Foti C, Vestita M, Angelini G. Skin Reactions to pine processionary caterpillar Thaumetopoea pityocampa Schiff. ScientificWorldJournal. 2013. 2013:867431. [Medline].\n\n 2. Iacobucci G. Oak moth caterpillar that causes rash is spreading in southeast England. BMJ. 2013 May 8. 346:f2964. [Medline].\n\n 3. Wills PJ, Anjana M, Nitin M, Varun R, Sachidanandan P, Jacob TM, et al. Population Explosions of Tiger Moth Lead to Lepidopterism Mimicking Infectious Fever Outbreaks. PLoS One. 2016. 11 (4):e0152787. [Medline].\n\n 4. DuGar B, Sterbank J, Tcheurekdjian H, Hostoffer R. Beware of the caterpillar: Anaphylaxis to the spotted tussock moth caterpillar, Lophocampa maculata. Allergy Rhinol (Providence). 2014 Jul. 5 (2):113-5. [Medline].\n\n 5. Bleriot A, Couret C, Lebranchu P, Le Meur G, Weber M. [Keratitis due to foreign bodies from a processionary caterpillar nest]. J Fr Ophtalmol. 2015 Jan. 38 (1):85-6. [Medline].\n\n 6. Prasad SC, Korah S. Rare Presentation of Ophthalmia Nodosa. Middle East Afr J Ophthalmol. 2015 Oct-Dec. 22 (4):520-1. [Medline].\n\n 7. Casado Verrier E, Carro Rodríguez MA, de la Parte Cancho M, Piñeiro Pérez R. [Systemic reaction after pine processionary caterpillar ingestion. Conservative management?]. Arch Argent Pediatr. 2016 Jun 1. 114 (3):e151-4. [Medline].\n\n 8. MacKinnon JA, Waterman G, Piastro K, Oakes J, Pauze D. Oropharyngeal Edema in an 8-Month-Old Girl after Woolly Bear Caterpillar Exposure. J Emerg Med. 2015 Nov. 49 (5):e147-9. [Medline].\n\n 9. Sánchez MN, Mignone Chagas MA, Casertano SA, Cavagnaro LE, Peichoto ME. [Accidents with caterpillar Lonomia obliqua (Walker, 1855). An emerging problem]. Medicina (B Aires). 2015. 75 (5):328-33. [Medline].\n\n 10. Maggi S, Faulhaber GA. Lonomia obliqua Walker (Lepidoptera: Saturniidae): hemostasis implications. Rev Assoc Med Bras. 2015 May-Jun. 61 (3):263-8. [Medline].\n\n 11. Medeiros DN, Torres HC, Troster EJ. Accident involving a 2-year-old child and Lonomia obliqua venom: clinical and coagulation abnormalities. Rev Bras Hematol Hemoter. 2014 Nov-Dec. 36 (6):445-7. [Medline].\n\n 12. Schmitberger PA, Fernandes TC, Santos RC, de Assis RC, Gomes AP, Siqueira PK, et al. Probable chronic renal failure caused by Lonomia caterpillar envenomation. J Venom Anim Toxins Incl Trop Dis. 2013 Jun 3. 19 (1):14. [Medline].\n\n 13. Lipkova B, Gajdosova E, Kacerik M, Duranova M, Izak MG. Caterpillar setae penetration in an eye: long-term follow-up. Retin Cases Brief Rep. 2013 Summer. 7 (3):252-4. [Medline].\n\n 14. Sridhar MS, Ramakrishnan M. Ocular lesions caused by caterpillar hairs. Eye (Lond). 2004 May. 18 (5):540-3. [Medline].\n\n 15. Hossler EW. Caterpillars and moths. Dermatol Ther. 2009 Jul-Aug. 22(4):353-66. [Medline].\n\nMedia Gallery\n\n * Caterpillar envenomations. Puss caterpillar or asp. Photo courtesy of the Arizona Poison and Drug Information Center.\n\n * Distinguishing dangerous from harmless caterpillars can be difficult, and handling any caterpillar with bare skin should be avoided. These are harmless tomato hornworm caterpillars (larval form of the five-spotted hawk moth [Manduca quinquemaculata])\n\nof 2\n\n###### Tables\n\nBack to List\n\n###### Contributor Information and Disclosures\n\nAuthor\n\nRobert L Norris, MD Professor Emeritus, Department of Emergency Medicine,\nStanford University Medical Center\n\nRobert L Norris, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American\nCollege of Emergency Physicians, Wilderness Medical Society\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nSpecialty Editor Board\n\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD Regional Director of Pharmacy, Sacred Heart and St\nJoseph's Hospitals\n\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies:\nAmerican Society of Health-System Pharmacists\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nGino A Farina, MD, FACEP, FAAEM Professor of Emergency Medicine, Hofstra North\nShore-LIJ School of Medicine at Hofstra University; Program Director,\nDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Long Island Jewish Medical Center\n\nGino A Farina, MD, FACEP, FAAEM is a member of the following medical\nsocieties: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American College of\nEmergency Physicians, Society for Academic Emergency Medicine\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nChief Editor\n\nJoe Alcock, MD, MS Associate Professor, Department of Emergency Medicine,\nUniversity of New Mexico Health Sciences Center\n\nJoe Alcock, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American\nAcademy of Emergency Medicine\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nAdditional Contributors\n\nSamuel M Keim, MD, MS Professor and Chair, Department of Emergency Medicine,\nUniversity of Arizona College of Medicine\n\nSamuel M Keim, MD, MS is a member of the following medical societies: American\nAcademy of Emergency Medicine, American College of Emergency Physicians,\nAmerican Medical Association, American Public Health Association, Society for\nAcademic Emergency Medicine\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nClose\n\n###### What would you like to print?\n\nWhat would you like to print?\n\n * Print this section\n * Print the entire contents of\n * Print the entire contents of article\n\n * Sections Caterpillar Envenomation\n\n * Overview\n\n * Background\n * Pathophysiology\n * Epidemiology\n * Prognosis\n * Show All\n * Presentation\n\n * History\n * Physical Examination\n * Complications\n * Show All\n * DDx\n * Workup\n\n * Laboratory Studies\n * Imaging Studies\n * Show All\n * Treatment\n\n * Prehospital Care\n * Emergency Department Care\n * Consultations\n * Prevention\n * Long-Term Monitoring\n * Show All\n * Medication\n\n * Medication Summary\n * Antihistamines\n * Corticosteroids\n * Bronchodilators\n * Analgesics\n * Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs)\n * Cardiovascular agents\n * Toxoid\n * Show All\n * Media Gallery\n * References\n\n#### Find Us On\n\n#### About\n\nAbout Medscape Privacy Policy Editorial Policy Cookies Do Not Sell My Personal\nInformation Terms of Use Advertising Policy Help Center\n\n#### Membership\n\nEmail Newsletters Manage My Account\n\n#### Apps\n\nMedscape CME & Education\n\n#### WebMD Network\n\nWebMD MedicineNet eMedicineHealth RxList WebMD Corporate\n\n#### Editions\n\nEnglish Deutsch Español Français Português\n\nAll material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2020\nby WebMD LLC. This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.\n\nencoded search term (Caterpillar Envenomation) and Caterpillar Envenomation\n\n##### What to Read Next on Medscape\n\n###### Related Conditions and Diseases\n\n * Seafood Toxicity\n * Botulinum Toxin\n * Botulinum Toxin in Pain Management\n * Botulinum Toxin Injections in Plastic Surgery\n * Pathophysiology and Etiology of Lead Toxicity\n * Botulinum Toxin for Laryngeal Dystonia\n * Salicylate Toxicity\n\n###### Medscape Consult\n\n###### News & Perspective\n\n * Dietary Supplement Causes Widespread Selenium Poisoning\n * Management of Tourette's Syndrome Reviewed\n * Atopic Dermatitis: Five Promising Targeted Therapies\n\n###### Tools\n\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * Pill Identifier\n * Calculators\n * Formulary\n\n###### Slideshow\n\nForeign Bodies: Curious Findings\n\n###### Most Popular Articles\n\nAccording to Emergency Physicians\n\n 1. Epinephrine for Cardiac Arrest: Guidance Inflated?\n 2. US Air Ambulances: Expensive, Risky, and Regulation-Averse\n 3. Doc Gets New Heart, Loses Residency in 5 Weeks\n 4. 'Frustration and Disbelief' Over Drug Shortages\n 5. Sepsis in Pregnancy: Recognition and Resuscitation\n\nView More\n\n### Recommended\n\n * 2002 1011549-overview Diseases & Conditions\n\nDiseases & Conditions Seafood Toxicity\n\n * 2002 814701-overview Diseases & Conditions\n\nDiseases & Conditions Ethylene Glycol Toxicity\n\n * 2002 325451-overview Procedures\n\nProcedures Botulinum Toxin\n\n * 2002 325574-overview Procedures\n\nProcedures Botulinum Toxin in Pain Management\n\nNeed a Curbside Consult? Share cases and questions with Physicians on Medscape\nconsult. Share a Case\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://healthyhorns.utexas.edu/HT/HT_insectbites.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200928042700/https://healthyhorns.utexas.edu/HT/HT_insectbites.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Insect Bites and Stings",
"passages": [
"For most people, a minor insect bite or sting may cause a little pain, swelling, redness, and itching. The skin irritation may appear in a few minutes or up to 48 hours after the bite or sting. The site may be painful for several hours.",
"Some people have insect allergies, which may cause mild to severe allergic reactions. Symptoms of an allergic reaction depend on how severe your reaction is.",
"A mild allergic reaction may cause hives with intense itching and pain around the site as well as itching of the eyes. It may cause blisters in the area of the bite or sting.",
"A severe allergic reaction usually happens within minutes of the bite or sting and it can affect the whole body, causing serious symptoms. The symptoms may include:",
"Mosquitoes, biting flies, bedbugs, and some spiders usually cause mild reactions. Yellow jackets, honeybees, paper wasps, hornets, and fire ants cause more severe reactions.",
"If you are stung by a bee, remain calm and brush away the insect. Bees leave a stinger in your skin, but hornets, wasps, and yellow jackets typically do not. Remove a stinger within 30 seconds by scraping it with a fingernail. Do not squeeze the stinger, or it will likely release more venom.",
"When you are bitten by a tick, remove the tick right away using fine-tipped tweezers to grasp it firmly close to the skin. Do not squeeze the tick's body. You may want to save the tick for identification in case you become ill. This may help your healthcare provider make an accurate diagnosis. Place the tick in a sealable plastic bag and put it in your freezer. Wash your hands after touching the tick. Wash the bite area and put an antiseptic on it. See your provider if you start having symptoms such as a rash, fever, muscle aches, or joint pain.",
"Make a paste of 3 teaspoons baking soda and 1 teaspoon water and rub the area of the bite or sting with it.",
"Put a cold, moist cloth or covered bag of ice on the area 3 to 4 times a day for 15 to 20 minutes. Never put ice directly on your skin. This could cause frostbite.",
"Put hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion on the area to help lessen itching and swelling. If the bite is still itchy, take an oral antihistamine such as Benadryl (which may make you drowsy).",
"If the bite is painful, take acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is an NSAID. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) may cause stomach bleeding and other problems. These risks increase with age. Read the label and take as directed. Unless recommended by your healthcare provider, do not take NSAIDs for more than 10 days for any reason.",
"Rest the bitten area on a pillow higher than your heart as much as possible for the first 1 to 2 days. This can help prevent swelling.",
"If you are bitten by a spider or stung by a scorpion, put a cloth-covered ice pack on the area. If the scorpion or spider may be poisonous, go to the emergency room. Urgent care for a poisonous bite is especially important for children or older adults. If it can be done safely, take the spider or scorpion in a jar to the emergency room, so it can be identified.",
"If you know you are allergic to some insect stings, ask your healthcare provider about carrying an injection kit of epinephrine, such as EpiPen. With the kit you can give yourself a shot of medicine to counteract the allergic reaction until medical help arrives. Wear a Medic Alert ID that warns of your allergy and tells what to do in case of an emergency. Tell your family, friends, and co-workers what they should do if you have a severe allergic reaction.",
"A severe allergic reaction is life-threatening. Call 911 right away if someone is stung or bitten and has the symptoms of a severe reaction or if they have a history of severe reactions. If the person carries an injection kit, use it right away. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if the person has stopped breathing or has no pulse.",
"To avoid mosquito bites or tick bites, keep the body covered with long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and closed-toe shoes. Stay away from places where mosquitoes breed. Use an insect repellent whenever you are outdoors. Don't use more repellent than recommended in the package directions. Don't put repellent on open wounds or rashes. Do not apply it to your eyes or mouth. When using sprays, do not spray it directly on your face--spray the repellent on your hands first and then put it on your face. Then wash the spray off your hands. Be careful with children because repellents can make them ill.",
"* Adults should use products with no more than 35% DEET. Children older than 2 months can use repellents with no more than 30% DEET. DEET should be washed off your body when you go back indoors.\n* Picaridin may irritate the skin less than DEET.\n* In some studies, oil of lemon eucalyptus, a plant-based repellent, provided as much protection as repellents with low concentrations of DEET, but it hasn't been as well tested as DEET. Oil of lemon eucalyptus should not be used on children under age 3.\n* Some products containing permethrin are recommended for use on clothing, shoes, bed nets, and camping gear. Permethrin is highly effective as an insecticide and as a repellent. Permethrin-treated clothing repels and kills ticks, mosquitoes, and other insects and continues to work after repeated laundering. The permethrin insecticide should be reapplied to the clothing according to the label instructions. Some commercial products are available pretreated with permethrin. Don't put permethrin directly on your skin.\nTo get rid of bedbugs, call an exterminator to treat your home.",
"It is also important to prevent the possibility of getting a tetanus infection. The skin broken by an insect bite could become infected with tetanus bacteria. You can prevent this type of infection by keeping up to date with tetanus shots. Adults should have a tetanus booster shot every 10 years.",
"Developed by RelayHealth. Published by RelayHealth. This content is reviewed periodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes available. The information is intended to inform and educate and is not a replacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a healthcare professional. © 2018 RelayHealth and/or its affiliates. All Rights Reserved.",
"Home Medical emergencies Appointments Service extension fee Diversity statement STI Testing Sexual assault forensic exams Tour UHS Eligibility to use UHS Medical withdrawal & course load reductions Medical and Immunization record requests Patient rights and responsibilities Campus concealed carry Hours Parking Jobs Volunteering You Share, We Care",
"University Health Services is committed to providing high-quality care to patients of all ages, races, ethnicities, physical abilities or attributes, religions, sexual orientations, or gender identities/expression.",
"University Health Services is committed to providing high-quality care to patients of all ages, races, ethnicities, physical abilities or attributes, religions, sexual orientations, or gender identities/expression.",
"Home Medical emergencies Appointments Service extension fee Diversity statement Get yourself tested Sexual assault exams Tour UHS Eligibility to use UHS Medical withdrawal & course load reductions Medical and immunization record requests Patient rights and responsibilities Campus concealed carry Hours Parking Jobs Volunteering You Share, We Care"
]
},
"parsed_md": "UHS Health Topic - Insect bites and stings\n\nUT University Health Services\n\n# Insect Bites and Stings\n\n## What kinds of reactions do insect bites cause?\n\nFor most people, a minor insect bite or sting may cause a little pain,\nswelling, redness, and itching. The skin irritation may appear in a few\nminutes or up to 48 hours after the bite or sting. The site may be painful for\nseveral hours.\n\nSome people have insect allergies, which may cause mild to severe allergic\nreactions. Symptoms of an allergic reaction depend on how severe your reaction\nis.\n\nA mild allergic reaction may cause hives with intense itching and pain around\nthe site as well as itching of the eyes. It may cause blisters in the area of\nthe bite or sting.\n\nA severe allergic reaction usually happens within minutes of the bite or sting\nand it can affect the whole body, causing serious symptoms. The symptoms may\ninclude:\n\n * severe swelling of the lips, tongue, or throat\n * trouble breathing\n * nausea, cramping, diarrhea, or vomiting\n * hives\n * dizziness\n * loss of consciousness\n\nMosquitoes, biting flies, bedbugs, and some spiders usually cause mild\nreactions. Yellow jackets, honeybees, paper wasps, hornets, and fire ants\ncause more severe reactions.\n\n## How are insect bites treated?\n\nIf you are stung by a bee, remain calm and brush away the insect. Bees leave a\nstinger in your skin, but hornets, wasps, and yellow jackets typically do not.\nRemove a stinger within 30 seconds by scraping it with a fingernail. Do not\nsqueeze the stinger, or it will likely release more venom.\n\nWhen you are bitten by a tick, remove the tick right away using fine-tipped\ntweezers to grasp it firmly close to the skin. Do not squeeze the tick's body.\nYou may want to save the tick for identification in case you become ill. This\nmay help your healthcare provider make an accurate diagnosis. Place the tick\nin a sealable plastic bag and put it in your freezer. Wash your hands after\ntouching the tick. Wash the bite area and put an antiseptic on it. See your\nprovider if you start having symptoms such as a rash, fever, muscle aches, or\njoint pain.\n\nIf you have a mild reaction to an insect bite or sting:\n\n * Wash the area that was stung or bitten.\n * Make a paste of 3 teaspoons baking soda and 1 teaspoon water and rub the area of the bite or sting with it.\n * Put a cold, moist cloth or covered bag of ice on the area 3 to 4 times a day for 15 to 20 minutes. Never put ice directly on your skin. This could cause frostbite.\n * Put hydrocortisone cream or calamine lotion on the area to help lessen itching and swelling. If the bite is still itchy, take an oral antihistamine such as Benadryl (which may make you drowsy).\n * If the bite is painful, take acetaminophen or ibuprofen. Ibuprofen is an NSAID. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines (NSAIDs) may cause stomach bleeding and other problems. These risks increase with age. Read the label and take as directed. Unless recommended by your healthcare provider, do not take NSAIDs for more than 10 days for any reason.\n * Rest the bitten area on a pillow higher than your heart as much as possible for the first 1 to 2 days. This can help prevent swelling.\n\nIf you are bitten by a spider or stung by a scorpion, put a cloth-covered ice\npack on the area. If the scorpion or spider may be poisonous, go to the\nemergency room. Urgent care for a poisonous bite is especially important for\nchildren or older adults. If it can be done safely, take the spider or\nscorpion in a jar to the emergency room, so it can be identified.\n\nIf you know you are allergic to some insect stings, ask your healthcare\nprovider about carrying an injection kit of epinephrine, such as EpiPen. With\nthe kit you can give yourself a shot of medicine to counteract the allergic\nreaction until medical help arrives. Wear a Medic Alert ID that warns of your\nallergy and tells what to do in case of an emergency. Tell your family,\nfriends, and co-workers what they should do if you have a severe allergic\nreaction.\n\nA severe allergic reaction is life-threatening. Call 911 right away if someone\nis stung or bitten and has the symptoms of a severe reaction or if they have a\nhistory of severe reactions. If the person carries an injection kit, use it\nright away. Start cardiopulmonary resuscitation (CPR) if the person has\nstopped breathing or has no pulse.\n\nCall 911 right away if:\n\n * You start to have trouble breathing, trouble swallowing, or feel tightness in your throat.\n * Your throat or tongue is swelling.\n * You feel weak, dizzy, or lightheaded.\n\nCall your healthcare provider if:\n\n * You have itching or hives that are getting worse.\n * The bite area is becoming more swollen or more painful.\n * The bite area is beginning to look infected.\n\n * The bitten area gets redder or more painful or swollen.\n * You see red streaks from the bite toward the center of your body.\n * The area gets very warm to touch.\n * Pus or other fluid is draining from the bite.\n * You have swollen glands, a fever higher than 101.5°F (38.6°C), chills, nausea, vomiting, or muscle aches.\n * Any of your symptoms are getting worse instead of better.\n\n## How can I help prevent insect bites?\n\nFollow these guidelines to help prevent insect bites:\n\n * Avoid walking barefoot or wearing open-toe shoes when outdoors.\n * Do not wear clothing that is loose or brightly colored.\n * Avoid wearing perfume or using scented lotions.\n * Do not disturb beehives or hornet nests.\n * Keep food and soft drinks covered, and keep garbage cans tightly covered.\n * To avoid mosquito bites or tick bites, keep the body covered with long-sleeved shirts, long pants, and closed-toe shoes. Stay away from places where mosquitoes breed. Use an insect repellent whenever you are outdoors. Don't use more repellent than recommended in the package directions. Don't put repellent on open wounds or rashes. Do not apply it to your eyes or mouth. When using sprays, do not spray it directly on your face--spray the repellent on your hands first and then put it on your face. Then wash the spray off your hands. Be careful with children because repellents can make them ill.\n\nRepellent products containing either DEET or picaridin as active ingredients\nhave been proven to give longer-lasting protection than others.\n\n * Adults should use products with no more than 35% DEET. Children older than 2 months can use repellents with no more than 30% DEET. DEET should be washed off your body when you go back indoors.\n * Picaridin may irritate the skin less than DEET.\n * In some studies, oil of lemon eucalyptus, a plant-based repellent, provided as much protection as repellents with low concentrations of DEET, but it hasn't been as well tested as DEET. Oil of lemon eucalyptus should not be used on children under age 3.\n * Some products containing permethrin are recommended for use on clothing, shoes, bed nets, and camping gear. Permethrin is highly effective as an insecticide and as a repellent. Permethrin-treated clothing repels and kills ticks, mosquitoes, and other insects and continues to work after repeated laundering. The permethrin insecticide should be reapplied to the clothing according to the label instructions. Some commercial products are available pretreated with permethrin. Don't put permethrin directly on your skin.\n * To get rid of bedbugs, call an exterminator to treat your home.\n\nIt is also important to prevent the possibility of getting a tetanus\ninfection. The skin broken by an insect bite could become infected with\ntetanus bacteria. You can prevent this type of infection by keeping up to date\nwith tetanus shots. Adults should have a tetanus booster shot every 10 years.\n\nDeveloped by RelayHealth. Published by RelayHealth. This content is reviewed\nperiodically and is subject to change as new health information becomes\navailable. The information is intended to inform and educate and is not a\nreplacement for medical evaluation, advice, diagnosis or treatment by a\nhealthcare professional. © 2018 RelayHealth and/or its affiliates. All Rights\nReserved.\n\nUT University Health Services\n\na b c d e f g h i j k l m\n\nn o p q r s t u v w x y z \n \n--- \n \nUT University Health Services\n\n## Search Alphabetically\n\na b c d e f g\n\nh i j k l m n\n\no p q r s t u\n\nv w x y z\n\n####\n\n▼\n\nIllness and Conditions\n\nAbscess Acne Allergies (Seasonal) Antibiotics Asthma Attention\nDeficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) Anxiety Bacterial Vaginosis Back Pain\nBed Bugs Boils and Carbuncles Chickenpox Chlamydia Cold Sores/Fever Blisters\nConstipation Contact Dermatitis Contact Lens and Eye Care Common Cold Corneal\nAbrasion Crab Lice Cyclospora - foodborne illnesses and washing fresh produce\nDeep Vein Thrombosis Diarrhea Depression Diabetes Dizziness Do I Have a\nProblem with Alcohol or Drugs Eating Disorders Ebola Facts Eczema Fibrocystic\nBreasts Flu on Campus Food Allergies and Intolerances Gastroenteritis Genital\nWarts Gonorrhea Headache Heartburn Hemorrhoids Hepatitis A Hepatitis B\nHepatitis C Herpes Herpes Zoster (Shingles) High Blood Pressure (Hypertention)\nHIV HPV Hypoglycemia Hypothyroidism Impetigo Influenza Inhaler Instructions\nInsomnia Iron Deficiency Anemia Irritable Bowel Syndrome Is it allergies, a\ncold, or the flu Jock Itch Measles (Rubeola) Meningitis Menstrual Cramps\nMigraine Headaches Mononucleosis Information About Mumps N95 Respirators\nPelvic Inflammatory Disease Pertussis Pink Eye Pilonidal Cyst Pityriasis Rosea\nScabies Sexually Transmitted Infections (STIs) Sore Throat STI/HIV Testing\nSyphilis Tinea Corporis (Ringworm) Tinea Pedis (Athlete's Foot) Tinea\nVersicolor Trichomoniasis Tuberculosis (TB) Upper Respiratory Infections –\nSelf-Care Urinary Tract Infection - Men Urinary Tract Infection-Women Warts\nWest Nile Virus Yeast Infection Zika Virus\n\n####\n\n▼\n\nAlcohol Tobacco and Drugs\n\nAlcoholEdu and SAPU Alcohol & Athletic Performance Alcohol & Drugs Counseling\nPrograms Alcohol & Drugs Individual Consultation Alcohol Rules and Laws\nAlcohol & Study Abroad Alcohol Overdose - What Should You Do? 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},
{
"original_url": "http://www.poisoncentertampa.org:80/poison-topics/venomous-critters/caterpillars/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190627223959/http://www.poisoncentertampa.org:80/poison-topics/venomous-critters/caterpillars/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Stinging Caterpillars",
"passages": [
"A large caterpillar, 1-3/4′′ to 2-1/4′′ long when mature. It is yellow-brown to purplish-black with many small white spots and a reddish head. Feeds on oak, willow and other deciduous plants.",
"Some people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines and require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning sensation.",
"Place Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove spines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a paste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever, asthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician immediately.",
"This caterpillar is about 1′′ long when mature. Stinging hairs are intermixed with soft hairs in diffuse tufts. Larvae are creamy white (Upper photo), turning dark as they mature (lower photo). They feed on oak and various other shrubs and trees.",
"Some people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines and require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning sensation.",
"Place Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove spines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a paste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever, asthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician immediately.",
"Light- to dark-brown with nine pairs (sometimes fewer) of variable-length, lateral processes, which bear the stinging hairs. It is found on various forest trees and ornamental shrubs. Not as common as the other species.",
"Some people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines and require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning sensation.",
"Place Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove spines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a paste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever, asthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician immediately.",
"Pale green with yellow and red stripes. Often exceeds 2′′ in length and is fairly stout-bodied. The nettling organs are borne on fleshy tubercles, and the spines are usually yellow with black tips. The spines are connected to poison glands. Ixora and rose are their favorite hosts.",
"Some people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines and require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning sensation.",
"Place Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove spines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a paste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever, asthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician immediately.",
"A convex, stout-bodied larva, almost 1′′ long when mature, and completely covered with gray to brown hairs. Under the soft hairs are stiff spines that are attached to poison glands. When touched, these poisonous spines break off in the skin and cause severe pain. Most often found on oaks and citrus. In Florida there are two generations a year, one in spring and the other in fall.",
"Some people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines and require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning sensation.",
"Place Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove spines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a paste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever, asthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician immediately.",
"Brown with a green back and flanks, on which there is a conspicuous brown oval central area that usually is bordered with white. The brown spot looks like a saddle, and the green area looks like a saddle blanket. It may exceed an inch in length and is stout-bodied. The primary nettling hairs are borne on the back of paired fleshy protuberances toward the front and hind ends of the body. There is also a row of smaller stinging organs on each side.",
"Some people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines and require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning sensation.",
"Place Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove spines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a paste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever, asthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician immediately.",
"Some people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines and require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning sensation.",
"Place Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove spines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a paste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever, asthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician immediately.",
"The Florida Poison Information Center in Tampa provides a number of teaching aids and educational programs about poison prevention and first aid. Find out how we can help you.",
"For advice after contact with a poison, call 1-800-222-1222 24 hours a day, 7 days week, 365 days a year."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Stinging Caterpillars - Poison Center Tampa\n\n## Florida Poison Information Center - Tampa\n\n# Stinging Caterpillars\n\nBuck Moth Caterpillar\n\nFlannel Moth Caterpillar\n\nHag Caterpillar\n\nIo Moth Caterpillar\n\nPuss Caterpillar\n\nSaddleback Caterpillar\n\nSpiny Oak-Slug Caterpillar\n\nTussock Moth Caterpillar\n\n### Buck Moth Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nA large caterpillar, 1-3/4′′ to 2-1/4′′ long when mature. It is yellow-brown\nto purplish-black with many small white spots and a reddish head. Feeds on\noak, willow and other deciduous plants.\n\n### Possible Symptoms\n\nSome people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines\nand require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning\nsensation.\n\n### Recommended Treatment Protocol\n\nPlace Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove\nspines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a\npaste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever,\nasthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician\nimmediately.\n\n### Flannel Moth Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nThis caterpillar is about 1′′ long when mature. Stinging hairs are intermixed\nwith soft hairs in diffuse tufts. Larvae are creamy white (Upper photo),\nturning dark as they mature (lower photo). They feed on oak and various other\nshrubs and trees.\n\n### Possible Symptoms\n\nSome people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines\nand require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning\nsensation.\n\n### Recommended Treatment Protocol\n\nPlace Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove\nspines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a\npaste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever,\nasthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician\nimmediately.\n\n### Hag Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nLight- to dark-brown with nine pairs (sometimes fewer) of variable-length,\nlateral processes, which bear the stinging hairs. It is found on various\nforest trees and ornamental shrubs. Not as common as the other species.\n\n### Possible Symptoms\n\nSome people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines\nand require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning\nsensation.\n\n### Recommended Treatment Protocol\n\nPlace Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove\nspines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a\npaste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever,\nasthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician\nimmediately.\n\n### IO Moth Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nPale green with yellow and red stripes. Often exceeds 2′′ in length and is\nfairly stout-bodied. The nettling organs are borne on fleshy tubercles, and\nthe spines are usually yellow with black tips. The spines are connected to\npoison glands. Ixora and rose are their favorite hosts.\n\n### Possible Symptoms\n\nSome people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines\nand require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning\nsensation.\n\n### Recommended Treatment Protocol\n\nPlace Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove\nspines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a\npaste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever,\nasthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician\nimmediately.\n\n### Puss Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nA convex, stout-bodied larva, almost 1′′ long when mature, and completely\ncovered with gray to brown hairs. Under the soft hairs are stiff spines that\nare attached to poison glands. When touched, these poisonous spines break off\nin the skin and cause severe pain. Most often found on oaks and citrus. In\nFlorida there are two generations a year, one in spring and the other in fall.\n\n### Possible Symptoms\n\nSome people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines\nand require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning\nsensation.\n\n### Recommended Treatment Protocol\n\nPlace Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove\nspines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a\npaste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever,\nasthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician\nimmediately.\n\n### Saddleback Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nBrown with a green back and flanks, on which there is a conspicuous brown oval\ncentral area that usually is bordered with white. The brown spot looks like a\nsaddle, and the green area looks like a saddle blanket. It may exceed an inch\nin length and is stout-bodied. The primary nettling hairs are borne on the\nback of paired fleshy protuberances toward the front and hind ends of the\nbody. There is also a row of smaller stinging organs on each side.\n\n### Possible Symptoms\n\nSome people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines\nand require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning\nsensation.\n\n### Recommended Treatment Protocol\n\nPlace Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove\nspines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a\npaste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever,\nasthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician\nimmediately.\n\n### Spiny Oak-Slug Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nA pale-green caterpillar about 3/4′′ long when mature. Favorite food plants\ninclude oak, willow and other deciduous plants.\n\n### Possible Symptoms\n\nSome people experience severe reactions to the poison released by the spines\nand require medical attention. Others experience only an itching or burning\nsensation.\n\n### Recommended Treatment Protocol\n\nPlace Scotch tape over the affected area and strip off repeatedly to remove\nspines. Apply ice packs to reduce the stinging sensation, and follow with a\npaste of baking soda and water. If the victim has a history of hay fever,\nasthma or allergy, or if allergic reactions develop, contact a physician\nimmediately.\n\n### Tussock Moth Caterpillar\n\n### Description\n\nMore information\n\n * Ants & Fire Ants\n * Bees & Wasps\n * Florida Scorpions\n * Eastern Coral Snake\n * Pit Vipers\n * Black Widow Spider\n * Brown Recluse Spider\n * Stinging Caterpillars\n * Aquatic Vertebrates\n * Aquatic Invertebrates\n\nFollow Us\n\n### Teaching Materials and Educational Services\n\nThe Florida Poison Information Center in Tampa provides a number of teaching\naids and educational programs about poison prevention and first aid. Find out\nhow we can help you.\n\nLearn More\n\nNeed Help?\n\nFor advice after contact with a poison, call 1-800-222-1222 24 hours a day, 7\ndays week, 365 days a year.\n\nTDD/TTY\n\nTelecommunication Device for the Deaf TDD/TTY 813-844-7042, 844-7403 or call\n711 for Florida Relay Service.\n\nMenu\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Poison Topics\n * En Español\n * Order Brochures\n * Healthcare Providers\n * Visitor Survey\n * Make a Donation\n\nFind Us On Facebook\n\n###### © 2008 - 2015 Poison Information Center - Tampa. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.austin.org.au:80/page/534",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190630072544/http://www.austin.org.au:80/page/534",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Austin Health: Bites and stings",
"passages": [
"If you have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to an ant sting: you should consult your doctor about the need for you to carry adrenaline (epinephrine) for use in the event of a sting.",
"If you have been stung by an ant and have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to an ant sting you should follow these steps:",
"If you have been stung by an ant and have NOT previously had a serious reaction to ant sting you should follow these steps:",
"Even if you have never been stung by an ant before, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:",
"§ In some cases such as ant or other insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (< 1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of face, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.",
"If you have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting: you should consult your doctor about the need for you to carry adrenaline (epinephrine) for use in the event of a sting.",
"If an adult has been stung more than 10 times, or a child more than 5 times, in a single incident, they should be taken to hospital.",
"If you have been stung by a bee (but less than 10 stings in an adult and less than 5 stings in a child) and have NOT previously had a serious reaction to bee sting you should follow these steps:",
"In most cases this will be the only treatment required, some people may have swelling that persists for a couple of days",
"If there is persistent or severe swelling and/or itching, take an antihistamine for 1-3 days. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.",
"Even if you have never been bitten by a bee, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:",
"§ In some cases such as bee or other insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (< 1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of face, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.",
"The blue-ringed octopus is found in all Australian coastal waters. Bites from these creatures are usually as a result of handling them; they can inject highly toxic venom when they bite.",
"Initially a person may not feel a bite. Then, within a few minutes, the person may feel tingling sensations in the tongue or lips and soon develop difficulty speaking or seeing. They may vomit and collapse within 10 minutes. Paralysis may cause breathing to stop.",
"Pressure bandage with immobilisation (PBI) is required to limit the movement of the venom from the area. This is similar to treating a snakebite.",
"Apply a compression bandage over the bite, bandaging upwards from the lower portion of the bitten limb (see pressure bandage with immobilisation technique).",
"A number of species of caterpillars can cause painful, itchy and inflamed skin reactions when hairs they shed become embedded in the victim’s skin.",
"Often the hairs are brittle and break away above the skin surface. These hairs can cause eye injury if they get into the eye.",
"Apply a cold pack to the area and take a simple analgesic if required for relief of burning, pain and itching.",
"There are many fish in Australian waters that have venomous spines. Penetration of the skin by these spines causes a wound that requires medical attention because of the risk of infection and to update tetanus immunisation.",
"Examples of stinging fish in Victoria include: catfish, chained scorpionfish, cobblerfish, flathead, the fortescue, the goblinfish, gurnard perch or gurnard scorpionfish, the old wife (zebra fish), rabbit fish, rat fish, the red rock cod and stingrays.",
"The best treatment for the severe pain is heat. The heat breaks down and inactivates the venom. Immerse the affected area in water that is hot enough to be effective but not hot enough to scald. It is best for someone other than the victim to test the water temperature. If no one else is present, the victim should test the temperature with a non-injured limb.",
"Keep the affected area immersed in hot water until the pain is relieved or has subsided. The hot water may need to be topped up to maintain the pain relief. If no relief is obtained after 30-90 minutes, seek medical attention for alternative pain relief.",
"Seek medical assessment immediately for cleaning of the wound, tetanus immunisation, pain relief, if required, and therapy to prevent infection.",
"If there is persistent or severe swelling and/or itching, take an antihistamine for 1-3 days. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.",
"Even if you have never been bitten by an insect before, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:",
"§ In some cases such as insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (< 1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of face, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.",
"Dangerous jellyfish found in Australian waters include the box jellyfish (chironex fleckeri) and an array of jellyfish thought to cause the Irukandji syndrome, including carukia barnesi. These are not found in Victorian waters.",
"Remove adherent tentacles by flooding area with sea water, picking off with gloved fingers or forceps or scraping them off with a firm implement (e.g. a credit card). Do not pick off with bare fingers.",
"Apply cold packs and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain. For stings from Physalia species (Bluebottle or Portuguese man-o-war), immersion of the affected area in hot (not scalding) water is recommended. Immerse the affected area or shower in water that is hot enough to be effective, but not hot enough to scald. Do this for approximately 20 minutes. It is best for someone other than the victim to test the water temperature. If no one else is present, the victim should test the temperature with a non-injured limb.",
"Leeches cause unwarranted fear in many people. When they latch onto skin, their bite is almost painless. They introduce an anticoagulant so that they can feed on the victim’s blood. When the leech becomes grossly swollen it falls off.",
"Application of salt, salt water or vinegar to an actively sucking leech will cause it to fall off. A leech will usually fall off after 20 minutes of attachment without any treatment.",
"DO NOT pull the leech off as the skin may be torn and ulceration may follow or parts of the jaw may remain and set up infection. Applying heat to the leech (e.g. applying a hot coal or lit cigarette) may result in burns to the patient so is not recommended.",
"Even if you have never been bitten by a leech before, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:",
"§ In some cases such as insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (< 1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of face, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.",
"The scorpions found in Australia are not considered dangerous, compared with the scorpions from South America. A scorpion sting may be painful and cause some redness and swelling. The main concern from a scorpion sting is the risk of the sting becoming infected.",
"Seek medical attention if your tetanus immunisation is not up-to-date, if the area becomes infected or if the stung area has not cleared up within 2-3 days.",
"All snake bites should be regarded as being dangerous. Identification of a snake is difficult and there are serious consequences of wrongly identifying a snake as non-venomous.",
"Bites from venomous snakes do not always cause illness; sometimes a snake will not be able to achieve an effective bite and may only scratch the victim.",
"Note: Do not wash the bite site. Traces of venom that are left on the skin can be tested to identify the snake group, and therefore the type of antivenom that may be indicated.",
"Venom is injected deeply so there is no benefit in cutting or sucking the bite. A tourniquet is not an effective way to restrict venom movement.",
"The most effective first aid for snakebite is the pressure bandage with immobilisation (PBI) technique. The principle is to minimise the movement of the venom around the body until the victim is in a hospital by applying a firm bandage (or suitable alternative) to the bitten area and limb, and to immobilise the victim. When applied properly, this method can trap the venom in the bitten area for many hours. The victim might not suffer any effects of the venom until the pressure bandage is released, which is done in hospital where antivenom can be administered if required.",
"Medical treatment is NOT always required following a bite from a Redback Spider. Many bites will only cause a local reaction including pain, redness, swelling and heat. The treatment for these symptoms is to wash the bite area with soap and water, apply a cold pack and take a simple analgesic such as paracetamol. Application of a pressure bandage will not help; it may make the pain worse.",
"swollen or painful glands in the affected limb (armpits for bites on the arm or hand, groin for bites on the foot or leg)",
"When the term 'funnel-web spider' is used, it is generally a reference to the dangerous spider atrax robustus, which is found in and around Sydney.",
"There are some related spiders in the funnel-web Spider family that are found in other parts of Australia, including Victoria. There are few case reports of people being bitten by the Victorian Funnel-Web spider.",
"Despite being a relative of the Sydney Funnel-Web spider, the venom from the Victorian Funnel-Web spider is only known to cause general symptoms such as headaches and nausea.",
"Medical attention is only required if any symptoms such as significant nausea, headache or sweating develop in the next few hours, or if the bite does not clear up or if any signs of infection or tissue damage occur.",
"Medical attention is only required if the bite has not cleared up in 2-3 days or if there are signs of infection or tissue damage",
"For most spider bites, this is all the treatment that will be required. Some spider bites may result in mild symptoms, including headache and nausea, but usually do not require any specific treatment.",
"This treatment is appropriate for bites from the white-tailed spider (lampona cylindrata). As for other spiders, medical treatment is only required if the bite has not cleared up in 2-3 days or if there are signs of infection or tissue damage.",
"White-Tailed spiders are very common and many people are bitten without any serious reaction. There is a common belief that white tail spider bites cause skin ulcers and tissue damage, but there is no good evidence to support this. The bite site may be painful; a red mark with associated itchiness, pain or lump may persist for up to 12 days. An antihistamine may help control any pain, swelling or itch. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.",
"Ticks attach themselves to humans or any warm-blooded animal in order to feed on the blood of their victim. They do not bite and leave; they remain attached until they are engorged with blood and are many times the size they were when they attached. Ticks will often detach themselves after 4 days.",
"Ticks can cause a range of illnesses. Some ticks found in the eastern parts of Australia can cause paralysis. All ticks can transmit infectious diseases and can cause infection of the bite site. Some people are allergic to ticks.",
"Ticks live in foliage such as long grass and attach themselves to warm-blooded animals as they brush against the foliage.",
"Effective removal of the whole tick is important. Use an ether-containing aerosol, eg Wart-Off Freeze Spray or Medi Freeze Skin Tag Remover, to freeze and kill the tick. It should be dead about 10 minutes after application of the aerosol. Then just brush away the remnants of the dead tick. If you are unable to remove the tick in this way, see your doctor. A thorough body check is important. Small larval ticks can be killed by applying a permethrin- containing cream, and then brushed off.",
"Many other tick removal techniques have been advocated over the years, but are no longer recommended. Attempting to remove a tick with forceps or tweezers can sometimes result in the tick’s head or mouthpiece remaining embedded in the host; these can be difficult to remove. The more a tick is handled, the greater the amount of toxin it will release. Holding a flame or hot match to the tick is also no longer recommended because of the risk of burning the host, and an agitated tick will release more toxin into the host.",
"If you experience any symptoms such as feeling weak, unsteady on your feet, unusually sleepy, double vision, having difficulty breathing or swallowing or if any night sweats or fever develop. You may have an allergic reaction if bitten by a tick in the future. Rarely, people may develop an allergy to red meat products after being sensitised by a tick bite.",
"If you have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to a wasp sting: You should consult your doctor about the need for you to carry adrenaline (epinephrine) for use in the event of a sting.",
"If you have been stung by a wasp and have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to a wasp sting you should follow these steps:",
"If an adult has been stung more than 10 times or a child more than 5 times in a single incident, they should be taken to hospital.",
"If you have been stung by a wasp (but less than 10 stings in an adult and less than 5 stings in a child) and have NOT previously had a serious reaction to wasp sting you should follow these steps:",
"If it was a European Wasp or if there is persistent or severe swelling and or itching, take an antihistamine for 1-3 days. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.",
"Even if you have never been bitten by a wasp before, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:",
"§ In some cases such as wasp or other insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (< 1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of face, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.",
"European wasp (Vespula germanicus) - introduced species and is a significant menace. They can be aggressive if disturbed and cause a significant incidence of serious allergic or anaphylactic reactions.",
"English wasp (Vespula vulgaris) - introduced species and is a significant menace. They can be aggressive if disturbed and cause a significant incidence of serious allergic or anaphylactic reactions.",
"Wasps may be attracted to sweet things like soft drink and hide inside a can of drink. Do not drink soft drink from a can when outdoors - always use a straw.",
"should not be used for spider bites, fish or jellyfish stings, or bites/stings from ants, bees, caterpillars, centipedes, scorpions, wasps etc)",
"are left on the skin can be tested to identify the snake group, and therefore the type of antivenom that may be indicated.",
"1. Apply a broad (15 cm) pressure bandage over the bite site as soon as possible (do not take off clothing, as the movement of doing so will promote the movement of venom). Keep the bitten leg still.",
"Elasticized bandages are ideal, but any flexible material may be used. Clothing, towels etc. may be torn into strips. Panty hose have been successfully used.",
"Note: Bandage upwards from the lower portion of the bitten leg. Even though a little venom is squeezed upwards the bandage will be far more comfortable, and therefore can be left in place for longer if required.",
"4. Apply a splint to the leg. Any rigid object may be used as a splint. e.g. spade, piece of wood or tree branch, rolled up newspapers etc.",
"If the bandages and splint have been applied correctly, they will be comfortable and may be left on for several hours. They should not be taken off until the patient has reached medical care.",
"The doctor will decide when to remove the bandages. If venom has been injected it may have an effect very quickly when the bandages are removed. The doctor should leave them in position until he or she has assembled appropriate antivenom and drugs that may have to be used when the dressings and splint are removed.",
"Williamson JA, Fenner PJ, Burnett JW, Rifkin JF. Venomous and poisonous marine animals: a medical and biological handbook. Sydney: University of New South Wales Press; 1996.",
"Sutherland SK, Sutherland J. Venomous creatures of Australia: a field guide with notes on first aid. Oxford University Press: Melbourne; 1999.",
"Sutherland SK, Hawdon GM, Winkel KD. First aid for snake bite in Australia: with notes on first aid for bites and stings by other Australian venomous creatures. The Australian Venom Research Unit: Parkville; 1999."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Austin Health: Bites and stings\n\n# Austin Health\n\n * Austin Hospital\n * Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital\n * Royal Talbot Rehabilitation Centre\n * Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Patients & Visitors\n * Departments\n * Referrals\n * Research\n * Education\n * Careers\n * Support us\n * Contact us\n * Donate\n\n## Departments\n\n### Bites and stings\n\n * Home\n * Departments\n * Victorian Poisons Information Centre\n * Bites and stings\n\nIn this Section:\n\n * Ants\n * Bees\n * Blue-ringed octopus\n * Caterpillars\n * Fish stings (including stingrays)\n * Insects\n * Jellyfish\n * Leeches\n * Scorpions\n * Snakes\n * Spiders\n * Ticks\n * Wasps\n * Pressure Bandage with Immobilisation (PBI) Technique\n * Further reading\n\n#### Ants\n\nIf you have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to an\nant sting: you should consult your doctor about the need for you to carry\nadrenaline (epinephrine) for use in the event of a sting.\n\nIf you have been stung inside the mouth or throat: ring 000 for an ambulance.\n\nIf you have been stung by an ant and have previously had a serious allergic or\nanaphylactic reaction to an ant sting you should follow these steps:\n\n * Ring 000 for an ambulance\n * Administer your adrenaline (epinephrine) if you have been instructed to use it in this situation\n * Lie down; do not stand or walk about\n * Wait for the ambulance\n\nIf you have been stung by an ant and have NOT previously had a serious\nreaction to ant sting you should follow these steps:\n\n * Wash the stung area with soap and water\n * Apply a cold pack to the area and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain and swelling\n * If there is persistent or severe swelling and/or itching, take an antihistamine for 1-3 days\n * Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.\n * See your doctor if the sting does not clear up in a few days or if it looks infected.\n * Even if you have never been stung by an ant before, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:\n * § difficult noisy breathing or wheeze\n\n§ swelling of the tongue\n\n§ tightness in the throat\n\n§ difficulty talking or hoarse voice\n\n§ persistent dizziness and/or collapse\n\n§ an infant may be pale, floppy and not interacting normally\n\n§ In some cases such as ant or other insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (<\n1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of\nface, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.\n\n * Dangerous ants in Victoria:\n * Jumper or Jack Jumper Ant (Myrmecia pilosula)\n * Bull or Bulldog Ant (Myrmecia pyriformis)\n * Green-head Ant (Rhytidopenera metallica)\n * \"Blue Ant\" (Diamma bicolor) (this is actually a type of wasp).\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Bees\n\nIf you have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to a\nbee sting: you should consult your doctor about the need for you to carry\nadrenaline (epinephrine) for use in the event of a sting.\n\nIf you have been stung inside the mouth or throat: ring 000 for an ambulance.\n\n##### If you have been stung by a bee and have previously had a serious\nallergic or anaphylactic reaction to a bee sting you should follow these\nsteps:\n\n * Remove the sting from the skin AS SOON AS POSSIBLE\n * Ring 000 for an ambulance\n * Administer your adrenaline (epinephrine) if you have been instructed to use it in this situation\n * Lie down; do not stand or walk about\n * Wait for the ambulance\n * If an adult has been stung more than 10 times, or a child more than 5 times, in a single incident, they should be taken to hospital.\n\nIf you have been stung by a bee (but less than 10 stings in an adult and less\nthan 5 stings in a child) and have NOT previously had a serious reaction to\nbee sting you should follow these steps:\n\n * Remove the sting from the skin AS SOON AS POSSIBLE\n * Wash the stung area with soap and water\n * Apply a cold pack to the area and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain and swelling\n * In most cases this will be the only treatment required, some people may have swelling that persists for a couple of days\n * If there is persistent or severe swelling and/or itching, take an antihistamine for 1-3 days. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.\n * See your doctor if the bite does not clear up in a few days or if it looks infected.\n * Even if you have never been bitten by a bee, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:\n * § difficult noisy breathing or wheeze\n\n§ swelling of the tongue\n\n§ tightness in the throat\n\n§ difficulty talking or hoarse voice\n\n§ persistent dizziness and/or collapse\n\n§ an infant may be pale, floppy and not interacting normally\n\n§ In some cases such as bee or other insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (<\n1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of\nface, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.\n\n##### Bees in Victoria\n\n * European Honey Bee (Apis mellifera) stings are the cause of major problems\n * Native Australian Bee stings only occasionally need medical attention.\n\nAvoiding Bee Stings\n\n * Avoid wearing bright clothes, especially on sunny days when bees are most active\n * Don’t wear perfume as it may attract bees\n * Remove clover from lawns as it attracts bees.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Blue-ringed octopus\n\nThe blue-ringed octopus is found in all Australian coastal waters. Bites from\nthese creatures are usually as a result of handling them; they can inject\nhighly toxic venom when they bite.\n\nBlue-ringed octopus do not exhibit their characteristic blue rings except when\nthey are disturbed.\n\n##### Effects of the Venom\n\nInitially a person may not feel a bite. Then, within a few minutes, the person\nmay feel tingling sensations in the tongue or lips and soon develop difficulty\nspeaking or seeing. They may vomit and collapse within 10 minutes. Paralysis\nmay cause breathing to stop.\n\n##### First Aid\n\nPressure bandage with immobilisation (PBI) is required to limit the movement\nof the venom from the area. This is similar to treating a snakebite.\n\n * Apply a compression bandage over the bite, bandaging upwards from the lower portion of the bitten limb (see pressure bandage with immobilisation technique).\n * Splint the limb. Keep the victim still. Bring transport to the victim.\n * Ring 000 for an ambulance.\n * If breathing has stopped, begin Expired Air Resuscitation.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Caterpillars\n\nA number of species of caterpillars can cause painful, itchy and inflamed skin\nreactions when hairs they shed become embedded in the victim’s skin.\n\nOften the hairs are brittle and break away above the skin surface. These hairs\ncan cause eye injury if they get into the eye.\n\n##### First Aid\n\n * Decontamination:\n\n * Remove hairs with tweezers or by applying and removing adhesive tape to the area.\n * Seek medical attention immediately if there is stinging in the eye(s).\n * Treatment:\n\n * Apply a cold pack to the area and take a simple analgesic if required for relief of burning, pain and itching.\n * Antihistamine medication or cortisone cream may be needed for persistent symptoms (ask your pharmacist or doctor).\n * Seek medical attention immediately if there are caterpillar hairs in the eye(s).\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Fish stings (including stingrays)\n\nThere are many fish in Australian waters that have venomous spines.\nPenetration of the skin by these spines causes a wound that requires medical\nattention because of the risk of infection and to update tetanus immunisation.\n\nThe usual immediate symptom is severe pain. In some cases it can be severe\nenough to cause shock.\n\nThe most dangerous fish in this group is the stonefish, which is not found in\nVictorian waters.\n\nExamples of stinging fish in Victoria include: catfish, chained scorpionfish,\ncobblerfish, flathead, the fortescue, the goblinfish, gurnard perch or gurnard\nscorpionfish, the old wife (zebra fish), rabbit fish, rat fish, the red rock\ncod and stingrays.\n\n##### First Aid\n\n * The best treatment for the severe pain is heat. The heat breaks down and inactivates the venom. Immerse the affected area in water that is hot enough to be effective but not hot enough to scald. It is best for someone other than the victim to test the water temperature. If no one else is present, the victim should test the temperature with a non-injured limb.\n * Keep the affected area immersed in hot water until the pain is relieved or has subsided. The hot water may need to be topped up to maintain the pain relief. If no relief is obtained after 30-90 minutes, seek medical attention for alternative pain relief.\n * Do not apply pressure/compression bandaging; this will increase the pain.\n * Seek medical assessment immediately for cleaning of the wound, tetanus immunisation, pain relief, if required, and therapy to prevent infection.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Insects\n\n(including centipedes, mosquitoes, earwigs, etc.)\n\nFor Ant, Bee, Caterpillar and Wasp stings see specific first aid information.\n\nIf you have been stung by an insect you should follow these steps:\n\n * Wash the stung area with soap and water\n * Apply a cold pack to the area and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain and swelling\n * If there is persistent or severe swelling and/or itching, take an antihistamine for 1-3 days. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.\n * See your doctor if the bite does not clear up in a few days or if it looks infected\n * Even if you have never been bitten by an insect before, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:\n * § difficult noisy breathing or wheeze\n\n§ swelling of the tongue\n\n§ tightness in the throat\n\n§ difficulty talking or hoarse voice\n\n§ persistent dizziness and/or collapse\n\n§ an infant may be pale, floppy and not interacting normally\n\n§ In some cases such as insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (< 1 hour)\npreceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of face, lips\nor eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Jellyfish\n\nDangerous jellyfish found in Australian waters include the box jellyfish\n(chironex fleckeri) and an array of jellyfish thought to cause the Irukandji\nsyndrome, including carukia barnesi. These are not found in Victorian waters.\n\nJellyfish in Victorian waters rarely cause serious illness but can cause\nsevere pain.\n\n##### First Aid\n\n * Remove adherent tentacles by flooding area with sea water, picking off with gloved fingers or forceps or scraping them off with a firm implement (e.g. a credit card). Do not pick off with bare fingers.\n * Apply cold packs and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain. For stings from Physalia species (Bluebottle or Portuguese man-o-war), immersion of the affected area in hot (not scalding) water is recommended. Immerse the affected area or shower in water that is hot enough to be effective, but not hot enough to scald. Do this for approximately 20 minutes. It is best for someone other than the victim to test the water temperature. If no one else is present, the victim should test the temperature with a non-injured limb.\n * Antihistamine medication or cortisone cream may be required, ask your pharmacist or doctor.\n\nSeek medical attention if the symptoms are severe.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Leeches\n\nLeeches cause unwarranted fear in many people. When they latch onto skin,\ntheir bite is almost painless. They introduce an anticoagulant so that they\ncan feed on the victim’s blood. When the leech becomes grossly swollen it\nfalls off.\n\nThe symptoms from leech bite that may warrant medical attention are infected\nbite site and leech allergy.\n\n##### First Aid\n\n * Removal of the leech:\n\n * Application of salt, salt water or vinegar to an actively sucking leech will cause it to fall off. A leech will usually fall off after 20 minutes of attachment without any treatment.\n * DO NOT pull the leech off as the skin may be torn and ulceration may follow or parts of the jaw may remain and set up infection. Applying heat to the leech (e.g. applying a hot coal or lit cigarette) may result in burns to the patient so is not recommended.\n * Treatment:\n\n * After the leech has been removed, wash with soap and water\n * Apply a cold pack and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain or swelling\n * Apply pressure if there is bleeding from the bite\n * Seek medical attention if the area becomes infected or if a wound or ulcer develops.\n\nEven if you have never been bitten by a leech before, watch for the following\nsymptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which\nrequires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will\noccur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:\n\ndifficult noisy breathing or wheeze\n\nswelling of the tongue\n\n§ tightness in the throat\n\n§ difficulty talking or hoarse voice\n\n§ persistent dizziness and/or collapse\n\n§ an infant may be pale, floppy and not interacting normally\n\n§ In some cases such as insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (< 1 hour)\npreceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of face, lips\nor eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Scorpions\n\nThe scorpions found in Australia are not considered dangerous, compared with\nthe scorpions from South America. A scorpion sting may be painful and cause\nsome redness and swelling. The main concern from a scorpion sting is the risk\nof the sting becoming infected.\n\n##### First Aid\n\n * Wash the sting area with soap and water.\n * Apply a cold pack and take a simple analgesic if required for pain and swelling.\n * Seek medical attention if your tetanus immunisation is not up-to-date, if the area becomes infected or if the stung area has not cleared up within 2-3 days.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Snakes\n\n##### Dangerous snakes found in Victoria include:\n\n * Tiger snake (the most common cause of snake envenoming in Victoria)\n * Common or Eastern brown snake\n * Copperhead snake\n * Red-bellied black snake.\n\nThere are other venomous snakes found in other parts of Australia.\n\nAll snake bites should be regarded as being dangerous. Identification of a\nsnake is difficult and there are serious consequences of wrongly identifying a\nsnake as non-venomous.\n\nBites from venomous snakes do not always cause illness; sometimes a snake will\nnot be able to achieve an effective bite and may only scratch the victim.\n\n##### Preventing snakebite\n\nMost cases of snakebite can be avoided by following these simple rules:\n\n * Leave snakes alone\n * Wear adequate clothing and stout shoes (not sandals/thongs) in 'snake country'\n * Never put hands in hollow logs or thick grass without prior inspection\n * When stepping over logs, carefully inspect the ground on the other side\n * Keep barns and sheds free of mice and rats, as they will attract snakes\n * Keep grass well cut\n\n##### First aid for snakebite\n\n * Stay calm and call for help.\n * Note: Do not wash the bite site. Traces of venom that are left on the skin can be tested to identify the snake group, and therefore the type of antivenom that may be indicated.\n * Venom is injected deeply so there is no benefit in cutting or sucking the bite. A tourniquet is not an effective way to restrict venom movement.\n * The most effective first aid for snakebite is the pressure bandage with immobilisation (PBI) technique. The principle is to minimise the movement of the venom around the body until the victim is in a hospital by applying a firm bandage (or suitable alternative) to the bitten area and limb, and to immobilise the victim. When applied properly, this method can trap the venom in the bitten area for many hours. The victim might not suffer any effects of the venom until the pressure bandage is released, which is done in hospital where antivenom can be administered if required.\n\n##### After the pressure bandage and splint are in place:\n\n * Bring transport to the victim\n * Keep the victim still\n * Leave bandages in place until the victim has reached a medical facility.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Spiders\n\n##### Redback spider (Latrodectus hasselti)\n\nMedical treatment is NOT always required following a bite from a Redback\nSpider. Many bites will only cause a local reaction including pain, redness,\nswelling and heat. The treatment for these symptoms is to wash the bite area\nwith soap and water, apply a cold pack and take a simple analgesic such as\nparacetamol. Application of a pressure bandage will not help; it may make the\npain worse.\n\n##### Medical attention is required for anyone with significant:\n\n * pain not relieved by a cold pack and a simple analgesic such as paracetamol\n * pain spreading from the bite area\n\n * swollen or painful glands in the affected limb (armpits for bites on the arm or hand, groin for bites on the foot or leg)\n\n * sweating all over the body, or only in patches\n\n * shivering\n\n * tremors\n\n * stomach upset - nausea, vomiting, stomach cramps\n\n * increased heart rate\n\n * headache\n\n * pins and needles in hands or feet\n\n * secondary tissue infection\n\n##### Victorian Funnel-Web spider (hadronyche modesta)\n\nWhen the term 'funnel-web spider' is used, it is generally a reference to the\ndangerous spider atrax robustus, which is found in and around Sydney.\n\nThere are some related spiders in the funnel-web Spider family that are found\nin other parts of Australia, including Victoria. There are few case reports of\npeople being bitten by the Victorian Funnel-Web spider.\n\nDespite being a relative of the Sydney Funnel-Web spider, the venom from the\nVictorian Funnel-Web spider is only known to cause general symptoms such as\nheadaches and nausea.\n\n##### If you suspect that someone has been bitten by a Victorian funnel-web\nspider:\n\n * Wash the bitten area with soap and water\n * Apply a cold pack and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain and swelling\n * Medical attention is only required if any symptoms such as significant nausea, headache or sweating develop in the next few hours, or if the bite does not clear up or if any signs of infection or tissue damage occur.\n\n##### Other Spiders\n\nFor other spider bites, the treatment is aimed at minimising pain and the risk\nof infection.\n\n * Wash the bitten area with soap and water\n * Apply a cold pack and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain and swelling\n * Medical attention is only required if the bite has not cleared up in 2-3 days or if there are signs of infection or tissue damage\n\nFor most spider bites, this is all the treatment that will be required. Some\nspider bites may result in mild symptoms, including headache and nausea, but\nusually do not require any specific treatment.\n\nThis treatment is appropriate for bites from the white-tailed spider (lampona\ncylindrata). As for other spiders, medical treatment is only required if the\nbite has not cleared up in 2-3 days or if there are signs of infection or\ntissue damage.\n\nWhite-Tailed spiders are very common and many people are bitten without any\nserious reaction. There is a common belief that white tail spider bites cause\nskin ulcers and tissue damage, but there is no good evidence to support this.\nThe bite site may be painful; a red mark with associated itchiness, pain or\nlump may persist for up to 12 days. An antihistamine may help control any\npain, swelling or itch. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a\nprescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.\n\n##### Further Reading\n\n * Walker KL, Milledge GA. Spiders commonly found in Melbourne and surrounding regions. Royal Society of Victoria: Melbourne; 1992.\n * Jensen R, Nimorakiotakis B, Carroll T, Winkel K. Australian venomous creatures first aid guide. First Ed. Melbourne: CSL Limited; 2007.\n * Victorian Spiders: Museum Victoria\n * Australian Museum: Spiders\n\nSpider photographs are used with kind permission of Museum Victoria Entomology\nDepartment.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Ticks\n\nTicks attach themselves to humans or any warm-blooded animal in order to feed\non the blood of their victim. They do not bite and leave; they remain attached\nuntil they are engorged with blood and are many times the size they were when\nthey attached. Ticks will often detach themselves after 4 days.\n\nTicks can cause a range of illnesses. Some ticks found in the eastern parts of\nAustralia can cause paralysis. All ticks can transmit infectious diseases and\ncan cause infection of the bite site. Some people are allergic to ticks.\n\n##### Where ticks are found\n\nTicks live in foliage such as long grass and attach themselves to warm-blooded\nanimals as they brush against the foliage.\n\n##### How to remove a tick\n\nEffective removal of the whole tick is important. Use an ether-containing\naerosol, eg Wart-Off Freeze Spray or Medi Freeze Skin Tag Remover, to freeze\nand kill the tick. It should be dead about 10 minutes after application of the\naerosol. Then just brush away the remnants of the dead tick. If you are unable\nto remove the tick in this way, see your doctor. A thorough body check is\nimportant. Small larval ticks can be killed by applying a permethrin-\ncontaining cream, and then brushed off.\n\nMany other tick removal techniques have been advocated over the years, but are\nno longer recommended. Attempting to remove a tick with forceps or tweezers\ncan sometimes result in the tick’s head or mouthpiece remaining embedded in\nthe host; these can be difficult to remove. The more a tick is handled, the\ngreater the amount of toxin it will release. Holding a flame or hot match to\nthe tick is also no longer recommended because of the risk of burning the\nhost, and an agitated tick will release more toxin into the host.\n\nFirst Aid\n\nAfter the tick has been killed and removed, wash the area and apply antiseptic\nand a bandaid or dressing\n\nAfter removal, most tick bites resolve without problems. Seek medical\nattention:\n\n * If there is any local rash or swelling\n * If the area does not clear up\n * If any signs of infection or tissue damage occur\n * If you experience any symptoms such as feeling weak, unsteady on your feet, unusually sleepy, double vision, having difficulty breathing or swallowing or if any night sweats or fever develop. You may have an allergic reaction if bitten by a tick in the future. Rarely, people may develop an allergy to red meat products after being sensitised by a tick bite.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Wasps\n\nIf you have previously had a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction to a\nwasp sting: You should consult your doctor about the need for you to carry\nadrenaline (epinephrine) for use in the event of a sting.\n\nIf you have been stung inside the mouth or throat: Ring 000 for an ambulance.\n\nIf you have been stung by a wasp and have previously had a serious allergic or\nanaphylactic reaction to a wasp sting you should follow these steps:\n\n * Ring 000 for an ambulance\n * Administer your adrenaline (epinephrine) if you have been instructed to use it in this situation\n * Lie down; do not stand or walk about\n * Wait for the ambulance\n * If an adult has been stung more than 10 times or a child more than 5 times in a single incident, they should be taken to hospital.\n\nIf you have been stung by a wasp (but less than 10 stings in an adult and less\nthan 5 stings in a child) and have NOT previously had a serious reaction to\nwasp sting you should follow these steps:\n\n * Wash the stung area with soap and water\n * Apply a cold pack to the area and take a simple analgesic if required to relieve pain and swelling\n * If it was a European Wasp or if there is persistent or severe swelling and or itching, take an antihistamine for 1-3 days. Antihistamines are available from pharmacies without a prescription. The pharmacist will be able to recommend one suitable for you.\n * See your doctor if the bite does not clear up in a few days or if it looks infected.\n * Even if you have never been bitten by a wasp before, watch for the following symptoms, they may indicate a serious allergic or anaphylactic reaction, which requires urgent medical attention (ring 000 for an ambulance). These will occur rapidly and certainly within 2 hours of exposure:\n * § difficult noisy breathing or wheeze\n\n§ swelling of the tongue\n\n§ tightness in the throat\n\n§ difficulty talking or hoarse voice\n\n§ persistent dizziness and/or collapse\n\n§ an infant may be pale, floppy and not interacting normally\n\n§ In some cases such as wasp or other insect stings, anaphylaxis is rapidly (<\n1 hour) preceded by less dangerous allergic symptoms such as: swelling of\nface, lips or eyes; hives or welts; abdominal pain; vomiting.\n\nWasps in Victoria\n\n * Paper wasps (Polistes humulis, Polistes tasmaniensis)\n * Blue ant (Diamma bicolor)\n * European wasp (Vespula germanicus) - introduced species and is a significant menace. They can be aggressive if disturbed and cause a significant incidence of serious allergic or anaphylactic reactions.\n * English wasp (Vespula vulgaris) - introduced species and is a significant menace. They can be aggressive if disturbed and cause a significant incidence of serious allergic or anaphylactic reactions.\n\n##### Avoiding Wasp Stings\n\n * Wasps may be attracted to sweet things like soft drink and hide inside a can of drink. Do not drink soft drink from a can when outdoors - always use a straw.\n * Do not disturb a wasp nest, get expert advice for safe removal of a nest.\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Pressure Bandage with Immobilisation (PBI) Technique\n\n##### PBI should be used for Blue-Ringed Octopus bites and snakebites. It\nshould not be used for spider bites, fish or jellyfish stings, or bites/stings\nfrom ants, bees, caterpillars, centipedes, scorpions, wasps etc)\n\n##### Note: In cases of snakebite, do not wash the bite. Traces of venom that\nare left on the skin can be tested to identify the snake group, and therefore\nthe type of antivenom that may be indicated.\n\n##### Bites to the leg\n\n1\\. Apply a broad (15 cm) pressure bandage over the bite site as soon as\npossible (do not take off clothing, as the movement of doing so will promote\nthe movement of venom). Keep the bitten leg still.\n\nElasticized bandages are ideal, but any flexible material may be used.\nClothing, towels etc. may be torn into strips. Panty hose have been\nsuccessfully used.\n\n2\\. The bandage should be as tight as you would apply to a sprained ankle.\n\nNote: Bandage upwards from the lower portion of the bitten leg. Even though a\nlittle venom is squeezed upwards the bandage will be far more comfortable, and\ntherefore can be left in place for longer if required.\n\n3\\. Extend the bandage as high as possible up the leg\n\n4\\. Apply a splint to the leg. Any rigid object may be used as a splint. e.g.\nspade, piece of wood or tree branch, rolled up newspapers etc.\n\n5\\. Bind the splint firmly to as much of the leg as possible\n\n##### Bites on hand or forearm\n\n 1. Bind to elbow with bandages\n 2. Use splint to elbow\n 3. Use a sling\n 4. ##### Immobilise the patient.\n\n##### Bites to the trunk\n\nIf possible apply firm pressure over the bitten area. Do not restrict chest\nmovement.\n\n##### Bites to the head or neck\n\nNo first aid for bitten area.\n\nAfter the pressure bandage and splint are in place:\n\n * Bring transport to the victim\n * Keep the victim still\n * Leave bandages in place until the victim has reached a medical facility.\n\nIf the bandages and splint have been applied correctly, they will be\ncomfortable and may be left on for several hours. They should not be taken off\nuntil the patient has reached medical care.\n\nThe doctor will decide when to remove the bandages. If venom has been injected\nit may have an effect very quickly when the bandages are removed. The doctor\nshould leave them in position until he or she has assembled appropriate\nantivenom and drugs that may have to be used when the dressings and splint are\nremoved.\n\n(Pressure bandage with immobilisation information reproduced with the kind\npermission of the Australian Venom Research Unit)\n\nBack to Top\n\n#### Further reading\n\nSutherland SK, Tibballs J. Australian animal toxins. Melbourne: Oxford\nUniversity Press; 2001.\n\nWilliamson JA, Fenner PJ, Burnett JW, Rifkin JF. Venomous and poisonous marine\nanimals: a medical and biological handbook. Sydney: University of New South\nWales Press; 1996.\n\nSutherland SK, Sutherland J. Venomous creatures of Australia: a field guide\nwith notes on first aid. Oxford University Press: Melbourne; 1999.\n\nSutherland SK, Hawdon GM, Winkel KD. First aid for snake bite in Australia:\nwith notes on first aid for bites and stings by other Australian venomous\ncreatures. The Australian Venom Research Unit: Parkville; 1999.\n\nWalker KL, Yen AL, Milledge GA. Spiders and scorpions commonly found in\nVictoria. The Royal Society of Victoria: Melbourne; 2003.\n\nJensen R, Nimorakiotakis B, Carroll T, Winkel K. Australian venomous creatures\nfirst aid guide. First Ed. Melbourne: CSL Limited; 2007.\n\nWhite J. A Clinician’s Guide to Australian Bites and Stings. Melbourne: CSL\nLimited; 2013.\n\nBack to Top\n\nVictorian Poisons Information Centre\n\n * Calling the VPIC\n * First Aid\n * Prevention of poisoning\n * Information sheets\n * Bites and stings\n * Pamphlets, stickers and fridge magnets\n * Staff\n * Links\n * Contact us\n\n## Find us on\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * LinkedIn\n * YouTube\n\n## Footer Navigation\n\n * Privacy statement\n * Contact us\n * Location maps\n\n## Sitemap Navigation\n\n * About\n\n * Austin Hospital\n * Heidelberg Repatriation Hospital\n * Royal Talbot Rehabilitation Centre\n * Olivia Newton-John Cancer Wellness & Research Centre\n * Clinical Services\n * The Executive\n * The Board\n * Publications\n * Reconciliation\n * Medical Alumni\n * Austin Health Nursing Alumni\n * Patients & Visitors\n\n * Inpatients\n * Outpatients\n * Day patients\n * Emergency patients\n * Visiting hours\n * Our smoking policy\n * Transport & parking\n * Retail services\n * Location maps\n * FAQs\n * Get involved\n * Accommodation and travel assistance\n * Feedback\n * My Health Record\n * Telehealth\n * Medicare Ineligible Patients\n * Referrals\n\n * Aged & Residential Care Programs\n * Diagnostic services\n * Emergency Department Information\n * GP & Primary Care Resources\n * Royal Talbot Rehabilitation Centre\n * GP & Hospital Primary Care Liaison Unit\n * Haematology and Oncology\n * Intensive Care Unit\n * Mental Health\n * Specialist Clinics\n * Veterans Services\n * Research\n\n * DARE Centre\n * Ethics and Research Governance\n * Research Governance\n * Clinical trials\n * Training for researchers\n * Conferences\n * ResearchFest 2019\n * Stories: Prof Burrell\n * Stories: Prof Scheffer\n * Stories: Prof Berlowitz\n * Contact us\n * Education\n\n * Contact Us\n * Allied Health Education\n * Medical Education\n * Clinical Nursing Education\n * Careers\n\n * Admin & Support\n * Allied Health\n * Medical\n * Nursing\n * Donate\n\nCopyright © Austin Health Victoria 2019\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://nt.gov.au/wellbeing/emergencies-injuries-and-accidents/bites-and-stings/itchy-caterpillars/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190407215950/https://nt.gov.au/wellbeing/emergencies-injuries-and-accidents/bites-and-stings/itchy-caterpillars/symptoms-diagnosis-treatment",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Itchy caterpillars: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment",
"passages": [
"Symptoms from stinging caterpillars usually include instant pain, with a longer lasting ache and a raised weal that usually soon subsides.",
"Contact with the venomous or irritating hairs include symptoms of extreme itch followed by wheals and a variable rash which can include a burning sensation. Other symptoms are dermatitis, pain, itching, and swelling of the affected area.",
"Detached hairs if inhaled may cause laboured breathing. Irritation in some cases can last for days. Eye injuries have also been reported and may lead to conjunctivitis.",
"A recent history of contact with a moth, caterpillar or food plants are usually required to determine if and which caterpillar has caused a problem. Identification of the caterpillar or moth with pictures or taxonomic keys is essential in the prevention and control of stinging and itchy caterpillar infestations.",
"Avoid contact with any hairy caterpillars or materials that they have contacted. When handling these insects, suitable protective clothing such as eyewear and gloves should always be worn. Most infestations are short lived and will subside after a short period.",
"If the caterpillar infestations are causing an appreciable problem, a pest control officer can chemically treat the food plant or harbourage area. Infestations will normally die out through the depletion of food resources or predation.",
"Treatment of affected skin by itchy caterpillars includes the removal of all affected clothing. Apply a piece of adhesive tape to the affected areas and pull the tape off immediately. This should remove the majority of the hairs and reduce the irritation. The tape can be examined under the microscope to observe hairs.",
"Wash all areas where itchy caterpillars have been observed or where irritation occurs. Commonly irritation occurs from touching the caterpillar or moth, or contact with bed linen after moths or airborne irritating hairs have landed on washing.",
"Stinging caterpillars are usually only on the food plants and direct contact with the caterpillar causes the sting. The best remedy is to recognise the food plants and avoid them at their active growing period.",
"Ice packs, analgesics, creams, antihistamines and lotions with steroids may assist in relieving the symptoms of both types of reactions."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Itchy caterpillars: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment - NT.GOV.AU\n\n * Skip to navigation\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to footer\n\nNT.GOV.AU\n\n# Itchy caterpillars\n\nHide menu\n\n * Introduction\n * Itchy caterpillars: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment\n * Freshwater mangrove itchy caterpillar\n * Stringybark itchy caterpillar\n * Bag shelter moth\n * Cocky apple stinging caterpillar\n * River red gum moth\n\n## Itchy caterpillars: symptoms, diagnosis and treatment\n\n### Symptoms\n\nSymptoms from stinging caterpillars usually include instant pain, with a\nlonger lasting ache and a raised weal that usually soon subsides.\n\nContact with the venomous or irritating hairs include symptoms of extreme itch\nfollowed by wheals and a variable rash which can include a burning sensation.\nOther symptoms are dermatitis, pain, itching, and swelling of the affected\narea.\n\nThe intensity of the irritation is dependent on the sensitivity of the patient\nand the species of caterpillar.\n\nDetached hairs if inhaled may cause laboured breathing. Irritation in some\ncases can last for days. Eye injuries have also been reported and may lead to\nconjunctivitis.\n\n### Diagnosis\n\nA recent history of contact with a moth, caterpillar or food plants are\nusually required to determine if and which caterpillar has caused a problem.\nIdentification of the caterpillar or moth with pictures or taxonomic keys is\nessential in the prevention and control of stinging and itchy caterpillar\ninfestations.\n\nMedical Entomology staff can identify the moths or caterpillars and offer\nadvice on control and avoidance.\n\n### Treatment and control\n\nAvoid contact with any hairy caterpillars or materials that they have\ncontacted. When handling these insects, suitable protective clothing such as\neyewear and gloves should always be worn. Most infestations are short lived\nand will subside after a short period.\n\nIf the caterpillar infestations are causing an appreciable problem, a pest\ncontrol officer can chemically treat the food plant or harbourage area.\nInfestations will normally die out through the depletion of food resources or\npredation.\n\nTreatment of affected skin by itchy caterpillars includes the removal of all\naffected clothing. Apply a piece of adhesive tape to the affected areas and\npull the tape off immediately. This should remove the majority of the hairs\nand reduce the irritation. The tape can be examined under the microscope to\nobserve hairs.\n\nWash all areas where itchy caterpillars have been observed or where irritation\noccurs. Commonly irritation occurs from touching the caterpillar or moth, or\ncontact with bed linen after moths or airborne irritating hairs have landed on\nwashing.\n\nStinging caterpillars are usually only on the food plants and direct contact\nwith the caterpillar causes the sting. The best remedy is to recognise the\nfood plants and avoid them at their active growing period.\n\nIce packs, analgesics, creams, antihistamines and lotions with steroids may\nassist in relieving the symptoms of both types of reactions.\n\nPrint all pages in this section\n\nLast updated: 26 October 2016\n\nShare:\n\nRelated information\n\n * Insects of medical importance\n * Parasites\n * After hours medical care in the NT\n * Find a community care centre\n\nBack to top\n\n### Information and services\n\n * Arts, sport and leisure\n * Boating, fishing and marine\n * Business and industry\n * Community support and care\n * Driving and transport\n * Education and learning\n * Emergency and safety\n * Employment, money and taxes\n * Environment\n * Health and wellbeing\n * Housing, property and land\n * Your rights, crime and the law\n\n### Find out more\n\n * About government\n * Public consultations\n * NT Government jobs\n * Media releases\n * Government grants\n * Government directory\n\n### Connect with us\n\n * Facebook\n * LinkedIn\n * Youtube\n * Instagram\n\n * Copyright, disclaimer and privacy\n * Freedom of information\n * Interpreter services\n * Site map\n * Contacts\n * Feedback\n * NTG staff systems\n\n© 2019 Northern Territory Government of Australia\n\n"
}
] |
18,854 | How To Increase the Length of Time Your Baby Sleeps | If you want to increase the length of time your baby sleeps, watch for when they show signs of tiredness throughout the day, like rubbing their eyes and yawning, so you can get them down for a nap quickly. It may seem counterintuitive, but when your baby gets plenty of sleep during the day, it prevents them from feeling overtired and unable to fall asleep at night. You can also feed your baby every hour in the couple of hours before bedtime and then once right before bed. That way they’ll sleep longer as their food will need longer to digest. Additionally, you can give your baby a pacifier so they settle into bed and fall asleep faster. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200806170314/https://www.babycenter.com/404_how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-longer-in-the-morning_7641.bc",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210121143353/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051358/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-three-and-six-months",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210327035839/https://www.parentingscience.com/newborn-sleep.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210621024042/https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/getting-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422022748/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051361/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-six-and-nine-months",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515211143/https://www.babysleepsite.com/baby-sleep-patterns/sleep-regressions/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191101233103/https://www.lucieslist.com/postpartum/the-shift/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210715021542/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/baby-sleep/art-20045014?pg=2",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210516114031/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a123/how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20220111051626/https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/5-sleep-through-the-night-strategies/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210126000452/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051346/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-newborn-and-three-months",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210414192524/https://sleeplady.com/newborn-sleep/8-strategies-improve-infant-sleep-naturally/"
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"original_url": "https://www.babycenter.com/404_how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-longer-in-the-morning_7641.bc",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200806170314/https://www.babycenter.com/404_how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-longer-in-the-morning_7641.bc",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How can I get my baby to sleep longer in the morning?",
"passages": [
"Many parents complain that their baby wakes up too early. Whether this is a problem in your house that needs to be addressed depends on what kind of early bird you've got. There are two kinds: Babies who get up before they get enough sleep, and those who simply wake up too early for their parents' liking.",
"To determine whether your baby is getting enough sleep, look at his behavior during the day. Does he seem sleepy? Does he fall back to sleep within an hour or so after his early-morning rising?",
"Keep in mind that an infant rarely needs less than ten hours of sleep per night. If your baby wakes up before getting a full night's sleep, check to see whether something in his environment is rousing him or keeping him awake. If sunlight is streaming in his window at 5 a.m., for instance, install room- darkening shades. If he's repeatedly waking up with a leaky diaper, try double-diapering or putting him in super-absorbent diapers made for night use.",
"If your baby is waking up early in the morning and you think he needs more rest, make sure he can put himself back to sleep. If he requires your presence to fall asleep at bedtime, he may demand your help in the morning, too. Many times these early-morning awakenings are the same as the middle-of-the-night variety, but since your child has already gotten most of his zzz's, it's harder for him to go back to sleep. So treat these early-morning wake-up calls just like the nighttime ones, calmly encouraging your little one to go back to sleep until it's time to get up.",
"If you've gotten into the habit of bringing your baby into your bed when he wakes up but you'd rather he slept longer on his own, be consistent about keeping him in his crib. You'll have a week or so of tired mornings, but you'll solve the issue in the long run.",
"If your baby goes to bed around 7 or 7:30 in the evening, it's normal for him to be up and raring to go at 5:30 or 6 the next morning. Remember, your baby can sleep only so long, so if this schedule isn't working for you, consider a later bedtime. Sometimes, however, an earlier bedtime will help your baby sleep later in the morning. If your baby goes to bed too late, he'll be sleep- deprived and have more trouble sleeping soundly through the night and into the morning.",
"BabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy pregnancy and parenting information in the world. Our content is doctor approved and evidence based, and our community is moderated, lively, and welcoming. With thousands of award-winning articles and community groups, you can track your pregnancy and baby's growth, get answers to your toughest questions, and connect with moms, dads, and expectant parents just like you."
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"parsed_md": "How can I get my baby to sleep longer in the morning? | BabyCenter\n\nadvertisement\n\n1\n\nLOG IN / SIGN UP\n\n * COMMUNITY\n * GETTING PREGNANT\n * PREGNANCY\n * BABY\n * TODDLER\n * PRESCHOOLER\n * BIG KID\n * HEALTH\n * VIDEO\n * BABY PRODUCTS\n * FOR YOU\n\nJoin now to personalize\n\nBabyCenter for your pregnancy\n\n * Baby\n * Baby Sleep\n * Baby Sleep Problems & Solutions\n\n# How can I get my baby to sleep longer in the morning?\n\nBy Deborah Lin-Dyken, M.D., pediatric sleep disorders expert\n\n|\n\nPhoto credit: iStock.com / Milos Dimic\n\nMany parents complain that their baby wakes up too early. Whether this is a\nproblem in your house that needs to be addressed depends on what kind of early\nbird you've got. There are two kinds: Babies who get up before they get enough\nsleep, and those who simply wake up too early for their parents' liking.\n\nTo determine whether your baby is getting enough sleep, look at his behavior\nduring the day. Does he seem sleepy? Does he fall back to sleep within an hour\nor so after his early-morning rising?\n\nKeep in mind that an infant rarely needs less than ten hours of sleep per\nnight. If your baby wakes up before getting a full night's sleep, check to see\nwhether something in his environment is rousing him or keeping him awake. If\nsunlight is streaming in his window at 5 a.m., for instance, install room-\ndarkening shades. If he's repeatedly waking up with a leaky diaper, try\ndouble-diapering or putting him in super-absorbent diapers made for night use.\n\nIf your baby is waking up early in the morning and you think he needs more\nrest, make sure he can put himself back to sleep. If he requires your presence\nto fall asleep at bedtime, he may demand your help in the morning, too. Many\ntimes these early-morning awakenings are the same as the middle-of-the-night\nvariety, but since your child has already gotten most of his zzz's, it's\nharder for him to go back to sleep. So treat these early-morning wake-up calls\njust like the nighttime ones, calmly encouraging your little one to go back to\nsleep until it's time to get up.\n\nIf you've gotten into the habit of bringing your baby into your bed when he\nwakes up but you'd rather he slept longer on his own, be consistent about\nkeeping him in his crib. You'll have a week or so of tired mornings, but\nyou'll solve the issue in the long run.\n\nIf your baby goes to bed around 7 or 7:30 in the evening, it's normal for him\nto be up and raring to go at 5:30 or 6 the next morning. Remember, your baby\ncan sleep only so long, so if this schedule isn't working for you, consider a\nlater bedtime. Sometimes, however, an earlier bedtime will help your baby\nsleep later in the morning. If your baby goes to bed too late, he'll be sleep-\ndeprived and have more trouble sleeping soundly through the night and into the\nmorning.\n\nDeborah Lin-Dyken, M.D.\n\nDeborah Lin-Dyken is an associate professor of clinical pediatrics at the\nUniversity of Iowa's College of Medicine.\n\nadvertisement | page continues below\n\nadvertisement\n\nFeatured video\n\n###### All pregnancy, parenting, and birth videos >\n\nWhen can my baby eat honey?\n\nBy Charles Santerre, Ph.D.\n\nYour 7-month-old's development: Week 3\n\nBy Dana Dubinsky\n\nAdventurous first foods for babies\n\nBy Evonne Lack\n\nBaby milestone: Talking\n\nBy Dana Dubinsky\n\nFree Stuff & Great Deals\n\nWhy is peekaboo such an exciting game for my baby?\n\nBy Nancy Montgomery\n\nInfant first aid for choking and CPR: An illustrated guide\n\nBy Karen Miles\n\nQuick, nutritious snacks for time-starved moms\n\nBy Karmen Butterer\n\nadvertisement\n\nGet the BabyCenter app\n\nThe #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth.\n\n### BABYCENTER IS YOUR PARENTING PARTNER.\n\nBabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy\npregnancy and parenting information in the world. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051358/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-three-and-six-months",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210121143353/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051358/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-three-and-six-months",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What sleep strategies can I try between three and six months?",
"passages": [
"When your baby is three months old, it’s a good idea to establish a set time at which you put him down to sleep, every night. It helps to have a soothing and consistent bedtime routine in place too. This will help your baby understand that sleep is on its way.",
"Aim to start your routine at a regular time and stick to this as much as you can. The more consistent you can be, the better, and the more it will help your baby’s sleep. Choose a time you would like your baby to go to bed in the evening and, if you can, start the routine about 45 minutes before that.",
"It’s up to you what you include in your regular routine. Lots of babies enjoy a warm bath, stories, lullabies and cuddles. You could even give your baby a soothing massage, if you both like it. Pick what works for you and your baby, and try to do the same things, in roughly the same order, every night.",
"By the time he’s three months old, your baby may be able to settle himself back to sleep when he wakes, though not all babies will! You may have rocked him, or fed him to sleep, up to now. But if you wish, you can start to encourage him to nod off, with a little less help from you.",
"Lie your baby on his back, in his cot or Moses basket, while he’s still awake but drowsy. Stay with him, and gently pat or stroke him. This will reassure him that you’re still there. When he’s settled and falling asleep you can move away. If he starts to cry, you can go back and reassure him again.",
"You might need to do this often to begin with, but your baby will gradually get the idea that it’s safe to drift off to sleep, without you holding or feeding him. You can do this as part of his naptime routine as well as at bedtime.",
"When you feed your baby at night, keep things quiet and calm. This will help him begin to understand the difference between night and day. Before too long he should begin to work out that night-time is for sleeping.",
"Daytime naps gradually become a little longer and less frequent by the time your baby is six months old. By then, he’ll probably have about two to three daytime naps of around three hours in total. He’ll have about 11 hours of sleep at night, with the odd brief time awake.",
"You may choose to try and set specific nap times for your baby during the day, or you may prefer to watch his cues for signs of tiredness. These can include:",
"If you spot these or any other signs of sleepiness, try putting him down in his cot for a nap.",
"Trying to settle an overtired baby can be very challenging. If you’re noticing your little one is becoming overtired in the evenings, try bringing bedtime forward a little, to see if that helps. His daytime nap schedule may also need tweaking. If he’s having a nap very late in the afternoon, he may not be ready for sleep when bedtime comes. Bringing forward or shortening his last nap of the day may help.",
"Mindell JA, Williamson AA. 2018. Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond. Sleep Med Rev;40:93–108. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [Accessed November 2019]",
"* Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n* What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\n* Dynamic debate\n* Actively trying for a baby\n* Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\n* IVF support group\n* Pregnant for the first time\n* Baby names\n* Breastfeeding\n* Baby-led weaning\n* Parents of toddlers\n* Coping with a miscarriage\nSee all in Community",
"* Before you begin\n* Ovulation & timing\n* Quiz: could you be pregnant?\n* Top 10 signs of pregnancy\n* Best sex positions\n* Ovulation calculator\n* Fertility tips for men\n* All about pregnancy tests\n* 9 tips to get pregnant fast\n* Can you choose your baby's sex?\n* How age affects fertility\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Trying for a baby\n* Am I pregnant?\n* Sex & conception\n* Infertility & trouble conceiving\nSee all in Getting Pregnant",
"* Symptoms you should never ignore\n* How big is your baby?\n* Weekly meal planners\n* Pregnancy scans\n* Baby names finder\n* Due date calculator\n* Morning sickness remedies\n* Hospital bag checklist\n* Predicting your baby's sex\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your pregnancy week by week\n* How your baby's developing\n* Dads' guide to pregnancy\n* Labour & birth\n* Baby name inspiration\n* Popular baby names 2020\nSee all in Pregnancy",
"* Bonding with your baby\n* Breastfeeding for beginners\n* Find the right formula milk\n* Buying for your baby\n* When can your baby sleep through?\n* Name that rash!\n* Baby poo: what's normal?\n* Ways to soothe a crying baby\n* Teething timeline\n* The truth about growth spurts\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your baby week by week\n* Sleep basics\n* First foods\n* Baby development\n* The best baby products\nSee all in Baby",
"* Dealing with tantrums\n* Food & fussy eating\n* Toddler development milestones\n* When to start potty training\n* Teething & sleep\n* Moving from a cot to a bed\n* Help your child sleep through\n* Bedtime routines\n* Learning to talk\n* Constipation in toddlers\n* Vomiting: what's normal?\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your toddler month by month\n* Potty training\n* Top sleep tips\n* Games & activities\nSee all in Toddler",
"* Top sleep tips for children\n* How kids learn to share\n* Coping with aggression\n* Bedtime battles\n* When your child won't stay in bed\n* Anxiety in children\n* Night terrors\n* Dealing with public tantrums\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your child month by month\n* Food ideas & nutrition\n* Teaching values: empathy to manners\n* Discipline tactics that work\n* Easy arts & crafts\n* Great play ideas\n* Top tips for starting school\nSee all in Preschooler",
"* Your body after birth\n* Healthy post-birth weight loss\n* Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\n* Managing postnatal depression\n* The cost of childcare\n* Your rights & benefits\n* Sex secrets for parents\n* Strengthen your post-baby belly\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* First timers: tips and advice\n* Family horoscopes\n* Getting back into shape\n* Your pelvic floor\n* Life as a mum\n* Life as a dad\n* Family finance tips\nSee all in Life as a Parent",
"* How pregnancy changes your body\n* What happens during childbirth\n* What to pack in your hospital bag\n* The best positions for labour\n* How to express milk\n* How to swaddle your baby\n* Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\n* Signs of teething\n* Tummy time tips\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS",
"* Fetal development stage by stage\n* Labour & birth\n* Postnatal exercises\n* Recipes for weaning & beyond\n* Baby massage how-to guides\n* Baby sleep videos\nSee all in Video",
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"This site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its contents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use."
]
},
"parsed_md": "What sleep strategies can I try between three and six months? - BabyCentre UK\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Baby\n\nCommunity groups\n\nBirth ClubsBabiesBreastfeedingSolid foods and weaningSee all baby groups\n\nHome Baby Sleep Sleep problems and solutions\n\nQuestion\n\n# What sleep strategies can I try between three and six months?\n\nExpert Answer\n\n## Harriet Gibbs\n\nHealth visitor\n\nWhen your baby is three months old, it’s a good idea to establish a set time\nat which you put him down to sleep, every night. It helps to have a soothing\nand consistent bedtime routine in place too. This will help your baby\nunderstand that sleep is on its way.\n\nAim to start your routine at a regular time and stick to this as much as you\ncan. The more consistent you can be, the better, and the more it will help\nyour baby’s sleep. Choose a time you would like your baby to go to bed in the\nevening and, if you can, start the routine about 45 minutes before that.\n\nIt’s up to you what you include in your regular routine. Lots of babies enjoy\na warm bath, stories, lullabies and cuddles. You could even give your baby a\nsoothing massage, if you both like it. Pick what works for you and your baby,\nand try to do the same things, in roughly the same order, every night.\n\nBy the time he’s three months old, your baby may be able to settle himself\nback to sleep when he wakes, though not all babies will! You may have rocked\nhim, or fed him to sleep, up to now. But if you wish, you can start to\nencourage him to nod off, with a little less help from you.\n\nLie your baby on his back, in his cot or Moses basket, while he’s still awake\nbut drowsy. Stay with him, and gently pat or stroke him. This will reassure\nhim that you’re still there. When he’s settled and falling asleep you can move\naway. If he starts to cry, you can go back and reassure him again.\n\nYou might need to do this often to begin with, but your baby will gradually\nget the idea that it’s safe to drift off to sleep, without you holding or\nfeeding him. You can do this as part of his naptime routine as well as at\nbedtime.\n\nWhen you feed your baby at night, keep things quiet and calm. This will help\nhim begin to understand the difference between night and day. Before too long\nhe should begin to work out that night-time is for sleeping.\n\nDaytime naps gradually become a little longer and less frequent by the time\nyour baby is six months old. By then, he’ll probably have about two to three\ndaytime naps of around three hours in total. He’ll have about 11 hours of\nsleep at night, with the odd brief time awake.\n\nYou may choose to try and set specific nap times for your baby during the day,\nor you may prefer to watch his cues for signs of tiredness. These can include:\n\n * rubbing his eyes\n * fussing and crying over the slightest thing\n * staring blankly into space\n * yawning and stretching.\n\nIf you spot these or any other signs of sleepiness, try putting him down in\nhis cot for a nap.\n\nTrying to settle an overtired baby can be very challenging. If you’re noticing\nyour little one is becoming overtired in the evenings, try bringing bedtime\nforward a little, to see if that helps. His daytime nap schedule may also need\ntweaking. If he’s having a nap very late in the afternoon, he may not be ready\nfor sleep when bedtime comes. Bringing forward or shortening his last nap of\nthe day may help.\n\nFind out more about common sleep problems and discover sleep strategies you\ncan try between six and nine months.\n\nLast reviewed: February 2020\n\n## References\n\nBHC 2019. Sleep – children and naps. Better Health Channel.\nwww.betterhealth.vic.gov.au [Accessed November 2019]\n\nBlunden, S & Baills, A. 2013. Treatment of Behavioural Sleep Problems: Asking\nthe Parents. Journal of Sleep Disorders: Treatment and Care, 2(2), 1-7.\nwww.scitechnol.com. uk [Accessed November 2019]\n\nMindell JA, Williamson AA. 2018. Benefits of a bedtime routine in young\nchildren: Sleep, development, and beyond. Sleep Med Rev;40:93–108.\nwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [Accessed November 2019]\n\nNHS. 2017. How much sleep do kids need? NHS Choices, Live well. www.nhs.uk\n[Accessed November 2019]\n\nNHS 2019. Soothing a crying baby. NHS Choices, Health A – Z. www.nhs.uk\n[Accessed November 2019]\n\nShow references Hide references\n\n### Track your baby’s development\n\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\n\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\n\nadvertisement\n\nJoin BabyCentre\n\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\n\nMost popular in Baby\n\n * Download our free baby app\n * Milestone chart: one to six months\n * How to help your baby sleep through\n * Your complete weaning guide\n * Games to play with your baby\n * Free stuff and great deals\n\n * Community\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Find your birth club\n * Free antenatal classes\n * Meet local parents & parents-to-be\n\nPOPULAR GROUPS\n\n * Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n * What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\n * Dynamic debate\n * Actively trying for a baby\n * Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\n * IVF support group\n * Pregnant for the first time\n * Baby names\n * Breastfeeding\n * Baby-led weaning\n * Parents of toddlers\n * Coping with a miscarriage\n\nSee all in Community\n\n * Getting pregnant\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Before you begin\n * Ovulation & timing\n * Quiz: could you be pregnant?\n * Top 10 signs of pregnancy\n * Best sex positions\n * Ovulation calculator\n * Fertility tips for men\n * All about pregnancy tests\n * 9 tips to get pregnant fast\n * Can you choose your baby's sex?\n * How age affects fertility\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Trying for a baby\n * Am I pregnant?\n * Sex & conception\n * Infertility & trouble conceiving\n\nSee all in Getting Pregnant\n\n * Pregnancy\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Symptoms you should never ignore\n * How big is your baby?\n * Weekly meal planners\n * Pregnancy scans\n * Baby names finder\n * Due date calculator\n * Morning sickness remedies\n * Hospital bag checklist\n * Predicting your baby's sex\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your pregnancy week by week\n * How your baby's developing\n * Dads' guide to pregnancy\n * Labour & birth\n * Baby name inspiration\n * Popular baby names 2020\n\nSee all in Pregnancy\n\n * Baby\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Bonding with your baby\n * Breastfeeding for beginners\n * Find the right formula milk\n * Buying for your baby\n * When can your baby sleep through?\n * Name that rash!\n * Baby poo: what's normal?\n * Ways to soothe a crying baby\n * Teething timeline\n * The truth about growth spurts\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your baby week by week\n * Sleep basics\n * First foods\n * Baby development\n * The best baby products\n\nSee all in Baby\n\n * Toddler\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Dealing with tantrums\n * Food & fussy eating\n * Toddler development milestones\n * When to start potty training\n * Teething & sleep\n * Moving from a cot to a bed\n * Help your child sleep through\n * Bedtime routines\n * Learning to talk\n * Constipation in toddlers\n * Vomiting: what's normal?\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your toddler month by month\n * Potty training\n * Top sleep tips\n * Games & activities\n\nSee all in Toddler\n\n * Preschooler\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Top sleep tips for children\n * How kids learn to share\n * Coping with aggression\n * Bedtime battles\n * When your child won't stay in bed\n * Anxiety in children\n * Night terrors\n * Dealing with public tantrums\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your child month by month\n * Food ideas & nutrition\n * Teaching values: empathy to manners\n * Discipline tactics that work\n * Easy arts & crafts\n * Great play ideas\n * Top tips for starting school\n\nSee all in Preschooler\n\n * Life as a parent\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Your body after birth\n * Healthy post-birth weight loss\n * Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\n * Managing postnatal depression\n * The cost of childcare\n * Your rights & benefits\n * Sex secrets for parents\n * Strengthen your post-baby belly\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * First timers: tips and advice\n * Family horoscopes\n * Getting back into shape\n * Your pelvic floor\n * Life as a mum\n * Life as a dad\n * Family finance tips\n\nSee all in Life as a Parent\n\n * Video\n\nTOP VIDEOS\n\n * How pregnancy changes your body\n * What happens during childbirth\n * What to pack in your hospital bag\n * The best positions for labour\n * How to express milk\n * How to swaddle your baby\n * Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\n * Signs of teething\n * Tummy time tips\n\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS\n\n * Fetal development stage by stage\n * Labour & birth\n * Postnatal exercises\n * Recipes for weaning & beyond\n * Baby massage how-to guides\n * Baby sleep videos\n\nSee all in Video\n\n### You might also like\n\n### You might also like\n\nMy baby hates his cot. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.parentingscience.com/newborn-sleep.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210327035839/https://www.parentingscience.com/newborn-sleep.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Newborn sleep patterns: A survival guide",
"passages": [
"Yet they awaken frequently, and rarely sleep more than 4 hours at a stretch, even at night. Their internal clocks aren't yet synchronized with the external, 24-hour day.",
"It's a recipe for exhaustion, but understanding the science of sleep can help you cope, and avoid mistakes that can delay your child's development of more mature sleep rhythms.",
"Throughout, I focus on babies under four weeks of age. For information about older infants, see my article on baby sleep patterns.",
"If you are looking for information about newborn sleep safety, see these science-based tips for reducing the risk of SIDS.",
"Newborns sleep in short bouts — typically ranging from 30 minutes to 4 hours — at seemingly random times throughout the day and night.",
"In part, this is because they spend a large portion of their sleep time in \"active sleep,\" a light sleep state characterized by fluttering eyelids; rapid, irregular breathing; occasional body movements; and vocalizations (grunts or brief cries).",
"In the first few days, the average newborn sleeps between 16-18 hours a day (Iglowstein et al 2002). By four weeks, newborn sleep averages about 14 hours. But the range is considerable. Some four-week-old babies sleep as little as 9 out of 24 hours. Others sleep for 19 hours a day (Iglowstein et al 2002).",
"Not necessarily. Some babies suffer from medical conditions that influence the way they sleep, so if you have concerns you should discuss them with your medical provider. But it appears that many healthy, normal newborns deviate several hours from the average duration of sleep.",
"The timing of adult sleep is governed by circadian rhythms -- physiological changes that follow a 24-hour cycle. Many of these changes are influenced by your exposure to light.",
"For instance, when you expose yourself to sunlight during the day, you are helping your body calibrate it's internal clock. Even if you are sleep- deprived, morning light helps ensure that you will be more alert during the day than you are at night.",
"Conversely, the absence of light at night helps your body wind down. When darkness falls, your brain interprets this as a signal to start producing melatonin, a hormone that triggers relaxation, paving the way for sleep.",
"You can easily disrupt this process by exposing yourself to artificial light sources in the evening -- especially sources of blue light (Wahnschaffe et al 2013). But as long as you stick with the program -- bright light during the day, and darkness at night -- you will likely find yourself in sync with the natural, 24-hour day.",
"Things don't begin that way. Not when babies are still in the womb. During pregnancy, fetuses are tuned into their mothers' physiological cues about day and night.",
"Fetal heart and respiratory rates speed up when a mother is active. They slow down when a mother is sleeping (Mirmiran et al 2003). Such changes may be influenced by maternal hormones, particularly melatonin. Maternal melatonin passes through the placenta, and may direct the fetus' internal clock (Torres- Farfan et al 2006).",
"Unfortunately for us, this takes time (Kennaway 1996), and the process is complicated by the fact that newborns need to feed every few hours. As a result, newborn sleep episodes tend to be brief, and spaced at fairly regular intervals around the clock.",
"Most infants take about 12 weeks to show day-night rhythms in the production of melatonin (Rivkees 2003). Circadian changes in cortisol, a hormone that helps regulate alertness, may take even longer to emerge (Rivkees 2003). And, overall, babies may take 3-5 months before they \"settle\" at night--meaning that they sleep for more than 5 hours at a stretch (Jenni et al 2006; Pinilla and Birch 1993).",
"Nevertheless, newborn sleep isn't completely divorced from the natural rhythms of the 24-hour day. Studies show that circadian rhythms begin developing in the first days after birth.",
"For example, German and Japanese studies have reported that newborns sleep more at night than they do during the day (Freudigman and Thoman 1998; Korte 2004; Matsuoka et al 1991).",
"And scientific evidence suggests that even newborns are receptive to environmental cues about time. You can take advantage of this fact to help shape newborn sleep patterns.",
"When parents include their newborns in their daily activities, newborn may adapt more rapidly to the 24-hour day (Custodio et al 2007; Lorh et al 1999).",
"One study took continuous measurements of mother-infant activity patterns for four months after birth. Newborns who were active at the same time of day as their mothers were quicker to develop mature circadian rhythms (Wulff and Siegmund 2002).",
"When your baby wakes for night time feedings, keep activity to a minimum. Make as little noise as possible, and avoid moving your baby around. Ideally, you want to avoid waking her \"all the way up.\" But if that isn't possible, at least try to minimize the hustle and bustle. You want the baby to learn that nighttime is for sleep and quiet.",
"For example, in one study, newborns slept longer at night if their parents observed a regular policy of turning out the lights by 9pm (Iwata et al 2017).",
"In another study, young babies tended to sleep longer at night if they had been exposed to lots of early afternoon light (Harrison 2004).",
"And time spent outdoors might make an important difference. Babies who go outside experience much higher daytime light levels than those kept indoors all day, and may develop stronger circadian rhythms as a result (Tsai et al 2012).",
"A recent experiment found that mothers assigned to massage their newborns with lotion at bedtime experienced better newborn sleep outcomes than mothers who massaged without lotion and mothers in a control group who didn't massage at all.",
"After one month, newborns massaged with lotion were falling asleep faster, staying asleep longer, and awakening at night less often. Mothers using lotion actually massaged their infants more frequently, which may explain the results (Field et al 2016). An earlier study found that infant massage helped newborns develop more mature patterns of melatonin secretion (Ferber 2002).",
"The takeaway? More research is needed on this topic (Bennett et al 2013), but meanwhile, this seems worth a try.",
"Breast milk contains tryptophan, an amino acid that is used by the body to manufacture melatonin. Tryptophan levels rise and fall according to maternal circadian rhythms, and when infants consume tryptophan before bedtime, they fall asleep faster (Steinberg et al 1992).",
"It's therefore possible that breastfeeding helps newborn sleep patterns synchronize with the 24-hour day (Cubero et al 2005). This hypothesis was tested by feeding infants formula fortified with varying concentrations of tryptophan. When infants were given low levels of tryptophan during the day and high concentrations at night (mimicking the natural fluctuations of breast milk), infants fell asleep faster at night and got more sleep overall (Cubero et al 2007).",
"When adults first fall asleep, we pass through a couple of light sleep stages, and then plunge into a bout of deep sleep.",
"Afterwards, we switch into REM, or \"rapid eye movement\" sleep, a sleep stage famous for its association with dreaming, and the loss of muscle tone. We don't move much during REM.",
"When REM is over, we either awaken, or return to light sleep and begin the cycle again. For the average adult, a single sleep cycle lasts about 90-100 minutes. We may partially awaken many times during the night. But we're more likely to wake up \"all the way\" during transitions between stages, during light sleep, and during REM.",
"Unlike us, they may thrash around, stretch, twitch, and even vocalize. The results can fool parents into thinking their babies are waking up, when they are actually experiencing normal REM sleep.",
"Third, newborn sleep cycles are shorter -- around 50-55 minutes for the average infant -- and REM makes up a much bigger proportion of sleep.",
"It's not unusual for newborns to spend more than half their total sleep time in REM (Grigg-Damberger 2016). Indeed, several studies suggest that, over the course of a 24 hour day, some newborns spent may spend as much as 75% of their sleep time in active sleep (e.g., Poblano et al 2007; Sadeh et al 1996).",
"Characterized by slower, more rhythmic breathing, quiet sleep appears more restful (Grigg-Damberger 2016). But it's harder for babies to awaken from quiet sleep, which can cause trouble if the baby isn't getting enough oxygen.",
"This may explain why newborns don't oblige exhausted parents by lapsing into long periods of deep sleep. It's too risky. Instead, the typical 50-55 minute newborn sleep cycle includes only about 20 minutes of quiet sleep. The rest of the time, babies are either in REM or in \"transitional sleep,\" a rather restless state that looks like a mash-up of active and quiet sleep, and which scientists don't yet understand (Grigg-Damberget 2016).",
"Put this all together, and you can see why parents feel their babies are such light (and erratic) sleepers. Like adults, newborns are more likely to awaken during REM, and during transitions between sleep stages. But unlike adults, newborns spend a lot more time in REM, and they transition between cycles more frequently.",
"And parents may sometimes mistake REM restlessness for waking -- and attempt to interact with or soothe a baby at the wrong time. In short, there are lots of opportunities for babies to wake up -- or get awakened unnecessarily.",
"This sounds like a raw deal for parents. But newborns probably benefit from being light sleepers. Having a low threshold of arousal may protect babies from SIDS, and active sleep might be crucial for a newborn's brain development (Heraghty et al 2008; Seigel 2005).",
"And if we understand the peculiar nature of newborn REM, we can learn to avoid jumping in too soon when we think a baby is awakening or signalling for us.",
"As noted above, babies experience frequent arousals, but that doesn't mean they are doomed to wake up \"all the way\" every few minutes. Babies often jerk, sigh, or vocalize during partial arousals. If you avoid stimulating them during these moments, they may go back to sleep on their own.",
"Whether you breastfeed or bottle-fed, try to give the baby an especially large meal before your own bedtime. This will encourage your baby to sleep longer. To learn more about this approach, see this Parenting Science guide to \"Dream feeding.\"",
"DHA is a fatty acid found in fish oil and other dietary sources. It's important for brain development, and may play a role in shaping sleep patterns as well.",
"In one study, children who consumed low levels of DHA had reduced amount of slow-wave (deep) sleep (Faglioli et al 1989). In another study, pregnant women with higher blood levels of DHA gave birth to babies who spent more time in quiet sleep (Cheruku et al 2002).",
"DHA is found in breast milk, so it's plausible (though unproven) that boosting a nursing mother's DHA intake could improve a newborn's sleep patterns. If you use formula, it seems like a good idea to find a baby formula that contains DHA.",
"Newborn sleep patterns take their toll on parents. In a study tracking the sleep patterns of mothers from pregnancy through the postpartum period, maternal sleep worsened after childbirth and continued to deteriorate until about 12 weeks postpartum (Kang et al 2002)—-the time when newborn sleep patterns begin to show marked circadian rhythms (Nishihara et al 2000).",
"Twelve weeks isn't forever, but it can seem like it when you are severely sleep restricted. As you struggle to cope with newborn sleep patterns, don't forget to look after yourself. Here are some tips to help you cope.",
"When you're running up an enormous sleep debt, you might think a 30-minute nap will make little difference to your health.",
"But recent research confirms that all naps are not the same. When you're sleep deprived, the brain compensates by rendering naps more restorative than usual.",
"In one study, volunteers permitted to sleep only 2 hours at night showed the typical abnormalities in their stress hormone and immune factor chemistry. But after just two 30-minute naps, those irregularities were entirely normalized (Faraut et al 2015b).",
"In another study, volunteers coping with a 2-hour nightly regimen experienced heightened pain sensitivity -- a common symptom of sleep deprivation. But once again, the effect was reversed after just two 30-minute naps (Faraut et al 2015a).",
"Too wired to \"sleep when the baby sleeps\"? If so, keep in mind that quiet resting is better than nothing. In fact, if you are lying down with your eyes closed, you might be asleep without realizing it.",
"In numerous lab studies, subjects who were awakened from the first stage of sleep often denied that they were asleep at all (Dement and Vaughan 1999). A nap that consists only of stage 1 sleep might not help you improve your reaction times, but it will probably make you feel less tired. And if you manage to slip into the second stage of sleep -- even for just 3 minutes -- your nap may have recuperative effects (Hayashi et al 2005).",
"Brooding about the situation will make it harder for you to fall asleep when you are given the opportunity. And it's wrong-headed, too: You might be doing everything you can to get more sleep, and still be stuck with a baby who sleeps less than average.",
"Research suggests that the amount of sleep we get at night is strongly influenced by genetics (Touchette et al 2013), and, as mentioned above, there is a lot of individual variation among newborns.",
"One study reported that the parents of breastfed babies averaged 40-45 minutes more sleep time than did the parents of formula-fed babies (Doan et al 2007).",
"The World Health Organization recommends that babies share a bedroom with their parents, and it's a recommendation that makes breastfeeding less disruptive. A recent study found that breastfeeding women got more sleep when they co-slept with baby (Quillin and Glenn 2004). In fact, mothers who co- slept and breastfed got more sleep than did mothers who bottle-fed their babies (Quillin and Glenn 2004).",
"If your baby can't sleep because she needs a diaper change, she'll let you know. And a little urine is unlikely to awaken her anyway. In a recent experiment, researchers injected water into the diapers of sleeping infants to see if this would wake them up (Zotter et al 2007). It didn't.",
"Make sure you expose yourself and your baby to bright light during the day. And keep lights out--or at least dimmed--after sunset.",
"As noted above, natural lighting helps influence newborn sleep patterns. But it also helps you keep your own circadian rhythms from drifting, which is important if you are going avoid insomnia and be a source of daytime cues for your newborn.",
"Lactation experts often discourage breastfeeding mothers from bottle feeding babies for the first 3-4 weeks. The worry is that supplemental feeds will lead to a decreased milk supply and endanger successful breastfeeding in the long- term.",
"But you need to balance this against the negative effects of severe sleep restriction. Lack of sleep puts parents at increased risk of illness and postpartum depression, which is bad for parents and babies. If you are at the end of your rope, get help.",
"If something feels wrong with you or the baby, talk to your physician. And remember that your own mental health is crucial.",
"Coping with sleep deprivation is very stressful, especially if your infant seems to be especially fussy or prone to crying. Watch for signs of postpartum stress and postpartum depression, and reach out to others for support.",
"Copyright © 2006-2021 by Gwen Dewar, Ph.D.; all rights reserved. For educational purposes only. If you suspect you have a medical problem, please see a physician.",
"Bennett C, Underdown A, and Barlow J. 2013. Massage for promoting mental and physical health in typically developing infants under the age of six months. Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Apr 30;4:CD005038. doi: 10.1002/14651858.CD005038.pub3.",
"Cheruku SR, Montgomery-Downs HE, Farkas SL, Thoman EB, and Lammi-Keefe CJ. 2002. Higher maternal plasma docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy is associated with more mature neonatal sleep-state patterning. Am J Clin Nutr 76:608-13.",
"Cubero J, Valero V, Sánchez J, Rivero M, Parvez H, Rodríguez AB, Barriga C. 2005. The circadian rhythm of tryptophan in breast milk affects the rhythms of 6-sulfatoxymelatonin and sleep in newborn. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 26(6):657-61.",
"Custodio RJ, Junior CE, Milani SL, Simões AL, de Castro M, Moreira AC. 2007. The emergence of the cortisol circadian rhythm in monozygotic and dizygotic twin infants: the twin-pair synchrony. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 66(2):192-7.",
"Doan T, Gardiner A, Gay CL, Lee KA. 2007 Breast-feeding increases sleep duration of new parents. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 21(3):200-6.",
"Faglioli I, Barconcini P, Ricour C, and Salzarulo P. 1998. Decrease of slow- wave sleep in children with prolonged absence of essential lipids intake. Sleep 12: 495-499.",
"Ferber SG, Laudon M, Kuint J, Weller A, Zisapel N. 2002. Massage therapy by mothers enhances the adjustment of circadian rhythms to the nocturnal period in full-term infants. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 23(6):410-5.",
"Freudigman KA and Thoman EB. 1998. Infants' earliest sleep/wake organization differs as a function of delivery mode. Dev Psychobiol. 32(4):293-303.",
"Iglowstein I, Jenni OG, Molinari L, Largo RH. 2003. Sleep duration from infancy to adolescence: Reference values and generational trends. Pediatrics 111(2): 302-307.",
"Harrison Y. 2004. The relationship between daytime exposure to light and night-time sleep in 6-12-week-old infants. J Sleep Res. 13(4):345-52.",
"Hayashi M, Motoyoshi N, Hori T. 2005. Recuperative power of a short daytime nap with or without stage 2 sleep. Sleep. 28(7):829-36.",
"Heraghty JL, Hilliard TN, Henderson AJ, and Fleming PJ. 2008. The physiology of sleep in infants. Arch Dis Child. 2008 Nov;93(11):982-5.",
"Horne RSC, Parslow PM, Ferens D, Watts AM, and Adamson TM. 2004. Comparison of evoked arousability in breast and formula fed infants. Arch Dis Child 89: 22-25.",
"Hugelin A. 1982. Mechanisms of respiratory control during sleep and wakefulness: implications in newborn sleep apnoea. Electroencephalogr Clin Neurophysiol Suppl. 36:625-30.",
"Jenni OG, DeBoer T, and Acherman P. 2006. Development of the 24h rest-activity pattern in human infants. Infant behavior and development 29: 143-152.",
"Kang MJ, Matsumoto K, Shinkoda H, Mishima M, Yeo YJ. 2002. Longitudinal study for sleep-wake behaviours of mothers from pre-partum to post-partum using actigraph and sleep logs. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 56(3):251-2.",
"Kennaway DJ, Goble FC and Stamp GE. 1996. Factors influencing the development of melatonin rhythmicity in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism, Vol 81, 1525-1532",
"Korte J, Hoehn T, Siegmund R. 2004. Actigraphic recordings of activity-rest rhythms of neonates born by different delivery modes. Chronobiol Int. 21(1):95-106",
"Lohr B, Siegmund R. 1999. Ultradian and circadian rhythms of sleep-wake and food-intake behavior during early infancy. Chonobiology international 16(2): 129-148.",
"McNamara F, Lijowska AS, and Thach BT. 2002. Spontaneous arousal activity in infants during NREM and REM sleep. J Physiol 538: 263-269.",
"Mirmiran M, Maas YG, Ariagno RL. 2003. Development of fetal and neonatal sleep and circadian rhythms. Sleep Med Rev. 7(4):321-34.",
"Pinilla T and Birch LL. 1993. Help me make it through the night: Behavioral entrainment of breasfed infants’ sleep patterns. Pediatrics 91: 436-444.",
"Poblano A, Haro R, and Arteaga C. 2007. Neurophysiologic measurement of continuity in the sleep of fetuses during the last week of pregnancy and in newborns. Int J Biol Sci. 4(1):23-8.",
"Quillin SI and Glenn LL. 2004. Interaction between feeding method and co- sleeping on maternal-newborn sleep. J Obstet gynecol Neonatal Nurs 33(5): 580-588.",
"Rivkees SA, Mayes L, Jacobs H, Gross I. 2004. Rest-activity patterns of premature infants are regulated by cycled lighting. Pediatrics. 113(4):833-9.",
"Sadeh A, Dark I, and Vohr BR. 1996. Newborns' sleep-wake patterns: the role of maternal, delivery and infant factors. Early Hum Dev. 44(2):113-26",
"Thomas KA and Burr R. 2002. Preterm infant temperature circadian rhythm: possible effect of parental cosleeping. Biol Res Nurs. 3(3):150-9.",
"Tsai SY, Thomas KA, Lentz MJ, Barnard KE.2012. Light is beneficial for infant circadian entrainment: an actigraphic study. J Adv Nurs. 68(8):1738-47.",
"Wahnschaffe A, Haedel S, Rodenbeck A, Stoll C, Rudolph H, Kozakov R, Schoepp H, and Kunz D. 2013. Out of the lab and into the bathroom: evening short-term exposure to conventional light suppresses melatonin and increases alertness perception. Int J Mol Sci. 14(2):2573-89.",
"Wulff K, Siegmund R. 2002.[Emergence of circadian rhythms in infants before and after birth: evidence for variations by parental influence]. Z Geburtshilfe Neonatol. 206(5):166-71. Review. German."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Newborn sleep patterns: A survival guide\n\nMENU\n\n * Home\n * Babies\n\n * Overview\n * Communication\n * Crying\n * Feeding schedules\n * Motor milestones\n * Sleep\n * Starting solids\n * Stress and soothing\n * PreK\n\n * Cognitive development\n * Early math\n * Early science\n * Preschool social skills\n * Toilet training\n * Growing up\n\n * Defiance & aggression\n * Empathy\n * Friendship\n * Honesty\n * Self-control\n * Social skills\n * Why kids rebel\n * Learning\n\n * Critical thinking\n * Education\n * Getting smarter\n * Homeschooling\n * Play\n * Social skills activities\n * Toys and games\n * Sleep\n\n * Overview\n * Newborn sleep\n * Bedtime problems\n * Gentle sleep training\n * Graduated extinction (Ferber method)\n * Nightmares & terrors\n * Night wakings\n * Well-being\n\n * Diet and nutrition\n * Exercise\n * Green time\n * Protective love\n * Stress\n * Sunlight\n * Parenting\n\n * Attachment\n * Emotion coaching\n * Parenting styles\n * Parenting stress\n * Positive discipline\n * Postpartum depression\n * Praise and how to use it\n * Site\n\n * About\n * Shop\n * Contact\n * Terms of use\n * Support\n * What's new\n\n * What's new\n * Online studies to join\n\n# Newborn sleep patterns:\n\n### A survival guide for the science-minded parent\n\n#### © 2008 - 2017 Gwen Dewar, Ph.D., all rights reserved\n\nAs every parent knows, the world of newborn sleep is exotic and strange.\n\nBabies rack up lots of sleep overall, averaging 16-18 hours a day during the\nfirst two weeks.\n\nYet they awaken frequently, and rarely sleep more than 4 hours at a stretch,\neven at night. Their internal clocks aren't yet synchronized with the\nexternal, 24-hour day.\n\nIt's a recipe for exhaustion, but understanding the science of sleep can help\nyou cope, and avoid mistakes that can delay your child's development of more\nmature sleep rhythms.\n\nIn this article, you'll learn about\n\n * fundamental differences between newborn sleep and adult sleep;\n * circadian rhythms, and how you can help your baby get in sync with the natural day;\n * sleep cycles in the newborn, and how to work around them;\n * tips for preventing newborns from waking up; and\n * advice for improving your own sleep.\n\nThroughout, I focus on babies under four weeks of age. For information about\nolder infants, see my article on baby sleep patterns.\n\nIf you are looking for information about newborn sleep safety, see these\nscience-based tips for reducing the risk of SIDS.\n\n### Newborn sleep patterns: Are there any?\n\nTo the sleepless parent, newborn sleep might seem totally disorganized. For\nexample, consider these points.\n\n1\\. Newborns never sleep for long.\n\nNewborns sleep in short bouts — typically ranging from 30 minutes to 4 hours —\nat seemingly random times throughout the day and night.\n\n2\\. Newborns awaken easily.\n\nIn part, this is because they spend a large portion of their sleep time in\n\"active sleep,\" a light sleep state characterized by fluttering eyelids;\nrapid, irregular breathing; occasional body movements; and vocalizations\n(grunts or brief cries).\n\n3\\. Newborn sleep times can vary widely.\n\nIn the first few days, the average newborn sleeps between 16-18 hours a day\n(Iglowstein et al 2002). By four weeks, newborn sleep averages about 14 hours.\nBut the range is considerable. Some four-week-old babies sleep as little as 9\nout of 24 hours. Others sleep for 19 hours a day (Iglowstein et al 2002).\n\n### If your baby doesn't fit the typical profile, does that mean something is\nwrong?\n\nNot necessarily. Some babies suffer from medical conditions that influence the\nway they sleep, so if you have concerns you should discuss them with your\nmedical provider. But it appears that many healthy, normal newborns deviate\nseveral hours from the average duration of sleep.\n\n### Newborn sleep rhythms: Why newborns seem to sleep—and wake—around the\nclock\n\nThe timing of adult sleep is governed by circadian rhythms -- physiological\nchanges that follow a 24-hour cycle. Many of these changes are influenced by\nyour exposure to light.\n\nFor instance, when you expose yourself to sunlight during the day, you are\nhelping your body calibrate it's internal clock. Even if you are sleep-\ndeprived, morning light helps ensure that you will be more alert during the\nday than you are at night.\n\nConversely, the absence of light at night helps your body wind down. When\ndarkness falls, your brain interprets this as a signal to start producing\nmelatonin, a hormone that triggers relaxation, paving the way for sleep.\n\nYou can easily disrupt this process by exposing yourself to artificial light\nsources in the evening -- especially sources of blue light (Wahnschaffe et al\n2013). But as long as you stick with the program -- bright light during the\nday, and darkness at night -- you will likely find yourself in sync with the\nnatural, 24-hour day.\n\nAnd of course most adults are in sync. But it's different for newborns.\n\nNewborn sleep is not governed by strong circadian rhythms.\n\nThings don't begin that way. Not when babies are still in the womb. During\npregnancy, fetuses are tuned into their mothers' physiological cues about day\nand night.\n\nFetal heart and respiratory rates speed up when a mother is active. They slow\ndown when a mother is sleeping (Mirmiran et al 2003). Such changes may be\ninfluenced by maternal hormones, particularly melatonin. Maternal melatonin\npasses through the placenta, and may direct the fetus' internal clock (Torres-\nFarfan et al 2006).\n\nBut after birth, this intimate hormonal connection is broken. Newborns must\ndevelop their own circadian rhythms of hormone production.\n\nUnfortunately for us, this takes time (Kennaway 1996), and the process is\ncomplicated by the fact that newborns need to feed every few hours. As a\nresult, newborn sleep episodes tend to be brief, and spaced at fairly regular\nintervals around the clock.\n\n### So when do babies develop mature circadian rhythms?\n\nIt's normal for babies to take 12 weeks, or even longer.\n\nMost infants take about 12 weeks to show day-night rhythms in the production\nof melatonin (Rivkees 2003). Circadian changes in cortisol, a hormone that\nhelps regulate alertness, may take even longer to emerge (Rivkees 2003). And,\noverall, babies may take 3-5 months before they \"settle\" at night--meaning\nthat they sleep for more than 5 hours at a stretch (Jenni et al 2006; Pinilla\nand Birch 1993).\n\nNevertheless, newborn sleep isn't completely divorced from the natural rhythms\nof the 24-hour day. Studies show that circadian rhythms begin developing in\nthe first days after birth.\n\nFor example, German and Japanese studies have reported that newborns sleep\nmore at night than they do during the day (Freudigman and Thoman 1998; Korte\n2004; Matsuoka et al 1991).\n\nAnd scientific evidence suggests that even newborns are receptive to\nenvironmental cues about time. You can take advantage of this fact to help\nshape newborn sleep patterns.\n\n### How to help newborns get in sync with the natural, 24-hour day\n\n1\\. Make your baby a part of your daily routine.\n\nWhen parents include their newborns in their daily activities, newborn may\nadapt more rapidly to the 24-hour day (Custodio et al 2007; Lorh et al 1999).\n\nOne study took continuous measurements of mother-infant activity patterns for\nfour months after birth. Newborns who were active at the same time of day as\ntheir mothers were quicker to develop mature circadian rhythms (Wulff and\nSiegmund 2002).\n\n2\\. Reduce stimulation at night.\n\nWhen your baby wakes for night time feedings, keep activity to a minimum. Make\nas little noise as possible, and avoid moving your baby around. Ideally, you\nwant to avoid waking her \"all the way up.\" But if that isn't possible, at\nleast try to minimize the hustle and bustle. You want the baby to learn that\nnighttime is for sleep and quiet.\n\n3\\. Expose your newborn to natural lighting patterns.\n\nLight cues might not instantly synchronize newborn sleep patterns, but they\nhelp.\n\nFor example, in one study, newborns slept longer at night if their parents\nobserved a regular policy of turning out the lights by 9pm (Iwata et al 2017).\n\nIn another study, young babies tended to sleep longer at night if they had\nbeen exposed to lots of early afternoon light (Harrison 2004).\n\nAnd time spent outdoors might make an important difference. Babies who go\noutside experience much higher daytime light levels than those kept indoors\nall day, and may develop stronger circadian rhythms as a result (Tsai et al\n2012).\n\n4\\. Try infant massage.\n\nA recent experiment found that mothers assigned to massage their newborns with\nlotion at bedtime experienced better newborn sleep outcomes than mothers who\nmassaged without lotion and mothers in a control group who didn't massage at\nall.\n\nAfter one month, newborns massaged with lotion were falling asleep faster,\nstaying asleep longer, and awakening at night less often. Mothers using lotion\nactually massaged their infants more frequently, which may explain the results\n(Field et al 2016). An earlier study found that infant massage helped newborns\ndevelop more mature patterns of melatonin secretion (Ferber 2002).\n\nThe takeaway? More research is needed on this topic (Bennett et al 2013), but\nmeanwhile, this seems worth a try.\n\n5\\. Do you pump and store breast milk? Consider keeping a record of what time\nof day you express.\n\nBreast milk contains tryptophan, an amino acid that is used by the body to\nmanufacture melatonin. Tryptophan levels rise and fall according to maternal\ncircadian rhythms, and when infants consume tryptophan before bedtime, they\nfall asleep faster (Steinberg et al 1992).\n\nIt's therefore possible that breastfeeding helps newborn sleep patterns\nsynchronize with the 24-hour day (Cubero et al 2005). This hypothesis was\ntested by feeding infants formula fortified with varying concentrations of\ntryptophan. When infants were given low levels of tryptophan during the day\nand high concentrations at night (mimicking the natural fluctuations of breast\nmilk), infants fell asleep faster at night and got more sleep overall (Cubero\net al 2007).\n\n### Newborn sleep cycles: Why newborns are light sleepers\n\nWhen adults first fall asleep, we pass through a couple of light sleep stages,\nand then plunge into a bout of deep sleep.\n\nAfterwards, we switch into REM, or \"rapid eye movement\" sleep, a sleep stage\nfamous for its association with dreaming, and the loss of muscle tone. We\ndon't move much during REM.\n\nWhen REM is over, we either awaken, or return to light sleep and begin the\ncycle again. For the average adult, a single sleep cycle lasts about 90-100\nminutes. We may partially awaken many times during the night. But we're more\nlikely to wake up \"all the way\" during transitions between stages, during\nlight sleep, and during REM.\n\nNewborn sleep is also characterized by sleep stages and cycles, but there are\ncrucial differences.\n\nFirst, babies typically begin their sleep bouts in the newborn equivalent of\nREM (sometimes called \"active sleep\").\n\nSecond, newborns in REM don't usually experience muscle atonia.\n\nUnlike us, they may thrash around, stretch, twitch, and even vocalize. The\nresults can fool parents into thinking their babies are waking up, when they\nare actually experiencing normal REM sleep.\n\nThird, newborn sleep cycles are shorter -- around 50-55 minutes for the\naverage infant -- and REM makes up a much bigger proportion of sleep.\n\nIt's not unusual for newborns to spend more than half their total sleep time\nin REM (Grigg-Damberger 2016). Indeed, several studies suggest that, over the\ncourse of a 24 hour day, some newborns spent may spend as much as 75% of their\nsleep time in active sleep (e.g., Poblano et al 2007; Sadeh et al 1996).\n\nFourth, while newborns do experience something roughly analogous to deep\nsleep, this stage, called \"quiet sleep,\" is potentially dangerous.\n\nCharacterized by slower, more rhythmic breathing, quiet sleep appears more\nrestful (Grigg-Damberger 2016). But it's harder for babies to awaken from\nquiet sleep, which can cause trouble if the baby isn't getting enough oxygen.\n\nThis may explain why newborns don't oblige exhausted parents by lapsing into\nlong periods of deep sleep. It's too risky. Instead, the typical 50-55 minute\nnewborn sleep cycle includes only about 20 minutes of quiet sleep. The rest of\nthe time, babies are either in REM or in \"transitional sleep,\" a rather\nrestless state that looks like a mash-up of active and quiet sleep, and which\nscientists don't yet understand (Grigg-Damberget 2016).\n\nPut this all together, and you can see why parents feel their babies are such\nlight (and erratic) sleepers. Like adults, newborns are more likely to awaken\nduring REM, and during transitions between sleep stages. But unlike adults,\nnewborns spend a lot more time in REM, and they transition between cycles more\nfrequently.\n\nAnd parents may sometimes mistake REM restlessness for waking -- and attempt\nto interact with or soothe a baby at the wrong time. In short, there are lots\nof opportunities for babies to wake up -- or get awakened unnecessarily.\n\nThis sounds like a raw deal for parents. But newborns probably benefit from\nbeing light sleepers. Having a low threshold of arousal may protect babies\nfrom SIDS, and active sleep might be crucial for a newborn's brain development\n(Heraghty et al 2008; Seigel 2005).\n\nAnd if we understand the peculiar nature of newborn REM, we can learn to avoid\njumping in too soon when we think a baby is awakening or signalling for us.\n\nA baby who seems to be waking up may, if left alone, go back to sleep very\nrapidly.\n\n### How to keep your light sleeper from waking up all the way\n\n1\\. Don't rush in the moment you think your baby has awakened.\n\nAs noted above, babies experience frequent arousals, but that doesn't mean\nthey are doomed to wake up \"all the way\" every few minutes. Babies often jerk,\nsigh, or vocalize during partial arousals. If you avoid stimulating them\nduring these moments, they may go back to sleep on their own.\n\n2\\. Tank up the baby before you go to sleep.\n\nWhether you breastfeed or bottle-fed, try to give the baby an especially large\nmeal before your own bedtime. This will encourage your baby to sleep longer.\nTo learn more about this approach, see this Parenting Science guide to \"Dream\nfeeding.\"\n\n3\\. If you feed your baby formula, try to find one that includes DHA.\n\nDHA is a fatty acid found in fish oil and other dietary sources. It's\nimportant for brain development, and may play a role in shaping sleep patterns\nas well.\n\nIn one study, children who consumed low levels of DHA had reduced amount of\nslow-wave (deep) sleep (Faglioli et al 1989). In another study, pregnant women\nwith higher blood levels of DHA gave birth to babies who spent more time in\nquiet sleep (Cheruku et al 2002).\n\nDHA is found in breast milk, so it's plausible (though unproven) that boosting\na nursing mother's DHA intake could improve a newborn's sleep patterns. If you\nuse formula, it seems like a good idea to find a baby formula that contains\nDHA.\n\n4\\. Check out my article on baby sleep aids.\n\nThere you'll find tips for improving newborn sleep, and avoiding practices\nthat are either unhelpful or potentially hazardous.\n\n## What about you? Tips for improving your own sleep\n\nNewborn sleep patterns take their toll on parents. In a study tracking the\nsleep patterns of mothers from pregnancy through the postpartum period,\nmaternal sleep worsened after childbirth and continued to deteriorate until\nabout 12 weeks postpartum (Kang et al 2002)—-the time when newborn sleep\npatterns begin to show marked circadian rhythms (Nishihara et al 2000).\n\nTwelve weeks isn't forever, but it can seem like it when you are severely\nsleep restricted. As you struggle to cope with newborn sleep patterns, don't\nforget to look after yourself. Here are some tips to help you cope.\n\n### 1\\. Appreciate the power of a 30-minute nap\n\nWhen you're running up an enormous sleep debt, you might think a 30-minute nap\nwill make little difference to your health.\n\nBut recent research confirms that all naps are not the same. When you're sleep\ndeprived, the brain compensates by rendering naps more restorative than usual.\n\nIn one study, volunteers permitted to sleep only 2 hours at night showed the\ntypical abnormalities in their stress hormone and immune factor chemistry. But\nafter just two 30-minute naps, those irregularities were entirely normalized\n(Faraut et al 2015b).\n\nIn another study, volunteers coping with a 2-hour nightly regimen experienced\nheightened pain sensitivity -- a common symptom of sleep deprivation. But once\nagain, the effect was reversed after just two 30-minute naps (Faraut et al\n2015a).\n\n### 2\\. Don't assume that it's pointless to lie down if you don't fall asleep.\nYou might pass into a state of drowsy, semi-conscious sleep -- and reap some\nbenefits.\n\nToo wired to \"sleep when the baby sleeps\"? If so, keep in mind that quiet\nresting is better than nothing. In fact, if you are lying down with your eyes\nclosed, you might be asleep without realizing it.\n\nIn numerous lab studies, subjects who were awakened from the first stage of\nsleep often denied that they were asleep at all (Dement and Vaughan 1999). A\nnap that consists only of stage 1 sleep might not help you improve your\nreaction times, but it will probably make you feel less tired. And if you\nmanage to slip into the second stage of sleep -- even for just 3 minutes --\nyour nap may have recuperative effects (Hayashi et al 2005).\n\n### 3\\. Don't play the blame game.\n\nBrooding about the situation will make it harder for you to fall asleep when\nyou are given the opportunity. And it's wrong-headed, too: You might be doing\neverything you can to get more sleep, and still be stuck with a baby who\nsleeps less than average.\n\nResearch suggests that the amount of sleep we get at night is strongly\ninfluenced by genetics (Touchette et al 2013), and, as mentioned above, there\nis a lot of individual variation among newborns.\n\n### 4\\. Don't assume that breastfeeding will make you more sleepless than\nformula feeding.\n\nOne study reported that the parents of breastfed babies averaged 40-45 minutes\nmore sleep time than did the parents of formula-fed babies (Doan et al 2007).\n\n### 5\\. If you are breastfeeding, you are likely to get more sleep if you keep\nyour baby nearby.\n\nThe World Health Organization recommends that babies share a bedroom with\ntheir parents, and it's a recommendation that makes breastfeeding less\ndisruptive. A recent study found that breastfeeding women got more sleep when\nthey co-slept with baby (Quillin and Glenn 2004). In fact, mothers who co-\nslept and breastfed got more sleep than did mothers who bottle-fed their\nbabies (Quillin and Glenn 2004).\n\n### 6\\. If your baby is asleep, don't worry about changing diapers.\n\nIf your baby can't sleep because she needs a diaper change, she'll let you\nknow. And a little urine is unlikely to awaken her anyway. In a recent\nexperiment, researchers injected water into the diapers of sleeping infants to\nsee if this would wake them up (Zotter et al 2007). It didn't.\n\n### 7\\. Get sunlight and avoid artificial lighting at night.\n\nMake sure you expose yourself and your baby to bright light during the day.\nAnd keep lights out--or at least dimmed--after sunset.\n\nAs noted above, natural lighting helps influence newborn sleep patterns. But\nit also helps you keep your own circadian rhythms from drifting, which is\nimportant if you are going avoid insomnia and be a source of daytime cues for\nyour newborn.\n\n### 8\\. Let a friend or family member watch your baby while you take a nap,\neven if this means your breastfed baby will take some meals from a bottle.\n\nLactation experts often discourage breastfeeding mothers from bottle feeding\nbabies for the first 3-4 weeks. The worry is that supplemental feeds will lead\nto a decreased milk supply and endanger successful breastfeeding in the long-\nterm.\n\nBut you need to balance this against the negative effects of severe sleep\nrestriction. Lack of sleep puts parents at increased risk of illness and\npostpartum depression, which is bad for parents and babies. If you are at the\nend of your rope, get help.\n\n### 9\\. Trust your instincts, and get help when you feel stressed\n\nIf something feels wrong with you or the baby, talk to your physician. And\nremember that your own mental health is crucial.\n\nCoping with sleep deprivation is very stressful, especially if your infant\nseems to be especially fussy or prone to crying. Watch for signs of postpartum\nstress and postpartum depression, and reach out to others for support.\n\n### 10\\. Remember that things will get better\n\nNewborns have special sleep patterns and special needs. But things will start\nto get better around 12 weeks postpartum.\n\n### More reading relevant to newborn sleep\n\nFor more information about babies and sleep, see these fully-referenced\nParenting Science articles.\n\nCopyright © 2006-2021 by Gwen Dewar, Ph.D.; all rights reserved. For\neducational purposes only. If you suspect you have a medical problem, please\nsee a physician.\n\n### References: What scientific studies say about newborn sleep\n\nAnders TF. 1979. Night-waking in infants during the first year of life.\nPediatrics 63: 860-864.\n\nBennett C, Underdown A, and Barlow J. 2013. Massage for promoting mental and\nphysical health in typically developing infants under the age of six months.\nCochrane Database Syst Rev. 2013 Apr 30;4:CD005038. doi:\n10.1002/14651858.CD005038.pub3.\n\nCheruku SR, Montgomery-Downs HE, Farkas SL, Thoman EB, and Lammi-Keefe CJ.\n2002. Higher maternal plasma docosahexaenoic acid during pregnancy is\nassociated with more mature neonatal sleep-state patterning. Am J Clin Nutr\n76:608-13.\n\nCubero J, Valero V, Sánchez J, Rivero M, Parvez H, Rodríguez AB, Barriga C.\n2005. The circadian rhythm of tryptophan in breast milk affects the rhythms of\n6-sulfatoxymelatonin and sleep in newborn. Neuro Endocrinol Lett.\n26(6):657-61.\n\nCubero J, Narciso D, Terrón P, Rial R, Esteban S, Rivero M, Parvez H,\nRodríguez AB, Barriga C. 2007. Chrononutrition applied to formula milks to\nconsolidate infants' sleep/wake cycle. Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 28(4):360-6.\n\nCustodio RJ, Junior CE, Milani SL, Simões AL, de Castro M, Moreira AC. 2007.\nThe emergence of the cortisol circadian rhythm in monozygotic and dizygotic\ntwin infants: the twin-pair synchrony. Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 66(2):192-7.\n\nDement W and Vaughan C. 1999. The promise of sleep. New York: Random House.\n\nDoan T, Gardiner A, Gay CL, Lee KA. 2007 Breast-feeding increases sleep\nduration of new parents. J Perinat Neonatal Nurs. 21(3):200-6.\n\nFaglioli I, Barconcini P, Ricour C, and Salzarulo P. 1998. Decrease of slow-\nwave sleep in children with prolonged absence of essential lipids intake.\nSleep 12: 495-499.\n\nFaraut B, Léger D, Medkour T, Dubois A, Bayon V, Chennaoui M, Perrot S. 2015a.\nNapping reverses increased pain sensitivity due to sleep restriction. PLoS\nOne. 10(2):e0117425.\n\nFaraut B, Nakib S, Drogou C, Elbaz M, Sauvet F, De Bandt JP, Léger D. 2015b.\nNapping reverses the salivary interleukin-6 and urinary norepinephrine changes\ninduced by sleep restriction. J Clin Endocrinol Metab. 100(3):E416-26.\n\nFerber SG, Laudon M, Kuint J, Weller A, Zisapel N. 2002. Massage therapy by\nmothers enhances the adjustment of circadian rhythms to the nocturnal period\nin full-term infants. J Dev Behav Pediatr. 23(6):410-5.\n\nField T, Gonzalez G, Diego M, Mindell J. 2016. Mothers massaging their\nnewborns with lotion versus no lotion enhances mothers' and newborns' sleep.\nInfant Behav Dev. 45(Pt A):31-37.\n\nFreudigman KA and Thoman EB. 1998. Infants' earliest sleep/wake organization\ndiffers as a function of delivery mode. Dev Psychobiol. 32(4):293-303.\n\nGrigg-Damberger MM. 2016. The Visual Scoring of Sleep in Infants 0 to 2 Months\nof Age. J Clin Sleep Med. 12(3):429-45.\n\nIglowstein I, Jenni OG, Molinari L, Largo RH. 2003. Sleep duration from\ninfancy to adolescence: Reference values and generational trends. Pediatrics\n111(2): 302-307.\n\nHarrison Y. 2004. The relationship between daytime exposure to light and\nnight-time sleep in 6-12-week-old infants. J Sleep Res. 13(4):345-52.\n\nHayashi M, Motoyoshi N, Hori T. 2005. Recuperative power of a short daytime\nnap with or without stage 2 sleep. Sleep. 28(7):829-36.\n\nHeraghty JL, Hilliard TN, Henderson AJ, and Fleming PJ. 2008. The physiology\nof sleep in infants. Arch Dis Child. 2008 Nov;93(11):982-5.\n\nHorne RSC, Parslow PM, Ferens D, Watts AM, and Adamson TM. 2004. Comparison of\nevoked arousability in breast and formula fed infants. Arch Dis Child 89:\n22-25.\n\nHugelin A. 1982. Mechanisms of respiratory control during sleep and\nwakefulness: implications in newborn sleep apnoea. Electroencephalogr Clin\nNeurophysiol Suppl. 36:625-30.\n\nIwata S, Fujita F, Kinoshita M, Unno M, Horinouchi T, Morokuma S, Iwata O.\n2017. Dependence of nighttime sleep duration in one-month-old infants on\nalterations in natural and artificial photoperiod. Sci Rep. 7:44749.\n\nJenni OG, DeBoer T, and Acherman P. 2006. Development of the 24h rest-activity\npattern in human infants. Infant behavior and development 29: 143-152.\n\nKang MJ, Matsumoto K, Shinkoda H, Mishima M, Yeo YJ. 2002. Longitudinal study\nfor sleep-wake behaviours of mothers from pre-partum to post-partum using\nactigraph and sleep logs. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 56(3):251-2.\n\nKato I, Franco P, Grosswasser J, Scaillet S, et al. 2003. Incomplete arousal\nprocesses in infants who were victims of sudden death. Am J Respir Crit Care\nMed 168: 1298-1303.\n\nKennaway DJ, Goble FC and Stamp GE. 1996. Factors influencing the development\nof melatonin rhythmicity in humans. Journal of Clinical Endocrinology &\nMetabolism, Vol 81, 1525-1532\n\nKorte J, Hoehn T, Siegmund R. 2004. Actigraphic recordings of activity-rest\nrhythms of neonates born by different delivery modes. Chronobiol Int.\n21(1):95-106\n\nLohr B, Siegmund R. 1999. Ultradian and circadian rhythms of sleep-wake and\nfood-intake behavior during early infancy. Chonobiology international 16(2):\n129-148.\n\nMatsuoka M, Segawa M, and Higurashi M. 1991. The Development of Sleep and\nWakefulness Cycle in Early Infancy and Its Relationship to Feeding Habit. The\nTohoku Journal of Experimental Medicine 165 (2):147-154.\n\nMcNamara F, Lijowska AS, and Thach BT. 2002. Spontaneous arousal activity in\ninfants during NREM and REM sleep. J Physiol 538: 263-269.\n\nMirmiran M, Maas YG, Ariagno RL. 2003. Development of fetal and neonatal sleep\nand circadian rhythms. Sleep Med Rev. 7(4):321-34.\n\nNishihara K, Horiuchi S, Eto H, Uchida S. 2000. The development of infants'\ncircadian rest-activity rhythm and mothers' rhythm. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci.\n54(3):305-6\n\nPinilla T and Birch LL. 1993. Help me make it through the night: Behavioral\nentrainment of breasfed infants’ sleep patterns. Pediatrics 91: 436-444.\n\nPoblano A, Haro R, and Arteaga C. 2007. Neurophysiologic measurement of\ncontinuity in the sleep of fetuses during the last week of pregnancy and in\nnewborns. Int J Biol Sci. 4(1):23-8.\n\nQuillin SI and Glenn LL. 2004. Interaction between feeding method and co-\nsleeping on maternal-newborn sleep. J Obstet gynecol Neonatal Nurs 33(5):\n580-588.\n\nRivkees SA, Mayes L, Jacobs H, Gross I. 2004. Rest-activity patterns of\npremature infants are regulated by cycled lighting. Pediatrics. 113(4):833-9.\n\nSadeh A, Dark I, and Vohr BR. 1996. Newborns' sleep-wake patterns: the role of\nmaternal, delivery and infant factors. Early Hum Dev. 44(2):113-26\n\nSiegel JM. 2005. Functional implications of sleep development. PLoS Biology\n3(5): 756-758.\n\nThomas KA and Burr R. 2002. Preterm infant temperature circadian rhythm:\npossible effect of parental cosleeping. Biol Res Nurs. 3(3):150-9.\n\nTorres-Farfan C, Rocco V, Monsó C, Valenzuela FJ, Campino C, Germain A,\nTorrealba F, Valenzuela GJ, and Seron-Ferre M. 2006. Maternal melatonin\neffects on clock gene expression in a nonhuman primate fetus. Endocrinology.\n147(10):4618-26.\n\nTouchette E, Dionne G, Forget-Dubois N, Petit D, Pérusse D, Falissard B,\nTremblay RE, Boivin M, and Montplaisir JY. 2013. Genetic and environmental\ninfluences on daytime and nighttime sleep duration in early childhood.\nPediatrics 131(6):e1874-80.\n\nTsai SY, Thomas KA, Lentz MJ, Barnard KE.2012. Light is beneficial for infant\ncircadian entrainment: an actigraphic study. J Adv Nurs. 68(8):1738-47.\n\nVan Sleuwen BE, Englelberts AC, Boere-Boonekamp MM, Kuis W, Schulpen TWJ, and\nL’Hoir MP. 2007. Swaddling: A systematic review. Pediatrics 120: e1097-1106.\n\nWahnschaffe A, Haedel S, Rodenbeck A, Stoll C, Rudolph H, Kozakov R, Schoepp\nH, and Kunz D. 2013. Out of the lab and into the bathroom: evening short-term\nexposure to conventional light suppresses melatonin and increases alertness\nperception. Int J Mol Sci. 14(2):2573-89.\n\nWulff K, Siegmund R. 2002.[Emergence of circadian rhythms in infants before\nand after birth: evidence for variations by parental influence]. Z\nGeburtshilfe Neonatol. 206(5):166-71. Review. German.\n\nZotter H, Urlesberger B, Pichler G, Mueller W, Kerbl R. 2007. Do wet diapers\ninduce arousals in sleeping infants? Acta Paediatr. 96(3):452-3.\n\nContent of \"Newborn sleep patterns\" last modified 9/17\n\nImage credits for \"Newborn sleep patterns\"\n\ntitle imagine of newborn sleeping by Jessica Merz/flickr\n\nimage of mother kissing newborn ©iStockphoto.com/Shawn Gearhart\n\nimage of father and newborn by Patrik-Hagglund / wikimedia commons\n\nimage of newborn with pacifier\n\nimage of tired mother with sleeping newborn by istock\n\nPRIVACY POLICY\n\n#### Share It\n\nVisit the Parenting Science Store.\n\n#### Follow Us\n\nAttachment Attention deficits Babies Breastfeeding Crying Diet and nutrition\nEmpathy Friendships Intelligence Odds and Ends Parenting styles Praise\nPreschool math\n\nPreschool science School Science education Self-control Sleep Social skills\nSpanking Stress Toys and games Toilet training Video games Terms of use\n\nPowered by SBI\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/getting-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210621024042/https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/getting-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Getting Baby to Sleep Through the Night",
"passages": [
"Up to the time he was 10 months old, my son David had always been a good sleeper. Then my family moved into a new house, and all of a sudden, all bets were off. He began waking two, sometimes three times a night. I was sure he was just unsettled by the change and would return to his old ways soon. But after we tried every trick in the book only to suffer more sleepless nights, we caved in. One night when he called out, I scooped him up and brought him into our bed. We all slept soundly, and I was feeling pretty good -- until I spoke with a friend later that morning.",
"\"Don't you know that you've opened a can of worms?\" she scolded. \"Now you'll never get him back into his crib!\"",
"Picturing endless sleepless nights ahead, I panicked, and it's no wonder. Getting a baby to sleep consistently through the night can seem like the ultimate unattainable goal. But after I spent just a few nights leaving my son in his crib when he cried for me and gently encouraging him -- \"You're okay, David, just go back to sleep!\" -- from the hallway, he quickly resumed his old sleep habits. And experts say that with some patience and effort, most parents will be able to solve their child's sleeping problems, too.",
"During the first weeks of life, you can't expect a baby to sleep through the night. In fact, there is no typical sleeping pattern for newborns; the only thing you can count on is that they sleep around the clock for varying periods, ranging from a few minutes to a few hours. So why can't they sleep consistently for long periods? Blame it all on biology. An immature brain is the primary reason.",
"\"People have a genetic timing mechanism in their brain that controls sleep, and it takes time for that mechanism to develop,\" explains Marc Weissbluth, MD, professor of clinical pediatrics at Northwestern University's Feinberg School of Medicine, in Chicago, and author of Healthy Sleep Habits, Happy Child (Ballantine). \"Think of it like eye color: Babies are born with a genetic predisposition to a certain eye color, but it takes time for that color to be expressed.\"",
"A need to feed is another factor. Many experts believe that newborn babies have to eat frequently, particularly breastfed babies: There's no way to tell how much a breastfed baby is eating at each feeding, so breastfeeding mothers may be more likely to fully awaken a stirring baby to feed.",
"Bottlefed babies, on the other hand, may sleep for longer periods because formula takes longer to digest and leaves baby feeling fuller longer. \"But babies who have birth defects and are fed continuously by tube for the first several weeks of life show the same process of sleep maturation as other babies,\" notes Dr. Weissbluth. He believes that ultimately, \"Sleep comes from the brain, not the stomach.\"",
"Regardless of studies and experts, until she is at least 6 weeks old, a newborn baby will undoubtedly wake several times during the night. Around the 6-week mark, many babies show subtle signs of organizing their sleep. They may get drowsy at 6 or 7 p.m. and may sleep at night for consecutive blocks of four hours or more.",
"At about 3 months, most can adhere to a sleep schedule that includes a morning nap, an afternoon nap, and two or more longer blocks of sleep at night. According to a poll of primary caregivers by the National Sleep Foundation (NSF), a nonprofit organization, by 9 months some 70 to 80 percent of babies are sleeping a straight 9 to 12 hours every night.",
"That's great news -- unless yours is one of the 20 to 30 percent of babies who don't sleep so well. \"My son was a horrible sleeper!\" recalls Lisa Henahan of Peachtree City, Georgia. \"Until he was 15 months, he would sleep for an hour and a half and then wake for an hour -- all night long!\"",
"To exhausted parents it seems that there are as many sleep issues as there are children. But most babies fall into the following categories:",
"A common phenomenon during the early weeks of life, day-night reversals often clear up with a little time and a lot of daylight. Try exposing your baby to bright light or sunshine in the morning hours and keep the lights dim in the evening. It also helps to move your baby to a busy part of the house throughout the day, play with him during the daytime, and wake him for daytime feedings.",
"Then, keep your interactions with him quiet and subdued at night. As babies approach the age of 6 weeks, they begin to respond more to environmental cues, so it helps to have a bedtime routine such as a bath and a song. It may take several weeks, and a baby this young still probably won't sleep through the night, but he may consolidate his sleep into two large blocks at night.",
"From around 6 months on, a baby should be able to make it through the night without a middle-of-the-night feeding and without waking his parents. But that doesn't mean he's sleeping all those hours. The term \"sleeping through the night\" is misleading, points out Lawrence Balter, PhD, professor of applied psychology at New York University, in New York, and editor of Parenthood in America: An Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO, 2000). \"All people -- including babies -- wake and put themselves back to sleep several times a night without realizing it,\" he says. \"That's something babies need to learn to do.\"",
"Some kids learn on their own; others need a little help. There are several ways to teach your baby to soothe himself to sleep. Most of them involve listening to some crying. So how do you stay focused amid the tears? Remember that crying isn't going to harm your baby. And the reward -- a good night's sleep for all -- is worth a few teary nights.",
"This method was developed by pediatric sleep expert Richard Ferber, MD, author of Solve Your Child's Sleep Problems (Simon & Schuster, 1986). He advises parents to check periodically on their baby when she awakens at night. Here's a sketch of how it works: On the first night, when you hear your baby cry, you go in, give her a reassuring pat, and then leave. If she's crying 5 minutes later, you repeat the process, but this time you wait 10 minutes before going in, increasing the time in five-minute increments. The second night, you start at 10 minutes. Dr. Ferber's system has worked for many families.",
"\"We're trying the Ferber method for my 7-month-old, but I can't stand the crying. Is there another, less drastic way to sleep-train my baby?\"",
"There are also ways of making gradual changes within the routine you already have, notes Jodi Mindell, PhD, associate director of the Sleep Disorders Center at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and author of Sleeping Through the Night (HarperCollins, 1997). If you've been putting your baby to sleep by rocking her in a chair, for example, start by just sitting in the chair together. \"Then choose the next step -- putting your baby in his crib and holding his hand.",
"\"A few days later, you can sit three feet away from your child's bed,\" Mindell says. Within a few weeks, you should be able to work yourself out of the bedroom.",
"Some children respond better to a cold-turkey approach. If your baby cries, you don't go in her room (some parents call reassuringly from the hall). This is not for the faint of heart, and, as Balter points out, is better for younger babies. An 8-month-old may be able to sit or stand in her crib, which makes it hard for her to settle down if her calls aren't answered.",
"For many parents, a final obstacle to an uninterrupted night is that middle- of-the-night feeding. If your baby no longer needs to be fed at night (check with your pediatrician to be sure), simply stop giving him the bottle or breast when he calls for it. Alternatively, you can use a sequence of progressive steps, which might include offering him diluted formula or breast milk for a few nights and then gradually replacing it with water. He may not find it as appealing as milk, and, subsequently, won't cry for it.",
"Chances are, there's been some change, however subtle, in your child's routine. Everything from a vacation to an illness to an overnight guest can disrupt a young child's sleep schedule and cause her to awaken and need comforting. Some parents report that developmental milestones, such as learning to walk or use the potty, can also upset sleep patterns.",
"\"When a child takes a developmental leap forward, neurons are firing and there are probably connections being made in the brain,\" says Mindell. \"It's no wonder their sleep is disrupted.\" Most babies are also keen on practicing their new skills; when they wake in the night, sleep takes second place to getting up on all fours or babbling.",
"At times like this, you may need to repeat old steps, such as sitting in your baby's room for a few nights and gradually working your way back out. But don't despair; experts say children with established good sleep patterns will return to them pretty quickly.",
"If your baby isn't sleepy at the same time every night, her daytime sleep routine may need tweaking. \"Make sure to wake her at the same time each morning, keep naptimes consistent, and avoid letting baby nap after 4 p.m. A reasonable bedtime for a baby this age is around 7 or 7:30 p.m. If she wakes from a nap at 5:30, she's not going to be sleepy enough to go to bed then,\" says Mindell.",
"One strategy to avoid, however, is shortening her naps in the hope that this will make her sleepier at night. The fact is, overtired children have a hard time falling asleep. And evidence shows that babies aren't getting enough sleep as it is. Many experts recommend that infants ages 3 to 11 months get 14 to 15 hours of sleep daily, but according to the NSF poll, most babies get fewer than 13 hours.",
"Even if you've succeeded in creating a great sleeper, remember that every child occasionally has wakeful periods. When this happens, reassure yourself that you're not going to be sleepless forever. Says Peggy Nona, a Rochester, Minnesota, mother with two school-age girls, \"I used to worry about getting them to bed at night; now I worry about getting them out in the morning!\"",
"All content here, including advice from doctors and other health professionals, should be considered as opinion only. Always seek the direct advice of your own doctor in connection with any questions or issues you may have regarding your own health or the health of others.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Getting Baby to Sleep Through the Night | Parents\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Parents\n\nParents Parents\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Cozi Family Organizer this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\nMy Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Cozi Family Organizer this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Getting Baby to Sleep Through the Night\n\nAll babies will fall asleep eventually. Some just need a little more help than\nothers.\n\nBy Barbara Solomon\n\nJune 11, 2015\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print\n\nbaby sleeping\n\nCredit: PhotoAlto/ Matton\n\n## Pulling Baby out of the Crib\n\nUp to the time he was 10 months old, my son David had always been a good\nsleeper. Then my family moved into a new house, and all of a sudden, all bets\nwere off. He began waking two, sometimes three times a night. I was sure he\nwas just unsettled by the change and would return to his old ways soon. But\nafter we tried every trick in the book only to suffer more sleepless nights,\nwe caved in. One night when he called out, I scooped him up and brought him\ninto our bed. We all slept soundly, and I was feeling pretty good -- until I\nspoke with a friend later that morning.\n\n\"Don't you know that you've opened a can of worms?\" she scolded. \"Now you'll\nnever get him back into his crib!\"\n\nPicturing endless sleepless nights ahead, I panicked, and it's no wonder.\nGetting a baby to sleep consistently through the night can seem like the\nultimate unattainable goal. But after I spent just a few nights leaving my son\nin his crib when he cried for me and gently encouraging him -- \"You're okay,\nDavid, just go back to sleep!\" -- from the hallway, he quickly resumed his old\nsleep habits. And experts say that with some patience and effort, most parents\nwill be able to solve their child's sleeping problems, too.\n\n## The Impossible Dream\n\nDuring the first weeks of life, you can't expect a baby to sleep through the\nnight. In fact, there is no typical sleeping pattern for newborns; the only\nthing you can count on is that they sleep around the clock for varying\nperiods, ranging from a few minutes to a few hours. So why can't they sleep\nconsistently for long periods? Blame it all on biology. An immature brain is\nthe primary reason.\n\n\"People have a genetic timing mechanism in their brain that controls sleep,\nand it takes time for that mechanism to develop,\" explains Marc Weissbluth,\nMD, professor of clinical pediatrics at Northwestern University's Feinberg\nSchool of Medicine, in Chicago, and author of Healthy Sleep Habits, Happy\nChild (Ballantine). \"Think of it like eye color: Babies are born with a\ngenetic predisposition to a certain eye color, but it takes time for that\ncolor to be expressed.\"\n\nA need to feed is another factor. Many experts believe that newborn babies\nhave to eat frequently, particularly breastfed babies: There's no way to tell\nhow much a breastfed baby is eating at each feeding, so breastfeeding mothers\nmay be more likely to fully awaken a stirring baby to feed.\n\nBottlefed babies, on the other hand, may sleep for longer periods because\nformula takes longer to digest and leaves baby feeling fuller longer. \"But\nbabies who have birth defects and are fed continuously by tube for the first\nseveral weeks of life show the same process of sleep maturation as other\nbabies,\" notes Dr. Weissbluth. He believes that ultimately, \"Sleep comes from\nthe brain, not the stomach.\"\n\nRegardless of studies and experts, until she is at least 6 weeks old, a\nnewborn baby will undoubtedly wake several times during the night. Around the\n6-week mark, many babies show subtle signs of organizing their sleep. They may\nget drowsy at 6 or 7 p.m. and may sleep at night for consecutive blocks of\nfour hours or more.\n\nAt about 3 months, most can adhere to a sleep schedule that includes a morning\nnap, an afternoon nap, and two or more longer blocks of sleep at night.\nAccording to a poll of primary caregivers by the National Sleep Foundation\n(NSF), a nonprofit organization, by 9 months some 70 to 80 percent of babies\nare sleeping a straight 9 to 12 hours every night.\n\nThat's great news -- unless yours is one of the 20 to 30 percent of babies who\ndon't sleep so well. \"My son was a horrible sleeper!\" recalls Lisa Henahan of\nPeachtree City, Georgia. \"Until he was 15 months, he would sleep for an hour\nand a half and then wake for an hour -- all night long!\"\n\nIf your nights sound similar, rest assured, these tips can help parents solve\na range of stubborn sleep problems.\n\n## Sleep Tight, Baby\n\nTo exhausted parents it seems that there are as many sleep issues as there are\nchildren. But most babies fall into the following categories:\n\n\"My 2-month-old son sleeps all day and is up all night.\"\n\nA common phenomenon during the early weeks of life, day-night reversals often\nclear up with a little time and a lot of daylight. Try exposing your baby to\nbright light or sunshine in the morning hours and keep the lights dim in the\nevening. It also helps to move your baby to a busy part of the house\nthroughout the day, play with him during the daytime, and wake him for daytime\nfeedings.\n\nThen, keep your interactions with him quiet and subdued at night. As babies\napproach the age of 6 weeks, they begin to respond more to environmental cues,\nso it helps to have a bedtime routine such as a bath and a song. It may take\nseveral weeks, and a baby this young still probably won't sleep through the\nnight, but he may consolidate his sleep into two large blocks at night.\n\n\"My 7-month-old daughter won't sleep through the night. Why?\"\n\nFrom around 6 months on, a baby should be able to make it through the night\nwithout a middle-of-the-night feeding and without waking his parents. But that\ndoesn't mean he's sleeping all those hours. The term \"sleeping through the\nnight\" is misleading, points out Lawrence Balter, PhD, professor of applied\npsychology at New York University, in New York, and editor of Parenthood in\nAmerica: An Encyclopedia (ABC-CLIO, 2000). \"All people -- including babies --\nwake and put themselves back to sleep several times a night without realizing\nit,\" he says. \"That's something babies need to learn to do.\"\n\nSome kids learn on their own; others need a little help. There are several\nways to teach your baby to soothe himself to sleep. Most of them involve\nlistening to some crying. So how do you stay focused amid the tears? Remember\nthat crying isn't going to harm your baby. And the reward -- a good night's\nsleep for all -- is worth a few teary nights.\n\n## The Ferber Method\n\n\"My neighbor has recommended the Ferber method to help my 6-month-old sleep\nthrough the night. What is it?\"\n\nThis method was developed by pediatric sleep expert Richard Ferber, MD, author\nof Solve Your Child's Sleep Problems (Simon & Schuster, 1986). He advises\nparents to check periodically on their baby when she awakens at night. Here's\na sketch of how it works: On the first night, when you hear your baby cry, you\ngo in, give her a reassuring pat, and then leave. If she's crying 5 minutes\nlater, you repeat the process, but this time you wait 10 minutes before going\nin, increasing the time in five-minute increments. The second night, you start\nat 10 minutes. Dr. Ferber's system has worked for many families.\n\n\"We're trying the Ferber method for my 7-month-old, but I can't stand the\ncrying. Is there another, less drastic way to sleep-train my baby?\"\n\nThere are also ways of making gradual changes within the routine you already\nhave, notes Jodi Mindell, PhD, associate director of the Sleep Disorders\nCenter at The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and author of Sleeping\nThrough the Night (HarperCollins, 1997). If you've been putting your baby to\nsleep by rocking her in a chair, for example, start by just sitting in the\nchair together. \"Then choose the next step -- putting your baby in his crib\nand holding his hand.\n\n\"A few days later, you can sit three feet away from your child's bed,\" Mindell\nsays. Within a few weeks, you should be able to work yourself out of the\nbedroom.\n\n\"We've tried the Ferber method. My 6-month-old becomes enraged every time we\ngo in to soothe him. Any suggestions?\"\n\nSome children respond better to a cold-turkey approach. If your baby cries,\nyou don't go in her room (some parents call reassuringly from the hall). This\nis not for the faint of heart, and, as Balter points out, is better for\nyounger babies. An 8-month-old may be able to sit or stand in her crib, which\nmakes it hard for her to settle down if her calls aren't answered.\n\n## More Sleep Issues\n\n\"My 9-month-old insists on a 3 a.m. feeding. How can I get her to give it up?\"\n\nFor many parents, a final obstacle to an uninterrupted night is that middle-\nof-the-night feeding. If your baby no longer needs to be fed at night (check\nwith your pediatrician to be sure), simply stop giving him the bottle or\nbreast when he calls for it. Alternatively, you can use a sequence of\nprogressive steps, which might include offering him diluted formula or breast\nmilk for a few nights and then gradually replacing it with water. He may not\nfind it as appealing as milk, and, subsequently, won't cry for it.\n\n\"My 10-month-old son used to sleep through the night, but lately he's been\nwaking up all the time.\"\n\nChances are, there's been some change, however subtle, in your child's\nroutine. Everything from a vacation to an illness to an overnight guest can\ndisrupt a young child's sleep schedule and cause her to awaken and need\ncomforting. Some parents report that developmental milestones, such as\nlearning to walk or use the potty, can also upset sleep patterns.\n\n\"When a child takes a developmental leap forward, neurons are firing and there\nare probably connections being made in the brain,\" says Mindell. \"It's no\nwonder their sleep is disrupted.\" Most babies are also keen on practicing\ntheir new skills; when they wake in the night, sleep takes second place to\ngetting up on all fours or babbling.\n\nAt times like this, you may need to repeat old steps, such as sitting in your\nbaby's room for a few nights and gradually working your way back out. But\ndon't despair; experts say children with established good sleep patterns will\nreturn to them pretty quickly.\n\n\"How can I get my 8-month-old to go to sleep at the same time every night?\"\n\nIf your baby isn't sleepy at the same time every night, her daytime sleep\nroutine may need tweaking. \"Make sure to wake her at the same time each\nmorning, keep naptimes consistent, and avoid letting baby nap after 4 p.m. A\nreasonable bedtime for a baby this age is around 7 or 7:30 p.m. If she wakes\nfrom a nap at 5:30, she's not going to be sleepy enough to go to bed then,\"\nsays Mindell.\n\nOne strategy to avoid, however, is shortening her naps in the hope that this\nwill make her sleepier at night. The fact is, overtired children have a hard\ntime falling asleep. And evidence shows that babies aren't getting enough\nsleep as it is. Many experts recommend that infants ages 3 to 11 months get 14\nto 15 hours of sleep daily, but according to the NSF poll, most babies get\nfewer than 13 hours.\n\nEven if you've succeeded in creating a great sleeper, remember that every\nchild occasionally has wakeful periods. When this happens, reassure yourself\nthat you're not going to be sleepless forever. Says Peggy Nona, a Rochester,\nMinnesota, mother with two school-age girls, \"I used to worry about getting\nthem to bed at night; now I worry about getting them out in the morning!\"\n\nBarbara Solomon is a mother of three and a writer in Scarsdale, New York.\n\nOriginally published in American Baby magazine, July 2004.\n\nAll content here, including advice from doctors and other health\nprofessionals, should be considered as opinion only. Always seek the direct\nadvice of your own doctor in connection with any questions or issues you may\nhave regarding your own health or the health of others.\n\nAmerican Baby\n\n * By Barbara Solomon\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print\n\n## Comments (2)\n\nSort by: Newest\n\nNewest Oldest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Add a comment\n\nSuccess!\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Comment on this project\n\nSuccess!Thanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Parents\n\n * Diaper Bags\n * Maternity Clothing\n * Prenatal Vitamins\n * Car Seats\n * Breast Pumps\n * Maternity Dresses\n * Baby Shower Gifts\n * Baby Gates\n * Pregnancy Pillows\n * Kids Backpacks\n * Shop More\n\nParents may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\nlinks contained on this website.\n\nParents\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithParents.com is part of the Parents Network. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporation. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051361/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-six-and-nine-months",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422022748/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051361/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-six-and-nine-months",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What sleep strategies can I try between six and nine months?",
"passages": [
"There are lots of reasons why this could be happening now. When she wakes at night, and finds you’re not there, she may experience her first pangs of separation anxiety.",
"Separation anxiety is perfectly normal. It’s a phase many babies go through, and it often starts at around six months. It will pass as your baby gets older, and lots of cuddles in the meantime will help her through it.",
"Encourage your baby to settle herself to sleep at bedtime. Put her down for sleep when she’s still awake, but drowsy. This can help her learn how to fall asleep without you in the room, which in turn, may help her to soothe herself back to sleep when she wakes during the night.",
"If your baby struggles to settle herself to sleep at bedtime, it may be a good idea to think about sleep training. There are lots of sleep training approaches you can take, and many of them don’t involve your baby crying herself to sleep.",
"At this stage, your baby is busy reaching lots of milestones in her development. She may be learning to sit up, roll over, crawl, and even pull herself up to standing.",
"If she's waking in the night to practise her exciting new skill of sitting up, you'll need to teach her how to lie down again. It’s better to make this into a fun daytime activity that she can practise, instead of a night-time challenge when you’re both tired. Then stick to your chosen routine for getting her back to sleep.",
"From six months, your baby will be starting solid foods. As she starts to eat more during the day, she’ll need fewer milk feeds. She may give up her night- time feeds around this time, though many babies continue to have feeds at night for a few months more.",
"If you normally feed your baby to sleep, it may make things more difficult for you when you’re trying to reduce feeds at night or when you’re getting your little one into a bedtime routine. If this is true for you, try giving your baby a last feed before her bedtime story or song. This will help her to separate feeding from falling asleep.",
"If your baby is having a growth spurt, she may need more or less sleep than usual. Some babies can become more clingy, and feed more, during a growth spurt, disrupting sleep, whilst other babies need more shut-eye. So your baby could fall into either camp! If she’s waking up more, be consistent in encouraging her to settle herself back to sleep.",
"Most babies start cutting their first tooth at around six months, so your little one’s sleep may be disturbed by teething discomfort or pain. If her gums are red and swollen, massage them gently. You could use the round side of a teaspoon that's been in the fridge, or just a clean finger. There’s not much evidence that teething gels are effective, although plenty of parents say they help to relieve their baby’s discomfort.",
"If teething is making your baby very uncomfortable or upset, you can give her infant paracetamol. Check the information on the packet or ask your health visitor or pharmacist if you’re unsure how much to give her.",
"Sometimes, it’s difficult to put your finger on what’s disrupting your baby’s sleep. It’s possible that she could simply be overtired, which can make it harder to drift off. If you think this may be the case for your baby, try bringing bedtime forward a little, to see if that works. Her daytime nap schedule may also need tweaking. If she’s having a nap very late in the afternoon, she may not be ready for sleep when bedtime comes. Bringing forward or shortening her last nap of the day may help.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "What sleep strategies can I try between six and nine months? - BabyCentre UK\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Baby\n\nCommunity groups\n\nBirth ClubsBabiesBreastfeedingSolid foods and weaningSee all baby groups\n\nHome Baby Sleep Sleep problems and solutions\n\nQuestion\n\n# What sleep strategies can I try between six and nine months?\n\nExpert Answer\n\n## Harriet Gibbs\n\nHealth visitor\n\nFrom about six months, even if your baby has never had sleep problems, she may\nstart waking at night.\n\nThere are lots of reasons why this could be happening now. When she wakes at\nnight, and finds you’re not there, she may experience her first pangs of\nseparation anxiety.\n\nSeparation anxiety is perfectly normal. It’s a phase many babies go through,\nand it often starts at around six months. It will pass as your baby gets\nolder, and lots of cuddles in the meantime will help her through it.\n\nEncourage your baby to settle herself to sleep at bedtime. Put her down for\nsleep when she’s still awake, but drowsy. This can help her learn how to fall\nasleep without you in the room, which in turn, may help her to soothe herself\nback to sleep when she wakes during the night.\n\nIf your baby struggles to settle herself to sleep at bedtime, it may be a good\nidea to think about sleep training. There are lots of sleep training\napproaches you can take, and many of them don’t involve your baby crying\nherself to sleep.\n\nAt this stage, your baby is busy reaching lots of milestones in her\ndevelopment. She may be learning to sit up, roll over, crawl, and even pull\nherself up to standing.\n\nIf she's waking in the night to practise her exciting new skill of sitting up,\nyou'll need to teach her how to lie down again. It’s better to make this into\na fun daytime activity that she can practise, instead of a night-time\nchallenge when you’re both tired. Then stick to your chosen routine for\ngetting her back to sleep.\n\nFrom six months, your baby will be starting solid foods. As she starts to eat\nmore during the day, she’ll need fewer milk feeds. She may give up her night-\ntime feeds around this time, though many babies continue to have feeds at\nnight for a few months more.\n\nIf you normally feed your baby to sleep, it may make things more difficult for\nyou when you’re trying to reduce feeds at night or when you’re getting your\nlittle one into a bedtime routine. If this is true for you, try giving your\nbaby a last feed before her bedtime story or song. This will help her to\nseparate feeding from falling asleep.\n\nIf your baby is having a growth spurt, she may need more or less sleep than\nusual. Some babies can become more clingy, and feed more, during a growth\nspurt, disrupting sleep, whilst other babies need more shut-eye. So your baby\ncould fall into either camp! If she’s waking up more, be consistent in\nencouraging her to settle herself back to sleep.\n\nMost babies start cutting their first tooth at around six months, so your\nlittle one’s sleep may be disturbed by teething discomfort or pain. If her\ngums are red and swollen, massage them gently. You could use the round side of\na teaspoon that's been in the fridge, or just a clean finger. There’s not much\nevidence that teething gels are effective, although plenty of parents say they\nhelp to relieve their baby’s discomfort.\n\nIf teething is making your baby very uncomfortable or upset, you can give her\ninfant paracetamol. Check the information on the packet or ask your health\nvisitor or pharmacist if you’re unsure how much to give her.\n\nSometimes, it’s difficult to put your finger on what’s disrupting your baby’s\nsleep. It’s possible that she could simply be overtired, which can make it\nharder to drift off. If you think this may be the case for your baby, try\nbringing bedtime forward a little, to see if that works. Her daytime nap\nschedule may also need tweaking. If she’s having a nap very late in the\nafternoon, she may not be ready for sleep when bedtime comes. Bringing forward\nor shortening her last nap of the day may help.\n\nFind out more about sleep strategies you can try between nine and 12 months.\n\nLast reviewed: February 2020\n\n### Track your baby’s development\n\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\n\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\n\nadvertisement\n\nJoin BabyCentre\n\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\n\nMost popular in Baby\n\n * Download our free baby app\n * Milestone chart: one to six months\n * How to help your baby sleep through\n * Your complete weaning guide\n * Games to play with your baby\n * Free stuff and great deals\n\n * Community\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Find your birth club\n * Free antenatal classes\n * Meet local parents & parents-to-be\n\nPOPULAR GROUPS\n\n * Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n * What's your opinion on...? 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},
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"original_url": "https://www.babysleepsite.com/baby-sleep-patterns/sleep-regressions/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210515211143/https://www.babysleepsite.com/baby-sleep-patterns/sleep-regressions/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Baby Sleep Regressions: Ages & Everything You Need To Know to Handle",
"passages": [
"Get rid of frustrating baby sleep problems and heartbreaking tears with our baby sleep guides and sleep consultations that let you get the rest you need!",
"Sleep regressions at many ages. It’s a phrase you probably didn’t know existed before you had a baby, but now? Now that your baby is waking every 20 minutes, and you are exhausted beyond all reason? Now that your toddler is waging a fierce anti-nap campaign?",
"A sleep regression describes a period of time (~3 to 6 weeks) when a baby or toddler who has been sleeping well suddenly starts waking at night, taking short naps and/or skipping naps for no apparent reason. Parents often describe being caught totally off guard: you think you have conquered all your baby’s sleep challenges, when suddenly, out of nowhere, you’re back to constant night wakings and nonexistent naps.",
"Remember, every baby is different, so what is true for your friends’ babies may not necessarily be true for yours. That is, your baby or toddler may show true regression signs at some of these month markers, but not others.",
"That said, there are some ages during which most babies or toddlers go through a regression that affects their sleep:",
"This one’s permanent, parents! That is to say that the changes that happen with the 4 month sleep regression are permanent changes. By 4 months, your baby has ditched her babyish sleeping patterns and is sleeping more like an adult – and that translates into frequent night waking (and lots of fussing) along with shortened naps.",
"In my 10+ years of experience as a sleep consultant and working with thousands of families over the years, there isn’t a 6-month sleep regression. Some 6-month-olds do have sleep problems around this age, but there isn’t a 3 to 6-week period with chronic sleep problems like the other regressions listed on this page. Sleep regressions happen at many ages but not this one. Learn what’s really happening at 6-months old here:",
"The 8 month sleep regression is all thanks to the developmental milestones that are happening around 8 months, 9 months, and 10 months. At this stage, most babies are making great strides physically – learning to crawl, pull up, cruise, etc. There’s also a lot of brain development happening at this stage. Your baby is absorbing language like crazy!",
"Finally, most babies are cutting at least a few teeth during this season. Add it all up, and you get more night waking, shorter (or even skipped) naps, and one cranky baby on your hands.",
"The 9 month regression is really just a continuation of the one at 8 months. However, some babies don’t start this sleep regression until they turn 9 months old. There is nothing wrong with your baby if sleep was fine at 8 months old but not at 9 months old.",
"Just like the 9-month sleep regression, the 10-month sleep regression is really just the culmination of the regression at 8 or 9 months, depending on when your baby started this phase. The entire sleep regression lasts 3 to 6 weeks, on average, and some days/weeks will simply be better than others. The main difference with 10-month-olds is that many of them can stand up in their beds, which can complicate matters.",
"The 11-month nap regression doesn’t seem to affect as many of our clients as the other regressions do. It seems to be a less common one.",
"At any rate, this regression has a lot to do with naps – specifically, you might find that your baby suddenly starts refusing their second nap, and tries to get by with just one nap.",
"Lots of parents assume that this is a normal nap transition and that it means their little one is ready for just one nap a day.",
"However, we urge parents to treat this one as the temporary speedbump it most likely is instead. Most toddlers really aren’t ready to transition to just one nap a day until about 15-18 months old, on average.",
"The 12 month sleep regression is really the same as the 11 month regression, though if your toddler starts this one in the 12th month, it’s possible they will actually transition to just one nap early. Still, it’s better to be prudent and treat it as a phase for a few weeks to make sure.",
"At 15 months old, your child may be learning to walk and that could cause some disruption in sleep. But, generally speaking, if your 15-month old suddenly starts having some trouble sleeping, most likely, they are starting to transition to one nap. This is a very common age to start waking at night due to two naps being too much or perhaps your toddler stopped taking a second nap and is over-tired at bedtime. At this age, there isn’t a 3 to 6-week period of sleep problems that suddenly go away. Most of the sleep problems around this age are related to a schedule problem.",
"Oh, parents – this one is a doozie. Why? Because now your baby is a toddler – a walking, talking (well, babbling at least), tantrum-throwing toddler. This regression has a lot to do with your toddler’s new-found independence. She’s learning that – guess what – she has opinions and things! And – even better – she can express those opinions by shouting “NO!” at top volume! Separation anxiety also comes into play here; your toddler may genuinely be distressed when you leave at nap time, or when you walk out of the room at bedtime. Finally, teething is still a factor at 18 months – toddlers are often cutting molars (those big, painful teeth!) around this time.",
"To be honest, sleep problems at 2 years old are a little less straightforward than the others. That’s because there are a variety of factors that can cause it. For one thing, your 2-year old’s awake time is growing longer, but as he makes that transition, it can disrupt sleep.",
"Your 2-year-old is likely also going through some big life transitions, like potty training and transitioning to a big-kid bed (and maybe even getting a new sibling!) There are many milestones at 2 years old.",
"And, around 2 years of age, lots of toddlers begin having very real nightmares (or even night terrors). All of this can lead to a very real, very exhausting sleep regression around 2 years old.",
"You know the what, the why, and the when behind the common baby and toddler sleep regression – now how about the ‘how to’?",
"Well, for starters, remember that the 4 month sleep regression is a permanent change – there is no going back to the way things were. Once you are through the worst of that regression you will want to focus on helping your baby break her sleep associations, and on helping her learn to fall asleep without help from you. Once she can do that, she will be well on her way to sleeping through the night. And you’ll also be establishing a more predictable daytime schedule.",
"As for the other sleep regressions, here are a few tips to help you cope WITHOUT undoing all the sleep coaching progress you’ve made up to this point:",
"Don’t be afraid to offer extra feedings. Growth spurts can be a component of regressions that affect sleep, so don’t worry about offering an extra nighttime feeding (or even daytime feeding) here and there. Remember – this is temporary! You will eventually return to your normal schedule.",
"Offer comfort as needed, but avoid making new (or reinstating old) bad habits. You will definitely need to offer your baby or toddler plenty of extra kisses and cuddles during a sleep regression, and this is okay! But avoid creating new sleep associations – avoid rocking your baby to sleep regularly, or nursing her to sleep. Avoid reinstating old bad habits, too – if you have weaned your toddler off the pacifier, for example, don’t revert to offering the pacifier during a sleep regression.",
"Solicit help, and lean hard on your partner. These regressions last for a while (up to 4-6 weeks, in some cases!) And if you are doing your due diligence, and trying to cope while not creating new sleep associations, you are bound to get tired. This is the time to ask for help from anyone who will offer it! Have friends or family members help you (either with your little one or with the household management).",
"Offer an earlier bedtime if necessary. These regressions can lead to missed sleep, which can lead to overtiredness, which can quickly spiral into more missed sleep. Yikes! So to ward off exhaustion, offer an earlier bedtime if necessary.",
"The Baby Sleep Site® is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program and other product affiliate programs. If you click on a product link and make a purchase, The Baby Sleep Site® may (but not always) receive a small commission from the company selling the product, but will not affect your purchase price. We only recommend products that we believe are quality products and are good for our readers.",
"Struggling with your baby’s sleep? We can help. Since 2008, we have helped thousands of families around the world with their babies' sleep problems, and we can help you, too! Tap into 10+ years of experience and take a look at our consultation packages to see which one looks like a good fit for you.",
"Once you purchase, you will immediately receive access to the Helpdesk, and you can set up your account, fill out your family's sleep history survey, submit it to a sleep consultant, and get started on the journey to better sleep!",
"For those persistent nighttime struggles, check out The 3 Step System to Help Your Baby Sleep. Using the same unique approach and practical tools for success, this e-book helps you and your baby sleep through the night.",
"Or, join our VIP Members Area packed with exclusive content and resources: e-Books, assessments, detailed case studies, expert advice, peer support, and more. It actually costs less to join than buying products separately! As a VIP member, you’ll also enjoy a weekly chat with an expert sleep consultant. And the best part – members receive 20% off all sleep consultation services!",
"At this time, we are no longer accepting or answering blog comments. We would, of course, love to hear from you! For help with your specific sleep problems, please learn more about our DIY resources or our sleep consultation services. Or, consider emailing us for a fast and helpful response!",
"Hi, I'm Nicole Johnson. I'm determined to help you and your family sleep better and thrive. Are you ready for a personalized solution?",
"Nicole Johnson is the founder and lead sleep consultant of The Baby Sleep Site^®. Since she began in 2008, and with the help of her team of sleep consultants, she has helped over 40,000 families improve their sleep. She has also held a position on the board of the International Association of Child Sleep Consultants (IACSC) since 2015. Millions of visitors land on The Baby Sleep Site each year, and Nicole and her team are here to find solutions for your family’s sleep problems that will match your baby's temperament and your parenting style.",
"Help – Our 26 month has never slept through the night. We’ve had a bedtime routine since 4 weeks old. At 5 months we did a 5 night residential stay sleep program with mother craft nurses and got rid of sleep associations e.g. dummy. At 6.5 months we did CIO which got us from 15 waking to 5. At 9 months we had a private sleep consultant come stay with us overnight for a while. She said she couldn’t keep taking our money As nothing more to offer us. She suggested medical assessment. Medical assessment said nothing wrong. We were doing well for 6 months, 2 wakings per night but only for 15 mins. Since the regression hit we are back to being up for 3-4 hours per night with inconsolable crying between 11-5. Two neighbours are complaining. Nothing we do can comfort her. Naps are 1-2 hours and always finish by 3. Bedtime between 7:30-8 How long will this last? Do you have anything to offer that’s not routine / association based? We’ve had that assessed by a multitude of experts who agree we are ‘consistent’ with routine and no sleep associations to break. At my wits end and all the standard advice doesn’t seem to work.",
"* Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\nHi @Louise – Thank you for writing to us! I’m So sorry to hear that your family has been struggling with sleep for so long! You all must be exhausted. You’re not alone! We have helped many families that have not had success with other programs and/or sleep consultants, and we’ve been able to help them find their sleep. We’d love to help! We have a very holistic view and approach to helping families with their sleep. It’s all about the whole child and figuring out the right mix of everything for that individual child. Our approach is not only holistic, but also often involves breaking goals into pieces. We find that parents are most successful that way because they can slowly start to see progress and have more confidence in both themselves and their child. We are different than most sleep consultants in that we personalize advice for each individual family based on their history, goals, baby’s personality, and family philosophies. We do not make blanket statements either. We know that all families are truly unique and therefore will have unique needs and require a unique plan. I’d like to offer you a free 15 minute telephone evaluation with an expert sleep consultant, which I think will be really helpful for you. Ou can share all of your concerns with her, and she can give you great insight regarding if and how we can help, and which of our options may be the best fit for you. If interested, please schedule your free 15 minute evaluation here: https://www.babysleepsite.com/personalized-baby-sleep-evaluation Thank you again for writing to us Louise, and hang in there! If you have any additional questions, or if you need any assistance at all, please let us know. We’re here to help!",
"My 15 month old started doing split nights when I thought he was ready for 1 nap. I don’t think he was and now I’m trying to re-establish his 2 nap routine but his wakings are getting worse and worse, it’s been 5 weeks of 1-3 night wakings sometimes 2 hours long. I just don’t know where to start on how to get his sleeping back to normal and I’m so exhausted and his nighttime sleep is causing insane anxiety",
"* Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\nHi Sydni – Thanks for writing and sorry that your 15 month old is struggling with so many night wakings! That is so tough! Hopefully adding the 2nd nap back to the schedule/routine will help! Give it time to smooth out once the nap is back. I’d recommend checking out this sample schedule too, to be sure that he’s getting the right amount of sleep at the right times: https://www.babysleepsite.com/schedules/toddler-schedule/ Good luck Sydni and hang in there!",
"Just went through a horrible sleep regression starting at about 11.5 months and has slowly gotten better since she turned 13 months. We have also moved her into our bed with us which seemed to have helped with her not waking every hour at night. We also moved her down to one nap a day only. She is just not tired to take a second nap. I know 13 months they say is a little early but she seems ready and fine with only one nap. She is not overtired by bedtime. This girl has tons of energy and could care less about her naps. She is sleeping from 9pm – 8:30/9am. Her one nap is anywhere from 1hour to 1 hour and a half.",
"* Danielle says\nHi Jillian, Thank you for your comment here! I’m sorry to hear that your daughter’s last sleep regression was so awful, but I’m glad you’ve found a way to get her sleeping that works for your family. All children are different, and I know a lot of the families here reading the comments are always glad to see what worked for other folks, so thank you very much for sharing your experience with us!",
"I have twin girls who are almost 14 months old. They have slept very well for months now but in the last few days they are taking longer to settle at night. They are waking up later in the morning, I’m thinking as a result of them taking longer to get to sleep, & wonder of this is knocking off their schedule? They are still taking two naps but could they already be ready to drop to one nap, could this be a delayed sleep regression or could it most likely be teething?! I’m not sure what to do!",
"* Neosha says\n@Claire – Thank you for reading and for sharing with us! Toddlers this age do generally increase their abilities to stay awake for longer periods of time, which may be what you’re seeing. If you haven’t tweaked their schedules to account for this, that may be a good place to start. We do find that many babies drop down to one nap around 15-18 months, which is just around the corner. This transition can happen very quickly or linger and take months before it’s fully “done.” Hang in there and let us know if you need any further support!",
"My son is 8 months old, he used to nap an hour to 2 a day now he only naps maybe 30-45 minutes, just one nap. Goes to bed at 8, fights it forever when hes asleep he will wake up anywhere from 3-4 times a night and stay up. He is a very grumpy baby! I’m guessing 8 month sleep regression!",
"* Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\nHi @Chey – Thanks for writing! Yes! It sounds about right for this 8, 9, or 10 month sleep regression! it sounds like you’ve done you’re reading, so hang in there and I hope it passes quickly!",
"Join over 450,000 parents around the world & sign up today to receive the guide and our Baby Sleep Newsletter absolutely FREE!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Baby Sleep Regressions: Ages & Everything You Need To Know to Handle\n\nTop\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nDo you want more sleep? Yes! I need more sleep.\n\nThe Baby Sleep Site - Baby / Toddler Sleep Consultants\n\nGet rid of frustrating baby sleep problems and heartbreaking tears with our\nbaby sleep guides and sleep consultations that let you get the rest you need!\n\nHide Search\n\nNo products in the cart.\n\n## Off-Screen Content\n\n# Sleep Regressions: Ages and Everything You Need To Know to Handle Them\n\nby Nicole Johnson, Founder and Lead Sleep Consultant in Baby Sleep Patterns —\nLast Updated: January 17, 2021\n\nSleep regressions at many ages. It’s a phrase you probably didn’t know existed\nbefore you had a baby, but now? Now that your baby is waking every 20 minutes,\nand you are exhausted beyond all reason? Now that your toddler is waging a\nfierce anti-nap campaign?\n\nYeah – “sleep regression” is a phrase you’re probably familiar with!\n\n## Sleep Regressions: What They Are\n\nA sleep regression describes a period of time (~3 to 6 weeks) when a baby or\ntoddler who has been sleeping well suddenly starts waking at night, taking\nshort naps and/or skipping naps for no apparent reason. Parents often describe\nbeing caught totally off guard: you think you have conquered all your baby’s\nsleep challenges, when suddenly, out of nowhere, you’re back to constant night\nwakings and nonexistent naps.\n\nFrustrating, to say the least!!\n\n## Sleep Regression Ages: When (And Why) They Happen\n\nRemember, every baby is different, so what is true for your friends’ babies\nmay not necessarily be true for yours. That is, your baby or toddler may show\ntrue regression signs at some of these month markers, but not others.\n\nThat said, there are some ages during which most babies or toddlers go through\na regression that affects their sleep:\n\n## 4 Month Sleep Regression\n\nThis one’s permanent, parents! That is to say that the changes that happen\nwith the 4 month sleep regression are permanent changes. By 4 months, your\nbaby has ditched her babyish sleeping patterns and is sleeping more like an\nadult – and that translates into frequent night waking (and lots of fussing)\nalong with shortened naps.\n\nFind 4 month sleep regression help here:\n\n4 Month Sleep Regression Explained\n\n## 6 Month Sleep Regression? Or, a Growth Spurt?\n\nIn my 10+ years of experience as a sleep consultant and working with thousands\nof families over the years, there isn’t a 6-month sleep regression. Some\n6-month-olds do have sleep problems around this age, but there isn’t a 3 to\n6-week period with chronic sleep problems like the other regressions listed on\nthis page. Sleep regressions happen at many ages but not this one. Learn\nwhat’s really happening at 6-months old here:\n\n6 Month Old Sleep Regression or a Growth Spurt?\n\n## 8 Month Sleep Regression\n\nThe 8 month sleep regression is all thanks to the developmental milestones\nthat are happening around 8 months, 9 months, and 10 months. At this stage,\nmost babies are making great strides physically – learning to crawl, pull up,\ncruise, etc. There’s also a lot of brain development happening at this stage.\nYour baby is absorbing language like crazy!\n\nFinally, most babies are cutting at least a few teeth during this season. Add\nit all up, and you get more night waking, shorter (or even skipped) naps, and\none cranky baby on your hands.\n\n## 9 Month Sleep Regression\n\nThe 9 month regression is really just a continuation of the one at 8 months.\nHowever, some babies don’t start this sleep regression until they turn 9\nmonths old. There is nothing wrong with your baby if sleep was fine at 8\nmonths old but not at 9 months old.\n\n## 10 Month Sleep Regression\n\nJust like the 9-month sleep regression, the 10-month sleep regression is\nreally just the culmination of the regression at 8 or 9 months, depending on\nwhen your baby started this phase. The entire sleep regression lasts 3 to 6\nweeks, on average, and some days/weeks will simply be better than others. The\nmain difference with 10-month-olds is that many of them can stand up in their\nbeds, which can complicate matters.\n\nFind 8, 9, and 10 month sleep regression help here:\n\n8, 9, and 10 Month Sleep Regression Explained\n\n## 11 Month Sleep Regression\n\nThe 11-month nap regression doesn’t seem to affect as many of our clients as\nthe other regressions do. It seems to be a less common one.\n\nAt any rate, this regression has a lot to do with naps – specifically, you\nmight find that your baby suddenly starts refusing their second nap, and tries\nto get by with just one nap.\n\nLots of parents assume that this is a normal nap transition and that it means\ntheir little one is ready for just one nap a day.\n\nHowever, we urge parents to treat this one as the temporary speedbump it most\nlikely is instead. Most toddlers really aren’t ready to transition to just one\nnap a day until about 15-18 months old, on average.\n\n## 12 Month Regression\n\nThe 12 month sleep regression is really the same as the 11 month regression,\nthough if your toddler starts this one in the 12th month, it’s possible they\nwill actually transition to just one nap early. Still, it’s better to be\nprudent and treat it as a phase for a few weeks to make sure.\n\nFind 11 month or 12 month sleep regression help here:\n\nWhe Not All 12 Month Olds Transition to One Nap\n\n## 15 Month Sleep Problems\n\nAt 15 months old, your child may be learning to walk and that could cause some\ndisruption in sleep. But, generally speaking, if your 15-month old suddenly\nstarts having some trouble sleeping, most likely, they are starting to\ntransition to one nap. This is a very common age to start waking at night due\nto two naps being too much or perhaps your toddler stopped taking a second nap\nand is over-tired at bedtime. At this age, there isn’t a 3 to 6-week period of\nsleep problems that suddenly go away. Most of the sleep problems around this\nage are related to a schedule problem.\n\nLearn more about transitioning to one nap here:\n\nManaging Nap Transitions\n\n## 18 Month Sleep Regression\n\nOh, parents – this one is a doozie. Why? Because now your baby is a toddler –\na walking, talking (well, babbling at least), tantrum-throwing toddler. This\nregression has a lot to do with your toddler’s new-found independence. She’s\nlearning that – guess what – she has opinions and things! And – even better –\nshe can express those opinions by shouting “NO!” at top volume! Separation\nanxiety also comes into play here; your toddler may genuinely be distressed\nwhen you leave at nap time, or when you walk out of the room at bedtime.\nFinally, teething is still a factor at 18 months – toddlers are often cutting\nmolars (those big, painful teeth!) around this time.\n\nFind 18 month sleep regression help here:\n\nWhy the 18-Month Sleep Regression Can Be The Hardest\n\n## 2 Year Sleep Problems\n\nTo be honest, sleep problems at 2 years old are a little less straightforward\nthan the others. That’s because there are a variety of factors that can cause\nit. For one thing, your 2-year old’s awake time is growing longer, but as he\nmakes that transition, it can disrupt sleep.\n\nYour 2-year-old is likely also going through some big life transitions, like\npotty training and transitioning to a big-kid bed (and maybe even getting a\nnew sibling!) There are many milestones at 2 years old.\n\nAnd, around 2 years of age, lots of toddlers begin having very real nightmares\n(or even night terrors). All of this can lead to a very real, very exhausting\nsleep regression around 2 years old.\n\nFind help with the 2 year regression here: 5 Things About Your 2 Year Old’s\nSleep\n\n## How To Handle Regressions Effectively\n\nYou know the what, the why, and the when behind the common baby and toddler\nsleep regression – now how about the ‘how to’?\n\nAs in, “How the heck do I fix this and get back to my peaceful nights of sleep\nagain?!?!”\n\nWell, for starters, remember that the 4 month sleep regression is a permanent\nchange – there is no going back to the way things were. Once you are through\nthe worst of that regression you will want to focus on helping your baby break\nher sleep associations, and on helping her learn to fall asleep without help\nfrom you. Once she can do that, she will be well on her way to sleeping\nthrough the night. And you’ll also be establishing a more predictable daytime\nschedule.\n\nAs for the other sleep regressions, here are a few tips to help you cope\nWITHOUT undoing all the sleep coaching progress you’ve made up to this point:\n\n * Don’t be afraid to offer extra feedings. Growth spurts can be a component of regressions that affect sleep, so don’t worry about offering an extra nighttime feeding (or even daytime feeding) here and there. Remember – this is temporary! You will eventually return to your normal schedule.\n * Offer comfort as needed, but avoid making new (or reinstating old) bad habits. You will definitely need to offer your baby or toddler plenty of extra kisses and cuddles during a sleep regression, and this is okay! But avoid creating new sleep associations – avoid rocking your baby to sleep regularly, or nursing her to sleep. Avoid reinstating old bad habits, too – if you have weaned your toddler off the pacifier, for example, don’t revert to offering the pacifier during a sleep regression.\n * Solicit help, and lean hard on your partner. These regressions last for a while (up to 4-6 weeks, in some cases!) And if you are doing your due diligence, and trying to cope while not creating new sleep associations, you are bound to get tired. This is the time to ask for help from anyone who will offer it! Have friends or family members help you (either with your little one or with the household management).\n * Offer an earlier bedtime if necessary. These regressions can lead to missed sleep, which can lead to overtiredness, which can quickly spiral into more missed sleep. Yikes! So to ward off exhaustion, offer an earlier bedtime if necessary.\n\nThe Baby Sleep Site® is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram and other product affiliate programs. If you click on a product link\nand make a purchase, The Baby Sleep Site® may (but not always) receive a small\ncommission from the company selling the product, but will not affect your\npurchase price. We only recommend products that we believe are quality\nproducts and are good for our readers.\n\nStruggling with your baby’s sleep? We can help. Since 2008, we have helped\nthousands of families around the world with their babies' sleep problems, and\nwe can help you, too! Tap into 10+ years of experience and take a look at our\nconsultation packages to see which one looks like a good fit for you.\n\nClick here to see all our personalized consultation packages.\n\nOnce you purchase, you will immediately receive access to the Helpdesk, and\nyou can set up your account, fill out your family's sleep history survey,\nsubmit it to a sleep consultant, and get started on the journey to better\nsleep!\n\nWant to read about other family's experiences? Read parent stories and reviews\nhere.\n\n## Need Baby and Toddler Sleep Help? We Have the Resources You Need!\n\nFor those persistent nighttime struggles, check out The 3 Step System to Help\nYour Baby Sleep. Using the same unique approach and practical tools for\nsuccess, this e-book helps you and your baby sleep through the night.\n\nOr, join our VIP Members Area packed with exclusive content and resources:\ne-Books, assessments, detailed case studies, expert advice, peer support, and\nmore. It actually costs less to join than buying products separately! As a VIP\nmember, you’ll also enjoy a weekly chat with an expert sleep consultant. And\nthe best part – members receive 20% off all sleep consultation services!\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Sleep Regression, or Something Else?\n * Sleep Regression, Phase, or Habit – Which Is Causing Your Baby’s Sleep Problems?\n * Keep Calm and Sleep on Through Twin Sleep Regression\n\n> #### In over 10 years, we have over 10,000 comments on our blog.\n>\n> At this time, we are no longer accepting or answering blog comments. We\n> would, of course, love to hear from you! For help with your specific sleep\n> problems, please learn more about our DIY resources or our sleep\n> consultation services. Or, consider emailing us for a fast and helpful\n> response!\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Are you tired of one-size-fits-all advice?\n\nHi, I'm Nicole Johnson. I'm determined to help you and your family sleep\nbetter and thrive. Are you ready for a personalized solution?\n\nYes, I need a personalized solution!\n\n### About Nicole\n\nNicole Johnson is the founder and lead sleep consultant of The Baby Sleep\nSite^®. Since she began in 2008, and with the help of her team of sleep\nconsultants, she has helped over 40,000 families improve their sleep. She has\nalso held a position on the board of the International Association of Child\nSleep Consultants (IACSC) since 2015. Millions of visitors land on The Baby\nSleep Site each year, and Nicole and her team are here to find solutions for\nyour family’s sleep problems that will match your baby's temperament and your\nparenting style.\n\nLearn More\n\n### Parent Stories\n\n * 4 month old up every 20 minutes improves with one e-mail\n * 5 month old twins, one sleeping, one not and waking the other\n * 8 month old up 15 times per night!\n * 8 month old sleeping in glider with mom!\n * Nothing working for 16 month old, not even cry-it-out!\n * 2 1/2 year old still not sleeping all night!\n\n### Popular Content\n\n## Sleep Regressions and Sleep Patterns\n\n * Newborn Sleep Patterns\n * 10 Tips to Help Your Newborn Sleep\n * 2-3 Month Old Baby Sleep Guide\n * Can Your Baby Sleep Too Much?\n * What Does Drowsy, But Awake Mean?\n * 4-Month Sleep Regression\n * 6-Month Sleep Regression\n * 8-10-Month Sleep Regression\n * 18-Month Sleep Regressions\n * 5 Things To Know About Your 2-Year-Old's Sleep\n * Sleep Regressions: Everything You Need to Know\n\n## Feeding and Sleep Schedules\n\n * Newborn Sleep Schedule\n * Newborn Sleep Schedules By Week\n * 2-Month Schedule\n * 3-Month Schedule\n * 4-Month Schedule\n * 5-Month Schedule\n * 6-Month Schedule\n * 7-Month Schedule\n * 8-Month Schedule\n * 9-Month Schedule\n * 10-Month Schedule\n * 11-Month Schedule\n * Toddler Schedule\n\n## Sleep Training Guides\n\n * Sleep Training Baby: The Ultimate Guide\n * 5 Things to Do BEFORE Sleep Training\n * 5 Common Baby Sleep Training Methods - Your Cheat Sheet\n * Sleep Training Toddlers\n\n## Baby Sleep Guides\n\n * Newborn Sleep Patterns Guide + Free e-Book\n * 2-3 Month Old Baby Sleep Guide\n * The Ultimate Guide to Sleep Training Baby\n * Ultimate Guide to Your 4-Month Old Baby\n * The Ultimate Toddler Nap Guide\n * How Much Should Your Baby Eat By Month\n\n## How-Tos\n\n * How to Put Your Baby or Toddler On a Schedule\n * How To Handle Separation Anxiety and Sleep\n * How to Make Babies Sleep . - 6 Steps\n * How to Handle Teething and Sleep\n * How and When to Stop Swaddling Your Baby\n\n## Naps\n\n * Baby Naps Chart - How Many and How Long\n * 7 Common Napping Mistakes\n * 10 Must-Know Baby and Toddler Nap Facts\n * Baby Won't Nap? Here Are 7 Reasons Why (#7 is Surprising!)\n\n## Charts\n\n * Wonder Weeks Chart\n * Bedtime Chart\n * Baby Night Feedings Chart\n * Baby Sleep Patterns Charts - A Must-See For All Parents!\n * Baby Feeding Chart - How Many Ounces By Age\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Louise says\n\nHelp – Our 26 month has never slept through the night. We’ve had a bedtime\nroutine since 4 weeks old. At 5 months we did a 5 night residential stay sleep\nprogram with mother craft nurses and got rid of sleep associations e.g. dummy.\nAt 6.5 months we did CIO which got us from 15 waking to 5. At 9 months we had\na private sleep consultant come stay with us overnight for a while. She said\nshe couldn’t keep taking our money As nothing more to offer us. She suggested\nmedical assessment. Medical assessment said nothing wrong. We were doing well\nfor 6 months, 2 wakings per night but only for 15 mins. Since the regression\nhit we are back to being up for 3-4 hours per night with inconsolable crying\nbetween 11-5. Two neighbours are complaining. Nothing we do can comfort her.\nNaps are 1-2 hours and always finish by 3. Bedtime between 7:30-8 How long\nwill this last? Do you have anything to offer that’s not routine / association\nbased? We’ve had that assessed by a multitude of experts who agree we are\n‘consistent’ with routine and no sleep associations to break. At my wits end\nand all the standard advice doesn’t seem to work.\n\n * Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\n\nHi @Louise – Thank you for writing to us! I’m So sorry to hear that your\nfamily has been struggling with sleep for so long! You all must be exhausted.\nYou’re not alone! We have helped many families that have not had success with\nother programs and/or sleep consultants, and we’ve been able to help them find\ntheir sleep. We’d love to help! We have a very holistic view and approach to\nhelping families with their sleep. It’s all about the whole child and figuring\nout the right mix of everything for that individual child. Our approach is not\nonly holistic, but also often involves breaking goals into pieces. We find\nthat parents are most successful that way because they can slowly start to see\nprogress and have more confidence in both themselves and their child. We are\ndifferent than most sleep consultants in that we personalize advice for each\nindividual family based on their history, goals, baby’s personality, and\nfamily philosophies. We do not make blanket statements either. We know that\nall families are truly unique and therefore will have unique needs and require\na unique plan. I’d like to offer you a free 15 minute telephone evaluation\nwith an expert sleep consultant, which I think will be really helpful for you.\nOu can share all of your concerns with her, and she can give you great insight\nregarding if and how we can help, and which of our options may be the best fit\nfor you. If interested, please schedule your free 15 minute evaluation here:\nhttps://www.babysleepsite.com/personalized-baby-sleep-evaluation Thank you\nagain for writing to us Louise, and hang in there! If you have any additional\nquestions, or if you need any assistance at all, please let us know. We’re\nhere to help!\n\n 2. Sydni Nerbas says\n\nMy 15 month old started doing split nights when I thought he was ready for 1\nnap. I don’t think he was and now I’m trying to re-establish his 2 nap routine\nbut his wakings are getting worse and worse, it’s been 5 weeks of 1-3 night\nwakings sometimes 2 hours long. I just don’t know where to start on how to get\nhis sleeping back to normal and I’m so exhausted and his nighttime sleep is\ncausing insane anxiety\n\n * Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\n\nHi Sydni – Thanks for writing and sorry that your 15 month old is struggling\nwith so many night wakings! That is so tough! Hopefully adding the 2nd nap\nback to the schedule/routine will help! Give it time to smooth out once the\nnap is back. I’d recommend checking out this sample schedule too, to be sure\nthat he’s getting the right amount of sleep at the right times:\nhttps://www.babysleepsite.com/schedules/toddler-schedule/ Good luck Sydni and\nhang in there!\n\n 3. Jillian says\n\nJust went through a horrible sleep regression starting at about 11.5 months\nand has slowly gotten better since she turned 13 months. We have also moved\nher into our bed with us which seemed to have helped with her not waking every\nhour at night. We also moved her down to one nap a day only. She is just not\ntired to take a second nap. I know 13 months they say is a little early but\nshe seems ready and fine with only one nap. She is not overtired by bedtime.\nThis girl has tons of energy and could care less about her naps. She is\nsleeping from 9pm – 8:30/9am. Her one nap is anywhere from 1hour to 1 hour and\na half.\n\n * Danielle says\n\nHi Jillian, Thank you for your comment here! I’m sorry to hear that your\ndaughter’s last sleep regression was so awful, but I’m glad you’ve found a way\nto get her sleeping that works for your family. All children are different,\nand I know a lot of the families here reading the comments are always glad to\nsee what worked for other folks, so thank you very much for sharing your\nexperience with us!\n\n 4. Claire says\n\nI have twin girls who are almost 14 months old. They have slept very well for\nmonths now but in the last few days they are taking longer to settle at night.\nThey are waking up later in the morning, I’m thinking as a result of them\ntaking longer to get to sleep, & wonder of this is knocking off their\nschedule? They are still taking two naps but could they already be ready to\ndrop to one nap, could this be a delayed sleep regression or could it most\nlikely be teething?! I’m not sure what to do!\n\n * Neosha says\n\n@Claire – Thank you for reading and for sharing with us! Toddlers this age do\ngenerally increase their abilities to stay awake for longer periods of time,\nwhich may be what you’re seeing. If you haven’t tweaked their schedules to\naccount for this, that may be a good place to start. We do find that many\nbabies drop down to one nap around 15-18 months, which is just around the\ncorner. This transition can happen very quickly or linger and take months\nbefore it’s fully “done.” Hang in there and let us know if you need any\nfurther support!\n\n 5. Chey says\n\nMy son is 8 months old, he used to nap an hour to 2 a day now he only naps\nmaybe 30-45 minutes, just one nap. Goes to bed at 8, fights it forever when\nhes asleep he will wake up anywhere from 3-4 times a night and stay up. He is\na very grumpy baby! I’m guessing 8 month sleep regression!\n\n * Debbye @ The Baby Sleep Site says\n\nHi @Chey – Thanks for writing! Yes! It sounds about right for this 8, 9, or 10\nmonth sleep regression! it sounds like you’ve done you’re reading, so hang in\nthere and I hope it passes quickly!\n\n« Older Comments\n\n## Footer Widget Header\n\n### As Seen In\n\n### FREE Guide: Five Ways To Help Your Child Sleep Through the Night\n\nJoin over 450,000 parents around the world & sign up today to receive the\nguide and our Baby Sleep Newsletter absolutely FREE!\n\nDownload FREE Guide Today!\n\n## Footer\n\n### Services\n\n * Consulting\n * DIY\n * Testimonials\n\n### Company\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Press\n\n### Connect\n\n * Contact\n * Login\n * Blog\n\nCopyright © 2021 The Baby Sleep Site – Baby Sleep Help | Toddler Sleep Help |\nPersonalized Sleep Consulting. Est. 2008. All Rights Reserved.\n\nTerms of Use | Privacy Policy\n\nTerms of Use | Privacy Policy\n\nCustom WordPress Theme Design & Development by iDesign Studios\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.lucieslist.com/postpartum/the-shift/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191101233103/https://www.lucieslist.com/postpartum/the-shift/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Get Baby to Sleep Longer at Night",
"passages": [
"The first three months of your baby’s life is a transition between the womb world and the real world; it truly is the “4^th trimester.” Your job is to usher baby through this transition as painlessly as possible.",
"In utero, your baby was naturally awake and active exactly when you weren’t: at night. Now that she is no longer living inside of you, you must gradually shift her from a nocturnal schedule to a normal daytime (diurnal?) schedule. This is a gradual process and won’t happen overnight, but you should start as soon as you get home from the hospital.",
"Many moms fall into the trap of letting the baby completely dictate their own sleeping schedule because it SEEMS very natural and wonderful. It’s the right thing to do, right? Let baby do what baby wants to do. Eh... not so much...",
"Remember: Your baby is just a brain stem at this point. She is just reacting to stimuli. You and your cerebral cortex have to do the heavy lifting and guide your baby through the transition to a daytime schedule. Otherwise, you will end up with an 8-month-old baby who is waking multiple times in the night demanding to be fed and ready to party – and you will not get any semblance of normalcy back in your life for a long, long time. You will have to hire a sleep consultant to cure you of your woes, blah blah blah. Just say no.",
"During the first week home from the hospital, your baby will be sleeping a LOT. They are recovering from birth and adjusting to the stressors of the outside world. They need a lot of sleep. Great! What a coincidence because so do you! The problem is, they will be coming to the trough to feed every 2.5-3.5 hours. They need frequent feedings to fill up those tiny little tummies.",
"The daytime is when you really focus on filling up their tank with milk. Starting with the first feeding after sunrise, feed your baby every three hours (at a minimum!), timing from the BEGINNING of the last feed to the beginning of the next feed. Wake them from napping (during the day ONLY) if you must. You may feel bad about doing it, but don’t. This is very important and prevents them from napping too long during the day, which will in turn prevent them from sleeping well at night.",
"After some amount of time (a week for some, several weeks for others), you will begin to notice your baby sleeping for longer than a three-hour span at night. Ah ha! This is the first glimmer of normal night sleeping. Don’t worry – as the span gets bigger, your milk supply will adjust accordingly. You may feel a little engorged when it first happens, though. Just roll with it. You can also pump (just a little bit!) for relief.",
"As this interval widens, you will need to start cluster feeding at night. Cluster feeding just means that you nurse (or bottle feed) frequently right before bedtime. So, if “bedtime” is 8 pm, feed your baby at 6 pm, 7 pm, and maybe a top-off before going down for night-night. This will fill their bellies so they can go longer before waking up hungry. Some people also call this the “dream feed.” I call it buying an insurance policy on your own sleep that night. 😉",
"If done correctly, you will notice this span-of-sleeping-at-night gradually lengthen and lengthen. For my girls, it happened fast. Here’s how it happened with each of them (mind you, they were large, full-term babies — this matters!!)",
"A few weeks in, she started sleeping from 10 pm-3 am (weeeeeeeee!). The next night she woke at 4 am. The following week she slept from 10 pm-5 am, then 6 am, then (ohmygodddd) 7 am. It was a beautiful thing. I shed a tear. She was “sleeping through the night” by 7 weeks. This is the part where I have to say, **Results may not be typical. Being able to sleep through the night heavily depends on your baby’s weight, 11-15 lbs being the range where this becomes possible. This is why women who want small babies are nutso!",
"Nursing moms will also know your babies are sleeping longer because when you wake up, you’ll be engorged. Don’t worry, your milk supply will adjust and settle down over time, though there is a bit of a lag 😉",
"Point being: Life sucks when you have to wake up every 2-2.5 hours and you don’t get any continuity in your sleep. You feel like a zombie around the clock. No amount of caffeine can fix you. When you sleep? The angels sing and life is great again. This is when you become an obnoxiously happy mom. Yay. This is our goal.",
"“I'm just writing to let you know how thankful I am for your information. The registry saved my life as it was my first kiddo. Getting your emails literally feels like I have a friend watching out for me! Ha. Thanks so much for your efforts and information.” - Morgan H.",
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"Copyright © 2015, Edamommy Publishing. All rights reserved. The information contained on this website is for entertainment purposes only and should not be used in place of advice from a medical professional. Want more legal mumbo- jumbo? Click here.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Baby to Sleep Longer at Night | Lucie's List\n\n********* Subscribe Now! *********\n\n * Registry\n\n * 1\\. Car Seats and Strollers\n\n * Infant Car Seats\n * Baby Strollers\n * 2\\. Baby Carriers\n\n * Infant Carriers\n * Soft Structured Baby Carriers\n * 3\\. Baby Bouncers & Swings\n\n * Baby Swings & Hybrids\n * 4\\. Bath Time\n\n * Newborn Bath Tubs\n * Infant Bath Tubs\n * Baby Towels and Linens\n * Baby Shampoo and Soap\n * 5\\. Sleeping\n * 6\\. Diapering\n * 7\\. Feeding\n * 8\\. Clothing\n * 9\\. Playing\n * 10\\. This & That\n * Postpartum\n\n * Natural Birth\n * After Delivery\n * Your Baby\n * First Days\n * Coming Home\n * Recovery\n\n * Vaginal Delivery\n * C-Section\n * Your Emotions\n * Breastfeeding\n * Postpartum Depression\n * Pelvic Floor Rehabilitation\n * Baby Sleep Tips\n * Meeting Other Moms\n * Postpartum Sex\n * Infants\n * Twins\n * Toddlers\n * Gear Guides\n * Blog\n * About\n * Newsletter\n\n * Pregnancy\n * Postpartum\n * Seasonal Guides\n\n# Baby Sleep Tips\n\nUpdated February 2019\n\nThe first three months of your baby’s life is a transition between the womb\nworld and the real world; it truly is the “4^th trimester.” Your job is to\nusher baby through this transition as painlessly as possible.\n\nIn utero, your baby was naturally awake and active exactly when you weren’t:\nat night. Now that she is no longer living inside of you, you must gradually\nshift her from a nocturnal schedule to a normal daytime (diurnal?) schedule.\nThis is a gradual process and won’t happen overnight, but you should start as\nsoon as you get home from the hospital.\n\nMany moms fall into the trap of letting the baby completely dictate their own\nsleeping schedule because it SEEMS very natural and wonderful. It’s the right\nthing to do, right? Let baby do what baby wants to do. Eh... not so much...\n\nRemember: Your baby is just a brain stem at this point. She is just reacting\nto stimuli. You and your cerebral cortex have to do the heavy lifting and\nguide your baby through the transition to a daytime schedule. Otherwise, you\nwill end up with an 8-month-old baby who is waking multiple times in the night\ndemanding to be fed and ready to party – and you will not get any semblance of\nnormalcy back in your life for a long, long time. You will have to hire a\nsleep consultant to cure you of your woes, blah blah blah. Just say no.\n\nDuring the first week home from the hospital, your baby will be sleeping a\nLOT. They are recovering from birth and adjusting to the stressors of the\noutside world. They need a lot of sleep. Great! What a coincidence because so\ndo you! The problem is, they will be coming to the trough to feed every\n2.5-3.5 hours. They need frequent feedings to fill up those tiny little\ntummies.\n\n## Daytime Feedings – Fill ‘Em Up!\n\nThe daytime is when you really focus on filling up their tank with milk.\nStarting with the first feeding after sunrise, feed your baby every three\nhours (at a minimum!), timing from the BEGINNING of the last feed to the\nbeginning of the next feed. Wake them from napping (during the day ONLY) if\nyou must. You may feel bad about doing it, but don’t. This is very important\nand prevents them from napping too long during the day, which will in turn\nprevent them from sleeping well at night.\n\nAfter some amount of time (a week for some, several weeks for others), you\nwill begin to notice your baby sleeping for longer than a three-hour span at\nnight. Ah ha! This is the first glimmer of normal night sleeping. Don’t worry\n– as the span gets bigger, your milk supply will adjust accordingly. You may\nfeel a little engorged when it first happens, though. Just roll with it. You\ncan also pump (just a little bit!) for relief.\n\nAs this interval widens, you will need to start cluster feeding at night.\nCluster feeding just means that you nurse (or bottle feed) frequently right\nbefore bedtime. So, if “bedtime” is 8 pm, feed your baby at 6 pm, 7 pm, and\nmaybe a top-off before going down for night-night. This will fill their\nbellies so they can go longer before waking up hungry. Some people also call\nthis the “dream feed.” I call it buying an insurance policy on your own sleep\nthat night. 😉\n\nIf done correctly, you will notice this span-of-sleeping-at-night gradually\nlengthen and lengthen. For my girls, it happened fast. Here’s how it happened\nwith each of them (mind you, they were large, full-term babies — this\nmatters!!)\n\nA few weeks in, she started sleeping from 10 pm-3 am (weeeeeeeee!). The next\nnight she woke at 4 am. The following week she slept from 10 pm-5 am, then 6\nam, then (ohmygodddd) 7 am. It was a beautiful thing. I shed a tear. She was\n“sleeping through the night” by 7 weeks. This is the part where I have to say,\n**Results may not be typical. Being able to sleep through the night heavily\ndepends on your baby’s weight, 11-15 lbs being the range where this becomes\npossible. This is why women who want small babies are nutso!\n\nNursing moms will also know your babies are sleeping longer because when you\nwake up, you’ll be engorged. Don’t worry, your milk supply will adjust and\nsettle down over time, though there is a bit of a lag 😉\n\nPoint being: Life sucks when you have to wake up every 2-2.5 hours and you\ndon’t get any continuity in your sleep. You feel like a zombie around the\nclock. No amount of caffeine can fix you. When you sleep? The angels sing and\nlife is great again. This is when you become an obnoxiously happy mom. Yay.\nThis is our goal.\n\n### Next: Meeting Other Moms\n\n420,000+ Subscribers Strong\n\n#### Latest Articles\n\n * Maxi-Cosi Magellan 5-in-1 Car Seat Review\n * Halloween Costumes – 2019\n * Booster Seats\n * Your Second Pregnancy, Labor and Delivery\n * Managing Life with Two Kids\n * Should Twins Be Separated in School?\n * Best Lunch Boxes, Bags and Sippy Cups for Back to School\n * Best Backpacks for Back to School\n * The Nordstrom Anniversary Sale 2019\n * How to Transition Milk from Bottle to Sippy Cup\n * Maternity Athleisure Wear, Summer 2019\n * Summer Pregnancy Shoes – LL Staff Picks\n * Flying with Twins\n * Summer Book Picks, 2019\n * Nuna Cudl Baby Carrier Review\n * Swim Lessons for Kids\n * Beaching it With Baby\n * Maternity Jeans, Summer 2019\n * Toy Storage Ideas\n * Baby, Toddler & Kids Sunglass Round-Up\n * Summer Shoes for Kids\n * In Response to the Rock N Play Recall\n * Britax B-Lively Stroller Review\n * The Best Part of Having Twins\n * Casual Maternity Clothes, Summer 2019\n * Maternity Bathing Suits, Summer 2019\n * May Love List: Summer Travel Must-Haves\n * Preparing for Baby #2 – Gearing Up\n * Transitioning from Crib to a Toddler Bed\n\n#### Follow Me!\n\nFollow @LuciesList\n\n## instagram\n\n## pinterest\n\n## youtube\n\n#### Testimonials\n\n“I'm just writing to let you know how thankful I am for your information. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/baby-sleep/art-20045014",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210715021542/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/infant-and-toddler-health/in-depth/baby-sleep/art-20045014?pg=2",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Helping baby sleep through the night",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Helping baby sleep through the night - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a123/how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210516114031/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/a123/how-can-i-get-my-baby-to-sleep-through-the-night",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How can I get my baby to sleep through the night?",
"passages": [
"They may need a feed. Newborn and young babies have a small tummy, which can’t hold much. It’s normal for a newborn to only sleep for two or three hours before needing a feed again (BASIS nda).",
"They may need some help to settle and know that it’s time for sleep. Having a consistent bedtime routine each night can help (NHS 2018).",
"They may be ill, teething or having a growth spurt – all of these can disturb their sleep (NHS 2018).",
"If your baby is waking in the night, your sleep will be disturbed too (Kempler et al 2016). Being constantly tired can make you feel moody and irritable and less able to function (Kempler et al 2016). There are also links between lack of sleep and postnatal depression (Kempler et al 2016), so making sure both you and your baby are getting enough sleep is important.",
"Many babies carry on waking through the night for many months, even when they're not hungry. But most babies are sleeping regularly through the night by the time they’re a year old (BASIS nda). If you can cope with the night- time interruptions, then you may wish to wait and let your baby sleep through the night in their own time. But if you’re finding it hard to cope with the lack of sleep, and it’s affecting how you parent your baby, it may be time to try something new.",
"Help your baby get to know the difference between day and night. During the day keep things light and bright and active – open the curtains, play games and make lots of noise. At night, dim the lights, keep things quiet and give your baby soothing cuddles instead of playing with them. This will help them to set their body clock and learn the difference between day and night (NHS 2018).",
"Give your baby the chance to fall asleep on their own. Your baby’s natural sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) starts to develop when they are about six weeks old (Maclean 2015). That means they'll start to sleep more at night and less during the day. When your baby is around three months old, they may be able to start settling themselves and going to sleep, but not all babies will (St James-Roberts et al 2015)! You can encourage your baby to do this by putting them down on their back after a feed when they're sleepy, but still awake and seeing whether they can go to sleep with you close by (NHS 2018) . You could also try using a soothing phrase, sound or word, such as \"Ssh\" or \"It’s sleepy time\". Repeat this to your baby as they gently drift off, so they begin to associate it with bedtime, and feelings of drowsiness.",
"Set a simple bedtime routine. You can introduce a soothing bedtime routine from around three months (NHS 2018). Start your routine about an hour before you plan to turn put your baby down to sleep (Mindell and Williamson 2018). Turning off the television, dimming the lights and winding down activities will set the scene and help your baby to relax.",
"You could start with a calming bath and then pop your baby into their pyjamas. Then follow with a story or lullaby. You could also try giving your baby a soothing massage.",
"If they don't settle after a feed, try having some soothing skin to skin time with some gentle rocking (Unicef 2017). Or if you’re breastfeeding, you could try offering your breast again, in case your baby’s still hungry (Unicef 2017).",
"A consistent bedtime routine will gradually let your baby know that it’s time to go to sleep (NHS 2018). It’s a good idea to finish the bedtime routine in the room where your baby sleeps (IHV 2014). Remember that your baby should sleep in the same room as you for the first six months.",
"Settling your baby at night can prove challenging. See how to create a calming bedtime routine with these nine tips. More baby videos",
"Sleep training describes any method you use to help your baby settle themselves to sleep. It isn’t for everybody and many parents can’t bear sleep training methods that may mean your baby cries for you, even for a short time. But if you feel you or your partner aren’t getting enough sleep to be able to look after your baby during the day, without feeling teary, resentful and sleep deprived, it may worth trying.",
"If you think your baby is ready, you could try the controlled crying method. This means letting your baby cry for just a few minutes, before returning to them and offering comfort and reassurance. You gradually extend the time between each visit, before going back (BASIS ndb). Start with a couple of minutes and gradually build up to 10 minutes (Simon et al 2014).",
"You can gently pat and reassure your baby while they're still in their cot or pick them up and put them down again. It’s completely up to you. While you’re settling them, keep it low key and quiet, before leaving the room again (Simon et al 2014).",
"It can be hard to hear your baby crying, even if it’s for just a short period and many parents find it stressful. In the short-term, controlled crying does work, as do other sleep training methods that help your baby to sleep, such as the no-tears approach (BASIS ndc).",
"Be reassured that a lot of research has been carried out on sleep training and its effects on babies. The evidence shows that leaving your baby to cry for a short period of time will not do them any harm (Meltzer et al 2014, Price et al 2012). However, make sure you keep the periods you leave to your baby to no longer than ten minutes, to avoid them becoming distressed (Mancz & Wigley 2017).",
"If controlled crying isn’t for you there are other \"no tears\" approaches you could try, to help your baby sleep.",
"Many sleep experts suggest \"gradual retreat\". This means putting your baby down to sleep while they're drowsy but awake. Instead of leaving your baby’s room, stay by their cot until they fall asleep, patting and stroking them whenever they need reassurance. Over the course of a few nights, gradually move further away from their cot until your baby can fall asleep without you being in the room with them(Blunden and Baills 2013).",
"Another approach worth trying is the pick-up, put-down method. If your baby wakes and cries for you, go to them and pick them up, comforting them with a soothing \"Ssh\" until they calm. Then place your baby back in their cot.",
"No single sleep-training method works for all babies. So don’t worry if one particular method doesn’t suit your baby. Leave it for a couple of weeks, and try again, or with a different approach, to see what works.",
"Struggling with sleepless nights? Get tips and advice, and vent your feelings to others in the same boat, in our friendly community.",
"Kempler L et al. 2016. Do psychosocial sleep interventions improve infant sleep or maternal mood in the postnatal period? A systematic review and meta- analysis of randomised controlled trials. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 29 (2016) 15e22",
"MacLean JE, Fitzgerald DA, Waters KE. 2015. Developmental changes in sleep and breathing across infancy and childhood. Paediatr Respir Rev. www.researchgate.net [Accessed November 2019]",
"Mancz G, Wigley W. 2017. Long-term outcomes of techniques used to manage sleep disturbance in the under-5s. Journal of Health Visiting. Vol. 5, No. 1",
"Mindell JA, Williamson AA. 2018. Benefits of a bedtime routine in young children: Sleep, development, and beyond. Sleep Med Rev. 40:93–108. www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [Accessed November 2019]",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "How can I get my baby to sleep through the night? - BabyCentre UK\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Baby\n\nCommunity groups\n\nBirth ClubsBabiesBreastfeedingSolid foods and weaningSee all baby groups\n\nHome Baby Sleep Basics of good sleep\n\n# How can I get my baby to sleep through the night?\n\nApproved by the BabyCentre Medical Advisory Board\n\nStudio Memoir for BabyCenter\n\n### In this article\n\n * Why doesn’t my baby sleep through the night?\n * What can I do to help my baby settle?\n * What’s a good bedtime routine?\n * What sleep training methods can I try?\n * Visit our community\n\nVideo\n\n###### Sleep and feeding routines\n\nWhen and how to create a routine for your baby.\n\n## Why doesn’t my baby sleep through the night?\n\nThere are all sorts of reasons why your baby may be waking through the night.\nFor example:\n\n * They may need a feed. Newborn and young babies have a small tummy, which can’t hold much. It’s normal for a newborn to only sleep for two or three hours before needing a feed again (BASIS nda).\n * They may want your comfort and reassurance during the night.\n * They may need some help to settle and know that it’s time for sleep. Having a consistent bedtime routine each night can help (NHS 2018).\n * They may be ill, teething or having a growth spurt – all of these can disturb their sleep (NHS 2018).\n\nIf your baby is waking in the night, your sleep will be disturbed too (Kempler\net al 2016). Being constantly tired can make you feel moody and irritable and\nless able to function (Kempler et al 2016). There are also links between lack\nof sleep and postnatal depression (Kempler et al 2016), so making sure both\nyou and your baby are getting enough sleep is important.\n\nMany babies carry on waking through the night for many months, even when\nthey're not hungry. But most babies are sleeping regularly through the night\nby the time they’re a year old (BASIS nda). If you can cope with the night-\ntime interruptions, then you may wish to wait and let your baby sleep through\nthe night in their own time. But if you’re finding it hard to cope with the\nlack of sleep, and it’s affecting how you parent your baby, it may be time to\ntry something new.\n\n## What can I do to help my baby settle?\n\nThese tactics may help your baby to sleep better and settle themselves back to\nsleep.\n\n * Help your baby get to know the difference between day and night. During the day keep things light and bright and active – open the curtains, play games and make lots of noise. At night, dim the lights, keep things quiet and give your baby soothing cuddles instead of playing with them. This will help them to set their body clock and learn the difference between day and night (NHS 2018).\n * Give your baby the chance to fall asleep on their own. Your baby’s natural sleep-wake cycle (circadian rhythm) starts to develop when they are about six weeks old (Maclean 2015). That means they'll start to sleep more at night and less during the day. When your baby is around three months old, they may be able to start settling themselves and going to sleep, but not all babies will (St James-Roberts et al 2015)! You can encourage your baby to do this by putting them down on their back after a feed when they're sleepy, but still awake and seeing whether they can go to sleep with you close by (NHS 2018) . You could also try using a soothing phrase, sound or word, such as \"Ssh\" or \"It’s sleepy time\". Repeat this to your baby as they gently drift off, so they begin to associate it with bedtime, and feelings of drowsiness.\n * Set a simple bedtime routine. You can introduce a soothing bedtime routine from around three months (NHS 2018). Start your routine about an hour before you plan to turn put your baby down to sleep (Mindell and Williamson 2018). Turning off the television, dimming the lights and winding down activities will set the scene and help your baby to relax.\n\n## What’s a good bedtime routine?\n\nYou could start with a calming bath and then pop your baby into their pyjamas.\nThen follow with a story or lullaby. You could also try giving your baby a\nsoothing massage.\n\nIf they don't settle after a feed, try having some soothing skin to skin time\nwith some gentle rocking (Unicef 2017). Or if you’re breastfeeding, you could\ntry offering your breast again, in case your baby’s still hungry (Unicef\n2017).\n\nA consistent bedtime routine will gradually let your baby know that it’s time\nto go to sleep (NHS 2018). It’s a good idea to finish the bedtime routine in\nthe room where your baby sleeps (IHV 2014). Remember that your baby should\nsleep in the same room as you for the first six months.\n\nThe mighty bedtime routine\n\nSettling your baby at night can prove challenging. See how to create a calming\nbedtime routine with these nine tips. More baby videos\n\n## What sleep training methods can I try?\n\nSleep training describes any method you use to help your baby settle\nthemselves to sleep. It isn’t for everybody and many parents can’t bear sleep\ntraining methods that may mean your baby cries for you, even for a short time.\nBut if you feel you or your partner aren’t getting enough sleep to be able to\nlook after your baby during the day, without feeling teary, resentful and\nsleep deprived, it may worth trying.\n\nIf you think your baby is ready, you could try the controlled crying method.\nThis means letting your baby cry for just a few minutes, before returning to\nthem and offering comfort and reassurance. You gradually extend the time\nbetween each visit, before going back (BASIS ndb). Start with a couple of\nminutes and gradually build up to 10 minutes (Simon et al 2014).\n\nYou can gently pat and reassure your baby while they're still in their cot or\npick them up and put them down again. It’s completely up to you. While you’re\nsettling them, keep it low key and quiet, before leaving the room again (Simon\net al 2014).\n\nIt can be hard to hear your baby crying, even if it’s for just a short period\nand many parents find it stressful. In the short-term, controlled crying does\nwork, as do other sleep training methods that help your baby to sleep, such as\nthe no-tears approach (BASIS ndc).\n\nBe reassured that a lot of research has been carried out on sleep training and\nits effects on babies. The evidence shows that leaving your baby to cry for a\nshort period of time will not do them any harm (Meltzer et al 2014, Price et\nal 2012). However, make sure you keep the periods you leave to your baby to no\nlonger than ten minutes, to avoid them becoming distressed (Mancz & Wigley\n2017).\n\nIf controlled crying isn’t for you there are other \"no tears\" approaches you\ncould try, to help your baby sleep.\n\nMany sleep experts suggest \"gradual retreat\". This means putting your baby\ndown to sleep while they're drowsy but awake. Instead of leaving your baby’s\nroom, stay by their cot until they fall asleep, patting and stroking them\nwhenever they need reassurance. Over the course of a few nights, gradually\nmove further away from their cot until your baby can fall asleep without you\nbeing in the room with them(Blunden and Baills 2013).\n\nAnother approach worth trying is the pick-up, put-down method. If your baby\nwakes and cries for you, go to them and pick them up, comforting them with a\nsoothing \"Ssh\" until they calm. Then place your baby back in their cot.\n\nNo single sleep-training method works for all babies. So don’t worry if one\nparticular method doesn’t suit your baby. Leave it for a couple of weeks, and\ntry again, or with a different approach, to see what works.\n\n## Visit our community\n\nStruggling with sleepless nights? Get tips and advice, and vent your feelings\nto others in the same boat, in our friendly community.\n\n## References\n\nBASIS nda. Normal sleep development. Baby Sleep Info Source.\nwww.basisonline.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\n\nBASIS ndb. Sleep Training and Managing Infant Sleep. Baby Sleep Info Source.\nwww.basisonline.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\n\nBASIS ndc. Sleep training research. Baby Sleep Info Source.\nwww.basisonline.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\n\nBlunden, S., & Baills, A. 2013. Treatment of Behavioural Sleep Problems:\nAsking the Parents. Journal of Sleep Disorders: Treatment and Care, 2(2), 1-7.\nwww.scitechnol.com\n\nIHV. 2014. Promoting a healthy sleep routine. Institute of Health Visiting,\nIHV Parent Tips. www.hct.nhs.uk/[Accessed November2019]\n\nKempler L et al. 2016. Do psychosocial sleep interventions improve infant\nsleep or maternal mood in the postnatal period? A systematic review and meta-\nanalysis of randomised controlled trials. Sleep Medicine Reviews. 29 (2016)\n15e22\n\nMacLean JE, Fitzgerald DA, Waters KE. 2015. Developmental changes in sleep and\nbreathing across infancy and childhood. Paediatr Respir Rev.\nwww.researchgate.net [Accessed November 2019]\n\nMancz G, Wigley W. 2017. Long-term outcomes of techniques used to manage sleep\ndisturbance in the under-5s. Journal of Health Visiting. Vol. 5, No. 1\n\nMindell JA, Williamson AA. 2018. Benefits of a bedtime routine in young\nchildren: Sleep, development, and beyond. Sleep Med Rev. 40:93–108.\nwww.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov [Accessed November 2019]\n\nNHS. 2018. Helping your baby to sleep. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. www.nhs.uk.\n[Accessed November 2019]\n\nSt James-Roberts I, Roberts M, Hovish K et al. 2015.Video Evidence That London\nInfants Can Resettle Themselves Back to Sleep After Waking in the Night, as\nwell as Sleep for Long Periods, by 3 Months of Age. Journal of Developmental\nand Behavioral Pediatrics. 36(5): 324–32 [Accessed November 2019]\n\nSimon C, Everitt H, van Dorp F et al 2014. Oxford handbook of general\npractice.4th ed. Oxford: Oxford University Press: oxfordmedicine.com[Accessed\nNovember r 2019]\n\nUnicef 2017. Health Professionals’ Guide to Caring for your Baby at Night.\nwww.unicef.org.uk [Accessed November 2019]\n\nShow references Hide references\n\n### Track your baby’s development\n\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\n\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\n\nadvertisement\n\nJoin BabyCentre\n\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\n\nMost popular in Baby\n\n * Download our free baby app\n * Milestone chart: one to six months\n * How to help your baby sleep through\n * Your complete weaning guide\n * Games to play with your baby\n * Free stuff and great deals\n\nadvertisement\n\n * Community\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Find your birth club\n * Free antenatal classes\n * Meet local parents & parents-to-be\n\nPOPULAR GROUPS\n\n * Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n * What's your opinion on...? 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},
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"original_url": "https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/5-sleep-through-the-night-strategies/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20220111051626/https://www.parents.com/baby/sleep/issues/5-sleep-through-the-night-strategies/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night",
"passages": [
"Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.",
"Struggling to get your newborn to sleep? These eight strategies will help them snooze through the night, leaving your infant (and you) feeling rested.",
"More than 90 percent of parents want to change something about their child’s sleep routine, according to research by Jodi A. Mindell, Ph.D., a Parents advisor and chair of the Pediatric Sleep Council, a group of leading experts from around the world. Consider these helpful fixes on how to get your baby to sleep through the night.",
"Babies need to wind down, just like you. So start switching gears (low lighting, little noise) about 30 minutes before bed. This helps set your little one’s internal clock.",
"Studies show that the more nights during the week your baby follows a bedtime routine, the better she’ll sleep. Try an evening bath to mark the end of the day; even if you skip the soap, the warm water can induce drowsiness. You can also incorporate other soothing rituals like reading books, singing lullabies, and cuddling.",
"Before you or your partner goes to sleep, gently wake your infant to nurse or bottle-feed. (This will help him wake less often in the coming hours.) Then put him back down while he’s still awake but drowsy.",
"Put your baby to bed at the same time and in the same place each night. If you're thrown off schedule because of a holiday or vacation, don't worry. Just try to get back on track ASAP.",
"You might think an earlier bedtime will lead to an earlier morning, but both babies and toddlers wake up less often and get more total sleep when they hit the sack sooner. Shoot for a bedtime of 7:30 or 8 p.m. for your toddler and expect him to sleep for about ten hours.",
"While you can’t change a newborn’s wake-up time (he’ll always cry when he’s hungry), you can adjust a toddler’s. Try it by using a wake-up light. You can schedule it to glow at a certain hour so he’ll know exactly when it’s okay to call you or burst through your door.",
"It’s normal for toddlers to resist bedtime; kids this age want to practice their newfound independence (plus, they have major FOMO). Give them choices: Would they like to stomp up the stairs like an elephant to get to their room or tiptoe like a mouse? You can also create a chart together that shows every step of the bedtime routine, including how many books you read. This way, you choose when your toddler goes to sleep, but they get to pick the details.",
"Babies can fall asleep on their own by about 5 months, says Heather Turgeon, coauthor of The Happy Sleeper. You should gradually stop soothing methods around this time, or your little one will become hooked. Turgeon recommends practicing with one nap per day, where you cut back on the rocking, shushing, and patting. Then you can slowly incorporate these practices into bedtime, too.",
"MeredithParents.com is part of the Parents Network. © Copyright 2022 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night | Parents\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Parents\n\nParents Parents\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Cozi Family Organizer this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\nMy Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Cozi Family Organizer this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# How to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night\n\nBy Emily Elveru and Erin Zammett Ruddy Updated July 02, 2020\n\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\ncommission.\n\nSkip gallery slides\n\nPin\n\nSmiling Baby Lying on a Bed Sleeping on Blue Sheets\n\nCredit: javi_indy/Shutterstock\n\nStruggling to get your newborn to sleep? These eight strategies will help them\nsnooze through the night, leaving your infant (and you) feeling rested.\n\nStart Slideshow\n\n## 1 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Get Your Baby to Sleep\n\nworried mom holding baby daughter\n\nCredit: Shutterstock\n\nMore than 90 percent of parents want to change something about their child’s\nsleep routine, according to research by Jodi A. Mindell, Ph.D., a Parents\nadvisor and chair of the Pediatric Sleep Council, a group of leading experts\nfrom around the world. Consider these helpful fixes on how to get your baby to\nsleep through the night.\n\n## 1 of 9\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 2 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Limit distractions.\n\ndad holding newborn\n\nCredit: Monkey Business Images/Shutterstock\n\nBabies need to wind down, just like you. So start switching gears (low\nlighting, little noise) about 30 minutes before bed. This helps set your\nlittle one’s internal clock.\n\n * RELATED: How to Put a Baby to Sleep\n\n## 2 of 9\n\n## 3 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Believe in the power of a bedtime routine.\n\nsharing bed with baby\n\nCredit: Pixabay/smpratt90\n\nStudies show that the more nights during the week your baby follows a bedtime\nroutine, the better she’ll sleep. Try an evening bath to mark the end of the\nday; even if you skip the soap, the warm water can induce drowsiness. You can\nalso incorporate other soothing rituals like reading books, singing lullabies,\nand cuddling.\n\n## 3 of 9\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 4 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Offer one last feeding.\n\nDark Hair Woman Breastfeeding Baby Gray Shirt\n\nCredit: Rawpixel.com/Shutterstock\n\nBefore you or your partner goes to sleep, gently wake your infant to nurse or\nbottle-feed. (This will help him wake less often in the coming hours.) Then\nput him back down while he’s still awake but drowsy.\n\n * RELATED: Sleep Training Your Baby: 7 Tips for Success\n\n## 4 of 9\n\n## 5 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Stick with it.\n\nHow to Establish a Routine With Baby\n\nPut your baby to bed at the same time and in the same place each night. If\nyou're thrown off schedule because of a holiday or vacation, don't worry. Just\ntry to get back on track ASAP.\n\n## 5 of 9\n\n## 6 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Head to bed sooner.\n\nnewborn and mom on maternity leave\n\nCredit: OndroM/Shutterstock\n\nYou might think an earlier bedtime will lead to an earlier morning, but both\nbabies and toddlers wake up less often and get more total sleep when they hit\nthe sack sooner. Shoot for a bedtime of 7:30 or 8 p.m. for your toddler and\nexpect him to sleep for about ten hours.\n\n * RELATED: Choosing the Best Sleep Training Method\n\n## 6 of 9\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 7 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Delay an early riser.\n\nBaby Crying In Crib Arm Reaching Out\n\nCredit: Igor Sokolov (breeze)/Shutterstock\n\nWhile you can’t change a newborn’s wake-up time (he’ll always cry when he’s\nhungry), you can adjust a toddler’s. Try it by using a wake-up light. You can\nschedule it to glow at a certain hour so he’ll know exactly when it’s okay to\ncall you or burst through your door.\n\n## 7 of 9\n\n## 8 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Make bedtime fun.\n\nMom Laughing Parenting Humor\n\nCredit: Shutterstock\n\nIt’s normal for toddlers to resist bedtime; kids this age want to practice\ntheir newfound independence (plus, they have major FOMO). Give them choices:\nWould they like to stomp up the stairs like an elephant to get to their room\nor tiptoe like a mouse? You can also create a chart together that shows every\nstep of the bedtime routine, including how many books you read. This way, you\nchoose when your toddler goes to sleep, but they get to pick the details.\n\n * RELATED: All About Baby Sleep Regression\n\n## 8 of 9\n\n## 9 of 9\n\nPin\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n### Don't rely on soothing methods.\n\nAsian Mother Holding Baby Bright Room Windows\n\nCredit: paulaphoto/Shutterstock\n\nBabies can fall asleep on their own by about 5 months, says Heather Turgeon,\ncoauthor of The Happy Sleeper. You should gradually stop soothing methods\naround this time, or your little one will become hooked. Turgeon recommends\npracticing with one nap per day, where you cut back on the rocking, shushing,\nand patting. Then you can slowly incorporate these practices into bedtime,\ntoo.\n\n## 9 of 9\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nReplay gallery\n\n## Share the Gallery\n\nPinterest Facebook\n\n## Up Next\n\n## Share the Gallery\n\nPinterest Facebook\n\nTrending Videos\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSkip slide summaries\n\n## Everything in This Slideshow\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## View All\n\n1 of 9 Get Your Baby to Sleep\n\n2 of 9 Limit distractions.\n\n3 of 9 Believe in the power of a bedtime routine.\n\n4 of 9 Offer one last feeding.\n\n5 of 9 Stick with it.\n\n6 of 9 Head to bed sooner.\n\n7 of 9 Delay an early riser.\n\n8 of 9 Make bedtime fun.\n\n9 of 9 Don't rely on soothing methods.\n\n## Share & More\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Shop | Parents\n\n * Diaper Bags\n * Maternity Clothing\n * Prenatal Vitamins\n * Car Seats\n * Breast Pumps\n * Maternity Dresses\n * Baby Shower Gifts\n * Baby Gates\n * Pregnancy Pillows\n * Kids Backpacks\n * Shop More\n\nParents may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\nlinks contained on this website.\n\nParents\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithParents.com is part of the Parents Network. © Copyright 2022 Meredith\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\nTerms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a\nnew tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web\nAccessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright Parents. All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.parents.com\n\n## Sign in\n\n## View image\n\nHow to Get Baby to Sleep Through the Night\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051346/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-newborn-and-three-months",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210126000452/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/x1051346/what-sleep-strategies-can-i-try-between-newborn-and-three-months",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What sleep strategies can I try between newborn and three months?",
"passages": [
"In her first three months, your newborn will sleep a lot. She will need to wake often for a feed though. She’ll probably have around two to three hours sleep between feeds at first, during the day and at night. She has a small tummy which can’t hold much milk, so sleeping for short periods is normal. By the time she’s three months old, she may be sleeping for longer stretches, around five hours, at night.",
"You'll need to prepare yourself for lots of interrupted sleep in those first few weeks. Try to go with the flow. If you can, sleep when your baby does, during the day. This will mean getting your partner, if you have one, to do their fair share around the house. Ask friends or family members too for support, so you can get the rest you need.",
"Try to remember that this phase doesn’t last long. Your baby will start to be able to settle herself to sleep from about three months old, although this doesn’t mean that she will! But you can help her work up to this, by slowly developing some good sleep habits.",
"Put your baby down to sleep when she’s drowsy, but still awake. To begin with, your baby may cry when you put her down. You can help her learn to self-settle by comforting her when she cries at first. But over a period of days and weeks, the idea is to slowly get her used to going to sleep without you. You can do this by gradually reducing the time you spend with her, and changing the things you do to settle her to sleep (Blunden 2013).",
"So, you could start by cuddling her until she goes to sleep, then move on to patting her gently, to eventually just being by her side while she falls asleep. The idea is that eventually your baby will be able to fall asleep without you in the room at all. Once your baby can fall asleep on her own at bedtime, she may find it easier to settle herself when she wakes during the night.",
"Your baby doesn’t start to develop her own sleeping rhythm (circadian rhythm) until she’s about ten weeks old. That means her body begins to know the difference between day and night, and she’ll start to sleep mostly at night and be awake for more of the day.",
"You can help encourage her to recognise the difference between night and day. Keep things light and bright during the day. Be chatty during daytime feeds, and play with her. Look out for sleep cues too during the day though and if she’s tired put her down for a nap.",
"During night-time feeds, keep things calm and quiet. It’s a good idea to keep eye contact and talking to a minimum and keep the lights and the noise down to encourage your baby to drift off again.",
"Swaddling your baby may soothe her. For some babies it's a powerful trigger for sleep, but other babies don’t enjoy it. If you decide you want to swaddle your baby, the advice is to do it from birth, rather than starting later when your baby is a few months old. You should also do it for both day and nighttime sleep.",
"Always allow enough room for your baby to move her hips and knees freely. Use thin materials, don’t swaddle too tightly and check your baby’s temperature to make sure she doesn’t get too hot. Don’t swaddle above her shoulders either, her neck or head should never be covered. Only swaddle your baby when she’s in her cot or Moses basket and not in your bed and make sure you put her to sleep on her back. Find out more about swaddling safely.",
"When your baby reaches the three-month milestone and she’s starting to understand day and night more, you can introduce a bedtime routine. What you include is up to you, whether it’s a bath, reading a story, having a cuddle or giving her a feed before putting her down. Your baby will appreciate having a predictable bedtime routine and it will help her to understand that sleep is on its way. Studies have shown that a consistent bedtime routine helps babies drift off to sleep more quickly and sleep for longer.",
"* Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n* What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\n* Dynamic debate\n* Actively trying for a baby\n* Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\n* IVF support group\n* Pregnant for the first time\n* Baby names\n* Breastfeeding\n* Baby-led weaning\n* Parents of toddlers\n* Coping with a miscarriage\nSee all in Community",
"* Before you begin\n* Ovulation & timing\n* Quiz: could you be pregnant?\n* Top 10 signs of pregnancy\n* Best sex positions\n* Ovulation calculator\n* Fertility tips for men\n* All about pregnancy tests\n* 9 tips to get pregnant fast\n* Can you choose your baby's sex?\n* How age affects fertility\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Trying for a baby\n* Am I pregnant?\n* Sex & conception\n* Infertility & trouble conceiving\nSee all in Getting Pregnant",
"* Symptoms you should never ignore\n* How big is your baby?\n* Weekly meal planners\n* Pregnancy scans\n* Baby names finder\n* Due date calculator\n* Morning sickness remedies\n* Hospital bag checklist\n* Predicting your baby's sex\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your pregnancy week by week\n* How your baby's developing\n* Dads' guide to pregnancy\n* Labour & birth\n* Baby name inspiration\n* Popular baby names 2020\nSee all in Pregnancy",
"* Bonding with your baby\n* Breastfeeding for beginners\n* Find the right formula milk\n* Buying for your baby\n* When can your baby sleep through?\n* Name that rash!\n* Baby poo: what's normal?\n* Ways to soothe a crying baby\n* Teething timeline\n* The truth about growth spurts\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your baby week by week\n* Sleep basics\n* First foods\n* Baby development\n* The best baby products\nSee all in Baby",
"* Dealing with tantrums\n* Food & fussy eating\n* Toddler development milestones\n* When to start potty training\n* Teething & sleep\n* Moving from a cot to a bed\n* Help your child sleep through\n* Bedtime routines\n* Learning to talk\n* Constipation in toddlers\n* Vomiting: what's normal?\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your toddler month by month\n* Potty training\n* Top sleep tips\n* Games & activities\nSee all in Toddler",
"* Top sleep tips for children\n* How kids learn to share\n* Coping with aggression\n* Bedtime battles\n* When your child won't stay in bed\n* Anxiety in children\n* Night terrors\n* Dealing with public tantrums\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your child month by month\n* Food ideas & nutrition\n* Teaching values: empathy to manners\n* Discipline tactics that work\n* Easy arts & crafts\n* Great play ideas\n* Top tips for starting school\nSee all in Preschooler",
"* Your body after birth\n* Healthy post-birth weight loss\n* Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\n* Managing postnatal depression\n* The cost of childcare\n* Your rights & benefits\n* Sex secrets for parents\n* Strengthen your post-baby belly\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* First timers: tips and advice\n* Family horoscopes\n* Getting back into shape\n* Your pelvic floor\n* Life as a mum\n* Life as a dad\n* Family finance tips\nSee all in Life as a Parent",
"* How pregnancy changes your body\n* What happens during childbirth\n* What to pack in your hospital bag\n* The best positions for labour\n* How to express milk\n* How to swaddle your baby\n* Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\n* Signs of teething\n* Tummy time tips\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS",
"* Fetal development stage by stage\n* Labour & birth\n* Postnatal exercises\n* Recipes for weaning & beyond\n* Baby massage how-to guides\n* Baby sleep videos\nSee all in Video",
"This Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed for educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health or the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other healthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this site. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms of Use.",
"This site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its contents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use."
]
},
"parsed_md": "What sleep strategies can I try between newborn and three months? - BabyCentre\nUK\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Baby\n\nCommunity groups\n\nBirth ClubsBabiesBreastfeedingSolid foods and weaningSee all baby groups\n\nHome Baby Sleep Sleep problems and solutions\n\nQuestion\n\n# What sleep strategies can I try between newborn and three months?\n\nExpert Answer\n\n## Harriet Gibbs\n\nHealth visitor\n\nIn her first three months, your newborn will sleep a lot. She will need to\nwake often for a feed though. She’ll probably have around two to three hours\nsleep between feeds at first, during the day and at night. She has a small\ntummy which can’t hold much milk, so sleeping for short periods is normal. By\nthe time she’s three months old, she may be sleeping for longer stretches,\naround five hours, at night.\n\nYou'll need to prepare yourself for lots of interrupted sleep in those first\nfew weeks. Try to go with the flow. If you can, sleep when your baby does,\nduring the day. This will mean getting your partner, if you have one, to do\ntheir fair share around the house. Ask friends or family members too for\nsupport, so you can get the rest you need.\n\nTry to remember that this phase doesn’t last long. Your baby will start to be\nable to settle herself to sleep from about three months old, although this\ndoesn’t mean that she will! But you can help her work up to this, by slowly\ndeveloping some good sleep habits.\n\nPut your baby down to sleep when she’s drowsy, but still awake. To begin with,\nyour baby may cry when you put her down. You can help her learn to self-settle\nby comforting her when she cries at first. But over a period of days and\nweeks, the idea is to slowly get her used to going to sleep without you. You\ncan do this by gradually reducing the time you spend with her, and changing\nthe things you do to settle her to sleep (Blunden 2013).\n\nSo, you could start by cuddling her until she goes to sleep, then move on to\npatting her gently, to eventually just being by her side while she falls\nasleep. The idea is that eventually your baby will be able to fall asleep\nwithout you in the room at all. Once your baby can fall asleep on her own at\nbedtime, she may find it easier to settle herself when she wakes during the\nnight.\n\nYour baby doesn’t start to develop her own sleeping rhythm (circadian rhythm)\nuntil she’s about ten weeks old. That means her body begins to know the\ndifference between day and night, and she’ll start to sleep mostly at night\nand be awake for more of the day.\n\nYou can help encourage her to recognise the difference between night and day.\nKeep things light and bright during the day. Be chatty during daytime feeds,\nand play with her. Look out for sleep cues too during the day though and if\nshe’s tired put her down for a nap.\n\nDuring night-time feeds, keep things calm and quiet. It’s a good idea to keep\neye contact and talking to a minimum and keep the lights and the noise down to\nencourage your baby to drift off again.\n\nSwaddling your baby may soothe her. For some babies it's a powerful trigger\nfor sleep, but other babies don’t enjoy it. If you decide you want to swaddle\nyour baby, the advice is to do it from birth, rather than starting later when\nyour baby is a few months old. You should also do it for both day and\nnighttime sleep.\n\nAlways allow enough room for your baby to move her hips and knees freely. Use\nthin materials, don’t swaddle too tightly and check your baby’s temperature to\nmake sure she doesn’t get too hot. Don’t swaddle above her shoulders either,\nher neck or head should never be covered. Only swaddle your baby when she’s in\nher cot or Moses basket and not in your bed and make sure you put her to sleep\non her back. Find out more about swaddling safely.\n\nWhen your baby reaches the three-month milestone and she’s starting to\nunderstand day and night more, you can introduce a bedtime routine. What you\ninclude is up to you, whether it’s a bath, reading a story, having a cuddle or\ngiving her a feed before putting her down. Your baby will appreciate having a\npredictable bedtime routine and it will help her to understand that sleep is\non its way. Studies have shown that a consistent bedtime routine helps babies\ndrift off to sleep more quickly and sleep for longer.\n\nTake a look at sleep strategies you can try between three and six months.\n\nLast reviewed: February 2020\n\n### Track your baby’s development\n\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\n\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\n\nadvertisement\n\nJoin BabyCentre\n\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\n\nMost popular in Baby\n\n * Download our free baby app\n * Milestone chart: one to six months\n * How to help your baby sleep through\n * Your complete weaning guide\n * Games to play with your baby\n * Free stuff and great deals\n\n * Community\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Find your birth club\n * Free antenatal classes\n * Meet local parents & parents-to-be\n\nPOPULAR GROUPS\n\n * Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n * What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\n * Dynamic debate\n * Actively trying for a baby\n * Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\n * IVF support group\n * Pregnant for the first time\n * Baby names\n * Breastfeeding\n * Baby-led weaning\n * Parents of toddlers\n * Coping with a miscarriage\n\nSee all in Community\n\n * Getting pregnant\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Before you begin\n * Ovulation & timing\n * Quiz: could you be pregnant?\n * Top 10 signs of pregnancy\n * Best sex positions\n * Ovulation calculator\n * Fertility tips for men\n * All about pregnancy tests\n * 9 tips to get pregnant fast\n * Can you choose your baby's sex?\n * How age affects fertility\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Trying for a baby\n * Am I pregnant?\n * Sex & conception\n * Infertility & trouble conceiving\n\nSee all in Getting Pregnant\n\n * Pregnancy\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Symptoms you should never ignore\n * How big is your baby?\n * Weekly meal planners\n * Pregnancy scans\n * Baby names finder\n * Due date calculator\n * Morning sickness remedies\n * Hospital bag checklist\n * Predicting your baby's sex\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your pregnancy week by week\n * How your baby's developing\n * Dads' guide to pregnancy\n * Labour & birth\n * Baby name inspiration\n * Popular baby names 2020\n\nSee all in Pregnancy\n\n * Baby\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Bonding with your baby\n * Breastfeeding for beginners\n * Find the right formula milk\n * Buying for your baby\n * When can your baby sleep through?\n * Name that rash!\n * Baby poo: what's normal?\n * Ways to soothe a crying baby\n * Teething timeline\n * The truth about growth spurts\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your baby week by week\n * Sleep basics\n * First foods\n * Baby development\n * The best baby products\n\nSee all in Baby\n\n * Toddler\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Dealing with tantrums\n * Food & fussy eating\n * Toddler development milestones\n * When to start potty training\n * Teething & sleep\n * Moving from a cot to a bed\n * Help your child sleep through\n * Bedtime routines\n * Learning to talk\n * Constipation in toddlers\n * Vomiting: what's normal?\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your toddler month by month\n * Potty training\n * Top sleep tips\n * Games & activities\n\nSee all in Toddler\n\n * Preschooler\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Top sleep tips for children\n * How kids learn to share\n * Coping with aggression\n * Bedtime battles\n * When your child won't stay in bed\n * Anxiety in children\n * Night terrors\n * Dealing with public tantrums\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * Your child month by month\n * Food ideas & nutrition\n * Teaching values: empathy to manners\n * Discipline tactics that work\n * Easy arts & crafts\n * Great play ideas\n * Top tips for starting school\n\nSee all in Preschooler\n\n * Life as a parent\n\nTOP RESOURCES\n\n * Your body after birth\n * Healthy post-birth weight loss\n * Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\n * Managing postnatal depression\n * The cost of childcare\n * Your rights & benefits\n * Sex secrets for parents\n * Strengthen your post-baby belly\n\nPOPULAR TOPICS\n\n * First timers: tips and advice\n * Family horoscopes\n * Getting back into shape\n * Your pelvic floor\n * Life as a mum\n * Life as a dad\n * Family finance tips\n\nSee all in Life as a Parent\n\n * Video\n\nTOP VIDEOS\n\n * How pregnancy changes your body\n * What happens during childbirth\n * What to pack in your hospital bag\n * The best positions for labour\n * How to express milk\n * How to swaddle your baby\n * Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\n * Signs of teething\n * Tummy time tips\n\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS\n\n * Fetal development stage by stage\n * Labour & birth\n * Postnatal exercises\n * Recipes for weaning & beyond\n * Baby massage how-to guides\n * Baby sleep videos\n\nSee all in Video\n\n### You might also like\n\n### You might also like\n\nWhat can I do when my baby won't nap?\n\nBedtime routines for babies\n\nYour newborn’s senses (Video)\n\nLoad more\n\nHow can I get my baby to sleep through the night?\n\nHow can I help my baby adjust to a different time zone?\n\nadvertisement\n\nGet the BabyCentre app\n\nThe #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth.\n\n### ABOUT BABYCENTRE\n\n * About us\n * Careers\n * Advertise with us\n * Media centre\n * Privacy policy\n * Terms of use\n * Cookie Policy\n\n * Help centre\n * Contact us\n * Community guidelines\n * Email subscriptions\n * Account details\n * Family information\n\n### OTHER SITES\n\n * BabyCenter US\n * BabyCenter en Español\n * Arabia\n * Australia\n * Brazil\n\n * Canada\n * France\n * Germany\n * India\n * Malaysia\n\nConnect with us\n\nAll contents copyright © BabyCenter, L.L.C. 1997-2021 All rights reserved.\n\nThis Internet site provides information of a general nature and is designed\nfor educational purposes only. If you have any concerns about your own health\nor the health of your child, you should always consult with a doctor or other\nhealthcare professional. Please review the Terms of Use before using this\nsite. Your use of the site indicates your agreement to be bound by the Terms\nof Use.\n\nThis site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its\ncontents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use.\n\nWe subscribe to the HONcode principles of the Health On the Net Foundation.\nVerify here. \n \n--- \n \n### Support for your parenting journey. Delivered to your inbox.\n\n##### My Baby This Week Newsletter\n\nKeep up with your baby’s development with personalised weekly newsletters.\n\n##### The BabyCentre Bulletin\n\nGet the latest parenting news, plus expert advice and real-world wisdom.\n\n##### Special Offers from Our Partners\n\nReceive discounts, deals and parenting information from BabyCentre’s partners.\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://sleeplady.com/newborn-sleep/8-strategies-improve-infant-sleep-naturally/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210414192524/https://sleeplady.com/newborn-sleep/8-strategies-improve-infant-sleep-naturally/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "8 Strategies to Improve Infant Sleep Naturally",
"passages": [
"Babies are naturally terrible sleepers. As parents we often feel it is best to do what nature intended, but when it comes to sleep this can be challenging. It’s completely normal for babies to wake during the night when they need to be fed, comforted, or calmed. If you have an infant, night wakings are something that you need to accept, however some babies do wake up more than others, and some take longer to get back to sleep. There are several gentle and natural strategies that can nurture good sleep habits in your baby. Using these simple strategies may improve the length and quality of your baby’s sleep, as well as reduce the amount of time it takes to settle your baby, resulting in better sleep for both you and your baby.",
"Having your baby sleep in close proximity to you has several advantages. Not only will it give you peace of mind, keeping your baby close increases emotional bonds and reduces stress levels in both you and your baby. Keeping your baby close while he sleeps enables you to respond quickly, which means that your baby can be calmed before he gets too upset, making it easier to calm him down. If your baby is stirring, a comforting touch may be all the reassurance he needs. Research has shown that babies who sleep near their parents have improved sleep. Babies who slept in close proximity to mom were shown to cry less and sleep more. When those babies kept close to mom wake up, they may fall asleep faster and as a bonus, you can get more rest as it is easier to meet your baby’s needs without having to get out of bed. Keeping your baby close also provides peace of mind that your baby is well. The American Academy of Pediatric (AAP) recommends that babies sleep in the same room as parents yet on a separate sleep surface for the first 6 months. Responding to and comforting your baby will give him a solid foundation for good sleep habits later on. When your child is secure in his relationship with you, it also helps him to be more independent when he is older. Nursing, feeding, or comforting your infant to sleep (or back to sleep) is both normal and natural. So during these early months, there is no need to worry about spoiling or creating “bad habits.”",
"Our circadian rhythm (a fancy name for our body clocks) responds primarily to light and dark. Your baby’s circadian rhythm is still developing over these first few months, and exposure to natural light will help get things sorted out. To do this, make sure your curtains are open as you move about your regular activities during the day. Naps don’t always need to be in your baby’s crib. A bassinette in the living room will help him sense the daytime rhythm of your house, although as your baby gets older and has a good day and night rhythm you’ll find that he will nap best in a dark, quiet place. Keep your baby’s room dark and quiet at night to help promote sleep. Use dim (or ambient) lighting when tending to your baby’s needs at night. Use only the minimum amount you need to see what you’re doing. A small flash light, night light, or the light from your phone would work great.",
"Fresh air is highly underrated. Exposure to fresh air during the day will not only improve your baby’s sleep, but it helps clean our lungs and increases oxygen intake. After your baby is a few weeks old, make outdoor walks a priority during your daily routine. Open the windows, relax on the patio, and enjoy the great outdoors. Of course, be mindful of the temperature and remember to dress your baby appropriately.",
"Most babies love to be held or carried, and there are many options that make this task easier. Babywearning can promote a calm and peacefulness in your baby and you that will often transfer to better nighttime sleep. Skin to skin contact can further increase this effect. According to researchers Hunzike & Barr, “Carrying infants from 3-4 hours per day reduces the duration of infant crying/fussing behavior generally as much as 43% at six weeks of age.”",
"Sleep during the day will improve your baby’s night sleep. Many parents with sleep concerns will try to restrict naps in hopes that it will improve night sleep. This usually backfires, since when babies get overtired, it makes it harder to fall asleep and reduces the quality of sleep when your baby does fall asleep. Restricting daytime sleep can result in more sleep disturbances and your baby waking up very early in the morning. For some, this can become a vicious cycle. For now, help your baby get daytime sleep anyway you can. Stationary sleep (quietly lying still in their crib) is the best option, but motion sleep (swings, carriers, rocking, holding, driving) is definitely better than no sleep. Studies have shown that your baby is more likely to sleep well at night if he gets plenty of sleep during the day. Most babies can only be awake for a maximum of 1 to 2 hours before becoming overtired; in the early weeks of your baby’s life this wakefulness window will be even shorter. Try to watch for your baby’s sleepy signs and get him down to sleep before he is overtired. Achieving adequate daytime sleep can be more difficult for some children. If you are having difficulty getting your baby to nap, try holding him, using a carrier, or motion sleep. Naps will get more organized as your baby gets closer to 6 months old. Before this age, you may need to take extra measures to help get your baby to sleep. If you find something that works, use it.",
"Studies have shown that infant massage can improve sleep at night. Infant massage works best in a calm, warm, quiet room. There are a variety of techniques, so if you’re not sure how to get started, an on-line tutorial or instruction book can give you some ideas of where to begin. Make sure you calm yourself first, and pay attention to how your baby is responding to the massage. It may take a little patience and practice before it becomes a relaxing time to bond and wind down from the day.",
"Babies will often cluster feed in the evening, seemingly wanting to eat nonstop for a few hours. This is completely normal infant behaviour. Allow your baby to nurse for as long and as often as he wants. He may be hungry, or he may also just need this time to settle and have one-on-one time with you. Evening breast milk contains melatonin (a natural hormone your body produces to help you fall asleep), which can be passed to your baby and help him fall asleep. Not surprisingly, cluster feeding is often followed by a longer stretch of sleep.",
"Interestingly, a lower body temperature promotes sleep, so cooler temperatures in the evening and through the night may aid in a good night’s sleep for both you and your baby. The current AAP recommendation is to set your child’s room temperature in a range that is comfortable for a lightly clothed adult and avoid over dressing you baby. As an adult, you may have noticed that it’s easier to sleep in a cool room with a blanket than a warm room without one. Not surprisingly, it’s the same for your baby. These gentle strategies are natural ways to help improve sleep for your baby during these early months, however they can also improve sleep for older children as well as for you. Sleep research has come a long way in the last 10 years and it’s refreshing that many of the things that parents find intuitive to do, have also been proven to be healthy and beneficial for their children. Andrea Strang is an exceptional addition to the team. She’s been working with babies for over 13 years, and has compiled a nearly unmatched record of over 10,000 hours of hands-on experience working with babies right in the home. On top of that, Andrea’s a Certified Gentle Sleep Coach and a Birth and Postpartum Doula.",
"My name is Kim West, and I’m the mother of two beautiful girls, a Licensed Clinical Social Worker who has been a practicing child and family therapist for more than 21 years, and the creator of the original gentle, proven method to get a good night’s sleep for you and your child. My sleep journey began when I started experimenting with gently shaping my daughter’s sleep by not following the conventional wisdom at the time. After having success (and then more success with my second daughter!), I began helping family and friends and my step-by-step method spread like wildfire, exactly like an excellent night of sleep for a tired parent should!",
"The testimonial statements are made by actual clients and represent reported results for the services offered by these providers. Consultants do not offer medical advice. If you have any medical concerns you should consult your doctor.",
"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "8 Strategies to Improve Infant Sleep Naturally\n\nBabies are naturally terrible sleepers. As parents we often feel it is best to\ndo what nature intended, but when it comes to sleep this can be challenging.\nIt’s completely normal for babies to wake during the night when they need to\nbe fed, comforted, or calmed. If you have an infant, night wakings are\nsomething that you need to accept, however some babies do wake up more than\nothers, and some take longer to get back to sleep. There are several gentle\nand natural strategies that can nurture good sleep habits in your baby. Using\nthese simple strategies may improve the length and quality of your baby’s\nsleep, as well as reduce the amount of time it takes to settle your baby,\nresulting in better sleep for both you and your baby.\n\n## Keep Your Baby Close\n\nHaving your baby sleep in close proximity to you has several advantages. Not\nonly will it give you peace of mind, keeping your baby close increases\nemotional bonds and reduces stress levels in both you and your baby. Keeping\nyour baby close while he sleeps enables you to respond quickly, which means\nthat your baby can be calmed before he gets too upset, making it easier to\ncalm him down. If your baby is stirring, a comforting touch may be all the\nreassurance he needs. Research has shown that babies who sleep near their\nparents have improved sleep. Babies who slept in close proximity to mom were\nshown to cry less and sleep more. When those babies kept close to mom wake up,\nthey may fall asleep faster and as a bonus, you can get more rest as it is\neasier to meet your baby’s needs without having to get out of bed. Keeping\nyour baby close also provides peace of mind that your baby is well. The\nAmerican Academy of Pediatric (AAP) recommends that babies sleep in the same\nroom as parents yet on a separate sleep surface for the first 6 months.\nResponding to and comforting your baby will give him a solid foundation for\ngood sleep habits later on. When your child is secure in his relationship with\nyou, it also helps him to be more independent when he is older. Nursing,\nfeeding, or comforting your infant to sleep (or back to sleep) is both normal\nand natural. So during these early months, there is no need to worry about\nspoiling or creating “bad habits.”\n\n## Be Aware of Your Infant’s Light Exposure\n\nOur circadian rhythm (a fancy name for our body clocks) responds primarily to\nlight and dark. Your baby’s circadian rhythm is still developing over these\nfirst few months, and exposure to natural light will help get things sorted\nout. To do this, make sure your curtains are open as you move about your\nregular activities during the day. Naps don’t always need to be in your baby’s\ncrib. A bassinette in the living room will help him sense the daytime rhythm\nof your house, although as your baby gets older and has a good day and night\nrhythm you’ll find that he will nap best in a dark, quiet place. Keep your\nbaby’s room dark and quiet at night to help promote sleep. Use dim (or\nambient) lighting when tending to your baby’s needs at night. Use only the\nminimum amount you need to see what you’re doing. A small flash light, night\nlight, or the light from your phone would work great.\n\n## Get Outside\n\nFresh air is highly underrated. Exposure to fresh air during the day will not\nonly improve your baby’s sleep, but it helps clean our lungs and increases\noxygen intake. After your baby is a few weeks old, make outdoor walks a\npriority during your daily routine. Open the windows, relax on the patio, and\nenjoy the great outdoors. Of course, be mindful of the temperature and\nremember to dress your baby appropriately.\n\n## Carry Your Baby\n\nMost babies love to be held or carried, and there are many options that make\nthis task easier. Babywearning can promote a calm and peacefulness in your\nbaby and you that will often transfer to better nighttime sleep. Skin to skin\ncontact can further increase this effect. According to researchers Hunzike &\nBarr, “Carrying infants from 3-4 hours per day reduces the duration of infant\ncrying/fussing behavior generally as much as 43% at six weeks of age.”\n\n## Make Daytime Infant Sleep a Priority\n\nSleep during the day will improve your baby’s night sleep. Many parents with\nsleep concerns will try to restrict naps in hopes that it will improve night\nsleep. This usually backfires, since when babies get overtired, it makes it\nharder to fall asleep and reduces the quality of sleep when your baby does\nfall asleep. Restricting daytime sleep can result in more sleep disturbances\nand your baby waking up very early in the morning. For some, this can become a\nvicious cycle. For now, help your baby get daytime sleep anyway you can.\nStationary sleep (quietly lying still in their crib) is the best option, but\nmotion sleep (swings, carriers, rocking, holding, driving) is definitely\nbetter than no sleep. Studies have shown that your baby is more likely to\nsleep well at night if he gets plenty of sleep during the day. Most babies can\nonly be awake for a maximum of 1 to 2 hours before becoming overtired; in the\nearly weeks of your baby’s life this wakefulness window will be even shorter.\nTry to watch for your baby’s sleepy signs and get him down to sleep before he\nis overtired. Achieving adequate daytime sleep can be more difficult for some\nchildren. If you are having difficulty getting your baby to nap, try holding\nhim, using a carrier, or motion sleep. Naps will get more organized as your\nbaby gets closer to 6 months old. Before this age, you may need to take extra\nmeasures to help get your baby to sleep. If you find something that works, use\nit.\n\n## Try Infant Massage\n\nStudies have shown that infant massage can improve sleep at night. Infant\nmassage works best in a calm, warm, quiet room. There are a variety of\ntechniques, so if you’re not sure how to get started, an on-line tutorial or\ninstruction book can give you some ideas of where to begin. Make sure you calm\nyourself first, and pay attention to how your baby is responding to the\nmassage. It may take a little patience and practice before it becomes a\nrelaxing time to bond and wind down from the day.\n\n## Breastfeed in the Evening\n\nBabies will often cluster feed in the evening, seemingly wanting to eat\nnonstop for a few hours. This is completely normal infant behaviour. Allow\nyour baby to nurse for as long and as often as he wants. He may be hungry, or\nhe may also just need this time to settle and have one-on-one time with you.\nEvening breast milk contains melatonin (a natural hormone your body produces\nto help you fall asleep), which can be passed to your baby and help him fall\nasleep. Not surprisingly, cluster feeding is often followed by a longer\nstretch of sleep.\n\n## Find the Ideal Temperature to Promote Infant Sleep\n\nInterestingly, a lower body temperature promotes sleep, so cooler temperatures\nin the evening and through the night may aid in a good night’s sleep for both\nyou and your baby. The current AAP recommendation is to set your child’s room\ntemperature in a range that is comfortable for a lightly clothed adult and\navoid over dressing you baby. As an adult, you may have noticed that it’s\neasier to sleep in a cool room with a blanket than a warm room without one.\nNot surprisingly, it’s the same for your baby. These gentle strategies are\nnatural ways to help improve sleep for your baby during these early months,\nhowever they can also improve sleep for older children as well as for you.\nSleep research has come a long way in the last 10 years and it’s refreshing\nthat many of the things that parents find intuitive to do, have also been\nproven to be healthy and beneficial for their children. Andrea Strang is an\nexceptional addition to the team. She’s been working with babies for over 13\nyears, and has compiled a nearly unmatched record of over 10,000 hours of\nhands-on experience working with babies right in the home. On top of that,\nAndrea’s a Certified Gentle Sleep Coach and a Birth and Postpartum Doula.\n\nAuthor: The Sleep Lady\n\nMy name is Kim West, and I’m the mother of two beautiful girls, a Licensed\nClinical Social Worker who has been a practicing child and family therapist\nfor more than 21 years, and the creator of the original gentle, proven method\nto get a good night’s sleep for you and your child. My sleep journey began\nwhen I started experimenting with gently shaping my daughter’s sleep by not\nfollowing the conventional wisdom at the time. After having success (and then\nmore success with my second daughter!), I began helping family and friends and\nmy step-by-step method spread like wildfire, exactly like an excellent night\nof sleep for a tired parent should!\n\nPrevious\n\n7 Essential Infant Tips For New Parents\n\nNext\n\nSleep Regression or Night Terrors? Ask the Sleep Lady\n\n### Related Posts\n\nBaby Sleep Coach — When to Hire a Professional\n\nMarch 18, 2021\n\nBaby Steps — Where to Start Before Sleep Coaching 100%\n\nMarch 17, 2021\n\nHow Much Does a Sleep Coach Cost?\n\nFebruary 23, 2021\n\nNewborn Sleep Patterns — How to Nurture Your Baby the First Months\n\nJanuary 22, 2021\n\n### Celebrate Kim's Birthday!\n\n#### Get our sleep course for just $98 - today only!\n\nClaim this offer\n\n### Search for articles by keyword or topic\n\n##### COMMON ISSUES\n\n#### FIND SLEEP SOLUTIONS AND RESOURCES SPECIFIC TO YOUR CHILD'S DEVELOPMENT\nSTAGE\n\nNewborn 0-5 months\n\nBaby 6-12 Months Old\n\nToddler 13 Months-2.5 Years Old\n\nChild 2.5-6 Years Old\n\nDownload my FREE app, Gentle Sleep Sleep Log, Baby Data Tracking, and Sleep\nContent\n\nGood sleep habits build a positive parent-child attachment and encourage a\nstrong bond.\n\n#### FIND A GSC\n\nGet help today!\n\nFind a certified sleep coach near you and find gentle sleep.\n\nFind a Gentle Sleep Coach\n\n### The Sleep Lady\n\n * About Us\n * Help + Contacts Us\n * Professional Resources\n * Become an Affiliate\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Refund Policy\n * Sweepstakes Terms and Conditions\n * Sitemap\n\n### Gentle Sleep Coach Certification & Training Program\n\n * Program Overview\n * GSC Worldwide Directory\n\nThe testimonial statements are made by actual clients and represent reported\nresults for the services offered by these providers. Consultants do not offer\nmedical advice. If you have any medical concerns you should consult your\ndoctor.\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\n© 2021 Baby Sleep Coaching by the Sleep Lady - All Rights Reserved\n\n"
}
] |
40,992 | How To Factor a Number | To factor a number, first find 2 numbers that multiply to make that number. For example, if you want to factor 12, you could use 4 and 3 since they multiply to make 12. Next, determine whether those 2 numbers can be factored again. In this example, 3 can't be factored again because it's a prime number, but 4 can be since 2 multiplied by 2 equals 4. Repeat this process until all of the numbers are prime numbers, and then write your answer like 12 = 2 × 2 × 3. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200815054429/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190120204544/https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200310094113/http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921190601/https://sciencing.com/factors-number-quickly-easily-5192972.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200806065616/https://sciencing.com/factor-negative-numbers-8170436.html"
] | train | 503 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200815054429/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Factoring Numbers",
"passages": [
"\"Factors\" are the numbers you multiply to get another number. For instance, factors of 15 are 3 and 5, because 3×5 = 15. Some numbers have more than one factorization (more than one way of being factored). For instance, 12 can be factored as 1×12, 2×6, or 3×4. A number that can only be factored as 1 times itself is called \"prime\". The first few primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. The number 1 is not regarded as a prime, and is usually not included in factorizations, because 1 goes into everything. (The number 1 is a bit boring in this context, so it gets ignored.)",
"You most often want to find the \"prime factorization\" of a number: the list of all the prime-number factors of a given number. The prime factorization does not include 1, but does include every copy of every prime factor. For instance, the prime factorization of 8 is 2×2×2, not just \"2\". Yes, 2 is the only factor, but you need three copies of it to multiply back to 8, so the prime factorization includes all three copies.",
"On the other hand, the prime factorization includes ONLY the prime factors, not any products of those factors. For instance, even though 2×2 = 4, and even though 4 is a divisor of 8, 4 is NOT in the PRIME factorization of 8. That is because 8 does NOT equal 2×2×2×4! This accidental over-duplication of factors is another reason why the prime factorization is often best: it avoids counting any factor too many times. Suppose that you need to find the prime factorization of 24. Sometimes a student will just list all the divisors of 24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24. Then the student will do something like make the product of all these divisors: 1×2×3×4×6×8×12×24. But this equals 331776, not 24. So it's best to stick to the prime factorization, even if the problem doesn't require it, in order to avoid either omitting a factor or else over- duplicating one.",
"In the case of 24, you can find the prime factorization by taking 24 and dividing it by the smallest prime number that goes into 24: 24 ÷ 2 = 12. (Actually, the \"smallest\" part is not as important as the \"prime\" part; the \"smallest\" part is mostly to make your work easier, because dividing by smaller numbers is simpler.) Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 12: 12 ÷ 2 = 6. Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 6: 6 ÷ 2 = 3. Since 3 is prime, you're done factoring, and the prime factorization is 2×2×2×3.",
"The nice thing about this upside-down division is that, when you're done, the prime factorization is the product of all the numbers around the outside. The factors are circled in red above. By the way, this upside-down division is something that should probably be done on scratch-paper, and not handed in as part of your homework.",
"Some texts prefer that answers such as this be written using exponential notation, in which case the final answer would be written as 2×3×5^2×7.",
"You can do the repeated division \"right-side up\", too, if you prefer. The process works the same way, but the division is reversed in orientation. The above problem would be worked out like this:",
"By the way, there are some divisibility rules that can help you find the numbers to divide by. There are many divisibility rules, but the simplest to use are these:",
"If the number's digits sum to a number that's divisible by 3, then the number itself is divisible by 3.",
"Of course, if the number is divisible twice by 2, then it's divisible by 4; if it's divisible by 2 and by 3, then it's divisible by 6; and if it's divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9. But since you're finding the prime factorization, you don't really care about these non-prime divisibility rules. There is a rule for divisibility by 7, but it's complicated enough that it's probably easier to just do the division on your calculator and see if it comes out even.",
"If you run out of small primes and you're not done factoring, then keep trying bigger and bigger primes (11, 13, 17, 19, 23, etc) until you find something that works – or until you reach primes whose squares are bigger than what you're dividing into. Why? If your prime doesn't divide in, then the only potential divisors are bigger primes. Since the square of your prime is bigger than the number, then a bigger prime must have as its remainder a smaller number than your prime. The only smaller number left, since all the smaller primes have been eliminated, is 1. So the number left must be prime, and you're done.",
"You can use the Mathway widget below to practice finding the prime factorization. Try the entered exercise, or type in your own exercise. Then click the button to compare your answer to Mathway's.",
"(Clicking on \"Tap to view steps\" on the widget's answer screen will take you to the Mathway site for a paid upgrade.)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Factoring Numbers | Purplemath\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n\n * Alphabetically\n * In Study Order\n * HW Guidelines\n * Study Skills Quiz\n * Find Local Tutors\n\n * Demo MathHelp.com\n * Join MathHelp.com\n * Login\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n * Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * COMPASS Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * NES Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * \\+ more tests\n * K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n * College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n * Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n# Factoring Numbers\n\n## Purplemath\n\n\"Factors\" are the numbers you multiply to get another number. For instance,\nfactors of 15 are 3 and 5, because 3×5 = 15. Some numbers have more than one\nfactorization (more than one way of being factored). For instance, 12 can be\nfactored as 1×12, 2×6, or 3×4. A number that can only be factored as 1 times\nitself is called \"prime\". The first few primes are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, and 13. The\nnumber 1 is not regarded as a prime, and is usually not included in\nfactorizations, because 1 goes into everything. (The number 1 is a bit boring\nin this context, so it gets ignored.)\n\nContent Continues Below\n\n## MathHelp.com\n\nFactoring Numbers: Prime Factorization\n\nYou most often want to find the \"prime factorization\" of a number: the list of\nall the prime-number factors of a given number. The prime factorization does\nnot include 1, but does include every copy of every prime factor. For\ninstance, the prime factorization of 8 is 2×2×2, not just \"2\". Yes, 2 is the\nonly factor, but you need three copies of it to multiply back to 8, so the\nprime factorization includes all three copies.\n\nAffiliate\n\nOn the other hand, the prime factorization includes ONLY the prime factors,\nnot any products of those factors. For instance, even though 2×2 = 4, and even\nthough 4 is a divisor of 8, 4 is NOT in the PRIME factorization of 8. That is\nbecause 8 does NOT equal 2×2×2×4! This accidental over-duplication of factors\nis another reason why the prime factorization is often best: it avoids\ncounting any factor too many times. Suppose that you need to find the prime\nfactorization of 24. Sometimes a student will just list all the divisors of\n24: 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12, and 24. Then the student will do something like make\nthe product of all these divisors: 1×2×3×4×6×8×12×24. But this equals 331776,\nnot 24. So it's best to stick to the prime factorization, even if the problem\ndoesn't require it, in order to avoid either omitting a factor or else over-\nduplicating one.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIn the case of 24, you can find the prime factorization by taking 24 and\ndividing it by the smallest prime number that goes into 24: 24 ÷ 2 = 12.\n(Actually, the \"smallest\" part is not as important as the \"prime\" part; the\n\"smallest\" part is mostly to make your work easier, because dividing by\nsmaller numbers is simpler.) Now divide out the smallest number that goes into\n12: 12 ÷ 2 = 6. Now divide out the smallest number that goes into 6: 6 ÷ 2 =\n3. Since 3 is prime, you're done factoring, and the prime factorization is\n2×2×2×3.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAn easy way of keeping track of the factorization is to do upside-down\ndivision. It looks like this:\n\n(The above graphic is animated on the \"live\" page.)\n\nThe nice thing about this upside-down division is that, when you're done, the\nprime factorization is the product of all the numbers around the outside. The\nfactors are circled in red above. By the way, this upside-down division is\nsomething that should probably be done on scratch-paper, and not handed in as\npart of your homework.\n\n * #### Find the prime factorization of 1050.\n\nI'll do the upside-down division:\n\n(The above graphic is animated on the \"live\" page.)\n\nThen my answer is: 1050 = 2 × 3 × 5 × 5 × 7\n\nSome texts prefer that answers such as this be written using exponential\nnotation, in which case the final answer would be written as 2×3×5^2×7.\n\nYou can do the repeated division \"right-side up\", too, if you prefer. The\nprocess works the same way, but the division is reversed in orientation. The\nabove problem would be worked out like this:\n\n * #### Find the prime factorization of 1092.\n\nI'll do the repeated division:\n\n1092 = 2 × 2 × 3 × 7 × 13\n\nThis answer might also be written as 2^2×3×7×13.\n\nContent Continues Below\n\nBy the way, there are some divisibility rules that can help you find the\nnumbers to divide by. There are many divisibility rules, but the simplest to\nuse are these:\n\nIf the number is even, then it's divisible by 2.\n\nIf the number's digits sum to a number that's divisible by 3, then the number\nitself is divisible by 3.\n\nIf the number ends with a 0 or a 5, then it's divisible by 5.\n\nOf course, if the number is divisible twice by 2, then it's divisible by 4; if\nit's divisible by 2 and by 3, then it's divisible by 6; and if it's divisible\ntwice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's\ndivisible by 9. But since you're finding the prime factorization, you don't\nreally care about these non-prime divisibility rules. There is a rule for\ndivisibility by 7, but it's complicated enough that it's probably easier to\njust do the division on your calculator and see if it comes out even.\n\nAffiliate\n\nIf you run out of small primes and you're not done factoring, then keep trying\nbigger and bigger primes (11, 13, 17, 19, 23, etc) until you find something\nthat works – or until you reach primes whose squares are bigger than what\nyou're dividing into. Why? If your prime doesn't divide in, then the only\npotential divisors are bigger primes. Since the square of your prime is bigger\nthan the number, then a bigger prime must have as its remainder a smaller\nnumber than your prime. The only smaller number left, since all the smaller\nprimes have been eliminated, is 1. So the number left must be prime, and\nyou're done.\n\nYou can use the Mathway widget below to practice finding the prime\nfactorization. Try the entered exercise, or type in your own exercise. Then\nclick the button to compare your answer to Mathway's.\n\nPlease accept \"preferences\" cookies in order to enable this widget.\n\n(Clicking on \"Tap to view steps\" on the widget's answer screen will take you\nto the Mathway site for a paid upgrade.)\n\nURL: https://www.purplemath.com/modules/factnumb.htm\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n#### Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * COMPASS Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * NES Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * \\+ more tests\n\n#### K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n#### College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n\n#### Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n### Share This Page\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n * About Purplemath\n * About the Author\n * Tutoring from PM\n\n * Advertising\n * Linking to PM\n * Site licencing\n\n### Visit Our Profiles\n\n© 2020 Purplemath. All right reserved. Web Design by\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190120204544/https://www.chilimath.com/lessons/introductory-algebra/prime-factorization/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Prime Factorization",
"passages": [
"The method of prime factorization is used to “break down” or express a given number as a product of prime numbers. More so, if a prime number occurs more than once in the factorization, it is usually expressed as exponential numbers to make it look more compact. Otherwise, we will have a long list of prime numbers being multiplied together. In this lesson, I have prepared eight (8) worked examples to explain the process of factorization using Prime numbers.",
"Let’s get started by defining first what a prime number is. Study both the examples and counterexamples of prime numbers carefully.",
"A prime number p is a whole number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1 and itself. Another way of saying it, a prime number has exactly two factors, namely: 1 and itself.",
"The number 31 is a prime number because it can only be divided by two numbers namely 1 and 31 (itself)",
"The number 10 is not a prime number because it is divisible by 1, 5, and 10 (itself) therefore having more than two factors",
"The number 27 is not a prime number because it is divisible by more than two factors other than 1 and itself that includes 3 and 9",
"The number 49 is not a prime number because it can also be divided by 7 other than 1 and 49 (itself), thus having more than two factors",
"Step 1: List down at least the first few prime numbers in increasing order. I will stop at 19 because this is large enough for the numbers in this tutorial that we will factorize.",
"Step 2: For any given number, test if it is divisible by the smallest prime number which is 2. If the prime number 2 divides the given number evenly, then express it as factors:",
"Step 3: Check again if the other number that comes out is divisible by 2. If it is, keep going until the new number is no longer divisible by 2. Two things can happen here:",
"After repeated division of 2, you end up having a composite number (not prime) but cannot be divided by 2. Move to Step 4.",
"Step 4: Move to the next larger prime numbers such as 3, 5, 7 and so on, as needed to check if the number that we left off in prior step can be divided evenly further. This repetitive process of dividing by prime numbers in increasing order will ultimately give us the last prime factor.",
"Final Step: At this point, we should have a long list of prime numbers that are being multiplied together. We just need to present our final answer as a product of exponential expressions with prime bases. That is it! A quick example may look like this...",
"I begin by listing the first few prime numbers in increasing order. The goal is to keep dividing the given number by an appropriate prime number starting from the lowest until the last quotient becomes prime as well.",
"There are two common ways to perform prime factorization. The first is called the Prime Factor Tree, and the second is known as the Upside-Down Division. With this, I will also show you two ways to prime factorize the number 40.",
"We can divide 40 and its quotient by the prime number 2 three times which means this prime number will have an exponent of 3 in the factorization.",
"I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.",
"Notice that we can perform repeated division of prime number 2, until reaching the prime number 5 as its final whole number quotient (most bottom).",
"This is an even number, and thus divisible by prime number 2. So without hesitation, I begin using it as the starting divisor of choice.",
"I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.",
"I first recognize that 147 is an odd number, therefore, not divisible by 2. Move on to the next larger prime number, which in case 3.",
"I am not sure if you have encountered the “nice” the divisibility rule for number 3. It states that if the sum of the digits in a number is divisible by 3, then the original number is also divisible by 3.",
"We have 147, the sum of its digits is 147 = 1 + 4 + 7 = 12 which is divisible by 3. This implies that 147 must also be divisible by 3.",
"You don’t have to show every time the prime factorization of a number using the two methods. Just pick the one that is easy or convenient for you. For this exercise, I will utilize the Factor Tree method.",
"Since prime number 2 can’t evenly divide 147, check on the next larger prime which is 3. Yep! This should work.",
"We know that any even number is always divisible by 2. So I would start dividing 540 by prime number 2. Let me use Upside-Down Division to prime factorize this number.",
"The given number 540 is even so 2 can divide it. Here, we perform two successive division using prime number 2 as the divisor.",
"Do repeated division by 3, and you should end up with the last factor of 5 which is a prime number. That’s it! Just collect the distinct primes and assign appropriate powers or exponents to present your final answer.",
"You may also do the prime factorization in its most straightforward way – that is, factor out the number horizontally and down the line. Just make sure that you always start with the lowest prime number, and go to the next larger one as needed to break it down until you end up with the final prime factor. Some textbooks do it this way to save space. It’s nice to add this method to your math “toolbox”.",
"NOTE: I used a slightly different method here. I call it, “Composite stays inside, Prime stays outside“. I am pertaining to the parenthesis in reference to where the composite or prime number stays.",
"The goal is to keep the factored prime numbers outside the parenthesis while forcing the composite numbers to stay inside. In the end, we should have all primes and the parentheses disappear!",
"We use cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Please click OK or Scroll Down to use this site with cookies. Otherwise, check your browser settings. OK!Cookie Policy"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Prime Factorization - ChiliMath\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nChiliMath\n\nFree Math Help\n\nYou are here: Home\n\n/ Lessons\n\n/ Introductory Algebra\n\n/ Prime Factorization\n\n# Prime Factorization using Factor Tree and Upside-Down Division\n\nThe method of prime factorization is used to “break down” or express a given\nnumber as a product of prime numbers. More so, if a prime number occurs more\nthan once in the factorization, it is usually expressed as exponential numbers\nto make it look more compact. Otherwise, we will have a long list of prime\nnumbers being multiplied together. In this lesson, I have prepared eight (8)\nworked examples to explain the process of factorization using Prime numbers.\n\n### Definition of a Prime Number, and Examples and Non-examples of Prime\nNumbers\n\nLet’s get started by defining first what a prime number is. Study both the\nexamples and counterexamples of prime numbers carefully.\n\nWhat is a Prime Number?\n\nA prime number p is a whole number greater than 1 that is only divisible by 1\nand itself. Another way of saying it, a prime number has exactly two factors,\nnamely: 1 and itself.\n\nFor more math videos, click \"VIDEOS\" on the menu above\n\nExamples of Prime Numbers:\n\n * The number 2 is a prime number because it is divisible only by 1 and 2 (itself)\n\n * The number 17 is a prime number because it has exactly two factors which are 1 and 17 (itself)\n\n * The number 31 is a prime number because it can only be divided by two numbers namely 1 and 31 (itself)\n\nExamples of Numbers that are Not Prime\n\n * The number 10 is not a prime number because it is divisible by 1, 5, and 10 (itself) therefore having more than two factors\n\n * The number 27 is not a prime number because it is divisible by more than two factors other than 1 and itself that includes 3 and 9\n\n * The number 49 is not a prime number because it can also be divided by 7 other than 1 and 49 (itself), thus having more than two factors\n\nNow, I will explain the general steps involved in performing prime\nfactorization of a given positive integer.\n\n## How to Perform Prime Factorization\n\nStep 1: List down at least the first few prime numbers in increasing order. I\nwill stop at 19 because this is large enough for the numbers in this tutorial\nthat we will factorize.\n\n2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19 ...\n\nStep 2: For any given number, test if it is divisible by the smallest prime\nnumber which is 2. If the prime number 2 divides the given number evenly, then\nexpress it as factors:\n\nStep 3: Check again if the other number that comes out is divisible by 2. If\nit is, keep going until the new number is no longer divisible by 2. Two things\ncan happen here:\n\n * After repeated division of 2, you end up getting a prime number. Proceed to Final step. You’re almost done!\n\n * After repeated division of 2, you end up having a composite number (not prime) but cannot be divided by 2. Move to Step 4.\n\nStep 4: Move to the next larger prime numbers such as 3, 5, 7 and so on, as\nneeded to check if the number that we left off in prior step can be divided\nevenly further. This repetitive process of dividing by prime numbers in\nincreasing order will ultimately give us the last prime factor.\n\nFinal Step: At this point, we should have a long list of prime numbers that\nare being multiplied together. We just need to present our final answer as a\nproduct of exponential expressions with prime bases. That is it! A quick\nexample may look like this...\n\nThe exponent of each prime number tells how many times that prime occurs as\nfactors.\n\n### Examples of How to Perform Prime Factorization using Prime Factor Tree and\nUpside-Down Division\n\nExample 1: Find the prime factorization of 40 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nI begin by listing the first few prime numbers in increasing order. The goal\nis to keep dividing the given number by an appropriate prime number starting\nfrom the lowest until the last quotient becomes prime as well.\n\nThere are two common ways to perform prime factorization. The first is called\nthe Prime Factor Tree, and the second is known as the Upside-Down Division.\nWith this, I will also show you two ways to prime factorize the number 40.\n\nPrime Factor Tree\n\n * Start by dividing the given number by the smallest prime which is 2.\n\n * The factors of the number above are broken down into “branches” as indicated by the line segments.\n\n * We can divide 40 and its quotient by the prime number 2 three times which means this prime number will have an exponent of 3 in the factorization.\n\n * The last quotient after the repeated division of 2 is a prime number which is 5.\n\n * Upon reaching a prime number as its last quotient in the process, this shows that we are done!\n\nUpside-Down Division\n\n * Now you know why it is called the Upside-Down Division because the division symbol is literally upside-down.\n\n * I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\n\n * Notice that we can perform repeated division of prime number 2, until reaching the prime number 5 as its final whole number quotient (most bottom).\n\n * Present the final factorization as a product of exponential numbers having a prime number base in the exponential notation.\n\nExample 2: Find the prime factorization of 32 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nThis is an even number, and thus divisible by prime number 2. So without\nhesitation, I begin using it as the starting divisor of choice.\n\nPrime Factor Tree\n\n * Start by dividing the given number by the smallest prime which is 2.\n\n * The factors of the number above are broken down into “branches” as indicated by the line segments.\n\n * After the repeated division of 2, we also arrive at the final factor of 2. This is done!\n\n * Since prime number 2 appears five times as factors, then the final answer will be 32 = {2^5}.\n\nUpside-Down Division\n\n * I start dividing the given number by the smallest prime number which is 2. If that prime evenly divides the number, then I place the quotient below. Continue the process as needed.\n\n * This is great! We only used a single prime number to work this out until the end.\n\n * Prime number 2 appears five times as factors. Thus our answer is simply 32 = {2^5}.\n\nExample 3: Find the prime factorization of 147 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nI first recognize that 147 is an odd number, therefore, not divisible by 2.\nMove on to the next larger prime number, which in case 3.\n\nI am not sure if you have encountered the “nice” the divisibility rule for\nnumber 3. It states that if the sum of the digits in a number is divisible by\n3, then the original number is also divisible by 3.\n\nWe have 147, the sum of its digits is 147 = 1 + 4 + 7 = 12 which is divisible\nby 3. This implies that 147 must also be divisible by 3.\n\nYou don’t have to show every time the prime factorization of a number using\nthe two methods. Just pick the one that is easy or convenient for you. For\nthis exercise, I will utilize the Factor Tree method.\n\nPrime Factor Tree\n\n * Since prime number 2 can’t evenly divide 147, check on the next larger prime which is 3. Yep! This should work.\n\n * After dividing 147 by 3, I get 49 which is obviously a perfect square since 49 = {7^2}\n\n * The next logical prime number to use as the divisor is 7.\n\nExample 4: Find the prime factorization of 540 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nWe know that any even number is always divisible by 2. So I would start\ndividing 540 by prime number 2. Let me use Upside-Down Division to prime\nfactorize this number.\n\nUpside-Down Division\n\n * The given number 540 is even so 2 can divide it. Here, we perform two successive division using prime number 2 as the divisor.\n\n * We arrive at 135 as the partial factor which is divisible by the next larger prime, that is 3!\n\n * Do repeated division by 3, and you should end up with the last factor of 5 which is a prime number. That’s it! Just collect the distinct primes and assign appropriate powers or exponents to present your final answer.\n\nExample 5: Find the prime factorization of 945 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nYou may also do the prime factorization in its most straightforward way – that\nis, factor out the number horizontally and down the line. Just make sure that\nyou always start with the lowest prime number, and go to the next larger one\nas needed to break it down until you end up with the final prime factor. Some\ntextbooks do it this way to save space. It’s nice to add this method to your\nmath “toolbox”.\n\nSolution:\n\nIt has five prime factors where three (3) of them are distinct, namely: 3, 5\nand 7.\n\nExample 6: Find the prime factorization of 1320 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nSolution:\n\nExample 7: Find the prime factorization of 2025 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nHINT: The given number is odd, so prime number 2 cannot divide it evenly.\nStart with 3.\n\nSolution:\n\nExample 8: Find the prime factorization of 432 and express it in exponential\nnotation.\n\nNOTE: I used a slightly different method here. I call it, “Composite stays\ninside, Prime stays outside“. I am pertaining to the parenthesis in reference\nto where the composite or prime number stays.\n\nSolution:\n\nThe goal is to keep the factored prime numbers outside the parenthesis while\nforcing the composite numbers to stay inside. In the end, we should have all\nprimes and the parentheses disappear!\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Popular Lessons\n\nDistance Formula Algebraic Expressions Arithmetic Sequence Formula Solving\nLogarithmic Equations Solving Absolute Value Equations Simplifying Factorials\nLogarithm Rules Inverse of Logarithmic Function Cramer's Rule with Three\nVariables Determinant of 3x3 Matrix\n\n## Footer\n\nAbout Me Sitemap Contact Me\n\nCopyright 2011-2018 ChiliMath® is a registered trademark. All Rights Reserved\n\nPrivacy Policy Cookie Policy Terms of Service\n\nWe use cookies to give you the best experience on our website. Please click OK\nor Scroll Down to use this site with cookies. Otherwise, check your browser\nsettings. OK!Cookie Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200310094113/http://www.amsi.org.au/teacher_modules/Multiples_factors_and_powers.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Multiples, Factors and Powers",
"passages": [
"Multiplication and division of whole numbers throw up many surprising things. This module encourages multiplicative thinking about numbers, and introduces ideas that are essential skills in fractions and algebra.",
"The ideas of this module are presented in purely arithmetical form, and no algebra is used except in some remarks that look forward to later work. The only numbers in the module are whole numbers, apart from the final paragraphs, where fractions are used so that the fifth index law can be presented in a more satisfactory form.",
"Students first meet the distinction between odd numbers and even numbers in early primary school, but it is useful everywhere in mathematics. Even numbers are multiples of 2, and more generally, multiples arise throughout mathematics and everyday life. The mass of a stack of bricks is a multiple of the mass of one brick. The number of pages in a packet of notebooks is a multiple of the number of pages in one notebook.",
"The factors of a number can be displayed using rectangular arrays. Some numbers, such as 30, can arise in many different ways as a product,",
"30 = 1 × 30 = 2 × 15 = 3 × 10 = 5 × 6 = 2 × 3 × 5,",
"whereas a number such as 31 can only be written trivially as the product 31 = 1 × 31. This idea leads to the classification of numbers greater than 1 as either prime or composite, and to a listing of all the factors of a number.",
"There are several groups of well-known divisibility tests that can check whether a number is a factor without actually performing the division. These tests greatly simplify the listing of factors of numbers.",
"Repeated addition leads to multiplication. Repeated multiplication in turn leads to powers, and manipulating powers in turn relies on five index laws. Powers are introduced in this module, together with four of the five index laws.",
"We are used to comparing numbers in terms of their size. The highest common factor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) allow us to compare numbers in terms of their factors and multiples. For example, when we look at 30 and 12, we see that they are both multiples of 6, and that 6 is the greatest factor common to both numbers. We also see that 60 is a multiple of both numbers, and that 60 is the lowest common multiple of them (apart from 0). The HCF and LCM are essential for fractions and later for algebra.",
"The array representing the even number 10 has the dots divided evenly into two equal rows of 5, but the array representing the odd number 11 has an extra odd dot left over.",
"the even and odd numbers alternate, starting with 0, which is an even number because 0 + 0 = 0.",
"When music is written in double time, like the Australian National Anthem, the notes are alternately stressed, unstressed, stressed, unstressed,...",
"Indeed, our concept of the number 2 is so different from our conceptions of all other numbers that we even use different language. We divide a pie between two people, but among three people. We identify two alternatives, but three options. The word ‘doubt’ is related to the Latin ‘duo’, the word ‘two-faced’ means ‘liar’, and the traditional number of the devil is 2.",
"There are several obvious facts about calculations with odd and even numbers that are very useful as an automatic check of calculations. First, addition and subtraction:",
"Proofs by arrays usually convince students more than algebraic proofs. The diagram below illustrates ‘odd plus odd equals even’, and shows how everything depends on the odd dot left over. The other cases are very similar.",
"Proofs by arrays can be used here, but they are unwieldy. Instead, we will use the previous results for adding odd and even numbers. Here are examples of the three cases:",
"6 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 and 5 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4.",
"What can we say about the quotients of odd and even numbers? Assuming in each case that the division has no remainder, complete each sentence below, if possible. Justify your answers by examples.",
"The previous results on the arithmetic of odd and even numbers can be obtained later after pronumerals have been introduced, and expansions of brackets and taking out a common factor dealt with. The important first step is:",
"Obtain the previous results on the addition and multiplication of odd and even numbers by algebra. Begin, ‘Let the even numbers be 2a and 2b, and the odd numbers be 2a + 1 and 2b + 1, where a and b are whole numbers.’",
"In the previous section, we represented even numbers by arrays with two equal rows, and odd numbers by arrays with two rows in which one row has one more dot than the other.",
"Representing numbers by arrays is an excellent way to illustrate some of their properties. For example, the arrays below illustrate significant properties of the numbers 10, 9, 8 and 7.",
"The first array shows that 10 can be factored as 10 = 5 × 2, which means that 10 is an even number.",
"The convention used in these modules is that the first factor represents the number of rows, and the second factor represents the number of columns. The opposite convention, however, would be equally acceptable.",
"The first array shows that 9 is a square because it can be represented as a square array. The corresponding factoring is 9 = 3 × 3.",
"The third array shows that 8 is a cube because it can be represented as a cubic array. The corresponding factoring is 8 = 2 × 2 × 2.",
"The interesting thing about the number 7 is that it only has the trivial array, because 7 dots cannot be arranged in any rectangular array apart from a trivial array.",
"Numbers greater than 1 with only a trivial rectangular array are called prime numbers. All other whole numbers greater than 1 are called composite numbers.",
"We shall discuss prime numbers in a great deal more detail in the later module, Primes and Prime Factorisation. The usual definition of a prime number expresses exactly the same thing in terms of factors:",
"Draw all possible rectangular arrays for the numbers from 1 to 12, including any three dimensional arrays, and identify the corresponding factorings. Which of these numbers are prime, which are composite, which are square, and which are even?\nb",
"What is the smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic? What are the side lengths of the corresponding arrays?\ng",
"Why is a manufacturer more likely to pack his goods in packets of 30 than in packets of 29 or 31?\nclick for screencast",
"Prove that in any square array, the number of dots on the outside of the array is a multiple of 4.\nb",
"Hence prove that the difference of two even squares is divisible by 4, and that the difference of two odd squares is divisible by 4.\nreturn to top",
"A triangular number is a number that can be represented as a triangular array, in which each row has one more dot than the row above.",
"In the diagram to the right, two copies of the fourth triangular number have been fitted together to make a rectangle.",
"Explain how to calculate from this diagram that the 4th triangular number is 10. Hence calculate the 100th triangular number.",
"Because 6 is an even number, all its multiples are even. The multiples of an odd number such as 7, however, alternate even, odd, even, odd, even,... because we are adding the odd number 7 at each step.",
"The number zero is a multiple of every number. Because of this, the word ‘multiple’ is sometimes used in the sense of ‘nonzero multiple’, but we will always add the word ‘nonzero’ when 0 is excluded.",
"The multiples of zero are all zero. Every other whole number has infinitely many multiples. This phrase ‘infinitely many’ has a very precise meaning — however many multiples you write down, there is always another multiple that you haven’t written down.",
"We can illustrate the multiples of a number using arrays with three columns and an increasing numbers of rows. Here are the first few multiples of 3:",
"Rows and columns can be exchanged. Thus the multiples of 3 could also be illustrated using arrays with three rows and an increasing numbers of columns.",
"The repeating pattern of common multiples is a great help in understanding division. Here again are the multiples of 6,",
"To divide any other number such as 29 by 6, we first locate 29 between two multiples of 6. Thus we locate 29 between 24 and 30. Because 29 = 24 + 5, we write",
"Notice that the remainder is always a whole number less than 6, because the multiples of 6 step up by 6 each time. Hence with division by 6 there are only 6 possible remainders,",
"This result takes a very simple form when we divide by 2, because the only possible remainders are 0 and 1.",
"In later years, when students have become far more confident with algebra, these remarks about division can be written down very precisely in what is called the division algorithm.",
"Given a whole number n (the dividend) and a nonzero whole number d (the divisor), there are unique whole numbers q (the quotient) and r (the remainder) so that:",
"The table above shows all the whole numbers written out systematically in 7 columns. Suppose that each number in the table is divided by 7 to produced a quotient and a remainder.",
"When 22 and 41 are divided by 6, their remainders are 4 and 5 respectively. Yet when their sum 63 is divided by 6, the remainder is 3, and is not 4 + 5 = 9. Explain.",
"An important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of multiples. Let us write out the first few multiples of 4, and the first few multiples of 6, and compare the two lists.",
"Apart from zero, which is a common multiple of any two numbers, the lowest common multiple of 4 and 6 is 12.",
"A common multiple of two or more nonzero whole numbers is a whole number that a multiple of all of them.",
"The lowest common multiple or LCM of two or more whole numbers is the smallest of their common multiples, apart from zero.",
"Write out the first few common multiples of 12 and of 16. Hence write out the first few common multiples of 12 and 16, and state their lowest common multiple.\nb",
"The LCM of 4, 6 and 9 is 36.\nTwo or more nonzero numbers always have a common multiple — just multiply the numbers together. But the product of the numbers is not necessarily their lowest common multiple. For example, in the case above of 4 and 6, one common multiple is 4 × 6 = 24, but their lowest common multiple is 12.",
"Every number is a multiple of 1, so the LCM of 1 and 14 is 14.\nThe common multiples are the multiples of the LCM",
"You will have noticed that the list of common multiples of 4 and 6 is actually a list of multiples of their LCM 12. Similarly, the list of common multiples of 12 and 16 is a list of the multiples of their LCM 48.",
"This is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. In an exercise at the end of the module, Primes and Prime Factorisation, however, we have indicated how to prove the result using prime factorisation.",
"We say that 6 is a factor of 18 because 18 can be factored as the product 18 = 6 × 3.",
"The number zero is a multiple of every number, so every number is a factor of zero. On the other hand, zero is the only multiple of zero, so zero is a factor of no numbers except zero. These rather odd remarks are better left unsaid, unless students insist. They should certainly not become a distraction from the nonzero whole numbers that we want to discuss.",
"The product of two nonzero whole numbers is always greater than or equal to each factor in the product. Hence the factors of a nonzero number like 12 are all less than or equal to 12. Thus whereas a positive whole number has infinitely many multiples, it has only finitely many factors.",
"The long way to find all the factors of 12 is to test systematically all the whole numbers less than 12 to see whether or not they go into 12 without remainder. The list of factors of 12 is",
"It is very easy to overlook factors by this method, however. A far more efficient way, is to look for pairs of factors whose product is 12. Begin by testing all the whole numbers 1, 2, ... that could be the smaller of a pair of factors with product 12,",
"We stop at 3 because 42 = 16 is greater than 12, so 4 cannot be the smaller of a pair. Now we add, in reverse order, the complementary factor of each pair, that is, 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 ÷ 2 = 6 and 12 ÷ 1 = 12,",
"Another important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of factors. Let us write out the lists of factors of 18 and 30, and compare the lists.",
"A common factor of two or more whole numbers is a whole number that is a factor of all of them.",
"Write out the factors of 30 and of 75. Hence write out the common factors of 30 and 75, and their highest common factor.\nb",
"The factors of 30 are 1, 30, 2, 15, 3, 10, 5, 6. The factors of 75 are 1, 75, 3, 25, 5, 15. Hence the common factors of 30 and 75 are 1, 3, 5, 15, and their HCF is 15.\nb",
"The HCF of 82 and 102 is 22.\nAny collection of whole numbers always has 1 as a common factor. The question is whether the numbers have common factors greater than 1.",
"Every whole number is a factor of 0, so the common factors of 0 and say 12 are just the factors of 12, and the HCF of 0 and 12 is 12. A nonzero whole number has only a finite number of factors, so it has a greatest factor. Two or more numbers always have a HCF because at least one of them is nonzero. These are distractions from the main ideas.",
"What is the HCF of 21 and 10? Find three other pairs of composite numbers with the same HCF.\nd",
"The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1. Some other pairs of composite numbers with HCF 1 are 4 & 9, 16 & 25, 22 & 35, 14 & 15, 12 & 55.\nd",
"All the factors of 15 are also factors of 0, so the HCF of 0 and 15 is 15.\nThe common factors are the factors of the HCF",
"You will have noticed that the list of common factors of 18 and 30 is actually a list of factors of their HCF 6. Similarly, the list of common factors of 30 and 75 is a list of the factors of their HCF 15.",
"Again, this is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. An exercise at the end of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation indicates how to prove the result using prime factorisation.",
"The two relationships below between the HCF and the LCM are again best illustrated by examples in Year 7, but an exercise in the module Primes and Prime Factorisation indicates how they can be proven.",
"The HCF of 28 and 15 is 1, and their LCM is their product 420.\nThe second relationship is not so obvious, and needs to be brought out by examples.",
"For example, the numbers 4 and 6 have HCF 2 and LCM 12, and 2 × 12 = 4 × 6.",
"The numbers 10 and 15 have HCF 5 and LCM 30, and 10 × 15 = 5 × 30.\nb",
"The numbers 12 and 9 have HCF 3 and LCM 36, and 12 × 9 = 3 × 36.\nc",
"The numbers 40 and 10 have HCF 10 and LCM 40, and 10 × 40 = 40 × 10.\nThe three-part example below indicates how this relationship can be proven from the relationship above, although such a proof would be unsuited for most Year 7 students.",
"Find the HCF and LCM of 12 and 20, and show that LCM × HCF = 12 × 20.\nb",
"Show that when 12 and 20 are each divided by their HCF, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\nc",
"Show that when the LCM is divided by 12 and by 20, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\nreturn to top",
"3 × 3 = 32| (read as ‘3 squared’) 3 × 3 × 3 = 33| (read as ‘3 cubed’) 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34| (read as ‘3 to the power 4’ or as ‘3 to the 4th’) 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 35 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 36",
"The terms ‘3 squared’ for 32 and ‘3 cubed’ for 33 come from geometry. As we saw earlier in the module, we can arrange 32 dots in a square and 33 dots in a cube:",
"What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two squares in two distinct ways?\nb",
"What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nc",
"What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two distinct nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nd",
"The number 1729 is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two cubes in two distinct ways. Show how this can be done. (This observation has become famous because of a conversation between the Indian mathematician Ramanujan and the English mathematician Hardy. See Wikipedia for the details.)\nclick for screencast",
"1 + 3 = 4 1 + 3 + 5 = 9 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25 1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 = 36 ...",
"13| = 1| = 12 ---|---|--- 13 + 23| = 9| = 32 13 + 23 + 33| = 36| = 62 13 + 23 + 33 + 43| = 100| = 102 13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53| = 225| = 152",
"Place the stack of 13 = 1 blocks on the table, then dismantle the 23 = 8 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 13 = 1 stack to produce a square 3 × 3 array.\nc",
"Dismantle the 33 = 27 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 3 × 3 array to produce a square 6 × 6 array.\nd",
"Powers of numbers are used extensively later in the study of logarithms and of combinatorics. It is useful to be able to compute or remember some smaller powers quickly, and recognise them.",
"Computers use a base 2 place-value system, so computer programmers need to know the powers of 2, and must be able to convert numbers quickly to a sum of powers of 2.",
"There are several straightforward tests for divisibility that are very useful when factoring numbers. They all have their origin in the base 10 that we use for our system of numerals.",
"The tests for divisibility by powers of 2 and 5 arise from the fact that 10 = 2 × 5.",
"Because 10 is a multiple of 2, every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 2. Thus to test whether a number is divisible by 2, we only need to look at the last digit.",
"Similarly, 10 is a multiple of 5, so every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 5. Thus to test whether a number is divisible by 5, we only need to look at the last digit.",
"The squares 22 = 4 and 52 = 25 are factors of 100, so every multiple of 100 is a multiple of 4 and of 25. Thus to test for divisibility by 4 and 25, we only need to look at the last two digits.",
"The number 6 945 732 is divisible by 4 (and hence also by 2) because 32 is divisible by 4, but it is not divisible by 8 because 732 is not divisible by 8.\nb",
"The number 5 671 625 is divisible by 125 (and hence also by 25 and 5) because 625 is divisible by 125, but it is not divisible by 54 = 625 because 1625 is not divisible by 625.\nDivisibility by 9 and 3",
"The tests for divisibility by 9, and in turn by 3, arise from the fact that 9 is 1 less than 10.",
"1 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 1 ---|--- 10 ÷ 9| = 1 remainder 1 100 ÷ 9| = 11 remainder 1 1000 ÷ 9| = 111 remainder 1",
"4 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 4 ---|--- 50 ÷ 9| = 5 remainder 5 200 ÷ 9| = 22 remainder 2 9000 ÷ 9| = 999 remainder 9; better written as 1000 remainder 0.",
"The remainder when 9254 is divided by 9 is the same as the remainder when 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 is divided by 9. The general result is",
"Adding these results, 9254 and 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 have the same remainder when divided by 3. The general result is",
"167 ÷ 9 = 18 remainder 5| and| 167 ÷ 3 = 55 remainder 2 ---|---|--- (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 5| (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 3 = 4 remainder 2",
"The sum of the digits is 6 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 4 = 24, and 2 + 4 = 6. Hence 62 574 has remainder 6 when divided by 9, and remainder 0 when divided by 3.",
"The sum of the digits is 7 + 1 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 6 + 1 + 8 = 33, and 3 + 3 = 6. Hence 71 325 618 is divisible by 3, but not by 9.\nb",
"The sum of the digits is 3 + 6 + 8 + 6 + 7 + 9 + 2 + 4 = 45, and 4 + 5 = 9. Hence 36 867 924 is divisible by 3 and by 9.\nDivisibility by 11",
"The test for divisibility by 11 arises from the fact that 11 is 1 more than 10, but 9 × 11 = 99 is 1 less than 100.",
"When 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 11, the remainder is alternately 1 and 10, but we shall regard the remainder 10 as being remainder −1.",
"1 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 1 ---|--- 10 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 100 ÷ 11| = 9 remainder 1 1000 ÷ 11| = 91 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 10 000 ÷ 11| = 909 remainder 1 100 000 ÷ 11| = 9091 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1",
"4 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 4 ---|--- 20 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −5 500 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 2 3000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −9 90 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 3 800 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −8",
"Adding these results, the remainder when 893 524 is divided by 11 is the same as the remainder when 4 − 2 + 5 − 3 + 9 − 8 = 7 is divided by 9. It was important here to write the alternating sum of the digits starting at the right-hand end with the units. The general result is,",
"When a number is divided by 11, the remainder is the same as the division by 11 of the alternating sum of the digits, starting at the right-hand end with the digits.",
"91 627 ÷ 11 = 8329 remainder 8 and (7 − 2 + 6 − 1 + 9) ÷ 11 = 1 remainder 8.",
"The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 7 + 5 − 2 + 6 = 10. Hence 62 578 has remainder 10 when divided by 11.\nb",
"The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 6 + 5 − 7 + 3 − 9 = −9. Hence 937 565 has remainder 11 − 9 = 2 when divided by 11.\nAs with 3 and 9, only the corresponding divisibility test is usually appropriate in Years 7−8:",
"The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 1 + 6 − 5 + 2 − 3 + 1 − 7 = 1. Hence 71 325 618 is not divisible by 11.\nb",
"The alternating sum of the digits is 1 − 7 + 4 − 8 + 3 − 9 + 1 − 7 = −22. Hence 71 938 471 is divisible by 11.\nDivisibility by numbers that are not prime powers",
"We can combine the previous tests for divisibility by testing separately for divisibility by the highest power of each prime. Here are examples of some such tests:",
"A number is divisible by 66 = 2 × 3 × 11 if it is divisible by 2, by 3 and by 11.",
"Factoring the three divisors, 6 = 2 × 3, 12 = 4 × 3 and 18 = 2 × 9. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 726 is divisible by 2, but not by 4.",
"The sum of the digits is 15, so 726 is divisible by 3, but not by 9. Hence 726 is divisible by 6, but not by 12 or 18.",
"Factoring the two divisors, 55 = 5 × 11 and 275 = 25 × 11. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 6875 is divisible by 5 and by 25.\nc",
"The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 7 + 8 − 6 = 0, so 6875 is divisible by 11. Hence 6875 is divisible by 55 and by 275.\nreturn to top",
"The multiplication table is one of the best-known objects in arithmetic. It is formed by doing nothing more that writing out the first twelve non-zero multiples of each number from 1 to 12 in twelve successive rows. (Or perhaps they were written out in twelve successive columns.)",
"Despite the simplicity of its construction, it is a very powerful object indeed, and well justifies the recommendation to learn it by heart. Here are some of its many properties — students routinely find many more.",
"All products from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12 are contained in the table. The answer to 9 × 7 is 63, which is located at the entry in the 7th row and the 9th column (or the 9th row and the 7th column).",
"The LCM of any two numbers up to 12 can be found from the table. The LCM of 8 and 10 is 40, which is the first common entry in the 8th and 10th rows (or in the 8th and 10th columns).",
"The numbers on the leading diagonal from 1 in the top left to 144 in the bottom right are the squares 1, 4, 9, 16,...",
"The whole table is symmetric about the leading diagonal. This illustrates the fact that multiplication is commutative, meaning, for example, that 7 × 9 = 9 × 7.",
"What is the pattern formed by shading all the even numbers? Every second column and every second row is shaded, leaving isolated odd numbers. We saw above how all multiples of even numbers are even, and that odd and even numbers alternate in the multiples of an odd number.",
"What is the pattern formed by shading all the multiples of 3? This time every third row and every third column is shaded.",
"Students often see many more patterns in this table. The following exercise gives some less obvious properties, but the proofs are omitted, because they require quite serious algebra. Once sequences and series are being studied, perhaps in Year 11, the table is well worth revisiting because of the insights it can give into sequences and into the use of algebra.",
"Now take the opposite diagonal passing through the square 49 from top right to bottom left. What numbers arise when we subtract each from 49? What happens with parallel diagonals through other squares?\nreturn to top",
"There are five useful laws, collectively called the index laws, that help us manipulate powers. At this stage, they are best established by examples and learnt verbally.",
"After algebra has been introduced, however, they can be presented in their more familiar algebraic formulation. For later reference, they are summarised here verbally and algebraically:",
"If we write out the powers as continued products, we can quickly see what is happening when we multiply powers with the same base.",
"75 × 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7) × (7 × 7 × 7) = 78",
"75 ÷ 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × ) ÷ (7 × 7 × 7) = 72",
"a 32 × 35 = 37 b 57 ÷ 53 = 54 c 109 ÷ 103 = 106 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122 = 1212",
"The examples above have carefully avoided questions like 73 ÷ 75, where the divisor is a higher power than the dividend. Such questions are better written as fractions,",
"The first form can be covered once fractions have been introduced. The second form requires negative indices, which are usually regarded as a little too sophisticated for Years 7−8.",
"We often need to deal with expressions such as (73)4 in which a power is raised to a power. Writing out just the outer power allows us to apply the previous law.",
"(2 × 3)4| = (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) ---|--- = (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) = 24 × 34",
"These steps rely heavily on the any-order property of multiplication to regroup the 4 factors of 2 and the 4 factors of 3.",
"a (3 × 7)4 b (8 × 12)6 c (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3 d (5 × 7 × 9)6 ÷ (55)2",
"a| (3 × 7)4 = 34 × 74| b| (8 × 12)6 = 86 × 126 ---|---|---|--- c| (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3| = 34 × 54 × 33 × 73| d| (5 × 7 × 9)16 ÷ (55)2| = 516 × 716 × 916 ÷ 510 = 37 × 54 × 73| = 56 × 716 × 916",
"The final index law deals with the power of a quotient. It is clumsy to formulate this law using the division sign, so fraction notation for division is used for the only time in this module.",
"‘A power of a product is the product of powers’ is useful in mental arithmetic, both forwards and in reverse. For example,",
"204| = (2 × 10)4| 32 × 125| = 25 × 53 ---|---|---|--- = 24 × 104| = 22 × (2 × 5)3 = 16 × 10 000| and| = 22 × 103 = 160 000| = 4 × 1000 = 4000",
"Because our system of numerals has base 10, isolating powers of 10 is always good practice. In the first example, we factored 20 as 20 = 2 × 10. In the second example, we combined factors of 2 and factors of 5 to make factors of 10.",
"The HCF and LCM are essential for the study of fractions, which are introduced in the module Fractions. To express a fraction in simplest form, we cancel the HCF of the numerator and denominator, and to add and subtract fractions, we usually use the LCM of their denominators as a common denominator,",
"The HCF of two algebraic expressions is important in factoring. The first step in the systematic factoring of an expression is to take out the HCF of the terms:",
"Factoring by taking out the HCF is first considered in the module Algebraic Expressions, and developed further in the module, Negatives and the Index Laws.",
"Prime numbers are the building blocks of all whole numbers when we take them apart by factoring. For example, we can write 60 as a product of primes,",
"Every composite number has one and only one prime factorisation. Prime factorisation is the central concern of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation. This module also shows how prime factorisation yields more systematic approaches to the calculations of the HCF and LCM.",
"The five index laws have been introduced in the present module in the context of whole numbers, although it was mentioned that the fifth law, and a clearer statement of the second law, require fractions. The modules, Negatives and the Index Laws and Special Expansions and Algebraic Fractions extend them to rational numbers and also give them an algebraic formulation, although the indices are still only nonzero whole numbers. The later module The Index Laws extends the indices to any rational number.",
"The presentation in this module has been carried out arithmetically, and entirely within the whole numbers. There have been no algebra or fractions except in the occasional remark and exercise that looks forward to later content. Arrays, rather than areas, have been used to represent products, so that the whole-number aspect of the ideas can be emphasised. It is important in later years, when algebra has been used to generalise the content, not to lose the arithmetic intuition of the present module.",
"All the present material was expounded by the ancient Greek mathematicians. The idea of representing numbers by arrays was developed particularly by Pythagoras and his school, who developed theories about what we now call ‘figurate numbers’. These include the triangular numbers discussed in this module, and pentagonal and tetrahedral numbers.",
"The quotient of an even number and an even number may be even or odd. For example, 12 ÷ 6 = 2 and 12 ÷ 4 = 3.\nb",
"The quotient of an even number and an odd number is always even. For example, 12 ÷ 3 = 4.\nc",
"The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is always odd. For example, 35 ÷ 5 = 7.\nExercise 4",
"2a + 2b| = 2(a + b) ---|--- (2a + 1) + 2b| = 2(a + b) + 1 (2a + 1) + (2b + 1)| = 2(a + b + 1)",
"(2a) × (2b)| = 2 × 2ab ---|--- (2a) × (2b + 1)| = 2 × a(2b + 1) (2a + 1) × (2b + 1)| = 4ab + 2a + 2b + 1 = 2(2ab + a + b) + 1",
"All the numbers have a trivial array. The number 1 and the primes 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 each have only a trivial array. The composite numbers 4, 6, 8, 9 and 12 each have at least one other array. The even numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 are those with a 2-row array. The squares 4 and 9 also have a square array. The numbers 6 and 10 each have only one non-trivial rectangular array. The number 8 has the three-dimensional array and a 2 × 4 array. The number 12 has three two-dimensional arrays because 12 = 1 × 12 = 2 × 6 = 3 × 4, and also has a three-dimensional 2 × 2 × 3 array.\nb",
"The 15 primes less than 50 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47. The number 2 is the only even prime number.\nc",
"There are five two-dimensional arrays 36 = 1 × 36 = 2 × 18 = 3 × 12 = 4 × 9 = 6 × 6. There are three three-dimensional arrays 36 = 2 × 2 × 9 = 2 × 3 × 6 = 3 × 3 × 4.\nd",
"There are four arrays 16 = 1 × 16 = 2 × 8 = 4 × 4 = 2 × 2 × 4. If we had four dimensions at our disposal, we could draw the array corresponding to 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ne",
"The smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic is 64 = 8 × 8 = 4 × 4 × 4. If we had use of six dimensions, we could draw the array 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ng",
"There are a great many ways to arrange 30 objects in a rectangular pattern or three dimensional block with no wasted space. The numbers 29 and 31 are prime, so except for packing all the items in a row, any packing into a block will have empty spaces.\nExercise 6",
"The dots in the lower left triangle of the square array are the reflection of the dots in the upper right triangle.\nb",
"It follows immediately from part a that the difference is even. Alternatively, the square of an even number is even and the square of an odd number is odd, and the difference of two even numbers or two odd numbers is even.\nExercise 7",
"If each side of the square has, for example 7 dots, then the total numbers of dots is 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 4 × 6.\nb",
"Take the larger of the two arrays, and keep removing its outer layer until it becomes the smaller array. At each step, the side length of the array goes down by 2, and the number of dots removed is a multiple of 4.\nExercise 8",
"1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, 136, 153, 171, 190, 210,...\nc",
"Two odds, then two evens, then two odds, then two evens,... Every time an odd number is added, the sum changes from even to odd or from odd to even. When an even number is added, however, the sum either stays even or stays odd.\nExercise 9",
"All the numbers except for the last number in the row have the same quotient. For example, the entries in the 5th row have quotient 4 when divided by 7.\nb",
"The remainders when 22 and 41 are divided by 6 are 4 and 5, whose sum is 9. But 9 = 6 + 3, so the remainder when dividing 63 by 6 is 3.",
"The numbers 12 and 20 have HCF 4 and LCM 60, and 4 × 60 = 12 × 20.\nb",
"When 12 and 20 are divided by their HCF, which is 4, the resulting numbers are 3 and 5, and the numbers 3 and 5 have HCF 1.\nc",
"When the LCM, which is 60, is divided by 12 and by 20, the resulting numbers are 5 and 3, and the numbers 5 and 3 have HCF 1.\n(Notice that the resulting numbers in parts b and c are the same.)",
"201 = 128 + 64 + 8 + 1 = 27 + 26 + 23 + 1, so in base 2 notation, 201 = 11 001 001.",
"Every fourth row and every fourth column is shaded, together with the numbers in the exact centre of the remaining squares.\nb",
"4 × 6 = 52 − 12, 3 × 7 = 52 − 22, 2 × 8 = 52 − 32, 1 × 9 = 52 − 42",
"a| 30004| = 34 × (103)4 ---|---|--- = 81 × 1012 = 81 000 000 000 000 b| 4 000 0003| = 43 × (106)3 ---|---|--- = 64 × 1018 = 64 000 000 000 000 000 000 c| 625 × 8000| = 54 × 23 × 103 ---|---|--- = 5 × 103 × 103 = 5 000 000 d| 40003 × 503| = (4000 × 50)3 ---|---|--- = 200 0003 = 8 000 000 000 000 000",
"The views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily represent the views of the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and Workplace Relations.",
"© The University of Melbourne on behalf of the International Centre of Excellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM), the education division of the Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI), 2010 (except where otherwise indicated). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Multiples, Factors and Powers\n\nThe Improving Mathematics Education in Schools (TIMES) Project\n\nreturn to index\n\nMultiples, Factors and Powers\n\nNumber and Algebra : Module 19Years : 7-8\n\nJune 2011\n\nPDF Version of module\n\n * Assumed Knowledge\n * Motivation\n * Content\n\n * Odd and even numbers\n * Representing numbers by arrays\n * Triangular numbers\n * Multiples, common multiples and the LCM\n * Factors, common factors and the HCF\n * Powers\n * Test for divisibility\n * The multiplication table\n * The index laws\n * Links Forward\n * History\n * Answers to Exercises\n\nreturn to top\n\nAssumed knowledge\n\n * Experience with the four operations of arithmetic.\n * Instant recall of the multiplication table up to 12 × 12.\n * Fractions and multiplication of fractions are required only for the last of the five index laws.\n * No algebra is assumed in this module.\n\nreturn to top\n\nMotivation\n\nMultiplication and division of whole numbers throw up many surprising things.\nThis module encourages multiplicative thinking about numbers, and introduces\nideas that are essential skills in fractions and algebra.\n\nThe ideas of this module are presented in purely arithmetical form, and no\nalgebra is used except in some remarks that look forward to later work. The\nonly numbers in the module are whole numbers, apart from the final paragraphs,\nwhere fractions are used so that the fifth index law can be presented in a\nmore satisfactory form.\n\nStudents first meet the distinction between odd numbers and even numbers in\nearly primary school, but it is useful everywhere in mathematics. Even numbers\nare multiples of 2, and more generally, multiples arise throughout mathematics\nand everyday life. The mass of a stack of bricks is a multiple of the mass of\none brick. The number of pages in a packet of notebooks is a multiple of the\nnumber of pages in one notebook.\n\nThe factors of a number can be displayed using rectangular arrays. Some\nnumbers, such as 30, can arise in many different ways as a product,\n\n30 = 1 × 30 = 2 × 15 = 3 × 10 = 5 × 6 = 2 × 3 × 5,\n\nwhereas a number such as 31 can only be written trivially as the product 31 =\n1 × 31. This idea leads to the classification of numbers greater than 1 as\neither prime or composite, and to a listing of all the factors of a number.\n\nThere are several groups of well-known divisibility tests that can check\nwhether a number is a factor without actually performing the division. These\ntests greatly simplify the listing of factors of numbers.\n\nRepeated addition leads to multiplication. Repeated multiplication in turn\nleads to powers, and manipulating powers in turn relies on five index laws.\nPowers are introduced in this module, together with four of the five index\nlaws.\n\nWe are used to comparing numbers in terms of their size. The highest common\nfactor (HCF) and lowest common multiple (LCM) allow us to compare numbers in\nterms of their factors and multiples. For example, when we look at 30 and 12,\nwe see that they are both multiples of 6, and that 6 is the greatest factor\ncommon to both numbers. We also see that 60 is a multiple of both numbers, and\nthat 60 is the lowest common multiple of them (apart from 0). The HCF and LCM\nare essential for fractions and later for algebra.\n\nreturn to top\n\nContent\n\nreturn to top\n\nOdd and even numbers\n\nHere is the usual definition of odd and even whole numbers.\n\n * A whole number is called even if it is a multiple of 2.\n * A whole number is called odd if it is not even.\n\nThus 10 is even and 11 is odd. We can demonstrate this by writing\n\n10 = 5 + 5 and 11 = 5 + 5 + 1,\n\nand we can illustrate this using arrays with two rows.\n\n10 = 5 + 5\n\n|\n\n11 = 5 + 5 + 1 \n \n---|--- \n \nThe array representing the even number 10 has the dots divided evenly into two\nequal rows of 5, but the array representing the odd number 11 has an extra odd\ndot left over.\n\nWhen we write out the whole numbers in order,\n\nthe even and odd numbers alternate, starting with 0, which is an even number\nbecause 0 + 0 = 0.\n\nThis pattern occurs in all sorts of common situations:\n\n * When we walk, we step left, right, left, right,...\n * When music is written in double time, like the Australian National Anthem, the notes are alternately stressed, unstressed, stressed, unstressed,...\n * Our time is alternately divided day, night, day, night,...\n * The squares on each row or column of a chessboard are alternately black, white, black, white,...\n\nIndeed, our concept of the number 2 is so different from our conceptions of\nall other numbers that we even use different language. We divide a pie between\ntwo people, but among three people. We identify two alternatives, but three\noptions. The word ‘doubt’ is related to the Latin ‘duo’, the word ‘two-faced’\nmeans ‘liar’, and the traditional number of the devil is 2.\n\nEXERCISE 1\n\nStudents often come up with other possible definitions of even whole numbers:\n\n * Zero is even, and after that, odd and even numbers alternate.\n * An even number can be written as the sum of two equal whole numbers.\n * An even number has remainder 0 after division by 2.\n\nWhat particular property of odd and even numbers does each illustrate?\n\nAdding and subtracting odd and even numbers\n\nThere are several obvious facts about calculations with odd and even numbers\nthat are very useful as an automatic check of calculations. First, addition\nand subtraction:\n\n * The sum or difference of two odd numbers, or two even numbers, is even.\n * The sum or difference of an odd number and an even number is odd.\n\nProofs by arrays usually convince students more than algebraic proofs. The\ndiagram below illustrates ‘odd plus odd equals even’, and shows how everything\ndepends on the odd dot left over. The other cases are very similar.\n\n\\+ =\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 2\n\nDraw four diagrams to illustrate the four cases of subtraction of odd and even\nnumbers.\n\nMultiplication of odd and even numbers\n\nWhen we multiply odd and even numbers,\n\n * The product of an even number with any number is even.\n * The product of two odd numbers is odd.\n\nProofs by arrays can be used here, but they are unwieldy. Instead, we will use\nthe previous results for adding odd and even numbers. Here are examples of the\nthree cases:\n\n6 × 4 = 24, 5 × 4 = 20, 7 × 3 = 21.\n\nThe first and second products are even because each can be written as the sum\nof even numbers:\n\n6 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 and 5 × 4 = 4 + 4 + 4 + 4 + 4.\n\nThe third product can be written as the sum of pairs of odd numbers, plus an\nextra odd number:\n\n7 × 3 = (3 + 3) + (3 + 3) + (3 + 3) + 3.\n\nEach bracket is even, because it is the sum of two odd numbers, so the whole\nsum is odd.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 3\n\nWhat can we say about the quotients of odd and even numbers? Assuming in each\ncase that the division has no remainder, complete each sentence below, if\npossible. Justify your answers by examples.\n\na\n\n The quotient of an even number and an even number is...\nb\n\n The quotient of an even number and an odd number is...\nc\n\n The quotient of an odd number and an even number is...\nd\n\n The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is...\n\nUsing algebra for odd and even numbers\n\nThe previous results on the arithmetic of odd and even numbers can be obtained\nlater after pronumerals have been introduced, and expansions of brackets and\ntaking out a common factor dealt with. The important first step is:\n\n * Any even number can be written as 2a, where a is a whole number.\n * Any odd number can be written as 2a + 1, where a is a whole number.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 4\n\nObtain the previous results on the addition and multiplication of odd and even\nnumbers by algebra. Begin, ‘Let the even numbers be 2a and 2b, and the odd\nnumbers be 2a + 1 and 2b + 1, where a and b are whole numbers.’\n\nreturn to top\n\nRepresenting numbers by arrays\n\nIn the previous section, we represented even numbers by arrays with two equal\nrows, and odd numbers by arrays with two rows in which one row has one more\ndot than the other.\n\nRepresenting numbers by arrays is an excellent way to illustrate some of their\nproperties. For example, the arrays below illustrate significant properties of\nthe numbers 10, 9, 8 and 7.\n\nThe number 10\n\nThere are two rectangular arrays for 10:\n\n10 = 2 × 5\n\n|\n\n10 = 1 × 10 \n \n---|--- \n \nThe first array shows that 10 can be factored as 10 = 5 × 2, which means that\n10 is an even number.\n\nThe second array is trivial − every number can be factored as a product of\nitself and 1.\n\nThe convention used in these modules is that the first factor represents the\nnumber of rows, and the second factor represents the number of columns. The\nopposite convention, however, would be equally acceptable.\n\nThe number 9\n\nThe number 9 also has two rectangular arrays:\n\n9 = 3 × 3\n\n|\n\n9 = 1 × 9 \n \n---|--- \n \nThe first array shows that 9 is a square because it can be represented as a\nsquare array. The corresponding factoring is 9 = 3 × 3.\n\nBecause there is no 2-row array, the number 9 is odd. The second array is the\ntrivial array.\n\nThe number 8\n\nThe number 8 has two rectangular arrays and a three-dimensional array:\n\n8 = 2 × 4\n\n|\n\n8 = 1 × 8\n\n|\n\n8 = 2 × 2 × 2 \n \n---|---|--- \n \nThe third array shows that 8 is a cube because it can be represented as a\ncubic array. The corresponding factoring is 8 = 2 × 2 × 2.\n\nThe first array shows that 8 is even, and the second array is the trivial\narray.\n\nThe number 7\n\nThe interesting thing about the number 7 is that it only has the trivial\narray, because 7 dots cannot be arranged in any rectangular array apart from a\ntrivial array.\n\n7 = 1 × 7\n\nNumbers greater than 1 with only a trivial rectangular array are called prime\nnumbers. All other whole numbers greater than 1 are called composite numbers.\n\nWe shall discuss prime numbers in a great deal more detail in the later\nmodule, Primes and Prime Factorisation. The usual definition of a prime number\nexpresses exactly the same thing in terms of factors:\n\n * A prime number is a whole number greater than 1 whose only factors are itself and 1.\n * A composite number is a whole number greater than 1 that is not a prime number.\n\nHere are the only possible rectangular arrays for the first four prime\nnumbers:\n\n2\n\n|\n\n3\n\n|\n\n5\n\n|\n\n7 \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 5\n\na\n\n Draw all possible rectangular arrays for the numbers from 1 to 12, including any three dimensional arrays, and identify the corresponding factorings. Which of these numbers are prime, which are composite, which are square, and which are even?\nb\n\n List all the prime numbers less than 50. How many of these are even?\nc\n\n Identify all two-dimensional and three-dimensional arrays for 36.\nd\n\n Draw all rectangular arrays for 16, including three-dimensional arrays.\ne\n\n If you had four dimensions at your disposal, what array would you draw?\nf\n\n What is the smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic? What are the side lengths of the corresponding arrays?\ng\n\n Why is a manufacturer more likely to pack his goods in packets of 30 than in packets of 29 or 31?\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 6\n\na\n\n Prove that when the diagonal of a square array is removed, the number of remaining dots is even.\nb\n\n If a number is subtracted from its square, what sort of number remains?\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 7\n\na\n\n Prove that in any square array, the number of dots on the outside of the array is a multiple of 4.\nb\n\n Hence prove that the difference of two even squares is divisible by 4, and that the difference of two odd squares is divisible by 4.\n\nreturn to top\n\nTriangular numbers\n\nRectangular arrays are not the only way that numbers can usefully be\nrepresented by patterns of dots.\n\n * A triangular number is a number that can be represented as a triangular array, in which each row has one more dot than the row above.\n\n1\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 = 3\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 + 3 = 6\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 + 3 + 4 = 10\n\n|\n\n1 + 2 + 3 + 4 + 5 = 15 \n \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nThus the first few triangular numbers are: 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21,...\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 8\n\na\n\n Explain the pattern of differences between successive triangular numbers.\nb\n\n Hence write down the first 20 triangular numbers.\nc\n\n Identify and explain the pattern of odd and even numbers in this sequence.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 9\n\nIn the diagram to the right, two copies of the fourth triangular number have\nbeen fitted together to make a rectangle.\n\nExplain how to calculate from this diagram that the 4th triangular number is\n10. Hence calculate the 100th triangular number.\n\nreturn to top\n\nMultiples, common multiples and the LCM\n\n * A multiple of a number such as 6 is a product of 6 and any whole number.\n\nWe can arrange the multiples of 6 in increasing order,\n\n0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96,...\n\nso that they form a simple pattern increasing by 6 at each step.\n\nBecause 6 is an even number, all its multiples are even. The multiples of an\nodd number such as 7, however, alternate even, odd, even, odd, even,...\nbecause we are adding the odd number 7 at each step.\n\nThe number zero is a multiple of every number. Because of this, the word\n‘multiple’ is sometimes used in the sense of ‘nonzero multiple’, but we will\nalways add the word ‘nonzero’ when 0 is excluded.\n\nThe multiples of zero are all zero. Every other whole number has infinitely\nmany multiples. This phrase ‘infinitely many’ has a very precise meaning —\nhowever many multiples you write down, there is always another multiple that\nyou haven’t written down.\n\nWe can illustrate the multiples of a number using arrays with three columns\nand an increasing numbers of rows. Here are the first few multiples of 3:\n\n0\n\n|\n\n3\n\n|\n\n6\n\n|\n\n9\n\n|\n\n12\n\n|\n\n15\n\n|\n\n18 \n \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nRows and columns can be exchanged. Thus the multiples of 3 could also be\nillustrated using arrays with three rows and an increasing numbers of columns.\n\nDivision\n\nThe repeating pattern of common multiples is a great help in understanding\ndivision. Here again are the multiples of 6,\n\n0, 6, 12, 18, 24, 30, 36, 42, 48, 54, 60, 66, 72, 78, 84, 90, 96,...\n\nIf we divide any of these multiples by 6, we get a quotient with remainder\nzero. For example,\n\n24 ÷ 6 = 4 and 30 ÷ 6 = 5.\n\nTo divide any other number such as 29 by 6, we first locate 29 between two\nmultiples of 6. Thus we locate 29 between 24 and 30. Because 29 = 24 + 5, we\nwrite\n\n29 ÷ 6 = 4 remainder 5 or alternatively 29 = 6 × 4 + 5.\n\nNotice that the remainder is always a whole number less than 6, because the\nmultiples of 6 step up by 6 each time. Hence with division by 6 there are only\n6 possible remainders,\n\n0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5.\n\nThis result takes a very simple form when we divide by 2, because the only\npossible remainders are 0 and 1.\n\n * An even number has remainder 0 after division by 2.\n * An odd number has remainder 1 after division by 2.\n\nIn later years, when students have become far more confident with algebra,\nthese remarks about division can be written down very precisely in what is\ncalled the division algorithm.\n\n * Given a whole number n (the dividend) and a nonzero whole number d (the divisor), there are unique whole numbers q (the quotient) and r (the remainder) so that:\n\nn = dq + r and 0 £ r < d.\n\nFor example, we saw that 29 ÷ 6 = 4 remainder 5 means that\n\n29 = 6 × 4 + 5 and 0 £ 5 < 6.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 10\n\nThe table above shows all the whole numbers written out systematically in 7\ncolumns. Suppose that each number in the table is divided by 7 to produced a\nquotient and a remainder.\n\na\n\n What is the same about the results of the division in each row?\nb\n\n What is the same about the results of the division in each column?\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 11\n\nWhen 22 and 41 are divided by 6, their remainders are 4 and 5 respectively.\nYet when their sum 63 is divided by 6, the remainder is 3, and is not 4 + 5 =\n9. Explain.\n\nCommon multiples and the LCM\n\nAn important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of\nmultiples. Let us write out the first few multiples of 4, and the first few\nmultiples of 6, and compare the two lists.\n\nThe numbers that occur on both lists have been circled, and are called common\nmultiples.\n\nThe common multiples of 6 and 8 are 0, 12, 24, 36, 48,...\n\nApart from zero, which is a common multiple of any two numbers, the lowest\ncommon multiple of 4 and 6 is 12.\n\nThese same procedures can be done with any set of two or more non-zero whole\nnumbers.\n\n * A common multiple of two or more nonzero whole numbers is a whole number that a multiple of all of them.\n * The lowest common multiple or LCM of two or more whole numbers is the smallest of their common multiples, apart from zero.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n Write out the first few common multiples of 12 and of 16. Hence write out the first few common multiples of 12 and 16, and state their lowest common multiple.\nb\n\n Write out the first few multiples of 24. Hence write down the LCM of 12, 16 and 24?\nc\n\n What is the LCM of 12 and 15?\nd\n\n What is the LCM of 4, 6 and 9?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n \n\nThe multiples of 12 are 12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84, 96, 108, 120, 132, 144,...\n\nThe multiples of 16 are 16, 32, 48, 64, 80, 96, 112, 128, 144, 160,...\n\nHence the common multiples of 12 and 16 are 48, 96, 144,... and their LCM is\n48.\n\nb\n\n The multiples of 24 are 0, 24, 48,... Hence the LCM of 12, 16 and 24 is 48.\nc\n\n The LCM of 12 and 15 is 60.\nd\n\n The LCM of 4, 6 and 9 is 36.\n\nTwo or more nonzero numbers always have a common multiple — just multiply the\nnumbers together. But the product of the numbers is not necessarily their\nlowest common multiple. For example, in the case above of 4 and 6, one common\nmultiple is 4 × 6 = 24, but their lowest common multiple is 12.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n What is the LCM of 9 and 10?\nb\n\n What is the LCM of the first five primes?\nc\n\n What is the LCM of 6 and 24? What is the general situation illustrated here?\nd\n\n What is the LCM of 1 and 14? What is the general situation illustrated here?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The LCM of 9 and 10 is their product 90.\nb\n\n The LCM of 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 is their product, which is 2310.\nc\n\n Because 24 is a multiple of 6, the LCM of 6 and 24 is 24.\nd\n\n Every number is a multiple of 1, so the LCM of 1 and 14 is 14.\n\nThe common multiples are the multiples of the LCM\n\nYou will have noticed that the list of common multiples of 4 and 6 is actually\na list of multiples of their LCM 12. Similarly, the list of common multiples\nof 12 and 16 is a list of the multiples of their LCM 48.\n\nThis is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by examples. In\nan exercise at the end of the module, Primes and Prime Factorisation, however,\nwe have indicated how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\n\nWe will have more to say about the LCM once the HCF has been introduced.\n\nreturn to top\n\nFactors, common factors and the HCF\n\n * We say that 6 is a factor of 18 because 18 can be factored as the product 18 = 6 × 3.\n\nThis can be restated in terms of the multiples of the previous section:\n\n * The statement that ‘6 is a factor of 18’ means that ‘18 is a multiple of 6.’\n\nThe number zero is a multiple of every number, so every number is a factor of\nzero. On the other hand, zero is the only multiple of zero, so zero is a\nfactor of no numbers except zero. These rather odd remarks are better left\nunsaid, unless students insist. They should certainly not become a distraction\nfrom the nonzero whole numbers that we want to discuss.\n\nThe product of two nonzero whole numbers is always greater than or equal to\neach factor in the product. Hence the factors of a nonzero number like 12 are\nall less than or equal to 12. Thus whereas a positive whole number has\ninfinitely many multiples, it has only finitely many factors.\n\nThe long way to find all the factors of 12 is to test systematically all the\nwhole numbers less than 12 to see whether or not they go into 12 without\nremainder. The list of factors of 12 is\n\n1, 2, 3, 4, 6 and 12.\n\nIt is very easy to overlook factors by this method, however. A far more\nefficient way, is to look for pairs of factors whose product is 12. Begin by\ntesting all the whole numbers 1, 2, ... that could be the smaller of a pair of\nfactors with product 12,\n\n1, 2, 3,...\n\nWe stop at 3 because 42 = 16 is greater than 12, so 4 cannot be the smaller of\na pair. Now we add, in reverse order, the complementary factor of each pair,\nthat is, 12 ÷ 3 = 4, 12 ÷ 2 = 6 and 12 ÷ 1 = 12,\n\nWe can display these pairs of factors by writing the 12 dots in all possible\nrectangular arrays:\n\n1 × 12\n\n|\n\n2 × 6\n\n|\n\n3 × 4 \n \n---|---|--- \n \nFor a larger number such as 60, the method recommended here has the following\nsteps:\n\n * Test whether each whole number 1, 2, 3,... is a factor of 60.\n * Continue testing up to 7, because 82 = 64 is greater than 60.\n * Then write down each complementary factor in reverse order.\n\nThus the factors of 60 are\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 12\n\nUse this method to write down all the factors of 72 and 160.\n\nCommon factors and the HCF\n\nAnother important way to compare two numbers is to compare their lists of\nfactors. Let us write out the lists of factors of 18 and 30, and compare the\nlists.\n\nThe numbers that occur on both lists have been circled, and are called the\ncommon factors.\n\nThe common factors of 18 and 30 are 1, 2, 3 and 6.\n\nThe highest common factor is 6.\n\nAs with common multiples, these procedures can be done with any list of two or\nmore whole numbers.\n\n * A common factor of two or more whole numbers is a whole number that is a factor of all of them.\n * The highest common factor or HCF of two or more whole numbers is the largest of these common factors.\n\nThe HCF is also known as the ‘greatest common divisor’, with corresponding\ninitials GCD.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n Write out the factors of 30 and of 75. Hence write out the common factors of 30 and 75, and their highest common factor.\nb\n\n Write out the factors of 45. Hence write down the HCF of 30, 75 and 45.\nc\n\n What is the HCF of 60, 80, 90 and 100?\nd\n\n What is the HCF of 82 and 102?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The factors of 30 are 1, 30, 2, 15, 3, 10, 5, 6. The factors of 75 are 1, 75, 3, 25, 5, 15. Hence the common factors of 30 and 75 are 1, 3, 5, 15, and their HCF is 15.\nb\n\n The factors of 45 are 1, 3, 5, 9, 15, 45.\nc\n\n Hence the HCF of 30, 75 and 45 is 15.\nd\n\n The HCF of 60, 80, 90 and 100 is 10.\ne\n\n The HCF of 82 and 102 is 22.\n\nAny collection of whole numbers always has 1 as a common factor. The question\nis whether the numbers have common factors greater than 1.\n\nEvery whole number is a factor of 0, so the common factors of 0 and say 12 are\njust the factors of 12, and the HCF of 0 and 12 is 12. A nonzero whole number\nhas only a finite number of factors, so it has a greatest factor. Two or more\nnumbers always have a HCF because at least one of them is nonzero. These are\ndistractions from the main ideas.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n What is the HCF of 6 and 24? What is the general situation illustrated here?\nb\n\n What is the HCF of 1 and 14? What is the general situation illustrated here?\nc\n\n What is the HCF of 21 and 10? Find three other pairs of composite numbers with the same HCF.\nd\n\n What is the HCF of 0 and 15?\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n Because 6 is a factor of 24, the HCF of 6 and 24 is 6.\nb\n\n The only factor of 1 is 1, so the HCF of 1 and 14 is 1.\nc\n\n The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1. Some other pairs of composite numbers with HCF 1 are 4 & 9, 16 & 25, 22 & 35, 14 & 15, 12 & 55.\nd\n\n All the factors of 15 are also factors of 0, so the HCF of 0 and 15 is 15.\n\nThe common factors are the factors of the HCF\n\nYou will have noticed that the list of common factors of 18 and 30 is actually\na list of factors of their HCF 6. Similarly, the list of common factors of 30\nand 75 is a list of the factors of their HCF 15.\n\nAgain, this is a general result, which in Year 7 is best demonstrated by\nexamples. An exercise at the end of the module Primes and Prime Factorisation\nindicates how to prove the result using prime factorisation.\n\nTwo relationships between the HCF and LCM\n\nThe two relationships below between the HCF and the LCM are again best\nillustrated by examples in Year 7, but an exercise in the module Primes and\nPrime Factorisation indicates how they can be proven.\n\nThe first relationship is extremely useful, and is used routinely when working\nwith common denominators of fractions.\n\n * If the HCF of two numbers is 1, then their LCM is their product.\n\nThe converse is also true, although it does not arise so often.\n\nFor example,\n\nThe numbers 4 and 9 have HCF 1, and their LCM is their product 36.\n\nThe numbers 6 and 7 have HCF 1 and their LCM is their product 42.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\na\n\n Find the HCF and LCM of 21 and 10.\nb\n\n Find the HCF and LCM of 14 and 15.\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The HCF of 21 and 10 is 1, and their LCM is their product 210.\nb\n\n The HCF of 28 and 15 is 1, and their LCM is their product 420.\n\nThe second relationship is not so obvious, and needs to be brought out by\nexamples.\n\n * The product of the HCF and LCM of two nonzero whole numbers is the product of the numbers.\n\nFor example, the numbers 4 and 6 have HCF 2 and LCM 12, and 2 × 12 = 4 × 6.\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nConfirm this relationship for:\n\na10 and 15 b 12 and 9 c 40 and 10\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The numbers 10 and 15 have HCF 5 and LCM 30, and 10 × 15 = 5 × 30.\nb\n\n The numbers 12 and 9 have HCF 3 and LCM 36, and 12 × 9 = 3 × 36.\nc\n\n The numbers 40 and 10 have HCF 10 and LCM 40, and 10 × 40 = 40 × 10.\n\nThe three-part example below indicates how this relationship can be proven\nfrom the relationship above, although such a proof would be unsuited for most\nYear 7 students.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nEXERCISE 13\n\na\n\n Find the HCF and LCM of 12 and 20, and show that LCM × HCF = 12 × 20.\nb\n\n Show that when 12 and 20 are each divided by their HCF, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\nc\n\n Show that when the LCM is divided by 12 and by 20, the HCF of the resulting numbers is 1.\n\nreturn to top\n\nPowers\n\nWhen we multiply a number by itself, we usually use a more concise notation,\n\n3 = 31 \n--- \n3 × 3 = 32| (read as ‘3 squared’) \n3 × 3 × 3 = 33| (read as ‘3 cubed’) \n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 34| (read as ‘3 to the power 4’ or as ‘3 to the 4th’) \n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 35 \n3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 × 3 = 36 \n \n * The expression 35 is called a power of 3.\n * The raised 5 in 35 is called the index of the power.\n * The number 3 in 35 is called the base of the power.\n\nThe terms ‘3 squared’ for 32 and ‘3 cubed’ for 33 come from geometry. As we\nsaw earlier in the module, we can arrange 32 dots in a square and 33 dots in a\ncube:\n\n32| 33 \n---|--- \n \n * The numbers 02 = 0, 12 = 1, 22 = 4, 32 = 9... are called squares.\n * The numbers 03 = 0, 13 = 1, 23 = 8, 33 = 27... are called cubes.\n\nAs mentioned before, there is no straightforward geometrical representation of\nhigher powers.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 14\n\na\n\n Write down the first 16 squares, starting from 02 = 0.\nb\n\n Write down the first 13 cubes, starting from 03 = 0.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 15\n\na\n\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two squares in two distinct ways?\nb\n\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nc\n\n What is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two distinct nonzero squares in two distinct ways?\nd\n\n The number 1729 is the smallest number that can be written as the sum of two cubes in two distinct ways. Show how this can be done. (This observation has become famous because of a conversation between the Indian mathematician Ramanujan and the English mathematician Hardy. See Wikipedia for the details.)\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 16\n\nAdding successive odd numbers gives successive squares:\n\n1 = 1 \n--- \n1 + 3 = 4 \n1 + 3 + 5 = 9 \n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 = 16 \n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 = 25 \n1 + 3 + 5 + 7 + 9 + 11 = 36 \n... \n \nDissect a square array of 25 dots to show why this is happening.\n\nExercise 17\n\n[A rather difficult challenge activity] Adding successive cubes gives the\nsquares of the triangular numbers:\n\n13| = 1| = 12 \n---|---|--- \n13 + 23| = 9| = 32 \n13 + 23 + 33| = 36| = 62 \n13 + 23 + 33 + 43| = 100| = 102 \n13 + 23 + 33 + 43 + 53| = 225| = 152 \n \na\n\n Gather a large number of small blocks, and build cubic stacks of 13 blocks, 23 blocks, 33 blocks,...\nb\n\n Place the stack of 13 = 1 blocks on the table, then dismantle the 23 = 8 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 13 = 1 stack to produce a square 3 × 3 array.\nc\n\n Dismantle the 33 = 27 stack and reassemble it systematically around the 3 × 3 array to produce a square 6 × 6 array.\nd\n\n Explain how the pattern continues to work.\n\nSuccessive powers of a number\n\nPowers of numbers are used extensively later in the study of logarithms and of\ncombinatorics. It is useful to be able to compute or remember some smaller\npowers quickly, and recognise them.\n\nThe powers of 2 are: 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64, 128, 256, 512, 1024, 2048, 4096,\n8192,...\n\nThe powers of 3 are: 3, 9, 27, 81, 243, 729,...\n\nThe powers of 4 are every second power of 2.\n\nThe powers of 5 are: 5, 25, 125, 625, 3125,...\n\nThe powers of 6 are: 6, 36, 216,...\n\nThe powers of 7 are: 7, 49, 343,...\n\nThe powers of 8 are every third power of 2.\n\nThe powers of 9 are every second power of 3.\n\nThe powers of 10 are: 10, 100, 1000, 10 000, 100 000, 1 000 000,...\n\nThe powers of 16 are every fourth power of 2.\n\nOur base 10 place-value system displays every number as a sum of multiples of\npowers of 10.\n\nComputers use a base 2 place-value system, so computer programmers need to\nknow the powers of 2, and must be able to convert numbers quickly to a sum of\npowers of 2.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 18\n\nWrite 201 as a sum of powers of 2. Hence write 201 in base 2 notation.\n\nreturn to top\n\nTest for divisibility\n\nThere are several straightforward tests for divisibility that are very useful\nwhen factoring numbers. They all have their origin in the base 10 that we use\nfor our system of numerals.\n\nDivisibility by powers of 2 and powers of 5\n\nThe tests for divisibility by powers of 2 and 5 arise from the fact that 10 =\n2 × 5.\n\nBecause 10 is a multiple of 2, every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 2. Thus\nto test whether a number is divisible by 2, we only need to look at the last\ndigit.\n\n * A number is divisible by 2 if its last digit is 0, 2, 4, 6 or 8.\n\nSimilarly, 10 is a multiple of 5, so every multiple of 10 is a multiple of 5.\nThus to test whether a number is divisible by 5, we only need to look at the\nlast digit.\n\n * A number is divisible by 5 if its last digit is 0 or 5.\n\nFor example:\n\nThe number 864 ends with 4, so it is divisible by 2, but not by 5.\n\nThe number 1395 ends with 5, so it is divisible by 5, but not by 2.\n\nThe number 74 830 ends with 0, so it is divisible both by 2 and by 5.\n\nThe squares 22 = 4 and 52 = 25 are factors of 100, so every multiple of 100 is\na multiple of 4 and of 25. Thus to test for divisibility by 4 and 25, we only\nneed to look at the last two digits.\n\n * A number is divisible by 4 if the number formed by its last two digits is divisible by 4.\n * A number is divisible by 25 if the number formed by its last two digits is divisible by 25.\n\nSimilarly, 23 = 8 and 53 = 125 are factors of 1000, so\n\n * A number is divisible by 8 if the number formed by its last three digits is divisible by 8.\n * A number is divisible by 125 if the number formed by its last three digits is divisible by 125.\n\nThese tests can be continued for higher powers of 2 and 5.\n\nExample\n\na\n\n Test 6 945 732 for divisibility by 2, 4, 8,...\nb\n\n Test 5 671 625 for divisibility by 5, 25, 125,...\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The number 6 945 732 is divisible by 4 (and hence also by 2) because 32 is divisible by 4, but it is not divisible by 8 because 732 is not divisible by 8.\nb\n\n The number 5 671 625 is divisible by 125 (and hence also by 25 and 5) because 625 is divisible by 125, but it is not divisible by 54 = 625 because 1625 is not divisible by 625.\n\nDivisibility by 9 and 3\n\nThe tests for divisibility by 9, and in turn by 3, arise from the fact that 9\nis 1 less than 10.\n\nWhen 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 9, the remainder is 1. For example,\n\n1 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 1 \n---|--- \n10 ÷ 9| = 1 remainder 1 \n100 ÷ 9| = 11 remainder 1 \n1000 ÷ 9| = 111 remainder 1 \n \nMultiplying each by a single digit number less than 9,\n\n4 ÷ 9| = 0 remainder 4 \n---|--- \n50 ÷ 9| = 5 remainder 5 \n200 ÷ 9| = 22 remainder 2 \n9000 ÷ 9| = 999 remainder 9; better written as 1000 remainder 0. \n \nThe remainder when 9254 is divided by 9 is the same as the remainder when 9 +\n2 + 5 + 4 = 20 is divided by 9. The general result is\n\n * When a number, and the sum of its digits, are both divided by 9, the remainders are the same.\n\nBecause 9 is a multiple of 3, the remainders after division by 3 follows a\nsimilar pattern,\n\n4 and 4 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\n50 and 5 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\n200 and 2 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\n9000 and 9 have the same remainder after division by 3.\n\nAdding these results, 9254 and 9 + 2 + 5 + 4 = 20 have the same remainder when\ndivided by 3. The general result is\n\n * When a number, and the sum of its digits, are both divided 3, the remainders are the same.\n\nFor example,\n\n167 ÷ 9 = 18 remainder 5| and| 167 ÷ 3 = 55 remainder 2 \n---|---|--- \n(1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 9 = 1 remainder 5| (1 + 6 + 7) ÷ 3 = 4 remainder 2 \n \nExample\n\nFind the remainders when 62 574 is divided by 9 and by 3.\n\nSolution\n\nThe sum of the digits is 6 + 2 + 5 + 7 + 4 = 24, and 2 + 4 = 6. Hence 62 574\nhas remainder 6 when divided by 9, and remainder 0 when divided by 3.\n\nWith most students in Years 7−8, however, only the corresponding divisibility\ntests are appropriate:\n\n * A number is divisible by 9 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 9.\n * A number is divisible by 3 if the sum of its digits is divisible by 3.\n\nExample\n\nTest for divisibility by 3 and by 9:\n\na 71 325 618 b 36 867 924\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The sum of the digits is 7 + 1 + 3 + 2 + 5 + 6 + 1 + 8 = 33, and 3 + 3 = 6. Hence 71 325 618 is divisible by 3, but not by 9.\nb\n\n The sum of the digits is 3 + 6 + 8 + 6 + 7 + 9 + 2 + 4 = 45, and 4 + 5 = 9. Hence 36 867 924 is divisible by 3 and by 9.\n\nDivisibility by 11\n\nThe test for divisibility by 11 arises from the fact that 11 is 1 more than\n10, but 9 × 11 = 99 is 1 less than 100.\n\nWhen 1 or any power of 10 is divided by 11, the remainder is alternately 1 and\n10, but we shall regard the remainder 10 as being remainder −1.\n\n1 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 1 \n---|--- \n10 ÷ 11| = 0 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \n100 ÷ 11| = 9 remainder 1 \n1000 ÷ 11| = 91 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \n10 000 ÷ 11| = 909 remainder 1 \n100 000 ÷ 11| = 9091 remainder 10; which we will regard as remainder −1 \n \nMultiplying each result by a single digit number,\n\n4 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 4 \n---|--- \n20 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −5 \n500 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 2 \n3000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −9 \n90 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder 3 \n800 000 ÷ 11| leaves remainder −8 \n \nAdding these results, the remainder when 893 524 is divided by 11 is the same\nas the remainder when 4 − 2 + 5 − 3 + 9 − 8 = 7 is divided by 9. It was\nimportant here to write the alternating sum of the digits starting at the\nright-hand end with the units. The general result is,\n\n * When a number is divided by 11, the remainder is the same as the division by 11 of the alternating sum of the digits, starting at the right-hand end with the digits.\n\nFor example,\n\n91 627 ÷ 11 = 8329 remainder 8 and (7 − 2 + 6 − 1 + 9) ÷ 11 = 1 remainder 8.\n\nExample\n\nFind the remainders after division by 11 of:\n\na 62 578 b 937 565\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 7 + 5 − 2 + 6 = 10. Hence 62 578 has remainder 10 when divided by 11.\nb\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 6 + 5 − 7 + 3 − 9 = −9. Hence 937 565 has remainder 11 − 9 = 2 when divided by 11.\n\nAs with 3 and 9, only the corresponding divisibility test is usually\nappropriate in Years 7−8:\n\n * A number is divisible by 11 if the alternating sum of its digits is divisible by 11.\n\nExample\n\nTest for divisibility by 11:\n\na 71 325 618 b 71 938 471\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 8 − 1 + 6 − 5 + 2 − 3 + 1 − 7 = 1. Hence 71 325 618 is not divisible by 11.\nb\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 1 − 7 + 4 − 8 + 3 − 9 + 1 − 7 = −22. Hence 71 938 471 is divisible by 11.\n\nDivisibility by numbers that are not prime powers\n\nWe can combine the previous tests for divisibility by testing separately for\ndivisibility by the highest power of each prime. Here are examples of some\nsuch tests:\n\n * A number is divisible by 6 = 2 × 3 if it is divisible by 2 and by 3.\n * A number is divisible by 12 = 4 × 3 if it is divisible by 4 and by 3.\n * A number is divisible by 15 = 3 × 5 if it is divisible by 3 and by 5.\n * A number is divisible by 18 = 2 × 9 if it is divisible by 2 and by 9.\n * A number is divisible by 66 = 2 × 3 × 11 if it is divisible by 2, by 3 and by 11.\n\nDivisibility by powers of 10 is particularly simple—just count the number of\nzeroes.\n\nExample\n\na\n\n Test 726 for divisibility by 6, 12 and 18.\nb\n\n Test 6875 for divisibility by 55 and 275.\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n \n\nFactoring the three divisors, 6 = 2 × 3, 12 = 4 × 3 and 18 = 2 × 9. By looking\nat the last digit and the last two digits, 726 is divisible by 2, but not by\n4.\n\nThe sum of the digits is 15, so 726 is divisible by 3, but not by 9. Hence 726\nis divisible by 6, but not by 12 or 18.\n\nb\n\n Factoring the two divisors, 55 = 5 × 11 and 275 = 25 × 11. By looking at the last digit and the last two digits, 6875 is divisible by 5 and by 25.\nc\n\n The alternating sum of the digits is 5 − 7 + 8 − 6 = 0, so 6875 is divisible by 11. Hence 6875 is divisible by 55 and by 275.\n\nreturn to top\n\nThe multiplication table\n\nThe multiplication table is one of the best-known objects in arithmetic. It is\nformed by doing nothing more that writing out the first twelve non-zero\nmultiples of each number from 1 to 12 in twelve successive rows. (Or perhaps\nthey were written out in twelve successive columns.)\n\nDespite the simplicity of its construction, it is a very powerful object\nindeed, and well justifies the recommendation to learn it by heart. Here are\nsome of its many properties — students routinely find many more.\n\n * All products from 1 × 1 to 12 × 12 are contained in the table. The answer to 9 × 7 is 63, which is located at the entry in the 7th row and the 9th column (or the 9th row and the 7th column).\n * The LCM of any two numbers up to 12 can be found from the table. The LCM of 8 and 10 is 40, which is the first common entry in the 8th and 10th rows (or in the 8th and 10th columns).\n * The numbers on the leading diagonal from 1 in the top left to 144 in the bottom right are the squares 1, 4, 9, 16,...\n * The whole table is symmetric about the leading diagonal. This illustrates the fact that multiplication is commutative, meaning, for example, that 7 × 9 = 9 × 7.\n * What is the pattern formed by shading all the even numbers? Every second column and every second row is shaded, leaving isolated odd numbers. We saw above how all multiples of even numbers are even, and that odd and even numbers alternate in the multiples of an odd number.\n * What is the pattern formed by shading all the multiples of 3? This time every third row and every third column is shaded.\n\nStudents often see many more patterns in this table. The following exercise\ngives some less obvious properties, but the proofs are omitted, because they\nrequire quite serious algebra. Once sequences and series are being studied,\nperhaps in Year 11, the table is well worth revisiting because of the insights\nit can give into sequences and into the use of algebra.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 19\n\na\n\n What pattern is formed by shading the numbers that are multiples of 4?\nb\n\n What pattern is formed by the differences between successive terms on any diagonal parallel to the leading diagonal?\nc\n\n Now take the opposite diagonal passing through the square 49 from top right to bottom left. What numbers arise when we subtract each from 49? What happens with parallel diagonals through other squares?\n\nreturn to top\n\nThe index laws\n\nThere are five useful laws, collectively called the index laws, that help us\nmanipulate powers. At this stage, they are best established by examples and\nlearnt verbally.\n\nAfter algebra has been introduced, however, they can be presented in their\nmore familiar algebraic formulation. For later reference, they are summarised\nhere verbally and algebraically:\n\n * To multiply powers of the same base, add the indices. am × an = am + n\n * To divide powers of the same base, subtract the indices. am ÷ an = am − n\n * To raise a power to a power, multiply the indices. (am)n = amn\n * The power of a product is the product of the powers. (ab)n = anbn\n * The power of a quotient is the quotient of the powers. n =\n\nMultiplying powers with the same base\n\nIf we write out the powers as continued products, we can quickly see what is\nhappening when we multiply powers with the same base.\n\n75 × 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × 7) × (7 × 7 × 7) = 78\n\nThere are 5 + 3 = 8 factors of 7 in the product, so the product is 78.\n\n * To multiply powers with the same base, add the indices. For example, 75 × 73 = 78\n\nDividing powers with the same base\n\nWe can use the same approach with dividing powers with the same base.\n\n75 ÷ 73 = (7 × 7 × 7 × 7 × ) ÷ (7 × 7 × 7) = 72\n\nThere are 5 − 3 = 2 factors of 7 in the quotient, so the quotient is 72.\n\n * To divide powers with the same base, subtract the indices. For example, 75 ÷ 73 = 72\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nSimplify each expression, leaving the answer as a power.\n\na 32 × 35 b 57 ÷ 53 c 109 ÷ 103 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122\n\nSolution\n\na 32 × 35 = 37 b 57 ÷ 53 = 54 c 109 ÷ 103 = 106 d 129 × 125 ÷ 122 = 1212\n\nThe examples above have carefully avoided questions like 73 ÷ 75, where the\ndivisor is a higher power than the dividend. Such questions are better written\nas fractions,\n\n= or = 7-2\n\nThe first form can be covered once fractions have been introduced. The second\nform requires negative indices, which are usually regarded as a little too\nsophisticated for Years 7−8.\n\nRaising a power to a power\n\nWe often need to deal with expressions such as (73)4 in which a power is\nraised to a power. Writing out just the outer power allows us to apply the\nprevious law.\n\n(73)4| = 73 × 73 × 73 × 73 \n---|--- \n= 712 \n \nThere are 3 × 4 factors of 7 in the expression, so it simplifies to 712.\n\n * To raise a power to a power, multiply the indices. For example,\n\n(73)4 = 712\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nSimplify each expression, leaving the answer as a power:\n\na (65)7 b (103)5 c (42)3 × (43)2 d (115)4 ÷ (116)3\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n|\n\n(65)7 = 635\n\n|\n\nb\n\n|\n\n(103)5 = 1015 \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nc\n\n|\n\n(42)3 × (43)2 = 46 × 46 = 412\n\n|\n\nd\n\n|\n\n(115)4 ÷ (116)3 = 1120 ÷ 1118 = 112 \n \nThe power of a product\n\nThe fourth law deals with a power of a product. Again, we can write out the\npower.\n\n(2 × 3)4| = (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) × (2 × 3) \n---|--- \n= (2 × 2 × 2 × 2) × (3 × 3 × 3 × 3) \n= 24 × 34 \n \nThese steps rely heavily on the any-order property of multiplication to\nregroup the 4 factors of 2 and the 4 factors of 3.\n\n * The power of a product is the product of the powers. For example,\n\n(2 × 3)4 = 24 × 34\n\nExample\n\nWrite each expression without brackets, leaving the answer in index notation.\n\na (3 × 7)4 b (8 × 12)6 c (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3 d (5 × 7 × 9)6 ÷ (55)2\n\nSolution\n\na| (3 × 7)4 = 34 × 74| b| (8 × 12)6 = 86 × 126 \n---|---|---|--- \nc| (3 × 5)4 × (3 × 7)3| = 34 × 54 × 33 × 73| d| (5 × 7 × 9)16 ÷ (55)2| = 516 ×\n716 × 916 ÷ 510 \n= 37 × 54 × 73| = 56 × 716 × 916 \n \nThe power of a quotient\n\nThe final index law deals with the power of a quotient. It is clumsy to\nformulate this law using the division sign, so fraction notation for division\nis used for the only time in this module.\n\n= × × × \n--- \n= \n \nThe same process can be done with the power of any fraction, giving the\ngeneral result,\n\n * The power of a quotient is the quotient of the powers. For example,\n\n=\n\nEXAMPLE\n\nSimplify each expression, evaluating the resulting powers:\n\na b c d\n\nSolution\n\na\n\n|\n\n4 = =\n\n|\n\nb\n\n|\n\n= = \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nc\n\n|\n\n= =\n\n|\n\nd\n\n|\n\n= = = = 5 \n \nThe index laws and mental arithmetic\n\n‘A power of a product is the product of powers’ is useful in mental\narithmetic, both forwards and in reverse. For example,\n\n204| = (2 × 10)4| 32 × 125| = 25 × 53 \n---|---|---|--- \n= 24 × 104| = 22 × (2 × 5)3 \n= 16 × 10 000| and| = 22 × 103 \n= 160 000| = 4 × 1000 \n= 4000 \n \nBecause our system of numerals has base 10, isolating powers of 10 is always\ngood practice. In the first example, we factored 20 as 20 = 2 × 10. In the\nsecond example, we combined factors of 2 and factors of 5 to make factors of\n10.\n\nclick for screencast\n\nclick for screencast\n\nExercise 20\n\nShow how to calculate these expressions using the index laws to work with\npowers of 10.\n\na 30004 b 4 000 0003 c 625 × 8000 d 40003 × 503\n\nreturn to top\n\nLinks Forward\n\nThe HCF and LCM are essential for the study of fractions, which are introduced\nin the module Fractions. To express a fraction in simplest form, we cancel the\nHCF of the numerator and denominator, and to add and subtract fractions, we\nusually use the LCM of their denominators as a common denominator,\n\n= and + = + = .\n\nThe HCF of two algebraic expressions is important in factoring. The first step\nin the systematic factoring of an expression is to take out the HCF of the\nterms:\n\n3ax2 − 6a2x = 3ax(x − 2a).\n\nFactoring by taking out the HCF is first considered in the module Algebraic\nExpressions, and developed further in the module, Negatives and the Index\nLaws.\n\nPrime numbers are the building blocks of all whole numbers when we take them\napart by factoring. For example, we can write 60 as a product of primes,\n\n60 = 22 × 3 × 5.\n\nEvery composite number has one and only one prime factorisation. Prime\nfactorisation is the central concern of the module Primes and Prime\nFactorisation. This module also shows how prime factorisation yields more\nsystematic approaches to the calculations of the HCF and LCM.\n\nThe five index laws have been introduced in the present module in the context\nof whole numbers, although it was mentioned that the fifth law, and a clearer\nstatement of the second law, require fractions. The modules, Negatives and the\nIndex Laws and Special Expansions and Algebraic Fractions extend them to\nrational numbers and also give them an algebraic formulation, although the\nindices are still only nonzero whole numbers. The later module The Index Laws\nextends the indices to any rational number.\n\nThe presentation in this module has been carried out arithmetically, and\nentirely within the whole numbers. There have been no algebra or fractions\nexcept in the occasional remark and exercise that looks forward to later\ncontent. Arrays, rather than areas, have been used to represent products, so\nthat the whole-number aspect of the ideas can be emphasised. It is important\nin later years, when algebra has been used to generalise the content, not to\nlose the arithmetic intuition of the present module.\n\nreturn to top\n\nHistory\n\nAll the present material was expounded by the ancient Greek mathematicians.\nThe idea of representing numbers by arrays was developed particularly by\nPythagoras and his school, who developed theories about what we now call\n‘figurate numbers’. These include the triangular numbers discussed in this\nmodule, and pentagonal and tetrahedral numbers.\n\nreturn to top\n\nANSWERS TO EXERCISES\n\nExercise 2\n\nHere is ‘odd minus odd equals even’. The other cases are similar.\n\n− =\n\nExercise 3\n\na\n\n The quotient of an even number and an even number may be even or odd. For example, 12 ÷ 6 = 2 and 12 ÷ 4 = 3.\nb\n\n The quotient of an even number and an odd number is always even. For example, 12 ÷ 3 = 4.\nc\n\n (When an odd number is divided by an even number, the remainder is never zero.)\nd\n\n The quotient of an odd number and an odd number is always odd. For example, 35 ÷ 5 = 7.\n\nExercise 4\n\nFor addition,\n\n2a + 2b| = 2(a + b) \n---|--- \n(2a + 1) + 2b| = 2(a + b) + 1 \n(2a + 1) + (2b + 1)| = 2(a + b + 1) \n \nFor multiplication,\n\n(2a) × (2b)| = 2 × 2ab \n---|--- \n(2a) × (2b + 1)| = 2 × a(2b + 1) \n(2a + 1) × (2b + 1)| = 4ab + 2a + 2b + 1 \n= 2(2ab + a + b) + 1 \n \nExercise 5\n\na\n\n All the numbers have a trivial array. The number 1 and the primes 2, 3, 5, 7 and 11 each have only a trivial array. The composite numbers 4, 6, 8, 9 and 12 each have at least one other array. The even numbers 2, 4, 6, 8, 10 and 12 are those with a 2-row array. The squares 4 and 9 also have a square array. The numbers 6 and 10 each have only one non-trivial rectangular array. The number 8 has the three-dimensional array and a 2 × 4 array. The number 12 has three two-dimensional arrays because 12 = 1 × 12 = 2 × 6 = 3 × 4, and also has a three-dimensional 2 × 2 × 3 array.\nb\n\n The 15 primes less than 50 are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11, 13, 17, 19, 23, 29, 31, 37, 41, 43, 47. The number 2 is the only even prime number.\nc\n\n There are five two-dimensional arrays 36 = 1 × 36 = 2 × 18 = 3 × 12 = 4 × 9 = 6 × 6. There are three three-dimensional arrays 36 = 2 × 2 × 9 = 2 × 3 × 6 = 3 × 3 × 4.\nd\n\n There are four arrays 16 = 1 × 16 = 2 × 8 = 4 × 4 = 2 × 2 × 4. If we had four dimensions at our disposal, we could draw the array corresponding to 16 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ne\n\n Various responses\nf\n\n The smallest number greater than 1 that is both square and cubic is 64 = 8 × 8 = 4 × 4 × 4. If we had use of six dimensions, we could draw the array 64 = 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2 × 2.\ng\n\n There are a great many ways to arrange 30 objects in a rectangular pattern or three dimensional block with no wasted space. The numbers 29 and 31 are prime, so except for packing all the items in a row, any packing into a block will have empty spaces.\n\nExercise 6\n\na\n\n The dots in the lower left triangle of the square array are the reflection of the dots in the upper right triangle.\nb\n\n It follows immediately from part a that the difference is even. Alternatively, the square of an even number is even and the square of an odd number is odd, and the difference of two even numbers or two odd numbers is even.\n\nExercise 7\n\na\n\n If each side of the square has, for example 7 dots, then the total numbers of dots is 6 + 6 + 6 + 6 = 4 × 6.\nb\n\n Take the larger of the two arrays, and keep removing its outer layer until it becomes the smaller array. At each step, the side length of the array goes down by 2, and the number of dots removed is a multiple of 4.\n\nExercise 8\n\na\n\n The difference increases by 1 each time, because each new row has one more dot.\nb\n\n 1, 3, 6, 10, 15, 21, 28, 36, 45, 55, 66, 78, 91, 105, 120, 136, 153, 171, 190, 210,...\nc\n\n Two odds, then two evens, then two odds, then two evens,... Every time an odd number is added, the sum changes from even to odd or from odd to even. When an even number is added, however, the sum either stays even or stays odd.\n\nExercise 9\n\nThe diagram shows that the 4th triangular number is (4 × 5) ÷ 2 = 10.\n\nSimilarly, the 100th triangular number is (100 × 101) ÷ 2 = 5050.\n\nExercise 10\n\na\n\n All the numbers except for the last number in the row have the same quotient. For example, the entries in the 5th row have quotient 4 when divided by 7.\nb\n\n All the numbers in, for example, the 5th column have remainder 5 when divided by 7.\n\nExercise 11\n\nThe remainders when 22 and 41 are divided by 6 are 4 and 5, whose sum is 9.\nBut 9 = 6 + 3, so the remainder when dividing 63 by 6 is 3.\n\nExercise 12\n\nThe factors of 72 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 9, 12, 18, 24, 36, 72.\n\nThe factors of 160 are 1, 2, 4, 5, 8, 10, 16, 20, 32 40, 80, 160.\n\nExercise 13\n\na\n\n The numbers 12 and 20 have HCF 4 and LCM 60, and 4 × 60 = 12 × 20.\nb\n\n When 12 and 20 are divided by their HCF, which is 4, the resulting numbers are 3 and 5, and the numbers 3 and 5 have HCF 1.\nc\n\n When the LCM, which is 60, is divided by 12 and by 20, the resulting numbers are 5 and 3, and the numbers 5 and 3 have HCF 1.\n\n(Notice that the resulting numbers in parts b and c are the same.)\n\nExercise 14\n\na\n\n 0, 1, 4, 9, 16, 25, 36, 49, 64, 81, 100, 121, 144, 169, 196, 225,...\nb\n\n 0, 1, 8, 27, 64, 125, 216, 343, 512, 729, 1000, 1331, 1728,...\n\nExercise 15\n\na\n\n 25 = 52 + 02 = 32 + 42.\nb\n\n 50 = 52 + 52 = 72 + 12.\nc\n\n 65 = 82 + 12 = 72 + 42.\nd\n\n 1729 = 123 + 13 = 103 + 93.\n\nExercise 16\n\nExercise 18\n\n201 = 128 + 64 + 8 + 1 = 27 + 26 + 23 + 1, so in base 2 notation, 201 = 11 001\n001.\n\nExercise 19\n\na\n\n Every fourth row and every fourth column is shaded, together with the numbers in the exact centre of the remaining squares.\nb\n\n The differences along each diagonal parallel to the leading diagonal increase by 2 each time.\nc\n\n \n\nThe differences from 49 are:\n\n12 when 1 step away, 22 when 2 steps away, 32 when 3 steps away,...\n\nThe same pattern of differences occurs along each parallel diagonal through a\nsquare, for example,\n\n4 × 6 = 52 − 12, 3 × 7 = 52 − 22, 2 × 8 = 52 − 32, 1 × 9 = 52 − 42\n\nExercise 20\n\na| 30004| = 34 × (103)4 \n---|---|--- \n= 81 × 1012 \n= 81 000 000 000 000 \nb| 4 000 0003| = 43 × (106)3 \n---|---|--- \n= 64 × 1018 \n= 64 000 000 000 000 000 000 \nc| 625 × 8000| = 54 × 23 × 103 \n---|---|--- \n= 5 × 103 × 103 \n= 5 000 000 \nd| 40003 × 503| = (4000 × 50)3 \n---|---|--- \n= 200 0003 \n= 8 000 000 000 000 000 \n \nThe Improving Mathematics Education in Schools (TIMES) Project 2009-2011 was\nfunded by the Australian Government Department of Education, Employment and\nWorkplace Relations.\n\nThe views expressed here are those of the author and do not necessarily\nrepresent the views of the Australian Government Department of Education,\nEmployment and Workplace Relations.\n\n© The University of Melbourne on behalf of the International Centre of\nExcellence for Education in Mathematics (ICE-EM), the education division of\nthe Australian Mathematical Sciences Institute (AMSI), 2010 (except where\notherwise indicated). This work is licensed under the Creative Commons\nAttribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivs 3.0 Unported License.\nhttps://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/3.0/\n\n"
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"title": "How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily",
"passages": [
"Finding the factors of a number is an important math skill for basic arithmetic, algebra and calculus. The factors of a number are any numbers that divide into it exactly, including 1 and the number itself. In other words, every number is the product of multiple factors.",
"The quickest way to find the factors of a number is to divide it by the smallest prime number (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no remainder. Continue this process with each number you get, until you reach 1.",
"A number that can only be divided by 1 and itself is called a prime number. Examples of prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13. The number 1 is not considered a prime number because 1 goes into everything.",
"Some divisibility rules can help you find the factors of a number. If a number is even, it's divisible by 2, i.e. 2 is a factor. If a number's digits total a number that's divisible by 3, the number itself is divisible by 3, i.e. 3 is a factor. If a number ends with a 0 or a 5, it's divisible by 5, i.e. 5 is a factor.",
"If a number is divisible twice by 2, it's divisible by 4, i.e. 4 is a factor. If a number is divisible by 2 and by 3, it's divisible by 6, i.e. 6 is a factor. If a number is divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is divisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9, i.e. 9 is a factor.",
"Establish the number you want to find the factors of, for example 24. Find two more numbers that multiply to make 24. In this case, 1 x 24 = 2 x 12 = 3 x 8 = 4 x 6 = 24. This means the factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.",
"Factor negative numbers in the same way as positive numbers, but make sure the factors multiply together to produce a negative number. For example, the factors of -30 are -1, 1, -2, 2, -3, 3, -5, 5, -6, 6, -10, 10, -15 and 15.",
"If you have a large number, it's more difficult to do the mental math to find its factors. To make it easier, create a table with two columns and write the number above it. Using the number 3784 as an example, start by dividing it by the smallest prime factor (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no remainder. In this case, 2 x 1892 = 3784. Write the prime factor (2) in the left column and the other number (1892) in the right column.",
"Continue with this process, i.e. 2 x 946 = 1892, adding both numbers to the table. When you reach an odd number (e.g., 2 x 473 = 946), divide by small prime numbers besides 2 until you find one that divides evenly with no remainder. In this case, 11 x 43 = 473. Continue the process until you reach 1.",
"Claire is a writer and editor with 18 years' experience. She writes about science and health for a range of digital publications, including Reader's Digest, HealthCentral, Vice and Zocdoc."
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"parsed_md": "How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily | Sciencing\n\n * # SCIENCE\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Cells\n\n * ### Molecular\n\n * ### Microorganisms\n\n * ### Genetics\n\n * ### Human Body\n\n * ### Ecology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Atomic & Molecular Structure\n\n * ### Bonds\n\n * ### Reactions\n\n * ### Stoichiometry\n\n * ### Solutions\n\n * ### Acids & Bases\n\n * ### Thermodynamics\n\n * ### Organic Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Mechanics\n\n * ### Electronics\n\n * ### Waves\n\n * ### Energy\n\n * ### Fluid\n\n * ### Astronomy\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Minerals & Rocks\n\n * ### Earth Structure\n\n * ### Fossils\n\n * ### Natural Disasters\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Ecosystems\n\n * ### Environment\n\n * ### Insects\n\n * ### Plants & Mushrooms\n\n * ### Animals\n\n * # MATH\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Addition & Subtraction\n\n * ### Multiplication & Division\n\n * ### Decimals\n\n * ### Fractions\n\n * ### Conversions\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Working With Units\n\n * ### Equations & Expressions\n\n * ### Ratios & Proportions\n\n * ### Inequalities\n\n * ### Exponents & Logarithms\n\n * ### Factorization\n\n * ### Functions\n\n * ### Linear Equations\n\n * ### Graphs\n\n * ### Quadratics\n\n * ### Polynomials\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Cartesian\n\n * ### Circles\n\n * ### Solids\n\n * ### Trigonometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Mean/Median/Mode\n\n * ### Independent/Dependent Variables\n\n * ### Deviation\n\n * ### Correlation\n\n * ### Sampling\n\n * ### Distributions\n\n * ### Probability\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * ### Differentiation/Integration\n\n * ### Application\n\n * # PROJECTS\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * # NEWS\n\n * Share\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\n * Home ⋅\n * Math ⋅\n * Arithmetic ⋅\n * Multiplication & Division\n\n# How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily\n\n••• djedzura/iStock/GettyImages\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nRelated\n\n### What Is Factoring in Math?\n\nUpdated May 10, 2018\n\nBy Claire Gillespie\n\nFinding the factors of a number is an important math skill for basic\narithmetic, algebra and calculus. The factors of a number are any numbers that\ndivide into it exactly, including 1 and the number itself. In other words,\nevery number is the product of multiple factors.\n\n#### TL;DR (Too Long; Didn't Read)\n\nThe quickest way to find the factors of a number is to divide it by the\nsmallest prime number (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no\nremainder. Continue this process with each number you get, until you reach 1.\n\n## Prime Numbers\n\nA number that can only be divided by 1 and itself is called a prime number.\nExamples of prime numbers are 2, 3, 5, 7, 11 and 13. The number 1 is not\nconsidered a prime number because 1 goes into everything.\n\n## Divisibility Rules\n\nSome divisibility rules can help you find the factors of a number. If a number\nis even, it's divisible by 2, i.e. 2 is a factor. If a number's digits total a\nnumber that's divisible by 3, the number itself is divisible by 3, i.e. 3 is a\nfactor. If a number ends with a 0 or a 5, it's divisible by 5, i.e. 5 is a\nfactor.\n\nIf a number is divisible twice by 2, it's divisible by 4, i.e. 4 is a factor.\nIf a number is divisible by 2 and by 3, it's divisible by 6, i.e. 6 is a\nfactor. If a number is divisible twice by 3 (or if the sum of the digits is\ndivisible by 9), then it's divisible by 9, i.e. 9 is a factor.\n\n## Finding Factors Quickly\n\nEstablish the number you want to find the factors of, for example 24. Find two\nmore numbers that multiply to make 24. In this case, 1 x 24 = 2 x 12 = 3 x 8 =\n4 x 6 = 24. This means the factors of 24 are 1, 2, 3, 4, 6, 8, 12 and 24.\n\nFactor negative numbers in the same way as positive numbers, but make sure the\nfactors multiply together to produce a negative number. For example, the\nfactors of -30 are -1, 1, -2, 2, -3, 3, -5, 5, -6, 6, -10, 10, -15 and 15.\n\nIf you have a large number, it's more difficult to do the mental math to find\nits factors. To make it easier, create a table with two columns and write the\nnumber above it. Using the number 3784 as an example, start by dividing it by\nthe smallest prime factor (bigger than 1) that goes into it evenly with no\nremainder. In this case, 2 x 1892 = 3784. Write the prime factor (2) in the\nleft column and the other number (1892) in the right column.\n\nContinue with this process, i.e. 2 x 946 = 1892, adding both numbers to the\ntable. When you reach an odd number (e.g., 2 x 473 = 946), divide by small\nprime numbers besides 2 until you find one that divides evenly with no\nremainder. In this case, 11 x 43 = 473. Continue the process until you reach\n1.\n\n#### References\n\n * Minnesota State University Moorhead: Factors, Multiples, and Divisors\n * Lamar State College-Orange: How to Find the Factors of a Number\n\n#### About the Author\n\nClaire is a writer and editor with 18 years' experience. She writes about\nscience and health for a range of digital publications, including Reader's\nDigest, HealthCentral, Vice and Zocdoc.\n\n### Find Your Next Great Science Fair Project! GO\n\n * Science\n\n * Math\n\n * Projects\n\n * News\n\n * About Us\n\n * Accessibility Statement\n\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Copyright Policy\n\n * Contact Us\n\n * Careers\n * Manage Preferences\n\nCopyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved.\n\n⨯\n\nDont Go!\n\nWe Have More Great Sciencing Articles!\n\n## What Is Factoring in Math?\n\n## How to Factor Negative Numbers\n\n## How to Write Polynomial Functions When Given Zeros\n\n## How to Find Factors of a Constant Term\n\n## Definition of Successor and Predecessor in Math\n\n## How to Calculate a Coprime\n\n"
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"title": "How to Factor Negative Numbers",
"passages": [
"Factors are numbers that -- when multiplied together -- result in another number, which is known as a product. The laws of multiplication state that when a negative number is multiplied by a positive number, the product will be negative. So, if considering a factor pair of a negative product, one of these factors must be negative and the other factor must be positive. Otherwise, factoring negative numbers works in the same way as factoring positive numbers.",
"The factors of a number entail all of the numbers that can be multiplied by one another to produce that number. For example, the factors of -8 are: 1 and -8, -1 and 8, 2 and -4, and -2 and 4. This is because each of these factor pairs, when multiplied together, produce -8, as follows: 1 x -8 = -8; -1 x 8 = -8; 2 x -4 = -8; and -2 x 4 = -8. Essentially, to factor a negative number, find all of its positive factors, then duplicate them and write a negative sign in front of the duplicates. For instance, the positive factors of -3 are 1 and 3. Duplicating them produces 1, 3, 1, 3; writing a negative sign before the duplicates produces 1, 3, -1, -3, which are all of the factors of -3.",
"Based in western New York, Amy Harris began writing for Demand Media and Great Lakes Brewing News in 2010. Harris holds a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics from Penn State University; she taught high school math for several years and has also worked in the field of instructional design."
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"parsed_md": "How to Factor Negative Numbers | Sciencing\n\n * # SCIENCE\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Cells\n\n * ### Molecular\n\n * ### Microorganisms\n\n * ### Genetics\n\n * ### Human Body\n\n * ### Ecology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Atomic & Molecular Structure\n\n * ### Bonds\n\n * ### Reactions\n\n * ### Stoichiometry\n\n * ### Solutions\n\n * ### Acids & Bases\n\n * ### Thermodynamics\n\n * ### Organic Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Mechanics\n\n * ### Electronics\n\n * ### Waves\n\n * ### Energy\n\n * ### Fluid\n\n * ### Astronomy\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Minerals & Rocks\n\n * ### Earth Structure\n\n * ### Fossils\n\n * ### Natural Disasters\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Ecosystems\n\n * ### Environment\n\n * ### Insects\n\n * ### Plants & Mushrooms\n\n * ### Animals\n\n * # MATH\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Addition & Subtraction\n\n * ### Multiplication & Division\n\n * ### Decimals\n\n * ### Fractions\n\n * ### Conversions\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Working With Units\n\n * ### Equations & Expressions\n\n * ### Ratios & Proportions\n\n * ### Inequalities\n\n * ### Exponents & Logarithms\n\n * ### Factorization\n\n * ### Functions\n\n * ### Linear Equations\n\n * ### Graphs\n\n * ### Quadratics\n\n * ### Polynomials\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Fundamentals\n\n * ### Cartesian\n\n * ### Circles\n\n * ### Solids\n\n * ### Trigonometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Mean/Median/Mode\n\n * ### Independent/Dependent Variables\n\n * ### Deviation\n\n * ### Correlation\n\n * ### Sampling\n\n * ### Distributions\n\n * ### Probability\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * ### Differentiation/Integration\n\n * ### Application\n\n * # PROJECTS\n\n * ### Biology\n\n * ### Chemistry\n\n * ### Physics\n\n * ### Geology\n\n * ### Nature\n\n * ### Arithmetic\n\n * ### Algebra\n\n * ### Geometry\n\n * ### Probability & Statistics\n\n * ### Calculus\n\n * # NEWS\n\n * Share\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\n * Home ⋅\n * Math ⋅\n * Algebra ⋅\n * Factorization\n\n# How to Factor Negative Numbers\n\n••• JordiDelgado/iStock/GettyImages\n\nShare\n\nTweet\n\nEmail\n\nPrint\n\nRelated\n\n### How to Factor Polynomials With 4 Terms\n\nUpdated March 13, 2018\n\nBy Amy Harris\n\nFactors are numbers that -- when multiplied together -- result in another\nnumber, which is known as a product. The laws of multiplication state that\nwhen a negative number is multiplied by a positive number, the product will be\nnegative. So, if considering a factor pair of a negative product, one of these\nfactors must be negative and the other factor must be positive. Otherwise,\nfactoring negative numbers works in the same way as factoring positive\nnumbers.\n\n## Factors of a Negative Number\n\nThe factors of a number entail all of the numbers that can be multiplied by\none another to produce that number. For example, the factors of -8 are: 1 and\n-8, -1 and 8, 2 and -4, and -2 and 4. This is because each of these factor\npairs, when multiplied together, produce -8, as follows: 1 x -8 = -8; -1 x 8 =\n-8; 2 x -4 = -8; and -2 x 4 = -8. Essentially, to factor a negative number,\nfind all of its positive factors, then duplicate them and write a negative\nsign in front of the duplicates. For instance, the positive factors of -3 are\n1 and 3. Duplicating them produces 1, 3, 1, 3; writing a negative sign before\nthe duplicates produces 1, 3, -1, -3, which are all of the factors of -3.\n\n#### References\n\n * Math Is Fun: All Factors of a Number\n * AAA Math: Multiplication of Two and Three Digit Integers\n\n#### About the Author\n\nBased in western New York, Amy Harris began writing for Demand Media and Great\nLakes Brewing News in 2010. Harris holds a Bachelor of Science in Mathematics\nfrom Penn State University; she taught high school math for several years and\nhas also worked in the field of instructional design.\n\n### Find Your Next Great Science Fair Project! GO\n\n * Science\n\n * Math\n\n * Projects\n\n * News\n\n * About Us\n\n * Accessibility Statement\n\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Copyright Policy\n\n * Contact Us\n\n * Careers\n * Manage Preferences\n\nCopyright 2020 Leaf Group Ltd. / Leaf Group Media, All Rights Reserved.\n\n⨯\n\nDont Go!\n\nWe Have More Great Sciencing Articles!\n\n## How to Factor Polynomials With 4 Terms\n\n## How to Find All The Factors of a Number Quickly and Easily\n\n## How to Divide Negative Numbers\n\n## Tricks for Factoring Quadratic Equations\n\n## How to Identify a Numerical Coefficient of a Term\n\n## How to Multiply Fractions With Negative Numbers\n\n"
}
] |
412,213 | How To Make Your Legs Look Wider When They're Thin | To make your legs look wider, opt for straight-legged or boot-cut pants. Look for light colors, such as pale blue, light gray, or khaki, since dark colors generally have a slimming effect. You can also go for pants with bold patterns, like horizontal stripes, plaids, or floral prints. Alternatively, wear shorts that end mid-thigh, which will make your legs look as wide as your mid-thighs. You can also go for skirts or dresses that end mid-thigh or mid-calf. Or, wear knee-length boots to make your legs look thicker. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060837/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-2/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916035104/http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201108115154/http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060833/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201112041830/https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418212240/http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/"
] | train | 1,536 | [
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"title": "Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)",
"passages": [
"Finding the right outfits and accessories for thin, skinny girl is actually much easier than for those who have curves and weight. Thanks to the fashion industry who creates such “skinnier is better” images by always bringing those skinny models to showcase their fashion staples. And by this, it means there are plenty of fashion choices out there for you to pull off just exactly like those models. So, be grateful with your slender body, and always be confident with that",
"These tips are probably useless if you think your thinness is fine. If you don’t have problem with your body silhouette, then you can just wear anything you want. Many fashion pictorials show that being skinny is not a big deal since we can wear as many types of outfits as we want.",
"On the other hand, if you still have problem with self-esteem linked to your skinny frame, let’s continue last article, “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 1)“, on how and what to fashion the thin figure.",
"Right colors and prints Colors: Bright and light colors like vibrant shades and pastels are great to create volume as well to give a fashionable, feminine touch into the look. Don’t be shy about wearing bright colors and dare to wear red or yellow if you have the right coloring. Avoid monochromatic outfits, while attires with various colors such as color block or tone-on-tone are strongly recommended.",
"If you want to look wider, the best trick is to opt for outfits that split up your body at the center line, creating two halves by distinctive colors. Wear more than one color combination and play them with contrast. For example wear light tops and dark bottoms or vice versa.",
"Diagonal silhouette is a great bet to create wider frame, which can be produced by pairing pieces in contrasting colors",
"Prints: Heavy prints look great on skinny figure, so go for big and colorful motifs to achieve the illusion of fullness. Avoid vertical lines, and opt for horizontal or diagonal stripes instead such as the navy patterns. Both horizontal and diagonal patterns can add curves to your body, promising wider appearance either with blouses, dresses, trousers or skirts.",
"Right fabrics Fabrics with some structure and textures such as knits, denim, leather, tweed, corduroy, and thick lace are great for creating the illusion of curve, but you also don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. So, go with heavy fabrics or even layers, but make sure the fabrics are soft and flexible enough to keep you comfortable and less bulky.",
"If you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics like silk, cotton, linen, and satin are great to try, but if you want to add curve then avoid them and go for something thicker. You can try playing with contrast, for example team a silk blouse with jeans or a plain cotton tee shirt with linen trousers or a satin skirt. Knit shirt-dresses, often made of acrylic or heavy cotton blends, can also help you look curvier.",
"Right accessories and footwear Choosing the right accessories and footwear surely can highlight your strengths including your slender figure, elegant neck and lean legs. Number of fashion pieces like belts, scarves, and jewelries are definitely a good bet for accentuating your skinny figure.",
"Belts: besides giving formal touch into your look, both thick and skinny belts paired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your tiny waist. If you have no waist, go for wide belts in bright colors, and if your waist is small, try out some beautiful original belts.",
"Scarves: knowing how to tie your scarf may also change the overall look. Especially for those with a thin, long neck, scarves and shawls suit well because they add volume and divert attention away from your figure. If you have very thin arms, wear a little scarf knotted around your neck rather than contrasting a thick shawl with thin arms. A smartly chosen chunky scarf can also hide a longer neck and will add some personal touch to your style.",
"Jewelries: these sparkling accessories can do more to your appearance. Other than scarves, necklaces can also add weight and dimension to your thin, long neck. Wear those low and big, beaded necklaces and combine it with round neckline of your top to achieve much fuller neck. Choose the colorful ones, do some color-blocking for a more striking statement.",
"Bracelets and bangles – wooden or metal – that strike as you pass by are the major attention grabbers, and they can add curves too. Wear several on your wrist to jazz up a dull outfit or give it an ethnic look. If your wrists are really tiny, bangles give an illusion of volume and of softness. Be careful not to go too bling, though!",
"Footwear: skinny women should prefer wearing lower heels or flats with impressive style. If you want to wear heels or wedges instead, the height should be kept to a minimum, or you can play with colors, sparks, and appliques for adding weight to your legs and for drawing attention away from the bony knees. Heels and wedges will actually produce much taller figure to thin women, making them as gorgeous as supermodels. It basically depends on your confidence.",
"Pick the right boots based on its weight and design. Boots are generally long and will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. However, be sure to avoid heavy shoes, because light weight shoes will give balance to your silhouette, while heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. When choosing a pair of tall boots, opt for narrow calf boots or knee-high sleek boots that fit well around your ultra-skinny calves. Your tall boots are not supposed to gape around the calf area, although sometimes slouchy boot styles are easier to fit because the gaping works with the relaxed vibe of the boots.",
"Best Haircut for Skinny Girl No matter what your hair color, your hair style matters a lot and adds great charm to your appearance. For those who are skinny and have a long, thin neck, your goal is to add volumes and curves in your hair. The more style you add to your hair, the more beautiful you will appear. Medium length or short-bob, wavier or chunkier hairstyles, those will look best and add feminine flair to the skinny figure. Not to mention, long bangs, curls, layers, and angles also flatter.",
"However, the wrong kind of hairdo can be particularly upsetting to the sleek balance of your body and make you look like you might topple over at any moment. So, don’t go too big-haired or your hair will look disproportionate to your body. Also avoid too long, too straight and sleek hair as it only emphasizes your thinness. Too short or spiky hair can also look masculine on a boyish figure, while hair locks, bun, puffs, plats, etc. are the many types that can be molded in a thousand different ways. You may even give your hair some new color. Ask your hairstylist for more ideas and suggestions.",
"Right swimsuit Lucky for those with thin figure that they have body to wear those chic ruffled and colored tops that are so hot right now, so go for it. But if your bust is really flat, look for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size. Cute, flattering designs like the bandeau top, demi-bra style, Brazilian two-piece swimwear make the most of a beautiful, dainty, bust line.",
"If you’re into swimming, wear one piece instead, and avoid swimwear with too many details and too much fabric, also make sure your supportive bra fits well and comes with adjustable straps. As for prints and colors, again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust, even you are still allowed to play with other numerous bright colors and prints as fun as you like.",
"Finally, if you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then take a look at these images featuring fashion campaigns and styles for skinny women. Just remember to always show off your best assets and conceal the others, that you are aiming for a balanced silhouette and to be confident no matter what shape your body is.",
"She brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one- on-one session with her beloved clients.",
"April 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 1| 2| 3| 4 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 26| 27| 28| 29| 30"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)\n\nGorgeous & BeautifulEasy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas.\n\nShopping Cart 0 items - $0.00 0\n\n# Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)\n\n### Address\n\n143 W Street Name, New York, NY 10014\n\nPhone: +1(800)123-4588\n\nEmail: info@yoursite.com\n\n### Follow Me\n\nFashion Tips May 30, 2013 0Comments\n\nFinding the right outfits and accessories for thin, skinny girl is actually\nmuch easier than for those who have curves and weight. Thanks to the fashion\nindustry who creates such “skinnier is better” images by always bringing those\nskinny models to showcase their fashion staples. And by this, it means there\nare plenty of fashion choices out there for you to pull off just exactly like\nthose models. So, be grateful with your slender body, and always be confident\nwith that\n\nThese tips are probably useless if you think your thinness is fine. If you\ndon’t have problem with your body silhouette, then you can just wear anything\nyou want. Many fashion pictorials show that being skinny is not a big deal\nsince we can wear as many types of outfits as we want.\n\nOn the other hand, if you still have problem with self-esteem linked to your\nskinny frame, let’s continue last article, “Fashion Tips and Style If You are\na Skinny Girl (Part 1)“, on how and what to fashion the thin figure.\n\nPlaying with vibrant shades and prints can be the most fun part for those with\nthin frame\n\nRight colors and prints Colors: Bright and light colors like vibrant shades\nand pastels are great to create volume as well to give a fashionable, feminine\ntouch into the look. Don’t be shy about wearing bright colors and dare to wear\nred or yellow if you have the right coloring. Avoid monochromatic outfits,\nwhile attires with various colors such as color block or tone-on-tone are\nstrongly recommended.\n\nIf you want to look wider, the best trick is to opt for outfits that split up\nyour body at the center line, creating two halves by distinctive colors. Wear\nmore than one color combination and play them with contrast. For example wear\nlight tops and dark bottoms or vice versa.\n\nDiagonal silhouette is a great bet to create wider frame, which can be\nproduced by pairing pieces in contrasting colors\n\nPrints: Heavy prints look great on skinny figure, so go for big and colorful\nmotifs to achieve the illusion of fullness. Avoid vertical lines, and opt for\nhorizontal or diagonal stripes instead such as the navy patterns. Both\nhorizontal and diagonal patterns can add curves to your body, promising wider\nappearance either with blouses, dresses, trousers or skirts.\n\nRight fabrics Fabrics with some structure and textures such as knits, denim,\nleather, tweed, corduroy, and thick lace are great for creating the illusion\nof curve, but you also don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame\nlook rigid. So, go with heavy fabrics or even layers, but make sure the\nfabrics are soft and flexible enough to keep you comfortable and less bulky.\n\nIf you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics like silk, cotton,\nlinen, and satin are great to try, but if you want to add curve then avoid\nthem and go for something thicker. You can try playing with contrast, for\nexample team a silk blouse with jeans or a plain cotton tee shirt with linen\ntrousers or a satin skirt. Knit shirt-dresses, often made of acrylic or heavy\ncotton blends, can also help you look curvier.\n\nRight accessories and footwear Choosing the right accessories and footwear\nsurely can highlight your strengths including your slender figure, elegant\nneck and lean legs. Number of fashion pieces like belts, scarves, and\njewelries are definitely a good bet for accentuating your skinny figure.\n\nPleats, layers, belts, textured fabrics are good options to accentuate your\nsilhouette\n\nBelts: besides giving formal touch into your look, both thick and skinny belts\npaired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate\nyour tiny waist. If you have no waist, go for wide belts in bright colors, and\nif your waist is small, try out some beautiful original belts.\n\nScarves: knowing how to tie your scarf may also change the overall look.\nEspecially for those with a thin, long neck, scarves and shawls suit well\nbecause they add volume and divert attention away from your figure. If you\nhave very thin arms, wear a little scarf knotted around your neck rather than\ncontrasting a thick shawl with thin arms. A smartly chosen chunky scarf can\nalso hide a longer neck and will add some personal touch to your style.\n\nAbuse scarf or jewelry such as necklace to give a fuller effect on your neck\n\nJewelries: these sparkling accessories can do more to your appearance. Other\nthan scarves, necklaces can also add weight and dimension to your thin, long\nneck. Wear those low and big, beaded necklaces and combine it with round\nneckline of your top to achieve much fuller neck. Choose the colorful ones, do\nsome color-blocking for a more striking statement.\n\nBracelets and bangles – wooden or metal – that strike as you pass by are the\nmajor attention grabbers, and they can add curves too. Wear several on your\nwrist to jazz up a dull outfit or give it an ethnic look. If your wrists are\nreally tiny, bangles give an illusion of volume and of softness. Be careful\nnot to go too bling, though!\n\nFootwear: skinny women should prefer wearing lower heels or flats with\nimpressive style. If you want to wear heels or wedges instead, the height\nshould be kept to a minimum, or you can play with colors, sparks, and\nappliques for adding weight to your legs and for drawing attention away from\nthe bony knees. Heels and wedges will actually produce much taller figure to\nthin women, making them as gorgeous as supermodels. It basically depends on\nyour confidence.\n\nHigh Sleek Boots for thin legged women\n\nPick the right boots based on its weight and design. Boots are generally long\nand will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. However, be sure to avoid\nheavy shoes, because light weight shoes will give balance to your silhouette,\nwhile heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. When choosing a pair\nof tall boots, opt for narrow calf boots or knee-high sleek boots that fit\nwell around your ultra-skinny calves. Your tall boots are not supposed to gape\naround the calf area, although sometimes slouchy boot styles are easier to fit\nbecause the gaping works with the relaxed vibe of the boots.\n\nHaircuts and styles for thin face and long neck\n\nBest Haircut for Skinny Girl No matter what your hair color, your hair style\nmatters a lot and adds great charm to your appearance. For those who are\nskinny and have a long, thin neck, your goal is to add volumes and curves in\nyour hair. The more style you add to your hair, the more beautiful you will\nappear. Medium length or short-bob, wavier or chunkier hairstyles, those will\nlook best and add feminine flair to the skinny figure. Not to mention, long\nbangs, curls, layers, and angles also flatter.\n\nHowever, the wrong kind of hairdo can be particularly upsetting to the sleek\nbalance of your body and make you look like you might topple over at any\nmoment. So, don’t go too big-haired or your hair will look disproportionate to\nyour body. Also avoid too long, too straight and sleek hair as it only\nemphasizes your thinness. Too short or spiky hair can also look masculine on a\nboyish figure, while hair locks, bun, puffs, plats, etc. are the many types\nthat can be molded in a thousand different ways. You may even give your hair\nsome new color. Ask your hairstylist for more ideas and suggestions.\n\nDesigns of swimwear best suited for skinny women\n\nRight swimsuit Lucky for those with thin figure that they have body to wear\nthose chic ruffled and colored tops that are so hot right now, so go for it.\nBut if your bust is really flat, look for tops with padding, under wiring and\na triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size. Cute, flattering\ndesigns like the bandeau top, demi-bra style, Brazilian two-piece swimwear\nmake the most of a beautiful, dainty, bust line.\n\nIf you’re into swimming, wear one piece instead, and avoid swimwear with too\nmany details and too much fabric, also make sure your supportive bra fits well\nand comes with adjustable straps. As for prints and colors, again, horizontal\nstripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust, even you are still allowed to\nplay with other numerous bright colors and prints as fun as you like.\n\nFinally, if you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim\nshape then take a look at these images featuring fashion campaigns and styles\nfor skinny women. Just remember to always show off your best assets and\nconceal the others, that you are aiming for a balanced silhouette and to be\nconfident no matter what shape your body is.\n\nSheen and Heavy Prints for adding weight and dimension on slim figure\n\nStreet Fashion Style for Skinny Women\n\nTags: fashion tips for skinny girlsskinny outfits\n\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\n\n##### About Me\n\nShe brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one-\non-one session with her beloved clients.\n\n##### Categories\n\n * Accessories\n\n * Bags\n * Eyewear\n * Jewelries\n * Scarves\n * Shoes\n * Tights and Socks\n * Beauty Tips\n\n * Beauty Collection\n * Hairstyles\n * Fashion Tips\n\n * How To Wear\n * Petite Fashion\n * Plus Size\n * Get the Look\n\n * Street Fashion\n * LookBook\n\n * Campaigns\n * Runways\n\n * London\n * Milan\n * New York\n * Paris\n * Shopping Tips\n * Trend\n\n * Lingerie\n * Style\n * Swimwear\n * Wedding\n\n##### Calendar\n\nApril 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n1| 2| 3| 4 \n5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 \n12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 \n19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 \n26| 27| 28| 29| 30 \n \n##### Recent Posts\n\n###### Cocktail Dresses for Party : Easy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas\n\n###### What to Wear to Spring Wedding – Transitional Weather Fashion Tips\n\n###### How to Wear A Little (Black, White, Red) Dress – Simple and Easy\n\n## Address\n\n143 W Street Name, NY 10014 +1 (800) 123-4588\n\n## Menu\n\n * About\n * Services\n * Blog\n * Contacts\n\n## Follow Me\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n\n## Newsletter\n\nGorgeautiful © 2012 All rights reserved. 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},
{
"original_url": "http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170916035104/http://www.mademan.com:80/mm/10-fashion-tips-skinny-men.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men",
"passages": [
"If you’re one of those guys who can eat everything in sight without putting on an ounce or work out at the gym without bulking up, you will benefit from these ten fashion tips for skinny men. Before you head out for the mall, go through your closet and pull out anything that emphasizes your slight frame.",
"Avoid anything oversized. Skinny men should take this fashion tip and stop wearing anything too big or bulky. It only makes you look like a boy playing dress-up in Dad’s clothes.",
"Wear small shoulder pads to balance out your narrow frame. Not wearing shoulder pads may emphasize your narrow shoulders, but if you’re a skinny man, another fashion tip is to avoid shoulder pads that are too big. They’ll just make you look out of proportion.",
"Jackets should hit you at the hip. Anything longer will make you look like an ostrich with too much body and toothpick legs. Shorter will make you look like a pre-pubescent boy.",
"Another fashion tip for skinny men is to only wear flat-front pants. The puckers from pleats will give you unsightly, unnatural bulges when you sit.",
"Avoid pinstripes—especially in pants. Skinny men should follow this top ten fashion tip if they don’t want to look like a pole.",
"To look well-proportioned, wear straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans. Stay away from skinny jeans or tapered pants that emphasize toothpick legs and no rear.",
"When weather allows, wear turtleneck sweaters. A V-neck sweater will give you a crane-like appearance, drawing attention to your skinniness.",
"Select spread collared dress shirts. The wider spread will give the appearance of wider shoulders. This is an important fashion tip for skinny men who want to climb the corporate ladder.",
"Opt for layers. In addition to being practical for comfort, this top ten fashion tip for skinny men can actually give you the well proportioned look you want.",
"Avoid wearing a belt that is too big. Nothing says “skinny” louder than a belt that you can wrap twice around your waist or hip.",
"All ten fashion tips for skinny men are formulated to make you look well- proportioned and confident in your appearance. Everything should fit, so you can focus on being your fabulous self.",
"Any guy under the average height of 5'9\" to 5'10\" should heed these ten fashion tips for short men. No ...",
"If you’re feeling a little lost as far as what to wear, welcome to this awesome list of 10 body shape fashion tips ...",
"Follow these 10 fashion tips for men with broad shoulders so you can dress to impress. Broad shoulders are no ...",
"Learn about 10 edgy fashion tips for men. While women are offered fashion advice on every corner, men don't have the ...",
"If your idea of a casual look is sweat pants and a t-shirt, you're in dire need of the top 10 casual fashion tips fo ...",
"Tall guys you may think you have fashion figured out, but take a moment to read these ten fashion tips for tall men. For ...",
"If you’re a youthful guy and want to look pulled together and stylish, follow these 10 fashion tips for young ...",
"Follow these 10 winter fashion tips for men to know to wear when the weather gets cold. When it's chilly out and all ...",
"Looking for fashion tips for men in their 30’s? Unlike many women who understand the rules of fashion, men sometim ...",
"The following 10 fashion tips for men’s shoes will answer some of the nagging questions you may have, but don&rsqu; ...",
"Five style tips for straight boyish figures does not include padded shoulders or bulky sweaters. These are ploys easily ...",
"By keeping some basic guidelines in mind, you can learn about 5 great fashion tips for men. No matter what your age, goo ..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men | Made Man\n\n# Inside Style\n\n * Clothing\n * Grooming\n * Home\n * Shoes & Accessories\n * Body Modification\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# These Board Shorts Look Awesome—and Won’t Blind Your Friends\n\n# 25 Definitive Quotes on Men’s Style\n\n# What Your Underwear Tells Her About You\n\n# 11 Instagram Lessons in How to Rock the Pocket Square\n\n# Inside Food & Drink\n\n * Mixology\n * Dining\n * Beer & Wine\n * Cooking\n * Grilling & BBQ\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# How to Identify Every Favorite Cut of Steak Ever\n\n# Guys, Please Stop Overcooking Your Steaks\n\n# 25 Bacon Porn Photos to Make Your Day\n\n# 5 Drinks You Should Never Buy a Woman\n\n# Inside Entertainment\n\n * Celebrities\n * Movies & TV\n * Travel\n * Nightlife\n * Sports\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# 10 Tell-Tale Signs You're an American Traveling Abroad\n\n# 6 of the Most Haunted Airbnb Homes Most Wouldn't Dare to Stay\n\n# 8 Patriotic Songs That Instill Us With American Pride\n\n# Randy Moss Is Still Flying\n\n# Inside Tech & Gear\n\n * Cool Gadgets\n * Internet & Apps\n * Rides\n * Tech & Innovation\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# Climb Inside This 13-Foot Mech Suit\n\n# Must-Have Gear to Transform Any Parking Lot into a Tailgate Party\n\n# Breathtaking Mods Prove the Indian Scout Bobber Is Equal Parts Versatile and\nBadass\n\n# Test Driving the Vanderhall Venice Completely Changed Our Minds About\n3-Wheelers\n\n# Inside Lifestyle\n\n * Sexuality\n * Fitness\n * Healthy Living\n * Fatherhood\n * Finances\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# Science Says These Are the Secrets to Being More Intense Lovers\n\n# This Kickass Workout Will Leave Her Staring at Your Butt\n\n# Study Says Women Twice as Likely to Lose Interest in Sex—Keep Yours Hot With\nThese 9 Steamy Positions For Mind-Blowing Oral Sex\n\n# Randy Moss Is Still Flying\n\n# Inside News\n\n * Trending\n * Politics\n * Business\n * Entertainment\n * Sports\n\n# Recent Articles\n\n# 6 Ways You Can Help Victims of Hurricane Harvey\n\n# MK-Ultra, Lies and LSD: Did the CIA Secretly Murder One of Its Own\nScientists?\n\n# Los Angeles Goes Nuts Over Fake Conor McGregor\n\n# Science Says Women Are Happier With Men Who Are Less Attractive Than They\nAre\n\n# More About Women\n\n * What Women Want\n * More Women\n * Women We Admire\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Chickipedia\n\n# 7 Gestures Women Find Incredibly Irresistible\n\n# Sarah Huckabee Sanders Dropped a Whopper, but It’s Not One of the 7 Lies All\nWomen Tell\n\n# Things Men Do That Really Turn Women Off\n\n# The Most Dangerous and Deadly Women the World Has Ever Known\n\n# Inside Video\n\n * 60-Second Happy Hour\n * The Donnelly Show\n * 100 Things\n * Speakeasy\n * Beer Food\n * For the Win\n\n# 60-Second Happy Hour: Jungle Bird\n\n# This Spiked Pulp Fiction Float Tastes Goooood\n\n# This Cocktail Is Always Ready to Throw Down\n\n# Drink in the Dark to Serve the Light\n\nMademan › Style News, Articles & Editorials | Made Man › Clothing › 10 Fashion\nTips For Skinny men\n\n## More on Made Man\n\n## 10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men\n\n## 10 Best Songs About Change\n\n## 5 Tips for Getting Girls Wet\n\n## Dan Marino Stats\n\n## How to Make a French Connection Cocktail\n\n## Kings Cup Drinking Game Rules\n\n## 10 Italian Tattoos for Men Ideas\n\n## Good Questions to Ask When You Meet Women\n\n## Cute Names To Call Your Girlfriend\n\n## 5 Cute Ways To Ask a Girl Out\n\n## 10 Real Techniques for Masturbation Every Man Needs to Try\n\n## 10 Best Famous Quotes by Clint Eastwood\n\n## Incredible Hulk Drinks\n\n## 13 Easy Card Drinking Games\n\n## 19 Cute Love Song Lyrics\n\n## The 15 Best Romantic Pickup Lines\n\n## 10 Free Safe Porn Sites\n\n## 10 Best Songs About Winning\n\n## 5 Arm Exercises Without Weights\n\n## How To Clean Sperry Shoes\n\n## 10 Flirty Knock Knock Jokes\n\n## 10 Best Country Song Quotes\n\n## 10 Flirty Jokes To Tell Your Girlfriend\n\n## 8 Must-Have Apps For Every Man\n\n## 4 Young Beauties That Look Like Emma Watson\n\n## 5 Bootylicious Women Who Look Like Beyonce\n\n## 7 Things Every Sports Bar Should Have\n\n## Cruising Solo? 10 Tips to Find a Date on a Ship\n\n## 4 Bachelor Party Packages That Any To Be Groom Would Love\n\n## 8 Cruise Destinations You Should Consider\n\n## 4 Girls Next Door That Look Like Jennifer Lawrence\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Skinny men\n\n * By Lynn Wallace | 04/17/2010\n\nFacebook Twitter Stumble Google+ Save\n\nIf you’re one of those guys who can eat everything in sight without putting on\nan ounce or work out at the gym without bulking up, you will benefit from\nthese ten fashion tips for skinny men. Before you head out for the mall, go\nthrough your closet and pull out anything that emphasizes your slight frame.\n\n 1. Avoid anything oversized. Skinny men should take this fashion tip and stop wearing anything too big or bulky. It only makes you look like a boy playing dress-up in Dad’s clothes.\n 2. Wear small shoulder pads to balance out your narrow frame. Not wearing shoulder pads may emphasize your narrow shoulders, but if you’re a skinny man, another fashion tip is to avoid shoulder pads that are too big. They’ll just make you look out of proportion.\n 3. Jackets should hit you at the hip. Anything longer will make you look like an ostrich with too much body and toothpick legs. Shorter will make you look like a pre-pubescent boy.\n 4. Another fashion tip for skinny men is to only wear flat-front pants. The puckers from pleats will give you unsightly, unnatural bulges when you sit.\n 5. Avoid pinstripes—especially in pants. Skinny men should follow this top ten fashion tip if they don’t want to look like a pole.\n 6. To look well-proportioned, wear straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans. Stay away from skinny jeans or tapered pants that emphasize toothpick legs and no rear.\n 7. When weather allows, wear turtleneck sweaters. A V-neck sweater will give you a crane-like appearance, drawing attention to your skinniness.\n 8. Select spread collared dress shirts. The wider spread will give the appearance of wider shoulders. This is an important fashion tip for skinny men who want to climb the corporate ladder.\n 9. Opt for layers. In addition to being practical for comfort, this top ten fashion tip for skinny men can actually give you the well proportioned look you want.\n 10. Avoid wearing a belt that is too big. Nothing says “skinny” louder than a belt that you can wrap twice around your waist or hip.\n\nAll ten fashion tips for skinny men are formulated to make you look well-\nproportioned and confident in your appearance. Everything should fit, so you\ncan focus on being your fabulous self.\n\nshow comments\n\n## What Others Are Reading Right Now.\n\nRead on Mademan\n\n * 6 Signs She Wants You to Come Talk to Her at the Bar\n\nThese not-so-subtle hints mean legit interest—and time for action.\n\n * The 7 Best Exercises to Build Arms That Turn Heads\n\nBecause who doesn’t want wicked big guns?\n\n * The 11 Manliest Sports You’ve (Probably) Never Heard Of\n\nLooking for exotic ways to measure your masculinity? Start here.\n\n# Related Articles\n\n## Reccomended for You\n\n# Introducing Made Man Mixology. New Channel! 50+ excellent cocktail recipes\nfor the making and sharing.\n\n# How to Compliment Women Without Being a Skeeze or Catcaller\n\n# GUYDES: How to be Suave at a Bar\n\n# My Week As Hemingway, or Oh Yes, There Will Be Gin\n\n# 20 EASY WAYS TO UPGRADE YOUR LIFE\n\n# DRESS SHARP: 5 KILLER SUIT TIPS\n\nLoad More\n\n# Today’s Top Stories\n\narticle\n\n# How to Identify Every Favorite Cut of Steak Ever\n\nIf you don't know, now you know.\n\ngallery\n\n# 7 Gestures Women Find Incredibly Irresistible\n\nScience has figured it all out for you.\n\ngallery\n\n# 10 Tell-Tale Signs You’re an American Traveling Abroad\n\nBe careful, your stars and stripes are showing...\n\n# More Stories Like This\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Short Men\n\nAny guy under the average height of 5'9\" to 5'10\" should heed these ten\nfashion tips for short men. No ...\n\n# 10 Body Shape Fashion Tips\n\nIf you’re feeling a little lost as far as what to wear, welcome to this\nawesome list of 10 body shape fashion tips ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips for Men With Broad Shoulders\n\nFollow these 10 fashion tips for men with broad shoulders so you can dress to\nimpress. Broad shoulders are no ...\n\n# 10 Edgy Fashion Tips for Men\n\nLearn about 10 edgy fashion tips for men. While women are offered fashion\nadvice on every corner, men don't have the ...\n\n# 10 Casual Fashion Tips for Men\n\nIf your idea of a casual look is sweat pants and a t-shirt, you're in dire\nneed of the top 10 casual fashion tips fo ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Tall Men\n\nTall guys you may think you have fashion figured out, but take a moment to\nread these ten fashion tips for tall men. For ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Young Men\n\nIf you’re a youthful guy and want to look pulled together and stylish, follow\nthese 10 fashion tips for young ...\n\n# 10 Winter Fashion Tips For Men\n\nFollow these 10 winter fashion tips for men to know to wear when the weather\ngets cold. When it's chilly out and all ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Men In Their 30's\n\nLooking for fashion tips for men in their 30’s? Unlike many women who\nunderstand the rules of fashion, men sometim ...\n\n# 10 Fashion Tips For Men Shoes\n\nThe following 10 fashion tips for men’s shoes will answer some of the nagging\nquestions you may have, but don&rsqu; ...\n\n# 5 Style Tips For Straight Boyish Figures\n\nFive style tips for straight boyish figures does not include padded shoulders\nor bulky sweaters. These are ploys easily ...\n\n# 5 Fashion Tips For Men\n\nBy keeping some basic guidelines in mind, you can learn about 5 great fashion\ntips for men. No matter what your age, goo ...\n\nLoad More\n\n# Leave A Comment\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201108115154/http://www.businessinsider.com/reddit-mens-biggest-fashion-mistakes-2014-12",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Reddit Men's Biggest Fashion Mistakes",
"passages": [
"In a recent thread on Reddit's male fashion subreddit, /r/malefashionadvice, men shared the worst misconceptions they had about fashion and style.",
"This could not be further from the truth. Boot cut is the most unflattering of all pant cuts for skinnier dudes. It won't make your legs look any bigger, but the flare in the bottom of the leg will make you look sloppier than a straight or skinny cut pant.",
"Shirts aren't supposed to be baggy. They're supposed to fit! A good rule of thumb is to get a shirt that fits as close to your body as you can while you retain free range of movement in your arms.",
"A common misconception is that dressing up is the equivalent to dressing better. In fact, the two are completely unrelated and a man in sharp casualwear will look better than a man in a sloppy suit every time.",
"Many \"prestigious\" mall brands are perceived as \"quality,\" while they actually sell completely overpriced poor-quality garments covered with gaudy branding. Labels like Abercrombie and Fitch and Armani Exchange are two of the biggest offenders.",
"Learning which brands to avoid and which brands are worth their price is a crucial step on the road to dressing better.",
"Most men are now aware that shorts are perfectly fine to wear in the warmer months, and even acceptable in some more casual office environments.",
"There is a wide variety of boots available, from brouged dress boots to vintage reproduction work books. There's a boot for every kind of man: not just black Dr. Martens and Timberlands.",
"Boat shoes are still a great choice for summer footwear, but they are far from the most fashionable shoe available.",
"Square-toed shoes haven't been acceptable for a while now, and men are urged to stay away from them. They are clunky, awkward, and distracting, with a completely unflattering profile.",
"While it can be a strategic style decision to make your shoes and shirt match, it is pretty much completely unnecessary.",
"In fact for most outfits, this would look pretty ridiculous. It can work well for some street style outfits based around specific kinds of sneakers, however, but maybe wait to try this look until you get your fashion sea legs.",
"Matching your belt and shoes is a good rule of thumb for the dressiest of occasions, but that's really the only time. It's not necessary for business suits or any level of dress lower than that.",
"Black shoes don't go with everything. For many colors of suits and other outfits, it would be very \"fashion forward\" to opt for black footwear.",
"Contrary to what you see news and sports anchors wearing on TV, pocket squares do not have to match your tie. In fact, they probably shouldn't.",
"If anything, your pocket square can match the color of your shirt, but even then it's not necessary. Feel free to branch out with your pocket square.",
"Actually, the most versatile color of suit is navy or charcoal. These are the first two colors men should buy suits in when they're starting to build their wardrobe.",
"Black suits are only suitable on occasions like weddings and funerals, and sometimes for the office. Use your black suit sparingly."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Reddit Men's Biggest Fashion Mistakes - Business Insider\n\nPresidential Results Senate Results House Results\n\n * BI Prime\n * Intelligence\n\nLog In\n\nSubscribe Subscribe\n\nAutomatically updates every 5 minutes.\n\nPresidential Results\n\n0Joe Biden Donald Trump0\n\n270 to win\n\nSenate Results\n\n0Dem Rep0\n\n51 to control\n\nHouse Results\n\n0Dem Rep0\n\n218 to control\n\nElection Live Results\n\nThe first polls close in\n\nPresidential Race\n\nSenate Race\n\nHouse Race\n\nHOMEPAGE Subscribe Subscribe\n\nHome Executive Lifestyle\n\n# 14 Big Fashion Mistakes That Men Make\n\nDennis Green\n\n2015-01-05T14:52:00Z\n\nOn every man's road to dressing better, there are quite a few things he learns\nabout style.\n\nIn a recent thread on Reddit's male fashion subreddit, /r/malefashionadvice,\nmen shared the worst misconceptions they had about fashion and style.\n\nKeep reading to make sure you don't make the same mistakes.\n\n## 1\\. \"Skinny guys should wear boot cut [pants] to make their legs look\nwider.\" -macadocious\n\nThis could not be further from the truth. Boot cut is the most unflattering of\nall pant cuts for skinnier dudes. It won't make your legs look any bigger, but\nthe flare in the bottom of the leg will make you look sloppier than a straight\nor skinny cut pant.\n\n##\n\nShutterstock.com\n\n## 2\\. \"Shirts were supposed to be baggy in the shoulders and chest.\"\n-utilitym0nster\n\nShirts aren't supposed to be baggy. They're supposed to fit! A good rule of\nthumb is to get a shirt that fits as close to your body as you can while you\nretain free range of movement in your arms.\n\nJaden Lam\n\n## 3\\. \"I thought that wearing the right clothes would automatically mean that\nI'd dress better.\" - Poizar\n\nA common misconception is that dressing up is the equivalent to dressing\nbetter. In fact, the two are completely unrelated and a man in sharp\ncasualwear will look better than a man in a sloppy suit every time.\n\nAdditionally, you should always be mindful to dress appropriately for the\nsituation at hand.\n\n## 4\\. \"I thought showing off you have money to buy \"high fashion\" mall brands\nmeant I was fashionable and looked good.\" -PSIKevin\n\nMany \"prestigious\" mall brands are perceived as \"quality,\" while they actually\nsell completely overpriced poor-quality garments covered with gaudy branding.\nLabels like Abercrombie and Fitch and Armani Exchange are two of the biggest\noffenders.\n\nLearning which brands to avoid and which brands are worth their price is a\ncrucial step on the road to dressing better.\n\nReuters\n\n## 5\\. \"Shorts are dumb and should only be worn by boys under the age of 12 or\nsportsmen.\" -themanifoldcuriosity\n\nMost men are now aware that shorts are perfectly fine to wear in the warmer\nmonths, and even acceptable in some more casual office environments.\n\nJust avoid the dreaded cargo short.\n\nVittorio Zunino Celotto/Getty Images\n\n## 6\\. \"Cargo shorts were cool because of everything you could fit in the\npockets.\" -Adjustify\n\nAgain, cargo shorts are generally looked upon today as extremely passé and\ndated. Avoid these at all costs.\n\nInstead, try a slim chino for a more modern look.\n\nFlickr/Seth Sawyers\n\n## 7\\. \"Only construction workers and goths wear boots.\" -GDDesu\n\nThere is a wide variety of boots available, from brouged dress boots to\nvintage reproduction work books. There's a boot for every kind of man: not\njust black Dr. Martens and Timberlands.\n\nFlickr/Eric Leo Kogan\n\n## 8\\. \"I thought boat shoes were the most fashionable shoes.\"\n-UnbiasedOnionRing\n\nBoat shoes are still a great choice for summer footwear, but they are far from\nthe most fashionable shoe available.\n\nFlickr/Malik Carter\n\n## 9\\. \"I thought square-toed shoes were cool.\" -TummyDrums\n\nSquare-toed shoes haven't been acceptable for a while now, and men are urged\nto stay away from them. They are clunky, awkward, and distracting, with a\ncompletely unflattering profile.\n\nStick with your classic wing tips.\n\nFlickr/gam48\n\n## 10\\. \"I used to color coordinate my shoes with my shirt to make sure they\nwere the same color.\" -Yeaga\n\nWhile it can be a strategic style decision to make your shoes and shirt match,\nit is pretty much completely unnecessary.\n\nIn fact for most outfits, this would look pretty ridiculous. It can work well\nfor some street style outfits based around specific kinds of sneakers,\nhowever, but maybe wait to try this look until you get your fashion sea legs.\n\nFlickr/artisticmac\n\n## 11\\. \"I always thought the belt had to match shoes no matter what you were\nwearing.\" -WhoopItIsThere\n\nMatching your belt and shoes is a good rule of thumb for the dressiest of\noccasions, but that's really the only time. It's not necessary for business\nsuits or any level of dress lower than that.\n\nFlickr/yourdon\n\n## 12\\. \"Black shoes went with everything.\" -KlausFenrir\n\nBlack shoes don't go with everything. For many colors of suits and other\noutfits, it would be very \"fashion forward\" to opt for black footwear.\n\nIf you want a shoe that goes with everything, buy a nice medium brown brogue.\n\nShutterstock\n\n## 13\\. \"Pocket squares have to match your tie.\" -vim_all_day\n\nContrary to what you see news and sports anchors wearing on TV, pocket squares\ndo not have to match your tie. In fact, they probably shouldn't.\n\nIf anything, your pocket square can match the color of your shirt, but even\nthen it's not necessary. Feel free to branch out with your pocket square.\n\nBusiness Insider / Matt Johnston\n\n## 14\\. \"I believed black suits to be the most versatile and best color of\nsuit to buy.\" -Rerrgon\n\nActually, the most versatile color of suit is navy or charcoal. These are the\nfirst two colors men should buy suits in when they're starting to build their\nwardrobe.\n\nBlack suits are only suitable on occasions like weddings and funerals, and\nsometimes for the office. Use your black suit sparingly.\n\nWinston DeLoney/ Flickr\n\nNewsletter\n\nA roundup of uplifting stories about everyday heroes. Sign up for Insider\nLife.\n\n### SEE ALSO: 10 Things Guys Think About Suits That Are Totally Wrong\n\n### DON'T FORGET: Follow Business Insider's The Life on Facebook!\n\nMore: Fashion Reddit Male Fashion Style\n\nFollow us on:\n\nAlso check out:\n\n* Copyright © 2020 Insider Inc. All rights reserved. Registration on or use of this site constitutes acceptance of our\n\n * Terms of Service , Privacy Policy and Cookies Policy .\n\n * Sitemap\n * Disclaimer\n * Commerce Policy\n * CA Privacy Rights\n * Coupons\n * Made in NYC\n * Jobs\n\n * Stock quotes by finanzen.net\n * Reprints & Permissions\n\nInternational Editions:\n\n * United States US\n * International INTL\n * Australia AUS\n * Deutschland DE\n * España ES\n * France FR\n * India IN\n * Italy IT\n * Japan JP\n * México MX\n * Netherlands NL\n * Nordic SE\n * Polska PL\n * South Africa ZA\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210425060833/https://www.gorgeautiful.com/fashion-tips-and-style-if-you-are-a-skinny-girl-part-1/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Fashion Tips and Style for Skinny Girls",
"passages": [
"Some people mostly in fashion industry likely to claim that being skinny is better than having too curvy silhouette, as they create such image that many girls nowadays dream about having a skinny and tall figure as the supermodels on runway. On the other hand, fashion stylists also say that even though many trends look great on skinny figures there are still some key items every skinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.",
"Truly that most women are never satisfied when looking in the mirror that they can spend so much time in thinking about the attire to dress up in. Whether they were naturally born too tall, too short, too fat, or too skinny, lists of “how to wear” and “what to wear” can go on till forever. And although there are many practical advices for other body types, we cannot find so many useful fashion tips for skinny figure.",
"So, take a look at some fashion tips for skinny girls to achieve a gorgeous result when looking in the mirror.",
"Dresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls, straight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes",
"The Right Cut Focusing on how to create curves and volume is the main goal for skinny girls when fashioning their attires. You need to create curves where you want them, or to add a balanced weight to the entire look. Here, you can dare to wear very tight close cuts or longer, a slight hugging dress, or bigger cuts to make you look wider. Nowadays, there are a number of designs that specialize in creating perfect slim size cuts with feminine curves places exactly where they are desirable.",
"Sleeves and Necklines for skinny women Dresses and tops with volume on shoulder and hips are great for thin women to create the illusion of curves between waist, bust and hips. You can add curves with an empire-waist dress, peplum style dresses and tops, or you can make fuller silhouette with shift dresses or baby-doll style clothes, although sometimes baby-dolls can also create a visual shorter look.",
"Sleeves: If you want to hide your scrawny arms, opt for shirts with volume sleeve to create wider look and to balance your silhouette. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some additional shape, while long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin upper arms.",
"Draw attention away from the upper half of your body by investing in bright shoes, trousers or skirts, and hide your arm by pairing a long-sleeve top with a bomber jacket or waterfall blazer. Tucking in shirts can also make your hips look wider which will make your legs look better too.",
"Busts: To fill out the bust area, opt for shirts or dresses that feature heavy prints and colors, as well as details like pleats, ruffles, twists, knots, or ruching at the bodice. If you have a flat bust, opt for a dress with sequins, jewels, or a bow near the collar area to help out your bust. Draping at the neckline can be a very flattering style for small-busted figures, so avoid very deep cleavage such as V-neckline and play fairly with the chest. You may as well wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines or play with collar that is high and chunky including the turtle neck, high cowl-neck, or mandarin collars.",
"Layering is also a great way to create dimension around the bust area. Abuse chunky clothes and play with all details, layers, prints, and colors accordingly. But don’t exaggerate. The goal is to add volume with balance, not to attract people attention with something tacky!",
"Trousers and skirts best to wear for skinny women As for trousers or pants, a low rise is ideal for creating curvy silhouette. Trousers like boot-cuts or flared pants make your bottoms round and can give your body extra shape and dimension. Make sure you go for the ones that are a bit of flair at the bottom – tight-fitting but flare out at the ankles at least from the knees down. Opt for trousers that are well fitted and notice that wearing palazzo or extra wide-leg pants sometimes just make your legs look lost",
"Not that the skinnies look bad for skinny women, but super snug like jegging jeans or extra-fitted pants are not really meant for this kind of body type, as they can just end up making you look skinnier. Better to choose a slim straight or a cigarette pant instead. But, obviously you can still pull off those fabulous skinnies by abusing bolder prints and colors to give a little more presence to your legs.",
"Where skirts are concerned, as well as the dresses, try clothes that are round from your waist down. Asymmetrical, tube or pencil skirts – short or long – that tapers at the knee is a good bet to give a visual extra pounds on your hips. While midi skirts with the hem that stops at the shapeliest part of you calf are also the best bet for skinny women. Play with belts, coats, pleats, tights, etc. to maximize the appearance you want to achieve.",
"If you wish for a mini, pieces like bubble skirts, flare skirts, and A-line skirts can also be a good option, just make it about four inches above your knee and allow the skirt to be well fitting, not a free size one. When choosing shorts, go for the shorter ones, the well fitted – not too loose and not too tight – short shorts around the hips. Avoid very wide leg shorts as they make your legs look like a pair of sticks or the very tight ones that will only make your body looks even skinnier. However, sometimes skinny women like to sport any kind of shorts and draw the attention away from the lower part of the body by adding striking and full details on the tops, which can be pleats, prints, appliques, bold colors, layers, etc.",
"If you are a thin, petite figure, avoid those super-maxis, oversized skirts or trousers as they will only make you look even shorter and smaller. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame. Maxi-skirts with the right size and height are actually great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.",
"Continue this article to “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 2)” for knowing other tips on how and what to wear best suited for skinny women.",
"Meanwhile, take a look at some inspirations from street fashion, campaigns and celebrities who best known with their thin, slender figure, who are always well put together and really make the most of their figures.",
"Ideas of pants, dress, and swimwear for skinny girls. Abuse colors and prints to achieve those volume and curves, as well as your youthful, teens-spirit",
"She brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one- on-one session with her beloved clients.",
"April 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun ---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 1| 2| 3| 4 5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 26| 27| 28| 29| 30"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Fashion Tips and Style for Skinny Girls - Gorgeous & Beautiful\n\nGorgeous & BeautifulEasy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas.\n\nShopping Cart 0 items - $0.00 0\n\n# Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl (Part 1)\n\n### Address\n\n143 W Street Name, New York, NY 10014\n\nPhone: +1(800)123-4588\n\nEmail: info@yoursite.com\n\n### Follow Me\n\nFashion Tips May 30, 2013 0Comments\n\nSome people mostly in fashion industry likely to claim that being skinny is\nbetter than having too curvy silhouette, as they create such image that many\ngirls nowadays dream about having a skinny and tall figure as the supermodels\non runway. On the other hand, fashion stylists also say that even though many\ntrends look great on skinny figures there are still some key items every\nskinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\n\nTruly that most women are never satisfied when looking in the mirror that they\ncan spend so much time in thinking about the attire to dress up in. Whether\nthey were naturally born too tall, too short, too fat, or too skinny, lists of\n“how to wear” and “what to wear” can go on till forever. And although there\nare many practical advices for other body types, we cannot find so many useful\nfashion tips for skinny figure.\n\nSo, take a look at some fashion tips for skinny girls to achieve a gorgeous\nresult when looking in the mirror.\n\nDresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls,\nstraight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\n\nThe Right Cut Focusing on how to create curves and volume is the main goal for\nskinny girls when fashioning their attires. You need to create curves where\nyou want them, or to add a balanced weight to the entire look. Here, you can\ndare to wear very tight close cuts or longer, a slight hugging dress, or\nbigger cuts to make you look wider. Nowadays, there are a number of designs\nthat specialize in creating perfect slim size cuts with feminine curves places\nexactly where they are desirable.\n\nSleeves and Necklines for skinny women Dresses and tops with volume on\nshoulder and hips are great for thin women to create the illusion of curves\nbetween waist, bust and hips. You can add curves with an empire-waist dress,\npeplum style dresses and tops, or you can make fuller silhouette with shift\ndresses or baby-doll style clothes, although sometimes baby-dolls can also\ncreate a visual shorter look.\n\nDesigns of sleeves, either for tops or dresses, for skinny women\n\nSleeves: If you want to hide your scrawny arms, opt for shirts with volume\nsleeve to create wider look and to balance your silhouette. Batwing sleeves\nare also great for adding some additional shape, while long sleeve tops are\ngreat for disguising thin upper arms.\n\nDraw attention away from the upper half of your body by investing in bright\nshoes, trousers or skirts, and hide your arm by pairing a long-sleeve top with\na bomber jacket or waterfall blazer. Tucking in shirts can also make your hips\nlook wider which will make your legs look better too.\n\nPlay with colors, prints, ruffles, layers, and other elements for adding\nvolumes\n\nBusts: To fill out the bust area, opt for shirts or dresses that feature heavy\nprints and colors, as well as details like pleats, ruffles, twists, knots, or\nruching at the bodice. If you have a flat bust, opt for a dress with sequins,\njewels, or a bow near the collar area to help out your bust. Draping at the\nneckline can be a very flattering style for small-busted figures, so avoid\nvery deep cleavage such as V-neckline and play fairly with the chest. You may\nas well wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines or play with collar that\nis high and chunky including the turtle neck, high cowl-neck, or mandarin\ncollars.\n\nLayering is also a great way to create dimension around the bust area. Abuse\nchunky clothes and play with all details, layers, prints, and colors\naccordingly. But don’t exaggerate. The goal is to add volume with balance, not\nto attract people attention with something tacky!\n\nSkinny jeans, bootcuts, slim-cut trousers and cigarette pants best suited for\nskinny legged women\n\nTrousers and skirts best to wear for skinny women As for trousers or pants, a\nlow rise is ideal for creating curvy silhouette. Trousers like boot-cuts or\nflared pants make your bottoms round and can give your body extra shape and\ndimension. Make sure you go for the ones that are a bit of flair at the bottom\n– tight-fitting but flare out at the ankles at least from the knees down. Opt\nfor trousers that are well fitted and notice that wearing palazzo or extra\nwide-leg pants sometimes just make your legs look lost\n\nNot that the skinnies look bad for skinny women, but super snug like jegging\njeans or extra-fitted pants are not really meant for this kind of body type,\nas they can just end up making you look skinnier. Better to choose a slim\nstraight or a cigarette pant instead. But, obviously you can still pull off\nthose fabulous skinnies by abusing bolder prints and colors to give a little\nmore presence to your legs.\n\nA-line skirt, pencil skirt, and mini skirt best suited for skinny women\n\nWhere skirts are concerned, as well as the dresses, try clothes that are round\nfrom your waist down. Asymmetrical, tube or pencil skirts – short or long –\nthat tapers at the knee is a good bet to give a visual extra pounds on your\nhips. While midi skirts with the hem that stops at the shapeliest part of you\ncalf are also the best bet for skinny women. Play with belts, coats, pleats,\ntights, etc. to maximize the appearance you want to achieve.\n\nOutfits with shorts best fashioned for skinny women\n\nIf you wish for a mini, pieces like bubble skirts, flare skirts, and A-line\nskirts can also be a good option, just make it about four inches above your\nknee and allow the skirt to be well fitting, not a free size one. When\nchoosing shorts, go for the shorter ones, the well fitted – not too loose and\nnot too tight – short shorts around the hips. Avoid very wide leg shorts as\nthey make your legs look like a pair of sticks or the very tight ones that\nwill only make your body looks even skinnier. However, sometimes skinny women\nlike to sport any kind of shorts and draw the attention away from the lower\npart of the body by adding striking and full details on the tops, which can be\npleats, prints, appliques, bold colors, layers, etc.\n\nIf you are a thin, petite figure, avoid those super-maxis, oversized skirts or\ntrousers as they will only make you look even shorter and smaller. A lot of\nwomen use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin\nside, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the\nclothing tends to swamp your frame. Maxi-skirts with the right size and height\nare actually great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but\nagain remember to avoid anything too baggy.\n\nContinue this article to “Fashion Tips and Style If You are a Skinny Girl\n(Part 2)” for knowing other tips on how and what to wear best suited for\nskinny women.\n\nMeanwhile, take a look at some inspirations from street fashion, campaigns and\ncelebrities who best known with their thin, slender figure, who are always\nwell put together and really make the most of their figures.\n\nswimwear for skinny girls\n\nIdeas of pants, dress, and swimwear for skinny girls. Abuse colors and prints\nto achieve those volume and curves, as well as your youthful, teens-spirit\n\njeans for skinny girls\n\nAlexa Chung, known with her quirky, yet extremely cute and chic style, perfect\nfor those with skinny frame\n\nKeira Knightley with her “too” skinny shape, but still always looks good and\ngorgeous with dresses and skirts\n\nTags: fashion tips for skinny girlsSkinny Girlskinny women\n\n### Leave a comment Cancel reply\n\n##### About Me\n\nShe brings humor, gentle honesty and an impeccable eye for style to each one-\non-one session with her beloved clients.\n\n##### Categories\n\n * Accessories\n\n * Bags\n * Eyewear\n * Jewelries\n * Scarves\n * Shoes\n * Tights and Socks\n * Beauty Tips\n\n * Beauty Collection\n * Hairstyles\n * Fashion Tips\n\n * How To Wear\n * Petite Fashion\n * Plus Size\n * Get the Look\n\n * Street Fashion\n * LookBook\n\n * Campaigns\n * Runways\n\n * London\n * Milan\n * New York\n * Paris\n * Shopping Tips\n * Trend\n\n * Lingerie\n * Style\n * Swimwear\n * Wedding\n\n##### Calendar\n\nApril 2021Mon| Tue| Wed| Thu| Fri| Sat| Sun \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n1| 2| 3| 4 \n5| 6| 7| 8| 9| 10| 11 \n12| 13| 14| 15| 16| 17| 18 \n19| 20| 21| 22| 23| 24| 25 \n26| 27| 28| 29| 30 \n \n##### Recent Posts\n\n###### Cocktail Dresses for Party : Easy Fashion Tips, Styles and Ideas\n\n###### What to Wear to Spring Wedding – Transitional Weather Fashion Tips\n\n###### How to Wear A Little (Black, White, Red) Dress – Simple and Easy\n\n## Address\n\n143 W Street Name, NY 10014 +1 (800) 123-4588\n\n## Menu\n\n * About\n * Services\n * Blog\n * Contacts\n\n## Follow Me\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n\n## Newsletter\n\nGorgeautiful © 2012 All rights reserved. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201112041830/https://attireclub.org/2013/09/20/fashion-tips-for-thin-men-can-you-change-your-body-type-b/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B) – Attire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme",
"passages": [
"We all try to look our best and often style advisers tell people to dress for their body type. But how do you know which boy type you have and what type of clothes go with each of the main body type?",
"In this guide, we are focusing on men who are lean and rather thin and offer a series of practical advice you can put into practice the next time you are creating an outfit.",
"Let’s start with understanding the three major body types. As you might know, there are three major body types: ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph. Of course, there are tons of variations in between, and probably most men are actually in between. Some guys have a certain part bigger and certain part smaller etc.",
"We did some research because we wanted to find out if you can actually change your body type and found out that it’s not the body type that you can change, it’s something called the “body composition”. Meaning that your body type is basically what you look like if you don’t work out or have a conscious lifestyle. But, if you are an endomorph trying to look like a mesomorph or an ectomorph, you can achieve it by adjusting your workout and diet. It applies to all guys. For example, cardio is a very recommended workout, but for ectomorphs it will actually result in muscle loss. So it’s best to know your body type, do great research (we will also feature some tips on what activities are best for your body type in the coming articles) and you will look like in a different way, if that is what you wish!",
"In the mean time, we know that many thin men feel out of place, since skinny guys are not taken very seriously in our culture. Some women are crazy about them, others seem to be envious that the dude is thinner than they are and some people really don’t care.",
"We have put together a list of fashion and style tips thin men can use in order to look their best!",
"d) If your outfit has a single color, it will emphasize the fact that you are very slim. Wearing different hues or colors will definitely make the outfit more interesting",
"a) Whatever you do, make sure your clothes fit your frame! Many thin men try to appear bigger by wearing bulky clothes. Trust us, you will look great in fitted clothes",
"Jim Parsons looking great at the SAG awards. Notice how a well-fitting suit makes a man with a thin frame look great!",
"b) Try to be proportionate. Thin men can pull off shoulder pads quite well, but make sure they are not too big, or else you risk to look disproportionate",
"c) Casual jackets (not dress jackets or blazers) should hit you at the hip. It’s best if you wish to look balanced",
"d) Make sure your accessories (belt, tie, watch) are not too big. They need to be proportionate to your body! It’s really bad if your belt needs to go a few times around your waist",
"a) When it comes to shirts, slim fit shirts are a good friend. Sometimes normal-cut shirts are also great, it depends on your actual size. Remember: slim-fit, not skinny-fit",
"b) Wear flat-front pants. Wearing pants with pleats will give a lot of volume when you sit and will look out of place",
"c) If you are really thin, avoid skinny jeans or tapered pants. Instead, go for straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans",
"d) Thin men are some of the few guys on Earth who can wear a turtle neck and look good. V-necks are not recommended if you are too thin: they will make you look even thinner",
"f) When it comes to shoes, if you are thin and tall, don’t wear round-toed shoes. They will make you appear disproportioned. Instead, you can buy pointed or square-toed shoes to balance your silhouette",
"These tips are meant to make you look proportionate and feel good in your body! You can use these tips and see what works for you! Remember, some things might not work for you, maybe you are an in-between body type, but understanding these general guidelines will definitely make you look better. And, as we always say, when you look good, you feel good!",
"P.S. What issues do you face with your body type? What are your tips for slim body types? Share your feedback, questions or thoughts in the comments below! For more articles on style, fashion tips and cultural insights, don’t forget to subscribe to Attire Club via e-mail or follow us on Facebook or Twitter!",
"Tags beauty, body type, clothes, ectomorph, endomorph, fashion, fit, men, men`s fashion, mesomorph, shoulder pads, style, thin men, visual aesthetic",
"Thank you! I must keep in mind these pieces of advice. 🙂 I’m also looking for office outfits suggestions. 🙂",
"You can make a search on our looking for keywords such as “business casual”, “suits” or other interests you might have. For example, in the “How to create a versatile wardrobe (published Oct 29th)”, you can see a lot of suggestion and how to dress up or down a work suit.",
"these tips are amazing but do u have any tips for this summer because its going to be a hot one and when i wear short or something like that i get the idea that my legs ar just like chicken drop sticks 🙁",
"To answer your question, there are a few things you can do if you want your legs to appear less skinny.",
"First of all, you should always make sure that you are wearing clothes that fit you. Don’t wear bigger pants, you won’t look bigger and don’t wear smaller ones so that your legs appear bigger in them, you will look strangled and you won’t fool anyone.",
"1. Putting on a pair of pants that fits just right is the first step. Go with a pair that ends just at the half of your knee for a safe bet.",
"2. A second thing you can do is add a belt. Belts are great ways to frame your body. Wearing a belt will add structure to your appearance and will determine where your legs end. Setting these limits will make you look bigger.",
"3. Thirdly, you can wear socks, but make sure you follow a few rules! First of all, don’t wear knee-high socks, you’re not a scout in the 1960s, secondly make sure you pull them up right. Don’t wear socks with your sandals though! Take a look at this picture for example: http://style.mtv.com/wp- content/uploads/2011/09/time-weiland-men.jpg",
"4. Wear cuffed pants. Even if you are wearing shorts, they can have cuffs (as do the ones in the picture). These will, again, add structure to your look.",
"Don’t worry so much about your legs being thin, a lot of guys have them. Now you are in advantage because you know that structure is what will make them look better! You also know now how to achieve structure. You can use some or all of these elements: belt, socks, cuffs, fit.",
"As a tip, stay away from wearing suspenders or other vertical stripes. These will mimic your legs and emphasize their thinness. Instead, go for belts and solid colors, or big patterns!",
"I really laughed because i made all types of mistakes dressing up my body type, but I am also proud to have come at the same conclusions.",
"Thank you very much for the appreciation and the feedback! We are constantly working on improving our posts, so your comment is most welcome!",
"I am 23, normal skin, 6,1 and thin(However, i have good looks). Please suggest me the best outfit I can wear on my birthday. Your tips are extremely helpful and will surely implement it.",
"If you have knock knees, you should wear pants that have a bit of a flair. This way, you are not held too tightly by the pants and the knock knee is not that visible. Here’s a good example: http://www.1sewingpatterns.com/images0/8466bbur.jpg.",
"A relaxed cut, a straight cut or a boot cut jean would work best for you (as cataloged in the article).",
"Our advice is to make sure you feel comfortable in whatever you wear. If you stress too much about style over comfort, it will be visible, so make sure you opt for something you like stylewise and in which you feel comfortable.",
"hello thanks for the article it’s really helpful!! My BIGGEST Nightmare,is the white dress shirt i am very Thin Skinny Guy with kind of hourglass bodytype ,so how can i wear the white dress shirt and looking normal what should i do ?????",
"The main tip we can give you is that your shirt should fit your body frame well, regardless of what this is. You can go for a bigger size and have it tailored.",
"Also, make sure your shirt is tucked in your pants at your waist – some men make the mistake of pulling their pants to high up. Also,wearing a belt and matching shoes will make you more proportionate and structured, which is what you are going for.",
"Bringing you Attire Club for free takes hundreds of hours each month. If you find useful information and stimulation here, we would appreciate a donation of your choosing that will allow us to continue to expand and enhance our concept.",
"Privacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website, you agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies, see here: Cookie Policy"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B) – Attire Club\nby Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nSkip to the content\n\nAttire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nThe complete men's style, fashion and lifestyle experience\n\nCategories\n\nBasic Style Guides Fashion Advice\n\n# Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B)\n\n * Post author By AttireClub\n * Post date September 20, 2013\n * 18 Comments on Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?} (B)\n\nWe all try to look our best and often style advisers tell people to dress for\ntheir body type. But how do you know which boy type you have and what type of\nclothes go with each of the main body type?\n\nIn this guide, we are focusing on men who are lean and rather thin and offer a\nseries of practical advice you can put into practice the next time you are\ncreating an outfit.\n\n# The 3 body types\n\nLet’s start with understanding the three major body types. As you might know,\nthere are three major body types: ectomorph, mesomorph and endomorph. Of\ncourse, there are tons of variations in between, and probably most men are\nactually in between. Some guys have a certain part bigger and certain part\nsmaller etc.\n\nThe three body types\n\n# Can you change your body type?\n\nWe did some research because we wanted to find out if you can actually change\nyour body type and found out that it’s not the body type that you can change,\nit’s something called the “body composition”. Meaning that your body type is\nbasically what you look like if you don’t work out or have a conscious\nlifestyle. But, if you are an endomorph trying to look like a mesomorph or an\nectomorph, you can achieve it by adjusting your workout and diet. It applies\nto all guys. For example, cardio is a very recommended workout, but for\nectomorphs it will actually result in muscle loss. So it’s best to know your\nbody type, do great research (we will also feature some tips on what\nactivities are best for your body type in the coming articles) and you will\nlook like in a different way, if that is what you wish!\n\nIn the mean time, we know that many thin men feel out of place, since skinny\nguys are not taken very seriously in our culture. Some women are crazy about\nthem, others seem to be envious that the dude is thinner than they are and\nsome people really don’t care.\n\n# Style tips\n\nWe have put together a list of fashion and style tips thin men can use in\norder to look their best!\n\nHere they are:\n\nJoseph Gordon-Levitt is a poster-guy for skinny men who dress well\n\n## Colors\n\na) Light colors make you look bigger, darker colors make you look smaller\n\nb) Vertical stripes make guys appear bigger\n\nc) Midsize patterns are best for thin guys. Big patterns are not that\nrecommended\n\nd) If your outfit has a single color, it will emphasize the fact that you are\nvery slim. Wearing different hues or colors will definitely make the outfit\nmore interesting\n\n## Fit\n\na) Whatever you do, make sure your clothes fit your frame! Many thin men try\nto appear bigger by wearing bulky clothes. Trust us, you will look great in\nfitted clothes\n\nJim Parsons looking great at the SAG awards. Notice how a well-fitting suit\nmakes a man with a thin frame look great!\n\nb) Try to be proportionate. Thin men can pull off shoulder pads quite well,\nbut make sure they are not too big, or else you risk to look disproportionate\n\nc) Casual jackets (not dress jackets or blazers) should hit you at the hip.\nIt’s best if you wish to look balanced\n\nd) Make sure your accessories (belt, tie, watch) are not too big. They need to\nbe proportionate to your body! It’s really bad if your belt needs to go a few\ntimes around your waist\n\ne) If you can’t find clothes that fit, get them in a bigger size and have them\ntailored down\n\n## Cut\n\na) When it comes to shirts, slim fit shirts are a good friend. Sometimes\nnormal-cut shirts are also great, it depends on your actual size. Remember:\nslim-fit, not skinny-fit\n\nb) Wear flat-front pants. Wearing pants with pleats will give a lot of volume\nwhen you sit and will look out of place\n\nc) If you are really thin, avoid skinny jeans or tapered pants. Instead, go\nfor straight-leg or boot-cut trousers and jeans\n\nd) Thin men are some of the few guys on Earth who can wear a turtle neck and\nlook good. V-necks are not recommended if you are too thin: they will make you\nlook even thinner\n\ne) Double-breasted jackets are a great way of adding a layer of confidence\n\nf) When it comes to shoes, if you are thin and tall, don’t wear round-toed\nshoes. They will make you appear disproportioned. Instead, you can buy pointed\nor square-toed shoes to balance your silhouette\n\ng) Dress jackets should end just below your butt. Not longer, not shorter\n\nThese tips are meant to make you look proportionate and feel good in your\nbody! You can use these tips and see what works for you! Remember, some things\nmight not work for you, maybe you are an in-between body type, but\nunderstanding these general guidelines will definitely make you look better.\nAnd, as we always say, when you look good, you feel good!\n\nFraquoh and Franchomme\n\nP.S. What issues do you face with your body type? What are your tips for slim\nbody types? Share your feedback, questions or thoughts in the comments below!\nFor more articles on style, fashion tips and cultural insights, don’t forget\nto subscribe to Attire Club via e-mail or follow us on Facebook or Twitter!\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pocket (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Tumblr (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Skype (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Telegram (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\n * Click to email this to a friend (Opens in new window)\n\n### Related\n\n * Tags beauty, body type, clothes, ectomorph, endomorph, fashion, fit, men, men`s fashion, mesomorph, shoulder pads, style, thin men, visual aesthetic\n\n## 18 replies on “Fashion Tips For Thin Men {+Can you change your body type?}\n(B)”\n\nBoldNTrendysays:\n\nSeptember 30, 2013 at 11:27 am\n\nReblogged this on BOLD AND TRENDY.\n\nReply\n\nSkinny :(says:\n\nOctober 29, 2013 at 10:10 am\n\nThank you! I must keep in mind these pieces of advice. 🙂 I’m also looking for\noffice outfits suggestions. 🙂\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nOctober 29, 2013 at 10:19 am\n\nHello!\n\nYou can make a search on our looking for keywords such as “business casual”,\n“suits” or other interests you might have. For example, in the “How to create\na versatile wardrobe (published Oct 29th)”, you can see a lot of suggestion\nand how to dress up or down a work suit.\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nharshsays:\n\nMarch 20, 2014 at 11:15 am\n\nit is very helpull....\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nMarch 20, 2014 at 11:16 am\n\nWe are glad you enjoyed it!\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nsjorsoossays:\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 11:19 am\n\nthese tips are amazing but do u have any tips for this summer because its\ngoing to be a hot one and when i wear short or something like that i get the\nidea that my legs ar just like chicken drop sticks 🙁\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 11:51 am\n\nHello! Thank you for the comment. We are glad you liked the tips!\n\nTo answer your question, there are a few things you can do if you want your\nlegs to appear less skinny.\n\nFirst of all, you should always make sure that you are wearing clothes that\nfit you. Don’t wear bigger pants, you won’t look bigger and don’t wear smaller\nones so that your legs appear bigger in them, you will look strangled and you\nwon’t fool anyone.\n\n1\\. Putting on a pair of pants that fits just right is the first step. Go with\na pair that ends just at the half of your knee for a safe bet.\n\n2\\. A second thing you can do is add a belt. Belts are great ways to frame\nyour body. Wearing a belt will add structure to your appearance and will\ndetermine where your legs end. Setting these limits will make you look bigger.\n\n3\\. Thirdly, you can wear socks, but make sure you follow a few rules! First\nof all, don’t wear knee-high socks, you’re not a scout in the 1960s, secondly\nmake sure you pull them up right. Don’t wear socks with your sandals though!\nTake a look at this picture for example: http://style.mtv.com/wp-\ncontent/uploads/2011/09/time-weiland-men.jpg\n\n4\\. Wear cuffed pants. Even if you are wearing shorts, they can have cuffs (as\ndo the ones in the picture). These will, again, add structure to your look.\n\nDon’t worry so much about your legs being thin, a lot of guys have them. Now\nyou are in advantage because you know that structure is what will make them\nlook better! You also know now how to achieve structure. You can use some or\nall of these elements: belt, socks, cuffs, fit.\n\nAs a tip, stay away from wearing suspenders or other vertical stripes. These\nwill mimic your legs and emphasize their thinness. Instead, go for belts and\nsolid colors, or big patterns!\n\nLet us know if you have any other questions, we’re always glad to help!\n\nHave a great summer!\n\nBest wishes,\n\nF&F\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nBougieHippiesays:\n\nJuly 23, 2014 at 3:46 pm\n\nAwesome tips. Now to get thin so I can use these tips.lol\n\nReply\n\nPetesays:\n\nOctober 13, 2014 at 1:09 pm\n\nI really laughed because i made all types of mistakes dressing up my body\ntype, but I am also proud to have come at the same conclusions.\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nOctober 13, 2014 at 1:10 pm\n\nWe’re glad to hear you improved your style!Great job, Pete, you’re making us\nproud!\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nAlansays:\n\nNovember 15, 2014 at 9:13 pm\n\nI think your blog would be even better if you put more pictures. Just saying.\nNice post btw!\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nNovember 15, 2014 at 10:10 pm\n\nHi Alan,\n\nThank you very much for the appreciation and the feedback! We are constantly\nworking on improving our posts, so your comment is most welcome!\n\nF&F\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nSiddharthsays:\n\nOctober 20, 2015 at 3:26 pm\n\nI am 23, normal skin, 6,1 and thin(However, i have good looks). Please suggest\nme the best outfit I can wear on my birthday. Your tips are extremely helpful\nand will surely implement it.\n\nReply\n\ndabirsays:\n\nJanuary 31, 2016 at 11:17 am\n\nI need tips about trousers for thin men with knock knees\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nFebruary 1, 2016 at 4:44 pm\n\nDear Dabir,\n\nThank you for the question.\n\nIf you have knock knees, you should wear pants that have a bit of a flair.\nThis way, you are not held too tightly by the pants and the knock knee is not\nthat visible. Here’s a good example:\nhttp://www.1sewingpatterns.com/images0/8466bbur.jpg.\n\nFor more on pants, take a look at these articles: The Different Types of Jeans\nCuts:\n\nA relaxed cut, a straight cut or a boot cut jean would work best for you (as\ncataloged in the article).\n\nThe Guide to Casual Pants:\n\nhttp://attireclub.org/2014/12/13/casual-pants/\n\nStyle Checklist: What to Look for When Buying Pants\n\nhttp://attireclub.org/2014/06/08/how-to-buy-pants/\n\nOur advice is to make sure you feel comfortable in whatever you wear. If you\nstress too much about style over comfort, it will be visible, so make sure you\nopt for something you like stylewise and in which you feel comfortable.\n\nLet us know if you have any other questions!\n\nYours,\n\nF&F\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\nOthmansays:\n\nApril 27, 2016 at 1:27 pm\n\nhello thanks for the article it’s really helpful!! My BIGGEST Nightmare,is the\nwhite dress shirt i am very Thin Skinny Guy with kind of hourglass bodytype\n,so how can i wear the white dress shirt and looking normal what should i do\n?????\n\nReply\n\nAttire Clubsays:\n\nApril 27, 2016 at 1:52 pm\n\nDear Othman,\n\nThank you for the question. It’s hard to give advice without actually knowing\nwhat you look like.\n\nThe main tip we can give you is that your shirt should fit your body frame\nwell, regardless of what this is. You can go for a bigger size and have it\ntailored.\n\nYou cal also go for shirts that are tapered and see how it looks.\n\nA slim fit shirt in a medium size could also work, but it’s hard to tell from\na description!\n\nAlso, make sure your shirt is tucked in your pants at your waist – some men\nmake the mistake of pulling their pants to high up. Also,wearing a belt and\nmatching shoes will make you more proportionate and structured, which is what\nyou are going for.\n\nReplyBy Post Author\n\n### Your Comment and Input Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n## SEARCH\n\n## ARCHIVES\n\n## INSIDE ATTIRE CLUB\n\n * GIFTS\n * New on AC\n * Style Guides\n * InCompany by Attire Club\n\n * Issue 12\n * Issue 13\n * Issue 14\n * Issue 15\n * Issue 16\n * Issue 17\n * Issue 18\n * Concept Store\n * Free E-Book\n * About Us\n * Consulting Services\n * Collaborators & Clients\n * Contact\n\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * AC Privacy Policy\n * InCompany by Attire Club Issue 18\n\n## Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * VK\n * Tumblr\n * Flickr\n * YouTube\n\n## DONATING = LOVING\n\nBringing you Attire Club for free takes hundreds of hours each month. If you\nfind useful information and stimulation here, we would appreciate a donation\nof your choosing that will allow us to continue to expand and enhance our\nconcept.\n\n## Our Websites\n\nOur Websites & Ventures:\n\nAttire Club InCompany by Attire Club Liev Arts Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nPrivacy & Cookies: This site uses cookies. By continuing to use this website,\nyou agree to their use. To find out more, including how to control cookies,\nsee here: Cookie Policy\n\n© 2020 Attire Club by Fraquoh and Franchomme\n\nPowered by WordPress\n\nTo the top ↑ Up ↑\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418212240/http://livingfit.co/fashion-tips-for-skinny-girls/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls",
"passages": [
"If you’re naturally slender it can be harder than you think to know which styles and clothes will best suit your shape. While many trends look great on slim figures there are some key items every skinny woman should invest in and some fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.",
"To find out more about how to dress if you’re thin, we spoke to leading fashion expert and TV host Nicky Hambleton-Jones to find out her styling secrets for slim line women, from adding curves in all the right places, to making the most of your slim shape it’s all right here...",
"You can add curves to your frame with peplum style dresses and tops. Bootleg jeans and pants are great on skinny women too as they give the body extra shape and dimension. Alternatively skinny jeans will obviously look fabulous.",
"Dresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls, straight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes",
"Wear horizontal stripes on the top half to give your body some added curves. Avoid wearing a lot of black as this can make you look slimmer than you are. Clothing with structure and a peplum top or dress can help give the illusion of a fuller figure. Wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines. A little ruffle can do wonders for a flat chest.",
"Fabrics with some structure are great for creating the illusion of curve, but you don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. If you want to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics are great but if you want to add curve to your frame then avoid them and go for something thicker like wool.",
"Belts should become your new best friend! Both thick and skinny belts paired over a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your tiny waist.",
"Thanks to Coco Chanel Breton stripes will never go out of fashion and they’re perfect for creating curves. Long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin upper arms, and boot cut pants are the perfect alternative to skinny jeans.",
"Look for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the illusion of a fuller cup size and if you have a fuller bust look for supportive halter-neck tops. Again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion of a fuller bust.",
"If you’re very slim and want to look more curvaceous then avoid clingy clothing, wearing lots of black in one go and don’t wear overly baggy clothing. Moreover, women with lean figure should avoid sleeveless tops as the appearance of shoulders are more thin. Go for 3⁄4 length or long sleeves.",
"Layering is a great way to give the illusion of curves, layer tops and accessorize with chunky scarves. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means to hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually accentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame.",
"Wearing long sleeves coupled with a waterfall blazer or jacket will draw attention away from the upper half of your body, especially when teamed with some bright shoes or pants. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some additional shape.",
"In the summer maxi-skirts are great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the same time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.",
"Skinny girls should prefer lower heels and Dark colored boots. Boots are generally long and they will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. At the same time, be sure that you avoid heavy shoes. Heavy shoes will make your legs look even thinner. Instead, wear the shoes which are light weight. The color will add weight to your legs and draw attention away from bony knees.",
"If you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then take a look at Keira Knightley, Miranda Kerr and Emma Stone- these slender celebrities are always well put together and really make the most of their figures.",
"Keep in mind, nobody is perfect, not even the supermodels and by applying some small tricks, you can feel more comfortable in your own skin and also gain some admiring glances. Don’t be afraid to experiment and play with textures, colors and designs to find those pieces of clothes that suit you best and give you confidence.",
"Hopefully, with the above conversation with useful tips, you will have less problems in choosing the best outfits to match your body type. Any other thoughts?",
"Okay wear ruffles?? Are you serious?? It makes me look like I’m some kind of taboo...as for the skinny jean issue, now that’s what I look good in, it all depends on the kind you buy nd how you dress it out on top...so skinny jeans work don’t discourage them just cause you don’t know how to pick them... Straight cut jeans?? Psssht! No offense but those are white tendencies a fashion don’t for skinny people aswell! #DONE",
"does this site hate skinny girls? Why should we basically hide our bodies? that doesn’t seem right. And I have big boobs and a big butt but long skinny legs and arms. Do all these still apply to me?",
"We do not hate skinny girls, rather we encourage them to live a healthy life style. Don’t you see those skinny fashion models who are striving for skinny figure. We hate those sort of attempt. By the way, you are not skinny as you say. So you are curvy, isn’t it?",
"Cool, I never knew that wearing horizontals could give one a curvier image. I agree with not wearing v necks; v necks does not work for me. This helped a lot. Thanks!! 🙂",
"This post and the above comment, posted by the author, are highly offensive to skinny girls. How dare the writer tell anyone what they can’t wear, or what isn’t made for them? Also, saying they “encourage them to live a healthy lifestyle.” Not every “skinny” or “thin” girl is unhealthy. That is completely incorrect and unessessary. The author should not write posts with discrimination and seeming envy of thin women.",
"I’m extremely skinny due to genetics as well as a thyroid condition and I take offense to this post. Who are these people to tell me what I can and can’t wear? I guess I’m supposed to dress like a nun for the rest of my life",
"For one I think the lady in the pic looks very nice with the sleevless top and skinny jeans she is wearing. This info can be taken as a guideline but definately not the rule for how slender women should dress. Eating healthy because you want to take care of yourself is not unhealthy what is unhealthy is not accepting one anther as we are. Fat, skinny, tall ,short ,black, white, pink, green ect. Americans are the one of the most unhealthy people in the world. We eat everything in sight don’t exercise take meds for everything, have surgery to try to perfect ourselves. If we would stop catagorizing people we would all be much happier.",
"I am so skinny and this is not offensive. Get over your selves! And stop getting so offended by every little thing lol! And if you are extremely offended then stop reading.This post has been helpful for skinny people that battle to find the right clothing.",
"The above tips are very helpful. I wonder why some.girks found it offensive.That just means they are not comfortable in their own bodies",
"We are, I am anyway. These posts about being skinny tells girls they’re unattractive because they’re skinny, by saying men dont find it appealing and by saying its unhealthy when it isnt always true. I was born thin, but I’m still shapely and curves and I’m not unhealthy and I get compliments all the time when according to this I’m “disgusting” “like a model”. So this site just skinny shames girls and makes them feel insecure. No one should be shaming anyone.",
"I was born skinny, and all of you internet people say being skinny is unhealthy and its ugly and shit. Well stop, because its not about being too skinny or too fat. You guys only want perfect looking figures. You want it to be a toned stomach, toned legs and all of that. WELL WE WERE ALL BORN DIFFERENT SO ACCEPT IT!",
"I am very thin. 5’4′′ and 101 lbs. I hate it, hard to find clothes that fit etc. I have to wear a padded rear end and bra and still get comments about it all the time. However, I can look really good in clothes that do fit. I love all the positive advice about fashion and all. It’s helpful even if I don’t agree about everything. There’s no reason for negativity here. They’re just trying to help. Take it or leave it just don’t ridicule good intentions. No one is trying to be insulting, just helpful."
]
},
"parsed_md": "What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls - Living Fit\n\nLifestyle\n\n# What to Wear: Fashion Advice for Skinny Girls\n\n9 years ago\n\n13 Comments\n\n17,920 Views\n\nIf you’re naturally slender it can be harder than you think to know which\nstyles and clothes will best suit your shape. While many trends look great on\nslim figures there are some key items every skinny woman should invest in and\nsome fashion no-no’s that are best avoided.\n\nTo find out more about how to dress if you’re thin, we spoke to leading\nfashion expert and TV host Nicky Hambleton-Jones to find out her styling\nsecrets for slim line women, from adding curves in all the right places, to\nmaking the most of your slim shape it’s all right here...\n\nIf you’re skinny what kinds of dresses, tops and pants should you wear?\n\nYou can add curves to your frame with peplum style dresses and tops. Bootleg\njeans and pants are great on skinny women too as they give the body extra\nshape and dimension. Alternatively skinny jeans will obviously look fabulous.\n\nDresses best for skinny women as you can try those peplums, babydolls,\nstraight-cut dresses, and shifts for adding curves and volumes\n\nAre there any style shortcuts to making you look more curvy when you’re very\nslim?\n\nWear horizontal stripes on the top half to give your body some added curves.\nAvoid wearing a lot of black as this can make you look slimmer than you are.\nClothing with structure and a peplum top or dress can help give the illusion\nof a fuller figure. Wear tops and dresses with ruffled necklines. A little\nruffle can do wonders for a flat chest.\n\nWhat kinds of fabrics are most flattering when you’re slim?\n\nFabrics with some structure are great for creating the illusion of curve, but\nyou don’t want to go too bulky as this can make your frame look rigid. If you\nwant to accentuate your figure then clingy fabrics are great but if you want\nto add curve to your frame then avoid them and go for something thicker like\nwool.\n\nPleats, layers, belts, textured fabrics are good options to accentuate your\nsilhouette\n\nCan you recommend any accessories that can help make you look fuller figured?\n\nBelts should become your new best friend! Both thick and skinny belts paired\nover a floaty dress or top will add shape to your outfit and accentuate your\ntiny waist.\n\nStyle inspiration Trends come and go but what style staples should every\nskinny woman have in their wardrobe?\n\nThanks to Coco Chanel Breton stripes will never go out of fashion and they’re\nperfect for creating curves. Long sleeve tops are great for disguising thin\nupper arms, and boot cut pants are the perfect alternative to skinny jeans.\n\nWhat about beachwear – what style swimwear will flatter skinny women and make\nthem feel more feminine?\n\nLook for tops with padding, under wiring and a triangular shape to give the\nillusion of a fuller cup size and if you have a fuller bust look for\nsupportive halter-neck tops. Again, horizontal stripes will give the illusion\nof a fuller bust.\n\nPlay with colors, prints, ruffles, layers, and other elements for adding\nvolumes\n\nWhat are the style no-no’s when you are very slim?\n\nIf you’re very slim and want to look more curvaceous then avoid clingy\nclothing, wearing lots of black in one go and don’t wear overly baggy\nclothing. Moreover, women with lean figure should avoid sleeveless tops as the\nappearance of shoulders are more thin. Go for 3⁄4 length or long sleeves.\n\nDo you have any other style advice for slim women?\n\nLayering is a great way to give the illusion of curves, layer tops and\naccessorize with chunky scarves. A lot of women use baggy clothing as a means\nto hide the fact they are on the thin side, this is a mistake as it actually\naccentuates how small you are as the clothing tends to swamp your frame.\n\nWhat is the best way to hide scrawny arms?\n\nWearing long sleeves coupled with a waterfall blazer or jacket will draw\nattention away from the upper half of your body, especially when teamed with\nsome bright shoes or pants. Batwing sleeves are also great for adding some\nadditional shape.\n\nHigh Sleek Boots for thin legged women\n\nWhat is the best way to hide skinny legs?\n\nIn the summer maxi-skirts are great for hiding legs and looking stylish at the\nsame time, but again remember to avoid anything too baggy.\n\nAny footwear preference for Skinny Legs?\n\nSkinny girls should prefer lower heels and Dark colored boots. Boots are\ngenerally long and they will disguise the skinny legs under your skirt. At the\nsame time, be sure that you avoid heavy shoes. Heavy shoes will make your legs\nlook even thinner. Instead, wear the shoes which are light weight. The color\nwill add weight to your legs and draw attention away from bony knees.\n\nIf you’re looking for style inspiration on how to dress for a slim shape then\ntake a look at Keira Knightley, Miranda Kerr and Emma Stone- these slender\ncelebrities are always well put together and really make the most of their\nfigures.\n\nKeira Knightley with her “too” skinny shape, but still always looks good and\ngorgeous with dresses and skirts\n\nKeep in mind, nobody is perfect, not even the supermodels and by applying some\nsmall tricks, you can feel more comfortable in your own skin and also gain\nsome admiring glances. Don’t be afraid to experiment and play with textures,\ncolors and designs to find those pieces of clothes that suit you best and give\nyou confidence.\n\nHopefully, with the above conversation with useful tips, you will have less\nproblems in choosing the best outfits to match your body type. Any other\nthoughts?\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterestLinkedIn\n\n### You may also like\n\nMotivation\n\n## A Look at John Cena’s Road to Recovery for Hell...\n\nYoga\n\n## 30 Min Vinyasa Yoga for Strength & Flexibility\n\nMotivation\n\n## Amazing 175 Pounds Weight Loss Transformation- Meet...\n\nWorkout\n\n## Deadlift: The King Of Mass-Builders?\n\nWorkout\n\n## IFBB Pro Victor Martinez Demonstrates Best Leg Workouts\n\nLifestyle\n\n## Ladies Fitness Fashion- Workout Gears From Gym To...\n\n### 13 Comments\n\n * MisS A says:\n\nFeb 19, 2013 at 9:28 am\n\nOkay wear ruffles?? Are you serious?? It makes me look like I’m some kind of\ntaboo...as for the skinny jean issue, now that’s what I look good in, it all\ndepends on the kind you buy nd how you dress it out on top...so skinny jeans\nwork don’t discourage them just cause you don’t know how to pick them...\nStraight cut jeans?? Psssht! No offense but those are white tendencies a\nfashion don’t for skinny people aswell! #DONE\n\nReply\n\n * Josie says:\n\nApr 29, 2013 at 1:43 pm\n\ndoes this site hate skinny girls? Why should we basically hide our bodies?\nthat doesn’t seem right. And I have big boobs and a big butt but long skinny\nlegs and arms. Do all these still apply to me?\n\nReply\n\n * Ironlifter says:\n\nApr 30, 2013 at 12:49 am\n\nWe do not hate skinny girls, rather we encourage them to live a healthy life\nstyle. Don’t you see those skinny fashion models who are striving for skinny\nfigure. We hate those sort of attempt. By the way, you are not skinny as you\nsay. So you are curvy, isn’t it?\n\nReply\n\n * Tramanh says:\n\nJun 9, 2013 at 7:36 am\n\nCool, I never knew that wearing horizontals could give one a curvier image. I\nagree with not wearing v necks; v necks does not work for me. This helped a\nlot. Thanks!! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Isabella says:\n\nAug 24, 2013 at 5:38 am\n\nThis post and the above comment, posted by the author, are highly offensive to\nskinny girls. How dare the writer tell anyone what they can’t wear, or what\nisn’t made for them? Also, saying they “encourage them to live a healthy\nlifestyle.” Not every “skinny” or “thin” girl is unhealthy. That is completely\nincorrect and unessessary. The author should not write posts with\ndiscrimination and seeming envy of thin women.\n\nReply\n\n * Priya says:\n\nSep 8, 2013 at 2:41 pm\n\nskinny girls are just skinny, not necessarily unhealthy. stop discriminating.\n\nReply\n\n * amanda says:\n\nSep 19, 2013 at 12:07 am\n\nI’m extremely skinny due to genetics as well as a thyroid condition and I take\noffense to this post. Who are these people to tell me what I can and can’t\nwear? I guess I’m supposed to dress like a nun for the rest of my life\n\nReply\n\n * finepic says:\n\nOct 13, 2013 at 10:23 am\n\nFor one I think the lady in the pic looks very nice with the sleevless top and\nskinny jeans she is wearing. This info can be taken as a guideline but\ndefinately not the rule for how slender women should dress. Eating healthy\nbecause you want to take care of yourself is not unhealthy what is unhealthy\nis not accepting one anther as we are. Fat, skinny, tall ,short ,black, white,\npink, green ect. Americans are the one of the most unhealthy people in the\nworld. We eat everything in sight don’t exercise take meds for everything,\nhave surgery to try to perfect ourselves. If we would stop catagorizing people\nwe would all be much happier.\n\nReply\n\n * Natalie says:\n\nJan 8, 2014 at 3:38 am\n\nI am so skinny and this is not offensive. Get over your selves! And stop\ngetting so offended by every little thing lol! And if you are extremely\noffended then stop reading.This post has been helpful for skinny people that\nbattle to find the right clothing.\n\nReply\n\n * Deannah says:\n\nAug 6, 2015 at 7:24 pm\n\nThe above tips are very helpful. I wonder why some.girks found it\noffensive.That just means they are not comfortable in their own bodies\n\nReply\n\n * This site needs to be removed says:\n\nOct 25, 2015 at 8:56 pm\n\nWe are, I am anyway. These posts about being skinny tells girls they’re\nunattractive because they’re skinny, by saying men dont find it appealing and\nby saying its unhealthy when it isnt always true. I was born thin, but I’m\nstill shapely and curves and I’m not unhealthy and I get compliments all the\ntime when according to this I’m “disgusting” “like a model”. So this site just\nskinny shames girls and makes them feel insecure. No one should be shaming\nanyone.\n\nReply\n\n * Doesn't matter says:\n\nSep 16, 2015 at 3:56 am\n\nI was born skinny, and all of you internet people say being skinny is\nunhealthy and its ugly and shit. Well stop, because its not about being too\nskinny or too fat. You guys only want perfect looking figures. You want it to\nbe a toned stomach, toned legs and all of that. WELL WE WERE ALL BORN\nDIFFERENT SO ACCEPT IT!\n\nReply\n\n * Renee Lee says:\n\nJun 27, 2016 at 1:00 pm\n\nI am very thin. 5’4′′ and 101 lbs. I hate it, hard to find clothes that fit\netc. I have to wear a padded rear end and bra and still get comments about it\nall the time. However, I can look really good in clothes that do fit. I love\nall the positive advice about fashion and all. It’s helpful even if I don’t\nagree about everything. There’s no reason for negativity here. They’re just\ntrying to help. Take it or leave it just don’t ridicule good intentions. No\none is trying to be insulting, just helpful.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment X\n\n© LivingFit 2015. Designed by ottoman.\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Disclaimer\n * Advertise\n * Write For Us\n * Contact\n\n"
}
] |
1,381,640 | How To Grow Pampas Grass | If you want to grow pampas grass, start by planting the seeds in soil and watering them lightly so they don't wash away. Let the grass germinate for 20-25 days, then water it every couple of weeks during the first year. Provide the grass with fertilizer 3 times in the first year and 1 time per year thereafter. When your grass is well-established, prune the foliage and flower stalks with a trimmer. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811224801/https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811123152/https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200522010726/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml"
] | train | 1,017 | [
{
"original_url": "https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200811224801/https://plantcaretoday.com/pampas-grass-care.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pampas Grass Care: Cortaderia Selloana Growing",
"passages": [
"So you want to learn about Pampas grass care aka (Cortaderia selloana) a rugged, tall, good-looking perennial plant with lots to offer in both form and function.",
"Because it grows between ten and thirteen feet in height, and individual tall pampas grass clumps can spread to a width of six feet, it is an excellent choice as privacy screens.",
"Furthermore, since its stems are stiff and upright and its leaves characterized with a literally razor sharp edge, it makes an effective form of natural fencing.",
"The beauty of pampas grass easily matches its practical applications. Cortaderia selloana plants sport large and fluffy stalks of graceful plumes or flowers with various shades of white, cream and pink in the late summer.",
"Cut grass pampas plumes for adding to dried floral arrangements, or simply leave them in place for added winter landscape interest.",
"Each sharp leaf or blade of ornamental pampas grass displays color from deep green to variegated green and yellow. They sway attractively in the breeze adding texture and interest to the garden throughout the spring, summer and early autumn.",
"In this article, we will explore the considerations to keep in mind when planting Pampas Grass. We will also share advice on how and where to plant this warm-season grass. Read on to learn more.",
"It is far too easy to grow the ornamental pampas grass. It grows like a weed and declared an invasive species and noxious weed in Texas and California. It is banned in Hawaii and New Zealand.",
"This self-sowing plant can also spread via traveling roots. It gets around quickly and can overtake your garden (and your neighbors’ gardens) in very short order if you are not careful!",
"Young plants of pampas grass embrace a wide variety of growing conditions, and once in place, they increase in size and width with startling rapidity.",
"This is why it is so important that you make an informed decision regarding planting Pampas Grass. If you decide you want to give it a try, be sure to have a workable plan in place for its management.",
"You must be certain to have ample room for growth. Understand that if you are planting more than one specimen, you must be able to provide a minimum of six feet of space between plants.",
"You should also take care to plant pampas grass far away from structures because it is quite flammable and can present a fire hazard.",
"For best results, select a full sun location to plant pampas grass in a well- drained soil that remains uniformly moist.",
"However, if you are not able to provide this, you’ll be happy to know that the robust pampas grass plant can adjust to a wide variety of conditions. It can tolerate partial shade and various soil conditions.",
"In fact, Pampas Grass is drought tolerant but so flexible it can easily tolerate salt and wind. This is why it is an excellent choice for your seaside cottage garden!",
"It is frequently used for beach-front landscaping because it can even put up with an occasional drenching with ocean water.",
"This plume grass like (ravenna grass – Saccharum ravennae) does quite well in a wide range of USDA zones (7 through 11). If you are growing pampas grass in a well-protected area, it will do quite nicely in Zone 6. It cannot grow in very cold areas unless you can grow it indoors (as in a mall or botanical garden greenhouse).",
"Pampas grass can over-winter in containers if brought inside. However, it grows so large that this would be impractical in most situations.",
"Additionally, the plants’ sharp leaves make it unsuitable for indoor use or use in areas where unsuspecting people might come in contact with it frequently.",
"If you don’t have a great deal of space and/or don’t want a plant that may take over your garden (or even your neighborhood) you may wish to look into sterile hybrid dwarf varieties.",
"These dwarf plants only grow to be about five feet high, so they only need four or five feet of space between them and other plants. They do not produce pampas grass seed but can spread through root growth.",
"Each silvery grey or white plume is more of a deep, golden color making an especially nice counterpoint to showy shrubs, such as highlighting Knockout Roses, Butterfly Bushes and other floral plants of a similar size.",
"Even though this enthusiastic perennial grass is quite hardy and easy to grow, follow there steps for the very best results.",
"Dig a generously-sized hole in your prepared soil. If your young plants are in gallon containers, your holes should be about seventeen inches wide and fifteen inches deep.",
"Remove the plant from its container and massage the root ball to separate the roots so that they can take hold and absorb moisture more easily.",
"Center your plant in the hole you have dug and refill around the plant with the soil that you have prepared.",
"Water deeply, immediately. Keep the soil evenly moist as your plant establishes itself. Once established, you will only need to water deeply, occasionally if your area is in a state of drought. Otherwise, the long taproot of this plant will find the water it needs.",
"When you have an established stand of this rugged ornamental grass, you are sure to find care and maintenance a breeze. It takes very little care.",
"In cooler areas, at the end of the growing season, late in the autumn, don your gloves and protective wear and tie the leaves of the plant together.",
"This will help protect the plant against shock caused by cold. If you live in an area that freezes, you may wish to wrap or cover your plants when the temperature drops below freezing.",
"In the very early spring, you should prune or burn the dead stalks of your plant to the ground. This will not harm the roots, and it will make way for fresh, new growth.",
"Remember that the leaves of this grass are literally blades. They are razor sharp and can inflict quite a bit of injury. Be sure to wear gloves and sturdy long sleeves to avoid being badly cut when pruning or otherwise handling these plants.",
"Pampas Grass plants do very well with little or no fertilizer. If you want, you can give it a bit of balanced fertilizer in the springtime after pruning or burning back dead growth. This will help stimulate the springtime growth.",
"After you prune or burn back your plants in the springtime, you can slice into the root clumps with a sharp shovel. Just dig up a shovelful of roots and relocate them to another setting. Soon you will have a whole new plant.",
"Note that Pampas Grass comes in both male and female varieties. You can tell the difference by the plumes. The females have fuller, silkier, more attractive plumes. It is best to just propagate the female specimens for the most pleasing results. You will have a much nicer looking stand of Pampas Grass if it is made up of mostly females.",
"This rampant ornamental grass is considered invasive in many places specifically because it is self-seeding. Pampas grass produces massive numbers of seeds every year. They are carried thither and yon on every passing breeze, and they can germinate and make themselves at home in almost any kind of soil.",
"The grass can spread with little or no effort from you. The main point of propagation is to get your new plants where you want them, as opposed to having them scattered all around",
"If you want to grow Pampa Grass from seed, nothing could be easier. Sow the seed directly onto prepared soil in the springtime after all danger of frost passes.",
"The seeds need light to germinate; therefore, you should sow it in a sunny area and don’t cover it with soil. You may wish to rake the soil lightly before and after sowing to prevent the seed from blowing away or being eaten by birds.",
"When to plant pampas grass. If you wish, you can sow the seeds in pots indoors a couple of months before the last predicted frost. Sow them lightly on the surface of a loose, well-draining growing medium. Keep them well lit and warm (around 70° degrees Fahrenheit) until they sprout. This should take between twenty and twenty-five days.",
"After all danger of frost passes, relocate your seedlings to your garden. As with all plants kept indoors during the winter months, you will want to transition your youngsters to the outdoor environment gradually.",
"Pampas Grass has no enemies, other than cold weather and people who grow tired of it. It resists most, if not all, pests and diseases.",
"Later, if you change your mind, you’ll pretty much out of luck. It is almost impossible to eradicate once established.",
"If you decide to get rid of this grass, prepare for a struggle of many years ahead. Many have tried chopping it down and/or burning it.",
"Remember this grass can spread through traveling roots, which grow deeply into the ground. It’s these deep roots which allow the plant to survive adverse conditions.",
"For example, in times of drought, even if the above-ground parts of the plant die back, the roots wait patiently underground, biding their time until welcoming conditions prevail once more.",
"Some people have successfully got rid of it with herbicides, but this is a particularly destructive method. This plant is so tough it will take multiple applications of poison to have any effect. Runoff from herbicides contaminates water supplies, so it is best to avoid use of these and other garden chemicals.",
"Before you decide to plant this beautiful, yet troublesome ornamental perennial grass, be sure it is allowed in your area. Check with your local agricultural extension office or consult the USDA online to be certain Pampas Grass is allowed where you live.",
"Plantcaretoday.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pampas Grass Care: Cortaderia Selloana Growing | Maintenance | Pruning\n\nSkip to content\n\nHome » Perennial » Grass\n\n# Pampas Grass Care | Growing, Pruning Cortaderia Selloana\n\nSo you want to learn about Pampas grass care aka (Cortaderia selloana) a\nrugged, tall, good-looking perennial plant with lots to offer in both form and\nfunction.\n\nBecause it grows between ten and thirteen feet in height, and individual tall\npampas grass clumps can spread to a width of six feet, it is an excellent\nchoice as privacy screens.\n\nFurthermore, since its stems are stiff and upright and its leaves\ncharacterized with a literally razor sharp edge, it makes an effective form of\nnatural fencing.\n\nThe beauty of pampas grass easily matches its practical applications.\nCortaderia selloana plants sport large and fluffy stalks of graceful plumes or\nflowers with various shades of white, cream and pink in the late summer.\n\nCut grass pampas plumes for adding to dried floral arrangements, or simply\nleave them in place for added winter landscape interest.\n\nEach sharp leaf or blade of ornamental pampas grass displays color from deep\ngreen to variegated green and yellow. They sway attractively in the breeze\nadding texture and interest to the garden throughout the spring, summer and\nearly autumn.\n\nAll these positive attributes make Cortaderia Pampas Grass a popular landscape\nselection. However, the plant does have some downsides.\n\nIn this article, we will explore the considerations to keep in mind when\nplanting Pampas Grass. We will also share advice on how and where to plant\nthis warm-season grass. Read on to learn more.\n\n## How To Care For Pampas Grass\n\nIt is far too easy to grow the ornamental pampas grass. It grows like a weed\nand declared an invasive species and noxious weed in Texas and California. It\nis banned in Hawaii and New Zealand.\n\nThis self-sowing plant can also spread via traveling roots. It gets around\nquickly and can overtake your garden (and your neighbors’ gardens) in very\nshort order if you are not careful!\n\nYoung plants of pampas grass embrace a wide variety of growing conditions, and\nonce in place, they increase in size and width with startling rapidity.\n\nThis is why it is so important that you make an informed decision regarding\nplanting Pampas Grass. If you decide you want to give it a try, be sure to\nhave a workable plan in place for its management.\n\nYou must be certain to have ample room for growth. Understand that if you are\nplanting more than one specimen, you must be able to provide a minimum of six\nfeet of space between plants.\n\nYou should also take care to plant pampas grass far away from structures\nbecause it is quite flammable and can present a fire hazard.\n\nRelated Reading:\n\n * 10 Ways You Can Use Ornamental Grasses In The Landscape\n * Growing Sweet Flag – Acorus Gramineus ‘Variegatus’ Plants\n * Mondo Grass Plant Care – Growing Ophiopogon Jaburan\n\nFor best results, select a full sun location to plant pampas grass in a well-\ndrained soil that remains uniformly moist.\n\nHowever, if you are not able to provide this, you’ll be happy to know that the\nrobust pampas grass plant can adjust to a wide variety of conditions. It can\ntolerate partial shade and various soil conditions.\n\nIn fact, Pampas Grass is drought tolerant but so flexible it can easily\ntolerate salt and wind. This is why it is an excellent choice for your seaside\ncottage garden!\n\nIt is frequently used for beach-front landscaping because it can even put up\nwith an occasional drenching with ocean water.\n\n### Caring For Pampas Grass\n\nThis plume grass like (ravenna grass – Saccharum ravennae) does quite well in\na wide range of USDA zones (7 through 11). If you are growing pampas grass in\na well-protected area, it will do quite nicely in Zone 6. It cannot grow in\nvery cold areas unless you can grow it indoors (as in a mall or botanical\ngarden greenhouse).\n\nPampas grass can over-winter in containers if brought inside. However, it\ngrows so large that this would be impractical in most situations.\n\nAdditionally, the plants’ sharp leaves make it unsuitable for indoor use or\nuse in areas where unsuspecting people might come in contact with it\nfrequently.\n\n## Smaller Dwarf Pampas Grass Varieties\n\nIf you don’t have a great deal of space and/or don’t want a plant that may\ntake over your garden (or even your neighborhood) you may wish to look into\nsterile hybrid dwarf varieties.\n\nThese dwarf plants only grow to be about five feet high, so they only need\nfour or five feet of space between them and other plants. They do not produce\npampas grass seed but can spread through root growth.\n\nDwarf pampas varieties are especially hardy and take up far less space than\noriginal Pampas Grass.\n\nEach silvery grey or white plume is more of a deep, golden color making an\nespecially nice counterpoint to showy shrubs, such as highlighting Knockout\nRoses, Butterfly Bushes and other floral plants of a similar size.\n\n## Steps To Take When Planting and Growing Pampas Grass\n\nEven though this enthusiastic perennial grass is quite hardy and easy to grow,\nfollow there steps for the very best results.\n\n * Pick a bright, sunny location and drain soil lightly, not excessively dry.\n * Plan on giving each of your young plants 6-8 feet of space on all sides.\n * Prepare your soil by tilling it well and incorporating some organic compost and/or well-composted manure.\n * Dig a generously-sized hole in your prepared soil. If your young plants are in gallon containers, your holes should be about seventeen inches wide and fifteen inches deep.\n * Remove the plant from its container and massage the root ball to separate the roots so that they can take hold and absorb moisture more easily.\n * Center your plant in the hole you have dug and refill around the plant with the soil that you have prepared.\n * Water deeply, immediately. Keep the soil evenly moist as your plant establishes itself. Once established, you will only need to water deeply, occasionally if your area is in a state of drought. Otherwise, the long taproot of this plant will find the water it needs.\n\n## Pampas Grass Maintenance: Taking Care Of Cortaderia\n\nWhen you have an established stand of this rugged ornamental grass, you are\nsure to find care and maintenance a breeze. It takes very little care.\n\nIn cooler areas, at the end of the growing season, late in the autumn, don\nyour gloves and protective wear and tie the leaves of the plant together.\n\nThis will help protect the plant against shock caused by cold. If you live in\nan area that freezes, you may wish to wrap or cover your plants when the\ntemperature drops below freezing.\n\n### Pampas Grass Pruning\n\nIn the very early spring, you should prune or burn the dead stalks of your\nplant to the ground. This will not harm the roots, and it will make way for\nfresh, new growth.\n\nRemember that the leaves of this grass are literally blades. They are razor\nsharp and can inflict quite a bit of injury. Be sure to wear gloves and sturdy\nlong sleeves to avoid being badly cut when pruning or otherwise handling these\nplants.\n\n### Pampas Grass Fertilizer – Does Cortaderia Selloana Need Lots Of\nFertilizer?\n\nPampas Grass plants do very well with little or no fertilizer. If you want,\nyou can give it a bit of balanced fertilizer in the springtime after pruning\nor burning back dead growth. This will help stimulate the springtime growth.\n\n### How Do You Propagate Pampas Grass?\n\nAfter you prune or burn back your plants in the springtime, you can slice into\nthe root clumps with a sharp shovel. Just dig up a shovelful of roots and\nrelocate them to another setting. Soon you will have a whole new plant.\n\nNote that Pampas Grass comes in both male and female varieties. You can tell\nthe difference by the plumes. The females have fuller, silkier, more\nattractive plumes. It is best to just propagate the female specimens for the\nmost pleasing results. You will have a much nicer looking stand of Pampas\nGrass if it is made up of mostly females.\n\n### How To Plant Pampas Grass Seeds\n\nAlso, how fast does pampas grass grow?\n\nThis rampant ornamental grass is considered invasive in many places\nspecifically because it is self-seeding. Pampas grass produces massive numbers\nof seeds every year. They are carried thither and yon on every passing breeze,\nand they can germinate and make themselves at home in almost any kind of soil.\n\nThe grass can spread with little or no effort from you. The main point of\npropagation is to get your new plants where you want them, as opposed to\nhaving them scattered all around\n\nIf you want to grow Pampa Grass from seed, nothing could be easier. Sow the\nseed directly onto prepared soil in the springtime after all danger of frost\npasses.\n\nThe seeds need light to germinate; therefore, you should sow it in a sunny\narea and don’t cover it with soil. You may wish to rake the soil lightly\nbefore and after sowing to prevent the seed from blowing away or being eaten\nby birds.\n\nWhen to plant pampas grass. If you wish, you can sow the seeds in pots indoors\na couple of months before the last predicted frost. Sow them lightly on the\nsurface of a loose, well-draining growing medium. Keep them well lit and warm\n(around 70° degrees Fahrenheit) until they sprout. This should take between\ntwenty and twenty-five days.\n\nAfter all danger of frost passes, relocate your seedlings to your garden. As\nwith all plants kept indoors during the winter months, you will want to\ntransition your youngsters to the outdoor environment gradually.\n\n### Pests & Diseases Of Perennial Pampas\n\nPampas Grass has no enemies, other than cold weather and people who grow tired\nof it. It resists most, if not all, pests and diseases.\n\n## Think Carefully Before Planting Grass Pampas!\n\nPampas Grass is a very attractive plant that adds drama and beauty to any\nlandscape.\n\nRemember, if you decide to plant it, you must keep it under control.\n\nLater, if you change your mind, you’ll pretty much out of luck. It is almost\nimpossible to eradicate once established.\n\nSo, how to get rid of pampas grass?\n\nIf you decide to get rid of this grass, prepare for a struggle of many years\nahead. Many have tried chopping it down and/or burning it.\n\nThis only stimulates the grass to produce new growth or to “go underground.”\n\nRemember this grass can spread through traveling roots, which grow deeply into\nthe ground. It’s these deep roots which allow the plant to survive adverse\nconditions.\n\nFor example, in times of drought, even if the above-ground parts of the plant\ndie back, the roots wait patiently underground, biding their time until\nwelcoming conditions prevail once more.\n\nSome people have successfully got rid of it with herbicides, but this is a\nparticularly destructive method. This plant is so tough it will take multiple\napplications of poison to have any effect. Runoff from herbicides contaminates\nwater supplies, so it is best to avoid use of these and other garden\nchemicals.\n\nBefore you decide to plant this beautiful, yet troublesome ornamental\nperennial grass, be sure it is allowed in your area. Check with your local\nagricultural extension office or consult the USDA online to be certain Pampas\nGrass is allowed where you live.\n\nOther Grasses To Consider Include:\n\n * Maiden Grass – Miscanthus sinensis\n * Fountain Grass – Pennisetum setaceum & pennisetum alopecuroide\n * Learn To Grow Lomandra Grass\n\n * Pinterest\n * Facebook\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * Turtle Head Plant: How To Grow And Care For Chelone Plants\n * Philodendron Scandens Care: How To Grow Sweetheart Philodendron Hederaceum\n * Questions and Answers On Philodendron Pink Princess Care\n * Growing Croton Mammy: How To Care For Colorful Codiaeum Mammy\n * Floss Flower: How To Care For Ageratum Houstonianum\n * How Do You Grow A Pink Princess Philodendron\n * How To Transplant Succulents Successfully Tips and Tricks\n\n## Service\n\n * Contact\n * About Us\n * Medical Disclaimer\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n\n## Amazon Associates Program\n\nPlantcaretoday.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\nsites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com\n\n## Follow Us on Social\n\n© 2020 · plantcaretoday.com · Privacy Policy\n\nScroll back to top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200811123152/https://www.gardenguides.com/79405-care-pampas-grass.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Care for Pampas Grass",
"passages": [
"Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high. Attractive white plumes that look similar to cotton candy appear on large flower stalks in summer and fall. Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow. Minimal care is required for pampas grass to thrive in most areas of the country.",
"Plant pampas grass in mid-spring in a location that receives full sun to light shade and has well-drained, loamy soil. Dig a hole about three times as wide as the root system and of equal depth. Spread the roots with your hands, place the plant into the hole and back-fill with soil. Space plants 6 to 8 feet apart for mass plantings.",
"Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.",
"Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow.",
"Water pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage growth. Continue providing water once every two weeks for the first year. Water only during periods of drought once plants become established, usually after about two weeks with no natural rainfall. No additional supplemental watering is required for mature plants.",
"Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth. Reduce feeding to once per year in March beginning in the second year of growth. Refer to the instructions on the packaging for proper dosage. Water thoroughly before and after applying fertilizer.",
"Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth.",
"Prune pampas grass in early spring around February. Wear leather gloves to protect your hands from the sharp blades of grass. Tie a piece of rope around the entire plant about 4 feet from the ground and use a power weed trimmer to remove all the foliage and flower stalks above 12 inches in height.",
"Divide pampas grass clumps in spring, shortly after pruning for the best results. Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several new plants. One clump can typically be divided into 6 or 8 new pampas grass plants. Replant the divided clumps immediately and begin caring for them as usual.",
"Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.",
"Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.",
"Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.",
"Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Garden Guides | How to Care for Pampas Grass\n\n * Flowers\n * Structures\n * Produce\n * Trees\n * Lawn\n\n×\n\n * Flowers\n * Structures\n * Produce\n * Trees\n * Lawn\n\nPlan the perfect garden with our interactive tool →\n\nShare this article\n\nLearn which plants thrive in your Hardiness Zone with our new interactive map!\n\nVisit Map →\n\n * Home /\n * Lawn\n\n# How to Care for Pampas Grass\n\nBy: Willow Sidhe\n\n●\n\n21 September, 2017\n\nPampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and\ndurable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.\nAttractive white plumes that look similar to cotton candy appear on large\nflower stalks in summer and fall. Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes,\nbut it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow. Minimal care is\nrequired for pampas grass to thrive in most areas of the country.\n\nPlant pampas grass in mid-spring in a location that receives full sun to light\nshade and has well-drained, loamy soil. Dig a hole about three times as wide\nas the root system and of equal depth. Spread the roots with your hands, place\nthe plant into the hole and back-fill with soil. Space plants 6 to 8 feet\napart for mass plantings.\n\n * Pampas grass, Latin name Cortaderia selloana, is an easy to care for and durable ornamental grass that forms large clumps up to 10 feet wide and high.\n * Pampas grass is popular for home landscapes, but it must be planted in an area with plenty of room to grow.\n\nWater pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage\ngrowth. Continue providing water once every two weeks for the first year.\nWater only during periods of drought once plants become established, usually\nafter about two weeks with no natural rainfall. No additional supplemental\nwatering is required for mature plants.\n\nFeed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in\nMarch, May and September during the first year of growth. Reduce feeding to\nonce per year in March beginning in the second year of growth. Refer to the\ninstructions on the packaging for proper dosage. Water thoroughly before and\nafter applying fertilizer.\n\n * Water pampas grass thoroughly after planting to compact the soil and encourage growth.\n * Feed pampas grass using a 10-10-10 NPK fertilizer three times per year in March, May and September during the first year of growth.\n\nPrune pampas grass in early spring around February. Wear leather gloves to\nprotect your hands from the sharp blades of grass. Tie a piece of rope around\nthe entire plant about 4 feet from the ground and use a power weed trimmer to\nremove all the foliage and flower stalks above 12 inches in height.\n\nDivide pampas grass clumps in spring, shortly after pruning for the best\nresults. Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several\nnew plants. One clump can typically be divided into 6 or 8 new pampas grass\nplants. Replant the divided clumps immediately and begin caring for them as\nusual.\n\n * Prune pampas grass in early spring around February.\n * Dig up the plant and use a shovel to divide the roots into several new plants.\n\nTip\n\nPampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt\nspray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on\nthe edge of lawns.\n\nWarning\n\nDo not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp\nleaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of\ndriveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\n\n## Related Articles\n\nHow to Garden Shenandoah Switch Grass→\n\nHow to Care for Ribbon Grass→\n\nHow Long Is the Oat Growing Season?→\n\nHow to Care for Maiden Grass→\n\nTypes of Grass in Oklahoma→\n\nTypes of Prairie Grass→\n\nTips\n\n * Pampas grass is ideal for planting in coastal landscapes, as it tolerates salt spray without deteriorating. It is also a great screen plant for placing on the edge of lawns.\n\nWarnings\n\n * Do not plant pampas grass in an area that is frequently passed, as the sharp leaves can cause injury. Also avoid planting pampas grass at the edge of driveways. It may obscure vision as it grows larger.\n\nThings Needed\n\n * Fertilizer\n * Leather gloves\n * Rope\n * Power weed trimmer\n * Shovel\n\nReferences\n\n * Cortaderia Selloana\n * UT Gardens Plant of the Month: Pampas Grass\n * Georgia Gardener's Guide; Erica Glasener, Walter Reeves; 2004\n\nPlan Your Garden →\n\n×\n\n * Flowers\n * Structures\n * Produce\n * Trees\n * Lawn\n\n * About Us\n * Accessibility\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Copyright Policy\n * Manage Preferences\n\nCopyright Leaf Group Ltd. // Leaf Group Lifestyle. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200522010726/http://www.bbc.co.uk:80/lancashire/content/articles/2008/01/08/pampas_grass_feature.shtml",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Ask the gardener: Pampas grass",
"passages": [
"Warton's Bill Blackledge is one of the county's most popular and sought after gardeners. If it's green and needs watering, Bill can tell you about it. He has been answering BBC Radio Lancashire listeners' queries for over thirty years, which means he's been there nearly as long as the transmitter!",
"His knowledge is encyclopedic. After training at the under the then Ministry of Agriculture, Bill spent over twenty years at the Department of Biological and Environmental Services at Lancaster University. Now, he's a regular course tutor at Alston Hall, Longridge and Lancaster Adult College.",
"For three decades, Bill has travelled the county with fellow judges as a regional judge for North West in Bloom.",
"My pampas grass is now very large (about 10 years old) and although I have been pulling out as much of the dead foliage as I can for the last few years in spring time it is now almost impossible to access the centre of the plant to clear out the dead material. I see you recommend pruning using shears/secateurs. If I cut the plant right back to the centre so I can clear out the old dead material will I do it any harm? Previously I have only pulled out the worst leaves, leaving any newer growth still attached. Many thanks.",
"I would not cut right back your Pampas Grass to its centre especially at this time of year Sharon (May), new flowering shoots will now be forming. The time for removing any dead material, especially from the old central area, is January/February time when any old and dead material can be cleared out. I realise the difficulty you will have in reaching the centre of the plant but, as mentioned above I would refrain from cutting right back at this time of year.",
"You will Jenny need to choose a plant which will be compatible with your Pampas Grass and which can also tolerate dry conditions. One plant which would 'fit the bill' is a Yucca plant, these plants are easy to grow and the smaller species Yucca Gloriosa Variegata will grow to a height of approximately three to four feet producing beautiful spiked flowers. A larger variety is the plain green Yucca Gloriosa which, again, produces beautiful spiked flowers but will grow into quite large plants. The other alternative would be to grow along side your Pampas Grass other grass species such as Miscanthus Sinensis or the Zebra Grass (Miscanthus Zebrinus).",
"Our Pampas Grass is growing well and full of lovely plumes (2 Feb), which are usually quite bedraggled by August when we are having a garden party. If I prune the plumes, will it flower again by end of July?",
"There are approximately 20 species of Pampas Grasses Judy and these species will flower throughout the summer months and also late autumn time and, with your Pampas Grass presently full of plumes it could one of the late autumn flowering species. Unfortunately it is difficult to give you a precise answer to your question of whether cutting off the plumes now will encourage new plumes by end of July. Part of the problem is what species of Pampas Grass is growing in your garden but, as you will be probably aware if you do cut any flowers back you will encourage more flowering stems to form and this could be the case with your Pampas Grass. I am sorry that I cannot be of any more help and I am afraid that it will just have to be trial and error.",
"I planted 2 small pampas in my front lawns in September, they haven't grown which I expected given the season and are now reduced to a bunch of creamy paper textured leaves. Are the plants dead or will I see the plants recovering in the spring?",
"Pampas Grass (Cortaderia) loves to grow in a sunny position and in a well drained soil and, if your two small plants are growing in water logged conditions the roots could quite easily have rotted off. But, during this time of year quite a number of leaves of Pampas Grasses do turn brown and have a creamy paper texture and I would therefore leave your plants until early springtime to see if any new shoots appear.",
"You can sow your Pampas Grass seed early springtime in a general seed and potting compost. The seeds are reasonably easy to germinate and when the seedlings are large enough to handle they can be repotted into a three and a half inch to four inch pot again, using a multipurpose purpose compost. If you then need to repot into a larger container I would use a soil base compost such as John Innes No2/3 with ten to fifteen per cent additional grit sand added. Pampas Grass thrives in well drained soil and a sunny position.",
"My husband gave me a tiny pampas grass to plant at the side of our garden, next to the border, two years ago. It has done very well and is a nice size. It also achieved two plumes, although one was broken off by the children! As it has grown, it has taken up a fair amount of lawn. This is not a problem at the size that it is now, but I do not want it to get any bigger. Do I have to dig it up and split it every few years, or will cutting it back keep it at a certain size? Also, I do all of the gardening, but my husband will be upset if I cut the grass back. I need expert advice explaining why I should cut it back. Please advise, thanks.",
"Depending on the variety of Pampas Grass you have in your garden Sam the size will vary from five to eight feet tall and four to six feet wide and, to keep your Pampas Grass under control in late winter early springtime trim back all the dead foliage and comb out any dead material from the centre of the plant. An old method used on the dead foliage was to burn the Grass in the winter months but this is now frowned upon as Ladybirds and Hedgehogs hibernate in the foliage during the winter period. If you feel that your plant is becoming too large you can trim back some of the tussocks to keep it under control and propagation of Pampas Grass can be easily be done by dividing the tussocks early springtime and from seed sowing during March/April time.",
"I have had a pampas in a tub for 2 years now. I want to plant it in the garden, when is the best time?",
"It is far too wet at the present time (January) Tracey to transplant your Pampas Grass (Cortaderia) but, as soon as the weather improves and the soil is warmer - and not frosty - you will then be able to transplant your Pampas Grass into your garden. I would work into your soil some well rotted manure and also a liberal dressing of a general base fertiliser. Pampas Grass will grow in a wide range of soils providing that the soil is well drained and, they are a very tough plant but a general feed with a base fertiliser such as Fish Blood and Bone Meal early spring should suffice.",
"I am shortly moving to a small semi-bungalow which has an old large Pampas Grass with a stem aleast 2/3 feet in diameter, growing in the front garden about 3/4 feet from the front bedroom window of the bungalow and also close to my neighbours wall as well. Do you think this plant's roots could damage these bungalow's foundations being so close? If I want to get rid of it, could it be cut off just below ground level and poisoned to kill it? Would appreciate any help or views you may have.",
"Pampas Grass produces very tough spongy compact roots and not a lot of actively vigorous tap roots which can be troublesome to foundations during very dry periods. But, as you have mentioned your large Pampas Grass is only three to four feet from the front bedroom window and although it is highly unlikely, the roots could still be troublesome to your bungalows foundation and your neighbour's wall. You mention 'poisoning' your Pampas Grass and there are weedkillers available but you will need to be careful if there are plants in close vicinity. If however you have no plants in close vicinity to your Pampas Grass, I would recommend the weedkiller Rootout. If there are plants close by I would cut your Pampas Grass back and when new shoots and leaves appear I would spray with a glyphosate weedkiller such as RoundUp or Tumbleweed - taking care to protect nearby plants from spray drift.",
"I have moved a Pampas Grass about two months ago (May). It seems to have survived the move but nearly all the leaves have brown tips - the end nine inches or so. Is this the result of the move, the fault of all the rainfall we have been having, or just something that will repair itself in time.",
"You will find Brian that Pampas Grass is a very tough plant and I am sure even though the leaves have brown tips your plant will soon recover and the problem will have arisen due to you transplanting your grass. Once your Pampas Grass has become established the new leaves which will appear will I am sure be healthy and next Spring any old leaves can be cut back to encourage more new growth.",
"After trimming my Pampas Grass, I find it appears to be all paper and rotted stumps, in the centre at ground level. What can I do to rectify this, if anything? Many thanks.",
"Pampas Grass (Cortaderia Selloana) is a very tough plant Jackie and will thrive in a wide range of soils but, the plant does not like waterlogged conditions and I am just wondering if this could be the problem with your Pampas Grass. You will need to remove all the dry leaves from the central area of the plant - which will in turn encourage new shoots to appear.",
"I have a relatively small pampas grass where some off the plumes have been blown over by very strong winds. Do I need to remove these plumes?",
"If your Pampas Grass Plumes are completely bent over Sandra you are far better cutting these off at base level and although I am not an expert on Floral Art I have been told that if you dry the plume stems at room temperature you will be able to use these in floral displays.",
"I want to plant pampas grass in a small patch about 8x4 which used to be the potting shed, it has a soil depth of about 12\" with a concrete bottom. Will the plant grow in this depth? Also I have a white Pampas which I can split up. Can I split this now? I want to get a pink one to go alongside, will the two grow together? Can you suggest anything else that will go with these? Thanks",
"It is going to be very difficult for your Pampas Grass to grow successfully in twelve inches of soil Roger and there is also the added problem of the concrete base which will seriously restrict the root growth of your Pampas Grass - also the drainage of the soil will lead to water logged conditions during the winter months. If at all possible I would try and break up the concrete base and remove large parts of it - this will allow the roots to grow into the subsoil and alleviate the above mentioned problems. On the question of splitting your Pampas Grass I would wait until early Spring and providing you leave enough space between the Pampas Grasses there is no reason why the pink and white cannot be grown close together. Regarding other architectural plants which will complement your Pampas Grasses I would suggest Yucca Gloriosa and Phormium Tenax.",
"I have a pampas plant in the middle of my lawn and want to remove it. What is the best way to do it, or can you recomend a removal specialist?",
"You will need to wait Nick for a reasonable period of dry weather before attempting to remove your Pampas Grass from the middle of your lawn - early Spring would be ideal. If you try and lift your plant during November - when conditions are wet and damp - you will do endless damage to your lawn. The best way to lift your Pampas Grass, which is a tough plant to remove as the roots are very tight and spongy - is with a sharp spade, pick for leverage and 'brute force'. Regarding your question of hiring a 'removal specialist' I would contact a local Garden Contractor. Good luck!",
"Is it possible to split or prune one of those very tough spiky grass-like plants that grow quite tall - can't remember what they're called, possibly a type of flax? Mine is getting too big for its position!",
"The tough spiky grass you have Mary could be the Pampas Grass or it could be one of the Phormium Species (the New Zealand Flax) Both of these plants can be split but you would be far better waiting until the Autumn or early next Spring.",
"I have a Pampas grass plant with a lot of dead leaves. I have been told it is possible to burn out the dead leaves. Is this possible?",
"It is a little late in the year to set fire to your Pampas Grass as there will be plenty of new shoots now appearing which you do not want to damage. You will need to remove the dead leaves and I personally always use a sharp pair of shears. I would also recommend that you use a good pair of gloves as the leaf edges are very sharp. Regarding burning the leaves off your Pampas Grass January or February would be the ideal time but, I would ensure your plant is well away from your house and I would also check your insurance policy!",
"We have a pampas grass which looks beautiful, is extremely green and healthy but never has any plumes growing from it. We've had it for over four years.",
"Some varieties of Pampas Grass do require a number of years before they will actually flower and what we have to do with your plant Mairi is to try and force it to flower. I would not water it nor feed it and the dry conditions we have recently had could quite easily force your Pampas Grass to flower. Basically it is growing in too rich a soil and is quite happy producing healthy leaves and no flower spikes.",
"Planted a Pampas Grass two years ago, it has thrived, i.e. tall, green and healthy looking but no flowers, those lovely silvery fronds we expected. Why?",
"You have got to ignore your Pampas Grass Thomas - do not water it or feed it and the shortage of water plus nutrients will hopefully force your Pampas Grass to flower.",
"I have a large pampas grass between me and my neighbour's bungalow. We are both in agreement that it is taking a lot of room up and would like to pull it up. We would like to know what sort of root it has got and if it will be easy to lift. My daughter said that she would have it in her garden but we need to know if our task will be an easy one.",
"The operation is not going to be easy Diane - the Pampas Grass has a very tight spongy and tough root system and, you are going to need at least a pick and very sharp spade. What I would suggest you do is to commandeer a couple of strong volunteers to give you a hand - but I would delay the operation until the Autumn. Good Luck!",
"I have a large Pampas grass in my garden, what care do I need to give it? Any advice please?",
"Pampas Grass loves to be planted in a well drained soil and in a sunny position, and when established they are a 'tough customer' and need little attention. What you will need to do in the early Spring Mair is to give your plant a trim and tidy up by cutting out any of the dead leaves and debris in the centre of the plant. At this time of year you can also give it a general feed with a base fertliser such a Growmore or Fish Blood and Bone Meal. Approximately four to six ounces around the base of the plant. If we do have a very dry summer you may need to water the plant but otherwise no attention is required.",
"About 10 years ago my father in law (who passed away 2 years ago) planted a Pampas Grass in a small plot in front of his living room window. This has since grown so much that it is blocking the light from the room. I have pruned it several times but now wish to get rid of it completely. I have cut it down to about two feet above ground level. As my wife and I are now both pensioners we haven't got the health/strength/energy to dig out the roots. Is there any weed killer that we could use or would tree stump killer work on this?",
"It is a very difficult task to dig out the roots of Pampas Grass John, the roots are closely knitted together and you will need a pick axe as well as a sharp spade to try and dig out the roots and I would try the method which you have mentioned. I would use Root Out Stump Killer - which is not only used for tree stumps but also troublesome weeds such as Brambles and Mares Tail. It can be applied in a crystal form and also diluted and watered into the plants. The product is bio degradable and is harmless to pets and children."
]
},
"parsed_md": "BBC - Lancashire - Nature - Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\n * Skip to main content\n * Access keys help\n\nThis page has been archived and is no longer updated. Find out more about page\narchiving.\n\n| 24 September 2014 \n--- \n \nBBC Homepage \n \n--- \n \n * BBC Local\n\n * Lancashire\n\n * Things to do\n\n * People & Places\n\n * * Nature\n\n * History\n\n * Religion & Ethics\n\n * Arts and Culture\n\n * BBC Introducing\n\n * TV & Radio\n\n### Local BBC Sites\n\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * Travel\n\n### Neighbouring Sites\n\n * Bradford\n * Cumbria\n * Isle of Man\n * Liverpool\n * Manchester\n\n### Related BBC Sites\n\n * England\n\n \n \nContact Us \n \n# Features\n\nYou are in: Lancashire > Nature > Features > Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\n## Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\nAll you need to know about your pampas grass plants...\n\nWarton's Bill Blackledge is one of the county's most popular and sought after\ngardeners. If it's green and needs watering, Bill can tell you about it. He\nhas been answering BBC Radio Lancashire listeners' queries for over thirty\nyears, which means he's been there nearly as long as the transmitter!\n\nHis knowledge is encyclopedic. After training at the under the then Ministry\nof Agriculture, Bill spent over twenty years at the Department of Biological\nand Environmental Services at Lancaster University. Now, he's a regular course\ntutor at Alston Hall, Longridge and Lancaster Adult College.\n\nFor three decades, Bill has travelled the county with fellow judges as a\nregional judge for North West in Bloom.\n\nSo, whatever the problem, we like to think Bill can sort it out... at least\nthat's the theory!\n\n\\------\n\n### Sharon Warwick asks...\n\nMy pampas grass is now very large (about 10 years old) and although I have\nbeen pulling out as much of the dead foliage as I can for the last few years\nin spring time it is now almost impossible to access the centre of the plant\nto clear out the dead material. I see you recommend pruning using\nshears/secateurs. If I cut the plant right back to the centre so I can clear\nout the old dead material will I do it any harm? Previously I have only pulled\nout the worst leaves, leaving any newer growth still attached. Many thanks.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nI would not cut right back your Pampas Grass to its centre especially at this\ntime of year Sharon (May), new flowering shoots will now be forming. The time\nfor removing any dead material, especially from the old central area, is\nJanuary/February time when any old and dead material can be cleared out. I\nrealise the difficulty you will have in reaching the centre of the plant but,\nas mentioned above I would refrain from cutting right back at this time of\nyear.\n\n\\------\n\n### Jenny Rice asks...\n\nWhat type of plants can i plant next to my pampas grass if any?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou will Jenny need to choose a plant which will be compatible with your\nPampas Grass and which can also tolerate dry conditions. One plant which would\n'fit the bill' is a Yucca plant, these plants are easy to grow and the smaller\nspecies Yucca Gloriosa Variegata will grow to a height of approximately three\nto four feet producing beautiful spiked flowers. A larger variety is the plain\ngreen Yucca Gloriosa which, again, produces beautiful spiked flowers but will\ngrow into quite large plants. The other alternative would be to grow along\nside your Pampas Grass other grass species such as Miscanthus Sinensis or the\nZebra Grass (Miscanthus Zebrinus).\n\n\\------\n\n### Judy asks...\n\nOur Pampas Grass is growing well and full of lovely plumes (2 Feb), which are\nusually quite bedraggled by August when we are having a garden party. If I\nprune the plumes, will it flower again by end of July?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nThere are approximately 20 species of Pampas Grasses Judy and these species\nwill flower throughout the summer months and also late autumn time and, with\nyour Pampas Grass presently full of plumes it could one of the late autumn\nflowering species. Unfortunately it is difficult to give you a precise answer\nto your question of whether cutting off the plumes now will encourage new\nplumes by end of July. Part of the problem is what species of Pampas Grass is\ngrowing in your garden but, as you will be probably aware if you do cut any\nflowers back you will encourage more flowering stems to form and this could be\nthe case with your Pampas Grass. I am sorry that I cannot be of any more help\nand I am afraid that it will just have to be trial and error.\n\n\\------\n\n### Ann Wardrop asks...\n\nI planted 2 small pampas in my front lawns in September, they haven't grown\nwhich I expected given the season and are now reduced to a bunch of creamy\npaper textured leaves. Are the plants dead or will I see the plants recovering\nin the spring?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia) loves to grow in a sunny position and in a well\ndrained soil and, if your two small plants are growing in water logged\nconditions the roots could quite easily have rotted off. But, during this time\nof year quite a number of leaves of Pampas Grasses do turn brown and have a\ncreamy paper texture and I would therefore leave your plants until early\nspringtime to see if any new shoots appear.\n\n\\------\n\n### Malcolm Hogg asks...\n\nWhat is the best medium for striking pampas grass seed and then potting on?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou can sow your Pampas Grass seed early springtime in a general seed and\npotting compost. The seeds are reasonably easy to germinate and when the\nseedlings are large enough to handle they can be repotted into a three and a\nhalf inch to four inch pot again, using a multipurpose purpose compost. If you\nthen need to repot into a larger container I would use a soil base compost\nsuch as John Innes No2/3 with ten to fifteen per cent additional grit sand\nadded. Pampas Grass thrives in well drained soil and a sunny position.\n\n\\------\n\n### Sam Porter asks...\n\nMy husband gave me a tiny pampas grass to plant at the side of our garden,\nnext to the border, two years ago. It has done very well and is a nice size.\nIt also achieved two plumes, although one was broken off by the children! As\nit has grown, it has taken up a fair amount of lawn. This is not a problem at\nthe size that it is now, but I do not want it to get any bigger. Do I have to\ndig it up and split it every few years, or will cutting it back keep it at a\ncertain size? Also, I do all of the gardening, but my husband will be upset if\nI cut the grass back. I need expert advice explaining why I should cut it\nback. Please advise, thanks.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nDepending on the variety of Pampas Grass you have in your garden Sam the size\nwill vary from five to eight feet tall and four to six feet wide and, to keep\nyour Pampas Grass under control in late winter early springtime trim back all\nthe dead foliage and comb out any dead material from the centre of the plant.\nAn old method used on the dead foliage was to burn the Grass in the winter\nmonths but this is now frowned upon as Ladybirds and Hedgehogs hibernate in\nthe foliage during the winter period. If you feel that your plant is becoming\ntoo large you can trim back some of the tussocks to keep it under control and\npropagation of Pampas Grass can be easily be done by dividing the tussocks\nearly springtime and from seed sowing during March/April time.\n\n\\------\n\n### Tracey Preston asks...\n\nI have had a pampas in a tub for 2 years now. I want to plant it in the\ngarden, when is the best time?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is far too wet at the present time (January) Tracey to transplant your\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia) but, as soon as the weather improves and the soil is\nwarmer - and not frosty - you will then be able to transplant your Pampas\nGrass into your garden. I would work into your soil some well rotted manure\nand also a liberal dressing of a general base fertiliser. Pampas Grass will\ngrow in a wide range of soils providing that the soil is well drained and,\nthey are a very tough plant but a general feed with a base fertiliser such as\nFish Blood and Bone Meal early spring should suffice.\n\n\\------\n\n### Rob Gough asks...\n\nI am shortly moving to a small semi-bungalow which has an old large Pampas\nGrass with a stem aleast 2/3 feet in diameter, growing in the front garden\nabout 3/4 feet from the front bedroom window of the bungalow and also close to\nmy neighbours wall as well. Do you think this plant's roots could damage these\nbungalow's foundations being so close? If I want to get rid of it, could it be\ncut off just below ground level and poisoned to kill it? Would appreciate any\nhelp or views you may have.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass produces very tough spongy compact roots and not a lot of\nactively vigorous tap roots which can be troublesome to foundations during\nvery dry periods. But, as you have mentioned your large Pampas Grass is only\nthree to four feet from the front bedroom window and although it is highly\nunlikely, the roots could still be troublesome to your bungalows foundation\nand your neighbour's wall. You mention 'poisoning' your Pampas Grass and there\nare weedkillers available but you will need to be careful if there are plants\nin close vicinity. If however you have no plants in close vicinity to your\nPampas Grass, I would recommend the weedkiller Rootout. If there are plants\nclose by I would cut your Pampas Grass back and when new shoots and leaves\nappear I would spray with a glyphosate weedkiller such as RoundUp or\nTumbleweed - taking care to protect nearby plants from spray drift.\n\n\\------\n\n### Brian Passey asks...\n\nI have moved a Pampas Grass about two months ago (May). It seems to have\nsurvived the move but nearly all the leaves have brown tips - the end nine\ninches or so. Is this the result of the move, the fault of all the rainfall we\nhave been having, or just something that will repair itself in time.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou will find Brian that Pampas Grass is a very tough plant and I am sure even\nthough the leaves have brown tips your plant will soon recover and the problem\nwill have arisen due to you transplanting your grass. Once your Pampas Grass\nhas become established the new leaves which will appear will I am sure be\nhealthy and next Spring any old leaves can be cut back to encourage more new\ngrowth.\n\n\\------\n\n### Jackie Whitmarsh asks...\n\nAfter trimming my Pampas Grass, I find it appears to be all paper and rotted\nstumps, in the centre at ground level. What can I do to rectify this, if\nanything? Many thanks.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass (Cortaderia Selloana) is a very tough plant Jackie and will\nthrive in a wide range of soils but, the plant does not like waterlogged\nconditions and I am just wondering if this could be the problem with your\nPampas Grass. You will need to remove all the dry leaves from the central area\nof the plant - which will in turn encourage new shoots to appear.\n\n\\------\n\n### Sandra asks...\n\nI have a relatively small pampas grass where some off the plumes have been\nblown over by very strong winds. Do I need to remove these plumes?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIf your Pampas Grass Plumes are completely bent over Sandra you are far better\ncutting these off at base level and although I am not an expert on Floral Art\nI have been told that if you dry the plume stems at room temperature you will\nbe able to use these in floral displays.\n\n\\------\n\n### Roger asks...\n\nI want to plant pampas grass in a small patch about 8x4 which used to be the\npotting shed, it has a soil depth of about 12\" with a concrete bottom. Will\nthe plant grow in this depth? Also I have a white Pampas which I can split up.\nCan I split this now? I want to get a pink one to go alongside, will the two\ngrow together? Can you suggest anything else that will go with these? Thanks\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is going to be very difficult for your Pampas Grass to grow successfully in\ntwelve inches of soil Roger and there is also the added problem of the\nconcrete base which will seriously restrict the root growth of your Pampas\nGrass - also the drainage of the soil will lead to water logged conditions\nduring the winter months. If at all possible I would try and break up the\nconcrete base and remove large parts of it - this will allow the roots to grow\ninto the subsoil and alleviate the above mentioned problems. On the question\nof splitting your Pampas Grass I would wait until early Spring and providing\nyou leave enough space between the Pampas Grasses there is no reason why the\npink and white cannot be grown close together. Regarding other architectural\nplants which will complement your Pampas Grasses I would suggest Yucca\nGloriosa and Phormium Tenax.\n\n\\------\n\n### Nick Regan asks...\n\nI have a pampas plant in the middle of my lawn and want to remove it. What is\nthe best way to do it, or can you recomend a removal specialist?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou will need to wait Nick for a reasonable period of dry weather before\nattempting to remove your Pampas Grass from the middle of your lawn - early\nSpring would be ideal. If you try and lift your plant during November - when\nconditions are wet and damp - you will do endless damage to your lawn. The\nbest way to lift your Pampas Grass, which is a tough plant to remove as the\nroots are very tight and spongy - is with a sharp spade, pick for leverage and\n'brute force'. Regarding your question of hiring a 'removal specialist' I\nwould contact a local Garden Contractor. Good luck!\n\n\\------\n\n### Mary Cooper asks...\n\nIs it possible to split or prune one of those very tough spiky grass-like\nplants that grow quite tall - can't remember what they're called, possibly a\ntype of flax? Mine is getting too big for its position!\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nThe tough spiky grass you have Mary could be the Pampas Grass or it could be\none of the Phormium Species (the New Zealand Flax) Both of these plants can be\nsplit but you would be far better waiting until the Autumn or early next\nSpring.\n\n\\------\n\n### W Donnan asks...\n\nI have a Pampas grass plant with a lot of dead leaves. I have been told it is\npossible to burn out the dead leaves. Is this possible?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is a little late in the year to set fire to your Pampas Grass as there will\nbe plenty of new shoots now appearing which you do not want to damage. You\nwill need to remove the dead leaves and I personally always use a sharp pair\nof shears. I would also recommend that you use a good pair of gloves as the\nleaf edges are very sharp. Regarding burning the leaves off your Pampas Grass\nJanuary or February would be the ideal time but, I would ensure your plant is\nwell away from your house and I would also check your insurance policy!\n\n\\------\n\n### Mairi Morrison asks...\n\nWe have a pampas grass which looks beautiful, is extremely green and healthy\nbut never has any plumes growing from it. We've had it for over four years.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nSome varieties of Pampas Grass do require a number of years before they will\nactually flower and what we have to do with your plant Mairi is to try and\nforce it to flower. I would not water it nor feed it and the dry conditions we\nhave recently had could quite easily force your Pampas Grass to flower.\nBasically it is growing in too rich a soil and is quite happy producing\nhealthy leaves and no flower spikes.\n\n\\------\n\n### Thomas Hall asks...\n\nPlanted a Pampas Grass two years ago, it has thrived, i.e. tall, green and\nhealthy looking but no flowers, those lovely silvery fronds we expected. Why?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nYou have got to ignore your Pampas Grass Thomas - do not water it or feed it\nand the shortage of water plus nutrients will hopefully force your Pampas\nGrass to flower.\n\n\\------\n\n### Diane Taylor asks...\n\nI have a large pampas grass between me and my neighbour's bungalow. We are\nboth in agreement that it is taking a lot of room up and would like to pull it\nup. We would like to know what sort of root it has got and if it will be easy\nto lift. My daughter said that she would have it in her garden but we need to\nknow if our task will be an easy one.\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nThe operation is not going to be easy Diane - the Pampas Grass has a very\ntight spongy and tough root system and, you are going to need at least a pick\nand very sharp spade. What I would suggest you do is to commandeer a couple of\nstrong volunteers to give you a hand - but I would delay the operation until\nthe Autumn. Good Luck!\n\n\\------\n\n### Mair Bissell asks...\n\nI have a large Pampas grass in my garden, what care do I need to give it? Any\nadvice please?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nPampas Grass loves to be planted in a well drained soil and in a sunny\nposition, and when established they are a 'tough customer' and need little\nattention. What you will need to do in the early Spring Mair is to give your\nplant a trim and tidy up by cutting out any of the dead leaves and debris in\nthe centre of the plant. At this time of year you can also give it a general\nfeed with a base fertliser such a Growmore or Fish Blood and Bone Meal.\nApproximately four to six ounces around the base of the plant. If we do have a\nvery dry summer you may need to water the plant but otherwise no attention is\nrequired.\n\n\\------\n\n### John Dunn asks...\n\nAbout 10 years ago my father in law (who passed away 2 years ago) planted a\nPampas Grass in a small plot in front of his living room window. This has\nsince grown so much that it is blocking the light from the room. I have pruned\nit several times but now wish to get rid of it completely. I have cut it down\nto about two feet above ground level. As my wife and I are now both pensioners\nwe haven't got the health/strength/energy to dig out the roots. Is there any\nweed killer that we could use or would tree stump killer work on this?\n\n### Bill replies...\n\nIt is a very difficult task to dig out the roots of Pampas Grass John, the\nroots are closely knitted together and you will need a pick axe as well as a\nsharp spade to try and dig out the roots and I would try the method which you\nhave mentioned. I would use Root Out Stump Killer - which is not only used for\ntree stumps but also troublesome weeds such as Brambles and Mares Tail. It can\nbe applied in a crystal form and also diluted and watered into the plants. The\nproduct is bio degradable and is harmless to pets and children.\n\nlast updated: 16/05/2008 at 09:34 created: 07/03/2007\n\n## SEE ALSO\n\n * Acers\n * Apples\n * Azaleas\n * Bamboo\n * Bay trees\n * Berries\n * Camellia\n * Cherry trees\n * Chillies and peppers\n * Cordylines\n * Cuttings and propagation\n * Damsons and Plums\n * Eucalyptus\n * Flax (Phormiums)\n * Hedges\n * Holly\n * Killing off plants\n * Lawns and grass\n * Magnolias\n * Moving plants\n * Onions and olives\n * Oranges, lemons and limes\n * Pampas grass\n * Pears\n * Pests and diseases\n * Pruning\n * Red Robin (Photinia)\n * Roses\n * Silver Birch\n * Tomatoes\n * Other Fruit & Vegetable questions\n * Willow\n * Yuccas\n * All other gardening questions\n * Ask the Gardener\n\n * Features\n * Nature\n\nYou are in: Lancashire > Nature > Features > Ask the gardener: Pampas grass\n\nHomeEmailPrintTopSite Contents\n\n## See Also\n\n * Features\n * Nature\n\n### On this site\n\n * Acers\n * Apples\n * Azaleas\n * Bamboo\n * Bay trees\n * Berries\n * Camellia\n * Cherry trees\n * Chillies and peppers\n * Cordylines\n * Cuttings and propagation\n * Damsons and Plums\n * Eucalyptus\n * Flax (Phormiums)\n * Hedges\n * Holly\n * Killing off plants\n * Lawns and grass\n * Magnolias\n * Moving plants\n * Onions and olives\n * Oranges, lemons and limes\n * Pampas grass\n * Pears\n * Pests and diseases\n * Pruning\n * Red Robin (Photinia)\n * Roses\n * Silver Birch\n * Tomatoes\n * Other Fruit & Vegetable questions\n * Willow\n * Yuccas\n * All other gardening questions\n * Ask the Gardener\n\nFind a wildlife place or event near you:\n\n## Local history\n\nFind out more about our fascinating history.\n\nBBC Lancashire, Darwen Street, Blackburn, Lancashire, BB2 2EA phone: 01254\n262411 | e-mail: lancashire@bbc.co.uk \n \n--- \nAbout the BBC | Help | Terms of Use | Privacy & Cookies Policy \n---\n\n"
}
] |
9,266,363 | How To Steam Eggplant | To steam eggplant using a metal steamer, spread the eggplant in an even layer on the bottom of your steamer. Make sure to close the lid, then turn the heat to the “high” setting. Steam the eggplant for 10 minutes if you like it slightly crunchy, and up to 25 minutes if you like it soft. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190303200209/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191027001135/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170930223309/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190324071114/http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928002549/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017"
] | train | 2,211 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190303200209/https://www.myrecipes.com/recipe/sesame-steamed-eggplant",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "MyRecipes",
"passages": [
"Welcome! Meredith collects data to deliver the best content, services, and personalized digital ads. We partner with third party advertisers, who may use tracking technologies to collect information about your activity on sites and applications across devices, both on our sites and across the Internet.",
"You always have the choice to experience our sites without personalized advertising based on your web browsing activity by visiting the DAA’s Consumer Choice page, the NAI's website, and/or the EU online choices page, from each of your browsers or devices. To avoid personalized advertising based on your mobile app activity, you can install the DAA’s AppChoices app here. You can find much more information about your privacy choices in our privacy policy. You can make a Data Subject Request at any time. Even if you choose not to have your activity tracked by third parties for advertising services, you will still see non-personalized ads on our site.",
"By clicking continue below and using our sites or applications, you agree that we and our third party advertisers can:",
"process your personal data to serve you with personalized ads, subject to your choices as described above and in our privacy policy."
]
},
"parsed_md": "| MyRecipes\n\n### About Your Privacy on this Site\n\nWelcome! Meredith collects data to deliver the best content, services, and\npersonalized digital ads. We partner with third party advertisers, who may use\ntracking technologies to collect information about your activity on sites and\napplications across devices, both on our sites and across the Internet.\n\nYou always have the choice to experience our sites without personalized\nadvertising based on your web browsing activity by visiting the DAA’s Consumer\nChoice page, the NAI's website, and/or the EU online choices page, from each\nof your browsers or devices. To avoid personalized advertising based on your\nmobile app activity, you can install the DAA’s AppChoices app here. You can\nfind much more information about your privacy choices in our privacy policy.\nYou can make a Data Subject Request at any time. Even if you choose not to\nhave your activity tracked by third parties for advertising services, you will\nstill see non-personalized ads on our site.\n\nBy clicking continue below and using our sites or applications, you agree that\nwe and our third party advertisers can:\n\n * transfer your personal data to the United States or other countries, and\n * process your personal data to serve you with personalized ads, subject to your choices as described above and in our privacy policy.\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191027001135/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/tools-test-kitchen/article/how-to-use-bamboo-steamer",
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"title": "How to Use a Bamboo Steamer to Cook Healthy Meals - Bon Appétit",
"passages": [
"Last year, I bought a cheap bamboo steamer from a restaurant supply store on the Bowery. I needed one for a soup dumpling party I was hosting, and fully expected it to be the kind of throwaway purchase I'd use exactly once and then forget about, like the dozen Chinese soup spoons I also bought for $5. And although I never made soup dumplings again after that party (they were a real...labor of love) and have definitely lost at least six soup spoons, the bamboo steamer has since become one of my most-used kitchen tools. It's easy to clean, makes quick and healthy food, and can be used to cook a wide variety of ingredients. Plus, my meals always seems to get on the table 15 minutes faster. Here's how I use it.",
"Bamboo steamers come in various sizes and tiers. At home, I have a 10\" double- decker that comfortably fits enough food to make a veg-and-protein dinner for two. Our Test Kitchen has a couple that are closer to 30\" across, but for the average kitchen, a 10\" to 12\" version should do nicely, not to mention store easier. The benefit of having a tiered basket is you can cook foods with different cook times at once (more on that in a bit). To get started, I fill a large, shallow sauté pan with an inch or so of water and bring it to a simmer. Once the water's ready, all I have to do is set my steamer directly in the pan, toss in my food, pop the basket lid on, and let the steam work its way through the slats. Our associate food editor and Actual Professional Cook Rick Martinez gently suggested this method may be causing me to slowly and unknowingly burn the bottom of my steamer basket, and suggests using a wok, skillet, or other vessel with sloped sides instead, which will allow the steamer to safely sit suspended above the water and not touch the bottom (teehee).",
"One of my favorite things to make for dinner after a less-than-virtuous weekend is a huge pile of steamed veggies with a miso-based sauce and a little brown rice. My rotation usually includes any mix of asparagus, snap peas, green beans, baby beets, peewee potatoes, broccoli or cauliflower, any squash, enoki mushrooms, and Japanese sweet potato. For perfectly cooked, never-mushy vegetables, arrange your heavier, slower-cooking veg on the bottom tier (that would be your beets, squash, potatoes, etc.) and get those steaming first. While those start cooking, prep more delicate veg like broccoli, asparagus, and mushrooms and arrange them in the second basket. Open the steamer lid and place the second basket on top of the bottom one, put the lid back on, and steam until veg are crisp-tender, about five minutes.",
"I'm a huge fan of doing chicken breasts and fish fillets in the steamer. Both cook up super-fast and don't require any extra oil. I'll line the inside of the basket with a round of parchment paper before placing my protein inside, which not only makes cleanup a breeze later, but it also prevents any unwanted smells from lingering. Another favorite quick dinner: firm or soft tofu steamed until warmed through, then drizzled with soy sauce and toasted sesame oil and topped with a handful of sliced scallions and sesame seeds.",
"Okay, so nothing beats a freshly steamed xiaolongbao bursting with molten, salty-fatty soup. But even a freezer bag of Trader Joe's dumplings feels like an Acceptable Adult Meal when done in the steamer. Again, a round of parchment paper is your friend here—no one wants to spend their evening scraping sticky dumpling skin pieces off that ish. Alternatively, you could use a more traditional bed of Napa cabbage leaves if you're feeling extra-fancy slash also happen to just have Napa cabbage lying around—just make sure to give 'em a spritz of nonstick cooking spray for extra insurance.",
"If you can't get down with water-cooked chicken breasts and squash, up the ante by infusing it with flavor during the cooking process. Try steaming in sake, wine, beer, dashi, or vegetable broth instead of water for a subtle flavor shift. Or add whole sprigs of herbs like cilantro, or thinly sliced scallions, ginger, and garlic directly to the steamer basket with the rest of your food. Experiment! Go crazy! The worst you'll end up with is boozy fish, and ain't nothing wrong with that.",
"It's not dishwasher-safe, but all your steamer needs to stay fresh and clean is a quick scrub under hot water and a good air-dry. Make sure it's completely dry before storing, though you may as well keep it on your countertop—that's how often you're going to be using it.",
"© 2019 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 5/25/18) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 5/25/18) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Use a Bamboo Steamer to Cook Healthy Meals - Bon Appétit | Bon Appétit\n\nSkip to main content\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes\n * Healthyish\n * Basically\n * Restaurants\n * Highly Recommend\n * Podcast\n * Videos\n * Shop\n\ntechniques\n\n# This Kitchen Tool Is Your Golden Ticket to Healthier, Faster Meals\n\nA bamboo steamer feels like the kitchen tool you don't really need—until you\nfind yourself using it every day.\n\nBy\n\nChristina Chaey\n\nApril 29, 2016\n\nChristopher Testani\n\nLast year, I bought a cheap bamboo steamer from a restaurant supply store on\nthe Bowery. I needed one for a soup dumpling party I was hosting, and fully\nexpected it to be the kind of throwaway purchase I'd use exactly once and then\nforget about, like the dozen Chinese soup spoons I also bought for $5. And\nalthough I never made soup dumplings again after that party (they were a\nreal...labor of love) and have definitely lost at least six soup spoons, the\nbamboo steamer has since become one of my most-used kitchen tools. It's easy\nto clean, makes quick and healthy food, and can be used to cook a wide variety\nof ingredients. Plus, my meals always seems to get on the table 15 minutes\nfaster. Here's how I use it.\n\nPhoto: Ethan Palmer\n\nEthan Palmer\n\n#### The Setup\n\nBamboo steamers come in various sizes and tiers. At home, I have a 10\" double-\ndecker that comfortably fits enough food to make a veg-and-protein dinner for\ntwo. Our Test Kitchen has a couple that are closer to 30\" across, but for the\naverage kitchen, a 10\" to 12\" version should do nicely, not to mention store\neasier. The benefit of having a tiered basket is you can cook foods with\ndifferent cook times at once (more on that in a bit). To get started, I fill a\nlarge, shallow sauté pan with an inch or so of water and bring it to a simmer.\nOnce the water's ready, all I have to do is set my steamer directly in the\npan, toss in my food, pop the basket lid on, and let the steam work its way\nthrough the slats. Our associate food editor and Actual Professional Cook Rick\nMartinez gently suggested this method may be causing me to slowly and\nunknowingly burn the bottom of my steamer basket, and suggests using a wok,\nskillet, or other vessel with sloped sides instead, which will allow the\nsteamer to safely sit suspended above the water and not touch the bottom\n(teehee).\n\nPhoto: Christina Chaey\n\nChristina Chaey\n\n#### All the Vegetables\n\nOne of my favorite things to make for dinner after a less-than-virtuous\nweekend is a huge pile of steamed veggies with a miso-based sauce and a little\nbrown rice. My rotation usually includes any mix of asparagus, snap peas,\ngreen beans, baby beets, peewee potatoes, broccoli or cauliflower, any squash,\nenoki mushrooms, and Japanese sweet potato. For perfectly cooked, never-mushy\nvegetables, arrange your heavier, slower-cooking veg on the bottom tier (that\nwould be your beets, squash, potatoes, etc.) and get those steaming first.\nWhile those start cooking, prep more delicate veg like broccoli, asparagus,\nand mushrooms and arrange them in the second basket. Open the steamer lid and\nplace the second basket on top of the bottom one, put the lid back on, and\nsteam until veg are crisp-tender, about five minutes.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSake-Steamed Chicken and Kabocha Squash. Photo: Peden + Munk\n\nPeden + Munk\n\n#### Fish, Chicken, and More\n\nI'm a huge fan of doing chicken breasts and fish fillets in the steamer. Both\ncook up super-fast and don't require any extra oil. I'll line the inside of\nthe basket with a round of parchment paper before placing my protein inside,\nwhich not only makes cleanup a breeze later, but it also prevents any unwanted\nsmells from lingering. Another favorite quick dinner: firm or soft tofu\nsteamed until warmed through, then drizzled with soy sauce and toasted sesame\noil and topped with a handful of sliced scallions and sesame seeds.\n\nPork Soup Dumplings. Photo: Christopher Testani\n\nPhoto by Christopher Testani\n\n#### Dumplings\n\nOkay, so nothing beats a freshly steamed xiaolongbao bursting with molten,\nsalty-fatty soup. But even a freezer bag of Trader Joe's dumplings feels like\nan Acceptable Adult Meal when done in the steamer. Again, a round of parchment\npaper is your friend here—no one wants to spend their evening scraping sticky\ndumpling skin pieces off that ish. Alternatively, you could use a more\ntraditional bed of Napa cabbage leaves if you're feeling extra-fancy slash\nalso happen to just have Napa cabbage lying around—just make sure to give 'em\na spritz of nonstick cooking spray for extra insurance.\n\nScallion Fish with Sesame Kale. Photo: Christopher Testani\n\nChristopher Testani\n\n#### Up the Flavor\n\nIf you can't get down with water-cooked chicken breasts and squash, up the\nante by infusing it with flavor during the cooking process. Try steaming in\nsake, wine, beer, dashi, or vegetable broth instead of water for a subtle\nflavor shift. Or add whole sprigs of herbs like cilantro, or thinly sliced\nscallions, ginger, and garlic directly to the steamer basket with the rest of\nyour food. Experiment! Go crazy! The worst you'll end up with is boozy fish,\nand ain't nothing wrong with that.\n\n#### Bonus: It's a Cinch to Clean\n\nIt's not dishwasher-safe, but all your steamer needs to stay fresh and clean\nis a quick scrub under hot water and a good air-dry. Make sure it's completely\ndry before storing, though you may as well keep it on your countertop—that's\nhow often you're going to be using it.\n\n#### Related: Recover From Your Food Hangover With These 36 Light and Healthy\nRecipes\n\nExplore Bon AppétitTools\n\nRead More\n\n * recipes\n\n### Not My Amu’s Chicken Thigh Biryani\n\nBy\n\nSohla El-Waylly\n\n * recipes\n\n### My Mood Is Dark, But the Soup Is Good\n\nBy\n\nCarla Lalli Music\n\n * basically\n\n### When You're Cooking Dried Beans, You're Already Halfway to Soup\n\nBy\n\nSarah Jampel\n\n * Recipes\n\n### Molly Makes Coconut Grilled Chicken, Steak and Shrimp\n\nBy\n\nBon Appetit\n\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\nrecommendations you trust.\n\n© 2019 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 5/25/18) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated 5/25/18) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon\nAppétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through\nour site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on\nthis site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise\nused, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170930223309/http://www.foodandwine.com/recipes/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-sauce",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce Recipe - Eileen Yin-Fei Lo",
"passages": [
"This is a dish with Sichuan and Hunan roots. Customarily, the eggplant is deep-fried, then stir-fried. I've reduced the fat here by steaming the eggplant instead. The texture is a little bit different, but the flavors are still defined and intense. Satisfying Vegetarian Recipes",
"Slice the eggplants lengthwise 1/2 inch thick, then cut the slices lengthwise into 1/2-inch strips. Put the eggplant on a heatproof plate and steam over boiling water until tender, 20 to 25 minutes. Carefully remove the plate and set aside.",
"Set a wok over high heat for 30 seconds. Add the oil and stir to coat. When a wisp of white smoke appears, add the garlic and stir-fry until golden, about 10 seconds. Stir in the steamed eggplant. Add the stock and cook until the eggplant just falls apart, about 3 minutes.",
"Make a well in the center of the wok, pushing the eggplant up the sides slightly. Stir the sauce and add it to the wok. Stir in the eggplant and cook until bubbling and thick, about 2 minutes. Transfer to a warmed bowl and serve.",
"Food & Wine may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. © 2017 Time Inc. Affluent Media Group. All rights reserved. View Website Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. Your California Privacy Rights. Ad Choices. Users of this site agree to be bound by the Website Terms and Conditions and Privacy Policy. foodandwine.com is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and the MyRecipes Network."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce Recipe - Eileen Yin-Fei Lo | Food & Wine\n\n# Steamed Eggplant with Garlic Sauce\n\nActive Time\n\nN/A\n\nTotal Time\n\nN/A\n\nYield\n\nServes : 4\n\nEileen Yin-Fei Lo February 1997\n\nThis is a dish with Sichuan and Hunan roots. Customarily, the eggplant is\ndeep-fried, then stir-fried. I've reduced the fat here by steaming the\neggplant instead. The texture is a little bit different, but the flavors are\nstill defined and intense. Satisfying Vegetarian Recipes\n\nMore\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * 1 tablespoon dark soy sauce\n * 2 teaspoons oyster sauce\n * 2 teaspoons sugar\n * 1 teaspoon cornstarch dissolved in 1 tablespoon water\n * 1 teaspoon distilled white vinegar\n * 1/2 teaspoon Shao-Hsing wine or dry sherry\n * 1/2 teaspoon crushed red pepper\n * 1/4 teaspoon salt\n * 1 pound medium eggplants, peeled\n * 1 1/2 teaspoons peanut oil\n * 2 teaspoons minced garlic\n * 1 1/2 tablespoons vegetable stock or water\n\n## How to Make It\n\nStep 1\n\nCombine all of the ingredients in a small bowl.\n\nStep 2\n\nSlice the eggplants lengthwise 1/2 inch thick, then cut the slices lengthwise\ninto 1/2-inch strips. Put the eggplant on a heatproof plate and steam over\nboiling water until tender, 20 to 25 minutes. Carefully remove the plate and\nset aside.\n\nStep 3\n\nSet a wok over high heat for 30 seconds. Add the oil and stir to coat. When a\nwisp of white smoke appears, add the garlic and stir-fry until golden, about\n10 seconds. Stir in the steamed eggplant. Add the stock and cook until the\neggplant just falls apart, about 3 minutes.\n\nStep 4\n\nMake a well in the center of the wok, pushing the eggplant up the sides\nslightly. Stir the sauce and add it to the wok. Stir in the eggplant and cook\nuntil bubbling and thick, about 2 minutes. Transfer to a warmed bowl and\nserve.\n\n### Chef's Notes\n\nOne Serving Calories 67 kcal, Total Fat 1.9 gm, Saturated Fat .3 gm.\n\n### You May Like\n\nAggregate Rating value:\n\nReview Count:\n\nWorst Rating:\n\nBest Rating:\n\n### DELICIOUS DEAL\n\n12 ISSUES FOR JUST $12\n\nSubscribe & Save\n\n### Sign Up for Our Newsletter\n\nKeeping you in the know on all the latest & greatest food and travel news, and\nother special offers.\n\nSign up\n\nFood & Wine may receive compensation for some links to products and services\non this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. © 2017 Time\nInc. Affluent Media Group. All rights reserved. View Website Terms and\nConditions and Privacy Policy. Your California Privacy Rights. Ad Choices.\nUsers of this site agree to be bound by the Website Terms and Conditions and\nPrivacy Policy. foodandwine.com is part of the Time Inc. Food Collection and\nthe MyRecipes Network.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190324071114/http://www.thecoastkitchen.com:80/recipes/2014/6/29/steamed-eggplant",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Steamed Eggplant — The Coast Kitchen",
"passages": [
"I used to be really intimidated by cooking eggplant. Looking back on it, I am not entirely sure why. I think one reason might be that I didn't know that eggplant could be steamed. Which is definitely the way to go if you are new to the eggplant game. My sister-in-law Linh made this steamed eggplant dish a few weeks ago. I haven't been able to stop thinking about it since. It is sweet and salty and unexplainably satisfying to eat. I hounded her until she revealed her secrets to me. Which I will now reveal to you!",
"There are many types of eggplants in the nightshade family, which is the same family as peppers and tomatoes. The one pictured above is called Graffiti eggplant, which I had never heard of until about a week ago. It is both beautiful and delicious! Here is a fun round-up of different eggplant varieties and what to do with them.",
"Ingredients: 1 eggplant 1 teaspoon minced ginger 1/4 cup thinly sliced scallions 1/4 cup sesame oil 1/4 cup canola oil (or a comparable neutral vegetable oil) soy sauce kosher salt",
"Cube the eggplant into bite-sized chunks and steam until fork tender. I don't have a steamer basket, so I just put a strainer over a pot of boiling water and threw a lid on it. While the eggplant is cooking, combine ginger, scallions, sesame oil and canola oil over low heat until fragrant (about 8 minutes). Season with salt. Plate the eggplant and drizzle with ginger scallion oil and then soy sauce.",
"You can throw this together in 10 minutes and is a great side dish. Or a snack. Which is how I justify that Mike and I ate it about one minute after I was done photographing it."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Steamed Eggplant — The Coast Kitchen\n\nMenu\n\nStreet Address\n\nOakland, California\n\nPhone Number\n\nRecipes, Photos and Inspiration from the West Coast.\n\nYour Custom Text Here\n\n# Steamed Eggplant\n\nJuly 6, 2014 Liv Maki\n\nI used to be really intimidated by cooking eggplant. Looking back on it, I am\nnot entirely sure why. I think one reason might be that I didn't know that\neggplant could be steamed. Which is definitely the way to go if you are new to\nthe eggplant game. My sister-in-law Linh made this steamed eggplant dish a few\nweeks ago. I haven't been able to stop thinking about it since. It is sweet\nand salty and unexplainably satisfying to eat. I hounded her until she\nrevealed her secrets to me. Which I will now reveal to you!\n\nThere are many types of eggplants in the nightshade family, which is the same\nfamily as peppers and tomatoes. The one pictured above is called Graffiti\neggplant, which I had never heard of until about a week ago. It is both\nbeautiful and delicious! Here is a fun round-up of different eggplant\nvarieties and what to do with them.\n\nIngredients: 1 eggplant 1 teaspoon minced ginger 1/4 cup thinly sliced\nscallions 1/4 cup sesame oil 1/4 cup canola oil (or a comparable neutral\nvegetable oil) soy sauce kosher salt\n\nCube the eggplant into bite-sized chunks and steam until fork tender. I don't\nhave a steamer basket, so I just put a strainer over a pot of boiling water\nand threw a lid on it. While the eggplant is cooking, combine ginger,\nscallions, sesame oil and canola oil over low heat until fragrant (about 8\nminutes). Season with salt. Plate the eggplant and drizzle with ginger\nscallion oil and then soy sauce.\n\nYou can throw this together in 10 minutes and is a great side dish. Or a\nsnack. Which is how I justify that Mike and I ate it about one minute after I\nwas done photographing it.\n\nTags recipe, vegan, vegetarian, summer\n\n## Spring Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nMay 10, 2016\n\nPasta Primavera\n\nMay 10, 2016\n\nMay 10, 2016\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nCitrus Pistachio Salad\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nJun 2, 2015\n\nChickpea + Carrot Sauté\n\nJun 2, 2015\n\nJun 2, 2015\n\nMar 29, 2015\n\nGarlic Miso Dressing\n\nMar 29, 2015\n\nMar 29, 2015\n\nJun 22, 2014\n\nGinger Ice Cream\n\nJun 22, 2014\n\nJun 22, 2014\n\nJun 8, 2014\n\nRoasted Cauliflower & Herb Soup\n\nJun 8, 2014\n\nJun 8, 2014\n\nApr 22, 2014\n\nLemon & Creme Fraiche Mashed Potatoes\n\nApr 22, 2014\n\nApr 22, 2014\n\nApr 16, 2014\n\nGarlic Herb Dressing and a Picnic\n\nApr 16, 2014\n\nApr 16, 2014\n\n## Summer Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nAug 12, 2018\n\nSlow & Low Roasted Tomatoes\n\nAug 12, 2018\n\nAug 12, 2018\n\nJul 16, 2018\n\nApricot Tart\n\nJul 16, 2018\n\nJul 16, 2018\n\nDec 16, 2017\n\nQuick-Pickled Red Onion\n\nDec 16, 2017\n\nDec 16, 2017\n\nJul 28, 2016\n\nMint + Fava Bean Hummus\n\nJul 28, 2016\n\nJul 28, 2016\n\nOct 4, 2015\n\nTomato Tart\n\nOct 4, 2015\n\nOct 4, 2015\n\nSep 2, 2015\n\nButtermilk Potato Salad\n\nSep 2, 2015\n\nSep 2, 2015\n\nJul 26, 2015\n\nSimple Summer Tomato Soup\n\nJul 26, 2015\n\nJul 26, 2015\n\nJun 28, 2015\n\nTahini Carrot Salad\n\nJun 28, 2015\n\nJun 28, 2015\n\nMay 1, 2015\n\nAvocado + Tomatillo Salsa\n\nMay 1, 2015\n\nMay 1, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nMinty Meyer Lemonade\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nOct 16, 2014\n\nBasil Shortbread Cookies\n\nOct 16, 2014\n\nOct 16, 2014\n\nSep 18, 2014\n\nA Farmers' Cookbook- Pt 2\n\nSep 18, 2014\n\nSep 18, 2014\n\nSep 8, 2014\n\nFire-Roasted Tomato Sauce\n\nSep 8, 2014\n\nSep 8, 2014\n\nAug 25, 2014\n\nRoasted Salsa Verde\n\nAug 25, 2014\n\nAug 25, 2014\n\nAug 10, 2014\n\nRaspberry Rum Spritzer\n\nAug 10, 2014\n\nAug 10, 2014\n\nJul 18, 2014\n\nPlum Upside-Down Cake\n\nJul 18, 2014\n\nJul 18, 2014\n\nJul 6, 2014\n\nSteamed Eggplant\n\nJul 6, 2014\n\nJul 6, 2014\n\nJun 29, 2014\n\nNaturally Fermented Pickles\n\nJun 29, 2014\n\nJun 29, 2014\n\nMay 14, 2014\n\nJalapeño Mac & Cheese\n\nMay 14, 2014\n\nMay 14, 2014\n\n## Fall Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nOct 3, 2016\n\nAutumn Cake\n\nOct 3, 2016\n\nOct 3, 2016\n\nOct 27, 2015\n\nFennel + Beef Stew\n\nOct 27, 2015\n\nOct 27, 2015\n\nSep 8, 2015\n\nCheese + Chive Popovers\n\nSep 8, 2015\n\nSep 8, 2015\n\nNov 3, 2014\n\nPepita Kale Salad\n\nNov 3, 2014\n\nNov 3, 2014\n\nSep 28, 2014\n\nLemon Lentil Soup\n\nSep 28, 2014\n\nSep 28, 2014\n\nAug 20, 2014\n\nChicken Orecchiette Soup\n\nAug 20, 2014\n\nAug 20, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nButternut Squash Soup with Parmesan\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\n## Winter Recipes\n\nFeatured\n\nFeb 4, 2017\n\nNutty Maple Shortbread\n\nFeb 4, 2017\n\nFeb 4, 2017\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nCitrus Pistachio Salad\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nMar 9, 2016\n\nJan 19, 2016\n\nCarrot Ginger Slaw\n\nJan 19, 2016\n\nJan 19, 2016\n\nJan 3, 2016\n\nChicory Salad with Crème Fraîche\n\nJan 3, 2016\n\nJan 3, 2016\n\nNov 29, 2015\n\nOrange Pineapple Carnitas\n\nNov 29, 2015\n\nNov 29, 2015\n\nMay 24, 2015\n\nHoney Chocolate Chip Banana Bread\n\nMay 24, 2015\n\nMay 24, 2015\n\nApr 24, 2015\n\nSpicy Braised Pork\n\nApr 24, 2015\n\nApr 24, 2015\n\nMar 15, 2015\n\nOlive Oil + Citrus Cake\n\nMar 15, 2015\n\nMar 15, 2015\n\nFeb 20, 2015\n\nRefried Beans\n\nFeb 20, 2015\n\nFeb 20, 2015\n\nFeb 1, 2015\n\nSalted Caramel Apple Pie\n\nFeb 1, 2015\n\nFeb 1, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nMinty Meyer Lemonade\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nJan 20, 2015\n\nDec 26, 2014\n\nHomemade Hoisin Sauce\n\nDec 26, 2014\n\nDec 26, 2014\n\nNov 30, 2014\n\nSmokey Hot Sauce\n\nNov 30, 2014\n\nNov 30, 2014\n\nOct 28, 2014\n\nChocolate Cayenne Brownies\n\nOct 28, 2014\n\nOct 28, 2014\n\nApr 12, 2014\n\nLime & Smoked Paprika Roasted Chicken\n\nApr 12, 2014\n\nApr 12, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nButternut Squash Soup with Parmesan\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\nMar 23, 2014\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200928002549/https://www.food.com/recipe/steamed-eggplant-with-garlic-and-chilli-139017",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli Recipe",
"passages": [
"Slice eggplant into thin slices and place on a heatproof plate. Place plate in a steamer, cover with lid and steam for 15 minutes."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / Vegetable\n\n# Steamed Eggplant With Garlic and Chilli\n\n(5)\n\nRecipe by melting pot\n\nClassic and simple.\n\n5\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 25mins\n\nSERVES: 4\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 2\n\ntablespoons soy sauce\n\n * 1\n\ntablespoon light-flavoured vinegar (try rice vinegar or white vinegar)\n\n * 1\n\ngarlic clove, crushed\n\n * 1\n\nteaspoon caster sugar\n\n * 1\n\neggplant (about 500g)\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (129) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 4\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 38.7\n\nCalories from Fat 2 g 5 %\n\nTotal Fat 0.2 g 0 %\n\nSaturated Fat 0 g 0 %\n\nCholesterol 0 mg 0 %\n\nSodium 505.2 mg 21 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 8.3 g 2 %\n\nDietary Fiber 4 g 15 %\n\nSugars 3.9 g 15 %\n\nProtein 2.1 g 4 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Combine soy sauce, vinegar, garlic and sugar in a bowl. Set aside.\n * Slice eggplant into thin slices and place on a heatproof plate. Place plate in a steamer, cover with lid and steam for 15 minutes.\n * Pour over sauce and steam for another 5 minutes.\n * Serve sprinkled with 1 finely sliced small red chilli and 1 small handful chopped coriander.\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nSteamed Eggplant With Minced Chicken in Rice Vinegar\n\nby Jeff LimChef166107\n\n(2)\n\nOur 50 Most-Saved Recipes\n\nTop 100 Recipes for Kids\n\n26 Oktoberfest Recipes to Celebrate...\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2020 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n"
}
] |
2,259,684 | How To Make Sweet Potato Fries | To make sweet potato fries, start by peeling some sweet potatoes and cutting them into wedges. Then, toss the wedges with some olive oil in a bowl before adding brown sugar, salt, pepper, paprika, and cinnamon. Next, spread the seasoned wedges out on a lined or greased baking sheet so they're in an even layer. Finally, bake the fries in the oven at 450 degrees Fahrenheit for 15 minutes or until they're browned on the outside. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211010165529/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20181005011456/http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20140118165150/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html"
] | train | 2,654 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211010165529/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/oven_baked_sweet_potato_fries/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe",
"passages": [
"Elise founded Simply Recipes in 2003 and led the site until 2019. She has an MA in Food Research from Stanford University.",
"And once you know how to make them, you will never have an excuse to not cook sweet potatoes again.",
"Munch. Yum. Munch. Yum. I'm still eating them in my mind. I brought these over for my father to try. I think he only got to eat one or two because he was also eating the rest of his dinner, the dinner I abandoned in favor of these.",
"They're really easy to make, too. Just peel a few sweet potatoes, cut them into wedges or rounds, toss with some olive oil, sprinkle with spices, and bake at a high temperature until lightly browned. So good!",
"Sweet potatoes can take high heat, and you might see them and worry they're burned. The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line between browned and burnt beyond edibility.",
"Even if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. But watch carefully to ensure that they don't go from browned to burned.",
"The baking times are approximate; it depends on how thick you cut the wedges or rounds of sweet potatoes. Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about the same rate. For best browning results, bake only one sheet at a time.",
"1 to 2 tablespoons spice or spice combination of your choice: chipotle powder, smoked paprika, Chinese five-spice, pumpkin pie spice, garam masala, Cajun seasoning, etc.",
"Preheat oven to 450°F. (For more crispiness, preheat your oven to 500°F.) Place a roasting pan or heavy duty baking sheet (one that can take high heat) in the oven to preheat.",
"Peel the sweet potatoes and cut off the ends. Cut the potatoes in half lengthwise and then, if they are very long, in half crosswise. Cut each piece into 1/4 to 1/2-inch thick wedges. Alternately, you can slice the peeled sweet potato into disks either with a mandoline or a sharp knife.",
"Put the sweet potatoes into a large bowl and add the oil. Mix well to combine. Sprinkle with salt and spices of your choice. Use your hands to mix well, so all pieces are coated with oil and spices.",
"Remove the preheated baking sheet from the oven. Carefully spread the sweet potatoes out in a single layer on the baking sheet. (Watch out, the pan is hot!)",
"Bake for 15 to 25 minutes. After the first 10 minutes, remove the baking sheet from the oven and use tongs to turn over all of the sweet potato pieces.",
"Cooking time depends on the temperature of the oven (500°F will need less cooking time than 450°F) and the size and thinness of the sweet potato wedges.",
"The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line between browned and burnt beyond edibility. Even if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. So watch carefully.",
"Servings: 4 to 6 Amount per serving Calories| 203 % Daily Value* Total Fat 7g| 9% Saturated Fat 1g| 5% Cholesterol 0mg| 0% Sodium 446mg| 19% Total Carbohydrate 33g| 12% Dietary Fiber 6g| 21% Total Sugars 10g Protein 3g Vitamin C 30mg| 148% Calcium 67mg| 5% Iron 2mg| 9% Potassium 770mg| 16% *The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice.",
"Nutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be considered an estimate. In cases where multiple ingredient alternatives are given, the first listed is calculated for nutrition. Garnishes and optional ingredients are not included.",
"I don't like this at all. It's not the worst. Sure, this will do. I'm a fan—would recommend. Amazing! I love it! Thanks for your rating!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\n\nSimplyRecipes.com\n\n# Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries\n\n## These oven baked sweet potato fries are so addictive! Wedges of sweet\npotatoes, tossed with oil, sprinkled with spices, and baked at high heat until\nbrowned and crispy at the edges.\n\nBy\n\nElise Bauer\n\nElise Bauer\n\nElise founded Simply Recipes in 2003 and led the site until 2019. She has an\nMA in Food Research from Stanford University.\n\nLearn about Simply Recipes' Editorial Process\n\nUpdated June 20, 2021\n\n86 ratings\n\nAdd a Comment\n\n * Pin\n * Share\n * Email\n\nElise Bauer\n\n12 Recipes and Tips for Healthier Snacking\n\nFEATURED IN:\n\nThese. Are. So. Addictive.\n\nAnd once you know how to make them, you will never have an excuse to not cook\nsweet potatoes again.\n\nThose kids who won't eat their veggies? Ha!\n\nThey'll eat so many of these fries, their skin will turn yellow from beta\ncarotene.\n\nMunch. Yum. Munch. Yum. I'm still eating them in my mind. I brought these over\nfor my father to try. I think he only got to eat one or two because he was\nalso eating the rest of his dinner, the dinner I abandoned in favor of these.\n\n## Video: How to Make Sweet Potato Fries\n\n1:07\n\n### Sweet Potato Fries\n\n## How to Make Sweet Potato Fries\n\nThey're really easy to make, too. Just peel a few sweet potatoes, cut them\ninto wedges or rounds, toss with some olive oil, sprinkle with spices, and\nbake at a high temperature until lightly browned. So good!\n\n## How to Season Sweet Potato Fries\n\nSweet potato fries taste great with spices and seasonings such as:\n\n * Chipotle powder\n * Smoked paprika\n * Chinese five-spice\n * Pumpkin pie spice\n * Garam masala\n * Cajun seasoning.\n\nFeel free to use what you like.\n\nElise Bauer\n\n## How to Tell When the Fries Are Done\n\nSweet potatoes can take high heat, and you might see them and worry they're\nburned. The browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine\nline between browned and burnt beyond edibility.\n\nEven if they get really dark, they should still be good because of the natural\nsugars of the sweet potatoes caramelizing. But watch carefully to ensure that\nthey don't go from browned to burned.\n\n## Tips for the Best Sweet Potato Fries Ever\n\n * Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about the same rate.\n * Preheat the oven with the baking sheet inside.\n * For best browning results bake only one sheet at a time.\n * For extra caramelization, sprinkle fries with a little sugar before putting in the oven.\n * Swap out half of the oil with melted butter for some extra flavor\n\n## Love Sweet Potatoes? Check Out These Recipes\n\n * Cider Roasted Root Vegetables\n * Grilled Sweet Potatoes\n * Crispy Sweet Potato Pancake Lettuce Wraps\n * Sweet Potato and Black Bean Tacos\n * Roasted Sweet Potato Quinoa Bowls\n\nFeatured Video\n\n## Oven Baked Sweet Potato Fries\n\nPrep Time 10 mins\n\nCook Time 20 mins\n\nTotal Time 30 mins\n\nServings 4 to 6 servings\n\nThe baking times are approximate; it depends on how thick you cut the wedges\nor rounds of sweet potatoes. Try to cut them evenly so they all cook at about\nthe same rate. For best browning results, bake only one sheet at a time.\n\nFor extra caramelization, sprinkle fries with a little sugar before putting in\nthe oven.\n\nFor extra flavor, try swapping out half of the oil with melted butter.\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 2 pounds orange fleshed sweet potatoes (about 3 large)\n\n * 3 tablespoons extra virgin olive oil\n\n * 1 1/2 teaspoons kosher salt\n\n * 1 to 2 tablespoons spice or spice combination of your choice: chipotle powder, smoked paprika, Chinese five-spice, pumpkin pie spice, garam masala, Cajun seasoning, etc.\n\n### Method\n\n 1. Preheat oven and roasting pan:\n\nPreheat oven to 450°F. (For more crispiness, preheat your oven to 500°F.)\nPlace a roasting pan or heavy duty baking sheet (one that can take high heat)\nin the oven to preheat.\n\n 2. Peel and cut sweet potatoes into wedges:\n\nPeel the sweet potatoes and cut off the ends. Cut the potatoes in half\nlengthwise and then, if they are very long, in half crosswise. Cut each piece\ninto 1/4 to 1/2-inch thick wedges. Alternately, you can slice the peeled sweet\npotato into disks either with a mandoline or a sharp knife.\n\nElise Bauer\n\n 3. Toss with oil, salt, spices:\n\nPut the sweet potatoes into a large bowl and add the oil. Mix well to combine.\nSprinkle with salt and spices of your choice. Use your hands to mix well, so\nall pieces are coated with oil and spices.\n\n 4. Spread out onto preheated pan:\n\nRemove the preheated baking sheet from the oven. Carefully spread the sweet\npotatoes out in a single layer on the baking sheet. (Watch out, the pan is\nhot!)\n\nElise Bauer\n\n 5. Bake:\n\nBake for 15 to 25 minutes. After the first 10 minutes, remove the baking sheet\nfrom the oven and use tongs to turn over all of the sweet potato pieces.\n\nReturn to the oven and bake for another 5 to 15 minutes, or until they are\nwell browned.\n\nCooking time depends on the temperature of the oven (500°F will need less\ncooking time than 450°F) and the size and thinness of the sweet potato wedges.\n\nThe browner they are, the crispier they will be, but there is a fine line\nbetween browned and burnt beyond edibility. Even if they get really dark, they\nshould still be good because of the natural sugars of the sweet potatoes\ncaramelizing. So watch carefully.\n\nElise Bauer\n\n 6. Serve:\n\nWhen ready let the fries cool for 5 minutes before serving.\n\nNutrition Facts (per serving) \n--- \n203| Calories \n7g| Fat \n33g| Carbs \n3g| Protein \n \nShow Full Nutrition Label Hide Full Nutrition Label\n\n×\n\nNutrition Facts \n--- \nServings: 4 to 6 \nAmount per serving \nCalories| 203 \n% Daily Value* \nTotal Fat 7g| 9% \nSaturated Fat 1g| 5% \nCholesterol 0mg| 0% \nSodium 446mg| 19% \nTotal Carbohydrate 33g| 12% \nDietary Fiber 6g| 21% \nTotal Sugars 10g \nProtein 3g \nVitamin C 30mg| 148% \nCalcium 67mg| 5% \nIron 2mg| 9% \nPotassium 770mg| 16% \n*The % Daily Value (DV) tells you how much a nutrient in a food serving contributes to a daily diet. 2,000 calories a day is used for general nutrition advice. \n \nNutrition information is calculated using an ingredient database and should be\nconsidered an estimate. In cases where multiple ingredient alternatives are\ngiven, the first listed is calculated for nutrition. Garnishes and optional\ningredients are not included.\n\nRate This Recipe\n\nI don't like this at all. It's not the worst. Sure, this will do. I'm a\nfan—would recommend. Amazing! I love it! Thanks for your rating!\n\nWhat's in Season - February Produce Guide\n\nSheet Pan Mini Meatloaves with Crispy Broccoli and Mustard Glazed Potatoes\n\n35 mins\n\nRatings\n\nCider Vinaigrette Roasted Root Vegetables\n\n65 mins\n\nRatings\n\nOven-Roasted New Potatoes\n\n50 mins\n\nRatings\n\nAir Fryer Avocado Fries\n\n33 mins\n\nRatings\n\nPotato Skins\n\n110 mins\n\nRatings\n\nHomemade Pepperoni Pizza\n\n25 mins\n\nRatings\n\nYorkshire Pudding\n\n45 mins\n\nRatings\n\nAir Fryer Crispy Cauliflower\n\n17 mins\n\nRatings\n\nAir Fryer Tostones\n\n45 mins\n\nRatings\n\nKnow Your Spices: Garam Masala\n\nEasy Baked Brie in Puff Pastry\n\n35 mins\n\nRatings\n\nNashville Hot Chicken\n\n44 mins\n\nRatings\n\nCreamy Sweet Potato Soup\n\n65 mins\n\nRatings\n\nSpicy Buffalo Chicken Burgers\n\n25 mins\n\nRatings\n\nTandoori Chicken\n\n55 mins\n\nRatings\n\nSimplyRecipes.com\n\nSign up for our weekly newsletters! Ready to cook?\n\n * Recipes\n * Quick & Easy\n * In the Kitchen\n * Buying Guides\n * Holidays & Seasons\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Terms of Use\n * Careers\n * Editorial Guidelines\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Contact\n * California Privacy Notice\n\nSimply Recipes uses cookies to provide you with a great user experience and\nfor our\n\nbusiness purposes.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181005011456/http://articles.latimes.com:80/2011/jul/01/news/la-heb-sweet-potatoes-weight-gain-201100701",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Why sweet potatoes are healthier than white potatoes",
"passages": [
"Sweet potatoes are often regarded as a healthier alternative to the white potato, which has been recently maligned as “Public Enemy No. 1” in America’s battle of the bulge. Some would even say that sweet potatoes are to white potatoes what brown rice is to white.",
"But in a head-to-head comparison, these two tubers are seemingly very similar. In a 100-gram portion, the white potato has 92 calories, 21 grams of carbs, 2.3 grams of dietary fiber, 2.3 g of protein and 17% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C. The same amount of sweet potato, on the other hand, has 90 calories, 21 grams of carbs, 3 grams of fiber, 2 grams of protein, 35% of the recommended daily value of vitamin C and 380% of the daily recommended value of vitamin A.",
"The truth is that not enough data exist to ascertain whether sweet potatoes are having the same impact on Americans’ waistlines as white potatoes, said the authors of last week’s study in the New England Journal of Medicine that looked at dietary and lifestyle factors associated with long-term weight gain. And that is probably because Americans simply do not eat that many sweet potatoes.",
"According to the 2010 census, the average American ate a mere 5.2 pounds of the brightly colored vegetable per year. That’s less than 5% of the average amount of white potatoes each person in the U.S. consumes each year, which totals about 117 pounds.",
"Moreover, other factors, like the preparation method, strongly influence how foods affect weight gain, said Adelia Bovell-Benjamin, a nutritionist and sweet potato expert at Tuskegee University in Alabama. People tend to eat sweet potatoes baked or boiled, not fried, but more than a third of all white potatoes are consumed as either chips or French fries, experts said.",
"Frying potatoes in oil also increases the caloric density, meaning that there are more calories per bite, plus the salt content tends to be high, said Bonnie Liebman, a nutrionist at the Center for Science in the Public Interest. Eating foods that are high in salt is associated with increased risk for high blood pressure, cardiovascular disease and stroke. Neither of these things is a problem with sweet potatoes, she added.",
"Preparation methods being equal, however, the brightly colored roots could still have a leg up. Sweet potatoes are loaded with antioxidants, said Bovell- Benjamin. They are rich in beta-carotene, vitamin C, pro-vitamin E, anthocyanins and sporamins. Studies suggest that eating antioxidant-rich foods could lower the risk of developing certain chronic conditions, like heart disease and cancer. Anthocyanins have been shown to decrease weight gain from high-fat diets in pre-clinical studies in animals, and sporamins may have anti-carcinogenic properties.",
"Sweet potatoes also have a lower glycemic index than regular potatoes. The glycemic index is a measure of how quickly blood glucose levels rise after eating. Foods that have a low glycemic index do not cause a quick spike in blood sugar and thus do not overwork the pancreas, said Bovell-Benjamin. As a result, people don’t experience the same roller coaster of sugar highs and lows, which can lead to hunger and the consumption of extra calories. In other words, foods with lower glycemic indexes, like sweet potatoes and brown rice, make you feel full longer.",
"People rarely eat meals composed of only one food type, so it’s important to take everything in context. A sweet potato isn't really good for you if it’s fried and eaten along with a generous serving of mom’s apple pie."
]
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"parsed_md": "Why sweet potatoes are healthier than white potatoes - latimes\n\nAdvertisement\n\nYOU ARE HERE: LAT Home→Collections\n\n## BOOSTER SHOTS: Oddities, musings and news from the health world\n\n# Sweet potatoes vs. white potatoes: Are both bad for the waistline?\n\nJuly 01, 2011|By Daniela Hernandez, Los Angeles Times/For the Booster Shots\nblog\n\nSweet potatoes have more nutrients than white potatoes, but they're... (USDA )\n\nSweet potatoes are often regarded as a healthier alternative to the white\npotato, which has been recently maligned as “Public Enemy No. 1” in America’s\nbattle of the bulge. Some would even say that sweet potatoes are to white\npotatoes what brown rice is to white.\n\nBut in a head-to-head comparison, these two tubers are seemingly very similar.\nIn a 100-gram portion, the white potato has 92 calories, 21 grams of carbs,\n2.3 grams of dietary fiber, 2.3 g of protein and 17% of the recommended daily\nvalue of vitamin C. The same amount of sweet potato, on the other hand, has 90\ncalories, 21 grams of carbs, 3 grams of fiber, 2 grams of protein, 35% of the\nrecommended daily value of vitamin C and 380% of the daily recommended value\nof vitamin A.\n\nImportantly, both have won Vegetable of the Month designations from the\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention.\n\nGiven this information, it may seem surprising that the sweet potato has a\nbetter reputation than its white cousin.\n\nThe truth is that not enough data exist to ascertain whether sweet potatoes\nare having the same impact on Americans’ waistlines as white potatoes, said\nthe authors of last week’s study in the New England Journal of Medicine that\nlooked at dietary and lifestyle factors associated with long-term weight gain.\nAnd that is probably because Americans simply do not eat that many sweet\npotatoes.\n\nAccording to the 2010 census, the average American ate a mere 5.2 pounds of\nthe brightly colored vegetable per year. That’s less than 5% of the average\namount of white potatoes each person in the U.S. consumes each year, which\ntotals about 117 pounds.\n\nMoreover, other factors, like the preparation method, strongly influence how\nfoods affect weight gain, said Adelia Bovell-Benjamin, a nutritionist and\nsweet potato expert at Tuskegee University in Alabama. People tend to eat\nsweet potatoes baked or boiled, not fried, but more than a third of all white\npotatoes are consumed as either chips or French fries, experts said.\n\nFrying potatoes in oil also increases the caloric density, meaning that there\nare more calories per bite, plus the salt content tends to be high, said\nBonnie Liebman, a nutrionist at the Center for Science in the Public Interest.\nEating foods that are high in salt is associated with increased risk for high\nblood pressure, cardiovascular disease and stroke. Neither of these things is\na problem with sweet potatoes, she added.\n\nPreparation methods being equal, however, the brightly colored roots could\nstill have a leg up. Sweet potatoes are loaded with antioxidants, said Bovell-\nBenjamin. They are rich in beta-carotene, vitamin C, pro-vitamin E,\nanthocyanins and sporamins. Studies suggest that eating antioxidant-rich foods\ncould lower the risk of developing certain chronic conditions, like heart\ndisease and cancer. Anthocyanins have been shown to decrease weight gain from\nhigh-fat diets in pre-clinical studies in animals, and sporamins may have\nanti-carcinogenic properties.\n\nSweet potatoes also have a lower glycemic index than regular potatoes. The\nglycemic index is a measure of how quickly blood glucose levels rise after\neating. Foods that have a low glycemic index do not cause a quick spike in\nblood sugar and thus do not overwork the pancreas, said Bovell-Benjamin. As a\nresult, people don’t experience the same roller coaster of sugar highs and\nlows, which can lead to hunger and the consumption of extra calories. In other\nwords, foods with lower glycemic indexes, like sweet potatoes and brown rice,\nmake you feel full longer.\n\nPeople rarely eat meals composed of only one food type, so it’s important to\ntake everything in context. A sweet potato isn't really good for you if it’s\nfried and eaten along with a generous serving of mom’s apple pie.\n\nMORE:\n\n## Seizure Led to FloJo's Death\n\n## His 104 scores make his case\n\n## Restaurant review: South Beverly Grill\n\n## Brutal Murder by Teen-Age Girls Adds to Britons' Shock\n\n## Comaneci Confirms Suicide Attempt, Magazine Says\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFROM THE ARCHIVES\n\n * More sweet potatoes grace California's farms and Americans... September 5, 2011\n * The Naked Potato September 27, 2000\n * I Yam What I Yam May 21, 1997\n * Avoid Winter Weight Gain : Limit Calories With... January 10, 1985\n\nCopyright 2018 Los Angeles Times\n\nTerms of Service\n\n|\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n|\n\nIndex by Date\n\n|\n\nIndex by Keyword\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20140118165150/http://www.foodnetwork.com/recipes/paula-deen/baked-sweet-potato-fries-recipe/index.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe : Paula Deen : Recipes : Food Network",
"passages": [
"Line a sheet tray with parchment. In a large bowl toss sweet potatoes with just enough oil to coat. Sprinkle with House Seasoning and paprika. Spread sweet potatoes in single layer on prepared baking sheet, being sure not to overcrowd. Bake until sweet potatoes are tender and golden brown, turning occasionally, about 20 minutes. Let cool 5 to 10 minutes before serving.",
"Per Serving (based on 3 servings): Calories: 273; Fat: 9.5g (Saturated Fat: 1g); Protein: 4g; Carbohydrates: 44g; Sugar: 9g; Fiber 7g; Cholesterol: 0mg; Sodium: 1,670mg",
"Get a taste of our upcoming new website, making it easier than ever to find your favorite recipes and shows. Take a Peek"
]
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"parsed_md": "Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe : Paula Deen : Recipes : Food Network\n\n * Watch FN\n * Food Network Magazine\n * Blog\n * Social\n * Videos\n * Full Episodes\n\nFood Network\n\n * Recipes & Cooking\n * Shows\n * Chefs\n * Restaurants\n * Shop Food Network\n\n### Shop by Chef or Show\n\n * Rachael Ray\n * Guy Fieri\n * Ina Garten\n * Ree Drummond\n * More in:\n * Shop All Chefs & Shows\n * Recipes & Cooking\n\n### Shop by Food Network Store Department\n\n * Bakeware\n * Cookbooks\n * Cookware\n * Cook's Tools\n * Knives\n * Small Appliances\n * Store Homepage\n\n### Shop Brands, Gifts & Specials\n\n * Shop Best Brands\n * Specials & Clearance\n * Gift Ideas\n * All Shop Categories\n\n * Healthy Cooking\n * Big Game Bash\n * Quick & Easy\n\n### Inside Quick & Easy\n\n * Weeknight Dinners\n * Healthy Recipes\n * Simple Suppers\n * Meal Makeovers\n * Family Night\n * Appetizers\n * Fan-Favorite Recipes\n * Cheese Guide\n * Easy Italian\n * Kitchen Shortcuts\n * Quick-Fix 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What's Cool!\n * What Would Brian Boitano Make?\n * Will Work for Food\n * Wolfgang Puck\n * Wolfgang Puck's Cooking Class\n * Worst Cooks in America\n\n * Alton Brown\n * Guy Fieri\n * Trisha Yearwood\n * Nancy Fuller\n * Robert Irvine\n * Rachael Ray\n * Ina Garten\n * Chefs A-Z\n\n### Chefs A-ZClose\n\n * Aaron McCargo, Jr.\n * Aaron Sanchez\n * Aarti Sequeira\n * Adam Gertler\n * Aida Mollenkamp\n * Alexandra Guarnaschelli\n * Alton Brown\n * Amy Finley\n * Amy Thielen\n * Anne Burrell\n * Anne Thornton\n * Beau MacMillan\n * Bob Blumer\n * Bobby Deen\n * Bobby Flay\n * Brian Boitano\n * Candace Nelson\n * Cat Cora\n * Chris Cognac\n * Claire Robinson\n * Daisy Martinez\n * Damaris Phillips\n * Danny Boome\n * Darrell \"DAS\" Smith\n * Dave Lieberman\n * Duff Goldman\n * Ellie Krieger\n * Emeril Lagasse\n * Food Network Kitchens\n * Geoffrey Zakarian\n * George Duran\n * Giada De Laurentiis\n * Guy Fieri\n * Ina Garten\n * Ingrid Hoffmann\n * Jack Hourigan\n * Jamie Deen\n * Jamie Oliver\n * Janet Johnston\n * Jeff Corwin\n * Jeff Henderson\n * Jeff Mauro\n * Jim O'Connor\n * John Besh\n * Jose Garces\n * Katie Lee\n * Keegan Gerhard\n * Keith Simpson\n * Kevin Brauch\n * Marc Forgione\n * Marc Summers\n * Marcela Valladolid\n * Mario Batali\n * Mark Dacascos\n * Mary Nolan\n * Masaharu Morimoto\n * Melissa d'Arabian\n * Michael Chiarello\n * Michael Symon\n * Nancy Fuller\n * Nigella Lawson\n * Patrick and Gina Neely\n * Paula Deen\n * Rachael Ray\n * Rahm Fama\n * Ree Drummond\n * Robert Irvine\n * Robin Miller\n * Ron Ben-Israel\n * Sandra Lee\n * Scott Conant\n * Sunny Anderson\n * Ted Allen\n * The Hearty Boys\n * Tom Pizzica\n * Trisha Yearwood\n * Tyler Florence\n * Warren Brown\n\n * By Show\n * By Host\n * By Destination\n * By Location\n\n * Recipe Box\n\nHome> Recipes> Comfort food>\n\nBaked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\n\n# Baked Sweet Potato Fries\n\nRecipe courtesy Paula Deen, 2008\n\nShow: Paula's PartyEpisode: Gotta See TV Party\n\n * Recipe categories: Sweet Potato\n\nmore\n\n * CookingStyle : Healthy\n * Cuisine : American\n * Meal Part : Side Dish\n * Meal Type : Snack , Lunch , Dinner\n * Nutrition : High Fiber , Gluten Free , Heart Healthy , Low Calorie , Low-Cholesterol , Low Fat\n * Season : Fall , Spring , Summer , Winter\n\n * recipe\n * ratings & reviews(106)\n * videos(3)\n\n3 Videos | Photo: Baked Sweet Potato Fries Recipe\n\nRated 4 stars out of 5\n\n * Rate This Recipe\n * Read 106 Reviews\n\nTotal Time:\n\n \n\n35 min\n\nPrep\n\n \n\n5 min\n\nInactive\n\n 10 min\nCook\n\n \n\n20 min\n\nYield:\n\n 3 to 5 servings\n\nLevel:\n\n Easy\n\n * Print Recipe\n * Full-Page View\n * Save to Recipe Box\n * Review Recipe\n\nx\n\n### Save To My Recipe Box\n\nSuccess\n\nThis recipe was saved to your Folder_Name folder.\n\nx\n\n### Save To My Recipe Box\n\nPlease sign in to save this recipe to your Recipe Box!!\n\n * Fall Produce Main\n * Shop the Market With Alex\n * What's in Season Now?\n * More\n\n \n\n25 Characters Max\n\n### Enter Time:\n\n:\n\n:\n\nStart\n\nYou can create up to five timers\n\n©Television Food Network G.P. All Rights Reserved.\n\n## Ingredients\n\n * Olive Oil, for tossing\n * 5 sweet potatoes, peeled and sliced into 1/4-inch long slices, then 1/4-wide inch strips, using a crinkle cut knife\n * 1 tablespoon House Seasoning (recipe follows)\n * 1/2 teaspoon paprika\n\n## Directions\n\nPreheat oven to 450 degrees F.\n\nLine a sheet tray with parchment. In a large bowl toss sweet potatoes with\njust enough oil to coat. Sprinkle with House Seasoning and paprika. Spread\nsweet potatoes in single layer on prepared baking sheet, being sure not to\novercrowd. Bake until sweet potatoes are tender and golden brown, turning\noccasionally, about 20 minutes. Let cool 5 to 10 minutes before serving.\n\nPer Serving (based on 3 servings): Calories: 273; Fat: 9.5g (Saturated Fat:\n1g); Protein: 4g; Carbohydrates: 44g; Sugar: 9g; Fiber 7g; Cholesterol: 0mg;\nSodium: 1,670mg\n\n## House Seasoning:\n\n * 1 cup salt\n * 1/4 cup black pepper\n * 1/4 cup garlic powder\n\nFor the House Seasoning:\n\nMix ingredients together and store in an airtight container for up to 6\nmonths.\n\nPrint Recipe\n\n## Browse Similar Recipes\n\n * Baked Sweet Potato...\n\nBy: Ina Garten\n\n * Sweet Potato Fries\n\nBy: Jeff Mauro\n\n * Sweet Potato Fries\n\nBy: Ree Drummond\n\n * Sweet Potato Garlic Fries\n\nBy: Giada De Laurentiis\n\nView All 11 Potato Collections\n\n## Potato Recipe Collections\n\n * Potato Casserole Recipes(40)\n * Roasted Potato Recipes(252)\n\n * Scalloped Potato Recipes(21)\n * Fries Recipes(120)\n\n * Potato Soup Recipes(234)\n * Sweet Potato Recipes(572)\n\n#### Browse Reviews by Keywordnew!\n\nFlag as inappropriate\n\nThank you! your flag was submitted.\n\n## Next Recipe\n\n### Baked Sweet Potato \"Fries\"\n\nBy: Ina Garten\n\nRated 4 stars out of 5\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### On TV\n\nFull Schedule · Shows A-Z\n\nWhat's Hot\n\n \n\nGuy's Grocery Games\n\nHosted by: Guy Fieri\n\n#### Most Popular Right Now\n\n#### Recipes\n\nSee More Recipes »\n\nBuffalo Chicken Cheese Balls\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n307 Reviews\n\nRoasted Brussels Sprouts\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n409 Reviews\n\nBlondies\n\nRated 5 stars out of 5\n\n70 Reviews\n\n#### Photo Galleries\n\nTop Holiday Cookies\n\nEasy, Elegant Holiday Appetizer Recipes\n\n#### Videos\n\nWatch More Videos »\n\nRee's Holiday Cinnamon Rolls\n\n27153 views 00:03:17\n\nDecadent White Hot Chocolate\n\n21445 views 00:03:31\n\n#### Today's Deal\n\nBrowse More Products »\n\nHungry Girl\n\n$12.20\n\n9-in. 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}
] |
1,474,294 | How To Calculate Arbitrage in Forex | To calculate arbitrage in Forex, first find the current exchange rates for each of your currency pairs on your broker’s software or on websites that list current exchange rates. Next, convert your starting currency into your second, second to third, and then back into your starting currency. For example, convert USD to EUR, EUR to GBP, and then GBP back to USD. Finally, you can determine your profit by subtracting your starting sum from your final number. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190729143559/https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201028201803/https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190331195934/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180106220128/https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp"
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"original_url": "https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190729143559/https://www.investopedia.com/ask/answers/forex/forex-arbritrage.asp",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?",
"passages": [
"Forex arbitrage is a risk-free trading strategy that allows retail forex traders to make a profit with no open currency exposure. The strategy involves acting on opportunities presented by pricing inefficiencies in the short window they exist. This type of arbitrage trading involves the buying and selling of different currency pairs to exploit any pricing inefficiencies. We can better understand how this strategy works through the following example.",
"The current exchange rates of the EUR/USD, EUR/GBP, GBP/USD pairs are 1.1837, 0.7231, and 1.6388, respectively. In this case, a forex trader could buy one mini-lot of EUR for USD 11,837. The trader could then sell the 10,000 Euros for 7,231 British pounds. The 7,231 GBP could then be sold for USD 11,850 for a profit of $13 per trade, with no open exposure as long positions cancel short positions in each currency. The same trade using normal lots (rather than mini-lots) of 100,000 would yield a profit of $130.",
"The act of exploiting the pricing inefficiencies will correct the problem so traders must be ready to act quickly is the case with arbitrage strategies. For this reason, these opportunities are often around for a very short time. Arbitrage currency trading requires the availability of real-time pricing quotes and the ability to act fast on opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are available to aid in this process of finding opportunities in a short window of time.",
"There are many tools available that can help find pricing inefficiencies, which otherwise can be time-consuming. One of these tools is the forex arbitrage calculator, which provides retail forex traders with real-time forex arbitrage opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are sold through third parties and forex brokers. It is essential to try out a demo account first, as all software programs and platforms used in retail forex trading are not one in the same. It is also worth sampling multiple products before deciding on one to determine the best calculator for your trading strategy.",
"A cross-currency transaction is one which involves the simultaneous buying and selling of two or more currencies to exploit currency divergences.",
"Triangular arbitrage involves the exchange of a currency for a second, then a third and then back to the original currency in a short amount of time.",
"Forex (FX) is the market where currencies are traded and the term is the shortened form of foreign exchange. Forex is the largest financial marketplace in the world. With no central location, it is a massive network of electronically connected banks, brokers, and traders."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?\n\n * Education\n\n * General\n\n * Dictionary\n * Economics\n * Corporate Finance\n * Stocks\n * Mutual Funds\n * ETFs\n * Investing/Trading\n\n * Investing Essentials\n * Fundamental Analysis\n * Portfolio Management\n * Trading Essentials\n * Technical Analysis\n * Risk Management\n\n * Markets\n\n * News\n\n * Company News\n * Markets News\n * Trading News\n * Political News\n * Trends\n * Popular Stocks\n\n * Apple (AAPL)\n * Tesla (TSLA)\n * Amazon (AMZN)\n * AMD (AMD)\n * Facebook (FB)\n * Netflix (NFLX)\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Create an Account\n * Join a Game\n * My Simulator\n\n * My Game\n * Create a Game\n\n * Your Money\n\n * Personal Finance\n\n * Wealth Management\n * Budgeting/Saving\n * Banking\n * Credit Cards\n * Home Ownership\n * Retirement Planning\n * Taxes\n * Insurance\n * Reviews & Ratings\n\n * 2019 Broker Awards\n * Fidelity Review\n * Interactive Brokers Review\n * Charles Schwab Review\n * TradeStation Review\n * TD Ameritrade Review\n\n * Advisors\n\n * Your Practice\n\n * Practice Management\n * Continuing Education\n * Financial Advisor Careers\n * Investopedia 100\n * Wealth Management\n\n * Portfolio Construction\n * Financial Planning\n\n * Academy\n\n * Popular Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Become a Day Trader\n * Trading for Beginners\n * Technical Analysis\n * Courses by Topic\n\n * All Courses\n * Trading Courses\n * Investing Courses\n * Financial Professional Courses\n\n * Login\n * Newsletters\n\nForex & Currencies Trading\n\n * Forex Trading Strategy & Education\n * Advanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\nForex & Currencies Trading Advanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\n# How to Use an Arbitrage Strategy in Forex Trading?\n\n * FACEBOOK\n * TWITTER\n * LINKEDIN\n\nBy Nick K. Lioudis\n\nUpdated Jun 25, 2019\n\nForex arbitrage is a risk-free trading strategy that allows retail forex\ntraders to make a profit with no open currency exposure. The strategy involves\nacting on opportunities presented by pricing inefficiencies in the short\nwindow they exist. This type of arbitrage trading involves the buying and\nselling of different currency pairs to exploit any pricing inefficiencies. We\ncan better understand how this strategy works through the following example.\n\n### Example: Arbitrage Currency Trading\n\nThe current exchange rates of the EUR/USD, EUR/GBP, GBP/USD pairs are 1.1837,\n0.7231, and 1.6388, respectively. In this case, a forex trader could buy one\nmini-lot of EUR for USD 11,837. The trader could then sell the 10,000 Euros\nfor 7,231 British pounds. The 7,231 GBP could then be sold for USD 11,850 for\na profit of $13 per trade, with no open exposure as long positions cancel\nshort positions in each currency. The same trade using normal lots (rather\nthan mini-lots) of 100,000 would yield a profit of $130.\n\nThe act of exploiting the pricing inefficiencies will correct the problem so\ntraders must be ready to act quickly is the case with arbitrage strategies.\nFor this reason, these opportunities are often around for a very short time.\nArbitrage currency trading requires the availability of real-time pricing\nquotes and the ability to act fast on opportunities. Forex arbitrage\ncalculators are available to aid in this process of finding opportunities in a\nshort window of time.\n\n### Forex Arbitrage Calculator\n\nThere are many tools available that can help find pricing inefficiencies,\nwhich otherwise can be time-consuming. One of these tools is the forex\narbitrage calculator, which provides retail forex traders with real-time forex\narbitrage opportunities. Forex arbitrage calculators are sold through third\nparties and forex brokers. It is essential to try out a demo account first, as\nall software programs and platforms used in retail forex trading are not one\nin the same. It is also worth sampling multiple products before deciding on\none to determine the best calculator for your trading strategy.\n\nFor further reading on the fundamentals of forex trading, see \"Getting Started\nin Forex.\"\n\nCompare Investment Accounts\n\nProvider\n\nName\n\nDescription\n\n×\n\nThe offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which\nInvestopedia receives compensation.\n\n### Related Articles\n\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\n\n### How to Choose a Forex Broker: Everything You Need to Know\n\nAdvanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\n### A Primer On Cross Currency Triangulation\n\nFinancial Technology & Automated Investing\n\n### How do I use software to make arbitrage trades?\n\nAdvanced Forex Trading Concepts\n\n### Using Currency Correlations To Your Advantage\n\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\n\n### Learn About Trading FX with This Beginner's Guide to Forex Trading\n\nForex Trading Strategy & Education\n\n### 6 Questions About Currency Trading\n\nPartner Links\n\n### Related Terms\n\nForex Arbitrage Definition\n\nForex arbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of currency in two\ndifferent markets to exploit short-term pricing inefficiency.\n\nmore\n\nCross-Currency Transaction Definition\n\nA cross-currency transaction is one which involves the simultaneous buying and\nselling of two or more currencies to exploit currency divergences.\n\nmore\n\nTriangular Arbitrage Definition\n\nTriangular arbitrage involves the exchange of a currency for a second, then a\nthird and then back to the original currency in a short amount of time.\n\nmore\n\nForex (FX) Definition and Uses\n\nForex (FX) is the market where currencies are traded and the term is the\nshortened form of foreign exchange. Forex is the largest financial marketplace\nin the world. With no central location, it is a massive network of\nelectronically connected banks, brokers, and traders.\n\nmore\n\nCurrency Arbitrage Definition\n\nCurrency arbitrage is the act of buying and selling currencies instantaneously\nfor a riskless profit.\n\nmore\n\nDual Currency Service\n\nA dual currency service allows investors to speculate on exchange rate\nmovement between two currencies.\n\nmore\n\n * Terms\n * News\n * Tutorials\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Careers\n\n * #\n * a\n * b\n * c\n * d\n * e\n * f\n * g\n * h\n * i\n * j\n * k\n * l\n * m\n * n\n * o\n * p\n * q\n * r\n * s\n * t\n * u\n * v\n * w\n * x\n * y\n * z\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201028201803/https://www.forexcrunch.com/forex-arbitrage-theory-and-reality/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality",
"passages": [
"Arbitrage trading is a risk free way of making money by tapping into gaps that may occur. Theoretically, arbitrage trading can be done in forex by enjoying the fractions of pips that are missed in crosses. Here’s how it works – in theory. In practice, remember that forex trading isn’t easy money.",
"Did you ever try to calculate the price of a cross pair by yourself? Crosses such as GBP/AUD or NZD/CAD don’t necessarily appear by default on your site’s quote list. But even for popular pairs, did you see the full triangular connection? Sometimes a pip or more are missing:",
"At the time of writing, EUR/USD is priced at 1.3339, GBP/USD at 1.5343 and EUR/GBP at 0.8688. Buying a standard lot of 100,000 pounds would cost 153,430 dollars, according to GBP/USD. These 100,000 pounds could be sold for euros, according to EUR/GBP and get the trader 115,101. Now these euros could buy back 153,533 US dollars.",
"So, all in all we paid 153,430 and got 153,533 back – a profit of 103 dollars. If this kind of trading is risk free, why settle for one standard lot -why not 10 or 100?",
"One of the reasons for these gaps is that the representation for the crosses isn’t complete – if you make the calculation by yourself, you’ll see many more digits – these fractions of pips make the arbitrage gap. Some brokers take this into consideration and show more digits, narrowing down the gap.",
"And when the gap is narrow, the broker’s revenue kicks in. This gap may be filled by the spreads – try calculating the cross by using the correct bid or ask values, and you might find that there’s no arbitrage – such a deal will always lose.",
"The same applies for brokers that charge a commission for every deal – the commission may erase your theoretical profit.",
"Even if you’ve identified a genuine gap, are you quick enough to act? Probably not. Even if you use some kind of signal service to give you an alert ons such an arbitrage opportunity, you might blink and miss your chance. There are many forex arbitrage calculators out there – you be careful with them.",
"Another option is that you might be lucky and the price moves with you – making you a bigger profit than expected. But it might go the other way and cause you loss in this “risk free” method.",
"Another note: trying out this method on a forex demo account might be interesting, but can’t be trusted – the quotes in demo accounts sometimes lag – the gaps could be the result of this issue. You can see this work many times in demo account, but fail in a real account. I highly recommend a demo account for many purposes, but in case of this forex arbitrage, it just won’t work.",
"Yohay Elam – Founder, Writer and Editor I have been into forex trading for over 5 years, and I share the experience that I have and the knowledge that I’ve accumulated. After taking a short course about forex. Like many forex traders, I’ve earned a significant share of my knowledge the hard way. Macroeconomics, the impact of news on the ever-moving currency markets and trading psychology have always fascinated me. Before founding Forex Crunch, I’ve worked as a programmer in various hi-tech companies. I have a B. Sc. in Computer Science from Ben Gurion University. Given this background, forex software has a relatively bigger share in the posts. Yohay's Google Profile",
"Forex Crunch is a site all about the foreign exchange market, which consists of news, opinions, daily and weekly forex analysis, technical analysis, tutorials, basics of the forex market, forex software posts, insights about the forex industry and whatever is related to Forex.",
"Foreign exchange (Forex) trading carries a high level of risk and may not be suitable for all investors. The risk grows as the leverage is higher. Investment objectives, risk appetite and the trader's level of experience should be carefully weighed before entering the Forex market. There is always a possibility of losing some or all of your initial investment / deposit, so you should not invest money which you cannot afford to lose. The high risk that is involved with currency trading must be known to you. Please ask for advice from an independent financial advisor before entering this market. Any comments made on Forex Crunch or on other sites that have received permission to republish the content originating on Forex Crunch reflect the opinions of the individual authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of any of Forex Crunch's authorized authors. Forex Crunch has not verified the accuracy or basis-in-fact of any claim or statement made by any independent author: Omissions and errors may occur. Any news, analysis, opinion, price quote or any other information contained on Forex Crunch and permitted re-published content should be taken as general market commentary. This is by no means investment advice. Forex Crunch will not accept liability for any damage, loss, including without limitation to, any profit or loss, which may either arise directly or indirectly from use of such information."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Forex Arbitrage - Theory and Reality | Forex Crunch\n\nLatest\n\n * Canada: BoC makes a needed QE recalibration NFB\n * How three US election outcomes (and a contested result) could rock the dollar\n * Germany’s Merkel: We call on citizens to call off all non-essential travel\n * Gold Price Analysis: XAU/USD hits fresh monthly lows near $1,870 and remains vulnerable\n * Yearn Finance developer Andre Cronje launches new KP3R token, skyrockets 2,000% within hours\n * German government, states agree on coronavirus aid package worth up to €10 billion – Reuters\n * Coronavirus update UK: 24,701 new cases confirmed on Wednesday, 310 fatalities\n * USD/CAD: Messy US election to inspire a push towards 1.35 – TDS\n\nYou are at:Home»Basics & Industry»Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality\n\n# Forex Arbitrage – Theory and Reality\n\n0\n\nBy Yohay Elam Published: May 14, 2010 20:00 GMT | Last Modified: Jan 2, 2011\n01:58 GMT Basics & Industry, Forex Basics\n\nArbitrage trading is a risk free way of making money by tapping into gaps that\nmay occur. Theoretically, arbitrage trading can be done in forex by enjoying\nthe fractions of pips that are missed in crosses. Here’s how it works – in\ntheory. In practice, remember that forex trading isn’t easy money.\n\nDid you ever try to calculate the price of a cross pair by yourself? Crosses\nsuch as GBP/AUD or NZD/CAD don’t necessarily appear by default on your site’s\nquote list. But even for popular pairs, did you see the full triangular\nconnection? Sometimes a pip or more are missing:\n\nThe theory\n\nAt the time of writing, EUR/USD is priced at 1.3339, GBP/USD at 1.5343 and\nEUR/GBP at 0.8688. Buying a standard lot of 100,000 pounds would cost 153,430\ndollars, according to GBP/USD. These 100,000 pounds could be sold for euros,\naccording to EUR/GBP and get the trader 115,101. Now these euros could buy\nback 153,533 US dollars.\n\nSo, all in all we paid 153,430 and got 153,533 back – a profit of 103 dollars.\nIf this kind of trading is risk free, why settle for one standard lot -why not\n10 or 100?\n\nThe reality\n\nOne of the reasons for these gaps is that the representation for the crosses\nisn’t complete – if you make the calculation by yourself, you’ll see many more\ndigits – these fractions of pips make the arbitrage gap. Some brokers take\nthis into consideration and show more digits, narrowing down the gap.\n\nAnd when the gap is narrow, the broker’s revenue kicks in. This gap may be\nfilled by the spreads – try calculating the cross by using the correct bid or\nask values, and you might find that there’s no arbitrage – such a deal will\nalways lose.\n\nThe same applies for brokers that charge a commission for every deal – the\ncommission may erase your theoretical profit.\n\nEven if you’ve identified a genuine gap, are you quick enough to act? Probably\nnot. Even if you use some kind of signal service to give you an alert ons such\nan arbitrage opportunity, you might blink and miss your chance. There are many\nforex arbitrage calculators out there – you be careful with them.\n\nAnother option is that you might be lucky and the price moves with you –\nmaking you a bigger profit than expected. But it might go the other way and\ncause you loss in this “risk free” method.\n\nAnother note: trying out this method on a forex demo account might be\ninteresting, but can’t be trusted – the quotes in demo accounts sometimes lag\n– the gaps could be the result of this issue. You can see this work many times\nin demo account, but fail in a real account. I highly recommend a demo account\nfor many purposes, but in case of this forex arbitrage, it just won’t work.\n\nWant to see what other traders are doing in real accounts? Check out\nCurrensee. It’s free.\n\nGet the 5 most predictable currency pairs\n\nPrevious ArticleEUR/USD Candle Breakout Update\n\nNext Article One Million Trades on Currensee\n\n### About Author\n\nYohay Elam\n\n * Website\n\nYohay Elam – Founder, Writer and Editor I have been into forex trading for\nover 5 years, and I share the experience that I have and the knowledge that\nI’ve accumulated. After taking a short course about forex. Like many forex\ntraders, I’ve earned a significant share of my knowledge the hard way.\nMacroeconomics, the impact of news on the ever-moving currency markets and\ntrading psychology have always fascinated me. Before founding Forex Crunch,\nI’ve worked as a programmer in various hi-tech companies. I have a B. Sc. in\nComputer Science from Ben Gurion University. Given this background, forex\nsoftware has a relatively bigger share in the posts. Yohay's Google Profile\n\nComments are closed.\n\n * ### Top Brokers\n\n * ### About ForexCrunch\n\nForex Crunch is a site all about the foreign exchange market, which consists\nof news, opinions, daily and weekly forex analysis, technical analysis,\ntutorials, basics of the forex market, forex software posts, insights about\nthe forex industry and whatever is related to Forex.\n\nRead More\n\n * ### Follow us\n\n * ### Useful Links\n\n * About\n * The Forex Crunch Team\n * Contact Us\n * Advertising\n * Forex Tools\n\n * ### Recent Updates\n\n * Canada: BoC makes a needed QE recalibration NFB\n * How three US election outcomes (and a contested result) could rock the dollar\n * Germany’s Merkel: We call on citizens to call off all non-essential travel\n * Gold Price Analysis: XAU/USD hits fresh monthly lows near $1,870 and remains vulnerable\n * Yearn Finance developer Andre Cronje launches new KP3R token, skyrockets 2,000% within hours\n * ### Disclaimer\n\nForeign exchange (Forex) trading carries a high level of risk and may not be\nsuitable for all investors. The risk grows as the leverage is higher.\nInvestment objectives, risk appetite and the trader's level of experience\nshould be carefully weighed before entering the Forex market. There is always\na possibility of losing some or all of your initial investment / deposit, so\nyou should not invest money which you cannot afford to lose. The high risk\nthat is involved with currency trading must be known to you. Please ask for\nadvice from an independent financial advisor before entering this market. Any\ncomments made on Forex Crunch or on other sites that have received permission\nto republish the content originating on Forex Crunch reflect the opinions of\nthe individual authors and do not necessarily represent the opinions of any of\nForex Crunch's authorized authors. Forex Crunch has not verified the accuracy\nor basis-in-fact of any claim or statement made by any independent author:\nOmissions and errors may occur. Any news, analysis, opinion, price quote or\nany other information contained on Forex Crunch and permitted re-published\ncontent should be taken as general market commentary. This is by no means\ninvestment advice. Forex Crunch will not accept liability for any damage,\nloss, including without limitation to, any profit or loss, which may either\narise directly or indirectly from use of such information.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190331195934/https://www.investopedia.com/terms/a/arbitrage.asp",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Arbitrage",
"passages": [
"Arbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset to profit from an imbalance in the price. It is a trade that profits by exploiting the price differences of identical or similar financial instruments on different markets or in different forms. Arbitrage exists as a result of market inefficiencies and would therefore not exist if all markets were perfectly efficient.",
"Arbitrage occurs when a security is purchased in one market and simultaneously sold in another market at a higher price, thus considered to be risk-free profit for the trader. Arbitrage provides a mechanism to ensure prices do not deviate substantially from fair value for long periods of time. With advancements in technology, it has become extremely difficult to profit from pricing errors in the market. Many traders have computerized trading systems set to monitor fluctuations in similar financial instruments. Any inefficient pricing setups are usually acted upon quickly, and the opportunity is often eliminated in a matter of seconds. Arbitrage is a necessary force in the financial marketplace.",
"As a simple example of arbitrage, consider the following. The stock of Company X is trading at $20 on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) while, at the same moment, it is trading for $20.05 on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). A trader can buy the stock on the NYSE and immediately sell the same shares on the LSE, earning a profit of 5 cents per share. The trader could continue to exploit this arbitrage until the specialists on the NYSE run out of inventory of Company X's stock, or until the specialists on the NYSE or LSE adjust their prices to wipe out the opportunity.",
"Though this is not the most complicated arbitrage strategy in use, this example of triangular arbitrage is more complex than the above example. In triangular arbitrage, a trader converts one currency to another at one bank, converts that second currency to another at a second bank, and finally converts the third currency back to the original at a third bank. The same bank would have the information efficiency to ensure all of its currency rates were aligned, requiring the use of different financial institutions for this strategy.",
"For example, assume you begin with $2 million. You see that at three different institutions the following currency exchange rates are immediately available:",
"First, you would convert the $2 million to euros at the 0.894 rate, giving you 1,788,000 euros. Next, you would take the 1,788,000 euros and convert them to pounds at the 1.276 rate, giving you 1,401,254 pounds. Next, you would take the pounds and convert them back to U.S. dollars at the 1.432 rate, giving you $2,006,596. Your total risk-free arbitrage profit would be $6,596.",
"Dividend arbitrage is an options trading strategy that involves purchasing puts and stock before the ex-dividend date and then exercising the put.",
"Tax arbitrage is the practice of profiting from differences that arise from the ways transactions are treated for tax purposes.",
"Convertible arbitrage is a trading strategy that involves taking a long position in a convertible security and a short position in the underlying common stock.",
"A desk trader is a financial trader who is restricted to instituting trades for a firm's clients and who is unable to trade with his/her firm's own accounts."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Arbitrage\n\n * Education\n\n * Reference\n\n * Dictionary\n * Investing 101\n * The 4 Best S&P; 500 Index Funds\n * World's Top 20 Economies\n * Stock Basics Tutorial\n * Options Basics Tutorial\n * Economics Basics\n * Topics\n\n * Stocks\n * Mutual Funds\n * Options\n * Tech\n * ETFs\n * Bonds/Fixed Income\n * Commodities\n\n * Markets\n\n * News\n\n * Watchlist\n * Company News\n * Market/Economy News\n * Popular Stocks\n\n * Apple (AAPL)\n * Tesla (TSLA)\n * Amazon (AMZN)\n * AMD (AMD)\n * Facebook (FB)\n * Netflix (NFLX)\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Simulator\n\n * Create an Account\n * Join a Game\n * My Simulator\n\n * My Game\n * Create a Game\n\n * Your Money\n\n * Personal Finance\n\n * Credit\n * Budgeting/Saving\n * Taxes\n * Retirement\n * Mortgage\n * Insurance\n * Small Business\n * Wealth Management\n * Reviews & Ratings\n\n * Broker Reviews\n * Charles Schwab Review\n * E*TRADE Review\n * Robinhood Review\n\n * Advisors\n\n * Financial Advice\n\n * Advisor Insights\n * Investopedia 100\n * For Financial Advisors\n\n * Join Advisor Insights\n * Your Practice\n\n * Academy\n\n * Popular Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Become a Day Trader\n * Trading for Beginners\n * Technical Analysis\n * Courses by Topic\n\n * All Courses\n * Trading Courses\n * Investing Courses\n * Financial Professional Courses\n\n * Login\n * Advisor Login\n * Newsletters\n\nInvesting\n\n * Financial Analysis\n * Investing Strategy\n * Bonds / Fixed Income\n * Mutual Funds\n * Stocks\n * ETFs\n * Real Estate\n * International / Global\n * Alternative Investments\n * Commodities\n * Asset Allocation\n * Annuities\n * Brokerages\n * Options\n * Futures\n * Sustainable Investing\n\nInvesting Investing Strategy\n\n# Arbitrage\n\nReviewed by James Chen\n\nUpdated Oct 22, 2018\n\n### What is Arbitrage\n\nArbitrage is the simultaneous purchase and sale of an asset to profit from an\nimbalance in the price. It is a trade that profits by exploiting the price\ndifferences of identical or similar financial instruments on different markets\nor in different forms. Arbitrage exists as a result of market inefficiencies\nand would therefore not exist if all markets were perfectly efficient.\n\n### BREAKING DOWN Arbitrage\n\nArbitrage occurs when a security is purchased in one market and simultaneously\nsold in another market at a higher price, thus considered to be risk-free\nprofit for the trader. Arbitrage provides a mechanism to ensure prices do not\ndeviate substantially from fair value for long periods of time. With\nadvancements in technology, it has become extremely difficult to profit from\npricing errors in the market. Many traders have computerized trading systems\nset to monitor fluctuations in similar financial instruments. Any inefficient\npricing setups are usually acted upon quickly, and the opportunity is often\neliminated in a matter of seconds. Arbitrage is a necessary force in the\nfinancial marketplace.\n\nTo understand more about this concept and different types of arbitrage, read\nTrading the Odds With Arbitrage.\n\n### A Simple Arbitrage Example\n\nAs a simple example of arbitrage, consider the following. The stock of Company\nX is trading at $20 on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) while, at the same\nmoment, it is trading for $20.05 on the London Stock Exchange (LSE). A trader\ncan buy the stock on the NYSE and immediately sell the same shares on the LSE,\nearning a profit of 5 cents per share. The trader could continue to exploit\nthis arbitrage until the specialists on the NYSE run out of inventory of\nCompany X's stock, or until the specialists on the NYSE or LSE adjust their\nprices to wipe out the opportunity.\n\n### A Complicated Arbitrage Example\n\nThough this is not the most complicated arbitrage strategy in use, this\nexample of triangular arbitrage is more complex than the above example. In\ntriangular arbitrage, a trader converts one currency to another at one bank,\nconverts that second currency to another at a second bank, and finally\nconverts the third currency back to the original at a third bank. The same\nbank would have the information efficiency to ensure all of its currency rates\nwere aligned, requiring the use of different financial institutions for this\nstrategy.\n\nFor example, assume you begin with $2 million. You see that at three different\ninstitutions the following currency exchange rates are immediately available:\n\n * Institution 1: Euros/USD = 0.894\n * Institution 2: Euros/British pound = 1.276\n * Institution 3: USD/British pound = 1.432\n\nFirst, you would convert the $2 million to euros at the 0.894 rate, giving you\n1,788,000 euros. Next, you would take the 1,788,000 euros and convert them to\npounds at the 1.276 rate, giving you 1,401,254 pounds. Next, you would take\nthe pounds and convert them back to U.S. dollars at the 1.432 rate, giving you\n$2,006,596. Your total risk-free arbitrage profit would be $6,596.\n\nCompare Popular Online Brokers\n\nProvider\n\nName\n\nDescription\n\n×\n\nThe offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which\nInvestopedia receives compensation.\n\n### Related Terms\n\nDividend Arbitrage\n\nDividend arbitrage is an options trading strategy that involves purchasing\nputs and stock before the ex-dividend date and then exercising the put.\n\nmore\n\nTax Arbitrage\n\nTax arbitrage is the practice of profiting from differences that arise from\nthe ways transactions are treated for tax purposes.\n\nmore\n\nConvertible Arbitrage\n\nConvertible arbitrage is a trading strategy that involves taking a long\nposition in a convertible security and a short position in the underlying\ncommon stock.\n\nmore\n\nPositive Carry\n\nPositive carry is a strategy of holding two offsetting positions and profiting\nfrom a price difference.\n\nmore\n\nInternational Depository Receipt (IDR)\n\nAn international depository receipt or IDR is a negotiable certificate that a\nbank issues.\n\nmore\n\nDesk Trader\n\nA desk trader is a financial trader who is restricted to instituting trades\nfor a firm's clients and who is unable to trade with his/her firm's own\naccounts.\n\nmore\n\nPartner Links\n\n### Related Articles\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### How do I use software to make arbitrage trades?\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### How Statistical Arbitrage Can Lead to Big Profits\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### Arbitrage Pricing Theory: It's Not Just Fancy Math\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### What Type of Trader Are You?\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### What Is Spread Betting?\n\nInvesting Strategy\n\n### The Pros and Cons of a Fully Convertible Rupee\n\n * Terms\n * News\n * Tutorials\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Careers\n\n * #\n * a\n * b\n * c\n * d\n * e\n * f\n * g\n * h\n * i\n * j\n * k\n * l\n * m\n * n\n * o\n * p\n * q\n * r\n * s\n * t\n * u\n * v\n * w\n * x\n * y\n * z\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180106220128/https://www.investopedia.com/articles/trading/03/091703.asp",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "A Primer On The Forex Market",
"passages": [
"With the widespread availability of electronic trading networks, trading currencies is now more accessible than ever. The foreign exchange market, or forex, is notoriously the domain of commercial and investment banks, not to mention hedge funds and massive international corporations. At first glance, the presence of such heavyweight entities may appear daunting to the individual investor. But the presence of such powerful groups and such a massive international market can also work to the benefit of the individual trader. The forex market offers trading 24 hours a day, five days a week. It is the largest and most liquid market in the world. According to Bank For International Settlement, trading in foreign exchange markets averaged 5.3 trillion per day in 2013.",
"Trading Opportunities The sheer number of currencies traded serves to ensure an extreme level of day-to-day volatility. There will always be currencies that are moving rapidly up or down, offering opportunities for profit (and commensurate risk) to astute traders. Yet, like the equity markets, forex offers plenty of instruments to mitigate risk and allows the individual to profit in both rising and falling markets. Forex also allows highly leveraged trading with low margin requirements relative to its equity counterparts.",
"Many instruments utilized in forex - such as forwards and futures, options, spread betting, contracts for difference (CFD) and the spot market - will appear similar to those used in the equity markets. Since the instruments on the forex market often maintain minimum trade sizes in terms of the base currencies (the spot market, for example, requires a minimum trade size of 100,000 units of the base currency), the use of margin is absolutely essential for the person trading these instruments.",
"Buying and Selling Currencies Regarding the specifics of buying and selling on forex, it is important to note that currencies are always priced in pairs. All trades result in the simultaneous purchase of one currency and the sale of another. This necessitates a slightly different mode of thinking than the way required by equity markets. While trading on the forex market, you would execute a trade only at a time when you expect the currency you are buying to increase in value relative to the one you are selling.",
"Base and Counter Currencies and Quotes Currency traders must become familiar also with the way currencies are quoted. The first currency in the pair is considered the base currency; and the second is the counter or quote currency. Most of the time, the U.S. dollar is considered the base currency, and quotes are expressed in units of US$1 per counter currency (for example, USD/JPY or USD/CAD).",
"Forex quotes always include a bid and an ask price. The bid is the price at which the market maker is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The ask price is the price at which the market maker is willing to sell the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The difference between the bid and the ask prices is referred to as the spread.",
"The cost of establishing a position is determined by the spread. Most major currency pairs are priced to four decimal places, the final digit of which is referred to as a point or a pip. For example, if USD/JPY was quoted with a bid of 134.3919 and an ask of 134.3923, the four-pip spread is the cost of trading this position. From the very start, therefore, the trader must recover the four-pip cost from his or her profits, necessitating a favorable move in the position simply to break even.",
"More About Margin Trading in the currency markets also requires a trader to think in a slightly different way about margin. Margin on the forex market is not a down payment on a future purchase of equity but a deposit to the trader's account that will cover against any future currency-trading losses. A typical currency trading system will allow for a very high degree of leverage in its margin requirements, up to 100:1. The system will automatically calculate the funds necessary for current positions and will check for margin availability before executing any trade.",
"Rollover In the spot forex market, trades must be settled within two business days. For example, if a trader sells a certain number of currency units on Wednesday, he or she must deliver an equivalent number of units on Friday. But currency trading systems may allow for a \"rollover\" with which open positions can be swapped forward to the next settlement date (giving an extension of two additional business days). The interest rate for such a swap is predetermined, and, in fact, these swaps are actually financial instruments that can also be traded on the currency market.",
"In any spot rollover transaction, the difference between the interest rates of the base and counter currencies is reflected as an overnight loan. If the trader holds a long position in the currency with the higher interest rate, he or she would gain on the spot rollover. The amount of such a gain would fluctuate day-to-day according to the precise interest-rate differential between the base and the counter currency. Such rollover rates are quoted in dollars and are shown in the interest column of the forex trading system. Rollovers, however, will not affect traders who never hold a position overnight since the rollover is exclusively a day-to-day phenomenon.",
"Conclusion As one can immediately see, trading in forex requires a slightly different way of thinking than the way required by equity markets. Yet, for its extreme liquidity, multitude of opportunities for large profits due to strong trends and high levels of available leverage, the currency market is hard to resist for the advanced trader. With such potential, however, comes significant risk, and traders should quickly establish an intimate familiarity with methods of risk management.",
"A contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures exchange, to buy or sell a particular commodity ...",
"The fluctuations in economic activity that an economy experiences over a period of time. A business cycle is basically defined ...",
"A money manager is a person or financial firm that manages the securities portfolio of an individual or institutional investor.",
"Working capital is a measure of both a company's efficiency and its short-term financial health. Working capital is calculated ...",
"A general increase in stock prices during the month of January. This rally is generally attributed to an increase in buying, ..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "A Primer On The Forex Market\n\n * Topics\n\nWhat's New\n\n9 Stocks That Can Outperform As Bull Market Ages: Goldman\n\nNvidia's Stock Faces Its Moment of Truth\n\nTopics\n\n * News\n * Financial Advisors\n * The Tax Center\n * Anxiety Index\n * Investing\n * Managing Wealth\n * ETFs\n * The Trump Economy\n * Retirement\n * Personal Finance\n * Trading\n * How To Maximize Retirement Savings\n * Tech\n * Life Stages\n * Small Business\n * Bitcoin\n\n * Reference\n\nDictionary\n\nTerm Of The Day\n\nFutures Contract\n\nA contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures\nexchange, ...\n\nRead More »\n\nBroker Reviews\n\nFind the best broker for your trading or investing needs\n\nSee Reviews\n\nLatest Videos The 2017 Financial Fitness Tour\n\nGuides\n\n * Stock Basics\n * Economics Basics\n * Options Basics\n\nExam Prep\n\n * Series 7 Exam\n * CFA Level 1\n * Series 65 Exam\n\n * Advisors\n\nAdvisor Insights\n\nOur network of expert financial advisors field questions from our community.\n\nAsk A Question\n\nJoin Advisor Insights\n\nAre you a financial advisor? Showcase your expertise to 20+ million investors.\n\nJoin Now\n\nFinancial Advisors\n\nSophisticated content for financial advisors around investment strategies,\nindustry trends, and advisor education.\n\nThe Investopedia 100\n\nA celebration of the 100 most influential advisors and their contributions to\ncritical conversations on finance.\n\n * Markets\n\nMarkets\n\nThe latest markets news, real time quotes, financials and more.\n\nWatchlist\n\nTrack stocks and ETFs\n\nAdd New Watchlist\n\n * Simulator\n\nStock Simulator\n\nTrade with a starting balance of $100,000 and zero risk!\n\nMy Portfolios\n\nView the performance of your stock and option holdings\n\n * NEW Academy\n\nInvestopedia Academy\n\nLearn from the world's leader in financial education\n\nCheck out all courses\n\nFeatured Courses\n\nBecome a day trader\n\nStart Learning\n\nExcel for Finance\n\nStart Learning\n\nLatest Courses\n\n * Investing for Beginners\n * Find Great Value Stocks\n * Options for Beginners\n * Financial Modeling\n * All Courses\n\n * Site Log In\n * Advisor Insights Log In\n * Newsletters\n\n# A Primer On The Forex Market\n\nBy Jason Van Bergen\n\nShare\n\nWith the widespread availability of electronic trading networks, trading\ncurrencies is now more accessible than ever. The foreign exchange market, or\nforex, is notoriously the domain of commercial and investment banks, not to\nmention hedge funds and massive international corporations. At first glance,\nthe presence of such heavyweight entities may appear daunting to the\nindividual investor. But the presence of such powerful groups and such a\nmassive international market can also work to the benefit of the individual\ntrader. The forex market offers trading 24 hours a day, five days a week. It\nis the largest and most liquid market in the world. According to Bank For\nInternational Settlement, trading in foreign exchange markets averaged 5.3\ntrillion per day in 2013.\n\nTrading Opportunities The sheer number of currencies traded serves to ensure\nan extreme level of day-to-day volatility. There will always be currencies\nthat are moving rapidly up or down, offering opportunities for profit (and\ncommensurate risk) to astute traders. Yet, like the equity markets, forex\noffers plenty of instruments to mitigate risk and allows the individual to\nprofit in both rising and falling markets. Forex also allows highly leveraged\ntrading with low margin requirements relative to its equity counterparts.\n\nMany instruments utilized in forex - such as forwards and futures, options,\nspread betting, contracts for difference (CFD) and the spot market - will\nappear similar to those used in the equity markets. Since the instruments on\nthe forex market often maintain minimum trade sizes in terms of the base\ncurrencies (the spot market, for example, requires a minimum trade size of\n100,000 units of the base currency), the use of margin is absolutely essential\nfor the person trading these instruments.\n\nBuying and Selling Currencies Regarding the specifics of buying and selling on\nforex, it is important to note that currencies are always priced in pairs. All\ntrades result in the simultaneous purchase of one currency and the sale of\nanother. This necessitates a slightly different mode of thinking than the way\nrequired by equity markets. While trading on the forex market, you would\nexecute a trade only at a time when you expect the currency you are buying to\nincrease in value relative to the one you are selling.\n\nBase and Counter Currencies and Quotes Currency traders must become familiar\nalso with the way currencies are quoted. The first currency in the pair is\nconsidered the base currency; and the second is the counter or quote currency.\nMost of the time, the U.S. dollar is considered the base currency, and quotes\nare expressed in units of US$1 per counter currency (for example, USD/JPY or\nUSD/CAD).\n\nForex quotes always include a bid and an ask price. The bid is the price at\nwhich the market maker is willing to buy the base currency in exchange for the\ncounter currency. The ask price is the price at which the market maker is\nwilling to sell the base currency in exchange for the counter currency. The\ndifference between the bid and the ask prices is referred to as the spread.\n\nThe cost of establishing a position is determined by the spread. Most major\ncurrency pairs are priced to four decimal places, the final digit of which is\nreferred to as a point or a pip. For example, if USD/JPY was quoted with a bid\nof 134.3919 and an ask of 134.3923, the four-pip spread is the cost of trading\nthis position. From the very start, therefore, the trader must recover the\nfour-pip cost from his or her profits, necessitating a favorable move in the\nposition simply to break even.\n\nMore About Margin Trading in the currency markets also requires a trader to\nthink in a slightly different way about margin. Margin on the forex market is\nnot a down payment on a future purchase of equity but a deposit to the\ntrader's account that will cover against any future currency-trading losses. A\ntypical currency trading system will allow for a very high degree of leverage\nin its margin requirements, up to 100:1. The system will automatically\ncalculate the funds necessary for current positions and will check for margin\navailability before executing any trade.\n\nRollover In the spot forex market, trades must be settled within two business\ndays. For example, if a trader sells a certain number of currency units on\nWednesday, he or she must deliver an equivalent number of units on Friday. But\ncurrency trading systems may allow for a \"rollover\" with which open positions\ncan be swapped forward to the next settlement date (giving an extension of two\nadditional business days). The interest rate for such a swap is predetermined,\nand, in fact, these swaps are actually financial instruments that can also be\ntraded on the currency market.\n\nIn any spot rollover transaction, the difference between the interest rates of\nthe base and counter currencies is reflected as an overnight loan. If the\ntrader holds a long position in the currency with the higher interest rate, he\nor she would gain on the spot rollover. The amount of such a gain would\nfluctuate day-to-day according to the precise interest-rate differential\nbetween the base and the counter currency. Such rollover rates are quoted in\ndollars and are shown in the interest column of the forex trading system.\nRollovers, however, will not affect traders who never hold a position\novernight since the rollover is exclusively a day-to-day phenomenon.\n\nConclusion As one can immediately see, trading in forex requires a slightly\ndifferent way of thinking than the way required by equity markets. Yet, for\nits extreme liquidity, multitude of opportunities for large profits due to\nstrong trends and high levels of available leverage, the currency market is\nhard to resist for the advanced trader. With such potential, however, comes\nsignificant risk, and traders should quickly establish an intimate familiarity\nwith methods of risk management.\n\nTrending\n\n 1. ### How the GOP Tax Bill Affects You\n\n 2. ### This Bitcoin \"Bull Market\" Is Nothing\n\n 3. ### Trump's Tax Reform Plan\n\n 4. ### 5 Dividend Stocks for Bull and Bear Markets\n\n 5. ### Penny Stocks to Watch for December 2017\n\nHot Definitions\n\n 1. ### Futures Contract\n\nA contractual agreement, generally made on the trading floor of a futures\nexchange, to buy or sell a particular commodity ...\n\n 2. ### Business Cycle\n\nThe fluctuations in economic activity that an economy experiences over a\nperiod of time. A business cycle is basically defined ...\n\n 3. ### Money Manager\n\nA money manager is a person or financial firm that manages the securities\nportfolio of an individual or institutional investor.\n\n 4. ### Market Index\n\nAn aggregate value produced by combining several stocks or other investment\nvehicles together and expressing their total ...\n\n 5. ### Working Capital\n\nWorking capital is a measure of both a company's efficiency and its short-term\nfinancial health. Working capital is calculated ...\n\n 6. ### January Effect\n\nA general increase in stock prices during the month of January. This rally is\ngenerally attributed to an increase in buying, ...\n\nTrading Center\n\nPartner Links\n\nWant to learn how to invest?\n\n### Get a free 10 week email series that will teach you how to start\ninvesting.\n\nDelivered twice a week, straight to your inbox.\n\n * Dictionary:\n * #\n * a\n * b\n * c\n * d\n * e\n * f\n * g\n * h\n * i\n * j\n * k\n * l\n * m\n * n\n * o\n * p\n * q\n * r\n * s\n * t\n * u\n * v\n * w\n * x\n * y\n * z\n\n * Content Library\n * Articles\n * Terms\n * Videos\n * Guides\n * Slideshows\n * FAQs\n * Calculators\n * Chart Advisor\n * Stock Analysis\n * Stock Simulator\n * Exam Prep Quizzer\n * Net Worth Calculator\n\n * Connect With Investopedia\n\n * Work With Investopedia\n * About Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n\n * Get Free Newsletters\n * Newsletters\n\n * Work With Investopedia\n * About Us\n * Advertise With Us\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n\n© 2018, Investopedia, LLC. All Rights Reserved Terms Of Use Privacy Policy\n\n"
}
] |
4,374,416 | How To Stop a Developing Yeast Infection | To stop a developing yeast infection, visit your doctor, who will probably prescribe a topical antifungal cream to clear up the infection. While you’re waiting for your yeast infection to clear, try to shower twice a day to keep your skin clean. Avoid using scented skin products or sprays, since this can irritate your skin and make your infection worse. After you shower, dry yourself with a clean towel to avoid transferring yeast back onto your skin. You should also wear loose underwear and clothing, which will allow your skin to breathe and prevent moisture from building up. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170623072319/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/oral-thrush/basics/treatment/con-20022381",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150706210853/http://patient.info:80/health/Candidal-Skin-Infection.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210212022458/https://www.emedicinehealth.com/yeast_infection_diaper_rash/article_em.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171013120240/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201025215931/https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160704212635/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210107082605/https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171008034147/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20141104033302/https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927025646/http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171012182133/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/treatment/con-20035129",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003010422/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615"
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"title": "Candidal Skin Infection. Candida of the skin; thrush information",
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"Candida is a yeast (a type of fungus). Small numbers of candida normally live on the skin and do no harm. Sometimes, under certain conditions, they can multiply and cause infection. The common sites for candida to cause infection are the vagina (vaginal thrush), the mouth (oral thrush), and the skin. This leaflet just deals with candidal skin infections. See separate leaflets called Vaginal thrush and Oral thrush for further details.",
"Usually not. Most infections occur in people who are otherwise healthy (although they are more common if you are overweight). Treatment usually works well. In some people, the candidal skin infection may be the first indication of another condition such as diabetes.",
"Areas of skin that are moist or sweaty are ideal for candida to thrive. Therefore, the common sites affected are in the folds of skin in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. (Another name for inflammation within a fold of skin or under a breast is 'intertrigo'. Candidal infection is a common cause of intertrigo.) Nappy rash is sometimes due to candida. Obese people may develop candidal infection between folds of skin. It can also affect skin between fingers and toes, and the corners of the mouth.",
"If you have a poor immune system. For example, if you have AIDS, or have chemotherapy, or have certain types of serious blood disorder.",
"In affected folds of the skin (under breasts, groin, etc) a typical red rash develops. The rash is usually sore and itchy. Small blister-like swellings may develop on the rash. Skin scale can accumulate on the rash to produce a white- yellow, curd-like substance over the affected area. If the areas between toes or fingers are involved, the affected skin may become thick and macerated (where the skin softens and becomes a whitish colour).",
"Sometimes a mild steroid cream is added to reduce inflammation whilst the antifungal cream is working. (However, a steroid cream alone will make the condition worse as soon as the steroid is stopped.)",
"Always dry well after washing, particularly in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. Some people use a hairdryer to dry these areas after washing to ensure they are dry before putting clothes on.",
"Wear light, loose, absorbent clothing and avoid wool and synthetic fibres. This helps to keep the skin from getting too moist.",
"If you are troubled with repeated infections at the angle of your mouth and you wear dentures, then remove the dentures each night to clean, and then sterilise them overnight.",
"If the infection keeps recurring for no apparent reason, a test to check for sugar (diabetes) may be advised by a doctor.",
"Disclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for the diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable care in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy. Consult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment of medical conditions. For details see our conditions.",
"I was pretty much born with Ringworm... quite bad Ringworm. I am now 23. The doctors just prescribe me with Terbinafine tablets & Lamisil cream which don't really work. I only get Ringworm when it'...",
"Kindly let me know if the sore smells and if it is hereditary. when cleaning, can the foot be soaked in hotwater and leaned with menthylated spirit after drying?",
"Hi for over a year now I have been suffering from recurrent facial infections particularly around the chin and jaw areas. Sometimes they will get quite bad and get a lot of swelling in the area. Af...",
"was recently prescribed terbinafine for one of toes after 2 month i have had to stop due to being ill it is so horrible",
"I've never had particularly 'good' skin but I've never really had any major problems other than acne when I was younger and the occasional spot now and again. I'm now 32 and at the beginning of thi...",
"Patient is one of the most trusted medical resources online, supplying evidence based information on a wide range of medical and health topics to patients and health professionals.",
"© EMIS Group plc. Registered in England and Wales. Registered number: 06553923 Registered office: Rawdon House, Green Lane, Yeadon, Leeds LS19 7BY Patient is a UK registered trade mark.",
"Trending search phrases: bmi calculator, scarlet fever, blood pressure, cystic fibrosis, pregnancy symptoms, glandular fever, multiple sclerosis, prostate cancer, depression test, rheumatoid arthritis"
]
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"parsed_md": "Candidal Skin Infection. Candida of the skin; thrush information | Patient\n\nSkip to content\n\n# Patient - Trusted medical information and support\n\nSkip to content\n\nWelcome to Patient\n\nRegister\n\n * Patient Access\n * Patient\n * \\- MyHealth\n * \\- Forums\n * \\- PatientPro\n\n|\n\nSign in\n\n * Patient Access\n * Patient\n * \\- MyHealth\n * \\- Forums\n * \\- PatientPro\n\nMyHealth | Blogs | Shop | Symptom checker\n\nLike us on facebook!\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Health Information\n 3. Candidal Skin Infection\n\n# Candidal Skin Infection\n\n139 Users are discussing this topic\n\n * Print\n * PDF\n * Email\n * Bookmark Bookmarked Remove?\n\nCancel\n\nYou must be signed in to bookmark pages\n\nView All\n\n * Notes\n\nCancel\n\nYou must be signed into your pro account to make notes\n\n * Listen\n\n139\n\n0\n\n0\n\n19\n\nA rash caused by candida is usually not serious, and is usually easily treated\nwith an antifungal cream.\n\n### Related discussions\n\n * Ringworm... The strongest & most effective treatment?! kayleighmhx 1 replies\n\n * ATHLETE FOOT: i would like to know if it smells and if it also is hereditary? zeddicus 3 replies\n\n * Facial infections around beard area bryan09240 4 replies\n\n * Start a discussion\n\n## What is candida?\n\nCandida is a yeast (a type of fungus). Small numbers of candida normally live\non the skin and do no harm. Sometimes, under certain conditions, they can\nmultiply and cause infection. The common sites for candida to cause infection\nare the vagina (vaginal thrush), the mouth (oral thrush), and the skin. This\nleaflet just deals with candidal skin infections. See separate leaflets called\nVaginal thrush and Oral thrush for further details.\n\n## Is a candidal skin infection serious?\n\nUsually not. Most infections occur in people who are otherwise healthy\n(although they are more common if you are overweight). Treatment usually works\nwell. In some people, the candidal skin infection may be the first indication\nof another condition such as diabetes.\n\n### Dr. Sarah Jarvis\n\n * Thrush\n\n * Embarrassing illnesses\n\n * Read more blog posts\n\n## Why does candida sometimes multiply and cause infection on the skin?\n\nThe chance of a candidal skin infection developing is more likely in the\nfollowing situations:\n\n * Areas of skin that are moist or sweaty are ideal for candida to thrive. Therefore, the common sites affected are in the folds of skin in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. (Another name for inflammation within a fold of skin or under a breast is 'intertrigo'. Candidal infection is a common cause of intertrigo.) Nappy rash is sometimes due to candida. Obese people may develop candidal infection between folds of skin. It can also affect skin between fingers and toes, and the corners of the mouth.\n * If you have diabetes.\n * If you take a long course of antibiotics or steroid medication.\n * If you have a poor immune system. For example, if you have AIDS, or have chemotherapy, or have certain types of serious blood disorder.\n\n### Related articles\n\n * Oral Thrush in Babies\n * Oral Thrush\n * Vaginal Thrush\n * See more articles\n\n## What are the symptoms of a candidal skin infection?\n\nIn affected folds of the skin (under breasts, groin, etc) a typical red rash\ndevelops. The rash is usually sore and itchy. Small blister-like swellings may\ndevelop on the rash. Skin scale can accumulate on the rash to produce a white-\nyellow, curd-like substance over the affected area. If the areas between toes\nor fingers are involved, the affected skin may become thick and macerated\n(where the skin softens and becomes a whitish colour).\n\n### Dr Sarah Jarvis talks about Vaginal Thrush\n\nView more patient.info videos\n\n## What is the treatment for candidal skin infection?\n\n * An antifungal cream usually clears the infection within a week or so.\n * Sometimes a mild steroid cream is added to reduce inflammation whilst the antifungal cream is working. (However, a steroid cream alone will make the condition worse as soon as the steroid is stopped.)\n * Occasionally, if the rash is widespread, antifungal tablets are prescribed.\n\n## Can candidal skin infections be prevented?\n\nTo minimise the risk of a candidal skin infection:\n\n * Keep areas likely to be affected as clean and dry as possible.\n * Always dry well after washing, particularly in the groin, armpits, and under large breasts. Some people use a hairdryer to dry these areas after washing to ensure they are dry before putting clothes on.\n * Wear light, loose, absorbent clothing and avoid wool and synthetic fibres. This helps to keep the skin from getting too moist.\n * Losing weight may help if obesity is contributing to this problem.\n * If you are troubled with repeated infections at the angle of your mouth and you wear dentures, then remove the dentures each night to clean, and then sterilise them overnight.\n\nIf the infection keeps recurring for no apparent reason, a test to check for\nsugar (diabetes) may be advised by a doctor.\n\nReferences & Disclaimer | Provide Feedback\n\n## Further reading & references\n\n * Candida - skin; NICE CKS, March 2009\n * Hidalgo JA et al, Candidiasis, Medscape, May 2012\n\nDisclaimer: This article is for information only and should not be used for\nthe diagnosis or treatment of medical conditions. EMIS has used all reasonable\ncare in compiling the information but make no warranty as to its accuracy.\nConsult a doctor or other health care professional for diagnosis and treatment\nof medical conditions. For details see our conditions.\n\nOriginal Author: Dr Tim Kenny| Current Version: Dr Laurence Knott| Peer\nReviewer: Dr Helen Huins \n---|---|--- \nDocument ID: 4451 (v39)| Last Checked: 19/07/2012| Next Review: 19/07/2015 \n \n### Also on Patient\n\n * Candidiasis PatientPlus\n\n * Office workers do it best standing up Wellbeing article\n\n * Messages about reducing sugar intake uncle... Wellbeing article\n\n * candida Discussion forums\n\n * Embarrassing illnesses Blog article\n\n * Fruits and juices may have opposite effect... Wellbeing article\n\n * candida albicans Discussion forums\n\n * Thrush Blog article\n\n#### Common searches for this page include: Candida, candida symptoms, candida\nalbicans, candidasis, candida treatment, what is candida\n\n### Join our health community\n\nE\n\n * 139\n\nFungal and Yeast Infections\n\n#### The Patient forums\n\n#### Helpful advice and support\n\nYou’re not alone, reach out to thousands of patients\n\n#### Comprehensive\n\nDiscussions for nearly every medical condition\n\n#### Earn badges and reputation\n\nReceive accolades for helping out other members of the community\n\nJoin the discussion\n\n### Latest discussions\n\n * #### Ringworm... The strongest & most effective treatment?!\n\nPosted 3 July 2015 at 17:57 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nI was pretty much born with Ringworm... quite bad Ringworm. I am now 23. The\ndoctors just prescribe me with Terbinafine tablets & Lamisil cream which don't\nreally work. I only get Ringworm when it'...\n\n#### kayleighmhx\n\nReply\n\n * #### ATHLETE FOOT: i would like to know if it smells and if it also is hereditary?\n\nPosted 27 June 2015 at 08:58 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nKindly let me know if the sore smells and if it is hereditary. when cleaning,\ncan the foot be soaked in hotwater and leaned with menthylated spirit after\ndrying?\n\n#### zeddicus\n\nReply\n\n * #### Facial infections around beard area\n\nPosted 26 June 2015 at 13:52 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nHi for over a year now I have been suffering from recurrent facial infections\nparticularly around the chin and jaw areas. Sometimes they will get quite bad\nand get a lot of swelling in the area. Af...\n\n#### bryan09240\n\nReply\n\n * #### terbinafine\n\nPosted 20 June 2015 at 13:05 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nwas recently prescribed terbinafine for one of toes after 2 month i have had\nto stop due to being ill it is so horrible\n\n#### teri04741\n\nReply\n\n * #### Will my fungal infection ever go? And are there any alternatives to steroid creams?\n\nPosted 18 June 2015 at 19:24 GMT in Fungal and Yeast Infections\n\nI've never had particularly 'good' skin but I've never really had any major\nproblems other than acne when I was younger and the occasional spot now and\nagain. I'm now 32 and at the beginning of thi...\n\n#### pyrrhus\n\nReply\n\n### Trending articles\n\n * IBD: Raising awareness and making a difference\n\n * 7 big dental health myths - debunked\n\n * Office workers do it best standing up\n\n * How does the private and NHS dental system work?\n\n * We are not alone\n\nSee all trending articles »\n\nPatient is one of the most trusted medical resources online, supplying\nevidence based information on a wide range of medical and health topics to\npatients and health professionals.\n\n### Connect with us\n\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * Google+\n * Facebook\n\nLike us on Facebook!\n\nAbout Us| Media Enquiries| Press Releases| Commercial Opportunities| Advertise\nWith Us\n\n© EMIS Group plc. Registered in England and Wales. Registered number: 06553923\nRegistered office: Rawdon House, Green Lane, Yeadon, Leeds LS19 7BY Patient is\na UK registered trade mark.\n\nTrending search phrases: bmi calculator, scarlet fever, blood pressure, cystic\nfibrosis, pregnancy symptoms, glandular fever, multiple sclerosis, prostate\ncancer, depression test, rheumatoid arthritis\n\n### Live Life Well\n\nGet our best health articles, tips & recipes once a month.\n\n"
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"title": "Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Home Remedies, Treatment & Symptoms",
"passages": [
"Most diaper rashes have to do with impairment of skin integrity rather than any specific bacterial or fungal infection. Urine and stool acidity (the latter seen in diarrhea) and chronic wetness coupled with a warm barrier environment are all factors proposed as causes of diaper dermatitis (diaper rash). However, sometimes a superficial skin infection is a factor in diaper rash. The most common infectious cause of diaper rash is Candida albicans (yeast, a fungus).",
"Such a diaper rash can begin with softening and breakdown of the tissue around the anus. The infected area is red and elevated, and fluid may be visible under the skin. Small, raised infected red bumps (satellite pustules) appear at the periphery of the rash. These satellite pustules are characteristic of Candida diaper rash and allow yeast diaper rash to be easily distinguished from other types of diaper rash such as a contact (irritant) diaper rash. Yeast diaper rash can appear on the thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and genitals.",
"Another distribution characteristic of C. albicans diaper distribution is its likelihood to be found in the creases of skin (for example, in the skin folds where the legs join with the pelvis). Generally, contact diaper rash does not involve these regions since the overlapping skin \"protects\" the area from exposure to noxious irritants.",
"A Candida skin infection can come from the upper gastrointestinal tract, the lower gastrointestinal tract, or exposure from a care provider. A Candida diaper rash can be accompanied by Candida infection of the mouth (thrush). A breastfeeding infant with a thrush infection may inadvertently infect the mother's nipple/areola area. If such an infection is suspected, simple topical medications may be prescribed by her doctor.",
"It goes without saying that the need to wear a diaper is probably the major contributing factor. Cotton underwear is much better suited to breathing and preventing the environment in which yeast thrive -- dark, warm, and moist skin surfaces. Cloth diapers and nonabsorbent disposable diapers both contribute to a favorable environment for yeast growth. Many specialists believe that a yeast infection in the infant's mouth (thrush) is a risk factor for the development of yeast diaper dermatitis. Lastly, recent receipt of oral antibiotics may also encourage overgrowth of intestinal yeast.",
"One-fourth to one-half of babies experience diaper rash. Of these, 15%-50% are due to yeast. Yeast diaper rashes tend to decrease as children get older and end when the infant stops using diapers. The air exposure afforded by underwear lessens the establishment of an infection on macerated skin surfaces. This explains the tongue-in-cheek opinion of pediatricians that a quick cure for diaper rash (contact or infectious) is successful toilet training.",
"If few C. albicans organisms are present, they may not be significant. However, symptoms are aggravated with more extensive infection. One study noted C. albicans was present in 37%-40% patients with diaper rash, suggesting that C. albicans infection from the gastrointestinal tract plays a major role in diaper rash. Another study noted that 30% of healthy infants and 92% of infants with diaper rash had C. albicans in the stool. This reveals a definite relationship between Candida colonization of the stool and diaper dermatitis. However, such information does not reveal the entire picture. The actual presence of C. albicans in the stool in and of itself is not the entire story since a majority of healthy adult intestinal tracts are colonized by C. albicans. These generally asymptomatic (having no symptoms) adults may also develop groin Candida infections should they become immune compromised or suffer from extremely poor hygiene. Several studies have shown promising results of lessening the incidence and severity of Candida infection when probiotics (for example, yogurt with \"active cultures\") are taken whenever antibiotics are necessary.",
"Antibiotic use can lead to increased growth of Candida species. Thus, the fact that the use of commonly prescribed antibiotics such as amoxicillin increases the risk for developing diaper rash is not surprising. Amoxicillin use in infants decreases the number of bacteria and increases the number of C. albicans.",
"A yeast caused diaper rash is not painful. The characteristic bright red area of skin in the groin and around the anus, including the intertriginous region (the deep folds of skin where the legs attach to the child's torso), is characteristic of a yeast infection diaper rash.",
"Careful examination of the diaper region for the characteristic diaper rash described above allows for rapid diagnosis and treatment. Supportive evidence for a yeast diaper rash diagnosis would be the presence of an oral yeast infection (thrush). Laboratory testing and/or examination by a dermatologist is rarely necessary.",
"The primary treatment for Candida diaper rash involves antifungal topical treatment and decreasing moisture in the diaper area. Nystatin (Mycostatin), clotrimazole (Lotrimin), and miconazole (Micatin, Monistat-Derm) are topical over-the-counter (nonprescription) treatments of equal strength for treating Candida diaper dermatitis. Occasionally, other prescription antifungal creams, such as ketoconazole (Nizoral cream) and econazole (Spectazole) may be necessary. How long treatment should last has not been completely defined, although typically the cream or ointment is applied at each diaper change until the rash is resolved, usually in four to seven days.",
"Because of the intestinal reservoir of Candida species in most patients with yeast diaper rash, some doctors recommend oral antifungal medications in addition to topical creams. No study has definitively answered the question whether oral antifungal medications are helpful.",
"Some dermatologists and pediatric infectious disease specialists point out that the effectiveness of these topical creams has been waning over the last few years. An alternative oral medication (fluconazole [Diflucan]) taken once a day for two weeks can be very effective. Many pediatricians will initially recommend one of the topical medications for ease and simplicity and use fluconazole if topical treatment is not effective.",
"Some studies have indicated that preventing diaper rash may be done by applying barrier creams like zinc oxide (A+D Ointment, Desitin, Diaparene) or petroleum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) to the diaper area after bathing. These products may help to decrease the ambient moisture in the diaper area after bathing or changing a diaper. Gentle cleaning to minimize skin breakdown may also be helpful. Air exposure (for example, no diaper) is also therapeutic.",
"There are several approaches that will be helpful in eradicating and preventing a yeast infection in the diaper area. Air exposure (no diapers) of the skin region is invaluable. The backyard is often a site where the child can be without diapers. The establishment of toilet training is also very helpful. As the child is developmentally ready, the transition from diaper to cotton underwear is beneficial. If diapers are needed, utilizing an absorbent disposable product is superior to either cloth or nonabsorbent disposable diapers. Keeping the diaper area skin clean by rapid diaper changing as indicated is also helpful. Lastly, application of a topical preventative barrier cream such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or zinc oxide (A+D Ointment) are helpful preventive measures.",
"Diaper rashes decrease to the extent that diapered skin can have an environment closer to that of undiapered skin. The less time that infants wear diapers, the less the chance that they develop a diaper rash. However, the need to wear diapers must also be considered. Disposable diapers are associated with fewer cases of yeast diaper rash than are cloth diapers. Disposable diapers have absorbent gelling materials that draw moisture away from delicate skin surfaces. Infants who wear breathable disposable diapers developed significantly fewer diaper rashes of any type than infants who wore standard, non-breathable disposable diapers in a series of clinical trials.",
"An evaluation of past clinical studies conducted before and after the introduction of absorbent gelling materials in diapers confirms that use of these materials has been associated with a definite reduction in the severity of diaper rash. Survival of Candida colonies was reduced by almost two-thirds in the breathable diaper-covered sites compared to the control sites.",
"Betamethasone dipropionate is a fluorinated high-potency topical corticosteroid that is formulated with clotrimazole in the brand-named product Lotrisone. This product is frequently used inappropriately in intertriginous (diaper regions where deep folds of skin overlap) areas. Such potent corticosteroids have no role in the treatment of a Candida diaper rash. The absorption of such a highly potent steroid may produce multiple (and potentially severe) side effects.",
"Prevention and the above-described therapies yield an excellent prognosis for a yeast infection in the diaper area. The naturally recurrent nature of a yeast infection in the diaper area should not be interpreted as a failure of parenting skills. Sometimes it just happens.",
"Topical therapy, including barrier creams and disposable diapers, decreases the incidence and extent of yeast diaper rash. Frequent diaper changes with the superabsorbent disposable diapers create an environment that does not let yeast thrive. Cleaning that is gentle and minimizes skin breakdown can help as well. Air exposure is also helpful.",
"Your doctor may recommend a short course of mild topical steroid cream or ointment if the rash does not appear to be a fungal infection."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Home Remedies, Treatment & Symptoms\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Advertising Policy\n\n©2018 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\nhome children's health centerTopic Guide\n\n# Diaper Rash (Candida Yeast Infection) Symptoms, Causes, and Cream Treatments\nin Babies\n\n * Medical Author: John Mersch, MD, FAAP\n * Medical Editor: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\n\nReviewed on 10/4/2019\n\n * Definition\n\n * What Is a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n * Causes\n\n * What Are Causes and Risk Factors of Diaper Rash Yeast Infection in Babies?\n * Are They Common?\n\n * Are Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies Common?\n * Symptoms/Signs\n\n * What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n * Diagnosis\n\n * How Do Doctors Diagnose Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies?\n * Treatment\n\n * How is a Diaper Rash Caused by Yeast Infections Treated?\n * What Natural Home Remedies Treat a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash in Babies?\n * Types\n\n * Does the Type of Diaper Matter for Yeast Diaper Rashes?\n * Anti-Yeast Treatment\n\n * What Are Anti-Yeast Infection Treatments In Babies?\n * Healing Time\n\n * How Long Does It Take for a Diaper Rash to Heal?\n * How to Prevent\n\n * Is It Possible to Prevent a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n * Guide\n\n * Diaper Rash (Candida, Yeast Infection) in Babies Topic Guide\n * Doctor's Notes on Yeast Infection Diaper Rash Symptoms\n\n### What Is a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n\nA yeast diaper rash is not painful.\n\nMost diaper rashes have to do with impairment of skin integrity rather than\nany specific bacterial or fungal infection. Urine and stool acidity (the\nlatter seen in diarrhea) and chronic wetness coupled with a warm barrier\nenvironment are all factors proposed as causes of diaper dermatitis (diaper\nrash). However, sometimes a superficial skin infection is a factor in diaper\nrash. The most common infectious cause of diaper rash is Candida albicans\n(yeast, a fungus).\n\nSuch a diaper rash can begin with softening and breakdown of the tissue around\nthe anus. The infected area is red and elevated, and fluid may be visible\nunder the skin. Small, raised infected red bumps (satellite pustules) appear\nat the periphery of the rash. These satellite pustules are characteristic of\nCandida diaper rash and allow yeast diaper rash to be easily distinguished\nfrom other types of diaper rash such as a contact (irritant) diaper rash.\nYeast diaper rash can appear on the thighs, genital creases, abdomen, and\ngenitals.\n\nAnother distribution characteristic of C. albicans diaper distribution is its\nlikelihood to be found in the creases of skin (for example, in the skin folds\nwhere the legs join with the pelvis). Generally, contact diaper rash does not\ninvolve these regions since the overlapping skin \"protects\" the area from\nexposure to noxious irritants.\n\nA Candida skin infection can come from the upper gastrointestinal tract, the\nlower gastrointestinal tract, or exposure from a care provider. A Candida\ndiaper rash can be accompanied by Candida infection of the mouth (thrush). A\nbreastfeeding infant with a thrush infection may inadvertently infect the\nmother's nipple/areola area. If such an infection is suspected, simple topical\nmedications may be prescribed by her doctor.\n\n### What Are Causes and Risk Factors of Diaper Rash Yeast Infection in Babies?\n\nIt goes without saying that the need to wear a diaper is probably the major\ncontributing factor. Cotton underwear is much better suited to breathing and\npreventing the environment in which yeast thrive -- dark, warm, and moist skin\nsurfaces. Cloth diapers and nonabsorbent disposable diapers both contribute to\na favorable environment for yeast growth. Many specialists believe that a\nyeast infection in the infant's mouth (thrush) is a risk factor for the\ndevelopment of yeast diaper dermatitis. Lastly, recent receipt of oral\nantibiotics may also encourage overgrowth of intestinal yeast.\n\n### Are Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies Common?\n\nOne-fourth to one-half of babies experience diaper rash. Of these, 15%-50% are\ndue to yeast. Yeast diaper rashes tend to decrease as children get older and\nend when the infant stops using diapers. The air exposure afforded by\nunderwear lessens the establishment of an infection on macerated skin\nsurfaces. This explains the tongue-in-cheek opinion of pediatricians that a\nquick cure for diaper rash (contact or infectious) is successful toilet\ntraining.\n\nIf few C. albicans organisms are present, they may not be significant.\nHowever, symptoms are aggravated with more extensive infection. One study\nnoted C. albicans was present in 37%-40% patients with diaper rash, suggesting\nthat C. albicans infection from the gastrointestinal tract plays a major role\nin diaper rash. Another study noted that 30% of healthy infants and 92% of\ninfants with diaper rash had C. albicans in the stool. This reveals a definite\nrelationship between Candida colonization of the stool and diaper dermatitis.\nHowever, such information does not reveal the entire picture. The actual\npresence of C. albicans in the stool in and of itself is not the entire story\nsince a majority of healthy adult intestinal tracts are colonized by C.\nalbicans. These generally asymptomatic (having no symptoms) adults may also\ndevelop groin Candida infections should they become immune compromised or\nsuffer from extremely poor hygiene. Several studies have shown promising\nresults of lessening the incidence and severity of Candida infection when\nprobiotics (for example, yogurt with \"active cultures\") are taken whenever\nantibiotics are necessary.\n\nAntibiotic use can lead to increased growth of Candida species. Thus, the fact\nthat the use of commonly prescribed antibiotics such as amoxicillin increases\nthe risk for developing diaper rash is not surprising. Amoxicillin use in\ninfants decreases the number of bacteria and increases the number of C.\nalbicans.\n\n#### SLIDESHOW\n\nHealthy Eating for Kids - Recipes and Meal Ideas See Slideshow\n\n### What Are the Signs and Symptoms of a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n\nA yeast caused diaper rash is not painful. The characteristic bright red area\nof skin in the groin and around the anus, including the intertriginous region\n(the deep folds of skin where the legs attach to the child's torso), is\ncharacteristic of a yeast infection diaper rash.\n\n### How Do Doctors Diagnose Yeast Infection Diaper Rashes in Babies?\n\nCareful examination of the diaper region for the characteristic diaper rash\ndescribed above allows for rapid diagnosis and treatment. Supportive evidence\nfor a yeast diaper rash diagnosis would be the presence of an oral yeast\ninfection (thrush). Laboratory testing and/or examination by a dermatologist\nis rarely necessary.\n\n### How is a Diaper Rash Caused by Yeast Infections Treated?\n\nThe primary treatment for Candida diaper rash involves antifungal topical\ntreatment and decreasing moisture in the diaper area. Nystatin (Mycostatin),\nclotrimazole (Lotrimin), and miconazole (Micatin, Monistat-Derm) are topical\nover-the-counter (nonprescription) treatments of equal strength for treating\nCandida diaper dermatitis. Occasionally, other prescription antifungal creams,\nsuch as ketoconazole (Nizoral cream) and econazole (Spectazole) may be\nnecessary. How long treatment should last has not been completely defined,\nalthough typically the cream or ointment is applied at each diaper change\nuntil the rash is resolved, usually in four to seven days.\n\nBecause of the intestinal reservoir of Candida species in most patients with\nyeast diaper rash, some doctors recommend oral antifungal medications in\naddition to topical creams. No study has definitively answered the question\nwhether oral antifungal medications are helpful.\n\nSome dermatologists and pediatric infectious disease specialists point out\nthat the effectiveness of these topical creams has been waning over the last\nfew years. An alternative oral medication (fluconazole [Diflucan]) taken once\na day for two weeks can be very effective. Many pediatricians will initially\nrecommend one of the topical medications for ease and simplicity and use\nfluconazole if topical treatment is not effective.\n\nSome studies have indicated that preventing diaper rash may be done by\napplying barrier creams like zinc oxide (A+D Ointment, Desitin, Diaparene) or\npetroleum jelly (Vaseline, Aquaphor) to the diaper area after bathing. These\nproducts may help to decrease the ambient moisture in the diaper area after\nbathing or changing a diaper. Gentle cleaning to minimize skin breakdown may\nalso be helpful. Air exposure (for example, no diaper) is also therapeutic.\n\n#### Bad Bugs and Their Bites\n\n#### Sex Drive Killers\n\n#### Cancerous Tumors\n\n#### Multiple Sclerosis\n\n#### Adult Skin Problems\n\n#### Habits That Wreck Your Teeth\n\n#### Manage Diabetes in 10 Minutes\n\n#### Erectile Dysfunction\n\n#### Type 2 Diabetes Warning Signs\n\n#### Health Benefits of Sex\n\n#### Scalp, Hair and Nails\n\n#### ADHD Symptoms in Children?\n\n### What Natural Home Remedies Treat a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash in Babies?\n\nThere are several approaches that will be helpful in eradicating and\npreventing a yeast infection in the diaper area. Air exposure (no diapers) of\nthe skin region is invaluable. The backyard is often a site where the child\ncan be without diapers. The establishment of toilet training is also very\nhelpful. As the child is developmentally ready, the transition from diaper to\ncotton underwear is beneficial. If diapers are needed, utilizing an absorbent\ndisposable product is superior to either cloth or nonabsorbent disposable\ndiapers. Keeping the diaper area skin clean by rapid diaper changing as\nindicated is also helpful. Lastly, application of a topical preventative\nbarrier cream such as petroleum jelly (Vaseline) or zinc oxide (A+D Ointment)\nare helpful preventive measures.\n\n### Does the Type of Diaper Matter for Yeast Diaper Rashes?\n\nDiaper rashes decrease to the extent that diapered skin can have an\nenvironment closer to that of undiapered skin. The less time that infants wear\ndiapers, the less the chance that they develop a diaper rash. However, the\nneed to wear diapers must also be considered. Disposable diapers are\nassociated with fewer cases of yeast diaper rash than are cloth diapers.\nDisposable diapers have absorbent gelling materials that draw moisture away\nfrom delicate skin surfaces. Infants who wear breathable disposable diapers\ndeveloped significantly fewer diaper rashes of any type than infants who wore\nstandard, non-breathable disposable diapers in a series of clinical trials.\n\nAn evaluation of past clinical studies conducted before and after the\nintroduction of absorbent gelling materials in diapers confirms that use of\nthese materials has been associated with a definite reduction in the severity\nof diaper rash. Survival of Candida colonies was reduced by almost two-thirds\nin the breathable diaper-covered sites compared to the control sites.\n\n##### YOU MAY ALSO LIKE\n\nVIEW\n\nSimple Tips to Keep Baby's Skin Healthy\n\n### What Are Anti-Yeast Infection Treatments In Babies?\n\nBetamethasone dipropionate is a fluorinated high-potency topical\ncorticosteroid that is formulated with clotrimazole in the brand-named product\nLotrisone. This product is frequently used inappropriately in intertriginous\n(diaper regions where deep folds of skin overlap) areas. Such potent\ncorticosteroids have no role in the treatment of a Candida diaper rash. The\nabsorption of such a highly potent steroid may produce multiple (and\npotentially severe) side effects.\n\n### How Long Does It Take for a Diaper Rash to Heal?\n\nPrevention and the above-described therapies yield an excellent prognosis for\na yeast infection in the diaper area. The naturally recurrent nature of a\nyeast infection in the diaper area should not be interpreted as a failure of\nparenting skills. Sometimes it just happens.\n\n### Is It Possible to Prevent a Yeast Infection Diaper Rash?\n\nTopical therapy, including barrier creams and disposable diapers, decreases\nthe incidence and extent of yeast diaper rash. Frequent diaper changes with\nthe superabsorbent disposable diapers create an environment that does not let\nyeast thrive. Cleaning that is gentle and minimizes skin breakdown can help as\nwell. Air exposure is also helpful.\n\n## Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Top Transitional Care\n * Tools to Improve Health\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n\n### From\n\n##### Parenting and Newborn Resources\n\n * Could Your Child Have Type 1 Diabetes?\n\n##### Featured Centers\n\n * Good and Bad Foods for Psoriasis\n * Video: Getting Personal on Life With MS\n\n##### Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Shot-Free MS Treatment\n * Your Child and COVID-19\n\n### Diaper Rash Treatment\n\n * If the child (or adult) appears to have a candidal infection, the doctor may recommend antifungal creams or medicines.\n * If the child has impetigo (a bacterial infection), antibiotics may be prescribed.\n * Your doctor may recommend a short course of mild topical steroid cream or ointment if the rash does not appear to be a fungal infection.\n\nRead more about the various types of diaper rashes »\n\nReviewed on 10/4/2019\n\nReferences\n\nCandidiasis. CDC. Updated: Apr 12, 2019.\n<http://www.cdc.gov/fungal/diseases/candidiasis/index.html>.\n\nCONTINUE SCROLLING FOR RELATED SLIDESHOW\n\n©2021 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved. eMedicineHealth does not provide\nmedical advice, diagnosis or treatment. See Additional Information.\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171013120240/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/symptoms/con-20035129",
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"title": "Yeast infection (vaginal) Symptoms",
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"parsed_md": "Yeast infection (vaginal) Symptoms - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.medicinenet.com/image-collection/baby_yeast_infections_picture/picture.htm",
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"title": "Baby Yeast Infections Pictures",
"passages": [
"Thrush is a yeast infection that causes white patches in the mouth and on the tongue. Thrush is most common in babies and older adults, but it can occur at any age.",
"In babies, it is easy to mistake thrush for milk or formula. It looks like cottage cheese or milk curds. Don't try to wipe away these patches, because you can make them red and sore. Some babies with thrush can be cranky and do not want to eat."
]
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"parsed_md": "Baby Yeast Infections Pictures - MedicineNet\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n * SEARCH\n * SYMPTOM CHECKER\n\nhome/healthy kids center/ healthy kids a-z list/ image collection a-z list/\nbaby yeast infections picture article\n\n# Fungal Skin Infections\n\n### Picture of Baby Yeast Infections\n\nThrush is a yeast infection that causes white patches in the mouth and on the\ntongue. Thrush is most common in babies and older adults, but it can occur at\nany age.\n\nIn babies, it is easy to mistake thrush for milk or formula. It looks like\ncottage cheese or milk curds. Don't try to wipe away these patches, because\nyou can make them red and sore. Some babies with thrush can be cranky and do\nnot want to eat.\n\nImage: Advertisement\n\nText: \"Thrush - Topic Overview\", WebMD Medical Reference from Healthwise\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm",
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"title": "Vaginal yeast infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia",
"passages": [
"Most women have a vaginal yeast infection at some time. Candida albicans is a common type of fungus. It is often found in small amounts in the vagina, mouth, digestive tract, and on the skin. Most of the time, it does not cause infection or symptoms.",
"Candida and the many other germs that normally live in the vagina keep each other in balance. However, sometimes the number of Candida increases, leading to a yeast infection.",
"A yeast infection is not spread through sexual contact. However, some men will develop symptoms such as itching and a rash on the penis after having sexual contact with an infected partner.",
"Having many vaginal yeast infections may be a sign of other health problems. Other vaginal infections and discharges can be mistaken for a vaginal yeast infection.",
"A small amount of the vaginal discharge is examined using a microscope. This is called a wet mount and KOH test.",
"Medicines to treat vaginal yeast infections are available as creams, ointments, vaginal tablets or suppositories. Most can be bought without needing to see your health care provider.",
"You will need to take the medicine for 1 - 7 days, depending on which medicine you buy. (If you do not get repeated infections, a 1-day medicine might work for you.)",
"Keep your genital area clean and dry. Avoid soap and rinse with water only. Sitting in a warm, but not hot, bath may help your symptoms.",
"Avoid douching. Although many women feel cleaner if they douche after their period or intercourse, it may worsen vaginal discharge. Douching removes healthy bacteria lining the vagina that protect against infection.",
"Eat yogurt with live cultures or take Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets when you are on antibiotics. This will help to prevent a yeast infection.",
"Wear cotton underwear or cotton-crotch pantyhose. Avoid underwear made of silk or nylon, because they can increase sweating in the genital area, which can cause irritation.",
"Avoid wearing wet bathing suits or exercise clothing for long periods of time. Wash sweaty or wet clothes after each use.",
"Repeat infections that occur right after treatment, or a yeast infection that does not respond well to treatment, may be an early sign of diabetes or rarely, HIV.",
"Eckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract. In: Lentz GM, Lobo RA, Gershenson DM, Katz VL, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2012:chap 23.",
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"The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Vaginal yeast infection: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nVaginal yeast infection\n\nURL of this page: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/001511.htm\n\n# Vaginal yeast infection\n\nVaginal yeast infection is an infection of the vagina. It is most commonly due\nto the fungus Candida albicans.\n\n## Causes\n\nMost women have a vaginal yeast infection at some time. Candida albicans is a\ncommon type of fungus. It is often found in small amounts in the vagina,\nmouth, digestive tract, and on the skin. Most of the time, it does not cause\ninfection or symptoms.\n\nCandida and the many other germs that normally live in the vagina keep each\nother in balance. However, sometimes the number of Candida increases, leading\nto a yeast infection.\n\nThis can happen if:\n\n * You are taking antibiotics used to treat another infection. Antibiotics change the normal balance between germs in the vagina.\n * You are pregnant\n * You are obese\n * You have diabetes\n\nA yeast infection is not spread through sexual contact. However, some men will\ndevelop symptoms such as itching and a rash on the penis after having sexual\ncontact with an infected partner.\n\nHaving many vaginal yeast infections may be a sign of other health problems.\nOther vaginal infections and discharges can be mistaken for a vaginal yeast\ninfection.\n\n## Symptoms\n\n * Abnormal vaginal discharge. Discharge can range from slightly watery, white discharge to thick, white, and chunky (like cottage cheese).\n * Itching and burning of the vagina and labia\n * Pain with intercourse\n * Painful urination\n * Redness and swelling of the skin just outside of the vagina (vulva)\n\n## Exams and Tests\n\nYou will have a pelvic exam. It may show:\n\n * Swelling and redness of the skin of the vulva, in the vagina, and on the cervix\n * Dry, white spots on the vaginal wall\n * Cracks in the skin of the vulva.\n\nA small amount of the vaginal discharge is examined using a microscope. This\nis called a wet mount and KOH test.\n\nSometimes, a culture is taken when the infection does not get better with\ntreatment or comes back many times.\n\nYour health care provider may order other tests to rule out other causes of\nyour symptoms.\n\n## Treatment\n\nMedicines to treat vaginal yeast infections are available as creams,\nointments, vaginal tablets or suppositories. Most can be bought without\nneeding to see your health care provider.\n\nTreating yourself at home is probably OK if:\n\n * Your symptoms are mild and you do not have pelvic pain or a fever\n * This is not your first yeast infection and you have not had many yeast infections in the past\n * You are not pregnant\n * You are not worried about other sexually transmitted infections from recent sexual contact\n\nMedicines you can buy yourself to treat a vaginal yeast infection are:\n\n * Miconazole\n * Clotrimazole\n * Tioconazole\n * Butoconazole\n\nWhen using these medicines:\n\n * Read the packages carefully and use them as directed.\n * You will need to take the medicine for 1 - 7 days, depending on which medicine you buy. (If you do not get repeated infections, a 1-day medicine might work for you.)\n * Do not stop using these medicines early because your symptoms are better.\n\nYou doctor can also prescribe a pill that you only take by mouth once.\n\nIf your symptoms are worse or you get vaginal yeast infections often, you may\nneed:\n\n * Medicine for up to 14 days\n * Clotrimazole vaginal suppository or fluconazole pill every week to prevent new infections\n\nTo help prevent and treat vaginal discharge:\n\n * Keep your genital area clean and dry. Avoid soap and rinse with water only. Sitting in a warm, but not hot, bath may help your symptoms.\n * Avoid douching. Although many women feel cleaner if they douche after their period or intercourse, it may worsen vaginal discharge. Douching removes healthy bacteria lining the vagina that protect against infection.\n * Eat yogurt with live cultures or take Lactobacillus acidophilus tablets when you are on antibiotics. This will help to prevent a yeast infection.\n * Use condoms to avoid catching or spreading infections.\n * Avoid using feminine hygiene sprays, fragrances, or powders in the genital area.\n * Avoid wearing tight-fitting pants or shorts, which may cause irritation.\n * Wear cotton underwear or cotton-crotch pantyhose. Avoid underwear made of silk or nylon, because they can increase sweating in the genital area, which can cause irritation.\n * Use pads and not tampons.\n * Keep your blood sugar levels under good control if you have diabetes.\n * Avoid wearing wet bathing suits or exercise clothing for long periods of time. Wash sweaty or wet clothes after each use.\n\n## Outlook (Prognosis)\n\nMost of the time, symptoms go away completely with proper treatment.\n\n## Possible Complications\n\nA lot of scratching may cause the skin to crack, making you more likely to get\na skin infection.\n\nRepeat infections that occur right after treatment, or a yeast infection that\ndoes not respond well to treatment, may be an early sign of diabetes or\nrarely, HIV.\n\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\n\nCall your health care provider if:\n\n * This is the first time that you have had symptoms of a vaginal yeast infection\n * You are not sure if you have a yeast infection\n * Your symptoms don't go away after using over-the-counter medicines\n * Your symptoms get worse\n * You develop other symptoms\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nYeast infection - vagina; Vaginal candidiasis; Monilial vaginitis\n\n## Images\n\n * Candida, fluorescent stain\n * Female reproductive anatomy\n * Yeast infections\n * Secondary infection\n * Uterus\n * Normal uterine anatomy (cut section)\n\n## References\n\nBiggs WS, Williams RM. Common gynecologic infections. Prim Care\n\nHabif TP. Superficial fungal infections. In: Habif TP, ed. Clinical\nDermatology. 5th ed. St. Louis, Mo: Mosby Elsevier; 2009:chap 13.\n\nEckert LO, Lentz GM. Infections of the lower genital tract. In: Lentz GM, Lobo\nRA, Gershenson DM, Katz VL, eds. Comprehensive Gynecology. 6th ed.\nPhiladelphia, Pa: Mosby Elsevier; 2012:chap 23.\n\nMerritt DF. Vulvovaginitis. In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE, Jenson HB, Stanton\nBF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed. Philadelphia, Pa: Saunders\nElsevier; 2011:chap 543.\n\n## Read More\n\n * Candida infection of the skin\n * Chronic\n * Diabetes\n * HIV/AIDS\n * Hormone levels\n * Itching\n * Rashes\n * Secondary infections\n * Vagina\n * Vulva\n\n## Update Date 11/10/2013\n\nUpdated by: Susan Storck, MD, FACOG, Chief, Eastside Department of Obstetrics\nand Gynecology, Group Health Cooperative of Puget Sound, Bellevue, Washington;\nClinical Teaching Faculty, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University\nof Washington School of Medicine. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA,\nBethanne Black, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\n\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\n\n * Vaginal Diseases\n * Yeast Infections\n\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Get email updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Quality Guidelines\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210107082605/https://www.mayoclinic.org/male-yeast-infection/expert-answers/faq-20058464",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Yeast infection in men: How can I tell if I have one?",
"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Yeast infection in men: How can I tell if I have one? - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171008034147/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/prevention/CON-20035129",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Yeast infection (vaginal) Prevention",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Yeast infection (vaginal) Prevention - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20141104033302/https://www.msu.edu/~eisthen/yeast/causes.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "yeast infection",
"passages": [
"There are two good reasons to learn a bit about the causes of vaginal yeast infections. First, if you have recurring yeast infections, you can figure out what's causing them and then work to prevent them, rather than just working to kill the yeast every time they take over. Second, if you know what kinds of things cause you to get yeast infections, you can be alert for symptoms and treat them early on with the generally-milder do-it-yourself remedies, rather than bombarding your body with drugs.",
"Vaginal yeast infections are caused by Candida albicans, which, along with a few types of bacteria, are normally present in relatively small numbers in your crotch. Sometimes the yeast multiply rapidly and take over, causing a full-fledged yeast infection, or, in the heart-warming terminology of the medical establishment, candidiasis or monilia. This can be due to a change in the vaginal environment, injury, sexual transmission, or HIV. Common environmental disruptions that favor yeast include increased pH, increased heat and moisture, allergic reactions, elevated sugar levels, hormonal fluxes, and reductions in the populations of bacteria that are normally present. These can generally be traced to a few categories of culprits:",
"ANTIBIOTICS are probably the leading cause of vaginal yeast infections in American wimmin, and are a great example of the important principle that by using technology to solve problems, we create other problems. Say you take an antibiotic to cure your sinus infection. The antibiotic kills the unwanted bacteria in your sinuses, but can also kill the \"good\" bacteria in your crotch, upsetting the balance of your vaginal ecosystem, allowing the yeast to take over. (Antibacterial deodorant soap can have the same effect.) Most wimmin have problems with only a few types of antibiotics, or with prolonged antiobiotic treatment. Others get yeast infections every time they take antibiotics. Unfortunately, I know of no way of preventing an antibiotic-induced yeast infection; you just have to treat it once it starts.",
"CLOTHING: crotch yeasties flourish in non-cotton, tight, or dirty clothes that trap heat and moisture. No doubt Xena, Warrior Princess, gets infections all the time from that leather underwear. Your absolutely best bet is to wear a skirt with no underwear or tights, and definitely avoid pantyhose. If you've ever had an urge to go for that sexy thigh-high stocking look but have been too shy, here's the excuse you've been looking for. And if you do wear underwear, your safest bet is unbleached, undyed cotton underwear and breathable clothes. It's a good idea to change your underpants regularly, like maybe once a day. If at all possible, don't sleep in underwear; if you do, put on clean stuff. Yeast can live in your underwear, so be sure to wash it well, particularly during and after a yeast infection. Some medical types think that when you have a yeast infection, you should wash and dry your underwear and then iron it or throw it in the microwave on high for 5 min to kill the yeast. On the other hand, check out this testimonial: \"I wanted to alert your readers that putting underwear in the microwave for 5 minutes is a VERY BAD IDEA... I went off to finish my nightly ablutions, leaving the underwear nuking away. I came back to a little black melted pile and an incredibly difficult to clean microwave.\" There you have it. I personally am going to stick to ironing.",
"CHEMICALS, such as inks, dyes, and perfumes, can upset the balance in your crotch or trigger allergic reactions that lead to yeast infections. The classic example is commercial douches, which have no benefits and are definitely harmful to the vaginal environment and your health. You know those odor-causing bacteria that their products help you get rid of? Well, they're the same bacteria that kill the yeast in your crotch! On top of that, soaps are not only disruptive to the vaginal environment, but can damage your mucus membranes. You should never soap your crotch. But there are other, less obvious sources of nasty chemicals. For example, i've had serious problems with nasty perfumed toilet paper, like Charmin; 5 days of that and i am yeast central. If you think that's your problem, try an unscented, undyed toilet paper, like Scott. Even better, use a recycled, unbleached eco brand. Similarly, some laundry detergents and fabric softeners have allergenic dyes and perfumes; I invariably get yeast infections from underwear washed in Liquid Tide, and a friend of mine gets them from underwear washed in Wisk. Again, try an eco brand, or something like Arm & Hammer fragrance free detergent. Additives in bubble baths or bath salts, scented tampons or sanitary pads, or (heaven forbid) feminine deodorant sprays, can similarly trigger yeast infections.",
"CONDOMS can promote yeast infections in two different ways. First, a lot of condoms come packaged with a lubricant that contains nonoxynol-9, a spermicide that may kill the HIV virus. A friend of mine insisted for years that she gets a yeast infection every time she comes in contact with the stuff. Sure enough, several studies have now shown that nonoxynol-9 is linked to yeast infections. If you suspect this is your problem, try using a condom that doesn't have a spermicidal lubricant, and use a different spermicide or additional barrier protection. Condoms can also cause yeast infections if you are allergic to latex, although this is less common. If this is the case, don't give up hope on practicing safer sex. You may want to try some of the newer non-latex (often polyurethane) condoms for boys or girls.",
"DIET: Some people say that cutting down on yeast-containing foods helps lessen the intensity or frequency of vaginal yeast infections. I don't understand how this could matter, because the kind of yeast that's found in foods like bread or beer is not at all like the yeast found in the vagina. But hey, it can't hurt, and it might help. Similarly, many people believe that high levels of sugar in your diet can contribute to yeast infections, presumably by elevating sugar levels in your urine, giving the yeast more food. I can't see how this could happen in a healthy person, but if you think it's a problem for you, cut down on your sugar and alcohol intake. It is clear that wimmin with poorly controlled diabetes get frequent yeast infections, precisely because of sugar in the urine. If you have frequent yeast infections and have other symptoms of diabetes, like you're always thirsty and you have to urinate often, go see a doctor. Finally, most advocates of dietary causes also list caffeine as a factor. Again, I don't understand the connection and personally can't imagine my life without caffeine, but it's up to you.",
"HORMONES, both naturally-occurring and artificially introduced, can affect yeast. For example, pregnant wimmin are particularly prone to yeast infections. Many wimmin taking contraceptive pills experience regular yeast infections as their hormone levels fluctuate. I was on the pill for a while, and got a yeast infection every single month, right before my period. Also, whether or not you're on the pill, yeast generally doesn't like the pH of menstrual blood, so mild yeast infections will often go away during your period. Don't count your chickens, though, because the yeast will sometimes rebound as soon as your period is over. Likewise, steroids used in the treatment of disorders like arthritis, asthma, or lupus can contribute to yeast infections.",
"INJURY to the vulvar or vaginal membranes can lead to a yeast infection. This is almost always due to too much friction with not enough lubrication. In other words, if you or someone else is rubbing something in your vagina or against your crotch, be sure you're really wet. And if you're not wet enough on your own, don't be shy about adding lubrication, but be smart about what you use: oil-based products, like vaseline, break down latex; and even non-oily handcreams contain dyes and perfumes that can cause yeast infections! Spit works, but only for a bit, and some people think it can lead to yeast infections. Your best bet is to use a product designed as a sex lubricant, like K-Y (cheap but nasty), or better yet, Astroglide, Wet, or the like (more expensive, but slipperier and longer-lasting), or, possibly best yet, Sliquid (organic and all-natural!).",
"SEXUAL TRANSMISSION: Candida can be transmitted between people by direct contact, and so can actually be a sexually-transmitted disease. Lesbian partners are particularly susceptible to passing yeast infections back and forth, so if you or your lover has an active infection you should be extra-careful to follow the safer sex guidelines: wash your hands or change your gloves in between touching your own crotch and your partner's, and keep your toys clean clean clean. And you should be aware that men can get yeast infections, often without obvious symptoms. It's not uncommon for a yeast-infected woman who has unprotected sex with a man to infect her lover, treat her own infection, and then get reinfected next time she has sex with him. If you think your male lover might have a yeast infection, get him some treatment, and practice safe sex at least until both of you are sure that your infections are gone.",
"WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM: wimmin with compromised immune systems due to HIV or Lyme disease are extremely prone to suffering from yeast infections. In addition to vaginal yeast infections, such people are particularly susceptible to thrush, a yeast infection of the throat, or esophageal yeast infections. The web contains several good fact sheets on candida infections in people with HIV, like those from The Body, Project Inform, the Community Aids Treatment Exchange / Reseau communautaire d'info-traitements sida, and the AIDS Treatment Data Network.",
"According to a wonderful woman who emailed me, wimmin who are unable to walk can have bad yeast problems, and health care staff don't always do what they should to prevent this problem. Here's what she has to say.",
"\"Sitting all day provides the perfect environment for growth of yeast and bacteria because the crotch is warm, dark and moist. This situation is further complicated if the disabled person can't do her own personal care or is imprisoned in a nursing home where ignorance abounds among the staff concerning yeast infection prevention. I have learned from doctors and by trial and error how to prevent most internal vaginal and external skin yeast infections with some simple procedures. 1. Thorough washing of the crotch and rectal areas morning and evening with Neutrogena soap. The disabled person should be seated on a shower chair with an open seat or on a toilet. 2. Crotch and rectal areas should be thoroughly rinsed with plenty of warm running water to flush the soap, yeast and bacteria from the skin. Use a shower head or pour warm water from a container. 3. Towel dry and then use a blowdryer set on low to finish drying the skin in the crotch and rectal areas. 4. Apply a little Zesorb powder to the skin in the crotch to absorb perspiration. 5. Avoid sitting on plastic or synthetic materials because they don't absorb perspiration and keep the skin warmer. Try sitting on a real sheepskin that has about an inch of washed and combed wool attached to it. Wool will absorb perspiration and is cooler to sit on. 6. Wear loose fitting cotton underpants and change them two or three times a day to avoid having perspiration dampened underpants in contact with the skin.\"",
"If you have an active yeast infection, you should refrain from sexual activity that involves vaginal penetration, you should not use tampons, you should not use commercial douches, and you should take extra care to change your underwear and/or menstrual pads often."
]
},
"parsed_md": "yeast infection / causes\n\ncauses wheelchair info warning\n\n# THE BASICS\n\nintroduction causes symptoms\n\n# TREATMENTS\n\ndo-it-yourself over the counter prescription\n\n# SAD BUT TRUE\n\nmen get 'em too\n\n# NUBBINS\n\nfaq thanks legal feedback\n\n# CAUSES OF YEAST INFECTIONS\n\nThere are two good reasons to learn a bit about the causes of vaginal yeast\ninfections. First, if you have recurring yeast infections, you can figure out\nwhat's causing them and then work to prevent them, rather than just working to\nkill the yeast every time they take over. Second, if you know what kinds of\nthings cause you to get yeast infections, you can be alert for symptoms and\ntreat them early on with the generally-milder do-it-yourself remedies, rather\nthan bombarding your body with drugs.\n\nVaginal yeast infections are caused by Candida albicans, which, along with a\nfew types of bacteria, are normally present in relatively small numbers in\nyour crotch. Sometimes the yeast multiply rapidly and take over, causing a\nfull-fledged yeast infection, or, in the heart-warming terminology of the\nmedical establishment, candidiasis or monilia. This can be due to a change in\nthe vaginal environment, injury, sexual transmission, or HIV. Common\nenvironmental disruptions that favor yeast include increased pH, increased\nheat and moisture, allergic reactions, elevated sugar levels, hormonal fluxes,\nand reductions in the populations of bacteria that are normally present. These\ncan generally be traced to a few categories of culprits:\n\n * ANTIBIOTICS are probably the leading cause of vaginal yeast infections in American wimmin, and are a great example of the important principle that by using technology to solve problems, we create other problems. Say you take an antibiotic to cure your sinus infection. The antibiotic kills the unwanted bacteria in your sinuses, but can also kill the \"good\" bacteria in your crotch, upsetting the balance of your vaginal ecosystem, allowing the yeast to take over. (Antibacterial deodorant soap can have the same effect.) Most wimmin have problems with only a few types of antibiotics, or with prolonged antiobiotic treatment. Others get yeast infections every time they take antibiotics. Unfortunately, I know of no way of preventing an antibiotic-induced yeast infection; you just have to treat it once it starts.\n * CLOTHING: crotch yeasties flourish in non-cotton, tight, or dirty clothes that trap heat and moisture. No doubt Xena, Warrior Princess, gets infections all the time from that leather underwear. Your absolutely best bet is to wear a skirt with no underwear or tights, and definitely avoid pantyhose. If you've ever had an urge to go for that sexy thigh-high stocking look but have been too shy, here's the excuse you've been looking for. And if you do wear underwear, your safest bet is unbleached, undyed cotton underwear and breathable clothes. It's a good idea to change your underpants regularly, like maybe once a day. If at all possible, don't sleep in underwear; if you do, put on clean stuff. Yeast can live in your underwear, so be sure to wash it well, particularly during and after a yeast infection. Some medical types think that when you have a yeast infection, you should wash and dry your underwear and then iron it or throw it in the microwave on high for 5 min to kill the yeast. On the other hand, check out this testimonial: \"I wanted to alert your readers that putting underwear in the microwave for 5 minutes is a VERY BAD IDEA... I went off to finish my nightly ablutions, leaving the underwear nuking away. I came back to a little black melted pile and an incredibly difficult to clean microwave.\" There you have it. I personally am going to stick to ironing.\n * CHEMICALS, such as inks, dyes, and perfumes, can upset the balance in your crotch or trigger allergic reactions that lead to yeast infections. The classic example is commercial douches, which have no benefits and are definitely harmful to the vaginal environment and your health. You know those odor-causing bacteria that their products help you get rid of? Well, they're the same bacteria that kill the yeast in your crotch! On top of that, soaps are not only disruptive to the vaginal environment, but can damage your mucus membranes. You should never soap your crotch. But there are other, less obvious sources of nasty chemicals. For example, i've had serious problems with nasty perfumed toilet paper, like Charmin; 5 days of that and i am yeast central. If you think that's your problem, try an unscented, undyed toilet paper, like Scott. Even better, use a recycled, unbleached eco brand. Similarly, some laundry detergents and fabric softeners have allergenic dyes and perfumes; I invariably get yeast infections from underwear washed in Liquid Tide, and a friend of mine gets them from underwear washed in Wisk. Again, try an eco brand, or something like Arm & Hammer fragrance free detergent. Additives in bubble baths or bath salts, scented tampons or sanitary pads, or (heaven forbid) feminine deodorant sprays, can similarly trigger yeast infections.\n * CONDOMS can promote yeast infections in two different ways. First, a lot of condoms come packaged with a lubricant that contains nonoxynol-9, a spermicide that may kill the HIV virus. A friend of mine insisted for years that she gets a yeast infection every time she comes in contact with the stuff. Sure enough, several studies have now shown that nonoxynol-9 is linked to yeast infections. If you suspect this is your problem, try using a condom that doesn't have a spermicidal lubricant, and use a different spermicide or additional barrier protection. Condoms can also cause yeast infections if you are allergic to latex, although this is less common. If this is the case, don't give up hope on practicing safer sex. You may want to try some of the newer non-latex (often polyurethane) condoms for boys or girls.\n * DIET: Some people say that cutting down on yeast-containing foods helps lessen the intensity or frequency of vaginal yeast infections. I don't understand how this could matter, because the kind of yeast that's found in foods like bread or beer is not at all like the yeast found in the vagina. But hey, it can't hurt, and it might help. Similarly, many people believe that high levels of sugar in your diet can contribute to yeast infections, presumably by elevating sugar levels in your urine, giving the yeast more food. I can't see how this could happen in a healthy person, but if you think it's a problem for you, cut down on your sugar and alcohol intake. It is clear that wimmin with poorly controlled diabetes get frequent yeast infections, precisely because of sugar in the urine. If you have frequent yeast infections and have other symptoms of diabetes, like you're always thirsty and you have to urinate often, go see a doctor. Finally, most advocates of dietary causes also list caffeine as a factor. Again, I don't understand the connection and personally can't imagine my life without caffeine, but it's up to you.\n * HORMONES, both naturally-occurring and artificially introduced, can affect yeast. For example, pregnant wimmin are particularly prone to yeast infections. Many wimmin taking contraceptive pills experience regular yeast infections as their hormone levels fluctuate. I was on the pill for a while, and got a yeast infection every single month, right before my period. Also, whether or not you're on the pill, yeast generally doesn't like the pH of menstrual blood, so mild yeast infections will often go away during your period. Don't count your chickens, though, because the yeast will sometimes rebound as soon as your period is over. Likewise, steroids used in the treatment of disorders like arthritis, asthma, or lupus can contribute to yeast infections.\n * INJURY to the vulvar or vaginal membranes can lead to a yeast infection. This is almost always due to too much friction with not enough lubrication. In other words, if you or someone else is rubbing something in your vagina or against your crotch, be sure you're really wet. And if you're not wet enough on your own, don't be shy about adding lubrication, but be smart about what you use: oil-based products, like vaseline, break down latex; and even non-oily handcreams contain dyes and perfumes that can cause yeast infections! Spit works, but only for a bit, and some people think it can lead to yeast infections. Your best bet is to use a product designed as a sex lubricant, like K-Y (cheap but nasty), or better yet, Astroglide, Wet, or the like (more expensive, but slipperier and longer-lasting), or, possibly best yet, Sliquid (organic and all-natural!).\n * SEXUAL TRANSMISSION: Candida can be transmitted between people by direct contact, and so can actually be a sexually-transmitted disease. Lesbian partners are particularly susceptible to passing yeast infections back and forth, so if you or your lover has an active infection you should be extra-careful to follow the safer sex guidelines: wash your hands or change your gloves in between touching your own crotch and your partner's, and keep your toys clean clean clean. And you should be aware that men can get yeast infections, often without obvious symptoms. It's not uncommon for a yeast-infected woman who has unprotected sex with a man to infect her lover, treat her own infection, and then get reinfected next time she has sex with him. If you think your male lover might have a yeast infection, get him some treatment, and practice safe sex at least until both of you are sure that your infections are gone.\n * WEAKENED IMMUNE SYSTEM: wimmin with compromised immune systems due to HIV or Lyme disease are extremely prone to suffering from yeast infections. In addition to vaginal yeast infections, such people are particularly susceptible to thrush, a yeast infection of the throat, or esophageal yeast infections. The web contains several good fact sheets on candida infections in people with HIV, like those from The Body, Project Inform, the Community Aids Treatment Exchange / Reseau communautaire d'info-traitements sida, and the AIDS Treatment Data Network.\n\n# ADVICE FOR WIMMIN IN WHEELCHAIRS\n\nAccording to a wonderful woman who emailed me, wimmin who are unable to walk\ncan have bad yeast problems, and health care staff don't always do what they\nshould to prevent this problem. Here's what she has to say.\n\n\"Sitting all day provides the perfect environment for growth of yeast and\nbacteria because the crotch is warm, dark and moist. This situation is further\ncomplicated if the disabled person can't do her own personal care or is\nimprisoned in a nursing home where ignorance abounds among the staff\nconcerning yeast infection prevention. I have learned from doctors and by\ntrial and error how to prevent most internal vaginal and external skin yeast\ninfections with some simple procedures. 1. Thorough washing of the crotch and\nrectal areas morning and evening with Neutrogena soap. The disabled person\nshould be seated on a shower chair with an open seat or on a toilet. 2. Crotch\nand rectal areas should be thoroughly rinsed with plenty of warm running water\nto flush the soap, yeast and bacteria from the skin. Use a shower head or pour\nwarm water from a container. 3. Towel dry and then use a blowdryer set on low\nto finish drying the skin in the crotch and rectal areas. 4. Apply a little\nZesorb powder to the skin in the crotch to absorb perspiration. 5. Avoid\nsitting on plastic or synthetic materials because they don't absorb\nperspiration and keep the skin warmer. Try sitting on a real sheepskin that\nhas about an inch of washed and combed wool attached to it. Wool will absorb\nperspiration and is cooler to sit on. 6. Wear loose fitting cotton underpants\nand change them two or three times a day to avoid having perspiration dampened\nunderpants in contact with the skin.\"\n\n# WARNING\n\nIf you have an active yeast infection, you should refrain from sexual activity\nthat involves vaginal penetration, you should not use tampons, you should not\nuse commercial douches, and you should take extra care to change your\nunderwear and/or menstrual pads often.\n\nLast page revision = 26 December 2009.\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170927025646/http://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/yeast-infection/basics/alternative-medicine/con-20035129",
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"title": "Yeast infection (vaginal) Alternative medicine",
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"parsed_md": "Yeast infection (vaginal) Alternative medicine - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/drugs-supplements/acidophilus/background/hrb-20058615",
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9,587,949 | How To Prove the Earth Is Round | One way to prove the earth is round is to lie on the ground and watch the sun set below the horizon. After the sun sets, quickly stand up and look at the horizon — you should be able to see the sunset again! This is possible because of your higher vantage point. By standing up, you're able to see further over the earth's curve and catch a second glimpse of the sun. If the earth was flat, this wouldn't work! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210829181016/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210802102124/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143842/http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210425021315/https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html"
] | train | -1 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210829181016/http://www.bbc.com/earth/story/20160126-how-we-know-earth-is-round",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years",
"passages": [
"Long before anyone circumnavigated the globe or went into space, the ancient Greeks had figured out that the Earth is ball-shaped, rather than flat",
"How can a 16-mile distance between two points in a picture look flat, he questioned: \"Where is the curve? please explain this.\" A torrent of similar tweets followed.",
"Many people have tried to reason with him, including the astrophysicist and broadcaster Neil deGrasse Tyson. B.o.B has not been swayed.",
"We at BBC Earth wouldn't usually weigh in on conspiracy theories, but we couldn't let this one go. For one thing \"Earth\" is in our name, and anyway we think it's fun to know how these big facts about the universe got discovered.",
"Let's start with some pictures. Here is the Earth from one million miles away. This image was composed from a series of images taken by a NASA camera on the Deep Space Climate Observatory satellite.",
"And here is a picture of the Earth from the Moon. The Moon, as we can all see when we look up, is also round.",
"You will have your own view on the plausibility of that, but regardless, consider this: we knew the Earth was round long before we mastered space travel.",
"In other words, you see different sets of stars in the night sky depending on where you are. The sky over the northern hemisphere is not the same as the sky over the southern hemisphere. If the Earth was flat, then at any given time we would all see the same stars, and we don't.",
"He discovered that at noon in one Egyptian city, the Sun was directly overhead, whereas in a different city the Sun did not rise quite so high. Eratosthenes knew the distance between the two cities, measured how high in the sky the Sun rose to in each at the same time, then did some trigonometry. His method was crude, but his answer was in the right ballpark.",
"More recently, people have gone all the way round the Earth. The Portuguese explorer Ferdinand Magellan famously circumnavigated the Earth from 1519 to 1522, which would have been even more difficult if it had had an edge.",
"But long before Magellan, it was obvious to observant sailors that the Earth is round. If you sail towards something tall, like a mountain, you will see the top of it appearing over the horizon before the rest of it.",
"Copyright © 2021 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking."
]
},
"parsed_md": "BBC - Earth - We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years\n\nHomepage\n\n## Accessibility links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Accessibility Help\n\nBBC Account\n\nNotifications\n\nSearch\n\nEarth Menu\n\n * Home\n\n * Attenborough's Story of Life\n\n * Big Questions\n\n * Discoveries\n\n * Video\n\n * Earth by email\n\n * About us\n\n * The Big Questions\n * Earth\n\n# We have known that Earth is round for over 2,000 years\n\nLong before anyone circumnavigated the globe or went into space, the ancient\nGreeks had figured out that the Earth is ball-shaped, rather than flat\n\n * Share on Facebook\n\n * Share on Twitter\n\n * Share on Reddit\n\n * Share on WhatsApp\n\n * Share on Google+\n\n * Share by Email\n\n * Share on Facebook\n\n * Share on Twitter\n\n * Share on Reddit\n\n * Share on StumbleUpon\n\n * Share on Google+\n\n * Share by Email\n\n * By Melissa Hogenboom\n\n26 January 2016\n\nThe well-known rapper B.o.B has been on a mission to convince his Twitter\nfollowers that the Earth is flat.\n\nHow can a 16-mile distance between two points in a picture look flat, he\nquestioned: \"Where is the curve? please explain this.\" A torrent of similar\ntweets followed.\n\nMany people have tried to reason with him, including the astrophysicist and\nbroadcaster Neil deGrasse Tyson. B.o.B has not been swayed.\n\nWe at BBC Earth wouldn't usually weigh in on conspiracy theories, but we\ncouldn't let this one go. For one thing \"Earth\" is in our name, and anyway we\nthink it's fun to know how these big facts about the universe got discovered.\n\nLet's start with some pictures. Here is the Earth from one million miles away.\nThis image was composed from a series of images taken by a NASA camera on the\nDeep Space Climate Observatory satellite.\n\nView image of Our round Earth (Credit: Nasa)\n\nAnd here is a picture of the Earth from the Moon. The Moon, as we can all see\nwhen we look up, is also round.\n\nView image of A view of Earth from the moon (Credit: Nasa)\n\nNone of this concerns B.o.B, because he also claims that all such NASA imagery\nis faked.\n\nYou will have your own view on the plausibility of that, but regardless,\nconsider this: we knew the Earth was round long before we mastered space\ntravel.\n\nOver 2,000 years ago, the Greek philosopher Aristotle had it all figured out.\n\n> The fact that Earth is round has been common knowledge ever since\n\nIn his book On the Heavens, he wrote: \"Again, our observations of the stars\nmake it evident, not only that the Earth is circular, but also that it is a\ncircle of no great size. For quite a small change of position to south or\nnorth causes a manifest alteration of the horizon.\"\n\nIn other words, you see different sets of stars in the night sky depending on\nwhere you are. The sky over the northern hemisphere is not the same as the sky\nover the southern hemisphere. If the Earth was flat, then at any given time we\nwould all see the same stars, and we don't.\n\nAnother Greek thinker and mathematician, Eratosthenes, went further and\nmanaged to measure the Earth's circumference.\n\nHe discovered that at noon in one Egyptian city, the Sun was directly\noverhead, whereas in a different city the Sun did not rise quite so high.\nEratosthenes knew the distance between the two cities, measured how high in\nthe sky the Sun rose to in each at the same time, then did some trigonometry.\nHis method was crude, but his answer was in the right ballpark.\n\nThe fact that Earth is round has been common knowledge, at least among the\neducated and powerful, ever since.\n\nMore recently, people have gone all the way round the Earth. The Portuguese\nexplorer Ferdinand Magellan famously circumnavigated the Earth from 1519 to\n1522, which would have been even more difficult if it had had an edge.\n\nBut long before Magellan, it was obvious to observant sailors that the Earth\nis round. If you sail towards something tall, like a mountain, you will see\nthe top of it appearing over the horizon before the rest of it.\n\n## Follow BBC Earth\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Youtube\n\n * Instagram\n\n## Explore the BBC\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * iPlayer\n * Sounds\n * CBBC\n * CBeebies\n * Food\n * Bitesize\n * Arts\n * Taster\n * Local\n * Three\n\n * Terms of Use\n * About the BBC\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Accessibility Help\n * Parental Guidance\n * Contact the BBC\n * Get Personalised Newsletters\n\nCopyright © 2021 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\nsites. Read about our approach to external linking.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210802102124/https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round",
"passages": [
"I ask because an Internet conversation has surfaced among celebrities like former television personality Tila Tequila whereby they state the Earth is flat. On Monday, musician B.o.B took up the mantle on Twitter, spurring a spicy conversation with noted astrophysicist Neil DeGrasse Tyson. Tweets were exchanged on both sides, and eventually, rap songs too.",
"Dear @bobatl, as an astrophysicist I don’t rap, but I know people who do. This one has my back: https://t.co/BbMi4tzHLz",
"Any mere mortal can validate our planet’s shape with basic household items like lamps, rulers and soccer balls. So without further ado, here are seven ways that B.o.B, Miss Tequila or any round-Earth denier can convince themselves that the Earth is indeed round.",
"Every now and again, the Earth passes between the moon and the sun, completely blocking its light and casting a shadow across the moon called a lunar eclipse. If you look closely while this happens, you would notice that the Earth’s shadow forms an arc as it creeps across our view of the moon.",
"A combination photo shows the moon during a total lunar eclipse as seen from Mexico City, April 15, 2014. Photo by REUTERS/Edgard Garrido",
"You might respond, “You’ve shown the Earth is round, but couldn’t it be round, but still flat — a flat disc?” Well, your eyes and telescope would also spot the 3D spherical nature of the moon. The Flat Earth Society does admit that the moon, the sun and other planets are indeed spherical, but claim that the “Earth is not a planet,” and unlike other celestial bodies, is flat.",
"Experiment 2: Take a trip to San Francisco and Seattle Things you’ll need: A flight ticket, a long straight stick and a tape measure.",
"As theoretical physicist Ethan Siegel explains in great detail, you, me and B.o.B have something in common: we can use the sun to witness the curvature of the Earth. Here is Siegel:",
"...the Sun reaches a much higher point (and shines for more hours during the day) during the summer months, and reaches a significantly lower point (and shines for fewer hours) during the winter...",
"In fact, if you charted out the Sun’s path through the daytime sky, you would find that it takes its lowest path (for the fewest number of hours) on the Winter Solstice — usually December 21st — and its highest path (for the greatest number of hours) on the Summer Solstice, usually June 21st.",
"If you constructed a camera capable of photographing the Sun’s path through the sky over the course of the year, you would find exactly this: a series of arcs, where the highest, longest arc through the sky was made during the Summer Solstice and the lowest, shortest arc was made during the Winter Solstice.",
"While a scholar at the library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes heard of a deep well in the southward city of Syene (now Aswan, Egypt). Once a year on the summer solstice, the citizens of Syene noticed that sunlight reflected off the well’s bottom. They also saw that sticks and tall buildings cast no shadows, suggesting the sun was directly overhead. But in Alexandria, on the same day, Eratosthenes found that sticks did cast a shadow. By measuring the angles of those shadows and by hiring surveyors to measure the distance between Syene and Alexandria, he not only was able to calculate the curvature between the two cities but also the circumference of the entire Earth.",
"One of the keys to Eratosthenes discovery came from Syene being due south of Alexandria. Stated otherwise, they lie on the same meridian.",
"Luckily, the same applies to San Francisco and Seattle. If B.o.B were to ever perform in the two cities on back-to-back days, he could replicate the work of Eratosthenes himself. If he heads to a park on both days, he could jab a meter stick in the ground, measure the angle that the shadow makes with the ground at high noon and reproduce Eratosthenes’ calculation.",
"This experiment would work in any two cities on the same meridian, provided they’re 200 miles away from each other.",
"Perhaps B.o.B and his entourage don’t have the air miles for a trip between San Francisco and Seattle. No problem. All they need is a beach on the Pacific Coast (or an unobstructed view of the horizon).",
"As detailed by the folks at MinutePhysics, the horizon is one of the easiest ways to validate the Earth’s curvature. As the sun dips behind the horizon, it slips from your view in a bottom-up direction. If you watch the sunset while lying on your back, and then hop up as the last rays disappear, then you should be able to see the sunset again.",
"The same pattern applies to ships as they sail away — their hulls disappear from the bottom up. As MinutePhysics points out, if the Earth didn’t curve and the horizon didn’t exist, when you looked at Chicago from across Lake Michigan, you’d be able to see the the Rocky Mountains.",
"Experiment 4: Shadow games and time zones Things you’ll need: a 3D globe or soccer ball, a 2D world map and a bright lamp.",
"It’s always daytime somewhere and nighttime somewhere else. Five centuries of calculations argue that’s because the Earth is a spinning globe upon which the sun’s rays strike from a single direction.",
"You can test this idea with a lamp, a soccer ball and a dark room. Put the lamp and ball next to each other on a table. Now, turn off all the lights, and then switch on the lamp. Half of the ball should be illuminated, while the other half remains dark. If you want a facsimile of how this works for us, then replace the soccer ball with a globe.",
"The Flat Earth Society offers an alternative: The sun is a sphere with a diameter of 32 miles that is located approximately 3,000 miles above the surface of the Earth. They argue that the sun moves like a crib’s mobile, circling above our flat planetary disc.",
"If the sun is a spotlight, then why don’t we see sunbeams when they’re not shining directly over us? Image by Moriel Schottlender/smarterthanthat.com",
"The problem with this spotlight hypothesis is the sun doesn’t behave like a spotlight. Imagine you’re at a Broadway show, and you see a spotlight shining on a lead actor. You can see the light beams hitting their face, yet you’re sitting in darkness. But on Earth, you can’t stand in an open area and then look off in the distance and see the neighboring land basked in light.",
"Experiment 5: Ride a merry-go-round Things you’ll need: a ball, a merry-go- round and an adjacent jungle gym to stand upon.",
"Have you ever wondered why hurricanes swirl in one direction? The reason is the Coriolis Effect, and as National Geographic demonstrates, you can witness the same effect on a merry-go-round.",
"In the video, a woman wants to throw a ball toward someone sitting across from her while spinning counter clockwise on a merry-go-round. But rather than go straight, the ball appears to curve and land to her right. What gives?",
"If you hang a camera from above the roundabout, like these scientists from MIT did, you can see what happens. The ball does move in a straight line, but as a catcher rotates on the ride, he moves out of the ball’s path.",
"What the Coriolis effect looks like if standing freely above a merry-go-round. Image by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics",
"What the Coriolis effect looks like if riding on a merry-go-round. Image by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics",
"The Earth is wider at the equator, so it rotates faster there than at the poles. Wind wants to push across the planet in straight lines from areas of high pressure to areas of low pressure, but the Earth’s roundness and rotation make the air flows appear to deflect off course. Peering down from space on the Northern Hemisphere, hurricane winds appear to deflect right, while the opposite happens below the equator.",
"Alternatively, if you tried to toss a paper plane in a straight line from the equator to a friend in North America, it would appear to curve out of the way. The same would happen if you flew in a straight line from the equatorial city of Quito, Ecuador to New York City. As you journeyed north in the sky, the Earth would rotate beneath you, moving New York City out of your path.",
"Space tourism is another option for those interested in seeing the Earth’s curves. The trip will cost upwards of $40 million, but once there, a celebrity can capture all sorts of footage of the planet’s roundness. Just look at these photos from Guy Laliberté, the former CEO of Cirque du Soleil, who traveled to the International Space Station in 2009.",
"Space Station Flyover of the Mediterranean. Expedition 46 flight engineer Tim Peake of the European Space Agency (ESA) shared this stunning nighttime photograph with his social media followers on Jan. 25, 2016, writing, “Beautiful night pass over Italy, Alps and Mediterranean.” Photo by European Space Agency/NASA.",
"The Earth is seen rising above the lunar horizon from the Apollo 8 spacecraft on Christmas Eve, Dec. 24, 1968. Photo by NASA",
"Ok, the act of dunking a basketball doesn’t prove the Earth is round, but it does offer an opportunity for a confession: I’ve never been able to dunk a basketball. In my early 20s, I came close. I could jump and grab a 10-foot- high rim. I could even throw down a tennis ball, but my vertical leap couldn’t reach a height that allowed my hand to extend a basketball over a rim.",
"By contrast, my 6’8′′ roommate Justin could dunk with ease. Now, I could have chosen to believe Justin’s jams were linked to something other than his height. Maybe his shoes had magic properties that lifted his body to loftier heights?",
"But throughout middle school and high school, something happened. My leaps improved the more that I played basketball. Growing calf muscles and month after month of countless jump shots corresponded with getting closer and closer to the rim. Justin trained too, and our confidence in the benefits of practicing grew as our leaps did.",
"Aside from the sun spotlight concept, Flat Earthers present a wide variety of explanations to discredit everything written above, such as:",
"Lunar eclipses are caused by a second object in space — an anti-moon — that blocks our view of the regular moon. (But if that’s the case, why can’t we see the anti-moon at other times?)",
"Left: Musician B.o.B claimed this week that the Earth is flat, but how does a person confirm the Earth's curves? Photo by REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni"
]
},
"parsed_md": "7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round | PBS\nNewsHour\n\n## Educate your inbox\n\nSubscribe to Here’s the Deal, our politics newsletter for analysis you won’t\nfind anywhere else.\n\n## What do you think? Leave a respectful comment.\n\nPBS NewsHour\n\nBy —\n\nNsikan Akpan Nsikan Akpan\n\n * https://www.pbs.org/newshour/science/7-diy-experiments-b-o-b-the-earth-is-round\n\n * Email\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * Tumblr\n\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter\n\n# 7 DIY experiments you and rapper B.o.B can do to prove Earth is round\n\nScience\n\nJan 27, 2016 2:25 PM EDT\n\n“The Earth is round.” Teachers say it. Scientists say it. But how do they\nknow?\n\nI ask because an Internet conversation has surfaced among celebrities like\nformer television personality Tila Tequila whereby they state the Earth is\nflat. On Monday, musician B.o.B took up the mantle on Twitter, spurring a\nspicy conversation with noted astrophysicist Neil DeGrasse Tyson. Tweets were\nexchanged on both sides, and eventually, rap songs too.\n\n> Dear @bobatl, as an astrophysicist I don’t rap, but I know people who do.\n> This one has my back: https://t.co/BbMi4tzHLz\n>\n> — Neil deGrasse Tyson (@neiltyson) January 26, 2016\n\nMiss Tequila and B.o.B aren’t alone. Flat Earth thinking dates back thousands\nof years, when early societies like the Sumerians, Babylonians and Ancient\nEgyptians believed that the planet resembled a pancake. Christopher Columbus\nis often miscredited for correcting this idea and discovering the Earth’s\ncurves by not sailing off its edge, but in fact, it was Ancient Greeks, such\nas Aristotle and Pythagoras, around 2,400 – 2,600 years ago, who first\nproposed that the Earth was round.\n\nBut you’re not here for a history lesson. You’re here for experiments!\n\nAny mere mortal can validate our planet’s shape with basic household items\nlike lamps, rulers and soccer balls. So without further ado, here are seven\nways that B.o.B, Miss Tequila or any round-Earth denier can convince\nthemselves that the Earth is indeed round.\n\nExperiment 1: Watch a lunar eclipse Things you’ll need: functioning eyes, the\nmoon, and a telescope (optional).\n\nEvery now and again, the Earth passes between the moon and the sun, completely\nblocking its light and casting a shadow across the moon called a lunar\neclipse. If you look closely while this happens, you would notice that the\nEarth’s shadow forms an arc as it creeps across our view of the moon.\n\nA combination photo shows the moon during a total lunar eclipse as seen from\nMexico City, April 15, 2014. Photo by REUTERS/Edgard Garrido\n\nYou might respond, “You’ve shown the Earth is round, but couldn’t it be round,\nbut still flat — a flat disc?” Well, your eyes and telescope would also spot\nthe 3D spherical nature of the moon. The Flat Earth Society does admit that\nthe moon, the sun and other planets are indeed spherical, but claim that the\n“Earth is not a planet,” and unlike other celestial bodies, is flat.\n\nSo let’s ignore the moon for now and examine the other member of the eclipse\ntrifecta: the sun.\n\nExperiment 2: Take a trip to San Francisco and Seattle Things you’ll need: A\nflight ticket, a long straight stick and a tape measure.\n\nAs theoretical physicist Ethan Siegel explains in great detail, you, me and\nB.o.B have something in common: we can use the sun to witness the curvature of\nthe Earth. Here is Siegel:\n\n...the Sun reaches a much higher point (and shines for more hours during the\nday) during the summer months, and reaches a significantly lower point (and\nshines for fewer hours) during the winter...\n\nIn fact, if you charted out the Sun’s path through the daytime sky, you would\nfind that it takes its lowest path (for the fewest number of hours) on the\nWinter Solstice — usually December 21st — and its highest path (for the\ngreatest number of hours) on the Summer Solstice, usually June 21st.\n\nIf you constructed a camera capable of photographing the Sun’s path through\nthe sky over the course of the year, you would find exactly this: a series of\narcs, where the highest, longest arc through the sky was made during the\nSummer Solstice and the lowest, shortest arc was made during the Winter\nSolstice.\n\nOn a midsummer’s day more than two millennia ago, Ancient Greek astronomer\nEratosthenes of Cyrene noticed this too.\n\nWhile a scholar at the library of Alexandria, Eratosthenes heard of a deep\nwell in the southward city of Syene (now Aswan, Egypt). Once a year on the\nsummer solstice, the citizens of Syene noticed that sunlight reflected off the\nwell’s bottom. They also saw that sticks and tall buildings cast no shadows,\nsuggesting the sun was directly overhead. But in Alexandria, on the same day,\nEratosthenes found that sticks did cast a shadow. By measuring the angles of\nthose shadows and by hiring surveyors to measure the distance between Syene\nand Alexandria, he not only was able to calculate the curvature between the\ntwo cities but also the circumference of the entire Earth.\n\nLuckily, B.o.B doesn’t need to travel to Egypt to replicate this test, he need\nonly visit our West Coast.\n\nHow did Eratosthenes calculate the circumference of the Earth? Video by Math\nCentre\n\nOne of the keys to Eratosthenes discovery came from Syene being due south of\nAlexandria. Stated otherwise, they lie on the same meridian.\n\nLuckily, the same applies to San Francisco and Seattle. If B.o.B were to ever\nperform in the two cities on back-to-back days, he could replicate the work of\nEratosthenes himself. If he heads to a park on both days, he could jab a meter\nstick in the ground, measure the angle that the shadow makes with the ground\nat high noon and reproduce Eratosthenes’ calculation.\n\nThis experiment would work in any two cities on the same meridian, provided\nthey’re 200 miles away from each other.\n\nExperiment 3. Watch the sunset lying down Things you’ll need: The ground and\nthe horizon.\n\nA sunset is seen on Naples beach in Naples, Florida on May 6, 2015. Photo by\nAriel Min/PBS NewsHour\n\nPerhaps B.o.B and his entourage don’t have the air miles for a trip between\nSan Francisco and Seattle. No problem. All they need is a beach on the Pacific\nCoast (or an unobstructed view of the horizon).\n\nAs detailed by the folks at MinutePhysics, the horizon is one of the easiest\nways to validate the Earth’s curvature. As the sun dips behind the horizon, it\nslips from your view in a bottom-up direction. If you watch the sunset while\nlying on your back, and then hop up as the last rays disappear, then you\nshould be able to see the sunset again.\n\nThe same pattern applies to ships as they sail away — their hulls disappear\nfrom the bottom up. As MinutePhysics points out, if the Earth didn’t curve and\nthe horizon didn’t exist, when you looked at Chicago from across Lake\nMichigan, you’d be able to see the the Rocky Mountains.\n\nExperiment 4: Shadow games and time zones Things you’ll need: a 3D globe or\nsoccer ball, a 2D world map and a bright lamp.\n\nIt’s always daytime somewhere and nighttime somewhere else. Five centuries of\ncalculations argue that’s because the Earth is a spinning globe upon which the\nsun’s rays strike from a single direction.\n\nYou can test this idea with a lamp, a soccer ball and a dark room. Put the\nlamp and ball next to each other on a table. Now, turn off all the lights, and\nthen switch on the lamp. Half of the ball should be illuminated, while the\nother half remains dark. If you want a facsimile of how this works for us,\nthen replace the soccer ball with a globe.\n\nThe Flat Earth Society offers an alternative: The sun is a sphere with a\ndiameter of 32 miles that is located approximately 3,000 miles above the\nsurface of the Earth. They argue that the sun moves like a crib’s mobile,\ncircling above our flat planetary disc.\n\nIf the sun is a spotlight, then why don’t we see sunbeams when they’re not\nshining directly over us? Image by Moriel Schottlender/smarterthanthat.com\n\nThe problem with this spotlight hypothesis is the sun doesn’t behave like a\nspotlight. Imagine you’re at a Broadway show, and you see a spotlight shining\non a lead actor. You can see the light beams hitting their face, yet you’re\nsitting in darkness. But on Earth, you can’t stand in an open area and then\nlook off in the distance and see the neighboring land basked in light.\n\nThat’s because the Earth’s curvature creates distinct places where light can\nland, which forms the basis of timezones.\n\nExperiment 5: Ride a merry-go-round Things you’ll need: a ball, a merry-go-\nround and an adjacent jungle gym to stand upon.\n\nHave you ever wondered why hurricanes swirl in one direction? The reason is\nthe Coriolis Effect, and as National Geographic demonstrates, you can witness\nthe same effect on a merry-go-round.\n\nIn the video, a woman wants to throw a ball toward someone sitting across from\nher while spinning counter clockwise on a merry-go-round. But rather than go\nstraight, the ball appears to curve and land to her right. What gives?\n\nIf you hang a camera from above the roundabout, like these scientists from MIT\ndid, you can see what happens. The ball does move in a straight line, but as a\ncatcher rotates on the ride, he moves out of the ball’s path.\n\nWhat the Coriolis effect looks like if standing freely above a merry-go-round.\nImage by Technical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\n\nIn contrast, if the camera is attached to and spins with the merry-go-round,\nthe ball appears to curve.\n\nWhat the Coriolis effect looks like if riding on a merry-go-round. Image by\nTechnical Services Group at MIT’s Department of Physics\n\nThe Earth is wider at the equator, so it rotates faster there than at the\npoles. Wind wants to push across the planet in straight lines from areas of\nhigh pressure to areas of low pressure, but the Earth’s roundness and rotation\nmake the air flows appear to deflect off course. Peering down from space on\nthe Northern Hemisphere, hurricane winds appear to deflect right, while the\nopposite happens below the equator.\n\nAlternatively, if you tried to toss a paper plane in a straight line from the\nequator to a friend in North America, it would appear to curve out of the way.\nThe same would happen if you flew in a straight line from the equatorial city\nof Quito, Ecuador to New York City. As you journeyed north in the sky, the\nEarth would rotate beneath you, moving New York City out of your path.\n\nExperiment 6: Travel to space! Things you’ll need: buckets of money\n\nSpace tourism is another option for those interested in seeing the Earth’s\ncurves. The trip will cost upwards of $40 million, but once there, a celebrity\ncan capture all sorts of footage of the planet’s roundness. Just look at these\nphotos from Guy Laliberté, the former CEO of Cirque du Soleil, who traveled to\nthe International Space Station in 2009.\n\nOr take a gander at any number of photos collected by astronauts and\nsatellites over the last half century.\n\nSpace Station Flyover of the Mediterranean. Expedition 46 flight engineer Tim\nPeake of the European Space Agency (ESA) shared this stunning nighttime\nphotograph with his social media followers on Jan. 25, 2016, writing,\n“Beautiful night pass over Italy, Alps and Mediterranean.” Photo by European\nSpace Agency/NASA.\n\nThe Earth is seen rising above the lunar horizon from the Apollo 8 spacecraft\non Christmas Eve, Dec. 24, 1968. Photo by NASA\n\nExperiment 7: Dunk a basketball\n\nOk, the act of dunking a basketball doesn’t prove the Earth is round, but it\ndoes offer an opportunity for a confession: I’ve never been able to dunk a\nbasketball. In my early 20s, I came close. I could jump and grab a 10-foot-\nhigh rim. I could even throw down a tennis ball, but my vertical leap couldn’t\nreach a height that allowed my hand to extend a basketball over a rim.\n\nBy contrast, my 6’8′′ roommate Justin could dunk with ease. Now, I could have\nchosen to believe Justin’s jams were linked to something other than his\nheight. Maybe his shoes had magic properties that lifted his body to loftier\nheights?\n\nBut throughout middle school and high school, something happened. My leaps\nimproved the more that I played basketball. Growing calf muscles and month\nafter month of countless jump shots corresponded with getting closer and\ncloser to the rim. Justin trained too, and our confidence in the benefits of\npracticing grew as our leaps did.\n\nAside from the sun spotlight concept, Flat Earthers present a wide variety of\nexplanations to discredit everything written above, such as:\n\nLunar eclipses are caused by a second object in space — an anti-moon — that\nblocks our view of the regular moon. (But if that’s the case, why can’t we see\nthe anti-moon at other times?)\n\nEratosthenes’ measurements didn’t validate the planet’s curves, but rather\nthat the sun moves away and toward a flat Earth.\n\nFlat Earther concepts don’t stack up, especially when placed against modern\ntechnology like global air travel...or telescopes.\n\nInstead, their ideas require leaps of faith that far outpace a 5’0 teenager\nstretching his fingers toward a rim.\n\nLeft: Musician B.o.B claimed this week that the Earth is flat, but how does a\nperson confirm the Earth's curves? Photo by REUTERS/Mario Anzuoni\n\n## Go Deeper\n\n * basic research\n * earth\n * math\n * science wednesday\n * space\n\nBy —\n\nNsikan Akpan Nsikan Akpan\n\nNsikan Akpan is the digital science producer for PBS NewsHour and co-creator\nof the award-winning, NewsHour digital series ScienceScope.\n\n@MoNscience\n\nSupport Provided By: Learn more\n\n### Educate your inbox\n\nSubscribe to Here’s the Deal, our politics newsletter for analysis you won’t\nfind anywhere else.\n\nFull Episode\n\nSunday, Aug 1\n\nAdditional Support Provided By:\n\nPBS NewsHour\n\n© 1996 - 2021 NewsHour Productions LLC. All Rights Reserved.\n\nSections\n\n * The Latest\n * Politics\n * Arts\n * Nation\n * World\n * Economy\n * Science\n * Health\n * Education\n\nAbout\n\n * About Us\n * TV Schedule\n * Press\n * Feedback\n * Funders\n * Support\n * Subscribe\n * NewsHour West\n * Jobs\n * Privacy\n\nStay Connected\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * RSS\n\nSubscribe to ‘Here's the Deal,’ our politics newsletter\n\n## Support our journalism\n\nLearn more about Friends of the NewsHour.\n\nSupport for NewsHour Provided By\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210225143842/http://www.smarterthanthat.com/experiments/the-earths-curvature-is-tasty/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Earth's Curvature is Tasty",
"passages": [
"If I sail a ship to the far far seas, continue on, and on, and on and– well, you got the point. Where will I find myself? Well, if I travel in a more-or- less straight line (ignoring weather or geography, or time constraints, or my pending homework) I will end up right where I started. Why? Because the Earth is round. Duh.",
"Today we have a lot of sophisticated (and simple) methods of calculating the curvature and size of the earth. But how did humanity figure this out in the first place? I mean.. it’s so easy, without the help of satellites, airplanes and Jules Verne, to look at the flat horizon and mistake the earth for a flat table top. How could anyone figure out not only that the world is not flat, but also calculate the size of its radius?",
"Well, when in doubt, try it out. Hey.. I think I like that motto. It’s rhyming, and rhymes are usually true. Just ask Dr Seuss.",
"So, a long time ago, people believed the earth was flat, and that if someone was to go away off to the horizon, he (or she) would fall off the end of it.",
"We look at this ancient concept as ridiculous today. We al know that the flatness of the horizon is an illusion. We have more than enough proof today to see absolutely that the world is definitely curved, but it is for the ingenuity of people like Erastosthenes of Cyrene that humanity knew about this so long ago.",
"Eratosthenes was a greek scholar that lived in 275-194 B.C. in Alexandria (Egypt). Some even say he was the curator of the library of Alexandria. One day, he had a bright idea. Actully, it wasn’t just any day, it was the summer solstice, and it wasn’t just any idea, it was a brilliant experiment. But, let’s not dwell on the tiny details. He was very smart and he acted on it.",
"He received word that on that summer solstice day the sun is reflected perfectly in a deep well in Syene. But at the same time and same day, in Alexandria, the sun wasn’t reflected perfectly in the same type of well. Why?",
"It occured to him that the only way that could have happened is if the earth was not flat. Using simple trigonometry, he managed to calculate the radius and diameter of the earth. In this experiment, we do the same, only we use a Pummelo. Because it’s easier. And tastier.",
"The pummelo represents the earth. Nevermind it isn’t perfectly round – the earth isn’t either, and we are only trying to see the method, not actually calculate the radius of the fruit.",
"Wow, there’s a lot of reasons to have that, but they are less important than you would have thought. If our goal was to accurately calculate the circumference of the earth (or the fruit) then our method is not perfect at all.",
"The fruit was far from being spherical. It was almost cubic at some pionts, flat at others, and had lots of bumps on it. The radius on one small section of it is not necessarily the radius on another point on it. So, error margin in that matter is quite obvious.",
"But Eratosthenes’ method is important not necessarily because of the numerical result, but for its significance in discovering the world is a sphere. Remember, Galileo Galilei almost lost his head over this idea (among others), and that was about 2000 years after Eratosthenes.",
"Not to mention many of us learned the (sadly, very common) misconception that Christopher Columbus is the explorer who discovered the world is round.",
"Humanity was Smarter Than That a long time ago, and Eratosthenes’ ingenious way of estimating the circumference verifies it completely.",
"© 2018 by Moriel Schottlender. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Earth's Curvature is Tasty | SmarterThanThat\n\n## The Earth’s Curvature is Tasty\n\nPublished: 23 March 2008\n\nWritten by Moriel Schottlender\n\n13 Comments\n\nCategories: Astronomy, Experiments, Physics\n\nShare47\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\n47 Shares\n\nIf I sail a ship to the far far seas, continue on, and on, and on and– well,\nyou got the point. Where will I find myself? Well, if I travel in a more-or-\nless straight line (ignoring weather or geography, or time constraints, or my\npending homework) I will end up right where I started. Why? Because the Earth\nis round. Duh.\n\nToday we have a lot of sophisticated (and simple) methods of calculating the\ncurvature and size of the earth. But how did humanity figure this out in the\nfirst place? I mean.. it’s so easy, without the help of satellites, airplanes\nand Jules Verne, to look at the flat horizon and mistake the earth for a flat\ntable top. How could anyone figure out not only that the world is not flat,\nbut also calculate the size of its radius?\n\nWell, when in doubt, try it out. Hey.. I think I like that motto. It’s\nrhyming, and rhymes are usually true. Just ask Dr Seuss.\n\nPlus.. it works!\n\nSo, a long time ago, people believed the earth was flat, and that if someone\nwas to go away off to the horizon, he (or she) would fall off the end of it.\n\nWe look at this ancient concept as ridiculous today. We al know that the\nflatness of the horizon is an illusion. We have more than enough proof today\nto see absolutely that the world is definitely curved, but it is for the\ningenuity of people like Erastosthenes of Cyrene that humanity knew about this\nso long ago.\n\nEratosthenes was a greek scholar that lived in 275-194 B.C. in Alexandria\n(Egypt). Some even say he was the curator of the library of Alexandria. One\nday, he had a bright idea. Actully, it wasn’t just any day, it was the summer\nsolstice, and it wasn’t just any idea, it was a brilliant experiment. But,\nlet’s not dwell on the tiny details. He was very smart and he acted on it.\n\nHe received word that on that summer solstice day the sun is reflected\nperfectly in a deep well in Syene. But at the same time and same day, in\nAlexandria, the sun wasn’t reflected perfectly in the same type of well. Why?\n\nIt occured to him that the only way that could have happened is if the earth\nwas not flat. Using simple trigonometry, he managed to calculate the radius\nand diameter of the earth. In this experiment, we do the same, only we use a\nPummelo. Because it’s easier. And tastier.\n\n## Materials Needed for the Experiment:\n\n * Any type of round, big, (preferably tasty) fruit. I used a Red Pummelo, but a Watermelon will work too.\n * Small sticks to simulate Eratosthenes’ big sticks.\n * One bright and focused lamp.\n * A ruler.\n * A sharpie.\n\nThe pummelo represents the earth. Nevermind it isn’t perfectly round – the\nearth isn’t either, and we are only trying to see the method, not actually\ncalculate the radius of the fruit.\n\n## Error Margin\n\nWow, there’s a lot of reasons to have that, but they are less important than\nyou would have thought. If our goal was to accurately calculate the\ncircumference of the earth (or the fruit) then our method is not perfect at\nall.\n\nThe fruit was far from being spherical. It was almost cubic at some pionts,\nflat at others, and had lots of bumps on it. The radius on one small section\nof it is not necessarily the radius on another point on it. So, error margin\nin that matter is quite obvious.\n\nBut Eratosthenes’ method is important not necessarily because of the numerical\nresult, but for its significance in discovering the world is a sphere.\nRemember, Galileo Galilei almost lost his head over this idea (among others),\nand that was about 2000 years after Eratosthenes.\n\nNot to mention many of us learned the (sadly, very common) misconception that\nChristopher Columbus is the explorer who discovered the world is round.\n\nWrong!!\n\nHumanity was Smarter Than That a long time ago, and Eratosthenes’ ingenious\nway of estimating the circumference verifies it completely.\n\n## Resources:\n\n### Eratosthenes:\n\n * http://outreach.as.utexas.edu/marykay/assignments/eratos1.html\n * http://scienceworld.wolfram.com/biography/Eratosthenes.html\n * http://www.eranet.gr/eratosthenes/html/eoc.html\n\n### Earth Radius:\n\n * http://nssdc.gsfc.nasa.gov/planetary/factsheet/earthfact.html\n * http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Earth_radius\n\n### Trigonometry Reminder:\n\n * http://www.clarku.edu/~djoyce/trig/right.html\n * http://oakroadsystems.com/math/trig10.htm\n\n### Flat Earth (not!):\n\n * http://www.badastronomy.com/bablog/2007/09/19/how-wrong-is-the-flat-earth/\n * “Flat Earth Society” (from “The Skeptic’s Guide to the Universe” blog: http://www.theskepticsguide.org/sgublog/?p=115\n\n### Red Pummelo is good for you:\n\n * http://www.all-creatures.org/recipes/i-pummelo-red.html\n\nShare47\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\n47 Shares\n\n### SciencingMinecraft: Discover the physics of a new universe\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Sciencing Minecraft: Measuring time June 25, 2020\n * Sciencing Minecraft: A new project June 25, 2020\n * Buffyverse Physics: It’s about Time (Pt 2: Energy) September 1, 2018\n * Buffyverse Physics: It’s about Time (Pt 1: Relativity) August 21, 2018\n * Buffyverse Physics: Vampire Thermodynamics August 16, 2018\n\n### Categories\n\n * Analysis Articles\n * Astronomy\n * Biology\n * Buffy the Vampire Slayer\n * Chemistry\n * Critical Thinking\n * Experiments\n * Explicit\n * Minecraft\n * News\n * Party Trick\n * Physics\n * PhysicsQuest2011\n * Study Guides\n\n### I’m on Twitter!\n\nMoriel SchottlenderFollow\n\nMoriel Schottlender@mooeypoo·\n\n9h\n\nThis hits way too close to home\n\nIan Coldwater 📦💥@IanColdwater\n\n\"haha I got really good at breaking things! this is awesome\"\n\n\"ok, you are now responsible for the security of the things\"\n\n\"oh no\" https://t.co/qsVL9KiE0f\n\nReply on Twitter 1364812722123141122Retweet on Twitter 1364812722123141122Like\non Twitter 13648127221231411223Twitter 1364812722123141122\n\nRetweet on TwitterMoriel Schottlender Retweeted\n\nJoshua Tauberer@JoshData·\n\n19 Feb\n\nCouldn't help myself. Draw an iceberg and see how it would actually float in\nwater: https://t.co/HSqRwjVVk7 https://t.co/ziobrmDknV\n\nReply on Twitter 1362869305310801922Retweet on Twitter\n13628693053108019222945Like on Twitter 13628693053108019227925Twitter\n1362869305310801922\n\nLoad More...\n\n## Interesting stuff\n\n###### I do more things\n\n * Web dev musing\n * My short fiction\n * Code on Github\n\n###### Other websites and tools\n\n * Dynamic Buffy Calculators\n * Neutrality.wtf: Switch gender pronouns\n * Right-to-Left on the web\n\n© 2018 by Moriel Schottlender. This work is licensed under a Creative Commons\nAttribution-ShareAlike 4.0 International License. As an Amazon Associate I\nearn from qualifying purchases.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210425021315/https://www.astro.princeton.edu/~dns/teachersguide/MeasECAct.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Measuring the Earth's Curvature Activity",
"passages": [
"Here is a quick experiment, designed to show that the earth is round and to calculate its circumference. It is easy to do if you are in the right location. Unfortunately, in order to do this experiment properly you must have a clear view of the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. The idea behind the experiment is this: if the Earth is round, then objects which travel away from you along the surface of the Earth will disappear from view at a certain distance. More interesting is that they disappear from the bottom up. Think of a friend walking over a hill. If you watch her from one side of the hill as she walks over the hill, her feet will disappear first and then her legs and body followed by her head. This is one way ancient sailors knew that the Earth must be rounded like a hill. They could see the tall masts of ships long after their hulls as the boats receded far away. To see why this effect occurs, look at the diagram below:",
"As the Earth rotates, the view from the top of the pink stick changes to reveal the sun or make the sun disappear depending upon which way the Earth is rotating. If the Earth rotates as shown the Sun will disappear. (Note: this diagram is NOT to scale.) Looking at the following diagram you can see that if you watched the sunset from a low point of view and then got up really quickly you might be able to witness the sunset twice in one day.",
"* A location where you can clearly view a sunrise or sunset over the ocean\n* A friend to help you measure the height of your eyes while laying down and while standing.\n* A measuring tape or meter stick\n* A stopwatch\n* Pen and paper to record times and heights\nDirections:",
"1. Go to a place where you can easily view the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. Be sure to check local weather reports to know the time of day to expect the sunrise or set.\n2. If viewing a sunset, make your first measurement lying down on the ground and your second measurement while standing. If viewing a sunrise, do the opposite. From now on I will explain only the directions for the sunset, please make the necessary adjustments for the sunrise experiment.\n3. Before the sunset, get a friend to measure the height of your eyes while you are lying down and still able to see the horizon where you expect the sunset.\n4. Prepare a stopwatch to begin counting.\n5. Wait for the sunset.\n6. When the last bit of sun has disappeared, start the stop watch and quickly get up and stand in a position that is directly above where your eyes were when you were laying down.\n7. You should be able to see the Sun set again.\n8. Stop the stopwatch when you see the last bit of sun disappear again.\n9. Have your friend measure the height to your eyes in the standing position.\n10. Calculate the circumference of the Earth using the following two equations:\n\n* Distance to the horizon To see where this equation came from go to : http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Shorizon.htm\n\n* , Where R = The radius of the Earth\nh1 and h2= the height of your eyes during the two measurements (h1 should be the bigger of the two heights)",
"This equation is a proportion that assumes the Earth rotates once in 24 hours so that the difference between the distances to the horizon over the whole circumference of the Earth is equal to the ratio of the time between your measurements and a whole day.",
"* For example, if you measured 6 seconds in between the sunset when you were laying down with your eyes at a height of 10 cm off of the ground and the sunset when you were standing up at a height of 2m, then you would have to solve the two above equations for the radius of the Earth in terms of h_1 and h_2 (which are .10 m and 2 m) and the number of seconds in between sunsets:\nBack | Next"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Measuring the Earth's Curvature Activity\n\nHere is a quick experiment, designed to show that the earth is round and to\ncalculate its circumference. It is easy to do if you are in the right\nlocation. Unfortunately, in order to do this experiment properly you must have\na clear view of the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. The idea behind the\nexperiment is this: if the Earth is round, then objects which travel away from\nyou along the surface of the Earth will disappear from view at a certain\ndistance. More interesting is that they disappear from the bottom up. Think of\na friend walking over a hill. If you watch her from one side of the hill as\nshe walks over the hill, her feet will disappear first and then her legs and\nbody followed by her head. This is one way ancient sailors knew that the Earth\nmust be rounded like a hill. They could see the tall masts of ships long after\ntheir hulls as the boats receded far away. To see why this effect occurs, look\nat the diagram below:\n\nAs the Earth rotates, the view from the top of the pink stick changes to\nreveal the sun or make the sun disappear depending upon which way the Earth is\nrotating. If the Earth rotates as shown the Sun will disappear. (Note: this\ndiagram is NOT to scale.) Looking at the following diagram you can see that if\nyou watched the sunset from a low point of view and then got up really quickly\nyou might be able to witness the sunset twice in one day.\n\nBased on this principle it is possible to calculate the circumference of the\nEarth:\n\nMaterials:\n\n * A location where you can clearly view a sunrise or sunset over the ocean\n * A friend to help you measure the height of your eyes while laying down and while standing.\n * A measuring tape or meter stick\n * A stopwatch\n * Pen and paper to record times and heights\n\nDirections:\n\n 1. Go to a place where you can easily view the sunset or sunrise over the ocean. Be sure to check local weather reports to know the time of day to expect the sunrise or set.\n 2. If viewing a sunset, make your first measurement lying down on the ground and your second measurement while standing. If viewing a sunrise, do the opposite. From now on I will explain only the directions for the sunset, please make the necessary adjustments for the sunrise experiment.\n 3. Before the sunset, get a friend to measure the height of your eyes while you are lying down and still able to see the horizon where you expect the sunset.\n 4. Prepare a stopwatch to begin counting.\n 5. Wait for the sunset.\n 6. When the last bit of sun has disappeared, start the stop watch and quickly get up and stand in a position that is directly above where your eyes were when you were laying down.\n 7. You should be able to see the Sun set again.\n 8. Stop the stopwatch when you see the last bit of sun disappear again.\n 9. Have your friend measure the height to your eyes in the standing position.\n 10. Calculate the circumference of the Earth using the following two equations:\n\n * Distance to the horizon To see where this equation came from go to : http://www-spof.gsfc.nasa.gov/stargaze/Shorizon.htm\n\n * , Where R = The radius of the Earth\n\nh1 and h2= the height of your eyes during the two measurements (h1 should be\nthe bigger of the two heights)\n\ns=the number of seconds between sun sets\n\nS=the number of seconds in one day, which is equal to 60 seconds*60 minutes*24\nhours.\n\nThis equation is a proportion that assumes the Earth rotates once in 24 hours\nso that the difference between the distances to the horizon over the whole\ncircumference of the Earth is equal to the ratio of the time between your\nmeasurements and a whole day.\n\n * For example, if you measured 6 seconds in between the sunset when you were laying down with your eyes at a height of 10 cm off of the ground and the sunset when you were standing up at a height of 2m, then you would have to solve the two above equations for the radius of the Earth in terms of h_1 and h_2 (which are .10 m and 2 m) and the number of seconds in between sunsets:\n\nBack | Next \n \n---\n\n"
}
] |
4,971,152 | How To Tame Your Chinchilla | To tame your chinchilla, start by opening the door of its cage once a day and placing your hand in the opening so it can get used to your presence. Once it gets used to your hand, try petting it gently with your fingertips, making sure to avoid its face and tail. After a few days, allow your chinchilla to walk onto your open palm so it can explore and start to trust you. When it's no longer afraid of you, pick it up gently with both hands and hold it close to your body for warmth and support. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200302053159/http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210513100913/https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150906125415/http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx"
] | train | 2,225 | [
{
"original_url": "http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200302053159/http://chinchillachronicles.com:80/taming_a_chinchilla.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Taming A Chinchilla",
"passages": [
"Taming a chinchilla needs to be done slowly if you are to build trust and bond together. The time it takes for a chinchilla to bond and trust you can vary as each chinchilla and its current situation is individual. In all cases the procedure for taming a chinchilla is the same and should never be rushed - a chinchilla will let you know when it is ready and if you push them too quickly (they have great memories), a week's progress can suffer a sever prolonged set back.",
"When entering a new home environment a chinchilla will be very stressed and nervous. They will need time to settle in, investigate their new home and become accustomed to the new noises, surroundings and smells they have just entered into before they start interacting.",
"Step 1 - On first arriving home with a chinchilla, place them into the cage you have prepared for them and offer one small raisin. Providing a raisin treat at this time shows your chinchilla that your intentions with them are all good and begins the bonding and trust process between the two of you. Do not over feed a chinchilla treats at this time (or at any time) even if it is really tempting - provide one raisin then leave the chinchilla in peace to explore and settle in to its new home.",
"WARNING - If a chinchilla is regularly fed treats through the bars of its cage it can mistakenly take a finger or nose as a treat and accidentally bite you - the same can be said if you have the smell of treats on your fingers so always wash your hands before and after handling a chinchilla.",
"Step 2 - Start taming a chinchilla by talking quietly to them and move around slowly as any sudden movements will cause them to retreat. Initially sit next to the chinchilla cage and talk quietly perhaps offering a small treat only when the chinchilla approaches the bars near you. Once the chinchilla is happy to take treats through the bars of the cage, they are ready to meet your hands again. Remember at this stage the only memory the chinchilla has of your hands is when you were examining them in the shop or rescue home, which would of caused them great stress at the time.",
"Step 3 - Open the door of the chinchilla cage and slowly place your hand inside. Don't pursue the chinchilla around its cage but let it come to you instead - once a chinchilla decides that you are interesting it will come up to you. If he becomes startled and runs away again or hides, don't move - a chinchilla will soon learn that you are not going to chase it and curiosity will bring him back to you again. You may find a chinchilla runs back and forth a number of times before he begins to feel confident and start sniffing your hands and fingers - a chinchilla may also give you a little nibble of curiosity but it wont hurt, its not a bite, it's just seeing what you are all about.",
"Step 4 - When the chinchilla is comfortable coming to your hands without hesitation, the next stage of taming a chinchilla is to let a chinchilla sit in your hands and remain there whilst eating a treat - organic oats are good at this stage as a chinchilla will take longer to eat the small pieces. Initially the chinchilla will want to jump off so keep ultra still and patient until the chinchilla is happy to remain in your hands. When a chinchilla is comfortable you can continue to move the treat further up your arm.",
"Step 5 - Once a chinchilla has become comfortable in your presence and comes to you as soon as you open the door, you can start the second phase of taming your chinchilla by stroking him/her. Open the cage door and place your hand inside with your index finger ready, keeping your hand still at all times start by rubbing your finger gently over the top of the chinchilla's head (watch the whiskers because they are ticklish). At first a chinchilla will run away but if you stay still his curiosity will bring him back again. Keep repeat stroking the chinchilla with your index finger until the chinchilla starts to feel comfortable.",
"As soon as the chinchilla is comfortable with climbing and staying on you, you can place your spare hand over their back and scoop the chinchilla up pulling him close to your chest.",
"Remember chinchillas will quickly try and jump out of your hands so the best way is to remain seated and try and stay as still as possible. You can offer one treat when you are holding your chinchilla so it gets used to good things coming from your hands and will begin to relax when you approach them to be picked up.",
"NOTE: - If a chinchilla gets upset at being stroked and doesn't come back to your hand just wait a few days before you attempt to touch and stoke him again - the whole idea of taming a chinchilla is to earn trust and not to break it. Some chinchillas just hate being stroked, are too ticklish or too wild and the moment you touch them they shake their head and rub their head/noses before running off. Some chinchillas just hate human hands - if hands are failing then another thing you can try is your nose!",
"Yes that's right....chinchillas generally don't like hands, which are mainly used for examination purposes (which they remember) but a nose is what chinchillas use on one another. You will find if you use your nose to rub around your chinchilla's ears, face and body they will find it less intimidating and you may be more successful.",
"Please remember that not all chinchillas will like to be picked up no matter how much patience you have so never force a chinchilla into doing something it doesn't want to do. Chinchillas have fantastic memories and forcing or pursuing them will make a chinchilla nervous of you, hide whenever you approach the cage and break any bonding you have already built up! All chinchillas will love to interact with you and climb on you whether they like to be stroked or not but they are only happy to do this on their own terms, not yours.",
"Sometimes problems do occur as all chinchillas are individual and build trust at different rates. A chinchilla may also have a previous experience of living in an unsuitable environment or had bad owners. You will know if a chinchilla is scared of you as they never appear to sleep and as soon as they hear you approaching the cage, they are out looking at where you are. They may make vocal sounds or attempt to spray urine at you (if its a female). They may begin to chew their fur or tremble when being picked up.",
"These chinchillas will be more nervous and will take longer to tame but all they need is love, patience and above all perseverance. Some chinchillas take months even years before they fully trust you and any progress you make with taming a chinchilla is accumulative, which means any small advances is a stepping stone, which should be remembered.",
"If you have an ultra nervous chinchilla then follow the tips below but again remember with some chins you may never win their trust completely so don't be disappointed. Chinchillas are not that far removed from the wild (approximately 50 years) and their wild instincts are still very evident and may never be overcome.",
"If a chinchilla starts to become vocal, spray urine, hide away from you, then leave them in peace, close the cage door and come away from the cage.",
"Try not to look a chinchilla directly in the eye when picking them up. When holding them, look at them but close your eyes so you are not coming across as threatening to them.",
"Offer a few organic oats from the palm of your hand (a chinchilla will have to remain closer to you for longer to eat all the small bits) but do not attempt to touch or hold the chinchilla.",
"Never let a problem chinchilla out of their cage until the taming and bonding process is completed. A nervous chin out on the loose will be even more nervous and a very hard chin to entice back into its cage.",
"Go back to the basics of taming a chinchilla and sit near but not next to the cage and talk quietly to the chinchilla. Look at them whilst you are talking but with your eyes closed, Begin to repeat words such as 'good boy' or 'good girl' and offer a small treat through the cage bars if the chin is near you.",
"Reassess the cage positioning and move the chinchilla cage to a quieter room if the current room is too noisy or active.",
"Keep the room the chinchilla lives in quiet during the daytime and when you start taming sessions have no other distractions around, like the TV on or people visiting/coming into the room.",
"Ultimately if a chinchilla never wants to be tamed or held, don't shout or punish them, just give them the freedom they need and readjust yourself around them - this is the commitment you made when you choose to buy a chinchilla and were aware that all chinchilla's are individuals and some do not like to be held.",
"It maybe helpful to know, that chinchillas mellow to affection in older age, which should be remembered when you have a young feisty chinchilla or a chinchilla that may not like to be tamed at the moment.",
"A chinchilla will not ‘over- eat’ pellets contrary to what some people believe. Old pellets should be removed daily and replaced with fresh",
"Pellets made for any other animal such as guinea pig or rabbit can have hormones and other ingredients added, which will seriously effect a chinchilla’s health - especially the liver!",
"“The author has spent numerous years developing and researching the material for this book. The book goes beyond the standard books out there to give accounts from real owners and veterinarians (not just commercial breeders) about issues they have come across and solutions for which they have used themselves (usually discovered from trial and error).”",
"“This is a quality book and tells you everything you need to know about chinchillas right from selection to bringing them home.”",
"“The photos are amazing as they are all about what to 'look out for' as most books just include pictures of cute chinchillas.”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Taming A Chinchilla\n\n|\n\n# TIP OF THE MONTH !\n\n|\n\n# SHOP\n\n|\n\n# * * * SPECIAL OFFERS * * *\n\n|\n\n# CONTACT US \n \n---|---|---|--- \n| Links \n--- \n \n# Home \n \n# Customer Reviews \n \n# The Chinchilla \n \n# Original Habitat \n \n# Different Colour Mutations \n \n# Chinchillas For Sale \n \n# Buying a Chinchilla \n \n# Nutrition (Food & Diet) \n \n# Chinchilla Care \n \n# Vocal Sounds & Postures \n \n# Taming a Chinchilla \n \n# Holding a Chinchilla \n \n# Catching a Chinchilla \n \n# Shedding & Grooming \n \n# Chinchilla Exercise \n \n# Chinchilla Cage \n \n# Toys and Accessories \n \n# Introducing Chinchillas \n \n# Genetics \n \n# Breeding Chinchillas \n \n# Pregnancy & Birth \n \n# Chinchilla Babies (Kits) \n \n# Weaning & Hand Feeding \n \n# Chinchilla Health \n \n# Examining a Chinchilla \n \n# Illness Sickness & Disease \n \n# Male Castration/Neutering \n \n# Chinchilla Teeth \n \n# Chinchilla 'You Tube' Clips \n \n# Games & Puzzles \n \n# Webmasters - LINK TO US \n \n# Acknowledgements \n \n# Donations to Rescue Centres \n \n# Questions - Books 4 Sale \n \n# Copyright \n \n# Site Map \n \n|\n\n## Taming A Chinchilla \n \n--- \n \n> Taming a chinchilla needs to be done slowly if you are to build trust and\n> bond together. The time it takes for a chinchilla to bond and trust you can\n> vary as each chinchilla and its current situation is individual. In all\n> cases the procedure for taming a chinchilla is the same and should never be\n> rushed - a chinchilla will let you know when it is ready and if you push\n> them too quickly (they have great memories), a week's progress can suffer a\n> sever prolonged set back.\n>\n> When entering a new home environment a chinchilla will be very stressed and\n> nervous. They will need time to settle in, investigate their new home and\n> become accustomed to the new noises, surroundings and smells they have just\n> entered into before they start interacting.\n>\n> Step 1 - On first arriving home with a chinchilla, place them into the cage\n> you have prepared for them and offer one small raisin. Providing a raisin\n> treat at this time shows your chinchilla that your intentions with them are\n> all good and begins the bonding and trust process between the two of you. Do\n> not over feed a chinchilla treats at this time (or at any time) even if it\n> is really tempting - provide one raisin then leave the chinchilla in peace\n> to explore and settle in to its new home.\n>\n> WARNING - If a chinchilla is regularly fed treats through the bars of its\n> cage it can mistakenly take a finger or nose as a treat and accidentally\n> bite you - the same can be said if you have the smell of treats on your\n> fingers so always wash your hands before and after handling a chinchilla.\n>\n> Step 2 - Start taming a chinchilla by talking quietly to them and move\n> around slowly as any sudden movements will cause them to retreat. Initially\n> sit next to the chinchilla cage and talk quietly perhaps offering a small\n> treat only when the chinchilla approaches the bars near you. Once the\n> chinchilla is happy to take treats through the bars of the cage, they are\n> ready to meet your hands again. Remember at this stage the only memory the\n> chinchilla has of your hands is when you were examining them in the shop or\n> rescue home, which would of caused them great stress at the time.\n>\n> Step 3 - Open the door of the chinchilla cage and slowly place your hand\n> inside. Don't pursue the chinchilla around its cage but let it come to you\n> instead - once a chinchilla decides that you are interesting it will come up\n> to you. If he becomes startled and runs away again or hides, don't move - a\n> chinchilla will soon learn that you are not going to chase it and curiosity\n> will bring him back to you again. You may find a chinchilla runs back and\n> forth a number of times before he begins to feel confident and start\n> sniffing your hands and fingers - a chinchilla may also give you a little\n> nibble of curiosity but it wont hurt, its not a bite, it's just seeing what\n> you are all about.\n>\n> Step 4 - When the chinchilla is comfortable coming to your hands without\n> hesitation, the next stage of taming a chinchilla is to let a chinchilla sit\n> in your hands and remain there whilst eating a treat - organic oats are good\n> at this stage as a chinchilla will take longer to eat the small pieces.\n> Initially the chinchilla will want to jump off so keep ultra still and\n> patient until the chinchilla is happy to remain in your hands. When a\n> chinchilla is comfortable you can continue to move the treat further up your\n> arm.\n>\n> Step 5 - Once a chinchilla has become comfortable in your presence and comes\n> to you as soon as you open the door, you can start the second phase of\n> taming your chinchilla by stroking him/her. Open the cage door and place\n> your hand inside with your index finger ready, keeping your hand still at\n> all times start by rubbing your finger gently over the top of the\n> chinchilla's head (watch the whiskers because they are ticklish). At first a\n> chinchilla will run away but if you stay still his curiosity will bring him\n> back again. Keep repeat stroking the chinchilla with your index finger until\n> the chinchilla starts to feel comfortable.\n>\n> As soon as the chinchilla is comfortable with climbing and staying on you,\n> you can place your spare hand over their back and scoop the chinchilla up\n> pulling him close to your chest.\n>\n> Remember chinchillas will quickly try and jump out of your hands so the best\n> way is to remain seated and try and stay as still as possible. You can offer\n> one treat when you are holding your chinchilla so it gets used to good\n> things coming from your hands and will begin to relax when you approach them\n> to be picked up.\n>\n> NOTE: - If a chinchilla gets upset at being stroked and doesn't come back to\n> your hand just wait a few days before you attempt to touch and stoke him\n> again - the whole idea of taming a chinchilla is to earn trust and not to\n> break it. Some chinchillas just hate being stroked, are too ticklish or too\n> wild and the moment you touch them they shake their head and rub their\n> head/noses before running off. Some chinchillas just hate human hands - if\n> hands are failing then another thing you can try is your nose!\n>\n> Yes that's right....chinchillas generally don't like hands, which are mainly\n> used for examination purposes (which they remember) but a nose is what\n> chinchillas use on one another. You will find if you use your nose to rub\n> around your chinchilla's ears, face and body they will find it less\n> intimidating and you may be more successful.\n>\n> Please remember that not all chinchillas will like to be picked up no matter\n> how much patience you have so never force a chinchilla into doing something\n> it doesn't want to do. Chinchillas have fantastic memories and forcing or\n> pursuing them will make a chinchilla nervous of you, hide whenever you\n> approach the cage and break any bonding you have already built up! All\n> chinchillas will love to interact with you and climb on you whether they\n> like to be stroked or not but they are only happy to do this on their own\n> terms, not yours.\n>\n> # Taming Problem Chinchillas\n>\n> Sometimes problems do occur as all chinchillas are individual and build\n> trust at different rates. A chinchilla may also have a previous experience\n> of living in an unsuitable environment or had bad owners. You will know if a\n> chinchilla is scared of you as they never appear to sleep and as soon as\n> they hear you approaching the cage, they are out looking at where you are.\n> They may make vocal sounds or attempt to spray urine at you (if its a\n> female). They may begin to chew their fur or tremble when being picked up.\n>\n> These chinchillas will be more nervous and will take longer to tame but all\n> they need is love, patience and above all perseverance. Some chinchillas\n> take months even years before they fully trust you and any progress you make\n> with taming a chinchilla is accumulative, which means any small advances is\n> a stepping stone, which should be remembered.\n>\n> If you have an ultra nervous chinchilla then follow the tips below but again\n> remember with some chins you may never win their trust completely so don't\n> be disappointed. Chinchillas are not that far removed from the wild\n> (approximately 50 years) and their wild instincts are still very evident and\n> may never be overcome.\n>\n> * If a chinchilla starts to become vocal, spray urine, hide away from you,\n> then leave them in peace, close the cage door and come away from the cage.\n>\n> * Try not to look a chinchilla directly in the eye when picking them up.\n> When holding them, look at them but close your eyes so you are not coming\n> across as threatening to them.\n>\n> * Keep to a routine of when you open the cage door and always have a small\n> treat to hand.\n>\n> * Offer a few organic oats from the palm of your hand (a chinchilla will\n> have to remain closer to you for longer to eat all the small bits) but do\n> not attempt to touch or hold the chinchilla.\n>\n> * Never let a problem chinchilla out of their cage until the taming and\n> bonding process is completed. A nervous chin out on the loose will be even\n> more nervous and a very hard chin to entice back into its cage.\n>\n> * Go back to the basics of taming a chinchilla and sit near but not next\n> to the cage and talk quietly to the chinchilla. Look at them whilst you are\n> talking but with your eyes closed, Begin to repeat words such as 'good boy'\n> or 'good girl' and offer a small treat through the cage bars if the chin is\n> near you.\n>\n> * Reassess the cage positioning and move the chinchilla cage to a quieter\n> room if the current room is too noisy or active.\n>\n> * Keep the room the chinchilla lives in quiet during the daytime and when\n> you start taming sessions have no other distractions around, like the TV on\n> or people visiting/coming into the room.\n>\n> * Ultimately if a chinchilla never wants to be tamed or held, don't shout\n> or punish them, just give them the freedom they need and readjust yourself\n> around them - this is the commitment you made when you choose to buy a\n> chinchilla and were aware that all chinchilla's are individuals and some do\n> not like to be held.\n>\n>\n\n>\n> TIP - If a chinchilla has never had a raisin before and doesn't take to it\n> immediately, break it open slightly so the aroma escapes - you will then\n> find your chinchilla happily eats the raisin and start begging for more -\n> remember - do not give a chinchilla more than one raisin so use it wisely.\n>\n> It maybe helpful to know, that chinchillas mellow to affection in older age,\n> which should be remembered when you have a young feisty chinchilla or a\n> chinchilla that may not like to be tamed at the moment.\n>\n> A chinchilla can only have one treat per day so use it wisely!\n>\n> Further Reading Relating To Taming a Chinchilla:\n>\n> Catching a Chinchilla, Chinchilla Exercise, Holding a Chinchilla. \n \n| Chinchilla Facts ... \n--- \n \nA chinchilla will not ‘over- eat’ pellets contrary to what some people\nbelieve. Old pellets should be removed daily and replaced with fresh\n\nOnly ever offer pellets made for chinchillas!\n\nPellets made for any other animal such as guinea pig or rabbit can have\nhormones and other ingredients added, which will seriously effect a\nchinchilla’s health - especially the liver! \n \n| Book Reviews ... \n--- \n|\n\nAn Essential Guide to Owning a Chinchilla:\n\n“The author has spent numerous years developing and researching the material\nfor this book. The book goes beyond the standard books out there to give\naccounts from real owners and veterinarians (not just commercial breeders)\nabout issues they have come across and solutions for which they have used\nthemselves (usually discovered from trial and error).”\n\n“This is a quality book and tells you everything you need to know about\nchinchillas right from selection to bringing them home.”\n\nChinchilla A-Z Health & Sickness Bible:\n\n“The photos are amazing as they are all about what to 'look out for' as most\nbooks just include pictures of cute chinchillas.”\n\n“This is definitely a 'one-off' book and not like any other out there!”\n\n“I would highly recommend this book to others.” \n \n--- \n|\n\nPhoto Copyright: Jo Ann McGraw, . \n \n--- \n| © 2008-2017 This website is supported by and . Copyright Mirella Poli. All\nrights reserved \n--- \n| PLEASE VOTE FOR CHINCHILLA CHRONICLES BY CLICKING ON THE LINKS BELOW: \n---\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210513100913/https://www.foreverfeistychinchilla.org/chinchillas-and-their-guardians.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue",
"passages": [
"The relationship you have with your chin is what you put into it. The amount of time and effort you spend getting to know him and having him gain trust in you will be the mitigating factor in the end result of the relationship. Chinchillas are very social animals as long as you are patient with them and give them lots of love and attention. Just as with people, every chin has his own personality, likes and dislikes. There are very few chins that will be your best friend right away. It is very rare to find a chin that is a 'lap chin'. This is a term people use to describe a chin that acts like a cat or dog and just wants to sit on your lap and be petted and is content just lying there. This is not the normal behavior of chins, so don't expect this, or you will be very disappointed. This is an expectation we hear about over and over again. Even a chin that is very friendly and will allow you to pick him up and hold him for a short time will become restless and want to get down and run around or go back to his home.",
"Spend time with your chinchilla. Talk to him every day. He will get to know your voice. I have been asked many times if chins know their names. The answer is 'Yes, of course they do!' Chinchillas are very intelligent animals. If you greet him by his name, he will learn very quickly. Once he has familiarized himself with his new cage, give him some quiet time to eat, drink and sleep since traveling and being in a new home can be very stressful for chins. When you go to check on him, speak in a soothing and reassuring voice. This may sound like a bit much to some of you, but it shows consideration for your chin's feelings by doing things that build a great and trusting friendship. There is a chance your chin may 'bark' his first couple of nights in his new home. This is a warning call and just tells you he is nervous.",
"Once he seems to be comfortable with you coming over to say hi, you can place your hand in the cage and let him come over to you. They are curious by nature and unless he is especially nervous, he will come over to sniff your hand. Do not try to win over your chinchilla by giving him treats! He will come to expect this from you, and you will only succeed in creating a treat junkie. Treats should be a minor part of your interaction with your chin. Base your relationship on trust, not bribes.",
"The chin will usually start to climb onto your hand. Do not try to grab at him. They like to just sit on the open palm of your hand. When he does not appear to be so nervous and comes over to you readily or is even waiting for you at the front of the cage, you can try to pick him up and hold him. He may let you pick him up or may even wiggle a little; this is normal. Just be gentle when handling him and make sure you give full support with the open palm of your hand under his body. If he completely goes crazy and starts to frantically run around the cage, then he is not ready yet to be picked up. Part of this behavior may be based on where you got your chin from and how he was raised and treated. In the wild, chins are more cautious simply because they are prey animals and always need to be on guard and alert. Even though the chins we live with in our homes are born in a domestic environment, part of that instinct never goes away. That is why a great relationship with your chin has to be on HIS terms and in HIS time.",
"One of the biggest mistakes a first time chin guardian makes is lack of patience! Showing your chin patience, having respect for how he lives and trying to see life the way he does will be one of the greatest things you can do for him. There are no words to describe how wonderful a trusting, loving relationship can be with your chinchilla. They are so sweet, affectionate, energetic and just plain silly at times. As much as we love and adore chinchillas, we are very honest to acknowledge that they are not for everyone.",
"Caroline, the daughter of one of our adopters, is spending quality time with Zeus. As you can see, reading with a chin is not easy when he sits on your book! The kisses that follow make it all worth while.",
"All photos and written material provided by Andrea Kundrotas except where noted. All photos are property of Andrea Kundrotas and may NOT be used by any other parties without express written consent."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Chinchilla Rescue | Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue | Emotional Health |\nChinchillas and Their Guardians\n\n≡\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n\n * Our Rescue\n * Letter from the Founder\n * News Updates\n * Adoptions\n\n * Are you right for a chinchilla?\n * Adoption Policy\n * Adoptable Chinchillas\n * Surrenders\n * Please Donate\n * Shop Our Store\n * Care & Health\n\n * Domestic Habitat\n\n * Domestic Habitat Intro\n * Cages\n * House\n * Water Bottles\n * Food Bowls\n * Dust Baths\n * Bedding/Litter\n * Chew Toys\n * Beware of Moldy Wood\n * Safe Metals\n * Fleece Fabric\n * Exercise Wheel\n * Marble Tile\n * Wooden Shelf & Perch\n * Cardboard Tubes\n * Urine Guards\n * Temperature\n * Lighting\n * Cleaning\n * Travel Carriers\n * Diet\n\n * Diet Intro\n * Pellets\n * What is Ash?\n * Hay\n * Water\n * Healthy Treats\n * Organic Herb & Grain Fusion\n * Fresh & Dried Fruit\n * Fresh Greens & Veggies\n * Nuts \" Seeds\n * Vitamins\n * Calcium Supplements\n * Salt & Mineral Spools\n * Emotional Health & Behavior\n\n * Emotional Health & Behavior Intro\n * Chinchillas & Their Guardians\n * Chinchillas, Children & Schools\n * Chinchillas Pairs & Bonding\n * Chinchillas & Other Animals\n * Picking Up & Holding\n * Play Time\n * Sleeping Pattern\n * Music & TV\n * Dust Bath\n * Toys\n * Spraying Urine\n * The Full Moon\n * Breeding Season\n * Scent Glands\n * Transporting Chinchillas\n * Chinchillas & the Holidays\n * Chinchillas & Your Vacation\n * Physical Health\n\n * Good Health\n * Nursing a Sick Chin\n * Health Issues A-C\n * Health Issues D-H\n * Health Issues I-Z\n * Prescription Medications\n * Holistic Care\n * First Aid Kit\n * Pregnancy\n * Veterinarians\n * Mourning a Loss\n * Homeless Crisis\n * Contact Us\n * Links\n\n * Chinchilla Supplies\n * Animal Advocates\n\n# Chinchillas & Their Guardians\n\nThe relationship you have with your chin is what you put into it. The amount\nof time and effort you spend getting to know him and having him gain trust in\nyou will be the mitigating factor in the end result of the relationship.\nChinchillas are very social animals as long as you are patient with them and\ngive them lots of love and attention. Just as with people, every chin has his\nown personality, likes and dislikes. There are very few chins that will be\nyour best friend right away. It is very rare to find a chin that is a 'lap\nchin'. This is a term people use to describe a chin that acts like a cat or\ndog and just wants to sit on your lap and be petted and is content just lying\nthere. This is not the normal behavior of chins, so don't expect this, or you\nwill be very disappointed. This is an expectation we hear about over and over\nagain. Even a chin that is very friendly and will allow you to pick him up and\nhold him for a short time will become restless and want to get down and run\naround or go back to his home.\n\nSpend time with your chinchilla. Talk to him every day. He will get to know\nyour voice. I have been asked many times if chins know their names. The answer\nis 'Yes, of course they do!' Chinchillas are very intelligent animals. If you\ngreet him by his name, he will learn very quickly. Once he has familiarized\nhimself with his new cage, give him some quiet time to eat, drink and sleep\nsince traveling and being in a new home can be very stressful for chins. When\nyou go to check on him, speak in a soothing and reassuring voice. This may\nsound like a bit much to some of you, but it shows consideration for your\nchin's feelings by doing things that build a great and trusting friendship.\nThere is a chance your chin may 'bark' his first couple of nights in his new\nhome. This is a warning call and just tells you he is nervous.\n\nOnce he seems to be comfortable with you coming over to say hi, you can place\nyour hand in the cage and let him come over to you. They are curious by nature\nand unless he is especially nervous, he will come over to sniff your hand. Do\nnot try to win over your chinchilla by giving him treats! He will come to\nexpect this from you, and you will only succeed in creating a treat junkie.\nTreats should be a minor part of your interaction with your chin. Base your\nrelationship on trust, not bribes.\n\nThe chin will usually start to climb onto your hand. Do not try to grab at\nhim. They like to just sit on the open palm of your hand. When he does not\nappear to be so nervous and comes over to you readily or is even waiting for\nyou at the front of the cage, you can try to pick him up and hold him. He may\nlet you pick him up or may even wiggle a little; this is normal. Just be\ngentle when handling him and make sure you give full support with the open\npalm of your hand under his body. If he completely goes crazy and starts to\nfrantically run around the cage, then he is not ready yet to be picked up.\nPart of this behavior may be based on where you got your chin from and how he\nwas raised and treated. In the wild, chins are more cautious simply because\nthey are prey animals and always need to be on guard and alert. Even though\nthe chins we live with in our homes are born in a domestic environment, part\nof that instinct never goes away. That is why a great relationship with your\nchin has to be on HIS terms and in HIS time.\n\nOne of the biggest mistakes a first time chin guardian makes is lack of\npatience! Showing your chin patience, having respect for how he lives and\ntrying to see life the way he does will be one of the greatest things you can\ndo for him. There are no words to describe how wonderful a trusting, loving\nrelationship can be with your chinchilla. They are so sweet, affectionate,\nenergetic and just plain silly at times. As much as we love and adore\nchinchillas, we are very honest to acknowledge that they are not for everyone.\n\nCaroline, the daughter of one of our adopters, is spending quality time with\nZeus. As you can see, reading with a chin is not easy when he sits on your\nbook! The kisses that follow make it all worth while.\n\nAnimals are such agreeable friends... they ask no questions, they pass no\ncriticisms... — George Eliot\n\n©2003 - 2021 Forever Feisty Chinchilla Rescue, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nAll photos and written material provided by Andrea Kundrotas except where\nnoted. All photos are property of Andrea Kundrotas and may NOT be used by any\nother parties without express written consent.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150906125415/http://www.smallanimalchannel.com/critter-experts/chinchilla/taming-a-terrified-chinchilla-1408.aspx",
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4,259,807 | How To Know if You’re Pregnant if You Have Irregular Periods | If you’re having irregular periods, you can tell if you’re pregnant by watching out for any spotting 6-12 days after your last period, which is a common sign of fertilization. You should also look out for sore breasts, cramps, nausea, fatigue, or headaches 1-2 weeks after you last had sex. Another common sign of pregnancy is cravings or aversions to particular foods. If you have 2 or more of these early pregnancy signs, take a pregnancy test to make sure. Because home testing kits aren’t always accurate, you should also repeat the test a week later. If you get 2 positive results from your home pregnancy test, schedule a visit with your doctor to discuss your pregnancy. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200423223037/https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190617195007/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423003447/https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211017054706/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/symptoms-of-pregnancy/art-20043853",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20140826035852/http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211013235451/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170131003006/http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160831105802/http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html"
] | train | 289 | [
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"original_url": "https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200423223037/https://www.preeclampsia.org/health-information/sign-symptoms",
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"title": "Signs & Symptoms: Preeclampsia Foundation",
"passages": [
"Pregnancy is a confusing time. Your body is going through a lot of changes and it can be hard to tell what's normal and what's a red flag. Learning more about the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and other hypertensive disorders of pregnancy can help you identify a problem early and ensure the best possible outcome.",
"Some characteristics of preeclampsia are signs that can be measured, but may not be apparent to you, such as high blood pressure. A symptom is something you may experience and recognize, such as a headache or loss of vision.",
"Preeclampsia is a serious condition of pregnancy, and can be particularly dangerous because many of the signs are silent while some symptoms resemble “normal” effects of pregnancy on your body. Many women suffering from preeclampsia don’t feel sick, and may be surprised or become frustrated when they are admitted to the hospital or prescribed bed rest since they still feel well.",
"High blood pressure is an important sign of preeclampsia. The disease is sometimes referred to as a silent killer because most people can’t “feel” their blood pressure going up. As a result, patient awareness of the warning signs is one of the most important tools we have to successfully help women receive the care they need. We encourage you to familiarize yourself with signs and symptoms included here to empower yourself and/or others during pregnancy.",
"Proper prenatal care is essential so don’t miss your appointments. Weighing in, checking your blood pressure and testing your urine for protein, each important for detecting preeclampsia, should take place at every prenatal visit. Do not be afraid to question your caregiver if any of these tests are omitted.",
"A good prenatal diet full of vitamins, minerals and the basic food groups are important for any pregnancy, as is reducing consumption of processed foods, refined sugars and caffeine. Eliminating alcohol and any medication not prescribed by a physician is essential. Report all medications prescribed by other doctors to your prenatal care provider so that these products can be checked regarding their safe use during pregnancy. Speak with your health care professional before taking any nutritional supplement – herbal or otherwise. Although there is no evidence that these healthy behaviors and choices impact preeclampsia, they do optimize your health for the best pregnancy possible.",
"High blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the biggest red flags that preeclampsia may be developing. And even if it's not a symptom of preeclampsia, it can still be a sign of a problem.",
"High blood pressure is traditionally defined as blood pressure of 140/90 or greater, measured on two separate occasions at least four hours apart. During pregnancy, a rise in the lower number (diastolic) of 15 degrees or more, or a rise in the upper number (systolic) of 30 degrees or more can also be a cause for concern.",
"Know your blood pressure prior to pregnancy, especially if it's normally considered low. Ask, \"What is my blood pressure?\" during each prenatal visit with your healthcare provider.",
"Keep a log of your blood pressure, taken at the same time each day and in the same position. Share your log with your healthcare provider at each visit and notify her immediately if you find any significant rise between visits.",
"You can buy your own blood pressure monitor at most pharmacies, and some of these stores have a monitor available for your use, though they aren't always reliable. If you own your own monitor, have it calibrated with those used in your provider’s office.",
"For accuracy, blood pressure readings should be taken in the sitting position, with the cuff positioned on the left arm at the level of the heart. (\"Your Blood Pressure: Know the Basics\")",
"Please note that home monitors are not always as accurate as those used in clinics or hospitals. Home readings should never replace prenatal visits, nor should a \"normal\" reading mean you can ignore other symptoms of preeclampsia.",
"Some healthcare providers will recommend bed rest for you, even though evidence has not shown it to make a difference in outcomes. Some believe this helps limit potential stressors that could contribute to elevated blood pressures. During late pregnancy, you may be advised to lie on your left side to prevent restriction on certain veins which could also contribute to elevated blood pressure. Healthcare providers do not always agree on the benefits of lying on your side, but there is no evidence of harm.",
"Proteinuria, another sign of preeclampsia, is the result of proteins, normally confined to the blood by the filtering role of your kidney, spilling into your urine. This is because preeclampsia temporarily damages this “filter.” Albumin, as well as many other proteins, are lost this way.",
"A simple dipstick test of your urine at each prenatal check-up can screen for proteinuria, though other methods may be used in clinics and medical offices such as a Protein:Creatinine Ratio (PCR) or a timed urine collection.",
"During each prenatal visit, ask your health care provider for the results of your urine test. A nurse will have dipped a reagent strip into a sample of your urine. A reading of trace protein is relatively common and is usually not a cause for concern. However, if the reading is 1+ or greater, it may signify the onset of preeclampsia, even if your blood pressure is below 140/90. If you are concerned, or have had preeclampsia before, you can buy reagent strips at some pharmacies or online. Should you record a reading of 2+ or greater at home, call your healthcare provider that very same day.",
"Sometimes healthcare providers will have you collect your urine for 12 or 24 hours to determine the exact quantity of protein in the urine. While this is not a particularly convenient task, be sure to follow your provider’s directions and make every effort to be accurate. In a 24 hour collection, proteinuria is diagnosed when there is at least 300 mg/24h though an amount close to that might be equally concerning. In the case of a protein-creatinine ratio (another way to measure proteinuria), 0.3 generally corresponds to 300 mg in a 24-hour collection.",
"A certain amount of swelling is normal during pregnancy. Unless you're one of a lucky few, you may notice a little extra puffiness in your feet (good luck fitting into your pre-pregnancy shoes!). Edema, on the other hand, is the accumulation of excess fluid, and can be a concern when it occurs in your face, around your eyes, or in your hands.",
"If you think your face is getting excessively puffy, find a picture of yourself from just before pregnancy to share with your healthcare provider. If the swelling in your hands and feet becomes severe, you may notice “pitting edema” (when you press your thumb into your skin, an indentation remains for a few seconds) or discoloration of your legs. If you suspect this kind of edema, notify your healthcare provider. You should also put your feet up every day, but avoid sitting for extended periods of time.",
"If you have tried taking over-the-counter medication without relief, if the headache is very painful, you have light sensitivity, or if your headache is accompanied by vision changes (please read the section below on \"Changes in Vision\") call your provider immediately and ask to see him/her that day.",
"Nausea or vomiting is particularly significant when the onset is sudden and after mid-pregnancy. “Morning sickness” should disappear after the first trimester and the sudden appearance of nausea and vomiting after mid pregnancy may be linked to preeclampsia.",
"Call your care provider. Nausea or vomiting can be confused with the flu or gallbladder problems, so insist on getting your blood pressure checked and checking your urine for proteinuria.",
"This type of abdominal pain, often called epigastric pain or upper right quadrant (URQ) pain, is usually under the ribs on the right side. It can be confused with heartburn, gallbladder problems, flu, indigestion or pain from the baby kicking. Shoulder pain is often called “referred pain” because it radiates from the liver under the right ribs. Lower back pain is different from muscle strain common to pregnancy, because it is usually more acute and specific. Shoulder pain can feel like someone is deeply pinching you along the bra strap or on your neck, or it can be painful to lie on your right side. All of these pain symptoms may be a sign of HELLP Syndrome or a related problem in the liver.",
"Pain in this area should be taken very seriously; do not dismiss it and go to bed. Call your health professional immediately.",
"Lower back pain is a very common complaint of pregnancy. However, sometimes it may indicate a problem with the liver, especially if it accompanies other symptoms of preeclampsia.",
"Read also Stomach and Right Shoulder Pain (above) and mention this symptom to your health care provider. If this pain accompanies one or more of the other symptoms, you should call your health care provider immediately.",
"Weight gain of more than 3-5 pounds in a week may be an indicator of preeclampsia. Damaged blood vessels allow more water to leak into and stay in your body's tissue and not to pass through the kidneys to be excreted.",
"Do not try to lose weight during pregnancy by restricting your diet. Eating a healthy, balanced diet, including fresh raw fruit and vegetables, your prenatal vitamin, and a folic acid supplement is important for all pregnancies. Avoid excessive salt. Prior to getting pregnant, achieve a healthy weight (a BMI of 30 or less) since obesity has been shown to increase the chances of getting preeclampsia.",
"Given that preeclampsia is a complex disease, women will develop it for different reasons. A healthy, balanced diet and optimal weight may make a significant difference for some women. However, we urge caution when considering diets designed for weight-loss or claiming to prevent preeclampsia that encourage large amounts of protein. Excessive dietary protein may cause problems in women with underlying kidney disease.",
"Be sure to drink sufficient amounts of fluid, usually dictated by your normal thirst sensations, and to perform moderate amounts of exercise regularly. During your prenatal visits do not attempt to disguise weight gain by skipping breakfast, using diet pills or fasting for the day. An accurate weight is vital for a proper diagnosis.",
"The Preeclampsia Foundation recognizes the importance of a good diet, however we do not recommend any particular diet or juice product.",
"Vision changes are one of the most serious symptoms of preeclampsia. They may be associated with central nervous system irritation or be an indication of swelling of the brain (cerebral edema).",
"If you experience any of these changes in vision, you should contact your healthcare provider immediately or go directly to the hospital. These symptoms are very serious and should not be left unattended, even until the next morning.",
"Hyperreflexia is when your reflexes are so strong that when your knee is tapped by a rubber “hammer,” your leg bounces back hard. Hyperreflexia is generally caused by an overreaction of the involuntary nervous system to stimulation.",
"This sign is generally measured by a healthcare provider and otherwise difficult for you to observe yourself. Like headache and visual changes, hyperreflexia may indicate changes in your nervous system. Your healthcare provider will let you know if he/she is concerned and whether it is an indication, along with other signs and symptoms, that you should go to the hospital.",
"If you are under treatment with magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures, your healthcare provider may also test your reflexes to monitor for the need to start, adjust or stop the magnesium treatment. An overdose of magnesium sulfate may suppress or excessively slow your reflexes.",
"Shortness of breath, a racing pulse, mental confusion, a heightened sense of anxiety, and a sense of impending doom can be symptoms of preeclampsia. If these symptoms are new to you, they could indicate an elevated blood pressure, or more rarely, fluid collecting in your lungs (pulmonary edema).",
"Contact your healthcare provider immediately if these symptoms are new. If you've experienced these conditions before pregnancy, be sure to mention them to your care provider during your next visit so they can be monitoried throughout your pregnancy.",
"During pregnancy, it's important to listen to your gut. If something doesn't feel right, trust your instincts and call your healthcare provider. Never be afraid to call and discuss anything unusual. A good healthcare provider will never be too busy to address your concerns. The worst outcomes of preeclampsia can be avoided by early recognition.",
"Normal web site usage The Preeclampsia Foundation has a firm commitment to Internet privacy. You can visit most portions of preeclampsia.org without telling us who you are and without revealing any personal information. The only information we collect from a normal web site visit is the name of your Internet Service Provider, the browser and type of machine you are using, the web site that referred you to us, the pages you request and the date and time you request them. We use this information to generate statistics and measure site activity to improve the usefulness of the site to our visitors.",
"Currently we are using Google Analytics to analyze the audience of the website and improve our content. No personal information is collected from Google Analytics. For further information on the privacy policy concerning Google Analytics, please go here, https://support.google.com/analytics/answer/6004245?hl=en \"",
"Collection of personally identifiable information The Preeclampsia Foundation may collect names, email addresses and other personally identifiable data about visitors when such data is voluntarily submitted to preeclampsia.org. For example, our site uses forms for visitors to register or make a donation online. Contact information from these forms is used to send information about preeclampsia or Foundation activity to our visitors. Financial information is used to bill or provide receipts to visitors in connection with their donations. To ensure the security of credit card and personal information, this Web site employs industry-standard security methods, including the Secure Socket Layers (SSL) protocol for the encryption of transmitted data. The Preeclampsia Foundation goes to great lengths to protect the confidentiality and integrity of any personal information you share with us over the Internet. In instances where we may partner with medical organizations to conduct research on preeclampsia, your participation may be expressly requested, but your permission would be required prior to sharing personally identifiable data with authorized medical organizations.",
"The Preeclampsia Foundation makes every effort to ensure the secure collection and transmission of sensitive user information using industry accepted data collection and encryption methodologies.",
"Donor Privacy Policy We will not sell, share or trade our donors' names or personal information with any other entity, nor send mailings to our donors on behalf of other organizations. This policy applies to all information received by the Preeclampsia Foundation both online and offline, on any Platform (\"Platform\", includes all Preeclampsia Foundations owned websites and mobile applications), as well as any electronic, written, or oral communications. To the extent any donations are processed through a third-party service provider, our donors’ information will only be used for purposes necessary to process the donation.",
"Cookies We do not use cookies on the majority of our website pages. The donate pages do use \"per session\" cookies. Per session cookies last only for the life of your current browser load and use no permanent storage on your hard drive. The use of per session cookies is very common in modern Web sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Signs & Symptoms: Preeclampsia Foundation\n\n * CANADA\n * Home\n * About Us\n * COMMUNITY\n * Store\n * Donate\n\n * En Espanol\n\nMeet Dr. Elizabeth Sutton, science writer of the Research Roundup for The\nPreeclampsia Registry! She helps explain... https://t.co/5WvP66ciS7\n\nToggle navigation\n\n * HEALTH INFORMATION\n\n * Signs & Symptoms\n * About Preeclampsia\n * Cause of Preeclampsia\n * HELLP Syndrome\n * Heart Disease & Stroke\n * FAQs\n * Postpartum Preeclampsia\n * Preeclampsia Tests\n * GET SUPPORT\n\n * Our Stories\n * Community Forum\n * Ask A Support Question\n * RESEARCH\n\n * Research News\n * Research Funding\n * Participate in a Study\n * Preeclampsia Registry\n * NEWS & VIEWS\n\n * Events\n * Newsletter\n * Videos\n * Photo Gallery\n * GET INVOLVED\n\n * Advocacy Efforts\n * Volunteer Center\n * Fundraising\n * Promise Walk for Preeclampsia\n * Share your Story\n * CARE PROVIDERS\n * ADVOCACY\n\n * Policy Priorities\n * Materials for Advocates\n * Materials for Providers\n * Advocacy News\n * Other Resources\n * Archive\n\nHomeHEALTH INFORMATIONSigns & Symptoms\n\nFollow @preeclampsia\n\n# SIGNS & SYMPTOMS\n\nLast Updated on Monday, July 08, 2019\n\n#### Is it just a pregnancy symptom or something more?\n\nPregnancy is a confusing time. Your body is going through a lot of changes and\nit can be hard to tell what's normal and what's a red flag. Learning more\nabout the signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, HELLP syndrome and other\nhypertensive disorders of pregnancy can help you identify a problem early and\nensure the best possible outcome.\n\nSome characteristics of preeclampsia are signs that can be measured, but may\nnot be apparent to you, such as high blood pressure. A symptom is something\nyou may experience and recognize, such as a headache or loss of vision.\n\nClick the links below for more information: No Symptoms High Blood Pressure\n(Hypertension) Proteinuria Swelling (Edema) Headache Nausea or Vomiting\nAbdominal (stomach area) and/or Shoulder Pain Lower back pain Sudden Weight\nGain Changes in Vision Hyperreflexia Shortness of breath, anxiety\n\n#### No Symptoms\n\nPreeclampsia is a serious condition of pregnancy, and can be particularly\ndangerous because many of the signs are silent while some symptoms resemble\n“normal” effects of pregnancy on your body. Many women suffering from\npreeclampsia don’t feel sick, and may be surprised or become frustrated when\nthey are admitted to the hospital or prescribed bed rest since they still feel\nwell.\n\nHigh blood pressure is an important sign of preeclampsia. The disease is\nsometimes referred to as a silent killer because most people can’t “feel”\ntheir blood pressure going up. As a result, patient awareness of the warning\nsigns is one of the most important tools we have to successfully help women\nreceive the care they need. We encourage you to familiarize yourself with\nsigns and symptoms included here to empower yourself and/or others during\npregnancy.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nProper prenatal care is essential so don’t miss your appointments. Weighing\nin, checking your blood pressure and testing your urine for protein, each\nimportant for detecting preeclampsia, should take place at every prenatal\nvisit. Do not be afraid to question your caregiver if any of these tests are\nomitted.\n\nA good prenatal diet full of vitamins, minerals and the basic food groups are\nimportant for any pregnancy, as is reducing consumption of processed foods,\nrefined sugars and caffeine. Eliminating alcohol and any medication not\nprescribed by a physician is essential. Report all medications prescribed by\nother doctors to your prenatal care provider so that these products can be\nchecked regarding their safe use during pregnancy. Speak with your health care\nprofessional before taking any nutritional supplement – herbal or otherwise.\nAlthough there is no evidence that these healthy behaviors and choices impact\npreeclampsia, they do optimize your health for the best pregnancy possible.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### High blood pressure (Hypertension)\n\nHigh blood pressure during pregnancy is one of the biggest red flags that\npreeclampsia may be developing. And even if it's not a symptom of\npreeclampsia, it can still be a sign of a problem.\n\nHigh blood pressure is traditionally defined as blood pressure of 140/90 or\ngreater, measured on two separate occasions at least four hours apart. During\npregnancy, a rise in the lower number (diastolic) of 15 degrees or more, or a\nrise in the upper number (systolic) of 30 degrees or more can also be a cause\nfor concern.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nKnow your blood pressure prior to pregnancy, especially if it's normally\nconsidered low. Ask, \"What is my blood pressure?\" during each prenatal visit\nwith your healthcare provider.\n\nKeep a log of your blood pressure, taken at the same time each day and in the\nsame position. Share your log with your healthcare provider at each visit and\nnotify her immediately if you find any significant rise between visits.\n\nYou can buy your own blood pressure monitor at most pharmacies, and some of\nthese stores have a monitor available for your use, though they aren't always\nreliable. If you own your own monitor, have it calibrated with those used in\nyour provider’s office.\n\nFor accuracy, blood pressure readings should be taken in the sitting position,\nwith the cuff positioned on the left arm at the level of the heart. (\"Your\nBlood Pressure: Know the Basics\")\n\nPlease note that home monitors are not always as accurate as those used in\nclinics or hospitals. Home readings should never replace prenatal visits, nor\nshould a \"normal\" reading mean you can ignore other symptoms of preeclampsia.\n\nSome healthcare providers will recommend bed rest for you, even though\nevidence has not shown it to make a difference in outcomes. Some believe this\nhelps limit potential stressors that could contribute to elevated blood\npressures. During late pregnancy, you may be advised to lie on your left side\nto prevent restriction on certain veins which could also contribute to\nelevated blood pressure. Healthcare providers do not always agree on the\nbenefits of lying on your side, but there is no evidence of harm.\n\nYou may consider seeing or consulting with a specialist in high risk\npregnancies. This Physician Locator may help.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Protein in your urine (Proteinuria)\n\nProteinuria, another sign of preeclampsia, is the result of proteins, normally\nconfined to the blood by the filtering role of your kidney, spilling into your\nurine. This is because preeclampsia temporarily damages this “filter.”\nAlbumin, as well as many other proteins, are lost this way.\n\nA simple dipstick test of your urine at each prenatal check-up can screen for\nproteinuria, though other methods may be used in clinics and medical offices\nsuch as a Protein:Creatinine Ratio (PCR) or a timed urine collection.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nDuring each prenatal visit, ask your health care provider for the results of\nyour urine test. A nurse will have dipped a reagent strip into a sample of\nyour urine. A reading of trace protein is relatively common and is usually not\na cause for concern. However, if the reading is 1+ or greater, it may signify\nthe onset of preeclampsia, even if your blood pressure is below 140/90. If you\nare concerned, or have had preeclampsia before, you can buy reagent strips at\nsome pharmacies or online. Should you record a reading of 2+ or greater at\nhome, call your healthcare provider that very same day.\n\nSometimes healthcare providers will have you collect your urine for 12 or 24\nhours to determine the exact quantity of protein in the urine. While this is\nnot a particularly convenient task, be sure to follow your provider’s\ndirections and make every effort to be accurate. In a 24 hour collection,\nproteinuria is diagnosed when there is at least 300 mg/24h though an amount\nclose to that might be equally concerning. In the case of a protein-creatinine\nratio (another way to measure proteinuria), 0.3 generally corresponds to 300\nmg in a 24-hour collection.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Swelling (Edema)\n\nA certain amount of swelling is normal during pregnancy. Unless you're one of\na lucky few, you may notice a little extra puffiness in your feet (good luck\nfitting into your pre-pregnancy shoes!). Edema, on the other hand, is the\naccumulation of excess fluid, and can be a concern when it occurs in your\nface, around your eyes, or in your hands.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nIf you think your face is getting excessively puffy, find a picture of\nyourself from just before pregnancy to share with your healthcare provider. If\nthe swelling in your hands and feet becomes severe, you may notice “pitting\nedema” (when you press your thumb into your skin, an indentation remains for a\nfew seconds) or discoloration of your legs. If you suspect this kind of edema,\nnotify your healthcare provider. You should also put your feet up every day,\nbut avoid sitting for extended periods of time.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Headaches\n\nDull or severe, throbbing headaches, often described as migraine-like that\njust won't go away are cause for concern.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nIf you have tried taking over-the-counter medication without relief, if the\nheadache is very painful, you have light sensitivity, or if your headache is\naccompanied by vision changes (please read the section below on \"Changes in\nVision\") call your provider immediately and ask to see him/her that day.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Nausea or Vomiting\n\nNausea or vomiting is particularly significant when the onset is sudden and\nafter mid-pregnancy. “Morning sickness” should disappear after the first\ntrimester and the sudden appearance of nausea and vomiting after mid pregnancy\nmay be linked to preeclampsia.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nCall your care provider. Nausea or vomiting can be confused with the flu or\ngallbladder problems, so insist on getting your blood pressure checked and\nchecking your urine for proteinuria.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Abdominal (stomach area) and/or Shoulder Pain\n\nThis type of abdominal pain, often called epigastric pain or upper right\nquadrant (URQ) pain, is usually under the ribs on the right side. It can be\nconfused with heartburn, gallbladder problems, flu, indigestion or pain from\nthe baby kicking. Shoulder pain is often called “referred pain” because it\nradiates from the liver under the right ribs. Lower back pain is different\nfrom muscle strain common to pregnancy, because it is usually more acute and\nspecific. Shoulder pain can feel like someone is deeply pinching you along the\nbra strap or on your neck, or it can be painful to lie on your right side. All\nof these pain symptoms may be a sign of HELLP Syndrome or a related problem in\nthe liver.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nPain in this area should be taken very seriously; do not dismiss it and go to\nbed. Call your health professional immediately.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Lower Back Pain\n\nLower back pain is a very common complaint of pregnancy. However, sometimes it\nmay indicate a problem with the liver, especially if it accompanies other\nsymptoms of preeclampsia.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nRead also Stomach and Right Shoulder Pain (above) and mention this symptom to\nyour health care provider. If this pain accompanies one or more of the other\nsymptoms, you should call your health care provider immediately.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Sudden Weight Gain\n\nWeight gain of more than 3-5 pounds in a week may be an indicator of\npreeclampsia. Damaged blood vessels allow more water to leak into and stay in\nyour body's tissue and not to pass through the kidneys to be excreted.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nDo not try to lose weight during pregnancy by restricting your diet. Eating a\nhealthy, balanced diet, including fresh raw fruit and vegetables, your\nprenatal vitamin, and a folic acid supplement is important for all\npregnancies. Avoid excessive salt. Prior to getting pregnant, achieve a\nhealthy weight (a BMI of 30 or less) since obesity has been shown to increase\nthe chances of getting preeclampsia.\n\nGiven that preeclampsia is a complex disease, women will develop it for\ndifferent reasons. A healthy, balanced diet and optimal weight may make a\nsignificant difference for some women. However, we urge caution when\nconsidering diets designed for weight-loss or claiming to prevent preeclampsia\nthat encourage large amounts of protein. Excessive dietary protein may cause\nproblems in women with underlying kidney disease.\n\nBe sure to drink sufficient amounts of fluid, usually dictated by your normal\nthirst sensations, and to perform moderate amounts of exercise regularly.\nDuring your prenatal visits do not attempt to disguise weight gain by skipping\nbreakfast, using diet pills or fasting for the day. An accurate weight is\nvital for a proper diagnosis.\n\nThe Preeclampsia Foundation recognizes the importance of a good diet, however\nwe do not recommend any particular diet or juice product.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Changes in Vision\n\nVision changes are one of the most serious symptoms of preeclampsia. They may\nbe associated with central nervous system irritation or be an indication of\nswelling of the brain (cerebral edema).\n\nCommon vision changes include sensations of flashing lights, auras, light\nsensitivity, or blurry vision or spots.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nIf you experience any of these changes in vision, you should contact your\nhealthcare provider immediately or go directly to the hospital. These symptoms\nare very serious and should not be left unattended, even until the next\nmorning.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Hyperreflexia\n\nHyperreflexia is when your reflexes are so strong that when your knee is\ntapped by a rubber “hammer,” your leg bounces back hard. Hyperreflexia is\ngenerally caused by an overreaction of the involuntary nervous system to\nstimulation.\n\nDeep tendon reflexes are increased in many women prior to seizures, but\nseizures can also occur without hyperreflexia.\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nThis sign is generally measured by a healthcare provider and otherwise\ndifficult for you to observe yourself. Like headache and visual changes,\nhyperreflexia may indicate changes in your nervous system. Your healthcare\nprovider will let you know if he/she is concerned and whether it is an\nindication, along with other signs and symptoms, that you should go to the\nhospital.\n\nIf you are under treatment with magnesium sulfate to prevent seizures, your\nhealthcare provider may also test your reflexes to monitor for the need to\nstart, adjust or stop the magnesium treatment. An overdose of magnesium\nsulfate may suppress or excessively slow your reflexes.\n\nBack to top\n\n#### Shortness of breath, anxiety\n\nShortness of breath, a racing pulse, mental confusion, a heightened sense of\nanxiety, and a sense of impending doom can be symptoms of preeclampsia. If\nthese symptoms are new to you, they could indicate an elevated blood pressure,\nor more rarely, fluid collecting in your lungs (pulmonary edema).\n\nWhat you can do...\n\nContact your healthcare provider immediately if these symptoms are new. If\nyou've experienced these conditions before pregnancy, be sure to mention them\nto your care provider during your next visit so they can be monitoried\nthroughout your pregnancy.\n\nDuring pregnancy, it's important to listen to your gut. If something doesn't\nfeel right, trust your instincts and call your healthcare provider. Never be\nafraid to call and discuss anything unusual. A good healthcare provider will\nnever be too busy to address your concerns. The worst outcomes of preeclampsia\ncan be avoided by early recognition.\n\nBack to top\n\n## Featured Video\n\nFaces of Preeclampsia\n\nView all Videos\n\n## Featured Publications\n\nPreeclampsia Awareness Survey 2014\n\nPreeclampsia: A Decade of Perspective | Global Call\n\nTop 10 Pregnancy Books Report\n\nMaking Preeclampsia History-2013 Annual Report\n\n## Resources\n\n * History of Preeclampsia\n * About Preeclampsia\n * Cause of Preeclampsia\n * Signs and Symptoms\n * HELLP Syndrome\n * Newsletters\n\n## FAQS\n\n * What is preeclampsia?\n * How does preeclampsia affect the baby?\n * Can I get preeclampsia in another pregnancy?\n\nView All\n\nJOIN OUR MAILING LIST. 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},
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"original_url": "https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190617195007/https://www.babycentre.co.uk/top-10-signs-of-pregnancy",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs",
"passages": [
"As pregnancy hormones increase the blood supply to your breasts, you may feel a tingling sensation around your nipples (Blackburn 2013, Murray and Hassall 2014).",
"This can be one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy, and is sometimes noticeable within a week or so of conception. Once your body gets used to the hormone surge, this sensation will subside.",
"It's not uncommon to have some spotting when you're around six weeks pregnant (Hasan et al 2010, Newson 2014). You may notice a slight pink or brown- coloured stain in your knickers, or when you wee, or feel slight cramping.",
"Experts aren't entirely sure why spotting in very early pregnancy happens. It's thought to be caused by the developing placenta (Norwitz and Park 2016).",
"If you're lucky, you'll escape nausea completely. However, morning sickness is a common symptom of early pregnancy (NHS 2015a). It often starts when you're about six weeks pregnant, though it can start as early as four weeks (Murray and Hassall 2014).",
"You may feel sick and queasy, or even vomit. Despite the name, morning sickness can affect you at any time of the day, or night (NHS 2015a).",
"Once you are about six weeks pregnant, your breasts may become increasingly sensitive (NHS 2016). It's similar to how they feel before you have a period, but more so.",
"You may notice that your breasts are larger and swollen, with veins visible just below the skin. Tenderness tends to be most common in the first trimester, easing as pregnancy progresses.",
"Exhausted? You may find yourself diving for your duvet as your body cranks up to support your baby, right from the early stages of pregnancy (NHS 2016). Pregnancy hormones in your body are to blame, as these can make you feel tired, upset and emotional.",
"Though fatigue is not a sure-fire symptom on its own, it's a common pregnancy one (Blackburn 2013). You may find that tiredness wipes you out the most in your first trimester and third trimester.",
"This is down to a combination of pregnancy hormones, a larger volume of blood in your system, and your kidneys working extra hard.",
"If you feel pain or a burning sensation when you wee, though, you may have a urinary tract infection (UTI). See your doctor if you think you have a UTI.",
"Skin changes are common during pregnancy. One of the first changes you may notice is the circle of skin round your nipples (areolas) getting darker (Murray and Hassall 2014). This can happen from about eight weeks.",
"You may also find that the bumps around your nipples become more pronounced, and your nipples more erect. Your vulva and vagina may change to a deeper, purplish red, too (Murray and Hassall 2014), though you probably won't notice this!",
"Food cravings can be a symptom of pregnancy. You're more likely to go off certain flavours at first, though, possibly even before you've missed a period.",
"You may notice a metallic taste in your mouth, or find that you can't face your morning coffee or a food you usually like, such as eggs (NHS 2016).",
"Find out if you can predict the sex of your baby based on the kind of foods you crave in pregnancy.More pregnancy videos",
"If you're usually pretty regular, and your period doesn't start on time, you'll probably take a pregnancy test before you notice any other symptoms. A missed period is one of the surest symptoms of pregnancy (NHS 2016).",
"But if your periods are usually irregular, or you lose track of when your next one is due, you may not realise that your period is late. In this case, tender breasts, feeling queasy and making extra trips to the loo may be early clues that you're pregnant.",
"Most home pregnancy tests will give you a reliable result if you wait until at least the first day of a missed period.",
"Blackburn ST. 2013. The prenatal period and placental physiology. In: Maternal, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. A clinical perspective. 4th ed. Oxford: Elsevier Saunders, 61-2",
"Crafter H, Brewster J. 2014. Common problems associated with early and advanced pregnancy. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 222-42",
"Hasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, et al. 2010. Patterns and predictors of vaginal bleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol 20(7):524-31",
"Norwitz ER, Park JS. 2016. Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal bleeding in pregnant women. UpToDate 08 Nov",
"Hi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before I could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima. Just when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw a post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on onimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps me with other problems till now!",
"Hi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before I could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima. Just when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw a post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on onimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps me with other problems till now!",
"* Am I being unreasonable? (AIBU)\n* What's your opinion on...? (WYOO)\n* Dynamic debate\n* Actively trying for a baby\n* Pregnancy test photos (line eyes)\n* IVF support group\n* Pregnant for the first time\n* Baby names\n* Breastfeeding\n* Baby-led weaning\n* Parents of toddlers\n* Coping with a miscarriage\nSee all in Community",
"* Before you begin\n* Ovulation & timing\n* Quiz: could you be pregnant?\n* Top 10 signs of pregnancy\n* Best sex positions\n* Ovulation calculator\n* Fertility tips for men\n* All about pregnancy tests\n* 9 tips to get pregnant fast\n* Can you choose your baby's sex?\n* How age affects fertility\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Trying for a baby\n* Am I pregnant?\n* Sex & conception\n* Infertility & trouble conceiving\nSee all in Getting Pregnant",
"* Symptoms you should never ignore\n* How big is your baby?\n* Weekly meal planners\n* Pregnancy scans\n* Baby names finder\n* Due date calculator\n* Morning sickness remedies\n* Hospital bag checklist\n* Predicting your baby's sex\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your pregnancy week by week\n* How your baby's developing\n* Dads' guide to pregnancy\n* Labour & birth\n* Baby name inspiration\n* Popular baby names 2018\nSee all in Pregnancy",
"* Bonding with your baby\n* Breastfeeding for beginners\n* Find the right formula milk\n* Buying for your baby\n* When can your baby sleep through?\n* Name that rash!\n* Baby poo: what's normal?\n* Ways to soothe a crying baby\n* Teething timeline\n* The truth about growth spurts\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your baby week by week\n* Sleep basics\n* First foods\n* Baby development\n* The best baby products\nSee all in Baby",
"* Dealing with tantrums\n* Food & fussy eating\n* Toddler development milestones\n* When to start potty training\n* Teething & sleep\n* Moving from a cot to a bed\n* Help your child sleep through\n* Bedtime routines\n* Learning to talk\n* Constipation in toddlers\n* Vomiting: what's normal?\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your toddler month by month\n* Potty training\n* Top sleep tips\n* Games & activities\nSee all in Toddler",
"* Top sleep tips for children\n* How kids learn to share\n* Coping with aggression\n* Bedtime battles\n* When your child won't stay in bed\n* Anxiety in children\n* Night terrors\n* Dealing with public tantrums\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* Your child month by month\n* Food ideas & nutrition\n* Teaching values: empathy to manners\n* Discipline tactics that work\n* Easy arts & crafts\n* Great play ideas\n* Top tips for starting school\nSee all in Preschooler",
"* Your body after birth\n* Healthy post-birth weight loss\n* Postnatal symptoms to watch out for\n* Managing postnatal depression\n* The cost of childcare\n* Your rights & benefits\n* Sex secrets for parents\n* Strengthen your post-baby belly\nPOPULAR TOPICS",
"* First timers: tips and advice\n* Family horoscopes\n* Getting back into shape\n* Your pelvic floor\n* Life as a mum\n* Life as a dad\n* Family finance tips\nSee all in Life as a Parent",
"* How pregnancy changes your body\n* What happens during childbirth\n* What to pack in your hospital bag\n* The best positions for labour\n* How to express milk\n* How to swaddle your baby\n* Breastfeeding: the trick to a comfy latch\n* Signs of teething\n* Tummy time tips\nVIDEO COLLECTIONS",
"* Fetal development stage by stage\n* Labour & birth\n* Postnatal exercises\n* Recipes for weaning & beyond\n* Baby massage how-to guides\n* Baby sleep videos\nSee all in Video",
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"This site is published by BabyCenter, L.L.C., which is responsible for its contents as further described and qualified in the Terms of Use."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs - BabyCentre UK\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Getting pregnant\n\nadvertisement\n\nCommunity groups\n\nActively tryingSymptom spottersCharts, temping and OPKsSee all getting\npregnant groups\n\nHome Getting pregnant Am I pregnant?\n\n# The top 10 pregnancy symptoms and signs\n\n### In this article\n\n * 1\\. Prickling, tingling nipples\n * 2\\. Spotting and cramping\n * 3\\. Feeling sick\n * 4\\. Tender, swollen breasts\n * 5\\. Feeling tired\n * 6\\. Needing to wee frequently\n * 7\\. Darker nipples\n * 8\\. Food cravings and altered sense of smell\n * 9\\. A missed period\n * 10\\. The proof: a positive home pregnancy test\n\nVIDEO\n\n###### Inside pregnancy: weeks 1-9\n\nA 3D animation of your baby in the early stages of pregnancy.\n\n## 1\\. Prickling, tingling nipples\n\nAs pregnancy hormones increase the blood supply to your breasts, you may feel\na tingling sensation around your nipples (Blackburn 2013, Murray and Hassall\n2014).\n\nThis can be one of the earliest symptoms of pregnancy, and is sometimes\nnoticeable within a week or so of conception. Once your body gets used to the\nhormone surge, this sensation will subside.\n\n## 2\\. Spotting and cramping\n\nIt's not uncommon to have some spotting when you're around six weeks pregnant\n(Hasan et al 2010, Newson 2014). You may notice a slight pink or brown-\ncoloured stain in your knickers, or when you wee, or feel slight cramping.\n\nExperts aren't entirely sure why spotting in very early pregnancy happens.\nIt's thought to be caused by the developing placenta (Norwitz and Park 2016).\n\nIf you have any bleeding that seems unusual, see your doctor to be on the safe\nside.\n\n## 3\\. Feeling sick\n\nIf you're lucky, you'll escape nausea completely. However, morning sickness is\na common symptom of early pregnancy (NHS 2015a). It often starts when you're\nabout six weeks pregnant, though it can start as early as four weeks (Murray\nand Hassall 2014).\n\nYou may feel sick and queasy, or even vomit. Despite the name, morning\nsickness can affect you at any time of the day, or night (NHS 2015a).\n\n## 4\\. Tender, swollen breasts\n\nOnce you are about six weeks pregnant, your breasts may become increasingly\nsensitive (NHS 2016). It's similar to how they feel before you have a period,\nbut more so.\n\nYou may notice that your breasts are larger and swollen, with veins visible\njust below the skin. Tenderness tends to be most common in the first\ntrimester, easing as pregnancy progresses.\n\n## 5\\. Feeling tired\n\nExhausted? You may find yourself diving for your duvet as your body cranks up\nto support your baby, right from the early stages of pregnancy (NHS 2016).\nPregnancy hormones in your body are to blame, as these can make you feel\ntired, upset and emotional.\n\nThough fatigue is not a sure-fire symptom on its own, it's a common pregnancy\none (Blackburn 2013). You may find that tiredness wipes you out the most in\nyour first trimester and third trimester.\n\n## 6\\. Needing to wee frequently\n\nFrom about six weeks of pregnancy, you may notice that you're weeing more\noften (NHS 2015b, Rankin 2014).\n\nThis is down to a combination of pregnancy hormones, a larger volume of blood\nin your system, and your kidneys working extra hard.\n\nIf you feel pain or a burning sensation when you wee, though, you may have a\nurinary tract infection (UTI). See your doctor if you think you have a UTI.\n\n## 7\\. Darker nipples\n\nSkin changes are common during pregnancy. One of the first changes you may\nnotice is the circle of skin round your nipples (areolas) getting darker\n(Murray and Hassall 2014). This can happen from about eight weeks.\n\nYou may also find that the bumps around your nipples become more pronounced,\nand your nipples more erect. Your vulva and vagina may change to a deeper,\npurplish red, too (Murray and Hassall 2014), though you probably won't notice\nthis!\n\n## 8\\. Food cravings and altered sense of smell\n\nFood cravings can be a symptom of pregnancy. You're more likely to go off\ncertain flavours at first, though, possibly even before you've missed a\nperiod.\n\nYou may notice a metallic taste in your mouth, or find that you can't face\nyour morning coffee or a food you usually like, such as eggs (NHS 2016).\n\nYour sense of smell may change as well, and you may become more sensitive to\nfood or cooking smells.\n\nCan cravings predict gender?\n\nFind out if you can predict the sex of your baby based on the kind of foods\nyou crave in pregnancy.More pregnancy videos\n\n## 9\\. A missed period\n\nIf you're usually pretty regular, and your period doesn't start on time,\nyou'll probably take a pregnancy test before you notice any other symptoms. A\nmissed period is one of the surest symptoms of pregnancy (NHS 2016).\n\nBut if your periods are usually irregular, or you lose track of when your next\none is due, you may not realise that your period is late. In this case, tender\nbreasts, feeling queasy and making extra trips to the loo may be early clues\nthat you're pregnant.\n\n## 10\\. The proof: a positive home pregnancy test\n\nMost home pregnancy tests will give you a reliable result if you wait until at\nleast the first day of a missed period.\n\nLast reviewed: January 2017\n\n## References\n\nBlackburn ST. 2013. The prenatal period and placental physiology. In:\nMaternal, Fetal and Neonatal Physiology. A clinical perspective. 4th ed.\nOxford: Elsevier Saunders, 61-2\n\nCrafter H, Brewster J. 2014. Common problems associated with early and\nadvanced pregnancy. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for\nMidwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 222-42\n\nHasan R, Baird DD, Herring AH, et al. 2010. Patterns and predictors of vaginal\nbleeding in the first trimester of pregnancy. Ann Epidemiol 20(7):524-31\n\nMurray I, Hassall J. 2014. Change and adaptation in pregnancy. In: Marshall\nJE, Raynor MD. eds. Myles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill\nLivingstone, 143-77\n\nNewson L. 2014. Early pregnancy signs and symptoms. Patient, Health\ninformation. patient.info [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNHS. 2015a. Nausea and morning sickness. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. Pregnancy\nand baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNHS. 2015b. Common health problems in pregnancy. NHS Choices, Health A-Z.\nPregnancy and baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNHS. 2016. Signs and symptoms of pregnancy. NHS Choices, Health A-Z. Pregnancy\nand baby. www.nhs.uk [Accessed January 2017]\n\nNorwitz ER, Park JS. 2016. Overview of the etiology and evaluation of vaginal\nbleeding in pregnant women. UpToDate 08 Nov\n\nRankin J. 2014. The female urinary tract. In: Marshall JE, Raynor MD. eds.\nMyles Textbook for Midwives. 16th ed. Edinburgh: Churchill Livingstone, 81-90\n\nShow references Hide references\n\n### Track your baby’s development\n\nJoin now to receive free weekly newsletters tracking your baby’s development\nand yours throughout your pregnancy.\n\nPrivacy policy • Terms • Cookie Policy\n\n## Comments\n\n#### Log in or sign up to post a comment!\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n10/05/19\n\nRead this it will help you get pregnant Infertilitycure.info\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n28/04/19\n\nHi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before\nI could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima.\nJust when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw\na post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on\nonimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps\nme with other problems till now!\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n15/04/19\n\nMy stomach just keep swollen up and I don't missed my period\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n21/03/19\n\nPlease, i am 9weeks pregnant and i am not seeing any changes in my stomach\n\nReport this\n\nA BabyCentre Member\n\n19/03/19\n\nHi everyone. I'm Happy and I'm from USA. It took a long wait of 10years before\nI could get pregnant and successfully give birth with the help of Dr Onima.\nJust when my husband and I thought all hope was lost and I was giving up I saw\na post online about how he helped a lady too so I sent a mail to him on\nonimatempleofsolution1@hotmail.com and I've never regretted as he still helps\nme with other problems till now!\n\nReport this\n\nSee more comments\n\nadvertisement\n\nJoin BabyCentre\n\nSign up to receive free emails and track your baby's development.\n\nYou might also like\n\n * What pregnancy symptoms will I have at three weeks?\n * What are the signs of pregnancy?\n * Your pregnancy at 3 weeks\n * How to get your body ready for a baby\n * When can I take a pregnancy test?\n * What pregnancy symptoms will I have at three weeks?\n * Is a pregnancy test accurate? (Video)\n * My home pregnancy test showed a faint line. 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"original_url": "https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423003447/https://community.babycenter.com/post/a24148093/the_early_signs_of_pregnancy_symptoms_checklist",
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"title": "The Early Signs of Pregnancy Symptoms Checklist",
"passages": [
"The following are common early signs of pregnancy. However, symptoms of pregnancy are not the same for every woman. In fact, your own symptoms may actually be different from one pregnancy to another.",
"Pregnancy symptoms can also vary in their intensity, frequency and duration. The following early signs and symptoms of pregnancy checklist is only a guideline.",
"If you are not trying to conceive, you might think it is just your period coming on again, when in reality you may be experiencing very early signs of pregnancy.",
"If you are trying to conceive, you may be frustrated when you think you may be experiencing early symptoms of pregnancy but they are only pre-menstrual symptoms.",
"You will experience a wide variety of physical and emotional changes during pregnancy. These may include any or all of the pregnancy symptoms listed below.",
"Although each of these are considered typical early symptoms of pregnancy, they may happen earlier or later than the order in which they appear on the following list.",
"Remember, some of the earliest signs of pregancy may be subtle, not obvious. Whenever there is any question that you might be experiencing early signs of pregnancy, do a home pregnancy test.",
"Perhaps the most obvious early symptom of pregnancy is when you've missed your period. This possible sign of pregnancy is often what causes women to search for more details about the other pregnancy symptoms.",
"Some women might only experience a much lighter period compared to their usual. You might not experience any of the pregnancy signs listed below until around the time you notice you've missed your monthly cycle.",
"This early pregnancy symptom may be the reason why you are checking this list right now. Many women believe they have an intuition about pregnancy signs. Their intuition is often proven correct.",
"Maybe you just feel different; tired, moody, queasy, lightheaded. You may also have heartburn, constipation, or find yourself making more frequent trips to the restroom. Perhaps you feel a dull ache or stiffness in your lower back, you have sore breasts or they seem overly sensitive, or you are simply not feeling like your usual self.",
"One of the very noticeable early signs of pregnancy is tender, swollen, somewhat sore breasts. You may notice this pregnancy sign at bedtime when you are trying to get comfortable and go to sleep, when exercising or showering, or when getting dressed.",
"When you become pregnant, your body begins preparing your breasts for producing milk and breastfeeding. Hormones start increasing. In addition to breast tenderness and swelling, your nipples may feel sore or extra sensitive. Some women notice their nipples darken in color.",
"Your breasts play an important role in childbirth. They are naturally sensitive and become far more so when pregnant. This is one of the most obvious early symptoms of pregnancy.",
"One of the earliest pregnancy signs for some women may be fatigue and exhaustion. You may start going to bed sooner, or find it harder than usual to get out of bed in the morning. If you are working, by noon you may feel like you need to lie down. Exercising seems like too much effort. A simple activity like shopping may leave you feeling wiped out and lightheaded. This early pregnancy symptom is caused by all of the changes that your body is going through, plus the increasing levels of hormones.",
"If you know you are pregnant, try to take frequent rests or naps of 15 minutes to a half-hour whenever possible. Explain to your family, friends and coworkers that you need these naps. Ask for their help in blocking out rest times for you.",
"An early symptom of pregnancy that others may notice you experiencing is frequent trips to the restroom. Your family or friends may comment that you seem to be going off to the ladies room quite often lately. One cause of this pregnancy symptom is that the swelling uterus can put pressure on your bladder.",
"Also, pregnancy causes extra body fluids to be processed by your kidneys and bladder. That means more trips to the restroom. Sorry to have to say this, but this symptom of pregnancy may remain constant for nine months.",
"One of these pregnancy signs of queasiness, nausea and vomiting can take you by surprise when you least expect it. These early pregnancy symptoms may come as soon as a week into the pregnancy. Many women experience nausea in the morning when they have coffee and/or eat something on an empty stomach. This is known as morning sickness (see below). Other women notice nausea in the afternoon or evening. Others feel queasy all day.",
"This pregnancy symptom may often be helped by eating smaller, more frequent snack size meals. Many women say saltine crackers and milk seem to be helpful. This is an early symptom of pregnancy that seems to show up about a month after pregnancy has begun. It tends to level off once you are into your second trimester and your body adjusts to all the many changes it is going through.",
"One of the more surprising pregnancy signs is dizziness and/or fainting. Going up stairs, standing up suddenly after sitting for a time, or just having to stand in line at the grocery store can make you feel light headed. You might even faint. As the uterus swells it compresses arteries in your legs. This can drop your blood pressure and make you dizzy.",
"A common early sign of pregnancy is that you may feel faint when you have gone a while without eating. This is due to low blood sugar, because that is your baby's main source of food. You want to eat frequent, healthy snacks to keep your blood sugar up. Stock up on portable lunch box foods you can take with you. Such as apples, bananas, grapes, yogurt cups, carrots and celery, cheese and crackers, small cartons of milk, juice boxes, granola bars, boxes of raisins, etc.",
"A well-known cliché is the pregnancy sign-symptom of craving certain foods or unusual combinations of foods. For example, one woman said she craved midnight snacks of warm peach pie topped with vanilla ice cream. Everyone has a funny story about food cravings.",
"Taking a good pre-natal vitamin supplement and a pure fish oil capsule may ease some cravings and help prevent extra weight gain ... and of course prenatal vitamins and fish oil are often doctor recommended for the health of your baby.",
"Less well known but equally common pregnancy signs are aversions to certain foods. You may find that some foods you previously enjoyed are no longer appetizing. One woman told us she had always liked pizza, but couldn't stand it at all while she was expecting. Just the smell of it made her feel nausea. This problem may come and go for some women. For others it could last throughout pregnancy.",
"Another related early symptom of pregnancy is a heightened sensitivity to aromas. Even a favorite aroma, such as the smell of a food or perfume, can make you gag. The smell of fresh mowed grass, the smell of a gas station, smells of various foods, household cleaners, perfumes, cigarette smoke, etc., can all cause you to feel nauseated (see nausea symptom above). This is thought to be yet another side effect of the estrogen that is flooding your body.",
"This pregnancy symptom is well known, and it is related to the nausea symptom. It can be caused by a variety of factors. Your body is craving food and you have not eaten all night so your tummy feels queasy. Your body has way more hormones coursing through it than normal and this can . You are sensitive to aromas and foods, so your morning coffee may not agree with you. The usual breakfast you typically have may not settle well in your stomach during this time. One woman usually had a scone along with a coffee late' for breakfast, but found that during pregnancy it made her feel sick. She changed to tea and toast and that worked well for her. Each woman is different and will have different foods that may or may not contribute to morning sickness.",
"This pregnancy symptom is caused by the uterus starting to swell and pushing against the stomach and other organs as it grows. Also, increasing levels of hormones may slow down digestion and bowel functions to allow the body to absorb as much vitamins, minerals and nutrients as possible from foods. Taking a quality prenatal multi-vitamin-mineral supplement is important to help your body get the nutrients it needs for your growing baby.",
"The slower emptying of the stomach may also cause the release of increased stomach acid to aid digestion, leading to a feeling of heartburn. Soda crackers and sparkling water can help. Smaller more frequent meals are easier to digest. Drink plenty of water and eat fruits, vegetables and perhaps some raisin and bran cereal to help regularity. Some daily vitamin formulas also contain digestive enzymes (from pineapple and papaya fruits). These can help with digestion.",
"Ask your doctor before taking any kind of antacids as some contain aluminum and should be avoided. These two pregnancy symptoms can last throughout your term.",
"With all of these symptoms of pregnancy to deal with, along with raging hormones, is it any wonder you may experience some mood swings and irritability? There is also the emotional adjustment period to your new responsibility. Your world has changed. Even when your pregnancy is carefully planned, it is normal for your mind to suddenly be filled with questions about the timing, your career, finances, insurance, labor and delivery, motherhood, even the future costs of college.",
"It is perfectly normal to feel mixed emotions, excitement and depression, joy and sorrow, laughter and tears. Your partner may be very confused by this and may not seem to be supportive. Explain that your mood swings are very normal signs of pregnancy and that you need support and understanding.",
"You are the one doing all the hard work here and it is not asking too much for your partner to be patient, loving and to have plenty of hugs and kind words of support ready when you need them. Most fathers-to-be want very much to be supportive, they just need instructions. No one has ever told them anything about pregnancy symptoms. It is all a mystery to them.",
"We encourage you to email or print-out this early symptom of pregnancy checklist so your partner can read it too.",
"This early symptom of pregnancy may decrease in the second trimester. Meanwhile get plenty of sleep, eat right, take your prenatal vitamins and fish oil (fish oil is known as \"good mood food\") and get some moderate exercise by taking short walks.",
"One of the pregnancy symptoms that takes a while to gauge is higher than usual body temperature. You may have been feeling a little bit warm lately and wondered if you are coming down with a cold or something. Take your temperature and see if it is higher than it normally would be.",
"If you've been trying to conceive and hoping to get pregnant (it's a tough job but somebody has to do it), your doctor may already have suggested that you keep a record of your body temperature every day. If your temperature is higher than usual and it stays high for two weeks in a row, something is obviously going on with your body. You may be pregnant (or you may have a low grade fever). Prolonged periods of increased temperature are a cause to seek your doctor's opinion.",
"Early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain can be “a real pain,” literally. This low back pain is caused by several factors. First is your weight change. You gain some weight because you are pregnant, your uterus gets bigger, and your baby grows larger every week. Next, your posture and torso are thrown out of alignment. This weight is mostly in the front of your torso, which pulls on your back. It is like wearing a backpack on your front instead of your back. This changes your posture and puts a strain on your back.",
"Lack of your typical night’s sleep is another factor. You may be laying on your side and trying to get comfortable. The weight of your womb is pulling on your back muscles as you lay there too. Get a maternity pillow as that can help make you more comfortable.",
"Finally, your hormones and body changes have some effect too. Your body is getting ready for birth and so some of your joints and ligaments are loosening up to make delivery possible. All of these changes added together can cause the early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain. It is estimated that about half of all women will experience this pregnancy symptom.",
"One of the less known pregnancy symptoms is the slight bleeding and spotting that can be caused when the fertilized egg begins to implant itself into the uterus. This is known as \"implantation bleeding\" and it usually takes place between 3 to 6 days after fertilization.(This is earlier than I've ever read and it is a very recent article, not an old \"guess\".)",
"Once the egg becomes implanted in the uterus - congratulations, you are no longer wondering about pregnancy symptoms, you are indeed pregnant. At this point you might notice a little bit of red or pink spotting. Not all women experience implantation bleeding so it is not considered one of the most obvious pregnancy signs.",
"If you are worrying about possible early symptoms of pregnancy, you can put your mind at ease with a pregnancy test. More than just a pregnancy symptom, this is scientific proof positive of whether you are expecting a baby or not.",
"Pregnancy tests work best if you wait to take them until at least a day or two after you miss your period. Even if the pregnancy test result is negative you should try it again a few days later to be sure. The best pregnancy tests are the ones done by your doctor or medical clinic. However there are some very high quality at home tests available too.",
"Yes some unavoidable weight gain is also a sign. Your clothes are getting tighter, you are feeling bloated, the weight showing on the scale is going up... you are getting bigger and that is simply part of being pregnant.",
"You want to keep your weight gain to the normal amount for a healthy pregnancy, and not let it get out of hand to where you pack on a lot of unnecessary pounds that will be hard to lose later. Some tips on weight control can be found on this Pregnancy Without Pounds page.",
"Also, your odd food cravings may not be as strong if you are taking your prenatal vitamins and fish oil capsules. The cravings may be due to your body's need for special nutrition. The importance of pre-natal vitamins and fish oil capsules",
"Your doctor will tell you that if you are trying to conceive, or you believe you may be experiencing early pregnancy symptoms, you should be taking daily pre-natal vitamins. Vitamin supplements offer support for women trying to conceive, for your health and for the health of your baby.",
"Your body is under great nutritional demands to feed the growing little person inside you. For example, the March of Dimes encourages women to take a multi- vitamin containing folic acid, (a B vitamin).",
"Folic acid can help prevent birth defects. Help your body and your baby's body get the nutrition it needs. Take a quality pre-natal vitamin with folic acid just as soon as you notice the first common early pregnancy sign.",
"Many pregnant women are now also taking a high quality pharmaceutical grade pure fish oil supplement. This gives you the important nutrients of DHA and omega-3 for healthy babies.",
"It has been shown in clinical studies that diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids from fish oil which provides DHA, will help to provide nutritional support to a baby's visual, nerve and brain function.",
"Fish oil capsules vary in quality. Distilled pharmaceutical grade fish oil is thought by many to be the very best quality. Don't take any chances on the quality of some \"mystery fish\" oil ... the very best kind we've ever found in our endless research is this amazing best quality fish oil",
"Warning: Your doctor will probably tell you, do not take flaxseed oil during pregnancy. Don't try to get omega-3 that way. Get it from fish oil instead. Flaxseed oil can have an effect upon estrogen and hormones, like soy can. It is for postmenopausal women, not pregnant women!",
"Talk to your doctor. Be very careful to avoid most herbs and supplements when pregnant or nursing. Most Moms only take prenatal supplements and the best quality fish oil pills. Always get the advice and approval of your doctor before taking any supplement during pregnancy, breastfeeding or when experiencing pregnancy symptoms.",
"I couldn't sleep last night so I did a lot of reading and several sites made the statement that with a second (or third, etc) pregnancy you are much more in tune with your body and you may even have signs of queasiness/nausea as soon as 24 hours after fertilization. Good to know.",
"very good to know!!!! that is the one thing since O that has not gone away! I am hopefull. Still remaining sceptical of a bfp though!",
"Tara - great info! I just wish it said on each symptom when it typically occurs. I know all women are different but just an idea of when \"most\" women start experiencing each symptom would be great. I know some of them stated about when but not all. What I really need is to stop analyzing every little thing 24/7! Ahhhh, I'm driving myself crazy",
"Oh no. I've been taking a Triple Omega for like a month - with flaxseed in addition to fish & safflower oils. Uggg!!!!!",
"I have one to add, and I do not recall seeing this on any of the early pregnancy symptom lists I have read online.",
"The first symptom I had when I was pregnant for LO was forgetfulness. I'd be thinking about something in particular, but the thought would just slip away. It happened quite a lot.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "The Early Signs of Pregnancy Symptoms Checklist | BabyCenter\n\nAdvertisement\n\n1\n\nLog in / Sign up\n\n * Community\n * Getting Pregnant\n * Pregnancy\n * Baby\n * Toddler\n * Child\n * Health\n * Video\n * Baby Products\n * For You\n\n * Community\n\n * Birth Clubs\n * Groups\n * Mom Answers\n * See all in Community\n * Getting Pregnant\n\n * Ovulation Calculator\n * Pregnancy Symptoms\n * How to Get Pregnant Fast\n * What Cervical Mucus Looks Like\n * When Do I Ovulate?\n * Am I Pregnant?\n * In Vitro Fertilization\n * Ovulation Symptoms\n * Pregnancy Tests\n * Implantation Bleeding\n * Chart Your Cycle\n * See all in Getting Pregnant\n * Pregnancy\n\n * Due Date Calculator\n * Baby Name Finder\n * Popular Baby Names\n * Pregnancy Week by Week\n * Sex During Pregnancy\n * Weight Gain Tracker\n * Signs of Labor\n * Morning Sickness\n * Cramping During pregnancy\n * C-Sections\n * Gestational Diabetes\n * See all in Pregnancy\n * Baby\n\n * Feeding Guide\n * Sleep Basics & Training\n * Soothe a Crying Baby\n * When Babies Start Talking\n * When Babies Roll Over\n * When Babies Crawl\n * Diaper Rash\n * Postpartum Depression\n * Breastfeeding\n * First-Year Baby Costs Calculator\n * See all in Baby\n * Toddler\n\n * Average Weight & Height\n * Autism Signs\n * Child Growth Chart\n * Night Terrors\n * Moving from Crib to Bed\n * Development Milestones\n * Toddler Feeding Guide\n * Toddler Tantrums\n * Separation Anxiety\n * How Much Sleep? 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However, symptoms of\npregnancy are not the same for every woman. In fact, your own symptoms may\nactually be different from one pregnancy to another.\n\nPregnancy symptoms can also vary in their intensity, frequency and duration.\nThe following early signs and symptoms of pregnancy checklist is only a\nguideline.\n\nAlso keep in mind that many of the earliest pregnancy symptoms can appear\nsimilar to routine pre-menstrual discomforts.\n\nIf you are not trying to conceive, you might think it is just your period\ncoming on again, when in reality you may be experiencing very early signs of\npregnancy.\n\nIf you are trying to conceive, you may be frustrated when you think you may be\nexperiencing early symptoms of pregnancy but they are only pre-menstrual\nsymptoms.\n\nYou will experience a wide variety of physical and emotional changes during\npregnancy. These may include any or all of the pregnancy symptoms listed\nbelow.\n\nAlthough each of these are considered typical early symptoms of pregnancy,\nthey may happen earlier or later than the order in which they appear on the\nfollowing list.\n\nRemember, some of the earliest signs of pregancy may be subtle, not obvious.\nWhenever there is any question that you might be experiencing early signs of\npregnancy, do a home pregnancy test.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #1\n\n### Missed Period\n\nPerhaps the most obvious early symptom of pregnancy is when you've missed your\nperiod. This possible sign of pregnancy is often what causes women to search\nfor more details about the other pregnancy symptoms.\n\nSome women might only experience a much lighter period compared to their\nusual. You might not experience any of the pregnancy signs listed below until\naround the time you notice you've missed your monthly cycle.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #2\n\n### Just \"Feeling\" Pregnant\n\nThis early pregnancy symptom may be the reason why you are checking this list\nright now. Many women believe they have an intuition about pregnancy signs.\nTheir intuition is often proven correct.\n\nMaybe you just feel different; tired, moody, queasy, lightheaded. You may also\nhave heartburn, constipation, or find yourself making more frequent trips to\nthe restroom. Perhaps you feel a dull ache or stiffness in your lower back,\nyou have sore breasts or they seem overly sensitive, or you are simply not\nfeeling like your usual self.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #3\n\n### Breast Tenderness\n\nOne of the very noticeable early signs of pregnancy is tender, swollen,\nsomewhat sore breasts. You may notice this pregnancy sign at bedtime when you\nare trying to get comfortable and go to sleep, when exercising or showering,\nor when getting dressed.\n\nWhen you become pregnant, your body begins preparing your breasts for\nproducing milk and breastfeeding. Hormones start increasing. In addition to\nbreast tenderness and swelling, your nipples may feel sore or extra sensitive.\nSome women notice their nipples darken in color.\n\nYour breasts play an important role in childbirth. They are naturally\nsensitive and become far more so when pregnant. This is one of the most\nobvious early symptoms of pregnancy.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #4\n\n### Fatigue\n\nOne of the earliest pregnancy signs for some women may be fatigue and\nexhaustion. You may start going to bed sooner, or find it harder than usual to\nget out of bed in the morning. If you are working, by noon you may feel like\nyou need to lie down. Exercising seems like too much effort. A simple activity\nlike shopping may leave you feeling wiped out and lightheaded. This early\npregnancy symptom is caused by all of the changes that your body is going\nthrough, plus the increasing levels of hormones.\n\nIf you know you are pregnant, try to take frequent rests or naps of 15 minutes\nto a half-hour whenever possible. Explain to your family, friends and\ncoworkers that you need these naps. Ask for their help in blocking out rest\ntimes for you.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #5\n\n### Frequent Urination\n\nAn early symptom of pregnancy that others may notice you experiencing is\nfrequent trips to the restroom. Your family or friends may comment that you\nseem to be going off to the ladies room quite often lately. One cause of this\npregnancy symptom is that the swelling uterus can put pressure on your\nbladder.\n\nAlso, pregnancy causes extra body fluids to be processed by your kidneys and\nbladder. That means more trips to the restroom. Sorry to have to say this, but\nthis symptom of pregnancy may remain constant for nine months.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #6\n\n### Nausea\n\nOne of these pregnancy signs of queasiness, nausea and vomiting can take you\nby surprise when you least expect it. These early pregnancy symptoms may come\nas soon as a week into the pregnancy. Many women experience nausea in the\nmorning when they have coffee and/or eat something on an empty stomach. This\nis known as morning sickness (see below). Other women notice nausea in the\nafternoon or evening. Others feel queasy all day.\n\nThis pregnancy symptom may often be helped by eating smaller, more frequent\nsnack size meals. Many women say saltine crackers and milk seem to be helpful.\nThis is an early symptom of pregnancy that seems to show up about a month\nafter pregnancy has begun. It tends to level off once you are into your second\ntrimester and your body adjusts to all the many changes it is going through.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #7\n\n### Dizziness and/or Fainting\n\nOne of the more surprising pregnancy signs is dizziness and/or fainting. Going\nup stairs, standing up suddenly after sitting for a time, or just having to\nstand in line at the grocery store can make you feel light headed. You might\neven faint. As the uterus swells it compresses arteries in your legs. This can\ndrop your blood pressure and make you dizzy.\n\nA common early sign of pregnancy is that you may feel faint when you have gone\na while without eating. This is due to low blood sugar, because that is your\nbaby's main source of food. You want to eat frequent, healthy snacks to keep\nyour blood sugar up. Stock up on portable lunch box foods you can take with\nyou. Such as apples, bananas, grapes, yogurt cups, carrots and celery, cheese\nand crackers, small cartons of milk, juice boxes, granola bars, boxes of\nraisins, etc.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #8\n\n### Food Cravings, or Aversions to Foods\n\nA well-known cliché is the pregnancy sign-symptom of craving certain foods or\nunusual combinations of foods. For example, one woman said she craved midnight\nsnacks of warm peach pie topped with vanilla ice cream. Everyone has a funny\nstory about food cravings.\n\nTaking a good pre-natal vitamin supplement and a pure fish oil capsule may\nease some cravings and help prevent extra weight gain ... and of course\nprenatal vitamins and fish oil are often doctor recommended for the health of\nyour baby.\n\nLess well known but equally common pregnancy signs are aversions to certain\nfoods. You may find that some foods you previously enjoyed are no longer\nappetizing. One woman told us she had always liked pizza, but couldn't stand\nit at all while she was expecting. Just the smell of it made her feel nausea.\nThis problem may come and go for some women. For others it could last\nthroughout pregnancy.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #9\n\n### Sensitivity to Aromas\n\nAnother related early symptom of pregnancy is a heightened sensitivity to\naromas. Even a favorite aroma, such as the smell of a food or perfume, can\nmake you gag. The smell of fresh mowed grass, the smell of a gas station,\nsmells of various foods, household cleaners, perfumes, cigarette smoke, etc.,\ncan all cause you to feel nauseated (see nausea symptom above). This is\nthought to be yet another side effect of the estrogen that is flooding your\nbody.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #10\n\n### Morning Sickness\n\nThis pregnancy symptom is well known, and it is related to the nausea symptom.\nIt can be caused by a variety of factors. Your body is craving food and you\nhave not eaten all night so your tummy feels queasy. Your body has way more\nhormones coursing through it than normal and this can . You are sensitive to\naromas and foods, so your morning coffee may not agree with you. The usual\nbreakfast you typically have may not settle well in your stomach during this\ntime. One woman usually had a scone along with a coffee late' for breakfast,\nbut found that during pregnancy it made her feel sick. She changed to tea and\ntoast and that worked well for her. Each woman is different and will have\ndifferent foods that may or may not contribute to morning sickness.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #11\n\n### Heartburn and/or Constipation\n\nThis pregnancy symptom is caused by the uterus starting to swell and pushing\nagainst the stomach and other organs as it grows. Also, increasing levels of\nhormones may slow down digestion and bowel functions to allow the body to\nabsorb as much vitamins, minerals and nutrients as possible from foods. Taking\na quality prenatal multi-vitamin-mineral supplement is important to help your\nbody get the nutrients it needs for your growing baby.\n\nThe slower emptying of the stomach may also cause the release of increased\nstomach acid to aid digestion, leading to a feeling of heartburn. Soda\ncrackers and sparkling water can help. Smaller more frequent meals are easier\nto digest. Drink plenty of water and eat fruits, vegetables and perhaps some\nraisin and bran cereal to help regularity. Some daily vitamin formulas also\ncontain digestive enzymes (from pineapple and papaya fruits). These can help\nwith digestion.\n\nAsk your doctor before taking any kind of antacids as some contain aluminum\nand should be avoided. These two pregnancy symptoms can last throughout your\nterm.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #12\n\n### Mood Swings and Irritability\n\nWith all of these symptoms of pregnancy to deal with, along with raging\nhormones, is it any wonder you may experience some mood swings and\nirritability? There is also the emotional adjustment period to your new\nresponsibility. Your world has changed. Even when your pregnancy is carefully\nplanned, it is normal for your mind to suddenly be filled with questions about\nthe timing, your career, finances, insurance, labor and delivery, motherhood,\neven the future costs of college.\n\nIt is perfectly normal to feel mixed emotions, excitement and depression, joy\nand sorrow, laughter and tears. Your partner may be very confused by this and\nmay not seem to be supportive. Explain that your mood swings are very normal\nsigns of pregnancy and that you need support and understanding.\n\nYou are the one doing all the hard work here and it is not asking too much for\nyour partner to be patient, loving and to have plenty of hugs and kind words\nof support ready when you need them. Most fathers-to-be want very much to be\nsupportive, they just need instructions. No one has ever told them anything\nabout pregnancy symptoms. It is all a mystery to them.\n\nWe encourage you to email or print-out this early symptom of pregnancy\nchecklist so your partner can read it too.\n\nThis early symptom of pregnancy may decrease in the second trimester.\nMeanwhile get plenty of sleep, eat right, take your prenatal vitamins and fish\noil (fish oil is known as \"good mood food\") and get some moderate exercise by\ntaking short walks.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #13\n\n### Higher body temperature\n\nOne of the pregnancy symptoms that takes a while to gauge is higher than usual\nbody temperature. You may have been feeling a little bit warm lately and\nwondered if you are coming down with a cold or something. Take your\ntemperature and see if it is higher than it normally would be.\n\nIf you've been trying to conceive and hoping to get pregnant (it's a tough job\nbut somebody has to do it), your doctor may already have suggested that you\nkeep a record of your body temperature every day. If your temperature is\nhigher than usual and it stays high for two weeks in a row, something is\nobviously going on with your body. You may be pregnant (or you may have a low\ngrade fever). Prolonged periods of increased temperature are a cause to seek\nyour doctor's opinion.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #14\n\n### Low Back Pain\n\nEarly pregnancy symptoms of low back pain can be “a real pain,” literally.\nThis low back pain is caused by several factors. First is your weight change.\nYou gain some weight because you are pregnant, your uterus gets bigger, and\nyour baby grows larger every week. Next, your posture and torso are thrown out\nof alignment. This weight is mostly in the front of your torso, which pulls on\nyour back. It is like wearing a backpack on your front instead of your back.\nThis changes your posture and puts a strain on your back.\n\nLack of your typical night’s sleep is another factor. You may be laying on\nyour side and trying to get comfortable. The weight of your womb is pulling on\nyour back muscles as you lay there too. Get a maternity pillow as that can\nhelp make you more comfortable.\n\nFinally, your hormones and body changes have some effect too. Your body is\ngetting ready for birth and so some of your joints and ligaments are loosening\nup to make delivery possible. All of these changes added together can cause\nthe early pregnancy symptoms of low back pain. It is estimated that about half\nof all women will experience this pregnancy symptom.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #15\n\n### Implantation Bleeding\n\nOne of the less known pregnancy symptoms is the slight bleeding and spotting\nthat can be caused when the fertilized egg begins to implant itself into the\nuterus. This is known as \"implantation bleeding\" and it usually takes place\nbetween 3 to 6 days after fertilization.(This is earlier than I've ever read\nand it is a very recent article, not an old \"guess\".)\n\nOnce the egg becomes implanted in the uterus - congratulations, you are no\nlonger wondering about pregnancy symptoms, you are indeed pregnant. At this\npoint you might notice a little bit of red or pink spotting. Not all women\nexperience implantation bleeding so it is not considered one of the most\nobvious pregnancy signs.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy: #16\n\n### A Positive Pregnancy Test\n\nIf you are worrying about possible early symptoms of pregnancy, you can put\nyour mind at ease with a pregnancy test. More than just a pregnancy symptom,\nthis is scientific proof positive of whether you are expecting a baby or not.\n\nPregnancy tests work best if you wait to take them until at least a day or two\nafter you miss your period. Even if the pregnancy test result is negative you\nshould try it again a few days later to be sure. The best pregnancy tests are\nthe ones done by your doctor or medical clinic. However there are some very\nhigh quality at home tests available too.\n\nEarly signs of pregnancy symptoms: #17\n\n### Bloating and Weight Gain\n\nYes some unavoidable weight gain is also a sign. Your clothes are getting\ntighter, you are feeling bloated, the weight showing on the scale is going\nup... you are getting bigger and that is simply part of being pregnant.\n\nYou want to keep your weight gain to the normal amount for a healthy\npregnancy, and not let it get out of hand to where you pack on a lot of\nunnecessary pounds that will be hard to lose later. Some tips on weight\ncontrol can be found on this Pregnancy Without Pounds page.\n\nAlso, your odd food cravings may not be as strong if you are taking your\nprenatal vitamins and fish oil capsules. The cravings may be due to your\nbody's need for special nutrition. The importance of pre-natal vitamins and\nfish oil capsules\n\nYour doctor will tell you that if you are trying to conceive, or you believe\nyou may be experiencing early pregnancy symptoms, you should be taking daily\npre-natal vitamins. Vitamin supplements offer support for women trying to\nconceive, for your health and for the health of your baby.\n\nYour body is under great nutritional demands to feed the growing little person\ninside you. For example, the March of Dimes encourages women to take a multi-\nvitamin containing folic acid, (a B vitamin).\n\nFolic acid can help prevent birth defects. Help your body and your baby's body\nget the nutrition it needs. Take a quality pre-natal vitamin with folic acid\njust as soon as you notice the first common early pregnancy sign.\n\nMany pregnant women are now also taking a high quality pharmaceutical grade\npure fish oil supplement. This gives you the important nutrients of DHA and\nomega-3 for healthy babies.\n\nIt has been shown in clinical studies that diets rich in omega-3 fatty acids\nfrom fish oil which provides DHA, will help to provide nutritional support to\na baby's visual, nerve and brain function.\n\nFish oil capsules vary in quality. Distilled pharmaceutical grade fish oil is\nthought by many to be the very best quality. Don't take any chances on the\nquality of some \"mystery fish\" oil ... the very best kind we've ever found in\nour endless research is this amazing best quality fish oil\n\nWarning: Your doctor will probably tell you, do not take flaxseed oil during\npregnancy. Don't try to get omega-3 that way. Get it from fish oil instead.\nFlaxseed oil can have an effect upon estrogen and hormones, like soy can. It\nis for postmenopausal women, not pregnant women!\n\nRead our information about flaxseed oil and pregnancy before taking any flax\nseed oil.\n\nTalk to your doctor. Be very careful to avoid most herbs and supplements when\npregnant or nursing. Most Moms only take prenatal supplements and the best\nquality fish oil pills. Always get the advice and approval of your doctor\nbefore taking any supplement during pregnancy, breastfeeding or when\nexperiencing pregnancy symptoms.\n\nhttp://www.womens-health-questions.com/pregnancysymptoms.html\n\nOriginal poster's comments (3)\n\n## comments (169)\n\n * mommabex\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nThank you so much!!!! Now i don't feel to crazy even though i may be overly\nscrutenizing my \"symptoms\".\n\nSee all replies (1)\n\n * t\n\ntkjknkk2007 · Original Poster\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nI couldn't sleep last night so I did a lot of reading and several sites made\nthe statement that with a second (or third, etc) pregnancy you are much more\nin tune with your body and you may even have signs of queasiness/nausea as\nsoon as 24 hours after fertilization. Good to know.\n\nSee all replies (1)\n\n * mommabex\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nvery good to know!!!! that is the one thing since O that has not gone away! I\nam hopefull. Still remaining sceptical of a bfp though!\n\n * RASL30\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nOoo, thanks!\n\nI was one that had quiziness early on, I think at about 6&7dpo w/ DS.\n\n * t\n\ntkjknkk2007 · Original Poster\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nI've felt like puking for two days...we'll see.\n\n * RASL30\n\nGroup Owner\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nKMFX!!!!!!!\n\n * mommabex\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nMe too! I comes in waves, KMFX we can test soon (for real this time)\n\n * s\n\nsimmons_family\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nTara - great info! I just wish it said on each symptom when it typically\noccurs. I know all women are different but just an idea of when \"most\" women\nstart experiencing each symptom would be great. I know some of them stated\nabout when but not all. What I really need is to stop analyzing every little\nthing 24/7! Ahhhh, I'm driving myself crazy\n\n * c\n\nchrissie_emm\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nOh no. I've been taking a Triple Omega for like a month - with flaxseed in\naddition to fish & safflower oils. Uggg!!!!!\n\nThx for the info\n\n * b\n\nbecky-esq\n\nPosted 9/2/10\n\nI have one to add, and I do not recall seeing this on any of the early\npregnancy symptom lists I have read online.\n\nThe first symptom I had when I was pregnant for LO was forgetfulness. I'd be\nthinking about something in particular, but the thought would just slip away.\nIt happened quite a lot.\n\nThe other early symptoms I experienced were increased thirst and occasional\ndizziness.\n\nSee all replies (1)\n\nMore posts in \"Actively TTC #2 - \"The Good Luck Group\"\" group\n\nCreate post in \"Actively TTC #2 - \"The Good Luck Group\"\" group\n\nGet the BabyCenter app\n\nThe #1 app for tracking pregnancy and baby growth.\n\n### BABYCENTER IS YOUR PARENTING PARTNER.\n\nBabyCenter is committed to providing the most helpful and trustworthy\npregnancy and parenting information in the world. Our content is doctor\napproved and evidence based, and our community is moderated, lively, and\nwelcoming. With thousands of award-winning articles and community groups, you\ncan track your pregnancy and baby's growth, get answers to your toughest\nquestions, and connect with moms, dads, and expectant parents just like you.\n\n### ABOUT BABYCENTER\n\n * About us\n * Awards\n * Careers\n * Advertise with us\n * Press Center\n * Mission Motherhood\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Accessibility\n * Ad Choices\n\n * Do not sell my personal information\n * Freebies & Deals\n * Popular topics\n * Help Center\n * Contact Us\n * Community Guidelines\n * Email Subscriptions\n * Account Details\n * Family Information\n\n### OTHER SITES\n\n * Pregnancy.com\n * BabyCenter en Español\n * Arabia\n * Australia\n * Brazil\n * Canada\n * France\n * Germany\n\n * India\n * Malaysia\n * UK\n\nCONNECT WITH US\n\nCopyright© 1997-2021 BabyCenter, LLC. All rights reserved. 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"original_url": "http://americanpregnancy.org/gettingpregnant/earlypregnancysymptoms.html",
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"title": "Early Signs of Pregnancy",
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"Pregnancy symptoms differ from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy; however, one of the most significant pregnancy symptoms is a delayed or missed period. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pregnancy is important because each symptom may be related to something other than pregnancy. You may experience signs or symptoms of pregnancy within a week of conception. However, it is possible you may not experience any symptoms for a few weeks.",
"Symptoms to watch for early on include a missed period, headaches, tender breasts, nausea and lower backaches. If you have been sexually active and are experiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to take a pregnancy test. Are you experiencing morning sickness or could it be something else?",
"If you are using the Search Tool to find a free testing provider, use the drop down to choose “Pregnancy Center,” add your zip code, and then expand the radius to 30 miles and click “Search.”",
"Implantation bleeding can be one of the earliest pregnancy symptoms. About 6-12 days after conception, the embryo implants itself into the uterine wall. Some women will experience spotting as well as some cramping. Some women do not even notice this so don’t worry if you are trying to get pregnant and don’t see it – you could still be pregnant.",
"A delayed or missed period is the most common pregnancy symptom leading a woman to test for pregnancy. When you become pregnant, your next period should be missed. However, some women can bleed while they are pregnant, but typically this bleeding will be shorter or lighter than a normal period.",
"Other Explanations: Excessive weight gain/loss, fatigue, hormonal problems, tension, stress, ceasing to take the birth control pill, illness or breastfeeding.",
"Swollen or tender breasts is a pregnancy symptom which may begin as early as 1-2 weeks after conception. Women may notice changes in their breasts; they may be tender to the touch, sore, or swollen.",
"Other Explanations: Hormonal imbalance, birth control pills, impending menstruation (PMS) can also cause your breasts to be swollen or tender.",
"Feeling fatigued or more tired is a pregnancy symptom which can also start as early as the first week after conception.",
"Other Explanations: Stress, exhaustion, depression, common cold or flu, or other illnesses can also leave you feeling tired or fatigued.",
"This well known pregnancy symptom will often show up between 2-8 weeks after conception. Some women are fortunate to not deal with morning sickness at all, while others will feel nauseous throughout most of their pregnancy. If you are experiencing morning sickness at all, take a look at our articles on morning sickness to learn how to manage it better.",
"Other Explanations: Food poisoning, stress, change in hormonal birth control method or other stomach disorders can also cause you to feel queasy.",
"Lower backaches may be a symptom that occurs early in pregnancy; however, it is common to experience a dull backache throughout pregnancy.",
"Other Explanations: Dehydration, caffeine withdrawal, impending menstruation, eye strain, or other ailments can be the source of frequent or chronic headaches.",
"While you may not have a strong desire to eat pickles and ice cream, many women will feel cravings for certain foods when they are pregnant. This can last throughout your entire pregnancy. Some women develop adversions to certain types of food early in pregnancy and this too can last for the next 9 months.",
"The Association is only able to accomplish our mission with the commitment of people like you. Your tax deductible contribution provides valuable education and more importantly support to women when they need it most."
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"parsed_md": "Pregnancy Symptoms | Early Signs of Pregnancy\n\nAmerican Pregnancy Association\n\nFollow Your Pregnancy Week-By-Week Subscribe to our free week-by-week email\nnewsletter\n\nEnroll Now\n\n# Pregnancy Symptoms — Early Signs of Pregnancy\n\nHome / Getting Pregnant / Pregnancy Symptoms — Early Signs of Pregnancy\n\nPregnancy symptoms differ from woman to woman and pregnancy to pregnancy;\nhowever, one of the most significant pregnancy symptoms is a delayed or missed\nperiod. Understanding the signs and symptoms of pregnancy is important because\neach symptom may be related to something other than pregnancy. You may\nexperience signs or symptoms of pregnancy within a week of conception.\nHowever, it is possible you may not experience any symptoms for a few weeks.\n\n## What are Early Pregnancy Symptoms to Watch For?\n\nSymptoms to watch for early on include a missed period, headaches, tender\nbreasts, nausea and lower backaches. If you have been sexually active and are\nexperiencing any of these symptoms, it is important to take a pregnancy test.\nAre you experiencing morning sickness or could it be something else?\n\nHere are some quick references to some common questions or concerns:\n\n * Unplanned and need testing? Find a Pregnancy Test Center by zip code\n * Trying to get pregnant? Download the FREE Getting Pregnant eBook or check out our Fertility Shop.\n * Questions about Paternity? Call 1-800-798-0580\n * Questions about symptoms and what ifs? Call 1-800-672-2296 M-F 8am-7pm\n\nIf you are using the Search Tool to find a free testing provider, use the drop\ndown to choose “Pregnancy Center,” add your zip code, and then expand the\nradius to 30 miles and click “Search.”\n\nTrying to get pregnant? Get APA’s “Essential Guide to Getting Pregnant”\n\n## First Sign of Pregnancy: Spotting\n\nImplantation bleeding can be one of the earliest pregnancy symptoms. About\n6-12 days after conception, the embryo implants itself into the uterine wall.\nSome women will experience spotting as well as some cramping. Some women do\nnot even notice this so don’t worry if you are trying to get pregnant and\ndon’t see it – you could still be pregnant.\n\nOther Explanations: Actual menstruation, altered menstruation, changes in\nbirth control pill, infection, or abrasion from intercourse.\n\n## First Sign of Pregnancy: A Missed Period\n\nA delayed or missed period is the most common pregnancy symptom leading a\nwoman to test for pregnancy. When you become pregnant, your next period should\nbe missed. However, some women can bleed while they are pregnant, but\ntypically this bleeding will be shorter or lighter than a normal period.\n\nOther Explanations: Excessive weight gain/loss, fatigue, hormonal problems,\ntension, stress, ceasing to take the birth control pill, illness or\nbreastfeeding.\n\n## Swollen/Tender Breasts:\n\nSwollen or tender breasts is a pregnancy symptom which may begin as early as\n1-2 weeks after conception. Women may notice changes in their breasts; they\nmay be tender to the touch, sore, or swollen.\n\nOther Explanations: Hormonal imbalance, birth control pills, impending\nmenstruation (PMS) can also cause your breasts to be swollen or tender.\n\n## Fatigue/Tiredness:\n\nFeeling fatigued or more tired is a pregnancy symptom which can also start as\nearly as the first week after conception.\n\nOther Explanations: Stress, exhaustion, depression, common cold or flu, or\nother illnesses can also leave you feeling tired or fatigued.\n\n## Nausea/Morning Sickness:\n\nThis well known pregnancy symptom will often show up between 2-8 weeks after\nconception. Some women are fortunate to not deal with morning sickness at all,\nwhile others will feel nauseous throughout most of their pregnancy. If you are\nexperiencing morning sickness at all, take a look at our articles on morning\nsickness to learn how to manage it better.\n\nOther Explanations: Food poisoning, stress, change in hormonal birth control\nmethod or other stomach disorders can also cause you to feel queasy.\n\n## Backaches:\n\nLower backaches may be a symptom that occurs early in pregnancy; however, it\nis common to experience a dull backache throughout pregnancy.\n\nOther Explanations: Impending menstruation, stress, other back problems, and\nphysical or mental strains.\n\n## Headaches:\n\nThe sudden rise of hormones in your body can cause you to have headaches early\nin pregnancy.\n\nOther Explanations: Dehydration, caffeine withdrawal, impending menstruation,\neye strain, or other ailments can be the source of frequent or chronic\nheadaches.\n\n## Frequent Urination:\n\nAround 6-8 weeks after conception, you may find yourself making a few extra\ntrips to the bathroom.\n\nOther Explanations: Urinary tract infection, diabetes, increasing liquid\nintake, or taking excessive diuretics.\n\n## Darkening of Areolas:\n\nIf you are pregnant, the skin around your nipples may get darker.\n\nOther Explanations: Hormonal imbalance unrelated to pregnancy or may be a\nleftover effect from a previous pregnancy.\n\n## Food Cravings or Food Aversions:\n\nWhile you may not have a strong desire to eat pickles and ice cream, many\nwomen will feel cravings for certain foods when they are pregnant. This can\nlast throughout your entire pregnancy. Some women develop adversions to\ncertain types of food early in pregnancy and this too can last for the next 9\nmonths.\n\nOther Explanations: Poor diet, lack of a certain nutrient, stress, depression,\nillness or impending menstruation.\n\n## Your Next Steps:\n\n * Having symptoms? Call our toll-free helpline at 1-800-672-2296.\n * Questions about paternity? Call for free paternity info at 1-800-798-0580.\n * Trying to conceive? Order Fertility Products.\n\n## Recommended Reading\n\nTrying to get pregnant? Download the APA’s e-Book, The Essential Guide to\nGetting Pregnant\n\nYou may also find the following books helpful.\n\n Taking Charge of Your Fertility\n Toni Weschler\n\n The Everything Getting Pregnant Book\n Robin Elise Weiss\n\n The Complete Book of Pregnancy and Childbirth (Revised)\n Sheila Kitzinger\n\nYour purchase supports the Association\n\n### Most Related Posts\n\n * Cervical Mucus and Your Fertility\n * Taking a Pregnancy Test\n * Preconception Nutrition\n\nTags: Conceiving\n\nFind Healthcare Providers That Can Help You Through Your Pregnancy.\n\n#### Pregnancy Blog Latest Blogs\n\n * No Prenatal Section! What’s a Mama-to-be To do?\n * Pampering During Pregnancy\n * Prenatal Massage: Relaxation and Relief!\n * Having fun with your wardrode while pregnant\n * Patience is Key! (When Trying to Conceive)\n * Internet: Friend or Foe?\n * Taking Your Prenatal After Birth\n * Vitamins and Nausea\n * 5 Free Summer Activities For The Entire Family\n * 5 Ways To Sneak Fruits And Veggies Into Your Kids’ Meals\n\nThe Association is only able to accomplish our mission with the commitment of\npeople like you. Your tax deductible contribution provides valuable education\nand more importantly support to women when they need it most.\n\nLearn More About APA\n\n### Education Sponsored By\n\n#### Helpful Information\n\n * About\n * Contact\n * Corporate Sponsors\n * Videos\n\n#### Planning\n\n * Adoption\n * Birth & Beyond\n * Getting Pregnant\n * Labor and Birth\n\n#### Pregnancy\n\n * Planning and Preparing\n * Getting Pregnant\n * Pregnancy Concerns\n * Your Pregnancy\n\n#### Connect\n\nContact Us Here\n\n© 2014 American Pregnancy Association. Web Design by AXZM\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211013235451/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/getting-pregnant/in-depth/home-pregnancy-tests/art-20047940",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Home pregnancy tests: Can you trust the results?",
"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Home pregnancy tests: Can you trust the results? - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170131003006/http://www.healthcentral.com:80/sexual-health/pregnancy-260756-5.html",
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"title": "Pregnancy Symptoms",
"passages": [
"For most women, missing a period is one of the first signs of pregnancy that women notice. For others, irregular periods make it difficult to know when a period should start and when it has been missed. There are, however, a number of early signs that can signal the need for a pregnancy test or a visit to the doctor.",
"Most women begin wondering about pregnancy when they have missed their period. However, a number of women have irregular periods or do not keep track of their periods. For these women, some of the other symptoms may signal a pregnancy. Some women may experience spotting (explained below) or light bleeding, and mistakenly think they have gotten a lighter than normal period.",
"Initially, women may have a soreness or tenderness in their breasts similar to the feeling before they get their period and as days go on, the feeling increases. This can begin as early as when someone is one to two weeks pregnant. For some, this can be painful or uncomfortable, for others it may seem more like an exaggerated form of PMS.",
"Feeling very tired for the first couple months of pregnancy is common. For some women, exhaustion or fatigue can begin as early as one week pregnant. This is thought to be caused by increased levels of progesterone. Fatigue often goes away after the first trimester (but may return again late in the pregnancy).",
"Morning sickness can begin when a woman is between two and four weeks pregnant. Some women never get morning sickness or only feel slightly nauseas. Morning sickness can last through the first trimester of pregnancy and then normally goes away. Although called “morning sickness” this nauseousness is not limited to just mornings and can occur throughout the day or night. In addition to nauseousness, some woman may develop an aversion to certain smells or feel sick around strong smells. This may be caused by the increase in estrogen causing the stomach to empty more slowly.",
"At about six weeks into a pregnancy, the frequency of urination usually increases. During pregnancy, a woman has a build up of fluids in her body. This increase in fluids causes extra fluids to be processed by the kidneys and go into the bladder. In addition to extra fluids, a growing uterus can put pressure on your bladder, making you continuously feel as if you need to urinate, however, this cause occurs later in the pregnancy.",
"Some women experience bloating and fluid retention, similar to how they feel shortly before getting their period. This is normal and can begin quite early in pregnancy. Abdominal bloating can make clothing feel tight, but is not caused by weight gain or by the uterus growing. Weight gain in the early stages of pregnancy is typically around 1 pound per month.",
"Some women experience spotting within the first one to two weeks of pregnancy. This occurs when the embryo implants itself onto the wall of the uterus. This is sometimes called Implantation Bleeding. Some women may also experience cramping and feel as if they are ready to get their period.",
"If you are experiencing some of the early symptoms of pregnancy, it may be time to take a home pregnancy test or call to set up an appointment with your doctor.",
"By using this service, you accept our Terms of Use. Please read them. The consumer health information on is for informational purposes only and is not a substitute for medical advice or treatment for any medical conditions. You should promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about your health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a fitness regimen. Copyright © 2017 Remedy Health Media, LLC. All Rights Reserved."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pregnancy Symptoms\n\nproduction\n\nSign In\n\nShare on youTube Newsletters Share on Twitter Share on Facebook follow us\n\n * Conditions A-Z\n\nRelated To...\n\n * Sexual Health\n * Depression\n * Diet & Exercise\n * Erectile Dysfunction\n * Genital Herpes\n * Incontinence\n\nOther Conditions\n\n * Acid Reflux\n * ADHD\n * Allergy\n * Alzheimer's\n * Anxiety\n * Asthma\n * Autism\n * Bipolar\n * Breast Cancer\n * Cholesterol\n * Chronic Pain\n * Colon Cancer\n * COPD\n * Diabetes\n * Digestive Health\n * Heart Disease\n * Hepatitis C\n * High Blood Pressure\n * Lung Cancer\n * Menopause\n * Migraine\n * More Conditions\n * Multiple Sclerosis\n * Obesity\n * Osteoarthritis\n * Osteoporosis\n * Prostate\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis\n * Schizophrenia\n * Skin Cancer\n * Sleep Disorders\n * Vision Care\n\nHealthy Living\n\n * Cold & Flu\n * Food & Nutrition\n * Skin Care\n * Wellness\n\n * Our Community\n\n * Meet Our Experts\n * See All SharePosts\n * See All Questions\n * Join Our Community\n * Ask A Question\n * Share Your Story\n\n * Health Tools\n\n * Newsletters\n * Healthy Recipes\n * Calculate Your BMI\n * Your Ideal Body Weight\n * Stress Test\n * Sleep Assessment\n * Home Body Fat Test\n * Recommended Daily Calories\n * Check Your Cholesterol\n\n * Sexual Health\n\n * * A\n\n * A\n\n * A\n\n# Pregnancy Symptoms\n\n## By Eileen Bailey\n\nFor most women, missing a period is one of the first signs of pregnancy that\nwomen notice. For others, irregular periods make it difficult to know when a\nperiod should start and when it has been missed. There are, however, a number\nof early signs that can signal the need for a pregnancy test or a visit to the\ndoctor.\n\n# Missed period\n\nMost women begin wondering about pregnancy when they have missed their period.\nHowever, a number of women have irregular periods or do not keep track of\ntheir periods. For these women, some of the other symptoms may signal a\npregnancy. Some women may experience spotting (explained below) or light\nbleeding, and mistakenly think they have gotten a lighter than normal period.\n\n# Sore, swollen or tender breasts\n\nInitially, women may have a soreness or tenderness in their breasts similar to\nthe feeling before they get their period and as days go on, the feeling\nincreases. This can begin as early as when someone is one to two weeks\npregnant. For some, this can be painful or uncomfortable, for others it may\nseem more like an exaggerated form of PMS.\n\n# Fatigue\n\nFeeling very tired for the first couple months of pregnancy is common. For\nsome women, exhaustion or fatigue can begin as early as one week pregnant.\nThis is thought to be caused by increased levels of progesterone. Fatigue\noften goes away after the first trimester (but may return again late in the\npregnancy).\n\n# Nausea or vomiting\n\nMorning sickness can begin when a woman is between two and four weeks\npregnant. Some women never get morning sickness or only feel slightly nauseas.\nMorning sickness can last through the first trimester of pregnancy and then\nnormally goes away. Although called “morning sickness” this nauseousness is\nnot limited to just mornings and can occur throughout the day or night. In\naddition to nauseousness, some woman may develop an aversion to certain smells\nor feel sick around strong smells. This may be caused by the increase in\nestrogen causing the stomach to empty more slowly.\n\n# Frequent urination\n\nAt about six weeks into a pregnancy, the frequency of urination usually\nincreases. During pregnancy, a woman has a build up of fluids in her body.\nThis increase in fluids causes extra fluids to be processed by the kidneys and\ngo into the bladder. In addition to extra fluids, a growing uterus can put\npressure on your bladder, making you continuously feel as if you need to\nurinate, however, this cause occurs later in the pregnancy.\n\n# Abdominal bloating\n\nSome women experience bloating and fluid retention, similar to how they feel\nshortly before getting their period. This is normal and can begin quite early\nin pregnancy. Abdominal bloating can make clothing feel tight, but is not\ncaused by weight gain or by the uterus growing. Weight gain in the early\nstages of pregnancy is typically around 1 pound per month.\n\n# Spotting\n\nSome women experience spotting within the first one to two weeks of pregnancy.\nThis occurs when the embryo implants itself onto the wall of the uterus. This\nis sometimes called Implantation Bleeding. Some women may also experience\ncramping and feel as if they are ready to get their period.\n\n# Headaches or Backaches\n\nIncreased hormones can sometimes cause headaches. Backaches are also common in\nthe early part of pregnancy.\n\nIf you are experiencing some of the early symptoms of pregnancy, it may be\ntime to take a home pregnancy test or call to set up an appointment with your\ndoctor.\n\nReferences:\n\n“Early Signs of Pregnancy”, 2005, American Pregnancy Association\n\n‘Pregnancy Symptoms: Top Ten Signs You Might Be Pregnant”, 2006, Baby\nCenter.com\n\n“Pregnancy Symptoms”, 2008, Melissa Conrad Stoppler, M.D. Medicinenet.com\n\nMost Viewed\n\n * Multiple Orgasms\n * Pregnancy Prevention Center\n * Sex Tips & Advice\n * All Questions\n * Vagina Lumps & Bumps: What are they?\n\nRelated Sexual Health Topics\n\n * Cure For Itching Flaking Testicles\n * I Have A Sore In My Vagina - What's Wrong With Me?\n * Stomach Pains Before Period\n * How Early Can Your Pms Symptoms Start?\n * What Would Cause Your Lower Abdominal Pain After Sex?\n * Can The Receiver Of Oral Sex Catch A Std?\n\n#### Ask a Question\n\nGet answers from our experts and community members.\n\nView all questions (6375) >\n\nNote: All clinical content on this site is physician-reviewed, except material\ngenerated by our community members.\n\nFeaturing Content From:\n\n * We comply with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.\n\n * About Us |\n * Contact Us |\n * Privacy Policy |\n * Terms of Use |\n * Security Policy |\n * Advertising Policy |\n * Advertise With Us\n\nBy using this service, you accept our Terms of Use. Please read them. The\nconsumer health information on is for informational purposes only and is not a\nsubstitute for medical advice or treatment for any medical conditions. You\nshould promptly seek professional medical care if you have any concern about\nyour health, and you should always consult your physician before starting a\nfitness regimen. Copyright © 2017 Remedy Health Media, LLC. All Rights\nReserved.\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160831105802/http://womenshealth.gov:80/publications/our-publications/fact-sheet/pregnancy-tests.html",
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"If you came from a website outside womenshealth.gov, let that website know their link is broken. Sorry, we can't fix broken links outside our website.",
"A federal government website managed by the Office on Women’s Health in the Office of the Assistant Secretary for Health at the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services",
"200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20201 800-994-9662 • Monday through Friday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. EST (closed on federal holidays)."
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"parsed_md": "Error 404 Page not found | womenshealth.gov\n\nA project of the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services Office on\nWomen's Health\n\nSkip Navigation\n\nSkip top navigation\n\n * Home\n * A-Z Health Topics\n * ePublications\n * News\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n\n * Text size\n * |Print|\n\nSkip left navigation\n\nSkip left navigation\n\n# Error 404 Page not found\n\n## It looks like you tried to access a page that no longer exists or has an\nerror. Try these tips to find what you're looking for:\n\n * If you came to this page from a link on womenshealth.gov, let us know, and we'll fix the link.\n\n * Use the search box at the top of this page to locate the page you're looking for.\n * If you were using a bookmark, reset it once you find the correct page.\n * If you came from a website outside womenshealth.gov, let that website know their link is broken. Sorry, we can't fix broken links outside our website.\n\nContent last updated: February 16, 2012.\n\nPrint\n\nReturn to top\n\n * Accessibility |\n * Privacy policy |\n * Disclaimers |\n * FOIA |\n * Link to us |\n * USA.gov |\n * Viewers and players\n\nA federal government website managed by the Office on Women’s Health in the\nOffice of the Assistant Secretary for Health at the U.S. Department of Health\nand Human Services\n\n200 Independence Avenue, S.W. Washington, DC 20201 800-994-9662 • Monday\nthrough Friday, 9 a.m. to 6 p.m. EST (closed on federal holidays).\n\n"
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309,802 | How To Make Buttered Noodles | To make buttered noodles, start by bringing a pot of water to a boil. Then, add dried noodles to the pot, and cook them for 6-8 minutes. Next, drain the noodles in a colander, and transfer them to a serving dish. Finally, mix butter, salt, and pepper into the noodles until all of the butter has melted. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816195005/http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210119171008/https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210125182203/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127051005/http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124063702/https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210122190047/https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210211205230/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210124085614/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/"
] | train | 2,565 | [
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"original_url": "http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180816195005/http://www.cozi.com:80/recipes/lemon-butter-chicken-noodles/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles",
"passages": [
"Get this recipe on your mobile device! Cozi, the must-have calendar and organizing app for families, has this recipe, plus many more easy weeknight dinner ideas. Find Cozi in the app store, or sign up on the web. It’s free!",
"Heat a large saute pan over medium-high heat and add 2-3 tablespoons butter. When butter is melted, add the chicken strips and cook, stirring frequently, until cooked through, 3-5 minutes.",
"Remove the chicken to a dish. Add onion to the pan and cook until soft, about 1 to 2 minutes.",
"Add chicken broth to pan and bring to a boil. Add lemon juice and boil until mixture is reduced to about 1/3 cup (4 to 5 minutes).",
"Return chicken to pan and heat through. Serve with egg noodles and a side of leafy greens or steamed veggies.",
"The #1 organizing app for families. FREE app and website to manage the family calendar, lists, and to dos - all in one place.",
"Showing you the tool that has made our life better because I love you. If you are looking for a way to organize the family calendar and grocery list and to-do lists, you will thank me today. If you have that under control, you can ignore me today. This is not a sponsored post. I’m just sharing because I love you. Cozi has made my life my organized. For real! Any other loyal Cozi users out there wanna back me up? #familycalendar #cozi #grocerylist #todolist #momlife #organization #recommended #sharingiscaring",
"Cozi is part of the Parents Network. ©2006-2018 Cozi Inc. All rights reserved. FAMILY LIFE. SIMPLIFIED. is a registered trademark of Cozi Inc."
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"parsed_md": "Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles | Cozi Family Organizer\n\n * Log in to Cozi\n * Sign up for Cozi\n\nSelect Page\n\n# Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles\n\nMar 14, 2016 | Recipes\n\n##### This extremely simple but delicious lemon butter chicken is perfect for\nnights when you want an easy chicken dish, but haven’t planned ahead with a\nmarinade.\n\nGet this recipe on your mobile device! Cozi, the must-have calendar and\norganizing app for families, has this recipe, plus many more easy weeknight\ndinner ideas. Find Cozi in the app store, or sign up on the web. It’s free!\n\n### Lemon Butter Chicken with Noodles\n\nPrep Time:\n\n20 minutes | Yield: 4-6 servings\n\n###### Ingredients\n\n * 4 chicken breast halves, skinned and boned\n * 1/3 cup flour\n * 4-6 tablespoons butter, divided\n * 2 tablespoons finely chopped onion\n * 1 cup chicken broth\n * 3 tablespoons fresh lemon juice\n * 1 package egg noodles\n\n###### Instructions\n\n 1. Slice chicken crosswise into narrow strips. Coat strips lightly with flour.\n 2. Heat a large saute pan over medium-high heat and add 2-3 tablespoons butter. When butter is melted, add the chicken strips and cook, stirring frequently, until cooked through, 3-5 minutes.\n 3. Meanwhile, cook egg noodles according to package directions, drain and lightly butter.\n 4. Remove the chicken to a dish. Add onion to the pan and cook until soft, about 1 to 2 minutes.\n 5. Add chicken broth to pan and bring to a boil. Add lemon juice and boil until mixture is reduced to about 1/3 cup (4 to 5 minutes).\n 6. Remove from heat and add remaining 2-3 tablespoons butter.\n 7. Return chicken to pan and heat through. Serve with egg noodles and a side of leafy greens or steamed veggies.\n\nQuestions or comments? Contact us or join the conversation on Facebook.\n\n#### Our Products\n\nCozi Family Organizer\n\nThe #1 organizing app for families. FREE app and website to manage the family\ncalendar, lists, and to dos - all in one place. \n--- \n \nCozi Gold\n\nGet everything in free Cozi, plus an ad-free experience and premium features.\n\"Worth every penny.\" --Charlene M. \n--- \n \n#### What our fans are saying about Cozi\n\n> Showing you the tool that has made our life better because I love you. If\n> you are looking for a way to organize the family calendar and grocery list\n> and to-do lists, you will thank me today. If you have that under control,\n> you can ignore me today. This is not a sponsored post. I’m just sharing\n> because I love you. Cozi has made my life my organized. For real! Any other\n> loyal Cozi users out there wanna back me up? #familycalendar #cozi\n> #grocerylist #todolist #momlife #organization #recommended #sharingiscaring\n>\n> A post shared by Dawn (@comeoverforcoffee) on Apr 6, 2018 at 5:28am PDT\n\nFollow us @CoziFamily\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * Pinterest\n\n * Instagram\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * School is Starting! Here’s How Parents are Preparing for the Transition\n * Back to School To Do List for a Smooth (and Fun) Start to the School Year\n * Add The 2018 World Cup Schedule to Your Cozi Calendar\n * New in Cozi: Dinner Picks from Rachel Hollis\n * Spring Sports are Coming! Here’s How to View the Schedules in Cozi\n\n#### Most Loved Posts\n\nFamily Camping Checklist\n\nSchool Supply Starter Lists\n\nTop 25 Family Dinner Recipes\n\n#### Features\n\n * Feature Overview\n * Calendar\n * Shopping Lists\n * To Do Lists\n * Recipes & Meal Planner\n * Family Journal\n * Cozi Gold\n * Club Cozi\n * Best Product Picks\n\n#### Support & Resources\n\n * Support\n * FAQ\n * Getting Started\n * Contact Us\n * Cozi List Library\n * Using Cozi with Other Calendars\n * Small Victory Fridays\n\n#### News\n\n * Blog\n * Press Coverage\n * Awards\n * Why Families Love Cozi\n\n#### About Us\n\n * About Us\n * Meet the Team\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Advertise with Cozi\n * Become an Affiliate\n * Cooking Light DIET\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * EU Data Subject Requests\n * Personalized Ads\n * Access your Account\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n\nCozi is part of the Parents Network. ©2006-2018 Cozi Inc. All rights reserved.\nFAMILY LIFE. SIMPLIFIED. is a registered trademark of Cozi Inc.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210119171008/https://spicysouthernkitchen.com/buttered-noodles/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Spicy Southern Kitchen",
"passages": [
"These Buttered Noodles are positively addicting. Cooked in chicken broth and butter with a bouillon cube and garlic powder, they soak up so much delicious, salty flavor.",
"The key to really getting flavorful noodles is to not use any water and to cook them in as little liquid as possible. So little liquid that it’s not even necessary to drain them.",
"In order to get them to cook evenly, you need to cook them in a large nonstick pan and stir frequently because they won’t be completely submerged in liquid.",
"These Buttered Noodles are on the salty side which is one of the things I find so appealing about them.",
"Buttered Noodles make a super inexpensive side dish that is so delicious everyone will want to eat it as a main dish.",
"They have plenty of flavor as is, but if you want to, sprinkle them with a little chopped parsley and grated Parmesan cheese.",
"Combine broth, water, bouillon cube, and half the stick of butter in a large nonstick skillet. Bring to a boil.",
"Add noodles and cook, stirring frequently for about 8 minutes. (Note: Turn the heat down so the liquid does not boil vigorously and evaporate too quickly. Add more water if necessary.",
"Add garlic powder and remaining butter and stir well. Remove from heat and season with pepper and sprinkle with parsley.",
"The finished noodles will be fairly salty. If you want them less salty, use reduced sodium broth or a reduced sodium bouillon cube.",
"I’ve just made this. I only cooked my noodles less than 7 minutes, and they’re mush! My husband won’t eat this crap, and my 5 year old probably won’t either. I’m going to eat it only because I hate wasting food.",
"My daughters and I are obsessed with this. I add some deli meat and frozen vegetables and call it a meal. It’s not healthy...but it’s delicious.",
"I made these tonight using salt -free butter, salt-free chicken bouillon, and low sodium chicken broth. I also added some finely diced onion. I added the butter after the noodles were cooked. It seemed to make the sauce creamier. Final additions were black pepper and Brendachopped chives, since I don’t care for parsley. This is a keeper!",
"I’ve taken the lazy way out for years by making the convenient package buttered noodles. I saw this recipe and decided to give it a try. It was simple and delicious! I used Better Than Bullion because I didn’t have any bullion cubes. Needless to say, it was a HUGE hit with the family. No more package noodles in this household!",
"These were very well done! I used gluten free egg noodles, chicken broth and the stick of butter. Instead of parsley, I used Italian seasoning, and then combined the noodles with frozen, lightly sauces vegetables. The result was amazing! So creamy and satisfying. Thanks again!",
"What an easy and delicious recipe. I only used half of one chicken bouillon because I don’t like things salty and it turned out perfect for my taste. I cannot believe the final consistency of this dish, so creamy and smooth. I actually thought it was going to turn out more soupy than it did. Definitely will be adding this to my side dish rotation! Thanks for sharing!",
"We had this as a side with a Italian pork chop dish and it was perfect. We sprinkled a bit of dried parsley for colour. I think we finally found our go to Butter noodle recipe",
"These were fabulous. I mostly followed the recipe EXCEPT that I was stupid and made these in a pot rather than a skillet. The only other change was that I didn’t have bouillion, but I did have instant chicken consomme, and I used a little over a teaspoon of that instead. Hubby thought they could have been more “chickeny,” and I reminded him they were buttered noodles, not chicken noodles. Will add this recipe to my arsenal. Thank you!",
"I added some canned chicken to this recipe and an extra bouillon pack (I have sodium free packs) and it was delicious! Definitely will be making this again!",
"This was so delicious and easy. My husband is so picky he really enjoyed these buttery noodles he beat me to the leftovers the next day.thank you.",
"Is anybody out there listening? My daughter wants me to make this for dinner and I only have elbow macaroni or Rotini.",
"I just made these noodles for dinner and I have been picking at them. This is the first time I have mande noodles like this and they came out delish. I am really pleased with the dish and if theres any left before dinner I am sure the gang will love them tooo.",
"Made these as a side dish with Barbecued Pork. Sorry to say, but these were bland and tasteless. None of my family liked the noodles and we are pasta lovers. Maybe some additional ingredients may be required to give it a big lift, but these were not for us. Thanks for the recipe anyway as I love to try new things.",
"Aww...really? I was gonna make them with my tilapia for dinner tomorrow. I figured they would be full of flavor because of all the ingredients it calls for. Looks like I will stick to white rice..",
"Maybe the BBQ sauce over powered the flavors of the noodles. I am definitely giving this a try tonight with baked chicken.",
"Needed to add extra salt and seasoning otherwise it was very bland. It did have a subtle “chicken-y ” taste , but the flavoring was not savory enough to satiate our tastebuds. I could not eat this pasta alone, Ben, without actual savory chicken bits.",
"Pasta with a fair amount of salt is music to my ears! I love the simplicity and versatility of this pasta, Christine.",
"This is so handy as a side for so many things...and great tips on how to do it right. Sounds incredibly flavorful!",
"I love the looks of these noodles, Christin! My brother always loved buttered noodles growing up, so this is reminding me of my childhood. Sounds like a simple and delicious dish!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Buttered Noodles - Spicy Southern Kitchen\n\nSkip to content\n\n# Buttered Noodles\n\nPosted on February 15, 2016May 14, 2020 by Christin Mahrlig\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n7293shares\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Pin\n\nThese Buttered Noodles are positively addicting. Cooked in chicken broth and\nbutter with a bouillon cube and garlic powder, they soak up so much delicious,\nsalty flavor.\n\nThe key to really getting flavorful noodles is to not use any water and to\ncook them in as little liquid as possible. So little liquid that it’s not even\nnecessary to drain them.\n\nIn order to get them to cook evenly, you need to cook them in a large nonstick\npan and stir frequently because they won’t be completely submerged in liquid.\n\nThese Buttered Noodles are on the salty side which is one of the things I find\nso appealing about them.\n\nIf you’re worried they will be too salty, use either low-sodium broth or a\nlow-sodium bouillon cube.\n\nButtered Noodles make a super inexpensive side dish that is so delicious\neveryone will want to eat it as a main dish.\n\nThey have plenty of flavor as is, but if you want to, sprinkle them with a\nlittle chopped parsley and grated Parmesan cheese.\n\n### Never miss a recipe. Follow Spicy Southern Kitchen on Pinterest and\nFacebook.\n\n## Buttered Noodles\n\nCourse: Side Dish\n\nPrep Time: 5 minutes\n\nCook Time: 8 minutes\n\nTotal Time: 13 minutes\n\nServings: 6 servings\n\nCalories: 353kcal\n\nAuthor: Christin Mahrlig\n\nButtered Noodles soak up lots of delicious salty flavor from cooking in\nchicken broth and chicken bouillon.\n\nPrint Recipe\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 (14.5-ounce) can chicken broth\n * 1 cup water\n * 1 chicken or beef bouillon cube\n * 1 stick butter, divided\n * 1 (12-ounce) package wide egg noodles\n * 1/4 teaspoon garlic powder\n * freshly ground black pepper\n * chopped parsley\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Combine broth, water, bouillon cube, and half the stick of butter in a large nonstick skillet. Bring to a boil.\n\n * Add noodles and cook, stirring frequently for about 8 minutes. (Note: Turn the heat down so the liquid does not boil vigorously and evaporate too quickly. Add more water if necessary.\n\n * Add garlic powder and remaining butter and stir well. Remove from heat and season with pepper and sprinkle with parsley.\n\n### Notes\n\nThe finished noodles will be fairly salty. If you want them less salty, use\nreduced sodium broth or a reduced sodium bouillon cube.\n\n### Nutrition\n\nCalories: 353kcal\n\n## Buttered Noodles go great with:\n\nHoney Bourbon Steak Tips\n\n## More Noodle Recipes\n\nCabbage and Noodles\n\nCrock Pot Beef and Noodles\n\nDisclosure: This post contains affiliate links.\n\nThis entry was posted in Side Dishes and tagged pasta. Bookmark the permalink.\n\n## 33 thoughts on “Buttered Noodles”\n\n 1. Chelle says:\n\nAugust 27, 2020 at 5:51 pm\n\nI’ve just made this. I only cooked my noodles less than 7 minutes, and they’re\nmush! My husband won’t eat this crap, and my 5 year old probably won’t either.\nI’m going to eat it only because I hate wasting food.\n\nReply\n\n 2. megs283 says:\n\nOctober 8, 2019 at 11:59 am\n\nMy daughters and I are obsessed with this. I add some deli meat and frozen\nvegetables and call it a meal. It’s not healthy...but it’s delicious.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Brenda L Middleton says:\n\nOctober 5, 2019 at 9:54 pm\n\nI made these tonight using salt -free butter, salt-free chicken bouillon, and\nlow sodium chicken broth. I also added some finely diced onion. I added the\nbutter after the noodles were cooked. It seemed to make the sauce creamier.\nFinal additions were black pepper and Brendachopped chives, since I don’t care\nfor parsley. This is a keeper!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Susan S. says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2019 at 5:43 pm\n\nI’ve taken the lazy way out for years by making the convenient package\nbuttered noodles. I saw this recipe and decided to give it a try. It was\nsimple and delicious! I used Better Than Bullion because I didn’t have any\nbullion cubes. Needless to say, it was a HUGE hit with the family. No more\npackage noodles in this household!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Wanda says:\n\nAugust 17, 2019 at 1:19 pm\n\nMade these with beef stroganoff yummo!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Linda says:\n\nJuly 30, 2019 at 6:56 pm\n\nDo I cook this w the lid off?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Elizabeth says:\n\nApril 17, 2020 at 4:10 pm\n\nI did and they were just dandy!\n\nReply\n\n 7. My says:\n\nJune 30, 2019 at 12:02 pm\n\nCan this be made ahead and reheated?\n\nReply\n\n 8. Jenn says:\n\nApril 26, 2019 at 8:03 pm\n\nI added Tony Chachere’s and omg, the kids loved it! I’m a happy momma 😊\n\nReply\n\n 9. Mouse says:\n\nApril 18, 2019 at 1:04 pm\n\nThese were very well done! I used gluten free egg noodles, chicken broth and\nthe stick of butter. Instead of parsley, I used Italian seasoning, and then\ncombined the noodles with frozen, lightly sauces vegetables. The result was\namazing! So creamy and satisfying. Thanks again!\n\nReply\n\n 10. gemccowin says:\n\nNovember 16, 2018 at 11:17 am\n\nWhat an easy and delicious recipe. I only used half of one chicken bouillon\nbecause I don’t like things salty and it turned out perfect for my taste. I\ncannot believe the final consistency of this dish, so creamy and smooth. I\nactually thought it was going to turn out more soupy than it did. Definitely\nwill be adding this to my side dish rotation! Thanks for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Mark says:\n\nOctober 29, 2018 at 12:05 pm\n\nWe had this as a side with a Italian pork chop dish and it was perfect. We\nsprinkled a bit of dried parsley for colour. I think we finally found our go\nto Butter noodle recipe\n\nThanks for posting\n\nReply\n\n 12. Kristen T Coppla says:\n\nSeptember 11, 2018 at 8:03 pm\n\nCan you use other pasta?\n\nReply\n\n 13. veb says:\n\nSeptember 9, 2018 at 12:02 am\n\nThese were fabulous. I mostly followed the recipe EXCEPT that I was stupid and\nmade these in a pot rather than a skillet. The only other change was that I\ndidn’t have bouillion, but I did have instant chicken consomme, and I used a\nlittle over a teaspoon of that instead. Hubby thought they could have been\nmore “chickeny,” and I reminded him they were buttered noodles, not chicken\nnoodles. Will add this recipe to my arsenal. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Autumn says:\n\nMarch 8, 2018 at 4:22 am\n\nI added some canned chicken to this recipe and an extra bouillon pack (I have\nsodium free packs) and it was delicious! Definitely will be making this again!\n\nReply\n\n 15. Dora Clay says:\n\nFebruary 26, 2018 at 3:23 pm\n\nThis was so delicious and easy. My husband is so picky he really enjoyed these\nbuttery noodles he beat me to the leftovers the next day.thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 16. Phathead phred says:\n\nFebruary 24, 2018 at 1:20 pm\n\nJust made this...it was AWESOME!. Simple, quick, and tasty. Thank you for\nposting.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Jayme says:\n\nJanuary 9, 2018 at 12:46 am\n\nWhen you say stick do you mean 1/2 or 1 cup?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Christin Mahrlig says:\n\nJanuary 9, 2018 at 10:39 am\n\n1/2 cup of butter\n\nReply\n\n 18. Margie Nagel says:\n\nJune 29, 2017 at 8:13 pm\n\nIs anybody out there listening? My daughter wants me to make this for dinner\nand I only have elbow macaroni or Rotini.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Erica says:\n\nNovember 5, 2017 at 4:53 pm\n\nI used rotini before for thanks it worked just fine\n\nReply\n\n 2. Brooke Brisson says:\n\nMay 3, 2019 at 5:29 pm\n\nI used actual spaghetti noodles\n\nReply\n\n 19. Annie S. says:\n\nJune 2, 2017 at 4:20 pm\n\nI just made these noodles for dinner and I have been picking at them. This is\nthe first time I have mande noodles like this and they came out delish. I am\nreally pleased with the dish and if theres any left before dinner I am sure\nthe gang will love them tooo.\n\nReply\n\n 20. Olivia C Cash says:\n\nMarch 26, 2017 at 3:22 pm\n\nJust made this recipe and fresh parsley, it was delicious!! Thanks for\nsharing, it was easy and quick!\n\nReply\n\n 21. Brenda says:\n\nOctober 27, 2016 at 9:28 am\n\nMade these as a side dish with Barbecued Pork. Sorry to say, but these were\nbland and tasteless. None of my family liked the noodles and we are pasta\nlovers. Maybe some additional ingredients may be required to give it a big\nlift, but these were not for us. Thanks for the recipe anyway as I love to try\nnew things.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Christina says:\n\nJanuary 22, 2017 at 9:09 pm\n\nAww...really? I was gonna make them with my tilapia for dinner tomorrow. I\nfigured they would be full of flavor because of all the ingredients it calls\nfor. Looks like I will stick to white rice..\n\nReply\n\n 2. Ben says:\n\nJune 10, 2018 at 6:57 am\n\nYou should of just kept that to your self. Who cares what you think.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Melissa says:\n\nJuly 9, 2018 at 1:26 pm\n\nMaybe the BBQ sauce over powered the flavors of the noodles. I am definitely\ngiving this a try tonight with baked chicken.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Rob says:\n\nAugust 9, 2018 at 1:13 am\n\nNeeded to add extra salt and seasoning otherwise it was very bland. It did\nhave a subtle “chicken-y ” taste , but the flavoring was not savory enough to\nsatiate our tastebuds. I could not eat this pasta alone, Ben, without actual\nsavory chicken bits.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Mary Frances says:\n\nFebruary 17, 2016 at 2:59 pm\n\nYummy!! The food looks so appetizing. Absolutely love it 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 23. Thao @ In Good Flavor says:\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 9:52 pm\n\nPasta with a fair amount of salt is music to my ears! I love the simplicity\nand versatility of this pasta, Christine.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Monica says:\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 8:55 pm\n\nThis is so handy as a side for so many things...and great tips on how to do it\nright. Sounds incredibly flavorful!\n\nReply\n\n 25. Gayle @ Pumpkin 'N Spice says:\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 7:04 am\n\nI love the looks of these noodles, Christin! My brother always loved buttered\nnoodles growing up, so this is reminding me of my childhood. Sounds like a\nsimple and delicious dish!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n# About the Author\n\nMy name is Christin and trying new foods and experimenting in the kitchen are\nmy greatest passions.\n\n# Recent Posts\n\n * Paprika Potatoes Recipe\n * Easy Blueberry Pie Coffee Cake\n * Hamburger Steaks with Mushroom Gravy\n * Bananas Foster Cake Recipe\n * Mardi Gras Pasta\n\n© 2013-2021 Spicy Southern Kitchen | All rights reserved | Privacy Policy\n\nMENU\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Recipe Index\n\n * Recipes by Category\n * Recipes by Ingredient\n * Travel\n * Resources\n * Contact\n * Search\n\n7293shares\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210125182203/https://www.simplyrecipes.com/recipes/easy_buttered_noodles/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe",
"passages": [
"Who doesn’t love buttered noodles? The only problem I have with them is that I can easily eat them all if they’re set before me.",
"Noodles, butter, Parm, and parsley. That’s it, with a little salt and pepper. Serve them with chicken, pork chops, or steak. Make extra!",
"1 Cook the noodles: Heat 2 quarts of water with 1 Tbsp kosher salt in a large pot on high heat until boiling. Add the egg noodles. Cook for 5 minutes. Reserve 1/4 cup of the pasta cooking liquid and drain the noodles.",
"2 Add butter, cheese, parsley: Place the drained hot noodles in a large bowl. Add the butter and Parmesan and stir until the butter has melted. Stir in a tablespoon or two of the pasta cooking water. Stir in the chopped parsley. Add salt and freshly ground black pepper to taste.",
"Hello! All photos and content are copyright protected. Please do not use our photos without prior written permission. Thank you!",
"This post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via these links can benefit Simply Recipes. Read more about our affiliate linking policy.",
"Elise Bauer is the founder of Simply Recipes. Elise launched Simply Recipes in 2003 as a way to keep track of her family's recipes, and along the way grew it into one of the most popular cooking websites in the world. Elise is dedicated to helping home cooks be successful in the kitchen. Elise is a graduate of Stanford University, and lives in Sacramento, California.",
"post_id| post_title| score| ingredient_score| course_score| recipe-type_score| season_score| cuisine_score| special_diet_score| ingredient_terms| course_terms| recipe-type_terms| season_terms| cuisine_terms| special_diet_terms ---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- 36935| Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet| 15.50| 14.00| 0.00| 1.50| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food,Kid-friendly 2005| Beef Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food 1866| Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget 168442| Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food 81447| Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget 13195| Turkey Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food",
"Your comment may need to be approved before it will appear on the site. Thanks for waiting. First time commenting? Please review the Comment Policy.",
"* Sara Bir\nHi Chelsi, the recipe calls for half a pound of noodles, which is 8 ounces. So with a 12-ounce bag, you’ll need to increase the other ingredients up 1.5 times. Does that make sense? If you don’t want to do the math, just use a little extra of everything :)",
"Followed the recipe, and it’s good, but my noodles are soggy. I even timed them so they wouldn’t over cook. Any tips of tricks?",
"Sorry to hear about the soggy noodles. My tip is to just check the doneness of any pasta/noodles as they cook. Set your timer early and keep tasting noodles as the boil. (As long as you don’t burn your tongue!) Drain them when they are just a tad toothy, as they will continue to absorb liquid afterwards.",
"Made this as a side for slow cooker pot roast, which came out really yummy. Followed the recipe exactly with the addition of garlic powder & changing the cheese from Parm. to Romano. This is a keeper in my recipe file. Thank you for an awesome recipe.",
"These were great and easy. I added a dab of cayenne pepper to mine just for a little kick. Thanks for sharing a great recipe.",
"Just to let you know – I made these tonight ( adding 1 tbsp or so of chopped shallot ) and my husband said that he didn’t know what I had done but the noodles were perfect. Thank you for the recipe.",
"I would make them from time to time, but lately my family has been requesting them more often. Fast and simple for a weeknight, what’s not to love!",
"I love buttered noodles, but it will taste better if you take a cast iron frying pan and melt the butter in it, then take and pour in some itialan style bread crumbs and brown them, then add the noodles and toss together",
"We love buttered noodles. I usually fry some bacon, press it on paper towels, chop it finely, add quite a bit more Parmesan cheese. Toss all together. It is still my kids favorite meal... and they are in their thirties.",
"My grandmother would make something like this but she’d cut plain sandwich bread into little pieces and fry that in the butter until crispy before tossing it into the noodles. That little extra dimension made it twice as good!",
"We love buttered noodle also and sometimes I will add minced garlic in the jar to it. Family loves it this way also. I have also added Italian seasoning along with butter and garlic..I never use anything but real butter in my cooking.",
"I confess. I’ve never made buttered noodles before! Not even sure I’ve ever eaten them before... Nonetheless, was won over by both your comments and the pictures, so I’m going to try it next week for Rosh Ha’Shana. One question, though – if there are any leftovers, will they keep in the fridge till the next day? Wish me luck!",
"* · Reply\n\n* Elise Bauer\nHi Arlene, they’ll keep for several days in the fridge. I just reheat them in the microwave.",
"We’re here to help you put dinner (and breakfast and lunch) on the table with less stress and more joy. Pull up a chair!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe | SimplyRecipes.com\n\nHave these ingredients delivered or schedule pickup SAME DAY!\n\nDid you know you can save this recipe and order the ingredients for same day\ndelivery or pickup?\n\nAdded to Shopping List!Add to Shopping List\n\nShop Home About Recipe Index\n\n * Simply Recipes on Facebook\n * Simply Recipes on Pinterest\n * Simply Recipes on Twitter\n * Simply Recipes on Instagram\n\nSimply Recipes Food and Cooking Blog\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nSaved List\n\nSaved Shopping List\n\nBrowse Recipes:\n\nFeatured\n\n * Healthy Eating\n * Best Soups and Stews\n * Vegetarian Dinner Recipes\n * Weekly Meal Plans\n * Cooking for Two\n * Eat Your Food! 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The only problem I have with them is that I\ncan easily eat them all if they’re set before me.\n\nNoodles, butter, Parm, and parsley. That’s it, with a little salt and pepper.\nServe them with chicken, pork chops, or steak. Make extra!\n\n### Our Favorite Videos\n\nFollow me on Pinterest\n\nSave It Saved Print\n\n## Easy Buttered Noodles Recipe\n\n * Prep time: 10 minutes\n * Cook time: 8 minutes\n * Yield: Serves 4\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1/2 pound egg noodles\n * 2 Tbsp butter\n * 2 Tbsp grated Parmesan cheese\n * 1 Tbsp chopped fresh parsley\n * Salt and pepper to taste\n\n### Method\n\n1 Cook the noodles: Heat 2 quarts of water with 1 Tbsp kosher salt in a large\npot on high heat until boiling. Add the egg noodles. Cook for 5 minutes.\nReserve 1/4 cup of the pasta cooking liquid and drain the noodles.\n\n2 Add butter, cheese, parsley: Place the drained hot noodles in a large bowl.\nAdd the butter and Parmesan and stir until the butter has melted. Stir in a\ntablespoon or two of the pasta cooking water. Stir in the chopped parsley. Add\nsalt and freshly ground black pepper to taste.\n\nHello! All photos and content are copyright protected. Please do not use our\nphotos without prior written permission. Thank you!\n\nSave It Saved Print\n\n#### Products We Love\n\n### Pasta Pot with Insert\n\n$149.99 on Amazon\n\n### Microplane Coarse Grater\n\n$15.23 (43% savings) on Amazon\n\nThis post may contain links to Amazon or other partners; your purchases via\nthese links can benefit Simply Recipes. Read more about our affiliate linking\npolicy.\n\nElise Bauer\n\nElise Bauer is the founder of Simply Recipes. Elise launched Simply Recipes in\n2003 as a way to keep track of her family's recipes, and along the way grew it\ninto one of the most popular cooking websites in the world. Elise is dedicated\nto helping home cooks be successful in the kitchen. Elise is a graduate of\nStanford University, and lives in Sacramento, California.\n\nMore from Elise\n\nFiled under: Side DishBudgetComfort FoodKid-friendlyVegetarianEgg NoodlesPasta\nand Noodles\n\npost_id| post_title| score| ingredient_score| course_score| recipe-type_score|\nseason_score| cuisine_score| special_diet_score| ingredient_terms|\ncourse_terms| recipe-type_terms| season_terms| cuisine_terms|\nspecial_diet_terms \n---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n36935| Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet| 15.50| 14.00| 0.00| 1.50| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food,Kid-friendly \n2005| Beef Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00| Egg\nNoodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \n1866| Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget \n168442| Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \n81447| Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00|\n0.00| Egg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Budget \n13195| Turkey Noodle Casserole| 14.75| 14.00| 0.00| 0.75| 0.00| 0.00| 0.00|\nEgg Noodles,Pasta and Noodles| Comfort Food \n \n### You may also like\n\n 1. Cheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet\n\n 2. Beef Noodle Casserole\n\n 3. Citrus Pork with Egg Noodles\n\n 4. Classic Tuna Noodle Casserole\n\n 5. Rotisserie Chicken Stroganoff\n\n 6. Turkey Noodle Casserole\n\n### 20 Comments / Reviews\n\n### Easy Buttered Noodles Cancel reply\n\nYour comment may need to be approved before it will appear on the site. Thanks\nfor waiting. First time commenting? Please review the Comment Policy.\n\n 1. Leah\n\nJust made it so goooood\n\n * October 30, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 2. Chelsi T\n\nDoes the recipe change, if I use the whole bag (12oz) of no yolk buttered\nnoodles?\n\n * October 25, 2020\n * · Reply\n\nShow Replies (1)\n\n * Sara Bir\n\nHi Chelsi, the recipe calls for half a pound of noodles, which is 8 ounces. So\nwith a 12-ounce bag, you’ll need to increase the other ingredients up 1.5\ntimes. Does that make sense? If you don’t want to do the math, just use a\nlittle extra of everything :)\n\n * October 26, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 3. Nikki\n\nHad a craving and followed this recipe. So glad I did! Won’t be making butter\nnoodles any other way!!\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * October 15, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 4. Amy\n\nFollowed the recipe, and it’s good, but my noodles are soggy. I even timed\nthem so they wouldn’t over cook. Any tips of tricks?\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * March 11, 2020\n * · Reply\n\nShow Replies (1)\n\n * Sara Bir\n\nHi Amy,\n\nSorry to hear about the soggy noodles. My tip is to just check the doneness of\nany pasta/noodles as they cook. Set your timer early and keep tasting noodles\nas the boil. (As long as you don’t burn your tongue!) Drain them when they are\njust a tad toothy, as they will continue to absorb liquid afterwards.\n\n * March 12, 2020\n * · Reply\n\n 5. Ferryal\n\nMade this as a side for slow cooker pot roast, which came out really yummy.\nFollowed the recipe exactly with the addition of garlic powder & changing the\ncheese from Parm. to Romano. This is a keeper in my recipe file. Thank you for\nan awesome recipe.\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 1. Bonnie\n\nIt turned out awesome. I didn’t have egg noodles and only had elbow\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 2. Bella\n\nDo you use real grated cheese or the kind of the shelf in jar?\n\n * · Reply\n\n * Elise Bauer\n\nAlways the real stuff.\n\n * · Reply\n\n 3. Pamela Vallelonga\n\nThese were great and easy. I added a dab of cayenne pepper to mine just for a\nlittle kick. Thanks for sharing a great recipe.\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 4. Adrienne\n\nJust to let you know – I made these tonight ( adding 1 tbsp or so of chopped\nshallot ) and my husband said that he didn’t know what I had done but the\nnoodles were perfect. Thank you for the recipe.\n\nxxxxxyyyyy\n\n * · Reply\n\n 5. Debbie\n\nI would make them from time to time, but lately my family has been requesting\nthem more often. Fast and simple for a weeknight, what’s not to love!\n\n * · Reply\n\n 6. Raymond Hart\n\nI love buttered noodles, but it will taste better if you take a cast iron\nfrying pan and melt the butter in it, then take and pour in some itialan style\nbread crumbs and brown them, then add the noodles and toss together\n\n * · Reply\n\n 7. Dan Spalding\n\nWe love buttered noodles. I usually fry some bacon, press it on paper towels,\nchop it finely, add quite a bit more Parmesan cheese. Toss all together. It is\nstill my kids favorite meal... and they are in their thirties.\n\n * · Reply\n\n 8. Eric\n\nMy grandmother would make something like this but she’d cut plain sandwich\nbread into little pieces and fry that in the butter until crispy before\ntossing it into the noodles. That little extra dimension made it twice as\ngood!\n\n * · Reply\n\n 9. Judy\n\nWe love buttered noodle also and sometimes I will add minced garlic in the jar\nto it. Family loves it this way also. I have also added Italian seasoning\nalong with butter and garlic..I never use anything but real butter in my\ncooking.\n\n * · Reply\n\n 10. Arlene Cohen\n\nI confess. I’ve never made buttered noodles before! Not even sure I’ve ever\neaten them before... Nonetheless, was won over by both your comments and the\npictures, so I’m going to try it next week for Rosh Ha’Shana. One question,\nthough – if there are any leftovers, will they keep in the fridge till the\nnext day? Wish me luck!\n\n * · Reply\n\n * Elise Bauer\n\nHi Arlene, they’ll keep for several days in the fridge. I just reheat them in\nthe microwave.\n\n * · Reply\n\n * Nadine\n\nYes, absolutely!\n\n * · Reply\n\nView More\n\n›\n\nEasy Buttered Noodles\n\nCheesy Hamburger Pasta Skillet\n\nBeef Noodle Casserole\n\nCitrus Pork with Egg Noodles\n\nClassic Tuna Noodle Casserole\n\nRotisserie Chicken Stroganoff\n\nTurkey Noodle Casserole\n\n### Recipe Categories\n\n#### Featured\n\n * Healthy Eating\n * Best Soups and Stews\n * Vegetarian Dinner Recipes\n * Weekly Meal Plans\n * Cooking for Two\n * Eat Your Food! (Kid-friendly)\n * Editors’ Favorite Tools & Equipment\n * Produce Guides\n\n### Welcome to Simply Recipes!\n\nWe’re here to help you put dinner (and breakfast and lunch) on the table with\nless stress and more joy. Pull up a chair!\n\nRead more about us...\n\nNever miss a recipe!\n\nSimply Recipes ©2003-2021 Simply Recipes, Inc. | About | Advertise | Privacy\nPolicy | Your California Privacy Rights\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210127051005/http://www.differencebetween.net/object/comparisons-of-food-items/difference-between-egg-noodles-and-pasta/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta Difference Between",
"passages": [
"The majority of people have a passion for the numerous varieties of pasta, which includes egg noodles, and the traditionally-identified pasta. There are so many varieties, sauces that are used on them, and dishes in which they are prepared, that the thought leaves most our mouths watering. The interesting item is that most people don’t know that there is a difference between these two wonderful foods. This article is going to point out some of the differences between egg noodles and pasta. It will identify the following:",
"Egg noodles are made of unleavened dough that is cooked in boiling water. Generally, egg noodles are made with eggs and wheat, or rice flour. Sometimes arrowroot or tapioca starches are added to enhance the texture and uniformity of the strands. In most cases, the egg noodle batter is made, and allowed to dry for a period of time, before actually using them to prepare a specific dish.",
"Pasta is also made of unleavened semolina dough, of either wheat or buckwheat, that is cooked in boiling water, and, in some cases, vegetables are added to the dough.",
"There are many varieties of egg noodles, and the sizes vary from country to country. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough. Generally, the Chinese and Japanese noodles are long, wide, flat strips of dough, where the German variety is shorter, thicker, and much smaller.",
"Unlike egg noodles that are typically flat, pastas come in various lengths, sizes, and shapes. Many times, pastas are filled with meats, cheeses, and other vegetables, and are generally served with a sauce. Some of the shapes include spaghetti and angel-hair, (long dowel-like rods), macaroni, (which can be in the shape of shells or tubes), lasagna, (which are long, wide sheets), fusilli, (which are twirled and shorter), farfalle, (bow ties), and rigatoni, (which are larger hollow tubes).",
"It is generally accepted that egg noodles originated in China, between 25 and 200 AD; although the Arabs and Italians also claim that they invented this wonderful staple food. In October of 2005, at the Lajia site in Qinghai, China, the oldest known strip of egg noodle was discovered. It appeared to be about 4000 years old, and was made of broomcorn and foxtail millet.",
"As for the origination of pasta, no one has really determined exactly when or who first made this wonderful concoction. The Talmud records a similar food that was common in Palestine during the third century; however, the Greek physician, Galen, identified a comparable material in the second century. Even further back in the first century, Horace described tasty sheets of dough that were fried. As they continue to excavate the ruins in Egypt, they may find evidence that pasta has been around for even longer than what they thought.",
"This article hit upon many points but did not consider why a cook would want to use one or the other form of noodle. This was the information I was looking for and did not find here.",
"Right. But I think of the matter from a nutritional and ‘meal’ point of view. Pasta is just an attractive, molded twist on a real staple (i.e. wheat), making it easier to just boil and serve cooked with some sauces and spices, veggies, meats and/or cheese in some form.",
"It’s a vehicle much like pizza dough, one that definitely calls for something to embellish it with without which it’d much lack in flavor, nutritional value and wouldn’t really fill someone up anyway.",
"With pasta out of the way, add egg and perhaps milk to the mix of wet pasta dough and you have gotten egg noodles. Personally though I think this is a very specialized portion of a meal and has some value of its own due to the extra protein (egg) mixed in to start with. These could very well be shaped in the form of spaghetti or other ‘flat’ shapes and serve as vehicles for other toppings, like veggie stir fry and maybe even oriental dishes like mongolian beef or such. But things that are either sides or main dishes like chicken lo mein/chow mein can do very well with egg noodles in place of pasta.",
"I also was also looking for more on this – My chicken soup recipe calls for “eggless noodles. There must be a reason why. Would it have to do with texture/composition? Do eggless noodles hold up better in the chicken broth? Thank you.",
"I love egg noodles. I never have seen them as actual pasta because the making of the material isn’t like spaghetti or anything like that dough at all... I use it with butter and homemade chicken broth. It helps when you are sick and its a good substitute for people with Celtic disease"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta Difference Between | Difference\nBetween\n\n * Business\n\n * Accounting\n * Economics\n * Finance\n * Investment\n * Management\n * Marketing\n * Organizations\n * Planning & Activities\n * Product & Services\n * Structure & Systems\n * Miscellaneous\n\n * Career & Education\n * Culture\n * Entertainment\n * Fashion & Beauty\n * Geography\n * History\n * Legal\n * Politics\n\n * Ideology\n * Leaders\n * Political Institutions\n * Religion\n\n * Islam\n * Sports\n * Technology\n\n * Gadgets\n * Gaming\n * SmartPhones\n * Tablets\n * Software\n * internet\n * Hardware\n * Protocols & Formats\n * Communication\n * Web Applications\n * Industrial\n * Household Equipments\n * Auto\n * Career and Certifications\n * Science\n\n * Biology\n * Chemistry\n * Health\n * Disease\n * Diet & Fitness\n * Drugs\n * Mathematics & Statistics\n * Nature\n * Animals\n * Birds\n * Physics\n * Psychology\n * Objects\n\n * Food\n * Processed Foods\n * Vegetables & Fruits\n * Language\n\n * Words\n * Grammar\n\nJanuary 26, 2010 • 5 comments\n\n# Difference Between Egg noodles and Pasta\n\nEgg noodles vs Pasta\n\nThe majority of people have a passion for the numerous varieties of pasta,\nwhich includes egg noodles, and the traditionally-identified pasta. There are\nso many varieties, sauces that are used on them, and dishes in which they are\nprepared, that the thought leaves most our mouths watering. The interesting\nitem is that most people don’t know that there is a difference between these\ntwo wonderful foods. This article is going to point out some of the\ndifferences between egg noodles and pasta. It will identify the following:\n\nIngredients\n\nEgg noodles are made of unleavened dough that is cooked in boiling water.\nGenerally, egg noodles are made with eggs and wheat, or rice flour. Sometimes\narrowroot or tapioca starches are added to enhance the texture and uniformity\nof the strands. In most cases, the egg noodle batter is made, and allowed to\ndry for a period of time, before actually using them to prepare a specific\ndish.\n\nPasta is also made of unleavened semolina dough, of either wheat or buckwheat,\nthat is cooked in boiling water, and, in some cases, vegetables are added to\nthe dough.\n\nShapes\n\nThere are many varieties of egg noodles, and the sizes vary from country to\ncountry. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough. Generally, the\nChinese and Japanese noodles are long, wide, flat strips of dough, where the\nGerman variety is shorter, thicker, and much smaller.\n\nUnlike egg noodles that are typically flat, pastas come in various lengths,\nsizes, and shapes. Many times, pastas are filled with meats, cheeses, and\nother vegetables, and are generally served with a sauce. Some of the shapes\ninclude spaghetti and angel-hair, (long dowel-like rods), macaroni, (which can\nbe in the shape of shells or tubes), lasagna, (which are long, wide sheets),\nfusilli, (which are twirled and shorter), farfalle, (bow ties), and rigatoni,\n(which are larger hollow tubes).\n\nOrigination\n\nIt is generally accepted that egg noodles originated in China, between 25 and\n200 AD; although the Arabs and Italians also claim that they invented this\nwonderful staple food. In October of 2005, at the Lajia site in Qinghai,\nChina, the oldest known strip of egg noodle was discovered. It appeared to be\nabout 4000 years old, and was made of broomcorn and foxtail millet.\n\nAs for the origination of pasta, no one has really determined exactly when or\nwho first made this wonderful concoction. The Talmud records a similar food\nthat was common in Palestine during the third century; however, the Greek\nphysician, Galen, identified a comparable material in the second century. Even\nfurther back in the first century, Horace described tasty sheets of dough that\nwere fried. As they continue to excavate the ruins in Egypt, they may find\nevidence that pasta has been around for even longer than what they thought.\n\nSummary:\n\n1\\. Egg noodles are typically long flat strips of dough, while pasta comes in\na variety of shapes.\n\n2\\. Egg noodles originated in China, while the origin of pasta is not certain.\n\n * Author\n * Recent Posts\n\nManisha Kumar\n\nLatest posts by Manisha Kumar (see all)\n\n * Difference Between On and In - March 18, 2010\n * Difference Between IB and AP - March 18, 2010\n * Difference Between Licence and License - March 18, 2010\n\nShare Tweet Pin Mail\n\nCategories: Food, Processed Foods Tags: noodles, pasta\n\nprevious post Difference Between Eyelet and Grommet\n\nnext post Difference Between CTC and Gross Salary\n\n### 5 responses\n\n 1. Christine Michels\n\nAugust 23, 2014\n\nThis article hit upon many points but did not consider why a cook would want\nto use one or the other form of noodle. This was the information I was looking\nfor and did not find here.\n\nReply\n\n * Amna\n\nMarch 30, 2016\n\nRight. But I think of the matter from a nutritional and ‘meal’ point of view.\nPasta is just an attractive, molded twist on a real staple (i.e. wheat),\nmaking it easier to just boil and serve cooked with some sauces and spices,\nveggies, meats and/or cheese in some form.\n\nIt’s a vehicle much like pizza dough, one that definitely calls for something\nto embellish it with without which it’d much lack in flavor, nutritional value\nand wouldn’t really fill someone up anyway.\n\nWith pasta out of the way, add egg and perhaps milk to the mix of wet pasta\ndough and you have gotten egg noodles. Personally though I think this is a\nvery specialized portion of a meal and has some value of its own due to the\nextra protein (egg) mixed in to start with. These could very well be shaped in\nthe form of spaghetti or other ‘flat’ shapes and serve as vehicles for other\ntoppings, like veggie stir fry and maybe even oriental dishes like mongolian\nbeef or such. But things that are either sides or main dishes like chicken lo\nmein/chow mein can do very well with egg noodles in place of pasta.\n\nJust my two cents’ worth. The rest is preference, really. 😉\n\nReply\n\n * Sue\n\nMarch 24, 2020\n\nI also was also looking for more on this – My chicken soup recipe calls for\n“eggless noodles. There must be a reason why. Would it have to do with\ntexture/composition? Do eggless noodles hold up better in the chicken broth?\nThank you.\n\nReply\n\n 2. calico\n\nSeptember 2, 2015\n\ni thought pasta originated in italy...\n\nReply\n\n 3. Brittany Buckland\n\nFebruary 19, 2020\n\nI love egg noodles. I never have seen them as actual pasta because the making\nof the material isn’t like spaghetti or anything like that dough at all... I\nuse it with butter and homemade chicken broth. It helps when you are sick and\nits a good substitute for people with Celtic disease\n\nReply\n\n## Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nBack to top\n\nmobile desktop\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210124063702/https://www.thegunnysack.com/mid-week-munchies-parmesan-chicken",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles",
"passages": [
"This post may contain affiliate links to products. If you use those links, I may earn a commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Learn more here.",
"This Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe is a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!",
"It has been hard to find the motivation to make meals during the summer! The kids are home from school, it’s hot outside and there is no schedule.",
"So, I was trying to figure out what to make for dinner when I remembered that I had some leftover grilled chicken in the freezer and decided to make a quick version of Noodles and Company’s Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles.",
"I took leftover, grilled chicken out of the freezer, added a little water, covered it loosely and heated it in the microwave until the chicken thawed completely.",
"To use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the chicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts instead of one.",
"When using raw chicken that has been cut in half to make it thin, this will take 3-4 minutes per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.",
"Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.",
"If you want to make oven baked parmesan chicken instead, try the method in one of these two blog posts: Key Lime Chicken Tenders and Lemon Pepper Chicken Tenders.",
"This Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe is a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!",
"Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.",
"To use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the chicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts instead of one.",
"It will take 3-4 minutes to cooker per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.",
"Yield: 3 Serving Size: 1 grams Amount Per Serving: Calories: 955Total Fat: 52gSaturated Fat: 24gUnsaturated Fat: 0gCholesterol: 281mgSodium: 967mgCarbohydrates: 48gFiber: 2gSugar: 1gProtein: 70g",
"Great recipe. My daughter is a picky eater and requested this. Both of us loved it. We’ll be making this again.",
"Hi !!! I love your recipes and your enthusiasm. Because I am GF and diabetic, I use almond flour for bread crumbs. I can even make an almond bread that tastes like a hush puppy. Here’s my recipe: 3 cups almond flour, 1 Tbsp baking pwdr, 1 tsp baking soda, 1/2 tsp salt, 2-3 eggs (I buy med. organic), 1-1/2 cups buttermilk/or any milk, 1 small finely diced onion, 1 cup shred cheese, mix, pour into a buttered pan (I use a Pyrex 11X9-inch glass dish & bake 37 mins.",
"This is an easy dish. I never have any ‘left-over’ chicken in my freezer (since I always use our leftover chicken within a day or so.) I make a cold chicken salad on Croissants (SP) with Butter (Boston) lettuce. It’s nice to have on a hot summer day for lunch! To the breading mixture (for this dish), I added a bit of garkic powder, and also some dry parsley flakes. I also added a generous handful of frozen ‘green peas’ to the buttered noodles. With my ‘personal additions’, we loved it ! .",
"This was delicious I substituted bread crumbs for Original Goldfishes crackers and I served it up with homemade Mac n Cheese. My family devoured it!",
"Yum!! I love parmesan chicken! These look so good and I bet your family loved it! I don’t know how you have time to do all that you do!!! Superwoman!",
"Ohhh what a yummy meal!! Rarely do we have any leftovers around here either...You would think that I was starving my husband they way he eats haha! Such a great presentation of the food! Your pictures are always so clean. Love that",
"Hi, I'm Tonia, a lover of food and photography! Fill a gunny sack with ingredients, tie on an apron and let's get cooking!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles - The Gunny\nSack\n\nThe Gunny Sack\n\nHome » Recipes » Dinner » Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and\nButtered Noodles\n\n# Copycat Noodles & Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links to products. If you use those links, I\nmay earn a commission. As an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying\npurchases. Learn more here.\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nThis Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe\nis a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\n\nIt has been hard to find the motivation to make meals during the summer! The\nkids are home from school, it’s hot outside and there is no schedule.\n\nSo, I was trying to figure out what to make for dinner when I remembered that\nI had some leftover grilled chicken in the freezer and decided to make a quick\nversion of Noodles and Company’s Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles.\n\n## How To Make Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\n\n#### Step One:\n\nStart with the chicken.\n\nI took leftover, grilled chicken out of the freezer, added a little water,\ncovered it loosely and heated it in the microwave until the chicken thawed\ncompletely.\n\nTo use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the\nchicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts\ninstead of one.\n\n#### Step Two:\n\nIn a shallow bowl, mix together breadcrumbs, grated Parmesan, Italian\nseasoning, and garlic powder.\n\n#### Step Three:\n\nHeat the olive oil in a saute pan over medium heat.\n\n#### Step Four:\n\nDip the chicken breasts in melted butter and then coat with the breadcrumbs\nmixture.\n\n#### Step Five:\n\nFry the coated chicken breasts in the oil for a couple of minutes on each\nside, until golden brown.\n\nIf using precooked chicken, this will only take about 1- 2 minutes per side.\n\nWhen using raw chicken that has been cut in half to make it thin, this will\ntake 3-4 minutes per side. Cook until the juices run clear or until the\nchicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\n\n#### Step Six:\n\nPut one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one\ntablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt,\nblack pepper, and Italian seasoning.\n\n#### Step Seven:\n\nSlice each parmesan chicken breast and lay the slices on top of the noodles in\nthe bowls.\n\nIf you want to make oven baked parmesan chicken instead, try the method in one\nof these two blog posts: Key Lime Chicken Tenders and Lemon Pepper Chicken\nTenders.\n\nContinue to Content\n\n## Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles\n\nYield: 3\n\nPrep Time: 5 minutes\n\nCook Time: 5 minutes\n\nTotal Time: 10 minutes\n\nThis Copycat Noodles and Company Parmesan Chicken and Buttered Noodles recipe\nis a quick way to make one of your favorites at home!\n\n### Ingredients\n\n#### Parmesan Chicken\n\n * 3 cooked chicken breasts, (see notes for how to make using raw chicken breasts)\n * 1/4 cup breadcrumbs\n * 1/2 cup grated Parmesan\n * 1 tsp Italian seasoning\n * 1/2 tsp garlic powder\n * 1/4 cup butter, melted\n * 2 tbsp olive oil\n\n#### Buttered Noodles\n\n * 3 cups cooked egg noodles\n * 3 tbsp butter, melted\n * 3 tbsp shredded Parmesan\n * 1/4 tsp salt\n * 1/4 tsp Italian seasoning\n * 1/8 tsp black pepper\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. In a shallow bowl, mix together breadcrumbs, grated Parmesan, Italian seasoning, and garlic powder.\n 2. Heat olive oil in a saute pan over medium heat.\n 3. Dip the chicken breasts in melted butter and coat with the breadcrumbs mixture.\n 4. Fry the coated chicken breasts in the oil for a couple of minutes on each side, until golden brown.\n 5. Put one cup of cooked egg noodles in three bowls. Toss each with one tablespoon of melted butter. Sprinkle with shredded Parmesan cheese, salt, black pepper, and Italian seasoning.\n 6. Slice each parmesan chicken breast and lay the slices on top of the noodles in the bowls.\n\n### Notes\n\nTo use raw, boneless, skinless, chicken breasts instead start by slicing the\nchicken breasts in half widthwise so that you have two thin chicken breasts\ninstead of one.\n\nIt will take 3-4 minutes to cooker per side. Cook until the juices run clear\nor until the chicken reaches an internal temperature of 165°F.\n\n###### Nutrition Information:\n\nYield: 3 Serving Size: 1 grams Amount Per Serving: Calories: 955Total Fat:\n52gSaturated Fat: 24gUnsaturated Fat: 0gCholesterol: 281mgSodium:\n967mgCarbohydrates: 48gFiber: 2gSugar: 1gProtein: 70g\n\n© Tonia\n\nCuisine: American / Category: Dinner\n\nPin\n\nShare\n\n« How To Make Brown Bag Envelopes\n\nDipping Sauce for Sweet Potato Fries »\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Becky Slivinski says\n\nJanuary 18, 2021 at 8:31 pm\n\nGreat recipe. My daughter is a picky eater and requested this. Both of us\nloved it. We’ll be making this again.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Debbie says\n\nJanuary 4, 2021 at 7:02 pm\n\nGreat recipe, all of the family gave thumbs up...\n\nReply\n\n 3. Laura says\n\nMarch 7, 2017 at 3:55 pm\n\nHi !!! I love your recipes and your enthusiasm. Because I am GF and diabetic,\nI use almond flour for bread crumbs. I can even make an almond bread that\ntastes like a hush puppy. Here’s my recipe: 3 cups almond flour, 1 Tbsp baking\npwdr, 1 tsp baking soda, 1/2 tsp salt, 2-3 eggs (I buy med. organic), 1-1/2\ncups buttermilk/or any milk, 1 small finely diced onion, 1 cup shred cheese,\nmix, pour into a buttered pan (I use a Pyrex 11X9-inch glass dish & bake 37\nmins.\n\nT hank you so much.\n\nReply\n\n * judi says\n\nFebruary 9, 2020 at 11:13 am\n\nat what temp do you bake this almond bread/hush puppy goodness? please and\nthank you\n\nReply\n\n 4. Angela says\n\nJuly 21, 2014 at 1:27 pm\n\nThis is an easy dish. I never have any ‘left-over’ chicken in my freezer\n(since I always use our leftover chicken within a day or so.) I make a cold\nchicken salad on Croissants (SP) with Butter (Boston) lettuce. It’s nice to\nhave on a hot summer day for lunch! To the breading mixture (for this dish), I\nadded a bit of garkic powder, and also some dry parsley flakes. I also added a\ngenerous handful of frozen ‘green peas’ to the buttered noodles. With my\n‘personal additions’, we loved it ! .\n\nReply\n\n 5. LH says\n\nJuly 5, 2014 at 8:44 am\n\nMade this last night. Simple to make & really good. This recipe is a keeper:)\n\nReply\n\n * Tonia says\n\nJuly 5, 2014 at 9:32 am\n\nFantastic! I still make it for my family too!\n\nReply\n\n 6. nancy says\n\nApril 18, 2014 at 10:51 pm\n\nThis was delicious I substituted bread crumbs for Original Goldfishes crackers\nand I served it up with homemade Mac n Cheese. My family devoured it!\n\nReply\n\n 7. www.StarHughes.com says\n\nJuly 22, 2011 at 5:43 pm\n\nYum!! I love parmesan chicken! These look so good and I bet your family loved\nit! I don’t know how you have time to do all that you do!!! Superwoman!\n\nReply\n\n 8. Ana Degenaar says\n\nJuly 20, 2011 at 2:22 pm\n\nThis looks and sounds delish!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Lindsay @ Delighted Momma says\n\nJuly 20, 2011 at 2:18 pm\n\nOhhh what a yummy meal!! Rarely do we have any leftovers around here\neither...You would think that I was starving my husband they way he eats haha!\nSuch a great presentation of the food! Your pictures are always so clean. Love\nthat\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHi, I'm Tonia, a lover of food and photography! Fill a gunny sack with\ningredients, tie on an apron and let's get cooking!\n\nDisclosure | Privacy Policy | Nutrition Disclaimer\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Blog Archives\n\nCopyright © 2021 · Tasteful theme by Restored 316\n\nCopyright © 2021 ·Tasteful Theme · Genesis Framework by StudioPress ·\nWordPress · Log in\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210122190047/https://www.food.com/recipe/buttered-egg-noodles-best-ever-11107",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever) Recipe",
"passages": [
"(You may add additional butter if desired. Also you may use 1 can of chicken broth instead of bullion. I suggest using bullion)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever) Recipe - Food.com\n\nProfile\n\nAdd a Recipe\n\nUser Settings\n\nRecipes / < 15 Mins\n\nCommunity Pick\n\n# Buttered Egg Noodles (Best Ever)\n\n(206)\n\nRecipe by David Ball\n\nThe creamiest buttered egg noodles you will ever taste. Always a hit and easy\nto prepare.\n\n211\n\nPeople talking\n\nJoin In Now Join the conversation!\n\nREADY IN: 10mins\n\nSERVES: 4\n\nUNITS: US\n\n#### INGREDIENTS\n\nNutrition\n\n * 2\n\nWyler's chicken bouillon cubes\n\n * 1 ^1⁄_2\n\ncups water\n\n * ^1⁄_2\n\ncup real butter\n\n * 8\n\nounces egg noodles\n\n#### NUTRITION INFO\n\nServing Size: 1 (224) g\n\nServings Per Recipe: 4\n\nAMT. PER SERVING % DAILY VALUE\n\nCalories: 424.8\n\nCalories from Fat 230 g 54 %\n\nTotal Fat 25.6 g 39 %\n\nSaturated Fat 15.3 g 76 %\n\nCholesterol 108.9 mg 36 %\n\nSodium 380.2 mg 15 %\n\nTotal Carbohydrate 41 g 13 %\n\nDietary Fiber 1.9 g 7 %\n\nSugars 1.1 g 4 %\n\nProtein 8.5 g 17 %\n\nAdvertisement\n\n#### DIRECTIONS\n\n * Bring water, 2 boullion cubes and 1/2 stick of butter to boil using med to high heat.\n * Add egg noodles.\n * Cook until noodles are desired texture.\n * (About 6-8 minutes) During last minute of cooking add remaining 1/2 stick of butter.\n * (You may add additional butter if desired. Also you may use 1 can of chicken broth instead of bullion. I suggest using bullion).\n\nSubmit a Recipe Correction\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### YOU'LL ALSO LOVE\n\nButtered Noodles With Caraway Seeds\n\nby threeovens\n\n(9)\n\nButtered Noodles\n\nby dividend\n\n(10)\n\nButtered Garlic Noodles\n\nby Fluffy\n\n(7)\n\nButtered Noodles With Eggs and Parmesan Cheese\n\nby Marie\n\n(7)\n\nView All Recipes\n\nBACK TO TOP\n\nSee all Scripps Networks Digital\n\n * HGTV\n * DIY Network\n * Food Network\n * Cooking Channel\n * Travel Channel\n * HGTV Poland\n\n© 2021 Scripps Networks, LLC.\n\nAll Rights Reserved.\n\n * Advertise With Us\n * AdChoices\n * Privacy Policy\n * Visitor Agreement\n\nCalifornia Do Not Sell My Info\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210211205230/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/88341/annas-amazing-easy-pleasy-meatballs-over-buttered-noodles/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles Recipe",
"passages": [
"My friend Anna makes the most amazing and easy meatballs with gravy! Prepared in a slow cooker, this recipe couldn't be any easier! Serve over buttery hot cooked noodles and you'll have a happy crowd! Mangia!",
"Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More",
"Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again. Read More",
"Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More",
"This was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the recipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles put the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on the stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything together. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm terrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER quick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really good!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper! Read More",
"I made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own meatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian seasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan in oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of mushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk. Heated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good flavor, similar to stroganoff Read More",
"This is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful. There was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles needed. Read More",
"I made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked meatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are going to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this recipe. Read More",
"Love these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be perfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2 weeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to give to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot! Read More",
"Oh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My coworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it. So easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too! Read More",
"Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again. Read More",
"Much too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time I used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth instead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was great. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star... Read More",
"*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.",
"(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.",
"Really, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from scratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs, 1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian seasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I baked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I added the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce since I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added another can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about half a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion soup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high for about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we felt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again.",
"This was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the recipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles put the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on the stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything together. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm terrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER quick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really good!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper!",
"I made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own meatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian seasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan in oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of mushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk. Heated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good flavor, similar to stroganoff",
"This is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful. There was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles needed.",
"I made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked meatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are going to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this recipe.",
"Love these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be perfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2 weeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to give to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot!",
"Oh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My coworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it. So easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too!",
"Hubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like meatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.",
"Much too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time I used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth instead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was great. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star...",
"Allrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles Recipe | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Allrecipes\n\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Create a Profile\n * Newsletters\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Your Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nRating: 4.38 stars\n\n525 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 299\n * 4 star values: 159\n * 3 star values: 43\n * 2 star values: 15\n * 1 star values: 9\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Reviews\n\n * 525 Ratings\n * 387 Reviews\n * 16 Photos\n\nMy friend Anna makes the most amazing and easy meatballs with gravy! Prepared\nin a slow cooker, this recipe couldn't be any easier! Serve over buttery hot\ncooked noodles and you'll have a happy crowd! Mangia!\n\nBy QUEENGODDESSNANCE\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\n\\+ 12 12 more images\n\n## Recipe Summary\n\nprep:\n\n15 mins\n\ncook:\n\n3 hrs\n\ntotal:\n\n3 hrs 15 mins\n\nServings:\n\n24\n\nYield:\n\n24 servings\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n24\n\nOriginal recipe yields 24 servings\n\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\n\n## Directions\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n493 calories; protein 25.9g; carbohydrates 38.5g; fat 25.5g; cholesterol\n147.9mg; sodium 591.5mg. Full Nutrition\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Reviews (387)\n\nRead More Reviews\n\n### Most helpful positive review\n\nLisa Michelle\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/06/2007\n\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(214)\n\n### Most helpful critical review\n\nWILLOWDANCE\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n04/01/2007\n\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\n525 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 299\n * 4 star values: 159\n * 3 star values: 43\n * 2 star values: 15\n * 1 star values: 9\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nLisa Michelle\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/05/2007\n\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(214)\n\nJANICEB75\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n04/03/2007\n\nThis was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the\nrecipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead\nof cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles\nput the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on\nthe stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything\ntogether. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm\nterrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER\nquick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really\ngood!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(125)\n\nmichcoff\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n03/27/2008\n\nI made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own\nmeatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian\nseasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan\nin oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of\nmushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk.\nHeated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good\nflavor, similar to stroganoff Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(87)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMatt Colleen Parker\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/11/2007\n\nThis is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful.\nThere was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles\nneeded. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(48)\n\nKJ\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/22/2007\n\nI made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked\nmeatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are\ngoing to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this\nrecipe. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(45)\n\nNicki Rose Robinson\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/02/2008\n\nLove these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be\nperfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2\nweeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to\ngive to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(42)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nlisa p\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/03/2007\n\nOh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My\ncoworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it.\nSo easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too! Read\nMore\n\nHelpful\n\n(32)\n\nWILLOWDANCE\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n04/01/2007\n\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\ndapen\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n01/21/2011\n\nMuch too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time\nI used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth\ninstead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was\ngreat. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star... Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(22)\n\nMore Reviews\n\nBack to Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\n## All Reviews for Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\n## Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nServings Per Recipe: 24 Calories: 492.5\n\n% Daily Value *\n\nprotein: 25.9g 52 %\n\ncarbohydrates: 38.5g 12 %\n\ndietary fiber: 2g 8 %\n\nsugars: 2.1g\n\nfat: 25.5g 39 %\n\nsaturated fat: 10.9g 55 %\n\ncholesterol: 147.9mg 49 %\n\nvitamin a iu: 335.8IU 7 %\n\nniacin equivalents: 4.2mg 32 %\n\nvitamin b6: 0.2mg 15 %\n\nvitamin c: 0.9mg 1 %\n\nfolate: 101.2mcg 25 %\n\ncalcium: 93.6mg 9 %\n\niron: 3.8mg 21 %\n\nmagnesium: 48.7mg 17 %\n\npotassium: 454.5mg 13 %\n\nsodium: 591.5mg 24 %\n\nthiamin: 0.4mg 41 %\n\ncalories from fat: 229.8\n\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\n\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\non available nutrient data.\n\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\n\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\nReserved\n\n## UGC Reviews Modal\n\n### Reviews for: Photos of Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered\nNoodles\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\n1 of 387\n\nAll Reviews\n\nLisa Michelle\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/05/2007\n\nReally, really good and really, really easy. I made the meatballs from\nscratch. I used about 1.5 pounds of ground beef, 3/4 of a diced onion, 2 eggs,\n1/2 cup bread crumbs, @ 3 teaspoons of diced garlic, 1 teaspoon italian\nseasoning, salt, pepper, a little onion powder and a little seasoning salt. I\nbaked them for 25 mins on a broiler pan so the fat would drip off. Once I\nadded the meatballs to the sauce (I originally made a half batch of sauce\nsince I only made 1.5 lbs of meat) I decided I wanted more sauce so added\nanother can of cream of celery and then added 2 beef bullion cubes and about\nhalf a packet of dry onion soup mix since I didn't have any more canned onion\nsoup. I also added one soup can full of water. I cooked the whole pot on high\nfor about 3.5 hours on high and it was really delicious. The only thing we\nfelt it needed was more salt. We'll most definitely have this again.\n\nHelpful\n\n(214)\n\nJANICEB75\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n04/03/2007\n\nThis was really good and REALLY easy! I made a couple modifications. I cut the\nrecipe in half (makes a LOT!) used 98% fat free cream of mushroom soup instead\nof cream of celery and I didn't make it in my crockpot. I boiled the noodles\nput the meatballs in the microwave and threw all the other stuff in a pot on\nthe stove to heat through. When it was all done I just mixed everything\ntogether. The crockpot would have worked great but I didn't want to wait...I'm\nterrible about last minute meals what can I say?! It ended up being SUPER\nquick and tasted great! My husband said \"needs more mushrooms but it's really\ngood!\" It's a really tasty stroganoff. YUMMM!! I think it's a keeper!\n\nHelpful\n\n(125)\n\nmichcoff\n\nRating: 4 stars\n\n03/27/2008\n\nI made quite a few changes, going with what I had on hand. First made my own\nmeatballs, 1.25 pds ground beef, 1/2 cup oatmeal, 1 egg, 1 tsp italian\nseasoning, salt, and about1/2 cup minced onion. Baked these in foil lined pan\nin oven about 30 minutes. Removed and drained. For sauce used 1 can cream of\nmushroom, 1/2 envelope dry onion soup mix, 1/2 cup sour cream and 1 cup milk.\nHeated through added meatballs and served over buttered egg noodles. Good\nflavor, similar to stroganoff\n\nHelpful\n\n(87)\n\nMatt Colleen Parker\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n09/11/2007\n\nThis is a wonderfull dish. I halfed this recipe and it came out wonderful.\nThere was enough liquid. I would recommend this for any potluck no noodles\nneeded.\n\nHelpful\n\n(48)\n\nKJ\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/22/2007\n\nI made this using gravy mix green peppers grn onions and pre cooked\nmeatballs(costcos kirkland brand). Add the sourcream right before you are\ngoing to eat. Slap it over some egg noodles. My husband and kids LOVE this\nrecipe.\n\nHelpful\n\n(45)\n\nNicki Rose Robinson\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/02/2008\n\nLove these! I made them as described and then it hit me that these would be\nperfect appetizers st get-to-tethers. Have made them 3 times in the past 2\nweeks and everyone loves them. I ahve made at least 8 copies of this recipe to\ngive to people. I do recommend cutting the recipe down as it makes a lot!\n\nHelpful\n\n(42)\n\nlisa p\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n11/03/2007\n\nOh my gosh...so so good. I made this and brought the leftovers to work. My\ncoworker tried it and made it that weekend for her parents, they all loved it.\nSo easy, my finicky 4 year old even loved them! Great as leftovers too!\n\nHelpful\n\n(32)\n\nWILLOWDANCE\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n04/01/2007\n\nHubby was not that impressed with it. Taste was okay......basically like\nmeatballs in soup.Very easy and quick to prepare but I would not make again.\n\nHelpful\n\n(28)\n\ndapen\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n01/21/2011\n\nMuch too \"oniony\" and salty if you do the recipe as indicated. The second time\nI used cream of mushroom soup instead of cream of celery low sodium beef broth\ninstead of french onion soup added fresh mushrooms at the end and it was\ngreat. With my adaptations I would rate it 5 star...\n\nHelpful\n\n(22)\n\n1 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nAndy Ernest\n\n2 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nDavid Washington\n\n3 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nyoshi1\n\n4 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nLeigh Ann Rowan Kiraly\n\n5 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nLucy\n\n6 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nShandy G\n\n7 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nTanisha Cave\n\n8 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nJeanette Worth\n\n9 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nClarice Baker\n\n10 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nCara\n\n11 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nkateshreds\n\n12 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nSherry Knoebel Roberts\n\n13 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nHeather Kaye Allen\n\n14 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nkateshreds\n\n15 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nSuemck\n\n16 of 16 Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nTanisha Cave\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nReview this recipe\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\nCongrats! You saved Anna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\nto your Favorites\n\n## Login\n\nAllrecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 02/11/2021\n\n## View image\n\nAnna's Amazing Easy Pleasy Meatballs over Buttered Noodles\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210124085614/https://www.allrecipes.com/recipe/244458/buttered-noodles/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Buttered Noodles",
"passages": [
"This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More",
"This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More",
"This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More",
"This is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I still make it today~YUM!!!!! Read More",
"It was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They loved it! Read More",
"I was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles turned out really good! I didn't need to add anything. Read More",
"These noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I would make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when I'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You could easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red pepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The sky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil - delicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan accordingly. Read More",
"NO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do believe quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best. AND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter & noodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great , however the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different taste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as always and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V. Read More",
"Tasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a strong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me liking some garlic in it too. Read More",
"7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes. I often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can be. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting. Read More",
"Definitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best noodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them! Read More",
"This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More",
"*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.",
"(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are following a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or registered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.",
"This was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he can to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some Jake and mixed it in the noodles.",
"This is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I still make it today~YUM!!!!!",
"I was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles turned out really good! I didn't need to add anything.",
"These noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I would make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when I'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You could easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red pepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The sky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil - delicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan accordingly.",
"NO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do believe quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best. AND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter & noodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great , however the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different taste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as always and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.",
"Tasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a strong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me liking some garlic in it too.",
"7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes. I often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can be. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.",
"Definitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best noodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!",
"This was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had roasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic while the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it into the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach. Thanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often.",
"Allrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Buttered Noodles | Allrecipes\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Allrecipes\n\nAllrecipes Allrecipes\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nGet Allrecipes Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Create a Profile\n * Newsletters\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Your Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Help this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Shopping List\n * Cooking School this link opens in a new tab\n * Ask the Community this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# Buttered Noodles\n\nRating: 4.5 stars\n\n112 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 77\n * 4 star values: 21\n * 3 star values: 8\n * 2 star values: 5\n * 1 star values: 1\n\n * Read Reviews\n * Add Reviews\n\n * 112 Ratings\n * 81 Reviews\n * 39 Photos\n\nSuch a simple and delicious recipe, yet I get many questions on how to make\nit.\n\nBy elohel\n\nSave Pin Print\n\nFacebook Tweet Email Send Text Message\n\n## Gallery\n\n\\+ 35 35 more images\n\n## Recipe Summary\n\nprep:\n\n5 mins\n\ncook:\n\n10 mins\n\ntotal:\n\n15 mins\n\nServings:\n\n8\n\nYield:\n\n8 servings\n\nNutrition Info\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Ingredients\n\n8\n\nOriginal recipe yields 8 servings\n\nThe ingredient list now reflects the servings specified\n\n## Directions\n\n## Cook's Note:\n\nUse 1/4 cup butter for less saucy noodles.\n\n## Nutrition Facts\n\nPer Serving:\n\n294 calories; protein 8.9g; carbohydrates 41.4g; fat 10.9g; cholesterol\n25.8mg; sodium 134.6mg. Full Nutrition\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Reviews (81)\n\nRead More Reviews\n\n### Most helpful positive review\n\ntaelorm\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/10/2016\n\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\nJake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(19)\n\n### Most helpful critical review\n\nDolores Cruz\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n02/27/2020\n\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(1)\n\n112 Ratings\n\n * 5 star values: 77\n * 4 star values: 21\n * 3 star values: 8\n * 2 star values: 5\n * 1 star values: 1\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\ntaelorm\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/10/2016\n\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\nJake and mixed it in the noodles. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(19)\n\nChristina\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/22/2015\n\nThis is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I\nstill make it today~YUM!!!!! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(15)\n\nFinn McDonald\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2019\n\nIt was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They\nloved it! Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(13)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLisa Noel Rodgers\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n12/28/2015\n\nI was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles\nturned out really good! I didn't need to add anything. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(10)\n\nFrance C\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/28/2015\n\nThese noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I\nwould make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when\nI'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You\ncould easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red\npepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The\nsky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil -\ndelicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan\naccordingly. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(9)\n\ntena11\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/18/2019\n\nNO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do\nbelieve quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best.\nAND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter &\nnoodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great ,\nhowever the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different\ntaste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as\nalways and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLindsay\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/27/2017\n\nTasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a\nstrong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me\nliking some garlic in it too. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nlutzflcat\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/22/2017\n\n7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes.\nI often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can\nbe. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nPeggy\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2018\n\nDefinitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best\nnoodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!\nRead More\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nDolores Cruz\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n02/27/2020\n\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often. Read More\n\nHelpful\n\n(1)\n\nMore Reviews\n\nBack to Buttered Noodles\n\n## All Reviews for Buttered Noodles\n\n\\- of Reviews\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Share options\n\n## Nutritional Information\n\n## Buttered Noodles\n\nServings Per Recipe: 8 Calories: 294.1\n\n% Daily Value *\n\nprotein: 8.9g 18 %\n\ncarbohydrates: 41.4g 13 %\n\ndietary fiber: 1.9g 8 %\n\nsugars: 1.9g\n\nfat: 10.9g 17 %\n\nsaturated fat: 6.3g 32 %\n\ncholesterol: 25.8mg 9 %\n\nvitamin a iu: 280.9IU 6 %\n\nniacin equivalents: 3.7mg 28 %\n\nvitamin b6: 0.1mg 5 %\n\nfolate: 113.2mcg 28 %\n\ncalcium: 51.3mg 5 %\n\niron: 1.7mg 9 %\n\nmagnesium: 28.2mg 10 %\n\npotassium: 112.9mg 3 %\n\nsodium: 134.6mg 5 %\n\ncalories from fat: 98.1\n\n*Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your daily values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs.\n\n**Nutrient information is not available for all ingredients. Amount is based\non available nutrient data.\n\n(-)Information is not currently available for this nutrient. If you are\nfollowing a medically restrictive diet, please consult your doctor or\nregistered dietitian before preparing this recipe for personal consumption.\n\nPowered by the ESHA Research Database © 2018, ESHA Research, Inc. All Rights\nReserved\n\n## UGC Reviews Modal\n\n### Reviews for: Photos of Buttered Noodles\n\nReviews: Most Helpful\n\nMost Helpful Most Positive Least Positive Newest\n\n1 of 81\n\nAll Reviews\n\ntaelorm\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n01/10/2016\n\nThis was awesome. I changed around the ingredients. I added olive oil in he\ncan to prevent the noodles from sticking after I drained them and sauted some\nJake and mixed it in the noodles.\n\nHelpful\n\n(19)\n\nChristina\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/22/2015\n\nThis is a classic! Simple and very tasty. We ate this A LOT growing up, and I\nstill make it today~YUM!!!!!\n\nHelpful\n\n(15)\n\nFinn McDonald\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2019\n\nIt was awesome. I’m a kid and I was making dinner for my family tonight. They\nloved it!\n\nHelpful\n\n(13)\n\nLisa Noel Rodgers\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n12/28/2015\n\nI was a bit hesitant because there were so few ingredients, but these noodles\nturned out really good! I didn't need to add anything.\n\nHelpful\n\n(10)\n\nFrance C\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n08/28/2015\n\nThese noodles are just down-home awesome. My mom would make this growing up, I\nwould make this a lot in college, and I still make it every now and then when\nI'm looking for something simple to make. These noodles are so versatile. You\ncould easily tweak this with ingredients you like. I sometimes add crushed red\npepper, other times I add dried minced garlic, or fresh minced herbs. The\nsky's the limit really! This last time I did half butter, half truffle oil -\ndelicious!!! This recipe makes 8 very small side servings, so plan\naccordingly.\n\nHelpful\n\n(9)\n\ntena11\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n10/18/2019\n\nNO changes. When I review a recipe I stick to the same ingredients. I do\nbelieve quite a few people realize that simplicity in your meal is the best.\nAND I do believe a lot of food lovers forget how GREAT just a plain butter &\nnoodle dish really satisfies. All the tomato sauces, & this & that are great ,\nhowever the basics are still the best. Different noodles make a different\ntaste texture, soo experiment with the noodles NOT this sauce. Thank you as\nalways and I make this ALL the time. Always a crowd pleaser. Cheers from N.V.\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nLindsay\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/27/2017\n\nTasty side dish. I used medium egg noddles which were great. They aren't a\nstrong flavored dish so could pair well with most main dishes. I could see me\nliking some garlic in it too.\n\nHelpful\n\n(5)\n\nlutzflcat\n\nAllstar\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n07/22/2017\n\n7.22.17 Nothing not to like here and it was a nice option to mashed potatoes.\nI often think rice or potatoes as a side dish but forget how good noodles can\nbe. And I can see so many variations on this recipe to keep it interesting.\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nPeggy\n\nRating: 5 stars\n\n05/31/2018\n\nDefinitely would make them again! The grandchildren said they where the best\nnoodles they ever had! They want them with every meal now! We all loved them!\n\nHelpful\n\n(3)\n\nDolores Cruz\n\nRating: 3 stars\n\n02/27/2020\n\nThis was a good recipe. I've been meaning to try this for some time. I had\nroasted some cherry tomatoes and simmered them with the butter and garlic\nwhile the fettuccine was cooking. When the fettuccine was cooked I poured it\ninto the butter garlic sauce, added the parmesan, and one bag of spinach.\nThanks for the recipe - I'll be using it often.\n\nHelpful\n\n(1)\n\n1 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nSevana\n\n2 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nDog Dogs\n\n3 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nMadalynn Kathrine Fischer\n\n4 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nRochelle Shaw\n\n5 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nShantiara Randle\n\n6 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nIsabel Ponce Wong\n\n7 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nCrystal Morgan\n\n8 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nYoly\n\n9 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nMadalynn Kathrine Fischer\n\n10 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nItsTiekaBee\n\n11 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nVanessa Bailey\n\n12 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nSat09\n\n13 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nValeria\n\n14 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nAllrecipes Magazine\n\n15 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nkmiranda1\n\n16 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nYoly\n\n17 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nYoly\n\n18 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nRenee Koziski\n\n19 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\ntaelorm\n\n20 of 39 Buttered Noodles\n\nnetty0118\n\n## Review this recipe\n\nReview this recipe\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\nCongrats! You saved Buttered Noodles to your Favorites\n\n## Login\n\nAllrecipes\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nAllrecipes is part of the Meredith Food Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Privacy\nPolicythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new\ntab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright 2021 allrecipes.com. All rights reserved. Printed from\nhttps://www.allrecipes.com 01/24/2021\n\n## View image\n\nButtered Noodles\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
}
] |
676,391 | How To Wet Sand a Car | To wet sand a car, soak 1200 or 1500 grit sandpaper in a mixture of water and automotive or dish soap for 5 minutes. Next, wrap the soaked sandpaper around a sanding squeegee or pad and sand gently in circular motions, switching directions occasionally to ensure you sand the surface evenly. Keep the sandpaper wet during the process, dipping back into the soapy water as often as necessary. Once you’ve wet sanded the entire area, switch to 2000 or 3000 grit sandpaper and repeat the process to remove any scratches left by the first stage. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812232136/https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030024522/https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161122082143/http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding"
] | train | 283 | [
{
"original_url": "https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200812232136/https://axleaddict.com/auto-repair/How-to-sand-and-polish-a-car-making-the-paint-look-brand-new",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Sand and Polish a Car so the Paint Looks Good as New",
"passages": [
"This technique is not guaranteed to work with every car. However, it will work on 90% of vehicles made after 1990 or that have been repainted within the last 15 years. Before taking any action, read this guide thoroughly and make sure you understand every step. If you have any questions, I will be around to answer, so go ahead and ask.",
"This is what is done at most auto body shops after a car is painted to ensure top-quality finishes. However, the purpose of this guide is to help anyone with an old paint job to revitalize it without spending the $300-$500 or more that the average shop will charge for this job.",
"Sandpaper, the wet sanding kind. The grades you will need are 2000 and 3000 (preferentially the foamy type) and possibly 1200 or 1500.",
"You can get all this things at an auto parts store. You might be looking at spending about 150 dollars (if you buy a buffer), but you will have a tool that will last you many years and enough supplies to do three complete buff jobs or more.",
"There are many different ways to go about this, depending on the current state of your paint job and your goal. If your paint is very dull and has many small scratches, you might want to go all the way, starting from step two. If it's in pretty good shape but you want to give it that extra shine to make it look good as new, then you might want to skip steps two through four and get straight to buffing, although step four is always recommended for that deep and slick professional look. If it's somewhere in between then you may start on step three.",
"This step is only recommended if your paint job is around 12 or more years old, has many small scratches, or looks like it was poorly painted. Before you go and sand the whole car, do a test on a small area; a lower corner in the rear bumper is a great place to do your test.",
"Should you use 1200 or 1500? It depends on how bad the paint is. Both are very similar sand grades, but while 1200 is faster, it might be harder to get rid the scratches it will make. It is up to you; I use 1500 most of the time in cases that need it. Moving on:",
"Fill a bucket with water and a small amount of soap, cut your sandpaper sheet in two halves, hold it horizontally and cut a vertical line right in the middle. Let one half sit in the water for about five minutes before you begin, then wrap your sandpaper around your sanding squeegee. If you cut your sandpaper correctly it will fold in three equal parts. Now start sanding your test area by laying your squeegee flat on the surface and sliding it left and right a few times then moving down and repeating the pattern. You can use your squeegee to dry a small area very quickly. Do this from time to time to check your progress. If you can sand to a perfectly flat finish without the color coming off (you will notice the water getting tinted if this occurs), you are good to go.",
"Do this to the entire car. Make sure not to overdo it, as you could ruin your paint. If you notice that there's color coming off, it's time to stop and move on (you should move on way before that happens). Avoid sanding in places where you won't be able to polish with the buffer, such as edges, around plastic or rubber trims, and around door handles. Rinse and and clean every part after you are done with it. We are ready to move on to step three.",
"The purpose of step three is to make any scratches caused by the 1200 or 1500 sandpaper to disappear. If you skipped step two, you will need to do the test described in that step except with 2000 grit; if your paint is fairly new, you can go straight to step four.",
"You will spend about the same amount of time wet sanding with 2000 as you did with 1200 or 1500 grit, but you will need to be more careful and keep track of the parts you are done with. For an untrained eye, there won't be a noticeable difference between the two types of scratches, so just make sure you sand evenly and thoroughly, though, once again, be careful not to overdo it. The sanding pattern is the same as in step two. Don't forget to rinse and clean each part before and after you are done.",
"Step four is basically the same as step three, but you will be using a 3000 fine-grade sandpaper. This step can (in theory) be skipped if you have a rubbing compound that will buff out 2000 grit scratches, which works mostly on lighter color cars. However step four is highly recommended if you want the ultimate finish. Another plus is that you will spend less time buffing if you do it.",
"Get ready, the best part is about to start. At this point, you might be sick of wet sanding, but you are about to find out why it was worth it. Start by making sure your buffing pad is perfectly clean and properly attached to your buffer. Make sure to avoid getting the cable in the way since it might cause a serious accident if it gets trapped by the spinning part of the buffer. One way to make sure you prevent this is to pass the cable over your shoulder, keeping the slack behind your back. This will also help you avoid scratching your paint with it.",
"Add rubbing compound and start buffing. Do this in sections of about a square foot at a time, for best results. Use an orderly motion: left to right, right to left and then down and repeat the pattern. Repeat this step until you are satisfied with the result, it usually takes about 2-3 passes to obtain an awesome shine. Never use too much speed or too much compound. Most buffers have a revolutions regulator, which you should set at mid speed. After you are satisfied with each part, do a final pass, lowering the revs a little.",
"After you are done buffing, switch to the black finishing pad. Do a slow pass with a finishing grade polish and make sure to dampen your pad a little now and then to avoid burning the paint.",
"Clean every part after you are done with it. Make sure you clean every edge very well before the polish hardens up; I recommend that you use a damp micro- fiber cloth. You can use an old toothbrush or clean paint brush to clean the places that are hard to get into, but be careful not to use too much pressure in order to avoid scratching.",
"By this point your car should look awesomely shiny but it might show the pattern that you followed with the polish if you see it under direct light. That's the reason why you will need to do this step. I recommend that you use a silicon-based hand glaze product rather than a wax-based one, simply because it gives me better results and it seems to have a longer lasting effect. Either type you choose will give your paint a thin protection layer and a little extra shine. Make sure you do this in the shade; direct sunlight might cause the glaze to dry too quickly and stain your freshly buffed car.",
"Apply a small amount directly on the first part you will glaze (a few drops is enough), then use the applier with gentle pressure to rub and smear the product evenly on that section of the car, working square foot by square foot. When the applier feels too dry to continue, add a little bit more product, but only use a few drops each time. When you are done smearing the product, let it sit for a couple of minutes. Now use a clean and very slightly damp micro- fiber cloth to clean it off. Repeat the process with the other parts until you are done with the whole car.",
"Congratulations, you are done renewing your paint. If you want it to last in this condition for much longer, you should hand glaze your car once every couple of months.",
"It's time to take your car for a ride. Be ready to receive some compliments from your friends and to turn a few heads. Good job!",
"This article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge. Content is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not substitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial, legal, or technical matters.",
"About Clyde horseman's comment, if you don't go lower than 2000 for initial sanding and you finish with 3000 that risk is very low, also there are now 5000 grit papers available which will make pretty much all the sanding scratches invisible even before polish. Sorry it took months to answer but I've updated the hub accordingly.",
"Hello G. about your question, it depends a lot on where you are and the kind of market you are tackling, I currently live and work in Mexico City, therefore I am not up to date with what is being charged in the States or other countries, but for some guidance, I think for removing some scratches, charging half of what you would charge for some color and clear coating a part would be about fare enough. However whatever you charge is entirely up to you the goal should be to make the best money you can without losing costumers due to charging too much.",
"ive been doing paint and body work for a while but ive just started a scratch removal service how much is to much to charge to sand and buff ?",
"@pablmx, I have a question about the longevity of the polish. I'm not all too familiar with autobody care, but from what I know you don't sand unless your painting! Won't the polish weather away at a much faster rate than the actual clear coat? It just makes me scared to think of sanding my car only to replace it with clear coat. Thanks.",
"Thanks Smnoman. I will be updating it soon with the most recent techniques I will also be writing some more hubs on the automotive repair and refinishing topics. If you have any suggestions on what you would like to read about I will appreciate the feed back very much.",
"Sorry for taking such a long time to answer. Your comment was the first I ever got on Hubpages so I wasn't really checking that often. Now to answer your question. If by new paint you mean recently sprayed then I would suggest that you final sand it with 2500 grit and use a white foam pad and supper duty compound both from 3M. I'm not really good with product numbering. What type of polish is that you mentioned?",
"What kind of pad do i need to use after new paint and clearcoat,and sanding it with 1500 grit sandpaper. I have a bottle of 3m 06064 polish?",
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},
"parsed_md": "How to Sand and Polish a Car so the Paint Looks Good as New | AxleAddict\n\nMORE\n\nSign InJoin\n\n8\n\n * AxleAddict\n\n»\n\n * Auto Repair\n\n»\n\n * DIY Auto Repair\n\n# How to Sand and Polish a Car so the Paint Looks Good as New\n\nUpdated on January 25, 2019\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\nmore\n\nI started a trade in the automotive body and refinishing industry which is the\nfamily trade.\n\nContact Author\n\nHow to sand and polish a vehicle. | Source\n\nThis technique is not guaranteed to work with every car. However, it will work\non 90% of vehicles made after 1990 or that have been repainted within the last\n15 years. Before taking any action, read this guide thoroughly and make sure\nyou understand every step. If you have any questions, I will be around to\nanswer, so go ahead and ask.\n\nThis is what is done at most auto body shops after a car is painted to ensure\ntop-quality finishes. However, the purpose of this guide is to help anyone\nwith an old paint job to revitalize it without spending the $300-$500 or more\nthat the average shop will charge for this job.\n\nDo this at your own risk. This technique is not guaranteed to work with every\ncar.\n\n## You Will Need\n\n * A lot of spare time. This might take you a couple of days to finish.\n * Sandpaper, the wet sanding kind. The grades you will need are 2000 and 3000 (preferentially the foamy type) and possibly 1200 or 1500.\n * A sanding squeegee\n * A couple of micro-fiber cloths\n * A bucket, water, and liquid soap\n * Medium-grade rubbing compound and fine grade polish\n * A hand-glaze product and an applier\n * A buffer tool, a buffing foam pad (white, harder foam), and a finishing foam pad (black, softer foam)\n\nYou can get all this things at an auto parts store. You might be looking at\nspending about 150 dollars (if you buy a buffer), but you will have a tool\nthat will last you many years and enough supplies to do three complete buff\njobs or more.\n\n## Step One: Evaluate\n\nThere are many different ways to go about this, depending on the current state\nof your paint job and your goal. If your paint is very dull and has many small\nscratches, you might want to go all the way, starting from step two. If it's\nin pretty good shape but you want to give it that extra shine to make it look\ngood as new, then you might want to skip steps two through four and get\nstraight to buffing, although step four is always recommended for that deep\nand slick professional look. If it's somewhere in between then you may start\non step three.\n\nA professional wet sanding one of his own vehicles.\n\n## Step Two: Test and Wet Sand With 1200 or 1500 Sandpaper\n\nThis step is only recommended if your paint job is around 12 or more years\nold, has many small scratches, or looks like it was poorly painted. Before you\ngo and sand the whole car, do a test on a small area; a lower corner in the\nrear bumper is a great place to do your test.\n\nShould you use 1200 or 1500? It depends on how bad the paint is. Both are very\nsimilar sand grades, but while 1200 is faster, it might be harder to get rid\nthe scratches it will make. It is up to you; I use 1500 most of the time in\ncases that need it. Moving on:\n\nFill a bucket with water and a small amount of soap, cut your sandpaper sheet\nin two halves, hold it horizontally and cut a vertical line right in the\nmiddle. Let one half sit in the water for about five minutes before you begin,\nthen wrap your sandpaper around your sanding squeegee. If you cut your\nsandpaper correctly it will fold in three equal parts. Now start sanding your\ntest area by laying your squeegee flat on the surface and sliding it left and\nright a few times then moving down and repeating the pattern. You can use your\nsqueegee to dry a small area very quickly. Do this from time to time to check\nyour progress. If you can sand to a perfectly flat finish without the color\ncoming off (you will notice the water getting tinted if this occurs), you are\ngood to go.\n\nDo this to the entire car. Make sure not to overdo it, as you could ruin your\npaint. If you notice that there's color coming off, it's time to stop and move\non (you should move on way before that happens). Avoid sanding in places where\nyou won't be able to polish with the buffer, such as edges, around plastic or\nrubber trims, and around door handles. Rinse and and clean every part after\nyou are done with it. We are ready to move on to step three.\n\n## Step Three and Four: Wet Sand With 2000 and 3000 Fine Grade\n\nThe purpose of step three is to make any scratches caused by the 1200 or 1500\nsandpaper to disappear. If you skipped step two, you will need to do the test\ndescribed in that step except with 2000 grit; if your paint is fairly new, you\ncan go straight to step four.\n\nYou will spend about the same amount of time wet sanding with 2000 as you did\nwith 1200 or 1500 grit, but you will need to be more careful and keep track of\nthe parts you are done with. For an untrained eye, there won't be a noticeable\ndifference between the two types of scratches, so just make sure you sand\nevenly and thoroughly, though, once again, be careful not to overdo it. The\nsanding pattern is the same as in step two. Don't forget to rinse and clean\neach part before and after you are done.\n\nStep four is basically the same as step three, but you will be using a 3000\nfine-grade sandpaper. This step can (in theory) be skipped if you have a\nrubbing compound that will buff out 2000 grit scratches, which works mostly on\nlighter color cars. However step four is highly recommended if you want the\nultimate finish. Another plus is that you will spend less time buffing if you\ndo it.\n\n## Step Five: Polish\n\nGet ready, the best part is about to start. At this point, you might be sick\nof wet sanding, but you are about to find out why it was worth it. Start by\nmaking sure your buffing pad is perfectly clean and properly attached to your\nbuffer. Make sure to avoid getting the cable in the way since it might cause a\nserious accident if it gets trapped by the spinning part of the buffer. One\nway to make sure you prevent this is to pass the cable over your shoulder,\nkeeping the slack behind your back. This will also help you avoid scratching\nyour paint with it.\n\nAdd rubbing compound and start buffing. Do this in sections of about a square\nfoot at a time, for best results. Use an orderly motion: left to right, right\nto left and then down and repeat the pattern. Repeat this step until you are\nsatisfied with the result, it usually takes about 2-3 passes to obtain an\nawesome shine. Never use too much speed or too much compound. Most buffers\nhave a revolutions regulator, which you should set at mid speed. After you are\nsatisfied with each part, do a final pass, lowering the revs a little.\n\nAfter you are done buffing, switch to the black finishing pad. Do a slow pass\nwith a finishing grade polish and make sure to dampen your pad a little now\nand then to avoid burning the paint.\n\nClean every part after you are done with it. Make sure you clean every edge\nvery well before the polish hardens up; I recommend that you use a damp micro-\nfiber cloth. You can use an old toothbrush or clean paint brush to clean the\nplaces that are hard to get into, but be careful not to use too much pressure\nin order to avoid scratching.\n\nA thoroughly glazed part before cleaning\n\n## Step Six: Hand Glaze\n\nBy this point your car should look awesomely shiny but it might show the\npattern that you followed with the polish if you see it under direct light.\nThat's the reason why you will need to do this step. I recommend that you use\na silicon-based hand glaze product rather than a wax-based one, simply because\nit gives me better results and it seems to have a longer lasting effect.\nEither type you choose will give your paint a thin protection layer and a\nlittle extra shine. Make sure you do this in the shade; direct sunlight might\ncause the glaze to dry too quickly and stain your freshly buffed car.\n\nApply a small amount directly on the first part you will glaze (a few drops is\nenough), then use the applier with gentle pressure to rub and smear the\nproduct evenly on that section of the car, working square foot by square foot.\nWhen the applier feels too dry to continue, add a little bit more product, but\nonly use a few drops each time. When you are done smearing the product, let it\nsit for a couple of minutes. Now use a clean and very slightly damp micro-\nfiber cloth to clean it off. Repeat the process with the other parts until you\nare done with the whole car.\n\nCongratulations, you are done renewing your paint. If you want it to last in\nthis condition for much longer, you should hand glaze your car once every\ncouple of months.\n\n## Enjoy!\n\nIt's time to take your car for a ride. Be ready to receive some compliments\nfrom your friends and to turn a few heads. Good job!\n\nThis article is accurate and true to the best of the author’s knowledge.\nContent is for informational or entertainment purposes only and does not\nsubstitute for personal counsel or professional advice in business, financial,\nlegal, or technical matters.\n\n## Related\n\n * Maintenance\n\n### DIY Car Body Work and Repainting\n\nby Brian1\n\n * Cars\n\n### Is Your Car a Bird Dew Magnet? A British Study Has Determined What Color\nVehicle Birds Prefer!\n\nby C E Clark54\n\n * Buying\n\n### Top 10 Used Car Buying Tips\n\nby Lela12\n\n * Maintenance\n\n### What Are the Best Spark Plugs for My Car?\n\nby Dan Ferrell1\n\n * Mechanics\n\n### How to Earn the Highest Salary as an Automotive Technician\n\nby Eddie Carrara61\n\n## Popular\n\n * DIY Auto Repair\n\n### My Engine Cranks but Won't Start\n\nby Dan Ferrell111\n\n * DIY Auto Repair\n\n### Turn Signal Problems and Diagnosis\n\nby Dan Ferrell104\n\n * DIY Auto Repair\n\n### My Car Is Leaking Fluid: Six Liquids That May Drip From a Car\n\nby Eddie Carrara901\n\n## Comments\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n4 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nAbout Clyde horseman's comment, if you don't go lower than 2000 for initial\nsanding and you finish with 3000 that risk is very low, also there are now\n5000 grit papers available which will make pretty much all the sanding\nscratches invisible even before polish. Sorry it took months to answer but\nI've updated the hub accordingly.\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n4 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nHello G. about your question, it depends a lot on where you are and the kind\nof market you are tackling, I currently live and work in Mexico City,\ntherefore I am not up to date with what is being charged in the States or\nother countries, but for some guidance, I think for removing some scratches,\ncharging half of what you would charge for some color and clear coating a part\nwould be about fare enough. However whatever you charge is entirely up to you\nthe goal should be to make the best money you can without losing costumers due\nto charging too much.\n\n * g\n\n4 years ago\n\nive been doing paint and body work for a while but ive just started a scratch\nremoval service how much is to much to charge to sand and buff ?\n\n * clyde horseman\n\n5 years ago\n\n@pablmx, I have a question about the longevity of the polish. I'm not all too\nfamiliar with autobody care, but from what I know you don't sand unless your\npainting! Won't the polish weather away at a much faster rate than the actual\nclear coat? It just makes me scared to think of sanding my car only to replace\nit with clear coat. Thanks.\n\nhttp://alloutcustomsandcollision.com/auto-body-rep...\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n5 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nThanks Smnoman. I will be updating it soon with the most recent techniques I\nwill also be writing some more hubs on the automotive repair and refinishing\ntopics. If you have any suggestions on what you would like to read about I\nwill appreciate the feed back very much.\n\n * Blogger\n\n5 years ago\n\nIts a nice hub and thanks for it.\n\n * AUTHOR\n\nPablo Marroquín\n\n5 years ago from Mexico City, Mexico\n\nSorry for taking such a long time to answer. Your comment was the first I ever\ngot on Hubpages so I wasn't really checking that often. Now to answer your\nquestion. If by new paint you mean recently sprayed then I would suggest that\nyou final sand it with 2500 grit and use a white foam pad and supper duty\ncompound both from 3M. I'm not really good with product numbering. What type\nof polish is that you mentioned?\n\n * Don\n\n5 years ago\n\nWhat kind of pad do i need to use after new paint and clearcoat,and sanding it\nwith 1500 grit sandpaper. I have a bottle of 3m 06064 polish?\n\n * About Us\n * Editorial Policy\n * Copyright\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Advertising\n\nCopyright © 2020 HubPages Inc. and respective owners. Other product and\ncompany names shown may be trademarks of their respective owners. HubPages^®\nis a registered Service Mark of HubPages, Inc. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201030024522/https://www.hotrod.com/articles/hrdp-0805-color-sanding/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Color Sand A Car",
"passages": [
"After toiling away for months, it's hard not to start rushing to finish things up after painting your project. Problem is, after that last coat of clear has been applied, there are a few more steps you need to take so your pristine new paint job can stay that way for as long as possible. While you could just take the buffer to the car for a finish that'll look good from 20 feet away, properly finishing your paint job after clearcoating will mean the difference between a good paint job and a great paint job.",
"The first thing you'll need to do after you're finished applying the clearcoat (and letting it cure properly) is color-sanding. Color-sanding is where you're smoothing out the clearcoat so when it's time to buff the paint, you get the most mirror-like finish possible. While none of this is hard to do, it does require a fair amount of time, and plenty of patience.",
"To find out the correct way to color-sand a clearcoated paint finish, we visited Lloyd's Auto Restorations in Bartow, Florida, for a simple demo of the proper steps and techniques to color-sanding. The father and son team of Lloyd and Jeff Brekke have been restoring and rebuilding cars for more than 30 years.",
"You'll need to have the proper supplies like a bucket of clean water handy (doesn't matter if it's hot or cold, but a drop of dishwashing soap helps lubricate the sanding surface), 600-grit sandpaper, and a sanding block and/or pad. The reason Jeff uses 600-grit over 1,500 or 1,200 for the first sanding is to better remove the orange peel or textured surface that's the result of multiple coats of clear that have been sprayed. The more coats of clear you spray, the more orange peel tends to build up. Starting with too fine a paper will not cut off the high points but rather round them over.",
"For curvy surfaces on body panels, Jeff likes to use a rubber sanding pad because it better conforms to the shape of the panel's surface, ensuring even sanding and preventing you from creating grooves from the edges of the paper or a block.",
"On flat surfaces, Jeff uses a standard sanding block. He sands in various directions to make sure he sands evenly and reduces the risk of sanding too much in one spot of the clearcoat. This step requires you only dip the block in water and use a wet rag to keep the surface lightly wet, not saturated like in future steps.",
"After sanding an area, wipe it down with a clean, dry towel to check for high spots. Use an air nozzle to help dry if necessary. After the surface is dry, if you have high spots, which show as the dull areas and low spots which show as the darker or unsanded areas, this is what they'll look like. You need to sand with the 600-grit wet until all the spots like these are gone.",
"Repeat the sanding and drying process often to check your progress so as not to remove any more clear than necessary. While color-sanding involves a fair amount of labor, the most important thing is patience. Making sure you've sanded the clearcoat evenly in step one goes a long way toward making sure your paint will look its best after buffing. And don't even think about using a power sander.",
"Here's a great example of where the sanding pad is very useful. On curves in the panel like this, the pad will keep the sandpaper evenly on the panel's surface so you don't risk digging into the clearcoat and sanding through to the base/colorcoat.",
"The guidecoat is nothing more than an over-reduced, noncatalyzed primer or nonmetallic base color to help show the scratches left from step one (600-grit wet-sanding) and fill them in to make them more visible for the next step.",
"A guidecoat should be applied very lightly. If you're wondering how lightly, Jeff demonstrates here. Our test panel was sprayed so lightly that Jeff can wipe off the dry guidecoat with his fingers in an area that was not sanded.",
"This picture shows the difference between an unsanded surface (arrow A) and a surface that was sanded with 600-grit paper after the guidecoat was applied. You can see where the sanded surface (the part of the two stripes that isn't clear, arrow B) retains the guidecoat. Filling in these scratches allows them to be visible in the next step. This is why it's not a good idea to use guidecoat for the first sanding in 600-grit, it will plug the sandpaper before removing any clear.",
"Using 2,000-grit paper, wet-sand the whole surface you just applied the guidecoat to. Why a 2,000-grit paper? Jeff says the 2,000 removes the 600 scratches just fine and leaves a finer scratch to buff after color-sanding is done, which requires less buffing in the end. Always keep the surface wet and have good lighting when doing the final sanding process, it makes the scratches easier to see so you know when you've sanded enough.",
"Beware of edges. For curvy areas near edges use the sanding pad and sand alternating strokes both parallel and 45 degrees with the edges. This will help prevent you from removing too much edge and sanding through the clearcoat and even basecoat on the panel.",
"...compared with the same surface dry. See how the scratches/low spots are easier to see in the wet photo compared with the dry photo?",
"Here you can see how the sanding pad keeps the paper from digging into the edge of the decklid we were using for our demo. If you sand too far into one of these edges, you can end up with little or no protection on your basecoat, which'll invite fading, peeling and rust later on in the car's life.",
"Another advantage to using the sanding pad in this area is being able to sand slight curved areas. In this photo you can see the unsanded area near the edge because the rigid sanding block couldn't keep the paper mated to this part of the panel's surface.",
"Here's what the properly sanded surface will look like after, wet-sanding with 2,000-grit sandpaper. This surface, once cleaned with some soapy water will be ready for finish-buffing with a variable-speed buffer.",
"In case anyone asks why, here's an example of what happens if you don't use some sort of sanding block or pad. Here Jeff took a sheet of sandpaper, and using his fingers ran it over the painted surface. The three dark areas are where the paper was sanding, while the lighter areas are where the paper never removed the guidecoat. Sanding this way increases the risk of creating highs and lows in the clearcoat surface.",
"To contrast, here Jeff used the sanding pad (arrow). You can see where the sanding pad more evenly kept the sandpaper in contact with the painted surface, ensuring even sanding."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Color-Sanding - How to Color Sand A Car - Hot Rod\n\n 1. home\n 2. how to\n 3. paint body\n 4. How to Color Sand - 125 Steps To Perfect Paint\n\n# How to Color Sand - 125 Steps To Perfect Paint\n\n#### A step-by-step guide to color-sanding\n\nwpengineWords\n\nApr 15, 2008\n\nAfter toiling away for months, it's hard not to start rushing to finish things\nup after painting your project. Problem is, after that last coat of clear has\nbeen applied, there are a few more steps you need to take so your pristine new\npaint job can stay that way for as long as possible. While you could just take\nthe buffer to the car for a finish that'll look good from 20 feet away,\nproperly finishing your paint job after clearcoating will mean the difference\nbetween a good paint job and a great paint job.\n\nThe first thing you'll need to do after you're finished applying the clearcoat\n(and letting it cure properly) is color-sanding. Color-sanding is where you're\nsmoothing out the clearcoat so when it's time to buff the paint, you get the\nmost mirror-like finish possible. While none of this is hard to do, it does\nrequire a fair amount of time, and plenty of patience.\n\nTo find out the correct way to color-sand a clearcoated paint finish, we\nvisited Lloyd's Auto Restorations in Bartow, Florida, for a simple demo of the\nproper steps and techniques to color-sanding. The father and son team of Lloyd\nand Jeff Brekke have been restoring and rebuilding cars for more than 30\nyears.\n\n## Steps For Color-Sanding Cars\n\nYou'll need to have the proper supplies like a bucket of clean water handy\n(doesn't matter if it's hot or cold, but a drop of dishwashing soap helps\nlubricate the sanding surface), 600-grit sandpaper, and a sanding block and/or\npad. The reason Jeff uses 600-grit over 1,500 or 1,200 for the first sanding\nis to better remove the orange peel or textured surface that's the result of\nmultiple coats of clear that have been sprayed. The more coats of clear you\nspray, the more orange peel tends to build up. Starting with too fine a paper\nwill not cut off the high points but rather round them over.\n\nFor curvy surfaces on body panels, Jeff likes to use a rubber sanding pad\nbecause it better conforms to the shape of the panel's surface, ensuring even\nsanding and preventing you from creating grooves from the edges of the paper\nor a block.\n\nOn flat surfaces, Jeff uses a standard sanding block. He sands in various\ndirections to make sure he sands evenly and reduces the risk of sanding too\nmuch in one spot of the clearcoat. This step requires you only dip the block\nin water and use a wet rag to keep the surface lightly wet, not saturated like\nin future steps.\n\n## Wipe It With Clean Towel\n\nAfter sanding an area, wipe it down with a clean, dry towel to check for high\nspots. Use an air nozzle to help dry if necessary. After the surface is dry,\nif you have high spots, which show as the dull areas and low spots which show\nas the darker or unsanded areas, this is what they'll look like. You need to\nsand with the 600-grit wet until all the spots like these are gone.\n\n## Repeat Sanding and Drying Process\n\nRepeat the sanding and drying process often to check your progress so as not\nto remove any more clear than necessary. While color-sanding involves a fair\namount of labor, the most important thing is patience. Making sure you've\nsanded the clearcoat evenly in step one goes a long way toward making sure\nyour paint will look its best after buffing. And don't even think about using\na power sander.\n\nHere's a great example of where the sanding pad is very useful. On curves in\nthe panel like this, the pad will keep the sandpaper evenly on the panel's\nsurface so you don't risk digging into the clearcoat and sanding through to\nthe base/colorcoat.\n\nThe guidecoat is nothing more than an over-reduced, noncatalyzed primer or\nnonmetallic base color to help show the scratches left from step one (600-grit\nwet-sanding) and fill them in to make them more visible for the next step.\n\n## Apply Guidecoat Lightly\n\nA guidecoat should be applied very lightly. If you're wondering how lightly,\nJeff demonstrates here. Our test panel was sprayed so lightly that Jeff can\nwipe off the dry guidecoat with his fingers in an area that was not sanded.\n\nThis picture shows the difference between an unsanded surface (arrow A) and a\nsurface that was sanded with 600-grit paper after the guidecoat was applied.\nYou can see where the sanded surface (the part of the two stripes that isn't\nclear, arrow B) retains the guidecoat. Filling in these scratches allows them\nto be visible in the next step. This is why it's not a good idea to use\nguidecoat for the first sanding in 600-grit, it will plug the sandpaper before\nremoving any clear.\n\nWith the guidecoat properly applied, it's time for the next step in our color-\nsanding process.\n\n## Wet-Sand Entire Surface Area\n\nUsing 2,000-grit paper, wet-sand the whole surface you just applied the\nguidecoat to. Why a 2,000-grit paper? Jeff says the 2,000 removes the 600\nscratches just fine and leaves a finer scratch to buff after color-sanding is\ndone, which requires less buffing in the end. Always keep the surface wet and\nhave good lighting when doing the final sanding process, it makes the\nscratches easier to see so you know when you've sanded enough.\n\nBeware of edges. For curvy areas near edges use the sanding pad and sand\nalternating strokes both parallel and 45 degrees with the edges. This will\nhelp prevent you from removing too much edge and sanding through the clearcoat\nand even basecoat on the panel.\n\nHere's how the 2000-grit sanded surface looks wet...\n\n...compared with the same surface dry. See how the scratches/low spots are\neasier to see in the wet photo compared with the dry photo?\n\nHere you can see how the sanding pad keeps the paper from digging into the\nedge of the decklid we were using for our demo. If you sand too far into one\nof these edges, you can end up with little or no protection on your basecoat,\nwhich'll invite fading, peeling and rust later on in the car's life.\n\nAnother advantage to using the sanding pad in this area is being able to sand\nslight curved areas. In this photo you can see the unsanded area near the edge\nbecause the rigid sanding block couldn't keep the paper mated to this part of\nthe panel's surface.\n\nHere's what the properly sanded surface will look like after, wet-sanding with\n2,000-grit sandpaper. This surface, once cleaned with some soapy water will be\nready for finish-buffing with a variable-speed buffer.\n\nIn case anyone asks why, here's an example of what happens if you don't use\nsome sort of sanding block or pad. Here Jeff took a sheet of sandpaper, and\nusing his fingers ran it over the painted surface. The three dark areas are\nwhere the paper was sanding, while the lighter areas are where the paper never\nremoved the guidecoat. Sanding this way increases the risk of creating highs\nand lows in the clearcoat surface.\n\nTo contrast, here Jeff used the sanding pad (arrow). You can see where the\nsanding pad more evenly kept the sandpaper in contact with the painted\nsurface, ensuring even sanding.\n\nTHE LATEST IN CAR NEWS\n\n### EMAIL NEWSLETTER SIGN-UP!\n\n#### Editor-Curated Stories Directly to Your Inbox!\n\n#### Hot Reads\n\n * ###### Why Is the Roadkill Crew Always Driving in the Dirt?\n\n * ###### 10 Weird GM Muscle Cars You’ve Never Heard Of\n\n * ###### In Memory of Fat Jack Robinson\n\n * ###### How Is a NASCAR Race Car Built? Behind the Scenes at Richard Childress Racing\n\n * ###### When HOT ROD's 1957 Plymouth Set a Top-Speed Record at NASCAR’s Speedweek\n\nShare on FacebookShare on Twitter\n\nConnect on FacebookConnect on TwitterConnect on Instagram\n\n###### MOTOR TREND NETWORK\n\n 1. Motor Trend|\n 2. Automobile Magazine|\n 3. Truck Trend|\n 4. Four Wheeler|\n 5. Super Street|\n 6. Low Rider\n\n© 2020 Hot Rod | MOTOR TREND GROUP, LLC.\n\nALL RIGHTS RESERVED.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161122082143/http://www.drbeasleys.com:80/blog/2014/03/21/wet-sanding",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "When, Where, and How to Do it!",
"passages": [
"Do-It-Yourselfers and novice detailers often ask, “When do I turn to wet- sanding as the best form of paint correction for my vehicle?” It is a question without a simple answer, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t a few different answers, so let us start by putting the question into perspective.",
"The clear coat on your automobile is thinner than a dollar bill. Most paint correction specialists agree that since the top one-third of it is mostly UV protection, you would not want to remove more than 25 percent of it over the lifetime of the vehicle. Given the delicate nature of the paint and clear coat, the idea of using an abrasive like wet sand is enough to make any car lover squeamish.",
"Then consider the cost of “clear coat failure” ― a catastrophic term for the damage caused by a technician’s miscalculation or mistake in judgment while repairing a defect.",
"As Mike Phillips, one of the auto appearance industry’s most knowledgeable experts, says, “...In all the years I’ve been teaching classes... most of the people that sign-up for the advanced class to learn how to wet sand, after they learn how to do it and what’s involved, they find they don’t really want to do it.”",
"Now, by this point you may start to ask yourself the question, “If wet sanding is so dangerous, why is it used and why is it offered in every advanced detailing and paint correction seminar?” We respond to that question with a simple answer: Wet sanding is absolutely the most effective means for removing surface paint defects.",
"The catch here is that it should only be done by someone with proper training. And even then a skilled professional should use a paint gauge to first check the thickness of the paint and clear coat to ensure it will support a wet sanding process.",
"That said, body shops use wet sanding on a much larger level. They use it to even out new paint, to smooth out small runs and sags, to “knock down” orange peel, and remove any debris that fell on the paint while it was wet. By following up the wet sanding with a rubbing compound, the paint will virtually come back to life and give the vehicle the smooth, glassy look car owners love; however, unless you are painting an entire car by yourself, you are not likely to use wet sanding in that way.",
"In terms of using wet sanding for larger jobs, we recommend exhausting all other options first. For instance, you may want to apply a compound to the entire vehicle first ― something like Correcting Polish, which is remarkably abrasive. If CP does not remove the deeper scratches or acid rain etching, you can then spot sand those spots.",
"Keep in mind that compounding or wet sanding does remove clear coat. Many detailers feel you have some wiggle room with the UV layers in the clear coat; however, one-third of the thickness of a Ziploc sandwich bag isn’t much at all, and one color correction is not the end of it. Assuming you or the car owner keeps the car for several years, you will require multiple cleanings, polishing, and in perfect cases, an annual color correction to maintain the paint and keep it free from swirls. You do not want to cut it so close on the first correction that you have no room to go from there.",
"One of the less dangerous applications for wet sanding is in leveling touch- ups. By going lightly over a few localized spots with wet sandpaper, technicians can use spot sanding to “haze up” the paint enough to make polishing easier",
"There are also cases where wet sanding is more effective than compounding. It doesn’t create the amount of heat that compounding does, yet, it is easy to get too aggressive. Mastering the “right touch” takes practice and finesse. In the same way you can burn the paint with a rotary buffer if not handled correctly, you can dig too deep with sand grit.",
"As many professionals admit, neither compounding nor wet sanding is for the weak at heart. Even the most experienced detailing and paint correction specialists are aware they have very little room for mistakes and they would not risk weakening the paint or clear coat on a $100,000 automobile any more than they would a $15,000 vehicle. Again, according to Mike Phillips, “Sanding is the easy part. That is putting scratches into the paint. The tricky part is getting them out.”",
"There are times when wet sanding simply will not work, for instance defects that are deep enough that they cut through the clear coat and paint, all the way to the metal. This is common in vehicles that sit outside, uncovered for a couple of years, and suffer from deep acid rain etching. We also do not recommend using wet sand to remove contaminants since clay bar is the best way to do that. And here is another tip: never wet sand the basecoat! The basecoat is very thin and provides all the color on the vehicle. If you try it, you will find yourself sanding metal with a visit to the closest paint and body shop in your future!",
"On the other hand, I think personality has a lot to do with it. Most of the detailers I know approach the paint on every car with the same intolerance for imperfections that make them geniuses at their trade. If there are still heavy imperfections you feel compelled to remove or lighten, after compounding, buffing, and polishing have failed, then spot wet sanding is the best process for doing that.",
"This compulsion to remove flaws the average customer would never notice, lead some to claim paint correction professionals do it for the money they can charge. I find that unlikely since most of them are much more concerned about the quality of their work than the monetary return. Multistage paint correction is a passion rarely if ever driven by money.",
"Over all, it is good to have a healthy skepticism about when to wet sand, but fear should not prevent you from doing it if experience and training back up the need. So wrapping up, “When do I turn to wet-sanding as the best form of paint correction for a vehicle?”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Wet Sanding - When, Where, and How to Do it!\n\n * HOME\n * ABOUT US\n * DETAILING TIPS\n * HOW TO\n * MEDIA\n\n * PHOTOS\n * VIDEOS\n * CATEGORIES\n\n * Beginner’s Guide to Detailing\n * How To\n * Matte Car Care\n * Motorcycle Care\n * Paintwork Protection\n * Product Previews\n * Professional Detailers\n * Remove Scratches from Black Paint\n * Removing Car Smells\n * The Detail\n * The Future of Detailing\n * Tips\n * Tool Reviews\n * ASK THE DOCTOR\n\n# Wet Sanding – Who? What? Where? When? How?\n\nPosted by Jim Lafeber on 03.21.14\n\nTo Sand or Not to Sand.... That is the Question!\n\nDo-It-Yourselfers and novice detailers often ask, “When do I turn to wet-\nsanding as the best form of paint correction for my vehicle?” It is a question\nwithout a simple answer, but that doesn’t mean there aren’t a few different\nanswers, so let us start by putting the question into perspective.\n\nThe clear coat on your automobile is thinner than a dollar bill. Most paint\ncorrection specialists agree that since the top one-third of it is mostly UV\nprotection, you would not want to remove more than 25 percent of it over the\nlifetime of the vehicle. Given the delicate nature of the paint and clear\ncoat, the idea of using an abrasive like wet sand is enough to make any car\nlover squeamish.\n\nThen consider the cost of “clear coat failure” ― a catastrophic term for the\ndamage caused by a technician’s miscalculation or mistake in judgment while\nrepairing a defect.\n\nAs Mike Phillips, one of the auto appearance industry’s most knowledgeable\nexperts, says, “...In all the years I’ve been teaching classes... most of the\npeople that sign-up for the advanced class to learn how to wet sand, after\nthey learn how to do it and what’s involved, they find they don’t really want\nto do it.”\n\nNow, by this point you may start to ask yourself the question, “If wet sanding\nis so dangerous, why is it used and why is it offered in every advanced\ndetailing and paint correction seminar?” We respond to that question with a\nsimple answer: Wet sanding is absolutely the most effective means for removing\nsurface paint defects.\n\nThe catch here is that it should only be done by someone with proper training.\nAnd even then a skilled professional should use a paint gauge to first check\nthe thickness of the paint and clear coat to ensure it will support a wet\nsanding process.\n\nThat said, body shops use wet sanding on a much larger level. They use it to\neven out new paint, to smooth out small runs and sags, to “knock down” orange\npeel, and remove any debris that fell on the paint while it was wet. By\nfollowing up the wet sanding with a rubbing compound, the paint will virtually\ncome back to life and give the vehicle the smooth, glassy look car owners\nlove; however, unless you are painting an entire car by yourself, you are not\nlikely to use wet sanding in that way.\n\nIn terms of using wet sanding for larger jobs, we recommend exhausting all\nother options first. For instance, you may want to apply a compound to the\nentire vehicle first ― something like Correcting Polish, which is remarkably\nabrasive. If CP does not remove the deeper scratches or acid rain etching, you\ncan then spot sand those spots.\n\nKeep in mind that compounding or wet sanding does remove clear coat. Many\ndetailers feel you have some wiggle room with the UV layers in the clear coat;\nhowever, one-third of the thickness of a Ziploc sandwich bag isn’t much at\nall, and one color correction is not the end of it. Assuming you or the car\nowner keeps the car for several years, you will require multiple cleanings,\npolishing, and in perfect cases, an annual color correction to maintain the\npaint and keep it free from swirls. You do not want to cut it so close on the\nfirst correction that you have no room to go from there.\n\nOne of the less dangerous applications for wet sanding is in leveling touch-\nups. By going lightly over a few localized spots with wet sandpaper,\ntechnicians can use spot sanding to “haze up” the paint enough to make\npolishing easier\n\nThere are also cases where wet sanding is more effective than compounding. It\ndoesn’t create the amount of heat that compounding does, yet, it is easy to\nget too aggressive. Mastering the “right touch” takes practice and finesse. In\nthe same way you can burn the paint with a rotary buffer if not handled\ncorrectly, you can dig too deep with sand grit.\n\nAs many professionals admit, neither compounding nor wet sanding is for the\nweak at heart. Even the most experienced detailing and paint correction\nspecialists are aware they have very little room for mistakes and they would\nnot risk weakening the paint or clear coat on a $100,000 automobile any more\nthan they would a $15,000 vehicle. Again, according to Mike Phillips, “Sanding\nis the easy part. That is putting scratches into the paint. The tricky part is\ngetting them out.”\n\nThere are times when wet sanding simply will not work, for instance defects\nthat are deep enough that they cut through the clear coat and paint, all the\nway to the metal. This is common in vehicles that sit outside, uncovered for a\ncouple of years, and suffer from deep acid rain etching. We also do not\nrecommend using wet sand to remove contaminants since clay bar is the best way\nto do that. And here is another tip: never wet sand the basecoat! The basecoat\nis very thin and provides all the color on the vehicle. If you try it, you\nwill find yourself sanding metal with a visit to the closest paint and body\nshop in your future!\n\nOn the other hand, I think personality has a lot to do with it. Most of the\ndetailers I know approach the paint on every car with the same intolerance for\nimperfections that make them geniuses at their trade. If there are still heavy\nimperfections you feel compelled to remove or lighten, after compounding,\nbuffing, and polishing have failed, then spot wet sanding is the best process\nfor doing that.\n\nThis compulsion to remove flaws the average customer would never notice, lead\nsome to claim paint correction professionals do it for the money they can\ncharge. I find that unlikely since most of them are much more concerned about\nthe quality of their work than the monetary return. Multistage paint\ncorrection is a passion rarely if ever driven by money.\n\nOver all, it is good to have a healthy skepticism about when to wet sand, but\nfear should not prevent you from doing it if experience and training back up\nthe need. So wrapping up, “When do I turn to wet-sanding as the best form of\npaint correction for a vehicle?”\n\nOur short answer is, “Not often, but occasionally, and carefully!”\n\nCategories: Behind the Detail, Featured, How To, Professional Detailers, Tips\n\nTags: correction, polishing, Scratching, wet sanding\n\n * Pingback: Removing Skunk Spray From a Painted Car - The Mystery()\n\n#### LET’S CONNECT\n\nTwitterFlickrFacebookGoogle+YoutubePinterest\n\n### VISIT OUR ONLINE STORE\n\n### DOWNLOAD WALLPAPER OF THE WEEK\n\n#### CATEGORIES\n\n * Beginner’s Guide to Detailing\n * Remove Scratches from Black Paint\n * Behind the Detail\n * Removing Car Smells\n * How To\n * The Detail\n * Matte Car Care\n * The Future of Detailing\n * Motorcycle Care\n * Tips\n * Paintwork Protection\n * Tool Reviews\n * Product Previews\n * Videos & Media\n * Professional Detailers\n\n#### POPULAR POSTS\n\n * Top 5 Leather Cleaning Tips\n * What's The Deal With Orange Peel?\n * Pros and Cons of Clear Bra Paint Protection Film\n * Wheelz Up 2015 Porsche GT3\n * Our Nano Coating on a Mercedes E220 by Tansel Detailing\n\nAvatars by Sterling Adventures\n\n© 2013 Behind the Detail | Dr. Beasley's, Inc.\n\n"
}
] |
3,520,483 | How To Caulk a Shower | To caulk a shower, start by lining the joints you'll be caulking with painter's tape, which will help keep the caulk straight and uniform. Then, load a caulk gun with caulk designed specifically for use in showers. When you're ready, position the tip of the caulk gun at the beginning of one of the joints, and squeeze the handle so caulk starts coming out. As you're squeezing the handle, move the caulk gun along the joint. Once you're finished filling in the joint, smooth out the caulk with your finger while it's still wet. Repeat the process with the rest of the joints in the shower. Finally, remove the painter's tape while the caulk is still wet, and let the caulk cure for 24 hours before using the shower. | [
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127005758/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190214120128/https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190723230026/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160808220740/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20131007045106/http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160713133015/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170105191024/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all"
] | train | 1,998 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191224113407/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/ideas/laying-down-perfect-bead",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Laying Down A Perfect Bead",
"passages": [
"Caulking is a common maintenance task. But doing it well takes some skill and an understanding of which caulk to use.",
"On the surface, caulking seems the simplest of homeowner projects, but anyone who has ever sealed around a bathtub knows it's easy for this type of job to turn into a real mess. It takes practice to lay down a perfect bead of caulk. That's why tradespeople who do it daily, like tilesetters and painters, are so good at it. Caulking also requires the knowledge to select the right caulk for the job. There are dozens of dissimilar materials such as tile, wood and vinyl that require bonding and/or gap filling around your home, and no one single product works everywhere. But help is on the way. We'll show you how to buy the right caulk and how to lay down that elusive perfect bead.",
"1. Whether you're caulking with a gun or a squeeze tube (a wise choice for small jobs that call for a water-based caulk), keep the tip moving and try to maintain steady dispensing pressure for an even bead.",
"3. It's best to tool silicone and polyurethane joints with a plastic spoon or a caulk tool. For poly caulk, wet the tool surface with solvent to get smooth results with this super- sticky material.",
"Even though there are now more different types of caulk and sealant available than ever before, it's actually easier to find the right product. In a welcome change, many manufacturers use large, job-specific labels on cartridges and tubes. You don't have to read the fine print to learn about recommended uses. But it's still important to understand which basic type of caulk is being offered. For one thing, chemistry has an impact on the broad price range you'll see in the caulk aisle: A 10-oz. cartridge costs from $1 to $7.50 or more. Chemical content also determines some important general characteristics, such as how easily caulk joints can be shaped, or tooled, whether a caulk can be painted and how durable it is.",
"New caulks are always hitting the market, so knowing something about their chemistry can signal how big an advancement a new product really is. For example, the downside of silicone caulk is that you can't paint it. But DAP's Paintable Silicone Sealant is a true water-based silicone caulk that can be painted. It's also easy to work and odorless. And instead of using mineral spirits to clean it up, you can use soap and water. Here's a look at the four types of caulk.",
"Rubber caulks. These products are made with rubber compounds like butyl, isoprene, butadiene, nitrile and styrene. Rubber caulks typically offer good adhesion and excellent water resistance; you can even apply them to damp surfaces. But their solvents are highly flammable and dangerous to breathe, so don't use these caulks indoors. Rubber caulks are especially sticky and difficult to tool, and they will shrink as they cure. Without any tooling, a round bead will dry fairly flat.",
"Latex caulks. Also labeled as acrylic or vinyl caulks and sealants, these water-based products are the easiest to use, will handle the broadest range of applications and are often the least expensive. However, many latex caulks aren't as durable as more expensive options. \"Siliconized\" latex caulks contain small amounts of silicone for improved durability and adhesion.",
"Latex caulks don't contain volatile solvents that pose fire and health hazards, and joints are easy to tool. But avoid removing too much material when tooling, because shrinkage will further reduce the width of the caulk joint. A broad range of colors is available, including hues that match most plumbing fixtures. Water-based caulks can be also be painted.",
"Silicone caulks. These products stay flexible at all temperatures, are completely waterproof and adhere to a wide range of materials. They are excellent all-weather caulks that can also be used in wet indoor locations, primarily around tubs and shower stalls. However, because silicone is expensive and offers poor tear and abrasion resistance, it's not a good choice in high-traffic areas. Except in water-based versions, this family of caulks is unpaintable and difficult to tool. Among solvent-based silicones, caulks or sealants labeled \"neutral cure\" or \"odorless\" are preferable because they don't give off any unpleasant odor as they cure. Plus, the acetic acid produced as \"smelly\" silicones cure can corrode certain metals and masonry surfaces.",
"Polyurethane sealants. Just like polyurethane varnishes, this family of caulks and sealants is superdurable. Abrasion and tear resistance are superior to silicone, and the caulk is highly adhesive, waterproof and flexible. Shrinkage is minimal, and most polyurethane formulations can be painted or stained. Because it's expensive, this caulk should be used sparingly -- only where strength, durability and weather resistance are important. Tooling is messy and difficult, and you need to clean up with solvent.",
"Existing caulk (especially silicone and poly) must be completely removed before new caulk can go on. Use a sharp utility knife or a narrow chisel, and brush or vacuum out all loose debris. Rubbing alcohol removes soap scum on tubs; a blow-dryer set on low will dry up damp joints.",
"Caulking guns. There is a difference in caulking guns. Look for heavier-gauge metal, a built-in cutter for the tip of the tube and an integral steel pin for puncturing the seal. Most pros prefer a solid-shaft gun that advances with a cam over the notched-shaft type, citing more even pressure on the piston, which results in a smoother bead. These guns cost $5 to $7 each.",
"But not all jobs call for a gun; there are two other types of dispensers that can make a job easier. For example, 5-oz. squeeze tubes are great for small, interior jobs. And 7-oz. pressurized cans let you lay down a uniform bead when working with only one hand, such as when caulking overhead.",
"Getting ready. Before you open the tube, make sure the temperature and conditions are right for application. \"When the weather turns cold, I take my caulk out of the truck and store it indoors,\"explains Jeff Younkin, a remodeler based in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. \"Many caulks are difficult to work in cold weather, so it makes sense to keep them warm as long as possible.\"The working temperature range of caulk varies by type; check the label.",
"Another important factor in application is how you cut the tip of the tube. The biggest mistake is cutting too far down, creating an opening that's too big. The opening should be slightly smaller than the bead you'll apply. Also, cut the tube at an angle (up to 45 degrees); some pros use a nearly straight cut, arguing this makes caulking into interior corners easier.",
"If the crack you're filling is deeper than 1/2 in., you must wedge flexible backer rod (available where caulk is sold) into the joint so the caulk is limited to a depth of 3/8 in. The ideal width for a bead is also less than 3/8 in. It's easy to ignore this step, but the price you'll pay later is an open caulk joint.",
"Letting it flow. If you're not confident of your caulking skills and are laying down a bead that will show, consider applying masking tape to both sides of the joint before caulking. Then remove the tape as soon as you've finished tooling. When caulking, keep the gun (or squeeze tube) moving so you leave an even bead. You can either push or pull the tube, whichever is most comfortable for you. As you near the end of the joint, press the release lever on your gun (or withdraw the piston slightly) to stop the flow of caulk. When applying a long bead, break it up into shorter sections. \"I often apply and tool just several feet at a time,\"says Younkin. \"I get one section to look the way I want and then move on to the next.\"",
"Tooling. Be extra cautious about overapplying silicone and polyurethane caulks because these sealants are difficult to tool and messy. Tool butyl, silicone and polyurethane caulks with a caulking tool or a plastic spoon. (Water-based caulks can be tooled with a moistened finger.) Standard-cure silicone is tricky because it's very sticky and must be cleaned up quickly -- once cured, silicone yields only to a razor blade.",
"For smooth results with butyl and polyurethane, make sure to dip your spoon or tool in solvent. Also have the proper cleanup gear handy: a moistened sponge if you're using water-based caulk, or solvent and clean rags with other sealants.",
"The replaceable tip that comes with some caulks can be used to seal a partially used tube. But caulk will still harden in the tip. If you're lucky, your first few trigger squeezes will push the hard material free, but often it requires the help of a 16d nail or the purchase of a new tube.",
"Rubber Caulks What the label say: Butyl or rubber caulk; asphalt filler; roof or gutter sealant. Price: $2 to $3.50 Main uses: Sealing and repairing aluminum gutters; caulking aluminum flashing; filling cracks in asphalt; sealing siding around doors and windows. Cleanup: mineral spirits or lacquer thinner.",
"Latex Caulks What the label say: Latex; acrylic; vinyl; siliconized acrylic caulk. Price: $1 to $5 Main uses: Utility caulking for nearly all interior and some exterior sealing. Cleanup: water.",
"Silicone Caulks What the label say: Silicone; Silicone II^TM; 100 percent silicone sealant and caulk. Price: $4 to $7 Main uses: Sealing around tubs, shower stalls and sinks; caulking exterior trim; repairing gutters; sealing or caulking against aluminum, glass and other nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral spirits.",
"Polyurethane Sealants What the label say: Marine adhesive; polyurethane window and siding caulk; polyurethane concrete/masonry sealant. Price: $3.50 to $7.50 Main uses: Sealing control joints in concrete; repairing cracked masonry; exterior caulking around windows and doors; repairing cracked vinyl siding; bridging gaps between porous and nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral spirits."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Laying Down A Perfect Bead | This Old House\n\nSkip to main content\n\n##### Sign up today for our FREE email newsletters and get helpful tips\ndelivered to your email inbox\n\nX\n\nTrending: Streaming App | Clearstory | Pro2Pro | Check TOH TV Listings | DIY\nSmarts\n\nHome>Ideas | More in Workshops\n\n# Laying Down A Perfect Bead\n\nCaulking is a common maintenance task. But doing it well takes some skill and\nan understanding of which caulk to use.\n\nBy Tim Snyder of Today's Homeowner\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\nOn the surface, caulking seems the simplest of homeowner projects, but anyone\nwho has ever sealed around a bathtub knows it's easy for this type of job to\nturn into a real mess. It takes practice to lay down a perfect bead of caulk.\nThat's why tradespeople who do it daily, like tilesetters and painters, are so\ngood at it. Caulking also requires the knowledge to select the right caulk for\nthe job. There are dozens of dissimilar materials such as tile, wood and vinyl\nthat require bonding and/or gap filling around your home, and no one single\nproduct works everywhere. But help is on the way. We'll show you how to buy\nthe right caulk and how to lay down that elusive perfect bead.\n\n1\\. Whether you're caulking with a gun or a squeeze tube (a wise choice for\nsmall jobs that call for a water-based caulk), keep the tip moving and try to\nmaintain steady dispensing pressure for an even bead.\n\n2\\. An index finger works fine when tooling a bead of water-based caulk. An\nice cube is another alternative.\n\n3\\. It's best to tool silicone and polyurethane joints with a plastic spoon or\na caulk tool. For poly caulk, wet the tool surface with solvent to get smooth\nresults with this super- sticky material.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## Choosing the right caulk\n\nEven though there are now more different types of caulk and sealant available\nthan ever before, it's actually easier to find the right product. In a welcome\nchange, many manufacturers use large, job-specific labels on cartridges and\ntubes. You don't have to read the fine print to learn about recommended uses.\nBut it's still important to understand which basic type of caulk is being\noffered. For one thing, chemistry has an impact on the broad price range\nyou'll see in the caulk aisle: A 10-oz. cartridge costs from $1 to $7.50 or\nmore. Chemical content also determines some important general characteristics,\nsuch as how easily caulk joints can be shaped, or tooled, whether a caulk can\nbe painted and how durable it is.\n\nNew caulks are always hitting the market, so knowing something about their\nchemistry can signal how big an advancement a new product really is. For\nexample, the downside of silicone caulk is that you can't paint it. But DAP's\nPaintable Silicone Sealant is a true water-based silicone caulk that can be\npainted. It's also easy to work and odorless. And instead of using mineral\nspirits to clean it up, you can use soap and water. Here's a look at the four\ntypes of caulk.\n\nRubber caulks. These products are made with rubber compounds like butyl,\nisoprene, butadiene, nitrile and styrene. Rubber caulks typically offer good\nadhesion and excellent water resistance; you can even apply them to damp\nsurfaces. But their solvents are highly flammable and dangerous to breathe, so\ndon't use these caulks indoors. Rubber caulks are especially sticky and\ndifficult to tool, and they will shrink as they cure. Without any tooling, a\nround bead will dry fairly flat.\n\nLatex caulks. Also labeled as acrylic or vinyl caulks and sealants, these\nwater-based products are the easiest to use, will handle the broadest range of\napplications and are often the least expensive. However, many latex caulks\naren't as durable as more expensive options. \"Siliconized\" latex caulks\ncontain small amounts of silicone for improved durability and adhesion.\n\nLatex caulks don't contain volatile solvents that pose fire and health\nhazards, and joints are easy to tool. But avoid removing too much material\nwhen tooling, because shrinkage will further reduce the width of the caulk\njoint. A broad range of colors is available, including hues that match most\nplumbing fixtures. Water-based caulks can be also be painted.\n\nSilicone caulks. These products stay flexible at all temperatures, are\ncompletely waterproof and adhere to a wide range of materials. They are\nexcellent all-weather caulks that can also be used in wet indoor locations,\nprimarily around tubs and shower stalls. However, because silicone is\nexpensive and offers poor tear and abrasion resistance, it's not a good choice\nin high-traffic areas. Except in water-based versions, this family of caulks\nis unpaintable and difficult to tool. Among solvent-based silicones, caulks or\nsealants labeled \"neutral cure\" or \"odorless\" are preferable because they\ndon't give off any unpleasant odor as they cure. Plus, the acetic acid\nproduced as \"smelly\" silicones cure can corrode certain metals and masonry\nsurfaces.\n\nPolyurethane sealants. Just like polyurethane varnishes, this family of caulks\nand sealants is superdurable. Abrasion and tear resistance are superior to\nsilicone, and the caulk is highly adhesive, waterproof and flexible. Shrinkage\nis minimal, and most polyurethane formulations can be painted or stained.\nBecause it's expensive, this caulk should be used sparingly -- only where\nstrength, durability and weather resistance are important. Tooling is messy\nand difficult, and you need to clean up with solvent.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## Techniques for caulking\n\nExisting caulk (especially silicone and poly) must be completely removed\nbefore new caulk can go on. Use a sharp utility knife or a narrow chisel, and\nbrush or vacuum out all loose debris. Rubbing alcohol removes soap scum on\ntubs; a blow-dryer set on low will dry up damp joints.\n\nCaulking guns. There is a difference in caulking guns. Look for heavier-gauge\nmetal, a built-in cutter for the tip of the tube and an integral steel pin for\npuncturing the seal. Most pros prefer a solid-shaft gun that advances with a\ncam over the notched-shaft type, citing more even pressure on the piston,\nwhich results in a smoother bead. These guns cost $5 to $7 each.\n\nBut not all jobs call for a gun; there are two other types of dispensers that\ncan make a job easier. For example, 5-oz. squeeze tubes are great for small,\ninterior jobs. And 7-oz. pressurized cans let you lay down a uniform bead when\nworking with only one hand, such as when caulking overhead.\n\nGetting ready. Before you open the tube, make sure the temperature and\nconditions are right for application. \"When the weather turns cold, I take my\ncaulk out of the truck and store it indoors,\"explains Jeff Younkin, a\nremodeler based in Bethlehem, Pennsylvania. \"Many caulks are difficult to work\nin cold weather, so it makes sense to keep them warm as long as possible.\"The\nworking temperature range of caulk varies by type; check the label.\n\nAnother important factor in application is how you cut the tip of the tube.\nThe biggest mistake is cutting too far down, creating an opening that's too\nbig. The opening should be slightly smaller than the bead you'll apply. Also,\ncut the tube at an angle (up to 45 degrees); some pros use a nearly straight\ncut, arguing this makes caulking into interior corners easier.\n\nIf the crack you're filling is deeper than 1/2 in., you must wedge flexible\nbacker rod (available where caulk is sold) into the joint so the caulk is\nlimited to a depth of 3/8 in. The ideal width for a bead is also less than 3/8\nin. It's easy to ignore this step, but the price you'll pay later is an open\ncaulk joint.\n\nLetting it flow. If you're not confident of your caulking skills and are\nlaying down a bead that will show, consider applying masking tape to both\nsides of the joint before caulking. Then remove the tape as soon as you've\nfinished tooling. When caulking, keep the gun (or squeeze tube) moving so you\nleave an even bead. You can either push or pull the tube, whichever is most\ncomfortable for you. As you near the end of the joint, press the release lever\non your gun (or withdraw the piston slightly) to stop the flow of caulk. When\napplying a long bead, break it up into shorter sections. \"I often apply and\ntool just several feet at a time,\"says Younkin. \"I get one section to look the\nway I want and then move on to the next.\"\n\nTooling. Be extra cautious about overapplying silicone and polyurethane caulks\nbecause these sealants are difficult to tool and messy. Tool butyl, silicone\nand polyurethane caulks with a caulking tool or a plastic spoon. (Water-based\ncaulks can be tooled with a moistened finger.) Standard-cure silicone is\ntricky because it's very sticky and must be cleaned up quickly -- once cured,\nsilicone yields only to a razor blade.\n\nFor smooth results with butyl and polyurethane, make sure to dip your spoon or\ntool in solvent. Also have the proper cleanup gear handy: a moistened sponge\nif you're using water-based caulk, or solvent and clean rags with other\nsealants.\n\nThe replaceable tip that comes with some caulks can be used to seal a\npartially used tube. But caulk will still harden in the tip. If you're lucky,\nyour first few trigger squeezes will push the hard material free, but often it\nrequires the help of a 16d nail or the purchase of a new tube.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## The Four Basic Caulk Families\n\nRubber Caulks What the label say: Butyl or rubber caulk; asphalt filler; roof\nor gutter sealant. Price: $2 to $3.50 Main uses: Sealing and repairing\naluminum gutters; caulking aluminum flashing; filling cracks in asphalt;\nsealing siding around doors and windows. Cleanup: mineral spirits or lacquer\nthinner.\n\nLatex Caulks What the label say: Latex; acrylic; vinyl; siliconized acrylic\ncaulk. Price: $1 to $5 Main uses: Utility caulking for nearly all interior and\nsome exterior sealing. Cleanup: water.\n\nSilicone Caulks What the label say: Silicone; Silicone II^TM; 100 percent\nsilicone sealant and caulk. Price: $4 to $7 Main uses: Sealing around tubs,\nshower stalls and sinks; caulking exterior trim; repairing gutters; sealing or\ncaulking against aluminum, glass and other nonporous materials. Cleanup:\nmineral spirits.\n\nPolyurethane Sealants What the label say: Marine adhesive; polyurethane window\nand siding caulk; polyurethane concrete/masonry sealant. Price: $3.50 to $7.50\nMain uses: Sealing control joints in concrete; repairing cracked masonry;\nexterior caulking around windows and doors; repairing cracked vinyl siding;\nbridging gaps between porous and nonporous materials. Cleanup: mineral\nspirits.\n\nPhoto by Ralph Masullo\n\n## Where to find it:\n\nADHESIVE AND SEALANT COUNCIL, INC 7979 Old Georgetown Road, Suite 500 Dept.\nTH1299 Bethesda, MD, 20814 301-986-9700\n\nDAP Inc 855 N. Third St. Dept. TH1299 Tipp City, OH 45371 800/543-3840\n\nDow Corning Corp P. O. Box 994 Dept. TH1299 Midland, MI 48686-0994\nwww.dowcorning.com 800/248-2481\n\nElmer's Products Inc. 180 E. Broad St. Dept. TH1299 Columbus, OH 43215\nwww.elmers.com 888/435-6377\n\nFranklin International 2020 Bruck Street Dept. TH1299, Columbus, OH 43207\nwww.franklini.com 800/669-4583\n\nGE Silicones Building 25 Dept. TH1299 260 Hudson River Rd. Waterford, NY 12188\nwww.GESealants.com 800/332-3390\n\nGeocel Corp. 53280 Marina Drive Dept. TH1299 Elkhart, IN 46514 800/348-7615\n\nOSI Sealants, Inc. 7405 Production Drive Mentor, OH, 44060 www.osisealants.com\n800/624-7767\n\nRed Devil, Inc 2400 Vauxhall Rd. Dept. TH1299 Union, NJ 07083 www.reddevil.com\n800/423-3845\n\n#### OTHER VIDEOS\n\n##### BONUS: Jimmy DiResta Started in a Sign Shop\n\n#### More in Workshops\n\nIn this how-to video, This Old House host Kevin O'Connor reveals tub-\nrefinishing techniques\n\n## How to Refinish a Cast-Iron Tub\n\n#### More From TOH\n\n## Summer Upkeep\n\n## TOH IS BACK! Check Local Listings to Find TOH TV Near You!\n\n## Get Ready for 4th of July Weekend\n\n## All the Ways to Watch TOH TV and Ask TOH TV\n\n## Learn How YOU Can Become a TOH Insider!\n\n#### Sponsored Stories\n\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\ndirect to your inbox.\n\n#### TV Listings\n\nFind TV listings for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\n\nCustomer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * TV FAQ\n * Site Map\n * Archive\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Our Company\n * Our TV Partners\n * Advertise\n * Press Room\n * Careers\n\nContests & Deals\n\n * INSIDER Deals & Discounts\n\nSubscriber Services\n\n * Give as Gift\n * Magazine Renewal\n * Customer Service: 877-360-7546\n\nStep by Step Projects Tips from the Pros Affordable Remodels\n\nSubscribe!\n\n * Newsletters\n\nFollow This Old House:\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * pintrest\n * youtube\n * instagram\n * tumblr\n\nCopyright © 2019 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\n\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210127005758/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/how-to-caulk-a-shower/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Caulk a Shower or Tub (DIYer's Guide)",
"passages": [
"Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice",
"There’s nothing quite like a steamy shower to rejuvenate your mind, body, and spirit after a good night’s sleep or a long, hard day. But when the caulk around your enclosure begins to crack and crumble, it’s not you that needs reviving—it’s your shower. Replacing the caulk around your tub, tiles, shower door, and drain is a relatively simple do-it-yourself fix that takes only a few hours from start to finish. Read on to learn how to caulk a shower and create a good, tight seal.",
"We are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.",
"A quality caulking job begins with a quality product. There are two primary types of caulk you can choose from: silicone and latex. While silicone forms the stronger seal, latex is easier to work with, especially if you’re a beginner. Many DIYers compromise by choosing a sealant like DAP Kwik Seal Plus (view on Amazon), which employs both silicone and latex in its formulation, delivering the best of both worlds.",
"Important: Before purchasing caulk for your project, double-check the label to make sure that the product has been designated for use in kitchens and baths. These formulas contain special inhibitors that protect against mold and mildew—a quality that’s certainly necessary when you set out to caulk a shower.",
"Before you apply the new caulk, be sure to remove any leftovers from the last job, otherwise your fresh bead won’t bond well. Using a utility knife or oscillating tool, cut through the strips of old caulk. Scrape off as much as possible, and then apply a specialized remover to any stubborn spots. If you discover any mold in your path, eradicate it with a commercial cleaner or a homemade solution of one part bleach to two parts water. Once the old caulk has been removed, wipe down the area and allow it to dry thoroughly before moving on; caulk won’t adhere to a wet surface.",
"While you can apply caulk by simply squeezing it out from the tube, it’s best to invest in a quality caulk gun. This will let you better manage the flow and will, as a result, produce more accurate results. Since these are relatively unsophisticated tools, even the industry’s best typically don’t cost much. For example, many pros who caulk for a living swear by Cox caulk guns (view example on Amazon)—a durable, high-performance tool that typically retails for under $30.",
"With any caulk gun worth its salt, however, you get a sturdy plunging mechanism that allows for precise and even distribution of caulk, and you get a pressure release that lets you quickly pause or stop application. When loading your chosen caulk gun, just remember not cut off too much of the tip from the caulk tube. A wide opening will yield a thick bead, which may lead to sloppy results. Cut the tip just above the indentation point that is usually marked on the tube.",
"Painter’s tape makes a great guide to ensure a clean bead. Use long strips of tape to mask off the surface on either side of the line where you’ll be applying your bead of caulk, whether that’s along the wall, shower door, or tub. To start the bead, apply pressure to the caulk gun or tube and either pull the gun away from your starting point or, holding the gun at a 90-degree angle, push the caulk in a forward motion. There is no true right or wrong technique, so choose the approach that works best for you and proceed accordingly.",
"Once the gap is full, wet your finger and wipe along the line to remove the excess caulk and create a smooth, rounded bead. Peel off the painter’s tape while the caulk is still wet, and then continue on to the next section to be caulked.",
"When you’re done, allow the caulk to cure for at least 24 hours before retuning to regular use of the shower. A thorough caulking job should last at least a year—which means you have around 365 more chances to belt out your favorite show tune before you’ll have to repeat the process and caulk the shower again.",
"Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Caulk a Shower or Tub (DIYer's Guide) - Bob Vila\n\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\n\nAbout Bob\n\nNewsletters\n\n * How-To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch TV\n * Win Laser Tools from Kapro!\n\n * How To's & Quick Tips\n\n# How To: Caulk a Shower or Tub\n\n## Keep your shower watertight and mildew-free by using the following steps to\nrefresh the caulk in your enclosure.\n\nBy Jill Lawrence O'Hara and Bob Vila\n\nPhoto: fotosearch.com\n\nThere’s nothing quite like a steamy shower to rejuvenate your mind, body, and\nspirit after a good night’s sleep or a long, hard day. But when the caulk\naround your enclosure begins to crack and crumble, it’s not you that needs\nreviving—it’s your shower. Replacing the caulk around your tub, tiles, shower\ndoor, and drain is a relatively simple do-it-yourself fix that takes only a\nfew hours from start to finish. Read on to learn how to caulk a shower and\ncreate a good, tight seal.\n\nThe straightforward process follows these steps:\n\n 1. Remove any old strips of caulk in the shower.\n 2. Use painter’s tape create a guide for the new caulk line.\n 3. Apply either silicone or latex caulk with a caulk gun, or squeeze the product straight from the tube.\n 4. Wipe along the caulk line with a wet finger to remove any excess.\n 5. Last but not least, let the caulk cure for 24 hours.\n\nTools & Materials\n\n * Bathroom caulk\n * Utility knife\n * Commercial caulk remover\n * Commercial mold cleaner\n * Caulking gun\n * Painter's tape\n\nWe are a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an\naffiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for us to earn fees\nby linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nPhoto: fotosearch.com\n\n## Step 1\n\nA quality caulking job begins with a quality product. There are two primary\ntypes of caulk you can choose from: silicone and latex. While silicone forms\nthe stronger seal, latex is easier to work with, especially if you’re a\nbeginner. Many DIYers compromise by choosing a sealant like DAP Kwik Seal Plus\n(view on Amazon), which employs both silicone and latex in its formulation,\ndelivering the best of both worlds.\n\nImportant: Before purchasing caulk for your project, double-check the label to\nmake sure that the product has been designated for use in kitchens and baths.\nThese formulas contain special inhibitors that protect against mold and\nmildew—a quality that’s certainly necessary when you set out to caulk a\nshower.\n\n## Step 2\n\nBefore you apply the new caulk, be sure to remove any leftovers from the last\njob, otherwise your fresh bead won’t bond well. Using a utility knife or\noscillating tool, cut through the strips of old caulk. Scrape off as much as\npossible, and then apply a specialized remover to any stubborn spots. If you\ndiscover any mold in your path, eradicate it with a commercial cleaner or a\nhomemade solution of one part bleach to two parts water. Once the old caulk\nhas been removed, wipe down the area and allow it to dry thoroughly before\nmoving on; caulk won’t adhere to a wet surface.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Step 3\n\nWhile you can apply caulk by simply squeezing it out from the tube, it’s best\nto invest in a quality caulk gun. This will let you better manage the flow and\nwill, as a result, produce more accurate results. Since these are relatively\nunsophisticated tools, even the industry’s best typically don’t cost much. For\nexample, many pros who caulk for a living swear by Cox caulk guns (view\nexample on Amazon)—a durable, high-performance tool that typically retails for\nunder $30.\n\nWith any caulk gun worth its salt, however, you get a sturdy plunging\nmechanism that allows for precise and even distribution of caulk, and you get\na pressure release that lets you quickly pause or stop application. When\nloading your chosen caulk gun, just remember not cut off too much of the tip\nfrom the caulk tube. A wide opening will yield a thick bead, which may lead to\nsloppy results. Cut the tip just above the indentation point that is usually\nmarked on the tube.\n\n## Step 4\n\nPainter’s tape makes a great guide to ensure a clean bead. Use long strips of\ntape to mask off the surface on either side of the line where you’ll be\napplying your bead of caulk, whether that’s along the wall, shower door, or\ntub. To start the bead, apply pressure to the caulk gun or tube and either\npull the gun away from your starting point or, holding the gun at a 90-degree\nangle, push the caulk in a forward motion. There is no true right or wrong\ntechnique, so choose the approach that works best for you and proceed\naccordingly.\n\n## Step 5\n\nOnce the gap is full, wet your finger and wipe along the line to remove the\nexcess caulk and create a smooth, rounded bead. Peel off the painter’s tape\nwhile the caulk is still wet, and then continue on to the next section to be\ncaulked.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Step 6\n\nWhen you’re done, allow the caulk to cure for at least 24 hours before\nretuning to regular use of the shower. A thorough caulking job should last at\nleast a year—which means you have around 365 more chances to belt out your\nfavorite show tune before you’ll have to repeat the process and caulk the\nshower again.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nTAGS:\n\nHOW TO\n\nBATHROOM\n\nMore From Bob Vila\n\n10 Easy Ways to Find $20 (or More!) Around the House\n\nHow To: Remove a Bathtub\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThe Dos and Don'ts of Air-Drying Everything You Own\n\n5 Ways to Prevent Cracks in Concrete—and 1 Easy Fix\n\nMake Your Home Less Chaotic With These 12 Simple Changes\n\n11 Easy-to-Grow Vegetable Varieties for Fall\n\n10 Steps to Paradise in Your Own Backyard\n\n * Carpet in Bathroom\n * Best Tankless Water Heater\n * Bathroom Fan Size\n * Best High-Pressure Shower Head\n * Best Shower Faucet\n * Bathtub Size\n * Doorless Showers\n\n * About Bob\n * Newsletters\n * Contact\n * Advertising\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Info\n\nCopyright © 2021 Acton Media Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190214120128/https://www.familyhandyman.com/bathroom/remodeling/how-to-re-caulk-a-shower-or-bathtub/view-all/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub — The Family Handyman",
"passages": [
"Sooner or later, mold always shows up in bathroom caulking. This article explains how to clean the old caulk out and then recaulk around a shower or tub.",
"Anybody can caulk a shower or tub. All you need is a tube of caulk and a caulking gun. But if you don’t prep the surfaces properly, the caulk won’t last long. And if you’re sloppy, the messy caulk job will ruin the look of even the most beautiful tile job. We talked to a few experts to learn how they get such smooth, clean-looking caulk lines, and we’ll show you their technique. And we’ll show you the best way how to remove mold from shower caulking and prep the surface to get a long-lasting caulk job. Finally, we’ll give you a heads-up on how to avoid the most common caulking mistakes.",
"You can remove the old caulk, prep the surface, and recaulk a tub or shower in about four hours (including drying time). You’ll need a razor scraper and single-edge razor blades, caulk remover, mineral spirits, paper towels, a utility knife, a caulk gun, and kitchen and bath caulk. An oscillating tool with a flexible scraper blade really speeds up the job of removing old caulk, but you can do the job without it. Here’s how to start.",
"Tubs and showers require a special caulk that contains mold and mildew prevention additives. The tubes are usually labeled “for kitchen and bath use.” Most are 100 percent silicone, but you can also find some latex versions. Latex caulk is easier to tool and cleans up with soap and water. If this is your first time applying caulk, latex may be your best option. Silicone is more challenging to tool and requires mineral spirits for cleanup. However, silicone lasts longer than latex and stays flexible over its life. But it’s harder to remove when it’s time to recaulk. Both types can develop mold and mildew once the additives wear out.",
"Most home centers and hardware stores stock only three kitchen and bath caulk colors: white, almond and clear. However, ask a salesclerk whether you can special-order a custom color. And check out a paint or hardware store. Some can custom-mix colors right in the store. Most tile stores will carry a full range of colors.",
"A high-quality caulk gun can make a difference in your caulk job. It has a sturdier plunger mechanism to provide a smooth, even flow and a pressure release to stop the flow quickly. High-quality caulk guns cost a bit more (about $15), but they’re worth it. Economy guns usually have a ratchet action or a sloppy friction mechanism that pushes the caulk out in bursts, so you apply too much in some areas and too little in others.",
"Slice through the caulk along the walls with a utility knife or with an oscillating tool equipped with a flexible scraper blade. Then use your knife or tool to scrape along the tub or shower floor.",
"Squirt caulk remover on all the remaining caulk and let it do the hard work. Then scrape off all the old caulk with a razor scraper. Wipe with a rag.",
"You can’t apply new caulk on top of the old and expect it to last. So the old caulk has to go. If the old caulk was silicone, you have to devote extra effort to remove all traces of it before applying new caulk. Start by slicing through the old caulk with a utility knife or an oscillating tool (Photo 1). Then scrape off as much old caulk as possible. Next, apply caulk remover to break the adhesive bond and make it easier to scrape off (Photo 2).",
"Once the old caulk is gone, remove any loose grout between the walls and the tub or shower floor. Treat any mold in the grout along the wall/tub gap with a mold-killing product. Scrub the grout and then rinse off the mold killer with water and let it dry (use a hair dryer to speed the drying). Clean the surfaces one last time with mineral spirits. Let dry.",
"Mask the wall corner gaps first. Then apply tape to the walls above the tub or shower floor. Finish by applying tape to the tub or shower floor.",
"Some pros scoff at the idea of using masking tape. But they caulk every day and can lay down a caulk bead with their eyes closed. For DIYers, we recommend masking the gap. It takes a bit more time, but you’ll get much better results than caulking freehand. Start by finding the largest gap between the tub/shower and the walls. That gap dictates how far apart you must space the two rows of tape. Then apply the masking tape (Photo 3). If you have a fiberglass or composite tub, you should fill it before you caulk.",
"Buying the wrong caulk. Always use kitchen and bath caulk in a tub or shower. It contains mold and mildew inhibitors that are not present in other types of caulk.",
"Caulking on top of old caulk. New caulk doesn’t bond well to old caulk, especially if the old caulk contains silicone. Just like with painting, better surface prep provides better results.",
"Not removing mold on grout near the caulk areas. Grout is porous, and any mold present in the grout above the caulk line will eventually spread down into the new caulk area and destroy the bond.",
"Cutting the nozzle larger than the gap you’re filling. A larger opening applies too much product, making it harder to tool and clean up.",
"Cut the nozzle tip to match the gap width. Hold the gun at a 90-degree angle to the gap and push a bead of caulk slightly ahead of the nozzle as you push the gun forward and continue applying pressure. Apply only enough caulk to fill the gap.",
"There are two schools of thought when it comes to tip angle and whether to pull or push the caulk. Our experts prefer cutting the caulk tube nozzle at a blunt 20-degree angle, instead of 45 degrees. And they hold the gun at a 90-degree angle to the gap while pushing a small bead ahead of the tip (Photo 4). That way, they can complete the entire bead in one pass. Plus, the gun pressure forces the caulk deeper into the gap for better holding power and sealing.",
"If you cut the tip at a 45-degree angle and pull the gun away from the starting corner, your gun will always run into the opposite corner, forcing you to flip it 180 degrees and start the bead again. That creates a blob where the two beads meet, making tooling more difficult. Plus, pulling the gun tends to apply a surface bead that doesn’t penetrate as far into the gap.",
"Whichever tip angle you choose, always cut the tip with a sharp utility knife rather than the cheesy guillotine mechanism built into some caulk guns. Remove any burrs with a utility knife or sandpaper before caulking—the burrs will create grooves in the caulk lines.",
"Wet your finger with water and start at an outer corner. Wipe your finger across the caulk to create a rounded bead and remove excess caulk from the gap.",
"Lift a corner of the tape along the tub and pull it off at a steep angle while the caulk is still wet. Then remove the tape along the wall. Remove the tape from the wall corners last.",
"You can find all kinds of caulk-shaping tools at home centers. But if you take our advice and tape off the wall, you won’t need any shaping tools. Just use your index finger to tool the caulk (Photo 5). After tooling, remove the masking tape while the caulk is still wet (Photo 6). Let the caulk cure for the recommended time before using the tub or shower."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub — The Family Handyman\n\nSkip links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Tool Set Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n\nHome\n\n * Organizing\n * Electrical\n * DIY University\n * Videos\n * Win a Tool Set\n\nCheck out 100 super-simple car repairs you don't need to go to the shop for›\n\n#### Bathroom Remodeling\n\n# How to Caulk a Shower or Bathtub\n\n## Make your bathroom look fresh and new again. Read on to learn how to caulk\na shower or tub.\n\nNext Project›\n\nSooner or later, mold always shows up in bathroom caulking. This article\nexplains how to clean the old caulk out and then recaulk around a shower or\ntub.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: TBD\n\n## Recaulking basics\n\nAnybody can caulk a shower or tub. All you need is a tube of caulk and a\ncaulking gun. But if you don’t prep the surfaces properly, the caulk won’t\nlast long. And if you’re sloppy, the messy caulk job will ruin the look of\neven the most beautiful tile job. We talked to a few experts to learn how they\nget such smooth, clean-looking caulk lines, and we’ll show you their\ntechnique. And we’ll show you the best way how to remove mold from shower\ncaulking and prep the surface to get a long-lasting caulk job. Finally, we’ll\ngive you a heads-up on how to avoid the most common caulking mistakes.\n\nYou can remove the old caulk, prep the surface, and recaulk a tub or shower in\nabout four hours (including drying time). You’ll need a razor scraper and\nsingle-edge razor blades, caulk remover, mineral spirits, paper towels, a\nutility knife, a caulk gun, and kitchen and bath caulk. An oscillating tool\nwith a flexible scraper blade really speeds up the job of removing old caulk,\nbut you can do the job without it. Here’s how to start.\n\n## Buy the right caulk and a quality caulk gun\n\nTubs and showers require a special caulk that contains mold and mildew\nprevention additives. The tubes are usually labeled “for kitchen and bath\nuse.” Most are 100 percent silicone, but you can also find some latex\nversions. Latex caulk is easier to tool and cleans up with soap and water. If\nthis is your first time applying caulk, latex may be your best option.\nSilicone is more challenging to tool and requires mineral spirits for cleanup.\nHowever, silicone lasts longer than latex and stays flexible over its life.\nBut it’s harder to remove when it’s time to recaulk. Both types can develop\nmold and mildew once the additives wear out.\n\nMost home centers and hardware stores stock only three kitchen and bath caulk\ncolors: white, almond and clear. However, ask a salesclerk whether you can\nspecial-order a custom color. And check out a paint or hardware store. Some\ncan custom-mix colors right in the store. Most tile stores will carry a full\nrange of colors.\n\nA high-quality caulk gun can make a difference in your caulk job. It has a\nsturdier plunger mechanism to provide a smooth, even flow and a pressure\nrelease to stop the flow quickly. High-quality caulk guns cost a bit more\n(about $15), but they’re worth it. Economy guns usually have a ratchet action\nor a sloppy friction mechanism that pushes the caulk out in bursts, so you\napply too much in some areas and too little in others.\n\n## Preparation: Remove the old caulk\n\n### Photo 1: Cut and peel the old caulk\n\nSlice through the caulk along the walls with a utility knife or with an\noscillating tool equipped with a flexible scraper blade. Then use your knife\nor tool to scrape along the tub or shower floor.\n\n### Photo 2: Loosen and remove the remaining caulk.\n\nSquirt caulk remover on all the remaining caulk and let it do the hard work.\nThen scrape off all the old caulk with a razor scraper. Wipe with a rag.\n\nYou can’t apply new caulk on top of the old and expect it to last. So the old\ncaulk has to go. If the old caulk was silicone, you have to devote extra\neffort to remove all traces of it before applying new caulk. Start by slicing\nthrough the old caulk with a utility knife or an oscillating tool (Photo 1).\nThen scrape off as much old caulk as possible. Next, apply caulk remover to\nbreak the adhesive bond and make it easier to scrape off (Photo 2).\n\nOnce the old caulk is gone, remove any loose grout between the walls and the\ntub or shower floor. Treat any mold in the grout along the wall/tub gap with a\nmold-killing product. Scrub the grout and then rinse off the mold killer with\nwater and let it dry (use a hair dryer to speed the drying). Clean the\nsurfaces one last time with mineral spirits. Let dry.\n\n## How to Caulk a Shower or Tub: Mask the gap\n\n### Photo 3: Mask the gap\n\nMask the wall corner gaps first. Then apply tape to the walls above the tub or\nshower floor. Finish by applying tape to the tub or shower floor.\n\nSome pros scoff at the idea of using masking tape. But they caulk every day\nand can lay down a caulk bead with their eyes closed. For DIYers, we recommend\nmasking the gap. It takes a bit more time, but you’ll get much better results\nthan caulking freehand. Start by finding the largest gap between the\ntub/shower and the walls. That gap dictates how far apart you must space the\ntwo rows of tape. Then apply the masking tape (Photo 3). If you have a\nfiberglass or composite tub, you should fill it before you caulk.\n\n### Avoid These Caulking Mistakes\n\n * Buying the wrong caulk. Always use kitchen and bath caulk in a tub or shower. It contains mold and mildew inhibitors that are not present in other types of caulk.\n * Caulking on top of old caulk. New caulk doesn’t bond well to old caulk, especially if the old caulk contains silicone. Just like with painting, better surface prep provides better results.\n * Not removing mold on grout near the caulk areas. Grout is porous, and any mold present in the grout above the caulk line will eventually spread down into the new caulk area and destroy the bond.\n * Cutting the nozzle larger than the gap you’re filling. A larger opening applies too much product, making it harder to tool and clean up.\n\n## How to Caulk: Apply the caulk bead\n\n### Photo 4: Cut, push and apply\n\nCut the nozzle tip to match the gap width. Hold the gun at a 90-degree angle\nto the gap and push a bead of caulk slightly ahead of the nozzle as you push\nthe gun forward and continue applying pressure. Apply only enough caulk to\nfill the gap.\n\nThere are two schools of thought when it comes to tip angle and whether to\npull or push the caulk. Our experts prefer cutting the caulk tube nozzle at a\nblunt 20-degree angle, instead of 45 degrees. And they hold the gun at a\n90-degree angle to the gap while pushing a small bead ahead of the tip (Photo\n4). That way, they can complete the entire bead in one pass. Plus, the gun\npressure forces the caulk deeper into the gap for better holding power and\nsealing.\n\nIf you cut the tip at a 45-degree angle and pull the gun away from the\nstarting corner, your gun will always run into the opposite corner, forcing\nyou to flip it 180 degrees and start the bead again. That creates a blob where\nthe two beads meet, making tooling more difficult. Plus, pulling the gun tends\nto apply a surface bead that doesn’t penetrate as far into the gap.\n\nWhichever tip angle you choose, always cut the tip with a sharp utility knife\nrather than the cheesy guillotine mechanism built into some caulk guns. Remove\nany burrs with a utility knife or sandpaper before caulking—the burrs will\ncreate grooves in the caulk lines.\n\n## How to Caulk: Shape the bead and remove the tape\n\n### Photo 5: Tool with your finger\n\nWet your finger with water and start at an outer corner. Wipe your finger\nacross the caulk to create a rounded bead and remove excess caulk from the\ngap.\n\n### Photo 6: Peel off the tape\n\nLift a corner of the tape along the tub and pull it off at a steep angle while\nthe caulk is still wet. Then remove the tape along the wall. Remove the tape\nfrom the wall corners last.\n\nYou can find all kinds of caulk-shaping tools at home centers. But if you take\nour advice and tape off the wall, you won’t need any shaping tools. Just use\nyour index finger to tool the caulk (Photo 5). After tooling, remove the\nmasking tape while the caulk is still wet (Photo 6). Let the caulk cure for\nthe recommended time before using the tub or shower.\n\n## Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Caulk gun\n * Putty knife\n * Rags\n * Utility knife\n\nYou’ll also need a razor scraper, single-edge razor blades and an oscillating\ntool.\n\n## Required Materials for this Project\n\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\ntime. Here’s a list.\n\n * Bath and kitchen caulk\n * Caulk remover\n * Masking tape\n * Mineral spirits\n * Paper towels\n\n## Similar Projects\n\nHow to Plumb a Basement Bathroom\n\nHow to Install Natural Stone Tile\n\nBump-Out Addition\n\nHow to Install a Whirlpool Tub\n\nHow to Remodel a Small Bathroom\n\nTile Layout for Tubs and Showers\n\nHow to Buy a New Bathtub and Surround\n\nElegant Small Bathroom\n\nOne Weekend Bathroom Remodel\n\nVenting Exhaust Fans Through the Roof\n\nHow to Install a Bathtub: Install an Acrylic Tub and Tub Surround\n\nBathroom Makeover on a Budget\n\nHow to Remodel Your Bathroom Without Destroying It\n\nInstalling a Bathroom Sink: Wall-Hung Sink\n\n16 Cheap Bathroom Updates with Wow Factor\n\nReader Project: 1960’s Bathroom Remodel\n\nRenovate a 1950s Bathroom\n\nA Small Bathroom That Feels Big\n\nRemodel a Bathroom with Marble Mosaic and Limestone Tile\n\nOriginally Published on sitename.com\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n##### Read Next\n\nHow to Plumb a Basement Bathroom\n\nHow to Install Natural Stone Tile\n\nBump-Out Addition\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nDIY projects to your inbox\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * OneMain Financial Services\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2019 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190723230026/https://www.thisoldhouse.com/how-to/how-to-caulk-around-tub",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Remove Old Caulk & Recaulk a Bathtub",
"passages": [
"You've seen the ominous signs of aging caulk. First it was the brown tinge along the edges. Now its smooth and supple skin has turned brittle and cracked, opening the way for stubborn colonies of mildew to take hold, or for water to seep through and turn wallboard and framing mushy. Whether it's around your sink, between a tub and its tile surround, or covering the joints of your shower stall - it has got to go.",
"Fortunately, caulk is cheap, and applying it isn't difficult. All you need is an hour, a few common tools, and materials easily found at any hardware store. But as easy as it is, you still have to do it right, or you'll be caulking again next year, says This Old House general contractor Tom Silva. \"The key is to completely remove the old caulk, including the residue you can't see,\" he says. \"You've got to start fresh with a clean, smooth, dry surface.\"",
"Follow Tom's steps to remove old caulk and recaulk a bathtub below. \"You should get five to ten years out of that seal, easy,\" he says.",
"Richard Trehewey shows you how to figure out where a leak is coming from, how to fix it and how to properly caulk around a tub",
"The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.",
"(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.",
"(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.",
"The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.",
"(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.",
"(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.",
"For this job, Tom sliced away the old acrylic latex caulk with quick, sharp strokes of a 5-in-1 painter's tool and a razor scraper. You can also use a utility knife to remove old caulking. (Note: Metal blades can scratch plastic sinks, tubs, and surrounds; use a plastic razor blade instead. Caulk removers also harm plastic.)",
"A dry, nonabrasive pad scours away every trace of caulk residue. (Clean up after silicone with a pad soaked in mineral spirits. But to avoid scratching plastic fixtures, use a soft rag dampened with mineral spirits, not a scouring pad.) Wipe a damp cotton rag over the joint to remove the caulk dust and prepare the surface for the new caulk. Thoroughly dry the area with paper towels, a dry rag, or a hair dryer.",
"Lay parallel strips of blue painter's tape, about 3⁄8 inch apart, to keep the bead straight, uniform, and off surfaces where it shouldn't be.",
"Point the nozzle hole toward the joint; hold the gun equidistant from the surfaces on either side of the joint and about 45 degrees out from it. Then apply steady pressure to the trigger as you move the gun smoothly along the entire length of the seam. Whether you push or pull the gun is a matter of personal preference. Either way, keep the caulk gun moving at a steady speed matched to the rate that caulk is flowing out of the nozzle. Too fast, and the bead will be too thin, with bubbles or breaks in the seal; too slow, and you'll waste material and spend more time cleaning up.",
"Tip: Trim the nozzle at a 45-degree angle near the tip. The hole in the nozzle should be just big enough to fill the joint, roughly 3⁄16 inch.",
"As soon as the seams are filled, dampen a lint-free rag or paper towel and press it into the joint with your finger. Pull it along the joint in one continuous motion to shape the fresh caulk into a concave bead. Immediately remove the tape, one strip at a time, taking care not to let it touch any of the fresh caulk. Then go back and smooth the bead again to eliminate the tiny ridges left by the tape. Wait at least 24 hours for the caulk to cure before using the shower or bath.",
"15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel construction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.",
"15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel construction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Remove Old Caulk & Recaulk a Bathtub | This Old House\n\nSkip to main content\n\n##### Sign up today for our FREE email newsletters and get helpful tips\ndelivered to your email inbox\n\nX\n\nTrending: Summer Upkeep | 40th-Anniversary Countdown | Pro2Pro | Check TOH TV\nListings | DIY Smarts\n\nHome>How To | More in Tubs\n\n# How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\nTake aim at old, cruddy caulk, and give your tub a fresh new seal\n\nBy Jason Carpenter of This Old House magazine\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\n1 hour\n\nEstimated Time\n\n12345\n\nSkill: Easy to moderate\n\nJust do the job neatly and carefully for long-lasting success\n\nQuick Links: Required Tools|Shopping List\n\nYou've seen the ominous signs of aging caulk. First it was the brown tinge\nalong the edges. Now its smooth and supple skin has turned brittle and\ncracked, opening the way for stubborn colonies of mildew to take hold, or for\nwater to seep through and turn wallboard and framing mushy. Whether it's\naround your sink, between a tub and its tile surround, or covering the joints\nof your shower stall - it has got to go.\n\nFortunately, caulk is cheap, and applying it isn't difficult. All you need is\nan hour, a few common tools, and materials easily found at any hardware store.\nBut as easy as it is, you still have to do it right, or you'll be caulking\nagain next year, says This Old House general contractor Tom Silva. \"The key is\nto completely remove the old caulk, including the residue you can't see,\" he\nsays. \"You've got to start fresh with a clean, smooth, dry surface.\"\n\nFollow Tom's steps to remove old caulk and recaulk a bathtub below. \"You\nshould get five to ten years out of that seal, easy,\" he says.\n\n#### OTHER VIDEOS\n\n##### How to detect, fix and caulk a tub leak\n\nRichard Trehewey shows you how to figure out where a leak is coming from, how\nto fix it and how to properly caulk around a tub\n\nStep One // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Caulking Points\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nCaulking Points\n\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\n\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\nresidue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\nThat's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\nclear, white, and almond.\n\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to.\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\nsink and tub glazes.\n\nWant to hire a pro for this project?\n\nThis Old House has partnered with HomeAdvisor to connect you with trusted home\nimprovement pros!\n\nSteps // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n1 ×\n\n#### Caulking Points\n\nStep One // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Caulking Points\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nCaulking Points\n\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\n\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\nresidue that's hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\nThat's why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\nclear, white, and almond.\n\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it's applied to.\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn't have much if any\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\nsink and tub glazes.\n\n2 ×\n\n#### Remove Existing Caulk\n\nStep Two // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Remove Existing Caulk\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nFor this job, Tom sliced away the old acrylic latex caulk with quick, sharp\nstrokes of a 5-in-1 painter's tool and a razor scraper. You can also use a\nutility knife to remove old caulking. (Note: Metal blades can scratch plastic\nsinks, tubs, and surrounds; use a plastic razor blade instead. Caulk removers\nalso harm plastic.)\n\n3 ×\n\n#### Scrub\n\nStep Three // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Scrub\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nA dry, nonabrasive pad scours away every trace of caulk residue. (Clean up\nafter silicone with a pad soaked in mineral spirits. But to avoid scratching\nplastic fixtures, use a soft rag dampened with mineral spirits, not a scouring\npad.) Wipe a damp cotton rag over the joint to remove the caulk dust and\nprepare the surface for the new caulk. Thoroughly dry the area with paper\ntowels, a dry rag, or a hair dryer.\n\n4 ×\n\n#### Tape and Caulk\n\nStep Four // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Tape and Caulk\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nLay parallel strips of blue painter's tape, about 3⁄8 inch apart, to keep the\nbead straight, uniform, and off surfaces where it shouldn't be.\n\nPoint the nozzle hole toward the joint; hold the gun equidistant from the\nsurfaces on either side of the joint and about 45 degrees out from it. Then\napply steady pressure to the trigger as you move the gun smoothly along the\nentire length of the seam. Whether you push or pull the gun is a matter of\npersonal preference. Either way, keep the caulk gun moving at a steady speed\nmatched to the rate that caulk is flowing out of the nozzle. Too fast, and the\nbead will be too thin, with bubbles or breaks in the seal; too slow, and\nyou'll waste material and spend more time cleaning up.\n\nTip: Trim the nozzle at a 45-degree angle near the tip. The hole in the nozzle\nshould be just big enough to fill the joint, roughly 3⁄16 inch.\n\n5 ×\n\n#### Smooth\n\nStep Five // How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Smooth\n\nPhoto by David Carmack\n\nAs soon as the seams are filled, dampen a lint-free rag or paper towel and\npress it into the joint with your finger. Pull it along the joint in one\ncontinuous motion to shape the fresh caulk into a concave bead. Immediately\nremove the tape, one strip at a time, taking care not to let it touch any of\nthe fresh caulk. Then go back and smooth the bead again to eliminate the tiny\nridges left by the tape. Wait at least 24 hours for the caulk to cure before\nusing the shower or bath.\n\n#### Shop Related Products\n\n## Newborn 930-GTD Drip-Free Smooth Hex Rod Cradle Caulking Gun with Gator\nTrigger Comfort Grip, 1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 10:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$10.67 $20.28\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Edward Tools Drip Free Smooth Rod 10 oz Caulk Gun for standard Caulk tubes\n- 15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel\nconstruction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\n\n$7.95 $7.95\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Dripless Inc. ETS2000 Ergo Composite Caulk Gun\n\n$12.96 $12.96\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Newborn Pro Super Ratchet Rod Caulk Gun with Gator Trigger Comfort Grip,\n1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 6:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$9.32 $9.32\n\nSee Reviews\n\n#### More in Tubs\n\nA neat way to keep your caulk beads tidy\n\n## Clean Caulking\n\n## Removing Silicone Caulk\n\nPrevent the mess next time you're caulking\n\n## Cleaner Caulking Tip\n\n#### Sponsored Stories\n\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\ndirect to your inbox.\n\n#### TV Listings\n\nFind TV listings for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\n\nCustomer Service\n\n * Archive\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n * TV FAQ\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Our Company\n * Our TV Partners\n * Advertise\n * Press Room\n * Careers\n\nContests & Deals\n\n * INSIDER Deals & Discounts\n\nSubscriber Services\n\n * Give as Gift\n * Renew Subscription\n * Customer Service: 877-360-7546\n\nStep by Step Projects Tips from the Pros Affordable Remodels\n\nSubscribe!\n\n * Newsletters\n\nFollow This Old House:\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * pintrest\n * youtube\n * instagram\n * tumblr\n\nCopyright © 2019 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\n\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n\n×\n\n×\n\n×\n\n×\n\n×\n\nHow to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Tools for Now You're Caulking\n\n## 5-In-1 Painter's Tool\n\n## Caulk gun\n\n#### Shop Related Products\n\n## Newborn 930-GTD Drip-Free Smooth Hex Rod Cradle Caulking Gun with Gator\nTrigger Comfort Grip, 1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 10:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$10.67 $20.28\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Edward Tools Drip Free Smooth Rod 10 oz Caulk Gun for standard Caulk tubes\n- 15:1 Thrust Ratio for all caulks - Industrial/DIY home use - All steel\nconstruction caulk gun for Dap, sealants, etc.\n\n$7.95 $7.95\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Dripless Inc. ETS2000 Ergo Composite Caulk Gun\n\n$12.96 $12.96\n\nSee Reviews\n\n## Newborn Pro Super Ratchet Rod Caulk Gun with Gator Trigger Comfort Grip,\n1/10 Gallon Cartridge, 6:1 Thrust Ratio\n\n$9.32 $9.32\n\nSee Reviews\n\n×\n\nHow to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Shopping List\n\n1\\. Non-abrasive Pad\n\n2\\. Cotton Rag\n\n3\\. Painter's Tape\n\n4\\. Caulk\n\n×\n\n×\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160808220740/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/more/caulking-tub",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Caulking a Tub",
"passages": [
"A continuous, watertight seal along the top edge of a bathtub or shower base is crucial. If the caulk is cracked or missing in spots, water will seep in and ruin the wall.",
"Repairing a caulked joint is easy and takes less than 30 minutes. Start by scraping out all the old, dried-out caulk using an awl or narrow-bladed screwdriver. Then dip a cloth in rubbing alcohol and clean the surface of all soap scum and greasy grime. Allow the cleaned surface to dry a few minutes, and apply a thick bead of tub-and-tile caulk along the joint. Smooth the bead with a wet finger."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Caulking a Tub | This Old House\n\nSkip to main content\n\nMore in Tubs\n\n# Caulking a Tub\n\nA few minutes are well spent maintaining a watertight seal\n\nBy Ryan Wallenfang of Today's Homeowner\n\nIllustration by by Narda Lebo\n\nA continuous, watertight seal along the top edge of a bathtub or shower base\nis crucial. If the caulk is cracked or missing in spots, water will seep in\nand ruin the wall.\n\nRepairing a caulked joint is easy and takes less than 30 minutes. Start by\nscraping out all the old, dried-out caulk using an awl or narrow-bladed\nscrewdriver. Then dip a cloth in rubbing alcohol and clean the surface of all\nsoap scum and greasy grime. Allow the cleaned surface to dry a few minutes,\nand apply a thick bead of tub-and-tile caulk along the joint. Smooth the bead\nwith a wet finger.\n\n1 ×\n\n#### Caulking a Tub\n\n## Caulking a Tub\n\nIllustration by by Narda Lebo\n\nCaulking a Tub\n\nAlso in: Tubs\n\nPrevent the mess next time you're caulking\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Cleaner Caulking Tip\n\nKeep your ceramic tile from cracking when you drill into it\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Drilling Holes in Tile\n\nA simple way to remove the old stuff, even without a grout saw\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Getting Rid of Old Grout\n\nA neat way to keep your caulk beads tidy\n\nSkill builder\n\n## Clean Caulking\n\nThis Old House TV\n\n## North Shore Farmhouse | Making New Look Old\n\nOriginal Air Date: May 05, 2016\n\nSeason 35, Episode 23\n\nGet the latest This Old House news, updates and special offers every week,\ndirect to your inbox.\n\nAsk This Old House TV\n\n## Ask TOH | Moving Trees, Hooking Up a Washer\n\nOriginal Air Date: October 06, 2011\n\nSeason 10, Episode 1\n\n#### TV Listings\n\nFind TV Listing for This Old House and Ask This Old House in your area.\n\nCustomer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n * TV FAQ\n\nAbout Us\n\n * Advertise\n * Our Company\n * Press Room\n * Our TV Partners\n\nContests & Deals\n\n * Deals & Discounts\n\n### Friends of TOH\n\nSubscriber Services\n\n * Give as Gift\n * Renew Subscription\n\nSubscribe now and save up to 79% off the newsstand price for just $1 an issue\n\nSubscribe!\n\n * Newsletter\n\nFollow This Old House:\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * google_plus\n * pintrest\n * youtube\n * instagram\n * tumblr\n\nCopyright © 2016 This Old House Ventures, LLC. All Right Reserved.\n\n * Terms of Service & Privacy Policy\n * California Privacy Rights\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20131007045106/http://www.popularmechanics.com:80/home/improvement/electrical-plumbing/4339751",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home",
"passages": [
"enormous mess of your bathroom doing it. Here's how to caulk a bathtub, shower or sink properly, and how to choose the best caulk gun for the job.",
"I hate caulking. Maybe it's me, but I've tried caulk-smoothing tools and masking tape, and it still comes out sort of sloppy and half-baked-looking. Even my kids commented on the sink I caulked. There has to be a better way. Help me out here.",
"Clean caulking comes down to three things: the position of the caulk gun, the speed that you move the gun and the opening that you cut in the end of the tube. Sure, gadgets may improve the process, but caulking is a simple DIY skill. Once you learn how to do it, it's easy and predictable without the use of additional devices. It's also a fact that caulk is overused today. It's not a building material. It's often used to fill gaps and make up for sloppy workmanship, but no matter what you do, it will always look lousy when applied in those circumstances. And while I'm on this soapbox, another culprit is the $1.99 caulk gun. Stepping up to a pro-level gun that costs just $5 makes a world of difference in getting caulk to look neat. The pressure you produce with a pro-quality gun is consistent and its pump action is predictable and much smoother.",
"So let's start with the tube. Cut its tip at about a 45-degree angle. Use a utility knife with a fresh blade in it, or use a 1-inch-wide, razor-sharp chisel. The nozzle tip may have lines marked into it to indicate where to cut it. In almost all cases, I find the caulk extrudes more neatly if the tube opening is cut closer to the tip than the manufacturer recommends. A smaller bead is neater and there's simply less material to strike off if you need to clean up the joint with your index finger.",
"If you find that the bead of caulk is too small, you can always cut a little bit more off the nozzle tip. Finally, if a slight burr remains on the nozzle after you cut it, be sure to remove it by carefully paring with the knife.",
"Plan Ahead: Don't start caulking at a random corner or end point. Plan ahead to anticipate what your position will be as you move along the joint. For an enclosed tub, start caulking at one corner and then reverse the bead at the far end. Caulk outward from the remaining two corners.",
"Next, hold the caulk gun in the joint so the tube tip meets the surface at a compound 45-degree angle. I'm right-handed, so I usually brace the nozzle with my left hand and squeeze the handle gently while simultaneously drawing the gun slowly down the joint or around the surface. Don't squeeze the handle again until there's an appreciable drop-off in the caulk coming out of the nozzle. Get the timing and pressure right and you can produce long, smooth runs with a single pump of the handle. Except when starting to run a bead in a corner, I often place the tip of my index finger over the joint. With a little downward pressure, my fingertip smooths the caulk as it comes out. The result is a nice smooth bead that doesn't need further wiping.",
"When, despite your best effort, you find that the joint needs extra wiping to look good, draw a moistened finger down the joint (assuming you're using a latex or latex blend). If you're using a caulk that requires cleanup with mineral spirits, wear a disposable nitrile glove on the hand that you use to strike away excess material. The glove reduces the wear and tear on your finger and will make cleanup easier when you're done. Peel the glove. Toss it out."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home - Popular Mechanics\n\n/ / Customer Service / Promotions / Blogs / Video / /\n\nTry: Hottest Cars Ever / Best DIY Tips / Best Gadgets Ever\n\nAutomotive\n\n * Road Test\n * Auto News\n * DIY Auto\n * Motorcycles\n * Alternative Fuel\n * Tire Guide\n * Jay Leno's Garage\n * Saturday Mechanic YouTube Show\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nDo We Really Need Car Dealerships Anymore?\n\n10 Cool Campers For Every Budget\n\nTechnology\n\n * Gadgets\n * Aviation\n * Engineering\n * Military\n * Digital Hollywood\n * DIY Tech\n * Your DIY Tech Workshop\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nGoogle Nexus 7 2013 Hands-On Review\n\nA Brief History of the Jetpack\n\nScience\n\n * Energy\n * Earth and the Environment\n * Space\n * Health\n * Mythbusters\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nHow Sci-Fi Movies Can Save Us From Aliens\n\nHere's Your $5 Billion Space Yacht\n\nHome How-To\n\n * Projects & Plans\n * Home Improvement\n * Tools Reviews\n * Skills\n * Lawn and Garden\n\nFeatured Stories\n\n7 Ways to Bring Solar Lighting to Your Home\n\nThe 10 Best Apps for DIYers\n\nOutdoors\n\nFeatured Stories\n\nHow to Pack for a Desert Excursion\n\n5 Techniques for the Extreme Fisherman\n\n * Recreation\n * Sports\n * Survival\n * This is My Job\n\nDIY Central\n\nHomepage / Home How-To / Home Improvement / Electrical and Plumbing / How to\nCaulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home\n\n# How to Caulk Your Bathtub Neatly: DIY Home\n\n## Caulking seems like a relatively easy home project until you make an\nenormous mess of your bathroom doing it. Here's how to caulk a bathtub, shower\nor sink properly, and how to choose the best caulk gun for the job.\n\nBy Roy Berendsohn\n\nEmail\n\nComments\n\nShare\n\nDecember 14, 2009 12:00 AM\n\nQ:\n\nI hate caulking. Maybe it's me, but I've tried caulk-smoothing tools and\nmasking tape, and it still comes out sort of sloppy and half-baked-looking.\nEven my kids commented on the sink I caulked. There has to be a better way.\nHelp me out here.\n\nA:\n\nClean caulking comes down to three things: the position of the caulk gun, the\nspeed that you move the gun and the opening that you cut in the end of the\ntube. Sure, gadgets may improve the process, but caulking is a simple DIY\nskill. Once you learn how to do it, it's easy and predictable without the use\nof additional devices. It's also a fact that caulk is overused today. It's not\na building material. It's often used to fill gaps and make up for sloppy\nworkmanship, but no matter what you do, it will always look lousy when applied\nin those circumstances. And while I'm on this soapbox, another culprit is the\n$1.99 caulk gun. Stepping up to a pro-level gun that costs just $5 makes a\nworld of difference in getting caulk to look neat. The pressure you produce\nwith a pro-quality gun is consistent and its pump action is predictable and\nmuch smoother.\n\n1\\. Cheapo caulk guns tend to extrude a messy bead.\n\n|\n\n2\\. A pro gun provides consistent pressure and better feedback. \n \n---|--- \n \nSo let's start with the tube. Cut its tip at about a 45-degree angle. Use a\nutility knife with a fresh blade in it, or use a 1-inch-wide, razor-sharp\nchisel. The nozzle tip may have lines marked into it to indicate where to cut\nit. In almost all cases, I find the caulk extrudes more neatly if the tube\nopening is cut closer to the tip than the manufacturer recommends. A smaller\nbead is neater and there's simply less material to strike off if you need to\nclean up the joint with your index finger.\n\nIf you find that the bead of caulk is too small, you can always cut a little\nbit more off the nozzle tip. Finally, if a slight burr remains on the nozzle\nafter you cut it, be sure to remove it by carefully paring with the knife.\n\nPlan Ahead: Don't start caulking at a random corner or end point. Plan ahead\nto anticipate what your position will be as you move along the joint. For an\nenclosed tub, start caulking at one corner and then reverse the bead at the\nfar end. Caulk outward from the remaining two corners.\n\nNext, hold the caulk gun in the joint so the tube tip meets the surface at a\ncompound 45-degree angle. I'm right-handed, so I usually brace the nozzle with\nmy left hand and squeeze the handle gently while simultaneously drawing the\ngun slowly down the joint or around the surface. Don't squeeze the handle\nagain until there's an appreciable drop-off in the caulk coming out of the\nnozzle. Get the timing and pressure right and you can produce long, smooth\nruns with a single pump of the handle. Except when starting to run a bead in a\ncorner, I often place the tip of my index finger over the joint. With a little\ndownward pressure, my fingertip smooths the caulk as it comes out. The result\nis a nice smooth bead that doesn't need further wiping.\n\nWhen, despite your best effort, you find that the joint needs extra wiping to\nlook good, draw a moistened finger down the joint (assuming you're using a\nlatex or latex blend). If you're using a caulk that requires cleanup with\nmineral spirits, wear a disposable nitrile glove on the hand that you use to\nstrike away excess material. The glove reduces the wear and tear on your\nfinger and will make cleanup easier when you're done. Peel the glove. Toss it\nout.\n\n * 3 Quick, Cheap Upgrades for Your Brighter Bathroom : Action Plan\n * How to Use a Caulk Gun: PM Tool Tips\n * Pro Caulk Review: Do As Seen On TV Products Work?\n * How to Choose the Right Caulk for Any Surface\n * PM's Favorite DIY Guy Projects\n * How to Remove Caulk in 6 Easy Steps\n\n## Post a comment\n\nCONNECT WITH POPULAR MECHANICS:\n\nFeatured Video\n\nGiveaways\n\nEnter to Win $10,000 in the Cool Tools Giveaway!\n\nSee All Giveaways\n\nMore From Popular Mechanics\n\n * Shell V-Power\n * Vote For Your Favorite Project! 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},
{
"original_url": "http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160713133015/http://www.thisoldhouse.com:80/toh/how-to/overview/0,,20050103,00.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Caulk Around a Tub",
"passages": [
"The best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub and Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone compounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to smooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.",
"(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is also finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral spirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a residue that’s hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to. That’s why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad soaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to clear, white, and almond.",
"(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more forgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it’s applied to. Smoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn’t have much if any smell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will probably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go faster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match sink and tub glazes.",
"From style to tile, find tons of inspirational photos, ideas, and how-tos for brand-new rooms, quick upgrades, and big and small fixes, plus special offers."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Overview | How to Caulk Around a Tub | This Old House\n\n * ##### Breathtaking Backyard Before-and-Afters\n\nLook!\n\n * ##### Why to Wear Chainsaw Safety Gear\n\nWatch Now\n\n * ##### Read This Before You Replace Your Windows\n\nGet our Tips\n\n###### Share\n\n * S H A R E\n\n * # VIDEO\n\nSee What's Trending Now!\n\n * Home\n * Bathroom\n * Tubs\n * How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n# How to Caulk Around a Tub\n\n## Take aim at old, cruddy caulk, and give your tub a fresh new seal\n\nJason CarpenterThis Old House magazine\n\nPhotograph: David Carmack\n\n«»\n\n * Previous Step\n * Next Step\n * * All Steps\n\nClose\n\n * ###### Introduction\n\n * ###### Overview\n\n * ###### Step 1\n\nRemove Existing Caulk\n\n * ###### Step 2\n\nScrub\n\n * ###### Step 3\n\nTape and Caulk\n\n * ###### Step 4\n\nSmooth\n\n * ###### Difficulty: Easy to moderate\n\n * ###### 1 hour\n\n * ###### Tools\n\n * ###### Shopping List\n\n### Overview\n\nCaulking Points\n\nThe best caulks for tubs, sinks, or shower stalls come in tubes labeled “Tub\nand Tile” or “Kitchen and Bath.” These are either acrylic latex or silicone\ncompounds that have been chemically tweaked to resist mildew and to stick to\nsmooth, nonporous surfaces. But they have distinctly different personalities.\n\n(A) Silicone: Tenacious, waterproof, and very flexible, this type of caulk is\nalso finicky about surface conditions, difficult to smooth, requires mineral\nspirits for cleanup, and emits a nose-wrinkling odor until cured. It leaves a\nresidue that’s hard for anything - including new silicone - to stick to.\nThat’s why formerly siliconed surfaces should be scrubbed with an abrasive pad\nsoaked in mineral spirits. Silicone caulk has a color palette limited to\nclear, white, and almond.\n\n(B) Acrylic Latex: Compared with silicone, this kind of caulk is much more\nforgiving about the type and cleanliness of a surface it’s applied to.\nSmoothing it is easy, it cleans up with water, and it doesn’t have much if any\nsmell. While it does shrink more and dry harder than silicone - and will\nprobably need to be replaced a little sooner - the replacement job should go\nfaster. Acrylic latex caulk comes in a rainbow assortment of colors to match\nsink and tub glazes.\n\n#### Related Content\n\n * Ask This Old House: Removing Silicone Caulk\n * Skill Builder: Clean Caulking\n * Skill Builder: Cleaner Caulking Tip\n\nAsk TOH users about Tubs\n\nDiscuss\n\n#### Contribute to This Story Below\n\nAdd Comment\n\n#### More in Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Lighting\n * Tubs\n * Bathroom Sinks\n * Showers\n * Small Bathrooms\n\n#### Tools List\n\nClose\n\n * ###### 5-in-1 Tool or Utility Knife\n\n * ###### Caulking Gun\n\n#### Shopping List\n\nClose\n\n1\\. Non-abrasive Pad\n\n2\\. Cotton Rag\n\n3\\. Painter's Tape\n\n4\\. Caulk\n\n * #### Newsletters\n\nSee All Newsletters\n\nSee Sample\n\n###### Kitchen & BathTwice-monthly\n\nFrom style to tile, find tons of inspirational photos, ideas, and how-tos for\nbrand-new rooms, quick upgrades, and big and small fixes, plus special offers.\n\n * #### From Our Partners\n\n * #### This Old House To Go\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give A Gift\n * Newsletter\n * Tablet\n\n * ##### Newsletters\n\nSign up for FREE e-mail newsletters to get helpful tips and timely advice,\nplus special offers\n\n * ##### Customer Service\n\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Ad Choices Ad Choices\n * Terms of Service\n * Site Map\n * Archive\n * ##### Subscriber Services\n\n * Get This Old House For Your Tablet\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Renew Your Subscription\n * Customer Service\n * ##### Partner Sites:\n\n * MyHomeIdeas\n * Real Simple\n * ##### Friends of TOH:\n\n * Houzz\n * Hometalk\n * ##### Contests & Deals\n\n * Contests & Sweepstakes\n * Deals & Discounts\n\n##### TOH Ventures\n\n * Advertise with Us\n * Our Project House Partners\n * Our TV Partners\n * Press Room\n\n * Tablet\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * RSS\n\nAmerica's Most Trusted Home Improvement Brand\n\nCopyright © 2016 Time Inc. All rights reserved. Reproduction in whole or in\npart without permission is prohibited.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170105191024/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/shower-installation/bathtub-caulking-tips/view-all",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bathtub Caulking Tips",
"passages": [
"If a lumpy caulk job bugs you, check out these tips to help anyone learn to run a smooth bead of caulk. With advice from a pro painter and a tile setter, you'll soon be caulking everything around the house.",
"I'm always surprised when people ask, “How do you get such a smooth bead of caulk?” For me it seems easy and I usually just reply that it takes practice. But after talking with a painter and a tile setter who both spend a lot of time caulking, I discovered a few techniques that will cut the practice time to a minimum. You can get good results right away. In this article, we'll show you how to get a neat caulk bead around a bathtub, but you can use the same techniques for other caulking as well.",
"Cut off the tip of the caulk tube with a sharp knife at about a 45-degree angle. Cut very near the end to make a 1/8-in. diameter opening. Smooth and round the tip slightly with 100-grit sandpaper.",
"The biggest mistake most people make is cutting too much off the tip of the caulk tube. In general, the size of the hole should be about two-thirds the width of the desired caulk joint. Most caulking jobs around the home only require a narrow bead. If you're caulking woodwork to prepare it for paint, start with the opening very small, just over 1/16 in. diameter. For tub caulking, a 1/8-in. diameter hole is usually about right. Some caulk tubes need to be punched in order to start the flow of caulk. Nails aren't always long enough. Use a thin, stiff wire like a scrap electrical wire or coat hanger to avoid enlarging the hole at the tip.",
"You'll notice 45-degree marks on the tips of some caulk tubes, indicating the angle you should cut the tube. But some pros recommend a blunter tip angle, about 60 degrees. Give it a try. You can always cut the steeper, 45-degree angle if you don't like it. Regardless of the angle of the cut, the key is to hold the caulk gun at this same angle while you're filling the joint.",
"A smooth tip makes a smooth bead. So use a sharp knife to cut the tip, and follow up by smoothing the tip with fine sandpaper (close-up photo).",
"Squeeze the handle to start the flow of caulk. Release the pressure as soon as caulk appears at the tip. Then clean off the excess with a damp rag.",
"Set the tip at the starting spot. Hold the caulking gun at a consistent angle and keep moving quickly while you squeeze steadily on the handle.",
"TIP: Align the angle on the tip of the tube to the caulk gun handle. Then tape the tube in place. This way you won't have to check the position of the tip every time you start caulking.",
"To apply a smooth bead of caulk that's just the right size, you have to find the best balance between pressure on the handle and application speed. The trick is to keep the pressure constant and vary the speed according to the size of the joint. To get a small, fine bead of caulk, you've got to move the tip along the joint at a rapid clip. Keep the caulk gun at the same angle and try to fill the joint as you go, but don't worry if you leave a gap. It's easier to make a second high-speed pass than it is to clean up excess caulk from going too slowly. You can slow down a little for larger caulk joints, but keep the speed steady.",
"Squeeze the caulk gun handle steadily to maintain an even flow of caulk (Photo 3). Keep the gun moving as you let up and give the handle another squeeze. When you reach the end, quickly lift the tip from the surface and release pressure. Clean excess caulk from the tip before you start a new bead (Photo 2).",
"Smooth the bead using light pressure with a wet fingertip. Clean excess caulk off your fingertip with a damp cloth.",
"Too much pressure and not enough speed cause caulk to ooze out on the sides. Completely wipe off the caulk and try again.",
"Smoothing not only makes the caulk look good—it ensures good adhesion on each side of the gap. Forget about special tools. Just use the tip of your finger (Photo 4). Wet your finger with water for latex caulk. Then use a wet rag to clean off your fingertip. Rinse the rag often. If you're using silicone caulk, wear a tight-fitting latex or vinyl glove and wet the fingertip with denatured alcohol. Keep your beads of silicone and urethane caulk slim to make smoothing easier. If you get much excess, they're hard to clean up and things can get really messy if you keep wiping your finger on the same rag. Use paper towels or a roll of toilet paper instead so you can use a new piece every time you wipe off your finger.",
"I've talked to pros who swear by the expensive frame-type guns instead of the more common cradle-type (photos below). If you do a lot of caulking, it may be worth spending $15 to $20 for one of these. I admit they work smoothly and are easy to use. But for my money, a medium-priced (about $5) “dripless” gun is the way to go. Look for the “dripless” label on the gun. These are designed to take pressure off the tube as soon as you release the handle so you don't end up with a river of caulk flowing out every time you set the gun down. I also prefer a gun with a smooth rod, without notches.",
"It takes a little longer, but the technique shown in Photos 1 and 2 below makes it easy to get a perfect caulk joint every time. This tip is handy if you're using silicone caulk because cleaning up excess silicone is always difficult. Place two strips of masking tape about 3/16 in. apart where you want the caulk joint. Be careful to keep the lines straight and an even distance apart. Press the tape tight to the surface, especially at grout joints or other depressions, so caulk doesn't ooze under the tape.",
"Apply two strips of masking tape, leaving space between them for the desired caulk joint width. Lay a bead of caulk and smooth it with your fingertip."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bathtub Caulking Tips | The Family Handyman\n\n### Select Username\n\n### Modal title\n\n##### Don't have an account yet?\n\nSign up today for FREE and become part of The Family Handyman community of\nDIYers.\n\nMember benefits:\n\n * Get a FREE Traditional Bookcase Project Plan\n * Sign up for FREE DIY newsletters\n\nJoin us\n\n * Newsletters\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY Tip Genius App\n * Free Product Info\n * Promotions\n * Login\n * Join us\n * Hello ScreenName\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n\n * Subscribe Now »\n * Give a Gift »\n * Digital Edition »\n * Customer Care »\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\nMagazine\n\nGive a gift\n\nShop\n\n * How To & Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\nBack\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Small Engine Repair\n * Tires\n * Utility Trailer\n * Carpentry\n\nBack\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\nBack\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Drywall\n\nBack\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\nBack\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Outdoor Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Heating & Cooling\n\nBack\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Masonry\n\nBack\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Painting\n\nBack\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\nBack\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tiling\n\nBack\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Tools\n\nBack\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\nBack\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Ceiling\n * Doors\n\nBack\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Floors\n\nBack\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Roof\n\nBack\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\nBack\n\n * Window Repair\n * Rooms\n\nBack\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\nBack\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\nBack\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Laundry\n * Workshop\n\nBack\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\nBack\n\n * Decks\n\nBack\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\nBack\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\nBack\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Furniture\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Advice\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * Energy Saving Tips\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * Subscribe\n\nBack\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY University\n * Free Product Info\n * Newsletters\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n * * Join Us\n * Log In\n * Hello\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n * Get DIY tips in your inbox\n\n * Follow Us\n\nFixing a toilet Electrical Organizing Cleaning Plumbing Automotive\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Rooms\n 3. Bathroom\n 4. Bathtub Caulking Tips\n\n# Bathtub Caulking Tips\n\nHow to achieve smooth caulk.\n\nPrint\n\nShare:\n\n * Article\n * Tools & Materials\n * Next Project ›\n\nIf a lumpy caulk job bugs you, check out these tips to help anyone learn to\nrun a smooth bead of caulk. With advice from a pro painter and a tile setter,\nyou'll soon be caulking everything around the house.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: Tips For Caulking\n\n * Overview\n * A nice bead starts with a well-prepared tip\n * Match your caulking speed to the size of the bead\n * Smooth the caulk with your finger\n\n#### Similar Projects\n\n * How to Convert Bathtub Drain Lever to a Lift-and-Turn Drain\n\n * How to Clean Showerheads\n\n * How to Adjust Sliding Shower Doors\n\n * How to Fit a Shower Tray\n\n * Shower Faucet Installation\n\n * How to Install a Fiberglass Base Over Concrete\n\n * How to Replace a Two-Handle Shower Valve With a Single-Handle Unit\n\n * DIY Outdoor Shower Privacy\n\n * Article\n\n## Overview\n\nI'm always surprised when people ask, “How do you get such a smooth bead of\ncaulk?” For me it seems easy and I usually just reply that it takes practice.\nBut after talking with a painter and a tile setter who both spend a lot of\ntime caulking, I discovered a few techniques that will cut the practice time\nto a minimum. You can get good results right away. In this article, we'll show\nyou how to get a neat caulk bead around a bathtub, but you can use the same\ntechniques for other caulking as well.\n\nBack to Top\n\n## A nice bead starts with a well-prepared tip\n\n### Photo 1: Cut caulk tube with care\n\nCut off the tip of the caulk tube with a sharp knife at about a 45-degree\nangle. Cut very near the end to make a 1/8-in. diameter opening. Smooth and\nround the tip slightly with 100-grit sandpaper.\n\n### Close-up\n\nSmooth the tip with sandpaper.\n\nThe biggest mistake most people make is cutting too much off the tip of the\ncaulk tube. In general, the size of the hole should be about two-thirds the\nwidth of the desired caulk joint. Most caulking jobs around the home only\nrequire a narrow bead. If you're caulking woodwork to prepare it for paint,\nstart with the opening very small, just over 1/16 in. diameter. For tub\ncaulking, a 1/8-in. diameter hole is usually about right. Some caulk tubes\nneed to be punched in order to start the flow of caulk. Nails aren't always\nlong enough. Use a thin, stiff wire like a scrap electrical wire or coat\nhanger to avoid enlarging the hole at the tip.\n\nYou'll notice 45-degree marks on the tips of some caulk tubes, indicating the\nangle you should cut the tube. But some pros recommend a blunter tip angle,\nabout 60 degrees. Give it a try. You can always cut the steeper, 45-degree\nangle if you don't like it. Regardless of the angle of the cut, the key is to\nhold the caulk gun at this same angle while you're filling the joint.\n\nA smooth tip makes a smooth bead. So use a sharp knife to cut the tip, and\nfollow up by smoothing the tip with fine sandpaper (close-up photo).\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Match your caulking speed to the size of the bead\n\n### Photo 2: Prep your caulk gun\n\nSqueeze the handle to start the flow of caulk. Release the pressure as soon as\ncaulk appears at the tip. Then clean off the excess with a damp rag.\n\n### Photo 3: Steady your caulk gun\n\nSet the tip at the starting spot. Hold the caulking gun at a consistent angle\nand keep moving quickly while you squeeze steadily on the handle.\n\nTIP: Align the angle on the tip of the tube to the caulk gun handle. Then tape\nthe tube in place. This way you won't have to check the position of the tip\nevery time you start caulking.\n\nTo apply a smooth bead of caulk that's just the right size, you have to find\nthe best balance between pressure on the handle and application speed. The\ntrick is to keep the pressure constant and vary the speed according to the\nsize of the joint. To get a small, fine bead of caulk, you've got to move the\ntip along the joint at a rapid clip. Keep the caulk gun at the same angle and\ntry to fill the joint as you go, but don't worry if you leave a gap. It's\neasier to make a second high-speed pass than it is to clean up excess caulk\nfrom going too slowly. You can slow down a little for larger caulk joints, but\nkeep the speed steady.\n\nSqueeze the caulk gun handle steadily to maintain an even flow of caulk (Photo\n3). Keep the gun moving as you let up and give the handle another squeeze.\nWhen you reach the end, quickly lift the tip from the surface and release\npressure. Clean excess caulk from the tip before you start a new bead (Photo\n2).\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Smooth the caulk with your finger\n\n### Photo 4: Smooth caulk with wet finger\n\nSmooth the bead using light pressure with a wet fingertip. Clean excess caulk\noff your fingertip with a damp cloth.\n\n### Oops!\n\nToo much pressure and not enough speed cause caulk to ooze out on the sides.\nCompletely wipe off the caulk and try again.\n\nSmoothing not only makes the caulk look good—it ensures good adhesion on each\nside of the gap. Forget about special tools. Just use the tip of your finger\n(Photo 4). Wet your finger with water for latex caulk. Then use a wet rag to\nclean off your fingertip. Rinse the rag often. If you're using silicone caulk,\nwear a tight-fitting latex or vinyl glove and wet the fingertip with denatured\nalcohol. Keep your beads of silicone and urethane caulk slim to make smoothing\neasier. If you get much excess, they're hard to clean up and things can get\nreally messy if you keep wiping your finger on the same rag. Use paper towels\nor a roll of toilet paper instead so you can use a new piece every time you\nwipe off your finger.\n\n##### Choosing a Caulking Gun\n\nI've talked to pros who swear by the expensive frame-type guns instead of the\nmore common cradle-type (photos below). If you do a lot of caulking, it may be\nworth spending $15 to $20 for one of these. I admit they work smoothly and are\neasy to use. But for my money, a medium-priced (about $5) “dripless” gun is\nthe way to go. Look for the “dripless” label on the gun. These are designed to\ntake pressure off the tube as soon as you release the handle so you don't end\nup with a river of caulk flowing out every time you set the gun down. I also\nprefer a gun with a smooth rod, without notches.\n\nFrame- and cradle-style caulking guns\n\n##### Use Masking Tape for Perfect Caulk Joints\n\nIt takes a little longer, but the technique shown in Photos 1 and 2 below\nmakes it easy to get a perfect caulk joint every time. This tip is handy if\nyou're using silicone caulk because cleaning up excess silicone is always\ndifficult. Place two strips of masking tape about 3/16 in. apart where you\nwant the caulk joint. Be careful to keep the lines straight and an even\ndistance apart. Press the tape tight to the surface, especially at grout\njoints or other depressions, so caulk doesn't ooze under the tape.\n\nApply two strips of masking tape, leaving space between them for the desired\ncaulk joint width. Lay a bead of caulk and smooth it with your fingertip.\n\nImmediately pull the tape away from the caulk at an angle as shown.\n\nBack to Top\n\n * Tools & Materials\n\n#### Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Caulk gun\n * Painters tape\n * Rags\n * Utility knife\n\nYou'll also need sandpaper.\n\n#### Required Materials for this Project\n\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\ntime. Here's a list.\n\n * Caulk\n\n# Popular How-To Videos\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### Follow Us\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### We Recommend\n\n### 20 Secret Hiding Places\n\n### Save Money With Home Energy Audit\n\n### Install Cabinets Like a Pro!\n\n### How to Unclog a Drain\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * About Us\n * Rooms\n * Skills\n * Parts of the House\n * Outdoors\n * Magazine\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2017 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n"
}
] |
115,297 | How To Select a Watermelon | To select the perfect watermelon, look for a firm, symmetrical fruit free from bruises, cuts, or dents. The outside of the fruit should be dark green and dull, rather than shiny. When you lift the watermelon, it should seem heavy for its size, which means it is full of water and therefore ripe. The underside of the melon should have a creamy yellow spot, known as the field spot, which is where the melon sat on the ground while it ripened. A white or nonexistent field spot usually indicates that the watermelon was picked too soon. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210509230142/https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170115100320/http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160306014119/http://homecooking.about.com/od/fruitstorage/a/watermelonstorage.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150716011940/http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html?_r=0"
] | train | 2,511 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509230142/https://www.fifteenspatulas.com/how-to-pick-a-superstar-watermelon/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Pick A Good Watermelon",
"passages": [
"Here are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that’s ripe and sweet, gathered from lots of conversations with produce people, farmers, and personal experience. If you know how to check for things like the field spot, it makes the selection process much easier!",
"Picking out a watermelon at the grocery store was always a semi-anxiety plagued experience for me when I didn’t know what I was looking for.",
"If you pick a bad one, you’re stuck with 15-20 whopping pounds of watermelon terribleness. And then your options are to either force yourself to eat this yucky watermelon or throw it away...and both are less than desirable options.",
"There have been a few times where I ended up throwing it out because it tasted like a crunchy watermelon rind cucumber, and no one in my family would eat it.",
"My goal today is to help you pick sweet, ripe watermelons because I know how disappointing it is to get home, take your first bite of some sort of produce you buy, only to find out it isn’t good.",
"All the tips here are tidbits I have gathered from personal experience and lots of conversations with produce people and farmers.",
"The field spot is a creamy spot on the outside, and it’s where the watermelon was resting on the ground. The field spot should be a yellowish creamy color, like shown with my watermelon:",
"Much prettier and more typical of what I picture when I think of a watermelon, and that’s okay. I find that the best watermelons I buy can sometimes look really gnarly on one side where it was resting on the ground, and then unblemished on the other.",
"The more dark yellow the field spot is, the longer it was on the vine sweetening up. If the field spot is white (or not even there), this indicates an underripe melon.",
"Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. You will get a dull thud if the flesh is soft, which indicates it’s starting to spoil.",
"This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there’s more water in it.",
"The watermelon pictured above here in my post was a whopping 18 pounds! It was heavier than the other comparably sized melons around it.",
"Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.",
"This tip was emailed to me many months ago by Tom, a produce manager for a major grocery chain. If you see black spots on the melon (as pictured above), this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better. I’ve been looking for these every time I pick up a melon and have had great luck with it in addition to the other tips. Thank you, Tom!",
"It is SO much easier than cutting the typical triangles that include the rind, and you can either cut it into sticks or cubes:",
"Find the Field Spot - Look for a deep yellow color. If there's a white field spot, or no field spot at all, it likely won't be good.",
"Knock on It with Your Knuckles - Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. Soft flesh indicates it's starting to spoil.",
"Get the Heaviest One for Its Size - This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there's more water in it.",
"Check for a Uniform Shape - Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.",
"Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points - If you see black spots on the melon, this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better.",
"If you want an easy way to cut the watermelon into sticks or cubes, see my How to Cut a Watermelon post. Enjoy!",
"Nutrition is estimated using a food database and is only intended to be used as a guideline for informational purposes.",
"the best way is the way they did it when i was a kid the watermelon vendor would plug it for you if you didnt like it you did not buy it",
"* Donna Hall — August 13, 2020 @ 1:27 pm Reply\nOh wow, I completely forgot that little blast from the past!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Pick A Good Watermelon - Check the Field Spot\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\n * Recipe Index\n\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n * Quick Dinners\n * On the Lighter Side\n * Asian Dishes\n * Vegetable Sides\n * Special Diets\n\n * Dairy-free\n * Gluten-free\n * Vegan\n * Whole30 Compliant\n * Low Carb\n * All My Recipes\n * Appetizers\n * Desserts\n * Meats\n\n * Beef\n * Chicken\n * Lamb\n * Pork\n * Salads\n\nHome » How To Pick A Good Watermelon\n\n# How To Pick A Good Watermelon\n\nby Joanne June 27, 2018 (updated January 5, 2019)\n\n280\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nHere are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that’s ripe and sweet,\ngathered from lots of conversations with produce people, farmers, and personal\nexperience. If you know how to check for things like the field spot, it makes\nthe selection process much easier!\n\nPicking out a watermelon at the grocery store was always a semi-anxiety\nplagued experience for me when I didn’t know what I was looking for.\n\nIf you pick a bad one, you’re stuck with 15-20 whopping pounds of watermelon\nterribleness. And then your options are to either force yourself to eat this\nyucky watermelon or throw it away...and both are less than desirable options.\n\nThere have been a few times where I ended up throwing it out because it tasted\nlike a crunchy watermelon rind cucumber, and no one in my family would eat it.\n\nMy goal today is to help you pick sweet, ripe watermelons because I know how\ndisappointing it is to get home, take your first bite of some sort of produce\nyou buy, only to find out it isn’t good.\n\nAll the tips here are tidbits I have gathered from personal experience and\nlots of conversations with produce people and farmers.\n\n## How to Pick a Good Watermelon:\n\n### Tip #1: Find the Field Spot\n\nIf you don’t even read the other tips, I find this is the biggest indicator of\na good watermelon.\n\nThe field spot is a creamy spot on the outside, and it’s where the watermelon\nwas resting on the ground. The field spot should be a yellowish creamy color,\nlike shown with my watermelon:\n\nWhat’s interesting is you’ll notice that the other side of the same watermelon\nlooks completely different:\n\nMuch prettier and more typical of what I picture when I think of a watermelon,\nand that’s okay. I find that the best watermelons I buy can sometimes look\nreally gnarly on one side where it was resting on the ground, and then\nunblemished on the other.\n\nThe more dark yellow the field spot is, the longer it was on the vine\nsweetening up. If the field spot is white (or not even there), this indicates\nan underripe melon.\n\n### Tip #2: Pick a Dull Looking Watermelon\n\nA shiny appearance indicates an underripe melon. This applies to honeydew\nmelons too.\n\n### Tip #3: Knock on It with Your Knuckles\n\nYour knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty\nhard/firm. You will get a dull thud if the flesh is soft, which indicates it’s\nstarting to spoil.\n\n### Tip #4: Get the Heaviest One for Its Size\n\nThis applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon\nthat is the heaviest one for its size. That means there’s more water in it.\n\nThe watermelon pictured above here in my post was a whopping 18 pounds! It was\nheavier than the other comparably sized melons around it.\n\n### Tip #5: Check for a Uniform Shape\n\nSome watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there\nare irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent\namounts of sun or water.\n\n### Tip #6: Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points\n\nThis tip was emailed to me many months ago by Tom, a produce manager for a\nmajor grocery chain. If you see black spots on the melon (as pictured above),\nthis is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you\nsee dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more\nof them the better. I’ve been looking for these every time I pick up a melon\nand have had great luck with it in addition to the other tips. Thank you, Tom!\n\nOnce you’ve picked out your watermelon, take a look at my quick guide for How\nto Cut a Watermelon:\n\nIt is SO much easier than cutting the typical triangles that include the rind,\nand you can either cut it into sticks or cubes:\n\nClick the photo above for my guide on cutting watermelon. Enjoy!\n\n## Ripe, Sweet Watermelon\n\nServings: 8\n\nPrep Time: 2 mins\n\nTotal Time: 2 mins\n\nHere are six tips for How to Pick a Good Watermelon that's ripe and sweet.\n\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe\n\n13\n\nreviews Leave a Review »\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 large watermelon\n\n### Instructions\n\n * Find the Field Spot - Look for a deep yellow color. If there's a white field spot, or no field spot at all, it likely won't be good.\n\n * Pick a Dull Looking Watermelon - A shiny appearance indicates an underripe melon.\n\n * Knock on It with Your Knuckles - Your knuckles should bounce off the melon, and the surface should be pretty hard/firm. Soft flesh indicates it's starting to spoil.\n\n * Get the Heaviest One for Its Size - This applies to pretty much all produce, but you want to pick the watermelon that is the heaviest one for its size. That means there's more water in it.\n\n * Check for a Uniform Shape - Some watermelons are round, some are oval, and either is fine. But if there are irregular bumps, this indicates the melon may have gotten inconsistent amounts of sun or water.\n\n * Look for the Sugar Spots and Pollination Points - If you see black spots on the melon, this is where sugar is seeping out and indicates a sweet melon. Also, if you see dots in a line (not a scratch), these are pollination points, and the more of them the better.\n\n * If you want an easy way to cut the watermelon into sticks or cubes, see my How to Cut a Watermelon post. Enjoy!\n\n### Nutrition\n\nCalories: 106kcal, Carbohydrates: 27g, Protein: 2g, Fat: 1g, Sodium: 4mg,\nFiber: 1g, Sugar: 22g\n\nNutrition is estimated using a food database and is only intended to be used\nas a guideline for informational purposes.\n\nCourse: Snack\n\nCuisine: American\n\nKeyword: how to pick watermelon\n\nPost updated with new photos and more tips in June 2018. Originally published\nApril 2011.\n\nposted in: All Recent Posts, Dessert, Gluten-free, Vegan, Whole30 Compliant\n280 comments\n\n### Don’t miss a recipe!\n\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\n\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\nnotifications.\n\n« Previous PostMexican Street Corn Salad with Black Beans\n\nNext Post » How to Cut a Watermelon\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n### 280 Comments on “How To Pick A Good Watermelon”\n\n 1. ralph bernstein — June 28, 2020 @ 5:01 pm Reply\n\nthe best way is the way they did it when i was a kid the watermelon vendor\nwould plug it for you if you didnt like it you did not buy it\n\n * Donna Hall — August 13, 2020 @ 1:27 pm Reply\n\nOh wow, I completely forgot that little blast from the past!\n\n 2. Harshit — July 18, 2020 @ 8:27 am Reply\n\nSuper techniques. Will definitely use next time when I will go for purchase\nthem\n\n### Don’t Miss a Recipe!\n\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\n\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\nnotifications.\n\n### Follow Me:\n\n### Looking for Something?\n\n### Don’t miss a recipe!\n\nSubscribe to receive new recipes via email:\n\nThank you! You have successfully subscribed to Fifteen Spatulas new posts\nnotifications.\n\n * ^ Back to Top\n * Home\n * About\n * Recipe Index\n * Travel\n * Contact\n * Privacy\n * Terms, Conditions, and Disclosures\n\n©2021 Fifteen Spatulas. Design by Purr.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170115100320/http://www.whataboutwatermelon.com:80/index.php/2009/05/how-to-choose-the-right-watermelon/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK)",
"passages": [
"In many ways, a watermelon is a lot like a Christmas gift: You’re pretty sure you’re going to like what’s inside, but you’re never really sure until you open it. Unlike a Christmas gift, however, with a watermelon, you’ll like what’s inside 100 percent of the time. (I’m about 75 percent with Christmas gifts.)",
"Since you can’t stealthily peel back the wrapping of a watermelon in the grocery store to sneak a peek at what’s inside, you’ll have to employ some different techniques to determine its “ripeness.” Personally, I use the following three-step process to find the right watermelon and I have to admit, it hasn’t failed me yet!",
"1. LOOK – Your watermelon should be firm, symmetrical and free of major bruises or scars. Some minor scratches are okay, however. After all, the purpose of that thick rind is to protect the delicious contents inside. Ripe watermelons should also be dark green in color.",
"2. LIFT – The ripest watermelons have the most water. And since watermelons are 92 percent water, your watermelon should be relatively heavy for its size.",
"3. TURN – Turn your watermelon over and check out its bottom, which should have a creamy yellow spot (also called “the ground spot”). This is where the watermelon sat on the ground while it soaked up the sun at the farm. If this spot is white or greenish, your watermelon may have been picked too soon and might not be as ripe as it should be.",
"Now I know what a lot of you are thinking: “What about the sound test? You know, knocking, tapping, drumming or thumping on the watermelon to test its ripeness?”",
"Here’s my stance on using your watermelon as a bongo drum in the produce aisle: While it’s true that the “sound test” can give you some insight on a watermelon’s ripeness, I don’t endorse or use the test because it’s too subjective and there’s no definitive agreement on which result the test is supposed to yield.",
"Some say a ripe watermelon will produce a hollow sound, while a “thick” or “solid” sound indicates a watermelon that’s not ripe or too ripe. Others say a hollow or “tight” sound is bad, and your watermelon should instead sound “firm.” Still others say a ripe watermelon should produce a B-flat sound. (What?!)",
"In other words, you can tap-tap-tap all you want, but if you perform the three-part test we talked about earlier, you should have no problem finding a great watermelon. As always, if anyone has any other tips or can clarify the sound test (please!), feel free to leave a comment!",
"the firm, dark green, heavy ones never any good for me. never ripe, but i will look for the yellow spot next time. just threw one away today.",
"Is the size of the melon important for sweetness? My wife just bought an oblong-shaped smaller organically grown melon since we have limited refrigerator space. It looked good and sounded good as far as the thump test, but we were unhappy. It was very juicy but bland and not sweet at all.",
"i am a diabetic and really love chilled watermelon 24 x 7! I sometimes find a white vein in the middle and it seems dry and unpleasant.",
"now, I will look for a yellow bottom, bee spots and a thumping sound with a vibration (really, b flat?). some are just great and I can eat 1/2 at one sitting, and when at night it makes me hit the bathroom but back to the frige for some more watermelon.",
"so, I will look for the yellow bottom, dark green body and maybe a thumping test. why can’t you just get an xray of the inners and let that tell you the best? maybe I will invent something!",
"The hollow sounding watermelon has never let me down. A dull sound will mean an inferior tasting melon. In the past, I’d settle for a melon without the hollow sound and regretted it. I will now also look for the yellow spot. Thanks for the info!",
"When in doubt with all these tips, I learned from my grandma to cut out a square chunk (like you would when carving a pumkin’s eye, nose, etc. but DON’T throw it away). I call this chunk the ‘melon cork’. After you pull the ‘melon cork’ out, check for ripeness. If it is not quite ripe yet, put the cork back in and wait, checking on it every few days.. You should have a mighty ripe watermelon eventually!",
"After looking for the yellow ground spot check the stem. It should be dark. A light color stem means it was picked green and probably still it green.",
"Pretty good advice, however, the thump test will give an indication if the watermelon is starting to separate in the middle. also press on the opposite end from the stem if it yields easily your melon is a gonner. Suzy A watermelon will continue to ripen after harvest if it was not picked too green. the stem must start to die from the vine befor it is picked. If you see a thick sturdy green stem but your melon meets all other guidlines the rind may be very thick. Mike’s Produce Guntersville AL HY 431.",
"What has always worked for me is that watermelon should have a small very string yellow circle (not creamy or light yellow) on one end and opposite side of that circle should be drak green in contrast. tapping will give you firmness of the melon.",
"I have always found yummy melon.Besides what you have said i always look for brown scars,(i have read they are formed because the thing is growing to fast and it is kind of a tare,and i have heard it is where insects (bees) have went after it for its sweetness).And Yes you dont want a mushy feel to any part of it.And if you know how to become one with the melon (be the melon) that will certainly help.",
"A man selling watermelons from a truck from Hermiston Oregon (home of the best watermelon in the nation, they are famous for their melons) said to look for tiny holes in a concentrated spot in the watermelon,,,that is where the bees have tried to get into the melons due to their sweetness (aka ripeness)...it has worked every time for me... and indicates not being picked too early and stored somewhere....",
"an italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the sweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since",
"actually tapping .. I flick end of my finger .. works with checking ripeness on full range of veges and fruits. A high pitched sound means it is tight, not soft and ripe. Try it on anything .. bananas, squash, as you like. The dull, thump thump sound means it is soft, more full of water .. and more ripe. All the words people use to define the sound are confusing. “High pitched”, and dull “dud dud” are easy to understand, and easy to determine in market place or garden. Snap some green and then overripe bananas and you will learn the difference quickly. I am a fruitarian, mostly, and have been doing this for years.",
"The cork method works but in a different way. When you buy the melon in the market you ask the guy to cut a cork and if you don’t like the look or taste you try another one. If second is still bad you thank the guy and go to the next. Of course we’re talking open producers market not superstore supercharged stuff. luckily in Romania we still have these markets dunno for how long",
"an italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the sweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since",
"How do you know what “relatively heavy for it’s size” means? Should I just pick up several and see if one is heavier than the others? My back might not like that, giggle",
"For the watermelon – sorry- it’s stem went through an upper level of the fence, therefore I put the watermelon (which has a yellow center based on others on the vein) on a couple of 5- gal. containers to relieve the stress on the vein. How do I check if its ready (it does sound hollow as one would hear when a loaf of bread is ready after baking) Thank you for your answer and hope this will help others with this same issue,",
"We always go with the method of just picking the largest that doesn’t look horrible. That is almost always better than using the sound, which we’ve found (like the author) to be not a good signal.",
"Well, i never pick a good watermelon, so this summer i’ll try the three step program! in fact i’m going to copy the three steps & put it in my purse right now, that way i won’t miss any of the steps! I’ll let you know if it works. Thank you for the information.",
"I spent many summers in Bakersfield, CA. My Pampa(grandfather) would say to look for that large white/pale yellow spot. The larger the spot, the longer it sat in once place while on the vine. I have always used that technic and it’s only been wrong once(my fault for caving to a craving in winter, in the off season). But in my childhood, the watermelons were huge & oblong, with seeds. Some skins were dark green, some with stripes. Now they all look the same and are all about the size of an oval basketball. But my Pampa’s system seems to still holds true!",
"I bought a watermelon 2 days ago using the three steps above, plus checking out the stem. It was beautiful, juicy, sweet and was plain old PERFECTION !!! It was a round melon, not an oblong one, so the spot on the “bottom ” was small but I had written the tips on my list to help. I will use this method going forward. Thanks so much!",
"This is the best watermelon picking advice ever. I have only been wrong two or 3 times since I started doing this and those times I was wrong I just really wanted a watermelon.",
"I have to give credit where credit is due. This is by far the best way to come home with the sweetest watermelon. When I follow those 3 rules I always get a great result!!! Always! I can’t thank you enough for this site!",
"So can you cut a hole in a watermelon that is still on the vine without ruining it. I want it to keep growing if I put a hole in it and its not ripe",
"I grew watermelons last year, Cool Guy, and I was tempted to cut a hole in them, too. Unfortunately, you can’t do that without ruining the watermelon.",
"With this knife you can easily cut a plug into a melon. Stick it in, twist, turn then take out.",
"It appears that the watermelon variety that I grew this summer (Orange Tendersweet) does not develop those light spots on the part where it was sitting. My two watermelons were green all over, and never changed color. No scent, either. I couldn’t tell if they were heavy for their size or not, as there was nothing to compare them to. I just had to guess based on when the seeds had been sown (June 21st). Our summers are long and warm well into the end of October, and I finally harvested the second one today, from a vine that was still green and healthy. Sometimes none of the tests work.",
"One of the comments was made by a diabetic who ate watermelon 24/7. Watermelon has a lot of sugar in it, therefore should be avoided, not consumed in large quantities continuously. Recent research has repeatedly shown that a high-fat very low carbohydrate diet can reverse diabetes. That include avoiding sugars from fruit.",
"...as for tapping, it fails sometimes, indeed it does. BUT I tap and listen for a sound as if a stress is on the peel anf just the right “hit” will cause it to burst from its own pressure! BOONG BOONG!! like a taut drum, ready to pop! BUT they are not always sweet when they “sing” so, and sometimes REGRETTABLY only pink.",
"You voted, we judged and we’re ready to announce the winners in the 2015 Watermelon Carving Contest. Check out our contest page for a round-up of this year’s champs!",
"Welcome to What About Watermelon, your one-stop online source for all the news and views about America’s favorite fruit. On What About Watermelon, we’ll share simple recipes, photos, facts and expert opinions about watermelons all year round, because watermelon is a year-round snack!",
"Got a question about watermelons? You’ve come to the right place. We’ve assembled the best panel of experts in the business -- from a chef, to a farmer, to the National Watermelon Queen herself -- and they’re ready to answer whatever’s on your mind."
]
},
"parsed_md": "HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK) - What\nAbout Watermelon? What About Watermelon?\n\n« APRIL/MAY POLL: WHEN DO YOU PURCHASE YOUR WATERMELON?\n\nAN INTERVIEW WITH THE NATIONAL WATERMELON QUEEN »\n\n## HOW TO CHOOSE THE “RIGHT” WATERMELON (AND WHY TAPPING DOESN’T WORK)\n\nIn many ways, a watermelon is a lot like a Christmas gift: You’re pretty sure\nyou’re going to like what’s inside, but you’re never really sure until you\nopen it. Unlike a Christmas gift, however, with a watermelon, you’ll like\nwhat’s inside 100 percent of the time. (I’m about 75 percent with Christmas\ngifts.)\n\nSince you can’t stealthily peel back the wrapping of a watermelon in the\ngrocery store to sneak a peek at what’s inside, you’ll have to employ some\ndifferent techniques to determine its “ripeness.” Personally, I use the\nfollowing three-step process to find the right watermelon and I have to admit,\nit hasn’t failed me yet!\n\n1\\. LOOK – Your watermelon should be firm, symmetrical and free of major\nbruises or scars. Some minor scratches are okay, however. After all, the\npurpose of that thick rind is to protect the delicious contents inside. Ripe\nwatermelons should also be dark green in color.\n\n2\\. LIFT – The ripest watermelons have the most water. And since watermelons\nare 92 percent water, your watermelon should be relatively heavy for its size.\n\n3\\. TURN – Turn your watermelon over and check out its bottom, which should\nhave a creamy yellow spot (also called “the ground spot”). This is where the\nwatermelon sat on the ground while it soaked up the sun at the farm. If this\nspot is white or greenish, your watermelon may have been picked too soon and\nmight not be as ripe as it should be.\n\nNow I know what a lot of you are thinking: “What about the sound test? You\nknow, knocking, tapping, drumming or thumping on the watermelon to test its\nripeness?”\n\nHere’s my stance on using your watermelon as a bongo drum in the produce\naisle: While it’s true that the “sound test” can give you some insight on a\nwatermelon’s ripeness, I don’t endorse or use the test because it’s too\nsubjective and there’s no definitive agreement on which result the test is\nsupposed to yield.\n\nSome say a ripe watermelon will produce a hollow sound, while a “thick” or\n“solid” sound indicates a watermelon that’s not ripe or too ripe. Others say a\nhollow or “tight” sound is bad, and your watermelon should instead sound\n“firm.” Still others say a ripe watermelon should produce a B-flat sound.\n(What?!)\n\nIn other words, you can tap-tap-tap all you want, but if you perform the\nthree-part test we talked about earlier, you should have no problem finding a\ngreat watermelon. As always, if anyone has any other tips or can clarify the\nsound test (please!), feel free to leave a comment!\n\n## Comments\n\n 1. joann says:\n\nJuly 4, 2013 at 11:41 pm\n\nthe firm, dark green, heavy ones never any good for me. never ripe, but i will\nlook for the yellow spot next time. just threw one away today.\n\n 2. daveG says:\n\nJuly 5, 2013 at 6:20 pm\n\nIs the size of the melon important for sweetness? My wife just bought an\noblong-shaped smaller organically grown melon since we have limited\nrefrigerator space. It looked good and sounded good as far as the thump test,\nbut we were unhappy. It was very juicy but bland and not sweet at all.\n\n 3. chipster says:\n\nJuly 5, 2013 at 9:48 pm\n\ni am a diabetic and really love chilled watermelon 24 x 7! I sometimes find a\nwhite vein in the middle and it seems dry and unpleasant.\n\nnow, I will look for a yellow bottom, bee spots and a thumping sound with a\nvibration (really, b flat?). some are just great and I can eat 1/2 at one\nsitting, and when at night it makes me hit the bathroom but back to the frige\nfor some more watermelon.\n\nso, I will look for the yellow bottom, dark green body and maybe a thumping\ntest. why can’t you just get an xray of the inners and let that tell you the\nbest? maybe I will invent something!\n\n 4. Sandy J says:\n\nJuly 8, 2013 at 1:37 pm\n\nThe hollow sounding watermelon has never let me down. A dull sound will mean\nan inferior tasting melon. In the past, I’d settle for a melon without the\nhollow sound and regretted it. I will now also look for the yellow spot.\nThanks for the info!\n\n 5. Kayla says:\n\nJuly 11, 2013 at 4:22 pm\n\nWhen in doubt with all these tips, I learned from my grandma to cut out a\nsquare chunk (like you would when carving a pumkin’s eye, nose, etc. but DON’T\nthrow it away). I call this chunk the ‘melon cork’. After you pull the ‘melon\ncork’ out, check for ripeness. If it is not quite ripe yet, put the cork back\nin and wait, checking on it every few days.. You should have a mighty ripe\nwatermelon eventually!\n\n 6. Richard W says:\n\nJuly 11, 2013 at 8:51 pm\n\nAfter looking for the yellow ground spot check the stem. It should be dark. A\nlight color stem means it was picked green and probably still it green.\n\n 7. Suzy says:\n\nJuly 15, 2013 at 1:34 pm\n\nWatermelons will not continue to ripen off the vine.\n\n 8. Michael Green says:\n\nJuly 22, 2013 at 12:33 am\n\nPretty good advice, however, the thump test will give an indication if the\nwatermelon is starting to separate in the middle. also press on the opposite\nend from the stem if it yields easily your melon is a gonner. Suzy A\nwatermelon will continue to ripen after harvest if it was not picked too\ngreen. the stem must start to die from the vine befor it is picked. If you see\na thick sturdy green stem but your melon meets all other guidlines the rind\nmay be very thick. Mike’s Produce Guntersville AL HY 431.\n\n 9. Melon Dexter says:\n\nAugust 3, 2013 at 4:48 pm\n\nWhat has always worked for me is that watermelon should have a small very\nstring yellow circle (not creamy or light yellow) on one end and opposite side\nof that circle should be drak green in contrast. tapping will give you\nfirmness of the melon.\n\n 10. Daniel says:\n\nAugust 4, 2013 at 1:09 pm\n\nI have always found yummy melon.Besides what you have said i always look for\nbrown scars,(i have read they are formed because the thing is growing to fast\nand it is kind of a tare,and i have heard it is where insects (bees) have went\nafter it for its sweetness).And Yes you dont want a mushy feel to any part of\nit.And if you know how to become one with the melon (be the melon) that will\ncertainly help.\n\n 11. Valerie says:\n\nAugust 8, 2013 at 3:12 am\n\nA man selling watermelons from a truck from Hermiston Oregon (home of the best\nwatermelon in the nation, they are famous for their melons) said to look for\ntiny holes in a concentrated spot in the watermelon,,,that is where the bees\nhave tried to get into the melons due to their sweetness (aka ripeness)...it\nhas worked every time for me... and indicates not being picked too early and\nstored somewhere....\n\n 12. pat says:\n\nAugust 8, 2013 at 5:12 pm\n\nan italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the\nsweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\n\n 13. ananda says:\n\nAugust 18, 2013 at 2:15 pm\n\nactually tapping .. I flick end of my finger .. works with checking ripeness\non full range of veges and fruits. A high pitched sound means it is tight, not\nsoft and ripe. Try it on anything .. bananas, squash, as you like. The dull,\nthump thump sound means it is soft, more full of water .. and more ripe. All\nthe words people use to define the sound are confusing. “High pitched”, and\ndull “dud dud” are easy to understand, and easy to determine in market place\nor garden. Snap some green and then overripe bananas and you will learn the\ndifference quickly. I am a fruitarian, mostly, and have been doing this for\nyears.\n\n 14. cristian says:\n\nAugust 22, 2013 at 4:00 pm\n\nThe cork method works but in a different way. When you buy the melon in the\nmarket you ask the guy to cut a cork and if you don’t like the look or taste\nyou try another one. If second is still bad you thank the guy and go to the\nnext. Of course we’re talking open producers market not superstore\nsupercharged stuff. luckily in Romania we still have these markets dunno for\nhow long\n\n 15. pickwatermelon.com says:\n\nAugust 27, 2013 at 11:36 am\n\nan italian guy told me to buy one that is rock hard. the harder it is, the\nsweeter it will be. it worked. i’ve had a winner everytime since\n\n 16. Lisa says:\n\nSeptember 1, 2013 at 3:09 pm\n\nHow do you know what “relatively heavy for it’s size” means? Should I just\npick up several and see if one is heavier than the others? My back might not\nlike that, giggle\n\n 17. Mike says:\n\nSeptember 16, 2013 at 10:34 am\n\nFor the watermelon – sorry- it’s stem went through an upper level of the\nfence, therefore I put the watermelon (which has a yellow center based on\nothers on the vein) on a couple of 5- gal. containers to relieve the stress on\nthe vein. How do I check if its ready (it does sound hollow as one would hear\nwhen a loaf of bread is ready after baking) Thank you for your answer and hope\nthis will help others with this same issue,\n\nMike T.\n\n 18. Greg says:\n\nSeptember 20, 2013 at 5:46 pm\n\nWe always go with the method of just picking the largest that doesn’t look\nhorrible. That is almost always better than using the sound, which we’ve found\n(like the author) to be not a good signal.\n\n 19. Judith Rose Kawohionalani says:\n\nApril 8, 2014 at 2:21 am\n\nWell, i never pick a good watermelon, so this summer i’ll try the three step\nprogram! in fact i’m going to copy the three steps & put it in my purse right\nnow, that way i won’t miss any of the steps! I’ll let you know if it works.\nThank you for the information.\n\n 20. Miss Whipity says:\n\nMay 19, 2014 at 4:02 pm\n\nI spent many summers in Bakersfield, CA. My Pampa(grandfather) would say to\nlook for that large white/pale yellow spot. The larger the spot, the longer it\nsat in once place while on the vine. I have always used that technic and it’s\nonly been wrong once(my fault for caving to a craving in winter, in the off\nseason). But in my childhood, the watermelons were huge & oblong, with seeds.\nSome skins were dark green, some with stripes. Now they all look the same and\nare all about the size of an oval basketball. But my Pampa’s system seems to\nstill holds true!\n\n 21. DS says:\n\nJune 25, 2014 at 9:05 pm\n\nDon’t underrate the ‘be the melon advice...’ This works for all produce. Also\nfresh fish and more...\n\n 22. Denise says:\n\nJune 26, 2014 at 4:30 pm\n\nI bought a watermelon 2 days ago using the three steps above, plus checking\nout the stem. It was beautiful, juicy, sweet and was plain old PERFECTION !!!\nIt was a round melon, not an oblong one, so the spot on the “bottom ” was\nsmall but I had written the tips on my list to help. I will use this method\ngoing forward. Thanks so much!\n\n 23. Tiah says:\n\nJune 29, 2014 at 12:34 pm\n\nThis is the best watermelon picking advice ever. I have only been wrong two or\n3 times since I started doing this and those times I was wrong I just really\nwanted a watermelon.\n\n 24. Tosha says:\n\nJuly 4, 2014 at 5:06 pm\n\nI have to give credit where credit is due. This is by far the best way to come\nhome with the sweetest watermelon. When I follow those 3 rules I always get a\ngreat result!!! Always! I can’t thank you enough for this site!\n\n 25. Cool guy says:\n\nJuly 25, 2014 at 7:06 pm\n\nSo can you cut a hole in a watermelon that is still on the vine without\nruining it. I want it to keep growing if I put a hole in it and its not ripe\n\n 26. The Watermelon Guy says:\n\nJuly 28, 2014 at 3:54 pm\n\nI grew watermelons last year, Cool Guy, and I was tempted to cut a hole in\nthem, too. Unfortunately, you can’t do that without ruining the watermelon.\n\n 27. pitius says:\n\nJuly 30, 2014 at 9:39 am\n\nWatermelon plugger\n\nhttp://forums2.gardenweb.com/forums/tools/msg0621384023037.jpg\n\nWith this knife you can easily cut a plug into a melon. Stick it in, twist,\nturn then take out.\n\n 28. HollyChicken says:\n\nAugust 17, 2014 at 7:09 pm\n\nThe bottom of it should be an inny like a belly button. Worked 99% of the\ntime.\n\n 29. Andrea says:\n\nOctober 19, 2014 at 6:37 pm\n\nIt appears that the watermelon variety that I grew this summer (Orange\nTendersweet) does not develop those light spots on the part where it was\nsitting. My two watermelons were green all over, and never changed color. No\nscent, either. I couldn’t tell if they were heavy for their size or not, as\nthere was nothing to compare them to. I just had to guess based on when the\nseeds had been sown (June 21st). Our summers are long and warm well into the\nend of October, and I finally harvested the second one today, from a vine that\nwas still green and healthy. Sometimes none of the tests work.\n\n 30. Tom says:\n\nMay 24, 2015 at 7:58 am\n\nOne of the comments was made by a diabetic who ate watermelon 24/7. Watermelon\nhas a lot of sugar in it, therefore should be avoided, not consumed in large\nquantities continuously. Recent research has repeatedly shown that a high-fat\nvery low carbohydrate diet can reverse diabetes. That include avoiding sugars\nfrom fruit.\n\n 31. Lauren says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2015 at 6:29 pm\n\nI like watermelons!!!!!!!\n\n 32. Lauren says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2015 at 6:31 pm\n\n:);) Watermelons\n\n 33. Negrito Jr. says:\n\nOctober 13, 2015 at 2:25 am\n\noo juicy. I love me some watermelown.\n\n 34. MARC says:\n\nJanuary 26, 2016 at 4:20 pm\n\n...as for tapping, it fails sometimes, indeed it does. BUT I tap and listen\nfor a sound as if a stress is on the peel anf just the right “hit” will cause\nit to burst from its own pressure! BOONG BOONG!! like a taut drum, ready to\npop! BUT they are not always sweet when they “sing” so, and sometimes\nREGRETTABLY only pink.\n\n« Older Comments\n\n### Leave a Reply\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\n * ## What's the most important part of a good picnic?\n\nLoading ...\n\n * ## Subscribe\n\n * ## 2015 Watermelon Carving Contest\n\nYou voted, we judged and we’re ready to announce the winners in the 2015\nWatermelon Carving Contest. Check out our contest page for a round-up of this\nyear’s champs!\n\n * ## About\n\nWelcome to What About Watermelon, your one-stop online source for all the news\nand views about America’s favorite fruit. On What About Watermelon, we’ll\nshare simple recipes, photos, facts and expert opinions about watermelons all\nyear round, because watermelon is a year-round snack!\n\n * ## Ask The Watermelon Experts\n\nGot a question about watermelons? You’ve come to the right place. We’ve\nassembled the best panel of experts in the business -- from a chef, to a\nfarmer, to the National Watermelon Queen herself -- and they’re ready to\nanswer whatever’s on your mind.\n\nClick here to learn more about our experts.\n\nEmily Brown National Watermelon Queen 2015\n\nEmail Emily\n\nDr. Penny Perkins-Veazie Plant Physiologist and Professor\n\nEmail Dr. Penny\n\nElizabeth Somer, M.A. Nutritionist and Dietitian\n\nEmail Elizabeth\n\nJosh Bailey Watermelon Grower and Shipper\n\nEmail Josh\n\nJ-Slice All-around cool guy\n\nEmail J-Slice\n\n * ## Archives\n\n * ## Blogroll\n\n * Alabama Watermelon Association\n * Florida Watermelon Association\n * Georgia Watermelon Association\n * Illiana Watermelon Association (Illinois and Indiana)\n * Maryland-Delaware Watermelon Association\n * North Carolina Watermelon Association\n * South Carolina Watermelon Board\n * The National Watermelon Association\n * Western Watermelon Association\n * ## Links\n\n * National Watermelon Promotion Board\n * ## Recent Comments\n\n * Michelle Greenleaf on ASK THE EXPERTS: THE MYSTERIOUS BLUE WATERMELON\n * Amanda on ASK THE EXPERTS: CAN I PLANT A WATERMELON SEED?\n * Gage on CAN A WATERMELON BE USED TO CHARGE A CELLPHONE?\n * Charlie on BEHIND THE WATERMELON: THE YELLOW FLESH\n * do not argue with me on WATERMELON: A FRUIT OR A VEGETABLE?\n * ## Recent Posts\n\n * HOW TO MAKE: WATERMELON RICE KRISPIE TREATS!\n * NEW YEAR’S RESOLUTION UPDATE: WEAK PAPER AIRPLANES AND VERY STRONG WATERMELON\n * SECOND SLICE: AN INSIDE LOOK AT JAPAN’S LEGENDARY $200 SQUARE WATERMELON\n * SAINT PATRICK’S DAY RECIPE: SUPER GREEN DETOX SMOOTHIE\n * ON YOUR MARK, GET SET, CARVE!\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://homecooking.about.com/od/fruitstorage/a/watermelonstorage.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160306014119/http://homecooking.about.com/od/fruitstorage/a/watermelonstorage.htm",
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"title": "How to Select and Store a Watermelon",
"passages": [
"Watermelon season runs from May to September, but peak is mid-June to late August, making them a perfect summer choice in the northern hemisphere.",
"There are several schools of thought on how to select a properly ripened melon, but I've always used the thumping method with great success. When thumped by flicking the middle finger off the thumb against the melon, the melon should produce a deep, rich thudding sound. The skin should be dull and slightly waxy (although many are waxed to shine), yielding only slightly to pressure, and the stem should be attached, brownish and dry. The round or oblong melon should be symmetrical without any flat sides, feeling heavy for its size. The underside where it lies on the ground should be a pale yellow color, not white or light green.",
"Melons will continue to ripen and soften a little at room temperature but not much. Melons picked before their prime will never develop full flavor. Whole watermelon should be stored in the refrigerator for up to 1 week. Chilling injury occurs at temperatures below 40 degrees.",
"If you are purchasing a cut standard melon, look for bright red flesh with mature dark brown or black seeds. Unless it is a seedless variety, an abundance of white seeds means it was picked before its prime. Avoid those with white streaks through the flesh and those pieces where the flesh is mealy, dry, and/or separating from the seeds."
]
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"parsed_md": "How to Select and Store a Watermelon\n\n * About.com\n * Autos\n * Careers\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Education\n * en Español\n * Entertainment\n * Food\n * Health\n * Home\n * Money\n * News & Issues\n * Parenting\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports\n * Style\n * Tech\n * Travel\n\n * 1\n\nWatermelon Storage and Selection - How to...\n\n * 2\n\nWatermelon Varieties - Types of watermelon\n\n * 3\n\nWatermelon History\n\n * 4\n\nBanana Selection and Storage\n\n * 5\n\nAvocado Storage and Selection\n\n * About.com\n * About Food\n * Home Cooking\n * . . .\n * Food Storage\n * Fruit Storage - How to select and store fruit\n\n# Watermelon Storage and Selection - How to choose a watermelon\n\nDoes thumping work to select a watermelon?\n\nWatermelon Fruit. © 2007 Peggy Trowbridge Filippone, licensed to About.com,\nInc.\n\nBy Peggy Trowbridge Filippone\n\nHome Cooking Expert\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nTweet\n\nSubmit\n\nStumble\n\nPost\n\nShare\n\nBy Peggy Trowbridge Filippone\n\n### Watermelon Selection and Storage\n\nWatermelon season runs from May to September, but peak is mid-June to late\nAugust, making them a perfect summer choice in the northern hemisphere.\n\nThere are several schools of thought on how to select a properly ripened\nmelon, but I've always used the thumping method with great success. When\nthumped by flicking the middle finger off the thumb against the melon, the\nmelon should produce a deep, rich thudding sound. The skin should be dull and\nslightly waxy (although many are waxed to shine), yielding only slightly to\npressure, and the stem should be attached, brownish and dry. The round or\noblong melon should be symmetrical without any flat sides, feeling heavy for\nits size. The underside where it lies on the ground should be a pale yellow\ncolor, not white or light green.\n\nMelons will continue to ripen and soften a little at room temperature but not\nmuch. Melons picked before their prime will never develop full flavor. Whole\nwatermelon should be stored in the refrigerator for up to 1 week. Chilling\ninjury occurs at temperatures below 40 degrees.\n\nIf you are purchasing a cut standard melon, look for bright red flesh with\nmature dark brown or black seeds. Unless it is a seedless variety, an\nabundance of white seeds means it was picked before its prime. Avoid those\nwith white streaks through the flesh and those pieces where the flesh is\nmealy, dry, and/or separating from the seeds.\n\nCut watermelon should be wrapped tightly, refrigerated and used within a few\ndays.\n\n### Watermelon Information and Watermelon Recipes\n\nWatermelon Selection and Storage Watermelon Varieties and Types Watermelons\nand Health Watermelon History Make a Watermelon Basket - Step by step with\nphotos Watermelon Recipes _Watermelon Photo © 2007 Peggy Trowbridge Filippone,\nlicensed to About.com, Inc.\n\nCookbooks\n\nChez Panisse Fruit \n--- \nNicole Routhier's Fruit Cookbook \nFarmers Market Cookbook \nSweet and Sugarfree \nMore Cookbooks \n \n##### Related\n\n * Discover the Many Types of Watermelon\n * Watermelon History\n * Can You Freeze Watermelon?\n * Dress Up Watermelon With Savory Cumin\n\n##### More from the Web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\n##### Sign Up for Our Free Newsletters\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n##### Home Cooking Categories\n\n * Recipes\n * Cooking Resources\n * Holiday, Special Occasion, and Party Recipes\n * Classic Dish Recipes and Cooking Information\n * How to Cook\n * Food Information / Health Information\n * Food Storage\n * Kitchen Equipment Product Reviews\n * Cookbook Reviews and Recommendations\n * Kitchen Safety\n * Blog\n * Cooking information, kitchen helpers, and tips.\n * Classic and Traditional Favorite Recipes\n * Special Occasions, Parties, and Holidays\n * Updated Articles and Resources\n * Expert Videos\n\nView More\n\nAbout Food Follow us:\n\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Food in your inbox.\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n * Our Story\n * Advertise With Us\n * Site Map\n * Help\n\n * Write for About\n * Careers at About\n * Terms of Use & Policies\n\n© 2016 About.com — All rights reserved.\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150716011940/http://www.nytimes.com:80/2010/08/18/dining/18melonside.html?_r=0",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Choose a Watermelon",
"passages": [
"LIKE relationships, watermelons offer no guarantees. But a little wisdom from the experts can help you choose a good one at the store.",
"First, find a melon that’s dull, not shiny, and uniform in shape. Odd bumps and curves can mean it was grown with irregular runs of water or sun.",
"Then look for a creamy patch. It’s called the field spot — the place where the watermelon rested on the ground. The deeper in color, the longer the fully grown melon was on the vine getting sweet. Yellow is better than white, but white is better than no patch at all.",
"Then there is the controversial thump. Some watermelon farmers swear by it. Other say it’s hooey, with too many subtle variables to make it useful.",
"But believers say to hold the melon away from your body and give it a few good raps with your knuckles. (There are slappers, but that’s an even tougher sound to decipher.)",
"Listen for a melon that sounds full and more like a tenor than a bass. A deeper sound can mean it’s not ripe and full of water. It can mean the center of the fruit is separated into chunks, a condition caused either by pollination problems or by farmers trying to hurry things along with too much nitrogen fertilizer and water. Whatever the cause, the condition is called hollow heart, and it’s a sad one indeed.",
"A version of this article appears in print on August 18, 2010, on page D7 of the New York edition with the headline: To Thump or Not to Thump?. Order Reprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Choose a Watermelon - The New York Times\n\nNYTimes.com no longer supports Internet Explorer 9 or earlier. Please upgrade\nyour browser. LEARN MORE »\n\nSkip to content Skip to navigation View mobile version\n\n###### Dining & Wine|How to Choose a Watermelon\n\nAdvertisement\n\nsearch sponsored by\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Dining & Wine\n\n# How to Choose a Watermelon\n\nBy KIM SEVERSONAUG. 17, 2010\n\nInside\n\nSupported By\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nContinue reading the main story Share This Page\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nLIKE relationships, watermelons offer no guarantees. But a little wisdom from\nthe experts can help you choose a good one at the store.\n\nFirst, find a melon that’s dull, not shiny, and uniform in shape. Odd bumps\nand curves can mean it was grown with irregular runs of water or sun.\n\nThen look for a creamy patch. It’s called the field spot — the place where the\nwatermelon rested on the ground. The deeper in color, the longer the fully\ngrown melon was on the vine getting sweet. Yellow is better than white, but\nwhite is better than no patch at all.\n\nPick it up. Your watermelon should feel heavy for its size. Compare its weight\nwith one of similar size.\n\nThen there is the controversial thump. Some watermelon farmers swear by it.\nOther say it’s hooey, with too many subtle variables to make it useful.\n\nBut believers say to hold the melon away from your body and give it a few good\nraps with your knuckles. (There are slappers, but that’s an even tougher sound\nto decipher.)\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n## Related Coverage\n\n * ## Farmers Focus on Small, Seedless WatermelonsAUG. 17, 2010\n\n * ## Recipe: Recipe: Cucumber-Watermelon SaladAUG. 17, 2010\n\nListen for a melon that sounds full and more like a tenor than a bass. A\ndeeper sound can mean it’s not ripe and full of water. It can mean the center\nof the fruit is separated into chunks, a condition caused either by\npollination problems or by farmers trying to hurry things along with too much\nnitrogen fertilizer and water. Whatever the cause, the condition is called\nhollow heart, and it’s a sad one indeed.\n\nA version of this article appears in print on August 18, 2010, on page D7 of\nthe New York edition with the headline: To Thump or Not to Thump?. Order\nReprints| Today's Paper|Subscribe\n\nLoading...\n\nGo to Home Page »\n\n## Site Index\n\n"
}
] |
97,451 | How To Teach Your Rabbit to Come when Called | To teach your rabbit to come when called, start by sitting on the floor near your rabbit with a bag of healthy treats, like carrots or celery. Hold out a treat and say your rabbit's name in a calm voice, giving the rabbit the treat and verbal praise if it approaches you. Then, move a little further away, hold out another treat, and repeat the command. Be sure to train your rabbit every day for about 5-10 minutes for the best results! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628084443/http://www.clickerbunny.com/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201111204730/http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421094959/http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm"
] | train | 1,738 | [
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"title": "Rabbit training resources",
"passages": [
"Who me? Train my rabbit? Of course you can train your rabbit, and this delightful book explains exactly how to do it.",
"Why train my rabbit? Why indeed ... to have fun, improve quality of life, use a litter box, come when called, get along with others and more.",
"When is there time to train my rabbit? Train him at feeding time and 5 minutes here, 3 minutes there. Anyone has time to train a bunny.",
"How can I get started? Click here to buy the book and get clicking with your rabbit. (You will be transferred to the KPCT webstore for your purchase)",
"Where can I find a rabbit trainer to help me? You can host a clicker bunny seminar for your shelter or organization or join the clicker critters discussion group.",
"Where can I buy fun toys, food and other great stuff for my bunny? Visit Small Pet Select for all your rabbit needs",
"Attention newsletter editors - We would be pleased to submit an article about rabbit clicker training for your newsletter: contact us",
"This website provides information for anyone wanting to learn about clicker training and its application to small pets. Clicker training is effective for all types of pets. Pets mentioned in these pages include: rabbit, bunny, gerbil, hamster, mouse, rat, ferret, guinea pig, sugar glider, flying squirrel, chinchilla and degu. There are articles about clicker training, clicker videos, information about rabbit care, housing feeding and training as well as information about rabbit behavior."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Clicker Bunny - Rabbit training resources\n\nWho me? Train my rabbit? Of course you can train your rabbit, and this\ndelightful book explains exactly how to do it.\n\nWhy train my rabbit? Why indeed ... to have fun, improve quality of life, use\na litter box, come when called, get along with others and more.\n\nWhen is there time to train my rabbit? Train him at feeding time and 5 minutes\nhere, 3 minutes there. Anyone has time to train a bunny.\n\nWhat stuff do I need? All you need is a clicker and food that your bunny\nlikes.\n\nHow can I get started? Click here to buy the book and get clicking with your\nrabbit. (You will be transferred to the KPCT webstore for your purchase)\n\nWhere can I find a rabbit trainer to help me? You can host a clicker bunny\nseminar for your shelter or organization or join the clicker critters\ndiscussion group.\n\nWhere can I buy fun toys, food and other great stuff for my bunny? Visit Small\nPet Select for all your rabbit needs \n \n--- \n|\n\nTestimonials\n\nBuy the book (print version: from Amazon)\n\nAttention newsletter editors - We would be pleased to submit an article about\nrabbit clicker training for your newsletter: contact us\n\nContact the authors by email or by phone 877-350-3232\n\nIf you are interested in bulk orders for resale please contact Fran at KPCT -\nSunshine Books. \n \n--- \n \nThis website provides information for anyone wanting to learn about clicker\ntraining and its application to small pets. Clicker training is effective for\nall types of pets. Pets mentioned in these pages include: rabbit, bunny,\ngerbil, hamster, mouse, rat, ferret, guinea pig, sugar glider, flying\nsquirrel, chinchilla and degu. There are articles about clicker training,\nclicker videos, information about rabbit care, housing feeding and training as\nwell as information about rabbit behavior.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201111204730/http://www.bio.miami.edu/hare/training.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Training Your Rabbit",
"passages": [
"We have to be honest. Most people will not be able to obedience train a rabbit the way they might be able to train a dog. This does NOT mean rabbits are stupid. Quite the contrary! A rabbit may understand very clearly that you are trying to get him to do something, but will simply give you a baleful stare and continue doing his business as if to say, \"Yeah, I hear you. But what's in it for me?\" This irritates you until a minute later, when your adorably manipulative bunny comes running for kisses and cuddles.",
"Let's compare a rabbit to a dog, that quintissential model of (potential) obedience. The ancestral dog was a cooperative pack animal. He was utterly submissive to his alpha dog: the chief of the pack. Humans took that characteristic and bred domestic dogs to have a very strong desire to please their new",
"Now consider the rabbit. The wild rabbits from which our domestic friends are descended are indeed social creatures--but they are herbivores who have not had the evolutionary pressure to be highly cooperative. The family group lives in a series of excavated tunnels (the warren) in the earth. There is a social hierarchy, but it is generally based on which rabbit is the strongest and toughest. Rabbits cooperate only in the sense their evolutionarily programmed alarm systems benefit the entire warren. Rabbits can certainly be extremely affectionate with one another, but they also have distinct likes and dislikes of other rabbits. It's often impossible for a human to guess which rabbits will fall in love, and which ones will hate each other from the start and never learn to get along. Surprisingly, it's often easier for a rabbit to get along with a human, cat, dog, guinea pig or other animal than with an unfamiliar member of his/her own species.",
"Unlike dogs, rabbits have no innate desire to please an alpha. If the human caregiver becomes so frustrated with the apparent disobedience of the rabbit that s/he becomes physically abusive, the rabbit will begin to consider the human as an enemy, and never forget the physical punishment. Hitting a rabbit is not only dangerous to the animal (the skeleton is extremely fragile), but unproductive. The rabbit subjected to physical punishment may become extremely aggressive, hopelessly fearful or--believe it or not--vindictive. With love and patience, the human caregiver can teach the bunny what is acceptable and what is not. The only effective way to train a rabbit away from undesirable behaviors is with positive reinforcement and very gentle negative reinforcement, such as a squirt with a water bottle and a firm \"No!\" when the bunny is being naughty.",
"...Which brings us to the question, \"What is \"naughty\" for a rabbit?\" The human caregiver must accept that certain behaviors we might consider objectionable (e.g., chewing furniture, digging carpet, marking with urine in a corner) are not naughty to the bunny, and are, in fact, extensions of the rabbits natural behavior. If the bunny is chewing furniture, you can dab some nail biting remedy on the problem areas--but don't forget to provide the bunny with chew toys (untreated wicker baskets, clean, tape and staple-free cardboard boxes, untreated pine molding, macaw-safe chew toys, etc.) as a substitute. If the bunny is digging carpet, and you don't have access to a safe, fenced area where the bunny can have some supervised digging time, cover the problem areas with 100% cotton bath mats and provide a large litterbox full of organic litter and shredded paper or a paper grocery bag filled with fresh grass hay. If the bunny is insistent about using a particular corner for urination, even after repeated warnings and white vinegar deodorizing, give in and put a color-coordinated litterbox in that corner.",
"Living with a rabbit can mean learning to compromise, but it tends to make us better, more toleratnt people in the long run. We highly recommend it!",
"Spay/Neuter: The First Step The most important thing to remember is that your rabbit is very unlikely to retain reliable litterbox habits upon reaching sexual maturity unless she is spayed/he is neutered. Sex hormones give a rabbit an uncontrollable desire to mark the territory with urine and specially scented fecal pellets. Spay/neuter will eliminate/greatly reduce this drive, as well as eliminate the risk of uterine/ovarian cancer and unwanted pregnancy in females. And let's not forget the huge relief from endless sexual frustration that spayed/neutered animals enjoy.",
"To train your rabbit to use a litterbox in a selected area, choose a litterbox that is the right size for the bunny. Don't force a tiny dwarf rabbit to leap into an enormous, high-sided box designed for a gigantic cat--and don't make your French Lop squeeze his big frame into a toaster-sized toilet. The litterbox should be comfortable, and located in a quiet, private place.",
"What Type of Litters are Safe for Rabbits? Be sure to use ORGANIC litter in the box. Clay litters--especially clumping litters--are inexpensive, but very unhealthy for two reasons. First, the inhaled clay dust can cause respiratory problems. Second, when ingested as dust licked off paws or as a crunchy treat straight from the box (yes, some of them do it!), the highly dehydrated clay litter absorbs vital fluids from the intestine itself and can cause serious impactions and intestinal slowdowns. Clay litter is not healthy for rabbits or cats.",
"Organic litters include those made from recycled paper products (e.g. Carefresh, Nature Fresh), pelleted wood sawdust (e.g. Feline Pine, Aspen pellets) or other pelleted organic products. We strongly advise against the use of CatWorks organic litter, however. This particular brand of litter contains a binder with a very high zinc content. We know of at least one confirmed death due to zinc poisoning in a bunny who ingested CatWorks.",
"Do not use cedar or pine shavings (even those cute, dyed green ones that supposedly contain active chlorophyll--which they don't), as these produce potent aromatic compounds that can potentiate (i.e., increase the effect of) liver enzymes. This can be a problem if the bunny is taking any type of medication or if s/he's facing possible anesthesia. Because the liver is intimately involved with the metabolism of many drugs, their effects in the rabbit will be unpredictable if the bunny is also metabolizing aromatic compounds from wood shavings.",
"Now that you have set up a safe, comfortable box, put it in an area where the bunny can be comfortably confined for a few days, except for brief excursions for run and play. You can place the box inside the indoor hutch, tuck it behind the john in the bathroom, or place it in a corner of the laundry room: whatever is convenient as well as attractive to the bunny.",
"Use a baby gate to enclose the bunny in the selected room with his litterbox, and be sure to provide plenty of toys, food, water and comfortable places to sleep. This will be bunny's home base and should be as inviting as you can make it. It may take a few days for the bunny to reliably use the box, as he may mark the area thoroughly as he settles in. It may help to soak or sweep up \"accidents\" (they're not accidents) with a bit of tissue and put the tissue in the box. He'll get the idea! Like cats, most rabbits prefer to do their biz in a nice, absorbent spot such as a clean litterbox.",
"It often helps to put a handful of timothy hay in a clean corner of the litterbox to encourage use of the box. A rabbit will often sit in the box, happily munching at one end, while the processed product comes out the other end. This may seem a bit disgusting to a human, but rabbits don't consider their feces to be dirty. Some rabbits will even nap in the litterbox! As long as the litterbox is changed regularly, this should pose no problem: rabbit fecal pellets are hard, dry and relatively odorless. In fact, rabbit litterbox leavings are just about the best natural, organic fertilizer you can get for your garden! Grow an herb garden, fertilize with bunny's litterbox leftovers (including the organic litter) and enjoy the ultimate in recycling!",
"Once your bunny is reliable about using the litterbox in his area, you can gradually increase his freedom. Be sure that he can always get back to his litterbox when he's free in the house. There's a possibility that he may pick a second area in the house as a toilet corner. If the behavior continues, even after squirt bottle and white vinegar, you may have to raise the white flag and provide another litterbox or two. But bunny's litterbox should not smell if it's changed regularly.",
"For more tips and information on litter box training your bunny, be sure to visit House Rabbit Society FAQ on Litter Training."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Training Your Rabbit\n\n## Training Your Rabbit: Reality 101\n\n###\n\nby Dana Krempels, Ph.D.\n\n## Obedience Training\n\nWe have to be honest. Most people will not be able to obedience train a rabbit\nthe way they might be able to train a dog. This does NOT mean rabbits are\nstupid. Quite the contrary! A rabbit may understand very clearly that you are\ntrying to get him to do something, but will simply give you a baleful stare\nand continue doing his business as if to say, \"Yeah, I hear you. But what's in\nit for me?\" This irritates you until a minute later, when your adorably\nmanipulative bunny comes running for kisses and cuddles.\n\nQuestion: Are rabbits intelligent? Answer: Your college kid should be this\nsmart.\n\nQuestion: Do rabbits like to obey? Answer: Hahahahahaha.\n\n## Why is a Rabbit Not Like a Dog?\n\nLet's compare a rabbit to a dog, that quintissential model of (potential)\nobedience. The ancestral dog was a cooperative pack animal. He was utterly\nsubmissive to his alpha dog: the chief of the pack. Humans took that\ncharacteristic and bred domestic dogs to have a very strong desire to please\ntheir *new* alpha, the Human Master. Most dogs have a puppylike desire to\nplease their perceived alpha, and this is what makes them so easy to train (at\nleast in the hands of an experienced dog trainer who understands the way a\ndog's mind works).\n\nNow consider the rabbit. The wild rabbits from which our domestic friends are\ndescended are indeed social creatures--but they are herbivores who have not\nhad the evolutionary pressure to be highly cooperative. The family group lives\nin a series of excavated tunnels (the warren) in the earth. There is a social\nhierarchy, but it is generally based on which rabbit is the strongest and\ntoughest. Rabbits cooperate only in the sense their evolutionarily programmed\nalarm systems benefit the entire warren. Rabbits can certainly be extremely\naffectionate with one another, but they also have distinct likes and dislikes\nof other rabbits. It's often impossible for a human to guess which rabbits\nwill fall in love, and which ones will hate each other from the start and\nnever learn to get along. Surprisingly, it's often easier for a rabbit to get\nalong with a human, cat, dog, guinea pig or other animal than with an\nunfamiliar member of his/her own species.\n\nUnlike dogs, rabbits have no innate desire to please an alpha. If the human\ncaregiver becomes so frustrated with the apparent disobedience of the rabbit\nthat s/he becomes physically abusive, the rabbit will begin to consider the\nhuman as an enemy, and never forget the physical punishment. Hitting a rabbit\nis not only dangerous to the animal (the skeleton is extremely fragile), but\nunproductive. The rabbit subjected to physical punishment may become extremely\naggressive, hopelessly fearful or--believe it or not--vindictive. With love\nand patience, the human caregiver can teach the bunny what is acceptable and\nwhat is not. The only effective way to train a rabbit away from undesirable\nbehaviors is with positive reinforcement and very gentle negative\nreinforcement, such as a squirt with a water bottle and a firm \"No!\" when the\nbunny is being naughty.\n\n## Naughty is as Naughty Does\n\n...Which brings us to the question, \"What is \"naughty\" for a rabbit?\" The\nhuman caregiver must accept that certain behaviors we might consider\nobjectionable (e.g., chewing furniture, digging carpet, marking with urine in\na corner) are not naughty to the bunny, and are, in fact, extensions of the\nrabbits natural behavior. If the bunny is chewing furniture, you can dab some\nnail biting remedy on the problem areas--but don't forget to provide the bunny\nwith chew toys (untreated wicker baskets, clean, tape and staple-free\ncardboard boxes, untreated pine molding, macaw-safe chew toys, etc.) as a\nsubstitute. If the bunny is digging carpet, and you don't have access to a\nsafe, fenced area where the bunny can have some supervised digging time, cover\nthe problem areas with 100% cotton bath mats and provide a large litterbox\nfull of organic litter and shredded paper or a paper grocery bag filled with\nfresh grass hay. If the bunny is insistent about using a particular corner for\nurination, even after repeated warnings and white vinegar deodorizing, give in\nand put a color-coordinated litterbox in that corner.\n\nLiving with a rabbit can mean learning to compromise, but it tends to make us\nbetter, more toleratnt people in the long run. We highly recommend it!\n\n## Learning to Use the Litterbox\n\nSpay/Neuter: The First Step The most important thing to remember is that your\nrabbit is very unlikely to retain reliable litterbox habits upon reaching\nsexual maturity unless she is spayed/he is neutered. Sex hormones give a\nrabbit an uncontrollable desire to mark the territory with urine and specially\nscented fecal pellets. Spay/neuter will eliminate/greatly reduce this drive,\nas well as eliminate the risk of uterine/ovarian cancer and unwanted pregnancy\nin females. And let's not forget the huge relief from endless sexual\nfrustration that spayed/neutered animals enjoy.\n\nGet the Right Box!\n\nTo train your rabbit to use a litterbox in a selected area, choose a litterbox\nthat is the right size for the bunny. Don't force a tiny dwarf rabbit to leap\ninto an enormous, high-sided box designed for a gigantic cat--and don't make\nyour French Lop squeeze his big frame into a toaster-sized toilet. The\nlitterbox should be comfortable, and located in a quiet, private place.\n\nWhat Type of Litters are Safe for Rabbits? Be sure to use ORGANIC litter in\nthe box. Clay litters--especially clumping litters--are inexpensive, but very\nunhealthy for two reasons. First, the inhaled clay dust can cause respiratory\nproblems. Second, when ingested as dust licked off paws or as a crunchy treat\nstraight from the box (yes, some of them do it!), the highly dehydrated clay\nlitter absorbs vital fluids from the intestine itself and can cause serious\nimpactions and intestinal slowdowns. Clay litter is not healthy for rabbits or\ncats.\n\nOrganic litters include those made from recycled paper products (e.g.\nCarefresh, Nature Fresh), pelleted wood sawdust (e.g. Feline Pine, Aspen\npellets) or other pelleted organic products. We strongly advise against the\nuse of CatWorks organic litter, however. This particular brand of litter\ncontains a binder with a very high zinc content. We know of at least one\nconfirmed death due to zinc poisoning in a bunny who ingested CatWorks.\n\nDo not use cedar or pine shavings (even those cute, dyed green ones that\nsupposedly contain active chlorophyll--which they don't), as these produce\npotent aromatic compounds that can potentiate (i.e., increase the effect of)\nliver enzymes. This can be a problem if the bunny is taking any type of\nmedication or if s/he's facing possible anesthesia. Because the liver is\nintimately involved with the metabolism of many drugs, their effects in the\nrabbit will be unpredictable if the bunny is also metabolizing aromatic\ncompounds from wood shavings.\n\n## Getting Bunny to Use the Box\n\nNow that you have set up a safe, comfortable box, put it in an area where the\nbunny can be comfortably confined for a few days, except for brief excursions\nfor run and play. You can place the box inside the indoor hutch, tuck it\nbehind the john in the bathroom, or place it in a corner of the laundry room:\nwhatever is convenient as well as attractive to the bunny.\n\nUse a baby gate to enclose the bunny in the selected room with his litterbox,\nand be sure to provide plenty of toys, food, water and comfortable places to\nsleep. This will be bunny's home base and should be as inviting as you can\nmake it. It may take a few days for the bunny to reliably use the box, as he\nmay mark the area thoroughly as he settles in. It may help to soak or sweep up\n\"accidents\" (they're not accidents) with a bit of tissue and put the tissue in\nthe box. He'll get the idea! Like cats, most rabbits prefer to do their biz in\na nice, absorbent spot such as a clean litterbox.\n\nIt often helps to put a handful of timothy hay in a clean corner of the\nlitterbox to encourage use of the box. A rabbit will often sit in the box,\nhappily munching at one end, while the processed product comes out the other\nend. This may seem a bit disgusting to a human, but rabbits don't consider\ntheir feces to be dirty. Some rabbits will even nap in the litterbox! As long\nas the litterbox is changed regularly, this should pose no problem: rabbit\nfecal pellets are hard, dry and relatively odorless. In fact, rabbit litterbox\nleavings are just about the best natural, organic fertilizer you can get for\nyour garden! Grow an herb garden, fertilize with bunny's litterbox leftovers\n(including the organic litter) and enjoy the ultimate in recycling!\n\nOnce your bunny is reliable about using the litterbox in his area, you can\ngradually increase his freedom. Be sure that he can always get back to his\nlitterbox when he's free in the house. There's a possibility that he may pick\na second area in the house as a toilet corner. If the behavior continues, even\nafter squirt bottle and white vinegar, you may have to raise the white flag\nand provide another litterbox or two. But bunny's litterbox should not smell\nif it's changed regularly.\n\nFor more tips and information on litter box training your bunny, be sure to\nvisit House Rabbit Society FAQ on Litter Training.\n\n#### copyright 1998 - Dana Krempels updated 27 May 2009\n\n####\n\n* Back to Rabbit Health Central\n* Join EtherBun, a free listserve about rabbit health, care and behavior.\n* Return to H.A.R.E..\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421094959/http://www.clickerbunny.com/rabbit_feeding.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "rabbit feeding guide for training",
"passages": [
"Clicker training is a terrific way to train your rabbit, but it does involve the use of food. The results can be so fast and almost magical and the rabbit can be having so much fun, that it is tempting to get carried away and give the rabbit far too much of a food treat that it really likes. Over-feeding a rabbit can lead to obesity and even to death if too much of a new food is given all at once. The best way to use food in rabbit training is to measure out the ration of pellets, fruits vegetables and small amount of treats for the day and use these in training. When they are used up, the training is over for the day. This way the rabbit is not getting more food than it needs. Any of the day's ration not used for training can be just given to the rabbit at the usual feeding time. If there is no training session, the rabbit would still get its allotment of veggies, but would not get any training treats for free. It is critical that rabbits have free access to hay at all times. Never withhold food from a rabbit to make it hungry for training. A rabbit's digestive tract must be operating at all times and the rabbit must always have hay in its cage.",
"Refer to the House Rabbit Society website at www.rabbit.org for additional feeding information and recommendations for baby, juvenile and senior rabbits and to www.carrotcafe.com for detailed information about what to feed, how much to feed and why."
]
},
"parsed_md": "rabbit feeding guide for training\n\nRabbit Training Treats Guide \n \n--- \n \nClicker training is a terrific way to train your rabbit, but it does involve\nthe use of food. The results can be so fast and almost magical and the rabbit\ncan be having so much fun, that it is tempting to get carried away and give\nthe rabbit far too much of a food treat that it really likes. Over-feeding a\nrabbit can lead to obesity and even to death if too much of a new food is\ngiven all at once. The best way to use food in rabbit training is to measure\nout the ration of pellets, fruits vegetables and small amount of treats for\nthe day and use these in training. When they are used up, the training is over\nfor the day. This way the rabbit is not getting more food than it needs. Any\nof the day's ration not used for training can be just given to the rabbit at\nthe usual feeding time. If there is no training session, the rabbit would\nstill get its allotment of veggies, but would not get any training treats for\nfree. It is critical that rabbits have free access to hay at all times. Never\nwithhold food from a rabbit to make it hungry for training. A rabbit's\ndigestive tract must be operating at all times and the rabbit must always have\nhay in its cage.\n\nRefer to the House Rabbit Society website at www.rabbit.org for additional\nfeeding information and recommendations for baby, juvenile and senior rabbits\nand to www.carrotcafe.com for detailed information about what to feed, how\nmuch to feed and why.\n\nHealthy, recommended food (can be used as training treats)\n\nFresh veggies,(2 cups per 6 lbs body weight per day):\n\n * Carrots (2-4 inches of carrot maximum per day)\n\n * Carrot, beet, and radish tops\n\n * Celery (remove the strings)\n\n * Mustard or collard greens\n\n * Cilantro\n\n * Clover\n\n * Dandelion flowers and leaves\n\n * Parsley\n\n * Brussel sprouts\n\n * Green peppers\n\n * Broccoli (leaves and stems)\n\n * Alfalfa, radish and clover sprouts\n\n * Romaine lettuce (not iceberg)\n\nRabbit food timothy pellets (1/4-1/2 cup per 6 lbs body weight per day)\n\nOkay in small amounts\n\nRaisins (two or three per day)\n\nFresh fruit (up to 2 oz per 6 lbs body weight per day):\n\n * Apple\n\n * Banana\n\n * Peach\n\n * Grapes\n\n * Strawberries\n\n * Raspberries\n\n * Blueberries\n\n * Melon\n\n * Orange rind\n\nSpinach\n\nKale\n\nShredded wheat or other whole grain breakfast cereal with no sugar added\n\nNot recommended for rabbits\n\nProcessed crackers or cookies\n\nTreats with meat\n\nSeeds and nuts, including apple seeds\n\nChocolate\n\nHigh sugar, high fat breakfast cereal\n\nPeas\n\nPotatoes\n\nCorn\n\nIceberg lettuce\n\nCommercial rabbit treats (high in fat and sugar)\n\n"
}
] |
9,061 | How To Teach a Cat to Recognize Its Name | To teach a cat to recognize its name, start by giving it treats whenever you say its name so it associates its name with a reward. Then, gradually increase the distance between you and your cat whenever you say its name. If your cat comes when called, give it a treat, and then increase the distance between the two of you a little bit more. Keep doing this until your cat responds when you call for it from a different room. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190309080706/https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200730154917/http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161208114738/http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151013073822/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180706222910/http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150905073404/http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called"
] | train | -1 | [
{
"original_url": "https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190309080706/https://icatcare.org/advice/cat-health/inherited-deafness-white-cats",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Inherited deafness in white cats",
"passages": [
"In cats, inherited congenital (present from birth) deafness is seen almost exclusively in white coated individuals. The deafness is caused by degeneration of the auditory apparatus of the inner ear and may affect one ear (unilateral) or both ears (bilateral).",
"Breeding studies have defined the relationship between deafness in white cats and blue eye colour. The gene responsible is an autosomal dominant gene termed W (for White). This gene appears to be pleiotropic – ie, it has more than one effect, being responsible for the white coat colour and also blue eyes and deafness. However, while the gene has complete penetrance for white coat colour (all cats that carry the gene will have a white coat), it has incomplete penetrance for blue eye colour and for deafness (but these two are strongly linked). Thus deafness is strongly linked to the white coat colour and blue eye colour, but not all white cats or white cats with blue eyes are necessarily deaf. The variable penetrance of deafness and eye colour may be caused by interplay with other genes and/or environmental factors.",
"The risk of deafness in relation to coat colour and eye colour is shown in the figure below. If deafness occurs, it may be either unilateral or bilateral.",
"Overall, deaf cats with white coat colour and one or both blue eyes, make up around about 1-1.5% of the total cat population. However, the prevalence of white cats does vary in different geographies.",
"If a white cat has 2 blue eyes, it is 3-5 times more likely to be deaf than a cat with 2 non-blue eyes, and a cat with 1 blue eye is about twice as likely to be deaf as a cat with 2 non-blue eyes. In addition, longhaired white cats are 3 times more likely to be bilaterally deaf. In a feral situation deaf white cats experience strong negative natural selection pressure as:",
"However, among pet cats it is much more common to find white cats, probably simply due to selective breeding (human preference and intervention). Many cat breeds are known to have the white coat gene and can, therefore, produce deaf white individuals. A number of breeds now insist on white cats being checked for deafness (e.g. using BAER testing – brainstem auditory evoked response ... this is a simple non-invasive test that can be performed at specialist centres to determine accurately whether deafness is present). These breeds do not allow deaf white cats to be bred from.",
"The information provided here has been put together by experts in feline health, behaviour and welfare. However, it is not intended to be used as a substitute for going to the vet."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Inherited deafness in white cats | International Cat Care\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# International Cat Care\n\n## Translate this page\n\n## You are here\n\nHome » Inherited deafness in white cats » Inherited deafness in white cats\n\n# Inherited deafness in white cats\n\nIn cats, inherited congenital (present from birth) deafness is seen almost\nexclusively in white coated individuals. The deafness is caused by\ndegeneration of the auditory apparatus of the inner ear and may affect one ear\n(unilateral) or both ears (bilateral).\n\nBreeding studies have defined the relationship between deafness in white cats\nand blue eye colour. The gene responsible is an autosomal dominant gene termed\nW (for White). This gene appears to be pleiotropic – ie, it has more than one\neffect, being responsible for the white coat colour and also blue eyes and\ndeafness. However, while the gene has complete penetrance for white coat\ncolour (all cats that carry the gene will have a white coat), it has\nincomplete penetrance for blue eye colour and for deafness (but these two are\nstrongly linked). Thus deafness is strongly linked to the white coat colour\nand blue eye colour, but not all white cats or white cats with blue eyes are\nnecessarily deaf. The variable penetrance of deafness and eye colour may be\ncaused by interplay with other genes and/or environmental factors.\n\n## What is the risk of deafness in a white cat?\n\nThe risk of deafness in relation to coat colour and eye colour is shown in the\nfigure below. If deafness occurs, it may be either unilateral or bilateral.\n\nOverall, deaf cats with white coat colour and one or both blue eyes, make up\naround about 1-1.5% of the total cat population. However, the prevalence of\nwhite cats does vary in different geographies.\n\nIf a white cat has 2 blue eyes, it is 3-5 times more likely to be deaf than a\ncat with 2 non-blue eyes, and a cat with 1 blue eye is about twice as likely\nto be deaf as a cat with 2 non-blue eyes. In addition, longhaired white cats\nare 3 times more likely to be bilaterally deaf. In a feral situation deaf\nwhite cats experience strong negative natural selection pressure as:\n\n * They are deaf\n * They are photophobic (intolerant of bright light because of the blue eyes)\n * They have reduced vision in low light conditions\n\nHowever, among pet cats it is much more common to find white cats, probably\nsimply due to selective breeding (human preference and intervention). Many cat\nbreeds are known to have the white coat gene and can, therefore, produce deaf\nwhite individuals. A number of breeds now insist on white cats being checked\nfor deafness (e.g. using BAER testing – brainstem auditory evoked response ...\nthis is a simple non-invasive test that can be performed at specialist centres\nto determine accurately whether deafness is present). These breeds do not\nallow deaf white cats to be bred from.\n\n> Donate now Your gift will make the difference\n\nGet Social! Like, Follow and Pin us to stay up to date with our work\n\n## WSAVA\n\nThe World Small Animal Veterinary Association (WSAVA) fully endorses the owner\ninformation on this website.\n\n## Important\n\nThe information provided here has been put together by experts in feline\nhealth, behaviour and welfare. However, it is not intended to be used as a\nsubstitute for going to the vet.\n\nIf your cat is unwell, please seek veterinary attention.\n\n## How we're helping cats\n\n * Our campaigns\n * Our welfare projects\n * Guidance for cat professionals\n * Improving veterinary care\n\n## All about cats\n\n * Getting a cat\n * Caring for your cat\n * Cat behaviour\n * Cat health\n\n## How you can support us\n\n * Make a donation\n * Our fundraising promise\n * Leave a legacy\n * Corporate giving\n\nInternational Cat Care's owner advice information is endorsed by:\n\nReg Charity 1117342 (England and Wales) Place Farm, Chilmark Road, Tisbury,\nWiltshire SP3 6LW, UK © 2017 International Cat Care\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200730154917/http://catbegood.com:80/cat-behavior/the-basics-of-cat-training/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Basics of Cat Training « Cat Be Good",
"passages": [
"Nam sodales mi vitae dolor ullamcorper et vulputate enim accumsan. Morbi orci magna, tincidunt vitae molestie nec, molestie at mi. Nulla nulla lorem, suscipit in posuere in, interdum non magna.",
"Cats can be trained to come when called. Some will come running—even if asleep, hiding, or outside. Getting your cat to listen requires “Basic Training,” which is easier than it sounds. You don’t need squirt bottles or clickers. You’ll simply be able to talk to your cat and tell him what you want. And you’ll get it.",
"Cats will listen. They will come when called. (White cats often are deaf, but most cats aren’t hard of hearing.) They’ll even learn tricks and hand signals if you want them to.",
"Basic training builds strong and useful communication links between you and your cat. In this section, you’ll learn the three rules of basic training:",
"Be aware of how to talk to him. Only say his name when he’s good. Never use his name with “No.”",
"Also, throughout this website, suggestions are given on how to reward and reprimand certain good or bad behavior, such as scratching post training and aggression.",
"Never reprimand him for peeing outside his box. That is like punishing a child for wetting the bed. See Litter Box Problems.",
"Never use your cat’s name when giving a reprimand. Only use his name when giving praise, or calling him, or just talking with him. That way, he’ll always associate his name with something good.",
"If you know your cat is about to misbehave, distract him with petting or a toy. Or simply talk to him and say his name to divert his mischief.",
"Never reprimand him when he walks to you, or comes home. Always make coming home, or coming to you, a good and trustworthy experience.",
"Rewards are a necessary part of training. Reprimands only teach a cat what not to do. Rewards should be reserved for reinforcing good behavior. Sometimes a cat owner does not know that he or she actually is rewarding bad behavior. A popular example is when one cat is mean to another cat—the bully often gets the attention when it’s the victim that should be getting it all.",
"When the cat does something good, he needs to be recognized. Any attention or recognition given to him is a reward.",
"Rewards can be anything the cat likes. It can be a “great” reward, such as food and going outside, or something as simple and quick as a pet or kind word. Playing with a lure toy or being massaged or brushed also may be favorite rewards.",
"Another reward is simply to say your cat’s name anytime he’s good. You want to always have him know that when he hears his name, he is being good. Cut down on his guesswork. “Mommy said my name. I must be doing something good or she wouldn’t have said it!” Don’t say his name when what you mean is “I’m warning you.” And don’t say his name when he’s being a jerk.",
"Rule number three says to always make it a pleasure for your cat to come to you or to come home. This means that if your cat even simply walks to you, don’t do something he thinks is bad, such as giving him a pill, taking him indoors, or trimming a nail. If you must do something “bad” to your cat, go to him. And let your cat know he’s welcomed home. Even if he was gone for several hours, and even if he got in a cat fight outside, give him a treat and sound pleased to see him as soon as he’s in the house.",
"Food treats are listed in Cat Diet. Reserve food treats for when he’s been through something difficult. Besides making him feel better, this helps prevent stress-related behavior problems. Also remember to use a wet meal or treat to reinforce the “[come] here” command described in “Training Your Cat to Come When Called.”",
"Unless he’s really super-old, it’s best not to give food treats for no rhyme or reason. Indiscriminate treats can start nasty habits, like nagging and bugging you for little tidbits throughout the day.",
"When your cat gets into his carrier for a trip to the veterinarian, while at the vet’s office, and for the trip home",
"A loud, simple “No” is about the only reprimand you’ll need to use. Just say “No!” Do not say his name when you use the word “no.” But even “no” must be used with caution; use only as much force in the word “no” as the cat can handle. Some cats are easily offended.",
"Say “No” quickly in response to his walking on the counter, jumping on the stove, or scratching the sofa (but don’t start reprimanding for scratching the sofa until positive use of the scratching post has been ingrained for a few weeks). If he still doesn’t stop, say “No” again and loudly clap twice. Keep at him until he stops—even if you have to push him off the stove or counter or pick him up and carry him to his scratching post. He needs to know you mean business.",
"As soon as your cat stops doing the misbehavior, tell him he’s a good boy. Whenever a cat is not doing something bad, he is being good. It does not matter if he was bad just five minutes ago; if he’s good right now, he needs to hear “Good boy!”",
"Do not feed a cat or let him outside after seriously poor behavior, such as spraying or urinating. It’s okay to tell him he’s a good boy a few minutes later; just don’t feed him special food in the next half hour. Unless he lives outside, do not put him outside in response to his soiling the house. A cat will learn to do those things to be let outside.",
"If he stops misbehaving before you can say “No,” don’t say it. It’s too late. In fact, depending on the situation and the type of misbehavior, you might want to praise him for stopping. For example, if he starts to jump on the counter and you look his way and he refrains, praise him.",
"It’s very important to consistently respond to bad behavior. If you don’t want him on the counter, you need to say “No” every time you see it happen. Sometimes, cats will intentionally break rules just to see if you will be lazy today. Don’t let it go “just this once” or he will try longer and harder tomorrow. Once your cat learns that “no” means “no,” he often will learn that something is off-limits by being told just a few times.",
"Scaring the cat also can be a reprimand. If your cat continues to jump the fence or onto the counter, set up a situation in which you can catch him at it without being seen. When he does it, scare him by throwing a can of pennies or making a loud noise from where you’re hiding. He is more likely to stop this behavior if he thinks he can’t even get away with it when he’s alone.",
"Reserve the word “no” to mean never. When he wants something that he can’t have right now, say “Not now” or something like that. He’s not being bad; he may just be whining. If you tell him “not now,” enforce it. Do not give in until well after the cat has forgotten what it was he had wanted.",
"Sometimes ignoring the cat can act as a reprimand. When a cat is acting like a bully or being foolish, give attention to the cats who are behaving well. Don’t even look him in the eye until he’s acting more civilized.",
"Scruffing is controlling a cat by grabbing and holding the loose skin at the base of his neck. Mother cats scruff their kittens to carry them, but being scruffed is humiliating and frightening to an adult cat.",
"Only scruff your cat when there is danger of injury to you or someone else, or to the cat himself. While he’s being scruffed, support his hind end with the other hand. Limit the scruff hold to as little time as possible, releasing the grip as soon as the danger has passed. In Outside/Inside Training you will see scruffing mentioned as a last-resort reprimand to be used if the cat crosses the street. That is the only time in this website that we recommend using scruffing as a reprimand. If you have to do it more than twice, the outside training is not worth continuing. Scruffing needs to be reserved for emergency stuff.",
"Do not hit, spank, or otherwise hurt your cat as a way to deter bad behavior. Hitting only teaches your cat to fear you and run away from you. Hitting does not teach a cat what is expected of him and does not encourage him to trust people or their hands.",
"Getting sprayed with water is a traumatic experience for a cat, and it should be done only to break up a serious cat fight. Spraying water may also be used to interrupt or distract your cat in a life-threatening situation such as crossing the street or trespassing into an angry neighbor’s yard. Keep a spray bottle or squirt gun on your back porch, or wherever else a serious confrontation is likely to occur.",
"It’s really nice to have your cat come to you when you want him to. And it helps to make other training much easier.",
"You can train your cat to come when called. Soon after you start using the techniques in this section, all you’ll have to say is, “Here, {cat’s name}” and he’ll come running to you, even outdoors on a nice day.",
"Start feeding him his wet meals at the same time every day. When he shows up to eat, say “Here” with his name even if he’s only a few feet away. When he reaches you, say “Good boy {his name}” and place the meal in front of him. Pet him and let him eat. Do this with every meal or special treat that you give him. Soon, he will associate your call with eating and will be very motivated to show up.",
"When your cat comes dependably for his wet meals, start calling him when he’s a few feet away. Graduate to calling when he’s in another room. Choose times when he’s walking toward you and likely to reach you. This helps build habit and success. Say “Here” with his name. Pet him and then feed him when he arrives.",
"Make him earn his food by allowing you to touch him before he gets his meal. When he’s doing pretty well on coming to you from short distances, start calling him at unexpected times, such as naps, but do this only when he’s going to get a really good reward, such as his afternoon walk or his favorite toy.",
"Say the same words in the same style every time so that he becomes conditioned to expect only good things any time he hears that particular tone and combination.",
"In the first few months, do not pick up or hold a cat that comes to your call. Let him walk freely on the ground unless he asks you specifically to be picked up. The more you let a cat have his freedom when he comes when called, the more likely it is that he’ll walk to you again. As time goes by, he may not mind being picked up and held, even when he didn’t ask.",
"After your cat is coming for wet meals he’ll be ready for a few nonfood rewards when you call him. Use whatever your cat is enticed by: praise and petting, play, massage, catnip, or a walk outside. Continue to say “Here” with his name before wet meals every day.",
"A cat will walk in the direction of whatever he wants. Whether it’s play, food, or outside walks, he’ll walk in that direction and stay in the area where he gets those things while looking directly in your eyes. If he walks to you and stays near you, he probably wants to be petted and massaged. When he hurriedly walks away from you, he’s most likely trying to show you what he wants.",
"He’ll also hang out where he was last brushed or played with to see if he’ll get brushed or played with again. He’ll look at you and then look at his brush or toy.",
"Get him more used to doing things that you ask of him. When you think he’s in the mood to do what you want, ask him if that’s what he’ll do, such as “Time to scratch” or “Here, Kitty!” The more choices he thinks he’s allowed to make, the more he’ll make the ones you want him too, when you want him to.",
"Copyright 2017 Annie Bruce (Ph: 303-530-9000) | All Rights Reserved The information on CatBeGood.com is not meant to take the place of medical advice or expert veterinary care. Consult a vet if you suspect your cat might be ill. CatBeGood.com's advice is tailored only to spayed or neutered non-feral (tame) cats. If your cat isn’t altered, see Getting Your Cat Spayed or Neutered."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Basics of Cat Training « Cat Be Good\n\n### Categories\n\n * Cat Advocacy (4)\n * Cat Aging (1)\n * Cat Basics (11)\n * Cat Behavior (4)\n * Cat Charities (2)\n * Cat Life (6)\n * Cat Products (1)\n * Cat Resources (7)\n * Declawing (4)\n * Misc (7)\n\n### Archives\n\n * May 2009\n * April 2009\n\n### A sample text widget\n\nEtiam pulvinar consectetur dolor sed malesuada. Ut convallis euismod dolor nec\npretium. Nunc ut tristique massa.\n\nNam sodales mi vitae dolor ullamcorper et vulputate enim accumsan. Morbi orci\nmagna, tincidunt vitae molestie nec, molestie at mi. Nulla nulla lorem,\nsuscipit in posuere in, interdum non magna.\n\n|\n\n# The Basics of Cat Training\n\nCats can be trained to come when called. Some will come running—even if\nasleep, hiding, or outside. Getting your cat to listen requires “Basic\nTraining,” which is easier than it sounds. You don’t need squirt bottles or\nclickers. You’ll simply be able to talk to your cat and tell him what you\nwant. And you’ll get it.\n\nCats will listen. They will come when called. (White cats often are deaf, but\nmost cats aren’t hard of hearing.) They’ll even learn tricks and hand signals\nif you want them to.\n\nBasic training builds strong and useful communication links between you and\nyour cat. In this section, you’ll learn the three rules of basic training:\n\n 1. Never hit him. Trust is necessary for training. Hitting will not teach a cat to trust you.\n 2. Be aware of how to talk to him. Only say his name when he’s good. Never use his name with “No.”\n 3. Always make it a pleasure for him to come to you or to come home. No matter what.\n\nAlso, throughout this website, suggestions are given on how to reward and\nreprimand certain good or bad behavior, such as scratching post training and\naggression.\n\nBasic Training Tips\n\n * Never reprimand him for peeing outside his box. That is like punishing a child for wetting the bed. See Litter Box Problems.\n * Never use your cat’s name when giving a reprimand. Only use his name when giving praise, or calling him, or just talking with him. That way, he’ll always associate his name with something good.\n * If you know your cat is about to misbehave, distract him with petting or a toy. Or simply talk to him and say his name to divert his mischief.\n * Never reprimand him when he walks to you, or comes home. Always make coming home, or coming to you, a good and trustworthy experience.\n\nRewards\n\nRewards are a necessary part of training. Reprimands only teach a cat what not\nto do. Rewards should be reserved for reinforcing good behavior. Sometimes a\ncat owner does not know that he or she actually is rewarding bad behavior. A\npopular example is when one cat is mean to another cat—the bully often gets\nthe attention when it’s the victim that should be getting it all.\n\nWhen the cat does something good, he needs to be recognized. Any attention or\nrecognition given to him is a reward.\n\nRewards can be anything the cat likes. It can be a “great” reward, such as\nfood and going outside, or something as simple and quick as a pet or kind\nword. Playing with a lure toy or being massaged or brushed also may be\nfavorite rewards.\n\nAnother reward is simply to say your cat’s name anytime he’s good. You want to\nalways have him know that when he hears his name, he is being good. Cut down\non his guesswork. “Mommy said my name. I must be doing something good or she\nwouldn’t have said it!” Don’t say his name when what you mean is “I’m warning\nyou.” And don’t say his name when he’s being a jerk.\n\nRule number three says to always make it a pleasure for your cat to come to\nyou or to come home. This means that if your cat even simply walks to you,\ndon’t do something he thinks is bad, such as giving him a pill, taking him\nindoors, or trimming a nail. If you must do something “bad” to your cat, go to\nhim. And let your cat know he’s welcomed home. Even if he was gone for several\nhours, and even if he got in a cat fight outside, give him a treat and sound\npleased to see him as soon as he’s in the house.\n\nRewards for Good Behavior\n\n * Food treat\n * A trip outside\n * Play time with you\n * Catnip\n * Petting\n * Praise (say his name!)\n\nFood Treats As Rewards\n\nFood treats are listed in Cat Diet. Reserve food treats for when he’s been\nthrough something difficult. Besides making him feel better, this helps\nprevent stress-related behavior problems. Also remember to use a wet meal or\ntreat to reinforce the “[come] here” command described in “Training Your Cat\nto Come When Called.”\n\nUnless he’s really super-old, it’s best not to give food treats for no rhyme\nor reason. Indiscriminate treats can start nasty habits, like nagging and\nbugging you for little tidbits throughout the day.\n\nGood Times to Give a Food Treat\n\n * When your cat gets into his carrier for a trip to the veterinarian, while at the vet’s office, and for the trip home\n * After cleaning his ears or giving him medicine or other home treatments\n * When he comes when called under stress\n * Always when he comes home! (Or plan his wet meal for the end of his walk)\n * To a senior citizen cat, daily, just because he’s old\n\nReprimands\n\nA loud, simple “No” is about the only reprimand you’ll need to use. Just say\n“No!” Do not say his name when you use the word “no.” But even “no” must be\nused with caution; use only as much force in the word “no” as the cat can\nhandle. Some cats are easily offended.\n\nSay “No” quickly in response to his walking on the counter, jumping on the\nstove, or scratching the sofa (but don’t start reprimanding for scratching the\nsofa until positive use of the scratching post has been ingrained for a few\nweeks). If he still doesn’t stop, say “No” again and loudly clap twice. Keep\nat him until he stops—even if you have to push him off the stove or counter or\npick him up and carry him to his scratching post. He needs to know you mean\nbusiness.\n\nAs soon as your cat stops doing the misbehavior, tell him he’s a good boy.\nWhenever a cat is not doing something bad, he is being good. It does not\nmatter if he was bad just five minutes ago; if he’s good right now, he needs\nto hear “Good boy!”\n\nDo not feed a cat or let him outside after seriously poor behavior, such as\nspraying or urinating. It’s okay to tell him he’s a good boy a few minutes\nlater; just don’t feed him special food in the next half hour. Unless he lives\noutside, do not put him outside in response to his soiling the house. A cat\nwill learn to do those things to be let outside.\n\nIf he stops misbehaving before you can say “No,” don’t say it. It’s too late.\nIn fact, depending on the situation and the type of misbehavior, you might\nwant to praise him for stopping. For example, if he starts to jump on the\ncounter and you look his way and he refrains, praise him.\n\nIt’s very important to consistently respond to bad behavior. If you don’t want\nhim on the counter, you need to say “No” every time you see it happen.\nSometimes, cats will intentionally break rules just to see if you will be lazy\ntoday. Don’t let it go “just this once” or he will try longer and harder\ntomorrow. Once your cat learns that “no” means “no,” he often will learn that\nsomething is off-limits by being told just a few times.\n\nScaring the cat also can be a reprimand. If your cat continues to jump the\nfence or onto the counter, set up a situation in which you can catch him at it\nwithout being seen. When he does it, scare him by throwing a can of pennies or\nmaking a loud noise from where you’re hiding. He is more likely to stop this\nbehavior if he thinks he can’t even get away with it when he’s alone.\n\nReserve the word “no” to mean never. When he wants something that he can’t\nhave right now, say “Not now” or something like that. He’s not being bad; he\nmay just be whining. If you tell him “not now,” enforce it. Do not give in\nuntil well after the cat has forgotten what it was he had wanted.\n\nSometimes ignoring the cat can act as a reprimand. When a cat is acting like a\nbully or being foolish, give attention to the cats who are behaving well.\nDon’t even look him in the eye until he’s acting more civilized.\n\nHelpful Hint\n\nDon’t say “no” when he scratches or bites. Say “Ouch” instead. (Also see\nDealing with Cat Aggression.)\n\nScruffing\n\nScruffing is controlling a cat by grabbing and holding the loose skin at the\nbase of his neck. Mother cats scruff their kittens to carry them, but being\nscruffed is humiliating and frightening to an adult cat.\n\nOnly scruff your cat when there is danger of injury to you or someone else, or\nto the cat himself. While he’s being scruffed, support his hind end with the\nother hand. Limit the scruff hold to as little time as possible, releasing the\ngrip as soon as the danger has passed. In Outside/Inside Training you will see\nscruffing mentioned as a last-resort reprimand to be used if the cat crosses\nthe street. That is the only time in this website that we recommend using\nscruffing as a reprimand. If you have to do it more than twice, the outside\ntraining is not worth continuing. Scruffing needs to be reserved for emergency\nstuff.\n\nDon’t Hit Him or Squirt Him\n\nDo not hit, spank, or otherwise hurt your cat as a way to deter bad behavior.\nHitting only teaches your cat to fear you and run away from you. Hitting does\nnot teach a cat what is expected of him and does not encourage him to trust\npeople or their hands.\n\nGetting sprayed with water is a traumatic experience for a cat, and it should\nbe done only to break up a serious cat fight. Spraying water may also be used\nto interrupt or distract your cat in a life-threatening situation such as\ncrossing the street or trespassing into an angry neighbor’s yard. Keep a spray\nbottle or squirt gun on your back porch, or wherever else a serious\nconfrontation is likely to occur.\n\nTraining Your Cat to Come When Called\n\nIt’s really nice to have your cat come to you when you want him to. And it\nhelps to make other training much easier.\n\nYou can train your cat to come when called. Soon after you start using the\ntechniques in this section, all you’ll have to say is, “Here, {cat’s name}”\nand he’ll come running to you, even outdoors on a nice day.\n\nStart feeding him his wet meals at the same time every day. When he shows up\nto eat, say “Here” with his name even if he’s only a few feet away. When he\nreaches you, say “Good boy {his name}” and place the meal in front of him. Pet\nhim and let him eat. Do this with every meal or special treat that you give\nhim. Soon, he will associate your call with eating and will be very motivated\nto show up.\n\nWhen your cat comes dependably for his wet meals, start calling him when he’s\na few feet away. Graduate to calling when he’s in another room. Choose times\nwhen he’s walking toward you and likely to reach you. This helps build habit\nand success. Say “Here” with his name. Pet him and then feed him when he\narrives.\n\nMake him earn his food by allowing you to touch him before he gets his meal.\nWhen he’s doing pretty well on coming to you from short distances, start\ncalling him at unexpected times, such as naps, but do this only when he’s\ngoing to get a really good reward, such as his afternoon walk or his favorite\ntoy.\n\nSay the same words in the same style every time so that he becomes conditioned\nto expect only good things any time he hears that particular tone and\ncombination.\n\nIn the first few months, do not pick up or hold a cat that comes to your call.\nLet him walk freely on the ground unless he asks you specifically to be picked\nup. The more you let a cat have his freedom when he comes when called, the\nmore likely it is that he’ll walk to you again. As time goes by, he may not\nmind being picked up and held, even when he didn’t ask.\n\nAfter your cat is coming for wet meals he’ll be ready for a few nonfood\nrewards when you call him. Use whatever your cat is enticed by: praise and\npetting, play, massage, catnip, or a walk outside. Continue to say “Here” with\nhis name before wet meals every day.\n\nHelpful Hints\n\nAsk your cat what he wants, and then follow him to where he leads you.\n\nA cat will walk in the direction of whatever he wants. Whether it’s play,\nfood, or outside walks, he’ll walk in that direction and stay in the area\nwhere he gets those things while looking directly in your eyes. If he walks to\nyou and stays near you, he probably wants to be petted and massaged. When he\nhurriedly walks away from you, he’s most likely trying to show you what he\nwants.\n\nHe’ll also hang out where he was last brushed or played with to see if he’ll\nget brushed or played with again. He’ll look at you and then look at his brush\nor toy.\n\nGet him more used to doing things that you ask of him. When you think he’s in\nthe mood to do what you want, ask him if that’s what he’ll do, such as “Time\nto scratch” or “Here, Kitty!” The more choices he thinks he’s allowed to make,\nthe more he’ll make the ones you want him too, when you want him to.\n\nSound happy to see him. Saying his name and “Hey, where you been, man?” can\nmake him feel special.\n\nSay “Hello, {cat’s name}!” when cat enters the room.\n\nSay “I’m sorry, {cat’s name},” when it is your fault that he ran into you.\n\nShopping List\n\n * Cat toys\n * Cat brush\n * Catnip\n * Food treats\n * Optional\n * Empty soda can with a few pennies in it (put tape over the opening on the can)\n\nSee Cat Products.\n\nComments are closed. \n \n---|--- \n \nHome | Contact Us | About the Author | Testimonials | Moses's Story\n\nCopyright 2017 Annie Bruce (Ph: 303-530-9000) | All Rights Reserved The\ninformation on CatBeGood.com is not meant to take the place of medical advice\nor expert veterinary care. Consult a vet if you suspect your cat might be ill.\nCatBeGood.com's advice is tailored only to spayed or neutered non-feral (tame)\ncats. If your cat isn’t altered, see Getting Your Cat Spayed or Neutered.\n\nPowered by WordPress & Atahualpa\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161208114738/http://www.banfield.com:80/pet-health-resources/preventive-care/behavior/differences-between-cats-and-dogs",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Differences Between Cats and Dogs – Banfield Pet Hospital®",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Differences Between Cats and Dogs – Banfield Pet Hospital®\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151013073822/http://www.aspca.org:80/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/training-your-cat",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Training Your Cat",
"passages": [
"Most people believe that cats can’t be trained because cats don’t seem to respond to many of the methods used to train dogs. But cats do respond to training! In fact one of the first scientific studies highlighting the importance of reinforcement in animal behavior was done with cats.",
"The first step to training your cat is to understand him. Cats aren’t as social as dogs. Dogs have been bred specifically to work together with people, whereas the primary reason cats were domesticated was to kill vermin on their own. So they’re independent, and they aren’t as naturally inclined to work for praise and attention as dogs are. They’re also not as easy to motivate. You have to use really special treats that your cat finds irresistible. Training a cat requires some creativity and patience.",
"Training your cat has important benefits. You’re stimulating his body and his mind, which helps keep him healthy. And spending time together means you’re strengthening the bond you share. In addition to teaching fun tricks like wave and fetch, you can also teach him a range of useful behaviors like sit, stay and to come when called. You could even teach your cat to pee in the toilet and flush afterwards!",
"The first step is to find a treat that your cat goes crazy for. Fresh chicken diced in tiny cubes, bits of tuna, meat-flavored baby food, and commercial cat treats are all good choices. Once you’ve identified treats your cat likes, follow the basic steps of positive reinforcement training (reward-based training) to teach him the behavior you want. Suppose you’d like your cat to sit and stay on a stool while you prepare his dinner. You’ll first need to start with teaching him to sit when you ask him to:",
"First, make sure you have your cat’s attention. Hold the tasty treat in your fingers right at your cat’s nose. When your cat begins to sniff the treat, slowly move it in an arc from his nose up just over his head between his ears. (Don’t raise it straight up, or you’ll be teaching your cat to stand on his rear legs rather than sit!) Many cats will follow this arc motion with their eyes and nose, and as their chin raises up and back, their butt will go down.",
"Second, the instant your cat’s bottom hits the floor, praise him and offer him the treat. If his rear doesn’t go all the way down on the first try, give him the treat anyway. Over several repetitions of practice, give him a treat each time his rear gets slightly closer, until he’s gets into a complete sit with his rear all the way on the floor.",
"Cats don’t see things well that are still and close-up, so if your cat has difficulty taking the treat from your fingers, try offering it to him in your flat palm or tossing it on the floor. He’ll see the movement when you toss it and know where the treat is.",
"A clicker can make training easier and faster. If you don’t have a clicker, you can use a pen that makes a clicking sound. The instant your cat does the correct behavior, click and then offer a treat. The click lets your cat know the instant he does the right thing, so it helps him catch on faster. Just make sure you click at the exact moment he does the behavior you want, and then give him a treat. Cats learn through repetition, just like we do, so you’ll need to practice a few times in a row. Keep your training sessions short though—just a few minutes at a time. Most cats get bored if you try to drill the same thing over and over.",
"While training your cat, keep in mind that cats respond very poorly to punishment! Rather than learning what behavior not to do, a punished cat usually just learns to run away. Depending on your cat’s temperament, punishment can frighten your cat to the point where he may hide from you and your family members. Punishment creates stress, and stress is one of the most common causes for problem behaviors in cats, including eliminating outside of the litter box and compulsive grooming. Stress also compromises the immune system, making your cat more vulnerable to disease, including feline idiopathic cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).",
"It’s much easier to train your cat when you reward behaviors you want and offer him more attractive alternatives for behaviors you don’t want. Persuasion, not punishment, is the key to training your cat. If you patiently practice and reward your cat with treats, you’ll soon have a cat who’s sitting on cue and purring contentedly.",
"If you’d like to learn how to train your cat, or if your cat has a behavior problem you’d like to resolve, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified behaviorist. To learn more about locating the right expert for you and your cat, please see our article, Finding Professional Help. Many Certified Applied Animal Behaviorists (CAABs or ACAABs) offer telephone consultations, in-home private consultations and training sessions, and some Certified Professional Dog Trainers also offer group classes for kitten socialization and basic training.",
"Cat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to transport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your cat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could cause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.",
"By having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors in a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy weight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat to wear a harness and leash for walks outside.",
"When your cat masters the skill of coming when you call him, it will be easy to summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Training your cat can give him a great mental workout and will strengthen the bond between you two.",
"Cats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s mental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves circulation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging cats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.",
"There are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active and fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to explore and time to watch birds and other small animals.",
"Clicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to tell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?",
"© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Training Your Cat | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nPet Care\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Cat Behavior > Training Your Cat\n\n# Training Your Cat\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nMost people believe that cats can’t be trained because cats don’t seem to\nrespond to many of the methods used to train dogs. But cats do respond to\ntraining! In fact one of the first scientific studies highlighting the\nimportance of reinforcement in animal behavior was done with cats.\n\nThe first step to training your cat is to understand him. Cats aren’t as\nsocial as dogs. Dogs have been bred specifically to work together with people,\nwhereas the primary reason cats were domesticated was to kill vermin on their\nown. So they’re independent, and they aren’t as naturally inclined to work for\npraise and attention as dogs are. They’re also not as easy to motivate. You\nhave to use really special treats that your cat finds irresistible. Training a\ncat requires some creativity and patience.\n\nTraining your cat has important benefits. You’re stimulating his body and his\nmind, which helps keep him healthy. And spending time together means you’re\nstrengthening the bond you share. In addition to teaching fun tricks like wave\nand fetch, you can also teach him a range of useful behaviors like sit, stay\nand to come when called. You could even teach your cat to pee in the toilet\nand flush afterwards!\n\nUse Tasty Treats\n\nThe first step is to find a treat that your cat goes crazy for. Fresh chicken\ndiced in tiny cubes, bits of tuna, meat-flavored baby food, and commercial cat\ntreats are all good choices. Once you’ve identified treats your cat likes,\nfollow the basic steps of positive reinforcement training (reward-based\ntraining) to teach him the behavior you want. Suppose you’d like your cat to\nsit and stay on a stool while you prepare his dinner. You’ll first need to\nstart with teaching him to sit when you ask him to:\n\n * First, make sure you have your cat’s attention. Hold the tasty treat in your fingers right at your cat’s nose. When your cat begins to sniff the treat, slowly move it in an arc from his nose up just over his head between his ears. (Don’t raise it straight up, or you’ll be teaching your cat to stand on his rear legs rather than sit!) Many cats will follow this arc motion with their eyes and nose, and as their chin raises up and back, their butt will go down.\n * Second, the instant your cat’s bottom hits the floor, praise him and offer him the treat. If his rear doesn’t go all the way down on the first try, give him the treat anyway. Over several repetitions of practice, give him a treat each time his rear gets slightly closer, until he’s gets into a complete sit with his rear all the way on the floor.\n\nCats don’t see things well that are still and close-up, so if your cat has\ndifficulty taking the treat from your fingers, try offering it to him in your\nflat palm or tossing it on the floor. He’ll see the movement when you toss it\nand know where the treat is.\n\nUse a Clicker\n\nA clicker can make training easier and faster. If you don’t have a clicker,\nyou can use a pen that makes a clicking sound. The instant your cat does the\ncorrect behavior, click and then offer a treat. The click lets your cat know\nthe instant he does the right thing, so it helps him catch on faster. Just\nmake sure you click at the exact moment he does the behavior you want, and\nthen give him a treat. Cats learn through repetition, just like we do, so\nyou’ll need to practice a few times in a row. Keep your training sessions\nshort though—just a few minutes at a time. Most cats get bored if you try to\ndrill the same thing over and over.\n\nNo Punishment!\n\nWhile training your cat, keep in mind that cats respond very poorly to\npunishment! Rather than learning what behavior not to do, a punished cat\nusually just learns to run away. Depending on your cat’s temperament,\npunishment can frighten your cat to the point where he may hide from you and\nyour family members. Punishment creates stress, and stress is one of the most\ncommon causes for problem behaviors in cats, including eliminating outside of\nthe litter box and compulsive grooming. Stress also compromises the immune\nsystem, making your cat more vulnerable to disease, including feline\nidiopathic cystitis (inflammation of the bladder).\n\nIt’s much easier to train your cat when you reward behaviors you want and\noffer him more attractive alternatives for behaviors you don’t want.\nPersuasion, not punishment, is the key to training your cat. If you patiently\npractice and reward your cat with treats, you’ll soon have a cat who’s sitting\non cue and purring contentedly.\n\nFinding Help and More Information\n\nIf you’d like to learn how to train your cat, or if your cat has a behavior\nproblem you’d like to resolve, don’t hesitate to seek help from a qualified\nbehaviorist. To learn more about locating the right expert for you and your\ncat, please see our article, Finding Professional Help. Many Certified Applied\nAnimal Behaviorists (CAABs or ACAABs) offer telephone consultations, in-home\nprivate consultations and training sessions, and some Certified Professional\nDog Trainers also offer group classes for kitten socialization and basic\ntraining.\n\nHere are a few books and links to explore:\n\n * Clicker Training for Cats Fun Kit by Karen Pryor\n * Teaching Your Cat Simple Tricks by Arden Moore\n * Cat Behavior and Training: Veterinary Advice for Owners by Ackerman, Landsberg and Hunthausen\n * Good Owners, Great Cats by Kilcommons and Wilson\n * International Cat Agility Tournaments\n\n## Related Links\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Ride in a Carrier\n\nCat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to\ntransport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your\ncat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could\ncause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Walk on a Leash\n\nBy having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors\nin a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy\nweight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat\nto wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Come When Called\n\nWhen your cat masters the skill of coming when you call him, it will be easy\nto summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Training your cat can give\nhim a great mental workout and will strengthen the bond between you two.\n\nCat Toys\n\nCats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s\nmental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves\ncirculation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging\ncats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\n\nEnriching Your Cat's Life\n\nThere are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active\nand fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to\nexplore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\n\nClicker Training Your Pet\n\nClicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to\ntell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180706222910/http://www.knowyourcat.info:80/info/nametraining.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it",
"passages": [
"Before you start training your kitten, the most important thing to remember is that cats only get motivated if they can see something in it for themselves. This makes training cats that much harder than training dogs. Dogs are pack animals and are used to being bossed by the top animal in the hierarchy of the pack. Cats are free spirits and insofar as they recognize a hierarchy, they tend to assume they are at the top of it. From a cat’s perspective, rules are for other species.",
"However, if you can convince your kitten that it is worth it for her to do something for you, the kitten will be prepared to go along. And the obvious motivator for a feline is food. Cats are hunters and unless they are full and sleepy they are always prepared to make an effort to procure their next meal. So a tasty treat will almost never be ignored.",
"There’s a saying that goes ‘Dogs come when called. Cats ask you to leave a message.’ Having a cat which obediently turns up when called is the dream of every human who shares a home with a feline. And in fact it is actually not that hard to teach a kitten to come trotting up when summoned. Of course even with the best training, there will be times when this won’t work, because in general cats only hear what they want to hear, and sometimes they don’t want to hear you calling. But kittens which have been taught to respond to their name will tend to come to see what’s up if you’ve given them the right incentive.",
"But before we can get our kitten to rush over when we call her, she needs to know her name. Cats respond better to pleasant-sounding short names, so don’t be too creative. If you live somewhere that the cat can range far, choose a name that finishes with a plosive. It’s easier to call ‘Pip-PA’ across a meadow than ‘Princess Furryboots III’ and you can still be imaginative - for example, how about Kohnsu (an Egyptian moon goddess)?",
"Once you have decided on the name for your kitten, it is time to make sure that she knows it too. One important rule is that the kitten should have pleasant associations with hearing her name. So when scolding the kitten - for example for clawing the curtains - don’t use her name. Instead, repeat the name frequently when feeding the kitten or playing with her. For example, say her name and then give her a treat or say her name and then roll a ball to her. Once you notice she responds positively to hearing her name you are a long way towards training your kitten. Now you can move on to teaching her to respond by coming to you when she is called.",
"For training we need a kitten who is a bit hungry. We want her to respond with more eagerness to your call. So feed the kitten a bit less than her normal portion. To start the training session, say the kitten’s name and then feed her a small treat. Repeat two or three times more and then move a small distance away from her. Next call her name adding the word ‘come’ . Chances are the kitten will come over in the hope that more food is on the way. So don’t disappoint her. In training cats, remember that they don’t take discouragement well. Once kitty has developed a ‘to hell with it’ attitude, it’s hard to re-establish co-operation.",
"So when the kitten has come over, make sure you give her a small treat and a gentle pat on the head. Move again and repeat the process. Always call her by name and add the word ‘come’. Keep this up for about a week. You may also start using a hand gesture like stretching out your hand or beckoning. Once the kitten comes regularly when called you do not need to give her a treat every time, but always stroke her or scratch her head to show that you are pleased to see her. And it does not harm to reinforce the process by offering a treat from time to time as a reward."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Know Your Cat - Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it\n\nHome\n\ncat health\n\ncat info\n\nget a cat\n\ncat travel\n\nlibrary\n\nquizzes\n\nservices\n\n|\n\n### Teaching a kitten to recognise her name and respond to it\n\n| 'Dogs come when called. Cats take a message.' \n--- \n \nBefore you start training your kitten, the most important thing to remember is\nthat cats only get motivated if they can see something in it for themselves.\nThis makes training cats that much harder than training dogs. Dogs are pack\nanimals and are used to being bossed by the top animal in the hierarchy of the\npack. Cats are free spirits and insofar as they recognize a hierarchy, they\ntend to assume they are at the top of it. From a cat’s perspective, rules are\nfor other species. \n \nHowever, if you can convince your kitten that it is worth it for her to do\nsomething for you, the kitten will be prepared to go along. And the obvious\nmotivator for a feline is food. Cats are hunters and unless they are full and\nsleepy they are always prepared to make an effort to procure their next meal.\nSo a tasty treat will almost never be ignored.\n\nThere’s a saying that goes ‘Dogs come when called. Cats ask you to leave a\nmessage.’ Having a cat which obediently turns up when called is the dream of\nevery human who shares a home with a feline. And in fact it is actually not\nthat hard to teach a kitten to come trotting up when summoned. Of course even\nwith the best training, there will be times when this won’t work, because in\ngeneral cats only hear what they want to hear, and sometimes they don’t want\nto hear you calling. But kittens which have been taught to respond to their\nname will tend to come to see what’s up if you’ve given them the right\nincentive.\n\nBut before we can get our kitten to rush over when we call her, she needs to\nknow her name. Cats respond better to pleasant-sounding short names, so don’t\nbe too creative. If you live somewhere that the cat can range far, choose a\nname that finishes with a plosive. It’s easier to call ‘Pip-PA’ across a\nmeadow than ‘Princess Furryboots III’ and you can still be imaginative - for\nexample, how about Kohnsu (an Egyptian moon goddess)?\n\nOnce you have decided on the name for your kitten, it is time to make sure\nthat she knows it too. One important rule is that the kitten should have\npleasant associations with hearing her name. So when scolding the kitten - for\nexample for clawing the curtains - don’t use her name. Instead, repeat the\nname frequently when feeding the kitten or playing with her. For example, say\nher name and then give her a treat or say her name and then roll a ball to\nher. Once you notice she responds positively to hearing her name you are a\nlong way towards training your kitten. Now you can move on to teaching her to\nrespond by coming to you when she is called.\n\nFor training we need a kitten who is a bit hungry. We want her to respond with\nmore eagerness to your call. So feed the kitten a bit less than her normal\nportion. To start the training session, say the kitten’s name and then feed\nher a small treat. Repeat two or three times more and then move a small\ndistance away from her. Next call her name adding the word ‘come’ . Chances\nare the kitten will come over in the hope that more food is on the way. So\ndon’t disappoint her. In training cats, remember that they don’t take\ndiscouragement well. Once kitty has developed a ‘to hell with it’ attitude,\nit’s hard to re-establish co-operation.\n\nSo when the kitten has come over, make sure you give her a small treat and a\ngentle pat on the head. Move again and repeat the process. Always call her by\nname and add the word ‘come’. Keep this up for about a week. You may also\nstart using a hand gesture like stretching out your hand or beckoning. Once\nthe kitten comes regularly when called you do not need to give her a treat\nevery time, but always stroke her or scratch her head to show that you are\npleased to see her. And it does not harm to reinforce the process by offering\na treat from time to time as a reward.\n\nknowyour cat.info \n \nHome What's new Contact Us\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150905073404/http://www.aspca.org/pet-care/virtual-pet-behaviorist/cat-behavior/teaching-your-cat-come-when-called",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called",
"passages": [
"Teaching your cat to come when called is both fun and practical. Once he masters this skill, you’ll be able to quickly summon him for petting, feeding and playtime. Not only will this make your life easier—your cat will benefit, too. Training can give him a great mental workout and strengthen your bond. Learning to come when called might even save his life one day if he dashes out of your house.",
"Many people don’t realize how trainable cats are. This is a shame because cats are just as smart as dogs. They just need a reason to show off their ability to learn! The key to training cats is to figure out how to motivate them. It may take some time, but he’ll be eager to learn new things once you identify what he’s willing to work for.",
"Many cats love mealtime, so one of the easiest ways to teach a cat to come when called is to make a consistent noise—such as a whistle or tongue click—or call his name (“Max, come!”) right before you start preparing his food each day. The sound you make will become your command or cue. Make sure you give the cue before you crinkle a bag of cat food or use a can opener. If your cat hears food-preparing sounds first, he’ll come in response to them rather than your cue. (In fact, those enticing sounds will likely excite him so much that he won’t even hear you!) After a week or so of mealtime training, you can move on to the exercises below.",
"First, you’ll need to figure out what your cat likes most in the world. For many cats, this might be a flake of tuna, a tiny piece of chicken or a bit of meat-flavored baby food on a spoon. For others, it might be playing with a laser light or a special fluttering wand toy. Experiment and choose two or three of your cat’s favorite things. Each time you call your cat, you’ll surprise him with one of these things. Be sure to mix it up so that your cat never knows which wonderful reward he’s going to get. The element of surprise will make him more motivated to come to you.",
"Train at a time when your cat is motivated to work. For example, if you’re going to reward him with treats, have sessions right before dinnertime. If you plan to use toys instead, train when you know he’ll be energetic and ready to play.",
"Say your cue. Standing just a foot or two away from your cat, make the special sound you’ve chosen or say a verbal cue, like “Max, come!”",
"Reward your cat. Immediately give your cat his reward. If your cat is the playful sort, you can reward him with a few seconds of playtime. However, because you’ll need to repeat this exercise, it may be easier to use a food reward if you can find one that your cat adores. Many cats don’t like to take treats from people’s hands, so you may need to drop each treat on the floor in front of your cat or deliver his reward on a spoon if you’re using something wet like baby food.",
"Walk a step or two away, and then repeat the exercise above. Eventually, your cat will start to orient toward you when he hears you say the cue. (This may take just a few repetitions or it may take a few training sessions.) At this point, you can start to gradually increase the distance your cat must come to reach you and earn his reward.",
"Over the next few weeks, continue to ask your cat to come from greater and greater distances. Eventually, you should be able to call him anytime and from anywhere in your house and see him come running.",
"Aim for at least one or two short training sessions per day. Sessions should last five minutes or less. During each one, call and reward your cat 10 to 20 times.",
"Practice in every room of your house. If your cat is allowed to go outside, you can practice there, too, after your cat masters the skill indoors.",
"If you have more than one person in your household, you can try calling your cat back and forth between you. Remember to reward him every time he comes to either person.",
"When your cat will reliably come from all the way across a room, start calling him from one room into another.",
"It’s important to keep rewarding your cat every time he comes to you. It’s fine to vary the rewards—you can engage him in play with toys, give him treats and even scratch him in his favorite spots. However, if you stop rewarding your cat altogether, his new skill will likely fall apart. Cats need a good reason to do what you ask, but if you provide that reason, they’re happy to listen!",
"If your cat is shy or fearful and has no training experience, it might be best to start his training career by teaching him a few easy behaviors. For example, try using a clicker to teach him to touch his nose to your finger, sit or lie down. (Please see our article on Clicker Training Your Pet for more information.) After your cat has mastered a few simple skills, you can move on to more difficult ones like coming when called.",
"If your cat has a hard time learning to come when called, he may not be able to hear you. White cats are often deaf, especially those with blue eyes. If you suspect that your cat has a hearing problem, you can take him to a vet for an examination. If your cat is hearing impaired, that doesn’t mean he can’t be trained. It just means that instead of a verbal cue, you’ll need to use a visual signal such as a waving hand. The only disadvantage is that you won’t be able to “call” your deaf cat when he can’t see you.",
"Most housecats stay home alone all day, stuck indoors, while their pet parents work long hours. Regular training sessions can give bored cats a great mental workout—and the more you exercise your cat’s brain while you’re home, the more he’ll rest peacefully when you’re away. In addition to coming when called, you can teach your cat a variety of entertaining and practical behaviors, like Sit, High Five and Roll Over. He can even learn to use the toilet! Please see our article on Training Your Cat to learn more about enriching your cat’s life through training.",
"While it is commonly thought that you can’t train your cat as you would train your dog, it is possible to train cats. While cats aren’t as social as dogs, you can train your cat using creativity and patience. Training your cat will stimulate his body and mind, which will keep him healthy.",
"Cat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to transport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your cat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could cause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.",
"By having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors in a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy weight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat to wear a harness and leash for walks outside.",
"Cats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s mental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves circulation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging cats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.",
"There are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active and fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to explore and time to watch birds and other small animals.",
"Clicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to tell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?",
"© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of Cruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called | ASPCA\n\n## Main menu\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n * Adopt\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n * NYC\n * Blog\n * Get Involved\n * For Parents\n * About Us\n * Donate\n\nFollow Us On:\n\nGoogle PlusPinterestYoutubeTwitterFacebook\n\nWe fight for animals. Will you join the fight?\n\nBecome a Member »\n\nASPCA\n\nPet Care\n\n## You are here\n\nHome > Pet Care > Virtual Pet Behaviorist > Cat Behavior > Teaching Your Cat\nto Come When Called\n\n# Teaching Your Cat to Come When Called\n\n## Bookmark/Search this post\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Google Plus One\n\n * Email\n * Print\n\nWhy Should You Do It?\n\nTeaching your cat to come when called is both fun and practical. Once he\nmasters this skill, you’ll be able to quickly summon him for petting, feeding\nand playtime. Not only will this make your life easier—your cat will benefit,\ntoo. Training can give him a great mental workout and strengthen your bond.\nLearning to come when called might even save his life one day if he dashes out\nof your house.\n\nHow Can You Do It?\n\nMany people don’t realize how trainable cats are. This is a shame because cats\nare just as smart as dogs. They just need a reason to show off their ability\nto learn! The key to training cats is to figure out how to motivate them. It\nmay take some time, but he’ll be eager to learn new things once you identify\nwhat he’s willing to work for.\n\nChow-Time Training\n\nMany cats love mealtime, so one of the easiest ways to teach a cat to come\nwhen called is to make a consistent noise—such as a whistle or tongue click—or\ncall his name (“Max, come!”) right before you start preparing his food each\nday. The sound you make will become your command or cue. Make sure you give\nthe cue before you crinkle a bag of cat food or use a can opener. If your cat\nhears food-preparing sounds first, he’ll come in response to them rather than\nyour cue. (In fact, those enticing sounds will likely excite him so much that\nhe won’t even hear you!) After a week or so of mealtime training, you can move\non to the exercises below.\n\nTraining throughout the House\n\nIdentify exciting rewards.\n\nFirst, you’ll need to figure out what your cat likes most in the world. For\nmany cats, this might be a flake of tuna, a tiny piece of chicken or a bit of\nmeat-flavored baby food on a spoon. For others, it might be playing with a\nlaser light or a special fluttering wand toy. Experiment and choose two or\nthree of your cat’s favorite things. Each time you call your cat, you’ll\nsurprise him with one of these things. Be sure to mix it up so that your cat\nnever knows which wonderful reward he’s going to get. The element of surprise\nwill make him more motivated to come to you.\n\nStart training.\n\nTrain at a time when your cat is motivated to work. For example, if you’re\ngoing to reward him with treats, have sessions right before dinnertime. If you\nplan to use toys instead, train when you know he’ll be energetic and ready to\nplay.\n\n * Choose a good spot. It’s best to start your training in a quiet room with no distractions.\n * Say your cue. Standing just a foot or two away from your cat, make the special sound you’ve chosen or say a verbal cue, like “Max, come!”\n * Reward your cat. Immediately give your cat his reward. If your cat is the playful sort, you can reward him with a few seconds of playtime. However, because you’ll need to repeat this exercise, it may be easier to use a food reward if you can find one that your cat adores. Many cats don’t like to take treats from people’s hands, so you may need to drop each treat on the floor in front of your cat or deliver his reward on a spoon if you’re using something wet like baby food.\n\nWalk a step or two away, and then repeat the exercise above. Eventually, your\ncat will start to orient toward you when he hears you say the cue. (This may\ntake just a few repetitions or it may take a few training sessions.) At this\npoint, you can start to gradually increase the distance your cat must come to\nreach you and earn his reward.\n\nIncrease difficulty.\n\nOver the next few weeks, continue to ask your cat to come from greater and\ngreater distances. Eventually, you should be able to call him anytime and from\nanywhere in your house and see him come running.\n\n * Aim for at least one or two short training sessions per day. Sessions should last five minutes or less. During each one, call and reward your cat 10 to 20 times.\n * Practice in every room of your house. If your cat is allowed to go outside, you can practice there, too, after your cat masters the skill indoors.\n * If you have more than one person in your household, you can try calling your cat back and forth between you. Remember to reward him every time he comes to either person.\n * When your cat will reliably come from all the way across a room, start calling him from one room into another.\n\nIt’s important to keep rewarding your cat every time he comes to you. It’s\nfine to vary the rewards—you can engage him in play with toys, give him treats\nand even scratch him in his favorite spots. However, if you stop rewarding\nyour cat altogether, his new skill will likely fall apart. Cats need a good\nreason to do what you ask, but if you provide that reason, they’re happy to\nlisten!\n\nAdditional Tips and Troubleshooting\n\n * If your cat is shy or fearful and has no training experience, it might be best to start his training career by teaching him a few easy behaviors. For example, try using a clicker to teach him to touch his nose to your finger, sit or lie down. (Please see our article on Clicker Training Your Pet for more information.) After your cat has mastered a few simple skills, you can move on to more difficult ones like coming when called.\n * If your cat has a hard time learning to come when called, he may not be able to hear you. White cats are often deaf, especially those with blue eyes. If you suspect that your cat has a hearing problem, you can take him to a vet for an examination. If your cat is hearing impaired, that doesn’t mean he can’t be trained. It just means that instead of a verbal cue, you’ll need to use a visual signal such as a waving hand. The only disadvantage is that you won’t be able to “call” your deaf cat when he can’t see you.\n * Most housecats stay home alone all day, stuck indoors, while their pet parents work long hours. Regular training sessions can give bored cats a great mental workout—and the more you exercise your cat’s brain while you’re home, the more he’ll rest peacefully when you’re away. In addition to coming when called, you can teach your cat a variety of entertaining and practical behaviors, like Sit, High Five and Roll Over. He can even learn to use the toilet! Please see our article on Training Your Cat to learn more about enriching your cat’s life through training.\n\n## Related Links\n\nTraining Your Cat\n\nWhile it is commonly thought that you can’t train your cat as you would train\nyour dog, it is possible to train cats. While cats aren’t as social as dogs,\nyou can train your cat using creativity and patience. Training your cat will\nstimulate his body and mind, which will keep him healthy.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Ride in a Carrier\n\nCat carriers are very useful for taking your cat to the veterinarian, or to\ntransport him in the case of an emergency or while traveling. However, your\ncat might not feel comfortable inside his carrier, and riding in it could\ncause him great distress. You can teach your cat to ride in his carrier.\n\nTeaching Your Cat to Walk on a Leash\n\nBy having your cat walk on a leash, you can let her enjoy the great outdoors\nin a safe manner. Outdoor excursions can help your cat maintain a healthy\nweight, and will stave off boredom issues. Follow these tips to train your cat\nto wear a harness and leash for walks outside.\n\nCat Toys\n\nCats benefit from being fit and active. Exercise is critical for your cat’s\nmental and physical health because it relieves stress and boredom, improves\ncirculation, builds muscle and can cut down on behavioral problems. Engaging\ncats with cat toys is a great way to encourage exercise.\n\nEnriching Your Cat's Life\n\nThere are countless great ways to enrich your cat’s life so she’ll be active\nand fulfilled. This list includes providing your cats with toys, areas to\nexplore and time to watch birds and other small animals.\n\nClicker Training Your Pet\n\nClicker training is a method of animal training that uses a sound—a click—to\ntell an animal when he does something right. Is it right for you?\n\n## In this Section\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Cats\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Dogs\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plant List - Horse\n * Toxic and Non-Toxic Plants\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n\n * Cat Behavior\n * Dog Behavior\n * Horse Behavior\n * Dog Care\n * Cat Care\n * Horse Care\n * Small Pet Care\n\n * Pet Loss\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter Programs\n * Disaster Preparedness\n * Planning for Your Pet's Future\n * Pet Food Recall\n * Pet Nutrition Service\n\n * Donate Today\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n\n## Our Partners\n\n#### Help Stop Animal Abuse\n\n#### Protect Your Pets\n\n## Easy Ways to Help Animals\n\nJoin Team ASPCA\n\nDonate Your Birthday\n\n * Fight Cruelty\n\n * Report Animal Cruelty\n * Field Investigations and Response Team\n * Cruelty Intervention Advocacy Program\n * ASPCA Forensic Services\n * Advocacy Center\n * View More »\n * Adopt\n\n * Adoptable Dogs\n * Adoptable Cats\n * Adoption Tips\n * Meet Your Match\n * Find a Shelter\n * View More »\n * Pet Care\n\n * Animal Poison Control\n * Virtual Pet Behaviorist\n * Cat Care\n * Dog Care\n * Low-Cost Spay/Neuter\n * Pet Planning\n * View More »\n * NYC\n\n * Adoption Center\n * Mobile Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * Stationary Spay/Neuter Clinic\n * ASPCA Animal Hospital\n * Fostering for the ASPCA\n * Animal Assisted Therapy\n * View More »\n * Get Involved\n\n * Join Team ASPCA\n * Advocacy Center\n * Donate Your Birthday\n * Create a Memorial Page\n * Create a Wedding Page\n * View More »\n * About Us\n\n * Pressroom\n * Jobs\n * Corporate Partnerships\n * ASPCA Grants\n * Policies and Positions\n * Annual Report & Form 990\n * View More »\n * Donate\n\n * Make a Donation\n * Become a Monthly Donor\n * Planned Giving\n * Memorial Gift\n * ASPCA TV Commercial: Join ASPCA\n * Vehicle Donations\n * Other Ways to Give »\n\n## Footer Info Menu\n\n * FAQ\n * Legal Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2015 ASPCA. All rights reserved. The American Society for the Prevention of\nCruelty to Animals® is a 501(c)(3) not-for-profit organization.\n\n## Footer Contact Menu\n\n * ASPCApro.org »\n * Contact\n * Jobs\n * Pressroom\n\n"
}
] |
207,914 | How To Play Light as a Feather | To play light as a feather, start with one person lying flat on their back on the ground with their arms crossed over their chest. The other players, or the lifters, should kneel around the liftee and slip two fingers underneath the liftee's body using both hands. While the liftee remains perfectly still, the rest of the group chants "Light as a feather, stiff as a board" in unison before attempting to lift the person off the ground using just their fingers. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200811090207/https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180816223319/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210818054157/https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210516195705/https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171103030131/http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/"
] | train | 615 | [
{
"original_url": "https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200811090207/https://urbanlegendsonline.com/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board",
"passages": [
"A fun and somewhat freaky levitation game for you and at least five of your friends to play at night. It does not summon spirits, nor is it intended to be horror-like.",
"Late at night, light a candle in a dark room and place it on the floor, and unplug any and all electronic devices. I find it works best if outside lights (including the moon and stars) are blocked by curtains or something similar. Have someone (the subject, or victim, if you will, lay down with their arms crossed over their chest with the candle between their feet. Arrange five kneeling people around the subject. Done correctly, two people will be at the subject’s knees, one on each side, two more at the subject’s shoulders, and one at his or her head. Have the five people place their index and middle fingers of both hands under the subject, with their palms facing up.",
"Now everyone, including the subject, closes their eyes. The person kneeling at the subject’s head then says, “Light as a feather, stiff as a board.” Going clockwise (to the left), each person repeats the phrase and it goes around the circle until everyone (not including the subject) has said it three times. It is very important to enunciate clearly, otherwise it won’t work. If anyone is skipped at any time or hesitates to say it, it won’t work either. Once the chant has passed around the circle three times, the person kneeling at the head of the subject says, “One, two, three.” On “three,” each of the five kneeling people flick their fingers upward, being careful not to move.",
"If this works, the subject will slowly float up off the ground. They will continue to rise until someone opens their eyes, moves, or speaks, or until the person gets above the flame of the candle at their feet. When that happens, they will immediately fall back to the floor, so either be prepared to catch them or don’t let them get too high. They go up at a rate of about two or three inches per second, so keep this in mind when performing this trick.",
"I’ve been told this also works in a pitch black room, but I have not tried it myself. Another version I’ve heard requires this to be done outside in the light of the moon (most likely a full one), but this is difficult unless you live in an area where there aren’t any other sources of light. The rules are the same except for the one about the subject rising above the candle. More than just the six people required for the stunt can be in the room, but they must be kneeling and closing their eyes, and they can’t move or speak or the trick won’t work.",
"Folks in Appalachia often practiced a hybrid form of Christianity which marries traditional Biblical teaching with practices and customs that some would see more closely aligned with mysticism and the occult. The results have...",
"Legends and magic are associated with willow trees. They symbolise renewal, growth, vitality and immortality in China. The weeping willow is a common sign of mourning. “In Louisiana, when a willow grew large enough...",
"According to German tradition, The tradition of Weihnachtsgurke, or the Christmas Pickle, was the last ornament placed on the tree. On Christmas morning, the first child to find the gherkin was rewarded with an..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board - UrbanLegendsOnline.com\n\nSkip to content Menu Close\n\nReport a Legend\n\nMenu\n\n# Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board\n\nJanuary 13, 2014 Rituals and Games\n\nA fun and somewhat freaky levitation game for you and at least five of your\nfriends to play at night. It does not summon spirits, nor is it intended to be\nhorror-like.\n\nLate at night, light a candle in a dark room and place it on the floor, and\nunplug any and all electronic devices. I find it works best if outside lights\n(including the moon and stars) are blocked by curtains or something similar.\nHave someone (the subject, or victim, if you will, lay down with their arms\ncrossed over their chest with the candle between their feet. Arrange five\nkneeling people around the subject. Done correctly, two people will be at the\nsubject’s knees, one on each side, two more at the subject’s shoulders, and\none at his or her head. Have the five people place their index and middle\nfingers of both hands under the subject, with their palms facing up.\n\nNow everyone, including the subject, closes their eyes. The person kneeling at\nthe subject’s head then says, “Light as a feather, stiff as a board.” Going\nclockwise (to the left), each person repeats the phrase and it goes around the\ncircle until everyone (not including the subject) has said it three times. It\nis very important to enunciate clearly, otherwise it won’t work. If anyone is\nskipped at any time or hesitates to say it, it won’t work either. Once the\nchant has passed around the circle three times, the person kneeling at the\nhead of the subject says, “One, two, three.” On “three,” each of the five\nkneeling people flick their fingers upward, being careful not to move.\n\nIf this works, the subject will slowly float up off the ground. They will\ncontinue to rise until someone opens their eyes, moves, or speaks, or until\nthe person gets above the flame of the candle at their feet. When that\nhappens, they will immediately fall back to the floor, so either be prepared\nto catch them or don’t let them get too high. They go up at a rate of about\ntwo or three inches per second, so keep this in mind when performing this\ntrick.\n\nI’ve been told this also works in a pitch black room, but I have not tried it\nmyself. Another version I’ve heard requires this to be done outside in the\nlight of the moon (most likely a full one), but this is difficult unless you\nlive in an area where there aren’t any other sources of light. The rules are\nthe same except for the one about the subject rising above the candle. More\nthan just the six people required for the stunt can be in the room, but they\nmust be kneeling and closing their eyes, and they can’t move or speak or the\ntrick won’t work.\n\nEnjoy freaking your friends out!\n\nRachel Rise from Lake Oswego, Oregon\n\n### Share this:\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on WhatsApp (Opens in new window)\n\n### Like this:\n\nLike Loading...\n\nPosted in Rituals and Games\n\n#### Related Posts\n\n## The Amish Ghost Bridge of Pinecraft, Florida\n\nJune 3, 2020\n\n## President Trump wants to drain the swamp...\n\nJune 3, 2020\n\n## Covid ICU Nurse in NYC\n\nJune 3, 2020\n\n## The Four Thieves\n\nMarch 5, 2020\n\n#### Recent Superstitions Posts: SuperstitionsOnline.com\n\n#### Water Witching\n\nFolks in Appalachia often practiced a hybrid form of Christianity which\nmarries traditional Biblical teaching with practices and customs that some\nwould see more closely aligned with mysticism and the occult. The results\nhave...\n\n#### Willow Trees and Pussy Willows\n\nLegends and magic are associated with willow trees. They symbolise renewal,\ngrowth, vitality and immortality in China. The weeping willow is a common sign\nof mourning. “In Louisiana, when a willow grew large enough...\n\n#### The Christmas Pickle\n\nAccording to German tradition, The tradition of Weihnachtsgurke, or the\nChristmas Pickle, was the last ornament placed on the tree. On Christmas\nmorning, the first child to find the gherkin was rewarded with an...\n\n#### Top Posts & Pages\n\n#### Urban Legend Categories\n\n * Bridges and Tracks\n * Bugs and Snakes\n * Cars\n * Celebrities\n * Children\n * Emails\n * Facebook & Twitter\n * Featured\n * Food\n * Ghost Stories\n * Government and Military\n * Holidays\n * Hollywood\n * Home Invasion\n * Horrible Accidents\n * Love and Marraige\n * Mad Men\n * Medical\n * Mirrors\n * Pets\n * Pictures and Video\n * Regional and Cultural\n * Rituals and Games\n * Scams and Cons\n * School\n * Unbelievable Stories\n * Uncategorized\n * UrbanLegendsOnline\n * Warnings\n * Web and Tech\n\n#### Follow Us!\n\n#### Visit Our Partner Sites\n\n#### Subscribe to Legends via Email\n\nweb site by onyourmarkdesigns.com\n\n%d bloggers like this:\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180816223319/http://www.guinnessworldrecords.com:80/world-records/heaviest-weight-lifted-with-little-fingers",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers",
"passages": [
"10 November 2016\nThe heaviest weight lifted with little fingers is 88.96 kg (196 lb 1.9 oz) and was achieved by Ross McCurdy (USA) in Silverdale, Washington, USA, on 10 November 2016.",
"All records listed on our website are current and up-to-date. For a full list of record titles, please use our Record Application Search. (You will be need to register / login for access)",
"We use cookies on this website. By using this site, you agree that we may store and access cookies on your device."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers | Guinness World Records\n\nen\n\n * Main site\n * Teachers\n * Kids\n\n * English\n * Deutsche\n * عربي\n * Português\n * Español\n * 日本語\n * 中文\n\n * My Account\n * Sign Out\n\n# Heaviest weight lifted with little fingers\n\n#### Share\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Email\n * Whatsapp\n * LinkedIn\n * Pinterest\n * Reddit\n\nApply Now\n\nWho\n\n Ross McCurdy\n\nWhat\n\n 88.96 kilogram(s)\n\nWhere\n\n United States (Silverdale)\n\nWhen\n\n 10 November 2016\n\nThe heaviest weight lifted with little fingers is 88.96 kg (196 lb 1.9 oz) and\nwas achieved by Ross McCurdy (USA) in Silverdale, Washington, USA, on 10\nNovember 2016.\n\nRoss McCurdy is an avid deadlifter and holds several other Guinness World\nRecord Titles.\n\nAll records listed on our website are current and up-to-date. For a full list\nof record titles, please use our Record Application Search. (You will be need\nto register / login for access)\n\nComments below may relate to previous holders of this record.\n\n### Related Records\n\n#### Heaviest weighted hip thrust\n\n#### Most people deadlifted\n\n#### Heaviest vehicle pulled (upper body)\n\n#### Most push ups in one minute carrying a 100 lb pack (male)\n\n#### Heaviest vehicle pulled over 100 ft by a pair (male)\n\n#### Most iron bars bent with the head in one minute\n\n##### Guinness World Records\n\n * Guinness World Records 2018 Edition\n * 2018 Gamer's Edition\n * 2018 Amazing Animals\n * Guinness World Records Kids\n * GWR Store\n * Press Centre\n\n##### Resources\n\n * FAQs\n * Contact us\n * Business Solutions\n * Campaign solutions for business\n * Television Programmes\n * Educators\n * GWR Tax Strategy\n\n##### Using the Site\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Cookie Policy\n\n##### More Guinness World Records\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n * Google\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Snapchat\n * Pinterest\n\n * English\n * Deutsche\n * عربي\n * Português\n * Español\n * 日本語\n * 中文\n\n© Guinness World Records Limited 2018. All rights reserved.\n\nRegistered in England No: 541295\n\nRegistered Office: South Quay Building, 189 Marsh Wall, London E14 9SH United\nKingdom\n\n#### We use cookies on this website\n\nWe use cookies on this website. By using this site, you agree that we may\nstore and access cookies on your device.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210818054157/https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/31/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Monday 31 July 1665 (The Diary of Samuel Pepys)",
"passages": [
"Up, and very betimes by six o’clock at Deptford, and there find Sir G. Carteret, and my Lady ready to go: I being in my new coloured silk suit, and coat trimmed with gold buttons and gold broad lace round my hands, very rich and fine. By water to the Ferry, where, when we come, no coach there; and tide of ebb so far spent as the horse-boat could not get off on the other side the river to bring away the coach. So we were fain to stay there in the unlucky Isle of Doggs, in a chill place, the morning cool, and wind fresh, above two if not three hours to our great discontent. Yet being upon a pleasant errand, and seeing that it could not be helped, we did bear it very patiently; and it was worth my observing, I thought, as ever any thing, to see how upon these two scores, Sir G. Carteret, the most passionate man in the world, and that was in greatest haste to be gone, did bear with it, and very pleasant all the while, at least not troubled much so as to fret and storm at it.",
"Anon the coach comes: in the mean time there coming a News thither with his horse to go over, that told us he did come from Islington this morning; and that Proctor the vintner of the Miter in Wood-street, and his son, are dead this morning there, of the plague; he having laid out abundance of money there, and was the greatest vintner for some time in London for great entertainments.",
"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that when we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone from home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which troubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there being three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me; but yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual. All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had saluted her or no. So to dinner, and very merry we were; but yet in such a sober way as never almost any wedding was in so great families: but it was much better. After dinner company divided, some to cards, others to talk. My Lady Sandwich and I up to settle accounts, and pay her some money. And mighty kind she is to me, and would fain have had me gone down for company with her to Hinchingbroke; but for my life I cannot.",
"At night to supper, and so to talk; and which, methought, was the most extraordinary thing, all of us to prayers as usual, and the young bride and bridegroom too and so after prayers, soberly to bed; only I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that could be, and so good night.",
"But the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.",
"Whereas I feared I must have sat up all night, we did here all get good beds, and I lay in the same I did before with Mr. Brisband, who is a good scholler and sober man; and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep. My eyes much troubled already with the change of my drink.",
"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life, because I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and honour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of money; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all sides.",
"This evening with Mr. Brisband, speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling him some of my charms; he told me this of his owne knowledge, at Bourdeaux, in France. The words these:",
"Voyci un Corps mort, Royde come un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger come un esprit, Levons to au nom de Jesus Christ.",
"This is one of the strangest things I ever heard, but he tells it me of his owne knowledge, and I do heartily believe it to be true. I enquired of him whether they were Protestant or Catholique girles; and he told me they were Protestant, which made it the more strange to me.",
"Thus we end this month, as I said, after the greatest glut of content that ever I had; only under some difficulty because of the plague, which grows mightily upon us, the last week being about 1700 or 1800 of the plague.",
"My Lord Sandwich at sea with a fleet of about 100 sail, to the Northward, expecting De Ruyter, or the Dutch East India fleet.",
"Myself having obliged both these families in this business very much; as both my Lady, and Sir G. Carteret and his Lady do confess exceedingly, and the latter do also now call me cozen, which I am glad of.",
"*** \"Voyci un Corps mort, Roy comme un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger comme un esprit, Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ.\"",
"Behold, a dead body, Still as a stone, Cold as marble, Light as a spirit, We lift you in the name of Jesus Christ.",
"\". . .putting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the ground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four fingers raise this boy as high as they could reach...\" I saw the exact thing done (without the incantation--I forget the exact method of \"inducing\" the lightness)when a child. It was for a week or so a very popular trick in the schoolyard around 1960, until we moved on to other mysteries. I had not thought of it since until reading this. I had no idea it was such an old trick.",
"Hello, I am de-lurking out of sheer astonishment. I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance. Our debased version of the incantation was \"light as a feather and stiff as a board.\" I think that if the \"corpse\" remains stiff then the weight distributed among eight points might not be too difficult to lift. Under conditions of low light and emotional intensity. I wonder what \"charms\" Pepys knew?",
"\"I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance\"",
"I played the same game too. And speaking of sleepover games.....I can't wait to see Sam's entry when he finds himself sitting at the table with Elizabeth and the maids asking his Ouiji Board \"will Harman marry Pall?\" and getting an answer that says, \"not likely\". Then he'll pull out his Magic 8 Ball and ask if Balty will ever find a job of his own, he'll give it a shake and it will say \"NO WAY!\"",
"Pepys, the dramatist, is at his best today. The nuptial bed scene, with Sam first having some ribald exchanges with the groom and then kissing the bride in bed before drawing the curtains and tiptoeing out, is fabulous, and should find its way into a movie. And yet, \"the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall\" — he recognizes there's something sublime about the whole affair.",
"1. Prescribed by, in conformity with, or having reference to ecclesiastical edict or canon law. 1570-6 b. canonical hours: (a) stated times of the day appointed by the canons for prayer and devotion; (b) the hours (now from 8 a.m. to 3 p.m.) within which marriage can be legally performed in a parish church in England; (c) transf. 1665 PEPYS Diary (1879) III. 207 We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring",
"d. canonical obedience: the obedience to be rendered by inferior clergy to the bishop or other ecclesiastical superior, according to the canons. 1621",
"\"Though Bess got no invitation through the mails. Sam's presence is requested this day, It's formal, a silk suit, gold buttons and lace. No plague now could take the joy out of his face. Because he's invited to step out this day With silk suit, gold buttons, and lace.",
"Yes, Sam's...Puttin' on his silk suit...Polishin' up his gold buttons, brushin' up his lace. He's...Duding up his waist bands, Puttin' on the periwig, Polishin' up those nails, Your Sam's steppin' out, dear Bess, To breathe an atmosphere That simply reeks with class; And he trusts that you'll excuse his dust As that six horse carriage goes past, For he'll be there, Breathin' on his gold buttons, Mussin' up the new suit, Dancin' in his lace.\"",
"Wonder if his line with Bess is the ole... \"What falderal, all this extra work keeping me from you.\" Sigh. \"But you know Carteret is one of my bosses and I have to keep the bosses happy. You know how much I loathe all this nonsensical hobnobbing with the wealthy and powerful.\"",
"My own diary entry for today took just six words - am I more efficient than him? (Since you really, really want to know it was: \"V&A live. London Zoo\")",
"Seriously, how long would it have taken him to have written this entry by candlelight at midnight in shorthand at the end of a long and busy day. And it seems to me that his diary entries are tending to get ever longer.",
"\"All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had saluted her or no.\"",
"\"and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep\"",
"Well said Sam, what better things can you hear from a foreign visitor (in this case a Scot) but stories about his home,",
"I think, Glyn, in this context \"the salute\" though physically a kiss to formally greet the new bride, is quite important. Lady Sandwich was offering Sam firm proof that he is now a fully accepted member of the family-no longer a servant, a true cousin. Sam, wisely deferrential, hung back until such a proof was made. His noting that the Carterets' now consider him a \"cozen\" is a part of that rise to full family member.",
"All the effort he's put in here and over the years has finally paid off. He has arrived, at last. How sweet that the seal should come from his dear Lady Jemina. And what a sad thing that he never thought to try and have Bess included to see him in his long-awaited triumph.",
"How many married visitors to the Diary, as chronicled in Phil's beautifully charted \"Site statistics,\" would you imagine were accompanied to their [italicized] nuptial beds in this fashion?",
"\"I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that could be, and so good night.\"",
"Has conferred with \"Mr Attorney Montagu\" at Faxton, who lodged there on his journey to Sir John Aubrey in Wales, whither he has resolved to proceed because he can come thence \"to the meeting at Salisbury...\" more safely, considering that the roads remote from London are more free from the Plague, than others nearer.\" Enters at great length, into particulars of dowry, jointure, and settlements, in relation to a proposed marriage of Lord Hinchinbroke [Lord Hinchinbroke, afterwards Second Earl of Sandwich, married Anne Boyle, daughter of Richard, Earl of Burlington. In this letter the lady's name is not mentioned.] (about which, as it seems, the meeting at Salisbury \"was to be held\"), and enumerates certain points as to which \"Mr Attorney\" desires his Lordship's instructions. ...",
"CGS gives us 8-3, but would they have chosen times when both hands of the clock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?",
"I don't believe this reading; it's lousy French. Surely it would have been \"Levons-le\" -- \"Let us lift him.\" (The letter l is easily confused with t.)",
"How lovely that Sam can appreciate the 'solemn' wedding. \"But the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.\" Perhaps witnessing a couple who take marriage vows seriously ??? or the difference in an upper class 'event'???",
"I am sure that in his days Sam has attended many different types of weddings, including perhaps some on the bawdy side of the tracks. His comments today are intriguing to me.",
"Also, of note --has anyone caught his overall comments about the \"Ladies\" --Lady Sandwich and Lady Carteret are perhaps 2 of the few women that Sam continuously writes of as gracious, kind and overall just plain classy.",
"Re: Roy/Royde. Wheatley looks more accurate than L&M in one respect: raide (royde) means stiff, roi (roy) means king. Baston is odd too. Old spelling of bâton = stick/wand not stone (pierre). Royde come un Baston = Raide comme un bâton = Stiff as a stick? Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text? If the latter, then t and l could be confused, as LH suggests, but why would he use clear French to describe his peccadillos, which his French speaking wife could easily read? Puzzling.",
"SP proposed the idea of this marriage to Carteret on June 24th.; financial and other arrangements concluded by June 28th.; the couple meet first on July 15th., \"but nothing to the lady from him at all. To supper, and after supper to talk again, he yet taking no notice of the lady. My Lord would have had me have consented to leaving the young people together to-night, to begin their amours, his staying being but to be little. But I advised against it, lest the lady might be too much surprised. So they led him up to his chamber, where I staid a little, to know how he liked the lady, which he told me he did mightily; but, Lord! in the dullest insipid manner that ever lover did.\" ( http://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/15/ ); part on the 17th.; meet again on the 24th.; are 'well acquainted' by the 28th., and married today, the 31st.",
"I realize that the families know of each other, and that this is no modern 'love match,' (and that marriages 'of state' could take place by proxy without the parties even setting eyes on each other) but by way of comparison the time taken for the couple to get to know each other over the course of fifteen days, seems less than that required by SP in the diary period for sufficient familiarity to develop between two men for them to agree to dine at each other's houses.",
"Here in Co. Cork Ireland the expression \"to salute\" a person is still used meaning to greet by a lifting of the hand in a quick flick ---less than a wave more than gesture. Its usually an acknowledgement of a stranger or an aquaintance and is mostly done in country areas or villages now. A person will comment on someone ignoring them by saying \"he didnt even salute me\" .It is also often done between drivers passing each other on a country road",
"\"The passages are all written in shorthand: and to obscure the meaning still further, many words are complicated by inserting between syllables the shorthand symbols for 'l, r, m, or n. ... they appear in this text with with older French spellings, or with Spanish forms that are now non standard ...\" L&M vol. i, Introduction, p. lxi.",
"[a. F. salut masc., of twofold origin: (1) = Sp. saludo, It. saluto, vbl. n. f. Common Rom. (L.) sal{umac}t{amac}re to SALUTE; (2) originally fem., = Sp. salud, Pg. saude, It. salute:{em}L. sal{umac}t-em (nom. sal{umac}s) health, safety, salvation.]",
"1. An utterance, gesture, or action of any kind by which one person salutes another; a salutation. Now chiefly used with reference to other than verbal modes of saluting: cf. the following senses. a1400-50",
"2. A kiss, by way of salutation. (Cf. SALUTE v. 2e.) 1590 GREENE Never too late (1600) 93 To her hee goes, and after his wonted salute sat downe by her.",
"3. Mil. and Naut. a. A discharge of cannon or small arms, display of flags, a dipping of sails, a cheering of men, manning the yards, etc., as a mark of respect, or as military, naval, or official honour, for a person, nation, event, etc. A salute is said to be of as many guns as there are volleys fired.",
"Good question! I wonder whether he was acquainted with the LEMEGETON, CLAVICULA SALOMONIS, or THE LESSER KEY OF SOLOMON, Detailing the ceremonial art of commanding spirits both good and evil (1641?) http://www.esotericarchives.com/solomon/lemegeton...",
"First, welcome Ghalle—and enjoy the catching-up!. Second, i am French and i testify to the exactitude of \"royde comme un baston\", it is still widely used today in its modernised form \"raide comme un bâton\" (the circomflex accent is a remnant of the letter \"s\", as in hôpital, rôti, maître, a.s.o.). Finally, some light on the levitation trick (Pepys is even quoted!) at http://www.wikihow.com/Play-Light-as-a-Feather And what a great entry!",
"Plymouth, July 25: The Elizabeth has caught six Dutch ships in the channel. Middlesex and City and Liberties of Westminster, July 25: Charitable donations to the sufferers in London should be given to four churchwardens listed in order to ensure they end up being applied correctly. Cadiz, July 6: The Dutch are trying to stir up the Moors agains the English at Tangier, but it's not working; the mole raised at Tangier will frustrate Dutch incursions; description of the mole and its fortress. Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the King's army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals. London, July 28: The Dutch have supposedly devised two councils of war \"to sit abord the Fleet\" but in fact \"the Dominus fac Totum is De Wit, the rest serving onely to countenance the design;\" the Fleet officers are offended by all this; the fleet lies in the Texel, but does not have enough ships to put out; De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway The Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate. Numbers from the latest plague bill. Vienna, July 18: Turkish ambassador thinks he is not getting enough respect; Ambassador from Munster complaining of the injuries he has received from the Netherlands; expecting news of a big battle in Poland Legorn, July 18: Sir John Einth, the British resident in Tuscany, is making a good impression; ; description of his reception by the Grand Duke of Tuscany; the Dutch in Legorn celebrated when they heard a rumor that the Dutch fleet was victorious, but when more accurate news arrived that they had been defeated they disappeared and the English were celebrating publicly. Flushing, Aug 4 [presumably Gregorian calendar]: Holland has usurped on the privileges of this province by enlisting men for the navy; alarms of dangers out of Germany; \"This state is dryed up, and the Merchant, languishing for want of Trade\" Ostend, August 5: The states of Holland are in such bad shape that it's hard to see how they can continue the war \"considering the general defection, misery; and complaint of the People, which resort hither of late in great numbers, and we find them better informed in the true state as the difference then stands with the convenience of their Governors.\" Antwerp, August 4: The Dutch fleet will sail out when they can, but \"wise men are of opinion they will not venture to sea yet this fortnight;\" the naval commanders look on De Witt \"as a kind of Amphibion,\" Final article: JPs of County Surrey have direted the closure of the wells and other plague measures",
"New ads: lost dog, lost watch, Robert Theaker's new book 'A Light to the Longitude: Or the use of an Instrument called the Seamans Director, speedily resolving all Astronomical Cases and Questions concerning the Sung, Moon...\"",
"De Ruyter had reached the Norwegian coast and sailed towards Jutland after cleaning his ships in case he met with the enemy.",
"Sandwich was hovering about Dogger Bank, and thinking of attacking De Ruyter if he took refuge in the neutral port of Bergen. He also hoped to take rich cargo of the returning East India fleet and had obtained permission from the Danes upon promise of giving them half the booty. When he heard that De Ruyter had been seen near Bergan on the 10/20th July he made for it with his whole fleet; but De Ruyter had just escaped to the south.",
"De Ruyter decided to try to reach the Ems past Heligoland, and if this was possible to take refuge in the Elbe or the Weser. On 23rdJuly/2nd August he met a few English ships but Sandwich was on the coast of Norway and so he was able to make straight for Holland. In his Journal he put this down to the direct assistance of God, and he reached western Ems on the same day. The buoys and beacons had been removed to prevent English attack.",
"On the 28th July/6th August at 3 o’clock the fleet towing its prizes adorned with their English flags in sign of triumph, anchored in the roads of Delfzijl. The news spread like wildfire throughout the whole Republic.",
"No Admiral had ever been given such a reception and Lowestoft was forgotten. Everyone believed that their hero would save the country from danger.",
"One of the prizes he had taken contained a quantity of sugar and tobacco as well as 1600lbs of elephant trunks, 682 marcs of gold to the value of nearly £20,000 and a number of other goods.",
"The Chinese impression of the Dutch in the 17th Century was naturally influenced by the piratical attacks of the Netherlands against the Fukienese junks trading with Manila, and by forcibly kidnapping of the Chinese to help populate Batavia after Coen’s capture of Jakarta.",
"I think this guy actually is a pirate, though. The Ming dynasty had trouble controlling their huge empire, and Chinese pirates fluorished through the 17th century.",
"\"Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the King’s army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals.\"",
"Brief summary of events in Eastern Europe: Ukraine had long been restive under the rule of Poland (or, to be precise, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth, which up to this point had been a major power); in 1654 the Ukrainian Cossack leader Bogdan Khmelnitsky, encouraged by Tsar Alexei, had declared independence, starting a long war between Poland (aided by the Turks) and Russia. Things had been going badly for the Russians on the battlefield since 1660, but the Polish King John Casimir (Polish: Jan Kazimierz Waza) was faced with a revolt of the nobility led by Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, who will defeat the king's forces in August near Częstochowa (before being forced into exile in 1668). At the moment drawn-out peace negotiations are being carried on between Russia and Poland that will culminate in January 1667 in the Truce of Andrusovo, which gives Left Bank Ukraine (the eastern part) to Russia and Right Bank Ukraine to Poland. The disruption caused in Russia by the war, increasingly onerous taxation, and oppression of the peasants (who fled in massive numbers to the relative freedom of Ukrainian Cossack life) will lead in a few years to Stepan (Stenka) Razin's rebellion. Poland will continue to suffer war and rebellions and in the next century will be divided up between Russia, Prussia, and Austria.",
"here be all them's that believe ye shall NOT steal? freedom of the seas then dominion over all that crawl....",
"Reading the account of the girls levitating the boy took me back [**] years to when I was 10 and doing this by candlelight in a friend's cellar. Quite scary. And I too had no idea this was so old. We used to chant in a voice just above a whisper:(repeating round the group) \"she looks pale, she is pale, she looks cold, she is cold, she looks dead, she is dead, raise her\"",
"Weddings used to be rowdy affairs in medieval times and it was Puritan influences beginning in the 16th century which sobered things up. Sam was expecting a lot of boisterous play with garters and ribbons and so on, but no such luck. He did get to kiss (salute) the bride and then get another kiss in once she had been put to bed. And him in his red suit AND gold buttons AND gold lace. (and also no Bess.....)",
"You had to be married before 2.30. There's a whole plot line developed around this in Hardy's Far From the Madding Crowd.",
"JWB - cannonical hours - \"would they have chosen times when both hands of the clock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\"",
"for the simple reason that it was only in the mid 17th c. that clocks were fitted with a second (minutes) hand...",
"May I add, to the general admiration of this entry for its lively detail about the wedding day, my appreciation of Sam's writing on to give (as he often did) his monthly/quarterly summary of the affairs of his life and community. The change in focus from the minute to the overview is particularly effective here.",
"\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"",
"\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"",
"A single trusted messenger (Carteret's Hewer) could cross the Thames by galley to an inn on the south side where a horse could be hired.",
"\"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life, because I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and honour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of money; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all sides.\"",
"States the happy circumstances attendant on the marriage of Lady Jemima Montagu with Mr Carteret as being \"the only occurrence ... I ever met with, begun, proceeded on and finished with the same uninterrupted excess of satisfaction to all parties\". Reports his having sent a ship of 36 guns, to fetch Lord Hinchinbrooke from Calais, who proceeded to join the bridal party at Scots Hall. Adds his advice to Lord Sandwich \"to quicken the settlement of the money matters on both sides\". Mentions that \"the Plague is now, more or less, got into most corners of the Kingdom\". ...",
"\"the cook of the house, a very lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is very big, and they did raise him in just the same manner. \"",
"For accounts (at second hand) of similar experiments, see Letters on natural magic by Brewster, David, Sir; Smith, James Alexander, pub. 1883, pp. 255-7 https://archive.org/details/lettersonnatural00bre... It is said to be essential that all the people concerned shall breathe in simultaneously, and hold their breath. (Per L&M note)",
"On Tuesday 24 January, 1659/60, Samuel and Elizabeth attend the wedding of Capt. Tom Lucy ... which was more ribald than today, and he didn't enjoy it.",
"We played the 'raising the body' game too, after lights out at our boarding school. Words very similar to Australian Susan's. I was sure at the time we did raise the body, although now I can't believe we did.",
". But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths",
"Why in their old cloaths? Was the Sandwich party bringing silks and gold buttons for the bride and the groom?",
"\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that when we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone from home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which troubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there being three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me; but yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual. \"",
"The story to me is that they were running late, so reluctantly sent a rider ahead with the license and ring because the service had to be completed by a set time. They followed in the coach at full gallop, stopped at Dagenhams, but everyone had already left. So they headed towards the church, and met everyone coming away from the service. Pepys missed it! Grandpa Lord Crew gave away Mrs. Jem (since Sandwich is at sea). There were three other coach-loads of witnesses. People were dressed in their usual clothes ... which wasn't uncommon in those days. You wore your best dress to your wedding. And these folk's usual \"old\" clothes would be pretty fancy.",
"Perhaps if it had been held during peace-time, at Court, with Charles and Catherine in attendance, there would have been more of a dressy do. But knowing they could all be dead soon, they moved up the wedding by 3 days, and happily just got on with it. Ask anyone who remembers WWII -- that's how it was then, too."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Monday 31 July 1665 (The Diary of Samuel Pepys)\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# The Diary of Samuel Pepys\n\nDaily entries from the 17th century London diary\n\n# Monday 31 July 1665\n\nUp, and very betimes by six o’clock at Deptford, and there find Sir G.\nCarteret, and my Lady ready to go: I being in my new coloured silk suit, and\ncoat trimmed with gold buttons and gold broad lace round my hands, very rich\nand fine. By water to the Ferry, where, when we come, no coach there; and tide\nof ebb so far spent as the horse-boat could not get off on the other side the\nriver to bring away the coach. So we were fain to stay there in the unlucky\nIsle of Doggs, in a chill place, the morning cool, and wind fresh, above two\nif not three hours to our great discontent. Yet being upon a pleasant errand,\nand seeing that it could not be helped, we did bear it very patiently; and it\nwas worth my observing, I thought, as ever any thing, to see how upon these\ntwo scores, Sir G. Carteret, the most passionate man in the world, and that\nwas in greatest haste to be gone, did bear with it, and very pleasant all the\nwhile, at least not troubled much so as to fret and storm at it.\n\nAnon the coach comes: in the mean time there coming a News thither with his\nhorse to go over, that told us he did come from Islington this morning; and\nthat Proctor the vintner of the Miter in Wood-street, and his son, are dead\nthis morning there, of the plague; he having laid out abundance of money\nthere, and was the greatest vintner for some time in London for great\nentertainments.\n\nWe, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that\nwhen we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone\nfrom home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which\ntroubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well\ndone: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there\nbeing three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me;\nbut yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual.\nAll saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had\nsaluted her or no. So to dinner, and very merry we were; but yet in such a\nsober way as never almost any wedding was in so great families: but it was\nmuch better. After dinner company divided, some to cards, others to talk. My\nLady Sandwich and I up to settle accounts, and pay her some money. And mighty\nkind she is to me, and would fain have had me gone down for company with her\nto Hinchingbroke; but for my life I cannot.\n\nAt night to supper, and so to talk; and which, methought, was the most\nextraordinary thing, all of us to prayers as usual, and the young bride and\nbridegroom too and so after prayers, soberly to bed; only I got into the\nbridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was very merry,\ntill he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went. I kissed\nthe bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest gravity that\ncould be, and so good night.\n\nBut the modesty and gravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me\nindeed ten times more delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry\nand joviall.\n\nWhereas I feared I must have sat up all night, we did here all get good beds,\nand I lay in the same I did before with Mr. Brisband, who is a good scholler\nand sober man; and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home,\nwhich is the most delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to\nsleep. My eyes much troubled already with the change of my drink.\n\nThus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life,\nbecause I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and\nhonour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of\nmoney; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all\nsides.\n\nThis evening with Mr. Brisband, speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling\nhim some of my charms; he told me this of his owne knowledge, at Bourdeaux, in\nFrance. The words these:\n\n> Voyci un Corps mort, Royde come un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger come un\n> esprit, Levons to au nom de Jesus Christ.\n\nHe saw four little girles, very young ones, all kneeling, each of them, upon\none knee; and one begun the first line, whispering in the eare of the next,\nand the second to the third, and the third to the fourth, and she to the\nfirst. Then the first begun the second line, and so round quite through, and,\nputting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the\nground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four\nfingers raise this boy as high as they could reach, and he [Mr. Brisband]\nbeing there, and wondering at it, as also being afeard to see it, for they\nwould have had him to have bore a part in saying the words, in the roome of\none of the little girles that was so young that they could hardly make her\nlearn to repeat the words, did, for feare there might be some sleight used in\nit by the boy, or that the boy might be light, call the cook of the house, a\nvery lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is very big, and they did\nraise him in just the same manner.\n\nThis is one of the strangest things I ever heard, but he tells it me of his\nowne knowledge, and I do heartily believe it to be true. I enquired of him\nwhether they were Protestant or Catholique girles; and he told me they were\nProtestant, which made it the more strange to me.\n\nThus we end this month, as I said, after the greatest glut of content that\never I had; only under some difficulty because of the plague, which grows\nmightily upon us, the last week being about 1700 or 1800 of the plague.\n\nMy Lord Sandwich at sea with a fleet of about 100 sail, to the Northward,\nexpecting De Ruyter, or the Dutch East India fleet.\n\nMy Lord Hinchingbroke coming over from France, and will meet his sister at\nScott’s-hall.\n\nMyself having obliged both these families in this business very much; as both\nmy Lady, and Sir G. Carteret and his Lady do confess exceedingly, and the\nlatter do also now call me cozen, which I am glad of.\n\nSo God preserve us all friends long, and continue health among us.\n\n# 51 Annotations\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\n\"there coming a citizen thither with his horse to go over\" transcribe L&M.\n\n*** \"Voyci un Corps mort, Roy comme un Baston, Froid comme Marbre, Leger comme\nun esprit, Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ.\"\n\nBehold, a dead body, Still as a stone, Cold as marble, Light as a spirit, We\nlift you in the name of Jesus Christ.\n\n✹\n\n## deepfatfriar on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\n\". . .putting each one finger only to a boy that lay flat upon his back on the\nground, as if he was dead; at the end of the words, they did with their four\nfingers raise this boy as high as they could reach...\" I saw the exact thing\ndone (without the incantation--I forget the exact method of \"inducing\" the\nlightness)when a child. It was for a week or so a very popular trick in the\nschoolyard around 1960, until we moved on to other mysteries. I had not\nthought of it since until reading this. I had no idea it was such an old\ntrick.\n\n✹\n\n## JKM on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\nHello, I am de-lurking out of sheer astonishment. I had no idea something I\nonce did with some other girls at a sleepover dated back to the Renaissance.\nOur debased version of the incantation was \"light as a feather and stiff as a\nboard.\" I think that if the \"corpse\" remains stiff then the weight distributed\namong eight points might not be too difficult to lift. Under conditions of low\nlight and emotional intensity. I wonder what \"charms\" Pepys knew?\n\n✹\n\n## jeannine on 31 Jul 2008 • Link\n\n\"I had no idea something I once did with some other girls at a sleepover dated\nback to the Renaissance\"\n\nI played the same game too. And speaking of sleepover games.....I can't wait\nto see Sam's entry when he finds himself sitting at the table with Elizabeth\nand the maids asking his Ouiji Board \"will Harman marry Pall?\" and getting an\nanswer that says, \"not likely\". Then he'll pull out his Magic 8 Ball and ask\nif Balty will ever find a job of his own, he'll give it a shake and it will\nsay \"NO WAY!\"\n\n✹\n\n## Martin on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nPepys, the dramatist, is at his best today. The nuptial bed scene, with Sam\nfirst having some ribald exchanges with the groom and then kissing the bride\nin bed before drawing the curtains and tiptoeing out, is fabulous, and should\nfind its way into a movie. And yet, \"the modesty and gravity of this business\nwas so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times more delightfull than if it\nhad been twenty times more merry and joviall\" — he recognizes there's\nsomething sublime about the whole affair.\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n[be] witching hour for lawfull wedded bliss.\n\ncanonicall\n\n1\\. Prescribed by, in conformity with, or having reference to ecclesiastical\nedict or canon law. 1570-6 b. canonical hours: (a) stated times of the day\nappointed by the canons for prayer and devotion; (b) the hours (now from 8\na.m. to 3 p.m.) within which marriage can be legally performed in a parish\nchurch in England; (c) transf. 1665 PEPYS Diary (1879) III. 207 We, fearing\nthe canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with a great deal\nof unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring\n\nc. canonical dress, etc.; the articles of dress worn by clergy according to\ncanon. 1666 PEPYS Diary 27 Sept.,\n\nd. canonical obedience: the obedience to be rendered by inferior clergy to the\nbishop or other ecclesiastical superior, according to the canons. 1621\n\n✹\n\n## Maurie Beck on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI too played that game as a wee child. I even played it at the Renaissance\nPleasure Faire.\n\nIt's quite amazing how Sam carries on amidst the plague.\n\n✹\n\n## Robert Gertz on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nPoor Bess. As I suspected, no invite. While meanwhile...\n\n\"Though Bess got no invitation through the mails. Sam's presence is requested\nthis day, It's formal, a silk suit, gold buttons and lace. No plague now could\ntake the joy out of his face. Because he's invited to step out this day With\nsilk suit, gold buttons, and lace.\n\nYes, Sam's...Puttin' on his silk suit...Polishin' up his gold buttons,\nbrushin' up his lace. He's...Duding up his waist bands, Puttin' on the\nperiwig, Polishin' up those nails, Your Sam's steppin' out, dear Bess, To\nbreathe an atmosphere That simply reeks with class; And he trusts that you'll\nexcuse his dust As that six horse carriage goes past, For he'll be there,\nBreathin' on his gold buttons, Mussin' up the new suit, Dancin' in his lace.\"\n\nWonder if his line with Bess is the ole... \"What falderal, all this extra work\nkeeping me from you.\" Sigh. \"But you know Carteret is one of my bosses and I\nhave to keep the bosses happy. You know how much I loathe all this nonsensical\nhobnobbing with the wealthy and powerful.\"\n\n✹\n\n## Glyn on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nMy own diary entry for today took just six words - am I more efficient than\nhim? (Since you really, really want to know it was: \"V&A live. London Zoo\")\n\nSeriously, how long would it have taken him to have written this entry by\ncandlelight at midnight in shorthand at the end of a long and busy day. And it\nseems to me that his diary entries are tending to get ever longer.\n\n✹\n\n## Glyn on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nAn important diary entry.\n\n\"All saluted her, but I did not till my Lady Sandwich did ask me whether I had\nsaluted her or no.\"\n\nWhat does salute mean in this context... kiss?\n\n\"and we lay in bed, getting him to give me an account of home, which is the\nmost delightfull talke a man can have of any traveller: and so to sleep\"\n\nWell said Sam, what better things can you hear from a foreign visitor (in this\ncase a Scot) but stories about his home,\n\nSorry, but I still don't understand how 4 girls can lift a sleeping boy. Can\nsomeone please explain?\n\n✹\n\n## Mary on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nthe modesty and gravity of the business...\"\n\nWell, the bride was looking \"mighty sad.\"\n\n✹\n\n## Robert Gertz on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI think, Glyn, in this context \"the salute\" though physically a kiss to\nformally greet the new bride, is quite important. Lady Sandwich was offering\nSam firm proof that he is now a fully accepted member of the family-no longer\na servant, a true cousin. Sam, wisely deferrential, hung back until such a\nproof was made. His noting that the Carterets' now consider him a \"cozen\" is a\npart of that rise to full family member.\n\nAll the effort he's put in here and over the years has finally paid off. He\nhas arrived, at last. How sweet that the seal should come from his dear Lady\nJemina. And what a sad thing that he never thought to try and have Bess\nincluded to see him in his long-awaited triumph.\n\n✹\n\n## Ghalle on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI am new to this diary, about 5 weeks, this entry was absolutely wonderful. I\nam hooked.\n\n✹\n\n## Bradford on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nHow many married visitors to the Diary, as chronicled in Phil's beautifully\ncharted \"Site statistics,\" would you imagine were accompanied to their\n[italicized] nuptial beds in this fashion?\n\n\"I got into the bridegroom’s chamber while he undressed himself, and there was\nvery merry, till he was called to the bride’s chamber, and into bed they went.\nI kissed the bride in bed, and so the curtaines drawne with the greatest\ngravity that could be, and so good night.\"\n\n\\---asking out of purely disinterested sociological curiosity, mind.\n\n✹\n\n## dirk on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nFrom the Carte Papers, Bodleian Library\nhttp://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/projects/c...\n\nHenry Moore to Sandwich\n\nWritten from: Hinchingbroke Date: 31 July 1665\n\nHas conferred with \"Mr Attorney Montagu\" at Faxton, who lodged there on his\njourney to Sir John Aubrey in Wales, whither he has resolved to proceed\nbecause he can come thence \"to the meeting at Salisbury...\" more safely,\nconsidering that the roads remote from London are more free from the Plague,\nthan others nearer.\" Enters at great length, into particulars of dowry,\njointure, and settlements, in relation to a proposed marriage of Lord\nHinchinbroke [Lord Hinchinbroke, afterwards Second Earl of Sandwich, married\nAnne Boyle, daughter of Richard, Earl of Burlington. In this letter the lady's\nname is not mentioned.] (about which, as it seems, the meeting at Salisbury\n\"was to be held\"), and enumerates certain points as to which \"Mr Attorney\"\ndesires his Lordship's instructions. ...\n\n✹\n\n## JWB on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nCannonical hours\n\nCGS gives us 8-3, but would they have chosen times when both hands of the\nclock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\n\n✹\n\n## language hat on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"Levons te au nom de Jesus Christ. We lift you in the name of Jesus Christ.\"\n\nI don't believe this reading; it's lousy French. Surely it would have been\n\"Levons-le\" -- \"Let us lift him.\" (The letter l is easily confused with t.)\n\n✹\n\n## jeannine on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nCulture differences ??\n\nHow lovely that Sam can appreciate the 'solemn' wedding. \"But the modesty and\ngravity of this business was so decent, that it was to me indeed ten times\nmore delightfull than if it had been twenty times more merry and joviall.\"\nPerhaps witnessing a couple who take marriage vows seriously ??? or the\ndifference in an upper class 'event'???\n\nI am sure that in his days Sam has attended many different types of weddings,\nincluding perhaps some on the bawdy side of the tracks. His comments today are\nintriguing to me.\n\nAlso, of note --has anyone caught his overall comments about the \"Ladies\"\n--Lady Sandwich and Lady Carteret are perhaps 2 of the few women that Sam\ncontinuously writes of as gracious, kind and overall just plain classy.\n\n✹\n\n## A. De Araujo on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"gravity of this business\" Maybe a relic from Catholic times;after all\nCatholics still consider marriage to be a sacrament.\n\n✹\n\n## GrahamT on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nRe: Roy/Royde. Wheatley looks more accurate than L&M in one respect: raide\n(royde) means stiff, roi (roy) means king. Baston is odd too. Old spelling of\nbâton = stick/wand not stone (pierre). Royde come un Baston = Raide comme un\nbâton = Stiff as a stick? Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text? If\nthe latter, then t and l could be confused, as LH suggests, but why would he\nuse clear French to describe his peccadillos, which his French speaking wife\ncould easily read? Puzzling.\n\n✹\n\n## DiPhi on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"So God preserve us all friends long, and continue health among us.\"\n\nWhat a wonderful and elegant close to one of his very best entries.\n\n✹\n\n## Michael Robinson on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nCulture differences ??\n\nAm I the only one surprised by the speed of the marriage process?\n\nSP proposed the idea of this marriage to Carteret on June 24th.; financial and\nother arrangements concluded by June 28th.; the couple meet first on July\n15th., \"but nothing to the lady from him at all. To supper, and after supper\nto talk again, he yet taking no notice of the lady. My Lord would have had me\nhave consented to leaving the young people together to-night, to begin their\namours, his staying being but to be little. But I advised against it, lest the\nlady might be too much surprised. So they led him up to his chamber, where I\nstaid a little, to know how he liked the lady, which he told me he did\nmightily; but, Lord! in the dullest insipid manner that ever lover did.\" (\nhttp://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1665/07/15/ ); part on the 17th.; meet again\non the 24th.; are 'well acquainted' by the 28th., and married today, the 31st.\n\nI realize that the families know of each other, and that this is no modern\n'love match,' (and that marriages 'of state' could take place by proxy without\nthe parties even setting eyes on each other) but by way of comparison the time\ntaken for the couple to get to know each other over the course of fifteen\ndays, seems less than that required by SP in the diary period for sufficient\nfamiliarity to develop between two men for them to agree to dine at each\nother's houses.\n\n✹\n\n## Moira on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nHere in Co. Cork Ireland the expression \"to salute\" a person is still used\nmeaning to greet by a lifting of the hand in a quick flick ---less than a wave\nmore than gesture. Its usually an acknowledgement of a stranger or an\naquaintance and is mostly done in country areas or villages now. A person will\ncomment on someone ignoring them by saying \"he didnt even salute me\" .It is\nalso often done between drivers passing each other on a country road\n\n✹\n\n## Michael Robinson on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nRe: Roy/Royde. Did Pepys use shorthand for French or clear text?\n\nMy copy of L&M, vi., p. 177. (1972 ed.) reads: \"Royde comme un Baston\"\n\n\"The passages are all written in shorthand: and to obscure the meaning still\nfurther, many words are complicated by inserting between syllables the\nshorthand symbols for 'l, r, m, or n. ... they appear in this text with with\nolder French spellings, or with Spanish forms that are now non standard ...\"\nL&M vol. i, Introduction, p. lxi.\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nstiff stick, the start of rhyming slang?\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nWhat does salute mean in this context... kiss?\n\nOED see 2:not 3?\n\nsalute\n\n[a. F. salut masc., of twofold origin: (1) = Sp. saludo, It. saluto, vbl. n.\nf. Common Rom. (L.) sal{umac}t{amac}re to SALUTE; (2) originally fem., = Sp.\nsalud, Pg. saude, It. salute:{em}L. sal{umac}t-em (nom. sal{umac}s) health,\nsafety, salvation.]\n\nI. An act of saluting.\n\n1\\. An utterance, gesture, or action of any kind by which one person salutes\nanother; a salutation. Now chiefly used with reference to other than verbal\nmodes of saluting: cf. the following senses. a1400-50\n\n2\\. A kiss, by way of salutation. (Cf. SALUTE v. 2e.) 1590 GREENE Never too\nlate (1600) 93 To her hee goes, and after his wonted salute sat downe by her.\n\n1684 EARL OF ROSCOMMON Ess. Transl. Verse 314 There, cold salutes, But here, a\nLovers kiss.\n\n3\\. Mil. and Naut. a. A discharge of cannon or small arms, display of flags, a\ndipping of sails, a cheering of men, manning the yards, etc., as a mark of\nrespect, or as military, naval, or official honour, for a person, nation,\nevent, etc. A salute is said to be of as many guns as there are volleys fired.\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 1 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nJKM asks \"I wonder what 'charms' Pepys knew?\"\n\nGood question! I wonder whether he was acquainted with the LEMEGETON,\nCLAVICULA SALOMONIS, or THE LESSER KEY OF SOLOMON, Detailing the ceremonial\nart of commanding spirits both good and evil (1641?)\nhttp://www.esotericarchives.com/solomon/lemegeton...\n\nThe Wikipedia article about it:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Lesser_Key_of_So...\n\n✹\n\n## jean-paul on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nFirst, welcome Ghalle—and enjoy the catching-up!. Second, i am French and i\ntestify to the exactitude of \"royde comme un baston\", it is still widely used\ntoday in its modernised form \"raide comme un bâton\" (the circomflex accent is\na remnant of the letter \"s\", as in hôpital, rôti, maître, a.s.o.). Finally,\nsome light on the levitation trick (Pepys is even quoted!) at\nhttp://www.wikihow.com/Play-Light-as-a-Feather And what a great entry!\n\n✹\n\n## tyndale on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nToday's Intelligencer:\n\nPlymouth, July 25: The Elizabeth has caught six Dutch ships in the channel.\nMiddlesex and City and Liberties of Westminster, July 25: Charitable donations\nto the sufferers in London should be given to four churchwardens listed in\norder to ensure they end up being applied correctly. Cadiz, July 6: The Dutch\nare trying to stir up the Moors agains the English at Tangier, but it's not\nworking; the mole raised at Tangier will frustrate Dutch incursions;\ndescription of the mole and its fortress. Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the\nConfederates have joined up with the King's army; Bialenoienkow has defeated\nseveral Muscovite generals. London, July 28: The Dutch have supposedly devised\ntwo councils of war \"to sit abord the Fleet\" but in fact \"the Dominus fac\nTotum is De Wit, the rest serving onely to countenance the design;\" the Fleet\nofficers are offended by all this; the fleet lies in the Texel, but does not\nhave enough ships to put out; De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway\nThe Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate. Numbers from the\nlatest plague bill. Vienna, July 18: Turkish ambassador thinks he is not\ngetting enough respect; Ambassador from Munster complaining of the injuries he\nhas received from the Netherlands; expecting news of a big battle in Poland\nLegorn, July 18: Sir John Einth, the British resident in Tuscany, is making a\ngood impression; ; description of his reception by the Grand Duke of Tuscany;\nthe Dutch in Legorn celebrated when they heard a rumor that the Dutch fleet\nwas victorious, but when more accurate news arrived that they had been\ndefeated they disappeared and the English were celebrating publicly. Flushing,\nAug 4 [presumably Gregorian calendar]: Holland has usurped on the privileges\nof this province by enlisting men for the navy; alarms of dangers out of\nGermany; \"This state is dryed up, and the Merchant, languishing for want of\nTrade\" Ostend, August 5: The states of Holland are in such bad shape that it's\nhard to see how they can continue the war \"considering the general defection,\nmisery; and complaint of the People, which resort hither of late in great\nnumbers, and we find them better informed in the true state as the difference\nthen stands with the convenience of their Governors.\" Antwerp, August 4: The\nDutch fleet will sail out when they can, but \"wise men are of opinion they\nwill not venture to sea yet this fortnight;\" the naval commanders look on De\nWitt \"as a kind of Amphibion,\" Final article: JPs of County Surrey have\ndireted the closure of the wells and other plague measures\n\nNew ads: lost dog, lost watch, Robert Theaker's new book 'A Light to the\nLongitude: Or the use of an Instrument called the Seamans Director, speedily\nresolving all Astronomical Cases and Questions concerning the Sung, Moon...\"\n\n✹\n\n## Pedro on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n“De Ruyter confirmed to be at Bergen in Norway”\n\nDe Ruyter had reached the Norwegian coast and sailed towards Jutland after\ncleaning his ships in case he met with the enemy.\n\nSandwich was hovering about Dogger Bank, and thinking of attacking De Ruyter\nif he took refuge in the neutral port of Bergen. He also hoped to take rich\ncargo of the returning East India fleet and had obtained permission from the\nDanes upon promise of giving them half the booty. When he heard that De Ruyter\nhad been seen near Bergan on the 10/20th July he made for it with his whole\nfleet; but De Ruyter had just escaped to the south.\n\nDe Ruyter decided to try to reach the Ems past Heligoland, and if this was\npossible to take refuge in the Elbe or the Weser. On 23rdJuly/2nd August he\nmet a few English ships but Sandwich was on the coast of Norway and so he was\nable to make straight for Holland. In his Journal he put this down to the\ndirect assistance of God, and he reached western Ems on the same day. The\nbuoys and beacons had been removed to prevent English attack.\n\nOn the 28th July/6th August at 3 o’clock the fleet towing its prizes adorned\nwith their English flags in sign of triumph, anchored in the roads of\nDelfzijl. The news spread like wildfire throughout the whole Republic.\n\nNo Admiral had ever been given such a reception and Lowestoft was forgotten.\nEveryone believed that their hero would save the country from danger.\n\nOne of the prizes he had taken contained a quantity of sugar and tobacco as\nwell as 1600lbs of elephant trunks, 682 marcs of gold to the value of nearly\n£20,000 and a number of other goods.\n\n(Summary from the Life of De Ruyter by Blok)\n\n✹\n\n## Pedro on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n“The Dutch in the East have been defeated by a Chinese pirate.”\n\nStrange how the Chinese are regarded as pirates. Boxer in his Dutch Seaborne\nEmpire (1600-1800) says...\n\nThe Chinese impression of the Dutch in the 17th Century was naturally\ninfluenced by the piratical attacks of the Netherlands against the Fukienese\njunks trading with Manila, and by forcibly kidnapping of the Chinese to help\npopulate Batavia after Coen’s capture of Jakarta.\n\n✹\n\n## tyndale on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nI think this guy actually is a pirate, though. The Ming dynasty had trouble\ncontrolling their huge empire, and Chinese pirates fluorished through the 17th\ncentury.\n\nIt might be Zheng Jing, whom you can read about here:\nhttp://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Zheng_Jing\n\n✹\n\n## language hat on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"Warshaw, July 17: Lubomirski and the Confederates have joined up with the\nKing’s army; Bialenoienkow has defeated several Muscovite generals.\"\n\nBrief summary of events in Eastern Europe: Ukraine had long been restive under\nthe rule of Poland (or, to be precise, the Polish-Lithuanian Commonwealth,\nwhich up to this point had been a major power); in 1654 the Ukrainian Cossack\nleader Bogdan Khmelnitsky, encouraged by Tsar Alexei, had declared\nindependence, starting a long war between Poland (aided by the Turks) and\nRussia. Things had been going badly for the Russians on the battlefield since\n1660, but the Polish King John Casimir (Polish: Jan Kazimierz Waza) was faced\nwith a revolt of the nobility led by Jerzy Sebastian Lubomirski, who will\ndefeat the king's forces in August near Częstochowa (before being forced into\nexile in 1668). At the moment drawn-out peace negotiations are being carried\non between Russia and Poland that will culminate in January 1667 in the Truce\nof Andrusovo, which gives Left Bank Ukraine (the eastern part) to Russia and\nRight Bank Ukraine to Poland. The disruption caused in Russia by the war,\nincreasingly onerous taxation, and oppression of the peasants (who fled in\nmassive numbers to the relative freedom of Ukrainian Cossack life) will lead\nin a few years to Stepan (Stenka) Razin's rebellion. Poland will continue to\nsuffer war and rebellions and in the next century will be divided up between\nRussia, Prussia, and Austria.\n\nI have no idea who \"Bialenoienkow\" might be.\n\n✹\n\n## CGS on 2 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nhere be all them's that believe ye shall NOT steal? freedom of the seas then\ndominion over all that crawl....\n\n✹\n\n## Australian Susan on 3 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nReading the account of the girls levitating the boy took me back [**] years to\nwhen I was 10 and doing this by candlelight in a friend's cellar. Quite scary.\nAnd I too had no idea this was so old. We used to chant in a voice just above\na whisper:(repeating round the group) \"she looks pale, she is pale, she looks\ncold, she is cold, she looks dead, she is dead, raise her\"\n\nWeddings used to be rowdy affairs in medieval times and it was Puritan\ninfluences beginning in the 16th century which sobered things up. Sam was\nexpecting a lot of boisterous play with garters and ribbons and so on, but no\nsuch luck. He did get to kiss (salute) the bride and then get another kiss in\nonce she had been put to bed. And him in his red suit AND gold buttons AND\ngold lace. (and also no Bess.....)\n\n\"sad\" means grave, not miserable.\n\n✹\n\n## Australian Susan on 3 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nTime of Marriage\n\nYou had to be married before 2.30. There's a whole plot line developed around\nthis in Hardy's Far From the Madding Crowd.\n\n✹\n\n## dirk on 4 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nJWB - cannonical hours - \"would they have chosen times when both hands of the\nclock rising, or is this a pecular notion around these parts?\"\n\nI've never heard of this custom, but it probably wasn't in use in the 17th c.\n- for the simple reason that it was only in the mid 17th c. that clocks were\nfitted with a second (minutes) hand...\n\n✹\n\n## Robert Gertz on 5 Aug 2008 • Link\n\n\"Hurry, Hewer. We've only seconds to...\"\n\nSir?\n\n\"Right, seventeenth century. We've less than a minute to spare!\"\n\n✹\n\n## Andrew Hamilton on 7 Aug 2008 • Link\n\nMay I add, to the general admiration of this entry for its lively detail about\nthe wedding day, my appreciation of Sam's writing on to give (as he often did)\nhis monthly/quarterly summary of the affairs of his life and community. The\nchange in focus from the minute to the overview is particularly effective\nhere.\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 15 Sep 2015 • Link\n\n\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"\n\nThe canonical hour in question here would presumably have been Sext (noon) or\nNone (mid-afternoon) https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Canonical_hours#Ang...\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 16 Sep 2015 • Link\n\n\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring.\"\n\nA single trusted messenger (Carteret's Hewer) could cross the Thames by galley\nto an inn on the south side where a horse could be hired.\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"going towards the church\"\n\nL&M suggest probably that of South Weald: http://www.british-\nhistory.ac.uk/vch/essex/vol8/p...\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"Thus I ended this month with the greatest joy that ever I did any in my life,\nbecause I have spent the greatest part of it with abundance of joy, and\nhonour, and pleasant journeys, and brave entertainments, and without cost of\nmoney; and at last live to see the business ended with great content on all\nsides.\"\n\nCf. Samuel Pepys to Sandwich Written from: Navy Office Date: 7 August 1665\n\nShelfmark: MS. Carte 75, fol(s). 327-8 Document type: Holograph\n\nStates the happy circumstances attendant on the marriage of Lady Jemima\nMontagu with Mr Carteret as being \"the only occurrence ... I ever met with,\nbegun, proceeded on and finished with the same uninterrupted excess of\nsatisfaction to all parties\". Reports his having sent a ship of 36 guns, to\nfetch Lord Hinchinbrooke from Calais, who proceeded to join the bridal party\nat Scots Hall. Adds his advice to Lord Sandwich \"to quicken the settlement of\nthe money matters on both sides\". Mentions that \"the Plague is now, more or\nless, got into most corners of the Kingdom\". ...\n\nCarte Calendar http://www.bodley.ox.ac.uk/dept/scwmss/projects/c... (Per L&M\nnote)\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"speaking of enchantments and spells; I telling him some of my charms\"\n\nL&M remind us of Pepys's Charmes: https://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1664/12/31/\n\n✹\n\n## Terry Foreman on 9 Jun 2018 • Link\n\n\"the cook of the house, a very lusty fellow, as Sir G. Carteret’s cook, who is\nvery big, and they did raise him in just the same manner. \"\n\nFor accounts (at second hand) of similar experiments, see Letters on natural\nmagic by Brewster, David, Sir; Smith, James Alexander, pub. 1883, pp. 255-7\nhttps://archive.org/details/lettersonnatural00bre... It is said to be\nessential that all the people concerned shall breathe in simultaneously, and\nhold their breath. (Per L&M note)\n\n✹\n\n## San Diego Sarah on 30 Jul 2018 • Link\n\nOn Tuesday 24 January, 1659/60, Samuel and Elizabeth attend the wedding of\nCapt. Tom Lucy ... which was more ribald than today, and he didn't enjoy it.\n\nhttps://www.pepysdiary.com/diary/1660/01/24/\n\n✹\n\n## Geoff Hallett on 30 Jul 2018 • Link\n\nA truly wonderful entry. The small detail of a full day like this is the most\nfascinating for me.\n\n✹\n\n## Cazbot on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\n\nWe played the 'raising the body' game too, after lights out at our boarding\nschool. Words very similar to Australian Susan's. I was sure at the time we\ndid raise the body, although now I can't believe we did.\n\n✹\n\n## Tonyel on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\n\n. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well done: they\nbeing both in their old cloaths\n\nWhy in their old cloaths? Was the Sandwich party bringing silks and gold\nbuttons for the bride and the groom?\n\n✹\n\n## San Diego Sarah on 1 Aug 2018 • Link\n\n\"We, fearing the canonicall hour would be past before we got thither, did with\na great deal of unwillingness send away the license and wedding ring. So that\nwhen we come, though we drove hard with six horses, yet we found them gone\nfrom home; and going towards the church, met them coming from church, which\ntroubled us. But, however, that trouble was soon over; hearing it was well\ndone: they being both in their old cloaths; my Lord Crew giving her, there\nbeing three coach fulls of them. The young lady mighty sad, which troubled me;\nbut yet I think it was only her gravity in a little greater degree than usual.\n\"\n\nI think we may have lost something in translation here, or Pepys was exhausted\nwhen writing.\n\nThe story to me is that they were running late, so reluctantly sent a rider\nahead with the license and ring because the service had to be completed by a\nset time. They followed in the coach at full gallop, stopped at Dagenhams, but\neveryone had already left. So they headed towards the church, and met everyone\ncoming away from the service. Pepys missed it! Grandpa Lord Crew gave away\nMrs. Jem (since Sandwich is at sea). There were three other coach-loads of\nwitnesses. People were dressed in their usual clothes ... which wasn't\nuncommon in those days. You wore your best dress to your wedding. And these\nfolk's usual \"old\" clothes would be pretty fancy.\n\nPerhaps if it had been held during peace-time, at Court, with Charles and\nCatherine in attendance, there would have been more of a dressy do. But\nknowing they could all be dead soon, they moved up the wedding by 3 days, and\nhappily just got on with it. Ask anyone who remembers WWII -- that's how it\nwas then, too.\n\nPoor girl sounds terrified. It's a shame Philip was so shy before the wedding.\n\n✹\n\n## Timo on 21 Aug 2018 • Link\n\nLanguage Hat, as ever the Chairman of Pedant’s Corner\n\nLog in to post an annotation.\n\nIf you don't have an account, then register here.\n\n# Read more\n\nAll diary entries from July 1665\n\nRead a summary of this month’s events\n\n# Latest Site News\n\nA Samuel Pepys Diary API\n\n 9 August 2021\nDaily diary emails update\n\n 1 May 2021\n\n# Email, Twitter & Mastodon\n\nReceive diary entries by email daily\n\nJoin the Pepys’ Diary email discussion group\n\nFollow in real time on Twitter or on Mastodon\n\n# RSS feeds\n\n * Diary entries\n * Encyclopedia topics\n * In-Depth articles\n * Site News posts\n\n# About\n\nThis site is run by Phil Gyford\n\n@philgyford on Twitter\n\nMore about this site\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210516195705/https://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Lift that finger › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science (ABC Science)",
"passages": [
"Dr Karl loves a bit of magic. But he can't abide hocus-pocus, and he takes great delight in dispelling shifty myth-making activities.",
"The \"Finger Lift\" is a fairly common party trick. It's used by primary school kids doing sleepovers, high-school students trying to impress each other, and many people trying to push a spiritual barrow. The Finger Lift also goes under the name of \"Stiff As a Board, Light As a Feather\".",
"Once you've seen it, your memory of the marvellous event is quite precise — and utterly wrong. The subject was seated in a chair, or on a table, or lying down on the floor.",
"Then four of you gathered around, and were told to try to lift the subject using either just one single finger, or your two index fingers joined into a single lifting unit from your two clenched hands. As you would expect, you couldn't lift them (either with a single finger, or with two fingers joined together).",
"First, you were told to chant a song, or rub your own two hands together, or to pile all eight hands of the potential lifters one at a time on top of the head of the subject, or to press on their shoulders — or something.",
"It didn't matter exactly what it was — there was always some kind of silly ritual that didn't seem to make any sense.",
"Then you were instructed to count to some number, or to chant a song, and then at a certain point, to try to lift. And then — lo and behold — your fingers acquired magical strength and you could lift the subject effortlessly into the air.",
"First, the timing. There are lots of videos of this Finger Lift on YouTube. One of them claims that \"it's an old Romanian trick\", while others have Chinese or Africans doing it.",
"But they all have the timing in common. For the first doomed attempt to lift the subject, there was no effort to get everybody to do the lift at the same instant. In fact, there was deliberate vague misdirection, along the lines of \"so go ahead try to lift\".",
"And in all of the videos on YouTube, you can see that the lifters are very much out of time with each other.",
"That means that for the brief instant each person is trying to lift the subject by themselves, they are fruitlessly trying to lift the entire 50–80kg weight of the subject on one (or two) fingers.",
"The purpose of the chanting of the numbers, or the prayer, or song is not to Unleash the Power Within — it's really to synchronise the four potential lifters into one single lifting unit.",
"And there is usually a countdown to the final lift. So all four lift as one, and so each one has to lift only 12–20kg with the chosen finger or fingers.",
"The second factor is the very fallible human memory. Every person who has described this to me has described the strange mystical power that gave them the ability to not only lift the subject into the air, but also, to effortlessly hold them there.",
"But every time I have seen it done, the lifters just barely lifted the subject, and could not hold them there, and in fact, almost dropped them in their haste to get them down to the ground again.",
"And the third and last factor is that your fingers are actually very strong. Louis Cyr, the old-time French Canadian strongman (1863–1912) could lift 553lb (250.2kg) with a single finger (his right middle).",
"The old-time American strongman of the early 1900s, Warren Lincoln Travis, lifted 560lb (254kg) on his 50th birthday with a single finger.",
"The Finger Lift party trick has made it into popular culture with appearances in South Park (the \"Marjorine\" episode) and the film, The Craft. In each case, it was associated with exotic witchcraft, not prosaic timing"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Lift that finger › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science (ABC Science)\n\nSkip to navigation | Skip to content\n\n * Search\n\n * Radio\n * TV\n * Shop\n * News\n * Sport\n * Local\n * Children\n * Science\n * Environment\n * More...\n * Help\n\n## This site is being redeveloped. For all the latest ABC Science content\nclick here.\n\n### Site Navigation\n\n * Video\n * Audio\n * Photos\n\n * Explore by topic\n\n * Ancient Worlds\n * Being Human\n * Energy & Transport\n * Environment & Nature\n * Health & Medical\n * Innovation & Technology\n * Space & Astronomy\n\n * News in Science\n * In Depth\n * Dr Karl\n\n * Great Moments in Science\n * Dr Karl on triplej\n * Karl Trek\n * Sleek Geeks\n * School's video prize\n * Karl Who?\n * Ask an Expert\n * Bernie's Basics\n * Quizzes & Games\n * Teaching Science\n\n * Lesson Plans\n * Conundrums\n * Demonstrations\n * Careers\n * Ace Day Jobs\n * Talking Science\n * Catapult on triplej\n\n * Share\n * Print\n\nDr Karl › Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science\n\n# Lift that finger\n\nDr Karl loves a bit of magic. But he can't abide hocus-pocus, and he takes\ngreat delight in dispelling shifty myth-making activities.\n\nBy Karl S. Kruszelnicki\n\n(Source: iStockphoto)\n\n### Related Stories\n\n * Audio: Lift that finger (ABC Science)\n\nThe \"Finger Lift\" is a fairly common party trick. It's used by primary school\nkids doing sleepovers, high-school students trying to impress each other, and\nmany people trying to push a spiritual barrow. The Finger Lift also goes under\nthe name of \"Stiff As a Board, Light As a Feather\".\n\nOnce you've seen it, your memory of the marvellous event is quite precise —\nand utterly wrong. The subject was seated in a chair, or on a table, or lying\ndown on the floor.\n\nThen four of you gathered around, and were told to try to lift the subject\nusing either just one single finger, or your two index fingers joined into a\nsingle lifting unit from your two clenched hands. As you would expect, you\ncouldn't lift them (either with a single finger, or with two fingers joined\ntogether).\n\nThen, the voodoo magic began.\n\nFirst, you were told to chant a song, or rub your own two hands together, or\nto pile all eight hands of the potential lifters one at a time on top of the\nhead of the subject, or to press on their shoulders — or something.\n\nIt didn't matter exactly what it was — there was always some kind of silly\nritual that didn't seem to make any sense.\n\nThen you were instructed to count to some number, or to chant a song, and then\nat a certain point, to try to lift. And then — lo and behold — your fingers\nacquired magical strength and you could lift the subject effortlessly into the\nair.\n\nWhy is it so?\n\nThere are three answers — timing, poor memory, and the natural underestimated\nstrength of your fingers.\n\nFirst, the timing. There are lots of videos of this Finger Lift on YouTube.\nOne of them claims that \"it's an old Romanian trick\", while others have\nChinese or Africans doing it.\n\nBut they all have the timing in common. For the first doomed attempt to lift\nthe subject, there was no effort to get everybody to do the lift at the same\ninstant. In fact, there was deliberate vague misdirection, along the lines of\n\"so go ahead try to lift\".\n\nAnd in all of the videos on YouTube, you can see that the lifters are very\nmuch out of time with each other.\n\nThat means that for the brief instant each person is trying to lift the\nsubject by themselves, they are fruitlessly trying to lift the entire 50–80kg\nweight of the subject on one (or two) fingers.\n\nBut for the second successful attempt, the timing is very precise.\n\nThe purpose of the chanting of the numbers, or the prayer, or song is not to\nUnleash the Power Within — it's really to synchronise the four potential\nlifters into one single lifting unit.\n\nAnd there is usually a countdown to the final lift. So all four lift as one,\nand so each one has to lift only 12–20kg with the chosen finger or fingers.\n\nThe second factor is the very fallible human memory. Every person who has\ndescribed this to me has described the strange mystical power that gave them\nthe ability to not only lift the subject into the air, but also, to\neffortlessly hold them there.\n\nBut every time I have seen it done, the lifters just barely lifted the\nsubject, and could not hold them there, and in fact, almost dropped them in\ntheir haste to get them down to the ground again.\n\nAnd that is what you will see on YouTube.\n\nAnd the third and last factor is that your fingers are actually very strong.\nLouis Cyr, the old-time French Canadian strongman (1863–1912) could lift 553lb\n(250.2kg) with a single finger (his right middle).\n\nThe old-time American strongman of the early 1900s, Warren Lincoln Travis,\nlifted 560lb (254kg) on his 50th birthday with a single finger.\n\nThe Finger Lift party trick has made it into popular culture with appearances\nin South Park (the \"Marjorine\" episode) and the film, The Craft. In each case,\nit was associated with exotic witchcraft, not prosaic timing\n\nThese simple explanations are really giving the finger to the myth.\n\nTags: anthropology-and-sociology, weightlifting, 19th-century, 20th-century\n\n^ to top\n\nPublished 27 May 2008\n\n© 2021 Karl S. Kruszelnicki Pty Ltd\n\nEmail ABC Science\n\n * Share this moment\n * Email a friend\n\nUse these social-bookmarking links to share Lift that finger.\n\n * Tweet\n\nUse this form to email 'Lift that finger' to someone you know:\nhttps://www.abc.net.au/science/articles/2008/05/27/2257305.htm?\n\n### Subscribe to the Great Moments in Science Podcast\n\n### Latest Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science\n\n * Dr Karl: Did life begin on an invisible mountain range?\n * Sorry, not all animals take 12 seconds to poo\n * The real costs of air pollution\n * Why isn't cannibalism more common?\n * Can you get pregnant during a pregnancy?\n\nLatest Dr Karl's Great Moments In Science web feed\n\n### Follow ABC Science\n\n### About |Contact | ABC Science\n\n#### Sections\n\n * News in Science\n * In Depth\n * Dr Karl\n * Ask an Expert\n * Bernie's Basics\n * Quizzes & Games\n * Teaching Science\n * Audio\n * Video\n * Photos\n\n#### Topics\n\n * Ancient Worlds\n * Being Human\n * Energy & Transport\n * Environment & Nature\n * Health & Medical\n * Innovation & Technology\n * Space & Astronomy\n\n#### Listen\n\n * All in the Mind\n * Body Sphere\n * Dr Karl on triplej\n * FutureTense\n * Great Moments in Science\n * The Health Report\n * Ockham's Razor\n * Off Track\n * The Philosopher's Zone\n * The Science Show\n\n#### Watch\n\n * Ace Day Jobs\n * Catalyst\n * Crude\n * ExperiMentals\n * Sleek Geeks video prize\n * Talking Science\n * Time Traveller's Guide to Australia\n * Voyage to the Planets\n\n#### More science sites\n\n * Catchment Detox\n * Surfing Scientist\n * Walking with Dinosaurs\n\n#### Related ABC sites\n\n * ABC Environment\n * ABC Health and Wellbeing\n * ABC Technology and Games\n\n#### Search ABC Science\n\n * A–Z subject and location library\n * Science archives\n * Search ABC Science by keyword\n\n### Stay updated\n\n#### ABC Science Newsletter\n\nGet ABC Science’s weekly newsletter Science Updates\n\n#### Follow ABC Science on Twitter\n\n * ABC Science\n * Catalyst\n * Doctor Karl\n * Surfing Scientist\n * ABC Health Online\n * More ABC programs and people on Twitter»\n\n * ABC Home\n * About the ABC\n * ABC Careers\n * ABC Contacts\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Accessibility\n * © 2019 ABC\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171103030131/http://www.blumhouse.com:80/2016/01/20/light-as-a-feather-stiff-as-a-board-how-to-play-and-why-it-really-does-work/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does Work! – Blumhouse.com",
"passages": [
"Anyone who has ever been a 10-year-old girl likely played “Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board”. This required slumber party game for adolescent females was pretty much a right of passage into teen-hood along with bad makeovers and calling boys you like on the phone and hanging up.",
"A few weeks ago, I found myself explaining the mechanics of the game to a group of bewildered guys who apparently had never seen THE CRAFT or had sisters. As I explained the mystical incantation behind this parlor trick, one of the guys cut me off by saying “yeah, but does it really work?” Yes! Yes, it does in fact work. Here is how you play as well as several theories on why this game allows you to seemingly levitate your friends.",
"The Point of the Game: 4-5 of you will be able to lift a friend with just two fingers each. You try the first time and discover he or she is way to heavy and about to break your fragile fingers off. But yet, after a simple incantation and mystical chant, you will be able to lift your friend with just two fingers, almost like they are levitating or a spirit was lifting them up.",
"3- Then 2 people sit on either side (shoulders and knees work best). If a 5^th person is lifting as well, have them sit at the head. Everyone should sit on their knees so you can easily stand up to levitate your friend.",
"4- Start by having everyone place two fingers one each hand under the person laying in the center (middle and index finer). Go ahead and try to lift them while they are completely conscious. It will be near impossible.",
"5- One person is the group leader. This person will then tell the story of how the individual in the center is about to allow the spirit of a dead person to enter their body, effectively becoming corpse-like. The narrator should instruct the body in the center to slowly become stiff like a corpse, and because their body and spirit are now open to supernatural influences, an outside spirit will enter and allow the body to become light.",
"6- Then the narrator says “light as a feather, stiff as a board”. Gradually the other people should start repeating it, except for the body in the center- they stay dead and stiff, eyes closed.",
"7- After chanting several times, begin to lift the body off the floor, still with just two fingers per hand. You will now be able to lift the body with little to no effort. Stand up, and extend your arms upward. It will be effortless. But don’t stop chanting or the spell will be broken, and the person will go back to their normal weight crashing to the ground.",
"8- Keep chanting “light as a feather, stiff as a board” until the body is lowered safely back down to the ground. Then ask the spirit to leave the body and tell the person they can now get up.",
"There are a number of theories about why the game works so well, well enough to amaze countless pre-teen girls into thinking that they had somehow evoked a dead spirit or suddenly become super strong.",
"The first time you try to lift your friend, the group lacks focus. Usually there is giggling and skepticism, especially if you are a bunch of 10-year-old girls amped up on Diet Coke and pizza. Plus, your friend in the middle is likely still very awake and nervous about what is about to be done to them. By the second time you attempt the lift, everyone is highly tuned into the task at hand, incredibly focused on the act of lifting. The chanting helps to unite the movements. And the weight will likely be more evenly distributed about all of the participants.",
"Ever tried to lift a mattress? Sucks, right? A mattress is completely limp and just because you can hoist up one side with ease does not keep the other side from flopping on the ground. But yet, something of a similar weight- say the bed’s box spring- seems a lot easier to carry. That is because the material is doing a bunch of the work for you. Whereas the mattress has no structure and just slumps when not supported in all places, the wood or metal allows you to pick up just one section, and the rest will follow maintaining the shape. The same rule applies to your “dead” friend laying in the middle of the group. Upon the first attempt, they are relaxed. Just because you try to wedge your two fingers under their shoulders and push towards the heavens does not mean the rest of their body will follow. But after the incantation, they are stiff and focused. Without realizing it, they are doing a lot of the work for you by keeping their muscles rigid allowing you to lift them with only a few points of contact.",
"When sitting in 12-year-old Dakota’s dark basement giggling but trying not to wake up her super lame parent’s, there was something special happening. We really friggin wanted this to work!! It was awesome. It was something bigger than us, something mystical and unknown. Whereas I now approach mysticism and ghosts with immediate skepticism, during those formidable years the idea that we could in some way evoke a spirit or super powers was monumental. Thus, we were more likely to try a lot harder the second time. Our united goal of preforming this spiritual task helped vault that body skyward!",
"OK, it was all just witchcraft. Maybe the devil. 10-years are some evil beasts. And your friend is really possessed the spirit of a dead person. Hail Satan!",
"Supposedly, the game dates all the way back to the 17^th century England and was first seen during plague outbreaks. Some thought that being levitated would help keep the disease away. For another, mystical ancient party trick that is currently played by 10-year-old girls to scare the hell out of each other, check out our instructions on how to evoke The Midnight Man or Nightmare Man here."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does Work!\n– Blumhouse.com\n\n# Light as a Feather, Stiff as a Board: How to Play and Why It Really Does\nWork!\n\n1,637 Shares Tweet\n\nRebekah McKendry\n\n@RebekahMcKendry\n\nJanuary 20, 2016\n\nAnyone who has ever been a 10-year-old girl likely played “Light as a Feather,\nStiff as a Board”. This required slumber party game for adolescent females was\npretty much a right of passage into teen-hood along with bad makeovers and\ncalling boys you like on the phone and hanging up.\n\nA few weeks ago, I found myself explaining the mechanics of the game to a\ngroup of bewildered guys who apparently had never seen THE CRAFT or had\nsisters. As I explained the mystical incantation behind this parlor trick, one\nof the guys cut me off by saying “yeah, but does it really work?” Yes! Yes, it\ndoes in fact work. Here is how you play as well as several theories on why\nthis game allows you to seemingly levitate your friends.\n\nThe Point of the Game: 4-5 of you will be able to lift a friend with just two\nfingers each. You try the first time and discover he or she is way to heavy\nand about to break your fragile fingers off. But yet, after a simple\nincantation and mystical chant, you will be able to lift your friend with just\ntwo fingers, almost like they are levitating or a spirit was lifting them up.\n\nHow to play:\n\n1- Dim the lights. Candles are a nice touch or flashlights.\n\n2- Have one person lay down flat on the floor, arms crossed over their chest\nas if dead.\n\n3- Then 2 people sit on either side (shoulders and knees work best). If a 5^th\nperson is lifting as well, have them sit at the head. Everyone should sit on\ntheir knees so you can easily stand up to levitate your friend.\n\n4- Start by having everyone place two fingers one each hand under the person\nlaying in the center (middle and index finer). Go ahead and try to lift them\nwhile they are completely conscious. It will be near impossible.\n\n5- One person is the group leader. This person will then tell the story of how\nthe individual in the center is about to allow the spirit of a dead person to\nenter their body, effectively becoming corpse-like. The narrator should\ninstruct the body in the center to slowly become stiff like a corpse, and\nbecause their body and spirit are now open to supernatural influences, an\noutside spirit will enter and allow the body to become light.\n\n6- Then the narrator says “light as a feather, stiff as a board”. Gradually\nthe other people should start repeating it, except for the body in the center-\nthey stay dead and stiff, eyes closed.\n\n7- After chanting several times, begin to lift the body off the floor, still\nwith just two fingers per hand. You will now be able to lift the body with\nlittle to no effort. Stand up, and extend your arms upward. It will be\neffortless. But don’t stop chanting or the spell will be broken, and the\nperson will go back to their normal weight crashing to the ground.\n\n8- Keep chanting “light as a feather, stiff as a board” until the body is\nlowered safely back down to the ground. Then ask the spirit to leave the body\nand tell the person they can now get up.\n\nHow it works:\n\nThere are a number of theories about why the game works so well, well enough\nto amaze countless pre-teen girls into thinking that they had somehow evoked a\ndead spirit or suddenly become super strong.\n\nTheory 1- Group Focus\n\nThe first time you try to lift your friend, the group lacks focus. Usually\nthere is giggling and skepticism, especially if you are a bunch of 10-year-old\ngirls amped up on Diet Coke and pizza. Plus, your friend in the middle is\nlikely still very awake and nervous about what is about to be done to them. By\nthe second time you attempt the lift, everyone is highly tuned into the task\nat hand, incredibly focused on the act of lifting. The chanting helps to unite\nthe movements. And the weight will likely be more evenly distributed about all\nof the participants.\n\nTheory 2- It’s All About the Tension\n\nEver tried to lift a mattress? Sucks, right? A mattress is completely limp and\njust because you can hoist up one side with ease does not keep the other side\nfrom flopping on the ground. But yet, something of a similar weight- say the\nbed’s box spring- seems a lot easier to carry. That is because the material is\ndoing a bunch of the work for you. Whereas the mattress has no structure and\njust slumps when not supported in all places, the wood or metal allows you to\npick up just one section, and the rest will follow maintaining the shape. The\nsame rule applies to your “dead” friend laying in the middle of the group.\nUpon the first attempt, they are relaxed. Just because you try to wedge your\ntwo fingers under their shoulders and push towards the heavens does not mean\nthe rest of their body will follow. But after the incantation, they are stiff\nand focused. Without realizing it, they are doing a lot of the work for you by\nkeeping their muscles rigid allowing you to lift them with only a few points\nof contact.\n\nTheory 3- You Really, Really Want It To Work!\n\nWhen sitting in 12-year-old Dakota’s dark basement giggling but trying not to\nwake up her super lame parent’s, there was something special happening. We\nreally friggin wanted this to work!! It was awesome. It was something bigger\nthan us, something mystical and unknown. Whereas I now approach mysticism and\nghosts with immediate skepticism, during those formidable years the idea that\nwe could in some way evoke a spirit or super powers was monumental. Thus, we\nwere more likely to try a lot harder the second time. Our united goal of\npreforming this spiritual task helped vault that body skyward!\n\nTheory 4- Satan Did It.\n\nOK, it was all just witchcraft. Maybe the devil. 10-years are some evil\nbeasts. And your friend is really possessed the spirit of a dead person. Hail\nSatan!\n\nSupposedly, the game dates all the way back to the 17^th century England and\nwas first seen during plague outbreaks. Some thought that being levitated\nwould help keep the disease away. For another, mystical ancient party trick\nthat is currently played by 10-year-old girls to scare the hell out of each\nother, check out our instructions on how to evoke The Midnight Man or\nNightmare Man here.\n\n#### Comments\n\nPrevious Story Check Out The Teaser Trailer For Karyn Kusama's THE INVITATION\n\nNext Story Check Out the Disturbing New Trailer for THE BOY!\n\n * Latest\n * Trending\n\n * BLUMHOUSE Returns to TEXAS FRIGHTMARE WEEKEND for 2018!\n * Watch the SHOCK WAVES Crew on Hulu’s New Series FRIGHTS AND INSIGHTS!\n * POV HORROR is the First Movie Channel Dedicated to Found Footage Films\n * This Pint-Sized Pennywise Cosplay is Both Adorable AND Terrifying\n\n * The Story Of How Matthew McConaughey Helped Bring An UNSOLVED MYSTERIES Murderer To Justice\n * The REAL Story Behind THE TEXAS CHAINSAW MASSACRE: The Notorious Killer Ed Gein\n * The Mysterious Legends Surrounding HELLTOWN, OHIO\n * You Lose — You Die: Ten Movies About Deadly Games of Survival\n\nWhat else to read\n\nReal Life Scares\n\nCREEPYPASTA: Secret Search for the “Gateway of the Mind” Ends in Horror — and\nDeath\n\nFilms\n\nGuillermo Del Toro In Talks to Adapt SCARY STORIES TO TELL IN THE DARK!\n\nFilms\n\nThe Power Of Expectation: New Video Series Breaks Down PSYCHO!\n\nShare This on Facebook\n\nx\n\nSubscribe\n\nFollow Us\n\n© 2017 RSV BH LLC\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\narticle continues below\n\n"
}
] |
16,033 | How To Make Bannock | To make bannock, start by mixing flour, powdered milk, baking powder, and salt in a bowl. You can also add some sugar if you want to make a sweet bannock. Next, stir shortening into the mixture until it turns into small crumbles. Then, add water and knead the dough until it has an even texture. Once you're finished with the dough, shape it into a dome and poke it with a fork a few times. Finally, bake the dough for 20-25 minutes at 375 degrees Fahrenheit. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201030013022/https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606184829/https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210909001445/https://anitalianinmykitchen.com/bannock/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210420072333/https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416085151/https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210625130202/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/"
] | train | -1 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201030013022/https://www.dinnerwithjulie.com/2017/06/20/bannock-or-fry-bread/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bannock or Fry Bread",
"passages": [
"Bannock is bread in its simplest form, made in various forms by First Nations communities across Canada (and North America) with a simple dough of flour, baking powder, oil or lard and water – baked in the oven to supplement your morning coffee or evening stew, wound around a stick to cook over an open fire, or torn off in a ball and patted thin, then fried in lard or oil in a hot skillet until golden and crisp on both sides.",
"I learned to make fry bread (or frybread – fried bannock) in thin rounds, shaped by hand with a hole in the middle, by a few women from nations in the Blackfoot Confederacy – the bread cooks quickly and evenly in a hot skillet in this flattened doughnut shape, and won’t stay doughy inside. Using a pan gives a quick crusty exterior on both sides, without the need to turn on the oven. And I’ve been known to mix up a batch of dough and cook a few at a time, saving myself from having an entire batch warm all at once. They’re divine warm from the skillet with blueberry-rhubarb-saskatoon jam spiked with maple syrup.",
"The recipe itself, while similar to most other bannock recipes out there, came from Wanuskewin Heritage Park in Saskatoon, where we wound the dough back and forth around the tines of long metal forks to bake over hot coals in the middle of the afternoon. (I halved it – the original made a lot, but feel free to double it if you want more than about a dozen fry breads.)",
"Tear open and slather with jam, or dunk in soup or chili or stew. I made a quick jam with some frozen wild blueberries and saskatoons from the freezer, and a couple chopped stalks of rhubarb, and about half as much sugar as there was fruit in the pot (plus a generous glug of maple syrup), brought to a boil and simmered until it thickened and became jam-like. Because making jam shouldn’t be scary.",
"In a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a hollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is formed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about ten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce the top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or until golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.",
"Alternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open fire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat into a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy skillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm. Makes about 1 dozen breads.",
"In a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a hollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is formed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about ten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce the top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or until golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.",
"Alternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open fire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat into a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy skillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm. Makes about 1 dozen breads.",
"Oh boy, I think this just might be my next Great Canadian cooking adventure!...Canada Day for sure. Thanks Julie. Have tried and tried to make a decent gluten-free version that will wrap around a stick for over the fire but so far no luck.",
"I’ve made bannock with Robin hood and a few other gluten free flours mine turned out fine. I have also made my husband’s family’s roll cookie (which is not a cookie, but a bread similar to bannock) which turned out great",
"I grew up with them being called puffs: though they were yeast bread deep fried after pulling a golf ball size off the dough and stretching it. Served with round steak and boiled onions for Sunday breakfast. Alexandria, Virginia. (though my rogue Calif husband shocked the family by requesting jam with his)",
"I love that you posted this on the eve of National Aboriginal Day – honouring our founding mothers and fathers. Great job!",
"I just had to tell you that this is my go to bannock recipe. I fry it in my cast-iron. When I finally got the size and fry time down....these things are so darn good!!",
"Cook, cookbook author, writer, eater. Food columnist on CBC radio, contributing food editor for the Globe + Mail. Pulse enthusiast. ❤️ feeding people."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bannock or Fry Bread - Dinner With Julie\n\nbread\n\n## Bannock or Fry Bread\n\nStandardJune 20, 2017by Julie14 Comments\n\nBannock is bread in its simplest form, made in various forms by First Nations\ncommunities across Canada (and North America) with a simple dough of flour,\nbaking powder, oil or lard and water – baked in the oven to supplement your\nmorning coffee or evening stew, wound around a stick to cook over an open\nfire, or torn off in a ball and patted thin, then fried in lard or oil in a\nhot skillet until golden and crisp on both sides.\n\nI learned to make fry bread (or frybread – fried bannock) in thin rounds,\nshaped by hand with a hole in the middle, by a few women from nations in the\nBlackfoot Confederacy – the bread cooks quickly and evenly in a hot skillet in\nthis flattened doughnut shape, and won’t stay doughy inside. Using a pan gives\na quick crusty exterior on both sides, without the need to turn on the oven.\nAnd I’ve been known to mix up a batch of dough and cook a few at a time,\nsaving myself from having an entire batch warm all at once. They’re divine\nwarm from the skillet with blueberry-rhubarb-saskatoon jam spiked with maple\nsyrup.\n\nThe recipe itself, while similar to most other bannock recipes out there, came\nfrom Wanuskewin Heritage Park in Saskatoon, where we wound the dough back and\nforth around the tines of long metal forks to bake over hot coals in the\nmiddle of the afternoon. (I halved it – the original made a lot, but feel free\nto double it if you want more than about a dozen fry breads.)\n\nTear. Pat. Poke. Fry.\n\nTear open and slather with jam, or dunk in soup or chili or stew. I made a\nquick jam with some frozen wild blueberries and saskatoons from the freezer,\nand a couple chopped stalks of rhubarb, and about half as much sugar as there\nwas fruit in the pot (plus a generous glug of maple syrup), brought to a boil\nand simmered until it thickened and became jam-like. Because making jam\nshouldn’t be scary.\n\n## Bannock or Fry Bread\n\nAuthorJulie\n\n3 cups all-purpose flour\n\n1 Tbsp baking powder\n\n1 tsp sugar\n\n1/2 tsp salt\n\n1/4 cup canola or other mild vegetable oil\n\n1 cup water\n\nlard or additional canola oil, for cooking\n\n1\n\nIn a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a\nhollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is\nformed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about\nten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce\nthe top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or\nuntil golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\n\n2\n\nAlternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open\nfire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat\ninto a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy\nskillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm.\nMakes about 1 dozen breads.\n\nCategorybread\n\n## Ingredients\n\n3 cups all-purpose flour\n\n1 Tbsp baking powder\n\n1 tsp sugar\n\n1/2 tsp salt\n\n1/4 cup canola or other mild vegetable oil\n\n1 cup water\n\nlard or additional canola oil, for cooking\n\n## Directions\n\n1\n\nIn a large bowl, combine the flour, baking powder, sugar and salt. Make a\nhollow in the mixture and pour in the oil and water, and mix until a dough is\nformed. Knead until it’s soft and only slightly sticky. Let it sit for about\nten minutes, and then roll it out onto a lightly floured baking sheet, pierce\nthe top with a fork in several places and bake at 350F for 20-25 minutes, or\nuntil golden brown. Cut into squares and serve.\n\n2\n\nAlternatively, wind the dough onto the end of a stick to cook over an open\nfire. To make fry bread, pull off pieces a little larger than a golf ball, pat\ninto a circle and poke a hole in the middle. Cook in lard or oil in a heavy\nskillet set over medium-high heat until golden on both sides. Serve warm.\nMakes about 1 dozen breads.\n\nBannock or Fry Bread\n\nIngredientsDirections\n\nbread\n\nShare\n\n * 6\n\n#### About Julie\n\n##### Previous post\n\nBroccoli Rubble (with Other Things)\n\n##### Next post\n\nSmashed Salad\n\n#### You May Also Like\n\nbread, snacks\n\n#### Screaming Doughnuts\n\nStandardOctober 27, 2020by Julie0 Comments\n\ncake\n\n#### Jan’s Chocolate Celebration Cake\n\nStandardOctober 26, 2020by Julie12 Comments\n\nchicken & turkey, sandwiches\n\n#### Blog Flog: Grilled Turkey Shawarma\n\nStandardOctober 16, 2020by Julie3 Comments\n\ndessert\n\n#### Blackberry-Plum Friand\n\nStandardSeptember 19, 2020by Julie11 Comments\n\nvegetables, vegetarian\n\n#### Crispy Crushed Potatoes\n\nStandardSeptember 5, 2020by Julie9 Comments\n\ndessert, pie\n\n#### Blog Flog: Summer Fruit Pandowdy\n\nStandardAugust 29, 2020by Julie2 Comments\n\nleftovers\n\n#### Calgary Green Cart: Composting Kitchen Scraps\n\nStandardAugust 18, 2020by Julie4 Comments\n\ndessert, pie\n\n#### Blog Flog: Saskatoon (or Blueberry) Tarts\n\nStandardAugust 2, 2020by Julie0 Comments\n\nbread, breakfast, snacks\n\n#### Blog Flog: Blueberry Corn Fritters\n\nStandardAugust 1, 2020by Julie3 Comments\n\n## 14 comments on “Bannock or Fry Bread”\n\n 1. Vivian\n\nJune 20, 2017 at 11:09 pm #\n\nReply\n\nOh boy, I think this just might be my next Great Canadian cooking\nadventure!...Canada Day for sure. Thanks Julie. Have tried and tried to make a\ndecent gluten-free version that will wrap around a stick for over the fire but\nso far no luck.\n\n * Julie\n\nJune 21, 2017 at 10:26 am #\n\nReply\n\nYeah, gluten free bread is so tricky – have you tried using a gluten-free\nflour blend?\n\n * Edna\n\nJune 30, 2017 at 5:36 pm #\n\nI’ve made bannock with Robin hood and a few other gluten free flours mine\nturned out fine. I have also made my husband’s family’s roll cookie (which is\nnot a cookie, but a bread similar to bannock) which turned out great\n\n * Julie\n\nJuly 2, 2017 at 8:51 pm #\n\nGood to hear it Edna!\n\n 2. Lisa\n\nJune 22, 2017 at 4:39 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI grew up with them being called puffs: though they were yeast bread deep\nfried after pulling a golf ball size off the dough and stretching it. Served\nwith round steak and boiled onions for Sunday breakfast. Alexandria, Virginia.\n(though my rogue Calif husband shocked the family by requesting jam with his)\n\n * Julie\n\nJune 26, 2017 at 9:38 pm #\n\nReply\n\nWow – with steak and boiled onions for breakfast! Amazing!\n\n 3. Carolyn\n\nJune 22, 2017 at 4:39 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI love that you posted this on the eve of National Aboriginal Day – honouring\nour founding mothers and fathers. Great job!\n\n * Julie\n\nJune 26, 2017 at 9:37 pm #\n\nReply\n\n🙂\n\n 4. heather davey\n\nJune 27, 2017 at 1:30 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI love your blog, so I’ve nominated you for the Blogger Recognition Award!\nhttps://smallsuitcases.me/2017/06/27/blogger-recognition-award/\n\n 5. mixer roti\n\nAugust 22, 2017 at 8:43 pm #\n\nReply\n\nthis is verry good\n\n 6. Candice\n\nNovember 28, 2017 at 4:29 pm #\n\nReply\n\nI just had to tell you that this is my go to bannock recipe. I fry it in my\ncast-iron. When I finally got the size and fry time down....these things are\nso darn good!!\n\n * Julie\n\nNovember 29, 2017 at 2:11 pm #\n\nReply\n\nSo great to hear! And yes, cast iron really is the best for bannock!\n\n 7. Harlen\n\nApril 14, 2018 at 4:26 pm #\n\nReply\n\nBannock mechanic powers initiate!\n\n * Harlen\n\nApril 15, 2018 at 5:30 pm #\n\nReply\n\nBut shouldn’t it be warm water?\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel Reply\n\nClear\n\n### instagram\n\n### dinnerwithjulie\n\nCook, cookbook author, writer, eater. Food columnist on CBC radio,\ncontributing food editor for the Globe + Mail. Pulse enthusiast. ❤️ feeding\npeople.\n\nSuch a beautiful spot.. no need for a filter.\n\nBig huge congrats to @jannisescott1 for winning go\n\nIt’s been an extremely weird week, and such a st\n\nW and I make chocolate chip cookies together on th\n\nA good day to have a pot of beans simmering on the\n\nEveryone’s telling me this should be an artsy al\n\nI’ve made this squashy red lentil dal twice this\n\nJust had another meeting to discuss a sustainable,\n\nThis error message is only visible to WordPress admins\n\nError: There is no connected account for the user 10628115 Feed will not\nupdate.\n\n### I have a newsletter!\n\n### looking for a recipe?\n\n * 129\n\nappetizers\n\n * 68\n\nbeans\n\n * 61\n\nbeef & bison\n\n * 21\n\nbeverages\n\n * 144\n\nbread\n\n * 163\n\nbreakfast\n\n * 94\n\ncake\n\n * 49\n\ncheese\n\n * 79\n\nchicken & turkey\n\n * 122\n\ncookies & squares\n\n * 183\n\ndessert\n\n * 103\n\neating out\n\n * 29\n\neggs\n\n * 18\n\nfish\n\n * 42\n\ngrains\n\n * 19\n\nlamb\n\n * 194\n\nleftovers\n\n * 40\n\non the grill\n\n * 137\n\none dish\n\n * 78\n\npasta\n\n * 89\n\npie\n\n * 58\n\npork\n\n * 62\n\npreserves\n\n * 73\n\nsalads\n\n * 42\n\nsandwiches\n\n * 28\n\nseafood\n\n * 21\n\nslow cooker\n\n * 105\n\nsnacks\n\n * 79\n\nsoup\n\n * 10\n\nstews & braises\n\n * 51\n\nsweet stuff\n\n * 74\n\nvegetables\n\n * 156\n\nvegetarian\n\n * 0\n\nvideo\n\n### Find my recipes from the Calgary Eyeopener!\n\n### in the archives\n\n### Receive new posts by email\n\n### Join me over on Facebook!\n\n> Join me over on Facebook!\n\n * Home\n * Recipes\n * Recipe Index\n * Meet Julie\n * Cookbooks\n * Events\n * Pods\n * Writing\n\nDinner With Julie © All Rights Reserved | Website by Curious Communications\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210606184829/https://50campfires.com/bannock-the-original-camping-bread-unusual-but-delicious-camping-foods/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods",
"passages": [
"“Bannock”; it’s not just a made-up word that shows up as a stumbling block in a sixth-grade spelling bee. It’s the original North American camping bread with heritage attributed to native northern tribes such as the Nunavut and the Cree.",
"Bannock ingredients are simple and exceedingly portable. It can be quickly prepared in camp and cooked over an open fire by any of several methods. It’s not a high-rise yeast bread, but acquires some loft usually from a chemical leavening.",
"Recipes for mixing up a batch of bannock are pretty standard. Flour, salt, and baking powder are the universal dry ingredients. Some recipes add a little bit of sugar and/or powdered milk. Also required are a bit of shortening and some water. The recipe that follows provides basic proportions, but experiment until you find what works just right for you.",
"For camping trips...whether deep into the wilderness or a few feet from your car... you can premix the dry ingredients in proper proportions and store it in zippered plastic bags. If you don’t put too many miles on them before you use them, these bags can serve as mixing vessels for your bannock dough as well.",
"Most traditionally, bannock is made plain and served alongside wild game meats or other foods foraged along the route or near camp. However, it’s natural for adding a bit of sweetness by including a handful of raisins, dried cranberries or even fresh blueberries in the dough. Butter, honey, and jam all go great on bannock.",
"Bannocks biggest controversy is in the “authentic” way to cook it over a campfire. There are three basic options. If I have the luxury of a cast iron skillet (here’s our favorite) and a little oil, my favorite way of preparing bannock is rolling the dough into discs just thicker than 1⁄2-inch and frying it to a golden brown. You can also sort of bake it in the skillet using reflected heat, which is slow, but works pretty well and gives you more of a rise on the loaf. Also – when it comes time to clean that skillet, here’s the best way to do it.",
"However, if you’re working from a pack on your back, cast iron’s too damn heavy to tote. So, you can either form a loaf and bake it in several layers of aluminum foil on the low heat of old coals (or buried in a pit of coals) or you can form long strips of dough about 3/8 of an inch thick and an inch wide and wrap them around the end of a green stick. You then carefully bake the dough over the coals and low flame much like you’re toasting a marshmallow.",
"Bannock is storied as the preferred camping bread of famous folks like Lewis & Clark, Kit Carson, Daniel Boone and many others, so next time you’re looking to mix a history lesson with your camping trip, whip up some bannock to go along with your beans...the whole crew will be glad you did.",
"If you’re into bannock, you probably practice a whole slew of outdoor skills and should check out the new full tang Morakniv Bushcraft.",
"Keep adding water and mixing until you get a good kneadable dough consistency. DO NOT make it a thin batter.",
"Turn out the dough onto a floured flat surface (another plastic bag or waxed paper) and knead for a minute or two.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods - 50\nCampfires\n\n * Share The Fire\n * Submit Your Tips & Tricks\n * Submit Camping Recipes\n * Manufacturers : Gear Reviews\n\n## 50 Campfires The Camping Authority\n\n# Bannock: The Original Camping Bread – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods\n\nPosted by: 50 Campfires in Camp Cooking, Lunch & Dinner\n\n“Bannock”; it’s not just a made-up word that shows up as a stumbling block in\na sixth-grade spelling bee. It’s the original North American camping bread\nwith heritage attributed to native northern tribes such as the Nunavut and the\nCree.\n\nBannock ingredients are simple and exceedingly portable. It can be quickly\nprepared in camp and cooked over an open fire by any of several methods. It’s\nnot a high-rise yeast bread, but acquires some loft usually from a chemical\nleavening.\n\nRecipes for mixing up a batch of bannock are pretty standard. Flour, salt, and\nbaking powder are the universal dry ingredients. Some recipes add a little bit\nof sugar and/or powdered milk. Also required are a bit of shortening and some\nwater. The recipe that follows provides basic proportions, but experiment\nuntil you find what works just right for you.\n\nFor camping trips...whether deep into the wilderness or a few feet from your\ncar... you can premix the dry ingredients in proper proportions and store it\nin zippered plastic bags. If you don’t put too many miles on them before you\nuse them, these bags can serve as mixing vessels for your bannock dough as\nwell.\n\nMost traditionally, bannock is made plain and served alongside wild game meats\nor other foods foraged along the route or near camp. However, it’s natural for\nadding a bit of sweetness by including a handful of raisins, dried cranberries\nor even fresh blueberries in the dough. Butter, honey, and jam all go great on\nbannock.\n\nThree ways to cook bannock\n\nBannocks biggest controversy is in the “authentic” way to cook it over a\ncampfire. There are three basic options. If I have the luxury of a cast iron\nskillet (here’s our favorite) and a little oil, my favorite way of preparing\nbannock is rolling the dough into discs just thicker than 1⁄2-inch and frying\nit to a golden brown. You can also sort of bake it in the skillet using\nreflected heat, which is slow, but works pretty well and gives you more of a\nrise on the loaf. Also – when it comes time to clean that skillet, here’s the\nbest way to do it.\n\nHowever, if you’re working from a pack on your back, cast iron’s too damn\nheavy to tote. So, you can either form a loaf and bake it in several layers of\naluminum foil on the low heat of old coals (or buried in a pit of coals) or\nyou can form long strips of dough about 3/8 of an inch thick and an inch wide\nand wrap them around the end of a green stick. You then carefully bake the\ndough over the coals and low flame much like you’re toasting a marshmallow.\n\nBannock is storied as the preferred camping bread of famous folks like Lewis &\nClark, Kit Carson, Daniel Boone and many others, so next time you’re looking\nto mix a history lesson with your camping trip, whip up some bannock to go\nalong with your beans...the whole crew will be glad you did.\n\nIf you’re into bannock, you probably practice a whole slew of outdoor skills\nand should check out the new full tang Morakniv Bushcraft.\n\nBasic Bannock Recipe\n\nPrint\n\nIngredients\n\n * 3 cups all-purpose or whole wheat flour\n * 1 tsp. salt\n * 2 Tbsp. baking powder\n * 1⁄2 cup powdered milk\n * 1 tsp. sugar\n * 1⁄4 cup shortening (lard, bacon grease, melted butter, canola oil)\n * 2 cups water (approximately)\n * Additional oil if you’ll be frying in a skillet or Dutch Oven\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Mix dry ingredients well in large bowl or zipper close plastic bag.\n 2. Add shortening; work it into dry ingredients until you get an even meal consistency.\n 3. Add about half of the water and start to stir and mix with a fork.\n 4. Keep adding water and mixing until you get a good kneadable dough consistency. DO NOT make it a thin batter.\n 5. Turn out the dough onto a floured flat surface (another plastic bag or waxed paper) and knead for a minute or two.\n 6. Press into paddies about 3⁄4-inch thick for frying or a general loaf shape for baking.\n 7. Cook until a deep golden brown on both sides, and a toothpick inserted in center comes out clean.\n\n3.3.3077\n\nPhoto courtesy of Dan McKay.\n\ncomments\n\nBannock Bread campfire recipe camping bread camping recipes 2015-12-29\n\n50 Campfires\n\n * tweet\n\nTagged with: Bannock Bread campfire recipe camping bread camping recipes\n\nPrevious: Northern Tool Kindling Cracker: Review\n\nNext: The Best Camping Gear for Dogs\n\n### You May Also Like\n\n### 21 Gifts For The Outdoor Foodie On Your List\n\n### 27 Grilled Kebab Recipes That Will Make Your Mouth Water\n\n### Campfire Crescent Rolls On A Stick\n\n### Grilled Peaches with Honey Cinnamon Ricotta\n\n### Pickled Stuff – Unusual But Delicious Camping Foods\n\n### Campfire Recipes From Carolina Lowcountry\n\n### 21 S’mores Inspired Recipes That Are Next Level\n\n### Super Delicious Dutch Oven Campfire Beans\n\n### Mountain Man Dutch Oven Breakfast\n\n### 5 Easy Camping Meals Inspired By The Sun\n\n### Bacon Filled Smoked Stuffed Peppers\n\n### To Die For Smoked Ribs\n\n#### CAMP COOKING\n\n#### Gear\n\n#### Camping Tips\n\n * ### 5 Tips For A Successful Fish Fry\n\n * ### 7 Bear Safety Tips You Need To Know\n\n * ### Tips For Backyard Camping With Kids\n\n * ### Best Road Trip Apps 2020\n\n * ### How Do Survival Tactics Change in the Winter?\n\n#### Camping Recipes\n\n#### Camp with us on Facebook\n\nMedia Kit\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n© Copyright 2021 50 Campfires, LLC\n\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience. We'll assume you're ok\nwith this, but you can opt-out if you wish. Cookie settingsACCEPT\n\nPrivacy & Cookies Policy\n\n#### Privacy Overview\n\nThis website uses cookies to improve your experience while you navigate\nthrough the website. Out of these cookies, the cookies that are categorized as\nnecessary are stored on your browser as they are essential for the working of\nbasic functionalities of the website. We also use third-party cookies that\nhelp us analyze and understand how you use this website. These cookies will be\nstored in your browser only with your consent. You also have the option to\nopt-out of these cookies. But opting out of some of these cookies may have an\neffect on your browsing experience.\n\nNecessary\n\nAlways Enabled\n\nNecessary cookies are absolutely essential for the website to function\nproperly. This category only includes cookies that ensures basic\nfunctionalities and security features of the website. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://anitalianinmykitchen.com/bannock/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210909001445/https://anitalianinmykitchen.com/bannock/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150 Recipe",
"passages": [
"I decided I had to include one of Canada’s Native Peoples recipes. Without getting into the political surrounding of our not so wonderful treatment of our First Nations, I would like to tell you a bit about the origin of Bannock, this simple fried bread.",
"Bannock was originally brought to North America by Scottish explorers and traders. Indigenous people in particular Métis adopted bannock in their cuisine in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries probably after their encounters with Scottish fur traders.",
"As a result, even today many Métis and aboriginal western Canadians often prepare this dish. In western Canada, bannock is much more associated with native and Métis culture than with its Scottish roots.",
"With very few ingredients and easy to make Bannock is perfect as an accompaniment with a meal or even for Breakfast. It is often made when camping and it has been used as a staple food for wilderness explorers, trappers, and prospectors for centuries.",
"Whisk the dry ingredients before adding the oil and water. I used olive oil but vegetable oil is more traditional.",
"Do not over knead, this is not a yeast dough, and will be a little sticky, so therefore extra flour is not needed.",
"I hope you decide to give this simple yeast free bread a try and let me know what you think. Enjoy!",
"Easy Bannock Bread, a simple fried bread, fast and easy and so delicious, no yeast, the perfect camping, breakfast or side dish.",
"Then add the olive oil and whisk together with a fork, gradually add water and stir until the dough almost holds together. Move to a lightly floured flat surface and gently knead about 10 times just until the dough comes together (the dough will be sticky, do not overknead).",
"Divide into 5 balls and flatten with the palm of your hand. Fry in hot oil (350F/175C)on medium heat (enough to cover the bottom of a medium frying pan), until golden brown on both sides (and cooked on the inside). Drain on a paper towel lined plate and eat warm or at room temperature. Enjoy!",
"Calories: 208kcal | Carbohydrates: 38g | Protein: 5g | Fat: 3g | Sodium: 236mg | Potassium: 215mg | Fiber: 1g | Calcium: 77mg | Iron: 2.4mg",
"Living in Italy I learned to cook authentic Italian dishes using whole ingredients, fresh veggies and delicious spices. So take a seat and have a taste! Read More",
"To help personalize content, measure adverts and provide a safer experience, we use cookies. By giving consent, you agree to allow us to collect information through cookies.OkNoRead more"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150 Recipe - An Italian in my Kitchen\n\n * Home\n * About\n * Contact\n * Disclosure/Privacy\n * Recipe Index\n\nCheck Out My New Site: All Things Bread 🍞\n\n * Home\n * About Me – Rosemary Molloy\n\n * Contact\n * Disclosure/Privacy\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n\n * Beef\n * Chicken\n * Chocolate\n * Eggs\n * Fish & Seafood\n * fruit\n * Pasta\n * Pork\n * Potatoes\n * Vegetables\n * Course\n\n * Drinks\n * Breakfast / Brunch\n * Lunch\n * Appetizers & Snacks\n * Main Dish\n * Side Dishes\n * Snacks\n * Pasta\n * Casseroles & Bakes\n * Pizza / Bread\n * Salads\n * Soups & Stews\n * Desserts\n\n * Cookies & Bars\n * Donuts & Pastries\n * Frostings & Glazes\n * Homemade Candy\n * Ice Cream & Frozen Desserts\n * Muffins & Sweet Breads\n * No-Bake Desserts\n * Tarts & Pies\n * Seasons\n\n * Christmas\n * Easter\n * Fall/Winter\n * Halloween\n * Thanksgiving\n * American Favorites\n\n * Appetizers & Snacks\n * Breakfast / Brunch\n * Drinks\n * Lunch\n * Main Dish\n * Desserts\n * Side Dishes\n\nCheck Out My New Site: All Things Bread 🍞\n\n↑\n\nAn Italian in my Kitchen\n\nAuthentic Italian Recipes\n\nHome » Popular » Bread & Yeast Breads » Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating\n#Canada150\n\n# Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150\n\nLast Updated June 23, 2021. Published June 22, 2019 By Rosemary 38 Comments\n\n#### Share\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nEmail\n\nJump to Recipe\n\nA simple and easy fried bread recipe. Bannock a traditional Indigenous Bread\nmade modern.\n\n## Easy Bannock Bread\n\nI originally shared this recipe two years ago when Canada was celebrating 150\nyears.\n\nI decided I had to include one of Canada’s Native Peoples recipes. Without\ngetting into the political surrounding of our not so wonderful treatment of\nour First Nations, I would like to tell you a bit about the origin of Bannock,\nthis simple fried bread.\n\n## The Origin of Bannock Bread\n\nBannock was originally brought to North America by Scottish explorers and\ntraders. Indigenous people in particular Métis adopted bannock in their\ncuisine in the eighteenth and nineteenth centuries probably after their\nencounters with Scottish fur traders.\n\nAs a result, even today many Métis and aboriginal western Canadians often\nprepare this dish. In western Canada, bannock is much more associated with\nnative and Métis culture than with its Scottish roots.\n\nWith very few ingredients and easy to make Bannock is perfect as an\naccompaniment with a meal or even for Breakfast. It is often made when camping\nand it has been used as a staple food for wilderness explorers, trappers, and\nprospectors for centuries.\n\nA few tips in making this Easy Bannock Bread tasty and something you will\nenjoy often.\n\n## Tips for making the Best Bannock Bread\n\n * Whisk the dry ingredients before adding the oil and water. I used olive oil but vegetable oil is more traditional.\n * Bring the dough together with a fork.\n * Move the Bannock dough to a lightly floured surface and knead only until the dough comes together.\n * Do not over knead, this is not a yeast dough, and will be a little sticky, so therefore extra flour is not needed.\n\n * Break off pieces of dough and flatten with the palm of your hand.\n * Fry in hot oil on medium heat until golden brown and then turn to brown on the other side.\n * Drain on paper towels.\n * Eat warm or room temperature.\n\nThis type of bread should be eaten as soon as possible and not stored.\n\n## More delicious No Yeast Breads\n\nNo Yeast Pizza Dough\n\nIrish Soda Bread\n\nItalian Flat Bread\n\nThin Crispy Focaccia\n\nI hope you decide to give this simple yeast free bread a try and let me know\nwhat you think. Enjoy!\n\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe Rate Recipe\n\n4.56 from 36 votes\n\n## Easy Bannock Bread Celebrating #Canada150\n\nEasy Bannock Bread, a simple fried bread, fast and easy and so delicious, no\nyeast, the perfect camping, breakfast or side dish.\n\nPrevent your screen from going dark\n\nFollow me on Youtube!Watch the videos and don't forget to subscribe on\nYoutube!\n\nCourse Bread and Pizza, Breakfast, Side Dish\n\nCuisine American\n\nPrep Time 10 minutes\n\nCook Time 15 minutes\n\nTotal Time 25 minutes\n\nServings 5 servings\n\nCalories 208kcal\n\nAuthor Rosemary Molloy\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 2 cups flour (260 grams)\n * 2 teaspoons baking powder\n * 1/2 teaspoon salt\n * 1 tablespoon olive oil or vegetable oil\n * 3/4 cup water (175 grams)\n * vegetable oil for frying\n\n### Instructions\n\n * In a large bowl whisk together the flour, salt and baking powder.\n\n * Then add the olive oil and whisk together with a fork, gradually add water and stir until the dough almost holds together. Move to a lightly floured flat surface and gently knead about 10 times just until the dough comes together (the dough will be sticky, do not overknead).\n\n * Divide into 5 balls and flatten with the palm of your hand. Fry in hot oil (350F/175C)on medium heat (enough to cover the bottom of a medium frying pan), until golden brown on both sides (and cooked on the inside). Drain on a paper towel lined plate and eat warm or at room temperature. Enjoy!\n\n### Notes\n\nDo not cook on too high a heat or they will only cook on the outside.\n\n### Nutrition\n\nCalories: 208kcal | Carbohydrates: 38g | Protein: 5g | Fat: 3g | Sodium: 236mg\n| Potassium: 215mg | Fiber: 1g | Calcium: 77mg | Iron: 2.4mg\n\nTried this recipe?Mention @anitalianinmykitchen or tag #anitalianinmykitchen!\n\nUpdated from June 29, 2017.\n\n#### Share\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nEmail\n\n### Related\n\n##### FREE EMAIL BONUS\n\n#### 3 Secrets to Authentic Italian Pizza!\n\nCrust, sauce, toppings. Bold flavors. Forget everything you think you know\nabout pizza.\n\nWe won't send you spam. Unsubscribe at any time.\n\nFiled Under: American Favorites, Bread & Yeast Breads, Fall/Winter, Grilling &\nBBQ, Lunch, Main Dish, Most Posts, Side Dishes, Summer\n\n#### Hi, I'm Rosemary.\n\nLiving in Italy I learned to cook authentic Italian dishes using whole\ningredients, fresh veggies and delicious spices. So take a seat and have a\ntaste! Read More\n\n##### Subscribe today\n\n#### Never Miss a Recipe!\n\n#### Fall & Winter Recipes\n\n## Easy Pumpkin Butter\n\n## Creamy Broccoli Potato Casserole\n\n## Easy Apple Crisp Recipe\n\n## Orange Crescent Cookies\n\n## Pasta e Fagioli / Pasta and Beans\n\n## Roasted cauliflower\n\n#### Readers Favorite Trending Recipes\n\n * Best Pizza Dough Recipe\n * Homemade Potato Gnocchi Recipe\n * 10 Minute Homemade Puff Pastry + Recipes\n * Authentic Bolognese Sauce\n\n#### Ingredients.\n\n * Beef\n * Chicken\n * Chocolate\n * Eggs\n * Fish & Seafood\n * Pasta\n * Pork\n\n#### Course.\n\n * Appetizers & Snacks\n * Breakfast / Brunch\n * Drinks\n * Lunch\n * Main Dish\n\n#### Browse.\n\n * About Me – Rosemary Molloy\n * Contact\n * Disclosure/Privacy\n * Recipe Index\n\nCopyright ©2021, An Italian in my Kitchen. All Rights Reserved.\n\nDesign by Pixel Me Designs\n\nTo help personalize content, measure adverts and provide a safer experience,\nwe use cookies. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210420072333/https://www.cookingnook.com/recipe/bannock/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Authentic Bannock Bread Recipe",
"passages": [
"Bannock is a yeast free bread that can either be fried or baked. It is a staple in many North American native diets.",
"Janet says this recipe: Makes the best bannock for any meal breakfast, lunch or supper even great for a snack when the kids are hungry and cannot wait for their meal.",
"Mix all dry ingredients into a big bowl. Add water or milk and add the oil of your choice. Mix all ingredients together until the batter becomes like bread dough, not sticky.",
"Put flour onto table surface then roll the dough with your fists for about 2 minutes, like making a bread dough. Pound the dough into a round ball then slowly expand the dough by making it nice and round about half inch thick and should be round like a pie plate. Make holes with a fork by poking it all around the dough from top to bottom.",
"Then with your cookie sheet ready put the bannock onto cookie sheet and bake it at 375oF until it becomes golden brown. Spread lard on the bannock when it comes out of the oven to keep it moist and Delicious. You will enjoy this bannock and do not worry if does not turn out well practice makes perfect.",
"You can adjust the thickness of the dough if you prefer your bannock bread to be thin or thick. Make sure the thickness of it is say 1 inch and thinner in size. The thinner bannock dough would be about half inch and rounder more than a pie plate and do not forget the holes in your bannock. Also, don’t forget to adjust your baking time. The thinner the bannock, the shorter the baking time needed.",
"Optional: Add 1 cup of raisins and 3 tablespoons of sugar into the dough when you are mixing the ingredients together.",
"Like this recipe? I’d love you to Pin it to Pinterest, Tweet about it, Like it on Facebook and leave a comment below.",
"Now that you have learned how to make bannock bread, look here to browse all of our muffin, sweet bread and yeast bread recipes.",
"Recipe Type: Breads and Muffins Tags: bannock, bannock bread, bannock recipe, bread recipes Ingredients: baking powder, flour, milk, Oil, salt",
"If you are looking for healthy snack recipes, these whole wheat muffins may be just what you are looking for. We... more"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make Bannock | Authentic Bannock Bread Recipe | Cookingnook.com\n\n * Home\n\n * Make us your home page\n * About Me\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Statement\n * Site Map\n * Subscribe to the Site\n * Recipes by Category\n\n * Appetizers\n * Soups\n * Salads\n * Meat Recipes\n * Fish and Seafood\n * Vegetables\n * Potato/Rice/Noodles\n * Desserts\n\n * Healthy Desserts\n * Bread and Muffins\n * Eggs and Brunch\n * Sandwich Recipes\n * Sauces\n * Drinks\n * Jams and Pickles\n * By Cuisine\n\n * Italian\n * Mexican\n * Middle Eastern\n * East Indian\n * Asian\n * Easy Dinner Recipes\n * Food, Health and Our Body\n\n * Power Foods\n * Health Benefits of Herbs and Spices\n * Diet and Lifestyle\n * Food Labels\n * Boost Metabolism\n * Monthly Fruit Club\n * Diabetes Information\n * Gluten Free Recipes\n * Healthy Recipes\n\n * Healthy Desserts\n * Easy Menu Ideas\n * All Vegetarian\n\n * Vegetarian Recipes\n * Vegetarian Menu Ideas\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * RSS\n * Pinterest\n\nRecipe Types:\n\n# Bannock\n\n2013-07-09\n\n * Cuisine: American\n * Course: Side Dish, Snack\n * Skill Level: Intermediate\n\n###### Average Member Rating\n\n(3.6 / 5)\n\n3.6 5 128\n\n128 people rated this recipe\n\n * Servings : 8\n * Prep Time :\n\n10m\n\n * Cook Time :\n\n0m\n\n * Ready In : 0m\n\n### Nutritional Info\n\nThis information is per serving.\n\n * Calories\n\n293\n\n * Total Fat\n\n14.1g\n\n * Saturated Fat\n\n1.8g\n\n * Cholesterol\n\n0mg\n\n * Sodium\n\n293mg\n\n * Total Carbohydrates\n\n36.7g\n\n * Dietary Fiber\n\n1.3g\n\n * Protein\n\n4.8g\n\n * Vitamin A\n\n0%\n\n * Vitamin C\n\n0%\n\n * Calcium\n\n9%\n\n * Iron\n\n13%\n\nBannock is a yeast free bread that can either be fried or baked. It is a\nstaple in many North American native diets.\n\nThis version, originally submitted by Janet F of Cumberland House, SK Canada,\nis baked.\n\nJanet says this recipe: Makes the best bannock for any meal breakfast, lunch\nor supper even great for a snack when the kids are hungry and cannot wait for\ntheir meal.\n\nGive it a try.\n\n## Bannock Bread\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 3 cups of flour or half and half whole wheat and white flour\n * 1 teaspoon of salt\n * 1 tablespoon baking powder\n * 1/2 cup of oil, or olive oil\n * water or milk\n\n### Method\n\n#### Step 1\n\nPreheat oven to 375oF.\n\n#### Step 2\n\nMix all dry ingredients into a big bowl. Add water or milk and add the oil of\nyour choice. Mix all ingredients together until the batter becomes like bread\ndough, not sticky.\n\n#### Step 3\n\nPut flour onto table surface then roll the dough with your fists for about 2\nminutes, like making a bread dough. Pound the dough into a round ball then\nslowly expand the dough by making it nice and round about half inch thick and\nshould be round like a pie plate. Make holes with a fork by poking it all\naround the dough from top to bottom.\n\n#### Step 4\n\nThen with your cookie sheet ready put the bannock onto cookie sheet and bake\nit at 375oF until it becomes golden brown. Spread lard on the bannock when it\ncomes out of the oven to keep it moist and Delicious. You will enjoy this\nbannock and do not worry if does not turn out well practice makes perfect.\n\nServes about 8.\n\n#### Hint:\n\nYou can adjust the thickness of the dough if you prefer your bannock bread to\nbe thin or thick. Make sure the thickness of it is say 1 inch and thinner in\nsize. The thinner bannock dough would be about half inch and rounder more than\na pie plate and do not forget the holes in your bannock. Also, don’t forget to\nadjust your baking time. The thinner the bannock, the shorter the baking time\nneeded.\n\nEnjoy with real butter.\n\nOptional: Add 1 cup of raisins and 3 tablespoons of sugar into the dough when\nyou are mixing the ingredients together.\n\nLike this recipe? I’d love you to Pin it to Pinterest, Tweet about it, Like it\non Facebook and leave a comment below.\n\nClick here to add your own favorite recipes.\n\nNow that you have learned how to make bannock bread, look here to browse all\nof our muffin, sweet bread and yeast bread recipes.\n\nRecipe Type: Breads and Muffins Tags: bannock, bannock bread, bannock recipe,\nbread recipes Ingredients: baking powder, flour, milk, Oil, salt\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\n## Never miss a recipe or tip!\n\nSign up and be the first to get notified of new updates.\n\nClick here to see our collection of recipes that are perfect for Easter.\n\n## Check out these Recipes\n\n * Newest\n * Popular\n * Random\n\n * ##### Creamy Kale Soup\n\n(5 / 5)\n\n * ##### Sweet Potato Rolls\n\n(3.3 / 5)\n\n * ##### Apple Oatmeal Muffins with Honey\n\n(5 / 5)\n\n * ##### Easy Pancake Recipe\n\n(3.7 / 5)\n\n * ##### The Best Chocolate Chip Cookie Recipe\n\n(4 / 5)\n\n * ##### Best Scalloped Potatoes Recipe\n\n(3.2 / 5)\n\n * ##### The Best Apple Pie Recipe\n\n(3.9 / 5)\n\n * ##### Sausage Balls\n\n(5 / 5)\n\n * ##### Korean Pancakes\n\n(4.5 / 5)\n\n## What’s New\n\n * ##### 25 Fabulous Pantry Recipes\n\nThese pantry recipes use ingredients that you probably have on hand all...more\n\n * ##### 10 Easy Muffin Recipes, Sweet and Savory\n\nHere are 10 easy muffin recipes you won't want to do without....more\n\n * ##### The Paleo Diet\n\nThe Paleo Diet: There is a very popular diet we have been...more\n\n## Weekly Special\n\n#### Whole Wheat Muffins with Lots of Variations\n\nIf you are looking for healthy snack recipes, these whole wheat muffins may be\njust what you are looking for. We... more\n\nRead More\n\nCookingnook.com is proudly powered by WordPress\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416085151/https://www.curiouscuisiniere.com/bannock-bread/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread) • Curious Cuisiniere",
"passages": [
"Scottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it the perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!",
"Bannock is a simple, flat loaf of bread that bakes up with a texture similar to a scone or biscuit, with a fluffy center that is slightly crumbly. It is wonderful for breakfast spread with some jam or served for a main meal alongside your stew or main dish.",
"Bannock bread originated in Scotland, where it was first made as a quite heavy and dense loaf with a barley or oatmeal dough and no leavening. As leavening agents were introduced, they began to be added to these skillet breads, making them fluffier.",
"While bannock originated in Scotland, the concept was adopted into Native American cultures, particularly in the cuisine of the Inuits of Canada and Alaska.",
"Variations of North American bannock were made with corn (maize), making a loaf similar to a skillet cornbread. But, as wheat became more widely grown, they began making bannock with whole wheat flour, which is most commonly used today.",
"North American pioneers like Lewis and Clark and Daniel Boone learned how to make bannock from the Native Americans, and the bread became a staple for them and many others during the westward exploration of North America.",
"A cast iron skillet conducts heat very well (and stays hot for a long time), so when using a cast iron skillet to bake bread, you need to be sure that you skillet is over a warm section of coals, but not a super hot section of the fire.",
"Your goal is to keep the heat to the skillet at a steady medium level, so that the bread cooks, but doesn’t burn too quickly.",
"A good test of this for your bannock is if your bread starts to smell (or look) like the bottom crust is burning after less than 10 minutes in the skillet, then things are too hot. Cooking for less than 10 minutes on a side will result in bannock that is not quite done in the middle.",
"If you do start to burn one side of your bannock, don’t worry, all is not lost. Just move your skillet to a cooler section of coals (or off the heat completely if things are way too hot). Flip your bread, and let the second side cook slowly (for 15-20 minute).",
"Bannock has been a staple bread of peoples who lived in camps where the cooking was done over an open fire. But, sometimes a skillet (or flat stone) wasn’t available.",
"Not to be troubled with the details, they began making their bannock dough thicker and simply wrapping it around a stick to be cooked over the open flames.",
"The next time we go camping, we’ll be bringing a bag of bannock mix with us and trying the stick method of cooking it over a fire!",
"Scottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it the perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!",
"Add the shortening and cut the fat into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse breadcrumbs. (If you will be taking this mix traveling with you, you can make this dry mix ahead of time and store it in a sealed plastic bag or container until you are ready to make your bread.)",
"Grease a 9-inch cast iron skillet and warm it over the fire coals (or stove on medium heat). (Your goal is to get the pan hot enough that the batter will sizzle when it hits the pan, but not so hot that the oil is smoking.)",
"Cook the bread for 10-15 min. Once the bottom is a dark golden and the top of the batter is starting to dry out, flip the loaf.",
"Bake the loaf on the second side for 10-15 minutes. (If your bannock takes any less than 10 minutes to bake on a side before the crust starts to burn, then your heat is too hot and the outside is cooking faster than the inside. Move your pan to a cooler section of coals.)",
"*If using all all-purpose flour, you may need to add a little less water to your dough to get a good consistency.",
"Don’t want to carry a pan camping with you? Make a thicker dough by using less water. Wrap the dough around a stick and cook it over your campfire.",
"Sarah is co-owner of Curious Cuisiniere and the chief researcher and recipe developer for the site. Her love for cultural cuisines was instilled early by her French Canadian Grandmother. Her experience in the kitchen and in recipe development comes from years working in professional kitchens. She has traveled extensively and enjoys bringing the flavors of her travels back to create easy-to-make recipes.",
"Hey, I was wondering. If you cook this in an iron skillet, how can you tell if the bottom is too done or burning? Some have commented that they use the oven. Do you get the same results, and if so, what temperature is the oven set at? My husband's family is Scottish, but he has never mentioned this bread. I make scones for him all the time. I would love to try this recipe, but I want to be successful at it. Thank you so much for this interesting article.",
"Hi Betty. The dough holds together well enough that you should be able to get a spatula under it to take a peek at the bottom. We haven't done it in the oven. But, I would try it at 350F for 20 minutes to start. (Tap the bread to be sure it sounds hollow, or use a thermometer to temp it to 190F to know it's done.)",
"Hey Sarah, may want to adjust the typo to 2 Tsps Teaspoons of Baking Powder. You can fry in 1\" oil this mix too - in little dollops - can change fat to oil mix too.",
"Hi Ken. Thanks for your comment! While 2 Tbsp (Tablespoons) may seem like a lot, it is correct for this recipe to get a good loft. And, you don't really taste it in the final bread. If you are sensitive to the flavor of baking soda, you could reduce it, but the bread may not rise as much.",
"Hi Sarah, Thankyou for your recipe and suggestions on cooking without a pan. My ancestors and I are Scottish, by birth but I spend most of my time between Northern England, North America and Serbia as my new wife is Serbian. I love the outdoors in all these countries and though I had heard of Bannock bread from Ray Mears programs about 20 years ago had never tried it. And was suprised to find out it was Scottish in origin. Anyhow decided to try it tonight indoors for a test run. And it turned out great so thanks again. Very tastey bread made easy without an oven. Cheers. or Slante as they say...",
"I've lived in Ireland my whole life and this isn't a traditional bannock as I know it. I'm in County Antrim the heart of Ulster/Scots country and a Bannock in both places is typically a round loaf always baked in the oven. It's made using buttermilk and bicarbonate of soda or baking soda as a raising agent.",
"Thanks for your comment Linda. From what I have read, the term has evolved over the years (decades) and in different regions. Thanks for sharing what it is like where you are!",
"Hello There. I discovered your blog using msn. That is a really well written article. I will make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your useful info.",
"Welcome to Curious Cuisiniere! Our passion is exploring the history and heritage of food around the world. Here you will find easy-to-follow cultural recipes, highlighed with info to connect you to the dishes you cook. Where will you travel today?",
"Throughout our site you will find affiliate links to products we trust. Using an affiliate link doesn't cost you anything, but it does help support what we do in a small way. Thanks for your support of Curious Cuisinière!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread) • Curious Cuisiniere\n\nSkip to Content\n\nPosted on Last updated: June 20, 2017 Categories Around the World, Bread\nRecipes, British Recipes, Canadian Recipes, Summer Recipes\n\nBy: Author Sarah Ozimek\n\n# Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread)\n\nYou are here Home » Around the World » British Recipes » Bannock (Scottish\nSkillet Bread)\n\nSign up for our newsletter to receive cultural tidbits & tasty dishes! Thanks\nfor visiting!\n\nIf you like this dish, sign up for our newsletter for tasty, cultural\ninspiration in your inbox!\n\nScottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it\nthe perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\n\n## Bannock: Scottish Heritage\n\nBannock is a simple, flat loaf of bread that bakes up with a texture similar\nto a scone or biscuit, with a fluffy center that is slightly crumbly. It is\nwonderful for breakfast spread with some jam or served for a main meal\nalongside your stew or main dish.\n\nThe word “bannock” has Celtic roots, coming from a Latin word that means,\nquite simply, “baked dough”.\n\nBannock bread originated in Scotland, where it was first made as a quite heavy\nand dense loaf with a barley or oatmeal dough and no leavening. As leavening\nagents were introduced, they began to be added to these skillet breads, making\nthem fluffier.\n\n## Bannock In North America\n\nWhile bannock originated in Scotland, the concept was adopted into Native\nAmerican cultures, particularly in the cuisine of the Inuits of Canada and\nAlaska.\n\nVariations of North American bannock were made with corn (maize), making a\nloaf similar to a skillet cornbread. But, as wheat became more widely grown,\nthey began making bannock with whole wheat flour, which is most commonly used\ntoday.\n\nNorth American pioneers like Lewis and Clark and Daniel Boone learned how to\nmake bannock from the Native Americans, and the bread became a staple for them\nand many others during the westward exploration of North America.\n\n## Making Campfire Bread\n\nWhen making bread over a campfire the most important (and hardest to control)\nelement is the heat.\n\nA cast iron skillet conducts heat very well (and stays hot for a long time),\nso when using a cast iron skillet to bake bread, you need to be sure that you\nskillet is over a warm section of coals, but not a super hot section of the\nfire.\n\nYour goal is to keep the heat to the skillet at a steady medium level, so that\nthe bread cooks, but doesn’t burn too quickly.\n\nA good test of this for your bannock is if your bread starts to smell (or\nlook) like the bottom crust is burning after less than 10 minutes in the\nskillet, then things are too hot. Cooking for less than 10 minutes on a side\nwill result in bannock that is not quite done in the middle.\n\nIf you do start to burn one side of your bannock, don’t worry, all is not\nlost. Just move your skillet to a cooler section of coals (or off the heat\ncompletely if things are way too hot). Flip your bread, and let the second\nside cook slowly (for 15-20 minute).\n\nThis will let the heat on the second side reach the middle of the bread,\ncooking it through.\n\n## Making Bannock Without A Skillet\n\nBannock has been a staple bread of peoples who lived in camps where the\ncooking was done over an open fire. But, sometimes a skillet (or flat stone)\nwasn’t available.\n\nNot to be troubled with the details, they began making their bannock dough\nthicker and simply wrapping it around a stick to be cooked over the open\nflames.\n\nThe next time we go camping, we’ll be bringing a bag of bannock mix with us\nand trying the stick method of cooking it over a fire!\n\nPrint Recipe Pin Recipe\n\n4 from 21 votes\n\n## Bannock (Scottish Skillet Bread)\n\nScottish Bannock bread is cooked in a skillet from a simple dough, making it\nthe perfect recipe for cooking up fresh bread around your summer campfire!\n\nYield: 1 (9-inch round) loaf\n\nPrep Time10 mins\n\nCook Time30 mins\n\nTotal Time40 mins\n\nCourse: Bread\n\nCuisine: Scottish\n\nServings: 6 people\n\nAuthor: Sarah Ozimek\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 1 1⁄2 c unbleached all-purpose flour\n * 1 1⁄2 c white whole wheat flour* (or more all-purpose*)\n * 1⁄2 c powdered milk\n * 2 Tbsp baking powder\n * 1 tsp salt\n * 2 Tbsp shortening, lard, or butter\n * 1 - 1 1⁄2 c water\n * Cooking oil (for greasing the pan)\n\n### Instructions\n\n * In a medium bowl, mix the flours, powdered milk, baking powder, and salt.\n\n * Add the shortening and cut the fat into the dry ingredients until the mixture resembles coarse breadcrumbs. (If you will be taking this mix traveling with you, you can make this dry mix ahead of time and store it in a sealed plastic bag or container until you are ready to make your bread.)\n\n#### To Prepare The Bread\n\n * Grease a 9-inch cast iron skillet and warm it over the fire coals (or stove on medium heat). (Your goal is to get the pan hot enough that the batter will sizzle when it hits the pan, but not so hot that the oil is smoking.)\n\n * Add some water to your dry bread mixture and mix just until a very thick batter forms.\n\n * Place the better into the warm skillet and press it to roughly 1 inch thick.\n\n * Cook the bread for 10-15 min. Once the bottom is a dark golden and the top of the batter is starting to dry out, flip the loaf.\n\n * Bake the loaf on the second side for 10-15 minutes. (If your bannock takes any less than 10 minutes to bake on a side before the crust starts to burn, then your heat is too hot and the outside is cooking faster than the inside. Move your pan to a cooler section of coals.)\n\n * Remove the pan from the coals and let the bread cool for 5-10 minutes before serving.\n\n### Notes\n\n*If using all all-purpose flour, you may need to add a little less water to your dough to get a good consistency.\n\nDon’t want to carry a pan camping with you? Make a thicker dough by using less\nwater. Wrap the dough around a stick and cook it over your campfire.\n\n### If you liked this recipe, here are some similar dishes you may enjoy!\n\n * Southern Sweet Potato Bread\n * Traditional Irish Soda Bread\n * Zucchini-Oat Yeast Bread\n * Pan de Coco (Honduran Coconut Bread)\n * Ensalada Rusa (Oliver Salad)\n * Greek Chicken Poutine\n * Avocado Sunflower Pesto\n * Moqueca (Brazilian Fish Stew)\n\nLove it? Share it!\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\n### Sarah Ozimek\n\nSarah is co-owner of Curious Cuisiniere and the chief researcher and recipe\ndeveloper for the site. Her love for cultural cuisines was instilled early by\nher French Canadian Grandmother. Her experience in the kitchen and in recipe\ndevelopment comes from years working in professional kitchens. She has\ntraveled extensively and enjoys bringing the flavors of her travels back to\ncreate easy-to-make recipes.\n\nTags\n\nTags\n\nQuick Bread\n\nPrevious\n\nYam Neua (Grilled Thai Beef Salad)\n\nNext\n\nCowboy Chili (Easy Texas Red Chili)\n\nClick here to cancel reply.\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\nBetty McIntosh\n\nWednesday 24th of February 2021\n\nHey, I was wondering. If you cook this in an iron skillet, how can you tell if\nthe bottom is too done or burning? Some have commented that they use the oven.\nDo you get the same results, and if so, what temperature is the oven set at?\nMy husband's family is Scottish, but he has never mentioned this bread. I make\nscones for him all the time. I would love to try this recipe, but I want to be\nsuccessful at it. Thank you so much for this interesting article.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nThursday 25th of February 2021\n\nHi Betty. The dough holds together well enough that you should be able to get\na spatula under it to take a peek at the bottom. We haven't done it in the\noven. But, I would try it at 350F for 20 minutes to start. (Tap the bread to\nbe sure it sounds hollow, or use a thermometer to temp it to 190F to know it's\ndone.)\n\nKen\n\nFriday 22nd of January 2021\n\nHey Sarah, may want to adjust the typo to 2 Tsps Teaspoons of Baking Powder.\nYou can fry in 1\" oil this mix too - in little dollops - can change fat to oil\nmix too.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nSaturday 23rd of January 2021\n\nHi Ken. Thanks for your comment! While 2 Tbsp (Tablespoons) may seem like a\nlot, it is correct for this recipe to get a good loft. And, you don't really\ntaste it in the final bread. If you are sensitive to the flavor of baking\nsoda, you could reduce it, but the bread may not rise as much.\n\nRaymond Murray\n\nSunday 17th of January 2021\n\nHi Sarah, Thankyou for your recipe and suggestions on cooking without a pan.\nMy ancestors and I are Scottish, by birth but I spend most of my time between\nNorthern England, North America and Serbia as my new wife is Serbian. I love\nthe outdoors in all these countries and though I had heard of Bannock bread\nfrom Ray Mears programs about 20 years ago had never tried it. And was\nsuprised to find out it was Scottish in origin. Anyhow decided to try it\ntonight indoors for a test run. And it turned out great so thanks again. Very\ntastey bread made easy without an oven. Cheers. or Slante as they say...\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nMonday 18th of January 2021\n\nSo glad you enjoyed it!\n\nLinda Weir\n\nMonday 23rd of November 2020\n\nI've lived in Ireland my whole life and this isn't a traditional bannock as I\nknow it. I'm in County Antrim the heart of Ulster/Scots country and a Bannock\nin both places is typically a round loaf always baked in the oven. It's made\nusing buttermilk and bicarbonate of soda or baking soda as a raising agent.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nSunday 6th of December 2020\n\nThanks for your comment Linda. From what I have read, the term has evolved\nover the years (decades) and in different regions. Thanks for sharing what it\nis like where you are!\n\nPedro\n\nFriday 16th of October 2020\n\nHello There. I discovered your blog using msn. That is a really well written\narticle. I will make sure to bookmark it and return to read more of your\nuseful info.\n\nThank you for the post. I'll definitely comeback.\n\nSarah Ozimek\n\nSaturday 17th of October 2020\n\nThank you Pedro. Hope you enjoy!\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\nWelcome to Curious Cuisiniere! Our passion is exploring the history and\nheritage of food around the world. Here you will find easy-to-follow cultural\nrecipes, highlighed with info to connect you to the dishes you cook. Where\nwill you travel today?\n\nExplore recipes inspired by global flavors: Africa | Asia | Australia |\nCentral America | Europe | Middle East | North America | South America\n\nThroughout our site you will find affiliate links to products we trust. Using\nan affiliate link doesn't cost you anything, but it does help support what we\ndo in a small way. Thanks for your support of Curious Cuisinière!\n\nCurious Cuisinière's Privacy Policy\n\nCopyright © 2021 Curious Cuisiniere | Trellis Framework by Mediavine\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210625130202/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/baking-in-the-wild-how-to-make-bannock-bread/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make Bannock Bread",
"passages": [
"How to Pack a Bag Using the Ranger RollHow to Rethread a Drawstring in Less Than 60 SecondsHow to Follow the Art of ManlinessHow to Countersink a Screw",
"Unless you’ve spent a lot of time in the woods on longer trips, you’re probably unfamiliar with bannock. Bannock is a Gaelic-rooted word that comes from the Latin panecium, which means baked things. Add a thousand years of passing the word from Hadrian’s soldiers to Scottish ones and you see how panecium became bannock.",
"A bannock is a small, flat loaf of bread risen by a leavening agent, most often a chemical one, although yeasty bannocks are sometimes baked, as in a sourdough recipe. They are meant to be cooked hearth-side, whether a fireplace or a campfire. They are simple, and in the woods, simple is good. Add some honey to some simple bread and after a few days or weeks of bagels and Wasa bread, it tastes like manna from heaven. It’s hot, light, and comforting.",
"About twenty years ago I shared a workspace with a really cool woman. Frieda ran across an article in an old, dog-eared copy of Outdoor Life regarding dutch ovens and skillet cooking. Freida thought I would like it. She was right.",
"Until then I had been using a bannock recipe that came from old-style camping legend, Calvin Rutstrum. Frankly, it was a chemical bomb using horrendous amounts of baking powder and no shortening, so it was dry and metallic. If anything contains a tablespoon of baking powder, run the other way unless you like the taste of aluminum.",
"I took home the recipes from the article and whipped up a few batches of bannock on the stovetop. It was a vast improvement over what I had been using. What’s better is that the basic recipe is also good for pancakes, fish batter, etc. Think Bisquick or Krusteaz without 10,000% of your daily recommended dosage of salt. Sure, you can use those pre-made mixes, but this recipe is so simple, it’s a shame to subject your tastebuds to pre-packaged sodium bombs.",
"1 cup flour (white or a mixture of white and whole wheat) 1 tsp. baking powder 1/4 tsp. salt 1/4 cup dry milk powder 1 tbsp. shortening",
"Make the mix at home ahead of time. Sift dry ingredients, and cut shortening in with a pastry cutter or two knives until you have a granular, corn meal- like mixture. Package in zip-lock freezer bags. Double bag it if you’re going to be on a long trip. I’ve found that you can make large batches at once and make enough bannock mix for a trip in about fifteen minutes. Just make sure you sift the dry ingredients well, so you don’t get leavening problems.",
"Baking bannock is relatively simple once you get the hang of it. Your first ones will be dark and maybe burnt on the outside and gooey on the inside. Don’t despair, just pretend it’s a jelly donut and try again. The key is a consistent heat. While flames don’t indicate a bad cooking fire, red glowing fires from hardwood are best.",
"2. Pour some water into the bag and squoosh it around in the bag (squooshing is a technical term). Because the water and baking powder form carbon dioxide to make the bread light, the faster you go from mixing to skillet, the lighter your bannock will be. There will be lumps, of course, but we call them flavor bursts. I say “some water” because how much you add depends on the humidity and of course, personal taste. You don’t want it any thinner than a muffin consistency. If you’ve never baked a muffin, think spackle. You can distribute the dough with a poke of a finger or a stick or a spoon if you’re the civilized sort. Remember, it’s always easier to add water than take it out, right?",
"3. Squeeze the mix out of the bag and onto the warmed pan (not scalding hot — if the oil is smoking, it’s way too hot). The pan can be warmed over the fire if you have a grate, or leaned against a few logs near the heat source. It shouldn’t hiss or sizzle like a pancake batter...that means things are too hot. Cool it off and be patient. The bread will start to rise slowly.",
"4. Your bannock will start to look loaf-like. At this point you’ll want to flip your loaf. A little shake of the pan and flick of the wrist can turn it over, but a spatula is fair game too. At this point, just keep turning it. You’ll know when it’s done. It’ll look a lot like the picture here.",
"If you have a lid, you can try to cook your bannock dutch oven-style and put coals onto your skillet lid. Otherwise, you can turn it over to cook the top (carefully!) or else when the bottom is done, prop the pan up against a log with the top facing the fire. This is my favorite sort of “semi-reflector- oven” method. I believe it also makes a lighter bannock.",
"Baking bread in the wilderness is about taking the comforts of home with you and enjoying yourself, not choking down some freeze-dried Hungarian goulash that tastes like wallpaper paste. You can still eat tasty grub while getting in touch with your wild man.",
"Darren Bush is the owner and Chief Paddling Evangelist of Rutabaga, but he’s also an amateur blacksmith, longbow shooter, and primitive skill aficionado. He believes primitive skills are highly undervalued in modern society.",
"The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.",
"We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make Bannock Bread | The Art of Manliness\n\nMenu podcast\n\n * Best Of\n * Gear\n * Gift Guides\n * Homeownership\n\nBest of Art of Manliness 2020The 5 Best AoM Podcast Episodes on Finding\nMeaning and PurposeThe Best AOM Podcast Episodes So Far in 2020The Best of Art\nof Manliness 2019\n\nAn Introduction to Grown-Man Walkie-TalkiesThe Incredible, Underrated Allen\nWrenchHow to Choose the Perfect Survival KnifeHow I Stopped Worrying and\nLearned to Love the Smartwatch\n\n7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\nGalHuckberry’s Top 15 Men’s Gift Ideas for 2020 (+Giveaway!)50 Stocking\nStuffer Ideas for MenThe 12 Days of Christmas Giveaways: Gifts Over $100\n\nHow to Properly Store Gas for DIY UseHow to Caulk Like a ProProtect Your Home\nBy Installing a Solar Timetable Light SwitchThe Biggest Key to Organizing Your\nGarage\n\nBrowse all Get Style\n\n * Fitness\n * Health\n * Program Review\n\nBro Basics: Lat PulldownsThe Herschel Walker WorkoutHow to Build a Home Gym on\nthe CheapPodcast #704: How to Keep Your Edge as You Get Older\n\nPodcast #715: What’s the Most Sustainable Diet?Podcast #708: Overcoming the\nComfort Crisis6 Lifesaving Skills Every Man Should KnowHow to Sauna: All the\nFAQs\n\nWhich Fitness Program Is Right for You?A Review of the MovNat\nWorkshopStrengthen Your Tribe: A Report on the Atomic Athlete VanguardITS\nTactical Muster Review\n\nBrowse all Get Strong\n\n * Family\n * Fatherhood\n * Relationships\n * Social Skills\n\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccountThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #448: Your Son Isn’t Lazy — How to\nEmpower Boys to SucceedHow to Tell Awesome Stories to Your Kids\n\nPodcast #717: The Fraught, Relatable Relationship Between Winston Churchill\nand His SonA Brief History of Father’s DayThe Best Quotes on Fatherhood5 Great\nPodcasts for Kids (That Are Enjoyable for Parents Too!)\n\nPodcast #707: Did You Pick the Right Partner?Podcast #702: One Man’s\nImpossible Quest — To Make Friends in AdulthoodHow to Write a Love\nLetterPodcast #670: The Hidden Tragedy of Male Loneliness\n\nPodcast #709: The Art of Conversation — A Guided Tour of a Neglected\nPleasureWhy We Like Some People and Don’t Like OthersSunday Firesides: Want to\nSolve Your Social Problems? Get Over Your SelfThe Art of Small Talk: 5\nQuestions Never to Ask\n\nBrowse all Get Social\n\n * How To\n * Manly Know-How\n * Outdoor/Survival\n\nHow to Pack a Bag Using the Ranger RollHow to Rethread a Drawstring in Less\nThan 60 SecondsHow to Follow the Art of ManlinessHow to Countersink a Screw\n\nHow to Effectively Dry Wet Shoes11 Secretive Spots to Hide Valuables in Your\nHomeA Crash Course in Real World Self-DefenseThe Simplifying Step Missing From\nYour Laundry Routine\n\nHow to Pack a Backpack for BackpackingPodcast #713: How to Predict the Weather\n(No Apps Required)9 Ways to Start a Fire Without MatchesHow to Build a\nCampfire That Will Last Through the Night\n\nBrowse all Get Skilled\n\nin: Food & Drink, Living\n\nGuest Contributor • April 4, 2011 • Last updated: June 1, 2021\n\n# Baking in the Wild: How to Make Bannock Bread\n\nEditor’s note: This is a guest post from Darren Bush.\n\nUnless you’ve spent a lot of time in the woods on longer trips, you’re\nprobably unfamiliar with bannock. Bannock is a Gaelic-rooted word that comes\nfrom the Latin panecium, which means baked things. Add a thousand years of\npassing the word from Hadrian’s soldiers to Scottish ones and you see how\npanecium became bannock.\n\nA bannock is a small, flat loaf of bread risen by a leavening agent, most\noften a chemical one, although yeasty bannocks are sometimes baked, as in a\nsourdough recipe. They are meant to be cooked hearth-side, whether a fireplace\nor a campfire. They are simple, and in the woods, simple is good. Add some\nhoney to some simple bread and after a few days or weeks of bagels and Wasa\nbread, it tastes like manna from heaven. It’s hot, light, and comforting.\n\nAbout twenty years ago I shared a workspace with a really cool woman. Frieda\nran across an article in an old, dog-eared copy of Outdoor Life regarding\ndutch ovens and skillet cooking. Freida thought I would like it. She was\nright.\n\nUntil then I had been using a bannock recipe that came from old-style camping\nlegend, Calvin Rutstrum. Frankly, it was a chemical bomb using horrendous\namounts of baking powder and no shortening, so it was dry and metallic. If\nanything contains a tablespoon of baking powder, run the other way unless you\nlike the taste of aluminum.\n\nI took home the recipes from the article and whipped up a few batches of\nbannock on the stovetop. It was a vast improvement over what I had been using.\nWhat’s better is that the basic recipe is also good for pancakes, fish batter,\netc. Think Bisquick or Krusteaz without 10,000% of your daily recommended\ndosage of salt. Sure, you can use those pre-made mixes, but this recipe is so\nsimple, it’s a shame to subject your tastebuds to pre-packaged sodium bombs.\n\n### How to Make Bannock Bread\n\nIngredients\n\n * Bannock Mix\n * Water\n\nBasic Bannock Mix\n\n1 cup flour (white or a mixture of white and whole wheat) 1 tsp. baking powder\n1/4 tsp. salt 1/4 cup dry milk powder 1 tbsp. shortening\n\nMake the mix at home ahead of time. Sift dry ingredients, and cut shortening\nin with a pastry cutter or two knives until you have a granular, corn meal-\nlike mixture. Package in zip-lock freezer bags. Double bag it if you’re going\nto be on a long trip. I’ve found that you can make large batches at once and\nmake enough bannock mix for a trip in about fifteen minutes. Just make sure\nyou sift the dry ingredients well, so you don’t get leavening problems.\n\nDirections\n\nBaking bannock is relatively simple once you get the hang of it. Your first\nones will be dark and maybe burnt on the outside and gooey on the inside.\nDon’t despair, just pretend it’s a jelly donut and try again. The key is a\nconsistent heat. While flames don’t indicate a bad cooking fire, red glowing\nfires from hardwood are best.\n\n1\\. Start with a small cast iron frying pan and oil it well.\n\n2\\. Pour some water into the bag and squoosh it around in the bag (squooshing\nis a technical term). Because the water and baking powder form carbon dioxide\nto make the bread light, the faster you go from mixing to skillet, the lighter\nyour bannock will be. There will be lumps, of course, but we call them flavor\nbursts. I say “some water” because how much you add depends on the humidity\nand of course, personal taste. You don’t want it any thinner than a muffin\nconsistency. If you’ve never baked a muffin, think spackle. You can distribute\nthe dough with a poke of a finger or a stick or a spoon if you’re the\ncivilized sort. Remember, it’s always easier to add water than take it out,\nright?\n\n3\\. Squeeze the mix out of the bag and onto the warmed pan (not scalding hot —\nif the oil is smoking, it’s way too hot). The pan can be warmed over the fire\nif you have a grate, or leaned against a few logs near the heat source. It\nshouldn’t hiss or sizzle like a pancake batter...that means things are too\nhot. Cool it off and be patient. The bread will start to rise slowly.\n\n4\\. Your bannock will start to look loaf-like. At this point you’ll want to\nflip your loaf. A little shake of the pan and flick of the wrist can turn it\nover, but a spatula is fair game too. At this point, just keep turning it.\nYou’ll know when it’s done. It’ll look a lot like the picture here.\n\nIf you have a lid, you can try to cook your bannock dutch oven-style and put\ncoals onto your skillet lid. Otherwise, you can turn it over to cook the top\n(carefully!) or else when the bottom is done, prop the pan up against a log\nwith the top facing the fire. This is my favorite sort of “semi-reflector-\noven” method. I believe it also makes a lighter bannock.\n\nBaking bread in the wilderness is about taking the comforts of home with you\nand enjoying yourself, not choking down some freeze-dried Hungarian goulash\nthat tastes like wallpaper paste. You can still eat tasty grub while getting\nin touch with your wild man.\n\n___________________________________________________________________________________\n\nDarren Bush is the owner and Chief Paddling Evangelist of Rutabaga, but he’s\nalso an amateur blacksmith, longbow shooter, and primitive skill aficionado.\nHe believes primitive skills are highly undervalued in modern society.\n\n### Related Articles\n\nTags: Recipes\n\nPrevious Next\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\n\nJoin the Strenuous Life\n\nLearn More\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nPodcast #358\n\n###### The Stranger in the Woods — The Story of the Last True Hermit\n\nPodcast #717\n\n###### The Fraught, Relatable Relationship Between Winston Churchill and His\nSon\n\nPodcast #716\n\n###### How to Make Your Life More Effortless\n\nPodcast #715\n\n###### What’s the Most Sustainable Diet?\n\nView all\n\nRelated\n\nArticles///\n\n### Why Every Man Should Have 3 Signature Dishes\n\n### 18 Things Every Man Should Do This Summer\n\n### The Best Order to Stack Your Burger Toppings\n\n### How to Create a Soundtrack for Your Life\n\nView all\n\nTake action today\n\nJoin The Strenuous Life\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\n\n * Contact\n * Legal\n * About\n * All Topics\n * Archives\n\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\nAoM.\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkPrivacy policy\n\n"
}
] |
1,239,401 | How To Stop Shoulder Pains | To stop shoulder pains, apply ice to your shoulder for 10-15 minutes every hour until the pain and swelling subside. Just make sure you wrap the ice or frozen gel pack in a thin towel so you don't get frostbite. If you're suffering from a strained muscle, you can relieve pain by doing some light shoulder stretches. For example, try reaching around the front of your body and grabbing your opposite elbow, pulling on the back of it until you feel a stretch. You can also take over-the-counter pain medications, like ibuprofen, but avoid taking them for longer than 2 weeks. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151019073227/http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171106114302/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00065",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210526083940/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/stretching/art-20047931",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20141217124548/http://mghsportsmedicine.org/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160211195356/http://www.saltworks.us:80/salt_info/epsom-uses-benefits.asp",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180804001859/http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127173149/https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411131207/https://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article/1",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170916190511/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=A00066",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171113000721/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00064",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506041332/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418061338/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160623044213/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/tests-procedures/cortisone-shots/basics/definition/prc-20014455",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518231358/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/stress-management/in-depth/massage/art-20045743",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180121124147/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/acupuncture/basics/definition/prc-20020778"
] | train | 1,885 | [
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"original_url": "http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151019073227/http://health.clevelandclinic.org/2015/01/how-to-keep-sore-hips-knees-shoulders-from-ruining-your-sleep/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep",
"passages": [
"If you roll out of bed bleary-eyed each day, thinking, “Oh, my aching [insert painful joint here],” you’re not alone.",
"Research shows that between 50 and 90 percent of people with chronic joint pain don’t sleep well. And, that sleep deprivation can lead to other health issues, including low energy, mood disorders and eating problems.",
"If you have chronic pain in your hips, knees or shoulders, there are things you can do to limit how much the discomfort affects your nighttime rest, says Michael Schaefer, MD, Director of Musculoskeletal Physical Medicine & Rehabilitation at Cleveland Clinic.",
"“A healthy brain is a well-rested brain. It can deal better with pain, such as arthritis, on an ongoing basis,” he says. “Lack of sleep, on the other hand, can directly affect your mood, and a bad mood can make it harder to cope with pain. This can become a vicious cycle.”",
"Some problems with broken sleep patterns are normal as we age, Dr. Schaefer says, but you shouldn’t wake up and stay awake every night because of pain. If that’s your situation, consult your primary care physician.",
"“If the pain goes on for more than three or four days in a row or intermittently for two to three weeks, it’s time to get it addressed,” he says. “If the pain is so severe that you require alcohol or over-the-counter sleep aids to fall sleep, then it’s worth getting it looked at.”",
"Finding the right position can be the most crucial part of avoiding pain during sleep. Twisting and turning to find a comfortable spot is normal, Dr. Schaefer says, but even the slightest twinge of pain can disrupt your rest. He recommends you start out sleeping on your side – avoiding a sore shoulder if you have one – with a pillow between your legs. Try to avoid lying flat on your back.",
"Side-sleeping won’t work for all shoulder pain, though. Minimize that discomfort by wrapping your arm in a bandage or wearing a sling to bed. It will keep your arm immobile and prevent you from sleeping with your arm in an awkward position.",
"There are additional, pain-specific steps you can take to decrease nighttime discomfort, Dr. Schaefer says. He also offers some general sleep recommendations to help nearly anyone, not only pain sufferers.",
"Find the right mattress. For back, hip and knee pain, Dr. Schaefer recommends a firm mattress. Add a foam pad on top if you need it to help evenly distribute your weight and keep your joints in alignment.",
"Take appropriate medication. If you’re using regular acetaminophen or ibuprofen and your pain breaks through the night, consider switching to a different pain reliever. Dr. Schaefer recommends pain killers that last between 12 and 24 hours, such as naproxen (Aleve®).",
"Maintain good sleep hygiene. Keep your sleep schedule as consistent as possible – turn off the television, put all electronics away, turn off lights and keep your room as quiet as you can.",
"Avoid substance aids. Alcohol might make you drowsy, but it won’t give you restful sleep. People often wake up after a few hours of drinking.",
"Minimize how often you use over-the-counter sleep aids. If you take them too long, you’ll need higher doses and may have trouble breaking this habit.",
"Do low-impact exercises. Regularly scheduled low-impact exercise, such as walking, bicycling or swimming, can help with both pain and sleep disorders.",
"Normal joint pain, especially in the hips, knees and shoulders, frequently worsens at night, he says. Your sleep position and the alignment of your body are responsible for most of the pain, but some comes from being so still at night.",
"“Joints swell at night, and motion gradually lubricates them and keeps the fluids moving round,” Dr. Schaefer says. “When you stop moving, they can swell more.” This can cause stiffness and pain, he says.",
"Cleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our blog helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic products or services.",
"Holly L. Thacker, MD, Director of the Center for Specialized Women's Health and Executive Director of Speaking of Women’s Health, is nationally known for her leadership in women's health.",
"Richard E Gans, M.D., FACS joined the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute in 2004. He is an accomplished surgeon and a comprehensive ophthalmologist."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep - Health\nEssentials from Cleveland Clinic\n\nSkip to content\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n## How to Keep Sore Hips, Knees, Shoulders from Ruining Your Sleep\n\nJanuary 28, 2015 / By Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\n\nIf you roll out of bed bleary-eyed each day, thinking, “Oh, my aching [insert\npainful joint here],” you’re not alone.\n\nResearch shows that between 50 and 90 percent of people with chronic joint\npain don’t sleep well. And, that sleep deprivation can lead to other health\nissues, including low energy, mood disorders and eating problems.\n\nIf you have chronic pain in your hips, knees or shoulders, there are things\nyou can do to limit how much the discomfort affects your nighttime rest, says\nMichael Schaefer, MD, Director of Musculoskeletal Physical Medicine &\nRehabilitation at Cleveland Clinic.\n\n“A healthy brain is a well-rested brain. It can deal better with pain, such as\narthritis, on an ongoing basis,” he says. “Lack of sleep, on the other hand,\ncan directly affect your mood, and a bad mood can make it harder to cope with\npain. This can become a vicious cycle.”\n\n### When you need a doctor\n\nSome problems with broken sleep patterns are normal as we age, Dr. Schaefer\nsays, but you shouldn’t wake up and stay awake every night because of pain. If\nthat’s your situation, consult your primary care physician.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n“If the pain goes on for more than three or four days in a row or\nintermittently for two to three weeks, it’s time to get it addressed,” he\nsays. “If the pain is so severe that you require alcohol or over-the-counter\nsleep aids to fall sleep, then it’s worth getting it looked at.”\n\nSee your doctor if you have joint pain and:\n\n * The pain isn’t in a typical spot for arthritis\n * You’re losing weight unexpectedly\n * Have a fever or chills\n * Experience night sweats\n * Have a history of cancer\n\nAny of those problems can indicate a more serious condition in need of\nimmediate medical attention, Dr. Schaefer says.\n\n### Get into a good sleep position\n\nFinding the right position can be the most crucial part of avoiding pain\nduring sleep. Twisting and turning to find a comfortable spot is normal, Dr.\nSchaefer says, but even the slightest twinge of pain can disrupt your rest. He\nrecommends you start out sleeping on your side – avoiding a sore shoulder if\nyou have one – with a pillow between your legs. Try to avoid lying flat on\nyour back.\n\nSide-sleeping won’t work for all shoulder pain, though. Minimize that\ndiscomfort by wrapping your arm in a bandage or wearing a sling to bed. It\nwill keep your arm immobile and prevent you from sleeping with your arm in an\nawkward position.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n### Other tips offer sleep relief for all\n\nThere are additional, pain-specific steps you can take to decrease nighttime\ndiscomfort, Dr. Schaefer says. He also offers some general sleep\nrecommendations to help nearly anyone, not only pain sufferers.\n\n * Find the right mattress. For back, hip and knee pain, Dr. Schaefer recommends a firm mattress. Add a foam pad on top if you need it to help evenly distribute your weight and keep your joints in alignment.\n * Take appropriate medication. If you’re using regular acetaminophen or ibuprofen and your pain breaks through the night, consider switching to a different pain reliever. Dr. Schaefer recommends pain killers that last between 12 and 24 hours, such as naproxen (Aleve®).\n * Maintain good sleep hygiene. Keep your sleep schedule as consistent as possible – turn off the television, put all electronics away, turn off lights and keep your room as quiet as you can.\n * Avoid substance aids. Alcohol might make you drowsy, but it won’t give you restful sleep. People often wake up after a few hours of drinking.\n * Minimize how often you use over-the-counter sleep aids. If you take them too long, you’ll need higher doses and may have trouble breaking this habit.\n * Do low-impact exercises. Regularly scheduled low-impact exercise, such as walking, bicycling or swimming, can help with both pain and sleep disorders.\n\n### Why sleep can hurt\n\nNormal joint pain, especially in the hips, knees and shoulders, frequently\nworsens at night, he says. Your sleep position and the alignment of your body\nare responsible for most of the pain, but some comes from being so still at\nnight.\n\n“Joints swell at night, and motion gradually lubricates them and keeps the\nfluids moving round,” Dr. Schaefer says. “When you stop moving, they can swell\nmore.” This can cause stiffness and pain, he says.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nTags: chronic pain, hip pain, knee pain, shoulder pain, sleep\n\n### Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Chiropractic Care: Safe for Sprains, Strains and Pains\n * Does Weather Trigger Migraines? (Video)\n * Don’t Let Back Pain Beat You On the Golf Course\n\n### More from Bone, Muscle & Joint Team\n\n * Understanding the Labels on Your Over-the-Counter Meds\n * These Injections Can Help Your Chronic Muscle and Joint Pain\n * 4 Best Ways to Prevent Infection From Joint Replacement\n\nCleveland Clinc now offers same-day appointments. Get the care you need, right\naway at 888.223.CARE\n\nSame-Day Appointments\n\n * Find a Doctor\n * Request an Appointment\n * Contact Us\n\n * Lucy\n\nExcellent information on sleep when in pain. Thanks you.\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nCleveland Clinic is a non-profit academic medical center. Advertising on our\nblog helps support our mission. We do not endorse non-Cleveland Clinic\nproducts or services.\n\nPolicy\n\n### Most Popular\n\n * 1 Gastroparesis: Know the Risk Factors for This Mysterious Stomach Condition\n * 2 Does Your Skin Have Tiny White Bumps? Leave Them Alone\n * 3 8 Possible Causes for That Metallic Taste in Your Mouth\n * 4 3 Types of Chest Pain That Won’t Kill You\n * 5 How to Beat Weight Gain After Menopause\n\n### Featured Experts\n\n * #### Scott Burg, DO\n\nScott Burg, DO, is a staff rheumatologist who specializes in osteoarthritis,\nrheumatoid arthritis, gout, osteoporosis and golf injuries.\n\n * #### Holly L. Thacker, MD\n\nHolly L. Thacker, MD, Director of the Center for Specialized Women's Health\nand Executive Director of Speaking of Women’s Health, is nationally known for\nher leadership in women's health.\n\n * #### Sue Cotey and Andrea Harris, RNs\n\nSue Cotey, RN, CDE, and Andrea Harris, RN, CDE, are Diabetes Educators with\nthe Lennon Diabetes Center at the Stephanie Tubbs Jones Health Center. Sue is\nthe Program Coordinator.\n\n * #### Cancer Answer Nurses\n\nJamie Schwachter, BSN, MSN, NP-C and Josette Snyder, RN, MSN, AOCN are\nAdvanced Practice Nurses for Cleveland Clinic Taussig Cancer Institute’s\nCancer Answer Line.\n\n * #### Richard Gans, MD\n\nRichard E Gans, M.D., FACS joined the Cleveland Clinic Cole Eye Institute in\n2004. He is an accomplished surgeon and a comprehensive ophthalmologist.\n\nView All\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nAvatars by Sterling Adventures\n\nAdvertising Policy\n\nWe comply with the HONCode standard for trustworthy health information: verify\nhere.\n\nCleveland Clinic © 1995-2015. All Rights Reserved. 9500 Euclid Avenue,\nCleveland, Ohio 44195 | 800.223.2273 | TTY 216.444.0261\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171106114302/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00065",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Shoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems-OrthoInfo",
"passages": [
"This article is also available in Spanish: Dolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombroDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro (topic.cfm?topic=A00704).",
"What most people call the shoulder is really several joints that combine with tendons and muscles to allow a wide range of motion in the arm — from scratching your back to throwing the perfect pitch.",
"Mobility has its price, however. It may lead to increasing problems with instability or impingement of the soft tissue or bony structures in your shoulder, resulting in pain. You may feel pain only when you move your shoulder, or all of the time. The pain may be temporary or it may continue and require medical diagnosis and treatment.",
"This article explains some of the common causes of shoulder pain, as well as some general treatment options. Your doctor can give you more detailed information about your shoulder pain.",
"Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle).",
"The head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder blade. This socket is called the glenoid. A combination of muscles and tendons keeps your arm bone centered in your shoulder socket. These tissues are called the rotator cuff. They cover the head of your upper arm bone and attach it to your shoulder blade.",
"Bursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that are located in joints throughout the body, including the shoulder. They act as cushions between bones and the overlying soft tissues, and help reduce friction between the gliding muscles and the bone.",
"Sometimes, excessive use of the shoulder leads to inflammation and swelling of the bursa between the rotator cuff and part of the shoulder blade known as the acromion. The result is a condition known as subacromial bursitis. Bursitis often occurs in association with rotator cuff tendinitis. The many tissues in the shoulder can become inflamed and painful. Many daily activities, such as combing your hair or getting dressed, may become difficult.",
"A tendon is a cord that connects muscle to bone. Most tendinitis is a result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time, much like the wearing process on the sole of a shoe that eventually splits from overuse.",
"The most commonly affected tendons in the shoulder are the four rotator cuff tendons and one of the biceps tendons. The rotator cuff is made up of four small muscles and their tendons that cover the head of your upper arm bone and keep it in the shoulder socket. Your rotator cuff helps provide shoulder motion and stability.",
"Splitting and tearing of tendons may result from acute injury or degenerative changes in the tendons due to advancing age, long-term overuse and wear and tear, or a sudden injury. These tears may be partial or may completely split the tendon into two pieces. In most cases of complete tears, the tendon is pulled away from its attachment to the bone. Rotator cuff and biceps tendon injuries are among the most common of these injuries.",
"Shoulder impingement occurs when the top of the shoulder blade (acromion) puts pressure on the underlying soft tissues when the arm is lifted away from the body. As the arm is lifted, the acromion rubs, or \"impinges\" on, the rotator cuff tendons and bursa. This can lead to bursitis and tendinitis, causing pain and limiting movement. Over time, severe impingement can even lead to a rotator cuff tear.",
"Shoulder instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of a sudden injury or from overuse.",
"Shoulder dislocations can be partial, with the ball of the upper arm coming just partially out of the socket. This is called a subluxation. A complete dislocation means the ball comes all the way out of the socket.",
"Once the ligaments, tendons, and muscles around the shoulder become loose or torn, dislocations can occur repeatedly. Recurring dislocations, which may be partial or complete, cause pain and unsteadiness when you raise your arm or move it away from your body. Repeated episodes of subluxations or dislocations lead to an increased risk of developing arthritis in the joint.",
"Shoulder pain can also result from arthritis. There are many types of arthritis. The most common type of arthritis in the shoulder is osteoarthritis, also known as \"wear and tear\" arthritis. Symptoms, such as swelling, pain, and stiffness, typically begin during middle age. Osteoarthritis develops slowly and the pain it causes worsens over time.",
"Osteoarthritis, may be related to sports or work injuries and chronic wear and tear. Other types of arthritis can be related to rotator cuff tears, infection, or an inflammation of the joint lining.",
"Often people will avoid shoulder movements in an attempt to lessen arthritis pain. This sometimes leads to a tightening or stiffening of the soft tissue parts of the joint, resulting in a painful restriction of motion.",
"Shoulder fractures in older patients are often the result of a fall from standing height. In younger patients, shoulder fractures are often caused by a high energy injury, such as a motor vehicle accident or contact sports injury.",
"In the case of an acute injury causing intense pain, seek medical care as soon as possible. If the pain is less severe, it may be safe to rest a few days to see if time will resolve the problem. If symptoms persist, see a doctor.",
"Your doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation in order to determine the cause of your shoulder pain and provide you with treatment options.",
"The first step in the evaluation is a thorough medical history. Your doctor may ask how and when the pain started, whether it has occurred before and how it was treated, and other questions to help determine both your general health and the possible causes of your shoulder problem. Because most shoulder conditions are aggravated by specific activities, and relieved by specific activities, a medical history can be a valuable tool in finding the source of your pain.",
"A comprehensive examination will be required to find the causes of your shoulder pain. Your doctor will look for physical abnormalities, swelling, deformity or muscle weakness, and check for tender areas. He or she will observe your shoulder range of motion and strength.",
"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Thes imaging studies create better pictures of soft tissues. It may help your doctor identify injuries to the ligaments and tendons surrounding your shoulder joint.",
"Computed tomography (CT) scan. This tool combines x-rays with computer technology to produce a very detailed view of the bones in the shoulder area.",
"Arthrogram. During this x-ray study, dye is injected into the shoulder to better show the joint and its surrounding muscles and tendons.",
"Arthroscopy. In this surgical procedure, your doctor looks inside the joint with a fiber-optic camera. Arthroscopy may show soft tissue injuries that are not apparent from the physical examination, x-rays, and other tests. In addition to helping find the cause of pain, arthroscopy may be used to correct the problem.",
"Treatment generally involves rest, altering your activities, and physical therapy to help you improve shoulder strength and flexibility. Common sense solutions such as avoiding overexertion or overdoing activities in which you normally do not participate can help to prevent shoulder pain.",
"Your doctor may prescribe medication to reduce inflammation and pain. If medication is prescribed to relieve pain, it should be taken only as directed. Your doctor may also recommend injections of numbing medicines or steroids to relieve pain.",
"Surgery may be required to resolve some shoulder problems; however, 90 percent of patients with shoulder pain will respond to simple treatment methods such as altering activities, rest, exercise, and medication.",
"Certain types of shoulder problems, such as recurring dislocations and some rotator cuff tears, may not benefit from exercise. In these cases, surgery may be recommended fairly early.",
"Surgery can involve arthroscopy to remove scar tissue or repair torn tissues, or traditional, open procedures for larger reconstructions or shoulder replacement.",
"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.",
"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Shoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems-OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2010 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nShoulder Pain and Common Shoulder Problems\n\nThis article is also available in Spanish: Dolor de hombro y problemas comunes\ndel hombroDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n(topic.cfm?topic=A00704).\n\nWhat most people call the shoulder is really several joints that combine with\ntendons and muscles to allow a wide range of motion in the arm — from\nscratching your back to throwing the perfect pitch.\n\nMobility has its price, however. It may lead to increasing problems with\ninstability or impingement of the soft tissue or bony structures in your\nshoulder, resulting in pain. You may feel pain only when you move your\nshoulder, or all of the time. The pain may be temporary or it may continue and\nrequire medical diagnosis and treatment.\n\nThis article explains some of the common causes of shoulder pain, as well as\nsome general treatment options. Your doctor can give you more detailed\ninformation about your shoulder pain.\n\nAnatomy\n\nThis simplified illustration of the shoulder highlights the major components\nof the joint.\n\nYour shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your\nshoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle).\n\nThe head of your upper arm bone fits into a rounded socket in your shoulder\nblade. This socket is called the glenoid. A combination of muscles and tendons\nkeeps your arm bone centered in your shoulder socket. These tissues are called\nthe rotator cuff. They cover the head of your upper arm bone and attach it to\nyour shoulder blade.\n\nTop of page\n\nCause\n\nMost shoulder problems fall into four major categories:\n\n * Tendon inflammation (bursitis or tendinitis) or tendon tear\n * Instability\n * Arthritis\n * Fracture (broken bone)\n\nOther much less common causes of shoulder pain are tumors, infection, and\nnerve-related problems.\n\n#### Bursitis\n\nBursae are small, fluid-filled sacs that are located in joints throughout the\nbody, including the shoulder. They act as cushions between bones and the\noverlying soft tissues, and help reduce friction between the gliding muscles\nand the bone.\n\nSometimes, excessive use of the shoulder leads to inflammation and swelling of\nthe bursa between the rotator cuff and part of the shoulder blade known as the\nacromion. The result is a condition known as subacromial bursitis. Bursitis\noften occurs in association with rotator cuff tendinitis. The many tissues in\nthe shoulder can become inflamed and painful. Many daily activities, such as\ncombing your hair or getting dressed, may become difficult.\n\n#### Tendinitis\n\nA tendon is a cord that connects muscle to bone. Most tendinitis is a result\nof a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time, much like the\nwearing process on the sole of a shoe that eventually splits from overuse.\n\nGenerally, tendinitis is one of two types:\n\n * Acute. Excessive ball throwing or other overhead activities during work or sport can lead to acute tendinitis.\n * Chronic. Degenerative diseases like arthritis or repetitive wear and tear due to age, can lead to chronic tendinitis.\n\nThe most commonly affected tendons in the shoulder are the four rotator cuff\ntendons and one of the biceps tendons. The rotator cuff is made up of four\nsmall muscles and their tendons that cover the head of your upper arm bone and\nkeep it in the shoulder socket. Your rotator cuff helps provide shoulder\nmotion and stability.\n\n#### Tendon Tears\n\nSplitting and tearing of tendons may result from acute injury or degenerative\nchanges in the tendons due to advancing age, long-term overuse and wear and\ntear, or a sudden injury. These tears may be partial or may completely split\nthe tendon into two pieces. In most cases of complete tears, the tendon is\npulled away from its attachment to the bone. Rotator cuff and biceps tendon\ninjuries are among the most common of these injuries.\n\n#### Impingement\n\nShoulder impingement occurs when the top of the shoulder blade (acromion) puts\npressure on the underlying soft tissues when the arm is lifted away from the\nbody. As the arm is lifted, the acromion rubs, or \"impinges\" on, the rotator\ncuff tendons and bursa. This can lead to bursitis and tendinitis, causing pain\nand limiting movement. Over time, severe impingement can even lead to a\nrotator cuff tear.\n\n#### Instability\n\nShoulder instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out\nof the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of a sudden injury or from\noveruse.\n\nShoulder dislocations can be partial, with the ball of the upper arm coming\njust partially out of the socket. This is called a subluxation. A complete\ndislocation means the ball comes all the way out of the socket.\n\nOnce the ligaments, tendons, and muscles around the shoulder become loose or\ntorn, dislocations can occur repeatedly. Recurring dislocations, which may be\npartial or complete, cause pain and unsteadiness when you raise your arm or\nmove it away from your body. Repeated episodes of subluxations or dislocations\nlead to an increased risk of developing arthritis in the joint.\n\n#### Arthritis\n\nShoulder pain can also result from arthritis. There are many types of\narthritis. The most common type of arthritis in the shoulder is\nosteoarthritis, also known as \"wear and tear\" arthritis. Symptoms, such as\nswelling, pain, and stiffness, typically begin during middle age.\nOsteoarthritis develops slowly and the pain it causes worsens over time.\n\nOsteoarthritis, may be related to sports or work injuries and chronic wear and\ntear. Other types of arthritis can be related to rotator cuff tears,\ninfection, or an inflammation of the joint lining.\n\nOften people will avoid shoulder movements in an attempt to lessen arthritis\npain. This sometimes leads to a tightening or stiffening of the soft tissue\nparts of the joint, resulting in a painful restriction of motion.\n\n#### Fracture\n\nFractures are broken bones. Shoulder fractures commonly involve the clavicle\n(collarbone), humerus (upper arm bone), and scapula (shoulder blade).\n\nShoulder fractures in older patients are often the result of a fall from\nstanding height. In younger patients, shoulder fractures are often caused by a\nhigh energy injury, such as a motor vehicle accident or contact sports injury.\n\nFractures often cause severe pain, swelling, and bruising about the shoulder.\n\nTop of page\n\nDoctor's Examination\n\nIn the case of an acute injury causing intense pain, seek medical care as soon\nas possible. If the pain is less severe, it may be safe to rest a few days to\nsee if time will resolve the problem. If symptoms persist, see a doctor.\n\nYour doctor will conduct a thorough evaluation in order to determine the cause\nof your shoulder pain and provide you with treatment options.\n\n#### Medical History\n\nThe first step in the evaluation is a thorough medical history. Your doctor\nmay ask how and when the pain started, whether it has occurred before and how\nit was treated, and other questions to help determine both your general health\nand the possible causes of your shoulder problem. Because most shoulder\nconditions are aggravated by specific activities, and relieved by specific\nactivities, a medical history can be a valuable tool in finding the source of\nyour pain.\n\n#### Physical Examination\n\nA comprehensive examination will be required to find the causes of your\nshoulder pain. Your doctor will look for physical abnormalities, swelling,\ndeformity or muscle weakness, and check for tender areas. He or she will\nobserve your shoulder range of motion and strength.\n\n#### Tests\n\nYour doctor may order specific tests to help identify the cause of your pain\nand any other problems.\n\nX-rays. These pictures will show any injuries to the bones that make up your\nshoulder joint.\n\nMagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and ultrasound. Thes imaging studies create\nbetter pictures of soft tissues. It may help your doctor identify injuries to\nthe ligaments and tendons surrounding your shoulder joint.\n\nComputed tomography (CT) scan. This tool combines x-rays with computer\ntechnology to produce a very detailed view of the bones in the shoulder area.\n\nElectrical studies. Your doctor may order a tests, such as the EMG\n(electromyogram), to evaluate nerve function.\n\nArthrogram. During this x-ray study, dye is injected into the shoulder to\nbetter show the joint and its surrounding muscles and tendons.\n\nArthroscopy. In this surgical procedure, your doctor looks inside the joint\nwith a fiber-optic camera. Arthroscopy may show soft tissue injuries that are\nnot apparent from the physical examination, x-rays, and other tests. In\naddition to helping find the cause of pain, arthroscopy may be used to correct\nthe problem.\n\nTop of page\n\nTreatment\n\n#### Activity Changes\n\nTreatment generally involves rest, altering your activities, and physical\ntherapy to help you improve shoulder strength and flexibility. Common sense\nsolutions such as avoiding overexertion or overdoing activities in which you\nnormally do not participate can help to prevent shoulder pain.\n\n#### Medications\n\nYour doctor may prescribe medication to reduce inflammation and pain. If\nmedication is prescribed to relieve pain, it should be taken only as directed.\nYour doctor may also recommend injections of numbing medicines or steroids to\nrelieve pain.\n\n#### Surgery\n\nSurgery may be required to resolve some shoulder problems; however, 90 percent\nof patients with shoulder pain will respond to simple treatment methods such\nas altering activities, rest, exercise, and medication.\n\nCertain types of shoulder problems, such as recurring dislocations and some\nrotator cuff tears, may not benefit from exercise. In these cases, surgery may\nbe recommended fairly early.\n\nSurgery can involve arthroscopy to remove scar tissue or repair torn tissues,\nor traditional, open procedures for larger reconstructions or shoulder\nreplacement.\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: December 2010\n\nContributed and/or Updated by: Benjamin Widmer, MD\n\nPeer-Reviewed by: George S. Athwal, MD; Stuart J. Fischer, MD; J. Michael\nWiater, MD\n\nContributor Disclosure Information\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2010 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears\n\nRotator Cuff Tears (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00064)\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00222)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00529)\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00031)\n\nArthroscopy\n\nArthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00109)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00394)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00704)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n(/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears\n\nRotator Cuff Tears (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00064)\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder\n\nArthritis of the Shoulder (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00222)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n\nChronic Shoulder Instability\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00529)\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n\nBiceps Tendon Tear at the Shoulder\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00031)\n\nArthroscopy\n\nArthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00109)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n\nShoulder Trauma (Fractures and Dislocations)\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00394)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n\nDolor de hombro y problemas comunes del hombro\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00704)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n\nWellness: Shoulder and Rotator Cuff Exercise Conditioning Program\n(/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\n\n"
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"Epsom salt, named for a bitter saline spring at Epsom in Surrey, England, is not actually salt but a naturally occurring pure mineral compound of magnesium and sulfate. Long known as a natural remedy for a number of ailments, Epsom salt has numerous health benefits as well as many beauty, household and gardening-related uses.",
"Studies have shown that magnesium and sulfate are both readily absorbed through the skin, making Epsom salt baths an easy and ideal way to enjoy the amazing health benefits (*1). Magnesium plays a number of roles in the body including regulating the activity of over 325 enzymes, reducing inflammation, helping muscle and nerve function and helping to prevent artery hardening. Sulfates help improve the absorption of nutrients, flush toxins and help ease migraine headaches.",
"The wonders of Epsom salt have been well known for hundreds of years and unlike other salts, Epsom salt has beneficial properties that can soothe the body, mind and soul. Some of the countless health benefits include relaxing the nervous system, curing skin problems, soothing back pain and aching limbs, easing muscle strain, healing cuts, treating cold and congestion, and drawing toxins from the body. One of the simplest ways to ease stress and stress- related problems is to soak in a tub full of hot water with a few cups of Ultra Epsom® Salt. Some of the magical benefits of Epsom salt include:",
"Stress drains the body of magnesium and increases levels of adrenaline. When dissolved in warm water, Epsom salt is absorbed through the skin and replenishes the level of magnesium in the body. The magnesium helps to produce serotonin, a mood-elevating chemical within the brain that creates a feeling of calm and relaxation. Research shows that magnesium also increases energy and stamina by encouraging the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the energy packets made in the cells. Experts believe that bathing with Epsom salt at least three times a week helps you to look better, feel better and gain more energy. Magnesium ions also relax and reduce irritability by lowering the effects of adrenaline. They create a relaxed feeling, improve sleep and concentration, and help muscles and nerves to function properly.",
"An Epsom salt bath is known to ease pain and relieve inflammation, making it beneficial in the treatment of sore muscles, bronchial asthma and migraine headaches. In addition, it has been known to heal cuts and reduce soreness from childbirth. Mix a thick paste of Epsom salt with hot water and apply to get soothing comfort. Try soaking your aching, tired (and smelly) feet in a tub of water with half a cup of our Ultra Epsom Salt. Epsom salt softens skin and will even neutralize foot odor.",
"Numerous studies have revealed that Epsom salt can be used to treat constipation. Taken internally, Epson salt acts as a detoxifying agent for colon cleansing. The salt acts like a laxative by increasing water in the intestines and can bring about temporary relief from constipation. However, it is strictly warned that Epsom salts should not be used to relieve constipation without the consultation of a physician.",
"The sulfates in Epsom salt help flush toxins and heavy metals from the cells, easing muscle pain and helping the body to eliminate harmful substances. Your skin is a highly porous membrane and adding the right minerals to your bathwater triggers a process called reverse osmosis, which actually pulls salt out of your body, and harmful toxins along with it. For a detoxifying bath, at least once weekly add two cups of our Ultra Epsom Salt to the water in a bathtub and soak for 10 minutes.",
"Whether you like a relaxing soak or wish to enhance your beauty effortlessly, making Epsom salt a part of your daily routine can add a whole lot of goodness to your way of life. To experience the numerous health benefits of Epsom salt, take relaxing, stress-relieving Epsom salt baths three times weekly by adding 2 cups Ultra Epsom Salt to a warm bath and soaking for at least 12 minutes. For the added benefit of moisturizing your skin, add 1/2 cup olive oil or baby oil. Do not use soap as it will interfere with the action of the salts. Try to rest for about two hours afterwards. If you have arthritic joints move them as much as possible after an Epsom salt bath to prevent congestion in the joints.",
"As a foot bath, pamper weary feet by adding 1/2 cup of Epsom salt to a basin of warm water. Relax and soak feet for 20 minutes. If you like, rub away any calluses using a pumice stone. Dry feet, then add two drops of peppermint essential oil to your favorite natural moisturizer, like shea or coconut butter, and rub in thoroughly to lock in the moisture. If you are pregnant or have any health concerns, check with your doctor before using Epsom salts.",
"Treat toenail fungus - Soak your affected toes in hot water mixed with a handful of Epsom salt three times a day.",
"Soothe sprains and bruises - Add 2 cups Epsom salt to a warm bath and soak to reduce the pain and swelling of sprains and bruises.",
"Ease discomfort of Gout - Ease the discomfort of gout and reduce inflammation by adding 2-3 teaspoons of Epsom salts into a basin and immersing the affected foot/joint. The water should be as hot as it is comfortable. Soak for about 30 minutes.",
"Exfoliate dead skin - In the shower or bath, mix a handful of Epsom salt with a tablespoon of bath or olive oil and rub all over your wet skin to exfoliate and soften. Rinse thoroughly.",
"Exfoliating face cleanser - To clean your face and exfoliate skin at the same time, mix a half-teaspoon of Epsom salt with your regular cleansing cream. Gently massage into skin and rinse with cold water.",
"Dislodge blackheads - Add a teaspoon of Epsom salt and 3 drops iodine into a half cup of boiling water. Apply this mixture to the blackheads with a cotton ball.",
"Remove foot odor - Mix a half cup of Epsom salt in warm water and soak your feet for 10 minutes to remove bad odor, sooth achy feet, and soften rough skin.",
"Remove hairspray - Combine 1 gallon of water, 1 cup of lemon juice, and 1 cup Epsom salt. Cover the mixture and let set for 24 hours. The next day, pour the mixture into your dry hair and leave on for 20 minutes before shampooing as normal.",
"Hair volumizer - Combine equal parts deep conditioner and Epsom salt and warm in a pan. Work the warm mixture through your hair and leave on for 20 minutes. Rinse thoroughly.",
"Clean bathroom tiles - Mix equal parts Epsom salt and liquid dish detergent and use as a scrub on bathroom tile.",
"As a hand wash - Mix Epsom salt with baby oil and keep by the sink for an effective hand wash.",
"Clean detergent build-up on washing machines - Fill the machine tub with hot water, add Epsom salt, and run an agitate/soak/agitate cycle to dissolve detergent build-up (please consult your machine's instruction manual for specific instructions).",
"Fertilize your houseplants - Most plants need nutrients like magnesium and sulfur to stay in good health and Epsom salt makes the primary nutrients in most plant foods (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) more effective. Sprinkle Epsom salt once weekly to help nourish your houseplants, flowers and vegetables.",
"Keep your lawn green - Magnesium sulfate crystals, when added to the soil, provide vital nutrients that help prevent yellowing leaves and the loss of green color (magnesium is an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule) in plants. Add 2 tablespoons of Epsom salt to a gallon of water and sprinkle on your lawn to keep the grass healthy and green.",
"Insecticide spray - Use Epson salts on your lawn and in your garden to safely and naturally get rid of plant pests.",
"(1.) \"Report on Absorption of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) across the skin\", Dr RH Waring, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham. B15 2TT, U.K.",
"At SaltWorks we are constantly striving to improve and update our content. Do you have comments or additions that you think should be included here? Please let us know! We welcome your suggestions.",
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"We have many different varieties of sea salt available in our online store — from gourmet salts to theraputic bath salts. Try some today!",
"The statements and products shown on this website have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease.",
"Our mission is to offer the most comprehensive selection of premium specialty salts, with an emphasis on superior quality, exceptional value, and outstanding customer service. We strongly believe that customer satisfaction is crucial to our company’s success—and so we make every effort to assist our customers in all possible ways. We continually strive to be an industry leader in innovation; to be consistently open to new ideas and new ways of approaching business, while keeping in mind the founding values upon which we are built. We believe in being an honest, fair company, and make every effort to demonstrate this in our actions—from choosing ethically responsible suppliers to educating our customers about any and every aspect of our product lines. We are America's Sea Salt Company®©2001 - 2016 SaltWorks®, All Rights Reserved"
]
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"parsed_md": "Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits | SaltWorks\n\n| | |\n\nJoin our email list \n \n--- \n \nRetail Gourmet\n\nBulk Gourmet\n\nRetail Bath & Spa\n\nBulk Bath & Spa\n\nGift Guide\n\n| Share\n\n# Epsom Salt Uses & Benefits\n\n## What is Epsom salt?\n\nEpsom salt, named for a bitter saline spring at Epsom in Surrey, England, is\nnot actually salt but a naturally occurring pure mineral compound of magnesium\nand sulfate. Long known as a natural remedy for a number of ailments, Epsom\nsalt has numerous health benefits as well as many beauty, household and\ngardening-related uses.\n\nStudies have shown that magnesium and sulfate are both readily absorbed\nthrough the skin, making Epsom salt baths an easy and ideal way to enjoy the\namazing health benefits (*1). Magnesium plays a number of roles in the body\nincluding regulating the activity of over 325 enzymes, reducing inflammation,\nhelping muscle and nerve function and helping to prevent artery hardening.\nSulfates help improve the absorption of nutrients, flush toxins and help ease\nmigraine headaches.\n\n## What are the health benefits of using Epsom salt?\n\n|\n\nUltra Epsom® Salt by SaltWorks, the most trusted brand of high quality,\npharmaceutical grade Epsom salt available.\n\nJust $6.50 for 5 lbs. \n \n--- \n \nThe wonders of Epsom salt have been well known for hundreds of years and\nunlike other salts, Epsom salt has beneficial properties that can soothe the\nbody, mind and soul. Some of the countless health benefits include relaxing\nthe nervous system, curing skin problems, soothing back pain and aching limbs,\neasing muscle strain, healing cuts, treating cold and congestion, and drawing\ntoxins from the body. One of the simplest ways to ease stress and stress-\nrelated problems is to soak in a tub full of hot water with a few cups of\nUltra Epsom® Salt. Some of the magical benefits of Epsom salt include:\n\n#### Eases stress and relaxes the body\n\nStress drains the body of magnesium and increases levels of adrenaline. When\ndissolved in warm water, Epsom salt is absorbed through the skin and\nreplenishes the level of magnesium in the body. The magnesium helps to produce\nserotonin, a mood-elevating chemical within the brain that creates a feeling\nof calm and relaxation. Research shows that magnesium also increases energy\nand stamina by encouraging the production of ATP (adenosine triphosphate), the\nenergy packets made in the cells. Experts believe that bathing with Epsom salt\nat least three times a week helps you to look better, feel better and gain\nmore energy. Magnesium ions also relax and reduce irritability by lowering the\neffects of adrenaline. They create a relaxed feeling, improve sleep and\nconcentration, and help muscles and nerves to function properly.\n\n#### Relieves pain and muscle cramps\n\nAn Epsom salt bath is known to ease pain and relieve inflammation, making it\nbeneficial in the treatment of sore muscles, bronchial asthma and migraine\nheadaches. In addition, it has been known to heal cuts and reduce soreness\nfrom childbirth. Mix a thick paste of Epsom salt with hot water and apply to\nget soothing comfort. Try soaking your aching, tired (and smelly) feet in a\ntub of water with half a cup of our Ultra Epsom Salt. Epsom salt softens skin\nand will even neutralize foot odor.\n\n#### Relieves constipation\n\nNumerous studies have revealed that Epsom salt can be used to treat\nconstipation. Taken internally, Epson salt acts as a detoxifying agent for\ncolon cleansing. The salt acts like a laxative by increasing water in the\nintestines and can bring about temporary relief from constipation. However, it\nis strictly warned that Epsom salts should not be used to relieve constipation\nwithout the consultation of a physician.\n\n#### Eliminates toxins from the body\n\nThe sulfates in Epsom salt help flush toxins and heavy metals from the cells,\neasing muscle pain and helping the body to eliminate harmful substances. Your\nskin is a highly porous membrane and adding the right minerals to your\nbathwater triggers a process called reverse osmosis, which actually pulls salt\nout of your body, and harmful toxins along with it. For a detoxifying bath, at\nleast once weekly add two cups of our Ultra Epsom Salt to the water in a\nbathtub and soak for 10 minutes.\n\n## What are some uses of Epsom salt?\n\nWhether you like a relaxing soak or wish to enhance your beauty effortlessly,\nmaking Epsom salt a part of your daily routine can add a whole lot of goodness\nto your way of life. To experience the numerous health benefits of Epsom salt,\ntake relaxing, stress-relieving Epsom salt baths three times weekly by adding\n2 cups Ultra Epsom Salt to a warm bath and soaking for at least 12 minutes.\nFor the added benefit of moisturizing your skin, add 1/2 cup olive oil or baby\noil. Do not use soap as it will interfere with the action of the salts. Try to\nrest for about two hours afterwards. If you have arthritic joints move them as\nmuch as possible after an Epsom salt bath to prevent congestion in the joints.\n\nAs a foot bath, pamper weary feet by adding 1/2 cup of Epsom salt to a basin\nof warm water. Relax and soak feet for 20 minutes. If you like, rub away any\ncalluses using a pumice stone. Dry feet, then add two drops of peppermint\nessential oil to your favorite natural moisturizer, like shea or coconut\nbutter, and rub in thoroughly to lock in the moisture. If you are pregnant or\nhave any health concerns, check with your doctor before using Epsom salts.\n\n### Epsom salt uses: HEALTH\n\nAthlete’s Foot - Soak feet in an Epsom salt bath to help relieve the symptoms\nof Athlete’s Foot.\n\nRemove splinters - Soak affected skin area in an Epsom salt bath to draw out\nthe splinter.\n\nTreat toenail fungus - Soak your affected toes in hot water mixed with a\nhandful of Epsom salt three times a day.\n\nSoothe sprains and bruises - Add 2 cups Epsom salt to a warm bath and soak to\nreduce the pain and swelling of sprains and bruises.\n\nEase discomfort of Gout - Ease the discomfort of gout and reduce inflammation\nby adding 2-3 teaspoons of Epsom salts into a basin and immersing the affected\nfoot/joint. The water should be as hot as it is comfortable. Soak for about 30\nminutes.\n\n### Epsom salt uses: BEAUTY\n\nExfoliate dead skin - In the shower or bath, mix a handful of Epsom salt with\na tablespoon of bath or olive oil and rub all over your wet skin to exfoliate\nand soften. Rinse thoroughly.\n\nExfoliating face cleanser - To clean your face and exfoliate skin at the same\ntime, mix a half-teaspoon of Epsom salt with your regular cleansing cream.\nGently massage into skin and rinse with cold water.\n\nDislodge blackheads - Add a teaspoon of Epsom salt and 3 drops iodine into a\nhalf cup of boiling water. Apply this mixture to the blackheads with a cotton\nball.\n\nRemove foot odor - Mix a half cup of Epsom salt in warm water and soak your\nfeet for 10 minutes to remove bad odor, sooth achy feet, and soften rough\nskin.\n\nRemove hairspray - Combine 1 gallon of water, 1 cup of lemon juice, and 1 cup\nEpsom salt. Cover the mixture and let set for 24 hours. The next day, pour the\nmixture into your dry hair and leave on for 20 minutes before shampooing as\nnormal.\n\nHair volumizer - Combine equal parts deep conditioner and Epsom salt and warm\nin a pan. Work the warm mixture through your hair and leave on for 20 minutes.\nRinse thoroughly.\n\n### Epsom salt uses: HOUSEHOLD\n\nClean bathroom tiles - Mix equal parts Epsom salt and liquid dish detergent\nand use as a scrub on bathroom tile.\n\nPrevent slugs - Sprinkle Epsom salt on or near interior entry points to\nprevent slugs.\n\nAs a hand wash - Mix Epsom salt with baby oil and keep by the sink for an\neffective hand wash.\n\nClean detergent build-up on washing machines - Fill the machine tub with hot\nwater, add Epsom salt, and run an agitate/soak/agitate cycle to dissolve\ndetergent build-up (please consult your machine's instruction manual for\nspecific instructions).\n\n### Epsom salt uses: GARDENING\n\nFertilize your houseplants - Most plants need nutrients like magnesium and\nsulfur to stay in good health and Epsom salt makes the primary nutrients in\nmost plant foods (nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium) more effective. Sprinkle\nEpsom salt once weekly to help nourish your houseplants, flowers and\nvegetables.\n\nKeep your lawn green - Magnesium sulfate crystals, when added to the soil,\nprovide vital nutrients that help prevent yellowing leaves and the loss of\ngreen color (magnesium is an essential element in the chlorophyll molecule) in\nplants. Add 2 tablespoons of Epsom salt to a gallon of water and sprinkle on\nyour lawn to keep the grass healthy and green.\n\nInsecticide spray - Use Epson salts on your lawn and in your garden to safely\nand naturally get rid of plant pests.\n\nRead on for more information on gardening with Epsom salt.\n\n(1.) \"Report on Absorption of magnesium sulfate (Epsom salts) across the\nskin\", Dr RH Waring, School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham. B15 2TT,\nU.K.\n\nAt SaltWorks we are constantly striving to improve and update our content. Do\nyou have comments or additions that you think should be included here? Please\nlet us know! We welcome your suggestions.\n\nSend us an email: info@seasalt.com \n \n--- \n \nIf you found our content useful, please help support it by adding a link to us\nfrom your website. Simply cut and paste this HTML code directly into your page\nto add a text link back to this page: \n \nWe have many different varieties of sea salt available in our online store —\nfrom gourmet salts to theraputic bath salts. Try some today!\n\nShop:\n\n * Gourmet Sea Salts – Retail\n * Gourmet Sea Salts – Bulk\n * Bath & Spa Sea Salts – Retail\n * Bath & Spa Sea Salts – Bulk\n\n|\n\nRelated Products:\n\n| Ultra Epsom® Bath Salt| Bokek® Premium Dead Sea Bath Salt \n---|--- \n \n## General Salt Information:\n\n|\n\nWhat is Salt? \n \n--- \n \nHistory of Salt \n \nSalt Uses & Tips \n \nGardening with Epsom Salt \n \nOptically Clean® Technology \n \n## Health Related:\n\nSalt and Good Health \n \n--- \n \nSalt and Human Health \n \nSalt for Human Nutrition \n \nBalneotherapy (Bath Treatment) \n \n## Cooking / Culinary Related:\n\nGourmet Sea Salt Guide \n \n--- \n \nHow to Use Flavored Salt \n \nHow to Use Smoked Salt \n \nKosher Salt Guide \n \nHimalayan Salt \n \nWhat is Organic Salt? \n \nSalt in Food \n \n## Bath and Spa Related:\n\nBath Salt Guide \n \n--- \n \nDead Sea Salt Bathing \n \nEpsom Salt Uses & Benefits \n \nBath & Salt Water Therapy \n \nMaking Bath Salts \n \nBenefits of Bokek® Dead Sea Salt \n \n## Dead Sea Salt Related:\n\nAbout the Dead Sea \n \n--- \n \nBenefits of Dead Sea Salt \n \nDead Sea Salt Research \n \nShop with Confidence at SaltWorks: \n \n--- \n|\n\nGet Social with SaltWorks: \n \n--- \n \n* The statements and products shown on this website have not been evaluated by the US Food and Drug Administration. These products are not intended to diagnose, treat, cure or prevent any disease. \n \nOur mission is to offer the most comprehensive selection of premium specialty\nsalts, with an emphasis on superior quality, exceptional value, and\noutstanding customer service. We strongly believe that customer satisfaction\nis crucial to our company’s success—and so we make every effort to assist our\ncustomers in all possible ways. We continually strive to be an industry leader\nin innovation; to be consistently open to new ideas and new ways of\napproaching business, while keeping in mind the founding values upon which we\nare built. We believe in being an honest, fair company, and make every effort\nto demonstrate this in our actions—from choosing ethically responsible\nsuppliers to educating our customers about any and every aspect of our product\nlines. We are America's Sea Salt Company®©2001 - 2016 SaltWorks®, All Rights\nReserved\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180804001859/http://www.csp.org.uk/your-health/what-physiotherapy",
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"title": "What is physiotherapy?",
"passages": [
"Disruption to CSP website from 8 am Wed 1 to 9 am Mon 6 Aug - access will be restricted to 'read-only' in this period while we prepare to launch our new site. As a result you will not be able to access member-only content, including the portfolio, e-learning and discovery services or add content or update your details. We apologise for the inconvenience this may cause.",
"For urgent access to member-only content or to update your details, please contact our Enquiries Team on 020 7306 6666.",
"The profession helps to encourage development and facilitate recovery, enabling people to stay in work while helping them to remain independent for as long as possible.",
"Physiotherapy is a science-based profession and takes a ‘whole person’ approach to health and wellbeing, which includes the patient’s general lifestyle.",
"At the core is the patient’s involvement in their own care, through education, awareness, empowerment and participation in their treatment.",
"You can benefit from physiotherapy at any time in your life. Physiotherapy helps with back pain or sudden injury, managing long-term medical condition such as asthma, and in preparing for childbirth or a sporting event.",
"Physiotherapy is a degree-based healthcare profession. Physios use their knowledge and skills to improve a range of conditions associated with different systems of the body, such as:",
"Physiotherapists work in a variety of specialisms in health and social care. Additionally, some physiotherapists are involved in education, research and service management.",
"The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP) is the professional, educational and trade union body for the UK's 57,000 chartered physiotherapists, physiotherapy students and support workers. Find out more about us."
]
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"parsed_md": "What is physiotherapy? | The Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\n\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\n\n * Log in\n * CSP Home\n * Networks\n * Help\n\n * Professional and union\n\n * CSP publications\n * Physiotherapy Works\n * Library\n * Professionalism\n * Practice\n * Careers and development\n * Research\n * Union support\n\n## Featured pages\n\nPLI and insurance\n\nSee revised guidance for CSP members on insurance\n\nPay and conditions\n\nCSP campaigns to secure better pay and conditions for members\n\nPhysiotherapy Journal\n\nJournal services including abstracts and archive\n\nProfessionalism\n\nDeliver high standards with these member resources\n\nWorkforce data model\n\nPhysiotherapy supply and demand\n\nJobs\n\nFind a job or advertise with Job Escalator\n\n * Membership\n\n * Join the CSP\n * Update your details\n * Membership rates\n * Frequently asked questions\n * Associates\n * Students\n * Newly-qualified\n * Membership benefits\n\n## Featured pages\n\nJoin the CSP\n\nJoin as a full member, associate or student\n\nBenefits of CSP membership\n\nInsurance, news, resources, advice and support.\n\nCSP plus\n\nExclusive member-only discounts and offers\n\n * News & Events\n\n * News\n * Frontline magazine\n * Blogs\n * Physiotherapy News email\n * Events\n * Social media\n\n## Featured pages\n\nARC 2018\n\nThe 2018 Annual Representative Conference will take place on 5-6 March in\nManchester\n\nRead our latest blogs\n\nHear what our guests and experts have to say\n\n * iCSP\n\n * Popular content\n * Latest content\n\n * Your health\n\n * Find a physio\n * What is physiotherapy?\n * Conditions\n * Sports advice\n * Exercise advice\n * Keeping healthy at work\n * Live long, live well\n * Patient stories\n * Information for carers\n * Information for GPs and doctors\n\n## Featured pages\n\nPhysiotherapy Works\n\nThe evidence for physiotherapy and how it can help you\n\nPhysio2u\n\nFind a chartered physio with our directory of private practices\n\nDownload information leaflets\n\nAdvice and guidance on sports, exercise and workplace health\n\n * Press & Policy\n\n * Policy\n * Press\n\n## Featured pages\n\nPress releases\n\nLatest news releases and statements for the media\n\n * Nations & Regions\n\nNations\n\n * England\n * Northern Ireland\n * Scotland\n * Wales\n\nEnglish regions\n\n * East Midlands\n * East of England\n * London\n * North East\n * North West\n\n * South Central\n * South East Coast\n * South West\n * West Midlands\n * Yorkshire and the Humber\n\n * About us\n\n * Contact us\n * Find us\n * Advertise with us\n * What we do\n * Structure and governance\n * Who we work with\n * Working for us\n * International\n * CSP history\n\n## Featured pages\n\nCouncil\n\nCSP Council is the Society's elected governing body\n\nCSP strategy 2017-20\n\nFind out the priorities for the next three years\n\nUsing the CSP brand\n\nGuidance on using CSP badges and logos\n\nDisruption to CSP website from 8 am Wed 1 to 9 am Mon 6 Aug - access will be\nrestricted to 'read-only' in this period while we prepare to launch our new\nsite. As a result you will not be able to access member-only content,\nincluding the portfolio, e-learning and discovery services or add content or\nupdate your details. We apologise for the inconvenience this may cause.\n\nFor urgent access to member-only content or to update your details, please\ncontact our Enquiries Team on 020 7306 6666.\n\nHome » Your health » What is physiotherapy?\n\n * Your health\n\n * Live long, live well\n * Exercise advice\n * Find a physio\n * Love Activity, Hate Exercise? campaign\n * Public information leaflets\n * Conditions\n * What is physiotherapy?\n * Physiotherapy works\n * Healthy at work\n * Patient stories\n * For GPs and doctors\n * For carers\n * Fitness for work\n * Sports advice\n\n### Connect with us\n\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Find us on Facebook\n * Find us on Vimeo\n\n### Basket\n\nView your shopping cart.\n\n# What is physiotherapy?\n\nPhysiotherapy helps restore movement and function when someone is affected by\ninjury, illness or disability.\n\n### Find a physiotherapist\n\nHow do you get to see a physiotherapist? Find out about access options here.\n\nFind a qualified physiotherapist near you with our Physio2U directory\n\nPhysiotherapists help people affected by injury, illness or disability through\nmovement and exercise, manual therapy, education and advice.\n\nThey maintain health for people of all ages, helping patients to manage pain\nand prevent disease.\n\nThe profession helps to encourage development and facilitate recovery,\nenabling people to stay in work while helping them to remain independent for\nas long as possible.\n\n## What physiotherapists do\n\n### Read the evidence\n\nOur Physiotherapy Works briefings demonstrate the effectiveness of\nphysiotherapy in treating a wide range of conditions\n\nPhysiotherapy is a science-based profession and takes a ‘whole person’\napproach to health and wellbeing, which includes the patient’s general\nlifestyle.\n\nAt the core is the patient’s involvement in their own care, through education,\nawareness, empowerment and participation in their treatment.\n\nYou can benefit from physiotherapy at any time in your life. Physiotherapy\nhelps with back pain or sudden injury, managing long-term medical condition\nsuch as asthma, and in preparing for childbirth or a sporting event.\n\n## Why physiotherapy?\n\nPhysiotherapy is a degree-based healthcare profession. Physios use their\nknowledge and skills to improve a range of conditions associated with\ndifferent systems of the body, such as:\n\n * Neurological (stroke, multiple sclerosis, Parkinson's)\n * Neuromusculoskeletal (back pain, whiplash associated disorder, sports injuries, arthritis)\n * Cardiovascular (chronic heart disease, rehabilitation after heart attack)\n * Respiratory (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, cystic fibrosis).\n\nPhysiotherapists work in a variety of specialisms in health and social care.\nAdditionally, some physiotherapists are involved in education, research and\nservice management.\n\n## Find out more\n\nCommon conditions and how physiotherapy can help\n\nWhat does \"chartered\" mean?\n\nA career in physiotherapy\n\nPhysio2U: find a qualified physiotherapist in your area\n\n## Links\n\nBack to top\n\n## Last reviewed\n\n14 March 2018\n\n### User login\n\n### Featured content\n\n * Assessment of core stability\n\n * Recommended equipment for disability gym for clients with complex needs\n\n * Falls Presentation in Care Homes\n\n * Clinical Wisdom to Predict Extubation Outcomes In Critical Care\n\n * Hypermobility Pathway 0-17years\n\n### Site highlights\n\n * Careers\n * Physiotherapy works\n * Publications\n\nBack to top\n\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy (CSP) is the professional, educational\nand trade union body for the UK's 57,000 chartered physiotherapists,\nphysiotherapy students and support workers. Find out more about us.\n\nA Company Incorporated by Royal Charter (England/Wales). Company registration\nnumber RC000107.\n\nRegistered office:\n\nThe Chartered Society of Physiotherapy\n\n14 Bedford Row\n\nLondon, WC1R 4ED.\n\n+44 (0)20 7306 6666\n\n. Email us\n\n * Contact the CSP\n * Feedback\n * Privacy\n * Cookies\n * Terms of service\n * Terms of sale\n * Advertise\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * RSS\n\n * © 2018 CSP\n * Site by Torchbox\n\n"
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{
"original_url": "https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201127173149/https://www.urmc.rochester.edu/encyclopedia/content.aspx?contenttypeid=1",
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"original_url": "https://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article/1",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411131207/https://www.shoulderdoc.co.uk/article/1",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Shoulder Anatomy",
"passages": [
"It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body with complete global movement allowing you to position the hand anywhere in space.",
"To allow so much movement the joints need to be 'free' to move, therefore the shoulder should be 'unstable' compared to other joints of the body; However a series of complex ligaments and muscle keep it in joint.",
"Because the shoulder is such a unique joint it is also prone to particular problems. In fact it would be more correct to call it the SHOULDER COMPLEX. This section will hopefully explain some of the terminology you might hear and relate this to disorders of the shoulder complex. Understanding how the different layers of the shoulder are built and connected can help you understand how the shoulder works and is affected by injury and overuse.",
"The deepest layer includes the bones and the joints of the shoulder. The next layer is made up of the ligaments of the joints. The tendons and the muscles come next. The nerves supply all the above stuctures and make them work.",
"The material on this website is designed to support, not replace, the relationship that exists between ourselves and our patients. Full Disclaimer"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Shoulder Anatomy | ShoulderDoc\n\n * Home\n * Patient Information\n * Shoulder\n * Shoulder Anatomy\n * Shoulder Anatomy\n\n# Shoulder Anatomy\n\nThe shoulder is one of the most sophisticated and complicated joints of the\nbody:\n\n * It has the greatest range of motion of any joint in the body with complete global movement allowing you to position the hand anywhere in space.\n * The coordinated activity of numerous muscles working together in set patterns is required to produce this motion\n * It is made up of FOUR joints and FIVE linked bone groups which are related and work together.\n * To allow so much movement the joints need to be 'free' to move, therefore the shoulder should be 'unstable' compared to other joints of the body; However a series of complex ligaments and muscle keep it in joint.\n\nBecause the shoulder is such a unique joint it is also prone to particular\nproblems. In fact it would be more correct to call it the SHOULDER COMPLEX.\nThis section will hopefully explain some of the terminology you might hear and\nrelate this to disorders of the shoulder complex. Understanding how the\ndifferent layers of the shoulder are built and connected can help you\nunderstand how the shoulder works and is affected by injury and overuse.\n\nThe deepest layer includes the bones and the joints of the shoulder. The next\nlayer is made up of the ligaments of the joints. The tendons and the muscles\ncome next. The nerves supply all the above stuctures and make them work.\n\n### Search ShoulderDoc.co.uk\n\n### Diagnose your shoulder\n\nThis is an interactive guide to help you find relevant patient information for\nyour shoulder problem.\n\nClick here to begin\n\n### Find a Shoulder Professional\n\n\\+ Add Your Clinic Advanced Search\n\nThis site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\nShoulderDoc.co.uk satisfies the INTUTE criteria for quality and has been\nawarded 'editor's choice'.\n\nThe material on this website is designed to support, not replace, the\nrelationship that exists between ourselves and our patients. Full Disclaimer\n\nShoulderDoc | Website last updated: 06/03/2021\n\nWebsite by: TheFresh Healthcare Marketing\n\nFollow @theshoulderdoc\n\nTweet to @theshoulderdoc\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170916190511/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=A00066",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Shoulder Surgery -OrthoInfo",
"passages": [
"Your shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body. It allows you to place and rotate your arm in many positions in front, above, to the side, and behind your body. This flexibility also makes your shoulder susceptible to instability and injury.",
"Depending on the nature of the problem, nonsurgical methods of treatment often are recommended before surgery. However, in some instances, delaying the surgical repair of a shoulder can increase the likelihood that the problem will be more difficult to treat later. Early, correct diagnosis and treatment of shoulder problems can make a significant difference in the long run.",
"The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. It is made up of three bones: the upper arm bone (humerus), shoulder blade (scapula) and collarbone (clavicle).",
"The ball at the top end of the arm bone fits into the small socket (glenoid) of the shoulder blade to form the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint).",
"A smooth, durable surface (articular cartilage) on the head of the arm bone, and a thin inner lining (synovium) of the joint allows the smooth motion of the shoulder joint.",
"The upper part of the shoulder blade (acromion) projects over the shoulder joint. One end of the collarbone is joined with the shoulder blade by the acromioclavicular (AC) joint. The other end of the collarbone is joined with the breastbone (sternum) by the sternoclavicular joint.",
"The joint capsule is a thin sheet of fibers that surrounds the shoulder joint. The capsule allows a wide range of motion, yet provides stability.",
"The rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that attach your upper arm to your shoulder blade. The rotator cuff covers the shoulder joint and joint capsule.",
"The muscles attached to the rotator cuff enable you to lift your arm, reach overhead, and take part in activities such as throwing or swimming.",
"A sac-like membrane (bursa) between the rotator cuff and the shoulder blade cushions and helps lubricate the motion between these two structures.",
"Bursitis or tendinitis can occur with overuse from repetitive activities, such as swimming, painting, or weight lifting. These activities cause rubbing or squeezing (impingement) of the rotator cuff under the acromion and in the acromioclavicular joint. Initially, these problems are treated by modifying the activity which causes the symptoms of pain and with a rehabilitation program for the shoulder.",
"Partial thickness rotator cuff tears can be associated with chronic inflammation and the development of spurs on the underside of the acromion or the acromioclavicular joint.",
"The conservative nonsurgical treatment is modification of activity, light exercise, and, occasionally, a cortisone injection. Nonsurgical treatment is successful in a majority of cases. If it is not successful, surgery often is needed to remove the spurs on the underside of the acromion and to repair the rotator cuff.",
"Full-thickness rotator cuff tears are most often the result of impingement, partial thickness rotator cuff tears, heavy lifting, or falls. Nonsurgical treatment with modification of activity is successful in a majority of cases.",
"If pain continues, surgery may be needed to repair full- thickness rotator cuff tears. Arthroscopic techniques allow shaving of spurs, evaluation of the rotator cuff, and repair of some tears.",
"Instability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the shoulder socket. This can happen as a result of sudden injury or from overuse of the shoulder ligaments.",
"The two basic forms of shoulder instability are subluxations and dislocations. A subluxation is a partial or incomplete dislocation. If the shoulder is partially out of the shoulder socket, it eventually may dislocate. Even a minor injury may push the arm bone out of its socket. A dislocation is when the head of the arm bone slips out of the shoulder socket. Some patients have chronic instability. Shoulder dislocations may occur repeatedly.",
"Patients with repeat dislocation usually require surgery. Open surgical repair may require a short stay in the hospital. Arthroscopic surgical repair is often done on an outpatient basis. Following either procedure, extensive rehabilitation, often including physical therapy, is necessary for healing.",
"A fractured collarbone and acromioclavicular separation are common injuries of children and others who fall on the side of their shoulder when playing. Most of these injuries are treated nonsurgically with slings or splints. Severe displaced fractures or acromioclavicular joint separation may require surgical repair.",
"A fractured head of the humerus is a common result of falls on an outstretched arm, particularly by older people with osteoporosis. If fragmented or displaced, it may require open surgical repair and possibly replacement with an artificial joint (prosthesis).",
"Osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can destroy the shoulder joint and surrounding tissue. They can also cause degeneration and tearing of the capsule or the rotator cuff. Osteoarthritis occurs when the articular surface of the joint wears thin. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronic inflammation of the synovium lining which can produce chemicals that eventually destroy the inner lining of the joint, including the articular surface.",
"Shoulder replacement is recommended for patients with painful shoulders and limited motion. The treatment options are either replacement of the head of the bone or replacement of the entire socket. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you the best option.",
"A medical history to gather information about current complaints; duration of symptoms, pain and limitations; injuries; and past treatment with medications or surgery.",
"Diagnostic tests, such as X-rays taken with the shoulder in various positions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be helpful in assessing soft tissues in the shoulder. Computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to evaluate the bony parts of the shoulder.",
"Your orthopaedic surgeon will review the results of your evaluation with you and discuss the best treatment. You and your doctor may agree that surgery is the best treatment option. He or she will explain the potential risks and complications that may occur. Your doctor may discuss donating your own blood to be used if needed during surgery.",
"Some surgical procedures require hospitalization for a number of days. Your doctor may discuss planning for the period after surgery. You may need to either stay in an extended care facility or have someone help you when you return home.",
"Arthroscopy allows the orthopaedic surgeon to insert a pencil-thin device with a small lens and lighting system into tiny incisions to look inside the joint. The images inside the joint are relayed to a TV monitor, allowing the doctor to make a diagnosis. Other surgical instruments can be inserted to make repairs, based on what is with the arthroscope. Arthroscopy often can be done on an outpatient basis. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for Sports Medicine, more than 1.4 million shoulder arthroscopies are performed worldwide each year.",
"Open surgery may be necessary and, in some cases, may be associated with better results than arthroscopy. Open surgery often can be done through small incisions of just a few inches.",
"Recovery and rehabilitation is related to the type of surgery performed inside the shoulder, rather than whether there was an arthroscopic or open surgical procedure.",
"There are always some risks with any surgery, even arthroscopic procedures. These include possible infection, and damage to surrounding nerves and blood vessels. However, modern surgical techniques and close monitoring have significantly minimized the occurrence of these problems.",
"After surgery, some pain, tenderness, and stiffness are normal. You should be alert for certain signs and symptoms that may suggest the development of complications.",
"It is important that you continue a shoulder exercise program with daily stretching and strengthening. In general, patients who faithfully comply with the therapies and exercises prescribed by their orthopaedic surgeon and physical therapist will have the best medical outcome after surgery.",
"Your orthopaedic surgeon is a medical doctor with extensive training in the diagnosis and nonsurgical and surgical treatment of the musculoskeletal system, including bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.",
"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.",
"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Shoulder Surgery -OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2009 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nShoulder Surgery\n\nYour shoulder is the most flexible joint in your body. It allows you to place\nand rotate your arm in many positions in front, above, to the side, and behind\nyour body. This flexibility also makes your shoulder susceptible to\ninstability and injury.\n\nDepending on the nature of the problem, nonsurgical methods of treatment often\nare recommended before surgery. However, in some instances, delaying the\nsurgical repair of a shoulder can increase the likelihood that the problem\nwill be more difficult to treat later. Early, correct diagnosis and treatment\nof shoulder problems can make a significant difference in the long run.\n\nHow the Normal Shoulder Works\n\nAnatomy of the shoulder joint.\n\nThe shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint. It is made up of three bones: the\nupper arm bone (humerus), shoulder blade (scapula) and collarbone (clavicle).\n\nThe ball at the top end of the arm bone fits into the small socket (glenoid)\nof the shoulder blade to form the shoulder joint (glenohumeral joint).\n\nThe socket of the glenoid is surrounded by a soft-tissue rim (labrum).\n\nA smooth, durable surface (articular cartilage) on the head of the arm bone,\nand a thin inner lining (synovium) of the joint allows the smooth motion of\nthe shoulder joint.\n\nThe upper part of the shoulder blade (acromion) projects over the shoulder\njoint. One end of the collarbone is joined with the shoulder blade by the\nacromioclavicular (AC) joint. The other end of the collarbone is joined with\nthe breastbone (sternum) by the sternoclavicular joint.\n\nThe joint capsule is a thin sheet of fibers that surrounds the shoulder joint.\nThe capsule allows a wide range of motion, yet provides stability.\n\nThe rotator cuff is a group of muscles and tendons that attach your upper arm\nto your shoulder blade. The rotator cuff covers the shoulder joint and joint\ncapsule.\n\nThe muscles attached to the rotator cuff enable you to lift your arm, reach\noverhead, and take part in activities such as throwing or swimming.\n\nA sac-like membrane (bursa) between the rotator cuff and the shoulder blade\ncushions and helps lubricate the motion between these two structures.\n\nTop of page\n\nShoulder Problems and Treatments\n\n#### Bursitis or Tendinitis\n\nBursitis or tendinitis can occur with overuse from repetitive activities, such\nas swimming, painting, or weight lifting. These activities cause rubbing or\nsqueezing (impingement) of the rotator cuff under the acromion and in the\nacromioclavicular joint. Initially, these problems are treated by modifying\nthe activity which causes the symptoms of pain and with a rehabilitation\nprogram for the shoulder.\n\n#### Impingement and Partial Rotator Cuff Tears\n\nImpingement and partial tear of the rotator cuff.\n\nPartial thickness rotator cuff tears can be associated with chronic\ninflammation and the development of spurs on the underside of the acromion or\nthe acromioclavicular joint.\n\nThe conservative nonsurgical treatment is modification of activity, light\nexercise, and, occasionally, a cortisone injection. Nonsurgical treatment is\nsuccessful in a majority of cases. If it is not successful, surgery often is\nneeded to remove the spurs on the underside of the acromion and to repair the\nrotator cuff.\n\n#### Full-Thickness Rotator Cuff Tears\n\nFull-thickness tear of the rotator cuff.\n\nFull-thickness rotator cuff tears are most often the result of impingement,\npartial thickness rotator cuff tears, heavy lifting, or falls. Nonsurgical\ntreatment with modification of activity is successful in a majority of cases.\n\nIf pain continues, surgery may be needed to repair full- thickness rotator\ncuff tears. Arthroscopic techniques allow shaving of spurs, evaluation of the\nrotator cuff, and repair of some tears.\n\nBoth techniques require extensive rehabilitation to restore the function of\nthe shoulder.\n\n#### Instability\n\nInstability of the shoulder.\n\nInstability occurs when the head of the upper arm bone is forced out of the\nshoulder socket. This can happen as a result of sudden injury or from overuse\nof the shoulder ligaments.\n\nThe two basic forms of shoulder instability are subluxations and dislocations.\nA subluxation is a partial or incomplete dislocation. If the shoulder is\npartially out of the shoulder socket, it eventually may dislocate. Even a\nminor injury may push the arm bone out of its socket. A dislocation is when\nthe head of the arm bone slips out of the shoulder socket. Some patients have\nchronic instability. Shoulder dislocations may occur repeatedly.\n\nPatients with repeat dislocation usually require surgery. Open surgical repair\nmay require a short stay in the hospital. Arthroscopic surgical repair is\noften done on an outpatient basis. Following either procedure, extensive\nrehabilitation, often including physical therapy, is necessary for healing.\n\n#### Fractured Collarbone and Acromioclavicular Joint Separation\n\nFractured collarbone.\n\nA fractured collarbone and acromioclavicular separation are common injuries of\nchildren and others who fall on the side of their shoulder when playing. Most\nof these injuries are treated nonsurgically with slings or splints. Severe\ndisplaced fractures or acromioclavicular joint separation may require surgical\nrepair.\n\n#### Fractured Head of the Humerus (Arm Bone), or Proximal Humerus Fracture\n\nFractured head of the humerus.\n\nA fractured head of the humerus is a common result of falls on an outstretched\narm, particularly by older people with osteoporosis. If fragmented or\ndisplaced, it may require open surgical repair and possibly replacement with\nan artificial joint (prosthesis).\n\n#### Osteoarthritis and Rheumatoid Arthritis\n\nArthritis of the shoulder.\n\nOsteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis can destroy the shoulder joint and\nsurrounding tissue. They can also cause degeneration and tearing of the\ncapsule or the rotator cuff. Osteoarthritis occurs when the articular surface\nof the joint wears thin. Rheumatoid arthritis is associated with chronic\ninflammation of the synovium lining which can produce chemicals that\neventually destroy the inner lining of the joint, including the articular\nsurface.\n\nShoulder replacement.\n\nShoulder replacement is recommended for patients with painful shoulders and\nlimited motion. The treatment options are either replacement of the head of\nthe bone or replacement of the entire socket. Your orthopaedic surgeon will\ndiscuss with you the best option.\n\nTop of page\n\nOrthopaedic Evaluation\n\nThe orthopaedic evaluation of your shoulder consists of three components:\n\n * A medical history to gather information about current complaints; duration of symptoms, pain and limitations; injuries; and past treatment with medications or surgery.\n * A physical examination to assess swelling, tenderness, range of motion, strength or weakness, instability, and/or deformity of the shoulder.\n * Diagnostic tests, such as X-rays taken with the shoulder in various positions. Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) may be helpful in assessing soft tissues in the shoulder. Computed tomography (CT) scan may be used to evaluate the bony parts of the shoulder.\n\nYour orthopaedic surgeon will review the results of your evaluation with you\nand discuss the best treatment. You and your doctor may agree that surgery is\nthe best treatment option. He or she will explain the potential risks and\ncomplications that may occur. Your doctor may discuss donating your own blood\nto be used if needed during surgery.\n\nSome surgical procedures require hospitalization for a number of days. Your\ndoctor may discuss planning for the period after surgery. You may need to\neither stay in an extended care facility or have someone help you when you\nreturn home.\n\nTop of page\n\nPreparing for Surgery\n\n * No food or drink after midnight before surgery.\n * Discuss with your doctor what to do about medications taken in the morning.\n * An hour before surgery, you will be assessed in the preoperative area by a nurse anesthetist or anesthesiologist.\n\nTop of page\n\nTypes of Surgical Procedures\n\nYou may be given the option to have an arthroscopic procedure or an open\nsurgical procedure.\n\n#### Arthroscopy\n\nArthroscopy allows the orthopaedic surgeon to insert a pencil-thin device with\na small lens and lighting system into tiny incisions to look inside the joint.\nThe images inside the joint are relayed to a TV monitor, allowing the doctor\nto make a diagnosis. Other surgical instruments can be inserted to make\nrepairs, based on what is with the arthroscope. Arthroscopy often can be done\non an outpatient basis. According to the American Orthopaedic Society for\nSports Medicine, more than 1.4 million shoulder arthroscopies are performed\nworldwide each year.\n\n#### Open Surgery\n\nOpen surgery may be necessary and, in some cases, may be associated with\nbetter results than arthroscopy. Open surgery often can be done through small\nincisions of just a few inches.\n\nRecovery and rehabilitation is related to the type of surgery performed inside\nthe shoulder, rather than whether there was an arthroscopic or open surgical\nprocedure.\n\nTop of page\n\nPossible Complications After Surgery\n\nThere are always some risks with any surgery, even arthroscopic procedures.\nThese include possible infection, and damage to surrounding nerves and blood\nvessels. However, modern surgical techniques and close monitoring have\nsignificantly minimized the occurrence of these problems.\n\nAfter surgery, some pain, tenderness, and stiffness are normal. You should be\nalert for certain signs and symptoms that may suggest the development of\ncomplications.\n\n * Fever after the second day following surgery\n * Increasing pain or swelling\n * Redness, warmth, or tenderness which may suggest a wound infection\n * Unusual bleeding (some surgical wound drainage is normal and, in fact, desirable\n * Numbness or tingling of the arm or hand\n\nTop of page\n\nPrevention of Future Problems\n\nIt is important that you continue a shoulder exercise program with daily\nstretching and strengthening. In general, patients who faithfully comply with\nthe therapies and exercises prescribed by their orthopaedic surgeon and\nphysical therapist will have the best medical outcome after surgery.\n\nYour orthopaedic surgeon is a medical doctor with extensive training in the\ndiagnosis and nonsurgical and surgical treatment of the musculoskeletal\nsystem, including bones, joints, ligaments, tendons, muscles, and nerves.\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: August 2009\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2009 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Links\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Links\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171113000721/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00064",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Rotator Cuff Tears-OrthoInfo",
"passages": [
"Information on rotator cuff tears is also available in Spanish: Desgarres del manguito de los rotadoresDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores (topic.cfm?topic=A00604).",
"A rotator cuff tear is a common cause of pain and disability among adults. In 2013, almost 2 million people in the United States went to their doctors because of a rotator cuff problem.",
"A torn rotator cuff will weaken your shoulder. This means that many daily activities, like combing your hair or getting dressed, may become painful and difficult to do.",
"Your shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your shoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The shoulder is a ball-and-socket joint: the ball, or head, of your upper arm bone fits into a shallow socket in your shoulder blade.",
"Your arm is kept in your shoulder socket by your rotator cuff. The rotator cuff is a group of four muscles that come together as tendons to form a covering around the head of the humerus. The rotator cuff attaches the humerus to the shoulder blade and helps to lift and rotate your arm.",
"There is a lubricating sac called a bursa between the rotator cuff and the bone on top of your shoulder (acromion). The bursa allows the rotator cuff tendons to glide freely when you move your arm. When the rotator cuff tendons are injured or damaged, this bursa can also become inflamed and painful.",
"When one or more of the rotator cuff tendons is torn, the tendon no longer fully attaches to the head of the humerus. Most tears occur in the supraspinatus tendon, but other parts of the rotator cuff may also be involved.",
"In many cases, torn tendons begin by fraying. As the damage progresses, the tendon can completely tear, sometimes with lifting a heavy object.",
"Partial tear. This type of tear is also called an incomplete tear. It damages the tendon, but does not completely sever it.",
"Full-thickness tear. This type of tear is also called a complete tear. It separates all of the tendon from the bone. With a full-thickness tear, there is basically a hole in the tendon.",
"(Left) An overhead view of the four tendons that form the rotator cuff and stabilize the joint. (Right) A full-thickness tear (blue arrow) in the supraspinatus tendon, the most common location for rotator cuff tears.",
"Illustrations show the front view of (left) a normal rotator cuff, and (right) a full-thickness tear in the supraspinatus tendon.",
"If you fall down on your outstretched arm or lift something too heavy with a jerking motion, you can tear your rotator cuff. This type of tear can occur with other shoulder injuries, such as a broken collarbone or dislocated shoulder.",
"Most tears are the result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly over time. This degeneration naturally occurs as we age. Rotator cuff tears are more common in the dominant arm. If you have a degenerative tear in one shoulder, there is a greater likelihood of a rotator cuff tear in the opposite shoulder -- even if you have no pain in that shoulder.",
"Repetitive stress. Repeating the same shoulder motions again and again can stress your rotator cuff muscles and tendons. Baseball, tennis, rowing, and weightlifting are examples of sports activities that can put you at risk for overuse tears. Many jobs and routine chores can cause overuse tears, as well.",
"Lack of blood supply. As we get older, the blood supply in our rotator cuff tendons lessens. Without a good blood supply, the body's natural ability to repair tendon damage is impaired. This can ultimately lead to a tendon tear.",
"Bone spurs. As we age, bone spurs (bone overgrowth) often develop on the underside of the acromion bone. When we lift our arms, the spurs rub on the rotator cuff tendon. This condition is called shoulder impingement, and over time will weaken the tendon and make it more likely to tear.",
"Because most rotator cuff tears are largely caused by the normal wear and tear that goes along with aging, people over 40 are at greater risk.",
"People who do repetitive lifting or overhead activities are also at risk for rotator cuff tears. Athletes are especially vulnerable to overuse tears, particularly tennis players and baseball pitchers. Painters, carpenters, and others who do overhead work also have a greater chance for tears.",
"Although overuse tears caused by sports activity or overhead work also occur in younger people, most tears in young adults are caused by a traumatic injury, like a fall.",
"Tears that happen suddenly, such as from a fall, usually cause intense pain. There may be a snapping sensation and immediate weakness in your upper arm.",
"Tears that develop slowly due to overuse also cause pain and arm weakness. You may have pain in the shoulder when you lift your arm, or pain that moves down your arm. At first, the pain may be mild and only present when lifting your arm over your head, such as reaching into a cupboard. Over-the-counter medication, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, may relieve the pain at first.",
"Over time, the pain may become more noticeable at rest, and no longer goes away with medications. You may have pain when you lie on the painful side at night. The pain and weakness in the shoulder may make routine activities such as combing your hair or reaching behind your back more difficult.",
"It should be noted that some rotator cuff tears are not painful. These tears, however, may still result in arm weakness and other symptoms.",
"After discussing your symptoms and medical history, your doctor will examine your shoulder. He or she will check to see whether it is tender in any area or whether there is a deformity. To measure the range of motion of your shoulder, your doctor will have you move your arm in several different directions. He or she will also test your arm strength.",
"Reproduced with permission from JF Sarwark, ed: Essentials of Musculoskeletal Care, ed 4. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.",
"Your doctor will check for other problems with your shoulder joint. He or she may also examine your neck to make sure that the pain is not coming from a \"pinched nerve,\" and to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis.",
"X-rays. The first imaging tests performed are usually x-rays. Because x-rays do not show the soft tissues of your shoulder like the rotator cuff, plain x-rays of a shoulder with rotator cuff pain are usually normal or may show a small bone spur.",
"Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound. These studies can better show soft tissues like the rotator cuff tendons. They can show the rotator cuff tear, as well as where the tear is located within the tendon and the size of the tear. An MRI can also give your doctor a better idea of how \"old\" or \"new\" a tear is because it can show the quality of the rotator cuff muscles.",
"If you have a rotator cuff tear and you keep using it despite increasing pain, you may cause further damage. A rotator cuff tear can get larger over time.",
"Chronic shoulder and arm pain are good reasons to see your doctor. Early treatment can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. It will also get you back to your normal routine that much quicker.",
"The goal of any treatment is to reduce pain and restore function. There are several treatment options for a rotator cuff tear, and the best option is different for every person. In planning your treatment, your doctor will consider your age, activity level, general health, and the type of tear you have.",
"There is no evidence of better results from surgery performed near the time of injury versus later on. For this reason, many doctors first recommend management of rotator cuff tears with physical therapy and other nonsurgical treatments.",
"Rest. Your doctor may suggest rest and limiting overhead activities. He or she may also prescribe a sling to help protect your shoulder and keep it still.",
"Strengthening exercises and physical therapy. Specific exercises will restore movement and strengthen your shoulder. Your exercise program will include stretches to improve flexibility and range of motion. Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder can relieve pain and prevent further injury.",
"Steroid injection. If rest, medications, and physical therapy do not relieve your pain, an injection of a local anesthetic and a cortisone preparation may be helpful. Cortisone is a very effective anti-inflammatory medicine; however, it is not effective for all patients.",
"Your doctor may recommend surgery if your pain does not improve with nonsurgical methods. Continued pain is the main indication for surgery. If you are very active and use your arms for overhead work or sports, your doctor may also suggest surgery.",
"Surgery to repair a torn rotator cuff most often involves re-attaching the tendon to the head of humerus (upper arm bone). There are a few options for repairing rotator cuff tears. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you the best procedure to meet your individual health needs.",
"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.",
"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Rotator Cuff Tears-OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRotator Cuff Tears\n\nInformation on rotator cuff tears is also available in Spanish: Desgarres del\nmanguito de los rotadoresDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n(topic.cfm?topic=A00604).\n\nA rotator cuff tear is a common cause of pain and disability among adults. In\n2013, almost 2 million people in the United States went to their doctors\nbecause of a rotator cuff problem.\n\nA torn rotator cuff will weaken your shoulder. This means that many daily\nactivities, like combing your hair or getting dressed, may become painful and\ndifficult to do.\n\nAnatomy\n\nYour shoulder is made up of three bones: your upper arm bone (humerus), your\nshoulder blade (scapula), and your collarbone (clavicle). The shoulder is a\nball-and-socket joint: the ball, or head, of your upper arm bone fits into a\nshallow socket in your shoulder blade.\n\nNormal anatomy of the shoulder.\n\nYour arm is kept in your shoulder socket by your rotator cuff. The rotator\ncuff is a group of four muscles that come together as tendons to form a\ncovering around the head of the humerus. The rotator cuff attaches the humerus\nto the shoulder blade and helps to lift and rotate your arm.\n\nThere is a lubricating sac called a bursa between the rotator cuff and the\nbone on top of your shoulder (acromion). The bursa allows the rotator cuff\ntendons to glide freely when you move your arm. When the rotator cuff tendons\nare injured or damaged, this bursa can also become inflamed and painful.\n\nThe rotator cuff tendons cover the head of the humerus, helping you to raise\nand rotate your arm.\n\nTop of page\n\nDescription\n\nWhen one or more of the rotator cuff tendons is torn, the tendon no longer\nfully attaches to the head of the humerus. Most tears occur in the\nsupraspinatus tendon, but other parts of the rotator cuff may also be\ninvolved.\n\nIn many cases, torn tendons begin by fraying. As the damage progresses, the\ntendon can completely tear, sometimes with lifting a heavy object.\n\nIn most rotator cuff tears, the tendon is torn away from the bone.\n\nThere are different types of tears.\n\n * Partial tear. This type of tear is also called an incomplete tear. It damages the tendon, but does not completely sever it.\n * Full-thickness tear. This type of tear is also called a complete tear. It separates all of the tendon from the bone. With a full-thickness tear, there is basically a hole in the tendon.\n\n(Left) An overhead view of the four tendons that form the rotator cuff and\nstabilize the joint. (Right) A full-thickness tear (blue arrow) in the\nsupraspinatus tendon, the most common location for rotator cuff tears.\n\nIllustrations show the front view of (left) a normal rotator cuff, and (right)\na full-thickness tear in the supraspinatus tendon.\n\nTop of page\n\nCause\n\nThere are two main causes of rotator cuff tears: injury and degeneration.\n\n#### Acute Tear\n\nIf you fall down on your outstretched arm or lift something too heavy with a\njerking motion, you can tear your rotator cuff. This type of tear can occur\nwith other shoulder injuries, such as a broken collarbone or dislocated\nshoulder.\n\n#### Degenerative Tear\n\nMost tears are the result of a wearing down of the tendon that occurs slowly\nover time. This degeneration naturally occurs as we age. Rotator cuff tears\nare more common in the dominant arm. If you have a degenerative tear in one\nshoulder, there is a greater likelihood of a rotator cuff tear in the opposite\nshoulder -- even if you have no pain in that shoulder.\n\nSeveral factors contribute to degenerative, or chronic, rotator cuff tears.\n\n * Repetitive stress. Repeating the same shoulder motions again and again can stress your rotator cuff muscles and tendons. Baseball, tennis, rowing, and weightlifting are examples of sports activities that can put you at risk for overuse tears. Many jobs and routine chores can cause overuse tears, as well.\n * Lack of blood supply. As we get older, the blood supply in our rotator cuff tendons lessens. Without a good blood supply, the body's natural ability to repair tendon damage is impaired. This can ultimately lead to a tendon tear.\n * Bone spurs. As we age, bone spurs (bone overgrowth) often develop on the underside of the acromion bone. When we lift our arms, the spurs rub on the rotator cuff tendon. This condition is called shoulder impingement, and over time will weaken the tendon and make it more likely to tear.\n\n#### Risk Factors\n\nBecause most rotator cuff tears are largely caused by the normal wear and tear\nthat goes along with aging, people over 40 are at greater risk.\n\nPeople who do repetitive lifting or overhead activities are also at risk for\nrotator cuff tears. Athletes are especially vulnerable to overuse tears,\nparticularly tennis players and baseball pitchers. Painters, carpenters, and\nothers who do overhead work also have a greater chance for tears.\n\nAlthough overuse tears caused by sports activity or overhead work also occur\nin younger people, most tears in young adults are caused by a traumatic\ninjury, like a fall.\n\nTop of page\n\nSymptoms\n\nThe most common symptoms of a rotator cuff tear include:\n\n * Pain at rest and at night, particularly if lying on the affected shoulder\n * Pain when lifting and lowering your arm or with specific movements\n * Weakness when lifting or rotating your arm\n * Crepitus or crackling sensation when moving your shoulder in certain positions\n\nA rotator cuff injury can make it painful to lift your arm.\n\nTears that happen suddenly, such as from a fall, usually cause intense pain.\nThere may be a snapping sensation and immediate weakness in your upper arm.\n\nTears that develop slowly due to overuse also cause pain and arm weakness. You\nmay have pain in the shoulder when you lift your arm, or pain that moves down\nyour arm. At first, the pain may be mild and only present when lifting your\narm over your head, such as reaching into a cupboard. Over-the-counter\nmedication, such as aspirin or ibuprofen, may relieve the pain at first.\n\nOver time, the pain may become more noticeable at rest, and no longer goes\naway with medications. You may have pain when you lie on the painful side at\nnight. The pain and weakness in the shoulder may make routine activities such\nas combing your hair or reaching behind your back more difficult.\n\nIt should be noted that some rotator cuff tears are not painful. These tears,\nhowever, may still result in arm weakness and other symptoms.\n\nTop of page\n\nDoctor Examination\n\n#### Medical History and Physical Examination\n\nAfter discussing your symptoms and medical history, your doctor will examine\nyour shoulder. He or she will check to see whether it is tender in any area or\nwhether there is a deformity. To measure the range of motion of your shoulder,\nyour doctor will have you move your arm in several different directions. He or\nshe will also test your arm strength.\n\nYour doctor will test your range of motion by having you move your arm in\ndifferent directions.\n\nReproduced with permission from JF Sarwark, ed: Essentials of Musculoskeletal\nCare, ed 4. Rosemont, IL, American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, 2010.\n\nYour doctor will check for other problems with your shoulder joint. He or she\nmay also examine your neck to make sure that the pain is not coming from a\n\"pinched nerve,\" and to rule out other conditions, such as arthritis.\n\n#### Imaging Tests\n\nOther tests which may help your doctor confirm your diagnosis include:\n\n * X-rays. The first imaging tests performed are usually x-rays. Because x-rays do not show the soft tissues of your shoulder like the rotator cuff, plain x-rays of a shoulder with rotator cuff pain are usually normal or may show a small bone spur.\n * Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or ultrasound. These studies can better show soft tissues like the rotator cuff tendons. They can show the rotator cuff tear, as well as where the tear is located within the tendon and the size of the tear. An MRI can also give your doctor a better idea of how \"old\" or \"new\" a tear is because it can show the quality of the rotator cuff muscles.\n\nTop of page\n\nTreatment\n\nIf you have a rotator cuff tear and you keep using it despite increasing pain,\nyou may cause further damage. A rotator cuff tear can get larger over time.\n\nChronic shoulder and arm pain are good reasons to see your doctor. Early\ntreatment can prevent your symptoms from getting worse. It will also get you\nback to your normal routine that much quicker.\n\nThe goal of any treatment is to reduce pain and restore function. There are\nseveral treatment options for a rotator cuff tear, and the best option is\ndifferent for every person. In planning your treatment, your doctor will\nconsider your age, activity level, general health, and the type of tear you\nhave.\n\nThere is no evidence of better results from surgery performed near the time of\ninjury versus later on. For this reason, many doctors first recommend\nmanagement of rotator cuff tears with physical therapy and other nonsurgical\ntreatments.\n\n#### Nonsurgical Treatment\n\nIn about 80% of patients, nonsurgical treatment relieves pain and improves\nfunction in the shoulder.\n\nNonsurgical treatment options may include:\n\n * Rest. Your doctor may suggest rest and limiting overhead activities. He or she may also prescribe a sling to help protect your shoulder and keep it still.\n * Activity modification. Avoid activities that cause shoulder pain.\n * Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medication. Drugs like ibuprofen and naproxen reduce pain and swelling.\n * Strengthening exercises and physical therapy. Specific exercises will restore movement and strengthen your shoulder. Your exercise program will include stretches to improve flexibility and range of motion. Strengthening the muscles that support your shoulder can relieve pain and prevent further injury.\n * Steroid injection. If rest, medications, and physical therapy do not relieve your pain, an injection of a local anesthetic and a cortisone preparation may be helpful. Cortisone is a very effective anti-inflammatory medicine; however, it is not effective for all patients.\n\nA cortisone injection may relieve painful symptoms.\n\nThe chief advantage of nonsurgical treatment is that it avoids the major risks\nof surgery, such as:\n\n * Infection\n * Permanent stiffness\n * Anesthesia complications\n * Sometimes lengthy recovery time\n\nThe disadvantages of nonsurgical treatment are:\n\n * Size of tear may increase over time\n * Activities may need to be limited\n\n#### Surgical Treatment\n\nYour doctor may recommend surgery if your pain does not improve with\nnonsurgical methods. Continued pain is the main indication for surgery. If you\nare very active and use your arms for overhead work or sports, your doctor may\nalso suggest surgery.\n\nOther signs that surgery may be a good option for you include:\n\n * Your symptoms have lasted 6 to 12 months\n * You have a large tear (more than 3 cm) and the quality of the surrounding tissue is good\n * You have significant weakness and loss of function in your shoulder\n * Your tear was caused by a recent, acute injury\n\nSurgery to repair a torn rotator cuff most often involves re-attaching the\ntendon to the head of humerus (upper arm bone). There are a few options for\nrepairing rotator cuff tears. Your orthopaedic surgeon will discuss with you\nthe best procedure to meet your individual health needs.\n\nContinue to next page: Rotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment OptionsRotator\nCuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options (topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: March 2017\n\nContributed and/or Updated by: April D. Armstrong, MD; George S. Athwal, MD\n\nPeer-Reviewed by: Stuart J. Fischer, MD; J. Michael Wiater, MD\n\nContributor Disclosure Information\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00604)\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00741)\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00378)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nShoulder Pain\n\nShoulder Pain (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00065)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program (/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Articles\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406)\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n\nDesgarres del manguito de los rotadores\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00604)\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n\nPatient Story: Rotator Cuff Tear\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00741)\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n\nRotator Cuff Tears: Frequently Asked Questions\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00378)\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy\n\nShoulder Arthroscopy (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00589)\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n\nShoulder Impingement/Rotator Cuff Tendinitis\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00032)\n\nShoulder Pain\n\nShoulder Pain (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00065)\n\nRelated Resources\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program\n\nRotator Cuff and Shoulder Conditioning Program (/PDFs/Rehab_Shoulder_5.pdf)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. 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},
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"original_url": "https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506041332/https://www.aafp.org/afp/2000/0601/p3291.html",
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"title": "The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders",
"passages": [
"This is the second of a two-part article on the painful shoulder. Part I, “Clinical Evaluation,” appeared in Am Fam Physician 2000;61:3079–88.",
"Fractures of the humerus, scapula and clavicle usually result from a direct blow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Most can be treated by immobilization. Dislocation of the humerus, strain or sprain of the acromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints, and rotator cuff injury often can be managed conservatively. Recurrence is a problem with humerus dislocation, and surgical management may be indicated if conservative treatment fails. Rotator cuff tears are often hard to diagnose because of muscle atrophy that impairs the patient's ability to perform diagnostic maneuvers. Chronic shoulder problems usually fall into one of several categories, which include impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder and biceps tendonitis. Other causes of chronic shoulder pain are labral injury, osteoarthritis of the glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joint and, rarely, osteolysis of the distal clavicle.",
"Shoulder pain is a common complaint in family practice. Knowledge of the acute and chronic disorders that commonly cause shoulder pain is important because many of them can be managed without referral to a subspecialist.1 This article reviews common causes of shoulder pain and discusses imaging, treatment and indications for referral.",
"Clavicular fractures are common, accounting for one of every 20 fractures.2 Most occur in the middle one third of the clavicle. Patients with fracture of the proximal or medial clavicle often have concomitant posterior dislocation of the sternoclavicular joint. Clavicular fractures usually occur during a fall onto an outstretched hand, although some result from a blow to the shoulder. Because the clavicle is directly beneath the skin, these fractures are relatively easy to diagnose: palpation will reveal point tenderness or an obvious deformity. A complete neurovascular examination of the upper extremities should be performed to identify any associated brachial plexus or vascular injuries.",
"Verification of clinical findings with radiographs is important, particularly to determine whether the patient has a displaced fracture of the proximal or distal clavicle, which may require referral for orthopedic care. A standard anteroposterior (AP) view and an AP view taken with the x-ray beam tilted 45 degrees (cephalic tilt view) are usually adequate. In a patient with substantial trauma, a chest film should be obtained to exclude a concomitant pneumothorax or rib injuries.",
"Treatment of most clavicular fractures is conservative and consists of a figure-of-eight strap or sling worn for two to four weeks, primarily for comfort. A follow-up radiograph can be obtained four to six weeks after the injury to ensure adequate positioning and healing.",
"Displaced distal clavicular fractures may result in disruption of the stabilizing ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint. Fractures of this type are more difficult to immobilize properly, and patients with this problem should generally be referred to an orthopedist for further evaluation.",
"Humeral fractures are most commonly caused by a direct blow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Physical examination frequently reveals crepitus at the fracture site. Ecchymosis often occurs within 24 to 48 hours of the injury.",
"AP and lateral radiographs of the humerus will usually show the fracture. An axillary view should be included if the patient is able to perform the necessary maneuvers (Figure 1). This view is most appropriate for diagnosing dislocations or subtle scapular fractures, particularly those of the coracoid process.3 Because the patient must be able to abduct the arm sufficiently, an axillary view can be difficult to obtain and interpret. The Y view (scapular lateral view) is useful if the patient is unable to abduct the arm (Figure 2).",
"Fractures of the greater tuberosity may be best visualized with an axillary or a Y view. Additional AP views with the humerus in internal and external rotation are sometimes necessary.3",
"The treatment of stable proximal humeral fractures (those displaced less than 1 cm) consists of a shoulder immobilizer to prevent external rotation and abduction. Referral for surgical treatment may be required for complex fractures (three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures), those involving the anatomic neck, fractures displaced more than 1 cm or those associated with neurovascular injury.4 Follow-up radiographs should be obtained early in treatment to ensure that the fracture fragment has not displaced.",
"Scapular fractures, which are uncommon,5 result from a direct blow to the scapular area or from extremely high-force impact elsewhere to the thorax. The patient usually has tenderness at the fracture site, and arm abduction is painful. The neck and scapular body are most commonly involved.",
"Most scapular fractures can be adequately seen with AP and axillary or lateral views of the shoulder. If other injuries are suspected or if the patient was involved in a high-speed or high-force trauma, a chest film and trauma series of the humerus on the affected side should be considered.",
"Treatment usually consists of a sling for comfort. Range-of-motion exercises are begun as soon as acute pain resolves, usually within two weeks. Early mobilization is important to avoid loss of range of motion, possibly leading to frozen shoulder. Orthopedic referral is indicated for patients with fractures that are unstable or that involve the articular site.",
"The glenohumeral joint is normally bathed in a small amount (less than 1 mL) of free synovial fluid. Under normal conditions, the intraarticular pressure is negative, which creates a relative vacuum that resists bony translation.6",
"The humeral head can dislocate anteriorly, posteriorly or inferiorly in relation to the glenoid fossa. Most shoulder dislocations are anterior. Patients usually hold the affected arm in external rotation and abduction. The humeral head usually is palpable anteriorly, and the diagnosis is often confirmed by locating a dimple in the skin beneath the acromion.",
"Posterior dislocation is uncommon, and diagnosis is often delayed. Typically, the patient presents with the arm held close to the body in abduction and internal rotation. Usually, external rotation (active and passive) and forward elevation are extremely limited.",
"Younger athletes and older adults can have a fractured proximal clavicle rather than a dislocation with a similar mechanism of injury.",
"The diagnosis of glenohumeral dislocation is confirmed with at least two radiographic views of the affected shoulder. A true AP view, with the x-ray beam perpendicular to the plane of the scapula, usually reveals an anterior dislocation but can miss a posterior dislocation. An axillary or a Y view provides a more accurate picture of the anteroposterior position of the humeral head relative to the glenoid fossa3 (Figure 3). If the diagnosis is still unclear after plain films have been obtained, a computed tomographic (CT) scan should be considered. Care should be taken to look for an avulsion fracture of the glenoid (Bankart lesion). This injury usually requires surgical repair (Figure 4).",
"Computed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending off the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.",
"Computed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending off the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.",
"A patient with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation often has subtle clinical findings. Tenderness may be noted over the posterior aspect of the shoulder. The anterior apprehension test usually causes more pain than apprehension. A Hill-Sachs lesion (a bony defect in the posterolateral portion of the humeral head) occurs in more than 50 percent of patients with a primary dislocation.7 This lesion is associated with an increased risk of recurrent dislocation (Table 1).",
"Shoulder dislocation is treated with relocation of the humerus (using the method with which the clinician is most familiar) and immobilization, to permit capsular healing. Mobilization of the shoulder and the elbow can usually be resumed within seven to 10 days following injury. Early range-of- motion exercises are important, particularly in older patients, to prevent complications such as frozen shoulder.",
"A more aggressive rehabilitation program with a shorter course of immobilization has been advocated for elite athletes.8,9 Reported recurrence rates of anterior dislocations, particularly in younger athletes who throw overhead, are as high as 90 percent,10,11 although a recent prospective Swedish study demonstrated lower rates of recurrence.7",
"The classic treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocations has been open surgery and a Bankart repair (surgical repair of a detachment of the labrum to the glenoid). This approach has a success rate as high as 95 percent.12 In a recent study of young athletes, arthroscopic Bankart repair was compared with three weeks of immobilization for the treatment of an initial anterior shoulder dislocation. The group treated surgically had fewer episodes of recurrent instability than the group managed with immobilization.9 Based on these results, early surgery may have a role in the treatment of high- performance athletes with anterior glenohumeral dislocation.",
"A common injury among athletes and active patients is acromioclavicular (AC) sprain, also referred to as “shoulder separation.” The current classification system recognizes six grades of AC ligamentous injuries (Table 2).13 A direct blow to the superior aspect of the shoulder or a lateral blow to the deltoid area often produces this injury. Occasionally, an AC sprain results from falling onto an outstretched hand.",
"Adapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.",
"Adapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.",
"On examination, the patient has well-localized swelling and tenderness over the AC joint. When an AC joint injury is suspected, the patient should be examined in the sitting position because the weight of the arm in the standing position stresses the AC joint and may exaggerate an existing problem. A palpable “stepped” deformity between the acromion and the clavicle indicates a more severe injury, possibly a complete dislocation. An AP view of the shoulder usually confirms the diagnosis. An axillary view should be obtained if a grade 4 to grade 6 injury is suspected.",
"Most patients with grades 1 and 2 injuries can be treated without surgery. In some patients, however, a grade 2 lesion can be difficult to differentiate from a grade 3 injury on routine radiographs if the patient supports the injured side. Patients with grade 3 and higher injuries should generally be referred to an orthopedist for possible operative repair. Grades 2 and 3 injuries are often associated with chronic AC joint pain.",
"Anterior sternoclavicular (SC) joint separation occurs when the medial end of the clavicle is displaced anteriorly or anterosuperiorly with respect to the anterior border of the sternum. This injury is most commonly the result of a motor vehicle crash.14 The patient with an SC joint injury will complain of pain, particularly with shoulder adduction. Localized tenderness and deformity are often noted. The head may be tilted toward the side of the dislocation. When the patient is supine, the discomfort is often exacerbated, and the patient cannot place the affected shoulder flat on the examining table. A posterior dislocation can be life-threatening because of compression of the trachea and great vessels of the neck.",
"The SC joint and proximal physis of the clavicle can be difficult to see on plain films. A modified radiographic view, such as a 40-degree cephalic tilt view, is often helpful. A CT scan can provide more detail about the extent of injury. Mild SC sprains are usually treated conservatively with a sling or figure-of-eight appliance and progressive range-of-motion exercise. Acute SC dislocations can be managed with closed reduction by experienced physicians, but surgical reduction for definitive management is often required.",
"Tears of the rotator cuff are most common in persons older than 40 years.15 In younger patients, these injuries typically result from trauma. In middle-aged or older patients, a more common presentation is chronic impingement syndrome, often resulting in rupture of the cuff. When a rotator cuff ruptures, the resulting muscular atrophy often limits the patient's ability to perform the necessary diagnostic maneuvers. In these patients, a rotator cuff tear can be difficult to diagnose clinically. An AP view of the glenohumeral joint may show calcific tendonitis of the cuff and superior migration of the humeral head, which should prompt further imaging studies if the clinician suspects a tear15,16 (Table 3).",
"Treatment consists of surgical repair in younger and selected older patients or rehabilitation in patients who are not good candidates for surgery. Early identification of a rotator cuff tear is important so that consultation for possible surgical repair can be considered. Repair within three weeks of injury is recommended to avoid tendon retraction, reinjury, tendon degeneration and muscle atrophy.",
"The rotator cuff occupies the space between the coracoacromial arch and the humerus. With abduction of the arm, the tendons of the rotator cuff can be impinged between the bony structures of the arch and the humerus. The impingement syndrome was described by Neer17,18 as a series of pathologic changes in the supraspinatus tendon: stage I causes hemorrhage and edema; stage II, tendonitis and fibrosis; and stage III, tendon degeneration of the rotator cuff and biceps, bony changes and tendon rupture.",
"Pain related to impingement usually occurs over the anterolateral aspect of the shoulder, often with some radiation to, but not usually beyond, the elbow. Typically, the pain is aggravated by overhead activity and is worse at night. Patients often report a clicking or popping sensation in the affected shoulder. In young throwing athletes with these symptoms, however, the examiner should be concerned about the possibility of a labral disorder. Biceps tendonitis frequently occurs in the later stages of impingement, and rehabilitation can help correct this problem.19",
"The examiner should distinguish between primary and secondary impingement. Initial treatment of both conditions is conservative, but when conservative treatment fails, the surgical approach to the two problems differs markedly. Symptoms in older patients usually reflect chronic overuse and degeneration of the supraspinatus tendon. This process is referred to as primary impingement. For instance, a 65-year-old patient with anterior shoulder pain probably has primary outlet impingement. In contrast, a 17-year-old baseball pitcher is more likely to have secondary impingement, with an underlying problem of instability. This patient will often complain of arm heaviness and numbness (“dead arm” syndrome) rather than shoulder pain.20",
"Therefore, the primary diagnosis in younger throwing athletes is typically subtle glenohumeral instability with secondary impingement and subacromial bursitis noted on examination. Weakness in the scapular stabilizers can play an important role in the development of shoulder problems, particularly in athletes.21 Repeated stresses from overhead motions like throwing can lead to fatigue of the muscles that stabilize the humeral head and prevent anterior subluxation. Secondary impingement, therefore, can occur when the fatigue and dysfunction of the rotator cuff cause the humeral head to migrate superiorly within the glenohumeral joint, impinging the rotator cuff tendon under the coracoacromial arch.",
"Other causes of impingement include a curved or hooked acromion, AC spurring and a thickened coracoacromial ligament.22 Radiographs should be considered if a patient shows no improvement after two to three months of conservative therapy for presumed impingement syndrome (Table 4).23 Degenerative changes at the AC joint, sclerosis, osteophyte formation at the inferior aspect of the acromion and sclerosis or cyst formation at the site of supraspinatus tendon insertion into the greater tuberosity should increase the clinician's suspicion of impingement and chronic rotator cuff tears. In some cases, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other imaging studies (Table 3) may be necessary. T_2-weighted MRI has a reported accuracy of 84 to 100 percent in the diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.15,16",
"Adapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.",
"Adapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.",
"Initial treatment of most patients with impingement syndrome (primary and secondary) is conservative, especially in the acute phase of pain: rest, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), icing and avoiding aggravating activities. It may be necessary to modify the patient's work activities, particularly overhead lifting. After most of the pain has resolved, a rotator cuff strengthening program should be instituted. In some patients, particularly athletes with secondary impingement, scapular rotator cuff strengthening also should be incorporated into the physical therapy program. Athletes with secondary impingement and underlying instability who fail to show improvement with conservative therapy should be referred for consideration of a stabilization procedure. In contrast, an older patient with primary impingement would probably undergo open or arthroscopic subacromial decompression.",
"A corticosteroid injection can be therapeutic and diagnostic in patients with impingement syndrome. If the diagnosis of impingement is uncertain, lidocaine (Xylocaine) and/or bupivacaine (Marcaine) can be injected into the subacromial space. After the drug has dispersed for several minutes, impingement tests can be repeated. A decrease in pain increases the certainty that impingement is the primary process. Corticosteroids are often combined with anesthetics in this procedure. A recent randomized, double-blind study24 noted significant short-term relief of subacromial impingement symptoms with corticosteroid injections.",
"Adhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, results from thickening and contraction of the capsule around the glenohumeral joint and causes loss of motion and pain. Frozen shoulder classically consists of shoulder pain that is slow in onset and presents without any radiographic abnormalities. Usually, the discomfort is localized near the deltoid insertion, the patient is unable to sleep on the affected side and glenohumeral elevation and external rotation are restricted.",
"Frozen shoulder most often occurs as a result of immobility following a shoulder injury. An autoimmune cause of frozen shoulder has been proposed.25,26 The diagnosis is usually made clinically, and physicians should always be concerned about a possible underlying rotator cuff tear. Radiographs often appear normal, although osteopenia of the humeral head may be noted as a result of disuse. Arthrography demonstrates generalized constriction of the joint capsule, with loss of the normal axillary and subscapularis spaces (Table 3). The capsule can be dilated during arthrography, converting the procedure from a diagnostic to a therapeutic one.",
"A carefully designed treatment plan for patients with frozen shoulder may include physical therapy, pain medication such as NSAIDs and, occasionally, intra-articular corticosteroid injection. Surgical referral may be indicated after conservative treatment has failed, although the exact timing of surgery should be decided on an individual basis.",
"Biceps tendonitis results from inflammation of the sheath around the long head of the biceps and is usually manifested by discrete pain and tenderness in the area of the bicipital groove, often occurring concomitantly with impingement syndrome or rotator cuff tear. Management is usually conservative; rest, icing, NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections may all be helpful. When conservative management fails, surgical transfer of the tendon may be necessary.",
"The SLAP lesion (superior labrum anterior and posterior) and other glenoid labral tears are common in throwing athletes who present with a painful shoulder that clicks or pops with motion. Patients often have a positive “clunk” test,27 especially in the overhead position. They may have tenderness to deep palpation over the anterior glenohumeral joint and signs of laxity or instability. Plain films are often normal, and MRI arthrography may be needed to view the torn labrum (Table 3). For patients who do not respond to rest, NSAIDs and physical therapy, arthroscopic or open surgical repair may be indicated.",
"Arthritis of the glenohumeral joint generally causes pain with activity, loss of passive motion and stiffness. Some patients may complain of nighttime pain. Causes of arthritis include previous trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, rotator cuff tear and Lyme disease. Multiple joint involvement is suggestive of rheumatoid arthritis.",
"An AP view of the glenohumeral joint will usually reveal degenerative changes and loss of joint space (Table 2). Treatment is initially conservative, using heat and ice, NSAIDs, range-of-motion exercises and corticosteroid injections. Patients for whom conservative therapy fails can be referred for further evaluation and treatment.",
"Atraumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle is an unusual injury that occurs most often in weight lifters.28 Although its cause remains obscure, the problem most likely begins as a stress fracture. Subsequent bone resorption causes cystic and erosive changes, and bone remodeling cannot occur because of the continual stress imposed on the joint. Patients typically have dull pain over the AC joint, which is often worst at the beginning of an exercise period. Any movement requiring abduction of the arm more than 90 degrees is painful.",
"Plain films of the AC joint and clavicle usually confirm the diagnosis. Key findings include osteopenia and lucency in the distal clavicle (Figure 5). Treatment consists of discontinuing load-bearing activity. Conservative management should be used for as long as the patient will comply. Consideration for resection of the distal clavicle should be individualized according to each patient's functional demands and symptoms.",
"1. Butcher JD, Zukowski CW, Brannen SJ, Fieseler C, O'Connor FG, Farrish S, et al. Patient profile, referral sources, and consultant utilization in a primary care sports medicine clinic. J Fam Pract. 1996;43:556–60....",
"2. Craig EV. Fractures of the clavicle. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1109–71.",
"5. Butters KP. Fractures and dislocations of the scapula. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1163–92.",
"6. Habermeyer P, Schuller U, Wiedemann E. The intra-articular pressure of the shoulder: an experimental study on the role of the glenoid labrum in stabilizing the joint. Arthroscopy. 1992;8:166–72.",
"8. Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, McBride JT. Arthroscopic Bankart repair versus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder dislocations. Am J Sports Med. 1994;22:589–94.",
"9. Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, Arciero RA, Molinari RN. Arthroscopic versus nonoperative treatment of acute shoulder dislocations in young athletes. Arthroscopy. 1989;5:213–7.",
"13. Rockwood CA Jr, Williams GR, Young DC. Injuries to the acromioclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1341–407.",
"14. Rockwood CA Jr. Disorders of the sternoclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Matsen FA, eds. The shoulder. 2d ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders, 1998.",
"16. Burk DL Jr, Karasick D, Kurtz AB, Mitchell DG, Rifkin MD, Miller CL, et al. Rotator cuff tears: prospective comparison of MR imaging with arthrography, sonography, and surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153:87–92.",
"18. Neer CS 2d. Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome in the shoulder: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1972;54:41–50.",
"21. Chandler TJ, Kibler WB, Stracener EC, Ziegler AK, Pace B. Shoulder strength, power, and endurance in college tennis players. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:455–8.",
"22. Bigliani LU, Morrison DS, April EW. The morphology of the acromion and its relationship to rotator cuff tears [Abstract]. Orthop Trans. 1986;10:228.",
"Members of various family practice departments develop articles for “Problem- Oriented Diagnosis.” This article is one in a series coordinated by the Department of Family Medicine at the University of Wisconsin Medical School, Madison. Guest editor of the series is William E. Scheckler, M.D.",
"Copyright © 2000 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is owned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the material and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non- commercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied, printed, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or later invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact afpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders - American Family\nPhysician\n\nAdvertisement\n\n<< Previous article\n\nNext article >>\n\nJun 1, 2000 Issue\n\n# The Painful Shoulder: Part II. Acute and Chronic Disorders\n\nTHOMAS W. WOODWARD, M.D., and THOMAS M. BEST, M.D., PH.D., University of\nWisconsin Medical School, Madison, Wisconsin\n\nAm Fam Physician. 2000 Jun 1;61(11):3291-3300.\n\nThis is the second of a two-part article on the painful shoulder. Part I,\n“Clinical Evaluation,” appeared in Am Fam Physician 2000;61:3079–88.\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\n### Article Sections\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nFractures of the humerus, scapula and clavicle usually result from a direct\nblow or a fall onto an outstretched hand. Most can be treated by\nimmobilization. Dislocation of the humerus, strain or sprain of the\nacromioclavicular and sternoclavicular joints, and rotator cuff injury often\ncan be managed conservatively. Recurrence is a problem with humerus\ndislocation, and surgical management may be indicated if conservative\ntreatment fails. Rotator cuff tears are often hard to diagnose because of\nmuscle atrophy that impairs the patient's ability to perform diagnostic\nmaneuvers. Chronic shoulder problems usually fall into one of several\ncategories, which include impingement syndrome, frozen shoulder and biceps\ntendonitis. Other causes of chronic shoulder pain are labral injury,\nosteoarthritis of the glenohumeral or acromioclavicular joint and, rarely,\nosteolysis of the distal clavicle.\n\nShoulder pain is a common complaint in family practice. Knowledge of the acute\nand chronic disorders that commonly cause shoulder pain is important because\nmany of them can be managed without referral to a subspecialist.1 This article\nreviews common causes of shoulder pain and discusses imaging, treatment and\nindications for referral.\n\n## Clavicular Fractures\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nClavicular fractures are common, accounting for one of every 20 fractures.2\nMost occur in the middle one third of the clavicle. Patients with fracture of\nthe proximal or medial clavicle often have concomitant posterior dislocation\nof the sternoclavicular joint. Clavicular fractures usually occur during a\nfall onto an outstretched hand, although some result from a blow to the\nshoulder. Because the clavicle is directly beneath the skin, these fractures\nare relatively easy to diagnose: palpation will reveal point tenderness or an\nobvious deformity. A complete neurovascular examination of the upper\nextremities should be performed to identify any associated brachial plexus or\nvascular injuries.\n\nVerification of clinical findings with radiographs is important, particularly\nto determine whether the patient has a displaced fracture of the proximal or\ndistal clavicle, which may require referral for orthopedic care. A standard\nanteroposterior (AP) view and an AP view taken with the x-ray beam tilted 45\ndegrees (cephalic tilt view) are usually adequate. In a patient with\nsubstantial trauma, a chest film should be obtained to exclude a concomitant\npneumothorax or rib injuries.\n\nTreatment of most clavicular fractures is conservative and consists of a\nfigure-of-eight strap or sling worn for two to four weeks, primarily for\ncomfort. A follow-up radiograph can be obtained four to six weeks after the\ninjury to ensure adequate positioning and healing.\n\nDisplaced distal clavicular fractures may result in disruption of the\nstabilizing ligaments of the acromioclavicular joint. Fractures of this type\nare more difficult to immobilize properly, and patients with this problem\nshould generally be referred to an orthopedist for further evaluation.\n\n## Proximal Humeral Fractures\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nHumeral fractures are most commonly caused by a direct blow or a fall onto an\noutstretched hand. Physical examination frequently reveals crepitus at the\nfracture site. Ecchymosis often occurs within 24 to 48 hours of the injury.\n\nAP and lateral radiographs of the humerus will usually show the fracture. An\naxillary view should be included if the patient is able to perform the\nnecessary maneuvers (Figure 1). This view is most appropriate for diagnosing\ndislocations or subtle scapular fractures, particularly those of the coracoid\nprocess.3 Because the patient must be able to abduct the arm sufficiently, an\naxillary view can be difficult to obtain and interpret. The Y view (scapular\nlateral view) is useful if the patient is unable to abduct the arm (Figure 2).\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 1.\n\nRadiographs of the shoulder. (Left) True anteroposterior view. (Right)\nAxillary lateral view.\n\nFIGURE 1.\n\nRadiographs of the shoulder. (Left) True anteroposterior view. (Right)\nAxillary lateral view.\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 2.\n\nY view showing the scapula laterally. The humeral head normally overlies the\nglenoid cavity.\n\nFIGURE 2.\n\nY view showing the scapula laterally. The humeral head normally overlies the\nglenoid cavity.\n\nFractures of the greater tuberosity may be best visualized with an axillary or\na Y view. Additional AP views with the humerus in internal and external\nrotation are sometimes necessary.3\n\nThe treatment of stable proximal humeral fractures (those displaced less than\n1 cm) consists of a shoulder immobilizer to prevent external rotation and\nabduction. Referral for surgical treatment may be required for complex\nfractures (three- and four-part proximal humeral fractures), those involving\nthe anatomic neck, fractures displaced more than 1 cm or those associated with\nneurovascular injury.4 Follow-up radiographs should be obtained early in\ntreatment to ensure that the fracture fragment has not displaced.\n\n## Scapular Fractures\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nScapular fractures, which are uncommon,5 result from a direct blow to the\nscapular area or from extremely high-force impact elsewhere to the thorax. The\npatient usually has tenderness at the fracture site, and arm abduction is\npainful. The neck and scapular body are most commonly involved.\n\nMost scapular fractures can be adequately seen with AP and axillary or lateral\nviews of the shoulder. If other injuries are suspected or if the patient was\ninvolved in a high-speed or high-force trauma, a chest film and trauma series\nof the humerus on the affected side should be considered.\n\nTreatment usually consists of a sling for comfort. Range-of-motion exercises\nare begun as soon as acute pain resolves, usually within two weeks. Early\nmobilization is important to avoid loss of range of motion, possibly leading\nto frozen shoulder. Orthopedic referral is indicated for patients with\nfractures that are unstable or that involve the articular site.\n\n## Glenohumeral Dislocation\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nThe glenohumeral joint is normally bathed in a small amount (less than 1 mL)\nof free synovial fluid. Under normal conditions, the intraarticular pressure\nis negative, which creates a relative vacuum that resists bony translation.6\n\nThe humeral head can dislocate anteriorly, posteriorly or inferiorly in\nrelation to the glenoid fossa. Most shoulder dislocations are anterior.\nPatients usually hold the affected arm in external rotation and abduction. The\nhumeral head usually is palpable anteriorly, and the diagnosis is often\nconfirmed by locating a dimple in the skin beneath the acromion.\n\nPosterior dislocation is uncommon, and diagnosis is often delayed. Typically,\nthe patient presents with the arm held close to the body in abduction and\ninternal rotation. Usually, external rotation (active and passive) and forward\nelevation are extremely limited.\n\nYounger athletes and older adults can have a fractured proximal clavicle\nrather than a dislocation with a similar mechanism of injury.\n\nThe diagnosis of glenohumeral dislocation is confirmed with at least two\nradiographic views of the affected shoulder. A true AP view, with the x-ray\nbeam perpendicular to the plane of the scapula, usually reveals an anterior\ndislocation but can miss a posterior dislocation. An axillary or a Y view\nprovides a more accurate picture of the anteroposterior position of the\nhumeral head relative to the glenoid fossa3 (Figure 3). If the diagnosis is\nstill unclear after plain films have been obtained, a computed tomographic\n(CT) scan should be considered. Care should be taken to look for an avulsion\nfracture of the glenoid (Bankart lesion). This injury usually requires\nsurgical repair (Figure 4).\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 3.\n\nAnteroposterior views of the shoulder, showing anterior dislocation (left) and\nnormal alignment after reduction (right).\n\nFIGURE 3.\n\nAnteroposterior views of the shoulder, showing anterior dislocation (left) and\nnormal alignment after reduction (right).\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 4.\n\nComputed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending\noff the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\n\nFIGURE 4.\n\nComputed tomographic arthrogram showing a Bankart lesion with a spur extending\noff the inferior glenoid. The anteroinferior labrum is absent.\n\nA patient with recurrent anterior shoulder dislocation often has subtle\nclinical findings. Tenderness may be noted over the posterior aspect of the\nshoulder. The anterior apprehension test usually causes more pain than\napprehension. A Hill-Sachs lesion (a bony defect in the posterolateral portion\nof the humeral head) occurs in more than 50 percent of patients with a primary\ndislocation.7 This lesion is associated with an increased risk of recurrent\ndislocation (Table 1).\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 1\n\n#### Complications of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation\n\nComplication| Incidence \n---|--- \n \nRecurrent dislocation\n\n|\n\nDecreased occurrence with age \n \nBony injury\n\n|\n\nHill-Sachs lesion* in > 50% of patients with primary dislocation \n \nRotator cuff tear\n\n|\n\n50% in patients < age 40; 80% in those > 60 \n \nVascular injury\n\n|\n\nIncreased occurrence with advanced age \n \nNeurologic injury\n\n|\n\nMost common in axillary nerve \n \nArthropathy\n\n|\n\n20% of patients 10 years after dislocation \n \n*—Bony defect in posterolateral humeral head.\n\nInformation from Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R,\nThorling J. Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a\nten-year prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1996;78:1677–84.\n\nTABLE 1\n\n#### Complications of Anterior Shoulder Dislocation\n\nComplication| Incidence \n---|--- \n \nRecurrent dislocation\n\n|\n\nDecreased occurrence with age \n \nBony injury\n\n|\n\nHill-Sachs lesion* in > 50% of patients with primary dislocation \n \nRotator cuff tear\n\n|\n\n50% in patients < age 40; 80% in those > 60 \n \nVascular injury\n\n|\n\nIncreased occurrence with advanced age \n \nNeurologic injury\n\n|\n\nMost common in axillary nerve \n \nArthropathy\n\n|\n\n20% of patients 10 years after dislocation \n \n*—Bony defect in posterolateral humeral head.\n\nInformation from Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R,\nThorling J. Primary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a\nten-year prospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am] 1996;78:1677–84.\n\nShoulder dislocation is treated with relocation of the humerus (using the\nmethod with which the clinician is most familiar) and immobilization, to\npermit capsular healing. Mobilization of the shoulder and the elbow can\nusually be resumed within seven to 10 days following injury. Early range-of-\nmotion exercises are important, particularly in older patients, to prevent\ncomplications such as frozen shoulder.\n\nA more aggressive rehabilitation program with a shorter course of\nimmobilization has been advocated for elite athletes.8,9 Reported recurrence\nrates of anterior dislocations, particularly in younger athletes who throw\noverhead, are as high as 90 percent,10,11 although a recent prospective\nSwedish study demonstrated lower rates of recurrence.7\n\nThe classic treatment of recurrent shoulder dislocations has been open surgery\nand a Bankart repair (surgical repair of a detachment of the labrum to the\nglenoid). This approach has a success rate as high as 95 percent.12 In a\nrecent study of young athletes, arthroscopic Bankart repair was compared with\nthree weeks of immobilization for the treatment of an initial anterior\nshoulder dislocation. The group treated surgically had fewer episodes of\nrecurrent instability than the group managed with immobilization.9 Based on\nthese results, early surgery may have a role in the treatment of high-\nperformance athletes with anterior glenohumeral dislocation.\n\n## Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nA common injury among athletes and active patients is acromioclavicular (AC)\nsprain, also referred to as “shoulder separation.” The current classification\nsystem recognizes six grades of AC ligamentous injuries (Table 2).13 A direct\nblow to the superior aspect of the shoulder or a lateral blow to the deltoid\narea often produces this injury. Occasionally, an AC sprain results from\nfalling onto an outstretched hand.\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 2\n\n#### Classification of Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries\n\nLigaments or joint| Grade 1| Grade 2| Grade 3| Grade 4| Grade 5| Grade 6 \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nAcromioclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAcromioclavicular joint\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nSeparated\n\n|\n\nRuptured \n \nCoracoclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAdapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP,\nBucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia,\nPa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\n\nTABLE 2\n\n#### Classification of Acromioclavicular (AC) Joint Injuries\n\nLigaments or joint| Grade 1| Grade 2| Grade 3| Grade 4| Grade 5| Grade 6 \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nAcromioclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAcromioclavicular joint\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nSeparated\n\n|\n\nRuptured \n \nCoracoclavicular ligaments\n\n|\n\nIntact\n\n|\n\nSprained\n\n|\n\nDisrupted or slight vertical separation\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted\n\n|\n\nDisrupted \n \nAdapted with permission from Rockwood CA Jr. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP,\nBucholz RW. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia,\nPa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996;1341–407.\n\nOn examination, the patient has well-localized swelling and tenderness over\nthe AC joint. When an AC joint injury is suspected, the patient should be\nexamined in the sitting position because the weight of the arm in the standing\nposition stresses the AC joint and may exaggerate an existing problem. A\npalpable “stepped” deformity between the acromion and the clavicle indicates a\nmore severe injury, possibly a complete dislocation. An AP view of the\nshoulder usually confirms the diagnosis. An axillary view should be obtained\nif a grade 4 to grade 6 injury is suspected.\n\nMost patients with grades 1 and 2 injuries can be treated without surgery. In\nsome patients, however, a grade 2 lesion can be difficult to differentiate\nfrom a grade 3 injury on routine radiographs if the patient supports the\ninjured side. Patients with grade 3 and higher injuries should generally be\nreferred to an orthopedist for possible operative repair. Grades 2 and 3\ninjuries are often associated with chronic AC joint pain.\n\n## Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nAnterior sternoclavicular (SC) joint separation occurs when the medial end of\nthe clavicle is displaced anteriorly or anterosuperiorly with respect to the\nanterior border of the sternum. This injury is most commonly the result of a\nmotor vehicle crash.14 The patient with an SC joint injury will complain of\npain, particularly with shoulder adduction. Localized tenderness and deformity\nare often noted. The head may be tilted toward the side of the dislocation.\nWhen the patient is supine, the discomfort is often exacerbated, and the\npatient cannot place the affected shoulder flat on the examining table. A\nposterior dislocation can be life-threatening because of compression of the\ntrachea and great vessels of the neck.\n\nThe SC joint and proximal physis of the clavicle can be difficult to see on\nplain films. A modified radiographic view, such as a 40-degree cephalic tilt\nview, is often helpful. A CT scan can provide more detail about the extent of\ninjury. Mild SC sprains are usually treated conservatively with a sling or\nfigure-of-eight appliance and progressive range-of-motion exercise. Acute SC\ndislocations can be managed with closed reduction by experienced physicians,\nbut surgical reduction for definitive management is often required.\n\n## Rotator Cuff Tear\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nTears of the rotator cuff are most common in persons older than 40 years.15 In\nyounger patients, these injuries typically result from trauma. In middle-aged\nor older patients, a more common presentation is chronic impingement syndrome,\noften resulting in rupture of the cuff. When a rotator cuff ruptures, the\nresulting muscular atrophy often limits the patient's ability to perform the\nnecessary diagnostic maneuvers. In these patients, a rotator cuff tear can be\ndifficult to diagnose clinically. An AP view of the glenohumeral joint may\nshow calcific tendonitis of the cuff and superior migration of the humeral\nhead, which should prompt further imaging studies if the clinician suspects a\ntear15,16 (Table 3).\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 3\n\n#### Imaging Studies of the Shoulder\n\nImaging modality| Advantages| Disadvantages \n---|---|--- \n \nMRI\n\n|\n\n95% sensitivity and specificity in detecting complete rotator cuff tears, cuff\ndegeneration, chronic tendonitis and partial cuff tears\n\n|\n\nOften identifies an apparent “abnormality” in an asymptomatic patient \n \nNo ionizing radiation \n \nArthrography\n\n|\n\nGood at identifying complete rotator cuff tear or adhesive capsulitis (frozen\nshoulder)\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nRelatively poor at diagnosing a partial rotator cuff tear \n \nUltrasonography\n\n|\n\nAccurately diagnoses complete rotator cuff tears\n\n|\n\nLess useful in identifying partial cuff tears \n \nOperator-dependent interpretation \n \nMRI arthrography\n\n|\n\nReliably identifies full-thickness rotator cuff tears and labral tears\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nCT scanning\n\n|\n\nMay be useful in diagnosis of subtle dislocation\n\n|\n\nIonizing radiation \n \nMRI = magnetic resonance imaging; CT = computed tomographic.\n\nTABLE 3\n\n#### Imaging Studies of the Shoulder\n\nImaging modality| Advantages| Disadvantages \n---|---|--- \n \nMRI\n\n|\n\n95% sensitivity and specificity in detecting complete rotator cuff tears, cuff\ndegeneration, chronic tendonitis and partial cuff tears\n\n|\n\nOften identifies an apparent “abnormality” in an asymptomatic patient \n \nNo ionizing radiation \n \nArthrography\n\n|\n\nGood at identifying complete rotator cuff tear or adhesive capsulitis (frozen\nshoulder)\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nRelatively poor at diagnosing a partial rotator cuff tear \n \nUltrasonography\n\n|\n\nAccurately diagnoses complete rotator cuff tears\n\n|\n\nLess useful in identifying partial cuff tears \n \nOperator-dependent interpretation \n \nMRI arthrography\n\n|\n\nReliably identifies full-thickness rotator cuff tears and labral tears\n\n|\n\nInvasive \n \nCT scanning\n\n|\n\nMay be useful in diagnosis of subtle dislocation\n\n|\n\nIonizing radiation \n \nMRI = magnetic resonance imaging; CT = computed tomographic.\n\nTreatment consists of surgical repair in younger and selected older patients\nor rehabilitation in patients who are not good candidates for surgery. Early\nidentification of a rotator cuff tear is important so that consultation for\npossible surgical repair can be considered. Repair within three weeks of\ninjury is recommended to avoid tendon retraction, reinjury, tendon\ndegeneration and muscle atrophy.\n\n## Impingement Syndrome\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nThe rotator cuff occupies the space between the coracoacromial arch and the\nhumerus. With abduction of the arm, the tendons of the rotator cuff can be\nimpinged between the bony structures of the arch and the humerus. The\nimpingement syndrome was described by Neer17,18 as a series of pathologic\nchanges in the supraspinatus tendon: stage I causes hemorrhage and edema;\nstage II, tendonitis and fibrosis; and stage III, tendon degeneration of the\nrotator cuff and biceps, bony changes and tendon rupture.\n\nPain related to impingement usually occurs over the anterolateral aspect of\nthe shoulder, often with some radiation to, but not usually beyond, the elbow.\nTypically, the pain is aggravated by overhead activity and is worse at night.\nPatients often report a clicking or popping sensation in the affected\nshoulder. In young throwing athletes with these symptoms, however, the\nexaminer should be concerned about the possibility of a labral disorder.\nBiceps tendonitis frequently occurs in the later stages of impingement, and\nrehabilitation can help correct this problem.19\n\nThe examiner should distinguish between primary and secondary impingement.\nInitial treatment of both conditions is conservative, but when conservative\ntreatment fails, the surgical approach to the two problems differs markedly.\nSymptoms in older patients usually reflect chronic overuse and degeneration of\nthe supraspinatus tendon. This process is referred to as primary impingement.\nFor instance, a 65-year-old patient with anterior shoulder pain probably has\nprimary outlet impingement. In contrast, a 17-year-old baseball pitcher is\nmore likely to have secondary impingement, with an underlying problem of\ninstability. This patient will often complain of arm heaviness and numbness\n(“dead arm” syndrome) rather than shoulder pain.20\n\nTherefore, the primary diagnosis in younger throwing athletes is typically\nsubtle glenohumeral instability with secondary impingement and subacromial\nbursitis noted on examination. Weakness in the scapular stabilizers can play\nan important role in the development of shoulder problems, particularly in\nathletes.21 Repeated stresses from overhead motions like throwing can lead to\nfatigue of the muscles that stabilize the humeral head and prevent anterior\nsubluxation. Secondary impingement, therefore, can occur when the fatigue and\ndysfunction of the rotator cuff cause the humeral head to migrate superiorly\nwithin the glenohumeral joint, impinging the rotator cuff tendon under the\ncoracoacromial arch.\n\nOther causes of impingement include a curved or hooked acromion, AC spurring\nand a thickened coracoacromial ligament.22 Radiographs should be considered if\na patient shows no improvement after two to three months of conservative\ntherapy for presumed impingement syndrome (Table 4).23 Degenerative changes at\nthe AC joint, sclerosis, osteophyte formation at the inferior aspect of the\nacromion and sclerosis or cyst formation at the site of supraspinatus tendon\ninsertion into the greater tuberosity should increase the clinician's\nsuspicion of impingement and chronic rotator cuff tears. In some cases,\nmagnetic resonance imaging (MRI) or other imaging studies (Table 3) may be\nnecessary. T_2-weighted MRI has a reported accuracy of 84 to 100 percent in\nthe diagnosis of rotator cuff tears.15,16\n\nView/Print Table\n\nTABLE 4\n\n#### Suggested Radiographs for Anterior Shoulder Pain\n\nRadiograph| Abnormality best visualized \n---|--- \n \nAP view of glenohumeral joint\n\n|\n\nDegenerative glenohumeral changes \n \nAC joint\n\n|\n\nAC degenerative changes \n \nAC joint separation \n \nDistal clavicle fracture \n \nAxillary lateral view of shoulder\n\n|\n\nGlenohumeral dislocation \n \nBony Bankart lesion* \n \nSupraspinatus outlet (arch)\n\n|\n\nAbnormality of acromion process \n \nDegenerative changes of anterior acromion \n \nAP = anteroposterior; AC = acromioclavicular.\n\n*—Avulsion fracture of the glenoid.\n\nAdapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and\nsubacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\n\nTABLE 4\n\n#### Suggested Radiographs for Anterior Shoulder Pain\n\nRadiograph| Abnormality best visualized \n---|--- \n \nAP view of glenohumeral joint\n\n|\n\nDegenerative glenohumeral changes \n \nAC joint\n\n|\n\nAC degenerative changes \n \nAC joint separation \n \nDistal clavicle fracture \n \nAxillary lateral view of shoulder\n\n|\n\nGlenohumeral dislocation \n \nBony Bankart lesion* \n \nSupraspinatus outlet (arch)\n\n|\n\nAbnormality of acromion process \n \nDegenerative changes of anterior acromion \n \nAP = anteroposterior; AC = acromioclavicular.\n\n*—Avulsion fracture of the glenoid.\n\nAdapted with permission from Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and\nsubacromial impingement syndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\n\nInitial treatment of most patients with impingement syndrome (primary and\nsecondary) is conservative, especially in the acute phase of pain: rest,\nnonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), icing and avoiding aggravating\nactivities. It may be necessary to modify the patient's work activities,\nparticularly overhead lifting. After most of the pain has resolved, a rotator\ncuff strengthening program should be instituted. In some patients,\nparticularly athletes with secondary impingement, scapular rotator cuff\nstrengthening also should be incorporated into the physical therapy program.\nAthletes with secondary impingement and underlying instability who fail to\nshow improvement with conservative therapy should be referred for\nconsideration of a stabilization procedure. In contrast, an older patient with\nprimary impingement would probably undergo open or arthroscopic subacromial\ndecompression.\n\nA corticosteroid injection can be therapeutic and diagnostic in patients with\nimpingement syndrome. If the diagnosis of impingement is uncertain, lidocaine\n(Xylocaine) and/or bupivacaine (Marcaine) can be injected into the subacromial\nspace. After the drug has dispersed for several minutes, impingement tests can\nbe repeated. A decrease in pain increases the certainty that impingement is\nthe primary process. Corticosteroids are often combined with anesthetics in\nthis procedure. A recent randomized, double-blind study24 noted significant\nshort-term relief of subacromial impingement symptoms with corticosteroid\ninjections.\n\n## Frozen Shoulder\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nAdhesive capsulitis, or frozen shoulder, results from thickening and\ncontraction of the capsule around the glenohumeral joint and causes loss of\nmotion and pain. Frozen shoulder classically consists of shoulder pain that is\nslow in onset and presents without any radiographic abnormalities. Usually,\nthe discomfort is localized near the deltoid insertion, the patient is unable\nto sleep on the affected side and glenohumeral elevation and external rotation\nare restricted.\n\nFrozen shoulder most often occurs as a result of immobility following a\nshoulder injury. An autoimmune cause of frozen shoulder has been\nproposed.25,26 The diagnosis is usually made clinically, and physicians should\nalways be concerned about a possible underlying rotator cuff tear. Radiographs\noften appear normal, although osteopenia of the humeral head may be noted as a\nresult of disuse. Arthrography demonstrates generalized constriction of the\njoint capsule, with loss of the normal axillary and subscapularis spaces\n(Table 3). The capsule can be dilated during arthrography, converting the\nprocedure from a diagnostic to a therapeutic one.\n\nA carefully designed treatment plan for patients with frozen shoulder may\ninclude physical therapy, pain medication such as NSAIDs and, occasionally,\nintra-articular corticosteroid injection. Surgical referral may be indicated\nafter conservative treatment has failed, although the exact timing of surgery\nshould be decided on an individual basis.\n\n## Biceps Tendonitis\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nBiceps tendonitis results from inflammation of the sheath around the long head\nof the biceps and is usually manifested by discrete pain and tenderness in the\narea of the bicipital groove, often occurring concomitantly with impingement\nsyndrome or rotator cuff tear. Management is usually conservative; rest,\nicing, NSAIDs and corticosteroid injections may all be helpful. When\nconservative management fails, surgical transfer of the tendon may be\nnecessary.\n\n## Labral Injury\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nThe SLAP lesion (superior labrum anterior and posterior) and other glenoid\nlabral tears are common in throwing athletes who present with a painful\nshoulder that clicks or pops with motion. Patients often have a positive\n“clunk” test,27 especially in the overhead position. They may have tenderness\nto deep palpation over the anterior glenohumeral joint and signs of laxity or\ninstability. Plain films are often normal, and MRI arthrography may be needed\nto view the torn labrum (Table 3). For patients who do not respond to rest,\nNSAIDs and physical therapy, arthroscopic or open surgical repair may be\nindicated.\n\n## Glenohumeral Arthritis\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nArthritis of the glenohumeral joint generally causes pain with activity, loss\nof passive motion and stiffness. Some patients may complain of nighttime pain.\nCauses of arthritis include previous trauma, rheumatoid arthritis, rotator\ncuff tear and Lyme disease. Multiple joint involvement is suggestive of\nrheumatoid arthritis.\n\nAn AP view of the glenohumeral joint will usually reveal degenerative changes\nand loss of joint space (Table 2). Treatment is initially conservative, using\nheat and ice, NSAIDs, range-of-motion exercises and corticosteroid injections.\nPatients for whom conservative therapy fails can be referred for further\nevaluation and treatment.\n\n## Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n\nJump to section +\n\n * Abstract\n * Clavicular Fractures\n * Proximal Humeral Fractures\n * Scapular Fractures\n * Glenohumeral Dislocation\n * Acromioclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Sternoclavicular Joint Sprain and Separation\n * Rotator Cuff Tear\n * Impingement Syndrome\n * Frozen Shoulder\n * Biceps Tendonitis\n * Labral Injury\n * Glenohumeral Arthritis\n * Osteolysis of the Distal Clavicle\n * References\n\nAtraumatic osteolysis of the distal clavicle is an unusual injury that occurs\nmost often in weight lifters.28 Although its cause remains obscure, the\nproblem most likely begins as a stress fracture. Subsequent bone resorption\ncauses cystic and erosive changes, and bone remodeling cannot occur because of\nthe continual stress imposed on the joint. Patients typically have dull pain\nover the AC joint, which is often worst at the beginning of an exercise\nperiod. Any movement requiring abduction of the arm more than 90 degrees is\npainful.\n\nPlain films of the AC joint and clavicle usually confirm the diagnosis. Key\nfindings include osteopenia and lucency in the distal clavicle (Figure 5).\nTreatment consists of discontinuing load-bearing activity. Conservative\nmanagement should be used for as long as the patient will comply.\nConsideration for resection of the distal clavicle should be individualized\naccording to each patient's functional demands and symptoms.\n\nView/Print Figure\n\nFIGURE 5.\n\nOsteopenia and lucency in a patient with osteolysis of the distal clavicle.\n\nFIGURE 5.\n\nOsteopenia and lucency in a patient with osteolysis of the distal clavicle.\n\nRead the full article.\n\n * Get immediate access, anytime, anywhere.\n * Choose a single article, issue, or full-access subscription.\n * Earn up to 6 CME credits per issue.\n\nAlready a member/subscriber?\n\nLog in >>\n\n|\n\nPurchase Access: See My Optionsclose\n\nAlready a member or subscriber? Log in\n\nBest Value!\n\nGet Full Access\n\nFrom $140\n\nSubscribe\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate, unlimited access to all AFP content\n * More than 130 CME credits per year\n * Access to the AFP app\n * Print delivery option\n\nAccess This Issue\n\n$39.95\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate access to this issue\n * CME credits in this issue\n\nAccess This Article\n\n$20.95\n\n * Includes:\n * Immediate access to this article\n\n \n \n---|--- \n \nTo see the full article, log in or purchase access.\n\n### REFERENCES\n\nshow all references\n\n1\\. Butcher JD, Zukowski CW, Brannen SJ, Fieseler C, O'Connor FG, Farrish S,\net al. Patient profile, referral sources, and consultant utilization in a\nprimary care sports medicine clinic. J Fam Pract. 1996;43:556–60....\n\n2\\. Craig EV. Fractures of the clavicle. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz\nRW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.:\nLippincott-Raven, 1996:1109–71.\n\n3\\. Newberg AH. The radiographic evaluation of shoulder and elbow pain in the\nathlete. Clin Sports Med. 1987;6:785–809.\n\n4\\. Neer CS 2d. Displaced proximal humeral fractures: I. Classification and\nevaluation. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1970;52:1077–89.\n\n5\\. Butters KP. Fractures and dislocations of the scapula. In: Rockwood CA Jr,\nGreen DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's Fractures in adults. 4th ed.\nPhiladelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven, 1996:1163–92.\n\n6\\. Habermeyer P, Schuller U, Wiedemann E. The intra-articular pressure of the\nshoulder: an experimental study on the role of the glenoid labrum in\nstabilizing the joint. Arthroscopy. 1992;8:166–72.\n\n7\\. Hovelius L, Augustini BG, Fredin H, Johansson O, Norlin R, Thorling J.\nPrimary anterior dislocation of the shoulder in young patients: a ten-year\nprospective study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1996;78:1677–84.\n\n8\\. Arciero RA, Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, McBride JT. Arthroscopic Bankart repair\nversus nonoperative treatment for acute, initial anterior shoulder\ndislocations. Am J Sports Med. 1994;22:589–94.\n\n9\\. Wheeler JH, Ryan JB, Arciero RA, Molinari RN. Arthroscopic versus\nnonoperative treatment of acute shoulder dislocations in young athletes.\nArthroscopy. 1989;5:213–7.\n\n10\\. Rowe CR, Sakellarieds HT. Factors related to recurrences of anterior\ndislocations of the shoulder. Clin Orthop. 1961;20:40–8.\n\n11\\. McLaughlin HL, MacLellan DI. Recurrent anterior dislocation of the\nshoulder: II. A comparative study. J Trauma. 1967;7:191–201.\n\n12\\. Rowe CR, Patel D, Southmayd WW. The Bankart procedure: a long-term end-\nresult study. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1978;60:1–16.\n\n13\\. Rockwood CA Jr, Williams GR, Young DC. Injuries to the acromioclavicular\njoint. In: Rockwood CA Jr, Green DP, Bucholz RW, eds. Rockwood and Green's\nFractures in adults. 4th ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Lippincott-Raven,\n1996:1341–407.\n\n14\\. Rockwood CA Jr. Disorders of the sternoclavicular joint. In: Rockwood CA\nJr, Matsen FA, eds. The shoulder. 2d ed. Philadelphia, Pa.: Saunders, 1998.\n\n15\\. Herzog RJ. Magnetic resonance imaging of the shoulder. J Bone Joint Surg\n[Am]. 1997;79:933–53.\n\n16\\. Burk DL Jr, Karasick D, Kurtz AB, Mitchell DG, Rifkin MD, Miller CL, et\nal. Rotator cuff tears: prospective comparison of MR imaging with\narthrography, sonography, and surgery. AJR Am J Roentgenol. 1989;153:87–92.\n\n17\\. Neer CS 2d. Impingement lesions. Clin Orthop. 1983:70–7.\n\n18\\. Neer CS 2d. Anterior acromioplasty for the chronic impingement syndrome\nin the shoulder: a preliminary report. J Bone Joint Surg [Am]. 1972;54:41–50.\n\n19\\. Hawkins RJ, Kennedy JC. Impingement syndrome in athletes. Am J Sports\nMed. 1980;8:151–8.\n\n20\\. Rowe CR, Zarins B. Recurrent transient subluxation of the shoulder. J\nBone Joint Surg [Am]. 1981;63:863–72.\n\n21\\. Chandler TJ, Kibler WB, Stracener EC, Ziegler AK, Pace B. Shoulder\nstrength, power, and endurance in college tennis players. Am J Sports Med.\n1992;20:455–8.\n\n22\\. Bigliani LU, Morrison DS, April EW. The morphology of the acromion and\nits relationship to rotator cuff tears [Abstract]. Orthop Trans. 1986;10:228.\n\n23\\. Lyons PM, Orwin JF. Rotator cuff tendinopathy and subacromial impingement\nsyndrome. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 1998;30(4 suppl):S12–7.\n\n24\\. Blair B, Rokito AS, Cuomo F, Jarolem K, Zuckerman JD. Efficacy of\ninjections of corticosteroids for sub-acromial impingement syndrome. J Bone\nJoint Surg [Am]. 1996;78:1685–9.\n\n25\\. Bulgen DY, Binder A, Hazleman BL, Park JR. Immunological studies in\nfrozen shoulder. J Rheumatol. 1982;9:893–8.\n\n26\\. Bulgen DY, Hazleman BL, Voak D. HLA-B27 and frozen shoulder. Lancet.\n1976;1(7968):1042–4.\n\n27\\. Woodward TW, Best TM. The painful shoulder: I. clinical evaluation. Am\nFam Physician. 2000;61:3079–88.\n\n28\\. Scavenius M, Iversen BF. Nontraumatic clavicular osteolysis in weight\nlifters. Am J Sports Med. 1992;20:463–7.\n\nMembers of various family practice departments develop articles for “Problem-\nOriented Diagnosis.” This article is one in a series coordinated by the\nDepartment of Family Medicine at the University of Wisconsin Medical School,\nMadison. Guest editor of the series is William E. Scheckler, M.D.\n\nCopyright © 2000 by the American Academy of Family Physicians. This content is\nowned by the AAFP. A person viewing it online may make one printout of the\nmaterial and may use that printout only for his or her personal, non-\ncommercial reference. This material may not otherwise be downloaded, copied,\nprinted, stored, transmitted or reproduced in any medium, whether now known or\nlater invented, except as authorized in writing by the AAFP. Contact\nafpserv@aafp.org for copyright questions and/or permission requests.\n\n * PRINT\n * COMMENTS\n\nWant to use this article elsewhere? Get Permissions\n\nAdvertisement\n\nMore in AFP\n\n#### Editor's Collections\n\n * Musculoskeletal Care\n\n#### Related Content\n\n * Musculoskeletal Care\n * Shoulder Disorders\n\nMore in Pubmed\n\n * Citation\n * Related Articles\n\nMOST RECENT ISSUE\n\nMay 1, 2021\n\nAccess the latest issue of American Family Physician\n\nRead the Issue\n\n#### Email Alerts\n\nDon't miss a single issue. Sign up for the free AFP email table of contents.\n\nSign Up Now\n\nNavigate this Article\n\n## Continue reading from June 1, 2000\n\nPrevious: Diary from a Week in Practice\n\nNext: Treatment of Recurrent Vulvovaginal Candidiasis\n\nView the full table of contents >>\n\nHome / Journals / afp / Vol. 61/No. 11(June 1, 2000) / The Painful Shoulder:\nPart II. Acute and Chronic Disorders\n\nCopyright © 2020 American Academy of Family Physicians. All rights Reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418061338/https://emedicine.medscape.com/article/816117-clinical",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation: History, Physical Examination",
"passages": [
"Please confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you will be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit. Log out Cancel",
"In nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) exposures, the clinician should elicit information on the agent ingested, the amount ingested, and the time of ingestion. The most toxic effects are reported after ingestion of phenylbutazone (Butazolidin; no longer available for human use in the United States), mefenamic acid (Ponstel), and meclofenamate sodium (Meclomen); however, all NSAIDS can have untoward effects.",
"Most NSAID exposures are mild-to-moderate ingestions with low levels of symptom severity that include general gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as nausea and vomiting, and mild chemistry and electrolyte abnormalities that resolve rapidly with supportive care.",
"In large ingestions, some patients may develop an altered level of consciousness evolving to coma with progressive and sometimes refractory metabolic acidosis and evolving multisystem organ failure. Seizures may be involved and are seen with increased frequency in certain classes of NSAIDs such as the pyrazolones and fenamates (eg, phenylbutazone and mefenamic acid, respectively).",
"Other NSAIDs are usually less toxic than those mentioned above. Doses of 100 mg/kg or less of ibuprofen, the most widely used NSAID, generally cause minimal symptoms; life-threatening situations do not typically occur until ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more.",
"Nomograms that correlate time and amount of drug ingested are not reliable for predicting outcome. Patients with recent significant ingestion of anthranilic acids derivatives (fenamates), as well as pyrazolones, require close observation for approximately 24 hours for signs of early severe poisoning.",
"NSAIDs are implicated in nearly 25% of all adverse drug reactions, with the most commonly reported effects being GI irritation. NSAIDs increase the relative risk of GI hemorrhage by approximately three-fold, although estimations as high as 10-fold have been reported in the literature.^ [3]",
"The second most common type of adverse effect occurring with NSAID use involves the renal system. In the setting of high angiotensin and low intravascular flow (eg, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, or dehydration), NSAID-induced decrease in prostaglandins leads to a decrease in renal blood flow and subsequently the glomerular filtration rate. Retention of salt, water, and potassium may ensue. Congestive heart failure may be exacerbated by concomitant use of NSAIDs.^ [4]",
"The possibility of co-ingestants should always be considered and is based on the history and examination findings. In general, patients with isolated NSAID overdose are asymptomatic or have mild GI upset (dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain). At higher doses, patients may exhibit CNS symptoms, including drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, and nystagmus. Massive overdoses may cause the patient to present comatose with refractory acidosis and multisystem organ failure. Co-ingestants should be considered in any drug overdose.",
"In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 hours. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 hours. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.^ [5]",
"Bradypnea or tachypnea may suggest early respiratory or metabolic acidosis. NSAIDs can promote salt and water retention and can antagonize beta-blockers, diuretics, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulting in an elevated blood pressure.",
"Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic (but not specific) of symptomatic massive overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. Tremors or muscle twitching may portend seizures or coma. Analysis of NSAID overdose cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service, which included 10,398 single-drug exposures, found that mefenamic acid overdose is associated with a much larger and dose-related risk of CNS toxicity, especially convulsions, compared with overdose of ibuprofen, diclofenac, or naproxen.^ [6]",
"Mild CNS symptoms may be nonspecific (eg, headache). Subtle mental status changes, such as difficulty concentrating or mild anxiety, may be observed. Patients with severe toxicity may be agitated and delirious, or they may be comatose to the point of requiring endotracheal intubation.",
"Aspirin-sensitive individuals with asthma who ingest NSAIDs may present with wheezing or respiratory arrest. The reaction may also include flushed face and/or neck, conjunctivitis, rhinorrhea, and possibly angioedema.",
"A rectal examination may reveal evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding and is mandatory in any patient who presents with acute or chronic toxicity.",
"Delayed effects of severe poisonings include renal failure, hepatic failure, and platelet dysfunction. Look for generalized weakness, a sallow complexion, acidosis, heart failure, jaundice, liver tenderness, petechiae, and other signs of bleeding disorders.",
"Poisoning by acute overdose of specific NSAIDs is best addressed by considering each of the seven chemical classifications (including salicylates). Fenamates and pyrazolones (eg, phenylbutazone) are the most toxic and should be managed most aggressively.",
"Examples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate (not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to salicylic acid",
"Hyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor, coma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only with doses exceeding 15 g.",
"Severe poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system (eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the cardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.",
"Although the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone is available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has presented in southwestern United States)",
"These drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting, diarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely within 24 h.",
"Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients who developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\" developed seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic).",
"PO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg for intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative ketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.",
"Sulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal function. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation, seizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case of a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.",
"Severe toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and hepatic dysfunction",
"Headache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.",
"In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.",
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"Kamour A, Crichton S, Cooper G, Lupton DJ, Eddleston M, Vale JA, et al. Central nervous system toxicity of mefenamic acid overdose compared with other NSAIDs: an analysis of cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Apr. 83 (4):855-862. [Medline].",
"Marciniak KE, Thomas IH, Brogan TV, Roberts JS, Czaja A, Mazor SS. Massive ibuprofen overdose requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiovascular support. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar. 8(2):180-2. [Medline].",
"Yuan JQ, Tsoi KK, Yang M, Wang JY, Threapleton DE, Yang ZY, et al. Systematic review with network meta-analysis: comparative effectiveness and safety of strategies for preventing NSAID-associated gastrointestinal toxicity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jun. 43 (12):1262-75. [Medline].",
"Rodriguez SC, Olguin AM, Miralles CP, Viladrich PF. Characteristics of meningitis caused by Ibuprofen: report of 2 cases with recurrent episodes and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006 Jul. 85(4):214-20. [Medline].",
"Boelsterli UA, Redinbo MR, Saitta K. Multiple NSAID-induced hits injure the small intestine: Underlying mechanisms and novel strategies. Toxicol Sci. 2012 Oct 22. [Medline].",
"Singh G. Gastrointestinal complications of prescription and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a view from the ARAMIS database. Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System. Am J Ther. 2000 Mar. 7(2):115-21. [Medline].",
"Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, Shi H, Hatoum HT, Fries JF. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22. 156(14):1530-6. [Medline].",
"Baron JA, Sandler RS, Bresalier RS, et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib: final analysis of the APPROVe trial. Lancet. 2008 Nov 15. 372(9651):1756-64. [Medline].",
"Belson MT and Watson WA. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Nelson, LS, eds. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. 8. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 573-579.",
"Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A, et al. Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 23. 343(21):1520-8, 2 p following 1528. [Medline].",
"Garcia Rodriguez LA, Williams R, Derby LE, Dean AD, Jick H. Acute liver injury associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the role of risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Feb 14. 154(3):311-6. [Medline].",
"Hoppmann RA, Peden JG, Ober SK. Central nervous system side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Aseptic meningitis, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Arch Intern Med. 1991 Jul. 151(7):1309-13. [Medline].",
"Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Anderson TE, Mitchell AA. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: the Slone survey. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16. 287(3):337-44. [Medline].",
"Konstam MA, Weir MR, Reicin A, et al. Cardiovascular thrombotic events in controlled, clinical trials of rofecoxib. Circulation. 2001 Nov 6. 104(19):2280-8. [Medline].",
"Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].",
"McElwee NE, Veltri JC, Bradford DC, Rollins DE. A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted. Ann Emerg Med. 1990 Jun. 19(6):657-62. [Medline].",
"Rostom A, Goldkind L, Laine L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hepatic toxicity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in arthritis patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 May. 3(5):489-98. [Medline].",
"Solomon DH, Goodson NJ. The cardiovascular system in rheumatic disease: the newest \"extraarticular\" manifestation?. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug. 32(8):1415-7. [Medline].",
"Verhamme KM, Dieleman JP, Van Wijk MA, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and increased risk of acute urinary retention. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Jul 11. 165(13):1547-51. [Medline].",
"Examples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate (not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to salicylic acid",
"Hyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor, coma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only with doses exceeding 15 g.",
"Severe poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system (eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the cardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory acidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.",
"Although the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone is available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has presented in southwestern United States)",
"These drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting, diarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely within 24 h.",
"Myoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients who developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\" developed seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic).",
"PO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg for intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative ketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.",
"Sulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal function. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation, seizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case of a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.",
"Severe toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400 mg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and hepatic dysfunction",
"Headache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the most common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.",
"In a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of patients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset, typically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric patients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic dysfunction.",
"Lance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM is a member of the following medical societies: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Association for Physician Leadership",
"All material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2021 by WebMD LLC. This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation:\nHistory, Physical Examination\n\nFor You\n\nNews & Perspective\n\nDrugs & Diseases\n\nCME & Education\n\nAcademy\n\nVideo\n\nDecision Point\n\nEdition: ENGLISH\n\nDEUTSCH\n\nESPAÑOL\n\nFRANÇAIS\n\nPORTUGUÊS\n\nLog In\n\nSign Up It's Free!\n\nEdition: ENGLISH DEUTSCH ESPAÑOL FRANÇAIS PORTUGUÊS\n\nRegister Log In\n\nFor You News & Perspective Drugs & Diseases CME & Education Academy Video\nDecision Point\n\nclose\n\nPlease confirm that you would like to log out of Medscape. If you log out, you\nwill be required to enter your username and password the next time you visit.\nLog out Cancel\n\nhttps://profreg.medscape.com/px/getpracticeprofile.do?method=getProfessionalProfile&urlCache;=aHR0cHM6Ly9lbWVkaWNpbmUubWVkc2NhcGUuY29tL2FydGljbGUvODE2MTE3LWNsaW5pY2Fs\n\nprocessing....\n\nDrugs & Diseases > Emergency Medicine\n\n# Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity Clinical Presentation\n\nUpdated: May 30, 2020\n\n * Author: Timothy J Wiegand, MD; Chief Editor: Gil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP more...\n\n * Share\n * Email\n * Print\n * Feedback\n\nClose\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * LinkedIn\n * Google+\n\nSections\n\nNonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\n\n * Sections Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\n\n * Overview\n\n * Practice Essentials\n * Pathophysiology\n * Etiology\n * Epidemiology\n * Prognosis\n * Show All\n * Presentation\n\n * History\n * Physical Examination\n * Show All\n * DDx\n * Workup\n\n * Laboratory Studies\n * Imaging Studies\n * Other Tests\n * Procedures\n * Show All\n * Treatment\n\n * Approach Considerations\n * Consultations\n * Prevention\n * Show All\n * Medication\n\n * Medication Summary\n * GI decontaminant\n * Alkalinizing agents\n * Show All\n * Tables\n * References\n\nPresentation\n\n## History\n\n### Patient history\n\nIn nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) exposures, the clinician should\nelicit information on the agent ingested, the amount ingested, and the time of\ningestion. The most toxic effects are reported after ingestion of\nphenylbutazone (Butazolidin; no longer available for human use in the United\nStates), mefenamic acid (Ponstel), and meclofenamate sodium (Meclomen);\nhowever, all NSAIDS can have untoward effects.\n\nAmount ingested\n\nMost NSAID exposures are mild-to-moderate ingestions with low levels of\nsymptom severity that include general gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms such as\nnausea and vomiting, and mild chemistry and electrolyte abnormalities that\nresolve rapidly with supportive care.\n\nIn large ingestions, some patients may develop an altered level of\nconsciousness evolving to coma with progressive and sometimes refractory\nmetabolic acidosis and evolving multisystem organ failure. Seizures may be\ninvolved and are seen with increased frequency in certain classes of NSAIDs\nsuch as the pyrazolones and fenamates (eg, phenylbutazone and mefenamic acid,\nrespectively).\n\nOther NSAIDs are usually less toxic than those mentioned above. Doses of 100\nmg/kg or less of ibuprofen, the most widely used NSAID, generally cause\nminimal symptoms; life-threatening situations do not typically occur until\ningestions of 400 mg/kg or more.\n\nTime of ingestion\n\nNomograms that correlate time and amount of drug ingested are not reliable for\npredicting outcome. Patients with recent significant ingestion of anthranilic\nacids derivatives (fenamates), as well as pyrazolones, require close\nobservation for approximately 24 hours for signs of early severe poisoning.\n\n### NSAIDs and adverse drug reactions (ADRs) and drug interactions\n\nNSAIDs are implicated in nearly 25% of all adverse drug reactions, with the\nmost commonly reported effects being GI irritation. NSAIDs increase the\nrelative risk of GI hemorrhage by approximately three-fold, although\nestimations as high as 10-fold have been reported in the literature.^ [3]\n\nThe second most common type of adverse effect occurring with NSAID use\ninvolves the renal system. In the setting of high angiotensin and low\nintravascular flow (eg, congestive heart failure, cirrhosis, or dehydration),\nNSAID-induced decrease in prostaglandins leads to a decrease in renal blood\nflow and subsequently the glomerular filtration rate. Retention of salt,\nwater, and potassium may ensue. Congestive heart failure may be exacerbated by\nconcomitant use of NSAIDs.^ [4]\n\nConsiderable toxicity may result from interactions between NSAIDs and the\nfollowing drugs:\n\n * Oral anticoagulants\n\n * Lithium\n\n * Oral hypoglycemic agents\n\n * Phenytoin\n\n * Methotrexate\n\n * Digoxin\n\n * Aminoglycosides\n\n### Co-ingestions\n\nThe possibility of co-ingestants should always be considered and is based on\nthe history and examination findings. In general, patients with isolated NSAID\noverdose are asymptomatic or have mild GI upset (dyspepsia, nausea, vomiting,\nand abdominal pain). At higher doses, patients may exhibit CNS symptoms,\nincluding drowsiness, lethargy, ataxia, and nystagmus. Massive overdoses may\ncause the patient to present comatose with refractory acidosis and multisystem\norgan failure. Co-ingestants should be considered in any drug overdose.\n\nAny individual presenting with a history of NSAID overdose should have a serum\nacetaminophen level obtained.\n\nNext:\n\n## Physical Examination\n\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\ntypically within 4 hours. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 hours. In this study,\ncoma, apnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of\nchildren. Ingestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with\nseizures, apnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and\nhepatic dysfunction.^ [5]\n\n### Vital signs\n\nBradypnea or tachypnea may suggest early respiratory or metabolic acidosis.\nNSAIDs can promote salt and water retention and can antagonize beta-blockers,\ndiuretics, and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors, resulting in an\nelevated blood pressure.\n\nAn S_3 gallop or marked dysrhythmia may be noted if the patient presents with\nworsening heart failure.\n\n### Central nervous system (CNS) findings\n\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic (but not specific)\nof symptomatic massive overdose. Seizures may be focal or general. Tremors or\nmuscle twitching may portend seizures or coma. Analysis of NSAID overdose\ncases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service,\nwhich included 10,398 single-drug exposures, found that mefenamic acid\noverdose is associated with a much larger and dose-related risk of CNS\ntoxicity, especially convulsions, compared with overdose of ibuprofen,\ndiclofenac, or naproxen.^ [6]\n\nMild CNS symptoms may be nonspecific (eg, headache). Subtle mental status\nchanges, such as difficulty concentrating or mild anxiety, may be observed.\nPatients with severe toxicity may be agitated and delirious, or they may be\ncomatose to the point of requiring endotracheal intubation.\n\nCase reports have also described tinnitus and transient hearing loss after\nNSAID use.\n\n### Pulmonary findings\n\nAspirin-sensitive individuals with asthma who ingest NSAIDs may present with\nwheezing or respiratory arrest. The reaction may also include flushed face\nand/or neck, conjunctivitis, rhinorrhea, and possibly angioedema.\n\n### Gastrointestinal findings\n\nAlthough ulcers are unlikely and perforations very rare in acute overdose,\npatients with gastrointestinal symptoms require thorough abdominal\nexamination.\n\nA rectal examination may reveal evidence of gastrointestinal bleeding and is\nmandatory in any patient who presents with acute or chronic toxicity.\n\n### Delayed manifestations\n\nDelayed effects of severe poisonings include renal failure, hepatic failure,\nand platelet dysfunction. Look for generalized weakness, a sallow complexion,\nacidosis, heart failure, jaundice, liver tenderness, petechiae, and other\nsigns of bleeding disorders.\n\n### Manifestations by NSAID class\n\nPoisoning by acute overdose of specific NSAIDs is best addressed by\nconsidering each of the seven chemical classifications (including\nsalicylates). Fenamates and pyrazolones (eg, phenylbutazone) are the most\ntoxic and should be managed most aggressively.\n\nTable 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs (Open Table in a new window)\n\nNSAID Drug Class\n\n|\n\nMaximum Daily Dose\n\n|\n\nHalf-Life\n\n|\n\nComments\n\n|\n\nClinical Symptoms \n \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nSalicylates\n\nExamples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate\n(not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to\nsalicylic acid\n\n|\n\n1500 mg\n\n|\n\n8-12 h\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate for discussion of acetylsalicylic acid\ntoxicity\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate\n\nDiflunisal: This NSAID commonly causes drowsiness, vomiting, and diarrhea.\n\nHyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor,\ncoma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only\nwith doses exceeding 15 g.\n\nThe lowest reported dose resulting in fatality is 15 g. \n \nPyrazolones\n\nExamples: Phenylbutazone\n\n|\n\n600 mg\n\n|\n\n50-100 h\n\n|\n\nPyrazolones: Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin), one of the most toxic NSAIDs\n\nSymptoms of mild poisoning include nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness; no\nlonger approved for human use in the US.\n\n|\n\nSevere poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system\n(eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the\ncardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory\nacidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\n\nDelayed severe toxicity (2-7 d) includes renal, hepatic, and hematologic\ndysfunction.\n\nAlthough the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone\nis available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has\npresented in southwestern United States) \n \nFenamates (anthranilic acids)\n\nExamples: Meclofenamate (Meclomen), mefenamic acid (Ponstel)\n\n|\n\n1000 mg\n\n|\n\n2 h\n\n|\n\nThese drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting,\ndiarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely\nwithin 24 h.\n\n|\n\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic\noverdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients\nwho developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\"\ndeveloped seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic). \n \nAcetic acids\n\nExamples:\n\nDiclofenac (Voltaren),\n\netodolac(Lodine),\n\nindomethacin (Indocin),\n\nketorolac (Toradol, Sprix),\n\nsulindac (Clinoril)\n\n|\n\nPO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg\nfor intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative\nketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\n\n|\n\nTypically 8-30 h\n\n|\n\nSulindac is a prodrug. Peak concentrations may be delayed 2-5 h.\n\n|\n\nSulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal\nfunction. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation,\nseizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case\nof a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.\n\nDiclofenac can cause nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, hallucinations, and acute\nrenal failure (3 cases). \n \nCOX-2 inhibitors\n\nExamples: Celecoxib\n\n|\n\n400 mg -celecoxib\n\n|\n\n3-11 h\n\n|\n\nConsidered to be relatively safe\n\n|\n\nOnly available Cox-2 inhibitor in the US \n \nPropionic acids Examples:\n\nIbuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), carprofen (Rimadyl),\nketoprofen (Orudis)\n\n|\n\nFor ibuprofen- 3200 mg and T1/2 3 h\n\nFor naproxen-\n\n1500 mg and T1/2 12-17 h\n\n|\n\nSevere toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400\nmg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and\nhepatic dysfunction\n\n|\n\nHeadache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the\nmost common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\n\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\ntypically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma,\napnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children.\nIngestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures,\napnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic\ndysfunction. \n \nOxicams Examples:\n\nPiroxicam (Feldene)\n\n|\n\n20 mg\n\n|\n\n45-50 h\n\n|\n\nOccasionally, these NSAIDs can cause dizziness, blurred vision, seizures, and\ncoma. \n \nPrevious\n\nDifferential Diagnoses\n\n###### References\n\n 1. Gummin DD, Mowry JB, Spyker DA, Brooks DE, Beuhler MC, Rivers LJ, et al. 2018 Annual Report of the American Association of Poison Control Centers' National Poison Data System (NPDS): 36th Annual Report. Clin Toxicol (Phila). 2019 Dec. 57 (12):1220-1413. [Medline]. [Full Text].\n\n 2. Sheridan DC, Hendrickson RG, Lin AL, Fu R, Horowitz BZ. Adolescent Suicidal Ingestion: National Trends Over a Decade. J Adolesc Health. 2017 Feb. 60 (2):191-195. [Medline].\n\n 3. Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\n\n 4. Riley DJ, Weir M, Bakris GL. Renal adaptation to the failing heart. Avoiding a 'therapeutic misadventure'. Postgrad Med. 1994 Jun. 95(8):153-6. [Medline].\n\n 5. Hall AH, Smolinske SC, Conrad FL, et al. Ibuprofen overdose: 126 cases. Ann Emerg Med. 1986 Nov. 15(11):1308-13. [Medline].\n\n 6. Kamour A, Crichton S, Cooper G, Lupton DJ, Eddleston M, Vale JA, et al. Central nervous system toxicity of mefenamic acid overdose compared with other NSAIDs: an analysis of cases reported to the United Kingdom National Poisons Information Service. Br J Clin Pharmacol. 2017 Apr. 83 (4):855-862. [Medline].\n\n 7. Marciniak KE, Thomas IH, Brogan TV, Roberts JS, Czaja A, Mazor SS. Massive ibuprofen overdose requiring extracorporeal membrane oxygenation for cardiovascular support. Pediatr Crit Care Med. 2007 Mar. 8(2):180-2. [Medline].\n\n 8. Yuan JQ, Tsoi KK, Yang M, Wang JY, Threapleton DE, Yang ZY, et al. Systematic review with network meta-analysis: comparative effectiveness and safety of strategies for preventing NSAID-associated gastrointestinal toxicity. Aliment Pharmacol Ther. 2016 Jun. 43 (12):1262-75. [Medline].\n\n 9. Chen HW, Chen KC, Chen JS. Colchicine and NSAID Combination Causing Acute Kidney Injury. J Coll Physicians Surg Pak. 2012 Nov. 22(11):737-9. [Medline].\n\n 10. Gulmez SE, Larrey D, Pageaux GP, Lignot-Maleyran S, de Vries C, Sturkenboom M, et al. Methodology for a multinational case-population study on liver toxicity risks with NSAIDs: the Study of Acute Liver Transplant (SALT). Eur J Clin Pharmacol. 2012 Aug 10. [Medline].\n\n 11. Rodriguez SC, Olguin AM, Miralles CP, Viladrich PF. Characteristics of meningitis caused by Ibuprofen: report of 2 cases with recurrent episodes and review of the literature. Medicine (Baltimore). 2006 Jul. 85(4):214-20. [Medline].\n\n 12. Boelsterli UA, Redinbo MR, Saitta K. Multiple NSAID-induced hits injure the small intestine: Underlying mechanisms and novel strategies. Toxicol Sci. 2012 Oct 22. [Medline].\n\n 13. Singh G. Gastrointestinal complications of prescription and over-the-counter nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs: a view from the ARAMIS database. Arthritis, Rheumatism, and Aging Medical Information System. Am J Ther. 2000 Mar. 7(2):115-21. [Medline].\n\n 14. Singh G, Ramey DR, Morfeld D, Shi H, Hatoum HT, Fries JF. Gastrointestinal tract complications of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug treatment in rheumatoid arthritis. A prospective observational cohort study. Arch Intern Med. 1996 Jul 22. 156(14):1530-6. [Medline].\n\n 15. Solomon DH, Glynn RJ, Levin R, Avorn J. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use and acute myocardial infarction. Arch Intern Med. 2002 May 27. 162(10):1099-104. [Medline].\n\n 16. Baron JA, Sandler RS, Bresalier RS, et al. Cardiovascular events associated with rofecoxib: final analysis of the APPROVe trial. Lancet. 2008 Nov 15. 372(9651):1756-64. [Medline].\n\n 17. Aithal GP, Day CP. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced hepatotoxicity. Clin Liver Dis. 2007 Aug. 11(3):563-75, vi-vii. [Medline].\n\n 18. Belson MT and Watson WA. Nonsteroidal Antiinflammatory Drugs. Flomenbaum NE, Goldfrank LR, Hoffman RS, Howland MA, Lewin NA, Nelson, LS, eds. Goldfrank's Toxicologic Emergencies. 8. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill; 2006. 573-579.\n\n 19. Bombardier C, Laine L, Reicin A, et al. Comparison of upper gastrointestinal toxicity of rofecoxib and naproxen in patients with rheumatoid arthritis. VIGOR Study Group. N Engl J Med. 2000 Nov 23. 343(21):1520-8, 2 p following 1528. [Medline].\n\n 20. Bryson P. Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory agents. Comprehensive Review in Toxicology. 2nd ed. Aspen Publishers; 1989. 445-54.\n\n 21. Colburn KK, Flores R. The Role of COX-2 Inhibitors in Emergency and Acute Care Medicine. Emergency Medicine Reports. 2000. 21(3):\n\n 22. Garcia Rodriguez LA, Williams R, Derby LE, Dean AD, Jick H. Acute liver injury associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the role of risk factors. Arch Intern Med. 1994 Feb 14. 154(3):311-6. [Medline].\n\n 23. Hillis WS. Areas of emerging interest in analgesia: cardiovascular complications. Am J Ther. 2002 May-Jun. 9(3):259-69. [Medline].\n\n 24. Hoppmann RA, Peden JG, Ober SK. Central nervous system side effects of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Aseptic meningitis, psychosis, and cognitive dysfunction. Arch Intern Med. 1991 Jul. 151(7):1309-13. [Medline].\n\n 25. Kaufman DW, Kelly JP, Rosenberg L, Anderson TE, Mitchell AA. Recent patterns of medication use in the ambulatory adult population of the United States: the Slone survey. JAMA. 2002 Jan 16. 287(3):337-44. [Medline].\n\n 26. Konstam MA, Weir MR, Reicin A, et al. Cardiovascular thrombotic events in controlled, clinical trials of rofecoxib. Circulation. 2001 Nov 6. 104(19):2280-8. [Medline].\n\n 27. Laine L. Gastrointestinal safety of coxibs and outcomes studies: what's the verdict?. J Pain Symptom Manage. 2002 Apr. 23(4 Suppl):S5-10; discussion S11-4. [Medline].\n\n 28. McElwee NE, Veltri JC, Bradford DC, Rollins DE. A prospective, population-based study of acute ibuprofen overdose: complications are rare and routine serum levels not warranted. Ann Emerg Med. 1990 Jun. 19(6):657-62. [Medline].\n\n 29. Nephrotoxicity of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. Lancet. 1994 Aug 20. 344(8921):515-8. [Medline].\n\n 30. Rostom A, Goldkind L, Laine L. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and hepatic toxicity: a systematic review of randomized controlled trials in arthritis patients. Clin Gastroenterol Hepatol. 2005 May. 3(5):489-98. [Medline].\n\n 31. Solomon DH, Goodson NJ. The cardiovascular system in rheumatic disease: the newest \"extraarticular\" manifestation?. J Rheumatol. 2005 Aug. 32(8):1415-7. [Medline].\n\n 32. Tai, WW. Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs. Olson KR. Poisoning and Drug Overdose. 5. New York, NY: Lange Medical Books and McGraw-Hill; 2007. 284-287.\n\n 33. U.S. Food and Drug Administration. Nonprescription Drugs Advisory Committee. September 2002. 19-20:[Full Text].\n\n 34. Verhamme KM, Dieleman JP, Van Wijk MA, et al. Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and increased risk of acute urinary retention. Arch Intern Med. 2005 Jul 11. 165(13):1547-51. [Medline].\n\nMedia Gallery\n\nof 0\n\n###### Tables\n\n * Table 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs\n\nTable 1. Chemical Classifications of NSAIDs\n\nNSAID Drug Class\n\n|\n\nMaximum Daily Dose\n\n|\n\nHalf-Life\n\n|\n\nComments\n\n|\n\nClinical Symptoms \n \n---|---|---|---|--- \n \nSalicylates\n\nExamples: Aspirin and other salicylates, eg, sodium or magnesium salicylate\n(not covered in this article), diflunisal (Dolobid) – not metabolized to\nsalicylic acid\n\n|\n\n1500 mg\n\n|\n\n8-12 h\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate for discussion of acetylsalicylic acid\ntoxicity\n\n|\n\nSalicylates: See Toxicity, Salicylate\n\nDiflunisal: This NSAID commonly causes drowsiness, vomiting, and diarrhea.\n\nHyperventilation, tachycardia, diaphoresis, tinnitus, disorientation, stupor,\ncoma, cardiopulmonary arrest, and fatality are rarely observed and occur only\nwith doses exceeding 15 g.\n\nThe lowest reported dose resulting in fatality is 15 g. \n \nPyrazolones\n\nExamples: Phenylbutazone\n\n|\n\n600 mg\n\n|\n\n50-100 h\n\n|\n\nPyrazolones: Phenylbutazone (Butazolidin), one of the most toxic NSAIDs\n\nSymptoms of mild poisoning include nausea, abdominal pain, and drowsiness; no\nlonger approved for human use in the US.\n\n|\n\nSevere poisoning has multisystem effects that, early on, include the GI system\n(eg, nausea, vomiting, diarrhea), CNS (eg, dizziness, seizures, coma), the\ncardiovascular system (eg, pulmonary edema, arrest), metabolic and respiratory\nacidosis, and electrolyte abnormalities.\n\nDelayed severe toxicity (2-7 d) includes renal, hepatic, and hematologic\ndysfunction.\n\nAlthough the pyrazolones have been withdrawn from the market, phenylbutazone\nis available from veterinary sources and from other countries (eg, it has\npresented in southwestern United States) \n \nFenamates (anthranilic acids)\n\nExamples: Meclofenamate (Meclomen), mefenamic acid (Ponstel)\n\n|\n\n1000 mg\n\n|\n\n2 h\n\n|\n\nThese drugs have not been studied thoroughly, but they have caused vomiting,\ndiarrhea, muscle twitching, and seizures. Most patients recover completely\nwithin 24 h.\n\n|\n\nMyoclonus, muscle twitching, or seizures are characteristic of symptomatic\noverdose. Seizures may be focal or general. In one series, 20% of 54 patients\nwho developed abnormal neuromuscular activity described as, \"twitching\"\ndeveloped seizures (generalized, grand mal, tonic-clonic). \n \nAcetic acids\n\nExamples:\n\nDiclofenac (Voltaren),\n\netodolac(Lodine),\n\nindomethacin (Indocin),\n\nketorolac (Toradol, Sprix),\n\nsulindac (Clinoril)\n\n|\n\nPO ketorolac daily dosage limit is 40 mg. Not to exceed daily dose of 126 mg\nfor intranasal ketorolac (63 mg/24 h if older than 65 y). Total cumulative\nketorolac (any administration route) should not exceed 5 days in a row.\n\n|\n\nTypically 8-30 h\n\n|\n\nSulindac is a prodrug. Peak concentrations may be delayed 2-5 h.\n\n|\n\nSulindac overdoses are very rare, but case reports have shown effects on renal\nfunction. Indomethacin poisoning can cause headache, lethargy, disorientation,\nseizure, nausea, vomiting, and GI bleeding. Seizures were reported in the case\nof a 6-year-old who ingested, \"a bottle\" of indomethacin.\n\nDiclofenac can cause nausea, vomiting, tinnitus, hallucinations, and acute\nrenal failure (3 cases). \n \nCOX-2 inhibitors\n\nExamples: Celecoxib\n\n|\n\n400 mg -celecoxib\n\n|\n\n3-11 h\n\n|\n\nConsidered to be relatively safe\n\n|\n\nOnly available Cox-2 inhibitor in the US \n \nPropionic acids Examples:\n\nIbuprofen (Motrin, Advil), naproxen (Naprosyn, Anaprox), carprofen (Rimadyl),\nketoprofen (Orudis)\n\n|\n\nFor ibuprofen- 3200 mg and T1/2 3 h\n\nFor naproxen-\n\n1500 mg and T1/2 12-17 h\n\n|\n\nSevere toxicity reported mainly in children and can occur in ingestions of 400\nmg/kg or more; symptoms include seizures, apnea, hypertension, and renal and\nhepatic dysfunction\n\n|\n\nHeadache, tinnitus, drowsiness, nausea, vomiting, and abdominal pain are the\nmost common symptoms, and commonly appear within 4 h of ingestion.\n\nIn a retrospective case series of 126 patients with ibuprofen overdose, 19% of\npatients developed symptoms, predominantly CNS depression and GI upset,\ntypically within 4 h. In a prospective study of 45 adults and 39 pediatric\npatients, all patients who became ill did so within 4 h. In this study, coma,\napnea, and/or metabolic acidosis occurred in 9% of adults and 5% of children.\nIngestions of more than 400 mg/kg of ibuprofen are associated with seizures,\napnea, hypotension, bradycardia, metabolic acidosis, and renal and hepatic\ndysfunction. \n \nOxicams Examples:\n\nPiroxicam (Feldene)\n\n|\n\n20 mg\n\n|\n\n45-50 h\n\n|\n\nOccasionally, these NSAIDs can cause dizziness, blurred vision, seizures, and\ncoma. \n \nBack to List\n\n###### Contributor Information and Disclosures\n\nAuthor\n\nTimothy J Wiegand, MD Director, Ruth A Lawrence Poison and Drug Information\nCenter, Associate Clinical Professor of Medicine and Emergency Medicine,\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center and Strong Memorial Hospital\n\nTimothy J Wiegand, MD is a member of the following medical societies: American\nAcademy of Clinical Toxicology, American College of Medical Toxicology,\nAmerican College of Physicians\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nCoauthor(s)\n\nConstance M Vernetti, MD Resident Physician, Department of Emergency Medicine,\nUniversity of Rochester Medical Center\n\nConstance M Vernetti, MD is a member of the following medical societies:\nSociety for Academic Emergency Medicine, Emergency Medicine Residents'\nAssociation\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nSpecialty Editor Board\n\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD Regional Director of Pharmacy, Sacred Heart and St\nJoseph's Hospitals\n\nJohn T VanDeVoort, PharmD is a member of the following medical societies:\nAmerican Society of Health-System Pharmacists\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nFred Harchelroad, MD, FACMT, FAAEM, FACEP Attending Physician in Emergency\nMedicine and Medical Toxicology, Excela Health System\n\nFred Harchelroad, MD, FACMT, FAAEM, FACEP is a member of the following medical\nsocieties: American College of Medical Toxicology\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nChief Editor\n\nGil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP Associate Professor of Clinical Emergency\nMedicine, Keck School of Medicine of the University of Southern California;\nChief Medical Information Officer, Keck Medicine of USC\n\nGil Z Shlamovitz, MD, FACEP is a member of the following medical societies:\nAmerican College of Emergency Physicians, American Medical Informatics\nAssociation\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nAdditional Contributors\n\nLance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM Staff Physician, Teladoc Health;\nPresident and Chief Executive Officer, QED Medical Solutions, LLC\n\nLance W Kreplick, MD, FAAEM, MMM, UHM is a member of the following medical\nsocieties: American Academy of Emergency Medicine, American Association for\nPhysician Leadership\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nAsim Tarabar, MD Assistant Professor, Director, Medical Toxicology, Department\nof Emergency Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine; Consulting Staff,\nDepartment of Emergency Medicine, Yale-New Haven Hospital\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nAcknowledgements\n\nMichele B Delenick, MD Hospitalist, Maine Hospitalist Service, Department of\nInternal Medicine, Maine Medical Center, Portland\n\nMichele B Delenick, MD is a member of the following medical societies:\nAmerican College of Physicians\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nNeesha Suresh Desai, MD, MPH Staff Physician, Department of Emergency\nMedicine, New York University Hospital, Bellevue Hospital Center\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nJingjing Hu, MD Attending Physician, Department of Internal Medicine, Maine\nMedical Center, Portland\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nGregory S Johnston, MD Attending Physician, Beth Israel Medical Center\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nCarlyn Ko, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Medicine, Premier\nHealthcare\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nFred Tilden, MD Consulting Staff, Department of Emergency Services, MidState\nMedical Center\n\nDisclosure: Nothing to disclose.\n\nClose\n\n###### What would you like to print?\n\nWhat would you like to print?\n\n * Print this section\n * Print the entire contents of\n * Print the entire contents of article\n\n * Sections Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\n\n * Overview\n\n * Practice Essentials\n * Pathophysiology\n * Etiology\n * Epidemiology\n * Prognosis\n * Show All\n * Presentation\n\n * History\n * Physical Examination\n * Show All\n * DDx\n * Workup\n\n * Laboratory Studies\n * Imaging Studies\n * Other Tests\n * Procedures\n * Show All\n * Treatment\n\n * Approach Considerations\n * Consultations\n * Prevention\n * Show All\n * Medication\n\n * Medication Summary\n * GI decontaminant\n * Alkalinizing agents\n * Show All\n * Tables\n * References\n\nFind Us On\n\nAbout\n\nAbout Medscape Privacy Policy Editorial Policy Cookies Terms of Use\nAdvertising Policy Help Center\n\nMembership\n\nBecome a Member About You Professional Information Newsletters & Alerts\n\nApps\n\nMedscape CME & Education\n\nWebMD Network\n\nMedscape Live Events WebMD MedicineNet eMedicineHealth RxList WebMD Corporate\n\nEditions\n\nEnglish Deutsch Español Français Português\n\nAll material on this website is protected by copyright, Copyright © 1994-2021\nby WebMD LLC. This website also contains material copyrighted by 3rd parties.\n\nencoded search term (Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity) and\nNonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drug (NSAID) Toxicity\n\nWhat to Read Next on Medscape\n\nRelated Conditions and Diseases\n\n * Seafood Toxicity\n * Botulinum Toxin\n * Botulinum Toxin in Pain Management\n * Botulinum Toxin Injections in Plastic Surgery\n * Pathophysiology and Etiology of Lead Toxicity\n * Botulinum Toxin for Laryngeal Dystonia\n * Local Anesthetic Toxicity\n\nMedscape Consult\n\nNews & Perspective\n\n * EMA Panel Recommends DPD Testing Prior to Fluorouracil Treatment\n * FDA to Recommend Limits on Heavy Metals in Baby Foods\n * FDA Panel Endorses Islet Cell Treatment for Type 1 Diabetes\n\nTools\n\n * Drug Interaction Checker\n * Pill Identifier\n * Calculators\n * Formulary\n\nSlideshow\n\nAnal Cancer: Risk Factors, Diagnosis, and Management\n\nMost Popular Articles\n\nAccording to Emergency Physicians\n\n 1. Time's Up Founder Choo Accused in Harassment Mishandling\n 2. COVID Positive After Two Vaccine Doses? What It Means\n 3. Fast Five Quiz: Alcohol Use Facts vs Fiction\n 4. COVID-19 Has Turned Cardiac Resuscitation Upside Down\n 5. An Incoherent 13-Year-Old With Nocturnal Enuresis and Fever\n\nView More\n\nRecommended\n\n * 2002 814701-overview Diseases & Conditions\n\nDiseases & Conditions Ethylene Glycol Toxicity\n\n * 2003 /viewarticle/933607 Clinical Case\n\nMetastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Therapy Management 0.25 CE Credits\nClinical Case\n\nYou are being redirected to Medscape Education\n\nYes, take me there\n\n0.25 CE\n\nMetastatic Triple-Negative Breast Cancer: Therapy Management\n\n * 2002 1011549-overview Diseases & Conditions\n\nDiseases & Conditions Seafood Toxicity\n\n * 2002 325451-overview Procedures\n\nProcedures Botulinum Toxin\n\nNeed a Curbside Consult? Share cases and questions with Physicians on Medscape\nconsult. Share a Case\n\n"
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169,767 | How To Dress Bohemian Style | No matter what your gender is, you can rock a bohemian wardrobe by wearing free and flowy fabrics that have lots of bold colors and patterns. When you’re choosing colors and patterns, embrace fun and bright colors, such as vivid red, vibrant orange, or turquoise. Look for fun retro print patterns, tribal designs, and crazy color schemes such as tie-dye and paisley patterns. For flowy fabrics, think breezy and natural to create the bohemian silhouette. For example, go with soft, flowing tops or loose-fitting tunics or jackets. If you can run through a field of flowers comfortably, then it’s probably a great bohemian piece. A few examples of bohemian clothing items include slouchy sweaters and cardigans, loose floral dresses, and flared jeans. | [
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"Every product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn commission on some of the items you choose to buy.",
"\"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\"",
"Vacationing anywhere warm is simply an excuse to dress like Brigitte Bardot on the beach (head scarf included) and Jane Birkin at night (the mini-er the better).",
"You might have worn a turban-style wrap on your head once (or twice). And flowers in your hair for a special occasion is always a do.",
"Kate Moss's wedding made you simultaneously cry with joy and enraged with jealousy at the perfectly-melded ceremony of bohemia and glamour.",
"While the rest of the world debated her blue vintage rehearsal dinner dress and matching Roger Vivier boots, you scoured eBay for a look-a-like.",
"Your home is filled with items inspired by far-off lands—Morocco called and they want their lanterns, poufs and pillows back. Gypset Style is your interiors reference book, naturally.",
"A magpie you might also be—just take a look a your overflowing jewelry box and affinity for anything beaded, sequined, pom-pommed or embroidered.",
"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)",
"As chic as you know menswear-style suits and ladylike silhouettes are right now, it all just feels too bourgeois for your free spirit.",
"You have or have owned the majority of the following: printed maxi dress, gladiator sandals, a floppy hat, a fringe cross-body bag, a fur or beaded vest, flared jeans, a coin-embellished belt, denim cut-offs, feather earrings and every style of boot imaginable.",
"Your mother thinks you dress like a \"hippie\", your boyfriend thinks every dress you have \"looks like a sack\" and your best friends all dress just like you do—as a grown-up love child.",
"This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io",
"A Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."
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"parsed_md": "Bohemian Dressing Tips — How to Know if You Have Bohemian Style\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nAmanda Gorman on Her Style and Cultural Influences\n\n2\n\nBernie Sanders Was Really Just Trying to Keep Warm\n\n3\n\nRep. Cori Bush Isn't Going to Change for Anyone\n\n4\n\nVP Kamala Harris Wears Prabal Gurung on Day One\n\n5\n\nWhat the Biden Family Wore on Inauguration Night\n\nEvery product on this page was chosen by a Harper's BAZAAR editor. We may earn\ncommission on some of the items you choose to buy.\n\n# 17 Reasons You Know Your Style Is Boho Chic\n\n\"Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard. (Penny\nLane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\"\n\nBy Harper's Bazaar Staff\n\nJun 28, 2016\n\nTerry Richardson\n\n1) Your enduring style icon is, and always will be, Kate Moss. Talitha Getty\nwins for posthumous spirit animal.\n\n2) Your favorite colors are tie dye, paisley, floral and suzani.\n\nTalitha Getty\n\nCorbis\n\n3) Admittedly, your style icon of the aughts was Sienna Miller. (You also\nbrazenly cut bangs after seeing Alfie.)\n\n4) Vacationing anywhere warm is simply an excuse to dress like Brigitte Bardot\non the beach (head scarf included) and Jane Birkin at night (the mini-er the\nbetter).\n\nGetty Images\n\n5) You might have worn a turban-style wrap on your head once (or twice). And\nflowers in your hair for a special occasion is always a do.\n\n6) Kate Moss's wedding made you simultaneously cry with joy and enraged with\njealousy at the perfectly-melded ceremony of bohemia and glamour.\n\n7) While the rest of the world debated her blue vintage rehearsal dinner dress\nand matching Roger Vivier boots, you scoured eBay for a look-a-like.\n\nGetty Images\n\n8) Your home is filled with items inspired by far-off lands—Morocco called and\nthey want their lanterns, poufs and pillows back. Gypset Style is your\ninteriors reference book, naturally.\n\n9) A magpie you might also be—just take a look a your overflowing jewelry box\nand affinity for anything beaded, sequined, pom-pommed or embroidered.\n\n10) Your caftan collection rivals that of Elizabeth Taylor's.\n\nGetty Images\n\n11) Raiding the Olsen's wardrobe, especially during their bag lady phase, has\nsecretly been a dream of yours.\n\n12) Colorful furs are not man-repellent, but a must-have.\n\n13) You've mastered the art of bed head and your DIY crown braid is truly\nimpressive.\n\n14) Kate Hudson's coat in Almost Famous is your outerwear style standard.\n(Penny Lane, is also high on your list of future childrens' names.)\n\nKate Moss as Penny Lane in 'Almost Famous'\n\nDreamWorks Pictures\n\n15) As chic as you know menswear-style suits and ladylike silhouettes are\nright now, it all just feels too bourgeois for your free spirit.\n\n16) You have or have owned the majority of the following: printed maxi dress,\ngladiator sandals, a floppy hat, a fringe cross-body bag, a fur or beaded\nvest, flared jeans, a coin-embellished belt, denim cut-offs, feather earrings\nand every style of boot imaginable.\n\n17) Your mother thinks you dress like a \"hippie\", your boyfriend thinks every\ndress you have \"looks like a sack\" and your best friends all dress just like\nyou do—as a grown-up love child.\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Trends & Shopping Guides\n\nSpring into the New Season with the Best Jackets\n\nThe Best Valentine's Gifts Out There\n\nPresented by\n\nSculpSure\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nWhat to Wear to a Spring Wedding\n\nBazaar Bride\n\nDapper Dan on Saweetie’s \"Best Friend\" Gucci Look\n\nThe Duchess of Cambridge's Most Fashionable Looks\n\nThe Definitive Plus-Size Lingerie Edit\n\n35 Chic Activewear Brands Every Woman Should Know\n\nLouis Vuitton Taps Urs Fischer for Capsule Line\n\nTory Burch Melds Main Label and Sport for Spring\n\nThe Best Online Consignment Sites to Shop Vintage\n\n * Trends & Shopping Guides\n * Fashion\n * The Best Looks From Paris Fashion Week: Fall 2014\n * The Best Looks From New York Fashion Week: Spring 2015\n * It Brits: London Fashion Week's Most Stylish Parties & Front Rows\n * See 15-Year-Old Kate Upton's First Modeling Photos\n * Girl on the Street: New York Fashion Week\n * The Best Looks From London Fashion Week: Spring 2015\n\n * Newsletter\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n * Press Room\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * About Our Ads\n * Customer Service\n * BestProducts\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * TheBUZZ\n * Giveaways\n * Why Did I Get This Ad?\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Harper's BAZAAR participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n"
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"title": "Bohemian Style: How to Wear Bohemian Style",
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"When it comes to conquering bohemian style, it can be quite daunting task. Free-spirited, 70s inspired and romantic are all words to describe bohemian fashion. But how can you bring those things into your everyday wardrobe? While we all may not want to look like we just got back from a music festival, there is nothing wrong with adding a touch of whimsy to your outfit. From its beginnings to rise and modern day trends, find out more about bohemian fashion below.",
"Bohemian fashion is one of those styles that never go out of fashion. It’s always trendy, and the 2020s are no different. In this article, we’ll explain everything you need to know about bohemian fashion, from its origin to its principles and valuable tips. Take a look below to find out how to incorporate boho style into your wardrobe.",
"It’s hard to say when has Bohemian style appeared for the first time, but there was a group of artists in the 19th century that made this style so popular. We’re talking about Pre-Raphaelite artists who started wearing boho clothes as a way to show their uniqueness. In this period, if you wanted to be stylish, you needed to follow a set of rules that were often complicated and required a lot of money. They were rebellious, and they decided to dress in a more casual, relaxed way. Artists and different subcultures always wore boho style, but it wasn’t until the 1960s that it expanded all around the world. It was the era when everyone went crazy for boho style, comfortable clothes, floral prints, maxi dresses, and so on. Today, the boho style remains very popular, and women worldwide love it because it allows them to express their authenticity and feel comfortable in their clothes.",
"Even celebrities who always have to be glamorous and elegant can’t resist the boho style’s charm. We have seen stars like Kate Moss wear boho clothes on various occasions. She was actually one of the celebrities who brought boho style back to the forefront of fashion. Kate Moss loves wearing romantic maxi dresses with floral prints, both in her private life and when she appears at red carpet events. Then there is Stevie Nicks that is known as Boho Queen. She is famous for wearing her long gowns, and she often combines different materials and textures. She is not afraid to experiment with clothes, so she is an inspiration for many women from her generation to today’s young women. She is also the queen of bohemian chic accessories such as big earrings made with feathers.",
"On the other hand, Zoe Kravitz is proof that young celebrities love this way of dressing too. In fact, she is one of the young celebrities that are helping to redefine bohemian style. She has appeared on stage with her band Lola Wolf many times in breezy dresses and skirts, but she combines them with unusual accents such as a leather jacket or denim details.",
"Many modern-day trends actually have origins in boho fashion. You maybe just haven’t paid close attention to it. Just think about tie-dye, maxi dresses, lace ruffles – they are all bohemian details. Some people love to wear all boho looks, but if this concept is new to you, you can also add some accents to transform every outfit. When it comes to brands that nail bohemian style, think about Zimmermann, Ulla Johnson, and Chloe. Their dreamy designs are perfect if you’re looking to take on the trend. But if you’re not into high fashion, don’t worry. Boho is for everyone! You can find these styles at mall brands like H&M and Zara, especially in their summer collections.",
"Layering is key for bohemian style. Think about long skirts, relaxed blouses and flowy pants. Top it all off with a richly brocade adorned coat for the ultimate bohemian look. It is not only about your clothes but jewelry and accessories as well. Longline necklaces, glittering rings and wide-brimmed hats will have you looking like a boho dream.",
"House of Harlow 1960 x REVOLVE Cassius Jacket $258 A floral brocade covers this knee-length coat for a pop of color.Free People At the Shore Skirt $108 Take on the bohemian look with a paisley print decoration.",
"Another key to conquering bohemian style comes down to the oversized silhouette. Although roomy styles can look amazing, make sure you do not look sloppy. So if you wear a relaxed pair of pants make sure to wear with a fitted top or vice versa. Focus on proportion especially if you have a petite frame. Remember that sometimes less is indeed more.",
"Reformation Laurel Top in Goldfield $78 Floral print decorates a relaxed fitting blouse.Reformation Ash Pant $178 Take on animal print in a wide leg pant style.",
"In major part to music festivals and fashion bloggers, the flower crown has now become ubiquitous with bohemian style. This youthful accessory can easily bring some fun to any outfit. And although the floral crown can really take your outfit to the next level, you can easily tone it down for everyday wear. Wear a clip with floral adornment or a floral print ponytail holder to channel your inner flower child.",
"Rock N Rose Cambridge Meadow Crown $88 A lilac and blue floral crown delivers goddess vibes.Rock N Rose Mabel Dried Flower Crown $98 Pink ivory makes this crown perfect with a dreamy dress.",
"Fashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which results in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer websites.",
"Fashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which results in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer websites. © 2020 Fashion Gone Rogue"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bohemian Style: How to Wear Bohemian Style | Fashion Gone Rogue\n\nFashion Gone Rogue\n\nYou are here: Home\n\n/ Shopping\n\n/ A Guide to Wearing Bohemian Style\n\n# A Guide to Wearing Bohemian Style\n\nPublished on February 20, 2019\n\nFind out how to wear bohemian style\n\nWhen it comes to conquering bohemian style, it can be quite daunting task.\nFree-spirited, 70s inspired and romantic are all words to describe bohemian\nfashion. But how can you bring those things into your everyday wardrobe? While\nwe all may not want to look like we just got back from a music festival, there\nis nothing wrong with adding a touch of whimsy to your outfit. From its\nbeginnings to rise and modern day trends, find out more about bohemian fashion\nbelow.\n\nBohemian fashion is one of those styles that never go out of fashion. It’s\nalways trendy, and the 2020s are no different. In this article, we’ll explain\neverything you need to know about bohemian fashion, from its origin to its\nprinciples and valuable tips. Take a look below to find out how to incorporate\nboho style into your wardrobe.\n\nPhoto: Shutterstock.com\n\n## The History of Bohemian Style\n\nIt’s hard to say when has Bohemian style appeared for the first time, but\nthere was a group of artists in the 19th century that made this style so\npopular. We’re talking about Pre-Raphaelite artists who started wearing boho\nclothes as a way to show their uniqueness. In this period, if you wanted to be\nstylish, you needed to follow a set of rules that were often complicated and\nrequired a lot of money. They were rebellious, and they decided to dress in a\nmore casual, relaxed way. Artists and different subcultures always wore boho\nstyle, but it wasn’t until the 1960s that it expanded all around the world. It\nwas the era when everyone went crazy for boho style, comfortable clothes,\nfloral prints, maxi dresses, and so on. Today, the boho style remains very\npopular, and women worldwide love it because it allows them to express their\nauthenticity and feel comfortable in their clothes.\n\n### Bohemian Fashion and Celebrities\n\nKate Moss in black boho look. Photo: Featureflash Photo Agency /\nShutterstock.com\n\nEven celebrities who always have to be glamorous and elegant can’t resist the\nboho style’s charm. We have seen stars like Kate Moss wear boho clothes on\nvarious occasions. She was actually one of the celebrities who brought boho\nstyle back to the forefront of fashion. Kate Moss loves wearing romantic maxi\ndresses with floral prints, both in her private life and when she appears at\nred carpet events. Then there is Stevie Nicks that is known as Boho Queen. She\nis famous for wearing her long gowns, and she often combines different\nmaterials and textures. She is not afraid to experiment with clothes, so she\nis an inspiration for many women from her generation to today’s young women.\nShe is also the queen of bohemian chic accessories such as big earrings made\nwith feathers.\n\nOn the other hand, Zoe Kravitz is proof that young celebrities love this way\nof dressing too. In fact, she is one of the young celebrities that are helping\nto redefine bohemian style. She has appeared on stage with her band Lola Wolf\nmany times in breezy dresses and skirts, but she combines them with unusual\naccents such as a leather jacket or denim details.\n\nZoe Kravitz in Valentino embellished gown with bohemian style details. Photo:\nDFree / Shutterstock.com\n\n### Bohemian Fashion Today\n\nMany modern-day trends actually have origins in boho fashion. You maybe just\nhaven’t paid close attention to it. Just think about tie-dye, maxi dresses,\nlace ruffles – they are all bohemian details. Some people love to wear all\nboho looks, but if this concept is new to you, you can also add some accents\nto transform every outfit. When it comes to brands that nail bohemian style,\nthink about Zimmermann, Ulla Johnson, and Chloe. Their dreamy designs are\nperfect if you’re looking to take on the trend. But if you’re not into high\nfashion, don’t worry. Boho is for everyone! You can find these styles at mall\nbrands like H&M and Zara, especially in their summer collections.\n\n## How to Dress Bohemian Chic?\n\n## Layering\n\nPhoto: Urban Outfitters\n\nLayering is key for bohemian style. Think about long skirts, relaxed blouses\nand flowy pants. Top it all off with a richly brocade adorned coat for the\nultimate bohemian look. It is not only about your clothes but jewelry and\naccessories as well. Longline necklaces, glittering rings and wide-brimmed\nhats will have you looking like a boho dream.\n\nHouse of Harlow 1960 x REVOLVE Cassius Jacket $258 A floral brocade covers\nthis knee-length coat for a pop of color.Free People At the Shore Skirt $108\nTake on the bohemian look with a paisley print decoration.\n\n## Oversized & Relaxed\n\nPhoto: Free People\n\nAnother key to conquering bohemian style comes down to the oversized\nsilhouette. Although roomy styles can look amazing, make sure you do not look\nsloppy. So if you wear a relaxed pair of pants make sure to wear with a fitted\ntop or vice versa. Focus on proportion especially if you have a petite frame.\nRemember that sometimes less is indeed more.\n\nReformation Laurel Top in Goldfield $78 Floral print decorates a relaxed\nfitting blouse.Reformation Ash Pant $178 Take on animal print in a wide leg\npant style.\n\n## The Flower Crown\n\nPhoto: Rosa Cha\n\nIn major part to music festivals and fashion bloggers, the flower crown has\nnow become ubiquitous with bohemian style. This youthful accessory can easily\nbring some fun to any outfit. And although the floral crown can really take\nyour outfit to the next level, you can easily tone it down for everyday wear.\nWear a clip with floral adornment or a floral print ponytail holder to channel\nyour inner flower child.\n\nRock N Rose Cambridge Meadow Crown $88 A lilac and blue floral crown delivers\ngoddess vibes.Rock N Rose Mabel Dried Flower Crown $98 Pink ivory makes this\ncrown perfect with a dreamy dress.\n\nPages: 1 2\n\nFiled Under: Shopping, Style Guide Tagged With: bohemian fashion\n\n### Related Content\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Metrofahsion says\n\nSeptember 9, 2016 at 12:29 pm\n\nWOW! Very inspiring and eye-opening!! My sister will go crazy with these many\nbohemian flair ideas.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Mel Craven says\n\nSeptember 19, 2017 at 7:12 pm\n\nI’d totally wear hot pink with navy.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * YouTube\n\nFashion Gone Rogue takes part in numerous affiliate marketing programs, which\nresults in commissions for purchases made using our links to retailer\nwebsites.\n\n#### Recent Updates\n\n#### Anneliek Heuvel Models Autumn Styles for Vogue Turkey\n\n#### Tommy Hilfiger Rings In Festive Season With Holiday 2021 Campaign\n\n#### More Shopping\n\n#### Make a Statement in & Other Stories’ Party Dresses\n\n#### Trending Now: Britt Oosten Wears Mango’s Holiday Party Dressing\n\n#### Veronica Beard Elevates the Classics With Fall 2021 Styles\n\n#### Trending\n\n * Rebecca Mir Wows for Hunkemoller Lingerie Collaboration\n * Candice Swanepoel Enchants in Tropic of C’s New Arrivals\n * Maria Rosa is In Full Bloom for Vogue Portugal\n * Aly Turska Models Sporty Styles for ELLE Bulgaria\n * Ireland Baldwin Smolders in BCBGMAXAZRIA x Cosabella Lingerie\n\n#### Questions?\n\nContact About Us FAQ Privacy Policy Terms of Service\n\n#### Shopping Websites\n\nIn a shopping mood? 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.fashionbeans.com/2015/how-to-pull-off-bohemian-inspired-style/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211101182528/https://www.fashionbeans.com/2015/how-to-pull-off-bohemian-inspired-style/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style",
"passages": [
"“I’m a girl from a good family who was very well brought up. One day I turned my back on it all and became a bohemian,” once said Brigitte Bardot.",
"Though the flaxen-haired bombshell shunned the middle class conventions of mid-century France, her sentiment stands when it comes to matters of men’s style .",
"After many seasons devoted to all things preppy, prim and proper, fashion’s pendulum is swinging back towards weathered denim, sandals, cotton tunics, braided leather belts and other ‘hippie’ stalwarts for spring/summer.",
"It isn’t easy to give in to such free-spirited ways of thinking (and dressing for that matter) when your day job requires a stuffy suit and tie. Nonetheless, there’s ample opportunity – if only during off-duty hours – to trial the more insouciant look that’s trending right now, whether you’re taking inspiration from 1960s beatniks, 1970s-era hippies, 1980s New Romantics or the 1990s grunge scene.",
"Here are some key ways to add a bohemian touch to your wardrobe that don’t require you committing to wearing flowers in your hair:",
"This season, try investing in a classic pair of light wash jeans, in shades from mid-blue (as seen at Prada) to faded blue (as shown by Dior Homme). If you aren’t precious about your denim, giving your raw, dark jeans a couple of good 60 degree washes will also do the trick.",
"Hand-painted details, inscriptions, messages and graphics – from the literal to the abstract – all have a place in bohemian style.",
"If you’re not feeling the graffiti-covered tailoring seen on the SS15 runways at Dior, or Burberry’s fully printed jacket with matching accessories, why not get started with a simple printed scarf?",
"Nothing says free-spirited like a floral shirt, while nothing says corporate like a striped shirt, so it makes sense to switch it up.",
"Instead of that same old striped style you pair with chinos for an off-duty weekend look, why not try a Liberty print version this summer? Or consider paisley, as seen at Saint Laurent. Keep it relaxed and mellow when it comes to styling – that means no cufflinks, collar stiffeners or any other trappings of the bourgeois menswear wardrobe.",
"Just make sure the design fits with the colour choice – opt for cropped blazers or worker silhouettes rather than elasticised bombers or biker styles, which tend to look best in black.",
"It’s Saint Laurent once again leading the movement for SS15, although Prada’s smooth leather coat in tan leather dips into the trend just as well.",
"They’re not suitable until the weather really warms up, and it takes a good bit of confidence to team them with jeans, but if you manage this one, then you will nail that sense of bohemian nonchalance.",
"Although Prada and Fendi showed us this season’s best sandals, the high street is filled with more affordable versions – a good call for those who aren’t yet fully committed to the aesthetic.",
"Untucking your shirt, letting a scarf drape loosely around your shoulders, wearing relaxed-cut tailoring, going sockless, or even skipping (certain) steps of your grooming routine (not shaving, for example) will help you develop that artfully dishevelled look.",
"Also key is ensuring you don’t look too coordinated or put-together, even if some of you might feel a bit of an anarchist by doing so.",
"You want to accessorise this aesthetic with jewellery (leather/beaded bracelets and pendants rather than cufflinks), a slouchy leather/canvas bag instead of a structured briefcase, loafers rather than monk-straps or brogues, a neckerchief instead of your usual tie, a simple gold chain instead of a statement wristwatch, etc.",
"The tail-end of the year is a high-maintenance mistress to dress for, particularly when it comes to footwear. One miscalculated choice and that stride...",
"Not a lot of people know this, but the pocket square has been around since before Don Draper. Quite a bit before, in fact....",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style\n\n * Fashion\n * Style\n * Grooming\n * Hair\n * Street Style\n * Lifestyle\n * Watches\n\n * Fashion\n\n * MEN'S FASHION\n\n * All Latest Fashion Articles\n * Men's Fashion Trends\n * Fashion Lookbooks\n * Men's Fashion Guides\n * Men's Fashion News\n * Men's Fashion Collections\n\nMEN'S FASHION FEATURES\n\nFashion Trends\n\nThe latest men’s fashion trends direct from the runways and the streets.\n\nLOOKBOOKS\n\nGet inspiration for your daily outfits with the latest fashion lookbooks.\n\nFashion Discount Codes\n\nValid discount codes and offers from all your favourite brands.\n\n * Style\n\n * MEN'S STYLE\n\nMen's Celebrity Style Icons294Men's Street Style2Men's Style808\n\nMEN'S STYLE FEATURES\n\nTHE HOT LIST\n\nA visual snapshot of this season’s must-own trends, colours, fabrics & key\npieces.\n\nSTREET STYLE\n\nOur photographers capture the best-dressed real men across the globe.\n\nCELEBRITY STYLE\n\nStyle inspiration courtesy of past and present men’s style icons.\n\n * Grooming\n\n * Hair\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES GUIDES\n * SHORT HAIRCUTS\n * MEDIUM LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * LONG LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * CURLY HAIRCUTS\n * BLACK MEN HAIRCUTS\n\nMEN'S HAIRSTYLES GALLERIES\n\nShort Hairstyles For Men\n\nMedium Length Hairstyles For Men\n\nLong Hairstyles For Men\n\nCurly Hairstyles For Men\n\nBlack Men Hairstyles\n\nCelebrity Men's Hairstyles\n\n * Street Style\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Watches\n\n * Fashion\n\n * MEN'S FASHION\n\n * All Latest Fashion Articles\n * Men's Fashion Trends\n * Fashion Lookbooks\n * Men's Fashion Guides\n * Men's Fashion News\n * Men's Fashion Collections\n\nMEN'S FASHION FEATURES\n\nFashion Trends\n\nThe latest men’s fashion trends direct from the runways and the streets.\n\nLOOKBOOKS\n\nGet inspiration for your daily outfits with the latest fashion lookbooks.\n\nFashion Discount Codes\n\nValid discount codes and offers from all your favourite brands.\n\n * Style\n\n * MEN'S STYLE\n\nMen's Celebrity Style Icons294Men's Street Style2Men's Style808\n\nMEN'S STYLE FEATURES\n\nTHE HOT LIST\n\nA visual snapshot of this season’s must-own trends, colours, fabrics & key\npieces.\n\nSTREET STYLE\n\nOur photographers capture the best-dressed real men across the globe.\n\nCELEBRITY STYLE\n\nStyle inspiration courtesy of past and present men’s style icons.\n\n * Grooming\n\n * Hair\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES\n\n * MEN'S HAIRSTYLES GUIDES\n * SHORT HAIRCUTS\n * MEDIUM LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * LONG LENGTH HAIRSTYLES\n * CURLY HAIRCUTS\n * BLACK MEN HAIRCUTS\n\nMEN'S HAIRSTYLES GALLERIES\n\nShort Hairstyles For Men\n\nMedium Length Hairstyles For Men\n\nLong Hairstyles For Men\n\nCurly Hairstyles For Men\n\nBlack Men Hairstyles\n\nCelebrity Men's Hairstyles\n\n * Street Style\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Watches\n\nStyle Icons The Hot List Business Casual Smart Casual Black Tie How To Fold A\nPocket Sqaure\n\n# How To Pull Off Bohemian-Inspired Style\n\nMen's Style\n\nGabriel Weil\n\nOctober 15, 2021\n\nShare\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nWhatsApp\n\n“I’m a girl from a good family who was very well brought up. One day I turned\nmy back on it all and became a bohemian,” once said Brigitte Bardot.\n\nThough the flaxen-haired bombshell shunned the middle class conventions of\nmid-century France, her sentiment stands when it comes to matters of men’s\nstyle .\n\nAfter many seasons devoted to all things preppy, prim and proper, fashion’s\npendulum is swinging back towards weathered denim, sandals, cotton tunics,\nbraided leather belts and other ‘hippie’ stalwarts for spring/summer.\n\nIt isn’t easy to give in to such free-spirited ways of thinking (and dressing\nfor that matter) when your day job requires a stuffy suit and tie.\nNonetheless, there’s ample opportunity – if only during off-duty hours – to\ntrial the more insouciant look that’s trending right now, whether you’re\ntaking inspiration from 1960s beatniks, 1970s-era hippies, 1980s New Romantics\nor the 1990s grunge scene.\n\nHere are some key ways to add a bohemian touch to your wardrobe that don’t\nrequire you committing to wearing flowers in your hair:\n\n## Lighten Up On The Denim Front\n\nHarking back to authentic bohemian style means swapping your deep indigo\nselvedge for something several shades lighter.\n\nThis season, try investing in a classic pair of light wash jeans, in shades\nfrom mid-blue (as seen at Prada) to faded blue (as shown by Dior Homme). If\nyou aren’t precious about your denim, giving your raw, dark jeans a couple of\ngood 60 degree washes will also do the trick.\n\nIn addition, keep your eye out for distressed detailing and rips that\nepitomise a relaxed, devil-may-care attitude.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Allsaints Anhu Iggy Jeans\n * Nudie Jeans Steady Eddie In Blonde Slubs\n * Topman Light Wash Classic Skinny Fit Jeans\n * Wrangler Jeans Bryson Skinny Fit The Angler Light Wash\n * Cheap Monday Tight Jeans Skinny Fit In Stonewash Blue\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Light Wash Jan Jeans\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Light Wash Steve Jeans\n * River Island Light Wash Dylan Slim Jeans\n * Saint Laurent Skinny-leg Stretch-cotton Jeans\n * Reiss Southland Light Straight-fit Jeans Light Blue\n * Ami Slim-fit Washed-denim Jeans\n * Levis 501 Ct Jeans 501 Ct Slim-fit Jeans\n\n## Work Some Art Into Your Attire\n\nHand-painted details, inscriptions, messages and graphics – from the literal\nto the abstract – all have a place in bohemian style.\n\nIf you’re not feeling the graffiti-covered tailoring seen on the SS15 runways\nat Dior, or Burberry’s fully printed jacket with matching accessories, why not\nget started with a simple printed scarf?\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * He By Mango Paisley Modal-blend Scarf\n * Vivienne Westwood Scribble Orb Silk Scarf\n * Ted Baker Dazzys Graphic Floral Scarf\n * Alexander Mcqueen Abstract Print Scarf\n * Burberry Prorsum Typographic-print Cashmere Scarf\n * He By Mango Paisley Cotton Scarf\n * Etro Windowpane-check And Paisley-print Modal And Wool-blend Scarf\n * Etro Paisley-print Wool And Silk-blend Scarf\n * Junya Watanabe Printed Cotton And Linen-blend Scarf\n\n## Swap Your Striped Shirt For Something Floral\n\nNothing says free-spirited like a floral shirt, while nothing says corporate\nlike a striped shirt, so it makes sense to switch it up.\n\nInstead of that same old striped style you pair with chinos for an off-duty\nweekend look, why not try a Liberty print version this summer? Or consider\npaisley, as seen at Saint Laurent. Keep it relaxed and mellow when it comes to\nstyling – that means no cufflinks, collar stiffeners or any other trappings of\nthe bourgeois menswear wardrobe.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Floral-print Shirt\n * Pull&bear Shirt With Floral Skull Print\n * Sisley Shirt With All Over Floral Print\n * Allsaints Chesaw Shirt\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Floral-print Shirt\n * He By Mango Slim-fit Tropical-print Shirt\n * Reiss Bondi Dark Bloom Shirt Black\n * Burberry London Southbrook Geometric Floral-print Shirt\n * Liberty Print Mens Pink Phoebe Print Cotton Shirt\n * Nn.07 New Derek Floral-print Cotton-chambray Shirt\n * Saint Laurent Stand-collar Paisley-print Silk Shirt\n * Incotex Ween Slim-fit Paisley-print Cotton Shirt\n\n## Suede Is The New Leather\n\nA suede jacket, particularly one in shades from tan to dark brown, is SS15’s\ncoolest cover up option.\n\nJust make sure the design fits with the colour choice – opt for cropped\nblazers or worker silhouettes rather than elasticised bombers or biker styles,\nwhich tend to look best in black.\n\nIt’s Saint Laurent once again leading the movement for SS15, although Prada’s\nsmooth leather coat in tan leather dips into the trend just as well.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Edwin Sueded Jacket Panhead 2 Pocket\n * He By Mango Buttoned Suede Jacket\n * Asos Suede Western Jacket\n * Allsaints Ocarno Suede Jacket\n * Allsaints Ocarno Suede Jacket\n * The Kooples Zip Jacket In Lambskin Suede\n * Saint Laurent Slim-fit Suede Jacket\n * Sandro Suede Jacket\n * Oliver Spencer Suede Shirt Jacket\n\n## Swap Trainers For Leather Sandals\n\nThey’re not suitable until the weather really warms up, and it takes a good\nbit of confidence to team them with jeans, but if you manage this one, then\nyou will nail that sense of bohemian nonchalance.\n\nAlthough Prada and Fendi showed us this season’s best sandals, the high street\nis filled with more affordable versions – a good call for those who aren’t yet\nfully committed to the aesthetic.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Selected Homme Courtney Sliders In Brown\n * Jerusalem Sandals Golan Sandals\n * He By Mango Leather Sandals\n * Asos Sandals In Leather\n * Asos Sandals In Leather With Cross Over Strap\n * Aldo Alaydia Leather Sandals\n * Ted Baker Casspor Printed Sandals\n * Aldo Runako\n * Allsaints Shaw Sandal\n * Opera Darte Terni Bi-strap Leather Sandals\n * Kurt Geiger Keldy Leather Sandals\n * A.p.c. Crepe-sole Leather Sandals\n\n## Style Yourself Like You Don’t Care\n\nThis is paramount to pulling off bohemian style convincingly, and probably the\nmost difficult aspect to master.\n\nUntucking your shirt, letting a scarf drape loosely around your shoulders,\nwearing relaxed-cut tailoring, going sockless, or even skipping (certain)\nsteps of your grooming routine (not shaving, for example) will help you\ndevelop that artfully dishevelled look.\n\nAlso key is ensuring you don’t look too coordinated or put-together, even if\nsome of you might feel a bit of an anarchist by doing so.\n\n## Do A 180 With Your Accessories\n\nYou want to accessorise this aesthetic with jewellery (leather/beaded\nbracelets and pendants rather than cufflinks), a slouchy leather/canvas bag\ninstead of a structured briefcase, loafers rather than monk-straps or brogues,\na neckerchief instead of your usual tie, a simple gold chain instead of a\nstatement wristwatch, etc.\n\nAs a rule of thumb, if it looks straight-laced then it’s best left at home.\n\n###### Key Styles\n\n * Icon Brand Multi Necklace\n * Simon Carter Semi Precious Bracelet Pack\n\nGabriel Weil\n\nPrevious articleThe Best Suede Shirts To Buy In 2021\n\nNext articleHenry Cavill Style: How To Wear A Suit When You're Huge\n\n### Similar Articles\n\n### 6 Types Of Boots Every Man Should Own\n\nMen's Style Murray Clark - October 31, 2021\n\nThe tail-end of the year is a high-maintenance mistress to dress for,\nparticularly when it comes to footwear. One miscalculated choice and that\nstride...\n\n### How To Fold A Pocket Square Like A Pro\n\nMen's Style Jess Brown - October 30, 2021\n\nNot a lot of people know this, but the pocket square has been around since\nbefore Don Draper. Quite a bit before, in fact....\n\n#### TRENDING ARTICLES\n\nThe Best Affordable Watch Brands For Men\n\nTrending Accessories\n\nThe Best Short Sleeve Button Up Shirts You Can Buy For Summer 2021\n\n#### TRENDING ARTICLES\n\nThe Best Affordable Jeans You Can Buy In 2021\n\nThe Best Sneaker Brands In The World Right Now\n\nThe Best Smart Casual Dressing Guide You'll Ever Read\n\nHomeMen's Style\n\nINFORMATION\n\n * Advertising\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy & Cookies Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n\nFASHION & STYLE\n\n * Mens Fashion\n * Mens Style\n * Mens Grooming\n * Best Mens Watches\n * Discount Codes\n * Clothing Sales\n\nHAIRSTYLES\n\n * Mens Haircuts\n * Short Hairstyles\n * Medium Length Hairstyles\n * Long Hairstyles\n * Curly Hairstyles\n * Black Men Hairstyles\n\nBUYING GUIDES\n\n * Birthday Gifts For Him\n * Anniversary Gifts For Him\n * Anniversary Gifts For Her\n * Mother's Day Gifts\n * Father's Day Gifts\n\nCONNECT WITH FASHIONBEANS\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram\n\nPinterest\n\nFASHIONBEANS NEWSLETTER\n\nSIGN UP\n\nCopyright © 2021 Solid Ventures, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\nAll products featured on FashionBeans are independently selected by our\neditors. However, when you buy something through our retail links, we may earn\nan affiliate commission. The material on this site can not be reproduced,\ndistributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with prior written\npermission of Solid Ventures.\n\nWe are using cookies to give you the best experience on our website.\n\nPowered by GDPR Cookie Compliance\n\nPrivacy Overview\n\nThis website uses cookies so that we can provide you with the best user\nexperience possible. 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683,593 | How To Be a Tax Preparer | To become a tax preparer, apply for jobs that offer tax preparer training or enroll in a training program offered by the Accreditation Council for Accountancy and Taxation. After training, obtain a Preparer Tax Identification Number using the IRS website. Then, to become certified, register with your state by searching "tax preparer registration" and the name of your state. Once you are certified, you can work for a tax preparation company or start your own business. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161217005815/http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200928090230/https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20171015172608/http://learn.org:80/articles/Tax_Preparer_5_Steps_to_Becoming_a_Tax_Preparer.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200909010747/https://www.irs.gov/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210123202315/https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200921073229/https://study.com/articles/Tax_Preparer_Educational_Requirements_to_be_a_Tax_Accounting_Professional.html"
] | train | 438 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161217005815/http://www.naea.org:80/become-enrolled-agent/how-do-you-become-enrolled-agent",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?",
"passages": [
"There are two tracks to become an enrolled agent, which are outlined in Treasury Department Circular 230, Regulations Governing the Practice of Attorneys, Certified Public Accountants, Enrolled Agents, Enrolled Actuaries, and Appraisers Before the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS website also provides information on the enrollment process. Prometric administers the exam process for IRS. The two tracks are:",
"Online examination. You can become an enrolled agent by demonstrating special competence in tax matters by taking a online examination administered by Prometric. This track requires that you -",
"Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicant's tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.",
"IRS experience. You can become an enrolled agent by virtue of past service and technical experience with the IRS that qualifies you for enrollment. This track requires that you -",
"Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicants tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.",
"NAEA, the only organization which represents enrolled agents solely, wants to help you achieve your goals. We can help you do it! Want to talk with a seasoned EA? Join our contact list."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent? | NAEA\n\nJump to NavigationJump to Content\n\n * About NAEA\n * Find A Tax Expert\n * Forums\n * Contact\n\nLogin\n\n * Find A Tax Expert\n * Membership\n\n * Join NAEA\n * My Account\n * Renew My Membership\n * Member Resources\n * Publications\n * NAEA Store\n * Education & Events\n\n * Continuing Education\n * NAEA Education Foundation/Scholarships\n * National Tax Practice Institute\n * NTPI Level 1 Online\n * EA Journal CE\n * learning.naea.org\n * CE Transcripts & Certificates\n * Calendar\n * Schuldiner/Smollan Leadership Academy (SSLA). CURRENTLY ACCEPTING APPLICATIONS!\n * Fall Webinars\n * NTPI Orlando\n * Winter Webinars\n * 2016 IRS Tax Forums\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\n\n * Enrolled Agent (EA) Examination\n * What Is An Enrolled Agent?\n * A Career As An Enrolled Agent\n * How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\n * Becoming an Enrolled Agent FAQs\n * Studying for the Enrolled Agent (EA) Exam\n * NAEA Online Self-Study EA Exam Preparation Course\n * What do I need to do to keep my license?\n * Advocacy\n\n * NAEA PAC\n * Government Relations Committee Members\n * Testimony\n * Comments & Letters\n * NAEA Position Papers\n * NAEA Fly-in Day\n * Grassroots\n * State Advocacy\n * Speeches\n\n * Robert Kerr Addresses Senior Identity Theft on FTC Panel\n * IRS RPO Director David Williams speaks to NAEA\n * IRS Executive Implementation Lead David Williams Discusses Return Preparer Oversight\n * Newsroom\n\n * News\n * Multimedia Gallery\n * Educating America\n\n * Affiliate Tools\n * EA Testimonials\n * For Students and Colleges\n * State Affiliates\n\nHome › Become an Enrolled Agent\n\n# How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\n\nThere are two tracks to become an enrolled agent, which are outlined in\nTreasury Department Circular 230, Regulations Governing the Practice of\nAttorneys, Certified Public Accountants, Enrolled Agents, Enrolled Actuaries,\nand Appraisers Before the Internal Revenue Service. The IRS website also\nprovides information on the enrollment process. Prometric administers the exam\nprocess for IRS. The two tracks are:\n\n * Online examination. You can become an enrolled agent by demonstrating special competence in tax matters by taking a online examination administered by Prometric. This track requires that you -\n\n * Obtain a Personal Tax Identification Number (PTIN)\n * Apply to take the Special Enrollment Examination (SEE);\n * Achieve passing scores on all parts of the SEE;\n * Apply for enrollment on Form 23; and\n * Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicant's tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\n * IRS experience. You can become an enrolled agent by virtue of past service and technical experience with the IRS that qualifies you for enrollment. This track requires that you -\n\n * Possess the years of past service and technical experience specified in Circular 230;\n * Apply for enrollment Form 23; and\n * Applicants must undergo a background check prior to enrollment, which includes a review of the applicants tax transcript. Failure to timely file or pay taxes can be grounds for denial of enrollment.\n\nNAEA, the only organization which represents enrolled agents solely, wants to\nhelp you achieve your goals. We can help you do it! Want to talk with a\nseasoned EA? Join our contact list.\n\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\n\n * Enrolled Agent (EA) Examination\n * What Is An Enrolled Agent?\n * A Career As An Enrolled Agent\n * How Do You Become An Enrolled Agent?\n * Becoming an Enrolled Agent FAQs\n * Studying for the Enrolled Agent (EA) Exam\n * NAEA Online Self-Study EA Exam Preparation Course\n * What do I need to do to keep my license?\n\n## National Association of Enrolled Agents\n\n1730 Rhode Island Avenue, NW, Suite 400 Washington, DC 20036-3953 Toll free:\n855-880-NAEA (6232) 202-822-NAEA (6232) 202-822-6270-Fax | info@naea.org\n\n * Find A Tax Expert\n * Membership\n * Education & Events\n * Become an Enrolled Agent\n * Advocacy\n * Newsroom\n * Educating America\n * State Affiliates\n\n * Advertising & Sponsorship\n * Privacy Policy\n * Site Map\n\n## CONNECT WITH NAEA ON:\n\n© 2016 National Association of Enrolled Agents\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200928090230/https://nasba.org/licensure/gettingacpalicense/howtogetlicensed/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Get Licensed",
"passages": [
"Whether you need to obtain your initial CPA license, or are a licensed CPA needing to practice in a new location, we’ve outlined the steps you need to take:",
"First, determine where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, and then make sure you obtain the appropriate education and other requirements needed to qualify in that state. While this may sound pretty simple, the tricky part is that the education requirements to sit for the CPA exam are different for every state. For example, some states require 120 total semester hours to qualify; while others require 150 total hours. There are also more narrow educational requirements specific to each state such as 33 semester hours in accounting and 36 semester hours in business. A different state might require 33 semester hours in accounting and have no minimum semester hours for business. There are also other requirements that states enforce regarding age, residency, etc. You should be sure to review requirements and criteria for states you are considering for application.",
"If you’re already pretty far along in your education, you can determine which state’s CPA exam education and other requirements most closely match your personal profile and apply for the exam in that state. Each state board of accountancy provides this information on their individual websites. You can also find the state-specific exam requirements for most states here.",
"However, the easiest and fastest way to find out where you are likely to qualify for the CPA exam and CPA license is by using NASBA’s Accountancy Licensing Library (ALL). ALL features a Research Tool that allows you to select the search criteria that match your information and then generates a report showing which states enforce those requirements. You can perform an unlimited number of searches for one day for only $10.",
"Once you have completed the education requirements for the state where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, you should review the Uniform CPA Examination Candidate Bulletin. This document is a great resource that provides information about the exam process (how to apply, scheduling your exam, taking the exam, receiving your scores, etc.), and exam content (preparing for the exam, length and formats, specifications and sample question types, etc.).",
"After reviewing the Candidate Bulletin, you should view a tutorial and take the sample tests available on the AICPA website.",
"Once you’re ready to apply to take the CPA exam, come back to the CPA exam section of our website to get all of the specific information you need.",
"After successfully passing all four sections of the CPA exam, the next step is to complete the other requirements for obtaining a CPA license in the state in which you plan to ultimately practice as a CPA. Just like requirements for the CPA exam, requirements (like education and work experience) for a CPA license vary from state to state.",
"For example, many states require at least one year of public accounting work experience to qualify for a CPA license; while others accept different types of work experience in place of public accounting experience (such as teaching, self-employment and part-time employment). To add to the complexity, some states have more specific requirements, such as a specified amount of auditing work experience.",
"If you reside and work in the United States, then you are required to be licensed in the state where you live and practice. Most states now offer Mobility privileges that allow CPAs to service clients across state borders, but those laws can take some delicate navigation as well.",
"Watch a video about the process of becoming a CPA > Get help determining where to get a CPA license"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Licensed | NASBA\n\n * Contact Us\n * About Us\n * Careers\n\n * MEMBER CENTER\n\n * Board Member Portal\n * Member Products & Services\n\n * Communications & Outreach\n * Legislative Support\n\n * Marijuana – Board Guidance\n * Board Statutes\n * Key Person Contact Program\n * Legislative Tracking\n * Session Snapshot\n * North Carolina Dental Case\n * Board Gateway Access\n * Committees\n * PROC Resources\n * Enforcement Tools\n\n * Board Counsel Boot Camp Materials\n * NASBA Awards\n\n * Award Criteria\n * Past Winners\n * ED Login\n * Meetings & Events\n\n * 2018 ED Conference\n * Calendar View\n * EXAMS\n\n * CPA Exam Credit Extension\n * Continuous Testing Overview and Status Map\n * CPA Exam\n * International Qualification Examination (IQEX)\n * NASBA International Evaluation Services\n * Exam News\n * Products and Services\n * LICENSURE\n\n * Getting a License\n * NASBA Licensing\n * How Many CPAs?\n * Maintaining a License\n * Boards of Accountancy\n * Substantial Equivalency\n * Mobility\n * International\n * Products & Services\n * EDUCATION\n\n * Education Eligibility Requirements\n * Becoming a CPA\n * NASBA International Evaluation Services\n * Maintaining a License\n * National Registry of CPE Sponsors\n * Research Grant Proposals\n\n * Research Grant Topics and Recipients\n * Confirm Registry Sponsor\n * Products & Services\n\n * Meetings & Events\n * International\n * News\n * Publications\n * Boards of Accountancy\n\n## PRODUCTS & SERVICES\n\n## MEDIA & RESOURCES\n\n * Home\n * Getting a License\n * How to Get Licensed\n\n# How to Get Licensed\n\nWhether you need to obtain your initial CPA license, or are a licensed CPA\nneeding to practice in a new location, we’ve outlined the steps you need to\ntake:\n\n### Step 1: Determine where you plan to take the exam and complete the\nrequirements for that state.\n\nFirst, determine where you plan to sit for the CPA exam, and then make sure\nyou obtain the appropriate education and other requirements needed to qualify\nin that state. While this may sound pretty simple, the tricky part is that the\neducation requirements to sit for the CPA exam are different for every state.\nFor example, some states require 120 total semester hours to qualify; while\nothers require 150 total hours. There are also more narrow educational\nrequirements specific to each state such as 33 semester hours in accounting\nand 36 semester hours in business. A different state might require 33 semester\nhours in accounting and have no minimum semester hours for business. There are\nalso other requirements that states enforce regarding age, residency, etc. You\nshould be sure to review requirements and criteria for states you are\nconsidering for application.\n\nIf you’re already pretty far along in your education, you can determine which\nstate’s CPA exam education and other requirements most closely match your\npersonal profile and apply for the exam in that state. Each state board of\naccountancy provides this information on their individual websites. You can\nalso find the state-specific exam requirements for most states here.\n\nHowever, the easiest and fastest way to find out where you are likely to\nqualify for the CPA exam and CPA license is by using NASBA’s Accountancy\nLicensing Library (ALL). ALL features a Research Tool that allows you to\nselect the search criteria that match your information and then generates a\nreport showing which states enforce those requirements. You can perform an\nunlimited number of searches for one day for only $10.\n\n> Learn more about the Accountancy Licensing Library (ALL) and its Research\n> Tool\n\nWhat would really help you in this process is to determine ahead of time in\nwhich state you plan to become licensed as a CPA. Finding out the license\nrequirements early can help ensure a smooth path to becoming a CPA, but we\nrealize that’s not always an option. Where you take the exam is not dependent\non where you intend to practice. CPA exam test scores can be transferred to\nany state for the purpose of getting a CPA license.\n\n### Step 2: Now you are ready to sit for the CPA Exam.\n\nOnce you have completed the education requirements for the state where you\nplan to sit for the CPA exam, you should review the Uniform CPA Examination\nCandidate Bulletin. This document is a great resource that provides\ninformation about the exam process (how to apply, scheduling your exam, taking\nthe exam, receiving your scores, etc.), and exam content (preparing for the\nexam, length and formats, specifications and sample question types, etc.).\n\nAfter reviewing the Candidate Bulletin, you should view a tutorial and take\nthe sample tests available on the AICPA website.\n\nOnce you’re ready to apply to take the CPA exam, come back to the CPA exam\nsection of our website to get all of the specific information you need.\n\n### Step 3: Determine where you plan to obtain your CPA license.\n\nAfter successfully passing all four sections of the CPA exam, the next step is\nto complete the other requirements for obtaining a CPA license in the state in\nwhich you plan to ultimately practice as a CPA. Just like requirements for the\nCPA exam, requirements (like education and work experience) for a CPA license\nvary from state to state.\n\nFor example, many states require at least one year of public accounting work\nexperience to qualify for a CPA license; while others accept different types\nof work experience in place of public accounting experience (such as teaching,\nself-employment and part-time employment). To add to the complexity, some\nstates have more specific requirements, such as a specified amount of auditing\nwork experience.\n\nIf you reside and work in the United States, then you are required to be\nlicensed in the state where you live and practice. Most states now offer\nMobility privileges that allow CPAs to service clients across state borders,\nbut those laws can take some delicate navigation as well.\n\n> Watch a video about the process of becoming a CPA > Get help determining\n> where to get a CPA license \n \n--- \n \n * Contact Us\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Email Signup\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Technical Support\n\n * NASBA Membership 150 Fourth Ave. North Suite 700 Nashville, TN 37219-2417 Tel: 615-880-4200 Fax: 615-880-4290\n\n * CPA Examination Services 800-CPA-EXAM (800-272-3926) International: 615-880-4250 cpaexam@nasba.org\n\nCopyright © 2006 – 2020 National Association of State Boards of Accountancy,\nInc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150217234154/http://www.mainstreet.com:80/article/7-best-part-time-jobs",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs",
"passages": [
"That may be true in terms of hours in the work week, but many part-time jobs pay just as well as a traditional 40-hour week ones and a number of positions come with health insurance coverage, paid vacation days and employee discounts.",
"1. Tax Preparer Thousands of people need help every year to file their returns. Part-time tax preparers are often accountants who know their way around deductions and forms, and who want extra income. Though the job typically peaks in the spring, many clients choose to retain their tax professional as a year-round personal accountant and adviser. Salary: Set your own fee. H&R Block (Stock Quote: HRB) typically charges anywhere from $100 to $200 for their services, so you can probably charge up to $80 and still offer a bargain.",
"2. Substitute Teacher Many states offer substitute teaching positions without requiring a teaching degree. Often, anyone with a bachelor’s degree is eligible, provided they pass a background check and interview. The length of employment varies and you should be flexible for days when you get a frantic last-minute call at 6 a.m., but it’s a good way to put your education to use while aiding in the education of others. Salary: Varies depending on the state. In Oregon, for example, substitutes get about $150 a day.",
"3. Private Tutor Jeremiah LeBrash started tutoring in college as a way to make some extra income. He’s now making enough money for it to be his full- time job. “I started out teaching SAT prep for Kaplan, but I was only making $20 an hour,” he says. “I realized I could do it on my own, give my students one-on-one attention, and charge twice as much.” LeBrash now charges $80 an hour for test preparation and $60 for general math and science help. Salary: Companies like Kaplan and The Princeton Review pay tutors anywhere from $20 to $60 an hour, depending on the test they teach and the size of the class. Private tutors, like LeBrash, can set their own fee.",
"4. Part-Time Receptionist Answering telephones and receiving packages may not be the most glamorous job, but according to career counselor Judith Gerberg, it’s a great opportunity to network. Gerberg, president of the Career Counselors Consortium, knew a laid off radio DJ who ended up working as a receptionist for a law firm. She soon became acquainted with a filmmaker client who loved her music knowledge so much, he hired her as an associate producer. “Lawyers and small businesses always need administrative help,” says Gerberg. “You might be making minimum wage, but keep your ego under wraps. You never know who will walk through the door.” Salary: Varies, but can be in the $20,000-a-year range.",
"5. Computer Technician Gerberg says there is an increased need for tech support, as more people move their businesses home. Computer technicians make basic repairs, set up wi-fi and perform other jobs. Companies are also looking for individuals who can build websites, which makes this a no-brainer for anyone with a little creativity and HTML experience. Salary: Set your own fee. Tech support rates vary according to the job, rates can be around $30 an hour or more.",
"6. Copy Editor “Copy editing is proofreading,” says Rachel Goldman, who took her skills honed in her day job as an online news producer and used them to score part-time work as well. In addition to checking texts for spelling, punctuation, grammar and formatting errors, \"I also help the person brainstorm and flesh out their work,” says Goldman. Although she started out editing essays for college students, Goldman is now working on documents such as patent applications and television scripts as well. Salary: Goldman’s fees vary based on length and subject matter, but she estimates that she makes about $100 per document.",
"7. Direct Seller Companies such as Amway and Avon (Stock Quote: AVP) allow people to make money on their own time, while offering incentive programs like discounted insurance. And while the recession may have curbed consumer spending, Avon recently reported earnings that were above expectations. “Our products are selling well because it’s affordable luxury,” says Lindsay Blaker, an Avon spokesperson. Salary: Blaker says she’s seen reps make anywhere from a few hundred dollars a month to six-figure annual salaries. “I met someone who went from a corporate setting to becoming a full-time seller because she was making just as much money staying at home,” she says. “People love the flexibility of the job.”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs - MainStreet\n\n# 7 of the Best Part-Time Jobs\n\n * MainStreet Staff\n * Feb 23, 2009 7:00 AM EST\n\nThe common perception is that part-time jobs have less to offer than full-time\npositions.\n\nThat may be true in terms of hours in the work week, but many part-time jobs\npay just as well as a traditional 40-hour week ones and a number of positions\ncome with health insurance coverage, paid vacation days and employee\ndiscounts.\n\nHere is our list of some of the best part-time jobs:\n\n1\\. Tax Preparer Thousands of people need help every year to file their\nreturns. Part-time tax preparers are often accountants who know their way\naround deductions and forms, and who want extra income. Though the job\ntypically peaks in the spring, many clients choose to retain their tax\nprofessional as a year-round personal accountant and adviser. Salary: Set your\nown fee. H&R Block (Stock Quote: HRB) typically charges anywhere from $100 to\n$200 for their services, so you can probably charge up to $80 and still offer\na bargain.\n\n2\\. Substitute Teacher Many states offer substitute teaching positions without\nrequiring a teaching degree. Often, anyone with a bachelor’s degree is\neligible, provided they pass a background check and interview. The length of\nemployment varies and you should be flexible for days when you get a frantic\nlast-minute call at 6 a.m., but it’s a good way to put your education to use\nwhile aiding in the education of others. Salary: Varies depending on the\nstate. In Oregon, for example, substitutes get about $150 a day.\n\n3\\. Private Tutor Jeremiah LeBrash started tutoring in college as a way to\nmake some extra income. He’s now making enough money for it to be his full-\ntime job. “I started out teaching SAT prep for Kaplan, but I was only making\n$20 an hour,” he says. “I realized I could do it on my own, give my students\none-on-one attention, and charge twice as much.” LeBrash now charges $80 an\nhour for test preparation and $60 for general math and science help. Salary:\nCompanies like Kaplan and The Princeton Review pay tutors anywhere from $20 to\n$60 an hour, depending on the test they teach and the size of the class.\nPrivate tutors, like LeBrash, can set their own fee.\n\n4\\. Part-Time Receptionist Answering telephones and receiving packages may not\nbe the most glamorous job, but according to career counselor Judith Gerberg,\nit’s a great opportunity to network. Gerberg, president of the Career\nCounselors Consortium, knew a laid off radio DJ who ended up working as a\nreceptionist for a law firm. She soon became acquainted with a filmmaker\nclient who loved her music knowledge so much, he hired her as an associate\nproducer. “Lawyers and small businesses always need administrative help,” says\nGerberg. “You might be making minimum wage, but keep your ego under wraps. You\nnever know who will walk through the door.” Salary: Varies, but can be in the\n$20,000-a-year range.\n\n5\\. Computer Technician Gerberg says there is an increased need for tech\nsupport, as more people move their businesses home. Computer technicians make\nbasic repairs, set up wi-fi and perform other jobs. Companies are also looking\nfor individuals who can build websites, which makes this a no-brainer for\nanyone with a little creativity and HTML experience. Salary: Set your own fee.\nTech support rates vary according to the job, rates can be around $30 an hour\nor more.\n\n6\\. Copy Editor “Copy editing is proofreading,” says Rachel Goldman, who took\nher skills honed in her day job as an online news producer and used them to\nscore part-time work as well. In addition to checking texts for spelling,\npunctuation, grammar and formatting errors, \"I also help the person brainstorm\nand flesh out their work,” says Goldman. Although she started out editing\nessays for college students, Goldman is now working on documents such as\npatent applications and television scripts as well. Salary: Goldman’s fees\nvary based on length and subject matter, but she estimates that she makes\nabout $100 per document.\n\n7\\. Direct Seller Companies such as Amway and Avon (Stock Quote: AVP) allow\npeople to make money on their own time, while offering incentive programs like\ndiscounted insurance. And while the recession may have curbed consumer\nspending, Avon recently reported earnings that were above expectations. “Our\nproducts are selling well because it’s affordable luxury,” says Lindsay\nBlaker, an Avon spokesperson. Salary: Blaker says she’s seen reps make\nanywhere from a few hundred dollars a month to six-figure annual salaries. “I\nmet someone who went from a corporate setting to becoming a full-time seller\nbecause she was making just as much money staying at home,” she says. “People\nlove the flexibility of the job.”\n\n—For the best rates on CDs, mortgages, savings, credit cards and more, enter\nyour ZIP code at BankingMyWay.com.\n\nRelated Stories:\n\nWho's Hiring Part-Time: Six Flags and Toll Roads\n\nWho's Hiring Part Time: Lowe’s, JCPenney & Jamba Juice\n\n7 More Specialized Job Search Sites\n\nWays to Make Cash When There Are No Jobs\n\nShow Comments\n\nBack to Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200926183820/https://www.howtobecome.com/how-to-become-a-tax-preparer",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Become a Tax Preparer",
"passages": [
"Tax preparers prepare and file federal and state tax returns for paying clients. In some states, they may work independently, but in other states, they are required to work under the supervision of a Certified Public Accountant (CPA), attorney, or other tax professional.",
"Tax preparers must be familiar with the various tax forms and schedules that the Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and state tax boards issue, and they should be comfortable using math and computers. Tax preparers examine their client’s financial records and work with them to determine their tax obligation and to identify tax credits and deductions for which they qualify. They then fill out the appropriate forms and submit them to the state and federal government on their client’s behalf, signing their name on the return to identify themselves as the preparer.",
"Tax preparers are generally not required to have any specific educational background beyond a high school diploma, but there are courses and training programs they can complete to learn what they need to know to prepare tax returns.",
"Tax preparer training courses are offered by tax preparation companies and tax schools. These courses cover topics like filing status, standard deductions, dependents, wages, taxable benefits, income from interest, retirement plans and pensions, social security income, health savings accounts, business expenses, charitable contributions, foreign tax, tax as it relates to real estate transactions, and various credits and deductions.",
"Students in tax preparer courses also learn about the various forms and schedules their clients may be required to file. Some clients have complicated finances that require the use of forms beyond the standard forms most people file. Clients who own businesses, are independent contractors, or earn income from a farm, for example, have special filing requirements.",
"Tax preparer courses also teach students state-specific tax information. Each state has its own tax code and preparers should be as familiar with the requirements for filing taxes in their state as they are with federal tax requirements.",
"Tax preparers must meet both federal and state licensure and registration requirements. The IRS requires tax preparers to obtain a Preparer Tax Identification Number (PTIN) before they can accept payment for preparing tax returns. To apply for a PTIN, prospective tax preparers submit their social security number, personal information, and previous year’s tax return to the IRS. Applicants must also disclose any past felony convictions or problems with their tax obligations. Tax preparers who have been granted a PTIN but are not CPAs, attorneys, or “enrolled agents” are known as “unenrolled preparers” and possess the minimum qualifications required to prepare federal taxes. Unenrolled preparers are limited to filing only certain types of tax returns and cannot represent their clients before the IRS beyond the basic audit level.",
"Some tax preparers become enrolled agents so they can file returns for and represent all types of taxpayers. To become an enrolled agent, preparers must pass a three-part examination that tests knowledge of individual tax returns, business tax returns, and representation before the IRS. In addition to passing this exam, enrolled agent applicants must pass a compliance check on their tax history. Once they are licensed, enrolled agents must complete 16 hours of continuing education per year to maintain their status.",
"Individual states set their own requirements for the licensure and registration of tax preparers. Some states require only that tax preparers have a valid PTIN, while others require education and testing. Preparers who are CPAs, attorneys, or enrolled agents may be exempt from some or all state registration requirements.",
"Tax preparers can request a PTIN before completing any tax education, but it may take some time for the IRS to issue the number. It can take several weeks to complete a tax preparation course and additional time beyond that to pass any examinations required for state registration or licensure.",
"The median yearly pay for tax preparers in the United States was $43,350 in 2012. The lowest ten percent of this group earned less than $18,820 that year, and the top ten percent made more than $80,360.",
"The Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment of tax preparers will grow 10 percent between 2012 and 2020, about as fast as the average growth for all occupations.",
"Tax preparers who start out as unenrolled preparers can pursue additional training and become enrolled agents, which allows them to provide services to a wider range of clients and possibly charge more for their services. Some tax preparers go to work for themselves, and if they are successful, their businesses may expand.",
"If you are qualified by your state’s standards to work as an independent tax preparer, you can get started by advertising your services in your community. As you build a client base, you should start receiving more referrals for your business.",
"If you cannot yet work independently or want to work for an established business, you can apply for positions with accounting or law firms that offer tax services. There are several large corporations that provide tax preparation services, and you can look for work with these companies as well.",
"The IRS devotes a section of its website to information for tax professionals, and this can be a good resource for you to learn about providing tax preparation services. You can also search your state tax board or department’s web site for information about the registration or licensure requirements for tax preparers in your state.",
"Professional associations like the National Association of Tax Professionals and the National Association of Enrolled Agents can be helpful sources of information as well.",
"Recommendation rate refers to the percent of students who said they would recommend this school based on reviews submitted to our partner site, GradReports.com.",
"This indicates that a school has an annual tuition of $15,000 or less as reported to the National Center for Education Statistics or based on the school's website.",
"This indicates that a school has a recommend rate of 60% or more and at least 6 reviews (based on data from our partner site GradReports.com)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Become a Tax Preparer\n\nHow to Become\n\nHome Career List Expert Advice Contact Us\n\nFind a Taxation School\n\n14 Degrees from 10 Schools\n\n# How to Become a Tax Preparer\n\nTax preparers prepare and file federal and state tax returns for paying\nclients. In some states, they may work independently, but in other states,\nthey are required to work under the supervision of a Certified Public\nAccountant (CPA), attorney, or other tax professional.\n\nTax preparers must be familiar with the various tax forms and schedules that\nthe Internal Revenue Service (IRS) and state tax boards issue, and they should\nbe comfortable using math and computers. Tax preparers examine their client’s\nfinancial records and work with them to determine their tax obligation and to\nidentify tax credits and deductions for which they qualify. They then fill out\nthe appropriate forms and submit them to the state and federal government on\ntheir client’s behalf, signing their name on the return to identify themselves\nas the preparer.\n\nWhat kind of training is required to become a tax preparer?\n\nTax preparers are generally not required to have any specific educational\nbackground beyond a high school diploma, but there are courses and training\nprograms they can complete to learn what they need to know to prepare tax\nreturns.\n\nTax preparer training courses are offered by tax preparation companies and tax\nschools. These courses cover topics like filing status, standard deductions,\ndependents, wages, taxable benefits, income from interest, retirement plans\nand pensions, social security income, health savings accounts, business\nexpenses, charitable contributions, foreign tax, tax as it relates to real\nestate transactions, and various credits and deductions.\n\nStudents in tax preparer courses also learn about the various forms and\nschedules their clients may be required to file. Some clients have complicated\nfinances that require the use of forms beyond the standard forms most people\nfile. Clients who own businesses, are independent contractors, or earn income\nfrom a farm, for example, have special filing requirements.\n\nTax preparer courses also teach students state-specific tax information. Each\nstate has its own tax code and preparers should be as familiar with the\nrequirements for filing taxes in their state as they are with federal tax\nrequirements.\n\nAre there any certification or licensure requirements?\n\nTax preparers must meet both federal and state licensure and registration\nrequirements. The IRS requires tax preparers to obtain a Preparer Tax\nIdentification Number (PTIN) before they can accept payment for preparing tax\nreturns. To apply for a PTIN, prospective tax preparers submit their social\nsecurity number, personal information, and previous year’s tax return to the\nIRS. Applicants must also disclose any past felony convictions or problems\nwith their tax obligations. Tax preparers who have been granted a PTIN but are\nnot CPAs, attorneys, or “enrolled agents” are known as “unenrolled preparers”\nand possess the minimum qualifications required to prepare federal taxes.\nUnenrolled preparers are limited to filing only certain types of tax returns\nand cannot represent their clients before the IRS beyond the basic audit\nlevel.\n\nSome tax preparers become enrolled agents so they can file returns for and\nrepresent all types of taxpayers. To become an enrolled agent, preparers must\npass a three-part examination that tests knowledge of individual tax returns,\nbusiness tax returns, and representation before the IRS. In addition to\npassing this exam, enrolled agent applicants must pass a compliance check on\ntheir tax history. Once they are licensed, enrolled agents must complete 16\nhours of continuing education per year to maintain their status.\n\nIndividual states set their own requirements for the licensure and\nregistration of tax preparers. Some states require only that tax preparers\nhave a valid PTIN, while others require education and testing. Preparers who\nare CPAs, attorneys, or enrolled agents may be exempt from some or all state\nregistration requirements.\n\nHow long does it take to become a tax preparer?\n\nTax preparers can request a PTIN before completing any tax education, but it\nmay take some time for the IRS to issue the number. It can take several weeks\nto complete a tax preparation course and additional time beyond that to pass\nany examinations required for state registration or licensure.\n\nWhat does a tax preparer earn?\n\nThe median yearly pay for tax preparers in the United States was $43,350 in\n2012. The lowest ten percent of this group earned less than $18,820 that year,\nand the top ten percent made more than $80,360.\n\nWhat are the job prospects?\n\nThe Bureau of Labor Statistics projects that employment of tax preparers will\ngrow 10 percent between 2012 and 2020, about as fast as the average growth for\nall occupations.\n\nWhat are the long term career prospects for tax preparers?\n\nTax preparers who start out as unenrolled preparers can pursue additional\ntraining and become enrolled agents, which allows them to provide services to\na wider range of clients and possibly charge more for their services. Some tax\npreparers go to work for themselves, and if they are successful, their\nbusinesses may expand.\n\nHow can I find a job as a tax preparer?\n\nIf you are qualified by your state’s standards to work as an independent tax\npreparer, you can get started by advertising your services in your community.\nAs you build a client base, you should start receiving more referrals for your\nbusiness.\n\nIf you cannot yet work independently or want to work for an established\nbusiness, you can apply for positions with accounting or law firms that offer\ntax services. There are several large corporations that provide tax\npreparation services, and you can look for work with these companies as well.\n\nHow can I learn more about becoming a tax preparer?\n\nThe IRS devotes a section of its website to information for tax professionals,\nand this can be a good resource for you to learn about providing tax\npreparation services. You can also search your state tax board or department’s\nweb site for information about the registration or licensure requirements for\ntax preparers in your state.\n\nProfessional associations like the National Association of Tax Professionals\nand the National Association of Enrolled Agents can be helpful sources of\ninformation as well.\n\n## Resources & Partners\n\n * Home\n * Career List\n * Expert Advice\n * Privacy\n * Contact Us\n * Do not sell my info\n\n * Follow us\n\nCopyright © 2020 Optimal. All Rights Reserved.\n\nOur tuition numbers reflect data collected from the National Center for\nEducation Statistics.\n\n * $ = Under $10,000 per year\n * $$ = Under $20,000 per year\n * $$$ = Under $30,000 per year\n * $$$$ = Under $40,000 per year\n * $$$$$ = Over $40,000 per year\n\nRecommendation rate refers to the percent of students who said they would\nrecommend this school based on reviews submitted to our partner site,\nGradReports.com.\n\nThis indicates that a school has an annual tuition of $15,000 or less as\nreported to the National Center for Education Statistics or based on the\nschool's website.\n\nThis indicates that a school has a recommend rate of 60% or more and at least\n6 reviews (based on data from our partner site GradReports.com).\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200831031941/https://www.bls.gov/oes/current/oes132082.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tax Preparers",
"passages": [
"The .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or .mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal government site.",
"The site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the official website and that any information you provide is encrypted and transmitted securely.",
"| Employment (1)| Employment RSE (3)| Mean hourly wage| Mean annual wage (2)| Wage RSE (3) ---|---|---|---|--- 66,670| 2.8 %| $23.82| $49,550| 1.4 %",
"Percentile| 10%| 25%| 50% (Median)| 75%| 90% ---|---|---|---|---|--- Hourly Wage| $10.46| $13.68| $20.71| $30.32| $41.86 Annual Wage (2)| $21,750| $28,450| $43,080| $63,070| $87,060",
"Industries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.",
"Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59| $23.67| $49,230 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Employment Services| 160| 0.00| $26.37| $54,850",
"Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Accounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59| $23.67| $49,230 Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Office Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550",
"Industry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|--- Securities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related Activities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 Management of Companies and Enterprises| 120| 0.01| $29.82| $62,030 Legal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 Management, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40| $56,990 Office Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550",
"States and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients, and wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with employment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.",
"State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- California| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 Texas| 5,060| 0.41| 0.90| $25.71| $53,470 Florida| 4,910| 0.56| 1.23| $21.18| $44,050 New York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 Illinois| 2,600| 0.43| 0.95| $19.22| $39,980",
"State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- South Dakota| 370| 0.88| 1.94| $20.01| $41,630 Idaho| 610| 0.83| 1.83| $18.35| $38,170 Nebraska| 710| 0.72| 1.58| $20.79| $43,250 Montana| 330| 0.71| 1.56| $18.88| $39,260 Alaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890",
"State| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- New York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 Colorado| 1,080| 0.40| 0.89| $28.82| $59,940 Massachusetts| 1,540| 0.43| 0.94| $28.67| $59,630 Alaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 California| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700",
"Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 Los Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA| 3,570| 0.57| 1.26| $28.02| $58,280 Chicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI| 2,050| 0.44| 0.97| $19.40| $40,350 Miami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL| 1,700| 0.65| 1.42| $21.87| $45,490 Washington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV| 1,670| 0.53| 1.16| $25.02| $52,050 Dallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX| 1,520| 0.42| 0.92| $27.23| $56,640 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 Boston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH| 1,370| 0.49| 1.08| $30.02| $62,440 Atlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA| 1,200| 0.44| 0.97| $24.80| $51,590 Houston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX| 1,060| 0.35| 0.76| $27.56| $57,330",
"Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Grants Pass, OR| 40| 1.59| 3.49| $14.90| $30,990 Rapid City, SD| 90| 1.41| 3.12| $23.42| $48,710 San Angelo, TX| 60| 1.29| 2.85| $21.41| $44,540 Reno, NV| 310| 1.28| 2.83| $22.62| $47,050 Pensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL| 220| 1.27| 2.79| (8)| (8) Fresno, CA| 430| 1.10| 2.43| $25.94| $53,960 Boise City, ID| 360| 1.09| 2.39| $16.97| $35,300 Billings, MT| 90| 1.05| 2.31| $22.25| $46,270 Omaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA| 500| 1.02| 2.24| $21.78| $45,310 Elizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY| 50| 0.99| 2.18| $16.51| $34,340",
"Metropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- San Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA| 730| 0.64| 1.42| $37.80| $78,620 Abilene, TX| 60| 0.91| 1.99| $35.79| $74,440 San Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 Danbury, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $34.20| $71,140 Burlington-South Burlington, VT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $32.95| $68,540 Stockton-Lodi, CA| 60| 0.25| 0.56| $32.39| $67,370 New York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 Albany-Schenectady-Troy, NY| (8)| (8)| (8)| $31.15| $64,790 Boulder, CO| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.95| $64,390 New Haven, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.83| $64,130",
"Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Southeast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 Central Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 190| 1.04| 2.29| $11.22| $23,350 East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 Northeast Mississippi nonmetropolitan area| 150| 0.62| 1.38| $17.53| $36,460 Kansas nonmetropolitan area| 140| 0.36| 0.79| $15.88| $33,030",
"Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- Eastern Utah nonmetropolitan area| 110| 1.38| 3.04| $16.25| $33,790 Border Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area| 70| 1.24| 2.72| $19.53| $40,630 Southeast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 East South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 East Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 120| 1.19| 2.61| $9.55| $19,860",
"Nonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) ---|---|---|---|---|--- West North Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 80| 0.62| 1.37| $30.46| $63,350 West Central-Southwest New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.63| 1.39| $29.33| $61,010 South Central Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.27| 0.59| $26.83| $55,810 Northwest Iowa nonmetropolitan area| 40| 0.32| 0.70| $25.08| $52,160 Southwest Minnesota nonmetropolitan area| (8)| (8)| (8)| $24.73| $51,440",
"These estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all industry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states and the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided above. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.",
"The percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain percent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate --50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers earn more than the median. More about percentile wages.",
"(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the totals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include self-employed workers.",
"(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a \"year-round, full-time\" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations where there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly calculated from the reported survey data.",
"(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a survey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise the estimate.",
"(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of occupational employment to the national average concentration. A location quotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of employment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the occupation is less prevalent in the area than average."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tax Preparers\n\nSkip to Content\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nUnited States Department of Labor\n\nThe .gov means it's official. Federal government websites often end in .gov or\n.mil. Before sharing sensitive information, make sure you're on a federal\ngovernment site.\n\nThe site is secure. The https:// ensures that you are connecting to the\nofficial website and that any information you provide is encrypted and\ntransmitted securely.\n\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics\n\nFollow Us | Release Calendar | Blog\n\nOccupational Employment Statistics\n\nSHARE ON:\n\nPRINT:\n\nOES\n\nOccupational Employment Statistics\n\n * OES Homepage\n * OES Overview\n * OES FAQs\n * Contact OES\n\n * BROWSE OES\n * OES HOME\n * OES OVERVIEW\n\n * DATA AVAILABLE\n * SURVEY COVERAGE AND SCOPE\n * ESTIMATES AVAILABLE\n * USES OF THE DATA\n * OES NEWS RELEASES\n * OES DATA\n\n * OCCUPATION PROFILES\n * NATIONAL\n * STATE\n * METROPOLITAN AND NONMETROPOLITAN AREA\n * NATIONAL INDUSTRY-SPECIFIC AND BY OWNERSHIP\n * ALL OES DATA\n * OES CHARTS\n * OES Videos\n * OES MAPS\n * OES PUBLICATIONS\n\n * BY TYPE\n * BY TOPIC\n * OES DATABASES\n * OES FAQs\n * CONTACT OES\n\n * OES TOPICS\n * RESPONDENTS\n * DOCUMENTATION\n * SPECIAL NOTICES\n * RELATED LINKS\n\nSubscribe to the OES Update\n\n|\n\n# Occupational Employment and Wages, May 2019\n\n## 13-2082 Tax Preparers\n\nPrepare tax returns for individuals or small businesses. Excludes “Accountants\nand Auditors” (13-2011).\n\nNational estimates for this occupation Industry profile for this occupation\nGeographic profile for this occupation\n\n#### National estimates for this occupation: Top\n\nEmployment estimate and mean wage estimates for this occupation:\n\n| Employment (1)| Employment RSE (3)| Mean hourly wage| Mean annual wage (2)|\nWage RSE (3) \n---|---|---|---|--- \n66,670| 2.8 %| $23.82| $49,550| 1.4 % \n \nPercentile wage estimates for this occupation:\n\nPercentile| 10%| 25%| 50% (Median)| 75%| 90% \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nHourly Wage| $10.46| $13.68| $20.71| $30.32| $41.86 \nAnnual Wage (2)| $21,750| $28,450| $43,080| $63,070| $87,060 \n \n#### Industry profile for this occupation: Top\n\nIndustries with the highest published employment and wages for this occupation\nare provided. For a list of all industries with employment in this occupation,\nsee the Create Customized Tables function.\n\nIndustries with the highest levels of employment in this occupation:\n\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\nAnnual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|--- \nAccounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59|\n$23.67| $49,230 \nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\n$56,990 \nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \nEmployment Services| 160| 0.00| $26.37| $54,850 \n \nIndustries with the highest concentration of employment in this occupation:\n\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\nAnnual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|--- \nAccounting, Tax Preparation, Bookkeeping, and Payroll Services| 64,420| 6.59|\n$23.67| $49,230 \nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\n$56,990 \nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \nOffice Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550 \n \nTop paying industries for this occupation:\n\nIndustry| Employment (1)| Percent of industry employment| Hourly mean wage|\nAnnual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|--- \nSecurities, Commodity Contracts, and Other Financial Investments and Related\nActivities| 500| 0.05| $36.02| $74,920 \nManagement of Companies and Enterprises| 120| 0.01| $29.82| $62,030 \nLegal Services| 170| 0.02| $28.49| $59,260 \nManagement, Scientific, and Technical Consulting Services| 560| 0.04| $27.40|\n$56,990 \nOffice Administrative Services| 60| 0.01| $26.71| $55,550 \n \n#### Geographic profile for this occupation: Top\n\nStates and areas with the highest published employment, location quotients,\nand wages for this occupation are provided. For a list of all areas with\nemployment in this occupation, see the Create Customized Tables function.\n\nStates with the highest employment level in this occupation:\n\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nCalifornia| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 \nTexas| 5,060| 0.41| 0.90| $25.71| $53,470 \nFlorida| 4,910| 0.56| 1.23| $21.18| $44,050 \nNew York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 \nIllinois| 2,600| 0.43| 0.95| $19.22| $39,980 \n \nStates with the highest concentration of jobs and location quotients in this\noccupation:\n\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nSouth Dakota| 370| 0.88| 1.94| $20.01| $41,630 \nIdaho| 610| 0.83| 1.83| $18.35| $38,170 \nNebraska| 710| 0.72| 1.58| $20.79| $43,250 \nMontana| 330| 0.71| 1.56| $18.88| $39,260 \nAlaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 \n \nTop paying States for this occupation:\n\nState| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location quotient (9)|\nHourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nNew York| 4,200| 0.44| 0.97| $31.53| $65,580 \nColorado| 1,080| 0.40| 0.89| $28.82| $59,940 \nMassachusetts| 1,540| 0.43| 0.94| $28.67| $59,630 \nAlaska| 210| 0.67| 1.47| $28.31| $58,890 \nCalifornia| 8,910| 0.51| 1.13| $28.22| $58,700 \n \nMetropolitan areas with the highest employment level in this occupation:\n\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 \nLos Angeles-Long Beach-Anaheim, CA| 3,570| 0.57| 1.26| $28.02| $58,280 \nChicago-Naperville-Elgin, IL-IN-WI| 2,050| 0.44| 0.97| $19.40| $40,350 \nMiami-Fort Lauderdale-West Palm Beach, FL| 1,700| 0.65| 1.42| $21.87| $45,490 \nWashington-Arlington-Alexandria, DC-VA-MD-WV| 1,670| 0.53| 1.16| $25.02|\n$52,050 \nDallas-Fort Worth-Arlington, TX| 1,520| 0.42| 0.92| $27.23| $56,640 \nSan Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 \nBoston-Cambridge-Nashua, MA-NH| 1,370| 0.49| 1.08| $30.02| $62,440 \nAtlanta-Sandy Springs-Roswell, GA| 1,200| 0.44| 0.97| $24.80| $51,590 \nHouston-The Woodlands-Sugar Land, TX| 1,060| 0.35| 0.76| $27.56| $57,330 \n \nMetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location\nquotients in this occupation:\n\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nGrants Pass, OR| 40| 1.59| 3.49| $14.90| $30,990 \nRapid City, SD| 90| 1.41| 3.12| $23.42| $48,710 \nSan Angelo, TX| 60| 1.29| 2.85| $21.41| $44,540 \nReno, NV| 310| 1.28| 2.83| $22.62| $47,050 \nPensacola-Ferry Pass-Brent, FL| 220| 1.27| 2.79| (8)| (8) \nFresno, CA| 430| 1.10| 2.43| $25.94| $53,960 \nBoise City, ID| 360| 1.09| 2.39| $16.97| $35,300 \nBillings, MT| 90| 1.05| 2.31| $22.25| $46,270 \nOmaha-Council Bluffs, NE-IA| 500| 1.02| 2.24| $21.78| $45,310 \nElizabethtown-Fort Knox, KY| 50| 0.99| 2.18| $16.51| $34,340 \n \nTop paying metropolitan areas for this occupation:\n\nMetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nSan Jose-Sunnyvale-Santa Clara, CA| 730| 0.64| 1.42| $37.80| $78,620 \nAbilene, TX| 60| 0.91| 1.99| $35.79| $74,440 \nSan Francisco-Oakland-Hayward, CA| 1,430| 0.58| 1.27| $34.75| $72,280 \nDanbury, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $34.20| $71,140 \nBurlington-South Burlington, VT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $32.95| $68,540 \nStockton-Lodi, CA| 60| 0.25| 0.56| $32.39| $67,370 \nNew York-Newark-Jersey City, NY-NJ-PA| 4,660| 0.48| 1.06| $31.49| $65,500 \nAlbany-Schenectady-Troy, NY| (8)| (8)| (8)| $31.15| $64,790 \nBoulder, CO| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.95| $64,390 \nNew Haven, CT| (8)| (8)| (8)| $30.83| $64,130 \n \nNonmetropolitan areas with the highest employment in this occupation:\n\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nSoutheast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 \nCentral Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 190| 1.04| 2.29| $11.22| $23,350 \nEast South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 \nNortheast Mississippi nonmetropolitan area| 150| 0.62| 1.38| $17.53| $36,460 \nKansas nonmetropolitan area| 140| 0.36| 0.79| $15.88| $33,030 \n \nNonmetropolitan areas with the highest concentration of jobs and location\nquotients in this occupation:\n\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nEastern Utah nonmetropolitan area| 110| 1.38| 3.04| $16.25| $33,790 \nBorder Region of Texas nonmetropolitan area| 70| 1.24| 2.72| $19.53| $40,630 \nSoutheast Oklahoma nonmetropolitan area| 210| 1.23| 2.72| $14.66| $30,490 \nEast South Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 160| 1.20| 2.65| $19.90| $41,380 \nEast Kentucky nonmetropolitan area| 120| 1.19| 2.61| $9.55| $19,860 \n \nTop paying nonmetropolitan areas for this occupation:\n\nNonmetropolitan area| Employment (1)| Employment per thousand jobs| Location\nquotient (9)| Hourly mean wage| Annual mean wage (2) \n---|---|---|---|---|--- \nWest North Dakota nonmetropolitan area| 80| 0.62| 1.37| $30.46| $63,350 \nWest Central-Southwest New Hampshire nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.63| 1.39|\n$29.33| $61,010 \nSouth Central Wisconsin nonmetropolitan area| 60| 0.27| 0.59| $26.83| $55,810 \nNorthwest Iowa nonmetropolitan area| 40| 0.32| 0.70| $25.08| $52,160 \nSouthwest Minnesota nonmetropolitan area| (8)| (8)| (8)| $24.73| $51,440 \n \nAbout May 2019 National, State, Metropolitan, and Nonmetropolitan Area\nOccupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nThese estimates are calculated with data collected from employers in all\nindustry sectors, all metropolitan and nonmetropolitan areas, and all states\nand the District of Columbia. The top employment and wage figures are provided\nabove. The complete list is available in the downloadable XLS files.\n\nThe percentile wage estimate is the value of a wage below which a certain\npercent of workers fall. The median wage is the 50th percentile wage estimate\n--50 percent of workers earn less than the median and 50 percent of workers\nearn more than the median. More about percentile wages.\n\n(1) Estimates for detailed occupations do not sum to the totals because the\ntotals include occupations not shown separately. Estimates do not include\nself-employed workers.\n\n(2) Annual wages have been calculated by multiplying the hourly mean wage by a\n\"year-round, full-time\" hours figure of 2,080 hours; for those occupations\nwhere there is not an hourly wage published, the annual wage has been directly\ncalculated from the reported survey data.\n\n(3) The relative standard error (RSE) is a measure of the reliability of a\nsurvey statistic. The smaller the relative standard error, the more precise\nthe estimate.\n\n(8) Estimate not released.\n\n(9) The location quotient is the ratio of the area concentration of\noccupational employment to the national average concentration. A location\nquotient greater than one indicates the occupation has a higher share of\nemployment than average, and a location quotient less than one indicates the\noccupation is less prevalent in the area than average.\n\nOther OES estimates and related information:\n\nMay 2019 National Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 State Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 Metropolitan and Nonmetropolitan Area Occupational Employment and\nWage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 National Industry-Specific Occupational Employment and Wage Estimates\n\nMay 2019 Occupation Profiles\n\nTechnical Notes\n\nLast Modified Date: July 6, 2020\n\nRecommend this page using:\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nLinkedIn \n \n * Home\n * Subjects\n * Data Tools\n * Publications\n * Economic Releases\n * Students\n * Beta\n\nU.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics Division of Occupational Employment Statistics\nPSB Suite 2135 2 Massachusetts Avenue NE Washington, DC 20212-0001 Telephone:\n1-202-691-6569 www.bls.gov/OES Contact OES\n\ninfo\n\n * What's New\n * FAQs\n * A-Z\n * Glossary\n * About BLS\n * Careers @ BLS\n * Find It! 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"original_url": "http://learn.org:80/articles/Tax_Preparer_5_Steps_to_Becoming_a_Tax_Preparer.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171015172608/http://learn.org:80/articles/Tax_Preparer_5_Steps_to_Becoming_a_Tax_Preparer.html",
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"In order to continue enjoying our site, we ask that you confirm your identity as a human. Thank you very much for your cooperation."
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"parsed_md": "## The site is experiencing issues and is unable to fulfill your request at\nthis time. If this problem persists please contact customer support.\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.irs.gov/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200909010747/https://www.irs.gov/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "An official website of the United States government",
"passages": [
"Help us spread the word: Americans who don’t earn enough to have a tax filing requirement should sign up online with #IRS for an Economic Impact Payment by Oct 15. https://t.co/FjXU7pGWeq #COVIDreliefIRS pic.twitter.com/uduV4AHYAI"
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"parsed_md": "Internal Revenue Service | An official website of the United States government\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# Home Page\n\nAn official website of the United States Government\n\n * Español\n * 中文 (简体)\n * 中文 (繁體)\n * 한국어\n * Русский\n * Tiếng Việt\n * Kreyòl ayisyen\n\n * Search Toggle search\n\n * Menu Toggle menu\n\n## File\n\n * Overview\n * INFORMATION FOR...\n * Individuals\n * International Taxpayers\n * Business & Self Employed\n * Government Entities\n * FILING FOR INDIVIDUALS\n * How to File\n * When to File\n * Where to File\n * Update My Information\n * POPULAR\n * Economic Impact Payments\n * Coronavirus Tax Relief\n * Free File\n * Get Your Tax Record\n * Get an Identity Protection PIN (IP PIN)\n\n## Pay\n\n * Overview\n * PAY BY\n * Bank Account (Direct Pay)\n * Debit or Credit Card\n * Payment Plan (Installment Agreement)\n * Electronic Federal Tax Payment System (EFTPS)\n * POPULAR\n * View Your Account\n * Tax Withholding Estimator\n * Estimated Taxes\n * Penalties\n\n## Refunds\n\n * Overview\n * Where's My Refund\n * What to Expect\n * Direct Deposit\n * Reduced Refunds\n * Fix/Correct a Return\n\n## Credits & Deductions\n\n * Overview\n * INFORMATION FOR...\n * Individuals\n * Businesses & Self-Employed\n * POPULAR\n * Earned Income Credit (EITC)\n * Child Tax Credit\n * Standard Deduction\n * Health Coverage\n * Retirement Savings\n\n## Forms & Instructions\n\n * Overview\n * FORMS & INSTRUCTIONS\n * Form 1040\n * Form 1040 Instructions\n * Form W-9\n * Form 4506-T\n * Form W-4\n * Form 941\n * Form W-2\n * Form 9465\n * POPULAR FOR TAX PROS\n * Form 1040-X\n * Form 2848\n * Form W-7\n * Circular 230\n\nGet My Economic Impact Payment\n\nNon-Filers: Enter Payment Info Here\n\nGet Coronavirus Tax Relief\n\nGet Your Refund Status\n\nDo Your Taxes for Free\n\nGet Your Tax Record\n\nView Your Account\n\nMake a Payment\n\n## Forms and Instructions\n\n1040 and Schedules 1-3 Individual Tax Return\n\nOther 1040 Schedules Information About the Other Schedules Filed With Form\n1040\n\nForm 2290 Heavy Highway Vehicle Use Tax Return\n\nSearch Forms & Instructions\n\n## Economic Impact Payments\n\nCheck on your payment status\n\n## Coronavirus Tax Relief\n\nIRS taking steps to help taxpayers\n\n## Where’s My Refund?\n\nUse the “Where’s My Refund?” tool to check your refund status\n\n## IRS Free File Open Now\n\nFree File will help you do your taxes online for free\n\n## We speak your language\n\nGet the tax information you need in 21 languages\n\n## Get Answers to Your Tax Questions\n\nUse our Interactive Tax Assistant\n\nIRS2Go Mobile App\n\nThe official mobile app of the IRS\n\nLearn more\n\n> Help us spread the word: Americans who don’t earn enough to have a tax\n> filing requirement should sign up online with #IRS for an Economic Impact\n> Payment by Oct 15. https://t.co/FjXU7pGWeq #COVIDreliefIRS\n> pic.twitter.com/uduV4AHYAI\n>\n> — IRS #COVIDreliefIRS (@IRSnews) September 8, 2020\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210123202315/https://www.accountingweb.com/tax/irs/tax-season-may-be-opportune-time-to-market-tax-preparation-services",
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"title": "Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services",
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"With less than a month left to go until the April 15 tax deadline, most tax return preparers are up to their elbows in work. Nevertheless, it might be an opportune time to land some new clients, since people are thinking about their taxes and wondering if they might pay less next year if they find a qualified tax preparer now.",
"Adding fuel to the fire is the fiasco at the nation's largest tax return preparer, H&R Block, where a mistake caused the delay in processing some 600,000 customers' returns. The blunder likely will have many taxpayers wondering if it's time to shop around.",
"But it remains clear that tax preparers in general have a captive audience. A February survey of just over 1,000 wage earners by the finance and accounting staffing firm Accounting Principals found that about half of middle-income wage earners pay to have their returns prepared by someone else because they to get want the biggest refund possible.",
"About 44 percent of working Americans will go to an accountant to prepare their taxes this year, including 49 percent who make between $30,000 and $50,000 annually.",
"The tax preparation industry is in transition, and it's an especially challenging time for those firms that work for lower-income clients with simpler returns, according to Tax Preparation Services in the US, a study published in August 2012 by the research firm IBISWorld.",
"Doug Kelly, theIBISWorld analyst who prepared the report, told AccountingWEB there are more small-time preparers in the market because of the relative ease of use of such software programs as Intuit's TurboTax. And then the free IRS e-file service is taking away an increasing number of lower-income taxpayers with basic returns.",
"\"In response, many tax preparation firms now provide basic services for free. In doing so, they attract customers who subsequently sign up for fee-based services, such as state income tax preparation filing\", he said in his report.",
"If tax preparers market themselves properly, there's plenty of opportunity for those who target middle-income and high-income tax clients, industry experts say.",
"Nate Hagerty, founder and CEOof TaxProMarketer, a tax industry marketing and consulting firm, told AccountingWEB that asking existing clients for referrals and contacting lost clients from prior years are the quickest ways to drum up business, even this season. \"A lot of times, they just need to be asked.\"",
"The negative publicity surrounding H&R Block's troubles presents \"another good reason to remind people of the value you provide\", Hagerty said. \"But it's a delicate situation. You don't want to bad-mouth the competition.\"",
"Hagerty said that communicating with potential new or former clients before tax season, without necessarily making a sale pitch, can also be worthwhile, especially if it's done in a personal way. Just e-mailing tax tips or reminders about deadlines isn't enough to get their attention given the blizzard of e-mails most people receive, he said.",
"Dominique Molina, CPA and president of American Institute of Certified Tax Coaches, a national network of tax planning specialists, says that CPAs and tax professionals need to do more to differentiate themselves from tax preparers who are merely performing data entry.",
"Molina said\",Most consumers don't understand the differences between H&R Block and someone who is a CPA, an EA, or a tax attorney. They're all viewed the same way by some people – as someone paid to prepare forms.\" Find ways to educate potential clients about your education and your abilities to reduce their taxes, she says.",
"It’s true; tax season is the Great chance for the tax preparation services providers to earn maximum benefits. Because this is the peak Season when the most of the individuals and business organizations search for expertise solution to handle their unorganized books, accounts and tax returns with minimized errors to achieved maximum return on investment. Thus, it’s a big opportunity for tax preparation companies to serve the people successfully in tax season."
]
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"parsed_md": "Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services |\nAccountingWEB\n\nLoginSign up\n\nSubscribe to Newsletter\n\nMenu\n\nTax\n\nIRS\n\nShare this content\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Free eBook: Mastering Online Presence in the Firm\n\nGuide\n\nNew\n\nTags:\n\n * Marketing\n\n# Tax Season May Be Opportune Time to Market Tax Preparation Services\n\nMar 18th 2013\n\n1 comment\n\nShare this content\n\nBy Frank Byrt\n\nWith less than a month left to go until the April 15 tax deadline, most tax\nreturn preparers are up to their elbows in work. Nevertheless, it might be an\nopportune time to land some new clients, since people are thinking about their\ntaxes and wondering if they might pay less next year if they find a qualified\ntax preparer now.\n\nAdding fuel to the fire is the fiasco at the nation's largest tax return\npreparer, H&R Block, where a mistake caused the delay in processing some\n600,000 customers' returns. The blunder likely will have many taxpayers\nwondering if it's time to shop around.\n\nBut it remains clear that tax preparers in general have a captive audience. A\nFebruary survey of just over 1,000 wage earners by the finance and accounting\nstaffing firm Accounting Principals found that about half of middle-income\nwage earners pay to have their returns prepared by someone else because they\nto get want the biggest refund possible.\n\nThe survey found that:\n\n * About 44 percent of working Americans will go to an accountant to prepare their taxes this year, including 49 percent who make between $30,000 and $50,000 annually.\n * Among those who make $100,000 or more, 66 percent say they will get their return professionally prepared.\n\nThe tax preparation industry is in transition, and it's an especially\nchallenging time for those firms that work for lower-income clients with\nsimpler returns, according to Tax Preparation Services in the US, a study\npublished in August 2012 by the research firm IBISWorld.\n\nDoug Kelly, theIBISWorld analyst who prepared the report, told AccountingWEB\nthere are more small-time preparers in the market because of the relative ease\nof use of such software programs as Intuit's TurboTax. And then the free IRS\ne-file service is taking away an increasing number of lower-income taxpayers\nwith basic returns.\n\n\"In response, many tax preparation firms now provide basic services for free.\nIn doing so, they attract customers who subsequently sign up for fee-based\nservices, such as state income tax preparation filing\", he said in his report.\n\nIf tax preparers market themselves properly, there's plenty of opportunity for\nthose who target middle-income and high-income tax clients, industry experts\nsay.\n\nNate Hagerty, founder and CEOof TaxProMarketer, a tax industry marketing and\nconsulting firm, told AccountingWEB that asking existing clients for referrals\nand contacting lost clients from prior years are the quickest ways to drum up\nbusiness, even this season. \"A lot of times, they just need to be asked.\"\n\nThe negative publicity surrounding H&R Block's troubles presents \"another good\nreason to remind people of the value you provide\", Hagerty said. \"But it's a\ndelicate situation. You don't want to bad-mouth the competition.\"\n\nHagerty said that communicating with potential new or former clients before\ntax season, without necessarily making a sale pitch, can also be worthwhile,\nespecially if it's done in a personal way. Just e-mailing tax tips or\nreminders about deadlines isn't enough to get their attention given the\nblizzard of e-mails most people receive, he said.\n\nDominique Molina, CPA and president of American Institute of Certified Tax\nCoaches, a national network of tax planning specialists, says that CPAs and\ntax professionals need to do more to differentiate themselves from tax\npreparers who are merely performing data entry.\n\nMolina said\",Most consumers don't understand the differences between H&R Block\nand someone who is a CPA, an EA, or a tax attorney. They're all viewed the\nsame way by some people – as someone paid to prepare forms.\" Find ways to\neducate potential clients about your education and your abilities to reduce\ntheir taxes, she says.\n\nRelated articles:\n\n * Thinking of Using TurboTax, ProSeries, Lacerte, Intuit Online, as Your Tax Software? Think Again!\n * H&R Block Gaffe Gums Up the Works\n * E-Filing Continues to Grow, Exceeds 80 Percent Goal\n\nTags:\n\n * Marketing\n\nShare this content\n\nLeave a comment\n\n### Related content\n\n### 5 Ways Your Marketing Can Thrive in the New Year\n\nGrowth\n\nJan 14th 2021\n\n### How One Accounting Firm Successfully Went Remote\n\nGrowth\n\nJan 6th 2021\n\n### Free eBook: Mastering Online Presence in the Firm\n\nGuide\n\nNew\n\nRead more from\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Replies (1)\n\n### Please login or register to join the discussion.\n\nBy jennigreen\n\nDec 20th 2016 07:18\n\nIt’s true; tax season is the Great chance for the tax preparation services\nproviders to earn maximum benefits. Because this is the peak Season when the\nmost of the individuals and business organizations search for expertise\nsolution to handle their unorganized books, accounts and tax returns with\nminimized errors to achieved maximum return on investment. Thus, it’s a big\nopportunity for tax preparation companies to serve the people successfully in\ntax season.\n\nThanks (0)\n\n## Most read this week\n\n### Tax Court Rules on Home Computer Deductions\n\nIndividuals\n\nJan 21st 2021\n\n## Trending\n\n### Tax Court Rules on Home Computer Deductions\n\nIndividuals\n\nJan 21st 2021\n\n### Employee Retention Credit Under COVID-19 Relief\n\nBusiness Tax\n\nJan 20th 2021\n\n### COVID & Stress: Addressing Mental Health at Work\n\nPractice Excellence\n\nJan 22nd 2021\n\n## Upcoming Events\n\n2021 Event Information Coming Soon\n\nCopyright 2021 Sift\n\n"
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] |
994,571 | How To Organize a Small Bedroom | To organize a small bedroom, place your bed in a corner if it's a twin or in the center of your room's most visible wall if it's a double, which will give you the most floor space. Then, store things in bins under your bed to save room. If your bed is too short, put it on risers so you can fit things under it. You can also hang up wall-mounted shelves to store things, and you can get a large storage bin and put pillows on top so it doubles as seating. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180320105616/http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160618095648/http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211012094729/https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161015225714/http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418154857/https://homeguides.sfgate.com/arrange-room-bedroom-set-small-space-32166.html"
] | train | 2,294 | [
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"original_url": "http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180320105616/http://www.sophisticatededge.com/how-to-organize-a-small-bedroom.html",
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"title": "How to Organize a Small Bedroom",
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"Learning how to organize a small bedroom is an important step in ensuring the functionality of the room. Not only is organization important in terms of being able to find everything that is stored in the bedroom, it can also help one relax and get a good night’s sleep. Though it may seem like a difficult task, organizing a small bedroom can actually be a rather simple process.",
"One of the biggest challenges that many people face when trying to organize a small bedroom is that they simply have too much stuff. Throw away or donate anything you do not need, and be selective regarding what items need to stay in the bedroom and what can be moved to another room. To ensure a good night’s sleep, experts recommend that the bedroom only be used for sleep and sexual activity. Keep this in mind when deciding what items must be stored in the bedroom.",
"Bedrooms tend to have a lot of wasted space, such as the area under the bed. Rather than leaving this precious space empty, consider adding to it by putting the bed on risers. Doing so will elevate the bed to a level that makes under bed storage a practical solution. Be sure to make use of vertical space as well. Adding a shelving system along a bedroom wall can greatly increase the amount of available storage space. To keep the shelves organized, put items in clearly labeled bins or baskets.",
"Too much furniture or pieces that are too large can easily make a small bedroom feel cramped and cluttered. Bring in only the furniture that is absolutely necessary, and, if possible, try to buy pieces that are proportionately the right size for the space. Choosing dressers that are tall instead of wide is a good way to increase storage space without taking up additional floor space. Replacing a large bed with a smaller one can also make organization easier as it allows more room for storage.",
"No matter how small a closet is, it can help to organize a bedroom. Make sure the closet is kept neat and clutter free. Install shelves along the walls for items that cannot be hung up, and if there is room to do so, consider adding additional storage units."
]
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"parsed_md": "How to Organize a Small Bedroom\n\nIt appears that your browser does not support JavaScript\n\n# How to Organize a Small Bedroom\n\nPosted by Staff Writer in Organizing\n\nLearning how to organize a small bedroom is an important step in ensuring the\nfunctionality of the room. Not only is organization important in terms of\nbeing able to find everything that is stored in the bedroom, it can also help\none relax and get a good night’s sleep. Though it may seem like a difficult\ntask, organizing a small bedroom can actually be a rather simple process.\n\n# Get Rid of the Clutter\n\nOne of the biggest challenges that many people face when trying to organize a\nsmall bedroom is that they simply have too much stuff. Throw away or donate\nanything you do not need, and be selective regarding what items need to stay\nin the bedroom and what can be moved to another room. To ensure a good night’s\nsleep, experts recommend that the bedroom only be used for sleep and sexual\nactivity. Keep this in mind when deciding what items must be stored in the\nbedroom.\n\n# Make Use of All Available Space\n\nBedrooms tend to have a lot of wasted space, such as the area under the bed.\nRather than leaving this precious space empty, consider adding to it by\nputting the bed on risers. Doing so will elevate the bed to a level that makes\nunder bed storage a practical solution. Be sure to make use of vertical space\nas well. Adding a shelving system along a bedroom wall can greatly increase\nthe amount of available storage space. To keep the shelves organized, put\nitems in clearly labeled bins or baskets.\n\n# Limit the Amount of Furniture\n\nToo much furniture or pieces that are too large can easily make a small\nbedroom feel cramped and cluttered. Bring in only the furniture that is\nabsolutely necessary, and, if possible, try to buy pieces that are\nproportionately the right size for the space. Choosing dressers that are tall\ninstead of wide is a good way to increase storage space without taking up\nadditional floor space. Replacing a large bed with a smaller one can also make\norganization easier as it allows more room for storage.\n\n# Make Use of the Closet\n\nNo matter how small a closet is, it can help to organize a bedroom. Make sure\nthe closet is kept neat and clutter free. Install shelves along the walls for\nitems that cannot be hung up, and if there is room to do so, consider adding\nadditional storage units.\n\nResources\n\nSunset bedrooms & bath storage . 2nd ed. Menlo Park CA: Lane, 1988. Print.\n\nClutter control: tips and crafts to organize your bedroom, backpack, locker,\nlife.. Middleton, WI: American Girl Publishing, 2008. Print.\n\n * How to Organize\n * Organizing\n\nCopyright 2009-2018\n\nSophisticated Media LLC\n\nTerms of Service l Privacy Policy\n\nContact Us\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160618095648/http://www.the-sleep-guide.com/space-saving-beds.html",
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"title": "Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds",
"passages": [
"In our technological advanced world of today, the bedroom has become more than just a place to sleep. Since floor space is at a premium in the modern home, loft, Murphy and bunk beds offer a viable alternative location for your mattress without sacrificing additional areas of living space.",
"Loft beds have become a popular choice for a child's bedroom as well as dorm rooms. With a loft bed, the mattress is placed on a platform that is several feet off the ground. The area underneath, where there once would have been only a bed, can then be used as work space, seating space, or just for storage.",
"There are a number of options available for loft beds that can make them a viable choice for any bedroom where lack of floor space is a problem. For instance, there are loft beds available that have a built in futon as the bottom layer. The futon can then be used when additional seating is required during the day, and then convert it's mattress into extra sleeping space at night if required.",
"Another great option offered on some loft bed models is a built in desk or computer station. For teens and college students, this extra study space is very valuable and their young legs do not mind climbing the ladder at night to sleep. In addition to building in desks, some manufacturers include a built in dresser beneath the bed. What a great way to gain storage in a tight space.",
"At the top of the range is the all in one loft bed which has it all. It has a twin or full size bed up top, while underneath there is a wardrobe for hanging clothes, drawers for storing folded clothes, a desk for workspace and even a slide out mattress, or trundle for extra sleeping space.",
"In today's market of homes with three bedrooms, if you have more that two children, some have to double up. While some bedrooms can accommodate multiple beds, bunk beds remain a necessary choice. With models that use two twin mattresses, a twin mattress over a full mattress or two full size mattresses available, it is possible to sleep an increasingly large number of people without building on to the house. Some companies even offer a triple bunk with three beds stacked on top of each other to really maximize space.",
"A less popular but still very practical option for small spaces is the Murphy bed. These beds allow a mattress to be folded inside a wall or cabinet. Murphy beds were popular in the seventies and became famous in the comedy movies that saw characters accidentally folded inside the wall with their mattress. This is highly unlikely since most models lock into place when opened and lock into place when closed. As they are available in wall models and cabinet models, you can find one to suit any space or decor needs.",
"If you live in a small space, you still have options. You can lift that mattress off the ground with a loft bed, or hide it with a Murphy bed. However, if you need to sleep many people in the smallest amount of space, bunks beds may your best choice."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds\n\n|\n\n# Space Saving Beds - Loft Bed - Murphy Bed - Bunk Beds\n\nIn our technological advanced world of today, the bedroom has become more than\njust a place to sleep. Since floor space is at a premium in the modern home,\nloft, Murphy and bunk beds offer a viable alternative location for your\nmattress without sacrificing additional areas of living space.\n\n## Space Saving Loft Beds\n\nLoft beds have become a popular choice for a child's bedroom as well as dorm\nrooms. With a loft bed, the mattress is placed on a platform that is several\nfeet off the ground. The area underneath, where there once would have been\nonly a bed, can then be used as work space, seating space, or just for\nstorage.\n\nThere are a number of options available for loft beds that can make them a\nviable choice for any bedroom where lack of floor space is a problem. For\ninstance, there are loft beds available that have a built in futon as the\nbottom layer. The futon can then be used when additional seating is required\nduring the day, and then convert it's mattress into extra sleeping space at\nnight if required.\n\nAnother great option offered on some loft bed models is a built in desk or\ncomputer station. For teens and college students, this extra study space is\nvery valuable and their young legs do not mind climbing the ladder at night to\nsleep. In addition to building in desks, some manufacturers include a built in\ndresser beneath the bed. What a great way to gain storage in a tight space.\n\nAt the top of the range is the all in one loft bed which has it all. It has a\ntwin or full size bed up top, while underneath there is a wardrobe for hanging\nclothes, drawers for storing folded clothes, a desk for workspace and even a\nslide out mattress, or trundle for extra sleeping space.\n\n### Space Saving Bunk Beds\n\nIn today's market of homes with three bedrooms, if you have more that two\nchildren, some have to double up. While some bedrooms can accommodate multiple\nbeds, bunk beds remain a necessary choice. With models that use two twin\nmattresses, a twin mattress over a full mattress or two full size mattresses\navailable, it is possible to sleep an increasingly large number of people\nwithout building on to the house. Some companies even offer a triple bunk with\nthree beds stacked on top of each other to really maximize space.\n\n### Space Saving Murphy Beds\n\nA less popular but still very practical option for small spaces is the Murphy\nbed. These beds allow a mattress to be folded inside a wall or cabinet. Murphy\nbeds were popular in the seventies and became famous in the comedy movies that\nsaw characters accidentally folded inside the wall with their mattress. This\nis highly unlikely since most models lock into place when opened and lock into\nplace when closed. As they are available in wall models and cabinet models,\nyou can find one to suit any space or decor needs.\n\nIf you live in a small space, you still have options. You can lift that\nmattress off the ground with a loft bed, or hide it with a Murphy bed.\nHowever, if you need to sleep many people in the smallest amount of space,\nbunks beds may your best choice. \n \n--- \n \nTweet\n\nPage Updated: 07 Nov 2015 \n \n| | Home \n--- \nTypes of Bed \nAdjustable Beds for Home Use \nTraditional Canopy Beds \nDaybeds with Trundle \nDaybeds for Children \nFuton Couch Beds \nJapanese Style Platform Beds \nLuxury King Size Beds \nSpace Saving Beds \nTop Quality Sofa Beds \n \nCopyright © The Sleep Guide\n\n| | Contact Us Site Map Privacy Policy \n---\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211012094729/https://www.apartmenttherapy.com/20-ways-to-organize-your-bedroom-closet-43236",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "20 Ideas for Organizing Your Bedroom Closet",
"passages": [
"Are you a little obsessed with organizing? We are too. With spring cleaning in full swing and the Great Clothing Transition of winter to summer apparel commencing, you’re probably thinking about how best to organize your closet (whatever that means for you). To get you inspired, we’ve rounded up this super helpful list of ways to organize your bedroom closet, courtesy of tips we’ve found on House Tours. Whether you have a walk-in closet or strategically-placed clothing rack, we have a little bit of something for everyone.",
"1. If you don’t have any real closets in your home, integrate storage into another room (as Darla did above). Wall racks and hangers are easy to install, and there are plenty of closet systems to choose from—including The Container Store’s Elfa System, seen above.",
"2. Declutter. Aside from Marie Kondo‘s strategies, check out Discardian’s Closet Trick to get rid of clothes you don’t wear. Here’s how it works: Turn around all the hangers in your closet so the hooks are pointing towards you, and when you wear something, put it back with the hook the normal way. In six months, donate any item still hanging on a hook facing the wrong way.",
"4. Combine storage units to fit your different needs: drawers for folded items, hangers for dresses and suits, and boxes for odds and ends. You can create your own drawers using a closet system, and hangers and storage boxes are easy to find. To get you started, Amazon sells a 50-pack of velvet hangers for $25.",
"5. Use coordinated hangers for a clean look that will care for your clothes and help you stay organized. Wooden hangers are a more sophisticated alternative to the flimsier plastic hangers—some of our favorites include this 30-pack from Amazon Basics for under $30 or this on-sale 6-pack from The Container Store.",
"6. Don’t forget to make use of floor space (if you’re lucky enough to have some). Get creative and use an umbrella stand or a large wicker basket to hold odd items like yoga mats—we love this geometric find on Wayfair.",
"7. Invest in a shoe organizer—and actually use it. Boxes, cubbies, tiered shelves, and hanging organizers are all good options, and to make things easier we have a guide to the best shoe storage solutions out there.",
"8. If you have shelves, keep them tidy with shelf dividers. Even if you’re an expert folder (as shown in the image above), keeping your piles of clothes or towels separated goes a long way in helping them remain folded. You can find super inexpensive shelf dividers in a couple places, like these acrylic dividers from Amazon or this under $15 pack from Target.",
"9. Use vertical space (both above and below the closet rod) to store more. If you don’t have built-in shelves, you can easily install them yourself (The Container Store and Home Depot have a ton of options). To make the most of your space, use boxes or containers to keep the clutter to a minimum.",
"10. Add lights in your closet so you can see (and use!) what’s in there. Have fun with chandeliers if you’ve got enough space (Wayfair has a ton that are small space-friendly), or go for some classic string lights (like this budget- friendly set from Amazon)—anything that’ll add brightness will do.",
"11. Replace traditional closet doors with curtains or hanging screens. Aside from adding some aesthetic appeal, it makes your closet more functional for a small space, since the doors won’t swing out. Or, if you have an open closet it’s a good way to hide the clutter",
"12. For optimal functionality, use stackable laundry baskets rather than a hamper. Not only will this make sorting easier, but it also means you can carry your dirty clothes to the laundry room without struggling with a bag or flimsy handles. Some good options include this $10 find from The Container Store and this 6-pack for laundry fiends from Target.",
"13. If you have empty wall space, hooks are a great way to create extra storage for coats, bags, or towels. Even if you don’t have room in your closet, you can always add hooks to your walls or on the back of your door. Command hooks are always a good idea, but don’t forget to check out Anthropologie and Schoolhouse Electric for more stylish but equally functional hooks.",
"14. Treat your closet like a small room, not a throwaway space. Pay attention to lighting, wall color, and floor coverings, and you’ll be more inclined to keep it looking tidy.",
"15. Make more room in your closet by storing out-of-season clothes in boxes up high or, even better, out of sight under the bed. Storage beds are small- space saviors, but you can make do with smart under bed storage, like this $10 storage bag from Amazon.",
"16. Color coding your wardrobe is a small habit that makes finding things easier. Another method is sorting your clothes by weight or sleeve length—for example, keep all the short-sleeved t-shirts and long-sleeved sweaters separated.",
"17. Invest in your closet by using good-looking storage solutions. They don’t have to be expensive, just uniform and fitting in with your personal style. It could be something as simple as sticking with one pattern (like these canvas quilted bins), or a more elaborate closet system.",
"18. For something totally different, a rolling cart can be pulled in or out of the closet and used for clothing or miscellaneous storage. IKEA’s RÅSKOG cart started this trend (you can truly use it anywhere in your home), but there are plenty of similar models out there if the RÅSKOG isn’t quite right.",
"19. Suitcases taking up too much space? Take advantage of bulky luggage and use them to store out-of-season linens, blankets, or sweaters. You can store them in your closet, under the bed—or utilize them elsewhere as decor.",
"20. Try repurposing standard storage pieces. Taryn and Sanford used a trunk to store clothing in their closet, with a cushion on top for seating (and then baskets on top of that for even more storage)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "20 Ideas for Organizing Your Bedroom Closet | Apartment Therapy\n\nNewsletters\n\nOrganize & Clean\n\nBedroom\n\nOrganizing\n\nVideo\n\n# 20 Smart Ways to Organize Your Bedroom Closet\n\nby Sarah Coffey\n\nupdated Dec 17, 2019\n\nSaveComments\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Jennifer Cascino)\n\nAre you a little obsessed with organizing? We are too. With spring cleaning in\nfull swing and the Great Clothing Transition of winter to summer apparel\ncommencing, you’re probably thinking about how best to organize your closet\n(whatever that means for you). To get you inspired, we’ve rounded up this\nsuper helpful list of ways to organize your bedroom closet, courtesy of tips\nwe’ve found on House Tours. Whether you have a walk-in closet or\nstrategically-placed clothing rack, we have a little bit of something for\neveryone.\n\nWatch\n\nThe Beginner's Guide to an Organized Closet\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Andrea Sparacio)\n\n1\\. If you don’t have any real closets in your home, integrate storage into\nanother room (as Darla did above). Wall racks and hangers are easy to install,\nand there are plenty of closet systems to choose from—including The Container\nStore’s Elfa System, seen above.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\n2\\. Declutter. Aside from Marie Kondo‘s strategies, check out Discardian’s\nCloset Trick to get rid of clothes you don’t wear. Here’s how it works: Turn\naround all the hangers in your closet so the hooks are pointing towards you,\nand when you wear something, put it back with the hook the normal way. In six\nmonths, donate any item still hanging on a hook facing the wrong way.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Adrienne Breaux)\n\n3\\. Placement is key. Store your most-used items at eye level, less-used items\nbelow, and least-used items up high.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Arthur Garcia-Clemente)\n\n4\\. Combine storage units to fit your different needs: drawers for folded\nitems, hangers for dresses and suits, and boxes for odds and ends. You can\ncreate your own drawers using a closet system, and hangers and storage boxes\nare easy to find. To get you started, Amazon sells a 50-pack of velvet hangers\nfor $25.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Emma Fiala)\n\n5\\. Use coordinated hangers for a clean look that will care for your clothes\nand help you stay organized. Wooden hangers are a more sophisticated\nalternative to the flimsier plastic hangers—some of our favorites include this\n30-pack from Amazon Basics for under $30 or this on-sale 6-pack from The\nContainer Store.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Bethany Nauert)\n\n6\\. Don’t forget to make use of floor space (if you’re lucky enough to have\nsome). Get creative and use an umbrella stand or a large wicker basket to hold\nodd items like yoga mats—we love this geometric find on Wayfair.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\n7\\. Invest in a shoe organizer—and actually use it. Boxes, cubbies, tiered\nshelves, and hanging organizers are all good options, and to make things\neasier we have a guide to the best shoe storage solutions out there.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\n8\\. If you have shelves, keep them tidy with shelf dividers. Even if you’re an\nexpert folder (as shown in the image above), keeping your piles of clothes or\ntowels separated goes a long way in helping them remain folded. You can find\nsuper inexpensive shelf dividers in a couple places, like these acrylic\ndividers from Amazon or this under $15 pack from Target.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Jacqueline Marque)\n\n9\\. Use vertical space (both above and below the closet rod) to store more. If\nyou don’t have built-in shelves, you can easily install them yourself (The\nContainer Store and Home Depot have a ton of options). To make the most of\nyour space, use boxes or containers to keep the clutter to a minimum.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Apartment Therapy)\n\n10\\. Add lights in your closet so you can see (and use!) what’s in there. Have\nfun with chandeliers if you’ve got enough space (Wayfair has a ton that are\nsmall space-friendly), or go for some classic string lights (like this budget-\nfriendly set from Amazon)—anything that’ll add brightness will do.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Samara Vise)\n\n11\\. Replace traditional closet doors with curtains or hanging screens. Aside\nfrom adding some aesthetic appeal, it makes your closet more functional for a\nsmall space, since the doors won’t swing out. Or, if you have an open closet\nit’s a good way to hide the clutter\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: GIC/Stocksy)\n\n12\\. For optimal functionality, use stackable laundry baskets rather than a\nhamper. Not only will this make sorting easier, but it also means you can\ncarry your dirty clothes to the laundry room without struggling with a bag or\nflimsy handles. Some good options include this $10 find from The Container\nStore and this 6-pack for laundry fiends from Target.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Jessica Isaac)\n\n13\\. If you have empty wall space, hooks are a great way to create extra\nstorage for coats, bags, or towels. Even if you don’t have room in your\ncloset, you can always add hooks to your walls or on the back of your door.\nCommand hooks are always a good idea, but don’t forget to check out\nAnthropologie and Schoolhouse Electric for more stylish but equally functional\nhooks.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Esteban Cortez)\n\n14\\. Treat your closet like a small room, not a throwaway space. Pay attention\nto lighting, wall color, and floor coverings, and you’ll be more inclined to\nkeep it looking tidy.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Aimée Mazzenga)\n\n15\\. Make more room in your closet by storing out-of-season clothes in boxes\nup high or, even better, out of sight under the bed. Storage beds are small-\nspace saviors, but you can make do with smart under bed storage, like this $10\nstorage bag from Amazon.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Diana Paulson)\n\n16\\. Color coding your wardrobe is a small habit that makes finding things\neasier. Another method is sorting your clothes by weight or sleeve length—for\nexample, keep all the short-sleeved t-shirts and long-sleeved sweaters\nseparated.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Esteban Cortez)\n\n17\\. Invest in your closet by using good-looking storage solutions. They don’t\nhave to be expensive, just uniform and fitting in with your personal style. It\ncould be something as simple as sticking with one pattern (like these canvas\nquilted bins), or a more elaborate closet system.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Lauren Kolyn)\n\n18\\. For something totally different, a rolling cart can be pulled in or out\nof the closet and used for clothing or miscellaneous storage. IKEA’s RÅSKOG\ncart started this trend (you can truly use it anywhere in your home), but\nthere are plenty of similar models out there if the RÅSKOG isn’t quite right.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Melissa DiRenzo)\n\n19\\. Suitcases taking up too much space? Take advantage of bulky luggage and\nuse them to store out-of-season linens, blankets, or sweaters. You can store\nthem in your closet, under the bed—or utilize them elsewhere as decor.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Carolyn Purnell)\n\n20\\. Try repurposing standard storage pieces. Taryn and Sanford used a trunk\nto store clothing in their closet, with a cushion on top for seating (and then\nbaskets on top of that for even more storage).\n\nThis post was originally published on February 19, 2008, and was last updated\non April 22, 2019.\n\nSavePin It See More Images\n\n(Image credit: Kim Lucian)\n\nSarah Coffey\n\nContributor\n\nSaveComments\n\nFollow us\n\nApartment Therapy is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment\nTherapy, Kitchn, and Cubby.\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nApartment Therapy is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161015225714/http://www.homedit.com:80/13-creative-ideas-for-using-trunks-in-your-interior-decor/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor",
"passages": [
"Vintage trunks are exquisite pieces that serve both as wonderful decorative accents and as useful storage containers. They can be included anywhere in a décor as long as you know how to integrate them in a room and how make them a great focal point. There are lots of ingenious and creative ways for using a vintage trunk. We have selected a few ideas and we hope they will inspire you to redecorate your home and make them a part of it.",
"In the bedroom, a trunk can be placed at the end of the bed where it would serve as a great place to store blankets, pillows and other similar items. In this case, it matches the headboard and also follows the same color palette as the rest of the décor.",
"A vintage trunk can also be sued as a coffee table in the living room. It would be an exquisite accent piece and, since it’s usually placed in the center of the room, it would also be a great focal point for the décor.",
"This is another example for using a vintage trunk as a coffee table. It complements nicely the sofa and the rug. In this case it brings together the sofa and the additional chairs and it forms a cozy and inviting lounge area, a stylish relaxation corner.",
"In the previous examples, the trunk featured similar colors and textures as the rest of the room décor. But here we see that it can also be used to create interesting contrasts. A beautiful, dark-stained trunk would really stand out in a bright décor with pastel, pale colors.",
"A vintage trunk would integrate wonderfully in a décor that also features a similar style. In this case we have a more traditional look and the coffee table which is actually a vintage trunk matches the furniture and adds a little extra charm to the living room.",
"Here’s another example of a bedroom that showcases a vintage trunk. In this room we can see that the rustic furniture boost darker tones and it stands out against the white walls. The contrast is strong, both in terms of color and style.",
"A vintage trunk repurposed as a coffee table would look beautiful in a living room if there is also a fireplace there. It sets a cozy and warm mood and the atmosphere becomes inviting. In this particular example we can see that the décor is very well-balanced and that the trunk matches the storage cabinet.",
"A beautiful trunk can also be used as a nightstand if it has the right dimensions and shape. Place in the bedroom near the bed and you have an original nightstand. Add a couple of vintage decorative pillows on the bed and you have a cozy bedroom with unique details.",
"A vintage trunk may even be used in a kid’s or teenager’s bedroom. It would give it a unique charm and it may even be redecorated. You could paint something on it or you If you find a beautiful vintage trunk you can even use it a purely decorative piece. It doesn’t have to be repurposed as a bedside table, coffee table, nightstand or anything else. Just use it as a place to display a few decorations and place on the hallway or somewhere where everyone can see it and admire it.",
"Even a smaller, square-shaped trunk can be used as a coffee table. Use it in a smaller area such as a family room or lounge area. It would be a nice addition if the room has other, more massive pieces of furniture.",
"In a small home where you have an open plan where the dining and living area are not that well defined, a vintage trunk turned into a coffee table can be a great room divider. It adds style and it’s also useful as a coffee table, maybe set in front of a small sofa.",
"If you have a bedroom with twin beds, then you can use two beautiful vintage trunks. Place each one at the end of each bed and create symmetry. If you also add some more vintage pieces such as vintage armchair in a corner or some beautiful vintage lampshades, then the décor is indeed amazing.",
"Even a modern or contemporary living room can benefit from a stylish vintage trunk. In this example we see that the décor is mostly white. The walls and ceilings are white and so is the furniture. The wooden floors, the traditional rug and the vintage coffee table trunk create a very beautiful and elegant focal point.",
"She may not be very fond of people, finding them annoying most of the time, but she still enjoys helping them from the shadows. Her attention to detail drives others crazy yet remains her most appreciated characteristic.",
"Cookies help us deliver our services. By using our services, you agree to our use of cookies. Learn More Got It!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor\n\n# Home Decorating Trends – Homedit\n\nHome Decorating Trends – Homedit\n\n * Best Of\n * Apartments\n * Architecture\n * Bathroom\n * DIY\n * Furniture\n * Kitchen\n * Office\n * Ideas\n * Lighting\n * Living\n * How To\n * Videos\n\nBack to top\n\n * Home\n * Interiors\n\nShare\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Stumble\n\n## 13 creative ideas for using trunks in your interior décor\n\nVintage trunks are exquisite pieces that serve both as wonderful decorative\naccents and as useful storage containers. They can be included anywhere in a\ndécor as long as you know how to integrate them in a room and how make them a\ngreat focal point. There are lots of ingenious and creative ways for using a\nvintage trunk. We have selected a few ideas and we hope they will inspire you\nto redecorate your home and make them a part of it.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIn the bedroom, a trunk can be placed at the end of the bed where it would\nserve as a great place to store blankets, pillows and other similar items. In\nthis case, it matches the headboard and also follows the same color palette as\nthe rest of the décor.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk can also be sued as a coffee table in the living room. It\nwould be an exquisite accent piece and, since it’s usually placed in the\ncenter of the room, it would also be a great focal point for the décor.\n\nView in gallery\n\nThis is another example for using a vintage trunk as a coffee table. It\ncomplements nicely the sofa and the rug. In this case it brings together the\nsofa and the additional chairs and it forms a cozy and inviting lounge area, a\nstylish relaxation corner.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIn the previous examples, the trunk featured similar colors and textures as\nthe rest of the room décor. But here we see that it can also be used to create\ninteresting contrasts. A beautiful, dark-stained trunk would really stand out\nin a bright décor with pastel, pale colors.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk would integrate wonderfully in a décor that also features a\nsimilar style. In this case we have a more traditional look and the coffee\ntable which is actually a vintage trunk matches the furniture and adds a\nlittle extra charm to the living room.\n\nView in gallery\n\nHere’s another example of a bedroom that showcases a vintage trunk. In this\nroom we can see that the rustic furniture boost darker tones and it stands out\nagainst the white walls. The contrast is strong, both in terms of color and\nstyle.\n\n##### MoreINSPIRATION\n\n * 5 Different Ways To Use Trunks Around the House\n * 13 Creative Repurposing Ideas For A Beautiful Décor Created On A Budget\n * Cowhide rugs and a few ways of using them in your interior décor\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk repurposed as a coffee table would look beautiful in a living\nroom if there is also a fireplace there. It sets a cozy and warm mood and the\natmosphere becomes inviting. In this particular example we can see that the\ndécor is very well-balanced and that the trunk matches the storage cabinet.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA beautiful trunk can also be used as a nightstand if it has the right\ndimensions and shape. Place in the bedroom near the bed and you have an\noriginal nightstand. Add a couple of vintage decorative pillows on the bed and\nyou have a cozy bedroom with unique details.\n\nView in gallery\n\nA vintage trunk may even be used in a kid’s or teenager’s bedroom. It would\ngive it a unique charm and it may even be redecorated. You could paint\nsomething on it or you If you find a beautiful vintage trunk you can even use\nit a purely decorative piece. It doesn’t have to be repurposed as a bedside\ntable, coffee table, nightstand or anything else. Just use it as a place to\ndisplay a few decorations and place on the hallway or somewhere where everyone\ncan see it and admire it.\n\nView in gallery\n\nEven a smaller, square-shaped trunk can be used as a coffee table. Use it in a\nsmaller area such as a family room or lounge area. It would be a nice addition\nif the room has other, more massive pieces of furniture.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIn a small home where you have an open plan where the dining and living area\nare not that well defined, a vintage trunk turned into a coffee table can be a\ngreat room divider. It adds style and it’s also useful as a coffee table,\nmaybe set in front of a small sofa.\n\nView in gallery\n\nIf you have a bedroom with twin beds, then you can use two beautiful vintage\ntrunks. Place each one at the end of each bed and create symmetry. If you also\nadd some more vintage pieces such as vintage armchair in a corner or some\nbeautiful vintage lampshades, then the décor is indeed amazing.\n\nView in gallery\n\nEven a modern or contemporary living room can benefit from a stylish vintage\ntrunk. In this example we see that the décor is mostly white. The walls and\nceilings are white and so is the furniture. The wooden floors, the traditional\nrug and the vintage coffee table trunk create a very beautiful and elegant\nfocal point.\n\nPicture sources:1,2,3,4,5,6,7,8,9,10,11,12 and 13}.\n\n### Share this post\n\nAdd to Flipboard Magazine. Pin It Tweet\n\nPosted in Interiors on September 10, 2012\n\n### About the author\n\n#### Simona Ganea\n\nShe may not be very fond of people, finding them annoying most of the time,\nbut she still enjoys helping them from the shadows. Her attention to detail\ndrives others crazy yet remains her most appreciated characteristic.\n\n### YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE\n\n * #### 5 Different Ways To Use Trunks Around the House\n\n * #### 13 Creative Repurposing Ideas For A Beautiful Décor Created On A Budget\n\n * #### Cowhide rugs and a few ways of using them in your interior décor\n\n * #### Chic and inviting retro interior décor\n\n * #### 16 Creative Design And Décor Ideas For Limited Spaces\n\n * #### Mid-century Modern Fleetwood Cocktail Table\n\n * #### Ideas for a balanced interior décor with pink accents\n\n * #### 10 unusual headboard ideas for an original bedroom interior décor\n\n * #### Get Sorted! 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},
{
"original_url": "https://homeguides.sfgate.com/arrange-room-bedroom-set-small-space-32166.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418154857/https://homeguides.sfgate.com/arrange-room-bedroom-set-small-space-32166.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space",
"passages": [
"If you're stuck with a small bedroom, it may seem like there's just not enough space for all of your furniture. Since a bed is a must-have item -- and is usually on the large side -- it takes up the bulk of the space in room and you're left scrambling to find a spot for the other pieces in your bedroom set. There are ways to arrange your bedroom furniture so you can comfortably move around the space and fit all the necessary pieces -- it just requires some careful planning.",
"In a bedroom, the bed should always take center stage, and there are usually several ways to place a bed so it becomes the focal point of the room. However, in a small master bedroom, your options are usually limited because you have to leave enough room on either side of the bed to get in and out of it comfortably. Placing your bed in the center of the room's most visible wall is usually the best arrangement. The most visible wall is usually opposite the door, but the wall that runs perpendicular to the door on the left side may be a better option depending on the size of your bedroom. If the room is large enough, you can place small nightstands on either side of the bed and a dresser on the wall opposite the foot of the bed.",
"When you're arranging furniture in a bedroom for a child or teen, you may be dealing with a twin bed instead of a double. Since the bed is slimmer, you have more options when placing it in the room. Centering it on the most visible wall as you would with a larger bed is an effective option, but it may not be the best use of space in a small room. Instead, try placing your twin bed in a corner of the room so the head of the bed and its side are up against perpendicular walls. This type of arrangement frees up the center of the room to make the space feel larger and leaves two entire walls -- and most of a third -- free for other furniture like a dresser, desk or bookcase.",
"When your bedroom is small, large storage pieces can take up valuable floor space that could be used for other items or left open to give the room a more spacious feel. Instead of keeping a large armoire, tall chest of drawers or wide dresser in your actual bedroom, place it in your closet where it is out of the way. You may need to rearrange your closet to accommodate the large furniture item, but this type of layout can actually make it easier to get ready in the morning since all of your clothing is in one spot.",
"When you're dealing with an extremely small bedroom, you may only have one arrangement option that fits in the space – and there still may not be enough room for your bed and other furniture items that you need. If that's the case, look for furniture that can do double-duty so you can maximize the space that is available. A headboard that features storage like bookshelves or cubbyholes may make bedside tables unnecessary. A bench for the foot of your bed can include storage under the seat so you may not need a larger dresser or armoire. You may even want to consider a futon or sofa bed instead of a traditional bed in a studio or one-bedroom apartment, so your bedroom can double as a living room.",
"Based in New York City, Jennifer Blair has been covering all things home and garden since 2001. Her writing has appeared on BobVila.com, World Lifestyle, and House Logic. Blair holds a Bachelor of Arts in Writing Seminars from the Johns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space | Home Guides | SF Gate\n\n * ## NEWS\n\n * ## SPORTS\n\n * ## LOCAL\n\n * ## CULTURE\n\n * ## COMMUTING\n\n * ## FOOD + DRINK\n\n * ## TRAVEL\n\n * ## REAL ESTATE\n\n * ## OBITS\n\n * ## COUPONS\n\n# How to Arrange a Room and Bedroom Set With Small Space\n\n * Home Guides\n\n|\n\n * Home\n\n|\n\n * Home Improvement\n\n|\n\n * DIY\n\nBy Jennifer Blair Updated December 19, 2018\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n * How to Arrange a Room With Sliding Doors\n * Designer Tips on Placing a Bed in a Corner\n * How to Design a Room Around an Oversized Couch\n * How to Arrange a Bedroom With Carpeting, a Bed & a Couch\n * How to Make Room for Triplets\n\nIf you're stuck with a small bedroom, it may seem like there's just not enough\nspace for all of your furniture. Since a bed is a must-have item -- and is\nusually on the large side -- it takes up the bulk of the space in room and\nyou're left scrambling to find a spot for the other pieces in your bedroom\nset. There are ways to arrange your bedroom furniture so you can comfortably\nmove around the space and fit all the necessary pieces -- it just requires\nsome careful planning.\n\n## Place a Double Bed in Center of Wall\n\nIn a bedroom, the bed should always take center stage, and there are usually\nseveral ways to place a bed so it becomes the focal point of the room.\nHowever, in a small master bedroom, your options are usually limited because\nyou have to leave enough room on either side of the bed to get in and out of\nit comfortably. Placing your bed in the center of the room's most visible wall\nis usually the best arrangement. The most visible wall is usually opposite the\ndoor, but the wall that runs perpendicular to the door on the left side may be\na better option depending on the size of your bedroom. If the room is large\nenough, you can place small nightstands on either side of the bed and a\ndresser on the wall opposite the foot of the bed.\n\n## Place Twin Bed in Corner\n\nWhen you're arranging furniture in a bedroom for a child or teen, you may be\ndealing with a twin bed instead of a double. Since the bed is slimmer, you\nhave more options when placing it in the room. Centering it on the most\nvisible wall as you would with a larger bed is an effective option, but it may\nnot be the best use of space in a small room. Instead, try placing your twin\nbed in a corner of the room so the head of the bed and its side are up against\nperpendicular walls. This type of arrangement frees up the center of the room\nto make the space feel larger and leaves two entire walls -- and most of a\nthird -- free for other furniture like a dresser, desk or bookcase.\n\n## Place Storage Furniture in Closet\n\nWhen your bedroom is small, large storage pieces can take up valuable floor\nspace that could be used for other items or left open to give the room a more\nspacious feel. Instead of keeping a large armoire, tall chest of drawers or\nwide dresser in your actual bedroom, place it in your closet where it is out\nof the way. You may need to rearrange your closet to accommodate the large\nfurniture item, but this type of layout can actually make it easier to get\nready in the morning since all of your clothing is in one spot.\n\n## Use Multipurpose Pieces\n\nWhen you're dealing with an extremely small bedroom, you may only have one\narrangement option that fits in the space – and there still may not be enough\nroom for your bed and other furniture items that you need. If that's the case,\nlook for furniture that can do double-duty so you can maximize the space that\nis available. A headboard that features storage like bookshelves or cubbyholes\nmay make bedside tables unnecessary. A bench for the foot of your bed can\ninclude storage under the seat so you may not need a larger dresser or\narmoire. You may even want to consider a futon or sofa bed instead of a\ntraditional bed in a studio or one-bedroom apartment, so your bedroom can\ndouble as a living room.\n\nWriter Bio\n\nBased in New York City, Jennifer Blair has been covering all things home and\ngarden since 2001. Her writing has appeared on BobVila.com, World Lifestyle,\nand House Logic. Blair holds a Bachelor of Arts in Writing Seminars from the\nJohns Hopkins University in Baltimore, Maryland.\n\n### Related Articles\n\n## How to Rearrange Your Small & Square Teen Bedroom\n\n## How to Organize a Home Office With Three Desks\n\n## How to Arrange a Toddler's Bedroom\n\n## How to Place a Bed in a Corner of the Room\n\n## How to Design Using a Mattress on the Floor\n\n## Tips on Making a Small Kids Room Bigger for Two\n\n## How to Rearrange a Small Family Room\n\n## How to Set Up Your Loft\n\n## How to Decorate a Teen's Small Room Around a Double Bed\n\n## How to Arrange a Room With Sliding Doors\n\n## Designer Tips on Placing a Bed in a Corner\n\n## How to Design a Room Around an Oversized Couch\n\n#### Most Popular\n\n * 1 How to Rearrange Your Small & Square Teen Bedroom\n * 2 How to Organize a Home Office With Three Desks\n * 3 How to Arrange a Toddler's Bedroom\n * 4 How to Place a Bed in a Corner of the Room\n\nLogo Return to Top\n\n### About\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Our Company\n * The Press: Guide to Wine Country\n * Green State: Cannabis Culture\n * Careers\n * Advertising\n\n### Contact\n\n * Customer Service\n * Newsroom Contacts\n\n### Connect\n\n * Sign up for Email Alerts\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n\n### CCPA\n\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\n### QuickLinks\n\n * Real Estate\n * Cars\n * Jobs\n * SF Marketplace\n * Recruitment\n * Home Services\n * Obituaries\n * Horoscopes\n * Comics\n * Dear Abby\n * Weather\n * Home\n * Movies\n * TV\n * Earthquakes\n * Wildfires\n * Public Notice\n * MBA by the Bay\n\nHearst Newspapers © Copyright 2020 Hearst Communications, Inc.\n\n"
}
] |
1,557,017 | How To Use Acupressure Points for Foot Pain | The best way to use acupressure points for foot pain depends on what part of your foot hurts. To treat heel pain, use the pressing and reducing techniques to manipulate the Kidney Meridian points and the Bladder Meridian points. If the pain is in your ankle, manipulate the Illuminated Sea and Qiuxu points. Also, manipulate the High Mountains and Calm Sea points to relieve ankle pain. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201202091217/https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417151111/https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210226073808/https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170711174324/https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180922174306/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161130203737/http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515180415/http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180919143322/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200119214718/http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp"
] | train | 749 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201202091217/https://www.acupuncture-points.org/liver-yin-deficiency.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Liver Yin deficiency",
"passages": [
"Liver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we deplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.",
"Liver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we deplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.",
"This syndrome is one of a number of syndromes recognised in Chinese medicine relating to the Liver. The Liver, as in Western medicine, is of major importance in Chinese medicine but it has additional, very different roles.",
"In Chinese medicine the Liver is an Energy Organ, or zang, that deals with making sure that Qi – energy – moves smoothly; not just in your body, but in your emotions. You may think the liver has little to do with your emotions, but even in the West we recognise what is meant by someone who is described as liverish.",
"If you can imagine someone who has been liverish for a long time, with either loss of blood or a history of considerable and excessive exertion you might begin to approach what the Chinese mean by this syndrome.",
"The actual symptoms you can read about below: they aren’t that uncommon and many people get them to a small extent from time to time.",
"They become stronger as you grow older, and can lead to other Liver syndromes, such as Liver Qi Stagnation or Liver Yang.",
"Liver Yin deficiency symptoms are rather like those of Liver Blood deficiency. This makes little difference if you’re new to all this, but it does matter if you’re the acupuncturist treating it.",
"Note – don’t confuse these Liver Yin Deficiency with the symptoms of fever or infection, a mistake doctors sometimes make, the result being that they prescribe antibiotics, which eventually make your condition worse.",
"Appearance: you may get slightly flushed cheeks, commonly in the afternoon or evening. If so, this shows signs of your deficiency of Yin allowing (Yang) ‘empty‘ heat to develop.",
"Your tongue: red with little or no coating (if any, it is white or sometimes a little yellow). Your tongue body may have fissures.",
"Big emotional problems, including sadness or grieving can also drain Liver Yin, firstly by causing Liver Qi stagnation, then perhaps by causing Liver Fire which drains Liver Yin",
"In women, childbirth can be a cause, more so if it was very draining, took too long, or you had many tiring pregnancies close together",
"Of course, there are other causes. Any large emotional trauma can affect any or all of the organ energies (eg Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidney etc). Such trauma will dissipate their patency. Which symptoms this leads to depends on underlying susceptibilities.",
"Technically, what your acupuncturist will do is nourish your Kidney Yin or your Kidney Yang, your Liver Yin and Liver Blood. There are acupuncture treatments for this, and a whole raft of other ways that your acupuncturist will probably suggest.",
"Like what? Well, you could start by studying the many thousands of texts written over at least 2000 years by Chinese medicine scholars, doctors and mystics, most of whom sooner or later became obsessed with the matter.",
"Trapped in static yin lockdown? How to reduce yin and use yang to alleviate misery! It’s your choice and your opportunity!",
"High blood pressure – hypertension: understand it with yin and yang to get the right treatment. Excess yang or deficient yin?",
"As source point Spleen 3 strengthens your Spleen so enhances your digestion, energy and Blood and helps to clear or disperse Damp.",
"Gallbladder 34, yanglingquan clears Damp-Heat and soothes and steadies the tendons. Great for many kinds of arthritis and aching wandering pains.",
"Spleen 9, yinlingquan, is a major point for conditions caused by Damp, so helps urinary problems, ascites, oedema and general swelling.",
"If you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can improve your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.",
"If you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can improve your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.",
"www.acupuncture-points.org is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to products on Amazon.com. Amazon and the Amazon logo are trademarks of Amazon.com, Inc, or its affiliates."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Liver Yin deficiency - Acupuncture Points\n\nMenu\n\nLiver Energy, Syndromes, Theory, Yin and Yang, Zangfu\n\n# Liver Yin deficiency\n\nLiver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we\ndeplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\n\nJonathan Clogstoun-Willmott\n\n * October 15, 2019\n\nPhoto by Megan te Boekhorst on Unsplash\n\n * Discover Liver Yin deficiency symptoms – many women get them\n * The causes of Liver Yin deficiency\n * Overwork is often a cause\n * Tired restlessness is a common symptom\n\nLiver Yin deficiency comes as a cruel extra twist when we grow old, as we\ndeplete our body’s supplies of what are called Kidney Yin and Kidney Yang.\n\nBy then of course, we’ve developed wisdom, so it doesn’t matter, though it can\nbe a hard exchange.\n\nThis syndrome is one of a number of syndromes recognised in Chinese medicine\nrelating to the Liver. The Liver, as in Western medicine, is of major\nimportance in Chinese medicine but it has additional, very different roles.\n\nRead more about the Liver functions here.\n\nIn Chinese medicine the Liver is an Energy Organ, or zang, that deals with\nmaking sure that Qi – energy – moves smoothly; not just in your body, but in\nyour emotions. You may think the liver has little to do with your emotions,\nbut even in the West we recognise what is meant by someone who is described as\nliverish.\n\n‘Liverish’ includes physical symptoms but also mental and emotional symptoms\nthat often accompany them.\n\nIf you can imagine someone who has been liverish for a long time, with either\nloss of blood or a history of considerable and excessive exertion you might\nbegin to approach what the Chinese mean by this syndrome.\n\nThe actual symptoms you can read about below: they aren’t that uncommon and\nmany people get them to a small extent from time to time.\n\nThey become stronger as you grow older, and can lead to other Liver syndromes,\nsuch as Liver Qi Stagnation or Liver Yang.\n\nIt share some signs common to all Yin deficient syndromes.\n\nImage by Hawksky from Pixabay\n\n## What are Liver Yin Deficiency Symptoms?\n\nLiver Yin deficiency symptoms are rather like those of Liver Blood deficiency.\nThis makes little difference if you’re new to all this, but it does matter if\nyou’re the acupuncturist treating it.\n\nYou may not have all of the following symptoms – just some of them, some of\nthe time.\n\nNote – don’t confuse these Liver Yin Deficiency with the symptoms of fever or\ninfection, a mistake doctors sometimes make, the result being that they\nprescribe antibiotics, which eventually make your condition worse.\n\n## So what are the symptoms?\n\n * Dry eyes, mouth and throat\n * Heat sensations in palms and soles\n * Dull inter-costal pain\n * Nails are dry and without lustre\n * Impatience\n * Constipation with dry stools\n * Urine is dark and may be scanty\n * Low grade fever worse later in the day or evening\n * Restlessness\n * Insomnia (often after waking around 3am)\n * Fatigue\n * Night sweats\n * Aversion to Heat\n\n * Shallow Breathing, dyspnoea, sighing, taking deep breaths\n * Thirst and prefers cool drinks, but not too much\n * Urine dark\n * Constipation and dry stools\n * Pain relieved by cool air or cool applications\n * Pain also better for pressure or firm touch\n\nYour movements: restless, but you weaken quickly.\n\nSpeech: quiet but talkative, and you easily run out of ‘puff’.\n\nYour mood: agitated, anxious, depressed, passive, excitable. You needs\nreassurance.\n\nAppearance: you may get slightly flushed cheeks, commonly in the afternoon or\nevening. If so, this shows signs of your deficiency of Yin allowing (Yang)\n‘empty‘ heat to develop.\n\nYour tongue: red with little or no coating (if any, it is white or sometimes a\nlittle yellow). Your tongue body may have fissures.\n\nYour pulse: wiry and fine, or wiry, fine, and rapid (technical terms of\ninterest to acupuncturists).\n\nLiver Yin deficiency Video\n\nBook here\n\n## How do you get this – what’s its Aetiology?\n\nThe usual causes of Liver Yin Deficiency are:\n\n * Excessive exercise or physical exertion (what’s excessive for one person may be normal for another)\n * Long-term Liver Blood deficiency eg from heavy menses\n * A succession of high fevers that have drained you\n * Big emotional problems, including sadness or grieving can also drain Liver Yin, firstly by causing Liver Qi stagnation, then perhaps by causing Liver Fire which drains Liver Yin\n * In women (more than in men, it seems), overworking\n * In women, childbirth can be a cause, more so if it was very draining, took too long, or you had many tiring pregnancies close together\n * ‘Jing and Kidney deficiency’ leading to Liver Yin deficiency.\n\n### Jing and Kidney deficiency can arise from a number of different reasons\nincluding\n\n * chronic illness,\n * old age,\n * overwork,\n * hereditary causes,\n * long-standing or extreme fear, and\n * excess sexual activity.\n * In other words, overuse of available resources.\n\nOf course, there are other causes. Any large emotional trauma can affect any\nor all of the organ energies (eg Heart, Lungs, Liver, Kidney etc). Such trauma\nwill dissipate their patency. Which symptoms this leads to depends on\nunderlying susceptibilities.\n\nStay in Touch!\n\nNo spam, only notifications about new articles and updates.\n\nThe latest books\n\nMaster Ancient Ways to Deal with Stress.\n\nThe Ancient Way to Deal with Burnout and Exhaustion.\n\nBook a Consultation\n\nBook Consultation\n\nBook a Video consultation if you want to know more about your symptoms\n\nBook here\n\n## Treatment\n\nTechnically, what your acupuncturist will do is nourish your Kidney Yin or\nyour Kidney Yang, your Liver Yin and Liver Blood. There are acupuncture\ntreatments for this, and a whole raft of other ways that your acupuncturist\nwill probably suggest.\n\n### Other Ways?\n\nLike what? Well, you could start by studying the many thousands of texts\nwritten over at least 2000 years by Chinese medicine scholars, doctors and\nmystics, most of whom sooner or later became obsessed with the matter.\n\nAs you will, too, when you grow a little older, if not already.\n\nFew of us like to grow old (at least physically) and Kidney deficiency comes\nwith growing old.\n\nKidney deficiency leads to Liver Yin deficiency.\n\nOf course, Chinese Medicine including Acupuncture has solutions, partial if\nnothing else, as you would expect.\n\nSome of them you can do yourself and for others you need treatment.\n\nThe things you do yourself must become part of your daily pattern.\n\nThey aren’t things which you do once and that’s it.\n\nWe’re writing a page on this and will link to it when it’s ready.\n\nOther Liver syndromes\n\n * Liver Functions in general including Liver Qi Stagnation\n * Liver Blood Deficiency\n * Liver Blood Stasis\n * Liver Channel Cold Stagnation\n * Liver Damp Heat\n * Liver Fire\n * Liver Wind\n * Liver Yang rising\n * Liver Yin deficiency – this page\n\nBook here\n\nCheck my collection of books:\n\nStress from Qi Stagnation – Signs of Stress\n\nYang Deficiency – Get Your Fire Burning\n\nYin Deficiency – Burnout and Exhaustion: What to Do!\n\nYuck! Phlegm! How to Clear Your Phlegm\n\n * Tags: Top, Yin\n\n * Categories: Liver Energy, Syndromes, Theory, Yin and Yang, Zangfu\n\n## Related Articles\n\nBlood\n\n### Oketsu and TCM – Chinese medicine\n\nOketsu, from Japanese acupuncture, describes problems from portal vein\ncongestion and blood stagnation that need urgent treatment.\n\nRead More »\n\nEducation\n\n### Lockdown, Yin and Yang Covid Rules\n\nTrapped in static yin lockdown? How to reduce yin and use yang to alleviate\nmisery! It’s your choice and your opportunity!\n\nRead More »\n\n8 Principles\n\n### High Blood Pressure – Hypertension\n\nHigh blood pressure – hypertension: understand it with yin and yang to get the\nright treatment. Excess yang or deficient yin?\n\nRead More »\n\nPoints and Channels\n\n### Spleen 3 – Taibai – Supreme White\n\nAs source point Spleen 3 strengthens your Spleen so enhances your digestion,\nenergy and Blood and helps to clear or disperse Damp.\n\nRead More »\n\nGallbladder channel\n\n### Gallbladder 34 – Yanglingquan – Yang Mound Spring\n\nGallbladder 34, yanglingquan clears Damp-Heat and soothes and steadies the\ntendons. Great for many kinds of arthritis and aching wandering pains.\n\nRead More »\n\n### Spleen 9 – Yinlingquan – Yin Mound Spring\n\nSpleen 9, yinlingquan, is a major point for conditions caused by Damp, so\nhelps urinary problems, ascites, oedema and general swelling.\n\nRead More »\n\n## Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nSubscribe to the Newsletter\n\nIf you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can\nimprove your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\n\nSubscribe to the Newsletter\n\nIf you are interested in understanding how Traditional Chinese Medicine can\nimprove your life sign up to my newsletter for the latest updates.\n\nBLOG\n\n * Theory\n * Nutrition and Food\n * Energy\n * Points and Channels\n * Yin and Yang\n\nGet Started\n\n * About Jonathan\n * Top Articles\n * Books\n * Video Consultation\n * Consultation in Clinic\n\nImportant\n\n * Testimonials\n * Data protection Policy\n * Our Privacy Policy\n * Patient Data Form\n * Disclaimer\n\nwww.acupuncture-points.org is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC\nAssociates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a\nmeans for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to\nproducts on Amazon.com. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417151111/https://www.modernreflexology.com/acupressure-points-cure-feet-ankle-pain/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "7 Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain Naturally",
"passages": [
"Pain in the foot can be caused due to a lot of strain on the feet, too much of sitting or standing, repetitive motions and fatigue. There are many different treatments that you can try to experience relief from these pains. One of the best methods to cure ankle and foot pain is the Chinese medicine-acupressure. The acupressure points will release endorphins which will help in reducing the pains. You can access these pressure points by yourself or you can ask a friend to help you. These pressure points will definitely help in relaxation of the foot muscles.",
"Mostly pressure on the feet will affect the ankles. Pain in the ankles is sometimes unbearable. To relieve the stress and pain in the feet and the ankles try these simple pressure point techniques.",
"This acupressure point will help to relieve ankle sprains, sciatic pain, swelling and other kinds of ankle joint problems. It can also relieve you from frustration, irritation and will help in making wise and good decisions. This acupressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle bone. It is in the large hollow beside the ankle bone. With the help of your index finger press this point, release after every 30 seconds. Press the point for 30 seconds and then apply more pressure for the next 30 seconds. Do this for 8 minutes. You need to breathe deeply while doing this.",
"This pressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle. It will help to relieve swollen ankles, stiffness around the ankle and other kinds of ankle pain. Place your thumbs 1cm away from the ankle. You need to apply pressure with both the thumbs on both the pressure points simultaneously. Do this for 2 minutes every day for better results.",
"This pressure point will help to relieve thigh pain, lower back pain, rheumatism in the foot joints, swollen feet and ankle pains. You need to place your thumb between the outer ankle bone and the Achilles tendon. Press this point for 5 minutes by releasing the pressure after 30 seconds. You will experience great relief by following this procedure at night every day. You can even try this twice or thrice every day to experience faster relief. Pressing this point with pressure will cause your muscles to relax. It will increase the blood flow in your feet. You need to repeat the same procedure with the other leg as well.",
"This point can be found in the indentation directly below the outer ankle bone. This hollow is a pressure point which will help to relieve insomnia, ankle pain, heel pain and other general foot pains. Hold this point with the help of your index finger and massage it in circular motions. You will experience relief from all the mentioned problems within a few weeks.",
"You will find this pressure point right in the middle of the wrist line. Place your thumb in the centre of your wrist and apply pressure continuously for two minutes. This point will help in the reduction of ankle pain and other kinds of ankle problems. You need to follow this procedure every day and make sure you don’t press this point too hard.",
"This pressure point is located on the upper side of the wrist; you will find a prominent bone on this side. It is shown as point B in the given picture. Press this point for 4 minutes. This point will help to reduce the pain on your feet and ankle.",
"This massage will help to reduce pain and swelling in the ankle. It will also help to boost the energy in your feet. Place your thumbs on the hollow under the ankle on the inner side. Press this hollow point continuously for 4 to 5 minutes. Thumb walk this area for another 2 minutes. This massage will stimulate all the pressure points in this area and it will relax your feet muscles to the maximum. You need to rub gently and find sore areas near your ankle. These sore areas need to be focused on more. This great massage will give you relief instantly.",
"Though feet and ankle pain is common it should not be neglected. If left untreated, this pain can increase and also weaken your bones. You need to take very good care of your feet as they carry your weight. In case you have severe or stinging pain in your feet get it checked by a Doctor. Do not try these acupressure points in case you have a fracture in the bone or rupture in the muscle.",
"You can also soak your feet in a warm tub of water. This will relax your feet muscles and maximize the effect of these points. Avoid straining your feet and staying in one particular posture for a long time. Take care of yourself and stay healthy.",
"Devi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil Nadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief advisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on all the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on. A holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic practices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of knowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She believes in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay calm and practice Reflexology.",
"Thanks for the above points. It will help me a lot if you have given it’s Chinese name and/or its meridian number. More power to you.",
"a picture along with the point would help...it’s not clear (especially first one) which point you’re talking about. Or please give the point number",
"Hi Bipasha, Could you guide me to treat the testrone count and the platelets count (spleen) and also bloated stomach. I have browsed through the Internet but none has elaborated on these things. Looking forward for a reply. Thanks Regards Nona"
]
},
"parsed_md": "7 Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain Naturally\n\nTop Posts\n\nAcupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\n6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\n\n6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\n\n8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For...\n\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\n\nTop 8 Acupressure Points for Treating Acne Naturally...\n\nEffective Acupuncture Points for Treating Sports Related Injury\n\n5 Helpful Acupressure Points for Postoperative Pain Relief\n\nEffective Acupuncture Therapy for Acute Ulcerative Colitis Disease\n\nHow Acupuncture is Helpful in Treating Nocturnal Enuresis...\n\nHome Acupressure Points 7 Most Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain\n\nAcupressure Points\n\n# 7 Most Important Acupressure Points to Cure Ankle Pain\n\nby Devi Gajendran November 19, 2013\n\nwritten by Devi Gajendran November 19, 2013\n\nPain in the foot can be caused due to a lot of strain on the feet, too much of\nsitting or standing, repetitive motions and fatigue. There are many different\ntreatments that you can try to experience relief from these pains. One of the\nbest methods to cure ankle and foot pain is the Chinese medicine-acupressure.\nThe acupressure points will release endorphins which will help in reducing the\npains. You can access these pressure points by yourself or you can ask a\nfriend to help you. These pressure points will definitely help in relaxation\nof the foot muscles.\n\nMostly pressure on the feet will affect the ankles. Pain in the ankles is\nsometimes unbearable. To relieve the stress and pain in the feet and the\nankles try these simple pressure point techniques.\n\n#### Acupressure points (hollow)\n\nThis acupressure point will help to relieve ankle sprains, sciatic pain,\nswelling and other kinds of ankle joint problems. It can also relieve you from\nfrustration, irritation and will help in making wise and good decisions. This\nacupressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle bone. It is in\nthe large hollow beside the ankle bone. With the help of your index finger\npress this point, release after every 30 seconds. Press the point for 30\nseconds and then apply more pressure for the next 30 seconds. Do this for 8\nminutes. You need to breathe deeply while doing this.\n\n#### Illuminated Sea\n\nThis pressure point can be found on the inner side of the ankle. It will help\nto relieve swollen ankles, stiffness around the ankle and other kinds of ankle\npain. Place your thumbs 1cm away from the ankle. You need to apply pressure\nwith both the thumbs on both the pressure points simultaneously. Do this for 2\nminutes every day for better results.\n\n#### High Mountains\n\nThis pressure point will help to relieve thigh pain, lower back pain,\nrheumatism in the foot joints, swollen feet and ankle pains. You need to place\nyour thumb between the outer ankle bone and the Achilles tendon. Press this\npoint for 5 minutes by releasing the pressure after 30 seconds. You will\nexperience great relief by following this procedure at night every day. You\ncan even try this twice or thrice every day to experience faster relief.\nPressing this point with pressure will cause your muscles to relax. It will\nincrease the blood flow in your feet. You need to repeat the same procedure\nwith the other leg as well.\n\n#### Calm Sleep\n\nThis point can be found in the indentation directly below the outer ankle\nbone. This hollow is a pressure point which will help to relieve insomnia,\nankle pain, heel pain and other general foot pains. Hold this point with the\nhelp of your index finger and massage it in circular motions. You will\nexperience relief from all the mentioned problems within a few weeks.\n\n#### Wrist Point\n\nYou will find this pressure point right in the middle of the wrist line. Place\nyour thumb in the centre of your wrist and apply pressure continuously for two\nminutes. This point will help in the reduction of ankle pain and other kinds\nof ankle problems. You need to follow this procedure every day and make sure\nyou don’t press this point too hard.\n\n#### Wrist Bone\n\nThis pressure point is located on the upper side of the wrist; you will find a\nprominent bone on this side. It is shown as point B in the given picture.\nPress this point for 4 minutes. This point will help to reduce the pain on\nyour feet and ankle.\n\n#### Ankle Massage\n\nThis massage will help to reduce pain and swelling in the ankle. It will also\nhelp to boost the energy in your feet. Place your thumbs on the hollow under\nthe ankle on the inner side. Press this hollow point continuously for 4 to 5\nminutes. Thumb walk this area for another 2 minutes. This massage will\nstimulate all the pressure points in this area and it will relax your feet\nmuscles to the maximum. You need to rub gently and find sore areas near your\nankle. These sore areas need to be focused on more. This great massage will\ngive you relief instantly.\n\nThough feet and ankle pain is common it should not be neglected. If left\nuntreated, this pain can increase and also weaken your bones. You need to take\nvery good care of your feet as they carry your weight. In case you have severe\nor stinging pain in your feet get it checked by a Doctor. Do not try these\nacupressure points in case you have a fracture in the bone or rupture in the\nmuscle.\n\nYou can also soak your feet in a warm tub of water. This will relax your feet\nmuscles and maximize the effect of these points. Avoid straining your feet and\nstaying in one particular posture for a long time. Take care of yourself and\nstay healthy.\n\n6 comments\n\n0\n\nFacebookTwitterPinterestEmail\n\n##### Devi Gajendran\n\nDevi Gajendran is a Post Graduate in Nutrition (University of Madras, Tamil\nNadu) and has tons of experience in Fitness and Nutrition. She is the chief\nadvisor and contributes to Modern Reflexology website and has her final say on\nall the segments under reflexology, acupressure points, acupuncture and so on.\nA holistic health advocator she believes that the combination of holistic\npractices can work wonders. When she is not sharing her valuable piece of\nknowledge about Reflexology she loves indulging in her hobby, dancing. She\nbelieves in driving away the blues with dancing. Her mantra is simple, stay\ncalm and practice Reflexology.\n\nprevious post\n\n##### Reflexology Massages to Cure Skin Disorders – 5 Most Important Points\n\nnext post\n\n##### 8 Best Acupressure Points to Relieve Asthma\n\n#### You may also like\n\n### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\nMarch 31, 2021\n\n### Top 8 Acupressure Points for Treating Acne Naturally...\n\nAugust 18, 2019\n\n### 5 Helpful Acupressure Points for Postoperative Pain Relief\n\nJuly 20, 2019\n\n### Best Acupressure Points to Treat Pneumonia Symptoms\n\nJune 15, 2019\n\n### Effective Acupressure Points to Relieve Bronchitis\n\nJune 8, 2019\n\n### How to Stop Motion Sickness With Acupressure Points\n\nApril 16, 2019\n\n### 5 Acupressure Points To Get Relief from Scleroderma...\n\nMarch 27, 2019\n\n### 7 Acupressure Points for Reducing Gum Disease\n\nMarch 15, 2019\n\n### 7 Effective Acupressure Points for Curing Goiter Problem\n\nFebruary 18, 2019\n\n### 4 Acupressure Points to Treat Sciatica Pain –...\n\nFebruary 4, 2019\n\n#### 6 comments\n\nRose November 19, 2014 - 11:46 AM\n\nThanks for the above points. It will help me a lot if you have given it’s\nChinese name and/or its meridian number. More power to you.\n\nReply\n\nBipasha Mukherjee March 20, 2015 - 4:56 PM\n\nWe will try to provide the Chinese names as well.\n\nReply\n\nPurnima Singh November 21, 2014 - 9:24 AM\n\nI need cure for obsessive eating disorder\n\nReply\n\nRhiza May 25, 2015 - 8:05 AM\n\na picture along with the point would help...it’s not clear (especially first\none) which point you’re talking about. Or please give the point number\n\nReply\n\nD.SENTHIL KUMAR May 25, 2015 - 2:49 PM\n\nTHIS ACUPRESSURE POINTS IS VERY USEFUL FOR REDUCE MY BACK PAIN. THANK YOU FOR\nYOUR KIND SERVICE\n\nReply\n\nNona September 26, 2015 - 11:36 PM\n\nHi Bipasha, Could you guide me to treat the testrone count and the platelets\ncount (spleen) and also bloated stomach. I have browsed through the Internet\nbut none has elaborated on these things. Looking forward for a reply. Thanks\nRegards Nona\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel Reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * #### Acupressure Points For Relieving Eye Strain\n\n * #### 6 Health Benefits of Traditional Thai Massage\n\n * #### 6 Acupuncture Points for Hemifacial Spasm Treatment\n\n * #### 8 Best Acupuncture Points A Potential Treatment For Tourette’s Syndrome (TS)\n\n * #### Effective Acupuncture Points for Treating Depression Naturally\n\n#### Connect with Modern Reflexology\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\n * 1\n\n#### 12 Potent Acupressure Points to Cure Vertigo, Dizziness, and Fainting\n\n * 2\n\n#### 10 Potent Acupressure Points to Treat Swelling, Water Retention, and\nEdema\n\n * 3\n\n#### 9 Best Acupressure Points to Treat Digestive Problems\n\n * 4\n\n#### 12 Effective Acupressure Points to Relieve Hip and Lower Back Pain\n\n * 5\n\n#### 4 Acupressure Points to Treat Sciatica Pain – Largest Nerve\n\n#### Categories\n\n#### Random Posts\n\n * #### Reflexology Massages to Cure Skin Disorders – 5 Most Important Points\n\n * #### Benefits of Using Acupressure Mats for Natural Pain Relief – Reflexology\n\n * #### 8 Signs of Chronic Fatigue Syndrome and 11 Benefits of Acupuncture Treatment\n\n#### Popular Posts – Reflexology\n\n * #### How to Get Relief from Nausea with Acupressure Points\n\n * #### Do Reflexology Massages Really Work? – Why Are They So Important?\n\n * #### The Difference Between the Treatment Approaches of Reflexology and Reiki\n\n#### you may also like\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * Pinterest\n\n * Home\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy – ModernReflexology\n\n@2021 - All Right Reserved.\n\nBack To Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210226073808/https://www.wisegeek.com/what-is-the-difference-between-reflexology-and-acupressure.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?",
"passages": [
"Mary McMahon Date: January 29, 2021It is believed that a reflexology massage to the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.",
"Acupressure and reflexology are both bodywork techniques which involve applying pressure to specific points on the body for the purpose of addressing health complaints, but these techniques are radically different. Acupressure involves the whole body, and it has thousands of years of tradition in Asia behind it, while reflexology involves primarily the feet, and it was developed in the 20th century.",
"Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.",
"Acupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM). While practitioners in the West may offer acupressure independently as a form of therapeutic bodywork, traditionally in Asia it is offered as part of an array of options, combined with prescriptions for herbs and consultations about diet and lifestyle. Practitioners of acupressure believe that by targeting specific points on the body, they are encouraging the flow of chi, or life force; since health conditions are supposed to be caused by an imbalance of chi, acupressure is used to correct that imbalance to make the patient feel better.",
"Reflexology is believed to date back to ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphics reveal that medical practitioners worked on hands and feet of patients as a treatment. Modern reflexology was first used by Dr. William Fitzgerald, Dr.Shelby Riley and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham in the early 1900s. Dr. William Fitzgerald realized through his practice as an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist that applying pressure on specific zones and points reduced pain and helped treat underlying conditions. Dr. Shelby Riley expanded on this work and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham developed the theory that reflex points on the feet correlate to specific organs of the body. Modern practitioners of reflexology apply these findings in manipulation of the feet, and to a lesser degree, the hands and ears, to improve health.",
"From the point of view of the client, acupressure and reflexology may appear very similar. However, from the point of view of the practitioner, the techniques are quite different. Both are rooted in Asian tradition. However, reflexology practitioners tap into the flow of chi by manipulating the feet whereas in reflexology, pressure points are believed to improve the function of specific organs. In addition, practitioners generally work on these techniques exclusively and the pressure points in reflexology are different from those used in acupressure.",
"For clients who are interested in exploring non-invasive forms of bodywork, reflexology can sometimes be a good way to start. It is very relaxing, and it doesn't involve contact in any areas of the body which might feel awkward, such as the stomach. If clients like reflexology, they can also experiment with acupressure, which covers the whole body; if acupressure is performed by a TCM practitioner, the client will also receive a clinical consultation along with recommendations for herbs and other treatments to address underlying health problems. Both techniques are generally suited for all although pregnant women should consult with their doctor before undergoing either treatment.",
"Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.",
"Ever since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has embraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer. Mary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time reading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.",
"Reflexology dates back over 5000 years to Egypt, Thailand and India. Dr. William Fitzgerald began using Reflexology for anaesthetic purposes in 1910, and then Eunice Ingham (the mother of Reflexology) introduced it to the western medical community in 1970. Reflexology also involves the whole body by practicing on the reflex points on the feet, hands, face and ears. If you are interested in Reflexology, talk to a reflexology practitioner for more information.",
"I have suffered from migraines for years and tried about every medications and alternative treatment out there. Reflexology was my last attempt. I really didn't know if it was all hype, or if it would actually work, but it did. I have fewer migraines now, and when I do get one, it doesn't last as long.",
"My family doctor told me it was fine to continue with the reflexology as long as long as it helps.",
"How strange. I actually prefer acupressure treatments over reflexology treatments. The reflexology pressure points don't really do it for me. I mean, it's an awesome foot or hand massage, but it doesn't have any long-lasting effects for me.",
"On the other hand, an hour-long acupressure session feels great and afterwards I don't have any pain in my left elbow, my problem area, for weeks and weeks. I guess some of us take better to reflexology than acupressure and vice versa.",
"Me too! I have had hand reflexology services performed at least a dozen times for my migraine headache problem. Recently, I decided to have whole-body acupressure treatments instead. Well, I have to say that I felt really relaxed throughout the treatment, but when it was over the effects of it started to fade immediately.",
"I suffered from fibromyalgia for almost 7 years so I have had several reflexology and acupressure treatments. The pressure points are completely different and the techniques can vary widely according to the practitioner.",
"While they were both beneficial to my condition, I found that reflexology had the greater impact on my health. As weird as this may sound, I found that if a smaller area of my body was manipulated a larger area of my body found more, longer-lasting pain relief.",
"Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.",
"Acupressure and acupuncture use the concept of a meridian to locate and treat issues throughout the body, while reflexology focuses only on the feet."
]
},
"parsed_md": "What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?\n\nClear answers for common questions\n\n# What Is the Difference between Reflexology and Acupressure?\n\n###### Join the Community\n\nFollow @wiseGEEK\n\nMary McMahon Last Modified Date: January 29, 2021\n\nMary McMahon Date: January 29, 2021It is believed that a reflexology massage\nto the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.\n\nAcupressure and reflexology are both bodywork techniques which involve\napplying pressure to specific points on the body for the purpose of addressing\nhealth complaints, but these techniques are radically different. Acupressure\ninvolves the whole body, and it has thousands of years of tradition in Asia\nbehind it, while reflexology involves primarily the feet, and it was developed\nin the 20th century.\n\nAcupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line\nthat runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\n\nAcupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine (TCM).\nWhile practitioners in the West may offer acupressure independently as a form\nof therapeutic bodywork, traditionally in Asia it is offered as part of an\narray of options, combined with prescriptions for herbs and consultations\nabout diet and lifestyle. Practitioners of acupressure believe that by\ntargeting specific points on the body, they are encouraging the flow of chi,\nor life force; since health conditions are supposed to be caused by an\nimbalance of chi, acupressure is used to correct that imbalance to make the\npatient feel better.\n\nReflexology is considered a non-invasive form of bodywork.\n\nReflexology is believed to date back to ancient Egypt. Hieroglyphics reveal\nthat medical practitioners worked on hands and feet of patients as a\ntreatment. Modern reflexology was first used by Dr. William Fitzgerald,\nDr.Shelby Riley and Dr. Eunice D. Ingham in the early 1900s. Dr. William\nFitzgerald realized through his practice as an Ear, Nose and Throat Specialist\nthat applying pressure on specific zones and points reduced pain and helped\ntreat underlying conditions. Dr. Shelby Riley expanded on this work and Dr.\nEunice D. Ingham developed the theory that reflex points on the feet correlate\nto specific organs of the body. Modern practitioners of reflexology apply\nthese findings in manipulation of the feet, and to a lesser degree, the hands\nand ears, to improve health.\n\nIs Amazon actually giving you the best price? This little known plugin reveals\nthe answer.\n\nReflexology can be used to treat migraines.\n\nFrom the point of view of the client, acupressure and reflexology may appear\nvery similar. However, from the point of view of the practitioner, the\ntechniques are quite different. Both are rooted in Asian tradition. However,\nreflexology practitioners tap into the flow of chi by manipulating the feet\nwhereas in reflexology, pressure points are believed to improve the function\nof specific organs. In addition, practitioners generally work on these\ntechniques exclusively and the pressure points in reflexology are different\nfrom those used in acupressure.\n\nAcupressure is similar to acupuncture but uses no needles.\n\nFor clients who are interested in exploring non-invasive forms of bodywork,\nreflexology can sometimes be a good way to start. It is very relaxing, and it\ndoesn't involve contact in any areas of the body which might feel awkward,\nsuch as the stomach. If clients like reflexology, they can also experiment\nwith acupressure, which covers the whole body; if acupressure is performed by\na TCM practitioner, the client will also receive a clinical consultation along\nwith recommendations for herbs and other treatments to address underlying\nhealth problems. Both techniques are generally suited for all although\npregnant women should consult with their doctor before undergoing either\ntreatment.\n\nMary McMahon\n\nEver since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has\nembraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer.\nMary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time\nreading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\n\nMary McMahon\n\nEver since she began contributing to the site several years ago, Mary has\nembraced the exciting challenge of being a wiseGEEK researcher and writer.\nMary has a liberal arts degree from Goddard College and spends her free time\nreading, cooking, and exploring the great outdoors.\n\n## You might also Like\n\n## Recommended\n\n## Readers Also Love\n\n## Related wiseGEEK Articles\n\n * What Are the Benefits of Acupressure for Feet?\n * What is Zone Therapy?\n * What is Jin Shin Jyutsu?\n * What is Tapas Acupressure Technique?\n\n## Discussion Comments\n\nanon995844 June 1, 2016\n\nReflexology dates back over 5000 years to Egypt, Thailand and India. Dr.\nWilliam Fitzgerald began using Reflexology for anaesthetic purposes in 1910,\nand then Eunice Ingham (the mother of Reflexology) introduced it to the\nwestern medical community in 1970. Reflexology also involves the whole body by\npracticing on the reflex points on the feet, hands, face and ears. If you are\ninterested in Reflexology, talk to a reflexology practitioner for more\ninformation.\n\nQuirkyMango October 31, 2014\n\nI have suffered from migraines for years and tried about every medications and\nalternative treatment out there. Reflexology was my last attempt. I really\ndidn't know if it was all hype, or if it would actually work, but it did. I\nhave fewer migraines now, and when I do get one, it doesn't last as long.\n\nMy family doctor told me it was fine to continue with the reflexology as long\nas long as it helps.\n\nBouncingKiwi October 30, 2014\n\nHow strange. I actually prefer acupressure treatments over reflexology\ntreatments. The reflexology pressure points don't really do it for me. I mean,\nit's an awesome foot or hand massage, but it doesn't have any long-lasting\neffects for me.\n\nOn the other hand, an hour-long acupressure session feels great and afterwards\nI don't have any pain in my left elbow, my problem area, for weeks and weeks.\nI guess some of us take better to reflexology than acupressure and vice versa.\n\nRobottom October 29, 2014\n\nMe too! I have had hand reflexology services performed at least a dozen times\nfor my migraine headache problem. Recently, I decided to have whole-body\nacupressure treatments instead. Well, I have to say that I felt really relaxed\nthroughout the treatment, but when it was over the effects of it started to\nfade immediately.\n\nShaneGang October 29, 2014\n\nI suffered from fibromyalgia for almost 7 years so I have had several\nreflexology and acupressure treatments. The pressure points are completely\ndifferent and the techniques can vary widely according to the practitioner.\n\nWhile they were both beneficial to my condition, I found that reflexology had\nthe greater impact on my health. As weird as this may sound, I found that if a\nsmaller area of my body was manipulated a larger area of my body found more,\nlonger-lasting pain relief.\n\n###### Post your comments\n\n📦Amazon Doesn't Want You to Know About This Plugin\n\nLearn about a little known plugin that tells you if you're getting the best\nprice on Amazon.\n\n04\n\nMinutes\n\n00\n\nSeconds\n\n * It is believed that a reflexology massage to the foot can decrease pain and stress throughout the entire body.\n * Acupressure utilizes the same set of points as acupuncture does along a line that runs along specific parts of the body, known as a meridian.\n * Reflexology is considered a non-invasive form of bodywork.\n * Reflexology can be used to treat migraines.\n * Acupressure is similar to acupuncture but uses no needles.\n * Pressure points may be found on the hands and can correspond to different organs.\n * Acupressure relies on the principles of Traditional Chinese Medicine.\n * Acupressure and acupuncture use the concept of a meridian to locate and treat issues throughout the body, while reflexology focuses only on the feet.\n\nClear answers for common questions\n\nCopyright 2003 - 2021 Conjecture Corporation\n\nFollow @wiseGEEK\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170711174324/https://www.eclecticenergies.com/acupressure/howto.php",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to apply acupressure",
"passages": [
"Acupressure (sometimes written as \"accupressure\") is a technique related to acupuncture, where the energies of the body are regulated by manipulating points on the body. This has effects on the emotions, tension and physical conditions.",
"There are two ways that acupressure points are manipulated: pressing (reinforcing) and reducing them. Most are probably familiar with the first, but not with the second method.",
"To press points, use something blunt. Usually the fingers are used to press, but I find that for many points the fingers may be a bit too thick, so you'd have to press quite long and firmly. Ideal would be something 3 to 4 mm thick, like a (preferably used) pencil eraser that's on the other side of a pencil. Some points can be pressed using a fingernail.",
"Pressing points for less than half a second can already have a distinguishable effect. So for just trying out a point you could press it only briefly. To get a full effect however, pressure should be applied for at least half a minute, but preferably longer. One to two minutes should do.",
"To reduce a point, turn a finger over it in counter-clockwise direction, also for one to two minutes. (What happens when you do this is explained in \"What manipulation of points brings about.\") Clicking on the picture of points that need to be reduced displays a video showing how this is performed (clicking again stops the video).",
"I think it's a good idea not to get into the habit of doing the same points every day. Do them when you feel you need them, don't overdo it. Pay attention to what effects points have on you.",
"If you're weakened (from age, disease or whatever), be sure to not reduce points more often then necessary. You could also additionally press these points for a few seconds.",
"You may not be pressing on the exact right spot (acupuncture points are about 0.5 mm diameter, so you'll have to be precise). Try different spots around the location you first tried.",
"You shouldn't press lightly, but you shouldn't hurt yourself either. Also, don't press for just a few seconds (although if you're very sensitive you might already notice effects then).",
"To feel if acupressure is working (for knowing that the location of the point is accurate), I usually sense what's happening in my face. Almost all points in the list on this site have some effect here. Many of the points also have some subtle effect on the quality of vision. You may see more clearly and more colors. Meditation will develop your ability to feel the effects.",
"If you're using a point quite often, or if you don't need a point, the effect may become very little or unnoticeable.",
"If you're tense, you may not feel much, although usually you'll become less tense by using the techniques on this site.",
"To be able to use information from other sources for locating points, you'll need to know what the \"cun\" is.",
"The \"cun\" is the standard unit of measurement for the body used in acupuncture. As everyone's body has different dimensions, it is defined according to the person whose body is to be treated.",
"1 cun = width of the thumb, in the middle, at the crease 3 cun = combined breadth of the 4 fingers, at the level of the pinky finger's first joint above the palm of the hand 12 cun = the distance from the elbow crease to the wrist crease.",
"Acupuncture points can be manipulated in various ways. To keep things simple, acupressure books usually just mention pressing the points.",
"If you've ever seen an acupuncturist you may have noticed that he will turn needles after inserting them or do other manipulations. Acupuncturists also apply heat by burning stuff called \"moxa\" or using a laser, or apply electric currents.",
"By simply pressing a point, you are reinforcing it. You, thereby, increase energy in areas that the point influences. Reducing a point is actually not the opposite of reinforcing it. By reducing, you remove a blockage of energy. A blockage may be felt as tension, pain or heat. Energy accumulates there, which starts moving again after removing the blockage. So if you reduce a point after you reinforced it, you get reinforcement and removal of energy blockage. They don't cancel each other out.",
"In acupressure, you can reduce a point by continually moving a finger counterclockwise over it. An acupuncturist will turn his needle immediately after insertion.",
"It's also possible to apply heat to a point to warm it. This is an advanced technique that may injure your energy system, so it's best to stay away from this.",
"As for using needles, I've tried that, but have been discouraged to continue using them by both an acupuncturist and a healer. The acupuncturist thought it was dangerous because you can damage tissue, and difficult as you can't access points that well yourself. You may damage blood vessels, nerves, tendons or bone, which can all be quite painful. On the breast or shoulders, you may puncture the lung.",
"On an energetic level, the fear that comes with using needles on yourself may damage the First Chakra. This may worsen your problems.",
"I found that I feel more clearly what's happening in my body from acupressure than from acupuncture, whether administered by a licensed acupuncturist or by myself.",
"I devised a safe and effective way to press acupuncture points for an extended period of time. I use adhesive tape for use on skin to press ball-bearing balls on points. It doesn't work with all points (e.g. it does not work well for ST-36, the point beneath the knees) but for many it's quite good.",
"The metal balls I use are 4 mm diameter and I apply nylon rings (also bought at a hardware store) on top of them to supply a larger surface to the tape. The inside diameter of the nylon rings should be 3 mm. Perhaps you could also use the more common metal rings, but for some indefinite reason I prefer the nylon variety. The rings avoid bulging and thus press the ball a bit deeper into the skin."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to apply acupressure\n\n≡ Menu\n\nChakras\n\nAcupressure\n\nExercises\n\nEnneagram\n\nI Ching\n\nEgo\n\nAcupressure\n\n#### Acupressure\n\nHow to Index All points\n\n#### Background Info\n\nEmotions\n\nde nl\n\n#### Elsewhere\n\nBooks Links\n\n#### Buy\n\nBuy all articles in one file\n\nWritten by © Ewald Berkers\n\n# How to apply acupressure\n\n * What is acupressure?\n\n * Acupressure techniques: Pressing and reducing points\n * Feeling if it works\n * Using information from other sources (\"cun\")\n * What manipulation of points brings about\n * Why you shouldn't use needles\n * Using little balls and tape\n\n## What is acupressure?\n\nAcupressure (sometimes written as \"accupressure\") is a technique related to\nacupuncture, where the energies of the body are regulated by manipulating\npoints on the body. This has effects on the emotions, tension and physical\nconditions.\n\nThe points are commonly called \"acupuncture points,\" \"pressure points,\"\n\"acupoints\" or \"acupressure points.\"\n\n## Acupressure techniques: Pressing and reducing points\n\nThere are two ways that acupressure points are manipulated: pressing\n(reinforcing) and reducing them. Most are probably familiar with the first,\nbut not with the second method.\n\nTo press points, use something blunt. Usually the fingers are used to press,\nbut I find that for many points the fingers may be a bit too thick, so you'd\nhave to press quite long and firmly. Ideal would be something 3 to 4 mm thick,\nlike a (preferably used) pencil eraser that's on the other side of a pencil.\nSome points can be pressed using a fingernail.\n\nPressing points for less than half a second can already have a distinguishable\neffect. So for just trying out a point you could press it only briefly. To get\na full effect however, pressure should be applied for at least half a minute,\nbut preferably longer. One to two minutes should do.\n\nTo reduce a point, turn a finger over it in counter-clockwise direction, also\nfor one to two minutes. (What happens when you do this is explained in \"What\nmanipulation of points brings about.\") Clicking on the picture of points that\nneed to be reduced displays a video showing how this is performed (clicking\nagain stops the video).\n\nI think it's a good idea not to get into the habit of doing the same points\nevery day. Do them when you feel you need them, don't overdo it. Pay attention\nto what effects points have on you.\n\nIf you're weakened (from age, disease or whatever), be sure to not reduce\npoints more often then necessary. You could also additionally press these\npoints for a few seconds.\n\nDo a point on both sides of the body.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Feeling if it works\n\nWhen you are not feeling any effects from pressing points, several things may\nbe the case.\n\nYou may not be pressing on the exact right spot (acupuncture points are about\n0.5 mm diameter, so you'll have to be precise). Try different spots around the\nlocation you first tried.\n\nYou shouldn't press lightly, but you shouldn't hurt yourself either. Also,\ndon't press for just a few seconds (although if you're very sensitive you\nmight already notice effects then).\n\nTo feel if acupressure is working (for knowing that the location of the point\nis accurate), I usually sense what's happening in my face. Almost all points\nin the list on this site have some effect here. Many of the points also have\nsome subtle effect on the quality of vision. You may see more clearly and more\ncolors. Meditation will develop your ability to feel the effects.\n\nIf you're using a point quite often, or if you don't need a point, the effect\nmay become very little or unnoticeable.\n\nIf you're tense, you may not feel much, although usually you'll become less\ntense by using the techniques on this site.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Using information from other sources (\"cun\")\n\nTo be able to use information from other sources for locating points, you'll\nneed to know what the \"cun\" is.\n\nThe \"cun\" is the standard unit of measurement for the body used in\nacupuncture. As everyone's body has different dimensions, it is defined\naccording to the person whose body is to be treated.\n\n1 cun = width of the thumb, in the middle, at the crease 3 cun = combined\nbreadth of the 4 fingers, at the level of the pinky finger's first joint above\nthe palm of the hand 12 cun = the distance from the elbow crease to the wrist\ncrease.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## What manipulation of points brings about\n\nAcupuncture points can be manipulated in various ways. To keep things simple,\nacupressure books usually just mention pressing the points.\n\nIf you've ever seen an acupuncturist you may have noticed that he will turn\nneedles after inserting them or do other manipulations. Acupuncturists also\napply heat by burning stuff called \"moxa\" or using a laser, or apply electric\ncurrents.\n\nBy simply pressing a point, you are reinforcing it. You, thereby, increase\nenergy in areas that the point influences. Reducing a point is actually not\nthe opposite of reinforcing it. By reducing, you remove a blockage of energy.\nA blockage may be felt as tension, pain or heat. Energy accumulates there,\nwhich starts moving again after removing the blockage. So if you reduce a\npoint after you reinforced it, you get reinforcement and removal of energy\nblockage. They don't cancel each other out.\n\nIn acupressure, you can reduce a point by continually moving a finger\ncounterclockwise over it. An acupuncturist will turn his needle immediately\nafter insertion.\n\nIt's also possible to apply heat to a point to warm it. This is an advanced\ntechnique that may injure your energy system, so it's best to stay away from\nthis.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Why you shouldn't use needles\n\nAs for using needles, I've tried that, but have been discouraged to continue\nusing them by both an acupuncturist and a healer. The acupuncturist thought it\nwas dangerous because you can damage tissue, and difficult as you can't access\npoints that well yourself. You may damage blood vessels, nerves, tendons or\nbone, which can all be quite painful. On the breast or shoulders, you may\npuncture the lung.\n\nOn an energetic level, the fear that comes with using needles on yourself may\ndamage the First Chakra. This may worsen your problems.\n\nUsing needles as an amateur may not even be legal.\n\nI found that I feel more clearly what's happening in my body from acupressure\nthan from acupuncture, whether administered by a licensed acupuncturist or by\nmyself.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n## Using little balls and tape\n\nI devised a safe and effective way to press acupuncture points for an extended\nperiod of time. I use adhesive tape for use on skin to press ball-bearing\nballs on points. It doesn't work with all points (e.g. it does not work well\nfor ST-36, the point beneath the knees) but for many it's quite good.\n\nThe metal balls I use are 4 mm diameter and I apply nylon rings (also bought\nat a hardware store) on top of them to supply a larger surface to the tape.\nThe inside diameter of the nylon rings should be 3 mm. Perhaps you could also\nuse the more common metal rings, but for some indefinite reason I prefer the\nnylon variety. The rings avoid bulging and thus press the ball a bit deeper\ninto the skin.\n\nKeeping the balls in place for 5 - 30 minutes should do.\n\nA similar method is sometimes used for ear acupuncture. Little seeds are then\ntaped to the ear.\n\n[Top of page]\n\n#### You might also be interested in these books about acupressure at Amazon\n\nAcupressure's Potent Points, by Michael Reed Gach A Guide to Self-Care for\nCommon Ailments\n\nInstructions on how to treat common disorders with acupressure. \n \n--- \n \nAcupressure for Emotional Healing, by Michael Reed Gach & Beth Ann Henning A\nSelf-Care Guide for Trauma, Stress, & Common Emotional Imbalances\n\nAcupressure points for emotional ailments, combined with breathing exercises,\nstretches and movement routines. \n \nThe EFT Manual, by Gary Craig Emotional Freedom Techniques\n\nHow to use an acupressure technique of tapping to deal with emotional\nproblems. \n \nThe Joy of Feeling, by Iona Marsaa Teeguarden Bodymind Acupressure\n\nJin Shin Do acupressure helps unblock emotions, making it safe to feel. \n \nSee longer book descriptions\n\nHome | About Disclaimer | Privacy | Advertisements | Feedback | Contact\n\nCopyright Ewald Berkers 2003 - 2017\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180922174306/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/pain-relief-acupressure-foot-points-lv-3-gb-41",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41",
"passages": [
"Acupressure relieves pain relaxes muscular tension, and balances the vital life forces of the body using a system of trigger points. Discover how to pressure two acupressure points on the top of the feet which stimulate the release of neuro-chemicals called endorphins.",
"The mechanism of endorphins is similar to morphine; both mitigate pain and encourage relaxation. However, endorphins are manufactured naturally by the body to promote healing. Acupressure points Lv 3 and GB 41 stimulates this pain relief mechanism, enabling the body to produce its own natural painkillers.",
"Bigger Rushing (Lv 3) is located on the top of the foot, in the groove between the 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones. Above Tears (GB 41) is also on the top of the foot, in the groove between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones.",
"To press these pain relief Acupressure points on top of your foot, press gradually in between the bones until it hurts good. Hold firmly and steadily for 2 minutes as you breathe deeply to relieve foot, leg, hip pain and cramping.",
"For more Pain Relief Acupressure Points and Tips download e-chapters in a painful area you need to relieve by going to: http://acupressure.com/books/Pain_Relief_E-Chapters.htm",
"How to get your acupressure books and cds at Mumbai India. There r lot of fans of acupressure in India. Please do something for easy availability and training. Thanks and God Bless. Naresh Dewan",
"* michael on December 19, 2013 at 4:28 am said:\nTo get Acupressure Materials to India, or anywhere else in the world – I suggest that you order our e-products so you have it fairly instantly without any expensive shipping. Here’s the link to get to all of our e-products:"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41 | Acupressure Points\n\n↓\n\n# Acupressure Points\n\n## Michael Reed Gach - World Expert on Acupressure Therapy\n\n * Blog\n * About\n * Contact\n * Self-Care A-Z\n * Online Trainings\n\n# Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41\n\nAcupressure relieves pain relaxes muscular tension, and balances the vital\nlife forces of the body using a system of trigger points. Discover how to\npressure two acupressure points on the top of the feet which stimulate the\nrelease of neuro-chemicals called endorphins.\n\nThe mechanism of endorphins is similar to morphine; both mitigate pain and\nencourage relaxation. However, endorphins are manufactured naturally by the\nbody to promote healing. Acupressure points Lv 3 and GB 41 stimulates this\npain relief mechanism, enabling the body to produce its own natural\npainkillers.\n\nBigger Rushing (Lv 3) is located on the top of the foot, in the groove between\nthe 1st and 2nd metatarsal bones. Above Tears (GB 41) is also on the top of\nthe foot, in the groove between the 4th and 5th metatarsal bones.\n\nTo press these pain relief Acupressure points on top of your foot, press\ngradually in between the bones until it hurts good. Hold firmly and steadily\nfor 2 minutes as you breathe deeply to relieve foot, leg, hip pain and\ncramping.\n\nFor more Pain Relief Acupressure Points and Tips download e-chapters in a\npainful area you need to relieve by going to:\nhttp://acupressure.com/books/Pain_Relief_E-Chapters.htm\n\nShare\n\n### Comments\n\n#### Pain Relief Acupressure Foot Points: Lv 3 & GB 41 — 3 Comments\n\n 1. charlie on December 18, 2013 at 11:11 pm said:\n\nthank you for this info. would like to take your course but cant afford it.\nthank you\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Naresh Dewan on December 19, 2013 at 3:43 am said:\n\nHow to get your acupressure books and cds at Mumbai India. There r lot of fans\nof acupressure in India. Please do something for easy availability and\ntraining. Thanks and God Bless. Naresh Dewan\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on December 19, 2013 at 4:28 am said:\n\nTo get Acupressure Materials to India, or anywhere else in the world – I\nsuggest that you order our e-products so you have it fairly instantly without\nany expensive shipping. Here’s the link to get to all of our e-products:\n\nhttp://acupressure.com/e-products.htm\n\nJust click on the underlined links. Then the products you want click on the\nyellow button “Add to Cart”\n\nWith healing wishes,\n\nMichael Reed Gach, Ph.D. Healing Resources & Self-Care Books, Charts, CDs,\nDVDs https://www.Acupressure.com\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHome Acupressure Articles E-Products Online Trainings Audio Pain Relief\nBooklets Books Charts DVD’s Flashcards Home Study Discounted Packages New\nProducts Ways to Use Acupressure Acu–Yoga Lovers Acupressure Body Tools Orders\n& Returns Wholesale About the Author\n\n### Quick Index Links:\n\n * Acu-Yoga (2)\n * Acupressure Community (14)\n * Acupressure for Beginners (8)\n * Acupressure for Children (2)\n * Acupressure for Lovers (4)\n * Acupressure Massage (3)\n * Acupressure Points (43)\n * ADD (4)\n * ADHD and Dyslexia (4)\n * Allergies & Hayfever (4)\n * Ankle Pain & Sprains (4)\n * Anxiety & Panic Relief (3)\n * Back Pain & Sciatica (12)\n * Breathing / Chest congestion (5)\n * Chronic Fatigue/Fibromyalgia (14)\n * Colds & Flu (3)\n * Detox & Decongestion (2)\n * Ears (6)\n * Elimination (1)\n * Emotional Healing (14)\n * Eyes (4)\n * Foot Cramps & Cold Feet (2)\n * Headaches & Mental Health (15)\n * Hormones & Glands (3)\n * Humor & Laughter (1)\n * Immune Boosting (3)\n * Jaw Pain & TMJ (1)\n * Knee Pain (4)\n * Learning Disorders (3)\n * Memory & Concentration (6)\n * Metabolism & Appetite (6)\n * Michael's Life Experiences (7)\n * Muscle Stiffness & Pain (2)\n * Nausea & Upset Stomach (2)\n * Nose & Throat (4)\n * Pain Relief (22)\n * Sciatica (4)\n * Self-Care Techniques (16)\n * Sexual or Urinary Problems (3)\n * Sinuses & Congestion (1)\n * Sleep Disorders (4)\n * Spiritual Healing (8)\n * Stress Management (26)\n\n * Diet (2)\n * Exercise & Lifestyle (5)\n * Uncategorized (3)\n * Vertigo, Dizziness, Lightheaded (3)\n * Weight Loss (3)\n * Wellness & Long Life (19)\n * Zen Shiatsu (3)\n\n©2015 Michael Gach Ph.D.\n\n↑\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161130203737/http://aim.bmj.com:80/content/16/2/66.abstract",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu and Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine",
"passages": [
"Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu and Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine",
"Eighteen patients attending an orthopaedic outpatient clinic with a year or more's history of heel pain due to plantar fasciitis were studied. All had had conservative treatment of physiotherapy and shoe-support without significant pain relief before acupuncture was offered, and thus acted as their own controls for the purposes of the study. The following traditional points were needled: Taixi (KI.3), Kunlun (BL.60) and Sanyinjiao (SP.6). Pain was assessed by a 100mm visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment was started and after four, weekly sessions of acupuncture treatment. If complete pain relief was not obtained by the initial four-week treatment, a further two, weekly sessions of the above mentioned acupoints, with the addition of trigger point acupuncture in the gastro-soleus and plantar fascia, was carried out and pain assessed.",
"Patients were also assessed with a verbal rating score to indicate the percentage improvement after acupuncture compared to before treatment. The mean duration of heel pain was 25.11 months (SD 10.68). The VAS data obtained at 4 and 6 weeks of acupuncture treatment showed a statistically highly significant improvement compared to the VAS before acupuncture (p < 0.0009 and p < 0.0001 respectively). Using the Mann-Whitney test, there was a statistically significant difference in VAS obtained at 6 weeks, after trigger point acupuncture had been added for poor responders, compared to that obtained after the first 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment (p < 0.047). Our study demonstrates that acupuncture is effective in treating patients with chronic heel pain due to plantar fasciitis and that the addition of trigger point acupuncture in poor or non-responders may be useful.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis -- Tillu\nand Gupta 16 (2): 66 -- Acupuncture in Medicine\n\nAdvanced search\n\nThis peer-reviewed, international journal presents a scientific approach to\nacupuncture\n\n * Online First\n * Current issue\n * Archive\n * About the journal\n * Submit a paper\n * Subscribe\n * Jobs\n * Help\n\n * Online First\n * Current issue\n * Archive\n * eLetters\n * RSS\n * Topic collections\n\n * Home\n * > Volume 16, Issue 2\n * > Article\n\nAcupunct Med 1998;16:66-68 doi:10.1136/aim.16.2.66\n\n * Contents\n\n# Effect of acupuncture treatment on heel pain due to plantar fasciitis\n\n 1. A Tillu1,\n 2. S Gupta2\n\n 1. ^1 Department of Orthopaedics, Bedford South Wing Hospital\n 2. ^2 Department of Anaesthetics, Bedford South Wing Hospital\n\n 1. Department of Orthopaedics, Bedford South Wing Hospital, Kempston Road, Bedford MK42 9DJ (UK)\n\n## Summary\n\nEighteen patients attending an orthopaedic outpatient clinic with a year or\nmore's history of heel pain due to plantar fasciitis were studied. All had had\nconservative treatment of physiotherapy and shoe-support without significant\npain relief before acupuncture was offered, and thus acted as their own\ncontrols for the purposes of the study. The following traditional points were\nneedled: Taixi (KI.3), Kunlun (BL.60) and Sanyinjiao (SP.6). Pain was assessed\nby a 100mm visual analogue scale (VAS) before treatment was started and after\nfour, weekly sessions of acupuncture treatment. If complete pain relief was\nnot obtained by the initial four-week treatment, a further two, weekly\nsessions of the above mentioned acupoints, with the addition of trigger point\nacupuncture in the gastro-soleus and plantar fascia, was carried out and pain\nassessed.\n\nPatients were also assessed with a verbal rating score to indicate the\npercentage improvement after acupuncture compared to before treatment. The\nmean duration of heel pain was 25.11 months (SD 10.68). The VAS data obtained\nat 4 and 6 weeks of acupuncture treatment showed a statistically highly\nsignificant improvement compared to the VAS before acupuncture (p < 0.0009 and\np < 0.0001 respectively). Using the Mann-Whitney test, there was a\nstatistically significant difference in VAS obtained at 6 weeks, after trigger\npoint acupuncture had been added for poor responders, compared to that\nobtained after the first 4 weeks of acupuncture treatment (p < 0.047). Our\nstudy demonstrates that acupuncture is effective in treating patients with\nchronic heel pain due to plantar fasciitis and that the addition of trigger\npoint acupuncture in poor or non-responders may be useful.\n\n * CiteULike\n * Delicious\n * Digg\n * Facebook\n * Google+\n * Mendeley\n * Reddit\n * Twitter\n\nWhat's this?\n\n### This Article\n\n 1. Abstract\n 2. PDF\n\n#### Services\n\n 1. Email this link to a friend\n 2. Alert me when this article is cited\n 3. Alert me if a correction is posted\n 4. Alert me when eletters are published\n 5. Article Usage Statistics\n 6. Similar articles in this journal\n 7. Similar articles in Web of Science\n 8. Add article to my folders\n 9. Download to citation manager\n 10. Request permissions\n 11. Add to portfolio\n\n#### Responses\n\n 1. Submit a response\n 2. No responses published\n\n#### Citing articles\n\n 1. Load citing article information\n 2. Citing articles via Web of Science\n 3. Citing articles via Scopus\n 4. 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},
{
"original_url": "http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210515180415/http://www.innerpath.com.au/Shiatsuacupressure/Acupressure-points.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Acupressure Points",
"passages": [
"Lung channel Letting Go (Lu 1) In the valley between the shoulder joint and the chest, 2 finger widths bellow the collarbone. Great Abyss (Lu 9) In the groove at the wrist fold below the base of the thumb. Fish Border (Lu 10) On the palm side of the hand in the center of the pad at the base of the thumb.",
"Large Intestine Channel Joining the Valley (LI 4) In the webbing between the thumb and index finger, at the highest spot of the muscle that protrudes when the thumb and index finger are brought close together.",
"Welcoming Perfume (LI 20) On eithercheek, just outside each nostril at the level of the inferior edge of the nose, in the nasa- basilar groove",
"Stomach channel Four Whites (St 2) One finger width below the lower ridge of the eye socket in line with the center of the pupil. Facial Beauty (St 3 ) At the bottom of the cheekbone, directly below the pupil Jaw Chariot (St 6) Between the upper and lower jaw on the masseter muscle that bulges when the back teeth are clenched. Breast Window (St 16) Directly above the breast tissue between the third and fourth ribs. Breast Root (St 18) One rib space under the nipples. Calf's Nose (St 35) Just below the kneecap in the outer indentation. Three Mile Point (St 36) Four finger widths below the kneecap, one finger width to the outside of the leg.",
"Spleen channel Grandfather Grandson (Sp 4) On the arch of the foot, one thumb width in back of the ball of the foot.",
"Sea of blood (Sp 10) 3 finger widths above outside of kneecap. Rushing Door (Sp 12) and Mansion Cottage (Sp 13) Both these points are in the pelvic area where the leg joins the body. Abdominal sorrow (Sp 16) Below the edge of the rib cage one finger width in from the nipple line.",
"Heart channel Spirit Gate (Ht 7) On the little finger side of the forearm at the crease of the wrist.",
"Small Intestine channel Heavenly Appearance (SI 17) In the indentation directly below the earlobe and behind the jawbone. Listening Place (SI 19) Directly in front of the ear opening in a depression which will deepen when the jaw is open.",
"Bladder channel Eyes Bright (Bl 1) In the hollow at the inner corner of the eye just above the tear duct. Drilling Bamboo (Bl 2) In the indentations ousted of the bridge of the nose on the inner edge of the eyebrows. Penetrate Heaven (Bl 7) On the top of the skull, in a line upward from the back of the ears, one thumb width from the center. Heavenly Pillar (Bl 10) One finger width each side of spine, just below skull. Lung Associated (Bl 13) One finger width below the upper tip of the shoulder blade, between the spin and the scapula. Sea of Vitality (Bl 23 & Bl 47) 2 and 4 finger widths away from the spine at waist level. Sacral Points (Bl 27-34) Base of spine. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blades and the spine at the level of the heart. Womb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, and midway between the top of the hipbone (iliac crease) and the base of the buttock. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blade and the spine, one rib below the shoulder blade spine. Commanding Activity (Bl 39) On the outside of the knee, where the crease ends when the knee is bent. Commanding Middle (Bl 40) In the center of the back of the knee crease. Supporting Mountain (Bl 57) Half way up the calf, in the center of the muscle, just as the calf muscle begins to expand. High Mountains (Bl 60) Opposite Ki 3, in the hollow between the outer anklebone and the achilles tendon. Calm Sleep (Bl 62) In the first indentation directly below the outer anklebone. This hollow is 1/3 the distance from the outer anklebone to the bottom of the heel. Reaching Inside (Bl 67) On the outside of the little toe, at the base of the toenail. Womb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, midway between the top of the hipbone and base of the buttock.",
"Bigger Stream (K 3) Midway between the inside of your anklebone and the achilles tendon in the back of your ankle.",
"Blazing Valley (Ki 2) In the middle of the arch of the foot midway between the outer tip of the big toe and the back of the heel. Illuminated Sea (Ki 6) One thumb width below the inside of the anklebone. Nourishing valley (Ki 10) On the inner edge of the knee crease, in the hollow between two tendons. Elegant Mansion (Ki 27) Between the collarbone and the first rib, just outside the breastbone.",
"Pericardium Heavenly Pond (PC 1) One thumb width inside the end of the inside crease of the arm pit. Crooked Marsh (P 3) On the inside of the arm at the lower end of the elbow crease when the arm is bent. Intermediary (PC 5) One palm width above the center of the inner wrist crease, between the tendons. Inner Gate (PC 6) In the middle of the inner side of the forearm between the two tendons, 3 finger widths from the wrist crease. Big Mound (P 7) In the middle of the inside of the wrist crease.",
"Triple Warmer (Sanjiao) channel Active Pond (TW 4) Follow the outside of the arm to the hollow in the center of the wrist at the crease. Outer Gate (TW 5) On the outside of the forearm, midway between the two bones, 2 1/2 finger widths below the wrist crease. Shoulder Meeting Point (TW 13) On the outer surface of the upper arm, one thumb width in back of the base of the upper arm muscle and two finger widths higher up toward the shoulder. Heavenly Rejuvenation (TW 15) On the shoulders, midway between the base of the neck and the outside of the shoulders, one finger width below the top of the shoulders. Wind Screen (TW 17) In the indentation directly below the ear lobe and behind the jawbone.",
"Window of Heaven (TW 16) In the center of the back of the head in the large hollow under the base of the skull. Ear Gate (TW 21) In front of the Ear, one finger breadth above SI 19.",
"Gall Bladder channel Reunion of Hearing (GB 2) In front of the ear, one finger breadth below SI 19. Gates of Consciousness (GB 20) Below the base of the skull, in the hollow between the two large, vertical neck muscles, about a palms width apart.",
"Shoulder Well (GB 21) On the top of the shoulder, directly on the muscle, half way between the mid line and the shoulder tip.",
"Middle of a Person (GB 26) Two thirds of the way up from the upper lip to the nose. Jumping Circle (GB 30) 1/3 of the way from the hip joint bone to the sacrum.",
"Sunny Side of the Mountain (GB 34) On the outside of the lower leg, below and in front of the head of the fibula.",
"Wilderness Mount (GB 40) In the large hollow directly in front of the outer anklebone. Above tears (GB 41) On the top of the foot, one thumb width above the webbing of the fourth and fifth toes in the groove between the bones.",
"Liver channel Travel Between (Liv 2) At the juncture of the big and second toes. Bigger Rushing (Liv 3) On the top of the foot- between the big toe and the second toe.",
"Conception Vessel Gate Origin (CV 4) A palm width below the belly button. Sea of Energy (CV 6) Two finger widths directly below the belly button. Center of Power (CV 12) Half way between the belly button and the bottom of the sternum. Heaven Rushing Out (CV 22) At the base of the throat in the center of the collarbones. Sea of Tranquility (CV 17) In the center of the breast bone, between the nipples.",
"Governing Vessel Wind Mansion (GV 16) At the Top of the Spinal column under the base of the skull. Posterior Summit (GV 19) One thumb width behind top of head (GV 20).",
"One Hundred Meeting Point (GV 20) On the very top of the head. Can be located by moving vertically upward from the top of the ears, and finding the midline.",
"Anterior Summit (GV 21) One thumb width in front of top of head (GV 20). Third Eye Point (GV 24.5) Directly between the eyebrows.",
"Extra Ding Chuan (Extra) To the side and a little above the vertebra that protrudes at the top of the spin when the head is tilted downward."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Acupressure Points\n\nAcupressure\n\nAcupressure points:\n\nLung channel Letting Go (Lu 1) In the valley between the shoulder joint and\nthe chest, 2 finger widths bellow the collarbone. Great Abyss (Lu 9) In the\ngroove at the wrist fold below the base of the thumb. Fish Border (Lu 10) On\nthe palm side of the hand in the center of the pad at the base of the thumb.\n\nLarge Intestine Channel Joining the Valley (LI 4) In the webbing between the\nthumb and index finger, at the highest spot of the muscle that protrudes when\nthe thumb and index finger are brought close together.\n\nCrooked Point (LI 11) Outside end of elbow crease.\n\nOuter Arm Bone (LI 14) Lower point of the deltoid muscle.\n\nWelcoming Perfume (LI 20) On eithercheek, just outside each nostril at the\nlevel of the inferior edge of the nose, in the nasa- basilar groove\n\nStomach channel Four Whites (St 2) One finger width below the lower ridge of\nthe eye socket in line with the center of the pupil. Facial Beauty (St 3 ) At\nthe bottom of the cheekbone, directly below the pupil Jaw Chariot (St 6)\nBetween the upper and lower jaw on the masseter muscle that bulges when the\nback teeth are clenched. Breast Window (St 16) Directly above the breast\ntissue between the third and fourth ribs. Breast Root (St 18) One rib space\nunder the nipples. Calf's Nose (St 35) Just below the kneecap in the outer\nindentation. Three Mile Point (St 36) Four finger widths below the kneecap,\none finger width to the outside of the leg.\n\nSevere Mouth (St 45) On the outside of the base of the second toe nail.\n\nSpleen channel Grandfather Grandson (Sp 4) On the arch of the foot, one thumb\nwidth in back of the ball of the foot.\n\nThree Yin Crossing (Sp 6) A palm width above the inner anklebone close to the\nback of the shinbone.\n\nShady Side of the Mountain (Sp 9)\n\nSea of blood (Sp 10) 3 finger widths above outside of kneecap. Rushing Door\n(Sp 12) and Mansion Cottage (Sp 13) Both these points are in the pelvic area\nwhere the leg joins the body. Abdominal sorrow (Sp 16) Below the edge of the\nrib cage one finger width in from the nipple line.\n\nHeart channel Spirit Gate (Ht 7) On the little finger side of the forearm at\nthe crease of the wrist.\n\nSmall Intestine channel Heavenly Appearance (SI 17) In the indentation\ndirectly below the earlobe and behind the jawbone. Listening Place (SI 19)\nDirectly in front of the ear opening in a depression which will deepen when\nthe jaw is open.\n\nBladder channel Eyes Bright (Bl 1) In the hollow at the inner corner of the\neye just above the tear duct. Drilling Bamboo (Bl 2) In the indentations\nousted of the bridge of the nose on the inner edge of the eyebrows. Penetrate\nHeaven (Bl 7) On the top of the skull, in a line upward from the back of the\nears, one thumb width from the center. Heavenly Pillar (Bl 10) One finger\nwidth each side of spine, just below skull. Lung Associated (Bl 13) One finger\nwidth below the upper tip of the shoulder blade, between the spin and the\nscapula. Sea of Vitality (Bl 23 & Bl 47) 2 and 4 finger widths away from the\nspine at waist level. Sacral Points (Bl 27-34) Base of spine. Vital Diaphragm\n(Bl 38) Between the shoulder blades and the spine at the level of the heart.\nWomb and Vitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, and\nmidway between the top of the hipbone (iliac crease) and the base of the\nbuttock. Vital Diaphragm (Bl 38) Between the shoulder blade and the spine, one\nrib below the shoulder blade spine. Commanding Activity (Bl 39) On the outside\nof the knee, where the crease ends when the knee is bent. Commanding Middle\n(Bl 40) In the center of the back of the knee crease. Supporting Mountain (Bl\n57) Half way up the calf, in the center of the muscle, just as the calf muscle\nbegins to expand. High Mountains (Bl 60) Opposite Ki 3, in the hollow between\nthe outer anklebone and the achilles tendon. Calm Sleep (Bl 62) In the first\nindentation directly below the outer anklebone. This hollow is 1/3 the\ndistance from the outer anklebone to the bottom of the heel. Reaching Inside\n(Bl 67) On the outside of the little toe, at the base of the toenail. Womb and\nVitals (Bl 48) One to two finger widths outside the sacrum, midway between the\ntop of the hipbone and base of the buttock.\n\nKidney channel Bubbling Spring (Ki 1) 2/3 of the distance from the heel to the\nball of the soul.\n\nBigger Stream (K 3) Midway between the inside of your anklebone and the\nachilles tendon in the back of your ankle.\n\nBlazing Valley (Ki 2) In the middle of the arch of the foot midway between the\nouter tip of the big toe and the back of the heel. Illuminated Sea (Ki 6) One\nthumb width below the inside of the anklebone. Nourishing valley (Ki 10) On\nthe inner edge of the knee crease, in the hollow between two tendons. Elegant\nMansion (Ki 27) Between the collarbone and the first rib, just outside the\nbreastbone.\n\nPericardium Heavenly Pond (PC 1) One thumb width inside the end of the inside\ncrease of the arm pit. Crooked Marsh (P 3) On the inside of the arm at the\nlower end of the elbow crease when the arm is bent. Intermediary (PC 5) One\npalm width above the center of the inner wrist crease, between the tendons.\nInner Gate (PC 6) In the middle of the inner side of the forearm between the\ntwo tendons, 3 finger widths from the wrist crease. Big Mound (P 7) In the\nmiddle of the inside of the wrist crease.\n\nTriple Warmer (Sanjiao) channel Active Pond (TW 4) Follow the outside of the\narm to the hollow in the center of the wrist at the crease. Outer Gate (TW 5)\nOn the outside of the forearm, midway between the two bones, 2 1/2 finger\nwidths below the wrist crease. Shoulder Meeting Point (TW 13) On the outer\nsurface of the upper arm, one thumb width in back of the base of the upper arm\nmuscle and two finger widths higher up toward the shoulder. Heavenly\nRejuvenation (TW 15) On the shoulders, midway between the base of the neck and\nthe outside of the shoulders, one finger width below the top of the shoulders.\nWind Screen (TW 17) In the indentation directly below the ear lobe and behind\nthe jawbone.\n\nWindow of Heaven (TW 16) In the center of the back of the head in the large\nhollow under the base of the skull. Ear Gate (TW 21) In front of the Ear, one\nfinger breadth above SI 19.\n\nGall Bladder channel Reunion of Hearing (GB 2) In front of the ear, one finger\nbreadth below SI 19. Gates of Consciousness (GB 20) Below the base of the\nskull, in the hollow between the two large, vertical neck muscles, about a\npalms width apart.\n\nShoulder Well (GB 21) On the top of the shoulder, directly on the muscle, half\nway between the mid line and the shoulder tip.\n\nMiddle of a Person (GB 26) Two thirds of the way up from the upper lip to the\nnose. Jumping Circle (GB 30) 1/3 of the way from the hip joint bone to the\nsacrum.\n\nSunny Side of the Mountain (GB 34) On the outside of the lower leg, below and\nin front of the head of the fibula.\n\nWilderness Mount (GB 40) In the large hollow directly in front of the outer\nanklebone. Above tears (GB 41) On the top of the foot, one thumb width above\nthe webbing of the fourth and fifth toes in the groove between the bones.\n\nLiver channel Travel Between (Liv 2) At the juncture of the big and second\ntoes. Bigger Rushing (Liv 3) On the top of the foot- between the big toe and\nthe second toe.\n\nCrooked Spring (Liv 8) On the inside of the knee, where the crease ends when\nthe knee is bent.\n\nConception Vessel Gate Origin (CV 4) A palm width below the belly button. Sea\nof Energy (CV 6) Two finger widths directly below the belly button. Center of\nPower (CV 12) Half way between the belly button and the bottom of the sternum.\nHeaven Rushing Out (CV 22) At the base of the throat in the center of the\ncollarbones. Sea of Tranquility (CV 17) In the center of the breast bone,\nbetween the nipples.\n\nGoverning Vessel Wind Mansion (GV 16) At the Top of the Spinal column under\nthe base of the skull. Posterior Summit (GV 19) One thumb width behind top of\nhead (GV 20).\n\nOne Hundred Meeting Point (GV 20) On the very top of the head. Can be located\nby moving vertically upward from the top of the ears, and finding the midline.\n\nAnterior Summit (GV 21) One thumb width in front of top of head (GV 20). Third\nEye Point (GV 24.5) Directly between the eyebrows.\n\nExtra Ding Chuan (Extra) To the side and a little above the vertebra that\nprotrudes at the top of the spin when the head is tilted downward.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180919143322/http://www.acupressure.com:80/blog/index.php/ankle-sprain-acupressure-points-for-healing-ankle-pain-ankle-stiffness-sciatica-top-of-foot-pain-and-swollen-ankles",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points: Heal Ankle Pain, Stiffness & Swelling",
"passages": [
"I have successfully used Acupressure Points (GB 40) on my own body and many others for relieving ankle pain, stiffness, ankle sprains, and swelling. These acupressure points, on both ankles, work like a charm.",
"I’m confident I can describe how you can get relief. If you read further and watch my YouTube clip on relieving an ankle sprain. I’ll give you the details necessary for getting good results.",
"GB 40: Good for relieving ankle sprains, sciatica, irritability, stiffness, swollen ankles, and pain on the top of the foot.",
"I’ve gotten great results from using GB 40 on the same side that‘s injured, hurts, or is weak. If you damaged or broke your ankle, or your ankle is weak, painful or extremely fragile – then only use light touch on this Acupressure point. If the light touch is too painful, due to the trauma or injury, press into GB 40 on the opposite side – until your body can handle light pressure on the side of your ankle that hurts.",
"Acupressure Points GB 40 are located in the large hollow directly in front of the outer anklebone. This point relieves ankle problems, sprains, swelling, sciatic pain, and improves the health of your ankle joint. These acupressure points are also good for relieving sciatica, irritability, frustration, and difficulty in making good, wise decisions.",
"How to Apply Pressure: Hold GB 40 for five to ten minutes, alternating every sixty seconds or so between light and firm pressure gradually. At the end of holding the point, use light touch, without pressure for at least a minute, as you breathe deeply.",
"Acupressure Directions & Indications: To maximize the healing benefits in the ankle, hold GB 40 until you feel an even pulse at the point. After using this point for a few days, if you find you’re getting a clearer or well defined pulsation at the point sooner, be encouraged to continue; you’re getting the healing energy to flow through the ankle joint.",
"Ankle pain, ankle stiffness, ankle sprains, and swollen ankles are common complaints among people with previous injuries, overweight conditions, and athletes.",
"I’ve been dealing with a weak/sore ankle for quite some time and want to give this a shot so I can get back to normal martial arts training. Can you just use a finger or is it better to use some kind of tool? What are you using in the video?",
"* michael on February 28, 2012 at 7:34 pm said:\nI am using my own finger in the video demonstration. The human hand is the most natural, has the ability to feel for the indentation, and can channel healing energy. However, there is nothing wrong with using a tool to obtain pressure on Acupressure points, if you have difficulty using your fingers to apply pressure. This spring, I plan to present some great acupressure tools to enable you to get good pressure to activate the acupressure points and healing energy within your body without straining. I value good tools in all aspects of life. So you do not have to spend money to stimulate the acupressure points to heal yourself, try using an avocado pit, a golf ball in the palm of your hand, or the end of a pencil eraser. Be sure to apply the pressure gradually, hold in as you take deep breaths, and focus on releasing the pressure gradually too – for best results.",
"This GB 40 acupressure point is great for strengthening a weak/sore ankle and increases healing in the area. Please continue using this point and let me know your results.",
"* michael on February 29, 2012 at 6:31 am said:\nGB 40 balances the energy in the Gall Bladder meridian. That’s why these acupressure points, on both sides, are used to relieve general stiffness, judgmental attitudes, irritability, frustration, side aches, gas pains, feeling stuck or depressed, mental distress, indecision, overwhelm, repressed anger, and headaches. This also is a good acupressure point to use on people who eat too much junk food, especially chips that are fried, butter, and other rich foods in addition to relieving ankle problems.",
"Hai Michael, I have a 12 yrs old autism son and quite hyper and i have send him to a special school for the last 7 yrs but the result is not encouraging . Could you advise me whether the treatment with certain acupressure points that can stimulate his speech (especially) and fingers (problem with writing). Appreciate your advise.tq",
"* michael on March 1, 2012 at 6:11 am said:\nI appreciate the care you have given and want to give your son. To be effective, I believe that many aspects need to happen; acupressure and bodywork is just one of them. Your son needs mentors that he likes, and trusts who take him to new, exciting places – sometimes physically, sometimes mentally or intellectually, and certainly emotionally. The scope must include his life style and what he eats. Every autistic child responds differently. Use whole foods and strictly limit foods that contain sugar and salt. Try homeopathic medicine as well as Applied Educational Kinesiology like the Brain Gym. Acupressure points GB 20, GV 16 under the base of the skull and St 36 will certainly be helpful and part of the whole treatment.",
"Pranams. In one of your articles you have mentioned about application of GB 34 and St 36 regularly for toning up muscles. Can these points be useful for my inguinal hernia ? If there are other related points, pl. suggest me.",
"* michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:53 am said:\nFor an Inguinal Hernia: The primary acupressure points for your inguinal hernia is Sp 12 and Sp 13. This is not an instant fix; it takes months to heal and these points will make the healing occur faster and better.",
"* michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:41 am said:\nPlease let me know how it works and if you have any questions. I know it works, because it has healed my own ankle so many times.",
"My wife has bronchial asthma I am giving her all the points which are standard acupressure points which are there. Can you recommend line of treatment to follow and any other tips to be followed. Thanks in advance,",
"* michael on March 3, 2012 at 5:46 pm said:\nThere are a number of blog articles that would help your wife, which I’ll list below. However, to really get a powerful yet simple to do routine, I suggest getting my best selling book called Acupressure’s Potent Points.",
"For Asthma, here are several acupressure points that will help: B13, B 14, Lu 1 and go to: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1310 http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1463",
"Thanks a lot for introducing Point GB 40. I have a fractured plate implanted ankle. i am also fat and weigh 96kgs. It really pains me now. However, i applied acupressure by following your directions, and really i am having relief. Also my gastric trouble is releasing!",
"* michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:41 am said:\nI am thrilled to hear your results – using the acupressure points. For Weight Loss – I have written a routine that uses acupressure with self-massage, gentle stretching, which deep breathing is available as an E-Audio Weight Loss Program.",
"For Less Stress, I suggest you use this DVD – a great set of easy breathing exercises. You’ll be amazed how well these exercises work for getting closer to your well-being – but you have to actually to the exercises – twice a day is best.",
"Hi Michael, I get a lot of pins and needles in my legs riding up & down, could you please guide me with pressure points to release this problem? It is extremely uncomfortable.",
"* michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:22 am said:\nThis point GB 40 presented here can be helpful, but also try these points for your legs: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034",
"Dear Michael, thanks so much for sharing your wisdom here. I have turned a lot of people on to your wonderful book! This point, worked during a reflexology session, worked so well for one of my clients. I held it while cupping the heel and rotated the foot with the other hand.",
"* michael on March 5, 2012 at 1:48 am said:\nThank you so much for referring some many people to my acupressure point books. I think your reflexology application of using this point is excellent.",
"thnks for ankle healing pressure point...i m going to do it to heal my sprain of 5 mths. can u tell me something for fibroids also...thnks in advance.",
"* michael on March 28, 2012 at 3:45 am said:\nAcupressure points in the area of the fibroids may relieve some of the discomfort, but let me be clear that this is not a cure for them. If the fibroids grew to a size that causes more discomfort or any disfunction, I suggest you get medical attention and care. Even in traditional Chinese medicine, surgery is used as a valid last resort.",
"Hi there I have pain that is right where the GB40 spot is, I thought it could be my AFTL. I can walk with no pain, but it also hurts on my shin muscle below the knee and my hip/lower back. Can this method help, is it a sciatica problem? Please help thank you!",
"* michael on April 18, 2012 at 7:21 am said:\nFor Pain below the Knee (near the shin): I want to give you a couple other acupressure points to practice in addition to GB 40, which I hope you’ll continue using. Here are the acupressure points for relieving muscular pain in the knees, shins, and lower back: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034",
"For Lower Back Pain: Try using ice before you go to bed, for at least 30 days and hold the lower back acupressure points as illustrated here: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1248",
"* michael on April 18, 2012 at 6:58 am said:\nIf your ankle pain is on the top of your foot or goes into the outer side of your ankle, the directions in this blog and video clip are excellent – hold these acupressure points (GB 40 on both sides) for a few minutes, several times a day. Experiment with more pressure, less pressure, with more time and repetitions, with ice on the points, with ice on the painful area, etc. I encourage you to keep up, practicing acupressure especially when you find its hurting while laying in bed.",
"Hello Sir, I am suffering from ankle ligament tear of right foot-right ankle from last 10 months. As per MRI, it shows partial ligament tear. I have consulted many doctors in India, but I have not got relief from my pain. Whenever i walk for more than 5 minutes, my whole foot starts paining and i started limping while walking. I have flat foot also. i have done 20 sittings of physiotherapy which includes ultrasonic waves, Interferential therapy but all in vain. Kindly suggest me wthere i get any help from accupressure/accupuncture therapy?? And if yes then why an orthopaedic doctor suggest about accupressure/accupuncture??",
"* michael on May 27, 2012 at 6:49 am said:\nIf I could see where your pain originates and where it goes, I could at least suggest some acupressure points. See if you can get a referral in your area for acupuncture or acupressure. If your pain goes through the top of your foot, this acupressure point, GB 40 will be helpful.",
"Hello. I have been suffering from an ongoing ankle pain, inner left ankle, and I kindly want specific advice. I have been told its a blood clot and will be released with hot water massages. I didn’t see a result. What do you suggest?",
"* michael on June 11, 2012 at 8:46 am said:\nI suggest that you go to a doctor to have this examined – if there’s a chance this is a blood clot. The acupressure points on the inside of your ankle, which will probably be quite tender can be helpful, once you see a medical doctor who rules out the blood clot and OKs using gentle finger pressure on the healing points on this acupressure points chart and reflexology charts.",
"Hi Michael – I have a client who is recovering from an injury to the navicular tendon – just on the superior arch of the right foot, proximal to the head of the first metatarsal. She has worn a boot and then a cast for about 6 weeks to allow it to heal, but it is still painful. I have told her about holding the paired master points GB 41/Sp 4 and K 6/Bl 62, for various benefits, including bringing balanced energy into her right foot for healing. Is there anything more about these points or others specifically that you can suggest for self- treatment to speed her healing? Thanks so much for your help! Kathy",
"* michael on August 7, 2012 at 11:32 am said:\nShow her how to find and hold Sp 3 as well as Sp 4 and K 2 using her thumbs, while her fingers get GB 41. Teach her how to go into the points gradually and how to attract a pulse to get the energy flowing, which will decrease her recovery time. I also find applying Zheng Gu Shui, which is an external Chinese analgesic, found in large health food stores and Chines stores with patient medicines, is very helpful for healing injuries. Be careful to not get this in your eyes, arm pits, or private parts.",
"Thank you for your continue mailing your valuable articles. At present I and my Mrs. are suffering from pain in heel and arms. Should we try this GB40 for below foot pain in heel.",
"* michael on August 17, 2012 at 10:38 am said:\nFor your heel pain, also use the ankle points K 4, K 5, and especially K 6 with B 62, You will find illustrations of these points in my Home Study Pack. To relieve your arm pain, I’d need to see a picture of where the point runs in your arm. Usually Si 10 with LI 11, LI 10, TW 5 and P 6 work well.",
"mr. Gach i have seen that GB 40 POINT when perssure is gently applied to it instantly reduce a sprained and grossly swollen ankle it would have been nice to see somthing like that again it was truely amazing Thanks very much sharing this it brought back some memmories."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points: Heal Ankle Pain, Stiffness & Swelling |\nAcupressure Points\n\n↓\n\n# Acupressure Points\n\n## Michael Reed Gach - World Expert on Acupressure Therapy\n\n * Blog\n * About\n * Contact\n * Self-Care A-Z\n * Online Trainings\n\n# Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points for Healing Ankle Pain, Ankle Stiffness,\nSciatica, Top of Foot Pain, and Swollen Ankles*\n\nI have successfully used Acupressure Points (GB 40) on my own body and many\nothers for relieving ankle pain, stiffness, ankle sprains, and swelling. These\nacupressure points, on both ankles, work like a charm.\n\nI’m confident I can describe how you can get relief. If you read further and\nwatch my YouTube clip on relieving an ankle sprain. I’ll give you the details\nnecessary for getting good results.\n\nGB 40: Good for relieving ankle sprains, sciatica, irritability, stiffness,\nswollen ankles, and pain on the top of the foot.\n\nI’ve gotten great results from using GB 40 on the same side that‘s injured,\nhurts, or is weak. If you damaged or broke your ankle, or your ankle is weak,\npainful or extremely fragile – then only use light touch on this Acupressure\npoint. If the light touch is too painful, due to the trauma or injury, press\ninto GB 40 on the opposite side – until your body can handle light pressure on\nthe side of your ankle that hurts.\n\nAcupressure Points GB 40 are located in the large hollow directly in front of\nthe outer anklebone. This point relieves ankle problems, sprains, swelling,\nsciatic pain, and improves the health of your ankle joint. These acupressure\npoints are also good for relieving sciatica, irritability, frustration, and\ndifficulty in making good, wise decisions.\n\nHow to Apply Pressure: Hold GB 40 for five to ten minutes, alternating every\nsixty seconds or so between light and firm pressure gradually. At the end of\nholding the point, use light touch, without pressure for at least a minute, as\nyou breathe deeply.\n\nAcupressure Directions & Indications: To maximize the healing benefits in the\nankle, hold GB 40 until you feel an even pulse at the point. After using this\npoint for a few days, if you find you’re getting a clearer or well defined\npulsation at the point sooner, be encouraged to continue; you’re getting the\nhealing energy to flow through the ankle joint.\n\n_____________________________________________________________\n\n* Ankle pain, ankle stiffness, ankle sprains, and swollen ankles are common complaints among people with previous injuries, overweight conditions, and athletes.\n\nShare\n\n### Comments\n\n#### Ankle Sprain Acupressure Points for Healing Ankle Pain, Ankle Stiffness,\nSciatica, Top of Foot Pain, and Swollen Ankles* — 36 Comments\n\n 1. harish srivastava on February 28, 2012 at 12:00 pm said:\n\nVery interesting and useful article...Thanx.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 2. Lori (Vancouver/Richmond BC Martial Arts/Self-Defense Instructor) on February 28, 2012 at 6:20 pm said:\n\nI’ve been dealing with a weak/sore ankle for quite some time and want to give\nthis a shot so I can get back to normal martial arts training. Can you just\nuse a finger or is it better to use some kind of tool? What are you using in\nthe video?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on February 28, 2012 at 7:34 pm said:\n\nI am using my own finger in the video demonstration. The human hand is the\nmost natural, has the ability to feel for the indentation, and can channel\nhealing energy. However, there is nothing wrong with using a tool to obtain\npressure on Acupressure points, if you have difficulty using your fingers to\napply pressure. This spring, I plan to present some great acupressure tools to\nenable you to get good pressure to activate the acupressure points and healing\nenergy within your body without straining. I value good tools in all aspects\nof life. So you do not have to spend money to stimulate the acupressure points\nto heal yourself, try using an avocado pit, a golf ball in the palm of your\nhand, or the end of a pencil eraser. Be sure to apply the pressure gradually,\nhold in as you take deep breaths, and focus on releasing the pressure\ngradually too – for best results.\n\nThis GB 40 acupressure point is great for strengthening a weak/sore ankle and\nincreases healing in the area. Please continue using this point and let me\nknow your results.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 3. Rev John on February 29, 2012 at 2:52 am said:\n\nThanks for reminding me of the GB 40 acupressure point.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on February 29, 2012 at 6:31 am said:\n\nGB 40 balances the energy in the Gall Bladder meridian. That’s why these\nacupressure points, on both sides, are used to relieve general stiffness,\njudgmental attitudes, irritability, frustration, side aches, gas pains,\nfeeling stuck or depressed, mental distress, indecision, overwhelm, repressed\nanger, and headaches. This also is a good acupressure point to use on people\nwho eat too much junk food, especially chips that are fried, butter, and other\nrich foods in addition to relieving ankle problems.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 4. wan baker on February 29, 2012 at 9:43 am said:\n\nHai Michael, I have a 12 yrs old autism son and quite hyper and i have send\nhim to a special school for the last 7 yrs but the result is not encouraging .\nCould you advise me whether the treatment with certain acupressure points that\ncan stimulate his speech (especially) and fingers (problem with writing).\nAppreciate your advise.tq\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 6:11 am said:\n\nI appreciate the care you have given and want to give your son. To be\neffective, I believe that many aspects need to happen; acupressure and\nbodywork is just one of them. Your son needs mentors that he likes, and trusts\nwho take him to new, exciting places – sometimes physically, sometimes\nmentally or intellectually, and certainly emotionally. The scope must include\nhis life style and what he eats. Every autistic child responds differently.\nUse whole foods and strictly limit foods that contain sugar and salt. Try\nhomeopathic medicine as well as Applied Educational Kinesiology like the Brain\nGym. Acupressure points GB 20, GV 16 under the base of the skull and St 36\nwill certainly be helpful and part of the whole treatment.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 5. Rajkumari on February 29, 2012 at 10:15 am said:\n\nHi using GB 40 is really educative and interesting\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:55 am said:\n\nExcellent. Isn’t Acupressure a wonderful healing art!\n\nReply ↓\n\n 6. R Sampath Kumar on February 29, 2012 at 1:41 pm said:\n\nPranams. In one of your articles you have mentioned about application of GB 34\nand St 36 regularly for toning up muscles. Can these points be useful for my\ninguinal hernia ? If there are other related points, pl. suggest me.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:53 am said:\n\nFor an Inguinal Hernia: The primary acupressure points for your inguinal\nhernia is Sp 12 and Sp 13. This is not an instant fix; it takes months to heal\nand these points will make the healing occur faster and better.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 7. sangeeta melag on March 1, 2012 at 3:52 am said:\n\nthanx for giving ankle pain point i will try\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 1, 2012 at 5:41 am said:\n\nPlease let me know how it works and if you have any questions. I know it\nworks, because it has healed my own ankle so many times.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 8. ATUL.MEHTA. on March 1, 2012 at 8:07 am said:\n\nDear Michael,\n\nMy wife has bronchial asthma I am giving her all the points which are standard\nacupressure points which are there. Can you recommend line of treatment to\nfollow and any other tips to be followed. Thanks in advance,\n\nAtul Mehta.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 5:46 pm said:\n\nThere are a number of blog articles that would help your wife, which I’ll list\nbelow. However, to really get a powerful yet simple to do routine, I suggest\ngetting my best selling book called Acupressure’s Potent Points.\n\nFor Asthma, here are several acupressure points that will help: B13, B 14, Lu\n1 and go to: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1310\nhttp://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1463\n\nReply ↓\n\n 9. Bhuvana on March 2, 2012 at 8:31 am said:\n\nThanks a lot for introducing Point GB 40. I have a fractured plate implanted\nankle. i am also fat and weigh 96kgs. It really pains me now. However, i\napplied acupressure by following your directions, and really i am having\nrelief. Also my gastric trouble is releasing!\n\nCan u suggest some points for reducing fat, and stress?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:41 am said:\n\nI am thrilled to hear your results – using the acupressure points. For Weight\nLoss – I have written a routine that uses acupressure with self-massage,\ngentle stretching, which deep breathing is available as an E-Audio Weight Loss\nProgram.\n\nFor Acupressure Stress Relief DVD I present gentle self-acupressure deep\nbreathing exercises to relieve tension.\n\nFor Less Stress, I suggest you use this DVD – a great set of easy breathing\nexercises. You’ll be amazed how well these exercises work for getting closer\nto your well-being – but you have to actually to the exercises – twice a day\nis best.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 10. Ms. Khush F Dubash on March 2, 2012 at 10:18 am said:\n\nHi Michael, I get a lot of pins and needles in my legs riding up & down, could\nyou please guide me with pressure points to release this problem? It is\nextremely uncomfortable.\n\nThanks much – Ms. Khush\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 3, 2012 at 7:22 am said:\n\nThis point GB 40 presented here can be helpful, but also try these points for\nyour legs: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\n\nReply ↓\n\n 11. Ien van Houten on March 5, 2012 at 1:19 am said:\n\nDear Michael, thanks so much for sharing your wisdom here. I have turned a lot\nof people on to your wonderful book! This point, worked during a reflexology\nsession, worked so well for one of my clients. I held it while cupping the\nheel and rotated the foot with the other hand.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 5, 2012 at 1:48 am said:\n\nThank you so much for referring some many people to my acupressure point\nbooks. I think your reflexology application of using this point is excellent.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 12. reenu on March 27, 2012 at 3:09 pm said:\n\nthnks for ankle healing pressure point...i m going to do it to heal my sprain\nof 5 mths. can u tell me something for fibroids also...thnks in advance.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on March 28, 2012 at 3:45 am said:\n\nAcupressure points in the area of the fibroids may relieve some of the\ndiscomfort, but let me be clear that this is not a cure for them. If the\nfibroids grew to a size that causes more discomfort or any disfunction, I\nsuggest you get medical attention and care. Even in traditional Chinese\nmedicine, surgery is used as a valid last resort.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 13. Ryan on April 16, 2012 at 7:35 am said:\n\nHi there I have pain that is right where the GB40 spot is, I thought it could\nbe my AFTL. I can walk with no pain, but it also hurts on my shin muscle below\nthe knee and my hip/lower back. Can this method help, is it a sciatica\nproblem? Please help thank you!\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on April 18, 2012 at 7:21 am said:\n\nFor Pain below the Knee (near the shin): I want to give you a couple other\nacupressure points to practice in addition to GB 40, which I hope you’ll\ncontinue using. Here are the acupressure points for relieving muscular pain in\nthe knees, shins, and lower back: http://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1034\n\nFor Lower Back Pain: Try using ice before you go to bed, for at least 30 days\nand hold the lower back acupressure points as illustrated here:\nhttp://www.acupressure.com/blog/?p=1248\n\nReply ↓\n\n 14. Ryan on April 16, 2012 at 7:37 am said:\n\nIt mostly hurts at night laying in bed...\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on April 18, 2012 at 6:58 am said:\n\nIf your ankle pain is on the top of your foot or goes into the outer side of\nyour ankle, the directions in this blog and video clip are excellent – hold\nthese acupressure points (GB 40 on both sides) for a few minutes, several\ntimes a day. Experiment with more pressure, less pressure, with more time and\nrepetitions, with ice on the points, with ice on the painful area, etc. I\nencourage you to keep up, practicing acupressure especially when you find its\nhurting while laying in bed.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 15. Mayank on May 26, 2012 at 1:13 pm said:\n\nHello Sir, I am suffering from ankle ligament tear of right foot-right ankle\nfrom last 10 months. As per MRI, it shows partial ligament tear. I have\nconsulted many doctors in India, but I have not got relief from my pain.\nWhenever i walk for more than 5 minutes, my whole foot starts paining and i\nstarted limping while walking. I have flat foot also. i have done 20 sittings\nof physiotherapy which includes ultrasonic waves, Interferential therapy but\nall in vain. Kindly suggest me wthere i get any help from\naccupressure/accupuncture therapy?? And if yes then why an orthopaedic doctor\nsuggest about accupressure/accupuncture??\n\nWaiting for your reply Mayank\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on May 27, 2012 at 6:49 am said:\n\nIf I could see where your pain originates and where it goes, I could at least\nsuggest some acupressure points. See if you can get a referral in your area\nfor acupuncture or acupressure. If your pain goes through the top of your\nfoot, this acupressure point, GB 40 will be helpful.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 16. Nina Chowdhury on June 9, 2012 at 10:35 pm said:\n\nHello. I have been suffering from an ongoing ankle pain, inner left ankle, and\nI kindly want specific advice. I have been told its a blood clot and will be\nreleased with hot water massages. I didn’t see a result. What do you suggest?\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on June 11, 2012 at 8:46 am said:\n\nI suggest that you go to a doctor to have this examined – if there’s a chance\nthis is a blood clot. The acupressure points on the inside of your ankle,\nwhich will probably be quite tender can be helpful, once you see a medical\ndoctor who rules out the blood clot and OKs using gentle finger pressure on\nthe healing points on this acupressure points chart and reflexology charts.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 17. Kathy Lorenz on August 6, 2012 at 1:47 am said:\n\nHi Michael – I have a client who is recovering from an injury to the navicular\ntendon – just on the superior arch of the right foot, proximal to the head of\nthe first metatarsal. She has worn a boot and then a cast for about 6 weeks to\nallow it to heal, but it is still painful. I have told her about holding the\npaired master points GB 41/Sp 4 and K 6/Bl 62, for various benefits, including\nbringing balanced energy into her right foot for healing. Is there anything\nmore about these points or others specifically that you can suggest for self-\ntreatment to speed her healing? Thanks so much for your help! Kathy\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on August 7, 2012 at 11:32 am said:\n\nShow her how to find and hold Sp 3 as well as Sp 4 and K 2 using her thumbs,\nwhile her fingers get GB 41. Teach her how to go into the points gradually and\nhow to attract a pulse to get the energy flowing, which will decrease her\nrecovery time. I also find applying Zheng Gu Shui, which is an external\nChinese analgesic, found in large health food stores and Chines stores with\npatient medicines, is very helpful for healing injuries. Be careful to not get\nthis in your eyes, arm pits, or private parts.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 18. Radhey Shyam Sawhney on August 16, 2012 at 10:53 am said:\n\nSir,\n\nThank you for your continue mailing your valuable articles. At present I and\nmy Mrs. are suffering from pain in heel and arms. Should we try this GB40 for\nbelow foot pain in heel.\n\nReply ↓\n\n * michael on August 17, 2012 at 10:38 am said:\n\nFor your heel pain, also use the ankle points K 4, K 5, and especially K 6\nwith B 62, You will find illustrations of these points in my Home Study Pack.\nTo relieve your arm pain, I’d need to see a picture of where the point runs in\nyour arm. Usually Si 10 with LI 11, LI 10, TW 5 and P 6 work well.\n\nReply ↓\n\n 19. ford on March 22, 2013 at 12:59 am said:\n\nmr. Gach i have seen that GB 40 POINT when perssure is gently applied to it\ninstantly reduce a sprained and grossly swollen ankle it would have been nice\nto see somthing like that again it was truely amazing Thanks very much sharing\nthis it brought back some memmories.\n\nReply ↓\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHome Acupressure Articles E-Products Online Trainings Audio Pain Relief\nBooklets Books Charts DVD’s Flashcards Home Study Discounted Packages New\nProducts Ways to Use Acupressure Acu–Yoga Lovers Acupressure Body Tools Orders\n& Returns Wholesale About the Author\n\n### Quick Index Links:\n\n * Acu-Yoga (2)\n * Acupressure Community (14)\n * Acupressure for Beginners (8)\n * Acupressure for Children (2)\n * Acupressure for Lovers (4)\n * Acupressure Massage (3)\n * Acupressure Points (43)\n * ADD (4)\n * ADHD and Dyslexia (4)\n * Allergies & Hayfever (4)\n * Ankle Pain & Sprains (4)\n * Anxiety & Panic Relief (3)\n * Back Pain & Sciatica (12)\n * Breathing / Chest congestion (5)\n * Chronic Fatigue/Fibromyalgia (14)\n * Colds & Flu (3)\n * Detox & Decongestion (2)\n * Ears (6)\n * Elimination (1)\n * Emotional Healing (14)\n * Eyes (4)\n * Foot Cramps & Cold Feet (2)\n * Headaches & Mental Health (15)\n * Hormones & Glands (3)\n * Humor & Laughter (1)\n * Immune Boosting (3)\n * Jaw Pain & TMJ (1)\n * Knee Pain (4)\n * Learning Disorders (3)\n * Memory & Concentration (6)\n * Metabolism & Appetite (6)\n * Michael's Life Experiences (7)\n * Muscle Stiffness & Pain (2)\n * Nausea & Upset Stomach (2)\n * Nose & Throat (4)\n * Pain Relief (22)\n * Sciatica (4)\n * Self-Care Techniques (16)\n * Sexual or Urinary Problems (3)\n * Sinuses & Congestion (1)\n * Sleep Disorders (4)\n * Spiritual Healing (8)\n * Stress Management (26)\n\n * Diet (2)\n * Exercise & Lifestyle (5)\n * Uncategorized (3)\n * Vertigo, Dizziness, Lightheaded (3)\n * Weight Loss (3)\n * Wellness & Long Life (19)\n * Zen Shiatsu (3)\n\n©2015 Michael Gach Ph.D.\n\n↑\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200119214718/http://www.qi-journal.com:80/AcuModel.asp",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Qi Journal: Interactive Acupuncture Model",
"passages": [
"You can also select an Acupuncture Meridian (Channel) in the left column to see a listing of the acu-points asssociated with it."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Qi Journal: Interactive Acupuncture Model\n\nHome Page | Acupuncture & Acupressure | Tuina, Shiatsu, & Massage | Trad.\nChinese Medicine | Check Your Shopping Basket \n \n--- \n \nNavigation Menu:\n\nInteractive Acupuncture Model\n\nUse the small figure above and select a section that you wish to display and\nbrowse.\n\nMeridians:\n\nIntroduction & Instructions The Lung Meridian The Large Intestine The Stomach\nThe Spleen The Heart The Small Intestine The Urinary Bladder The Kidney The\nPericardium Triple Heater (San Jiao) The Gall Bladder The Liver\n\nThe DU (Back Midline) The REN (Front Midline)\n\n|\n\nWelcome to our unique Acu-Point Model\n\nFollow the simple steps listed above... just point, click & Learn.\n\nYou can also select an Acupuncture Meridian (Channel) in the left column to\nsee a listing of the acu-points asssociated with it.\n\nInformation is provided for educational purposes only. Always consult a health\ncare professional.\n\n©2011 Insight Publishing, Inc.\n\n|\n\nQi Catalog\n\nSport and T-Shirts\n\nIntroducing new Long Sleeve UltraCotton T-shirts. See info here.\n\nGlass Pendants\n\nNew line of calligraphy-based jewelry\n\nIndex of Online Articles\n\nGet special offers & updates: \n \n---|---|--- \n \nAcupuncture | Herbs & Diet | Taijiquan/Internal Arts | Qi Journal | Qigong &\nMeditation | Culture & Philosophy | Feng Shui | Qi Catalog\n\n"
}
] |
2,289,566 | How To Flirt Without Being Annoying | Flirting is fun, and if you choose subtle ways to go about it, you can avoid being annoying! One of the simplest ways to flirt over text is to let your humor shine through. For instance, you could text them a fun, silly greeting or send a few fun emojis. If you want to keep the conversation going, make sure to ask open-ended questions like “How was your day?” or “What have you been up to this weekend?” If you don’t hear from them for a while, take a break from texting them so you don’t seem desperate. If you’re flirting face to face, make eye contact and smile, which will go a long way! Don’t make eye contact for too long though, since this can come off as creepy. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170608043341/http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161120120753/http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/"
] | train | 1,849 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170608043341/http://www.scienceofpeople.com/2013/07/body-language-of-attraction/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Body Language of Attraction",
"passages": [
"Body language is an essential ingredient of attraction. When we talk about love, dating and romance, body language plays a big role.",
"To understand modern day nonverbal signals of attraction it is helpful to look at the history of where our body language comes from. Our caveman ancestors used the same body language we use today. Here are the messages we are trying to send with our body language to potential mates, and what is seen as attractive:",
"Rutgers University anthropologist Helen Fisher, says that the human body knows within one second whether someone’s physically attractive or not. Here are the body language cues that humans find most attractive:",
"Availability: Both males and females find people with available body language the most attractive. Available body language is smiling, uncrossed arms, uncrossed legs and upward gazing (not looking down at shoes or phones).",
"Fertility: From an evolutionary perspective, humans are tuned into body language cues that signal fertility and youth. Luckily, these can be emphasized with body language. For men, standing up straight, squaring the shoulders, planting feet slightly more than shoulder width apart and displaying hands are all signs of fertility. For a woman, keeping your hair down, tilting your head to expose pheromones and keeping hands and wrists visible to display the soft skin of the wrists are highly attractive for men.",
"Once our mind decides we like someone as a potential mate our body automatically begins to change physically to attract the person. Our cheeks flush to make us look like we are aroused, our lips swell to look more fertile and even our pheromones pump to attract the other person. There are a few things we can do to attract a mate from a body language perspective.",
"Lean In: Leaning towards someone is a nonverbal way of telling them you are engaged. This works especially well if you are in a group of people and you are interested in one person in the group. A way to show them you are interested is by leaning towards them. This subconsciously will pull them in your direction.",
"Head Tilting: Head tilting shows interest and engagement. If you are speaking with someone, let them know you are present and interested by tilting your head and gazing at them. Be sure to not look over their head or around the room, this shows lack of interest and sensitivity.",
"So, what are the actual signs of attraction? How do they come out in the body? Here are some body language cues for attraction:",
"When we are attracted to someone, blood will flow to our face, causing our cheeks to get red. This happens to mimic the orgasm effect where we get flushed. It is an evolutionary way the body tries to attract the opposite sex. This is why women wear blush. This also happens with lips and eyes. The redder the lips and the whiter the eyes the more fertile and attractive someone is.",
"Purse behavior is a form of nonverbal communication. It is how someone interacts with their environment based on their emotions. The purse is an interesting indicator of nonverbal behavior. For example, if a woman is feeling uncomfortable or not attracted to someone she will either clutch her bag tightly or place it in front of or covering her body. When a woman is attracted to a man she literally and figuratively wants nothing to stand in the way between her and her man. If she is loosely holding her purse and it is not blocking her front this shows she is at ease and feels more attraction. Better yet, if she puts it on the floor, a nearby table or on the back of the chair she wants it out of the way for her interactions with you. [Please note context here, if you are in a very public or potentially dangerous location she could be gripping her purse for safety concerns, but in a casual place or on a date this can be a good indicator].",
"I was actually at a singles event the other night and watched a man and woman talking. The woman had her purse partially blocking her body and was tightly gripping the handle under her arm. Then the man told her he was a doctor and the woman literally swung her purse up and over her shoulder out of the way. It was amazing.",
"“He makes my heart race” is no cliche. Studies have found that when someone is near an attractive person their heart rate increases. AND this works both ways. Researchers tried increasing someone’s heart rate and then put him or her near a stranger. This then artificially made the person seem even more attractive. People seem more attractive when our heart is racing. I wouldn’t recommend taking someone’s pulse on a date or in a bar, but you can see someone’s breathing rate increase and you can feel the heat of their palm if you are holding their hand and want to go in for a kiss.",
"The feet serve as a direct reflection of a person’s attitude. The key is to recognize where a person’s feet are pointed. When the feet are pointed directly toward another person, this is a sign of attraction, or at the very least, genuine interest. If, on the other hand, the feet are pointed away or towards the exit, this means that signs of attraction are probably not present.",
"We like to think we are great at spotting lies—but on average we can only detect deception with about 54% accuracy. That’s barely better than chance!",
"We should all know how to have more honest interactions. We should all be able to protect ourselves from liars. We should all be able to decode hidden emotions.",
"Vanessa Van Edwards is a published author and behavioral investigator. She is a Huffington Post columnist and her courses and research has been featured on CNN, Forbes, Business Week and the Wall Street Journal. As a published Penguin author, Vanessa regularly speaks and appears in the media to talk about her research. She is a sought after consultant and speaker.",
"I think knowing these cues can only give confidence to proceed forward, with less self consciousness, while engaging with someone you find attractive. To know in a few moments that someone is interested would take a great chunk out of the awkwardness I feel when I like someone! The beginning is always the hardest part for me. I think it would free me up to just be myself! Thank you Vanessa!!",
"The beginning is the hardest part for EVERYONE! You are not alone in that at all. Body language can take that edge off...it has for me just giving me something else to focus on other than nerves. Cheers!",
"I have a lot of practice to do. I had no idea I was sending off all of the wrong signals. YIKES!",
"This is so interesting! I’m not in the dating scene anymore (since I’m engaged), but I’m definitely going to use these tips to watch how dates are going and observe people!",
"Classic! Definitely not in the dating space... but will keep an eye out for this in the business realm! Haha",
"I’ve always thought how we think is the way act and vice versa. This is awesome info. Knowing this surf is almost like watching a movie with the sound off but you can tell what’s going on",
"Hi Dave, exactly right! We like to say it’s like seeing the world in High Definition now. 🙂 -Danielle and the Science of People Team",
"Interesting fact about the heart rate, it makes me wonder if a person is more likely to get attention from another person who just stopped exercising.",
"For example if this happens at the gym a guy shows that is healthy (or at least trying to be), and strong, and probably fertile and a girl will be with a high heart rate, flushed, healthy, fertile, etc...",
"Hi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on while at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense. Thanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team",
"Hi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on while at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense. Thanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team",
"I’ve been trained by master pick up artists to point my feet away from women to create attraction as it reveals that I have options with other women.",
"It may convey interest to point towards her, but if you want her to become interested you must show disinterest in the first interaction. Most men are interested in a beautiful women immediately, so being disinterested will make you more interesting and attractive.",
"Hi Alexander, interesting perspective. I know, as a woman, that a man purposely acting disinterested in me would not be attractive in the slightest. If anything, the type of woman you are attracting most likely has incredibly low self-esteem if she’s interested in this disrespectful tactic. -Danielle and the Science of People Team",
"Ok, hey awesome reply. I think the pointing away is meant to be a replacement for the needy body language most men do by leaning in close, giving her their full positive body language while she tries to keep a reasonable distance and is inevitably turned off.",
"A technique to avoid this creepy, needy feeling is by standing side by side the to person you’re talking to. You can get really close without making them feel uncomfortable. Cheers!",
"I definitely see where you’re coming from. In no way are we condoning being creepy or needy. Creepy is very bad, hah. Standing side-by-side is an alternative if you’re worried about giving off the wrong signals. Look for other signs too: open torso or arms crossed, purse out of the way or clutched in front of her. Thanks for the insight! -Danielle and the Science of People Team",
"Great advice. However, men should never lean in when attempting to attract a female unless she’s speaking and it’s hard to hear her. When he’s speaking to her he should always lean back or sit up straight and speak louder if she can’t hear him. As for women.. leaning in is good. 😉 Thanks.",
"Hi, G. Leaning is not gender-specific. While it may be more common for females to “lean in”, it is perfectly acceptable for males to lean in to show interest during a conversation. The head-tilt is also a great nonverbal technique to show interest for both males and females. Thanks for your comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team",
"After watching 5 Habits of Exceptionally Charismatic People... while it’s true that charismatic people tend to think of the most interesting questions to ask I’ve found in my own experience that wasn’t the case. I am much more reserved more so introverted, sensitive and attentive to other people’s emotions and feelings on a personable level without passing judgment. When conversing with other people I like to engage in conversations that are much more meaningful. I know in my own experience while observing the other person I was conversing with 10/10 I never really had to ask a person to open themselves up to me. I’ve had many experiences where some people felt the need to share their story and open up to me on their own. I’ve always wondered, why is that?",
"These are all great tips with meeting someone in person. I just hope that with the emerging digital age, people won’t forget about these.",
"Your body language must be great Vanessa due to your general physical appearance.So keep on teaching this art of being and you will succeed...",
"What is the male equivalent to the purse? Do men take out their wallets and hold it in front of them ^^ ?",
"Good question, Bella! Men could block with a chair, a notebook or a drink depending on what’s around them. They may also block by crossing their arms. It’s not as easy for them to block since women typically always carry a purse but it can happen if they are feeling uncomfortable or nervous!",
"Probably a briefcase, if a man has one. If he doesn’t, then you have to look for other cues, I suppose. I notice I move my briefcase around in ways just like this article describes, although I never clutch it over my chest.",
"Some of these I have heard before, but something that really intrigued me is that women tend to touch their suprasternal notch when the conversation takes an intimate turn. As soon as Vanessa mentioned that, I thought of times I’ve touched my little “notch” when talking to someone. These are so interesting ! I work at a bar and I see either a lot of dates or a lot of men hitting on women so I want to take all of these body language cues and see if I can see them in action as I people watch at work!! 🙂",
"So is the article correct in the assumption that women who touch their “notch” subconciously are opening up more to the possibility of dating the person they are engaging with? Honestly, I haven’t bought in to it. Maybe some women are just overly sensual. Or maybe they are picturing a different person in that scenario.",
"And to ask is it everyone that understands body language? Because you might be seriously expressing your feelings in body language to your admirer and might seems not to realize your emotions.",
"The available text has to do with the love attraction at the first sight. A signal that one is fertile and available to the opposite sex. I do agree that the attraction changes immediately as the partners reveal their identity. It may be negative or positive depends on the mental aptitude of the one. Such love attraction May continue or may not depends on the mental aptitude of the partners. The text has more to do with the physical love but most of us do not cherish physical love all the time. Healthy life continues with emotional love with some sort of piousness. The text lacks in such attraction of love.",
"Am I correct in concluding that the only way to interpret body language as flirting is if you see more than 2 signs? Because, I see this behavior alot from opposite and same sex genders. I tend to see a variety of body language signals from several different people. I don’t know. It’s all contextual and it’s interesting to see the behavior on a regular basis at work. I notice more at work.",
"There is only one person who has exhibited multiple signs that they might be interested in dating. I like her but I don’t know if I would date her. It’s interesting because I recognize the flirting subconciously and I feed off the flirting and escalate it not really knowing if I am interested in her. It’s only after we get done interacting that I conciously recognized we were flirting. In the moment my brain is asking my body “wth is going on stay on target”. I’m confused. My brain says one thing but my body enjoys the flirting.",
"I think you can separate feeling flattered that someone finds you attractive enough to flirt, and having a further interest in that particular person. They are separate things. Oh, and “I don’t know if I would date them” means you’re not interested in dating them. 🙂"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Body Language of Attraction | Science of People\n\n * Start Here\n * Book\n * Speaking\n * Awesome\n\n# Captivate everyone you meet\n\n## Be the most memorable person in the room with our latest book\n\nBuy Now\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n# Body Language of Attraction\n\nBody language is an essential ingredient of attraction. When we talk about\nlove, dating and romance, body language plays a big role.\n\nSo many people wonder:\n\n“What happened in this relationship?”\n\n“Do they like me?”\n\n“Why didn’t they call?”\n\n> Body language will give you the tools to know where you stand.\n\nThe question is how do we use body language to be attractive and how does body\nlanguage play a role in attraction? I’m currently writing a course about Body\nLanguage and Love and thought it would be fun to do a post on body language\nand attraction as I do my research.\n\n## The Basics of the Body Language of Attraction:\n\nTo understand modern day nonverbal signals of attraction it is helpful to look\nat the history of where our body language comes from. Our caveman ancestors\nused the same body language we use today. Here are the messages we are trying\nto send with our body language to potential mates, and what is seen as\nattractive:\n\n * I’m open\n * I’m harmless\n * I’m interested\n * I’m approachable\n * I’m fertile\n\nThe question is, how does attraction happen?\n\n## Step One: First Impressions\n\nRutgers University anthropologist Helen Fisher, says that the human body knows\nwithin one second whether someone’s physically attractive or not. Here are the\nbody language cues that humans find most attractive:\n\n * Availability: Both males and females find people with available body language the most attractive. Available body language is smiling, uncrossed arms, uncrossed legs and upward gazing (not looking down at shoes or phones).\n * Fertility: From an evolutionary perspective, humans are tuned into body language cues that signal fertility and youth. Luckily, these can be emphasized with body language. For men, standing up straight, squaring the shoulders, planting feet slightly more than shoulder width apart and displaying hands are all signs of fertility. For a woman, keeping your hair down, tilting your head to expose pheromones and keeping hands and wrists visible to display the soft skin of the wrists are highly attractive for men.\n\n## Step Two: Attract Them While You Can\n\nOnce our mind decides we like someone as a potential mate our body\nautomatically begins to change physically to attract the person. Our cheeks\nflush to make us look like we are aroused, our lips swell to look more fertile\nand even our pheromones pump to attract the other person. There are a few\nthings we can do to attract a mate from a body language perspective.\n\n * Lean In: Leaning towards someone is a nonverbal way of telling them you are engaged. This works especially well if you are in a group of people and you are interested in one person in the group. A way to show them you are interested is by leaning towards them. This subconsciously will pull them in your direction.\n * Head Tilting: Head tilting shows interest and engagement. If you are speaking with someone, let them know you are present and interested by tilting your head and gazing at them. Be sure to not look over their head or around the room, this shows lack of interest and sensitivity.\n\n## Step Three: Find the Signs\n\nSo, what are the actual signs of attraction? How do they come out in the body?\nHere are some body language cues for attraction:\n\n### 1\\. Flushed and Blushed\n\nWhen we are attracted to someone, blood will flow to our face, causing our\ncheeks to get red. This happens to mimic the orgasm effect where we get\nflushed. It is an evolutionary way the body tries to attract the opposite sex.\nThis is why women wear blush. This also happens with lips and eyes. The redder\nthe lips and the whiter the eyes the more fertile and attractive someone is.\n\n### 2\\. The Power of the Purse\n\nPurse behavior is a form of nonverbal communication. It is how someone\ninteracts with their environment based on their emotions. The purse is an\ninteresting indicator of nonverbal behavior. For example, if a woman is\nfeeling uncomfortable or not attracted to someone she will either clutch her\nbag tightly or place it in front of or covering her body. When a woman is\nattracted to a man she literally and figuratively wants nothing to stand in\nthe way between her and her man. If she is loosely holding her purse and it is\nnot blocking her front this shows she is at ease and feels more attraction.\nBetter yet, if she puts it on the floor, a nearby table or on the back of the\nchair she wants it out of the way for her interactions with you. [Please note\ncontext here, if you are in a very public or potentially dangerous location\nshe could be gripping her purse for safety concerns, but in a casual place or\non a date this can be a good indicator].\n\n> I was actually at a singles event the other night and watched a man and\n> woman talking. The woman had her purse partially blocking her body and was\n> tightly gripping the handle under her arm. Then the man told her he was a\n> doctor and the woman literally swung her purse up and over her shoulder out\n> of the way. It was amazing.\n\n### 3\\. Their Heart Races\n\n“He makes my heart race” is no cliche. Studies have found that when someone is\nnear an attractive person their heart rate increases. AND this works both\nways. Researchers tried increasing someone’s heart rate and then put him or\nher near a stranger. This then artificially made the person seem even more\nattractive. People seem more attractive when our heart is racing. I wouldn’t\nrecommend taking someone’s pulse on a date or in a bar, but you can see\nsomeone’s breathing rate increase and you can feel the heat of their palm if\nyou are holding their hand and want to go in for a kiss.\n\nThese attraction tips are heating me up!\n\n### 4\\. Their Feet Like You\n\nThe feet serve as a direct reflection of a person’s attitude. The key is to\nrecognize where a person’s feet are pointed. When the feet are pointed\ndirectly toward another person, this is a sign of attraction, or at the very\nleast, genuine interest. If, on the other hand, the feet are pointed away or\ntowards the exit, this means that signs of attraction are probably not\npresent.\n\nWe have more posts on the Body Language and Attraction. Here is what you might\nlike:\n\n * 13 Great First Date Questions\n * How to Turn People On\n * The 5 Love Languages\n\n### Did you like this post? If so, you may want to check out our BONUS course,\nLie Detection in 100 Minutes — never be lied to by a date again!\n\nDo you know when someone is lying to you?\n\nWe like to think we are great at spotting lies—but on average we can only\ndetect deception with about 54% accuracy. That’s barely better than chance!\n\nI believe learning how to spot deception is a life skill.\n\nWe should all know how to have more honest interactions. We should all be able\nto protect ourselves from liars. We should all be able to decode hidden\nemotions.\n\nThat is what our new course is all about.\n\nI want to teach you how to:\n\n * Improve your lie-spotting abilities to up to 90% accuracy\n * Decode hidden emotions\n * Increase the honesty of your interactions\n * Learn the secrets of body language\n\nHere’s the best part. All it takes is 100 minutes.\n\nCitations:\n\nPease, Allan, and Barbara Pease. The Body Language of Love. [Buderim, Qld.]:\nPease International, 2012.\n\nBurgoon, Judee K., Laura K. Guerrero, and Kory Floyd. Nonverbal Communication.\nBoston: Allyn & Bacon, 2010.\n\nhttp://www.oprah.com/relationships/Love-at-First-Sight-Helen-Fisher-Love-\nColumn\n\nhttp://psycnet.apa.org/index.cfm?fa=buy.optionToBuy&id=1997-38342-007\n\nPease, Allan, and Barbara Pease. The Definitive Book of Body Language. New\nYork: Bantam, 2006.\n\n###### All Rights Reserved + COPYRIGHT 2013 Science of People, LLC\n\n### About Vanessa Van Edwards\n\nVanessa Van Edwards is a published author and behavioral investigator. She is\na Huffington Post columnist and her courses and research has been featured on\nCNN, Forbes, Business Week and the Wall Street Journal. As a published Penguin\nauthor, Vanessa regularly speaks and appears in the media to talk about her\nresearch. She is a sought after consultant and speaker.\n\n## 45 Comments\n\n 1. Karen Friedman\n\nNovember 8, 2013 at 9:52 pm\n\nI think knowing these cues can only give confidence to proceed forward, with\nless self consciousness, while engaging with someone you find attractive. To\nknow in a few moments that someone is interested would take a great chunk out\nof the awkwardness I feel when I like someone! The beginning is always the\nhardest part for me. I think it would free me up to just be myself! Thank you\nVanessa!!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Vanessa Van Edwards\n\nNovember 17, 2013 at 6:15 pm\n\nThe beginning is the hardest part for EVERYONE! You are not alone in that at\nall. Body language can take that edge off...it has for me just giving me\nsomething else to focus on other than nerves. Cheers!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Stephanie\n\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:35 pm\n\nLove this article! I hadn’t heard many of the tips before. Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Joshua F\n\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:36 pm\n\nDating is so hard and reading the attraction signals are the worst. This makes\nit a bit easier.\n\nReply\n\n 4. Maggie\n\nDecember 6, 2013 at 11:37 pm\n\nI have a lot of practice to do. I had no idea I was sending off all of the\nwrong signals. YIKES!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Danielle McRae\n\nDecember 23, 2013 at 9:22 pm\n\nThis is so interesting! I’m not in the dating scene anymore (since I’m\nengaged), but I’m definitely going to use these tips to watch how dates are\ngoing and observe people!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Cait\n\nJanuary 30, 2014 at 1:34 pm\n\nLove this Vanessa! So fun to have the upper hand and know why we do the things\nwe do!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Pingback: 10 Ways Science Can Make You a Better Flirt | The Date Report\n\n 8. mustafa\n\nMay 15, 2014 at 3:57 am\n\nNice I like it Ty Vanessa\n\nReply\n\n 9. Emma Weise\n\nMay 24, 2014 at 9:25 am\n\nClassic! Definitely not in the dating space... but will keep an eye out for\nthis in the business realm! Haha\n\nReply\n\n 10. Ray\n\nMay 26, 2014 at 9:41 am\n\nunintentionally i was giving right cues. Thanks for sharing 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 11. Sabra Ann Huber\n\nJuly 8, 2014 at 11:50 am\n\nOutstanding\n\nReply\n\n 12. Dave\n\nJuly 10, 2014 at 4:47 am\n\nI’ve always thought how we think is the way act and vice versa. This is\nawesome info. Knowing this surf is almost like watching a movie with the sound\noff but you can tell what’s going on\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nJuly 21, 2014 at 10:48 pm\n\nHi Dave, exactly right! We like to say it’s like seeing the world in High\nDefinition now. 🙂 -Danielle and the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 13. Alan Chavez\n\nJuly 29, 2014 at 11:39 am\n\nInteresting fact about the heart rate, it makes me wonder if a person is more\nlikely to get attention from another person who just stopped exercising.\n\nFor example if this happens at the gym a guy shows that is healthy (or at\nleast trying to be), and strong, and probably fertile and a girl will be with\na high heart rate, flushed, healthy, fertile, etc...\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nJuly 30, 2014 at 7:31 pm\n\nHi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on\nwhile at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense.\nThanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 2. Danielle McRae\n\nAugust 4, 2014 at 6:26 pm\n\nHi Alan, great observation. Many people do tend to hit on others/get hit on\nwhile at the gym or working out, so the connection definitely makes sense.\nThanks for the comment! -Danielle and the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 14. Alexander Peraza\n\nAugust 18, 2014 at 12:07 am\n\nI’ve been trained by master pick up artists to point my feet away from women\nto create attraction as it reveals that I have options with other women.\n\nIt may convey interest to point towards her, but if you want her to become\ninterested you must show disinterest in the first interaction. Most men are\ninterested in a beautiful women immediately, so being disinterested will make\nyou more interesting and attractive.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:24 pm\n\nHi Alexander, interesting perspective. I know, as a woman, that a man\npurposely acting disinterested in me would not be attractive in the slightest.\nIf anything, the type of woman you are attracting most likely has incredibly\nlow self-esteem if she’s interested in this disrespectful tactic. -Danielle\nand the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 1. Alexander Peraza\n\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:44 pm\n\nOk, hey awesome reply. I think the pointing away is meant to be a replacement\nfor the needy body language most men do by leaning in close, giving her their\nfull positive body language while she tries to keep a reasonable distance and\nis inevitably turned off.\n\nA technique to avoid this creepy, needy feeling is by standing side by side\nthe to person you’re talking to. You can get really close without making them\nfeel uncomfortable. Cheers!\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nAugust 19, 2014 at 8:55 pm\n\nI definitely see where you’re coming from. In no way are we condoning being\ncreepy or needy. Creepy is very bad, hah. Standing side-by-side is an\nalternative if you’re worried about giving off the wrong signals. Look for\nother signs too: open torso or arms crossed, purse out of the way or clutched\nin front of her. Thanks for the insight! -Danielle and the Science of People\nTeam\n\nReply\n\n 15. G Hollingsworth\n\nSeptember 7, 2014 at 6:00 pm\n\nGreat advice. However, men should never lean in when attempting to attract a\nfemale unless she’s speaking and it’s hard to hear her. When he’s speaking to\nher he should always lean back or sit up straight and speak louder if she\ncan’t hear him. As for women.. leaning in is good. 😉 Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nSeptember 10, 2014 at 10:02 pm\n\nHi, G. Leaning is not gender-specific. While it may be more common for females\nto “lean in”, it is perfectly acceptable for males to lean in to show interest\nduring a conversation. The head-tilt is also a great nonverbal technique to\nshow interest for both males and females. Thanks for your comment! -Danielle\nand the Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 16. Stacey Crutcher\n\nFebruary 12, 2015 at 11:05 pm\n\nAfter watching 5 Habits of Exceptionally Charismatic People... while it’s true\nthat charismatic people tend to think of the most interesting questions to ask\nI’ve found in my own experience that wasn’t the case. I am much more reserved\nmore so introverted, sensitive and attentive to other people’s emotions and\nfeelings on a personable level without passing judgment. When conversing with\nother people I like to engage in conversations that are much more meaningful.\nI know in my own experience while observing the other person I was conversing\nwith 10/10 I never really had to ask a person to open themselves up to me.\nI’ve had many experiences where some people felt the need to share their story\nand open up to me on their own. I’ve always wondered, why is that?\n\nReply\n\n 17. Dani\n\nMarch 7, 2015 at 6:32 am\n\nNow thats makes sense.. I love sciences. and you are the best. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 18. Toh\n\nApril 2, 2015 at 11:28 pm\n\nI was wondering if body movement play a part too\n\nReply\n\n 19. Pingback: Attract Her With Body Language: 7 Flirting Cues Every Man Should Know | Newspaper Cat\n\n 20. Pingback: Science Explains How Body Language Can Make Or Break Your Date - Ice Trend\n\n 21. Robby Smith\n\nNovember 17, 2015 at 8:05 am\n\nThese are all great tips with meeting someone in person. I just hope that with\nthe emerging digital age, people won’t forget about these.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Richard\n\nJanuary 28, 2016 at 11:25 am\n\nYour body language must be great Vanessa due to your general physical\nappearance.So keep on teaching this art of being and you will succeed...\n\nReply\n\n 23. Bella Perennis\n\nFebruary 6, 2016 at 3:52 am\n\nWhat is the male equivalent to the purse? Do men take out their wallets and\nhold it in front of them ^^ ?\n\nReply\n\n 1. Danielle McRae\n\nFebruary 8, 2016 at 10:38 am\n\nGood question, Bella! Men could block with a chair, a notebook or a drink\ndepending on what’s around them. They may also block by crossing their arms.\nIt’s not as easy for them to block since women typically always carry a purse\nbut it can happen if they are feeling uncomfortable or nervous!\n\nDanielle | Science of People Team\n\nReply\n\n 2. Martin Johncox\n\nApril 16, 2016 at 9:02 pm\n\nProbably a briefcase, if a man has one. If he doesn’t, then you have to look\nfor other cues, I suppose. I notice I move my briefcase around in ways just\nlike this article describes, although I never clutch it over my chest.\n\nReply\n\n 24. Liam Hayes\n\nFebruary 7, 2016 at 1:03 pm\n\nGreat tips! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 25. Lauren Freeman\n\nFebruary 14, 2016 at 6:21 pm\n\nSome of these I have heard before, but something that really intrigued me is\nthat women tend to touch their suprasternal notch when the conversation takes\nan intimate turn. As soon as Vanessa mentioned that, I thought of times I’ve\ntouched my little “notch” when talking to someone. These are so interesting !\nI work at a bar and I see either a lot of dates or a lot of men hitting on\nwomen so I want to take all of these body language cues and see if I can see\nthem in action as I people watch at work!! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 1. Mark\n\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 5:17 pm\n\nSo is the article correct in the assumption that women who touch their “notch”\nsubconciously are opening up more to the possibility of dating the person they\nare engaging with? Honestly, I haven’t bought in to it. Maybe some women are\njust overly sensual. Or maybe they are picturing a different person in that\nscenario.\n\nReply\n\n 26. Drishti Narang\n\nFebruary 29, 2016 at 8:10 pm\n\nThe things we see as the smallest have such big impacts. I definitely enjoyed\nthe article, thanks Vanessa!\n\nReply\n\n 27. Pingback: Why Body Language Speaks Louder than Words – AuCare À la mode\n\n 28. emelia\n\nMay 22, 2016 at 6:47 am\n\nAnd to ask is it everyone that understands body language? Because you might be\nseriously expressing your feelings in body language to your admirer and might\nseems not to realize your emotions.\n\nReply\n\n 29. Dan\n\nMay 24, 2016 at 3:02 am\n\nGreat article. I especially like the part on availability & fertility.\n\nReply\n\n 30. Dr Ajay Kumar Singh\n\nMay 25, 2016 at 3:30 am\n\nThe available text has to do with the love attraction at the first sight. A\nsignal that one is fertile and available to the opposite sex. I do agree that\nthe attraction changes immediately as the partners reveal their identity. It\nmay be negative or positive depends on the mental aptitude of the one. Such\nlove attraction May continue or may not depends on the mental aptitude of the\npartners. The text has more to do with the physical love but most of us do not\ncherish physical love all the time. Healthy life continues with emotional love\nwith some sort of piousness. The text lacks in such attraction of love.\n\nReply\n\n 31. Karla\n\nJune 7, 2016 at 2:51 pm\n\nOh la la! xD very useful tips!;)\n\nReply\n\n 32. Mark\n\nSeptember 14, 2016 at 5:11 pm\n\nAm I correct in concluding that the only way to interpret body language as\nflirting is if you see more than 2 signs? Because, I see this behavior alot\nfrom opposite and same sex genders. I tend to see a variety of body language\nsignals from several different people. I don’t know. It’s all contextual and\nit’s interesting to see the behavior on a regular basis at work. I notice more\nat work.\n\nThere is only one person who has exhibited multiple signs that they might be\ninterested in dating. I like her but I don’t know if I would date her. It’s\ninteresting because I recognize the flirting subconciously and I feed off the\nflirting and escalate it not really knowing if I am interested in her. It’s\nonly after we get done interacting that I conciously recognized we were\nflirting. In the moment my brain is asking my body “wth is going on stay on\ntarget”. I’m confused. My brain says one thing but my body enjoys the\nflirting.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Melissa\n\nNovember 29, 2016 at 8:22 am\n\nI think you can separate feeling flattered that someone finds you attractive\nenough to flirt, and having a further interest in that particular person. They\nare separate things. Oh, and “I don’t know if I would date them” means you’re\nnot interested in dating them. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 33. Pingback: Attract Her With Body Language: 7 Flirting Cues Every Man Should Know » Newspaper Cat\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### As Seen On:\n\n### Get the FREE Resources:\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n### Research:\n\n * Book Club Book: The Upside of Stress\n * Discover the One Thing That is Essential to Your Success\n * How to Spare Yourself from Tedious Small Talk\n\n### Search:\n\nFavorite Tweets by @vvanedwards\n\nDo Not Click Here\n\nSuccess! Now check your email to confirm your subscription.\n\n * Start Here\n * Book\n * Speaking\n * Awesome\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161120120753/http://theartofcharm.com:80/flirting-and-attraction/eye-contact-attraction/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Eye Contact and Attraction",
"passages": [
"When it comes to attraction, eye contact does a lot. You can use eye contact to show a girl you’re interested, to gauge her interest, and to create or deepen her attraction in you. This article will cover all of that, and will even touch on the secret that allows you to make perfect eye contact with a woman every time.",
"Eye contact and attraction go hand in hand; the simplest way to show a girl you’re interested in her is through eye contact. It may seem like a subtle sign of interest to guys, but to women it’s clear as day. But to do it right, you want to avoid the mistake most guys make in giving too much eye contact too soon.",
"You see, your eye contact reflects your level of interest, and interest becomes more valuable the more she has to work for it. So if you’re at a bar and just started talking to a girl you don’t know, then you want to make eye contact about 50% of the time. The rest of the time can be spent looking elsewhere (if you stand shoulder to shoulder, rather than face to face, it’s easy to casually look away). As the interaction progresses and she proves that she’s an awesome girl, you’ll want to reward her with more interest. This is when you give her more and more eye contact.",
"Eye contact is the most common indicator a girl is interested in you. If you’re wondering whether or not that girl across the room is wants to meet you, here are a few ways eye contact will let you know:",
"If a girl makes eye contact with you, looks away, and then looks back at you all within about 30 seconds...she’s interested.",
"If you lock eyes with a girl and she immediately looks down and away, that’s a sign of embarrassment. She’s probably interested, but just feels shy.",
"If you lock eyes with a girl for a longer period of time than the usual quick glance – even if it’s just 2-3 seconds – it’s a sign she’s likely interested.",
"Our eyes express our emotional state. Anytime you allow someone to look into your eyes you’re allowing them to see how you feel at that moment. You’re making yourself vulnerable and letting them get a glimpse of the real you. And this is why eye contact and attraction are so strongly connected. Eye contact is an incredibly strong indicator of confidence.",
"When someone feels insecure they will have a hard time maintaining eye contact. Their eyes will likely dart around the room as a means of “hiding”. But when someone feels confident, maintaining eye contact comes easily. A confident man is able to keep a strong, steady gaze. His eyes don’t dart nervously, they move with purpose and intention.",
"So when you’re talking to a woman, keep a steady gaze. When you look away do so with purpose and intention and avoid nervous darting. It’ll help you come across as more confident, which will help generate those feelings of attraction in her.",
"Plenty of guys can make strong, steady eye contact but still find they’re unable to connect or build much attraction. This usually is a result of how they make eye contact. To build attraction eye contact needs to show more than confidence. It also needs to show that you’re a positive, friendly guy. And the way to do this is by “smiling with your eyes”.",
"Listen or watch something that makes you laugh really hard. When you’re done laughing, notice how your eyes feel and take a look at them in a mirror. You can see and feel that warm positivity coming from your eyes. Remember that feeling, because that’s what you want to have whenever you make eye contact with a woman. You’ll project a warm, friendly vibe and she’ll be more receptive to you.",
"Sure eye contact shows confidence and interest, but that’s not what it’s really about. What eye contact is really about, is giving. It’s about giving the woman attention and respect, and showing her that you appreciate her for the beautiful person she is (and not just physical beauty). When you’re able to see a woman in that light – to look at her and appreciate her for who she is – then perfect, effortless eye contact (the steady gaze, smiling with your eyes, knowing when to hold eye contact and when to look away) all comes naturally.",
"When you’re checking out a girl and she catches you, what do you do? Lots of guys out there will feel embarrassed, avert their eyes, and act like nothing happened. Their eyes will often dart down and away, as if to tell the woman “sorry I was checking you out”.",
"But all this does is show a lack of confidence. And if that’s her first impression, then building up any attraction is going to be incredibly difficult. So instead of apologizing, own up to it. Maintain that eye contact and attraction will have a chance to be created.",
"Besides, there’s nothing wrong with letting a girl know she’s attractive and has caught you’re attention. It’s flattering. So long as you’re not creepy about it, there’s nothing to worry about. And to ensure you don’t come off as creepy, all you’ve got to do is relax and give her a nice smile.",
"Once he realized attracting women was something he could learn Brian spent way too much of his free time studying and practicing everything he could find on the subject. He stumbled across The Art of Charm Podcast and eventually signed up for an AoC bootcamp. Excited by the progress he’s made in his own life since the program he decided to start writing for AoC to help other guys do the same. By writing about interpersonal dynamics he’s finally able to put that psychology degree to good use. View all posts by Brian M →"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Eye Contact and Attraction - The Art of Charm\n\nAdvanced Social Skills Training for Top Performers\n\nAs Seen On\n\n# Eye Contact and Attraction\n\nWhen it comes to attraction, eye contact does a lot. You can use eye contact\nto show a girl you’re interested, to gauge her interest, and to create or\ndeepen her attraction in you. This article will cover all of that, and will\neven touch on the secret that allows you to make perfect eye contact with a\nwoman every time.\n\nUsing eye contact to show interest\n\nEye contact and attraction go hand in hand; the simplest way to show a girl\nyou’re interested in her is through eye contact. It may seem like a subtle\nsign of interest to guys, but to women it’s clear as day. But to do it right,\nyou want to avoid the mistake most guys make in giving too much eye contact\ntoo soon.\n\nYou see, your eye contact reflects your level of interest, and interest\nbecomes more valuable the more she has to work for it. So if you’re at a bar\nand just started talking to a girl you don’t know, then you want to make eye\ncontact about 50% of the time. The rest of the time can be spent looking\nelsewhere (if you stand shoulder to shoulder, rather than face to face, it’s\neasy to casually look away). As the interaction progresses and she proves that\nshe’s an awesome girl, you’ll want to reward her with more interest. This is\nwhen you give her more and more eye contact.\n\nUsing eye contact to gauge interest\n\nEye contact is the most common indicator a girl is interested in you. If\nyou’re wondering whether or not that girl across the room is wants to meet\nyou, here are a few ways eye contact will let you know:\n\n * If a girl makes eye contact with you, looks away, and then looks back at you all within about 30 seconds...she’s interested.\n\n * If you lock eyes with a girl and she immediately looks down and away, that’s a sign of embarrassment. She’s probably interested, but just feels shy.\n\n * If you lock eyes with a girl for a longer period of time than the usual quick glance – even if it’s just 2-3 seconds – it’s a sign she’s likely interested.\n\nCreate attraction with confident eye contact\n\nOur eyes express our emotional state. Anytime you allow someone to look into\nyour eyes you’re allowing them to see how you feel at that moment. You’re\nmaking yourself vulnerable and letting them get a glimpse of the real you. And\nthis is why eye contact and attraction are so strongly connected. Eye contact\nis an incredibly strong indicator of confidence.\n\nWhen someone feels insecure they will have a hard time maintaining eye\ncontact. Their eyes will likely dart around the room as a means of “hiding”.\nBut when someone feels confident, maintaining eye contact comes easily. A\nconfident man is able to keep a strong, steady gaze. His eyes don’t dart\nnervously, they move with purpose and intention.\n\nSo when you’re talking to a woman, keep a steady gaze. When you look away do\nso with purpose and intention and avoid nervous darting. It’ll help you come\nacross as more confident, which will help generate those feelings of\nattraction in her.\n\nCreate attraction with friendly eye contact\n\nPlenty of guys can make strong, steady eye contact but still find they’re\nunable to connect or build much attraction. This usually is a result of how\nthey make eye contact. To build attraction eye contact needs to show more than\nconfidence. It also needs to show that you’re a positive, friendly guy. And\nthe way to do this is by “smiling with your eyes”.\n\nListen or watch something that makes you laugh really hard. When you’re done\nlaughing, notice how your eyes feel and take a look at them in a mirror. You\ncan see and feel that warm positivity coming from your eyes. Remember that\nfeeling, because that’s what you want to have whenever you make eye contact\nwith a woman. You’ll project a warm, friendly vibe and she’ll be more\nreceptive to you.\n\nThe secret to perfect, effortless eye contact\n\nSure eye contact shows confidence and interest, but that’s not what it’s\nreally about. What eye contact is really about, is giving. It’s about giving\nthe woman attention and respect, and showing her that you appreciate her for\nthe beautiful person she is (and not just physical beauty). When you’re able\nto see a woman in that light – to look at her and appreciate her for who she\nis – then perfect, effortless eye contact (the steady gaze, smiling with your\neyes, knowing when to hold eye contact and when to look away) all comes\nnaturally.\n\nEye contact bonus! What to do when you get caught staring at a woman\n\nWhen you’re checking out a girl and she catches you, what do you do? Lots of\nguys out there will feel embarrassed, avert their eyes, and act like nothing\nhappened. Their eyes will often dart down and away, as if to tell the woman\n“sorry I was checking you out”.\n\nBut all this does is show a lack of confidence. And if that’s her first\nimpression, then building up any attraction is going to be incredibly\ndifficult. So instead of apologizing, own up to it. Maintain that eye contact\nand attraction will have a chance to be created.\n\nBesides, there’s nothing wrong with letting a girl know she’s attractive and\nhas caught you’re attention. It’s flattering. So long as you’re not creepy\nabout it, there’s nothing to worry about. And to ensure you don’t come off as\ncreepy, all you’ve got to do is relax and give her a nice smile.\n\nPrint\n\n## First Impressions Mean Everything\n\nDiscover the 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First\nImpression Before You Even Get the Chance to Say Hello\n\n(Learn the 3 Non-Verbal Keys To A Great First Impression)\n\n#### Where Should We Send Your\n\n## FREE Guide?\n\nThe 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First Impression\n\nWe Hate SPAM & Promise to NEVER Share Your Info!\n\nBrian M - author of 191 posts on The Art of Charm\n\nOnce he realized attracting women was something he could learn Brian spent way\ntoo much of his free time studying and practicing everything he could find on\nthe subject. He stumbled across The Art of Charm Podcast and eventually signed\nup for an AoC bootcamp. Excited by the progress he’s made in his own life\nsince the program he decided to start writing for AoC to help other guys do\nthe same. By writing about interpersonal dynamics he’s finally able to put\nthat psychology degree to good use. View all posts by Brian M →\n\nEmail\n\n* ## Popular Podcasts\n\n## Popular Podcasts\n\n#407: Dan Millman | Way of the Peaceful Warrior\n\n#405: Adam Nesrallah | What Spies Teach Us About Reading People\n\n#401: Todd Herman | The Power of Negative Thinking\n\n#399: Ramit Sethi | Cold Truths About Networking and Success\n\n#398: Michelle Lederman | The Laws of Likability\n\n* ## Leadmagnet – Slide 5\n\n# First Impressions Mean Everything\n\nDiscover the 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First\nImpression Before You Even Get the Chance to Say Hello\n\n * Works Instantly\n * Scientifically Proven\n * Improve Your First Impression\n\n(Learn The 3 Non-Verbal Keys To A Great First Impression)\n\n* ## Popular Posts\n\nHow to Dress and Prepare for an Interview\n\nNovember 10, 2016\n\nHow to Dress for a Networking Event\n\nNovember 2, 2016\n\nThis Week In Charm – Michelle Lederman | Nick Unsworth | Faults\n\nJuly 8, 2016\n\nThis Week In Charm – Angela Duckworth | Jason McCarthy | Kindness\n\nJuly 1, 2016\n\nThis Week In Charm – General Hayden | Amy Herman | Loneliness\n\nJune 24, 2016\n\n#### Where Should We Send Your\n\n## FREE Guide?\n\nThe 3 Most Critical Non-Verbal Signals that Kill Your First Impression\n\nWe Hate SPAM & Promise to NEVER Share Your Info!\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * FAQs\n * Social Capital Login\n\n"
}
] |
1,259,302 | How To Treat an Outer Ear Infection | To treat an outer ear infection, it's important that you visit a doctor so they can clean your ear and prescribe antibiotics to clear up the infection. Once you've visited a doctor, there are things you can do to alleviate your symptoms at home, like holding a heating pad or warm washcloth against your ear. You can also take over-the-counter pain medication to reduce any discomfort you're experiencing. While you're waiting for your ear to heal, try to keep it as dry as possible so it heals faster. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160705054835/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160426165320/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628000548/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170201192059/http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160502061556/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20151129150658/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020115915/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201020122022/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423185302/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688"
] | train | 2,104 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160705054835/https://www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia",
"passages": [
"Swimmer's ear is inflammation, irritation, or infection of the outer ear and ear canal. The medical term for swimmer's ear is otitis externa.",
"Swimmer's ear is more common among teenagers and young adults. It may occur with a middle ear infection or a respiratory infection such as a cold.",
"Swimming in unclean water can lead to swimmer's ear. Pseudomonas and other bacteria commonly often found in water can cause ear infections. Rarely, the infection may be caused by a fungus.",
"The health care provider will look inside your ears. The ear canal area will look red and swollen. The skin inside the ear canal may be scaly or shedding.",
"Touching or moving the outer ear will increase the pain. The eardrum may be hard to see because of a swelling in the outer ear. Or, the eardrum may have a hole in it. This is called a perforation.",
"A sample of fluid may be removed from the ear and sent to a lab to look for bacteria or fungus.",
"In most cases, you will need to use ear drops containing antibiotics for 10 to 14 days. If the ear canal is very swollen, a wick may be put into the ear to allow the drops to travel to the end of the canal. Your doctor or nurse can show you how to do this.",
"The infection may spread to other areas around the ear, including the skull bone. In elderly people or those who have diabetes, a severe infection called malignant otitis externa may occur. This condition is treated with high-dose antibiotics given through a vein.",
"Try mixing 1 drop of alcohol with 1 drop of white vinegar and placing the mixture into the ears after they get wet. The alcohol and acid in the vinegar help prevent bacterial growth.",
"Ear infection - outer ear - acute; Otitis externa - acute; Chronic swimmer's ear; Otitis externa - chronic; Ear infection - outer ear - chronic",
"Guss J, Ruckenstein MJ. Infections of the external ear. In: Cummings CW, Flint PW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2010:chap 137.",
"A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation HealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the principles of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).",
"The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Swimmer's ear : MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nSwimmer's ear\n\nURL of this page: //www.nlm.nih.gov/medlineplus/ency/article/000622.htm\n\n# Swimmer's ear\n\nSwimmer's ear is inflammation, irritation, or infection of the outer ear and\near canal. The medical term for swimmer's ear is otitis externa.\n\nSwimmer's ear may be acute or chronic.\n\n## Causes\n\nSwimmer's ear is more common among teenagers and young adults. It may occur\nwith a middle ear infection or a respiratory infection such as a cold.\n\nSwimming in unclean water can lead to swimmer's ear. Pseudomonas and other\nbacteria commonly often found in water can cause ear infections. Rarely, the\ninfection may be caused by a fungus.\n\nOther causes of swimmer's ear include:\n\n * Scratching the ear or inside the ear\n * Getting something stuck in the ear\n\nTrying to clean wax from the ear canal with cotton swabs or small objects can\ndamage the skin.\n\nLong-term (chronic) swimmer's ear may be due to:\n\n * Allergic reaction to something placed in the ear\n * Chronic skin conditions, such as eczema or psoriasis\n\n## Symptoms\n\nSymptoms of swimmer's ear include:\n\n * Drainage from the ear -- yellow, yellow-green, pus-like, or foul smelling\n * Ear pain, which may get worse when you pull on the outer ear\n * Hearing loss\n * Itching of the ear or ear canal\n\n## Exams and Tests\n\nThe health care provider will look inside your ears. The ear canal area will\nlook red and swollen. The skin inside the ear canal may be scaly or shedding.\n\nTouching or moving the outer ear will increase the pain. The eardrum may be\nhard to see because of a swelling in the outer ear. Or, the eardrum may have a\nhole in it. This is called a perforation.\n\nA sample of fluid may be removed from the ear and sent to a lab to look for\nbacteria or fungus.\n\n## Treatment\n\nIn most cases, you will need to use ear drops containing antibiotics for 10 to\n14 days. If the ear canal is very swollen, a wick may be put into the ear to\nallow the drops to travel to the end of the canal. Your doctor or nurse can\nshow you how to do this.\n\nOther treatments may include:\n\n * Antibiotics taken by mouth if you have a middle ear infection or infection that spreads beyond the ear\n * Corticosteroids to reduce itching and inflammation\n * Pain medication, such as acetaminophen (Tylenol) or ibuprofen (Advil, Motrin)\n * Vinegar (acetic acid) ear drops\n\nPeople with chronic swimmer's ear may need long-term or repeated treatments to\navoid complications.\n\nPlacing something warm against the ear may reduce pain.\n\n## Outlook (Prognosis)\n\nSwimmer's ear most often gets better with the proper treatment.\n\n## Possible Complications\n\nThe infection may spread to other areas around the ear, including the skull\nbone. In elderly people or those who have diabetes, a severe infection called\nmalignant otitis externa may occur. This condition is treated with high-dose\nantibiotics given through a vein.\n\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\n\nCall a health care provider if:\n\n * You develop any symptoms of swimmer's ear\n * You notice any drainage coming from your ears\n * Your symptoms get worse or continue despite treatment\n * You have new symptoms, such as fever or pain and redness of the skull behind the ear\n\n## Prevention\n\nThese steps can help protect your ears from further damage.\n\n * Do not scratch the ears or insert cotton swabs or other objects in the ears.\n * Keep ears clean and dry, and do not let water enter the ears when showering, shampooing, or bathing.\n * Dry your ear very well after it has gotten wet.\n * Avoid swimming in polluted water.\n * Use earplugs when swimming.\n * Try mixing 1 drop of alcohol with 1 drop of white vinegar and placing the mixture into the ears after they get wet. The alcohol and acid in the vinegar help prevent bacterial growth.\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nEar infection - outer ear - acute; Otitis externa - acute; Chronic swimmer's\near; Otitis externa - chronic; Ear infection - outer ear - chronic\n\n## Images\n\n * Ear anatomy\n * Medical findings based on ear anatomy\n * Swimmer's ear\n\n## References\n\nGuss J, Ruckenstein MJ. Infections of the external ear. In: Cummings CW, Flint\nPW, Haughey BH, et al, eds. Otolaryngology: Head & Neck Surgery. 5th ed.\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Mosby; 2010:chap 137.\n\nHaddad J. External otitis (otitis externa). In: Kliegman RM, Behrman RE,\nJenson HB, Stanton BF, eds. Nelson Textbook of Pediatrics. 19th ed.\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier Saunders; 2011:chap 631.\n\n## Read More\n\n * Common cold\n * Ear infection - acute\n * Malignant otitis externa\n\n## Update Date 8/30/2014\n\nUpdated by: Neil K. Kaneshiro, MD, MHA, Clinical Assistant Professor of\nPediatrics, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA. Also\nreviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Isla Ogilvie, PhD, and the A.D.A.M.\nEditorial team.\n\n## Related MedlinePlus Health Topics\n\n * Ear Infections\n\nBrowse the Encyclopedia\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, also known as the American Accreditation\nHealthCare Commission (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an\nindependent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of\nquality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this\nimportant distinction for online health information and services. Learn more\nabout A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy, editorial process and privacy policy.\nA.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics and subscribes to the\nprinciples of the Health on the Net Foundation (www.hon.ch).\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2016, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * Site Map\n * FAQs\n * Contact Us\n\n * Get email updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Quality Guidelines\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 07 June 2016\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160426165320/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/definition/CON-20014723",
"parsed_text": {
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"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Swimmer's ear - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210628000548/https://www.mayoclinic.org/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/symptoms-causes/syc-20351682",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Symptoms and causes",
"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Swimmer's ear - Symptoms and causes - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170201192059/http://kidshealth.org/teen/infections/bacterial_viral/swimmers_ear.html/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Error Page",
"passages": [
"java.lang.NullPointerException at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.getMothershipLink(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.execute(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.reDirect(Unknown Source) at org.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.handleRequest(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor301.invoke(Unknown Source) at sun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25) at java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426) at org.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790) at org.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644) at org.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617) at javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290) at org.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127) at org.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103) at org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109) at org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293) at org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler.invoke(JkCoyoteHandler.java:190) at org.apache.jk.common.HandlerRequest.invoke(HandlerRequest.java:311) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.invoke(ChannelSocket.java:776) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.processConnection(ChannelSocket.java:705) at org.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket$SocketConnection.runIt(ChannelSocket.java:898) at org.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:690) at java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Error Page\n\n# Your request Failed with Error!\n\njava.lang.NullPointerException at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.getMothershipLink(Unknown Source) at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.core.RedirectCommand.execute(Unknown Source) at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.reDirect(Unknown Source) at\norg.kidshealth.pgmgr.web.pageManagerController.handleRequest(Unknown Source)\nat sun.reflect.GeneratedMethodAccessor301.invoke(Unknown Source) at\nsun.reflect.DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.invoke(DelegatingMethodAccessorImpl.java:25)\nat java.lang.reflect.Method.invoke(Method.java:597) at\norg.springframework.web.bind.annotation.support.HandlerMethodInvoker.invokeHandlerMethod(HandlerMethodInvoker.java:176)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.invokeHandlerMethod(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:426)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.mvc.annotation.AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.handle(AnnotationMethodHandlerAdapter.java:414)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doDispatch(DispatcherServlet.java:790)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.DispatcherServlet.doService(DispatcherServlet.java:719)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.processRequest(FrameworkServlet.java:644)\nat\norg.springframework.web.servlet.FrameworkServlet.doGet(FrameworkServlet.java:549)\nat javax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:617) at\njavax.servlet.http.HttpServlet.service(HttpServlet.java:717) at\norg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.internalDoFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:290)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.ApplicationFilterChain.doFilter(ApplicationFilterChain.java:206)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardWrapperValve.invoke(StandardWrapperValve.java:233)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardContextValve.invoke(StandardContextValve.java:191)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardHostValve.invoke(StandardHostValve.java:127)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.valves.ErrorReportValve.invoke(ErrorReportValve.java:103)\nat\norg.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngineValve.invoke(StandardEngineValve.java:109)\nat org.apache.catalina.connector.CoyoteAdapter.service(CoyoteAdapter.java:293)\nat org.apache.jk.server.JkCoyoteHandler.invoke(JkCoyoteHandler.java:190) at\norg.apache.jk.common.HandlerRequest.invoke(HandlerRequest.java:311) at\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.invoke(ChannelSocket.java:776) at\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket.processConnection(ChannelSocket.java:705)\nat\norg.apache.jk.common.ChannelSocket$SocketConnection.runIt(ChannelSocket.java:898)\nat\norg.apache.tomcat.util.threads.ThreadPool$ControlRunnable.run(ThreadPool.java:690)\nat java.lang.Thread.run(Thread.java:662)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160502061556/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/swimmers-ear/basics/treatment/con-20014723",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Swimmer's ear Treatments and drugs",
"passages": []
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},
{
"original_url": "https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20151129150658/https://my.clevelandclinic.org/services/orthopaedics-rheumatology/diseases-conditions/hic-swimmers-ear",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Swimmer's Ear",
"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Swimmer's Ear\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201020115915/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/proper-use/drg-20061688",
"parsed_text": {
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"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Hydrocortisone And Acetic Acid (Otic Route) Proper Use - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201020122022/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/neomycin-oral-route/before-using/drg-20065027",
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},
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"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423185302/https://www.mayoclinic.org/drugs-supplements/hydrocortisone-and-acetic-acid-otic-route/description/drg-20061688",
"parsed_text": {
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}
] |
4,095,407 | How To Cut Your Own Hair (Men) | To cut your own hair, use clippers on a small guard setting, like 1 or 2, to cut the sides. Trim from the bottom to the top and tilt the clipper blade at an angle to create an even fade. Next, trim the back, then go over the lower half with a shorter setting to even out the fades. Cut the hair on top of your head last using styling scissors, trimming conservatively and in small sections. Then, even out the sides and use clippers to trim your sideburns and neckline! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416172429/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200508165534/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210126123438/https://www.financeafter50.com/cut-hair-men/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210915211634/https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804113949/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/magazine/how-to-cut-your-own-hair.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170804091347/http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512145721/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210307025406/https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-cut-your-own-hair/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101235930/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing"
] | train | 1,801 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416172429/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/how-to-give-yourself-a-buzz-cut/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut",
"passages": [
"With our archives now 3,500+ articles deep, we’ve decided to republish a classic piece each Friday to help our newer readers discover some of the best, evergreen gems from the past. This article was originally published in June 2018.",
"Cutting your own hair may seem like a recipe for disaster, but with the right style it’s easy to save a few bucks doing the job at home. The buzz cut is one of the most timeless haircuts a man can get, and it’s also the easiest to do yourself. With a few simple tools and a bit of practice, you can give yourself professional-quality buzz cuts without having to wade through year-old magazines at your local barber’s shop. Here’s how to do it.",
"A good pair of hair clippers will make the job a lot faster and easier. Don’t try to use your beard clippers to give yourself a buzz cut; you can save that for detail work once you’re done. You can find a decent pair of clippers online or at your local drugstore for less than $50. Most hair clippers should come with several guard sizes. If you’re trying to decide between kits, choose one that has #2 and #3 guards, as these are the most common for buzz cuts. Once you’ve got your own set of clippers, make sure to clean and maintain them after each use.",
"A basic hand mirror, used along with your bathroom mirror, will help you see the back of your neck for trimming work. If you don’t already have one, you can usually pick one up for a few bucks at most drugstores. Finally, while a broom and dustpan will do the job of cleanup, buzz cuts get tiny hairs on just about every surface of your bathroom. A vacuum with a hose attachment will make cleanup much faster and easier.",
"Before you plug in your clippers and go to town, do yourself a favor and check your head for the types of strange lumps and bumps that could make a buzz cut a poor decision for your head shape. Keep in mind, no one’s head is perfectly round or smooth. But, scars, skin tags, and bumps will all be visible with a super short buzz cut. To check your head, simply run your fingers carefully over your scalp, feeling for any abnormalities that you might not want to expose with a buzz cut.",
"Clippers work best on clean, dry hair. If you don’t use shampoo every time, do it this time. Oily or greasy hair is more difficult for the blades of a clipper to slice through, leaving you with an uneven buzz cut. You’ll also end up going over the same areas multiple times trying to cut the same slippery follicles. Once your hair is clean, let it fully dry before you start cutting.",
"With your tools assembled, plug in your clippers and choose your guard size. It’s always best to start with something that errs on the side of being too long. Most barbers perform buzz cuts based on the golden 3-2-1 rule. That means a #3 guard on the top, a #2 guard on the sides, and a #1 guard to trim up the edges. A #3 guard is common to start with because it’s about as short as you can go before you start seeing your scalp. Going shorter than this will give your hair a 5 o’clock shadow look rather than a buzz cut.",
"Once you’ve chosen your guard size, start on the top of your head, working the clippers through your hair from front to back. The clippers should glide along your scalp as you move back. After you’ve gone front to back on the top, go at the top from side to side to clip any stray hairs. With the top done, you can start in on the sides. Move from bottom to top, cutting against the direction that the hair grows in. (You aren’t done with the sides yet though — keep reading.)",
"When you’re ready to do the back, stand with your back to the bathroom mirror and hold up your hand mirror in front of you. Adjust the hand mirror so that you can see the back of your head reflected in the bathroom mirror. Hold this position while you run the clippers from the back of your neck up toward the top of your head.",
"Once you’ve done your entire head, move down one guard size (to the #2 guard) and trim down the sides, again moving from bottom to top. Why make the sides a little shorter? The hair on the side of your head tends to appear fuller than on the top of your head. Making it a bit shorter makes the buzz cut appear more uniform overall.",
"There are two main areas to trim once you’re done with your buzz cut: the sideburns and the back of your neck. To start, pop a #1 guard onto your hair clippers.",
"To do your sideburns, place the base of the clippers flush with the side of your face, just below your sideburns. Slowly slide the clippers up until the top edge is at the height you want your sideburns. Then, slowly pull the clippers straight through the hair and away from your face.",
"Trimming the back of your neck is the most challenging part of a buzz cut. If you aren’t comfortable using the hand mirror to do this precision task, you can ask a friend for help or simply leave the hairline natural in back. If you’ve got an impressively hairy neck or unusually asymmetric hairline, then use your hand mirror to carefully trim a straight line across the back of your neck. Once the straight line is established, round the corners on each side to finish the job.",
"The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.",
"We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut | The Art of Manliness\n\nMenu podcast\n\n * Accessories\n * Shaving\n * Style\n\nHow to Tie a TieHow to Clean a Baseball CapHere’s What Happened When I Wore a\nTie to Work Every Day for a YearHow to Make a Leather Belt\n\nHow To Shave Like Your Grandpa Using a Safety RazorHow to Trim Your Mustache:\nAn Illustrated GuideHow to Grow a Handlebar MustacheHow to Treat a Shaving Cut\n\nChukka Boots: The FAQThe Best Damn Guide to Men’s T-Shirts on the Internet10\nThings Your Father Should Have Taught You About StyleIf/How to Wear a Suit\nWithout a Tie\n\nBrowse all Style & Grooming\n\n * College\n * Entrepreneurship\n * Networking\n * Personal Finance\n * So You Want My Job\n\nPodcast #449: Faster and Cheaper Alternatives to CollegeSaving for Your Kids’\nCollege Education: A Primer on the 529Podcast #385: Learning How to LearnHow\nto Write the Perfect College Application Essay\n\nHow to Pursue a New Career (While Still Getting the Bills Paid)So You (Or Your\nWife) Wants to Join a Multi-Level Marketing CompanyPodcast #175: How to\nImprove Your Work and Life With Systems10 Tips for Successfully Working from\nHome\n\nPodcast #403: A Better Way to Network#393: The Importance of Building Your\nSocial CapitalMaking Introductions: The FAQsHow to Contact a Busy Person\n\n11 Personal Finance Goals for Your 20sPodcast #659: Do You Want to Be Rich or\nWealthy? (And Why the Difference Matters)8 Personal Finance Lessons from\nBenjamin FranklinPodcast #605: The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now\n\nSo You Want My Job: Stay-at-Home DadSo You Want My Trade: Concrete MasonSo You\nWant My Trade: Elevator MechanicSo You Want My Trade: Automotive\nMechanic/Technician\n\nBrowse all Money & Career\n\n * Fitness\n * Nutrition\n * Sports\n * Wellness\n\nPodcast #415: Forging Mental Strength Through Physical StrengthThe Steve\nMcQueen WorkoutThe Gas Station Ready WorkoutThe Case for Not Listening to\nMusic When You Work Out\n\nPodcast #475: How to Lose Weight, and Keep It Off ForeverPodcast #608: How\nCaffeine Hooks, Hurts, and Helps UsReady, Set, Fast: How Strategic Meal-\nSkipping Can Help You Lose Fat, Gain Muscle, and Get HealthierHow to Make Pine\nNeedle Tea\n\nThe 10 Physical Skills Every Man Should MasterRelax These 2 Body Parts to Run\nFarther and FasterBoys, Ferocity, Frontiers, and SportsHow to Tape an Ankle\n\nHow to Sauna: All the FAQsHow Saunas Can Help Save Your Body, Mind, and\nSpiritPodcast #678: Physical Benchmarks Every Man Should Meet, At Every AgeHow\nto Tame the Dad Sneeze\n\nBrowse all Health & Sports\n\n * Dating\n * Etiquette\n * Fatherhood\n * Friendship\n * Social Skills\n\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccount7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\nGalHow to Write a Love LetterPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through\nHuman Hacking\n\nThe Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy NoteThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions\nNever to AskA Man Is Punctual: The Importance of Being on TimeHow to Acquire\nGood Manners\n\nThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human\nHacking30+ Tricks, Games, and Stunts to Entertain Your Kids on Long, Dark\nWinter NightsPodcast #665: How Childhood Shapes Adulthood\n\nPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human HackingPodcast #670: The\nHidden Tragedy of Male LonelinessThe 3 Reasons Friendships EndThe Best Way to\nMake and Keep Friendships in Adulthood\n\nThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions Never to AskPodcast #680: Influence and\nPersuade Through Human HackingSunday Firesides: Don’t Confuse Niceness With\nKindnessPodcast #462: How to Tell Better Stories\n\nBrowse all Relationships & Family\n\nin: Featured, Hair, Style & Grooming\n\nPatrick Hutchison • April 3, 2020 • Last updated: September 8, 2020\n\n# How to Give Yourself a Buzz Cut\n\nWith our archives now 3,500+ articles deep, we’ve decided to republish a\nclassic piece each Friday to help our newer readers discover some of the best,\nevergreen gems from the past. This article was originally published in June\n2018.\n\nCutting your own hair may seem like a recipe for disaster, but with the right\nstyle it’s easy to save a few bucks doing the job at home. The buzz cut is one\nof the most timeless haircuts a man can get, and it’s also the easiest to do\nyourself. With a few simple tools and a bit of practice, you can give yourself\nprofessional-quality buzz cuts without having to wade through year-old\nmagazines at your local barber’s shop. Here’s how to do it.\n\n### 1\\. Get the Right Tools\n\nBefore you begin your buzz, you’ll want the right tools. Here’s what you’ll\nneed:\n\n * Hair clippers\n * Hand mirror\n * Vacuum\n\nA good pair of hair clippers will make the job a lot faster and easier. Don’t\ntry to use your beard clippers to give yourself a buzz cut; you can save that\nfor detail work once you’re done. You can find a decent pair of clippers\nonline or at your local drugstore for less than $50. Most hair clippers should\ncome with several guard sizes. If you’re trying to decide between kits, choose\none that has #2 and #3 guards, as these are the most common for buzz cuts.\nOnce you’ve got your own set of clippers, make sure to clean and maintain them\nafter each use.\n\nA basic hand mirror, used along with your bathroom mirror, will help you see\nthe back of your neck for trimming work. If you don’t already have one, you\ncan usually pick one up for a few bucks at most drugstores. Finally, while a\nbroom and dustpan will do the job of cleanup, buzz cuts get tiny hairs on just\nabout every surface of your bathroom. A vacuum with a hose attachment will\nmake cleanup much faster and easier.\n\n### 2\\. Check Your Scalp\n\nBefore you plug in your clippers and go to town, do yourself a favor and check\nyour head for the types of strange lumps and bumps that could make a buzz cut\na poor decision for your head shape. Keep in mind, no one’s head is perfectly\nround or smooth. But, scars, skin tags, and bumps will all be visible with a\nsuper short buzz cut. To check your head, simply run your fingers carefully\nover your scalp, feeling for any abnormalities that you might not want to\nexpose with a buzz cut.\n\n### 3\\. Clean Up\n\nClippers work best on clean, dry hair. If you don’t use shampoo every time, do\nit this time. Oily or greasy hair is more difficult for the blades of a\nclipper to slice through, leaving you with an uneven buzz cut. You’ll also end\nup going over the same areas multiple times trying to cut the same slippery\nfollicles. Once your hair is clean, let it fully dry before you start cutting.\n\n### 4\\. Start Long on Top\n\nWith your tools assembled, plug in your clippers and choose your guard size.\nIt’s always best to start with something that errs on the side of being too\nlong. Most barbers perform buzz cuts based on the golden 3-2-1 rule. That\nmeans a #3 guard on the top, a #2 guard on the sides, and a #1 guard to trim\nup the edges. A #3 guard is common to start with because it’s about as short\nas you can go before you start seeing your scalp. Going shorter than this will\ngive your hair a 5 o’clock shadow look rather than a buzz cut.\n\nOnce you’ve chosen your guard size, start on the top of your head, working the\nclippers through your hair from front to back. The clippers should glide along\nyour scalp as you move back. After you’ve gone front to back on the top, go at\nthe top from side to side to clip any stray hairs. With the top done, you can\nstart in on the sides. Move from bottom to top, cutting against the direction\nthat the hair grows in. (You aren’t done with the sides yet though — keep\nreading.)\n\n### 5\\. Man the Mirror for the Back\n\nWhen you’re ready to do the back, stand with your back to the bathroom mirror\nand hold up your hand mirror in front of you. Adjust the hand mirror so that\nyou can see the back of your head reflected in the bathroom mirror. Hold this\nposition while you run the clippers from the back of your neck up toward the\ntop of your head.\n\n### 6\\. Size Down on the Sides\n\nOnce you’ve done your entire head, move down one guard size (to the #2 guard)\nand trim down the sides, again moving from bottom to top. Why make the sides a\nlittle shorter? The hair on the side of your head tends to appear fuller than\non the top of your head. Making it a bit shorter makes the buzz cut appear\nmore uniform overall.\n\n### 7\\. End With a Trim\n\nThere are two main areas to trim once you’re done with your buzz cut: the\nsideburns and the back of your neck. To start, pop a #1 guard onto your hair\nclippers.\n\nTo do your sideburns, place the base of the clippers flush with the side of\nyour face, just below your sideburns. Slowly slide the clippers up until the\ntop edge is at the height you want your sideburns. Then, slowly pull the\nclippers straight through the hair and away from your face.\n\nTrimming the back of your neck is the most challenging part of a buzz cut. If\nyou aren’t comfortable using the hand mirror to do this precision task, you\ncan ask a friend for help or simply leave the hairline natural in back. If\nyou’ve got an impressively hairy neck or unusually asymmetric hairline, then\nuse your hand mirror to carefully trim a straight line across the back of your\nneck. Once the straight line is established, round the corners on each side to\nfinish the job.\n\nIllustrations by Ted Slampyak\n\n### Related Articles\n\nPrevious Next\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\n\nJoin the Strenuous Life\n\nLearn More\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nPodcast #700\n\n###### The Life and Afterlife of Harry Houdini\n\nPodcast #699\n\n###### The No-Nonsense Guide to Simplifying Every Aspect of Your Life\n\nPodcast #698\n\n###### The Secrets of Public Speaking From History’s Greatest Orators\n\nPodcast #697\n\n###### Social Psychology Won’t Save Us\n\nView all\n\nRelated\n\nArticles///\n\n### 20 Aphorisms That I Thought Were Dumb as a Boy But Now Appreciate as a\nGrown Man\n\n### How to Choose Shoes That Fit Perfectly\n\n### Chukka Boots: The FAQ\n\n### The Simplifying Step Missing From Your Laundry Routine\n\nView all\n\nTake action today\n\nJoin The Strenuous Life\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\n\n * Contact\n * Legal\n * About\n * All Topics\n * Archives\n\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\nAoM.\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkPrivacy policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200508165534/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-give-yourself-a-haircut-20131203/cut-into-the-comb/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Give Yourself a Haircut",
"passages": [
"“Pull your hair [on the sides] out with the comb and take your little scissors and nip at it,” she says. “You don’t want to cut a straight line, a blunt cut. You want to cut into it (again, scissors perpendicular to the comb).” This takes away length and weight without risking too much damage. “Cut a lot,” Atkin says. “As long as the comb is pulled out away so you’re not cutting right at the scalp. That comb is your stopper.”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Give Yourself a Haircut\n\nMen's Journal\n\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * Open Comments\n\nHealth & Fitness\n\n# How to Give Yourself a Haircut\n\n6\n\nPhotograph by Jeremy Berger 4 / 6\n\nby Jeremy Berger\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n\n## Cut into the comb.\n\n“Pull your hair [on the sides] out with the comb and take your little scissors\nand nip at it,” she says. “You don’t want to cut a straight line, a blunt cut.\nYou want to cut into it (again, scissors perpendicular to the comb).” This\ntakes away length and weight without risking too much damage. “Cut a lot,”\nAtkin says. “As long as the comb is pulled out away so you’re not cutting\nright at the scalp. That comb is your stopper.”\n\nFor access to exclusive gear videos, celebrity interviews, and more, subscribe\non YouTube!\n\nBack to top\n\nIn order to view the gallery, please allow Manage Cookies\n\n### More News\n\nThese Cotton Face Masks Offer Top Of The Line ComfortGet Free Hemp Hand\nSanitizer With These CBD Immunity ProductsAqua Fight Club: The Underwater\nTorpedo Workout Making a SplashThese Resistance Bands Will Boost Your\nQuarantine Workout RoutineThis Raspberry Ketones Supplement Burns Fat, Not\nMuscle, GuaranteedPick Up This No Contact Thermometer From Amazon Today\n\nAll Stories\n\n### More Videos\n\nThe MJ5: Tony Hawk on His Favorite Gear, Why He Always Carries His Board, and\nMore\n\nHere's the Difference Between Bourbon and Whiskey\n\nYoung Guns and a Supercharged Catamaran: U.S. SailGP Team Takes on New York\nCity\n\nMore from Health & Fitness\n\n * These Cotton Face Masks Offer Top Of The Line Comfort\n * Get Free Hemp Hand Sanitizer With These CBD Immunity Products\n * Aqua Fight Club: The Underwater Torpedo Workout Making a Splash\n * These Resistance Bands Will Boost Your Quarantine Workout Routine\n * This Raspberry Ketones Supplement Burns Fat, Not Muscle, Guaranteed\n * Pick Up This No Contact Thermometer From Amazon Today\n * Need Some New Hand Sanitizer? Amazon Has You Covered\n * Go For A Ride With This Indoor Bike From Bowflex\n * Amazon Has A 20 Pack Of Disposable Face Masks In Stock Now\n\n## Want more?\n\nSign up for our newsletter to get the latest adventures, workouts,\ndestinations, and more.\n\nYou have successfully signed up.\n\nMen’s Journal has affiliate partnerships so we may receive compensation for\nsome links to products and services.\n\nManage Cookies\n\nAmerican Media Active Lifestyle Group\n\n© American Media, Inc. 2020\n\nPowered by WordPress.com VIP\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.financeafter50.com/cut-hair-men/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210126123438/https://www.financeafter50.com/cut-hair-men/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big -",
"passages": [
"The short answer is “Get your wife to do it”. Actually that reminded me of an old parable that my friend shared with me many years ago. It went something like this. “When there are 2 barbers in a shop, which one do you choose?”. ANSWER: “The one with the worse hair cut”. Ba-bump-bump.",
"Seriously though, I was a bit scissor shy at the thought of my wife going at my head with sharp implements and clippers. I got less shy when we became a one income family.",
"I was never a high end haircut guy, so the $50 to $100 trips were never the norm. Over the years, I’d find the low cost provider that I liked. It was usually an older guy, and the cost was usually $10 to $15 plus a few dollar tip. I would go about once per month, or on average about 10 times per year. I like the idea of keeping that $150 to $200 in my own pocket.",
"About 2 years ago, we picked up a set of Remington hair clippers that I reviewed for the Amazon vine program, we got the clippers for free, in exchange for my review, which was a bonus. When I review products I tend to compare many different models, but this was the only model I looked at. It looks like the model that we picked up is no longer available, and one of the things that I like about that model, was that the blade covers were color coded. Regardless, any of these types of clippers should to an ample job. When you buy one that comes in a kit, it usually also has a pair of scissors and a comb too, so you can’t just use those instead of your every day tools.",
"It’s actually fun and I look forward to when my wife cuts my hair, even though she still gets a bit anxious about it. I usually get it done, before jumping in the shower in the morning, so I can easily rinse off any extra hair pieces.",
"The keys to getting a good cut are: 1. Don’t rush 2. Give guidance 3. Make sure you clear ears and back of the neck.",
"All of these are important for a good cut, and I don’t get freaked out about anything. Providing calm guidance to a new barber in training is important. The areas that I mention in step 3, are usually wild areas, that are overgrown and indicate that a haircut is needed in the first place. If you can focus on light thinning and cleaning up the areas around the ears and sideburns, you should come out with a great cut. Each time my wife does it she gets better, and we put $20 in our pocket. Have you ever tried giving your partner a haircut or would let them try on you?",
"My wife has been cutting my hair for years now (at least 5 years at this point) and it’s been great. I don’t have to deal with telling the barber what kind of haircut I want, and really, it’s not even the cost savings that I care about all that much – it’s all of the time I save! Instead of spending an hour or more to get my haircut, I can just get it cut anytime I want in 10 or 15 minutes.",
"Love that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it give me and the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and it’s she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!",
"Love that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it gives me and the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big -\n\nFinance, Frugal tips, Saving, Spending\n\n# Learn how to cut your own hair men and save big\n\nNovember 18, 2017 3 Comments\n\n# Frugal Money saving tip #6\n\nThe short answer is “Get your wife to do it”. Actually that reminded me of an\nold parable that my friend shared with me many years ago. It went something\nlike this. “When there are 2 barbers in a shop, which one do you choose?”.\nANSWER: “The one with the worse hair cut”. Ba-bump-bump.\n\nSeriously though, I was a bit scissor shy at the thought of my wife going at\nmy head with sharp implements and clippers. I got less shy when we became a\none income family.\n\nEven before that, I’d often wonder to myself: “How do you cut your own hair?”\n\nI was never a high end haircut guy, so the $50 to $100 trips were never the\nnorm. Over the years, I’d find the low cost provider that I liked. It was\nusually an older guy, and the cost was usually $10 to $15 plus a few dollar\ntip. I would go about once per month, or on average about 10 times per year. I\nlike the idea of keeping that $150 to $200 in my own pocket.\n\n## Tools for a haircut at home\n\nAbout 2 years ago, we picked up a set of Remington hair clippers that I\nreviewed for the Amazon vine program, we got the clippers for free, in\nexchange for my review, which was a bonus. When I review products I tend to\ncompare many different models, but this was the only model I looked at. It\nlooks like the model that we picked up is no longer available, and one of the\nthings that I like about that model, was that the blade covers were color\ncoded. Regardless, any of these types of clippers should to an ample job. When\nyou buy one that comes in a kit, it usually also has a pair of scissors and a\ncomb too, so you can’t just use those instead of your every day tools.\n\nIt’s actually fun and I look forward to when my wife cuts my hair, even though\nshe still gets a bit anxious about it. I usually get it done, before jumping\nin the shower in the morning, so I can easily rinse off any extra hair pieces.\n\n### The keys to getting a good haircut at home\n\nThe keys to getting a good cut are: 1. Don’t rush 2. Give guidance 3. Make\nsure you clear ears and back of the neck.\n\nAll of these are important for a good cut, and I don’t get freaked out about\nanything. Providing calm guidance to a new barber in training is important.\nThe areas that I mention in step 3, are usually wild areas, that are overgrown\nand indicate that a haircut is needed in the first place. If you can focus on\nlight thinning and cleaning up the areas around the ears and sideburns, you\nshould come out with a great cut. Each time my wife does it she gets better,\nand we put $20 in our pocket. Have you ever tried giving your partner a\nhaircut or would let them try on you?\n\nBarberFrugalFrugal savingHairHaircutSaving\n\nPrevious Post Next Post\n\n#### Jim P\n\nIn this area you can display your biographic info. Just visit Users > Your\nProfile > Biographic info\n\n#### You may also like\n\nOctober 20, 2016\n\n## Minimize your costs on home improvement projects\n\nNovember 15, 2016\n\n## Good opportunities to shift to buy and hold\n\nJuly 30, 2017\n\n## Why Money and manners should matter to millennials\n\n### 3 comments\n\n 1. Financial Panther says:\n\nNovember 18, 2017 at 5:49 pm\n\nMy wife has been cutting my hair for years now (at least 5 years at this\npoint) and it’s been great. I don’t have to deal with telling the barber what\nkind of haircut I want, and really, it’s not even the cost savings that I care\nabout all that much – it’s all of the time I save! Instead of spending an hour\nor more to get my haircut, I can just get it cut anytime I want in 10 or 15\nminutes.\n\nReply\n\n 1. Jim P says:\n\nNovember 18, 2017 at 6:04 pm\n\nLove that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it give me\nand the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and\nit’s she’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3\ntimes in the past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start\nover!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Jim Powell says:\n\nNovember 19, 2017 at 6:23 am\n\nLove that! Agreed, big time savings. Also, as corny as it sounds, it gives me\nand the wife more time together. We always laugh when getting it done, and\nshe’s all proud when she does a good job. I’ve shaved my head 2 or 3 times in\nthe past, so I just say, if it gets too messed up I’ll just start over!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### About Me\n\nI'm a 50+ guy who found a need for resources for life and employment at middle\nage.\n\n### Optin Form\n\n### My most popular posts\n\n * July 24, 2017\n\n## Career Crossroads hurdles are more common now\n\n * October 27, 2017\n\n## Blogging is not for faint of heart\n\n * October 28, 2017\n\n## Amazon gets rid of “negative” votes on reviews\n\n * November 15, 2017\n\n## How to take a 401k early withdraw for education\n\n * November 16, 2017\n\n## Why I don’t intend to monetize my blog (yet)\n\n### Resources I like\n\nClick here for resources I like and use.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210915211634/https://www.themodestman.com/cutting-your-own-hair/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Cut Your Own Hair with Clippers",
"passages": [
"Clothes can make (or break) the man...but what about your haircut? Here’s how to cut your own hair at home.",
"Even a slightly disheveled pile of hair can ruin an otherwise immaculate impression. I’ve seen a lot of men who look dapper...until you notice something’s a bit off with their hairstyle.",
"The truth is, haircuts definitely have a strict “expiration date.” For a long time, I was a regular offender by not sticking to it and failing to revitalize my undercut.",
"Unfortunately, soon after I started caring more about my hairstyle routine, I experienced rapid hair loss. Over a period of only 4 months, a severe diffuse thinning robbed me of the wavy hair I had had over the past 23 years.",
"After a few weeks of torture and hating myself, I decided I’d had enough. I bought a pair of clippers and shaved it all off to a #2.",
"I could’ve gone to a barber, yes, but I wanted to do it by myself. It felt like a rite of passage to mark a rather shocking stage in my life.",
"Following that, I became increasingly interested in DIY haircuts and haircutting tools. I’ve cut my friends’ hair, consulted aspiring barbers in their choice of tools and experimented with clippers by disassembling them and customizing them.",
"As I like to say – what started as a coping mechanism has turned into a passion. My latest haul looks like this:",
"There are so many products to choose from, but our top pick is the Wahl Complete Pro, which comes with everything you need for a great DIY haircut.",
"You can easily become your own hairstylist. No, I’m not only talking about simple buzzcuts. I’ve seen a lot of people shaping very neat fades or undercuts with a little bit of practice.",
"Going the DIY haircut way is very satisfying. You’re in full control of your looks, you learn a cool new skill and you save quite a bit of money in the process. There’s literally nothing not to like... except maybe the 5-10 minutes of post-haircut cleanup.",
"Your cuts will look like crap if you don’t do a little bit of due diligence. It won’t even matter if you have a natural talent for DIY haircutting.",
"I’ve seen a lot of people complaining about clippers “chewing” on their hair without cutting properly, breaking down in no time, blades rusting, etc.",
"This is quite similar to me getting a pair of $10 headphones and wondering why the sound sucks and why they broke after a month or two.",
"Don’t make the same mistake. Quality clippers don’t need to be very expensive, but you do tend to get what you pay for. Here are a few tips:",
"The big three are Wahl, Andis and Oster, with a thumbs up for Remington too. I know some people like Conair, but I haven’t had good experiences with their clippers.",
"Everything below that might lack performance, everything above that is a premium that you don’t necessarily need. A lot of barbers actually use mid- range clippers like Oster Fast Feeds or Wahl Magic Clips.",
"Some models come packed with lots of additional things – from scissors, to capes and luxury storage boxes. You may or may not need these.",
"What you definitely need are clipper guards, as many of them as possible. They define how versatile you are in your DIY hairstyling.",
"A typical clipper weighs around 1 lbs and is 6′′ or so in size. Models above that usually have metal in their construction.",
"Your typical home clippers are the adjustable blade type. Their symbolic feature is a side lever that looks like this:",
"This little guy gives you valuable control over the length of your cuts. Pulling the lever in a “closed” position will cut your hair shorter. Leaving it “open” will allow for longer cutting lengths.",
"Basically, you get a simple, convenient way to further control how much hair you cut, aside from clipper combs. You can layer your hair mid-cut with a quick flick of the lever.",
"Detachable blade clippers are the Cadillacs of haircutting tools. Their cuts are crisper and honestly, you’ll feel like a hairstylist with a decade of experience behind your back.",
"While there are comb sets for detachable clippers too, the real pride and satisfaction of using one comes exactly by sticking to naked blades.",
"In most of the cases, I recommend you pick an adjustable blade clipper. They are quite straightforward to work with, cheaper and usually come with more accessories.",
"What I love about cutting hair with clippers is how much more of a streamlined, convenient process it is compared to working with scissors.",
"If you’re not doing something overly complicated with your hair, it can take as few as three minutes for a quick buzzcut, or 10-15 minutes for something more demanding.",
"The only hard-set rule when you’re cutting your own hair is to go against the grain. Your hair’s direction might differ depending on the specific part of your head.",
"If you’re going to do a shorter buzz, pay special attention to the crown. I feel the skin there is a little bit more tender than other parts of our heads, so be more gentle.",
"Note that the area around the ear can be a bit tricky. A lot of the clipper kits, especially the Wahl ones, include specific attachments called “ear tapers.”",
"Make sure you use them instead of the standard combs. If you’re working with a naked blade, make especially slow motions so as not to poke your ear. There won’t be blood, but it still hurts.",
"I go bottom-to-top in an against the grain motion once more. Usually this is where you’ll need a small hand mirror to see how your cutting efforts are turning out.",
"Yes, you can get by just “feeling” the length of your hair. However, there’s a high chance you’ll miss some parts.",
"For the neckline, you might consider a neckline template – local shops and Amazon should have them. Or you can just make your own! I’ve even heard about people using belts to get their neckline right.",
"For me, placing my fingers and taking a good look at the hand mirror while going slowly with the trimmer are more than enough.",
"A very simple, yet effective tip regardless of your preferred hair length is to leave the sides a bit shorter than the top.",
"Most of the time, hair on the sides appears to be bulkier which might make your hairstyle lack symmetry. Taking a bit more off the sides preserves the balance and makes your hair look neater.",
"So for example, if you go with a #6 guard on your top, make the sides a #5 or #4. I’m partial to the more discrete 1 size difference – when I started buzzing my head, it was a #2 all over.",
"Before moving to my current close-to-bald shave, I found out that a #2 on the sides and a longer #3 on top looks way more presentable. The slight difference evened out the denser hair on the sides and the sparse remains on top.",
"For me, a #4 would be too much of a contrast, as you can see from the difference in combs:",
"As I mentioned before, most of the kits should come with quite a few guards included. Their lengths are standardized between brands, with very small deviations present.",
"Usually, you’ll get attachments numbered from #1 to #8. Here’s what length they cut to (inches shown are equal to the amount of hair left on your head):",
"As I mentioned, before my hair loss I’d sometimes get lazy with keeping my haircut fresh. Other times, the postponing was due to purely financial reasons.",
"But there’s a third factor: from time to time, I just didn’t want to bother with the social side of hitting the barber shop. I suck at small talk and if you’re not in a good mood, the whole grooming session can get really awkward.",
"The good thing with home haircuts is that you can refresh your hairstyle whenever you wish. 10PM? No problem, just grab the clippers and get to work. Not in the mood? Nobody forces you to go through small talk or any social interactions anyways!",
"These two areas are the biggest offenders when it comes to haircuts that seem like they’ve gone past their “expiry date.”",
"It’s because these sections are delicate lines that require more frequent touching up. Just a few overgrown hairs and you’re looking like a careless caveman.",
"If you already have a quality beard trimmer, you can actually use it (naked blade) to touch up both areas. In my case, I prefer a professional hair trimmer like this Andis T Outliner:",
"Which prompts me to make an important distinction: hair clippers and hair trimmers are two completely different tools. I’ve seen a lot of people use them interchangeably, but that’s straight up wrong.",
"Notice the blade teeth? Very small and situated close to each other. Most trimmers also have a limited number of guards, if any at all.",
"Hair clippers were meant to work on your hair or serve as grooming tools for longer beards. Check what the blade on the Wahl Senior looks like:",
"As you can guess, the wider teeth and bigger blade easily miss the mark when it comes to detailed work. That’s why they’re not optimal if you want to do keep your sideburns or neckline properly trimmed.",
"The neckline is especially sneaky, as we usually don’t pay attention to what happens in the lower part of the back of our head.",
"It really depends on how hairy you are, and what’s your hair growth rate, but do frequent checks with the side mirror.",
"As for the sideburns, if I shave my beard, I leave them higher. A standard practice when they grow out is to just trim them to the halfway point of your ears.",
"If you have an extremely thick neck, I advise you to go for a tapered/layered neckline, just like the fade haircuts you’re seeing. Conversely, if it’s thin, go for a more squared shape as it’ll add a bit of volume to your neck.",
"A possible enemy of any dapper looking haircut can be the growth of unhealthy hair. Breakages and split hairs; dreary looking locks – if you’re too harsh on your hair, these can significantly shorten the life of your haircut.",
"When I had longer hair, I always preferred to stick to towels and pat gently, with slow motions to minimize the risks of hair breakages.",
"Using a good conditioner is also quite important as it fosters the growth of smooth, healthy hair. I don’t recommend you use it every day, especially if you have fine hair.",
"However, conditioners are not a one-size-fits-all product. What works for some other men might be a total disaster for you.",
"What I want to say here is that in any case, you should stick to a suitable conditioner if you want to preserve your hairstyle’s brilliance for a longer time.",
"Hair clippers save you money and give you access to a pretty cool skill. In return, they want something very basic: maintenance.",
"The frequency depends on how much hair you cut, but generally make sure you oil your clippers after every cut. For quicker, shorter buzzcuts every other cut is acceptable too.",
"Make sure you remove all remains after every single cut. Hair and debris will deteriorate your clipper blade’s sharpness and will reduce the quality of your cuts.",
"Not necessarily after every cut, but make sure you clean the blades from time to time. As I cut pretty close and there’s contact with my skin, I disinfect my blades at least twice per month.",
"The good thing is most clippers come with a small tube of clipper oil and a tiny brush included in the set. As for disinfectants, both Wahl and Andis have sprays or liquids that take care of that.",
"Pro Tip: If you lose your cleaning brush (something I’ve been guilty of quite a few times!), a small toothbrush should do the job just fine too!",
"I have the feeling that way too many people think of DIY haircuts and clippers as something that’s way more complicated than it really is.",
"Sure, if you’re rocking a very intricate hairstyle, it’s probably not worth it to try to emulate your barber’s technique.",
"But honestly, probably more than half of the men I’ve seen so far stick to relatively simple haircuts that can be easily done at home. No doubt, it might take a “trial” cut or two to get things right, but it saves time, it saves money, and gives you a new DIY skill to brag about.",
"A total no-brainer given its price and all the accessories you receive, I’ve dubbed this model “The King of Home Haircuts”.",
"I want to commend two things here – it’s wide, curved blade that follows the head shape better than traditional blades, and the extra small, palm-sized body.",
"If you’re just experimenting with the idea of cutting your own hair, I’d recommend starting with something inexpensive. You can always upgrade later on!",
"The Modest Man staff writers are experts in men's lifestyle who love teaching guys how to live their best lives.",
"Or just be a big boy and go to a barber and have it done right. I’ve never, ever seen a good DIY haircut with the exception of the buzz.",
"I’ve seen plenty of bad ones Brock and each owner has been all too happy to share with me that they did it themselves. Two things my dad taught me – keep your mouth closed when your either angry or under water, and leave the haircuts to the professionals.",
"Hey Brock. Hair cuts should be left to the Professionals, for all the gents i know that tried to cut their own hair was not successful i always say don’t be cheap when it comes to hair cuts pay a professional there are no shorts cuts when it comes to hair cuts",
"I’ve been cutting my husband and 2 sons hair (with clippers) for almost 30 years. Great information and tips here-still learning Thanks",
"Hi Brock. I have cut my own hair since I was first hired at an airline in October 1990. With an airline pilot schedule, the last thing I want to do is make another appointment in my life to do what? Haircut! No. I do it myself. Your tips are spot on. I have already incorporated them over the years, but it was a nice validation to view them on your site.",
"This is great information Brock. I may need to begin cutting my son’s hair at home (instead of the barber shop) for the first time and this has been the best overview I’ve seen while reviewing tutorials. Thanks!!!",
"I think it would be easier to cut another’s hair than one’s own. I know people who cut there kid’s and parents hair quite well after the beginning.",
"🧦 Falke Invisible Step Socks – not cheap, but perhaps the best no show socks you can buy right now",
"👕 Ash & Erie Short Sleeve Button Up – short sleeve button up shirts in lots of colors (perfect untucked length)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Cut Your Own Hair with Clippers\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nThe Modest Man\n\nHome\n\n/ Grooming\n\n/ A Beginner’s Guide to Cutting Your Own Hair at Home\n\n# A Beginner’s Guide to Cutting Your Own Hair at Home\n\nPublished on October 16, 2017 by TMM Staff · Grooming, Popular\n\nMay contain affiliate links (what's this?)\n\nClothes can make (or break) the man...but what about your haircut? Here’s how\nto cut your own hair at home.\n\n### Table of Contents\n\n * You NEED the Proper Tools\n * Cutting Your Own Hair\n * Making Your Haircut Last Longer\n * Hair Clipper Maintenance\n * Final Thoughts & Recommendations\n\nEven a slightly disheveled pile of hair can ruin an otherwise immaculate\nimpression. I’ve seen a lot of men who look dapper...until you notice\nsomething’s a bit off with their hairstyle.\n\nIt could be an overgrown neckline that has lost its trimmed neatness.\n\nA fade haircut where the sides have gotten way too thick to achieve the\nlayered effect properly.\n\nOr just your standard easy cut that’s turned into a jungle of messy locks\nbefore you even realized.\n\n> The truth is, haircuts definitely have a strict “expiration date.” For a\n> long time, I was a regular offender by not sticking to it and failing to\n> revitalize my undercut.\n\nSometimes I was just lazy. On other occasions the financial side of things was\nto blame. It can be expensive if you want to keep your hair in check\nfrequently!\n\nUnfortunately, soon after I started caring more about my hairstyle routine, I\nexperienced rapid hair loss. Over a period of only 4 months, a severe diffuse\nthinning robbed me of the wavy hair I had had over the past 23 years.\n\nAfter a few weeks of torture and hating myself, I decided I’d had enough. I\nbought a pair of clippers and shaved it all off to a #2.\n\nI could’ve gone to a barber, yes, but I wanted to do it by myself. It felt\nlike a rite of passage to mark a rather shocking stage in my life.\n\nFollowing that, I became increasingly interested in DIY haircuts and\nhaircutting tools. I’ve cut my friends’ hair, consulted aspiring barbers in\ntheir choice of tools and experimented with clippers by disassembling them and\ncustomizing them.\n\nAs I like to say – what started as a coping mechanism has turned into a\npassion. My latest haul looks like this:\n\nThere are so many products to choose from, but our top pick is the Wahl\nComplete Pro, which comes with everything you need for a great DIY haircut.\n\nYou can easily become your own hairstylist. No, I’m not only talking about\nsimple buzzcuts. I’ve seen a lot of people shaping very neat fades or\nundercuts with a little bit of practice.\n\nGoing the DIY haircut way is very satisfying. You’re in full control of your\nlooks, you learn a cool new skill and you save quite a bit of money in the\nprocess. There’s literally nothing not to like... except maybe the 5-10\nminutes of post-haircut cleanup.\n\nLet’s take a look at a few basics of trying out a home haircut.\n\n## You NEED the Proper Tools\n\nYour cuts will look like crap if you don’t do a little bit of due diligence.\nIt won’t even matter if you have a natural talent for DIY haircutting.\n\nI’ve seen a lot of people complaining about clippers “chewing” on their hair\nwithout cutting properly, breaking down in no time, blades rusting, etc.\n\nGuess what? 90% of the time they were shooting for cheap clippers off the\nshelves in Walmart for $15.\n\nThis is quite similar to me getting a pair of $10 headphones and wondering why\nthe sound sucks and why they broke after a month or two.\n\nDon’t make the same mistake. Quality clippers don’t need to be very expensive,\nbut you do tend to get what you pay for. Here are a few tips:\n\n### Hair Clipper Brands\n\nThe big three are Wahl, Andis and Oster, with a thumbs up for Remington too. I\nknow some people like Conair, but I haven’t had good experiences with their\nclippers.\n\n### Price Range\n\n$35 to $60 is a good price tag for clippers that are suited for home users.\n\nEverything below that might lack performance, everything above that is a\npremium that you don’t necessarily need. A lot of barbers actually use mid-\nrange clippers like Oster Fast Feeds or Wahl Magic Clips.\n\nGoing above $90 means you’re getting professional tools that you’ll see in\nhigher end barbershops.\n\n### Accessories & Extras\n\nSome models come packed with lots of additional things – from scissors, to\ncapes and luxury storage boxes. You may or may not need these.\n\nWhat you definitely need are clipper guards, as many of them as possible. They\ndefine how versatile you are in your DIY hairstyling.\n\n### Size & Weight\n\nA typical clipper weighs around 1 lbs and is 6′′ or so in size. Models above\nthat usually have metal in their construction.\n\nThey will heat up and tire your hands more.\n\nLightweight clippers are usually cordless, but be careful – you might be\ntrading performance for their convenience.\n\n### Adjustable vs. Detachable Blade Clippers\n\nYour typical home clippers are the adjustable blade type. Their symbolic\nfeature is a side lever that looks like this:\n\nThis little guy gives you valuable control over the length of your cuts.\nPulling the lever in a “closed” position will cut your hair shorter. Leaving\nit “open” will allow for longer cutting lengths.\n\nBasically, you get a simple, convenient way to further control how much hair\nyou cut, aside from clipper combs. You can layer your hair mid-cut with a\nquick flick of the lever.\n\n> Detachable blade clippers are the Cadillacs of haircutting tools. Their cuts\n> are crisper and honestly, you’ll feel like a hairstylist with a decade of\n> experience behind your back.\n\nThis type works in a completely different way. To control the cutting length,\nyou have to swap one blade with a different sized one. This can feel a bit\noverwhelming for beginners, not to mention the whole ordeal costs more.\n\nWhile there are comb sets for detachable clippers too, the real pride and\nsatisfaction of using one comes exactly by sticking to naked blades.\n\nIn most of the cases, I recommend you pick an adjustable blade clipper. They\nare quite straightforward to work with, cheaper and usually come with more\naccessories.\n\n## Cutting Your Own Hair\n\nWhat I love about cutting hair with clippers is how much more of a\nstreamlined, convenient process it is compared to working with scissors.\n\nIf you’re not doing something overly complicated with your hair, it can take\nas few as three minutes for a quick buzzcut, or 10-15 minutes for something\nmore demanding.\n\nThe only hard-set rule when you’re cutting your own hair is to go against the\ngrain. Your hair’s direction might differ depending on the specific part of\nyour head.\n\nHere’s how I usually buzz my head and do easy cuts on my friends:\n\n### Step 1: Start with the top by going front to back\n\nIf you’re going to do a shorter buzz, pay special attention to the crown. I\nfeel the skin there is a little bit more tender than other parts of our heads,\nso be more gentle.\n\n### Step 2: Move to the sides\n\nNote that the area around the ear can be a bit tricky. A lot of the clipper\nkits, especially the Wahl ones, include specific attachments called “ear\ntapers.”\n\nMake sure you use them instead of the standard combs. If you’re working with a\nnaked blade, make especially slow motions so as not to poke your ear. There\nwon’t be blood, but it still hurts.\n\n### Step 3: The back of the head comes last\n\nI go bottom-to-top in an against the grain motion once more. Usually this is\nwhere you’ll need a small hand mirror to see how your cutting efforts are\nturning out.\n\nYes, you can get by just “feeling” the length of your hair. However, there’s a\nhigh chance you’ll miss some parts.\n\nTo avoid looking ridiculous, just use the hand mirror so you don’t end up with\nuneven hair patches.\n\n### Step 4: Give the neckline and sideburns some love\n\nThis is crucial. You want them to look sharp, otherwise they’ll ruin your cut.\n\nFor the neckline, you might consider a neckline template – local shops and\nAmazon should have them. Or you can just make your own! I’ve even heard about\npeople using belts to get their neckline right.\n\nFor me, placing my fingers and taking a good look at the hand mirror while\ngoing slowly with the trimmer are more than enough.\n\nA very simple, yet effective tip regardless of your preferred hair length is\nto leave the sides a bit shorter than the top.\n\n> Most of the time, hair on the sides appears to be bulkier which might make\n> your hairstyle lack symmetry. Taking a bit more off the sides preserves the\n> balance and makes your hair look neater.\n\nUsually there’s a 1 or 2 clipper sizes difference between the two sections.\n\nSo for example, if you go with a #6 guard on your top, make the sides a #5 or\n#4. I’m partial to the more discrete 1 size difference – when I started\nbuzzing my head, it was a #2 all over.\n\nBefore moving to my current close-to-bald shave, I found out that a #2 on the\nsides and a longer #3 on top looks way more presentable. The slight difference\nevened out the denser hair on the sides and the sparse remains on top.\n\nFor me, a #4 would be too much of a contrast, as you can see from the\ndifference in combs:\n\nSpeaking of sizes and numbers...\n\n## Standard Cutting Lengths\n\nAs I mentioned before, most of the kits should come with quite a few guards\nincluded. Their lengths are standardized between brands, with very small\ndeviations present.\n\nUsually, you’ll get attachments numbered from #1 to #8. Here’s what length\nthey cut to (inches shown are equal to the amount of hair left on your head):\n\n * #1 – 1/8′′ or 3 mm\n * #2 – 1/4′′ or 6 mm\n * #3 – 3/8′′ or 10 mm\n * #4 – 1/2′′ or 13 mm\n * #5 – 5/8′′ or 16 mm\n * #6 – 3/4′′ or 19 mm\n * #7 – 7/8′′ or 22 mm\n * #8 – 1′′ or 25 mm\n\nGenerally size increments are around 1/8′′ or 3 mm.\n\nThere’s a few additional sizes that might are more situational and might not\nbe included with some clippers:\n\n * #0 (or #1/2 with Wahl clippers) – 1/16′′ or 1.5 mm\n * # 1 1/2 (Wahl clippers) – 3/16′′ or 4.5 mm\n * #10 (Wahl clippers) – 1 1/4′′ or 32 mm\n * #12 (Wahl clippers) – 1 1/2′′ or 38 mm\n\nEither way, here’s how to make your home haircut last longer.\n\n## Making Your Haircut Last Longer\n\nSome people love going to the barbershop. For others, it can be a bit of a\nstruggle.\n\nAs I mentioned, before my hair loss I’d sometimes get lazy with keeping my\nhaircut fresh. Other times, the postponing was due to purely financial\nreasons.\n\nBut there’s a third factor: from time to time, I just didn’t want to bother\nwith the social side of hitting the barber shop. I suck at small talk and if\nyou’re not in a good mood, the whole grooming session can get really awkward.\n\nThe good thing with home haircuts is that you can refresh your hairstyle\nwhenever you wish. 10PM? No problem, just grab the clippers and get to work.\nNot in the mood? Nobody forces you to go through small talk or any social\ninteractions anyways!\n\nHome haircuts can be a relaxed way of doing some proper touch-ups between your\nfull haircuts.\n\n### Clean up your sideburns and neckline\n\nThese two areas are the biggest offenders when it comes to haircuts that seem\nlike they’ve gone past their “expiry date.”\n\nEven when your hair is actually still on point!\n\nIt’s because these sections are delicate lines that require more frequent\ntouching up. Just a few overgrown hairs and you’re looking like a careless\ncaveman.\n\nOkay, that was quite the hyperbole, but these can get messy in no time,\nreally.\n\nHowever, clippers won’t do a great job here. What you really need is a proper\nhair trimmer.\n\nIf you already have a quality beard trimmer, you can actually use it (naked\nblade) to touch up both areas. In my case, I prefer a professional hair\ntrimmer like this Andis T Outliner:\n\nWhich prompts me to make an important distinction: hair clippers and hair\ntrimmers are two completely different tools. I’ve seen a lot of people use\nthem interchangeably, but that’s straight up wrong.\n\nHere’s how a typical T-Blade hair trimmer looks:\n\nNotice the blade teeth? Very small and situated close to each other. Most\ntrimmers also have a limited number of guards, if any at all.\n\nThey’re made for maintaining stubble or shorter beards, touching up sideburns,\nshaping necklines or doing edge-ups.\n\nHair clippers were meant to work on your hair or serve as grooming tools for\nlonger beards. Check what the blade on the Wahl Senior looks like:\n\nThis is a professional grade Wahl Clipper\n\nAs you can guess, the wider teeth and bigger blade easily miss the mark when\nit comes to detailed work. That’s why they’re not optimal if you want to do\nkeep your sideburns or neckline properly trimmed.\n\nThe neckline is especially sneaky, as we usually don’t pay attention to what\nhappens in the lower part of the back of our head.\n\nIt really depends on how hairy you are, and what’s your hair growth rate, but\ndo frequent checks with the side mirror.\n\n> As for the sideburns, if I shave my beard, I leave them higher. A standard\n> practice when they grow out is to just trim them to the halfway point of\n> your ears.\n\nMy neckline has decided to grow out like a gorilla’s, for some reason, so I\nhave to clean it up every 2-3 days. If you’re luckier guy than me, once per\nweek should be fine.\n\nIf you have an extremely thick neck, I advise you to go for a tapered/layered\nneckline, just like the fade haircuts you’re seeing. Conversely, if it’s thin,\ngo for a more squared shape as it’ll add a bit of volume to your neck.\n\n### Ensure new hairs are healthy\n\nThe sideburns and neckline are the little details, but let’s not forget about\nthe bulk of your hair.\n\nA possible enemy of any dapper looking haircut can be the growth of unhealthy\nhair. Breakages and split hairs; dreary looking locks – if you’re too harsh on\nyour hair, these can significantly shorten the life of your haircut.\n\nThe best solution is to be careful with drying your hair, as it’s most\nvulnerable when it’s wet.\n\nWhen I had longer hair, I always preferred to stick to towels and pat gently,\nwith slow motions to minimize the risks of hair breakages.\n\nUsing a good conditioner is also quite important as it fosters the growth of\nsmooth, healthy hair. I don’t recommend you use it every day, especially if\nyou have fine hair.\n\nHowever, conditioners are not a one-size-fits-all product. What works for some\nother men might be a total disaster for you.\n\nFine hair will need a thickening conditioner for optimal healthiness and\nlooks; this could backfire for thicker hair types.\n\nWhat I want to say here is that in any case, you should stick to a suitable\nconditioner if you want to preserve your hairstyle’s brilliance for a longer\ntime.\n\n## Hair Clipper Maintenance\n\nHair clippers save you money and give you access to a pretty cool skill. In\nreturn, they want something very basic: maintenance.\n\nDon’t worry, it’s not an overly complicated task! It boils down to three\nthings:\n\n### #1: Oiling\n\nThe frequency depends on how much hair you cut, but generally make sure you\noil your clippers after every cut. For quicker, shorter buzzcuts every other\ncut is acceptable too.\n\n### #2: Cleaning leftover hair\n\nMake sure you remove all remains after every single cut. Hair and debris will\ndeteriorate your clipper blade’s sharpness and will reduce the quality of your\ncuts.\n\n### #3: Disinfecting\n\nNot necessarily after every cut, but make sure you clean the blades from time\nto time. As I cut pretty close and there’s contact with my skin, I disinfect\nmy blades at least twice per month.\n\nThe good thing is most clippers come with a small tube of clipper oil and a\ntiny brush included in the set. As for disinfectants, both Wahl and Andis have\nsprays or liquids that take care of that.\n\nPro Tip: If you lose your cleaning brush (something I’ve been guilty of quite\na few times!), a small toothbrush should do the job just fine too!\n\n## Final Thoughts & Recommendations\n\nI have the feeling that way too many people think of DIY haircuts and clippers\nas something that’s way more complicated than it really is.\n\nSure, if you’re rocking a very intricate hairstyle, it’s probably not worth it\nto try to emulate your barber’s technique.\n\nBut honestly, probably more than half of the men I’ve seen so far stick to\nrelatively simple haircuts that can be easily done at home. No doubt, it might\ntake a “trial” cut or two to get things right, but it saves time, it saves\nmoney, and gives you a new DIY skill to brag about.\n\nIf you’re looking for some product suggestions, here’s what’s worked for me\nand the people around me:\n\n→ Whole haircutting kit: Wahl Elite Pro\n\nThis is actually what other pro reviewers like The Sweethome recommend too.\n\nWahl Elite Pro Kit (pretty much all you need to cut your own hair)\n\nA total no-brainer given its price and all the accessories you receive, I’ve\ndubbed this model “The King of Home Haircuts”.\n\n→ Cordless, lightweight clipper: Remington HC4250\n\nI want to commend two things here – it’s wide, curved blade that follows the\nhead shape better than traditional blades, and the extra small, palm-sized\nbody.\n\nKeep in mind that it’s perfect for buzzcuts, but not optimal for layered\nhairstyles.\n\n→ More professional tools: Oster Fast Feed / Wahl Magic Clip\n\n→ Barber-grade detachable blade clipper: Oster Classic 76\n\nIf you’re just experimenting with the idea of cutting your own hair, I’d\nrecommend starting with something inexpensive. You can always upgrade later\non!\n\nQuestions? Ask them below in the comments section!\n\nGrooming, Popular Filed Under:DIY, hair 9 comments\n\n### Related Posts\n\nThe 18 Best Men’s Hairstyles to Try in 2021The Best Sulfate-Free Shampoos for\nMen in 202111 Easy Low Maintenance Men’s Hairstyles10 Handsome Grey Hairstyles\nfor Men (Young and Old)\n\n#### About TMM Staff\n\nThe Modest Man staff writers are experts in men's lifestyle who love teaching\nguys how to live their best lives.\n\n### Join the Club\n\nNever miss a post, plus grab this free guide (instant download). No spam.\nEver.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Sal Rabinowitz says\n\nNovember 6, 2017 at 5:59 pm\n\nOr just be a big boy and go to a barber and have it done right. I’ve never,\never seen a good DIY haircut with the exception of the buzz.\n\nReply\n\n * Brock says\n\nNovember 6, 2017 at 11:07 pm\n\nHow would you know if you had seen one?\n\nReply\n\n * Sal Rabinowitz says\n\nNovember 7, 2017 at 11:36 am\n\nI’ve seen plenty of bad ones Brock and each owner has been all too happy to\nshare with me that they did it themselves. Two things my dad taught me – keep\nyour mouth closed when your either angry or under water, and leave the\nhaircuts to the professionals.\n\nReply\n\n * Brock says\n\nNovember 7, 2017 at 12:08 pm\n\nSounds like that first lesson may not have sunk in fully...\n\nReply\n\n 2. FREDRICK WATERS says\n\nFebruary 15, 2019 at 2:17 pm\n\nHey Brock. Hair cuts should be left to the Professionals, for all the gents i\nknow that tried to cut their own hair was not successful i always say don’t be\ncheap when it comes to hair cuts pay a professional there are no shorts cuts\nwhen it comes to hair cuts\n\nReply\n\n 3. Mary says\n\nJune 11, 2019 at 7:52 pm\n\nI’ve been cutting my husband and 2 sons hair (with clippers) for almost 30\nyears. Great information and tips here-still learning Thanks\n\nReply\n\n 4. Ken says\n\nJuly 7, 2019 at 10:56 pm\n\nHi Brock. I have cut my own hair since I was first hired at an airline in\nOctober 1990. With an airline pilot schedule, the last thing I want to do is\nmake another appointment in my life to do what? Haircut! No. I do it myself.\nYour tips are spot on. I have already incorporated them over the years, but it\nwas a nice validation to view them on your site.\n\nCiao’ Ken\n\nReply\n\n 5. Esti says\n\nApril 11, 2020 at 12:00 pm\n\nThis is great information Brock. I may need to begin cutting my son’s hair at\nhome (instead of the barber shop) for the first time and this has been the\nbest overview I’ve seen while reviewing tutorials. Thanks!!!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Greg Bankston says\n\nNovember 24, 2020 at 2:44 pm\n\nI think it would be easier to cut another’s hair than one’s own. I know people\nwho cut there kid’s and parents hair quite well after the beginning.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Join the Club\n\nNever miss a post, plus grab this free guide (instant download).\n\nNo spam. Ever.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\n### Top 5 Favorites for Spring/Summer 2021\n\n 1. 👟 Koio Capri Sneakers – Common Projects quality for a fraction of the price\n 2. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/magazine/how-to-cut-your-own-hair.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200804113949/https://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/23/magazine/how-to-cut-your-own-hair.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Cut Your Own Hair",
"passages": [
"“Style it dry and identify what’s not working,” says Alexis Wheeler, who owns the Crown salon in New York. “Is it too dense? Is it too long over all? Are the layers too long on top?” Get the right tools. Wheeler says that any kind of shears will work: “I know a lot of people who cut their hair with nail scissors.”",
"Situate yourself someplace where you will be comfortable. Some self-stylists will be more at ease cutting by feel; others will prefer to use their own reflection. “When you’re looking in the mirror, it’s super disorienting,” Wheeler says. “It takes a while to figure out what you’re seeing. When I use a mirror, I have to switch my body position to really see what I’m cutting. It’s awkward at first, to see where your body is and where the hair you want to cut is and where the scissors are.” Negotiate that spatial relationship by taking your time and by focusing on a fixed point in the reflected background to establish depth of field.",
"If you have thick curly hair and want to take out some of the weight, part your hair and separate out some sections underneath the part. Move your fingers about two to three inches away from the scalp. “You don’t want to cut on your part,” Wheeler says. “You want it on the inside of your hair.” If you have very fine hair, be cautious and “careful not to create blunt lines.” Don’t try to finish the job too quickly. “I have clients who have given themselves full haircuts,” she says. “They go really slowly. Take a little bit off and look at it.”",
"The most important thing, according to Wheeler, is to “cut with confidence.” She has been cutting her own hair since she was 12 and has coached relatives and friends over Skype through self-given haircuts. Here’s how you know when you are done: “You cut something, you shake your hair out and it looks good to you. Or you feel scared — that feeling would be a good stopping point too.”",
"Wheeler also advises that it’s “important to have a relationship with a stylist so that if you have a hair emergency, they can bail you out.”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Cut Your Own Hair - The New York Times\n\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\n\nToday’s Paper\n\nHow to Cut Your Own Hair\n\nhttps://nyti.ms/2en2zvv\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nSupported by\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nTip\n\n# How to Cut Your Own Hair\n\nBy Jaime Lowe\n\n * Oct. 21, 2016\n\nCredit...Illustration by Radio\n\n“Style it dry and identify what’s not working,” says Alexis Wheeler, who owns\nthe Crown salon in New York. “Is it too dense? Is it too long over all? Are\nthe layers too long on top?” Get the right tools. Wheeler says that any kind\nof shears will work: “I know a lot of people who cut their hair with nail\nscissors.”\n\nSituate yourself someplace where you will be comfortable. Some self-stylists\nwill be more at ease cutting by feel; others will prefer to use their own\nreflection. “When you’re looking in the mirror, it’s super disorienting,”\nWheeler says. “It takes a while to figure out what you’re seeing. When I use a\nmirror, I have to switch my body position to really see what I’m cutting. It’s\nawkward at first, to see where your body is and where the hair you want to cut\nis and where the scissors are.” Negotiate that spatial relationship by taking\nyour time and by focusing on a fixed point in the reflected background to\nestablish depth of field.\n\nIf you have thick curly hair and want to take out some of the weight, part\nyour hair and separate out some sections underneath the part. Move your\nfingers about two to three inches away from the scalp. “You don’t want to cut\non your part,” Wheeler says. “You want it on the inside of your hair.” If you\nhave very fine hair, be cautious and “careful not to create blunt lines.”\nDon’t try to finish the job too quickly. “I have clients who have given\nthemselves full haircuts,” she says. “They go really slowly. Take a little bit\noff and look at it.”\n\nThe most important thing, according to Wheeler, is to “cut with confidence.”\nShe has been cutting her own hair since she was 12 and has coached relatives\nand friends over Skype through self-given haircuts. Here’s how you know when\nyou are done: “You cut something, you shake your hair out and it looks good to\nyou. Or you feel scared — that feeling would be a good stopping point too.”\n\nWheeler also advises that it’s “important to have a relationship with a\nstylist so that if you have a hair emergency, they can bail you out.”\n\n“Everything can be fixed,” she says.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170804091347/http://www.younghouselove.com:80/2012/05/diy-haircuts-why-the-heck-not/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Cut Your Man’s Hair (Tips & Video)",
"passages": [
"This is one of those posts I never thought I’d write (it’s definitely not very home related) but due to a surprising amount of requests, here it is. I guess anything that has to do with saving money and doing something yourself is fair game, right? I have no idea how I got into cutting people’s hair, but throughout high school and college I just played around, cutting off a guy’s mullet here and giving my BFF a super short pixie cut there (all at my “client’s” requests, of course). Why did they trust me? I have no idea. Maybe I just have a trustworthy face? I most certainly don’t have any formal training. I just sort of treat hair like I’d imagine I’d make a butter sculpture. You just remove the extra stuff so you’re left with the shape you want. Confidence inspiring, huh? But a bunch of people actually noticed my latest work of haircut art on John’s head in party pictures yesterday, so... score! Haha.",
"The funny thing is that we realized I’ve been cutting John’s hair for seven whole years! And I’ve probably dished out 50+ other haircuts to other friends and family members throughout the last ten years (why yes I have cut my brother in law’s hair in the backyard of John’s parents beach house). So take this post for what it is, one not-professional gal’s take on how she grooms her man. An above the neck manscaping lesson if you will.",
"But since it’s extremely impossible to tell you how I cut John’s hair and a lot more descriptive to just show you, we actually made a video, thanks to the help of our handy little tripod. Look at that shaggy hair John had going on in this “setting up for the video” shot:",
"But on with the video! Let’s get up close and personal with those light brown locks, shall we? Oh yes, and I have primer/paint all over my hands from Clara’s birthday dollhouse (more on that tomorrow).",
"For anyone who can’t watch the video with the sound on (mehaps you’re at work?) it’s actually still pretty easy to understand on mute (since you just have to see what my hands are doing to get the gist). And I’ve included a few written tips in bullet form below, just to help anyone with a sucker on standby who’s ok with you experimenting on their head. I say that in the most kind and loving way, since all of my friends and family who have let me go to town on their hair are pretty darn awesome. I actually haven’t had an oopsie since college (I went a little shorter than I meant to on a gal in dorms, but she totally had the bone structure to work it). Although now that I’ve made that claim I feel like I should knock on wood. Or John should, since he’d be the most likely person to have to walk around with a potential hair snafu if it ever were to happen. Anyway, on with the tips:",
"I cut hair when it’s dry or very lightly misted with water because my experience when cutting wet hair has been that it “shrinks up” and is always shorter than I mean for it to be – which can lead to profuse apologies. Also hair that’s wet might not “lay” the way it does when it’s dry (ex: a cowlick might make itself known when hair’s dry and result in an uneven effect).",
"I cut John’s hair at night after Clara’s off to bed so we can get ‘er done without distractions (no toddler running through the hair pile on the floor- which Burger thankfully avoids like the plague).",
"I don’t use a buzzer and just shave John’s neck for him after the haircut with a regular shaving razor. That always makes things look nice and polished, and this way we don’t have to store a big hair buzzer (or pay for one).",
"I use hair-cutting scissors that I got for like $5 from CVS. They don’t even have a brand name on them to pass along. Sorry!",
"I use my fingers to keep things even. For example, when I cut John’s hair I cut it one-finger-length from his scalp, so it all stays that length. I go a little longer on top – maybe two finger lengths (see the video for more on this).",
"I always try to cut hair vertically (ex: parallel to John’s spine) – except for trimming the line around his neck – since it can look dorky and block-ish if you cut things horizontally (parallel to the shoulders). It’s really hard to explain in words, but the video makes this much more clear.",
"I’m not a pro, so this isn’t real hairdresser scoop. Haha. I’m just a crazy girl with a penchant for pickles and cutting hair – so this is just what works for me (and John, my sweet hair-model hubby).",
"Oh and here’s an after pic from the back, since that might help you guys visualize it from that angle.",
"Hope that helps any DIY-haircutting-hopefuls out there! Does anyone else host haircuts at their house? The craziest thing is that I just calculated that we have probably saved at least $700 in the past seven years just by me cutting John’s hair (not counting all the times that I cut my own hair or ask John to snip a straight line in the back when I need a little trim and can’t reach – which might be an additional $500 in savings over the years). That’s a lot of cheddar ceramic animals...",
"Kudos for you for being brave enough! There’s no way I’d ever be up to cutting Kev’s hair... I’d probably end up taking off an ear or something!",
"Haha, believe it or not, I’ve never cut John (or anyone else I’ve cut hair for) but I usually cut myself. Just a little snip, like a paper cut. Haha. Seems to be part of the routine by now. Haha.",
"Speaking of haircuts. My hubby would never let me attempt one on him again. We just won’t go there. But I would love to see a DIY on how to cut a 2 year old child’s hair while sleeping. Better yet while doing anything. Jude has had 3 hair cuts maybe 4 in his life. Some easy, some not so easy. But now at 2 he will sit and wait until it’s his turn and then that’s it he goes into full fledge possessed demon mode. The last person I went to sat on the floor with Jude and I. She got one snip and then said I’m to scared I’m gonna cut him. So basically he can literally see out of one eye and his hair is beyond bad now. (my boys have tons of hair and it grows fast) Any tips or suggestions would be greatly appreciated! Lesley",
"Oh no, that’s rough! Is there an activity that he loves doing in his highchair? I would get him in there, all strapped in with the tray on, and give him whatever he loves (bubbles, play dough, you can even bring it outside and do it there). Then hopefully he’ll be so into what you’re giving him that he’ll let you do your thing. That’s my only idea!",
"My son is the same way – we do popsicles! My hairstylist friend has until the end of the popsicle to complete the haircut!",
"When my baby brother was that age (I was a teenager), we always cut his hair while sleeping. We would usually get one side, and then put him down on the other cheek the next night to get the other side. Haha.",
"Lesley, if you ever figure it out, let me know! My 18m old has had 2 haircuts, one by me, and one by my husband. Both were terrible! The very first one, we were at my parents’ house and we fed him chocolate (my parents keep those hershey’s mineratures around all the time) and that did NOT work. When I tried it, I basically chased him around his sister’s room and got a snip in here and there. He sees the scissors and freaks. Then hubby said I cut the ears too short. And his hair is curly to boot. Not ringlets curly, but definitely does not lay down. :) Fun with boys, right!",
"by the by, my 3 year old daughter has yet to get a haircut, though that is impending, I’m sure. It is a nightmare to brush her hair.",
"My best friend’s mom, when I was a kid, used to run her fingers through her 2 year old’s hair asking him if she could cut it, and he would always say no. What he did not know is she was snipping those locks she was asking about as she touched his hair – it took about a week to cut his hair but he never noticed, and never had the meltdown a formal sit-down haircut would have caused.",
"I know its not the best idea, but maybe before the hair cut commences, let him pick out a toy, special candy, new book so he knows its there and he physically sees it and explain that when he sits like a big boy through a hair cut he can have it..and if he doesn’t, he doesn’t get it but he still knows you have it...and he can either be rewarded or not. Toddlers like a choice...and its funny because they can either choose the fun happy path. Or the disappointing, no reward for bad behavior path.",
"We always put on a movie for my 2-year-old (almost 3 now!) boy and strap him into a booster seat – and then I always have a 2nd person there to hold his head still in case he gets wiggly. I’ve also heard lollipops help? But I’m not sure why because my son will still move his head around even if he has a lollipop.",
"Wow, thanks everyone for the tips. And thanks to you Sherri as well. Jude is a really big and strong two year old over 40lbs. He has long grown out of a high chair and giving him treats etc. forget it. He couldn’t care less. But the good news is I snuck up during nap time and took some snips at his bangs and at the very least he can see now. Beats getting charged for each individual time I keep attempting to go in and get his hair cut. We may have to try again soon when he gets older. Thanks again. Lesley",
"We have a chain called Cool Cuts for Kids here. They have movies and video games for the kids to play while they get their haircut (and cute cars for the babies/toddlers to sit in). It is a little pricey for a kids haircut ($17 I think) but they have coupons regularly. I took all my boys there when they were little. We only had a few incidents of kids crying through haircuts and ended up holding them in a chair while the stylist quickly did her thing. All three sit nicely for haircuts now.",
"My nephew was horrible with haircuts until a hairdresser suggested not using the word “cut”. Kids associate it with pain. He would sit quietly as long as he was getting his hair “trimmed” not “cut”",
"I’ve been cutting my husband’s hair since just before we were married (almost 10 years!). It does not go both ways, however. But I feel so smart not spending all that money on haircuts!",
"Oh, forgot to mention — we always head outside for haircuts so there’s less clean-up. (When we lived in a condo with a shared courtyard, he wouldn’t let anyone see, so we were relegated to the bathtub, but now we get to enjoy the sights and sounds of the backyard.)",
"When do we get a tutorial on you cutting your own hair? That’s what I need to see! I always manage to have a little bit too long in the back and have to ask my husband to trim off for me.",
"That would be a comedy of errors. It’s me with wet hair from the shower brushing it all out and then begging John to cut it carefully straight across the back. Might have to see if I can catch that on film someday. Nothing fancy about it (no layers or anything). Haha.",
"I’ve never been trained in doing hair or anything, but after my husband and I got married he asked for me to cut his hair. It took a few tries to get use to and get it just right, but now I’ve been doing them for 5 years. I can’t even imagine how much money we have saved over the years. Within the past few months my husband has wanted a different try of hair style that I’m still trying to perfect but now I’m thinking about starting to do my own hair. I’ve trimmed my own bangs for years and cut split ends when I’m bored in the office. So how hard can it be. I keep a pretty simple long hair style so maybe I won’t be so bad. I’ll let you know how it goes.",
"Aw, I love that you cut your man’s hair and trim your own bangs! Keep me posted how your own self-cut goes! Mine is pretty basic, so I hope yours is easy too!",
"Geez, is there nothing that $herdog can’t do? :) His hair looks great! I think it’s nice to show all sorts of things on here; I think people really look to you guys on how to simplify things in their lives and save money. I know I do.",
"Aw thanks Maureen! There was definitely a learning curve! It used to take me soooo long to cut his hair (like an hour!) but over time I’ve gotten faster. Haha.",
"Good for you guys! I totally cut my hubby’s hair too. A number one all around and then a clean up around the ears and neck with the guard off. I’ve only had an oops once...the day of my company’s Christmas party (of course). Poor guy looked like he was ready for basic training. For us it’s nice to save the moolah, but also the convenience factor rocks. We’ve got an 18 month old and this way my hubby is never over-due for a trim. Like you guys, we do our cuts after our little one is down for the night. I’ve cut his hair in the back yard at midnight in the winter since I’m such a clean freak and well, you gotta do what you gotta do when you’ve got a little person in your life. We splurged on a barber’s cape from Amazon since the hubby can’t stand getting hair down his neck. :)",
"Haha, too funny about the backyard in the winter at midnight! I love that you have a fancy cape like a pro!",
"Well, that is awesome. I have a husband and two sons, and that’s a lot of haircuts I’ve been wanting to tackle myself. I’ve experimented on my three year old, but it takes multiple cookies and episodes of Fraggle Rock to get him to cooperate. Your video was much easier to follow that what I’ve found on YouTube, so Thanks a Ton!",
"I cut my own bangs! The tutorial is above. Just curious...do you cut your own hair, too? And how do you do it? Just throw it over the front of your shoulders? lol. My hair is getting knotty. Thanks Sherry!",
"Love the bang cuts! I just brush it all out in the back (all over my shoulders on my back) and beg John to try snipping a straight line (no layers or anything fancy) and sometimes troll youtube for a tutorial that might involve light layers (like pushing it over your shoulders and cutting it in front or while gathered in pigtails, etc). I only get brave like that when it’s really long and I know I can de-layer it if it’s too crazy by just going shorter and more blunt.",
"I’ve been trying to let my husband let me cut his hair for years but haha that won’t be happening (he won’t even let me buzz his neck, he must know my penchant for clumsiness). That said, I used to cut my friends hair in highschool, and then in college I did a few cuts, some highlights, buzzed the guys hair a bunch, cut my own bangs, etc. I wish the boy would let me cut his hair. Then again, he only pays like $15 to a barber and goes a while in between haha.",
"“Above the neck manscaping lesson” !!! Oh Sherry, you kill me. I love when you guys get a bit saucy.",
"My husband has the same talent! He actually cuts his own hair and that of his male family members, friends and friends’ kids. We’ve been known to go over to people’s houses so he can provide haircuts and they usually provide us dinner in exchange, haha. Just like you, it’s a talent he happened to discover—no formal training. I wish he would cut my hair too but I think he’s a little terrified since he’s only worked with the dudes, but if John can handle the straight-line-across-the-back trim, it shouldn’t be that big of a deal!",
"When my hair was short I used to cut it regularly to save all those trips to the hairdresser, but I no longer have a bathroom where I can set up mirrors to see the back of my head. Living the long-and-pony-tailed lifestyle now.",
"I have a friend who cuts his own hair, too, and without any mirrors to see the back! I was super impressed; he does such a great job!",
"Katie: You should definitely talk your husband into cutting your hair. It must be much easier to cut long hair, so if he’s good with short, I’m sure he’ll do well. I recently went from long hair to short, in stages. I made my husband cut it, and he was literally shaking, but it looked fine even the first time (I was a little scared when I felt his hands and the scissors tremble against my back- but hey, it’s only hair!). Now I might make him watch this video, and then sort me out a nice pixie look (He just started a new job this week, so NOT the time for me to go trial-and-error on his hair...",
"I don’t know, guys, usually I am right there with you, but I like the before better. He needed a shape-up, but the before gives him a shaggy Brad Pitt kind of look.",
"Haha, oh yeah, the long hair vs. short hair debate is one for the ages! Personally John likes it short and I think he’s a hottie when it’s freshly shorn. But to each his own!",
"It’s funny that Amanda says John’s before picture reminds her of a shaggy Brad Pitt. I actually thought he just resembled Shaggy from Scooby Doo – and that’s NOT a bad thing, although the inner dialog in my head is now saying...”Raggy? Rooby Roo needs Rooby snacks!”.",
"WAY different. I keep looking at the picture to determine if it was a magazine photo because it just does not look like John. :-)",
"Haha- that’s so funny. I wonder if it’s just that you guys are used to seeing him straight on in pics on the ol’ blog? Our relatives and friends see us in 3D so we must look different than face-on blog pics, haha. So much that side ones look funny I guess!",
"I think his hair looks great, but have to be honest, I was getting sweaty palms just watching this video! I don’t think I would trust myself cutting someone else’s hair. I can’t even manage to trim my almost 2 year olds bangs. I just take her to my hairdresser for a bang trim every 2 months! haha",
"Haha, you’re lucky you have a 2 year old with so much hair! Clara has yet to need anything other than the occasional mullet cut. Haha.",
"Hey, we’re John & Sherry. We’ve fixed up 3 homes, had 2 kids, written books, designed products, and eaten countless tacos. Here you’ll find over 3,000 DIY and home projects & posts (and lots of exclamation points!!). More about us..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Cut Your Man's Hair (Tips & Video) | Young House Love\n\nYoung House Love\n\nDIY Home Decorating Projects, Tutorials, & Shenanigans\n\nMay 15, 2012 | By Sherry Petersik | 635 Comments\n\n# How To Cut Your Man’s Hair (Tips & Video)\n\nLet’s talk about DIY haircuts, shall we?\n\nThis is one of those posts I never thought I’d write (it’s definitely not very\nhome related) but due to a surprising amount of requests, here it is. I guess\nanything that has to do with saving money and doing something yourself is fair\ngame, right? I have no idea how I got into cutting people’s hair, but\nthroughout high school and college I just played around, cutting off a guy’s\nmullet here and giving my BFF a super short pixie cut there (all at my\n“client’s” requests, of course). Why did they trust me? I have no idea. Maybe\nI just have a trustworthy face? I most certainly don’t have any formal\ntraining. I just sort of treat hair like I’d imagine I’d make a butter\nsculpture. You just remove the extra stuff so you’re left with the shape you\nwant. Confidence inspiring, huh? But a bunch of people actually noticed my\nlatest work of haircut art on John’s head in party pictures yesterday, so...\nscore! Haha.\n\nThe funny thing is that we realized I’ve been cutting John’s hair for seven\nwhole years! And I’ve probably dished out 50+ other haircuts to other friends\nand family members throughout the last ten years (why yes I have cut my\nbrother in law’s hair in the backyard of John’s parents beach house). So take\nthis post for what it is, one not-professional gal’s take on how she grooms\nher man. An above the neck manscaping lesson if you will.\n\nBut since it’s extremely impossible to tell you how I cut John’s hair and a\nlot more descriptive to just show you, we actually made a video, thanks to the\nhelp of our handy little tripod. Look at that shaggy hair John had going on in\nthis “setting up for the video” shot:\n\nIt’s amazing what a little at-home clippage can do. How YOU doin’ hubby?\n\nBut on with the video! Let’s get up close and personal with those light brown\nlocks, shall we? Oh yes, and I have primer/paint all over my hands from\nClara’s birthday dollhouse (more on that tomorrow).\n\nFor anyone who can’t watch the video with the sound on (mehaps you’re at\nwork?) it’s actually still pretty easy to understand on mute (since you just\nhave to see what my hands are doing to get the gist). And I’ve included a few\nwritten tips in bullet form below, just to help anyone with a sucker on\nstandby who’s ok with you experimenting on their head. I say that in the most\nkind and loving way, since all of my friends and family who have let me go to\ntown on their hair are pretty darn awesome. I actually haven’t had an oopsie\nsince college (I went a little shorter than I meant to on a gal in dorms, but\nshe totally had the bone structure to work it). Although now that I’ve made\nthat claim I feel like I should knock on wood. Or John should, since he’d be\nthe most likely person to have to walk around with a potential hair snafu if\nit ever were to happen. Anyway, on with the tips:\n\n * I cut hair when it’s dry or very lightly misted with water because my experience when cutting wet hair has been that it “shrinks up” and is always shorter than I mean for it to be – which can lead to profuse apologies. Also hair that’s wet might not “lay” the way it does when it’s dry (ex: a cowlick might make itself known when hair’s dry and result in an uneven effect).\n * I cut John’s hair at night after Clara’s off to bed so we can get ‘er done without distractions (no toddler running through the hair pile on the floor- which Burger thankfully avoids like the plague).\n * I don’t use a buzzer and just shave John’s neck for him after the haircut with a regular shaving razor. That always makes things look nice and polished, and this way we don’t have to store a big hair buzzer (or pay for one).\n * I use hair-cutting scissors that I got for like $5 from CVS. They don’t even have a brand name on them to pass along. Sorry!\n\n * I use my fingers to keep things even. For example, when I cut John’s hair I cut it one-finger-length from his scalp, so it all stays that length. I go a little longer on top – maybe two finger lengths (see the video for more on this).\n * I always try to cut hair vertically (ex: parallel to John’s spine) – except for trimming the line around his neck – since it can look dorky and block-ish if you cut things horizontally (parallel to the shoulders). It’s really hard to explain in words, but the video makes this much more clear.\n * I’m not a pro, so this isn’t real hairdresser scoop. Haha. I’m just a crazy girl with a penchant for pickles and cutting hair – so this is just what works for me (and John, my sweet hair-model hubby).\n\nOh and here’s an after pic from the back, since that might help you guys\nvisualize it from that angle.\n\nHope that helps any DIY-haircutting-hopefuls out there! Does anyone else host\nhaircuts at their house? The craziest thing is that I just calculated that we\nhave probably saved at least $700 in the past seven years just by me cutting\nJohn’s hair (not counting all the times that I cut my own hair or ask John to\nsnip a straight line in the back when I need a little trim and can’t reach –\nwhich might be an additional $500 in savings over the years). That’s a lot of\ncheddar ceramic animals...\n\n### More posts from Young House Love\n\nFiled Under: Favorites, Saving Money, Videos\n\nStuff We Love\n\nReplacing An Old Bathroom Light\n\nHow To Build A Dollhouse (Part 1: Assembling It)\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Jess @ Little House. Big Heart. says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:27 pm\n\nKudos for you for being brave enough! There’s no way I’d ever be up to cutting\nKev’s hair... I’d probably end up taking off an ear or something!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:39 pm\n\nHaha, believe it or not, I’ve never cut John (or anyone else I’ve cut hair\nfor) but I usually cut myself. Just a little snip, like a paper cut. Haha.\nSeems to be part of the routine by now. Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 2. Lesley@ChaoticallyCreative says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:27 pm\n\nSpeaking of haircuts. My hubby would never let me attempt one on him again. We\njust won’t go there. But I would love to see a DIY on how to cut a 2 year old\nchild’s hair while sleeping. Better yet while doing anything. Jude has had 3\nhair cuts maybe 4 in his life. Some easy, some not so easy. But now at 2 he\nwill sit and wait until it’s his turn and then that’s it he goes into full\nfledge possessed demon mode. The last person I went to sat on the floor with\nJude and I. She got one snip and then said I’m to scared I’m gonna cut him. So\nbasically he can literally see out of one eye and his hair is beyond bad now.\n(my boys have tons of hair and it grows fast) Any tips or suggestions would be\ngreatly appreciated! Lesley\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:40 pm\n\nOh no, that’s rough! Is there an activity that he loves doing in his\nhighchair? I would get him in there, all strapped in with the tray on, and\ngive him whatever he loves (bubbles, play dough, you can even bring it outside\nand do it there). Then hopefully he’ll be so into what you’re giving him that\nhe’ll let you do your thing. That’s my only idea!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Tonya says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:20 pm\n\nMy son is the same way – we do popsicles! My hairstylist friend has until the\nend of the popsicle to complete the haircut!\n\n * Kate says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:29 pm\n\nWhen my baby brother was that age (I was a teenager), we always cut his hair\nwhile sleeping. We would usually get one side, and then put him down on the\nother cheek the next night to get the other side. Haha.\n\nOf course, that was when you still used drop side cribs, so it was much easier\nto reach.\n\n * Hayley says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:37 pm\n\nLesley, if you ever figure it out, let me know! My 18m old has had 2 haircuts,\none by me, and one by my husband. Both were terrible! The very first one, we\nwere at my parents’ house and we fed him chocolate (my parents keep those\nhershey’s mineratures around all the time) and that did NOT work. When I tried\nit, I basically chased him around his sister’s room and got a snip in here and\nthere. He sees the scissors and freaks. Then hubby said I cut the ears too\nshort. And his hair is curly to boot. Not ringlets curly, but definitely does\nnot lay down. :) Fun with boys, right!\n\nby the by, my 3 year old daughter has yet to get a haircut, though that is\nimpending, I’m sure. It is a nightmare to brush her hair.\n\n * Jenni says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:45 pm\n\nMy best friend’s mom, when I was a kid, used to run her fingers through her 2\nyear old’s hair asking him if she could cut it, and he would always say no.\nWhat he did not know is she was snipping those locks she was asking about as\nshe touched his hair – it took about a week to cut his hair but he never\nnoticed, and never had the meltdown a formal sit-down haircut would have\ncaused.\n\n * alex says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 4:31 pm\n\nI know its not the best idea, but maybe before the hair cut commences, let him\npick out a toy, special candy, new book so he knows its there and he\nphysically sees it and explain that when he sits like a big boy through a hair\ncut he can have it..and if he doesn’t, he doesn’t get it but he still knows\nyou have it...and he can either be rewarded or not. Toddlers like a\nchoice...and its funny because they can either choose the fun happy path. Or\nthe disappointing, no reward for bad behavior path.\n\n * K (Barking Babymama) says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 5:07 pm\n\nWe always put on a movie for my 2-year-old (almost 3 now!) boy and strap him\ninto a booster seat – and then I always have a 2nd person there to hold his\nhead still in case he gets wiggly. I’ve also heard lollipops help? But I’m not\nsure why because my son will still move his head around even if he has a\nlollipop.\n\n * Lesley@ChaoticallyCreative says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 5:51 pm\n\nWow, thanks everyone for the tips. And thanks to you Sherri as well. Jude is a\nreally big and strong two year old over 40lbs. He has long grown out of a high\nchair and giving him treats etc. forget it. He couldn’t care less. But the\ngood news is I snuck up during nap time and took some snips at his bangs and\nat the very least he can see now. Beats getting charged for each individual\ntime I keep attempting to go in and get his hair cut. We may have to try again\nsoon when he gets older. Thanks again. Lesley\n\n * Natalie says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:08 pm\n\nWe have a chain called Cool Cuts for Kids here. They have movies and video\ngames for the kids to play while they get their haircut (and cute cars for the\nbabies/toddlers to sit in). It is a little pricey for a kids haircut ($17 I\nthink) but they have coupons regularly. I took all my boys there when they\nwere little. We only had a few incidents of kids crying through haircuts and\nended up holding them in a chair while the stylist quickly did her thing. All\nthree sit nicely for haircuts now.\n\n * Maureen says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:35 pm\n\nMy nephew was horrible with haircuts until a hairdresser suggested not using\nthe word “cut”. Kids associate it with pain. He would sit quietly as long as\nhe was getting his hair “trimmed” not “cut”\n\n 3. Devon @ Green House, Good Life says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:31 pm\n\nI’ve been cutting my husband’s hair since just before we were married (almost\n10 years!). It does not go both ways, however. But I feel so smart not\nspending all that money on haircuts!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\n\nI love hearing from the other hair-cutting ladies out there!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Devon @ Green House, Good Life says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:57 pm\n\nOh, forgot to mention — we always head outside for haircuts so there’s less\nclean-up. (When we lived in a condo with a shared courtyard, he wouldn’t let\nanyone see, so we were relegated to the bathtub, but now we get to enjoy the\nsights and sounds of the backyard.)\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:10 pm\n\nThat’s fun! We have to try that – although it might be dark once the bean’s in\nbed. Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 4. Rebecca says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:32 pm\n\nWhen do we get a tutorial on you cutting your own hair? That’s what I need to\nsee! I always manage to have a little bit too long in the back and have to ask\nmy husband to trim off for me.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:37 pm\n\nThat would be a comedy of errors. It’s me with wet hair from the shower\nbrushing it all out and then begging John to cut it carefully straight across\nthe back. Might have to see if I can catch that on film someday. Nothing fancy\nabout it (no layers or anything). Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 5. Kim says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:32 pm\n\nI’ve never been trained in doing hair or anything, but after my husband and I\ngot married he asked for me to cut his hair. It took a few tries to get use to\nand get it just right, but now I’ve been doing them for 5 years. I can’t even\nimagine how much money we have saved over the years. Within the past few\nmonths my husband has wanted a different try of hair style that I’m still\ntrying to perfect but now I’m thinking about starting to do my own hair. I’ve\ntrimmed my own bangs for years and cut split ends when I’m bored in the\noffice. So how hard can it be. I keep a pretty simple long hair style so maybe\nI won’t be so bad. I’ll let you know how it goes.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\n\nAw, I love that you cut your man’s hair and trim your own bangs! Keep me\nposted how your own self-cut goes! Mine is pretty basic, so I hope yours is\neasy too!\n\nxo, s\n\n 6. Maureen @ This (Kinda) Old House says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:34 pm\n\nGeez, is there nothing that $herdog can’t do? :) His hair looks great! I think\nit’s nice to show all sorts of things on here; I think people really look to\nyou guys on how to simplify things in their lives and save money. I know I do.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:35 pm\n\nAw thanks Maureen! There was definitely a learning curve! It used to take me\nsoooo long to cut his hair (like an hour!) but over time I’ve gotten faster.\nHaha.\n\nxo, s\n\n 7. April says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:34 pm\n\nGood for you guys! I totally cut my hubby’s hair too. A number one all around\nand then a clean up around the ears and neck with the guard off. I’ve only had\nan oops once...the day of my company’s Christmas party (of course). Poor guy\nlooked like he was ready for basic training. For us it’s nice to save the\nmoolah, but also the convenience factor rocks. We’ve got an 18 month old and\nthis way my hubby is never over-due for a trim. Like you guys, we do our cuts\nafter our little one is down for the night. I’ve cut his hair in the back yard\nat midnight in the winter since I’m such a clean freak and well, you gotta do\nwhat you gotta do when you’ve got a little person in your life. We splurged on\na barber’s cape from Amazon since the hubby can’t stand getting hair down his\nneck. :)\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:41 pm\n\nHaha, too funny about the backyard in the winter at midnight! I love that you\nhave a fancy cape like a pro!\n\nxo, s\n\n 8. VickiP says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:35 pm\n\nWell, that is awesome. I have a husband and two sons, and that’s a lot of\nhaircuts I’ve been wanting to tackle myself. I’ve experimented on my three\nyear old, but it takes multiple cookies and episodes of Fraggle Rock to get\nhim to cooperate. Your video was much easier to follow that what I’ve found on\nYouTube, so Thanks a Ton!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nAw, so glad!\n\nxo, s\n\n 9. Morgan says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:36 pm\n\nhttp://livingyoungwildfree.wordpress.com/2012/04/18/what-i-gave-up-to-save-\nmoney-bang-cuts/\n\nI cut my own bangs! The tutorial is above. Just curious...do you cut your own\nhair, too? And how do you do it? Just throw it over the front of your\nshoulders? lol. My hair is getting knotty. Thanks Sherry!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:44 pm\n\nLove the bang cuts! I just brush it all out in the back (all over my shoulders\non my back) and beg John to try snipping a straight line (no layers or\nanything fancy) and sometimes troll youtube for a tutorial that might involve\nlight layers (like pushing it over your shoulders and cutting it in front or\nwhile gathered in pigtails, etc). I only get brave like that when it’s really\nlong and I know I can de-layer it if it’s too crazy by just going shorter and\nmore blunt.\n\nxo, s\n\n 10. heather says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:36 pm\n\nI’ve been trying to let my husband let me cut his hair for years but haha that\nwon’t be happening (he won’t even let me buzz his neck, he must know my\npenchant for clumsiness). That said, I used to cut my friends hair in\nhighschool, and then in college I did a few cuts, some highlights, buzzed the\nguys hair a bunch, cut my own bangs, etc. I wish the boy would let me cut his\nhair. Then again, he only pays like $15 to a barber and goes a while in\nbetween haha.\n\nReply\n\n 11. Kate says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:38 pm\n\n“Above the neck manscaping lesson” !!! Oh Sherry, you kill me. I love when you\nguys get a bit saucy.\n\nReply\n\n 12. Katie says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:41 pm\n\nMy husband has the same talent! He actually cuts his own hair and that of his\nmale family members, friends and friends’ kids. We’ve been known to go over to\npeople’s houses so he can provide haircuts and they usually provide us dinner\nin exchange, haha. Just like you, it’s a talent he happened to discover—no\nformal training. I wish he would cut my hair too but I think he’s a little\nterrified since he’s only worked with the dudes, but if John can handle the\nstraight-line-across-the-back trim, it shouldn’t be that big of a deal!\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nHaha, that’s so funny! I love hearing about a hubby with haircutting skillz!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Alissa says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:03 pm\n\nWhen my hair was short I used to cut it regularly to save all those trips to\nthe hairdresser, but I no longer have a bathroom where I can set up mirrors to\nsee the back of my head. Living the long-and-pony-tailed lifestyle now.\n\nI have a friend who cuts his own hair, too, and without any mirrors to see the\nback! I was super impressed; he does such a great job!\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:07 pm\n\nWow- that’s awesome!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Lisa says\n\nJune 6, 2012 at 10:40 am\n\nKatie: You should definitely talk your husband into cutting your hair. It must\nbe much easier to cut long hair, so if he’s good with short, I’m sure he’ll do\nwell. I recently went from long hair to short, in stages. I made my husband\ncut it, and he was literally shaking, but it looked fine even the first time\n(I was a little scared when I felt his hands and the scissors tremble against\nmy back- but hey, it’s only hair!). Now I might make him watch this video, and\nthen sort me out a nice pixie look (He just started a new job this week, so\nNOT the time for me to go trial-and-error on his hair...\n\n 13. Amanda says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nI don’t know, guys, usually I am right there with you, but I like the before\nbetter. He needed a shape-up, but the before gives him a shaggy Brad Pitt kind\nof look.\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:43 pm\n\nHaha, oh yeah, the long hair vs. short hair debate is one for the ages!\nPersonally John likes it short and I think he’s a hottie when it’s freshly\nshorn. But to each his own!\n\nxo, s\n\n * Andrew says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 6:14 pm\n\nIt’s funny that Amanda says John’s before picture reminds her of a shaggy Brad\nPitt. I actually thought he just resembled Shaggy from Scooby Doo – and that’s\nNOT a bad thing, although the inner dialog in my head is now saying...”Raggy?\nRooby Roo needs Rooby snacks!”.\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 9:28 pm\n\nHahaha, too funny!\n\nxo, s\n\n 14. Melanie@MailboxJourney says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:42 pm\n\nNice job Sherry! I buzz my boyfriend’s head, but that’s about it.\n\nP.S. John looks super different when he’s photographed from the side – weird!\n\nReply\n\n * Ashleigh says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:10 pm\n\nWAY different. I keep looking at the picture to determine if it was a magazine\nphoto because it just does not look like John. :-)\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 3:20 pm\n\nHaha- that’s so funny. I wonder if it’s just that you guys are used to seeing\nhim straight on in pics on the ol’ blog? Our relatives and friends see us in\n3D so we must look different than face-on blog pics, haha. So much that side\nones look funny I guess!\n\nxo, s\n\n 15. gia says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:43 pm\n\nI think his hair looks great, but have to be honest, I was getting sweaty\npalms just watching this video! I don’t think I would trust myself cutting\nsomeone else’s hair. I can’t even manage to trim my almost 2 year olds bangs.\nI just take her to my hairdresser for a bang trim every 2 months! haha\n\nReply\n\n * YoungHouseLove says\n\nMay 15, 2012 at 2:46 pm\n\nHaha, you’re lucky you have a 2 year old with so much hair! Clara has yet to\nneed anything other than the occasional mullet cut. Haha.\n\nxo, s\n\nNewer Comments »\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nHey, we’re John & Sherry. We’ve fixed up 3 homes, had 2 kids, written books,\ndesigned products, and eaten countless tacos. Here you’ll find over 3,000 DIY\nand home projects & posts (and lots of exclamation points!!). More about us...\n\n#### Latest Finds\n\n#### Our Favorite Videos\n\n#### OUR PAINT COLORS & SOURCES\n\n#### Favorite Topics\n\n * Decorating\n * Cleaning & Organizing\n * Saving Money\n * Home Improvement\n * Painting\n * Crafting & Art\n * Furniture Upgrades\n * Kids & Pets\n\n#### We’re Digging\n\nSmall-Scale Subway\n\nFavorite Jeans\n\nCurrent Sheets (Love!)\n\nPatterned Turkish Rug\n\nOur Kitchen Hardware\n\nSilver Rug\n\nOur Kitchen Stools\n\nSoft Striped Rug\n\nSEE MORE OF OUR FAVORITE FINDS > >\n\n#### SHOP OUR PRODUCTS\n\n**This sidebar contains ads and affiliate links**\n\n#### follow us on instagram\n\n© 2017 Young House Love ® · Fun Genesis WordPress Theme (AFF) · Hosted by\nLiquid Web (AFF)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210512145721/https://www.mensjournal.com/health-fitness/how-to-trim-your-own-hair-20140520/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Trim Your Own Hair",
"passages": [
"It isn’t cheap or convenient to go to the barbershop every few weeks, so if you’re in need of a quick trim, consider taking matters into your own hands. Michael Gilman, who founded the upscale salon and shop Grooming Lounge in Washington, D.C., says an at-home trim is an option if you’re “feeling adventurous,” but it will require more than just quality clippers (he recommends Wahl’s Professional 8355). Here are Gilman’s tips to at-home hair maintenance.",
"Buy the right tools: If you’re not a professional, scissors can be a recipe for disaster, Gilman says. Buy clippers with guards of varying lengths, and remember that the first guard should be the largest. It’s okay to be conservative. If you find that you haven’t trimmed quite enough after the first round, continue using a small guard and work your way down slowly.",
"Do it dry: For best results, wash and dry your hair before you start snipping – and not just towel-dried, but all-the-way dry. It’s tricky to use clippers on wet hair, and it’s also easier for beginners to measure their progress throughout the trim. “You can kind of see results in real-time as you go,” Gilman says.",
"Divide hair into sections: Break your hair into sections and tackle them one by one. Gilman recommends beginning with the bottom of the head. For a standard length, use the same guard length all over the head. Keep the teeth of guard facing upward, and try to apply equal amounts of pressure during every pass.",
"Taper with care: Trimming the hair on the back of your head can be tough, especially when it comes to layering by the neckline. “This is tapering, and it’s pretty crucial,” Gilman says. “If you don’t taper enough, you’ll wind up with a bowl cut, but if you go up too high, it’ll start to look like you have two neck lines or something.” Start by stamping out a straight, short line where the hair meets the neck. Work out to the sides to keep it balanced, and trim less aggressively as you move up.",
"Check the back: Bring a hand-held mirror into the bathroom (or any room with a large mirror) to verify that the trim is even. If it’s splotchy, guard up and go over the uneven areas slowly.",
"Keep it simple: When it’s time to cut off more than an inch or so, leave it to the professionals. “D-I-Y haircuts are fine for general upkeep, but don’t go crazy,” he says. “It will only end badly.”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Trim Your Own Hair - Men's Journal\n\nMen's Journal\n\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * This link opens in a new window\n * Open Comments\n\nHealth & Fitness\n\n# How to Trim Your Own Hair\n\nAlex Galmeanu / Getty Images\n\nby Andrea Kasprzak\n\n * Click to share on Facebook (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Twitter (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on LinkedIn (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Reddit (Opens in new window)\n * Click to share on Pinterest (Opens in new window)\n\nIt isn’t cheap or convenient to go to the barbershop every few weeks, so if\nyou’re in need of a quick trim, consider taking matters into your own hands.\nMichael Gilman, who founded the upscale salon and shop Grooming Lounge in\nWashington, D.C., says an at-home trim is an option if you’re “feeling\nadventurous,” but it will require more than just quality clippers (he\nrecommends Wahl’s Professional 8355). Here are Gilman’s tips to at-home hair\nmaintenance.\n\nBuy the right tools: If you’re not a professional, scissors can be a recipe\nfor disaster, Gilman says. Buy clippers with guards of varying lengths, and\nremember that the first guard should be the largest. It’s okay to be\nconservative. If you find that you haven’t trimmed quite enough after the\nfirst round, continue using a small guard and work your way down slowly.\n\nDo it dry: For best results, wash and dry your hair before you start snipping\n– and not just towel-dried, but all-the-way dry. It’s tricky to use clippers\non wet hair, and it’s also easier for beginners to measure their progress\nthroughout the trim. “You can kind of see results in real-time as you go,”\nGilman says.\n\nDivide hair into sections: Break your hair into sections and tackle them one\nby one. Gilman recommends beginning with the bottom of the head. For a\nstandard length, use the same guard length all over the head. Keep the teeth\nof guard facing upward, and try to apply equal amounts of pressure during\nevery pass.\n\nTaper with care: Trimming the hair on the back of your head can be tough,\nespecially when it comes to layering by the neckline. “This is tapering, and\nit’s pretty crucial,” Gilman says. “If you don’t taper enough, you’ll wind up\nwith a bowl cut, but if you go up too high, it’ll start to look like you have\ntwo neck lines or something.” Start by stamping out a straight, short line\nwhere the hair meets the neck. Work out to the sides to keep it balanced, and\ntrim less aggressively as you move up.\n\nCheck the back: Bring a hand-held mirror into the bathroom (or any room with a\nlarge mirror) to verify that the trim is even. If it’s splotchy, guard up and\ngo over the uneven areas slowly.\n\nKeep it simple: When it’s time to cut off more than an inch or so, leave it to\nthe professionals. “D-I-Y haircuts are fine for general upkeep, but don’t go\ncrazy,” he says. “It will only end badly.”\n\nFor access to exclusive gear videos, celebrity interviews, and more, subscribe\non YouTube!\n\n### More News\n\nGet Clean Water Wherever You Go With The LifeStraw Water BottleSpring Camping\nGear For Every AdventureJohn Mulaney Returns to Stand-Up With Revealing Set\nAbout Getting SoberNew Vaccine Could Stop Future CoronavirusesThe Most\nVersatile Barbells for Home WorkoutsStay Cool All Summer Long With Clothing\nFrom Arctic Cool\n\nAll Stories\n\n### More Videos\n\nThe MJ5: Tony Hawk on His Favorite Gear, Why He Always Carries His Board, and\nMore\n\nHere's the Difference Between Bourbon and Whiskey\n\nYoung Guns and a Supercharged Catamaran: U.S. SailGP Team Takes on New York\nCity\n\nMore from Health & Fitness\n\n * John Mulaney Returns to Stand-Up With Revealing Set About Getting Sober\n * New Vaccine Could Stop Future Coronaviruses\n * The Best Lubricants For Women To Enjoy\n * The 7 Best Pre Workout Supplements Of 2021 Tested & Reviewed\n * The Best Stamina-Boosting Supplements For Men\n * Want To Fix Bad Credit? These Are The Best Credit Repair Companies That Can Help\n * Best Hookup Sites For Casual Dating & Flings Tonight\n * Best Natural Nootropics To Unleash More Brain Power Without A Prescription\n * The Best Keto Supplements To Maintain Ketosis And Steady Weight Loss\n\n## Want more?\n\nSign up for our newsletter to get the latest adventures, workouts,\ndestinations, and more.\n\nYou have successfully signed up.\n\nMen’s Journal has affiliate partnerships so we may receive compensation for\nsome links to products and services.\n\nManage Cookies\n\nA360 Media Active Lifestyle Group\n\n© A360 Media LLC 2021\n\nPowered by WordPress VIP\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-cut-your-own-hair/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210307025406/https://20somethingfinance.com/how-to-cut-your-own-hair/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Cut your Own Hair",
"passages": [
"You wake up. Look in the mirror every 4 weeks or so. And say to yourself, “You know, I’m starting to look a little scraggly. I should probably get in for a haircut today”.",
"So you get in your car, drive 15 minutes or so to the friendly national franchised hair cutting chain conglomerate. The parking lot is busy – guess what? It’s Saturday, and everyone is running their errands after the week-long work grind. So you wait 5 minutes for someone to leave and then whip in to the parking lot before the ambitious chatch in a SUV tries to cut you off. You squeeze in just ahead of him, but narrowly missed a dented bumper.",
"You walk in. The place is packed. So you put your name in as “Harry McCutterston” to amuse yourself, but the receptionist has no sense of humor. There’s no wifi, so you settle in and pick up a 2 year old copy of Good Housekeeping and wait in the lobby for an hour, before they gloriously call “Harry McCutterston”. You expect the place to break out in laughter, but crickets and some annoyed looks is all you get.",
"Sadly, it’s not your favorite hairdresser. She’s busy. She always is. But the new guy is open! You’re sick of waiting, and you don’t want to hurt the new dresser’s feelings, so you decide to roll the dice.",
"You go to sit down and notice that the chair has a clump of wet hair on it. You hope the hairdresser notices and wipes it off. He doesn’t. You’d rather the hair touch your pants than your hands, so you make the plunge.",
"Awkward hair and sports small talk ensues and then you meticulously explain every little detail of what you were hoping to get accomplished, on top of your noggin. All the while, you’re secretly worried he is going to screw up. And he does. Not much, but just enough for you to personally be annoyed and for your friends to take notice and say, “Hey, did you cut your hair differently?”. Jerks.",
"Now the fun part. You’ve not only got to pay them (really, you’re paying the franchise owner, and the hairdresser gets a fraction of the cut) in the upwards of $20-30, but then you also need to tip the hairdresser... what, 20%? Is that enough? I don’t know... awkward. You walk out, realizing that to trim the follicles that grow out of the skin that covers your skull, you just paid enough to feed a starving west African family for 2 months or save the life of a few kittens. Sarah Mclachlan and lonely old dogs start going through your head. You feel guilty and sad.",
"THEN, in the car ride home, you almost hit a kid chasing after a soccer ball into the street. You fill up the gas tank for the weekly commute – there goes another $50. And by the time you actually pull in to the driveway, your damn hair is already a tad bit longer than when you left the shop! And it never stops growing! And it won’t, for the next 50-80 years.",
"If any of this story sounds painfully familiar, it is time to learn how to cut your own hair. NOW.",
"After I started paying for my own haircuts, I woke up one day, while I was still in high school, and said to myself, “You know what? I can do it better than they can!”.",
"So I went out and bought myself a clipper set. At the time, I think it was $40-50. Here, we are, closing in on two decades later, and some of the best- selling sets on Amazon are going for $30 and $80 (I ended up recently upgrading to a Wahl Self-Cutting Clipper for $42 and absolutely love it). In other words, you can cut your hair, for the next decade+ for the cost of one single paid haircut! You really don’t need to spend any more than this. I’m on my second set of clippers after almost two decades, and neither cost more than this.",
"Want to learn how to cut your own hair? The process is simple (for guys). Here’s how I do it:",
"Charge clipper while I wash my hair (I don’t even charge myself extra for that privilege). I lightly dry my hair, leaving it a bit damp, as I’ve found that damp/wet hair cuts more easily than dry.",
"Put on the blade attachment. It’s the same one every time. It is labeled as #2 – and it cuts my hair to about 1/4 in. in length, but you can go shorter/longer with your preference.",
"I cut my hair. Since it’s one fixed length, I just go over my entire head a few times until it looks nicely trimmed.",
"Then, using a safety razor, and a handheld mirror to get a reflection from a wall mirror, I shave the back of my neck and cut a straight hair line. Sounds complicated, but after 1-2 attempts, you’ll be a pro.",
"As for maintenance, I make sure all of the hair is out of the clipper and every few months I’ll oil the blades with some blade oil.",
"I know guys who pay a lot more than $25 to get their hair cut by others, but lets assume $25 as a starting point.",
"If we assume 3% inflation, and post tax dollars which could have been put in a Roth IRA, the lifetime investment opportunity cost of haircuts over the next 70 years at the following rates of return would be (using the AARP investment return calculator):",
"And the great irony is that your hair won’t be any shorter after those 70 years (though there may be less of it).",
"Sure, you may have to buy your own clipper set for $20-40 every decade or so, but that will only cost you about 0.5% – 1% of the cost of the haircuts. Your real savings are about 99-99.5% if you learn how to cut your own hair.",
"The comfort and satisfaction that comes with knowing you have taken one step closer to financial independence and self sustainability.",
"Learning how to cut your own hair is intensely rewarding. If you’ve been afraid to do so, it’s time to take that leap.",
"This post was primarily geared towards the male audience and those who prefer shorter hair styles. I’d really love to see how those with longer hair styles have learned to cut their own hair or have others help them do it.",
"I’ve been cutting my husband’s hair for a couple years now and it’s actually a fun way for us to spend time together and joke around. He actually looks a lot better now because we’ll cut it at home way more often than he used to go get it cut professionally (once every 9 months?).",
"I’ve been cutting my own hair in an almost identical manner as that which you described for about 10 years. Saves money and time. It fact, it’s getting long. I’m going to go cut it.",
"I’ve been cutting my family’s hair for about three years now. It started when I had a baby and started cutting his hair. After a few of these cuts I got confident enough to cut my husband’s hair. Around this same time I started growing my own hair out so that I could cut it myself as well. For my husband and son I just do the standard male short cut with scissors. I cut it all the same length (I use three fingers as a guide) except for a little longer at the front. Then I trim around the ears and sideburns. Finally I taper the nape and then clean up with clippers. It looks as good as many cheap haircuts we’ve paid for and no-one has ever noticed that it is a home hair cut. The hardest part was getting the bravery to do it the first time. However, we reasoned that if I made a serious error, we would just have to go to the barber to get it fixed without any real loss. I’ve never messed up that bad. Minor uneven- ness is sometimes found a day or two later and I do a quick touch up straighten it out. My scissors cost $22. I forget the cost of the clippers, but they were probably $30ish. The Tightwad Gazette (book form) has instructions for cutting hair that are essentially identical to what I do. Also, it’s important to cut front to back across the top of the head and vertically around the back and sides or the hair will look chopped.",
"For my own hair I had to grow it out long in order to cut it. I use a very simple technique to layer it. I still haven’t found the perfect method and I’m still experimenting, but basically you carefully comb all your hair to a point along the center line of your hair and secure it with a hair band. You then cut and texture. There are variations where you pull out to the sides as well so that you don’t get a V shape in the back. Check out you tube for instructional videos on DIY layered cut.",
"I started laughing when I saw the title because I came to the same realization this year. I am a 26 yr old black woman with mid-length curly hair. I wanted a new look and after waiting for a Groupon deal from one of the local salons, I got impatient and purchased $15 scissors and gave myself a new bob.",
"It’s been great and I love getting compliments about my hair even more now. I typically have to fix a few mishaps that I notice a day after but it’s all part of the learning experience.",
"1. $25+ is a lot for a haircut. I pay around $15 or so. Less if I have coupons. 2. In your example, the hair dresser was male. It just stood out to me because I have had exactly one hair cut by a dude in my life. I suppose it depends on where you are. California? In Toronto, male hair dressers are not a thing. At least not in the major chains.",
"Great idea though. I’m losing my hair quickly so soon it will be very easy to cut my own (a very good and very bad thing).",
"I don’t cut my own hair but I will starting this month! Mine is easy anyway and I spend $30/month on getting a quick haircut. Thanks for the advice, you’ve saved me tons of money.",
"I can’t believe I am not the only one cutting my own hair! I have long hair and I’ve been mostly cutting it myself. My mom cuts her own hair too. If your hair is wavy, then it’s super easy. Nobody can even tell if it isn’t perfectly even.",
"Not to brag, but Im damn good at cutting my own hair. Probably stems from the fact that as the oldest of three boys we’ve been cutting each others hair since Jr High and saved a ton. I’m now in my thirties and after several attempts at going to the “Pros” and getting really upset at having to pay for terrible haircuts (I’ve the straightest hair in the world which is not forgiving to errors) I’ve decided never to go back. Currently my haircuts are fairly elaborate (longer on top, parted on the side and faded on the sides and back).",
"G.E., for a long time I was doing the buzz cut as well, and theres a couple of things I’d like to comment on that may make things even easier for you. One, you dont have to wash your hair before hand, in your case its so short it doesnt matter. Second I also found that with buzz cuts, if you cut it slightly longer it actually lasts longer before it starts looking scraggly. I start off with a #5 or #6 on top. then fade the sides progressively from #2 to #4, last the very edges on the bottom with #1. Ive found this way one can go up to 6 weeks and still look acceptable. Hope this helps",
"Great post! I am very proud to say that I cut my own hair while being nearsighted (challenging but doable.) Of course, these was after watching lots of Youtube videos. I read that you cut your damp hair with clippers. I am a bit confuse. I have read and heard from various sources that clippers are only to be use on dry hair in order to prolong the clipper’s age. Of course I could be wrong.",
"* G.E. Miller\nI oil the blades every time, which results in no rusting (visible, at least). I suppose you could cut dry to extend the life, but it doesn’t cut as easily.",
"I agree doing it at home is much easier. At first people thought I was crazy to let my then boyfriend give me a haircut, but years later as my husband, he still does a great job. I prefer to just tell him I want a trim this weekend and he does it for me, rather the time, hassle and expense of the salon. He uses the proper tools, he has the pro grade shears, hair clips, rat tail comb for sectioning and he sets me on the stool and capes me, to do my haircuts. I like knowing I don’t have worry about having him cut it too short or giving me a bad haircut. Saves me hundreds a year and I would not anyone else touching my hair, he has me spoiled.",
"We started giving my boys their haircuts at home after each received absolutely horrible haircuts at a chain from a “professional” barber. He left steps cut into the sides and he went higher on one side that the other on both haircuts and then hid his sloppiness with gel. Once I got them home to wash to itchy hairs off that got down their necks, I could see what bad haircuts they were. I researched online and bought a mid line quality set of Wahl clippers as the reviews said the cheapest sets are noisy and heat up quickly because of lower quality motors as well as not cutting as well and it was worth the price for a better unit that will last a decade or more. I watched YouTube videos with my then fiancée and waited until school was out to give the boys their haircuts. My guy coached me on technique as he used clippers to trim his own beard. I got nervous and had him take over when it came to the scissors over comb part on the top. He nicely blended the longer hair with the shorter hair on the sides without leaving steps. We did the same with my older son and both were happy with the results. My mom fawned over how handsome they looked and said it was about time I took them to get a decent haircut. She was surprised we did them at home and she said they looked neatly groomed and that it will save us a lot of money. Next time my boys said no, they did not want me to cut their hair, that they wanted my guy to do them. I was fired, but I figure that I save several hundred dollars by having him do them, he does mine as well which save me hundreds as well. My best friend was visiting when Inwas getting a trim, watched, complimented my hubby’s handiwork and asked him to cut hers. My mom got a bad haircut at her salon and grumbled that my hubby could have done a better job and it wouldn’t have cot her $60. Mind you you she thought him barbering the boys was great, but cutting mine was a horrible idea as she felt it was controlling. I agreed, I was in control of how my hair was being cut, not the stylist who did what she wanted. She was visiting when hubby was giving the boys their haircuts and mentioned she needed a trim. I joked for her to take a seat, she was next. And she did! She told him scissors only, no clippers. He assured her he would only use scissors and got out the cape he uses when he cuts mine. He asked her how much she wanted off, she was confused with numbers and he held up his hand and asked how many fingers worth. She said the pinkie and ring finger and he said ok. He combed out her hair, sectioned it and trimmed it so it was just grazing her shoulders as she asked. When he finished she asked for a mirror and then checked it out in the bathroom mirror. She smiled said thank you and she loved the price..FREE, with no wonky salon screw up or the expense. My hubby is very good with power and hand tools, so I guess he just gets it. Not everyone is and I admit I have seen some absolutely horrible attempts at home haircuts and the woman was bragging about doing them (she was one of those people who should not be allowed near shears or clippers ) and I have seen too many friends, coworkers and acquaintances that have gotten terrible chop jobs at the salon. I wonder how they got a license, but hey I see terrible drivers and wonder how they got their license as well.",
"I’m embarrassed for all of you who cut your own hair. It’s very easy to notice who does and who doesn’t. Yes, there are a large number of bad hair stylists out there and you don’t always get what you pay for. However, if you’re hirig someone to do something for you, like paint your house, pick out clothes for you to buy, and yes, cut your hair, you interview them. You check them out before putting yourself in their hands. The best cutters in the world spend years honing their skills, learn to apply the rules of architecture to building a structure out of the organic fabric that grows from your scalp, and are worth every penny.",
"We paint our own house, I pick out my own clothes, we raise fruits and vegetables, chickens, cut firewood, change our own oil in our cars, do our own yard work, fix plumbing and my husband cuts my hair and my children’s hair. He does an excellent job, I get compliments on my hair and on my children’s haircuts, and I get asked where we had them done. It seems there is such a high turnover of stylists in the hair business and finding one that will listen and do as you ask is rarer than hens teeth. He has fixed bad salon haircuts for friends of mine and my best friend will only let him cut her hair now. It’s just not worth the time, expense or hassle to go to the barbershop or salon when I get better results at home. There are people who take charge of their lives, do things for themselves, and take pride in not having to rely on someone else to do something for them as they are incapable of doing it for themselves. I admire these strong people and respect their work ethic. And then there are so who cannot, they whine and complain about those who can. It is very unbecoming of them, they need to grow up and take responsibility for their own life.",
"I have been cutting my husbands hair ever since he and I moved to Louisiana... more than 40 years ago. His hair is now balding and gray, but once or twice, when I was on a trip, he paid to have it cut by a pro. When someone begins losing their hair, a bad haircut is more obvious. I also now either cut my own hair, and sometimes , when I am in either Seattle or Virginia, I will pay someone to cut my hair. Also, I use professional scissors etc.- I’m sure that I have saved us thousands of dollars over many years. Also, we all have had bad experiences with pros. When my Mom was with us, I also used to cut her hair. I’m thankful to know that there are many others who are sick of ridiculous prices for a woman’s cut... and many salons do charge 20 for a mans cut, but double or triple to cut a woman’s hair.",
"My mother always took me to the salon from when I was a very young child and because my mother had no skills doing hair, she had hers cut in a butch style, now called a pixie and she went through phases where we were given boy short haircuts and she also allowed us to grow our hair until she got frustrated trying to brush our hair, then it all was cut off short. I always thought of a visit to the salon with dread. My cousin had long hair and my aunt who also had long hair, would comb and braid it for her. I wanted long hair but was not allowed to until I was 16. Even then salon visits that were not to my mother’s salon still left me dissatisfied. I got the opportunity to grow my hair when I met my husband. He took over doing my hair and it grew out. I have not paid for a haircut since. I know some cringe and others cheer, but having your hair cut at home by a family member or a friend is a significant savings. Some people have a talent for giving good haircuts, others should not be allowed to touch a pair of shears or clippers. Sadly I have met too many “licensed professionals” that fit in the second group. So if you have a family member or friend who gives a good haircut, all the better for you. I think people who criticize home haircuts are just upset because they spent too much money to get a license and make the same as fast food workers.",
"My mom’s been cutting my hair forever – it looks really nice. She buzzed it when we were young (didn’t like that too much but didn’t care that much either). Only partially buzzed with the rest cut now but its one of the few things she can still do for me, which she likes – like a present, which it is. Now she’s getting old – near 90, so I guess I’ll have to cut my own hair. Just fyi, I moved out when I was about 21 but in the same city. Thanks for writing about it to encourage all of us.",
"Your mother has saved you thousands over the years giving you free haircuts. It is great that she has been able to do it for you and that she has done such a great job. There are people that just seem to have a natural talent for it and others who should not touch a pair of shears or clippers. I was in Wal- Mart the other day and a woman complimented my hair which was in a dutch braid. I informed her that my husband had done it for me. She was impressed with his work and thought it was great that he could do it for me. I mentioned that I have him trim my hair for me as well. Her hair was longer than mine and she mentioned her mother was a hairdresser and she learned to cut her brother’s hair and her two sister’s as well. She trims her own as neither of her sisters are very good with the shears and she doesn’t trust either of them, and she doesn’t trust going to the salon as they would chop her hair off too short. She went once, got a bad haircut that left her hair poofing out like a Christmas tree and then refused to ever go again. She said she rarely wears her hair down, she usually wears her hair up in a bun for work and when she is doing chores around the house, she can put it in a three strand braid, but that is it. So I would say it is great having a family member that can do your hair for you and save you a lot of money.",
"I bought this same clipper set. I have too say its the best thing ive bought in along time. Really worth the money. Ive been cutting my own hair now for a year and I’ll never go back to the barber. Saved me a ton of cash. Great article.",
"Buying a good set of clippers is definitely a great investment. Wahl is a good brand that makes quality clippers that can last for years with proper maintenance. So I would agree that it is worth the money not to buy the cheapest on the shelf. A few months ago, a coworker of mine who has three boys was asking about how we do haircuts at home as she was looking to save money. She stopped by to visit as hubby was giving my boys their monthly haircuts to see how he does them. She watched intently and asked a number of questions as she watched. She felt it was something that she could do and we made a trip to Sally’s with her to get her the tools and supplies she needed. She bought a set of Wahl Designer clippers and peanut clippers combo that were on sale. It was a great price. She bought a good set of shears, combs, a couple capes, a can of clippercide and neck strips. She spent about $150 in total. With three boys ages 7, 9 and 12, at $15 a haircut plus transportation costs, it will be over $600 she will save the first year. Her husband is onboard with the idea, and when she gets comfortable doing haircuts with a little practice on the boys, he said he would let her cut his, so that is hundreds more a year. Hubby coached her on giving her boys their haircuts, helped her some, but overall she did really well. She used larger # clipper attachments to allow wiggle room to be fixed if needed, next time she will go shorter, once she feels comfortable getting the technique down, but with three boys, she will get plenty of practice. I asked her if she was going to have her husband cut her hair for her, but she said that was something she wasn’t ready to try yet. She was sure that her husband would be very reluctant to, and she was definitely not ready to let him do it. Given the current situation of the barbershops and salons being closed, she can still do haircuts for her boys and we ladies can go longer between haircuts.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Cut your Own Hair\n\nMenu\n\n# How to Cut your Own Hair (& Save Millions)\n\nLast updated: December 28, 2018 G.E. Miller 21 Comments\n\n## The Haircut Story:\n\nYou wake up. Look in the mirror every 4 weeks or so. And say to yourself, “You\nknow, I’m starting to look a little scraggly. I should probably get in for a\nhaircut today”.\n\nSo you get in your car, drive 15 minutes or so to the friendly national\nfranchised hair cutting chain conglomerate. The parking lot is busy – guess\nwhat? It’s Saturday, and everyone is running their errands after the week-long\nwork grind. So you wait 5 minutes for someone to leave and then whip in to the\nparking lot before the ambitious chatch in a SUV tries to cut you off. You\nsqueeze in just ahead of him, but narrowly missed a dented bumper.\n\nYou walk in. The place is packed. So you put your name in as “Harry\nMcCutterston” to amuse yourself, but the receptionist has no sense of humor.\nThere’s no wifi, so you settle in and pick up a 2 year old copy of Good\nHousekeeping and wait in the lobby for an hour, before they gloriously call\n“Harry McCutterston”. You expect the place to break out in laughter, but\ncrickets and some annoyed looks is all you get.\n\nSadly, it’s not your favorite hairdresser. She’s busy. She always is. But the\nnew guy is open! You’re sick of waiting, and you don’t want to hurt the new\ndresser’s feelings, so you decide to roll the dice.\n\nYou go to sit down and notice that the chair has a clump of wet hair on it.\nYou hope the hairdresser notices and wipes it off. He doesn’t. You’d rather\nthe hair touch your pants than your hands, so you make the plunge.\n\nAwkward hair and sports small talk ensues and then you meticulously explain\nevery little detail of what you were hoping to get accomplished, on top of\nyour noggin. All the while, you’re secretly worried he is going to screw up.\nAnd he does. Not much, but just enough for you to personally be annoyed and\nfor your friends to take notice and say, “Hey, did you cut your hair\ndifferently?”. Jerks.\n\nNow the fun part. You’ve not only got to pay them (really, you’re paying the\nfranchise owner, and the hairdresser gets a fraction of the cut) in the\nupwards of $20-30, but then you also need to tip the hairdresser... what, 20%?\nIs that enough? I don’t know... awkward. You walk out, realizing that to trim\nthe follicles that grow out of the skin that covers your skull, you just paid\nenough to feed a starving west African family for 2 months or save the life of\na few kittens. Sarah Mclachlan and lonely old dogs start going through your\nhead. You feel guilty and sad.\n\nTHEN, in the car ride home, you almost hit a kid chasing after a soccer ball\ninto the street. You fill up the gas tank for the weekly commute – there goes\nanother $50. And by the time you actually pull in to the driveway, your damn\nhair is already a tad bit longer than when you left the shop! And it never\nstops growing! And it won’t, for the next 50-80 years.\n\nIf any of this story sounds painfully familiar, it is time to learn how to cut\nyour own hair. NOW.\n\n## How to Cut your Own Hair\n\nFor about half of my life now, I’ve been cutting my own hair.\n\nAfter I started paying for my own haircuts, I woke up one day, while I was\nstill in high school, and said to myself, “You know what? I can do it better\nthan they can!”.\n\nSo I went out and bought myself a clipper set. At the time, I think it was\n$40-50. Here, we are, closing in on two decades later, and some of the best-\nselling sets on Amazon are going for $30 and $80 (I ended up recently\nupgrading to a Wahl Self-Cutting Clipper for $42 and absolutely love it). In\nother words, you can cut your hair, for the next decade+ for the cost of one\nsingle paid haircut! You really don’t need to spend any more than this. I’m on\nmy second set of clippers after almost two decades, and neither cost more than\nthis.\n\nClippers in hand, about every two weeks, I cut my own hair.\n\nWant to learn how to cut your own hair? The process is simple (for guys).\nHere’s how I do it:\n\n 1. Charge clipper while I wash my hair (I don’t even charge myself extra for that privilege). I lightly dry my hair, leaving it a bit damp, as I’ve found that damp/wet hair cuts more easily than dry.\n 2. Put on the blade attachment. It’s the same one every time. It is labeled as #2 – and it cuts my hair to about 1/4 in. in length, but you can go shorter/longer with your preference.\n 3. I cut my hair. Since it’s one fixed length, I just go over my entire head a few times until it looks nicely trimmed.\n 4. I trim the spot above my ears to clean that up a little.\n 5. Then, using a safety razor, and a handheld mirror to get a reflection from a wall mirror, I shave the back of my neck and cut a straight hair line. Sounds complicated, but after 1-2 attempts, you’ll be a pro.\n 6. As for maintenance, I make sure all of the hair is out of the clipper and every few months I’ll oil the blades with some blade oil.\n\n15 minutes, and I’m done.\n\n## The Cost Savings of Cutting your Own Hair\n\nOf primary benefit to cutting your own hair, is the cost savings.\n\nI know guys who pay a lot more than $25 to get their hair cut by others, but\nlets assume $25 as a starting point.\n\nLet’s assume you get a hair cut every month, and lets also assume $5 per trip\nfor parking/gas.\n\nThe cost of getting haircuts would be about $360 per year. Over a decade, it\nwould be $3,600+.\n\nWhat if, instead, you cut your own hair and then invested the cost savings?\n\nIf we assume 3% inflation, and post tax dollars which could have been put in a\nRoth IRA, the lifetime investment opportunity cost of haircuts over the next\n70 years at the following rates of return would be (using the AARP investment\nreturn calculator):\n\n * 4%: $268,558\n * 6%: $650,731\n * 8%: $1,638,314\n * 10%: $4,422,919\n\nAnd the great irony is that your hair won’t be any shorter after those 70\nyears (though there may be less of it).\n\nSure, you may have to buy your own clipper set for $20-40 every decade or so,\nbut that will only cost you about 0.5% – 1% of the cost of the haircuts. Your\nreal savings are about 99-99.5% if you learn how to cut your own hair.\n\n## Other Benefits of Learning How to Cut your Own Hair\n\nOutside of the obvious cost benefits that come from cutting your own hair,\nthere are other HUGE benefits:\n\n * About one day per year in time saved from driving, parking, waiting, and driving home.\n * You can cut your hair more often and whenever you’d like.\n * You can cut your own hair to whatever length and specification you’d like, without someone messing it up.\n * Less wear and tear on your vehicle, environmental impact of driving, and opportunity to get in to an accident.\n * The comfort and satisfaction that comes with knowing you have taken one step closer to financial independence and self sustainability.\n\nLearning how to cut your own hair is intensely rewarding. If you’ve been\nafraid to do so, it’s time to take that leap.\n\n## How to Cut your Own Hair Discussion:\n\n * Do you cut your own hair? How long have you been doing it? What tips do you have?\n * This post was primarily geared towards the male audience and those who prefer shorter hair styles. I’d really love to see how those with longer hair styles have learned to cut their own hair or have others help them do it.\n\nRelated Posts:\n\nHow I Cut My Cost of Shaving 90% with a Safety Razor\n\n#### Related Posts\n\n## The Power of Portion Control\n\n## Serious About Savings? Get Rid of your Car\n\n## How to Make your Own Non-Toxic Cleaning Products\n\n#### 21 Comments\n\n 1. Emily @ evolvingPF\n\nI’ve been cutting my husband’s hair for a couple years now and it’s actually a\nfun way for us to spend time together and joke around. He actually looks a lot\nbetter now because we’ll cut it at home way more often than he used to go get\nit cut professionally (once every 9 months?).\n\n 2. Pete\n\nI’ve been cutting my own hair in an almost identical manner as that which you\ndescribed for about 10 years. Saves money and time. It fact, it’s getting\nlong. I’m going to go cut it.\n\n 3. Natalie H\n\nI’ve been cutting my family’s hair for about three years now. It started when\nI had a baby and started cutting his hair. After a few of these cuts I got\nconfident enough to cut my husband’s hair. Around this same time I started\ngrowing my own hair out so that I could cut it myself as well. For my husband\nand son I just do the standard male short cut with scissors. I cut it all the\nsame length (I use three fingers as a guide) except for a little longer at the\nfront. Then I trim around the ears and sideburns. Finally I taper the nape and\nthen clean up with clippers. It looks as good as many cheap haircuts we’ve\npaid for and no-one has ever noticed that it is a home hair cut. The hardest\npart was getting the bravery to do it the first time. However, we reasoned\nthat if I made a serious error, we would just have to go to the barber to get\nit fixed without any real loss. I’ve never messed up that bad. Minor uneven-\nness is sometimes found a day or two later and I do a quick touch up\nstraighten it out. My scissors cost $22. I forget the cost of the clippers,\nbut they were probably $30ish. The Tightwad Gazette (book form) has\ninstructions for cutting hair that are essentially identical to what I do.\nAlso, it’s important to cut front to back across the top of the head and\nvertically around the back and sides or the hair will look chopped.\n\nFor my own hair I had to grow it out long in order to cut it. I use a very\nsimple technique to layer it. I still haven’t found the perfect method and I’m\nstill experimenting, but basically you carefully comb all your hair to a point\nalong the center line of your hair and secure it with a hair band. You then\ncut and texture. There are variations where you pull out to the sides as well\nso that you don’t get a V shape in the back. Check out you tube for\ninstructional videos on DIY layered cut.\n\n 4. Pamela\n\nI started laughing when I saw the title because I came to the same realization\nthis year. I am a 26 yr old black woman with mid-length curly hair. I wanted a\nnew look and after waiting for a Groupon deal from one of the local salons, I\ngot impatient and purchased $15 scissors and gave myself a new bob.\n\nIt’s been great and I love getting compliments about my hair even more now. I\ntypically have to fix a few mishaps that I notice a day after but it’s all\npart of the learning experience.\n\n 5. David Silva\n\nOdd things about this article (based on my experience):\n\n1\\. $25+ is a lot for a haircut. I pay around $15 or so. Less if I have\ncoupons. 2. In your example, the hair dresser was male. It just stood out to\nme because I have had exactly one hair cut by a dude in my life. I suppose it\ndepends on where you are. California? In Toronto, male hair dressers are not a\nthing. At least not in the major chains.\n\nGreat idea though. I’m losing my hair quickly so soon it will be very easy to\ncut my own (a very good and very bad thing).\n\n 6. MonicaOnMoney\n\nI don’t cut my own hair but I will starting this month! Mine is easy anyway\nand I spend $30/month on getting a quick haircut. Thanks for the advice,\nyou’ve saved me tons of money.\n\n 7. Elena\n\nI can’t believe I am not the only one cutting my own hair! I have long hair\nand I’ve been mostly cutting it myself. My mom cuts her own hair too. If your\nhair is wavy, then it’s super easy. Nobody can even tell if it isn’t perfectly\neven.\n\n 8. RG\n\nNot to brag, but Im damn good at cutting my own hair. Probably stems from the\nfact that as the oldest of three boys we’ve been cutting each others hair\nsince Jr High and saved a ton. I’m now in my thirties and after several\nattempts at going to the “Pros” and getting really upset at having to pay for\nterrible haircuts (I’ve the straightest hair in the world which is not\nforgiving to errors) I’ve decided never to go back. Currently my haircuts are\nfairly elaborate (longer on top, parted on the side and faded on the sides and\nback).\n\nG.E., for a long time I was doing the buzz cut as well, and theres a couple of\nthings I’d like to comment on that may make things even easier for you. One,\nyou dont have to wash your hair before hand, in your case its so short it\ndoesnt matter. Second I also found that with buzz cuts, if you cut it slightly\nlonger it actually lasts longer before it starts looking scraggly. I start off\nwith a #5 or #6 on top. then fade the sides progressively from #2 to #4, last\nthe very edges on the bottom with #1. Ive found this way one can go up to 6\nweeks and still look acceptable. Hope this helps\n\n 9. Jay\n\nGreat post! I am very proud to say that I cut my own hair while being\nnearsighted (challenging but doable.) Of course, these was after watching lots\nof Youtube videos. I read that you cut your damp hair with clippers. I am a\nbit confuse. I have read and heard from various sources that clippers are only\nto be use on dry hair in order to prolong the clipper’s age. Of course I could\nbe wrong.\n\n * G.E. Miller\n\nI oil the blades every time, which results in no rusting (visible, at least).\nI suppose you could cut dry to extend the life, but it doesn’t cut as easily.\n\n * Jay\n\nGood point. If it works, then it works.\n\n 10. Carolyn\n\nI agree doing it at home is much easier. At first people thought I was crazy\nto let my then boyfriend give me a haircut, but years later as my husband, he\nstill does a great job. I prefer to just tell him I want a trim this weekend\nand he does it for me, rather the time, hassle and expense of the salon. He\nuses the proper tools, he has the pro grade shears, hair clips, rat tail comb\nfor sectioning and he sets me on the stool and capes me, to do my haircuts. I\nlike knowing I don’t have worry about having him cut it too short or giving me\na bad haircut. Saves me hundreds a year and I would not anyone else touching\nmy hair, he has me spoiled.\n\n 11. Kerry\n\nWe started giving my boys their haircuts at home after each received\nabsolutely horrible haircuts at a chain from a “professional” barber. He left\nsteps cut into the sides and he went higher on one side that the other on both\nhaircuts and then hid his sloppiness with gel. Once I got them home to wash to\nitchy hairs off that got down their necks, I could see what bad haircuts they\nwere. I researched online and bought a mid line quality set of Wahl clippers\nas the reviews said the cheapest sets are noisy and heat up quickly because of\nlower quality motors as well as not cutting as well and it was worth the price\nfor a better unit that will last a decade or more. I watched YouTube videos\nwith my then fiancée and waited until school was out to give the boys their\nhaircuts. My guy coached me on technique as he used clippers to trim his own\nbeard. I got nervous and had him take over when it came to the scissors over\ncomb part on the top. He nicely blended the longer hair with the shorter hair\non the sides without leaving steps. We did the same with my older son and both\nwere happy with the results. My mom fawned over how handsome they looked and\nsaid it was about time I took them to get a decent haircut. She was surprised\nwe did them at home and she said they looked neatly groomed and that it will\nsave us a lot of money. Next time my boys said no, they did not want me to cut\ntheir hair, that they wanted my guy to do them. I was fired, but I figure that\nI save several hundred dollars by having him do them, he does mine as well\nwhich save me hundreds as well. My best friend was visiting when Inwas getting\na trim, watched, complimented my hubby’s handiwork and asked him to cut hers.\nMy mom got a bad haircut at her salon and grumbled that my hubby could have\ndone a better job and it wouldn’t have cot her $60. Mind you you she thought\nhim barbering the boys was great, but cutting mine was a horrible idea as she\nfelt it was controlling. I agreed, I was in control of how my hair was being\ncut, not the stylist who did what she wanted. She was visiting when hubby was\ngiving the boys their haircuts and mentioned she needed a trim. I joked for\nher to take a seat, she was next. And she did! She told him scissors only, no\nclippers. He assured her he would only use scissors and got out the cape he\nuses when he cuts mine. He asked her how much she wanted off, she was confused\nwith numbers and he held up his hand and asked how many fingers worth. She\nsaid the pinkie and ring finger and he said ok. He combed out her hair,\nsectioned it and trimmed it so it was just grazing her shoulders as she asked.\nWhen he finished she asked for a mirror and then checked it out in the\nbathroom mirror. She smiled said thank you and she loved the price..FREE, with\nno wonky salon screw up or the expense. My hubby is very good with power and\nhand tools, so I guess he just gets it. Not everyone is and I admit I have\nseen some absolutely horrible attempts at home haircuts and the woman was\nbragging about doing them (she was one of those people who should not be\nallowed near shears or clippers ) and I have seen too many friends, coworkers\nand acquaintances that have gotten terrible chop jobs at the salon. I wonder\nhow they got a license, but hey I see terrible drivers and wonder how they got\ntheir license as well.\n\n 12. Joshua K Blank\n\nI’m embarrassed for all of you who cut your own hair. It’s very easy to notice\nwho does and who doesn’t. Yes, there are a large number of bad hair stylists\nout there and you don’t always get what you pay for. However, if you’re hirig\nsomeone to do something for you, like paint your house, pick out clothes for\nyou to buy, and yes, cut your hair, you interview them. You check them out\nbefore putting yourself in their hands. The best cutters in the world spend\nyears honing their skills, learn to apply the rules of architecture to\nbuilding a structure out of the organic fabric that grows from your scalp, and\nare worth every penny.\n\n 13. Carolyn\n\nWe paint our own house, I pick out my own clothes, we raise fruits and\nvegetables, chickens, cut firewood, change our own oil in our cars, do our own\nyard work, fix plumbing and my husband cuts my hair and my children’s hair. He\ndoes an excellent job, I get compliments on my hair and on my children’s\nhaircuts, and I get asked where we had them done. It seems there is such a\nhigh turnover of stylists in the hair business and finding one that will\nlisten and do as you ask is rarer than hens teeth. He has fixed bad salon\nhaircuts for friends of mine and my best friend will only let him cut her hair\nnow. It’s just not worth the time, expense or hassle to go to the barbershop\nor salon when I get better results at home. There are people who take charge\nof their lives, do things for themselves, and take pride in not having to rely\non someone else to do something for them as they are incapable of doing it for\nthemselves. I admire these strong people and respect their work ethic. And\nthen there are so who cannot, they whine and complain about those who can. It\nis very unbecoming of them, they need to grow up and take responsibility for\ntheir own life.\n\n 14. Cathy A\n\nI have been cutting my husbands hair ever since he and I moved to Louisiana...\nmore than 40 years ago. His hair is now balding and gray, but once or twice,\nwhen I was on a trip, he paid to have it cut by a pro. When someone begins\nlosing their hair, a bad haircut is more obvious. I also now either cut my own\nhair, and sometimes , when I am in either Seattle or Virginia, I will pay\nsomeone to cut my hair. Also, I use professional scissors etc.- I’m sure that\nI have saved us thousands of dollars over many years. Also, we all have had\nbad experiences with pros. When my Mom was with us, I also used to cut her\nhair. I’m thankful to know that there are many others who are sick of\nridiculous prices for a woman’s cut... and many salons do charge 20 for a mans\ncut, but double or triple to cut a woman’s hair.\n\n 15. Kerry\n\nMy mother always took me to the salon from when I was a very young child and\nbecause my mother had no skills doing hair, she had hers cut in a butch style,\nnow called a pixie and she went through phases where we were given boy short\nhaircuts and she also allowed us to grow our hair until she got frustrated\ntrying to brush our hair, then it all was cut off short. I always thought of a\nvisit to the salon with dread. My cousin had long hair and my aunt who also\nhad long hair, would comb and braid it for her. I wanted long hair but was not\nallowed to until I was 16. Even then salon visits that were not to my mother’s\nsalon still left me dissatisfied. I got the opportunity to grow my hair when I\nmet my husband. He took over doing my hair and it grew out. I have not paid\nfor a haircut since. I know some cringe and others cheer, but having your hair\ncut at home by a family member or a friend is a significant savings. Some\npeople have a talent for giving good haircuts, others should not be allowed to\ntouch a pair of shears or clippers. Sadly I have met too many “licensed\nprofessionals” that fit in the second group. So if you have a family member or\nfriend who gives a good haircut, all the better for you. I think people who\ncriticize home haircuts are just upset because they spent too much money to\nget a license and make the same as fast food workers.\n\n 16. Al\n\nMy mom’s been cutting my hair forever – it looks really nice. She buzzed it\nwhen we were young (didn’t like that too much but didn’t care that much\neither). Only partially buzzed with the rest cut now but its one of the few\nthings she can still do for me, which she likes – like a present, which it is.\nNow she’s getting old – near 90, so I guess I’ll have to cut my own hair. Just\nfyi, I moved out when I was about 21 but in the same city. Thanks for writing\nabout it to encourage all of us.\n\n 17. Carolyn\n\nYour mother has saved you thousands over the years giving you free haircuts.\nIt is great that she has been able to do it for you and that she has done such\na great job. There are people that just seem to have a natural talent for it\nand others who should not touch a pair of shears or clippers. I was in Wal-\nMart the other day and a woman complimented my hair which was in a dutch\nbraid. I informed her that my husband had done it for me. She was impressed\nwith his work and thought it was great that he could do it for me. I mentioned\nthat I have him trim my hair for me as well. Her hair was longer than mine and\nshe mentioned her mother was a hairdresser and she learned to cut her\nbrother’s hair and her two sister’s as well. She trims her own as neither of\nher sisters are very good with the shears and she doesn’t trust either of\nthem, and she doesn’t trust going to the salon as they would chop her hair off\ntoo short. She went once, got a bad haircut that left her hair poofing out\nlike a Christmas tree and then refused to ever go again. She said she rarely\nwears her hair down, she usually wears her hair up in a bun for work and when\nshe is doing chores around the house, she can put it in a three strand braid,\nbut that is it. So I would say it is great having a family member that can do\nyour hair for you and save you a lot of money.\n\n 18. Bobby\n\nI bought this same clipper set. I have too say its the best thing ive bought\nin along time. Really worth the money. Ive been cutting my own hair now for a\nyear and I’ll never go back to the barber. Saved me a ton of cash. Great\narticle.\n\n 19. Carolyn\n\nBuying a good set of clippers is definitely a great investment. Wahl is a good\nbrand that makes quality clippers that can last for years with proper\nmaintenance. So I would agree that it is worth the money not to buy the\ncheapest on the shelf. A few months ago, a coworker of mine who has three boys\nwas asking about how we do haircuts at home as she was looking to save money.\nShe stopped by to visit as hubby was giving my boys their monthly haircuts to\nsee how he does them. She watched intently and asked a number of questions as\nshe watched. She felt it was something that she could do and we made a trip to\nSally’s with her to get her the tools and supplies she needed. She bought a\nset of Wahl Designer clippers and peanut clippers combo that were on sale. It\nwas a great price. She bought a good set of shears, combs, a couple capes, a\ncan of clippercide and neck strips. She spent about $150 in total. With three\nboys ages 7, 9 and 12, at $15 a haircut plus transportation costs, it will be\nover $600 she will save the first year. Her husband is onboard with the idea,\nand when she gets comfortable doing haircuts with a little practice on the\nboys, he said he would let her cut his, so that is hundreds more a year. Hubby\ncoached her on giving her boys their haircuts, helped her some, but overall\nshe did really well. She used larger # clipper attachments to allow wiggle\nroom to be fixed if needed, next time she will go shorter, once she feels\ncomfortable getting the technique down, but with three boys, she will get\nplenty of practice. I asked her if she was going to have her husband cut her\nhair for her, but she said that was something she wasn’t ready to try yet. She\nwas sure that her husband would be very reluctant to, and she was definitely\nnot ready to let him do it. Given the current situation of the barbershops and\nsalons being closed, she can still do haircuts for her boys and we ladies can\ngo longer between haircuts.\n\n#### Join 10,000+ Members\n\nGet new articles, by email, for free.\n\nThank you for subscribing!\n\nOops... Please try again.\n\n### Popular Posts\n\n * Money Saving Products I Personally Use\n * How to Pay Taxes with a Credit Card (and Profit)\n * The U.S. is the Most Overworked Nation in the World\n * How Much Should you Spend on an Engagement Ring? Nothing.\n * Would you Support your Financially Negligent Parents?\n\n### FOLLOW 20SF ON:\n\n### LIKE & FOLLOW ON FACEBOOK:\n\n### SEARCH THE SITE:\n\n20somethingfinance.com Copyright © 2021.\n\nThis site provides general info & entertainment & should not be considered\nfinancial advice. Consult an independent financial advisor for your specific\nsituation. Per FTC guidelines, this site may be compensated by companies\nmentioned through advertising & affiliate partnerships.\n\n#### Join 10,000+ readers & get new articles by email, for free.\n\nThank you for subscribing!\n\nOops... Please try again.\n\nWe value privacy. Your email address won't be sold or shared.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211101235930/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/hair-washing",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Conditioner: What Kind Should You Look For?",
"passages": [
"Conditioner is a product you use after shampoo to add moisture to your hair. It helps improve the overall texture, feel, and appearance. How do you know if your conditioner offers the best results for your hair type? Learn how conditioner can benefit your hair, including choosing ingredients that improve your hair health.",
"While shampoo is more fluid, conditioner is thicker and has more substance. The main goals of conditioner are to lock in your hair’s moisture and protect it from the sun and environmental damage. Conditioner is similar to a moisturizer you apply to your skin to help it stay healthy. If you don’t use conditioner, you leave your hair exposed to more potential damage.",
"Dry hair. Dry hair tends to break more easily. A thick conditioner that is rich in nourishing ingredients helps to tame your hair and keep it looking healthy. The right conditioner can help reduce frizz and the appearance of split ends.",
"Neutral hair. If you don’t think your hair is oily or dry, you probably need a standard conditioner. You can moisturize without weighing your hair down or making it look oily. You may find that you can use less conditioning product in each shower or condition your hair less often.",
"Oily hair. If your hair tends to look oily around your scalp, focus conditioner on the ends of your hair. Avoid the scalp area so you don’t increase oil or clog the hair follicles on your scalp. Because your hair is oily, you don’t need as much conditioner to maintain your hair’s health.",
"Thickening conditioner. This may also be called a volumizing conditioner. It has ingredients that cling to your individual hair strands and make your hair look thicker and fuller. Protein, collagen, biotin, caffeine, green tea, and saw palmetto are great to look for in a conditioner if you want your hair to have more volume.",
"Deep conditioner. This conditioner is thicker than the standard. It's designed to treat curly, thick, or color-treated hair that is more prone to be dry or damaged. This isn’t a conditioner you use every day. Instead, incorporate it into your hair routine once a week or a couple of times per month. Use a different conditioner in between to maintain the best results.",
"Moisturizing conditioner. These conditioners contain more oils as ingredients to keep your hair soft and smooth. If you have oily hair, you want to avoid this conditioner as it may make your scalp worse. Moisturizing conditioner is best for dry, curly, or thick hair that needs more moisture.",
"Protein conditioner. Keratin is the primary protein used to strengthen your hair and prevent breakage. This conditioner is best for hair that is thin or fine. Because it tends to be a heavier conditioner, you want to use it sparingly. Once or twice a month is enough, and you can use a standard conditioner in between uses to maintain results.",
"Cream rinse conditioner. This is a thinner conditioner that is closer to the consistency of shampoo. It’s great for detangling your hair if you don’t need extra moisture, volume, or protection. If your hair tends to be very tangly, you want to use a more robust conditioner than cream rinse.",
"Leave-in conditioner. This conditioner is usually in the form of a cream or a spray. You put the product in your hair after you get out of the shower while it’s still damp. If your hair is frizzy or you have split ends, a leave-in conditioner provides added protection to your hair. You can use it in addition to the conditioner you apply to your hair after shampooing.",
"Some conditioners are for daily use, while others you incorporate two to three times per week based on your hair’s needs. For example, if you have oily hair, you can use a special conditioner a few times a week. Using one every day may strip too much oil from your hair and do more damage than good.",
"By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Conditioner: What Kind Should You Look For?\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Shampoo and Conditioner Home\n\n * The Essentials\n * Explore More\n * Features\n * Video\n * Slideshows & Images\n * Quizzes\n\n### Healthy Beauty\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n\n### Healthy Beauty Guide\n\n * Cosmetic Surgery\n * Cosmetics & Makeup\n * Hair Care\n * Healthy Nails\n * Spa Treatments\n * All Topics\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * Fitness & Exercise\n * Hair Loss\n * Healthy Aging\n * Skin Problems & Treatments\n * Psoriasis\n * Women's Health\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Healthy Beauty\n\n * Feature Stories\n\n#### Psoriasis: Simple Skin Care Tips\n\n# How to Choose the Best Conditioner\n\nBy Katy Hebebrand\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nConditioner is a product you use after shampoo to add moisture to your hair.\nIt helps improve the overall texture, feel, and appearance. How do you know if\nyour conditioner offers the best results for your hair type? Learn how\nconditioner can benefit your hair, including choosing ingredients that improve\nyour hair health.\n\n## The Goal of Conditioner\n\nWhile shampoo is more fluid, conditioner is thicker and has more substance.\nThe main goals of conditioner are to lock in your hair’s moisture and protect\nit from the sun and environmental damage. Conditioner is similar to a\nmoisturizer you apply to your skin to help it stay healthy. If you don’t use\nconditioner, you leave your hair exposed to more potential damage.\n\n## Identifying Your Hair Type\n\nKnowing what type of hair you have can help you choose the best conditioner\nfor your needs.\n\nDry hair. Dry hair tends to break more easily. A thick conditioner that is\nrich in nourishing ingredients helps to tame your hair and keep it looking\nhealthy. The right conditioner can help reduce frizz and the appearance of\nsplit ends.\n\nNeutral hair. If you don’t think your hair is oily or dry, you probably need a\nstandard conditioner. You can moisturize without weighing your hair down or\nmaking it look oily. You may find that you can use less conditioning product\nin each shower or condition your hair less often.\n\nOily hair. If your hair tends to look oily around your scalp, focus\nconditioner on the ends of your hair. Avoid the scalp area so you don’t\nincrease oil or clog the hair follicles on your scalp. Because your hair is\noily, you don’t need as much conditioner to maintain your hair’s health.\n\n## Different Types of Conditioner\n\nYou should choose a conditioner based on your hair type. Consider if your hair\nis:\n\n * Oily, normal, or dry\n * Fine or thick\n * Straight, wavy, or curly\n * Color-treated or bleached\n * Any combination of these\n\nThickening conditioner. This may also be called a volumizing conditioner. It\nhas ingredients that cling to your individual hair strands and make your hair\nlook thicker and fuller. Protein, collagen, biotin, caffeine, green tea, and\nsaw palmetto are great to look for in a conditioner if you want your hair to\nhave more volume.\n\n#### Continued\n\nDeep conditioner. This conditioner is thicker than the standard. It's designed\nto treat curly, thick, or color-treated hair that is more prone to be dry or\ndamaged. This isn’t a conditioner you use every day. Instead, incorporate it\ninto your hair routine once a week or a couple of times per month. Use a\ndifferent conditioner in between to maintain the best results.\n\nMoisturizing conditioner. These conditioners contain more oils as ingredients\nto keep your hair soft and smooth. If you have oily hair, you want to avoid\nthis conditioner as it may make your scalp worse. Moisturizing conditioner is\nbest for dry, curly, or thick hair that needs more moisture.\n\nProtein conditioner. Keratin is the primary protein used to strengthen your\nhair and prevent breakage. This conditioner is best for hair that is thin or\nfine. Because it tends to be a heavier conditioner, you want to use it\nsparingly. Once or twice a month is enough, and you can use a standard\nconditioner in between uses to maintain results.\n\nCream rinse conditioner. This is a thinner conditioner that is closer to the\nconsistency of shampoo. It’s great for detangling your hair if you don’t need\nextra moisture, volume, or protection. If your hair tends to be very tangly,\nyou want to use a more robust conditioner than cream rinse.\n\nLeave-in conditioner. This conditioner is usually in the form of a cream or a\nspray. You put the product in your hair after you get out of the shower while\nit’s still damp. If your hair is frizzy or you have split ends, a leave-in\nconditioner provides added protection to your hair. You can use it in addition\nto the conditioner you apply to your hair after shampooing.\n\nSome conditioners are for daily use, while others you incorporate two to three\ntimes per week based on your hair’s needs. For example, if you have oily hair,\nyou can use a special conditioner a few times a week. Using one every day may\nstrip too much oil from your hair and do more damage than good.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## Other Hair Care Tips\n\nIf you want to maximize your hair care, use these tips to keep hair healthy in\nbetween conditioning:\n\n * Find a shampoo that meets your hair’s needs and pairs well with your conditioner.\n * If your hair is dry or color-treated, you may wash it less often but use more conditioner.\n * Commit to trying several conditioners until you find one that works best for your hair.\n * Use a swim cap if you swim in a pool to prevent damage from chlorine and other pool chemicals.\n\nWebMD Feature Reviewed by Dan Brennan, MD on August 30, 2021\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nAmerican Academy of Dermatology Association: “TIPS FOR HEALTHY HAIR.”\n\nCleveland Clinic: “Your Guide to Aging, Thinning Hair: 5 Simple Tips.”\n\nKeeps: “The 7 Different Types of Conditioner You Should Know About.\"\n\nMinnesota School of Cosmetology: “6 Benefits of Conditioner and Conditioner.”\n\n© 2012 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Hair Going Gray? Here’s Why\n * Makeup Dos and Don’ts\n * Safest Ways to Straighten Your Hair\n * Stretch Marks Getting Under Your Skin?\n\n### further reading\n\n * 10 Foods for Healthy Hair\n * Shampoo Types: Clarifying, Voluminzing, Dry Shampoo, and More\n * The 411 on Hair Conditioners\n * Healthy Hair Every Day\n * How Often Should You Wash Your Hair?\n * Flirty at Thirty: Holiday Hair\n * Expert Hair Tips\n * Shampoo and Conditioner Topics\n\n### Today on Radiance\n\n#### Beauty Oils: Benefits of Coconut, Argan, and More\n\nThe benefits of coconut, argan, tea tree and more.\n\n#### Sun Safety: Tips to Help Save Your Skin From Damage\n\nTips to help save your skin from damage.\n\n#### Reduce Wrinkles: 9 Secrets to Smoother Skin\n\n9 secrets of smoother skin.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Age-Defying Makeup Tricks\n\nVideo\n\n#### Foot Care Made Simple\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Are You Making These Beauty Mistakes?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Banish the Bags Under Your Eyes\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Best Styles for Your Hair Type\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Foods for Beautiful Skin\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Think You Know How to Care for Your Hair?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Secrets for Stunning Eyes\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Do You Need a Special Eye Cream?\n * The Benefits of Botox\n * Guide to a Perfect Pedi\n * How Safe is Hair Dye?\n * When Fashion Hurts\n * Beauty Time-Savers\n\n## Get Skin Care Tips In Your Inbox\n\n### Skin care and wellness tips to help you look and feel your best. Sign up\nfor the Good Health newsletter.\n\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Penis Curved When Erect?\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Benefits of CBD\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Liver Transplants Save Lives\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Health Benefits of Hemp Seed Oil\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * 5 Health Benefits of Hemp\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n"
}
] |
1,322,721 | How To Zest an Orange | "To zest an orange, first place your grater on top of a cutting board. If you
don't have a grater, you can use a microplane instead. Next, take the
orange and gently scrape it along the grater from top to bottom. Once you
reach the white rind, rotate the orange slightly and repeat. Keep doing
this until you've grated off all of the orange skin on the outside of the
fruit. " | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210606060836/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201026032334/https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180303034601/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171202131832/http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html"
] | train | 2,115 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210606060836/https://www.thekitchn.com/how-to-zest-a-lemon-cooking-lessons-from-the-kitchn-198570",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges",
"passages": [
"When you want to add a zingy, sweet citrus flavor to food, the juice is good, but the zest is even better. It has natural oils that will impart way more flavor than you’ll get from juicing. Plus, sometimes all you need is a little bit.",
"So whether you’re working with lemons, limes, oranges, or any other citrus fruit, there are four easy ways to get your hands on some zest.",
"There are four different kitchen tools that can be used to zest citrus fruits: a microplane, citrus zester, vegetable peeler, or paring knife. The choice about which tool to use is entirely up to you. It all depends on how you plan to use the zest and your personal preference.",
"For finely grated zest that melts into a pound cake or batch of cookies, a microplane produces the best results. If you’d like a pretty garnish for your cocktail glass, then a citrus zester will give you a little curlicue. On the other hand, if appearance and size don’t matter, a simple paring knife or peeler will get the job done just fine.",
"No matter which type of citrus you’re working with or method you use, there is one universal rule that will always apply: Remove just the thin, colored skin, or zest, of the fruit. Always leave behind the soft, white pith that lies underneath. The pith has a bitter, unappealing taste that you simply don’t want to include.",
"Removing just the right amount of zest without picking up any of the pith can be tricky, but it gets easier the more times you do it. It depends on the type of tool you’re using, as well as the amount of pressure you apply.",
"Finely grated zest from a microplane: Use in batters and doughs, and other times you want the zest to melt into the dish.",
"Large pieces of zest from a peeler or knife: Use for rimming cocktail glasses and cocktail garnishes, and also for infusing things like oils or sugar syrups.",
"Using a citrus zester: Use moderate pressure to drag the sharp-edged side of the tool down the fruit. This tool produces long, thin, curly strips of zest that are ideal for garnishes.",
"Using a Microplane: Over a cutting board or plate, hold the Microplane in one hand, and use a downward motion and moderate pressure to drag the citrus against the blades of the Microplane. Turn the fruit as you go, removing just the colored portion of the skin. The zest will gather in the groove underneath the Microplane. This tool produces finely grated zest for mixing into batters and doughs.",
"Using a vegetable peeler: Using moderate pressure, so as not to remove any pith, drag the peeler down the citrus fruit, from top to bottom, or around the fruit. This makes large pieces of zest, perfect for infusing oils or sugar syrup. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a knife.",
"Using a paring knife: Be sure the knife you're using is sharp. Carefully cut into the skin and slide the knife around the fruit, between the zest and the pith. Like the peeler, a paring knife gives you large pieces of zest. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a paring knife."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges | Kitchn\n\nNewsletters\n\nCooking Lessons from The Kitchn\n\nHow To\n\n# How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges\n\nby Kelli Foster\n\npublished Jul 29, 2015\n\nCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nWe independently select these products—if you buy from one of our links, we\nmay earn a commission.\n\n(Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\nWhen you want to add a zingy, sweet citrus flavor to food, the juice is good,\nbut the zest is even better. It has natural oils that will impart way more\nflavor than you’ll get from juicing. Plus, sometimes all you need is a little\nbit.\n\nSo whether you’re working with lemons, limes, oranges, or any other citrus\nfruit, there are four easy ways to get your hands on some zest.\n\n(Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\n### Four Ways to Zest Citrus\n\nThere are four different kitchen tools that can be used to zest citrus fruits:\na microplane, citrus zester, vegetable peeler, or paring knife. The choice\nabout which tool to use is entirely up to you. It all depends on how you plan\nto use the zest and your personal preference.\n\nFor finely grated zest that melts into a pound cake or batch of cookies, a\nmicroplane produces the best results. If you’d like a pretty garnish for your\ncocktail glass, then a citrus zester will give you a little curlicue. On the\nother hand, if appearance and size don’t matter, a simple paring knife or\npeeler will get the job done just fine.\n\n### The Most Important Rule of Zesting\n\nNo matter which type of citrus you’re working with or method you use, there is\none universal rule that will always apply: Remove just the thin, colored skin,\nor zest, of the fruit. Always leave behind the soft, white pith that lies\nunderneath. The pith has a bitter, unappealing taste that you simply don’t\nwant to include.\n\nRemoving just the right amount of zest without picking up any of the pith can\nbe tricky, but it gets easier the more times you do it. It depends on the type\nof tool you’re using, as well as the amount of pressure you apply.\n\n### Ways to Use Citrus Zest\n\n * Finely grated zest from a microplane: Use in batters and doughs, and other times you want the zest to melt into the dish.\n * Curly zest from a citrus zester: Use for cocktail garnishes and for candied citrus decorations.\n * Large pieces of zest from a peeler or knife: Use for rimming cocktail glasses and cocktail garnishes, and also for infusing things like oils or sugar syrups.\n\n1 / 7\n\nChoose your tool for the job: citrus zester, peeler, paring knife, or\nMicroplane. (Image credit: Kelli Foster)\n\nComments\n\n1 Rating\n\n## How To Easily Zest Lemons, Limes, and Oranges\n\n * alcohol-free\n * egg-free\n * paleo\n * kidney-friendly\n * peanut-free\n * pork-free\n * pescatarian\n * gluten-free\n * tree-nut-free\n * low-sodium\n * red-meat-free\n * low-fat\n * dairy-free\n * fish-free\n * vegetarian\n * shellfish-free\n * vegan\n * no-oil-added\n * soy-free\n * wheat-free\n\nPer serving, based on 2 servings. (% daily value)\n\n * Calories 49\n * Fat 0.2 g (0.4%)\n * Saturated 0.0 g (0.1%)\n * Carbs 13.9 g (4.6%)\n * Fiber 3.3 g (13.3%)\n * Sugars 7.4 g\n * Protein 1.2 g (2.3%)\n * Sodium 1.3 mg (0.1%)\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * Lemons\n * Limes\n * Oranges\n\n#### Equipment\n\n * Citrus zester\n * Vegetable peeler\n * Paring knife\n * Microplane\n * Cutting board\n\n### Instructions\n\n 1. Wash the fruit: Wash and thoroughly dry the fruit before zesting.\n\n 2. Using a citrus zester: Use moderate pressure to drag the sharp-edged side of the tool down the fruit. This tool produces long, thin, curly strips of zest that are ideal for garnishes.\n\n 3. Using a Microplane: Over a cutting board or plate, hold the Microplane in one hand, and use a downward motion and moderate pressure to drag the citrus against the blades of the Microplane. Turn the fruit as you go, removing just the colored portion of the skin. The zest will gather in the groove underneath the Microplane. This tool produces finely grated zest for mixing into batters and doughs.\n\n 4. Using a vegetable peeler: Using moderate pressure, so as not to remove any pith, drag the peeler down the citrus fruit, from top to bottom, or around the fruit. This makes large pieces of zest, perfect for infusing oils or sugar syrup. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a knife.\n\n 5. Using a paring knife: Be sure the knife you're using is sharp. Carefully cut into the skin and slide the knife around the fruit, between the zest and the pith. Like the peeler, a paring knife gives you large pieces of zest. For smaller pieces of zest, slice into thin strips or mince into pieces with a paring knife.\n\nKelli Foster\n\nFood Editor, Plan & Prep\n\nKelli is the Food Editor for Plan & Prep content for Kitchn. She's a graduate\nof the French Culinary Institute and author of the cookbooks, The Probiotic\nKitchen, Buddha Bowls, and Everyday Freekeh Meals. She lives in New York.\n\nFollow Kelli\n\nSaveCommentsJump to Recipe\n\nFollow us\n\nKitchn is a part of the AT Media family. AT Media is Apartment Therapy,\nKitchn, and Cubby.\n\nGot a tip, kitchen tour, or other story our readers should see? Tell us about\nit!\n\nKitchn is © 1994-2021 Apartment Therapy, LLC\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201026032334/https://bakingbites.com/2017/01/how-much-zest-does-citrus-lemon-yield/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield?",
"passages": [
"Citrus zest is a fantastic way to get a lot of flavor into a recipe. The zest is the colorful skin of citrus fruit and it is packed with flavorful essential oils. Recipes that use zest can be anything from pies to muffins to savory dishes. Most of those recipes call for a specific quantity of zest, but don’t specify how much fruit you need to produce the required amount. In the picture above, you can see a variety of citrus fruit arranged by size, from a lime to a pomelo. The exact amount of fruit you need for any given amount of zest will still vary, but these guidelines should help give you a general idea of how much fruit you need to pick up to make any particular recipe.",
"1 Buddha’s Hand = 1 tbsp zest (but you may need to be creative about zesting, due to the shape)",
"Once your citrus fruit has been zested, it will start to dry out. To keep the juice fresh, wrap the zested citrus in plastic wrap or tuck it into a ziploc bag. You can keep the citrus at room temperature for a day or so, but might want to transfer it to the fridge if you plan to keep it longer than that. Fortunately, many recipes will use both the juice and the zest, so you won’t always have leftover citrus to use up after zesting."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield? - Baking Bites\n\nBaking Bites\n\n * Recipes\n\n * Cookies\n\n * Cookies – Bar Cookies and Brownies\n * Cakes\n\n * Cakes – Cheesecake\n * Cakes – Cupcakes\n * Cakes – Frosting\n * Breakfasts\n\n * Breads – Quick Breads\n * Coffee Cake\n * Muffins\n * Breads – Yeast Breads\n * Candies\n * Crisps and Other Fruit Desserts\n\n * Dessert Sauces\n * Drinks\n * Frozen Desserts\n * Pastries\n\n * Pies\n\n * Pie and Tart Crusts\n * Puddings, Custards and Mousses\n * Savory Dishes\n\n * Savory Sides & Snacks\n * Baking How-To’s & Tips\n\n * How to Start A Food Blog\n * Tools & Gadgets\n\n * Cookbooks\n * Product Reviews\n * Ingredients\n\n * Food Reviews\n * BfoB\n\nHow-To's and Tips\n\n# How Much Zest Does Citrus Fruit Yield?\n\nPosted on January 31, 2017\n\nCitrus zest is a fantastic way to get a lot of flavor into a recipe. The zest\nis the colorful skin of citrus fruit and it is packed with flavorful essential\noils. Recipes that use zest can be anything from pies to muffins to savory\ndishes. Most of those recipes call for a specific quantity of zest, but don’t\nspecify how much fruit you need to produce the required amount. In the picture\nabove, you can see a variety of citrus fruit arranged by size, from a lime to\na pomelo. The exact amount of fruit you need for any given amount of zest will\nstill vary, but these guidelines should help give you a general idea of how\nmuch fruit you need to pick up to make any particular recipe.\n\n * 1 Key Lime = 1 tsp zest\n * 1 Lime (Persian Lime) = 1 – 2 tsp zest\n * 1 Meyer Lemon = 2 tsp zest\n * 1 Lemon (Eureka Lemon) = 1 tbsp zest\n * 1 Tangerine = 2-3 tsp zest\n * 1 Orange (any variety) = 1 – 1 1/2 tbsp zest\n * 1 Grapefruit = 1 1/2 – 2 tbsp zest\n * 1 Buddha’s Hand = 1 tbsp zest (but you may need to be creative about zesting, due to the shape)\n * 1 Pomelo – 2 tbsp zest\n\nCan the fruit be preserved after zesting?\n\nOnce your citrus fruit has been zested, it will start to dry out. To keep the\njuice fresh, wrap the zested citrus in plastic wrap or tuck it into a ziploc\nbag. You can keep the citrus at room temperature for a day or so, but might\nwant to transfer it to the fridge if you plan to keep it longer than that.\nFortunately, many recipes will use both the juice and the zest, so you won’t\nalways have leftover citrus to use up after zesting.\n\nShare this article\n\n1\n\n * previously\n\n##### Biscuit Head: New Southern Biscuits, Breakfasts, and Brunch\n\n * up next\n\n##### Sour Cream Blueberry Coffee Cake with Brown Sugar Streusel\n\n##### You Might Also Like\n\n###### What is a crumb coat?\n\nPosted on August 11, 2009March 31, 2014\n\n###### How to Soften Butter for a Recipe\n\nPosted on May 30, 2018\n\n###### How to Make Basic Vanilla Pastry Cream\n\nPosted on August 29, 2017\n\nNo Comments Yet.\n\n### What do you think? Cancel reply\n\n#### Keep In Touch\n\n#### Pumpkin Patch Cupcakes\n\n#### Coconut Streusel Coffee Cake\n\n#### Strawberry Hand Pies\n\n#### Homemade Chocolate Chip Cookie Dough Ice Cream Sandwiches\n\nMY LATEST COOKBOOK IS NOW AVAILABLE\n\nYOU CAN ALSO FIND ME HERE\n\nInstagram did not return a 200.\n\nCopyrights © 2017 Baking Bites &trade. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180303034601/http://www.taste.com.au:80/quick-easy/articles/how-to-remove-orange-zest/cxOg8rHY",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to remove orange zest",
"passages": [
"Sometimes beauty is only skin deep - the zest of one orange can add pizazz to everything from cakes to cocktails.",
"Carefully slide the paring knife between the rind and the pith to separate. Discard pith. (It’s best to remove the pith as it can taste quite bitter.)",
"Alternatively, run a citrus zester down the length of the orange, removing the rind in long, thin strips. (Citrus zesters are available from specialty kitchen stores.)",
"Orange zest can be frozen for up to six months. Seal in a plastic bag and store in the freezer.",
"You should be able to obtain three to four teaspoons of grated zest from one medium-sized orange (slightly more if the zest is cut into thin strips).",
"Orange zest not only adds flavour to dishes, it also makes a pretty decoration. Candied zest (which has been boiled in sugar syrup, then spread out to dry) is great sprinkled over cakes and muffins, while fresh zest looks nice floating in a fruit punch or cocktail.",
"Orange peel and pith are rich sources of pectin (a soluble fibre that scientists believe helps lower cholesterol) and flavonoids (potent anti-oxidants). Pectin is also what makes jam jell. This is why orange marmalade sets so well and a thickening agent may need to be added to preserves made from other fruits.",
"We collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this site and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on our network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural Advertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices, including how to opt-out here."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to remove orange zest\n\nPartnered with\n\n# How to remove orange zest\n\nImage credit: Chris Court\n\nSometimes beauty is only skin deep - the zest of one orange can add pizazz to\neverything from cakes to cocktails.\n\n## Step 1:\n\nUsing a vegetable peeler or a small sharp paring knife, remove the rind and\nwhite pith from the orange.\n\n## Step 2:\n\nCarefully slide the paring knife between the rind and the pith to separate.\nDiscard pith. (It’s best to remove the pith as it can taste quite bitter.)\n\n## Step 3:\n\nSlice the rind into long, thin strips and use as desired.\n\n## Step 4:\n\nAlternatively, run a citrus zester down the length of the orange, removing the\nrind in long, thin strips. (Citrus zesters are available from specialty\nkitchen stores.)\n\n## Juicy citrus facts & tips\n\n * Orange zest can be frozen for up to six months. Seal in a plastic bag and store in the freezer.\n * You should be able to obtain three to four teaspoons of grated zest from one medium-sized orange (slightly more if the zest is cut into thin strips).\n * Orange zest not only adds flavour to dishes, it also makes a pretty decoration. Candied zest (which has been boiled in sugar syrup, then spread out to dry) is great sprinkled over cakes and muffins, while fresh zest looks nice floating in a fruit punch or cocktail.\n * Orange peel is also used to make fragrances and liqueurs (such as Cointreau).\n * One orange will supply you with enough vitamin C to last two-and-a-half days.\n * Orange peel and pith are rich sources of pectin (a soluble fibre that scientists believe helps lower cholesterol) and flavonoids (potent anti-oxidants). Pectin is also what makes jam jell. This is why orange marmalade sets so well and a thickening agent may need to be added to preserves made from other fruits.\n\n * Image credit: Chris Court\n * Publication: Taste.com.au\n\n### Shop this week's catalogue now\n\nA note about relevant advertising\n\nWe collect information about the content (including ads) you use across this\nsite and use it to make both advertising and content more relevant to you on\nour network and other sites. This is also known as Online Behavioural\nAdvertising. You can find out more about our policy and your choices,\nincluding how to opt-out here.\n\nCopyright 2018 NewsLifeMedia all rights reserved\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Relevant Ads Opt-Out\n * Cookie Policy\n * About us\n * Advertise\n * Legal Notices\n * Contact us\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171202131832/http://www.slate.com/articles/life/food/2013/12/how_to_zest_citrus_with_a_microplane_grater_video.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to zest citrus with a microplane grater (VIDEO).",
"passages": [
"Citrus zest shows up in recipes more often than usual this time of year. Gingerbread, fruitcake, stollen, and various other holiday treats usually call for a little grated lemon or orange peel to add a subtle citrus flavor.",
"But you can’t just go at it like you’re grating a hunk of cheddar. You have to keep a few things in mind to maximize the flavor of your citrus zest and prevent bitterness. Slate’s food and drink editor shows you how."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to zest citrus with a microplane grater (VIDEO).\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\n\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\nSlate\n\nFood\n\nWhat to eat. What not to eat.\n\nDec. 16 2013 10:53 AM\n\n# How to Zest an Orange. Or a Lemon. Or a Lime.\n\n## It’s not like grating cheese.\n\nBy L.V. Anderson, Krishnan Vasudevan, and Chris Wade\n\nZest an orange wrong, and your cranberry bread may end up too bitter.\n\nJuliana Jiménez Jaramillo for Slate\n\nCitrus zest shows up in recipes more often than usual this time of year.\nGingerbread, fruitcake, stollen, and various other holiday treats usually call\nfor a little grated lemon or orange peel to add a subtle citrus flavor.\n\nBut you can’t just go at it like you’re grating a hunk of cheddar. You have to\nkeep a few things in mind to maximize the flavor of your citrus zest and\nprevent bitterness. Slate’s food and drink editor shows you how.\n\nFor one of the best ways to employ orange zest, check out Slate’s recipe for\ncranberry bread.\n\nL.V. Anderson is a former Slate associate editor.\n\nKrishnan Vasudevan is a regular video contributor to Slate. Follow him on\nTwitter.\n\nChris Wade is a New York-based video and audio producer and an occasional\ncontributor to Brow Beat.\n\nPowered by Livefyre\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\nFOLLOW SLATE\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n\nSLATE ON\n\n * IPHONE\n * ANDROID\n * KINDLE\n\n * Reprints\n * Advertise with us\n\n * ABOUT US\n * CONTACT US\n * WORK WITH US\n * USER AGREEMENT\n * PRIVACY POLICY\n * FAQ\n\n * FEEDBACK\n * CORRECTIONS\n\nSlate Group Panoply\n\nSlate is published by The Slate Group, a Graham Holdings Company. All contents\n© 2017 The Slate Group LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nSlate\n\nSlate\n\nSign In Sign Up\n\n"
}
] |
1,582,364 | How To Have Fun With a Broken Arm | To have fun with a broken arm, try entertaining yourself by binging TV shows, reading, or taking an online course. Depending on which arm is broken you can also color, paint, and even write about your experience! When hanging out with friends, don’t worry about your cast limiting you. Though you probably won’t be able to do something like pick-up basketball, you can still play board games like Settlers of Catan or Life or watch a movie at home. If your friends want to go someplace else to hang out, consider going to a play or musical, or maybe visiting a museum, aquarium, or library. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170630074304/http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171104214114/http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201101020619/https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160505070648/http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150912001919/http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180131203819/https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160721111702/http://www.todaysparent.com:80/blogs/run-at-home-mom/my-sons-first-broken-bone/"
] | train | 1,453 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170630074304/http://www.premierortho.com/orthopaedic-tips/tips-keeping-kids-broken-bones-casts-busy/",
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"title": "Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy",
"passages": [
"As a parent, it can be especially difficult to keep children entertained when they are in a cast and healing from a broken bone. After dealing with the initial pain that goes along with a broken bone, children typically bounce back quickly and want to resume their normal routines. Unfortunately, sometimes having to wear a cast can make that very challenging. It could be difficult for your child to stay entertained when one of their limbs is restrained by a cast. However, a broken bone doesn’t mean that your child can’t still participate in activities they enjoy.",
"Of course movies and shows are great for the first few days of healing, but you don’t want your child’s eyes glued to the television the whole time they’re recovering. If you’re struggling to keep your child entertained while they’re restricted by a cast, check out some of the following tips to help them stay busy.",
"First and foremost, it’s crucial to talk with your doctor about the specific limitations you need to observe and what activities are safe for your child while they are wearing a cast. The last thing you want is to allow your child to be involved in an activity that could make their injury worse and cause more pain. In general, it’s best to stay away from contact sports where your child could collide with another player. Other activities that should be avoided include running, biking, roller skating, and skateboarding due to the risk of falling and reinjury.",
"If your child is still able to use their legs, walking or hiking is a great activity that will get your child out of the house for some fresh air and to be immersed in nature. This will allow your child to get some fresh air and do something exciting after being cooped up in the house for too long. Check out a new park, hiking trail, or nature center to make the outing extra special.",
"Museums are educational and often have fun exhibits that you and your child can explore together. Whether it’s a museum of art or science, you’re bound to have hours of fun and learn a little something along the way. As an added bonus, museums are typically wheelchair accessible in the even that your child broke their leg.",
"Yoga is an activity based on smooth movements and stretches and doesn’t require jarring activity that could potentially cause a reinjury. Find yoga poses that don’t involve your child’s injured limb and act as a yoga teacher to help them perform these exercises. This is a great way for your child to relax, unwind, and strengthen muscles in other parts of the body.",
"Use these tips to help keep your child engaged during a long recovery period. After the pain from the initial injury subsides, your child will be thrilled to incorporate some of these fun activities into their recovery period.",
"If your child has experienced an injury and you’re in need of an experienced physician, click here to set up a consultation with a doctor from Premier Orthopaedics. The physicians at Premier Orthopaedics are dedicated to providing comprehensive health care to relieve pain and returning patients to their daily lives.",
"For more information on what you can do to prevent fractures and fracture treatment methods, click here to download our eBook, Understanding Fracture Care: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment.",
"Premier Orthopaedics is the largest orthopaedic group in Delaware and Chester counties. Premier provides patients with the full spectrum of orthopaedic services; including bone, muscle and joint care. Patients trust our specialists for their experience, expertise and commitment to exceptional patient care."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy - Premier Orthopaedics\n\n * Make Appointment\n * Physicians\n\n * Physicians\n * Specialties\n\n * Complex Fracture Care\n * Concussion\n * Foot & Ankle\n * Hand & Wrist\n * Hip\n * Interventional Pain Management\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Regenerative Medicine\n * Rheumatology\n * Shoulder & Elbow\n * Spine\n * Sports Medicine\n * Locations\n * Patient Resources\n\n * Patient Resources\n * Educational Guides\n * Educational Videos\n * Blog\n * Patient Forms\n * Insurances Accepted\n * Patient Surveys\n * Patient Testimonials\n * Provider Numbers\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Services\n * Patient Portal\n * Contact Us\n * News\n * Events\n\nSearch\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Services\n * Patient Portal\n * Contact Us\n * News\n * Events\n\nAppointments within 24 hours CALL 1.855.ORTHO24 or click here\n\nPremier Orthopaedics\n\n * Physicians\n * Specialties\n\n * Complex Fracture Care\n * Concussion\n * Foot & Ankle\n * Hand & Wrist\n * Hip\n * Interventional Pain Management\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Regenerative Medicine\n * Rheumatology\n * Shoulder & Elbow\n * Spine\n * Sports Medicine\n * Locations\n * Patient Resources\n\n * Patient Resources\n * Educational Guides\n * Educational Videos\n * Blog\n * Patient Forms\n * Insurances Accepted\n * Patient Surveys\n * Patient Testimonials\n * Provider Numbers\n\n# Blog\n\nHome\n\n> Blog\n\n> Orthopaedic Tips\n\n> Tips for Keeping Kids with...\n\n> Premier’s major players knew and respected each other. This sense of\n> community reduced my anxiety and facilitated my recovery.\n\n~ DANIEL LOOSE, West Chester PA\n\n### Recent Posts\n\n * Best Places to Go For a Hike in Chester County\n * Best Foods To Eat Before and After a Workout\n * Concussions in sports: Rest vs Active Recovery\n * Local Kid-Friendly Activities in Delco and Chester Counties\n * Running Sneakers – Do They Matter?\n\n### Categories\n\n * Arm Pain\n * Arthritis\n * Asthma\n * Back Pain\n * Back Strains\n * Back Surgery\n * Bone Care\n * Clavicle Pain\n * Concussions\n * Fitness Tips\n * Foot and Ankle Surgery\n * Foot and Ankle Tips\n * Foot Disorders\n * Fracture Care\n * Hand and Wrist Surgeries\n * Health Tips\n * Healthy Eating\n * Hip Pain\n * Hip Surgery\n * Joint Pain\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee Injury\n * Local\n * Neck pain\n * News\n * Orthopaedic News\n * Orthopaedic Tips\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Pediatric\n * Physical Therapy\n * Protecting your Wrist\n * Shoulder Injury\n * Shoulder Surgery\n * Spine Conditions\n * Spine Injury\n * Sports Injuries\n * Sports Medicine\n * Sprains and Strains\n * Tendonitis\n * Training Tips\n * Uncategorized\n * Wrist Pain\n\n### Archive\n\n * 2017\n\n * June 2017\n * May 2017\n * April 2017\n * March 2017\n * February 2017\n * January 2017\n * 2016\n\n * December 2016\n * November 2016\n * October 2016\n * September 2016\n * August 2016\n * July 2016\n * June 2016\n * May 2016\n * April 2016\n * March 2016\n * February 2016\n * January 2016\n * 2015\n\n * December 2015\n * November 2015\n * October 2015\n * September 2015\n * August 2015\n * July 2015\n * June 2015\n * May 2015\n * April 2015\n * March 2015\n * February 2015\n * January 2015\n * 2014\n\n * December 2014\n * November 2014\n * October 2014\n * September 2014\n * August 2014\n * July 2014\n * June 2014\n * May 2014\n * March 2014\n\nOctober 15, 2015\n\nPosted by: Premier Orthopaedics\n\n# Tips for Keeping Kids with Broken Bones and Casts Busy\n\nCategory: Orthopaedic Tips, Pediatric\n\nAs a parent, it can be especially difficult to keep children entertained when\nthey are in a cast and healing from a broken bone. After dealing with the\ninitial pain that goes along with a broken bone, children typically bounce\nback quickly and want to resume their normal routines. Unfortunately,\nsometimes having to wear a cast can make that very challenging. It could be\ndifficult for your child to stay entertained when one of their limbs is\nrestrained by a cast. However, a broken bone doesn’t mean that your child\ncan’t still participate in activities they enjoy.\n\nOf course movies and shows are great for the first few days of healing, but\nyou don’t want your child’s eyes glued to the television the whole time\nthey’re recovering. If you’re struggling to keep your child entertained while\nthey’re restricted by a cast, check out some of the following tips to help\nthem stay busy.\n\n### Talk to Your Doctor\n\nFirst and foremost, it’s crucial to talk with your doctor about the specific\nlimitations you need to observe and what activities are safe for your child\nwhile they are wearing a cast. The last thing you want is to allow your child\nto be involved in an activity that could make their injury worse and cause\nmore pain. In general, it’s best to stay away from contact sports where your\nchild could collide with another player. Other activities that should be\navoided include running, biking, roller skating, and skateboarding due to the\nrisk of falling and reinjury.\n\n### Walking or Hiking\n\nIf your child is still able to use their legs, walking or hiking is a great\nactivity that will get your child out of the house for some fresh air and to\nbe immersed in nature. This will allow your child to get some fresh air and do\nsomething exciting after being cooped up in the house for too long. Check out\na new park, hiking trail, or nature center to make the outing extra special.\n\n### Museums\n\nMuseums are educational and often have fun exhibits that you and your child\ncan explore together. Whether it’s a museum of art or science, you’re bound to\nhave hours of fun and learn a little something along the way. As an added\nbonus, museums are typically wheelchair accessible in the even that your child\nbroke their leg.\n\n### Yoga\n\nYoga is an activity based on smooth movements and stretches and doesn’t\nrequire jarring activity that could potentially cause a reinjury. Find yoga\nposes that don’t involve your child’s injured limb and act as a yoga teacher\nto help them perform these exercises. This is a great way for your child to\nrelax, unwind, and strengthen muscles in other parts of the body.\n\nUse these tips to help keep your child engaged during a long recovery period.\nAfter the pain from the initial injury subsides, your child will be thrilled\nto incorporate some of these fun activities into their recovery period.\n\nIf your child has experienced an injury and you’re in need of an experienced\nphysician, click here to set up a consultation with a doctor from Premier\nOrthopaedics. The physicians at Premier Orthopaedics are dedicated to\nproviding comprehensive health care to relieve pain and returning patients to\ntheir daily lives.\n\nFor more information on what you can do to prevent fractures and fracture\ntreatment methods, click here to download our eBook, Understanding Fracture\nCare: Causes, Diagnosis and Treatment.\n\n#### ABOUT PREMIER ORTHOPAEDICS\n\nPremier Orthopaedics is the largest orthopaedic group in Delaware and Chester\ncounties. Premier provides patients with the full spectrum of orthopaedic\nservices; including bone, muscle and joint care. Patients trust our\nspecialists for their experience, expertise and commitment to exceptional\npatient care.\n\n * twitter\n * facebook\n * linkedin\n * RSS\n\n### Register for updates\n\n### Latest Posts\n\n * ### Best Places to Go For a Hike in Chester County\n\nJune 15, 2017\n\n * ### Best Foods To Eat Before and After a Workout\n\nMay 2, 2017\n\n * Physicians\n\n * Concussion\n * Complex Fracture Care\n * Foot & Ankle\n * Hand & Wrist\n * Hip\n * Joint Replacement\n * Knee\n * Non-Operative Rehabilitation\n * Osteoporosis Care\n * Regenerative Medicine\n * Interventional Pain Management\n * Rheumatology\n * Shoulder & Elbow\n * Spine\n * Sports Medicine\n\n * Services\n\n * EMG\n * MRI\n * Physical Therapy\n * Urgent Care\n\n * Patient Resources\n\n * Educational Guides\n * Insurances Accepted\n * Patient Surveys\n * Patient Testimonials\n * Provider Numbers\n\n * Locations\n\n * Physicians\n * Physical Therapy\n * MRI\n * Urgent Care\n\n * Popular e-books\n\n * Choosing an Orthopaedic Surgeon\n * Total Hip Replacement Surgery\n * Knee Replacement Surgery\n * Spine & Back Surgery\n * Shoulder Surgery\n * Sports & Spine Injuries\n * Hand & Wrist Pain\n * Concussion Management\n * Understanding Fracture Care\n\nPremier Orthopaedics\n\n * News\n * Events\n * FAQS\n * Site map\n * Privacy policy\n * OrthoShops\n * Apparel Store\n\n© 2016 Premier Orthopaedics |\n\nAppointments within 24 hours CALL 1.855.ORTHO.24\n\nX\n\n### GET YOUR E-BOOK\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171104214114/http://www.wardrobeoxygen.com:80/2014/03/one-armed-beauty-hair-and-makeup-when-wearing-a-cast.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast",
"passages": [
"I must say, navigating life without my dominant arm has been an adventure! They say that mastering your non-dominant hand benefits your brain. It’s fun when I notice my left hand and arm getting stronger (carrying a stack of plates from the dining table), more flexible (I can now scrub, shave and deodorize my left pit, yeah baby!), and more skilled (change the sheets on Em’s bed and empty the dishwasher without breaking anything). And I’m learning ways to accomplish everyday tasks we take for granted.",
"Doing my face and making my hair not look like a rat’s nest is nice when a neighbor stops by unexpectedly to check on me, but it also does a lot of good for my morale and outlook on the day. Learning how to work with my non- dominant hand is like learning from scratch. I thought my tips may help to those who are beauty novices as well as those who may be learning how to work with a non-dominant hand.",
"Hair Once I got off the painkillers and felt good enough to leave the house for a bit, I made a hair appointment. I asked for lowlights instead of a single process to add depth to my wavy hair and cover gray without visible roots. I told her how I can spray product on my head, but lotions, creams, and hair dryers aren’t happening for a long while. She cut it to let the bangs grow out gracefully and cut long layers that would wave and curl in a beachy way when washed and air dried.",
"I ordered one of those waterproof cast covers that looks like a giant blue condom, but the largest size was so tight on my upper arm that it worked like a tourniquet making my fingers tingle in just a minute. So I am resigned to baths with my well-wrapped arm sticking out of the tub. I squeeze shampoo directly onto my scalp and scrub it in, and then I slide down to rinse out as much as possible, Karl making sure I don’t slip or miss washing out any product. Conditioner, I squeeze onto the edge of the tub, then scoop it into my hair so I can bypass the scalp and focus on the ends.",
"When I get out, I put a towel on the bed and bend my head onto it and blot dry. To keep my hair more on the ringlet size and less on the Kip Winger side, I invested in a DevaCurl towel. It’s small enough to use one-handed; I scrunch blot, apply product, then sometimes scrunch blot again if any spot is too drenched. The biggest issue is my bangs; they sometimes curl nicely into my hair, but more often than not they part in the middle and curl up like horns. So I sometimes have Karl point the hairdryer at my roots and I brush my bangs back and forth in a window washer style with a paddle brush (thanks Ted Gibson for the bangs tip!), or use a curling iron and carefully curl them into my hair (random grabs actually work for the bangs, looks more natural).",
"As for styling products, I have a shelf of spray-bottle products now. Liking Nick Chavez Amazon Infinity Mist for waves, TIGI Bed Head Foxy Curls for ringlets, and once dry, TIGI Bed Head spray shine. For second day, I’ll use Batiste dry shampoo in deep brown which gives body, reduces shine, blends without a ton of rubbing, and provides some control to keep bangs merged with the rest of my hair.",
"Makeup I’ve put my tube of Miracle Skin Transformer in my medicine cabinet so it’s easy to have a minimum of nice skin each day. It has replaced my traditional moisturizer, going over treatment and serum. I know it may be contaminating the tube, but I squeeze the product directly on my face then blend with my fingers.",
"If I know I am going somewhere or wake energized, I put on actual foundation and concealer. My foundation (Revlon ColorStay Whipped) is in a jar, so it’s easier to apply. When I started, I would dip my Beauty Blender right in the jar and blend onto the skin. Now I feel confident applying with fingers then using the Beauty Blender to blend around the nose and jawline. Concealer goes over the foundation, using Laura Mercier Secret Camouflage, which is dry enough to not be a smeary mess. I pat it into places with my finger, then go back and blend so it has time to dry a bit. This helps because I don’t have as light or precise of a touch and letting it dry a bit keeps me from rubbing it all off.",
"Next is brows; I’ve found the easiest and most natural is tarte Amazonian Clay Brow Mousse which is sort of a cream, sort of a wax and comes with its own brush. Not nearly as precise as I like but at least my brows are filled in. Better to be too gentle than too hard of a hand; if need be I can go back and tap the brush where there’s pale spots.",
"Blush is my best friend these days, it really makes me look finished and healthy. I’ve returned to an old favorite, NARS Orgasm, which gives me a healthy glow and doesn’t make me look like a clown if I am too heavy handed. With less other makeup the shimmer in this blush looks more glowy than disco. I switched to my bareMinerals Flawless Application Face Brush, which is fluffier with longer bristles than my blush brush. A traditional blush or powder brush made obvious streaks if I had too heavy of a hand; this brush gives more of a wash of color.",
"For eyes, I was curling my lashes until I had quite the mishap. Now I’m just using CoverGirl Clump Crusher Mascara which has a tube that can stand up on its own and doesn’t bend when I open it with my teeth (hello metal capped mascara). The formula is water resistant and a bit dry, so I don’t end up with raccoon eyes from shaky application or tears. I sometimes apply shadow, but just one of the nudes from my Urban Decay Naked Basics 1 palette, also applied with a fluffy brush so there’s no strong lines. As I have gotten more skilled with my left hand, I sometimes add a brown shadow in the crease for dimension. I’ve always felt confident with liquid liner, and when I’m feeling really good I’ll do a thin line with Maybelline Line Stiletto right along the lash line, from middle of lid to outer corner; otherwise I put a dampened slant brush in black or black-brown shadow and tap along the lash line which hides the missing lashes.",
"As for lips, my daily go-to is Revlon Balm Stain; my two faves are Romantic and Adore. When I go out I sometimes wear Revlon Matte lipstick in Really Red which stays nicely, is elegant, and with my glasses makes me look finished.",
"Finishing touch is e.l.f. Studio Makeup Mist & Set which helps everything stay in place without looking dry. Not too done, and more refined than a bare face!",
"Since 2005, Wardrobe Oxygen has helped women realize their beauty and personal style and express it through their wardrobe. With years of experience as an apparel visual merchandiser and stylist, Alison Gary provides advice on how to achieve personal style no matter your age, size, or budget.",
"Wardrobe Oxygen is a professional blog and makes money through collaborations with brands. When brands pay to be featured on this site, a post will have [Sponsored] in the title and within the copy the relationship will be explained. When a brand provides gifted merchandise, the item will be listed as c/o (courtesy of) and/or in the copy the relationship will be explained. Wardrobe Oxygen uses affiliate links. This means that clicking on and purchasing through a link may earn me a small commission. When a brand pays to have their product or sponsored post featured on social media, the hashtag #ad will be placed in the copy.",
"I pride myself on honesty and transparency and only partner with brands that I like, use, and find a smart fit for Wardrobe Oxygen. I’ve created a series of posts about the business of blogging to better explain how these partnerships work. If you have any questions about this, do not hesitate to contact me."
]
},
"parsed_md": "One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast - Wardrobe Oxygen\n\nNavigation\n\n * About\n\n * Contact\n * Work With Me\n * Fashion\n\n * Outfit Posts\n\n * Spring\n * Summer\n * Fall Fashion\n * Winter\n * Fashion Advice\n * Fashion Advice\n\n * Corporate Fashion\n * Plus Size Fashion\n * Beauty\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Blogging\n * Travel\n * Entertainment\n * Music\n * Subscribe\n\n * Style File Newsletter\n * Email\n * Feedly\n * Bloglovin’\n\nMarch 31, 2014\n\n# One-armed Beauty: Hair and Makeup When Wearing a Cast\n\nBeauty\n\nI must say, navigating life without my dominant arm has been an adventure!\nThey say that mastering your non-dominant hand benefits your brain. It’s fun\nwhen I notice my left hand and arm getting stronger (carrying a stack of\nplates from the dining table), more flexible (I can now scrub, shave and\ndeodorize my left pit, yeah baby!), and more skilled (change the sheets on\nEm’s bed and empty the dishwasher without breaking anything). And I’m learning\nways to accomplish everyday tasks we take for granted.\n\nLike makeup. And hair. And bathing.\n\nDoing my face and making my hair not look like a rat’s nest is nice when a\nneighbor stops by unexpectedly to check on me, but it also does a lot of good\nfor my morale and outlook on the day. Learning how to work with my non-\ndominant hand is like learning from scratch. I thought my tips may help to\nthose who are beauty novices as well as those who may be learning how to work\nwith a non-dominant hand.\n\nHair Once I got off the painkillers and felt good enough to leave the house\nfor a bit, I made a hair appointment. I asked for lowlights instead of a\nsingle process to add depth to my wavy hair and cover gray without visible\nroots. I told her how I can spray product on my head, but lotions, creams, and\nhair dryers aren’t happening for a long while. She cut it to let the bangs\ngrow out gracefully and cut long layers that would wave and curl in a beachy\nway when washed and air dried.\n\nI ordered one of those waterproof cast covers that looks like a giant blue\ncondom, but the largest size was so tight on my upper arm that it worked like\na tourniquet making my fingers tingle in just a minute. So I am resigned to\nbaths with my well-wrapped arm sticking out of the tub. I squeeze shampoo\ndirectly onto my scalp and scrub it in, and then I slide down to rinse out as\nmuch as possible, Karl making sure I don’t slip or miss washing out any\nproduct. Conditioner, I squeeze onto the edge of the tub, then scoop it into\nmy hair so I can bypass the scalp and focus on the ends.\n\nWhen I get out, I put a towel on the bed and bend my head onto it and blot\ndry. To keep my hair more on the ringlet size and less on the Kip Winger side,\nI invested in a DevaCurl towel. It’s small enough to use one-handed; I scrunch\nblot, apply product, then sometimes scrunch blot again if any spot is too\ndrenched. The biggest issue is my bangs; they sometimes curl nicely into my\nhair, but more often than not they part in the middle and curl up like horns.\nSo I sometimes have Karl point the hairdryer at my roots and I brush my bangs\nback and forth in a window washer style with a paddle brush (thanks Ted Gibson\nfor the bangs tip!), or use a curling iron and carefully curl them into my\nhair (random grabs actually work for the bangs, looks more natural).\n\nAs for styling products, I have a shelf of spray-bottle products now. Liking\nNick Chavez Amazon Infinity Mist for waves, TIGI Bed Head Foxy Curls for\nringlets, and once dry, TIGI Bed Head spray shine. For second day, I’ll use\nBatiste dry shampoo in deep brown which gives body, reduces shine, blends\nwithout a ton of rubbing, and provides some control to keep bangs merged with\nthe rest of my hair.\n\nMakeup I’ve put my tube of Miracle Skin Transformer in my medicine cabinet so\nit’s easy to have a minimum of nice skin each day. It has replaced my\ntraditional moisturizer, going over treatment and serum. I know it may be\ncontaminating the tube, but I squeeze the product directly on my face then\nblend with my fingers.\n\nIf I know I am going somewhere or wake energized, I put on actual foundation\nand concealer. My foundation (Revlon ColorStay Whipped) is in a jar, so it’s\neasier to apply. When I started, I would dip my Beauty Blender right in the\njar and blend onto the skin. Now I feel confident applying with fingers then\nusing the Beauty Blender to blend around the nose and jawline. Concealer goes\nover the foundation, using Laura Mercier Secret Camouflage, which is dry\nenough to not be a smeary mess. I pat it into places with my finger, then go\nback and blend so it has time to dry a bit. This helps because I don’t have as\nlight or precise of a touch and letting it dry a bit keeps me from rubbing it\nall off.\n\nNext is brows; I’ve found the easiest and most natural is tarte Amazonian Clay\nBrow Mousse which is sort of a cream, sort of a wax and comes with its own\nbrush. Not nearly as precise as I like but at least my brows are filled in.\nBetter to be too gentle than too hard of a hand; if need be I can go back and\ntap the brush where there’s pale spots.\n\nBlush is my best friend these days, it really makes me look finished and\nhealthy. I’ve returned to an old favorite, NARS Orgasm, which gives me a\nhealthy glow and doesn’t make me look like a clown if I am too heavy handed.\nWith less other makeup the shimmer in this blush looks more glowy than disco.\nI switched to my bareMinerals Flawless Application Face Brush, which is\nfluffier with longer bristles than my blush brush. A traditional blush or\npowder brush made obvious streaks if I had too heavy of a hand; this brush\ngives more of a wash of color.\n\nFor eyes, I was curling my lashes until I had quite the mishap. Now I’m just\nusing CoverGirl Clump Crusher Mascara which has a tube that can stand up on\nits own and doesn’t bend when I open it with my teeth (hello metal capped\nmascara). The formula is water resistant and a bit dry, so I don’t end up with\nraccoon eyes from shaky application or tears. I sometimes apply shadow, but\njust one of the nudes from my Urban Decay Naked Basics 1 palette, also applied\nwith a fluffy brush so there’s no strong lines. As I have gotten more skilled\nwith my left hand, I sometimes add a brown shadow in the crease for dimension.\nI’ve always felt confident with liquid liner, and when I’m feeling really good\nI’ll do a thin line with Maybelline Line Stiletto right along the lash line,\nfrom middle of lid to outer corner; otherwise I put a dampened slant brush in\nblack or black-brown shadow and tap along the lash line which hides the\nmissing lashes.\n\nAs for lips, my daily go-to is Revlon Balm Stain; my two faves are Romantic\nand Adore. When I go out I sometimes wear Revlon Matte lipstick in Really Red\nwhich stays nicely, is elegant, and with my glasses makes me look finished.\n\nFinishing touch is e.l.f. Studio Makeup Mist & Set which helps everything stay\nin place without looking dry. Not too done, and more refined than a bare face!\n\nFollow Me | Twitter | Facebook | Instagram\n\nbroken armCastCoverz!\n\nWrite a comment\n\n### you may also like:\n\n * September 6, 2014 Feeling Free\n * February 21, 2014 From the Couch of Alison Gary\n * June 11, 2014 Long Time, No Blog!\n\n#### About Me\n\n#### WARDROBE OXYGEN\n\nSince 2005, Wardrobe Oxygen has helped women realize their beauty and personal\nstyle and express it through their wardrobe. With years of experience as an\napparel visual merchandiser and stylist, Alison Gary provides advice on how to\nachieve personal style no matter your age, size, or budget.\n\nRead More\n\n#### Instagram\n\n#### Popular Posts\n\n#### Nordstrom Fall Sale: The Best Shoes of the Sale\n\nNovember 4, 2017\n\n#### What I Wore: Full Beauty for Fall [Sponsored]\n\nNovember 3, 2017\n\n#### Quitting versus Giving Up\n\nNovember 2, 2017\n\n#### Disclosure\n\nWardrobe Oxygen is a professional blog and makes money through collaborations\nwith brands. When brands pay to be featured on this site, a post will have\n[Sponsored] in the title and within the copy the relationship will be\nexplained. When a brand provides gifted merchandise, the item will be listed\nas c/o (courtesy of) and/or in the copy the relationship will be explained.\nWardrobe Oxygen uses affiliate links. This means that clicking on and\npurchasing through a link may earn me a small commission. When a brand pays to\nhave their product or sponsored post featured on social media, the hashtag #ad\nwill be placed in the copy.\n\nI pride myself on honesty and transparency and only partner with brands that I\nlike, use, and find a smart fit for Wardrobe Oxygen. I’ve created a series of\nposts about the business of blogging to better explain how these partnerships\nwork. If you have any questions about this, do not hesitate to contact me.\n\n@wardrobe_oxygen\n\nCopyright © 2005 - 2017 Wardrobe Oxygen All rights reserved.\n\nBack to Top\n\nPowered by chloédigital\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201101020619/https://www.spine-health.com/blog/56-things-do-while-recovering-surgery",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery",
"passages": [
"Scheduled for surgery? With a little planning, you can make the most of your recovery period. Here is a list full of ideas compiled from Spine-health's social media community to help get you started.",
"Using these tips prior to your surgery can make your transition from the hospital to your home more seamless. Watch: How to Prep Your Home for Spine Surgery Recovery Video",
"This list was written specifically for people having back surgery, but many of these suggestions apply to most types of surgery.",
"Discover new music. Listening to music can be soothing. Explore hundreds of new tunes on the radio or from your favorite music service. Many music streaming services offer free trials.",
"Watch the movies that you've always wanted to see. Borrow some Blu-rays or DVDs from friends, or check some out from your local library. Don’t forget the classics—if you're on pain medications you may want to watch something that moves a little slower.",
"Get lost in a good novel. Check out the latest mystery, romance, thriller, or fantasy titles. You could also consider one of the classics, such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Grapes of Wrath, The Old Man and the Sea, The Great Gatsby, The Call of the Wild, or War and Peace. Grab a print version or consider an e-reader.",
"Learn some card tricks. Many are really quite simple, and YouTube has tons of instructional videos for learning beginner card tricks.",
"Play classic games with your visitors. Monopoly, Scrabble, Uno, and chess are a few good options. There are many online versions of classic games that you can play with friends even when they're not with you. You can also play with experts online and sharpen your skills.",
"Brush up on your chess strategy skill while you recover from surgery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery",
"Subscribe to a streaming service. Access TV shows, movies, documentaries, and more from your Internet-connected TV, tablet, or computer. Your local library may also have an option for a free streaming service. Find a list of the top-rated shows from rottentomatoes.com or other ratings sites to help you choose something to watch.",
"10. Make music. If approved by your surgeon, try playing an instrument that you enjoy. You could also ask a musical friend to play an instrument or help you to start learning.",
"Peruse YouTube's top 100 subscribed channels. Several great comedians have their best routines on YouTube, as well as singers and other entertainers.",
"Play video games. Various game consoles are available from Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony. You can also search for games to play on your computer, smartphone, or tablet.",
"Try Simon, a classic memory test game. It's not too difficult, so it’s good if the pain medications are affecting your concentration.",
"Read a joke book. It may help lighten your mood. You can also tell some of these new jokes to your visitors.",
"Indulge in the at-home spa treatment. Give yourself a manicure or a facial, or look through magazines to find a new hairstyle you'd like to try.",
"Order your favorite food. With the recent surge in food delivery services—such as GrubHub, UberEats, and DoorDash—it’s easier than ever to have your favorite restaurants deliver right to your door. Just remember to check with your doctor about which foods are appropriate during your recovery.",
"Open a Pinterest account and start pinning away. Pinterest allows you to create collections of your favorite ideas on different boards. Visit Spine-health’s boards while you’re at it.",
"Soak up the sun. Sit outside for a while each day to get some sunshine and fresh air. The sun’s rays can help promote vitamin D production—needed for bone health—and may also help release endorphins for a mood boost.^1",
"Get free therapy online. Make friends with other people who are in similar situations on Spine-health's Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. One member noted: \"...finding this site and spending time here was a great help during recuperation—both in regard to having something to do but also for learning and understanding about our surgeries and recovery, and also being able to help and assist others here—that's why I am still active here 7 months after surgery.\"",
"Keep a private journal. Some studies have found that regularly expressing your thoughts and emotions, such as in a daily journal, may help reduce stress and improve cognition.^2^,^3",
"Chronicle your recovery. Use a social media account or start a blog, such as at Wordpress.com. Share the parts of your recovery that you want others to know, and with each post your network of friends and family will be automatically notified.",
"Join a Facebook Group. Reading about and interacting online with others who are going through similar experiences can be beneficial. Many groups are available for people recovering from surgery, such as the Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. You can also recommend groups to a loved one who is trying to better understand what you’re going through.",
"Connect with an old friend. Try sending a card or letter via old fashioned mail to an old friend with whom you’ve lost touch. Or find your friend online and reconnect.",
"Learn to meditate. Meditation is great for reducing stress and producing an overall feeling of calm and well-being, all of which can help during recovery from surgery.",
"Enjoy a relaxing massage. Massage is a great way to relax and reduce stress. Ask your doctor about the type of massage that is suitable for you and the right time to get one.",
"Make a photo album. Take this time to put all those old pictures in an album, or to turn your digital prints into physical photos. Consider learning how to create a photo scrapbook or online photo album with all your digital prints using Shutterfly.com, Snapfish.com, or any other online photo service.",
"Become an expert on a specific subject. Watch documentaries, read books, and perform online research. Ancient Greece? Bird watching? History of golf? Research and learn all about the topics that interest you.",
"Set up a digital picture frame. Load your best pictures and videos onto a digital frame, such as a Nixplay or Aura, so that you can enjoy them day in and day out. Tell your loved ones to email pictures they take as well—they can auto-upload into the digital picture frame, keeping the images up to date and fresh.",
"Search Spine-health.com for articles relating to your condition. Read up on postoperative recovery related to your surgery. Start your search here",
"Make useful gifts the old-fashioned way. Knit or crochet a baby blanket for someone who's expecting a baby soon, needlepoint a gift, or make advance holiday gifts. Doing something with your hands while listening to music or an audiobook can be truly relaxing.",
"Plan out your home chores. Make a list for all those odd jobs that need to get done around the home.",
"Organize your home. Inventory all the stuff you want to get rid of around your home or garage. Donate it or sell it on eBay or Craigslist.",
"Create a Wikipedia page. Help build the online encyclopedia Wikipedia by editing or starting any topic where you have expertise.",
"Learning origami may help take your mind off of the more painful portions of back surgery recovery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery",
"Plan your meal prep for later. Create a list of recipes that are easy to prepare that you can make once you're up and around but still recovering. You can also keep track of them online with Pinterest.",
"Start learning a new language. Maybe you’ve always wanted to know another language, or perhaps you’re planning an international trip. Various software programs are available for learning languages. Many libraries carry the Rosetta Stone program, or you can download language apps to your phone or tablet.",
"Research health professionals. Look up the health professionals that you plan to consult once you are ready to get out and moving, such as massage therapists, physical therapists, or personal trainers. It’s also a good idea to call your insurance and check your coverage and the in-network practices.",
"Order personalized stationery. Personalized address stamps or stickers can be useful if you plan to send out annual cards. You can also design your own card and update your address list.",
"Write a short thank you (or love note). Express your feelings through written notes to the person who is caring for you and put it in the same place for them to find each day.",
"Help a local animal shelter’s pets find their forever homes. You can share pet photos and stories on your social media accounts, such as Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, or others.",
"Encourage others. Send an email or note of encouragement to someone you know who might also be going through a difficult time.",
"Take time to listen to your visitors. If you have friends and family visiting during your recovery, encourage them to talk about themselves and their lives. It will go a long way to help take your mind off the pain.",
"Teach someone about something you know. Whatever your expertise, there is someone you can help out by passing it on. If you have learned a lot from your health experience and surgery, share what you've learned with others in our Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook.",
"Consider donating to charity. You can research charitable causes online. Websites like GoFundMe let you give money to support someone in need.",
"Acknowledge the service of people in your community. Consider emailing thank you notes to anyone in a service role, such as your local police, your country's service personnel, or your children's teachers.",
"Volunteer from your home. See if you can volunteer for an organization that allows you to call and talk to people who are lonely, such as people in nursing homes or people confined to their house.",
"Plan future volunteer opportunities. Think about a cause you might want to volunteer for after you’ve recovered and have more energy. You can research volunteer opportunities near you at nationalservice.gov, justserve.org, and dosomething.org.",
"Try to walk regularly. Start with short walks, as tolerated, and gradually work up to longer walks as your recovery progresses. For encouragement, consider using a Fitbit or other wearable device that tracks your steps, or walk with a friend. Only walk on flat ground and clutter-flee floors to reduce the risk for a fall.",
"Go to a store. If you can't walk much yet, have someone drive you to Walmart or Target for items that you may need. You can ride one of the motorized scooters to get around the store.",
"Perform gentle exercises and stretches. While it is important to avoid any movements that your surgeon has prohibited—such as bending, lifting, or twisting after back surgery—some exercises and stretches may be helpful in your recovery.",
"Sign up for water therapy. Water exercise can be gentle on your back, as the water supports you while you exercise and prevents any jarring motion.",
"Consult with your surgeon and health care team before choosing a new activity while you recover from surgery. Also, many of these ideas require a laptop/tablet and Internet access. If you don't have a laptop/tablet, you can buy an inexpensive one or borrow one from a friend or family member. Wireless Internet is a good idea so you can access the Internet from your bed, a recliner, or wherever you're most comfortable.",
"1.Juzeniene A, Moan J. Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012; 4(2):109-17. doi: 10.4161/derm.20013",
"This site is for educational purposes only; no information is intended or implied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. The information is produced and reviewed by over 200 medical professionals with the goal of providing trusted, uniquely informative information for people with painful health conditions. Our forums do not include medical advice and are for emotional support only."
]
},
"parsed_md": "56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\n\nSkip to main content\n\nArthritis-health.com Sports-health.com\n\nConditions\n\nTreatment\n\nWellness\n\nVideos\n\n### Conditions\n\n * Arthritis\n * Chronic Pain\n * Degenerative Disc Disease\n * Herniated Disc\n * Lower Back Pain\n * Neck Pain\n * Osteoporosis\n * Sciatica\n * Spinal Stenosis\n * All Conditions\n\n### Treatment\n\n * Alternative Care\n * Artificial Disc Replacement\n * Back Surgery\n * Chiropractic\n * Injections\n * Pain Management\n * Pain Medication\n * Physical Therapy\n * Spinal Fusion\n * All Treatments\n\n### Wellness\n\n * Ergonomics\n * Exercise\n * Massage Therapy\n * Nutrition, Diet, and Weight Loss\n * Sleep\n * Stop Smoking\n * Yoga, Pilates, and Tai Chi\n * All Wellness\n\n### Videos\n\n * Degenerative Disc Disease Videos\n * Exercise Videos\n * Herniated Disc Videos\n * Injection Videos\n * Lower Back Pain Videos\n * Neck Pain Videos\n * Sciatica Videos\n * Spinal Stenosis Videos\n * Surgery Videos\n * All Videos\n\n### Quick Links\n\n * Blog\n * Find a Doctor or Spine Center\n * Videos\n * Education Centers (Sponsored)\n * Free Newsletters\n\n## You are here\n\n * Blog\n * 56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\n\n# 56 Things to Do While Recovering from Surgery\n\nshare pin it Newsletters\n\nBy David DeWitt, MD\n\nUpdated: 01/09/2020\n\nScheduled for surgery? With a little planning, you can make the most of your\nrecovery period. Here is a list full of ideas compiled from Spine-health's\nsocial media community to help get you started.\n\nSave\n\nUsing these tips prior to your surgery can make your transition from the\nhospital to your home more seamless. Watch: How to Prep Your Home for Spine\nSurgery Recovery Video\n\nThis list was written specifically for people having back surgery, but many of\nthese suggestions apply to most types of surgery.\n\n## You'll need some pure entertainment to pass the time.\n\n 1. Discover new music. Listening to music can be soothing. Explore hundreds of new tunes on the radio or from your favorite music service. Many music streaming services offer free trials.\n 2. Watch the movies that you've always wanted to see. Borrow some Blu-rays or DVDs from friends, or check some out from your local library. Don’t forget the classics—if you're on pain medications you may want to watch something that moves a little slower.\n 3. Get lost in a good novel. Check out the latest mystery, romance, thriller, or fantasy titles. You could also consider one of the classics, such as To Kill a Mockingbird, The Grapes of Wrath, The Old Man and the Sea, The Great Gatsby, The Call of the Wild, or War and Peace. Grab a print version or consider an e-reader.\n 4. Listen to audiobooks. Sometimes it's easier to listen to a book than to read.\n 5. Learn some card tricks. Many are really quite simple, and YouTube has tons of instructional videos for learning beginner card tricks.\n 6. Play classic games with your visitors. Monopoly, Scrabble, Uno, and chess are a few good options. There are many online versions of classic games that you can play with friends even when they're not with you. You can also play with experts online and sharpen your skills.\n\nSave\n\nBrush up on your chess strategy skill while you recover from surgery. See\nPractical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\n\n 7. Subscribe to a streaming service. Access TV shows, movies, documentaries, and more from your Internet-connected TV, tablet, or computer. Your local library may also have an option for a free streaming service. Find a list of the top-rated shows from rottentomatoes.com or other ratings sites to help you choose something to watch.\n 8. Solve crossword puzzles. Explore word puzzles or try a numbers version of crosswords like sudoku or kakuro.\n 9. Master a new puzzle type. Have you ever completed a Rubik’s cube? How about a peg-jumping puzzle?\n 10. 10\\. Make music. If approved by your surgeon, try playing an instrument that you enjoy. You could also ask a musical friend to play an instrument or help you to start learning.\n 11. Peruse YouTube's top 100 subscribed channels. Several great comedians have their best routines on YouTube, as well as singers and other entertainers.\n 12. Play video games. Various game consoles are available from Nintendo, Microsoft, and Sony. You can also search for games to play on your computer, smartphone, or tablet.\n 13. Try Simon, a classic memory test game. It's not too difficult, so it’s good if the pain medications are affecting your concentration.\n 14. Read a joke book. It may help lighten your mood. You can also tell some of these new jokes to your visitors.\n 15. Indulge in the at-home spa treatment. Give yourself a manicure or a facial, or look through magazines to find a new hairstyle you'd like to try.\n 16. Order your favorite food. With the recent surge in food delivery services—such as GrubHub, UberEats, and DoorDash—it’s easier than ever to have your favorite restaurants deliver right to your door. Just remember to check with your doctor about which foods are appropriate during your recovery.\n 17. Open a Pinterest account and start pinning away. Pinterest allows you to create collections of your favorite ideas on different boards. Visit Spine-health’s boards while you’re at it.\n\nadvertisement\n\n## You'll need emotional care and support.\n\n 18. Soak up the sun. Sit outside for a while each day to get some sunshine and fresh air. The sun’s rays can help promote vitamin D production—needed for bone health—and may also help release endorphins for a mood boost.^1\n 19. Get free therapy online. Make friends with other people who are in similar situations on Spine-health's Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. One member noted: \"...finding this site and spending time here was a great help during recuperation—both in regard to having something to do but also for learning and understanding about our surgeries and recovery, and also being able to help and assist others here—that's why I am still active here 7 months after surgery.\"\n 20. Keep a private journal. Some studies have found that regularly expressing your thoughts and emotions, such as in a daily journal, may help reduce stress and improve cognition.^2^,^3\n 21. Chronicle your recovery. Use a social media account or start a blog, such as at Wordpress.com. Share the parts of your recovery that you want others to know, and with each post your network of friends and family will be automatically notified.\n 22. Join a Facebook Group. Reading about and interacting online with others who are going through similar experiences can be beneficial. Many groups are available for people recovering from surgery, such as the Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook. You can also recommend groups to a loved one who is trying to better understand what you’re going through.\n 23. Connect with an old friend. Try sending a card or letter via old fashioned mail to an old friend with whom you’ve lost touch. Or find your friend online and reconnect.\n 24. Learn to meditate. Meditation is great for reducing stress and producing an overall feeling of calm and well-being, all of which can help during recovery from surgery.\n 25. Enjoy a relaxing massage. Massage is a great way to relax and reduce stress. Ask your doctor about the type of massage that is suitable for you and the right time to get one.\n\nSee Massage Therapy for Lower Back Pain\n\n 26. Visit Spine-health’s wellness sections. You can find more tips about massage, nutrition, exercise, and other ways to maintain wellness.\n\nRead more in our Wellness Health Center\n\n## Feeling productive and getting things done will help you along.\n\n 27. Make a photo album. Take this time to put all those old pictures in an album, or to turn your digital prints into physical photos. Consider learning how to create a photo scrapbook or online photo album with all your digital prints using Shutterfly.com, Snapfish.com, or any other online photo service.\n 28. Plan a future getaway. Research and plan ahead for your next vacation.\n 29. Become an expert on a specific subject. Watch documentaries, read books, and perform online research. Ancient Greece? Bird watching? History of golf? Research and learn all about the topics that interest you.\n 30. Set up a digital picture frame. Load your best pictures and videos onto a digital frame, such as a Nixplay or Aura, so that you can enjoy them day in and day out. Tell your loved ones to email pictures they take as well—they can auto-upload into the digital picture frame, keeping the images up to date and fresh.\n 31. Search Spine-health.com for articles relating to your condition. Read up on postoperative recovery related to your surgery. Start your search here\n 32. Make useful gifts the old-fashioned way. Knit or crochet a baby blanket for someone who's expecting a baby soon, needlepoint a gift, or make advance holiday gifts. Doing something with your hands while listening to music or an audiobook can be truly relaxing.\n 33. Plan out your home chores. Make a list for all those odd jobs that need to get done around the home.\n 34. Organize your home. Inventory all the stuff you want to get rid of around your home or garage. Donate it or sell it on eBay or Craigslist.\n 35. Write creatively. Get started on that short story or novel that you've always wanted to write.\n 36. Create a Wikipedia page. Help build the online encyclopedia Wikipedia by editing or starting any topic where you have expertise.\n 37. Learn origami. Create beautiful origami gift boxes or figures.\n\nSave\n\nLearning origami may help take your mind off of the more painful portions of\nback surgery recovery. See Practical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\n\n 38. Plan your meal prep for later. Create a list of recipes that are easy to prepare that you can make once you're up and around but still recovering. You can also keep track of them online with Pinterest.\n 39. Start learning a new language. Maybe you’ve always wanted to know another language, or perhaps you’re planning an international trip. Various software programs are available for learning languages. Many libraries carry the Rosetta Stone program, or you can download language apps to your phone or tablet.\n 40. Research health professionals. Look up the health professionals that you plan to consult once you are ready to get out and moving, such as massage therapists, physical therapists, or personal trainers. It’s also a good idea to call your insurance and check your coverage and the in-network practices.\n\nSee Specialists Who Treat Back Pain\n\n 41. Order personalized stationery. Personalized address stamps or stickers can be useful if you plan to send out annual cards. You can also design your own card and update your address list.\n 42. Learn calligraphy. Amaze your friends and family when addressing this year’s greeting cards with creative calligraphy writing.\n\n## Doing good for others will also help you feel better.\n\n 43. Write a short thank you (or love note). Express your feelings through written notes to the person who is caring for you and put it in the same place for them to find each day.\n 44. Appreciate your hospital staff. Go on the hospital's social media sites and comment on the positive experiences you had.\n 45. Help a local animal shelter’s pets find their forever homes. You can share pet photos and stories on your social media accounts, such as Facebook, Pinterest, Twitter, or others.\n 46. Encourage others. Send an email or note of encouragement to someone you know who might also be going through a difficult time.\n 47. Take time to listen to your visitors. If you have friends and family visiting during your recovery, encourage them to talk about themselves and their lives. It will go a long way to help take your mind off the pain.\n 48. Teach someone about something you know. Whatever your expertise, there is someone you can help out by passing it on. If you have learned a lot from your health experience and surgery, share what you've learned with others in our Back and Neck Pain Support Group on Facebook.\n 49. Consider donating to charity. You can research charitable causes online. Websites like GoFundMe let you give money to support someone in need.\n 50. Acknowledge the service of people in your community. Consider emailing thank you notes to anyone in a service role, such as your local police, your country's service personnel, or your children's teachers.\n 51. Volunteer from your home. See if you can volunteer for an organization that allows you to call and talk to people who are lonely, such as people in nursing homes or people confined to their house.\n 52. Plan future volunteer opportunities. Think about a cause you might want to volunteer for after you’ve recovered and have more energy. You can research volunteer opportunities near you at nationalservice.gov, justserve.org, and dosomething.org.\n\nadvertisement\n\n## Getting mobile again will do you a world of good\n\n 53. Try to walk regularly. Start with short walks, as tolerated, and gradually work up to longer walks as your recovery progresses. For encouragement, consider using a Fitbit or other wearable device that tracks your steps, or walk with a friend. Only walk on flat ground and clutter-flee floors to reduce the risk for a fall.\n\nSee Exercise Walking for Better Back Health\n\n 54. Go to a store. If you can't walk much yet, have someone drive you to Walmart or Target for items that you may need. You can ride one of the motorized scooters to get around the store.\n 55. Perform gentle exercises and stretches. While it is important to avoid any movements that your surgeon has prohibited—such as bending, lifting, or twisting after back surgery—some exercises and stretches may be helpful in your recovery.\n\nSee Easy Exercise Program for Low Back Pain Relief\n\n 56. Sign up for water therapy. Water exercise can be gentle on your back, as the water supports you while you exercise and prevents any jarring motion.\n\nSee Water Therapy Exercise Program\n\nConsult with your surgeon and health care team before choosing a new activity\nwhile you recover from surgery. Also, many of these ideas require a\nlaptop/tablet and Internet access. If you don't have a laptop/tablet, you can\nbuy an inexpensive one or borrow one from a friend or family member. Wireless\nInternet is a good idea so you can access the Internet from your bed, a\nrecliner, or wherever you're most comfortable.\n\n## Learn more:\n\nRehabilitation After Spine Surgery\n\nRehabilitation and Exercise Following Spine Surgery\n\n## References\n\n * 1.Juzeniene A, Moan J. Beneficial effects of UV radiation other than via vitamin D production. Dermatoendocrinol. 2012; 4(2):109-17. doi: 10.4161/derm.20013\n * 2.Klein K, Boals A Expressive writing can increase working memory capacity. J Exp Psychol Gen. 2001; 130(2): 520-33.\n * 3.Langens TA, Schuler J. Effects of written emotional expression: the role of positive expectancies. Health Psychol. 2007; 26(2): 174-82.\n\nadvertisement\n\n### Editor's Top Picks\n\nVideo: Questions to Ask Your Spine Surgeon\n\nPreparation Before Back Surgery\n\nVideo: Am I a Candidate for Back Surgery?\n\nPractical Advice for Recovering from Back Surgery\n\nPain Management at Home after ACDF\n\nHow to Prep Your Home for Spine Surgery Recovery Video\n\nPain Topics\n\n * Back Surgery\n * Chiropractic\n * Degenerative Disc Disease\n * Exercise/Fitness\n * Herniated Disc\n * Lower Back Pain\n * Neck Pain\n * Osteoporosis / Fracture\n * Sacroiliac Joint Pain\n * Sciatica\n * Spinal Fusion\n * Spinal Stenosis\n * Spinal Tumor\n * Upper Back Pain\n * Find a Back Doctor\n * All Pain Topics A - Z\n\nadvertisement\n\nadvertisement\n\n * Latest\n * Top Videos\n * Top Articles\n\n * Lumbar Epidural Steroid Injections for Low Back Pain and Sciatica\n * Back Pain in Pregnancy\n * Back Pain After Pregnancy\n * Cervical Bone Spurs Symptoms and Causes Animation\n * Text Neck Symptoms and Causes Video\n\n * Lumbar Herniated Disc Video\n * Sciatica Animated Video\n * Lumbar Degenerative Disc Disease Video\n * Piriformis Syndrome Video\n * Sacroiliac Joint Dysfunction Video\n\n * Lower Back Pain Symptoms, Diagnosis, and Treatment\n * Sciatica Exercises for Sciatica Pain Relief\n * What You Need to Know About Sciatica\n * Leg Pain and Numbness: What Might These Symptoms Mean?\n * Stiff Neck Causes, Symptoms and Treatment\n\nFind a Spine Center\n\nadvertisement\n\nHealth Information (Sponsored)\n\nSubscribe to Our Newsletters Get Veritas Health eNewsletters delivered to your\ninbox.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nSpine-health.com Resources\n\n * Authors\n * Education Centers\n * En Español\n * Find a Back Doctor\n * Find a Spine Center\n * Find Support\n * Glossary\n * Join Our Physician Directory\n * Spine Pain Topics\n\nAbout Veritas Health\n\n * About Us\n * Accessibility\n * Advertising and Sponsorship Guidelines\n * Awards\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Editorial Process\n * Press Room\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Other Veritas Health Websites:\n * Arthritis-health\n * Sports-health\n * Pain-health\n\nView site: Desktop | Mobile\n\nThis site is for educational purposes only; no information is intended or\nimplied to be a substitute for professional medical advice. The information is\nproduced and reviewed by over 200 medical professionals with the goal of\nproviding trusted, uniquely informative information for people with painful\nhealth conditions. Our forums do not include medical advice and are for\nemotional support only.\n\n© 1999-2020 Veritas Health, LLC. All rights reserved. Veritas Health, LLC, 520\nLake Cook Road, Suite 350, Deerfield, IL, 60015.\n\nprime | version.2020.05.028-2020.05.006\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160505070648/http://www.healthgrades.com:80/procedures/8-tips-for-coping-with-a-shoulder-sling",
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"title": "8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling",
"passages": [
"Doctors by their medical specialty:| Specialty name (e.g. \"orthopedic surgery\") Group practice or hospital:| Practice or hospital name (e.g. \"Pinnacle Hospital\") Specific Doctor:| Doctor’s name (e.g. \"Dr. Smith\" or \"John Smith\")",
"You may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling helps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or collarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others will wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it, wearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical tips for coping with your sling.",
"Your doctor will give you specific instructions for wearing your sling. If you had surgery, you will likely wear the sling until your follow-up appointment. You will gradually decrease your sling use. As you heal from an injury or surgery, you may only need it while awake, or at night, or as needed for comfort. While wearing your sling, move your fingers and wrist several times a day to prevent stiffness.",
"The sling strap goes from the elbow of the injured arm, across your back to the opposite shoulder, and down across your chest to the wrist of the injured arm. You can attach the strap before you put it on and adjust it after it’s in position. Your hand should be at or above the level of your elbow. Adjust the strap pad comfortably near your neck. Ask your doctor to review your sling’s instructions with you.",
"You may or may not need help bathing for the first few weeks in a sling. If your injury is minor, your doctor may allow you to remove the sling and bathe freely. For more severe injuries or surgery, your doctor may tell you to remove the sling but not to use your injured arm to bathe. This means you will need someone to wash your healthy arm.",
"Dressing will also depend on the severity of your injury. You may be able to dress normally with a mild injury. For more severe injuries and surgery, wearing shirts that open in front will be easiest. Slide your injured arm in first and proceed to finish dressing. If your dominant arm is injured, fasteners may be a challenge. You may need help with zippers or buttons, and find that snaps are easier. Resist the urge to use your injured arm.",
"It can be difficult to get comfortable while sleeping with a shoulder sling. Try propping your arm with pillows, sleeping on your back, propping your whole upper body, or sleeping in a reclining chair. If sleeping is not going well, talk with your doctor about whether wearing the sling at night is absolutely essential.",
"Remember to use your healthy arm for all daily activities. These activities include eating, preparing meals, using the toilet, and moving between sitting, standing and lying down. This can be quite a challenge if your dominant arm is injured. It will take some practice, some help from others, and some creativity. You should avoid housework and vigorous activities until your doctor clears it.",
"People often need physical therapy to recover from a severe injury or shoulder surgery. You will need to remove your sling to complete your exercises. This rehabilitation is vital to prevent joint stiffness and regain joint function. You will likely progress from simple range-of-motion exercises to strengthening exercises. Follow your therapist’s instructions for wearing your sling.",
"For most shoulder slings, you can hand wash them and let them air dry. You can do this occasionally if it gets dirty or if you only use it for comfort. If you are wearing your sling continually, you may want to consider having two slings. Have one to wear while the other dries.",
"You may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling helps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or collarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others will wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it, wearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical tips for coping with your sling.",
"© 2016 Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be reproduced or reprinted without permission from Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. Use of this information is governed by the Healthgrades User Agreement."
]
},
"parsed_md": "8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling | Healthgrades\n\nPatients:\n\nSign up or Login\n\nSign Up For Free\n\n * Save doctors & hospitals\n * Add private notes\n * Connect at home & on-the-go\n\nLogin\n\nDoctors:\n\nUpdate your free profile\n\nWelcome\n\n * Dashbord\n * My Doctors\n * My Hospitals\n * My HealthStories\n\n * Account Settings\n * My Profile\n * Account & Preferences\n * Logout\n\nDoctors Dentists Hospitals\n\n## New! Healthgrades gives you 4 ways to find the right care:\n\nTO FIND:| ENTER: \n---|--- \nDoctors with experience in your treatment:|\n\nHealth condition (e.g. \"rheumatoid arthritis\") Medical procedure (e.g. \"total\nknee replacement\") \n \nDoctors by their medical specialty:| Specialty name (e.g. \"orthopedic\nsurgery\") \nGroup practice or hospital:| Practice or hospital name (e.g. \"Pinnacle\nHospital\") \nSpecific Doctor:| Doctor’s name (e.g. \"Dr. Smith\" or \"John Smith\") \n \n * Main\n * Rotator Cuff Surgery\n * 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nView All \"Rotator Cuff Surgery\" Articles\n\n# 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nBy\n\nSarah Lewis, PharmD\n\nWas this helpful? (55)\n\n8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nSarah Lewis, PharmD\n\n * 1\n\nYou may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling\nhelps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or\ncollarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others\nwill wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it,\nwearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical\ntips for coping with your sling.\n\nShoulder Slings\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Fa7%2F39%2F02b1f7964be09f3c159d9a67f007%2Fimage-\narm-in-sling.jpg\n\n * 2\n\nYour doctor will give you specific instructions for wearing your sling. If you\nhad surgery, you will likely wear the sling until your follow-up appointment.\nYou will gradually decrease your sling use. As you heal from an injury or\nsurgery, you may only need it while awake, or at night, or as needed for\ncomfort. While wearing your sling, move your fingers and wrist several times a\nday to prevent stiffness.\n\n1\\. Follow Your Doctor’s Instructions on When to Wear Your Sling\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ffd%2F63%2Fcf8a96224eceb3500c7853b0c2b0%2Fimage-\ndoctor-adjusting-arm-sling.jpg\n\n * 3\n\nThe sling strap goes from the elbow of the injured arm, across your back to\nthe opposite shoulder, and down across your chest to the wrist of the injured\narm. You can attach the strap before you put it on and adjust it after it’s in\nposition. Your hand should be at or above the level of your elbow. Adjust the\nstrap pad comfortably near your neck. Ask your doctor to review your sling’s\ninstructions with you.\n\n2\\. Wear Your Shoulder Sling Properly\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F09%2F9f%2Ff9c83c794165a107947fed7bbc62%2Fimage-\ndoctor-helping-patient-with-arm-in-sling.jpg\n\n * 4\n\nYou may or may not need help bathing for the first few weeks in a sling. If\nyour injury is minor, your doctor may allow you to remove the sling and bathe\nfreely. For more severe injuries or surgery, your doctor may tell you to\nremove the sling but not to use your injured arm to bathe. This means you will\nneed someone to wash your healthy arm.\n\n3\\. Take Care When Bathing\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Faa%2F5c%2Fdb38cb294662b627d0ca30665e29%2Fimage-\nbathroom-showerhead.jpg\n\n * 5\n\nDressing will also depend on the severity of your injury. You may be able to\ndress normally with a mild injury. For more severe injuries and surgery,\nwearing shirts that open in front will be easiest. Slide your injured arm in\nfirst and proceed to finish dressing. If your dominant arm is injured,\nfasteners may be a challenge. You may need help with zippers or buttons, and\nfind that snaps are easier. Resist the urge to use your injured arm.\n\n4\\. You May Need Help Getting Dressed\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F68%2Fda%2Fc9b73921464d8d5a3ff01344d044%2Fimage-\nblue-shirt.jpg\n\n * 6\n\nIt can be difficult to get comfortable while sleeping with a shoulder sling.\nTry propping your arm with pillows, sleeping on your back, propping your whole\nupper body, or sleeping in a reclining chair. If sleeping is not going well,\ntalk with your doctor about whether wearing the sling at night is absolutely\nessential.\n\n5\\. You May Need to Adjust the Way You Sleep\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2F5e%2F23%2F1effeaf448059623493dac778d9a%2Fimage-\nwoman-sleeping-on-sofa.jpg\n\n * 7\n\nRemember to use your healthy arm for all daily activities. These activities\ninclude eating, preparing meals, using the toilet, and moving between sitting,\nstanding and lying down. This can be quite a challenge if your dominant arm is\ninjured. It will take some practice, some help from others, and some\ncreativity. You should avoid housework and vigorous activities until your\ndoctor clears it.\n\n6\\. Use Your Healthy Arm for Daily Activities\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ff7%2F0a%2F3242c1594d8bb4dc61fe226ee2a1%2Fimage-\nhand-picking-at-bagel.jpg\n\n * 8\n\nPeople often need physical therapy to recover from a severe injury or shoulder\nsurgery. You will need to remove your sling to complete your exercises. This\nrehabilitation is vital to prevent joint stiffness and regain joint function.\nYou will likely progress from simple range-of-motion exercises to\nstrengthening exercises. Follow your therapist’s instructions for wearing your\nsling.\n\n7\\. Stick With Your Physical Therapy\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Ffd%2F92%2F06a1e383464c9f947d8e5841cd6a%2Fistock-000019024621-extrasmall.jpg\n\n * 9\n\nFor most shoulder slings, you can hand wash them and let them air dry. You can\ndo this occasionally if it gets dirty or if you only use it for comfort. If\nyou are wearing your sling continually, you may want to consider having two\nslings. Have one to wear while the other dries.\n\n8\\. Keep Your Shoulder Sling Clean\nhttps://d33ljpvc0tflz5.cloudfront.net/dims3/MMH/thumbnail/580x388/quality/75/?url=https%3A%2F%2Fd26ua9paks4zq.cloudfront.net%2Fd6%2F92%2F1d25006446d6b3cc32ca231897c7%2Fimage-\ntap-water.jpg\n\nThumbnails Replay Slideshow\n\n1 of 10\n\n## Shoulder Slings\n\nYou may find yourself in a shoulder sling for a variety of reasons. The sling\nhelps support your arm after injury or surgery on the arm, shoulder or\ncollarbone. Some people only need it for a short period of time, while others\nwill wear a sling for many weeks. Regardless of how you ended up with it,\nwearing a shoulder sling can be a challenge. Read on to learn some practical\ntips for coping with your sling.\n\nWas this helpful? (55)\n\nMedically Reviewed By: William C. Lloyd III, MD, FACS | Last Review Date: Jun\n16, 2014\n\n© 2016 Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. All rights reserved. May not be\nreproduced or reprinted without permission from Healthgrades Operating\nCompany, Inc. Use of this information is governed by the Healthgrades User\nAgreement.\n\nView Sources\n\n#### Medical References\n\n 1. Instructions for Wearing Your Shoulder Immobilizer Brace. Johns Hopkins University. http://www.hopkinsortho.org/orthopedicsurgery/ShoulderImmobilizer.pdf.\n 2. Postoperative Shoulder. National Association of Orthopedic Nurses. http://www.google.com/url?sa=t&rct=j&q=&esrc=s&source=web&cd=26&cad=rja&uact=8&ved=0CE0QFjAFOBQ&url=....\n 3. Rotator Cuff Tears: Surgical Treatment Options. American Academy of Orthopedic Surgeons. http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00406.\n\nADVERTISEMENT\n\n### You Might Also Like\n\n### Are You a Good Candidate for Rotator Cuff Surgery?\n\n### 7 Steps to a Successful Rotator Cuff Surgery\n\nView Slideshow\n\n### 8 Tips for Coping With a Shoulder Sling\n\nView Slideshow\n\n### Finding the Right Doctor for Rotator Cuff Surgery\n\n * Providers by Specialty\n\n * All Specialties\n * Cardiologists\n * Chiropractors\n * Clinical Psychologists\n * Counselors\n * Dentists\n * Dermatologist\n * Ear, Nose & Throat\n * Endocrinologists\n * Family Practitioners\n * Gastroenterologists\n * General Surgeons\n * Geriatricians\n * Gynecologists & Obstetricians\n * Hematologists\n * Internists\n * Nephrologists\n * Neurologists\n * Neurosurgeons\n * Ophthalmologists\n * Orthopedic Surgeons\n * Pain Medicine\n * Pediatricians\n * Plastic Surgeons\n * Psychiatrists\n * Psychologists\n * Rheumatologists\n * Sports Medicine\n * Urologists\n * Hospital and Group Practices\n\n * Affiliated Hospitals\n * Affiliated Physician\n * Dialysis Centers\n * Find a Dentist\n * Find a Doctor\n * Find a Hospital\n * Group Practices\n * Hospitals\n * Search Provider by Name\n * Procedures\n\n * Colonoscopy\n * Dialysis\n * Endoscopy\n * Gastric Bypass\n * Hormonal Therapy\n * Hysterectomy\n * Laparoscopy\n * LASIK\n * Liposuction\n * Vasectomy\n * View All Articles\n * Conditions\n\n * View All Conditions\n * View All Symptoms\n * Health Guides\n\n * For Patients\n\n * Find the Right Doctor\n * Find the Right Hospital\n * Hospital Quality\n * Quality & Transparency\n * Our Health\n * Right Diagnosis\n * Sign Up\n * Log In\n * Review Doctors\n * Health Guides\n * Health Stories\n * For Providers\n\n * Promote Your Practice\n * FAQs\n * Log In to Your Account\n * For Partners\n\n * Healthgrades for Hospitals\n * Hospital Client Log In\n * Advertise With Us\n * Quality Use Guidelines\n * About Us\n\n * Our Company\n * Press Room\n * Careers\n * Site Map\n * Privacy Policy\n * Advertising Policy\n * HG Blog\n * Regional Pocket Guides\n\nConnect With Us\n\n© Copyright Healthgrades Operating Company, Inc. 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},
{
"original_url": "http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150912001919/http://www.apartmenttherapy.com/at-on-being-at-home-with-a-bro-73127",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg",
"passages": [
"Until now, I've happily spent much of my free time and energy arranging my apartment to please me visually and accommodate an active lifestyle of working at home and entertaining friends. But I now have a new and entirely different perspective on my home: that of a person convalescing after suffering a broken leg.",
"On the Saturday before Christmas, nearly a foot of snow fell on Seattle. I spent the entire, wonderful day reading by the fire with my honey while the snow piled up around my house, weighing the bamboo down and clearing the view from our windows where we could see the sledding and the snowball fights.",
"That night we decided to visit a friend who lives half a mile away. When we left a little later, we expected an uneventful, mostly downhill trek ending in our warm bed, but about a block from our friend's house, I slid and fell. Not a spectacular fall; more of a crumple-and-crouch that should have ended with me sitting in the snow laughing. Instead, I broke off the end of my tibia.",
"After a perilous ambulance ride (at this point, I-5 was empty and not plowed, salted or sanded, with deep snowdrifts crossing it) to and treatment at the ER, I woke a friend at 4am in the morning to pick us (my husband and I) up and take us to my mom's house, which is much closer to the ER with fewer hills. And there I've been for the most part, ever since.",
"The benefit of staying at my mom's house is, first and foremost, my mom is here. She prepares and brings my meals, brings my belongings with me from room to room when I need them, watches me climb and descend the stairs, and keeps me company. But I will have to return to my little apartment eventually, and I stayed there one night last week to see what I will need to make my space livable with far less support.",
"Furniture arrangement. It was kind of sad to me to have to think about changing the way the furniture is arranged, since I worked so hard on it during the Fall Cure. But the truth of the matter is that I need wide walkways to the essential spots — the couch, kitchen, bathroom and bedroom — even if this means \"bowling alley effect,\" pushing furniture against the walls, and losing some functional areas. My hard-won desk and dining areas are two such casualties. Also, my open living room arrangement used to see the lounge chairs at an angle to the couch; I changed this to make the chairs square to it, since a grid is much easier to navigate with crutches. A coffee table that's sturdy enough to elevate my leg on is essential.",
"Throw rugs. Light weight throw rugs, even with non-skid liners underneath them, present a tripping hazard with crutches. I asked my husband to remove the one we had by the front door. Even the bath mat has to go, since I'd have to walk over it to get to the bathroom. We left the big rug in the living room since it's heavy and held down by heavy furniture, so it won't move around.",
"Everyday items. When I broke my leg, I lost the use of not just one limb, but three, in a way, since walking with crutches takes the use of my arms as well. That makes carrying anything a matter of careful planning and accessories, like a backpack or over the shoulder bag. I put everyday items where I actually use them, instead of where they've been cleverly or aesthetically stored.",
"Stairs. My mom's house has stairs up to the bedrooms, and since I've broken my leg, I've fallen down them twice. It's a tricky thing to learn how to maneuver crutches on stairs, especially going down, and it's never as safe as with two healthy legs. My apartment is a single story, but getting up to it involves a very slippery wooden staircase. If I need to leave my house for any reason, I'll have to call someone to help me.",
"Pets. Our cat is now in my husband's sole care, and if I lived by myself I would have arranged for someone to take care of the pets, just as if I was on vacation and not home at all.",
"Bathing. Slippery surfaces + one nonfunctional leg that can't get wet = a challenge. There are a lot of resources on the web (like this one) for stools, chairs and railings that make bathing less of a hazard, but so far I've made do with a lightweight chair that I drag next to the bathtub to rest my leg on while I take a bath, and to ease the transition from laying, to sitting, to standing."
]
},
"parsed_md": "AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg | Apartment Therapy\n\nApartment Therapy Apartment Therapy Toggle menu\n\n * Follow us on Facebook\n * Follow us on Pinterest\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Follow us on Instagram\n * Follow us on Tumblr\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\n * More ways to follow\n\n# AT on... Being at Home with a Broken Leg\n\nPin it\n\nUntil now, I've happily spent much of my free time and energy arranging my\napartment to please me visually and accommodate an active lifestyle of working\nat home and entertaining friends. But I now have a new and entirely different\nperspective on my home: that of a person convalescing after suffering a broken\nleg.\n\nOn the Saturday before Christmas, nearly a foot of snow fell on Seattle. I\nspent the entire, wonderful day reading by the fire with my honey while the\nsnow piled up around my house, weighing the bamboo down and clearing the view\nfrom our windows where we could see the sledding and the snowball fights.\n\nThat night we decided to visit a friend who lives half a mile away. When we\nleft a little later, we expected an uneventful, mostly downhill trek ending in\nour warm bed, but about a block from our friend's house, I slid and fell. Not\na spectacular fall; more of a crumple-and-crouch that should have ended with\nme sitting in the snow laughing. Instead, I broke off the end of my tibia.\n\nAfter a perilous ambulance ride (at this point, I-5 was empty and not plowed,\nsalted or sanded, with deep snowdrifts crossing it) to and treatment at the\nER, I woke a friend at 4am in the morning to pick us (my husband and I) up and\ntake us to my mom's house, which is much closer to the ER with fewer hills.\nAnd there I've been for the most part, ever since.\n\nThe benefit of staying at my mom's house is, first and foremost, my mom is\nhere. She prepares and brings my meals, brings my belongings with me from room\nto room when I need them, watches me climb and descend the stairs, and keeps\nme company. But I will have to return to my little apartment eventually, and I\nstayed there one night last week to see what I will need to make my space\nlivable with far less support.\n\nHere's what I've come up with so far:\n\nFurniture arrangement. It was kind of sad to me to have to think about\nchanging the way the furniture is arranged, since I worked so hard on it\nduring the Fall Cure. But the truth of the matter is that I need wide walkways\nto the essential spots — the couch, kitchen, bathroom and bedroom — even if\nthis means \"bowling alley effect,\" pushing furniture against the walls, and\nlosing some functional areas. My hard-won desk and dining areas are two such\ncasualties. Also, my open living room arrangement used to see the lounge\nchairs at an angle to the couch; I changed this to make the chairs square to\nit, since a grid is much easier to navigate with crutches. A coffee table\nthat's sturdy enough to elevate my leg on is essential.\n\nThrow rugs. Light weight throw rugs, even with non-skid liners underneath\nthem, present a tripping hazard with crutches. I asked my husband to remove\nthe one we had by the front door. Even the bath mat has to go, since I'd have\nto walk over it to get to the bathroom. We left the big rug in the living room\nsince it's heavy and held down by heavy furniture, so it won't move around.\n\nEveryday items. When I broke my leg, I lost the use of not just one limb, but\nthree, in a way, since walking with crutches takes the use of my arms as well.\nThat makes carrying anything a matter of careful planning and accessories,\nlike a backpack or over the shoulder bag. I put everyday items where I\nactually use them, instead of where they've been cleverly or aesthetically\nstored.\n\nStairs. My mom's house has stairs up to the bedrooms, and since I've broken my\nleg, I've fallen down them twice. It's a tricky thing to learn how to maneuver\ncrutches on stairs, especially going down, and it's never as safe as with two\nhealthy legs. My apartment is a single story, but getting up to it involves a\nvery slippery wooden staircase. If I need to leave my house for any reason,\nI'll have to call someone to help me.\n\nPets. Our cat is now in my husband's sole care, and if I lived by myself I\nwould have arranged for someone to take care of the pets, just as if I was on\nvacation and not home at all.\n\nBathing. Slippery surfaces + one nonfunctional leg that can't get wet = a\nchallenge. There are a lot of resources on the web (like this one) for stools,\nchairs and railings that make bathing less of a hazard, but so far I've made\ndo with a lightweight chair that I drag next to the bathtub to rest my leg on\nwhile I take a bath, and to ease the transition from laying, to sitting, to\nstanding.\n\nImage: net_efekt\n\nPromoted Stories\n\nMore from Apartment Therapy\n\nCategories\n\nHealthy Living, Organizing\n\n * 01.05.09 4:15PM\n * Danielle Henderson\n\nPin it Share on Facebook Share on Twitter\n\nMaxwell’s Daily Find\n\n 1. Modern Round Dining Tables: West Elm, Tom Dixon, IKEA, & More\n 2. Stylish & Illuminating: The Best Task and Desk Lamps\n 3. Best Cutlery: West Elm, IKEA, Gorham, J.A. Henckels & 4 More\n\nSee more\n\nSubmit a Story\n\nGot a tip, home tour, or other story our readers should see?\n\nTell us about it!\n\nRead Our Books\n\nComplete + Happy Home (2015)\n\nThe Kitchn Cookbook (2014)\n\nGood Food to Share (2010)\n\nThe Big Book of Small, Cool Spaces (2010)\n\nApartment Therapy Presents (2008)\n\nThe Eight-Step Home Cure (2006)\n\nJoin our email list\n\nAdvertise With Us\n\n * About Apartment Therapy\n * Contact Us\n * Follow Us\n * Press\n * Legal\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n * Our Team\n * Sponsored Posts\n * Site Map\n\n * Follow us on Facebook\n * Follow us on Pinterest\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Follow us on Instagram\n * Follow us on Tumblr\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\n * More ways to follow\n\nsaving the world, one room at a time\n\n© 2015 Apartment Therapy\n\nClose menu\n\n * Follow us on Facebook\n * Follow us on Pinterest\n * Follow us on Twitter\n * Follow us on Instagram\n * Follow us on Tumblr\n * Subscribe to our RSS feed\n * More ways to follow\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180131203819/https://ask.metafilter.com/14422/How-to-cope-after-breaking-your-dominant-arm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to cope after breaking your dominant arm - broken recovery",
"passages": [
"I broke my dominant arm on Sunday, and I'd like some tips for how to cope with the recovery process.",
"I broke both bones in my forearm, had a plate installed, and I've been told that I'll be in a cast for 10 weeks. What can I do to lessen the pain and inconvenience aside from elevating the arm and taking pain meds? Can I take my sling into the shower? Any naturopathic treatments I can do?",
"Also, I make my living working on the computer and typing with my left hand isn't very speedy. Would I be able to use a software product like Dragon Naturally Speaking with terminal software like PuTTY?",
"Naturopathic approach: there's not a whole lot you can do, but some particular homeopathic remedies may help the healing process.",
"Any of these can be found at your local health food store, and you're welcome to email me with questions/guidelines for taking remedies. posted by Specklet at 5:04 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]",
"No matter what the OS you have, chances are you have some variation of 'StickyKeys', which lets you type key chord combinations (like Ctrl+v) sequentially, rather than simultaneously. It really helps with the one-handed typing.",
"It's under the Accessibility' features of your OS. It takes a little bit to get used to, but eventually will become second nature. posted by spinifex23 at 5:25 PM on January 25, 2005",
"Welcome to the world of being one handed! I only have full functioning use of one hand, so I think if I was ever put in your position, I'd be screwed. :) I have no information specific to your case, but rather a few helpful tips on making life easier one-handed.",
"I wouldn't suggest bringing your sling into the shower, as the one's I have seen tend to not dry out quickly, and also smell. My suggestion? Wrap your cast in garbage bags and then duct tape it tightly around the edges to ensure the cast doesn't get any water on it. Better yet, take a tea towel (or any cotton bath cloth) and use that underneath the garbage bags to prevent water from hitting your cast. Casts can rot/crumble if exposed to water. I've also made temporary slings out of garbage bags in place of my sling for the showers.",
"One handed shoe tying. I don't use this method, but I was taught how to do it, and it's quite easy.",
"I've used Dragon Naturally Speaking, and unless you've used it for an extended period of time, it can be clumsy to deal with for the beginner. Some programs don't work well with it either, but if you're a good typist - maybe I can suggest a link to One-handed typing? I have used the HalfQwerty technique, but I prefer the method I use now. This might or might not work well for you. Place your four fingers on the \"home keys\" (f,g,h,j) and your thumb on the spacebar. I've learned to touch-type this way by moving my fingers around the keyboard but when at rest, go back to the home keys.",
"These are just a few of the ideas I've used in my life, but if you need anything else, my email is in my profile. Hope you have a speedy recovery! posted by carabiner at 5:36 PM on January 25, 2005",
"Frogpad. It won't be that fast, but if you're a programmer you might find some elegant ways to speed up your typing (with programmable putty / emacs commands and such). And besides, then you'll have a blue tooth or USB keyboard that's really small. Which is bound to come in handy (npi) later on, when you're all better. posted by zpousman at 6:51 PM on January 25, 2005",
"Take the pain meds as directed. Put several plastic bags over your splint/cast (don't know which you have). Better to just take a bath and not risk getting your splint/cast wet. If it gets wet, you have a higher risk for infection because of the moisture. Especially bad since you have metal implants. BTW, whenever you go to surgery from now on, make sure you tell the nurses you have metal in your arm. This comes in handy since we use a grounding pad, and need to avoid placing over metal. (Not that we usually ground over the lower arm anyway, but always good to know.) Invest in cheap velcro shoes. Find a really good friend to help dress you--especially fun if you are in a relationship! Plenty of rest. Be careful on the homeopathic stuff, check with your doctor's office first. You could have adverse interactions with the medications you are on. Make sure you diet has adequate calcium and vitamin D, (read--drink your milk!). posted by 6:1 at 7:12 PM on January 25, 2005",
"Damn cmonkey, I am sorry to hear that. When I broke my non-dominant arm, it was a hassle enough, I wish you a speedy recovery. I had a friend who recently severed a tendon in a finger on his dominant hand and found that it was easier to teach himself one-handed touch typing than it was to futz with speech recognition software. Once your dominant arm isn't in too much pain, you can consider using one of those little trackball ring things [pictures upper right on that page] to get some use out of your broken arm.",
"With my sling, I couldn't take it into the shower. I had to wrap the whole mess in a plastic bag sealed in tape which was a hassle especially when it was still sore. I found that it was almost as easy to do a lower-tech waterproofing job and take baths and scrub off with my free hand. I would also strongly recommend either getting someone to wash your hair/shave you, or spending some money and getting your hair washed outside of the house once a week or so. It's worth the money to feel clean and it is hard to wash your hair well with one hand.",
"As you've probably already learned, troublespots are in areas like zippers, shoe-typing and shirt buttoning. Start making wardrobe choices that will see you through your one-armedness. For me the big secret to pain-alleviation was getting my sling adjusted right, strapped pretty close to me so there was less risk of bumping it on things, sleeping with a LOT of pillows around my arm to lessen accidental bumps, and taking painkillers [and/or meditating and just generally relaxing] right before bed. Remember that ibuprofen is good for swelling/inflammation as well as pain, so it's worth taking even if you're not really hurting.",
"Lastly, just having a constant injury will be stressful and as a result will be taxing on you. Even if you don't feel it now, give yourself a little more leeway and wiggle room with your schedule, your expectations of yourself and just your overall mood. posted by jessamyn at 7:23 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]",
"Get off the pain meds as soon as you can, but don't do it cold turkey. I spent one of the worst weeks of my life last year when I decided to stop taking the Vicodin/Percocet I had been taking every day for over two months. We're talking sleeplessness, restlessness, loss of control over bodily functions, headache, depression, nausea, the works. If you're on pain meds, come off them slowly. Whenever possible, deal with a little pain and forego the meds. You'll save yourself exponential amounts of misery later.",
"I took baths instead of showers and was able to get away without covering my arm in plastic. That said, some devices are okay to get wet. After my doctor decided a cast wasn't going to fix my badly broken wrist, I had surgery to install an external fixator, which I was even allowed to take into a public pool unprotected. Follow your doctor's advice on that one, chances are: don't get it wet.",
"On that note: make sure to keep an umbrella on you in case of rain. Keep the snow off of it and out of it. Cast rot stinks and can lead to some very nasty infections and fungal funkiness. Screw halitosis: no one will want to be near you with a rotting cast.",
"If you get itchy, be careful sticking things into a cast to itch your arm. They may get stuck, and you might need an emergency visit to have the cast removed and replaced. Then again, maybe that only happens to my youngest brother. Still, you might find that you've shifted around the cotton padding in there so much that you've cut off circulation to your hand, so again: be careful.",
"Above all, keep a good sense of humor, and keep a camera handy for when the cast comes off a final time. Your arm will no longer look like your arm (but it will return to normal eventually).",
"You might find out when it's all over that you don't end up reverting to the same two-handed methods you used before your injury. I found that putting my contacts in with one hand ended up being far more efficient than the two- handed method I used before. posted by quasistoic at 7:24 PM on January 25, 2005",
"Start stretching your remaining forearm many times throughout the day. Spread all your fingers, wiggle everything around, clench your fist, repeat.",
"That arm / hand isn't used to the load, so you don't want to wear it out. posted by icey at 8:22 PM on January 25, 2005",
"But you recover faster and lose less....if you've been training the good side of your body. posted by filmgeek at 8:31 PM on January 25, 2005",
"I broke my right forearm in the same exact way, back in 2001. Unfortunately, I don't have any great advice for coping with the one-armed life, since at the same time, I also broke (more like pulverized) my left wrist.",
"What I can tell you is that the recovery time on the right arm was much faster than the left; I was feeling much better by the third week. Also, I didn't have to do any physical therapy for the right arm. It pretty much just popped out of the cast and went right back to work. In the interim, I tried to use Naturally Speaking, but since I write technical documentation, I found the training exercises to be a bit slow, especially when industry-specific terminology was involved. I did much better with a split keyboard. Many of the ergonomic office supply websites have them, and I found that having the keys in a tilted position let me at least somewhat imitate actual typing... posted by lilboo at 8:35 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]",
"I'm not strongly right-handed, but still had some difficulties when I broke my right hand. Everything took a lot longer, and I got really frustrated with that before I decided I just didn't want to be frustrated.",
"Within a couple weeks, I got pretty fast typing one handed. I still mouse left-handed, since that alleviates my RSI, but it took a lot of Solitaire playing to get it down. Washing long hair one handed was very difficult - I never did get the hang of getting all the soap on the right side of my head out.",
"Cooking was interesting. Anything involving a lot of sharp knife work was out. I had to use a colander a lot more, rather than my usual (use the lid or a spoon to hold the good stuff back). I ended up doing a lot of bean stews (and chasing carrot pieces around the kitchen).",
"Driving my car was out - I had to rent an automatic for 3 months. I really hope you don't have that issue.",
"Basically, I found I had to slow down (especially when I started to think I had something down), think tasks through before hand to find where the problem spots were and generally take my time with things. And remember to laugh. posted by QIbHom at 10:49 AM on January 26, 2005",
"I've decided to keep my painkiller ingestion limited to helping me sleep, I'm using tumeric and symphytum to keep the swelling down and bones growing, tying my shoes with that nifty one handed technique and getting a Frogpad as soon as I can.",
"Randomly getting a pump in one arm? April 9, 2014 What can I do for exercise with a broken leg? January 19, 2011 Please help me wake up my iPhone. January 20, 2010 my dominant hand is no longer dominant. help! May 27, 2008 Pain in arm from sneezing July 26, 2006",
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},
"parsed_md": "How to cope after breaking your dominant arm - broken recovery | Ask\nMetaFilter\n\n# Ask MetaFilter\n\nquerying the hive mind\n\n# How to cope after breaking your dominant arm January 25, 2005 4:38 PM\nSubscribe\n\nI broke my dominant arm on Sunday, and I'd like some tips for how to cope with\nthe recovery process.\n\nI broke both bones in my forearm, had a plate installed, and I've been told\nthat I'll be in a cast for 10 weeks. What can I do to lessen the pain and\ninconvenience aside from elevating the arm and taking pain meds? Can I take my\nsling into the shower? Any naturopathic treatments I can do?\n\nAlso, I make my living working on the computer and typing with my left hand\nisn't very speedy. Would I be able to use a software product like Dragon\nNaturally Speaking with terminal software like PuTTY?\n\nposted by cmonkey to Health & Fitness (12 answers total) 1 user marked this as\na favorite\n\nNaturopathic approach: there's not a whole lot you can do, but some particular\nhomeopathic remedies may help the healing process.\n\nAny of these can be found at your local health food store, and you're welcome\nto email me with questions/guidelines for taking remedies. posted by Specklet\nat 5:04 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\n\nNo matter what the OS you have, chances are you have some variation of\n'StickyKeys', which lets you type key chord combinations (like Ctrl+v)\nsequentially, rather than simultaneously. It really helps with the one-handed\ntyping.\n\nIt's under the Accessibility' features of your OS. It takes a little bit to\nget used to, but eventually will become second nature. posted by spinifex23 at\n5:25 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nWelcome to the world of being one handed! I only have full functioning use of\none hand, so I think if I was ever put in your position, I'd be screwed. :) I\nhave no information specific to your case, but rather a few helpful tips on\nmaking life easier one-handed.\n\nI wouldn't suggest bringing your sling into the shower, as the one's I have\nseen tend to not dry out quickly, and also smell. My suggestion? Wrap your\ncast in garbage bags and then duct tape it tightly around the edges to ensure\nthe cast doesn't get any water on it. Better yet, take a tea towel (or any\ncotton bath cloth) and use that underneath the garbage bags to prevent water\nfrom hitting your cast. Casts can rot/crumble if exposed to water. I've also\nmade temporary slings out of garbage bags in place of my sling for the\nshowers.\n\nOne handed shoe tying. I don't use this method, but I was taught how to do it,\nand it's quite easy.\n\nI've used Dragon Naturally Speaking, and unless you've used it for an extended\nperiod of time, it can be clumsy to deal with for the beginner. Some programs\ndon't work well with it either, but if you're a good typist - maybe I can\nsuggest a link to One-handed typing? I have used the HalfQwerty technique, but\nI prefer the method I use now. This might or might not work well for you.\nPlace your four fingers on the \"home keys\" (f,g,h,j) and your thumb on the\nspacebar. I've learned to touch-type this way by moving my fingers around the\nkeyboard but when at rest, go back to the home keys.\n\nThese are just a few of the ideas I've used in my life, but if you need\nanything else, my email is in my profile. Hope you have a speedy recovery!\nposted by carabiner at 5:36 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nFrogpad. It won't be that fast, but if you're a programmer you might find some\nelegant ways to speed up your typing (with programmable putty / emacs commands\nand such). And besides, then you'll have a blue tooth or USB keyboard that's\nreally small. Which is bound to come in handy (npi) later on, when you're all\nbetter. posted by zpousman at 6:51 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nTake the pain meds as directed. Put several plastic bags over your splint/cast\n(don't know which you have). Better to just take a bath and not risk getting\nyour splint/cast wet. If it gets wet, you have a higher risk for infection\nbecause of the moisture. Especially bad since you have metal implants. BTW,\nwhenever you go to surgery from now on, make sure you tell the nurses you have\nmetal in your arm. This comes in handy since we use a grounding pad, and need\nto avoid placing over metal. (Not that we usually ground over the lower arm\nanyway, but always good to know.) Invest in cheap velcro shoes. Find a really\ngood friend to help dress you--especially fun if you are in a relationship!\nPlenty of rest. Be careful on the homeopathic stuff, check with your doctor's\noffice first. You could have adverse interactions with the medications you are\non. Make sure you diet has adequate calcium and vitamin D, (read--drink your\nmilk!). posted by 6:1 at 7:12 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nDamn cmonkey, I am sorry to hear that. When I broke my non-dominant arm, it\nwas a hassle enough, I wish you a speedy recovery. I had a friend who recently\nsevered a tendon in a finger on his dominant hand and found that it was easier\nto teach himself one-handed touch typing than it was to futz with speech\nrecognition software. Once your dominant arm isn't in too much pain, you can\nconsider using one of those little trackball ring things [pictures upper right\non that page] to get some use out of your broken arm.\n\nWith my sling, I couldn't take it into the shower. I had to wrap the whole\nmess in a plastic bag sealed in tape which was a hassle especially when it was\nstill sore. I found that it was almost as easy to do a lower-tech\nwaterproofing job and take baths and scrub off with my free hand. I would also\nstrongly recommend either getting someone to wash your hair/shave you, or\nspending some money and getting your hair washed outside of the house once a\nweek or so. It's worth the money to feel clean and it is hard to wash your\nhair well with one hand.\n\nAs you've probably already learned, troublespots are in areas like zippers,\nshoe-typing and shirt buttoning. Start making wardrobe choices that will see\nyou through your one-armedness. For me the big secret to pain-alleviation was\ngetting my sling adjusted right, strapped pretty close to me so there was less\nrisk of bumping it on things, sleeping with a LOT of pillows around my arm to\nlessen accidental bumps, and taking painkillers [and/or meditating and just\ngenerally relaxing] right before bed. Remember that ibuprofen is good for\nswelling/inflammation as well as pain, so it's worth taking even if you're not\nreally hurting.\n\nLastly, just having a constant injury will be stressful and as a result will\nbe taxing on you. Even if you don't feel it now, give yourself a little more\nleeway and wiggle room with your schedule, your expectations of yourself and\njust your overall mood. posted by jessamyn at 7:23 PM on January 25, 2005 [1\nfavorite]\n\nGet off the pain meds as soon as you can, but don't do it cold turkey. I spent\none of the worst weeks of my life last year when I decided to stop taking the\nVicodin/Percocet I had been taking every day for over two months. We're\ntalking sleeplessness, restlessness, loss of control over bodily functions,\nheadache, depression, nausea, the works. If you're on pain meds, come off them\nslowly. Whenever possible, deal with a little pain and forego the meds. You'll\nsave yourself exponential amounts of misery later.\n\nMaybe look into those homeopathic remedies.\n\nI took baths instead of showers and was able to get away without covering my\narm in plastic. That said, some devices are okay to get wet. After my doctor\ndecided a cast wasn't going to fix my badly broken wrist, I had surgery to\ninstall an external fixator, which I was even allowed to take into a public\npool unprotected. Follow your doctor's advice on that one, chances are: don't\nget it wet.\n\nOn that note: make sure to keep an umbrella on you in case of rain. Keep the\nsnow off of it and out of it. Cast rot stinks and can lead to some very nasty\ninfections and fungal funkiness. Screw halitosis: no one will want to be near\nyou with a rotting cast.\n\nIf you get itchy, be careful sticking things into a cast to itch your arm.\nThey may get stuck, and you might need an emergency visit to have the cast\nremoved and replaced. Then again, maybe that only happens to my youngest\nbrother. Still, you might find that you've shifted around the cotton padding\nin there so much that you've cut off circulation to your hand, so again: be\ncareful.\n\nAbove all, keep a good sense of humor, and keep a camera handy for when the\ncast comes off a final time. Your arm will no longer look like your arm (but\nit will return to normal eventually).\n\nYou might find out when it's all over that you don't end up reverting to the\nsame two-handed methods you used before your injury. I found that putting my\ncontacts in with one hand ended up being far more efficient than the two-\nhanded method I used before. posted by quasistoic at 7:24 PM on January 25,\n2005\n\nStart stretching your remaining forearm many times throughout the day. Spread\nall your fingers, wiggle everything around, clench your fist, repeat.\n\nThat arm / hand isn't used to the load, so you don't want to wear it out.\nposted by icey at 8:22 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nSomething odd, but absolutely true. Lift weights with your opposite hand.\nWrist curls, bicep curls, 2-3x a week.\n\nWhen your arm gets out of the cast, you'll find that it's atrophied (shrunk)\nquite a bit.\n\nBut you recover faster and lose less....if you've been training the good side\nof your body. posted by filmgeek at 8:31 PM on January 25, 2005\n\nI broke my right forearm in the same exact way, back in 2001. Unfortunately, I\ndon't have any great advice for coping with the one-armed life, since at the\nsame time, I also broke (more like pulverized) my left wrist.\n\nWhat I can tell you is that the recovery time on the right arm was much faster\nthan the left; I was feeling much better by the third week. Also, I didn't\nhave to do any physical therapy for the right arm. It pretty much just popped\nout of the cast and went right back to work. In the interim, I tried to use\nNaturally Speaking, but since I write technical documentation, I found the\ntraining exercises to be a bit slow, especially when industry-specific\nterminology was involved. I did much better with a split keyboard. Many of the\nergonomic office supply websites have them, and I found that having the keys\nin a tilted position let me at least somewhat imitate actual typing... posted\nby lilboo at 8:35 PM on January 25, 2005 [1 favorite]\n\nI'm not strongly right-handed, but still had some difficulties when I broke my\nright hand. Everything took a lot longer, and I got really frustrated with\nthat before I decided I just didn't want to be frustrated.\n\nWithin a couple weeks, I got pretty fast typing one handed. I still mouse\nleft-handed, since that alleviates my RSI, but it took a lot of Solitaire\nplaying to get it down. Washing long hair one handed was very difficult - I\nnever did get the hang of getting all the soap on the right side of my head\nout.\n\nCooking was interesting. Anything involving a lot of sharp knife work was out.\nI had to use a colander a lot more, rather than my usual (use the lid or a\nspoon to hold the good stuff back). I ended up doing a lot of bean stews (and\nchasing carrot pieces around the kitchen).\n\nDriving my car was out - I had to rent an automatic for 3 months. I really\nhope you don't have that issue.\n\nBasically, I found I had to slow down (especially when I started to think I\nhad something down), think tasks through before hand to find where the problem\nspots were and generally take my time with things. And remember to laugh.\nposted by QIbHom at 10:49 AM on January 26, 2005\n\nI've decided to keep my painkiller ingestion limited to helping me sleep, I'm\nusing tumeric and symphytum to keep the swelling down and bones growing, tying\nmy shoes with that nifty one handed technique and getting a Frogpad as soon as\nI can.\n\nThanks for all the help! posted by cmonkey at 8:31 PM on January 26, 2005\n\n« Older Help locating Vigenère cypher decoder | Threesome etiquette Newer »\n\nThis thread is closed to new comments.\n\nRelated Questions\n\nRandomly getting a pump in one arm? April 9, 2014 What can I do for exercise\nwith a broken leg? January 19, 2011 Please help me wake up my iPhone. January\n20, 2010 my dominant hand is no longer dominant. help! May 27, 2008 Pain in\narm from sneezing July 26, 2006\n\n## Tags\n\nbroken\n\narm\n\nrecovery\n\n## Share\n\nTwitter Facebook\n\n## About Ask MetaFilter\n\nAsk MetaFilter is a question and answer site that covers nearly any question\non earth, where members help each other solve problems. 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},
{
"original_url": "http://www.todaysparent.com:80/blogs/run-at-home-mom/my-sons-first-broken-bone/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160721111702/http://www.todaysparent.com:80/blogs/run-at-home-mom/my-sons-first-broken-bone/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How I handled my son’s first broken bone",
"passages": [
"Follow along as Jennifer Pinarski shares her experiences about giving up her big city job and lifestyle to live in rural Ontario with her husband, while staying home to raise their two young children.",
"Last month, my six-year-old son fractured his pinky finger while on a school trip. I’m told that, for the most part, broken fingers are not a big deal — and since children’s bones heal so quickly, they are rarely set and cast by a doctor. However, in the case of Isaac’s injury — he corkscrewed down a slide — he fractured it in such a way that letting it heal on its own would mean that he’d lose proper function of his finger. On the afternoon we left the hospital ER with little more than a splint on my son’s finger, the two of us were in tears — him because he thought his summer was ruined and me because I couldn’t tell him with 100 percent certainty that everything would be OK.",
"However, after pressuring the hospital’s patient relations department and getting the nerve and hand specialist’s direct telephone number, I was able to move my son’s consult from four weeks away to just seven days from the time it was first injured. And it was a good thing, too — if it had taken any longer surgeons would have had to cut open his hand and wire the bones together properly. On the downside, because Isaac’s bone wasn’t set properly in the ER, what should have only been two weeks in a splint now means six weeks in a cast.",
"It was a frustrating few days of phone calls to specialists while reassuring Isaac that he could still have fun on summer vacation. Here are the valuable lessons I’ve learned from our family’s first experience with a broken bone.",
"1. Trust your gut: I knew that something was messed up about Isaac’s hand and immediately went into Mama Bear mode until I got answers that made me happy.",
"2. Ask for help: In my case, I reached out to Twitter and Facebook to ask other moms for advice on how to speed up the consult process. Mara Shapiro, you rock.",
"3. Apologize and thank everyone: Our family doctor took the brunt of my frustration and it was important to me to call him back to not only thank him for his support, but to apologize for being a little too bearish. The hand specialist we are seeing and the orthos at the cast clinic have been helpful and patient with all of my questions.",
"4. Pay extra for a fibreglass cast: At two weeks post-injury, Isaac’s plaster half-cast was changed to a full cast. We had the option of choosing either a free plaster cast or to pay extra for a fibreglass cast. We opted to pay $45 for a fibreglass cast. While not waterproof, it is lighter and more durable than a plaster cast.",
"5. Make having a cast fun: I think my son is an exception in that he hates his cast and the attention it brings him. The day before a scheduled pool party, he was in tears because he didn’t want to have a black garbage bag and duct tape wrapped around his arm since he thought people would make fun of him. We bought colourful Sharpie markers to decorate his cast with, and clear plastic bags and patterned duct tape to protect his cast when he plays in water.",
"6. Don’t expect broken bones to slow a kid down: I thought my active-yet- cautious son would spend his recovery time reading and drawing pictures, but I was wrong. He’s still riding his bike, building forts, playing in splash pads and even teaching himself how to skateboard. I’m by no means a Helicopter Parent, but I have to remind myself that he’s an active boy and his injury is now very well protected.",
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},
"parsed_md": "How I handled my son's first broken bone - Today's Parent\n\nAn important message about a possible Canada Post Labour Disruption. Learn\nMore ×\n\nSign In\n\n * Account\n * Sign Out\n\nSubscribe\n\nSign In\n\nSubscribe\n\nFollow Us\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest Pin It\n\nTwitter\n\nInstagram (follow only)\n\n * Home\n * Blogs\n * Run-at-home mom\n * How I handled my son's first broken bone\n\n# How I handled my son’s first broken bone\n\n##\n\nJennifer Pinarski shares how she handled her son’s first broken bone.\n\n#####\n\nJul 15, 2013\n\nJennifer Pinarski 1\n\nDespite his arm cast, Isaac stays active. Photo: Jennifer Pinarski.\n\nFollow along as Jennifer Pinarski shares her experiences about giving up her\nbig city job and lifestyle to live in rural Ontario with her husband, while\nstaying home to raise their two young children.\n\nLast month, my six-year-old son fractured his pinky finger while on a school\ntrip. I’m told that, for the most part, broken fingers are not a big deal —\nand since children’s bones heal so quickly, they are rarely set and cast by a\ndoctor. However, in the case of Isaac’s injury — he corkscrewed down a slide —\nhe fractured it in such a way that letting it heal on its own would mean that\nhe’d lose proper function of his finger. On the afternoon we left the hospital\nER with little more than a splint on my son’s finger, the two of us were in\ntears — him because he thought his summer was ruined and me because I couldn’t\ntell him with 100 percent certainty that everything would be OK.\n\nHowever, after pressuring the hospital’s patient relations department and\ngetting the nerve and hand specialist’s direct telephone number, I was able to\nmove my son’s consult from four weeks away to just seven days from the time it\nwas first injured. And it was a good thing, too — if it had taken any longer\nsurgeons would have had to cut open his hand and wire the bones together\nproperly. On the downside, because Isaac’s bone wasn’t set properly in the ER,\nwhat should have only been two weeks in a splint now means six weeks in a\ncast.\n\nIt was a frustrating few days of phone calls to specialists while reassuring\nIsaac that he could still have fun on summer vacation. Here are the valuable\nlessons I’ve learned from our family’s first experience with a broken bone.\n\n1\\. Trust your gut: I knew that something was messed up about Isaac’s hand and\nimmediately went into Mama Bear mode until I got answers that made me happy.\n\n2\\. Ask for help: In my case, I reached out to Twitter and Facebook to ask\nother moms for advice on how to speed up the consult process. Mara Shapiro,\nyou rock.\n\n3\\. Apologize and thank everyone: Our family doctor took the brunt of my\nfrustration and it was important to me to call him back to not only thank him\nfor his support, but to apologize for being a little too bearish. The hand\nspecialist we are seeing and the orthos at the cast clinic have been helpful\nand patient with all of my questions.\n\n4\\. Pay extra for a fibreglass cast: At two weeks post-injury, Isaac’s plaster\nhalf-cast was changed to a full cast. We had the option of choosing either a\nfree plaster cast or to pay extra for a fibreglass cast. We opted to pay $45\nfor a fibreglass cast. While not waterproof, it is lighter and more durable\nthan a plaster cast.\n\n5\\. Make having a cast fun: I think my son is an exception in that he hates\nhis cast and the attention it brings him. The day before a scheduled pool\nparty, he was in tears because he didn’t want to have a black garbage bag and\nduct tape wrapped around his arm since he thought people would make fun of\nhim. We bought colourful Sharpie markers to decorate his cast with, and clear\nplastic bags and patterned duct tape to protect his cast when he plays in\nwater.\n\n6\\. Don’t expect broken bones to slow a kid down: I thought my active-yet-\ncautious son would spend his recovery time reading and drawing pictures, but I\nwas wrong. He’s still riding his bike, building forts, playing in splash pads\nand even teaching himself how to skateboard. I’m by no means a Helicopter\nParent, but I have to remind myself that he’s an active boy and his injury is\nnow very well protected.\n\nHave your kids broken any bones? What advice would do you have for other\nparents?\n\nshares\n\nShare:\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nEmail\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## One comment on “How I handled my son’s first broken bone”\n\n 1. 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}
] |
653,811 | How To Roll out Dough | To roll out dough, lightly flour the rolling pin and a flat surface in your kitchen. Next, roll the dough into a large ball, place it in the middle of the floured space, and press the ball down with your hands until it's about 1 inch thick. Then, place the rolling pin on top of the flattened dough, press down, and let the pin rotate as you push it. Start in the middle with each stroke and roll out the dough away from you until it's as thin as you need for your recipe. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200803235509/https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200404185221/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210422171917/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200809121451/https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200215214934/https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200511065515/https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry"
] | train | 2,528 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200803235509/https://www.cooksillustrated.com/how_tos/5780-the-right-way-to-roll-out-pie-dough",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough",
"passages": [
"The right strategy is the secret to rolling out pie dough that’s an even thickness throughout and won’t tear when you transfer it to the pie dish.",
"Avoiding It: Start with very cold dough, work as quickly as possible, and make sure to lift and turn dough as you roll.",
"Solving It: Add more flour to counter each time you lift dough to turn it; add more to top of dough as necessary. If dough still sticks, transfer to rimmed baking sheet and refrigerate until firm, about 15 minutes.",
"Two key pointers to keep in mind when rolling dough: First, always work with well-chilled pastry; otherwise, the dough will stick to the counter and tear. Second, never roll out dough by rolling back and forth over the same section; each time you press on the same spot, more gluten develops that can toughen the dough. Here’s our method:",
"Place well-chilled dough on floured counter and sprinkle lightly with flour. Place tapered rolling pin in center of dough with ends at 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock and roll dough outward from center to edge, applying even, gentle pressure.",
"Using dough scraper, lift and turn dough 90 degrees. Roll outward again from center, making sure to keep hands at 9 and 3 positions. Lightly flour underneath dough as necessary to prevent sticking.",
"Repeat rolling and turning steps (keeping hands at 9 and 3) until dough is wide enough to overhang pie plate by 4 inches."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough | Cook's Illustrated\n\nSkip to main content\n\nMenu\n\nClose\n\nUpgrade\n\nFree Trial\n\nLog in\n\nAccount Account\n\nSearch\n\nToday Only! Save 43% on our Top Rated Air Fryer!\n\nOur Sites Our Sites\n\nFavorites\n\nFree Trial\n\nSupport\n\nLog In\n\nAccount Account\n\nUpgrade\n\nMenu\n\nRegister Now Find TV Listings\n\nRegister Now Find TV Listings\n\nClose\n\n# The Right Way to Roll Out Pie Dough\n\nThe right strategy is the secret to rolling out pie dough that’s an even\nthickness throughout and won’t tear when you transfer it to the pie dish.\n\nProblem: Dough is not round.\n\nAvoiding It: Start with dough formed into a flat, even disk and check often as\nyou roll.\n\nSolving It: Use your hands or bench scraper to push in dough and round out\ncircle.\n\nProblem: Dough sticks to counter.\n\nAvoiding It: Start with very cold dough, work as quickly as possible, and make\nsure to lift and turn dough as you roll.\n\nSolving It: Add more flour to counter each time you lift dough to turn it; add\nmore to top of dough as necessary. If dough still sticks, transfer to rimmed\nbaking sheet and refrigerate until firm, about 15 minutes.\n\nTwo key pointers to keep in mind when rolling dough: First, always work with\nwell-chilled pastry; otherwise, the dough will stick to the counter and tear.\nSecond, never roll out dough by rolling back and forth over the same section;\neach time you press on the same spot, more gluten develops that can toughen\nthe dough. Here’s our method:\n\n 1. Place well-chilled dough on floured counter and sprinkle lightly with flour. Place tapered rolling pin in center of dough with ends at 9 o’clock and 3 o’clock and roll dough outward from center to edge, applying even, gentle pressure.\n\n 1. Using dough scraper, lift and turn dough 90 degrees. Roll outward again from center, making sure to keep hands at 9 and 3 positions. Lightly flour underneath dough as necessary to prevent sticking.\n\n 1. Repeat rolling and turning steps (keeping hands at 9 and 3) until dough is wide enough to overhang pie plate by 4 inches.\n\n### See Also\n\nRecipeFoolproof Pie Dough for Dou...\n\nHow ToTransferring Pie Dough\n\nHow ToFitting Pie Dough\n\nHow ToKeys to Foolproof Pie Dough\n\n## Recommended Reading\n\n### TRENDING NOW\n\nSign up for our cooking newsletter\n\n## Websites\n\n## Magazines\n\n## Customer Service\n\n## Corporate\n\n© 2020 America's Test Kitchen. All rights reserved.\n\n## A family of brands trusted by millions of home cooks\n\nLearn real cooking skills from your favorite food experts\n\nThe iconic magazine that investigates how and why recipes work\n\nAmerican classics, everyday favorites, and the stories behind them\n\nExperts teach 200+ online courses for home cooks at every skill level\n\nKid tested, kid approved: Welcome to America’s Test Kitchen for the next\ngeneration\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200404185221/https://www.bbcgoodfood.com/videos/techniques/how-roll-pastry",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to roll pastry",
"passages": [
"Dust the work surface lightly with flour. Put pastry on it and sprinkle a little flour on top. Try to avoid using more flour than you need as the pastry will become too dry.",
"Use your rolling pin to press down on the pastry, making little grooves. Turn 90 degrees and repeat until the pastry is about twice its original diameter.",
"Sprinkle a little more flour underneath if necessary and begin to roll out the pastry gently, turning every so often until it's large enough to fit your tin with a slight overhang.",
"Put the pastry into the tin, topside down. Once the pastry is gently laid over, push it into the tin with your hands. Use a small ball of the excess pastry to help push the pastry into the corners.",
"If the pastry starts to go soft, slide it onto a baking sheet and put it back into the fridge for a few minutes to firm up.",
"As well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it. From tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and nutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.",
"We are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy recipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews, foodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re here to help.",
"All our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for your kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating, so we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.",
"Love the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your thoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as possible.",
"* More recipes\n* Get in touch\n* Subscribe to the magazine\n* BBC Good Food events\n* Good Food TV channel"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to roll pastry | BBC Good Food\n\nBBC Good Food\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## My Good Food\n\nCreate an account\n\nSign in\n\nShopping List\n\n# How to roll pastry\n\nHow to roll out your pastry and line a round, fluted tin.\n\nShare:\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n * Email\n\n## Points to remember\n\n * Dust the work surface lightly with flour. Put pastry on it and sprinkle a little flour on top. Try to avoid using more flour than you need as the pastry will become too dry.\n * Use your rolling pin to press down on the pastry, making little grooves. Turn 90 degrees and repeat until the pastry is about twice its original diameter.\n * Sprinkle a little more flour underneath if necessary and begin to roll out the pastry gently, turning every so often until it's large enough to fit your tin with a slight overhang.\n * Place the rolling pin at the far end of the pastry and flip it over the rolling pin.\n * Put the pastry into the tin, topside down. Once the pastry is gently laid over, push it into the tin with your hands. Use a small ball of the excess pastry to help push the pastry into the corners.\n * Trim the edges.\n\n * ### Tip\n\n#### Rolling out pastry\n\nIf the pastry starts to go soft, slide it onto a baking sheet and put it back\ninto the fridge for a few minutes to firm up.\n\n## Recipes using this technique\n\n * ### Chocolate & hazelnut praline tart\n\n4.42857\n\n(14 ratings)\n\n * ### Leek, mushroom & gruyère quiche\n\n4.55932\n\n(59 ratings)\n\n## Skills & know how\n\nAs well as helping you decide what to cook we can also help you to cook it.\nFrom tips on cookery techniques to facts and information about health and\nnutrition, we’ve a wealth of foodie know how for you to explore.\n\nSee our how to section...\n\n## About BBC Good Food\n\nWe are the UK’s number one food brand. Whether you’re looking for healthy\nrecipes and guides, family projects and meal plans, the latest gadget reviews,\nfoodie travel inspiration or just the perfect recipe for dinner tonight, we’re\nhere to help.\n\n## Our recipes\n\nAll our recipes are tested thoroughly by us to make sure they’re suitable for\nyour kitchen at home. We know many of you are concerned about healthy eating,\nso we send them to a qualified nutritionist for thorough analysis too.\n\nStart browsing our recipes now\n\n## Tell us what you think...\n\nLove the new look or think we’ve missed the mark? We want to hear your\nthoughts – good and bad – to make sure we make the new website as useful as\npossible.\n\nGet in touch\n\n## Magazine\n\nSubscribe to BBC Good Food magazine and get triple-tested recipes delivered to\nyour door, every month.\n\nOrder today!\n\n## Events\n\nDiscover a BBC Good Food Show near you.\n\nBook tickets now\n\n## On TV\n\nSee your favourite chefs on Sky Channel 133, BT 313 and find their recipes at\ngoodfoodchannel.co.uk\n\n## Follow us\n\nJoin the BBC Good Food community by following us on Facebook, Twitter,\nPinterest, Instagram and Google Plus.\n\nFind out more here\n\n * More recipes\n * Get in touch\n * Subscribe to the magazine\n * BBC Good Food events\n * Good Food TV channel\n\n####\n\nThis website is published by Immediate Media Company Limited under licence\nfrom BBC Studios Distribution.\n\n© Immediate Media Company Limited, 2020\n\n * Site terms\n * Privacy policy\n * Manage cookies\n * Cookies policy\n * Complaints\n * Contact us\n * Advertise with us\n\nWant to receive regular food and recipe web notifications from us?\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422171917/https://www.realsimple.com/food-recipes/cooking-tips-techniques/baking/roll-out-pie-crust",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Roll Out a Piecrust Video and Steps",
"passages": [
"Flour your rolling surface and rolling pin Place a well-chilled piece of dough shaped into a disk onto a floured surface. Dust the rolling pin and your fingers with flour to prevent sticking.",
"Roll out the dough, rotating the dough as you go Applying even pressure, press your rolling pin into the dough, rolling away from you and back. Rotate the disk as you go, and flip it over occasionally, to create an even circle. When the dough starts to feel sticky, apply a light dusting of flour. When the dough is a little less than a quarter of an inch thick, place your pie plate in the center of the dough, face up, to check that the dough you’ve rolled out is large enough to fit the dish.",
"Transfer the dough into the pie plate Flip the rolled dough in half toward you, creating a half-moon shape, and lift it over the plate. Set it down so that it covers half the plate; then open it so it forms a circle again and covers the entire pie plate.",
"Press the dough into the pie plate With your fingertips, gently push the pie dough into the bottom and sides of the plate.",
"Trim the edges Use a scissor to cut any extra dough along the edge, leaving a 1/2-inch border. Fold the edge of the dough underneath itself so that it creates a thicker, 1/4-inch border that rests on the lip of the plate.",
"Crimp the edges Create a patterned edge by pressing the thumb of one hand against the edge of the dough from the outside of the dish while gently pressing with the thumb and forefinger of the other hand from the inside. Rotate the pie plate until you’ve completed the pattern along the entire edge.",
"MeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real Simple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in this email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Real Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in whole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Roll Out a Piecrust Video and Steps | Real Simple\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Real Simple\n\nReal Simple Real Simple\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * My Account\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Free Organizing App this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\nLIVE\n\n# How To: Roll Out a Piecrust\n\nRolling out a crust doesn’t have to be daunting. Watch this easy-to-follow,\nstep-by-step video.\n\nBy Real Simple\n\nUpdated September 26, 2016\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\nRolling out a crust doesn’t have to be daunting. Watch this easy-to-follow,\nstep-by-step video.\n\n## What You Need\n\n * pie dough, rolling pin, pie plate, flour\n\n## Follow These Steps\n\n 1. Flour your rolling surface and rolling pin Place a well-chilled piece of dough shaped into a disk onto a floured surface. Dust the rolling pin and your fingers with flour to prevent sticking.\n 2. Roll out the dough, rotating the dough as you go Applying even pressure, press your rolling pin into the dough, rolling away from you and back. Rotate the disk as you go, and flip it over occasionally, to create an even circle. When the dough starts to feel sticky, apply a light dusting of flour. When the dough is a little less than a quarter of an inch thick, place your pie plate in the center of the dough, face up, to check that the dough you’ve rolled out is large enough to fit the dish.\n 3. Transfer the dough into the pie plate Flip the rolled dough in half toward you, creating a half-moon shape, and lift it over the plate. Set it down so that it covers half the plate; then open it so it forms a circle again and covers the entire pie plate.\n 4. Press the dough into the pie plate With your fingertips, gently push the pie dough into the bottom and sides of the plate.\n 5. Trim the edges Use a scissor to cut any extra dough along the edge, leaving a 1/2-inch border. Fold the edge of the dough underneath itself so that it creates a thicker, 1/4-inch border that rests on the lip of the plate.\n 6. Crimp the edges Create a patterned edge by pressing the thumb of one hand against the edge of the dough from the outside of the dish while gently pressing with the thumb and forefinger of the other hand from the inside. Rotate the pie plate until you’ve completed the pattern along the entire edge.\n\nTip: Bake the crust right away, or refrigerate or freeze it for later use.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Real Simple\n\n * Bakeware Sets\n * Cake Pans\n * Muffin Pans\n * Baking Dishes\n * Silicone Molds\n * Rolling Pins\n * Cookie Cutters\n * Cooling Racks\n * Baking Mats\n * Cookie Cutters\n * Shop More\n\nReal Simple may receive compensation when you click through and purchase from\nlinks contained on this website.\n\nReal Simple\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithAll products and services featured are selected by our editors. Real\nSimple may receive compensation for some links to products and services in\nthis email on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice.\nReal Simple is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab. All Rights Reserved. Reproduction in\nwhole or in part without permission is prohibited. Privacy Policythis link\nopens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis\nlink opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window\nWeb Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.realsimple.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow To: Roll Out a Piecrust\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200809121451/https://www.finecooking.com/article/how-to-roll-out-perfect-piecrust",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to roll out perfect piecrust",
"passages": [
"There’s no denying it: Piecrusts are one of the hardest things for a home cook to master. When it comes to rolling them out, experience counts for a lot, but good techniques are crucial, too. Here are some of our best pointers for rolling out lovely, even rounds of dough.",
"If it’s too warm and soft, it’ll stick like crazy to the rolling pin and the work surface, forcing you to add too much flour as you work it. Dough that’s too cold and hard resists rolling and cracks if you try to force it. Press the dough lightly to check its rolling readiness— your fingertips should leave an imprint but shouldn’t easily sink into the dough.",
"Start with the rolling pin in the center of your dough disk. Roll toward 12 o’clock, easing up on the pressure as you near the edge (this keeps the edge from getting too thin). Pick up the pin and return it to center. Roll toward 6 o’clock, as shown at right. Repeat this motion toward 3 and then 9 o’clock, always easing up the pressure near the edges and then picking up the pin rather than rolling it back to center. Continue to roll around the clock, aiming for different “times” (like 1, 7, 4, 10) on each round.",
"Turn the dough and check often for sticking. After each round of the clock, run a bench knife underneath the dough (below left), to make sure it’s not sticking, and reflour the surface if necessary. When you do this, give the dough a quarter turn—most people inevitably use uneven pressure when rolling in one direction versus another, so the occasional turn helps average it out for a more even thickness. Continue to turn and roll until the dough is the right width and thickness (below right).",
"Even dough that’s at the perfect temperature needs a little extra flour to keep it from sticking, but try not to use more than you really need—the more extra flour you work into the dough as you roll it, the drier and tougher the crust will be.",
"Beyond the usual lightly floured countertop, other options for rolling surfaces include a pastry cloth (our current favorite, shown in the photos above, especially when paired with a cloth rolling pin cover), a silicone rolling mat (brand name Roul’Pat, available online at DemarleUSA.com), and sheets of parchment, waxed paper, or plastic wrap. Choose whichever one you like best.",
"Rolling the lamb around the filling means you get some of those bright flavors in just about every bite. For the best flavor, stuff the lamb the day before you..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to roll out perfect piecrust - Article - FineCooking\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * How-to\n * Ingredients\n * Videos\n * Magazine\n * Holidays\n * Collections\n * More\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nSubscribe\n\nSubscribe\n\nFine Cooking\n\nSubscribe\n\nSign Up| Login\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * How-to\n * Ingredients\n * Videos\n * Magazine\n * Holidays\n * Collections\n * More\n\nAdvanced Search\n\nFine Cooking\n\nSubscribe\n\nArticle\n\n# How to roll out perfect piecrust\n\nBy Jennifer Armentrout Fine Cooking Issue 88\n\nPhotos: Scott Phillips\n\nSave to Recipe Box\n\nPrint\n\nAdd Private Note\n\nSaved Add to List\n\n### Add to List\n\nPrint\n\nAdd Recipe Note\n\n### Most Popular\n\n 1. ## Potato Gnocchi Recipe\n\n 2. ## Basic Iced Tea\n\n 3. ## Classic Tomato Soup Recipe\n\n 4. ## Oven-Roasted Eggplant Recipe\n\n 5. ## Osso Buco Recipe\n\nThere’s no denying it: Piecrusts are one of the hardest things for a home cook\nto master. When it comes to rolling them out, experience counts for a lot, but\ngood techniques are crucial, too. Here are some of our best pointers for\nrolling out lovely, even rounds of dough.\n\n### Start with dough at the right temperature\n\nIf it’s too warm and soft, it’ll stick like crazy to the rolling pin and the\nwork surface, forcing you to add too much flour as you work it. Dough that’s\ntoo cold and hard resists rolling and cracks if you try to force it. Press the\ndough lightly to check its rolling readiness— your fingertips should leave an\nimprint but shouldn’t easily sink into the dough.\n\n### Roll around the clock\n\nStart with the rolling pin in the center of your dough disk. Roll toward 12\no’clock, easing up on the pressure as you near the edge (this keeps the edge\nfrom getting too thin). Pick up the pin and return it to center. Roll toward 6\no’clock, as shown at right. Repeat this motion toward 3 and then 9 o’clock,\nalways easing up the pressure near the edges and then picking up the pin\nrather than rolling it back to center. Continue to roll around the clock,\naiming for different “times” (like 1, 7, 4, 10) on each round.\n\nTurn the dough and check often for sticking. After each round of the clock,\nrun a bench knife underneath the dough (below left), to make sure it’s not\nsticking, and reflour the surface if necessary. When you do this, give the\ndough a quarter turn—most people inevitably use uneven pressure when rolling\nin one direction versus another, so the occasional turn helps average it out\nfor a more even thickness. Continue to turn and roll until the dough is the\nright width and thickness (below right).\n\n### Go easy on the flour\n\nEven dough that’s at the perfect temperature needs a little extra flour to\nkeep it from sticking, but try not to use more than you really need—the more\nextra flour you work into the dough as you roll it, the drier and tougher the\ncrust will be.\n\n### Try an alternative rolling surface\n\nBeyond the usual lightly floured countertop, other options for rolling\nsurfaces include a pastry cloth (our current favorite, shown in the photos\nabove, especially when paired with a cloth rolling pin cover), a silicone\nrolling mat (brand name Roul’Pat, available online at DemarleUSA.com), and\nsheets of parchment, waxed paper, or plastic wrap. Choose whichever one you\nlike best.\n\n### Use the fewest possible passes of the rolling pin\n\nOverworked dough equals tough crust, so the less you have to work it during\nrolling, the better.\n\n#### Private Notes\n\nEdit| Delete\n\n### Comments\n\n### Leave a Comment\n\n### Comments\n\n### Leave A Comment\n\nCancel reply\n\n# What We're Cooking Now\n\n * Collection\n\n## 15 Cocktails To Make Summer a Little Cooler\n\n * Collection\n\n## The 25 Best Burgers On the Block\n\n * How-To\n\n## How to Make Crostatas\n\nBy Domenica Marchetti\n\n * Collection\n\n## Grocery Shortages? DIY Staples To the Rescue!\n\n * Collection\n\n## Work-From-Home Lunches\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Pinsa with Asparagus and Prosciutto\n\nBy John Regefalk, Katie Parla\n\n * How-To\n\n## Grilling Big\n\nBy Tony Rosenfeld\n\n# Find the inspiration you crave for your love of cooking\n\n## Subscribe today and save up to 44%\n\nSubscribe\n\nAlready a subscriber? 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For the best flavor, stuff the lamb the day before\nyou...\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Roasted Uncured Ham with Mustard-Herb Crust\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Personal Pavlovas\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Cloud Eggs with Spinach Salad\n\n * Recipe\n\n## Baked Eggs with Spicy Tomato Sauce, Chickpeas, and Mozzarella\n\n### Connect\n\n#### Follow Fine Cooking on your favorite social networks\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n * Twitter\n\n# Fine Cooking Magazine\n\n * June/July 2020\n\n## How to Make Pinsa\n\n * View Full Issue\n * View Issue Archive\n * Subscribe\n * Renew\n\n * April/May 2020\n\n## Spring Vegetables and Seafood, Better Together\n\n * February/March 2020\n\n## How To Make Whole-Grain Pasta From Scratch\n\n * December 2019/January 2020\n\n## Rule The Roast\n\n### Follow\n\n### Newsletter\n\n#### Love to cook? 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To keep reading, subscribe\ntoday.\n\nGet the print magazine, 25 years of back issues online, over 7,000 recipes,\nand more.\n\nStart your FREE trial\n\nAlready a subscriber? Log in\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200215214934/https://www.epicurious.com/expert-advice/how-to-roll-out-pie-dough-crust-article",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust",
"passages": [
"Whether it's fear of overworking the dough, or worries about crimping the crust, too many home cooks avoid learning how to roll out pie dough and crust. But armed with a great dough recipe (like this one!), and the right tips, anyone can nail the perfect summer pie. And once you do, there's no turning back to the pre-made pie pies.",
"Although most pie dough recipes suggest a range when it comes to the water amount, we're a fan of this recipe which uses apple cider vinegar and 1/4 cup ice water to create the ideal moist texture. Mix it in a food processor until the dough just forms, then shape it into a wide, flat disk and let it chill for at least an hour. Resting is key! Allowing time for the gluten to relax and all the water to absorb helps keep the dough pliable.",
"Choose a cool, large surface to roll out your dough. Lightly flour the work surface and rolling pin and working quickly, gently begin to roll the dough from the center outward. Apply even pressure and rotate the dough a quarter turn after every few passes, flipping the dough over occasionally and adding more flour as necessary.",
"If the dough starts to warm up and becomes too difficult to handle, place it on a cutting board or baking sheet and chill for 10 to 15 minutes. Then proceed with rolling it out. The dough should be 1/8\" thick and 1\" wider than the pie plate. Here's a pro tip on measuring the dough's thickness: stack two quarters next to the dough. That heigh is roughly equivalent to 1/8 of an inch, the Epi Test Kitchen's recommended thickness for pie dough.",
"Once the dough is the correct size—place the pie dish on top to check—use a pastry brush to remove any excess flour.",
"To transfer the dough into the pie dish, generously flour the rolling pin to avoid sticking, then carefully roll the dough around the pin. Starting at the top of the pie dish, slowly unroll it, centering it in the dish.",
"Use the pads of your fingers to gently press the dough into the pie dish. Don't pull or stretch the dough, just let it settle into place. If your kitchen is particularly warm and the dough feels very soft and pliable, stick it in the refrigerator for 10 minutes.",
"When the dough is completely set into the dish and patched, leave 1\" of dough hanging over the edge, and trim any excess dough. Tuck the dough under itself to create a thick perimeter border for crimping or finishing as desired.",
"Finish the edges as desired. For any easy design, use a fork to create cross hatches or other designs. For a traditional crimped look, press the index finger of one hand between the index finger and thumb of another to create a fluted texture. When the pie crust is finished, chill at least 30 minutes to set the pie dough.",
"While the crust is chilling, prepare your filling. Just before baking, you can also brush the crust with egg wash and coarse sugar to given it extra shine. Bake the pie according to whatever recipe you're making.",
"Now that you know how to roll out pie dough and crust like a baking pro, do it every day! Do it every which way! Peach pie! Blueberry pie! Strawberry pie! Tomato pie! The world of pie is your oyster!",
"Since 1995, Epicurious has been the ultimate food resource for the home cook, with daily kitchen tips, fun cooking videos, and, oh yeah, over 33,000 recipes.",
"© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights. Epicurious may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust | Epicurious\n\nSkip to main content\n\nHow to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust\n\nMore\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes & Menus\n * Expert Advice\n * Ingredients\n * Holidays & Events\n * Video\n\nPie\n\n# How to Roll Out Pie Dough and Crust\n\nIt's pie season! Here's your guide to rolling that dough out right.\n\nBy Katherine Sacks\n\nJune 9, 2017\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\nWhether it's fear of overworking the dough, or worries about crimping the\ncrust, too many home cooks avoid learning how to roll out pie dough and crust.\nBut armed with a great dough recipe (like this one!), and the right tips,\nanyone can nail the perfect summer pie. And once you do, there's no turning\nback to the pre-made pie pies.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 1\\. Start With The Right Dough\n\nAlthough most pie dough recipes suggest a range when it comes to the water\namount, we're a fan of this recipe which uses apple cider vinegar and 1/4 cup\nice water to create the ideal moist texture. Mix it in a food processor until\nthe dough just forms, then shape it into a wide, flat disk and let it chill\nfor at least an hour. Resting is key! Allowing time for the gluten to relax\nand all the water to absorb helps keep the dough pliable.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, Food Styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 2\\. Gently Roll it Out\n\nChoose a cool, large surface to roll out your dough. Lightly flour the work\nsurface and rolling pin and working quickly, gently begin to roll the dough\nfrom the center outward. Apply even pressure and rotate the dough a quarter\nturn after every few passes, flipping the dough over occasionally and adding\nmore flour as necessary.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 3\\. Brush It Off\n\nIf the dough starts to warm up and becomes too difficult to handle, place it\non a cutting board or baking sheet and chill for 10 to 15 minutes. Then\nproceed with rolling it out. The dough should be 1/8\" thick and 1\" wider than\nthe pie plate. Here's a pro tip on measuring the dough's thickness: stack two\nquarters next to the dough. That heigh is roughly equivalent to 1/8 of an\ninch, the Epi Test Kitchen's recommended thickness for pie dough.\n\nOnce the dough is the correct size—place the pie dish on top to check—use a\npastry brush to remove any excess flour.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 4\\. Roll It Up\n\nTo transfer the dough into the pie dish, generously flour the rolling pin to\navoid sticking, then carefully roll the dough around the pin. Starting at the\ntop of the pie dish, slowly unroll it, centering it in the dish.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 5\\. Press It In\n\nUse the pads of your fingers to gently press the dough into the pie dish.\nDon't pull or stretch the dough, just let it settle into place. If your\nkitchen is particularly warm and the dough feels very soft and pliable, stick\nit in the refrigerator for 10 minutes.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## 6\\. Patch It\n\nIf any tears or holes form, patch them with extra scraps of dough.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 7\\. Trim It\n\nWhen the dough is completely set into the dish and patched, leave 1\" of dough\nhanging over the edge, and trim any excess dough. Tuck the dough under itself\nto create a thick perimeter border for crimping or finishing as desired.\n\nPhoto by Chelsea Kyle, food styling by Katherine Sacks\n\n## 8\\. Crimp the Crust\n\nFinish the edges as desired. For any easy design, use a fork to create cross\nhatches or other designs. For a traditional crimped look, press the index\nfinger of one hand between the index finger and thumb of another to create a\nfluted texture. When the pie crust is finished, chill at least 30 minutes to\nset the pie dough.\n\n## 9\\. Fill and Bake\n\nWhile the crust is chilling, prepare your filling. Just before baking, you can\nalso brush the crust with egg wash and coarse sugar to given it extra shine.\nBake the pie according to whatever recipe you're making.\n\nNow that you know how to roll out pie dough and crust like a baking pro, do it\nevery day! Do it every which way! Peach pie! Blueberry pie! Strawberry pie!\nTomato pie! The world of pie is your oyster!\n\nTagsPieHow ToSummerFruitBake\n\nSince 1995, Epicurious has been the ultimate food resource for the home cook,\nwith daily kitchen tips, fun cooking videos, and, oh yeah, over 33,000\nrecipes.\n\n© 2020 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated 1/1/20) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated 1/1/20) and Your California Privacy Rights.\nEpicurious may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased\nthrough our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The\nmaterial on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached\nor otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad\nChoices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200511065515/https://www.bbc.co.uk/food/techniques/rolling_pastry",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Rolling out pastry",
"passages": [
"Pick up the just-made pastry and shape it to match the tin. Some people prefer to chill the pastry but it is fine to use just-made.",
"Lightly flour the rolling pin and start to roll. Keep rolling and turning the pastry until it’s 3mm thick. (If you tear it, just press it back together with your fingertips.)",
"Press it into the corners of the tin from the top down, pushing it into the grooves on the side of the tin.",
"Pinch off any excess pastry, leaving 5mm extra above the tin to allow for shrinkage during cooking. Some people like to use a knife to trim off the excess but using your fingers works best.",
"Copyright © 2020 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external sites. Read about our approach to external linking."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Rolling out pastry - BBC Food\n\nHomepage\n\n## Accessibility links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Accessibility Help\n\nBBC Account\n\nNotifications\n\nSearch\n\nFood\n\n# Rolling out pastry\n\n## Skill level\n\nEasy\n\n## Equipment you will need for this technique\n\nRolling pin\n\nPrepared tin\n\nGet even results when rolling out pastry with our short video taking you\nthrough the steps.\n\nLightly dust the work surface with flour.\n\nPick up the just-made pastry and shape it to match the tin. Some people prefer\nto chill the pastry but it is fine to use just-made.\n\nLightly flour the rolling pin and start to roll. Keep rolling and turning the\npastry until it’s 3mm thick. (If you tear it, just press it back together with\nyour fingertips.)\n\nLift the pastry onto the rolling pin and drape it over the tin.\n\nPress it into the corners of the tin from the top down, pushing it into the\ngrooves on the side of the tin.\n\nPinch off any excess pastry, leaving 5mm extra above the tin to allow for\nshrinkage during cooking. Some people like to use a knife to trim off the\nexcess but using your fingers works best.\n\nIf baking blind, prick the base of the case all over with a fork.\n\nChill the pastry case for at least 30 minutes before cooking.\n\nIf baking blind, line the pastry case with baking paper and fill with baking\nbeans.\n\n## Recipes using this technique\n\nFeaturedAll\n\n### Apricot and almond tart with brown bread and banana ice cream\n\nby Jack Monroe\n\nDesserts\n\n### Vegan pastry\n\nby Justine Pattison\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Gluten-free quiche\n\nby Annie Rigg\n\nMain course\n\n### Easter spinach pie (torta pasquale)\n\nby Gennaro Contaldo\n\nMain course\n\n### Mini beef Wellingtons\n\nby Martha Collison\n\nStarters & nibbles\n\n### Celebration celeriac and sweet garlic pie\n\nby Anna Jones\n\nMain course\n\n### Mini chestnut, apple and spinach Wellingtons\n\nby Lorraine Pascale\n\nMain course\n\n### Mincemeat and marzipan tart\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Proper apple pie\n\nby Mary Henry\n\nDesserts\n\n### Perfect apple pie\n\nby The Hairy Bikers\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Snowman Christmas cookies\n\nby Jayne Cross\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Homemade mince pies\n\nby Thane Prince\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Salmon en croûte\n\nby Nigel Slater\n\nMain course\n\n### Chicken and bacon pie\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nMain course\n\n### Quiche Lorraine\n\nby James Martin\n\nMain course\n\n### Steak and kidney pudding\n\nby The Hairy Bikers\n\nMain course\n\n### Easy Bakewell tart\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Lemon meringue pie\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nDesserts\n\n### French apple tart\n\nby Michel Roux Jr.\n\nDesserts\n\n### Feather-topped Bakewell tart\n\nby Mary Berry\n\nCakes and baking\n\n### Potato and butter pie with mushroom gravy and wilted spinach\n\nby The Hairy Bikers\n\nMain course\n\n### Steak and kidney pie\n\nby Antony Worrall Thompson\n\nMain course\n\n### Mushroom and ale pie\n\nby Justine Pattison\n\nMain course\n\n### Traditional chicken pie\n\nby Elaine Wilson\n\nMain course\n\nFAQs about BBC Food\n\n## Find us here\n\n## Explore the BBC\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Sport\n * Weather\n * iPlayer\n * Sounds\n * CBBC\n * CBeebies\n * Food\n * Bitesize\n * Arts\n * Taster\n * Local\n * Three\n\n * Terms of Use\n * About the BBC\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookies\n * Accessibility Help\n * Parental Guidance\n * Contact the BBC\n * Get Personalised Newsletters\n\nCopyright © 2020 BBC. The BBC is not responsible for the content of external\nsites. Read about our approach to external linking.\n\n"
}
] |
124,661 | How To Deal With Car Sickness | To deal with car sickness, get some fresh air by opening a window or stopping the car briefly so you can get out and walk around for a few minutes. If you're unable to stop, close your eyes or otherwise block your view of motion outside the car. You can also try munching on something dry, like crackers or bread, to alleviate symptoms. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150511010737/http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160814080752/http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150306102047/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170317151247/https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511230137/https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210225063736/https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/"
] | train | 1,437 | [
{
"original_url": "http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150511010737/http://exploreim.ucla.edu:80/chinese-medicine/acupressure-point-p6",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan • Explore Integrative Medicine",
"passages": [
"Nei Guan (P6 or PC6) is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach, motion sickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches. Nei Guan (P6) is located three finger breadths below the wrist on the inner forearm in between the two tendons. To find and use this acupressure point, (1) locate the point by turning your hands over so the palm is facing up then (2) apply downward pressure between the two tendons, massaging and stimulating the area for 4-5 seconds.",
"It is cited in many research studies that the stimulation of Nei Guan (P6) alleviates nausea and vomiting in pregnancy[1] and also helps prevent post- operative nausea and vomiting [2]. The Journal of Autonomic Neuroscience also published an article that showed P6 and Zu San Li (ST36) have a combined, synergistic effect on gastrointestinal motility [3]. In another study, Nei Guan has also been shown to help alleviate intractable hiccups [4].",
"Werntoft E, Dykes AK. Effect of acupressure on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. A randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study. J Reprod Med. 2001 Sep;46(9):835-9.",
"Nunley C, Wakim J, Guinn C J. The effects of stimulation of acupressure point p6 on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review of literature Perianesth Nurs. 2008 Aug;23(4):247-61.",
"Chang CC, et al. Resolution of intractable hiccups after near-infrared irradiation of relevant acupoints. American Journal of Medical Science. 2006 Aug; 332 (2):93-6."
]
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"parsed_md": "Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan • Explore Integrative Medicine\n\n * Learn all the ways you can help Explore IM\n * Contribute\n\n * Home\n * Topics\n * Research\n * News & Events\n * Multimedia\n * Resources\n\n### Chinese Medicine\n\n## Acupressure Point P6: Pericardium 6 or Nei Guan\n\nNei Guan is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach, motion\nsickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches\n\nNei Guan (P6 or PC6) is commonly used to help relieve nausea, upset stomach,\nmotion sickness, carpal tunnel syndrome, and headaches. Nei Guan (P6) is\nlocated three finger breadths below the wrist on the inner forearm in between\nthe two tendons. To find and use this acupressure point, (1) locate the point\nby turning your hands over so the palm is facing up then (2) apply downward\npressure between the two tendons, massaging and stimulating the area for 4-5\nseconds.\n\nThe point is located at the medial aspect of the hand.\n\nFour-finger space below the wrist.\n\nLocated in the depression between the tendons.\n\nApply pressure and massage for 4-5 seconds.\n\nIt is cited in many research studies that the stimulation of Nei Guan (P6)\nalleviates nausea and vomiting in pregnancy[1] and also helps prevent post-\noperative nausea and vomiting [2]. The Journal of Autonomic Neuroscience also\npublished an article that showed P6 and Zu San Li (ST36) have a combined,\nsynergistic effect on gastrointestinal motility [3]. In another study, Nei\nGuan has also been shown to help alleviate intractable hiccups [4].\n\nReferences\n\n 1. Werntoft E, Dykes AK. Effect of acupressure on nausea and vomiting during pregnancy. A randomized, placebo-controlled, pilot study. J Reprod Med. 2001 Sep;46(9):835-9.\n 2. Nunley C, Wakim J, Guinn C J. The effects of stimulation of acupressure point p6 on postoperative nausea and vomiting: a review of literature Perianesth Nurs. 2008 Aug;23(4):247-61.\n 3. Yin J, Chen JD. Gastrointestinal motility disorders and acupuncture. Auton Neurosci. 2010 Oct 28;157(1-2):31-7. Epub 2010 Apr 3.\n 4. Chang CC, et al. Resolution of intractable hiccups after near-infrared irradiation of relevant acupoints. American Journal of Medical Science. 2006 Aug; 332 (2):93-6.\n\n### Featured Multimedia\n\n * Three Leaders in Integrative Medicine - Part 1: Definition\n\nSign up to receive our e-mail updates\n\n### More Content in Chinese Medicine\n\n * How to Bridge Traditional Chinese and Western Medicines\n * Acupressure Point GB20: Gallbladder 20 or Feng Chi (Wind Pool)\n * Using Chinese Herbal Medicine for Hypoglycemic Research\n\n### Explore a Topic\n\n * Chinese Medicine\n\nAcupuncture, acupressure, and massage, along with issues facing TCM\ntranslations and development in the U.S. and worldwide.\n\n * About Explore IM\n * RSS Feed\n\n * Brought to you by UCLA Center for East-West Medicine\n * Copyright © 2015 UC Regents\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160814080752/http://www.drweil.com:80/drw/u/ART00390/Motion-Sickness.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide",
"passages": [
"The premier resource for timely, trustworthy information on natural health and wellness, based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D.",
"Created by Andrew Weil, M.D., the all-new Weil Vitamin Advisor is an exclusive online tool that asks questions about your diet and lifestyle, then uses your answers to create a customized supplement plan.",
"Based on his bestseller Healthy Aging, this online program created by Andrew Weil, M.D., features the Anti-Inflammatory Diet and tips on exercise, stress reduction and much more. Subscribe to enjoy optimal physical and mental health at any age.",
"This collection of simple, natural strategies and tools is based on the bestselling book Spontaneous Happiness by Andrew Weil, M.D. Subscribe to achieve optimal emotional well-being!",
"A wide selection of supplement packs designed by Drs. Andrew Weil and Tieraona Low Dog that can help you meet health goals including better sleep, digestion, energy and focus.",
"What is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in response to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary from mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.",
"What are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a feeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like feeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often includes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may become pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold sweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying of its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that continuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become intense and completely prevent normal functioning.",
"There is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some people are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots term these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation effect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion sickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the symptoms less severe, or even vanish.",
"What are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the body, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement such as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel turbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the motion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the movement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see only the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in reverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see movement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system (sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a central role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch) and visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in space.",
"What is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications commonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines. Anticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the parasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system) coming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness by influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.",
"Scopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed behind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally. For best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is typically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be taken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours. It tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is therefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch is put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry mouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a increased heart rate.",
"Antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) and cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine (Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion sickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and feeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less sedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.",
"Because the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of drowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive effect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these medications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central nervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous system should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to their doctor.",
"What therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to prevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what your inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front seat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least likely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head still by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a cabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as much time as possible on deck watching the horizon.",
"Dr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with great success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese fisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea. They have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces of the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow package directions carefully.",
"Another useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective than Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing drowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass of water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of powdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger candy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea caused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains ginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.",
"Finally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with motion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their queasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also, direct their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and make sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of objects is less.",
"Copyright © 2016 Weil Lifestyle Information on this web site is provided for informational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice provided by your physician or other healthcare professional. You should not use the information on this web site for diagnosing or treating a health problem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment.",
"This Site and third parties who place advertisements on this Site may collect and use information about your visits to this Site and other websites in order to provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you. If you would like to obtain more information about these advertising practices and to make choices about online behavioral advertising, please click here",
"What is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives conflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in response to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary from mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.",
"What are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a feeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like feeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often includes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may become pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold sweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying of its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that continuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become intense and completely prevent normal functioning.",
"There is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some people are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots term these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation effect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion sickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the symptoms less severe, or even vanish.",
"What are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the body, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement such as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel turbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the motion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the movement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see only the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in reverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see movement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system (sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a central role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch) and visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in space.",
"What is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications commonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines. Anticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the parasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system) coming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness by influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.",
"Scopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed behind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally. For best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is typically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be taken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours. It tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is therefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch is put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry mouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a increased heart rate.",
"Antihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine) and cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine (Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion sickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and feeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less sedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.",
"Because the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of drowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive effect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these medications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central nervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous system should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to their doctor.",
"What therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to prevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what your inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front seat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least likely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head still by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a cabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as much time as possible on deck watching the horizon.",
"Dr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with great success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese fisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea. They have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces of the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow package directions carefully.",
"Another useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective than Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing drowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass of water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of powdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger candy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea caused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains ginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.",
"Finally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with motion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their queasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also, direct their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and make sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of objects is less."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Motion Sickness - Dr. Weil's Condition Care Guide\n\n * DrWeil.com\n\n * The premier resource for timely, trustworthy information on natural health and wellness, based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D. \n--- \n * Weil Vitamin Advisor\n\n * Created by Andrew Weil, M.D., the all-new Weil Vitamin Advisor is an exclusive online tool that asks questions about your diet and lifestyle, then uses your answers to create a customized supplement plan. \n--- \n * Healthy Aging\n\n * Based on his bestseller Healthy Aging, this online program created by Andrew Weil, M.D., features the Anti-Inflammatory Diet and tips on exercise, stress reduction and much more. Subscribe to enjoy optimal physical and mental health at any age. \n--- \n * Spontaneous Happiness\n\n * This collection of simple, natural strategies and tools is based on the bestselling book Spontaneous Happiness by Andrew Weil, M.D. Subscribe to achieve optimal emotional well-being! \n--- \n * Vitamin Packs\n\n * A wide selection of supplement packs designed by Drs. Andrew Weil and Tieraona Low Dog that can help you meet health goals including better sleep, digestion, energy and focus. \n--- \n * Marketplace\n\n * A selection of products approved by Andrew Weil, M.D. that can help promote a healthy body, mind and spirit. \n--- \n * Dr. Weil's Blog\n\n * Based on the insights of Andrew Weil, M.D., DrWeilBlog.com offers simple, easily implemented advice on healthy living daily. \n--- \n\nadvertisement\n\n|\n\nRegister | Sign In\n\n|\n\nSign Up For Dr. Weil's Free Newsletters \n \n---|--- \n \n * Condition Care Guide\n * Aging Gracefully\n * Bone & Joint\n * Cancer\n * Colds & Flu\n * Diabetes\n * Gastrointestinal\n * Heart Health\n * Mental Health\n * Men's Health\n * Women's Health\n * Children's Health\n\nadvertisement\n\n| |\n\n## Condition Care Guide\n\n| Print this page || Sign up for free e-bulletins \n---|--- \n \n| Bookmark This Page \n \n# Motion Sickness\n\nWhat is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives\nconflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in\nresponse to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary\nfrom mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\n\nWhat are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a\nfeeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like\nfeeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often\nincludes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may\nbecome pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold\nsweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying\nof its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that\ncontinuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become\nintense and completely prevent normal functioning.\n\nThere is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some\npeople are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots\nterm these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation\neffect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion\nsickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the\nsymptoms less severe, or even vanish.\n\nWhat are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the\nbody, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement\nsuch as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel\nturbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the\nmotion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the\nmovement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see\nonly the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in\nreverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see\nmovement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system\n(sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a\ncentral role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch)\nand visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in\nspace.\n\nWhat is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications\ncommonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines.\nAnticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the\nparasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system)\ncoming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness\nby influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\n\nScopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed\nbehind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally.\nFor best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is\ntypically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be\ntaken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours.\nIt tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is\ntherefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch\nis put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry\nmouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a\nincreased heart rate.\n\nAntihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)\nand cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine\n(Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion\nsickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and\nfeeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less\nsedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\n\nBecause the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of\ndrowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive\neffect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these\nmedications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central\nnervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous\nsystem should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to\ntheir doctor.\n\nWhat therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to\nprevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what\nyour inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front\nseat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least\nlikely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head\nstill by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a\ncabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as\nmuch time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\n\nDr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with\ngreat success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese\nfisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea.\nThey have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces\nof the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow\npackage directions carefully.\n\nAnother useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective\nthan Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing\ndrowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass\nof water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of\npowdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger\ncandy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea\ncaused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains\nginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\n\nFinally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with\nmotion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their\nqueasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also,\ndirect their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and\nmake sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of\nobjects is less.\n\n|\n\nThe Weil Vitamin Advisor Get your FREE personalized vitamin recommendation &\nsupplement plan today!\n\nDr. Weil on Healthy Aging Follow Dr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet and save\n30%. Start your 14-day free trial now!\n\nStay Connected with Dr. Weil Promote the health of your body, mind and spirit\n- sign up for Dr. Weil's FREE newsletters today!\n\nadvertisement\n\nVitamin Library Supplement your knowledge with Dr. Weil's essential vitamin\nfacts. Learn why they are necessary and more.\n\nDr. Weil's Head-to-Toe Wellness Guide Your guide to natural health. Use the\nWellness Guide today!\n\nDr. Weil's Anti-Inflammatory Diet Food Pyramid Our interactive tool can help\nimprove overall health through diet.\n\nadvertisement \n \n * Sitemap\n * About Us\n * Press Information\n * Advertising\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\nadvertisement\n\nCopyright © 2016 Weil Lifestyle Information on this web site is provided for\ninformational purposes only and is not intended as a substitute for the advice\nprovided by your physician or other healthcare professional. You should not\nuse the information on this web site for diagnosing or treating a health\nproblem or disease, or prescribing any medication or other treatment.\n\nAdvertising Notice\n\nThis Site and third parties who place advertisements on this Site may collect\nand use information about your visits to this Site and other websites in order\nto provide advertisements about goods and services of interest to you. If you\nwould like to obtain more information about these advertising practices and to\nmake choices about online behavioral advertising, please click here \n \n * Get your FREE, personalized vitamin recommendation. START NOW\n * HOME\n * VIDEOS & FEATURES\n\n * Videos & Features\n * Videos\n * Photo Galleries\n * Anti-Inflammatory Diet & Pyramid\n * Head-to-Toe Wellness Guide\n * Flipbooks (Online Magazines)\n * Tools & Quizzes\n * ASK DR. WEIL\n\n * Ask Dr. Weil\n * Today ́s Q&A\n * Ask Your Question\n * Q&A Library\n * HEALTH CENTERS\n\n * Health Centers\n * Aging Gracefully\n * Bone & Joint\n * Cancer\n * Colds & Flu\n * Diabetes\n * Gastrointestinal Health\n * Heart Health\n * Mental Health\n * Men ́s Health\n * Women ́s Health\n * Children ́s Health\n * Condition Care Guide\n * SUPPLEMENTS & HERBS\n\n * Supplements & Herbs\n * Vitamin Library\n * Weil Vitamin Advisor\n * Herbs\n * Remedies\n * BALANCED LIVING\n\n * Balanced Living\n * Meet Andrew Weil, M.D.\n * Where Is Dr. Weil?\n * Cooking & Recipes\n * Gardening\n * Healthy Home\n * Personal Care\n * Exercise and Fitness\n * Spirit and Inspiration\n * Pets & Pet Care\n * Wellness Therapies\n\n## Condition Care Guide\n\n# Motion Sickness\n\nWhat is motion sickness? Motion sickness occurs when the brain receives\nconflicting messages from the inner ears, eyes, and other parts of the body in\nresponse to motion, most often during some kind of travel. Effects may vary\nfrom mild nausea to severe distress and incapacitation.\n\nWhat are the symptoms? Commonly, the first symptom of motion sickness is a\nfeeling of uneasiness, leading to the onset of nausea (a queasy, wave-like\nfeeling in the stomach and head). This may come on quite suddenly, and often\nincludes the urge to throw up, but does not always lead to vomiting. One may\nbecome pale, have abdominal discomfort, dizziness and break out in a cold\nsweat. The digestive action of the stomach decreases, causing delayed emptying\nof its contents. In some individuals the waves of nausea are so strong that\ncontinuous retching can occur. The dizziness and vertigo can also become\nintense and completely prevent normal functioning.\n\nThere is considerable variation in the tendency to become motion sick - some\npeople are incapacitated by it, others seem completely immune to it (pilots\nterm these lucky individuals \"lead heads.\") There can also be a habituation\neffect - a person may, for example, begin an ocean cruise beset by motion\nsickness, but acquire \"sea legs\" over a period of hours or days that make the\nsymptoms less severe, or even vanish.\n\nWhat are the causes? Conflicting signals from motion-sensing organs of the\nbody, including the inner ear and eyes, are typically generated by movement\nsuch as riding in a car, airplane, or on a boat. For example, when you feel\nturbulence on a plane, your eyes don't see what's happening to cause the\nmotion. Your brain gets one message from your inner ear, which senses the\nmovement from turbulence, but an opposing message from your eyes, which see\nonly the unmoving interior of the plane. The same phenomenon can happen in\nreverse, such as when your body is apparently motionless but your eyes see\nmovement (as in a movie's car-chase scene, for example). The vestibular system\n(sensing head position and movement) resides inside the middle ear and plays a\ncentral role in both balance and motion sickness, but proprioreceptors (touch)\nand visual receptors also contribute to messages about where your body is in\nspace.\n\nWhat is the conventional treatment? There are two types of medications\ncommonly used to treat motion sickness: anticholinergics and antihistamines.\nAnticholinergics work by slowing down the messages related to the\nparasympathetic nervous system (also known as the involuntary nervous system)\ncoming and going from the brain. Antihistamines help control motion sickness\nby influencing the part of the brain that controls nausea and vomiting.\n\nScopalomine (an anticholinergic drug) is generally used as a skin patch placed\nbehind the ear [moved] for long trips, however, it can also be taken orally.\nFor best results, it should be applied 8 hours before traveling. One patch is\ntypically adequate for 3 days, then should be changed. The oral form should be\ntaken at least 30 to 60 minutes prior to travel, and lasts six to eight hours.\nIt tends to produce more side effects than the transdermal form, and is\ntherefore limited to short trips, or to bridge the gap between when the patch\nis put on and when it starts to become effective. Common side effects are dry\nmouth, vision disturbances (blurriness or inability to read close-up), and a\nincreased heart rate.\n\nAntihistamines include diphenhydramine (Benadryl), dimenhydrinate (Dramamine)\nand cyclizine (Marezine) and can be unpleasantly sedating. Promethazine\n(Phenergan) is an anti nausea drug that is commonly prescribed for motion\nsickness and causes the most sleepiness. It can also lead to dizziness and\nfeeling off-balance. Meclizine (Antivert), also used to treat vertigo, is less\nsedating and can be taken as a single daily dose.\n\nBecause the drugs used to treat motion sickness can cause some degree of\ndrowsiness, it is very important to avoid alcohol, which may have an additive\neffect, and not drive or operate machinery until the effects of these\nmedications are known. People who have illnesses related to the central\nnervous system or who are using medications that affect the central nervous\nsystem should not take anti-cholenergics or anti-histamines without talking to\ntheir doctor.\n\nWhat therapies does Dr. Weil recommend for motion sickness? You may be able to\nprevent or at least reduce motion sickness by making sure your eyes see what\nyour inner ear feels. When traveling by car, either drive or ride in the front\nseat. On board an airplane, choose a seat over the wings, where you're least\nlikely to feel motion. Ask for a window seat and look out. Keep your head\nstill by resting it on the headrest. If your excursion is by ship, request a\ncabin in the forward or middle of the ship or on the upper deck; and spend as\nmuch time as possible on deck watching the horizon.\n\nDr. Weil is prone to seasickness and has used acupressure wristbands with\ngreat success. The wristbands are the modern version of an old Chinese\nfisherman's remedy of stimulating the acupressure points that control nausea.\nThey have plastic pegs that press on acupressure points on the inner surfaces\nof the wrists. Proper placement of the wristbands is critical, so follow\npackage directions carefully.\n\nAnother useful remedy is ginger, which Dr. Weil believes to be more effective\nthan Dramamine for motion sickness, with the added benefit of not causing\ndrowsiness. He recommends mixing a half teaspoon of ginger powder in a glass\nof water and drinking it 20 minutes before travel, or taking two capsules of\npowdered ginger. He also recommends packing some gingersnap cookies or ginger\ncandy and keeping ginger ale on hand when possible to help quell mild nausea\ncaused by motion sickness. If you can't find ginger ale that actually contains\nginger, make some yourself with ginger syrup and seltzer water.\n\nFinally, the American Academy of Pediatrics suggests trying to deal with\nmotion sickness in children by focusing youngsters' attention away from their\nqueasiness. Listen to the radio or tapes, watch movies, sing or talk. Also,\ndirect their attention at things outside the car, not at books or games, and\nmake sure that they look out the front windows, where the apparent motion of\nobjects is less.\n\nadvertisement\n\nSitemap | About Us | Press Information | Advertising | Contact Us | Terms of\nUse | Privacy Policy\n\nAsk Dr. Weil Ask Dr. Weil Home Today's Q&A Ask Your Question Q&A Library Top\n50 Most Popular Q&As\n\nHealth Centers Health Centers Home Condition Care Guide Aging Gracefully Bone\n& Joint Health Cancer Colds & Flu Diabetes Gastrointestinal Health Heart\nHealth Mental Health Men's Health Women's Health Children's Health\n\nSupplements & Herbs Supplements & Herbs Home Vitamin Library Herbs Remedies\n\nDr. Weil's Balanced Living Balanced Living Home Meet Andrew Weil Dr. Weil\nEvent Calendar The Healthy Kitchen Recipes Gardening Healthy Home Personal\nCare Exercise & Fitness Spirit & Inspiration Pets & Pet Care Wellness\nTherapies\n\nVideos & Features Videos & Features Home Videos Photo Galleries Anti-\nInflammatory Food Pyramid Head to Toe Wellness Guide Flipbooks (Online\nMagazines) e-Newsletter Sign-Up\n\nAbout Weil Lifestyle About Us LinkedIn Weil Foundation Science Advisory Board\nExperts Like-Minded Practitioners Licensees Commercial Friends Organizations &\nNonprofits Dr. Weil's Health Network Arizona Center for Integrative Medicine\n\nSocial Networking Dr. Weil's Daily Blog Facebook Twitter LinkedIn Flickr\nYouTube Vimeo Pinterest About Me Dr. Weil on the Huffington Post\n\nDr. Weil Product Sites Dr. Weil Products Vitamin Advisor Spontaneous Happiness\nDr Weil on Healthy Aging Dr. Weil's 8 Week Plan Weil Information (print order\nsite)\n\nContact Us Contact e-Newsletter Sign-Up Member Account Page\n\nDrWeil.com Policies Advertising Policy Privacy Policy Terms of Use\n\nMedia Information For the Press Press Releases Fact Sheet Advertising Kit\n(pdf) Dr. Weil Events Media Requests\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150306102047/http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov:80/pubmed/21036110",
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"title": "The effect of smoking nicotine tobacco versus smoking deprivation o...",
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"parsed_md": "The effect of smoking nicotine tobacco versus smoking deprivation o... -\nPubMed - NCBI\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170317151247/https://wwwnc.cdc.gov/travel/yellowbook/2016/the-pre-travel-consultation/motion-sickness",
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"title": "Motion Sickness - Chapter 2 - 2016 Yellow Book",
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"Skip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to page options Skip directly to site content",
"Motion sickness is the term attributed to physiologic responses of the body to motion by sea, car, train or air. Given sufficient stimulus all people with functional vestibular systems can develop motion sickness. However, people vary in their susceptibility. Risk factors include the following:",
"MEDICATION CLASS| EXAMPLES ---|--- Antibiotics| Azithromycin, metronidazole, erythromycin, trimethoprim- sulfamethoxazole Antiparasitics| Albendazole, thiabendazole, iodoquinol, chloroquine, mefloquine Estrogens| Oral contraceptives, estradiol Cardiovascular| Digoxin, levodopa Narcotic analgesics| Codeine, morphine, meperidine Nonsteroidal analgesics| Ibuprophen, naproxen, indomethacin Antidepressants| Fluoxetine, paroxitene, sertraline Asthma medication| Aminophylline Bisphosphonates| Alendronate sodium, ibandronate sodium, risedronate sodium",
"Nonpharmacologic treatments for preventing and treating motion sickness can be effective with few adverse side effects (see Prevention below). However, these measures can be time-consuming and unpleasant for travelers. Many patients will prefer medication. A primary side effect of most efficacious medications used for motion sickness is drowsiness, along with other drug-specific side effects. Some medications may interfere with or delay acclimation to the offending movement. Because gastric stasis can occur with motion sickness, parenteral delivery may be advantageous.",
"Antihistamines are the most frequently used and widely available medications for motion sickness; non-sedating ones appear to be less effective. Antihistamines commonly used for motion sickness include cinnarizine (not currently available in the United States), cyclizine, dimenhydrinate, meclizine, and promethazine (oral and suppository). Other common medications used to treat motion sickness are scopolamine (hyoscine, oral and transdermal), antidopaminergic drugs (such as prochlorperazine), metoclopramide, sympathomimetics, and benzodiazepines. Clinical trials have not shown that ondansetron, a drug commonly used as an antiemetic in cancer patients, is effective in the prevention of nausea associated with motion sickness.",
"When recommending any of these medications to travelers, providers should make sure that patients understand the risks and benefits, possible undesirable side effects, and potential drug interactions. Travelers may consider trying the medication before travel to see what effect it has on them.",
"For children aged 2–12 years, dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), 1–1.5 mg/kg per dose, or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 0.5–1 mg/kg per dose up to 25 mg, can be given 1 hour before travel and every 6 hours during the trip. Because some children have paradoxical agitation with these medicines, a test dose should be given at home before departure.",
"Antihistamines are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat motion sickness in children. Caregivers should be reminded to always ask a physician, pharmacist, or other clinician if they have any questions about how to use or dose antihistamines in children before they administer the medication. Oversedation of young children with antihistamines can be life- threatening.",
"Scopolamine can cause dangerous adverse effects in children and should not be used; prochlorperazine and metoclopramide should be used with caution in children.",
"Drugs with the most safety data regarding the treatment of the nausea of pregnancy are the logical first choice. Alphabetical scoring of the safety of medications in pregnancy may not be helpful, and clinicians should review the actual safety data or call the patient’s obstetric provider for suggestions. Web-based information may be found at the websites www.Motherisk.org and www.Reprotox.org.",
"Optimizing position to reduce motion or motion perception—for example, driving a vehicle instead of riding in it, sitting in the front seat of a car or bus, or sitting over the wing of an aircraft.",
"Adding distractions—listening to music or using aromatherapy scents such as mint or lavender. Flavored lozenges may also help, in particular ginger-flavored. Lozenges may also function as distractions or, in the case of ginger, may hasten gastric emptying.",
"Using acupressure or magnets is advocated by some to prevent or treat nausea, although scientific data on efficacy of these interventions for preventing motion sickness are equivocal."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Motion Sickness - Chapter 2 - 2016 Yellow Book | Travelers' Health | CDC\n\nSkip directly to search Skip directly to A to Z list Skip directly to page\noptions Skip directly to site content\n\nStart of Search Controls\n\nCDC A-Z Index\n\n * MENU\n * CDC A-Z\n * SEARCH\n\n * A\n * B\n * C\n * D\n * E\n * F\n * G\n * H\n * I\n * J\n * K\n * L\n * M\n * N\n * O\n * P\n * Q\n * R\n * S\n * T\n * U\n * V\n * W\n * X\n * Y\n * Z\n * #\n\nStart of Search Controls\n\n## Travelers' Health\n\n# Chapter 2 The Pre-Travel Consultation Self-Treatable Conditions\n\nRecommend on Facebook Tweet ShareCompartir\n\n * Chapter 2 - Jet Lag\n * Chapter 2 - Respiratory Infections\n\n## Motion Sickness\n\nStefanie K. Erskine\n\n### RISK FOR TRAVELERS\n\nMotion sickness is the term attributed to physiologic responses of the body to\nmotion by sea, car, train or air. Given sufficient stimulus all people with\nfunctional vestibular systems can develop motion sickness. However, people\nvary in their susceptibility. Risk factors include the following:\n\n * Age—children aged 2–12 years are especially susceptible, but infants and toddlers are generally immune.\n * Sex—women are more likely to have motion sickness, especially when pregnant, menstruating, or on hormones.\n * Migraines—people who get migraine headaches are more prone to motion sickness, especially during a migraine.\n * Medication—some prescriptions can worsen the nausea of motion sickness (Table 2-08).\n\n### Table 2-08. Medications that may increase nausea\n\nMEDICATION CLASS| EXAMPLES \n---|--- \nAntibiotics| Azithromycin, metronidazole, erythromycin, trimethoprim-\nsulfamethoxazole \nAntiparasitics| Albendazole, thiabendazole, iodoquinol, chloroquine,\nmefloquine \nEstrogens| Oral contraceptives, estradiol \nCardiovascular| Digoxin, levodopa \nNarcotic analgesics| Codeine, morphine, meperidine \nNonsteroidal analgesics| Ibuprophen, naproxen, indomethacin \nAntidepressants| Fluoxetine, paroxitene, sertraline \nAsthma medication| Aminophylline \nBisphosphonates| Alendronate sodium, ibandronate sodium, risedronate sodium \n \n### TREATMENT\n\nNonpharmacologic treatments for preventing and treating motion sickness can be\neffective with few adverse side effects (see Prevention below). However, these\nmeasures can be time-consuming and unpleasant for travelers. Many patients\nwill prefer medication. A primary side effect of most efficacious medications\nused for motion sickness is drowsiness, along with other drug-specific side\neffects. Some medications may interfere with or delay acclimation to the\noffending movement. Because gastric stasis can occur with motion sickness,\nparenteral delivery may be advantageous.\n\nAntihistamines are the most frequently used and widely available medications\nfor motion sickness; non-sedating ones appear to be less effective.\nAntihistamines commonly used for motion sickness include cinnarizine (not\ncurrently available in the United States), cyclizine, dimenhydrinate,\nmeclizine, and promethazine (oral and suppository). Other common medications\nused to treat motion sickness are scopolamine (hyoscine, oral and\ntransdermal), antidopaminergic drugs (such as prochlorperazine),\nmetoclopramide, sympathomimetics, and benzodiazepines. Clinical trials have\nnot shown that ondansetron, a drug commonly used as an antiemetic in cancer\npatients, is effective in the prevention of nausea associated with motion\nsickness.\n\nWhen recommending any of these medications to travelers, providers should make\nsure that patients understand the risks and benefits, possible undesirable\nside effects, and potential drug interactions. Travelers may consider trying\nthe medication before travel to see what effect it has on them.\n\n#### Medications in Children\n\nFor children aged 2–12 years, dimenhydrinate (Dramamine), 1–1.5 mg/kg per\ndose, or diphenhydramine (Benadryl), 0.5–1 mg/kg per dose up to 25 mg, can be\ngiven 1 hour before travel and every 6 hours during the trip. Because some\nchildren have paradoxical agitation with these medicines, a test dose should\nbe given at home before departure.\n\nAntihistamines are not approved by the Food and Drug Administration to treat\nmotion sickness in children. Caregivers should be reminded to always ask a\nphysician, pharmacist, or other clinician if they have any questions about how\nto use or dose antihistamines in children before they administer the\nmedication. Oversedation of young children with antihistamines can be life-\nthreatening.\n\nScopolamine can cause dangerous adverse effects in children and should not be\nused; prochlorperazine and metoclopramide should be used with caution in\nchildren.\n\n#### Medications in Pregnancy\n\nDrugs with the most safety data regarding the treatment of the nausea of\npregnancy are the logical first choice. Alphabetical scoring of the safety of\nmedications in pregnancy may not be helpful, and clinicians should review the\nactual safety data or call the patient’s obstetric provider for suggestions.\nWeb-based information may be found at the websites www.Motherisk.org and\nwww.Reprotox.org.\n\n### PREVENTION\n\nNonpharmacologic interventions to prevent or treat motion sickness include the\nfollowing:\n\n * Being aware of and avoiding situations that tend to trigger symptoms.\n * Optimizing position to reduce motion or motion perception—for example, driving a vehicle instead of riding in it, sitting in the front seat of a car or bus, or sitting over the wing of an aircraft.\n * Reducing sensory input—lying prone, shutting eyes, or looking at the horizon.\n * Maintaining hydration by drinking water, eating small meals frequently, and limiting alcoholic and caffeinated beverages.\n * Adding distractions—listening to music or using aromatherapy scents such as mint or lavender. Flavored lozenges may also help, in particular ginger-flavored. Lozenges may also function as distractions or, in the case of ginger, may hasten gastric emptying.\n * Using acupressure or magnets is advocated by some to prevent or treat nausea, although scientific data on efficacy of these interventions for preventing motion sickness are equivocal.\n\n### BIBLIOGRAPHY\n\n 1. Murdin L, Golding J, Bronstein A. Managing motion sickness. BMJ. 2011;343:d7430.\n 2. Priesol AJ. Motion Sickness. Deschler DG, editor. Waltham MA: UpToDate; 2012.\n 3. Shupak A, Gordon CR. Motion sickness: advances in pathogenesis, prediction, prevention, and treatment. Aviat Space Environ Med. 2006 Dec;77(12):1213–23.\n 4. Takeda N, Morita M, Horii A, Nishiike S, Kitahara T, Uno A. Neural mechanisms of motion sickness. J Med Invest. 2001 Feb;48(1–2):44–59.\n\n * Chapter 2 - Jet Lag\n * Chapter 2 - Respiratory Infections\n\n##### File Formats Help:\n\nHow do I view different file formats (PDF, DOC, PPT, MPEG) on this site?\n\n * Adobe PDF file\n * Microsoft PowerPoint file\n * Microsoft Word file\n * Microsoft Excel file\n * Audio/Video file\n * Apple Quicktime file\n * RealPlayer file\n * Text file\n * Zip Archive file\n * SAS file\n * ePub file\n\n * Page created: July 10, 2015\n * Page last updated: July 10, 2015\n * Page last reviewed: July 10, 2015\n * Content source:\n\n * Centers for Disease Control and Prevention National Center for Emerging and Zoonotic Infectious Diseases (NCEZID) Division of Global Migration and Quarantine (DGMQ)\n\n * ###### Contact CDC\n\nCenters for Disease Control and Prevention\n\n1600 Clifton Road Atlanta, GA 30329-4027 USA\n\n800-CDC-INFO (800-232-4636)\n\nContact CDC-INFO\n\nTOP\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511230137/https://www.medicinenet.com/tips_to_prevent_motion_sickness/views.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness",
"passages": [
"Motion sickness, sometimes referred to as sea sickness or car sickness, is a very common disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion. Anyone can develop motion sickness, but people vary in their sensitivity to motion. Motion sickness most commonly affects children from 2 to 12 years old, pregnant women, and people who are prone to migraines. In addition to sea travel, motion sickness can develop from the movement of a car or from turbulence in an airplane.",
"While it may be impossible to prevent all cases of motion sickness, the following tips can help you prevent or lessen the severity of motion sickness:",
"Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol and foods or liquids that \"do not agree with you\" or make you feel unusually full. Heavy, spicy, or fat-rich foods may worsen motion sickness in some people.",
"Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins.",
"When traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point.",
"Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.",
"The over-the-counter medication meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Dramamine) can be a very effective preventive measure for short trips or for mild cases of motion sickness. Your doctor also may choose to prescribe medications for longer trips or if you repeatedly develop severe motion sickness. One example of a prescription medication is a patch containing scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) that often is effective in preventing motion sickness. Remember that scopolamine can cause drowsiness and has other side effects, and its use should be discussed with your physician prior to your trip."
]
},
"parsed_md": "10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n * SEARCH\n * SYMPTOM CHECKER\n\nhome/tips to prevent motion sickness article\n\n# 10 Tips to Prevent Motion Sickness\n\n * Medical Author: Melissa Conrad Stöppler, MD\n * Medical Editor: William C. Shiel Jr., MD, FACP, FACR\n\n### What is motion sickness?\n\nMotion sickness, sometimes referred to as sea sickness or car sickness, is a\nvery common disturbance of the inner ear that is caused by repeated motion.\nAnyone can develop motion sickness, but people vary in their sensitivity to\nmotion. Motion sickness most commonly affects children from 2 to 12 years old,\npregnant women, and people who are prone to migraines. In addition to sea\ntravel, motion sickness can develop from the movement of a car or from\nturbulence in an airplane.\n\n### What are symptoms of motion sickness?\n\nSymptoms of motion sickness are:\n\n * nausea,\n * vomiting,\n * dizziness,\n * sweating, and\n * a sense of feeling unwell.\n\nThese symptoms arise from the inner ear (labyrinth) due to changes in a\nperson's sense of balance and equilibrium.\n\n### 10 Tips to prevent motion sickness\n\nWhile it may be impossible to prevent all cases of motion sickness, the\nfollowing tips can help you prevent or lessen the severity of motion sickness:\n\n 1. Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol and foods or liquids that \"do not agree with you\" or make you feel unusually full. Heavy, spicy, or fat-rich foods may worsen motion sickness in some people.\n 2. Avoiding strong food odors may also help prevent nausea.\n 3. Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins.\n 4. Do not sit facing backwards from your direction of travel.\n 5. Sit in the front seat of a car.\n 6. Do not read while traveling if you are prone to motion sickness.\n 7. When traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point.\n 8. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible.\n 9. Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.\n 10. The over-the-counter medication meclizine (Bonine, Antivert, Dramamine) can be a very effective preventive measure for short trips or for mild cases of motion sickness. Your doctor also may choose to prescribe medications for longer trips or if you repeatedly develop severe motion sickness. One example of a prescription medication is a patch containing scopolamine (Transderm-Scop) that often is effective in preventing motion sickness. Remember that scopolamine can cause drowsiness and has other side effects, and its use should be discussed with your physician prior to your trip.\n\n#### SLIDESHOW\n\nThe 14 Most Common Causes of Fatigue See Slideshow\n\n## Health Solutions From Our Sponsors\n\n * Discover Immunotherapy\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n\nReferences\n\nMedically reviewed by Avrom Simon, MD; Board Certified Preventative Medicine\nwith Subspecialty in Occupational Medicine\n\nREFERENCE:\n\nCDC.gov. Motion Sickness.\n\n * MedicineNet\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210225063736/https://www.onemedical.com/blog/live-well/motion-sickness-cures/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness",
"passages": [
"Get 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go. Join today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and in-app.",
"If traveling by car, train, plane, or boat makes you queasy, there’s good news: Not only can you take steps to stop motion sickness before it starts, you may actually be able to conquer it for good.",
"Why some people get motion sickness and others don’t isn’t fully understood. Researchers believe it’s caused by incongruence in our body’s sensory systems. For instance, on a slow-moving cruise ship, your eyes may tell the brain you’re not moving at all, but the systems in your brain and inner ear that control balance and posture (vestibular and somatosensory systems) say, “Yes we are!” This mismatch confuses the brain and causes a variety of symptoms, including:",
"You certainly can take medications to help relieve these symptoms. But if you’d like to try overcoming motion sickness for good, here are some techniques.",
"Not being in the driver’s seat can contribute to motion sickness when you’re traveling by car. The driver of a car is less prone to motion sickness than a passenger, presumably because the driver’s brain is using its motor commands to control the car and can predict the motion. Putting yourself behind the wheel will keep the queasiness at bay. If you must ride as a passenger, try sitting in the front seat and looking at the horizon, which confers a sense of greater control than riding in the back. If you get stuck in the back seat, try conversation and distraction to alleviate the anxiety of not being in control of the situation. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible and avoid reading.",
"Watch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel. Avoid excessive alcohol, smoking, and foods or liquids that “don’t agree with you” or make you feel unusually full. Foods with strong odors, or ones that are heavy, spicy, or fat-rich may worsen symptoms of nausea or motion sickness in some people.",
"Try to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of an airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those in lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less motion than passengers in higher or outer cabins. Isolate yourself from others who may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion sickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill yourself.",
"If you’re getting seasick, lie down to help your sensory systems become congruent. On a train, sit in a front-facing seat so your eyes relay the same movement cues as the vestibules of your inner ear. Also, when traveling by car or boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a fixed point. The more you enhance sensory congruence, the less likely you are to get queasy.",
"You actually can talk yourself out of motion sickness. A study found that “verbal placebos” — simply telling sailors they won’t get seasick — have been effective in preventing seasickness. Set your own expectations before traveling by saying aloud, “I’m not going to get carsick this time,” or using other affirmative self-talk. Learning breathing techniques by using biofeedback can help in this endeavor.",
"Desensitization therapy works for minimizing or even curing motion sickness. Expose yourself to short bursts of activities that cause symptoms, and then work up to longer periods. If reading a book in a moving vehicle makes you feel nauseated, try reading for five minutes and then putting the book down. Repeat the five-minute interval over several sessions, then increase to 10 minutes. Over time, you’ll find your body gets used to the activity.",
"Some studies support using ginger as an effective preventive measure for motion sickness. At the very least, it can’t hurt. Take one to two grams of ginger half an hour before traveling for best results. If you’re on prescription blood thinners, consult your doctor before supplementing with ginger.",
"There’s conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of acupressure for motion sickness, but it’s worth a try — even if it’s just for the placebo effect. As mentioned above, simply convincing yourself you can get through a trip without motion sickness can help you avoid it. If wearing pressure point devices—such as wristbands with plastic bumps on them — helps convince your brain you’re not going to get sick, it’s worth a shot. On the other hand, don’t waste your money on magnets. There’s no evidence magnetic devices marketed for motion sickness relief do any good.",
"Seasickness clears up on its own after about three days. Why? The human body possesses an enormous ability to accommodate situations like incongruence between the sensory systems. Again, in the “think it away” category, you may rid yourself of symptoms if you understand and believe they’re going to clear up sooner rather than later.",
"If your children experience motion sickness, be sure to let them know the condition usually starts going away after age 12. Sharing this medical fact may help your kids avoid feeling doomed to motion sickness for the rest of their lives.",
"If you experience severe motion sickness, go ahead and take over-the-counter medications such as Dramamine or Meclizine for it. These are most effective 30 to 60 minutes prior to when you think you’ll be sick, and can be sedating. If you’re a healthy adult with severe symptoms, you can talk to your health care provider about a scopolamine patch to cope with prolonged episodes of motion sickness, such as during the first few days of a cruise. Be forewarned that it can cause drowsiness, dry mouth, and other side effects.",
"Get 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go. Join today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and in-app.",
"Chicago native Helen Eleni Xenos grew up in Greece but returned home to attend Loyola University and begin her medical career. She values One Medical Group’s focus on quality of care and the unique emphasis on technology to enhance service. Primary care has allowed Helen the opportunity to see patients of all ages with a variety of conditions, and to develop long-term therapeutic alliances to improve health, well-being, and quality of life. She has particular interests in women’s health, including office-based procedures such as IUD insertion and colposcopy. Helen strives to be an approachable, careful listener and is always willing to have open conversations about treatment options. Outside of One Medical, Helen volunteers with Chicago Women’s Health, and works as a community clinician and preceptor at the Advocate Illinois Masonic Family Medicine Residency Program. To stay healthy, Helen takes long walks in the park and attends Zumba classes. She loves traveling and trying new foods and restaurants, is conversational in Spanish and fluent in Greek. She attended the University of Illinois School of Medicine and is board- certified in Family Medicine. Eleni is a One Medical Group provider and sees patients in our Chicago offices.",
"Any general advice posted on our blog, website, or app is for informational purposes only and is not intended to replace or substitute for any medical or other advice. The One Medical Group entities and 1Life Healthcare, Inc. make no representations or warranties and expressly disclaim any and all liability concerning any treatment, action by, or effect on any person following the general information offered or provided within or through the blog, website, or app. If you have specific concerns or a situation arises in which you require medical advice, you should consult with an appropriately trained and qualified medical services provider."
]
},
"parsed_md": "10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness | One Medical\n\nCOVID-19 vaccine availability is limited and varies by location. See status in\nyour area Opens in a new window.\n\nHere to keep you healthy. And informed.\n\nGet 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go.\nJoin today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and\nin-app.\n\nJoin Today\n\nHome/ Blog/ Get Well/\n\n# 10 Tips to Beat Motion Sickness\n\nNov 1, 2018\n\nBy Eleni Xenos\n\nLast updated November 1, 2018.\n\nIf traveling by car, train, plane, or boat makes you queasy, there’s good\nnews: Not only can you take steps to stop motion sickness before it starts,\nyou may actually be able to conquer it for good.\n\nWhy some people get motion sickness and others don’t isn’t fully understood.\nResearchers believe it’s caused by incongruence in our body’s sensory systems.\nFor instance, on a slow-moving cruise ship, your eyes may tell the brain\nyou’re not moving at all, but the systems in your brain and inner ear that\ncontrol balance and posture (vestibular and somatosensory systems) say, “Yes\nwe are!” This mismatch confuses the brain and causes a variety of symptoms,\nincluding:\n\n * Dizziness\n * Headache\n * Nausea\n * Salivation\n * Sweating\n * Belching\n * Acute awareness of the stomach\n * Vomiting\n * Hyperventilation (in extreme cases)\n\nYou certainly can take medications to help relieve these symptoms. But if\nyou’d like to try overcoming motion sickness for good, here are some\ntechniques.\n\n## 1\\. Take control of the situation.\n\nNot being in the driver’s seat can contribute to motion sickness when you’re\ntraveling by car. The driver of a car is less prone to motion sickness than a\npassenger, presumably because the driver’s brain is using its motor commands\nto control the car and can predict the motion. Putting yourself behind the\nwheel will keep the queasiness at bay. If you must ride as a passenger, try\nsitting in the front seat and looking at the horizon, which confers a sense of\ngreater control than riding in the back. If you get stuck in the back seat,\ntry conversation and distraction to alleviate the anxiety of not being in\ncontrol of the situation. Open a vent or source of fresh air if possible and\navoid reading.\n\n## 2\\. Curb your consumption.\n\nWatch your consumption of foods, drinks, and alcohol before and during travel.\nAvoid excessive alcohol, smoking, and foods or liquids that “don’t agree with\nyou” or make you feel unusually full. Foods with strong odors, or ones that\nare heavy, spicy, or fat-rich may worsen symptoms of nausea or motion sickness\nin some people.\n\n## 3\\. Get into position.\n\nTry to choose a seat where you will experience the least motion. The middle of\nan airplane over the wing is the calmest area of an airplane. On a ship, those\nin lower level cabins near the center of a ship generally experience less\nmotion than passengers in higher or outer cabins. Isolate yourself from others\nwho may be suffering from motion sickness. Hearing others talk about motion\nsickness or seeing others becoming ill can sometimes make you feel ill\nyourself.\n\n## 4\\. Equalize your sensory cues.\n\nIf you’re getting seasick, lie down to help your sensory systems become\ncongruent. On a train, sit in a front-facing seat so your eyes relay the same\nmovement cues as the vestibules of your inner ear. Also, when traveling by car\nor boat, it can sometimes help to keep your gaze fixed on the horizon or on a\nfixed point. The more you enhance sensory congruence, the less likely you are\nto get queasy.\n\n## 5\\. Talk yourself down.\n\nYou actually can talk yourself out of motion sickness. A study found that\n“verbal placebos” — simply telling sailors they won’t get seasick — have been\neffective in preventing seasickness. Set your own expectations before\ntraveling by saying aloud, “I’m not going to get carsick this time,” or using\nother affirmative self-talk. Learning breathing techniques by using\nbiofeedback can help in this endeavor.\n\nDon’t miss 8 Ways to Treat Morning Sickness Naturally.\n\n## 6\\. Get desensitized.\n\nDesensitization therapy works for minimizing or even curing motion sickness.\nExpose yourself to short bursts of activities that cause symptoms, and then\nwork up to longer periods. If reading a book in a moving vehicle makes you\nfeel nauseated, try reading for five minutes and then putting the book down.\nRepeat the five-minute interval over several sessions, then increase to 10\nminutes. Over time, you’ll find your body gets used to the activity.\n\n## 7\\. Pre-treat with ginger.\n\nSome studies support using ginger as an effective preventive measure for\nmotion sickness. At the very least, it can’t hurt. Take one to two grams of\nginger half an hour before traveling for best results. If you’re on\nprescription blood thinners, consult your doctor before supplementing with\nginger.\n\n## 8\\. Get in touch with your pressure points.\n\nThere’s conflicting evidence regarding the effectiveness of acupressure for\nmotion sickness, but it’s worth a try — even if it’s just for the placebo\neffect. As mentioned above, simply convincing yourself you can get through a\ntrip without motion sickness can help you avoid it. If wearing pressure point\ndevices—such as wristbands with plastic bumps on them — helps convince your\nbrain you’re not going to get sick, it’s worth a shot. On the other hand,\ndon’t waste your money on magnets. There’s no evidence magnetic devices\nmarketed for motion sickness relief do any good.\n\n## 9\\. Ride it out.\n\nSeasickness clears up on its own after about three days. Why? The human body\npossesses an enormous ability to accommodate situations like incongruence\nbetween the sensory systems. Again, in the “think it away” category, you may\nrid yourself of symptoms if you understand and believe they’re going to clear\nup sooner rather than later.\n\nIf your children experience motion sickness, be sure to let them know the\ncondition usually starts going away after age 12. Sharing this medical fact\nmay help your kids avoid feeling doomed to motion sickness for the rest of\ntheir lives.\n\n## 10\\. When all else fails, medicate.\n\nIf you experience severe motion sickness, go ahead and take over-the-counter\nmedications such as Dramamine or Meclizine for it. These are most effective 30\nto 60 minutes prior to when you think you’ll be sick, and can be sedating. If\nyou’re a healthy adult with severe symptoms, you can talk to your health care\nprovider about a scopolamine patch to cope with prolonged episodes of motion\nsickness, such as during the first few days of a cruise. Be forewarned that it\ncan cause drowsiness, dry mouth, and other side effects.\n\nIf motion sickness continues to be a problem, make an appointment with your\nprovider to talk about your options.\n\nHere to keep you healthy. And informed.\n\nGet 24/7 care over video chat from the comfort of home or wherever you go.\nJoin today and experience primary care designed for real life, in-office and\nin-app.\n\nJoin Today\n\n### Tags\n\nnausea natural remedies cruise motion sickness seasickness travel illness\ntravel travel health travel health tips\n\nEleni Xenos\n\nChicago native Helen Eleni Xenos grew up in Greece but returned home to attend\nLoyola University and begin her medical career. She values One Medical Group’s\nfocus on quality of care and the unique emphasis on technology to enhance\nservice. Primary care has allowed Helen the opportunity to see patients of all\nages with a variety of conditions, and to develop long-term therapeutic\nalliances to improve health, well-being, and quality of life. She has\nparticular interests in women’s health, including office-based procedures such\nas IUD insertion and colposcopy. Helen strives to be an approachable, careful\nlistener and is always willing to have open conversations about treatment\noptions. Outside of One Medical, Helen volunteers with Chicago Women’s Health,\nand works as a community clinician and preceptor at the Advocate Illinois\nMasonic Family Medicine Residency Program. To stay healthy, Helen takes long\nwalks in the park and attends Zumba classes. She loves traveling and trying\nnew foods and restaurants, is conversational in Spanish and fluent in Greek.\nShe attended the University of Illinois School of Medicine and is board-\ncertified in Family Medicine. Eleni is a One Medical Group provider and sees\npatients in our Chicago offices.\n\nThe One Medical blog is published by One Medical, an innovative primary care\npractice with offices in Atlanta, Boston, Chicago, Los Angeles, New York,\nOrange County,Phoenix, Portland, San Diego, the San Francisco Bay Area,\nSeattle, and Washington, DC.\n\nAny general advice posted on our blog, website, or app is for informational\npurposes only and is not intended to replace or substitute for any medical or\nother advice. The One Medical Group entities and 1Life Healthcare, Inc. make\nno representations or warranties and expressly disclaim any and all liability\nconcerning any treatment, action by, or effect on any person following the\ngeneral information offered or provided within or through the blog, website,\nor app. If you have specific concerns or a situation arises in which you\nrequire medical advice, you should consult with an appropriately trained and\nqualified medical services provider.\n\n * Blog\n * Media center\n * About\n * Investor relations\n * Practice integration\n * Sponsored membership\n * Careers\n * Contact us\n * FAQ\n * Give a membership\n\n * Facebook opens in a new window\n * Twitter opens in a new window\n * YouTube opens in a new window\n * Instagram opens in a new window\n * LinkedIn opens in a new window\n\n©2021 1Life Healthcare, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n * Membership terms of service\n * Medical terms of service\n * Privacy policy\n * HIPAA NPP\n * Employee Privacy Notice\n * Code of Business Conduct\n\n"
}
] |
1,688,338 | How To Remove Oil Stains from Carpeting | To remove oil stains from carpeting, cover the stain with baking soda or corn starch, and rub it in with an old toothbrush or scrub brush. Let it sit for 15 minutes, then use a vacuum to remove the baking soda or corn starch. Next, rub in a few drops of dish soap, then pour warm water over the stained area. Afterwards, blot with a clean cloth or sponge until all the soap is removed. Finally, air dry the carpet by hanging or laying it out in a well-ventilated area. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210312150939/https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210421043019/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210819080904/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191101145621/http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html"
] | train | 2,471 | [
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"original_url": "https://www.poison.org/articles/2012-dec/rubbing-alcohol-only-looks-like-water",
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"title": "Rubbing Alcohol Only Looks Like Water",
"passages": []
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"parsed_md": "Rubbing Alcohol Only Looks Like Water\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210421043019/https://www.howtocleanstuff.net/how-to-remove-oil-stains-from-carpet/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet",
"passages": [
"Patti asked: How do I clean olive oil off of carpeting? I have off-white carpeting, and I spilled olive oil on the carpet.",
"Oil spills on carpet are some of the trickiest clean-ups in any home. Spilling oil on the hard kitchen floor is frustrating enough, but when it soaks into the carpet fibers, it’s a whole new challenge to pull it out. Fortunately, oil is not permanent and can be removed. Follow these steps and you’ll be on your way to a clean carpet in no time.",
"Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.",
"For fresh stains, begin by soaking up as much of the oil as possible with one of the absorbent materials above. Press towels, newspapers or brown paper bags onto the area to soak up the oil. If using newspaper, do not allow the print to set on the carpet for long or the ink will transfer to the carpet.",
"Once a majority of the oil has been soaked up with the paper or cloths, cover it completely with cornstarch. Brush it over the area slightly to work it into the fibers. The cornstarch will soak up the oil from the fibers, leaving you with less to scrub out later on.",
"If the spill was large, repeat with a second coat of powder or cornstarch and allow it to set for another hour.",
"Apply a small amount of grease-fighting dish detergent to the area. Spread it around to form a thin layer. Work it into the fibers a little with your fingers so that all of the areas are covered.",
"Removing the dish soap is the most time consuming part of this process. Though only a small amount was used, it suds up when water is added.",
"If a carpet cleaner is available, it will make this “rinsing” part much easier. Keep in mind that many units do not like suds, and the dish soap suds up when it is vacuumed out. Empty the water container often to keep them from becoming a problem.",
"When the area is completely rinsed, place a couple of towels over the area and press down firmly. This will absorb the extra water.",
"A fan or dehumidifier can be placed near the area to help speed the drying process. Allowing the carpet to stay moist for too long may result in mold.",
"Dry cleaning solvent can also be used to treat oil stains. Blot it onto the stained area with a clean cloth and blot with a separate cloth to remove.",
"I spilled oil on the carpet of my car. Now, the carpet can’t come off. How do I remove the stain knowing that I can’t remove the carpet to wash it?",
"Aj, The steps in the article are for cleaning a carpet that is non-removable, so it should work. When you get to the step for washing (rinsing) the carpet, you just do the same procedure as you would for upholstery; sponge on water, then blot it up.",
"Zoy, The guide has been updated to include a step for old oil stains. It is the first step. “Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.”",
"I had a bottle of olive oil spill on a throw rug. I have tried to wash it. It came out on the top part of the rug, but the rubber backing is still oily feeling. How do I get that off the backing?"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet » How To Clean Stuff.net\n\n## Skip links\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nHow To Clean Stuff.net\n\n## Header Right\n\n# How to Remove Oil Stains from Carpet\n\nTable of Contents:\n\n 1. You Will Need\n 2. Steps to Remove the Oil\n 3. Additional Tips and Advice\n 4. Sources\n\nadvertisement\n\nPatti asked: How do I clean olive oil off of carpeting? I have off-white\ncarpeting, and I spilled olive oil on the carpet.\n\nOil spills on carpet are some of the trickiest clean-ups in any home. Spilling\noil on the hard kitchen floor is frustrating enough, but when it soaks into\nthe carpet fibers, it’s a whole new challenge to pull it out. Fortunately, oil\nis not permanent and can be removed. Follow these steps and you’ll be on your\nway to a clean carpet in no time.\n\n## You Will Need:\n\n * Absorbent cloths/newspapers/brown paper bags\n * Grease-fighting dish soap (ex: Dawn)\n * Cornstarch (baby powder will also work)\n * Vacuum\n * Toothbrush\n * Bucket\n * Sponges or soft cloths\n * Water\n * Towels\n * Patience\n\n## Steps to Remove the Oil:\n\n 1. Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of liquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is simply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the stain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.\n 2. For fresh stains, begin by soaking up as much of the oil as possible with one of the absorbent materials above. Press towels, newspapers or brown paper bags onto the area to soak up the oil. If using newspaper, do not allow the print to set on the carpet for long or the ink will transfer to the carpet.\n 3. Once a majority of the oil has been soaked up with the paper or cloths, cover it completely with cornstarch. Brush it over the area slightly to work it into the fibers. The cornstarch will soak up the oil from the fibers, leaving you with less to scrub out later on.\n 4. Allow the cornstarch to set on the area for at least one hour.\n 5. Vacuum the area to remove the powder or cornstarch.\n 6. If the spill was large, repeat with a second coat of powder or cornstarch and allow it to set for another hour.\n 7. Vacuum the excess away.\n 8. Now you are ready to tackle the last bits of oil still left in the carpet.\n 9. Apply a small amount of grease-fighting dish detergent to the area. Spread it around to form a thin layer. Work it into the fibers a little with your fingers so that all of the areas are covered.\n 10. Scrub with a soft brush or old toothbrush to work it into the fibers further.\n 11. Removing the dish soap is the most time consuming part of this process. Though only a small amount was used, it suds up when water is added.\n 12. Pour a small amount of water onto the area and immediately blot it up with a clean cloth.\n 13. Repeat until all of the soap is removed.\n 14. If a carpet cleaner is available, it will make this “rinsing” part much easier. Keep in mind that many units do not like suds, and the dish soap suds up when it is vacuumed out. Empty the water container often to keep them from becoming a problem.\n 15. When the area is completely rinsed, place a couple of towels over the area and press down firmly. This will absorb the extra water.\n 16. Allow the area to dry completely.\n\nadvertisement\n\n## Additional Tips and Advice\n\n * A fan or dehumidifier can be placed near the area to help speed the drying process. Allowing the carpet to stay moist for too long may result in mold.\n * Dry cleaning solvent can also be used to treat oil stains. Blot it onto the stained area with a clean cloth and blot with a separate cloth to remove.\n * For extra cleaning power, mix vinegar with the dish detergent, then apply to the stained area.\n\n## Sources\n\n * The Super Stain Remover Book by Jack Cassimatis\n\nFiled Under: Carpets and Rugs, Cleaning Guides Tagged With: carpet, oil\n\n## Was This Guide Helpful?\n\n+30\n\n-1\n\nRating: +29. From 31 votes.\n\nPlease wait...\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n## Related Posts\n\nHow to Get Chewing Gum out of Carpet\n\nHow to Clean Blood from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove a Marinara Sauce Stain from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove Yogurt Stains\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Hilary says\n\nDecember 1, 2012 at 9:07 pm\n\nI put vinegar on the spot and the stain disappeared. No need for the dish\nsoap!\n\nLike\n\n2\n\n2 people like this.\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 2. Alan says\n\nJuly 23, 2015 at 5:53 am\n\nThis works for furniture oil as well.\n\nLike\n\n1\n\n1 person likes this.\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 3. Nick says\n\nAugust 4, 2015 at 3:25 pm\n\nSpilled olive oil on the back seat of my car. How do I remove the oil?\n\nCheck it out! We’ve answered your question! Yay!\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 4. Mary says\n\nJuly 8, 2015 at 9:53 am\n\nAny suggestions on removing oil stain from a seisal mat?\n\nCheck it out! We’ve answered your question! Yay!\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 5. Aj says\n\nFebruary 16, 2016 at 1:16 am\n\nI spilled oil on the carpet of my car. Now, the carpet can’t come off. How do\nI remove the stain knowing that I can’t remove the carpet to wash it?\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nFebruary 20, 2016 at 1:31 am\n\nAj, The steps in the article are for cleaning a carpet that is non-removable,\nso it should work. When you get to the step for washing (rinsing) the carpet,\nyou just do the same procedure as you would for upholstery; sponge on water,\nthen blot it up.\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 6. Zoy says\n\nJune 28, 2016 at 12:47 am\n\nHello, If the oil stain was old, how can I remove it?\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n * Melanie says\n\nJuly 1, 2016 at 10:50 pm\n\nZoy, The guide has been updated to include a step for old oil stains. It is\nthe first step. “Old oil stains can be freshened by rubbing a small amount of\nliquid vegetable glycerin into them. An alternative to using glycerin is\nsimply to use a drop or two of cooking oil. Let the glycerin or oil sit on the\nstain for 30-60 minutes, then skip to step 9.”\n\nLike\n\n1\n\n1 person likes this.\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n 7. JoAnn says\n\nJune 17, 2012 at 11:08 pm\n\nI had a bottle of olive oil spill on a throw rug. I have tried to wash it. It\ncame out on the top part of the rug, but the rubber backing is still oily\nfeeling. How do I get that off the backing?\n\nThank you\n\nLike\n\n0\n\nPlease wait...\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### advertisement\n\n### Featured Guides\n\n#### The Best Air-Cleaning Plants For Your Home\n\n#### “Empty The Garden Centers” – A Call To Clean The Air In Response to the\nAmazon Fires\n\n#### What is the Pixie Stamp?\n\n#### Natural Liquid-Free Way to Clean Your Phone on the Go for Cheap\n\n## Related Posts\n\nHow to Get Chewing Gum out of Carpet\n\nHow to Clean Blood from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove a Marinara Sauce Stain from Carpet\n\nHow to Remove Yogurt Stains\n\n## Footer\n\n### Cleaning Index\n\n * Cleaning Blog\n * Automotive\n * Clothing & Fabrics\n * Floor & Carpet\n * House\n * Kitchen & Bath\n * Outdoors\n * People & Pets\n * Things You Own\n\n### Site Search:\n\n### About Us\n\n * About Us\n * Guest Post Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Accessibility Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Ask a Question\n * Contact Us\n * Site Map\n\n© Copyright 2021 HowToCleanStuff.net · All Rights Reserved ·\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210819080904/https://www.goodhousekeeping.com/home/cleaning/tips/a12793/stains-grease-may07/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Get Grease Stains Out of Clothes",
"passages": [
"Even though pizza is your favorite Friday night dinner, it's often the culprit behind life's worst grease stains. \"Grease is one of the most common stains I get asked about and it can be one of the toughest to remove, especially from synthetic fabrics, like polyester,\" Carolyn Forte, Director of the Home Appliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute, says.",
"Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam worked the best on grease in our Cleaning Lab tests, but if you're at work or nowhere near a laundry room, there are a couple of easy remedies that will help get out fresh grease stains. Forte's go-to for removing grease stains on the go: dish soap. It's made to cut grease on your plates, so it can also help with your clothes.",
"The condiments on your table can work magic, too. A sprinkle of salt or artificial sweetener helps prevent an oil stain from setting into the fabric and makes it easier to lift when you're doing laundry later on.",
"Follow these six simple steps for getting out new and old grease stains, no matter where you are (or what oily food you spilled).",
"If you're out and about, quickly sprinkle a little salt or artificial sweetener on the stain to keep it from setting.",
"When it's time to launder it, rub in liquid laundry detergent or apply a pre-treater, like Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam.",
"This content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto this page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find more information about this and similar content at piano.io",
"A Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Grease Stains Out of Clothes - Remove Grease from Carpet and Shirts\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nAmazon's Best Back-to-School Deals of 2021\n\n2\n\n105 Boy Dog Names That Are as Charming and Special\n\n3\n\nI Was Determined to Find a Unique Name for My Son\n\n4\n\n25 Beautiful Blue Bedrooms That Will Inspire\n\n5\n\nHow to Count Macronutrients Like a Pro\n\nWe may earn commission from links on this page, but we only recommend products\nwe back. Why trust us?\n\n# How to Get Grease Out of Clothes, Whether the Stain Is Fresh or Dried\n\nBecause you're not about to give up pizza.\n\nBy Caroline Picard and Carolyn Forte, Good Housekeeping Institute\n\nMar 29, 2021\n\nGetty Images\n\nEven though pizza is your favorite Friday night dinner, it's often the culprit\nbehind life's worst grease stains. \"Grease is one of the most common stains I\nget asked about and it can be one of the toughest to remove, especially from\nsynthetic fabrics, like polyester,\" Carolyn Forte, Director of the Home\nAppliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good Housekeeping Institute, says.\n\nShout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam worked the best on grease in our Cleaning\nLab tests, but if you're at work or nowhere near a laundry room, there are a\ncouple of easy remedies that will help get out fresh grease stains. Forte's\ngo-to for removing grease stains on the go: dish soap. It's made to cut grease\non your plates, so it can also help with your clothes.\n\nThe condiments on your table can work magic, too. A sprinkle of salt or\nartificial sweetener helps prevent an oil stain from setting into the fabric\nand makes it easier to lift when you're doing laundry later on.\n\n## How to Get Grease Stains Out of Washable Clothes\n\nFollow these six simple steps for getting out new and old grease stains, no\nmatter where you are (or what oily food you spilled).\n\n#### Materials\n\n * Salt or artificial sweetener\n * Dish soap\n * Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam or another pre-treater\n\n#### Step-by-step Instructions\n\n 1. If you're out and about, quickly sprinkle a little salt or artificial sweetener on the stain to keep it from setting.\n 2. Brush off the powder after a few minutes.\n 3. At home, immediately work a little grease-cutting dishwashing soap into the stain and rinse with warm water.\n 4. When it's time to launder it, rub in liquid laundry detergent or apply a pre-treater, like Shout Advanced Grease-Busting Foam.\n 5. Wash in the hottest water safe for the fabric.\n 6. Air dry the garment until you are sure the stain is completely gone.\n\nThat's it! Consider your work shirt officially saved.\n\nCaroline Picard Health Editor Caroline is the Health Editor at\nGoodHousekeeping.com covering nutrition, fitness, wellness, and other\nlifestyle news.\n\nCarolyn Forte, Good Housekeeping Institute Director, Home Appliances &\nCleaning Products Lab Carolyn Forte, a consumer products expert, is the\ndirector of the Home Appliances & Cleaning Products Lab at the Good\nHousekeeping Institute.\n\nThis content is created and maintained by a third party, and imported onto\nthis page to help users provide their email addresses. You may be able to find\nmore information about this and similar content at piano.io\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Stain Buster\n\nHow to Deep Clean a Mattress Yourself\n\nHow to Easily Remove Pen Ink From Clothes\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nHow to Get Coffee Stains Out of Everything\n\nHow to Remove Red Wine Stains\n\nHow to Remove Sweat Stains From White Shirts\n\n8 Homemade Cleaners You Can Make Yourself\n\nHow to Make Your Microwave Look and Smell Like New\n\nThe Least Gross Way to Get Rid of Poop Stains\n\nHow to Take Mascara Stains Out of Anything\n\nOur 50 Best Tips to Make Your House Super Clean\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give GH as a Gift\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Newsletter\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Work for Good Housekeeping\n * Media Kit\n * Advertise Online\n * Customer Service\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Good Housekeeping participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2021 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice/Notice at Collection\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\nDo Not Sell My Personal Information\n\n"
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"original_url": "http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191101145621/http://www.housecleaningcentral.com:80/en/cleaning-tips/stain-removal/remove-carpet-stain.html",
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"title": "Remove Carpet Stain-Stain Removal",
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"Enjoy clean and beautiful looking carpets. No more stains, no more odor! Learn proven ways to remove carpet stains throughout the house.",
"Have you noticed that your carpet is looking a little drab? Does it look old and tired with too many stains? Unfortunately, this problem is very common. Carpet sales are big business for this very reason.",
"However, before you run out and spend a fortune to replace stained carpet, you might consider trying to remove the stains first. Many times, people will end up with stains caused by pet urine, coffee, lipstick, chocolate, grease, and other things that are believed impossible to remove.",
"In truth, some stains are difficult to get rid of but with the appropriate methods or products, you would be amazed at how you can transform and revitalize your carpeting.",
"This article will teach you a number of methods on how to remove carpet stains so you can once again have beautiful, new-looking carpet. Most stains like those mentioned and many more, can be removed and to the point where your carpeting will look amazing.",
"Coffee and other drink stains are common for carpets. People get in a hurry, bump into something, kids play, and soon, spills happen.",
"To remove carpet stains caused by coffee, as well as tea, wine, and grape juice, start by blotting up as much of the liquid as you possibly can, using a white towel or paper towels. In fact, if you have a wet or shop vacuum, that would be he perfect solution.",
"Once you have the excess liquid absorbed, sprinkle the stain with your choice of tonic water, 7-Up, or club soda. Make sure you use a liberal amount and then let the liquid stand for about five minutes.",
"Next, take a clean white towel or paper towel and again blot to remove the liquid. You might even consider standing on the towel to apply some weight, which will help. Repeat the cleaning process as many times as necessary to remove the moisture. Finally, rinse the area with clean water, using a fresh towel to go through the blotting process again to remove excess liquid.",
"Another great way to remove carpet stains caused by coffee is to create a mixture of one-quarter teaspoon dishwashing soap such as Dawn or Sunlight, with one quart of warm water. Using just a small amount of the solution, work it into the stain.",
"Go back to the towel procedure of blotting up the moisture and the stain will disappear. One other option is to sprinkle the coffee stain with 3% hydrogen peroxide, letting it stand for four to six hours. At that point, blot up as much of the peroxide as you can and then reapply more, letting it stand this time overnight. In the morning, blot off any excess peroxide, blotting one final time. You will be amazed at how great your carpet looks.",
"If you have small children, chances are you have crayon marks somewhere on your carpeting. Perhaps you live in a construction zone where roads are being worked on and you notice tar or you might simply have areas where greasy food has dropped, leaving an unwanted stain. Regardless of the case, all three of these problems can be removed using the same techniques. These steps will show you how to remove carpet stains, giving your room a new appearance.",
"For starters, we suggest you apply a dry cleaning solvent onto a slightly damp, terrycloth or cotton towel (a white towel is best). Use the moisture on the towel to blot and to remove as much of the stain as possible. Many times, the stain will come right up but if not, you may need to repeat the cleaning process several times. Do not be discouraged if you do because oil, tar, and crayon can be stubborn.",
"After you notice the stain disappearing, rinse the area well with clean, warm water. By using a white towel, you will be able to see when the stain no longer appears on it, giving you a good indication that it is no longer in the carpet. You can also try rubbing alcohol, also applying it to a clean white towel. With this, if the spot is deep in the carpet pile, then blot until the stain is removed. The key with using alcohol is to avoid using too much. The reason is that if alcohol penetrates carpet backing, it can damage or destroy the latex bond. Now, to remove the carpet stain if it is on the surface only, rub going in just one direction and stop once the stain is gone.",
"Another great tip for removing carpet stains from oil, tar, or crayon is to use one-quarter teaspoon of dishwashing detergent (without lanolin or bleach) with one-quarter water. Using the blotting motion and a clean, white towel, the stain should come right up. When done, spray the area with clean water to rinse, again blotting to remove the excess liquid. When dry, vacuum as usual and enjoy a clean carpet.",
"Two other common types of stains are chocolate and ice cream, especially in carpeted kitchens, dining rooms, and family rooms. To remove carpet stains such as these, start by scraping off any excess stain. Sometimes, chocolate and ice cream will dry, leaving behind a raised residue. You want to get this off first before working on the stain underneath. Next, make a mixture of one- teaspoon dishwashing soap and one cup of warm water.",
"Take a clean, white towel and moisten it with the detergent mixture. Apply to the stain and blot (do not rub) to remove as much of the stain as possible. More than likely, you will need to repeat the cleaning process several times to get the stain up so be patient. Once you find that no more chocolate or ice cream transfers to the cloth rinse the area with clean water, again blotting to get up any leftover moisture.",
"As mentioned, carpets will get dirty from everyday use. To replace carpeting is expensive and most often, you can remove carpet stains and make a huge difference in how your carpet looks and feels. Therefore, before you make a major investment, try it.",
"Born and raised in Seattle, Washington, Mrs Clean (Corina Wilson) is not only the owner of the company, but a very busy mother of 3 children.",
"Mrs Clean realized long ago, that a clean home is a necessity, not a luxury when we are struggling to find the time in our day to cover the very basic levels of work and/or family obligations. The battle seems to never end... (but that's why we're here to help!)",
"When Mrs Clean is not busy managing her house cleaning company or running her kids back and forth to their events, she enjoys experimenting with natural and non-toxic cleaners and learning new techniques to remove stains.",
"Mrs Clean's house cleaning tips, stain removal, organizing tips & product/equipment review data is for general guidance and research purposes only. Cleaning products ingredients vary and you should read all labels carefully and follow the manufacturers instructions completely. Always test your cleaning or stain removal treatments in an inconspicuous area first, to ensure colorfastness and suitability.",
"Check out our new home Remedies & natural cures. We'd love to hear your feed back or any comments you have."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Remove Carpet Stain-Stain Removal\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Contact Mrs Clean\n * House Cleaning Tips\n * Equipment Reviews\n\nHouse Cleaning Tips > Stain Removal > Remove Carpet Stain\n\n# How To Remove Carpet Stains\n\n## Carpet Stain Removal Tips\n\nEnjoy clean and beautiful looking carpets. No more stains, no more odor! Learn\nproven ways to remove carpet stains throughout the house.\n\nHave you noticed that your carpet is looking a little drab? Does it look old\nand tired with too many stains? Unfortunately, this problem is very common.\nCarpet sales are big business for this very reason.\n\nHowever, before you run out and spend a fortune to replace stained carpet, you\nmight consider trying to remove the stains first. Many times, people will end\nup with stains caused by pet urine, coffee, lipstick, chocolate, grease, and\nother things that are believed impossible to remove.\n\nIn truth, some stains are difficult to get rid of but with the appropriate\nmethods or products, you would be amazed at how you can transform and\nrevitalize your carpeting.\n\nThis article will teach you a number of methods on how to remove carpet stains\nso you can once again have beautiful, new-looking carpet. Most stains like\nthose mentioned and many more, can be removed and to the point where your\ncarpeting will look amazing.\n\n### Removing Coffee Stains From Carpet\n\nCoffee and other drink stains are common for carpets. People get in a hurry,\nbump into something, kids play, and soon, spills happen.\n\nTo remove carpet stains caused by coffee, as well as tea, wine, and grape\njuice, start by blotting up as much of the liquid as you possibly can, using a\nwhite towel or paper towels. In fact, if you have a wet or shop vacuum, that\nwould be he perfect solution.\n\nOnce you have the excess liquid absorbed, sprinkle the stain with your choice\nof tonic water, 7-Up, or club soda. Make sure you use a liberal amount and\nthen let the liquid stand for about five minutes.\n\nNext, take a clean white towel or paper towel and again blot to remove the\nliquid. You might even consider standing on the towel to apply some weight,\nwhich will help. Repeat the cleaning process as many times as necessary to\nremove the moisture. Finally, rinse the area with clean water, using a fresh\ntowel to go through the blotting process again to remove excess liquid.\n\nAnother great way to remove carpet stains caused by coffee is to create a\nmixture of one-quarter teaspoon dishwashing soap such as Dawn or Sunlight,\nwith one quart of warm water. Using just a small amount of the solution, work\nit into the stain.\n\nGo back to the towel procedure of blotting up the moisture and the stain will\ndisappear. One other option is to sprinkle the coffee stain with 3% hydrogen\nperoxide, letting it stand for four to six hours. At that point, blot up as\nmuch of the peroxide as you can and then reapply more, letting it stand this\ntime overnight. In the morning, blot off any excess peroxide, blotting one\nfinal time. You will be amazed at how great your carpet looks.\n\n### Removing Oil, Tar, and Crayon Stains From Carpet\n\nIf you have small children, chances are you have crayon marks somewhere on\nyour carpeting. Perhaps you live in a construction zone where roads are being\nworked on and you notice tar or you might simply have areas where greasy food\nhas dropped, leaving an unwanted stain. Regardless of the case, all three of\nthese problems can be removed using the same techniques. These steps will show\nyou how to remove carpet stains, giving your room a new appearance.\n\nFor starters, we suggest you apply a dry cleaning solvent onto a slightly\ndamp, terrycloth or cotton towel (a white towel is best). Use the moisture on\nthe towel to blot and to remove as much of the stain as possible. Many times,\nthe stain will come right up but if not, you may need to repeat the cleaning\nprocess several times. Do not be discouraged if you do because oil, tar, and\ncrayon can be stubborn.\n\nAfter you notice the stain disappearing, rinse the area well with clean, warm\nwater. By using a white towel, you will be able to see when the stain no\nlonger appears on it, giving you a good indication that it is no longer in the\ncarpet. You can also try rubbing alcohol, also applying it to a clean white\ntowel. With this, if the spot is deep in the carpet pile, then blot until the\nstain is removed. The key with using alcohol is to avoid using too much. The\nreason is that if alcohol penetrates carpet backing, it can damage or destroy\nthe latex bond. Now, to remove the carpet stain if it is on the surface only,\nrub going in just one direction and stop once the stain is gone.\n\nAnother great tip for removing carpet stains from oil, tar, or crayon is to\nuse one-quarter teaspoon of dishwashing detergent (without lanolin or bleach)\nwith one-quarter water. Using the blotting motion and a clean, white towel,\nthe stain should come right up. When done, spray the area with clean water to\nrinse, again blotting to remove the excess liquid. When dry, vacuum as usual\nand enjoy a clean carpet.\n\n### Get Rid of Chocolate and Ice Cream Stains From Carpet\n\nTwo other common types of stains are chocolate and ice cream, especially in\ncarpeted kitchens, dining rooms, and family rooms. To remove carpet stains\nsuch as these, start by scraping off any excess stain. Sometimes, chocolate\nand ice cream will dry, leaving behind a raised residue. You want to get this\noff first before working on the stain underneath. Next, make a mixture of one-\nteaspoon dishwashing soap and one cup of warm water.\n\nTake a clean, white towel and moisten it with the detergent mixture. Apply to\nthe stain and blot (do not rub) to remove as much of the stain as possible.\nMore than likely, you will need to repeat the cleaning process several times\nto get the stain up so be patient. Once you find that no more chocolate or ice\ncream transfers to the cloth rinse the area with clean water, again blotting\nto get up any leftover moisture.\n\nAs mentioned, carpets will get dirty from everyday use. To replace carpeting\nis expensive and most often, you can remove carpet stains and make a huge\ndifference in how your carpet looks and feels. Therefore, before you make a\nmajor investment, try it.\n\nCreated: 17 July 2009. Modified: 26 November 2011.\n\n| Print |\n\n### Connect with Mrs Clean!\n\nBorn and raised in Seattle, Washington, Mrs Clean (Corina Wilson) is not only\nthe owner of the company, but a very busy mother of 3 children.\n\nMrs Clean realized long ago, that a clean home is a necessity, not a luxury\nwhen we are struggling to find the time in our day to cover the very basic\nlevels of work and/or family obligations. The battle seems to never end...\n(but that's why we're here to help!)\n\nWhen Mrs Clean is not busy managing her house cleaning company or running her\nkids back and forth to their events, she enjoys experimenting with natural and\nnon-toxic cleaners and learning new techniques to remove stains.\n\nShe thoroughly enjoys sharing her valuable information with the readers of her\nblogs and various social media sites.\n\n### Valuable Cleaning Tips!\n\nConnect with Mrs Clean for valuable House Cleaning Tips on Twitter.\n\nCopyright © By Mrs Clean House Cleaning and Maid Service. All rights Reserved.\n\nHonest to Goodness Clean ®\n\n * House Cleaning Tips\n\n * Bathrooms\n * Bedrooms\n * Checklists\n * Cleaning Tip\n * Cleaning Products\n * Clothing\n * Clutter\n * Floors\n * Furniture\n * Glass\n * Kitchen\n * Living Area\n * Odor Removal\n * Organizing\n * Pet Stains\n * Stain Removal\n * Guest Post\n * Product Reviews\n\n * Steam Cleaners\n * Vacuum Cleaners\n * Buffer Polisher\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Contact Mrs Clean\n * House Cleaning Tips\n * Equipment Reviews\n\nDo one thing. Do it well. Do it better than anyone else. Do it for less.\n\n * About Us\n * Mrs Clean\n * Our Mission\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Service\n * Submit Article\n * Link to Us\n\n * Top\n\nMrs Clean's house cleaning tips, stain removal, organizing tips &\nproduct/equipment review data is for general guidance and research purposes\nonly. Cleaning products ingredients vary and you should read all labels\ncarefully and follow the manufacturers instructions completely. Always test\nyour cleaning or stain removal treatments in an inconspicuous area first, to\nensure colorfastness and suitability.\n\n### Latest Pins on Pinterest\n\nCheck out our new home Remedies & natural cures. We'd love to hear your feed\nback or any comments you have.\n\nContact Mrs Clean at Mrs Clean, Inc. Bellevue / Redmond / Sammamish: (425)\n881-8411, Seattle / Toll Free: (888) Clean-07 / (888) 253-2607 Mill Creek /\nKirkland / Woodinville / Lynnwood: (425) 787-9252\n\nCopyright © 2003 - 2019. Mrs. Clean's House Cleaning & Maid Service. All\nrights reserved by Mrs Clean.\n\n"
}
] |
1,347,209 | How To Prevent Muscle Cramps | To prevent muscle cramps, try drinking plenty of water throughout the day to stay hydrated. Calcium is also important for preventing muscle cramps, so try consuming more low-fat dairy, such as yogurt and skim milk. If you get muscle cramps after exercising, make sure to warm up for five to ten minutes before working out to ease your muscles into the exercise. Similarly, you should stretch your calves before any aerobic exercise to reduce the risk of cramping. You can do this by leaning against a wall and bending each leg in turn for at least 20 seconds to stretch the opposite leg. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210610100100/https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210515201736/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170730073018/http://www.prevention.com:80/fitness/fitness-tips/muscle-cramps",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171019234748/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00200",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223334/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416170328/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=2",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512215452/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517"
] | train | 1,945 | [
{
"original_url": "https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210610100100/https://well.blogs.nytimes.com/2010/06/09/phys-ed-can-pickle-juice-stop-muscle-cramps/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?",
"passages": [
"Recently, 10 healthy male college students filed into an exercise laboratory at Brigham Young University in Utah to drink pickle juice. Many people involved in sports are convinced that the briny fluid combats muscle cramping. In a 2008 survey, a quarter of the athletic trainers interviewed said that they regularly dispense pickle juice to cramp-stricken athletes. Many also report that, in their experiences, the stuff quickly brakes the cramping. The athletic trainers have told researchers that they believe the pickle juice must be replenishing the salt and fluids the athletes had lost to sweat. But no laboratory science had verified that theory.",
"The Utah volunteers began with a series of 30-minute bicycling sessions, using a semi-recumbent bicycle, configured so that only the leg pedaled. The laboratory was warm, increasing the amount the exercising men sweated. Each cycled in 30-minute bouts (with five minutes of rest between) until each had lost 3 percent of his body weight through perspiration, a widely accepted definition of mild dehydration.",
"The young men were then fitted with a contraption on the big toe of their unexercised leg, and the tibial nerve in the men’s ankles was electrically stimulated, causing a muscle in the big toe to cramp. (The procedure causes some discomfort, making it too painful to use on larger muscles, like the hamstrings or the quadriceps.) The volunteers were told to relax and let the cramps run their course. The average duration of the cramps was about two and a half minutes.",
"The volunteers rested and did not drink any fluids. Then their tibial nerve was zapped again. This time, though, as soon as the toe cramps began, each man downed about 2.5 ounces of either deionized water or pickle juice, strained from a jar of ordinary Vlasic dills. The reaction, for some, was rapid. Within about 85 seconds, the men drinking pickle juice stopped cramping. But the cramps continued unabated in the men drinking water. Pickle juice had “relieved a cramp 45 percent faster” than drinking no fluids and about 37 percent faster than water, concluded the authors of the study, which was published last month on the Web site of the journal of the American College of Sports Medicine.",
"Exercise-induced muscle cramps are one of the continuing mysteries of physiology. Extremely pervasive, they afflict most active people at some point. But scientists remain deeply divided about what causes the cramping. For years, most people, inside and outside academia, believed that cramping was caused by sweating-induced dehydration and the accompanying loss of sodium and potassium. Sufferers were advised to load up on potassium-rich bananas or chug large amounts of salty sports drinks.",
"But a number of laboratory and field studies in recent years have undermined the dehydration theory. The most recent, completed by the same group of scientists who studied pickle juice, employed a similar study design. A group of college students had cramps induced in their toes. They then pedaled with one leg until dehydration set in. Their toes were made to cramp again, Presumably if dehydration were the underlying cause of the cramping, the scientists should have been able to induce a cramp with less electrical stimulation when the men were dehydrated; their muscles should have been primed to cramp. But the experiment didn’t work out that way. As detailed last month in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, the scientists had to use the same amount of stimulation to induce a cramp after dehydration as they had before. Their conclusion? “Exercise-induced cramps occurring to athletes” who are mildly dehydrated “were likely not caused by dehydration,” says Kevin C. Miller, Ph.D., ATC, the lead author of both studies and now an assistant professor in the Athletic Training Education Program at North Dakota State University in Fargo.",
"What, then, does probably cause athletes to cramp? The pickle-juice experiment provides some intriguing clues. “The pickle juice did not have time” to leave the men’s stomachs during the experiment, Dr. Miller points out. So the liquid itself could not have been replenishing lost fluids and salt in the affected muscles. Instead some other mechanism must have initiated the cramps and been stymied by the pickle juice.",
"Dr. Miller suspects that that mechanism is exhaustion, either directly or through biochemical processes that accompany fatigue. Certain mechanisms within muscles have been found, in animal and limited human studies, he says, to start misfiring when a muscle is extremely tired. Small nerves that should keep the muscle from overcontracting malfunction, and the muscle bunches when it should relax. Pickle juice may work, Dr. Miller says, by countermanding the malfunction. Something in the acidic juice, perhaps even a specific molecule of some kind, may be lighting up specialized nervous-system receptors in the throat or stomach, he says, which, in turn, send out nerve signals that somehow disrupt the reflex melee in the muscles. Dr. Miller suspects that ultimately, it’s the vinegar in the pickle juice that activates the receptors. In a recent case report by other researchers, a single athlete’s cramping was relieved more quickly when he drank pure vinegar (without much pleasure, I’m sure) than when he drank pickle juice.",
"At the moment, speculation about the powers of pickle juice remains just that, speculative. “It’s extremely challenging” to induce realistic sports cramps in the lab, Dr. Miller says. His technique, of causing the big toe to spasm, while useful, can’t fully replicate what happens in larger, stronger leg muscles during a cramp. Still, the work is suggestive and, perhaps most important, implies methods for finding relief. “If muscle fatigue is the cause,” he says, then training properly, building up your mileage slowly and perhaps adding strength training that focuses specifically on muscles that have cramped in the past, may help. In the meantime, if your calf or other muscle suddenly, painfully catches, “try stretching it,” Dr. Miller says. Doing so has been found in laboratory studies to significantly shorten the duration of a muscle cramp, most likely by shaking up and resetting the misfiring muscle and nerve reflexes. And perhaps, if you can stomach the idea, pack a few ounces of pickle juice on your next training session. It’s not as palatable as bananas, but unlike them, Dr. Miller says, “it seems to work.”",
"I am not an athlete, but I have had a history of violent muscle cramps. The miracle remedy that I found is “Leg Cramps” by Hylands. It has quinine in it. I buy it over the counter at Wal-Mart. It’s freely available, inexpensive, and works instantly.",
"Because I have osteoporosis (yes, men get it too), I take Actonel, but found it caused painful muscle cramps, mostly in my calves, while I slept. My endocrinologist suggested adding a magnesium supplement to my diet (not too much or one becomes prisoner to its laxative effect!).",
"Now, I’m also fond of pickles – the real sour garlic ones – not those wimpy dills – but 100 mg of magnesium every other day has more appeal than keeping a jar of pickle juice on my nightstand.",
"I’m always looking for a magic bullet to relieve the insidious nightmare called RLS (restless legs syndrome), which sometimes make me think about sawing off my limbs . I’ll try anything, and pickle juice just got my attention.",
"The researchers are missing an even simpler mechanism: protons (hydrogen ions, which are what characterize acid fluids) migrate from the digestive tract into the blood stream, and, after causing a slight decrease in pH, increase the ionized (active) concentration of many other chemical species, notably calcium and magnesium. Magnesium is recommended for diabetics with leg cramping, so it would not be surprising to find that a short term Mg deficit was responsible for cramping in athletes, and that such a deficit was corrected by decreasing the blood pH (making the blood more acid).",
"Ironically, acid in the digestive system increases its permeability, further increasing the migration of H+ (and other ions, notably K+), something that many acid reflux sufferers have experienced. This increased permeability transporting iron ions is also believed to be responsible for some intractable cases of depression, similar to that caused by many blood pressure medications.",
"Mustard works too, even if it’s not as palatable as pickle juice! Regular yellow mustard — a teaspoonful, and for muscle cramps other than the exercise- induced kind... Tonic water can also help, as well as magnesium. But most people have mustard in their fridges and might not have the other stuff.",
"Intriguing. My foot cramps are theorized to be caused by Reynaud’s vasoconstriction–I wonder if the cramping mechanism affected by the pickle juice is the same, despite likely different triggers.",
"I might buy some dill pickles and test this on my cramps. If the acidity is the functional player, I could try diluted vinegar, but I will probably eliminate that variable in an initial test. If I could get rapid relief from the cramps without having to soak my feet in warm water or without taking nifedipine as a prophylactic in the winter, I’ll be thrilled.",
"Pickle juice is a home remedy advocated on some GERD treatment websites. In my experience, it does seem to alleviate GERD symptoms. Perhaps there is something in pickle juice which affects how muscles respond to certain stimuli.",
"I’m an athlete who suffers from severe, intermittent muscle cramping as an after-effect of having had West Nile virus in 2003. My muscles tend to contract and want to stay contracted.",
"Is there any magnesium in pickle juice? I’ve discovered that if I take magnesium every day, my muscles don’t cramp. Apparently mag helps to fire the nerves involved in the muscle relaxation phase.",
"My big dressage horse became much more supple and relaxed in his work after he was also discovered to be magnesium deficient and started on a mag supplement. I assume that he was cramping, too.",
"Am I the only one who sometimes gets middle-of-the-night calf cramps after drinking too much (which presumably causes dehydration much more so than fatigue)? I’d like to see them look more broadly at cramps that occur where there is no obvious source of muscle fatigue.",
"If vinegar is proven to be the active ingredient in pickle juice that rapidly relieves muscle cramps, this discovery may unlock a biblical mystery. In the best eyewitness account of the crucifiction of Jesus Christ, John 19:28-30 describes Jesus receiving a drink of wine vinegar prior to death.",
"No prior discussion has made it clear why wine vinegar was placed at the disposal of crucified victims. Crucifiction was designed to cause prolonged, maximal torture. The suspended, spread-eagle body position with flexed knees required active muscular contraction to produce each exhalation. In the setting of dehydration and muscular effort, muscle cramps would have been very common and painful. Providing wine vinegar may have introduced a classic Catch-22. relieving the immediate pain and disability produced by cramping muscles while allowing prolongation of the overall torture.",
"If other historical records can be found to document the use of wine vinegar during crucifiction, it may be useful to concentrate studies on vinegar derived from wine as opposed to other sources. I look forward to feedback from other readers and possible follow up stories.",
"Fantastic. My crew coach used to tell us to use pickle juice for muscle cramps. The old goat was right after all! He also advocated blackberry brandy for diarrhea. That might be easier to study on college students. Then again, maybe not.",
"For about the past 20 years I’ve been suffering from cramps in the muscles that go from my right knee to my right hip. About once a year these cramps are very strong and last for some time, Practically every other day they last a few seconds, but recurr aabout every ten minutes and do not let me sleep. Massaging helps but does not stop them completely. Could you give me the name of books where I could read up on this?",
"Yeah but this isn’t news. As a very athletic kid growing up playing Pop Warner and high school sports I often suffered ‘charlie horse’ cramps. Sometimes in the middle of the night while asleep. My mother while vigoriously massaging my leg or thigh muscle gave me a jigger of vinegar (preferably, apple cider variety) and within minutes the cramps subsided. I’m now 55 yrs. old and I thought everybody knew this.",
"i get leg cramps so bad it feels like the muscle is tearing off the bone lasting 30 minutes. I found taking 4 advil will relieve cramp in a couple of minutes every time. I carry it with me at all times",
"Interesting. When I get a muscle cramp (usually gastrocnemius), if I punch it with my fist for 20-30 seconds, the cramp goes away.",
"What does work is quinine, most easily available in tonic . This has been known for years. Why it is not used by athletes is beyond me",
"also for joint pains (big toe, esp.) check out the effect of a tablespoon of unfiltered apple cider vinegar–or eating an apple or two, skin on.",
"(My theory as to why the “unfiltered” vinegar works (it contains “the mother” or maybe “must” or just most of the skin, reduced to particulate size) because it does contain (what’s left of) the skin.",
"check around on the web for more info, but for me it worked w/in 5 hours of a very, very painful big-toe joint.",
"I think this could also be a placebo effect of some kind. The athletes can tell the difference between pickle juice and water, or between vinegar and pickle juice.",
"I was always told to drink quinine water (or better yet) a gin and tonic to ward off cramps. It seemed to work, even when it was all tonic and no gin....",
"My father used pickle juice to strengthen his hands.. When we got a cramp we used Quinine water and that weorked!",
"After a comminuted distal tibial/fibular fracture, I was plagued with severe calf cramps in the injured leg at night. The cast meant I couldn’t stretch to relieve them, I just had to suffer. Until my doctor recommended drinking 6-8 ounces of tonic water that contained quinine nightly before bedtime.",
"“not as palatable as bananas...” I love pickles and pickle juice and now I finally have a reason to indulge my desire. Please write a followup about how maraschino cherry juice prevents alzheimer’s!",
"As a rugby player, for years I’ve stopped night-time cramping after games by drinking dilute apple cider. The academic world is just discovering this?",
"Get Well's Running email for practical tips, expert advice, exclusive content and a bit of motivation delivered to your inbox every week to help you on your running journey. Coming soon."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps? - The New York Times\n\nSkip to content\n\n## The New York Times\n\n###### Well | Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?\n\nSupported by\n\n# Phys Ed: Can Pickle Juice Stop Muscle Cramps?\n\nBy Gretchen Reynolds June 9, 2010 12:01 am June 9, 2010 12:01 am\n\nStockbyte/Getty Images\n\nRecently, 10 healthy male college students filed into an exercise laboratory\nat Brigham Young University in Utah to drink pickle juice. Many people\ninvolved in sports are convinced that the briny fluid combats muscle cramping.\nIn a 2008 survey, a quarter of the athletic trainers interviewed said that\nthey regularly dispense pickle juice to cramp-stricken athletes. Many also\nreport that, in their experiences, the stuff quickly brakes the cramping. The\nathletic trainers have told researchers that they believe the pickle juice\nmust be replenishing the salt and fluids the athletes had lost to sweat. But\nno laboratory science had verified that theory.\n\nThe Utah volunteers began with a series of 30-minute bicycling sessions, using\na semi-recumbent bicycle, configured so that only the leg pedaled. The\nlaboratory was warm, increasing the amount the exercising men sweated. Each\ncycled in 30-minute bouts (with five minutes of rest between) until each had\nlost 3 percent of his body weight through perspiration, a widely accepted\ndefinition of mild dehydration.\n\nThe young men were then fitted with a contraption on the big toe of their\nunexercised leg, and the tibial nerve in the men’s ankles was electrically\nstimulated, causing a muscle in the big toe to cramp. (The procedure causes\nsome discomfort, making it too painful to use on larger muscles, like the\nhamstrings or the quadriceps.) The volunteers were told to relax and let the\ncramps run their course. The average duration of the cramps was about two and\na half minutes.\n\nThe volunteers rested and did not drink any fluids. Then their tibial nerve\nwas zapped again. This time, though, as soon as the toe cramps began, each man\ndowned about 2.5 ounces of either deionized water or pickle juice, strained\nfrom a jar of ordinary Vlasic dills. The reaction, for some, was rapid. Within\nabout 85 seconds, the men drinking pickle juice stopped cramping. But the\ncramps continued unabated in the men drinking water. Pickle juice had\n“relieved a cramp 45 percent faster” than drinking no fluids and about 37\npercent faster than water, concluded the authors of the study, which was\npublished last month on the Web site of the journal of the American College of\nSports Medicine.\n\n###### Related\n\n * More Phys Ed columns\n * Faster, Higher, Stronger\n * Fitness and Nutrition News\n\nExercise-induced muscle cramps are one of the continuing mysteries of\nphysiology. Extremely pervasive, they afflict most active people at some\npoint. But scientists remain deeply divided about what causes the cramping.\nFor years, most people, inside and outside academia, believed that cramping\nwas caused by sweating-induced dehydration and the accompanying loss of sodium\nand potassium. Sufferers were advised to load up on potassium-rich bananas or\nchug large amounts of salty sports drinks.\n\nBut a number of laboratory and field studies in recent years have undermined\nthe dehydration theory. The most recent, completed by the same group of\nscientists who studied pickle juice, employed a similar study design. A group\nof college students had cramps induced in their toes. They then pedaled with\none leg until dehydration set in. Their toes were made to cramp again,\nPresumably if dehydration were the underlying cause of the cramping, the\nscientists should have been able to induce a cramp with less electrical\nstimulation when the men were dehydrated; their muscles should have been\nprimed to cramp. But the experiment didn’t work out that way. As detailed last\nmonth in the journal Medicine and Science in Sports and Exercise, the\nscientists had to use the same amount of stimulation to induce a cramp after\ndehydration as they had before. Their conclusion? “Exercise-induced cramps\noccurring to athletes” who are mildly dehydrated “were likely not caused by\ndehydration,” says Kevin C. Miller, Ph.D., ATC, the lead author of both\nstudies and now an assistant professor in the Athletic Training Education\nProgram at North Dakota State University in Fargo.\n\nWhat, then, does probably cause athletes to cramp? The pickle-juice experiment\nprovides some intriguing clues. “The pickle juice did not have time” to leave\nthe men’s stomachs during the experiment, Dr. Miller points out. So the liquid\nitself could not have been replenishing lost fluids and salt in the affected\nmuscles. Instead some other mechanism must have initiated the cramps and been\nstymied by the pickle juice.\n\nDr. Miller suspects that that mechanism is exhaustion, either directly or\nthrough biochemical processes that accompany fatigue. Certain mechanisms\nwithin muscles have been found, in animal and limited human studies, he says,\nto start misfiring when a muscle is extremely tired. Small nerves that should\nkeep the muscle from overcontracting malfunction, and the muscle bunches when\nit should relax. Pickle juice may work, Dr. Miller says, by countermanding the\nmalfunction. Something in the acidic juice, perhaps even a specific molecule\nof some kind, may be lighting up specialized nervous-system receptors in the\nthroat or stomach, he says, which, in turn, send out nerve signals that\nsomehow disrupt the reflex melee in the muscles. Dr. Miller suspects that\nultimately, it’s the vinegar in the pickle juice that activates the receptors.\nIn a recent case report by other researchers, a single athlete’s cramping was\nrelieved more quickly when he drank pure vinegar (without much pleasure, I’m\nsure) than when he drank pickle juice.\n\nAt the moment, speculation about the powers of pickle juice remains just that,\nspeculative. “It’s extremely challenging” to induce realistic sports cramps in\nthe lab, Dr. Miller says. His technique, of causing the big toe to spasm,\nwhile useful, can’t fully replicate what happens in larger, stronger leg\nmuscles during a cramp. Still, the work is suggestive and, perhaps most\nimportant, implies methods for finding relief. “If muscle fatigue is the\ncause,” he says, then training properly, building up your mileage slowly and\nperhaps adding strength training that focuses specifically on muscles that\nhave cramped in the past, may help. In the meantime, if your calf or other\nmuscle suddenly, painfully catches, “try stretching it,” Dr. Miller says.\nDoing so has been found in laboratory studies to significantly shorten the\nduration of a muscle cramp, most likely by shaking up and resetting the\nmisfiring muscle and nerve reflexes. And perhaps, if you can stomach the idea,\npack a few ounces of pickle juice on your next training session. It’s not as\npalatable as bananas, but unlike them, Dr. Miller says, “it seems to work.”\n\nComments are no longer being accepted.\n\nJane June 9, 2010 · 12:17 am\n\nI am not an athlete, but I have had a history of violent muscle cramps. The\nmiracle remedy that I found is “Leg Cramps” by Hylands. It has quinine in it.\nI buy it over the counter at Wal-Mart. It’s freely available, inexpensive, and\nworks instantly.\n\nSimple is sometimes the best.\n\nBill June 9, 2010 · 1:20 am\n\nBecause I have osteoporosis (yes, men get it too), I take Actonel, but found\nit caused painful muscle cramps, mostly in my calves, while I slept. My\nendocrinologist suggested adding a magnesium supplement to my diet (not too\nmuch or one becomes prisoner to its laxative effect!).\n\nResult: no more being jolted awake by knotted muscles.\n\nNow, I’m also fond of pickles – the real sour garlic ones – not those wimpy\ndills – but 100 mg of magnesium every other day has more appeal than keeping a\njar of pickle juice on my nightstand.\n\nCould adding magnesium help athletes prevent the cramps?\n\nAdrian June 9, 2010 · 1:32 am\n\nI’m always looking for a magic bullet to relieve the insidious nightmare\ncalled RLS (restless legs syndrome), which sometimes make me think about\nsawing off my limbs . I’ll try anything, and pickle juice just got my\nattention.\n\nKen Belcher June 9, 2010 · 1:46 am\n\nThe researchers are missing an even simpler mechanism: protons (hydrogen ions,\nwhich are what characterize acid fluids) migrate from the digestive tract into\nthe blood stream, and, after causing a slight decrease in pH, increase the\nionized (active) concentration of many other chemical species, notably calcium\nand magnesium. Magnesium is recommended for diabetics with leg cramping, so it\nwould not be surprising to find that a short term Mg deficit was responsible\nfor cramping in athletes, and that such a deficit was corrected by decreasing\nthe blood pH (making the blood more acid).\n\nIronically, acid in the digestive system increases its permeability, further\nincreasing the migration of H+ (and other ions, notably K+), something that\nmany acid reflux sufferers have experienced. This increased permeability\ntransporting iron ions is also believed to be responsible for some intractable\ncases of depression, similar to that caused by many blood pressure\nmedications.\n\nJoelle Morrison June 9, 2010 · 2:04 am\n\nMustard works too, even if it’s not as palatable as pickle juice! Regular\nyellow mustard — a teaspoonful, and for muscle cramps other than the exercise-\ninduced kind... Tonic water can also help, as well as magnesium. But most\npeople have mustard in their fridges and might not have the other stuff.\n\nBeth June 9, 2010 · 2:14 am\n\nIntriguing. My foot cramps are theorized to be caused by Reynaud’s\nvasoconstriction–I wonder if the cramping mechanism affected by the pickle\njuice is the same, despite likely different triggers.\n\nI might buy some dill pickles and test this on my cramps. If the acidity is\nthe functional player, I could try diluted vinegar, but I will probably\neliminate that variable in an initial test. If I could get rapid relief from\nthe cramps without having to soak my feet in warm water or without taking\nnifedipine as a prophylactic in the winter, I’ll be thrilled.\n\nPeter M June 9, 2010 · 2:25 am\n\nPickle juice is a home remedy advocated on some GERD treatment websites. In my\nexperience, it does seem to alleviate GERD symptoms. Perhaps there is\nsomething in pickle juice which affects how muscles respond to certain\nstimuli.\n\nPaula June 9, 2010 · 2:33 am\n\nI’m an athlete who suffers from severe, intermittent muscle cramping as an\nafter-effect of having had West Nile virus in 2003. My muscles tend to\ncontract and want to stay contracted.\n\nIs there any magnesium in pickle juice? I’ve discovered that if I take\nmagnesium every day, my muscles don’t cramp. Apparently mag helps to fire the\nnerves involved in the muscle relaxation phase.\n\nMy big dressage horse became much more supple and relaxed in his work after he\nwas also discovered to be magnesium deficient and started on a mag supplement.\nI assume that he was cramping, too.\n\nHope this is news someone can use. I’ll have to pick up a jar of dills for\nemergencies.\n\nTB June 9, 2010 · 2:36 am\n\nAm I the only one who sometimes gets middle-of-the-night calf cramps after\ndrinking too much (which presumably causes dehydration much more so than\nfatigue)? I’d like to see them look more broadly at cramps that occur where\nthere is no obvious source of muscle fatigue.\n\nAlan Caroe, MD June 9, 2010 · 3:04 am\n\nIf vinegar is proven to be the active ingredient in pickle juice that rapidly\nrelieves muscle cramps, this discovery may unlock a biblical mystery. In the\nbest eyewitness account of the crucifiction of Jesus Christ, John 19:28-30\ndescribes Jesus receiving a drink of wine vinegar prior to death.\n\nNo prior discussion has made it clear why wine vinegar was placed at the\ndisposal of crucified victims. Crucifiction was designed to cause prolonged,\nmaximal torture. The suspended, spread-eagle body position with flexed knees\nrequired active muscular contraction to produce each exhalation. In the\nsetting of dehydration and muscular effort, muscle cramps would have been very\ncommon and painful. Providing wine vinegar may have introduced a classic\nCatch-22. relieving the immediate pain and disability produced by cramping\nmuscles while allowing prolongation of the overall torture.\n\nIf other historical records can be found to document the use of wine vinegar\nduring crucifiction, it may be useful to concentrate studies on vinegar\nderived from wine as opposed to other sources. I look forward to feedback from\nother readers and possible follow up stories.\n\nMOuser June 9, 2010 · 3:16 am\n\nFantastic. My crew coach used to tell us to use pickle juice for muscle\ncramps. The old goat was right after all! He also advocated blackberry brandy\nfor diarrhea. That might be easier to study on college students. Then again,\nmaybe not.\n\nJuliette/Italy June 9, 2010 · 4:15 am\n\nFor about the past 20 years I’ve been suffering from cramps in the muscles\nthat go from my right knee to my right hip. About once a year these cramps are\nvery strong and last for some time, Practically every other day they last a\nfew seconds, but recurr aabout every ten minutes and do not let me sleep.\nMassaging helps but does not stop them completely. Could you give me the name\nof books where I could read up on this?\n\nKind regards, Juliette Pallas\n\nsean June 9, 2010 · 4:20 am\n\nYeah but this isn’t news. As a very athletic kid growing up playing Pop Warner\nand high school sports I often suffered ‘charlie horse’ cramps. Sometimes in\nthe middle of the night while asleep. My mother while vigoriously massaging my\nleg or thigh muscle gave me a jigger of vinegar (preferably, apple cider\nvariety) and within minutes the cramps subsided. I’m now 55 yrs. old and I\nthought everybody knew this.\n\nscott burns June 9, 2010 · 4:35 am\n\ni get leg cramps so bad it feels like the muscle is tearing off the bone\nlasting 30 minutes. I found taking 4 advil will relieve cramp in a couple of\nminutes every time. I carry it with me at all times\n\nmichael June 9, 2010 · 5:07 am\n\nInteresting. When I get a muscle cramp (usually gastrocnemius), if I punch it\nwith my fist for 20-30 seconds, the cramp goes away.\n\nDr S June 9, 2010 · 5:20 am\n\nWhat does work is quinine, most easily available in tonic . This has been\nknown for years. Why it is not used by athletes is beyond me\n\nBill W. June 9, 2010 · 5:42 am\n\nalso for joint pains (big toe, esp.) check out the effect of a tablespoon of\nunfiltered apple cider vinegar–or eating an apple or two, skin on.\n\n(My theory as to why the “unfiltered” vinegar works (it contains “the mother”\nor maybe “must” or just most of the skin, reduced to particulate size) because\nit does contain (what’s left of) the skin.\n\ncheck around on the web for more info, but for me it worked w/in 5 hours of a\nvery, very painful big-toe joint.\n\nGary Salem June 9, 2010 · 5:45 am\n\nthat would explain why yellow mustard has the same effect.\n\njohn June 9, 2010 · 6:00 am\n\nI think this could also be a placebo effect of some kind. The athletes can\ntell the difference between pickle juice and water, or between vinegar and\npickle juice.\n\ncAW June 9, 2010 · 6:27 am\n\nI was always told to drink quinine water (or better yet) a gin and tonic to\nward off cramps. It seemed to work, even when it was all tonic and no gin....\n\njacqueline roberts June 9, 2010 · 6:35 am\n\nMy father used pickle juice to strengthen his hands.. When we got a cramp we\nused Quinine water and that weorked!\n\nDavid Bourke June 9, 2010 · 6:37 am\n\nAfter a comminuted distal tibial/fibular fracture, I was plagued with severe\ncalf cramps in the injured leg at night. The cast meant I couldn’t stretch to\nrelieve them, I just had to suffer. Until my doctor recommended drinking 6-8\nounces of tonic water that contained quinine nightly before bedtime.\n\nNo more cramps.\n\nJohnny Mace June 9, 2010 · 6:38 am\n\n“not as palatable as bananas...” I love pickles and pickle juice and now I\nfinally have a reason to indulge my desire. Please write a followup about how\nmaraschino cherry juice prevents alzheimer’s!\n\nLaurie Miller June 9, 2010 · 6:47 am\n\nAs a rugby player, for years I’ve stopped night-time cramping after games by\ndrinking dilute apple cider. The academic world is just discovering this?\n\nAndy June 9, 2010 · 6:50 am\n\nYikes, now I have to take a jar of Vlasics with me when i pedal.\n\n## What's Next\n\nLoading...\n\n * Previous Post\n\nPushing Back at Cancer\n\n * Next Post\n\nHow Much Would You Spend on a Sick Pet?\n\n#### Ask Well\n\nYour health questions answered by Times journalists and experts.\n\nYour Questions | All »\n\n###### Ask Well\n\n##### Can You Safely Lose Weight While Breast-Feeding?\n\n###### The Checkup\n\n##### As Boys Get Fatter, Parents Worry One Body Part Is Too Small\n\n# Sign Up for the Running Email\n\nGet Well's Running email for practical tips, expert advice, exclusive content\nand a bit of motivation delivered to your inbox every week to help you on your\nrunning journey. 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},
{
"original_url": "https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210515201736/https://medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Muscle cramps: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia",
"passages": [
"Muscle cramps are when a muscle gets tight (contracts) without you trying to tighten it, and it does not relax. Cramps may involve all or part of one or more muscles.",
"Muscle cramps are common and may be stopped by stretching the muscle. The cramping muscle may feel hard or bulging.",
"Muscle cramps are common and often occur when a muscle is overused or injured. Working out when you have not had enough fluids (dehydration) or when you have low levels of minerals such as potassium or calcium can also make you more likely to have a muscle spasm.",
"If the muscle is still sore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines can help with pain. If the muscle cramps are severe, your health care provider can prescribe other medicines.",
"The most common cause of muscle cramps during sports activity is not getting enough fluids. Often, drinking water will ease the cramping. However, water alone does not always help. Salt tablets or sports drinks, which also replenish lost minerals, can be helpful.",
"Drink plenty of fluids while exercising and increase your potassium intake (orange juice and bananas are great sources of potassium).",
"A.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider (www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify that A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability. A.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online health information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy editorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of Hi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health information: verify here.",
"The information provided herein should not be used during any medical emergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A licensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and all medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other sites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements of those other sites. Copyright 1997-2021, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for commercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Muscle cramps: MedlinePlus Medical Encyclopedia\n\nSkip navigation\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine\n\nThe navigation menu has been collapsed.\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n * About MedlinePlus\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Health Topics\n * Drugs & Supplements\n * Genetics\n * Medical Tests\n * Videos & Tools\n\nEspañol\n\nYou Are Here:\n\nHome →\n\nMedical Encyclopedia →\n\nMuscle cramps\n\nURL of this page: //medlineplus.gov/ency/article/003193.htm\n\n# Muscle cramps\n\nMuscle cramps are when a muscle gets tight (contracts) without you trying to\ntighten it, and it does not relax. Cramps may involve all or part of one or\nmore muscles.\n\nThe most commonly involved muscle groups are:\n\n * Back of the lower leg/calf\n * Back of the thigh (hamstrings)\n * Front of the thigh (quadriceps)\n\nCramps in the feet, hands, arms, abdomen, and along the rib cage are also very\ncommon.\n\nMuscle cramps are common and may be stopped by stretching the muscle. The\ncramping muscle may feel hard or bulging.\n\n## Considerations\n\nMuscle cramps are different than muscle twitches, which are covered in a\nseparate article.\n\n## Causes\n\nMuscle cramps are common and often occur when a muscle is overused or injured.\nWorking out when you have not had enough fluids (dehydration) or when you have\nlow levels of minerals such as potassium or calcium can also make you more\nlikely to have a muscle spasm.\n\nMuscle cramps can occur while you play tennis or golf, bowl, swim, or do any\nother exercise.\n\nThey can also be triggered by:\n\n * Alcoholism\n * Hypothyroidism (underactive thyroid)\n * Kidney failure\n * Medicines\n * Menstruation\n * Pregnancy\n\n## Home Care\n\nIf you have a muscle cramp, stop your activity and try stretching and\nmassaging the muscle.\n\nHeat will relax the muscle when the spasm begins, but ice may be helpful when\nthe pain has improved.\n\nIf the muscle is still sore, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory medicines can help\nwith pain. If the muscle cramps are severe, your health care provider can\nprescribe other medicines.\n\nThe most common cause of muscle cramps during sports activity is not getting\nenough fluids. Often, drinking water will ease the cramping. However, water\nalone does not always help. Salt tablets or sports drinks, which also\nreplenish lost minerals, can be helpful.\n\nOther tips for relieving muscle cramps:\n\n * Change your workouts so that you are exercising within your ability.\n * Drink plenty of fluids while exercising and increase your potassium intake (orange juice and bananas are great sources of potassium).\n * Stretch to improve flexibility.\n\n## When to Contact a Medical Professional\n\nCall your provider if your muscle cramps:\n\n * Are severe\n * Do not go away with simple stretching\n * Keep coming back\n * Last a long time\n\n## What to Expect at Your Office Visit\n\nYour provider will examine you and ask questions about your symptoms and\nmedical history, such as:\n\n * When did the spasms first begin?\n * How long do they last?\n * How often do you experience muscle spasms?\n * What muscles are affected?\n * Is the cramp always in the same location?\n * Are you pregnant?\n * Have you been vomiting, had diarrhea, excessive sweating, excessive urine volume, or any other possible cause of dehydration?\n * What medicines do you take?\n * Have you been exercising heavily?\n * Have you been drinking alcohol heavily?\n\nBlood tests may be done to check for the following:\n\n * Calcium, potassium, or magnesium metabolism\n * Kidney function\n * Thyroid function\n\nPain medicines may be prescribed.\n\n## Alternative Names\n\nCramps - muscle\n\n## Images\n\n * Chest stretch\n * Groin stretch\n * Hamstring stretch\n * Hip stretch\n * Thigh stretch\n * Triceps stretch\n\n## References\n\nGómez JE, Chorley JN, Martinie R. Environmental illness. In: Miller MD,\nThompson SR. eds. DeLee, Drez, & Miller's Orthopaedic Sports Medicine. 5th ed.\nPhiladelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2020:chap 21.\n\nWang LH, Lopate G, Pestronk A. Muscle pain and cramps. In: Daroff RB, Jankovic\nJ, Mazziotta JC, Pomeroy SL, eds. Bradley's Neurology in Clinical Practice.\n7th ed. Philadelphia, PA: Elsevier; 2016:chap 28.\n\n## Review Date 8/13/2020\n\nUpdated by: Linda J. Vorvick, MD, Clinical Associate Professor, Department of\nFamily Medicine, UW Medicine, School of Medicine, University of Washington,\nSeattle, WA. Also reviewed by David Zieve, MD, MHA, Medical Director, Brenda\nConaway, Editorial Director, and the A.D.A.M. Editorial team.\n\nMuscle CrampsRead more\n\nNIH MedlinePlus MagazineRead more\n\nHealth Topics A-ZRead more\n\nA.D.A.M., Inc. is accredited by URAC, for Health Content Provider\n(www.urac.org). URAC's accreditation program is an independent audit to verify\nthat A.D.A.M. follows rigorous standards of quality and accountability.\nA.D.A.M. is among the first to achieve this important distinction for online\nhealth information and services. Learn more about A.D.A.M.'s editorial policy\neditorial process and privacy policy. A.D.A.M. is also a founding member of\nHi-Ethics. This site complies with the HONcode standard for trustworthy health\ninformation: verify here.\n\nThe information provided herein should not be used during any medical\nemergency or for the diagnosis or treatment of any medical condition. A\nlicensed physician should be consulted for diagnosis and treatment of any and\nall medical conditions. Call 911 for all medical emergencies. Links to other\nsites are provided for information only -- they do not constitute endorsements\nof those other sites. Copyright 1997-2021, A.D.A.M., Inc. Duplication for\ncommercial use must be authorized in writing by ADAM Health Solutions.\n\n * About MedlinePlus\n * What's New\n * Site Map\n * Customer Support\n\n * Get updates\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Follow us\n * Social Media Toolkit\n\n * Disclaimers\n * Copyright\n * Privacy\n * Accessibility\n * Guidelines for Links\n * Viewers & Players\n * MedlinePlus Connect for EHRs\n * For Developers\n\nU.S. National Library of Medicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20894 U.S.\nDepartment of Health and Human Services National Institutes of Health\n\nPage last updated: 04 May 2021\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.prevention.com:80/fitness/fitness-tips/muscle-cramps",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170730073018/http://www.prevention.com:80/fitness/fitness-tips/muscle-cramps",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Muscle Cramps",
"passages": [
"The information presented on this website is not intended as specific medical advice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment or diagnosis. Read our Medical Advice Notice.",
"Copyright © 2017 Rodale Inc. \"Prevention\" and \"Prevention.com\" are registered trademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission or display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.",
"Say you're playing tennis and doing pretty well. One minute you're fine, then suddenly, for no apparent reason, your calf muscle knots up and you can't move.",
"What's happened is that your muscle has tightened and shortened, causing sudden, severe pain, explains Debra Zillmer, MD, orthopedic surgeon and medical director of the Gundersen Lutheran Sports Medicine Clinic in La Crosse, WI. In active, healthy people, muscle cramps generally result from overexertion and dehydration, like spending 3 hours playing tennis in hot, summer heat and forgetting to take sips from your water bottle.",
"\"When you don't have enough fluid in your system, it leads to an electrolyte imbalance that causes your muscles to cramp up,\" says Dr. Zillmer.",
"Electrolytes are chemicals in the body (sodium, magnesium, calcium, and potassium) that help the cells function normally. An imbalance occurs when we have too much or too little of one or more electrolytes in our system. The main electrolytes affecting muscle cramping are sodium, calcium, and potassium.",
"Other cramps, not related to fluid intake, occur after inactivity such as sitting too long in one place without moving a muscle. Sometimes you even get a cramp when you're just lying in bed, though no one is sure why.[pagebreak]",
"Though people most often get cramps in their calves, you can also get them in your thighs, feet, or just about any muscle. But doctors say that most cramps can be eased by a few simple measures.",
"Massage gently. To relax the tightened area, Dr. Zillmer suggests gently massaging the spot that's cramped, whether it's a crick in your calf from overexercising or a spasm in your feet from wearing high heels all day.",
"For calf cramps, do a wall stretch. Stand about 3 feet away from the wall, with your knees straight and your heels on the floor. Lean into the wall, supporting yourself with your hands. You will feel the stretch of your calf muscles. Hold for 60 seconds, and repeat three times, says Dr. Zillmer.",
"Drink fluids. \"If you get muscle cramps after golf or other forms of exertion, drink water or a sports drink or juice to rehydrate and restore your electrolyte balance,\" says Dr. Zillmer. Most of the time, water will be sufficient to rehydrate you. The exception is if you have spent several hours exercising in extreme heat. You are then better off choosing a sports drink containing electrolytes. Focus on calcium, potassium, and general hydration.",
"Get some calcium and potassium. The electrolyte imbalance that causes muscle cramps can also be caused by deficiencies of calcium and potassium in the diet, says Margot Putukian, MD, team physician at Pennsylvania State University and assistant professor of orthopedic surgery and internal medicine at the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey. To beef up your calcium levels, she suggests low-fat dairy products such as yogurt and skim milk. For potassium, focus on sweet potatoes, turkey, bananas, and orange juice.",
"Undo a cramp with ice. \"Ice is both a pain reliever and an anti-inflammatory,\" says Judith C. Stern, a physical therapist in private practice in Westchester, NY. Stern suggests you keep a paper cup of ice in the freezer for just such emergencies, then massage the area on and around your cramp as needed. \"Tear down the edge of the cup and, holding the paper end, rub the ice over the cramped muscle. This way, it won't be too cold to hold,\" says Stern.",
"Massage the area with ice for no more than 10 minutes, or until the area is bright red, which indicates that blood cells have returned to heat the cramped muscle. You can also use an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables.",
"Heat is another option. Heat improves superficial blood circulation and makes muscles more flexible, so some people find that heat is more soothing for muscle cramps than ice, says Stern. Try a heating pad for 20 minutes at a time or even a warm shower or bath. Massage the muscle with your hands following ice or heat.",
"Move around. \"Inactivity also is a cause of cramps,\" says Valery Lanyi, MD, physiatrist at Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York University Medical Center in New York City. If you've been on the road for an hour, get out and walk around for 5 minutes.[pagebreak]",
"Muscle cramps usually go away on their own, even if you do nothing, says Dr. Putukian. But if you're drinking plenty of fluids and eating a balanced diet and keep getting cramps, see your doctor. Frequent, intense muscle cramping may be a sign of a more serious condition, such as a blood clot or an electrolyte problem.",
"We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account."
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"parsed_md": "Muscle Cramps | Prevention\n\nJump to navigation\n\n * Sign in\n\n * Subscribe\n * Shop\n * Health\n * Weight Loss\n * Fitness\n * Eat Clean\n * Sex\n * Mind-Body\n * Food\n * Beauty\n * Recipes\n * Video\n * Free Newsletter\n * Instant Calm\n * Cancer\n\n * Retailer Program\n * Give a Gift\n * Prevention Books\n * Customer Service\n * Manage Email Preferences\n * Advertising Inquiries\n * License Award Logos\n * Rodale Inc. Brands\n * Copyright Notice\n * Privacy Policy\n * Amazon Affiliate\n * Terms of Use\n\nThe information presented on this website is not intended as specific medical\nadvice and is not a substitute for professional medical treatment or\ndiagnosis. Read our Medical Advice Notice.\n\nCopyright © 2017 Rodale Inc. \"Prevention\" and \"Prevention.com\" are registered\ntrademarks of Rodale Inc. All rights reserved. No reproduction, transmission\nor display is permitted without the written permissions of Rodale Inc.\n\nPrivacy Policy. About Us.\n\n * Health\n * 4 Weeks to Fit\n * Premium\n * Subscribe\n\nFitness Tips for Success\n\n# Muscle Cramps\n\nNovember 3, 2011\n\n * Subscribe\n\nX Close\n\n * Subscribe\n\nX Close\n\n#### Description & Prevention\n\nSay you're playing tennis and doing pretty well. One minute you're fine, then\nsuddenly, for no apparent reason, your calf muscle knots up and you can't\nmove.\n\nWhat's happened is that your muscle has tightened and shortened, causing\nsudden, severe pain, explains Debra Zillmer, MD, orthopedic surgeon and\nmedical director of the Gundersen Lutheran Sports Medicine Clinic in La\nCrosse, WI. In active, healthy people, muscle cramps generally result from\noverexertion and dehydration, like spending 3 hours playing tennis in hot,\nsummer heat and forgetting to take sips from your water bottle.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLet's Stay In Touch\n\nYou may unsubscribe at any time.\n\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\n\n\"When you don't have enough fluid in your system, it leads to an electrolyte\nimbalance that causes your muscles to cramp up,\" says Dr. Zillmer.\n\nElectrolytes are chemicals in the body (sodium, magnesium, calcium, and\npotassium) that help the cells function normally. An imbalance occurs when we\nhave too much or too little of one or more electrolytes in our system. The\nmain electrolytes affecting muscle cramping are sodium, calcium, and\npotassium.\n\nOther cramps, not related to fluid intake, occur after inactivity such as\nsitting too long in one place without moving a muscle. Sometimes you even get\na cramp when you're just lying in bed, though no one is sure why.[pagebreak]\n\n#### Treatment\n\nThough people most often get cramps in their calves, you can also get them in\nyour thighs, feet, or just about any muscle. But doctors say that most cramps\ncan be eased by a few simple measures.\n\nMassage gently. To relax the tightened area, Dr. Zillmer suggests gently\nmassaging the spot that's cramped, whether it's a crick in your calf from\noverexercising or a spasm in your feet from wearing high heels all day.\n\nS-t-r-e-t-c-h. \"Next, stretch the muscle out slowly and gently, as long as you\ndon't feel pain,\" says Dr. Zillmer.\n\nFor calf cramps, do a wall stretch. Stand about 3 feet away from the wall,\nwith your knees straight and your heels on the floor. Lean into the wall,\nsupporting yourself with your hands. You will feel the stretch of your calf\nmuscles. Hold for 60 seconds, and repeat three times, says Dr. Zillmer.\n\nDrink fluids. \"If you get muscle cramps after golf or other forms of exertion,\ndrink water or a sports drink or juice to rehydrate and restore your\nelectrolyte balance,\" says Dr. Zillmer. Most of the time, water will be\nsufficient to rehydrate you. The exception is if you have spent several hours\nexercising in extreme heat. You are then better off choosing a sports drink\ncontaining electrolytes. Focus on calcium, potassium, and general hydration.\n\nGet some calcium and potassium. The electrolyte imbalance that causes muscle\ncramps can also be caused by deficiencies of calcium and potassium in the\ndiet, says Margot Putukian, MD, team physician at Pennsylvania State\nUniversity and assistant professor of orthopedic surgery and internal medicine\nat the Milton S. Hershey Medical Center in Hershey. To beef up your calcium\nlevels, she suggests low-fat dairy products such as yogurt and skim milk. For\npotassium, focus on sweet potatoes, turkey, bananas, and orange juice.\n\nUndo a cramp with ice. \"Ice is both a pain reliever and an anti-inflammatory,\"\nsays Judith C. Stern, a physical therapist in private practice in Westchester,\nNY. Stern suggests you keep a paper cup of ice in the freezer for just such\nemergencies, then massage the area on and around your cramp as needed. \"Tear\ndown the edge of the cup and, holding the paper end, rub the ice over the\ncramped muscle. This way, it won't be too cold to hold,\" says Stern.\n\nMassage the area with ice for no more than 10 minutes, or until the area is\nbright red, which indicates that blood cells have returned to heat the cramped\nmuscle. You can also use an ice pack or a bag of frozen vegetables.\n\nHeat is another option. Heat improves superficial blood circulation and makes\nmuscles more flexible, so some people find that heat is more soothing for\nmuscle cramps than ice, says Stern. Try a heating pad for 20 minutes at a time\nor even a warm shower or bath. Massage the muscle with your hands following\nice or heat.\n\nMove around. \"Inactivity also is a cause of cramps,\" says Valery Lanyi, MD,\nphysiatrist at Rusk Institute of Rehabilitation Medicine at New York\nUniversity Medical Center in New York City. If you've been on the road for an\nhour, get out and walk around for 5 minutes.[pagebreak]\n\n#### When to See a Doctor\n\nMuscle cramps usually go away on their own, even if you do nothing, says Dr.\nPutukian. But if you're drinking plenty of fluids and eating a balanced diet\nand keep getting cramps, see your doctor. Frequent, intense muscle cramping\nmay be a sign of a more serious condition, such as a blood clot or an\nelectrolyte problem.\n\nTags: Tips for Success\n\nPrivacy Policy | About Us\n\nCopyright © 2017 Rodale Inc.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nAlready a print subscriber? 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"original_url": "http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171019234748/http://orthoinfo.aaos.org:80/topic.cfm?topic=a00200",
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"title": "Muscle Cramps -OrthoInfo",
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"A muscle cramp is an involuntary contraction of a muscle that occurs suddenly and does not relax. If you have ever experienced a charley horse, you probably still remember the sudden, tight and intense pain caused by a muscle locked in spasm.",
"Cramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle). They can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group.",
"Although the exact cause of muscle cramps is unknown (idiopathic), some researchers believe inadequate stretching and muscle fatigue leads to abnormalities in the mechanisms that control muscle contraction. Other factors may also be involved, including poor conditioning, exercising or working in intense heat, dehydration and depletion of salt and minerals (electrolytes).",
"Muscles are bundles of fibers that contract and expand to produce movement. A regular program of stretching lengthens muscle fibers so they can contract and tighten more vigorously when you exercise. When your body is poorly conditioned, you are more likely to experience muscle fatigue, which can alter spinal neural reflex activity. Overexertion depletes a muscle's oxygen supply, leading to build up of waste product and spasm. When a cramp begins, the spinal cord stimulates the muscle to keep contracting.",
"Muscle cramps are more likely when you exercise in hot weather because sweat drains your body's fluids, salt and minerals (i.e., potassium, magnesium and calcium). Loss of these nutrients may also cause a muscle to spasm.",
"Those at greatest risk for cramps and other ailments related to excess heat include infants and young children, and people over age 65. Other factors that put people at greater risk for muscle cramp include:",
"Muscle cramps are very common among endurance athletes, such as marathon runners and triathletes, and older people who perform strenuous physical activities.",
"Athletes are more likely to get cramps in the preseason when the body is not conditioned and therefore more subject to fatigue. Cramps often develop near the end of intense or prolonged exercise, or 4 to 6 hours later.",
"Older people are more susceptible to muscle cramps due to normal muscle loss (atrophy) that begins in the mid-40s and accelerates with inactivity. As you age, your muscles cannot work as hard or as quickly as they used to. The body also loses some of its sense of thirst and its ability to sense and respond to changes in temperature.",
"Muscle cramps range in intensity from a slight tic to agonizing pain. A cramping muscle may feel hard to the touch and/or appear visibly distorted or twitch beneath the skin. A cramp can last a few seconds to 15 minutes or longer. It might recur multiple times before it goes away.",
"To avoid future cramps, work toward better overall fitness. Do regular flexibility exercises before and after you work out to stretch muscle groups most prone to cramping.",
"Always warm up before stretching. Good examples of warm-up activities are slowly running in place or walking briskly for a few minutes.",
"Lean forward against a wall with one leg in front of the other. Straighten your back leg and press your heel into the floor. Your front knee is bent. Hold for 15 to 30 seconds.",
"Do: Keep both heels flat on the floor. Point the toes of your back foot toward the heel of your front foot.",
"Sit up tall with both legs extended straight in front of you. Your feet are neutral — not pointed or flexed. Place your palms on the floor and slide your hands toward your ankles. Hold for 30 seconds.",
"Do: Keep your chest open and back long. Reach from your hips. Stop sliding your palms forward when you feel the stretch.",
"Hold on to a wall or the back of a chair for balance. Lift one foot and bring your heel up toward your buttocks. Grasp your ankle with your hand and pull your heel closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.",
"See your doctor if cramps are severe, happen frequently, respond poorly to simple treatments, or are not related to obvious causes like strenuous exercise. You could have problems with circulation, nerves, metabolism, hormones, medications, or nutrition.",
"Muscle cramps may be a part of many conditions that range from minor to severe, such as Lou Gehrig's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), spinal nerve irritation or compression (radiculopathy), hardening of the arteries, narrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis), thyroid disease, chronic infections, and cirrhosis of the liver.",
"AAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians referenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and is not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific orthopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic surgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\" program on this website.",
"Copyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All material on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This website also contains material copyrighted by third parties."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Muscle Cramps -OrthoInfo - AAOS\n\nFind an Orthopaedist\n\nAAOS.org\n\nHome\n\nAbout Us\n\nGlossary\n\nEspañol & Português\n\nVideos & Multimedia Resources\n\nFor Physicians\n\nParts of the Body\n\nShoulder & Elbow\n\nHand & Wrist\n\nHip & Thigh\n\nKnee & Lower Leg\n\nFoot & Ankle\n\nNeck & Back\n\nHealth Centers\n\nBroken Bones & Injuries\n\nDiseases & Conditions\n\nArthritis\n\nTumors\n\nSports Injuries & Prevention\n\nChildren\n\nBone Health\n\nHealth & Safety\n\nTreatment\n\nTreatments & Surgeries\n\nJoint Replacement\n\nRehabilitation Exercise and Conditioning Handouts\n\nYour Healthcare\n\nPatient Safety\n\nPatient Stories\n\nResources\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nMuscle Cramps\n\nA muscle cramp is an involuntary contraction of a muscle that occurs suddenly\nand does not relax. If you have ever experienced a charley horse, you probably\nstill remember the sudden, tight and intense pain caused by a muscle locked in\nspasm.\n\nCramps can affect any muscle under your voluntary control (skeletal muscle).\nThey can involve part or all of a muscle, or several muscles in a group.\n\nThe most commonly affected muscle groups are:\n\n * Back of lower leg/calf (gastrocnemius)\n * Back of thigh (hamstrings)\n * Front of thigh (quadriceps)\n\nCramps in the feet, hands, arms, abdomen, and along the rib cage are also very\ncommon.\n\n©2010, Getty Images.\n\nCause\n\nAlthough the exact cause of muscle cramps is unknown (idiopathic), some\nresearchers believe inadequate stretching and muscle fatigue leads to\nabnormalities in the mechanisms that control muscle contraction. Other factors\nmay also be involved, including poor conditioning, exercising or working in\nintense heat, dehydration and depletion of salt and minerals (electrolytes).\n\n#### Inadequate Stretching and Muscle Fatigue\n\nMuscles are bundles of fibers that contract and expand to produce movement. A\nregular program of stretching lengthens muscle fibers so they can contract and\ntighten more vigorously when you exercise. When your body is poorly\nconditioned, you are more likely to experience muscle fatigue, which can alter\nspinal neural reflex activity. Overexertion depletes a muscle's oxygen supply,\nleading to build up of waste product and spasm. When a cramp begins, the\nspinal cord stimulates the muscle to keep contracting.\n\n#### Heat, Dehydration, and Electrolyte Depletion\n\nMuscle cramps are more likely when you exercise in hot weather because sweat\ndrains your body's fluids, salt and minerals (i.e., potassium, magnesium and\ncalcium). Loss of these nutrients may also cause a muscle to spasm.\n\n#### Risk Factors\n\nSome people are predisposed to muscle cramps and get them regularly with any\nphysical exertion.\n\nThose at greatest risk for cramps and other ailments related to excess heat\ninclude infants and young children, and people over age 65. Other factors that\nput people at greater risk for muscle cramp include:\n\n * Being ill or overweight\n * Overexerting during work or exercise\n * Taking certain medications\n\nMuscle cramps are very common among endurance athletes, such as marathon\nrunners and triathletes, and older people who perform strenuous physical\nactivities.\n\n * Athletes are more likely to get cramps in the preseason when the body is not conditioned and therefore more subject to fatigue. Cramps often develop near the end of intense or prolonged exercise, or 4 to 6 hours later.\n * Older people are more susceptible to muscle cramps due to normal muscle loss (atrophy) that begins in the mid-40s and accelerates with inactivity. As you age, your muscles cannot work as hard or as quickly as they used to. The body also loses some of its sense of thirst and its ability to sense and respond to changes in temperature.\n\nTop of page\n\nSymptoms\n\nMuscle cramps range in intensity from a slight tic to agonizing pain. A\ncramping muscle may feel hard to the touch and/or appear visibly distorted or\ntwitch beneath the skin. A cramp can last a few seconds to 15 minutes or\nlonger. It might recur multiple times before it goes away.\n\nTop of page\n\nHome Remedies\n\nCramps usually go away on their own without seeing a doctor.\n\n * Stop doing whatever activity triggered the cramp.\n * Gently stretch and massage the cramping muscle, holding it in stretched position until the cramp stops.\n * Apply heat to tense/tight muscles, or cold to sore/tender muscles.\n\nTop of page\n\nPrevention\n\nTo avoid future cramps, work toward better overall fitness. Do regular\nflexibility exercises before and after you work out to stretch muscle groups\nmost prone to cramping.\n\n#### Warm Up\n\nAlways warm up before stretching. Good examples of warm-up activities are\nslowly running in place or walking briskly for a few minutes.\n\n#### Calf Muscle Stretch\n\nYou should feel this stretch in your calf and down toward your heel.\n\nLean forward against a wall with one leg in front of the other. Straighten\nyour back leg and press your heel into the floor. Your front knee is bent.\nHold for 15 to 30 seconds.\n\nDo: Keep both heels flat on the floor. Point the toes of your back foot toward\nthe heel of your front foot.\n\n#### Hamstring Muscle Stretch\n\nYou should feel this stretch at the back of your thighs and behind your knees.\n\nSit up tall with both legs extended straight in front of you. Your feet are\nneutral — not pointed or flexed. Place your palms on the floor and slide your\nhands toward your ankles. Hold for 30 seconds.\n\nDo: Keep your chest open and back long. Reach from your hips. Stop sliding\nyour palms forward when you feel the stretch.\n\nDo not: Round your back or try to bring your nose to your knees. Do not lock\nyour knees.\n\n#### Quadriceps Muscle Stretch\n\nYou should feel this stretch in the front of your thigh.\n\nHold on to a wall or the back of a chair for balance. Lift one foot and bring\nyour heel up toward your buttocks. Grasp your ankle with your hand and pull\nyour heel closer to your body. Hold the stretch for 30 seconds.\n\nDo: Keep your knees close together. Stop bringing your heel closer when you\nfeel the stretch.\n\nDo not: Arch or twist your back.\n\nHold each stretch briefly, then release. Never stretch to the point of pain.\n\nTop of page\n\nWhen To See Your Doctor\n\nAlthough most muscle cramps are benign, sometimes they can indicate a serious\nmedical condition.\n\nSee your doctor if cramps are severe, happen frequently, respond poorly to\nsimple treatments, or are not related to obvious causes like strenuous\nexercise. You could have problems with circulation, nerves, metabolism,\nhormones, medications, or nutrition.\n\nMuscle cramps may be a part of many conditions that range from minor to\nsevere, such as Lou Gehrig's disease (amyotrophic lateral sclerosis), spinal\nnerve irritation or compression (radiculopathy), hardening of the arteries,\nnarrowing of the spinal canal (stenosis), thyroid disease, chronic infections,\nand cirrhosis of the liver.\n\nTop of page\n\nLast reviewed: June 2017\n\nContributed and/or Updated by: Rick Wilkerson, DO\n\nPeer-Reviewed by: Stuart J. Fischer, MD\n\nContributor Disclosure Information\n\nAAOS does not endorse any treatments, procedures, products, or physicians\nreferenced herein. This information is provided as an educational service and\nis not intended to serve as medical advice. Anyone seeking specific\northopaedic advice or assistance should consult his or her orthopaedic\nsurgeon, or locate one in your area through the AAOS \"Find an Orthopaedist\"\nprogram on this website.\n\nCopyright 2017 American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons\n\nRelated Articles\n\nFlexibility Exercises\n\nFlexibility Exercises (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00310)\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319)\n\nSafe Exercise\n\nSafe Exercise (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00418)\n\nOrthoInfo The American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons 9400 West Higgins Road\nRosemont, IL 60018 Phone: 847.823.7186 Email: orthoinfo@aaos.org\n\nTweet\n\nPrint Article\n\nRelated Articles\n\nFlexibility Exercises\n\nFlexibility Exercises (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00310)\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n\nHeat Injury and Heat Exhaustion\n(http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00319)\n\nSafe Exercise\n\nSafe Exercise (http://orthoinfo.aaos.org/topic.cfm?topic=A00418)\n\nEditorial Board & Staff| Contributors| Online Agreements| Linking Policy|\nAdvertising & Sponsorship| Privacy Policy| AAOS News Bureau \n---|---|---|---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright ©1995-2017 by the American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons. All\nmaterial on this website is protected by copyright. All rights reserved. This\nwebsite also contains material copyrighted by third parties.\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170926223334/http://www.mayoclinic.org:80/diseases-conditions/muscle-cramp/manage/ptc-20186098",
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"parsed_md": "Muscle cramp - Self-management - Mayo Clinic\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416170328/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/fitness/in-depth/exercise/art-20045517?pg=2",
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] |
1,050,509 | How To Understand Women | If you’re struggling to understand what a woman wants, try to get to know her as an individual and avoid making assumptions about her life. If she's single, don't assume she's lonely or is looking for a relationship. Instead, get to know her by asking questions about her thoughts and beliefs. For example, you might ask, “What do you think about this issue?” or “What do you like to do for fun?” Try to hang out with her in a group setting as well as one-on-one, so you can see what she's like in different situations. Show an interest in the things that are important to her, like watching a show she likes or talking about a book she enjoyed. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210203050521/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180408124317/https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211126113736/https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210418183107/https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210628170156/https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416114715/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20220107035831/https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210416181931/https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner"
] | train | 1,556 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210203050521/https://www.theguardian.com/commentisfree/2018/sep/08/its-time-to-forget-stereotypes-realities-singledom",
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"title": "It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind singledom",
"passages": [
"It costs more to fly solo. That’s according to the Good Housekeeping Institute, which last week released a study claiming single life can cost people up to £2,000 a year more. Even as someone who’s spent a good chunk of time single, and felt the occasional sting of shelling out more for hotels, it was hard not to raise an eyebrow at the figures: the extra costs of luxury gym memberships and Med cruises feel very much like a first-world problem.",
"But part of me was still glad to see this undoubtedly superficial take. As a society, we barely discuss the realities and implications of singledom. In pop culture singledom is almost invariably represented as an easily fixed unhappy state, a step along the way to getting happily hitched. We know little about the long-term singles: how many relish their freedom and independence, and how many feel burdened with loneliness and hope to meet the love of their life? To what extent is singledom driving social infertility – not having children because you haven’t met Mr or Ms Right? And if so, what does it mean for an ageing society in which we expect family members to care for their older relatives?",
"The single stereotypes abound. For men, it’s the dysfunctional fortysomething still living with his parents. For women, the callous career woman – who could forget former Australian prime minister Julia Gillard being accused of being “deliberately barren”? Or the crazy cat lady living alone, slowly losing her mind. There’s shame and stigma attached to fessing up to being either happily or unhappily single: would I have written this column a couple of years ago when I was on my own?",
"Beyond the stereotypes come the pop dating theories. In Date-onomics, Jon Birger posits that a new gender imbalance is set to affect who we settle down with. Studies show that we are likely to couple up with people who broadly resemble ourselves in terms of class and education. But they also suggest men seem less keen to “marry up” and women to “marry down”. With female university graduates now outnumbering men in many countries – women in the UK are a third more likely to go to university than men -unless we see more of the “mixed- collar” partnerships Birger predicts will become more common, more blue-collar men and more female graduates may struggle to find romance. Cue an industry of self-help books and coaching for professional women in their early 30s struggling to meet Mr Right.”",
"Pop theories aside, there’s been remarkably little robust research on singledom and social infertility. (There are endless pieces on the theme, but few identify just how many people are unable to find partners.)",
"While the data may not be great, there are clues. For men, there’s a sharp socioeconomic gradient to being single. Men from disadvantaged backgrounds are twice as likely to live alone in their early 40s than those from rich families, which puts them at further financial disadvantage. Some of that is due to higher levels of relationship breakdown, but there is also a significant minority of men from disadvantaged backgrounds who find it difficult to meet a partner in the first place.",
"For women, the trend runs the other way. University-educated women born in 1970 were almost twice as likely as women with low levels of education to be childless at the age of 42. As women have become more educated, the proportion of women remaining childless has increased from one in 10 of those born in 1946 to just under one in five of those born in 1970. Cue the Daily Mail stereotypes of career-driven women too selfish and picky to settle down and have kids.",
"So far, so in line with the pop theories. But what’s surprising is that social infertility – not having children because of a failure to meet the right partner – appears to be almost as big a problem for educated men as it is women.",
"Similar proportions of male and female university graduates are childless at age 42 – around one in four; and similar proportions of those – around one in three – say it was because they hadn’t met the right person. (Incidentally, just 3% of childless female graduates said it was down to their career.) “I can’t help but wonder what it would be like if that little girl were my little girl.” Heartbreaking words you’d expect to hear from a woman desperate to be a mother? They’re in fact penned by a man who would have loved to have been a father but whose chance passed him by.",
"Love, family and relationships only feature in policy debates about how we live to the extent that they concern children’s lives. Our attitude has always been that – outside medical infertility – finding love and family life in the first place is an entirely private matter; and if you don’t, well, so what.",
"But social infertility exists, and we should be talking about it more, from whether there should be publicly funded fertility advice for women looking to conceive alone, to the realities of ageing without children, to whether we should be investing in research into how to extend women’s fertility spans in the first place. To do so, though, we need to be able to have healthy conversations about singledom that go beyond the painful, shaming stereotypes of the undateable, the unloveable and the “deliberately barren”.",
"• This article was amended on 12 September 2018. An earlier version misconstrued the views posited by Jon Birger’s in Dateonomics."
]
},
"parsed_md": "It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind singledom\n| Dating | The Guardian\n\n * US edition\n * UK edition\n * Australian edition\n * International edition\n\nThe Guardian - Back to home\n\nSearch jobs\n\nSign inSearch\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Home & garden\n * Health & fitness\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\nOpinionDating\n\nThis article is more than 2 years old\n\n# It’s time to ditch the stereotypes and look at the realities behind\nsingledom\n\nSonia Sodha\n\nThis article is more than 2 years old\n\nSingle life provides plenty of material for popular culture, but in truth we\nknow little about its complexities\n\nBridget Jones’s Diary centred on a single woman looking for love. Photograph:\nAllstar/Working Title\n\nBridget Jones’s Diary centred on a single woman looking for love. Photograph:\nAllstar/Working Title\n\nFirst published on Sat 8 Sep 2018 13.00 EDT\n\nIt costs more to fly solo. That’s according to the Good Housekeeping\nInstitute, which last week released a study claiming single life can cost\npeople up to £2,000 a year more. Even as someone who’s spent a good chunk of\ntime single, and felt the occasional sting of shelling out more for hotels, it\nwas hard not to raise an eyebrow at the figures: the extra costs of luxury gym\nmemberships and Med cruises feel very much like a first-world problem.\n\nBut part of me was still glad to see this undoubtedly superficial take. As a\nsociety, we barely discuss the realities and implications of singledom. In pop\nculture singledom is almost invariably represented as an easily fixed unhappy\nstate, a step along the way to getting happily hitched. We know little about\nthe long-term singles: how many relish their freedom and independence, and how\nmany feel burdened with loneliness and hope to meet the love of their life? To\nwhat extent is singledom driving social infertility – not having children\nbecause you haven’t met Mr or Ms Right? And if so, what does it mean for an\nageing society in which we expect family members to care for their older\nrelatives?\n\nThe hidden, horrifying costs of being single | Emily Hill\n\nRead more\n\nThe single stereotypes abound. For men, it’s the dysfunctional fortysomething\nstill living with his parents. For women, the callous career woman – who could\nforget former Australian prime minister Julia Gillard being accused of being\n“deliberately barren”? Or the crazy cat lady living alone, slowly losing her\nmind. There’s shame and stigma attached to fessing up to being either happily\nor unhappily single: would I have written this column a couple of years ago\nwhen I was on my own?\n\nBeyond the stereotypes come the pop dating theories. In Date-onomics, Jon\nBirger posits that a new gender imbalance is set to affect who we settle down\nwith. Studies show that we are likely to couple up with people who broadly\nresemble ourselves in terms of class and education. But they also suggest men\nseem less keen to “marry up” and women to “marry down”. With female university\ngraduates now outnumbering men in many countries – women in the UK are a third\nmore likely to go to university than men -unless we see more of the “mixed-\ncollar” partnerships Birger predicts will become more common, more blue-collar\nmen and more female graduates may struggle to find romance. Cue an industry of\nself-help books and coaching for professional women in their early 30s\nstruggling to meet Mr Right.”\n\n05:50\n\nSwipe my race: 'If you're only dating someone for their skin colour, you\nshould consider why'\n\nPop theories aside, there’s been remarkably little robust research on\nsingledom and social infertility. (There are endless pieces on the theme, but\nfew identify just how many people are unable to find partners.)\n\nWhile the data may not be great, there are clues. For men, there’s a sharp\nsocioeconomic gradient to being single. Men from disadvantaged backgrounds are\ntwice as likely to live alone in their early 40s than those from rich\nfamilies, which puts them at further financial disadvantage. Some of that is\ndue to higher levels of relationship breakdown, but there is also a\nsignificant minority of men from disadvantaged backgrounds who find it\ndifficult to meet a partner in the first place.\n\nFor women, the trend runs the other way. University-educated women born in\n1970 were almost twice as likely as women with low levels of education to be\nchildless at the age of 42. As women have become more educated, the proportion\nof women remaining childless has increased from one in 10 of those born in\n1946 to just under one in five of those born in 1970. Cue the Daily Mail\nstereotypes of career-driven women too selfish and picky to settle down and\nhave kids.\n\nSo far, so in line with the pop theories. But what’s surprising is that social\ninfertility – not having children because of a failure to meet the right\npartner – appears to be almost as big a problem for educated men as it is\nwomen.\n\nSimilar proportions of male and female university graduates are childless at\nage 42 – around one in four; and similar proportions of those – around one in\nthree – say it was because they hadn’t met the right person. (Incidentally,\njust 3% of childless female graduates said it was down to their career.) “I\ncan’t help but wonder what it would be like if that little girl were my little\ngirl.” Heartbreaking words you’d expect to hear from a woman desperate to be a\nmother? They’re in fact penned by a man who would have loved to have been a\nfather but whose chance passed him by.\n\nLove, family and relationships only feature in policy debates about how we\nlive to the extent that they concern children’s lives. Our attitude has always\nbeen that – outside medical infertility – finding love and family life in the\nfirst place is an entirely private matter; and if you don’t, well, so what.\n\nBut social infertility exists, and we should be talking about it more, from\nwhether there should be publicly funded fertility advice for women looking to\nconceive alone, to the realities of ageing without children, to whether we\nshould be investing in research into how to extend women’s fertility spans in\nthe first place. To do so, though, we need to be able to have healthy\nconversations about singledom that go beyond the painful, shaming stereotypes\nof the undateable, the unloveable and the “deliberately barren”.\n\n• This article was amended on 12 September 2018. An earlier version\nmisconstrued the views posited by Jon Birger’s in Dateonomics.\n\n• Sonia Sodha is an Observer columnist\n\nTopics\n\n * Dating\n * Opinion\n\n * Family\n * Fertility problems\n * Health\n * comment\n\n * Reuse this content\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Home & garden\n * Health & fitness\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\n * News\n * Opinion\n * Sport\n * Culture\n * Lifestyle\n\n * About us\n * Contact us\n * Complaints & corrections\n * SecureDrop\n * Work for us\n * Privacy policy\n * Cookie policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * Help\n\n * All topics\n * All writers\n * Digital newspaper archive\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Twitter\n * Newsletters\n\n * Advertise with us\n * Guardian Labs\n * Search jobs\n\nBack to top\n\n© 2021 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights\nreserved. (modern)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180408124317/https://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Understand Another Person: A User’s Guide",
"passages": [
"During conversation, you typically formulate a response while the other person is talking. This communication multitasking is helpful to keep a dialogue going.",
"As you know, the multitasking can also get in the way of true understanding, as you are likely to focus more on your response than on what the other is saying.",
"To understand someone more deeply, simply listen without worrying about how you are going to respond. Give them the stage. Take it in. This kind of listening is the key first step to understanding another person.",
"In NLP, second position is the perceptual position of the other person. As you listen, begin to imagine what it is like to be the other person. What is she feeling? What must it be like to be her? What is it like to approach life from her position, as you imagine it?",
"Second position is the source of empathy. The saying goes, “you can’t understand others until you have walked a mile in their shoes.”",
"Taking second position, based on your listening without preparing a response, gives you an idea of what it is like to be the other person – a huge step toward understanding.",
"After listening properly and putting yourself in second position, you can clarify and deepen your understanding by asking intentional questions.",
"To understand another’s internal experience, ask: What do you see in your mind’s eye? What are you feeling? What do you hear inside your mind?",
"To understand someone’s beliefs ask: Why? Why is this the case? Why did you do it? Why is that important to you?",
"The three steps to understanding another person can be recycled many times. Each time you cycle through them, your level of understanding will deepen.",
"You have the power to change someone’s life with these tools. Who in your life needs to be understood by you? We are all craving deeper understanding. Can you imagine the powerful gift you have to offer the people in your life by understanding them more fully?",
"Choose one person in your life and commit to understanding him or her more deeply. It will take your relationship to a whole new level.",
"Mike Bundrant is the author of Your Achilles Eel: Discover and Overcome the Hidden Cause of Negative Emotions, Bad Decisions and Self-Sabotage and co- founder at The iNLP Center which offers online certification in Neuro- Linguistic Programming and life coaching.",
"Last updated: 23 Jun 2013 Views expressed are those solely of the author, not of Psych Central, and have not been reviewed. Originally published on PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.",
"DNN: I’m such a slacker. One thing I notice is when I keep up to par on my cardiovascular activity and change...",
"Remo: We have to accept our fault and not to play the blame game in any relationship. That’s the key of best...",
"Eric: Hi Mike, thanks for the article. I am wondering what the difference between a HSP a person suffering for...",
"DNN: Narcissists always think they have their tracks covered when they do something. They think they got off the hook..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Understand Another Person: A User's Guide | NLP Discoveries\n\nNeed treatment? Find help or get online counseling right now!\n\nHome » Blogs » NLP Discoveries » How to Understand Another Person: A User’s\nGuide\n\n## NLP Discoveries\n\n * About the Blog\n * Archives\n\n# How to Understand Another Person: A User’s Guide\n\nBy Mike Bundrant ~ 2 min read\n\nUnderstanding others is basic to healthy relationships, yet misunderstanding\nand disconnection from others are the norm.\n\nWe need to learn how to understand another person, specifically.\n\nThis simple user’s guide has potential to transform your relationships if you\napply it.\n\nLearning how to understand people involves three simple steps. Here they are:\n\n### 1\\. Listen without preparing a response.\n\nUnderstanding people is different than making conversation.\n\nDuring conversation, you typically formulate a response while the other person\nis talking. This communication multitasking is helpful to keep a dialogue\ngoing.\n\nAs you know, the multitasking can also get in the way of true understanding,\nas you are likely to focus more on your response than on what the other is\nsaying.\n\nTo understand someone more deeply, simply listen without worrying about how\nyou are going to respond. Give them the stage. Take it in. This kind of\nlistening is the key first step to understanding another person.\n\n### 2\\. Put yourself in second position.\n\nIn NLP, second position is the perceptual position of the other person. As you\nlisten, begin to imagine what it is like to be the other person. What is she\nfeeling? What must it be like to be her? What is it like to approach life from\nher position, as you imagine it?\n\nSecond position is the source of empathy. The saying goes, “you can’t\nunderstand others until you have walked a mile in their shoes.”\n\nTaking second position, based on your listening without preparing a response,\ngives you an idea of what it is like to be the other person – a huge step\ntoward understanding.\n\n### 3\\. Ask intentional questions.\n\nAfter listening properly and putting yourself in second position, you can\nclarify and deepen your understanding by asking intentional questions.\n\nHere are some options for asking intentional questions:\n\nTo understand another’s internal experience, ask: What do you see in your\nmind’s eye? What are you feeling? What do you hear inside your mind?\n\nTo understand someone’s beliefs ask: Why? Why is this the case? Why did you do\nit? Why is that important to you?\n\nTo understand the details of someone’s context ask: Who? What? When? Where?\n\nMost of all, ask questions that come from genuine curiosity after listening\nand putting yourself in second position.\n\nCycle through this process until you understand.\n\nThe three steps to understanding another person can be recycled many times.\nEach time you cycle through them, your level of understanding will deepen.\n\n### A personal challenge for you.\n\nYou have the power to change someone’s life with these tools. Who in your life\nneeds to be understood by you? We are all craving deeper understanding. Can\nyou imagine the powerful gift you have to offer the people in your life by\nunderstanding them more fully?\n\nChoose one person in your life and commit to understanding him or her more\ndeeply. It will take your relationship to a whole new level.\n\nIf you like this article, then like my Facebook Page to keep up with all my\nwriting.\n\nPlease share with your friends:\n\n## About Mike Bundrant\n\nMike Bundrant is the author of Your Achilles Eel: Discover and Overcome the\nHidden Cause of Negative Emotions, Bad Decisions and Self-Sabotage and co-\nfounder at The iNLP Center which offers online certification in Neuro-\nLinguistic Programming and life coaching.\n\nView all posts by Mike Bundrant →\n\nOne comment:\n\nRelated Content from Our Sponsors\n\nAPA Reference Bundrant, M. (2013). How to Understand Another Person: A User’s\nGuide. Psych Central. Retrieved on April 8, 2018, from\nhttps://blogs.psychcentral.com/nlp/2013/06/how-to-understand-another-person/\n\n> Last updated: 23 Jun 2013 Views expressed are those solely of the author,\n> not of Psych Central, and have not been reviewed. Originally published on\n> PsychCentral.com. All rights reserved.\n\n« Free PsychCentral Webinar: Cultivate Empowering Beliefs\n\nPsychCentral Free Webinar Recording for Cultivate Empowering Beliefs »\n\n##### Hot Topics Today\n\n1\n\n#### How To Tame Your Anxious Mind\n\n2\n\n#### 30 Relationship Destroyers\n\n3\n\n#### Introverts: We're NOT Just Broken Extroverts\n\n4\n\n#### Blood Test May Detect Very Early Alzheimer's\n\n5\n\n#### How to Recover from a Narcissistic Relationship\n\n##### Subscribe to This Blog\n\nVia RSS feed:\n\n##### Most Popular Posts\n\n * Three Ways to Deal with Unfair Relationships\n * Physical Activities That Boost Self-Esteem, According to Research\n * Happiness is a State of Mind: Here's How to Get There\n * Three Communication Exercises for Couples Who Want to Improve Their Relationship Quickly\n * Five Signs You're Living a Mediocre Life\n\n##### Recent Comments\n\n * DNN: I’m such a slacker. One thing I notice is when I keep up to par on my cardiovascular activity and change...\n * Remo: We have to accept our fault and not to play the blame game in any relationship. That’s the key of best...\n * Olive: Heroine addicted?\n * Eric: Hi Mike, thanks for the article. I am wondering what the difference between a HSP a person suffering for...\n * DNN: Narcissists always think they have their tracks covered when they do something. They think they got off the hook...\n\nHome About Us Ad Choices Advertise with Us Contact Us\n\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Use Disclaimer/Disclosure Feeds\n\nCrisis Helplines\n\nADHD Anxiety Bipolar Depression Schizophrenia Psychotherapy\n\nPsych Central Professional Psych Central Blogs Psych Central News\nPsychological Tests & Quizzes Sanity Score Forums • NeuroTalk\n\nCopyright © 1995-2018 Psych Central Site last updated: 08 Apr 2018 Handcrafted\nwith pride in historic Massachusetts.\n\nPsych Central does not provide medical, mental illness, or psychological\nadvice, diagnosis or treatment. Learn more.\n\n128\n\nmbundrant\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211126113736/https://kidshealth.org/en/teens/understanding-others.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Understanding Other People (for Teens)",
"passages": [
"Imagine yourself in this situation: A friend asks you to a party. You learn that all the girls in your group were invited — except for Paula. How do you think Paula will feel if she finds out?",
"You probably came up with your answer by putting yourself in Paula's shoes and imagining how you'd feel. Most people in this situation will feel some or all of emotions A through D: angry, sad, hurt, and excluded. It's not as likely that someone who is left out will feel confused, nervous, embarrassed, or indifferent.",
"Being able to predict how other people might feel is a part of emotional intelligence (EQ for short). It's a skill we can all develop with practice.",
"When we understand how other people are likely to feel, it can guide our interactions with them. For example, in the party example above, what if Paula asks: \"Are you going to Regan's party?\" Knowing that she wasn't invited probably influences how you respond. You might say (or avoid saying!) any of the following:",
"A. \"Yes, I'm going — are you?\" B. \"Yes, I'm going. I feel awkward telling you. Is it true she didn't invite you?\" C. \"Yes, everyone's going!\" D. \"Of course I'm going! It's going to be the best party of the whole year!\" E. \"Yes. I'm sorry you weren't invited. I don't think Regan meant to hurt your feelings, I heard her parents only allowed her to ask a few people.\"",
"If you didn't know Paula wasn't invited, you might answer with A, C, or D. Because you know the full story, though, you're more likely to consider Paula's feelings and answer with B or E. Answers C and D are the kinds of things you say when you know for sure the other person has been invited.",
"Sometimes you get more information about a situation from what a person doesn't say: Part of emotional intelligence is reading the signals people send and taking them into account.",
"Let's say Paula approaches you, looking upset. She asks: \"Are you going to Regan's party on Saturday?\" Her emotional signals (body language, facial expression) clue you in that Paula knows she wasn't invited. In that situation, you might still answer with option A, but you'd probably be more likely to choose B or E.",
"But what if Paula approaches you looking cheerful and says: \"Hey, I heard Regan is having a party this weekend. Are you going?\" Based on her body language, you might conclude, \"Oh, she doesn't know and she's expecting an invite.\"",
"If you have good EQ, you probably feel conflicted about telling Paula you're going to the party when you know she's the only one who's not invited. Even though it's up to Paula to manage her own emotions, you probably feel empathy for her. You know that how you respond can help her feel supported or make her feel worse, so you choose your words accordingly.",
"The skill of understanding others helps us predict what people might feel in a certain situation, but it also allows us to make sense of how people react.",
"In homeroom at 8 a.m., your friend is smiling, friendly, and full of energy. Later that afternoon, he looks upset, almost like he might cry. Which explanation is your best guess for what might have happened between these two times?",
"A. He had a fight with his girlfriend at lunch, and now they're not talking. B. He passed the 4th period algebra exam. C. He just found out he didn't make the final cut for varsity basketball. D. The chemistry teacher assigned a lot of homework. E. He probably just had a bad day.",
"You likely ruled out option B instantly: Emotional intelligence tells you that your friend's reaction looks more like failing an exam than passing. If your friend had a bad day or a lot of homework (options D or E), he might seem stressed out, tired, or worn down — but he probably wouldn't be on the verge of tears. Ruling out those options lets you zero in on what's most likely to be upsetting your friend: options A or C.",
"People who are skilled at understanding others imagine another person's feelings (\"I think he'll feel awful if I say that to him\"). They are able to relate to how that person reacts to things (\"Oh, I completely get why she got angry like that. No wonder!\"). Understanding how others feel, act, and react helps us build better relationships.",
"It's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some people are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with practice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.",
"If you see someone trip and fall, you probably wince — ouch! — as if it happened to you. We have a natural tendency to sense what other people feel just by watching them. Scientists think there's a biological reason for this. They believe that brain cells called \"mirror neurons\" activate in the same way whether we do something ourselves or watch another person do it.",
"Look at people's expressions and body language. Next time you're at the mall, in the coffee shop, or on the subway or bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident — or stressed? What about the guy with his eyes closed? Is he feeling peaceful? Tired? Upset?",
"Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.",
"People who are good at understanding others are usually good listeners. Research shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person feels with the person who is talking. This produces a feeling of bonding and closeness.",
"Most of us rate ourselves as good listeners — after all, listening seems like such a simple, basic thing to do. But often we're so busy thinking of what we want to say that we don't listen as much as we'd like. Here are some ways to build good listening skills:",
"Practice listening well in everyday conversations. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying. Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.",
"Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience, like: \"Oh, that must have felt amazing!\" or, \"That must be upsetting for you.\" You'll probably notice that you feel closer, more \"in sync\" with the person. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.",
"Take time to listen to someone in depth. Interview a friend or family member about a special time in his or her life. For example, ask your parents about their wedding day or get your grandparents to tell you about having their first child. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.",
"After building your skills in understanding others, how do you use that knowledge? If you're like most people, you use it to help and support the people you care about. This is compassion, and compassion helps us form relationships. Try these three ways to be more compassionate:",
"Ask others what they need. If a friend is going through a difficult time, ask what you can do to help. If your friend says, \"I don't know,\" think about what you'd want in the same situation, then offer to do something similar.",
"Show a sincere interest in others. Be curious about the people you know — not in a nosy or fake way, but in a way that shows you want to understand them a little better. For example, ask about the kinds of things they like to do, or about their feelings, ideas, and opinions.",
"Act with kindness. When you hear gossip, ridicule, or unkind teasing, make it your first reaction to imagine how it would feel to be on the receiving end. That can help you tune in to other people's feelings and refuse to join in.",
"Even small acts of compassion can build positive social connections (try saying \"hi\" to someone who is sitting alone at lunch and see how it makes you feel). Scientists now know that strong social connections influence our health, happiness, and even how long we live.",
"Note: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For specific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Understanding Other People (for Teens) - Nemours KidsHealth\n\n[Skip to Content]\n\nFind care at Nemours Children's HealthDoctorsLocations\n\n# Understanding Other People\n\nReviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD\n\n * Listen\n\nmp3\n\n * Print\n\nen español Comprender a los demás\n\n### Predicting Feelings\n\nImagine yourself in this situation: A friend asks you to a party. You learn\nthat all the girls in your group were invited — except for Paula. How do you\nthink Paula will feel if she finds out?\n\nA. angry B. sad C. hurt D. excluded E. confused F. nervous G. embarrassed H.\nindifferent\n\nYou probably came up with your answer by putting yourself in Paula's shoes and\nimagining how you'd feel. Most people in this situation will feel some or all\nof emotions A through D: angry, sad, hurt, and excluded. It's not as likely\nthat someone who is left out will feel confused, nervous, embarrassed, or\nindifferent.\n\nBeing able to predict how other people might feel is a part of emotional\nintelligence (EQ for short). It's a skill we can all develop with practice.\n\nWhen we understand how other people are likely to feel, it can guide our\ninteractions with them. For example, in the party example above, what if Paula\nasks: \"Are you going to Regan's party?\" Knowing that she wasn't invited\nprobably influences how you respond. You might say (or avoid saying!) any of\nthe following:\n\nA. \"Yes, I'm going — are you?\" B. \"Yes, I'm going. I feel awkward telling you.\nIs it true she didn't invite you?\" C. \"Yes, everyone's going!\" D. \"Of course\nI'm going! It's going to be the best party of the whole year!\" E. \"Yes. I'm\nsorry you weren't invited. I don't think Regan meant to hurt your feelings, I\nheard her parents only allowed her to ask a few people.\"\n\nIf you didn't know Paula wasn't invited, you might answer with A, C, or D.\nBecause you know the full story, though, you're more likely to consider\nPaula's feelings and answer with B or E. Answers C and D are the kinds of\nthings you say when you know for sure the other person has been invited.\n\n###### p\n\n### Reading Body Language\n\nSometimes you get more information about a situation from what a person\ndoesn't say: Part of emotional intelligence is reading the signals people send\nand taking them into account.\n\nLet's say Paula approaches you, looking upset. She asks: \"Are you going to\nRegan's party on Saturday?\" Her emotional signals (body language, facial\nexpression) clue you in that Paula knows she wasn't invited. In that\nsituation, you might still answer with option A, but you'd probably be more\nlikely to choose B or E.\n\nBut what if Paula approaches you looking cheerful and says: \"Hey, I heard\nRegan is having a party this weekend. Are you going?\" Based on her body\nlanguage, you might conclude, \"Oh, she doesn't know and she's expecting an\ninvite.\"\n\nIf you have good EQ, you probably feel conflicted about telling Paula you're\ngoing to the party when you know she's the only one who's not invited. Even\nthough it's up to Paula to manage her own emotions, you probably feel empathy\nfor her. You know that how you respond can help her feel supported or make her\nfeel worse, so you choose your words accordingly.\n\n### Making Sense of Reactions\n\nThe skill of understanding others helps us predict what people might feel in a\ncertain situation, but it also allows us to make sense of how people react.\n\nFor example:\n\nIn homeroom at 8 a.m., your friend is smiling, friendly, and full of energy.\nLater that afternoon, he looks upset, almost like he might cry. Which\nexplanation is your best guess for what might have happened between these two\ntimes?\n\nA. He had a fight with his girlfriend at lunch, and now they're not talking.\nB. He passed the 4th period algebra exam. C. He just found out he didn't make\nthe final cut for varsity basketball. D. The chemistry teacher assigned a lot\nof homework. E. He probably just had a bad day.\n\nYou likely ruled out option B instantly: Emotional intelligence tells you that\nyour friend's reaction looks more like failing an exam than passing. If your\nfriend had a bad day or a lot of homework (options D or E), he might seem\nstressed out, tired, or worn down — but he probably wouldn't be on the verge\nof tears. Ruling out those options lets you zero in on what's most likely to\nbe upsetting your friend: options A or C.\n\nPeople who are skilled at understanding others imagine another person's\nfeelings (\"I think he'll feel awful if I say that to him\"). They are able to\nrelate to how that person reacts to things (\"Oh, I completely get why she got\nangry like that. No wonder!\"). Understanding how others feel, act, and react\nhelps us build better relationships.\n\n###### P\n\n### How to Build This Skill\n\nIt's not always easy to predict or understand how someone else feels. Some\npeople are better at it than others, but just about everyone can improve with\npractice. Understanding others is all about watching and listening.\n\n#### It Starts With Watching\n\nIf you see someone trip and fall, you probably wince — ouch! — as if it\nhappened to you. We have a natural tendency to sense what other people feel\njust by watching them. Scientists think there's a biological reason for this.\nThey believe that brain cells called \"mirror neurons\" activate in the same way\nwhether we do something ourselves or watch another person do it.\n\nTry these ways to develop your observation skills:\n\n * Look at people's expressions and body language. Next time you're at the mall, in the coffee shop, or on the subway or bus, try this: Look around and try to identify how people might be feeling based on their body language, facial expressions, and what they're doing. The girl with the textbooks on her knee might have an exam coming up. Does she seem confident — or stressed? What about the guy with his eyes closed? Is he feeling peaceful? Tired? Upset?\n * Read books or watch movies that have realistic portrayals of human emotions. Pay attention to how different characters feel and act. Try to understand why the characters feel the way they do. Based on those emotions, predict what a character will do next. Or see if you can explain why a character did what he or she did.\n\n#### It Improves With Listening\n\nPeople who are good at understanding others are usually good listeners.\nResearch shows that the better someone listens, the more connected that person\nfeels with the person who is talking. This produces a feeling of bonding and\ncloseness.\n\nMost of us rate ourselves as good listeners — after all, listening seems like\nsuch a simple, basic thing to do. But often we're so busy thinking of what we\nwant to say that we don't listen as much as we'd like. Here are some ways to\nbuild good listening skills:\n\n * Practice listening well in everyday conversations. Really pay attention to what the other person is saying. Train yourself to think of listening as more important than talking.\n * Tune in to feelings as well as story. When a friend tells you about something, try to imagine how he or she might have felt. Make statements that show you're trying to understand your friend's experience, like: \"Oh, that must have felt amazing!\" or, \"That must be upsetting for you.\" You'll probably notice that you feel closer, more \"in sync\" with the person. You might find you can predict what your friend will say next.\n * Take time to listen to someone in depth. Interview a friend or family member about a special time in his or her life. For example, ask your parents about their wedding day or get your grandparents to tell you about having their first child. Try to imagine what the experience was really like for them. Ask them to tell you more about how they felt and why.\n\n###### p\n\n### Turning Understanding Into Compassion\n\nAfter building your skills in understanding others, how do you use that\nknowledge? If you're like most people, you use it to help and support the\npeople you care about. This is compassion, and compassion helps us form\nrelationships. Try these three ways to be more compassionate:\n\n 1. Ask others what they need. If a friend is going through a difficult time, ask what you can do to help. If your friend says, \"I don't know,\" think about what you'd want in the same situation, then offer to do something similar.\n 2. Show a sincere interest in others. Be curious about the people you know — not in a nosy or fake way, but in a way that shows you want to understand them a little better. For example, ask about the kinds of things they like to do, or about their feelings, ideas, and opinions.\n 3. Act with kindness. When you hear gossip, ridicule, or unkind teasing, make it your first reaction to imagine how it would feel to be on the receiving end. That can help you tune in to other people's feelings and refuse to join in.\n\nEven small acts of compassion can build positive social connections (try\nsaying \"hi\" to someone who is sitting alone at lunch and see how it makes you\nfeel). Scientists now know that strong social connections influence our\nhealth, happiness, and even how long we live.\n\nReviewed by: Mary L. Gavin, MD\n\n## More on this topic for:\n\n * Talking to Your Parents or Other Adults\n * I Hurt My Friends' Feelings. What Should I Do?\n * Am I in a Healthy Relationship?\n * Understanding Your Emotions\n * Emotional Intelligence\n\n/content/kidshealth/misc/medicalcodes/teens/articles/understanding-others\n\nNote: All information on KidsHealth® is for educational purposes only. For\nspecific medical advice, diagnoses, and treatment, consult your doctor.\n\n© 1995-2021 The Nemours Foundation. All rights reserved.\n\nImages provided by The Nemours Foundation, iStock, Getty Images, Veer,\nShutterstock, and Clipart.com.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210418183107/https://time.com/5096800/mindfulness-nicer-empathy/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Mindfulness and Meditation Can Make You a Nicer Person, Study Says",
"passages": [
"Mindfulness — the practice of staying attuned to what’s happening in the present moment — is a bonafide health trend right now, and for good reason. Research suggests it can reduce stress, help with problem drinking, lower blood sugar levels and help people succeed at work. Now, according to a new study, it may even help you become a nicer person.",
"The research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that mindfulness training inspired people to be kinder and more empathetic to a stranger who had been ostracized during a simulated online scenario.",
"“When people witness someone being victimized, it’s really common for us to get distressed by it,” says study author Daniel Berry, an assistant professor of psychology at California State University San Marcos. But that distress doesn’t always translate into empathy. “Sometimes that upset is displaced so that we’re not feeling upset for the other person; we’re just feeling negatively,” Berry explains. “When that happens, people actually tend to turn away from the person in need.”",
"In the study, “the folks who received mindfulness instruction seem to be better at regulating their emotions...allowing them to be present for the strangers they were witnessing being victimized.”",
"For your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered. Click the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our newsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check your spam folder.",
"The study consisted of four experiments, each with roughly 100-150 people enrolled. In most experiments, about half of the group was led through an audio-recorded guided meditation meant to help them stay present, while the others either received no training or an attention-focused audio training. Next, people played a computer game in which four characters, including one controlled by the person in the study, tossed balls back and forth. Study participants were told that each character was controlled by a person — but in reality, all of the other characters were automated.",
"In the first phase of the game, the computer was programmed to exclude one player after they received two tosses, leaving them to stand by and watch as the others played out the rest of the round. The goal of the study, Berry explains, was to see how people responded to the exclusion of a stranger, and to determine whether mindfulness changed their reactions in any way.",
"The researchers observed marked increases in empathetic behavior among players who did mindfulness training before beginning the game, compared to people who did attention training or no training at all, Berry says. While everyone in the study was able to identify the ostracized character, players who had undergone mindfulness training showed more concern for that person and were more likely to compensate for their exclusion with extra tosses during the next round, or with kind words in a post-game follow-up email.",
"“All four studies seemed to converge to suggest that they felt concern for the person in need, rather than feeling outraged at the people who were perpetrating the victimization,” Berry says. “They weren’t feeling negatively for themselves. They were specifically concerned for the other person, and this was specific to the mindfulness condition.”",
"While the findings can’t be extrapolated beyond online scenarios, Berry says past research has shown that mindfulness can increase kindness during in- person interactions as well. Why the practice is so powerful isn’t totally clear, but Berry says it may have something to do with how it “starkly contrasts our everyday ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.”",
"“Most of the time, we operate on automatic pilot without much awareness of what we are doing, why we are doing it or how our thoughts, feelings and other external stimuli are influencing our behavior,” Berry says. “I think training in mindfulness can break us from this automatic way of thinking about others and widen our circles for whom we show kindness.”",
"© 2021 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy (Your California Privacy Rights) and Do Not Sell My Personal Information. TIME may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google Privacy Policy Terms of Service apply."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Mindfulness and Meditation Can Make You a Nicer Person, Study Says | Time\n\n# This One Thing Makes You a Nicer Person\n\nBethan Mooney for TIME\n\nBy Jamie Ducharme\n\nJanuary 11, 2018 8:00 AM EST\n\nMindfulness — the practice of staying attuned to what’s happening in the\npresent moment — is a bonafide health trend right now, and for good reason.\nResearch suggests it can reduce stress, help with problem drinking, lower\nblood sugar levels and help people succeed at work. Now, according to a new\nstudy, it may even help you become a nicer person.\n\nThe research, published in the Journal of Experimental Psychology, found that\nmindfulness training inspired people to be kinder and more empathetic to a\nstranger who had been ostracized during a simulated online scenario.\n\n“When people witness someone being victimized, it’s really common for us to\nget distressed by it,” says study author Daniel Berry, an assistant professor\nof psychology at California State University San Marcos. But that distress\ndoesn’t always translate into empathy. “Sometimes that upset is displaced so\nthat we’re not feeling upset for the other person; we’re just feeling\nnegatively,” Berry explains. “When that happens, people actually tend to turn\naway from the person in need.”\n\nIn the study, “the folks who received mindfulness instruction seem to be\nbetter at regulating their emotions...allowing them to be present for the\nstrangers they were witnessing being victimized.”\n\n### Get our Health Newsletter. Sign up to receive the latest health and\nscience news, plus answers to wellness questions and expert tips.\n\n## Thank you!\n\nFor your security, we've sent a confirmation email to the address you entered.\nClick the link to confirm your subscription and begin receiving our\nnewsletters. If you don't get the confirmation within 10 minutes, please check\nyour spam folder.\n\nThe study consisted of four experiments, each with roughly 100-150 people\nenrolled. In most experiments, about half of the group was led through an\naudio-recorded guided meditation meant to help them stay present, while the\nothers either received no training or an attention-focused audio training.\nNext, people played a computer game in which four characters, including one\ncontrolled by the person in the study, tossed balls back and forth. Study\nparticipants were told that each character was controlled by a person — but in\nreality, all of the other characters were automated.\n\nIn the first phase of the game, the computer was programmed to exclude one\nplayer after they received two tosses, leaving them to stand by and watch as\nthe others played out the rest of the round. The goal of the study, Berry\nexplains, was to see how people responded to the exclusion of a stranger, and\nto determine whether mindfulness changed their reactions in any way.\n\nThe researchers observed marked increases in empathetic behavior among players\nwho did mindfulness training before beginning the game, compared to people who\ndid attention training or no training at all, Berry says. While everyone in\nthe study was able to identify the ostracized character, players who had\nundergone mindfulness training showed more concern for that person and were\nmore likely to compensate for their exclusion with extra tosses during the\nnext round, or with kind words in a post-game follow-up email.\n\nMORE: How Meditation Helps You Handle Stress Better\n\n“All four studies seemed to converge to suggest that they felt concern for the\nperson in need, rather than feeling outraged at the people who were\nperpetrating the victimization,” Berry says. “They weren’t feeling negatively\nfor themselves. They were specifically concerned for the other person, and\nthis was specific to the mindfulness condition.”\n\nWhile the findings can’t be extrapolated beyond online scenarios, Berry says\npast research has shown that mindfulness can increase kindness during in-\nperson interactions as well. Why the practice is so powerful isn’t totally\nclear, but Berry says it may have something to do with how it “starkly\ncontrasts our everyday ways of thinking, feeling and behaving.”\n\n“Most of the time, we operate on automatic pilot without much awareness of\nwhat we are doing, why we are doing it or how our thoughts, feelings and other\nexternal stimuli are influencing our behavior,” Berry says. “I think training\nin mindfulness can break us from this automatic way of thinking about others\nand widen our circles for whom we show kindness.”\n\nSubscribe to TIME\n\nWrite to Jamie Ducharme at jamie.ducharme@time.com.\n\n### SHARE THIS STORY\n\n## Read More From TIME\n\n## Related Stories\n\nRead Next\n\nHow Companies Teach Their Employees First Aid for Mental Health\n\nNext Up: Editor's Pick\n\nWhat America's Richest Ski Town's Handling of COVID-19 Shows\n\nEDIT POST\n\nYou have reached your limit of 4 free articles.\n\nGet unlimited access to TIME.com. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nSubscribe Now\n\nAlready a print subscriber? Go here to link your subscription.\n\nNeed help? Visit our Help Center.\n\nThank you for reading TIME. You have a limited number of free articles.\n\nYou have 3 free articles left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nYou have 2 free articles left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nYou have 1 free article left. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nThis is your last free article. Subscribe for just 99¢.\n\nSubscribe Subscribe Now\n\n© 2021 TIME USA, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our Terms of Service, Privacy Policy (Your California Privacy\nRights) and Do Not Sell My Personal Information. TIME may receive compensation\nfor some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject\nto change without notice. This site is protected by reCAPTCHA and the Google\nPrivacy Policy Terms of Service apply.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210628170156/https://news.stanford.edu/news/2011/february/relationships-common-bonds-021111.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Stanford study: You'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a few things in common",
"passages": [
"Two experiments showed that having just a few things in common – like a favorite author or musician – was enough to make someone feel the stress and anxiety that a new acquaintance was suffering. The research shows how inclined people are to form close bonds.",
"When something is wrong with my baby Something is wrong with me. And if I know she's worried Then I would feel that same misery.",
"With those four lines and a soulful melody, the rhythm and blues duo Sam and Dave summed up on a 1967 album what social scientists have since proven in several controlled laboratory experiments: When the person we love hurts, we hurt too.",
"But how intense is our emotional – and physiological – connection to someone we've just met? Can a stranger's stress make us anxious? And can a new acquaintance really make our hearts go pitter-patter?",
"In a set of experiments, the researchers found that when two people share just a few things in common, one can take on the feelings and physical reactions of the other who has been placed in an uncomfortable situation.",
"\"When people have longstanding relationships, they have shared experiences and overlapping social networks,\" said Greg Walton, an assistant professor of psychology. \"But we found that even when you strip those things away and create a sense of social connection in a lab with a five-minute conversation, that's sufficient to build a relationship where you care about someone.\"",
"In the first experiment, 70 women filled out a questionnaire asking them to list their birthplace and a few of their favorite things – such as books, movies, musicians and travel destinations.",
"Each woman was later introduced to a confederate – a person working for the researchers but posing as a fellow test subject. In a brief conversation with the test subject, the confederate pretended to have a few things in common with some of the women but nothing in common with the others.",
"The women in the first group were made to feel like they just met someone who shared an interest in something rare or unusual, like an esoteric author or an underground rock band.",
"The confederate was told that her role in the study was to memorize and deliver a speech on neurophysiology to a panel of judges. As the participant watched, the confederate acted anxious and nervous, saying things like \"I'm really bad at giving speeches\" and asking if she would be evaluated on her performance.",
"\"We had the confederate act really freaked out,\" said David Cwir, a doctoral candidate at the University of Waterloo and lead author of the paper.",
"The test subjects who believed they had three things in common with the confederate and felt a sense of kinship with her reported a 28 percent increase in stress over the subjects who had no shared interests with the imposter.",
"\"The test subjects literally incorporated the feelings of the confederate into their own feelings,\" Cwir said. \"Just by finding out they shared a few things in common was enough to create this psychological and emotional merging.\"",
"The second experiment was staged in the same way, but included 45 men and women. Instead of having the confederate prepare a stressful speech, she ran in place for three minutes while the test subjects sat in a chair and watched.",
"After the exercise routine left the confederate sweaty and breathless, the participants had their own vital signs measured. Those who believed they had some interests in common with the confederate had more than a 5 percent increase in their heart rates. And their blood pressure went up almost 9 percent from the start of the study.",
"Heart rates hardly budged among those who felt no connection to the confederate, and their blood pressure rose only about 4 percent.",
"\"It is surprising that we found these reactions happening between strangers,\" said Priyanka Carr, a doctoral candidate at Stanford who conducted the second experiment. \"But it shows that we're built to connect with other people. Our selves are not isolated from everyone around us. We're meant to have relationships, to feel what our partners feel.\""
]
},
"parsed_md": "Stanford study: You'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a few\nthings in common\n\nStanford Report, February 11, 2011\n\n# Cupid can help, but you'll have better luck with a valentine if you have a\nfew things in common, according to Stanford study\n\nTwo experiments showed that having just a few things in common – like a\nfavorite author or musician – was enough to make someone feel the stress and\nanxiety that a new acquaintance was suffering. The research shows how inclined\npeople are to form close bonds.\n\nBy Adam Gorlick\n\nL.A. Cicero\n\nAssistant Professor of Psychology Greg Walton\n\nWhen something is wrong with my baby Something is wrong with me. And if I know\nshe's worried Then I would feel that same misery.\n\nWith those four lines and a soulful melody, the rhythm and blues duo Sam and\nDave summed up on a 1967 album what social scientists have since proven in\nseveral controlled laboratory experiments: When the person we love hurts, we\nhurt too.\n\nBut how intense is our emotional – and physiological – connection to someone\nwe've just met? Can a stranger's stress make us anxious? And can a new\nacquaintance really make our hearts go pitter-patter?\n\nTurns out they can, say Stanford psychologists.\n\nIn a set of experiments, the researchers found that when two people share just\na few things in common, one can take on the feelings and physical reactions of\nthe other who has been placed in an uncomfortable situation.\n\nTheir findings are slated for publication in an upcoming edition of the\nJournal of Experimental Social Psychology.\n\n\"When people have longstanding relationships, they have shared experiences and\noverlapping social networks,\" said Greg Walton, an assistant professor of\npsychology. \"But we found that even when you strip those things away and\ncreate a sense of social connection in a lab with a five-minute conversation,\nthat's sufficient to build a relationship where you care about someone.\"\n\nIn the first experiment, 70 women filled out a questionnaire asking them to\nlist their birthplace and a few of their favorite things – such as books,\nmovies, musicians and travel destinations.\n\nEach woman was later introduced to a confederate – a person working for the\nresearchers but posing as a fellow test subject. In a brief conversation with\nthe test subject, the confederate pretended to have a few things in common\nwith some of the women but nothing in common with the others.\n\nThe women in the first group were made to feel like they just met someone who\nshared an interest in something rare or unusual, like an esoteric author or an\nunderground rock band.\n\nThe confederate was told that her role in the study was to memorize and\ndeliver a speech on neurophysiology to a panel of judges. As the participant\nwatched, the confederate acted anxious and nervous, saying things like \"I'm\nreally bad at giving speeches\" and asking if she would be evaluated on her\nperformance.\n\n\"We had the confederate act really freaked out,\" said David Cwir, a doctoral\ncandidate at the University of Waterloo and lead author of the paper.\n\nAt the same time, the test subjects answered questionnaires to gauge how\nstressed they felt at the moment.\n\nThe test subjects who believed they had three things in common with the\nconfederate and felt a sense of kinship with her reported a 28 percent\nincrease in stress over the subjects who had no shared interests with the\nimposter.\n\n\"The test subjects literally incorporated the feelings of the confederate into\ntheir own feelings,\" Cwir said. \"Just by finding out they shared a few things\nin common was enough to create this psychological and emotional merging.\"\n\nThe second experiment was staged in the same way, but included 45 men and\nwomen. Instead of having the confederate prepare a stressful speech, she ran\nin place for three minutes while the test subjects sat in a chair and watched.\n\nAfter the exercise routine left the confederate sweaty and breathless, the\nparticipants had their own vital signs measured. Those who believed they had\nsome interests in common with the confederate had more than a 5 percent\nincrease in their heart rates. And their blood pressure went up almost 9\npercent from the start of the study.\n\nHeart rates hardly budged among those who felt no connection to the\nconfederate, and their blood pressure rose only about 4 percent.\n\n\"It is surprising that we found these reactions happening between strangers,\"\nsaid Priyanka Carr, a doctoral candidate at Stanford who conducted the second\nexperiment. \"But it shows that we're built to connect with other people. Our\nselves are not isolated from everyone around us. We're meant to have\nrelationships, to feel what our partners feel.\"\n\n## Media Contact\n\nAdam Gorlick, Stanford News Service: (650) 725-0224, agorlick@stanford.edu\n\n## Related To This Story\n\n * Research paper\n * Greg Walton\n * Priyanka Carr\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416114715/https://www.artofmanliness.com/articles/make-non-awkward-invitations/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward",
"passages": [
"You’ve talked to a cute barista at your favorite coffee shop for months, but you only see her when she’s working.",
"A lot of men bemoan the less-than-robust nature of their romantic and social lives, but the truth is, they haven’t done much to change them. These men are reactive instead of proactive, hoping that someone else will make the first move instead. Yet other people are in the very same passive mindset. Thus, nobody gets together with anybody!",
"If you want to make progress in your social life, it’s up to you to break this stalemate by taking the initiative yourself. You do that by inviting people you want to get to know better to do things — to go on a date or hang out.",
"Of course, the reason the majority of people don’t take the initiative is that doing so is risky — you worry your invitations will come out weird and that your friendly entreaties will be rejected. Fortunately, it’s easy to make invitations in ways that significantly reduce any potential awkwardness, and greatly increase their chances of being accepted.",
"Keep a dual perspective. Don’t assume people share all your interests, and simply invite them to do something you think is fun. Instead, find out what activities they like, and invite them to do something you both enjoy. By maintaining this “dual perspective,” you’ll be more likely to get a yes.",
"Be specific and direct. How many times do you run into an acquaintance and the conversation ends with this exchange: “We should hang out sometime,” followed by their response, “Yeah definitely.” Of course, neither one of you sees the other until you randomly run into each other again, only to repeat your vague intentions of getting together “sometime.”",
"Instead of making hazy, indefinite invitations, be specific and direct. Ask someone if they want to do X activity, at X place, on X day, at X time. Ask a yes or no question, and get a yes or no answer.",
"“Many people (and I am one) feel embarrassed at responding, ‘No I’m not doing anything at all.’ And having said that, some feel resentful at being put into the position of having to either agree to the proposal, offer another, or say in effect that they’d rather do nothing than be with you.”",
"On the romantic front, instead of asking someone out to dinner, ask if she’ll join you for coffee. A coffee date is accordion-like in its structure: if it goes poorly, you can keep it short and depart after 20 minutes or so. If it goes very well, you can expand it further and ask if she’d like to go do something else. “What’s the rest of your morning look like? Do you want to go check out the farmer’s market?”",
"Sound casual. The tone of your invitation will influence its recipient’s response. The sound of anxiety and desperation reads as low status; it sends a visceral signal that you’re going to be a negative burden in their life rather than a positive asset.",
"[Said with worried expression and serious tone] “I really enjoyed meeting you. It’s been so hard to make friends here. I’m sure you’re busy, but, um . . . I was just wondering if you’d like to, um, go cycling sometime? I really feel like we could be good friends.”",
"[Said with smile and casual tone] “It was great talking to you tonight. You mentioned wanting to cycle the Evergreen Trail sometime. Do you want to meet up Saturday morning to ride it together?”",
"Don’t imbue your invitations with heavy, life or death stakes. Keep ’em light, casual, and confident. Your tone should be: “I think you’d have fun doing this. But if you don’t want to go, that’s okay by me. No big deal.”",
"If you get a no . . . What if you follow the tips above, but the person still says no to your invitation?",
"If he or she says no, but proposes another time — “I can’t make it this Saturday, but how about the next?” — then they likely reciprocate your interest (platonic or romantic) in getting to know each other better.",
"If they say they can’t make it, but don’t propose another time, then they’re not likely interested in hanging out.",
"Still, try extending an invitation again a few weeks later. If you get the same response (a no without an attempt to propose another time), then you can feel more certain that they’re not interested.",
"There are exceptions of course, and the firmness of this guideline applies more to asking for dates (it’s essentially the Brad Pitt rule) than asking platonic acquaintances to hang out. In the latter case, if you keep running into each other and having good conversations in which the other person expresses what seems like sincere interest in hanging out, you might consider extending a third or even fourth invite. Well spaced out, of course. Some people are just flaky, and really poor initiative takers, or just passing through a busy phase in their lives, and need multiple invitations before they’ll say yes. (Of course, if they start off very flaky, that’s likely how they’ll always be, which, even if you become better friends, may prove hard to accept!) Read their tone, and parse their words, in deciding how persistent to be.",
"If you determine that that particular person doesn’t wish to hang out, no worries. Now that you know how to make non-awkward, easily accepted invitations, you can start regularly offering them to the many other fish in the sea!",
"The Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means we get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made through our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on AoM.",
"We use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website. If you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with it.OkPrivacy policy"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward | Art of Manliness\n\nMenu podcast\n\n * Accessories\n * Shaving\n * Style\n\nHow to Tie a TieHow to Clean a Baseball CapHere’s What Happened When I Wore a\nTie to Work Every Day for a YearHow to Make a Leather Belt\n\nHow To Shave Like Your Grandpa Using a Safety RazorHow to Trim Your Mustache:\nAn Illustrated GuideHow to Grow a Handlebar MustacheHow to Treat a Shaving Cut\n\nChukka Boots: The FAQThe Best Damn Guide to Men’s T-Shirts on the Internet10\nThings Your Father Should Have Taught You About StyleIf/How to Wear a Suit\nWithout a Tie\n\nBrowse all Style & Grooming\n\n * College\n * Entrepreneurship\n * Networking\n * Personal Finance\n * So You Want My Job\n\nPodcast #449: Faster and Cheaper Alternatives to CollegeSaving for Your Kids’\nCollege Education: A Primer on the 529Podcast #385: Learning How to LearnHow\nto Write the Perfect College Application Essay\n\nHow to Pursue a New Career (While Still Getting the Bills Paid)So You (Or Your\nWife) Wants to Join a Multi-Level Marketing CompanyPodcast #175: How to\nImprove Your Work and Life With Systems10 Tips for Successfully Working from\nHome\n\nPodcast #403: A Better Way to Network#393: The Importance of Building Your\nSocial CapitalMaking Introductions: The FAQsHow to Contact a Busy Person\n\n11 Personal Finance Goals for Your 20sPodcast #659: Do You Want to Be Rich or\nWealthy? (And Why the Difference Matters)8 Personal Finance Lessons from\nBenjamin FranklinPodcast #605: The Money Moves You Should Make Right Now\n\nSo You Want My Job: Stay-at-Home DadSo You Want My Trade: Concrete MasonSo You\nWant My Trade: Elevator MechanicSo You Want My Trade: Automotive\nMechanic/Technician\n\nBrowse all Money & Career\n\n * Fitness\n * Nutrition\n * Sports\n * Wellness\n\nPodcast #415: Forging Mental Strength Through Physical StrengthThe Steve\nMcQueen WorkoutThe Gas Station Ready WorkoutThe Case for Not Listening to\nMusic When You Work Out\n\nPodcast #475: How to Lose Weight, and Keep It Off ForeverPodcast #608: How\nCaffeine Hooks, Hurts, and Helps UsReady, Set, Fast: How Strategic Meal-\nSkipping Can Help You Lose Fat, Gain Muscle, and Get HealthierHow to Make Pine\nNeedle Tea\n\nThe 10 Physical Skills Every Man Should MasterRelax These 2 Body Parts to Run\nFarther and FasterBoys, Ferocity, Frontiers, and SportsHow to Tape an Ankle\n\nHow to Sauna: All the FAQsHow Saunas Can Help Save Your Body, Mind, and\nSpiritPodcast #678: Physical Benchmarks Every Man Should Meet, At Every AgeHow\nto Tame the Dad Sneeze\n\nBrowse all Health & Sports\n\n * Dating\n * Etiquette\n * Fatherhood\n * Friendship\n * Social Skills\n\nWhy the Secret of a Happy, Successful Marriage Is Treating It Like a Bank\nAccount7 Romantic, Non-Lame, Can’t-Miss DIY Valentine’s Day Gifts for Your\nGalHow to Write a Love LetterPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through\nHuman Hacking\n\nThe Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy NoteThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions\nNever to AskA Man Is Punctual: The Importance of Being on TimeHow to Acquire\nGood Manners\n\nThe Best Riddles for KidsPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human\nHacking30+ Tricks, Games, and Stunts to Entertain Your Kids on Long, Dark\nWinter NightsPodcast #665: How Childhood Shapes Adulthood\n\nPodcast #680: Influence and Persuade Through Human HackingPodcast #670: The\nHidden Tragedy of Male LonelinessThe 3 Reasons Friendships EndThe Best Way to\nMake and Keep Friendships in Adulthood\n\nThe Art of Small Talk: 5 Questions Never to AskPodcast #680: Influence and\nPersuade Through Human HackingSunday Firesides: Don’t Confuse Niceness With\nKindnessPodcast #462: How to Tell Better Stories\n\nBrowse all Relationships & Family\n\nin: Featured, Relationships & Family\n\nBrett and Kate McKay • October 9, 2017 • Last updated: September 5, 2020\n\n# How to Invite People to Do Things Without Being Awkward About It\n\nYou’ve talked to a cute barista at your favorite coffee shop for months, but\nyou only see her when she’s working.\n\nYou’ve become good buddies with a guy at work, but you’ve never hung out with\nhim outside the office.\n\nYou really enjoy chatting with a dude at church, but you’ve never moved beyond\nmaking small talk on Sundays.\n\nA lot of men bemoan the less-than-robust nature of their romantic and social\nlives, but the truth is, they haven’t done much to change them. These men are\nreactive instead of proactive, hoping that someone else will make the first\nmove instead. Yet other people are in the very same passive mindset. Thus,\nnobody gets together with anybody!\n\nIf you want to make progress in your social life, it’s up to you to break this\nstalemate by taking the initiative yourself. You do that by inviting people\nyou want to get to know better to do things — to go on a date or hang out.\n\nOf course, the reason the majority of people don’t take the initiative is that\ndoing so is risky — you worry your invitations will come out weird and that\nyour friendly entreaties will be rejected. Fortunately, it’s easy to make\ninvitations in ways that significantly reduce any potential awkwardness, and\ngreatly increase their chances of being accepted.\n\nJust follow these tips Alan Garner lays out in Conversationally Speaking:\n\nKeep a dual perspective. Don’t assume people share all your interests, and\nsimply invite them to do something you think is fun. Instead, find out what\nactivities they like, and invite them to do something you both enjoy. By\nmaintaining this “dual perspective,” you’ll be more likely to get a yes.\n\nBe specific and direct. How many times do you run into an acquaintance and the\nconversation ends with this exchange: “We should hang out sometime,” followed\nby their response, “Yeah definitely.” Of course, neither one of you sees the\nother until you randomly run into each other again, only to repeat your vague\nintentions of getting together “sometime.”\n\nInstead of making hazy, indefinite invitations, be specific and direct. Ask\nsomeone if they want to do X activity, at X place, on X day, at X time. Ask a\nyes or no question, and get a yes or no answer.\n\nDon’t ask: “Are you doing anything Saturday night?” Garner explains why:\n\n> “Many people (and I am one) feel embarrassed at responding, ‘No I’m not\n> doing anything at all.’ And having said that, some feel resentful at being\n> put into the position of having to either agree to the proposal, offer\n> another, or say in effect that they’d rather do nothing than be with you.”\n\nStart small. People are more likely to say yes to an invitation that requires\na minimal commitment. So instead of inviting someone to an elaborate, multi-\nhour affair, propose meeting up at the gym for a workout or for drinks after\nwork.\n\nOn the romantic front, instead of asking someone out to dinner, ask if she’ll\njoin you for coffee. A coffee date is accordion-like in its structure: if it\ngoes poorly, you can keep it short and depart after 20 minutes or so. If it\ngoes very well, you can expand it further and ask if she’d like to go do\nsomething else. “What’s the rest of your morning look like? Do you want to go\ncheck out the farmer’s market?”\n\nSound casual. The tone of your invitation will influence its recipient’s\nresponse. The sound of anxiety and desperation reads as low status; it sends a\nvisceral signal that you’re going to be a negative burden in their life rather\nthan a positive asset.\n\nTo which of these invitations would you respond more positively:\n\n 1. [Said with worried expression and serious tone] “I really enjoyed meeting you. It’s been so hard to make friends here. I’m sure you’re busy, but, um . . . I was just wondering if you’d like to, um, go cycling sometime? I really feel like we could be good friends.”\n 2. [Said with smile and casual tone] “It was great talking to you tonight. You mentioned wanting to cycle the Evergreen Trail sometime. Do you want to meet up Saturday morning to ride it together?”\n\nDon’t imbue your invitations with heavy, life or death stakes. Keep ’em light,\ncasual, and confident. Your tone should be: “I think you’d have fun doing\nthis. But if you don’t want to go, that’s okay by me. No big deal.”\n\nIf you get a no . . . What if you follow the tips above, but the person still\nsays no to your invitation?\n\nIf he or she says no, but proposes another time — “I can’t make it this\nSaturday, but how about the next?” — then they likely reciprocate your\ninterest (platonic or romantic) in getting to know each other better.\n\nIf they say they can’t make it, but don’t propose another time, then they’re\nnot likely interested in hanging out.\n\nStill, try extending an invitation again a few weeks later. If you get the\nsame response (a no without an attempt to propose another time), then you can\nfeel more certain that they’re not interested.\n\nThere are exceptions of course, and the firmness of this guideline applies\nmore to asking for dates (it’s essentially the Brad Pitt rule) than asking\nplatonic acquaintances to hang out. In the latter case, if you keep running\ninto each other and having good conversations in which the other person\nexpresses what seems like sincere interest in hanging out, you might consider\nextending a third or even fourth invite. Well spaced out, of course. Some\npeople are just flaky, and really poor initiative takers, or just passing\nthrough a busy phase in their lives, and need multiple invitations before\nthey’ll say yes. (Of course, if they start off very flaky, that’s likely how\nthey’ll always be, which, even if you become better friends, may prove hard to\naccept!) Read their tone, and parse their words, in deciding how persistent to\nbe.\n\nIf you determine that that particular person doesn’t wish to hang out, no\nworries. Now that you know how to make non-awkward, easily accepted\ninvitations, you can start regularly offering them to the many other fish in\nthe sea!\n\n### Related Articles\n\nPrevious Next\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nWant to start taking action on the content you read on AoM?\n\nJoin the Strenuous Life\n\nLearn More\n\nNever miss an update\n\nSubscribe to the AoM Newsletter\n\nPodcast #700\n\n###### The Life and Afterlife of Harry Houdini\n\nPodcast #699\n\n###### The No-Nonsense Guide to Simplifying Every Aspect of Your Life\n\nPodcast #698\n\n###### The Secrets of Public Speaking From History’s Greatest Orators\n\nPodcast #697\n\n###### Social Psychology Won’t Save Us\n\nView all\n\nRelated\n\nArticles///\n\n### 20 Aphorisms That I Thought Were Dumb as a Boy But Now Appreciate as a\nGrown Man\n\n### Chukka Boots: The FAQ\n\n### The Art of Letter Writing: The Sympathy Note\n\n### How to Give and Take Criticism like a Man\n\nView all\n\nTake action today\n\nJoin The Strenuous Life\n\nThe Art of Manliness Copyright © 2021 All Rights Reserved\n\n * Contact\n * Legal\n * About\n * All Topics\n * Archives\n\nThe Art of Manliness participates in affiliate marketing programs, which means\nwe get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our\nlinks. We only recommend products we genuinely like, and purchases made\nthrough our links support our mission and the free content we publish here on\nAoM.\n\nWe use cookies to ensure that we give you the best experience on our website.\nIf you continue to use this site we will assume that you are happy with\nit.OkPrivacy policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20220107035831/https://greatergood.berkeley.edu/topic/empathy/definition",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Empathy Definition",
"passages": [
"The term “empathy” is used to describe a wide range of experiences. Emotion researchers generally define empathy as the ability to sense other people’s emotions, coupled with the ability to imagine what someone else might be thinking or feeling.",
"Contemporary researchers often differentiate between two types of empathy: “Affective empathy” refers to the sensations and feelings we get in response to others’ emotions; this can include mirroring what that person is feeling, or just feeling stressed when we detect another’s fear or anxiety. “Cognitive empathy,” sometimes called “perspective taking,” refers to our ability to identify and understand other people’s emotions. Studies suggest that people with autism spectrum disorders have a hard time empathizing.",
"Empathy seems to have deep roots in our brains and bodies, and in our evolutionary history. Elementary forms of empathy have been observed in our primate relatives, in dogs, and even in rats. Empathy has been associated with two different pathways in the brain, and scientists have speculated that some aspects of empathy can be traced to mirror neurons, cells in the brain that fire when we observe someone else perform an action in much the same way that they would fire if we performed that action ourselves. Research has also uncovered evidence of a genetic basis to empathy, though studies suggest that people can enhance (or restrict) their natural empathic abilities.",
"Having empathy doesn’t necessarily mean we’ll want to help someone in need, though it’s often a vital first step toward compassionate action.",
"For more: Read Frans de Waal’s essay on “The Evolution of Empathy” and Daniel Goleman’s overview of different forms of empathy, drawing on the work of Paul Ekman.",
"Empathy is a building block of morality—for people to follow the Golden Rule, it helps if they can put themselves in someone else’s shoes. It is also a key ingredient of successful relationships because it helps us understand the perspectives, needs, and intentions of others. Here are some of the ways that research has testified to the far-reaching importance of empathy.",
"Seminal studies by Daniel Batson and Nancy Eisenberg have shown that people higher in empathy are more likely to help others in need, even when doing so cuts against their self-interest.",
"Empathy reduces prejudice and racism: In one study, white participants made to empathize with an African American man demonstrated less racial bias afterward.",
"Empathy is good for your marriage: Research suggests being able to understand your partner’s emotions deepens intimacy and boosts relationship satisfaction; it’s also fundamental to resolving conflicts. (The GGSC’s Christine Carter has written about effective strategies for developing and expressing empathy in relationships.)",
"Empathy reduces bullying: Studies of Mary Gordon’s innovative Roots of Empathy program have found that it decreases bullying and aggression among kids, and makes them kinder and more inclusive toward their peers. An unrelated study found that bullies lack “affective empathy” but not cognitive empathy, suggesting that they know how their victims feel but lack the kind of empathy that would deter them from hurting others.",
"Empathy reduces suspensions: In one study, students of teachers who participated in an empathy training program were half as likely to be suspended, compared to students of teachers who didn’t participate.",
"Empathy promotes heroic acts: A seminal study by Samuel and Pearl Oliner found that people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust had been encouraged at a young age to take the perspectives of others.",
"Empathy fights inequality. As Robert Reich and Arlie Hochschild have argued, empathy encourages us to reach out and want to help people who are not in our social group, even those who belong to stigmatized groups, like the poor. Conversely, research suggests that inequality can reduce empathy: People show less empathy when they attain higher socioeconomic status.",
"Empathy is good for the office: Managers who demonstrate empathy have employees who are sick less often and report greater happiness.",
"Empathy is good for health care: A large-scale study found that doctors high in empathy have patients who enjoy better health; other research suggests training doctors to be more empathic improves patient satisfaction and the doctors’ own emotional well-being.",
"Empathy is good for police: Research suggests that empathy can help police officers increase their confidence in handling crises, diffuse crises with less physical force, and feel less distant from the people they’re dealing with.",
"Humans experience affective empathy from infancy, physically sensing their caregivers’ emotions and often mirroring those emotions. Cognitive empathy emerges later in development, around three to four years of age, roughly when children start to develop an elementary “theory of mind”—that is, the understanding that other people experience the world differently than they do.",
"From these early forms of empathy, research suggests we can develop more complex forms that go a long way toward improving our relationships and the world around us. Here are some specific, science-based activities for cultivating empathy from our site Greater Good in Action:",
"Active listening: Express active interest in what the other person has to say and make him or her feel heard.",
"Shared identity: Think of a person who seems to be very different from you, and then list what you have in common.",
"Put a human face on suffering: When reading the news, look for profiles of specific individuals and try to imagine what their lives have been like.",
"Focus your attention outwards: Being mindfully aware of your surroundings, especially the behaviors and expressions of other people, is crucial for empathy. Indeed, research suggests practicing mindfulness helps us take the perspectives of other people yet not feel overwhelmed when we encounter their negative emotions.",
"Get out of your own head: Research shows we can increase our own level of empathy by actively imagining what someone else might be experiencing.",
"Don’t jump to conclusions about others: We feel less empathy when we assume that people suffering are somehow getting what they deserve.",
"Show empathic body language: Empathy is expressed not just by what we say, but by our facial expressions, posture, tone of voice, and eye contact (or lack thereof).",
"Meditate: Neuroscience research by Richard Davidson and his colleagues suggests that meditation—specifically loving-kindness meditation, which focuses attention on concern for others—might increase the capacity for empathy among short-term and long-term meditators alike (though especially among long-time meditators).",
"Explore imaginary worlds: Research by Keith Oatley and colleagues has found that people who read fiction are more attuned to others’ emotions and intentions.",
"Play games: Neuroscience research suggests that when we compete against others, our brains are making a “mental model” of the other person’s thoughts and intentions.",
"Take lessons from babies: Mary Gordon’s Roots of Empathy program is designed to boost empathy by bringing babies into classrooms, stimulating children’s basic instincts to resonate with others’ emotions.",
"Combat inequality: Research has shown that attaining higher socioeconomic status diminishes empathy, perhaps because people of high SES have less of a need to connect with, rely on, or cooperate with others. As the gap widens between the haves and have-nots, we risk facing an empathy gap as well. This doesn’t mean money is evil, but if you have a lot of it, you might need to be more intentional about maintaining your own empathy toward others.",
"Pay attention to faces: Pioneering research by Paul Ekman has found we can improve our ability to identify other people’s emotions by systematically studying facial expressions. Take our Emotional Intelligence Quiz for a primer, or check out Ekman’s F.A.C.E. program for more rigorous training.",
"Believe that empathy can be learned: People who think their empathy levels are changeable put more effort into being empathic, listening to others, and helping, even when it’s challenging.",
"For more: The Ashoka Foundation’s Start Empathy initiative tracks educators’ best practices for teaching empathy. The initiative gave awards to 14 programs judged to do the best job at educating for empathy. The nonprofit Playworks also offers eight strategies for developing empathy in children.",
"According to research, we’re more likely to help a single sufferer than a large group of faceless victims, and we empathize more with in-group members than out-group members. Does this reflect a defect in empathy itself? Some critics believe so, while others argue that the real problem is how we suppress our own empathy.",
"Empathy, after all, can be painful. An “empathy trap” occurs when we’re so focused on feeling what others are feeling that we neglect our own emotions and needs—and other people can take advantage of this. Doctors and caregivers are at particular risk of feeling emotionally overwhelmed by empathy.",
"In other cases, empathy seems to be detrimental. Empathizing with out-groups can make us more reluctant to engage with them, if we imagine that they’ll be critical of us. Sociopaths could use cognitive empathy to help them exploit or even torture people.",
"Even if we are well-intentioned, we tend to overestimate our empathic skills. We may think we know the whole story about other people when we’re actually making biased judgments—which can lead to misunderstandings and exacerbate prejudice.",
"* #### The Relation of Empathy to Prosocial and Related Behaviors\nThe relationship between empathy and prosocial behaviors, which are behaviors like helping and sharing done to...",
"* #### Is Empathic Emotion a Source of Altruistic Motivation?\nA look at whether empathy causes an altruistic desire to help rather than an egotistical one.",
"What does your best possible self look like? Our guest tries a practice in optimism by imagining her brightest future.",
"Become a subscribing member today. Help us continue to bring “the science of a meaningful life” to you and to millions around the globe.",
"The Greater Good Science Center studies the psychology, sociology, and neuroscience of well-being, and teaches skills that foster a thriving, resilient, and compassionate society."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Empathy Definition | What Is Empathy\n\nSKIP TO: Header | Log in | Register | Navigation | Main Content | Footer\n\nGreater Good Science Center • Magazine • In Action • In Education\n\nSign up for our newsletters\n\nGreater Good Magazine\n\nDonate\n\nnav menu\n\nScroll To Top\n\n# Empathy Defined\n\n## What is Empathy?\n\nThe term “empathy” is used to describe a wide range of experiences. Emotion\nresearchers generally define empathy as the ability to sense other people’s\nemotions, coupled with the ability to imagine what someone else might be\nthinking or feeling.\n\nContemporary researchers often differentiate between two types of empathy:\n“Affective empathy” refers to the sensations and feelings we get in response\nto others’ emotions; this can include mirroring what that person is feeling,\nor just feeling stressed when we detect another’s fear or anxiety. “Cognitive\nempathy,” sometimes called “perspective taking,” refers to our ability to\nidentify and understand other people’s emotions. Studies suggest that people\nwith autism spectrum disorders have a hard time empathizing.\n\nEmpathy seems to have deep roots in our brains and bodies, and in our\nevolutionary history. Elementary forms of empathy have been observed in our\nprimate relatives, in dogs, and even in rats. Empathy has been associated with\ntwo different pathways in the brain, and scientists have speculated that some\naspects of empathy can be traced to mirror neurons, cells in the brain that\nfire when we observe someone else perform an action in much the same way that\nthey would fire if we performed that action ourselves. Research has also\nuncovered evidence of a genetic basis to empathy, though studies suggest that\npeople can enhance (or restrict) their natural empathic abilities.\n\nHaving empathy doesn’t necessarily mean we’ll want to help someone in need,\nthough it’s often a vital first step toward compassionate action.\n\nFor more: Read Frans de Waal’s essay on “The Evolution of Empathy” and Daniel\nGoleman’s overview of different forms of empathy, drawing on the work of Paul\nEkman.\n\n##### What are the Limitations?\n\n * #### When Empathy Hurts, Compassion Can Heal\n\nBy Adam Hoffman\n\nA new neuroscientific study shows that compassion training can help us cope\nwith other...\n\n * #### Does Empathy Reduce Prejudice—or Promote It?\n\nBy Rodolfo Mendoza-Denton\n\nRodolfo Mendoza-Denton explains how to make sense of conflicting scientific\nevidence.\n\n * #### How to Avoid the Empathy Trap\n\nBy Robin Stern, Diana Divecha\n\nDo you prioritize other people's feelings over your own? You might be falling\ninto the...\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\n16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\n\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\n\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\nor nostalgia.\n\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\n\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\n\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\nwith strong character and compassion.\n\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\n\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\n\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\ndown, pause, reflect.\n\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\n\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\n\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\n\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\n\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\nAugust 26, 2021\n\nOur contributors award \"Greater Goodies\" to the TV shows that helped them to\nget through the pandemic.\n\n## Why Practice It?\n\nEmpathy is a building block of morality—for people to follow the Golden Rule,\nit helps if they can put themselves in someone else’s shoes. It is also a key\ningredient of successful relationships because it helps us understand the\nperspectives, needs, and intentions of others. Here are some of the ways that\nresearch has testified to the far-reaching importance of empathy.\n\n * Seminal studies by Daniel Batson and Nancy Eisenberg have shown that people higher in empathy are more likely to help others in need, even when doing so cuts against their self-interest.\n * Empathy is contagious: When group norms encourage empathy, people are more likely to be empathic—and more altruistic.\n * Empathy reduces prejudice and racism: In one study, white participants made to empathize with an African American man demonstrated less racial bias afterward.\n * Empathy is good for your marriage: Research suggests being able to understand your partner’s emotions deepens intimacy and boosts relationship satisfaction; it’s also fundamental to resolving conflicts. (The GGSC’s Christine Carter has written about effective strategies for developing and expressing empathy in relationships.)\n * Empathy reduces bullying: Studies of Mary Gordon’s innovative Roots of Empathy program have found that it decreases bullying and aggression among kids, and makes them kinder and more inclusive toward their peers. An unrelated study found that bullies lack “affective empathy” but not cognitive empathy, suggesting that they know how their victims feel but lack the kind of empathy that would deter them from hurting others.\n * Empathy reduces suspensions: In one study, students of teachers who participated in an empathy training program were half as likely to be suspended, compared to students of teachers who didn’t participate.\n * Empathy promotes heroic acts: A seminal study by Samuel and Pearl Oliner found that people who rescued Jews during the Holocaust had been encouraged at a young age to take the perspectives of others.\n * Empathy fights inequality. As Robert Reich and Arlie Hochschild have argued, empathy encourages us to reach out and want to help people who are not in our social group, even those who belong to stigmatized groups, like the poor. Conversely, research suggests that inequality can reduce empathy: People show less empathy when they attain higher socioeconomic status.\n * Empathy is good for the office: Managers who demonstrate empathy have employees who are sick less often and report greater happiness.\n * Empathy is good for health care: A large-scale study found that doctors high in empathy have patients who enjoy better health; other research suggests training doctors to be more empathic improves patient satisfaction and the doctors’ own emotional well-being.\n * Empathy is good for police: Research suggests that empathy can help police officers increase their confidence in handling crises, diffuse crises with less physical force, and feel less distant from the people they’re dealing with.\n\nFor more: Learn about why we should teach empathy to preschoolers.\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\n16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\n\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\n\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\nor nostalgia.\n\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\n\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\n\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\nwith strong character and compassion.\n\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\n\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\n\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\ndown, pause, reflect.\n\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\n\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\n\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\n\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\n\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\nAugust 26, 2021\n\nOur contributors award \"Greater Goodies\" to the TV shows that helped them to\nget through the pandemic.\n\n## How Do I Cultivate It?\n\nHumans experience affective empathy from infancy, physically sensing their\ncaregivers’ emotions and often mirroring those emotions. Cognitive empathy\nemerges later in development, around three to four years of age, roughly when\nchildren start to develop an elementary “theory of mind”—that is, the\nunderstanding that other people experience the world differently than they do.\n\nFrom these early forms of empathy, research suggests we can develop more\ncomplex forms that go a long way toward improving our relationships and the\nworld around us. Here are some specific, science-based activities for\ncultivating empathy from our site Greater Good in Action:\n\n * Active listening: Express active interest in what the other person has to say and make him or her feel heard.\n * Shared identity: Think of a person who seems to be very different from you, and then list what you have in common.\n * Put a human face on suffering: When reading the news, look for profiles of specific individuals and try to imagine what their lives have been like.\n * Eliciting altruism: Create reminders of connectedness.\n\nAnd here are some of the keys that researchers have identified for nurturing\nempathy in ourselves and others:\n\n * Focus your attention outwards: Being mindfully aware of your surroundings, especially the behaviors and expressions of other people, is crucial for empathy. Indeed, research suggests practicing mindfulness helps us take the perspectives of other people yet not feel overwhelmed when we encounter their negative emotions.\n * Get out of your own head: Research shows we can increase our own level of empathy by actively imagining what someone else might be experiencing.\n * Don’t jump to conclusions about others: We feel less empathy when we assume that people suffering are somehow getting what they deserve.\n * Show empathic body language: Empathy is expressed not just by what we say, but by our facial expressions, posture, tone of voice, and eye contact (or lack thereof).\n * Meditate: Neuroscience research by Richard Davidson and his colleagues suggests that meditation—specifically loving-kindness meditation, which focuses attention on concern for others—might increase the capacity for empathy among short-term and long-term meditators alike (though especially among long-time meditators).\n * Explore imaginary worlds: Research by Keith Oatley and colleagues has found that people who read fiction are more attuned to others’ emotions and intentions.\n * Join the band: Recent studies have shown that playing music together boosts empathy in kids.\n * Play games: Neuroscience research suggests that when we compete against others, our brains are making a “mental model” of the other person’s thoughts and intentions.\n * Take lessons from babies: Mary Gordon’s Roots of Empathy program is designed to boost empathy by bringing babies into classrooms, stimulating children’s basic instincts to resonate with others’ emotions.\n * Combat inequality: Research has shown that attaining higher socioeconomic status diminishes empathy, perhaps because people of high SES have less of a need to connect with, rely on, or cooperate with others. As the gap widens between the haves and have-nots, we risk facing an empathy gap as well. This doesn’t mean money is evil, but if you have a lot of it, you might need to be more intentional about maintaining your own empathy toward others.\n * Pay attention to faces: Pioneering research by Paul Ekman has found we can improve our ability to identify other people’s emotions by systematically studying facial expressions. Take our Emotional Intelligence Quiz for a primer, or check out Ekman’s F.A.C.E. program for more rigorous training.\n * Believe that empathy can be learned: People who think their empathy levels are changeable put more effort into being empathic, listening to others, and helping, even when it’s challenging.\n\nFor more: The Ashoka Foundation’s Start Empathy initiative tracks educators’\nbest practices for teaching empathy. The initiative gave awards to 14 programs\njudged to do the best job at educating for empathy. The nonprofit Playworks\nalso offers eight strategies for developing empathy in children.\n\n### What Are the Pitfalls and Limitations of Empathy?\n\nAccording to research, we’re more likely to help a single sufferer than a\nlarge group of faceless victims, and we empathize more with in-group members\nthan out-group members. Does this reflect a defect in empathy itself? Some\ncritics believe so, while others argue that the real problem is how we\nsuppress our own empathy.\n\nEmpathy, after all, can be painful. An “empathy trap” occurs when we’re so\nfocused on feeling what others are feeling that we neglect our own emotions\nand needs—and other people can take advantage of this. Doctors and caregivers\nare at particular risk of feeling emotionally overwhelmed by empathy.\n\nIn other cases, empathy seems to be detrimental. Empathizing with out-groups\ncan make us more reluctant to engage with them, if we imagine that they’ll be\ncritical of us. Sociopaths could use cognitive empathy to help them exploit or\neven torture people.\n\nEven if we are well-intentioned, we tend to overestimate our empathic skills.\nWe may think we know the whole story about other people when we’re actually\nmaking biased judgments—which can lead to misunderstandings and exacerbate\nprejudice.\n\n### Featured Articles\n\n## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nBy Kira M. Newman, Jeremy Adam Smith, Jill Suttie, Maryam Abdullah | December\n16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\n## Why Sad Songs Make You Feel Good\n\nBy Simon McCarthy-Jones | November 19, 2021\n\nWe listen to sad music when we want to reflect, belong, or experience beauty\nor nostalgia.\n\n## Can Science and Faith Both Help With Parenting?\n\nBy Steve Calechman | September 23, 2021\n\nReligious organizations are drawing on research to help parents raise kids\nwith strong character and compassion.\n\n## Three Steps to Understanding Your Partner’s Emotions\n\nBy Linda Graham | September 22, 2021\n\nAngry or overheated when talking about emotions? Try these steps: Chunk it\ndown, pause, reflect.\n\n## How Small Moments of Empathy Affect Your Life\n\nBy Jill Suttie | August 31, 2021\n\nA new study suggests that everyday experiences of empathy contribute to our\nwell-being and kind behavior toward others.\n\n## Ten TV Series That Can Help You Be Your Best Self\n\nBy Jeremy Adam Smith, Serena Maria Daniels, Jason Marsh, Shanna B. Tiayon |\nAugust 26, 2021\n\nOur contributors award \"Greater Goodies\" to the TV shows that helped them to\nget through the pandemic.\n\n * ### Related Articles\n\n * ## The Top 10 Insights from the “Science of a Meaningful Life” in 2021\n\nDecember 16, 2021\n\nOur team names the most provocative and influential findings published during\nthis past year.\n\nView More Articles\n\n * ### Empathy Quiz\n\nHow well do you feel and understand what others are feeling?\n\nTake the Quiz\n\n * More Books\n\n * #### The Neurodevelopment of Empathy in Humans\n\nDecety argues that empathy involves multiple components including affective\narousal, emotion understanding, and...\n\n * #### The Relation of Empathy to Prosocial and Related Behaviors\n\nThe relationship between empathy and prosocial behaviors, which are behaviors\nlike helping and sharing done to...\n\n * #### Is Empathic Emotion a Source of Altruistic Motivation?\n\nA look at whether empathy causes an altruistic desire to help rather than an\negotistical one.\n\nMore Studies\n\n * ### Six Ways to Be a Better Listener\n\nHere are the do's and don'ts of good active listening.\n\n * ### Episode 108: The Case for Believing in Yourself\n\nWhat does your best possible self look like? Our guest tries a practice in\noptimism by imagining her brightest future.\n\n * ### Keys to Well-Being\n\n * Altruism\n * Awe\n * Compassion\n * Empathy\n * Diversity\n * Forgiveness\n * Gratitude\n * Happiness\n * Mindfulness\n * Purpose\n * Social Connection\n\n#### This article — and everything on this site — is funded by readers like\nyou.\n\nBecome a subscribing member today. Help us continue to bring “the science of a\nmeaningful life” to you and to millions around the globe.\n\nGive Now\n\nThe Greater Good Science Center studies the psychology, sociology, and\nneuroscience of well-being, and teaches skills that foster a thriving,\nresilient, and compassionate society.\n\nBerkeley: University of California\n\n© 2022 The Greater Good Science Center at the University of California,\nBerkeley\n\nDeveloped by Hop Studios Hop Studios\n\nDesigned by Project6 Project6\n\nAccessibility | Nondiscrimination | Privacy Policy\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * LinkedIn\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416181931/https://psychcentral.com/blog/how-to-better-understand-your-partner",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Better Understand Your Partner",
"passages": [
"All of us want to be seen, heard and understood. We especially want this from our partners. We want our partners to say, Yes, I am listening. Yes, I get it. Yes, I understand your pain. I’m sorry it hurts, and I am here. We want our partners to be interested in and to care about what’s happening inside our hearts.",
"In fact, one of the most common complaints relationship therapist Rebecca Wong, LCSW, hears from her clients is that they don’t feel this from their partners — even though it’s powerful and vital for healthy relationships. “Feeling seen, heard and understood leads to deeper intimacy and relational growth.” When we don’t have this, we feel rejected and like we don’t matter, which can fracture our relationship over time, she said.",
"There’s a pervasive (inaccurate) belief that understanding our partners means that we must agree with them. But as Wong said, “you can totally disagree.” Instead, understanding simply means listening to our partners fully and intently. It means absorbing what they’re saying. It means saying to your partner, “I think I’m understanding you. But let me check: What you are saying is...” It means staying with this process “until your partner has no need to further clarify their perspective, because they know you get it. Even if you don’t agree, you get it.”",
"When your partner is talking, you don’t need to do anything, said Wong, the founder of the research-based practice Connectfulness. You don’t need to try to fix the situation or make things better. “Your only role is to be another being for your partner to share their human experience with.”",
"“Seek first to understand, then to be understood,” Wong said. Try not to formulate your responses as you’re listening to your partner. This only keeps you from deeply digesting what they’re saying, and hinders true understanding. “When your partner feels understood, they will naturally reciprocate with curiosity about what you think and feel and you’ll have an opening to share your perspective.”",
"“[Defensiveness and complaints] are toxic relationship patterns that prevent you from really connecting intimately,” Wong said. When someone critiques and complains, they inadvertently put their partner on the defensive, she said. It communicates to your partner that “it’s not me, it’s you.”",
"“So the trick there is to take some responsibility, even a small iota, a weensy tidbit — ‘I can see your point, I did say that I would...I need to...” It’s also helpful to tell your partner how you’re feeling and what you need. (More on that below.)",
"Interestingly, understanding our partners also involves understanding ourselves. “It’s hard to manage all the stuff that bubbles up and gets in the way of simply listening when you have a ton of feelings and needs prickling at you,” Wong said.",
"That’s why it’s important to slow down and spend some time connecting to your own feelings and needs. Wong suggested being honest with your partner when you need to do that: “I want to understand you but I need to sit with myself first, can you give me __ time?” “That will feel better to your partner than not being understood.”",
"To tune into your feelings and needs, pay attention to your bodily sensations. This helps you identify what’s happening to you internally, so you can then share it with your partner, she said. For instance, you might consider: “Does the hair on the back of your neck or arms prickle up? Is your heart racing? Do you feel flushed? Can you mindfully slow down your breath? What do you need to feel calmer, soothed and more secure?”",
"Understanding our partners requires patience on our part. It requires that we pause and don’t interrupt our partner or start formulating responses in our minds. It requires us to turn our full attention toward them. This isn’t easy. And it takes practice. But it also gives our partners a beautiful gift: the gift of being seen for who they are and what they need.",
"Here's everything you might want to know about depression, including diagnosis and symptoms, types, causes, treatments, or how to help someone with...",
"Inside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches psychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...",
"At last count, there were over 300 mental health-related apps in the app stores. With this many, how do you choose? How do they differ from each other,",
"Many believe that forensic science is an exact science that can always find the right perpetrator. But is that actually true? Today’s guest explains...",
"At PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying diverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented in...",
"Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a wide range of symptoms, but there are also a variety of treatment options to help manage those...",
"What is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely react to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.",
"© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.",
"© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Better Understand Your Partner\n\n# How to Better Understand Your Partner\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Margarita\nTartakovsky, MS on March 11, 2016\n\nAll of us want to be seen, heard and understood. We especially want this from\nour partners. We want our partners to say, Yes, I am listening. Yes, I get it.\nYes, I understand your pain. I’m sorry it hurts, and I am here. We want our\npartners to be interested in and to care about what’s happening inside our\nhearts.\n\nWanting to be seen and heard and understood are basic human needs.\n\nIn fact, one of the most common complaints relationship therapist Rebecca\nWong, LCSW, hears from her clients is that they don’t feel this from their\npartners — even though it’s powerful and vital for healthy relationships.\n“Feeling seen, heard and understood leads to deeper intimacy and relational\ngrowth.” When we don’t have this, we feel rejected and like we don’t matter,\nwhich can fracture our relationship over time, she said.\n\nThere’s a pervasive (inaccurate) belief that understanding our partners means\nthat we must agree with them. But as Wong said, “you can totally disagree.”\nInstead, understanding simply means listening to our partners fully and\nintently. It means absorbing what they’re saying. It means saying to your\npartner, “I think I’m understanding you. But let me check: What you are saying\nis...” It means staying with this process “until your partner has no need to\nfurther clarify their perspective, because they know you get it. Even if you\ndon’t agree, you get it.”\n\nBelow, Wong shared suggestions on how we can “get it” and better understand\nour partners.\n\nBe fully present.\n\nWhen your partner is talking, you don’t need to do anything, said Wong, the\nfounder of the research-based practice Connectfulness. You don’t need to try\nto fix the situation or make things better. “Your only role is to be another\nbeing for your partner to share their human experience with.”\n\nUnderstand first.\n\n“Seek first to understand, then to be understood,” Wong said. Try not to\nformulate your responses as you’re listening to your partner. This only keeps\nyou from deeply digesting what they’re saying, and hinders true understanding.\n“When your partner feels understood, they will naturally reciprocate with\ncuriosity about what you think and feel and you’ll have an opening to share\nyour perspective.”\n\nAvoid complaints and defensiveness.\n\n“[Defensiveness and complaints] are toxic relationship patterns that prevent\nyou from really connecting intimately,” Wong said. When someone critiques and\ncomplains, they inadvertently put their partner on the defensive, she said. It\ncommunicates to your partner that “it’s not me, it’s you.”\n\n“So the trick there is to take some responsibility, even a small iota, a\nweensy tidbit — ‘I can see your point, I did say that I would...I need to...”\nIt’s also helpful to tell your partner how you’re feeling and what you need.\n(More on that below.)\n\nManage your own stuff.\n\nInterestingly, understanding our partners also involves understanding\nourselves. “It’s hard to manage all the stuff that bubbles up and gets in the\nway of simply listening when you have a ton of feelings and needs prickling at\nyou,” Wong said.\n\nThat’s why it’s important to slow down and spend some time connecting to your\nown feelings and needs. Wong suggested being honest with your partner when you\nneed to do that: “I want to understand you but I need to sit with myself\nfirst, can you give me __ time?” “That will feel better to your partner than\nnot being understood.”\n\nTo tune into your feelings and needs, pay attention to your bodily sensations.\nThis helps you identify what’s happening to you internally, so you can then\nshare it with your partner, she said. For instance, you might consider: “Does\nthe hair on the back of your neck or arms prickle up? Is your heart racing? Do\nyou feel flushed? Can you mindfully slow down your breath? What do you need to\nfeel calmer, soothed and more secure?”\n\nUnderstanding our partners requires patience on our part. It requires that we\npause and don’t interrupt our partner or start formulating responses in our\nminds. It requires us to turn our full attention toward them. This isn’t easy.\nAnd it takes practice. But it also gives our partners a beautiful gift: the\ngift of being seen for who they are and what they need.\n\nCouple talking photo available from Shutterstock\n\nLast medically reviewed on March 11, 2016\n\nMedically reviewed by Scientific Advisory Board — Written by Margarita\nTartakovsky, MS on March 11, 2016\n\n## RELATED\n\n * Depression\n\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Are Mental Health Apps Safe?\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Psychology of Forensics\n\n * Your Voice Matters Here\n\n### Read this next\n\n * Depression\n\nMedically reviewed by Francis Kuehnle, MSN, RN-BC\n\nHere's everything you might want to know about depression, including diagnosis\nand symptoms, types, causes, treatments, or how to help someone with...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health: A Psych Central Podcast\n\nInside Mental Health is an award-winning weekly podcast that approaches\npsychology and mental health in an accessible way. Listen as our host Gabe...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Are Mental Health Apps Safe?\n\nAt last count, there were over 300 mental health-related apps in the app\nstores. With this many, how do you choose? How do they differ from each other,\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Inside Mental Health Podcast: Psychology of Forensics\n\nMany believe that forensic science is an exact science that can always find\nthe right perpetrator. But is that actually true? Today’s guest explains...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Your Voice Matters Here\n\nAt PsychCentral, we are committed to listening, engaging and amplifying\ndiverse voices to ensure that all people and perspectives are represented\nin...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Treatment of ADHD in Children and Teens\n\nMedically reviewed by Matthew Boland, PhD\n\nAttention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) has a wide range of symptoms,\nbut there are also a variety of treatment options to help manage those...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * How to Taper Off Opioids Successfully\n\nMedically reviewed by Alyssa Peckham, PharmD, BCPP\n\nWhether you're taking opioids for pain or have opioid use disorder,\nsuccessfully tapering off opioids is possible. Here's how.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * 10 FAQs About Bipolar Disorder\n\nMedically reviewed by Timothy J. Legg, PhD, PsyD, CRNP, ACRN, CPH\n\nOur experts answer candid questions about bipolar disorder (formerly manic\ndepression) to enlighten, encourage, and dispel any myths.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Resources for Coping with the Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n\nLooking for more resources, articles, and ideas to help you cope with the\nanxiety, fear and stress of dealing\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What Is Your Emotional Type Quiz\n\nMedically reviewed by Vara Saripalli, PsyD\n\nWhat is your emotional type? Take our quiz and find out how you might likely\nreact to different situations and how to best navigate your current one.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * About Us\n * Newsletters\n * Find a therapist\n * Contact Us\n * Advertising Policy\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n * Privacy Settings\n * © 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Psych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\n\n© 2005-2021 Psych Central a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\nPsych Central does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nadditional information.\n\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\n\n"
}
] |
9,181,408 | How To Treat Arthritis in Horses | Before you treat arthritis in your horse, make sure to consult your veterinarian to determine how severe the arthritis is and what treatment is necessary. For example, if your horse is overweight, helping it lose weight may be the simplest way to reduce strain on its joints. You can try switching to a leaner food source and allowing your horse more time outdoors to shed excess weight. Additionally, you can treat arthritis in your horse by giving it feed supplements, like glucosamine or hyaluronic acid, which can reduce pain and stiffness. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200810114049/https://esc.rutgers.edu/fact_sheet/care-for-the-older-horse-diet-and-health/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200923153203/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1368"
] | train | 2,033 | [
{
"original_url": "https://esc.rutgers.edu/fact_sheet/care-for-the-older-horse-diet-and-health/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200810114049/https://esc.rutgers.edu/fact_sheet/care-for-the-older-horse-diet-and-health/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health",
"passages": [
"As with humans, chronological age does not always match the aging process. In studies by the author many horses over age 20 had conditions that required special care; however, many did not. Indeed, these horses often were still valued as riding or performance horses or, in the case of stallions and mares, used for breeding even past the age of thirty. Age alone should not be a criterion for retirement or special management. If the horse is in good body condition, healthy and active even at 20+ years, don’t change your routine. However, if an aged horse has some of the problems in Table 1, it may be a candidate for special care. Nutritional recommendations are given in Table 2.",
"As with human athletes, years of stress, injuries and general wear and tear can result in painful and crippling arthritic changes in older horses. Arthritis is a combination of inflammation and degeneration of the tissues associated with a joint which make flexion and/or weight bearing painful. Ringbone and spavin are examples of arthritic problems commonly seen in older horses. However, a little stiffness that the aged horse will warm out of fairly quickly when exercised should not be a cause for alarm or retirement.",
"In advanced age, it is not uncommon for horses to become reluctant to lie down, due to difficulty in getting back up. This is especially true if they are confined to a stall where exercise and space are limited. You can tell if a horse is not lying down by the lack of bedding or stains on its belly, outer thighs, or tail. While no studies have been done to determine how much “down time” a horse needs, most horses will lie down at least once every 2 or 3 days. Horses that do not lie down for prolonged periods of time due to pain or fear will often have stains or abrasions only on the front of their front legs. These are caused when the standing horse starts to fall into deep sleep and collapse, only to wake up and catch itself before going completely down. These horses are at greater risk of being unable to rise if they do go down and should be watched carefully.",
"If an older horse is down and unable to rise on its own, you may need help in assisting it up. Be very careful to not put yourself or others at risk when assisting a horse that has been down for a long time. If possible roll the horse onto its chest with plenty of room in front of it. When the horse starts to rise, it will extend its front legs and lurch forward as it tries to push up with its hind legs. Provide good traction for the hind feet. Never stand on the side where the feet are visible—the horse often moves its legs forcefully and quickly when attempting to rise and may kick or step on you. For example, if the horse is lying on its left side with its feet extended to the right, you should approach and do all manipulations on the horse’s left side. Position someone at the head or shoulder to help steady the horse as it starts to rise, and another person at the back of the rump to help push it forward and up. If the horse has been down for a long time it may be weak and struggle and/or collapse suddenly. Be extremely careful not to be in a position where if the horse starts to go down again, you could be hit by flailing legs or trapped underneath its body. Once up, the horse may stagger. Try to support it without putting yourself at risk if it collapses. Massaging the limbs and muscles to get the circulation going again may help.",
"To make the arthritic horse more comfortable, consult your farrier and veterinarian regarding the optimal way to trim or shoe the horse. Use anti- inflammatory drugs or other remedies recommended by your veterinarian if the horse is in chronic pain. Don’t let the horse become obese, since extra weight will increase the stress on its legs and contribute to other metabolic problems, such as laminitis.",
"Do not confine the horse to a stall unless absolutely necessary for medical reasons. The more the older horse can move about freely, the less stiff it will be. Ideally, there should be free access to turnout, preferably with another compatible horse or pony for company.",
"The most common causes of weight loss in aged horses are failure to keep up with deworming schedules, debilitating diseases and/or poor dentition. If an older horse is failing to maintain adequate body weight, despite good deworming schedules, normal appetite and adequate rations, its teeth should be checked carefully, using a full mouth speculum. Merely pulling the tongue to one side to look at the back teeth is not a reliable method of detecting dental abnormalities. If the teeth are normal, the horse should be carefully checked for disease by having a veterinarian perform a thorough physical exam, including a blood sample to check for chronic infections and liver or kidney dysfunction.",
"If no other abnormalities are found, the horse may be suffering malabsorption of its nutrients and/or other alterations in digestion. In such horses, a “senior” type ration may help. Such rations should provide at least 12% protein, with restricted calcium (<1.0%) and slightly increased phosphorus (0.3-0.5%) in the total ration. The calcium/phosphorus ratio, however, should be greater than 1:1. Crude fiber content should be above 7%, preferably above 10%, especially if the feed was designed to be fed without hay. Digestibility of the concentrates should be maximized by processing (extrusion, pelleting or “predigestion”). A typical ration for a 1000 lb horse might consist of free access to top quality hay, preferably a straight grass or grass/alfalfa mix or pasture, plus 2 to 8 lbs of a feed designed for old horses, plus free choice water and salt. Avoid straight alfalfa. Its calcium content is high and may exacerbate failing kidney function. Yeast culture products have been reported to improve digestion of feed in horses and also may be of benefit in the failing, aged horse’s rations. Two to 4 ounces of brewers yeast and/or up to 1 cup of vegetable oil per day also may help the old horse to maintain weight and condition. Make all dietary changes slowly, gradually introducing the new feeds or supplements over the course of 4 to 5 days.",
"Older horses are more sensitive to severe weather, be it heat or cold, and often suffer weight loss when temperature fluctuations are extreme. It is essential that adequate shade is available in summer, and that shelter from wind and precipitation is provided in winter. Three-sided “run-in” sheds are adequate in most cases. Higher energy needs in winter can be met by providing increased feed in a more highly digestible form such as high-fat pelleted or extruded feeds. Insuring free access to clean, fresh, unfrozen water can reduce constipation or impaction problems, which are most common in winter. If the horse does not drink well, feeding water-soaked feeds (1 to 2 gallons of water per feeding) will help increase fluid intake. Addition of 1 to 2 ounces of salt to the feed may also encourage increased water intake but should be done only if the horse has unlimited access to water.",
"All horses should have regular tooth care. Horses’ teeth frequently form sharp points on the outside of the upper molars and inside of the lower molars, especially if fed only dry hay and grains. These points make it painful to chew and cause the horse to dribble feed or partially chewed boluses of hay from its mouth (“quidding”). Tooth loss, especially molars or premolars, also reduces the ability to adequately chew feed. If a molar or premolar tooth is missing, the opposing tooth will grow down into the space (wave mouth), making it difficult to chew. Abnormal dentition predisposes the horse to weight loss and/or “choke” (impaction of inadequately chewed/dry feed in the esophagus).",
"Older horses, especially those known to have missing molars, should have their teeth checked at least twice a year. If chewing is difficult, “soups” of soaked hay cubes or beet pulp plus pelleted or extruded feeds designed for old horses should be offered. Sufficient water should be added to make a soupy consistency (at least 1 quart of water per pound of feed) to prevent choke. The soaked feeds can easily ferment (summer) or freeze (winter), so should only be offered in amounts that the horse will consume easily in a single meal. This may require that the horse be fed three or more times a day to meet its nutritional needs. Hay can still be fed if choking is not a problem, even if most of it is wasted. Access to good pasture is desirable.",
"If front teeth (incisors) are missing or badly aligned, do not rely on pasture for nutrition. These horses must be fed complete feeds or loose hay and/or hay cubes since they can not graze effectively. Soaking the feeds is necessary only if they have a tendency to “choke” on their feeds.",
"In a study of geriatric horses (Ralston et al., 1989), over 70% of the horses over the age of 20 had at least subclinical signs (altered glucose and cortisol metabolism) of pituitary/ thyroid dysfunction. See Table 1 for the classic clinical signs. Old mares with pituitary dysfunction, even in the early pre-clinical stages, had lower blood Vitamin C than did unaffected or younger mares. This may explain in part the increased susceptibility to viral infections observed in older horses. Both types of dysfunction cause relative glucose intolerance, in which the horse becomes less sensitive to the action of insulin. After a high sugar or starch meal, blood levels of both glucose and insulin become abnormally high, which contributes to the clinical signs of dysfunction. High fat (>5%) and fiber (>7%) feeds that are pelleted or extruded with limited molasses contents result in more moderate glucose and insulin responses after feeding, and may help control this problem. “Sweet feeds” with high (>3%) molasses should be avoided.",
"Management of the clinical problems associated with pituitary or thyroid dyfunction is fairly easy. It is essential that all older horses be maintained on regular vaccination and deworming schedules. If chronic infections are present (skin infections, thrush, hoof abcesses), 0.01 gm ascorbic acid (Vitamin C) per pound of body weight added to the feed twice a day may be beneficial, but should only be continued until the infections heal. If water intake and urine output are increased, fresh, clean water should be available free choice. If obesity or chronic founder is a problem, the horse’s access to grain should be restricted, if not eliminated, and sudden dietary changes avoided at all costs. Thick hair coats should be clipped in the summer in addition to providing shelter from the sun.",
"Drug treatments for pituitary and thyroid dysfunction are available. Many are expensive and some are very controversial at this time. Consult your veterinarian or equine medicine specialists at schools of veterinary medicine for the latest information.",
"Chronic kidney or liver failure is not as common in aged horses as it is in cats and dogs, but still can occur. The degeneration of kidney and/or liver function is usually progressive and irreversible but can be slowed and the clinical signs managed to some degree with diet.",
"Reduced kidney function results in renal stones (calculi), bladder stones, weight loss, loss of appetite and, potentially, death. Horses are unique in that they primarily excrete excess dietary calcium through their urine instead of their feces as do other animals. As a result, if kidney function is reduced, renal and bladder “stones” of calcium oxalate are more likely to occur as well as an increase (potentially lethal) in blood calcium. Horses with kidney failure should be put on low-calcium diets (<.65% calcium on a dry matter basis). Based on data from other species, protein and phosphorus also should be restricted to 8 to 10% and 0.25%, respectively. Good quality grass hay and corn or a complete pelleted ration for mature (not aged) horses are the feeds of choice. Avoid legumes (alfalfa and clover), wheat bran and beet pulp due to high calcium (legumes, beet pulp) or phosphorus (wheat bran) content.",
"Liver failure can cause weight loss, lethargy, jaundice (yellow mucous membranes), loss of appetite and intolerance of excess fat and protein in the diet. If severe and acute, the horse may show behavioral changes such as irritability, aimless wandering or circling, or pressing its head against objects. Affected horses require increased sugar sources to maintain their blood glucose levels and are intolerant of high protein or fat in the diet. The diet should emphasize starch intake (grains or concentrates), though fiber sources (hay, beet pulp) are still necessary to avoid gastrointestinal dysfunction. Grass hay, low-protein sweet feeds, and corn are recommended components of the ration. Wheat bran and beet pulp are acceptable supplements in these cases. Since the liver is the site of B-vitamins (especially niacin) and ascorbic acid synthesis in the horse, daily oral supplementation with B-complex vitamins (brewers yeast is a good source) and ascorbic acid (0.01gm/lb body weight) may be beneficial.",
"A horse should not be treated differently just because it has reached a certain chronological age. However, if problems related to aging are present, changes in management and medications may be needed to keep the older horse comfortable. Adequate shelter is a must for older horses, especially in the winter. However, confinement of an arthritic old horse to a stall is not doing the animal any favors.",
"Condition| Clinical Signs| Causes/Management Considerations ---|---|--- Arthritis| Chronic lameness Bone deformity around joints Inflexible joints| Shoeing/trimming Bedding Avoid obesity Anti-inflammatory therapy Weight Loss| Inability to maintain good body condition despite good teeth, and a ration that is adequate for mature horses.| Teeth Diet* Shelter Deworming Liver or kidney failure TumorsMalabsorption Chronic infections Inadequatedentition| Sharp points on molarsLoss of teeth",
"Inability to chew feed Quidding“of hayRegular dental care DietPituitary/ thyroid dysfunction:Failure to shed winter coat in the summer Recurrent viral infections Chronic founder (laminitis) Increased water intake and urination Excessive weight loss (pituitary) or gain (thyroid)Grooming/clipping Diet",
"Condition| Characteristics| Feeds/Supplements ---|---|--- Weight loss not due to liver or kidney failure| 12 to 14% protein 7 to 10% fat High digestibility Easily chewed| Grass or grass mix hay Complete pelleted or extruded feeds Good quality pasture 1⁄4 to 1 cup vegetable oil/day Yeast culture products Brewers yeast Beet pulp (soaked) Soybean meal (1/4 to 1/2 lb per day) Avoid poor quality or high fiber hay Inadequatedentition| Easily chewed| “Soups” of complete pelleted orextruded feeds.Soaked hay cubes or beet pulpAvoid coarse hay and dry pelleted feeds Pituitary/ thyroid tumors “Cushing’s disease”| Reduced starch Highly digestible fiber sources Increased Vitamin C if chronic infections| Low molasses,high fat/fiber feeds Good quality hay or pasture (if notfoundered)0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight twice a day until healed Kidney failure| Restricted calciumprotein phosphorus| Grass hay Corn miloComplete feeds designed for adult, not aged, horses. Avoid legumes, wheat bran, beet pulp Liver failure| Restricted protein Increased starch Increased B-vitamins Increased Vitamin C| Grass hay, corn, 10% protein sweet feeds Sweet feeds designed for maintenance B-complex supplement 0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight Avoid legumes, high fat rations",
"Ralston, S.L. et al., 1988. Differences in diagnostic test results and hematologic data between aged and young horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49:1387-1392.",
"© 2001 by Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment Station, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. This material may be copied for educational purposes only by not-for-profit accredited educational institutions.",
"Copyright © 2020. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, an equal opportunity, affirmative action institution. All rights reserved. | design by Nickelfish, IDM."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health | Equine Science Center\n\n * Library\n * Kid’s Corner\n\nDONATE\n\n# Care for the Older Horse: Diet and Health\n\n# Sarah L. Ralston, VMD, Ph.D., dACVN, Department of Animal Science, Cook\nCollege, Rutgers University Fact Sheet #759 – Reviewed 2004\n\n## When Does an Old Horse Require Special Care?\n\nAs with humans, chronological age does not always match the aging process. In\nstudies by the author many horses over age 20 had conditions that required\nspecial care; however, many did not. Indeed, these horses often were still\nvalued as riding or performance horses or, in the case of stallions and mares,\nused for breeding even past the age of thirty. Age alone should not be a\ncriterion for retirement or special management. If the horse is in good body\ncondition, healthy and active even at 20+ years, don’t change your routine.\nHowever, if an aged horse has some of the problems in Table 1, it may be a\ncandidate for special care. Nutritional recommendations are given in Table 2.\n\n## Management of Changes and Problems Associated With Aging in Horses\n\n### Arthritis\n\nAs with human athletes, years of stress, injuries and general wear and tear\ncan result in painful and crippling arthritic changes in older horses.\nArthritis is a combination of inflammation and degeneration of the tissues\nassociated with a joint which make flexion and/or weight bearing painful.\nRingbone and spavin are examples of arthritic problems commonly seen in older\nhorses. However, a little stiffness that the aged horse will warm out of\nfairly quickly when exercised should not be a cause for alarm or retirement.\n\nIn advanced age, it is not uncommon for horses to become reluctant to lie\ndown, due to difficulty in getting back up. This is especially true if they\nare confined to a stall where exercise and space are limited. You can tell if\na horse is not lying down by the lack of bedding or stains on its belly, outer\nthighs, or tail. While no studies have been done to determine how much “down\ntime” a horse needs, most horses will lie down at least once every 2 or 3\ndays. Horses that do not lie down for prolonged periods of time due to pain or\nfear will often have stains or abrasions only on the front of their front\nlegs. These are caused when the standing horse starts to fall into deep sleep\nand collapse, only to wake up and catch itself before going completely down.\nThese horses are at greater risk of being unable to rise if they do go down\nand should be watched carefully.\n\nIf an older horse is down and unable to rise on its own, you may need help in\nassisting it up. Be very careful to not put yourself or others at risk when\nassisting a horse that has been down for a long time. If possible roll the\nhorse onto its chest with plenty of room in front of it. When the horse starts\nto rise, it will extend its front legs and lurch forward as it tries to push\nup with its hind legs. Provide good traction for the hind feet. Never stand on\nthe side where the feet are visible—the horse often moves its legs forcefully\nand quickly when attempting to rise and may kick or step on you. For example,\nif the horse is lying on its left side with its feet extended to the right,\nyou should approach and do all manipulations on the horse’s left side.\nPosition someone at the head or shoulder to help steady the horse as it starts\nto rise, and another person at the back of the rump to help push it forward\nand up. If the horse has been down for a long time it may be weak and struggle\nand/or collapse suddenly. Be extremely careful not to be in a position where\nif the horse starts to go down again, you could be hit by flailing legs or\ntrapped underneath its body. Once up, the horse may stagger. Try to support it\nwithout putting yourself at risk if it collapses. Massaging the limbs and\nmuscles to get the circulation going again may help.\n\nTo make the arthritic horse more comfortable, consult your farrier and\nveterinarian regarding the optimal way to trim or shoe the horse. Use anti-\ninflammatory drugs or other remedies recommended by your veterinarian if the\nhorse is in chronic pain. Don’t let the horse become obese, since extra weight\nwill increase the stress on its legs and contribute to other metabolic\nproblems, such as laminitis.\n\nDo not confine the horse to a stall unless absolutely necessary for medical\nreasons. The more the older horse can move about freely, the less stiff it\nwill be. Ideally, there should be free access to turnout, preferably with\nanother compatible horse or pony for company.\n\n## Weight Loss/Poor Condition\n\nThe most common causes of weight loss in aged horses are failure to keep up\nwith deworming schedules, debilitating diseases and/or poor dentition. If an\nolder horse is failing to maintain adequate body weight, despite good\ndeworming schedules, normal appetite and adequate rations, its teeth should be\nchecked carefully, using a full mouth speculum. Merely pulling the tongue to\none side to look at the back teeth is not a reliable method of detecting\ndental abnormalities. If the teeth are normal, the horse should be carefully\nchecked for disease by having a veterinarian perform a thorough physical exam,\nincluding a blood sample to check for chronic infections and liver or kidney\ndysfunction.\n\nIf no other abnormalities are found, the horse may be suffering malabsorption\nof its nutrients and/or other alterations in digestion. In such horses, a\n“senior” type ration may help. Such rations should provide at least 12%\nprotein, with restricted calcium (<1.0%) and slightly increased phosphorus\n(0.3-0.5%) in the total ration. The calcium/phosphorus ratio, however, should\nbe greater than 1:1. Crude fiber content should be above 7%, preferably above\n10%, especially if the feed was designed to be fed without hay. Digestibility\nof the concentrates should be maximized by processing (extrusion, pelleting or\n“predigestion”). A typical ration for a 1000 lb horse might consist of free\naccess to top quality hay, preferably a straight grass or grass/alfalfa mix or\npasture, plus 2 to 8 lbs of a feed designed for old horses, plus free choice\nwater and salt. Avoid straight alfalfa. Its calcium content is high and may\nexacerbate failing kidney function. Yeast culture products have been reported\nto improve digestion of feed in horses and also may be of benefit in the\nfailing, aged horse’s rations. Two to 4 ounces of brewers yeast and/or up to 1\ncup of vegetable oil per day also may help the old horse to maintain weight\nand condition. Make all dietary changes slowly, gradually introducing the new\nfeeds or supplements over the course of 4 to 5 days.\n\nOlder horses are more sensitive to severe weather, be it heat or cold, and\noften suffer weight loss when temperature fluctuations are extreme. It is\nessential that adequate shade is available in summer, and that shelter from\nwind and precipitation is provided in winter. Three-sided “run-in” sheds are\nadequate in most cases. Higher energy needs in winter can be met by providing\nincreased feed in a more highly digestible form such as high-fat pelleted or\nextruded feeds. Insuring free access to clean, fresh, unfrozen water can\nreduce constipation or impaction problems, which are most common in winter. If\nthe horse does not drink well, feeding water-soaked feeds (1 to 2 gallons of\nwater per feeding) will help increase fluid intake. Addition of 1 to 2 ounces\nof salt to the feed may also encourage increased water intake but should be\ndone only if the horse has unlimited access to water.\n\nInadequate Dentition/Tooth Loss\n\nAll horses should have regular tooth care. Horses’ teeth frequently form sharp\npoints on the outside of the upper molars and inside of the lower molars,\nespecially if fed only dry hay and grains. These points make it painful to\nchew and cause the horse to dribble feed or partially chewed boluses of hay\nfrom its mouth (“quidding”). Tooth loss, especially molars or premolars, also\nreduces the ability to adequately chew feed. If a molar or premolar tooth is\nmissing, the opposing tooth will grow down into the space (wave mouth), making\nit difficult to chew. Abnormal dentition predisposes the horse to weight loss\nand/or “choke” (impaction of inadequately chewed/dry feed in the esophagus).\n\nOlder horses, especially those known to have missing molars, should have their\nteeth checked at least twice a year. If chewing is difficult, “soups” of\nsoaked hay cubes or beet pulp plus pelleted or extruded feeds designed for old\nhorses should be offered. Sufficient water should be added to make a soupy\nconsistency (at least 1 quart of water per pound of feed) to prevent choke.\nThe soaked feeds can easily ferment (summer) or freeze (winter), so should\nonly be offered in amounts that the horse will consume easily in a single\nmeal. This may require that the horse be fed three or more times a day to meet\nits nutritional needs. Hay can still be fed if choking is not a problem, even\nif most of it is wasted. Access to good pasture is desirable.\n\nIf front teeth (incisors) are missing or badly aligned, do not rely on pasture\nfor nutrition. These horses must be fed complete feeds or loose hay and/or hay\ncubes since they can not graze effectively. Soaking the feeds is necessary\nonly if they have a tendency to “choke” on their feeds.\n\n## Pituitary/Thyroid Dysfunction\n\nIn a study of geriatric horses (Ralston et al., 1989), over 70% of the horses\nover the age of 20 had at least subclinical signs (altered glucose and\ncortisol metabolism) of pituitary/ thyroid dysfunction. See Table 1 for the\nclassic clinical signs. Old mares with pituitary dysfunction, even in the\nearly pre-clinical stages, had lower blood Vitamin C than did unaffected or\nyounger mares. This may explain in part the increased susceptibility to viral\ninfections observed in older horses. Both types of dysfunction cause relative\nglucose intolerance, in which the horse becomes less sensitive to the action\nof insulin. After a high sugar or starch meal, blood levels of both glucose\nand insulin become abnormally high, which contributes to the clinical signs of\ndysfunction. High fat (>5%) and fiber (>7%) feeds that are pelleted or\nextruded with limited molasses contents result in more moderate glucose and\ninsulin responses after feeding, and may help control this problem. “Sweet\nfeeds” with high (>3%) molasses should be avoided.\n\nManagement of the clinical problems associated with pituitary or thyroid\ndyfunction is fairly easy. It is essential that all older horses be maintained\non regular vaccination and deworming schedules. If chronic infections are\npresent (skin infections, thrush, hoof abcesses), 0.01 gm ascorbic acid\n(Vitamin C) per pound of body weight added to the feed twice a day may be\nbeneficial, but should only be continued until the infections heal. If water\nintake and urine output are increased, fresh, clean water should be available\nfree choice. If obesity or chronic founder is a problem, the horse’s access to\ngrain should be restricted, if not eliminated, and sudden dietary changes\navoided at all costs. Thick hair coats should be clipped in the summer in\naddition to providing shelter from the sun.\n\nDrug treatments for pituitary and thyroid dysfunction are available. Many are\nexpensive and some are very controversial at this time. Consult your\nveterinarian or equine medicine specialists at schools of veterinary medicine\nfor the latest information.\n\n## Reduced kidney/liver function\n\nChronic kidney or liver failure is not as common in aged horses as it is in\ncats and dogs, but still can occur. The degeneration of kidney and/or liver\nfunction is usually progressive and irreversible but can be slowed and the\nclinical signs managed to some degree with diet.\n\nReduced kidney function results in renal stones (calculi), bladder stones,\nweight loss, loss of appetite and, potentially, death. Horses are unique in\nthat they primarily excrete excess dietary calcium through their urine instead\nof their feces as do other animals. As a result, if kidney function is\nreduced, renal and bladder “stones” of calcium oxalate are more likely to\noccur as well as an increase (potentially lethal) in blood calcium. Horses\nwith kidney failure should be put on low-calcium diets (<.65% calcium on a dry\nmatter basis). Based on data from other species, protein and phosphorus also\nshould be restricted to 8 to 10% and 0.25%, respectively. Good quality grass\nhay and corn or a complete pelleted ration for mature (not aged) horses are\nthe feeds of choice. Avoid legumes (alfalfa and clover), wheat bran and beet\npulp due to high calcium (legumes, beet pulp) or phosphorus (wheat bran)\ncontent.\n\nLiver failure can cause weight loss, lethargy, jaundice (yellow mucous\nmembranes), loss of appetite and intolerance of excess fat and protein in the\ndiet. If severe and acute, the horse may show behavioral changes such as\nirritability, aimless wandering or circling, or pressing its head against\nobjects. Affected horses require increased sugar sources to maintain their\nblood glucose levels and are intolerant of high protein or fat in the diet.\nThe diet should emphasize starch intake (grains or concentrates), though fiber\nsources (hay, beet pulp) are still necessary to avoid gastrointestinal\ndysfunction. Grass hay, low-protein sweet feeds, and corn are recommended\ncomponents of the ration. Wheat bran and beet pulp are acceptable supplements\nin these cases. Since the liver is the site of B-vitamins (especially niacin)\nand ascorbic acid synthesis in the horse, daily oral supplementation with\nB-complex vitamins (brewers yeast is a good source) and ascorbic acid\n(0.01gm/lb body weight) may be beneficial.\n\n## Summary\n\nA horse should not be treated differently just because it has reached a\ncertain chronological age. However, if problems related to aging are present,\nchanges in management and medications may be needed to keep the older horse\ncomfortable. Adequate shelter is a must for older horses, especially in the\nwinter. However, confinement of an arthritic old horse to a stall is not doing\nthe animal any favors.\n\nTable 1. Conditions requiring special attention in aged horses. See text for\nmore details.\n\nCondition| Clinical Signs| Causes/Management Considerations \n---|---|--- \nArthritis| Chronic lameness Bone deformity around joints Inflexible joints|\nShoeing/trimming Bedding Avoid obesity Anti-inflammatory therapy \nWeight Loss| Inability to maintain good body condition despite good teeth, and\na ration that is adequate for mature horses.| Teeth Diet* Shelter Deworming\nLiver or kidney failure TumorsMalabsorption Chronic infections \nInadequatedentition| Sharp points on molarsLoss of teeth \n \nInability to chew feed Quidding“of hayRegular dental care Diet*Pituitary/\nthyroid dysfunction:Failure to shed winter coat in the summer Recurrent viral\ninfections Chronic founder (laminitis) Increased water intake and urination\nExcessive weight loss (pituitary) or gain (thyroid)Grooming/clipping Diet*\nVaccination Water access Drug therapy(?)Kidney/ liver failureWeight loss\nLethargy Poor appetite Difficult or frequent urination (kidney) Jaundice\n(liver)Diet* Supplements*Grey hair appearing around ears, eyes and\nforeheadThis is not a problem,merely a sign of aging\n\n^ *See Diet Recommendations in Table 2.\n\nTable 2. Dietary management of conditions associated with aging in horses\n\n## Recommended Diet\n\nCondition| Characteristics| Feeds/Supplements \n---|---|--- \nWeight loss not due to liver or kidney failure| 12 to 14% protein 7 to 10% fat\nHigh digestibility Easily chewed| Grass or grass mix hay Complete pelleted or\nextruded feeds Good quality pasture 1⁄4 to 1 cup vegetable oil/day Yeast\nculture products Brewers yeast Beet pulp (soaked) Soybean meal (1/4 to 1/2 lb\nper day) Avoid poor quality or high fiber hay \nInadequatedentition| Easily chewed| “Soups” of complete pelleted orextruded\nfeeds.Soaked hay cubes or beet pulpAvoid coarse hay and dry pelleted feeds \nPituitary/ thyroid tumors “Cushing’s disease”| Reduced starch Highly\ndigestible fiber sources Increased Vitamin C if chronic infections| Low\nmolasses,high fat/fiber feeds Good quality hay or pasture (if\nnotfoundered)0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body weight twice a day until healed \nKidney failure| Restricted calciumprotein phosphorus| Grass hay Corn\nmiloComplete feeds designed for adult, not aged, horses. Avoid legumes, wheat\nbran, beet pulp \nLiver failure| Restricted protein Increased starch Increased B-vitamins\nIncreased Vitamin C| Grass hay, corn, 10% protein sweet feeds Sweet feeds\ndesigned for maintenance B-complex supplement 0.01gm ascorbic acid/lb body\nweight Avoid legumes, high fat rations \n \n## References\n\nRalston, S.L. 1989. Digestive alterations in aged horses. J. Eq. Vet. Sci.\n9:203-205, 1989.\n\nRalston, S.L. et al., 1988. Differences in diagnostic test results and\nhematologic data between aged and young horses. Am. J. Vet. Res. 49:1387-1392.\n\nRalston, S.L. 2000. Unpublished data.\n\n© 2001 by Rutgers Cooperative Extension, New Jersey Agricultural Experiment\nStation, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey. This material may be\ncopied for educational purposes only by not-for-profit accredited educational\ninstitutions.\n\n##### Posted By Equine Science Center at 1:17 am\n\n * About Us\n * Academics\n * Ask the Experts\n * Faculty & Staff\n\n * Giving / Donate\n * Kid’s Corner\n * Library\n * Outreach & Events\n\n * Research\n * Resources\n * What’s New\n * Contact Us\n\n### Find Us On Social Media!\n\n * ESC on Facebook\n\n * ESC on Twitter\n\n * ESC YouTube Channel\n\nCopyright © 2020. Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, an equal\nopportunity, affirmative action institution. All rights reserved. | design by\nNickelfish, IDM.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200923153203/https://extension.uga.edu/publications/detail.html?number=B1368",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions",
"passages": [
"Users agree that automated translations may not effectively convert the intended design, meaning, and/or context of the website, may not translate images or PDF content, and may not take into account regional language differences. Any person that uses the translated site does so at that person’s own risk. UGA Extension is not responsible for any damages, costs, liability, or risk associated with any use, functionality, and/or content of the website translations.",
"Horses have relatively long life spans compared to other livestock and companion animals, often living into their late 20s and early 30s. Many horses have productive careers into their 20s. In fact, in many disciplines, horses do not peak until their teenage years. Good nutrition, maintenance and veterinary care allow horses to lead longer and more productive lives. However, as horses age, their needs change and additional care may be required to keep them as healthy as possible. This publication addresses changes in the aging horse's body that impact its requirements, possible ways to meet these requirements, and solutions to problems that may occur.",
"Have a question? Contact your local UGA Extension office to find out how our team of county agents can assist you.",
"We have faculty and staff in every county across the state that are available to assist you. For information or the status on programs, contact your local Extension office by email or phone.",
"We translate science of everyday living for farmers, families and communities to foster a healthy and prosperous Georgia. For more than a century, we've provided research and education through a network of committed specialists, agents and volunteers to help Georgians learn, grow and do more."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions | UGA Cooperative\nExtension\n\nphoneContact Your County Office\n\nTranslation Disclaimer close\n\nUsers agree that automated translations may not effectively convert the\nintended design, meaning, and/or context of the website, may not translate\nimages or PDF content, and may not take into account regional language\ndifferences. Any person that uses the translated site does so at that person’s\nown risk. UGA Extension is not responsible for any damages, costs, liability,\nor risk associated with any use, functionality, and/or content of the website\ntranslations.\n\nFor more information, visit the Language Translation page.\n\nCoronavirus (COVID-19) information, resources, and updates for Georgia\ncommunities chevron_right\n\nBulletin 1368\n\n# Caring for the Older Horse: Common Problems and Solutions\n\nBulletin 1368\n\nView PDF picture_as_pdf\n\nHorses have relatively long life spans compared to other livestock and\ncompanion animals, often living into their late 20s and early 30s. Many horses\nhave productive careers into their 20s. In fact, in many disciplines, horses\ndo not peak until their teenage years. Good nutrition, maintenance and\nveterinary care allow horses to lead longer and more productive lives.\nHowever, as horses age, their needs change and additional care may be required\nto keep them as healthy as possible. This publication addresses changes in the\naging horse's body that impact its requirements, possible ways to meet these\nrequirements, and solutions to problems that may occur.\n\nStatus and Revision History Published on Jul 07, 2010 Published with Full\nReview on Jul 02, 2013\n\nFaculty\n\nKylee Jo Duberstein Associate Professor, Animal & Dairy Science\n\nHave a question? Contact your local UGA Extension office to find out how our\nteam of county agents can assist you.\n\nSet County Preference\n\nRelated Publications\n\n * Equine Parasite Control: Moving Beyond Rotational Deworming (C 1193)\n\n * Basic Nutritional Guidelines for Equine Management (B 1356)\n\n * Feeding Strategies for Peak Performance in Horses (B 1365)\n\n## Contact Your Local Office\n\nWe have faculty and staff in every county across the state that are available\nto assist you. For information or the status on programs, contact your local\nExtension office by email or phone.\n\nPreferences close\n\nkeyboard_arrow_left Back\n\nPreferences close\n\nYou have successfully removed your county preference.\n\nOkay\n\n## What is UGA Extension?\n\nWe translate science of everyday living for farmers, families and communities\nto foster a healthy and prosperous Georgia. For more than a century, we've\nprovided research and education through a network of committed specialists,\nagents and volunteers to help Georgians learn, grow and do more.\n\nAbout Us\n\n## Related Links:\n\n * Commodity Teams\n * Georgia 4-H\n * UGA College of Agricultural & Environmental Sciences\n * UGA College of Family & Consumer Sciences\n * University of Georgia\n\n### Staff\n\n * Extension Staff Intranet\n * Learning and Organizational Development\n\n * See All\n\nThe University of Georgia © 2020 | All rights reserved. | Accessibility Policy\n| Privacy Policy | Automatic Site Translation\n\nAn Equal Opportunity, Affirmative Action, Veteran, Disability Institution\n\n"
}
] |
4,989,821 | How To Prepare Lobster Tails | To prepare lobster tails, start by washing the tails thoroughly in hot water. Next, cut down the center of the shell from end to end and spread the shell apart. Then, rub the lobster meat with a mixture of salt, pepper, paprika, and lemon juice. Next, place the lobster tails on a baking sheet, cover it with foil, and place it the broiler. Finally, cook in a preheated broiler for 5 to 10 minutes until the meat becomes opaque and the outer tails turn a light shade of brown. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160719073109/http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200510191955/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20150830053331/http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416084704/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191003005642/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180911021027/http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200812035646/https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/"
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"original_url": "http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160719073109/http://www.lobsteranywhere.com:80/pairing-lobster-wine/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine -",
"passages": [
"Well to start off with most reds do not pair well with Maine lobster. The reason being that the iodine in lobster does not react well with the tannins found in red wine, also the saltiness of seafood tends to bring out the bitterness of reds. Lobster is delicate and we want to accentuate the flavors, so a white it is! We want a white that has more mineral and vegetable notes and less fruity ones. Also, the manner in which the lobster is prepared will influence the choice of wine. You basically want to match bigger wines with richer dishes.",
"Fresh Seafood, especially anything spicy, goes best with white wine. The exception being, light reds or blush wines like Pinot Noir, Gamay, Sangrio Vese, Grenache and Rose. These light red wines are fine with Spaghetti with clam sauce, octopus, swordfish and tuna steaks, and salmon. Spicy seafood compliments full white wines with sweetness like Marsanne, Rousanne or Riesling.",
"– A Chablis’ unoaked and flint notes pair extremely well with lobster in many preparations. Req: Chablis 2007, Première Cuvée Les Pargues, Domaine Servin",
"– A Chardonnay’s vanilla notes pair well with lobster, as vanilla is a natural compliment to lobster and a classic in french cooking. Req:Chardonnay 2004, Alamos Ridge Argentine",
"– An Albarino turns out to be an unconventional but amazing pairing for lobster and any seafood in general. This is not surprising considering the fishing culture in the region where this wine is produced. Req: Albarino 2004, Pazo de Senorans",
"Here are more wines that go great with a lobster dinner. Dry crisp white wines, as Vinho Verde from Portugal, or Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc or Pinot Grigio from France go well with lobster and all lean white fish, raw clams and oysters. Full white wines as Italian Vermentino, Greek Assyrtiko, Chardonnay, Fume Blanc, Viognier and Pinot Gris pair well with lobster, crabs and oysters. Lobster, scallops and all shellfish taste delicious with Albarino and Verdelho (not to be confused with the red wine verdelho tinto) wines grown both domestic in California and in Spain and Portugal.",
"In addition to the above wines that go well with delicious seafood dishes — especially when doing a lobster tail wine pairing — the following list also has excellent matches: Alsace’s Riesling, a light yellow green wine, best served young and has a fruity taste. Bordeaux Graves white, grown in France in soil rich with gravel, clay and sand, and is fruity and dry. Burgundy’s Chablis from the Chardonnay grape, grown in limestone rich soil with fossils and oysters; golden in color and has a nose smell of green apple and lemon and a mouth aroma of vanilla, lemon and linden.",
"Sparkling wines are best with all fried seafood. A bubbling Toso Brut from Argentina will cut through weighty foods like tempura and beer battered fish. Light and refreshing, it offers aromas of lemon and apple. Shrimp dishes, whether steamed, grilled, sautéed or in a cocktail go very nicely with a Spanish dry Fino Sherry.",
"Now don’t forget to pick up your seafood from LobsterAnywhere.com. For over ten years, this online lobster company has shipped premium live lobster, and sensationally fresh seafood to just about anywhere in the USA. Whether you are looking for a wine pairing with lobster tail, craving a lobster dinner for two, or looking for the perfect business or personal gift, you can trust LobsterAnywhere.com to delivery the best tasting seafood fresh to your door.",
"The lobsters were fabulous and all your arrangements were perfectly orchestrated. Thanks for your help and if I ever do this again, will call you or pass on your name to those looking for fresh Maine lobsters.",
"Lobster bisque is an elegant soup known for its rich flavor and crimson color. The main ingredient in this coastal favorite is the king of the sea, Homarus americanus. Due to the relative fame and ubiquity of lobster in the state of Maine, lobster bisque has become a delicious culinary staple. Generally, “bisque” refers to [...]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine -\n\n0 items - $0.00\n\n * Register\n * Sign In\n\n * Need Help?\n\n * Help Desk\n * Lobster Facts\n * Order Tracking\n * Blog\n\n * News\n * Holidays & Celebrations\n * New England Style\n * Seafood Savvy\n * Lobster University\n\n * Lobster 101\n * How to Buy Live Lobster\n * Ways to Cook Lobster\n * Handling and Care\n * Recipes\n * Contact\n\n * Chat Live\n\n### Navigation\n\nLobsterAnywhere.com Live Maine Lobster Delivery and Fresh Seafood Gifts\n\nHome Lobster Tails Blog Seafood Savvy Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine\n\n# Pairing Good Lobster and Good Wine\n\nPosted on August 8, 2012 in Seafood Savvy 0\n\nWell to start off with most reds do not pair well with Maine lobster. The\nreason being that the iodine in lobster does not react well with the tannins\nfound in red wine, also the saltiness of seafood tends to bring out the\nbitterness of reds. Lobster is delicate and we want to accentuate the flavors,\nso a white it is! We want a white that has more mineral and vegetable notes\nand less fruity ones. Also, the manner in which the lobster is prepared will\ninfluence the choice of wine. You basically want to match bigger wines with\nricher dishes.\n\nFresh Seafood, especially anything spicy, goes best with white wine. The\nexception being, light reds or blush wines like Pinot Noir, Gamay, Sangrio\nVese, Grenache and Rose. These light red wines are fine with Spaghetti with\nclam sauce, octopus, swordfish and tuna steaks, and salmon. Spicy seafood\ncompliments full white wines with sweetness like Marsanne, Rousanne or\nRiesling.\n\nPair these wines with your lobster to start:\n\n– A Chablis’ unoaked and flint notes pair extremely well with lobster in many\npreparations. Req: Chablis 2007, Première Cuvée Les Pargues, Domaine Servin\n\n– A Chardonnay’s vanilla notes pair well with lobster, as vanilla is a natural\ncompliment to lobster and a classic in french cooking. Req:Chardonnay 2004,\nAlamos Ridge Argentine\n\n– An Albarino turns out to be an unconventional but amazing pairing for\nlobster and any seafood in general. This is not surprising considering the\nfishing culture in the region where this wine is produced. Req: Albarino 2004,\nPazo de Senorans\n\nHere are more wines that go great with a lobster dinner. Dry crisp white\nwines, as Vinho Verde from Portugal, or Chenin Blanc, Sauvignon Blanc or Pinot\nGrigio from France go well with lobster and all lean white fish, raw clams and\noysters. Full white wines as Italian Vermentino, Greek Assyrtiko, Chardonnay,\nFume Blanc, Viognier and Pinot Gris pair well with lobster, crabs and oysters.\nLobster, scallops and all shellfish taste delicious with Albarino and Verdelho\n(not to be confused with the red wine verdelho tinto) wines grown both\ndomestic in California and in Spain and Portugal.\n\nIn addition to the above wines that go well with delicious seafood dishes —\nespecially when doing a lobster tail wine pairing — the following list also\nhas excellent matches: Alsace’s Riesling, a light yellow green wine, best\nserved young and has a fruity taste. Bordeaux Graves white, grown in France in\nsoil rich with gravel, clay and sand, and is fruity and dry. Burgundy’s\nChablis from the Chardonnay grape, grown in limestone rich soil with fossils\nand oysters; golden in color and has a nose smell of green apple and lemon and\na mouth aroma of vanilla, lemon and linden.\n\nSparkling wines are best with all fried seafood. A bubbling Toso Brut from\nArgentina will cut through weighty foods like tempura and beer battered fish.\nLight and refreshing, it offers aromas of lemon and apple. Shrimp dishes,\nwhether steamed, grilled, sautéed or in a cocktail go very nicely with a\nSpanish dry Fino Sherry.\n\nNow don’t forget to pick up your seafood from LobsterAnywhere.com. For over\nten years, this online lobster company has shipped premium live lobster, and\nsensationally fresh seafood to just about anywhere in the USA. Whether you are\nlooking for a wine pairing with lobster tail, craving a lobster dinner for\ntwo, or looking for the perfect business or personal gift, you can trust\nLobsterAnywhere.com to delivery the best tasting seafood fresh to your door.\n\nCalifornia Lobster Rush: The Best Spots for Maine Lobster\n\nMaine Lobster for Mother’s Day Dinner\n\n##### No comments yet.\n\n### Leave a Reply Click here to cancel reply.\n\n### Shop Seafood\n\n * Lobster Specials\n * Live Lobster\n * Lobster Tails\n * Chowder, Bisque, Soups\n * Lobster Dinners\n * Lobster Meat\n * Maine Favorites\n * Lobster Rolls\n * Fresh Seafood\n * Fresh Shrimp\n * Seafood Appetizers\n * Surf and Turf\n * Desserts & Sweets\n * Gift Certificates\n * Seafood Tools\n\nSubscribe to our Specials\n\nShipping Info\n\nGive a Gift Certificate\n\n * ## Testimonials\n\n### Fresh Lobsters\n\n> The lobsters were fabulous and all your arrangements were perfectly\n> orchestrated. Thanks for your help and if I ever do this again, will call\n> you or pass on your name to those looking for fresh Maine lobsters.\n\nFresh Lobsters for Company Party, Take best of care, Kim DiPasquantonio, BASF\n\nMore Reviews\n\n * ## Lobster Tales\n\n * ## Making Lobster Bisque: A Rich History\n\n### July 7, 2016\n\n> Lobster bisque is an elegant soup known for its rich flavor and crimson\n> color. The main ingredient in this coastal favorite is the king of the sea,\n> Homarus americanus. Due to the relative fame and ubiquity of lobster in the\n> state of Maine, lobster bisque has become a delicious culinary staple.\n> Generally, “bisque” refers to [...]\n>\n> more...\n\n### Lobster 101\n\nFind everything you need to know about the king of the sea-- Maine lobster.\n\n### Maine lobster Cooking Guide\n\nAre you intimidated about cooking lobster and fresh seafood. No worries.\nLobsters are a snap to cook.\n\n### Lobster & Seafood Glossary\n\nNew England Seafood Glossary A to Z guide.\n\n### How to Buy Maine lobster\n\nGet the the facts on how to buy the very best Maine lobster\n\nGot a Seafood Question?\n\nAsk Lobster Louie\n\nLearn More\n\nEstablished in 1999, we are New England's mail order seafood company. Learn\nMore\n\n### Sign Up for our Newsletter\n\nSSL Certificate\n\n### More Information\n\n * Cooking Lobster\n * Sand Dollar Rewards\n * From Trap to Table\n * New England Seafood Glossary\n * Clam Bakes\n * Wholesale\n * Blog\n * Affiliate Program\n * Sitemap\n\n### Connect with us\n\n * Google+\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Youtube\n\n© Copyright 2016 LobsterAnywhere.com. All Rights Reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200510191955/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/butterflying-lobster-tails.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Learn How to Butterfly a Lobster Tails",
"passages": [
"Butterflying lobster tails is the method of preparation most common in restaurants. This method results in a lobster tail that puffs out of the shell and makes for a spectecular presentation. This is one of the more complex methods of cooking a lobster tail but this step-by-step guide will show you how to cook lobster tails like a pro.",
"Continue to pry the shell away from the meat but keep the back of the meat connected to the shell",
"Once the meat is freed, grab the meat, squeeze the shell together to close the gap and lay the meat on top of the shell",
"Prepare lobster marinade of melted butter, a dash of peprika, a dash of garlic powder, a squirt of lemon juice and a dash of white pepper.",
"Move the lobster tails to a pan and broil according the chart below. Baste tail with marinade half way through cooking."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Butterflying Lobster Tails - Learn How to Butterfly a Lobster Tails\n\nYou are here: Cooking Lobster - Butterflying Lobster Tails\n\n## Menu:\n\n * Home\n * Cooking Lobster\n * Lobster Recipes\n * Lobster FAQ's\n * Types of Lobster\n * Lobster History\n * Buy Lobster Online\n * The Seafood Store\n\nBuy Lobster\n\nFresh Live Maine Lobster shipped directly to your door. Order here »\n\n### Maine Lobster Tails\n\nSucculent Jumbo Maine Lobster Tails from the icy waters of the Atlantic Ocean.\nOrder here »\n\n## Butterflying Lobster Tails\n\nLearn how to butterfly a lobster tail\n\nButterflying lobster tails is the method of preparation most common in\nrestaurants. This method results in a lobster tail that puffs out of the shell\nand makes for a spectecular presentation. This is one of the more complex\nmethods of cooking a lobster tail but this step-by-step guide will show you\nhow to cook lobster tails like a pro.\n\nBelow are directions for butterflying 6oz lobster tails\n\nDefrost the lobster tails\n\nGrab your kitchen shears\n\nBegin the cut with the bottom blade right under the shell. Only cut the shell\nand not the meat.\n\nProceed the cut down the center all the way to the base of the tale\n\nCut to base of tail\n\nGrab each side of the shell and gently pry away the shell away from the meat\n\nContinue to pry the shell away from the meat but keep the back of the meat\nconnected to the shell\n\nOnce the meat is freed, grab the meat, squeeze the shell together to close the\ngap and lay the meat on top of the shell\n\nThe meat on top of the shell\n\nCut a small slit in the top of the meat\n\nGrab the loose part of the meat and fold over the shell\n\nHere's the meat folded over each side of the lobster shell\n\nCut additional slits on the top for presentation\n\nPrepare lobster marinade of melted butter, a dash of peprika, a dash of garlic\npowder, a squirt of lemon juice and a dash of white pepper.\n\nDrizzle lobster tail with marinade\n\nMove the lobster tails to a pan and broil according the chart below. Baste\ntail with marinade half way through cooking.\n\nRemove tails from pan, dunk in butter and enjoy!\n\n### Lobster Cooking Times\n\nbroil lobster tail according to the times below\n\nLobster Tail Weight\n\n| Cooking Time \n---|--- \n \n2 Oz.\n\n| 12 minutes \n \n4 Oz.\n\n| 18 minutes \n \n6 Oz.\n\n| 22 minutes \n \n8 Oz.\n\n| 26 minutes \n \n12 Oz.\n\n| 30 minutes \n \n14 Oz. +\n\n| 35 minutes \n \nCooking times vary, make sure you keep an eye on the lobster tail so it\ndoesn't burn!\n\nOnce the lobster is cooked, unwrap the tail, dunk in butter and enjoy!\n\nOther helpful resources:\n\nEasiest Way to Cook Lobster - Learn the easiest to cook lobster.\n\nEasiest Way to Eat Lobster - Learn the easiest way to eat lobster.\n\nLobster Tail Recipe - Recipes for lobster tails.\n\nLobster Butter - Learn how to make clarified butter for lobster.\n\nFrozen Lobster Tails - Learn what to buy and how to cook frozen lobster tails.\n\nBuy Lobster - Fresh Maine Lobster and lobster tails delivered to you!\n\nHome | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Contact us | Advertise| Site Map\n\n© 2008 LobsterHelp.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150830053331/http://allrecipes.com:80/recipe/broiled-lobster-tails/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Broiled Lobster Tails Recipe",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Broiled Lobster Tails Recipe - Allrecipes.com\n\nArgentina | Australia & New Zealand | Brazil | Canada | China | France |\nGermany | India | Italy | Japan | Korea | Mexico\n\nNetherlands | Poland | Quebec | Russia | SE Asia | United Kingdom & Ireland |\nUnited States\n\n© Copyright 2015 Allrecipes.com | All Rights Reserved | Privacy Policy—Your\nCalifornia Rights | Data Policy | Terms of Service | AdChoices\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200416084704/https://www.bhg.com/recipes/how-to/cooking-basics/clarified-butter/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make Clarified Butter",
"passages": [
"Clarified butter isn't limited to just your favorite seafood restaurants anymore. Learn how to clarify butter at home so you can use it for dipping lobster tails and sautéing at high temperatures. We'll also help clear up any confusion about the difference between clarified butter and ghee, and share some of our best butter recipes. Get ready for this lobster dinner essential to hit your table!",
"To clarify butter, melt the butter over low heat in a heavy saucepan without stirring. When the butter is completely melted, you will see a clear, oily layer on top of a milky layer with a foamy layer at the surface. Use a spoon to skim the foamy layer off the top, then slowly pour the clear liquid into a dish, leaving the milky layer at the bottom in the pan. The clear liquid is the clarified butter. Discard the milky liquid. (You also can strain the butter through cheesecloth to remove the foamy layer.)",
"The clarified butter will keep up to 1 month in the refrigerator. Although best known as a dipping sauce for lobster, clarified butter can be heated to high temperatures without burning. That makes it a good choice when you want to sauté foods at high temperatures.",
"What's the difference between clarified butter and ghee? Ghee is a type of clarified butter that has been cooked a bit longer, and its origins can be traced to the Indian subcontinent. It's commonly used in Asian and Middle Eastern cooking, but you can sometimes substitute clarified butter for recipes that call for ghee. The process for making ghee is very similar to making clarified butter, and sometimes spices are added to ghee for flavor.",
"You can't separate lobster tails and clarified butter, but there are a few other tricks you can do with butter. Try these recipes with clarified butter, or try one of our flavored or compound butter recipes for a new twist.",
"BH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Data Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Make Clarified Butter | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n## Explore Better Homes & Gardens\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens Better Homes & Gardens\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletter\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * BH&G Insider\n * BH&G Magazine Archive\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow us\n\n# How to Make Clarified Butter\n\nClarified butter isn't limited to just your favorite seafood restaurants\nanymore. Learn how to clarify butter at home so you can use it for dipping\nlobster tails and sautéing at high temperatures. We'll also help clear up any\nconfusion about the difference between clarified butter and ghee, and share\nsome of our best butter recipes. Get ready for this lobster dinner essential\nto hit your table!\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print Comment\n\n## How to Clarify Butter\n\nTo clarify butter, melt the butter over low heat in a heavy saucepan without\nstirring. When the butter is completely melted, you will see a clear, oily\nlayer on top of a milky layer with a foamy layer at the surface. Use a spoon\nto skim the foamy layer off the top, then slowly pour the clear liquid into a\ndish, leaving the milky layer at the bottom in the pan. The clear liquid is\nthe clarified butter. Discard the milky liquid. (You also can strain the\nbutter through cheesecloth to remove the foamy layer.)\n\nThe clarified butter will keep up to 1 month in the refrigerator. Although\nbest known as a dipping sauce for lobster, clarified butter can be heated to\nhigh temperatures without burning. That makes it a good choice when you want\nto sauté foods at high temperatures.\n\nLearn how to cook lobster for dipping in your clarified butter.\n\n## Ghee vs. Clarified Butter\n\nWhat's the difference between clarified butter and ghee? Ghee is a type of\nclarified butter that has been cooked a bit longer, and its origins can be\ntraced to the Indian subcontinent. It's commonly used in Asian and Middle\nEastern cooking, but you can sometimes substitute clarified butter for recipes\nthat call for ghee. The process for making ghee is very similar to making\nclarified butter, and sometimes spices are added to ghee for flavor.\n\nTry ghee in our Naan Bread recipe!\n\n## It's All About Butter\n\nYou can't separate lobster tails and clarified butter, but there are a few\nother tricks you can do with butter. Try these recipes with clarified butter,\nor try one of our flavored or compound butter recipes for a new twist.\n\nBroiled Lobster Tails with Garlic-Chili Butter\n\nLobster Tails with Chive Butter\n\nSeasoned Roasted Garlic Butter\n\nCompound Butters\n\nLavender Butter\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## Comments\n\nBe the first to comment!\n\n## Share options\n\n## Comment on this project\n\nComment on this story\n\nThanks for adding your feedback.\n\n## Login\n\n## Shop | Better Homes & Gardens\n\n * Countertop Blenders\n * Food Processors\n * Crock Pots\n * Knife Sets\n * Cutting Boards\n * Spatulas\n * Colanders & Strainers\n * Can Openers\n * Skillets\n * Slow Cookers\n * Shop More\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens may receive compensation when you click through and\npurchase from links contained on this website.\n\n * Better Homes & Gardens Products at Walmart\n * Better Homes & Gardens Real Estate Services\n\nBetter Homes & Gardens\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Coastal Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Diabetic Living this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Extra Crispy this link opens in a new tab\n * Family Circle this link opens in a new tab\n * Fitness Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Fit Pregnancy this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart Weddings this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * Myrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * Mywedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * Traditional Home this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nBH&G; is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2019 Meredith\nCorporation. All Rights Reserved. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab\nData Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a\nnew tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab Cookie Preferencesthis link\nopens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.bhg.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow to Make Clarified Butter\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191003005642/http://www.lobsterhelp.com:80/buying-lobster-tails.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Buying Lobster Tails Guide",
"passages": [
"Are Thinking About Buying Lobster Tails? Whether you serve them alone or with a steak (Surf and Turf), you will want to read this article so you don't spend more than you have to when it comes to Delicious Lobster Tails.",
"When it comes to lobster tails, the first and most likely the most important decision you will make is whether to buy warm water or cold water tails.",
"According to an industry expert: 1 out of 5 warm water tails that he handled while in the restaurant business were bad. What does he mean by bad? The tail stays mushy after being cooked it doesn't firm up firms up but falls apart easily has an ammonia odor",
"Over his 25 year experience and having cooked more than 10,000 lobsters, he figures he only had 5 bad ones. That's some difference. It tells me if you want to avoid a disappointment when making a special diner, you want to buy cold water tails.",
"Yes, you will pay more for cold water tails. Atleast $5.00 difference per pound or more but I think of it as buying an insurance policy. It will end up costing a lot more if you end up throwing one of the tails away besides ruining a beautiful dinner.",
"Ask before you buy:. If you buy from the a seafood counter then ask. If you are buying the lobster tails in a package, Read the label carefully. Generally if the package stats only: Lobster Tails, assume they are warm water. You want to know specifically if they are from water water or cold water tails. If the seafood clerk doesn't know, it might be a wiser idea to find a more reputable source of lobster tails. If you can’t find lobster local, then for a premium you can order lobster online. Check out the Lobster Market.",
"Check their shells: Caribbean warm water tails have distinct yellow spots and a yellow band across the tail. Australian tails don't have these markings.",
"There is a definite difference in taste and quality between warm and cold water tails. The cold water tails have whiter meat and are considered more tender because they grow more slowly in colder water. Most people will tell you the more expensive cold water tails also have a cleaner more succulent taste.",
"Most of us think of live Maine lobsters with those two large, meaty claws when we think of lobsters. You buy them live in many supermarkets today or have them sent to you via the Internet. If a Maine lobster is missing a claw, it is called a \"cull\".",
"Spiny lobsters, also called Rock Lobster, have no claws but hard shells and very long antennae. They come from both warm and cold water climates and are the most the source for frozen lobster tails. There are more than 40 species of clawless lobsters found around the world. They can grow as large as 15 pounds but most range from 1 to 5 pounds.",
"Maine Lobster Tails are harder to find because they are more expensive. The Maine lobster outgrows their tail meat after they reach one pound so the bigger the lobster, the less tail meat. In a one pound lobster, there is about 6 ounces of meat in a Maine Lobster tail but 7 1/2 ounces in a New Zealand clawless tail. How to buy frozen lobster tails.",
"If you see lobster tails at some unbelievable price, they most likely are warm water tails or you will pay for what you get. If they are not marked warm water or cold water and no place of origin given, assume they are warm water tails.",
"If you see discoloration in the flesh, especially black spots, figure they were not handled properly. If the tail has a grayish color, it is a sign the lobster wasn't alive during processing.",
"Any signs of yellowing or dull meat should be avoided. Ask your fish purveyor if the tails have been soaked in sodium tripoyphosphate prior to freezing. If it has, don't buy them. Look out for \"glazing\". This is when water is injected between the meat and the shell before freezing. It adds up to 20% additional weight to the tail so you pay more for less. Typically only done to warm water tails to protect during storage. The best time of year to buy lobsters is during the winter when prices tend to be lower.",
"\"Ok here is the deal!!! We do not have a calling for lobster all the time but when we do we go : with the best!!! We ordered about 130 cold water tails... What makes the tail \"Mush\" after : being cooked????? This is upsetting. A majority of people didnt have a problem. We did : have five come back. I checked them and they have the consistency of a grainy paste. It : is like it decomposed!!! My father who has done this since forever says that that means they : are old... I had guests that think its from over cooking. Help me out here!!!\"",
"I read your problem regarding your mushy Cold Water Lobster Tails. My first question would be are you sure you received “Cold Water” Lobster Tails? Many tails are sold as “Cold Water” type or North Atlantic Cold Water Lobster and many other names which are created to sell Lobster Tails. True “Cold Water” Lobster Tails come from South Africa, New Zealand and South Australia.",
"Now as to why the tails turned mushy-Lets start with the tails which are marketed as North Atlantic or Maine Lobster Tails. This species “Homarus Americanus” will produce a mushy tail if the tail is taken from dead Lobsters- It is true that these crustaceans are caught in cold water but they are not included in the “Cold Water” class.",
"Now for the “Warm Water” spiny Lobster Tails. These type of tails are the type in which mushy tails are most often found. The Lobster in order to molt (to shed an outer covering) has to remove and store the calcium which is in its shell. The removal allows its present shell to soften. The Lobster pumps in water between the softened shell and its new shell, which is soft. The old shell will split and the new shell will start to harden. The calcium which the Lobster has stored in the meat of its tail is used to help harden the new shell. If a Lobster is harvested while the calcium is stored in the tail, this tail will be mushy. It is possible to look at a Lobster and tell if the Lobster is ready to molt-a look at the eyestalks will be a good indicator. The eyestalk will be cloudy if the Lobster is getting ready to molt.",
"The producers of “Cold Water” Lobster have very good Quality Control-they will not accept any molting Lobsters-warm water tails are most often produced in countries which are interested in money “if you catch it we sell it, & the guy on the end of the line takes the hit”.",
"As you well know, be sure your supplier is giving you what you are paying for- it is very uncommon to get a mushy true Cold Water Lobster Tail. To Conclude, an over cooked Lobster Tail will not be mushy but will get tough as the muscle shrinks as the cooking time goes along."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Buying Lobster Tails Guide - How to Find the Best Lobster Tails\n\nYou are here: Cooking Lobster Tails\n\n## Menu:\n\n * Home\n * Cooking Lobster\n * Lobster Recipes\n * Lobster FAQ's\n * Types of Lobster\n * Lobster History\n * Buy Lobster Online\n * The Seafood Store\n\n# Buying Lobster Tails Guide\n\n### Learn what to look for when buying lobster tails\n\nAre Thinking About Buying Lobster Tails? Whether you serve them alone or with\na steak (Surf and Turf), you will want to read this article so you don't spend\nmore than you have to when it comes to Delicious Lobster Tails.\n\n## Warm or Cold Water Tails ?\n\nWhen it comes to lobster tails, the first and most likely the most important\ndecision you will make is whether to buy warm water or cold water tails.\n\nWarm-water lobster tails are mainly from Florida, the Caribbean, Cuba,\nNicaragua and Latin America.\n\nCold-water lobster tails are commonly found from Maine, Australia, New Zealand\nand South Africa\n\nAccording to an industry expert: 1 out of 5 warm water tails that he handled\nwhile in the restaurant business were bad. What does he mean by bad? The tail\nstays mushy after being cooked it doesn't firm up firms up but falls apart\neasily has an ammonia odor\n\n### Experience with cold water lobster tails?\n\nOver his 25 year experience and having cooked more than 10,000 lobsters, he\nfigures he only had 5 bad ones. That's some difference. It tells me if you\nwant to avoid a disappointment when making a special diner, you want to buy\ncold water tails.\n\nYes, you will pay more for cold water tails. Atleast $5.00 difference per\npound or more but I think of it as buying an insurance policy. It will end up\ncosting a lot more if you end up throwing one of the tails away besides\nruining a beautiful dinner.\n\n#### How can you tell the difference between warm water and cold water tails?\n\nAsk before you buy:. If you buy from the a seafood counter then ask. If you\nare buying the lobster tails in a package, Read the label carefully. Generally\nif the package stats only: Lobster Tails, assume they are warm water. You want\nto know specifically if they are from water water or cold water tails. If the\nseafood clerk doesn't know, it might be a wiser idea to find a more reputable\nsource of lobster tails. If you can’t find lobster local, then for a premium\nyou can order lobster online. Check out the Lobster Market.\n\nCheck their shells: Caribbean warm water tails have distinct yellow spots and\na yellow band across the tail. Australian tails don't have these markings.\n\n#### Warm Water Lobster Tail\n\nSpiny Lobster Tail\n\n##### Cold Water Lobster Tail\n\nMaine Lobster Tail\n\n###### Quality and Taste Differences\n\nThere is a definite difference in taste and quality between warm and cold\nwater tails. The cold water tails have whiter meat and are considered more\ntender because they grow more slowly in colder water. Most people will tell\nyou the more expensive cold water tails also have a cleaner more succulent\ntaste.\n\nClawed or Unclawed?\n\nMost of us think of live Maine lobsters with those two large, meaty claws when\nwe think of lobsters. You buy them live in many supermarkets today or have\nthem sent to you via the Internet. If a Maine lobster is missing a claw, it is\ncalled a \"cull\".\n\nSpiny lobsters, also called Rock Lobster, have no claws but hard shells and\nvery long antennae. They come from both warm and cold water climates and are\nthe most the source for frozen lobster tails. There are more than 40 species\nof clawless lobsters found around the world. They can grow as large as 15\npounds but most range from 1 to 5 pounds.\n\nMaine Lobster Tails are harder to find because they are more expensive. The\nMaine lobster outgrows their tail meat after they reach one pound so the\nbigger the lobster, the less tail meat. In a one pound lobster, there is about\n6 ounces of meat in a Maine Lobster tail but 7 1/2 ounces in a New Zealand\nclawless tail. How to buy frozen lobster tails.\n\nIf you see lobster tails at some unbelievable price, they most likely are warm\nwater tails or you will pay for what you get. If they are not marked warm\nwater or cold water and no place of origin given, assume they are warm water\ntails.\n\nIf you see discoloration in the flesh, especially black spots, figure they\nwere not handled properly. If the tail has a grayish color, it is a sign the\nlobster wasn't alive during processing.\n\nAny signs of yellowing or dull meat should be avoided. Ask your fish purveyor\nif the tails have been soaked in sodium tripoyphosphate prior to freezing. If\nit has, don't buy them. Look out for \"glazing\". This is when water is injected\nbetween the meat and the shell before freezing. It adds up to 20% additional\nweight to the tail so you pay more for less. Typically only done to warm water\ntails to protect during storage. The best time of year to buy lobsters is\nduring the winter when prices tend to be lower.\n\nClick here to learn how to cook lobster tails\n\nAnother interesting lobster tail story\n\nIn Reply to: Cooking Lobster Tails posted by Joseph A. Gargano on December 23,\n1999 at 18:56:52:\n\n\"Ok here is the deal!!! We do not have a calling for lobster all the time but\nwhen we do we go : with the best!!! We ordered about 130 cold water tails...\nWhat makes the tail \"Mush\" after : being cooked????? This is upsetting. A\nmajority of people didnt have a problem. We did : have five come back. I\nchecked them and they have the consistency of a grainy paste. It : is like it\ndecomposed!!! My father who has done this since forever says that that means\nthey : are old... I had guests that think its from over cooking. Help me out\nhere!!!\"\n\nI read your problem regarding your mushy Cold Water Lobster Tails. My first\nquestion would be are you sure you received “Cold Water” Lobster Tails? Many\ntails are sold as “Cold Water” type or North Atlantic Cold Water Lobster and\nmany other names which are created to sell Lobster Tails. True “Cold Water”\nLobster Tails come from South Africa, New Zealand and South Australia.\n\nNow as to why the tails turned mushy-Lets start with the tails which are\nmarketed as North Atlantic or Maine Lobster Tails. This species “Homarus\nAmericanus” will produce a mushy tail if the tail is taken from dead Lobsters-\nIt is true that these crustaceans are caught in cold water but they are not\nincluded in the “Cold Water” class.\n\nNow for the “Warm Water” spiny Lobster Tails. These type of tails are the type\nin which mushy tails are most often found. The Lobster in order to molt (to\nshed an outer covering) has to remove and store the calcium which is in its\nshell. The removal allows its present shell to soften. The Lobster pumps in\nwater between the softened shell and its new shell, which is soft. The old\nshell will split and the new shell will start to harden. The calcium which the\nLobster has stored in the meat of its tail is used to help harden the new\nshell. If a Lobster is harvested while the calcium is stored in the tail, this\ntail will be mushy. It is possible to look at a Lobster and tell if the\nLobster is ready to molt-a look at the eyestalks will be a good indicator. The\neyestalk will be cloudy if the Lobster is getting ready to molt.\n\nThe producers of “Cold Water” Lobster have very good Quality Control-they will\nnot accept any molting Lobsters-warm water tails are most often produced in\ncountries which are interested in money “if you catch it we sell it, & the guy\non the end of the line takes the hit”.\n\nAs you well know, be sure your supplier is giving you what you are paying for-\nit is very uncommon to get a mushy true Cold Water Lobster Tail. To Conclude,\nan over cooked Lobster Tail will not be mushy but will get tough as the muscle\nshrinks as the cooking time goes along. \n \n--- \n \nHome | Disclaimer | Privacy Policy | Contact us | Advertise| Site Map\n\n© 2010 LobsterHelp.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180911021027/http://www.lobsterstogo.com:80/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market",
"passages": [
"Even if lobsters could fly, they still would not reach your door faster or fresher than we ship them to you. Find out what makes our shipping better.",
"Find great Maine Lobster Recipes, and create your own online cookbook. Rate and rank our recipes, bookmark your favorites, and add your own.",
"While most of the great seafood products we sell can be shipped anywhere in the United States, some cannot. That’s what makes them special! You find them in our ‘Whats In-Strore” section in the online market. You can order , choose the day you want to pick up, and pay all online. Then, just come by at on the day you chose and pick it up. Easy-peasy. Of course, any of our shippable products can also be ordered and picked up at the store, too."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market | Rockport, Maine\n\n * # Graffam Bros. Maine Seafood Market\n\n * • 800-535-5358\n * • Rockport, Maine\n * •\n\nThe Freshest You Can Get Without Getting Wet\n\n## Prepared Meals Shipped Fresh To Your Home\n\nShop Prepared Meals\n\n## Maine Lobster Shipped Live This is as fresh as it gets!\n\nShop Now\n\n### Buy Maine Seafood\n\nBuy live lobster, fresh seafood, prepared meals, and even sea vegetables.\nPlus, lobster gift certificates, Maine products and more.\n\n### If Lobsters Could Fly\n\nEven if lobsters could fly, they still would not reach your door faster or\nfresher than we ship them to you. Find out what makes our shipping better.\n\n### Your Maine Cookbook\n\nFind great Maine Lobster Recipes, and create your own online cookbook. Rate\nand rank our recipes, bookmark your favorites, and add your own.\n\n## Store Pick-Up Specials\n\nWhile most of the great seafood products we sell can be shipped anywhere in\nthe United States, some cannot. That’s what makes them special! You find them\nin our ‘Whats In-Strore” section in the online market. You can order , choose\nthe day you want to pick up, and pay all online. Then, just come by at on the\nday you chose and pick it up. Easy-peasy. Of course, any of our shippable\nproducts can also be ordered and picked up at the store, too.\n\nThe Freshest You Can Get Without Getting Wet\n\n#### Graffam Bros. Seafood Market.\n\n211 Union Street, Rockport, Maine 04856 800-535-5358 • 207-236-8391 •\nLobstersToGo@GraffamBros.com\n\n© 2018, Graffam Bros. Seafood Market • Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200812035646/https://www.reluctantgourmet.com/broil-lobster-tails/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Broil Lobster Tails with Tips",
"passages": [
"For Mother’s Day, my wife was in the mood for a lobster dinner so I picked up a few lobster tails on my Costco run last weekend. Unfortunately, they only had warm water lobster tails for sale and I prefer cold water lobster. You can read all about why I like cold water lobster over warm water lobster in my post Buying Lobster Tails.",
"There are several ways to prepare lobster tails but my favorite cooking method is to broil them. It doesn’t take long to prep and cook them and the presentation is amazing.",
"The answer to this depends on several factors – size of the lobster tails, distance from the broiler, gas or electric broiler all contribute to how long they will take to cook. I can tell you it takes exactly 8 minutes under the broiler to cook but then you may find them over or under cooked. I can give you a time range but you have to pay attention to them while they cook.",
"Figure about 1 minute per ounce so a 4 ounce tail will take approximately 4 minutes but again, this depends on how close you have them to the broiler, are they at room temperature when you start and the efficiency of your oven.",
"Part of the problem for me when cooking something like lobster tails is I don’t cook them that often. Last time I broiled a lobster for one of my kid’s birthdays, I put them too close to the broiler and the tops were burned. This time I put them a little too far from the broiler and one of them (the largest tail) was undercooked and I had to throw it back in for another minute.",
"If you worked in a restaurant and prepared 30 broiled lobster tails every night, 7 days a week, you’d be an expert very quickly but when you only cook them a couple of times a year, the most important thing you can do is pay attention while they are cooking.",
"Removing the lobster meat from the shell is not that difficult. There are two ways I’ve seen this done. One, make a single cut to the top part of the shell with kitchen scissors right down the middle from the open end of the lobster tail toward the tail end .",
"The other way is to make two cuts, 1 inch apart, down the center of the tail again from the open end toward the tail. I usually just make one cut because cutting through the tails with scissors is not that easy however, it is easier to get the tail meat out with the double cut.",
"If you are using frozen lobster tails, be sure to allow enough time to thaw them out properly. Take fresh or thawed out lobster tails out of the refrigerator before you start broiling them. You don’t want to start with cold tails.",
"I like to keep things simple when it comes to lobster. MELTED BUTTER. That’s it. I brush a little on at the start and serve more in a small dipping bowl with the lobster. If you have the time, try making some clarified butter to serve with your tails. Many people season their lobsters with salt & pepper and paprika can be added for its flavor and appearance. Of course lemon is a natural condiment to serve on the side. In our house, we like it simple – just butter.",
"Start by moving one of the oven racks to the second highest position. I found if you place it at the highest position, there is a better chance of burning the exteriors before the internal meat is cooked. Preheat the broiler while you prep the lobsters.",
"Using kitchen scissors, make a cut on the top part of the shell from the open end to the tail. Be careful to cut only the shell but if you get a little lobster meat in the process, don’t worry about it. More importantly, be careful not to cut yourself.",
"Gently pull the shell apart with your fingers being very careful not to cut yourself on the shell edges (they can be very sharp). When there is enough room to get your fingers inside the shell, gently separate the lobster meat from the sides of the shell. Work your fingers underneath to completely separate the meat from the shell.",
"Carefully lift the lobster meat up from inside the shell so it ends up sitting on top of the shell. The meat will still be attached to the shell at the fan end. Brush a little butter onto the tails. If you want to season them, now is the time.",
"You could also add a little salt and pepper to the butter before applying. Be sure to use a different melted butter than the one you are going to serve with the finished tails. You don’t want any potential cross contamination.",
"Place the lobster tails under the broiler and cook until the lobsters are done. Don’t you love it when someone says, “Cook until done.”? The tails are done when the meat is no longer translucent and becomes opaque.",
"If you have an instant-read thermometer, the internal temperature should be around 145oF or 63oC. If you don’t have a instant-read thermometer, you have to go by time and weight. Be careful not to overcook or you’ll end up with rubbery lobster meat.",
"In my opinion, I would rather under-cook them and have to put them back under the broiler than overcook them. Serve the lobster tails immediately with melted butter and any other seasonings you decide to serve with them.",
"So the old adage, \"Buyer Beware\" really rings true when it comes to buying live lobster . Unless you have a lot of disposable income, serving live lobster is an extravagant treat for a special occasion. Be careful to buy the best product you can afford so you don't end up with an inferior product. The links below are affiliate links.",
"For over three decades, Lobster Anywhere has provided live Maine lobsters and premium seafood to white tablecloth restaurants, hotels, and large institutions throughout the United States. They established an unparalleled reputation for serving customers with discerning taste. If you want live Maine lobsters, and fresh seafood delivered overnight for your business or special event, you can count on Lobster Anywhere to deliver.",
"Know for their crabs but another great resource for live Maine lobsters and other seafood. Greg Cain started CrabPlace.com in 1997 in Crisfield, Maryland, America’s seafood capital by selling and shipping fresh Maryland crab caught daily by local watermen. Their unique packing and delivery processes kept crabs at their freshest, and our satisfied customer base grew quickly. They expanded to selling live Maine lobsters and lobster tails and pride themselves on delivering fresh seafood from the dock to your door, and to your table. They are committed to ensuring that their service is as outstanding as their food. Your complete satisfaction is their goal, and they back that up with their CrabPlace.com Guarantee.",
"I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...",
"Nice job on this. Detailed and crystal-clear. Now I wanna make lobster tails. maybe father’s day? Love to you and your family.",
"Good article. The tail meat comes out more easily, if one uses an upturned spoon and inserts it between shell and meat.",
"I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...",
"I'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the culinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More..."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Broil Lobster Tails with Tips - Procedures - and Photographs\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\n * Planning\n * Recipes\n * Ingredients\n * Techniques\n * Tools\n * Shop\n * Tips\n * Schools\n * Contact\n\n×\n\n# How to Broil Lobster Tails\n\nMay 14, 2014 by G. Stephen Jones 4 Comments\n\n## Learn the Secrets to Great Broiled Lobster Tails\n\nFor Mother’s Day, my wife was in the mood for a lobster dinner so I picked up\na few lobster tails on my Costco run last weekend. Unfortunately, they only\nhad warm water lobster tails for sale and I prefer cold water lobster. You can\nread all about why I like cold water lobster over warm water lobster in my\npost Buying Lobster Tails.\n\nThere are several ways to prepare lobster tails but my favorite cooking method\nis to broil them. It doesn’t take long to prep and cook them and the\npresentation is amazing.\n\n### How Long Do You Broil Them?\n\nThe answer to this depends on several factors – size of the lobster tails,\ndistance from the broiler, gas or electric broiler all contribute to how long\nthey will take to cook. I can tell you it takes exactly 8 minutes under the\nbroiler to cook but then you may find them over or under cooked. I can give\nyou a time range but you have to pay attention to them while they cook.\n\nFigure about 1 minute per ounce so a 4 ounce tail will take approximately 4\nminutes but again, this depends on how close you have them to the broiler, are\nthey at room temperature when you start and the efficiency of your oven.\n\nPart of the problem for me when cooking something like lobster tails is I\ndon’t cook them that often. Last time I broiled a lobster for one of my kid’s\nbirthdays, I put them too close to the broiler and the tops were burned. This\ntime I put them a little too far from the broiler and one of them (the largest\ntail) was undercooked and I had to throw it back in for another minute.\n\nIf you worked in a restaurant and prepared 30 broiled lobster tails every\nnight, 7 days a week, you’d be an expert very quickly but when you only cook\nthem a couple of times a year, the most important thing you can do is pay\nattention while they are cooking.\n\n### Prepping the Lobster Tails\n\nRemoving the lobster meat from the shell is not that difficult. There are two\nways I’ve seen this done. One, make a single cut to the top part of the shell\nwith kitchen scissors right down the middle from the open end of the lobster\ntail toward the tail end .\n\nThe other way is to make two cuts, 1 inch apart, down the center of the tail\nagain from the open end toward the tail. I usually just make one cut because\ncutting through the tails with scissors is not that easy however, it is easier\nto get the tail meat out with the double cut.\n\nIf you are using frozen lobster tails, be sure to allow enough time to thaw\nthem out properly. Take fresh or thawed out lobster tails out of the\nrefrigerator before you start broiling them. You don’t want to start with cold\ntails.\n\n### Seasoning & Serving\n\nI like to keep things simple when it comes to lobster. MELTED BUTTER. That’s\nit. I brush a little on at the start and serve more in a small dipping bowl\nwith the lobster. If you have the time, try making some clarified butter to\nserve with your tails. Many people season their lobsters with salt & pepper\nand paprika can be added for its flavor and appearance. Of course lemon is a\nnatural condiment to serve on the side. In our house, we like it simple – just\nbutter.\n\n### How to Broil Lobster Tails\n\nStart by moving one of the oven racks to the second highest position. I found\nif you place it at the highest position, there is a better chance of burning\nthe exteriors before the internal meat is cooked. Preheat the broiler while\nyou prep the lobsters.\n\nCover a baking pan with tin foil and line up the lobster tails on it.\n\nUsing kitchen scissors, make a cut on the top part of the shell from the open\nend to the tail. Be careful to cut only the shell but if you get a little\nlobster meat in the process, don’t worry about it. More importantly, be\ncareful not to cut yourself.\n\nGently pull the shell apart with your fingers being very careful not to cut\nyourself on the shell edges (they can be very sharp). When there is enough\nroom to get your fingers inside the shell, gently separate the lobster meat\nfrom the sides of the shell. Work your fingers underneath to completely\nseparate the meat from the shell.\n\nCarefully lift the lobster meat up from inside the shell so it ends up sitting\non top of the shell. The meat will still be attached to the shell at the fan\nend. Brush a little butter onto the tails. If you want to season them, now is\nthe time.\n\nYou could also add a little salt and pepper to the butter before applying. Be\nsure to use a different melted butter than the one you are going to serve with\nthe finished tails. You don’t want any potential cross contamination.\n\nPlace the lobster tails under the broiler and cook until the lobsters are\ndone. Don’t you love it when someone says, “Cook until done.”? The tails are\ndone when the meat is no longer translucent and becomes opaque.\n\nIf you have an instant-read thermometer, the internal temperature should be\naround 145oF or 63oC. If you don’t have a instant-read thermometer, you have\nto go by time and weight. Be careful not to overcook or you’ll end up with\nrubbery lobster meat.\n\nIn my opinion, I would rather under-cook them and have to put them back under\nthe broiler than overcook them. Serve the lobster tails immediately with\nmelted butter and any other seasonings you decide to serve with them.\n\n### Online Sources: Lobster & Lobster Tails\n\nConvenience - Selections - Quality - Gift Giving - Corporate Events\n\nSo the old adage, \"Buyer Beware\" really rings true when it comes to buying\nlive lobster . Unless you have a lot of disposable income, serving live\nlobster is an extravagant treat for a special occasion. Be careful to buy the\nbest product you can afford so you don't end up with an inferior product. The\nlinks below are affiliate links.\n\n### Lobster Anywhere\n\nFor over three decades, Lobster Anywhere has provided live Maine lobsters and\npremium seafood to white tablecloth restaurants, hotels, and large\ninstitutions throughout the United States. They established an unparalleled\nreputation for serving customers with discerning taste. If you want live Maine\nlobsters, and fresh seafood delivered overnight for your business or special\nevent, you can count on Lobster Anywhere to deliver.\n\n### The Crab Place\n\nKnow for their crabs but another great resource for live Maine lobsters and\nother seafood. Greg Cain started CrabPlace.com in 1997 in Crisfield, Maryland,\nAmerica’s seafood capital by selling and shipping fresh Maryland crab caught\ndaily by local watermen. Their unique packing and delivery processes kept\ncrabs at their freshest, and our satisfied customer base grew quickly. They\nexpanded to selling live Maine lobsters and lobster tails and pride themselves\non delivering fresh seafood from the dock to your door, and to your table.\nThey are committed to ensuring that their service is as outstanding as their\nfood. Your complete satisfaction is their goal, and they back that up with\ntheir CrabPlace.com Guarantee.\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Lobster Bisque Video\n * How to Broil Salmon Recipe\n * Lobster Stock Recipe\n * Simple Lobster Bisque Recipe\n\nFiled Under: Broiling Techniques, Lobster Recipes\n\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\n\nPrevious Post: « Soupe au Pistou Recipe\n\nNext Post: Grilled Eggplant Caponata Recipe »\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Michael Selz\n\nMay 14, 2014 at 4:05 pm\n\nNice job on this. Detailed and crystal-clear. Now I wanna make lobster tails.\nmaybe father’s day? Love to you and your family.\n\nReply\n\n 2. Bill\n\nMay 15, 2014 at 5:07 am\n\nHi RG, nice article and good practical tips! I like your post on cold versus\nwarm water lobsters.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Frank Mosher\n\nJuly 23, 2015 at 4:29 am\n\nGood article. The tail meat comes out more easily, if one uses an upturned\nspoon and inserts it between shell and meat.\n\nReply\n\n * The Reluctant Gourmet\n\nJuly 23, 2015 at 10:50 am\n\nThanks for that tip Frank.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Who Is The Reluctant Gourmet?\n\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\n\n### Categories\n\n### How to Buy Lobster Online\n\n### My Cooking Cartoons\n\n### Made In Cookware\n\n### FREE ONLINE\n\n## Footer\n\n### About the Reluctant Gourmet\n\nI'm a work-at-home dad who enjoys cooking, learning everything I can about the\nculinary world and sharing it with you. To learn more about me... Read More...\n\n### Featured Favorites\n\n## Chicken Mushroom and Spinach Comfort Food Recipe\n\n## Watermelon Gazpacho Recipe\n\n## Habanero Sauce Recipe\n\n### Fun Stuff\n\n * Cartoons\n * Events\n * Opinion\n * Press Releases\n\n### Important Links\n\n * Advertising Disclosure\n * Terms of Use\n * Copyright Info\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Home\n * About The Reluctant Gourmet\n * Contact Me\n * Advertising\n\nCopyright © 2020 · The Reluctant Gourmet\n\n"
}
] |
1,539,649 | How To Remove Black Hair Dye | To remove black hair dye, coat your hair with an ample amount of olive or coconut oil and let it sit for several hours. Then, shampoo your hair to remove the oil. You may need to repeat this process a few times to remove all of the dye. You can also use a color removing kit, which are sold at drugstores. Look for the extra strength version since black dye is difficult to remove. Apply the product in 1 inch strips starting from the bottom half of your hair and follow the instructions on the box. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170615190628/http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103302/https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103415/https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210301045312/https://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210423142503/https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210630180229/https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover"
] | train | 1,820 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170615190628/http://www.livestrong.com:80/article/227004-home-remedies-to-remove-black-hair-dye/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye",
"passages": [
"Jennifer Byrne is a freelance writer and editor specializing in topics related to health care, fitness, science and more. She attended Rutgers University. Her writing has been published by KidsHealth.org, DietBlogTalk.com, Primary Care Optometry News, and EyeWorld Magazine. She was awarded the Gold Award from the American Society of Healthcare Publication Editors (ASHPE), 2007, and the Apex Award for Publication Excellence.",
"Making a hair color mistake is almost always unpleasant. If your color mishap is the deepest, darkest shade of black, however, you've made a choice that might seem difficult to reverse. Because not everyone can carry off jet-black hair with style, you may feel that you are stuck wearing a hat for the next few months. In reality, black hair color is easier to \"lift\" than you may think.",
"Shampoos designed to remove dandruff flakes generally contain an arsenal of strong chemicals, according to MammalHair.com. These chemicals can lighten your dyed black hair. Simply use a dandruff shampoo in place of your normal kind to gradually lift the color. MammalHair.com also notes that you should avoid using any type of \"color safe\" or \"color extend\" shampoos or conditioners, as these are meant to extend the life of your hair color, not reverse it.",
"For a more intense approach to lightening the black dye, wash your hair with a common dishwashing liquid, such as Dawn or Joy. The concentrated chemicals contained in these product can lighten your hair color, MammalHair.com reports. You can also mix shampoo with baking soda as a method of removing black hair dye.",
"THee use of hot oil treatments available at your local pharmacy or grocery store can also expedite the fading of your color, according to Real Beauty. An added benefit of a hot oil treatment is that it can restore moisture and health to your hair. To use, heat up the product as directed. Apply it to dry strands and leave it in your hair. Cover your hair with a towel or shower cap for 15 minutes. After you've rinsed out the oil, you should notice that your hair is slightly lighter, Real Beauty reports.",
"Wash your hair with an anti-residue shampoo. Because these products are designed to remove any persistent styling residue from your hair, they can also help wash away dye. You can maximize the effects of using this shampoo by following it with a hot oil treatment, MammalHair.com adds.",
"Copyright © 2017 Leaf Group Ltd. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance of the LIVESTRONG.COM Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Copyright Policy. The material appearing on LIVESTRONG.COM is for educational use only. It should not be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. LIVESTRONG is a registered trademark of the LIVESTRONG Foundation. The LIVESTRONG Foundation and LIVESTRONG.COM do not endorse any of the products or services that are advertised on the web site. Moreover, we do not select every advertiser or advertisement that appears on the web site-many of the advertisements are served by third party advertising companies. Ad Choices"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye | LIVESTRONG.COM\n\nHello, !\n\n * UPGRADE TO GOLD for additional benefits\n * PROFILE\n * TRACK\n * EXERCISE\n * PROGRESS\n * COMMUNITY\n * INBOX\n * SETTINGS\n\nLOG OUT\n\nSIGN UP\n\nLOG IN\n\n0\n\n## Notifications\n\n * Notifications\n * User Preferences\n\n * You're all caught up!\n\n 1. LIVESTRONG.COM\n 2. Fashion, Style and Personal Care\n 3. Hair Care\n 4. Hair Color\n\n# Home Remedies to Remove Black Hair Dye\n\nby JENNIFER BYRNE Last Updated: Mar 13, 2014\n\nJennifer Byrne\n\nJennifer Byrne is a freelance writer and editor specializing in topics related\nto health care, fitness, science and more. She attended Rutgers University.\nHer writing has been published by KidsHealth.org, DietBlogTalk.com, Primary\nCare Optometry News, and EyeWorld Magazine. She was awarded the Gold Award\nfrom the American Society of Healthcare Publication Editors (ASHPE), 2007, and\nthe Apex Award for Publication Excellence.\n\nDyed black hair. Photo Credit Valua Vitaly/iStock/Getty Images\n\n## Overview\n\nMaking a hair color mistake is almost always unpleasant. If your color mishap\nis the deepest, darkest shade of black, however, you've made a choice that\nmight seem difficult to reverse. Because not everyone can carry off jet-black\nhair with style, you may feel that you are stuck wearing a hat for the next\nfew months. In reality, black hair color is easier to \"lift\" than you may\nthink.\n\n## Dandruff Shampoo\n\nDandruff shampoo. Photo Credit Karin Lau/iStock/Getty Images\n\nShampoos designed to remove dandruff flakes generally contain an arsenal of\nstrong chemicals, according to MammalHair.com. These chemicals can lighten\nyour dyed black hair. Simply use a dandruff shampoo in place of your normal\nkind to gradually lift the color. MammalHair.com also notes that you should\navoid using any type of \"color safe\" or \"color extend\" shampoos or\nconditioners, as these are meant to extend the life of your hair color, not\nreverse it.\n\n## Dishwashing Liquid or Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda. Photo Credit Chorboon Chiranuparp/iStock/Getty Images\n\nFor a more intense approach to lightening the black dye, wash your hair with a\ncommon dishwashing liquid, such as Dawn or Joy. The concentrated chemicals\ncontained in these product can lighten your hair color, MammalHair.com\nreports. You can also mix shampoo with baking soda as a method of removing\nblack hair dye.\n\n## Hot Oil Treatments\n\nHot oil. Photo Credit akekoksomistock/iStock/Getty Images\n\nTHee use of hot oil treatments available at your local pharmacy or grocery\nstore can also expedite the fading of your color, according to Real Beauty. An\nadded benefit of a hot oil treatment is that it can restore moisture and\nhealth to your hair. To use, heat up the product as directed. Apply it to dry\nstrands and leave it in your hair. Cover your hair with a towel or shower cap\nfor 15 minutes. After you've rinsed out the oil, you should notice that your\nhair is slightly lighter, Real Beauty reports.\n\n## Anti-Residue Shampoo\n\nShampoo bottles. Photo Credit alexandr kornienko/iStock/Getty Images\n\nWash your hair with an anti-residue shampoo. Because these products are\ndesigned to remove any persistent styling residue from your hair, they can\nalso help wash away dye. You can maximize the effects of using this shampoo by\nfollowing it with a hot oil treatment, MammalHair.com adds.\n\n### Related Searches\n\nLose Weight. Feel Great! Change your life with MyPlate by LIVESTRONG.COM\n\n### YOU MIGHT ALSO LIKE\n\nHow to Change Black Hair Color\n\nHow to Treat Color-Damaged Black Hair\n\nAre Lemon Juice Highlights Good for Dark Brown or Black Hair?\n\nDemi-Permanent vs. Semi-Permanent Hair Color\n\nWhy Do Moles Grow Black Hair?\n\nWhat Color Clothes Makes Brown Eyes Lighter?\n\nHow to Make White Hair Less Noticeable\n\nAt-Home Remedies for Dry, Colored Hair\n\nBlack Walnut Hull Side Effects\n\nHousehold Tips to Get Haircolor Off of Skin\n\nNatural Gray Hair Treatment\n\nPermanent Hair Dye Ingredients\n\nHow to Remove Henna From Hair With Mineral Oil\n\nSkin Care Tips for Black Men\n\nHow to Get Hair Dye Off the Skin\n\nCan Green Tea Make Your Feces Green?\n\nHow Is Hair Color Determined?\n\nHow to Fix Dry Hair Ends\n\nFacts About Bleaching Hair\n\nDiet to Prevent Gray Hair\n\n#### CURRENTLY TRENDING\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n## Foods That Fight Gray Hair\n\nVIDEO\n\n## What Is the Significance of the Color of a Jiu-Jitsu Gi Belt?\n\nSLIDESHOW\n\n## Find Out Which Haircut Is Best for You\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### PEOPLE ARE READING\n\n * 1\n\nHow to Change Black Hair Color\n\n * 2\n\nHow to Treat Color-Damaged Black Hair\n\n * 3\n\nAre Lemon Juice Highlights Good for Dark Brown or Black...\n\n * 4\n\nDemi-Permanent vs. Semi-Permanent Hair Color\n\n * 5\n\nWhy Do Moles Grow Black Hair?\n\nAdvertisement\n\n## SIGN UP FOR OUR NEWSLETTER\n\nGet the latest tips on diet, exercise and healthy living\n\nOFFICIAL PARTNER OF THE LIVESTRONG FOUNDATION\n\n * CANCER SUPPORT\n * SHOP\n * TEAM LIVESTRONG\n * DONATE\n\nCopyright © 2017 Leaf Group Ltd. Use of this web site constitutes acceptance\nof the LIVESTRONG.COM Terms of Use, Privacy Policy and Copyright Policy. The\nmaterial appearing on LIVESTRONG.COM is for educational use only. It should\nnot be used as a substitute for professional medical advice, diagnosis or\ntreatment. LIVESTRONG is a registered trademark of the LIVESTRONG Foundation.\nThe LIVESTRONG Foundation and LIVESTRONG.COM do not endorse any of the\nproducts or services that are advertised on the web site. Moreover, we do not\nselect every advertiser or advertisement that appears on the web site-many of\nthe advertisements are served by third party advertising companies. Ad Choices\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103302/https://www.naturallycurly.com/curlreading/hair_color/i-tried-7-ways-i-strip-my-hair-color-this-is-what-really-works",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works",
"passages": [
"TOP PRODUCTS Guides and resources for easy product selection INGREDIENTS Learn how to read your hair product labels DIY PRODUCTS Easy-to-make recipes for all your haircare needs BEST OF THE BEST Community member favorites make up this coveted list GIVEAWAYS Enter to win products we all love",
"STYLENOOK Share your style and browse the style of others CURLTALK Chat with curl friends about your favorite curly topics TRENDSETTER Participate in product testing surveys discussions etc.",
"Figuring out how to strip your hair color without further damaging your hair can be overwhelming, especially with the limited amount of options that we currently have. Fortunately for you, I've been through it all and evaluated each method. My hair suffered so yours doesn't have to. Here are some common methods you might hear about, as well as some that have worked really well for me.",
"Dish soap is made to break up oil on dishes, which it will also do to your hair, so beware of desert-dry tresses if you try this method. Fortunately, if you go through the effort of using this drying soap on your dyed hair, it can actually help remove unwanted color. You'll need to do many, many washes to fade it out, but it is definitely a step in the right direction if you really want to remove a color. Some people throw some baking soda into their dish soap for an extra boost. I haven't had great success with this personally, but who knows what might work for your hair!",
"This is one that I tend to gravitate towards because when mixed with the ingredients below, it works magic and is the least damaging of the effective treatments. My favorite anti-dandruff shampoo for fading hair dye is the Head & Shoulders Dandruff Shampoo, Green Apple. It is essential that you use the green apple version because it smells amazing.",
"Unfortunately, this method is also drying on the hair, so deep conditioning your hair after washing with this is important if you want to properly restore your hair back to health. I recommend using your deepest deep conditioner and leaving it in for a few hours between treatments with the anti-dandruff shampoo. On its own, it will also take multiple rounds that will gradually fade your hair bit by bit. To speed up this process, use the Vitamin C Method.",
"Lemon juice is one of those methods that you hear around the internet that will help you lighten your hair, strip your hair color, whiten your teeth, etc. In my experience, lemon juice is not quite the miracle you are looking for. If you try to lighten your hair with it, the most you will get is your best friend squinting at your head in bright lighting asking you if you did something new to your hair, but not being able to identify what it was. In my opinion, it's not worth the time.",
"Baking soda is in the same category as lemon juice, and oddly enough it's also used for whitening teeth, which is an interesting coincidence. I've tried mixing baking soda into different concoctions to strip my hair dye, and it hasn't been all that helpful.",
"Vitamin C is a gift from God. It's able to strip out semi-permanent and demi- permanent hair dye like magic. If you have any vitamin C powder vitamins, then you're in luck! If not, look for the vitamins that are made of compressed powder - not gummies or chewable ones - and crush them up into a powder. I usually put about 12 large pills in a plastic bag and smash them with a hammer. You can be as civilized with the process as you want, but that's the fun way.",
"This will get the color to start seeping out, and won't be permanently damaging like other chemical methods. Check out the video below showing how I did this.",
"Hair dye strippers exist for permanent hair colors. I've used the One N Only Colorfix before. You can use them on semi-permanent or demi-permanent hair dyes, but they are chemical processes that will be damaging to your hair. They also never fail to smell like rotten eggs on a hot day in a boiler room, but if you are desperate or need your color gone ASAP, one to maybe two rounds of this will have your hair looking like it's just been bleached... and smelling like eggs.",
"Bleach baths are a last resort for hair dye removal. If you have a dye that is just absolutely way too stubborn for any other method, then you can use this method at the risk of damaging your hair further while resolving your color issue. Just mix bleach powder in with some shampoo (some people use bleach powder with the developer and then shampoo, but it's up to you) and wash your hair with the mix. Leave it on for a few minutes and the color will disappear like Houdini.",
"Everyone's hair is different, and these are tips based on my own personal experiences, but I encourage you to try each method out for yourself and see how it reacts with your own hair. Happy color stripping!",
"Our website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our visitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker on our website."
]
},
"parsed_md": "I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works |\nNaturallyCurly.com\n\n * TEXTURE\n\nWAVY (2a-2c) Forms a loose “S” very easily straightened\n\n2a\n\n2b\n\n2c\n\nCURLY (3a-3c) Forms a definite “S” shaped like a corkscrew\n\n3a\n\n3b\n\n3c\n\nCOILY (4a-4c) Very tight curl when stretched creates an “S”\n\n4a\n\n4b\n\n4c\n\nLOCS Hair intentionally matted to form \"ropes\"\n\nQUIZ Take our quiz to learn your curl pattern\n\n * TOPICS\n\nCONCERNS\n\n * Dryness\n * Frizz\n * Curl Definition\n * Detangling\n * Hair Growth\n * Hair Breakage\n * Shrinkage\n * Hair Loss\n * Scalp Care\n * Heat Damage\n * Graying\n * Volume\n\nCURL CARE\n\n * Hair Color\n * Haircuts\n * Hairstyles\n * Transitioning\n * Straightening\n * Retexturizing\n * Curly Girl Method\n * LOC Method\n * 2nd Day Hair\n * Cleansing\n * Conditioning\n * Kids\n * Men\n * Salon Finder\n\nLIFESTYLE\n\n * Celebrities\n * Beauty\n * Self-Care\n * Culture\n * Business\n\n * VIDEOS\n * PRODUCTS\n\nTOP PRODUCTS Guides and resources for easy product selection INGREDIENTS Learn\nhow to read your hair product labels DIY PRODUCTS Easy-to-make recipes for all\nyour haircare needs BEST OF THE BEST Community member favorites make up this\ncoveted list GIVEAWAYS Enter to win products we all love\n\n * COMMUNITY\n\nSTYLENOOK Share your style and browse the style of others CURLTALK Chat with\ncurl friends about your favorite curly topics TRENDSETTER Participate in\nproduct testing surveys discussions etc.\n\n * SHOP\n * GET INVOLVED\n\n * ESSENCE.COM\n\n * My Cart\n\n * SUBSCRIBE\n\n * features:\n\n * TEXTURE TALES\n * LEADERS IN CURL\n * Best of the Best\n * ASK A CURL EXPERT\n\nLogin\n\nLog in\n\nWelcome to NaturallyCurly! Log in to confirm your registration.\n\nNew here? Sign up for an account.\n\nSign up for our newsletter to get more tips and tricks\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. Curl Reading\n\n 3. Hair_color\n\n 4. I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\n\n 1. Home\n\n 2. Curl Reading\n\n 3. Hair_color\n\n 4. I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\n\n# I Tried 7 Ways I Strip My Hair Color, This is What Really Works\n\nBY Camille Johnson\n\n5.5.20\n\nPicture courtesy of @offbeatlook\n\nFiguring out how to strip your hair color without further damaging your hair\ncan be overwhelming, especially with the limited amount of options that we\ncurrently have. Fortunately for you, I've been through it all and evaluated\neach method. My hair suffered so yours doesn't have to. Here are some common\nmethods you might hear about, as well as some that have worked really well for\nme.\n\n### Dish Soap\n\nDish soap is made to break up oil on dishes, which it will also do to your\nhair, so beware of desert-dry tresses if you try this method. Fortunately, if\nyou go through the effort of using this drying soap on your dyed hair, it can\nactually help remove unwanted color. You'll need to do many, many washes to\nfade it out, but it is definitely a step in the right direction if you really\nwant to remove a color. Some people throw some baking soda into their dish\nsoap for an extra boost. I haven't had great success with this personally, but\nwho knows what might work for your hair!\n\n### Anti-Dandruff Shampoo\n\nThis is one that I tend to gravitate towards because when mixed with the\ningredients below, it works magic and is the least damaging of the effective\ntreatments. My favorite anti-dandruff shampoo for fading hair dye is the Head\n& Shoulders Dandruff Shampoo, Green Apple. It is essential that you use the\ngreen apple version because it smells amazing.\n\nUnfortunately, this method is also drying on the hair, so deep conditioning\nyour hair after washing with this is important if you want to properly restore\nyour hair back to health. I recommend using your deepest deep conditioner and\nleaving it in for a few hours between treatments with the anti-dandruff\nshampoo. On its own, it will also take multiple rounds that will gradually\nfade your hair bit by bit. To speed up this process, use the Vitamin C Method.\n\nPicture courtesy of @offbeatlook\n\n### Lemon Juice\n\nLemon juice is one of those methods that you hear around the internet that\nwill help you lighten your hair, strip your hair color, whiten your teeth,\netc. In my experience, lemon juice is not quite the miracle you are looking\nfor. If you try to lighten your hair with it, the most you will get is your\nbest friend squinting at your head in bright lighting asking you if you did\nsomething new to your hair, but not being able to identify what it was. In my\nopinion, it's not worth the time.\n\n### Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda is in the same category as lemon juice, and oddly enough it's also\nused for whitening teeth, which is an interesting coincidence. I've tried\nmixing baking soda into different concoctions to strip my hair dye, and it\nhasn't been all that helpful.\n\n### Vitamin C Method\n\nVitamin C is a gift from God. It's able to strip out semi-permanent and demi-\npermanent hair dye like magic. If you have any vitamin C powder vitamins, then\nyou're in luck! If not, look for the vitamins that are made of compressed\npowder - not gummies or chewable ones - and crush them up into a powder. I\nusually put about 12 large pills in a plastic bag and smash them with a\nhammer. You can be as civilized with the process as you want, but that's the\nfun way.\n\nAfter you've gotten them nicely ground up:\n\n 1. mix the vitamin powder with your anti-dandruff shampoo\n 2. use the mixture to shampoo your hair, rubbing the strands between your fingers\n 3. cover your hair and leave it for half an hour\n\nThis will get the color to start seeping out, and won't be permanently\ndamaging like other chemical methods. Check out the video below showing how I\ndid this.\n\n### Color Strippers\n\nHair dye strippers exist for permanent hair colors. I've used the One N Only\nColorfix before. You can use them on semi-permanent or demi-permanent hair\ndyes, but they are chemical processes that will be damaging to your hair. They\nalso never fail to smell like rotten eggs on a hot day in a boiler room, but\nif you are desperate or need your color gone ASAP, one to maybe two rounds of\nthis will have your hair looking like it's just been bleached... and smelling\nlike eggs.\n\n### Bleach Baths\n\nBleach baths are a last resort for hair dye removal. If you have a dye that is\njust absolutely way too stubborn for any other method, then you can use this\nmethod at the risk of damaging your hair further while resolving your color\nissue. Just mix bleach powder in with some shampoo (some people use bleach\npowder with the developer and then shampoo, but it's up to you) and wash your\nhair with the mix. Leave it on for a few minutes and the color will disappear\nlike Houdini.\n\nEveryone's hair is different, and these are tips based on my own personal\nexperiences, but I encourage you to try each method out for yourself and see\nhow it reacts with your own hair. Happy color stripping!\n\nWhat methods have you tried to strip your hair color? Let me know in the\ncomments below.\n\nSign up for our newsletter to get more tips and tricks\n\n##### team message\n\nOur website is made possible by displaying online advertisements to our\nvisitors. Please consider supporting us by disabling your ad blocker on our\nwebsite.\n\nThank you! :)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211006103415/https://softerhair.com/hair-color-removers-benefits-and-limitations/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations",
"passages": [
"An artificial hair color extractor, also called hair dye remover or hair color stripper, is highly effective and one of the least harmful ways to remove artificial color pigments from your hair. If your desire to look like Gwen Stefani’s platinum pixie transformed into a “Yellow Submarine,” then read on!",
"Stealth Haircare Health: A color stripper is specially designed to remove oxidative (permanent) dye from the hair. Color removing products generally don’t contain ammonia or bleaching agents. If you select the right brand and only use the product occasionally, it won’t cause significant damage to your hair.",
"Common Sense about the Scents: Color removers are suitable for use at home, but ensure that you carefully follow the directions and apply the product properly. The strong sulfur smell might be difficult for some people to tolerate, so washing your hair multiple times during the rinsing stage is advised to reduce most of the smell. Have common sense about the scents!",
"1. Color Chaos To Get Rid of Unwanted Color: If you tried a different brand of your desired shade and it came out darker than you wanted, a color stripper is your new BFF!. Or, if you dyed your natural blonde hair a darker color, but don’t like the results, consider a color stripper as your rescue ranger! In either case, a hair dye remover is the most effective way to reverse an undesirable color application and achieve a good base for a new color.",
"2. Pre-treating color remover: This product can be used to remove the build- up of previous color applications, making your hair ready for re-coloring and achieving the shade of your choice.",
"Brands: Color Oops Hair Color Remover, VANISH Color Corrector, PRAVANA Artificial Hair Color Extractor, and Salerm Color Reverse. These products don’t contain bleach, so they are milder on your hair than peroxide-containing formulas.",
"Schwarzkopf Professional Bond Enforcing Color Remover can lift artificial pigments up to 3 levels. It comes with a developer and Schwarzkopf Professional Bond Sealer.",
"The mixture of color remover and the developer is supposed to stay in the hair for 20 minutes. After rinsing the color remover, you need to apply the Bond Sealer and leave it in the hair for up to 10 minutes. After rinsing the Bond Sealer, your hair is ready for a new color application.",
"During the processing time, the color remover works by 1. Entering the hair shaft 2. Then breaking down the large color molecules that are deposited in the hair by oxidative hair dyes. The particles of color molecules become small enough to be washed out from the hair. This product will not only remove the synthetic pigments from the last color you applied but also from all the previous dyes, too.",
"Bleaching Briefs: Dye remover won’t lighten your natural hair color because it doesn’t contain bleach (there are some exceptions). This product is designed to only remove previously applied permanent hair dye pigments, without bleaching.",
"Here’s a bleaching brief: This product won’t work if you’re trying to restore your original natural color and you’ve used bleach in the past. Color remover won’t restore your hair to its pre-bleached color because the natural pigment within your underlying virgin hair has been lightened and altered. Dye remover will remove all the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the underlying lightened base.",
"Don’t expect a beautiful color after the color removal process is completed. However, you can attain the perfect base to dye your hair again to achieve your desired color. That is what this product is designed for.",
"Color Chameleons: Those who want to return to their natural color may be disappointed by the results. Many people blame their color remover for leaving warm undertones (This is why you hardly ever see a highly rated color remover). However, these undertones may be the result of the previous dying processes. Past underlying permanent dyes may have lifted some of the natural pigments present in your hair and the color extractor just revealed this unsightly hair.",
"This unique product doesn’t work on intense colors such as blues, bright reds, pinks, purples, or greens. Sorry, rainbow guys and gals! It only works on dyes that use peroxide developers, so it’s ineffective at removing direct dyes like henna and other plant-based colors, as well as semi-permanent or temporary colors.",
"True Colors: You may have read some reports about the successful removal of semi-permanent fashion colors using artificial hair color extractors; however, they aren’t designed for that use. A possible explanation is that significant fading of vivid colors may be caused by shampooing multiple times with a clarifying shampoo and rinsing the hair with very warm water, more than solely by the action of the color remover.",
"Update: Direct dye removers have been developed to help get rid of semi- permanent colors and allow for more experimenting with fashion colors.",
"c. If you have been dying your naturally golden blonde hair a dark brown, you probably will end up with a slightly reddish blonde.",
"d. If you have been dying your naturally dark hair a lighter shade, a color remover likely will alleviate the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the lightened base.",
"e. If your hair was partially gray before permanent dying in a darker shade, your white hair will possibly turn orange. You may need help from your colorist to recolor or make the transition to your naturally gray hair.",
"For the down low on damage control, keep in mind that color strippers remove only the artificial dyes without altering the structure of your hair. Using them is less damaging to your hair than applying bleach or ammonia-based products. However, subjecting the hair to shampooing multiple times and a lot of warm water rinsing can often deplete your hair of natural oils, leaving your strand feeling dry. Using a conditioner afterward is a must! A deep conditioning treatment should be done to help restore moisture and softness. Do damage control to keep your hair on a hot roll!",
"If you only use a hair color extractor occasionally, you won’t experience any serious damage to your hair. Overusing color stripping products can leave your hair dry, porous, and prone to breakage. Since hair color extractors leave a raised cuticle layer, you may experience faster color fading after stripping your hair.",
"To preserve the integrity of your hair, use hair color removers in moderation and select a brand that doesn’t contain bleach in the formula.",
"Be aware that a cold and drafty room is not an appropriate environment for using a day remover. Also, make sure to protect your clothing and nearby surfaces as the product could stain them. Always wear gloves and ensure all items used are made of plastic or glass.",
"Step 1– Shampoo your hair twice with a clarifying shampoo. Rinse and towel dry your hair as it should be clean and damp prior to application. Some products (such as the JoBaz Hair Color Remover) should be applied to dry hair per instruction. Your hair must be perfectly clean in both cases.",
"Step 2– Dye remover kits come in two separate bottles containing an acid solution and a sulfur-reducing agent. You need to follow directions and mix them together to cause a chemical reaction.",
"Step 3– In the application stage, you need to work fast because once the solutions are mixed together the product starts losing its effectiveness. Using a tint brush immediately apply the mixture to the hair. If you have long hair, you may find it easier to pour the product into your gloved hand and apply it with your fingertips. Use a wide-toothed plastic comb to ensure even distribution.",
"Step 4– Once the hair is well saturated with the mixture, put a processing cap over your hair, and apply medium heat for 20 minutes. You can use a blow dryer to keep your hair warm. Applying heat helps open the cuticle and accelerate color removal. If you don’t use the blow dryer, wrap the plastic cap with a towel to keep your hair warm.",
"Step 5– The rinsing stage is the most important part of the process and must be done properly. During this step, you wash out the color particles from the hair. Shampoo and thoroughly rinse by directing the water into the hair multiple times. Each shampoo should be followed by a long warm rinse to keep the cuticles open. If you use cold water, the product won’t work. If you don’t rinse your hair well enough, the color particles that remain in your hair will oxidize in the air and expand again. When you do not completely flush color particles out, you may experience unwanted re-darkening and return to the unwanted color within 24-48 hours after use. The extra rinsing also helps with washing away the strong, unpleasant smell of the product.",
"Your hair will be a bit dry after multiple shampooing, so apply a good amount of conditioner and leave it for several minutes to combat the dryness. A neutral protein filler should be applied to seal the cuticles back.",
"Although the directions on the box say that you can dye your hair the same day, I would recommend letting your hair rest for several days before dying it. If your previous color applications left your hair dry and overly porous, this condition will become even more obvious after using a color remover. If you choose to apply permanent hair dye immediately following the color removal process, you need to select a color that is at least 2 levels lighter than you want, because the coloring of extremely porous hair will produce darker and more intense results than intended.",
"If you wish to re-color your striped hair the same day, it is advisable to apply a temporary or semi-permanent hair color closest to your natural shade and tone and wait at least a week before applying a permanent dye. This will allow the porosity of your hair to decrease a bit.",
"If you decide just to wait for the roots to grow out, using a “purple” shampoo will help keep the brassiness away.",
"I’ve only dyed my hair once. I’m naturally a medium brown color, and I died my hair black about 3 months ago. I used permanent dye, but I haven’t retouched it yet (I only dyed it the original time). I’m sick of the color, and I’m really hoping I can get close to my natural hair color because I’ve only dyed it once. Any suggestions? (I’m also trying to avoid a red tint)",
"A color remover wouldn’t resolve the problem except you plan to dye your hair again. Consider consulting an experienced colorist.",
"Yes, you can remove it my hair is naturally medium brown color I dyed it burgundy to black I used color oops the first time it took all the black out and my hair was burgundy since I had dyed it that color before the black I used color Oops Hair again and it came back to my natural hair color with no red tints but just make sure you rinse your hair completely to remove all the color. Since you’ve only dyed it once it’s less color to remove and not layers on top of layers.",
"My hair is naturally medium to dark blonde. A couple of weeks ago I tried box dying it lighter blonde because in the winter my natural lighter highlights fade and it looked more brown than blonde. Anyways this golden blonde L’Oreal box dye turned my lighter blonde hair orange and my darker blonde hair red. I went to an Aveda salon and asked for them to fix the red/orange and I wanted a natural blonde look with highlights and lowlights. They told me they couldn’t fix the orange/red immediately, and they did this: -they highlighted my hair (to break up the red) -and then toned/added a gloss for about 8 minutes to counteract the red",
"One thing I noticed was the stylists said my hair “took” really well to the highlight and it brought some neutral blonde tones, which I like. However, other than that, my hair is still orange/red.",
"What I would like to know is: 1. Did the salon do the best they could to remove the red/orange, or were they being too conservative with my hair? If so, what should I ask to be done at another salon to achieve the best and quickest results possible? 2. I tried buying purple shampoos and toners and nothing seems to be working on my hair! Should I try using a color stripping treatment like Pravana? Given my situation, would that only make my hair more orange/red, or would it help to remove that artificial color to my natural dark blonde?",
"No; I haven’t asked her yet to remove the color. Also, on the downside, she just started being a hairdresser.",
"I use a color remover to get the ginger color out of my dark blonde hair. It worked pretty well but is still a little red/gold. I’m going to dye over it, but I’m not sure what developer to use. 10 or 20? Any suggestions?",
"Hello everyone, my Asian hair was bleached back in 2014. then used medium brown to cover my white hair. If I use color remover, is it correct that my hair will go back to the color when I bleached it (which is orangey goldy- ish)? If yes, I am also looking at using toner instead, because I want to go blonde and then silver-white then transition to gray-white. I want to stop using hair dye after I have achieved the silver or white color on my hair. Any thoughts? I learned a lot from this forum. Super thanks for sharing!",
"hello! I am naturally brunette, I bleached my hair around 6 months ago, by professionals. yesterday, I decided to box dye my hair brown again. I fully regret it, so I was thinking of using a hair color remover. I’m not sure how it will turn up, and I want to go back blonde too if possible. any suggestions would be good. thanks!",
"Hi~ I’m trying not to damage my hair too much so I waited for like one more for the second bleach. and another month for color application. however, the color wasn’t up to expectations. my normal hair color is black. after first bleach it became brown. after the second bleach, it became light brown. after applying a light pink dye, it became dark rose gold. if I use bleach on this color, will it go back to light brown? or will it be even lighter?",
"I suggest consulting an experienced colorist in your area to ensure you are using the best lightening solutions and determine what is the right base for your desired color. You can strip golden rose color using hair color remover and then continue with lightening sessions until you reach the right base for the color you want. If you are not sure that you have made the right choice of color, use semi-permanent color until you are ready for permanent coloring. If you’re getting your hair colored at the salon, choose a salon that uses a bond-building product like Olaplex to reduce the damaging effect of bleaching and coloring.",
"have naturally black hair that I had gotten it done by someone who I don’t think used bleach. She had dyed streaks of red and brown to my hair and I realized that I don’t like it and I want my natural color back without waiting long for it to regrow. I searched for many remedies to remove artificial hair color but always was scared that I would lose all my hair. I found color oops and read many reviews, some said it was great, some hated it and I am scared if I buy it and then it breaks off all my hair. I have straight to wavy hair and it is long. I don’t know if I should try it but at the same time, I don’t want to re-dye it. Is it safe? Will it remove all the artificial so I am back with my natural black hair? Since I didn’t use bleach, will it go back to its original color?",
"If you follow instructions and Color Oops will not damage your hair. Color Oops takes out the last color and makes your hair absorbent to another color. The product will remove hair dye but not your natural color. You will get a base to re-color and you can choose a shade closest to your natural color. Consult ann experienced colorist in your area. Since your hair is black and you don’t want to go lighter you might don’t have to use color remover at all.",
"I’ve been getting highlights for many years to my thin mousey brown shoulder- length hair. My hair can be broken in some areas but not too bad. Sometimes they would give me brown lowlights, or brown roots. In between highlights. Then I had the salon dye my brown. The dark brown dye she used was a demi. But it looks black and washes out my face. It’s been around 2 1/2 weeks and I hate it. In my situation what would the nonbleach color remover do to my hair? The colorist suggested using it. But colorist has ruined my hair in the past. I need to get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights.",
"You can use a color remover to remove artificial pigment. You will get a good base for applying a new shade. To get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights you need to re-color. You might want to find a hair professional that you will trust.",
"Would a direct dye lifter such as Malibu C DDL and 20 developer work on removing temporary colors? I have gray hair and I want to fast track my transition by using Malibu C DDL. I realize I may need a toner afterward, but I wanted your thoughts. Also, would adding Olaplex No. 1 to the mixture help protect my hair in the stripping process?",
"Here is a post about direct dye removers:https://softerhair.com/direct-hair- dye-removers/ Malibu C DDL will remove temporary colors and it can be activated either by mixing it with a developer or water. This product is recommended for professional use. You might want to learn more by watching a video tutorial.",
"I did use a color remover on my hair which was a dark brown color which I didn’t like think it provoked color remover and the underlying color was kind of a mousey blonde my hair felt softer too saves dying my hair again",
"My natural color is a medium brown, and I was dying My hair red for a while. I used a color strip , and it turned my hair to a yellow and orange color. I put a soft lavender brown color on my hair.Im very pleased with the out come..The purple reacted and got rid off all the brassy.My hair is a ash blonde now..I will add that I washed the lavender out and conditioned it heavily to wash it out..In other words I didn’t let it set.",
"I am a redhead in my fifties, and have been covering white for several years with a copper blond color, and more recently with rose gold which is lighter. My roots now are almost pure white, so I am thinking of “going natural”, since white hair is popular. I tried Color Oops and it did pull out a lot of the color, but not all. My hair now is a yellowish blond, not bad, but not the white that I have in my new growth. I used purple shampoo to calm that a bit, but I don’t honestly know if all of my hair is white like the top, or if some of it still retains color. Would trying Color Oops again remove the remaining color and actually let my base white color show?",
"no this isn’t true!!! it does remove the pigment from your normal hair !!! I use color remover to lighten my hair because it damages wayyyyyy less than bleach and my hair is like dark brown and curly .",
"LOL sorry i take that back idk how to delete it . i used a different one from the ones you listed my bad . but! it doesn’t damage my hair nearly as much as when i’ve bleached it and it feels really good :))",
"Hi, my natural hair colour is mousy blonde and the past 3.5 years I have been colouring my hair black but now I want to go back to my natural colour or to dye it back to blonde, what is the best colour remover can I use to get rid of the black please, oh at the beginning it was bleached black but after few months I have been using Garnier Belle color permanent black, help needed thanks",
"my hair has been dyed alot. the last one is black with blue undertones. i hate it. my roots are a bit lighter blue. all salons are closed right now. i just bought 2 bottles of loreal paris colourist secrets hair colour remover. will this work on it. i want to eventually go to ash blonde or ash to start for summer",
"You need to color asap after using color remover and the one you mentioned is not gentle. Why not try some temporary solution until you will be able to visit the salon? There is a range of temporary root concealers to fix your roots if the roots are a concern. Also, color styling mouses can even your color and add texture and shine. They are just a temporary solution but are convenient to use and wash out with shampooing. They also provide conditioning benefits to colored hair, like yours. My latest post was about color styling mouses. I hope this will help.",
"I have been coloring my hair with Wella 12N (giving me a brassy golden blonde) and every other color use a toner as well. My hair is very dark brown at root. I want to go back to natural color, will the stripper help?",
"Yes and no. You will not get back to your natural color just by using a color stripper. But you can get a good base to apply a shade that is close to your natural color to make the transition easier. Your colorist will help you choose the right shade.",
"Hi, I have been coloring my silver gray roots for years with a medium dark brown box color. I was wondering if using a color remover to start the transition to gray would be an option. I have very long think hair. I’m looking for a gentle transition. So would a color remover and then use of a to ing shampoo be an option? I really don’t want want to cut all of my hair off.",
"No, a color remover will not be a solution if you are not planning to apply the color again. A lot of unwanted undertones will show up. I suggest a consultation with a skilled hair colorist to start the transition. You want to know you are in good hands before starting.",
"I find so many of the bad reviews are because we’re all conditioned to the important part of the process being when it’s sitting in your hair. Unlike dye, all the magic in color strippers, just as you said, is in the tedious rinsing/washing stage. You can always tell the people who are impatient & don’t read or follow directions thoroughly, but it’s the product’s fault, of course!",
"What I’m wondering, is how long of a window do you have from when you begin rinsing to the dye oxidizing again if you don’t get it all rinsed out? Obviously the 30 minutes, but does it stop once the hair is out of warm water or once the product is washed off & you’re done rinsing? I’ve seen people advise to keep washing over the next several days, but why bother if the only thing it’s accomplishing is drying your hair out?",
"I can not find the info I need anywhere on the internet and can not go to a salon. I hope you can help! My hair was bleached 2 years ago to almost platinum, to accommodate pastels. 6 months ago I used a semi red for base (like a manic panic) and then a semi brown. Which turned very dark. And has never washed/faded out. Can I use a colour remover at this point and what remaining colour could be expected, if I use it correctly? So I can anticipate what to do for the next step. Thank you in advance!",
"You should use an appropriate color remover for a semi red and semi browm color. The remover should be formulated to remove semi-permanent dyes. Your hair is probably very porous when it holds the semi-color for so long. Sometimes it is a challenge even for professional colorists to remove the semi-permanent color from overly porous, bleached hair. Shampooing with a clarifying shampoo might help a little. There is no guarantee that color remover will remove all the color, but there are chances that you get an acceptable base for a new color shade. Consider using a clear protein filler prior to the next coloring to even hair porosity and get more consistent results.",
"I don’t understand the part where they say that it won’t damage your hair. It does. It made mine insanely dry. Thankfully already bought things to deal with this because I knew it would happen. But I don’t understand why this ‘point’ would be in the article when it isn’t true.",
"A month or so ago I got a keratin straightening (NAK) Will using Color removers, remove the treatment? Thanks for your time!",
"I naturally have light brown hair, dyed it red last year with box dye, then like two weeks ago I decided to go black with box dye, decided I didn’t like it and kept it for a few days, used a color remover and I didn’t do it right so it didn’t work good, then dyed it red again on top of that, the red turned out dark almost black, then used color oops the correct way but I don’t know how long I should wait before dying it red again.. so far I been waiting for a week. My hair is currently like a light ginger color, but when it’s wet it looks dark and idk if that’s normal because my hair hasn’t been this color. Is it safe to put red box dye on it after using a color remover after a week of waiting?",
"Amazon Affiliate Disclosure: softerhair.com is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to amazon.com."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations | Softer Hair\n\nSkip to content\n\nSofter Hair\n\n# Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations\n\n### What’s Hair Color Remover?\n\nAn artificial hair color extractor, also called hair dye remover or hair color\nstripper, is highly effective and one of the least harmful ways to remove\nartificial color pigments from your hair. If your desire to look like Gwen\nStefani’s platinum pixie transformed into a “Yellow Submarine,” then read on!\n\nStealth Haircare Health: A color stripper is specially designed to remove\noxidative (permanent) dye from the hair. Color removing products generally\ndon’t contain ammonia or bleaching agents. If you select the right brand and\nonly use the product occasionally, it won’t cause significant damage to your\nhair.\n\nCommon Sense about the Scents: Color removers are suitable for use at home,\nbut ensure that you carefully follow the directions and apply the product\nproperly. The strong sulfur smell might be difficult for some people to\ntolerate, so washing your hair multiple times during the rinsing stage is\nadvised to reduce most of the smell. Have common sense about the scents!\n\n### When you Need to Use a Color Stripper?\n\n1\\. Color Chaos To Get Rid of Unwanted Color: If you tried a different brand\nof your desired shade and it came out darker than you wanted, a color stripper\nis your new BFF!. Or, if you dyed your natural blonde hair a darker color, but\ndon’t like the results, consider a color stripper as your rescue ranger! In\neither case, a hair dye remover is the most effective way to reverse an\nundesirable color application and achieve a good base for a new color.\n\n2\\. Pre-treating color remover: This product can be used to remove the build-\nup of previous color applications, making your hair ready for re-coloring and\nachieving the shade of your choice.\n\nBrands: Color Oops Hair Color Remover, VANISH Color Corrector, PRAVANA\nArtificial Hair Color Extractor, and Salerm Color Reverse. These products\ndon’t contain bleach, so they are milder on your hair than peroxide-containing\nformulas.\n\nBrands that contain bleach: Some brands like the L’OREAL Effasol Color\nRemover, Colorist Secrets Haircolor Remover, Redbook Color Changer, and Wella\nColor Charm Color Remover contain bleach in their formula.\n\nThe brand with color reinforcing technology\n\nSchwarzkopf Professional Bond Enforcing Color Remover can lift artificial\npigments up to 3 levels. It comes with a developer and Schwarzkopf\nProfessional Bond Sealer.\n\nThe mixture of color remover and the developer is supposed to stay in the hair\nfor 20 minutes. After rinsing the color remover, you need to apply the Bond\nSealer and leave it in the hair for up to 10 minutes. After rinsing the Bond\nSealer, your hair is ready for a new color application.\n\n### Makeover Moments: How Does a Color Remover Work?\n\nDuring the processing time, the color remover works by 1. Entering the hair\nshaft 2. Then breaking down the large color molecules that are deposited in\nthe hair by oxidative hair dyes. The particles of color molecules become small\nenough to be washed out from the hair. This product will not only remove the\nsynthetic pigments from the last color you applied but also from all the\nprevious dyes, too.\n\nBleaching Briefs: Dye remover won’t lighten your natural hair color because it\ndoesn’t contain bleach (there are some exceptions). This product is designed\nto only remove previously applied permanent hair dye pigments, without\nbleaching.\n\nHere’s a bleaching brief: This product won’t work if you’re trying to restore\nyour original natural color and you’ve used bleach in the past. Color remover\nwon’t restore your hair to its pre-bleached color because the natural pigment\nwithin your underlying virgin hair has been lightened and altered. Dye remover\nwill remove all the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the underlying\nlightened base.\n\nYouTube video by Porcelain: Black to Blonde Hair in 20 minutes! Color Oops\nDemo + Review\n\nDon’t expect a beautiful color after the color removal process is completed.\nHowever, you can attain the perfect base to dye your hair again to achieve\nyour desired color. That is what this product is designed for.\n\nColor Chameleons: Those who want to return to their natural color may be\ndisappointed by the results. Many people blame their color remover for leaving\nwarm undertones (This is why you hardly ever see a highly rated color\nremover). However, these undertones may be the result of the previous dying\nprocesses. Past underlying permanent dyes may have lifted some of the natural\npigments present in your hair and the color extractor just revealed this\nunsightly hair.\n\n### Color Transformers: Will a Color Remover Strip a Semi-Permanent Color?\n\nThis unique product doesn’t work on intense colors such as blues, bright reds,\npinks, purples, or greens. Sorry, rainbow guys and gals! It only works on dyes\nthat use peroxide developers, so it’s ineffective at removing direct dyes like\nhenna and other plant-based colors, as well as semi-permanent or temporary\ncolors.\n\nTrue Colors: You may have read some reports about the successful removal of\nsemi-permanent fashion colors using artificial hair color extractors; however,\nthey aren’t designed for that use. A possible explanation is that significant\nfading of vivid colors may be caused by shampooing multiple times with a\nclarifying shampoo and rinsing the hair with very warm water, more than solely\nby the action of the color remover.\n\nUpdate: Direct dye removers have been developed to help get rid of semi-\npermanent colors and allow for more experimenting with fashion colors.\n\n#### To summarize the typical color chameleon facts,\n\na. The outcome depends on your natural color and your hair coloring history.\n\nb. If you have been dying your naturally brown hair black, it may turn out a\nreddish-brown.\n\nc. If you have been dying your naturally golden blonde hair a dark brown, you\nprobably will end up with a slightly reddish blonde.\n\nd. If you have been dying your naturally dark hair a lighter shade, a color\nremover likely will alleviate the artificial dye from your hair and reveal the\nlightened base.\n\ne. If your hair was partially gray before permanent dying in a darker shade,\nyour white hair will possibly turn orange. You may need help from your\ncolorist to recolor or make the transition to your naturally gray hair.\n\n### Damage Control: Is a Dye Remover Damaging to Your Hair?\n\nFor the down low on damage control, keep in mind that color strippers remove\nonly the artificial dyes without altering the structure of your hair. Using\nthem is less damaging to your hair than applying bleach or ammonia-based\nproducts. However, subjecting the hair to shampooing multiple times and a lot\nof warm water rinsing can often deplete your hair of natural oils, leaving\nyour strand feeling dry. Using a conditioner afterward is a must! A deep\nconditioning treatment should be done to help restore moisture and softness.\nDo damage control to keep your hair on a hot roll!\n\nIf you only use a hair color extractor occasionally, you won’t experience any\nserious damage to your hair. Overusing color stripping products can leave your\nhair dry, porous, and prone to breakage. Since hair color extractors leave a\nraised cuticle layer, you may experience faster color fading after stripping\nyour hair.\n\nTo preserve the integrity of your hair, use hair color removers in moderation\nand select a brand that doesn’t contain bleach in the formula.\n\n## How to Use Color Removers: Fab 5 Steps:\n\nBe aware that a cold and drafty room is not an appropriate environment for\nusing a day remover. Also, make sure to protect your clothing and nearby\nsurfaces as the product could stain them. Always wear gloves and ensure all\nitems used are made of plastic or glass.\n\nStep 1– Shampoo your hair twice with a clarifying shampoo. Rinse and towel dry\nyour hair as it should be clean and damp prior to application. Some products\n(such as the JoBaz Hair Color Remover) should be applied to dry hair per\ninstruction. Your hair must be perfectly clean in both cases.\n\nStep 2– Dye remover kits come in two separate bottles containing an acid\nsolution and a sulfur-reducing agent. You need to follow directions and mix\nthem together to cause a chemical reaction.\n\nStep 3– In the application stage, you need to work fast because once the\nsolutions are mixed together the product starts losing its effectiveness.\nUsing a tint brush immediately apply the mixture to the hair. If you have long\nhair, you may find it easier to pour the product into your gloved hand and\napply it with your fingertips. Use a wide-toothed plastic comb to ensure even\ndistribution.\n\nStep 4– Once the hair is well saturated with the mixture, put a processing cap\nover your hair, and apply medium heat for 20 minutes. You can use a blow dryer\nto keep your hair warm. Applying heat helps open the cuticle and accelerate\ncolor removal. If you don’t use the blow dryer, wrap the plastic cap with a\ntowel to keep your hair warm.\n\nStep 5– The rinsing stage is the most important part of the process and must\nbe done properly. During this step, you wash out the color particles from the\nhair. Shampoo and thoroughly rinse by directing the water into the hair\nmultiple times. Each shampoo should be followed by a long warm rinse to keep\nthe cuticles open. If you use cold water, the product won’t work. If you don’t\nrinse your hair well enough, the color particles that remain in your hair will\noxidize in the air and expand again. When you do not completely flush color\nparticles out, you may experience unwanted re-darkening and return to the\nunwanted color within 24-48 hours after use. The extra rinsing also helps with\nwashing away the strong, unpleasant smell of the product.\n\nYour hair will be a bit dry after multiple shampooing, so apply a good amount\nof conditioner and leave it for several minutes to combat the dryness. A\nneutral protein filler should be applied to seal the cuticles back.\n\n### Closing the cycle: Recoloring\n\nAlthough the directions on the box say that you can dye your hair the same\nday, I would recommend letting your hair rest for several days before dying\nit. If your previous color applications left your hair dry and overly porous,\nthis condition will become even more obvious after using a color remover. If\nyou choose to apply permanent hair dye immediately following the color removal\nprocess, you need to select a color that is at least 2 levels lighter than you\nwant, because the coloring of extremely porous hair will produce darker and\nmore intense results than intended.\n\nIf you wish to re-color your striped hair the same day, it is advisable to\napply a temporary or semi-permanent hair color closest to your natural shade\nand tone and wait at least a week before applying a permanent dye. This will\nallow the porosity of your hair to decrease a bit.\n\nIf you decide just to wait for the roots to grow out, using a “purple” shampoo\nwill help keep the brassiness away.\n\n### RELATED POSTS:\n\n * Hair Pre-Color Treatments and Products\n\n * Direct Hair Dye Removers for Easier Switching...\n\n * Keratin Bond Hair Extensions – Advantages,...\n\n * Temporary Hair Dyes: Types, Advantages, and Limitations\n\n * The Best Products to Maintain Blonde Hair\n\n * How to Care for Your Platinum Hair Between Salon Visits\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n44 shares\n\n * Share9\n * Tweet\n * Reddit\n * Pocket\n * Email\n\nCategories Hair Coloring\n\n### 40 thoughts on “Hair Color Removers- Benefits and Limitations”\n\n 1. Therese\n\nMarch 20, 2018 at 2:15 pm\n\nI’ve only dyed my hair once. I’m naturally a medium brown color, and I died my\nhair black about 3 months ago. I used permanent dye, but I haven’t retouched\nit yet (I only dyed it the original time). I’m sick of the color, and I’m\nreally hoping I can get close to my natural hair color because I’ve only dyed\nit once. Any suggestions? (I’m also trying to avoid a red tint)\n\n 2. Gaga\n\nMarch 22, 2018 at 10:40 pm\n\nA color remover wouldn’t resolve the problem except you plan to dye your hair\nagain. Consider consulting an experienced colorist.\n\n 3. ALicia Anderson\n\nMarch 24, 2018 at 7:33 pm\n\nYes, you can remove it my hair is naturally medium brown color I dyed it\nburgundy to black I used color oops the first time it took all the black out\nand my hair was burgundy since I had dyed it that color before the black I\nused color Oops Hair again and it came back to my natural hair color with no\nred tints but just make sure you rinse your hair completely to remove all the\ncolor. Since you’ve only dyed it once it’s less color to remove and not layers\non top of layers.\n\n 4. ALicia Anderson\n\nMarch 24, 2018 at 7:34 pm\n\nOH and not to mention the black and burgundy we’re both permanent colors.\n\n 5. Kersten Parrella\n\nMarch 29, 2018 at 7:21 pm\n\nMy hair is naturally medium to dark blonde. A couple of weeks ago I tried box\ndying it lighter blonde because in the winter my natural lighter highlights\nfade and it looked more brown than blonde. Anyways this golden blonde L’Oreal\nbox dye turned my lighter blonde hair orange and my darker blonde hair red. I\nwent to an Aveda salon and asked for them to fix the red/orange and I wanted a\nnatural blonde look with highlights and lowlights. They told me they couldn’t\nfix the orange/red immediately, and they did this: -they highlighted my hair\n(to break up the red) -and then toned/added a gloss for about 8 minutes to\ncounteract the red\n\nOne thing I noticed was the stylists said my hair “took” really well to the\nhighlight and it brought some neutral blonde tones, which I like. However,\nother than that, my hair is still orange/red.\n\nWhat I would like to know is: 1. Did the salon do the best they could to\nremove the red/orange, or were they being too conservative with my hair? If\nso, what should I ask to be done at another salon to achieve the best and\nquickest results possible? 2. I tried buying purple shampoos and toners and\nnothing seems to be working on my hair! Should I try using a color stripping\ntreatment like Pravana? Given my situation, would that only make my hair more\norange/red, or would it help to remove that artificial color to my natural\ndark blonde?\n\n 6. Pat Hammond\n\nMay 14, 2018 at 8:39 pm\n\nNo; I haven’t asked her yet to remove the color. Also, on the downside, she\njust started being a hairdresser.\n\n 7. Jams\n\nSeptember 13, 2018 at 1:30 pm\n\nI use a color remover to get the ginger color out of my dark blonde hair. It\nworked pretty well but is still a little red/gold. I’m going to dye over it,\nbut I’m not sure what developer to use. 10 or 20? Any suggestions?\n\n 8. Sue\n\nNovember 12, 2018 at 5:48 pm\n\nIt says on the Colour Oops box that it DOES remove semi-permanent.\n\n 9. MCgee\n\nDecember 1, 2018 at 11:39 pm\n\nHello everyone, my Asian hair was bleached back in 2014. then used medium\nbrown to cover my white hair. If I use color remover, is it correct that my\nhair will go back to the color when I bleached it (which is orangey goldy-\nish)? If yes, I am also looking at using toner instead, because I want to go\nblonde and then silver-white then transition to gray-white. I want to stop\nusing hair dye after I have achieved the silver or white color on my hair. Any\nthoughts? I learned a lot from this forum. Super thanks for sharing!\n\n 10. laura\n\nJuly 19, 2019 at 8:23 am\n\nhello! I am naturally brunette, I bleached my hair around 6 months ago, by\nprofessionals. yesterday, I decided to box dye my hair brown again. I fully\nregret it, so I was thinking of using a hair color remover. I’m not sure how\nit will turn up, and I want to go back blonde too if possible. any suggestions\nwould be good. thanks!\n\n 11. Zred\n\nJuly 21, 2019 at 4:48 pm\n\nHi~ I’m trying not to damage my hair too much so I waited for like one more\nfor the second bleach. and another month for color application. however, the\ncolor wasn’t up to expectations. my normal hair color is black. after first\nbleach it became brown. after the second bleach, it became light brown. after\napplying a light pink dye, it became dark rose gold. if I use bleach on this\ncolor, will it go back to light brown? or will it be even lighter?\n\n 12. Gaga\n\nJuly 22, 2019 at 12:08 am\n\nI suggest consulting an experienced colorist in your area to ensure you are\nusing the best lightening solutions and determine what is the right base for\nyour desired color. You can strip golden rose color using hair color remover\nand then continue with lightening sessions until you reach the right base for\nthe color you want. If you are not sure that you have made the right choice of\ncolor, use semi-permanent color until you are ready for permanent coloring. If\nyou’re getting your hair colored at the salon, choose a salon that uses a\nbond-building product like Olaplex to reduce the damaging effect of bleaching\nand coloring.\n\n 13. Nikki\n\nAugust 10, 2019 at 1:53 am\n\nhave naturally black hair that I had gotten it done by someone who I don’t\nthink used bleach. She had dyed streaks of red and brown to my hair and I\nrealized that I don’t like it and I want my natural color back without waiting\nlong for it to regrow. I searched for many remedies to remove artificial hair\ncolor but always was scared that I would lose all my hair. I found color oops\nand read many reviews, some said it was great, some hated it and I am scared\nif I buy it and then it breaks off all my hair. I have straight to wavy hair\nand it is long. I don’t know if I should try it but at the same time, I don’t\nwant to re-dye it. Is it safe? Will it remove all the artificial so I am back\nwith my natural black hair? Since I didn’t use bleach, will it go back to its\noriginal color?\n\n 14. Gaga\n\nAugust 11, 2019 at 5:15 am\n\nIf you follow instructions and Color Oops will not damage your hair. Color\nOops takes out the last color and makes your hair absorbent to another color.\nThe product will remove hair dye but not your natural color. You will get a\nbase to re-color and you can choose a shade closest to your natural color.\nConsult ann experienced colorist in your area. Since your hair is black and\nyou don’t want to go lighter you might don’t have to use color remover at all.\n\n 15. Ritika\n\nSeptember 1, 2019 at 3:37 am\n\nThanks a million.I got precise info on non-bleach containing color stripping\nproducts on your website\n\n 16. Christine Battaglia\n\nOctober 18, 2019 at 10:55 pm\n\nI’ve been getting highlights for many years to my thin mousey brown shoulder-\nlength hair. My hair can be broken in some areas but not too bad. Sometimes\nthey would give me brown lowlights, or brown roots. In between highlights.\nThen I had the salon dye my brown. The dark brown dye she used was a demi. But\nit looks black and washes out my face. It’s been around 2 1/2 weeks and I hate\nit. In my situation what would the nonbleach color remover do to my hair? The\ncolorist suggested using it. But colorist has ruined my hair in the past. I\nneed to get back to brown hair with a lot of highlights.\n\n 17. Gaga\n\nOctober 19, 2019 at 3:22 am\n\nYou can use a color remover to remove artificial pigment. You will get a good\nbase for applying a new shade. To get back to brown hair with a lot of\nhighlights you need to re-color. You might want to find a hair professional\nthat you will trust.\n\n 18. Lynn\n\nNovember 25, 2019 at 7:15 pm\n\nWould a direct dye lifter such as Malibu C DDL and 20 developer work on\nremoving temporary colors? I have gray hair and I want to fast track my\ntransition by using Malibu C DDL. I realize I may need a toner afterward, but\nI wanted your thoughts. Also, would adding Olaplex No. 1 to the mixture help\nprotect my hair in the stripping process?\n\n 19. Gaga\n\nDecember 2, 2019 at 7:34 am\n\nHere is a post about direct dye removers:https://softerhair.com/direct-hair-\ndye-removers/ Malibu C DDL will remove temporary colors and it can be\nactivated either by mixing it with a developer or water. This product is\nrecommended for professional use. You might want to learn more by watching a\nvideo tutorial.\n\n 20. Karen Willis\n\nDecember 28, 2019 at 8:24 am\n\nI did use a color remover on my hair which was a dark brown color which I\ndidn’t like think it provoked color remover and the underlying color was kind\nof a mousey blonde my hair felt softer too saves dying my hair again\n\n 21. Charla Grisham\n\nFebruary 2, 2020 at 5:48 am\n\nMy natural color is a medium brown, and I was dying My hair red for a while. I\nused a color strip , and it turned my hair to a yellow and orange color. I put\na soft lavender brown color on my hair.Im very pleased with the out come..The\npurple reacted and got rid off all the brassy.My hair is a ash blonde now..I\nwill add that I washed the lavender out and conditioned it heavily to wash it\nout..In other words I didn’t let it set.\n\n 22. Haley Manis\n\nApril 20, 2020 at 1:22 am\n\nAfter removing the hair dye do you need to tone it if your natural color is\nblonde?\n\n 23. EMJL\n\nApril 20, 2020 at 3:28 pm\n\nI am a redhead in my fifties, and have been covering white for several years\nwith a copper blond color, and more recently with rose gold which is lighter.\nMy roots now are almost pure white, so I am thinking of “going natural”, since\nwhite hair is popular. I tried Color Oops and it did pull out a lot of the\ncolor, but not all. My hair now is a yellowish blond, not bad, but not the\nwhite that I have in my new growth. I used purple shampoo to calm that a bit,\nbut I don’t honestly know if all of my hair is white like the top, or if some\nof it still retains color. Would trying Color Oops again remove the remaining\ncolor and actually let my base white color show?\n\n 24. Gaga\n\nApril 21, 2020 at 10:53 pm\n\nYes. You need to tone it as the color you get doesn’t look very good.\n\n 25. sydney\n\nApril 24, 2020 at 2:56 pm\n\nno this isn’t true!!! it does remove the pigment from your normal hair !!! I\nuse color remover to lighten my hair because it damages wayyyyyy less than\nbleach and my hair is like dark brown and curly .\n\n 26. sydney\n\nApril 24, 2020 at 3:01 pm\n\nLOL sorry i take that back idk how to delete it . i used a different one from\nthe ones you listed my bad . but! it doesn’t damage my hair nearly as much as\nwhen i’ve bleached it and it feels really good :))\n\n 27. Sandra Shrimplin\n\nApril 24, 2020 at 5:57 pm\n\nHi, my natural hair colour is mousy blonde and the past 3.5 years I have been\ncolouring my hair black but now I want to go back to my natural colour or to\ndye it back to blonde, what is the best colour remover can I use to get rid of\nthe black please, oh at the beginning it was bleached black but after few\nmonths I have been using Garnier Belle color permanent black, help needed\nthanks\n\n 28. Sarah Bettencourt\n\nApril 30, 2020 at 7:15 pm\n\nmy hair has been dyed alot. the last one is black with blue undertones. i hate\nit. my roots are a bit lighter blue. all salons are closed right now. i just\nbought 2 bottles of loreal paris colourist secrets hair colour remover. will\nthis work on it. i want to eventually go to ash blonde or ash to start for\nsummer\n\n 29. Gaga\n\nMay 1, 2020 at 1:44 am\n\nYou need to color asap after using color remover and the one you mentioned is\nnot gentle. Why not try some temporary solution until you will be able to\nvisit the salon? There is a range of temporary root concealers to fix your\nroots if the roots are a concern. Also, color styling mouses can even your\ncolor and add texture and shine. They are just a temporary solution but are\nconvenient to use and wash out with shampooing. They also provide conditioning\nbenefits to colored hair, like yours. My latest post was about color styling\nmouses. I hope this will help.\n\n 30. Angie Westback\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 4:16 pm\n\nI have been coloring my hair with Wella 12N (giving me a brassy golden blonde)\nand every other color use a toner as well. My hair is very dark brown at root.\nI want to go back to natural color, will the stripper help?\n\n 31. Gaga\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 6:12 pm\n\nYes and no. You will not get back to your natural color just by using a color\nstripper. But you can get a good base to apply a shade that is close to your\nnatural color to make the transition easier. Your colorist will help you\nchoose the right shade.\n\n 32. Carolyn\n\nAugust 23, 2020 at 11:54 pm\n\nHi, I have been coloring my silver gray roots for years with a medium dark\nbrown box color. I was wondering if using a color remover to start the\ntransition to gray would be an option. I have very long think hair. I’m\nlooking for a gentle transition. So would a color remover and then use of a to\ning shampoo be an option? I really don’t want want to cut all of my hair off.\n\n 33. Gaga\n\nAugust 24, 2020 at 4:35 am\n\nNo, a color remover will not be a solution if you are not planning to apply\nthe color again. A lot of unwanted undertones will show up. I suggest a\nconsultation with a skilled hair colorist to start the transition. You want to\nknow you are in good hands before starting.\n\n 34. AnitaTaco\n\nSeptember 25, 2020 at 4:11 am\n\nI find so many of the bad reviews are because we’re all conditioned to the\nimportant part of the process being when it’s sitting in your hair. Unlike\ndye, all the magic in color strippers, just as you said, is in the tedious\nrinsing/washing stage. You can always tell the people who are impatient &\ndon’t read or follow directions thoroughly, but it’s the product’s fault, of\ncourse!\n\nWhat I’m wondering, is how long of a window do you have from when you begin\nrinsing to the dye oxidizing again if you don’t get it all rinsed out?\nObviously the 30 minutes, but does it stop once the hair is out of warm water\nor once the product is washed off & you’re done rinsing? I’ve seen people\nadvise to keep washing over the next several days, but why bother if the only\nthing it’s accomplishing is drying your hair out?\n\n 35. MelBel\n\nJanuary 31, 2021 at 3:18 am\n\nI can not find the info I need anywhere on the internet and can not go to a\nsalon. I hope you can help! My hair was bleached 2 years ago to almost\nplatinum, to accommodate pastels. 6 months ago I used a semi red for base\n(like a manic panic) and then a semi brown. Which turned very dark. And has\nnever washed/faded out. Can I use a colour remover at this point and what\nremaining colour could be expected, if I use it correctly? So I can anticipate\nwhat to do for the next step. Thank you in advance!\n\n 36. Gaga\n\nFebruary 2, 2021 at 11:00 am\n\nYou should use an appropriate color remover for a semi red and semi browm\ncolor. The remover should be formulated to remove semi-permanent dyes. Your\nhair is probably very porous when it holds the semi-color for so long.\nSometimes it is a challenge even for professional colorists to remove the\nsemi-permanent color from overly porous, bleached hair. Shampooing with a\nclarifying shampoo might help a little. There is no guarantee that color\nremover will remove all the color, but there are chances that you get an\nacceptable base for a new color shade. Consider using a clear protein filler\nprior to the next coloring to even hair porosity and get more consistent\nresults.\n\n 37. Rebekah\n\nFebruary 28, 2021 at 10:16 pm\n\nI don’t understand the part where they say that it won’t damage your hair. It\ndoes. It made mine insanely dry. Thankfully already bought things to deal with\nthis because I knew it would happen. But I don’t understand why this ‘point’\nwould be in the article when it isn’t true.\n\n 38. Lucan\n\nApril 9, 2021 at 3:26 am\n\nA month or so ago I got a keratin straightening (NAK) Will using Color\nremovers, remove the treatment? Thanks for your time!\n\n 39. Gaga\n\nApril 15, 2021 at 10:31 pm\n\nUsing color removers will certainly affect your keratin treatment and shorten\nits longevity.\n\n 40. Cynthia\n\nMay 5, 2021 at 7:29 am\n\nI naturally have light brown hair, dyed it red last year with box dye, then\nlike two weeks ago I decided to go black with box dye, decided I didn’t like\nit and kept it for a few days, used a color remover and I didn’t do it right\nso it didn’t work good, then dyed it red again on top of that, the red turned\nout dark almost black, then used color oops the correct way but I don’t know\nhow long I should wait before dying it red again.. so far I been waiting for a\nweek. My hair is currently like a light ginger color, but when it’s wet it\nlooks dark and idk if that’s normal because my hair hasn’t been this color. Is\nit safe to put red box dye on it after using a color remover after a week of\nwaiting?\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n * 8 Tricks to Make Semi-Permanent Dye Last\n * Shampoo Wars: Bar or Bottle?\n * Six Differences between Keratin Treatment and Japanese Hair Straightening\n * How to Care for Your Platinum Hair Between Salon Visits\n * 12 Oils that May Stimulate Hair Growth\n * Silver Hair Upkeep: Washing, Conditioning, Toning, and Reinforcing\n * All About Balayage Hair Straight from a Hairstylist\n\n## Categories\n\n * Aftercare Tips for Chemically Straightened Hair (7)\n * Botox for Hair (5)\n * Frizzy Hair Treatments (14)\n * Hair Care (44)\n * Hair Coloring (44)\n * Hair Extensions and Wigs (11)\n * Hair Growth (1)\n * Hair Oils (6)\n * Hair Straightening Treatments (15)\n * Hair Styling (18)\n * Perms (2)\n * Scalp Care (9)\n * Softer, Silkier Hair (12)\n * Sulfate-Free Hair Shampoos (46)\n\nAmazon Affiliate Disclosure: softerhair.com is a participant in the Amazon\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\nto amazon.com.\n\n"
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"title": "Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin",
"passages": [
"I color my hair at home, and always end up with dye on my forehead and ears, which can stain your skin. I have tried to put petroleum jelly on my hairline, but it would get in my hair and stop the dye from taking. Anyway, I had the idea of using masking tape (the paper, low stick kind) on the skin around my hair line and it works really well, giving me a much more professional look. I have suggested it to friends and it works well for them too. It is a time and skin saver. It is a bit fiddly to get the hang of, but gives awesome results.",
"To prevent my ears/neck/hairline from getting covered in tell-tale dye spots when I dye my hair, I smear vaseline on them.",
"Okay guys, I have been using black dye for 5+ years now and I always get covered in it, but NO MORE! Before applying, clip hairline back, and cover your face and neck entirely in Vaseline. Put on hands and arms before wearing gloves. Even hours after, a warm soapy cloth washed over stained areas, and VOILA! Gone from anywhere that's human skin.",
"Ask a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to see the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.",
"I see how to get hair dye off the skin as a question a lot in the feedback. How do you keep it off in the first place so you don't have to work to take it off.",
"I love colors from purple, to pink, to green, or blue hair. I used to bleach and dye it in high school, but got tired of the constant staining of the back of my neck and ears when I let my hair down after being dry. Any tips from those who regularly do this and don't seem to have that trouble?",
"When you think you are done rinsing, rinse some more. That's usually the main problem. If that doesn't work, use just a tiny bit of shampoo after you rinse well to do a light shampoo. Then blot your hair as dry as possible.",
"My hairdresser always puts a layer of Vaseline petroleum jelly around my hairline, ears and back of my neck and I have never had stains on my skin. She just wipes it all off when she shampoos the color out. Hope this helps."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin | ThriftyFun\n\nMenu Ask a Question Share a Post Account Search\n\nsocial\n\n# Keeping Hair Dye Off Your Skin\n\n0\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nFlag\n\nSave\n\nFollow\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n### Tip: Masking Tape For Coloring Hair\n\nBy happy ending [6 Posts, 9 Comments]\n\nNovember 11, 2010\n\nI color my hair at home, and always end up with dye on my forehead and ears,\nwhich can stain your skin. I have tried to put petroleum jelly on my hairline,\nbut it would get in my hair and stop the dye from taking. Anyway, I had the\nidea of using masking tape (the paper, low stick kind) on the skin around my\nhair line and it works really well, giving me a much more professional look. I\nhave suggested it to friends and it works well for them too. It is a time and\nskin saver. It is a bit fiddly to get the hang of, but gives awesome results.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nBy happy ending from Geraldton, Western Australia\n\nComment Was this helpful? 11\n\n#### Comments\n\nRead More Comments\n\n## 4 More Solutions\n\nShare on ThriftyFunThis page contains the following solutions. Have something\nto add? Please share your solution!\n\n### Tip: Keeping Hair Dye Off Skin\n\nFebruary 14, 2005\n\nTo prevent my ears/neck/hairline from getting covered in tell-tale dye spots\nwhen I dye my hair, I smear vaseline on them.\n\nComment Was this helpful? Yes\n\nRead More...\n\n### Tip: Vaseline for Preventing Hair Dye Stains\n\nBy jen21again [1 Post, 1 Comment]\n\nOctober 9, 2019\n\nOkay guys, I have been using black dye for 5+ years now and I always get\ncovered in it, but NO MORE! Before applying, clip hairline back, and cover\nyour face and neck entirely in Vaseline. Put on hands and arms before wearing\ngloves. Even hours after, a warm soapy cloth washed over stained areas, and\nVOILA! Gone from anywhere that's human skin.\n\nComment Was this helpful? Yes\n\n## Questions\n\nAsk a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to\nsee the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\n\n### Question: Preventing Hair Dye From Getting On Skin?\n\nBy Susan Sanders-Kinzel [9 Posts, 2,461 Comments]\n\nAugust 19, 2006\n\nI see how to get hair dye off the skin as a question a lot in the feedback.\nHow do you keep it off in the first place so you don't have to work to take it\noff.\n\nSusan from Port Orchard, WA\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Jaelyn (Guest Post)\n\nAugust 19, 20060 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nPut vaseline around the hairline and the dye can't stick. I've tried it and it\nreally works!\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Question: Keeping Temporary Hair Dye from Staining Neck?\n\nBy lolstarbuckslol [2 Posts]\n\nJune 12, 2013\n\nI love colors from purple, to pink, to green, or blue hair. I used to bleach\nand dye it in high school, but got tired of the constant staining of the back\nof my neck and ears when I let my hair down after being dry. Any tips from\nthose who regularly do this and don't seem to have that trouble?\n\nBy VA\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Kat [7 Posts, 238 Comments]\n\nJune 14, 20130 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nWhen you think you are done rinsing, rinse some more. That's usually the main\nproblem. If that doesn't work, use just a tiny bit of shampoo after you rinse\nwell to do a light shampoo. Then blot your hair as dry as possible.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy cettina [78 Posts, 393 Comments]\n\nJune 14, 20130 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nMy hairdresser always puts a layer of Vaseline petroleum jelly around my\nhairline, ears and back of my neck and I have never had stains on my skin. She\njust wipes it all off when she shampoos the color out. Hope this helps.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\nCategories\n\nHealth & Beauty Beauty Skin Care AdviceAugust 8, 2012\n\nPages\n\nRemoving Hair Dye Stains on Nails?\n\nRemedies for Bags Under Your Eyes\n\nGetting Hair Dye Off Skin\n\nRemoving Hair Dye from a Bathroom Sink\n\nGetting Rid of Pimples Quickly\n\nGentle Hair Dye Advice?\n\nMore\n\n🍂\n\nThanksgiving Ideas!\n\n🎄\n\nChristmas Ideas!\n\n😷\n\nCoronavirus Tips\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest\n\nYouTube\n\nInstagram\n\nContests!\n\nNewsletters\n\nAsk a Question\n\nShare a Post\n\nCategories\n\nBetter LivingBudget & FinanceBusiness and LegalComputersConsumer\nAdviceCoronavirusCraftsEducationEntertainmentFood and RecipesHealth &\nBeautyHolidays and PartiesHome and GardenMake Your\nOwnOrganizingParentingPetsPhotosTravel and RecreationWeddings\n\nPublished by ThriftyFun. Desktop Page | View Mobile Disclaimer | Privacy\nPolicy | Contact Us Generated 2020-11-11 09:43:02 in 3 secs. ⛅️️ © 1997-2020\nby Cumuli, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\nhttps://www.thriftyfun.com/tf592880.tip.html\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423142503/https://www.hairromance.com/2015/06/reader-question-simple-hair-care-tips-for-dyed-blonde-hair.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair",
"passages": [
"Blonde hair can be high maintenance and that often comes with a high price tag. Here are some simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair that won’t cost you a lot.",
"I’ve been colouring my hair for years and going from blonde to red hair I admitted I was obsessed with being a blonde and have recently gone back to blonde with Olaplex.",
"I recently went from several years of red hair (my hair is naturally black), with a good amount of gray, to blonde. Although, I love the blonde color and get lots of compliments on it, I am, for the first time ever, experiencing extremely dry, frizzy hair. I need HELP. Also, don’t have money to spare. Please tell me what I can do. THANK YOU.",
"Being blonde does come with a high maintenance price tag but you can simplify your routine. The process of lightening your hair makes the hair shaft thicker and dries out your hair. It’s a side effect of dyed blonde hair which is great if you have oily, fine hair but needs extra care to keep it looking good.",
"Do a weekly deep conditioning treatment. Your normal conditioner isn’t enough to nourish your hair after all that you put it through to be blonde. Add in a weekly masque to your hair care routine. I love salon treatments but you can find some great cheaper brands such as Schwarzkopf 60 second treatments.",
"DIY a hair masque. If you want to save money, a great natural treatment is coconut oil. You can do a masque treatment before you wash your hair. Apply coconut oil to the ends of your hair and massage it through your hair. Leave it for 10 minutes, an hour or overnight if you like. (Put a towel on your pillow and clip up your hair for overnight!) Rinse and shampoo the oil out and then condition your hair after as normal.",
"Take a break from heat styling. If you hair is dry and damaged, put the straighteners down. I would also avoid any heat styling where possible as this will further damage your hair and make it dry. If you must style your hair then please use a heat protectant spray.",
"Switching the colour of your hair drastically affects more than just your hair so here are 5 tips to cope with a major hair colour change.",
"Have you got any other hair care tips for dyed blonde hair for Karen? Let me know in the comments. You can also ask any other hair questions too.",
"I’d highly recommend having a professional treatment whenever you go to the hairdresser for a blow dry. Yes, it’s a bit extra to pay, but it’s so worth it for how beautiful and soft and lush your hair feels afterwards. (PS: I love you as a blonde – totally gorgeous. x)",
"I used to be blonde before I went red for most of my teens and early 20’s. I used to do weekly treatments, wash and condition my hair with salon recommended products ( which I then found could be bought in bulk at a hair care warehouse store). Having red hair is easy maintenance for me and cost effective. I would love to go back to blonde one day though. X",
"Great tip Bec, I buy a lot of prods from beauty supply stores too. Red hair is definitely easier maintenance than blonde, I may switch back in the future 🙂",
"Hi, I'm Christina and welcome to Hair Romance. Here you’ll find tutorials, tips and beauty advice to help you to love your best accessory: your hair. Find out more here...",
"Learn how to braid your own hair, style your curls and have new hairstyles every day with Hair Romance's ebooks."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Reader Question - Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair - Hair Romance\n\nHair Romance\n\nHair Blog - Hair Tutorials - Curly Hairstyles and more\n\n# Reader Question – Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair\n\nJune 5, 2015 By Hair Romance 4 Comments\n\nBlonde hair can be high maintenance and that often comes with a high price\ntag. Here are some simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair that won’t cost\nyou a lot.\n\nI’ve been colouring my hair for years and going from blonde to red hair I\nadmitted I was obsessed with being a blonde and have recently gone back to\nblonde with Olaplex.\n\nKaren recently wrote to me about her new hair colour:\n\n> I recently went from several years of red hair (my hair is naturally black),\n> with a good amount of gray, to blonde. Although, I love the blonde color and\n> get lots of compliments on it, I am, for the first time ever, experiencing\n> extremely dry, frizzy hair. I need HELP. Also, don’t have money to spare.\n> Please tell me what I can do. THANK YOU.\n\nThat is a big colour change Karen!\n\nBeing blonde does come with a high maintenance price tag but you can simplify\nyour routine. The process of lightening your hair makes the hair shaft thicker\nand dries out your hair. It’s a side effect of dyed blonde hair which is great\nif you have oily, fine hair but needs extra care to keep it looking good.\n\n## Simple hair care tips for dyed blonde hair\n\n * Do a weekly deep conditioning treatment. Your normal conditioner isn’t enough to nourish your hair after all that you put it through to be blonde. Add in a weekly masque to your hair care routine. I love salon treatments but you can find some great cheaper brands such as Schwarzkopf 60 second treatments.\n * DIY a hair masque. If you want to save money, a great natural treatment is coconut oil. You can do a masque treatment before you wash your hair. Apply coconut oil to the ends of your hair and massage it through your hair. Leave it for 10 minutes, an hour or overnight if you like. (Put a towel on your pillow and clip up your hair for overnight!) Rinse and shampoo the oil out and then condition your hair after as normal.\n * Take a break from heat styling. If you hair is dry and damaged, put the straighteners down. I would also avoid any heat styling where possible as this will further damage your hair and make it dry. If you must style your hair then please use a heat protectant spray.\n\nIf you’re looking for a treatment then check out these cult products that\nsaved my damaged hair.\n\nSwitching the colour of your hair drastically affects more than just your hair\nso here are 5 tips to cope with a major hair colour change.\n\nHave you got any other hair care tips for dyed blonde hair for Karen? Let me\nknow in the comments. You can also ask any other hair questions too.\n\n### You may also like...\n\nNo related posts.\n\nFiled Under: Blondes, Hair Care, Hair Romance, Reader Question\n\n« Reader Question – How to style curly bangs / fringes\n\nWhat happens at a blogging workshop »\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Sonia from Sonia Styling says\n\nJune 5, 2015 at 1:28 pm\n\nI’d highly recommend having a professional treatment whenever you go to the\nhairdresser for a blow dry. Yes, it’s a bit extra to pay, but it’s so worth it\nfor how beautiful and soft and lush your hair feels afterwards. (PS: I love\nyou as a blonde – totally gorgeous. x)\n\nReply\n\n * Hair Romance says\n\nJune 6, 2015 at 10:48 pm\n\nThanks beautiful 🙂 and excellent tip! Salon treatments are amazing x\n\nReply\n\n 2. Bec @ The Plumbette says\n\nJune 7, 2015 at 3:50 pm\n\nI used to be blonde before I went red for most of my teens and early 20’s. I\nused to do weekly treatments, wash and condition my hair with salon\nrecommended products ( which I then found could be bought in bulk at a hair\ncare warehouse store). Having red hair is easy maintenance for me and cost\neffective. I would love to go back to blonde one day though. X\n\nReply\n\n * Hair Romance says\n\nJune 7, 2015 at 5:28 pm\n\nGreat tip Bec, I buy a lot of prods from beauty supply stores too. Red hair is\ndefinitely easier maintenance than blonde, I may switch back in the future 🙂\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n#### HAIR ROMANCE – LOVE YOUR HAIR\n\nHi, I'm Christina and welcome to Hair Romance. Here you’ll find tutorials,\ntips and beauty advice to help you to love your best accessory: your hair.\nFind out more here...\n\n#### Search Hair Romance\n\n#### SHOP HAIR ROMANCE\n\nLearn how to braid your own hair, style your curls and have new hairstyles\nevery day with Hair Romance's ebooks.\n\n#### ARCHIVES\n\n#### HAIR ROMANCE\n\nAll information copyright Hair RomanceTM 2010-2021. Hair Romance is a\nregistered Trademark.\n\n#### QUICK LINKS\n\nHome About Braid Now course 30 Days of Curly Hairstyles Advertise Contact\nPrivacy\n\n#### CONTACT\n\nEmail: thehair[at]hairromance[dot]com\n\nMail: PO Box 1288, Darlinghurst NSW 1300\n\nTwitter: @hairromance Instagram: @hairromance\n\nCopyright Christina Butcher 2020\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210630180229/https://www.instyle.com/hair/two-ingredient-diy-semi-permanent-hair-dye-remover",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Remove Color From Hair",
"passages": [
"Each product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our editorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn commission.",
"Hair color experimentation is practically a rite of passage, and especially in the times of COVID-19 and quarantine, going for a bold color was encouraged. In fact, it was practically the norm — just look at all the celebrities who experimented during quarantine.",
"But whether the experimentation goes awry or you're just sick of the color, there's a pretty good chance you're not going to want the color to last forever. And the good news is, it won't. But for those times when you just can't rid your hair fast enough of the color, there may be a few ways to partially or fully remove the hair color. Read on for expert tips and DIY treatments to remove color once it's lost its shine.",
"The answer is — and I know this isn't what you wanted to hear — it depends. Professional colorist and Matrix brand ambassador Rachel Bodt says it depends on the type of product used to color your hair. She says that henna and some boxed color stains can be very difficult to lift from the hair because of where they sit on the hair shafts, while temporary colors and glosses are easier to remove. She adds that it also comes down to the type of hair you have.",
"\"It depends on how porous the hair is and how many coats of color you are trying to remove,\" she tells InStyle. \"I would also suggest staying away from removing color with bleach at home.\"",
"She also strongly urges not attempting to dull it with a lighter box color. But there are some products you can use that are much safer and more effective. You should also be cognizant of your hair texture before getting aggressive with your treatment. Pick products that are gentle, yet effective, to avoid causing further damage.",
"Again, it totally depends on the type of product used and hair that you have, but according to Bodt, there are some methods you can try. She suggests using a product that contains vitamin C or sulfate to \"loosen the color.\" Try the Oribe Color Power drops ($58; nordstrom.com) which contain vitamin C, and the Sulfur-8 Deep Cleaning Shampoo ($8; walmart.com).",
"\"These help open the hair up so the color starts to fade naturally,\" she tells us. If you have textured hair, try a clarifying shampoo, like the Pattern Clarifying Shampoo ($20; ulta.com) for a gentle yet deep clean that will help lift hair.",
"In a previous interview with InStyle, colorist Kaylee Benetua at David Mallett Salon said that clarifying shampoo \"can strip the hair of unwanted colors depending on the intensity of the color. You can try putting clarifying shampoo all through wet hair and putting a plastic cap on for ten minutes, then rinse.\"",
"Bodt warns, though, that you will need to follow with some T.L.C. for your hair since these treatments can be extremely harsh. A hair mask is always a great treatment to moisturize your strands and bring them back to life. Try this deeply hydrating Amika Soulfood Nourishing Hair Mask ($28; sephora.com), which is packed with vitamins and nutrients to replenish hair after any kind of damage, or the Pattern Treatment Mask ($25; ulta.com) for soft yet strong curls or coils.",
"Again, Bodt stresses that you should definitely not further bleach or lighten your hair in any way. If the above steps aren't cutting it, it's probably time to seek out professional help. In fact, the stylist says it's always smart to get an expert's opinion first before acting. But if you're trying to avoid spending money, she says you can receive a free consultation at your salon first before going in blind.",
"If you're looking to avoid the salon and save money on products, you can purchase vitamin C powder that you can simply mix with your existing shampoo. If you don't have powder, you can even try crushing up tablets.",
"Mix one part of the vitamin C powder and two parts shampoo and mixed it into a paste. Then wet your hair and lather the paste onto your strands. Once your whole head is lathered and covered, put on a shower cap, drape a towel around your neck (to catch any drippage), and chill for about an hour.",
"Why does it work? To my understanding, most hair color (or at least the permanent kind) uses oxidative dyeing. The dye penetrates the hair shaft and polymerizes into larger molecular units, wedging itself in between hair cuticles and onto the cortex. This makes the dye chemicals more resistant to removal. You know how ascorbic acid oxidizes quickly? Putting an acid like vitamin C on hair that's been dyed loosens these molecular units, giving dye the chemical heave-ho.",
"The bottom line is you shouldn't be afraid to experiment — it can be fun to play around or switch things up. But it is always important to keep the health of your hair at the top of mind (pun intended). Use gentle solutions, and when in doubt, seek a professional's opinion. That's what they're there for, and in the end a consultation could save you much time and money than dropping your whole paycheck on products that might remove color.",
"MeredithInStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Remove Color From Hair | InStyle\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore InStyle\n\nInStyle InStyle\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nJoin Now\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n\nMy Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * My Profile\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Help\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# How to Remove Color From Your Hair\n\nExperts weigh in on safe ways to strip your hair of color.\n\nBy Sable/xoJane.com and Tessa Petak\n\nUpdated Jun 29, 2021 @ 7:15 pm\n\nEach product we feature has been independently selected and reviewed by our\neditorial team. If you make a purchase using the links included, we may earn\ncommission.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave Pin FB\n\nTweet Email Send Text Message Print\n\nHow to Remove Color From Hair\n\nCredit: Christian Vierig/Getty Images\n\nHair color experimentation is practically a rite of passage, and especially in\nthe times of COVID-19 and quarantine, going for a bold color was encouraged.\nIn fact, it was practically the norm — just look at all the celebrities who\nexperimented during quarantine.\n\nBut whether the experimentation goes awry or you're just sick of the color,\nthere's a pretty good chance you're not going to want the color to last\nforever. And the good news is, it won't. But for those times when you just\ncan't rid your hair fast enough of the color, there may be a few ways to\npartially or fully remove the hair color. Read on for expert tips and DIY\ntreatments to remove color once it's lost its shine.\n\n## Is It Possible to Remove Hair Color?\n\nThe answer is — and I know this isn't what you wanted to hear — it depends.\nProfessional colorist and Matrix brand ambassador Rachel Bodt says it depends\non the type of product used to color your hair. She says that henna and some\nboxed color stains can be very difficult to lift from the hair because of\nwhere they sit on the hair shafts, while temporary colors and glosses are\neasier to remove. She adds that it also comes down to the type of hair you\nhave.\n\n\"It depends on how porous the hair is and how many coats of color you are\ntrying to remove,\" she tells InStyle. \"I would also suggest staying away from\nremoving color with bleach at home.\"\n\nShe also strongly urges not attempting to dull it with a lighter box color.\nBut there are some products you can use that are much safer and more\neffective. You should also be cognizant of your hair texture before getting\naggressive with your treatment. Pick products that are gentle, yet effective,\nto avoid causing further damage.\n\nVIDEO: Trust Us, We Tried It: Hair Detox\n\n## How Do I Remove Hair Color?\n\nAgain, it totally depends on the type of product used and hair that you have,\nbut according to Bodt, there are some methods you can try. She suggests using\na product that contains vitamin C or sulfate to \"loosen the color.\" Try the\nOribe Color Power drops ($58; nordstrom.com) which contain vitamin C, and the\nSulfur-8 Deep Cleaning Shampoo ($8; walmart.com).\n\n\"These help open the hair up so the color starts to fade naturally,\" she tells\nus. If you have textured hair, try a clarifying shampoo, like the Pattern\nClarifying Shampoo ($20; ulta.com) for a gentle yet deep clean that will help\nlift hair.\n\nIn a previous interview with InStyle, colorist Kaylee Benetua at David Mallett\nSalon said that clarifying shampoo \"can strip the hair of unwanted colors\ndepending on the intensity of the color. You can try putting clarifying\nshampoo all through wet hair and putting a plastic cap on for ten minutes,\nthen rinse.\"\n\nBodt warns, though, that you will need to follow with some T.L.C. for your\nhair since these treatments can be extremely harsh. A hair mask is always a\ngreat treatment to moisturize your strands and bring them back to life. Try\nthis deeply hydrating Amika Soulfood Nourishing Hair Mask ($28; sephora.com),\nwhich is packed with vitamins and nutrients to replenish hair after any kind\nof damage, or the Pattern Treatment Mask ($25; ulta.com) for soft yet strong\ncurls or coils.\n\nAgain, Bodt stresses that you should definitely not further bleach or lighten\nyour hair in any way. If the above steps aren't cutting it, it's probably time\nto seek out professional help. In fact, the stylist says it's always smart to\nget an expert's opinion first before acting. But if you're trying to avoid\nspending money, she says you can receive a free consultation at your salon\nfirst before going in blind.\n\n## What To Know About At-Home Hair Color Removal\n\nIf you're looking to avoid the salon and save money on products, you can\npurchase vitamin C powder that you can simply mix with your existing shampoo.\nIf you don't have powder, you can even try crushing up tablets.\n\nMix one part of the vitamin C powder and two parts shampoo and mixed it into a\npaste. Then wet your hair and lather the paste onto your strands. Once your\nwhole head is lathered and covered, put on a shower cap, drape a towel around\nyour neck (to catch any drippage), and chill for about an hour.\n\nWhy does it work? To my understanding, most hair color (or at least the\npermanent kind) uses oxidative dyeing. The dye penetrates the hair shaft and\npolymerizes into larger molecular units, wedging itself in between hair\ncuticles and onto the cortex. This makes the dye chemicals more resistant to\nremoval. You know how ascorbic acid oxidizes quickly? Putting an acid like\nvitamin C on hair that's been dyed loosens these molecular units, giving dye\nthe chemical heave-ho.\n\nThe bottom line is you shouldn't be afraid to experiment — it can be fun to\nplay around or switch things up. But it is always important to keep the health\nof your hair at the top of mind (pun intended). Use gentle solutions, and when\nin doubt, seek a professional's opinion. That's what they're there for, and in\nthe end a consultation could save you much time and money than dropping your\nwhole paycheck on products that might remove color.\n\n * By Sable/xoJane.com and Tessa Petak\n\n## Share & More\n\nInStyle\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithInStyle is part of the Meredith Beauty Group. © Copyright 2021\nMeredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved. InStyle may receive compensation\nfor some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject\nto change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of\nServicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab\nCalifornia Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis\nlink opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.instyle.com\n\n## View image\n\nHow to Remove Color From Your Hair\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
}
] |
2,756,125 | How To Apply Face Cream | To apply face cream, start by cleaning your hands and face with lukewarm water and a suitable cleanser. After a gentle towel-dry, squeeze a pea-sized amount of face cream onto the back of your hand and dab the cream onto your face in small dots, avoiding areas that tend to get oily. Next, blend the cream in with your fingers, using small, upward circular motions, then consider using some of your cream on your neck. Lastly, wait for your skin to absorb the cream before putting on makeup. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211201130742/https://www.mayoclinic.org/tests-procedures/allergy-tests/about/pac-20392895",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190803083700/https://www.today.com/style/6-reasons-why-you-should-use-facial-toner-t73941",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210512170228/https://www.asds.net/skin-experts/skin-care/skin-care-for-every-season",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170917121717/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060833/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211026094346/https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210511012629/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211216182832/https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx"
] | train | 1,977 | [
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"title": "What is toner? 6 reasons you should add face toner to your skin care routine",
"passages": [
"At TODAY we take care to recommend items we hope you’ll enjoy! Just so you know, TODAY may get a small share of the revenue.Using interviews with specialists, online reviews and personal experience, TODAY editors, writers and experts take care to recommend items we really like and hope you’ll enjoy! TODAY does have affiliate relationships with various online retailers. So, while every product is independently selected, if you buy something through our links, we may get a small share of the revenue.",
"It could be the absence of just one product in your beauty routine. For Dr. Hadley King, a New York City-based, board-certified dermatologist, the secret weapon to healthy skin is face toner.",
"King says not to pile on extra makeup to mask acne and oil problems. Instead, use a gentle, soothing toner to unclog pores by removing oil and traces of dirt and grime.",
"\"Toners are most helpful and necessary for people with oily or acne-prone skin, or for people who want extra cleansing after wearing makeup or other heavy skin products such as sunscreen,\" she said.",
"Applying a small amount of toner to a soft cotton ball or pad and gently blotting and wiping your face with it will remove oil and give the appearance of smaller pores.",
"Our skin is naturally acidic, typically with a pH balance of between five and six (on a scale from 0 to 14). But that balance can get out of whack after cleansing due to the alkaline nature of soap. When this happens, your skin needs to work overtime to return to its normal levels (and that may result in oil), but using a toner can help restore this balance quickly.",
"Toners can help close pores and tighten cell gaps after cleansing, reducing the penetration of impurities and environmental contaminants into the skin. It can even protect and remove chlorine and minerals present in tap water.",
"Toner can also be used in lieu of washing your skin when it's oily or dirty. It will leave your skin revitalized even when you're on the go.",
"Toners containing glycolic acid or other alpha hydroxy acids can help to prevent ingrown hairs, so it also aids in grooming.",
"This best-selling toner is not only alcohol-free, but it also is formulated with undistilled witch hazel, aloe vera and rose water to calm even the most inflamed skin.",
"This alcohol-free formula is made with a phyto-rich blend of calendula, butcher’s broom and sage, which is great for cleansing while also rebalancing skin.",
"Great for evening out combination skin, this toner contains chamomile extract, which promotes circulation and helps heal and minimize scarring.",
"If your skin is craving serious hydration, this toner is for you. It's made up of a calming blend of aloe, moisture-saving sodium PCA, lavender, balm mint and arnica.",
"This is an alcohol-free, deeply hydrating formula designed for dry, dehydrated skin that gently tones, reduces the appearance of pores and immediately rehydrates the complexion while it removes any traces of impurities."
]
},
"parsed_md": "What is toner? 6 reasons you should add face toner to your skin care routine\n\n## Beauty\n\n# 6 reasons why you should add face toner to your beauty routine\n\nDon't hide behind makeup!\n\n## Get Stuff We Love\n\nSubscribe to our newsletter.\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\nJune 15, 2010, 10:47 PM UTC / Updated Aug. 2, 2019, 7:01 PM UTC\n\n/ Source: iVillage\n\nBy Ysolt Usigan\n\nAt TODAY we take care to recommend items we hope you’ll enjoy! Just so you\nknow, TODAY may get a small share of the revenue.Using interviews with\nspecialists, online reviews and personal experience, TODAY editors, writers\nand experts take care to recommend items we really like and hope you’ll enjoy!\nTODAY does have affiliate relationships with various online retailers. So,\nwhile every product is independently selected, if you buy something through\nour links, we may get a small share of the revenue.\n\nWhat's standing between you and clear skin?\n\nIt could be the absence of just one product in your beauty routine. For Dr.\nHadley King, a New York City-based, board-certified dermatologist, the secret\nweapon to healthy skin is face toner.\n\nKing says not to pile on extra makeup to mask acne and oil problems. Instead,\nuse a gentle, soothing toner to unclog pores by removing oil and traces of\ndirt and grime.\n\n## What does toner do?\n\n\"Toners are most helpful and necessary for people with oily or acne-prone\nskin, or for people who want extra cleansing after wearing makeup or other\nheavy skin products such as sunscreen,\" she said.\n\nThat's not all toner can do. King outlined some additional benefits:\n\n * 1\\. It shrinks pores.\n\nApplying a small amount of toner to a soft cotton ball or pad and gently\nblotting and wiping your face with it will remove oil and give the appearance\nof smaller pores.\n\n * 2\\. It restores your skin's pH balance.\n\nOur skin is naturally acidic, typically with a pH balance of between five and\nsix (on a scale from 0 to 14). But that balance can get out of whack after\ncleansing due to the alkaline nature of soap. When this happens, your skin\nneeds to work overtime to return to its normal levels (and that may result in\noil), but using a toner can help restore this balance quickly.\n\n * 3\\. It adds a layer of protection.\n\nToners can help close pores and tighten cell gaps after cleansing, reducing\nthe penetration of impurities and environmental contaminants into the skin. It\ncan even protect and remove chlorine and minerals present in tap water.\n\n * 4\\. It acts like a moisturizer.\n\nSome toners are humectants, which means they help to bind moisture to the\nskin.\n\n * 5\\. It refreshes skin.\n\nToner can also be used in lieu of washing your skin when it's oily or dirty.\nIt will leave your skin revitalized even when you're on the go.\n\n * 6\\. It can prevent ingrown hairs.\n\nToners containing glycolic acid or other alpha hydroxy acids can help to\nprevent ingrown hairs, so it also aids in grooming.\n\nHere are a few options to check out.\n\n## The best face toners\n\n * 1\\. Thayers Alcohol-Free Rose Petal Witch Hazel Toner\n\n## Thayers Alcohol-Free Rose Petal Witch Hazel Toner\n\n$8.83\n\n$9.29\n\n$9.93\n\n$9.29\n\nThis best-selling toner is not only alcohol-free, but it also is formulated\nwith undistilled witch hazel, aloe vera and rose water to calm even the most\ninflamed skin.\n\n * 2\\. Avene Eau Thermale Gentle Toning Lotion\n\n## Avene Eau Thermale Gentle Toning Lotion\n\n$20.00\n\n$20.00\n\n$20.00\n\nFormulated for sensitive skin, this toner hydrates with thermal spring water\nand creates a protective shield via natural silicates.\n\n * 3\\. Borghese Effetto Immediato Spa-Soothing Tonic\n\n## Borghese Effetto Immediato Spa-Soothing Tonic\n\n$32.00\n\n$32.00\n\nThis alcohol-free formula is made with a phyto-rich blend of calendula,\nbutcher’s broom and sage, which is great for cleansing while also rebalancing\nskin.\n\n * 4\\. SkinCeuticals Equalizing Toner\n\n## SkinCeuticals Equalizing Toner\n\n$34.00\n\n$34.00\n\nGreat for evening out combination skin, this toner contains chamomile extract,\nwhich promotes circulation and helps heal and minimize scarring.\n\n * 5\\. Neutrogena Oil And Alcohol-Free Facial Toner\n\n## Neutrogena Oil And Alcohol-Free Facial Toner\n\n$5.98\n\n$10.29\n\n$5.98\n\n$5.99\n\nA solid budget beauty option, this toner is gentle and refreshing, avoiding\nany harsh or drying ingredients or additives.\n\n * 6\\. Mario Badescu Facial Spray with Aloe, Herbs and Rosewater\n\n## Mario Badescu Facial Spray with Aloe, Herbs and Rosewater\n\n$12.00\n\n$12.00\n\n$12.00\n\nThis mist is refreshing and hydrating, making it great for dry skin.\n\n * 7\\. Dermalogica Multi-Active Toner\n\n## Dermalogica Multi-Active Toner\n\n$30.98\n\n$41.00\n\n$41.00\n\nIf your skin is craving serious hydration, this toner is for you. It's made up\nof a calming blend of aloe, moisture-saving sodium PCA, lavender, balm mint\nand arnica.\n\n * 8\\. Fresh Rose Deep Hydration Facial Toner\n\n## Fresh Rose Deep Hydration Facial Toner\n\n$45.00\n\n$45.00\n\n$54.50\n\nThis is an alcohol-free, deeply hydrating formula designed for dry, dehydrated\nskin that gently tones, reduces the appearance of pores and immediately\nrehydrates the complexion while it removes any traces of impurities.\n\nThis story was originally on June 15, 2010 on TODAY.com.\n\n© 2019 NBC UNIVERSAL\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170917121717/http://www.huffingtonpost.com:80/2014/02/04/how-to-moisturize-your-face_n_4704301.html",
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"title": "What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face",
"passages": [
"Skincare can be one of the most confusing things in life. While a Google search may tell you it's OK to embrace essential oils, your friends could simultaneously warn you that you're doing it all wrong, and then you go down this skin disaster spiral. Alright, so it's probably not that serious, but finding the right way to moisturize your face can be a battle.",
"While we're sitting here in the cold depths of the polar vortex, we've been thinking hard about the best way to protect our precious faces in the event of harsh winds. So we asked two dermatologists to weigh in on the proper ways to hydrate our skin. From knowing your skin type to reading between the ingredient lines, here's what you need to know about moisturizing your face.",
"You should be using a moisturizer based on your skin type. One of the first mistakes people make when using products on their skin is using a product that doesn't necessarily fit their skin type. “Most patients will say they have sensitive skin,” says Dr. Paul Jarrod Frank, a New York City-based cosmetic dermatologist. But, if you are unsure, determining your type is easy. Dr. Frank suggests examining how your skin feels at the end of the day. Look to see if your T-zone is dry, oily or somewhat normal.",
"“Those suffering from dry skin problems are prone to having slightly allergic skin, and such people shouldn’t use conventional moisturizers because of the harm chemicals can have on the fragile surface. While using an oil-based moisturizing cream is terrible for acne-prone skin,” says board-certified dermatologist Dr. Ted Lain. So to avoid a skincare blunder, follow these guidelines:",
"Oily: “Look for lotions instead of creams,” advises Dr. Lain. Find formulas that have exfoliating ingredients, such as lactic glycolic and salicylic acids.",
"Dry: Definitely find a cream, especially in the winter weather. “There is more oil in a cream, therefore it is a thicker substance and more moisturizing. The greater the oil content, the better absorption through the skin barriers to hydrate the tissue,” says Dr. Frank.",
"Combination: While Dr. Lain believes this is the hardest skin type to find products for, he recommends “lotions with no acids, something bland such as Cetaphil, Cerave, Aveeno, Neutrogena, or Lubriderm.”",
"Normal: “I always tell people with normal skin to put a very thin layer of ointment on at night, such as Aquaphor,” says Dr. Frank, adding that this will help protect you against the forces of nature.",
"But don't forget, your surrounding climate impacts your skin, too. Whether it’s hot, dry or windy, you should take the climate into account the next time you pick up some moisturizer. For those of you in the chilly, polar vortex parts of the country (who are not acne prone!), try an ointment. “A moisturizer gets readily absorbed, but an ointment leaves an extra layer of protection,” explains Dr. Frank. He also suggests not exfoliating.",
"If it's humid, Dr. Lain recommends \"swapping your lightweight moisturizer for a gel, which is more hydrating,” because “a gel formulation won't make you look too oily if you start to break a sweat.” And finally, for those super dry places, Dr. Lain suggests a cream, but also adds that “using gentle soaps in the shower without exfoliants are helpful,” while “a cold humidifier in your bedroom at night can help your skin retain the moisture.”",
"And what about SPF? Dr. Frank gives us the goods on what those SPF numbers really mean. “There are two types of damaging sun rays: UVA, which are responsible for aging the skin; and UVB, which are responsible for burning it -- the SPF number on a bottle of sunscreen only gives a guide for how much UVB protection the product offers.” The only way you'll really know if your sunscreen combats UVA rays is if it states so on the bottle.",
"Another myth, Dr. Frank explains, is that you don't have to use a different moisturizer from your sunscreen. ”Sunscreens already add moisture to your skin because of their ingredients and if you have oily skin, you may want to skip the separate moisturizer.” If you have to put both on, apply SPF first and let it settle before you put on your lotion or cream.",
"When testing a new moisturizer, be cautious. We all have those moments when we buy some new skincare product and want to rub it all over our bodies. However, that could lead to unwanted breakouts and some horror-inducing rashes. “If you're trying out a new moisturizer, test it on your forearm first,” says Dr. Frank. And with that, Dr. Lain recommends that you “give it two weeks before you decide.”",
"One more important thing to consider is how the moisturizers are marketed. “Even if a product's label says that it is hypoallergenic, it still might contain something to which you're allergic,” says Dr. Frank. Make sure to read the ingredients before you buy, to avoid waste and misuse.",
"Finally, is it really better to moisturize while your face is still wet? While Dr. Lain says it doesn't matter, Dr. Frank says the best time to really apply is after toning, “as your skin is primed to receive the maximum benefits.”",
"So there you have it, the basics of moisturizing your skin. If you ever find that your face is more irritated than usual, you should consult a doctor.",
"\"The best way to fix and protect winter skin is to seal it and heal it,\" Krant says. \"Yes, I just made that up.\" That means choosing a moisturizer that locks in moisture and provides some protection of the dermis to encourage healing, but still lets the skin breathe. Krant recommends choosing a thick, fragrance- free cream instead of a lotion, which can be watery, and putting it on after every shower. Dr. Bobby Buka, a dermatologist in practice in New York City, also encourages a thick moisturizer. \"I like non-petroleum based moisturizers,\" Buka told HuffPost Healthy Living. \"Naturalists should like this too! Ceramides are naturally occurring moisturizers found in many emollients nowadays.\"",
"Want more HuffPost Style beauty content? Check us out on Twitter, Facebook, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram. (For everything else check out our main HuffPost Style Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram @HuffPostStyle.) --- Do you have a beauty story idea or tip? Email us at beautytips@huffingtonpost.com. (PR pitches sent to this address will be ignored.)"
]
},
"parsed_md": "What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face | HuffPost\n\nTap here to turn on desktop notifications to get the news sent straight to\nyou.\n\nEDITION\n\nUS\n\nSTYLE\n\n02/04/2014 06:23 am ET Updated Feb 04, 2014\n\n# What You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\n\nBy Chanel Parks\n\nRob Lewine via Getty Images\n\n180\n\nSkincare can be one of the most confusing things in life. While a Google\nsearch may tell you it's OK to embrace essential oils, your friends could\nsimultaneously warn you that you're doing it all wrong, and then you go down\nthis skin disaster spiral. Alright, so it's probably not that serious, but\nfinding the right way to moisturize your face can be a battle.\n\nWhile we're sitting here in the cold depths of the polar vortex, we've been\nthinking hard about the best way to protect our precious faces in the event of\nharsh winds. So we asked two dermatologists to weigh in on the proper ways to\nhydrate our skin. From knowing your skin type to reading between the\ningredient lines, here's what you need to know about moisturizing your face.\n\nYou should be using a moisturizer based on your skin type. One of the first\nmistakes people make when using products on their skin is using a product that\ndoesn't necessarily fit their skin type. “Most patients will say they have\nsensitive skin,” says Dr. Paul Jarrod Frank, a New York City-based cosmetic\ndermatologist. But, if you are unsure, determining your type is easy. Dr.\nFrank suggests examining how your skin feels at the end of the day. Look to\nsee if your T-zone is dry, oily or somewhat normal.\n\n“Those suffering from dry skin problems are prone to having slightly allergic\nskin, and such people shouldn’t use conventional moisturizers because of the\nharm chemicals can have on the fragile surface. While using an oil-based\nmoisturizing cream is terrible for acne-prone skin,” says board-certified\ndermatologist Dr. Ted Lain. So to avoid a skincare blunder, follow these\nguidelines:\n\nOily: “Look for lotions instead of creams,” advises Dr. Lain. Find formulas\nthat have exfoliating ingredients, such as lactic glycolic and salicylic\nacids.\n\nDry: Definitely find a cream, especially in the winter weather. “There is more\noil in a cream, therefore it is a thicker substance and more moisturizing. The\ngreater the oil content, the better absorption through the skin barriers to\nhydrate the tissue,” says Dr. Frank.\n\nCombination: While Dr. Lain believes this is the hardest skin type to find\nproducts for, he recommends “lotions with no acids, something bland such as\nCetaphil, Cerave, Aveeno, Neutrogena, or Lubriderm.”\n\nNormal: “I always tell people with normal skin to put a very thin layer of\nointment on at night, such as Aquaphor,” says Dr. Frank, adding that this will\nhelp protect you against the forces of nature.\n\nBut don't forget, your surrounding climate impacts your skin, too. Whether\nit’s hot, dry or windy, you should take the climate into account the next time\nyou pick up some moisturizer. For those of you in the chilly, polar vortex\nparts of the country (who are not acne prone!), try an ointment. “A\nmoisturizer gets readily absorbed, but an ointment leaves an extra layer of\nprotection,” explains Dr. Frank. He also suggests not exfoliating.\n\nIf it's humid, Dr. Lain recommends \"swapping your lightweight moisturizer for\na gel, which is more hydrating,” because “a gel formulation won't make you\nlook too oily if you start to break a sweat.” And finally, for those super dry\nplaces, Dr. Lain suggests a cream, but also adds that “using gentle soaps in\nthe shower without exfoliants are helpful,” while “a cold humidifier in your\nbedroom at night can help your skin retain the moisture.”\n\nAnd what about SPF? Dr. Frank gives us the goods on what those SPF numbers\nreally mean. “There are two types of damaging sun rays: UVA, which are\nresponsible for aging the skin; and UVB, which are responsible for burning it\n-- the SPF number on a bottle of sunscreen only gives a guide for how much UVB\nprotection the product offers.” The only way you'll really know if your\nsunscreen combats UVA rays is if it states so on the bottle.\n\nAnother myth, Dr. Frank explains, is that you don't have to use a different\nmoisturizer from your sunscreen. ”Sunscreens already add moisture to your skin\nbecause of their ingredients and if you have oily skin, you may want to skip\nthe separate moisturizer.” If you have to put both on, apply SPF first and let\nit settle before you put on your lotion or cream.\n\nWhen testing a new moisturizer, be cautious. We all have those moments when we\nbuy some new skincare product and want to rub it all over our bodies. However,\nthat could lead to unwanted breakouts and some horror-inducing rashes. “If\nyou're trying out a new moisturizer, test it on your forearm first,” says Dr.\nFrank. And with that, Dr. Lain recommends that you “give it two weeks before\nyou decide.”\n\nOne more important thing to consider is how the moisturizers are marketed.\n“Even if a product's label says that it is hypoallergenic, it still might\ncontain something to which you're allergic,” says Dr. Frank. Make sure to read\nthe ingredients before you buy, to avoid waste and misuse.\n\nFinally, is it really better to moisturize while your face is still wet? While\nDr. Lain says it doesn't matter, Dr. Frank says the best time to really apply\nis after toning, “as your skin is primed to receive the maximum benefits.”\n\nSo there you have it, the basics of moisturizing your skin. If you ever find\nthat your face is more irritated than usual, you should consult a doctor.\n\nMore winter skin solutions:\n\nPHOTO GALLERY\n\nBEFORE YOU GO\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\nPHOTO GALLERY\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\nWhat You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\nDry Winter Skin Fixes\n\n1 / 6\n\nChoose Cream Over Lotion\n\n\"The best way to fix and protect winter skin is to seal it and heal it,\" Krant\nsays. \"Yes, I just made that up.\" That means choosing a moisturizer that locks\nin moisture and provides some protection of the dermis to encourage healing,\nbut still lets the skin breathe. Krant recommends choosing a thick, fragrance-\nfree cream instead of a lotion, which can be watery, and putting it on after\nevery shower. <a href=\"http://www.bobbybukamd.com/\">Dr. Bobby Buka</a>, a\ndermatologist in practice in New York City, also encourages a thick\nmoisturizer. \"I like non-petroleum based moisturizers,\" Buka told HuffPost\nHealthy Living. \"Naturalists should like this too! Ceramides are naturally\noccurring moisturizers found in many emollients nowadays.\"\n\nshutterstock\n\nWant more HuffPost Style beauty content? Check us out on Twitter, Facebook,\nTumblr, Pinterest and Instagram. (For everything else check out our main\nHuffPost Style Twitter, Tumblr, Pinterest and Instagram @HuffPostStyle.) ---\nDo you have a beauty story idea or tip? Email us at\nbeautytips@huffingtonpost.com. (PR pitches sent to this address will be\nignored.)\n\nDownload\n\nSuggest a correction\n\nChanel Parks Associate Style Editor, The Huffington Post\n\n## MORE:\n\nSkincare Moisturizing Moisturizing Tips Moisturizers Skincare Tips\n\nWhat You Need To Know About Moisturizing Your Face\n\n180\n\n## CONVERSATIONS\n\n * ABOUT US\n * ADVERTISE\n * About Our Ads\n * Contact Us\n * RSS\n * FAQ\n * Careers\n * Archive\n * User Agreement\n * Privacy Policy\n * Comment Policy\n\n©2017 Oath Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPart of HuffPost Lifestyle\n\n * Arabi\n * Australia\n * Brasil\n * Canada\n * Deutschland\n * España\n * France\n * Greece\n * India\n\n * Italia\n * Japan\n * Korea\n * Maghreb\n * México\n * Québec\n * United Kingdom\n * United States\n * South Africa\n\nClose\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190701060833/https://www.aad.org/public/skin-hair-nails/skin-care/oily-skin",
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"parsed_md": "How to control oily skin | American Academy of Dermatology\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211026094346/https://www.self.com/story/how-to-moisturize-face",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Moisturize Your Face",
"passages": [
"Along with regularly cleansing and wearing sunscreen, figuring out how to moisturize your face is one of the most essential steps of any skin-care routine. But skin experts say far too many people skip this essential piece of the skin-care puzzle.",
"“Most people are not aware of the importance of skin hydration,” Joyce Imahiyerobo-Ip, M.D., director of cosmetic dermatology at South Shore Medical Center, tells SELF.",
"Why is it so crucial to moisturize your skin? It comes down to the stratum corneum, the outer layer of skin. When this layer is functioning properly, it protects your skin from irritants and inflammation, and it also helps keep the deeper layers of skin hydrated. The stratum corneum is made up of a few different components, including fatty acids and ceramides, so supplementing your skin with moisturizers containing those ingredients can ensure that everything is working as it should—and that your skin will be at its happiest and healthiest.",
"And, yes, everyone can benefit from moisturizing—even those of you with oily skin. “Those with oily or acne-prone skin fear that moisturizing will only make [their skin issues] worse, so instead they use harsh products and cleansers to dry their skin out,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. But this can actually be counterproductive because overwashing your skin can actually cause it to produce even more oil. Probably not the goal you’re hoping to achieve.",
"If you haven’t been able to find a moisturizing routine that works for you, know that you’re not alone. It’s just about choosing the right product, pairing it with your other steps in the right way, and applying it correctly.",
"So, are you ready to learn how to actually moisturize your face? Check out these easy ways to make sure you’re moisturizing your face to get the best results for your skin.",
"Just as you would swatch a lipstick or eye shadow before buying or applying on your face, you should do the same for skin-care products as much as possible. In addition to making sure you like the way the product smells and feels, this helps ensure that it doesn’t lead to clogged pores, allergic reactions, or breakouts, Dendy Engelman, M.D., a board-certified dermatologist and cosmetic surgeon in NYC, tells SELF.",
"But, with skin-care products, the process is a little bit different: Rather than testing the product on the back of your hand, apply a small amount on your inner arm where your skin is thinner and wait a day or two to see if you react badly to it, SELF explained previously. If you’re worried about a new product clogging your pores, apply it to a small area along your jawline to see if you develop any new pimples before putting it all over your face.",
"It’s also crucial to check the label for potentially irritating ingredients, like chemical exfoliants (salicylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, for instance), retinol, and botanical extracts. These can be irritating to anyone, but those with sensitive skin are most likely to react to these ingredients as well as fragrances and preservatives.",
"“Just because your best friend likes the feel of a particular product does not mean it will work well for you,” Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic and clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital, tells SELF. “With so many products on the market, you can select the ideal formulation for your preference—gel, creams, lotions, ointments, and foams can all be effective.” The key is to know which ingredients will best address your individual skin concerns.",
"Any good moisturizer should contain a combination of hydrating (humectant) ingredients that will draw water into the skin and more occlusive ingredients to seal that hydration in. But, depending on your skin type and concerns, you may need to look for a specific formula or ratio of those ingredients.",
"If you have dry skin, for example, you may want to use a thicker moisturizer with ingredients like hyaluronic acid, which is a powerful humectant, along with ceramides. Check out:",
"But for those with oily or acne-prone skin, it will be especially important to look for products that are noncomedogenic or say “oil-free” on the label. You might also want to look into lighter gel cream formulas, such as:",
"As the back of the bottle says, you should always apply moisturizer to clean skin—and for maximum results, shortly after cleansing, before your skin is totally dry.",
"Moisturizers are most effective if you use them while your skin is still damp because damp skin absorbs the product more readily. That also gives the moisturizer the chance to lock in that hydration.",
"While waiting a few minutes or hours after washing your face before moisturizing isn’t the worst habit, it does your product and your skin a disservice. If you find that your routine takes too long for that to work (or you use other products between cleansing and moisturizing that need time to absorb), you can try spritzing on a bit of face mist before moisturizing.",
"While facial oils can be great at soothing dry and irritated skin, they’re usually not enough to replace a standard moisturizer. “Moisturizers contain humectant ingredients that draw water molecules into the skin, while oil-based products contain emollient ingredients that merely treat the skin on a surface level,” Lily Talakoub, M.D., dermatologist at McLean Dermatology and Skincare Center, tells SELF.",
"Additionally, many facial oils can be great occlusives, SELF explained previously. So, although they don’t draw water into the skin like an ideal moisturizer should, they can help keep it in your skin.",
"That’s why, if you’re interested in using a facial oil, Dr. Talakoub recommends applying the oil on top of your regular moisturizer. For instance, Dr. Talakoub likes Eve Lom Radiance Face Oil ($80, Ulta) layered over the brand’s Radiance Lift Cream ($95, Bloomingdale’s).",
"However, those with oily or acne-prone skin should be wary when using facial oils because many of them can clog pores. Again, be sure to patch test before using these all over your face!",
"The order in which you use your products can have an effect on how well they work. In general, “you want to start with the lightest products and work your way up to the thickest product,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. “For example, if you have acne and are using any acne medicine, your general A.M. routine would be like this: wash, medicine, moisturizer with sunscreen.” If you use multiple treatments or serums, again, layer them from thinnest to thickest.",
"The idea is that, by layering products in this order, the thicker ones won’t prevent the thinner ones from getting to your skin. But, of course, you should follow your dermatologist’s instructions when using any prescription product. And, as SELF explained previously, basically everything becomes a cocktail on your face ultimately. So, as long as you’re using your moisturizer towards the end of your regimen, you’re probably fine.",
"We can’t stress enough the importance of wearing daily sunscreen—even on cloudy or rainy days when the sun is far from sight. “Even low levels of sun exposure add up over a lifetime and contribute both to the development of skin cancers and premature wrinkling,” Dr. Zeichner says.",
"That’s why your best line of defense is to apply sunscreen every morning. Although you could use a separate sunscreen after your moisturizer, a facial moisturizer with at least 30 SPF (and broad-spectrum protection) will also do the trick.",
"For the record, you can absolutely use your daytime moisturizer at night, even if it has SPF. It’s not going to hurt you and it’s definitely better than nothing. But there are some good reasons to consider using a separate moisturizer at night or even a more intensive night cream.",
"Your skin is in its peak state of repair and rebuilding at night, with the majority of cell turnover and regeneration occurring when your body is in REM sleep. Certain products and ingredients can actually help that process along. Night creams are often packed with ingredients that can help soothe and repair the skin, Dr. Talakoub says, such as peptides and retinol. “They are generally thicker and more nourishing, which is why they’re meant for night use,” she says. Dr. Zeichner adds, “We know that skin hydration levels decline at night, making your nighttime moisturizer an important step.”",
"Finding a great moisturizer is obviously crucial, but if you’re dealing with specific skin concerns, it may be worth it to swap your nightly moisturizer for an overnight mask a few times a month. These masks can be great for adding even more hydration, evening out skin tone, or reducing signs of aging.",
"Consistently using the right type of moisturizer for your skin is the absolute best way to make sure your skin stays hydrated and healthy. But other steps of your skin-care routine can help, too!",
"For instance, serums containing ingredients like glycerin, hyaluronic acid, and squalane provide an extra boost of hydration under your moisturizer. Face mists can help keep your skin feeling refreshed and hydrated during the day. And there are even hydrating cleansers and toners to start you off on the right (and most hydrated) note every morning.",
"All products featured on SELF are independently selected by our editors. If you buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate commission.",
"Jenn Sinrich is a Boston-based freelance writer, editor, and content strategist with a passion for all things beauty and health. In addition to SELF, she contributes to publications including TotalBeauty.com, Glam, Women's Health, Marie Claire, PureWow, Parents and Romper.",
"Sarah Jacoby is the Associate News Director at SELF. She's an experienced health and science journalist who is particularly interested in the science of skin care, sexual and reproductive health, drugs and drug policy, and mental health. Sarah is a graduate of NYU's Science, Health, and Environmental Reporting Program and... Read more",
"SELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Any information published on this website or by this brand is not intended as a substitute for medical advice, and you should not take any action before consulting with a healthcare professional.",
"Discover new workout ideas, healthy-eating recipes, makeup looks, skin-care advice, the best beauty products and tips, trends, and more from SELF.",
"© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. SELF may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Moisturize Your Face | SELF\n\nSkip to main content\n\nHow to Moisturize Your Face the Right Way for Healthy, Glowing Skin\n\nMore\n\nSearch\n\n * Fitness\n\n * Workouts\n * Shape Up\n * Running\n * Yoga\n * Food\n\n * Healthy Eating\n * Nutrition\n * Weight Loss\n * Recipes\n * Cooking\n * Health\n\n * Mental Health\n * Sexual & Reproductive Health\n * Pregnancy & Motherhood\n * Sleep\n * Love\n\n * Sex\n * Relationships\n * Weddings\n * Single Life\n * Breakups\n * Beauty\n\n * Makeup\n * Hair\n * Fashion\n * Nails\n * Skin\n * Culture\n\n * Career\n * Money\n * Travel\n * Entertainment\n * Technology\n * Family\n * Sports\n * Politics\n\n * Video\n * Spring Challenge\n * Workouts\n * Columnists\n * Newsletter Signup\n\nBeauty\n\nSkin\n\nBeauty\n\nDecember 23, 2019\n\nRelated Condition Centers\n\n * Dermatology\n * Acne\n\n# How to Moisturize Your Face the Right Way for Healthy, Glowing Skin\n\nDerm-approved advice for every skin type.\n\nBy Jenn Sinrich and Sarah Jacoby\n\nGetty/lisegagne\n\nAlong with regularly cleansing and wearing sunscreen, figuring out how to\nmoisturize your face is one of the most essential steps of any skin-care\nroutine. But skin experts say far too many people skip this essential piece of\nthe skin-care puzzle.\n\n“Most people are not aware of the importance of skin hydration,” Joyce\nImahiyerobo-Ip, M.D., director of cosmetic dermatology at South Shore Medical\nCenter, tells SELF.\n\nWhy is it so crucial to moisturize your skin? It comes down to the stratum\ncorneum, the outer layer of skin. When this layer is functioning properly, it\nprotects your skin from irritants and inflammation, and it also helps keep the\ndeeper layers of skin hydrated. The stratum corneum is made up of a few\ndifferent components, including fatty acids and ceramides, so supplementing\nyour skin with moisturizers containing those ingredients can ensure that\neverything is working as it should—and that your skin will be at its happiest\nand healthiest.\n\nAnd, yes, everyone can benefit from moisturizing—even those of you with oily\nskin. “Those with oily or acne-prone skin fear that moisturizing will only\nmake [their skin issues] worse, so instead they use harsh products and\ncleansers to dry their skin out,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. But this can\nactually be counterproductive because overwashing your skin can actually cause\nit to produce even more oil. Probably not the goal you’re hoping to achieve.\n\nIf you haven’t been able to find a moisturizing routine that works for you,\nknow that you’re not alone. It’s just about choosing the right product,\npairing it with your other steps in the right way, and applying it correctly.\n\nSo, are you ready to learn how to actually moisturize your face? Check out\nthese easy ways to make sure you’re moisturizing your face to get the best\nresults for your skin.\n\n## 1\\. Patch test before using any new moisturizer.\n\nJust as you would swatch a lipstick or eye shadow before buying or applying on\nyour face, you should do the same for skin-care products as much as possible.\nIn addition to making sure you like the way the product smells and feels, this\nhelps ensure that it doesn’t lead to clogged pores, allergic reactions, or\nbreakouts, Dendy Engelman, M.D., a board-certified dermatologist and cosmetic\nsurgeon in NYC, tells SELF.\n\nBut, with skin-care products, the process is a little bit different: Rather\nthan testing the product on the back of your hand, apply a small amount on\nyour inner arm where your skin is thinner and wait a day or two to see if you\nreact badly to it, SELF explained previously. If you’re worried about a new\nproduct clogging your pores, apply it to a small area along your jawline to\nsee if you develop any new pimples before putting it all over your face.\n\nIt’s also crucial to check the label for potentially irritating ingredients,\nlike chemical exfoliants (salicylic acid, glycolic acid, lactic acid, for\ninstance), retinol, and botanical extracts. These can be irritating to anyone,\nbut those with sensitive skin are most likely to react to these ingredients as\nwell as fragrances and preservatives.\n\n## 2\\. Use a moisturizer that’s right for your skin type.\n\n“Just because your best friend likes the feel of a particular product does not\nmean it will work well for you,” Joshua Zeichner, M.D., director of cosmetic\nand clinical research in dermatology at Mount Sinai Hospital, tells SELF.\n“With so many products on the market, you can select the ideal formulation for\nyour preference—gel, creams, lotions, ointments, and foams can all be\neffective.” The key is to know which ingredients will best address your\nindividual skin concerns.\n\nAny good moisturizer should contain a combination of hydrating (humectant)\ningredients that will draw water into the skin and more occlusive ingredients\nto seal that hydration in. But, depending on your skin type and concerns, you\nmay need to look for a specific formula or ratio of those ingredients.\n\nIf you have dry skin, for example, you may want to use a thicker moisturizer\nwith ingredients like hyaluronic acid, which is a powerful humectant, along\nwith ceramides. Check out:\n\n * La Roche-Posay Toleriane Double Repair Face Moisturizer SPF 30, $20, Amazon\n * CeraVe Moisturizing Cream, $17, Dermstore\n * Neutrogena Hydro Boost Gel-Cream, $24, Ulta\n\nBut for those with oily or acne-prone skin, it will be especially important to\nlook for products that are noncomedogenic or say “oil-free” on the label. You\nmight also want to look into lighter gel cream formulas, such as:\n\n * Simple Gel Moisturizer Ultra Light, $12, Amazon\n * Peter Thomas Roth Acne-Clear Oil-Free Matt Moisturizer, $38, Sephora\n * Avène Cleanance MAT Mattifying Emulsion, $25, SkinStore\n\n## 3\\. Apply your moisturizer to clean, slightly damp skin.\n\nAs the back of the bottle says, you should always apply moisturizer to clean\nskin—and for maximum results, shortly after cleansing, before your skin is\ntotally dry.\n\nMoisturizers are most effective if you use them while your skin is still damp\nbecause damp skin absorbs the product more readily. That also gives the\nmoisturizer the chance to lock in that hydration.\n\nWhile waiting a few minutes or hours after washing your face before\nmoisturizing isn’t the worst habit, it does your product and your skin a\ndisservice. If you find that your routine takes too long for that to work (or\nyou use other products between cleansing and moisturizing that need time to\nabsorb), you can try spritzing on a bit of face mist before moisturizing.\n\n## 4\\. Consider using a facial oil on top of—but not in place of—your\nmoisturizer.\n\nWhile facial oils can be great at soothing dry and irritated skin, they’re\nusually not enough to replace a standard moisturizer. “Moisturizers contain\nhumectant ingredients that draw water molecules into the skin, while oil-based\nproducts contain emollient ingredients that merely treat the skin on a surface\nlevel,” Lily Talakoub, M.D., dermatologist at McLean Dermatology and Skincare\nCenter, tells SELF.\n\nAdditionally, many facial oils can be great occlusives, SELF explained\npreviously. So, although they don’t draw water into the skin like an ideal\nmoisturizer should, they can help keep it in your skin.\n\nThat’s why, if you’re interested in using a facial oil, Dr. Talakoub\nrecommends applying the oil on top of your regular moisturizer. For instance,\nDr. Talakoub likes Eve Lom Radiance Face Oil ($80, Ulta) layered over the\nbrand’s Radiance Lift Cream ($95, Bloomingdale’s).\n\nHowever, those with oily or acne-prone skin should be wary when using facial\noils because many of them can clog pores. Again, be sure to patch test before\nusing these all over your face!\n\n## 5\\. Layer your products in the right order—but don’t overthink it.\n\nThe order in which you use your products can have an effect on how well they\nwork. In general, “you want to start with the lightest products and work your\nway up to the thickest product,” Dr. Imahiyerobo-Ip says. “For example, if you\nhave acne and are using any acne medicine, your general A.M. routine would be\nlike this: wash, medicine, moisturizer with sunscreen.” If you use multiple\ntreatments or serums, again, layer them from thinnest to thickest.\n\nThe idea is that, by layering products in this order, the thicker ones won’t\nprevent the thinner ones from getting to your skin. But, of course, you should\nfollow your dermatologist’s instructions when using any prescription product.\nAnd, as SELF explained previously, basically everything becomes a cocktail on\nyour face ultimately. So, as long as you’re using your moisturizer towards the\nend of your regimen, you’re probably fine.\n\n## 6\\. Try using a moisturizer with SPF in the morning.\n\nWe can’t stress enough the importance of wearing daily sunscreen—even on\ncloudy or rainy days when the sun is far from sight. “Even low levels of sun\nexposure add up over a lifetime and contribute both to the development of skin\ncancers and premature wrinkling,” Dr. Zeichner says.\n\nThat’s why your best line of defense is to apply sunscreen every morning.\nAlthough you could use a separate sunscreen after your moisturizer, a facial\nmoisturizer with at least 30 SPF (and broad-spectrum protection) will also do\nthe trick.\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * Aveeno Positively Radiant Daily Moisturizer SPF 30, $17, Ulta\n * Paula’s Choice Essential Glow Moisturizer SPF 30, Paula’s Choice\n * SkinCeuticals Light Moisture UV Defense SPF 50, $39, Dermstore\n * EltaMD UV Daily Broad Spectrum Tinted Moisturizer SPF 40, $31, SkinStore\n * Dermalogica Prisma Protect SPF 30, $65, Ulta\n\n## 7\\. Consider using a different moisturizer at night.\n\nFor the record, you can absolutely use your daytime moisturizer at night, even\nif it has SPF. It’s not going to hurt you and it’s definitely better than\nnothing. But there are some good reasons to consider using a separate\nmoisturizer at night or even a more intensive night cream.\n\nYour skin is in its peak state of repair and rebuilding at night, with the\nmajority of cell turnover and regeneration occurring when your body is in REM\nsleep. Certain products and ingredients can actually help that process along.\nNight creams are often packed with ingredients that can help soothe and repair\nthe skin, Dr. Talakoub says, such as peptides and retinol. “They are generally\nthicker and more nourishing, which is why they’re meant for night use,” she\nsays. Dr. Zeichner adds, “We know that skin hydration levels decline at night,\nmaking your nighttime moisturizer an important step.”\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * CeraVe PM Face Moisturizer, $16, Ulta\n * Drunk Elephant Protini Polypeptide Moisturizer, $68, Sephora\n * Belif The True Cream Aqua Bomb, $38, Sephora\n * Naturopathica Argan & Retinol Wrinkle Night Repair, $106, Dermstore\n\n## 8\\. Try using an overnight mask once in a while.\n\nFinding a great moisturizer is obviously crucial, but if you’re dealing with\nspecific skin concerns, it may be worth it to swap your nightly moisturizer\nfor an overnight mask a few times a month. These masks can be great for adding\neven more hydration, evening out skin tone, or reducing signs of aging.\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * Neostrata Exfoliating Overnight Mask, $62, SkinStore\n * Clinique Moisture Surge Overnight Mask, $36, Ulta\n * Erno Laszlo HydraTherapy Memory Sleep Mask, $95, SkinStore\n * Watermelon Glow Sleeping Mask, $45, Glow Recipe\n * Tony Moly Cat’s Purrfect Night Mask, $19, Ulta\n * Paula’s Choice Super Hydrate Over Night Mask, $34, Paula’s Choice\n\n## 9\\. Don’t underestimate the moisturizing powers of your other products.\n\nConsistently using the right type of moisturizer for your skin is the absolute\nbest way to make sure your skin stays hydrated and healthy. But other steps of\nyour skin-care routine can help, too!\n\nFor instance, serums containing ingredients like glycerin, hyaluronic acid,\nand squalane provide an extra boost of hydration under your moisturizer. Face\nmists can help keep your skin feeling refreshed and hydrated during the day.\nAnd there are even hydrating cleansers and toners to start you off on the\nright (and most hydrated) note every morning.\n\nProducts to try:\n\n * Murad Hydrating Toner, $34, Sephora\n * CeraVe Hydrating Face Wash, $14, Amazon\n * Innisfree Green Tea Hydrating Cleansing Foam, $10, Sephora\n * PCA SKIN Hyaluronic Acid Boosting Serum, $115, SkinStore\n * Dermalogica Skin Hydrating Booster, $64, Dermstore\n * Avène Thermal Spring Water, $14, Dermstore\n\nAll products featured on SELF are independently selected by our editors. If\nyou buy something through our retail links, we may earn an affiliate\ncommission.\n\nRelated:\n\n * Your Skin-Care Routine Actually Only Needs These 3 Things\n * How to Find a Moisturizer That Won’t Leave Your Face a Greasy Mess\n * Here’s Exactly How and When to Use 5 Basic Skin-Care Staples\n\nJenn Sinrich is a Boston-based freelance writer, editor, and content\nstrategist with a passion for all things beauty and health. In addition to\nSELF, she contributes to publications including TotalBeauty.com, Glam, Women's\nHealth, Marie Claire, PureWow, Parents and Romper.\n\nSarah Jacoby is the Associate News Director at SELF. She's an experienced\nhealth and science journalist who is particularly interested in the science of\nskin care, sexual and reproductive health, drugs and drug policy, and mental\nhealth. Sarah is a graduate of NYU's Science, Health, and Environmental\nReporting Program and... Read more\n\nSELF does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. Any information\npublished on this website or by this brand is not intended as a substitute for\nmedical advice, and you should not take any action before consulting with a\nhealthcare professional.\n\nTopicsskinMoisturizerSkin Care\n\n### Sign up for our SELF Healthy Beauty newsletter\n\nEasy and totally doable skin-care advice, the best beauty product\nrecommendations, and more, straight to your inbox every week.\n\nDiscover new workout ideas, healthy-eating recipes, makeup looks, skin-care\nadvice, the best beauty products and tips, trends, and more from SELF.\n\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and\nYour California Privacy Rights. SELF may earn a portion of sales from products\nthat are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with\nretailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed,\ntransmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written\npermission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210511012629/https://www.webmd.com/beauty/features/skin-product-amount",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How Much of Facial Products to Use: Moisturizers, Cleansers, & More",
"passages": [
"Whether you choose a gel or a cream cleanser, a dime-sized amount is all you need. For foaming cleanser, one pump should get the job done. Miami dermatologist Alicia Barba, MD, suggests washing once in the morning and twice in the evening if you wear makeup, or only once at night if you don't wear makeup.",
"If you use too much: Overusing anti-acne cleansers can leave your skin dry and irritated. \"Using more than a dime-sized amount of any cleanser will cause you to go through product a lot faster, with no extra benefits,\" says, Chicago- area dermatologist Amy Forman Taub, MD.",
"If you use too little: \"Not using enough cleanser leaves dirt, debris, and makeup on the skin, which can cause clogged pores and lead to breakouts,\" says New York City dermatologist Eric Schweiger, MD.",
"A pea-sized amount of serum gives your skin a concentrated boost of ingredients that help with hydration, exfoliation, acne, or dull skin.",
"If you use too much: Using too much of any product leaves active ingredients sitting on your skin. Some, such as exfoliating serum, can lead to stinging or peeling.",
"If you use too little: \"If you use too little serum, you will not get the maximal effect,\" Barba says.",
"Start with a dab of retinoid product for your entire face. Gradually work your way up to a nickel-sized amount if your skin can tolerate it, Schweiger says.",
"If your skin has trouble adjusting to a retinoid, ease up. Mix it with your moisturizer before applying, and use it only three times a week instead of five.",
"If you use too little: Even just a little bit of retinoid will improve your skin, but it will take longer to see results.",
"If you use too much: Using too much eye cream can leave your skin sensitive, clog your pores, and irritate your eyes. Putting too much on your skin can also make it challenging to apply your makeup.",
"If you use too little: Skimping on eye cream can leave that delicate skin dehydrated and keep makeup from lying on the skin properly, Taub says.",
"If you're using a moisturizer that suits your skin type, a nickel-sized amount should be enough for your whole face.",
"If you use too much: Overdoing moisturizer can make your skin shiny and lead to breakouts. It can also feel heavy on your skin and make it harder to put on your makeup.",
"If you use too little: Your skin may feel tight, flake, and look dull because it's not as hydrated as it could be.",
"Use a grape-sized amount for your face. For the rest of your body, you need enough sunscreen to fit in a shot glass.",
"If you use too much: \"Most people don't use enough sunscreen,\" Schweiger says. \"In this case, there is no such thing as using too much.\"",
"If you use too little: You could get sunburn. Over time, you might also get sun-damaged skin that looks old before its time. You could also get skin cancer.",
"A dab is enough to exfoliate. Taub recommends using a scrub with round beads, not jagged edges that could make small tears in your skin.",
"If you use too much: Your skin may become dry, irritated, red, and sore. Other products will sting when you put them on your face.",
"If you use too little: There's no downside.\"Scrubs are not mandatory, and they do not make or break a skin care routine,\" Barba says.",
"By clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy Policy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How Much of Facial Products to Use: Moisturizers, Cleansers, & More\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Healthy Beauty\n\n * Home\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n\n### Healthy Beauty Guide\n\n * Cosmetic Surgery\n * Cosmetics & Makeup\n * Hair Care\n * Healthy Nails\n * Spa Treatments\n * All Topics\n\n### Related Topics\n\n * Fitness & Exercise\n * Hair Loss\n * Healthy Aging\n * Skin Problems & Treatments\n * Psoriasis\n * Women's Health\n * More Related Topics\n\n * Healthy Beauty\n\n * Feature Stories\n\n#### Psoriasis: Simple Skin Care Tips\n\n# How Much Product Should You Use?\n\nBy Paige Herman-Axel\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nGet better results from your skin care products by using them the right way.\n\nFrom cleansers and serums to moisturizers and more, top dermatologists share\nguidelines for how much you need to use.\n\n## Cleanser\n\nWhether you choose a gel or a cream cleanser, a dime-sized amount is all you\nneed. For foaming cleanser, one pump should get the job done. Miami\ndermatologist Alicia Barba, MD, suggests washing once in the morning and twice\nin the evening if you wear makeup, or only once at night if you don't wear\nmakeup.\n\nIf you use too much: Overusing anti-acne cleansers can leave your skin dry and\nirritated. \"Using more than a dime-sized amount of any cleanser will cause you\nto go through product a lot faster, with no extra benefits,\" says, Chicago-\narea dermatologist Amy Forman Taub, MD.\n\nIf you use too little: \"Not using enough cleanser leaves dirt, debris, and\nmakeup on the skin, which can cause clogged pores and lead to breakouts,\" says\nNew York City dermatologist Eric Schweiger, MD.\n\n## Serum\n\nA pea-sized amount of serum gives your skin a concentrated boost of\ningredients that help with hydration, exfoliation, acne, or dull skin.\n\nIf you use too much: Using too much of any product leaves active ingredients\nsitting on your skin. Some, such as exfoliating serum, can lead to stinging or\npeeling.\n\nIf you use too little: \"If you use too little serum, you will not get the\nmaximal effect,\" Barba says.\n\n## Retinoid\n\nStart with a dab of retinoid product for your entire face. Gradually work your\nway up to a nickel-sized amount if your skin can tolerate it, Schweiger says.\n\nIf your skin has trouble adjusting to a retinoid, ease up. Mix it with your\nmoisturizer before applying, and use it only three times a week instead of\nfive.\n\nIf you use too much: Using more than the recommended amount can lead to\ndryness, redness, and peeling.\n\nIf you use too little: Even just a little bit of retinoid will improve your\nskin, but it will take longer to see results.\n\n#### Continued\n\n## Eye Cream\n\nDon't slather on eye cream. A pea-sized amount for each eye is more than\nenough.\n\nIf you use too much: Using too much eye cream can leave your skin sensitive,\nclog your pores, and irritate your eyes. Putting too much on your skin can\nalso make it challenging to apply your makeup.\n\nIf you use too little: Skimping on eye cream can leave that delicate skin\ndehydrated and keep makeup from lying on the skin properly, Taub says.\n\n## Moisturizer\n\nIf you're using a moisturizer that suits your skin type, a nickel-sized amount\nshould be enough for your whole face.\n\nIf you use too much: Overdoing moisturizer can make your skin shiny and lead\nto breakouts. It can also feel heavy on your skin and make it harder to put on\nyour makeup.\n\nIf you use too little: Your skin may feel tight, flake, and look dull because\nit's not as hydrated as it could be.\n\n## Sunscreen\n\nUse a grape-sized amount for your face. For the rest of your body, you need\nenough sunscreen to fit in a shot glass.\n\nIf you use too much: \"Most people don't use enough sunscreen,\" Schweiger says.\n\"In this case, there is no such thing as using too much.\"\n\nIf you use too little: You could get sunburn. Over time, you might also get\nsun-damaged skin that looks old before its time. You could also get skin\ncancer.\n\n## Facial Scrub\n\nA dab is enough to exfoliate. Taub recommends using a scrub with round beads,\nnot jagged edges that could make small tears in your skin.\n\nIf you use too much: Your skin may become dry, irritated, red, and sore. Other\nproducts will sting when you put them on your face.\n\nIf you use too little: There's no downside.\"Scrubs are not mandatory, and they\ndo not make or break a skin care routine,\" Barba says.\n\nWebMD Feature Reviewed by Debra Jaliman, MD on September 19, 2013\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES:\n\nEric Schweiger, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology, Mount Sinai\nHospital, New York.\n\nAmy Forman Taub, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology, Northwestern\nUniversity Medical School, Chicago; founder, Advanced Dermatology,\nLincolnshire, IL.\n\nAlicia Barba, MD, Barba Dermatology and Barba Skin Clinic, Miami.\n\n© 2013 WebMD, LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Hair Going Gray? Here’s Why\n * Makeup Dos and Don’ts\n * Safest Ways to Straighten Your Hair\n * Stretch Marks Getting Under Your Skin?\n\n### Today on Radiance\n\n#### Beauty Oils: Benefits of Coconut, Argan, and More\n\nThe benefits of coconut, argan, tea tree and more.\n\n#### Sun Safety: Tips to Help Save Your Skin From Damage\n\nTips to help save your skin from damage.\n\n#### Reduce Wrinkles: 9 Secrets to Smoother Skin\n\n9 secrets of smoother skin.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Age-Defying Makeup Tricks\n\nVideo\n\n#### Foot Care Made Simple\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Are You Making These Beauty Mistakes?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Banish the Bags Under Your Eyes\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Best Styles for Your Hair Type\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Foods for Beautiful Skin\n\nQuiz\n\n#### Think You Know How to Care for Your Hair?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Secrets for Stunning Eyes\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Do You Need a Special Eye Cream?\n * The Benefits of Botox\n * Guide to a Perfect Pedi\n * How Safe is Hair Dye?\n * When Fashion Hurts\n * Beauty Time-Savers\n\n## Get Skin Care Tips In Your Inbox\n\n### Skin care and wellness tips to help you look and feel your best. Sign up\nfor the Good Health newsletter.\n\nBy clicking Subscribe, I agree to the WebMD Terms & Conditions & Privacy\nPolicy and understand that I may opt out of WebMD subscriptions at any time.\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Discover Immunotherapy\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Give the Gift of Life\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2019 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211216182832/https://www.everydayhealth.com/skin-and-beauty/skin-care-101/get-a-good-moisturizer.aspx",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer",
"passages": [
"Feel overwhelmed when you want to buy skin moisturizer for your dry skin? That’s no surprise, as there are dozens to choose from at the drugstore and hundreds more at high-end cosmetics and department stores — creams, lotions, ointments, some with sunscreen, others with an exfoliant. Choices range from the basic $1.50 jar of petroleum jelly to a $500 five-ounce tub of designer skin moisturizer. And all the options in between can make your head spin.",
"While choosing the right skin moisturizer may seem confusing, it’s actually very simple if you follow a few guidelines, says dermatologist Monica Halem, MD, of ColumbiaDoctors Eastside in New York City. Dr. Halem’s first rule of thumb? Don’t spend too much money.",
"Cleansers and moisturizers are the most important skin products, particularly for softening dry skin. A skin moisturizer works by sealing moisture into the outer layer of the skin and by pulling moisture from the inner layers of skin to the outer layer.",
"Key ingredients that seal in moisture are petrolatum, mineral oil, lanolin, and dimethicone. Glycerin, propylene glycol, proteins, urea, and vitamins help attract water into the outer layer of the skin.",
"Some skin moisturizers also contain an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), which exfoliates dead skin, says Francesca Fusco, MD, assistant clinical professor of dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City and a spokeswoman for the Skin Cancer Foundation. AHAs are a good choice if you have very dry skin.",
"It may take some trial and error, Halem says, so be patient. Follow these guidelines as you shop and, if you’re not getting the results you want, try a new one the next time:",
"Note the first five ingredients. Look for common active ingredients, such as lanolin, glycerin, or petrolatum, Dr. Fusco says. Glycerin is less likely than lanolin to cause an allergic reaction, she says. She also recommends picking a moisturizer that’s made by a reputable company.",
"Go for added sunscreen. Protecting your skin from harmful sun damage is one of the best things you can do to keep your skin looking young, so buy a moisturizer with a sun protection factor of at least 30. You’ll have to do some searching, but more companies are offering face and body moisturizers with sunscreen, Halem says.",
"Make it skin-type appropriate. The skin on your face is thinner and more sensitive, so it’s a good idea to use a different moisturizer on your face than you do on your body, Fusco says and recommends buying one that’s labeled “non-comedogenic” because it won’t clog your pores. Of course, choose one that’s right for your skin type. If you know you have sensitive skin, it’s always a good idea to look for a moisturizer labeled hypoallergenic. If you have oily skin, go with a light, oil-free moisturizer. If you have dry skin, get something richer. And if you have combination skin, go with a lighter moisturizer for your whole face and dot drier areas with a heavier cream, Fusco says. Keep in mind that you may need a lighter lotion in the summer, and a cream or ointment in the winter.",
"Consider using a moisturizer with retinol before bed. Retinol is vitamin A for your skin, Halem says. It works by increasing the speed at which your skin cells turn over. You can find it over the counter or by prescription, but use it carefully as it may cause a skin irritation, red skin, or dry skin.",
"If your skin is very dry, consider a prescription moisturizer. Prescription moisturizers contain the AHA lactic acid, which softens the top layer of your skin and can do a better job if over-the-counter moisturizers aren’t working for you, Fusco says. AHAs such as lactic acid and glycolic acid can cause an allergic reaction in some people. Tell your doctor if you experience burning, irritation, red skin, itching, or a rash.",
"Another prescription option is a barrier cream, which contains humectants that hold on to moisture longer, Fusco says. Barrier creams penetrate a little deeper than standard moisturizers, she adds.",
"Once you find the right product, moisturize every day and you’ll go a long way toward preventing dry skin and even camouflaging wrinkles. While a skin moisturizer can’t get rid of wrinkles — because wrinkles begin much deeper in the skin due to collagen loss — it can plump up the skin and minimize their appearance, Halem says.",
"Whichever moisturizer you choose, it will work better if you apply it to damp skin. Think about a sponge that’s dried out, Fusco says. If you put moisturizer on it, it won’t go anywhere. But if you soak the sponge in water and coat it with moisturizer, the sponge will absorb it. Your skin works the same way, happily lapping it up.",
"These newer personal care products promise to fight germs and prevent dry skin. Here’s what board-certified dermatologists think of them.",
"Do you need to shower every day? Wash your hands with scalding-hot water? Here's the dirt, according to health experts.",
"Lab tests suggest that more than half of cosmetics sold in the United States and Canada may contain high levels of the chemical. U.S. legislators recently...",
"A renowned plastic surgeon, recognized as a Castle Connolly Top Doctor, discusses the factors that affect our skin’s appearance, and how patients can ...",
"A bellwether state for federal efforts, California just became the first in the nation to ban certain chemicals from cosmetics and personal-care ingredients...",
"© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally registered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third parties without explicit permission."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer | Everyday Health\n\nSkin & Beauty\n\n# How to Find the Right Skin Moisturizer\n\nKnowing what your skin needs will help you make the right decision. (Hint:\nChoose one with sunscreen.)\n\nBy Marie SuszynskiMedically Reviewed by Lindsey Marcellin, MD, MPH\n\nReviewed: June 25, 2010\n\nMedically Reviewed\n\nShutterstock\n\nFeel overwhelmed when you want to buy skin moisturizer for your dry skin?\nThat’s no surprise, as there are dozens to choose from at the drugstore and\nhundreds more at high-end cosmetics and department stores — creams, lotions,\nointments, some with sunscreen, others with an exfoliant. Choices range from\nthe basic $1.50 jar of petroleum jelly to a $500 five-ounce tub of designer\nskin moisturizer. And all the options in between can make your head spin.\n\nWhile choosing the right skin moisturizer may seem confusing, it’s actually\nvery simple if you follow a few guidelines, says dermatologist Monica Halem,\nMD, of ColumbiaDoctors Eastside in New York City. Dr. Halem’s first rule of\nthumb? Don’t spend too much money.\n\nHow a Skin Moisturizer Works\n\nCleansers and moisturizers are the most important skin products, particularly\nfor softening dry skin. A skin moisturizer works by sealing moisture into the\nouter layer of the skin and by pulling moisture from the inner layers of skin\nto the outer layer.\n\nKey ingredients that seal in moisture are petrolatum, mineral oil, lanolin,\nand dimethicone. Glycerin, propylene glycol, proteins, urea, and vitamins help\nattract water into the outer layer of the skin.\n\nSome skin moisturizers also contain an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), which\nexfoliates dead skin, says Francesca Fusco, MD, assistant clinical professor\nof dermatology at Mount Sinai School of Medicine in New York City and a\nspokeswoman for the Skin Cancer Foundation. AHAs are a good choice if you have\nvery dry skin.\n\nFinding the Skin Moisturizer For You\n\nIt may take some trial and error, Halem says, so be patient. Follow these\nguidelines as you shop and, if you’re not getting the results you want, try a\nnew one the next time:\n\n * Note the first five ingredients. Look for common active ingredients, such as lanolin, glycerin, or petrolatum, Dr. Fusco says. Glycerin is less likely than lanolin to cause an allergic reaction, she says. She also recommends picking a moisturizer that’s made by a reputable company.\n * Go for added sunscreen. Protecting your skin from harmful sun damage is one of the best things you can do to keep your skin looking young, so buy a moisturizer with a sun protection factor of at least 30. You’ll have to do some searching, but more companies are offering face and body moisturizers with sunscreen, Halem says.\n * Make it skin-type appropriate. The skin on your face is thinner and more sensitive, so it’s a good idea to use a different moisturizer on your face than you do on your body, Fusco says and recommends buying one that’s labeled “non-comedogenic” because it won’t clog your pores. Of course, choose one that’s right for your skin type. If you know you have sensitive skin, it’s always a good idea to look for a moisturizer labeled hypoallergenic. If you have oily skin, go with a light, oil-free moisturizer. If you have dry skin, get something richer. And if you have combination skin, go with a lighter moisturizer for your whole face and dot drier areas with a heavier cream, Fusco says. Keep in mind that you may need a lighter lotion in the summer, and a cream or ointment in the winter.\n * Consider using a moisturizer with retinol before bed. Retinol is vitamin A for your skin, Halem says. It works by increasing the speed at which your skin cells turn over. You can find it over the counter or by prescription, but use it carefully as it may cause a skin irritation, red skin, or dry skin.\n\nRelief by Prescription\n\nIf your skin is very dry, consider a prescription moisturizer. Prescription\nmoisturizers contain the AHA lactic acid, which softens the top layer of your\nskin and can do a better job if over-the-counter moisturizers aren’t working\nfor you, Fusco says. AHAs such as lactic acid and glycolic acid can cause an\nallergic reaction in some people. Tell your doctor if you experience burning,\nirritation, red skin, itching, or a rash.\n\nAnother prescription option is a barrier cream, which contains humectants that\nhold on to moisture longer, Fusco says. Barrier creams penetrate a little\ndeeper than standard moisturizers, she adds.\n\nWhen to Moisturize\n\nOnce you find the right product, moisturize every day and you’ll go a long way\ntoward preventing dry skin and even camouflaging wrinkles. While a skin\nmoisturizer can’t get rid of wrinkles — because wrinkles begin much deeper in\nthe skin due to collagen loss — it can plump up the skin and minimize their\nappearance, Halem says.\n\nWhichever moisturizer you choose, it will work better if you apply it to damp\nskin. Think about a sponge that’s dried out, Fusco says. If you put\nmoisturizer on it, it won’t go anywhere. But if you soak the sponge in water\nand coat it with moisturizer, the sponge will absorb it. Your skin works the\nsame way, happily lapping it up.\n\nGet more tips for dry winter skin.\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nSign up for our Healthy Skin Newsletter!\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\n## The Latest in Skin & Beauty\n\n### Do Hand Sanitizer Lotions Actually Work?\n\nThese newer personal care products promise to fight germs and prevent dry\nskin. Here’s what board-certified dermatologists think of them.\n\nBy Leah GrothDecember 3, 2021\n\n### What Is Niacinamide? Health Benefits, Usage, Supplements, Side Effects,\nand More\n\nBy Jessica MigalaOctober 26, 2021\n\n### Smart Health: I Tried the Opte Precision Skincare Device for My Dark Spots\n— and Here’s What Happened\n\nBy Leah GrothSeptember 14, 2021\n\n### 5 Common Hygiene Myths You Shouldn’t Believe\n\nDo you need to shower every day? Wash your hands with scalding-hot water?\nHere's the dirt, according to health experts.\n\nBy Leah GrothAugust 10, 2021\n\n### Which Collagen Sources Should You Try?\n\nFrom powders and gummies to foods and topicals, here’s a list of collagen\nsources ranked from best to worst.\n\nBy Jessica MigalaJuly 20, 2021\n\n### Potentially Toxic Chemicals Called PFAS Are Common in Cosmetics, Study\nFinds\n\nLab tests suggest that more than half of cosmetics sold in the United States\nand Canada may contain high levels of the chemical. U.S. legislators\nrecently...\n\nBy Lisa RapaportJune 22, 2021\n\n### 6 Places You're Missing When You Apply Sunscreen\n\nNo matter how thorough your SPF routine, these are the spots experts say are\noften overlooked.\n\nBy Moira LawlerMay 14, 2021\n\n### Ask a Castle Connolly Top Doctor: How Aging and Gravity Affect Your Skin\n\nA renowned plastic surgeon, recognized as a Castle Connolly Top Doctor,\ndiscusses the factors that affect our skin’s appearance, and how patients can\n...\n\nBy February 11, 2021\n\n### Clean Beauty 101: A Comprehensive Guide\n\nBy Jessica MigalaJanuary 29, 2021\n\n### California Bans 24 Toxic Chemicals From Personal-Care Products: What to\nKnow\n\nA bellwether state for federal efforts, California just became the first in\nthe nation to ban certain chemicals from cosmetics and personal-care\ningredients...\n\nBy Rachel Jacoby ZoldanJanuary 14, 2021\n\nMost Helpful\n\n### 10 Natural Dry-Skin Remedies You Can DIY at Home\n\n### 8 Habits That May Contribute to Premature Skin Aging\n\n### 10 Surprising Causes of Dry Skin\n\nWellness inspired. Wellness enabled.\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Editorial Policy\n * Newsletters\n * Privacy Policy\n * Health News\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Terms of Use\n * Contact Us\n * Feedback\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Information\n * Popular Topics\n * AdChoice\n\nNEWSLETTERS\n\nGet the best in health and wellness\n\nBy subscribing you agree to the Terms of Use and Privacy Policy.\n\nA PROPERTY OFEHGLogo\n\nMore From Everyday Health: Castle Connolly Top DoctorsMigraine AgainDailyOM\n\n© 1996-2021 Everyday Health, Inc. Everyday Health is among the federally\nregistered trademarks of Everyday Health, Inc. and may not be used by third\nparties without explicit permission.\n\nBadgesBadgesBadgesBadgesBadges\n\n"
}
] |
8,710,520 | How To Make Pumpkin Seeds in the Oven | After you've cut up your pumpkin and removed the seeds, spread them out evenly on a baking sheet. Drizzle olive oil over the seeds to add flavor and help seasoning stick better. To make salt and vinegar seeds, sprinkle 1 teaspoon of salt and 2 to 3 tablespoons of balsamic vinegar over them. If you'd rather have a sesame ginger taste, cover the seeds with sesame oil, soy sauce, sugar, and ground ginger. To roast the seeds, place them in the oven for 15 minutes at 300 °F. If they're not golden brown, cook the seeds for another 5 minutes. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180324005612/http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20220112044409/https://www.pillsbury.com/everyday-eats/snacks/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210705150909/https://ohsheglows.com/2012/09/17/how-to-roast-perfect-pumpkin-seeds-easy-crunchy-addictive/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190125061640/https://www.bettycrocker.com/how-to/tipslibrary/ingredients/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds"
] | train | 2,603 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180324005612/http://www.wholefoodsmarket.com:80/blog/whole-story/roast-or-toast-pumpkin-seeds",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds",
"passages": [
"Even as a kid, I was never much for candy. After dressing up and trick-or- treating, my favorite thing about Halloween was when Mom would roast the pumpkin seeds. They were delicious, although much harder to get at since they weren’t shelled! Halloween was my one and only experience with pumpkin seeds, until I moved to Texas where I was introduced to the wonderful world of “pepitas.” Spiced, toasted, raw and more, there they were again. My favorite little Halloween treat, only shelled and prepared in ways Mom never dreamed of!",
"You probably know that pumpkins are native to North America. But did you know they were part of the native diet for literally thousands of years, especially in the Southwest? Every part of the pumpkin was used for food, including the seeds. Even the Native Americans could not resist that sweet, subtle flavor! They were also very well aware of the great benefit to the body that came to them from eating those pumpkins, including the seeds. Native Americans even used the seeds for medicinal purposes. Small and light green in color, these little guys have an impressive nutritional profile. In about 3 1⁄2 tablespoons (one ounce), you get:",
"5.4 grams of gamma-tocopherol , a form of vitamin E that helps to prevent oxidation of fats and provides antioxidant activity",
"Although pumpkin seeds make a great snack, they are so much more versatile. For added flavor, toast shelled seeds in a dry skillet for about 5 minutes over medium heat, stirring (almost) constantly. Watch carefully so they don’t burn! Or, roast the shelled seeds in your oven at 325°F for about 20 to 25 minutes. Here are some fun and unique ways you can add pumpkin seeds to your menu:",
"This recipe for Roasted Pumpkin Seeds is almost identical to what Mom used to make from our Jack-o-Lantern pumpkin every Halloween.",
"Roast or toast with seasonings such as chili powder, cayenne, cumin, coriander and any other spice that suits your fancy! This Spicy Tamari Pumpkin Seeds recipe is just what I’m talking about.",
"Roast with dried herbs such as thyme, oregano, parsley and rosemary. (Roasting with dried herbs and parmesan or Romano cheese is an out-of-this-world experience!)",
"They’re great as a garnish for beef or vegetable stew. Here is a great recipe for Guatemalan Chicken Stew with Tomatillo Sauce.",
"Add them to muffins, pancakes, cookies, granola and other baked goods such as this recipe for Flax and Pumpkin Seed Corn Bread.",
"Roast or toast and garnish salads, slaw and even Caesar salad! Try this idea for Roasted Corn and Tomato Pasta Salad or this idea for a Fall Greens Salad with Pumpkin Seeds and Asiago.",
"Add to pesto sauce in place of or along with pine nuts. That’s what we did with our recipe for Pumpkin Seed Pesto.",
"Remember that pumpkin seeds are packed with polyunsaturated fat. That means their oils are sensitive and can go rancid quickly. If you store them in the refrigerator in an air-tight container, they will keep for up to six months, and in the freezer for up to a year. Toasted or roasted seeds should always be kept cold as the oils are more susceptible to rancidity once cooked. If not refrigerated, keep them air-tight and use them within six to eight weeks of purchasing. Do you love pumpkin seeds, too? Got a favorite recipe? Let me know!",
"As the world’s leading natural and organic grocer we’re all about healthy food and a healthy planet, and we've got bunches of passionate people in our community doing incredible things. Join in the conversation!",
"We have sent a confirmation email to {* emailAddressData *}. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds | Whole Foods Market\n\nSkip to main content\n\nWhole Foods Market\n\nWholeFoods Market\n\n## Main navigation\n\nMain Menu\n\n# Whole Story\n\nThe Official Whole Foods Market® Blog\n\nHome » Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds\n\n## Roast or Toast Pumpkin Seeds\n\nTweet\n\nBy Alana Sugar, October 25, 2010 | More posts by Alana Sugar\n\n## 83_roasted_pumpkin_seeds_0.jpg\n\nEven as a kid, I was never much for candy. After dressing up and trick-or-\ntreating, my favorite thing about Halloween was when Mom would roast the\npumpkin seeds. They were delicious, although much harder to get at since they\nweren’t shelled! Halloween was my one and only experience with pumpkin seeds,\nuntil I moved to Texas where I was introduced to the wonderful world of\n“pepitas.” Spiced, toasted, raw and more, there they were again. My favorite\nlittle Halloween treat, only shelled and prepared in ways Mom never dreamed\nof!\n\n## chicken_molepumpkinseed_0.jpg\n\nYou probably know that pumpkins are native to North America. But did you know\nthey were part of the native diet for literally thousands of years, especially\nin the Southwest? Every part of the pumpkin was used for food, including the\nseeds. Even the Native Americans could not resist that sweet, subtle flavor!\nThey were also very well aware of the great benefit to the body that came to\nthem from eating those pumpkins, including the seeds. Native Americans even\nused the seeds for medicinal purposes. Small and light green in color, these\nlittle guys have an impressive nutritional profile. In about 3 1⁄2 tablespoons\n(one ounce), you get:\n\n * 7 grams of protein\n * 2 mgs of zinc\n * 4 mgs of iron\n * 5.4 grams of gamma-tocopherol , a form of vitamin E that helps to prevent oxidation of fats and provides antioxidant activity\n * Phytosterols – plant compounds which may help keep cholesterol levels healthy\n\n## 537_fall_greens_salad_0.jpg\n\nAlthough pumpkin seeds make a great snack, they are so much more versatile.\nFor added flavor, toast shelled seeds in a dry skillet for about 5 minutes\nover medium heat, stirring (almost) constantly. Watch carefully so they don’t\nburn! Or, roast the shelled seeds in your oven at 325°F for about 20 to 25\nminutes. Here are some fun and unique ways you can add pumpkin seeds to your\nmenu:\n\n * This recipe for Roasted Pumpkin Seeds is almost identical to what Mom used to make from our Jack-o-Lantern pumpkin every Halloween.\n * Roast or toast with seasonings such as chili powder, cayenne, cumin, coriander and any other spice that suits your fancy! This Spicy Tamari Pumpkin Seeds recipe is just what I’m talking about.\n * Roast with dried herbs such as thyme, oregano, parsley and rosemary. (Roasting with dried herbs and parmesan or Romano cheese is an out-of-this-world experience!)\n\n## 2388_guatemalan_chicken_stew_0.jpg\n\n * Don’t forget the sweet spices, too: Cinnamon, nutmeg, cardamom, cloves and allspice.\n * Roast or toast and garnish grain dishes, breakfast cereals and pilafs.\n * Roast or toast and garnish roasted root vegetables, steamed vegetables or sautéed vegetables.\n * Roast or toast and garnish soups such as corn, pumpkin, butternut squash or vegetable.\n * They’re great as a garnish for beef or vegetable stew. Here is a great recipe for Guatemalan Chicken Stew with Tomatillo Sauce.\n * Roast or toast and garnish enchiladas, tacos, chalupas, tamales and migas.\n * Add them to muffins, pancakes, cookies, granola and other baked goods such as this recipe for Flax and Pumpkin Seed Corn Bread.\n * Grind them up and add them to specialty sauces such as Mole. Here’s a Pumpkin Seed Mole with Chicken.\n * Roast or toast and garnish salads, slaw and even Caesar salad! Try this idea for Roasted Corn and Tomato Pasta Salad or this idea for a Fall Greens Salad with Pumpkin Seeds and Asiago.\n * Make trail mix and add pumpkin seeds.\n * Throw a small handful into a smoothie with fruit or yogurt.\n\n## 1991_pumpkin_seed_pesto_0.jpg\n\n * Roast or toast and garnish ice cream, yogurt, fresh fruit salads or non-dairy desserts.\n * Incredibly yummy as a garnish on dark chocolate cake!\n * Cook whole grain pasta; toss with olive oil, garlic, Reggiano Parmesan and roasted pumpkin seeds.\n * Add to pesto sauce in place of or along with pine nuts. That’s what we did with our recipe for Pumpkin Seed Pesto.\n * ADD THEM TO CHOCOLATE CHIP COOKIES. YOU WILL NEVER LOOK BACK!\n\nRemember that pumpkin seeds are packed with polyunsaturated fat. That means\ntheir oils are sensitive and can go rancid quickly. If you store them in the\nrefrigerator in an air-tight container, they will keep for up to six months,\nand in the freezer for up to a year. Toasted or roasted seeds should always be\nkept cold as the oils are more susceptible to rancidity once cooked. If not\nrefrigerated, keep them air-tight and use them within six to eight weeks of\npurchasing. Do you love pumpkin seeds, too? Got a favorite recipe? Let me\nknow!\n\n## Related Posts\n\nTry the Trend: Dutch Baby Pancakes\n\n6 Mediterranean-Inspired Recipes for Spring\n\n5 Irish-inspired Recipes to Celebrate St. Patrick’s Day\n\nSweet and Saucy: Fruit Salsas for Spring Fish Dishes\n\nLooking for More Than 3.14 Ways to Celebrate National Pi Day?\n\nHow to Make Dinner in 30 Minutes or Less\n\nTry the Trend: Salad Rolls\n\n#SelfCare Isn't Just for Sundays: One Nutritionist's Cozy Menu\n\nYour 4-Step Guide to Making Juice at Home\n\nYour New Secret Winter Ingredient: Tea\n\n## Recent Posts\n\n## SmartSweets-Tara-Founder_lead.jpg\n\nSupplier Stories: SmartSweets and Its Stevia-sweetened Gummy Bears\n\n## theoliveandmango_Dutchbaby.jpg\n\nTry the Trend: Dutch Baby Pancakes\n\n## Beauty_Bag_2018_Horizontal_98.jpg\n\nA Big, Beautiful Sale, Plus the Limited Edition Beauty Bag You Need\n\n## Chilled Barley Salad with Spicy Hummus Dressing.jpg\n\n6 Mediterranean-Inspired Recipes for Spring\n\n## sodabread3.jpg\n\n5 Irish-inspired Recipes to 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{
"original_url": "https://www.pillsbury.com/everyday-eats/snacks/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20220112044409/https://www.pillsbury.com/everyday-eats/snacks/how-to-roast-pumpkin-seeds",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Roast Pumpkin Seeds",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "How to Roast Pumpkin Seeds - Pillsbury.com\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://ohsheglows.com/2012/09/17/how-to-roast-perfect-pumpkin-seeds-easy-crunchy-addictive/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210705150909/https://ohsheglows.com/2012/09/17/how-to-roast-perfect-pumpkin-seeds-easy-crunchy-addictive/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive! – Oh She Glows",
"passages": [
"It was heart-breaking, especially since I wasn’t convinced it was even worth the effort in the first place. All that seed cleaning and pumpkin de-stringing – I didn’t even get to enjoy the fruits of my labour. Hrmph.",
"Here is the part that no one told me about: The inner seeds cook much faster than the outer shell. I kept peeking in the oven and everything looked fine on the outside. Little did I know, the inner seeds were burnt to smithereens.",
"Well, thank goodness I didn’t give up after that first miserable attempt! My life just wouldn’t be complete without roasted pumpkin seeds.",
"I’m happy to say, the second batch didn’t just work, it blew my mind! The cup of seeds I roasted did not last long between the two of us. Every pass by the kitchen was an excuse to grab a crispy handful off the pan.",
"Today, I’m sharing my secrets for a fantastic batch of roasted pumpkin seeds. If you’ve ever doubted they were worth the effort or had so-so results, I beg you to try this one last time. Only I know it won’t be the last time, but the start of a life-long obsession. Watch out pumpkins, we’re coming for ya!",
"1. Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to meticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The best way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk the seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it apart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster this way.",
"Note: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than carving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super crispy!",
"2. Boil for 10 minutes in salt water. Using Elise’s method for inspiration, I added the pumpkin seeds to a medium-sized pot of water along with 1 tsp salt. Bring it to a boil and reduce the heat to simmer, uncovered, for about 10 minutes over low-medium heat. Apparently, this method helps make the pumpkin seeds easier to digest and produces a crispy outer shell during roasting. If you are short on time, you can totally skip this step! They will still turn out lovely.",
"3. Drain the seeds in a colander and dry lightly with a paper towel or tea towel. The seeds will stick to the towel, but just rub them off with your fingers. Don’t worry, they don’t have to be bone dry – just a light pat down.",
"4. Spread seeds onto a baking sheet and drizzle with extra virgin olive oil (I only needed to use about 1/2-1 tsp). Massage oil into seeds and add a generous sprinkle of Herbamare (or fine grain sea salt will do). Try to spread out the seeds as thin as possible with minor overlapping.",
"5. Roast seeds at 325F for 10 minutes. Remove from oven and stir. Roast for another 8-10 minutes (if your oven temp is wonky, this bake time could vary a lot!). During the last 5 minutes of roasting, remove a few seeds and crack open to make sure the inner seeds are not burning (you don’t want the inner seed brown). Cool a couple and pop them into your mouth to test. They are ready when the shell is super crispy and easy to bite through. The inner seed should have only a hint of golden tinge to it. They should not be brown.",
"6. EAT! Remove from oven, add a bit more Herbamare, and dig in! Ah, so good, so good! There is no need to remove the outer shell; it’s quite possibly the best part.",
"I had no idea I was going to love freshly roasted pumpkin seeds so much. I love how crispy the outer shell is and how fun it is to crunch. They taste a bit like popcorn, but they are much crunchier, filling, and of course packed with nutrition.",
"Yes, pumpkin seeds are super healthy for you! They are packed with iron, magnesium, fibre, zinc, potassium, healthy fats, protein, and tryptophan (which can boost your mood and help you sleep). Vegans & vegetarians have been using pumpkin seeds for years as a natural source of iron. I think it’s just about my favourite way to get iron, next to Iron Woman Gingerbread Smoothies, of course. Be sure to pair it with Vitamin C to absorb the most iron you can.",
"I want to buy pumpkins just to be able to roast another batch of seeds. And of course, make homemade pumpkin puree. I’m already looking forward to making some different flavour combos – maybe garlic powder, cayenne, rosemary, brown sugar or cinnamon, nutmeg, ground cloves, etc would both be nice to try out? I can’t wait to experiment...many ideas are a-swirlin’ in my...stomach.",
"Thanks for the recipe! It worked out great. I divided the pan when I seasoned the seeds: 1/4 sea salt, 1/4 salt & garlic powder and 1/2 Old Bay seasoning. Guess which one I hoped what the best? (It was)!",
"I just wanted to mention for your pumpkin seeds a great topping with some kick to it, is sprinkling on some Clubhouse spices in Chipotle, so delicious, i also use this on kale chips, gives you awesome taste and if you like a bit of heat with your chips.",
"I just made these. I’ve never done them before and I must say it was very easy to do and the seeds are delicious. I will definately do them again.",
"How do you store them so they stay crunchy? They turned out super crunchy from the oven. I let them cool completely, and then put them into a plastic container but they were soft and chewy the next day.",
"I’ve never been able to get roasted pumpkin seeds to work...these worked and are soooo good. I agree they taste like popcorn!",
"Oh dear Lord, you are my hero. I’ve been sitting here for about 15 minutes looking up various ways to toast/roast pumpkin seeds and I’ve seen everything from “cook for ten minutes” to “cook for 45 minutes.” I don’t even want to know what those 45 minute ones will look like. But then as I’m continuing in my Google search I see, “The first time I toasted pumpkin seeds I burnt the crap out of them.” FINALLY, someone who speaks my language! Oh my, you had me laughing from the get-go. You are now a permanent bookmark, go-to, “what’s for dinner?” landmark in my computer. Thank you, thank you for making my day and keeping it real!",
"All squash seeds are good roasted – today I have acorn squash seeds. And cumin, garlic powder and cayenne. Yum.",
"Made these tonight and they turned out great. Whenever I roasted pumpkin seeds before I always burned them. Thank you! I never knew about boiling them first.",
"Delicious. It took another 10 minutes; total 20 to cook. Tried sprinkling garlic powder on some, cayenne pepper on another section and sea salt on the rest. Each has a unique and great aftertaste. Thank you for the clear directions.",
"I used this on pumpkin seeds last fall (fabulous results) but have been using it on my butternut squash seeds after making soup and it’s every bit as tasty — love it!",
"Mine are in the oven right now and I just taste tested....the outer part of the seed is like a hard shell.....its like biting into a shell.....the middle tastes good have I done something wrong?",
"Hey how about cleaning the seeds, boiling in water to clean off, then adding back a LITTLE of the pumpkin gook for flavor? am I overthinking this? but i do like the flavor the gunk provides but then they take a long to bake AND they run risk of overcooking.... i’ve used soy sauce with some sciracha and they were quite good..",
"Just don’t clean or boil them. Remove chunks and strings off seeds but leave gook on for flavour. I add a little salt and nothing else. Let then dry out good on a tray for a day a couple of days, stirring occasionally to keep then from sticking to the tray and each other. Then slow roast at 250 for a couple of hours. Finish at a higher heat for a few minutes if you like them a bit browner.",
"I wasn’t definitely in the category of burnt them the first time around. I hope I have better luck next time!",
"just used this recipe and it was perfect!!! the tip about boiling the seeds before putting them in the oven was great....they may or may not have been eaten in one sitting........ thanks!!!",
"Perfection! Thanks for saving halloween .... these are my treat to myself this year because I’m off sugar right now. :)",
"Here is what i am doing with pumpkin and squash seeds for a long time. Once the seeds are roasted and cooled, I grind it to a powder form. This PPS (pumpkin powdered seeds) are transferred into a glass jar and in one of the small glass containers that is typically used for spices. I use PPS, and you may wish to use it, as an additive into many cooked and cold meals, serials, drinks, smoothies, yogurts, kefirs, over the bread spreads, all at your choice. Just shake the container (something like a salt shaker) and insert or spray the PPS over the meals/drinks as desirable. I also combine the PPS with other plants and fruits powders in one container. One of my favorite, which few other people also like it, is a mixture of PPS and roasted powdered hemp seeds with 2% of spearmint powder or with 2% of xylitol natural sweetener. For those of you who did not know, Xylitol actually kills bacteria in mouth and its degree of sweetness is equal to that of regular sugar.",
"Hello, I want to thank you for helping me make truly addictive seeds!!! I just took them out of the oven and I can’t stop eating them!!! I did, however, do something a little different from your recipe. I let them dry out completely over night. They are so crispy and delicious. They also didn’t take very long to roast. I’m so glad I bought 6 pie pumpkins!! There will be so many to go around!! Thanks again!!! Robin",
"I have tried multiple different cooking methods for pumpkin seeds: boil in salt water first, don’t boil, roast at high temp for a short time or lower temp for longer time... in all cases, the seeds I get from my small sweet cooking pumpkins come out so woody that we cannot eat them.. they all end up in the garbage.. any clues? I have spent hours on the internet reading different things and none really address this well.. one person was even a bit snotty and commented “maybe you don’t really like pumpkin seeds?”! I have bought them seasoned in the States and used them on salads and none were woody and inedible like the ones I’m trying to make (and yes, the ones I bought still had the shells on..)",
"Hey Jean, Wow, I’m really not sure why that keeps happening to you despite trying out all different kinds of methods. How strange! Could it be that you prefer pepita seeds (which are shelled pumpkin seeds) rather than the whole pumpkin seeds? Pepitas are light to dark green and much softer",
"Jean, I just saw your note in passing and thought I would comment even though its been a year since you raised the question. There are multiple species in the pumpkin/squash family, and many selected varieties in each. Seeds vary by species from thin-shelled like pictured in this post, to some that are very blocky and thick-shelled. On the latter, I shell each seed as I’m eating them, like I do sunflower seeds. On the former, I find the shell tolerable to eat. Maybe you have had one of the ones with the woody, thick-shelled seeds? My personal favorite are the “naked-seeded” varieties, which I have grown in my garden. They grow no hull on the seed at all! But the trade-off is that the flesh of the pumpkin is very bland.",
"In the process of roasting seeds – going to give it another try. To clean, I threw the seeds into a ziplock bag with a bit of water, sealed it up and rubbed the baggie on the counter top. The pulp cane off very quickly. Added a little more water to the bag to get some space between pulp and seeds, and voila less than 2 minutes and i’m Scooping the floating seeds from the baggie! Clean and easy!",
"These were brilliant, I also added a bit of sugar to the final product to add a bit of a sweeter vibe and this is great because it means I don’t have to throw away the seeds!",
"NOOOOOOOO don’t take away the flavor! My seeds go out of pumpkin, out of guts, on to oiled cookie pan, salt cayenne pepper, into oven. Pumpkin “slime”? I love it, the seeds taste so much better. All the cleaning in really unnecessary, the seeds do not need it, nor do they need drying, or any other treatment. Really it is just that easy.",
"I’ve since tried them this way and I have to say this method is delicious! I’ll have to update my post.",
"I used this recipe to add a roasted pumpkin seed roof to my gingerbread house. They made perfect shingles for the roof.",
"I’ve been using this recipe for several years now, since I found it on Google. Whenever I follow it right (I’ve been accidentally using waaaaay too much olive oil; a little goes a lot farther than I think!), it makes absolutely fantastic pumpkin scenes! Last year, I made garlic powder with cayenne pepper and loved",
"Great recipe and instructions. I thought roasting pumpkin seeds would be super simply. The first time I made them, I did not look up for any directions. Dump in the pan and roast. I got burnt seeds. These instructions worked perfectly and the seeds were sooooo good.",
"Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to meticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The best way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk the seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it apart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster this way.",
"Note: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than carving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super crispy!",
"seeds is to play around with the pumpkin guts! My nephews and I were carving a pumpkin and we accidentally discovered this. They’re 4, 5, and 11 so you can easily figure out how we came up with this. Throw it all in a bowl using a knife to help cut them out. After you get the strings and seeds in a bowl, just play with it. Mash it, string it through your fingers, squish it up with your hands, whatever! My nephews pretended they were smashing each others brains like zombies (in the spirit of Halloween). The guts get absolutely ruined though. So if you’re one of those people that cooks the stringy stuff, this won’t work for you. They turn into a watery foamy mess in like 15 minutes and the seeds fall right otf",
"I’m Angela, the founder of Oh She Glows. Since 2008, I’ve been on a journey to glow from the inside out by creating crowd-pleasing plant-based recipes. I’m a New York Times Bestselling cookbook author and award-winning app creator. Click below for my full story!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive! – Oh She Glows\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nMenu\n\n# How To Roast Perfect Pumpkin Seeds – Easy, Crunchy, Addictive!\n\nSeptember 17, 2012\n\nThe first time I roasted pumpkin seeds, I burned the crap out of them.\n\nIt was heart-breaking, especially since I wasn’t convinced it was even worth\nthe effort in the first place. All that seed cleaning and pumpkin de-stringing\n– I didn’t even get to enjoy the fruits of my labour. Hrmph.\n\nHere is the part that no one told me about: The inner seeds cook much faster\nthan the outer shell. I kept peeking in the oven and everything looked fine on\nthe outside. Little did I know, the inner seeds were burnt to smithereens.\n\nWell, thank goodness I didn’t give up after that first miserable attempt! My\nlife just wouldn’t be complete without roasted pumpkin seeds.\n\nI’m happy to say, the second batch didn’t just work, it blew my mind! The cup\nof seeds I roasted did not last long between the two of us. Every pass by the\nkitchen was an excuse to grab a crispy handful off the pan.\n\nToday, I’m sharing my secrets for a fantastic batch of roasted pumpkin seeds.\nIf you’ve ever doubted they were worth the effort or had so-so results, I beg\nyou to try this one last time. Only I know it won’t be the last time, but the\nstart of a life-long obsession. Watch out pumpkins, we’re coming for ya!\n\n### How To Roast Pumpkin Seeds:\n\n1\\. Clean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to\nmeticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The\nbest way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk\nthe seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it\napart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster\nthis way.\n\nNote: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than\ncarving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super\ncrispy!\n\n2\\. Boil for 10 minutes in salt water. Using Elise’s method for inspiration, I\nadded the pumpkin seeds to a medium-sized pot of water along with 1 tsp salt.\nBring it to a boil and reduce the heat to simmer, uncovered, for about 10\nminutes over low-medium heat. Apparently, this method helps make the pumpkin\nseeds easier to digest and produces a crispy outer shell during roasting. If\nyou are short on time, you can totally skip this step! They will still turn\nout lovely.\n\n3\\. Drain the seeds in a colander and dry lightly with a paper towel or tea\ntowel. The seeds will stick to the towel, but just rub them off with your\nfingers. Don’t worry, they don’t have to be bone dry – just a light pat down.\n\n4\\. Spread seeds onto a baking sheet and drizzle with extra virgin olive oil\n(I only needed to use about 1/2-1 tsp). Massage oil into seeds and add a\ngenerous sprinkle of Herbamare (or fine grain sea salt will do). Try to spread\nout the seeds as thin as possible with minor overlapping.\n\n5\\. Roast seeds at 325F for 10 minutes. Remove from oven and stir. Roast for\nanother 8-10 minutes (if your oven temp is wonky, this bake time could vary a\nlot!). During the last 5 minutes of roasting, remove a few seeds and crack\nopen to make sure the inner seeds are not burning (you don’t want the inner\nseed brown). Cool a couple and pop them into your mouth to test. They are\nready when the shell is super crispy and easy to bite through. The inner seed\nshould have only a hint of golden tinge to it. They should not be brown.\n\n6\\. EAT! Remove from oven, add a bit more Herbamare, and dig in! Ah, so good,\nso good! There is no need to remove the outer shell; it’s quite possibly the\nbest part.\n\nI had no idea I was going to love freshly roasted pumpkin seeds so much. I\nlove how crispy the outer shell is and how fun it is to crunch. They taste a\nbit like popcorn, but they are much crunchier, filling, and of course packed\nwith nutrition.\n\nYes, pumpkin seeds are super healthy for you! They are packed with iron,\nmagnesium, fibre, zinc, potassium, healthy fats, protein, and tryptophan\n(which can boost your mood and help you sleep). Vegans & vegetarians have been\nusing pumpkin seeds for years as a natural source of iron. I think it’s just\nabout my favourite way to get iron, next to Iron Woman Gingerbread Smoothies,\nof course. Be sure to pair it with Vitamin C to absorb the most iron you can.\n\n7\\. Share with some very lucky people! (but chose them wisely...)\n\nI promise you’ll never throw the seeds out again.\n\nI want to buy pumpkins just to be able to roast another batch of seeds. And of\ncourse, make homemade pumpkin puree. I’m already looking forward to making\nsome different flavour combos – maybe garlic powder, cayenne, rosemary, brown\nsugar or cinnamon, nutmeg, ground cloves, etc would both be nice to try out? I\ncan’t wait to experiment...many ideas are a-swirlin’ in my...stomach.\n\n# Looking for more pumpkin recipes?\n\nCreamy Pumpkin Pie Smoothie for Two\n\nHow to roast a sugar pumpkin\n\nAll Natural Pumpkin Butter from Scratch (the bomb!!)\n\nPumpkin Pie Chia Pudding Parfait\n\nRaw Pumpkin Pecan Butter\n\nand about 30 more pumpkin recipes!\n\nWhat spices would YOU put on your roasted pumpkin seeds?\n\nTo email, text, or print the directions, click here.\n\nFiled Under: Anything and Everything\n\n0 0 votes\n\nRecipe Rating\n\nSubscribe\n\n483 Comments\n\nInline Feedbacks\n\nView all comments\n\n\"Frog\"\n\n5 years ago\n\nThanks for the recipe! It worked out great. I divided the pan when I seasoned\nthe seeds: 1/4 sea salt, 1/4 salt & garlic powder and 1/2 Old Bay seasoning.\nGuess which one I hoped what the best? (It was)!\n\nReply\n\nlori\n\n5 years ago\n\nI just wanted to mention for your pumpkin seeds a great topping with some kick\nto it, is sprinkling on some Clubhouse spices in Chipotle, so delicious, i\nalso use this on kale chips, gives you awesome taste and if you like a bit of\nheat with your chips.\n\nReply\n\nKayla\n\n5 years ago\n\nTry soaking in vinegar! Salt and vinegar seeds! Yummy!!!\n\nReply\n\nJeanne W\n\n5 years ago\n\nI just made these. I’ve never done them before and I must say it was very easy\nto do and the seeds are delicious. I will definately do them again.\n\nReply\n\nPatricia\n\n5 years ago\n\nHow do you store them so they stay crunchy? They turned out super crunchy from\nthe oven. I let them cool completely, and then put them into a plastic\ncontainer but they were soft and chewy the next day.\n\nReply\n\nPam Hammer\n\n5 years ago\n\nTurned out perfect, even my picky 6 year old loved them :)\n\nReply\n\nKarenMac\n\n5 years ago\n\nI’ve never been able to get roasted pumpkin seeds to work...these worked and\nare soooo good. I agree they taste like popcorn!\n\nReply\n\nbig dumb dumb\n\n5 years ago\n\nJust eat the pumpkin from the outside like a big apple. Delicious!\n\nReply\n\nMichele\n\n5 years ago\n\nOh dear Lord, you are my hero. I’ve been sitting here for about 15 minutes\nlooking up various ways to toast/roast pumpkin seeds and I’ve seen everything\nfrom “cook for ten minutes” to “cook for 45 minutes.” I don’t even want to\nknow what those 45 minute ones will look like. But then as I’m continuing in\nmy Google search I see, “The first time I toasted pumpkin seeds I burnt the\ncrap out of them.” FINALLY, someone who speaks my language! Oh my, you had me\nlaughing from the get-go. You are now a permanent bookmark, go-to, “what’s for\ndinner?” landmark in my computer. Thank you, thank you for making my day and\nkeeping it real!\n\nReply\n\nJeannie\n\n5 years ago\n\nAll squash seeds are good roasted – today I have acorn squash seeds. And\ncumin, garlic powder and cayenne. Yum.\n\nReply\n\nKathy\n\n5 years ago\n\nMade these tonight and they turned out great. Whenever I roasted pumpkin seeds\nbefore I always burned them. Thank you! I never knew about boiling them first.\n\nReply\n\nFouzia Shibley\n\n5 years ago\n\nDelicious. It took another 10 minutes; total 20 to cook. Tried sprinkling\ngarlic powder on some, cayenne pepper on another section and sea salt on the\nrest. Each has a unique and great aftertaste. Thank you for the clear\ndirections.\n\nReply\n\nLindsay Curren\n\n5 years ago\n\nI used this on pumpkin seeds last fall (fabulous results) but have been using\nit on my butternut squash seeds after making soup and it’s every bit as tasty\n— love it!\n\nReply\n\nColleen Carver\n\n5 years ago\n\nMine are in the oven right now and I just taste tested....the outer part of\nthe seed is like a hard shell.....its like biting into a shell.....the middle\ntastes good have I done something wrong?\n\nReply\n\nNancy Merrifield\n\n4 years ago\n\nHey how about cleaning the seeds, boiling in water to clean off, then adding\nback a LITTLE of the pumpkin gook for flavor? am I overthinking this? but i do\nlike the flavor the gunk provides but then they take a long to bake AND they\nrun risk of overcooking.... i’ve used soy sauce with some sciracha and they\nwere quite good..\n\nReply\n\nC\n\nReply to Nancy Merrifield\n\n2 years ago\n\nJust don’t clean or boil them. Remove chunks and strings off seeds but leave\ngook on for flavour. I add a little salt and nothing else. Let then dry out\ngood on a tray for a day a couple of days, stirring occasionally to keep then\nfrom sticking to the tray and each other. Then slow roast at 250 for a couple\nof hours. Finish at a higher heat for a few minutes if you like them a bit\nbrowner.\n\nReply\n\nAshley\n\n4 years ago\n\nI wasn’t definitely in the category of burnt them the first time around. I\nhope I have better luck next time!\n\nReply\n\ngillian\n\n4 years ago\n\njust used this recipe and it was perfect!!! the tip about boiling the seeds\nbefore putting them in the oven was great....they may or may not have been\neaten in one sitting........ thanks!!!\n\nReply\n\nTori\n\n4 years ago\n\nPerfection! Thanks for saving halloween .... these are my treat to myself this\nyear because I’m off sugar right now. :)\n\nReply\n\nAngela Liddon\n\nReply to Tori\n\n4 years ago\n\nHope you enjoyed them, Tori. and had a Happy Halloween!\n\nReply\n\ngeorge\n\n4 years ago\n\nHere is what i am doing with pumpkin and squash seeds for a long time. Once\nthe seeds are roasted and cooled, I grind it to a powder form. This PPS\n(pumpkin powdered seeds) are transferred into a glass jar and in one of the\nsmall glass containers that is typically used for spices. I use PPS, and you\nmay wish to use it, as an additive into many cooked and cold meals, serials,\ndrinks, smoothies, yogurts, kefirs, over the bread spreads, all at your\nchoice. Just shake the container (something like a salt shaker) and insert or\nspray the PPS over the meals/drinks as desirable. I also combine the PPS with\nother plants and fruits powders in one container. One of my favorite, which\nfew other people also like it, is a mixture of PPS and roasted powdered hemp\nseeds with 2% of spearmint powder or with 2% of xylitol natural sweetener. For\nthose of you who did not know, Xylitol actually kills bacteria in mouth and\nits degree of sweetness is equal to that of regular sugar.\n\nReply\n\nRobin Kuhar\n\n4 years ago\n\nHello, I want to thank you for helping me make truly addictive seeds!!! I just\ntook them out of the oven and I can’t stop eating them!!! I did, however, do\nsomething a little different from your recipe. I let them dry out completely\nover night. They are so crispy and delicious. They also didn’t take very long\nto roast. I’m so glad I bought 6 pie pumpkins!! There will be so many to go\naround!! Thanks again!!! Robin\n\nReply\n\nAngela Liddon\n\nReply to Robin Kuhar\n\n4 years ago\n\nSo glad you found this helpful, Robin. Enjoy those pumpkin seeds!\n\nReply\n\nSilah Oyunu\n\n4 years ago\n\nThank you for sharing\n\nReply\n\nJean\n\n3 years ago\n\nI have tried multiple different cooking methods for pumpkin seeds: boil in\nsalt water first, don’t boil, roast at high temp for a short time or lower\ntemp for longer time... in all cases, the seeds I get from my small sweet\ncooking pumpkins come out so woody that we cannot eat them.. they all end up\nin the garbage.. any clues? I have spent hours on the internet reading\ndifferent things and none really address this well.. one person was even a bit\nsnotty and commented “maybe you don’t really like pumpkin seeds?”! I have\nbought them seasoned in the States and used them on salads and none were woody\nand inedible like the ones I’m trying to make (and yes, the ones I bought\nstill had the shells on..)\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Jean\n\n3 years ago\n\nHey Jean, Wow, I’m really not sure why that keeps happening to you despite\ntrying out all different kinds of methods. How strange! Could it be that you\nprefer pepita seeds (which are shelled pumpkin seeds) rather than the whole\npumpkin seeds? Pepitas are light to dark green and much softer\n\nReply\n\nJulie\n\nReply to Jean\n\n2 years ago\n\nJean, I just saw your note in passing and thought I would comment even though\nits been a year since you raised the question. There are multiple species in\nthe pumpkin/squash family, and many selected varieties in each. Seeds vary by\nspecies from thin-shelled like pictured in this post, to some that are very\nblocky and thick-shelled. On the latter, I shell each seed as I’m eating them,\nlike I do sunflower seeds. On the former, I find the shell tolerable to eat.\nMaybe you have had one of the ones with the woody, thick-shelled seeds? My\npersonal favorite are the “naked-seeded” varieties, which I have grown in my\ngarden. They grow no hull on the seed at all! But the trade-off is that the\nflesh of the pumpkin is very bland.\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Julie\n\n2 years ago\n\nHi Julie, This is so interesting! Thank you for sharing your wisdom :)\n\nReply\n\nDanielle\n\n3 years ago\n\nIn the process of roasting seeds – going to give it another try. To clean, I\nthrew the seeds into a ziplock bag with a bit of water, sealed it up and\nrubbed the baggie on the counter top. The pulp cane off very quickly. Added a\nlittle more water to the bag to get some space between pulp and seeds, and\nvoila less than 2 minutes and i’m Scooping the floating seeds from the baggie!\nClean and easy!\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Danielle\n\n3 years ago\n\nGreat trick! Thanks for sharing Danielle\n\nReply\n\nAlfie Board\n\n3 years ago\n\nThese were brilliant, I also added a bit of sugar to the final product to add\na bit of a sweeter vibe and this is great because it means I don’t have to\nthrow away the seeds!\n\nReply\n\nJen\n\n3 years ago\n\nNOOOOOOOO don’t take away the flavor! My seeds go out of pumpkin, out of guts,\non to oiled cookie pan, salt cayenne pepper, into oven. Pumpkin “slime”? I\nlove it, the seeds taste so much better. All the cleaning in really\nunnecessary, the seeds do not need it, nor do they need drying, or any other\ntreatment. Really it is just that easy.\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Jen\n\n3 years ago\n\nI’ve since tried them this way and I have to say this method is delicious!\nI’ll have to update my post.\n\nReply\n\nGinger Kid\n\n3 years ago\n\nI used this recipe to add a roasted pumpkin seed roof to my gingerbread house.\nThey made perfect shingles for the roof.\n\nReply\n\nAngela (Oh She Glows)\n\nAuthor\n\nReply to Ginger Kid\n\n3 years ago\n\nhaha that’s so cute...love it :)\n\nReply\n\nripple haberleri\n\n3 years ago\n\nthey look delicious :)\n\nReply\n\nCaitlee\n\n2 years ago\n\nI’ve been using this recipe for several years now, since I found it on Google.\nWhenever I follow it right (I’ve been accidentally using waaaaay too much\nolive oil; a little goes a lot farther than I think!), it makes absolutely\nfantastic pumpkin scenes! Last year, I made garlic powder with cayenne pepper\nand *loved* it, but had several requests for the standard salt. My favorite\npart of pumpkin carving is pulling out the guts and roasting the seeds, so\nthis year I plan to make several batches with all sorts of yummy things on\nthem. Thanks so much for the recipe!!\n\nReply\n\nkarry\n\n7 months ago\n\nGreat recipe and instructions. I thought roasting pumpkin seeds would be super\nsimply. The first time I made them, I did not look up for any directions. Dump\nin the pan and roast. I got burnt seeds. These instructions worked perfectly\nand the seeds were sooooo good.\n\nThank you! karry\n\nReply\n\nElla\n\n4 months ago\n\nClean the seeds. The annoying-but-necessary task is that you have to\nmeticulously clean the seeds until there are no signs of pumpkin guts. The\nbest way to do this (that I have discovered from your comments!) is to plunk\nthe seeds + guts into a big bowl of water and use your hands to break it\napart. The seeds will float to the top of the water! They clean much faster\nthis way.\n\nNote: Some of you say that sugar pumpkin seeds yield much crispier seeds than\ncarving pumpkins. I used sugar pumpkin seeds and mine were certainly super\ncrispy!\n\nReply\n\nAnna\n\n4 months ago\n\nseeds is to play around with the pumpkin guts! My nephews and I were carving a\npumpkin and we accidentally discovered this. They’re 4, 5, and 11 so you can\neasily figure out how we came up with this. Throw it all in a bowl using a\nknife to help cut them out. After you get the strings and seeds in a bowl,\njust play with it. Mash it, string it through your fingers, squish it up with\nyour hands, whatever! My nephews pretended they were smashing each others\nbrains like zombies (in the spirit of Halloween). The guts get absolutely\nruined though. So if you’re one of those people that cooks the stringy stuff,\nthis won’t work for you. They turn into a watery foamy mess in like 15 minutes\nand the seeds fall right otf\n\nReply\n\n« Previous 1 ... 6 7 8\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### About Angela\n\nI’m Angela, the founder of Oh She Glows. Since 2008, I’ve been on a journey to\nglow from the inside out by creating crowd-pleasing plant-based recipes. I’m a\nNew York Times Bestselling cookbook author and award-winning app creator.\nClick below for my full story!\n\nRead More\n\n### Trending Now\n\n * Perfect Little Pumpkin Cookies with Spiced Buttercream\n * Crazy Good Coconut Oil \"Chocolate\" Bark\n * Glowing Spiced Lentil Soup\n * Fail-Proof Vegan Chocolate Cupcakes\n * One Bowl Vegan Banana Bread\n\n## Footer\n\n### Oh She Glows\n\n * My Story\n * The App\n * The Books\n * OSG in the Media\n * Archives\n\n### Popular\n\n * Recipe Search\n * Recipe Index\n * Cookbook Index\n * My Favourite Skin Care Products\n * My Most-Used Kitchen Tools\n\n### Follow on Social Media\n\nCopyright © 2021 Oh She Glows. All rights reserved. | Privacy Policy | Terms\nof Service\n\nAn Elite CafeMedia Food Publisher\n\n"
}
] |
4,018,840 | How To Remove Ceiling Mold | To remove mold from the ceiling, use a step ladder or stool to reach the area. Remember to put on gloves and a mask or respirator before touching or removing the mold! Then, use a paint scraper to remove the paint in the affected area. Make a mold removal solution by combining 2 tablespoons of borax, ¼ cup of vinegar and 2 cups of hot water, and spray the solution onto the affected area. Scrub the cleaner into the ceiling with the rough side of a sponge and let it dry. | [
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20150928122613/http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518115034/https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20210813013135/https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927141745/https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20211030081643/https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20210426184051/http://removemoldguide.com/do-it-yourself/how-to-get-rid-of-mold/"
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"title": "How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It’s Better Than Bleach)",
"passages": [
"This article may contain affiliate links. This means, at no additional cost to you, we will earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. This helps to cover our costs and keep this site going. Thanks!",
"If you’ve got a stale, musty odor in your basement, you may have a small water leak. Coupled with poor ventilation, the still water can quickly lead to mold build-up. These pesky mold spores also love hanging out on the ceiling and walls of poorly ventilated bathrooms.",
"Not only does it create some pretty ugly — and often stinky — stains, but mold can also be quite dangerous. Breathing it in or rubbing against it can cause rashes, nausea, allergies, asthma attacks, and other serious health issues.",
"Mold is fairly easy to kill on smooth surfaces such as tile. But it can be more difficult when it hides within the porous surfaces of wood, carpet, and drywall. So while bleach is highly effective at killing mold spores. (the active ingredient in most mold sprays), it cannot penetrate porous surfaces. Bleach also produces toxic fumes that can be as harmful to inhale as the mold itself.",
"The effervescent nature of hydrogen peroxide makes it more effective than chlorine bleach at reaching and killing mold on porous surfaces. It is also inexpensive and readily available at grocery stores and pharmacies.",
"Then, once you’ve tackled the mold stains, you can absorb any lingering odors naturally with salt water, vinegar, activated charcoal, or odor-neutralizing minerals. And to prevent musty odors from building up again in the future, be sure to fix any leaks and consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep the room dry.",
"If your home is severely infested, it’s best to call a mold remediation professional who can properly test your home and recommend solutions. You can also test for mold yourself with an at-home kit. Either way, be sure to also inspect any air ducts that have come into contact with the mold.",
"Start by opening doors and windows to allow fresh air inside the room. Do not use fans if the mold has already begun to grow, as they can spread the spores to other parts of the house.",
"When mold accumulates behind unfinished drywall, inside unpainted wood, underneath carpets or other places that spray solutions simply cannot reach, the material will likely need to be replaced.",
"And remove and discard wet insulation, so that you can also check inside the wall for mold. (Rigid insulation can be disinfected and reinstalled.)",
"Disinfect non-porous materials: Wash glass, plastic and metal surfaces with a solution of equal parts hot water and 3% hydrogen peroxide** (found in supermarkets & drugstores). Scrub the solution into rough surfaces, such as concrete, with a stiff brush. Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and wipe dry.",
"Disinfect porous materials: Scrub porous surfaces such as wood and fabric with just the 3% hydrogen peroxide** (no additional water). Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and rinse clean. Leave non-porous materials to dry over several days and monitor for mold growth and odors. If mold develops, discard the item.",
"**Hydrogen peroxide is considered an “oxygen bleach”. it is free from chlorine, but it can still discolor fabrics and other materials. As such, you may want to have a specialist handle items of sentimental or monetary value",
"Spray surface mold with 3% hydrogen peroxide and let it sit for 15 minutes, before wiping dry. Repeat as necessary, or scrub extra-stubborn stains with baking soda.",
"Once you’ve dealt with moldy items, place bowls of vinegar, lemon water, and/or saltwater around the room to absorb lingering odors. Let the bowls sit a few days until the smell is gone.",
"Since the salt, water, lemon slices, and vinegar will absorb the odor-causing bacteria, they should not be used in food or drink afterward. Instead, rinse the water and vinegar down the sink and discard lemons in the trash or compost.",
"If the odor in your home is extra strong, you may require an extra-strong solution that is still non-toxic. A company called EnviroKlenz has created an advanced mineral technology that completely neutralizes malodors that other solutions cannot. And they cover the gamut from HEPA air purifiers to odor neutralizing granules for the carpet and laundry.",
"As powerful as Enviroklenz is, there is a downside in that the Everyday Odor Eliminator is a white creamy liquid and can be quite messy to clean up. A clean alternative for neutralizing odors from surfaces is actually a mini- appliance called Force of Nature that uses water + vinegar + electrolysis to create a powerful disinfectant.",
"This highly effective sanitizer kills 99% of germs and has been approved by the EPA for use against SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19. And as a multipurpose cleaner, it replaces your home sanitizers, deodorizers, and disinfectants — and even your glass cleaner.",
"The original Starter Kit has 5 “activator capsules”, which creates 5 bottles of cleaner and you can stock up on the 25-packs of the capsules thereafter. Or you can get one of the newer starter kits that already come with either 25 capsules or 50 capsules if you don’t want to reorder for a while.",
"Once the mold is gone, you’ll want to keep the room dry with a dehumidifier and/or proper ventilation to prevent the mold from returning. You can also keep sachets of activated charcoal around the room. The odor-causing bacteria will be absorbed into the porous charcoal for up to three months. But you don’t have to toss it after that! Once it begins to lose its odor-absorbing abilities, simply place it in the sun for a few hours (up to a few days) to recharge.",
"Find practical tips and natural alternatives to the harmful toxins that invade our everyday lives. Our well-researched topics also highlight thoughtful and ethical brands. You deserve their safer, healthier products and they deserve the recognition for going the extra mile to make sure you get them.",
"We use cookies to measure the traffic on our website and analyze the effectiveness of our campaigns. Visit our cookie policy to learn more. OK"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It's Better Than\nBleach) - Greenopedia\n\nFacebook Instagram Pinterest\n\nFacebook Pinterest\n\nClean & Deodorize\n\n# How to Kill Mold Effectively with Hydrogen Peroxide (Hint: It’s Better Than\nBleach)\n\nBy Sheryl Ryan6 Mins Read\n\nThis article may contain affiliate links. This means, at no additional cost to\nyou, we will earn a commission if you click through and make a purchase. This\nhelps to cover our costs and keep this site going. Thanks!\n\nIf you’ve got a stale, musty odor in your basement, you may have a small water\nleak. Coupled with poor ventilation, the still water can quickly lead to mold\nbuild-up. These pesky mold spores also love hanging out on the ceiling and\nwalls of poorly ventilated bathrooms.\n\nNot only does it create some pretty ugly — and often stinky — stains, but mold\ncan also be quite dangerous. Breathing it in or rubbing against it can cause\nrashes, nausea, allergies, asthma attacks, and other serious health issues.\n\nMold is fairly easy to kill on smooth surfaces such as tile. But it can be\nmore difficult when it hides within the porous surfaces of wood, carpet, and\ndrywall. So while bleach is highly effective at killing mold spores. (the\nactive ingredient in most mold sprays), it cannot penetrate porous surfaces.\nBleach also produces toxic fumes that can be as harmful to inhale as the mold\nitself.\n\nSo how can you kill mold effectively without fumes and on porous surfaces?\nHydrogen peroxide.\n\n### The fizz of hydrogen peroxide kills mold\n\nThe effervescent nature of hydrogen peroxide makes it more effective than\nchlorine bleach at reaching and killing mold on porous surfaces. It is also\ninexpensive and readily available at grocery stores and pharmacies.\n\nThen, once you’ve tackled the mold stains, you can absorb any lingering odors\nnaturally with salt water, vinegar, activated charcoal, or odor-neutralizing\nminerals. And to prevent musty odors from building up again in the future, be\nsure to fix any leaks and consider investing in a dehumidifier to keep the\nroom dry.\n\nHere’s how to tackle the mold.\n\n### Learn how to:\n\n * Remove the mold contamination\n * Clean and disinfect wet items\n * Remove stubborn mold stains\n * Absorb lingering odors\n * Keep the room odor-free\n\n## Remove the mold contamination\n\nIf your home is severely infested, it’s best to call a mold remediation\nprofessional who can properly test your home and recommend solutions. You can\nalso test for mold yourself with an at-home kit. Either way, be sure to also\ninspect any air ducts that have come into contact with the mold.\n\n#### To remediate mold issues:\n\n * Start by opening doors and windows to allow fresh air inside the room. Do not use fans if the mold has already begun to grow, as they can spread the spores to other parts of the house.\n * Put on a pair of latex gloves, protective mask, and goggles.\n * Remove all wet items from the house such as carpeting, rugs, toys, furniture, and ceiling tiles.\n\nWhen mold accumulates behind unfinished drywall, inside unpainted wood,\nunderneath carpets or other places that spray solutions simply cannot reach,\nthe material will likely need to be replaced.\n\n * Remove wet baseboards and drywall up to 12-inches above the water or mold stains.\n * And remove and discard wet insulation, so that you can also check inside the wall for mold. (Rigid insulation can be disinfected and reinstalled.)\n\n## Clean and disinfect wet items\n\nBe sure to put on a pair of latex gloves and goggles for protection before\nbeginning your cleanup.\n\n * Disinfect non-porous materials: Wash glass, plastic and metal surfaces with a solution of equal parts hot water and 3% hydrogen peroxide** (found in supermarkets & drugstores). Scrub the solution into rough surfaces, such as concrete, with a stiff brush. Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and wipe dry.\n * Disinfect porous materials: Scrub porous surfaces such as wood and fabric with just the 3% hydrogen peroxide** (no additional water). Let the solution sit for 15 minutes and rinse clean. Leave non-porous materials to dry over several days and monitor for mold growth and odors. If mold develops, discard the item.\n\n**Hydrogen peroxide is considered an “oxygen bleach”. it is free from\nchlorine, but it can still discolor fabrics and other materials. As such, you\nmay want to have a specialist handle items of sentimental or monetary value\n\n## Remove stubborn mold stains\n\nSpray surface mold with 3% hydrogen peroxide and let it sit for 15 minutes,\nbefore wiping dry. Repeat as necessary, or scrub extra-stubborn stains with\nbaking soda.\n\n## Absorb lingering odors\n\nOnce you’ve dealt with moldy items, place bowls of vinegar, lemon water,\nand/or saltwater around the room to absorb lingering odors. Let the bowls sit\na few days until the smell is gone.\n\nSince the salt, water, lemon slices, and vinegar will absorb the odor-causing\nbacteria, they should not be used in food or drink afterward. Instead, rinse\nthe water and vinegar down the sink and discard lemons in the trash or\ncompost.\n\nIf the odor in your home is extra strong, you may require an extra-strong\nsolution that is still non-toxic. A company called EnviroKlenz has created an\nadvanced mineral technology that completely neutralizes malodors that other\nsolutions cannot. And they cover the gamut from HEPA air purifiers to odor\nneutralizing granules for the carpet and laundry.\n\n### EnviroKlenz Mineral Technology\n\n$19.99\n\nEveryday Odor Eliminator\n\nBuy\n\n$15.99\n\nAbsorbent Odor Neutralizing Granules\n\nBuy\n\n$729.99\n\nHEPA Air Purifier\n\nBuy\n\n### Alternative to Enviroklenz\n\nAs powerful as Enviroklenz is, there is a downside in that the Everyday Odor\nEliminator is a white creamy liquid and can be quite messy to clean up. A\nclean alternative for neutralizing odors from surfaces is actually a mini-\nappliance called Force of Nature that uses water + vinegar + electrolysis to\ncreate a powerful disinfectant.\n\nThis highly effective sanitizer kills 99% of germs and has been approved by\nthe EPA for use against SARS-CoV-2, which is the virus that causes COVID-19.\nAnd as a multipurpose cleaner, it replaces your home sanitizers, deodorizers,\nand disinfectants — and even your glass cleaner.\n\nThe original Starter Kit has 5 “activator capsules”, which creates 5 bottles\nof cleaner and you can stock up on the 25-packs of the capsules thereafter. Or\nyou can get one of the newer starter kits that already come with either 25\ncapsules or 50 capsules if you don’t want to reorder for a while.\n\n### Toxin-Free Disinfectant & Deodorizer by Force of Nature\n\n$56\n\nMini-Appliance + 5 capsule Starter Kit\n\nBuy\n\n$76\n\nMini-Appliance + 25 capsule Starter Kit\n\nBuy\n\n$94\n\nMini-Appliance + 50 capsule Starter Kit\n\nBuy\n\n## Keep the room odor-free\n\nOnce the mold is gone, you’ll want to keep the room dry with a dehumidifier\nand/or proper ventilation to prevent the mold from returning. You can also\nkeep sachets of activated charcoal around the room. The odor-causing bacteria\nwill be absorbed into the porous charcoal for up to three months. But you\ndon’t have to toss it after that! Once it begins to lose its odor-absorbing\nabilities, simply place it in the sun for a few hours (up to a few days) to\nrecharge.\n\nResearch\n\n \n\n * http://www.fema.gov/pdf/rebuild/recover/fema_mold_brochure_english.pdf\n * http://www.webmd.com/allergies/guide/dehumidifiers-for-allergies\n * http://www.epa.gov/ttn/catc/dir1/fzeolite.pdf\n\n##### FREE DOWNLOAD\n\n## Natural Living Guide\n\nFind practical tips & natural alternatives to the everyday chemicals that\ninvade our lives.\n\nPrevious ArticleGet Rid of Strong Paint Fumes with Salt, Lemon, and Vinegar\n\nNext Article How to Clean Silver Naturally with an Easy Non-Toxic Tarnish\nRemover\n\n#### Related Posts\n\n## Your Guide to Buying High-Quality Essential Oils & Using Them Safely\n\n## Your Easy Guide to Essential Oil Diffusers: Nebulizing or Ultrasonic? Heat\nor Evaporative? Let’s compare.\n\n## Get the Scoop on Natural Laundry Detergents, Softeners, and Whiteners\n\n#### 3 Comments\n\n 1. Pingback: Hydrogen Peroxide vs Bleach: How They Compare\n\n 2. Pingback: When To Repair your Commercial Garage Door\n\n 3. Pingback: The Best 7 Ways for Cleaning With Hydrogen Peroxide\n\n### Leave A Reply Cancel Reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\nFind practical tips and natural alternatives to the harmful toxins that invade\nour everyday lives. Our well-researched topics also highlight thoughtful and\nethical brands. You deserve their safer, healthier products and they deserve\nthe recognition for going the extra mile to make sure you get them.\n\nFacebook Instagram Pinterest\n\n##### ONLINE COURSES\n\n© Greenopedia.com\n\n * about\n * contact\n * privacy\n * terms\n\nGet practical tips & natural, toxin-free alternatives straight to your inbox.\n\nShare72\n\nPin101\n\nTweet\n\nShare\n\nPocket\n\n173Shares\n\nWe use cookies to measure the traffic on our website and analyze the\neffectiveness of our campaigns. Visit our cookie policy to learn more. OK\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305225702/https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-hints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort1.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold",
"passages": [
"The most important aspect in keeping your shower clean is to avoid the buildup of grime, mold] and mildew that inevitably come with the wettest area of your house. The easiest way to prevent this is by making sure your shower has plenty of time to air out after use. As soon as you get out of the shower, wipe the floor and close the curtain so it can fully dry out. Shower curtains are prime targets for mildew. If you have a shower with a door, leave the door open to air out the inside of the shower. Doing these simple things each day after you bathe is the easiest way to prevent mold and mildew growth.",
"Buying and using a shower spray is another easy way to make sure you don't get mold growing on your shower walls, curtain and door. There are plenty of brands to choose from, ranging from all-natural citrus sprays, to hardcore chemicals with strong scents. The idea is that the shower spray is used when the curtain and walls are still wet to help stop mold and mildew in their tracks.",
"Turning on your ventilation fan or opening the windows is another way to make sure your shower and bathroom air out properly. Start the fan before you run the water and leave it running until the steam has completely cleared out. If you have a window in your bathroom and it's a fair weather month, then open the window before you shower and leave it open until the bathroom is nice and dry.",
"We use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media features and to analyse our traffic. We also share information about your use of our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may combine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve collected from your use of their services. You consent to our cookies if you continue to use our website."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold | HowStuffWorks\n\nSearchClose Search\n\nPrevNEXT\n\nAdvertisement\n\nHowStuffWorks\n\nHome & Garden\n\nHome Improvement\n\nHousehold Hints & Tips\n\nCleaning\n\n# How to Clean a Shower With Little Effort\n\nPrevNEXT\n\nBy: Emilie Sennebogen\n\n## How to Prevent Shower Mildew and Mold\n\nThe most important aspect in keeping your shower clean is to avoid the buildup\nof grime, mold] and mildew that inevitably come with the wettest area of your\nhouse. The easiest way to prevent this is by making sure your shower has\nplenty of time to air out after use. As soon as you get out of the shower,\nwipe the floor and close the curtain so it can fully dry out. Shower curtains\nare prime targets for mildew. If you have a shower with a door, leave the door\nopen to air out the inside of the shower. Doing these simple things each day\nafter you bathe is the easiest way to prevent mold and mildew growth.\n\nBuying and using a shower spray is another easy way to make sure you don't get\nmold growing on your shower walls, curtain and door. There are plenty of\nbrands to choose from, ranging from all-natural citrus sprays, to hardcore\nchemicals with strong scents. The idea is that the shower spray is used when\nthe curtain and walls are still wet to help stop mold and mildew in their\ntracks.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nTurning on your ventilation fan or opening the windows is another way to make\nsure your shower and bathroom air out properly. Start the fan before you run\nthe water and leave it running until the steam has completely cleared out. If\nyou have a window in your bathroom and it's a fair weather month, then open\nthe window before you shower and leave it open until the bathroom is nice and\ndry.\n\n### Cite This!\n\nPlease copy/paste the following text to properly cite this HowStuffWorks.com\narticle:\n\nEmilie Sennebogen \"How to Clean a Shower With Little Effort\" 4 January 2011.\nHowStuffWorks.com. <https://home.howstuffworks.com/home-improvement/household-\nhints-tips/cleaning-organizing/how-to-clean-a-shower-with-little-effort.htm> 5\nMarch 2021\n\nPrint | Citation\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nLearn How Everything Works!\n\nCompany\n\n * About\n * Careers\n * Contact Us\n * Help\n * Sitemap\n\nInformation\n\n * Ad Choices\n * Terms\n * Reprints\n * Privacy Policy\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\nExplore\n\n * Quizzes\n * Video\n\nPrivacy PolicyTermsAd Choices\n\nDo Not Sell My Info\n\nCopyright © 2021 HowStuffWorks, a division of InfoSpace Holdings, LLC, a\nSystem1 Company\n\nPrivacy Choices\n\nWe use cookies to personalise content and ads, to provide social media\nfeatures and to analyse our traffic. We also share information about your use\nof our site with our social media, advertising and analytics partners who may\ncombine it with other information that you’ve provided to them or that they’ve\ncollected from your use of their services. You consent to our cookies if you\ncontinue to use our website.\n\nOK\n\nInformation that may be used\n\n * Type of browser and its settings\n * Information about the device's operating system\n * Cookie information\n * Information about other identifiers assigned to the device\n * The IP address from which the device accesses a client's website or mobile application\n * Information about the user's activity on that device, including web pages and mobile apps visited or used\n * Information about the geographic location of the device when it accesses a website or mobile application\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150928122613/http://www.epa.gov:80/mold/moldguide.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home",
"passages": [
"Una Breve Guía para el Moho, la Humedad y su Hogar (PDF) (11 pp., 1.28 M, disponible en PDF). Documento de la agencia EPA número 402-K-03-008, reimprimido el 2010 de mayo.",
"This Guide provides information and guidance for homeowners and renters on how to clean up residential mold problems and how to prevent mold growth.",
"We would like to thank Paul Ellringer, PE, CIH, for providing the photo of mold on the back of wallpaper in the Hidden Mold section. Should you like to use some of the photos used in this guide, higher quality print versions are available in the Mold Gallery. These photos may be used for presentations and educational purposes without contacting EPA.",
"Please note that this document presents recommendations. EPA does not regulate mold or mold spores in indoor air. Find Frequently Asked Questions about mold and moisture.",
"If mold is a problem in your home, you should clean up the mold promptly and fix the water problem.",
"Molds come in many colors; both white and black molds are shown here. Click on the image for larger version.",
"Molds are part of the natural environment. Outdoors, molds play a part in nature by breaking down dead organic matter such as fallen leaves and dead trees, but indoors, mold growth should be avoided. Molds reproduce by means of tiny spores; the spores are invisible to the naked eye and float through outdoor and indoor air. Mold may begin growing indoors when mold spores land on surfaces that are wet. There are many types of mold, and none of them will grow without water or moisture.",
"Molds are usually not a problem indoors, unless mold spores land on a wet or damp spot and begin growing. Molds have the potential to cause health problems. Molds produce allergens (substances that can cause allergic reactions), irritants, and in some cases, potentially toxic substances (mycotoxins). Inhaling or touching mold or mold spores may cause allergic reactions in sensitive individuals. Allergic responses include hay fever-type symptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes, and skin rash (dermatitis). Allergic reactions to mold are common. They can be immediate or delayed. Molds can also cause asthma attacks in people with asthma who are allergic to mold. In addition, mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and lungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people. Symptoms other than the allergic and irritant types are not commonly reported as a result of inhaling mold. Research on mold and health effects is ongoing.",
"Molds gradually destroy the things they grow on. You can prevent damage to your home and furnishings, save money, and avoid potential health problems by controlling moisture and eliminating mold growth",
"This [guidance] provides a brief overview; it does not describe all potential health effects related to mold exposure. For more detailed information consult a health professional. You may also wish to consult your state or local health department.",
"It is impossible to get rid of all mold and mold spores indoors; some mold spores will be found floating through the air and in house dust. The mold spores will not grow if moisture is not present. Indoor mold growth can and should be prevented or controlled by controlling moisture indoors. If there is mold growth in your home, you must clean up the mold and fix the water problem. If you clean up the mold, but don't fix the water problem, then, most likely, the mold problem will come back.",
"Who should do the cleanup depends on a number of factors. One consideration is the size of the mold problem. If the moldy area is less than about 10 square feet (less than roughly a 3 ft. by 3 ft. patch), in most cases, you can handle the job yourself, follow the guidelines. However:",
"If you already have a mold problem - ACT QUICKLY. Mold damages what it grows on. The longer it grows, the more damage it can cause.",
"If there has been a lot of water damage, and/or mold growth covers more than 10 square feet, consult EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings. Although focused on schools and commercial buildings, this document is applicable to other building types.",
"If you choose to hire a contractor (or other professional service provider) to do the cleanup, make sure the contractor has experience cleaning up mold. Check references and ask the contractor to follow the recommendations in EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings, the guidelines of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists (ACGIH), or other guidelines from professional or government organizations.",
"If you suspect that the heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) system may be contaminated with mold (it is part of an identified moisture problem, for instance, or there is mold near the intake to the system), consult EPA's guide Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned? before taking further action. Do not run the HVAC system if you know or suspect that it is contaminated with mold - it could spread mold throughout the building.",
"If the water and/or mold damage was caused by sewage or other contaminated water, then call in a professional who has experience cleaning and fixing buildings damaged by contaminated water.",
"The tips and techniques presented in this section will help you clean up your mold problem. Professional cleaners or remediators may use methods not covered in this publication. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage. It may not be possible to clean an item so that its original appearance is restored.",
"Mold growing on the underside of a plastic lawn chair in an area where rainwater drips through and deposits organic material. Click on the image for a larger version.",
"Absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpet, may have to be thrown away if they become moldy. Mold can grow on or fill in the empty spaces and crevices of porous materials, so the mold may be difficult or impossible to remove completely.",
"Do not paint or caulk moldy surfaces. Clean up the mold and dry the surfaces before painting. Paint applied over moldy surfaces is likely to peel.",
"If you are unsure about how to clean an item, or if the item is expensive or of sentimental value, you may wish to consult a specialist. Specialists in furniture repair, restoration, painting, art restoration and conservation, carpet and rug cleaning, water damage, and fire or water restoration are commonly listed in phone books. Be sure to ask for and check references. Look for specialists who are affiliated with professional organizations.",
"Places that are often or always damp can be hard to maintain completely free of mold. If there's some mold in the shower or elsewhere in the bathroom that seems to reappear, increasing ventilation (running a fan or opening a window) and cleaning more frequently will usually prevent mold from recurring, or at least keep the mold to a minimum",
"Avoid breathing in mold or mold spores. In order to limit your exposure to airborne mold, you may want to wear an N-95 respirator, available at many hardware stores and from companies that advertise on the Internet. (They cost about $12 to $25.) Some N-95 respirators resemble a paper dust mask with a nozzle on the front, others are made primarily of plastic or rubber and have removable cartridges that trap most of the mold spores from entering. In order to be effective, the respirator or mask must fit properly, so carefully follow the instructions supplied with the respirator. Please note that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that respirators fit properly (fit testing) when used in an occupational setting; consult OSHA for more information (800-321-OSHA or www.osha.gov).",
"Wear gloves. Long gloves that extend to the middle of the forearm are recommended. When working with water and a mild detergent, ordinary household rubber gloves may be used. If you are using a disinfectant, a biocide such as chlorine bleach, or a strong cleaning solution, you should select gloves made from natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, polyurethane, or PVC (see Cleanup and Biocides). Avoid touching mold or moldy items with your bare hands.",
"Wear goggles. Goggles that do not have ventilation holes are recommended. Avoid getting mold or mold spores in your eyes.",
"You should have completed mold removal. Visible mold and moldy odors should not be present. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage.",
"You should have revisited the site(s) shortly after cleanup and it should show no signs of water damage or mold growth.",
"Ultimately, this is a judgment call; there is no easy answer. If you have concerns or questions consult our Frequently Asked Questions database and ask a question if you don't find what you need.",
"When water leaks or spills occur indoors - ACT QUICKLY. If wet or damp materials or areas are dried 24-48 hours after a leak or spill happens, in most cases mold will not grow.",
"Make sure the ground slopes away from the building foundation, so that water does not enter or collect around the foundation.",
"Keep indoor humidity low. If possible, keep indoor humidity below 60 percent (ideally between 30 and 50 percent) relative humidity. Relative humidity can be measured with a moisture or humidity meter, a small, inexpensive ($10-$50) instrument available at many hardware stores.",
"If you see condensation or moisture collecting on windows, walls or pipes ACT QUICKLY to dry the wet surface and reduce the moisture/water source. Condensation can be a sign of high humidity.",
"Vent appliances that produce moisture, such as clothes dryers, stoves, and kerosene heaters to the outside where possible. (Combustion appliances such as stoves and kerosene heaters produce water vapor and will increase the humidity unless vented to the outside.)",
"Run the bathroom fan or open the window when showering. Use exhaust fans or open windows whenever cooking, running the dishwasher or dishwashing, etc.",
"Mold growing on a wooden headboard in a room with high humidity. Click on the image for a larger version.",
"Renters: Report all plumbing leaks and moisture problems immediately to your building owner, manager, or superintendent. In cases where persistent water problems are not addressed, you may want to contact local, state, or federal health or housing authorities. You can also contact your state health department.",
"Rust is an indicator that condensation occurs on this drainpipe. The pipe should be insulated to prevent condensation. Click on the image for a larger version.",
"Is sampling for mold needed? In most cases, if visible mold growth is present, sampling is unnecessary. Since no EPA or other federal limits have been set for mold or mold spores, sampling cannot be used to check a building's compliance with federal mold standards. Surface sampling may be useful to determine if an area has been adequately cleaned or remediated. Sampling for mold should be conducted by professionals who have specific experience in designing mold sampling protocols, sampling methods, and interpreting results. Sample analysis should follow analytical methods recommended by the American Industrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygienists (ACGIH), or other professional organizations.",
"Water stain on a basement wall -- locate and fix the source of the water promptly. Click on the image for a larger version.",
"You may suspect hidden mold if a building smells moldy, but you cannot see the source, or if you know there has been water damage and residents are reporting health problems. Mold may be hidden in places such as the back side of dry wall, wallpaper, or paneling, the top side of ceiling tiles, the underside of carpets and pads, etc. Other possible locations of hidden mold include areas inside walls around pipes (with leaking or condensing pipes), the surface of walls behind furniture (where condensation forms), inside ductwork, and in roof materials above ceiling tiles (due to roof leaks or insufficient insulation).",
"Investigating hidden mold problems may be difficult and will require caution when the investigation involves disturbing potential sites of mold growth. For example, removal of wallpaper can lead to a massive release of spores if there is mold growing on the underside of the paper. If you believe that you may have a hidden mold problem, consider hiring an experienced professional.",
"Biocides are substances that can destroy living organisms. The use of a chemical or biocide that kills organisms such as mold (chlorine bleach, for example) is not recommended as a routine practice during mold cleanup. There may be instances, however, when professional judgment may indicate its use (for example, when immune-compromised individuals are present). In most cases, it is not possible or desirable to sterilize an area; a background level of mold spores will remain - these spores will not grow if the moisture problem has been resolved. If you choose to use disinfectants or biocides, always ventilate the area and exhaust the air to the outdoors. Never mix chlorine bleach solution with other cleaning solutions or detergents that contain ammonia because toxic fumes could be produced.",
"Please note: Dead mold may still cause allergic reactions in some people, so it is not enough to simply kill the mold, it must also be removed."
]
},
"parsed_md": "A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home | Mold and Moisture | US\nEnvironmental Protection Agency\n\nJump to main content or area navigation.\n\n * Learn the Issues\n * Science & Technology\n * Laws & Regulations\n * About EPA\n\nContact Us\n\nMold and Moisture\n\n * You are here: EPA Home\n * Air\n * Indoor Air\n * Mold and Moisture\n * A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home\n\n# A Brief Guide to Mold, Moisture, and Your Home\n\nEPA 402-K-02-003, Reprinted September 2010\n\n(PDF, 20 pp, 1.4 M, About PDF)\n\nUna Breve Guía para el Moho, la Humedad y su Hogar (PDF) (11 pp., 1.28 M,\ndisponible en PDF). Documento de la agencia EPA número 402-K-03-008,\nreimprimido el 2010 de mayo.\n\n\"Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings\" (PDF, 56 pp, 1.6 M)\n[EPA 402-K-01-001, reprinted September 2008]\n\nOrder publications from EPA's NSCEP. Use the EPA Document Number when\nordering.\n\nThis Guide provides information and guidance for homeowners and renters on how\nto clean up residential mold problems and how to prevent mold growth.\n\n * Mold Basics\n\n * Why is mold growing in my home?\n * Can mold cause health problems?\n * How do I get rid of mold?\n * Mold Cleanup\n\n * Who should do the cleanup?\n * Mold Cleanup Guidelines\n\n * Tips and techniques\n * Bathroom Tip\n * What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas\n\n * How Do I Know When the Remediation or Cleanup is Finished?\n * Moisture and Mold Prevention and Control Tips\n\n * Actions that will help to reduce humidity\n * Actions that will help prevent condensation Tips for Renters\n * Testing or sampling for mold\n * Hidden Mold\n * Cleanup and Biocides\n\nWe would like to thank Paul Ellringer, PE, CIH, for providing the photo of\nmold on the back of wallpaper in the Hidden Mold section. Should you like to\nuse some of the photos used in this guide, higher quality print versions are\navailable in the Mold Gallery. These photos may be used for presentations and\neducational purposes without contacting EPA.\n\nPlease note that this document presents recommendations. EPA does not regulate\nmold or mold spores in indoor air. Find Frequently Asked Questions about mold\nand moisture.\n\n### Mold Basics\n\n * The key to mold control is moisture control.\n * If mold is a problem in your home, you should clean up the mold promptly and fix the water problem.\n * It is important to dry water-damaged areas and items within 24-48 hours to prevent mold growth.\n\n#### Why is mold growing in my home?\n\nMold growing outdoors on firewood.\n\nMolds come in many colors; both white and black molds are shown here. Click on\nthe image for larger version.\n\nMolds are part of the natural environment. Outdoors, molds play a part in\nnature by breaking down dead organic matter such as fallen leaves and dead\ntrees, but indoors, mold growth should be avoided. Molds reproduce by means of\ntiny spores; the spores are invisible to the naked eye and float through\noutdoor and indoor air. Mold may begin growing indoors when mold spores land\non surfaces that are wet. There are many types of mold, and none of them will\ngrow without water or moisture.\n\n#### Can mold cause health problems?\n\nMolds are usually not a problem indoors, unless mold spores land on a wet or\ndamp spot and begin growing. Molds have the potential to cause health\nproblems. Molds produce allergens (substances that can cause allergic\nreactions), irritants, and in some cases, potentially toxic substances\n(mycotoxins). Inhaling or touching mold or mold spores may cause allergic\nreactions in sensitive individuals. Allergic responses include hay fever-type\nsymptoms, such as sneezing, runny nose, red eyes, and skin rash (dermatitis).\nAllergic reactions to mold are common. They can be immediate or delayed. Molds\ncan also cause asthma attacks in people with asthma who are allergic to mold.\nIn addition, mold exposure can irritate the eyes, skin, nose, throat, and\nlungs of both mold-allergic and non-allergic people. Symptoms other than the\nallergic and irritant types are not commonly reported as a result of inhaling\nmold. Research on mold and health effects is ongoing.\n\nMagnified mold spores\n\nMolds gradually destroy the things they grow on. You can prevent damage to\nyour home and furnishings, save money, and avoid potential health problems by\ncontrolling moisture and eliminating mold growth\n\nThis [guidance] provides a brief overview; it does not describe all potential\nhealth effects related to mold exposure. For more detailed information consult\na health professional. You may also wish to consult your state or local health\ndepartment.\n\n#### How do I get rid of mold?\n\nIt is impossible to get rid of all mold and mold spores indoors; some mold\nspores will be found floating through the air and in house dust. The mold\nspores will not grow if moisture is not present. Indoor mold growth can and\nshould be prevented or controlled by controlling moisture indoors. If there is\nmold growth in your home, you must clean up the mold and fix the water\nproblem. If you clean up the mold, but don't fix the water problem, then, most\nlikely, the mold problem will come back.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Mold Cleanup\n\nWho should do the cleanup depends on a number of factors. One consideration is\nthe size of the mold problem. If the moldy area is less than about 10 square\nfeet (less than roughly a 3 ft. by 3 ft. patch), in most cases, you can handle\nthe job yourself, follow the guidelines. However:\n\nIf you already have a mold problem - ACT QUICKLY. Mold damages what it grows\non. The longer it grows, the more damage it can cause.\n\nLeaky window - mold is beginning to rot the wooden frame and windowsill.\n\n * If there has been a lot of water damage, and/or mold growth covers more than 10 square feet, consult EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings. Although focused on schools and commercial buildings, this document is applicable to other building types.\n * If you choose to hire a contractor (or other professional service provider) to do the cleanup, make sure the contractor has experience cleaning up mold. Check references and ask the contractor to follow the recommendations in EPA's Mold Remediation in Schools and Commercial Buildings, the guidelines of the American Conference of Governmental Industrial Hygenists (ACGIH), or other guidelines from professional or government organizations.\n * If you suspect that the heating/ventilation/air conditioning (HVAC) system may be contaminated with mold (it is part of an identified moisture problem, for instance, or there is mold near the intake to the system), consult EPA's guide Should You Have the Air Ducts in Your Home Cleaned? before taking further action. Do not run the HVAC system if you know or suspect that it is contaminated with mold - it could spread mold throughout the building.\n * If the water and/or mold damage was caused by sewage or other contaminated water, then call in a professional who has experience cleaning and fixing buildings damaged by contaminated water.\n * If you have health concerns, consult a health professional before starting cleanup.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Mold Cleanup Guidelines\n\n#### Tips and techniques\n\nThe tips and techniques presented in this section will help you clean up your\nmold problem. Professional cleaners or remediators may use methods not covered\nin this publication. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic\ndamage. It may not be possible to clean an item so that its original\nappearance is restored.\n\nMold growing on the underside of a plastic lawn chair in an area where\nrainwater drips through and deposits organic material. Click on the image for\na larger version.\n\nMold growing on a piece of ceiling tile. Click on the image for a larger\nversion.\n\n * Fix plumbing leaks and other water problems as soon as possible. Dry all items completely.\n * Scrub mold off hard surfaces with detergent and water, and dry completely.\n * Absorbent or porous materials, such as ceiling tiles and carpet, may have to be thrown away if they become moldy. Mold can grow on or fill in the empty spaces and crevices of porous materials, so the mold may be difficult or impossible to remove completely.\n * Avoid exposing yourself or others to mold (see discussions: What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas and Hidden Mold).\n * Do not paint or caulk moldy surfaces. Clean up the mold and dry the surfaces before painting. Paint applied over moldy surfaces is likely to peel.\n * If you are unsure about how to clean an item, or if the item is expensive or of sentimental value, you may wish to consult a specialist. Specialists in furniture repair, restoration, painting, art restoration and conservation, carpet and rug cleaning, water damage, and fire or water restoration are commonly listed in phone books. Be sure to ask for and check references. Look for specialists who are affiliated with professional organizations.\n\nBathroom Tip\n\nPlaces that are often or always damp can be hard to maintain completely free\nof mold. If there's some mold in the shower or elsewhere in the bathroom that\nseems to reappear, increasing ventilation (running a fan or opening a window)\nand cleaning more frequently will usually prevent mold from recurring, or at\nleast keep the mold to a minimum\n\nTop of page\n\n### What to Wear When Cleaning Moldy Areas\n\nIt is important to take precautions to LIMIT YOUR EXPOSURE to mold and mold\nspores.\n\nCleaning while wearing N-95 respirator, gloves and goggles. Click on the image\nfor a larger version.\n\n * Avoid breathing in mold or mold spores. In order to limit your exposure to airborne mold, you may want to wear an N-95 respirator, available at many hardware stores and from companies that advertise on the Internet. (They cost about $12 to $25.) Some N-95 respirators resemble a paper dust mask with a nozzle on the front, others are made primarily of plastic or rubber and have removable cartridges that trap most of the mold spores from entering. In order to be effective, the respirator or mask must fit properly, so carefully follow the instructions supplied with the respirator. Please note that the Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) requires that respirators fit properly (fit testing) when used in an occupational setting; consult OSHA for more information (800-321-OSHA or www.osha.gov).\n * Wear gloves. Long gloves that extend to the middle of the forearm are recommended. When working with water and a mild detergent, ordinary household rubber gloves may be used. If you are using a disinfectant, a biocide such as chlorine bleach, or a strong cleaning solution, you should select gloves made from natural rubber, neoprene, nitrile, polyurethane, or PVC (see Cleanup and Biocides). Avoid touching mold or moldy items with your bare hands.\n * Wear goggles. Goggles that do not have ventilation holes are recommended. Avoid getting mold or mold spores in your eyes.\n\n#### How Do I Know When the Remediation or Cleanup is Finished?\n\nMold growing on a suitcase stored in a humid basement. Click on the image for\na larger version.\n\nYou must have completely fixed the water or moisture problem before the\ncleanup or remediation can be considered finished.\n\n * You should have completed mold removal. Visible mold and moldy odors should not be present. Please note that mold may cause staining and cosmetic damage.\n * You should have revisited the site(s) shortly after cleanup and it should show no signs of water damage or mold growth.\n * People should have been able to occupy or re-occupy the area without health complaints or physical symptoms.\n * Ultimately, this is a judgment call; there is no easy answer. If you have concerns or questions consult our Frequently Asked Questions database and ask a question if you don't find what you need.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Moisture and Mold Prevention and Control Tips\n\nMoisture Control is the Key to Mold Control\n\nMold growing on the surface of a unit ventilator. Click on the image for a\nlarger version.\n\nCondensation on the inside of a windowpane.\n\n * When water leaks or spills occur indoors - ACT QUICKLY. If wet or damp materials or areas are dried 24-48 hours after a leak or spill happens, in most cases mold will not grow.\n * Clean and repair roof gutters regularly.\n * Make sure the ground slopes away from the building foundation, so that water does not enter or collect around the foundation.\n * Keep air conditioning drip pans clean and the drain lines unobstructed and flowing properly.\n * Keep indoor humidity low. If possible, keep indoor humidity below 60 percent (ideally between 30 and 50 percent) relative humidity. Relative humidity can be measured with a moisture or humidity meter, a small, inexpensive ($10-$50) instrument available at many hardware stores.\n * If you see condensation or moisture collecting on windows, walls or pipes ACT QUICKLY to dry the wet surface and reduce the moisture/water source. Condensation can be a sign of high humidity.\n\n#### Actions that will help to reduce humidity\n\n * Vent appliances that produce moisture, such as clothes dryers, stoves, and kerosene heaters to the outside where possible. (Combustion appliances such as stoves and kerosene heaters produce water vapor and will increase the humidity unless vented to the outside.)\n * Use air conditioners and/or de-humidifiers when needed.\n * Run the bathroom fan or open the window when showering. Use exhaust fans or open windows whenever cooking, running the dishwasher or dishwashing, etc.\n\n#### Actions that will help prevent condensation\n\nMold growing on a wooden headboard in a room with high humidity. Click on the\nimage for a larger version.\n\n * Reduce the humidity.\n * Increase ventilation or air movement by opening doors and/or windows, when practical. Use fans as needed.\n * Cover cold surfaces, such as cold water pipes, with insulation.\n * Increase air temperature.\n\nRenters: Report all plumbing leaks and moisture problems immediately to your\nbuilding owner, manager, or superintendent. In cases where persistent water\nproblems are not addressed, you may want to contact local, state, or federal\nhealth or housing authorities. You can also contact your state health\ndepartment.\n\n#### Testing or Sampling for Mold\n\nRust is an indicator that condensation occurs on this drainpipe. The pipe\nshould be insulated to prevent condensation. Click on the image for a larger\nversion.\n\nIs sampling for mold needed? In most cases, if visible mold growth is present,\nsampling is unnecessary. Since no EPA or other federal limits have been set\nfor mold or mold spores, sampling cannot be used to check a building's\ncompliance with federal mold standards. Surface sampling may be useful to\ndetermine if an area has been adequately cleaned or remediated. Sampling for\nmold should be conducted by professionals who have specific experience in\ndesigning mold sampling protocols, sampling methods, and interpreting results.\nSample analysis should follow analytical methods recommended by the American\nIndustrial Hygiene Association (AIHA), the American Conference of Governmental\nIndustrial Hygienists (ACGIH), or other professional organizations.\n\nTop of page\n\n### Hidden Mold\n\n#### Suspicion of hidden mold\n\nMold growing on the back side of wallpaper.\n\nWater stain on a basement wall -- locate and fix the source of the water\npromptly. Click on the image for a larger version.\n\nYou may suspect hidden mold if a building smells moldy, but you cannot see the\nsource, or if you know there has been water damage and residents are reporting\nhealth problems. Mold may be hidden in places such as the back side of dry\nwall, wallpaper, or paneling, the top side of ceiling tiles, the underside of\ncarpets and pads, etc. Other possible locations of hidden mold include areas\ninside walls around pipes (with leaking or condensing pipes), the surface of\nwalls behind furniture (where condensation forms), inside ductwork, and in\nroof materials above ceiling tiles (due to roof leaks or insufficient\ninsulation).\n\n#### Investigating hidden mold problems\n\nInvestigating hidden mold problems may be difficult and will require caution\nwhen the investigation involves disturbing potential sites of mold growth. For\nexample, removal of wallpaper can lead to a massive release of spores if there\nis mold growing on the underside of the paper. If you believe that you may\nhave a hidden mold problem, consider hiring an experienced professional.\n\n### Cleanup and Biocides\n\nBiocides are substances that can destroy living organisms. The use of a\nchemical or biocide that kills organisms such as mold (chlorine bleach, for\nexample) is not recommended as a routine practice during mold cleanup. There\nmay be instances, however, when professional judgment may indicate its use\n(for example, when immune-compromised individuals are present). In most cases,\nit is not possible or desirable to sterilize an area; a background level of\nmold spores will remain - these spores will not grow if the moisture problem\nhas been resolved. If you choose to use disinfectants or biocides, always\nventilate the area and exhaust the air to the outdoors. Never mix chlorine\nbleach solution with other cleaning solutions or detergents that contain\nammonia because toxic fumes could be produced.\n\nPlease note: Dead mold may still cause allergic reactions in some people, so\nit is not enough to simply kill the mold, it must also be removed.\n\nTop of page\n\n#### Area Navigation\n\n * Mold & Moisture Home\n\n * Basic Information\n * Where You Live\n * Frequent Questions\n * Publications\n * Glossary of Terms\n * Related Links\n * Flood Cleanup\n * Natural Emergencies\n * El medio ambiente y su salud: Moho\n\n * News Feeds\n * Podcasts\n * EPA Mobile\n * News by Email\n * Widgets\n\n * EPA Home\n * Privacy and Security Notice\n * Contact Us\n\nThe Seal of the United States Environmental Protection Agency\n\nJump to main content.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210621144253/https://www.goodairgeeks.com/can-will-dehumidifier-kill-mold-effectively/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Best Dehumidifier for Mold",
"passages": [
"Dehumidifiers have been growing in popularity recently. They are useful machines that are able to remove the excess moisture from your home, while protecting all your prized belongings from damage. They are used to make the house feel more comfortable and livable.",
"However, the best dehumidifier for mold is also favourable because of its health benefits. These machines are especially helpful to people with asthma, as they are helped to breathe easier. This is because mold is removed from the home and air.",
"With all this being said, people are still wondering exactly how effective dehumidifiers are. They want to know will a dehumidifier kill mold and mold spores. This article will educate you on the answer to this query.",
"Dehumidifiers work by taking the hot air in a room, and passing it through a fan inside the machine. The moisture in the air is stuck inside the machine, and the resulting dry air is cycled back into the room. Once your room has been dried out with the use of a dehumidifier, there is much less of a chance that condensation will settle on your possessions.",
"Mold will not form, and items will remain safe and unaffected by moisture damage. The size of your dehumidifier really depends on how large the area is that you wish to keep cool and dry. The dehumidifiers vary in terms of how much moisture they can remove from a space. The smallest is 30 pints per day, and the largest is over 90 points per day.",
"Mold has the ability to grow anywhere that it wants to. It can be found in books, carpets, window panes, or even in your kitchen. Obviously, none of us want to be in close contact with mold, as it can potentially harm us and our families.",
"The most likely place that mold will be found include areas in the house that are damper than others. This could include basements or crawl spaces. This article contains a couple factors that should be taken into account when deciding the best way to use a dehumidifier to fight your mold problem.",
"The amount of humidity that the dehumidifier removes from your house is important to know. This is because mold in the house will remain active and toxic if the humidity is at or above a certain level. Typically, if the humidity level is above 60%, the mold will start to become a serious issue, and will not go away. With only a limited access to moisture, the mold spores will continue growing and infecting the inhabitants of the home when the humidity level is above 60%.",
"When dehumidifiers are set to remove enough moisture so the humidity level drops below 50-60%, the mold spores are unable to grow and spread. If this level of humidity is regulated for a certain about of time (approximately 1 week), the spores will be deprived of moisture and everything should air out. New spores will be unable to develop at all, and the air should become easier to breathe.",
"Checking the humidity level of the home is fairly simple. Visually, you should be able to see obvious signs of humidity, such as condensation on the windows, mildew growth, or water stains on ceilings and walls.",
"To test the level more accurately, you can purchase a hygrometer for your home. It is battery operated, and looks similar to a temperature gauge. By following the instructions provided by the manufacturer, you should be able to use your hygrometer to check the humidity levels of the house, and set your dehumidifier correspondingly.",
"Even though dehumidifiers have the ability to prevent mold growth and spread, they cannot remove spores that are already in existence. To ensure that this infectious fungus is gone for good, it needs to be removed and the area has to be continually cleaned. There are a variety of products that you can look for in the store that may assist with the removal of visible mold spores. Alternatively, simple household products such as soap, water and bleach can remove mold when regularly used.",
"To prevent mold from growing inside your dehumidifier, you must remember to empty it on a regular basis. The moisture bucket is a warm and damp place, which is exactly the conditions where mold is likely to form. Your dehumidifier should have a fill indicator on it, which will let you know exactly when you have to empty it. The frequency of having to empty it will depend on where you are located, and what the climate conditions are like. It can vary from once every few days, to multiple times per day.",
"If you are a forgetful type of person, and don’t want to worry about remembering to empty the bucket, there is an alternative. You can run a drain hose from the dehumidifier into a floor drain or sump pump. This means that the dehumidifier will automatically drain water as soon as it has been collected.",
"If you have a serious mold problem in your home, it is recommended that you get it professionally removed, and then continue using your dehumidifier afterwards to prevent further spore development.",
"To answer the question that was posed at the beginning of the article: dehumidifiers will not kill mold, because the existing spores will not be removed. However, the best dehumidifier for mold can stop the onslaught of new mold from appearing, and will work to stop any further spore growth in the house.",
"Have you had any luck dealing with mold in your house? Sometimes it is challenging to get rid of mold, when the typical methods prove to be ineffective. Let us know how you solved the problem, we’d love to hear it!",
"Do not ignore signs that you have mold in your home. It creates an unhealthy environment for all of the inhabitants, and should be dealt with before it gets worse.",
"I live in an area with very high humidity and have mold in the air in the house. We cannot close the house because there is no glass on the windows. Is there any chance that a dehumidifier will help or would it be a waste of money?",
"You’ve probably figured it out by now Shane, but if the environment is not sealed, the dehumidifier will need to work constantly to fight the encroaching moisture. Dehumidifiers are fairly expensive to run, so while this would decrease your ambient humidity (given a large enough dehumidifier), the cost would be extraordinary. (I ran mine in a sealed 10x12x7 room in Hawaii, and it cost over $100/mo) This article glossed over why the hot air condenses in the dehumidifier, but I believe it runs a compressor to create a heat pump.. making it basically an air conditioner with poor heat exchange properties, and air flow control. (And, an air conditioner serves as a dehumidifier if you were in the market for a/c)",
"Good Air Geeks is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We also participate in other affiliate programs where we are compensated for items purchased through links from our site (at no cost to the buyer)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Best Dehumidifier for Mold - Kill Mold Effectively? - Good Air Geeks\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Environment\n * Design And Architecture\n * Clean Energy\n * Reviews\n\n * Dehumidifier Reviews\n * Humidifier Reviews\n * Air Filter Reviews\n * Air Purifier Reviews\n\n# Best Dehumidifier for Mold – Kill Mold Effectively?\n\nby Gavin Wilson\n\nAir Quality Dehumidifier Reviews\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\nDehumidifiers have been growing in popularity recently. They are useful\nmachines that are able to remove the excess moisture from your home, while\nprotecting all your prized belongings from damage. They are used to make the\nhouse feel more comfortable and livable.\n\nHowever, the best dehumidifier for mold is also favourable because of its\nhealth benefits. These machines are especially helpful to people with asthma,\nas they are helped to breathe easier. This is because mold is removed from the\nhome and air.\n\nWith all this being said, people are still wondering exactly how effective\ndehumidifiers are. They want to know will a dehumidifier kill mold and mold\nspores. This article will educate you on the answer to this query.\n\nTable of Contents\n\n## How Do the Best Dehumidifier for Mold Work?\n\nDehumidifiers work by taking the hot air in a room, and passing it through a\nfan inside the machine. The moisture in the air is stuck inside the machine,\nand the resulting dry air is cycled back into the room. Once your room has\nbeen dried out with the use of a dehumidifier, there is much less of a chance\nthat condensation will settle on your possessions.\n\nMold will not form, and items will remain safe and unaffected by moisture\ndamage. The size of your dehumidifier really depends on how large the area is\nthat you wish to keep cool and dry. The dehumidifiers vary in terms of how\nmuch moisture they can remove from a space. The smallest is 30 pints per day,\nand the largest is over 90 points per day.\n\n## So, will a Dehumidifier Solve My Mold Problem?\n\nMold has the ability to grow anywhere that it wants to. It can be found in\nbooks, carpets, window panes, or even in your kitchen. Obviously, none of us\nwant to be in close contact with mold, as it can potentially harm us and our\nfamilies.\n\nThe most likely place that mold will be found include areas in the house that\nare damper than others. This could include basements or crawl spaces. This\narticle contains a couple factors that should be taken into account when\ndeciding the best way to use a dehumidifier to fight your mold problem.\n\n## Humidity Level\n\nThe amount of humidity that the dehumidifier removes from your house is\nimportant to know. This is because mold in the house will remain active and\ntoxic if the humidity is at or above a certain level. Typically, if the\nhumidity level is above 60%, the mold will start to become a serious issue,\nand will not go away. With only a limited access to moisture, the mold spores\nwill continue growing and infecting the inhabitants of the home when the\nhumidity level is above 60%.\n\nWhen dehumidifiers are set to remove enough moisture so the humidity level\ndrops below 50-60%, the mold spores are unable to grow and spread. If this\nlevel of humidity is regulated for a certain about of time (approximately 1\nweek), the spores will be deprived of moisture and everything should air out.\nNew spores will be unable to develop at all, and the air should become easier\nto breathe.\n\nChecking the humidity level of the home is fairly simple. Visually, you should\nbe able to see obvious signs of humidity, such as condensation on the windows,\nmildew growth, or water stains on ceilings and walls.\n\nTo test the level more accurately, you can purchase a hygrometer for your\nhome. It is battery operated, and looks similar to a temperature gauge. By\nfollowing the instructions provided by the manufacturer, you should be able to\nuse your hygrometer to check the humidity levels of the house, and set your\ndehumidifier correspondingly.\n\nClick For Price\n\n## Existing Mold Spores\n\nEven though dehumidifiers have the ability to prevent mold growth and spread,\nthey cannot remove spores that are already in existence. To ensure that this\ninfectious fungus is gone for good, it needs to be removed and the area has to\nbe continually cleaned. There are a variety of products that you can look for\nin the store that may assist with the removal of visible mold spores.\nAlternatively, simple household products such as soap, water and bleach can\nremove mold when regularly used.\n\n## Mold Spores\n\nTo prevent mold from growing inside your dehumidifier, you must remember to\nempty it on a regular basis. The moisture bucket is a warm and damp place,\nwhich is exactly the conditions where mold is likely to form. Your\ndehumidifier should have a fill indicator on it, which will let you know\nexactly when you have to empty it. The frequency of having to empty it will\ndepend on where you are located, and what the climate conditions are like. It\ncan vary from once every few days, to multiple times per day.\n\nIf you are a forgetful type of person, and don’t want to worry about\nremembering to empty the bucket, there is an alternative. You can run a drain\nhose from the dehumidifier into a floor drain or sump pump. This means that\nthe dehumidifier will automatically drain water as soon as it has been\ncollected.\n\nIf you have a serious mold problem in your home, it is recommended that you\nget it professionally removed, and then continue using your dehumidifier\nafterwards to prevent further spore development.\n\n## Conclusion\n\nTo answer the question that was posed at the beginning of the article:\ndehumidifiers will not kill mold, because the existing spores will not be\nremoved. However, the best dehumidifier for mold can stop the onslaught of new\nmold from appearing, and will work to stop any further spore growth in the\nhouse.\n\nHave you had any luck dealing with mold in your house? Sometimes it is\nchallenging to get rid of mold, when the typical methods prove to be\nineffective. Let us know how you solved the problem, we’d love to hear it!\n\nDo not ignore signs that you have mold in your home. It creates an unhealthy\nenvironment for all of the inhabitants, and should be dealt with before it\ngets worse.\n\nSharing is caring!\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n\nCategories Air Quality, Dehumidifier Reviews\n\n### 2 thoughts on “Best Dehumidifier for Mold – Kill Mold Effectively?”\n\n 1. Shane McRae\n\nat\n\nI live in an area with very high humidity and have mold in the air in the\nhouse. We cannot close the house because there is no glass on the windows. Is\nthere any chance that a dehumidifier will help or would it be a waste of\nmoney?\n\n * Will Ralphs\n\nat\n\nYou’ve probably figured it out by now Shane, but if the environment is not\nsealed, the dehumidifier will need to work constantly to fight the encroaching\nmoisture. Dehumidifiers are fairly expensive to run, so while this would\ndecrease your ambient humidity (given a large enough dehumidifier), the cost\nwould be extraordinary. (I ran mine in a sealed 10x12x7 room in Hawaii, and it\ncost over $100/mo) This article glossed over why the hot air condenses in the\ndehumidifier, but I believe it runs a compressor to create a heat pump..\nmaking it basically an air conditioner with poor heat exchange properties, and\nair flow control. (And, an air conditioner serves as a dehumidifier if you\nwere in the market for a/c)\n\nComments are closed.\n\n## Related Posts\n\n##### The Best Dehumidifier With Pump And Why Guide and Reviews\n\nGavin Wilson\n\n##### Best Air Purifiers for Babies\n\nCandace O\n\n##### How to Clean a Crane humidifier\n\nCandace O\n\n##### A Look At The Best Small Dehumidifiers You Can Buy\n\nGavin Wilson\n\n##### Everything You Need to Know About Air Pollution\n\nCandace O\n\n##### Hisense Dehumidifier Reviews – 2021 Reviews and Comparison\n\nGavin Wilson\n\n## FOLLOW US\n\n## Related Posts\n\nCan You Use Essential Oils on a Furnace Filter? Why or Why Not?Best\nDehumidifiers – Reviews and Buyers GuideBest Frigidaire DehumidifierThe Very\nBest Commercial Dehumidifier – 2021 Guide and ReviewsWhere is the Air\nConditioner Filter Located?\n\nGood Air Geeks is a participant in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program,\nan affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for sites to earn\nadvertising fees by advertising and linking to Amazon.com. We also participate\nin other affiliate programs where we are compensated for items purchased\nthrough links from our site (at no cost to the buyer).\n\nCopyright © 2021 by Good Air Geeks\n\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms Of Service\n * Contact\n * About\n\n48 shares\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518115034/https://moldblogger.com/preventing-mold-with-bathroom-ventilation/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation",
"passages": [
"Most people understand that mold likes moisture. That’s why bathrooms are so vulnerable to mold. Water that gets onto the bathroom floor after showering or bathing is an obvious concern. But waterproof flooring materials like ceramic tile or sheet vinyl do a good job of minimizing the mold potential of water that gets on the floor. Of greater concern is moisture in the air –moisture that can permeate wall and ceiling materials because of poor bathroom ventilation.",
"When the bathroom fills with a fog of moist air while someone is taking a hot shower, thousands of moisture droplets can condense on cool wall, ceiling and window surfaces in the bathroom and also in adjacent rooms. Some of this moist air can even penetrate into unseen building cavities through cracks and gaps around electrical outlets and molding. Because damp organic material (wood, paper-faced wallboard, paint resins, paper-faced fiberglass insulation) makes ideal mold food, we have the makings of a mold invasion.",
"The bathroom vent fan is a major weapon against bathroom mold. The fan’s job is to move moist air outside the house before it can condense and permeate into mold-prone materials. Most building codes require that bathrooms be equipped with “active ventilation” in the form of a ventilation fan. However, the bath fan only helps to prevent mold and moisture damage if it’s turned on during bathing activities and kept on until moist air is moved outside. Who can say whether or not the next person to take a shower will remember to turn on the fan?",
"Another problem that can occur with bathroom vent fans has to do with how they are installed. Some builders mistakenly allow the fan to blow moist air into the attic, a practice that simply moves the mold problem to another part of the house. During cold weather, warm, moist air blown into a cooler attic will deposit its moisture on attic rafters and roof sheathing. Telltale black mold stains typically result from this ventilation error. Eventually, this mold can develop into wood rot.",
"Fortunately, there are several ways to make sure the bath fan is used properly to evacuate moist air. First and foremost, the fan must be ducted to the exterior, not to the attic. Best practice for bath fan installation also includes using spray foam or caulk to seal air leaks around the ceiling opening for the fan, and covering the fan with attic insulation.",
"To ensure that the fan is always used to exhaust moist air from the bathroom, the fan can simply be controlled by the same switch that operates to bathroom’s main light fixture. The fan comes on with the light, whether it’s needed or not. Another approach favored by many homeowners is to install a fan that is controlled by a humidistat. This device measures the bathroom’s humidity level, turning on the fan when a preset humidity level is detected. This type of sophisticated control will also turn the fan off automatically when the humidity falls below a preset level. Manufacturers like Braun and Panasonic are leading the way in developing advanced controls for bath fans that are also quiet and energy efficient.",
"Interested in learning about mold and how to get rid of it? I recommend checking out the EPA’s guide for mold cleanup and this very informative mold learning center.",
"Thanks for sharing, we had a slight mold issue I was able to get a handle on before it got to bad. My kids are horrible with turning the fan on when showering and I am convinced this was the ultimate issue, well that and the fan was not working 100% of the time. Mold removal can be such a costly en- devour! When shopping for a new Bathroom exhaust fan I found the following website helpful. http://thebathroomhomeguide.com/bathroom-exhaust-fan/",
"Thanks for this informative blog. I’m considering have a window to allow a better air circulation in the bathroom. Would that a good option to avoid mold?",
"Hey there, I really appreciate your post, it was really informative. I’ll be looking forward for Home, or kitchen exhaust fan your next post....",
"Great post. Which manufacturer/model would you recommend the most for ventilation? At the moment I’m looking to get Panasonic 110 CFM for my bathroom...",
"Treating with mold is a difficult task but the more annoying task is to recognize the mold and its symptoms. Most of times homeowners take it lightly but their after sideffects are too dangerous. Types of molds and its symptoms http://www.floodaz.com/types-of-mold/",
"This is a nice post about exhaust fan. Exhaust fan in hails fresh air from outside and remove air from inside the room. This post has shown some great model of exhaust fan. So thanks for writing such a awesome post.",
"Mold along with the bathroom ventilator is costly but this didn’t exist for a long time for me. my kids used to play with these exhaust fans as the wall mounted is little low in my home. I finally checked for various sources and finally got the exact exhaust and the ventilation fan for my bathroom from http://bestfanreviews.com/",
"My family and I live in Michigan. We live in an apartment on the top floor. When it is very windy outside, dark flakes come out of the bathroom ceiling fan vent. This has happened more than once. I think this started after some roofers did roof work (about two years ago). Last week, a lot of dark flakes came out of the bathroom vent. The flakes got on the toilet and floor. I called the housing inspector days ago, but he has not called me back. A maintenance guy came over yesterday, and he vacuumed out the vent. Do you know what the dark flakes are? Can they cause health problems? The maintenance guy said the stuff is dirt. The flakes don’t look like dirt.",
"Our vision is to help mold victims find relief, educate homeowners on sound mold prevention practices, and raise remediation standards in the mold removal industry.",
"The information on this site is not a substitute for experienced remediation services or professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Content on this website is for general information purposes."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation - Mold Blogger\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## Join the fight!\n\nShare about your mold battle! OR Ask a question to our mold experts!\n\n## Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation\n\nAugust 12, 2013January 7, 2018 BrianReeves Black Mold, Featured, Guest Posts,\nMold Information, Mold Prevention, Toxic Mold, Water Damage\n\nA properly installed vent fan is an essential weapon against bathroom mold.\n\nMost people understand that mold likes moisture. That’s why bathrooms are so\nvulnerable to mold. Water that gets onto the bathroom floor after showering or\nbathing is an obvious concern. But waterproof flooring materials like ceramic\ntile or sheet vinyl do a good job of minimizing the mold potential of water\nthat gets on the floor. Of greater concern is moisture in the air –moisture\nthat can permeate wall and ceiling materials because of poor bathroom\nventilation.\n\nWhen the bathroom fills with a fog of moist air while someone is taking a hot\nshower, thousands of moisture droplets can condense on cool wall, ceiling and\nwindow surfaces in the bathroom and also in adjacent rooms. Some of this moist\nair can even penetrate into unseen building cavities through cracks and gaps\naround electrical outlets and molding. Because damp organic material (wood,\npaper-faced wallboard, paint resins, paper-faced fiberglass insulation) makes\nideal mold food, we have the makings of a mold invasion.\n\nVentilation to the rescue –sometimes\n\nThe bathroom vent fan is a major weapon against bathroom mold. The fan’s job\nis to move moist air outside the house before it can condense and permeate\ninto mold-prone materials. Most building codes require that bathrooms be\nequipped with “active ventilation” in the form of a ventilation fan. However,\nthe bath fan only helps to prevent mold and moisture damage if it’s turned on\nduring bathing activities and kept on until moist air is moved outside. Who\ncan say whether or not the next person to take a shower will remember to turn\non the fan?\n\nAnother problem that can occur with bathroom vent fans has to do with how they\nare installed. Some builders mistakenly allow the fan to blow moist air into\nthe attic, a practice that simply moves the mold problem to another part of\nthe house. During cold weather, warm, moist air blown into a cooler attic will\ndeposit its moisture on attic rafters and roof sheathing. Telltale black mold\nstains typically result from this ventilation error. Eventually, this mold can\ndevelop into wood rot.\n\nBathroom ventilation done right\n\nFortunately, there are several ways to make sure the bath fan is used properly\nto evacuate moist air. First and foremost, the fan must be ducted to the\nexterior, not to the attic. Best practice for bath fan installation also\nincludes using spray foam or caulk to seal air leaks around the ceiling\nopening for the fan, and covering the fan with attic insulation.\n\nTo ensure that the fan is always used to exhaust moist air from the bathroom,\nthe fan can simply be controlled by the same switch that operates to\nbathroom’s main light fixture. The fan comes on with the light, whether it’s\nneeded or not. Another approach favored by many homeowners is to install a fan\nthat is controlled by a humidistat. This device measures the bathroom’s\nhumidity level, turning on the fan when a preset humidity level is detected.\nThis type of sophisticated control will also turn the fan off automatically\nwhen the humidity falls below a preset level. Manufacturers like Braun and\nPanasonic are leading the way in developing advanced controls for bath fans\nthat are also quiet and energy efficient.\n\nInterested in learning about mold and how to get rid of it? I recommend\nchecking out the EPA’s guide for mold cleanup and this very informative mold\nlearning center.\n\nTim Snyder is an author specializing in home building topics such as mold and\nenergy efficiency.\n\n### 11 thoughts to “Preventing mold with bathroom ventilation”\n\n 1. vanessawilson says:\n\nApril 5, 2014 at 3:25 am\n\nThis very interesting information about bathroom ventilation thanks for\nsharing.\n\n 2. Tommy says:\n\nFebruary 5, 2015 at 8:17 am\n\nThanks for sharing, we had a slight mold issue I was able to get a handle on\nbefore it got to bad. My kids are horrible with turning the fan on when\nshowering and I am convinced this was the ultimate issue, well that and the\nfan was not working 100% of the time. Mold removal can be such a costly en-\ndevour! When shopping for a new Bathroom exhaust fan I found the following\nwebsite helpful. http://thebathroomhomeguide.com/bathroom-exhaust-fan/\n\n 3. Punitha says:\n\nJune 10, 2015 at 3:49 am\n\nHi,\n\nThanks for this informative blog. I’m considering have a window to allow a\nbetter air circulation in the bathroom. Would that a good option to avoid\nmold?\n\n 4. Bappy says:\n\nJune 25, 2015 at 9:34 pm\n\nHey there, I really appreciate your post, it was really informative. I’ll be\nlooking forward for Home, or kitchen exhaust fan your next post....\n\n 5. Annette J. Gordon says:\n\nMarch 8, 2016 at 3:37 am\n\nGreat post. Which manufacturer/model would you recommend the most for\nventilation? At the moment I’m looking to get Panasonic 110 CFM for my\nbathroom...\n\n 6. abd says:\n\nJune 27, 2016 at 9:56 am\n\nYes indeed, a window is better than nothing..\n\n 7. Selena says:\n\nJuly 7, 2016 at 2:54 am\n\nTreating with mold is a difficult task but the more annoying task is to\nrecognize the mold and its symptoms. Most of times homeowners take it lightly\nbut their after sideffects are too dangerous. Types of molds and its symptoms\nhttp://www.floodaz.com/types-of-mold/\n\n 8. Puspendu Seth says:\n\nOctober 25, 2016 at 4:15 am\n\nThis is a nice post about exhaust fan. Exhaust fan in hails fresh air from\noutside and remove air from inside the room. This post has shown some great\nmodel of exhaust fan. So thanks for writing such a awesome post.\n\n 9. Homer Parker says:\n\nDecember 28, 2016 at 2:13 am\n\nMold along with the bathroom ventilator is costly but this didn’t exist for a\nlong time for me. my kids used to play with these exhaust fans as the wall\nmounted is little low in my home. I finally checked for various sources and\nfinally got the exact exhaust and the ventilation fan for my bathroom from\nhttp://bestfanreviews.com/\n\n 10. Bernice Reid says:\n\nDecember 8, 2017 at 10:46 am\n\nMy family and I live in Michigan. We live in an apartment on the top floor.\nWhen it is very windy outside, dark flakes come out of the bathroom ceiling\nfan vent. This has happened more than once. I think this started after some\nroofers did roof work (about two years ago). Last week, a lot of dark flakes\ncame out of the bathroom vent. The flakes got on the toilet and floor. I\ncalled the housing inspector days ago, but he has not called me back. A\nmaintenance guy came over yesterday, and he vacuumed out the vent. Do you know\nwhat the dark flakes are? Can they cause health problems? The maintenance guy\nsaid the stuff is dirt. The flakes don’t look like dirt.\n\n 11. NFPA Construction Group says:\n\nSeptember 6, 2019 at 11:07 pm\n\nThanks for sharing this awesome blog with us.\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Looking For Something?\n\n### User Feedback\n\nASK A MOLD QUESTION\n\nSHARE YOUR MOLD STORY\n\n### Follow us\n\n### Popular Posts\n\nExamples of Mold Lawsuits 28 Jul , 2015\n\nSymptoms of Household Mold Exposure 18 Aug , 2015\n\nHow to Remove Mold and the Smell from Clothing 05 Apr , 2016\n\nMold is Dangerous: 7 Tips You Need To Know 11 Aug , 2015\n\nMold Warning Signs: How to Tell if You Have a Mold Problem 25 Mar , 2016\n\n10 Health Risks of Toxic Mold 05 Dec , 2005\n\nMold on Skin: Causes, Symptoms & Treatment 04 Apr , 2016\n\nProduct Review: Concrobium Mold Control 06 Jul , 2008\n\nToxic Mold Litigation – Do I Have A Case? 27 Jul , 2015\n\nMold Removal Cost – What You Can Expect To Pay 25 Mar , 2016\n\n### What People are Saying\n\n * R on Foods to Eat When You Have Mold or Yeast in Your Body\n * Mary on Recovering from Mold Related Illnesses\n * Rocky on 3 Reasons Why You Should Never Use Bleach To Clean Mold\n * Cindy Ceteras on You are Drinking Mold in Your Coffee\n * Michael on Examples of Mold Lawsuits\n\n### Categories\n\n * Mold Information 182\n * Featured 131\n * Uncategorized 106\n * Mold Prevention 97\n * Mold Removal 100\n\nOur vision is to help mold victims find relief, educate homeowners on sound\nmold prevention practices, and raise remediation standards in the mold removal\nindustry.\n\nThe information on this site is not a substitute for experienced remediation\nservices or professional medical advice, diagnosis or treatment. Content on\nthis website is for general information purposes.\n\n\\- Brian Reeves - Mold Blogger All rights reserved. Theme by Colorlib Powered\nby WordPress\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812093733/https://moldpedia.com/how-to-prevent-mold",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Prevent Mold",
"passages": [
"The main things mold needs to grow in a home are organic materials to feed on and moisture. In houses there are always plenty of organic materials for mold to live on such as wood, drywall and various other building materials.",
"Moisture, on the other hand, can be controlled practically and so keeping the moisture in your home low is the best way to prevent mold growth.",
"Most molds need 24-48 hours of moisture to begin to grow. Therefore if a suitable material in your home is wet for more than 24 hours then you run the risk of mold starting to grow.",
"There are a few main things which usually cause moisture problems in the home. One is water leaks. These include things such as leaking roofs or walls, leaking pipes and leaking taps or a leaking shower.",
"If you know of any leaks in your home you should fix them without delay. You might need to inspect your home to find any water leaks you didn't know about.",
"Condensation is another frequent cause of moisture. Condensation forms on cold surfaces when water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid. Often you'll see condensation on metal pipes, concrete walls, water tanks and windows.",
"One way to reduce condensation is to keep the temperature warmer in rooms. For example, by installing insulation. You can also insulate the surfaces themselves such as putting coverings over metal pipes. You'll also have less condensation occurring if you keep the humidity in your home low.",
"Many species of mold can begin to grow from humidity alone if the humidity stays high for long enough. In fact the humidity only needs to be higher than 55% before some molds can begin to grow.",
"The best way to keep humidity low in your home is through ventilation. Open the windows during the day, especially when it's hot since this is when humidity is usually the lowest outside. Close your windows when it's raining outside though.",
"It's especially important to ventilate the rooms where steam and moisture builds up, like the kitchen and bathroom. Exhaust fans help to reduce the humidity when doing things like cooking or washing dishes.",
"One common cause of moisture problems in homes is wet clothes. After you've washed your clothes you should immediately dry them. Don't leave them sitting in a wet pile for a long time. Make sure not to leave any wet clothes lying around waiting to be washed too.",
"It's best to dry your clothes outside on a clothes line if you can. Hanging them inside on a clothes horse or indoor clothes line will not dry them as quickly and the moisture from your clothes will evaporate into the air, raising the humidity. If you dry them in a clothes dryer inside your home then you should exhaust the air outdoors if possible. In either case make sure the room where you're drying your clothes is well ventilated.",
"Once mold has begun to grow in your home it's not enough to just take away the mold's moisture source. Mold that runs out of moisture can lie dormant for a long time without dying. So if you already have mold growth in your home you need to take steps to have it removed.",
"Mold grows and feeds on organic substances such as wood or cotton. Mold should not grow on surfaces like plastic, metal or glass unless there is a layer of grease or some other organic substance which it can feed on.",
"Some materials mold commonly grows on in the home include wood, carpet, food, paper, insulation, wallpaper, paint, wallpaper glue, plasterboard, fabrics, cotton, books, leather, chipboard, furniture, dust, ceiling tiles, inside air conditioners and almost any other organic material.",
"You should clean regularly to reduce dirt and grime which mold can live on. Dust and vacuum often, ideally with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air) filtered vacuum cleaner to remove dust and other substances that mold can grow off of. It has been found that 80% of mold grows on dust.",
"Mold spores are everywhere in the air outside. They float through buildings all the time and there is no practical way to remove all mold spores indoors.",
"However if the concentration of mold spores inside is significantly higher than outside then it can start to cause health issues. A higher amount of mold spores also increases the potential for mold problems to start.",
"Mold spores enter homes through windows, doors, air ducts, etc. They can also be transported inside attached to skin, clothing, hair, pets, etc.",
"Although you cannot eliminate all mold spores inside your home or prevent all mold spores from entering, minimizing the amount of spores will prevent you from suffering mold related health problems and lessen the chance of mold beginning to grow in your home.",
"To minimize mold spores clean and dust often. Also vacuum your home regularly, preferably with a HEPA vacuum cleaner to remove mold spores. HEPA air filters in your home also help remove mold spores from the air.",
"Mold loves dark spaces indoors to grow in. Allowing sunlight in will reduce the chances of mold growing so open the curtains in rooms during the day to let natural light in.",
"Mold generally does not grow in cold environments. Warm, humid conditions are ideal for mold growth. Most molds need temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit (20 degrees Celsius) or more to grow."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Prevent Mold\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\n\n# How to Prevent Mold\n\nThe main things mold needs to grow in a home are organic materials to feed on\nand moisture. In houses there are always plenty of organic materials for mold\nto live on such as wood, drywall and various other building materials.\n\nMoisture, on the other hand, can be controlled practically and so keeping the\nmoisture in your home low is the best way to prevent mold growth.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Moisture\n\nMost molds need 24-48 hours of moisture to begin to grow. Therefore if a\nsuitable material in your home is wet for more than 24 hours then you run the\nrisk of mold starting to grow.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Water Leaks\n\nThere are a few main things which usually cause moisture problems in the home.\nOne is water leaks. These include things such as leaking roofs or walls,\nleaking pipes and leaking taps or a leaking shower.\n\nIf you know of any leaks in your home you should fix them without delay. You\nmight need to inspect your home to find any water leaks you didn't know about.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Preventing Condensation\n\nCondensation is another frequent cause of moisture. Condensation forms on cold\nsurfaces when water vapor in the air cools and becomes liquid. Often you'll\nsee condensation on metal pipes, concrete walls, water tanks and windows.\n\nOne way to reduce condensation is to keep the temperature warmer in rooms. For\nexample, by installing insulation. You can also insulate the surfaces\nthemselves such as putting coverings over metal pipes. You'll also have less\ncondensation occurring if you keep the humidity in your home low.\n\n## Prevent Mold by Reducing Humidity\n\nDehumidifier\n\nMany species of mold can begin to grow from humidity alone if the humidity\nstays high for long enough. In fact the humidity only needs to be higher than\n55% before some molds can begin to grow.\n\nThe best way to keep humidity low in your home is through ventilation. Open\nthe windows during the day, especially when it's hot since this is when\nhumidity is usually the lowest outside. Close your windows when it's raining\noutside though.\n\nIt's especially important to ventilate the rooms where steam and moisture\nbuilds up, like the kitchen and bathroom. Exhaust fans help to reduce the\nhumidity when doing things like cooking or washing dishes.\n\nAir conditioners can also reduce household humidity, as can using\ndehumidifiers in your home.\n\n## Wet Clothes and Preventing Mold\n\nOne common cause of moisture problems in homes is wet clothes. After you've\nwashed your clothes you should immediately dry them. Don't leave them sitting\nin a wet pile for a long time. Make sure not to leave any wet clothes lying\naround waiting to be washed too.\n\nIt's best to dry your clothes outside on a clothes line if you can. Hanging\nthem inside on a clothes horse or indoor clothes line will not dry them as\nquickly and the moisture from your clothes will evaporate into the air,\nraising the humidity. If you dry them in a clothes dryer inside your home then\nyou should exhaust the air outdoors if possible. In either case make sure the\nroom where you're drying your clothes is well ventilated.\n\nMold and Clothes\n\n## Removing Mold\n\nOnce mold has begun to grow in your home it's not enough to just take away the\nmold's moisture source. Mold that runs out of moisture can lie dormant for a\nlong time without dying. So if you already have mold growth in your home you\nneed to take steps to have it removed.\n\nKilling Mold\n\nMold Removal and Remediation\n\n## Mold Food Sources and Cleaning to Prevent Mold\n\nMold grows and feeds on organic substances such as wood or cotton. Mold should\nnot grow on surfaces like plastic, metal or glass unless there is a layer of\ngrease or some other organic substance which it can feed on.\n\nSome materials mold commonly grows on in the home include wood, carpet, food,\npaper, insulation, wallpaper, paint, wallpaper glue, plasterboard, fabrics,\ncotton, books, leather, chipboard, furniture, dust, ceiling tiles, inside air\nconditioners and almost any other organic material.\n\nYou should clean regularly to reduce dirt and grime which mold can live on.\nDust and vacuum often, ideally with a HEPA (High Efficiency Particulate Air)\nfiltered vacuum cleaner to remove dust and other substances that mold can grow\noff of. It has been found that 80% of mold grows on dust.\n\nFor more information about vacuum cleaners and mold visit Vacuum Mold.\n\n## Minimizing Mold Spores to Prevent Mold\n\nMold spores are everywhere in the air outside. They float through buildings\nall the time and there is no practical way to remove all mold spores indoors.\n\nHowever if the concentration of mold spores inside is significantly higher\nthan outside then it can start to cause health issues. A higher amount of mold\nspores also increases the potential for mold problems to start.\n\nMold spores enter homes through windows, doors, air ducts, etc. They can also\nbe transported inside attached to skin, clothing, hair, pets, etc.\n\nAlthough you cannot eliminate all mold spores inside your home or prevent all\nmold spores from entering, minimizing the amount of spores will prevent you\nfrom suffering mold related health problems and lessen the chance of mold\nbeginning to grow in your home.\n\nTo minimize mold spores clean and dust often. Also vacuum your home regularly,\npreferably with a HEPA vacuum cleaner to remove mold spores. HEPA air filters\nin your home also help remove mold spores from the air.\n\n## Sunlight to Prevent Mold\n\nMold loves dark spaces indoors to grow in. Allowing sunlight in will reduce\nthe chances of mold growing so open the curtains in rooms during the day to\nlet natural light in.\n\n## Warmth and Preventing Mold\n\nMold generally does not grow in cold environments. Warm, humid conditions are\nideal for mold growth. Most molds need temperature of 70 degrees Fahrenheit\n(20 degrees Celsius) or more to grow.\n\nAir conditioners to regulate the temperature of your house can help prevent\nmold growth.\n\nFor more information about what the common causes of mold are in the home go\nto Mold Causes.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211112192435/https://www.healthline.com/health/is-borax-safe",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Is Borax Safe: To Ingest, For Kids, on Skin, and More",
"passages": [
"Borax, also called sodium tetraborate, is a powdery white mineral that has been used as a cleaning product for several decades. It has many uses:",
"In cosmetic products, borax is sometimes used as an emulsifier, buffering agent, or preservative for moisturizing products, creams, shampoos, gels, lotions, bath bombs, scrubs, and bath salts.",
"Borax is also an ingredient combined with glue and water to make “slime,” a gooey material that many kids enjoy playing with.",
"Today, modern ingredients have mostly replaced the use of borax in cleansers and cosmetics. And slime can be made out of other ingredients, such as cornstarch. But some people continue to use borax because it has been advertised as a “green” ingredient. But is it safe?",
"Borax is marketed as a green product because it doesn’t contain phosphates or chlorine. Instead, its main ingredient is sodium tetraborate, a naturally occurring mineral.",
"People sometimes confuse sodium tetraborate — the main ingredient in borax — and boric acid, which has similar properties. Boric acid, however, is usually used exclusively as a pesticide and is much more toxic than sodium tetraborate, so it should be handled with extra special care.",
"While borax may be natural, that doesn’t mean it’s completely safe. Borax often comes in a box with a caution label warning users that the product is an eye irritant and that it may be harmful if swallowed. While people are mostly exposed to borax in their homes, they may also encounter it at work, such as in factories or at borax mining and refining plants.",
"The National Institutes of Health has found that borax has been associated with several adverse health effects in humans. These include:",
"Borax exposure can irritate the skin or eyes and can also irritate the body if inhaled or exposed. People have reported burns from borax exposure to their skin. Signs of borax exposure include:",
"High exposure to borax (and boric acid) is believed to disrupt the body’s hormones. They may especially impair male reproduction, reducing sperm count and libido.",
"In one study, scientists found that rats fed borax experienced atrophy of their testes, or reproductive organs. In women, borax may reduce ovulation and fertility. In pregnant lab animals, high-level exposures to borax was found to cross the placenta border, harming fetal development and causing low birth weight.",
"Borax is quickly broken down by the body if ingested and inhaled. Scientists have linked borax exposure — even from cosmetics — to organ damage and serious poisonings.",
"If a young child ingests as little as 5 to 10 grams of borax, they may experience severe vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and death. Small children can be exposed to borax through hand-to-mouth transfer, especially if they play with slime made with borax or crawl around the floor where pesticides have been applied.",
"According to the David Suzuki Foundation, borax poses significant health risks. To reduce that risk, people can replace the borax-containing products they normally use with safer alternatives. Some alternatives to borax it suggests include:",
"Canada and the European Union restrict the use of borax in some cosmetic and health products and require that any products containing these ingredients be labeled as inappropriate for use on broken or damaged skin. Such safety regulations don’t exist in the United States.",
"Generally, borax has been found as safe to use as a cleaning product if you take the appropriate precautions. Using borax safely involves minimizing your routes of exposure.",
"Never leave borax in the reach of children, whether it’s in a box or used around the house. Don’t use borax to make slime with kids.",
"Avoid using borax and boric acid products around pets. This includes avoiding use of borax as a pesticide on the ground, where pets may be commonly exposed.",
"Keep borax away from your eyes, nose, and mouth to minimize your risks of exposure when using as a cleaning product.",
"Cover any open wounds on your hands when using borax. Borax is more easily absorbed through open wounds on the skin, so keeping them covered can reduce your risk of exposure.",
"If you want to make a completely safe slime for your kid to play with, click here for a simple recipe.",
"In the event that someone ingests or inhales borax, especially a child, call the American Association of Poison Control Centers immediately at 1-800-222-1222. Medical experts will advise you how to act. How the situation is handled depends on the age and size of the person, as well as the dose of borax they were exposed to.",
"Find information on isopropyl alcohol poisoning symptoms, causes, and diagnosis. Learn what to do if you suspect you have isopropyl alcohol poisoning.",
"Discover why gasoline exposure can be dangerous for your health. Learn about gasoline poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, when to seek help, and...",
"The Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to purchase or use nitrite poppers because they can cause serious health problems, including...",
"New research from the University of Notre Dame found that nearly half of cosmetic products tested in a study contained per- and polyfluoroalkyl...",
"Mad hatter disease is a form of chronic mercury poisoning. It got its name because it commonly affected hat makers in the 18th to 20th centuries.",
"Pesticides are used in farming to kill weeds and insects. This article explores whether the pesticide residues in foods are harmful to human health.",
"The chemicals used to cool appliances like air conditioners are known as refrigerant. Refrigerant can be poisonous if you’re exposed to it for too...",
"© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.",
"© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Is Borax Safe: To Ingest, For Kids, on Skin, and More\n\n# Is Borax Toxic?\n\nMedically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI — Written by\nErica Cirino — Updated on May 29, 2018\n\nShare on Pinterest\n\n##\n\nWhat is borax?\n\nBorax, also called sodium tetraborate, is a powdery white mineral that has\nbeen used as a cleaning product for several decades. It has many uses:\n\n * It helps get rid of stains, mold, and mildew around the house.\n * It can kill insects such as ants.\n * It’s used in laundry detergents and household cleansers to help whiten and get rid of dirt.\n * It can neutralize odors and soften hard water.\n\nIn cosmetic products, borax is sometimes used as an emulsifier, buffering\nagent, or preservative for moisturizing products, creams, shampoos, gels,\nlotions, bath bombs, scrubs, and bath salts.\n\nBorax is also an ingredient combined with glue and water to make “slime,” a\ngooey material that many kids enjoy playing with.\n\nToday, modern ingredients have mostly replaced the use of borax in cleansers\nand cosmetics. And slime can be made out of other ingredients, such as\ncornstarch. But some people continue to use borax because it has been\nadvertised as a “green” ingredient. But is it safe?\n\n##\n\nIs borax safe to ingest or put on your skin?\n\nBorax is marketed as a green product because it doesn’t contain phosphates or\nchlorine. Instead, its main ingredient is sodium tetraborate, a naturally\noccurring mineral.\n\nPeople sometimes confuse sodium tetraborate — the main ingredient in borax —\nand boric acid, which has similar properties. Boric acid, however, is usually\nused exclusively as a pesticide and is much more toxic than sodium\ntetraborate, so it should be handled with extra special care.\n\nWhile borax may be natural, that doesn’t mean it’s completely safe. Borax\noften comes in a box with a caution label warning users that the product is an\neye irritant and that it may be harmful if swallowed. While people are mostly\nexposed to borax in their homes, they may also encounter it at work, such as\nin factories or at borax mining and refining plants.\n\nThe National Institutes of Health has found that borax has been associated\nwith several adverse health effects in humans. These include:\n\n * irritation\n * hormone issues\n * toxicity\n * death\n\n### Irritation\n\nBorax exposure can irritate the skin or eyes and can also irritate the body if\ninhaled or exposed. People have reported burns from borax exposure to their\nskin. Signs of borax exposure include:\n\n * skin rash\n * mouth infection\n * vomiting\n * eye irritation\n * nausea\n * respiratory problems\n\n### Hormone problems\n\nHigh exposure to borax (and boric acid) is believed to disrupt the body’s\nhormones. They may especially impair male reproduction, reducing sperm count\nand libido.\n\nIn one study, scientists found that rats fed borax experienced atrophy of\ntheir testes, or reproductive organs. In women, borax may reduce ovulation and\nfertility. In pregnant lab animals, high-level exposures to borax was found to\ncross the placenta border, harming fetal development and causing low birth\nweight.\n\n### Toxicity\n\nBorax is quickly broken down by the body if ingested and inhaled. Scientists\nhave linked borax exposure — even from cosmetics — to organ damage and serious\npoisonings.\n\n### Death\n\nIf a young child ingests as little as 5 to 10 grams of borax, they may\nexperience severe vomiting, diarrhea, shock, and death. Small children can be\nexposed to borax through hand-to-mouth transfer, especially if they play with\nslime made with borax or crawl around the floor where pesticides have been\napplied.\n\nFatal doses of borax exposure for adults are estimated at 10 to 25 grams.\n\nAccording to the David Suzuki Foundation, borax poses significant health\nrisks. To reduce that risk, people can replace the borax-containing products\nthey normally use with safer alternatives. Some alternatives to borax it\nsuggests include:\n\n * Disinfectants such as food-grade hydrogen peroxide, half a lemon, salt, white vinegar, and essential oils.\n * Clothing detergents such as liquid or powdered oxygen bleach, baking soda, and washing soda.\n * Mold and mildew fighters such as salt or white vinegar.\n * Cosmetics that contain natural ingredients other than borax or boric acid.\n\nCanada and the European Union restrict the use of borax in some cosmetic and\nhealth products and require that any products containing these ingredients be\nlabeled as inappropriate for use on broken or damaged skin. Such safety\nregulations don’t exist in the United States.\n\n##\n\nHow to safely use borax\n\nGenerally, borax has been found as safe to use as a cleaning product if you\ntake the appropriate precautions. Using borax safely involves minimizing your\nroutes of exposure.\n\nHere’s safety tips to follow:\n\n * Do not use cosmetic products that contain borax.\n * Avoid inhaling borax powder by always keeping it a safe distance from your mouth.\n * Use gloves when using borax as a cleaning agent around the house.\n * Fully rinse the area you’re cleaning with water after washing with borax.\n * Wash your hands with soap after using borax if it gets on your skin.\n * Make sure clothes washed with borax are fully rinsed before drying and wearing them.\n * Never leave borax in the reach of children, whether it’s in a box or used around the house. Don’t use borax to make slime with kids.\n * Avoid using borax and boric acid products around pets. This includes avoiding use of borax as a pesticide on the ground, where pets may be commonly exposed.\n * Keep borax away from your eyes, nose, and mouth to minimize your risks of exposure when using as a cleaning product.\n * Cover any open wounds on your hands when using borax. Borax is more easily absorbed through open wounds on the skin, so keeping them covered can reduce your risk of exposure.\n\nIf you want to make a completely safe slime for your kid to play with, click\nhere for a simple recipe.\n\n> In an emergency\n>\n> In the event that someone ingests or inhales borax, especially a child, call\n> the American Association of Poison Control Centers immediately at\n> 1-800-222-1222. Medical experts will advise you how to act. How the\n> situation is handled depends on the age and size of the person, as well as\n> the dose of borax they were exposed to.\n\nLast medically reviewed on May 29, 2018\n\nMedically reviewed by Debra Sullivan, Ph.D., MSN, R.N., CNE, COI — Written by\nErica Cirino — Updated on May 29, 2018\n\n### Read this next\n\n * How to Handle School Sick Days\n\nMedically reviewed by Tyler Walker, MD\n\nUse this guide to help decide whether or not your child should take a sick day\nfrom school.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Isopropyl Alcohol Poisoning\n\nMedically reviewed by Femi Aremu, PharmD\n\nFind information on isopropyl alcohol poisoning symptoms, causes, and\ndiagnosis. Learn what to do if you suspect you have isopropyl alcohol\npoisoning.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Gasoline and Health\n\nMedically reviewed by Lauren Castiello, MS, AGNP-C\n\nDiscover why gasoline exposure can be dangerous for your health. Learn about\ngasoline poisoning, carbon monoxide poisoning, when to seek help, and...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Why Is the FDA Warning About Nitrite Poppers?\n\nThe Food and Drug Administration is warning consumers not to purchase or use\nnitrite poppers because they can cause serious health problems, including...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What’s in Your Lipstick? Study Finds ‘Forever Chemicals’ Common in Cosmetics\n\nNew research from the University of Notre Dame found that nearly half of\ncosmetic products tested in a study contained per- and polyfluoroalkyl...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * What Is Mad Hatter Disease (Erethism)?\n\nMedically reviewed by Nancy Hammond, M.D.\n\nMad hatter disease is a form of chronic mercury poisoning. It got its name\nbecause it commonly affected hat makers in the 18th to 20th centuries.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Are Pesticides in Foods Harming Your Health?\n\nWritten by Matthew Thorpe, MD, PhD and Rachael Link, MS, RD\n\nPesticides are used in farming to kill weeds and insects. This article\nexplores whether the pesticide residues in foods are harmful to human health.\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * Refrigerant Poisoning\n\nMedically reviewed by Cynthia Taylor Chavoustie, MPAS, PA-C\n\nThe chemicals used to cool appliances like air conditioners are known as\nrefrigerant. Refrigerant can be poisonous if you’re exposed to it for too...\n\nREAD MORE\n\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Settings\n * Advertising Policy\n * Health Topics\n\n * Medical Affairs\n * Content Integrity\n * Newsletters\n * © 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our website services, content, and products are for informational purposes only. Healthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See additional information.\n\n© 2005-2021 Healthline Media a Red Ventures Company. All rights reserved. Our\nwebsite services, content, and products are for informational purposes only.\nHealthline Media does not provide medical advice, diagnosis, or treatment. See\nadditional information.\n\nAboutCareersAdvertise with us\n\nOUR BRANDS\n\nHealthlineMedical News TodayGreatistPsych Central\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210813013135/https://moldpedia.com/mold-remediation",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Mold Remediation Process, Abatement, Clean up",
"passages": [
"However, if the mold in your home is not toxic and the area of mold growth is small (less than 10 square feet, or the equivalent of roughly a 3 by 3 foot patch) then you can perform the mold remediation yourself if you wish.",
"The mold remediation process is one of the times when mold spores are most likely to be disturbed into the air.",
"If you need to remove a large amount of mold then you may decide to seal off the room to prevent any mold spores from spreading to the rest of the house. To seal off the room you are about to clean use plastic sheets with duct tape to cover doorways, vents and any other openings.",
"You also need to minimize dust as mold spores often stick to dust and are then transported around your home by the dust particles.",
"You may also wish to use negative pressure in the room you are cleaning. To do this run an exhaust fan blowing out of a window, or partially opened door if you have to, to blow air outside of the house. This way mold spores that are stirred up during the removal process should mostly end up outside. Also make sure you turn off any air conditioning systems in the house before you begin cleaning up the mold.",
"During the mold removal is the time when mold spores are most likely to be stirred up into the air. To reduce this you should begin my moistening any dry mold growth as dry mold will allow many more spores to escape into the air when disturbed. Use a spray bottle of water to wet the dry mold slightly.",
"After this use a solution to remove the mold from the surface. Different solutions will work better for different surfaces.",
"Next use a mold killing solution to clean surfaces that had mold growth and even surfaces which were free of mold, because all of the surfaces in the room will have some amount of mold spores on them. These mold spores can grow into mold later if moisture accumulates in the room again so killing them will help prevent the mold coming back.",
"Non-porous materials (eg glass, metal, hard plastic) that once had mold on them can be used again after you have completely cleaned the visible mold from the surface. Because the materials are non-porous there will be no more mold below the surface so cleaning the surface mold will take care of the problem.",
"For porous materials (eg drywall, carpet, books) that have had mold growing on them you should decide whether they are salvageable on a case by case basis depending on how severe the mold growth is and how valuable the item is to you. If the item is not highly valuable to you and the mold growth is extensive so that the item is beyond repair then the best option is to dispose of it and replace it.",
"After you have removed the mold and disinfected the surfaces allow them to dry completely. Once everything is completely dry vacuum the room with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to remove any residual spores and mold. To find out more about vacuum cleaners and mold go to Vacuuming Mold.",
"After the clean up process remove mold and moldy items, as well as the contents of the HEPA vacuum cleaner, from your home in completely sealed plastic bags. If possible do not take the plastic bags through the house but pass them directly to the outside through a window in the room or a door.",
"You should clean each room one at a time, completely finishing the mold removal process before moving onto any other rooms with mold growth and re- sealing and repeating the process."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Mold Remediation Process, Abatement, Clean up\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\n\n# Mold Remediation\n\nWhen it comes to remediating mold it's always best to hire a professional mold\nremoval and remediation service.\n\nHowever, if the mold in your home is not toxic and the area of mold growth is\nsmall (less than 10 square feet, or the equivalent of roughly a 3 by 3 foot\npatch) then you can perform the mold remediation yourself if you wish.\n\n## Mold Remediation Overview\n\nThe main steps in mold remediation and abatement are:\n\n 1. Wear protective equipment\n 2. Contain mold spores\n 3. Set up negative pressure\n 4. Remove the mold\n 5. Prevent mold returning\n 6. Clean belongings\n 7. HEPA vacuum\n 8. Dispose of the mold\n\n## Protective Equipment for Mold Remediation\n\nA mold removal professional\n\nThe mold remediation process is one of the times when mold spores are most\nlikely to be disturbed into the air.\n\nThis is why you should wear protective clothing and equipment while performing\nmold remediation.\n\nProtective equipment for mold remediation includes:\n\n * Dust filter mask or respirator\n * Goggles\n * Gloves\n * Protective clothing that covers your whole body and can be easily cleaned or disposed of\n\nYou should decide how much protective equipment you need to use depending on\nhow severe the mold problem is.\n\n## Contain Mold Spores During Remediation\n\nIf you need to remove a large amount of mold then you may decide to seal off\nthe room to prevent any mold spores from spreading to the rest of the house.\nTo seal off the room you are about to clean use plastic sheets with duct tape\nto cover doorways, vents and any other openings.\n\nYou also need to minimize dust as mold spores often stick to dust and are then\ntransported around your home by the dust particles.\n\n## Negative Pressure While Removing Mold\n\nYou may also wish to use negative pressure in the room you are cleaning. To do\nthis run an exhaust fan blowing out of a window, or partially opened door if\nyou have to, to blow air outside of the house. This way mold spores that are\nstirred up during the removal process should mostly end up outside. Also make\nsure you turn off any air conditioning systems in the house before you begin\ncleaning up the mold.\n\n## Removing the Mold\n\nDuring the mold removal is the time when mold spores are most likely to be\nstirred up into the air. To reduce this you should begin my moistening any dry\nmold growth as dry mold will allow many more spores to escape into the air\nwhen disturbed. Use a spray bottle of water to wet the dry mold slightly.\n\nAfter this use a solution to remove the mold from the surface. Different\nsolutions will work better for different surfaces.\n\nThe Mold Removal page describes how to kill mold with several solutions such\nas:\n\n * Bleach\n * Borax\n * Vinegar\n * Ammonia\n\n## Prevent Mold Returning After Remediation\n\nNext use a mold killing solution to clean surfaces that had mold growth and\neven surfaces which were free of mold, because all of the surfaces in the room\nwill have some amount of mold spores on them. These mold spores can grow into\nmold later if moisture accumulates in the room again so killing them will help\nprevent the mold coming back.\n\n## Cleaning Moldy Belongings and Materials\n\nNon-porous materials (eg glass, metal, hard plastic) that once had mold on\nthem can be used again after you have completely cleaned the visible mold from\nthe surface. Because the materials are non-porous there will be no more mold\nbelow the surface so cleaning the surface mold will take care of the problem.\n\nFor porous materials (eg drywall, carpet, books) that have had mold growing on\nthem you should decide whether they are salvageable on a case by case basis\ndepending on how severe the mold growth is and how valuable the item is to\nyou. If the item is not highly valuable to you and the mold growth is\nextensive so that the item is beyond repair then the best option is to dispose\nof it and replace it.\n\n## HEPA Vacuuming\n\nAfter you have removed the mold and disinfected the surfaces allow them to dry\ncompletely. Once everything is completely dry vacuum the room with a HEPA\nfiltered vacuum cleaner to remove any residual spores and mold. To find out\nmore about vacuum cleaners and mold go to Vacuuming Mold.\n\n## Disposing of the Mold\n\nAfter the clean up process remove mold and moldy items, as well as the\ncontents of the HEPA vacuum cleaner, from your home in completely sealed\nplastic bags. If possible do not take the plastic bags through the house but\npass them directly to the outside through a window in the room or a door.\n\nYou should clean each room one at a time, completely finishing the mold\nremoval process before moving onto any other rooms with mold growth and re-\nsealing and repeating the process.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210927141745/https://moldpedia.com/mold-removal",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Mold Removal, How to Kill Mold with Bleach, Borax, Vinegar",
"passages": [
"There are several products you can use to kill and remove mold. Some of the most effective mold removal products include:",
"The How to Kill Mold on Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles and Grout page also provides instructions for removing mold from specific materials.",
"The Mold Remediation page gives a step by step guide to remediating large mold problems. It covers protective equipment, spore containment, killing the mold, preventing the mold's return, mold disposal and final clean up.",
"Bleach can kill virtually every species of indoor mold that it comes into contact with, along with its spores, leaving a surface sanitized and resistant to future mold growth.",
"Unfortunately, however, using bleach is only effective if the mold is growing on non-porous materials such as tiles, bathtubs, glass and countertops. Bleach cannot penetrate into porous materials and so it does not come into contact with mold growing beneath the surface of materials such as wood and drywall. Using bleach on these materials will kill the mold above the surface but the roots within the material will remain and the mold will soon return.",
"Bleach produces harsh fumes so make sure the area is well ventilated before you begin. You should also wear gloves during the process to protect your hands.",
"For killing mold with bleach use a ratio of one cup of bleach per gallon of water (ie about 1 part bleach to 10 parts water).",
"Apply the solution to non-porous surfaces with mold growth either by using a spray bottle or by using a bucket and a sponge or cloth.",
"You don't need to rinse the surface afterwards (unless it is used for food preparation or a surface which may be touched by small children or pets) as the bleach will inhibit mold growing in the future.",
"Although the active ingredient in bleach, sodium hypochlorite, is the main ingredient in many mold removal products, there are many reasons to use alternatives to chlorine bleach when killing mold.",
"One reason is that bleach cannot completely kill mold growing in porous materials. The chlorine in bleach cannot penetrate into porous surfaces such as drywall or wood. The chlorine is left on the surface of porous materials and only the water component of the bleach is absorbed into the material, providing more moisture for the mold to feed on.",
"Some of the mold on the surface might be killed but the roots of the mold are left intact meaning the mold soon returns, leaving you in a cycle of repeated bleaching. Perhaps this is why some people believe that spraying bleach on mold doesn't affect it but instead just bleaches its color so you can no longer see it.",
"Another disadvantage of bleach is that it can damage the materials it's used on as it is a harsh, corrosive chemical. Chlorine bleach also gives off harsh fumes and it even produces toxic gas when mixed with ammonia. There are safer alternatives such as borax or vinegar which don't produce dangerous fumes or leave behind toxic residue. For these reasons try to avoid using bleach and if you must use it, only use it on non-porous surfaces.",
"There are many advantages to using borax to kill mold. For starters, borax is a natural cleaning product and although it is toxic if you swallow it, borax does not emit chemicals or dangerous fumes like some other mold killers. Borax, a white mineral powder, has a pH level of about 9 (baking soda is pH 8.1 and pH 7 is neutral) and a low toxicity.",
"Borax is commonly used as a deodorizer as well as for cleaning toilets and drains. Borax is also used as an insecticide, herbicide and fungicide and it can be mixed with water in a solution to kill and remove mold as it is a natural mold inhibitor. You can buy borax in supermarkets for a few dollars from the laundry section.",
"To kill mold using borax, create a borax-water solution using a ratio of 1 cup of borax per gallon of water.",
"Vacuum up any loose mold with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to lessen the number of spores stirred up into the air during the cleaning process.",
"Wipe up any extra moisture and excess mold particles or dust/debris to prevent them spreading into the air once the surface has dried.",
"You don't need to rinse off the borax as the solution will prevent more mold beginning to grow on the surface again.",
"Vinegar is a mild acid which can kill 82% of mold species. However it also has the advantages of being natural and safe. Vinegar is non-toxic and doesn't give off dangerous fumes like bleach does.",
"Wipe clean the area with water and allow the surface to dry. Any smell from the vinegar should clear within a few hours.",
"If you want to use vinegar to prevent mold growing on surfaces just spray vinegar on the surface and leave it. Repeat this every few days to ensure the surface will stay mold-free. You can even mop your tiled bathroom floor or other hard non-porous floors with vinegar if you are worried about mold growing on them.",
"Like bleach, ammonia will kill mold on hard non-porous surfaces such as countertops, glass or tiles but it is ineffective at killing mold growing in porous material such as wood or drywall.",
"Another disadvantage of using ammonia is that it is a harsh, toxic chemical. Make sure you never mix ammonia with bleach because the gas they create when combined is toxic. Chlorine mixed with ammonia was even used as a chemical weapon during World War 2.",
"Additionally, although ammonia can kill surface mold, dead mold and dead mold spores are still allergenic so you will need to make sure to remove them afterwards.",
"To kill mold using ammonia, create a solution of 50% clear ammonia and 50% water in a spray bottle and spray it on moldy areas.",
"Often detergents or mold cleaning products will contain ammonia. In that case just follow the directions on the label and be sure never to mix it with bleach.",
"Hydrogen peroxide kills mold as it is anti-fungal as well as anti-viral and anti-bacterial. Hydrogen peroxide is a good alternative to chlorine bleach because it is safe to use and doesn't damage the environment, nor does it leave behind toxic residue or produce toxic fumes like chlorine bleach does. You can buy hydrogen peroxide from drug stores for around one dollar for a bottle of 3% concentration.",
"Hydrogen peroxide kills mold effectively on many materials such as clothes, floors, bathroom fixtures, walls and items such as kitchen appliances. Since hydrogen peroxide is a bleaching agent it may also help fade the stain mold leaves behind. Spot test hydrogen peroxide on the material you're going to be cleaning to make sure it won't fade the material's colors.",
"You can also use vinegar with hydrogen peroxide during the cleaning to more effectively remove the mold. Afterwards store the spray bottle in a dark place since light diminishes hydrogen peroxide's effectiveness.",
"A solution of detergent and warm water can be used to scrub surface mold off non-porous surfaces. Although detergent itself doesn't kill mold, if the mold is on non-porous materials then the solution doesn't need to kill it as long as you completely clean away all the mold on the surface.",
"Baking soda is well known as a natural and safe household cleaner. But you can also use baking soda to kill mold in your home. Unlike other mold killers which contain harsh chemicals, baking soda is mild (pH of 8.1) and harmless to your family and any pets.",
"Besides killing mold, baking soda also deodorizes and so using it can get rid of the smell mold leaves in your home. Baking soda also absorbs moisture to help keep mold away.",
"Vinegar is often used along with baking soda when cleaning up a mold problem since vinegar kills different species of mold to baking soda.",
"Spray the area with the spray bottle again and let the surface dry. This will kill any left over mold and prevent the mold returning.",
"Of all the natural mold killing solutions tea tree oil is the most effective. Although it is also expensive, a small amount of tea tree oil goes a long way in killing mold.",
"Tea tree oil is an essential oil which is harmless to people and pets. Tea tree oil is antifungal, capable of killing all types of molds. Tea tree oil is antibacterial as well.",
"You can buy tea tree oil for about $10 for a small bottle from most natural food stores. Make sure the tea tree oil you buy is derived from the Melaleuca Alternifolia, which is the technical name for tea tree, as not all brands always are.",
"To kill mold using tea tree oil add water to a spray bottle, keeping in mind how many cups it takes to fill the bottle.",
"Next add tea tree oil at the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water that went into the spray bottle.",
"There is no need to rinse since leaving the tea tree oil on the surface will kill the mold and prevent it from returning.",
"An alternative to using a spray bottle is to use a rag or cloth with the tea tree oil solution to clean away mold:",
"First create a solution of tea tree oil and water in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water.",
"Tea tree oil has a strong smell but it will go away after some time. You can keep and use the solution you have made for a long time afterwards as tea tree oil does not lose its potency quickly.",
"Grapefruit seed extract is similar to tea tree oil in that it is an expensive but very effective natural mold killer. The advantage of grapefruit seed extract over tea tree oil however is that it has almost no odor. Like tea tree oil you can buy grape fruit seed extract from most health food stores.",
"Grapefruit seed extract kills mold naturally as the citric acid from the grapefruit attacks mold. Grapefruit seed extract also disinfects areas and deodorizes as well. Like tea tree oil, a small amount of grapefruit seed extract goes a long way in killing mold.",
"To kill mold with grapefruit seed extract create a solution of grapefruit seed extract and water in a spray bottle in the ratio of 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract per cup of water.",
"Shake the spray bottle to mix the solution thoroughly and then spray it onto the surface where mold is growing.",
"You do not need to rinse the solution away afterwards although you can use a cloth to wipe away the mold and solution after some minutes if you like. The longer grapefruit seed extract is in contact with mold the more it will cut through and kill the mold colony and prevent mold from returning.",
"The grapefruit seed extract solution in the spray bottle will remain potent for a long time and can be reused again and again as grapefruit seed extract has a long shelf life."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Mold Removal, How to Kill Mold with Bleach, Borax, Vinegar\n\nMold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\nMold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\nMold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\nMold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\nMold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\nToxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\nMycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet Mold on Clothes\nVacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n# Mold Removal and How to Kill Mold\n\n## Mold Removal Products\n\nThere are several products you can use to kill and remove mold. Some of the\nmost effective mold removal products include:\n\n * Bleach\n * Borax\n * Vinegar\n * Ammonia\n * Hydrogen peroxide\n * Detergent\n * Baking soda\n * Tea tree oil\n * Grapefruit seed extract\n\nThe How to Kill Mold on Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles and Grout page also\nprovides instructions for removing mold from specific materials.\n\nThe Mold Remediation page gives a step by step guide to remediating large mold\nproblems. It covers protective equipment, spore containment, killing the mold,\npreventing the mold's return, mold disposal and final clean up.\n\n## Mold Removal with Bleach\n\nBleach can kill virtually every species of indoor mold that it comes into\ncontact with, along with its spores, leaving a surface sanitized and resistant\nto future mold growth.\n\nUnfortunately, however, using bleach is only effective if the mold is growing\non non-porous materials such as tiles, bathtubs, glass and countertops. Bleach\ncannot penetrate into porous materials and so it does not come into contact\nwith mold growing beneath the surface of materials such as wood and drywall.\nUsing bleach on these materials will kill the mold above the surface but the\nroots within the material will remain and the mold will soon return.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Bleach\n\nBleach produces harsh fumes so make sure the area is well ventilated before\nyou begin. You should also wear gloves during the process to protect your\nhands.\n\n 1. For killing mold with bleach use a ratio of one cup of bleach per gallon of water (ie about 1 part bleach to 10 parts water).\n\n 2. Apply the solution to non-porous surfaces with mold growth either by using a spray bottle or by using a bucket and a sponge or cloth.\n\n 3. You don't need to rinse the surface afterwards (unless it is used for food preparation or a surface which may be touched by small children or pets) as the bleach will inhibit mold growing in the future.\n\n## Does Bleach Kill Mold?\n\nAlthough the active ingredient in bleach, sodium hypochlorite, is the main\ningredient in many mold removal products, there are many reasons to use\nalternatives to chlorine bleach when killing mold.\n\nOne reason is that bleach cannot completely kill mold growing in porous\nmaterials. The chlorine in bleach cannot penetrate into porous surfaces such\nas drywall or wood. The chlorine is left on the surface of porous materials\nand only the water component of the bleach is absorbed into the material,\nproviding more moisture for the mold to feed on.\n\nSome of the mold on the surface might be killed but the roots of the mold are\nleft intact meaning the mold soon returns, leaving you in a cycle of repeated\nbleaching. Perhaps this is why some people believe that spraying bleach on\nmold doesn't affect it but instead just bleaches its color so you can no\nlonger see it.\n\nAnother disadvantage of bleach is that it can damage the materials it's used\non as it is a harsh, corrosive chemical. Chlorine bleach also gives off harsh\nfumes and it even produces toxic gas when mixed with ammonia. There are safer\nalternatives such as borax or vinegar which don't produce dangerous fumes or\nleave behind toxic residue. For these reasons try to avoid using bleach and if\nyou must use it, only use it on non-porous surfaces.\n\n## Mold Removal with Borax\n\nThere are many advantages to using borax to kill mold. For starters, borax is\na natural cleaning product and although it is toxic if you swallow it, borax\ndoes not emit chemicals or dangerous fumes like some other mold killers.\nBorax, a white mineral powder, has a pH level of about 9 (baking soda is pH\n8.1 and pH 7 is neutral) and a low toxicity.\n\nBorax is commonly used as a deodorizer as well as for cleaning toilets and\ndrains. Borax is also used as an insecticide, herbicide and fungicide and it\ncan be mixed with water in a solution to kill and remove mold as it is a\nnatural mold inhibitor. You can buy borax in supermarkets for a few dollars\nfrom the laundry section.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Borax\n\n 1. To kill mold using borax, create a borax-water solution using a ratio of 1 cup of borax per gallon of water.\n\n 2. Vacuum up any loose mold with a HEPA filtered vacuum cleaner to lessen the number of spores stirred up into the air during the cleaning process.\n\n 3. Use a scrubbing brush with the borax-water solution to scrub the mold off the surface.\n\n 4. Wipe up any extra moisture and excess mold particles or dust/debris to prevent them spreading into the air once the surface has dried.\n\n 5. You don't need to rinse off the borax as the solution will prevent more mold beginning to grow on the surface again.\n\n 6. Leave the surface to dry completely.\n\n## Mold Removal with Vinegar\n\nVinegar is a mild acid which can kill 82% of mold species. However it also has\nthe advantages of being natural and safe. Vinegar is non-toxic and doesn't\ngive off dangerous fumes like bleach does.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Vinegar\n\nTo kill mold with vinegar, use white distilled vinegar which you can buy\ncheaply from the supermarket.\n\n 1. Pour some vinegar into a spray bottle without watering it down.\n\n 2. Spray the vinegar onto the moldy surface and leave it to sit for an hour.\n\n 3. Wipe clean the area with water and allow the surface to dry. Any smell from the vinegar should clear within a few hours.\n\nIf you want to use vinegar to prevent mold growing on surfaces just spray\nvinegar on the surface and leave it. Repeat this every few days to ensure the\nsurface will stay mold-free. You can even mop your tiled bathroom floor or\nother hard non-porous floors with vinegar if you are worried about mold\ngrowing on them.\n\n## Mold Removal with Ammonia\n\nLike bleach, ammonia will kill mold on hard non-porous surfaces such as\ncountertops, glass or tiles but it is ineffective at killing mold growing in\nporous material such as wood or drywall.\n\nAnother disadvantage of using ammonia is that it is a harsh, toxic chemical.\nMake sure you never mix ammonia with bleach because the gas they create when\ncombined is toxic. Chlorine mixed with ammonia was even used as a chemical\nweapon during World War 2.\n\nAdditionally, although ammonia can kill surface mold, dead mold and dead mold\nspores are still allergenic so you will need to make sure to remove them\nafterwards.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Ammonia\n\n 1. To kill mold using ammonia, create a solution of 50% clear ammonia and 50% water in a spray bottle and spray it on moldy areas.\n\n 2. Make sure the ammonia you use says \"clear ammonia\" on the label.\n\n 3. Leave the area for a few hours before wiping and rinsing.\n\n 4. Often detergents or mold cleaning products will contain ammonia. In that case just follow the directions on the label and be sure never to mix it with bleach.\n\n## Mold Removal with Hydrogen Peroxide\n\nHydrogen peroxide kills mold as it is anti-fungal as well as anti-viral and\nanti-bacterial. Hydrogen peroxide is a good alternative to chlorine bleach\nbecause it is safe to use and doesn't damage the environment, nor does it\nleave behind toxic residue or produce toxic fumes like chlorine bleach does.\nYou can buy hydrogen peroxide from drug stores for around one dollar for a\nbottle of 3% concentration.\n\nHydrogen peroxide kills mold effectively on many materials such as clothes,\nfloors, bathroom fixtures, walls and items such as kitchen appliances. Since\nhydrogen peroxide is a bleaching agent it may also help fade the stain mold\nleaves behind. Spot test hydrogen peroxide on the material you're going to be\ncleaning to make sure it won't fade the material's colors.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Hydrogen Peroxide\n\n 1. To kill mold pour 3% concentration hydrogen peroxide into a spray bottle.\n\n 2. Spray the moldy surface completely so that the moldy areas are saturated with hydrogen peroxide.\n\n 3. Leave the surface to sit for 10 minutes while the hydrogen peroxide kills the mold.\n\n 4. Then scrub the area to make sure to remove all the mold and mold stains.\n\n 5. Finally wipe the surface down to remove residual mold and spores.\n\nYou can also use vinegar with hydrogen peroxide during the cleaning to more\neffectively remove the mold. Afterwards store the spray bottle in a dark place\nsince light diminishes hydrogen peroxide's effectiveness.\n\n## Mold Removal with Detergent and Water\n\nA solution of detergent and warm water can be used to scrub surface mold off\nnon-porous surfaces. Although detergent itself doesn't kill mold, if the mold\nis on non-porous materials then the solution doesn't need to kill it as long\nas you completely clean away all the mold on the surface.\n\n## Mold Removal with Baking Soda\n\nBaking soda is well known as a natural and safe household cleaner. But you can\nalso use baking soda to kill mold in your home. Unlike other mold killers\nwhich contain harsh chemicals, baking soda is mild (pH of 8.1) and harmless to\nyour family and any pets.\n\nBesides killing mold, baking soda also deodorizes and so using it can get rid\nof the smell mold leaves in your home. Baking soda also absorbs moisture to\nhelp keep mold away.\n\nVinegar is often used along with baking soda when cleaning up a mold problem\nsince vinegar kills different species of mold to baking soda.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Baking Soda\n\n 1. Add one quarter of a tablespoon of baking soda to a spray bottle of water.\n\n 2. Shake the bottle to dissolve the baking soda into the water.\n\n 3. Spray the moldy area with the baking soda and water solution.\n\n 4. Then use a sponge or scrubbing brush to make sure to remove all the mold from the surface.\n\n 5. Once you've scrubbed away the mold rinse the surface with water to remove any residual mold on the surface.\n\n 6. Spray the area with the spray bottle again and let the surface dry. This will kill any left over mold and prevent the mold returning.\n\nYou can use a cloth instead of a spray bottle to clean mold with baking soda:\n\n 1. Soak a cloth in water and then add one quarter of a tablespoon of baking soda to it.\n\n 2. Use the cloth on the moldy area to remove the mold with the baking soda and water solution.\n\n## Mold Removal with Tea Tree Oil\n\nOf all the natural mold killing solutions tea tree oil is the most effective.\nAlthough it is also expensive, a small amount of tea tree oil goes a long way\nin killing mold.\n\nTea tree oil is an essential oil which is harmless to people and pets. Tea\ntree oil is antifungal, capable of killing all types of molds. Tea tree oil is\nantibacterial as well.\n\nYou can buy tea tree oil for about $10 for a small bottle from most natural\nfood stores. Make sure the tea tree oil you buy is derived from the Melaleuca\nAlternifolia, which is the technical name for tea tree, as not all brands\nalways are.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Tea Tree Oil\n\n 1. To kill mold using tea tree oil add water to a spray bottle, keeping in mind how many cups it takes to fill the bottle.\n\n 2. Next add tea tree oil at the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water that went into the spray bottle.\n\n 3. Spray the solution on the moldy surface.\n\n 4. There is no need to rinse since leaving the tea tree oil on the surface will kill the mold and prevent it from returning.\n\nAn alternative to using a spray bottle is to use a rag or cloth with the tea\ntree oil solution to clean away mold:\n\n 1. First create a solution of tea tree oil and water in the ratio of 1 teaspoon per cup of water.\n\n 2. Use a cloth to apply the solution to the moldy surface and scrub the mold away.\n\n 3. Again, you do not need to rinse the surface afterwards.\n\nTea tree oil has a strong smell but it will go away after some time. You can\nkeep and use the solution you have made for a long time afterwards as tea tree\noil does not lose its potency quickly.\n\n## Mold Removal with Grapefruit Seed Extract\n\nGrapefruit seed extract is similar to tea tree oil in that it is an expensive\nbut very effective natural mold killer. The advantage of grapefruit seed\nextract over tea tree oil however is that it has almost no odor. Like tea tree\noil you can buy grape fruit seed extract from most health food stores.\n\nGrapefruit seed extract kills mold naturally as the citric acid from the\ngrapefruit attacks mold. Grapefruit seed extract also disinfects areas and\ndeodorizes as well. Like tea tree oil, a small amount of grapefruit seed\nextract goes a long way in killing mold.\n\n## How to Kill Mold with Grapefruit Seed Extract\n\n 1. To kill mold with grapefruit seed extract create a solution of grapefruit seed extract and water in a spray bottle in the ratio of 10 drops of grapefruit seed extract per cup of water.\n\n 2. Shake the spray bottle to mix the solution thoroughly and then spray it onto the surface where mold is growing.\n\n 3. You do not need to rinse the solution away afterwards although you can use a cloth to wipe away the mold and solution after some minutes if you like. The longer grapefruit seed extract is in contact with mold the more it will cut through and kill the mold colony and prevent mold from returning.\n\n 4. Repeat if needed to more thoroughly remove mold from the surface.\n\nThe grapefruit seed extract solution in the spray bottle will remain potent\nfor a long time and can be reused again and again as grapefruit seed extract\nhas a long shelf life.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210812092925/https://moldpedia.com/mold-in-house-signs",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Signs of Mold in House",
"passages": [
"If you are having a problem with allergies then there's a good chance there could be mold growing somewhere in your home. Common allergic reactions to mold include sneezing, sore eyes and a runny nose or nasal congestion.",
"Do you notice your allergic reactions are worse when you're at home but you feel better when you go out? If so then it's especially likely you could have mold. If you find that your allergies are worse in some other building, like your workplace, then there could be mold growing there instead.",
"For a list of the symptoms of mold allergy as well as testing and treatment, see Mold Symptoms in Humans.",
"When you have mold growing hidden away in your house, often a moldy smell might be the only clue that it's there. Don't ignore mold odors if you can't see any mold. You should thoroughly inspect your home before any mold problems get worse.",
"Visible mold growth might seem like an obvious sign of mold. However many people don't notice small amounts of mold growth or they think it's just soot or dirt. Sometimes people simply ignore visible mold in their house.",
"If you can see mold growth, even if it's only small, you should take action immediately. Small mold patches can spread and the fact that there is any mold shows that the conditions in your home are right for mold to grow. You can find a guide to removing mold at Mold Removal.",
"If you don't take care of mold it will soon become a bigger problem. Visible mold growth could also be a sign that there is a much larger mold colony growing hidden away from view.",
"Sometimes you might not realize there is mold in your house, especially if it is unusual looking mold. Some mold growth looks white and thread-like. Other mold appears as clusters of small black spots. Mold can be black, gray-brown, gray-green or white in color. Mold growing behind wallpaper made of vinyl can even appear orange, pink or purple.",
"If you have had any long term moisture problems in your house it's usually inevitable they will lead to mold beginning to grow. So if you know you've had some water problems in your home then it's a pretty good sign you could have mold.",
"Some signs that you have a moisture problem include water stains or discoloration on walls, floors or ceilings in your house. Seeing these could be a clue that there is mold growing within or behind the material.",
"Another sign of a moisture problem is surface abnormalities like peeling, bubbling or cracking of the paint or wallpaper. If your walls are bowed, bulging or warped it probably means moisture has gotten into them. Another clue is if the surface of walls or other materials feel damp.",
"The above signs of water problems in homes are usually created by leaks. However if you already know that you have had a water leak (such as leaking pipes or a leaking ceiling) then just that knowledge by itself, even if you don't see signs of water damage, is a good sign that you might have mold growing in your house around the area where the leak was.",
"Mold growth from leaks can often be hidden. If the leak was behind a wall or other surface then any mold will probably be hidden behind the surface too. Even if the leak was not behind a surface there could still be mold hidden out of view behind a wall or other surface from water which seeped through.",
"Where Mold Grows describes how to find mold in your home and lists places mold often grows, including hidden mold.",
"If your house has been flooded in the past then it's likely that mold would've started to grow. Any mold would probably be growing in places where flood water remained the longest such as in the basement. Floods can often create mold growing out of view behind walls or under floors.",
"If you see a lot of condensation in your home then it's a sign that you have a high amount of moisture and hence a sign that you could have a mold problem. Condensation will occur on surfaces such as glass windows or metal pipes. Mold could be growing where the condensation builds up and collects. Rusting indoor pipes are a sign that you could have a lot of condensation in your house.",
"Besides the fact that condensation creates a build up of moisture for mold to grow on, condensation can also be a sign that you have a humidity problem in your home. A high humidity level can feed mold and it is another sign that you might have a potential mold problem.",
"If you suffer neurological symptoms such as headaches, trouble concentrating, shortened attention span, memory loss and dizziness it could be a sign that there is toxic mold growing somewhere in your house which is poisoning you.",
"Mycotoxins from toxic molds such as Stachybotrys chartarum can have a mental effect on people much more severe than the allergic symptoms caused by other non-toxic molds.",
"Like with allergies, if toxic symptoms increase when you are in your home or in a certain building then it's very likely that mold is growing there."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Signs of Mold in House\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms Mold & Hair Loss\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold\n\n### Mold in Rooms\n\nMold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus\n\n### Mycotoxins\n\nMycotoxins Aflatoxin Mycotoxins Trichothecene Mycotoxins\n\n### Mold\n\nWhat is Mold Mold Symptoms\n\n### Mold Removal\n\nMold Removal Mold Remediation Guide Drywall, Wood, Carpet, Tiles Mold on\nClothes Vacuum Mold\n\n### Mold Detection\n\nSigns of Mold Mold Inspection Mold Testing\n\n### Mold in House\n\nCauses of Mold How to Prevent Mold Where Mold Grows Mold & Flooding Air\nPurifier for Mold Mold in Bathroom Mold in Kitchen Mold in Basement\n\n### Toxic Mold\n\nBlack Mold (Stachybotrys) Black Mold Symptoms Black Mold Spores Black Mold\nRemoval Aspergillus Mycotoxins\n\n# Signs of Mold in House\n\nBelow are some common signs to watch out for that could indicate you have mold\ngrowing in your house.\n\n## Allergic Symptoms from Mold\n\nIf you are having a problem with allergies then there's a good chance there\ncould be mold growing somewhere in your home. Common allergic reactions to\nmold include sneezing, sore eyes and a runny nose or nasal congestion.\n\nDo you notice your allergic reactions are worse when you're at home but you\nfeel better when you go out? If so then it's especially likely you could have\nmold. If you find that your allergies are worse in some other building, like\nyour workplace, then there could be mold growing there instead.\n\nFor a list of the symptoms of mold allergy as well as testing and treatment,\nsee Mold Symptoms in Humans.\n\n## Smelling a Mold Odor\n\nWhen you have mold growing hidden away in your house, often a moldy smell\nmight be the only clue that it's there. Don't ignore mold odors if you can't\nsee any mold. You should thoroughly inspect your home before any mold problems\nget worse.\n\nYou can find out how to inspect your house for mold at Mold Inspection.\n\n## Seeing Signs of Mold Growth\n\nVisible mold growth might seem like an obvious sign of mold. However many\npeople don't notice small amounts of mold growth or they think it's just soot\nor dirt. Sometimes people simply ignore visible mold in their house.\n\nIf you can see mold growth, even if it's only small, you should take action\nimmediately. Small mold patches can spread and the fact that there is any mold\nshows that the conditions in your home are right for mold to grow. You can\nfind a guide to removing mold at Mold Removal.\n\nIf you don't take care of mold it will soon become a bigger problem. Visible\nmold growth could also be a sign that there is a much larger mold colony\ngrowing hidden away from view.\n\nSometimes you might not realize there is mold in your house, especially if it\nis unusual looking mold. Some mold growth looks white and thread-like. Other\nmold appears as clusters of small black spots. Mold can be black, gray-brown,\ngray-green or white in color. Mold growing behind wallpaper made of vinyl can\neven appear orange, pink or purple.\n\n## Signs of Water Problems\n\nIf you have had any long term moisture problems in your house it's usually\ninevitable they will lead to mold beginning to grow. So if you know you've had\nsome water problems in your home then it's a pretty good sign you could have\nmold.\n\nSome signs that you have a moisture problem include water stains or\ndiscoloration on walls, floors or ceilings in your house. Seeing these could\nbe a clue that there is mold growing within or behind the material.\n\nAnother sign of a moisture problem is surface abnormalities like peeling,\nbubbling or cracking of the paint or wallpaper. If your walls are bowed,\nbulging or warped it probably means moisture has gotten into them. Another\nclue is if the surface of walls or other materials feel damp.\n\n## Water Leaks\n\nMold from a leaking sink\n\nThe above signs of water problems in homes are usually created by leaks.\nHowever if you already know that you have had a water leak (such as leaking\npipes or a leaking ceiling) then just that knowledge by itself, even if you\ndon't see signs of water damage, is a good sign that you might have mold\ngrowing in your house around the area where the leak was.\n\nMold growth from leaks can often be hidden. If the leak was behind a wall or\nother surface then any mold will probably be hidden behind the surface too.\nEven if the leak was not behind a surface there could still be mold hidden out\nof view behind a wall or other surface from water which seeped through.\n\nWhere Mold Grows describes how to find mold in your home and lists places mold\noften grows, including hidden mold.\n\n## Past Flooding\n\nIf your house has been flooded in the past then it's likely that mold would've\nstarted to grow. Any mold would probably be growing in places where flood\nwater remained the longest such as in the basement. Floods can often create\nmold growing out of view behind walls or under floors.\n\nFor more information see Mold and Flooding.\n\n## Condensation\n\nIf you see a lot of condensation in your home then it's a sign that you have a\nhigh amount of moisture and hence a sign that you could have a mold problem.\nCondensation will occur on surfaces such as glass windows or metal pipes. Mold\ncould be growing where the condensation builds up and collects. Rusting indoor\npipes are a sign that you could have a lot of condensation in your house.\n\nBesides the fact that condensation creates a build up of moisture for mold to\ngrow on, condensation can also be a sign that you have a humidity problem in\nyour home. A high humidity level can feed mold and it is another sign that you\nmight have a potential mold problem.\n\nMold Causes talks about condensation and the other main causes of mold in\nhouses.\n\n## Toxic Symptoms from Mold\n\nIf you suffer neurological symptoms such as headaches, trouble concentrating,\nshortened attention span, memory loss and dizziness it could be a sign that\nthere is toxic mold growing somewhere in your house which is poisoning you.\n\nMycotoxins from toxic molds such as Stachybotrys chartarum can have a mental\neffect on people much more severe than the allergic symptoms caused by other\nnon-toxic molds.\n\nLike with allergies, if toxic symptoms increase when you are in your home or\nin a certain building then it's very likely that mold is growing there.\n\nFor more about the symptoms caused by toxic mold visit Black Mold Symptoms.\n\n© 2021 Moldpedia.com\n\nBack to Top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160329124600/http://www.doityourself.com/stry/does-basement-waterproof-paint-prevent-mildew",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in Basements",
"passages": [
"Using basement paint to waterproof the walls is effective at eliminating the risk of mildew. Basements are usually very dark and musty. Because of those conditions, they can be a great place for mildew and mold to grow. By using waterproof paint, you will help prevent moisture from seeping through the walls. When moisture cannot penetrate the walls, mildew will not be able to grow, even if it is still dark in the basement.",
"DoItYourself.com®, founded in 1995, is the leading independent home improvement and repair website. We welcome your comments and suggestions. All information is provided \"AS IS.\" Website operating problems contact webmaster@doityourself.com. Questions of a Do It Yourself nature should be submitted to our \"DoItYourself.com Community Forums\". Copyright© 1995-2016 DoItYourself.com Inc. All rights reserved. You may freely link to this site, and use it for non-commercial use subject to our terms of use. View our Privacy Policy here."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in Basements\n| DoItYourself.com\n\nSkip to Navigation\n\nSkip to Content\n\n#### Login to DoItYourself\n\n * How-Tos\n * Your Projects Your Projects\n * Forums\n\nHi 0 | Logout Login Sign Up\n\n * Home /\n * Interior Home Improvement /\n * Basements /\n * Basement Waterproofing\n\n# Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in\nBasements\n\n##### Quick Advice on Using Waterproof Paint to Prevent Mold and Mildew in\nBasements\n\nEditor's Picks\n\n* 6 Most Common Mistakes of Tiling and How to Avoid Them\n* Refresh Your Hardwood Floors\n* Troubleshooting Hard-to-Open Windows\n* How to Start a Bonsai Garden from Scratch\n* Ditch These 6 Disposable Items\n\nUsing basement paint to waterproof the walls is effective at eliminating the\nrisk of mildew. Basements are usually very dark and musty. Because of those\nconditions, they can be a great place for mildew and mold to grow. By using\nwaterproof paint, you will help prevent moisture from seeping through the\nwalls. When moisture cannot penetrate the walls, mildew will not be able to\ngrow, even if it is still dark in the basement.\n\nCreate a Paneled Wall With Molding\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n5 Advantages of Exterior Basement Waterproofing\n\nHow to Prevent Water Damage With Basement Waterproof Paint\n\nBasement Waterproofing: Waterproof Paint vs Epoxy\n\n5 Tips for Using Mildew-resistant Paint\n\n### Related Ads\n\ncomments powered by Disqus\n\n### Get DIY Tips by Email\n\n## Newsletter Subscription Confirmation\n\nSubscribing...\n\nFollow @DoItYourselfcom\n\n### Related Ads\n\n * advertise\n * shop\n * find a contractor\n * about us\n * careers\n * terms of use\n * privacy policy\n * cookie policy\n * site map\n\n * facebook\n * twitter\n * twitter\n * YouTube\n\nDoItYourself.com®, founded in 1995, is the leading independent home\nimprovement and repair website. We welcome your comments and suggestions. All\ninformation is provided \"AS IS.\" Website operating problems contact\nwebmaster@doityourself.com. Questions of a Do It Yourself nature should be\nsubmitted to our \"DoItYourself.com Community Forums\". Copyright© 1995-2016\nDoItYourself.com Inc. All rights reserved. You may freely link to this site,\nand use it for non-commercial use subject to our terms of use. View our\nPrivacy Policy here.\n\nBack to top\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211030081643/https://www.chemicalsafetyfacts.org/ammonia/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Ammonia Uses and Benefits",
"passages": [
"Use the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to the products you use every day.",
"Use the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to the products you use every day.",
"Ammonia, a colorless gas with a distinct odor, is a building-block chemical and a key component in the manufacture of many products people use every day. It occurs naturally throughout the environment in the air, soil and water and in plants and animals, including humans. The human body makes ammonia when the body breaks down foods containing protein into amino acids and ammonia, then converting the ammonia into urea.",
"Ammonia is a basic building block for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which releases nitrogen, an essential nutrient for growing plants, including farm crops and lawns. About 90 percent of ammonia produced worldwide is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. The production of food crops naturally depletes soil nutrient supplies. In order to maintain healthy crops, farmers rely on fertilizer to keep their soils productive. Fertilizers also can also help increase levels of essential nutrients like zinc, selenium and boron in food crops.",
"Ammonium hydroxide – commonly known as household ammonia – is an ingredient in many household cleaning products used to clean a variety of surfaces including tubs, sinks, toilets, countertops and tiles. Ammonia also is effective at breaking down household grime or stains from animal fats or vegetable oils, such as cooking grease and wine stains. Because ammonia evaporates quickly, it is commonly used in glass cleaning solutions to help avoid streaking.",
"When used as a refrigerant gas and in air-conditioning equipment, ammonia can absorb substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings.",
"Ammonia can be used to purify water supplies and as a building block in the manufacture of many products including plastics, explosives, fabrics, pesticides and dyes.",
"Ammonia also is used in the waste and wastewater treatment, cold storage, rubber, pulp and paper and food and beverage industries as a stabilizer, neutralizer and a source of nitrogen. It also is used in the manufacture of pharmaceuticals.",
"When using cleaning products containing ammonia, follow all instructions on the product label, make sure the area is well ventilated (open windows and doors) and wear proper clothing and eye protection. Ammonia exposure can irritate skin, eyes and lungs. Do not mix ammonia with chlorine bleach, as this produces toxic gases called chloramines. Exposure to chloramine gases can cause coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, irritation to the throat, nose and eyes or pneumonia and fluid in the lungs.",
"Swallowing a cleaning product that contains ammonia can burn the mouth, throat, and stomach and cause severe abdominal pain. If a cleaning product containing ammonia is accidentally ingested, read the product label for safety instructions, or call the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222, and be sure to have the label from the cleaning product in hand.",
"Medical tests can detect ammonia in blood or urine. But because ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, people are regularly exposed to low levels of ammonia in air, soil and water, so these test results are not considered effective biomarkers of exposure. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry (ATSDR) states that “no health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical environmental concentrations of ammonia.",
"About 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other important uses; for example in household cleaning products and in manufacturing other products.",
"Ammonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and in nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human health, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic processes.",
"Ammonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air, and water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle that already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process, ammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not bioaccumulate.",
"Ammonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or cat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia. Cheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of the cheese aging process.",
"Ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low levels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or if they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an enclosed building that contains lots of animals.",
"No health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of ammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in air may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns.",
"About 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other important uses; for example in household cleaning products and in manufacturing other products.",
"Ammonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed of nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and in nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human health, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic processes.",
"Ammonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air, and water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle that already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process, ammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not bioaccumulate.",
"Ammonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or cat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia. Cheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of the cheese aging process.",
"Ammonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low levels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or if they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible to be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an enclosed building that contains lots of animals.",
"No health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of ammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in air may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause coughing and burns."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Ammonia Uses and Benefits | Chemical Safety Facts\n\n# Get chemical safety information on the products you use every day\n\nToggle navigation\n\nUse the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to\nthe products you use every day.\n\n## FIND A CHEMICAL\n\nUse the search box to find information on the chemicals that are essential to\nthe products you use every day.\n\nHome\n\nAmmonia\n\nAmmonium hydroxide\n\nAmmonia\n\n# Ammonia\n\nAmmonia, a colorless gas with a distinct odor, is a building-block chemical\nand a key component in the manufacture of many products people use every day.\nIt occurs naturally throughout the environment in the air, soil and water and\nin plants and animals, including humans. The human body makes ammonia when the\nbody breaks down foods containing protein into amino acids and ammonia, then\nconverting the ammonia into urea.\n\nMost Viewed Latest Content\n\n### Chlorine Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ammonia\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Sodium Hydroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Titanium Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Olefins\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Chemistry, Students and Sports – A Winning Combination\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethylene Oxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Back-to-School Safety Tips During COVID-19\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Organic Peroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\nPrint this Page\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\n## Uses & Benefits\n\n### Ammonia in Fertilizer\n\nAmmonia is a basic building block for ammonium nitrate fertilizer, which\nreleases nitrogen, an essential nutrient for growing plants, including farm\ncrops and lawns. About 90 percent of ammonia produced worldwide is used in\nfertilizer, to help sustain food production for billions of people around the\nworld. The production of food crops naturally depletes soil nutrient supplies.\nIn order to maintain healthy crops, farmers rely on fertilizer to keep their\nsoils productive. Fertilizers also can also help increase levels of essential\nnutrients like zinc, selenium and boron in food crops.\n\n### Ammonia in Household Cleaning Products\n\nAmmonium hydroxide – commonly known as household ammonia – is an ingredient in\nmany household cleaning products used to clean a variety of surfaces including\ntubs, sinks, toilets, countertops and tiles. Ammonia also is effective at\nbreaking down household grime or stains from animal fats or vegetable oils,\nsuch as cooking grease and wine stains. Because ammonia evaporates quickly, it\nis commonly used in glass cleaning solutions to help avoid streaking.\n\n### Ammonia in Industrial/Manufacturing Uses\n\nWhen used as a refrigerant gas and in air-conditioning equipment, ammonia can\nabsorb substantial amounts of heat from its surroundings.\n\nAmmonia can be used to purify water supplies and as a building block in the\nmanufacture of many products including plastics, explosives, fabrics,\npesticides and dyes.\n\nAmmonia also is used in the waste and wastewater treatment, cold storage,\nrubber, pulp and paper and food and beverage industries as a stabilizer,\nneutralizer and a source of nitrogen. It also is used in the manufacture of\npharmaceuticals.\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Safety Information\n\nWhen using cleaning products containing ammonia, follow all instructions on\nthe product label, make sure the area is well ventilated (open windows and\ndoors) and wear proper clothing and eye protection. Ammonia exposure can\nirritate skin, eyes and lungs. Do not mix ammonia with chlorine bleach, as\nthis produces toxic gases called chloramines. Exposure to chloramine gases can\ncause coughing, shortness of breath, chest pain, nausea, irritation to the\nthroat, nose and eyes or pneumonia and fluid in the lungs.\n\nSwallowing a cleaning product that contains ammonia can burn the mouth,\nthroat, and stomach and cause severe abdominal pain. If a cleaning product\ncontaining ammonia is accidentally ingested, read the product label for safety\ninstructions, or call the National Poison Control Center at 1-800-222-1222,\nand be sure to have the label from the cleaning product in hand.\n\nMedical tests can detect ammonia in blood or urine. But because ammonia occurs\nnaturally in the environment, people are regularly exposed to low levels of\nammonia in air, soil and water, so these test results are not considered\neffective biomarkers of exposure. The Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease\nRegistry (ATSDR) states that “no health effects have been found in humans\nexposed to typical environmental concentrations of ammonia.\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\nBack to Top\n\n## Answering Questions\n\n### What is ammonia used for?\n\nAbout 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain\nfood production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other\nimportant uses; for example in household cleaning products and in\nmanufacturing other products.\n\n### What is ammonia?\n\nAmmonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed\nof nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and\nin nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human\nhealth, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic\nprocesses.\n\n### What happens to ammonia in the environment?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air,\nand water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle\nthat already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process,\nammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not\nbioaccumulate.\n\n### What does ammonia smell like?\n\nAmmonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or\ncat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia.\nCheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of\nthe cheese aging process.\n\n### How might I be exposed to ammonia?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low\nlevels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to\nhigher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or\nif they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible\nto be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an\nenclosed building that contains lots of animals.\n\n### How can ammonia exposure affect my health?\n\nNo health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of\nammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in\nair may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause\ncoughing and burns.\n\n#### What is ammonia used for?\n\nAbout 90 percent of ammonia produced is used in fertilizer, to help sustain\nfood production for billions of people around the world. Ammonia has other\nimportant uses; for example in household cleaning products and in\nmanufacturing other products.\n\n#### What is ammonia?\n\nAmmonia, also known as NH_3, is a colorless gas with a distinct odor composed\nof nitrogen and hydrogen atoms. It is produced naturally in the human body and\nin nature—in water, soil and air, even in tiny bacteria molecules. In human\nhealth, ammonia and the ammonium ion are vital components of metabolic\nprocesses.\n\n#### What happens to ammonia in the environment?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally and is found throughout the environment in soil, air,\nand water. Ammonia also is renewed naturally as part of the nitrogen cycle\nthat already occurs as plants fertilize. As a result of this natural process,\nammonia does not last long in the environment, and it also does not\nbioaccumulate.\n\n#### What does ammonia smell like?\n\nAmmonia has a very distinct, pungent odor, described as similar to sweat or\ncat urine. Strong, briny cheeses like brie can also smell like ammonia.\nCheeses even have small amounts of ammonia in them, as a natural by-product of\nthe cheese aging process.\n\n#### How might I be exposed to ammonia?\n\nAmmonia occurs naturally in the environment, so everyone is exposed to low\nlevels at one point or another. It is possible for a person to be exposed to\nhigher levels of ammonia when using cleaning products containing ammonia, or\nif they live on or near farms where fertilizers are used. It’s also possible\nto be exposed to higher levels of ammonia if a person spends time in an\nenclosed building that contains lots of animals.\n\n#### How can ammonia exposure affect my health?\n\nNo health effects have been found in humans exposed to typical amounts of\nammonia that exist in the environment. Exposure to high levels of ammonia in\nair may be irritating to a person’s skin, eyes, throat, and lungs and cause\ncoughing and burns.\n\n * Uses & Benefits\n * Safety Information\n * Answering Questions\n\nBack to Top\n\n * U.S. Food and Drug Administration\n * Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry\n * American Cleaning Institute\n * The Fertilizer Institute\n * TRANSCAER\n\n### Relevant Articles\n\nChemical Ingredients 101: How to Read a Product Label Read more: Chemical\nIngredients 101: How to Read a Product Label\n\nUnderstanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals Read more:\nUnderstanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\nDebunking the Myths: Are there really 84,000 chemicals? Read more: Debunking\nthe Myths: Are there really 84,000 chemicals?\n\nTweets by AmChemistry\n\nMost Viewed Latest Content\n\n### Chlorine Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethanol (Ethyl Alcohol)\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ammonia\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Sodium Hydroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Titanium Dioxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Olefins\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Chemistry, Students and Sports – A Winning Combination\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Ethylene Oxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Back-to-School Safety Tips During COVID-19\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n### Organic Peroxide\n\nRead more: Understanding Risk and Hazard When it Comes to Chemicals\n\n * Disclaimer\n * Terms\n * Privacy Policy\n\n© 2021 ChemicalSafetyFacts.org\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161229192254/http://www.familyhandyman.com:80/bathroom/exhaust-fan/better-insulation-will-prevent-water-stains-around-bath-fans/view-all",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans",
"passages": [
"Water stains or mold near a bathroom vent are usually due to an insulation problem, allowing moist, warm air to meet cold air in an uninsulated duct. Better insulation will generally solve the problem.",
"Water stains on the ceiling around your bath fan may indicate a leak coming from the vent cap on your roof, but condensation is the more likely culprit. If bath fan ducting isn’t properly insulated, the moist air from your house will condense inside the duct.",
"The first step is to head to the attic. You may find that the insulation simply needs to be refastened. If you see that your duct isn’t insulated at all, pick up duct insulation at the home center. Use zip ties or aluminum tape to fasten the insulation.",
"If your ducts are properly insulated, another potential cause of condensation is lack of use. Bath fans have a damper designed to keep the outside air from entering in through the fan, but that valve doesn’t stop warm air from escaping. Whether you use your bath fan or not, some warm air will still escape into the ducting. On very cold days, that warm air is likely to condense inside the ducting, especially if the fan is never run to dry it out. Guest baths are particularly prone to this problem.",
"The bottom line: Before you climb on the roof to look for leaks, make sure your bath fan duct is insulated, and run the fan more often and for longer periods. Switches with built-in timers are available."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans | The Family\nHandyman\n\n### Select Username\n\n### Modal title\n\n##### Don't have an account yet?\n\nSign up today for FREE and become part of The Family Handyman community of\nDIYers.\n\nMember benefits:\n\n * Get a FREE Traditional Bookcase Project Plan\n * Sign up for FREE DIY newsletters\n\nJoin us\n\n * Newsletters\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY Tip Genius App\n * Free Product Info\n * Promotions\n * Login\n * Join us\n * Hello ScreenName\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n\n * Subscribe Now »\n * Give a Gift »\n * Digital Edition »\n * Customer Care »\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\nMagazine\n\nGive a gift\n\nShop\n\n * How To & Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\nBack\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * Automotive\n\nBack\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * Small Engine Repair\n * Tires\n * Utility Trailer\n * Carpentry\n\nBack\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\nBack\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * Drywall\n\nBack\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\nBack\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Outdoor Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * Heating & Cooling\n\nBack\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Masonry\n\nBack\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Painting\n\nBack\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\nBack\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tiling\n\nBack\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Tools\n\nBack\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\nBack\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * Ceiling\n * Doors\n\nBack\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Floors\n\nBack\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Roof\n\nBack\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\nBack\n\n * Window Repair\n * Rooms\n\nBack\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\nBack\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\nBack\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Laundry\n * Workshop\n\nBack\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\nBack\n\n * Decks\n\nBack\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\nBack\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\nBack\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Furniture\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\nBack\n\n * DIY Advice\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * Energy Saving Tips\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Ways to Save Money\n * Subscribe\n\nBack\n\n * Shop DIY Books\n * DIY University\n * Free Product Info\n * Newsletters\n * Promotions\n * Tip App\n * * Join Us\n * Log In\n * Hello\n\n * My Account\n * Log Out\n * Get DIY tips in your inbox\n\n * Follow Us\n\nFixing a toilet Electrical Organizing Cleaning Plumbing Automotive\n\n 1. Home\n 2. Rooms\n 3. Bathroom\n 4. Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans\n\n# Better Insulation Will Prevent Water Stains Around Bath Fans\n\nCondensation may be the problem\n\nPrint\n\nShare:\n\n * Article\n * Tools & Materials\n * Next Project ›\n\nWater stains or mold near a bathroom vent are usually due to an insulation\nproblem, allowing moist, warm air to meet cold air in an uninsulated duct.\nBetter insulation will generally solve the problem.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\n * Finding the problem\n\n#### Similar Projects\n\n * How to Repair a Bathroom Fan\n\n * How to Install a Bathroom Fan\n\n * Use an In-Line Fan to Vent Two Bathrooms\n\n * Fix a Noisy Bathroom Fan\n\n * How to Install an Exhaust Fan\n\n * Article\n\n## Finding the problem\n\n### The cause of condensation\n\nMoist indoor air condenses inside a cold, uninsulated duct and water runs down\ninto the fan.\n\nWater stains on the ceiling around your bath fan may indicate a leak coming\nfrom the vent cap on your roof, but condensation is the more likely culprit.\nIf bath fan ducting isn’t properly insulated, the moist air from your house\nwill condense inside the duct.\n\nThe first step is to head to the attic. You may find that the insulation\nsimply needs to be refastened. If you see that your duct isn’t insulated at\nall, pick up duct insulation at the home center. Use zip ties or aluminum tape\nto fasten the insulation.\n\nIf your ducts are properly insulated, another potential cause of condensation\nis lack of use. Bath fans have a damper designed to keep the outside air from\nentering in through the fan, but that valve doesn’t stop warm air from\nescaping. Whether you use your bath fan or not, some warm air will still\nescape into the ducting. On very cold days, that warm air is likely to\ncondense inside the ducting, especially if the fan is never run to dry it out.\nGuest baths are particularly prone to this problem.\n\nThe bottom line: Before you climb on the roof to look for leaks, make sure\nyour bath fan duct is insulated, and run the fan more often and for longer\nperiods. Switches with built-in timers are available.\n\nBack to Top\n\n * Tools & Materials\n\n#### Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Dust mask\n * Flashlight\n\nYou'll also need gloves\n\n#### Required Materials for this Project\n\nAvoid last-minute shopping trips by having all your materials ready ahead of\ntime. Here's a list.\n\n * Duct insulation\n\n# Popular How-To Videos\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### Follow Us\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\nAdvertise with us ADVERTISEMENT\n\n### We Recommend\n\n### 20 Secret Hiding Places\n\n### Save Money With Home Energy Audit\n\n### Install Cabinets Like a Pro!\n\n### How to Unclog a Drain\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * About Us\n * Rooms\n * Skills\n * Parts of the House\n * Outdoors\n * Magazine\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n### FOLLOW US\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise With Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n * Reader's Digest\n * Taste of Home Recipes\n\n© 2016 HOME SERVICE PUBLICATIONS, INC.\n\n"
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2,267,377 | How To Clean up Dog Urine | To clean up dog urine on hardwood floors, start by putting on gloves and setting down paper towels to absorb the urine. Once most of the urine has been soaked up, place the paper towels in a plastic bag and tie the bag before throwing it in the garbage. Spray the area with an enzyme cleaner, and get a damp cloth. Use the cloth to wipe down the area thoroughly before placing it in the laundry. Let the area air dry completely before you or your dog walk over it! | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170504173515/http://www.dettol.co.uk:80/healthy-homes/pets/pet-specific-cleaning-issues/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201206013526/https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191119014738/http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514011753/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161107010058/http://www.momadvice.com:80/money/line_drying_clothing",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518174908/https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-Urine-Odors-on-Floors.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210518072427/https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210411130412/https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/"
] | train | 2,375 | [
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"title": "Cleaning tips for pet owners",
"passages": [
"This site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site without disabling them, you consent to our use of cookies. To learn more about the types of cookies we use, please view our cookie policy",
"If you own a pet, you probably consider them a valued member of the family. So you won’t be surprised to learn that according to medical research, pet owners are more likely to have lower stress levels, increased overall health and an improved quality of life compared to those who don’t have a furry companion*.",
"But our pets love nothing better than running about outside, chewing and playing with nearly anything that moves, picking up bacteria and other germs as they go...",
"So that’s why it’s important to take a few extra steps to help ensure they don’t inadvertently spread these germs in your home.",
"Equally, you want to take measures to ensure the cleaning products you are using in your home are safe to use around pets.",
"Pets carry bacteria and other germs on their paws, fur and in their mouths. Sometimes these microbes can be harmful to us, even though your pet may not show any symptoms.",
"Some of the germs that pets carry, like salmonella and staphylococcus can cause infections in humans. Although it is very rare to pick up these infections from your pet, practicing good hygiene can still help to protect the whole family by reducing the risk.",
"Keep claws trimmed to reduce the risk of scratches – dogs and cats paws and nails can pick up dirt and inadvertently transfer it to you or your children, causing an infection.",
"Keep an up-to-date record of their vaccinations at home or with their veterinarian so you know when they are due.",
"Check your pet regularly for signs of ill health. If you think something is wrong, Seek advice from your vet.",
"Do not use antiseptic cream designed for humans on pet’s wounds (as they will often lick/ingest creams). Speak to your vet if a pet’s wounds needs treating.",
"Help protect your family by following these simple hygiene practices and you, your family and your pets can life safely and healthily together.",
"Give your pets their own feeding bowl and pet-food serving utensils, which are stored and cleaned separately from other household dishes.",
"Regularly clean and disinfect your pet’s feeding bowl and utensils with pet-friendly products. Rinse items thoroughly with clean hot water and dry before re-use.",
"Use pet-safe products to clean and disinfect the floor area where your pets eat their food. Quite often, they can spill water, saliva or food particles that can quickly become contaminated with bacteria – especially on a warm day.",
"Although it can be tempting, avoid letting your pet share your plate or lick your face as germs can be transferred.",
"Its important not to allow pets to climb on surfaces where food is prepared or served, as they can spread germs from their paws or fur. The inquisitive nature of cats means they just can’t resist exploring all the nooks and crannies of your home. Even ‘off-limit’ areas like kitchen counters are sometimes frequented when no one is looking...",
"To be safe, make sure you spray or wipe counter tops and food areas with an antibacterial product before preparing and serving food.",
"• Entryways/floors frequented by pets coming in from outdoors and litter box areas should be given special attention • Muddy paws can trap in bacteria and other germs. Keep a spare towel at the door to wipe dogs feet if you can • Clean and disinfect floors regularly in busy pet entry-ways and near litter boxes. • Station litter boxes away from where inquisitive toddlers can reach them.",
"Use un-fragranced/low fragranced detergents and skip the highly scented fabric softeners or dryer sheets - your pet’s nose can be quite sensitive to fragrance",
"Never use bleach when a pet soils your carpet or floors - the ammonia in the urine will react with bleach and give off harmful fumes.",
"When cleaning floors, try to prevent pets from walking across them until they are dry, since pets groom their paws and fur with their tongues.",
"Avoid cleaning pet cages and fish tanks in your kitchen sink. Clean them outside if you can, using a bucket of fresh soapy water, or a pet-friendly detergent.",
"Pregnant women should avoid cleaning cat litter trays, as a harmful parasite in cat’s faeces can cause toxoplasmosis. If there is no alternative, wear rubber gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. If you have an outdoor cat, avoid gardening without gloves.",
"Whilst your pet may be a member of your family, take these top tips to reduce your family or friends allergic reactions to your pets.",
"You’ve been washing your hands all your life – but have you been doing it correctly? Good hand washing technique is critical to make sure you are protecting yourself and others from the spread of harmful germs. Find out how you should be washing your hands with our simple guide.",
"Want to find out about allergies, allergy symptoms and more facts about common allergies that can affect us all? Read all about allergies here with Dettol.",
"©2014 Reckitt Benckiser. All rights reserved. DETTOL and DETTOL logo are trade marks of the Reckitt Benckiser Group of Companies. Dettol Antiseptic Wash, Dettol Liquid and Dettol Antiseptic Cream are medicines. Always read the label. UK/CC/0914/0187"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cleaning tips for pet owners\n\n## Cookies\n\nThis site uses cookies. By continuing to browse the site without disabling\nthem, you consent to our use of cookies. To learn more about the types of\ncookies we use, please view our cookie policy\n\nOK\n\nOpen Search Close Search\n\nLysol\n\n# Pets and Hygiene\n\n## Essential cleaning tips for pet owners\n\nShare This Page. -\n\nIf you own a pet, you probably consider them a valued member of the family. So\nyou won’t be surprised to learn that according to medical research, pet owners\nare more likely to have lower stress levels, increased overall health and an\nimproved quality of life compared to those who don’t have a furry companion*.\n\nBut our pets love nothing better than running about outside, chewing and\nplaying with nearly anything that moves, picking up bacteria and other germs\nas they go...\n\nSo that’s why it’s important to take a few extra steps to help ensure they\ndon’t inadvertently spread these germs in your home.\n\nEqually, you want to take measures to ensure the cleaning products you are\nusing in your home are safe to use around pets.\n\nWhy do pet owners need to take extra care?\n\nPets carry bacteria and other germs on their paws, fur and in their mouths.\nSometimes these microbes can be harmful to us, even though your pet may not\nshow any symptoms.\n\nCan I catch a disease from my pet?\n\nSome of the germs that pets carry, like salmonella and staphylococcus can\ncause infections in humans. Although it is very rare to pick up these\ninfections from your pet, practicing good hygiene can still help to protect\nthe whole family by reducing the risk.\n\nReducing the risk of infection\n\n * Cats and dogs should be treated for fleas and ticks regularly, as well as intestinal worms and parasites.\n * Keep claws trimmed to reduce the risk of scratches – dogs and cats paws and nails can pick up dirt and inadvertently transfer it to you or your children, causing an infection.\n\nProtecting your Pet\n\n * The most important step in protecting your beloved pet is to make sure they stay healthy\n * Pets should be vaccinated regularly to protect them from preventable diseases.\n * Keep an up-to-date record of their vaccinations at home or with their veterinarian so you know when they are due.\n * Cats and dogs should be treated for fleas and ticks regularly, as well as intestinal worms and parasites.\n * Check your pet regularly for signs of ill health. If you think something is wrong, Seek advice from your vet.\n * Do not give pets human medicine or pain killers. Seek veterinary advice\n * Do not use antiseptic cream designed for humans on pet’s wounds (as they will often lick/ingest creams). Speak to your vet if a pet’s wounds needs treating.\n\nHealthy home with Pets:\n\nHelp protect your family by following these simple hygiene practices and you,\nyour family and your pets can life safely and healthily together.\n\nHealthy Hands:\n\n * Wash your hands after petting or playing with pets, their toys, leads or leashes, cages, blankets, bedding, etc.\n * Wash hands before preparing or serving food.\n * Encourage children to wash their hands before eating, especially if they have been in contact with pets.\n\nFeeding Tips:\n\n * Give your pets their own feeding bowl and pet-food serving utensils, which are stored and cleaned separately from other household dishes.\n * If possible, position your pet’s feeding station away from the kitchen to reduce the risk of spreading germs.\n * Regularly clean and disinfect your pet’s feeding bowl and utensils with pet-friendly products. Rinse items thoroughly with clean hot water and dry before re-use.\n * Use pet-safe products to clean and disinfect the floor area where your pets eat their food. Quite often, they can spill water, saliva or food particles that can quickly become contaminated with bacteria – especially on a warm day.\n * Remember, pets have sensitive noses and paws, so avoid highly fragranced products that can cause irritation.\n * Although it can be tempting, avoid letting your pet share your plate or lick your face as germs can be transferred.\n\nPets on kitchen surfaces:\n\n * Its important not to allow pets to climb on surfaces where food is prepared or served, as they can spread germs from their paws or fur. The inquisitive nature of cats means they just can’t resist exploring all the nooks and crannies of your home. Even ‘off-limit’ areas like kitchen counters are sometimes frequented when no one is looking...\n * To be safe, make sure you spray or wipe counter tops and food areas with an antibacterial product before preparing and serving food.\n\nHealthy Floors:\n\n * • Entryways/floors frequented by pets coming in from outdoors and litter box areas should be given special attention • Muddy paws can trap in bacteria and other germs. Keep a spare towel at the door to wipe dogs feet if you can • Clean and disinfect floors regularly in busy pet entry-ways and near litter boxes. • Station litter boxes away from where inquisitive toddlers can reach them.\n\nHealthy Bedding:\n\n * When buying pet beds, look for those with removable covers and wash pet bedding regularly\n * Use a laundry sanitizer to help eliminate germs and allergens while removing fur, odours and bacteria.\n * Use un-fragranced/low fragranced detergents and skip the highly scented fabric softeners or dryer sheets - your pet’s nose can be quite sensitive to fragrance\n * If your pets sleep on you or your kid’s bed, make sure you wash and sanitise bed linens regularly\n\nSafe Cleaning Tips:\n\n * Never use bleach when a pet soils your carpet or floors - the ammonia in the urine will react with bleach and give off harmful fumes.\n * Avoid using any ammonia-based products, as the ammonia smell may encourage your pet to ‘mark’ the area.\n * Avoid harsh chemicals when cleaning areas pets frequent, and/or rinse well with warm water.\n * When cleaning floors, try to prevent pets from walking across them until they are dry, since pets groom their paws and fur with their tongues.\n * If your puppy is prone to drinking from the toilet, avoid in-the-bowl toilet cleaners, or keep the lid closed\n * Keep cleaning products safely stored in cupboards with caps screwed on tightly, to avoid accidental ingestion.\n * Avoid cleaning pet cages and fish tanks in your kitchen sink. Clean them outside if you can, using a bucket of fresh soapy water, or a pet-friendly detergent.\n * Pregnant women should avoid cleaning cat litter trays, as a harmful parasite in cat’s faeces can cause toxoplasmosis. If there is no alternative, wear rubber gloves and wash your hands thoroughly afterwards. If you have an outdoor cat, avoid gardening without gloves.\n\n## Related Products\n\n### Dettol Antibacterial Original Liquid Hand wash\n\n### Dettol Antibacterial Cleansing Surface Wipes\n\n### Dettol Antibacterial Surface Cleanser\n\nShare This Page. -\n\n### Also in this section:\n\n * Pet Allergies\n * Preparing Dog for Baby with the Help of Cleaning Products\n * Your Pets & Your Child: Cleaning Tips for Baby Safety\n\n### Pet allergies\n\nWhilst your pet may be a member of your family, take these top tips to reduce\nyour family or friends allergic reactions to your pets.\n\n### How to wash hands\n\nYou’ve been washing your hands all your life – but have you been doing it\ncorrectly? Good hand washing technique is critical to make sure you are\nprotecting yourself and others from the spread of harmful germs. Find out how\nyou should be washing your hands with our simple guide.\n\n### Allergies\n\nWant to find out about allergies, allergy symptoms and more facts about common\nallergies that can affect us all? Read all about allergies here with Dettol.\n\nTop of Page\n\n#### Explore Dettol^®\n\n * Our Products\n * Our Mission\n * Your Home\n * Your Family\n * Illness & Prevention\n\n#### Connect With Us\n\nLysol\n\n©2014 Reckitt Benckiser. All rights reserved. DETTOL and DETTOL logo are trade\nmarks of the Reckitt Benckiser Group of Companies. Dettol Antiseptic Wash,\nDettol Liquid and Dettol Antiseptic Cream are medicines. Always read the\nlabel. UK/CC/0914/0187\n\n * Sitemap\n * Terms & Conditions\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201206013526/https://bitzngiggles.com/how-to-remove-pet-smells-from-blankets/",
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"title": "How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets",
"passages": [
"Follow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on Instagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!",
"Aww. . .our furry family members. What would we do without these cuties? In return for their unconditional love we tend to their every need, we baby them, we talk to them in high pitched voices (because we think they like it) and we let them get away with some things even our children aren’t allowed to do. Are you with me? I’m guilty as charged.",
"Meet Belle. Belle came into our family this last February and she just turned 9 months old at the beginning of July. She’s an English Cream Golden Retriever. . . and a complete firecracker. We love her to pieces.",
"There were certain things I didn’t want her doing that our last golden retriever was famous for. From the beginning, we taught Belle that she was not allowed to:",
"We’re also crate training her, so to make her feel at home (since she’s not allowed on our bed), we have an oversize crate that she sleeps in at night (we’ve upgraded since a few months ago) and bought Belle, her very own monkey blanket. She likes monkeys? Well, we think so. She likes the blanket, so that means she must like monkeys, too, right? Right.",
"So, she takes this blanket everywhere. She sleeps with it at night, she takes it on car rides, and once and awhile, she likes to drag it outside into the front yard with her, too. For those of you who have a pup (or a kitty for that matter) that loves to cuddle up with blankets (even those that are not their own) you’re going to start nodding your head after this next statement. . .after some time, the blankets tend to get. . .well, STINKY. Truth.",
"For those of you who may allow your pets up on your bed (we did for our last dog), you may have the same problem with your comforter or duvet. Because let’s face it, when animals are laying on something soft like a blanket or a comforter, they’re in their happy place.",
"They’re thinking, “Whew, it’s been a day. Thank goodness for this nice, soft, comfy spot to relax. I think I’ll lay right here and clean myself up real good – lick all the dirt out of my fur and paws. This blanket doesn’t taste half bad either, you know? I think I’ll just chew on it awhile – hmmm. . . maybe just hold it here in my mouth. Hey, there’s a piece of one of my favorite treats stuck to the corner over here. Wow, what a good day – WHAT a good day!”",
"All I know is what goes through mine when I picked up the blanket and got a whiff of that wonderful doggy odor.",
"Let’s set the story straight before we get too far along. Belle is really a very clean dog. Belle, herself, does not smell “doggy.” The only time she really smells like a dog is when she’s wet. And all dogs smell like a dog when they’re wet, right? If I’m wrong on this one, let me know, but from my experience, this is the gosh darn truth.",
"Why am I so caught up about cleanliness? She’s a dog! Yes, she is, but one of my pet peeves (“pet” peeve, get it?) is petting (that may be the most times I’ve said “pet” in a sentence ever) a dog and ending up with a smelly hand. Ick. It just turns me off and I purposely avoid the dog. Which is really sad, because I’m completely and utterly in love with pups.",
"I do what I can to make sure Belle never turns anyone’s hand ripe. I use Dry Dog Shampoo on her about once a week and give her a deeper cleaning if she ever gets in a real dirty situation.",
"Ummm. . .like that one. Yep, that was a good day (for her). Boy did she have fun (this happens a lot).",
"Even though I’m pretty meticulous about keeping Belle clean – over time, even the cleanest pets can muster up enough stink to make you turn up your nose. That’s what happened with Belle’s monkey blanket. I held it up to my nose one day and couldn’t believe what I was smelling. I immediately took it to the laundry room and threw it in the washer – then the dryer – with a couple extra dryer sheets.",
"When it was dry, I held it up to my nose again. I sniffed even harder and deeper this time. I was so excited to take in that freshly-washed blanket smell. . .but wait, hold on. Something was wrong. I suddenly became disgusted AGAIN. The smell was STILL there! WHAT?!!",
"Why does this happen? It doesn’t happen with our clothes. What is it about pet smells that just seem to linger? I remember our good friends leaving one of their dogs blankets up at our lake cabin after a nice long holiday weekend. Wow did it stink. Like, fill a room up. . .stink. We put it in a garbage bag, tied it up tight and delivered it as soon as we were able. You know what they ended up doing with it? They threw it out. It was that bad.",
"So, remembering that incident, and now finding myself in a similar situation, I was on a mission to rid Belle’s monkey blanket of that stubborn doggy smell. Normal laundry detergent and softener just wasn’t cutting it.",
"I experimented with a few different things before I found the miracle combination – yep, I found it. I finally figured out how to remove pet smells from blankets!",
"If you’re facing the same stinky dilemma that I was, you best stick around. . . because if you try this, the results are going to blow your mind.",
"Do a warm water wash and add your detergent to the washer like normal. Throw in the blanket or comforter.",
"Fill the softener dispenser with 1/2 cup vinegar. If your washer doesn’t have a dispenser add the vinegar during the last rinse cycle.",
"When the washer stopped, I went to smell my blanket again. This time, there was no doggy smell! None. Zilch. Nada. I ran to tell Josh right away with the blanket in hand. I stuck it right up to his nose yelling, “Smell this!” He initially resisted because he knew what it smelled like before, but when I explained to him I truly did get the smell out this time, he took a big whiff and was as amazed as I was.",
"You’re running to gather the ingredients already, aren’t you? Well, you should be! I hope this method works as well for you as it did for us. I am completely amazed, and can’t stop sharing my discovery with my friends!",
"They’ll be talking to me about a movie they just saw and I’ll just reply with, “Do you have any stinky blankets you need cleaned? Like real stinky? Cause’ I know how to get the smell out!” I’ve become a bit “obsessed.” LOL While I wouldn’t recommend you ask crazy questions like this of your friends, my friends have come to completely understand (they’ve known me awhile) my madness.",
"So, what are you waiting for? Start filling that washer, grab those smelly blankets and bedding and REMOVE THAT DOGGY STINK!!",
"Notes: I’ve used the hydrogen peroxide each time I’ve done this and I’ve never had a problem with it discoloring her blanket. The peroxide/washing soda combination basically acts like an oxygen bleach – similar to Oxy Clean that you would buy from the store. I do want to mention, however, that I DID use Oxy Clean in one of my earlier attempts to remove the smells and it was unsuccessful.",
"Spend some time over at their fantastic blog and don’t forget to check them out on social media: Facebook | Twitter | Google + | Pinterest",
"Ok first your dog is Gorgeous!!! Such a sweetie! I have 2 schnauzers and they are my babies! They do tend to get a little stinky sometimes too. This is a great tip! Thanks for sharing!",
"This is great! I have a Golden Retriever (we think he is mixed with Collie so lots of hair!) and he LOVES the water! The only downside is the smell afterwards... Thank you for the tips since my daughter always puts a blanket on him... Haha. The colour of your dog is beautiful!",
"Your doggy is so adorable, Sara! All of that fluffy, white fur is just beautiful on her. 🙂 And I CANNOT WAIT to try this out! We have an English Bulldog who snuggles on anything she can find; pillows, blankets, stuffed animals, whatever! And she can get pretty stinky. This sounds like the solution I’ve been needing!",
"Belle is so adorable! Animals really do bring so much joy to families but cleaning up after them can be a hassle. Love the tips here! Perfect for so many applications!",
"I was wondering if this could work in a top loader? I don’t think my dispenser will hold 3/4 cup of cleaner, plus they would mix right away before ever getting near the clothes. Does it matter if the washing soda and vinegar sit together for a bit? Thanks!",
"Jennifer, my machine is a top loader as well. If you’re concerned about the vinegar mixing right away, just add it during the rinse cycle rather than putting it in the cup for the softener.",
"tried it, and it came out fresh smelling. the last two comforters had to be thrown away. Thank you for sharing",
"Hi. I have a front loader. Can u tell me where to add the peroxide? Vinegar? Baking soda? Do I just throw these directly into the drum?",
"The peroxide should be added to the detergent dispenser and the WASHING SODA (not baking soda) could be added to the drum. The vinegar should go into the softener dispenser. Good luck!",
"So the regular detergent we use is added to the same place the peroxide goes? So it gets mixed? I initially got it wrong and put the washing soda in the drum, peroxide where detergent goes and vinegar to the fabric softener. It came out ok. Took the sour part of the dog smell out but not all of it. Basically good not great. but I never used detergent. Also are your measurements for a large load? Thanks for any input.",
"I have a top loader, so I put the detergent and peroxide into the drum with the blanket and I put the vinegar in my softener dispenser. When I wash her blanket I normally don’t wash anything else with it, so it’s a pretty small load. If you’re washing a larger load, try doubling the peroxide and vinegar. Good luck and let me know how it turns out!",
"Such a great discovery! I will put the dog blankets for washing straightaway! I also have dogs and I know what kind of mess makers there fluffy and adorable doggies are so I am armed with a steam cleaner, Eureka Brushroll vacuum and a doggie bathroom. We spend a lot of time out with the dogs and sometimes after it rains they are very dirty and if you let them in the house like this it could be a disaster! Thanks for the helpful post! 🙂",
"I get so excited when I hear that someone is going to try this at home. I promise you it works! You’re going to be so impressed!",
"I have a furry baby the same breed except black. I come home from work -I am a nurse and crawl into bed only to get up and find the frebreze. I’ m ready to retire and getting recipes to make my own cleaning products. I am taking everything off the bed and into the washer.God bless . will be following you.",
"Thanks Sara for this tip, I knew that baking soda is good to remove pet smells from blankets, but it is better when I use with hydrogen peroxide and vinegar",
"You are so welcome! Yes, the peroxide really is the magic ingredient I think! Some people have also had luck just washing with baking soda, but I think the hydrogen peroxide is a must!",
"Where do you find the washing soda? We have 3 fur babies.....2 Yorkies and a English Springer Spaniel (he’s 9 months old). I really need to do this!!!!! ??",
"Hi Debbie! You have your hands full with those fur babies! 🙂 You can find washing soda in the same aisle as laundry detergent. In our local Walmart it is usually by some of the stain fighting products like Oxiclean, etc.",
"Did this today with my dogs bed and blanket. It certainly worked and I will be washing his stuff this way from now on!!",
"I hate having blankets that smell like dog. Don’t get me wrong, I love my dog, but she does not smell very good. So, thanks for the tips on getting the smell out. I have never heard of washing soda before, but I will have to try it out.",
"I’m very excited to try this tonight! I had two questions, but the first question about where to put everything in a front loader was already asked and answered! Thank you!",
"I have two catahoula leopards (yes, they are dogs!). Both are about 75 pounds and big babies! Aros is 7 and Barbie is 9.5. Barbie has very sensitive skin to chemicals such as Febreze, so I try to keep her stuff as natural as possible which is why I’m excited for your post.",
"I can’t wait to hear how your blankets turned out, Jenna. In winter I do throw the blankets in the dryer – in summer, I’ll hang them outside on the side of our deck or a clothesline.",
"My Olde English Bulldog is very allergic to Febreeze. My vet said most dogs have an allergic reaction to it.",
"I have 2 Black and Tan Coonhounds and a Bloodhound. They get a good funk going as a pack, but mostly our Bloodhound is the big stinker! I made custom beds out of washable heavy upholstery and couldn’t get the smell out when I washed. I used 1/2 cup Borax, 1/2 cup Oxi Clean, 1/2 cup vodka, 1/4 cup peroxide (in my front loader detergent compartments) and then 1/2 cup vinegar in rinse (fabric softer compartment). Amazing results! Completely smell free when it came out! I freshen up with 1/2 water, 1/2 vodka and a few drops of tea tree oil on beds, chairs, couches, and carpets. Thank you for the wonderful advice.",
"OMG....thank you so much for this recipe!!! I have two fur babies that like to take over all my blankets and even though they get regular baths they STINK up all my blankets ??. I have washed two loads already and am now washing my towels in the same stuff. Everything smells so fresh!! Now off to bath the fur babies so they smell just as clean!!",
"I’m so glad it worked so well for you! Glad your blankets, towels and fur babies are now all squeaky clean!",
"I Dont care to read a novel first, about your dog and then eventually read about the remedy to remove the smells from blankets twenty chapters later.",
"Thanks for stopping by. I’m sorry you didn’t enjoy reading about our dog, Belle. We’re pretty fond of her around here and she’s part of our family. . .and this site. I hope the recipe works for you and I appreciate you leaving a comment.",
"Is there a formula using washing soda for something that can’t go in the washer? Say...a stinky outdoor rug that can be hosed down? Thanks for your tips!",
"You could try hand washing/scrubbing the rug with the same ingredients. Amounts don’t need to be perfect. Just the combination should do the job. Good luck!",
"I have several dogs, never thought I’d find something that would take that doggie smell away. Thanks for your pin. I tried it and it works. I’m know using it all the time for other smells I want knocked out of my laundry.",
"I can’t wait to try this! I have 3 fur babies and don’t have an odor problem with the 2 bigger dogs bedding it’s the mini pin chihuahua mix blankets that really smell. I can pre soak & wash multiple times with vinegar, odoBan & detergent, they come out smelling really clean, the problem is when I go to change out her bedding all the clean blankets smell again. I even have to keep her blankets in the garage because they made the closet smell so bad. So my question is does this recipe last longer than just out of the wash?",
"Penny, I can’t wait to hear if this worked for you and what you think. To make things last longer, maybe you could try applying dry shampoo on your pups between baths. It may keep their bedding smelling nicer for longer, too!",
"So itll work on any kind of a pee in general? Could I just wash it in warm water with detergent and softener, or will there still me a smell or a stain? My blanket is light purple on the inside and purple floral flowers on the front.",
"I used this today in my front loader on some stinky dog smell blankets and it worked well, no smell at all. I put the peroxide in with the detergent, the vinegar in the fabric softener dispenser and the washing soda in the drum. Very happy, thank you!",
"Thank you!! Bought an old couch for the playroom and some of the cushion covers had a dog smell. I’d washed them several times and my bionic nose could still smell it but this actually made them smell sweet!!",
"This method worked WONDERS for me! Thank you so much! My throw blankets and couch covers always smell faintly dog like even after a wash and I hate offering them to guests but I just tried this method and the smell is ENTIRELY gone! I did a large load of blankets and just doubled the vinegar and peroxide and it worked perfectly. From a fellow pup lover/smell hater, thank you! Next step is to try the dry shampoo!",
"OMG! It totally worked! I had a group of dog blankets that smelled like...ummmm, frankly, butt! I have had them cleaned many times and they’ve always returned with a foul smell. I tried your recipe and nothing. No butt, no foul! I am so happy...next, the dog bed....thank you for the wonderful suggestion!",
"I’m so glad it worked for you, Mari! Isn’t it freeing to know you finally discovered a solution to remove the stink?! LOL",
"Hi there any tips on where to find washing soda? All my local stores only carry there baking soda... anything else that would work that might be easier to find?",
"Do you have a Walmart close by or are you in the states that you can order online? https://www.walmart.com/ip/Arm-Hammer-Super-Washing-Soda- Booster-55-Oz/19407690",
"This sounds like a real odor cure. I do have one question, though. Are the proportions you listed for a small, medium or large load? I have 2 queen size fleece blankets that my granddaughter’s dog plopped on while they were in the laundry basket waiting their turn for the dryer. My washer has a huge tub and both will fit at the same time.",
"I think you should be able to keep the recipe as is and see how the blankets turn out. If you still sense an odor, you can try to strengthen the amount of ingredients used.",
"This worked like a dream! My granddaughter’s 2 fleece blankets that her huge dog mistakenly cuddled up in were near being trashed, because after 3 attempts with expensive odor removers just failed miserably. I doubled the recipe because the blankets were each queen size, and used less detergent, as the blankets had just been through washings. What a surprise when removing them from the washer! Absolutely no odor. The same result after drying. Thank you, thank you, thank you.",
"sounds great when you have a blanket, we have 2 Dobermans laying on the outside furniture , what about pillowcases that dont come off the pillow can you make a mixture in a bowl ? or spray it on the pillows ? thanks pieter",
"Mix all ingredients together in a spray bottle and then spray the pillows. Let me know if this fixes your problem! Good luck!",
"This totally worked! Thank you so much, Rosie’s Bear blanket used to be my daughters “lovey” and is 21 years old.",
"Would this combination of items work in a he washer? And, if so, do you add the arm and hammer and perioxide right into the tub or into the detergent cup? Thanks",
"Thanks so much!! I have a poodle and they aren’t supposed to have a smell but he stinks so bad when he goes even just 1 1/2 weeks without a bath and his blanket and kennel reek of him!",
"I just put mine in the dryer. Air drying would also be an option if you have a place to hang the blanket up.",
"Thank you for mentioning that blankets that have been soiled by pet odors could be washed by combining hydrogen peroxide with washing soda. Mom would surely love it that the mixture doesn’t stain and wouldn’t at all harm the soft, furry blanket that the twins use for their pet playtime. This is for simple pet odor and stains though that the cleaners could do themselves. For tougher stains, I’d suggest that Mom consider getting professional pet odor removal.",
"This mixture is absolutely AMAZING!!! I washed 2 large 1 medium and 2 small blankets all in one load using the exact measurments and no dog smell on any of them!!",
"I am so glad it worked for you, Sara! It really is pretty incredible. Once you use it, you’re a believer! 🙂",
"It totally worked! Thank you for posting. I was ready to throw out all my fur baby blankets(6 total) she had gotten sick on them, and could not get the smell out, this was wash attempt number 4, and was finally a success. I’m sharing this with every dog owner I know.",
"thanks for the tip on how to get rid of that dog smell on blankets... I’m going to try it with Mavericks (dog) jacket. my question is...... The hydrogen peroxide comes a few different ways I’ve seen 3%...6%. unsure which bottle to buy?looking forward to hearing from you, so i can go and wash some somethings Thanks for your time Debbie",
"We have a black/blue & white bully type dog with adorable crooked ears rescued from death row at a high kill shelter in S. Calif – after flying out there I drove him back to our Midwest home saving his life & he bringing joy to ours. Our effort to help get to “save them all” & not ignore nor contribute to the problem. No restrictions, we keep human sitting surfaces & beds covered with dog blankets. The artificial fibers get to smelling funky over time of normal use, after regurgitation of grass balls, licking paws n such. One thing had worked but the same strong odor retuned in a few days. Cannot wait to try this and hope it knocks out the funk longer. Appreciate you sharing your solution.",
"Please check back with your results please! Would love to know your thoughts and whether or not the solution worked for you!",
"THIS WORKED – I AM DELIGHTED!!! It’s been about a month since I used this technique and still no funky odor has returned. Thank you for sharing! I have passed it along to my BFFs – one has a rescued German Shepherd kept in a kennel her whole life used for breeding then dumped at a shelter after she was too old to breed (she had never walked on carpet nor up/down stairs before) and the other two have rescued hunting breed dogs that had been kept in outdoor kennels (which are almost no better than shelters) then dumped by their owners for reasons like they didn’t win hunting titles. For all of our dogs, their new homes are thousands times better than with their former breeders/owners. We all have this same smelly blanket problem because all our dogs are indoors living with their family/pack and get blankets to snuggle in! I am delighted to finally have found a solution to keep them smelling fresh.",
"And I am DELIGHTED to hear that it worked for you and your friends. Thank you for everything you do for all the pups out there needing help!",
"Hi I have read through all the comments so far, but no one has asked the question regarding the hydrogen peroxide used in the recipe, what % is the hydrogen peroxide. Here in the UK it is sold in either 3%, 6%, or 9% solutions. I have tried to source solutions above 9% ie 100% & 35% but you need a license to buy chemicals that strong. Would be grateful of a quick answer as the smell is getting bad now. Many Thanks.",
"Hi Jackie, I believe what I used was 3%. Good luck and let me know how the recipe works for you!",
"I am so so grateful for this! I have two small dogs and they sleep with me at night. I sleep with two soft blankets in addition to my regular bed spread. My dogs cuddle with me and the blankets at night which resulted in the blankets ending up really smelly. I was really frustrated after washing them several times because they are my personal blankets and I didn’t want to have to throw them out! I was so excited to try this and I’m so glad it worked! Truly a life-saver! Thank you! (ps I know this thread/post is old, but I thought I’d share my thanks anyways!)",
"Emma, recipes like this one never get old because THEY WORK! So glad it worked for you and I really appreciate you taking the time to comment.",
"This is great, thank you! Do you have any suggestions for getting all the dog hair out of the blankets at the same time? I pull them out of the washer and they are still covered in hair! Makes me crazy!",
"So, this may sound crazy but I have a Dyson vacuum and I have my husband and kids hold the corners of the blanket tight while I vacuum it on the lowest setting (both sides). It actually gets quite a bit of the hair out. It’s a bit more difficult if you have short-haired dogs, but it’s worth giving it a try. I would do the vacuuming before throwing the blanket in the washer.",
"I know this post is a few years old, but I stumbled across this when I was googling “how get pee smell out of blankets”. We have a new puppy and his crate blanket stinks! I was waiting for my special “dog pee” specific cleaner to arrive in the mail so I thought I’d give yours a shot. It worked incredibly! (And the first wash too!)",
"I have an HE washer. I put the washing soda and peroxide in the drum and the vinger in my softener spot. Then detergent in the normal spot. (I’ve mixed detergent with the peroxide in the detergent slot and that works too) I couldn’t believe how well it worked. Literally no stink!",
"A week later, I got the other cleaner in the mail. I tried it and the blanket was still stinky after wash! I followed up with your recipe and it came out perfect! I will always use this!",
"(I tried it on my kids’ stinky hockey clothes and it worked mostly. I think those smells are for life, lol)",
"I’m so glad it worked for you, Angela! As far as the hockey clothes, maybe a bit of soaking in the solution before immediately washing would help to really penetrate the odors. So glad you found a homemade method that works better than store bought!",
"I have three Golden Retrievers. They have dog beds with blankets, and we use quilts for car rides in the back of the SUV, and for RV traveling. Although they get baths and grooming regularly, there’s still that stinky dog smell on their bedding. And they weren’t smelling any better after washing them... until I tried your “recipe! Super easy and works like a charm! Thank you so much for sharing!! And your pup is beautiful!",
"I’m so glad the recipe worked for you! Three golden retrievers? That sounds like heaven and lots of trouble at the same time! LOL I’ll make sure to share this comment with my Belle Boo. 🙂",
"How does it work on king size comforters? We have two cocker spaniels and a chihuaha and they all three sleep with us at night? I bought the ingredients but just wondering how all this would work on an actual comforter?",
"Tried everything. The only thing that worked for me was about 3 cups of bleach in wash water with HEX, soaked for a few hours or overnight.",
"That was after multiple washings with pine sol, vinegar and baking soda. I’ve been working for 3 weeks to get the smell out of a pillow, comforter, sheets and comforter cover I loaned a friend for 2 mos.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to secondary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n * Skip to footer\n\nDisplay Search Bar\n\nFollow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on\nInstagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\n\nBitz & Giggles\n\nDelicious bitz & tips for a happy life.\n\nJuly 15, 2015\n\n# How to Remove Pet Smells From Blankets\n\n6030shares\n\nA big thank you to Maids.com for sponsoring this post.\n\nAww. . .our furry family members. What would we do without these cuties? In\nreturn for their unconditional love we tend to their every need, we baby them,\nwe talk to them in high pitched voices (because we think they like it) and we\nlet them get away with some things even our children aren’t allowed to do. Are\nyou with me? I’m guilty as charged.\n\nMeet Belle. Belle came into our family this last February and she just turned\n9 months old at the beginning of July. She’s an English Cream Golden\nRetriever. . . and a complete firecracker. We love her to pieces.\n\nWhen we brought her home, it was important to set some ground rules around the\nhouse right away.\n\nThere were certain things I didn’t want her doing that our last golden\nretriever was famous for. From the beginning, we taught Belle that she was not\nallowed to:\n\n * Jump up on guests (or anyone for that matter)\n * Eat people food\n * Jump, climb, lay or sleep on our furniture (including our beds)\n\nWe’re also crate training her, so to make her feel at home (since she’s not\nallowed on our bed), we have an oversize crate that she sleeps in at night\n(we’ve upgraded since a few months ago) and bought Belle, her very own monkey\nblanket. She likes monkeys? Well, we think so. She likes the blanket, so that\nmeans she must like monkeys, too, right? Right.\n\nSo, she takes this blanket everywhere. She sleeps with it at night, she takes\nit on car rides, and once and awhile, she likes to drag it outside into the\nfront yard with her, too. For those of you who have a pup (or a kitty for that\nmatter) that loves to cuddle up with blankets (even those that are not their\nown) you’re going to start nodding your head after this next statement. .\n.after some time, the blankets tend to get. . .well, STINKY. Truth.\n\nFor those of you who may allow your pets up on your bed (we did for our last\ndog), you may have the same problem with your comforter or duvet. Because\nlet’s face it, when animals are laying on something soft like a blanket or a\ncomforter, they’re in their happy place.\n\nThey’re thinking, “Whew, it’s been a day. Thank goodness for this nice, soft,\ncomfy spot to relax. I think I’ll lay right here and clean myself up real good\n– lick all the dirt out of my fur and paws. This blanket doesn’t taste half\nbad either, you know? I think I’ll just chew on it awhile – hmmm. . . maybe\njust hold it here in my mouth. Hey, there’s a piece of one of my favorite\ntreats stuck to the corner over here. Wow, what a good day – WHAT a good day!”\n\nYou can only imagine what goes through their fuzzy little minds.\n\nAll I know is what goes through mine when I picked up the blanket and got a\nwhiff of that wonderful doggy odor.\n\nLet’s set the story straight before we get too far along. Belle is really a\nvery clean dog. Belle, herself, does not smell “doggy.” The only time she\nreally smells like a dog is when she’s wet. And all dogs smell like a dog when\nthey’re wet, right? If I’m wrong on this one, let me know, but from my\nexperience, this is the gosh darn truth.\n\nWhy am I so caught up about cleanliness? She’s a dog! Yes, she is, but one of\nmy pet peeves (“pet” peeve, get it?) is petting (that may be the most times\nI’ve said “pet” in a sentence ever) a dog and ending up with a smelly hand.\nIck. It just turns me off and I purposely avoid the dog. Which is really sad,\nbecause I’m completely and utterly in love with pups.\n\nI do what I can to make sure Belle never turns anyone’s hand ripe. I use Dry\nDog Shampoo on her about once a week and give her a deeper cleaning if she\never gets in a real dirty situation.\n\nUmmm. . .like that one. Yep, that was a good day (for her). Boy did she have\nfun (this happens a lot).\n\nEven though I’m pretty meticulous about keeping Belle clean – over time, even\nthe cleanest pets can muster up enough stink to make you turn up your nose.\nThat’s what happened with Belle’s monkey blanket. I held it up to my nose one\nday and couldn’t believe what I was smelling. I immediately took it to the\nlaundry room and threw it in the washer – then the dryer – with a couple extra\ndryer sheets.\n\nWhen it was dry, I held it up to my nose again. I sniffed even harder and\ndeeper this time. I was so excited to take in that freshly-washed blanket\nsmell. . .but wait, hold on. Something was wrong. I suddenly became disgusted\nAGAIN. The smell was STILL there! WHAT?!!\n\nWhy does this happen? It doesn’t happen with our clothes. What is it about pet\nsmells that just seem to linger? I remember our good friends leaving one of\ntheir dogs blankets up at our lake cabin after a nice long holiday weekend.\nWow did it stink. Like, fill a room up. . .stink. We put it in a garbage bag,\ntied it up tight and delivered it as soon as we were able. You know what they\nended up doing with it? They threw it out. It was that bad.\n\nSo, remembering that incident, and now finding myself in a similar situation,\nI was on a mission to rid Belle’s monkey blanket of that stubborn doggy smell.\nNormal laundry detergent and softener just wasn’t cutting it.\n\nI experimented with a few different things before I found the miracle\ncombination – yep, I found it. I finally figured out how to remove pet smells\nfrom blankets!\n\nIf you’re facing the same stinky dilemma that I was, you best stick around. .\n. because if you try this, the results are going to blow your mind.\n\nSo here’s what you’re going to need IN ADDITION to your normal laundry\ndetergent:\n\nIngredients\n\n * 1/2 cup Arm & Hammer Super Washing Soda (not to be confused with baking soda; WASHING soda)\n * 1/4 cup hydrogen peroxide\n * 1/2 cup white or apple cider vinegar\n\nInstructions\n\n 1. Do a warm water wash and add your detergent to the washer like normal. Throw in the blanket or comforter.\n 2. Add 1/2 cup of super washing soda.\n 3. Add 1/4 cup of hydrogen peroxide\n 4. Fill the softener dispenser with 1/2 cup vinegar. If your washer doesn’t have a dispenser add the vinegar during the last rinse cycle.\n\nThat’s it!\n\nWhen the washer stopped, I went to smell my blanket again. This time, there\nwas no doggy smell! None. Zilch. Nada. I ran to tell Josh right away with the\nblanket in hand. I stuck it right up to his nose yelling, “Smell this!” He\ninitially resisted because he knew what it smelled like before, but when I\nexplained to him I truly did get the smell out this time, he took a big whiff\nand was as amazed as I was.\n\nYou’re running to gather the ingredients already, aren’t you? Well, you should\nbe! I hope this method works as well for you as it did for us. I am completely\namazed, and can’t stop sharing my discovery with my friends!\n\nThey’ll be talking to me about a movie they just saw and I’ll just reply with,\n“Do you have any stinky blankets you need cleaned? Like real stinky? Cause’ I\nknow how to get the smell out!” I’ve become a bit “obsessed.” LOL While I\nwouldn’t recommend you ask crazy questions like this of your friends, my\nfriends have come to completely understand (they’ve known me awhile) my\nmadness.\n\nSo, what are you waiting for? Start filling that washer, grab those smelly\nblankets and bedding and REMOVE THAT DOGGY STINK!!\n\nNotes: I’ve used the hydrogen peroxide each time I’ve done this and I’ve never\nhad a problem with it discoloring her blanket. The peroxide/washing soda\ncombination basically acts like an oxygen bleach – similar to Oxy Clean that\nyou would buy from the store. I do want to mention, however, that I DID use\nOxy Clean in one of my earlier attempts to remove the smells and it was\nunsuccessful.\n\n# LOOKING FOR MORE CLEAN PET INSPIRATION?\n\nCheck out the FIVE MUST-HAVE CLEANING TOOLS FOR PET OWNERS from our partner\nMaids.com.\n\nSpend some time over at their fantastic blog and don’t forget to check them\nout on social media: Facebook | Twitter | Google + | Pinterest\n\n(Visited 132,685 times, 1 visits today)\n\n### Related\n\nShare this Post\n\nPrevious Post\n\nNext Post\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Leave a Comment Cancel reply\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n 1. Chandra@The Plaid & Paisley Kitchen says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 7:57 am\n\nOk first your dog is Gorgeous!!! Such a sweetie! I have 2 schnauzers and they\nare my babies! They do tend to get a little stinky sometimes too. This is a\ngreat tip! Thanks for sharing!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:18 pm\n\nThank you, Chandra! Your babies sound super sweet! Hope you try this solution!\n\nReply\n\n 2. Kacey @ The Cookie Writer says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 10:07 am\n\nThis is great! I have a Golden Retriever (we think he is mixed with Collie so\nlots of hair!) and he LOVES the water! The only downside is the smell\nafterwards... Thank you for the tips since my daughter always puts a blanket\non him... Haha. The colour of your dog is beautiful!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:16 pm\n\nThank you, Kacey! Your pup sounds adorable! Yes, you need to try this next\ntime you wash his blanket!\n\nReply\n\n 3. Michelle @ Blackberry Babe says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 10:36 am\n\nThis is so super helpful! I always wash our blankets after my in-laws bring\ntheir dogs for a visit.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:16 pm\n\nMichelle, this solution is sure to take any pet smells out when your guests\nleave!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Justine | Cooking and Beer says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 11:13 am\n\nOH MY GOODNESS! Belle is absolutely beautiful! Love this post and love these\ntips! Thanks for sharing with us!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 15, 2015 at 9:15 pm\n\nAwww, thank you, Justine! She’s sure brought a lot of joy and excitement to\nour lives!\n\nReply\n\n 5. Ashlyn @ Belle of the Kitchen says\n\nJuly 16, 2015 at 12:43 am\n\nYour doggy is so adorable, Sara! All of that fluffy, white fur is just\nbeautiful on her. 🙂 And I CANNOT WAIT to try this out! We have an English\nBulldog who snuggles on anything she can find; pillows, blankets, stuffed\nanimals, whatever! And she can get pretty stinky. This sounds like the\nsolution I’ve been needing!\n\nReply\n\n 6. Meg @ The Housewife in Training Files says\n\nJuly 16, 2015 at 3:50 pm\n\nBelle is so adorable! Animals really do bring so much joy to families but\ncleaning up after them can be a hassle. Love the tips here! Perfect for so\nmany applications!\n\nReply\n\n 7. Jennifer says\n\nJuly 21, 2015 at 10:57 pm\n\nI was wondering if this could work in a top loader? I don’t think my dispenser\nwill hold 3/4 cup of cleaner, plus they would mix right away before ever\ngetting near the clothes. Does it matter if the washing soda and vinegar sit\ntogether for a bit? Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 3, 2015 at 10:03 pm\n\nJennifer, my machine is a top loader as well. If you’re concerned about the\nvinegar mixing right away, just add it during the rinse cycle rather than\nputting it in the cup for the softener.\n\nReply\n\n 8. Roxie says\n\nAugust 10, 2015 at 6:02 pm\n\ntried it, and it came out fresh smelling. the last two comforters had to be\nthrown away. Thank you for sharing\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 11, 2015 at 7:49 pm\n\nOh I’m so glad it worked well for you, Roxie! It really is incredible! Thanks\nfor your comment!\n\nReply\n\n 9. Jamie says\n\nNovember 28, 2015 at 8:45 am\n\nHi. I have a front loader. Can u tell me where to add the peroxide? Vinegar?\nBaking soda? Do I just throw these directly into the drum?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 29, 2015 at 9:27 pm\n\nThe peroxide should be added to the detergent dispenser and the WASHING SODA\n(not baking soda) could be added to the drum. The vinegar should go into the\nsoftener dispenser. Good luck!\n\nReply\n\n * M says\n\nSeptember 9, 2016 at 3:42 pm\n\nSo the regular detergent we use is added to the same place the peroxide goes?\nSo it gets mixed? I initially got it wrong and put the washing soda in the\ndrum, peroxide where detergent goes and vinegar to the fabric softener. It\ncame out ok. Took the sour part of the dog smell out but not all of it.\nBasically good not great. but I never used detergent. Also are your\nmeasurements for a large load? Thanks for any input.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 10, 2016 at 10:13 pm\n\nI have a top loader, so I put the detergent and peroxide into the drum with\nthe blanket and I put the vinegar in my softener dispenser. When I wash her\nblanket I normally don’t wash anything else with it, so it’s a pretty small\nload. If you’re washing a larger load, try doubling the peroxide and vinegar.\nGood luck and let me know how it turns out!\n\nReply\n\n 10. Kristi Saunders says\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 9:15 am\n\nSuch a great discovery! I will put the dog blankets for washing straightaway!\nI also have dogs and I know what kind of mess makers there fluffy and adorable\ndoggies are so I am armed with a steam cleaner, Eureka Brushroll vacuum and a\ndoggie bathroom. We spend a lot of time out with the dogs and sometimes after\nit rains they are very dirty and if you let them in the house like this it\ncould be a disaster! Thanks for the helpful post! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nDecember 14, 2015 at 8:27 pm\n\nI get so excited when I hear that someone is going to try this at home. I\npromise you it works! You’re going to be so impressed!\n\nReply\n\n 11. Corey says\n\nJanuary 22, 2016 at 6:01 pm\n\nHi! Do you know if this is OK to do in a high efficiency washer?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJanuary 24, 2016 at 2:39 pm\n\nI wouldn’t see why not, Corey!\n\nReply\n\n 12. Barb Carroll says\n\nJanuary 29, 2016 at 6:07 pm\n\nI have a furry baby the same breed except black. I come home from work -I am a\nnurse and crawl into bed only to get up and find the frebreze. I’ m ready to\nretire and getting recipes to make my own cleaning products. I am taking\neverything off the bed and into the washer.God bless . will be following you.\n\nReply\n\n 13. Maria says\n\nFebruary 21, 2016 at 8:07 pm\n\nThanks Sara for this tip, I knew that baking soda is good to remove pet smells\nfrom blankets, but it is better when I use with hydrogen peroxide and vinegar\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nFebruary 21, 2016 at 9:24 pm\n\nYou are so welcome! Yes, the peroxide really is the magic ingredient I think!\nSome people have also had luck just washing with baking soda, but I think the\nhydrogen peroxide is a must!\n\nReply\n\n 14. Debbie says\n\nApril 11, 2016 at 8:11 am\n\nWhere do you find the washing soda? We have 3 fur babies.....2 Yorkies and a\nEnglish Springer Spaniel (he’s 9 months old). I really need to do this!!!!! ??\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 11, 2016 at 8:34 am\n\nHi Debbie! You have your hands full with those fur babies! 🙂 You can find\nwashing soda in the same aisle as laundry detergent. In our local Walmart it\nis usually by some of the stain fighting products like Oxiclean, etc.\n\nReply\n\n 15. Raven says\n\nJune 16, 2016 at 4:51 pm\n\nDid this today with my dogs bed and blanket. It certainly worked and I will be\nwashing his stuff this way from now on!!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJune 18, 2016 at 11:17 pm\n\nIsn’t it amazing?! So glad it worked for you!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Silas Knight says\n\nJuly 22, 2016 at 3:22 pm\n\nI hate having blankets that smell like dog. Don’t get me wrong, I love my dog,\nbut she does not smell very good. So, thanks for the tips on getting the smell\nout. I have never heard of washing soda before, but I will have to try it out.\n\nReply\n\n 17. Jenna jensen says\n\nSeptember 4, 2016 at 8:17 pm\n\nI’m very excited to try this tonight! I had two questions, but the first\nquestion about where to put everything in a front loader was already asked and\nanswered! Thank you!\n\nMy second question is on how to dry?\n\nI have two catahoula leopards (yes, they are dogs!). Both are about 75 pounds\nand big babies! Aros is 7 and Barbie is 9.5. Barbie has very sensitive skin to\nchemicals such as Febreze, so I try to keep her stuff as natural as possible\nwhich is why I’m excited for your post.\n\nThank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 7, 2016 at 5:44 am\n\nI can’t wait to hear how your blankets turned out, Jenna. In winter I do throw\nthe blankets in the dryer – in summer, I’ll hang them outside on the side of\nour deck or a clothesline.\n\nReply\n\n * Barb Roy says\n\nMay 16, 2017 at 7:54 pm\n\nMy Olde English Bulldog is very allergic to Febreeze. My vet said most dogs\nhave an allergic reaction to it.\n\nReply\n\n 18. Michelle says\n\nJanuary 16, 2017 at 4:57 pm\n\nI have 2 Black and Tan Coonhounds and a Bloodhound. They get a good funk going\nas a pack, but mostly our Bloodhound is the big stinker! I made custom beds\nout of washable heavy upholstery and couldn’t get the smell out when I washed.\nI used 1/2 cup Borax, 1/2 cup Oxi Clean, 1/2 cup vodka, 1/4 cup peroxide (in\nmy front loader detergent compartments) and then 1/2 cup vinegar in rinse\n(fabric softer compartment). Amazing results! Completely smell free when it\ncame out! I freshen up with 1/2 water, 1/2 vodka and a few drops of tea tree\noil on beds, chairs, couches, and carpets. Thank you for the wonderful advice.\n\nReply\n\n 19. Shelleen says\n\nMarch 18, 2017 at 11:24 am\n\nOMG....thank you so much for this recipe!!! I have two fur babies that like to\ntake over all my blankets and even though they get regular baths they STINK up\nall my blankets ??. I have washed two loads already and am now washing my\ntowels in the same stuff. Everything smells so fresh!! Now off to bath the fur\nbabies so they smell just as clean!!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 21, 2017 at 10:14 pm\n\nI’m so glad it worked so well for you! Glad your blankets, towels and fur\nbabies are now all squeaky clean!\n\nReply\n\n 20. anon says\n\nJune 16, 2017 at 4:03 pm\n\nJust get to the point.\n\nI Dont care to read a novel first, about your dog and then eventually read\nabout the remedy to remove the smells from blankets twenty chapters later.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJune 16, 2017 at 11:07 pm\n\nThanks for stopping by. I’m sorry you didn’t enjoy reading about our dog,\nBelle. We’re pretty fond of her around here and she’s part of our family. .\n.and this site. I hope the recipe works for you and I appreciate you leaving a\ncomment.\n\nReply\n\n 21. Priscilla says\n\nSeptember 25, 2017 at 9:46 am\n\nIs there a formula using washing soda for something that can’t go in the\nwasher? Say...a stinky outdoor rug that can be hosed down? Thanks for your\ntips!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 28, 2017 at 6:45 pm\n\nYou could try hand washing/scrubbing the rug with the same ingredients.\nAmounts don’t need to be perfect. Just the combination should do the job. Good\nluck!\n\nReply\n\n 22. Anna R says\n\nNovember 3, 2017 at 10:41 am\n\nI have several dogs, never thought I’d find something that would take that\ndoggie smell away. Thanks for your pin. I tried it and it works. I’m know\nusing it all the time for other smells I want knocked out of my laundry.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 6, 2017 at 9:38 pm\n\nIt’s amazing isn’t it? People never believe me when I tell them the recipe\nREALLY works! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 23. Penny says\n\nNovember 14, 2017 at 11:51 am\n\nI can’t wait to try this! I have 3 fur babies and don’t have an odor problem\nwith the 2 bigger dogs bedding it’s the mini pin chihuahua mix blankets that\nreally smell. I can pre soak & wash multiple times with vinegar, odoBan &\ndetergent, they come out smelling really clean, the problem is when I go to\nchange out her bedding all the clean blankets smell again. I even have to keep\nher blankets in the garage because they made the closet smell so bad. So my\nquestion is does this recipe last longer than just out of the wash?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 17, 2017 at 6:53 pm\n\nPenny, I can’t wait to hear if this worked for you and what you think. To make\nthings last longer, maybe you could try applying dry shampoo on your pups\nbetween baths. It may keep their bedding smelling nicer for longer, too!\n\nReply\n\n 24. Marlena says\n\nMarch 2, 2018 at 1:23 am\n\nWill this work on animal pee too?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 3, 2018 at 10:08 pm\n\nYes it will! Good luck and let me know your thoughts on the results!\n\nReply\n\n * Marlena says\n\nMarch 7, 2018 at 3:18 am\n\nSo itll work on any kind of a pee in general? Could I just wash it in warm\nwater with detergent and softener, or will there still me a smell or a stain?\nMy blanket is light purple on the inside and purple floral flowers on the\nfront.\n\nReply\n\n 25. massie block says\n\nMarch 5, 2018 at 5:18 pm\n\ni tried this and really wanted it to work.....sadly, it did not.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 9, 2018 at 7:19 am\n\nOh no, really?! What kind of smell were you trying to get out?\n\nReply\n\n 26. Beth Fabel says\n\nMarch 19, 2018 at 10:59 pm\n\nI used this today in my front loader on some stinky dog smell blankets and it\nworked well, no smell at all. I put the peroxide in with the detergent, the\nvinegar in the fabric softener dispenser and the washing soda in the drum.\nVery happy, thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMarch 23, 2018 at 10:43 pm\n\nOh, I’m so happy it worked for you! You are welcome!\n\nReply\n\n 27. Missy says\n\nApril 10, 2018 at 10:47 pm\n\nThank you!! Bought an old couch for the playroom and some of the cushion\ncovers had a dog smell. I’d washed them several times and my bionic nose could\nstill smell it but this actually made them smell sweet!!\n\nAlso, I didn’t have washing powder so I used Borax, and it worked great.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 13, 2018 at 2:30 pm\n\nAwesome! So glad it worked and it’s great to know you can sub Borax for the\nwashing powder!\n\nReply\n\n 28. Kirsten says\n\nMay 27, 2018 at 12:54 pm\n\nThis method worked WONDERS for me! Thank you so much! My throw blankets and\ncouch covers always smell faintly dog like even after a wash and I hate\noffering them to guests but I just tried this method and the smell is ENTIRELY\ngone! I did a large load of blankets and just doubled the vinegar and peroxide\nand it worked perfectly. From a fellow pup lover/smell hater, thank you! Next\nstep is to try the dry shampoo!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMay 30, 2018 at 6:55 pm\n\nI’m so glad it worked for you Kirsten!! It’s pretty amazing, isn’t it?!\n\nReply\n\n 29. Mari says\n\nJuly 9, 2018 at 12:48 pm\n\nOMG! It totally worked! I had a group of dog blankets that smelled\nlike...ummmm, frankly, butt! I have had them cleaned many times and they’ve\nalways returned with a foul smell. I tried your recipe and nothing. No butt,\nno foul! I am so happy...next, the dog bed....thank you for the wonderful\nsuggestion!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 18, 2018 at 2:43 pm\n\nI’m so glad it worked for you, Mari! Isn’t it freeing to know you finally\ndiscovered a solution to remove the stink?! LOL\n\nReply\n\n 30. Csp says\n\nAugust 1, 2018 at 9:37 am\n\nHi there any tips on where to find washing soda? All my local stores only\ncarry there baking soda... anything else that would work that might be easier\nto find?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 3, 2018 at 10:38 pm\n\nDo you have a Walmart close by or are you in the states that you can order\nonline? https://www.walmart.com/ip/Arm-Hammer-Super-Washing-Soda-\nBooster-55-Oz/19407690\n\nReply\n\n 31. Mary Kay Hawkshead says\n\nAugust 24, 2018 at 9:06 am\n\nThis sounds like a real odor cure. I do have one question, though. Are the\nproportions you listed for a small, medium or large load? I have 2 queen size\nfleece blankets that my granddaughter’s dog plopped on while they were in the\nlaundry basket waiting their turn for the dryer. My washer has a huge tub and\nboth will fit at the same time.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 25, 2018 at 10:53 am\n\nI think you should be able to keep the recipe as is and see how the blankets\nturn out. If you still sense an odor, you can try to strengthen the amount of\ningredients used.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Mary Kay Hawkshead says\n\nAugust 27, 2018 at 8:05 am\n\nThis worked like a dream! My granddaughter’s 2 fleece blankets that her huge\ndog mistakenly cuddled up in were near being trashed, because after 3 attempts\nwith expensive odor removers just failed miserably. I doubled the recipe\nbecause the blankets were each queen size, and used less detergent, as the\nblankets had just been through washings. What a surprise when removing them\nfrom the washer! Absolutely no odor. The same result after drying. Thank you,\nthank you, thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 33. pieter says\n\nAugust 27, 2018 at 1:45 pm\n\nsounds great when you have a blanket, we have 2 Dobermans laying on the\noutside furniture , what about pillowcases that dont come off the pillow can\nyou make a mixture in a bowl ? or spray it on the pillows ? thanks pieter\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 2, 2018 at 11:27 pm\n\nFor a pillow spray, try this:\n\n1 cup hydrogen peroxide 1 tsp baking soda 1 drop liquid dish soap (I use Dawn)\n\nMix all ingredients together in a spray bottle and then spray the pillows. Let\nme know if this fixes your problem! Good luck!\n\nReply\n\n 34. Jeanette says\n\nAugust 30, 2018 at 9:18 am\n\nThis totally worked! Thank you so much, Rosie’s Bear blanket used to be my\ndaughters “lovey” and is 21 years old.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 2, 2018 at 11:07 pm\n\nI’m so glad, Jeanette!\n\nReply\n\n 35. virginia english says\n\nSeptember 3, 2018 at 7:21 am\n\nWould this combination of items work in a he washer? And, if so, do you add\nthe arm and hammer and perioxide right into the tub or into the detergent cup?\nThanks\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 4, 2018 at 10:45 am\n\nI would add the washing soda to the detergent cup and the peroxide to the\nbleach dispenser.\n\nReply\n\n 36. Hadassah says\n\nSeptember 19, 2018 at 11:17 am\n\nThanks so much!! I have a poodle and they aren’t supposed to have a smell but\nhe stinks so bad when he goes even just 1 1/2 weeks without a bath and his\nblanket and kennel reek of him!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 3, 2018 at 9:51 am\n\nHow did the recipe work out for you, Hadassah?\n\nReply\n\n 37. Lawrence says\n\nSeptember 25, 2018 at 12:00 am\n\nSome great ideas there. Very useful.\n\nReply\n\n 38. robert says\n\nOctober 29, 2018 at 1:09 pm\n\nHey there thanks for the tips. Pure awesomeness. How do you reccomend drying\nthe blanket afterwards?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 17, 2018 at 11:33 pm\n\nI just put mine in the dryer. Air drying would also be an option if you have a\nplace to hang the blanket up.\n\nReply\n\n 39. Yesenia says\n\nNovember 4, 2018 at 8:35 pm\n\nThere’s still a faint smell of dog on everything I washed using this method D:\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nNovember 21, 2018 at 10:47 pm\n\nI would put everything through the same cycle again. This method has worked\nfor me every time.\n\nReply\n\n 40. Angel Bogart says\n\nMarch 18, 2019 at 8:22 pm\n\nThank you for mentioning that blankets that have been soiled by pet odors\ncould be washed by combining hydrogen peroxide with washing soda. Mom would\nsurely love it that the mixture doesn’t stain and wouldn’t at all harm the\nsoft, furry blanket that the twins use for their pet playtime. This is for\nsimple pet odor and stains though that the cleaners could do themselves. For\ntougher stains, I’d suggest that Mom consider getting professional pet odor\nremoval.\n\nReply\n\n 41. Sara says\n\nApril 14, 2019 at 5:49 pm\n\nThis mixture is absolutely AMAZING!!! I washed 2 large 1 medium and 2 small\nblankets all in one load using the exact measurments and no dog smell on any\nof them!!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 18, 2019 at 9:35 pm\n\nI am so glad it worked for you, Sara! It really is pretty incredible. Once you\nuse it, you’re a believer! 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 42. Jennifer says\n\nMay 15, 2019 at 7:30 pm\n\nIt totally worked! Thank you for posting. I was ready to throw out all my fur\nbaby blankets(6 total) she had gotten sick on them, and could not get the\nsmell out, this was wash attempt number 4, and was finally a success. I’m\nsharing this with every dog owner I know.\n\nReply\n\n 43. Debbie Hunt says\n\nJune 26, 2019 at 10:31 am\n\nthanks for the tip on how to get rid of that dog smell on blankets... I’m\ngoing to try it with Mavericks (dog) jacket. my question is...... The hydrogen\nperoxide comes a few different ways I’ve seen 3%...6%. unsure which bottle to\nbuy?looking forward to hearing from you, so i can go and wash some somethings\nThanks for your time Debbie\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJune 29, 2019 at 12:05 am\n\nDebbie, I would use 3%. Let me know how your blankets turn out!\n\nReply\n\n 44. Saskia says\n\nAugust 12, 2019 at 9:51 am\n\nDo you think I could make this work for hand wash?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 19, 2019 at 10:27 pm\n\nYes! I would try and soak the blanket in the solution for awhile before hand\nwashing.\n\nReply\n\n 45. Millicent says\n\nAugust 28, 2019 at 5:32 pm\n\nWe have a black/blue & white bully type dog with adorable crooked ears rescued\nfrom death row at a high kill shelter in S. Calif – after flying out there I\ndrove him back to our Midwest home saving his life & he bringing joy to ours.\nOur effort to help get to “save them all” & not ignore nor contribute to the\nproblem. No restrictions, we keep human sitting surfaces & beds covered with\ndog blankets. The artificial fibers get to smelling funky over time of normal\nuse, after regurgitation of grass balls, licking paws n such. One thing had\nworked but the same strong odor retuned in a few days. Cannot wait to try this\nand hope it knocks out the funk longer. Appreciate you sharing your solution.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nSeptember 6, 2019 at 10:08 pm\n\nPlease check back with your results please! Would love to know your thoughts\nand whether or not the solution worked for you!\n\nReply\n\n * Millicent says\n\nSeptember 29, 2019 at 12:42 pm\n\nTHIS WORKED – I AM DELIGHTED!!! It’s been about a month since I used this\ntechnique and still no funky odor has returned. Thank you for sharing! I have\npassed it along to my BFFs – one has a rescued German Shepherd kept in a\nkennel her whole life used for breeding then dumped at a shelter after she was\ntoo old to breed (she had never walked on carpet nor up/down stairs before)\nand the other two have rescued hunting breed dogs that had been kept in\noutdoor kennels (which are almost no better than shelters) then dumped by\ntheir owners for reasons like they didn’t win hunting titles. For all of our\ndogs, their new homes are thousands times better than with their former\nbreeders/owners. We all have this same smelly blanket problem because all our\ndogs are indoors living with their family/pack and get blankets to snuggle in!\nI am delighted to finally have found a solution to keep them smelling fresh.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 1, 2019 at 8:44 am\n\nAnd I am DELIGHTED to hear that it worked for you and your friends. Thank you\nfor everything you do for all the pups out there needing help!\n\nReply\n\n 46. Jackie says\n\nApril 2, 2020 at 9:57 am\n\nHi I have read through all the comments so far, but no one has asked the\nquestion regarding the hydrogen peroxide used in the recipe, what % is the\nhydrogen peroxide. Here in the UK it is sold in either 3%, 6%, or 9%\nsolutions. I have tried to source solutions above 9% ie 100% & 35% but you\nneed a license to buy chemicals that strong. Would be grateful of a quick\nanswer as the smell is getting bad now. Many Thanks.\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nApril 2, 2020 at 9:06 pm\n\nHi Jackie, I believe what I used was 3%. Good luck and let me know how the\nrecipe works for you!\n\nReply\n\n 47. Emma says\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 5:30 am\n\nI am so so grateful for this! I have two small dogs and they sleep with me at\nnight. I sleep with two soft blankets in addition to my regular bed spread. My\ndogs cuddle with me and the blankets at night which resulted in the blankets\nending up really smelly. I was really frustrated after washing them several\ntimes because they are my personal blankets and I didn’t want to have to throw\nthem out! I was so excited to try this and I’m so glad it worked! Truly a\nlife-saver! Thank you! (ps I know this thread/post is old, but I thought I’d\nshare my thanks anyways!)\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nMay 5, 2020 at 5:09 pm\n\nEmma, recipes like this one never get old because THEY WORK! So glad it worked\nfor you and I really appreciate you taking the time to comment.\n\nReply\n\n 48. Joanie Kirkpatrick says\n\nJuly 16, 2020 at 8:36 am\n\nThis is great, thank you! Do you have any suggestions for getting all the dog\nhair out of the blankets at the same time? I pull them out of the washer and\nthey are still covered in hair! Makes me crazy!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nJuly 18, 2020 at 8:52 pm\n\nSo, this may sound crazy but I have a Dyson vacuum and I have my husband and\nkids hold the corners of the blanket tight while I vacuum it on the lowest\nsetting (both sides). It actually gets quite a bit of the hair out. It’s a bit\nmore difficult if you have short-haired dogs, but it’s worth giving it a try.\nI would do the vacuuming before throwing the blanket in the washer.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Angela says\n\nAugust 11, 2020 at 10:04 am\n\nI know this post is a few years old, but I stumbled across this when I was\ngoogling “how get pee smell out of blankets”. We have a new puppy and his\ncrate blanket stinks! I was waiting for my special “dog pee” specific cleaner\nto arrive in the mail so I thought I’d give yours a shot. It worked\nincredibly! (And the first wash too!)\n\nI have an HE washer. I put the washing soda and peroxide in the drum and the\nvinger in my softener spot. Then detergent in the normal spot. (I’ve mixed\ndetergent with the peroxide in the detergent slot and that works too) I\ncouldn’t believe how well it worked. Literally no stink!\n\nA week later, I got the other cleaner in the mail. I tried it and the blanket\nwas still stinky after wash! I followed up with your recipe and it came out\nperfect! I will always use this!\n\n(I tried it on my kids’ stinky hockey clothes and it worked mostly. I think\nthose smells are for life, lol)\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 14, 2020 at 7:37 am\n\nI’m so glad it worked for you, Angela! As far as the hockey clothes, maybe a\nbit of soaking in the solution before immediately washing would help to really\npenetrate the odors. So glad you found a homemade method that works better\nthan store bought!\n\nReply\n\n 50. Largo says\n\nAugust 11, 2020 at 8:50 pm\n\nI have three Golden Retrievers. They have dog beds with blankets, and we use\nquilts for car rides in the back of the SUV, and for RV traveling. Although\nthey get baths and grooming regularly, there’s still that stinky dog smell on\ntheir bedding. And they weren’t smelling any better after washing them...\nuntil I tried your “recipe! Super easy and works like a charm! Thank you so\nmuch for sharing!! And your pup is beautiful!\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nAugust 14, 2020 at 7:35 am\n\nI’m so glad the recipe worked for you! Three golden retrievers? That sounds\nlike heaven and lots of trouble at the same time! LOL I’ll make sure to share\nthis comment with my Belle Boo. 🙂\n\nReply\n\n 51. Courtney Daniels says\n\nOctober 19, 2020 at 9:30 am\n\nHow does it work on king size comforters? We have two cocker spaniels and a\nchihuaha and they all three sleep with us at night? I bought the ingredients\nbut just wondering how all this would work on an actual comforter?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 20, 2020 at 1:26 pm\n\nIt should work just fine on a king size comforter!\n\nReply\n\n * Courtney Daniels says\n\nOctober 24, 2020 at 6:52 am\n\nSo use the same amount of ingredients with the comforter?\n\nReply\n\n * Sara says\n\nOctober 26, 2020 at 9:23 pm\n\nYes! Let us know your results!\n\nReply\n\n 52. Peggy Sands says\n\nNovember 21, 2020 at 1:55 pm\n\nTried everything. The only thing that worked for me was about 3 cups of bleach\nin wash water with HEX, soaked for a few hours or overnight.\n\nThat was after multiple washings with pine sol, vinegar and baking soda. I’ve\nbeen working for 3 weeks to get the smell out of a pillow, comforter, sheets\nand comforter cover I loaned a friend for 2 mos.\n\nGood luck everyone.\n\nReply\n\n * Peggy Sands says\n\nNovember 21, 2020 at 1:56 pm\n\noh and then leave it in the sun / outside for awhile.\n\nReply\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n### Hi, I'm Sara!\n\nI’m a Mid-Western girl with a Type A personality who lives to entertain. I\nbelieve it’s the special touches that make all the difference when it comes to\nfamily, home and a happy life. Read more\n\n### Subscribe by Email\n\n * About\n * Contact\n * Work with Me\n\nFollow me on Facebook!Follow me on Twitter!Follow me on Pinterest!Follow me on\nInstagram!Follow me on Google Plus!Follow me on BlogLovin!\n\n© 2020 Bitz and GigglesPrivacy Policy\n\nWebsite Design by Melissa Rose Design\n\n·\n\nDevelopment by Once Coupled\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191119014738/http://www.washingtonpost.com:80/wp-dyn/content/article/2005/09/28/AR2005092800558.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?",
"passages": [
"A It is possible to clean carpet reasonably well with a machine you rent. That said, you should also recognize that a good professional probably would do a better job. And if you anticipate tackling the job frequently on your own, you might be better off buying a deep-cleaning machine, which works similarly to the rental machines.",
"With all of these options, the basic cleaning method is the same. Although it's often called steam cleaning, the process doesn't use actual steam. First a solution of detergent and water is spread over the carpet and worked into the fibers. Then it is rinsed out -- along with the grime -- by vacuuming up as much moisture as possible. (Other approaches to carpet cleaning, such as buffing fibers with absorbent pads or working in absorbent powder and then vacuuming it out, don't work as well, according to research done by Shaw Industries Inc., the world's largest carpet manufacturer.)",
"Professionals with truck-mounted equipment have the edge in several ways. Because they clean carpets day after day, they aren't as likely to make mistakes such as using too much detergent or neglecting to rinse away all residue. Also, the trucks deliver hot water, which boosts the detergent's effectiveness. With a rental machine, the best you can do is to pour hot water into the mixing tank and hope it doesn't cool off too much as you clean. Finally, professionals benefit from having more powerful vacuum systems. Because they remove more water, it's possible to rinse more thoroughly. The amount of water flowing through carpet fibers is the most important factor that determines whether a cleaning is thorough, Shaw's researchers found. Plus, the professional vacuums leave the fibers dryer, so the room can get back in use faster.",
"However, getting a professional cleaning is relatively expensive compared with tackling the job yourself with a rented machine. Two years ago, as Consumer Reports magazine was testing deep cleaners, researchers also evaluated one professional service and one nationwide rental company's machines. The pro did an \"excellent\" job, while the rental machines were just \"good.\" Yet Consumer Reports, always on the hunt for bargains, still saw value in using a rented machine. To clean two rooms and a hallway, the professional charged $181. Renting a machine for a day cost only about $20.",
"One factor that dragged down the score for the rental machines: Their quality varied considerably. If you're a novice at carpet cleaning, this is a big issue. If a machine not in good repair dumps too much detergent onto the carpet, for example, you might just keep going, assuming that's what it's supposed to do.",
"Buying a deep-cleaning machine gets around this problem, assuming you take the time to read the directions and take reasonable care of the tool. Consumer Reports tested three deep cleaners and found that the Hoover Steam Vac V2 and the Bissell 7920 ProHeat Pro-Tech were \"very good,\" just a notch below the professional cleaner's score. Each model cost about $250.",
"If you compare all the numbers, you realize that you could rent a machine nine times for the price of one professional cleaning for part of a house. And for not all that much more, you could buy a home machine to use whenever you want. So it's a good question whether frequent cleaning with a \"very good\" or even a \"good\" machine leaves the carpet cleaner than if you save up for periodic professional cleaning, even if it is more thorough.",
"Carpet manufacturers generally recommend professional cleaning of carpets every 12 to 18 months. But if you have indoor pets, track in oily dirt from a garage floor, or find lots of sticky things spilled on your carpet, renting a machine or buying one for interim cleanings makes sense. If, after several DIY cleanings, the fibers don't seem to be as clean as they once were, you can always call in a pro for a more thorough job.",
"If you do proceed to clean on your own, with either a rented machine or one you buy, a few steps can make all the difference in how the job turns out. Use only the detergent recommended for the machine, and never use more than the label recommends. A more concentrated formula won't clean better; it will just leave the carpet fibers sticky.",
"Many professionals mist a pre-treatment solution onto the carpet, which allows a longer time to break down oily compounds. Then they run only clear water through the machine. You might experiment with the same approach. Or, if you want to minimize the use of cleaning products in your house, try using the machine with only plain, hot water, especially if you still plan a professional cleaning periodically.",
"Before you begin, make sure that you have one or more good fans available so that you can ensure speedy drying even if something goes wrong. With properly functioning equipment, the carpet should dry within four or five hours; if it takes more than 24 hours, you risk getting mildew growth in the backing.",
"Many so-called \"stains\" are actually soil that has stuck onto carpet fibers because something sticky spilled and wasn't cleaned up. A deep cleaning with detergent and water should get this out.",
"Stains are color changes in the fibers themselves. Quick action when spills occur usually makes all the difference in whether these changes are permanent or correctable. The first aid measures depend on the specific spill. On the Web, you can find all sorts of home remedies, some that work and some that don't. For advice based on actual test results, look at the floor care section of Shaw's site, http://www.shawfloors.com/ .",
"Because you'll work quickly, assemble a stain-removal kit ahead of time. Stock it with white cloths or paper towels and three spray bottles, labeled. Fill one with detergent solution -- water plus a few drops of clear, liquid dishwashing detergent (no more than 1/4 teaspoon of detergent to 32 ounces of water). Fill the second bottle with half water and half white vinegar; this makes an acidic cleaner that will combat alkaline spills. The third bottle is for an alkaline cleaner to use against acidic spills. Mix one tablespoon of ammonia to one cup of water. (Never use the alkaline cleaner on wool or wool- blend carpets because it will destroy the fibers.) Add to your kit a bottle of nail polish remover, a chewing gum remover, and a spot remover designed specifically for grease, oil or tar."
]
},
"parsed_md": "The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?\n\nwashingtonpost.com > Arts & Living > Home and Garden\n\n###### KNOW HOW\n\n# The Nitty-Gritty of Carpet Cleaning: Do It Yourself or Hire a Pro?\n\nTOOLBOX\n\nResize\n\nPrint\n\nE-mail\n\nReprints \n \n--- \n \nBy Jeanne Huber\n\nSpecial to The Washington Post Thursday, September 29, 2005\n\nQ Are the carpet steamer/cleaners that you can rent at the grocery store worth\nit?\n\nA It is possible to clean carpet reasonably well with a machine you rent. That\nsaid, you should also recognize that a good professional probably would do a\nbetter job. And if you anticipate tackling the job frequently on your own, you\nmight be better off buying a deep-cleaning machine, which works similarly to\nthe rental machines.\n\nWith all of these options, the basic cleaning method is the same. Although\nit's often called steam cleaning, the process doesn't use actual steam. First\na solution of detergent and water is spread over the carpet and worked into\nthe fibers. Then it is rinsed out -- along with the grime -- by vacuuming up\nas much moisture as possible. (Other approaches to carpet cleaning, such as\nbuffing fibers with absorbent pads or working in absorbent powder and then\nvacuuming it out, don't work as well, according to research done by Shaw\nIndustries Inc., the world's largest carpet manufacturer.)\n\nProfessionals with truck-mounted equipment have the edge in several ways.\nBecause they clean carpets day after day, they aren't as likely to make\nmistakes such as using too much detergent or neglecting to rinse away all\nresidue. Also, the trucks deliver hot water, which boosts the detergent's\neffectiveness. With a rental machine, the best you can do is to pour hot water\ninto the mixing tank and hope it doesn't cool off too much as you clean.\nFinally, professionals benefit from having more powerful vacuum systems.\nBecause they remove more water, it's possible to rinse more thoroughly. The\namount of water flowing through carpet fibers is the most important factor\nthat determines whether a cleaning is thorough, Shaw's researchers found.\nPlus, the professional vacuums leave the fibers dryer, so the room can get\nback in use faster.\n\nHowever, getting a professional cleaning is relatively expensive compared with\ntackling the job yourself with a rented machine. Two years ago, as Consumer\nReports magazine was testing deep cleaners, researchers also evaluated one\nprofessional service and one nationwide rental company's machines. The pro did\nan \"excellent\" job, while the rental machines were just \"good.\" Yet Consumer\nReports, always on the hunt for bargains, still saw value in using a rented\nmachine. To clean two rooms and a hallway, the professional charged $181.\nRenting a machine for a day cost only about $20.\n\nOne factor that dragged down the score for the rental machines: Their quality\nvaried considerably. If you're a novice at carpet cleaning, this is a big\nissue. If a machine not in good repair dumps too much detergent onto the\ncarpet, for example, you might just keep going, assuming that's what it's\nsupposed to do.\n\nBuying a deep-cleaning machine gets around this problem, assuming you take the\ntime to read the directions and take reasonable care of the tool. Consumer\nReports tested three deep cleaners and found that the Hoover Steam Vac V2 and\nthe Bissell 7920 ProHeat Pro-Tech were \"very good,\" just a notch below the\nprofessional cleaner's score. Each model cost about $250.\n\nIf you compare all the numbers, you realize that you could rent a machine nine\ntimes for the price of one professional cleaning for part of a house. And for\nnot all that much more, you could buy a home machine to use whenever you want.\nSo it's a good question whether frequent cleaning with a \"very good\" or even a\n\"good\" machine leaves the carpet cleaner than if you save up for periodic\nprofessional cleaning, even if it is more thorough.\n\nCarpet manufacturers generally recommend professional cleaning of carpets\nevery 12 to 18 months. But if you have indoor pets, track in oily dirt from a\ngarage floor, or find lots of sticky things spilled on your carpet, renting a\nmachine or buying one for interim cleanings makes sense. If, after several DIY\ncleanings, the fibers don't seem to be as clean as they once were, you can\nalways call in a pro for a more thorough job.\n\nIf you do proceed to clean on your own, with either a rented machine or one\nyou buy, a few steps can make all the difference in how the job turns out. Use\nonly the detergent recommended for the machine, and never use more than the\nlabel recommends. A more concentrated formula won't clean better; it will just\nleave the carpet fibers sticky.\n\nMany professionals mist a pre-treatment solution onto the carpet, which allows\na longer time to break down oily compounds. Then they run only clear water\nthrough the machine. You might experiment with the same approach. Or, if you\nwant to minimize the use of cleaning products in your house, try using the\nmachine with only plain, hot water, especially if you still plan a\nprofessional cleaning periodically.\n\nBefore you begin, make sure that you have one or more good fans available so\nthat you can ensure speedy drying even if something goes wrong. With properly\nfunctioning equipment, the carpet should dry within four or five hours; if it\ntakes more than 24 hours, you risk getting mildew growth in the backing.\n\nWhat's a realistic expectation for carpet stain removal?\n\nMany so-called \"stains\" are actually soil that has stuck onto carpet fibers\nbecause something sticky spilled and wasn't cleaned up. A deep cleaning with\ndetergent and water should get this out.\n\nStains are color changes in the fibers themselves. Quick action when spills\noccur usually makes all the difference in whether these changes are permanent\nor correctable. The first aid measures depend on the specific spill. On the\nWeb, you can find all sorts of home remedies, some that work and some that\ndon't. For advice based on actual test results, look at the floor care section\nof Shaw's site, http://www.shawfloors.com/ .\n\nBecause you'll work quickly, assemble a stain-removal kit ahead of time. Stock\nit with white cloths or paper towels and three spray bottles, labeled. Fill\none with detergent solution -- water plus a few drops of clear, liquid\ndishwashing detergent (no more than 1/4 teaspoon of detergent to 32 ounces of\nwater). Fill the second bottle with half water and half white vinegar; this\nmakes an acidic cleaner that will combat alkaline spills. The third bottle is\nfor an alkaline cleaner to use against acidic spills. Mix one tablespoon of\nammonia to one cup of water. (Never use the alkaline cleaner on wool or wool-\nblend carpets because it will destroy the fibers.) Add to your kit a bottle of\nnail polish remover, a chewing gum remover, and a spot remover designed\nspecifically for grease, oil or tar.\n\n© 2005 The Washington Post Company\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210514011753/https://www.stain-removal-101.com/urine-stain-removal.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Urine Stain Removal Guide",
"passages": [
"Whether you are in the throes of potty training or your pet has an accident on the carpet, you want to clean up urine as quickly as possible.",
"However, my focus in this article is to give tips for removing human urine. If you need to remove pet urine check out this page on pet stain removal.",
"Step 1: Run the fabric, inside out, under the cold (not warm or hot) water to flush out as much of the urine as possible.",
"Step 2: Pretreat the stain with liquid laundry detergent containing enzymes, soaking for 30 minutes in cold water, or in the alternative pretreat with an enzyme pretreater. Do not use hot water.",
"Step 3: Launder in the hottest water the fabric will allow to get out the stain, and either chlorine bleach if the fabric will allow it, or oxygen bleach if not.",
"Hint: Make sure the stain is gone after washing, but before you place in the dryer or you may set the stain.",
"Step 1: Blot any excess urine from the upholstery, being careful not to spread the stain or grind it into the upholstery.",
"Check out urine cleaner reviews here, or submit your own, to find out which products have worked (or not worked) for readers just like you.",
"Step 6: If the stain remains use an eye dropper to apply a few drops of 3% hydrogen peroxide to the spot, followed by a few drops of ammonia.",
"Hint: Test both the hydrogen peroxide and ammonia in an inconspicuous location of your upholstery to make sure it does not harm it before using either on your urine stain.",
"Step 7: Now that the stain is removed you should get plain cold water and a new white cloth and sponge the area to remove the cleaning solution, and then blot dry.",
"The instructions for removing urine from a mattress are quite similar to the instructions above for removing urine from upholstery.",
"Do you have your own urine stain removal tip? If so, submit your tip here, or read other tips already submitted.",
"Are you a stain magnet like me? If so, check out the A to Z Stain Removal Guide which gives directions for how to remove over 100 types of stains from all kinds of surfaces.",
"Hi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience with house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other messy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.",
"I update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes, reviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various cleaners, removers and laundry supplies.",
"I'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter you will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can reference as needed.",
"CAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is provided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just won't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm your item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive call a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Urine Stain Removal Guide\n\n * House Cleaning |\n * Laundry |\n * Stains |\n * Homemade Cleaners |\n * Spring Cleaning |\n * Free Stain Removal Chart |\n * Contact Me\n\n# Urine Stain Removal Guide\n\nBelow are urine stain removal tips and techniques for clothing, upholstery,\ncarpet, and mattresses, with step by step instructions.\n\nWhether you are in the throes of potty training or your pet has an accident on\nthe carpet, you want to clean up urine as quickly as possible.\n\nGenerally, the directions below work on both human and pet urine, such as dog\nurine and cat urine.\n\nHowever, my focus in this article is to give tips for removing human urine. If\nyou need to remove pet urine check out this page on pet stain removal.\n\n### Urine Stain Removal From Clothing\n\nStep 1: Run the fabric, inside out, under the cold (not warm or hot) water to\nflush out as much of the urine as possible.\n\nStep 2: Pretreat the stain with liquid laundry detergent containing enzymes,\nsoaking for 30 minutes in cold water, or in the alternative pretreat with an\nenzyme pretreater. Do not use hot water.\n\nHint: If the stain is older, you may need to soak even longer, perhaps even\novernight.\n\nStep 3: Launder in the hottest water the fabric will allow to get out the\nstain, and either chlorine bleach if the fabric will allow it, or oxygen\nbleach if not.\n\nHint: Make sure the stain is gone after washing, but before you place in the\ndryer or you may set the stain.\n\n### Removing Urine Stains From Upholstery\n\nStep 1: Blot any excess urine from the upholstery, being careful not to spread\nthe stain or grind it into the upholstery.\n\nStep 2: Mix a solution of two cups cool water, one tablespoon dishwashing\nliquid, and one tablespoon of vinegar.\n\nStep 3: Using this solution, sponge the spot with a clean white cloth.\n\nStep 4: Next, blot at the stain until the liquid is absorbed.\n\nStep 5: Repeat steps 3-4 until the spot from the urine is removed from the\nupholstery.\n\n#### What Urine Cleaner Should You Use?\n\nThere are lots of products out there for cleaning up urine stains, but which\nones actually work the best?\n\nCheck out urine cleaner reviews here, or submit your own, to find out which\nproducts have worked (or not worked) for readers just like you.\n\nIf that removes the stain skip down to step 7. Otherwise, continue on with the\nnext step.\n\nStep 6: If the stain remains use an eye dropper to apply a few drops of 3%\nhydrogen peroxide to the spot, followed by a few drops of ammonia.\n\nHint: Test both the hydrogen peroxide and ammonia in an inconspicuous location\nof your upholstery to make sure it does not harm it before using either on\nyour urine stain.\n\nStep 7: Now that the stain is removed you should get plain cold water and a\nnew white cloth and sponge the area to remove the cleaning solution, and then\nblot dry.\n\nHint: Be sure to get the upholstery only as wet as necessary to remove the\nstain from the urine.\n\nYou can get more information on how to clean upholstery here.\n\n### How To Remove Urine Stain From Carpet\n\nThe instructions for urine stain removal from carpet is the same as for\nupholstery.\n\n### How To Remove Urine From Mattress\n\nThe instructions for removing urine from a mattress are quite similar to the\ninstructions above for removing urine from upholstery.\n\nYou can also check out this article and video for removing urine on a\nmattress.\n\n### Submit Your Own Tip For Removing Urine Stains\n\nDo you have your own urine stain removal tip? If so, submit your tip here, or\nread other tips already submitted.\n\n### Get Even More Stain And Spot Removal Help Here\n\nAre you a stain magnet like me? If so, check out the A to Z Stain Removal\nGuide which gives directions for how to remove over 100 types of stains from\nall kinds of surfaces.\n\n#### Thanks For Visiting My Website: Grab Your Free Gift!\n\nHi, I'm Taylor, a busy mom with 3 kids, so I have lots of hands on experience\nwith house cleaning, laundry and my fair share of spots, spills and other\nmessy catastrophes. Thanks for visiting my site.\n\n[Get your free chart here]\n\nI update the website all the time with tips, tutorials, cleaning recipes,\nreviews of products from readers like you, and tests I've done on various\ncleaners, removers and laundry supplies.\n\nI'd love to give you a gift! When you subscribe to my free weekly newsletter\nyou will receive a free printable laundry stain removal chart that you can\nreference as needed.\n\nI hope you enjoy this gift, and stop by again soon!\n\n### Share Your Comments, Tips & Ideas\n\n#### Related Pages You May Enjoy\n\nA-Z Guide: Instructions For Removing Over 100 Types Of Stains\n\nGo From Urine Stain Removal To Home Page\n\nCAUTION: This website is provided for informational purposes only. It is\nprovided as is, without warranties or guarantees. Some stains and messes just\nwon't come out, and are permanent. Further, some cleaning methods can harm\nyour item, so if what you want to clean or launder is sentimental or expensive\ncall a professional. See disclaimer of liability for more information.\n\n### Home & What's New\n\n * Home Page\n * Busy Mom's Blog\n\n### Stain Removal Basics\n\n * {A-Z} Stain Guide\n * Techniques & Rules\n * Ask For Stain Help\n * Stain Tips From Readers\n\n### Remove Stains By Surface\n\n * Clean Upholstery\n\n### Stain Removal Supplies & Equipment\n\n * Recommended Removers\n * {A-M} Remover Reviews\n * {N-Z} Remover Reviews\n * Essential Equipment\n\n### Laundry Tips\n\n * Laundry Guide\n * Fabric Care Guide\n\n### Laundry Supplies & Equipment\n\n * Laundry Supplies Reviews\n * {A-M} Detergent Reviews\n * {N-Z} Detergent Reviews\n * Detergent Facts & Info\n\n### House Cleaning Tips\n\n * How To Clean Anything\n * 31 Days Of Spring Cleaning\n * Cleaning Tips From Readers\n\n### Homemade Cleaners\n\n * Cleaning Products Recipes\n * Recipes From Readers\n\n### Cleaning Supplies & Equipment\n\n * {A-H} Product Reviews\n * {I-Q} Product Reviews\n * {R-Z} Product Reviews\n * Green Cleaners Reviews\n * Earth Friendly Brands\n * Equipment & Tools Reviews\n\n### Household Hints\n\n * Household Remedies\n * Household Hints From Readers\n\n### Resources\n\n * Free Housekeeping Checklist E-Book\n * Search This Site\n\n### Stay In Touch\n\n * Out Darn Spot! 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},
{
"original_url": "http://www.momadvice.com:80/money/line_drying_clothing",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161107010058/http://www.momadvice.com:80/money/line_drying_clothing",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "The Benefits of Line Drying Your Clothing",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "The Benefits of Line Drying Your Clothing - Mom Advice\n\n * About MomAdvice\n * About Amy Clark\n * @momadvice\n * Follow on Facebook\n * Follow on Pinterest\n * Contact Us\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-Urine-Odors-on-Floors.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518174908/https://www.thriftyfun.com/Removing-Pet-Urine-Odors-on-Floors.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors",
"passages": [
"When cleaning up any cat or dog pee on the floor, never ever use ammonia. Dog and cat pee both have a high ammonia content (often cats more so than dogs) so the smell can attract your pet and cause them to keep mistaking that spot for a bathroom! Most dogs and cats can smell one tiny spot of pee with their highly developed sense of smell.",
"If it's on a wood, tile, or linoleum floor use your normal cleaner, but be sure to go over the spot several times with a paper towel first. If you use your mop to clean up a pee puddle, it will most likely be just spreading the urine and scent around which also attracts them back to where they smell the urine, to pee again. If your pet keeps coming back to the area to use it as a bathroom you will want to try a product with live enzymes to remove the smell permanently. Be sure to spot check with the product first, as it needs to sit on the area and be allowed to air dry.",
"Ask a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to see the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.",
"I have a Florida room that I keep my 4 (don't ask) little dogs in at night. The floor is tile and I have to mop the floor every day. What is the best way to mop this floor that will neutralize the smell?",
"Also, does anyone know, what is the best way to keep the dogs from \"using\" the floor of this room as their potty? They have a doggie door that takes them right to their dog pen. Should I try taking their food and water away from them at night or what?",
"I am at my wits end. I love them all but the constant cleaning is killing me. They are all adopted so I will not get rid of any of them as they are my babies.",
"The best way to teach them where you want them to go is to put some of the waste material in the area you want and then patiently train them until they understand what you want. I also have small dogs. It can take quite awhile, once they have learned bad habits.",
"The scent is what they are responding to. Dogs will tend to go where the scent indicates they have gone before. If you pick up or mop up some of the mess with paper towels and then place them outside where they should be going, it will be a good start. Show it to them right away, and remind them buy taking them out to that spot whenever you catch them going indoors. Be patient. It may seem it will never work, but in my experience they are very cooperative once they \"get it.\" Also, find the strongest odor remover you can find and use it every day indoors. If that doesn't seem to be doing it, try a very strong odor that the dogs will not appreciate, such as vinegar or ammonia. Keep the scent indoors eliminated or covered, and keep reminding them.",
"The second part of the training is to make sure you praise and reward them when they do what you want, and make absolutely certain that you do not do anything they might think of as a reward when they do what you do not want them to do. My dogs get a treat every night when I put them to bed. I make absolutely certain that they do not get this treat anytime within 15 minutes of the time I have to clean up any mess on the floor. I also give it to them immediately after I get the soiled puppy pad up and put a new one down. They are getting the idea.",
"I agree with the cage at night. It's not mean. I had a Great Dane who preferred her kennel. She would voluntarily go in to take naps. It was her special place that she could have all to herself. I agree that they are going because they smell that they've gone there before. You will have to try to get that smell out and probably seal the grout or something. And as long as they're in a room temperature area, I don't think they would have a problem with not having their food and water out at night. My dog is fed free choice because I haven't had any problem with him with weight or accidents, but I know vets sometimes recommend having a feeding schedule for your dog. My mother in law's dogs are fed at 7 am and 4 pm, water is left out all day...then at night they go to their \"bed\". They are perfectly fine.",
"The grout on your tile floors is where the residual smell remains. If you were able to totally clean it, you could, in theory, seal your grout and then the smell would be gone.",
"It sounds like this has been occuring for quite awhile, and I doubt there is a way to entirely remove the smell from the grout. The best solution is to remove the grout and re-grout the room. This is something you can do yourself if you have patience. Any home improvement store will have the necessary tools. If you are really patient, I reccommend an epoxy grout. This grout resists stains and spills much more than a regular grout and never needs to be sealed. The downside, is that it takes more time and care when grouting.",
"I have five pitbulls a pug and two chihuahuas in my house I have no children so they are my babies. I had some trouble at my old house but there is stuff that you can buy on the t.v. called urine be gone. IT WORKS GREAT since I have moved I have made it a rule to take them out about 6 times a day and leave them out for about 20 minutes each time. Now they tell me when they need to go outside. It took me about two months to perfect it but it is so worth it.",
"Agree with the poster who mentioned crating your furbabies at night; they will probably protest at first, but it sure beats mopping up urine all over the place every morning.",
"See you're from the South, too-- Publix has a really inexpensive product in the pet food aisle called Pet Select PEE-PEE; it comes in a fairly large bottle and is for odor and stain removal.",
"We picked this up--not for my dog, thank heaven-- when a friend's dog came over and puddled all over the place. Worked great!",
"Dependent upon how big that room is, I'd pick up a couple of bottles ( under $20), block the dogs' access to the floor, spread it full-strength on it so it seeps into the grout and let it sit for about a half-hour.",
"What else can you use besides Pine Sol to clean your floors to get the oil up from the dog's pee?",
"Use Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet has marked its territory and you don't want that!",
"Use Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet has marked its territory and you don't want that! It removes all stains and odors.",
"I think the stronger the clean up chemical is, it makes it smell worse. Here are three suggestions #1 After initial wipe, one part hydrogen peroxide and two parts water. Let it sit on the spot for five to ten minutes before wiping. #2 Undiluted white vinegar. Spray on and wipe.# 3 Baking soda to absorb, then wipe.",
"First scrub with cut Lemon(or Lime). Make paste of Baking Soda and Vinegar. Apply in that spot. Leave for 5 minutes. Then wipe with a wet cloth. I think that helps.",
"About 5 weeks ago I watched my son's puppy and he peed on the carpet and once on the kitchen floor, which I cleaned up. After she left my 3 year old (15#) Bichon/Maltese has been going on the kitchen spot, not every day and not all the time. She does it when we are home, but we can never catch her. We have used Dap, but it does not work. Help.",
"Try an enzymatic cleaner. Just last week I bought a bottle of OUT! Stain and Odor Remover while I was at Wal-Mart. Previously I got PetZyme from Petsmart.",
"From the back of my new bottle: -Natural pro-bacteria and enzyme solution permanently removes stains and odors -Removes pheromones that cause pets to revisit and resoil spots",
"I have three cats. One throws up from time to time, so I use enzymatic to clean up the spots. When my youngest was a kitten, he had a little pee accident on the couch. I used the enzymatic cleaner, sucked up as much as I could with my carpet cleaner, gave it all one more good spray, and let it air dry. The other cats came around and acted interested while it was drying, but once it was completely dried, I could not smell anything, and the other cats acted completely uninterested (I was so worried they'd all star peeing on that spot!).",
"So, for us, an enzymatic cleaner is the way to go. I haven't had to try the new bottle yet, but I'm hoping it performs like the stuff from Petsmart. I got it from the area where they have pet shampoos and potty training supplies. I know that there are other brands, too.",
"If the dog is going only to the uncarpeted spot in the kitchen, another thing yhou could try is sprinkling a little cayenne pepper on the spot. I know that works for cats as they do not like the smell. It may work for dogs as well. I would try that first and then try the cleaner as the other poster Mrs. Story suggested.",
"Cayenne ( or any pepper) is an irritant and very dangerous if it gets in a pet's eyes. Marg from England.",
"I have a 18 yr old cat that goes outside to pee but then poops in the tiled bathroom or hallway to the bedrooms, but my 3 yr old Smithfield heeler after we close the back doors before we go too bed if he needs to pee he uses my cats litter tray and we have not taught him this, but sometimes he may piddle on the family room tiles, I have tried everything other then the vinegar so I will try this method tonite and see how it goes, so thank u for ur tips on this problem... thank you so much",
"Because of its composition, removing pet urine stains and odors from laminate flooring may seem daunting. This is a page about cleaning pet urine stains and odors from laminate flooring.",
"Pet owners may find themselves needing to remove dog urine odors from their carpet. This is a page about cleaning dog urine odors from carpet.",
"Accidents happen, but removing urine odors from wood floors can seem like a big job. This is a page about cleaning pet urine odors from hardwood floors.",
"Removing urine stains and odors from flooring can be a challenge. This page is about cleaning pet urine stains and odors from a tile floor."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors | ThriftyFun\n\nMenu Ask a Question Share a Post Account Search\n\nsocial\n\n# Cleaning Pet Urine Odors on Floors\n\n2\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nFlag\n\nSave\n\nFollow\n\nPrint\n\nEmail\n\n### Tip: Avoid Cleaners With Ammonia to Remove Pet Urine\n\nBy Bella Blue [47 Posts, 5 Comments]\n\nApril 8, 2014\n\nWhen cleaning up any cat or dog pee on the floor, never ever use ammonia. Dog\nand cat pee both have a high ammonia content (often cats more so than dogs) so\nthe smell can attract your pet and cause them to keep mistaking that spot for\na bathroom! Most dogs and cats can smell one tiny spot of pee with their\nhighly developed sense of smell.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nIf it's on a wood, tile, or linoleum floor use your normal cleaner, but be\nsure to go over the spot several times with a paper towel first. If you use\nyour mop to clean up a pee puddle, it will most likely be just spreading the\nurine and scent around which also attracts them back to where they smell the\nurine, to pee again. If your pet keeps coming back to the area to use it as a\nbathroom you will want to try a product with live enzymes to remove the smell\npermanently. Be sure to spot check with the product first, as it needs to sit\non the area and be allowed to air dry.\n\nComment Was this helpful? 7\n\nRead More Comments\n\n## Questions\n\nAsk a QuestionHere are the questions asked by community members. Read on to\nsee the answers provided by the ThriftyFun community or ask a new question.\n\n### Question: Dogs and Tile Floors?\n\nBy JONNIE [25 Posts, 2 Comments]\n\nSeptember 21, 2005\n\nI have a Florida room that I keep my 4 (don't ask) little dogs in at night.\nThe floor is tile and I have to mop the floor every day. What is the best way\nto mop this floor that will neutralize the smell?\n\nAlso, does anyone know, what is the best way to keep the dogs from \"using\" the\nfloor of this room as their potty? They have a doggie door that takes them\nright to their dog pen. Should I try taking their food and water away from\nthem at night or what?\n\nI am at my wits end. I love them all but the constant cleaning is killing me.\nThey are all adopted so I will not get rid of any of them as they are my\nbabies.\n\nTIA Cookiepom\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Denise Roche [12 Comments]\n\nSeptember 21, 20050 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nThe best way to teach them where you want them to go is to put some of the\nwaste material in the area you want and then patiently train them until they\nunderstand what you want. I also have small dogs. It can take quite awhile,\nonce they have learned bad habits.\n\nThe scent is what they are responding to. Dogs will tend to go where the scent\nindicates they have gone before. If you pick up or mop up some of the mess\nwith paper towels and then place them outside where they should be going, it\nwill be a good start. Show it to them right away, and remind them buy taking\nthem out to that spot whenever you catch them going indoors. Be patient. It\nmay seem it will never work, but in my experience they are very cooperative\nonce they \"get it.\" Also, find the strongest odor remover you can find and use\nit every day indoors. If that doesn't seem to be doing it, try a very strong\nodor that the dogs will not appreciate, such as vinegar or ammonia. Keep the\nscent indoors eliminated or covered, and keep reminding them.\n\nThe second part of the training is to make sure you praise and reward them\nwhen they do what you want, and make absolutely certain that you do not do\nanything they might think of as a reward when they do what you do not want\nthem to do. My dogs get a treat every night when I put them to bed. I make\nabsolutely certain that they do not get this treat anytime within 15 minutes\nof the time I have to clean up any mess on the floor. I also give it to them\nimmediately after I get the soiled puppy pad up and put a new one down. They\nare getting the idea.\n\nIt is a very bad idea to withhold food and (especially) water for training\npurposes.\n\nDenise\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy JoAnn [3 Posts, 40 Comments]\n\nSeptember 22, 20050 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nI agree with the cage at night. It's not mean. I had a Great Dane who\npreferred her kennel. She would voluntarily go in to take naps. It was her\nspecial place that she could have all to herself. I agree that they are going\nbecause they smell that they've gone there before. You will have to try to get\nthat smell out and probably seal the grout or something. And as long as\nthey're in a room temperature area, I don't think they would have a problem\nwith not having their food and water out at night. My dog is fed free choice\nbecause I haven't had any problem with him with weight or accidents, but I\nknow vets sometimes recommend having a feeding schedule for your dog. My\nmother in law's dogs are fed at 7 am and 4 pm, water is left out all\nday...then at night they go to their \"bed\". They are perfectly fine.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Chelsea (Guest Post)\n\nOctober 4, 20050 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nThe grout on your tile floors is where the residual smell remains. If you were\nable to totally clean it, you could, in theory, seal your grout and then the\nsmell would be gone.\n\nI know nothing about training dogs, but I'm assume you'll have to do both.\n\nIt sounds like this has been occuring for quite awhile, and I doubt there is a\nway to entirely remove the smell from the grout. The best solution is to\nremove the grout and re-grout the room. This is something you can do yourself\nif you have patience. Any home improvement store will have the necessary\ntools. If you are really patient, I reccommend an epoxy grout. This grout\nresists stains and spills much more than a regular grout and never needs to be\nsealed. The downside, is that it takes more time and care when grouting.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy crystal (Guest Post)\n\nSeptember 17, 20060 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nI have five pitbulls a pug and two chihuahuas in my house I have no children\nso they are my babies. I had some trouble at my old house but there is stuff\nthat you can buy on the t.v. called urine be gone. IT WORKS GREAT since I have\nmoved I have made it a rule to take them out about 6 times a day and leave\nthem out for about 20 minutes each time. Now they tell me when they need to go\noutside. It took me about two months to perfect it but it is so worth it.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Candy Killion [10 Posts, 413 Comments]\n\nJuly 10, 20090 found this helpful\n\nBest Answer\n\nAgree with the poster who mentioned crating your furbabies at night; they will\nprobably protest at first, but it sure beats mopping up urine all over the\nplace every morning.\n\nSee you're from the South, too-- Publix has a really inexpensive product in\nthe pet food aisle called Pet Select PEE-PEE; it comes in a fairly large\nbottle and is for odor and stain removal.\n\nWe picked this up--not for my dog, thank heaven-- when a friend's dog came\nover and puddled all over the place. Worked great!\n\nDependent upon how big that room is, I'd pick up a couple of bottles ( under\n$20), block the dogs' access to the floor, spread it full-strength on it so it\nseeps into the grout and let it sit for about a half-hour.\n\nMop that up and then follow the bottle directions and mop again and rinse.\n\nThis stuff really is excellent and I've also used it as a stain pre-treat for\nnormal laundry!\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Question: Cleaning Up Dog Pee on Floors?\n\nBy parnellsusie [1 Post]\n\nMarch 8, 2017\n\nWhat else can you use besides Pine Sol to clean your floors to get the oil up\nfrom the dog's pee?\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Judy [648 Posts, 16,978 Comments]\n\nMarch 8, 20170 found this helpful\n\nUse Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet\nhas marked its territory and you don't want that!\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Judy [648 Posts, 16,978 Comments]\n\nMarch 8, 20170 found this helpful\n\nUse Nature's Miracle, available at pet stores, to remove the odor. Your pet\nhas marked its territory and you don't want that! It removes all stains and\nodors.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy KIM HOGGAN [97 Posts, 159 Comments]\n\nMarch 9, 20170 found this helpful\n\nI think the stronger the clean up chemical is, it makes it smell worse. Here\nare three suggestions #1 After initial wipe, one part hydrogen peroxide and\ntwo parts water. Let it sit on the spot for five to ten minutes before wiping.\n#2 Undiluted white vinegar. Spray on and wipe.# 3 Baking soda to absorb, then\nwipe.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy pandesudha [1 Comment]\n\nApril 6, 20170 found this helpful\n\nFirst scrub with cut Lemon(or Lime). Make paste of Baking Soda and Vinegar.\nApply in that spot. Leave for 5 minutes. Then wipe with a wet cloth. I think\nthat helps.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Question: Getting Rid of Dog Urine Odor on the Kitchen Floor?\n\nJanuary 10, 2011\n\nAbout 5 weeks ago I watched my son's puppy and he peed on the carpet and once\non the kitchen floor, which I cleaned up. After she left my 3 year old (15#)\nBichon/Maltese has been going on the kitchen spot, not every day and not all\nthe time. She does it when we are home, but we can never catch her. We have\nused Dap, but it does not work. Help.\n\nEileen\n\n#### Answers\n\nBy Lisa [2 Posts, 653 Comments]\n\nJanuary 10, 20111 found this helpful\n\nTry an enzymatic cleaner. Just last week I bought a bottle of OUT! Stain and\nOdor Remover while I was at Wal-Mart. Previously I got PetZyme from Petsmart.\n\nFrom the back of my new bottle: -Natural pro-bacteria and enzyme solution\npermanently removes stains and odors -Removes pheromones that cause pets to\nrevisit and resoil spots\n\nI have three cats. One throws up from time to time, so I use enzymatic to\nclean up the spots. When my youngest was a kitten, he had a little pee\naccident on the couch. I used the enzymatic cleaner, sucked up as much as I\ncould with my carpet cleaner, gave it all one more good spray, and let it air\ndry. The other cats came around and acted interested while it was drying, but\nonce it was completely dried, I could not smell anything, and the other cats\nacted completely uninterested (I was so worried they'd all star peeing on that\nspot!).\n\nSo, for us, an enzymatic cleaner is the way to go. I haven't had to try the\nnew bottle yet, but I'm hoping it performs like the stuff from Petsmart. I got\nit from the area where they have pet shampoos and potty training supplies. I\nknow that there are other brands, too.\n\nReply Was this helpful? 1\n\nBy frances [1 Post, 109 Comments]\n\nJanuary 10, 20110 found this helpful\n\nIf the dog is going only to the uncarpeted spot in the kitchen, another thing\nyhou could try is sprinkling a little cayenne pepper on the spot. I know that\nworks for cats as they do not like the smell. It may work for dogs as well. I\nwould try that first and then try the cleaner as the other poster Mrs. Story\nsuggested.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy Marg [21 Posts, 692 Comments]\n\nDecember 5, 20180 found this helpful\n\nCayenne ( or any pepper) is an irritant and very dangerous if it gets in a\npet's eyes. Marg from England.\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nBy mummatee71 [1 Comment]\n\nDecember 20, 20180 found this helpful\n\nI have a 18 yr old cat that goes outside to pee but then poops in the tiled\nbathroom or hallway to the bedrooms, but my 3 yr old Smithfield heeler after\nwe close the back doors before we go too bed if he needs to pee he uses my\ncats litter tray and we have not taught him this, but sometimes he may piddle\non the family room tiles, I have tried everything other then the vinegar so I\nwill try this method tonite and see how it goes, so thank u for ur tips on\nthis problem... thank you so much\n\nReply Was this helpful? Yes\n\nAnswer this Question\n\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors from Laminate Flooring\n\nFebruary 27, 2013\n\nBecause of its composition, removing pet urine stains and odors from laminate\nflooring may seem daunting. This is a page about cleaning pet urine stains and\nodors from laminate flooring.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 3\n\n### Cleaning Dog Urine Odors from Carpet\n\nApril 27, 2016\n\nPet owners may find themselves needing to remove dog urine odors from their\ncarpet. This is a page about cleaning dog urine odors from carpet.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 2\n\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Odor From Hardwood Floors\n\nNovember 4, 2012\n\nAccidents happen, but removing urine odors from wood floors can seem like a\nbig job. This is a page about cleaning pet urine odors from hardwood floors.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 2\n\n### Cleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors From a Tile Floor\n\nFebruary 25, 2013\n\nRemoving urine stains and odors from flooring can be a challenge. This page is\nabout cleaning pet urine stains and odors from a tile floor.\n\nRead More... Pin it! Was this helpful? 1\n\nIn This Page\n\nGetting Rid of Urine Odors\n\nCategories\n\nHome and Garden Cleaning OdorsMay 12, 2014\n\nPages\n\nCleaning Pet Urine Odor From Hardwood Floors\n\nCleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors...\n\nRemoving Smoke Odor After a House Fire\n\nCleaning Pet Urine Stains and Odors from...\n\nLocating the Source of a Foul Smell in House\n\nCleaning Dog Urine Odors from Carpet\n\nMore\n\n🎉\n\nNew Years Ideas!\n\n😷\n\nCoronavirus Tips\n\nFacebook\n\nPinterest\n\nYouTube\n\nInstagram\n\nContests!\n\nNewsletters\n\nAsk a Question\n\nShare a Post\n\nCategories\n\nBetter LivingBudget & FinanceBusiness and LegalComputersConsumer\nAdviceCoronavirusCraftsEducationEntertainmentFood and RecipesHealth &\nBeautyHolidays and PartiesHome and GardenMake Your\nOwnOrganizingParentingPetsPhotosTravel and RecreationWeddings\n\nPublished by ThriftyFun. 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},
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"original_url": "https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210518072427/https://www.petmd.com/dog/care/evr_dg_tips-for-removing-dog-urine-smell-from-carpet",
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"title": "How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell From Carpet, Hardwood Floors, and Rugs",
"passages": [
"Whether you’re practicing potty training for a new puppy or noticing accidents with an older dog, one thing is certain: that dog urine smell isn’t pleasant.",
"Accidents happen—it’s natural. Practice patience and use positive reinforcement with puppies and dogs that are being housetrained. If your dog is already potty trained but has started to have accidents, take them to the vet to see if there is a medical cause.",
"The pheromones in dog urine are part of a complex system dogs use to communicate. Pheromones teach dogs boundaries and respectable places to urinate; however, once a dog has had an accident in the house, smelling those pheromones may encourage your dog to urinate again in the same spot.",
"You may smell a foul odor, aka dog urine smell, caused by bacteria in the urine that produce ammonia. If you’re not sure exactly where the urine odor is coming from, try using a UV or black light to find the areas of urination and ensure proper cleanup.",
"Enzymatic cleaners denature (destroy) the proteins and enzymes that make up the pheromones in dog pee. This not only helps to get rid of the dog urine smell, but it also decreases the chances of your dog being a repeat offender in that same spot.",
"Products containing accelerated hydrogen peroxide can help decrease the foul odors. Use a contact time of 15 minutes for all odor and stain remover products, and test each product on a small space before using.",
"Next, soak another towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the wet spot for 15 minutes.",
"Finally, apply an enzymatic cleaner, such as Nature’s Miracle, to the spot. Leave the enzymatic cleaner on the spot for another 15 minutes.",
"If you can’t remove the smell using this method, try contacting a professional carpet cleaner or using a steam cleaning machine.",
"If the soiled item can be put into the washing machine, use an enzymatic cleaner with laundry detergent to effectively get rid of urine stains and smells.",
"For heavily soiled areas in the house, consider getting a high-quality mini wet vac. Look for the companies that include an enzymatic cleaner in their base. This will help tackle the dog urine smell and stains.",
"If name-brand products aren’t working or the space is too large, consider calling your local carpet cleaning company for assistance.",
"Troubles with potty training or chronic leaking may be a sign of a medical or behavioral concern. Frequent urination, urinary tract infections, submissive urination, and urinary incontinence are just a few of the issues that could be affecting your dog.",
"When dealing with a chronic issue, consult with your veterinarian for a potential diagnosis and treatment plan. If your veterinarian rules out medical concerns, consider consulting with a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT) to address behavior modification."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell From Carpet, Hardwood Floors, and Rugs | PetMD\n\nSkip to main content\n\n# How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell\n\nTiffany Tupler, DVM\n\nUpdated: December 09, 2020\n\nPublished: June 30, 2020\n\nShare this:\n\nWhether you’re practicing potty training for a new puppy or noticing accidents\nwith an older dog, one thing is certain: that dog urine smell isn’t pleasant.\n\nAccidents happen—it’s natural. Practice patience and use positive\nreinforcement with puppies and dogs that are being housetrained. If your dog\nis already potty trained but has started to have accidents, take them to the\nvet to see if there is a medical cause.\n\nIn the meantime, here’s how to get rid of dog pee smell around your home.\n\n## What Neutralizes Dog Urine Smell?\n\nThe pheromones in dog urine are part of a complex system dogs use to\ncommunicate. Pheromones teach dogs boundaries and respectable places to\nurinate; however, once a dog has had an accident in the house, smelling those\npheromones may encourage your dog to urinate again in the same spot.\n\nYou may smell a foul odor, aka dog urine smell, caused by bacteria in the\nurine that produce ammonia. If you’re not sure exactly where the urine odor is\ncoming from, try using a UV or black light to find the areas of urination and\nensure proper cleanup.\n\nSo what neutralizes dog urine smell and its pheromones?\n\nEnzymatic cleaners denature (destroy) the proteins and enzymes that make up\nthe pheromones in dog pee. This not only helps to get rid of the dog urine\nsmell, but it also decreases the chances of your dog being a repeat offender\nin that same spot.\n\nProducts containing accelerated hydrogen peroxide can help decrease the foul\nodors. Use a contact time of 15 minutes for all odor and stain remover\nproducts, and test each product on a small space before using.\n\n## How to Get Rid of Dog Pee Smell and Stains in Carpets and Couches\n\nFor carpets, couches, or other areas that cannot be machine-washed, follow\nthese steps:\n\n 1. First, manually soak up excess moisture with a towel.\n\n 2. Next, soak another towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the wet spot for 15 minutes.\n\n 3. After 15 minutes, blot and soak up the remaining moisture with a dry towel.\n\n 4. Finally, apply an enzymatic cleaner, such as Nature’s Miracle, to the spot. Leave the enzymatic cleaner on the spot for another 15 minutes.\n\nIf you can’t remove the smell using this method, try contacting a professional\ncarpet cleaner or using a steam cleaning machine.\n\n## How to Remove Dried Dog Urine Stains From Hardwood Floors or Carpets\n\nFor old and/or dried urine stains on hardwood floors or carpets, follow these\nsteps:\n\n 1. Soak a towel with a hydrogen peroxide-based cleaner. Leave the towel and cleaner on the stain for 15 minutes.\n\n 2. Repeat the first step using an enzymatic cleaner.\n\n## How to Get Rid of Dog Urine Smell in Rugs, Pillows, Dog Beds, and Sheets\n\nIf the soiled item can be put into the washing machine, use an enzymatic\ncleaner with laundry detergent to effectively get rid of urine stains and\nsmells.\n\nIf you still see stains along with a lingering dog urine smell, consult with a\nprofessional dry cleaning company.\n\n## How to Deal With Stains and Smells in Larger or Heavily Soiled Areas\n\nFor heavily soiled areas in the house, consider getting a high-quality mini\nwet vac. Look for the companies that include an enzymatic cleaner in their\nbase. This will help tackle the dog urine smell and stains.\n\nIf name-brand products aren’t working or the space is too large, consider\ncalling your local carpet cleaning company for assistance.\n\n### Dealing With Chronic Issues\n\nTroubles with potty training or chronic leaking may be a sign of a medical or\nbehavioral concern. Frequent urination, urinary tract infections, submissive\nurination, and urinary incontinence are just a few of the issues that could be\naffecting your dog.\n\nWhen dealing with a chronic issue, consult with your veterinarian for a\npotential diagnosis and treatment plan. If your veterinarian rules out medical\nconcerns, consider consulting with a Certified Professional Dog Trainer (CPDT)\nto address behavior modification.\n\nFeatured Image: iStock.com/harunhalici\n\n## Related Posts\n\n### Dog Surgery Aftercare FAQs\n\nDr. Christina Fernandez\n\n### Cat Surgery Aftercare FAQs\n\nDr. Tiffany Tupler\n\n### Why Is My Dog Sneezing?\n\nDr. Heather Hoffmann\n\n### Cat Nutrition: What Makes a Nutritional Cat Food?\n\nDr. Jennifer Coates\n\n## Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n## Sign up for our Newsletter\n\nCopyright @ 2020 PetMD.\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411130412/https://www.aboutcleaningproducts.com/science/ezyme-science/",
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"title": "About Cleaning Products",
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"This website is designed to inform you about Cleaning Products. The history, product types, ingredients, processes and so much more!",
"Enzymes Enzymes are long-chain proteins that serve as natural catalysts, meaning that they allow chemical reactions to occur rapidly and efficiently. The building blocks for each enzyme are the 20 naturally occurring amino acids. Enzymes are commonly used in paper processing, food manufacture, medical device cleaning, ethanol manufacture, as well as many common household cleaning processes such as laundry and dishwashing. In laundry and dishwashing, enzymes break down the basic components of stains and soils so they can be washed away more easily. Since one enzyme molecule can act on many substrate molecules (such as soils and stains), a small amount of enzyme added to a laundry detergent can provide a significant cleaning benefit to the consumer.",
"Enzyme activities are highly-specific to the types of substrates they can work on. The catalytic function of each protein is determined by its 3-dimensional structure, as well as active sites that are dedicated to the particular substrate. Enzyme proteins are only active when the specified substrate is present. The various types of actions can be categorized into specific enzyme classes. The most common enzyme types used in the Household care industry are proteases, amylases, lipase, cellulases, mannanases, and pectinases. Each type may have many variations of the same protein structure that results in different preferences for conditions for peak performance. It has been found beneficial to combine different enzyme types to improve overall stain-fighting performance. Therefore, modern detergents typically contain several enzyme activity types to ensure optimal cleaning of complex soil substrates.",
"Enzyme products are available in liquid formulations with included stabilization systems for liquid detergent applications and also as encapsulated granulates for powder detergents and soap bars.",
"Proteases Proteases accelerate the breakdown of proteins into peptides and soluble amino acids. Proteases are basic ingredients in laundry detergents and are used worldwide because of their effectiveness on common stain components, such as food, grass, and blood. Some proteases have an affinity for specific protein soils and the target stain will determine which protease should be added to a detergent formulation.",
"Amylases Amylases accelerate the breakdown of starch-based stains from foods such as such as cereals, gravies, potato and pasta dishes, etc. In laundry, amylases ensure complete removal of starch at low wash temperatures.",
"Starch is a long chained carbohydrate consisting of glucose molecules bound together by alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds. During wash, certain amylases catalyze the hydrolysis of alpha-1,4- bonds in starch, leading to the decomposition of starch into soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. Unlike starch, dextrins and oligosaccharides are easily soluble in water and are therefore easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.",
"Lipases Lipases accelerate the breakdown of tri-glycerides (lipids) into fatty acids and glycerol and are applied in laundry detergents to improve the removal of body stains on collars and cuffs and non-mineral oil and fat, such as lipstick, butter, vegetable oil, and others, from fabric surfaces.",
"Fatty material trapped inside cotton fibers can give rise to discolored spots on laundry and cannot be removed effectively at medium-to-low washing temperatures without using lipase. With lipases the trapped fatty material trapped in the cotton fibers is hydrolyzed to less hydrophobic substances which are easier to remove.",
"Cellulases Cellulases are used in laundry detergents to obtain cleaning and color care and improve overall cleanness. Cellulases also help maintain the brightness of colors on cotton fibers by reducing build-up of fuzz and pills on knitted garments that occurs due to normal wear and washing.",
"Repeated washing and wearing damages cotton fibers, resulting in areas with bristly cellulose microfibrils (“fuzz”). These microfibrils trap particulate dirt, for instance from outdoor soiling, during the wash. This prevents whites from staying white and makes colored and striped clothes look dull. Cellulases cleave off such damaged microfibrils and releases any captured dirt particles, preventing particulate soil from depositing and preventing fabric graying.",
"Not only can bristly cellulose fibers attract particulate soils during the wash, they can also make it more difficult for the other ingredients in the detergent to remove stains. Cellulases aid primary stain removal by modifying the surface of cellulosic fibers and fabrics, making it easier for the stain to come loose.",
"Mannanases Mannanases remove mannan stains. Mannanases break down mannans and effectively remove food stains containing guar gum or locust bean gum, thereby, increasing in-depth cleaning by removing the adhesive mannan. Incomplete removal of these types of stains may result in fabric graying.",
"Mannans or galactomannans are polysaccharides consisting of a mannose backbone linked together by b-1,4-linkages with side-chains of galactose attached to the backbone by α-1,6 linkages.",
"During wash, Mannaway cleaves the b-1,4-linkages of mannans through hydrolysis, thus breaking down the gum polymer into smaller, more water- soluble carbohydrate fragments that can be siphoned out of the washing machine during the spin cycle.",
"Pectinases Pectinases degrade pectin, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of α-1-4 linked polygalacturonic acid residues with varying side chain branching. During wash, pectinases alter the pectin structure by breaking the pectin backbone, and making them easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.",
"Pectinases can provide unique stain removal benefits on a wide range of pectin based stains from fresh fruits, such as tomatoes, oranges, bananas and berries. Extracted pectin is used in various processed foods, such as tomato sauces, jams, jellies, low-fat dairy products, and can cause the same type of staining potential in clothes.",
"Pectins are a family of complex polysaccharides that contain 1,4-linked α-D- galactosyluronic acid residues and are contained in the primary cell walls of terrestrial plants. Pectinases, catalyze the eliminative cleavage of (1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-D- galact-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. This means that pectinases cleave the pectin into smaller molecular fragments to make it easier to remove during wash.",
"Many of the pectin-based stains, such as those from jams, jellies, berries, and processed tomato, are in general difficult to remove and bleach only masks these stains, thus increasing the risk of soil redeposition. Pectinases fully remove the stains by degrading the pectin, ensuring that clothes are really clean.",
"Production methods Enzymes were initially produced by extraction from glands of various animals; however, modern enzyme production is done through fermentation of various fungi and bacteria. The steps for production are fermentation, recovery, and standardization. Protein engineering and genetic modification of the production organism are employed in the industry to maximize the performance of the enzymes in conditions that may not be typically conducive, and improve production yields in the manufacturing process.",
"Fermentation to produce industrial enzymes starts with a vial of dried or frozen microorganisms called a production strain. This production strain is selected to produce large amounts of the enzyme(s) of interest.",
"Through multiples fermentation steps, where the microorganism is kept at optimal pH, temperature, and nutrient conditions, the desired amount of enzyme is produced. When the main fermentation is complete, the mixture of cells, nutrients, and enzymes, referred to as the broth, is ready for filtration and purification.",
"Following fermentation is the recovery step. A recovery process typically consists of a pretreatment followed by a primary separation of the enzyme from the biomass. Afterwards, the enzyme is concentrated by removal of water, and unwanted impurities are removed in a purification step.",
"Following recovery is a formulation or standardization step. Although much effort focuses on finding the right enzyme molecules for a given application, formulation plays a big role in the final use and success of the product. A new enzyme molecule with excellent performance can fail in the market if the enzyme is not stable during transportation and storage. The right formulation can remove these shortcomings, and the importance of having the right formulation should not therefore be underestimated.",
"The enzyme industry can cover a wide range of enzyme formulations, ranging from liquid products and various forms of solid products to immobilized enzymes.",
"Common formulations for the detergent industry are: Granulates – dust-free handling Granulates are considered the industry standard for the detergent industry and the formulations against which all other producers measure themselves. They are produced using a unique combination of high-shear granulation and various coating technologies. This results in an effective encapsulation of the enzyme, which isolates it from the environment until the moment the detergent product is dissolved into the washing solution. In addition to ensuring optimal stability of the enzyme while being stored within the detergent, the granulate form also prevents undesired exposures.",
"Most detergent enzymes are available in a liquid formulation. A liquid product is typically formulated and thus stabilized with polyols, sugars, and/or salts.",
"The key quality parameters for solid products are typically low dust, particle size, and stability of the enzyme activity. For liquid products, the enzymatic, physical, and microbial stabilities are the three main focus points in the product development.",
"Sustainable Solution Enzymes are an excellent solution for improving the sustainability profile of detergents. Since one globular enzyme protein is able to work on many molecules of substrate, small amounts of enzymes can offset larger amounts of conventional chemical ingredients. Modern formulas now take advantage of this benefit, typically incorporating more types of enzymes which allow some reduction in the amounts of other ingredients. In addition to high cleaning performance, consumers also benefit with more- compact products, and therefore reduced environmental impact.",
"This has benefited consumers by allowing the formulation of milder (and safer) detergent products. Related to this, many new “cold wash” products on the market rely on enzymes to provide good cleaning performance at lower washing temperatures, again providing environmental and economic benefits without sacrificing cleaning performance.",
"There is no standard formula for what amount of enzyme is required to improve the cleaning potential of a detergent or to substitute any other more harmful ingredients. However, that can be determined with the assistance of an enzyme manufacturer.",
"Increasing the sustainability profile of enzyme products, is the fact that they are naturally occurring and not derived from petroleum based ingredients.",
"Health and Safety Through many years of testing it has been proven that enzymes have a very safe toxicological profile, lending to their sustainability profile. Enzymes are not mutagenic and not clastogenic. They are not reproductive or developmental toxins and have a low toxicity to aquatic systems.",
"As mentioned previously, enzymes have the potential to cause inhalation allergy in the occupational setting. This would occur only when the enzyme product is not handled appropriately, and if appropriate personal protective equipment is not employed. Enzyme manufacturers are able to guide formulators on what type of equipment should be used and how best to avoid exposures that may have negative effects. In addition, cleaning product formulators are strongly recommended to incorporate enzyme safety programs as part of their overall industrial hygiene programs in order to avoid any risks in their manufacturing plants. Responsible enzyme manufacturers should provide their customers with assistance in developing their enzyme safety handeling programs as well as guidance in evaluating safety of end-use products."
]
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"parsed_md": "Enzyme Science | About Cleaning Products\n\nThis website is designed to inform you about Cleaning Products. The history,\nproduct types, ingredients, processes and so much more!\n\n * About Cleaning Products\n\n * Our Purpose\n * Contact Us\n * Types\n\n * Kitchens\n * Bathrooms\n * Laundry\n * Living Areas\n * Ingredients\n\n * Acids & Bases\n * Bleaches\n * Enzymes\n * Surfactants\n * Solvents\n * Chelants\n * Preservatives\n * Biological Technology\n * Process\n\n * Math Behind Cleaning\n * Chemical Energy\n * A Cleaning Solution\n * Green Cleaning\n\n * What is Green Cleaning?\n * Is Green More Clean?\n * What To Look For\n * Home-Made Alternative Mixtures\n * Education\n\n * Cleaning Trivia\n * Fact vs. Fiction\n * Glossary\n * Reading A Label\n * Science\n\n * Review Papers\n * Product Testing\n * Enzyme Science\n * Microorganisms\n * Chelant Science\n * Bleach Science\n * Solvent Science\n * Surfactant Science\n * Links & Additional Information\n\n * News\n * Additional Material\n * Web Links\n\n * Review Papers\n * Product Testing\n * Enzyme Science\n * Microorganisms\n * Solvent Science\n * Surfactant Science\n * Chelant Science\n * Bleach Science\n\n## Enzyme Science\n\nEnzymes Enzymes are long-chain proteins that serve as natural catalysts,\nmeaning that they allow chemical reactions to occur rapidly and efficiently.\nThe building blocks for each enzyme are the 20 naturally occurring amino\nacids. Enzymes are commonly used in paper processing, food manufacture,\nmedical device cleaning, ethanol manufacture, as well as many common household\ncleaning processes such as laundry and dishwashing. In laundry and\ndishwashing, enzymes break down the basic components of stains and soils so\nthey can be washed away more easily. Since one enzyme molecule can act on many\nsubstrate molecules (such as soils and stains), a small amount of enzyme added\nto a laundry detergent can provide a significant cleaning benefit to the\nconsumer.\n\nEnzyme activities are highly-specific to the types of substrates they can work\non. The catalytic function of each protein is determined by its 3-dimensional\nstructure, as well as active sites that are dedicated to the particular\nsubstrate. Enzyme proteins are only active when the specified substrate is\npresent. The various types of actions can be categorized into specific enzyme\nclasses. The most common enzyme types used in the Household care industry are\nproteases, amylases, lipase, cellulases, mannanases, and pectinases. Each type\nmay have many variations of the same protein structure that results in\ndifferent preferences for conditions for peak performance. It has been found\nbeneficial to combine different enzyme types to improve overall stain-fighting\nperformance. Therefore, modern detergents typically contain several enzyme\nactivity types to ensure optimal cleaning of complex soil substrates.\n\nEnzyme products are available in liquid formulations with included\nstabilization systems for liquid detergent applications and also as\nencapsulated granulates for powder detergents and soap bars.\n\nProteases Proteases accelerate the breakdown of proteins into peptides and\nsoluble amino acids. Proteases are basic ingredients in laundry detergents and\nare used worldwide because of their effectiveness on common stain components,\nsuch as food, grass, and blood. Some proteases have an affinity for specific\nprotein soils and the target stain will determine which protease should be\nadded to a detergent formulation.\n\nAmylases Amylases accelerate the breakdown of starch-based stains from foods\nsuch as such as cereals, gravies, potato and pasta dishes, etc. In laundry,\namylases ensure complete removal of starch at low wash temperatures.\n\nStarch is a long chained carbohydrate consisting of glucose molecules bound\ntogether by alpha-1,4-glycosidic bonds. During wash, certain amylases catalyze\nthe hydrolysis of alpha-1,4- bonds in starch, leading to the decomposition of\nstarch into soluble dextrins and oligosaccharides. Unlike starch, dextrins and\noligosaccharides are easily soluble in water and are therefore easier to\nremove from the fabrics during wash.\n\nLipases Lipases accelerate the breakdown of tri-glycerides (lipids) into fatty\nacids and glycerol and are applied in laundry detergents to improve the\nremoval of body stains on collars and cuffs and non-mineral oil and fat, such\nas lipstick, butter, vegetable oil, and others, from fabric surfaces.\n\nFatty material trapped inside cotton fibers can give rise to discolored spots\non laundry and cannot be removed effectively at medium-to-low washing\ntemperatures without using lipase. With lipases the trapped fatty material\ntrapped in the cotton fibers is hydrolyzed to less hydrophobic substances\nwhich are easier to remove.\n\nCellulases Cellulases are used in laundry detergents to obtain cleaning and\ncolor care and improve overall cleanness. Cellulases also help maintain the\nbrightness of colors on cotton fibers by reducing build-up of fuzz and pills\non knitted garments that occurs due to normal wear and washing.\n\nRepeated washing and wearing damages cotton fibers, resulting in areas with\nbristly cellulose microfibrils (“fuzz”). These microfibrils trap particulate\ndirt, for instance from outdoor soiling, during the wash. This prevents whites\nfrom staying white and makes colored and striped clothes look dull. Cellulases\ncleave off such damaged microfibrils and releases any captured dirt particles,\npreventing particulate soil from depositing and preventing fabric graying.\n\nNot only can bristly cellulose fibers attract particulate soils during the\nwash, they can also make it more difficult for the other ingredients in the\ndetergent to remove stains. Cellulases aid primary stain removal by modifying\nthe surface of cellulosic fibers and fabrics, making it easier for the stain\nto come loose.\n\nCutting off fibrils that bind particulate soils also helps rejuvenate clothes,\nmaking them appear whiter and newer.\n\nMannanases Mannanases remove mannan stains. Mannanases break down mannans and\neffectively remove food stains containing guar gum or locust bean gum,\nthereby, increasing in-depth cleaning by removing the adhesive mannan.\nIncomplete removal of these types of stains may result in fabric graying.\n\nMannans or galactomannans are polysaccharides consisting of a mannose backbone\nlinked together by b-1,4-linkages with side-chains of galactose attached to\nthe backbone by α-1,6 linkages.\n\nDuring wash, Mannaway cleaves the b-1,4-linkages of mannans through\nhydrolysis, thus breaking down the gum polymer into smaller, more water-\nsoluble carbohydrate fragments that can be siphoned out of the washing machine\nduring the spin cycle.\n\nPectinases Pectinases degrade pectin, a polysaccharide consisting mainly of\nα-1-4 linked polygalacturonic acid residues with varying side chain branching.\nDuring wash, pectinases alter the pectin structure by breaking the pectin\nbackbone, and making them easier to remove from the fabrics during wash.\n\nPectinases can provide unique stain removal benefits on a wide range of pectin\nbased stains from fresh fruits, such as tomatoes, oranges, bananas and\nberries. Extracted pectin is used in various processed foods, such as tomato\nsauces, jams, jellies, low-fat dairy products, and can cause the same type of\nstaining potential in clothes.\n\nPectins are a family of complex polysaccharides that contain 1,4-linked α-D-\ngalactosyluronic acid residues and are contained in the primary cell walls of\nterrestrial plants. Pectinases, catalyze the eliminative cleavage of\n(1->4)-alpha-D-galacturonan to give oligosaccharides with 4-deoxy-alpha-D-\ngalact-4-enuronosyl groups at their non-reducing ends. This means that\npectinases cleave the pectin into smaller molecular fragments to make it\neasier to remove during wash.\n\nMany of the pectin-based stains, such as those from jams, jellies, berries,\nand processed tomato, are in general difficult to remove and bleach only masks\nthese stains, thus increasing the risk of soil redeposition. Pectinases fully\nremove the stains by degrading the pectin, ensuring that clothes are really\nclean.\n\nProduction methods Enzymes were initially produced by extraction from glands\nof various animals; however, modern enzyme production is done through\nfermentation of various fungi and bacteria. The steps for production are\nfermentation, recovery, and standardization. Protein engineering and genetic\nmodification of the production organism are employed in the industry to\nmaximize the performance of the enzymes in conditions that may not be\ntypically conducive, and improve production yields in the manufacturing\nprocess.\n\nFermentation to produce industrial enzymes starts with a vial of dried or\nfrozen microorganisms called a production strain. This production strain is\nselected to produce large amounts of the enzyme(s) of interest.\n\nThrough multiples fermentation steps, where the microorganism is kept at\noptimal pH, temperature, and nutrient conditions, the desired amount of enzyme\nis produced. When the main fermentation is complete, the mixture of cells,\nnutrients, and enzymes, referred to as the broth, is ready for filtration and\npurification.\n\nFollowing fermentation is the recovery step. A recovery process typically\nconsists of a pretreatment followed by a primary separation of the enzyme from\nthe biomass. Afterwards, the enzyme is concentrated by removal of water, and\nunwanted impurities are removed in a purification step.\n\nFollowing recovery is a formulation or standardization step. Although much\neffort focuses on finding the right enzyme molecules for a given application,\nformulation plays a big role in the final use and success of the product. A\nnew enzyme molecule with excellent performance can fail in the market if the\nenzyme is not stable during transportation and storage. The right formulation\ncan remove these shortcomings, and the importance of having the right\nformulation should not therefore be underestimated.\n\nThe enzyme industry can cover a wide range of enzyme formulations, ranging\nfrom liquid products and various forms of solid products to immobilized\nenzymes.\n\nCommon formulations for the detergent industry are: Granulates – dust-free\nhandling Granulates are considered the industry standard for the detergent\nindustry and the formulations against which all other producers measure\nthemselves. They are produced using a unique combination of high-shear\ngranulation and various coating technologies. This results in an effective\nencapsulation of the enzyme, which isolates it from the environment until the\nmoment the detergent product is dissolved into the washing solution. In\naddition to ensuring optimal stability of the enzyme while being stored within\nthe detergent, the granulate form also prevents undesired exposures.\n\nLiquid formulations – convenient to handle on both small and large scale\n\nMost detergent enzymes are available in a liquid formulation. A liquid product\nis typically formulated and thus stabilized with polyols, sugars, and/or\nsalts.\n\nThe key quality parameters for solid products are typically low dust, particle\nsize, and stability of the enzyme activity. For liquid products, the\nenzymatic, physical, and microbial stabilities are the three main focus points\nin the product development.\n\nSustainable Solution Enzymes are an excellent solution for improving the\nsustainability profile of detergents. Since one globular enzyme protein is\nable to work on many molecules of substrate, small amounts of enzymes can\noffset larger amounts of conventional chemical ingredients. Modern formulas\nnow take advantage of this benefit, typically incorporating more types of\nenzymes which allow some reduction in the amounts of other ingredients. In\naddition to high cleaning performance, consumers also benefit with more-\ncompact products, and therefore reduced environmental impact.\n\nEnzymes are stable at moderate pH and temperature.\n\nThis has benefited consumers by allowing the formulation of milder (and safer)\ndetergent products. Related to this, many new “cold wash” products on the\nmarket rely on enzymes to provide good cleaning performance at lower washing\ntemperatures, again providing environmental and economic benefits without\nsacrificing cleaning performance.\n\nThere is no standard formula for what amount of enzyme is required to improve\nthe cleaning potential of a detergent or to substitute any other more harmful\ningredients. However, that can be determined with the assistance of an enzyme\nmanufacturer.\n\nIncreasing the sustainability profile of enzyme products, is the fact that\nthey are naturally occurring and not derived from petroleum based ingredients.\n\nHealth and Safety Through many years of testing it has been proven that\nenzymes have a very safe toxicological profile, lending to their\nsustainability profile. Enzymes are not mutagenic and not clastogenic. They\nare not reproductive or developmental toxins and have a low toxicity to\naquatic systems.\n\nAs mentioned previously, enzymes have the potential to cause inhalation\nallergy in the occupational setting. This would occur only when the enzyme\nproduct is not handled appropriately, and if appropriate personal protective\nequipment is not employed. Enzyme manufacturers are able to guide formulators\non what type of equipment should be used and how best to avoid exposures that\nmay have negative effects. In addition, cleaning product formulators are\nstrongly recommended to incorporate enzyme safety programs as part of their\noverall industrial hygiene programs in order to avoid any risks in their\nmanufacturing plants. Responsible enzyme manufacturers should provide their\ncustomers with assistance in developing their enzyme safety handeling programs\nas well as guidance in evaluating safety of end-use products.\n\n### About\n\n * Our Purpose\n * Contact Us\n\n### Types\n\n * Kitchens\n * Bathrooms\n * Laundry\n * Living Areas\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * Acids & Bases\n * Bleaches\n * Enzymes\n * Surfactants\n * Solvents\n * Chelants\n * Preservatives\n * Biological Technology\n\n### Process\n\n * Math Behind Cleaning\n * Chemical Energy\n * A Cleaning Solution\n\n### Green Cleaning\n\n * What is Green Cleaning?\n * Is Green More Clean?\n * What To Look For\n * Home-Made Alternative Mixtures\n\n### Education\n\n * Cleaning Trivia\n * Fact vs. Fiction\n * Web Links\n * Glossary\n * Reading A Label\n\n### Science\n\n * Review Papers\n * Product Testing\n * Microorganisms\n * Enzyme Science\n * Chelant Science\n * Bleach Science\n * Solvent Science\n * Surfactant Science\n\n### Media\n\n * News\n * Additional Material\n * Web Links\n\n* © 2012 AboutCleaningProducts.com All Rights Reserved\n\n"
}
] |
162,291 | How To Make a Loose Tooth Fall Out Without Pulling It | If you have a loose tooth, there are a few ways to make it fall out without pulling it. Try wiggling your tooth with your tongue to see if you can loosen it. Alternatively, brush your teeth to loosen your tooth. You might also try eating crunchy foods, like apples or pears, to help your tooth fall out. Just be careful you don’t bite down onto your loose tooth! If your tooth doesn’t come out on its own right away, don’t worry, it will eventually. However, if your tooth is causing you pain, see your dentist for treatment. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211031121713/https://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-lifestyle/childrens-health/expert-answers/baby-teeth/faq-20058532",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160419193710/http://www.mayoclinic.org/healthy-living/adult-health/expert-answers/brushing-your-teeth/faq-20058193",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210927211146/https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210306163804/https://www.hog.org/handbook/article/5/40/baby-teeth",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211101013001/https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171003092744/http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133"
] | train | 2,174 | [
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"original_url": "https://www.deltadentalins.com/oral_health/toothache.html",
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"title": "What causes a toothache?",
"passages": [
"Toothache pain is the worst. You can’t see it, it doesn’t go away on its own and you can’t massage it like a muscle knot. It’s also a loud indicator of a serious problem that requires immediate attention from a dentist.",
"Most toothaches are the result of tooth decay, which means you probably have the result of that tooth decay or advanced gum disease. The pain you feel – usually when you eat or drink something sweet, very hot or very cold – is an alarm bell telling you that the pulp is irritated. The pulp is the inside of your tooth, where the tissue and nerves are located, so if something is wrong with the pulp, you’ll feel it in the entire tooth.",
"A thorough oral exam is the best way to find out why you’re experiencing a toothache, but generally the reasons fall under one of these causes:",
"It’s important to pay attention to little things that might seem “off” with your teeth and the inside of your mouth.",
"For example, you might have an abscess, which means that pus has collected around the tooth root. Pus can be a sign of a bacterial infection, especially if it’s accompanied by tissue inflammation, bleeding gums and bone loss around the tooth. In either case, you should see your dentist as soon as possible.",
"While an abscess means you should visit your dentist, any of the following means you might need to visit the emergency room:",
"One overlooked issue related to toothaches is the presence of sepsis, which is when your body goes overboard in fighting an infection. If sepsis develops and is left untreated, it can kill you. Nearly 2,000 people a year are hospitalized with it, and it nearly always develops from a treatable bacterial infection. If you have a toothache, you need to get it examined. It’s too risky to bet that it won’t develop into a life-threatening condition like sepsis.",
"The body manifests pain in many ways, and in some cases, what seems to be a simple toothache isn’t one at all. Rather, the pain is a symptom of another problem. Extreme stress, prior traumas, heart conditions and even some forms of cancer can present pain in the mouth that appears to have no cause.",
"Do you have a cold or severe allergies? These can cause sinus pressure, which can also put pressure on the roots of your upper molars, leading to tooth pain. Talk with your doctor to see if an antihistamine might help relieve the pressure. If the pain doesn’t go away, see your dentist.",
"Also, if you suffer from chronic pain, migraines, limb movement disorders or similar problems, you should tell your dentist so he or she can better locate the source of your pain.",
"The words you use to describe your pain are important, too. The following words often describe types of pain that don’t originate in the mouth, so your dentist will probably ask for more details to help eliminate all known causes:",
"The most important thing to remember is that pain in your mouth is not normal. If your tooth hurts and something feels wrong, go to your dentist. Hopefully, it’s something minor that can easily be treated, but it’s not worth taking a risk that could endanger your health."
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"parsed_md": "What causes a toothache? - Delta Dental\n\nSkip to page content\n\n * Shop for Insurance\n * Enrollees\n * Dentists\n * Employers\n * Administrators\n * Brokers\n\n * About Us\n * Legal Notices\n * Contact Us\n * Delta Dental en Español\n\n## Your Location\n\n * Oral Health Home\n\n * Articles\n\n# What causes a toothache?\n\nToothache pain is the worst. You can’t see it, it doesn’t go away on its own\nand you can’t massage it like a muscle knot. It’s also a loud indicator of a\nserious problem that requires immediate attention from a dentist.\n\nMost toothaches are the result of tooth decay, which means you probably have\nthe result of that tooth decay or advanced gum disease. The pain you feel –\nusually when you eat or drink something sweet, very hot or very cold – is an\nalarm bell telling you that the pulp is irritated. The pulp is the inside of\nyour tooth, where the tissue and nerves are located, so if something is wrong\nwith the pulp, you’ll feel it in the entire tooth.\n\n## What causes a toothache?\n\nA thorough oral exam is the best way to find out why you’re experiencing a\ntoothache, but generally the reasons fall under one of these causes:\n\n * Infection\n * Gum disease\n * Grinding teeth (bruxism)\n * Tooth trauma\n * An abnormal bite\n * Tooth eruption (in babies and school-age children)\n\n## What are the symptoms that come with a toothache?\n\nIt’s important to pay attention to little things that might seem “off” with\nyour teeth and the inside of your mouth.\n\nFor example, you might have an abscess, which means that pus has collected\naround the tooth root. Pus can be a sign of a bacterial infection, especially\nif it’s accompanied by tissue inflammation, bleeding gums and bone loss around\nthe tooth. In either case, you should see your dentist as soon as possible.\n\nWhile an abscess means you should visit your dentist, any of the following\nmeans you might need to visit the emergency room:\n\n * Fever\n * Pain when you bite\n * A foul-tasting discharge\n * Difficulty breathing or swallowing\n * Swelling around the tooth area\n * Continuous pain that doesn’t end (not just when you eat or drink something)\n\nOne overlooked issue related to toothaches is the presence of sepsis, which is\nwhen your body goes overboard in fighting an infection. If sepsis develops and\nis left untreated, it can kill you. Nearly 2,000 people a year are\nhospitalized with it, and it nearly always develops from a treatable bacterial\ninfection. If you have a toothache, you need to get it examined. It’s too\nrisky to bet that it won’t develop into a life-threatening condition like\nsepsis.\n\n## My dentist says there’s nothing wrong with my jaw or teeth. What’s my\nproblem?\n\nThe body manifests pain in many ways, and in some cases, what seems to be a\nsimple toothache isn’t one at all. Rather, the pain is a symptom of another\nproblem. Extreme stress, prior traumas, heart conditions and even some forms\nof cancer can present pain in the mouth that appears to have no cause.\n\nDo you have a cold or severe allergies? These can cause sinus pressure, which\ncan also put pressure on the roots of your upper molars, leading to tooth\npain. Talk with your doctor to see if an antihistamine might help relieve the\npressure. If the pain doesn’t go away, see your dentist.\n\nAlso, if you suffer from chronic pain, migraines, limb movement disorders or\nsimilar problems, you should tell your dentist so he or she can better locate\nthe source of your pain.\n\nThe words you use to describe your pain are important, too. The following\nwords often describe types of pain that don’t originate in the mouth, so your\ndentist will probably ask for more details to help eliminate all known causes:\n\n * Burning\n * Tingling\n * Electric\n * Searing\n * Stabbing\n * Numb\n\nYour dentist will probably ask how long you’ve been feeling the pain, so try\nto keep notes for reference.\n\nThe most important thing to remember is that pain in your mouth is not normal.\nIf your tooth hurts and something feels wrong, go to your dentist. Hopefully,\nit’s something minor that can easily be treated, but it’s not worth taking a\nrisk that could endanger your health.\n\n## Related reading:\n\n * How toothaches can kill\n * Answers about root canal treatment\n * What medication can mean for your mouth\n * 5 medical conditions that can harm your mouth\n\nLast updated: June 2018\n\n## Oral Health Topics\n\n * Emergency Care\n * Kids and Teens\n * Healthy Aging\n * Nutrition\n * Mouth-Body Connection\n * Preventive Care\n * Conditions\n * Dental Treatments\n\n## Resources\n\n * Glossary of Dental Terms\n * Glossary of Insurance Terms\n\nOral Health Booklet\n\n A collection of our top oral health tips in a printer-friendly file.\n\n## Stay Informed\n\nSubscribe to our Wellness E-Magazine\n\nCheck out the latest issue\n\nRead back issues\n\n## Shortcuts\n\n### Delta Dental Insurance for\n\n * Individuals\n * Dentists\n * Employers\n * Administrators\n * Brokers\n\n### Corporate Information\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Privacy and Security\n * Legal Notices\n * Contact Us\n\n© Delta Dental. This website is the home of Delta Dental of California; Delta\nDental Insurance Company; Delta Dental of Pennsylvania; Delta Dental of New\nYork, Inc.; Delta Dental of the District of Columbia; Delta Dental of\nDelaware, Inc.; Delta Dental of West Virginia, Inc. and their affiliated\ncompanies. For other Delta Dental Plans Association member companies, visit\nthe Delta Dental Plans Association website.\n\n"
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"title": "Baby Teeth > Dental Care > Staying Healthy > HoG Handbook > Hemophilia of Georgia",
"passages": [
"Baby teeth, the ones you first get as a child, are very important. They make the way for your permanent (adult) teeth. Taking care of baby teeth will help prevent bleeding, especially when a child is getting a new tooth or has just lost one.",
"Baby teeth usually start to fall out around age six. Most people have 20 baby teeth and 32 permanent teeth.",
"Baby teeth are needed for chewing and learning to talk. Since they hold the space for your permanent teeth, they should be allowed to fall out on their own. They should be cared for just as carefully as permanent teeth.",
"Parents should try to keep a child from playing with a loose tooth. Wiggling a tooth that is not ready to come out may hurt the gums and cause bleeding.",
"Don't put a baby to bed with a bottle, especially one that has milk or juice. Not only could the baby choke, but the sugar in the milk or juice will rot the baby's teeth.",
"If the bleeding goes on for longer than two hours, call the HTC for advice. A child with hemophilia should be given factor.",
"Hemophilia of Georgia exists so that people affected by bleeding disorders live as normally and productively as possible. See our Terms of Use",
"Hemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not endorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol. HoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any course of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments or therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no claim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.",
"Hemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not endorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol. HoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any course of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments or therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no claim as to its accuracy or effectiveness."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Baby Teeth > Dental Care > Staying Healthy > HoG Handbook > Hemophilia of\nGeorgia\n\nSkip to content\n\nDONATE\n\n * search\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Vimeo\n * Linkedin\n * DONATE\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\n(770) 518-8272phone (770) 518-3310fax\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\nmenu\n\n * Intro\n * The Basics\n * Genetics\n * Treatment\n * Complications\n * Staying Healthy\n * Staying Healthy\n * Feelings & Reactions\n * Feelings & Reactions\n * Money Matters\n * Money Matters\n\n * Home\n * Staying Healthy\n * Dental Care\n\n# Staying Healthy\n\n * Taking Charge of Your Health\n * What I Need to Know\n * Things to do to Prevent Problems\n * Medical Identification\n * Physical Therapy and Exercise\n * How to Exercise\n * Dental Care\n * Brushing and Flossing\n * Baby Teeth\n * Medical Treatments Under The Skin\n * Shots into Muscles\n * Surgery\n * Taking Medicine\n * Types of Medicine\n * Nutrition\n * My Plate\n * Staying at a Healthy Weight\n * Managing Stress\n * Avoiding Stress Overload\n * Ways to Relax\n * Children and Stress\n * Travel\n * Sports and Recreation\n * Bleeding Disorder Camps\n * Safety Issues\n * Babysitters\n\n## Baby Teeth\n\nChange language to Español\n\nshare\n\nBaby teeth, the ones you first get as a child, are very important. They make\nthe way for your permanent (adult) teeth. Taking care of baby teeth will help\nprevent bleeding, especially when a child is getting a new tooth or has just\nlost one.\n\nWhat you should know:\n\n * Baby teeth usually start to fall out around age six. Most people have 20 baby teeth and 32 permanent teeth.\n * Baby teeth are needed for chewing and learning to talk. Since they hold the space for your permanent teeth, they should be allowed to fall out on their own. They should be cared for just as carefully as permanent teeth.\n * Parents should try to keep a child from playing with a loose tooth. Wiggling a tooth that is not ready to come out may hurt the gums and cause bleeding.\n * Don't put a baby to bed with a bottle, especially one that has milk or juice. Not only could the baby choke, but the sugar in the milk or juice will rot the baby's teeth.\n * Most dentists say that a child should have his or her first check-up at age two.\n\n### How to have less bleeding when a child loses a tooth:\n\nHave the child bite down on a rolled-up piece of cotton gauze.\n\n * Don't let the child rinse his mouth.\n * Give the child only soft foods to eat for a couple of days.\n * If the bleeding goes on for longer than two hours, call the HTC for advice. A child with hemophilia should be given factor.\n\n### How to have less bleeding when a new tooth is coming in (cutting a new\ntooth):\n\n * Tell the child to chew on the other side of his mouth.\n * Give the child only soft foods to eat for several days.\n * Don't brush over the new tooth when there is bleeding.\n\nPRINTER FRIENDLY VERSION\n\n### Staying Healthy\n\n * Taking Charge of Your Health\n * What I Need to Know\n * Things to do to Prevent Problems\n * Medical Identification\n * Physical Therapy and Exercise\n * How to Exercise\n * Dental Care\n * Brushing and Flossing\n * Baby Teeth\n * Medical Treatments Under The Skin\n * Shots into Muscles\n * Surgery\n * Taking Medicine\n * Types of Medicine\n * Nutrition\n * My Plate\n * Staying at a Healthy Weight\n * Managing Stress\n * Avoiding Stress Overload\n * Ways to Relax\n * Children and Stress\n * Travel\n * Sports and Recreation\n * Bleeding Disorder Camps\n * Safety Issues\n * Babysitters\n\n### HoG Handbook\n\n * Intro\n * The Basics\n * Genetics\n * Treatment\n * Complications\n * Staying Healthy\n * Feelings and Reactions\n * Money Matters\n\nreturn to hog.org\n\nIt takes more than medicine...\n\n * Contact\n * My HoG\n * FAQ\n * Blog\n\n * Contact\n * My HoG\n * FAQ\n * Blog\n\nHemophilia of Georgia exists so that people affected by bleeding disorders\nlive as normally and productively as possible. See our Terms of Use\n\nHemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not\nendorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol.\nHoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any\ncourse of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments\nor therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no\nclaim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\n\n * Facebook\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Vimeo\n * Linkedin\n\n(770) 518-8272 phone\n\n(770) 518-3310 fax\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\n8607 Roberts Drive, Suite 150 Sandy Springs, GA 30350-2237\n\nHemophilia of Georgia is not engaged in the practice of medicine and does not\nendorse or support any particular factor concentrate or treatment protocol.\nHoG recommends that you consult with your physician prior to starting any\ncourse of therapy. Occasionally HoG disseminates information on new treatments\nor therapies. HoG shares this for informational purposes only and makes no\nclaim as to its accuracy or effectiveness.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211101013001/https://www.mouthhealthy.org/en/az-topics/d/dental-emergencies",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "American Dental Association",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Dental Emergency - American Dental Association\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171003092744/http://oralhealth.deltadental.com/Child/Child/22,delta133",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Calling All Tooth Fairies: What to Do When Your Child’s Tooth Is Loose",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "Delta Dental | Calling All Tooth Fairies: What to Do When Your Child’s Tooth\nIs Loose\n\n"
}
] |
10,164,115 | How To Get the Wet Hair Look | If you want to get the wet hair look, wet your hair, then blow dry it or let it air dry until it’s just damp. Spritz your hair all over with sea salt spray to create waves, and add a frizz control product if your hair tends to have flyaways. If your hair is very straight, apply a generous amount of styling wax through your roots, and finish off the ends with gel. If you have dry, curly hair, use hair styling wax without using any gel for waves, or gel only if you’d prefer wet curls. You can also comb pomade through your hair to create a wet look. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170727212745/http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20181030100740/http://stylecaster.com:80/beauty/how-to-do-wet-hair-look/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190611110017/https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190616120832/https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180201150743/http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804031152/https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html"
] | train | 1,794 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170727212745/http://www.shefinds.com:80/how-to-recreate-kim-kardashians-wet-hair-look-in-6-simple-steps/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Do Kim Kardashian Wet Hair Look",
"passages": [
"There’s something so chic and effortlessly cool about this season’s wet hair trend–especially when you pair it with the fanciest dress or outfit in your closet, a la Kim Kardashian. But, no matter how captivating the I-woke-up- like-this look is, the cold-hard truth is no, you can’t achieve this hair simply by washing it and walking out the door. Attempt that kind of madness and you’ll only be rewarded with dry, frizzy locks a few hours later.",
"That’s why we enlisted the help of Ruth Roche, global artistic ambassador for Pureology Serious Colour Care, to set us straight on the path to the wet hair look we’re all coveting this fall. Here are Roche’s 6 steps to achieving Kim Kardashian’s sexy wet hair look.",
"1. Think damp, not wet. “After shampooing, squeeze out excess water with a towel,” Roche says. “You want your hair to be damp, not sopping wet.”",
"2. Fight frizz. Frizz is the number one enemy you’ll want to combat when going with wet hair look. “Apply a frizz control product that has a little hold, like Pureology Style + Care Infusion Smooth Perfection,” Roche says. “For long hair, separate hair into 3 sections (top, middle and bottom) and apply a dime-sized amount to the bottom third and run fingers through. Drop down the middle section and do the same, and then the top, apply to the ends first then the roots. This prevents you from getting too much product in the front or at the roots.”",
"3. Style properly. “Using a wide tooth comb, comb hair back and away from the face and create a side part,” Roche says. “Place hand at the crown and push the top forward, creating a wave at the front.”",
"4. Leave wavy hair alone. “If your hair is naturally wavy, allow it to dry completely without touching it,” Roche says. “Once it is dry you can tip your head to one side, gather hair and scrunch it back towards your head. Repeat on the other side. This will make it fuller without disturbing the wet look.”",
"5. Give straight hair a boost. The goal is to achieve a slight wave and texture in your hair–too straight and your hair risks looking like a curtain. “If your hair is straight, tip head to one side and scrunch occasionally as it is drying to encourage more wave,” Roche says. “Do not run your fingers through it. Repeat this technique occasionally as it dries, until completely dry.”",
"6. Don’t forget the finishing touch. Don’t neglect the finishing touches that will keep your look fresh from morning until night. “Finish with a shine spray or flexible hair spray like Pureology Strengthening Control Zero Dulling Hairspray,” Roche says.",
"For more beauty tips, check out how often you should really wash your hair and are ponytails really bad for your hair?"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Do Kim Kardashian Wet Hair Look\n\nhomepage style beauty weddings celebrity kids shop about subscribe\n\n * Style\n\n * ## Exactly How To Wear Denim If You're Under 5'2\"\n\n### Style\n\n#### 6 days\n\n * ## Shop The Best Denim And Chambray Dresses For Summer Now\n\n### Style\n\n#### 7 days\n\n * ## There Are Tons Of Cute Platform Espadrilles On Sale Right--Treat Yourself!\n\n### Style\n\n#### 8 days\n\n * ## Halter Dresses Are Super Flattering And Perfect For Crazy Hot Summer Days--Shop Our Faves Now\n\n### Style\n\n#### 8 days\n\n * Beauty\n\n * ## Here's How To Ensure Your Makeup Stays Put, Even On The Hottest, Most Humid Summer Days\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 7 days\n\n * ## Moschino Is Making It's First Makeup Line, And It's Adorable!\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 10 days\n\n * ## 6 Beauty Products To Buy From Amazon Right Now (They're Under $20)\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 11 days\n\n * ## If You Weren't Born With Naturally Glowy Skin, Pixi's Glow Booster Is The Next Best Thing\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### 13 days\n\n * Weddings\n\n * ## 7 Wedding Traditions That Are Ok To Break\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### today\n\n * ## 6 Non-Traditional Wedding Gifts Your Groom Will Love\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### 1 day\n\n * ## Alfred Angelo Filed For Bankruptcy, And Brides Are Absolutely Freaking Out\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### 1 day\n\n * ## 10 Things All Couples Need To Consider After They Get Engaged\n\n### Weddings\n\n#### 2 days\n\n * Celebrity\n\n * ## Bella Hadid Just Took The Canadian Tuxedo Trend To Sexy New Levels\n\n### Celebrity\n\n#### 3 days\n\n * ## The Messiest Celebrity Breakups Of All Time\n\n### Celebrity\n\n#### 7 days\n\n * ## Does Jennifer Garner Have A New Boyfriend? 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But, no matter how captivating the I-woke-up-\nlike-this look is, the cold-hard truth is no, you can’t achieve this hair\nsimply by washing it and walking out the door. Attempt that kind of madness\nand you’ll only be rewarded with dry, frizzy locks a few hours later.\n\nThat’s why we enlisted the help of Ruth Roche, global artistic ambassador for\nPureology Serious Colour Care, to set us straight on the path to the wet hair\nlook we’re all coveting this fall. Here are Roche’s 6 steps to achieving Kim\nKardashian’s sexy wet hair look.\n\n1\\. Think damp, not wet. “After shampooing, squeeze out excess water with a\ntowel,” Roche says. “You want your hair to be damp, not sopping wet.”\n\n2\\. Fight frizz. Frizz is the number one enemy you’ll want to combat when\ngoing with wet hair look. “Apply a frizz control product that has a little\nhold, like Pureology Style + Care Infusion Smooth Perfection,” Roche says.\n“For long hair, separate hair into 3 sections (top, middle and bottom) and\napply a dime-sized amount to the bottom third and run fingers through. Drop\ndown the middle section and do the same, and then the top, apply to the ends\nfirst then the roots. This prevents you from getting too much product in the\nfront or at the roots.”\n\n3\\. Style properly. “Using a wide tooth comb, comb hair back and away from the\nface and create a side part,” Roche says. “Place hand at the crown and push\nthe top forward, creating a wave at the front.”\n\n4\\. Leave wavy hair alone. “If your hair is naturally wavy, allow it to dry\ncompletely without touching it,” Roche says. “Once it is dry you can tip your\nhead to one side, gather hair and scrunch it back towards your head. Repeat on\nthe other side. This will make it fuller without disturbing the wet look.”\n\n5\\. Give straight hair a boost. The goal is to achieve a slight wave and\ntexture in your hair–too straight and your hair risks looking like a curtain.\n“If your hair is straight, tip head to one side and scrunch occasionally as it\nis drying to encourage more wave,” Roche says. “Do not run your fingers\nthrough it. Repeat this technique occasionally as it dries, until completely\ndry.”\n\n6\\. Don’t forget the finishing touch. Don’t neglect the finishing touches that\nwill keep your look fresh from morning until night. “Finish with a shine spray\nor flexible hair spray like Pureology Strengthening Control Zero Dulling\nHairspray,” Roche says.\n\nFor more beauty tips, check out how often you should really wash your hair and\nare ponytails really bad for your hair?\n\nFollow me at @lisacfogarty on Twitter.\n\n[Photo: Splash News]\n\nTags:\n\nBeauty, hair, Kim Kardashian\n\n#### Shop frizz ease\n\nMore frizz; ease | 3 of 145 »\n\nFrizz Ease Miraculous Recovery Repairing Shampoo by\n\nJohn Frieda\n\nBuy Now\n\nFrizz Ease 10 Day Tamer by\n\nJohn Frieda\n\nBuy Now\n\nTravel Size Frizz Ease Moisture Barrier Firm Hold Hairspray by\n\nJohn Frieda\n\nBuy Now\n\n * ## Drop Everything--These Are The Nordstrom Anniversary Sale Beauty Deals You Can't Miss\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### today\n\n * ## Every Woman Should Own This $15 Topshop Camisole--It's The Best!\n\n### Style\n\n#### today\n\n * ## The One Product You Need For When Pimples And Blemishes Pop Up Out Of Nowhere\n\n### Beauty\n\n#### today\n\n * ## Embrace The Millennial Pink Craze With These \"Cool Girl\" Outfit Ideas\n\n### Style\n\n#### today\n\n * ## Three Good Reasons To Shop Anthropologie Today? 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{
"original_url": "http://stylecaster.com:80/beauty/how-to-do-wet-hair-look/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20181030100740/http://stylecaster.com:80/beauty/how-to-do-wet-hair-look/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Here’s Exactly How to Do the Wet-Hair Look",
"passages": [
"There are a few celebrity trends that we, as mere mortals, willingly admit we’ll never be able to pull off in real life: Kim Kardashian’s clear, plastic, thigh-high boots, Lady Gaga’s bedazzled eyebrow art, and, up until now, Gigi Hadid’s consistent stream of wet-hair looks. But after seeing slicked-back ponytails and wet-look hairstyles at literally every single red carpet this year (what up, Bella Hadid!), we decided to figure out, once and for all, how the hell to get the shiny look on ourselves...without looking like a greasy swamp monster. (The boots and eyebrow art will still be forever untouchable, though. Sorry.)",
"So we sent a panicked plea to hairstylist and magic maker Kristin Ess, asking how normal human beings can recreate the seemingly untouchable look at home. “How many layers of gel?!” we yelled. “Do we need straight hair? And the hairspray! What about the hairspray!?” Her answer? None of the above. Also, stop yelling. Because as it turns out, we—and most of the beauty world—have been giving the wrong instructions for wet-hair looks for a very long time. Whoops.",
"“Gel should literally never be used in wet-looking hairstyles,” says Ess. Uh, what? “Everyone will tell you gel is their secret weapon, but it’s a lie!” The trick, she says, is pomade. Good ol’ dude pomade, to be exact. “Layrite is seriously phenomenal. It’s this old-school men’s pomade that slicks hair down beautifully without any flakes or crunch, and it washes out really easily,” says Ess. “I use it on everyone—it’s how I got Lucy Hale’s ponytail to look so sleek at the Billboard Awards.”",
"Yep, gorgeous. To create Hale’s look—or any slicked-back ponytail, really—Ess dipped a tint brush (“the brush is the only key to this entire look”) into the pomade and, section by section, painted it over the actress’s hair, making sure each strand of hair was totally saturated, so it would lay flat. “And then I don’t have to do anything,” she says. “Like, anything. No hairspray, no shine sprays, nothing. The pomade keeps everything in place until you wash it out; it’s amazing.”",
"And, swears Ess, wet-hair looks are totally obtainable on curly girls, too: “The cool thing about pomade is that it pretty much straightens out your curls as your comb it in,” she says. “Though if you have super coarse, curly hair, you might want to lightly blow it out first to get that really sleek look.”",
"Obviously, the slicked-back ponytail is the more wearable look in real life. But, if you want to go all out and pull off Gigi’s Baywatch, I-just-stepped- out-of-the-water look, then we salute you and want to help you. “If I were doing a look like Gigi’s, I would still use pomade, but only on her roots,” says Ess. “So rather than painting over sections of her hair, I’d rub a big dollop of pomade through her roots—exactly like a guy would rub pomade through short hair—until it was evenly coated, and then take a fine-tooth comb and comb her hair back about ten times to distribute the pomade throughout her roots and down to the middle of her head.” Since the hair is straight down, “you still need some movement in it,” notes Ess, who would finish off the look by rubbing a lightweight smoothing serum (we like Living Proof Satin Hair Serum) over the rest of her hair to add shine without the stiffness.",
"“The whole wet-hair look definitely a bit of a time-consuming process, since it can be difficult to get pomade through women’s hair, but it’s totally doable as long as you take thin sections and use a tint brush,” says Ess. And, sure, it definitely helps to be a kick-ass actress or model with a bunch of cool points already stacked up behind you, but like most beauty experiments, this one can easily be washed away."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Here’s Exactly How to Do the Wet-Hair Look | StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Entertainment\n\n * SCtv\n\n * StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Entertainment\n\n * SCtv\n\n * StyleCaster\n\nStyleCaster\n\nShare\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n\n## How to Master the Wet-Look Hair Trend With Just One Product\n\nWhat's hot\n\nKat Von D's Having a Massive Farewell Sale for Lip...\n\nThe Seriously Bold Lip Color Beyoncé Just Co-Signed...\n\nThe Coolest Part of Amandla Stenberg's Latest Beauty...\n\nRihanna's One and Only Rule for Wearing Black Lipstick...\n\nThese Skin-Care Products Are (Almost) as Good as P50...\n\nStyleCaster\n\n# How to Master the Wet-Look Hair Trend With Just One Product\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * 0\n\nbyChloe Metzger\n\n836 Shares\n\n2 years ago\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\nThere are a few celebrity trends that we, as mere mortals, willingly admit\nwe’ll never be able to pull off in real life: Kim Kardashian’s clear, plastic,\nthigh-high boots, Lady Gaga’s bedazzled eyebrow art, and, up until now, Gigi\nHadid’s consistent stream of wet-hair looks. But after seeing slicked-back\nponytails and wet-look hairstyles at literally every single red carpet this\nyear (what up, Bella Hadid!), we decided to figure out, once and for all, how\nthe hell to get the shiny look on ourselves...without looking like a greasy\nswamp monster. (The boots and eyebrow art will still be forever untouchable,\nthough. Sorry.)\n\nSo we sent a panicked plea to hairstylist and magic maker Kristin Ess, asking\nhow normal human beings can recreate the seemingly untouchable look at home.\n“How many layers of gel?!” we yelled. “Do we need straight hair? And the\nhairspray! What about the hairspray!?” Her answer? None of the above. Also,\nstop yelling. Because as it turns out, we—and most of the beauty world—have\nbeen giving the wrong instructions for wet-hair looks for a very long time.\nWhoops.\n\n## MORE: The 8 Best Highlighters That Will Make You Glow, Not Sparkle\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\n“Gel should literally never be used in wet-looking hairstyles,” says Ess. Uh,\nwhat? “Everyone will tell you gel is their secret weapon, but it’s a lie!” The\ntrick, she says, is pomade. Good ol’ dude pomade, to be exact. “Layrite is\nseriously phenomenal. It’s this old-school men’s pomade that slicks hair down\nbeautifully without any flakes or crunch, and it washes out really easily,”\nsays Ess. “I use it on everyone—it’s how I got Lucy Hale’s ponytail to look so\nsleek at the Billboard Awards.”\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\nYep, gorgeous. To create Hale’s look—or any slicked-back ponytail, really—Ess\ndipped a tint brush (“the brush is the only key to this entire look”) into the\npomade and, section by section, painted it over the actress’s hair, making\nsure each strand of hair was totally saturated, so it would lay flat. “And\nthen I don’t have to do anything,” she says. “Like, anything. No hairspray, no\nshine sprays, nothing. The pomade keeps everything in place until you wash it\nout; it’s amazing.”\n\nAnd, swears Ess, wet-hair looks are totally obtainable on curly girls, too:\n“The cool thing about pomade is that it pretty much straightens out your curls\nas your comb it in,” she says. “Though if you have super coarse, curly hair,\nyou might want to lightly blow it out first to get that really sleek look.”\n\n## MORE: The Ultimate Curly Hair Inspiration to Copy Right Now\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\nObviously, the slicked-back ponytail is the more wearable look in real life.\nBut, if you want to go all out and pull off Gigi’s Baywatch, I-just-stepped-\nout-of-the-water look, then we salute you and want to help you. “If I were\ndoing a look like Gigi’s, I would still use pomade, but only on her roots,”\nsays Ess. “So rather than painting over sections of her hair, I’d rub a big\ndollop of pomade through her roots—exactly like a guy would rub pomade through\nshort hair—until it was evenly coated, and then take a fine-tooth comb and\ncomb her hair back about ten times to distribute the pomade throughout her\nroots and down to the middle of her head.” Since the hair is straight down,\n“you still need some movement in it,” notes Ess, who would finish off the look\nby rubbing a lightweight smoothing serum (we like Living Proof Satin Hair\nSerum) over the rest of her hair to add shine without the stiffness.\n\nPhoto: Getty Images\n\n“The whole wet-hair look definitely a bit of a time-consuming process, since\nit can be difficult to get pomade through women’s hair, but it’s totally\ndoable as long as you take thin sections and use a tint brush,” says Ess. And,\nsure, it definitely helps to be a kick-ass actress or model with a bunch of\ncool points already stacked up behind you, but like most beauty experiments,\nthis one can easily be washed away.\n\n## MORE: 31 Minimalist Beauty Products To Instagram\n\n * share\n\n * pin\n\n * tweet\n\n * tumblr\n\n * 0comments\n\nTags:\n\n * best pomades\n * hair inspo\n * hair tutorials\n\nPromoted Stories\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * Press\n\n * Signup\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Tumblr\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n\nSheknows MediaBeauty and Style\n\ncopyright 2018 © all rights reserved by stylecaster\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Preference\n * Terms Of Use Agreement\n * RSS\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\n\nPowered by WordPress.com VIP\n\nStyleCaster\n\n * Fashion\n\n * Fashion News\n * Street Style\n * Tips + Trends\n * Shopping\n * Celebrity Looks\n * Beauty\n\n * Makeup\n * Hair + Nails\n * Skin Care\n * Health + Fitness\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Home\n * Travel\n * Food + Drink\n * Love + Sex\n * Entertainment\n\n * Celebrity News\n * TV + Movies\n * Music\n * Culture\n * SCTV\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * Instagram\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Contact Us\n * Careers\n * Press\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Privacy Preference\n * Terms Of Use\n * RSS\n * Amazon Affiliate Disclosure\n\nshare\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190611110017/https://www.elle.com/uk/beauty/hair/beauty-tips/a36894/how-to-do-wet-look-hair/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Do Wet Look Hair And Make It Last All Day",
"passages": [
"Sashaying down the Prabal Gurung and Jason Wu SS18 runways and appearing on red carpets everywhere (Margot Robbie, Allison Williams and Vanessa Kirby we're looking at you), wet look hair is officially the high fashion 'do to be working on your next night out out.",
"To the untrained eye it might look like you've just stepped out of the shower, but there's actually way more to styling wet look hair than you might think.",
"Is it just water or does that dry? How do you keep it looking wet all day? Is gel back?? These are the questions, people.",
"We caught up with pro hair stylist and the man responsible for Poppy Delevingne and Zayn Malik's A-list-worthy hair, Larry King, to talk us through his tips and tricks for nailing wet look hair and look oh-so haute couture.",
"1. Styling your hair straight from wet. To do this mix a little L'Oréal Professionnel Tecni Art Glue and Redken Outshine between your hands and smooth through the hair from front to back, comb through to get it all in place and finish by smoothing out the comb lines with your fingers.",
"ELLE Top Tip: Avoid any setting products, especially mousse - this will stop the 'crispy at the roots and dry at the ends' nightmare.",
"2. Fake the wet look. I love the old fashioned pomade by Layrite - it's what rockabilly's used to use back in the day and it still works brilliantly for this. Mix it with Redken's Wax Blast and smooth hair back into place.",
"ELLE Top Tip: Place grips behind your ears to hold the look in place - if you keep it nice and tight behind the ears its not such a problem if the top and back starts to move a little through the course of the evening.",
"'I think the slick back gives a super cool rock chic, greaser vibe, it's edgier and more empowering - think Kristen Stewart before the buzz cut.'",
"'I also love the side parting version, this gives real evening sophistication, think Karlie Kloss on the red carpet, it's a great way to mix Hollywood glam and girl power.'",
"'Wet look curls are great. Scott Ade at Larry King recently styled Arizona Muse's wavy hair for the serpentine ball, it's a softer version and less harsh than poker a straight finish.'",
"ELLE Top Tip: Stick to the same rules as straight but ditch the comb and let your fingers do the work.",
"'The wet look is tricky on Afro hair as it's super porous. I would suggest blow drying it straight and back off the face, adding the grips behind the ears and adding a good amount of Redken Diamond Oil to finish.'",
"ELLE, PART OF THE HEARST UK FASHION & BEAUTY NETWORK ELLE participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Wet Look Hair - How To Do Wet Look Hair And Make It Last All Day\n\n# Wet Look Hair - How To Get Awards Season's Post-Shower Red Carpet Look Right\n\n##\n\nHow to nail that 'I just got out of the shower but it's totally high fashion'\nvibe.\n\nBy George Driver\n\n22/01/2018\n\nGetty Images\n\nSashaying down the Prabal Gurung and Jason Wu SS18 runways and appearing on\nred carpets everywhere (Margot Robbie, Allison Williams and Vanessa Kirby\nwe're looking at you), wet look hair is officially the high fashion 'do to be\nworking on your next night out out.\n\nTo the untrained eye it might look like you've just stepped out of the shower,\nbut there's actually way more to styling wet look hair than you might think.\n\nGetty Images\n\nIs it just water or does that dry? How do you keep it looking wet all day? Is\ngel back?? These are the questions, people.\n\nWe caught up with pro hair stylist and the man responsible for Poppy\nDelevingne and Zayn Malik's A-list-worthy hair, Larry King, to talk us through\nhis tips and tricks for nailing wet look hair and look oh-so haute couture.\n\nGetty Images\n\n## How To Do Wet Look Hair\n\nThere are two ways of achieving the wet look:\n\n1\\. Styling your hair straight from wet. To do this mix a little L'Oréal\nProfessionnel Tecni Art Glue and Redken Outshine between your hands and smooth\nthrough the hair from front to back, comb through to get it all in place and\nfinish by smoothing out the comb lines with your fingers.\n\nELLE Top Tip: Avoid any setting products, especially mousse - this will stop\nthe 'crispy at the roots and dry at the ends' nightmare.\n\nGetty Images\n\n2\\. Fake the wet look. I love the old fashioned pomade by Layrite - it's what\nrockabilly's used to use back in the day and it still works brilliantly for\nthis. Mix it with Redken's Wax Blast and smooth hair back into place.\n\nELLE Top Tip: Place grips behind your ears to hold the look in place - if you\nkeep it nice and tight behind the ears its not such a problem if the top and\nback starts to move a little through the course of the evening.\n\nGetty Images\n\n## How To Style Wet Look Hair\n\n### 1\\. The Slick Back\n\n'I think the slick back gives a super cool rock chic, greaser vibe, it's\nedgier and more empowering - think Kristen Stewart before the buzz cut.'\n\n### 2\\. The Side Part\n\n'I also love the side parting version, this gives real evening sophistication,\nthink Karlie Kloss on the red carpet, it's a great way to mix Hollywood glam\nand girl power.'\n\nImaxtree\n\n## How To Do Wet Look Hair That's Curly\n\n'Wet look curls are great. Scott Ade at Larry King recently styled Arizona\nMuse's wavy hair for the serpentine ball, it's a softer version and less harsh\nthan poker a straight finish.'\n\nELLE Top Tip: Stick to the same rules as straight but ditch the comb and let\nyour fingers do the work.\n\nImaxtree\n\n## How To Do Wet Look Afro/Natural Textured Hair\n\n'The wet look is tricky on Afro hair as it's super porous. I would suggest\nblow drying it straight and back off the face, adding the grips behind the\nears and adding a good amount of Redken Diamond Oil to finish.'\n\nRelated Story\n\nEvery Major Hair Look From Fashion Week SS18\n\nRelated Story\n\nHow To Air Dry Thick Hair\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Hair\n\n20 Celebrities With Platinum Blonde Hair\n\nThe A-List Loves... The Bob\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nReese Witherspoon Just Got A Drastic New Haircut\n\n11 Undercut Hairstyles\n\nELLE Edit: Best Scalp Scrubs\n\nMargot Robbie Recreates Sharon Tate's 1968 Hairdo\n\nSophie Turner Looks SO Good With Her New Fringe\n\nBest Blonde Celebrity Hair\n\nSansa Stark's GoT Finale Hair Was Epic\n\nKylie Jenner Is ALSO Coming For Hair Care\n\n * Hair\n * Beauty\n * 10 Ways To Encourage Your Hair's Natural Curl\n * How To Do 2017's Crimped Hair\n * This Is How Often People Actually Wash Their Hair\n * How Much British Influencers Get Paid\n * How To Look Flawless On FaceTime\n * How To Style Textured Hair By Vernon Francois\n\n * London Fashion Week\n * Paris Fashion Week\n * Milan Fashion Week\n * New York Fashion Week\n * News\n * Fashion\n * Wedding Ideas\n * Beauty\n * Hair Trends\n * Life + culture\n * Holiday Inspiration\n * Daily Horoscopes\n * All videos\n * Elle fashion cupboard\n\nELLE, PART OF THE HEARST UK FASHION & BEAUTY NETWORK ELLE participates in\nvarious affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions\non editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2019 Hearst UK is the trading name of the National Magazine Company Ltd, 30\nPanton Street, Leicester Square, London, SW1Y 4AJ. Registered in England. All\nRights Reserved\n\n * Sitemap\n * Complaints\n * Privacy Notice\n * Terms & conditions\n * Cookies Policy\n * About\n * Contact\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190616120832/https://www.eonline.com/news/793213/how-to-get-ashley-graham-s-wet-hair-look-with-just-1-product",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product",
"passages": [
"You may or may not be in attendance at New York Fashion Week like all the celebs, but that doesn't mean you're not crunched for time this a.m.",
"Monday morning has struck again and if you didn't wake up with clean hair, you're actually in luck. Instead of tossing your hair up in a typical topknot or throwing it in a braided 'do, make like Ashley Graham or Kim Kardashian at the VMAs and give your hair the wet-look treatment.",
"\"Dirty, unwashed hair is actually the perfect base for the wet hair look,\" said celeb hairstylist Suzie Kim. \"It's a modern update on old-school, mousse- scrunched hair because it's not dry and crunchy: It's on the straighter side with just a little natural texture.\" The best part is you only need one product to achieve the look.",
"Step 1: First off, it's important to start with damp hair. \"If you're hair is greasy and dirty from the night before, take a spray bottle full of water and mist your locks until they're damp all over,\" she said. You don't want your hair to be dripping wet, just damp.",
"Step 2: Next, you can either use a conditioning mousse, like Paul Mitchell Sculpting Foam, or a soft gel, like Aquage Straightening Ultragel—both work great in Suzie's opinion. Divide hair into three horizontal sections, working the product from roots to end.",
"Step 3: Finger comb the product evenly through each section and scrunch it, but not too much. \"Over-scrunching will dry the product out and your hair won't look wet when it dries,\" warned the expert.",
"Let your hair set while you get dressed for the day. Before you head out, lightly pull hair pieces apart to give it a soft-textured look. Give it one last scrunch, and you're out the door!",
"E! Online - Your source for entertainment news, celebrities, celeb news, and celebrity gossip. Check out the hottest fashion, photos, movies and TV shows!",
"We and our partners use cookies on this site to improve our service, perform analytics, personalize advertising, measure advertising performance, and remember website preferences. By using the site, you consent to these cookies. For more information on cookies including how to manage your consent visit our Cookie Policy.",
"Une version adaptée de ce contenu est disponible pour notre public international. Souhaitez-vous voir ça dans notre édition française ?"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product | E! News\n\n * LATEST NEWS\n * WATCH FULL EPISODES\n * ROYALS\n * THE BACHELORETTE\n * KARDASHIANS\n * PHOTOS\n * TV\n\n * TV NEWS\n * E! SHOWS\n\n * us\n * Australia\n * Asia\n * Germany\n * France\n * UK\n * Canada\n * USA\n * Mexico\n * Brazil\n * Argentina\n * Colombia\n * Venezuela\n\n# How to Get Ashley Graham's Wet Hair Look With Just 1 Product\n\n * By\n\n&\n\nby Taylor Stephan | Mon., Sep. 12, 2016 6:00 AM\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Email\n\nJared Siskin/Patrick McMullan via Getty Images\n\nYou may or may not be in attendance at New York Fashion Week like all the\ncelebs, but that doesn't mean you're not crunched for time this a.m.\n\nMonday morning has struck again and if you didn't wake up with clean hair,\nyou're actually in luck. Instead of tossing your hair up in a typical topknot\nor throwing it in a braided 'do, make like Ashley Graham or Kim Kardashian at\nthe VMAs and give your hair the wet-look treatment.\n\n\"Dirty, unwashed hair is actually the perfect base for the wet hair look,\"\nsaid celeb hairstylist Suzie Kim. \"It's a modern update on old-school, mousse-\nscrunched hair because it's not dry and crunchy: It's on the straighter side\nwith just a little natural texture.\" The best part is you only need one\nproduct to achieve the look.\n\n## Read\n\nHow to Get Jessica Alba's Romantic Hair—It's Honestly so Easy!\n\nStep 1: First off, it's important to start with damp hair. \"If you're hair is\ngreasy and dirty from the night before, take a spray bottle full of water and\nmist your locks until they're damp all over,\" she said. You don't want your\nhair to be dripping wet, just damp.\n\nStep 2: Next, you can either use a conditioning mousse, like Paul Mitchell\nSculpting Foam, or a soft gel, like Aquage Straightening Ultragel—both work\ngreat in Suzie's opinion. Divide hair into three horizontal sections, working\nthe product from roots to end.\n\nStep 3: Finger comb the product evenly through each section and scrunch it,\nbut not too much. \"Over-scrunching will dry the product out and your hair\nwon't look wet when it dries,\" warned the expert.\n\nLet your hair set while you get dressed for the day. Before you head out,\nlightly pull hair pieces apart to give it a soft-textured look. Give it one\nlast scrunch, and you're out the door!\n\nmove\n\nclose\n\nNow Playing\n\nUp Next\n\nHow to Get Kristin Cavallari's Signature Hair\n\n## Photos\n\nTop-Notch Hair Dryers Under $150\n\n * Share\n\n * Tweet\n\n * Email\n\nTAGS/ Kim Kardashian , Ashley Graham , Must-Do Mondays , Style Collective ,\nTop Stories , Hair\n\n## Trending Stories\n\nLatest News\n\nThe Big Picture: Today's Hot Photos\n\nHappy Father's Day, Scott Disick! Relive Lord Disick's Best Dad Moments From\nKUWTK\n\n7 Reasons Maisie Williams Was the Real MVP of Game of Thrones\n\nMiley Cyrus, Kristen Stewart and Sandra Bullock: See What the MTV Movie Awards\nLooked Like 10 Years Ago\n\nAmerican Idol's Scotty McCreery Looks Back on His First Year of Marriage\n\nThe Unsolved Murder of Tupac Shakur: Untangling the Epic Layers of Mystery\nSurrounding the Complicated Rapper's Death\n\nCaptain Marvel, Arya Stark & More! 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Is Everywhere\n\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\nlike to view this in our UK edition?\n\n### E! Is Everywhere\n\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\nlike to view this in our Australian edition?\n\n### E! Is Everywhere\n\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\nlike to view this in our Asia edition?\n\n### E! ist überall\n\nDieser Inhalt ist für internationale Besucher verfügbar. Möchtest du ihn in\nder deutschen Version anschauen?\n\n### E! Is Everywhere\n\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\nlike to view this in our German edition?\n\n### E! est partout\n\nUne version adaptée de ce contenu est disponible pour notre public\ninternational. Souhaitez-vous voir ça dans notre édition française ?\n\n### E! Is Everywhere\n\nThis content is available customized for our international audience. Would you\nlike to view this in our French edition?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\n### E! está en todos lados\n\nNuestro contenido está disponible y personalizado para nuestra audiencia\ninternacional. ¿Te gustaría verlo en la edición en español?\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nJa ! Nein, danke.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nOui! Non, merci.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSim Não\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\n¡Si! No, gracias.\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nSi No\n\nYes! No, Thanks.\n\nTranslate to English Translate to English Impressum\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180201150743/http://www.more.com:80/beauty/hair/hair-tutorials/how-get-wet-hair-look-your-kardashian-dreams",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams",
"passages": [
"From Kim K to Versace, the \"wet\" hair look has been seen everywhere. We have the step-by-step tips to getting this beauty-forward trend at home.",
"The \"wet\" hair look is everything at the moment. What's the best part about it? Your hair is bone dry! Seen on the likes of Kim Kardashian, and even spotted on the runway with Altuzarra, Versus Versace, Simone Rocha and more, it's not only a beauty-forward look. It's super easy to rock off the runway, too.",
"YouTuber Pia Muehlenbeck shared a simple tutorial on her channel to give you step-by-step tips to rocking this full-texture look.",
"Sea salt spray is the first product you'll need to get that uber amazing Kardashian-inspired look. Go crazy with it — it's not possible to use too much!",
"Once your hair is prepped with the sea salt spray, you'll be ready to apply some mousse. Working in the product with your fingers not only feels like a dream — it's also the all-natural pick over heating tools. As a bonus, it also helps give your hair some added volume.",
"Sleek, wet men's hair gel? The perfect fit for this look. When you're applying it, be sure to pay attention to your roots — using gel around your hairline will help tame any flyaways, and putting a little extra gel on your ends will help give them a more saturated look.",
"A leave-in daily oil formula is the perfect product to both keep your hair looking wet and wild, but also maintain some life. If you're already using a serum, you'll want to use a little more than you do on the regular. The more oil, the \"wetter\" it'll look.",
"You want your hair to look wet, not actually be wet. Blow dry your hair to make sure your sea salt spray, oils and everything else are locked in place. Once you're done drying, coat the tips of your fingers in gel and run them along your hairline to make any final styling touches and ensure that all those wispy hairs stay in place.",
"Maggie is a digital apprentice at Meredith Corporation. When she's not writing trending stories, you'll find her full on blasting One Direction, scanning through her favorite fashion blogs or hitting up any and every concert that passes through her home base of Des Moines.",
"We went backstage at the KAELEN and Tadashi runway presentations at New York Fashion Week, where both collections were accompanied by easy updos that are fresh takes on a classic low bun.",
"Sephora is known for being one of our favorite beauty go-tos, especially when it comes to our eyeshadow palettes. But with all of the selection available, it can get overwhelming. Check out our current favorites to help narrow it down!",
"Have you ever left the house with a great hairstyle only to find it's gone limp two hours later? This daily battle can be solved with one simple tool: a tail comb.",
"If you're tired of your basic, boring ponytail--but you don't have a lot of time to spend on your hair--this is the perfect updo.",
"Going retro is all the rage and getting the chic look has never been easier. In a few easy steps Alberto VO5 hair expert, Chris Lospalluto, shows you how to get wavy hair a la Veronica Lake.",
"If you can't be bothered to spend your mornings curling, drying, or straightening, you're going to love spring's best hairstyles! The Victoria Beckham, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Alexander Wang, and Rag + Bone runway presentations all showcased models with easy-to-achieve updos and wet-looking hair, signaling that our beauty regimens will be a breeze come spring. Check out these styles, as well as Guido's tips for using Redken products to recreate them at home."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams | more.com\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Hair\n * Nails\n * Makeup\n * Skincare\n * DIY Beauty Tips\n * Perfume & Fragrances\n * Back to Home\n * Fashion\n\n * Celeb Style\n * Fashion Trends\n * Styling Tips\n * DIY Fashion\n * Back to Home\n * Entertainment\n\n * Movies & TV\n * Celebrities\n * Celebrity News\n * Music\n * Red Carpet\n * For Fun\n * Back to Home\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Food & Drink\n * Stylish Home\n * Exercise & Health\n * Tech\n * College Life\n * Wedding\n * Travel\n * Pets\n * Culture & Causes\n * Back to Home\n * Love\n\n * Relationship Advice\n * Sex Talk\n * Single Life\n * Engagement\n * Dating\n * Marriage\n * Friends & Family\n * Back to Home\n * Money\n\n * Career Advice\n * Finances\n * Back to Home\n * Video\n\n * Shop\n\nMenu\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Pinterest\n\nFollow\n\n * YouTube\n\nJoin now Search\n\n# How To Get The Wet Hair Look Of Your Kardashian Dreams\n\nFrom Kim K to Versace, the \"wet\" hair look has been seen everywhere. We have\nthe step-by-step tips to getting this beauty-forward trend at home.\n\nBy Maggie Dickman\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Google Plus\n * Email\n * Print\n\nThe \"wet\" hair look is everything at the moment. What's the best part about\nit? Your hair is bone dry! Seen on the likes of Kim Kardashian, and even\nspotted on the runway with Altuzarra, Versus Versace, Simone Rocha and more,\nit's not only a beauty-forward look. It's super easy to rock off the runway,\ntoo.\n\nYouTuber Pia Muehlenbeck shared a simple tutorial on her channel to give you\nstep-by-step tips to rocking this full-texture look.\n\nStep 1: Sea Salt Spray Is Your BFF\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nSea salt spray is the first product you'll need to get that uber amazing\nKardashian-inspired look. Go crazy with it — it's not possible to use too\nmuch!\n\nProduct to try: Not Your Mother's Beach Babe Texturizing Sea Salt Spray\n\nStep 2: Get Yourself Some Mousse\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nOnce your hair is prepped with the sea salt spray, you'll be ready to apply\nsome mousse. Working in the product with your fingers not only feels like a\ndream — it's also the all-natural pick over heating tools. As a bonus, it also\nhelps give your hair some added volume.\n\nProduct to try: Big Sexy Hair Root Pump Plus Humidity Resistant Volumizing\nSpray Mousse\n\nStep 3: Reach For The Gel\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nSleek, wet men's hair gel? The perfect fit for this look. When you're applying\nit, be sure to pay attention to your roots — using gel around your hairline\nwill help tame any flyaways, and putting a little extra gel on your ends will\nhelp give them a more saturated look.\n\nProduct to try: Axe Wet Shine Gel\n\nStep 4: The Secret? A Whole Lot Of Oil Serum\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nA leave-in daily oil formula is the perfect product to both keep your hair\nlooking wet and wild, but also maintain some life. If you're already using a\nserum, you'll want to use a little more than you do on the regular. The more\noil, the \"wetter\" it'll look.\n\nProduct to try: John Frieda Nourishing Oil Elixir\n\nStep 5: Blow Dry!\n\nvia GIPHY\n\nYou want your hair to look wet, not actually be wet. Blow dry your hair to\nmake sure your sea salt spray, oils and everything else are locked in place.\nOnce you're done drying, coat the tips of your fingers in gel and run them\nalong your hairline to make any final styling touches and ensure that all\nthose wispy hairs stay in place.\n\nIt's seriously that easy! Will you be giving this wet hair look a try?\n\nTags:\n\n * Celebrity Hair\n * Kim Kardashian\n\n * Share\n * Pin It\n\n##### Maggie Dickman\n\nMaggie is a digital apprentice at Meredith Corporation. When she's not writing\ntrending stories, you'll find her full on blasting One Direction, scanning\nthrough her favorite fashion blogs or hitting up any and every concert that\npasses through her home base of Des Moines.\n\n## More You'll Love\n\nFall 2012 Fashion Week: Beautiful Buns at KAELEN and Tadashi\n\nWe went backstage at the KAELEN and Tadashi runway presentations at New York\nFashion Week, where both collections were accompanied by easy updos that are\nfresh takes on a classic low bun.\n\nEvery Eyeshadow Palette We Want From Sephora Right Now\n\nSephora is known for being one of our favorite beauty go-tos, especially when\nit comes to our eyeshadow palettes. But with all of the selection available,\nit can get overwhelming. Check out our current favorites to help narrow it\ndown!\n\nHow to Tease Your Hair For Volume\n\nHave you ever left the house with a great hairstyle only to find it's gone\nlimp two hours later? This daily battle can be solved with one simple tool: a\ntail comb.\n\nThis Double-Twist Ponytail Is The Perfect Five-Minute Hairstyle\n\nIf you're tired of your basic, boring ponytail--but you don't have a lot of\ntime to spend on your hair--this is the perfect updo.\n\nHow to Straighten Hair with a Flat Iron\n\nLooks For Less: 9 Favorite Makeup Product Dupes\n\nSave some money when you make the switch to these budget beauty buys.\n\nHow to Create Retro-Inspired Wavy Hair\n\nGoing retro is all the rage and getting the chic look has never been easier.\nIn a few easy steps Alberto VO5 hair expert, Chris Lospalluto, shows you how\nto get wavy hair a la Veronica Lake.\n\nYou Need To Try This Half-Up Pull-Through Braid Now\n\nKeep your hairstyle effortlessly stylish with this gorgeous, relaxed half-up\nhairstyle.\n\nWash-and-Go Hair for Spring? Sign Us Up!\n\nIf you can't be bothered to spend your mornings curling, drying, or\nstraightening, you're going to love spring's best hairstyles! The Victoria\nBeckham, Marc by Marc Jacobs, Alexander Wang, and Rag + Bone runway\npresentations all showcased models with easy-to-achieve updos and wet-looking\nhair, signaling that our beauty regimens will be a breeze come spring. Check\nout these styles, as well as Guido's tips for using Redken products to\nrecreate them at home.\n\nLoad More\n\n * Back to Beauty\n * Hair\n * Nails\n * Makeup\n * Skincare\n * DIY Beauty Tips\n * Perfume & Fragrances\n\n * Shampoo\n * Hair Styling Tools\n * Headbands\n * Hair Brushes & Combs\n * Hair Care\n * Hair Oils\n * Hair Color\n * Dry Shampoo\n * Leave-In Conditioner\n * Hair Tools\n * Conditioner\n * Hair Removal Products\n * Curling Irons\n * Hair Growth Products\n * Hair Dryers\n * Hair Conditioner\n * Hair Accessories\n * Hats\n * Hair Styling Products\n * Flat Irons\n\nShop More\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Twitter\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n\n© Copyright 2018, Meredith Corporation. All Rights Reserved Privacy Policy\nData Policy Terms of Service AdChoices\n\nBack Close\n\n * Beauty\n\n * Hair\n * Nails\n * Makeup\n * Skincare\n * DIY Beauty Tips\n * Perfume & Fragrances\n * Fashion\n\n * Celeb Style\n * Fashion Trends\n * Styling Tips\n * DIY Fashion\n * Entertainment\n\n * Movies & TV\n * Celebrities\n * Celebrity News\n * Music\n * Red Carpet\n * For Fun\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Food & Drink\n * Stylish Home\n * Exercise & Health\n * Tech\n * College Life\n * Wedding\n * Travel\n * Pets\n * Culture & Causes\n * Love\n\n * Relationship Advice\n * Sex Talk\n * Single Life\n * Engagement\n * Dating\n * Marriage\n * Friends & Family\n * Money\n\n * Career Advice\n * Finances\n * Video\n * Shop\n\n * Join now\n * Log in\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * YouTube\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200804031152/https://www.thecut.com/2016/10/how-to-re-create-the-wet-hair-look-thats-everywhere.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Re-create the “Wet Hair” Look That’s Everywhere",
"passages": [
"Wet hair is making a splash. It made a few appearances on the runway this season, including the drenched ends at Altuzarra and the slicked-back hair at Balmain. But even before then, there was Kim Kardashian at the VMAs this year and Beyoncé at the VMAs several years ago.",
"So how can you master the look at home? “Don’t use water, but loads of wax and gel instead,” says hairstylist Cesar Ramirez, who styles the likes of Ciara and Kim Kardashian. Water may make hair look wet, but the effect is only temporary. “Only use it when you’re at the end of your hairstyle and want to go one more day without washing,” he adds.",
"Unlike other trendy styles, the wet hair look is amenable to any hair texture, and to demonstrate, the Cut enlisted five women with different hair types to test-drive the watery look. For naturally straight hair, Ramirez suggests raking wax, which is slightly thicker than a gel and not water-based, through the roots and around the pieces that frame your face to shape and volumize. On the ends, he says, you should use a gel, which will stiffen as it dries and prevent frays.",
"There are a few ways to approach curly hair. For waves, start with blow-dried hair and then work Mizani’s wax in sections throughout hair (Mizani calls their wax a gel, but it is not, Ramirez clarifies.) Don’t use a gel, as the water in most gels will take straightened hairs right back to their curly state. You’ll want to use enough wax to completely drench your hair and then scrunch strands lightly to create waves.",
"If your hair is curly and you’d like to keep it that way, employ the help of a leave-in conditioner, like Mizani’s 25 Miracle Leave-In, Ramirez suggests. After misting hair with the spray, work a heaping amount of gel into hair to lock curls in place.",
"It’s important to note that no matter what your texture, the style won’t last more than a day. But on that day, you’ll look like the sleekest thing in town.",
"Foodgod Reportedly Robbed at Gunpoint Jonathan Cheban says an armed man stole his watch in New Jersey over the weekend.",
"Why Aren’t the Olympics More Like This? Katie Ledecky swam a lap while balancing a full glass of milk on her head. Perhaps this should be its own sport?",
"Anti-Abortion Centers Received Millions of Dollars in COVID Bailout Funds Religiously affiliated crisis pregnancy centers have received between $4 million and $10 million, according to a new report.",
"Things Are Going to Get So Much Worse The policies that have barely kept Americans afloat are coming to an end. What will we do now?",
"A Dating Show With Actual Love? Love on the Spectrum is a new addition to a genre so frequently and oddly devoid of affection.",
"The U.S. Reported Nearly 2 Million New COVID-19 Cases Last Month Over the past week, there have been an average of more than 61,000 new cases per day.",
"A Black Teen Jailed for Not Doing Her Schoolwork Is Now Free The 15-year-old girl, who struggles with ADHD and a mood disorder, was detained for nearly 80 days.",
"Why Are Parents So Bad At Teaching Their Own Kids? The intimate relationship between parent and child can make remote learning uniquely stressful.",
"I Think About This a Lot: What Happened to Casper the Friendly Ghost? Was he trapped in existential limbo or just bad at his job?"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Re-create the “Wet Hair” Look That’s Everywhere\n\nPlease read our updated Privacy Notice and Terms of Use, effective on December\n19, 2019.\n\n * Share\n * Tweet\n * Pin It\n\n+Comments Leave a Comment\n\nOct. 19, 2016\n\n# The ‘Wet Hair’ Look That’s Everywhere Is Easy to Re-create for Any Texture\n\nBy Ashley Weatherford\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\nWet hair is making a splash. It made a few appearances on the runway this\nseason, including the drenched ends at Altuzarra and the slicked-back hair at\nBalmain. But even before then, there was Kim Kardashian at the VMAs this year\nand Beyoncé at the VMAs several years ago.\n\nSo how can you master the look at home? “Don’t use water, but loads of wax and\ngel instead,” says hairstylist Cesar Ramirez, who styles the likes of Ciara\nand Kim Kardashian. Water may make hair look wet, but the effect is only\ntemporary. “Only use it when you’re at the end of your hairstyle and want to\ngo one more day without washing,” he adds.\n\nUnlike other trendy styles, the wet hair look is amenable to any hair texture,\nand to demonstrate, the Cut enlisted five women with different hair types to\ntest-drive the watery look. For naturally straight hair, Ramirez suggests\nraking wax, which is slightly thicker than a gel and not water-based, through\nthe roots and around the pieces that frame your face to shape and volumize. On\nthe ends, he says, you should use a gel, which will stiffen as it dries and\nprevent frays.\n\nThere are a few ways to approach curly hair. For waves, start with blow-dried\nhair and then work Mizani’s wax in sections throughout hair (Mizani calls\ntheir wax a gel, but it is not, Ramirez clarifies.) Don’t use a gel, as the\nwater in most gels will take straightened hairs right back to their curly\nstate. You’ll want to use enough wax to completely drench your hair and then\nscrunch strands lightly to create waves.\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\nIf your hair is curly and you’d like to keep it that way, employ the help of a\nleave-in conditioner, like Mizani’s 25 Miracle Leave-In, Ramirez suggests.\nAfter misting hair with the spray, work a heaping amount of gel into hair to\nlock curls in place.\n\nIt’s important to note that no matter what your texture, the style won’t last\nmore than a day. But on that day, you’ll look like the sleekest thing in town.\n\nStyling: Shiona Turini; Beauty editor: Kathleen Hou; Hair: Cesar Ramirez;\nMakeup: Sierra Min\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Ashley Weatherford\n\nAcne Studios Copper Red Dress, $750 at 33 Greene St.; (212) 334-8345; Tiffany\n& Co. Elsa Peretti Snake Earrings in 18k Gold, $2,100 at Tiffany & Co..\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Madison White\n\nNili Lotan Black Short Cami Dress, $545 at Nili Lotan; Jennifer Fisher Brass\nLarge Cuff, $545 at Jennifer Fisher; Ana Khouri Diamond Matilde Earring,\n$5,720 at Dover Street Market New York, 160 Lexington Avenue; (646) 837-7750.\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Ha-Tien Nguyen\n\nAlexander Wang Flared Cami Dress, $1895 at Alexander Wang; Tiffany & Co.\nTiffany ‘T’ Wire Hoop Earrings in 18k White Gold with Diamonds, $5,600 a\nTiffany & Co.; Anna Sheffield Pavé Pointe Stud Earrings, $1,400 at Anna\nSheffield.\n\nPhoto: Heather Hazzan\n\n## Emely Grullon\n\nMaiyet Arc Slip Dress, $512 at Net-a-Porter; Cartier Panthere de Cartier\nEarrings, 18k Yellow Gold, Tsavorite, Garnets, Onyx and Diamonds, $24,900 at\n653 Fifth Ave.; (212) 446-3400; Jennifer Fisher 14k Yellow Gold White Diamond\nMomma Cuff, $5,300 at Jennifer Fisher.\n\n## Rajni Jacques\n\nOff-White c/o Virgil Abloh Pleat Dress, $1679 at Off-White; Ana Kouri Diamond\nand Emerald Gertrude Earrring, $4,040, at Moda Operandi; Dior Fine Jewelry\nDiorama Precieuse Earrings in Yellow Gold, $14,300 at 21 East 57th St; (212)\n931-2950; Jennifer Fisher Brass Silver Large Cuff, $425 at Jennifer Fisher.\n\n## Tags:\n\n * beauty\n * wet hair\n * beyonce\n * kim kardashian\n * hair\n * More\n\nHow to Re-create the ‘Wet Hair’ Look That’s Everywhere\n\n## Most Viewed Stories\n\n 1. Oh No, Someone Planted the Mystery Seeds\n 2. Madame Clairevoyant: Horoscopes for the Week of August 3\n 3. I Think About This a Lot: When a Feminist Artist Dragged Overgrown Skaters\n 4. Things Are Going to Get So Much Worse\n 5. It’s Happening Again\n\n## Best of The Cut\n\n * What We Know About the Killing of Elijah McClain\n * Life Events: A Novel Excerpt\n * The Poison of Male Incivility\n * ‘We Saw This Problem Coming’\n * There’s a Divide in Even the Closest Interracial Friendships\n\nSee All\n\n## Promoted links by Taboola\n\n## The Latest\n\ncrime 8:09 p.m.\n\nFoodgod Reportedly Robbed at Gunpoint Jonathan Cheban says an armed man stole\nhis watch in New Jersey over the weekend.\n\nmore milk 6:14 p.m.\n\nWhy Aren’t the Olympics More Like This? Katie Ledecky swam a lap while\nbalancing a full glass of milk on her head. Perhaps this should be its own\nsport?\n\nshitstorms 5:32 p.m.\n\nIn 2020, We Are All This Beetle Just looking for an escape out the back door.\n\ngone sale-ing 5:28 p.m.\n\nA Flash Sale for Two Really Good Causes Over 35 brands at 80 percent off\nbenefitting Baby2Baby and Know Your Rights Camp.\n\nfashion 4:58 p.m.\n\nThe Many Meanings of One Chinese Word Prada Mode’s next venture is in Shanghai\nwith director Jia Zhangke.\n\nreproductive rights 3:54 p.m.\n\nAnti-Abortion Centers Received Millions of Dollars in COVID Bailout Funds\nReligiously affiliated crisis pregnancy centers have received between $4\nmillion and $10 million, according to a new report.\n\nscent memories 3:42 p.m.\n\nFor This Creative Director, Success Smells Like Sandalwood Victor Sanz of\ntravel brand TUMI shares his favorite scents.\n\nbeywatch 3:40 p.m.\n\nBeyoncé Wore So Many Black Designers in Black Is King Here are some of their\nstandout looks.\n\nBy Andrew Nguyen\n\nunemployment 3:17 p.m.\n\nThings Are Going to Get So Much Worse The policies that have barely kept\nAmericans afloat are coming to an end. What will we do now?\n\nsure why not 3:05 p.m.\n\nYou Can Try Tatcha’s New Cleanser in ‘Animal Crossing’ Your little mini-me is\nabout to be so dewy.\n\nrecommendations 2:53 p.m.\n\nA Dating Show With Actual Love? Love on the Spectrum is a new addition to a\ngenre so frequently and oddly devoid of affection.\n\nthe truth is out there 12:48 p.m.\n\nUFOs Are All We’ve Got Does being stuck at home mean more people are paying\nattention to the sky?\n\nBy Katie Heaney\n\ncoronavirus 12:15 p.m.\n\nThe U.S. Reported Nearly 2 Million New COVID-19 Cases Last Month Over the past\nweek, there have been an average of more than 61,000 new cases per day.\n\npower 11:28 a.m.\n\nA Black Teen Jailed for Not Doing Her Schoolwork Is Now Free The 15-year-old\ngirl, who struggles with ADHD and a mood disorder, was detained for nearly 80\ndays.\n\neducation 11:05 a.m.\n\nWhy Are Parents So Bad At Teaching Their Own Kids? The intimate relationship\nbetween parent and child can make remote learning uniquely stressful.\n\nBy Anna Silman\n\ndomestic violence 10:30 a.m.\n\n‘Oh My God, What If He Finds Me?’ Living through the pandemic in domestic\nviolence shelters.\n\nbooks 10:08 a.m.\n\nThe New Twilight Book Sounds Stressful As Hell The deeply anxiety-provoking\nglimpse into a vampire’s consciousness we all need?\n\nfiction 9:31 a.m.\n\nLuster “Then I remember his wife, the coaster eases downwards, and we fall.”\n\nBy Raven Leilani\n\nfixations 8:00 a.m.\n\nI Think About This a Lot: What Happened to Casper the Friendly Ghost? Was he\ntrapped in existential limbo or just bad at his job?\n\nBy Jennifer Byrne\n\ngallery 8:00 a.m.\n\nThe Look Book Goes to Pace Gallery In East Hampton, where Sotheby’s, Michael\nWerner, and Skarstedt have also opened temporary spaces nearby.\n\nBy Jane Starr Drinkard and Brock Colyar\n\nMore Stories\n\n * Style\n * Self\n * Culture\n * Power\n\n * Newsletters\n * About Us\n * Contact\n * Help\n * We’re Hiring\n * Press\n * Trademark\n * Privacy\n * Terms\n * Ad Choices\n * Do Not Sell My Info\n\nThe Cut is a Vox Media Network. © 2020 Vox Media, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
}
] |
3,227,213 | How To Get Rid of Ladybugs | To get rid of ladybugs, spray any ladybugs that you encounter with soapy water. To deter ladybugs from coming into your home, mist your external doorways and window frames with citronella or citrus oil. If any ladybugs get trapped inside of your home, turn your vacuum on and use the hose attachment to suck the bugs up before releasing them outside. You can also make a ladybug trap. Fill a small bowl with water and a drop of dish soap and pace the bowl in a light area, such as next to a window or a bright lamp. The ladybugs will land in the water as they are drawn to the light. To keep them away from your garden, plant mums since mums smell terrible to ladybugs and irritate them. To prevent ladybugs from getting inside, install weather stripping and use silicone caulk to fill any gaps around your doors and windows. Keep in mind, ladybugs are actually good for gardens and yards since they feed on obnoxious aphids and other plant-eating pests. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171108145357/http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210730151951/https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/pests/asian-lady-beetle",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210506194111/https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210419065428/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514194947/https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house"
] | train | -1 | [
{
"original_url": "http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171108145357/http://www.independent.co.uk:80/environment/nature/ladybirds-are-invading-our-houses-this-autumn-often-in-their-thousands-whats-going-on-397186.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands. What's going on?",
"passages": [
"God, dare I say it, missed a trick when He unleashed plagues of locusts, lice, frogs and the rest on Egypt all those years ago. Britain's new pestilence is a cannibalistic and highly promiscuous species of the humble, sweet ladybird that is a native of Asia.",
"Harlequin ladybirds, as they are known because they come in a confusing variety of colours and designs, have already flourished in our parks and woods. And, thanks to an absence of their natural predators, they are now making moves on our homes. The really bad news is that they plan to settle in for the long, cold winter – in their thousands. If you've been picking them off your window sills in batches of five or 10, be warned: this might just be the beginning.",
"Scaremongering rhetoric you might think, but Matt Shardlow of Buglife, the trust that speaks up for all of Britain's invertebrates, has been answering the phone this week to worried callers whose homes are overrun with ladybirds. When I ask him if he might be overstating the case, just a little bit, he points out that I wouldn't think so if I had armies of insects marching on my kitchen.",
"\"What these people are experiencing is a Hitchcockian The Birds sensation, where thousands of ladybirds are trying to get into their houses. We've probably had more concern about harlequins in the last two weeks than we had in the whole of last year,\" he says.",
"Although the first harlequins to hit these shores were discovered in Essex in September 2004, they have since spread to Durham, Cornwall and Wales, and have made a start on the process that entomologists have feared – the ousting of our native ladybirds.",
"Professor Michael Majerus, a Cambridge ladybird expert, predicted three years ago that their numbers would mushroom having watched their rapid development in the US. The American agricultural industry made the mistake of importing harlequins in the late 1980s as a form of pest control, to eat the aphids on crops. Once the bugs had exhausted the aphids they turned their attention to other species of ladybird, as well as and fruit and grape vines, before looking for a nice place to \"over-winter\". The problem is, once they discover a cosy spot to bed down in during the cold months, they let off pheromones to signal to all their friends to come and join them.",
"\"I love ladybirds,\" says Majerus, who is Professor of Evolution at the Cambridge University's genetics department, \"but I said back in 2004 that they were going to be a significant problem, not just to ecosystems but to people. Three years later I'm sitting here besieged by ladybirds and desperate people. The speed with which it has happened is beyond even what I expected.\"",
"Majerus asks anyone who finds a harlequin to post it to him. On just one day this week he received an entire post bag stuffed with them, as well as around 40 e-mails about the bugs.",
"Despite the benign reputation of ladybirds (exemplified by the Ladybird Books slogan \"Everybody loves a ladybird\"), once they form swarms – which were first spotted on the Isle of Wight last November – they can cause substantial damage. \"They destroy wallpaper, curtains and carpets if they're not found,\" says Shardlow. \"And they poo a sticky black substance everywhere.\" Majerus says their reflex blood, the gooey yellow stuff that seeps out of their joints, is the main problem. \"It smells foul, tastes foul, and stains anything.\"",
"The journalist Annalisa Barbieri has first-hand experience of harlequins in her Suffolk home, and is frustrated that they appear impossible to get rid of. \"We have had swarms of them,\" she says. \"They fly all over the house and settle in huge clusters in the corners of window frames. They also fly at you, and they bite, but you know you can't squash them because they release their orange blood everywhere.\"",
"Barbieri was quite excited when she first spotted some ladybirds, as she had been trying to hatch some in her organic garden for her young daughter to watch. By the time she realised they were harlequins there were already huge numbers of them clustering around the windows on the outside of her house, and coming in through fissures in the wooden frames. \"I actually started to get quite paranoid that someone had put a biblical curse on me,\" she admits.",
"\"It was so bad last Sunday I was thinking that I don't want to live here anymore if it gets any worse. But I don't think it will, because winter is coming.\"",
"A random posting about harlequins on a blog site called Little Red Boat has attracted over 100 comments, revealing how many people living in flats in cities are also being invaded by the spotty black, red and orange bugs.",
"So what advice can the experts offer people like Barbieri? \"Absolutely none,\" says Majerus, worryingly. \"I will not advocate the use of chemical pesticides. I'm sure a lot of people are stamping on them, Hoovering them up and spraying anything on them that they can find. We would tell people that a better way to deal with the ladybirds is to collect them up and send them to us instead.\"",
"Barbieri is also reluctant to use toxic products inside her house but hit upon the idea of wiping away the pheromone trail left by the harlequins with a strong solution of white vinegar. She says it is easy to work out where it is because you can see hundreds of the bugs migrating across surfaces to one spot. Otherwise she waits until they are sleeping in their clusters, Hoovers them up and takes the bag to the tip where they are incinerated.",
"\"People think I'm plucking a number out of the air,\" she says, \"but easily and conservatively I'd say we have got rid of 2,000.\" She says they are quite different to British species of ladybird, calling them \" ladybirds with attitude\". \"I tried to drown one this morning and they're pretty resilient.\"",
"As well as invading people's homes, harlequins are a threat to Britain's biodiversity. By disrupting the food chain with their apparently insatiable appetite for aphids, they have the potential to affect more than 1,000 types of insects and other organisms. If they run out of aphids to eat, they're quite happy to start munching on their fellow ladybirds instead.",
"Professor Majerus says around half of Britain's 46 ladybird species are now at risk. In an attempt to hold back the multicoloured tide he is trying to develop a genetically modified mite that he hopes will sterilise many of the female harlequins and begin to control their rocketing population growth.",
"For now, though, all he can advise is to sit tight and hope for the best. In America one common name for harlequins is the \"Halloween ladybug\", because they start appearing in people's houses at the same time as they're dusting off their vampire capes and scooping the flesh out of pumpkins to make lanterns and pies.",
"\"They appear in people's houses around Halloween over there,\" says Majerus. \"And they're doing the same over here, literally in their tens of thousands.\"",
"Help the harlequin cause by visiting www.harlequin-survey.org or contacting the Ladybird Research Group, University of Cambridge, 219d Huntingdon Road, Cambridge",
"If you've been invaded by any sort of pest you can contact your local authority or a private pest control company to tackle the problem. But if you'd rather engage in some non-toxic bug control methods, here are a few ideas.",
"Cockroaches can cause considerable damage through chewing, and they also leave a nasty smell via their droppings and the pungent pheromone they release to attract their mates. They feed on decomposing food and are a disease risk. To reduce the likelihood of cockroaches traipsing across your work surfaces, keep food well sealed and your surfaces clean. Boric acid kills cockroaches and they will carry it back to their nests and unwittingly kill their friends as well but take care: it is toxic if swallowed by children, so be careful where you wipe it. Cockroaches also hate catnip, and a quick squirt with soapy water will kill them. You can buy non-toxic traps at www.stopthatpest.co.uk.",
"The same traps will work for ants, as will soapy water and boric acid. Try mixing a cup of warm water with half a cup of sugar and two tablespoons of boric acid. Soak the solution up in cotton wool balls and place them near any trails you've seen the ants using in your home. Ants are also deterred by cucumber, mint and cloves, so if you leave any of these where you think the ants are entering, they should look for other more welcoming places to live. Peppermint tea bags are also apparently very effective. If you do know where the ants are getting in, try spreading baby powder, cayenne pepper, lemon juice, cinnamon or coffee around the spot to drive them away.",
"Fleas are usually brought into homes by cats, and your first step should target any infestations on your pets. The simplest non-toxic way to do this is to give them a warm bath and a scrub with some ordinary soap. Boric acid and non-toxic traps are also a good choice here, as is diatomaceous earth. This dust is the fossilised remains of oceanic algae whose shell is so hard and spiky that if the fleas feast on the fine dust, which you sprinkle around your house and on your pets, it will puncture their innards. It is very unpleasant for the flea, but it does work well. You can buy spray bottles of diatomaceous earth at www.greengardener.co.uk.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands.\nWhat's going on? | The Independent\n\n 1. * UK Edition\n * US Edition\n 2. * Sign in\n * Register\n\n * News\n\n * Election 2016\n * World\n * US\n * UK\n * Europe\n * People\n * Science\n * Health\n * Business\n * Voices\n\n * Comment\n * Robert Fisk\n * Mark Steel\n * Grace Dent\n * Holly Baxter\n * Campaigns\n * Editorials\n * Letters\n * Sports\n\n * Formula 1\n * US sports\n * Soccer\n * Cricket\n * Tennis\n * Boxing\n * Formula 1\n * Culture\n\n * Books\n * Film\n * TV\n * Music\n * Art\n * Theatre & Dance\n * Comedy\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Food & drink\n * Health & families\n * Love & sex\n * Motoring\n * Student\n * Travel\n * Fashion\n * Tech\n\n * Gaming\n * Tech culture\n * Tech news\n * Video\n\n * Explainer videos\n * News videos\n * People & culture videos\n * Sport videos\n * IndyBest\n\n * Fashion & Beauty\n * Homes & Design\n * Food & Drink\n * Gadgets & Tech\n * Outdoor & Activity\n * Arts & Books\n * Travel\n * Money\n\n * Health insurance\n * Investments\n * Extras\n\n * The Independent Books\n * Puzzles\n * indy100\n * Apps\n * Ebooks\n * iJobs\n * Dating\n\n * Follow us:\n\n 1. Environment\n 2. Nature\n\n# Ladybirds are invading our houses this autumn, often in their thousands.\nWhat's going on?\n\n * By Sophie Morris\n * Wednesday 17 October 2007 23:00 BST\n\nClick to follow The Independent Online\n\nGod, dare I say it, missed a trick when He unleashed plagues of locusts, lice,\nfrogs and the rest on Egypt all those years ago. Britain's new pestilence is a\ncannibalistic and highly promiscuous species of the humble, sweet ladybird\nthat is a native of Asia.\n\nHarlequin ladybirds, as they are known because they come in a confusing\nvariety of colours and designs, have already flourished in our parks and\nwoods. And, thanks to an absence of their natural predators, they are now\nmaking moves on our homes. The really bad news is that they plan to settle in\nfor the long, cold winter – in their thousands. If you've been picking them\noff your window sills in batches of five or 10, be warned: this might just be\nthe beginning.\n\nScaremongering rhetoric you might think, but Matt Shardlow of Buglife, the\ntrust that speaks up for all of Britain's invertebrates, has been answering\nthe phone this week to worried callers whose homes are overrun with ladybirds.\nWhen I ask him if he might be overstating the case, just a little bit, he\npoints out that I wouldn't think so if I had armies of insects marching on my\nkitchen.\n\n\"What these people are experiencing is a Hitchcockian The Birds sensation,\nwhere thousands of ladybirds are trying to get into their houses. We've\nprobably had more concern about harlequins in the last two weeks than we had\nin the whole of last year,\" he says.\n\nAlthough the first harlequins to hit these shores were discovered in Essex in\nSeptember 2004, they have since spread to Durham, Cornwall and Wales, and have\nmade a start on the process that entomologists have feared – the ousting of\nour native ladybirds.\n\nProfessor Michael Majerus, a Cambridge ladybird expert, predicted three years\nago that their numbers would mushroom having watched their rapid development\nin the US. The American agricultural industry made the mistake of importing\nharlequins in the late 1980s as a form of pest control, to eat the aphids on\ncrops. Once the bugs had exhausted the aphids they turned their attention to\nother species of ladybird, as well as and fruit and grape vines, before\nlooking for a nice place to \"over-winter\". The problem is, once they discover\na cosy spot to bed down in during the cold months, they let off pheromones to\nsignal to all their friends to come and join them.\n\n\"I love ladybirds,\" says Majerus, who is Professor of Evolution at the\nCambridge University's genetics department, \"but I said back in 2004 that they\nwere going to be a significant problem, not just to ecosystems but to people.\nThree years later I'm sitting here besieged by ladybirds and desperate people.\nThe speed with which it has happened is beyond even what I expected.\"\n\nMajerus asks anyone who finds a harlequin to post it to him. On just one day\nthis week he received an entire post bag stuffed with them, as well as around\n40 e-mails about the bugs.\n\nDespite the benign reputation of ladybirds (exemplified by the Ladybird Books\nslogan \"Everybody loves a ladybird\"), once they form swarms – which were first\nspotted on the Isle of Wight last November – they can cause substantial\ndamage. \"They destroy wallpaper, curtains and carpets if they're not found,\"\nsays Shardlow. \"And they poo a sticky black substance everywhere.\" Majerus\nsays their reflex blood, the gooey yellow stuff that seeps out of their\njoints, is the main problem. \"It smells foul, tastes foul, and stains\nanything.\"\n\nThe journalist Annalisa Barbieri has first-hand experience of harlequins in\nher Suffolk home, and is frustrated that they appear impossible to get rid of.\n\"We have had swarms of them,\" she says. \"They fly all over the house and\nsettle in huge clusters in the corners of window frames. They also fly at you,\nand they bite, but you know you can't squash them because they release their\norange blood everywhere.\"\n\nBarbieri was quite excited when she first spotted some ladybirds, as she had\nbeen trying to hatch some in her organic garden for her young daughter to\nwatch. By the time she realised they were harlequins there were already huge\nnumbers of them clustering around the windows on the outside of her house, and\ncoming in through fissures in the wooden frames. \"I actually started to get\nquite paranoid that someone had put a biblical curse on me,\" she admits.\n\n\"It was so bad last Sunday I was thinking that I don't want to live here\nanymore if it gets any worse. But I don't think it will, because winter is\ncoming.\"\n\nA random posting about harlequins on a blog site called Little Red Boat has\nattracted over 100 comments, revealing how many people living in flats in\ncities are also being invaded by the spotty black, red and orange bugs.\n\nSo what advice can the experts offer people like Barbieri? \"Absolutely none,\"\nsays Majerus, worryingly. \"I will not advocate the use of chemical pesticides.\nI'm sure a lot of people are stamping on them, Hoovering them up and spraying\nanything on them that they can find. We would tell people that a better way to\ndeal with the ladybirds is to collect them up and send them to us instead.\"\n\nBarbieri is also reluctant to use toxic products inside her house but hit upon\nthe idea of wiping away the pheromone trail left by the harlequins with a\nstrong solution of white vinegar. She says it is easy to work out where it is\nbecause you can see hundreds of the bugs migrating across surfaces to one\nspot. Otherwise she waits until they are sleeping in their clusters, Hoovers\nthem up and takes the bag to the tip where they are incinerated.\n\n\"People think I'm plucking a number out of the air,\" she says, \"but easily and\nconservatively I'd say we have got rid of 2,000.\" She says they are quite\ndifferent to British species of ladybird, calling them \" ladybirds with\nattitude\". \"I tried to drown one this morning and they're pretty resilient.\"\n\nAs well as invading people's homes, harlequins are a threat to Britain's\nbiodiversity. By disrupting the food chain with their apparently insatiable\nappetite for aphids, they have the potential to affect more than 1,000 types\nof insects and other organisms. If they run out of aphids to eat, they're\nquite happy to start munching on their fellow ladybirds instead.\n\nProfessor Majerus says around half of Britain's 46 ladybird species are now at\nrisk. In an attempt to hold back the multicoloured tide he is trying to\ndevelop a genetically modified mite that he hopes will sterilise many of the\nfemale harlequins and begin to control their rocketing population growth.\n\nFor now, though, all he can advise is to sit tight and hope for the best. In\nAmerica one common name for harlequins is the \"Halloween ladybug\", because\nthey start appearing in people's houses at the same time as they're dusting\noff their vampire capes and scooping the flesh out of pumpkins to make\nlanterns and pies.\n\n\"They appear in people's houses around Halloween over there,\" says Majerus.\n\"And they're doing the same over here, literally in their tens of thousands.\"\n\nHelp the harlequin cause by visiting www.harlequin-survey.org or contacting\nthe Ladybird Research Group, University of Cambridge, 219d Huntingdon Road,\nCambridge\n\nCombat those creepy-crawlies\n\nIf you've been invaded by any sort of pest you can contact your local\nauthority or a private pest control company to tackle the problem. But if\nyou'd rather engage in some non-toxic bug control methods, here are a few\nideas.\n\nCOCKROACHES\n\nCockroaches can cause considerable damage through chewing, and they also leave\na nasty smell via their droppings and the pungent pheromone they release to\nattract their mates. They feed on decomposing food and are a disease risk. To\nreduce the likelihood of cockroaches traipsing across your work surfaces, keep\nfood well sealed and your surfaces clean. Boric acid kills cockroaches and\nthey will carry it back to their nests and unwittingly kill their friends as\nwell but take care: it is toxic if swallowed by children, so be careful where\nyou wipe it. Cockroaches also hate catnip, and a quick squirt with soapy water\nwill kill them. You can buy non-toxic traps at www.stopthatpest.co.uk.\n\nANTS\n\nThe same traps will work for ants, as will soapy water and boric acid. Try\nmixing a cup of warm water with half a cup of sugar and two tablespoons of\nboric acid. Soak the solution up in cotton wool balls and place them near any\ntrails you've seen the ants using in your home. Ants are also deterred by\ncucumber, mint and cloves, so if you leave any of these where you think the\nants are entering, they should look for other more welcoming places to live.\nPeppermint tea bags are also apparently very effective. If you do know where\nthe ants are getting in, try spreading baby powder, cayenne pepper, lemon\njuice, cinnamon or coffee around the spot to drive them away.\n\nFLEAS\n\nFleas are usually brought into homes by cats, and your first step should\ntarget any infestations on your pets. The simplest non-toxic way to do this is\nto give them a warm bath and a scrub with some ordinary soap. Boric acid and\nnon-toxic traps are also a good choice here, as is diatomaceous earth. This\ndust is the fossilised remains of oceanic algae whose shell is so hard and\nspiky that if the fleas feast on the fine dust, which you sprinkle around your\nhouse and on your pets, it will puncture their innards. It is very unpleasant\nfor the flea, but it does work well. You can buy spray bottles of diatomaceous\nearth at www.greengardener.co.uk.\n\nReuse content\n\n## Comments\n\n## Most Popular\n\n## Video\n\n## Sponsored Features\n\n * Follow us:\n\n * User Policies\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Code of Conduct\n * Complaint Form\n * Contact Us\n * Contributors\n * All Topics\n * Archive\n * Newsletters\n * Jobs\n * Subscriptions\n * Advertising Guide\n * Syndication\n * Evening Standard\n * Novaya Gazeta\n * Install our Apps\n\nWe use cookies to enhance your visit to our site and to bring you\nadvertisements that might interest you. 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If you are in Firefox click \"disable on independent.co.uk\".\n\n### Firefox Tracking Protection\n\n * If you are Private Browsing in Firefox, \"Tracking Protection\" may cause the adblock notice to show. It can be temporarily disabled by clicking the \"shield\" icon in the address bar.\n\n### Ghostery\n\n * Click the Ghostery icon.\n * In versions before 6.0 click \"whitelist site\".\n * In version 6.0 click \"trust site\" or add independent.co.uk to your Trusted Site list.\n * In versions before 6.0 you will see the message \"Site is whitelisted\".\n * Click \"reload the page to see your changes\".\n\n### uBlock\n\n * Click the uBlock icon.\n * Then click the big power button to whitelist the current web site, and its state will be remembered next time you visit the web site.\n * Then reload the page.\n\nThank you for supporting independent.co.uk\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/pests/asian-lady-beetle",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210730151951/https://extension.wvu.edu/lawn-gardening-pests/pests/asian-lady-beetle",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Asian Lady Beetles",
"passages": [
"The multicolored Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) is native to Asia, but has become common throughout much of the United States. Federal, state and private entomologists have released the insect at a number of locations throughout the United States in an attempt to naturally control insect pests in trees. There are also several reports of accidental entries from international cargo ships arriving at various port cities, notably New Orleans.",
"The multicolored Asian lady beetle occurs in many color combinations. Adult beetles are oval and convex, measuring roughly 6 mm long and 5 mm wide. North American populations have a mix of individuals ranging in color from pale yellow-orange to bright red-orange, with or without black spots on the wing covers. The pronotum (top covering of middle body part) is white to straw- yellow with several black spots joined to form two curved lines, an M-shaped mark or a solid trapezoid.",
"The multicolored Asian lady beetle has four distinct life stages: egg, larva, pupa and adult. It also has multiple generations per year. Beetles spend the winter as adults in protected sites. Eggs are laid in the early spring on the undersides of leaves and generally hatch in three to five days. The larval stage lasts 12 to 14 days, and the pupal stage, which takes place on leaves, lasts five to six days. After emergence, some adults can live as long as two to three years under optimal conditions.",
"Outdoors during the growing season, multicolored Asian lady beetles are beneficial aphid predators and also control other soft-bodied insects associated with trees, shrubs, ornamental plants and agricultural crops.",
"The beetles are attracted to houses with light-colored exteriors, such as white or yellow, and will often congregate in areas exposed to afternoon sun. Although they will not cause structural damage to houses like termites, they emit an unpleasant odor and can stain walls and fabrics if agitated or crushed. Lady beetles can cause allergies and skin irritations in some people, but are not poisonous or otherwise harmful to humans, pets or property. The beetles do not carry disease, but can bite in rare cases.",
"Multicolored Asian lady beetles enter the house through small openings around doors, windows and utility access points. In addition, they can enter through siding gaps, cracks and attic vents. Sealing those entry points is the best method of keeping Asian Lady beetles and other pests from entering the home.",
"Use a high-quality silicone caulk to seal all cracks. To remove beetles in the home, use either a broom and dust pan or a vacuum cleaner. When using the vacuum, be sure to change the bag or empty the canister to the collected beetles from escaping.",
"Fast-acting, residual formulations of synthetic pyrethroids (e.g., cypermethrin, cyfluthrin, lambda cyhalothrin and deltamethrin) can be applied around eaves, attic vents, windows, doors, siding and other likely entry points for pests.",
"The key is to start treatments in late September or early October before the beetles enter buildings to overwinter. Once the beetles are indoors (i.e., winter or early-spring), such treatments are ineffective. These sprays serve as a chemical barrier, preventing the insects from entering, so timing and thorough coverage are essential for effective control.",
"If the beetles have entered, do not use insecticides except for severe cases of large and persistent lady beetle infestations. Indoor pesticide applications have limited effectiveness since large numbers of these insects typically hide in inaccessible areas.",
"If necessary, residual pyrethroids appear to be the most effective, but they must be applied directly to the beetles or to the surfaces they crawl over. Different companies may market products under a variety of trade names that contain a residual pyrethroid as the active ingredient. If you need to spray, make sure that you use an aerosol insecticide labeled for household insects and do not forget to remove the dead beetles.",
"Do not use any type of aerosol fogger or “bug bomb” in an attempt to control lady beetles. Such chemical treatments are not warranted. These treatments do not control the majority of lady beetles behind walls and other unseen areas. In addition, the active ingredient in these “bug bombs” has limited effectiveness against the pests. Overuse of these products can lead to unnecessary human exposure. These products can actually increase some indoor pest problems when scavenging pests such as ants, carpet beetles, and larder beetles move in to feed on accumulated dead insects.",
"WVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action Employer -- Minority/Female/Disability/Veteran. In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). The WVU Board of Governors is the governing body of WVU. The Higher Education Policy Commission in West Virginia is responsible for developing, establishing, and overseeing the implementation of a public policy agenda for the state’s four-year colleges and universities. Reasonable accommodations will be made to provide this content in alternate formats upon request. Contact the WVU Extension Service Office of Communications at 304-293-4222.",
"To protect the health and safety of our employees and community, many WVU and WVU Extension Service employees are working remotely. While we may not be physically in our brick and mortar offices, we are working hard to assist our fellow West Virginians in all 55 counties. For information about WVU’s efforts, check coronavirus.wvu.edu for more.",
"In accordance with Federal law and U.S. Department of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this institution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color, national origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior civil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Asian Lady Beetles | Extension Service | West Virginia University\n\nSkip to main content\n\nExtension Service\n\nExtension Employees WVU Home\n\n * Home\n * Lawn, Gardening & Pests\n * Insect Pests\n * Asian Lady Beetles\n\n# Asian Lady Beetles\n\nShare this\n\n## About Asian Lady Beetles\n\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle (Harmonia axyridis) is native to Asia, but\nhas become common throughout much of the United States. Federal, state and\nprivate entomologists have released the insect at a number of locations\nthroughout the United States in an attempt to naturally control insect pests\nin trees. There are also several reports of accidental entries from\ninternational cargo ships arriving at various port cities, notably New\nOrleans.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Description\n\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle occurs in many color combinations. Adult\nbeetles are oval and convex, measuring roughly 6 mm long and 5 mm wide. North\nAmerican populations have a mix of individuals ranging in color from pale\nyellow-orange to bright red-orange, with or without black spots on the wing\ncovers. The pronotum (top covering of middle body part) is white to straw-\nyellow with several black spots joined to form two curved lines, an M-shaped\nmark or a solid trapezoid.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Life Cycle\n\nThe multicolored Asian lady beetle has four distinct life stages: egg, larva,\npupa and adult. It also has multiple generations per year. Beetles spend the\nwinter as adults in protected sites. Eggs are laid in the early spring on the\nundersides of leaves and generally hatch in three to five days. The larval\nstage lasts 12 to 14 days, and the pupal stage, which takes place on leaves,\nlasts five to six days. After emergence, some adults can live as long as two\nto three years under optimal conditions.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Damage\n\nOutdoors during the growing season, multicolored Asian lady beetles are\nbeneficial aphid predators and also control other soft-bodied insects\nassociated with trees, shrubs, ornamental plants and agricultural crops.\n\nThe beetles are attracted to houses with light-colored exteriors, such as\nwhite or yellow, and will often congregate in areas exposed to afternoon sun.\nAlthough they will not cause structural damage to houses like termites, they\nemit an unpleasant odor and can stain walls and fabrics if agitated or\ncrushed. Lady beetles can cause allergies and skin irritations in some people,\nbut are not poisonous or otherwise harmful to humans, pets or property. The\nbeetles do not carry disease, but can bite in rare cases.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Control\n\n### Non-chemical Control for Asian Lady Beetles\n\nMulticolored Asian lady beetles enter the house through small openings around\ndoors, windows and utility access points. In addition, they can enter through\nsiding gaps, cracks and attic vents. Sealing those entry points is the best\nmethod of keeping Asian Lady beetles and other pests from entering the home.\n\nUse a high-quality silicone caulk to seal all cracks. To remove beetles in the\nhome, use either a broom and dust pan or a vacuum cleaner. When using the\nvacuum, be sure to change the bag or empty the canister to the collected\nbeetles from escaping.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetle Chemical Control\n\n### Exclusion of Asian Lady Beetles\n\nFast-acting, residual formulations of synthetic pyrethroids (e.g.,\ncypermethrin, cyfluthrin, lambda cyhalothrin and deltamethrin) can be applied\naround eaves, attic vents, windows, doors, siding and other likely entry\npoints for pests.\n\nThe key is to start treatments in late September or early October before the\nbeetles enter buildings to overwinter. Once the beetles are indoors (i.e.,\nwinter or early-spring), such treatments are ineffective. These sprays serve\nas a chemical barrier, preventing the insects from entering, so timing and\nthorough coverage are essential for effective control.\n\n### Large-scale Control of Asian Lady Beetles\n\nIf the beetles have entered, do not use insecticides except for severe cases\nof large and persistent lady beetle infestations. Indoor pesticide\napplications have limited effectiveness since large numbers of these insects\ntypically hide in inaccessible areas.\n\nIf necessary, residual pyrethroids appear to be the most effective, but they\nmust be applied directly to the beetles or to the surfaces they crawl over.\nDifferent companies may market products under a variety of trade names that\ncontain a residual pyrethroid as the active ingredient. If you need to spray,\nmake sure that you use an aerosol insecticide labeled for household insects\nand do not forget to remove the dead beetles.\n\nDo not use any type of aerosol fogger or “bug bomb” in an attempt to control\nlady beetles. Such chemical treatments are not warranted. These treatments do\nnot control the majority of lady beetles behind walls and other unseen areas.\nIn addition, the active ingredient in these “bug bombs” has limited\neffectiveness against the pests. Overuse of these products can lead to\nunnecessary human exposure. These products can actually increase some indoor\npest problems when scavenging pests such as ants, carpet beetles, and larder\nbeetles move in to feed on accumulated dead insects.\n\nReviewed by: Carlos Quesada, WVU Extension Service Entomology Specialist\n\nAuthored by: Daniel Frank, former WVU Extension Service Entomology Specialist\nLast Reviewed: March 2021\n\nWVU is an EEO/Affirmative Action Employer --\nMinority/Female/Disability/Veteran. In accordance with Federal law and U.S.\nDepartment of Agriculture (USDA) civil rights regulations and policies, this\ninstitution is prohibited from discriminating on the basis of race, color,\nnational origin, sex, age, disability, and reprisal or retaliation for prior\ncivil rights activity. (Not all prohibited bases apply to all programs). The\nWVU Board of Governors is the governing body of WVU. The Higher Education\nPolicy Commission in West Virginia is responsible for developing,\nestablishing, and overseeing the implementation of a public policy agenda for\nthe state’s four-year colleges and universities. Reasonable accommodations\nwill be made to provide this content in alternate formats upon request.\nContact the WVU Extension Service Office of Communications at 304-293-4222.\n\n#### Lawn, Gardening & Pests\n\n * Garden Calendar\n * Gardening\n * Lawn\n * Master Gardener Program\n * Indoor Plants\n * Insect Pests\n\n * Asian Lady Beetles\n * Bed Bugs\n * Boxelder Bugs\n * Brown Marmorated Stink Bugs\n * Carpenter Bees\n * Cicadas\n * Colorado Potato Beetles\n * Corn Earworm\n * Cucumber Beetles\n * Eastern Tent Caterpillars\n * Fall Webworms\n * Harlequin Bugs\n * Japanese Beetles\n * Lecanium Scale\n * Pantry Pests\n * Plum Curculio\n * Poplar Tree Pests\n * Slugs & Snails\n * Spotted Lanternflies\n * Spotted Wing Drosophila\n * Ticks\n * White Grubs\n * Plant Disease\n * Trees & Shrubs\n * Weeds\n * Lawn, Gardening & Pests Learning Activities\n\n### Learn more about lawn, gardening & pests...\n\n * Upcoming Events\n * News\n * Publications\n * Jobs\n * Contact Us\n\n##### Extension Team\n\n * Extension County Offices\n * Extension Directory\n * About Extension\n * Give\n\nDownload the Garden Calendar\n\nGrow This! 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},
{
"original_url": "https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506194111/https://getridofthings.com/get-rid-of-ladybugs/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Get Rid of Ladybugs",
"passages": [
"It’s true that the ladybugs (or ladybirds, if you’re from across the pond) you want to get rid of aren’t actually lady bugs. Well, they are, and they aren’t. Most of the problems you’re seeing with migration of ladybugs indoors aren’t caused by the native species of ladybugs in your area (though there are those). Most ladybug problems and infestations are caused by the multicolored Asian lady beetle, imported by the government to help reduce the populations of tree-killing aphids. Like may well-intentioned programs, the Asian lady beetle experiment did not go terribly well.",
"A lot of people harbor the misconception that lady bugs and Asian beetles are pests, or that the Asian beetle is a pest and the ladybug is not. The truth is, neither beetle is a pest; they both feed on aphids, which, if you’re a gardener, you know are one of the most common and most harmful garden pests. Ladybugs and Asian beetles eat aphids. In fact, some gardeners actually have bags of ladybugs shipped to them so they can do a controlled release.",
"Nevertheless you came here to get rid of ladybugs. Though you can’t ever get rid of ladybugs or get rid of Asian beetles, there are some things you can do to control their migration indoors and their populations outdoors.",
"There isn’t much of a difference. True, they’re all a different species of insect, but their life cycles and their predatory natures are much the same. Both ladybugs and Asian lady beetles eat aphids and a multitude of different crop-killing insects and mites. Both the Asian lady beetle and the American ladybug are considered tremendously beneficial insects for agricultural purposes. Several beetles were brought to America because they tended to eat aphids that fed on trees, rather than crops and garden vegetation.",
"Asian beetles tend to come out in the fall, and similar to the boxelder bug, invade for just a few weeks but in very large numbers. Then they are gone for a while, and return in the spring.",
"The biggest differences between the two is that an Asian lady beetle has an “M” marking on the back of its head, about where its neck would be if it was a mammal. In addition, Asian lady beetles are much more invasive than ladybugs, which tend to live in better harmony with nature.",
"This article focuses on ladybugs, but in reality, the two are pretty similar if you are trying to get rid of them.!",
"Perhaps the most common way for ladybugs to get into your home is through a crack in your screen windows or through a screen door that doesn’t properly fit the frame it’s resting in. In this sense, ladybugs get in the exact same way other bugs and grubs do, through a small, tiny gap. Our piece on how to get rid of centipedes, for example, gives very similar advice.",
"It doesn’t take much of a crack at all to have ladybugs sneak into your home. In fact, relatively new houses that are well-sealed can get ladybugs. If you find ladybugs coming in through your windows or door seals, don’t assume that it is because of a construction flaw — these little beetles are just that good!",
"Weather stripping is probably the cheapest way to seal screen doors, while a torn window screen will probably require a new screen. Luckily for you, screening is cheap if you choose to repair it yourself, and standard-sized window screens are cheap if DIY window repair isn’t your cup of tea.",
"Although given the fact you can replace a window screen with a $4 tool, $5 worth of screen, like this one on Amazon, and a bit of time, it’s silly not to give it an attempt.",
"Don’t forget skylights! Skylights are much more difficult to inspect and maintain. As a result, they tend to have deferred maintenance and gaps that result in bugs getting in.",
"Some ladybugs are just too stubborn to take the easy way indoors, and instead they will try to get in through the siding of your house. Either inspect and seal the siding yourself, making sure to seal siding that surrounds things like air vents and piping, or have a professional siding company come in and do the job for you.",
"Either way, preventing the migration of Asian beetles and ladybugs indoors requires that you bar any entrance from outside into your home. You may even want to consider temporarily blocking your roof vents when the weather starts to get colder.",
"The tiniest of gaps can cause ladybugs to find their way into the cavity around a window or door. A good idea each spring is to seal around any windows and door frames. Gorilla sells a good, all-purpose sealer (here on Amazon) that works in most situations.",
"Diatomaceous earth is a natural pest deterrent that I’ve been pushing in my articles for quite some time. It comes from fossilized algae that are mined and then eithe refined for medical purposes or bagged for landscaping and pest control needs. The most popular theory regarding diatomite’s effectiveness suggests that it is the microscopically, razor sharp composition of the algae that cut through the exoskeleton of the intruding insect, causing death by dehydration. This strategy of lining the sides of your house with this sediment with diatomaceous earth has been recommended to help control earwig populations, and I would recommend it as a possible way to control ladybug populations as well.",
"We get it. Not everyone is a fan of using pesticides or insecticides. In fact, we avoid using them whenever we can. But there are some situations when a pesticide is perhaps the most sure and definitive answer to a pest outbreak.",
"Cornell University suggests that such a pesticide (usually a pyrethrin or pyrethroid) be applied to outside walls and siding, as well as around eaves, attic vents, roof overhangs, and doors and windows. Pyrethrin is one of the most commonly used insectides on the market today, and the variants of it (called pyrethroids) are abundant as well. Usually this is mixed with a carrier substrate which acts as a light adhesive, binding the pyrethrin to the surface it is sprayed upon. Ladybugs that come into contact with the substance die shortly afterwards.",
"Pesticides usually work best on active ladybugs. They generally don’t work on overwintering ladybugs that are harder to get at, and not quite as active.",
"I found this trick to be particularly clever. What you do is take the hose to your vacuum and stick a nylon down it, and sealing the nylon to the vacuum hose with a rubber band. What you’ve done, essentially, is to create a filter on the end of your vacuum hose. Then all you do is go around the house on a particularly “fruitful” day for ladybug migration and vacuum them up. They get trapped in the nylon, which is then removed, tied, and throw in the garbage–or you can empty the nylon somewhere far away from your home. This is probably the most effective and least ecologically destructive way to get rid of ladybugs.",
"Since all of the hype surrounding the spike in the populations of asian beetles (multicolored asian lady bugs) started, a lot of companies have popped up claiming that they have the perfect ladybug control. I can’t advise you to purchase any of these products because I’ve never used them.",
"Ladybug control in the spring and fall is a lot like boxelder bug control; there is no certain poison designed specifically to kill either pest. Some pest control professionals recommend using ladybug traps in what is called a “push and pull” strategy. Essentially, a toxic chemical is used to push the ladybugs out of the places where they’re hiding and a trap filled with ladybug attractants (usually sold with the ladybug trap) are then used to remove the ladybug.",
"I assume that this strategy would work from a logical stand point, but again, I’ve never tried it. Though perhaps I’ll purchase a trap for use this spring. Until then, if you want to try some of the ladybug control devices offered, please let me know how they work. I may use your testimonials in a subsequent update of how to get rid of ladybugs.",
"As I mention in the main text of how to get rid of ladybugs, diatomaceous earth is a perfectly natural substitute for pyrethrins, particularly those that are dusted into crevices or sprayed on the ground to control ladybug populations. If ladybugs really aren’t your cup of tea, you might want to consider using diatomaceous earth in more of your landscaping projects.You can order bags of it at Amazon.",
"According to a study cited by OSU, ladybugs and asian beetles are extremely sensitive to camphor and menthol vapors. This is good news for those of us with massive infestations; misting those areas where ladybugs are thought to be overwintering may drive them out of their hiding areas where they can be captured.",
"Since ladybugs tend to be driven toward light when they come out of their hiding places in our homes, instead of letting them sit by the window and fly away when it gets dark, why not put a bowl of water with a dab of soap next to lamps and windows? The drop of soap kills water tension (which bugs rely on to escape when they come into contact with water) and when bugs come into contact with the solution they drown rather than float. It’s worth a shot, right?",
"Otherwise known as Borax, boric acid has been used as a natural pesticide for quite some time and its application is similar to that of pyrethrins and/or pyrethroids. It is dusted into hard to reach places, or areas where ladybugs and other pests like cockroaches are thought to be hiding. Contact with the substance is necessary in order to kill the invading ladybug, so apply this powder where ever you’re certain they will tread on it. You can get Boric Acid powder from Amazon.",
"Yes. Each fall, ladybugs start scouting for good places to spend the winter. They usually look for well-protected areas like piles of junk, trees that have crevices or loose bark, and yes, your house. When it comes to your house, they usually find a seam where they can sneak into the siding or roof, and hang out completely unnoticed by you. This is why it is so important to seal your house up.",
"Then, the first day in the spring when it starts to warm up and you notice a good warm sun hitting your house, you might see ladybug activity.",
"Most ladybugs are completely harmless. The ladybugs that you and I probably grew up with, the native variety, don’t bite. They are actually quite nice.",
"As mentioned earlier, though, there are many bugs that are mistaken for or included in the umbrella of ladybugs. Asian lady beetles (we discussed them earlier) can bite. They don’t have venom, but they can give you a little pinch if they land on you.",
"No, ladybugs might nibble on a piece of fruit or a plant in your garden, but they really can’t make a dent in it or harm the health of the plant.",
"In fact, most ladybugs are beneficial for plants, because they eat the more harmful insects that are known risks for your garden or plants.",
"On balance, ladybugs are probably garden helpers because of their ability to eat the pests that are going after the stuff you are trying to grow.",
"The only place in North America that is not in ladybug range is the Northern 1/3 of Canada and Alaska, areas that are pretty sparsely populated. They are hardy creatures, and in the lower 48 of the USA and most of Europe, ladybugs are common.",
"There are, after all, 6,000 types of ladybugs, so one of them is bound to be able to survive in your backyard."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Rid of Ladybugs | GetRidofThings.com\n\n### Site Search\n\nExplore\n\nPests / Beetles\n\n# How to Get Rid of Ladybugs\n\nUpdated - October 19, 2020 / Julianne Ragland\n\nIt’s true that the ladybugs (or ladybirds, if you’re from across the pond) you\nwant to get rid of aren’t actually lady bugs. Well, they are, and they aren’t.\nMost of the problems you’re seeing with migration of ladybugs indoors aren’t\ncaused by the native species of ladybugs in your area (though there are\nthose). Most ladybug problems and infestations are caused by the multicolored\nAsian lady beetle, imported by the government to help reduce the populations\nof tree-killing aphids. Like may well-intentioned programs, the Asian lady\nbeetle experiment did not go terribly well.\n\nA lot of people harbor the misconception that lady bugs and Asian beetles are\npests, or that the Asian beetle is a pest and the ladybug is not. The truth\nis, neither beetle is a pest; they both feed on aphids, which, if you’re a\ngardener, you know are one of the most common and most harmful garden pests.\nLadybugs and Asian beetles eat aphids. In fact, some gardeners actually have\nbags of ladybugs shipped to them so they can do a controlled release.\n\nNevertheless you came here to get rid of ladybugs. Though you can’t ever get\nrid of ladybugs or get rid of Asian beetles, there are some things you can do\nto control their migration indoors and their populations outdoors.\n\n## Asian Lady Beetles vs. Native Ladybugs?\n\nThere isn’t much of a difference. True, they’re all a different species of\ninsect, but their life cycles and their predatory natures are much the same.\nBoth ladybugs and Asian lady beetles eat aphids and a multitude of different\ncrop-killing insects and mites. Both the Asian lady beetle and the American\nladybug are considered tremendously beneficial insects for agricultural\npurposes. Several beetles were brought to America because they tended to eat\naphids that fed on trees, rather than crops and garden vegetation.\n\nAsian beetles tend to come out in the fall, and similar to the boxelder bug,\ninvade for just a few weeks but in very large numbers. Then they are gone for\na while, and return in the spring.\n\nThe biggest differences between the two is that an Asian lady beetle has an\n“M” marking on the back of its head, about where its neck would be if it was a\nmammal. In addition, Asian lady beetles are much more invasive than ladybugs,\nwhich tend to live in better harmony with nature.\n\nThis article focuses on ladybugs, but in reality, the two are pretty similar\nif you are trying to get rid of them.!\n\n## Best Ways to Get Rid of Ladybugs\n\n### Screen doors, window screens, and screened in porches should be inspected\nand properly sealed if you want to get rid of ladybugs.\n\nPerhaps the most common way for ladybugs to get into your home is through a\ncrack in your screen windows or through a screen door that doesn’t properly\nfit the frame it’s resting in. In this sense, ladybugs get in the exact same\nway other bugs and grubs do, through a small, tiny gap. Our piece on how to\nget rid of centipedes, for example, gives very similar advice.\n\nIt doesn’t take much of a crack at all to have ladybugs sneak into your home.\nIn fact, relatively new houses that are well-sealed can get ladybugs. If you\nfind ladybugs coming in through your windows or door seals, don’t assume that\nit is because of a construction flaw — these little beetles are just that\ngood!\n\nWeather stripping is probably the cheapest way to seal screen doors, while a\ntorn window screen will probably require a new screen. Luckily for you,\nscreening is cheap if you choose to repair it yourself, and standard-sized\nwindow screens are cheap if DIY window repair isn’t your cup of tea.\n\nAlthough given the fact you can replace a window screen with a $4 tool, $5\nworth of screen, like this one on Amazon, and a bit of time, it’s silly not to\ngive it an attempt.\n\nDon’t forget skylights! Skylights are much more difficult to inspect and\nmaintain. As a result, they tend to have deferred maintenance and gaps that\nresult in bugs getting in.\n\n### Door frames, window frames, and siding is the next thing you’ll want to\nseal to get rid of ladybugs.\n\nSome ladybugs are just too stubborn to take the easy way indoors, and instead\nthey will try to get in through the siding of your house. Either inspect and\nseal the siding yourself, making sure to seal siding that surrounds things\nlike air vents and piping, or have a professional siding company come in and\ndo the job for you.\n\nEither way, preventing the migration of Asian beetles and ladybugs indoors\nrequires that you bar any entrance from outside into your home. You may even\nwant to consider temporarily blocking your roof vents when the weather starts\nto get colder.\n\nThe tiniest of gaps can cause ladybugs to find their way into the cavity\naround a window or door. A good idea each spring is to seal around any windows\nand door frames. Gorilla sells a good, all-purpose sealer (here on Amazon)\nthat works in most situations.\n\n### Landscaping professionals have noted that lining the immediate perimeter\nof your house with food grade diatomaceous earth will get rid of ladybugs.\n\nDiatomaceous earth is a natural pest deterrent that I’ve been pushing in my\narticles for quite some time. It comes from fossilized algae that are mined\nand then eithe refined for medical purposes or bagged for landscaping and pest\ncontrol needs. The most popular theory regarding diatomite’s effectiveness\nsuggests that it is the microscopically, razor sharp composition of the algae\nthat cut through the exoskeleton of the intruding insect, causing death by\ndehydration. This strategy of lining the sides of your house with this\nsediment with diatomaceous earth has been recommended to help control earwig\npopulations, and I would recommend it as a possible way to control ladybug\npopulations as well.\n\n### A long-lasting pesticide or insecticide can help prevent ladybug\nmigration.\n\nWe get it. Not everyone is a fan of using pesticides or insecticides. In fact,\nwe avoid using them whenever we can. But there are some situations when a\npesticide is perhaps the most sure and definitive answer to a pest outbreak.\n\nCornell University suggests that such a pesticide (usually a pyrethrin or\npyrethroid) be applied to outside walls and siding, as well as around eaves,\nattic vents, roof overhangs, and doors and windows. Pyrethrin is one of the\nmost commonly used insectides on the market today, and the variants of it\n(called pyrethroids) are abundant as well. Usually this is mixed with a\ncarrier substrate which acts as a light adhesive, binding the pyrethrin to the\nsurface it is sprayed upon. Ladybugs that come into contact with the substance\ndie shortly afterwards.\n\nPesticides usually work best on active ladybugs. They generally don’t work on\noverwintering ladybugs that are harder to get at, and not quite as active.\n\n### The Ohio State University Extension office also offers a quick and\neffective way to control ladybug populations indoors as well.\n\nI found this trick to be particularly clever. What you do is take the hose to\nyour vacuum and stick a nylon down it, and sealing the nylon to the vacuum\nhose with a rubber band. What you’ve done, essentially, is to create a filter\non the end of your vacuum hose. Then all you do is go around the house on a\nparticularly “fruitful” day for ladybug migration and vacuum them up. They get\ntrapped in the nylon, which is then removed, tied, and throw in the garbage–or\nyou can empty the nylon somewhere far away from your home. This is probably\nthe most effective and least ecologically destructive way to get rid of\nladybugs.\n\nThis technique actually works great on boxelder bugs, too.\n\nSince all of the hype surrounding the spike in the populations of asian\nbeetles (multicolored asian lady bugs) started, a lot of companies have popped\nup claiming that they have the perfect ladybug control. I can’t advise you to\npurchase any of these products because I’ve never used them.\n\nLadybug control in the spring and fall is a lot like boxelder bug control;\nthere is no certain poison designed specifically to kill either pest. Some\npest control professionals recommend using ladybug traps in what is called a\n“push and pull” strategy. Essentially, a toxic chemical is used to push the\nladybugs out of the places where they’re hiding and a trap filled with ladybug\nattractants (usually sold with the ladybug trap) are then used to remove the\nladybug.\n\nI assume that this strategy would work from a logical stand point, but again,\nI’ve never tried it. Though perhaps I’ll purchase a trap for use this spring.\nUntil then, if you want to try some of the ladybug control devices offered,\nplease let me know how they work. I may use your testimonials in a subsequent\nupdate of how to get rid of ladybugs.\n\n## Best Natural Ladybug Control Methods\n\n### Food Grade Diatomaceous Earth.\n\nAs I mention in the main text of how to get rid of ladybugs, diatomaceous\nearth is a perfectly natural substitute for pyrethrins, particularly those\nthat are dusted into crevices or sprayed on the ground to control ladybug\npopulations. If ladybugs really aren’t your cup of tea, you might want to\nconsider using diatomaceous earth in more of your landscaping projects.You can\norder bags of it at Amazon.\n\n### Camphor & Menthol are apparently very good ladybug repellents.\n\nAccording to a study cited by OSU, ladybugs and asian beetles are extremely\nsensitive to camphor and menthol vapors. This is good news for those of us\nwith massive infestations; misting those areas where ladybugs are thought to\nbe overwintering may drive them out of their hiding areas where they can be\ncaptured.\n\n### Soap & Water Traps\n\nSince ladybugs tend to be driven toward light when they come out of their\nhiding places in our homes, instead of letting them sit by the window and fly\naway when it gets dark, why not put a bowl of water with a dab of soap next to\nlamps and windows? The drop of soap kills water tension (which bugs rely on to\nescape when they come into contact with water) and when bugs come into contact\nwith the solution they drown rather than float. It’s worth a shot, right?\n\n### Boric Acid.\n\nOtherwise known as Borax, boric acid has been used as a natural pesticide for\nquite some time and its application is similar to that of pyrethrins and/or\npyrethroids. It is dusted into hard to reach places, or areas where ladybugs\nand other pests like cockroaches are thought to be hiding. Contact with the\nsubstance is necessary in order to kill the invading ladybug, so apply this\npowder where ever you’re certain they will tread on it. You can get Boric Acid\npowder from Amazon.\n\n## Ladybug FAQs\n\n### Do Ladybugs Hibernate?\n\nYes. Each fall, ladybugs start scouting for good places to spend the winter.\nThey usually look for well-protected areas like piles of junk, trees that have\ncrevices or loose bark, and yes, your house. When it comes to your house, they\nusually find a seam where they can sneak into the siding or roof, and hang out\ncompletely unnoticed by you. This is why it is so important to seal your house\nup.\n\nThey usually congregate with many other bugs, hunker down, and take a nice\nlong nap for the winter.\n\nThen, the first day in the spring when it starts to warm up and you notice a\ngood warm sun hitting your house, you might see ladybug activity.\n\n### Do Ladybugs Bite?\n\nMost ladybugs are completely harmless. The ladybugs that you and I probably\ngrew up with, the native variety, don’t bite. They are actually quite nice.\n\nAs mentioned earlier, though, there are many bugs that are mistaken for or\nincluded in the umbrella of ladybugs. Asian lady beetles (we discussed them\nearlier) can bite. They don’t have venom, but they can give you a little pinch\nif they land on you.\n\n### Do Ladybugs Hurt Plants or Fruit?\n\nNo, ladybugs might nibble on a piece of fruit or a plant in your garden, but\nthey really can’t make a dent in it or harm the health of the plant.\n\nIn fact, most ladybugs are beneficial for plants, because they eat the more\nharmful insects that are known risks for your garden or plants.\n\nOn balance, ladybugs are probably garden helpers because of their ability to\neat the pests that are going after the stuff you are trying to grow.\n\n### Where do Ladybugs Live?\n\nEverywhere.\n\nThe only place in North America that is not in ladybug range is the Northern\n1/3 of Canada and Alaska, areas that are pretty sparsely populated. They are\nhardy creatures, and in the lower 48 of the USA and most of Europe, ladybugs\nare common.\n\nThere are, after all, 6,000 types of ladybugs, so one of them is bound to be\nable to survive in your backyard.\n\nVisit our Facebook Page to discuss this article!\n\nreport this ad\n\n#### Subject\n\n * Ladybugs\n * Alias: Ladybirds\n * Difficulty: Beginner\n * Requirements: weather stripping, diatomaceous earth, sealant, pesticide, vacuum, nylon, rubber band, camphor & menthol, traps, boric acid\n\nreport this ad\n\nreport this ad\n\n#### Related Articles\n\n * How to Get Rid of Asian Lady Beetles\n * How to Get Rid of Flea Beetles\n * How to Get Rid of Weevils\n * How to Get Rid of Grubs\n * How to Get Rid of Japanese Beetles\n\nreport this ad\n\n#### About the Author\n\nJulianne Ragland\n\nreport this ad\n\nx\n\nx\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210419065428/https://www.bobvila.com/articles/get-rid-of-ladybugs/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Get Rid of Ladybugs (Homeowner's Guide)",
"passages": [
"Expert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home remodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice",
"A healthy outdoor ladybug population is a good thing. Gardeners appreciate their voracious appetite for the destructive likes of aphids and scale, while kids of all ages can’t resist counting the spots on their bright bodies.",
"Yet too many coccinellidae—especially if they’ve made their way into your living space—is a sign of potential infestation. The little beetles generally enter homes to hibernate over the winter and can multiply by the thousands, ultimately emerging from the wall structure as an overwhelming nuisance. So don’t be lulled by their cuteness! Debug your place with these techniques.",
"Due diligence is required to send the pests packing. Remove the ones you see inside immediately with any or all of these effective methods.",
"Notice ladybugs in your domicile? Vacuum them up without delay, then dispose of the bag or empty it outside. You can avoid that messy chore, if you own a canister model with a hose, with this trick: Cut the foot section off an old sock and attach it to the end of the hose with a rubber band. Turn the vacuum on, and the fabric will enter the hose (but not the bag). As you suck up ladybugs, they’ll get caught in the sock attachment—then simply remove the sock and empty it outside.",
"If ladybugs have infested a dark area, like an attic, use a light trap. Purchase one for about $35 or DIY your own out of a plastic jug, a light bulb, and transparencies typically used for overhead projectors. Once trapped, release the ladybugs outdoors.",
"If the pest problem is already severe, call a pest control pro to get rid of ladybugs. Over-the-counter insecticides aren’t recommended to control ladybug infestations, but exterminators know what to use and how to use it.",
"Though ladybugs don’t bite or carry disease, you should avoid picking them up individually with your fingers, or even sweeping them into a dustpan. When stressed, ladybugs secrete their blood, a yellow, smelly substance that can stain skin, fabrics, and painted surfaces.",
"In fall, ladybugs look for warmth—and your house is an inviting prospect. They’ll enter through any hole, crack, or gap they can find. Keep ladybugs at bay with these preventive measures.",
"Gaps under doors make an easy entry point for ladybugs. Weather stripping on all doors is an excellent barrier (and it helps keep your energy bill down, too).",
"Apply silicone caulk to exterior cracks and crevices, in any gaps in your siding, and around window frames, doorframes, and utility pipes. Ladybugs can also enter through cracks in mortar, so if your home is of brick construction, check the pointing and repair with mortar or cement where necessary.",
"Disclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for publishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Get Rid of Ladybugs (Homeowner's Guide) - Bob Vila\n\nExpert advice from Bob Vila, the most trusted name in home improvement, home\nremodeling, home repair, and DIY. Tried, True, Trustworthy Home Advice\n\nAbout Bob\n\nNewsletters\n\n * How-To Center\n * Get Ideas\n * Find Info\n * Discuss It\n * Watch TV\n * Win Laser Tools from Kapro!\n\n * Lawn & Garden\n\n# How To: Get Rid of Ladybugs\n\n## These insects are cute as can be—until they take over your home! Follow\nthese tips to rid your space of the pretty little pests and keep them from\ncoming back.\n\nBy Jennifer Noonan\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\nA healthy outdoor ladybug population is a good thing. Gardeners appreciate\ntheir voracious appetite for the destructive likes of aphids and scale, while\nkids of all ages can’t resist counting the spots on their bright bodies.\n\nYet too many coccinellidae—especially if they’ve made their way into your\nliving space—is a sign of potential infestation. The little beetles generally\nenter homes to hibernate over the winter and can multiply by the thousands,\nultimately emerging from the wall structure as an overwhelming nuisance. So\ndon’t be lulled by their cuteness! Debug your place with these techniques.\n\n## Banishing Ladybugs from Your Home\n\nDue diligence is required to send the pests packing. Remove the ones you see\ninside immediately with any or all of these effective methods.\n\nPhoto: istockphoto.com\n\n### Vacuum with vigilance.\n\nNotice ladybugs in your domicile? Vacuum them up without delay, then dispose\nof the bag or empty it outside. You can avoid that messy chore, if you own a\ncanister model with a hose, with this trick: Cut the foot section off an old\nsock and attach it to the end of the hose with a rubber band. Turn the vacuum\non, and the fabric will enter the hose (but not the bag). As you suck up\nladybugs, they’ll get caught in the sock attachment—then simply remove the\nsock and empty it outside.\n\n### Turn on a light trap.\n\nIf ladybugs have infested a dark area, like an attic, use a light trap.\nPurchase one for about $35 or DIY your own out of a plastic jug, a light bulb,\nand transparencies typically used for overhead projectors. Once trapped,\nrelease the ladybugs outdoors.\n\n### Get professional help.\n\nIf the pest problem is already severe, call a pest control pro to get rid of\nladybugs. Over-the-counter insecticides aren’t recommended to control ladybug\ninfestations, but exterminators know what to use and how to use it.\n\nAdvertisement\n\n### Keep your hands off.\n\nThough ladybugs don’t bite or carry disease, you should avoid picking them up\nindividually with your fingers, or even sweeping them into a dustpan. When\nstressed, ladybugs secrete their blood, a yellow, smelly substance that can\nstain skin, fabrics, and painted surfaces.\n\nPest problems?\n\nFind licensed pest control experts in your area and get free, no-commitment\nestimates for your project.\n\nFind Pros Now\n\n+\n\n## Preventing Ladybug Infestations\n\nIn fall, ladybugs look for warmth—and your house is an inviting prospect.\nThey’ll enter through any hole, crack, or gap they can find. Keep ladybugs at\nbay with these preventive measures.\n\n### Fix screens.\n\nRepair breaks or tears in all screens and don’t leave doors or windows without\nscreens open.\n\n### Install weather stripping.\n\nGaps under doors make an easy entry point for ladybugs. Weather stripping on\nall doors is an excellent barrier (and it helps keep your energy bill down,\ntoo).\n\n### Seal gaps.\n\nApply silicone caulk to exterior cracks and crevices, in any gaps in your\nsiding, and around window frames, doorframes, and utility pipes. Ladybugs can\nalso enter through cracks in mortar, so if your home is of brick construction,\ncheck the pointing and repair with mortar or cement where necessary.\n\nPest problems?\n\nFind licensed pest control experts in your area and get free, no-commitment\nestimates for your project.\n\nFind Pros Now\n\n+\n\nDisclosure: BobVila.com participates in the Amazon Services LLC Associates\nProgram, an affiliate advertising program designed to provide a means for\npublishers to earn fees by linking to Amazon.com and affiliated sites.\n\nTAGS:\n\nHOW TO\n\nPESTS\n\nGARDENING\n\nMore From Bob Vila\n\n15 Eco-Friendly Home Redo and Décor Products\n\nHow To: Get Rid of Aphids\n\nAdvertisement\n\nThese Nocturnal Pests Only Come Out at Night\n\n7 Reasons Not to Buy the Best House You Can Afford\n\n9 Clever Organizing Tools to Help You Cut Clutter\n\n15 Ways to Clean Your House Like a Pro\n\nToo Cool for School: 9 Ways to Bring Home Classroom Style\n\n * Best Bed Bug Spray\n * Best Termite Treatment\n * Assassin Bugs\n * Spraying Insecticide\n * Best Snake Repellent\n * Best Insecticide\n * How to Deter Rabbits\n * House Centipedes\n * Best Insect Repellent\n\n * About Bob\n * Newsletters\n * Contact\n * Advertising\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Info\n\nCopyright © 2021 Acton Media Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210514194947/https://www.southernliving.com/garden/pests/ladybugs-in-house",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Finding Ladybugs in Your House? HereÍs How to Get Rid of Them",
"passages": [
"The ladybug is a notoriously unwelcome guest in homes throughout the South. In cultures across the globe, they've come to symbolize prosperity, and it's been said that finding one of these beetles in your home signals good luck. While the symbolism may seem fortuitous, an infestation in your home can be a pain. If you're dealing with ladybugs in your home, read on for some helpful information about repelling them.",
"Ladybugs are not known to be harmful to humans, but in large numbers, they're recognized as persistent pests, and they can become a nuisance if they breach the windows and walls of your home.",
"Ladybugs find their way inside because they're looking for shelters in which to overwinter. That means they're searching for someplace warm and dry where they can wait out the cold season, and our cozy homes are perfect for those purposes. You'll occasionally find only one ladybug wandering around inside, but it's also possible to find many. You'll notice these so-called colonies of ladybugs scattered around your home or clustered together in one space, usually nestled in corners of attics or basements or near doors and windows.",
"Why the colonies? When one ladybug finds its way inside, it has a way of signaling to others and drawing them indoors too. Adult ladybugs can release pheromones, scented chemical flares sent out to attract other ladybugs nearby. This chemical signal can take the form of a trail, which invites other ladybugs in via the same path the first ladybug used. This can also lead them to cluster in one location in your home.",
"To keep ladybugs from entering your house in the first place, Terminix recommends winterizing your home: \"Make sure doors have adequate weather stripping and that windows have tight-fitting screens. Caulk all potential openings on the outside of your home. If they never get inside, you won't have to learn how to get rid of ladybugs in the house.\" When winterizing your home, ensure you address any potential entry points and seal cracks so that none are visible. This will keep ladybugs from entering your home.",
"Terminix also recommends using natural repellents, including scents such as citronella or citrus oil and herbs including cloves and bay leaves. They also recommend planting mums: \"Ladybugs don't like them, so plant mums near windows and entrance ways. The chemical compound found within these plants acts as a deterrent.\"",
"If you decide to use natural repellents, you may want to prepare a spray bottle so that you can deploy your repellents conveniently. Spritzing the citronella or citrus oil solution recommended by Terminix (above) may help to keep lady bugs at bay.",
"You can use a vacuum cleaner to remove any lingering ladybugs in your home. If they have expired on your windowsills, hardwood floors, or carpeting, you'll want to vacuum them up so that they don't stain paint or fabric. When dealing with live ladybugs, you can vacuum them up in order to relocate them outside. The suction action of a vacuum cleaner will ensure they don't fly away and make their home elsewhere in your space.",
"There are plenty of ways to take action and counter a ladybug infestation—both professionally and in a DIY fashion—so keep your eyes peeled, and remember that when you see a ladybug in your home, there's a reason for it, and there's something you can do to keep more from following suit.",
"MeredithSouthern Living is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021 Meredith Corporation. Southern Living is a registered trademark of Meredith Corporationthis link opens in a new tab All Rights Reserved. Southern Living may receive compensation for some links to products and services on this website. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis link opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad Choicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a modal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Finding Ladybugs in Your House? HereÍs How to Get Rid of Them |\nSouthern Living\n\nSkip to content\n\n## Explore Southern Living\n\nSouthern Living Southern Living\n\n## Profile Menu\n\nSubscribe this link opens in a new tab\n\nYour Account\n\n### Account\n\n * Join Now\n * Email Preferences\n * Newsletters\n * Manage Your Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Logout\n\n### More\n\n * Give a Gift Subscription this link opens in a new tab\n * Southern Living Books this link opens in a new tab\n\nLogin\n\nSweepstakes\n\n### Follow Us\n\n# WATCH: If You Keep Finding Ladybugs in Your House, Here’s What You Need to\nKnow\n\nPlus a few strategies for keeping them out-of-doors\n\nBy Southern Living\n\nAdvertisement\n\nSave FB Tweet\n\nPinterest Email Send Text Message Print\n\nThe ladybug is a notoriously unwelcome guest in homes throughout the South. In\ncultures across the globe, they've come to symbolize prosperity, and it's been\nsaid that finding one of these beetles in your home signals good luck. While\nthe symbolism may seem fortuitous, an infestation in your home can be a pain.\nIf you're dealing with ladybugs in your home, read on for some helpful\ninformation about repelling them.\n\n## Are Ladybugs Poisonous?\n\nLadybugs are not known to be harmful to humans, but in large numbers, they're\nrecognized as persistent pests, and they can become a nuisance if they breach\nthe windows and walls of your home.\n\n## Why Are Ladybugs in My House?\n\nLadybugs find their way inside because they're looking for shelters in which\nto overwinter. That means they're searching for someplace warm and dry where\nthey can wait out the cold season, and our cozy homes are perfect for those\npurposes. You'll occasionally find only one ladybug wandering around inside,\nbut it's also possible to find many. You'll notice these so-called colonies of\nladybugs scattered around your home or clustered together in one space,\nusually nestled in corners of attics or basements or near doors and windows.\n\nWhy the colonies? When one ladybug finds its way inside, it has a way of\nsignaling to others and drawing them indoors too. Adult ladybugs can release\npheromones, scented chemical flares sent out to attract other ladybugs nearby.\nThis chemical signal can take the form of a trail, which invites other\nladybugs in via the same path the first ladybug used. This can also lead them\nto cluster in one location in your home.\n\n## How to Get Rid of Ladybugs in Your House\n\nTo counter an infestation, here are a few recommendations.\n\n### Winterize Your Home:\n\nTo keep ladybugs from entering your house in the first place, Terminix\nrecommends winterizing your home: \"Make sure doors have adequate weather\nstripping and that windows have tight-fitting screens. Caulk all potential\nopenings on the outside of your home. If they never get inside, you won't have\nto learn how to get rid of ladybugs in the house.\" When winterizing your home,\nensure you address any potential entry points and seal cracks so that none are\nvisible. This will keep ladybugs from entering your home.\n\n### Use Natural Repellents:\n\nTerminix also recommends using natural repellents, including scents such as\ncitronella or citrus oil and herbs including cloves and bay leaves. They also\nrecommend planting mums: \"Ladybugs don't like them, so plant mums near windows\nand entrance ways. The chemical compound found within these plants acts as a\ndeterrent.\"\n\n### Prepare a Spray Bottle:\n\nIf you decide to use natural repellents, you may want to prepare a spray\nbottle so that you can deploy your repellents conveniently. Spritzing the\ncitronella or citrus oil solution recommended by Terminix (above) may help to\nkeep lady bugs at bay.\n\n### Use a Vacuum Cleaner:\n\nYou can use a vacuum cleaner to remove any lingering ladybugs in your home. If\nthey have expired on your windowsills, hardwood floors, or carpeting, you'll\nwant to vacuum them up so that they don't stain paint or fabric. When dealing\nwith live ladybugs, you can vacuum them up in order to relocate them outside.\nThe suction action of a vacuum cleaner will ensure they don't fly away and\nmake their home elsewhere in your space.\n\nThere are plenty of ways to take action and counter a ladybug infestation—both\nprofessionally and in a DIY fashion—so keep your eyes peeled, and remember\nthat when you see a ladybug in your home, there's a reason for it, and there's\nsomething you can do to keep more from following suit.\n\n## Share options\n\n## Login\n\nSouthern Living\n\nOther Meredith Sites\n\n## Other Meredith Sites\n\n * 4 Your Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Allrecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * All People Quilt this link opens in a new tab\n * Better Homes & Gardens this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Insights this link opens in a new tab\n * Bizrate Surveys this link opens in a new tab\n * Cooking Light this link opens in a new tab\n * Daily Paws this link opens in a new tab\n * EatingWell this link opens in a new tab\n * Eat This, Not That this link opens in a new tab\n * Entertainment Weekly this link opens in a new tab\n * Food & Wine this link opens in a new tab\n * Health this link opens in a new tab\n * Hello Giggles this link opens in a new tab\n * Instyle this link opens in a new tab\n * Martha Stewart this link opens in a new tab\n * Midwest Living this link opens in a new tab\n * More this link opens in a new tab\n * MyRecipes this link opens in a new tab\n * MyWedding this link opens in a new tab\n * My Food and Family this link opens in a new tab\n * MyLife this link opens in a new tab\n * Parenting this link opens in a new tab\n * Parents this link opens in a new tab\n * People this link opens in a new tab\n * People en Español this link opens in a new tab\n * Rachael Ray Magazine this link opens in a new tab\n * Real Simple this link opens in a new tab\n * Ser Padres this link opens in a new tab\n * Shape this link opens in a new tab\n * Siempre Mujer this link opens in a new tab\n * SwearBy this link opens in a new tab\n * Travel & Leisure this link opens in a new tab\n\nMeredithSouthern Living is part of the Meredith Home Group. © Copyright 2021\nMeredith Corporation. Southern Living is a registered trademark of Meredith\nCorporationthis link opens in a new tab All Rights Reserved. Southern Living\nmay receive compensation for some links to products and services on this\nwebsite. Offers may be subject to change without notice. Privacy Policythis\nlink opens in a new tab Terms of Servicethis link opens in a new tab Ad\nChoicesthis link opens in a new tab California Do Not Sellthis link opens a\nmodal window Web Accessibilitythis link opens in a new tab\n\n© Copyright . All rights reserved. Printed from https://www.southernliving.com\n\n## View image\n\nWATCH: If You Keep Finding Ladybugs in Your House, Here’s What You Need to\nKnow\n\nthis link is to an external site that may or may not meet accessibility\nguidelines.\n\n"
}
] |
1,010,063 | How To Graph Linear Equations | To graph a linear equation, start by making sure the equation is in y = mx + b form. Then, plot the b value on the y-axis. Next, convert the m value into a fraction if it's not already by placing it over 1. Once you've done that, start at the point you plotted on the y-axis, and count up the number that's in the numerator of the fraction. From there, count over the number in the denominator, and plot the point on the line. Finally, repeat the process several times, and then connect the points you plotted with a straight line. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014228/https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190827082102/http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210527101716/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210201103103/http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210127043515/https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200114202807/https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations"
] | train | 963 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201127014228/https://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/col_algebra/col_alg_tut27_graphline.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "",
"passages": [
"In this tutorial we will be looking at graphing lines. There are several ways that you can approach graphing a line. We will be looking specifically at using the y-intercept and slope to help us get our straight line. I will provide a review on slope as well as the slope/intercept form of a line as we go through this lesson. If you need more review on these concepts, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line and Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines. The concept of graphing vertical and horizontal lines will also be covered on this page. Basically, we will plot the y-intercept point and then use the slope to find a second point and then connect the dots to get your graph.",
"Here is a little review on what the slope of a line tells about that line. If you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line.",
"Rise means how many units you move up or down from point to point. On the graph that would be a change in the y values.",
"Run means how far left or right you move from point to point. On the graph, that would mean a change of x values.",
"Here is a little review on the slope/intercept form of the equation of a line. If you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines.",
"When it is in this form it makes it easier to identify the slope and the y-intercept of the line.",
"In this form, the slope is m, which is the coefficient in front of x and the y-intercept is the constant b.",
"You will start with the y-intercept and rise up or down and then run left or right depending on the sign of the slope.",
"Use the concept of slope being rise over run (rise/run) to determine how to use the slope to find your second point.",
"What do you think is the positive direction for rise, up or down? If you said up, pat yourself on the back. That means down is the negative direction for rise. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the y-axis. Going up above the origin are the positive values, and going down below the origin are the negative values.",
"What do you think is the positive direction for run, right or left? If you said right, pat yourself on the back. That means left is the negative direction for run. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the x-axis. Going to the right of the origin are the positive values, and going to the left of the origin are the negative values.",
"If the slope is positive, then the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the right OR down and to the left. The reason both negative directions work is our slope is rise over run and if you have a negative over a negative, it simplifies to be a positive.",
"If the slope is negative, then the rise and the run have to be opposites of each other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the left OR down and to the right. If you make them both negative, then it would simplify to be a positive and you would have the wrong graph and you don't want to do that.",
"Also keep in mind, if your slope is a non-zero integer like -5 or 10, that there is a denominator or run of your slope. What is the denominator of a non- zero integer? If you said 1, you are correct!!!",
"Lining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the slope and y-intercept are?",
"In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be 3.",
"Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 1.",
"In step 1 we found our slope to be 3. What would the denominator of 3 be? If you said 1, you are right on. So we can think of 3 as 3/1. That makes it easier to think of it as rise over run (rise/run).",
"Since we have a positive slope, the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 3 and run right 1 OR go down 3 and left 1.",
"Note that if we would have gone down 3 and left 1 from our y-intercept, that we would have ended up at (-1, -2) which would have lined up with the other points.",
"In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be -3/2.",
"Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 3.",
"Since we have a negative slope the rise and the run have to be opposites of each other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. So, we can either go down 3 and run right 2 OR rise up 3 and run left 2.",
"Note that if we rose up 3 and ran left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have ended up at (-2, 6) which would have lined up with the other points.",
"Lining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the slope and y-intercept are?",
"In this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our problem that would have to be 5/2.",
"Since the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value would have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 0.",
"Since we have a positive slope the rise and the run need to either be BOTH positive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 5 and run right 2 OR go down 5 and left 2.",
"Note that if we would have gone down 5 and left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have ended up at (-2, -5) which would have lined up with the other points.",
"If you have an equation x = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to graph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a vertical line with x-intercept of (c, 0).",
"Even though you do not see a y in the equation, you can still graph it on a two dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for a given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that has an x value of c would be a solution. As long as x never changes value, it is always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a vertical line.",
"Also, note that except for the vertical line x = 0, a vertical line does not go through the y-axis. So that means a vertical line has no y-intercept, unless it is x = 0.",
"If you have an equation y = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to graph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a horizontal line with y- intercept of (0, c).",
"Even though you do not see an x in the equation, you can still graph it on a two dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for a given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that has a y value of c would be a solution. As long as y never changes value, it is always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a horizontal line.",
"Since we have a horizontal line, what is our slope going to be? If you said 0, you are so right!!!",
"Note how we have an equation that has x set equal to a constant, where there is no y. Since this fits the form of x = c described above, we can jump to the chase and draw our vertical line:",
"Since we have a vertical line, what is our slope going to be? If you said undefined, you are so right!!!",
"These are practice problems to help bring you to the next level. It will allow you to check and see if you have an understanding of these types of problems. Math works just like anything else, if you want to get good at it, then you need to practice it. Even the best athletes and musicians had help along the way and lots of practice, practice, practice, to get good at their sport or instrument. In fact there is no such thing as too much practice.",
"To get the most out of these, you should work the problem out on your own and then check your answer by clicking on the link for the answer/discussion for that problem. At the link you will find the answer as well as any steps that went into finding that answer.",
"Go to Get Help Outside the Classroom found in Tutorial 1: How to Succeed in a Math Class for some more suggestions.",
"Last revised on Feb. 11, 2010 by Kim Seward. All contents copyright (C) 2002 - 2010, WTAMU and Kim Seward. All rights reserved."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Title\n\n|\n\n * VML\n * COLLEGE ALGEBRA\n * INTERMEDIATE ALGEBRA\n * BEGINNING ALGEBRA\n * GRE MATH\n * THEA/ACCUPLACER\n\n \n--- \n|\n\nCollege Algebra Tutorial 27: Graphing Lines\n\nWTAMU > Virtual Math Lab > College Algebra\n\nLearning Objectives\n\n|\n\nAfter completing this tutorial, you should be able to:\n\n 1. Graph a straight line using the y-intercept and slope.\n 2. Graph vertical and horizontal lines.\n\n \n \n--- \n \nIntroduction\n\nIn this tutorial we will be looking at graphing lines. There are several ways\nthat you can approach graphing a line. We will be looking specifically at\nusing the y-intercept and slope to help us get our straight line. I will\nprovide a review on slope as well as the slope/intercept form of a line as we\ngo through this lesson. If you need more review on these concepts, feel free\nto go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a Line and Tutorial 26: Equations of Lines. The\nconcept of graphing vertical and horizontal lines will also be covered on this\npage. Basically, we will plot the y-intercept point and then use the slope to\nfind a second point and then connect the dots to get your graph. \n \n--- \n \nTutorial\n\nHere is a little review on what the slope of a line tells about that line. If\nyou need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 25: Slope of a\nLine. \n \n--- \nSlope \n--- \n \nThe slope of a line measures the steepness of the line.\n\nMost of you are probably familiar with associating slope with \"rise over run\".\n\n|\n\nRise means how many units you move up or down from point to point. On the\ngraph that would be a change in the y values.\n\nRun means how far left or right you move from point to point. On the graph,\nthat would mean a change of x values. \n \n--- \n \nHere are some visuals to help you with this definition:\n\nPositive slope:\n\nNote that when a line has a positive slope it goes up left to right. \n \nNegative slope:\n\nNote that when a line has a negative slope it goes down left to right. \n \n--- \n \nZero slope:\n\nslope = 0\n\nNote that when a line is horizontal the slope is 0. \n \n--- \n \nUndefined slope:\n\nslope = undefined\n\nNote that when the line is vertical the slope is undefined. \n \n--- \n \nHere is a little review on the slope/intercept form of the equation of a line.\nIf you need more of a review on slope, feel free to go to Tutorial 26:\nEquations of Lines. \n \n--- \n \nSlope/Intercept Equation of a Line \n \n--- \n \nIf your linear equation is written in this form, m represents the slope and b\nrepresents the y-intercept.\n\nThis form can be handy if you need to find the slope of a line given the\nequation. \n \n--- \nGraphing a Line Using the y-intercept and Slope \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nWhen it is in this form it makes it easier to identify the slope and the\ny-intercept of the line.\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the coefficient in front of x and the\ny-intercept is the constant b. \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nRecall that the y-intercept is where it crosses the y-axis. So x's value will\nbe 0.\n\nIf you need more review on intercepts, feel free to go to Tutorial 26:\nEquations of Lines. \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nYou will start with the y-intercept and rise up or down and then run left or\nright depending on the sign of the slope.\n\nUse the concept of slope being rise over run (rise/run) to determine how to\nuse the slope to find your second point.\n\nWhat do you think is the positive direction for rise, up or down? If you said\nup, pat yourself on the back. That means down is the negative direction for\nrise. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on the y-axis.\nGoing up above the origin are the positive values, and going down below the\norigin are the negative values.\n\nWhat do you think is the positive direction for run, right or left? If you\nsaid right, pat yourself on the back. That means left is the negative\ndirection for run. A way to remember this is to think about the numbers are on\nthe x-axis. Going to the right of the origin are the positive values, and\ngoing to the left of the origin are the negative values.\n\nIf the slope is positive, then the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\npositive or BOTH negative. In other words, you will be going up and to the\nright OR down and to the left. The reason both negative directions work is our\nslope is rise over run and if you have a negative over a negative, it\nsimplifies to be a positive.\n\nIf the slope is negative, then the rise and the run have to be opposites of\neach other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. In other words,\nyou will be going up and to the left OR down and to the right. If you make\nthem both negative, then it would simplify to be a positive and you would have\nthe wrong graph and you don't want to do that.\n\nAlso keep in mind, if your slope is a non-zero integer like -5 or 10, that\nthere is a denominator or run of your slope. What is the denominator of a non-\nzero integer? If you said 1, you are correct!!! \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nAll of the graphs in this tutorial will be straight lines. \n \n--- \n \nExample 1: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nThis equation is already in slope/intercept form: \n \n--- \n \n*Slope/intercept form \n \n--- \n \nLining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the\nslope and y-intercept are?\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\nproblem that would have to be 3.\n\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\nwould be 1.\n\nHow did you do? \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 1.\n\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 1): \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nIn step 1 we found our slope to be 3. What would the denominator of 3 be? If\nyou said 1, you are right on. So we can think of 3 as 3/1. That makes it\neasier to think of it as rise over run (rise/run).\n\nSince we have a positive slope, the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\npositive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 3 and run right 1 OR go\ndown 3 and left 1.\n\nI chose to rise up 3 and run right 1, starting on the y-intercept:: \n \n--- \n \nNote that if we would have gone down 3 and left 1 from our y-intercept, that\nwe would have ended up at (-1, -2) which would have lined up with the other\npoints. \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nExample 2: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nSolve for y to get it into the slope/intercept form: \n \n--- \n \n*Inverse of add. 3x is sub. 3x\n\n*Inverse of mult. 2 is div. 2\n\n*Slope/intercept form \n \n--- \n \nLining up the form with the equation we got, can you see what the slope and\ny-intercept are?\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\nproblem that would have to be -3/2.\n\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\nwould be 3.\n\nHow did you do? \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 3.\n\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 3): \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nIn step 1 we found our slope to be -3/2.\n\nSince we have a negative slope the rise and the run have to be opposites of\neach other, one has to be positive and one has to be negative. So, we can\neither go down 3 and run right 2 OR rise up 3 and run left 2.\n\nI chose to go down 3 and run right 2, starting on the y-intercept: \n \n--- \n \nNote that if we rose up 3 and ran left 2 from our y-intercept, we would have\nended up at (-2, 6) which would have lined up with the other points. \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nExample 3: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nStep 1: Put the equation in slope/intercept form () and identify the slope and\ny-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nThis equation is already in slope/intercept form: \n \n--- \n \n*Slope/intercept form \n \n--- \n \nLining up the form with the equation we have been given, can you see what the\nslope and y-intercept are?\n\nIn this form, the slope is m, which is the number in front of x. In our\nproblem that would have to be 5/2.\n\nIn this form, the y-intercept is b, which is the constant. In our problem that\nwould be 0.\n\nHow did you do? \n \n--- \n \nStep 2: Plot the y-intercept on a 2-dimensional graph. \n \n--- \n \nSince the y-intercept is where the line crosses the y-axis, then x's value\nwould have to be 0. In step 1 we found our y-intercept value to be 0.\n\nPutting that together, the ordered pair for the y-intercept would be (0, 0): \n \n--- \n \nStep 3: Use the slope to find a second point on the line. \n \n--- \n \nIn step 1 we found our slope to be 5/2.\n\nSince we have a positive slope the rise and the run need to either be BOTH\npositive or BOTH negative. So, we can either rise up 5 and run right 2 OR go\ndown 5 and left 2.\n\nI chose to rise up 5 and run right 2, starting on the y-intercept: \n \n--- \n \nNote that if we would have gone down 5 and left 2 from our y-intercept, we\nwould have ended up at (-2, -5) which would have lined up with the other\npoints. \n \n--- \n \nStep 4: Draw a line through the points found in steps 2 and 3. \n \n--- \n \nVertical Lines\n\nx = c \n \n--- \n \nIf you have an equation x = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to\ngraph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a vertical line with\nx-intercept of (c, 0).\n\nEven though you do not see a y in the equation, you can still graph it on a\ntwo dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for\na given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that\nhas an x value of c would be a solution. As long as x never changes value, it\nis always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a\nvertical line.\n\nBelow is an illustration of a vertical line x = c:\n\nAs mentioned above, the slope of a vertical line is undefined.\n\nAlso, note that except for the vertical line x = 0, a vertical line does not\ngo through the y-axis. So that means a vertical line has no y-intercept,\nunless it is x = 0. \n \n--- \n \nHorizontal Lines\n\ny = c \n \n--- \n \nIf you have an equation y = c, where c is a constant, and you are wanting to\ngraph it on a two dimensional graph, this would be a horizontal line with y-\nintercept of (0, c).\n\nEven though you do not see an x in the equation, you can still graph it on a\ntwo dimensional graph. Remember that the graph is the set of all solutions for\na given equation. If all the points are solutions, then any ordered pair that\nhas a y value of c would be a solution. As long as y never changes value, it\nis always c, then you have a solution. In that case, you will end up with a\nhorizontal line.\n\nBelow is an illustration of a horizontal line y = c:\n\nAs mentioned above, a horizontal line has a slope of 0.\n\nA horizontal line's y-intercept is whatever y is set equal to. \n \n--- \n \nExample 4: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nNote how we have an equation that has y set equal to a constant, where there\nis no x. Since this fits the form of y = c described above, we can cut to the\nchase and draw our horizontal line: \n \n--- \n \nSince we have a horizontal line, what is our slope going to be? If you said 0,\nyou are so right!!!\n\nWhat would the y-intercept be? Give yourself a high five if you said 2. \n \n--- \n \nExample 5: Give the slope and y-intercept of the line and then graph it.\n\n> View a video of this example \n \n--- \n \nNote how we are missing a y and even though it is not quite in the form x = c,\nthat we can get it in that form.\n\nLets first rewrite this in the form x = c and then go from there: \n \n--- \n \n*Written in the form x = c \n \n--- \n \nNote how we have an equation that has x set equal to a constant, where there\nis no y. Since this fits the form of x = c described above, we can jump to the\nchase and draw our vertical line: \n \n--- \n \nSince we have a vertical line, what is our slope going to be? If you said\nundefined, you are so right!!!\n\nWhat would the y-intercept be? Give yourself a high five if you said there is\nno y-intercept. \n \n--- \n \nPractice Problems\n\nThese are practice problems to help bring you to the next level. It will allow\nyou to check and see if you have an understanding of these types of problems.\nMath works just like anything else, if you want to get good at it, then you\nneed to practice it. Even the best athletes and musicians had help along the\nway and lots of practice, practice, practice, to get good at their sport or\ninstrument. In fact there is no such thing as too much practice.\n\nTo get the most out of these, you should work the problem out on your own and\nthen check your answer by clicking on the link for the answer/discussion for\nthat problem. At the link you will find the answer as well as any steps that\nwent into finding that answer. \n \n--- \n \n> Practice Problems 1a - 1d: Give the slope and y-intercept of the given line\n> and then graph it.\n\n1a. (answer/discussion to 1a)\n\n|\n\n1b. (answer/discussion to 1b) \n \n---|--- \n \n1c. (answer/discussion to 1c)\n\n|\n\n1d. (answer/discussion to 1d) \n \n---|--- \n \nNeed Extra Help on these Topics?\n\nThe following are webpages that can assist you in the topics that were covered\non this page:\n\n|\n\nhttp://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/int_algebra/int_alg_tut15_slope.htm\nThis website helps you with the slope of a line.\n\nhttp://www.wtamu.edu/academic/anns/mps/math/mathlab/int_algebra/int_alg_tut14_lineargr.htm#vertical\nThis website helps with vertical and horizontal lines.\n\nhttp://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm This webpage helps you with\ngraphing a line using the y-intercept and the slope. \n \n--- \n \nGo to Get Help Outside the Classroom found in Tutorial 1: How to Succeed in a\nMath Class for some more suggestions. \n \nWTAMU > Virtual Math Lab > College Algebra\n\nLast revised on Feb. 11, 2010 by Kim Seward. All contents copyright (C) 2002 -\n2010, WTAMU and Kim Seward. All rights reserved. \n \n * Accessibility\n * Accreditation\n * Contact Us\n * Emergency Information\n * Equal Opportunity/Nondiscrimination\n * Form Policy\n\n * House Bill 2504\n * Legislative Appropriation Request\n * Link Policy and Privacy Statement\n * Online Institutional Resumes\n * Open Records/Public Information Act\n * Risk, Fraud and Misconduct Hotline\n\n * Site Map\n * State of Texas\n * Statewide Search\n * Texas Homeland Security\n * Texas Veterans Portal\n * University Organizational Chart\n\n� West Texas A&M University | All Rights Reserved | Canyon, TX 79016 |\n806-651-0000\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190827082102/http://www.montereyinstitute.org:80/courses/Algebra1/COURSE_TEXT_RESOURCE/U04_L1_T2_text_final.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Intercepts of Linear Equations",
"passages": [
"The straight line on the graph below intercepts the two coordinate axes. The point where the line crosses the x-axis is called the [x-intercept]. The [y-intercept] is the point where the line crosses the y-axis.",
"We can use the characteristics of intercepts to quickly calculate them from the equation of a line. Just see how easy it is, as we find the x- and y-intercepts for the line _.",
"To find the y-intercept, we substitute 0 for x in the equation, because we know that every point on the y-axis has an x-coordinate of 0. Once we do that, we can solve to find the value of y. When we make x = 0, the equation becomes _, which works out to y = 2. So when x = 0, y = 2. The coordinates of the y-intercept are (0, 2).",
"Now we’ll follow the same steps to find the x-intercept. We’ll let y = 0 in the equation, and solve for x. When y = 0, the equation for the line becomes _, and that works out to x = 3. When y = 0, x = 3. The coordinates of the x-intercept are (3, 0).",
"Incorrect. _is the x-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).",
"Incorrect. This answer switches the values of x and y. Coordinates are given in the order (x, y). At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).",
"Incorrect. This is the co-efficient of x and the constant, not the y-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).",
"Knowing the intercepts of a line is a useful thing. For one thing, it makes it easy to draw the graph of a line—we just have to plot the intercepts and then draw a line through them. Let’s do it with the equation _. We figured out that the intercepts of the line this equation represents are (0, 2) and (3, 0). That’s all we need to know:",
"Intercepts are also valuable tools for predicting or tracking a process. At each intercept, one of the two quantities being plotted reaches zero. That means that the intercepts of a line can be used to mark the beginning and the end of a process.",
"Imagine a student named Morgan who is buying a laptop for $1,080 to use for school. Morgan is going to use the computer store’s finance plan to make this purchase—she’ll pay $45 per month for 24 months.",
"She wants to know how much she will still owe after each month of the plan. She can keep track of her debt by making a graph. The x-axis will be the number of months and the y-axis will represent the amount of money she still owes on the finance plan. Morgan knows two points in her pay-off schedule. The day she buys the computer, she’ll be at 0 months passed and $1,080 owed. The day she pays it off completely, she’ll be at 24 months passed and $0 owed. With these two points, she can draw a line, running from the y-intercept at (0, 1080) to the x-intercept at (24, 0).",
"Morgan can now use this graph to figure out how much money she still owes after any number of months.",
"Let’s look at another situation involving intercepts, this time when we know only one intercept and want to find the other. Joe is a lifeguard at the local swimming pool. It’s the end of the summer, and the pool is being drained. Joe has to wait by the pool until it’s completely empty, so no one falls in and drowns. How can poor Joe figure out how long that’s going to take?",
"If Joe has taken an algebra course, he’s got it made. The pool contains 10,200 gallons of water. It drains at a rate of 680 gallons per hour. Joe can use that information to make a table of how much water will be left in the pool hour by hour.",
"Once he’s calculated a few data points, Joe can use a graph and intercepts as a short-cut to find out how long it will be until the pool is dry. Joe’s starting point is the y-intercept, where the pool is full at 10,200 gallons and the elapsed time is 0. Next, he plots the volume of the pool at 1, 2, 3, and finally 4 hours.",
"Now all Joe needs to do is connect the points with a line, and then extend the line until it meets the x-axis.",
"The line intercepts the x-axis when x = 15. So now Joe knows—the pool will take 15 hours to drain completely. It’s going to be a long day.",
"We’ve now seen the usefulness of the intercepts of a line. When we know where a line crosses the x- and y-axes, we can easily produce the graph or the equation for that line. When we know one of the intercepts and the slope of a line, we can find the beginning or predict the end of a process."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Intercepts of Linear Equations\n\nIntercepts of Linear Equations\n\nLearning Objective(s)\n\n· Calculate the intercepts of a line.\n\n· Use the intercepts to plot a line.\n\nIntroduction\n\nThe intercepts of a line are the points where the line intercepts, or crosses,\nthe horizontal and vertical axes.\n\nThe straight line on the graph below intercepts the two coordinate axes. The\npoint where the line crosses the x-axis is called the [x-intercept]. The\n[y-intercept] is the point where the line crosses the y-axis.\n\nNotice that the y-intercept occurs where x = 0, and the x-intercept occurs\nwhere y = 0.\n\nCalculating Intercepts\n\nWe can use the characteristics of intercepts to quickly calculate them from\nthe equation of a line. Just see how easy it is, as we find the x- and\ny-intercepts for the line _.\n\nTo find the y-intercept, we substitute 0 for x in the equation, because we\nknow that every point on the y-axis has an x-coordinate of 0. Once we do that,\nwe can solve to find the value of y. When we make x = 0, the equation becomes\n_, which works out to y = 2. So when x = 0, y = 2. The coordinates of the\ny-intercept are (0, 2).\n\nExample \n \n--- \n \nProblem\n\n|\n\n3y + 2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n3y + 2(0)\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n3y\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n_\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n_ \n \nAnswer\n\n|\n\ny\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n2 \n \nNow we’ll follow the same steps to find the x-intercept. We’ll let y = 0 in\nthe equation, and solve for x. When y = 0, the equation for the line becomes\n_, and that works out to x = 3. When y = 0, x = 3. The coordinates of the\nx-intercept are (3, 0).\n\nExample \n \n--- \n \nProblem\n\n|\n\n3y + 2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n3(0) + 2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n2x\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n6 \n \n_\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n_ \n \nAnswer\n\n|\n\nx\n\n|\n\n=\n\n|\n\n3 \n \nSee, I told you that it would be easy.\n\nWhat is the y-intercept of a line with the equation _?\n\nA) _\n\nB) (-4, 0)\n\nC) (0, -4)\n\nD) (5, -4)\n\nShow/Hide Answer\n\nA) _\n\nIncorrect. _is the x-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is\nsubstituted for x in the equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\n\nB) (-4, 0)\n\nIncorrect. This answer switches the values of x and y. Coordinates are given\nin the order (x, y). At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in\nthe equation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\n\nC) (0, -4)\n\nCorrect. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the\nequation, y = -4.\n\nD) (5, -4)\n\nIncorrect. This is the co-efficient of x and the constant, not the\ny-intercept. At the y-intercept, x = 0. When 0 is substituted for x in the\nequation, y = -4. The correct answer is (0, -4).\n\nUsing Intercepts to Graph Lines\n\nKnowing the intercepts of a line is a useful thing. For one thing, it makes it\neasy to draw the graph of a line—we just have to plot the intercepts and then\ndraw a line through them. Let’s do it with the equation _. We figured out that\nthe intercepts of the line this equation represents are (0, 2) and (3, 0).\nThat’s all we need to know:\n\nAnd there we have the line.\n\nIntercepts and Problem-solving\n\nIntercepts are also valuable tools for predicting or tracking a process. At\neach intercept, one of the two quantities being plotted reaches zero. That\nmeans that the intercepts of a line can be used to mark the beginning and the\nend of a process.\n\nImagine a student named Morgan who is buying a laptop for $1,080 to use for\nschool. Morgan is going to use the computer store’s finance plan to make this\npurchase—she’ll pay $45 per month for 24 months.\n\nShe wants to know how much she will still owe after each month of the plan.\nShe can keep track of her debt by making a graph. The x-axis will be the\nnumber of months and the y-axis will represent the amount of money she still\nowes on the finance plan. Morgan knows two points in her pay-off schedule. The\nday she buys the computer, she’ll be at 0 months passed and $1,080 owed. The\nday she pays it off completely, she’ll be at 24 months passed and $0 owed.\nWith these two points, she can draw a line, running from the y-intercept at\n(0, 1080) to the x-intercept at (24, 0).\n\nMorgan can now use this graph to figure out how much money she still owes\nafter any number of months.\n\nLet’s look at another situation involving intercepts, this time when we know\nonly one intercept and want to find the other. Joe is a lifeguard at the local\nswimming pool. It’s the end of the summer, and the pool is being drained. Joe\nhas to wait by the pool until it’s completely empty, so no one falls in and\ndrowns. How can poor Joe figure out how long that’s going to take?\n\nIf Joe has taken an algebra course, he’s got it made. The pool contains 10,200\ngallons of water. It drains at a rate of 680 gallons per hour. Joe can use\nthat information to make a table of how much water will be left in the pool\nhour by hour.\n\nx, Time\n\n(hours)\n\n|\n\ny, Volume of Water (gallons) \n \n---|--- \n \n0\n\n|\n\n10,200 \n \n1\n\n|\n\n9,520 \n \n2\n\n|\n\n8,840 \n \n3\n\n|\n\n8,160 \n \n4\n\n|\n\n7,480 \n \nOnce he’s calculated a few data points, Joe can use a graph and intercepts as\na short-cut to find out how long it will be until the pool is dry. Joe’s\nstarting point is the y-intercept, where the pool is full at 10,200 gallons\nand the elapsed time is 0. Next, he plots the volume of the pool at 1, 2, 3,\nand finally 4 hours.\n\nNow all Joe needs to do is connect the points with a line, and then extend the\nline until it meets the x-axis.\n\nThe line intercepts the x-axis when x = 15. So now Joe knows—the pool will\ntake 15 hours to drain completely. It’s going to be a long day.\n\nSummary\n\nWe’ve now seen the usefulness of the intercepts of a line. When we know where\na line crosses the x- and y-axes, we can easily produce the graph or the\nequation for that line. When we know one of the intercepts and the slope of a\nline, we can find the beginning or predict the end of a process.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210527101716/https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines",
"passages": [
"You've probably already seen the basic method for graphing straight lines; namely, make a T-chart, plot some points, put your ruler against them, and draw the line. But the \"nice\" form of a straight line's equation (being the slope-intercept form, y = mx + b) can make graphing even simpler and faster.",
"Given two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the formula for the slope of the straight line going through these two points is:",
"...where the subscripts merely indicate that we have a \"first\" point (whose coordinates are subscripted with a \"1\") and a \"second\" point (whose coordinates are subscripted with a \"2\"); that is, the subscripts indicate nothing more than the fact that we have two points that we're working with. Note that which point we pick as the \"first\" point is irrelevant; if we pick the other point to be \"first\", the subtractions will be reversed, but we'll still get the exact same value for the slope:",
"(If you're not sure that the two formulas above give exactly the same values, no matter what pair of points is plugged into them, then pick some points and try them out. See what you get.)",
"The formula for slope is sometimes referred to as \"rise over run\", because the fraction onsists of the \"rise\" (being the change in y, going up or down) divided by the \"run\" (being the change in x, going from left to the right). If you've ever done roofing, built a staircase, graded landscaping, or installed gutters or outflow piping, you've probably encountered this \"rise over run\" concept. The point is that slope tells us how much y is changing for every so much that x is changing. For example, the slope might (in \"real life\") tell you that, for every one meter that you move toward the street, your yard slopes downward by five centimeters.",
"To find some points from the line equation, we have to pick values for one of the variables, and then we must compute the corresponding values of the other variable. Since there is a fraction multiplied on the x, and that fraction has a denominator of 3, I'm going to pick values which are multiples of 3, so the denominator cancels off. Whole numbers are easier, right?",
"So the point we found on the line is (–3, –6) If we then pick x = 0, we get:",
"The point we found this time is (0, –4). And now that we have two points on the line, we can find the slope of that line from the slope formula:",
"In stair-stepping to the right, going from the first point to the second point, our \"path\" can be viewed as forming a right triangle:",
"The vertical distance between the y-values of the two points (that is, the height of the triangle) is the \"y2 – y1\" part of the slope formula. The horizontal distance between the x-values (that is, the side-to-side width of the triangle) is the \"x2 – x1\" part of the slope formula. The line we need to graph is the hypotenuse of the right triangle.",
"Note that the slope for this equation and graph is , or \"two over three\". To go from the first point to the second, we go \"up two and over three\". This relationship between the slope of a line and pairs of points on that line is always true; for a line equation\"y = mx + b\", the \"up and over\" values can always be obtained from the value of m.",
"Having found two points on the line, we can continue to use this \"up two, over three\" to find further points for the line (and we'll want to plot at least three points, to make sure everything is lining up correctly).",
"To get to the \"next\" point on this line, we don't have to do any computationes. Instead, we can go up another two (to y = –2), and over another three to the right (to x = 3), giving us:",
"(If you're not sure of validity of that last point, then put 3 in for x in the line equation, and verify that you do indeed get –2 for y.)",
"By the way, did you notice that the line's equation had a \"minus four\", and the line crossed the y-axis at –4? This always happens; the y-intercept (that is, the place where the line crosses the y-axis) for a straight line with equation \"y = mx + b\" is always going to be at y = b.",
"In the previous example, we started with a graphed line and its equation, found a couple points on the line, found the slope and the y-intercept, and noticed the connection between the line's equation, the values of m and b, and how the equation graphed. Let's try another line equation, but this time we won't start with the graph. Instead, we'll use the equation to find the graph quickly and easily, with a minimum of plotting needed.",
"We've learned that the number multiplied onto the x is the slope, so the slope is m = –2 for this line. \"But wait!\", I hear you cry; \"There is only an 'up' (well, a 'down') for this slope; there isn't any 'over'!\" Yes, you're right... sort of. But we can deal with this by remembering that any number can be put over \"1\".",
"In this case, we can use that fact to convert the slope value into a fraction. By putting the –2 over a 1, we get a slope value of . By using this trick, the slope is now reformatted so as to tell us clearly that, from whatever is our first point, we can get to the \"next\" point by going \"down two, and over one\".",
"So the point (0, 3) is on the line, and is the point where the line crosses the y-axis. In fact, we didn't even need to plug zero in for the variable, because we can see, right in the line's equation, that the y-intercept is going to be at b = 3. So let's plot that point:",
"Now that we've got our first point, we can use the slope value to find more points. Our restated slope value of tells us that, in going from one point to the (most convenient) next point, we will be going \"down two and over one\". (The \"down\" comes from the \"minus\" sign on the slope's value. The \"over\" is always a move to the right, but the sign on the slope can have us moving either up or down.) So, going down two and over one from the intercept to get to the next point, we land at the point (1, 1):",
"Then the point (2, –1) is also on this line. And with these three points, we can graph the line:",
"When you have the equation of a straight line, you can always do quick and easy graphing by starting with the y-intercept value, and then plotting other points by using the slope value. In \"real life\", this may not work so well. For instance, I probably wouldn't try eye-balling the plot points for an equation like, say, y = 0.0062x – 379.04. Instead, I'd use software to get decimal approximations for the plot points. But, for most algebra-class exercises, the above method will work just fine, and can be a real time-saver on tests."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines| Purplemath\n\nSkip to main content\n\n * Home\n * Lessons\n\n * Alphabetically\n * In Study Order\n * HW Guidelines\n * Study Skills Quiz\n * Find Local Tutors\n\n * Demo MathHelp.com\n * Join MathHelp.com\n * Login\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n * Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ACT Math\n * ALEKS Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * HESI Math\n * Math Placement Test\n * NES Math\n * PERT Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * VPT Math\n * \\+ more tests\n * K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n * College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n * Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n# Using Slope and y-Intercept to Graph Lines\n\nExamples\n\n## Purplemath\n\nYou've probably already seen the basic method for graphing straight lines;\nnamely, make a T-chart, plot some points, put your ruler against them, and\ndraw the line. But the \"nice\" form of a straight line's equation (being the\nslope-intercept form, y = mx + b) can make graphing even simpler and faster.\n\nGiven two points (x1, y1) and (x2, y2), the formula for the slope of the\nstraight line going through these two points is:\n\nContent Continues Below\n\n## MathHelp.com\n\nSlope-Intercept Form\n\n...where the subscripts merely indicate that we have a \"first\" point (whose\ncoordinates are subscripted with a \"1\") and a \"second\" point (whose\ncoordinates are subscripted with a \"2\"); that is, the subscripts indicate\nnothing more than the fact that we have two points that we're working with.\nNote that which point we pick as the \"first\" point is irrelevant; if we pick\nthe other point to be \"first\", the subtractions will be reversed, but we'll\nstill get the exact same value for the slope:\n\n(If you're not sure that the two formulas above give exactly the same values,\nno matter what pair of points is plugged into them, then pick some points and\ntry them out. See what you get.)\n\nAffiliate\n\nThe formula for slope is sometimes referred to as \"rise over run\", because the\nfraction onsists of the \"rise\" (being the change in y, going up or down)\ndivided by the \"run\" (being the change in x, going from left to the right). If\nyou've ever done roofing, built a staircase, graded landscaping, or installed\ngutters or outflow piping, you've probably encountered this \"rise over run\"\nconcept. The point is that slope tells us how much y is changing for every so\nmuch that x is changing. For example, the slope might (in \"real life\") tell\nyou that, for every one meter that you move toward the street, your yard\nslopes downward by five centimeters.\n\nPictures can be helpful, so let's start our exploration by looking at the\nfollowing line:\n\nFor this equation, we'll look at the line, compute the slope, and consider the\ny-intercept.\n\nTo find some points from the line equation, we have to pick values for one of\nthe variables, and then we must compute the corresponding values of the other\nvariable. Since there is a fraction multiplied on the x, and that fraction has\na denominator of 3, I'm going to pick values which are multiples of 3, so the\ndenominator cancels off. Whole numbers are easier, right?\n\nSo let's start by picking x = –3. Plugging this in, we get:\n\nSo the point we found on the line is (–3, –6) If we then pick x = 0, we get:\n\nThe point we found this time is (0, –4). And now that we have two points on\nthe line, we can find the slope of that line from the slope formula:\n\nLet's look at these two points on the graph:\n\nIn stair-stepping to the right, going from the first point to the second\npoint, our \"path\" can be viewed as forming a right triangle:\n\nThe vertical distance between the y-values of the two points (that is, the\nheight of the triangle) is the \"y2 – y1\" part of the slope formula. The\nhorizontal distance between the x-values (that is, the side-to-side width of\nthe triangle) is the \"x2 – x1\" part of the slope formula. The line we need to\ngraph is the hypotenuse of the right triangle.\n\nNote that the slope for this equation and graph is , or \"two over three\". To\ngo from the first point to the second, we go \"up two and over three\". This\nrelationship between the slope of a line and pairs of points on that line is\nalways true; for a line equation\"y = mx + b\", the \"up and over\" values can\nalways be obtained from the value of m.\n\nContent Continues Below\n\nHaving found two points on the line, we can continue to use this \"up two, over\nthree\" to find further points for the line (and we'll want to plot at least\nthree points, to make sure everything is lining up correctly).\n\nTo get to the \"next\" point on this line, we don't have to do any\ncomputationes. Instead, we can go up another two (to y = –2), and over another\nthree to the right (to x = 3), giving us:\n\nWith these three points, we have confirmed the graph of .\n\n(If you're not sure of validity of that last point, then put 3 in for x in the\nline equation, and verify that you do indeed get –2 for y.)\n\nBy the way, did you notice that the line's equation had a \"minus four\", and\nthe line crossed the y-axis at –4? This always happens; the y-intercept (that\nis, the place where the line crosses the y-axis) for a straight line with\nequation \"y = mx + b\" is always going to be at y = b.\n\nAffiliate\n\nIn the previous example, we started with a graphed line and its equation,\nfound a couple points on the line, found the slope and the y-intercept, and\nnoticed the connection between the line's equation, the values of m and b, and\nhow the equation graphed. Let's try another line equation, but this time we\nwon't start with the graph. Instead, we'll use the equation to find the graph\nquickly and easily, with a minimum of plotting needed.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nOur new equation is:\n\nWe've learned that the number multiplied onto the x is the slope, so the slope\nis m = –2 for this line. \"But wait!\", I hear you cry; \"There is only an 'up'\n(well, a 'down') for this slope; there isn't any 'over'!\" Yes, you're right...\nsort of. But we can deal with this by remembering that any number can be put\nover \"1\".\n\nIn this case, we can use that fact to convert the slope value into a fraction.\nBy putting the –2 over a 1, we get a slope value of . By using this trick, the\nslope is now reformatted so as to tell us clearly that, from whatever is our\nfirst point, we can get to the \"next\" point by going \"down two, and over one\".\n\nLet's start easy with our input values, and use x = 0. Plugging this in, we\nget:\n\ny = –2(0) + 3 = 0 + 3 = 3\n\nSo the point (0, 3) is on the line, and is the point where the line crosses\nthe y-axis. In fact, we didn't even need to plug zero in for the variable,\nbecause we can see, right in the line's equation, that the y-intercept is\ngoing to be at b = 3. So let's plot that point:\n\nNow that we've got our first point, we can use the slope value to find more\npoints. Our restated slope value of tells us that, in going from one point to\nthe (most convenient) next point, we will be going \"down two and over one\".\n(The \"down\" comes from the \"minus\" sign on the slope's value. The \"over\" is\nalways a move to the right, but the sign on the slope can have us moving\neither up or down.) So, going down two and over one from the intercept to get\nto the next point, we land at the point (1, 1):\n\nGoing down another two, and over another one, we get to the next (convenient)\npoint, (2, –1):\n\nThen the point (2, –1) is also on this line. And with these three points, we\ncan graph the line:\n\nWhen you have the equation of a straight line, you can always do quick and\neasy graphing by starting with the y-intercept value, and then plotting other\npoints by using the slope value. In \"real life\", this may not work so well.\nFor instance, I probably wouldn't try eye-balling the plot points for an\nequation like, say, y = 0.0062x – 379.04. Instead, I'd use software to get\ndecimal approximations for the plot points. But, for most algebra-class\nexercises, the above method will work just fine, and can be a real time-saver\non tests.\n\nURL: https://www.purplemath.com/modules/slopgrph.htm\n\nPage 2\n\n### Select a Course Below\n\n#### Standardized Test Prep\n\n * ACCUPLACER Math\n * ACT Math\n * ALEKS Math\n * ASVAB Math\n * CBEST Math\n * CLEP Math\n * FTCE Math\n * GED Math\n * GMAT Math\n * GRE Math\n * HESI Math\n * Math Placement Test\n * NES Math\n * PERT Math\n * PRAXIS Math\n * SAT Math\n * TEAS Math\n * TSI Math\n * VPT Math\n * \\+ more tests\n\n#### K12 Math\n\n * 5th Grade Math\n * 6th Grade Math\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n#### College Math\n\n * College Pre-Algebra\n * Introductory Algebra\n * Intermediate Algebra\n * College Algebra\n\n#### Homeschool Math\n\n * Pre-Algebra\n * Algebra 1\n * Geometry\n * Algebra 2\n\n### Share This Page\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n * About Purplemath\n * About the Author\n * Tutoring from PM\n\n * Advertising\n * Linking to PM\n * Site licencing\n\n### Visit Our Profiles\n\n© 2021 Purplemath, Inc. 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},
{
"original_url": "http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210201103103/http://mathsfirst.massey.ac.nz/Algebra/StraightLinesin2D/Slope.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Slope of lines, Maths First, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey University",
"passages": [
"So far, we have learned that the equation for any line can be written in the form y = mx + b. We have also found that the value of b is given by the y-intercept. Now let's have a look at what m represents.",
"This relationship is true no matter which two distinct points on the line we choose. We call m the slope or gradient of the line. It represents the change in y-value per unit change in x-value.",
"For example, consider the line given by the equation y = 2x + 1. Here are some points on the line.",
"Note that the difference between any two y-values divided by the difference of the corresponding x-values is always 2. Thus the slope of the line is m = 2.",
"Now that we know how to calculate the slope, what does it actually represent? If we imagine a point moving along a straight-line graph from P to R, then the x- and y- coordinates of the point will change and in fact",
"In other words, the slope of the line tells us the rate of change of y relative to x. If the slope is 2, then y is changing twice as fast as x; if the slope is 1/2, then y is changing half as fast as x, and so on.",
"For a linear function, the rate of change of y relative to x is always constant, i.e. is the same no matter which values x is changing between.",
"Note that the slope of the line may be negative; this tells us that y is decreasing as x increases. For example:",
"The larger the magnitude of the slope, the steeper the line is, i.e. the more it approaches the vertical. In other words, if the line is near vertical then y is changing very fast relative to x. If the slope is small in magnitude, then y is changing slowly relative to x and the line is nearly horizontal. If the slope is zero, then the line is horizontal and y does not change at all (the equation of the line has the form y = c and y = c for all values of x.)",
"Experiment with the applet below, varying the value of m in the linear equation y = mx + b to see how changing the slope m changes the graph. The initial graph shown is y = 0x + 2 or y = 2. This has a slope of zero and remains stationary for comparison. See how the line changes as the slope m becomes positive or negative.",
"Can't see the above java applet? Click here to see how to enable Java on your web browser. (This applet is based on free Java applets from JavaMath )"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Slope of lines, Maths First, Institute of Fundamental Sciences, Massey\nUniversity\n\n| Home > College of Sciences > Institute of Fundamental Sciences > Maths First\n> Online Maths Help > Algebra > Linear Equations and Graphs > The Slope|\nSEARCH MASSEY \n---|--- \n \nLIBRARY | NEWS | EVENTS \n \nHome | Study | Research | Extramural | Campuses | Colleges | About Massey |\nLibrary | Fees | Enrolment \n \n * MathsFirst Home\n * Online Maths Help\n\n * Notation\n * Arithmetic\n\n * Decimals\n * Fractions\n * HCF and LCM\n * Order of Operations\n * Signed Numbers\n * Algebra\n\n * Exponents\n\n * Integer Exponents\n * Fractional Exponents\n * Exponents Worksheet\n * Combining Like Terms\n * Simple Expansions\n * Factorisation\n * Mathematical Formulae\n\n * Constructing Formulae\n * Rearranging Formulae\n\n * Order of Operations for Algebraic Expressions\n * Inverse Operations and Functions\n * Rearranging Equations I (Simple Equations)\n * Rearranging Equations II (Quadratic Equations)\n * Rearranging Equations III (Harder Examples)\n * Area, Surface Area and Volume Formulae\n * Coordinate Systems and Graphs\n * Linear Equations & Graphs\n * Simultaneous Linear Equations\n * Polynomials\n * Quadratic Polynomials\n * Rational Functions\n * Logarithms\n * Calculus\n\n * Differentiation\n\n * Tangents, Derivatives and Differentiation\n * The Basic Rules\n * Products and Quotients\n * Chain Rule\n * Logarithmic Differentiation\n * Mixed Differentiation Problems\n * Sign of the Derivative\n * Sign of the Second Derivative\n * Integration\n\n * Basic Integrals\n * Multiple, Sum and Difference Rules\n * Linear Substitution\n * Simpler Integration by Substitution\n * Harder Integration by Substitution\n * Trig Substitution 1\n * Trig Substitution 2\n * Integration by Parts\n * Trigonometry\n\n * Pythagoras Theorem\n * Trig Functions and Related Topics\n * First Year Maths Pathways\n * Readiness Quizzes\n * Study Maths at Massey\n\n * Undergraduate\n * Postgraduate\n * Other Math Links\n * About MathsFirst\n * Contact Us\n\n|\n\n# Linear Equations and Graphs\n\n## Slope (or Gradient)\n\nSo far, we have learned that the equation for any line can be written in the\nform y = mx + b. We have also found that the value of b is given by the\ny-intercept. Now let's have a look at what m represents.\n\nLet (x_1,y_1) and (x_2,y_2) be two distinct points on the line given by y = mx\n+ b. Then\n\n> y_1 = mx_1 + b\n>\n> y_2 = mx_2 + b\n\nSubtracting the second equation from the first gives\n\n> y_1 - y_2 = mx_1 - mx_2\n\nFactoring out the m we get\n\n> y_1 - y_2 = m(x_1 - x_2)\n\nDividing both sides by (x_1 - x_2)\n\nThis relationship is true no matter which two distinct points on the line we\nchoose. We call m the slope or gradient of the line. It represents the change\nin y-value per unit change in x-value.\n\nFor example, consider the line given by the equation y = 2x + 1. Here are some\npoints on the line.\n\n|\n\nx\n\n|\n\ny \n \n---|--- \n \n0\n\n|\n\n1 \n \n1\n\n|\n\n3 \n \n2\n\n|\n\n5 \n \n3\n\n|\n\n7 \n \nNote that the difference between any two y-values divided by the difference of\nthe corresponding x-values is always 2. Thus the slope of the line is m = 2.\n\nNote that the slope of a vertical line is undefined as the change in x\ncoordinates is zero:\n\n### Exercise 4A.\n\nTry finding the slope of a line which passes through two given points:\n\nNow that we know how to calculate the slope, what does it actually represent?\nIf we imagine a point moving along a straight-line graph from P to R, then the\nx- and y- coordinates of the point will change and in fact\n\nIn other words, the slope of the line tells us the rate of change of y\nrelative to x. If the slope is 2, then y is changing twice as fast as x; if\nthe slope is 1/2, then y is changing half as fast as x, and so on.\n\nFor a linear function, the rate of change of y relative to x is always\nconstant, i.e. is the same no matter which values x is changing between.\n\nNote that the slope of the line may be negative; this tells us that y is\ndecreasing as x increases. For example:\n\nThe larger the magnitude of the slope, the steeper the line is, i.e. the more\nit approaches the vertical. In other words, if the line is near vertical then\ny is changing very fast relative to x. If the slope is small in magnitude,\nthen y is changing slowly relative to x and the line is nearly horizontal. If\nthe slope is zero, then the line is horizontal and y does not change at all\n(the equation of the line has the form y = c and y = c for all values of x.)\n\n### Example 4\n\nExperiment with the applet below, varying the value of m in the linear\nequation y = mx + b to see how changing the slope m changes the graph. The\ninitial graph shown is y = 0x + 2 or y = 2. This has a slope of zero and\nremains stationary for comparison. See how the line changes as the slope m\nbecomes positive or negative.\n\nCan't see the above java applet? Click here to see how to enable Java on your\nweb browser. (This applet is based on free Java applets from JavaMath )\n\nDetermining the Sign of a Slope from its Graph Exercises (opens in new window)\n\n<< Intercepts | Linear Equations and Graphs Index | Graphing a Linear Function\nUsing the y-intercept and Slope >> \n \nContact Us | About Massey University | Sitemap | Disclaimer | Last updated:\nNovember 21, 2012 © Massey University 2003 \n---\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210127043515/https://virtualnerd.com/pre-algebra/linear-functions-graphing/equations/x-y-intercepts/y-intercept-definition",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "What's the Y-Intercept?",
"passages": [
"When you have a linear equation, the y-intercept is the point where the graph of the line crosses the y-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the y-intercept. Check it out!",
"To find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, plug in 0 for 'y' and solve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, plug 0 in for 'x' and solve for 'y'. In this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for a given linear equation. Check it out!",
"When you're learning about linear equations, you're bound to run into the point-slope form of a line. This form is quite useful in creating an equation of a line if you're given the slope and a point on the line. Watch this tutorial, and learn about the point-slope form of a line!",
"Ordered pairs are a crucial part of graphing, but you need to know how to identify the coordinates in an ordered pair if you're going to plot it on a coordinate plane. In this tutorial, you'll see how to identify the x-coordinate in an ordered pair!",
"* #### What is the Y-Axis?\nTo graph a function or plot an ordered pair, you need to use a coordinate plane, so you should learn all about it! In this tutorial, you'll learn about the y-axis and see where it's located in the coordinate plane.",
"To find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, simply remove the 'y' and solve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, remove the 'x' and solve for 'y'. In this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for a given linear equation. Check it out!",
"* #### What's the X-Intercept?\nWhen you have a linear equation, the x-intercept is the point where the graph of the line crosses the x-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the x-intercept. Check it out!",
"Want some practice finding the y-intercept of a line? In this tutorial, you're given the slope of a line and a point on that line and asked to find the y-intercept. Watch this tutorial and see how the equation for the slope- intercept form of a line is used to figure out the answer!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "What's the Y-Intercept? | Virtual Nerd\n\nReal math help.\n\n# What's the Y-Intercept?\n\n# What's the Y-Intercept?\n\n### Note:\n\nWhen you have a linear equation, the y-intercept is the point where the graph\nof the line crosses the y-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the y-intercept.\nCheck it out!\n\n### Keywords:\n\n * definition\n * line\n * y-intercept\n * intercept\n * y-axis\n\n### Background Tutorials\n\n * #### X- and Y-Intercepts\n\n * #### How Do You Find the X- and Y-Intercepts of a Line in Slope-Intercept Form?\n\nTo find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, plug in 0 for 'y' and\nsolve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, plug 0 in for 'x' and solve for 'y'.\nIn this tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept\nfor a given linear equation. Check it out!\n\n * #### Working with Slope-Intercept Form\n\n * #### What's Slope-Intercept Form of a Linear Equation?\n\nWhen you're learning about linear equations, you're bound to run into the\npoint-slope form of a line. This form is quite useful in creating an equation\nof a line if you're given the slope and a point on the line. Watch this\ntutorial, and learn about the point-slope form of a line!\n\n * #### Ordered Pairs and The Coordinate Plane\n\n * #### What is the X-Coordinate?\n\nOrdered pairs are a crucial part of graphing, but you need to know how to\nidentify the coordinates in an ordered pair if you're going to plot it on a\ncoordinate plane. In this tutorial, you'll see how to identify the\nx-coordinate in an ordered pair!\n\n * #### What is the Y-Axis?\n\nTo graph a function or plot an ordered pair, you need to use a coordinate\nplane, so you should learn all about it! In this tutorial, you'll learn about\nthe y-axis and see where it's located in the coordinate plane.\n\n### Further Exploration\n\n * #### X- and Y-Intercepts\n\n * #### How Do You Use X- and Y-Intercepts To Graph a Line In Standard Form?\n\nTo find the x-intercept of a given linear equation, simply remove the 'y' and\nsolve for 'x'. To find the y-intercept, remove the 'x' and solve for 'y'. In\nthis tutorial, you'll see how to find the x-intercept and the y-intercept for\na given linear equation. Check it out!\n\n * #### What's the X-Intercept?\n\nWhen you have a linear equation, the x-intercept is the point where the graph\nof the line crosses the x-axis. In this tutorial, learn about the x-intercept.\nCheck it out!\n\n * #### Working with Slope-Intercept Form\n\n * #### How Do You Find the Y-Intercept of a Line If You Have Another Point and the Slope?\n\nWant some practice finding the y-intercept of a line? In this tutorial, you're\ngiven the slope of a line and a point on that line and asked to find the\ny-intercept. Watch this tutorial and see how the equation for the slope-\nintercept form of a line is used to figure out the answer!\n\n * About\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy\n * Contact\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200114202807/https://www.khanacademy.org/math/in-in-grade-9-ncert/in-in-chapter-4-linear-equations-in-two-variables/in-in-graph-of-a-linear-equation-in-two-variables/v/graphs-of-linear-equations",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7 (video)",
"passages": [
"Let's do a couple of problems graphing linear equations. They are a bunch of ways to graph linear equations. What we'll do in this video is the most basic way. Where we will just plot a bunch of values and then connect the dots. I think you'll see what I'm saying. So here I have an equation, a linear equation. I'll rewrite it just in case that was too small. y is equal to 2x plus 7. I want to graph this linear equation. Before I even take out the graph paper, what I could do is set up a table. Where I pick a bunch of x values and then I can figure out what y value would correspond to each of those x values. So for example, if x is equal to-- let me start really low-- if x is equal to minus 2-- or negative 2, I should say-- what is y? Well, you substitute negative 2 up here. It would be 2 times negative 2 plus 7. This is negative 4 plus 7. This is equal to 3. If x is equal to-- I'm just picking x values at random that might be indicative of-- I'll probably do three or four points here. So what happens when x is equal to 0? Then y is going to be equal to 2 times 0 plus 7. Is going to be equal to 7. I just happen to be going up by 2. You could be going up by 1 or you could be picking numbers at random. When x is equal to 2, what is y? It'll be 2 times 2 plus 7. So 4 plus 7 is equal to 11. I could keep plotting points if I like. We should already have enough to graph it. Actually to plot any line, you actually only need two points. So we already have one more than necessary. Actually, let me just do one more just to show you that this really is a line. So what happens when x is equal to 4? Actually, just to not go up by 2, let's do x is equal to 8. Just to pick a random number. Then y is going to be 2 times 8 plus 7, which is-- well this might go off of our graph paper-- but 2 times 8 is 16 plus 7 is equal to 23. Now let's graph it. Let me do my y-axis right there. That is my y-axis. Let me do my x-axis. I have a lot of positive values here, so a lot of space on the positive y-side. That is my x-axis. And then I use the points x is equal to negative 2. That's negative 1. That's 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Those are our x values. Then we can go up into the y-axis. I'll do it at a slightly different scale because these numbers get large very quickly. So maybe I'll do it in increments of 2. So this could be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. I could just keep going up there, but let's plot these points. So the first coordinate I have is x is equal to negative 2, y is equal to 3. So I can write my coordinate. It's going to be the point negative 2, 3. x is negative 2. y is 3. 3 would land right over there. So that's our first one, negative 2, 3. Then our next point. 0, 7. We do it in that color. 0, 7. x is 0. Y is 7. Right there. 0, 7. We have this one in green here. Point 2, 11. 2, 11 would be right about there. And then this last point-- this is actually going to fall off of my graph. 8, 23. That's going to be way up here someplace. If you can even see what I'm doing. This is 8, 23. If we connect the dots, you'll see a line forms. Let me connect these dots. I've obviously hand drawn it, so it might not be a perfectly straight line. If you had a computer do it, it would be a straight line. So you could keep picking x values and figuring out the corresponding y values. In the situation y is a function of our x values. If you kept plotting every point, you'll get every line. If you picked every possible x and plotted every one, you get every point on the line. Let's do another problem. At the airport, you can change your money from dollars into Euros. The service costs $5. and for every additional dollar, you get EUR 0.7. Make a table for this and plot the function on a graph. Use your graph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. I will write Euros is equal to-- so let's see, it's going to be dollars. So you're going to have to give your dollars. Right off of the bat, they're going to take $5. So dollars minus 5. So immediately this service costs $5. And then everything that's leftover-- this is your leftover-- you get EUR 0.7 for every leftover dollars. You get 0.7 for whatever's leftover. So this is the relationship. Now we can plot points-- we could actually answer their question right off the bat. If you give them $50, we don't even have to look at a graph. But we will look at a graph right after this. So if you did Euros is equal to-- if you have given them $50-- it would be 0.7 times 50 minus 5. You gave them 50. They took 5 as a service fee. So this is just $45 It would be 0.7 times 45. I could do that right here. 45 times 0.7. 7 times 5 is 35. 4 times 7 is 28 plus 3 is 31. And then we have only one number behind the decimal, only this 7. So it's 31.5. So if you give them $50, you're going to get EUR 31.5. Euros, not dollars. So we answered their question, but let's actually do it graphically. Let's do a table. Maybe I'll get a calculator out. I'll refer to that in a little bit. So let's say dollars you give them. And how many Euros do you get? I'll just put a bunch of random numbers. If you give them $5, they're just going to take your $5 for the fee. You're going to get $5 minus 5, which is 0 times 0.7. So you're going to get nothing back. So there's really no good reason for you to do that. Then if you give them $10. What's going to happen? If you give them $10, 10 minus 5 is 5 times 0.7. You're going to get $3-- or I should say EUR 3.50. 3.5 Euros, you'll get. Now what happens if you give them $30? Actually let me say 25. If you give him $25, 25 minus 5 is 20. 20 times 0.7 is $14. I'll do one more value. Let's say you gave them $55. This makes the math easy because then you subtract that 5 out. 55 minus 5 is 50 times 0.7 is $35. Is that right? Yep, that's right. You'll get EUR 35 I should say. These are all Euros. I keep wanting to say dollars. Let's plot this. All of these values are positive, so I only have to draw the first quadrant here. And so the dollars-- let's go in increments of 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55. I made my x-axis a little shorter than I needed to. All the way up to 55. And then the y-axis. I'll go in increments of 5. So that's 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35. Well that's a little bit too much of an increment. 35. Now let's plot these points. I give them $5. I get EUR 0. This right here is Euros. This is the dollars. The dollars is the independent variable and we figure out the Euros from it. Or the Euros I get is dependent on the dollars I get. If I give $10, I get EUR 3.50. 3.50-- it's hard to read. Maybe 3.50 would be right around there. If I give $25, I get EUR 14. 25, 14 is right about there. Obviously, I'm hand drawing it, so it's not going to be quite exact. If I get $55, I get EUR 35. So 55, 35 right there. If I were to connect to the dots, I should get something that looks pretty close to a line. If I did it-- if I was a computer, it would be exactly a line. That looks pretty good. Then we could eyeball what they asked us to do. Use your graph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. This is 50 right here. So you go bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. I'm at the graph. Then you go all the way-- actually I drew that last point on the graph a little bit incorrectly. Let me. 35 is right here. Let me redraw that point. 35 is right there roughly. So 55, 35 is right there. So let me redraw my line. It will look-- I lost 25. 25, 14 is right there. So my graph looks something like that. That's my best attempt. Now let's answer the question. We give them $50 right there. You go up, up, up, up, up, up, up. $50. The person is going to get. You go all the way to the left-hand side. That's right about 31.50. We figured out exactly using the formula. But you can see, you can eyeball it from the graph and figure out any amount of dollars. If you give them $20, you're going to go all the way over here. You'll figure out that it should be-- well $20 should be about 7.50. The imprecision in my graph-- in my drawing the graph makes it a little bit less exact. When you say 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times-- actually it'll be a little over $10, which is right. It's right over there. If you put $20 in there, 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times 0.7 is $10.50, which is right there. So you can look at any point in the graph and figure out how many Euros you'll get. Let's do this one where we'll do a little bit of reading a graph. The graph-- I think it said use the graph below. Oh, the graph below shows a conversion chart for converting between weight in kilograms and weight in pounds. Use it to convert the following measurements. We have kilograms here and pounds here. So they want 4 kilograms into weight into pounds. So if we look at this right here, 4 kilograms is right there. We just follow where the graph is. So 4 kilograms into pounds, it looks like, I don't know, a little bit under 9 pounds. So a little bit less than-- so almost, I'll write almost 9 pounds. You can't exactly see. It's a little less than 9 pounds right there. 4 kilograms. Now 9 kilograms. We go over here. 9 kilograms. Go all the way up. That looks like almost exactly 20 pounds. Here they say 12 pounds into weight in kilograms. Actually kilograms is mass, but I won't get particular. So 12 pounds. Go over here. Pounds. 12 pounds in kilograms looks like 5 1/2. Approximately 5 1/2. And then 17 pounds to kilograms. So 17 is right there. 17 pounds to kilograms looks right about 7 1/2 kilograms. Anyway, hopefully that these examples made you a little bit more comfortable with graphing equations and reading graphs of equations. I'll see you in the next video."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7 (video) | Khan Academy\n\nIf you're seeing this message, it means we're having trouble loading external\nresources on our website.\n\nIf you're behind a web filter, please make sure that the domains\n*.kastatic.org and *.kasandbox.org are unblocked.\n\nMain content\n\nMath Class 9 math (India) Linear equations in two variables Graph of a Linear\nEquation in Two Variables\n\n## Graph of a Linear Equation in Two Variables\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\n\nThis is the currently selected item.\n\n * Practice: Graph from linear standard form\n\nCurrent time:0:00Total duration:13:10\n\n0 energy points\n\nMath·Class 9 math (India)·Linear equations in two variables·Graph of a Linear\nEquation in Two Variables\n\n# Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\n\nCCSS Math: 8.F.A.1\n\nGoogle ClassroomFacebookTwitter\n\nEmail\n\n## Graph of a Linear Equation in Two Variables\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\n\n * Graphing a linear equation: y=2x+7\n\nThis is the currently selected item.\n\n * Practice: Graph from linear standard form\n\nTags\n\nGraphing linear equationsWord problems\n\n## Video transcript\n\nLet's do a couple of problems graphing linear equations. They are a bunch of\nways to graph linear equations. What we'll do in this video is the most basic\nway. Where we will just plot a bunch of values and then connect the dots. I\nthink you'll see what I'm saying. So here I have an equation, a linear\nequation. I'll rewrite it just in case that was too small. y is equal to 2x\nplus 7. I want to graph this linear equation. Before I even take out the graph\npaper, what I could do is set up a table. Where I pick a bunch of x values and\nthen I can figure out what y value would correspond to each of those x values.\nSo for example, if x is equal to-- let me start really low-- if x is equal to\nminus 2-- or negative 2, I should say-- what is y? Well, you substitute\nnegative 2 up here. It would be 2 times negative 2 plus 7. This is negative 4\nplus 7. This is equal to 3. If x is equal to-- I'm just picking x values at\nrandom that might be indicative of-- I'll probably do three or four points\nhere. So what happens when x is equal to 0? Then y is going to be equal to 2\ntimes 0 plus 7. Is going to be equal to 7. I just happen to be going up by 2.\nYou could be going up by 1 or you could be picking numbers at random. When x\nis equal to 2, what is y? It'll be 2 times 2 plus 7. So 4 plus 7 is equal to\n11. I could keep plotting points if I like. We should already have enough to\ngraph it. Actually to plot any line, you actually only need two points. So we\nalready have one more than necessary. Actually, let me just do one more just\nto show you that this really is a line. So what happens when x is equal to 4?\nActually, just to not go up by 2, let's do x is equal to 8. Just to pick a\nrandom number. Then y is going to be 2 times 8 plus 7, which is-- well this\nmight go off of our graph paper-- but 2 times 8 is 16 plus 7 is equal to 23.\nNow let's graph it. Let me do my y-axis right there. That is my y-axis. Let me\ndo my x-axis. I have a lot of positive values here, so a lot of space on the\npositive y-side. That is my x-axis. And then I use the points x is equal to\nnegative 2. That's negative 1. That's 0, 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8. Those are our\nx values. Then we can go up into the y-axis. I'll do it at a slightly\ndifferent scale because these numbers get large very quickly. So maybe I'll do\nit in increments of 2. So this could be 2, 4, 6, 8, 10, 12, 14, 16. I could\njust keep going up there, but let's plot these points. So the first coordinate\nI have is x is equal to negative 2, y is equal to 3. So I can write my\ncoordinate. It's going to be the point negative 2, 3. x is negative 2. y is 3.\n3 would land right over there. So that's our first one, negative 2, 3. Then\nour next point. 0, 7. We do it in that color. 0, 7. x is 0. Y is 7. Right\nthere. 0, 7. We have this one in green here. Point 2, 11. 2, 11 would be right\nabout there. And then this last point-- this is actually going to fall off of\nmy graph. 8, 23. That's going to be way up here someplace. If you can even see\nwhat I'm doing. This is 8, 23. If we connect the dots, you'll see a line\nforms. Let me connect these dots. I've obviously hand drawn it, so it might\nnot be a perfectly straight line. If you had a computer do it, it would be a\nstraight line. So you could keep picking x values and figuring out the\ncorresponding y values. In the situation y is a function of our x values. If\nyou kept plotting every point, you'll get every line. If you picked every\npossible x and plotted every one, you get every point on the line. Let's do\nanother problem. At the airport, you can change your money from dollars into\nEuros. The service costs $5. and for every additional dollar, you get EUR 0.7.\nMake a table for this and plot the function on a graph. Use your graph to\ndetermine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50. I will\nwrite Euros is equal to-- so let's see, it's going to be dollars. So you're\ngoing to have to give your dollars. Right off of the bat, they're going to\ntake $5. So dollars minus 5. So immediately this service costs $5. And then\neverything that's leftover-- this is your leftover-- you get EUR 0.7 for every\nleftover dollars. You get 0.7 for whatever's leftover. So this is the\nrelationship. Now we can plot points-- we could actually answer their question\nright off the bat. If you give them $50, we don't even have to look at a\ngraph. But we will look at a graph right after this. So if you did Euros is\nequal to-- if you have given them $50-- it would be 0.7 times 50 minus 5. You\ngave them 50. They took 5 as a service fee. So this is just $45 It would be\n0.7 times 45. I could do that right here. 45 times 0.7. 7 times 5 is 35. 4\ntimes 7 is 28 plus 3 is 31. And then we have only one number behind the\ndecimal, only this 7. So it's 31.5. So if you give them $50, you're going to\nget EUR 31.5. Euros, not dollars. So we answered their question, but let's\nactually do it graphically. Let's do a table. Maybe I'll get a calculator out.\nI'll refer to that in a little bit. So let's say dollars you give them. And\nhow many Euros do you get? I'll just put a bunch of random numbers. If you\ngive them $5, they're just going to take your $5 for the fee. You're going to\nget $5 minus 5, which is 0 times 0.7. So you're going to get nothing back. So\nthere's really no good reason for you to do that. Then if you give them $10.\nWhat's going to happen? If you give them $10, 10 minus 5 is 5 times 0.7.\nYou're going to get $3-- or I should say EUR 3.50. 3.5 Euros, you'll get. Now\nwhat happens if you give them $30? Actually let me say 25. If you give him\n$25, 25 minus 5 is 20. 20 times 0.7 is $14. I'll do one more value. Let's say\nyou gave them $55. This makes the math easy because then you subtract that 5\nout. 55 minus 5 is 50 times 0.7 is $35. Is that right? Yep, that's right.\nYou'll get EUR 35 I should say. These are all Euros. I keep wanting to say\ndollars. Let's plot this. All of these values are positive, so I only have to\ndraw the first quadrant here. And so the dollars-- let's go in increments of\n5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35, 40, 45, 50, 55. I made my x-axis a little shorter\nthan I needed to. All the way up to 55. And then the y-axis. I'll go in\nincrements of 5. So that's 5, 10, 15, 20, 25, 30, 35. Well that's a little bit\ntoo much of an increment. 35. Now let's plot these points. I give them $5. I\nget EUR 0. This right here is Euros. This is the dollars. The dollars is the\nindependent variable and we figure out the Euros from it. Or the Euros I get\nis dependent on the dollars I get. If I give $10, I get EUR 3.50. 3.50-- it's\nhard to read. Maybe 3.50 would be right around there. If I give $25, I get EUR\n14. 25, 14 is right about there. Obviously, I'm hand drawing it, so it's not\ngoing to be quite exact. If I get $55, I get EUR 35. So 55, 35 right there. If\nI were to connect to the dots, I should get something that looks pretty close\nto a line. If I did it-- if I was a computer, it would be exactly a line. That\nlooks pretty good. Then we could eyeball what they asked us to do. Use your\ngraph to determine how many Euros you would get if you give the office $50.\nThis is 50 right here. So you go bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam, bam. I'm\nat the graph. Then you go all the way-- actually I drew that last point on the\ngraph a little bit incorrectly. Let me. 35 is right here. Let me redraw that\npoint. 35 is right there roughly. So 55, 35 is right there. So let me redraw\nmy line. It will look-- I lost 25. 25, 14 is right there. So my graph looks\nsomething like that. That's my best attempt. Now let's answer the question. We\ngive them $50 right there. You go up, up, up, up, up, up, up. $50. The person\nis going to get. You go all the way to the left-hand side. That's right about\n31.50. We figured out exactly using the formula. But you can see, you can\neyeball it from the graph and figure out any amount of dollars. If you give\nthem $20, you're going to go all the way over here. You'll figure out that it\nshould be-- well $20 should be about 7.50. The imprecision in my graph-- in my\ndrawing the graph makes it a little bit less exact. When you say 20 minus 5 is\n15. 15 times-- actually it'll be a little over $10, which is right. It's right\nover there. If you put $20 in there, 20 minus 5 is 15. 15 times 0.7 is $10.50,\nwhich is right there. So you can look at any point in the graph and figure out\nhow many Euros you'll get. Let's do this one where we'll do a little bit of\nreading a graph. The graph-- I think it said use the graph below. Oh, the\ngraph below shows a conversion chart for converting between weight in\nkilograms and weight in pounds. Use it to convert the following measurements.\nWe have kilograms here and pounds here. So they want 4 kilograms into weight\ninto pounds. So if we look at this right here, 4 kilograms is right there. We\njust follow where the graph is. So 4 kilograms into pounds, it looks like, I\ndon't know, a little bit under 9 pounds. So a little bit less than-- so\nalmost, I'll write almost 9 pounds. You can't exactly see. It's a little less\nthan 9 pounds right there. 4 kilograms. Now 9 kilograms. We go over here. 9\nkilograms. Go all the way up. That looks like almost exactly 20 pounds. Here\nthey say 12 pounds into weight in kilograms. Actually kilograms is mass, but I\nwon't get particular. So 12 pounds. Go over here. Pounds. 12 pounds in\nkilograms looks like 5 1/2. Approximately 5 1/2. And then 17 pounds to\nkilograms. So 17 is right there. 17 pounds to kilograms looks right about 7\n1/2 kilograms. Anyway, hopefully that these examples made you a little bit\nmore comfortable with graphing equations and reading graphs of equations. I'll\nsee you in the next video.\n\nGraphing a linear equation: 5x+2y=20\n\nGraph from linear standard form\n\nUp Next\n\nGraph from linear standard form\n\nOur mission is to provide a free, world-class education to anyone, anywhere.\n\nKhan Academy is a 501(c)(3) nonprofit organization. Donate or volunteer today!\n\n## Site Navigation\n\n * ### About\n\n * News\n * Impact\n * Our team\n * Our interns\n * Our content specialists\n * Our leadership\n * Our supporters\n * Our contributors\n * Our finances\n * Careers\n * Internships\n * ### Contact\n\n * Help center\n * Support community\n * Share your story\n * Press\n * ### Download our apps\n\n * iOS app\n * Android app\n * ### Courses\n\nCountryU.S.IndiaMexicoBrazil\n\n© 2020 Khan Academy\n\nTerms of use\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n"
}
] |
1,282,669 | How To Start a Poem | To start a poem, try using an image to set the scene for the rest of the poem. For example, if you want to write a love poem, you could start with the image of a flower that grows with the nurturing of the sun and soil to compare to your relationship that grows with acts of love. Alternatively, you could begin with an event, like you’re watching two people madly in love, and this leads you to want to reignite the fire in your own relationship. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210305073641/https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20190624071750/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211123025852/https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20191102032234/https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200804155815/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html?_r=0",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211204151915/http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160416145422/http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms?category=forms-and-types",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20161018150630/http://www.poeticmedicine.com:80/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210905071726/https://www.bartleby.com/101/536.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211107190535/http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html"
] | train | 514 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305073641/https://www.socialworker.com/feature-articles/practice/Poetry_Therapy%3A_Using_Words_to_Heal/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal",
"passages": [
"It’s often been said that a picture is worth a thousand words. But when the words are poetic—full of imagery, metaphors, and rhythm—they’re much more powerful.",
"Biblio/poetry therapy, one of the creative arts therapies, is the use of the written word (although it may be read out loud) to bring healing and personal growth.",
"According to the National Association for Poetry Therapy, a worldwide community of poets, writers, journal keepers, helping professionals, health care professionals, and others who recognize the healing power of language, poetry therapy has primitive roots. Shamans and witch doctors chanted poetry for the well-being of the tribe or individual.",
"The Roman physician Soranus prescribed tragedy for his manic patients and comedy for the depressed ones—and can be called the first poetry therapist on record. Dr. Benjamin Rush, called the “Father of American Psychiatry,” used music and literature as complementary treatments. His patients published their own writings in their newspaper.",
"Although there is some disagreement, many consider bibliotherapy—interactive use of literature—a subcategory of poetry therapy. The National Federation for Biblio/Poetry Therapy, incorporated in 1963, sets standards of excellence in the training and credentialing of practitioners in both fields. Practitioners may be credentialed as certified applied poetry facilitators, certified poetry therapists, or registered poetry therapists.",
"Some poetry and bibliotherapists are also active in the National Coalition of Creative Arts Therapies Associations, which hosts an annual conference of all the arts therapies.",
"Bibliotherapy was first adopted by librarians, who saw value in the practice of selecting and using specific books helpful to psychiatric patients. Dr. Karl Menninger collaborated with the librarians in his hospital, because he felt they knew the patients better.",
"Poet Eli Griefer in the late 1920s started a “poemtherapy” group as a volunteer at Creedmore State Hospital. Much later, in 1959, he facilitated a poetry therapy group at Cumberland Hospital with two supervising psychiatrists, Dr. Jack J. Leedy and Dr. Sam Spector. Leedy’s efforts led to the creation of the Association for Poetry Therapy, parent of today’s Association. He also published what social work professor and poetry therapist Nick Mazza, Ph.D., calls “the first significant book on poetry therapy.”",
"Compared with art therapy and music therapy, biblio/poetry therapy is a small field, with practitioners more in the hundreds than thousands, according to Mazza, Patricia V. Vance Professor of Social Work at Florida State University, author, and editor of the Journal of Poetry Therapy. “We’re the new kid on the block [in terms of an organized field]. But it’s catching up,” he says. “We have a code of ethics. The journal gives us credibility.”",
"Poetry therapy is used in three major domains, he explains. The receptive- prescriptive uses preexisting poetry or literature to elicit responses. The expressive-creative gives a client or group the chance to write, whether it’s poetry or letters. “This is an effective way to cope with spontaneous tragedy,” he says. “There’s a lot of hard research about the health effects of writing—for example, in the writings of James Pennebaker.”",
"A third usage is the symbolic-ceremonial, which is connected to the power of ritual or symbols. “If someone is struggling with a loss, that person might write a letter to the person who’s gone,” Mazza explains. “It also works with community tragedies. A lot of people wrote and drew after Columbine, but it became ceremonial when they posted it.”",
"In his past private practice—now he largely does workshops and consultation—Mazza found poetry therapy is effective with many different populations: children, the elderly, hospice and hospital patients, the homeless, and survivors of sexual assault.",
"“It doesn’t work with all people and all situations,” he says. “And as Jerome Frank, the social psychologist, said, anything that has the power to heal has the power to harm. The timing is important. We also have to ask if a person is ready for a group. Young children might be more responsive with art therapy. But I use poetry therapy a lot. It cuts across modalities—with individuals, couples, families, groups, and community.”",
"Although Nancy Scherlong became a social worker, she was a writer years ago, trained to be an English teacher and poet. With a minor in psychology, she had heard about poetry therapy and “switched gears.” Currently, she is in full- time private practice.",
"“I do a lot of writing intervention in bereavement,” she says. “If a person didn’t have a chance to say good-bye, I encourage writing a letter. We also use scrapbooks of photos and memories. The first year is hard, especially around the holidays.”",
"Previously, Scherlong did therapy with kids 4-21 in a foster care facility and used writing, especially fairy tales and the force of magic. She worked with them individually and in sibling groups. The kids would write about themselves but not as themselves, which was “less threatening,” she says. “It was fiction, but all about them. Writing helps people feel less vulnerable, but not directly. It’s a third thing to focus on. Poetry is metaphorical; it doesn’t have to be literally true but can use symbolic or vague images.”",
"Writing poetry or stories diminishes anxiety and reveals more than talking otherwise might, she adds, “although it’s not quite as revealing [directly] as expository writing.”",
"At the end of the poetry groups, Scherlong would help clients put together a “chat book” and a performance—at which they got to read their pieces.",
"In addition to the three modalities described by Mazza, she believes there is a fourth—asking clients to take existing poems and discuss what poem they would write if it were their own. “This can be a catalyst, especially with bereavement, since people have walked that road before,” says Scherlong. “It can decrease a sense of isolation.”",
"Poetry therapy can even be effective with people not considered to be very articulate. Early in her career, Scherlong worked with developmentally disabled children who “couldn’t write but could dictate” so she could write, Scherlong recalls. Elderly people with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease can often still tell a “coherent story or fantasy” that has meaning for them, and those with or without memory loss might want to create a memoir.",
"“Poetry therapy should match the cognitive and literacy level of the client and meet the person where he or she is—with an eye toward the future,” Scherlong says.",
"Alma Rolfs, a clinical social worker of more than 30 years’ duration who is a long-standing member of NAPT, isn’t using poetry therapy separately with her clients. She does work it into regular psychotherapy sessions in her practice with adults and couples.",
"However, in the past, Rolfs did poetry therapy with both in- and outpatient psychiatric patients, with the chemically addicted, postpartum women, and children, as well as training and workshops regarding poetry therapy. Now she does more educating and training.",
"Rolfs calls poetry therapy an “absolutely marvelous treatment modality,” combining the strengths of all the creative arts therapies in accessing uncensored material and responding on a deep level without the use of [their] words. “For many people, the words are the really awkward part of treatment,” Rolfs says. “The use of literature and creative writing allows freedom and creativity with language the clients don’t think they have the capacity for. This is both self-esteem-building and life-affirming.”",
"In the classic sequence of biblio/poetry therapy, the therapist offers a piece of literature or lyric that stimulates a response and then invites the client’s own “creative act”—writing of one’s own. This can be done in individual practice or in group, although it’s usually more “spontaneous” in the former and requires more planning in a group. “It can be democratizing with groups,” Rolfs says, “in that everyone makes a contribution. It’s been remarkably effective with any of the groups I’ve worked with.”",
"With individuals, she adds, you have to fit the technique to a particular type of person. A very intellectually “defended” person may be less responsive in therapy, but a poem may be able to cut through that defense,” she says. “If a poem can cut through, that can be very effective. It’s especially useful in cutting through the sense of inadequacy or intellectual defense.”",
"Peggy Heller loved poetry and words as a child. For 16 years, she worked as a tutor/teacher for Stanley Kaplan Educational Services. She had studied speech pathology in college, then trained in biblio/poetry therapy and became a mental health professional. Heller has held multiple positions in the poetry association, including president.",
"She has applied poetry therapy in psychiatric and regular hospitals, with recently deinstitutionalized patients, and at a center for young people with dual diagnosis of mental retardation and schizophrenia. One poem she found to be “sure fire,” even with developmentally disabled kids, is Eve Miriam’s “How To Eat a Poem,” dealing with metaphorical meaning.",
"“I used children’s stories the kids could relate to and held up pictures, the way we do with kids in the library,” says Heller, who more recently has been in private practice. “The key is that even minimally verbal people can pay attention even in the moment, and there’s value in it. I trained with the most severely schizophrenic people who had been hospitalized for decades. We created progress in such minute steps.”",
"Biblio/poetry therapy can also be effective with older people, who find life review and communication of their values meaningful, she adds. It can help poets and writers during “blank” periods, as well.",
"An MSW, Phyllis Klein moved to California to work with an outpatient mental health clinic. She then worked in a variety of nonprofits until starting a private practice in 1990. Most of her experience has been with adults, although she did see children and teens in the early part of her career.",
"“I got interested in poetry therapy the way many people do,” she says. “I found myself writing for my own healing and then learned there was a modality that promoted this kind of work professionally. From there I was determined to get credentialed. I had never really studied creative writing or fine arts, so I was unsullied in terms of writing straight from the heart—which is the basic credo of poetry therapy. Poetry therapy is so effective in helping people find and develop their ‘voice.’ ”",
"Currently, Klein is working primarily with individuals but also runs groups when there’s interest. Sometimes she brings in a poem for someone, and sometimes she and the client read poems together. They may bring in their own writing or write during the sessions.",
"“I have used poetry as a way to help with a grief process, and when this is done collaboratively, it can become a long lasting bond between me and the client,” says Klein, who has written about poetry therapy and its healing power. “Sometimes people keep a journal but don’t bring it in, which is fine. Each person has his own healing path—sometimes to share and sometimes to keep things private.”",
"What is important in all settings is that there is no critiquing or editing, Klein points out, so that safety is created and meaningful self-expression can occur. “No arts therapy should make people feel their stuff isn’t good enough. It’s all from the heart and in the moment,” she adds. “People already have an inner critic.”",
"Sherry Reiter, who holds an MSW and Ph.D. in social work, had a social worker father and a reading teacher mother. She also had a passion for literature at an early age. “Books were my great love, even at age five,” Reiter says. “Later, writing became a way of claiming my voice. I also loved the theater and was entranced by story, symbol, and creative imagination.”",
"Reiter was only 17 when she experienced the power of poetry while volunteering to facilitate writing workshops at a senior center. Twelve senior citizens, 65 through 95, sat in a circle. She asked each person to write a list of word associations to a few selected words and then work on creating a poem or story from those lists.",
"Even then, Reiter realized there was something at work beyond creative writing—what she now calls “a sharing of rich emotions and a powerful release of feelings” in the writing circle. Later on, Reiter worked part time as a drama specialist for the New York City Department of Aging as she pursued acting, but she felt more and more drawn to social work.",
"She has since worked with children, teens, adults of all ages, “normal” neurotics, psychiatric populations, and individuals with addiction, HIV, cancer, disability, and terminal illness. In the 1970s, she observed Jack Leedy’s practice, in which he gave patients methadone only after they gave him a poem. Reiter taught poetry therapy with Leedy at the New School of Social Research and continues to teach at Hofstra University.",
"Reiter wrote Writing Away the Demons: Stories of Creative Coping Through Transformative Writing, which illustrates writing as a tool of psychological survival. The men and women whose stories are featured were able to use their journals instead of reacting with the more usual stress responses of fight, flight, or freeze, she says.",
"Reiter is also director of the Creative “Righting” Center, a poetry therapy training center for helping professionals. The title refers to the ability for writing to help us balance or center ourselves. “Writing can be a way of straightening out emotional knots, a way of achieving balance in our lives so that a sense of well-being emerges,” Reiter wrote on her Web site. “When we read, we benefit from poetic medicine.”",
"Poetic devices, particularly metaphor, give the writer the freedom to be specific and concrete or as abstract as desired. It’s been called the “79-cent therapist,” because all a patient or client needs is paper and pen. It doesn’t require special materials and a special space. Writing can be done anywhere.",
"I was glad when my journaling for therapy turned into poetry, it was less angry rants. The brevity of poetry forced me into being more concise and giving a name to the pain. Then I could more easily deal with the specific issues and work it out. I also gained more self-esteem when I self-published under the pen name of Micah Mason. The book is \"My Therapy Journal: A Journey of Heal\" which hass a cover with a quilt I made a age 9. Thanks for encouraging poetry therapy. I very much enjoyed this article.",
"All material published on this website Copyright 1994-2020 White Hat Communications. All rights reserved. Please contact the publisher for permission to reproduce or reprint any materials on this site. Opinions expressed on this site are the opinions of the writer and do not necessarily represent the views of the publisher."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal - SocialWorker.com\n\nSkip to main content\n\nAbout Us Advertise Subscribe Now\n\nFollow us! facebook flickr twitter pinterest instagram\n\nHome Articles Practice Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal\n\nEquine Therapy and Social Work: A Winning Combination\n\nThe Difference Between Case and Cause Advocacy is U (You)\n\n# Poetry Therapy: Using Words to Heal\n\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\n\nLike this article? Share it!\n\nRSS\n\nPrint\n\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\n\nIt’s often been said that a picture is worth a thousand words. But when the\nwords are poetic—full of imagery, metaphors, and rhythm—they’re much more\npowerful.\n\nBiblio/poetry therapy, one of the creative arts therapies, is the use of the\nwritten word (although it may be read out loud) to bring healing and personal\ngrowth.\n\nAccording to the National Association for Poetry Therapy, a worldwide\ncommunity of poets, writers, journal keepers, helping professionals, health\ncare professionals, and others who recognize the healing power of language,\npoetry therapy has primitive roots. Shamans and witch doctors chanted poetry\nfor the well-being of the tribe or individual.\n\nThe Roman physician Soranus prescribed tragedy for his manic patients and\ncomedy for the depressed ones—and can be called the first poetry therapist on\nrecord. Dr. Benjamin Rush, called the “Father of American Psychiatry,” used\nmusic and literature as complementary treatments. His patients published their\nown writings in their newspaper.\n\nAlthough there is some disagreement, many consider bibliotherapy—interactive\nuse of literature—a subcategory of poetry therapy. The National Federation for\nBiblio/Poetry Therapy, incorporated in 1963, sets standards of excellence in\nthe training and credentialing of practitioners in both fields. Practitioners\nmay be credentialed as certified applied poetry facilitators, certified poetry\ntherapists, or registered poetry therapists.\n\nSome poetry and bibliotherapists are also active in the National Coalition of\nCreative Arts Therapies Associations, which hosts an annual conference of all\nthe arts therapies.\n\nBibliotherapy was first adopted by librarians, who saw value in the practice\nof selecting and using specific books helpful to psychiatric patients. Dr.\nKarl Menninger collaborated with the librarians in his hospital, because he\nfelt they knew the patients better.\n\nFreud stated that it wasn’t he, but the poet, who “discovered the\nunconscious.”\n\nPoet Eli Griefer in the late 1920s started a “poemtherapy” group as a\nvolunteer at Creedmore State Hospital. Much later, in 1959, he facilitated a\npoetry therapy group at Cumberland Hospital with two supervising\npsychiatrists, Dr. Jack J. Leedy and Dr. Sam Spector. Leedy’s efforts led to\nthe creation of the Association for Poetry Therapy, parent of today’s\nAssociation. He also published what social work professor and poetry therapist\nNick Mazza, Ph.D., calls “the first significant book on poetry therapy.”\n\nCompared with art therapy and music therapy, biblio/poetry therapy is a small\nfield, with practitioners more in the hundreds than thousands, according to\nMazza, Patricia V. Vance Professor of Social Work at Florida State University,\nauthor, and editor of the Journal of Poetry Therapy. “We’re the new kid on the\nblock [in terms of an organized field]. But it’s catching up,” he says. “We\nhave a code of ethics. The journal gives us credibility.”\n\nPoetry therapy is used in three major domains, he explains. The receptive-\nprescriptive uses preexisting poetry or literature to elicit responses. The\nexpressive-creative gives a client or group the chance to write, whether it’s\npoetry or letters. “This is an effective way to cope with spontaneous\ntragedy,” he says. “There’s a lot of hard research about the health effects of\nwriting—for example, in the writings of James Pennebaker.”\n\nA third usage is the symbolic-ceremonial, which is connected to the power of\nritual or symbols. “If someone is struggling with a loss, that person might\nwrite a letter to the person who’s gone,” Mazza explains. “It also works with\ncommunity tragedies. A lot of people wrote and drew after Columbine, but it\nbecame ceremonial when they posted it.”\n\nIn his past private practice—now he largely does workshops and\nconsultation—Mazza found poetry therapy is effective with many different\npopulations: children, the elderly, hospice and hospital patients, the\nhomeless, and survivors of sexual assault.\n\n“It doesn’t work with all people and all situations,” he says. “And as Jerome\nFrank, the social psychologist, said, anything that has the power to heal has\nthe power to harm. The timing is important. We also have to ask if a person is\nready for a group. Young children might be more responsive with art therapy.\nBut I use poetry therapy a lot. It cuts across modalities—with individuals,\ncouples, families, groups, and community.”\n\nAlthough Nancy Scherlong became a social worker, she was a writer years ago,\ntrained to be an English teacher and poet. With a minor in psychology, she had\nheard about poetry therapy and “switched gears.” Currently, she is in full-\ntime private practice.\n\n“I do a lot of writing intervention in bereavement,” she says. “If a person\ndidn’t have a chance to say good-bye, I encourage writing a letter. We also\nuse scrapbooks of photos and memories. The first year is hard, especially\naround the holidays.”\n\nPreviously, Scherlong did therapy with kids 4-21 in a foster care facility and\nused writing, especially fairy tales and the force of magic. She worked with\nthem individually and in sibling groups. The kids would write about themselves\nbut not as themselves, which was “less threatening,” she says. “It was\nfiction, but all about them. Writing helps people feel less vulnerable, but\nnot directly. It’s a third thing to focus on. Poetry is metaphorical; it\ndoesn’t have to be literally true but can use symbolic or vague images.”\n\nWriting poetry or stories diminishes anxiety and reveals more than talking\notherwise might, she adds, “although it’s not quite as revealing [directly] as\nexpository writing.”\n\nAt the end of the poetry groups, Scherlong would help clients put together a\n“chat book” and a performance—at which they got to read their pieces.\n\nIn addition to the three modalities described by Mazza, she believes there is\na fourth—asking clients to take existing poems and discuss what poem they\nwould write if it were their own. “This can be a catalyst, especially with\nbereavement, since people have walked that road before,” says Scherlong. “It\ncan decrease a sense of isolation.”\n\nPoetry therapy can even be effective with people not considered to be very\narticulate. Early in her career, Scherlong worked with developmentally\ndisabled children who “couldn’t write but could dictate” so she could write,\nScherlong recalls. Elderly people with dementia or Alzheimer’s disease can\noften still tell a “coherent story or fantasy” that has meaning for them, and\nthose with or without memory loss might want to create a memoir.\n\n“Poetry therapy should match the cognitive and literacy level of the client\nand meet the person where he or she is—with an eye toward the future,”\nScherlong says.\n\nAlma Rolfs, a clinical social worker of more than 30 years’ duration who is a\nlong-standing member of NAPT, isn’t using poetry therapy separately with her\nclients. She does work it into regular psychotherapy sessions in her practice\nwith adults and couples.\n\nHowever, in the past, Rolfs did poetry therapy with both in- and outpatient\npsychiatric patients, with the chemically addicted, postpartum women, and\nchildren, as well as training and workshops regarding poetry therapy. Now she\ndoes more educating and training.\n\nRolfs calls poetry therapy an “absolutely marvelous treatment modality,”\ncombining the strengths of all the creative arts therapies in accessing\nuncensored material and responding on a deep level without the use of [their]\nwords. “For many people, the words are the really awkward part of treatment,”\nRolfs says. “The use of literature and creative writing allows freedom and\ncreativity with language the clients don’t think they have the capacity for.\nThis is both self-esteem-building and life-affirming.”\n\nIn the classic sequence of biblio/poetry therapy, the therapist offers a piece\nof literature or lyric that stimulates a response and then invites the\nclient’s own “creative act”—writing of one’s own. This can be done in\nindividual practice or in group, although it’s usually more “spontaneous” in\nthe former and requires more planning in a group. “It can be democratizing\nwith groups,” Rolfs says, “in that everyone makes a contribution. It’s been\nremarkably effective with any of the groups I’ve worked with.”\n\nWith individuals, she adds, you have to fit the technique to a particular type\nof person. A very intellectually “defended” person may be less responsive in\ntherapy, but a poem may be able to cut through that defense,” she says. “If a\npoem can cut through, that can be very effective. It’s especially useful in\ncutting through the sense of inadequacy or intellectual defense.”\n\nPeggy Heller loved poetry and words as a child. For 16 years, she worked as a\ntutor/teacher for Stanley Kaplan Educational Services. She had studied speech\npathology in college, then trained in biblio/poetry therapy and became a\nmental health professional. Heller has held multiple positions in the poetry\nassociation, including president.\n\nShe has applied poetry therapy in psychiatric and regular hospitals, with\nrecently deinstitutionalized patients, and at a center for young people with\ndual diagnosis of mental retardation and schizophrenia. One poem she found to\nbe “sure fire,” even with developmentally disabled kids, is Eve Miriam’s “How\nTo Eat a Poem,” dealing with metaphorical meaning.\n\n“I used children’s stories the kids could relate to and held up pictures, the\nway we do with kids in the library,” says Heller, who more recently has been\nin private practice. “The key is that even minimally verbal people can pay\nattention even in the moment, and there’s value in it. I trained with the most\nseverely schizophrenic people who had been hospitalized for decades. We\ncreated progress in such minute steps.”\n\nBiblio/poetry therapy can also be effective with older people, who find life\nreview and communication of their values meaningful, she adds. It can help\npoets and writers during “blank” periods, as well.\n\nAn MSW, Phyllis Klein moved to California to work with an outpatient mental\nhealth clinic. She then worked in a variety of nonprofits until starting a\nprivate practice in 1990. Most of her experience has been with adults,\nalthough she did see children and teens in the early part of her career.\n\n“I got interested in poetry therapy the way many people do,” she says. “I\nfound myself writing for my own healing and then learned there was a modality\nthat promoted this kind of work professionally. From there I was determined to\nget credentialed. I had never really studied creative writing or fine arts, so\nI was unsullied in terms of writing straight from the heart—which is the basic\ncredo of poetry therapy. Poetry therapy is so effective in helping people find\nand develop their ‘voice.’ ”\n\nCurrently, Klein is working primarily with individuals but also runs groups\nwhen there’s interest. Sometimes she brings in a poem for someone, and\nsometimes she and the client read poems together. They may bring in their own\nwriting or write during the sessions.\n\n“I have used poetry as a way to help with a grief process, and when this is\ndone collaboratively, it can become a long lasting bond between me and the\nclient,” says Klein, who has written about poetry therapy and its healing\npower. “Sometimes people keep a journal but don’t bring it in, which is fine.\nEach person has his own healing path—sometimes to share and sometimes to keep\nthings private.”\n\nWhat is important in all settings is that there is no critiquing or editing,\nKlein points out, so that safety is created and meaningful self-expression can\noccur. “No arts therapy should make people feel their stuff isn’t good enough.\nIt’s all from the heart and in the moment,” she adds. “People already have an\ninner critic.”\n\nSherry Reiter, who holds an MSW and Ph.D. in social work, had a social worker\nfather and a reading teacher mother. She also had a passion for literature at\nan early age. “Books were my great love, even at age five,” Reiter says.\n“Later, writing became a way of claiming my voice. I also loved the theater\nand was entranced by story, symbol, and creative imagination.”\n\nReiter was only 17 when she experienced the power of poetry while volunteering\nto facilitate writing workshops at a senior center. Twelve senior citizens, 65\nthrough 95, sat in a circle. She asked each person to write a list of word\nassociations to a few selected words and then work on creating a poem or story\nfrom those lists.\n\nEven then, Reiter realized there was something at work beyond creative\nwriting—what she now calls “a sharing of rich emotions and a powerful release\nof feelings” in the writing circle. Later on, Reiter worked part time as a\ndrama specialist for the New York City Department of Aging as she pursued\nacting, but she felt more and more drawn to social work.\n\nShe has since worked with children, teens, adults of all ages, “normal”\nneurotics, psychiatric populations, and individuals with addiction, HIV,\ncancer, disability, and terminal illness. In the 1970s, she observed Jack\nLeedy’s practice, in which he gave patients methadone only after they gave him\na poem. Reiter taught poetry therapy with Leedy at the New School of Social\nResearch and continues to teach at Hofstra University.\n\nReiter wrote Writing Away the Demons: Stories of Creative Coping Through\nTransformative Writing, which illustrates writing as a tool of psychological\nsurvival. The men and women whose stories are featured were able to use their\njournals instead of reacting with the more usual stress responses of fight,\nflight, or freeze, she says.\n\nReiter is also director of the Creative “Righting” Center, a poetry therapy\ntraining center for helping professionals. The title refers to the ability for\nwriting to help us balance or center ourselves. “Writing can be a way of\nstraightening out emotional knots, a way of achieving balance in our lives so\nthat a sense of well-being emerges,” Reiter wrote on her Web site. “When we\nread, we benefit from poetic medicine.”\n\nPoetic devices, particularly metaphor, give the writer the freedom to be\nspecific and concrete or as abstract as desired. It’s been called the “79-cent\ntherapist,” because all a patient or client needs is paper and pen. It doesn’t\nrequire special materials and a special space. Writing can be done anywhere.\n\nFor Your Information\n\nNational Federation for Biblio/Poetry Therapy—http://www.nfbpt.com\n\nNational Association for Poetry Therapy—http://www.poetrytherapy.org\n\nNick Mazza—nfmazza@fsu.edu —editor of Journal for Poetry Therapy\n\nCreative Righting—http://users.erols.com/sreiter/\n\nWomen's Therapy Services (Phyllis\nKlein)—http://www.womenstherapyservices.com/articles.html\n\nBarbara Trainin Blank is a freelance writer in Harrisburg, PA.\n\nBack to Search Results\n\n#### Tags\n\nWinter 2010 Poetry\n\nby Barbara Trainin Blank\n\nLike this article? Share it!\n\nRSS\n\nPrint\n\n### Comments (1)\n\nComment Feed\n\n#### My therapy journal\n\nI was glad when my journaling for therapy turned into poetry, it was less\nangry rants. The brevity of poetry forced me into being more concise and\ngiving a name to the pain. Then I could more easily deal with the specific\nissues and work it out. I also gained more self-esteem when I self-published\nunder the pen name of Micah Mason. The book is \"My Therapy Journal: A Journey\nof Heal\" which hass a cover with a quilt I made a age 9. Thanks for\nencouraging poetry therapy. I very much enjoyed this article.\n\nChris Bruce 353 days ago\n\nGreat gift book for social work graduates!\n\n### Readers React\n\n * You are an amazing individual, Angela. Not many people with this disease have been able to integrat\n\nBarbara Heinssen | Listen to the Zebras: Observing Rare Disease Day\n\n * Thank you for framing well being as a human rights issue for the social work profession. I applaud\n\nCaroline Campbell | Social Workers Are Essential - Our Well-Being Is\nEssential, Too!\n\n * What a great introduction to Social Work Month! This is a terrific article, especially the referenc\n\nBrenda Bacon | Essential Social Workers: A Call to Heal Our Nation\n\n * Your persistence made a difference for you and will hopefully do the same for so many others- thank\n\nPatti Swenson-Abraham | Listen to the Zebras: Observing Rare Disease Day\n\nFeatured Jobs at SocialWorkJobBank\n\n * About Us\n * Advertise\n * Writers' Guidelines\n * Contact Us\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n\nAll material published on this website Copyright 1994-2020 White Hat\nCommunications. All rights reserved. Please contact the publisher for\npermission to reproduce or reprint any materials on this site. Opinions\nexpressed on this site are the opinions of the writer and do not necessarily\nrepresent the views of the publisher.\n\nBuilt with Metro PublisherTM\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190624071750/http://www.english.illinois.edu/maps/poets/s_z/whitman/song.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Whitman's \"Song of Myself\"",
"passages": [
"I CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For every atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.",
"My tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here of parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now thirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till death.",
"Creeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they are, but never forgotten, I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every hazard, Nature without check with original energy.",
"Houses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with perfumes, I breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it, The distillation would intoxicate me also, but I shall not let it.",
"The atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the distillation, it is odorless, It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it, I will go to the bank by the wood and become undisguised and naked, I am mad for it to be in contact with me.",
"The smoke of my own breath, Echoes, ripples, buzz'd whispers, love-root, silk- thread, crotch and vine, My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my heart, the passing of blood and air through my lungs, The sniff of green leaves and dry leaves, and of the shore and dark-color'd sea-rocks, and of hay in the barn, The sound of the belch'd words of my voice loos'd to the eddies of the wind, A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around of arms, The play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag, The delight alone or in the rush of the streets, or along the fields and hill-sides, The feeling of health, the full-noon trill, the song of me rising from bed and meeting the sun.",
"Have you reckon'd a thousand acres much? have you reckon'd the earth much? Have you practis'd so long to learn to read? Have you felt so proud to get at the meaning of poems?",
"Stop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems, You shall possess the good of the earth and sun, (there are millions of suns left,) You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look through the eyes of the dead, nor feed on the spectres in books, You shall not look through my eyes either, nor take things from me, You shall listen to all sides and filter them from your self.",
"I have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the end, But I do not talk of the beginning or the end.",
"There was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or age than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is now, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.",
"Urge and urge and urge, Always the procreant urge of the world. Out of the dimness opposite equals advance, always substance and increase, always sex, Always a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed of life.",
"Sure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, well entretied, braced in the beams, Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical, I and this mystery here we stand.",
"Lack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by the seen, Till that becomes unseen and receives proof in its turn.",
"Showing the best and dividing it from the worst age vexes age, Knowing the perfect fitness and equanimity of things, while they discuss I am silent, and go bathe and admire myself.",
"Welcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of any man hearty and clean, Not an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be less familiar than the rest.",
"I am satisfied — I see, dance, laugh, sing; As the hugging and loving bed- fellow sleeps at my side through the night, and withdraws at the peep of the day with stealthy tread, Leaving me baskets cover'd with white towels swelling the house with their plenty, Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization and scream at my eyes, That they turn from gazing after and down the road, And forthwith cipher and show me to a cent, Exactly the value of one and exactly the value of two, and which is ahead?",
"Trippers and askers surround me, People I meet, the effect upon me of my early life or the ward and city I live in, or the nation, The latest dates, discoveries, inventions, societies, authors old and new, My dinner, dress, associates, looks, compliments, dues, The real or fancied indifference of some man or woman I love, The sickness of one of my folks or of myself, or ill- doing or loss or lack of money, or depressions or exaltations, Battles, the horrors of fratricidal war, the fever of doubtful news, the fitful events; These come to me days and nights and go from me again, But they are not the Me myself. Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I am, Stands amused, complacent, compassionating, idle, unitary, Looks down, is erect, or bends an arm on an impalpable certain rest, Looking with side-curved head curious what will come next, Both in and out of the game and watching and wondering at it.",
"Backward I see in my own days where I sweated through fog with linguists and contenders, I have no mockings or arguments, I witness and wait.",
"I believe in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you, And you must not be abased to the other.",
"Loafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat, Not words, not music or rhyme I want, not custom or lecture, not even the best, Only the lull I like, the hum of your valved voice.",
"I mind how once we lay such a transparent summer morning, How you settled your head athwart my hips and gently turn'd over upon me, And parted the shirt from my bosom-bone, and plunged your tongue to my bare-stript heart, And reach'd till you felt my beard, and reach'd till you held my feet.",
"Swiftly arose and spread around me the peace and knowledge that pass all the argument of the earth, And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my own, And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of my own, And that all the men ever born are also my brothers, and the women my sisters and lovers,",
"And that a kelson of the creation is love, And limitless are leaves stiff or drooping in the fields, And brown ants in the little wells beneath them, And mossy scabs of the worm fence, heap'd stones, elder, mullein and poke-weed.",
"A child said What is the grass? fetching it to me with full hands, How could I answer the child? I do not know what it is any more than he.",
"Or I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord, A scented gift and remembrancer designedly dropt, Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, that we may see and remark, and say Whose?",
"Or I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic, And it means, Sprouting alike in broad zones and narrow zones, Growing among black folks as among white, Kanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them the same, I receive them the same.",
"Tenderly will I use you curling grass, It may be you transpire from the breasts of young men, It may be if I had known them I would have loved them, It may be you are from old people, or from offspring taken soon out of their mothers' laps, And here you are the mothers' laps.",
"This grass is very dark to be from the white heads of old mothers, Darker than the colourless beards of old men, Dark to come from under the faint red roofs of mouths.",
"O I perceive after all so many uttering tongues, And I perceive they do not come from the roofs of mouths for nothing.",
"I wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women, And the hints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken soon out of their laps.",
"What do you think has become of the young and old men? And what do you think has become of the women and children?",
"They are alive and well somewhere, The smallest sprout shows there is really no death, And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the end to arrest it, And ceas'd the moment life appear'd.",
"Has any one supposed it lucky to be born? I hasten to inform him or her it is just as lucky to die, and I know it.",
"I pass death with the dying and birth with the new-wash'd babe, and am not contain'd between my hat and boots, And peruse manifold objects, no two alike and every one good, The earth good and the stars good, and their adjuncts all good.",
"I am not an earth nor an adjunct of an earth, I am the mate and companion of people, all just as immortal and fathomless as myself, (They do not know how immortal, but I know.)",
"Every kind for itself and its own, for me mine male and female, For me those that have been boys and that love women, For me the man that is proud and feels how it stings to be slighted,",
"For me the sweet-heart and the old maid, for me mothers and the mothers of mothers, For me lips that have smiled, eyes that have shed tears, For me children and the begetters of children.",
"Undrape! you are not guilty to me, nor stale nor discarded, I see through the broadcloth and gingham whether or no, And am around, tenacious, acquisitive, tireless, and cannot be shaken away.",
"The little one sleeps in its cradle, I lift the gauze and look a long time, and silently brush away flies with my hand.",
"The suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the bedroom, I witness the corpse with its dabbled hair, I note where the pistol has fallen.",
"The blab of the pave, tires of carts, sluff of boot-soles, talk of the promenaders, The heavy omnibus, the driver with his interrogating thumb, the clank of the shod horses on the granite floor, The snow-sleighs, clinking, shouted jokes, pelts of snow-balls, The hurrahs for popular favorites, the fury of rous'd mobs, The flap of the curtain'd litter, a sick man inside borne to the hospital, The meeting of enemies, the sudden oath, the blows and fall, The excited crowd, the policeman with his star quickly working his passage to the centre of the crowd, The impassive stones that receive and return so many echoes, What groans of over-fed or half-starv'd who fall sunstruck or in fits, What exclamations of women taken suddenly who hurry home and give birth to babes,",
"What living and buried speech is always vibrating here, what howls restrain'd by decorum, Arrests of criminals, slights, adulterous offers made, acceptances, rejections with convex lips, I mind them or the show or resonance of them — I come and I depart.",
"The big doors of the country barn stand open and ready, The dried grass of the harvest-time loads the slow-drawn wagon, The clear light plays on the brown gray and green intertinged, The armfuls are pack'd to the sagging mow.",
"I am there, I help, I came stretch'd atop of the load, I felt its soft jolts, one leg reclined on the other, I jump from the cross-beams and seize the clover and timothy, And roll head over heels and tangle my hair full of wisps.",
"Alone far in the wilds and mountains I hunt, Wandering amazed at my own lightness and glee, In the late afternoon choosing a safe spot to pass the night, Kindling a fire and broiling the fresh-kill'd game, Falling asleep on the gather'd leaves with my dog and gun by my side.",
"The Yankee clipper is under her sky-sails, she cuts the sparkle and scud, My eyes settle the land, I bend at her prow or shout joyously from the deck.",
"The boatmen and clam-diggers arose early and stopt for me, I tuck'd my trowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time; You should have been with us that day round the chowder-kettle.",
"I saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in the far west, the bride was a red girl, Her father and his friends sat near cross-legged and dumbly smoking, they had moccasins to their feet and large thick blankets hanging from their shoulders, On a bank lounged the trapper, he was drest mostly in skins, his luxuriant beard and curls protected his neck, he held his bride by the hand, She had long eyelashes, her head was bare, her coarse straight locks descended upon her voluptuous limbs and reach'd to her feet.",
"The runaway slave came to my house and stopt outside, I heard his motions crackling the twigs of the woodpile, Through the swung half-door of the kitchen I saw him limpsy and weak, And went where he sat on a log and led him in and assured him, And brought water and fill'd a tub for his sweated body and bruis'd feet, And gave him a room that enter'd from my own, and gave him some coarse clean clothes, And remember perfectly well his revolving eyes and his awkwardness, And remember putting plasters on the galls of his neck and ankles; He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass'd north, I had him sit next me at table, my fire-lock lean'd in the corner.",
"Twenty-eight young men bathe by the shore, Twenty-eight young men and all so friendly; Twenty-eight years of womanly life and all so lonesome.",
"She owns the fine house by the rise of the bank, She hides handsome and richly drest aft the blinds of the window.",
"Where are you off to, lady? for I see you, You splash in the water there, yet stay stock still in your room.",
"Dancing and laughing along the beach came the twenty-ninth bather, The rest did not see her, but she saw them and loved them.",
"The beards of the young men glisten'd with wet, it ran from their long hair, Little streams pass'd all over their bodies.",
"The young men float on their backs, their white bellies bulge to the sun, they do not ask who seizes fast to them, They do not know who puffs and declines with pendant and bending arch, They do not think whom they souse with spray.",
"The butcher-boy puts off his killing-clothes, or sharpens his knife at the stall in the market, I loiter enjoying his repartee and his shuffle and break- down.",
"Blacksmiths with grimed and hairy chests environ the anvil, Each has his main- sledge, they are all out, there is a great heat in the fire.",
"From the cinder-strew'd threshold I follow their movements, The lithe sheer of their waists plays even with their massive arms, Overhand the hammers swing, overhand so slow, overhand so sure, They do not hasten, each man hits in his place.",
"The negro holds firmly the reins of his four horses, the block swags underneath on its tied-over chain, The negro that drives the long dray of the stone-yard, steady and tall he stands pois'd on one leg on the string-piece, His blue shirt exposes his ample neck and breast and loosens over his hip- band, His glance is calm and commanding, he tosses the slouch of his hat away from his forehead, The sun falls on his crispy hair and mustache, falls on the black of his polish'd and perfect limbs.",
"I behold the picturesque giant and love him, and I do not stop there, I go with the team also.",
"In me the caresser of life wherever moving, backward as well as forward sluing, To niches aside and junior bending, not a person or object missing, Absorbing all to myself and for this song.",
"Oxen that rattle the yoke and chain or halt in the leafy shade, what is that you express in your eyes? It seems to me more than all the print I have read in my life.",
"My tread scares the wood-drake and wood-duck on my distant and day-long ramble, They rise together, they slowly circle around.",
"I believe in those wing'd purposes, And acknowledge red, yellow, white, playing within me, And consider green and violet and the tufted crown intentional, And do not call the tortoise unworthy because she is not something else, And the jay in the woods never studied the gamut, yet trills pretty well to me, And the look of the bay mare shames silliness out of me.",
"The wild gander leads his flock through the cool night, Ya-honk he says, and sounds it down to me like an invitation, The pert may suppose it meaningless, but I listening close, Find its purpose and place up there toward the wintry sky.",
"The sharp-hoof'd moose of the north, the cat on the housesill, the chickadee, the prairie-dog, The litter of the grunting sow as they tug at her teats, The brood of the turkey-hen and she with her half-spread wings, I see in them and myself the same old law.",
"The press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred affections, They scorn the best I can do to relate them.",
"I am enamour'd of growing out-doors, Of men that live among cattle or taste of the ocean or woods, Of the builders and steerers of ships and the wielders of axes and mauls, and the drivers of horses, I can eat and sleep with them week in and week out.",
"What is commonest, cheapest, nearest, easiest, is Me, Me going in for my chances, spending for vast returns, Adorning myself to bestow myself on the first that will take me, Not asking the sky to come down to my good will, Scattering it freely forever.",
"The pure contralto sings in the organ loft, The carpenter dresses his plank, the tongue of his foreplane whistles its wild ascending lisp, The married and unmarried children ride home to their Thanksgiving dinner, The pilot seizes the king-pin, he heaves down with a strong arm, The mate stands braced in the whale-boat, lance and harpoon are ready,",
"The duck-shooter walks by silent and cautious stretches, The deacons are ordain'd with cross'd hands at the altar, The spinning-girl retreats and advances to the hum of the big wheel, The farmer stops by the bars as he walks on a First-day loafe and looks at the oats and rye, The lunatic is carried at last to the asylum a confirm'd case, (He will never sleep any more as he did in the cot in his mother's bedroom;) The jour printer with gray head and gaunt jaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco while his eyes blurr with the manuscript; The malform'd limbs are tied to the surgeon's table, What is removed drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the auction- stand, the drunkard nods by the bar-room stove, The machinist rolls up his sleeves, the policeman travels his beat, the gate-keeper marks who pass, The young fellow drives the express-wagon, (I love him, though I do not know him;) The half-breed straps on his light boots to compete in the race, The western turkey-shooting draws old and young, some lean on their rifles, some sit on logs, Out from the crowd steps the marksman, takes his position, levels his piece; The groups of newly-come immigrants cover the wharf or levee, As the woolly-pates hoe in the sugar-field, the overseer views them from his saddle, The bugle calls in the ball-room, the gentlemen run for their partners, the dancers bow to each other, The youth lies awake in the cedar-roof'd garret and harks to the musical rain, The Wolverine sets traps on the creek that helps fill the Huron, The squaw wrapt in her yellow-hemm'd cloth is offering moccasins and bead-bags for sale, The connoisseur peers along the exhibition- gallery with half-shut eyes bent sideways,",
"As the deck-hands make fast the steamboat the plank is thrown for the shore- going passengers, The young sister holds out the skein while the elder sister winds it off in a ball, and stops now and then for the knots, The one-year wife is recovering and happy having a week ago borne her first child, The clean-hair'd Yankee girl works with her sewing-machine or in the factory or mill, The paving-man leans on his two-handed rammer, the reporter's lead flies swiftly over the note-book, the signpainter is lettering with blue and gold, The canal boy trots on the tow-path, the book-keeper counts at his desk, the shoemaker waxes his thread, The conductor beats time for the band and all the performers follow him, The child is baptized, the convert is making his first professions, The regatta is spread on the bay, the race is begun, (how the white sails sparkle!) The drover watching his drove sings out to them that would stray, The pedler sweats with his pack on his back, (the purchaser higgling about the odd cent;) The bride unrumples her white dress, the minute- hand of the clock moves slowly, The opium-eater reclines with rigid head and just-open'd lips, The prostitute draggles her shawl, her bonnet bobs on her tipsy and pimpled neck, The crowd laugh at her blackguard oaths, the men jeer and wink to each other, (Miserable! I do not laugh at your oaths nor jeer you;) The President holding a cabinet council is surrounded by the great Secretaries, On the piazza walk three matrons stately and friendly with twined arms, The crew of the fish-smack pack repeated layers of halibut in the hold, The Missourian crosses the plains toting his wares and his cattle,",
"As the fare-collector goes through the train he gives notice by the jingling of loose change, The floor-men are laying the floor, the tinners are tinning the roof, the masons are calling for mortar, In single file each shouldering his hod pass onward the laborers; Seasons pursuing each other the indescribable crowd is gather'd, it is the fourth of Seventh-month, (what salutes of cannon and small arms!) Seasons pursuing each other the plougher ploughs, the mower mows, and the winter-grain falls in the ground; Off on the lakes the pike-fisher watches and waits by the hole in the frozen surface, The stumps stand thick round the clearing, the squatter strikes deep with his axe, Flatboatmen make fast towards dusk near the cotton-wood or pecan-trees, Coon- seekers go through the regions of the Red river or through those drain'd by the Tennessee, or through those of the Arkansas, Torches shine in the dark that hangs on the Chattahooche or Altamahaw, Patriarchs sit at supper with sons and grandsons and great-grandsons around them, In walls of adobie, in canvas tents, rest hunters and trappers after their day's sport, The city sleeps and the country sleeps, The living sleep for their time, the dead sleep for their time, The old husband sleeps by his wife and the young husband sleeps by his wife; And these tend inward to me, and I tend outward to them, And such as it is to be of these more or less I am, And of these one and all I weave the song of myself.",
"I am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the wise, Regardless of others, ever regardful of others, Maternal as well as paternal, a child as well as a man, Stuff'd with the stuff that is coarse and stuff'd with the stuff that is fine,",
"One of the Nation of many nations, the smallest the same and the largest the same, A Southerner soon as a Northerner, a planter nonchalant and hospitable down by the Oconee I live, A Yankee bound my own way ready for trade, my joints the limberest joints on earth and the sternest joints on earth, A Kentuckian walking the vale of the Elkhorn in my deer-skin leggings, a Louisianian or Georgian, A boatman over lakes or bays or along coasts, a Hoosier, Badger, Buck-eye; At home on Kanadian snow-shoes or up in the bush, or with fishermen off Newfoundland, At home in the fleet of ice-boats, sailing with the rest and tacking, At home on the hills of Vermont or in the woods of Maine, or the Texan ranch, Comrade of Californians, comrade of free North- Westerners, (loving their big proportions,) Comrade of raftsmen and coalmen, comrade of all who shake hands and welcome to drink and meat, A learner with the simplest, a teacher of the thoughtfullest, A novice beginning yet experient of myriads of seasons, Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank and religion, A farmer, mechanic, artist, gentleman, sailor, quaker, Prisoner, fancy-man, rowdy, lawyer, physician, priest.",
"I resist any thing better than my own diversity, Breathe the air but leave plenty after me, And am not stuck up, and am in my place.",
"(The moth and the fish-eggs are in their place, The bright suns I see and the dark suns I cannot see are in their place, The palpable is in its place and the impalpable is in its place.)",
"These are really the thoughts of all men in all ages and lands, they are not original with me, If they are not yours as much as mine they are nothing, or next to nothing,",
"If they are not the riddle and the untying of the riddle they are nothing, If they are not just as close as they are distant they are nothing.",
"This is the grass that grows wherever the land is and the water is, This the common air that bathes the globe.",
"With music strong I come, with my cornets and my drums, I play not marches for accepted victors only, I play marches for conquer'd and slain persons.",
"Have you heard that it was good to gain the day? I also say it is good to fall, battles are lost in the same spirit in which they are won.",
"Vivas to those who have fail'd! And to those whose war-vessels sank in the sea! And to those themselves who sank in the sea! And to all generals that lost engagements, and all overcome heroes! And the numberless unknown heroes equal to the greatest heroes known!",
"This is the meal equally set, this the meat for natural hunger, It is for the wicked just the same as the righteous, I make appointments with all, I will not have a single person slighted or left away, The kept-woman, sponger, thief, are hereby invited, The heavy-lipp'd slave is invited, the venerealee is invited; There shall be no difference between them and the rest.",
"This the touch of my lips to yours, this the murmur of yearning, This the far- off depth and height reflecting my own face, This the thoughtful merge of myself, and the outlet again.",
"Do you guess I have some intricate purpose? Well I have, for the Fourth-month showers have, and the mica on the side of a rock has.",
"Do you take it I would astonish? Does the daylight astonish? does the early redstart twittering through the woods? Do I astonish more than they?",
"All I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost listening to me.",
"I do not snivel that snivel the world over, That months are vacuums and the ground but wallow and filth.",
"Whimpering and truckling fold with powders for invalids, conformity goes to the fourth-remov'd, I wear my hat as I please indoors or out.",
"Having pried through the strata, analyzed to a hair, counsel'd with doctors and calculated close, I find no sweeter fat than sticks to my own bones.",
"In all people I see myself, none more and not one a barley-corn less, And the good or bad I say of myself I say of them.",
"I know I am solid and sound, To me the converging objects of the universe perpetually flow, All are written to me, and I must get what the writing means.",
"I know I am deathless, I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by a carpenter's compass, I know I shall not pass like a child's carlacue cut with a burnt stick at night.",
"I know I am august, I do not trouble my spirit to vindicate itself or be understood, I see that the elementary laws never apologize, (I reckon I behave no prouder than the level I plant my house by, after all.)",
"I exist as I am, that is enough, If no other in the world be aware I sit content, And if each and all be aware I sit content.",
"One world is aware and by far the largest to me, and that is myself, And whether I come to my own to-day or in ten thousand or ten million years, I can cheerfully take it now, or with equal cheerfulness I can wait.",
"My foothold is tenon'd and mortis'd in granite, I laugh at what you call dissolution, And I know the amplitude of time.",
"I am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul, The pleasures of heaven are with me and the pains of hell are with me, The first I graft and increase upon myself, the latter I translate into a new tongue.",
"I am the poet of the woman the same as the man, And I say it is as great to be a woman as to be a man, And I say there is nothing greater than the mother of men.",
"I chant the chant of dilation or pride, We have had ducking and deprecating about enough, I show that size is only development.",
"Have you outstript the rest? are you the President? It is a trifle, they will more than arrive there every one, and still pass on.",
"I am he that walks with the tender and growing night, I call to the earth and sea half-held by the night.",
"Press close bare-bosom'd night — press close magnetic nourishing night! Night of south winds — night of the large few stars! Still nodding night — mad naked summer night.",
"Smile O voluptuous cool-breath'd earth! Earth of the slumbering and liquid trees! Earth of departed sunset — earth of the mountains misty-topt! Earth of the vitreous pour of the full moon just tinged with blue! Earth of shine and dark mottling the tide of the river! Earth of the limpid gray of clouds brighter and clearer for my sake! Far-swooping elbow'd earth — rich apple- blossom'd earth! Smile, for your lover comes.",
"You sea! I resign myself to you also — I guess what you mean, I behold from the beach your crooked inviting fingers, I believe you refuse to go back without feeling of me, We must have a turn together, I undress, hurry me out of sight of the land, Cushion me soft, rock me in billowy drowse, Dash me with amorous wet, I can repay you.",
"Sea of stretch'd ground-swells, Sea breathing broad and convulsive breaths, Sea of the brine of life and of unshovell'd yet always-ready graves, Howler and scooper of storms, capricious and dainty sea, I am integral with you, I too am of one phase and of all phases.",
"Partaker of influx and efflux, I, extoller of hate and conciliation, Extoller of amies and those that sleep in each others' arms.",
"I am he attesting sympathy, (Shall I make my list of things in the house and skip the house that supports them?)",
"What blurt is this about virtue and about vice? Evil propels me and reform of evil propels me, I stand indifferent, My gait is no fault-finder's or rejecter's gait, I moisten the roots of all that has grown.",
"Did you fear some scrofula out of the unflagging pregnancy? Did you guess the celestial laws are yet to be work'd over and rectified?",
"I find one side a balance and the antipodal side a balance, Soft doctrine as steady help as stable doctrine, Thoughts and deeds of the present our rouse and early start.",
"What behaved well in the past or behaves well to-day is not such a wonder, The wonder is always and always how there can be a mean man or an infidel.",
"A word of the faith that never balks, Here or henceforward it is all the same to me, I accept Time absolutely.",
"Hurrah for positive science! long live exact demonstration! Fetch stonecrop mixt with cedar and branches of lilac, This is the lexicographer, this the chemist, this made a grammar of the old cartouches, These mariners put the ship through dangerous unknown seas, This is the geologist, this works with the scalpel, and this is a mathematician.",
"Gentlemen, to you the first honors always! Your facts are useful, and yet they are not my dwelling, I but enter by them to an area of my dwelling.",
"Less the reminders of properties told my words, And more the reminders they of life untold, and of freedom and extrication, And make short account of neuters and geldings, and favor men and women fully equipt, And beat the gong of revolt, and stop with fugitives and them that plot and conspire.",
"I speak the pass-word primeval, I give the sign of democracy, By God! I will accept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms.",
"Through me many long dumb voices, Voices of the interminable generation of prisoners and slaves, Voices of the diseas'd and despairing and of thieves and dwarfs, Voices of cycles of preparation and accretion, And of the threads that connect the stars, and of wombs and of the father-stuff, And of the rights of them the others are down upon, Of the deform'd, trivial, flat, foolish, despised, Fog in the air, beetles rolling balls of dung.",
"Through me forbidden voices, Voices of sexes and lusts, voices veil'd and I remove the veil, Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur'd.",
"I do not press my fingers across my mouth, I keep as delicate around the bowels as around the head and heart, Copulation is no more rank to me than death is.",
"I believe in the flesh and the appetites, Seeing, hearing, feeling, are miracles, and each part and tag of me is a miracle.",
"Divine am I inside and out, and I make holy whatever I touch or am touch'd from, The scent of these arm-pits aroma finer than prayer, This head more than churches, bibles, and all the creeds.",
"If I worship one thing more than another it shall be the spread of my own body, or any part of it, Translucent mould of me it shall be you! Shaded ledges and rests it shall be you! Firm masculine colter it shall be you! Whatever goes to the tilth of me it shall be you! You my rich blood! your milky stream pale strippings of my life! Breast that presses against other breasts it shall be you! My brain it shall be your occult convolutions! Root of wash'd sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it shall be you! Mix'd tussled hay of head, beard, brawn, it shall be you! Trickling sap of maple, fibre of manly wheat, it shall be you! Sun so generous it shall be you! Vapors lighting and shading my face it shall be you! You sweaty brooks and dews it shall be you! Winds whose soft-tickling genitals rub against me it shall be you! Broad muscular fields, branches of live oak, loving lounger in my winding paths, it shall be you! Hands I have taken, face I have kiss'd, mortal I have ever touch'd, it shall be you.",
"I dote on myself, there is that lot of me and all so luscious, Each moment and whatever happens thrills me with joy, I cannot tell how my ankles bend, nor whence the cause of my faintest wish, Nor the cause of the friendship I emit, nor the cause of the friendship I take again.",
"That I walk up my stoop, I pause to consider if it really be, A morning-glory at my window satisfies me more than the metaphysics of books.",
"To behold the day-break! The little light fades the immense and diaphanous shadows, The air tastes good to my palate.",
"The earth by the sky staid with, the daily close of their junction, The heav'd challenge from the east that moment over my head, The mocking taunt, See then whether you shall be master!",
"Dazzling and tremendous how quick the sun-rise would kill me, If I could not now and always send sun-rise out of me.",
"We also ascend dazzling and tremendous as the sun, We found our own O my soul in the calm and cool of the day-break.",
"My voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach, With the twirl of my tongue I encompass worlds and volumes of worlds.",
"Speech is the twin of my vision, it is unequal to measure itself, It provokes me forever, it says sarcastically, Walt you contain enough, why don't you let it out then?",
"Come now I will not be tantalized, you conceive too much of articulation, Do you not know O speech how the buds beneath you are folded? Waiting in gloom, protected by frost, The dirt receding before my prophetical screams, I underlying causes to balance them at last,",
"My knowledge my live parts, it keeping tally with the meaning of all things, Happiness, (which whoever hears me let him or her set out in search of this day.)",
"My final merit I refuse you, I refuse putting from me what I really am, Encompass worlds, but never try to encompass me, I crowd your sleekest and best by simply looking toward you.",
"Writing and talk do not prove me, I carry the plenum of proof and every thing else in my face, With the hush of my lips I wholly confound the skeptic.",
"Now I will do nothing but listen, To accrue what I hear into this song, to let sounds contribute toward it.",
"I hear bravuras of birds, bustle of growing wheat, gossip of flames, clack of sticks cooking my meals. I hear the sound I love, the sound of the human voice, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused or following, Sounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night, Talkative young ones to those that like them, the loud laugh of work-people at their meals, The angry base of disjointed friendship, the faint tones of the sick, The judge with hands tight to the desk, his pallid lips pronouncing a death-sentence, The heave'e'yo of stevedores unlading ships by the wharves, the refrain of the anchor-lifters, The ring of alarm-bells, the cry of fire, the whirr of swift-streaking engines and hose-carts with premonitory tinkles and color'd lights, The steam-whistle, the solid roll of the train of approaching cars,",
"The slow march play'd at the head of the association marching two and two, (They go to guard some corpse, the flag-tops are draped with black muslin.)",
"I hear the violoncello, ('tis the young man's heart's complaint,) I hear the key'd cornet, it glides quickly in through my ears, It shakes mad-sweet pangs through my belly and breast.",
"A tenor large and fresh as the creation fills me, The orbic flex of his mouth is pouring and filling me full.",
"I hear the train'd soprano (what work with hers is this?) The orchestra whirls me wider than Uranus flies, It wrenches such ardors from me I did not know I possess'd them, It sails me, I dab with bare feet, they are lick'd by the indolent waves, I am cut by bitter and angry hail, I lose my breath, Steep'd amid honey'd morphine, my windpipe throttled in fakes of death, At length let up again to feel the puzzle of puzzles, And that we call Being.",
"To be in any form, what is that? (Round and round we go, all of us, and ever come back thither,) If nothing lay more develop'd the quahaug in its callous shell were enough.",
"Mine is no callous shell, I have instant conductors all over me whether I pass or stop, They seize every object and lead it harmlessly through me.",
"I merely stir, press, feel with my fingers, and am happy, To touch my person to some one else's is about as much as I can stand.",
"Is this then a touch? quivering me to a new identity, Flames and ether making a rush for my veins, Treacherous tip of me reaching and crowding to help them, My flesh and blood playing out lightning to strike what is hardly different from myself, On all sides prurient provokers stiffening my limbs, Straining the udder of my heart for its withheld drip, Behaving licentious toward me, taking no denial, Depriving me of my best as for a purpose, Unbuttoning my clothes, holding me by the bare waist, Deluding my confusion with the calm of the sunlight and pasture-fields, Immodestly sliding the fellow-senses away, They bribed to swap off with touch and go and graze at the edges of me, No consideration, no regard for my draining strength or my anger, Fetching the rest of the herd around to enjoy them a while, Then all uniting to stand on a headland and worry me.",
"The sentries desert every other part of me, They have left me helpless to a red marauder, They all come to the headland to witness and assist against me.",
"I am given up by traitors, I talk wildly, I have lost my wits, I and nobody else am the greatest traitor, I went myself first to the headland, my own hands carried me there.",
"You villain touch! what are you doing? my breath is tight in its throat, Unclench your floodgates, you are too much for me.",
"All truths wait in all things, They neither hasten their own delivery nor resist it, They do not need the obstetric forceps of the surgeon, The insignificant is as big to me as any, (What is less or more than a touch?)",
"A minute and a drop of me settle my brain, I believe the soggy clods shall become lovers and lamps, And a compend of compends is the meat of a man or woman, And a summit and flower there is the feeling they have for each other, And they are to branch boundlessly out of that lesson until it becomes omnific, And until one and all shall delight us, and we them.",
"I believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey-work of the stars, And the pismire is equally perfect, and a grain of sand, and the egg of the wren, And the tree-toad is a chef-d'oeuvre for the highest, And the running blackberry would adorn the parlors of heaven, And the narrowest hinge in my hand puts to scorn all machinery,",
"And the cow crunching with depress'd head surpasses any statue, And a mouse is miracle enough to stagger sextillions of infidels.",
"I find I incorporate gneiss, coal, long-threaded moss, fruits, grains, esculent roots, And am stucco'd with quadrupeds and birds all over, And have distanced what is behind me for good reasons, But call any thing back again when I desire it.",
"In vain the speeding or shyness, In vain the plutonic rocks send their old heat against my approach, In vain the mastodon retreats beneath its own powder'd bones, In vain objects stand leagues off and assume manifold shapes, In vain the ocean setting in hollows and the great monsters lying low, In vain the buzzard houses herself with the sky, In vain the snake slides through the creepers and logs, In vain the elk takes to the inner passes of the woods, In vain the razor-bill'd auk sails far north to Labrador, I follow quickly, I ascend to the nest in the fissure of the cliff.",
"I think I could turn and live with animals, they're so placid and self- contain'd, I stand and look at them long and long.",
"They do not sweat and whine about their condition, They do not lie awake in the dark and weep for their sins, They do not make me sick discussing their duty to God, Not one is dissatisfied, not one is demented with the mania of owning things, Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived thousands of years ago, Not one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth.",
"So they show their relations to me and I accept them, They bring me tokens of myself, they evince them plainly in their possession.",
"Myself moving forward then and now and forever, Gathering and showing more always and with velocity, Infinite and omnigenous, and the like of these among them, Not too exclusive toward the reachers of my remembrancers, Picking out here one that I love, and now go with him on brotherly terms.",
"A gigantic beauty of a stallion, fresh and responsive to my caresses, Head high in the forehead, wide between the ears, Limbs glossy and supple, tail dusting the ground, Eyes full of sparkling wickedness, ears finely cut, flexibly moving.",
"His nostrils dilate as my heels embrace him, His well-built limbs tremble with pleasure as we race around and return. I but use you a minute, then I resign you, stallion, Why do I need your paces when I myself out-gallop them? Even as I stand or sit passing faster than you.",
"Space and Time! now I see it is true, what I guess'd at, What I guess'd when I loaf'd on the grass, What I guess'd while I lay alone in my bed, And again as I walk'd the beach under the paling stars of the morning.",
"My ties and ballasts leave me, my elbows rest in sea-gaps, I skirt sierras, my palms cover continents, I am afoot with my vision.",
"By the city's quadrangular houses — in log huts, camping with lumbermen, Along the ruts of the turnpike, along the dry gulch and rivulet bed, Weeding my onion-patch or hoeing rows of carrots and parsnips, crossing savannas, trailing in forests, Prospecting, gold-digging, girdling the trees of a new purchase, Scorch'd ankle-deep by the hot sand, hauling my boat down the shallow river, Where the panther walks to and fro on a limb overhead, where the buck turns furiously at the hunter, Where the rattlesnake suns his flabby length on a rock, where the otter is feeding on fish, Where the alligator in his tough pimples sleeps by the bayou, Where the black bear is searching for roots or honey, where the beaver pats the mud with his paddle-shaped tail; Over the growing sugar, over the yellow-flower'd cotton plant, over the rice in its low moist field, Over the sharp-peak'd farm house, with its scallop'd scum and slender shoots from the gutters, Over the western persimmon, over the long-leav'd corn, over the delicate blue-flower flax, Over the white and brown buckwheat, a hummer and buzzer there with the rest, Over the dusky green of the rye as it ripples and shades in the breeze; Scaling mountains, pulling myself cautiously up, holding on by low scragged limbs, Walking the path worn in the grass and beat through the leaves of the brush, Where the quail is whistling betwixt the woods and the wheatlot, Where the bat flies in the Seventh-month eve, where the great gold-bug drops through the dark, Where the brook puts out of the roots of the old tree and flows to the meadow, Where cattle stand and shake away flies with the tremulous shuddering of their hides,",
"Where the cheese-cloth hangs in the kitchen, where andirons straddle the hearth-slab, where cobwebs fall in festoons from the rafters; Where trip- hammers crash, where the press is whirling its cylinders, Where the human heart beats with terrible throes under its ribs, Where the pear-shaped balloon is floating aloft, (floating in it myself and looking composedly down,) Where the life-car is drawn on the slip-noose, where the heat hatches pale-green eggs in the dented sand, Where the she-whale swims with her calf and never forsakes it, Where the steam-ship trails hind-ways its long pennant of smoke, Where the fin of the shark cuts like a black chip out of the water, Where the half-burn'd brig is riding on unknown currents, Where shells grow to her slimy deck, where the dead are corrupting below; Where the dense-starr'd flag is borne at the head of the regiments, Approaching Manhattan up by the long- stretching island, Under Niagara, the cataract falling like a veil over my countenance, Upon a door-step, upon the horse-block of hard wood outside, Upon the race-course, or enjoying picnics or jigs or a good game of base-ball, At he-festivals, with blackguard gibes, ironical license, bull-dances, drinking, laughter, At the cider-mill tasting the sweets of the brown mash, sucking the juice through a straw, At apple-peelings wanting kisses for all the red fruit I find, At musters, beach-parties, friendly bees, huskings, house-raisings; Where the mocking-bird sounds his delicious gurgles, cackles, screams, weeps, Where the hay-rick stands in the barn-yard, where the dry-stalks are scatter'd, where the brood-cow waits in the hovel,",
"Where the bull advances to do his masculine work, where the stud to the mare, where the cock is treading the hen, Where the heifers browse, where geese nip their food with short jerks, Where sun-down shadows lengthen over the limitless and lonesome prairie, Where herds of buffalo make a crawling spread of the square miles far and near, Where the humming-bird shimmers, where the neck of the long-lived swan is curving and winding, Where the laughing-gull scoots by the shore, where she laughs her near-human laugh, Where bee-hives range on a gray bench in the garden half hid by the high weeds, Where band- neck'd partridges roost in a ring on the ground with their heads out, Where burial coaches enter the arch'd gates of a cemetery, Where winter wolves bark amid wastes of snow and icicled trees, Where the yellow-crown'd heron comes to the edge of the marsh at night and feeds upon small crabs, Where the splash of swimmers and divers cools the warm noon, Where the katy-did works her chromatic reed on the walnut-tree over the wall, Through patches of citrons and cucumbers with silver-wired leaves, Through the salt-lick or orange glade, or under conical firs, Through the gymnasium, through the curtain'd saloon, through the office or public hall; Pleas'd with the native and pleas'd with the foreign, pleas'd with the new and old, Pleas'd with the homely woman as well as the handsome, Pleas'd with the quakeress as she puts off her bonnet and talks melodiously, Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the whitewash'd church, Pleas'd with the earnest words of the sweating Methodist preacher, impress'd seriously at the camp-meeting; Looking in at the shop-windows of Broadway the whole forenoon, flatting the flesh of my nose on the thick plate glass,",
"Wandering the same afternoon with my face turn'd up to the clouds, or down a lane or along the beach, My right and left arms round the sides of two friends, and I in the middle; Coming home with the silent and dark-cheek'd bush-boy, (behind me he rides at the drape of the day,) Far from the settlements studying the print of animals' feet, or the moccasin print, By the cot in the hospital reaching lemonade to a feverish patient, Nigh the coffin'd corpse when all is still, examining with a candle; Voyaging to every port to dicker and adventure, Hurrying with the modern crowd as eager and flickle as any, Hot toward one I hate, ready in my madness to knife him, Solitary at midnight in my back yard, my thoughts gone from me a long while, Walking the old hills of Judaea with the beautiful gentle God by my side, Speeding through space, speeding through heaven and the stars, Speeding amid the seven satellites and the broad ring, and the diameter of eighty thousand miles, Speeding with tail'd meteors, throwing fire-balls like the rest, Carrying the crescent child that carries its own full mother in its belly, Storming, enjoying, planning, loving, cautioning, Backing and filling, appearing and disappearing, I tread day and night such roads.",
"I visit the orchards of spheres and look at the product, And look at quintillions ripen'd and look at quintillions green.",
"I anchor my ship for a little while only, My messengers continually cruise away or bring their returns to me.",
"I go hunting polar furs and the seal, leaping chasms with a pike-pointed staff, clinging to topples of brittle and blue.",
"I ascend to the foretruck, I take my place late at night in the crow's-nest, We sail the arctic sea, it is plenty light enough, Through the clear atmosphere I stretch around on the wonderful beauty, The enormous masses of ice pass me and I pass them, the scenery is plain in all directions, The white-topt mountains show in the distance, I fling out my fancies toward them, We are approaching some great battle-field in which we are soon to be engaged, We pass the colossal outposts of the encampment, we pass with still feet and caution, Or we are entering by the suburbs some vast and ruin'd city, The blocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.",
"I am a free companion, I bivouac by invading watchfires, I turn the bridegroom out of bed and stay with the bride myself, I tighten her all night to my thighs and lips.",
"My voice is the wife's voice, the screech by the rail of the stairs, They fetch my man's body up dripping and drown'd.",
"I understand the large hearts of heroes, The courage of present times and all times, How the skipper saw the crowded and rudderless wreck of the steamship, and Death chasing it up and down the storm, How he knuckled tight and gave not back an inch, and was faithful of days and faithful of nights, And chalk'd in large letters on a board, Be of good cheer, we will not desert you;",
"How he follow'd with them and tack'd with them three days and would not give it up, How he saved the drifting company at last, How the lank loose-gown'd women look'd when boated from the side of their prepared graves, How the silent old-faced infants and the lifted sick, and the sharp-lipp'd unshaved men; All this I swallow, it tastes good, I like it well, it becomes mine, I am the man, I suffer'd, I was there.",
"The disdain and calmness of martyrs, The mother of old, condemn'd for a witch, burnt with dry wood, her children gazing on, The hounded slave that flags in the race, leans by the fence, blowing, cover'd with sweat, The twinges that sting like needles his legs and neck, the murderous buckshot and the bullets, All these I feel or am.",
"I am the hounded slave, I wince at the bite of the dogs, Hell and despair are upon me, crack and again crack the marksmen, I clutch the rails of the fence, my gore dribs, thinn'd with the ooze of my skin, I fall on the weeds and stones, The riders spur their unwilling horses, haul close, Taunt my dizzy ears and beat me violently over the head with whip-stocks.",
"Agonies are one of my changes of garments, I do not ask the wounded person how he feels, I myself become the wounded person, My hurts turn livid upon me as I lean on a cane and observe.",
"I am the mash'd fireman with breast-bone broken, Tumbling walls buried me in their debris, Heat and smoke I inspired, I heard the yelling shouts of my comrades, I heard the distant click of their picks and shovels, They have clear'd the beams away, they tenderly life me forth.",
"I lie in the night air in my red shirt, the pervading hush is for my sake, Painless after all I lie exhausted but not so unhappy, White and beautiful are the faces around me, the heads are bared of their fire-caps, The kneeling crowd fades with the light of the torches.",
"Distant and dead resuscitate, They show as the dial or move as the hands of me, I am the clock myself.",
"Again the long roll of the drummers, Again the attacking cannon, mortars, Again to my listeing ears the cannon responsive.",
"I take part, I see and hear the whole, The cries, curses, roar, the plaudits for well-aim'd shots, The ambulanza slowly passing trailing its red drip, Workmen searching after damages, making indispensable repairs, The fall of grenades through the rent roof, the fan-shaped explosion, The whizz of limbs, heads, stone, wood, iron, high in the air.",
"Again gurgles the mouth of my dying general, he furiously waves with his hand, He gasps through the clot Mind not me — mind — the entrenchments.",
"Now I tell what I knew in Texas in my early youth, (I tell not the fall of Alamo, Not one escaped to tell the fall of Alamo, The hundred and fifty are dumb yet at Alamo,) 'Tis the tale of the murder in cold blood of four hundred and twelve young men.",
"Retreating they had form'd in a hollow square with their baggage for breastworks, Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, nine times their number, was the price they took in advance, Their colonel was wounded and their ammunition gone, They treated for an honorable capitulation, receiv'd writing and seal, gave up their arms and march'd back prisoners of war.",
"They were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with horse, rifle, song, supper, courtship, Large, turbulent, generous, handsome, proud, and affectionate, Bearded, sunburnt, drest in the free costume of hunters, Not a single one over thirty years of age.",
"The second First-day morning they were brought out in squads and massacred, it was beautiful early summer, The work commenced about five o'clock and was over by eight.",
"None obey'd the command to kneel, Some made a mad and helpless rush, some stood stark and straight, A few fell at once, shot in the temple or heart, the living and dead lay together, The maim'd and mangled dug in the dirt, the new- comers saw them there, Some half-kill'd attempted to crawl away, These were despatch'd with bayonets or batter'd with the blunts of muskets. A youth not seventeen years old seiz'd his assassin till two more came to release him, The three were all torn and cover'd with the boy's blood.",
"At eleven o'clock began the burning of the bodies; That is the tale of the murder of the four hundred and twelve young men.",
"Would you hear of an old-time sea-fight? Would you learn who won by the light of the moon and stars? List to the yarn, as my grandmother's father the sailor told it to me.",
"Our foe was no skulk in his ship I tell you, (said he,) His was the surly English pluck, and there is no tougher or truer, and never was, and never will be; Along the lower'd eve he came horribly raking us.",
"We had receiv'd some eighteen pound shots under the water, On our lower-gun- deck two large pieces had burst at the first fire, killing all around and blowing up overhead.",
"Fighting at sun-down, fighting at dark, Ten o'clock at night, the full moon well up, our leaks on the gain, and five feet of water reported, The master- at-arms loosing the prisoners confined in the after-hold to give them a chance for themselves.",
"The transit to and from the magazine is now stopt by the sentinels, They see so many strange faces they do not know whom to trust.",
"Our frigate takes fire, The other asks if we demand quarter? If our colors are struck and the fighting done?",
"Now I laugh content, for I hear the voice of my little captain, We have not struck, he composedly cries, we have just begun our part of the fighting.",
"Only three guns are in use, One is directed by the captain himself against the enemy's main-mast, Two well serv'd with grape and canister silence his musketry and clear his decks.",
"The tops alone second the fire of this little battery, especially the main- top, They hold out bravely during the whole of the action.",
"Serene stands the little captain, He is not hurried, his voice is neither high nor low, His eyes give more light to us than our battle-lanterns.",
"Stretch'd and still lies the midnight, Two great hulls motionless on the breast of the darkness, Our vessel riddled and slowly sinking, preparations to pass to the one we have conquer'd, The captain on the quarter-deck coldly giving his orders through a countenance white as a sheet, Near by the corpse of the child that serv'd in the cabin, The dead face of an old salt with long white hair and carefully curl'd whiskers, The flames spite of all that can be done flickering aloft and below, The husky voices of the two or three officers yet fit for duty, Formless stacks of bodies and bodies by themselves, dabs of flesh upon the masts and spars, Cut of cordage, dangle of rigging, slight shock of the soothe of waves, Black and impassive guns, litter of powder- parcels, strong scent, A few large stars overhead, silent and mournful shining, Delicate sniffs of sea-breeze, smells of sedgy grass and fields by the shore, death-messages given in charge to survivors,",
"The hiss of the surgeon's knife, the gnawing teeth of his saw, Wheeze, cluck, swash of falling blood, short wild scream, and long, dull, tapering groan, These so, these irretrievable.",
"You laggards there on guard! look to your arms! In at the conquer'd doors they crowd! I am possess'd! Embody all presences outlaw'd or suffering, See myself in prison shaped like another man, And feel the dull unintermitted pain, For me the keepers of convicts shoulder their carbines and keep watch, It is I let out in the morning and barr'd at night.",
"Not a mutineer walks handcuff'd to jail but I am handcuff'd to him and walk by his side, (I am less the jolly one there, and more the silent one with sweat on my twitching lips.)",
"Not a cholera patient lies at the last gasp but I also lie at the last gasp, My face is ash-color'd, my sinews gnarl, away from me people retreat.",
"Enough! enough! enough! Somehow I have been stunn'd. Stand back! Give me a little time beyond my cuff'd head, slumbers, dreams, gaping, I discover myself on the verse of a usual mistake.",
"That I could forget the mockers and insults! That I could forget the trickling tears and the blows of the bludgeons and hammers! That I could look with a separate look on my own crucifixion and bloody crowning!",
"I remember now, I resume the overstaid fraction, The grave of rock multiplies what has been confided to it, or to any graves, Corpses rise, gashes heal, fastenings roll from me.",
"I troop forth replenish'd with supreme power, one of an average unending procession, Inland and sea-coast we go, and pass all boundary lines, Our swift ordinances on their way over the whole earth, The blossoms we wear in our hats the growth of thousands of years.",
"Is he some Southwesterner rais'd out-doors? is he Kanadian? Is he from the Mississippi country? Iowa, Oregon, California? The mountains? prairie-life, bush-life? or sailor from the sea?",
"Wherever he goes men and women accept and desire him, They desire he should like them, touch them, speak to them, stay with them.",
"Behavior lawless as snow-flakes, words simple as grass, uncomb'd head, laughter, and naivet�, Slow-stepping feet, common features, common modes and emanations, They descend in new forms from the tips of his fingers,",
"They are wafted with the odor of his body or breath, they fly out of the glance of his eyes.",
"Flaunt of the sunshine I need not your bask — lie over! You light surfaces only, I force surfaces and depths also.",
"Man or woman, I might tell how I like you, but cannot, And might tell what it is in me and what it is in you, but cannot, And might tell that pining I have, that pulse of my nights and days.",
"You there, impotent, loose in the knees, Open your scarf'd chops till I blow grit within you, Spread your palms and life the flaps of your pockets, I am not to be denied, I compel, I have stores plenty and to spare, And any thing I have I bestow.",
"I do not ask who you are, that is not important to me, You can do nothing and be nothing but what I will infold you.",
"To cotton-field drudge or cleaner of privies I lean, On his right cheek I put the family kiss, And in my soul I swear I never will deny him.",
"On women fit for conception I start bigger and nimbler babes, (This day I am jetting the stuff of far more arrogant republics.)",
"I seize the descending man and raise him with resistless will, O despairer, here is my neck, By God, you shall not go down! hang your whole weight upon me.",
"I dilate you with tremendous breath, I buoy you up, Every room of the house do I fill with an arm'd force, Lovers of me, bafflers of graves.",
"Sleep — I and they keep guard all night, Not doubt, not disease shall dare to lay finger upon you, I have embraced you, and henceforth possess you to myself, And when you rise in the morning you will find what I tell you is so.",
"I am he bringing help for the sick as they pant on their backs, And for strong upright men I bring yet more needed help.",
"I heard what was said of the universe, Heard it and heard it of several thousand years; It is middling well as far as it goes — but is that all?",
"Magnifying and applying come I, Outbidding at the start the old cautious hucksters, Taking myself the exact dimensions of Jehovah, Lithographing Kronos, Zeus his son, and Hercules his grandson, Buying drafts of Osiris, Isis, Belus, Brahma, Buddha, In my portfolio placing Manito loose, Allah on a leaf, the crucifix engraved, With Odin and the hideous-faced Mexitli and every idol and image, Taking them all for what they are worth and not a cent more, Admitting they were alive and did the work of their days, (They bore mites as for unfledg'd birds who have now to rise and fly and sing for themselves,)",
"Accepting the rough deific sketches to fill out better in myself, bestowing them freely on each man and woman I see, Discovering as much or more in a framer framing a house, Putting higher claims for him there with his roll'd-up sleeves driving the mallet and chisel, Not objecting to special revelations, considering a curl of smoke or a hair on the back of my hand just as curious as any revelation, Lads ahold of fire-engines and hook-and-ladder ropes no less to me than the gods of the antique wars, Minding their voices peal through the crash of destruction, Their brawny limbs passing safe over charr'd laths, their white foreheads whole and unhurt out of the flames; By the mechanic's wife with her babe at her nipple interceding for every person born, Three scythes at harvest whizzing in a row from three lusty angels with shirts bagg'd out at their waists, The snag-tooth'd hostler with red hair redeeming sins past and to come, Selling all he possesses, traveling on foot to fee lawyers for his brother and sit by him while he is tried for forgery; What was strewn in the amplest strewing the square rod about me, and not filling the square rod then, The bull and the bug never worshipp'd half enough, Dung and dirt more admirable than was dream'd, The supernatural of no account, myself waiting my time to be one of the supremes, The day getting ready for me when I shall do as much good as the best, and be as prodigious; By my life-lumps! becoming already a creator, Putting myself here and now to the ambush'd womb of the shadows.",
"My head slues round on my neck, Music rolls, but not from the organ, Folks are around me, but they are no household of mine.",
"Ever the hard unsunk ground, Ever the eaters and drinkers, ever the upward and downward sun, ever the air and the ceaseless tides, Ever myself and my neighbors, refreshing, wicked, real, Ever the old inexplicable query, ever that thorn'd thumb, that breath of itches and thirsts, Ever the vexer's hoot! hoot! till we find where the sly one hides and bring him forth, Ever love, ever the sobbing liquid of life, Ever the bandage under the chin, ever the trestles of death.",
"Here and there with dimes on the eyes walking, To feed the greed of the belly the brains liberally spooning, Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the feast never once going, Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the chaff for payment receiving, A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually claiming.",
"This is the city and I am one of the citizens, Whatever interests the rest interests me, politics, wars, markets, newspapers, schools, The mayor and councils, banks, tariffs, steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate and personal estate.",
"The little plentiful manikins skipping around in collars and tail'd coats, I am aware who they are, (they are positively not worms or fleas,) I acknowledge the duplicates of myself, the weakest and shallowest is deathless with me,",
"What I do and say the same waits for them, Every thought that flounders in me the same flounders in them.",
"I know perfectly well my own egotism, Know my omnivorous lines and must not write any less, And would fetch you whoever you are flush with myself.",
"Not words of routine this song of mine, But abruptly to question, to leap beyond yet nearer bring; This printed and bound book — but the printer and the printing-office boy? The well-taken photographs — but your wife or friend close and solid in your arms? The black ship mail'd with iron, her mighty guns in her turrets — but the pluck of the captain and engineers? In the houses the dishes and fare and furniture — but the host and hostess, and the look out of their eyes? The sky up there — yet here or next door, or across the way? The saints and sages in history — but you yourself? Sermons, creeds, theology — but the fathomless human brain, And what is reason? and what is love? and what is life?",
"I do not despise you priests, all time, the world over, My faith is the greatest of faiths and the least of faiths, Enclosing worship ancient and modern and all between ancient and modern, Believing I shall come again upon the earth after five thousand years, Waiting responses from oracles, honoring the gods, saluting the sun, Making a fetich of the first rock or stump, powowing with sticks in the circle of obis, Helping the llama or brahmin as he trims the lamps of the idols, Dancing yet through the streets in a phallic procession, rapt and austere in the woods a gymnosophist, Drinking mead from the skull-cup, to Shastas and Vedas admirant, minding the Koran,",
"Walking the teokallis, spotted with gore from the stone and knife, beating the serpent-skin drum, Accepting the Gospels, accepting him that was crucified, knowing assuredly that he is divine, To the mass kneeling or the puritan's prayer rising, or sitting patiently in a pew, Ranting and frothing in my insane crisis, or waiting dead-like till my spirit arouses me, Looking forth on pavement and land, or outside of pavement and land, Belonging to the winders of the circuit of circuits.",
"Down-hearted doubters dull and excluded, Frivolous, sullen, moping, angry, affected, dishearten'd, atheistical, I know every one of you, I know the sea of torment, doubt, despair and unbelief.",
"Be at peace bloody flukes of doubters and sullen mopers, I take my place among you as much as among any, The past is the push of you, me, all, precisely the same, And what is yet untried and afterward is for you, me, all precisely the same.",
"I do not know what is untried and afterward, But I know it will in its turn prove sufficient, and cannot fail.",
"It cannot fail the young man who died and was buried, Nor the young woman who died and was put by his side, Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door, and then drew back and was never seen again,",
"Nor the old man who has lived without purpose, and feels it with bitterness worse than gall, Nor him in the poor house tubercled by rum and the bad disorder, Nor the numberless slaughter'd and wreck'd, nor the brutish koboo call'd the ordure of humanity, Nor the sacs merely floating with open mouths for food to slip in, Nor any thing in the earth, or down in the oldest graves of the earth, Nor any thing in the myriads of spheres, nor the myriads of myriads that inhabit them, Nor the present, nor the least wisp that is known.",
"I do not call one greater and one smaller, That which fills its period and place is equal to any.",
"Were mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister? I am sorry for you, they are not murderous or jealous upon me, All has been gentle with me, I keep no account with lamentation, (What have I to do with lamentation?)",
"My feet strike an apex of the apices of the stairs, On every step bunches of ages, and larger bunches between the steps, All below duly travel'd, and still I mount and mount.",
"Rise after rise bow the phantoms behind me, Afar down I see the huge first Nothing, I know I was even there, I waited unseen and always, and slept through the lethargic mist, And took my time, and took no hurt from the fetid carbon.",
"Cycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like cheerful boatmen, For room to me stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after what was to hold me.",
"Before I was born out of my mother generations guided me, My embryo has never been torpid, nothing could overlay it.",
"For it the nebula cohered to an orb, The long slow strata piled to rest it on, Vast vegetables gave it sustenance, Monstrous sauroids transported it in their mouths and deposited it with care.",
"All forces have been steadily employ'd to complete and delight me, Now on this spot I stand with my robust soul.",
"My lovers suffocate me, Crowding my lips, thick in the pores of my skin, Jostling me through streets and public halls, coming naked to me at night, Crying by day Ahoy! from the rocks of the river, swinging and chirping over my head, Calling my name from flower-beds, vines, tangled underbrush, Lighting on every moment of my life, Bussing my body with soft balsamic busses, Noiselessly passing handfuls out of their hearts and giving them to be mine.",
"Every condition promulges not only itself, it promulges what grows after and out of itself, And the dark hush promulges as much as any.",
"I open my scuttle at night and see the far-sprinkled systems, And all I see multiplied as high as I can cipher edge but the rim of the farther systems.",
"My sun has his sun and round him obediently wheels, He joins with his partners a group of superior circuit, And greater sets follow, making specks of the greatest inside them.",
"There is no stoppage and never can be stoppage, If I, you, and the worlds, and all beneath or upon their surfaces, were this moment reduced back to a pallid float, it would not avail in the long run, We should surely bring up again where we now stand, And surely go as much farther, and then farther and farther.",
"A few quadrillions of eras, a few octillions of cubic leagues, do not hazard the span or make it impatient, They are but parts, any thing is but a part.",
"See ever so far, there is limitless space outside of that, Count ever so much, there is limitless time around that.",
"My rendezvous is appointed, it is certain, The Lord will be there and wait till I come on perfect terms, The great Camerado, the lover true for whom I pine will be there.",
"I tramp a perpetual journey, (come listen all!) My signs are a rain-proof coat, good shoes, and a staff cut from the woods, No friend of mine takes his ease in my chair, I have no chair, no church, no philosophy, I lead no man to a dinner-table, library, exchange, But each man and each woman of you I lead upon a knoll, My left hand hooking you round the waist, My right hand pointing to landscapes of continents and the public road.",
"It is not far, it is within reach, Perhaps you have been on it since you were born and did not know, Perhaps it is everywhere on water and on land.",
"Shoulder your duds dear son, and I will mine, and let us hasten forth, Wonderful cities and free nations we shall fetch as we go.",
"If you tire, give me both burdens, and rest the chuff of your hand on my hip, And in due time you shall repay the same service to me, For after we start we never lie by again.",
"This day before dawn I ascended a hill and look'd at the crowded heaven, And I said to my spirit When we become the enfolders of those orbs, and the pleasure and knowledge of every thing in them, shall we be fill'd and satisfied then? And my spirit said No, we but level that lift to pass and continue beyond.",
"You are also asking me questions and I hear you, I answer that I cannot answer, you must find out for yourself.",
"Sit a while dear son, Here are biscuits to eat and here is milk to drink, But as soon as you sleep and renew yourself in sweet clothes, I kiss you with a good-by kiss and open the gate for your egress hence.",
"Long enough have you dream'd contemptible dreams, Now I wash the gum from your eyes, You must habit yourself to the dazzle of the light and of every moment of your life.",
"Long have you timidly waded holding a plank by the shore, Now I will you to be a bold swimmer, To jump off in the midst of the sea, rise again, nod to me, shout, and laughingly dash with your hair.",
"I am the teacher of athletes, He that by me spreads a wider breast than my own proves the width of my own, He most honors my style who learns under it to destroy the teacher.",
"The boy I love, the same becomes a man not through derived power, but in his own right, Wicked rather than virtuous out of conformity or fear, Fond of his sweetheart, relishing well his steak, Unrequited love or a slight cutting him worse than sharp steel cuts,",
"First-rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bull's eye, to sail a skiff, to sing a song or play on the banjo, Preferring scars and the beard and faces pitted with small-pox over all latherers, And those well-tann'd to those that keep out of the sun.",
"I teach straying from me, yet who can stray from me? I follow you whoever you are from the present hour, My words itch at your ears till you understand them.",
"I do not say these things for a dollar or to fill up the time while I wait for a boat, (It is you talking just as much as myself, I act as the tongue of you, Tied in your mouth, in mine it begins to be loosen'd.)",
"I swear I will never again mention love or death inside a house, And I swear I will never translate myself at all, only to him or her who privately stays with me in the open air.",
"If you would understand me go to the heights or water-shore, The nearest gnat is an explanation, and a drop or motion of waves a key, The maul, the oar, the hand-saw, second my words.",
"The young mechanic is closest to me, he knows me well, The woodman that takes his axe and jug with him shall take me with him all day, The farm-boy ploughing in the field feels good at the sound of my voice, In vessels that sail my words sail, I go with fishermen and seamen and love them.",
"The soldier camp'd or upon the march is mine, On the night ere the pending battle many seek me, and I do not fail them,",
"My face rubs to the hunter's face when he lies down alone in his blanket, The driver thinking of me does not mind the jolt of his wagon, The young mother and old mother comprehend me, The girl and the wife rest the needle a moment and forget where they are, They and all would resume what I have told them.",
"I have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the body is not more than the soul, And nothing, not God, is greater to one than one's self is, And whoever walks a furlong without sympathy walks to his own funeral drest in his shroud, And I or you pocketless of a dime may purchase the pick of the earth, And to glance with an eye or show a bean in its pod confounds the learning of all times, And there is no trade or employment but the young man following it may become a hero, And there is no object so soft but it makes a hub for the wheel'd universe, And I say to any man or woman, Let your soul stand cool and composed before a million universes.",
"And I say to mankind, Be not curious about God, For I who am curious about each am not curious about God, (No array of terms can say how much I am at peace about God and about death.)",
"I hear and behold God in every object, yet understand God not in the least, Nor do I understand who there can be more wonderful than myself.",
"Why should I wish to see God better than this day? I see something of God each hour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I see God, and in my own face in the glass, I find letters from God dropt in the street, and every one is sign'd by God's name, And I leave them where they are, for I know that wheresoe'er I go, Others will punctually come for ever and ever.",
"To his work without flinching the accoucheur comes, I see the elder-hand pressing receiving supporting, I recline by the sills of the exquisite flexible doors, And mark the outlet, and mark the relief and escape.",
"And as to you Corpse I think you are good manure, but that does not offend me, I smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips, I reach to the polish'd breasts of melons.",
"And as to you Life I reckon you are the leavings of many deaths, (No doubt I have died myself ten thousand times before.)",
"I hear you whispering there O stars of heaven, O suns — O grass of graves — O perpetual transfers and promotions, If you do not say any thing how can I say any thing?",
"Of the turbid pool that lies in the autumn forest, Of the moon that descends the steeps of the soughing twilight, Toss, sparkles of day and dusk — toss on the black stems that decay in the muck, Toss to the moaning gibberish of the dry limbs.",
"I ascend from the moon, I ascend from the night, I perceive that the ghastly glimmer is noonday sunbeams reflected, And debouch to the steady and central from the offspring great or small.",
"There is that in me — I do not know what it is — but I know it is in me.",
"I do not know it — it is without name — it is a word unsaid, It is not in any dictionary, utterance, symbol.",
"Something it swings on more than the earth I swing on, To it the creation is the friend whose embracing awakes me.",
"Do you see O my brothers and sisters? It is not chaos or death — it is form, union, plan — it is eternal life — it is Happiness.",
"The past and present wilt — I have fill'd them, emptied them, And proceed to fill my next fold of the future.",
"Listener up there! what have you to confide to me? Look in my face while I snuff the sidle of evening, (Talk honestly, no one else hears you, and I stay only a minute longer.)",
"Who has done his day's work? who will soonest be through with his supper? Who wishes to walk with me?",
"I too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable, I sound my barbaric yawp over the roofs of the world.",
"The last scud of day holds back for me, It flings my likeness after the rest and true as any on the shadow'd wilds, It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk.",
"I depart as air, I shake my white locks at the runaway sun, I effuse my flesh in eddies, and drift it in lacy jags.",
"I bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love, If you want me again look for me under your boot-soles.",
"You will hardly know who I am or what I mean, But I shall be good health to you nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood.",
"Failing to fetch me at first keep encouraged, Missing me one place search another, I stop somewhere waiting for you."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Whitman's \"Song of Myself\"\n\n# Whitman's \"Song of Myself\"\n\n1\n\nI CELEBRATE myself, and sing myself, And what I assume you shall assume, For\nevery atom belonging to me as good belongs to you.\n\nI loafe and invite my soul, I lean and loafe at my ease observing a spear of\nsummer grass.\n\nMy tongue, every atom of my blood, form'd from this soil, this air, Born here\nof parents born here from parents the same, and their parents the same, I, now\nthirty-seven years old in perfect health begin, Hoping to cease not till\ndeath.\n\nCreeds and schools in abeyance, Retiring back a while sufficed at what they\nare, but never forgotten, I harbor for good or bad, I permit to speak at every\nhazard, Nature without check with original energy.\n\n2\n\nHouses and rooms are full of perfumes, the shelves are crowded with perfumes,\nI breathe the fragrance myself and know it and like it, The distillation would\nintoxicate me also, but I shall not let it.\n\nThe atmosphere is not a perfume, it has no taste of the distillation, it is\nodorless, It is for my mouth forever, I am in love with it, I will go to the\nbank by the wood and become undisguised and naked, I am mad for it to be in\ncontact with me.\n\nThe smoke of my own breath, Echoes, ripples, buzz'd whispers, love-root, silk-\nthread, crotch and vine, My respiration and inspiration, the beating of my\nheart, the passing of blood and air through my lungs, The sniff of green\nleaves and dry leaves, and of the shore and dark-color'd sea-rocks, and of hay\nin the barn, The sound of the belch'd words of my voice loos'd to the eddies\nof the wind, A few light kisses, a few embraces, a reaching around of arms,\nThe play of shine and shade on the trees as the supple boughs wag, The delight\nalone or in the rush of the streets, or along the fields and hill-sides, The\nfeeling of health, the full-noon trill, the song of me rising from bed and\nmeeting the sun.\n\nHave you reckon'd a thousand acres much? have you reckon'd the earth much?\nHave you practis'd so long to learn to read? Have you felt so proud to get at\nthe meaning of poems?\n\nStop this day and night with me and you shall possess the origin of all poems,\nYou shall possess the good of the earth and sun, (there are millions of suns\nleft,) You shall no longer take things at second or third hand, nor look\nthrough the eyes of the dead, nor feed on the spectres in books, You shall not\nlook through my eyes either, nor take things from me, You shall listen to all\nsides and filter them from your self.\n\n3\n\nI have heard what the talkers were talking, the talk of the beginning and the\nend, But I do not talk of the beginning or the end.\n\nThere was never any more inception than there is now, Nor any more youth or\nage than there is now, And will never be any more perfection than there is\nnow, Nor any more heaven or hell than there is now.\n\nUrge and urge and urge, Always the procreant urge of the world. Out of the\ndimness opposite equals advance, always substance and increase, always sex,\nAlways a knit of identity, always distinction, always a breed of life.\n\nTo elaborate is no avail, learn'd and unlearn'd feel that it is so.\n\nSure as the most certain sure, plumb in the uprights, well entretied, braced\nin the beams, Stout as a horse, affectionate, haughty, electrical, I and this\nmystery here we stand.\n\nClear and sweet is my soul, and clear and sweet is all that is not my soul.\n\nLack one lacks both, and the unseen is proved by the seen, Till that becomes\nunseen and receives proof in its turn.\n\nShowing the best and dividing it from the worst age vexes age, Knowing the\nperfect fitness and equanimity of things, while they discuss I am silent, and\ngo bathe and admire myself.\n\nWelcome is every organ and attribute of me, and of any man hearty and clean,\nNot an inch nor a particle of an inch is vile, and none shall be less familiar\nthan the rest.\n\nI am satisfied — I see, dance, laugh, sing; As the hugging and loving bed-\nfellow sleeps at my side through the night, and withdraws at the peep of the\nday with stealthy tread, Leaving me baskets cover'd with white towels swelling\nthe house with their plenty, Shall I postpone my acceptation and realization\nand scream at my eyes, That they turn from gazing after and down the road, And\nforthwith cipher and show me to a cent, Exactly the value of one and exactly\nthe value of two, and which is ahead?\n\n4\n\nTrippers and askers surround me, People I meet, the effect upon me of my early\nlife or the ward and city I live in, or the nation, The latest dates,\ndiscoveries, inventions, societies, authors old and new, My dinner, dress,\nassociates, looks, compliments, dues, The real or fancied indifference of some\nman or woman I love, The sickness of one of my folks or of myself, or ill-\ndoing or loss or lack of money, or depressions or exaltations, Battles, the\nhorrors of fratricidal war, the fever of doubtful news, the fitful events;\nThese come to me days and nights and go from me again, But they are not the Me\nmyself. Apart from the pulling and hauling stands what I am, Stands amused,\ncomplacent, compassionating, idle, unitary, Looks down, is erect, or bends an\narm on an impalpable certain rest, Looking with side-curved head curious what\nwill come next, Both in and out of the game and watching and wondering at it.\n\nBackward I see in my own days where I sweated through fog with linguists and\ncontenders, I have no mockings or arguments, I witness and wait.\n\n5\n\nI believe in you my soul, the other I am must not abase itself to you, And you\nmust not be abased to the other.\n\nLoafe with me on the grass, loose the stop from your throat, Not words, not\nmusic or rhyme I want, not custom or lecture, not even the best, Only the lull\nI like, the hum of your valved voice.\n\nI mind how once we lay such a transparent summer morning, How you settled your\nhead athwart my hips and gently turn'd over upon me, And parted the shirt from\nmy bosom-bone, and plunged your tongue to my bare-stript heart, And reach'd\ntill you felt my beard, and reach'd till you held my feet.\n\nSwiftly arose and spread around me the peace and knowledge that pass all the\nargument of the earth, And I know that the hand of God is the promise of my\nown, And I know that the spirit of God is the brother of my own, And that all\nthe men ever born are also my brothers, and the women my sisters and lovers,\n\nAnd that a kelson of the creation is love, And limitless are leaves stiff or\ndrooping in the fields, And brown ants in the little wells beneath them, And\nmossy scabs of the worm fence, heap'd stones, elder, mullein and poke-weed.\n\n6\n\nA child said What is the grass? fetching it to me with full hands, How could I\nanswer the child? I do not know what it is any more than he.\n\nI guess it must be the flag of my disposition, out of hopeful green stuff\nwoven.\n\nOr I guess it is the handkerchief of the Lord, A scented gift and remembrancer\ndesignedly dropt, Bearing the owner's name someway in the corners, that we may\nsee and remark, and say Whose?\n\nOr I guess the grass is itself a child, the produced babe of the vegetation.\n\nOr I guess it is a uniform hieroglyphic, And it means, Sprouting alike in\nbroad zones and narrow zones, Growing among black folks as among white,\nKanuck, Tuckahoe, Congressman, Cuff, I give them the same, I receive them the\nsame.\n\nAnd now it seems to me the beautiful uncut hair of graves.\n\nTenderly will I use you curling grass, It may be you transpire from the\nbreasts of young men, It may be if I had known them I would have loved them,\nIt may be you are from old people, or from offspring taken soon out of their\nmothers' laps, And here you are the mothers' laps.\n\nThis grass is very dark to be from the white heads of old mothers, Darker than\nthe colourless beards of old men, Dark to come from under the faint red roofs\nof mouths.\n\nO I perceive after all so many uttering tongues, And I perceive they do not\ncome from the roofs of mouths for nothing.\n\nI wish I could translate the hints about the dead young men and women, And the\nhints about old men and mothers, and the offspring taken soon out of their\nlaps.\n\nWhat do you think has become of the young and old men? And what do you think\nhas become of the women and children?\n\nThey are alive and well somewhere, The smallest sprout shows there is really\nno death, And if ever there was it led forward life, and does not wait at the\nend to arrest it, And ceas'd the moment life appear'd.\n\nAll goes onward and outward, nothing collapses, And to die is different from\nwhat any one supposed, and luckier.\n\n7\n\nHas any one supposed it lucky to be born? I hasten to inform him or her it is\njust as lucky to die, and I know it.\n\nI pass death with the dying and birth with the new-wash'd babe, and am not\ncontain'd between my hat and boots, And peruse manifold objects, no two alike\nand every one good, The earth good and the stars good, and their adjuncts all\ngood.\n\nI am not an earth nor an adjunct of an earth, I am the mate and companion of\npeople, all just as immortal and fathomless as myself, (They do not know how\nimmortal, but I know.)\n\nEvery kind for itself and its own, for me mine male and female, For me those\nthat have been boys and that love women, For me the man that is proud and\nfeels how it stings to be slighted,\n\nFor me the sweet-heart and the old maid, for me mothers and the mothers of\nmothers, For me lips that have smiled, eyes that have shed tears, For me\nchildren and the begetters of children.\n\nUndrape! you are not guilty to me, nor stale nor discarded, I see through the\nbroadcloth and gingham whether or no, And am around, tenacious, acquisitive,\ntireless, and cannot be shaken away.\n\n8\n\nThe little one sleeps in its cradle, I lift the gauze and look a long time,\nand silently brush away flies with my hand.\n\nThe youngster and the red-faced girl turn aside up the bushy hill, I peeringly\nview them from the top.\n\nThe suicide sprawls on the bloody floor of the bedroom, I witness the corpse\nwith its dabbled hair, I note where the pistol has fallen.\n\nThe blab of the pave, tires of carts, sluff of boot-soles, talk of the\npromenaders, The heavy omnibus, the driver with his interrogating thumb, the\nclank of the shod horses on the granite floor, The snow-sleighs, clinking,\nshouted jokes, pelts of snow-balls, The hurrahs for popular favorites, the\nfury of rous'd mobs, The flap of the curtain'd litter, a sick man inside borne\nto the hospital, The meeting of enemies, the sudden oath, the blows and fall,\nThe excited crowd, the policeman with his star quickly working his passage to\nthe centre of the crowd, The impassive stones that receive and return so many\nechoes, What groans of over-fed or half-starv'd who fall sunstruck or in fits,\nWhat exclamations of women taken suddenly who hurry home and give birth to\nbabes,\n\nWhat living and buried speech is always vibrating here, what howls restrain'd\nby decorum, Arrests of criminals, slights, adulterous offers made,\nacceptances, rejections with convex lips, I mind them or the show or resonance\nof them — I come and I depart.\n\n9\n\nThe big doors of the country barn stand open and ready, The dried grass of the\nharvest-time loads the slow-drawn wagon, The clear light plays on the brown\ngray and green intertinged, The armfuls are pack'd to the sagging mow.\n\nI am there, I help, I came stretch'd atop of the load, I felt its soft jolts,\none leg reclined on the other, I jump from the cross-beams and seize the\nclover and timothy, And roll head over heels and tangle my hair full of wisps.\n\n10\n\nAlone far in the wilds and mountains I hunt, Wandering amazed at my own\nlightness and glee, In the late afternoon choosing a safe spot to pass the\nnight, Kindling a fire and broiling the fresh-kill'd game, Falling asleep on\nthe gather'd leaves with my dog and gun by my side.\n\nThe Yankee clipper is under her sky-sails, she cuts the sparkle and scud, My\neyes settle the land, I bend at her prow or shout joyously from the deck.\n\nThe boatmen and clam-diggers arose early and stopt for me, I tuck'd my\ntrowser-ends in my boots and went and had a good time; You should have been\nwith us that day round the chowder-kettle.\n\nI saw the marriage of the trapper in the open air in the far west, the bride\nwas a red girl, Her father and his friends sat near cross-legged and dumbly\nsmoking, they had moccasins to their feet and large thick blankets hanging\nfrom their shoulders, On a bank lounged the trapper, he was drest mostly in\nskins, his luxuriant beard and curls protected his neck, he held his bride by\nthe hand, She had long eyelashes, her head was bare, her coarse straight locks\ndescended upon her voluptuous limbs and reach'd to her feet.\n\nThe runaway slave came to my house and stopt outside, I heard his motions\ncrackling the twigs of the woodpile, Through the swung half-door of the\nkitchen I saw him limpsy and weak, And went where he sat on a log and led him\nin and assured him, And brought water and fill'd a tub for his sweated body\nand bruis'd feet, And gave him a room that enter'd from my own, and gave him\nsome coarse clean clothes, And remember perfectly well his revolving eyes and\nhis awkwardness, And remember putting plasters on the galls of his neck and\nankles; He staid with me a week before he was recuperated and pass'd north, I\nhad him sit next me at table, my fire-lock lean'd in the corner.\n\n11\n\nTwenty-eight young men bathe by the shore, Twenty-eight young men and all so\nfriendly; Twenty-eight years of womanly life and all so lonesome.\n\nShe owns the fine house by the rise of the bank, She hides handsome and richly\ndrest aft the blinds of the window.\n\nWhich of the young men does she like the best? Ah the homeliest of them is\nbeautiful to her.\n\nWhere are you off to, lady? for I see you, You splash in the water there, yet\nstay stock still in your room.\n\nDancing and laughing along the beach came the twenty-ninth bather, The rest\ndid not see her, but she saw them and loved them.\n\nThe beards of the young men glisten'd with wet, it ran from their long hair,\nLittle streams pass'd all over their bodies.\n\nAn unseen hand also pass'd over their bodies, It descended tremblingly from\ntheir temples and ribs.\n\nThe young men float on their backs, their white bellies bulge to the sun, they\ndo not ask who seizes fast to them, They do not know who puffs and declines\nwith pendant and bending arch, They do not think whom they souse with spray.\n\n12\n\nThe butcher-boy puts off his killing-clothes, or sharpens his knife at the\nstall in the market, I loiter enjoying his repartee and his shuffle and break-\ndown.\n\nBlacksmiths with grimed and hairy chests environ the anvil, Each has his main-\nsledge, they are all out, there is a great heat in the fire.\n\nFrom the cinder-strew'd threshold I follow their movements, The lithe sheer of\ntheir waists plays even with their massive arms, Overhand the hammers swing,\noverhand so slow, overhand so sure, They do not hasten, each man hits in his\nplace.\n\n13\n\nThe negro holds firmly the reins of his four horses, the block swags\nunderneath on its tied-over chain, The negro that drives the long dray of the\nstone-yard, steady and tall he stands pois'd on one leg on the string-piece,\nHis blue shirt exposes his ample neck and breast and loosens over his hip-\nband, His glance is calm and commanding, he tosses the slouch of his hat away\nfrom his forehead, The sun falls on his crispy hair and mustache, falls on the\nblack of his polish'd and perfect limbs.\n\nI behold the picturesque giant and love him, and I do not stop there, I go\nwith the team also.\n\nIn me the caresser of life wherever moving, backward as well as forward\nsluing, To niches aside and junior bending, not a person or object missing,\nAbsorbing all to myself and for this song.\n\nOxen that rattle the yoke and chain or halt in the leafy shade, what is that\nyou express in your eyes? It seems to me more than all the print I have read\nin my life.\n\nMy tread scares the wood-drake and wood-duck on my distant and day-long\nramble, They rise together, they slowly circle around.\n\nI believe in those wing'd purposes, And acknowledge red, yellow, white,\nplaying within me, And consider green and violet and the tufted crown\nintentional, And do not call the tortoise unworthy because she is not\nsomething else, And the jay in the woods never studied the gamut, yet trills\npretty well to me, And the look of the bay mare shames silliness out of me.\n\n14\n\nThe wild gander leads his flock through the cool night, Ya-honk he says, and\nsounds it down to me like an invitation, The pert may suppose it meaningless,\nbut I listening close, Find its purpose and place up there toward the wintry\nsky.\n\nThe sharp-hoof'd moose of the north, the cat on the housesill, the chickadee,\nthe prairie-dog, The litter of the grunting sow as they tug at her teats, The\nbrood of the turkey-hen and she with her half-spread wings, I see in them and\nmyself the same old law.\n\nThe press of my foot to the earth springs a hundred affections, They scorn the\nbest I can do to relate them.\n\nI am enamour'd of growing out-doors, Of men that live among cattle or taste of\nthe ocean or woods, Of the builders and steerers of ships and the wielders of\naxes and mauls, and the drivers of horses, I can eat and sleep with them week\nin and week out.\n\nWhat is commonest, cheapest, nearest, easiest, is Me, Me going in for my\nchances, spending for vast returns, Adorning myself to bestow myself on the\nfirst that will take me, Not asking the sky to come down to my good will,\nScattering it freely forever.\n\n15\n\nThe pure contralto sings in the organ loft, The carpenter dresses his plank,\nthe tongue of his foreplane whistles its wild ascending lisp, The married and\nunmarried children ride home to their Thanksgiving dinner, The pilot seizes\nthe king-pin, he heaves down with a strong arm, The mate stands braced in the\nwhale-boat, lance and harpoon are ready,\n\nThe duck-shooter walks by silent and cautious stretches, The deacons are\nordain'd with cross'd hands at the altar, The spinning-girl retreats and\nadvances to the hum of the big wheel, The farmer stops by the bars as he walks\non a First-day loafe and looks at the oats and rye, The lunatic is carried at\nlast to the asylum a confirm'd case, (He will never sleep any more as he did\nin the cot in his mother's bedroom;) The jour printer with gray head and gaunt\njaws works at his case, He turns his quid of tobacco while his eyes blurr with\nthe manuscript; The malform'd limbs are tied to the surgeon's table, What is\nremoved drops horribly in a pail; The quadroon girl is sold at the auction-\nstand, the drunkard nods by the bar-room stove, The machinist rolls up his\nsleeves, the policeman travels his beat, the gate-keeper marks who pass, The\nyoung fellow drives the express-wagon, (I love him, though I do not know him;)\nThe half-breed straps on his light boots to compete in the race, The western\nturkey-shooting draws old and young, some lean on their rifles, some sit on\nlogs, Out from the crowd steps the marksman, takes his position, levels his\npiece; The groups of newly-come immigrants cover the wharf or levee, As the\nwoolly-pates hoe in the sugar-field, the overseer views them from his saddle,\nThe bugle calls in the ball-room, the gentlemen run for their partners, the\ndancers bow to each other, The youth lies awake in the cedar-roof'd garret and\nharks to the musical rain, The Wolverine sets traps on the creek that helps\nfill the Huron, The squaw wrapt in her yellow-hemm'd cloth is offering\nmoccasins and bead-bags for sale, The connoisseur peers along the exhibition-\ngallery with half-shut eyes bent sideways,\n\nAs the deck-hands make fast the steamboat the plank is thrown for the shore-\ngoing passengers, The young sister holds out the skein while the elder sister\nwinds it off in a ball, and stops now and then for the knots, The one-year\nwife is recovering and happy having a week ago borne her first child, The\nclean-hair'd Yankee girl works with her sewing-machine or in the factory or\nmill, The paving-man leans on his two-handed rammer, the reporter's lead flies\nswiftly over the note-book, the signpainter is lettering with blue and gold,\nThe canal boy trots on the tow-path, the book-keeper counts at his desk, the\nshoemaker waxes his thread, The conductor beats time for the band and all the\nperformers follow him, The child is baptized, the convert is making his first\nprofessions, The regatta is spread on the bay, the race is begun, (how the\nwhite sails sparkle!) The drover watching his drove sings out to them that\nwould stray, The pedler sweats with his pack on his back, (the purchaser\nhiggling about the odd cent;) The bride unrumples her white dress, the minute-\nhand of the clock moves slowly, The opium-eater reclines with rigid head and\njust-open'd lips, The prostitute draggles her shawl, her bonnet bobs on her\ntipsy and pimpled neck, The crowd laugh at her blackguard oaths, the men jeer\nand wink to each other, (Miserable! I do not laugh at your oaths nor jeer\nyou;) The President holding a cabinet council is surrounded by the great\nSecretaries, On the piazza walk three matrons stately and friendly with twined\narms, The crew of the fish-smack pack repeated layers of halibut in the hold,\nThe Missourian crosses the plains toting his wares and his cattle,\n\nAs the fare-collector goes through the train he gives notice by the jingling\nof loose change, The floor-men are laying the floor, the tinners are tinning\nthe roof, the masons are calling for mortar, In single file each shouldering\nhis hod pass onward the laborers; Seasons pursuing each other the\nindescribable crowd is gather'd, it is the fourth of Seventh-month, (what\nsalutes of cannon and small arms!) Seasons pursuing each other the plougher\nploughs, the mower mows, and the winter-grain falls in the ground; Off on the\nlakes the pike-fisher watches and waits by the hole in the frozen surface, The\nstumps stand thick round the clearing, the squatter strikes deep with his axe,\nFlatboatmen make fast towards dusk near the cotton-wood or pecan-trees, Coon-\nseekers go through the regions of the Red river or through those drain'd by\nthe Tennessee, or through those of the Arkansas, Torches shine in the dark\nthat hangs on the Chattahooche or Altamahaw, Patriarchs sit at supper with\nsons and grandsons and great-grandsons around them, In walls of adobie, in\ncanvas tents, rest hunters and trappers after their day's sport, The city\nsleeps and the country sleeps, The living sleep for their time, the dead sleep\nfor their time, The old husband sleeps by his wife and the young husband\nsleeps by his wife; And these tend inward to me, and I tend outward to them,\nAnd such as it is to be of these more or less I am, And of these one and all I\nweave the song of myself.\n\n16\n\nI am of old and young, of the foolish as much as the wise, Regardless of\nothers, ever regardful of others, Maternal as well as paternal, a child as\nwell as a man, Stuff'd with the stuff that is coarse and stuff'd with the\nstuff that is fine,\n\nOne of the Nation of many nations, the smallest the same and the largest the\nsame, A Southerner soon as a Northerner, a planter nonchalant and hospitable\ndown by the Oconee I live, A Yankee bound my own way ready for trade, my\njoints the limberest joints on earth and the sternest joints on earth, A\nKentuckian walking the vale of the Elkhorn in my deer-skin leggings, a\nLouisianian or Georgian, A boatman over lakes or bays or along coasts, a\nHoosier, Badger, Buck-eye; At home on Kanadian snow-shoes or up in the bush,\nor with fishermen off Newfoundland, At home in the fleet of ice-boats, sailing\nwith the rest and tacking, At home on the hills of Vermont or in the woods of\nMaine, or the Texan ranch, Comrade of Californians, comrade of free North-\nWesterners, (loving their big proportions,) Comrade of raftsmen and coalmen,\ncomrade of all who shake hands and welcome to drink and meat, A learner with\nthe simplest, a teacher of the thoughtfullest, A novice beginning yet\nexperient of myriads of seasons, Of every hue and caste am I, of every rank\nand religion, A farmer, mechanic, artist, gentleman, sailor, quaker, Prisoner,\nfancy-man, rowdy, lawyer, physician, priest.\n\nI resist any thing better than my own diversity, Breathe the air but leave\nplenty after me, And am not stuck up, and am in my place.\n\n(The moth and the fish-eggs are in their place, The bright suns I see and the\ndark suns I cannot see are in their place, The palpable is in its place and\nthe impalpable is in its place.)\n\n17\n\nThese are really the thoughts of all men in all ages and lands, they are not\noriginal with me, If they are not yours as much as mine they are nothing, or\nnext to nothing,\n\nIf they are not the riddle and the untying of the riddle they are nothing, If\nthey are not just as close as they are distant they are nothing.\n\nThis is the grass that grows wherever the land is and the water is, This the\ncommon air that bathes the globe.\n\n18\n\nWith music strong I come, with my cornets and my drums, I play not marches for\naccepted victors only, I play marches for conquer'd and slain persons.\n\nHave you heard that it was good to gain the day? I also say it is good to\nfall, battles are lost in the same spirit in which they are won.\n\nI beat and pound for the dead, I blow through my embouchures my loudest and\ngayest for them.\n\nVivas to those who have fail'd! And to those whose war-vessels sank in the\nsea! And to those themselves who sank in the sea! And to all generals that\nlost engagements, and all overcome heroes! And the numberless unknown heroes\nequal to the greatest heroes known!\n\n19\n\nThis is the meal equally set, this the meat for natural hunger, It is for the\nwicked just the same as the righteous, I make appointments with all, I will\nnot have a single person slighted or left away, The kept-woman, sponger,\nthief, are hereby invited, The heavy-lipp'd slave is invited, the venerealee\nis invited; There shall be no difference between them and the rest.\n\nThis is the press of a bashful hand, this the float and odor of hair,\n\nThis the touch of my lips to yours, this the murmur of yearning, This the far-\noff depth and height reflecting my own face, This the thoughtful merge of\nmyself, and the outlet again.\n\nDo you guess I have some intricate purpose? Well I have, for the Fourth-month\nshowers have, and the mica on the side of a rock has.\n\nDo you take it I would astonish? Does the daylight astonish? does the early\nredstart twittering through the woods? Do I astonish more than they?\n\nThis hour I tell things in confidence, I might not tell everybody, but I will\ntell you.\n\n20\n\nWho goes there? hankering, gross, mystical, nude; How is it I extract strength\nfrom the beef I eat?\n\nWhat is a man anyhow? what am I? what are you?\n\nAll I mark as my own you shall offset it with your own, Else it were time lost\nlistening to me.\n\nI do not snivel that snivel the world over, That months are vacuums and the\nground but wallow and filth.\n\nWhimpering and truckling fold with powders for invalids, conformity goes to\nthe fourth-remov'd, I wear my hat as I please indoors or out.\n\nWhy should I pray? why should I venerate and be ceremonious?\n\nHaving pried through the strata, analyzed to a hair, counsel'd with doctors\nand calculated close, I find no sweeter fat than sticks to my own bones.\n\nIn all people I see myself, none more and not one a barley-corn less, And the\ngood or bad I say of myself I say of them.\n\nI know I am solid and sound, To me the converging objects of the universe\nperpetually flow, All are written to me, and I must get what the writing\nmeans.\n\nI know I am deathless, I know this orbit of mine cannot be swept by a\ncarpenter's compass, I know I shall not pass like a child's carlacue cut with\na burnt stick at night.\n\nI know I am august, I do not trouble my spirit to vindicate itself or be\nunderstood, I see that the elementary laws never apologize, (I reckon I behave\nno prouder than the level I plant my house by, after all.)\n\nI exist as I am, that is enough, If no other in the world be aware I sit\ncontent, And if each and all be aware I sit content.\n\nOne world is aware and by far the largest to me, and that is myself, And\nwhether I come to my own to-day or in ten thousand or ten million years, I can\ncheerfully take it now, or with equal cheerfulness I can wait.\n\nMy foothold is tenon'd and mortis'd in granite, I laugh at what you call\ndissolution, And I know the amplitude of time.\n\n21\n\nI am the poet of the Body and I am the poet of the Soul, The pleasures of\nheaven are with me and the pains of hell are with me, The first I graft and\nincrease upon myself, the latter I translate into a new tongue.\n\nI am the poet of the woman the same as the man, And I say it is as great to be\na woman as to be a man, And I say there is nothing greater than the mother of\nmen.\n\nI chant the chant of dilation or pride, We have had ducking and deprecating\nabout enough, I show that size is only development.\n\nHave you outstript the rest? are you the President? It is a trifle, they will\nmore than arrive there every one, and still pass on.\n\nI am he that walks with the tender and growing night, I call to the earth and\nsea half-held by the night.\n\nPress close bare-bosom'd night — press close magnetic nourishing night! Night\nof south winds — night of the large few stars! Still nodding night — mad naked\nsummer night.\n\nSmile O voluptuous cool-breath'd earth! Earth of the slumbering and liquid\ntrees! Earth of departed sunset — earth of the mountains misty-topt! Earth of\nthe vitreous pour of the full moon just tinged with blue! Earth of shine and\ndark mottling the tide of the river! Earth of the limpid gray of clouds\nbrighter and clearer for my sake! Far-swooping elbow'd earth — rich apple-\nblossom'd earth! Smile, for your lover comes.\n\nProdigal, you have given me love — therefore I to you give love! O unspeakable\npassionate love.\n\n22\n\nYou sea! I resign myself to you also — I guess what you mean, I behold from\nthe beach your crooked inviting fingers, I believe you refuse to go back\nwithout feeling of me, We must have a turn together, I undress, hurry me out\nof sight of the land, Cushion me soft, rock me in billowy drowse, Dash me with\namorous wet, I can repay you.\n\nSea of stretch'd ground-swells, Sea breathing broad and convulsive breaths,\nSea of the brine of life and of unshovell'd yet always-ready graves, Howler\nand scooper of storms, capricious and dainty sea, I am integral with you, I\ntoo am of one phase and of all phases.\n\nPartaker of influx and efflux, I, extoller of hate and conciliation, Extoller\nof amies and those that sleep in each others' arms.\n\nI am he attesting sympathy, (Shall I make my list of things in the house and\nskip the house that supports them?)\n\nI am not the poet of goodness only, I do not decline to be the poet of\nwickedness also.\n\nWhat blurt is this about virtue and about vice? Evil propels me and reform of\nevil propels me, I stand indifferent, My gait is no fault-finder's or\nrejecter's gait, I moisten the roots of all that has grown.\n\nDid you fear some scrofula out of the unflagging pregnancy? Did you guess the\ncelestial laws are yet to be work'd over and rectified?\n\nI find one side a balance and the antipodal side a balance, Soft doctrine as\nsteady help as stable doctrine, Thoughts and deeds of the present our rouse\nand early start.\n\nThis minute that comes to me over the past decillions, There is no better than\nit and now.\n\nWhat behaved well in the past or behaves well to-day is not such a wonder, The\nwonder is always and always how there can be a mean man or an infidel.\n\n23\n\nEndless unfolding of words of ages! And mine a word of the modern, the word\nEn-Masse.\n\nA word of the faith that never balks, Here or henceforward it is all the same\nto me, I accept Time absolutely.\n\nIt alone is without flaw, it alone rounds and completes all, That mystic\nbaffling wonder alone completes all.\n\nI accept Reality and dare not question it, Materialism first and last imbuing.\n\nHurrah for positive science! long live exact demonstration! Fetch stonecrop\nmixt with cedar and branches of lilac, This is the lexicographer, this the\nchemist, this made a grammar of the old cartouches, These mariners put the\nship through dangerous unknown seas, This is the geologist, this works with\nthe scalpel, and this is a mathematician.\n\nGentlemen, to you the first honors always! Your facts are useful, and yet they\nare not my dwelling, I but enter by them to an area of my dwelling.\n\nLess the reminders of properties told my words, And more the reminders they of\nlife untold, and of freedom and extrication, And make short account of neuters\nand geldings, and favor men and women fully equipt, And beat the gong of\nrevolt, and stop with fugitives and them that plot and conspire.\n\n24\n\nWalt Whitman, a kosmos, of Manhattan the son, Turbulent, fleshy, sensual,\neating, drinking and breeding.\n\nNo sentimentalist, no stander above men and women or apart from them, No more\nmodest than immodest.\n\nUnscrew the locks from the doors! Unscrew the doors themselves from their\njambs!\n\nWhoever degrades another degrades me, And whatever is done or said returns at\nlast to me.\n\nThrough me the afflatus surging and surging, through me the current and index.\n\nI speak the pass-word primeval, I give the sign of democracy, By God! I will\naccept nothing which all cannot have their counterpart of on the same terms.\n\nThrough me many long dumb voices, Voices of the interminable generation of\nprisoners and slaves, Voices of the diseas'd and despairing and of thieves and\ndwarfs, Voices of cycles of preparation and accretion, And of the threads that\nconnect the stars, and of wombs and of the father-stuff, And of the rights of\nthem the others are down upon, Of the deform'd, trivial, flat, foolish,\ndespised, Fog in the air, beetles rolling balls of dung.\n\nThrough me forbidden voices, Voices of sexes and lusts, voices veil'd and I\nremove the veil, Voices indecent by me clarified and transfigur'd.\n\nI do not press my fingers across my mouth, I keep as delicate around the\nbowels as around the head and heart, Copulation is no more rank to me than\ndeath is.\n\nI believe in the flesh and the appetites, Seeing, hearing, feeling, are\nmiracles, and each part and tag of me is a miracle.\n\nDivine am I inside and out, and I make holy whatever I touch or am touch'd\nfrom, The scent of these arm-pits aroma finer than prayer, This head more than\nchurches, bibles, and all the creeds.\n\nIf I worship one thing more than another it shall be the spread of my own\nbody, or any part of it, Translucent mould of me it shall be you! Shaded\nledges and rests it shall be you! Firm masculine colter it shall be you!\nWhatever goes to the tilth of me it shall be you! You my rich blood! your\nmilky stream pale strippings of my life! Breast that presses against other\nbreasts it shall be you! My brain it shall be your occult convolutions! Root\nof wash'd sweet-flag! timorous pond-snipe! nest of guarded duplicate eggs! it\nshall be you! Mix'd tussled hay of head, beard, brawn, it shall be you!\nTrickling sap of maple, fibre of manly wheat, it shall be you! Sun so generous\nit shall be you! Vapors lighting and shading my face it shall be you! You\nsweaty brooks and dews it shall be you! Winds whose soft-tickling genitals rub\nagainst me it shall be you! Broad muscular fields, branches of live oak,\nloving lounger in my winding paths, it shall be you! Hands I have taken, face\nI have kiss'd, mortal I have ever touch'd, it shall be you.\n\nI dote on myself, there is that lot of me and all so luscious, Each moment and\nwhatever happens thrills me with joy, I cannot tell how my ankles bend, nor\nwhence the cause of my faintest wish, Nor the cause of the friendship I emit,\nnor the cause of the friendship I take again.\n\nThat I walk up my stoop, I pause to consider if it really be, A morning-glory\nat my window satisfies me more than the metaphysics of books.\n\nTo behold the day-break! The little light fades the immense and diaphanous\nshadows, The air tastes good to my palate.\n\nHefts of the moving world at innocent gambols silently rising, freshly\nexuding, Scooting obliquely high and low.\n\nSomething I cannot see puts upward libidinous prongs, Seas of bright juice\nsuffuse heaven.\n\nThe earth by the sky staid with, the daily close of their junction, The heav'd\nchallenge from the east that moment over my head, The mocking taunt, See then\nwhether you shall be master!\n\n25\n\nDazzling and tremendous how quick the sun-rise would kill me, If I could not\nnow and always send sun-rise out of me.\n\nWe also ascend dazzling and tremendous as the sun, We found our own O my soul\nin the calm and cool of the day-break.\n\nMy voice goes after what my eyes cannot reach, With the twirl of my tongue I\nencompass worlds and volumes of worlds.\n\nSpeech is the twin of my vision, it is unequal to measure itself, It provokes\nme forever, it says sarcastically, Walt you contain enough, why don't you let\nit out then?\n\nCome now I will not be tantalized, you conceive too much of articulation, Do\nyou not know O speech how the buds beneath you are folded? Waiting in gloom,\nprotected by frost, The dirt receding before my prophetical screams, I\nunderlying causes to balance them at last,\n\nMy knowledge my live parts, it keeping tally with the meaning of all things,\nHappiness, (which whoever hears me let him or her set out in search of this\nday.)\n\nMy final merit I refuse you, I refuse putting from me what I really am,\nEncompass worlds, but never try to encompass me, I crowd your sleekest and\nbest by simply looking toward you.\n\nWriting and talk do not prove me, I carry the plenum of proof and every thing\nelse in my face, With the hush of my lips I wholly confound the skeptic.\n\n26\n\nNow I will do nothing but listen, To accrue what I hear into this song, to let\nsounds contribute toward it.\n\nI hear bravuras of birds, bustle of growing wheat, gossip of flames, clack of\nsticks cooking my meals. I hear the sound I love, the sound of the human\nvoice, I hear all sounds running together, combined, fused or following,\nSounds of the city and sounds out of the city, sounds of the day and night,\nTalkative young ones to those that like them, the loud laugh of work-people at\ntheir meals, The angry base of disjointed friendship, the faint tones of the\nsick, The judge with hands tight to the desk, his pallid lips pronouncing a\ndeath-sentence, The heave'e'yo of stevedores unlading ships by the wharves,\nthe refrain of the anchor-lifters, The ring of alarm-bells, the cry of fire,\nthe whirr of swift-streaking engines and hose-carts with premonitory tinkles\nand color'd lights, The steam-whistle, the solid roll of the train of\napproaching cars,\n\nThe slow march play'd at the head of the association marching two and two,\n(They go to guard some corpse, the flag-tops are draped with black muslin.)\n\nI hear the violoncello, ('tis the young man's heart's complaint,) I hear the\nkey'd cornet, it glides quickly in through my ears, It shakes mad-sweet pangs\nthrough my belly and breast.\n\nI hear the chorus, it is a grand opera, Ah this indeed is music — this suits\nme.\n\nA tenor large and fresh as the creation fills me, The orbic flex of his mouth\nis pouring and filling me full.\n\nI hear the train'd soprano (what work with hers is this?) The orchestra whirls\nme wider than Uranus flies, It wrenches such ardors from me I did not know I\npossess'd them, It sails me, I dab with bare feet, they are lick'd by the\nindolent waves, I am cut by bitter and angry hail, I lose my breath, Steep'd\namid honey'd morphine, my windpipe throttled in fakes of death, At length let\nup again to feel the puzzle of puzzles, And that we call Being.\n\n27\n\nTo be in any form, what is that? (Round and round we go, all of us, and ever\ncome back thither,) If nothing lay more develop'd the quahaug in its callous\nshell were enough.\n\nMine is no callous shell, I have instant conductors all over me whether I pass\nor stop, They seize every object and lead it harmlessly through me.\n\nI merely stir, press, feel with my fingers, and am happy, To touch my person\nto some one else's is about as much as I can stand.\n\n28\n\nIs this then a touch? quivering me to a new identity, Flames and ether making\na rush for my veins, Treacherous tip of me reaching and crowding to help them,\nMy flesh and blood playing out lightning to strike what is hardly different\nfrom myself, On all sides prurient provokers stiffening my limbs, Straining\nthe udder of my heart for its withheld drip, Behaving licentious toward me,\ntaking no denial, Depriving me of my best as for a purpose, Unbuttoning my\nclothes, holding me by the bare waist, Deluding my confusion with the calm of\nthe sunlight and pasture-fields, Immodestly sliding the fellow-senses away,\nThey bribed to swap off with touch and go and graze at the edges of me, No\nconsideration, no regard for my draining strength or my anger, Fetching the\nrest of the herd around to enjoy them a while, Then all uniting to stand on a\nheadland and worry me.\n\nThe sentries desert every other part of me, They have left me helpless to a\nred marauder, They all come to the headland to witness and assist against me.\n\nI am given up by traitors, I talk wildly, I have lost my wits, I and nobody\nelse am the greatest traitor, I went myself first to the headland, my own\nhands carried me there.\n\nYou villain touch! what are you doing? my breath is tight in its throat,\nUnclench your floodgates, you are too much for me.\n\n29\n\nBlind loving wrestling touch, sheath'd hooded sharp-tooth'd touch! Did it make\nyou ache so, leaving me?\n\nParting track'd by arriving, perpetual payment of perpetual loan, Rich\nshowering rain, and recompense richer afterward.\n\nSprouts take and accumulate, stand by the curb prolific and vital, Landscapes\nprojected masculine, full-sized and golden.\n\n30\n\nAll truths wait in all things, They neither hasten their own delivery nor\nresist it, They do not need the obstetric forceps of the surgeon, The\ninsignificant is as big to me as any, (What is less or more than a touch?)\n\nLogic and sermons never convince, The damp of the night drives deeper into my\nsoul.\n\n(Only what proves itself to every man and woman is so, Only what nobody denies\nis so.)\n\nA minute and a drop of me settle my brain, I believe the soggy clods shall\nbecome lovers and lamps, And a compend of compends is the meat of a man or\nwoman, And a summit and flower there is the feeling they have for each other,\nAnd they are to branch boundlessly out of that lesson until it becomes\nomnific, And until one and all shall delight us, and we them.\n\n31\n\nI believe a leaf of grass is no less than the journey-work of the stars, And\nthe pismire is equally perfect, and a grain of sand, and the egg of the wren,\nAnd the tree-toad is a chef-d'oeuvre for the highest, And the running\nblackberry would adorn the parlors of heaven, And the narrowest hinge in my\nhand puts to scorn all machinery,\n\nAnd the cow crunching with depress'd head surpasses any statue, And a mouse is\nmiracle enough to stagger sextillions of infidels.\n\nI find I incorporate gneiss, coal, long-threaded moss, fruits, grains,\nesculent roots, And am stucco'd with quadrupeds and birds all over, And have\ndistanced what is behind me for good reasons, But call any thing back again\nwhen I desire it.\n\nIn vain the speeding or shyness, In vain the plutonic rocks send their old\nheat against my approach, In vain the mastodon retreats beneath its own\npowder'd bones, In vain objects stand leagues off and assume manifold shapes,\nIn vain the ocean setting in hollows and the great monsters lying low, In vain\nthe buzzard houses herself with the sky, In vain the snake slides through the\ncreepers and logs, In vain the elk takes to the inner passes of the woods, In\nvain the razor-bill'd auk sails far north to Labrador, I follow quickly, I\nascend to the nest in the fissure of the cliff.\n\n32\n\nI think I could turn and live with animals, they're so placid and self-\ncontain'd, I stand and look at them long and long.\n\nThey do not sweat and whine about their condition, They do not lie awake in\nthe dark and weep for their sins, They do not make me sick discussing their\nduty to God, Not one is dissatisfied, not one is demented with the mania of\nowning things, Not one kneels to another, nor to his kind that lived thousands\nof years ago, Not one is respectable or unhappy over the whole earth.\n\nSo they show their relations to me and I accept them, They bring me tokens of\nmyself, they evince them plainly in their possession.\n\nI wonder where they get those tokens, Did I pass that way huge times ago and\nnegligently drop them?\n\nMyself moving forward then and now and forever, Gathering and showing more\nalways and with velocity, Infinite and omnigenous, and the like of these among\nthem, Not too exclusive toward the reachers of my remembrancers, Picking out\nhere one that I love, and now go with him on brotherly terms.\n\nA gigantic beauty of a stallion, fresh and responsive to my caresses, Head\nhigh in the forehead, wide between the ears, Limbs glossy and supple, tail\ndusting the ground, Eyes full of sparkling wickedness, ears finely cut,\nflexibly moving.\n\nHis nostrils dilate as my heels embrace him, His well-built limbs tremble with\npleasure as we race around and return. I but use you a minute, then I resign\nyou, stallion, Why do I need your paces when I myself out-gallop them? Even as\nI stand or sit passing faster than you.\n\n33\n\nSpace and Time! now I see it is true, what I guess'd at, What I guess'd when I\nloaf'd on the grass, What I guess'd while I lay alone in my bed, And again as\nI walk'd the beach under the paling stars of the morning.\n\nMy ties and ballasts leave me, my elbows rest in sea-gaps, I skirt sierras, my\npalms cover continents, I am afoot with my vision.\n\nBy the city's quadrangular houses — in log huts, camping with lumbermen, Along\nthe ruts of the turnpike, along the dry gulch and rivulet bed, Weeding my\nonion-patch or hoeing rows of carrots and parsnips, crossing savannas,\ntrailing in forests, Prospecting, gold-digging, girdling the trees of a new\npurchase, Scorch'd ankle-deep by the hot sand, hauling my boat down the\nshallow river, Where the panther walks to and fro on a limb overhead, where\nthe buck turns furiously at the hunter, Where the rattlesnake suns his flabby\nlength on a rock, where the otter is feeding on fish, Where the alligator in\nhis tough pimples sleeps by the bayou, Where the black bear is searching for\nroots or honey, where the beaver pats the mud with his paddle-shaped tail;\nOver the growing sugar, over the yellow-flower'd cotton plant, over the rice\nin its low moist field, Over the sharp-peak'd farm house, with its scallop'd\nscum and slender shoots from the gutters, Over the western persimmon, over the\nlong-leav'd corn, over the delicate blue-flower flax, Over the white and brown\nbuckwheat, a hummer and buzzer there with the rest, Over the dusky green of\nthe rye as it ripples and shades in the breeze; Scaling mountains, pulling\nmyself cautiously up, holding on by low scragged limbs, Walking the path worn\nin the grass and beat through the leaves of the brush, Where the quail is\nwhistling betwixt the woods and the wheatlot, Where the bat flies in the\nSeventh-month eve, where the great gold-bug drops through the dark, Where the\nbrook puts out of the roots of the old tree and flows to the meadow, Where\ncattle stand and shake away flies with the tremulous shuddering of their\nhides,\n\nWhere the cheese-cloth hangs in the kitchen, where andirons straddle the\nhearth-slab, where cobwebs fall in festoons from the rafters; Where trip-\nhammers crash, where the press is whirling its cylinders, Where the human\nheart beats with terrible throes under its ribs, Where the pear-shaped balloon\nis floating aloft, (floating in it myself and looking composedly down,) Where\nthe life-car is drawn on the slip-noose, where the heat hatches pale-green\neggs in the dented sand, Where the she-whale swims with her calf and never\nforsakes it, Where the steam-ship trails hind-ways its long pennant of smoke,\nWhere the fin of the shark cuts like a black chip out of the water, Where the\nhalf-burn'd brig is riding on unknown currents, Where shells grow to her slimy\ndeck, where the dead are corrupting below; Where the dense-starr'd flag is\nborne at the head of the regiments, Approaching Manhattan up by the long-\nstretching island, Under Niagara, the cataract falling like a veil over my\ncountenance, Upon a door-step, upon the horse-block of hard wood outside, Upon\nthe race-course, or enjoying picnics or jigs or a good game of base-ball, At\nhe-festivals, with blackguard gibes, ironical license, bull-dances, drinking,\nlaughter, At the cider-mill tasting the sweets of the brown mash, sucking the\njuice through a straw, At apple-peelings wanting kisses for all the red fruit\nI find, At musters, beach-parties, friendly bees, huskings, house-raisings;\nWhere the mocking-bird sounds his delicious gurgles, cackles, screams, weeps,\nWhere the hay-rick stands in the barn-yard, where the dry-stalks are\nscatter'd, where the brood-cow waits in the hovel,\n\nWhere the bull advances to do his masculine work, where the stud to the mare,\nwhere the cock is treading the hen, Where the heifers browse, where geese nip\ntheir food with short jerks, Where sun-down shadows lengthen over the\nlimitless and lonesome prairie, Where herds of buffalo make a crawling spread\nof the square miles far and near, Where the humming-bird shimmers, where the\nneck of the long-lived swan is curving and winding, Where the laughing-gull\nscoots by the shore, where she laughs her near-human laugh, Where bee-hives\nrange on a gray bench in the garden half hid by the high weeds, Where band-\nneck'd partridges roost in a ring on the ground with their heads out, Where\nburial coaches enter the arch'd gates of a cemetery, Where winter wolves bark\namid wastes of snow and icicled trees, Where the yellow-crown'd heron comes to\nthe edge of the marsh at night and feeds upon small crabs, Where the splash of\nswimmers and divers cools the warm noon, Where the katy-did works her\nchromatic reed on the walnut-tree over the wall, Through patches of citrons\nand cucumbers with silver-wired leaves, Through the salt-lick or orange glade,\nor under conical firs, Through the gymnasium, through the curtain'd saloon,\nthrough the office or public hall; Pleas'd with the native and pleas'd with\nthe foreign, pleas'd with the new and old, Pleas'd with the homely woman as\nwell as the handsome, Pleas'd with the quakeress as she puts off her bonnet\nand talks melodiously, Pleas'd with the tune of the choir of the whitewash'd\nchurch, Pleas'd with the earnest words of the sweating Methodist preacher,\nimpress'd seriously at the camp-meeting; Looking in at the shop-windows of\nBroadway the whole forenoon, flatting the flesh of my nose on the thick plate\nglass,\n\nWandering the same afternoon with my face turn'd up to the clouds, or down a\nlane or along the beach, My right and left arms round the sides of two\nfriends, and I in the middle; Coming home with the silent and dark-cheek'd\nbush-boy, (behind me he rides at the drape of the day,) Far from the\nsettlements studying the print of animals' feet, or the moccasin print, By the\ncot in the hospital reaching lemonade to a feverish patient, Nigh the coffin'd\ncorpse when all is still, examining with a candle; Voyaging to every port to\ndicker and adventure, Hurrying with the modern crowd as eager and flickle as\nany, Hot toward one I hate, ready in my madness to knife him, Solitary at\nmidnight in my back yard, my thoughts gone from me a long while, Walking the\nold hills of Judaea with the beautiful gentle God by my side, Speeding through\nspace, speeding through heaven and the stars, Speeding amid the seven\nsatellites and the broad ring, and the diameter of eighty thousand miles,\nSpeeding with tail'd meteors, throwing fire-balls like the rest, Carrying the\ncrescent child that carries its own full mother in its belly, Storming,\nenjoying, planning, loving, cautioning, Backing and filling, appearing and\ndisappearing, I tread day and night such roads.\n\nI visit the orchards of spheres and look at the product, And look at\nquintillions ripen'd and look at quintillions green.\n\nI fly those flights of a fluid and swallowing soul, My course runs below the\nsoundings of plummets.\n\nI help myself to material and immaterial, No guard can shut me off, no law\nprevent me.\n\nI anchor my ship for a little while only, My messengers continually cruise\naway or bring their returns to me.\n\nI go hunting polar furs and the seal, leaping chasms with a pike-pointed\nstaff, clinging to topples of brittle and blue.\n\nI ascend to the foretruck, I take my place late at night in the crow's-nest,\nWe sail the arctic sea, it is plenty light enough, Through the clear\natmosphere I stretch around on the wonderful beauty, The enormous masses of\nice pass me and I pass them, the scenery is plain in all directions, The\nwhite-topt mountains show in the distance, I fling out my fancies toward them,\nWe are approaching some great battle-field in which we are soon to be engaged,\nWe pass the colossal outposts of the encampment, we pass with still feet and\ncaution, Or we are entering by the suburbs some vast and ruin'd city, The\nblocks and fallen architecture more than all the living cities of the globe.\n\nI am a free companion, I bivouac by invading watchfires, I turn the bridegroom\nout of bed and stay with the bride myself, I tighten her all night to my\nthighs and lips.\n\nMy voice is the wife's voice, the screech by the rail of the stairs, They\nfetch my man's body up dripping and drown'd.\n\nI understand the large hearts of heroes, The courage of present times and all\ntimes, How the skipper saw the crowded and rudderless wreck of the steamship,\nand Death chasing it up and down the storm, How he knuckled tight and gave not\nback an inch, and was faithful of days and faithful of nights, And chalk'd in\nlarge letters on a board, Be of good cheer, we will not desert you;\n\nHow he follow'd with them and tack'd with them three days and would not give\nit up, How he saved the drifting company at last, How the lank loose-gown'd\nwomen look'd when boated from the side of their prepared graves, How the\nsilent old-faced infants and the lifted sick, and the sharp-lipp'd unshaved\nmen; All this I swallow, it tastes good, I like it well, it becomes mine, I am\nthe man, I suffer'd, I was there.\n\nThe disdain and calmness of martyrs, The mother of old, condemn'd for a witch,\nburnt with dry wood, her children gazing on, The hounded slave that flags in\nthe race, leans by the fence, blowing, cover'd with sweat, The twinges that\nsting like needles his legs and neck, the murderous buckshot and the bullets,\nAll these I feel or am.\n\nI am the hounded slave, I wince at the bite of the dogs, Hell and despair are\nupon me, crack and again crack the marksmen, I clutch the rails of the fence,\nmy gore dribs, thinn'd with the ooze of my skin, I fall on the weeds and\nstones, The riders spur their unwilling horses, haul close, Taunt my dizzy\nears and beat me violently over the head with whip-stocks.\n\nAgonies are one of my changes of garments, I do not ask the wounded person how\nhe feels, I myself become the wounded person, My hurts turn livid upon me as I\nlean on a cane and observe.\n\nI am the mash'd fireman with breast-bone broken, Tumbling walls buried me in\ntheir debris, Heat and smoke I inspired, I heard the yelling shouts of my\ncomrades, I heard the distant click of their picks and shovels, They have\nclear'd the beams away, they tenderly life me forth.\n\nI lie in the night air in my red shirt, the pervading hush is for my sake,\nPainless after all I lie exhausted but not so unhappy, White and beautiful are\nthe faces around me, the heads are bared of their fire-caps, The kneeling\ncrowd fades with the light of the torches.\n\nDistant and dead resuscitate, They show as the dial or move as the hands of\nme, I am the clock myself.\n\nI am an old artillerist, I tell of my fort's bombardment, I am there again.\n\nAgain the long roll of the drummers, Again the attacking cannon, mortars,\nAgain to my listeing ears the cannon responsive.\n\nI take part, I see and hear the whole, The cries, curses, roar, the plaudits\nfor well-aim'd shots, The ambulanza slowly passing trailing its red drip,\nWorkmen searching after damages, making indispensable repairs, The fall of\ngrenades through the rent roof, the fan-shaped explosion, The whizz of limbs,\nheads, stone, wood, iron, high in the air.\n\nAgain gurgles the mouth of my dying general, he furiously waves with his hand,\nHe gasps through the clot Mind not me — mind — the entrenchments.\n\n34\n\nNow I tell what I knew in Texas in my early youth, (I tell not the fall of\nAlamo, Not one escaped to tell the fall of Alamo, The hundred and fifty are\ndumb yet at Alamo,) 'Tis the tale of the murder in cold blood of four hundred\nand twelve young men.\n\nRetreating they had form'd in a hollow square with their baggage for\nbreastworks, Nine hundred lives out of the surrounding enemy's, nine times\ntheir number, was the price they took in advance, Their colonel was wounded\nand their ammunition gone, They treated for an honorable capitulation,\nreceiv'd writing and seal, gave up their arms and march'd back prisoners of\nwar.\n\nThey were the glory of the race of rangers, Matchless with horse, rifle, song,\nsupper, courtship, Large, turbulent, generous, handsome, proud, and\naffectionate, Bearded, sunburnt, drest in the free costume of hunters, Not a\nsingle one over thirty years of age.\n\nThe second First-day morning they were brought out in squads and massacred, it\nwas beautiful early summer, The work commenced about five o'clock and was over\nby eight.\n\nNone obey'd the command to kneel, Some made a mad and helpless rush, some\nstood stark and straight, A few fell at once, shot in the temple or heart, the\nliving and dead lay together, The maim'd and mangled dug in the dirt, the new-\ncomers saw them there, Some half-kill'd attempted to crawl away, These were\ndespatch'd with bayonets or batter'd with the blunts of muskets. A youth not\nseventeen years old seiz'd his assassin till two more came to release him, The\nthree were all torn and cover'd with the boy's blood.\n\nAt eleven o'clock began the burning of the bodies; That is the tale of the\nmurder of the four hundred and twelve young men.\n\n35\n\nWould you hear of an old-time sea-fight? Would you learn who won by the light\nof the moon and stars? List to the yarn, as my grandmother's father the sailor\ntold it to me.\n\nOur foe was no skulk in his ship I tell you, (said he,) His was the surly\nEnglish pluck, and there is no tougher or truer, and never was, and never will\nbe; Along the lower'd eve he came horribly raking us.\n\nWe closed with him, the yards entangled, the cannon touch'd, My captain lash'd\nfast with his own hands.\n\nWe had receiv'd some eighteen pound shots under the water, On our lower-gun-\ndeck two large pieces had burst at the first fire, killing all around and\nblowing up overhead.\n\nFighting at sun-down, fighting at dark, Ten o'clock at night, the full moon\nwell up, our leaks on the gain, and five feet of water reported, The master-\nat-arms loosing the prisoners confined in the after-hold to give them a chance\nfor themselves.\n\nThe transit to and from the magazine is now stopt by the sentinels, They see\nso many strange faces they do not know whom to trust.\n\nOur frigate takes fire, The other asks if we demand quarter? If our colors are\nstruck and the fighting done?\n\nNow I laugh content, for I hear the voice of my little captain, We have not\nstruck, he composedly cries, we have just begun our part of the fighting.\n\nOnly three guns are in use, One is directed by the captain himself against the\nenemy's main-mast, Two well serv'd with grape and canister silence his\nmusketry and clear his decks.\n\nThe tops alone second the fire of this little battery, especially the main-\ntop, They hold out bravely during the whole of the action.\n\nNot a moment's cease, The leaks gain fast on the pumps, the fire eats toward\nthe powder-magazine.\n\nOne of the pumps has been shot away, it is generally thought we are sinking.\n\nSerene stands the little captain, He is not hurried, his voice is neither high\nnor low, His eyes give more light to us than our battle-lanterns.\n\nToward twelve there in the beams of the moon they surrender to us.\n\n36\n\nStretch'd and still lies the midnight, Two great hulls motionless on the\nbreast of the darkness, Our vessel riddled and slowly sinking, preparations to\npass to the one we have conquer'd, The captain on the quarter-deck coldly\ngiving his orders through a countenance white as a sheet, Near by the corpse\nof the child that serv'd in the cabin, The dead face of an old salt with long\nwhite hair and carefully curl'd whiskers, The flames spite of all that can be\ndone flickering aloft and below, The husky voices of the two or three officers\nyet fit for duty, Formless stacks of bodies and bodies by themselves, dabs of\nflesh upon the masts and spars, Cut of cordage, dangle of rigging, slight\nshock of the soothe of waves, Black and impassive guns, litter of powder-\nparcels, strong scent, A few large stars overhead, silent and mournful\nshining, Delicate sniffs of sea-breeze, smells of sedgy grass and fields by\nthe shore, death-messages given in charge to survivors,\n\nThe hiss of the surgeon's knife, the gnawing teeth of his saw, Wheeze, cluck,\nswash of falling blood, short wild scream, and long, dull, tapering groan,\nThese so, these irretrievable.\n\n37\n\nYou laggards there on guard! look to your arms! In at the conquer'd doors they\ncrowd! I am possess'd! Embody all presences outlaw'd or suffering, See myself\nin prison shaped like another man, And feel the dull unintermitted pain, For\nme the keepers of convicts shoulder their carbines and keep watch, It is I let\nout in the morning and barr'd at night.\n\nNot a mutineer walks handcuff'd to jail but I am handcuff'd to him and walk by\nhis side, (I am less the jolly one there, and more the silent one with sweat\non my twitching lips.)\n\nNot a youngster is taken for larceny but I go up too, and am tried and\nsentenced.\n\nNot a cholera patient lies at the last gasp but I also lie at the last gasp,\nMy face is ash-color'd, my sinews gnarl, away from me people retreat.\n\nAskers embody themselves in me and I am embodied in them, I project my hat,\nsit shame-faced, and beg.\n\n38\n\nEnough! enough! enough! Somehow I have been stunn'd. Stand back! Give me a\nlittle time beyond my cuff'd head, slumbers, dreams, gaping, I discover myself\non the verse of a usual mistake.\n\nThat I could forget the mockers and insults! That I could forget the trickling\ntears and the blows of the bludgeons and hammers! That I could look with a\nseparate look on my own crucifixion and bloody crowning!\n\nI remember now, I resume the overstaid fraction, The grave of rock multiplies\nwhat has been confided to it, or to any graves, Corpses rise, gashes heal,\nfastenings roll from me.\n\nI troop forth replenish'd with supreme power, one of an average unending\nprocession, Inland and sea-coast we go, and pass all boundary lines, Our swift\nordinances on their way over the whole earth, The blossoms we wear in our hats\nthe growth of thousands of years.\n\nEleves, I salute you! come forward! Continue your annotations, continue your\nquestionings.\n\n39\n\nThe friendly and flowing savage, who is he? Is he waiting for civilization, or\npast it and mastering it?\n\nIs he some Southwesterner rais'd out-doors? is he Kanadian? Is he from the\nMississippi country? Iowa, Oregon, California? The mountains? prairie-life,\nbush-life? or sailor from the sea?\n\nWherever he goes men and women accept and desire him, They desire he should\nlike them, touch them, speak to them, stay with them.\n\nBehavior lawless as snow-flakes, words simple as grass, uncomb'd head,\nlaughter, and naivet�, Slow-stepping feet, common features, common modes and\nemanations, They descend in new forms from the tips of his fingers,\n\nThey are wafted with the odor of his body or breath, they fly out of the\nglance of his eyes.\n\n40\n\nFlaunt of the sunshine I need not your bask — lie over! You light surfaces\nonly, I force surfaces and depths also.\n\nEarth! you seem to look for something at my hands, Say, old top-knot, what do\nyou want?\n\nMan or woman, I might tell how I like you, but cannot, And might tell what it\nis in me and what it is in you, but cannot, And might tell that pining I have,\nthat pulse of my nights and days.\n\nBehold, I do not give lectures or a little charity, When I give I give myself.\n\nYou there, impotent, loose in the knees, Open your scarf'd chops till I blow\ngrit within you, Spread your palms and life the flaps of your pockets, I am\nnot to be denied, I compel, I have stores plenty and to spare, And any thing I\nhave I bestow.\n\nI do not ask who you are, that is not important to me, You can do nothing and\nbe nothing but what I will infold you.\n\nTo cotton-field drudge or cleaner of privies I lean, On his right cheek I put\nthe family kiss, And in my soul I swear I never will deny him.\n\nOn women fit for conception I start bigger and nimbler babes, (This day I am\njetting the stuff of far more arrogant republics.)\n\nTo any one dying, thither I speed and twist the knob of the door,\n\nTurn the bed-clothes toward the foot of the bed, Let the physician and the\npriest go home.\n\nI seize the descending man and raise him with resistless will, O despairer,\nhere is my neck, By God, you shall not go down! hang your whole weight upon\nme.\n\nI dilate you with tremendous breath, I buoy you up, Every room of the house do\nI fill with an arm'd force, Lovers of me, bafflers of graves.\n\nSleep — I and they keep guard all night, Not doubt, not disease shall dare to\nlay finger upon you, I have embraced you, and henceforth possess you to\nmyself, And when you rise in the morning you will find what I tell you is so.\n\n41\n\nI am he bringing help for the sick as they pant on their backs, And for strong\nupright men I bring yet more needed help.\n\nI heard what was said of the universe, Heard it and heard it of several\nthousand years; It is middling well as far as it goes — but is that all?\n\nMagnifying and applying come I, Outbidding at the start the old cautious\nhucksters, Taking myself the exact dimensions of Jehovah, Lithographing\nKronos, Zeus his son, and Hercules his grandson, Buying drafts of Osiris,\nIsis, Belus, Brahma, Buddha, In my portfolio placing Manito loose, Allah on a\nleaf, the crucifix engraved, With Odin and the hideous-faced Mexitli and every\nidol and image, Taking them all for what they are worth and not a cent more,\nAdmitting they were alive and did the work of their days, (They bore mites as\nfor unfledg'd birds who have now to rise and fly and sing for themselves,)\n\nAccepting the rough deific sketches to fill out better in myself, bestowing\nthem freely on each man and woman I see, Discovering as much or more in a\nframer framing a house, Putting higher claims for him there with his roll'd-up\nsleeves driving the mallet and chisel, Not objecting to special revelations,\nconsidering a curl of smoke or a hair on the back of my hand just as curious\nas any revelation, Lads ahold of fire-engines and hook-and-ladder ropes no\nless to me than the gods of the antique wars, Minding their voices peal\nthrough the crash of destruction, Their brawny limbs passing safe over charr'd\nlaths, their white foreheads whole and unhurt out of the flames; By the\nmechanic's wife with her babe at her nipple interceding for every person born,\nThree scythes at harvest whizzing in a row from three lusty angels with shirts\nbagg'd out at their waists, The snag-tooth'd hostler with red hair redeeming\nsins past and to come, Selling all he possesses, traveling on foot to fee\nlawyers for his brother and sit by him while he is tried for forgery; What was\nstrewn in the amplest strewing the square rod about me, and not filling the\nsquare rod then, The bull and the bug never worshipp'd half enough, Dung and\ndirt more admirable than was dream'd, The supernatural of no account, myself\nwaiting my time to be one of the supremes, The day getting ready for me when I\nshall do as much good as the best, and be as prodigious; By my life-lumps!\nbecoming already a creator, Putting myself here and now to the ambush'd womb\nof the shadows.\n\n42\n\nA call in the midst of the crowd, My own voice, orotund sweeping and final.\n\nCome my children, Come my boys and girls, my women, household and intimates,\n\nNow the performer launches his nerve, he has pass'd his prelude on the reeds\nwithin.\n\nEasily written loose-finger'd chords — I feel the thrum of your climax and\nclose.\n\nMy head slues round on my neck, Music rolls, but not from the organ, Folks are\naround me, but they are no household of mine.\n\nEver the hard unsunk ground, Ever the eaters and drinkers, ever the upward and\ndownward sun, ever the air and the ceaseless tides, Ever myself and my\nneighbors, refreshing, wicked, real, Ever the old inexplicable query, ever\nthat thorn'd thumb, that breath of itches and thirsts, Ever the vexer's hoot!\nhoot! till we find where the sly one hides and bring him forth, Ever love,\never the sobbing liquid of life, Ever the bandage under the chin, ever the\ntrestles of death.\n\nHere and there with dimes on the eyes walking, To feed the greed of the belly\nthe brains liberally spooning, Tickets buying, taking, selling, but in to the\nfeast never once going, Many sweating, ploughing, thrashing, and then the\nchaff for payment receiving, A few idly owning, and they the wheat continually\nclaiming.\n\nThis is the city and I am one of the citizens, Whatever interests the rest\ninterests me, politics, wars, markets, newspapers, schools, The mayor and\ncouncils, banks, tariffs, steamships, factories, stocks, stores, real estate\nand personal estate.\n\nThe little plentiful manikins skipping around in collars and tail'd coats, I\nam aware who they are, (they are positively not worms or fleas,) I acknowledge\nthe duplicates of myself, the weakest and shallowest is deathless with me,\n\nWhat I do and say the same waits for them, Every thought that flounders in me\nthe same flounders in them.\n\nI know perfectly well my own egotism, Know my omnivorous lines and must not\nwrite any less, And would fetch you whoever you are flush with myself.\n\nNot words of routine this song of mine, But abruptly to question, to leap\nbeyond yet nearer bring; This printed and bound book — but the printer and the\nprinting-office boy? The well-taken photographs — but your wife or friend\nclose and solid in your arms? The black ship mail'd with iron, her mighty guns\nin her turrets — but the pluck of the captain and engineers? In the houses the\ndishes and fare and furniture — but the host and hostess, and the look out of\ntheir eyes? The sky up there — yet here or next door, or across the way? The\nsaints and sages in history — but you yourself? Sermons, creeds, theology —\nbut the fathomless human brain, And what is reason? and what is love? and what\nis life?\n\n43\n\nI do not despise you priests, all time, the world over, My faith is the\ngreatest of faiths and the least of faiths, Enclosing worship ancient and\nmodern and all between ancient and modern, Believing I shall come again upon\nthe earth after five thousand years, Waiting responses from oracles, honoring\nthe gods, saluting the sun, Making a fetich of the first rock or stump,\npowowing with sticks in the circle of obis, Helping the llama or brahmin as he\ntrims the lamps of the idols, Dancing yet through the streets in a phallic\nprocession, rapt and austere in the woods a gymnosophist, Drinking mead from\nthe skull-cup, to Shastas and Vedas admirant, minding the Koran,\n\nWalking the teokallis, spotted with gore from the stone and knife, beating the\nserpent-skin drum, Accepting the Gospels, accepting him that was crucified,\nknowing assuredly that he is divine, To the mass kneeling or the puritan's\nprayer rising, or sitting patiently in a pew, Ranting and frothing in my\ninsane crisis, or waiting dead-like till my spirit arouses me, Looking forth\non pavement and land, or outside of pavement and land, Belonging to the\nwinders of the circuit of circuits.\n\nOne of that centripetal and centrifugal gang I turn and talk like a man\nleaving charges before a journey.\n\nDown-hearted doubters dull and excluded, Frivolous, sullen, moping, angry,\naffected, dishearten'd, atheistical, I know every one of you, I know the sea\nof torment, doubt, despair and unbelief.\n\nHow the flukes splash! How they contort rapid as lightning, with spasms and\nspouts of blood!\n\nBe at peace bloody flukes of doubters and sullen mopers, I take my place among\nyou as much as among any, The past is the push of you, me, all, precisely the\nsame, And what is yet untried and afterward is for you, me, all precisely the\nsame.\n\nI do not know what is untried and afterward, But I know it will in its turn\nprove sufficient, and cannot fail.\n\nEach who passes is consider'd, each who stops is consider'd, not a single one\ncan it fail.\n\nIt cannot fail the young man who died and was buried, Nor the young woman who\ndied and was put by his side, Nor the little child that peep'd in at the door,\nand then drew back and was never seen again,\n\nNor the old man who has lived without purpose, and feels it with bitterness\nworse than gall, Nor him in the poor house tubercled by rum and the bad\ndisorder, Nor the numberless slaughter'd and wreck'd, nor the brutish koboo\ncall'd the ordure of humanity, Nor the sacs merely floating with open mouths\nfor food to slip in, Nor any thing in the earth, or down in the oldest graves\nof the earth, Nor any thing in the myriads of spheres, nor the myriads of\nmyriads that inhabit them, Nor the present, nor the least wisp that is known.\n\n44\n\nIt is time to explain myself — let us stand up.\n\nWhat is known I strip away, I launch all men and women forward with me into\nthe Unknown.\n\nThe clock indicates the moment — but what does eternity indicate?\n\nWe have thus far exhausted trillions of winters and summers, There are\ntrillions ahead, and trillions ahead of them.\n\nBirths have brought us richness and variety, And other births will bring us\nrichness and variety.\n\nI do not call one greater and one smaller, That which fills its period and\nplace is equal to any.\n\nWere mankind murderous or jealous upon you, my brother, my sister? I am sorry\nfor you, they are not murderous or jealous upon me, All has been gentle with\nme, I keep no account with lamentation, (What have I to do with lamentation?)\n\nI am an acme of things accomplish'd, and I an encloser of things to be.\n\nMy feet strike an apex of the apices of the stairs, On every step bunches of\nages, and larger bunches between the steps, All below duly travel'd, and still\nI mount and mount.\n\nRise after rise bow the phantoms behind me, Afar down I see the huge first\nNothing, I know I was even there, I waited unseen and always, and slept\nthrough the lethargic mist, And took my time, and took no hurt from the fetid\ncarbon.\n\nLong I was hugg'd close — long and long.\n\nImmense have been the preparations for me, Faithful and friendly the arms that\nhave help'd me.\n\nCycles ferried my cradle, rowing and rowing like cheerful boatmen, For room to\nme stars kept aside in their own rings, They sent influences to look after\nwhat was to hold me.\n\nBefore I was born out of my mother generations guided me, My embryo has never\nbeen torpid, nothing could overlay it.\n\nFor it the nebula cohered to an orb, The long slow strata piled to rest it on,\nVast vegetables gave it sustenance, Monstrous sauroids transported it in their\nmouths and deposited it with care.\n\nAll forces have been steadily employ'd to complete and delight me, Now on this\nspot I stand with my robust soul.\n\n45\n\nO span of youth! ever-push'd elasticity! O manhood, balanced, florid and full.\n\nMy lovers suffocate me, Crowding my lips, thick in the pores of my skin,\nJostling me through streets and public halls, coming naked to me at night,\nCrying by day Ahoy! from the rocks of the river, swinging and chirping over my\nhead, Calling my name from flower-beds, vines, tangled underbrush, Lighting on\nevery moment of my life, Bussing my body with soft balsamic busses,\nNoiselessly passing handfuls out of their hearts and giving them to be mine.\n\nOld age superbly rising! O welcome, ineffable grace of dying days!\n\nEvery condition promulges not only itself, it promulges what grows after and\nout of itself, And the dark hush promulges as much as any.\n\nI open my scuttle at night and see the far-sprinkled systems, And all I see\nmultiplied as high as I can cipher edge but the rim of the farther systems.\n\nWider and wider they spread, expanding, always expanding, Outward and outward\nand forever outward.\n\nMy sun has his sun and round him obediently wheels, He joins with his partners\na group of superior circuit, And greater sets follow, making specks of the\ngreatest inside them.\n\nThere is no stoppage and never can be stoppage, If I, you, and the worlds, and\nall beneath or upon their surfaces, were this moment reduced back to a pallid\nfloat, it would not avail in the long run, We should surely bring up again\nwhere we now stand, And surely go as much farther, and then farther and\nfarther.\n\nA few quadrillions of eras, a few octillions of cubic leagues, do not hazard\nthe span or make it impatient, They are but parts, any thing is but a part.\n\nSee ever so far, there is limitless space outside of that, Count ever so much,\nthere is limitless time around that.\n\nMy rendezvous is appointed, it is certain, The Lord will be there and wait\ntill I come on perfect terms, The great Camerado, the lover true for whom I\npine will be there.\n\n46\n\nI know I have the best of time and space, and was never measured and never\nwill be measured.\n\nI tramp a perpetual journey, (come listen all!) My signs are a rain-proof\ncoat, good shoes, and a staff cut from the woods, No friend of mine takes his\nease in my chair, I have no chair, no church, no philosophy, I lead no man to\na dinner-table, library, exchange, But each man and each woman of you I lead\nupon a knoll, My left hand hooking you round the waist, My right hand pointing\nto landscapes of continents and the public road.\n\nNot I, not any one else can travel that road for you, You must travel it for\nyourself.\n\nIt is not far, it is within reach, Perhaps you have been on it since you were\nborn and did not know, Perhaps it is everywhere on water and on land.\n\nShoulder your duds dear son, and I will mine, and let us hasten forth,\nWonderful cities and free nations we shall fetch as we go.\n\nIf you tire, give me both burdens, and rest the chuff of your hand on my hip,\nAnd in due time you shall repay the same service to me, For after we start we\nnever lie by again.\n\nThis day before dawn I ascended a hill and look'd at the crowded heaven, And I\nsaid to my spirit When we become the enfolders of those orbs, and the pleasure\nand knowledge of every thing in them, shall we be fill'd and satisfied then?\nAnd my spirit said No, we but level that lift to pass and continue beyond.\n\nYou are also asking me questions and I hear you, I answer that I cannot\nanswer, you must find out for yourself.\n\nSit a while dear son, Here are biscuits to eat and here is milk to drink, But\nas soon as you sleep and renew yourself in sweet clothes, I kiss you with a\ngood-by kiss and open the gate for your egress hence.\n\nLong enough have you dream'd contemptible dreams, Now I wash the gum from your\neyes, You must habit yourself to the dazzle of the light and of every moment\nof your life.\n\nLong have you timidly waded holding a plank by the shore, Now I will you to be\na bold swimmer, To jump off in the midst of the sea, rise again, nod to me,\nshout, and laughingly dash with your hair.\n\n47\n\nI am the teacher of athletes, He that by me spreads a wider breast than my own\nproves the width of my own, He most honors my style who learns under it to\ndestroy the teacher.\n\nThe boy I love, the same becomes a man not through derived power, but in his\nown right, Wicked rather than virtuous out of conformity or fear, Fond of his\nsweetheart, relishing well his steak, Unrequited love or a slight cutting him\nworse than sharp steel cuts,\n\nFirst-rate to ride, to fight, to hit the bull's eye, to sail a skiff, to sing\na song or play on the banjo, Preferring scars and the beard and faces pitted\nwith small-pox over all latherers, And those well-tann'd to those that keep\nout of the sun.\n\nI teach straying from me, yet who can stray from me? I follow you whoever you\nare from the present hour, My words itch at your ears till you understand\nthem.\n\nI do not say these things for a dollar or to fill up the time while I wait for\na boat, (It is you talking just as much as myself, I act as the tongue of you,\nTied in your mouth, in mine it begins to be loosen'd.)\n\nI swear I will never again mention love or death inside a house, And I swear I\nwill never translate myself at all, only to him or her who privately stays\nwith me in the open air.\n\nIf you would understand me go to the heights or water-shore, The nearest gnat\nis an explanation, and a drop or motion of waves a key, The maul, the oar, the\nhand-saw, second my words.\n\nNo shutter'd room or school can commune with me, But roughs and little\nchildren better than they.\n\nThe young mechanic is closest to me, he knows me well, The woodman that takes\nhis axe and jug with him shall take me with him all day, The farm-boy\nploughing in the field feels good at the sound of my voice, In vessels that\nsail my words sail, I go with fishermen and seamen and love them.\n\nThe soldier camp'd or upon the march is mine, On the night ere the pending\nbattle many seek me, and I do not fail them,\n\nOn that solemn night (it may be their last) those that know me seek me.\n\nMy face rubs to the hunter's face when he lies down alone in his blanket, The\ndriver thinking of me does not mind the jolt of his wagon, The young mother\nand old mother comprehend me, The girl and the wife rest the needle a moment\nand forget where they are, They and all would resume what I have told them.\n\n48\n\nI have said that the soul is not more than the body, And I have said that the\nbody is not more than the soul, And nothing, not God, is greater to one than\none's self is, And whoever walks a furlong without sympathy walks to his own\nfuneral drest in his shroud, And I or you pocketless of a dime may purchase\nthe pick of the earth, And to glance with an eye or show a bean in its pod\nconfounds the learning of all times, And there is no trade or employment but\nthe young man following it may become a hero, And there is no object so soft\nbut it makes a hub for the wheel'd universe, And I say to any man or woman,\nLet your soul stand cool and composed before a million universes.\n\nAnd I say to mankind, Be not curious about God, For I who am curious about\neach am not curious about God, (No array of terms can say how much I am at\npeace about God and about death.)\n\nI hear and behold God in every object, yet understand God not in the least,\nNor do I understand who there can be more wonderful than myself.\n\nWhy should I wish to see God better than this day? I see something of God each\nhour of the twenty-four, and each moment then, In the faces of men and women I\nsee God, and in my own face in the glass, I find letters from God dropt in the\nstreet, and every one is sign'd by God's name, And I leave them where they\nare, for I know that wheresoe'er I go, Others will punctually come for ever\nand ever.\n\n49\n\nAnd as to you Death, and you bitter hug of mortality, it is idle to try to\nalarm me.\n\nTo his work without flinching the accoucheur comes, I see the elder-hand\npressing receiving supporting, I recline by the sills of the exquisite\nflexible doors, And mark the outlet, and mark the relief and escape.\n\nAnd as to you Corpse I think you are good manure, but that does not offend me,\nI smell the white roses sweet-scented and growing, I reach to the leafy lips,\nI reach to the polish'd breasts of melons.\n\nAnd as to you Life I reckon you are the leavings of many deaths, (No doubt I\nhave died myself ten thousand times before.)\n\nI hear you whispering there O stars of heaven, O suns — O grass of graves — O\nperpetual transfers and promotions, If you do not say any thing how can I say\nany thing?\n\nOf the turbid pool that lies in the autumn forest, Of the moon that descends\nthe steeps of the soughing twilight, Toss, sparkles of day and dusk — toss on\nthe black stems that decay in the muck, Toss to the moaning gibberish of the\ndry limbs.\n\nI ascend from the moon, I ascend from the night, I perceive that the ghastly\nglimmer is noonday sunbeams reflected, And debouch to the steady and central\nfrom the offspring great or small.\n\n50\n\nThere is that in me — I do not know what it is — but I know it is in me.\n\nWrench'd and sweaty — calm and cool then my body becomes, I sleep — I sleep\nlong.\n\nI do not know it — it is without name — it is a word unsaid, It is not in any\ndictionary, utterance, symbol.\n\nSomething it swings on more than the earth I swing on, To it the creation is\nthe friend whose embracing awakes me.\n\nPerhaps I might tell more. Outlines! I plead for my brothers and sisters.\n\nDo you see O my brothers and sisters? It is not chaos or death — it is form,\nunion, plan — it is eternal life — it is Happiness.\n\n51\n\nThe past and present wilt — I have fill'd them, emptied them, And proceed to\nfill my next fold of the future.\n\nListener up there! what have you to confide to me? Look in my face while I\nsnuff the sidle of evening, (Talk honestly, no one else hears you, and I stay\nonly a minute longer.)\n\nDo I contradict myself? Very well then I contradict myself, (I am large, I\ncontain multitudes.)\n\nI concentrate toward them that are nigh, I wait on the door-slab.\n\nWho has done his day's work? who will soonest be through with his supper? Who\nwishes to walk with me?\n\nWill you speak before I am gone? will you prove already too late?\n\n52\n\nThe spotted hawk swoops by and accuses me, he complains of my gab and my\nloitering.\n\nI too am not a bit tamed, I too am untranslatable, I sound my barbaric yawp\nover the roofs of the world.\n\nThe last scud of day holds back for me, It flings my likeness after the rest\nand true as any on the shadow'd wilds, It coaxes me to the vapor and the dusk.\n\nI depart as air, I shake my white locks at the runaway sun, I effuse my flesh\nin eddies, and drift it in lacy jags.\n\nI bequeath myself to the dirt to grow from the grass I love, If you want me\nagain look for me under your boot-soles.\n\nYou will hardly know who I am or what I mean, But I shall be good health to\nyou nevertheless, And filter and fibre your blood.\n\nFailing to fetch me at first keep encouraged, Missing me one place search\nanother, I stop somewhere waiting for you.\n\n1855 1881\n\nOnline Source: http://www.bibliomania.com\n\nReturn to Walt Whitman\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211123025852/https://literarydevices.net/metaphor/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Examples and Definition of Metaphor",
"passages": [
"A metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike things. As a literary device, metaphor creates implicit comparisons without the express use of “like” or “as.” Metaphor is a means of asserting that two things are identical in comparison rather than just similar. This is useful in literature for using specific images or concepts to state abstract truths.",
"For example, one of the most famous metaphors in literature is featured in this line from William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet: What light through yonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet, the sun! In this metaphor, Juliet is compared to the sun. In fact, this figure of speech claims that Juliet is the sun. Of course, the reader understands that Romeo does not believe that Juliet is literally the sun. Instead, the comparison demonstrates the idea that Romeo equates Juliet with the beauty, awe, and life-giving force of the sun. To Romeo, symbolically, Juliet and the sun are the same.",
"There are many common examples of metaphor in everyday conversation and writing. Here are some well-known uses of this figure of speech:",
"Some of the most well-known lines in movies feature metaphor. Here are some memorable movie lines that showcase metaphor as an effective device:",
"Metaphor is also found in many famous examples of poetry, prose, drama, lyrics, and even clever quotations. Here are some famous examples of metaphor:",
"It can be difficult in some instances to distinguish between metaphor and simile as literary devices. Both are figures of speech designed to create comparisons. In fact, simile is a subset of metaphor. However, they are distinguished by the presence of one of two words: “like” and “as.” Metaphors create direct comparisons without using either of these words. Similes feature either like or as in making a comparison.",
"A good example to distinguish between these two literary devices comes from the movie adaptation of the novel Forrest Gump by Winston Groom. One of the movie’s themes is based on a comparison between life and a box of chocolates. The main character, Forrest Gump, quotes his mother: “Life is like a box of chocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.” In this case, the comparison between life and a box of chocolates is a simile due to the presence of the word like.",
"In a different scene, the audience hears Forrest’s mother say: “Life is a box of chocolates, Forrest. You never know what you’re going to get.” This comparison is a metaphor due to the absence of the word like (or as). Both quotes feature comparative figures of speech. However, the uses of metaphor and simile create subtle differences in the meaning of comparing life to a box of chocolates.",
"Overall, as a literary device, metaphor functions as a means of creating a direct comparison between two seemingly different things. This is effective for readers in that metaphor can create an association between two dissimilar entities or ideas that, as a result of the metaphor, illuminate each other and deepen the meaning of both. Metaphor is an essential figure of speech for writers of both poetry and prose.",
"It’s important that writers construct proper metaphors so that the comparative meaning is not lost for the reader. In fact, metaphors are dependent on the understandable combination of a principal term and a secondary term. The principal term conveys the concrete or literal entity, and the secondary term is used figuratively to add meaning. For example, in the metaphor “the car was a lemon,” the principal term is “car” and the secondary term is “lemon.” The use of lemon adds figurative meaning for the car.",
"Metaphors allow writers to create imagery for readers that is limited by description alone. In other words, an effective metaphor eliminates the need for excessive explanation or description on the part of the writer. Instead, by implicitly comparing two different things, an image is created for the reader to allow for greater meaning and understanding. This imagery is a powerful result of using metaphor as a literary device.",
"When writers utilize metaphor as a literary device, it often causes the reader to think about the “logic” or truth in such a comparison. These thoughts, in turn, may evoke emotion in the reader with a successful metaphor through the realization that the comparison is valid. This is especially effective in poetry as a means of portraying truths in a lyrical yet concise manner.",
"Metaphor is a very effective literary device. Here are some examples of metaphor and how it adds to the significance of well-known literary works:",
"Hughes utilizes a second metaphor in the second stanza for life without dreams. In this case, when dreams go, life is a “barren field frozen with snow.” This metaphor creates a comparison between life and an empty, frozen wasteland. Therefore, due to Hughes’s use of metaphor as a literary device in this poem, life becomes death and a burial ground without dreams."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Metaphor - Examples and Definition of Metaphor\n\nLiterary Devices\n\nDefinition and Examples of Literary Terms\n\n# Metaphor\n\n## Definition of Metaphor\n\nA metaphor is a figure of speech that makes a comparison between two unlike\nthings. As a literary device, metaphor creates implicit comparisons without\nthe express use of “like” or “as.” Metaphor is a means of asserting that two\nthings are identical in comparison rather than just similar. This is useful in\nliterature for using specific images or concepts to state abstract truths.\n\nFor example, one of the most famous metaphors in literature is featured in\nthis line from William Shakespeare’s Romeo and Juliet: What light through\nyonder window breaks? It is the East, and Juliet, the sun! In this metaphor,\nJuliet is compared to the sun. In fact, this figure of speech claims that\nJuliet is the sun. Of course, the reader understands that Romeo does not\nbelieve that Juliet is literally the sun. Instead, the comparison demonstrates\nthe idea that Romeo equates Juliet with the beauty, awe, and life-giving force\nof the sun. To Romeo, symbolically, Juliet and the sun are the same.\n\n## Common Examples of Metaphor\n\nThere are many common examples of metaphor in everyday conversation and\nwriting. Here are some well-known uses of this figure of speech:\n\n * Laughter is the best medicine.\n * She is just a late bloomer.\n * Is there a black sheep in your family?\n * His heart of stone surprised me.\n * I smell success in this building.\n * He’s buried in a sea of paperwork.\n * There is a weight on my shoulder.\n * Time is money.\n * No man is an island.\n * That actor is a tall drink of water.\n * Age is a state of mind.\n * Last night I slept the sleep of the dead.\n * The new parents had stars in their eyes.\n * The criminal has blood on his hands.\n * There is a garden in her face.\n * Our family is a patchwork quilt.\n * She has been living in a bubble.\n * Your argument is a slippery slope.\n * We found it under a blanket of sand.\n * I’m pleased to meet your better half.\n\n## Examples of Metaphor in Movie Lines\n\nSome of the most well-known lines in movies feature metaphor. Here are some\nmemorable movie lines that showcase metaphor as an effective device:\n\n * A Dream is a wish your heart makes. (Walt Disney’s Cinderella)\n * The rain on my car is a baptism. (Say Anything)\n * Life is pain, highness. Anyone who says differently is selling something. (The Princess Bride)\n * Fasten your seat-belts; it’s going to be a bumpy night. (All About Eve)\n * Life is a cabaret, old chum. (Cabaret)\n * Say ‘hello’ to my little friend. (Scarface)\n * It was beauty killed the beast. (King Kong)\n * Hell is a teenage girl. (Jennifer’s Body)\n * You sit on a throne of lies. (Elf)\n * I drink your milkshake. (There Will Be Blood)\n\n## Famous Examples of Metaphor\n\nMetaphor is also found in many famous examples of poetry, prose, drama,\nlyrics, and even clever quotations. Here are some famous examples of metaphor:\n\n * Your heart is my piñata. (Chuck Palahniuk)\n * Life is a highway. (Tom Cochrane)\n * For woman is yin, the darkness within, where untempered passions lie. (Amy Tan)\n * Love is a battlefield. (Pat Benatar)\n * Each friend represents a world in us. (Anais Nin)\n * You are sunlight and I moon. (Miss Saigon)\n * If music be the food of love, play on (William Shakespeare)\n * Adults are just obsolete children and the hell with them. (Dr. Seuss)\n * Time is a drug. Too much of it kills you. (Terry Pratchet)\n * hope is the thing with feathers (Emily Dickinson)\n\n## Difference Between Metaphor and Simile\n\nIt can be difficult in some instances to distinguish between metaphor and\nsimile as literary devices. Both are figures of speech designed to create\ncomparisons. In fact, simile is a subset of metaphor. However, they are\ndistinguished by the presence of one of two words: “like” and “as.” Metaphors\ncreate direct comparisons without using either of these words. Similes feature\neither like or as in making a comparison.\n\nA good example to distinguish between these two literary devices comes from\nthe movie adaptation of the novel Forrest Gump by Winston Groom. One of the\nmovie’s themes is based on a comparison between life and a box of chocolates.\nThe main character, Forrest Gump, quotes his mother: “Life is like a box of\nchocolates. You never know what you’re going to get.” In this case, the\ncomparison between life and a box of chocolates is a simile due to the\npresence of the word like.\n\nIn a different scene, the audience hears Forrest’s mother say: “Life is a box\nof chocolates, Forrest. You never know what you’re going to get.” This\ncomparison is a metaphor due to the absence of the word like (or as). Both\nquotes feature comparative figures of speech. However, the uses of metaphor\nand simile create subtle differences in the meaning of comparing life to a box\nof chocolates.\n\n## Writing Metaphor\n\nOverall, as a literary device, metaphor functions as a means of creating a\ndirect comparison between two seemingly different things. This is effective\nfor readers in that metaphor can create an association between two dissimilar\nentities or ideas that, as a result of the metaphor, illuminate each other and\ndeepen the meaning of both. Metaphor is an essential figure of speech for\nwriters of both poetry and prose.\n\nIt’s important that writers construct proper metaphors so that the comparative\nmeaning is not lost for the reader. In fact, metaphors are dependent on the\nunderstandable combination of a principal term and a secondary term. The\nprincipal term conveys the concrete or literal entity, and the secondary term\nis used figuratively to add meaning. For example, in the metaphor “the car was\na lemon,” the principal term is “car” and the secondary term is “lemon.” The\nuse of lemon adds figurative meaning for the car.\n\nHere are some ways that writers benefit from incorporating metaphor into their\nwork:\n\n### Create Imagery\n\nMetaphors allow writers to create imagery for readers that is limited by\ndescription alone. In other words, an effective metaphor eliminates the need\nfor excessive explanation or description on the part of the writer. Instead,\nby implicitly comparing two different things, an image is created for the\nreader to allow for greater meaning and understanding. This imagery is a\npowerful result of using metaphor as a literary device.\n\n### Evoke Thought and Emotion\n\nWhen writers utilize metaphor as a literary device, it often causes the reader\nto think about the “logic” or truth in such a comparison. These thoughts, in\nturn, may evoke emotion in the reader with a successful metaphor through the\nrealization that the comparison is valid. This is especially effective in\npoetry as a means of portraying truths in a lyrical yet concise manner.\n\n## Examples of Metaphor in Literature\n\nMetaphor is a very effective literary device. Here are some examples of\nmetaphor and how it adds to the significance of well-known literary works:\n\n### Example 1: Fire and Ice (Robert Frost)\n\n> Some say the world will end in fire,\n>\n> Some say in ice.\n>\n> From what I’ve tasted of desire\n>\n> I hold with those who favor fire.\n>\n> But if it had to perish twice,\n>\n> I think I know enough of hate\n>\n> To say that for destruction ice\n>\n> Is also great\n>\n> And would suffice.\n\nIn this poem, Frost compares end-of-world destructive forces to both fire and\nice. These are metaphors that serve as figures of speech in the sense that the\npoet does not literally mean that the world will end because of fire and ice.\nInstead, fire represents destructive forces associated with desire, such as\npower, jealousy, and anger. Similarly, ice represents destructive forces\nassociated with hate, such as prejudice, hostility, and isolation. These\nmetaphors are an effective literary device in that it causes the reader to\nconsider that desire and hatred are as destructive as fire and ice.\n\n### Example 2: Dreams (Langston Hughes)\n\n> Hold fast to dreams\n>\n> For if dreams die\n>\n> Life is a broken-winged bird\n>\n> That cannot fly.\n>\n> Hold fast to dreams\n>\n> For when dreams go\n>\n> Life is a barren field\n>\n> Frozen with snow.\n\nIn this poem, Hughes utilizes metaphor to compare life to a broken-winged bird\nand a barren field as consequences to the loss of dreams. In the first stanza,\nHughes claims that if dreams die then life is a “broken-winged bird that\ncannot fly.” This is a significant use of metaphor in that it characterizes\nlife without dreams as something fragile that has been irreparably harmed. The\nmetaphor creates an image for the reader of a bird that is wounded, grounded,\nand unable to reach its purpose or potential. If life is this bird, then,\nwithout dreams, it is also wounded, grounded, and thwarted in purpose.\n\nHughes utilizes a second metaphor in the second stanza for life without\ndreams. In this case, when dreams go, life is a “barren field frozen with\nsnow.” This metaphor creates a comparison between life and an empty, frozen\nwasteland. Therefore, due to Hughes’s use of metaphor as a literary device in\nthis poem, life becomes death and a burial ground without dreams.\n\n### Example 3: since feeling is first (E.E. Cummings)\n\n> we are for eachother: then laugh, leaning back in my arms for life’s not a\n> paragraph\n>\n> And death i think is no parenthesis\n\nIn this poem, Cummings uses metaphor in a clever way to compare life and death\nto the constraints of a writing formality and punctuation. In fact, it is a\nnegative comparison in the sense that the poet states life is “not” a\nparagraph and death is “no” parenthesis. The use of metaphor as a literary\ndevice in this work is both poetic and self-reflexive in significance. The\nmetaphors for life and death are poetic because the poet is showcasing that\nlife and death are concepts too monumental to be “contained” in writing or\n“enclosed” by punctuation (paragraph and parenthesis). Yet, the metaphors are\nalso self-reflexive in that the comparisons of life and death are\nsimultaneously “contained” in and “enclosed” by the poem itself.\n\n#### Related posts:\n\n * 200 Short and Sweet Metaphor Examples\n * 5 Metaphors in Harry Potter\n * 10 Great Metaphors from Popular Music\n * Top 6 Great Metaphors in Presidential Speeches\n * Famous Metaphors in The Bible\n * Famous Metaphors from Athletes, Artists, and Authors\n * Brevity is the Soul of Wit\n * The Fault, Dear Brutus\n * A Rose by any Other Name\n * Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night\n * Miles to Go Before I Sleep\n * All the World’s a Stage\n * To Be Great is to Be Misunderstood\n * To Sleep, Perchance to Dream\n * Hamlet Act-I, Scene-I Study Guide\n * Heavy is The Head That Wears The Crown\n * Star-crossed Lovers\n * The Quality of Mercy is Not Strain’d\n * There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men\n * A Thing of Beauty is a Joy For Ever\n * The Winter of Our Discontent\n * Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow\n * Silence is Golden\n * Every Cloud has a Silver Lining\n * Raining Cats and Dogs\n * You Are What You Eat\n * Romeo and Juliet Metaphor\n * Metaphors in Movies\n * 10 Great Metaphors from Popular 2000’s Songs\n\n### Post navigation\n\n← Fra Lippo Lippi\n\nRepetition →\n\n#### You may also like\n\n 1. 200 Short and Sweet Metaphor Examples\n 2. 5 Metaphors in Harry Potter\n 3. 10 Great Metaphors from Popular Music\n 4. Top 6 Great Metaphors in Presidential Speeches\n 5. Famous Metaphors in The Bible\n 6. Famous Metaphors from Athletes, Artists, and Authors\n 7. Brevity is the Soul of Wit\n 8. The Fault, Dear Brutus\n 9. A Rose by any Other Name\n 10. Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night\n 11. Miles to Go Before I Sleep\n 12. All the World’s a Stage\n 13. To Be Great is to Be Misunderstood\n 14. To Sleep, Perchance to Dream\n 15. Hamlet Act-I, Scene-I Study Guide\n 16. Heavy is The Head That Wears The Crown\n 17. Star-crossed Lovers\n 18. The Quality of Mercy is Not Strain’d\n 19. There is a Tide in the Affairs of Men\n 20. A Thing of Beauty is a Joy For Ever\n 21. The Winter of Our Discontent\n 22. Tomorrow, and tomorrow, and tomorrow\n 23. Silence is Golden\n 24. Every Cloud has a Silver Lining\n 25. Raining Cats and Dogs\n 26. You Are What You Eat\n 27. Romeo and Juliet Metaphor\n 28. Metaphors in Movies\n 29. 10 Great Metaphors from Popular 2000’s Songs\n\n#### Popular Literary Devices\n\nView Full List of Literary Devices\n\n * Ad Hominem\n * Adage\n * Allegory\n * Alliteration\n * Allusion\n * Ambiguity\n * Anachronism\n * Anagram\n * Analogy\n * Anapest\n * Anaphora\n * Anecdote\n * Antagonist\n * Antecedent\n * Antimetabole\n * Antithesis\n * Aphorism\n * Aposiopesis\n * Apostrophe\n * Archaism\n * Archetype\n * Argument\n * Assonance\n * Biography\n * Cacophony\n * Cadence\n * Caricature\n * Catharsis\n * Characterization\n * Cliché\n * Climax\n * Colloquialism\n * Comparison\n * Conflict\n * Connotation\n * Consonance\n * Denotation\n * Deus Ex Machina\n * Dialect\n * Dialogue\n * Diction\n * Didacticism\n * Discourse\n * Doppelganger\n * Double Entendre\n * Ellipsis\n * Epiphany\n * Epitaph\n * Essay\n * Ethos\n * Eulogy\n * Euphemism\n * Evidence\n * Exposition\n * Fable\n * Fallacy\n * Flash Forward\n * Foil\n * Foreshadowing\n * Foreword\n * Genre\n * Haiku\n * Half Rhyme\n * Homage\n * Hubris\n * Hyperbaton\n * Hyperbole\n * Idiom\n * Imagery\n * Induction\n * Inference\n * Innuendo\n * Internal Rhyme\n * Irony\n * Jargon\n * Juxtaposition\n * Limerick\n * Line Break\n * Logos\n * Meiosis\n * Memoir\n * Metaphor\n * Meter\n * Montage\n * Mood\n * Motif\n * Motto\n * Narrative\n * Nemesis\n * Non Sequitur\n * Ode\n * Onomatopoeia\n * Oxymoron\n * Palindrome\n * Parable\n * Paradox\n * Parallelism\n * Parataxis\n * Parody\n * Pathetic Fallacy\n * Pathos\n * Pentameter\n * Persona\n * Personification\n * Plot\n * Plot Twist\n * Poem\n * Poetic Justice\n * Point of View\n * Portmanteau\n * Propaganda\n * Prose\n * Protagonist\n * Pun\n * Red Herring\n * Repetition\n * Rhetoric\n * Rhyme\n * Rhythm\n * Sarcasm\n * Satire\n * Simile\n * Soliloquy\n * Sonnet\n * Style\n * Subtext\n * Superlative\n * Syllogism\n * Symbolism\n * Synecdoche\n * Synesthesia\n * Synonym\n * Syntax\n * Tautology\n * Theme\n * Thesis\n * Tone\n * Tragedy\n * Tragicomedy\n * Tragic Flaw\n * Transition\n * Utopia\n * Verisimilitude\n\nCopyright © 2021 Literary Devices. All Rights Reserved. - Contact Us - Privacy\nPolicy - Terms and Conditions\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20191102032234/https://www.writersdigest.com/editor-blogs/there-are-no-rules/guest-post/make-the-most-of-your-memory-10-tips-for-writing-about-your-life",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life",
"passages": [
"Today’s guest post is by Stacey Dubois, a graduate student at Tufts University, as well as an aspiring children’s/YA novelist. For more on the psychology of the creative process, visit her blog.",
"In the courtroom, witnesses pledge to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth.” An admirable goal, but a laughable one to memory researchers. Unless you’re Jill Price, a woman suffering from the first known case of hyperthymestic syndrome (“total recall”), such a feat is impossible. Why?",
"Memory is not an impartial recording device. Retrieving a memory is not like using the playback mode on a video camera, nor is it like opening a document stored on a hard drive or pulling a file from an organized cabinet. Rather, recall is a reconstructive process, one that’s subject to error, bias, and suggestion. This obviously can cause problems when the accuracy of a memory is of the utmost importance, as it is when an eyewitness sits upon the stand to testify. But the fallible nature of the human memory system can be troublesome outside of the courtroom, as well.",
"Enter memoirists. There you sit, perched on the brink of full disclosure, the story of your fascinating life taking shape on the blank page before you. Writing memoirs is challenging enough without your memory getting in the way.",
"Because memoirs are categorized as nonfiction, you intend to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and nothing but the truth,” right? But how can you be sure your words are true (and avoid controversy)? How can you tell the whole truth of your richly detailed life, when you can’t even remember what you had for breakfast yesterday? And if you aim to tell “nothing but the truth,” does that mean you can’t invent a little when certain facts escape you but are vital to the depth and/or coherence of the story?",
"I’m both a writer and a cognitive psychologist who studies memory and metamemory (knowledge of our own memories), and I’ve devised a list of 10 tips to help you make the most of your memory as you write your life story:",
"1. Utilize memory triggers. This one may seem obvious, but there’s nothing like a good, concrete trigger to get a memory flowing. Flip through photo albums and yearbooks, watch home movies, sort through old letters and e-mails you’ve saved, etc. You can even search for triggers online, including music, pictures, and videos from the era in question (one YouTube clip of Eureeka’s Castle, and half my childhood comes flooding back).",
"2. Get in the right mindset. Have you ever been told to think about something happy when you’re feeling blue? The problem with this advice is that the first thoughts and memories that come to mind often match your mood. In the scientific literature, “state-dependent” memory effects suggest that memory performance is typically best when the internal state at encoding (during the original event) is congruent with the internal state at retrieval (when you try to remember it later). So, if you’re having a down day, don’t try writing the chapter about your wedding on a Hawaiian beach at sunset. Save that section for a day when you wake up on the right side of the bed.",
"What if you’re writing about a night spent at the bar? Here’s a fun tip—have a drink first. Seriously—undergraduates almost fall out of their chairs when I recommend that, should they ever happen to study for an exam while intoxicated, they should take the exam intoxicated, as well. (There’s a caveat, of course: the best memory performance comes from a sober-sober match up!)",
"3. Reinstate the context. This is essentially the same principle as described above, but applied to the external context of the memory. Another education- related example: If you attend lectures in a particular classroom for an entire semester, your test performance should be better if your final exam is held in the same classroom, rather than a lecture hall across campus. What does this mean for memoirists? Revisiting the scenes of certain memories may be advantageous to your work—the experience will likely uncover details that would have otherwise remained buried.",
"4. Take advantage of your memory’s natural organization. Autobiographical memory is special. It comprises both episodic memory (memory for events) and semantic memory (general knowledge), but it is unique in that all of the memories are relevant to YOU. Unlike other systems of memory, autobiographical memory contributes to the formation of your sense of self. It is not simply a log of your daily activities—the memories form the story of your life. This organization is beneficial to writers, because narrative arc is an essential component of a memoir.",
"Here’s an activity to help you capitalize on this organization: on separate sheets of blank paper, make a timeline for each “sphere” of your life (school, work, family, friends, etc). Then, on each timeline, segment and label the important “periods;” separate these from each other with defining events—“turning points” such as moves, milestones, deaths, etc. (these can differ from timeline to timeline). Finally, take notes on what you remember from each period, staying completely within one sphere at a time. It’s also a good idea to make your first pass over the activity chronologically, even if you are not planning to organize your memoir that way.",
"5. Pay attention to what’s distinct. Some of our memories are hazy, fragmentary, confusing, or seemingly trivial. Yet there’s something about each one that makes it stick in our minds. Pay attention to the most distinctive, attention-grabbing elements of your memories and decide what those details say about you (or that time in your life), even if the memory itself is difficult to understand/work with. You might find that the idiosyncrasies of what you remember are useful illustrations of your personal quirks.",
"6. Leave out memories from the childhood amnesia period. Or, more accurately—don’t describe events from that period as if you remember them firsthand. The consensus among researchers is that our first explicit memories are not consolidated until the second or third year of life; so, even if you think you remember lying in your crib as a 6-month-old child, watching your mobile spin round, you shouldn’t include this in your memoir, because it will detract from your credibility.",
"7. Be a critical thinker. We’re overconfident in our memories. Period. Question yourself as you write: is what you’re saying plausible? Does it align with things you know for sure—facts about where you lived, who you knew, and what your day-to-day routine was like at the time? When in doubt, discuss the memory with friends and family members who were there. If no one can agree on what “really” happened, well ... you’re the author, so you can decide what version to tell. My advice: note that there are competing (yet equally plausible) accounts, but then describe the event as you personally remember it (because it is, after all, your story).",
"8. Use your senses. Remembering isn’t like looking at a static photograph, or even watching a video clip. Often, remembering is reliving—it’s a moving, breathing, sensory experience. The richness of such details is not only useful for distinguishing true memories from “false” memories or dreams, but also for connecting with your audience. Invite your readers into your experiences by including sensory details in your memoir. This is good practice with any type of creative writing, but memoirs are special because the perspective is uniquely yours—one grounded in flesh and blood, rather than the imagined world of a character.",
"9. It’s never too late to start keeping a journal. The writing and revision process can last months or years—and who says that nothing interesting will happen to you during that period? Make things easier on your future self by writing down all the details of important events now, in case you want to include them in your memoir later.",
"10. Strive for truth, but accept honesty. That’s cryptic, huh? Here’s what I mean: No one cares if Chuckles was really the name of the clown whose presence traumatized you at your fifth birthday party. Chuckles, Giggles, Lollipop, Snorkel—whatever name you use, it doesn’t change the integrity of your story, and that’s the important thing. This can hold for elements less trivial than names—such as date, location, dialogue, etc. Just make sure to tell your audience when you’ve knowingly entered the realm of speculation if the details and facts in question are central to the narrative arc.",
"We’ve all experienced the pitfalls of our memories, so your readers will understand that no memoirist can tell their story exactly as it happened. There is an element of fiction to every memoir, but, even if an objective “truth” is impossible, the important thing is that you give your memory a good workout during the writing process and make authenticity your ultimate goal.",
"My thanks to Stacey for such a thoughtful post on memory and memoir. Be sure to visit her blog for more on the psychology of the creative process.",
"Also, this week on Thursday, I’ll be a guest on a monthly roundtable call hosted by the National Association of Memoir Writers. Go here for more info.",
"What an excellent post full of good tips, with solid backup information and explanations. It’s fun and interesting to hear from someone who is passionate about two topics I love, writing and psychology.",
"I’ve been journaling for several years now, and have discovered looking back that it’s easy to leave out details because at the moment it’s so profound you can’t imagine forgetting the nuances of a situation, place or person I’ve met.",
"And when it comes to touching on hard topics, I prefer openness and authenticity, and know that glossing over issues is not a solution.I also respect others and want to extend some grace. So sometimes I refer to issues as a situation with so-and-so, with some other hints. That said, I do highly recommend journaling for writing practice and mental processing, and the contents of a journal truly do serve as good memory triggers later.",
"I just experienced this preparing to speak about and preview a book called \"Emotionally Healthy Spirituality\" that I had read. My journal entries about the book were quite useful in my presentation prep work.",
"I had an experience with contextual memory. A few decades ago, before my childhood was processed through therapy and writing, I visited my home town. As I drove toward it, the landscape of red dirt and wheat triggered waves of deep recognition in my body. Then, as I approached the town, the wheat mills, the familiar layout of the streets, and the Great Plains wind kicked up movies in my head. On and on this went, bits of memory, details of grade school, friends’ faces loomed before me. Music, bits of dialogue that people had said 15 years earlier floated by. It was strange, as if my cells had been stamped with these memories. I learned later as a writer to visit the places of memory, and while I was there, to write and write as fast as I could. We need to be unleashed in the first draft. Thank you for the post! I’ll be following her blog in the future. And,I’m looking forward to our NAMW roundtable on Sept. 2! –Linda Joy",
"When I was about 50 — I’m 72 now — I realized that the family history ended with me unless I wrote some of it down. I am an only child and my grandparents and parents died early. My raison d’etre was to pass on information to the four grandchildren who, at the time, were infants. It was a chathartic experience and I recommend it to anyone unless they had a traumatic childhood better left unremembered.",
"Thank you for this post. I am so thankful to have photographs and old journals to refer to as I work on my manuscript.",
"The Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance your writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to improve your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a sustainable career. Join us in NYC from August 22-25!",
"Attendees will learn how to write a dynamite query letter, tackle a one-page synopsis (for fiction) and a book proposal (for nonfiction). The instructing literary agents will also explain the importance of author platform in addition to basic etiquette in dealing with an agent and manuscript basics."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life | Writer's\nDigest\n\n### WritersDigest Sites\n\n * Writer’s Digest\n * WD University\n * 2nd Draft Critiques\n * WD Annual Conference\n * Writer’s Digest Shop\n * Script Magazine\n\nWriter's Digest\n\nRegisterLog In\n\n### Navigate\n\n * Home\n * Prompts\n\n * Poetry Prompts\n * Your Story Prompts\n * Articles\n\n * The Writer’s Dig\n * Publishing Insights\n * Poetic Asides\n * By Writing Genre\n\n * Literary Fiction\n * Young Adult/Childrens\n * Mystery/Thriller\n * Romance\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Horror\n * Spiritual\n * Humor\n * Short Story/Essay\n * Articles/Freelance\n * Memoir\n * Nonfiction\n * Poetry\n * Screenwriting\n * By Writing Goal\n\n * Get Published/Sell Your Work\n * Self-Publish\n * Build a Platform & Start Blogging\n * Promoting Your Work\n * Business Legal Matters\n * Overcoming Writer’s Block\n * Improve Writing Skills\n * Write an Article\n * Complete 1st Chapter\n * Complete 1st Draft\n * Write a Screenplay | ScriptMag\n * Sell a Script and Build a Screenwriting Career | ScriptMag\n * By Writing Level\n\n * Haven’t Written Anything Yet\n * At Work on First Draft\n * Completed Multiple Manuscripts\n * Published Author\n * Education\n\n * WD University\n * Screenwriters University\n * Writing Tutorials\n * Writing Webinars\n * Competitions\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual\n * Self-Published Books\n * Self-Published Ebooks\n * Poetry\n * Short Short Story\n * Popular Fiction\n * Thriller/Suspense\n * Mystery/Crime\n * Science Fiction/Fantasy\n * Horror\n * Romance\n * Young Adult Fiction\n * Your Story\n * Events\n\n * Writer’s Digest Annual Conference\n * Writer’s Digest Novel Writing Conference\n * Code of Conduct\n * Community\n\n * WD Forum\n * WD Author Exchange\n * Best Websites for Writers\n * The Writer’s Digest Podcast\n * Writer’s Digest Staff\n * Resources\n\n * Writing Prompts\n * Poetry Prompts\n * 2nd Draft Critique Service\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Critique Service\n * Free Writing Resources\n * Free Screenwriting Resources\n * Subscribe\n\n * Subscribe to WD Magazine\n * Renew Your Subscription\n * Give a Gift Subscription\n * Digital Editions\n * WD Weekly Newsletter\n * WD Shop\n\n * Write Better Fiction\n * Write Better Nonfiction\n * Freelance Writing\n * Get Published\n * Bundles & Kits\n * Magazine Back Issues\n\n## Character Worksheets\n\nSubscribe to our FREE email newsletter and download free character development\nworksheets!\n\n# Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your Life\n\nBy: Ben Sobieck | August 30, 2010\n\nToday’s guest post is by Stacey Dubois, a graduate student at Tufts\nUniversity, as well as an aspiring children’s/YA novelist. For more on the\npsychology of the creative process, visit her blog.\n\n—\n\nIn the courtroom, witnesses pledge to “tell the truth, the whole truth, and\nnothing but the truth.” An admirable goal, but a laughable one to memory\nresearchers. Unless you’re Jill Price, a woman suffering from the first known\ncase of hyperthymestic syndrome (“total recall”), such a feat is impossible.\nWhy?\n\nMemory is not an impartial recording device. Retrieving a memory is not like\nusing the playback mode on a video camera, nor is it like opening a document\nstored on a hard drive or pulling a file from an organized cabinet. Rather,\nrecall is a reconstructive process, one that’s subject to error, bias, and\nsuggestion. This obviously can cause problems when the accuracy of a memory is\nof the utmost importance, as it is when an eyewitness sits upon the stand to\ntestify. But the fallible nature of the human memory system can be troublesome\noutside of the courtroom, as well.\n\nEnter memoirists. There you sit, perched on the brink of full disclosure, the\nstory of your fascinating life taking shape on the blank page before you.\nWriting memoirs is challenging enough without your memory getting in the way.\n\nBecause memoirs are categorized as nonfiction, you intend to “tell the truth,\nthe whole truth, and nothing but the truth,” right? But how can you be sure\nyour words are true (and avoid controversy)? How can you tell the whole truth\nof your richly detailed life, when you can’t even remember what you had for\nbreakfast yesterday? And if you aim to tell “nothing but the truth,” does that\nmean you can’t invent a little when certain facts escape you but are vital to\nthe depth and/or coherence of the story?\n\nI’m both a writer and a cognitive psychologist who studies memory and\nmetamemory (knowledge of our own memories), and I’ve devised a list of 10 tips\nto help you make the most of your memory as you write your life story:\n\n1\\. Utilize memory triggers. This one may seem obvious, but there’s nothing\nlike a good, concrete trigger to get a memory flowing. Flip through photo\nalbums and yearbooks, watch home movies, sort through old letters and e-mails\nyou’ve saved, etc. You can even search for triggers online, including music,\npictures, and videos from the era in question (one YouTube clip of Eureeka’s\nCastle, and half my childhood comes flooding back).\n\n2\\. Get in the right mindset. Have you ever been told to think about something\nhappy when you’re feeling blue? The problem with this advice is that the first\nthoughts and memories that come to mind often match your mood. In the\nscientific literature, “state-dependent” memory effects suggest that memory\nperformance is typically best when the internal state at encoding (during the\noriginal event) is congruent with the internal state at retrieval (when you\ntry to remember it later). So, if you’re having a down day, don’t try writing\nthe chapter about your wedding on a Hawaiian beach at sunset. Save that\nsection for a day when you wake up on the right side of the bed.\n\nWhat if you’re writing about a night spent at the bar? Here’s a fun tip—have a\ndrink first. Seriously—undergraduates almost fall out of their chairs when I\nrecommend that, should they ever happen to study for an exam while\nintoxicated, they should take the exam intoxicated, as well. (There’s a\ncaveat, of course: the best memory performance comes from a sober-sober match\nup!)\n\n3\\. Reinstate the context. This is essentially the same principle as described\nabove, but applied to the external context of the memory. Another education-\nrelated example: If you attend lectures in a particular classroom for an\nentire semester, your test performance should be better if your final exam is\nheld in the same classroom, rather than a lecture hall across campus. What\ndoes this mean for memoirists? Revisiting the scenes of certain memories may\nbe advantageous to your work—the experience will likely uncover details that\nwould have otherwise remained buried.\n\n4\\. Take advantage of your memory’s natural organization. Autobiographical\nmemory is special. It comprises both episodic memory (memory for events) and\nsemantic memory (general knowledge), but it is unique in that all of the\nmemories are relevant to YOU. Unlike other systems of memory, autobiographical\nmemory contributes to the formation of your sense of self. It is not simply a\nlog of your daily activities—the memories form the story of your life. This\norganization is beneficial to writers, because narrative arc is an essential\ncomponent of a memoir.\n\nHere’s an activity to help you capitalize on this organization: on separate\nsheets of blank paper, make a timeline for each “sphere” of your life (school,\nwork, family, friends, etc). Then, on each timeline, segment and label the\nimportant “periods;” separate these from each other with defining\nevents—“turning points” such as moves, milestones, deaths, etc. (these can\ndiffer from timeline to timeline). Finally, take notes on what you remember\nfrom each period, staying completely within one sphere at a time. It’s also a\ngood idea to make your first pass over the activity chronologically, even if\nyou are not planning to organize your memoir that way.\n\n5\\. Pay attention to what’s distinct. Some of our memories are hazy,\nfragmentary, confusing, or seemingly trivial. Yet there’s something about each\none that makes it stick in our minds. Pay attention to the most distinctive,\nattention-grabbing elements of your memories and decide what those details say\nabout you (or that time in your life), even if the memory itself is difficult\nto understand/work with. You might find that the idiosyncrasies of what you\nremember are useful illustrations of your personal quirks.\n\n6\\. Leave out memories from the childhood amnesia period. Or, more\naccurately—don’t describe events from that period as if you remember them\nfirsthand. The consensus among researchers is that our first explicit memories\nare not consolidated until the second or third year of life; so, even if you\nthink you remember lying in your crib as a 6-month-old child, watching your\nmobile spin round, you shouldn’t include this in your memoir, because it will\ndetract from your credibility.\n\n7\\. Be a critical thinker. We’re overconfident in our memories. Period.\nQuestion yourself as you write: is what you’re saying plausible? Does it align\nwith things you know for sure—facts about where you lived, who you knew, and\nwhat your day-to-day routine was like at the time? When in doubt, discuss the\nmemory with friends and family members who were there. If no one can agree on\nwhat “really” happened, well ... you’re the author, so you can decide what\nversion to tell. My advice: note that there are competing (yet equally\nplausible) accounts, but then describe the event as you personally remember it\n(because it is, after all, your story).\n\n8\\. Use your senses. Remembering isn’t like looking at a static photograph, or\neven watching a video clip. Often, remembering is reliving—it’s a moving,\nbreathing, sensory experience. The richness of such details is not only useful\nfor distinguishing true memories from “false” memories or dreams, but also for\nconnecting with your audience. Invite your readers into your experiences by\nincluding sensory details in your memoir. This is good practice with any type\nof creative writing, but memoirs are special because the perspective is\nuniquely yours—one grounded in flesh and blood, rather than the imagined world\nof a character.\n\n9\\. It’s never too late to start keeping a journal. The writing and revision\nprocess can last months or years—and who says that nothing interesting will\nhappen to you during that period? Make things easier on your future self by\nwriting down all the details of important events now, in case you want to\ninclude them in your memoir later.\n\n10\\. Strive for truth, but accept honesty. That’s cryptic, huh? Here’s what I\nmean: No one cares if Chuckles was really the name of the clown whose presence\ntraumatized you at your fifth birthday party. Chuckles, Giggles, Lollipop,\nSnorkel—whatever name you use, it doesn’t change the integrity of your story,\nand that’s the important thing. This can hold for elements less trivial than\nnames—such as date, location, dialogue, etc. Just make sure to tell your\naudience when you’ve knowingly entered the realm of speculation if the details\nand facts in question are central to the narrative arc.\n\nWe’ve all experienced the pitfalls of our memories, so your readers will\nunderstand that no memoirist can tell their story exactly as it happened.\nThere is an element of fiction to every memoir, but, even if an objective\n“truth” is impossible, the important thing is that you give your memory a good\nworkout during the writing process and make authenticity your ultimate goal.\n\nAn honest memoir is an unforgettable memoir.\n\n—\n\nMy thanks to Stacey for such a thoughtful post on memory and memoir. Be sure\nto visit her blog for more on the psychology of the creative process.\n\nAlso, this week on Thursday, I’ll be a guest on a monthly roundtable call\nhosted by the National Association of Memoir Writers. Go here for more info.\n\nPhoto credit: komehachi888\n\nCATEGORIES Craft & Technique, Guest Post\n\n## About Ben Sobieck\n\nBenjamin Sobieck is a Wattpad Star and Watty Award winner. His Writer's Digest\nbooks are The Writer's Guide to Wattpad and The Writer's Guide to Weapons.\n\nHe is also the creator of The Writer's Glove and Writer's Block Coffee.\n\nSee his full bio here.\n\nView all posts by Ben Sobieck →\n\n * #### Free Writing Resources\n\n * ### Writing Fiction: 5 Tips to Get More Creative\n\n * ### 10 Situation Starters to Beat Writer’s Block\n\n * ### Free Guide to Revision Techniques for Writers\n\n * ### Plot Development: Charts and Tips for Outlining and Plotting a Novel\n\n * ### NaNoWriMo Week 1 Cheat Sheet – Character Development\n\n * ### 14 Amateur Mistakes Every Writer Should Avoid\n\n * ### Grammar Rules – Debunking 10 Grammar (and Novel Writing) Myths\n\n * ### Why a Writer Without a Deadline Is Looking For Trouble\n\n * ### Writing the Travel Essay\n\n## 5 thoughts on “Make the Most of Your Memory: 10 Tips for Writing About Your\nLife”\n\n 1. Helene Bergren September 2, 2010 at 3:43 pm\n\nWhat an excellent post full of good tips, with solid backup information and\nexplanations. It’s fun and interesting to hear from someone who is passionate\nabout two topics I love, writing and psychology.\n\nI’ve been journaling for several years now, and have discovered looking back\nthat it’s easy to leave out details because at the moment it’s so profound you\ncan’t imagine forgetting the nuances of a situation, place or person I’ve met.\n\nAnd when it comes to touching on hard topics, I prefer openness and\nauthenticity, and know that glossing over issues is not a solution.I also\nrespect others and want to extend some grace. So sometimes I refer to issues\nas a situation with so-and-so, with some other hints. That said, I do highly\nrecommend journaling for writing practice and mental processing, and the\ncontents of a journal truly do serve as good memory triggers later.\n\nI just experienced this preparing to speak about and preview a book called\n\"Emotionally Healthy Spirituality\" that I had read. My journal entries about\nthe book were quite useful in my presentation prep work.\n\nThanks for the post!\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 2. Linda Joy Myers September 1, 2010 at 5:11 am\n\nI had an experience with contextual memory. A few decades ago, before my\nchildhood was processed through therapy and writing, I visited my home town.\nAs I drove toward it, the landscape of red dirt and wheat triggered waves of\ndeep recognition in my body. Then, as I approached the town, the wheat mills,\nthe familiar layout of the streets, and the Great Plains wind kicked up movies\nin my head. On and on this went, bits of memory, details of grade school,\nfriends’ faces loomed before me. Music, bits of dialogue that people had said\n15 years earlier floated by. It was strange, as if my cells had been stamped\nwith these memories. I learned later as a writer to visit the places of\nmemory, and while I was there, to write and write as fast as I could. We need\nto be unleashed in the first draft. Thank you for the post! I’ll be following\nher blog in the future. And,I’m looking forward to our NAMW roundtable on\nSept. 2! –Linda Joy\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 3. Alex Wilson August 31, 2010 at 7:44 pm\n\nWhen I was about 50 — I’m 72 now — I realized that the family history ended\nwith me unless I wrote some of it down. I am an only child and my grandparents\nand parents died early. My raison d’etre was to pass on information to the\nfour grandchildren who, at the time, were infants. It was a chathartic\nexperience and I recommend it to anyone unless they had a traumatic childhood\nbetter left unremembered.\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 4. Christine Macdonald August 31, 2010 at 6:39 pm\n\nThank you for this post. I am so thankful to have photographs and old journals\nto refer to as I work on my manuscript.\n\n\"An honest memoir is an unforgettable memoir.\" Here here!\n\nChristine\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n 5. Sandy August 31, 2010 at 2:22 pm\n\nI write fiction, but I found this post very interesting. Thanks a bunch.\n\nLog in to Reply ↓\n\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\nThis site uses Akismet to reduce spam. Learn how your comment data is\nprocessed.\n\n### WD Annual Conference\n\nREGISTER\n\n## Join us in NYC for #WDC19!\n\nThe Writer’s Digest Annual Conference offers everything you need to advance\nyour writing career creatively and professionally. Gain invaluable tips to\nimprove your craft, explore publishing options and learn how to establish a\nsustainable career. Join us in NYC from August 22-25!\n\nRegister Today!\n\n### Online Boot Camp\n\nREGISTER\n\n## How to Craft Query Letters & Other Submission Materials That Get Noticed\nBoot Camp\n\nAttendees will learn how to write a dynamite query letter, tackle a one-page\nsynopsis (for fiction) and a book proposal (for nonfiction). The instructing\nliterary agents will also explain the importance of author platform in\naddition to basic etiquette in dealing with an agent and manuscript basics.\n\nCheck out more courses from WD University\n\n### November/December 2019 Issue\n\n## Writer's Digest Magazine\n\n * Preview the Issue\n * Buy It Here\n * Give a Gift Subscription!\n\nSave 58%!\n\nSUBSCRIBE\n\n### Online Writing Workshops\n\n * 12 Weeks to a First Draft\n * Character Development: Creating Memorable Characters\n * Writing the Picture Book\n * Copyediting Certification\n * Short Story Fundamentals\n * Form and Composition\n * Write Great Dialogue\n\nView All Online Writing Workshops\n\n### WD Forum\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAdvertisement\n\nWRITER'S DIGEST: About Us | Meet Us | Write For Us | Advertise With Us\n\nMAGAZINES: Subscribe | Renew | Current Issue | Give a Gift Subscription |\nWriter's Digest Back Issues COMPETITIONS & CONFERENCES: Competitions |\nWriter's Digest Annual Conference | Novel Writing Conference ONLINE RESOURCES:\nWritersMarket.com | WD University | Tutorials | Webinars | 2nd Draft Critiques\n| ScriptMag.com BOOKS & MORE: Writer’s Digest Shop | The Writers Store\n\nCORPORATE: Active Interest Media | Become an Affiliate | Customer Service |\nPrivacy Policy\n\n© Active Interest Media. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200804155815/https://www.nytimes.com/2014/03/30/books/review/write-what-you-know-helpful-advice-or-idle-cliche.html?_r=0",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?",
"passages": [
"Each week in Bookends, two writers take on questions about the world of books. This week, Zoë Heller and Mohsin Hamid discuss whether writers should stick to what they know.",
"I was in grade school when I first encountered the adage about writing what you know. It concluded my teacher’s tactful comments on a story I had written about an 18th-century highwayman. Stung by her tepid response, I rejected the advice out of hand. How ludicrous, I thought. How limiting! What about science fiction? What about fantasy? What about any writing that travels beyond the borders of the author’s sex or race or age?",
"Several decades on, the agony of my teacher’s criticism has somewhat abated, and I can see a little more of what she was driving at.",
"The first mistake I made as a schoolgirl was to assume I was being asked to write exclusively about things that had happened to me. In fact, the injunction is only to know; the business of how you come by your knowledge is left quite open. You can mine your own life, yes. But you can also sympathetically observe other people’s experiences. You can read and research. And you can use your imagination. What good writers know about their subjects is usually drawn from some combination of these sources. The problem with my highwayman story, it seems safe to say, was that I had drawn on none of them. It didn’t necessarily matter that I had never robbed a stagecoach. But it did matter that I had not troubled myself to find out, or even partially imagine, anything about what robbing a stagecoach might entail.",
"The other, subtler error I made — and continued to make for a long time afterward — was to suppose that translating experiential knowledge into fiction was a simple, straightforward, even banal business. For most writers, it actually takes a lot of hard work and many false starts before they are in a position to extract what is most valuable and interesting from their autobiographies.",
"In “The Enigma of Arrival,” V. S. Naipaul describes the momentous journey he made shortly before his 18th birthday, from Trinidad to England. The long voyage — Port of Spain to Puerto Rico to New York by air; New York to Southampton by ship — seemed to present rich material for his writing, and he eagerly wrote down his observations in a special writer’s diary. But years later when he came to examine this document, he saw that he had excised all the most interesting elements of what he had seen and felt, deeming them insufficiently literary — out of keeping with the “elegant, knowing, unsurprised” writer’s personality he wished to assume. The family farewell at the airport in Port of Spain; the cousin who took him aside to tell him confidentially that he should sit at the back of the plane because it was safer there; the squabble on board the ship, when a black man was assigned to his cabin and complained that they were being lumped together because they were both “colored” — all of these scenes were absent, as was any acknowledgment of his loneliness, his panic, the “rawness” of his nerves. What he had recorded instead were those incidents and bits of dialogue that seemed to confirm an idea of the grown-up world he had gathered from books and films. “So that, though traveling to write, concentrating on my experience, eager for experience, I was shutting myself off from it, editing it out of my memory.”",
"Most writers have, for reasons of diffidence, or snobbery, or fear of exposure, done the same thing at some point in their writing lives — unconsciously censored themselves and thrown out the wheat, mistaking it for nonliterary chaff. In this sense, the reminder to write what you know — what you really know, as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized version of what you know — continues to be pertinent advice, not just for 11-year-old schoolgirls, but for writers of any age.",
"Zoë Heller is the author of three novels: “Everything You Know”; “Notes on a Scandal,” which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film; and “The Believers.” She has written feature articles and criticism for a wide range of publications, including The New Yorker, The New Republic and The New York Review of Books.",
"I’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is being beheaded.",
"Writers, especially younger writers, often hear the exhortation “Write what you know.” This is understandable. Some of the best fiction ever written seems to have followed that advice.",
"Take Kenzaburo Oe’s novel “A Personal Matter.” Published in 1964, it recounts the tale of a man whose son is born with what appears to be a brain hernia; our hero’s life crumbles; he considers killing his child. In 1963, Oe’s own son was born with brain damage. So Oe does indeed seem to have written what he knew — to devastating effect. I first read the novel almost 20 years ago, and I’ve been unable to forget it. Its honesty and humanity are staggering. It has affected my own experience of being a father, demythologizing fatherhood while making the ordinary more precious.",
"Olaf Stapledon’s “Star Maker,” on the other hand, seems surely to be a case of writing what you don’t know. There is no record of Stapledon leaving the earth, traveling through space as a disembodied consciousness, encountering and melding with other life-forms and civilizations and eventually with the stars and with the universe itself. Yet that is precisely what our protagonist does in this 1937 novel, among the greatest pieces of science fiction ever written. Stapledon reaches for, and seems to touch, something that is, for lack of a better word, divine. His is a spectacular imaginative and empathetic achievement.",
"It may be that the DNA of fiction is, like our own DNA, a double helix, a two- stranded beast. One strand is born of what writers have experienced. The other is born of what writers wish to experience, of the impulse towritein order to know.",
"Fiction comes into existence when these two strands are knitted together. “A Personal Matter” differs in key elements from Oe’s own life: in its ending, for example, when we learn something about the baby’s condition that shifts our sense of what we have previously read. And “Star Maker,” an epic about the possibility for finding union at the edge of universal conflict, cannot but have sprung from Stapledon’s own experience of being in Europe after the First World War and on the eve of the Second.",
"In my own writing, I am aware of combining both strands. When asked, I usually say I don’t do much research for my fiction, I just live my life. (Which led to someone at a lecture I gave in Karachi last year inquiring, “How did you write all those drug scenes in ‘Moth Smoke,’ then?” My response: “Umm. . . . “)",
"But I also write about things I haven’t experienced. I’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is being beheaded. I write these things because I want to transcend my experiences. I want to go beyond myself. Writing isn’t just my mirror, it’s my astral projection device. I suspect it’s like that for most of us.",
"In the end, what we know isn’t a static commodity. It changes from being written about. Storytelling alters the storyteller. And a story is altered by being told.",
"A human self is made up of stories. These stories are rooted partly in experience, and partly in fantasy. The power of fiction lies in its capacity to gaze upon this odd circumstance of our existence, to allow us to play with the conundrum that we are making ourselves up as we go along.",
"Our bodies are complex biological machines. As long as they live, they create a story about themselves in order to function. We call this story the self. We believe in the reality of the story. We believe the story controls the machine. Yet we are constantly reminded that things are not so simple. We do things not in keeping with our stories, sometimes horrible things. And when we do, we say, “I wasn’t myself.”",
"Writing is a chance for the stories that are us to come to terms with their innate fiction. So write what you know. But also know you are being written.",
"Mohsin Hamid is the author of three novels: “Moth Smoke,” a finalist for the PEN/Hemingway Award; “The Reluctant Fundamentalist,” a New York Times best seller that was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film; and, most recently, “How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia.”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché? - The New York Times\n\nSkip to contentSkip to site index\n\nBook Review\n\nToday’s Paper\n\nBook Review|‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?\n\nhttps://nyti.ms/1oZU8T2\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nSupported by\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\nBookends\n\n# ‘Write What You Know’ — Helpful Advice or Idle Cliché?\n\nBy Zoe Heller and Mohsin Hamid\n\n * March 25, 2014\n\nEach week in Bookends, two writers take on questions about the world of books.\nThis week, Zoë Heller and Mohsin Hamid discuss whether writers should stick to\nwhat they know.\n\nBy Zoë Heller\n\nYou should write what you really know — as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized\nversion of what you know.\n\nI was in grade school when I first encountered the adage about writing what\nyou know. It concluded my teacher’s tactful comments on a story I had written\nabout an 18th-century highwayman. Stung by her tepid response, I rejected the\nadvice out of hand. How ludicrous, I thought. How limiting! What about science\nfiction? What about fantasy? What about any writing that travels beyond the\nborders of the author’s sex or race or age?\n\nImage\n\nZoë HellerCredit...Illustration by R. Kikuo Johnson\n\nSeveral decades on, the agony of my teacher’s criticism has somewhat abated,\nand I can see a little more of what she was driving at.\n\nThe first mistake I made as a schoolgirl was to assume I was being asked to\nwrite exclusively about things that had happened to me. In fact, the\ninjunction is only to know; the business of how you come by your knowledge is\nleft quite open. You can mine your own life, yes. But you can also\nsympathetically observe other people’s experiences. You can read and research.\nAnd you can use your imagination. What good writers know about their subjects\nis usually drawn from some combination of these sources. The problem with my\nhighwayman story, it seems safe to say, was that I had drawn on none of them.\nIt didn’t necessarily matter that I had never robbed a stagecoach. But it did\nmatter that I had not troubled myself to find out, or even partially imagine,\nanything about what robbing a stagecoach might entail.\n\nThe other, subtler error I made — and continued to make for a long time\nafterward — was to suppose that translating experiential knowledge into\nfiction was a simple, straightforward, even banal business. For most writers,\nit actually takes a lot of hard work and many false starts before they are in\na position to extract what is most valuable and interesting from their\nautobiographies.\n\nIn “The Enigma of Arrival,” V. S. Naipaul describes the momentous journey he\nmade shortly before his 18th birthday, from Trinidad to England. The long\nvoyage — Port of Spain to Puerto Rico to New York by air; New York to\nSouthampton by ship — seemed to present rich material for his writing, and he\neagerly wrote down his observations in a special writer’s diary. But years\nlater when he came to examine this document, he saw that he had excised all\nthe most interesting elements of what he had seen and felt, deeming them\ninsufficiently literary — out of keeping with the “elegant, knowing,\nunsurprised” writer’s personality he wished to assume. The family farewell at\nthe airport in Port of Spain; the cousin who took him aside to tell him\nconfidentially that he should sit at the back of the plane because it was\nsafer there; the squabble on board the ship, when a black man was assigned to\nhis cabin and complained that they were being lumped together because they\nwere both “colored” — all of these scenes were absent, as was any\nacknowledgment of his loneliness, his panic, the “rawness” of his nerves. What\nhe had recorded instead were those incidents and bits of dialogue that seemed\nto confirm an idea of the grown-up world he had gathered from books and films.\n“So that, though traveling to write, concentrating on my experience, eager for\nexperience, I was shutting myself off from it, editing it out of my memory.”\n\nMost writers have, for reasons of diffidence, or snobbery, or fear of\nexposure, done the same thing at some point in their writing lives —\nunconsciously censored themselves and thrown out the wheat, mistaking it for\nnonliterary chaff. In this sense, the reminder to write what you know — what\nyou really know, as opposed to a slick, bowdlerized version of what you know —\ncontinues to be pertinent advice, not just for 11-year-old schoolgirls, but\nfor writers of any age.\n\nZoë Heller is the author of three novels: “Everything You Know”; “Notes on a\nScandal,” which was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film;\nand “The Believers.” She has written feature articles and criticism for a wide\nrange of publications, including The New Yorker, The New Republic and The New\nYork Review of Books.\n\n◆ ◆ ◆\n\nBy Mohsin Hamid\n\nI’ve written from the point of view of a woman, of a global surveillance\nsystem, of a writer who is being beheaded.\n\nWriters, especially younger writers, often hear the exhortation “Write what\nyou know.” This is understandable. Some of the best fiction ever written seems\nto have followed that advice.\n\nImage\n\nMohsin HamidCredit...Illustration by R. Kikuo Johnson\n\nTake Kenzaburo Oe’s novel “A Personal Matter.” Published in 1964, it recounts\nthe tale of a man whose son is born with what appears to be a brain hernia;\nour hero’s life crumbles; he considers killing his child. In 1963, Oe’s own\nson was born with brain damage. So Oe does indeed seem to have written what he\nknew — to devastating effect. I first read the novel almost 20 years ago, and\nI’ve been unable to forget it. Its honesty and humanity are staggering. It has\naffected my own experience of being a father, demythologizing fatherhood while\nmaking the ordinary more precious.\n\nOlaf Stapledon’s “Star Maker,” on the other hand, seems surely to be a case of\nwriting what you don’t know. There is no record of Stapledon leaving the\nearth, traveling through space as a disembodied consciousness, encountering\nand melding with other life-forms and civilizations and eventually with the\nstars and with the universe itself. Yet that is precisely what our protagonist\ndoes in this 1937 novel, among the greatest pieces of science fiction ever\nwritten. Stapledon reaches for, and seems to touch, something that is, for\nlack of a better word, divine. His is a spectacular imaginative and empathetic\nachievement.\n\nIt may be that the DNA of fiction is, like our own DNA, a double helix, a two-\nstranded beast. One strand is born of what writers have experienced. The other\nis born of what writers wish to experience, of the impulse towritein order to\nknow.\n\nFiction comes into existence when these two strands are knitted together. “A\nPersonal Matter” differs in key elements from Oe’s own life: in its ending,\nfor example, when we learn something about the baby’s condition that shifts\nour sense of what we have previously read. And “Star Maker,” an epic about the\npossibility for finding union at the edge of universal conflict, cannot but\nhave sprung from Stapledon’s own experience of being in Europe after the First\nWorld War and on the eve of the Second.\n\nIn my own writing, I am aware of combining both strands. When asked, I usually\nsay I don’t do much research for my fiction, I just live my life. (Which led\nto someone at a lecture I gave in Karachi last year inquiring, “How did you\nwrite all those drug scenes in ‘Moth Smoke,’ then?” My response: “Umm. . . .\n“)\n\nBut I also write about things I haven’t experienced. I’ve written from the\npoint of view of a woman, of a global surveillance system, of a writer who is\nbeing beheaded. I write these things because I want to transcend my\nexperiences. I want to go beyond myself. Writing isn’t just my mirror, it’s my\nastral projection device. I suspect it’s like that for most of us.\n\nIn the end, what we know isn’t a static commodity. It changes from being\nwritten about. Storytelling alters the storyteller. And a story is altered by\nbeing told.\n\nA human self is made up of stories. These stories are rooted partly in\nexperience, and partly in fantasy. The power of fiction lies in its capacity\nto gaze upon this odd circumstance of our existence, to allow us to play with\nthe conundrum that we are making ourselves up as we go along.\n\nOur bodies are complex biological machines. As long as they live, they create\na story about themselves in order to function. We call this story the self. We\nbelieve in the reality of the story. We believe the story controls the\nmachine. Yet we are constantly reminded that things are not so simple. We do\nthings not in keeping with our stories, sometimes horrible things. And when we\ndo, we say, “I wasn’t myself.”\n\nWriting is a chance for the stories that are us to come to terms with their\ninnate fiction. So write what you know. But also know you are being written.\n\nMohsin Hamid is the author of three novels: “Moth Smoke,” a finalist for the\nPEN/Hemingway Award; “The Reluctant Fundamentalist,” a New York Times best\nseller that was shortlisted for the Man Booker Prize and adapted for film;\nand, most recently, “How to Get Filthy Rich in Rising Asia.”\n\nAdvertisement\n\nContinue reading the main story\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211204151915/http://www.shakespeares-sonnets.com/sonnet/18",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Shakespeare's Sonnets",
"passages": [
"Shall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more temperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease hath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And often is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime declines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal summer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.",
"This is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it would be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so many of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of verse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not; and the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It is noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will live as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later he apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to encompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his love, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is preserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious level of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found to be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes too dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that 'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm, sunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has been wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.",
"SHall I compare thee to a Summers day? Thou art more louely and more temperate: Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie, And Sommers lease hath all too shorte a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heauen shines, And often is his gold complexion dimm'd, And euery faire from faire some-time declines, By chance,or natures changing course vntrim'd: But thy eternall Sommer shall not fade, Nor loose possession of that faire thou ow'st, Nor shall death brag thou wandr'st in his shade, When in eternall lines to time thou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long liues this,and this giues life to thee,",
"This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song, And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as long As twenty days are now. Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.\n2. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:",
"The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described.\n3. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,",
"May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.\n4. And summer's lease hath all too short a date:",
"Legal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease is too short, and has an early termination (date).",
"Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.\n6. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,",
"his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days generally.\n7. And every fair from fair sometime declines,",
"All beautiful things (every fair) occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair). They all decline from perfection.\n8. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:",
"By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature, which are not subject to control, nature's changing course untrimmed. untrimmed - this can refer to the ballast (trimming) on a ship which keeps it stable; or to a lack of ornament and decoration. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect.\n9. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,",
"Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse.\n10. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,",
"Nor shall it (your eternal summer) lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess. By metonymy we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty'.\n11. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,",
"Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts. Shakespeare would have been familiar with this through Virgil's account of Aeneas' descent into the underworld in Aeneid Bk. VI.\n12. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,",
"in eternal lines = in the undying lines of my verse. Perhaps with a reference to progeny, and lines of descent, but it seems that the procreation theme has already been abandoned. to time thou grow'st - you keep pace with time, you grow as time grows.\n13. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,",
"For as long as humans live and breathe upon the earth, for as long as there are seeing eyes on the eart.\n14. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.",
"That is how long these verses will live, celebrating you, and continually renewing your life. But one is left with a slight residual feeling that perhaps the youth's beauty will last no longer than a summer's day, despite the poet's proud boast."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Shakespeare's Sonnets\n\n# Sonnet XVIII\n\nShall I compare thee to a summer's day? Thou art more lovely and more\ntemperate: Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May, And summer's lease\nhath all too short a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines, And\noften is his gold complexion dimmed, And every fair from fair sometime\ndeclines, By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed: But thy eternal\nsummer shall not fade, Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st, Nor shall\ndeath brag thou wander'st in his shade, When in eternal lines to time thou\ngrow'st, So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see, So long lives this, and\nthis gives life to thee.\n\nThis is one of the most famous of all the sonnets, justifiably so. But it\nwould be a mistake to take it entirely in isolation, for it links in with so\nmany of the other sonnets through the themes of the descriptive power of\nverse; the ability of the poet to depict the fair youth adequately, or not;\nand the immortality conveyed through being hymned in these 'eternal lines'. It\nis noticeable that here the poet is full of confidence that his verse will\nlive as long as there are people drawing breath upon the earth, whereas later\nhe apologises for his poor wit and his humble lines which are inadequate to\nencompass all the youth's excellence. Now, perhaps in the early days of his\nlove, there is no such self-doubt and the eternal summer of the youth is\npreserved forever in the poet's lines. The poem also works at a rather curious\nlevel of achieving its objective through dispraise. The summer's day is found\nto be lacking in so many respects (too short, too hot, too rough, sometimes\ntoo dingy), but curiously enough one is left with the abiding impression that\n'the lovely boy' is in fact like a summer's day at its best, fair, warm,\nsunny, temperate, one of the darling buds of May, and that all his beauty has\nbeen wonderfully highlighted by the comparison.\n\n## The 1609 Quarto Version\n\nSHall I compare thee to a Summers day? Thou art more louely and more\ntemperate: Rough windes do shake the darling buds of Maie, And Sommers lease\nhath all too shorte a date: Sometime too hot the eye of heauen shines, And\noften is his gold complexion dimm'd, And euery faire from faire some-time\ndeclines, By chance,or natures changing course vntrim'd: But thy eternall\nSommer shall not fade, Nor loose possession of that faire thou ow'st, Nor\nshall death brag thou wandr'st in his shade, When in eternall lines to time\nthou grow'st, So long as men can breathe or eyes can see, So long liues\nthis,and this giues life to thee,\n\n## Commentary\n\n1\\. Shall I compare thee to a summer's day?\n\n This is taken usually to mean 'What if I were to compare thee etc?' The stock comparisons of the loved one to all the beauteous things in nature hover in the background throughout. One also remembers Wordsworth's lines: We'll talk of sunshine and of song, And summer days when we were young, Sweet childish days which were as long As twenty days are now. Such reminiscences are indeed anachronistic, but with the recurrence of words such as 'summer', 'days', 'song', 'sweet', it is not difficult to see the permeating influence of the Sonnets on Wordsworth's verse.\n2\\. Thou art more lovely and more temperate:\n\n The youth's beauty is more perfect than the beauty of a summer day. more temperate - more gentle, more restrained, whereas the summer's day might have violent excesses in store, such as are about to be described.\n3\\. Rough winds do shake the darling buds of May,\n\n May was a summer month in Shakespeare's time, because the calendar in use lagged behind the true sidereal calendar by at least a fortnight. darling buds of May - the beautiful, much loved buds of the early summer; favourite flowers.\n4\\. And summer's lease hath all too short a date:\n\n \n\nLegal terminology. The summer holds a lease on part of the year, but the lease\nis too short, and has an early termination (date).\n\n5\\. Sometime too hot the eye of heaven shines,\n\n Sometime = on occasion, sometimes; the eye of heaven = the sun.\n6\\. And often is his gold complexion dimmed,\n\n his gold complexion = his (the sun's) golden face. It would be dimmed by clouds and on overcast days generally.\n7\\. And every fair from fair sometime declines,\n\n All beautiful things (every fair) occasionally become inferior in comparison with their essential previous state of beauty (from fair). They all decline from perfection.\n8\\. By chance, or nature's changing course untrimmed:\n\n By chance accidents, or by the fluctuating tides of nature, which are not subject to control, nature's changing course untrimmed. untrimmed - this can refer to the ballast (trimming) on a ship which keeps it stable; or to a lack of ornament and decoration. The greater difficulty however is to decide which noun this adjectival participle should modify. Does it refer to nature, or chance, or every fair in the line above, or to the effect of nature's changing course? KDJ adds a comma after course, which probably has the effect of directing the word towards all possible antecedents. She points out that nature's changing course could refer to women's monthly courses, or menstruation, in which case every fair in the previous line would refer to every fair woman, with the implication that the youth is free of this cyclical curse, and is therefore more perfect.\n9\\. But thy eternal summer shall not fade,\n\n Referring forwards to the eternity promised by the ever living poet in the next few lines, through his verse.\n10\\. Nor lose possession of that fair thou ow'st,\n\n Nor shall it (your eternal summer) lose its hold on that beauty which you so richly possess. ow'st = ownest, possess. By metonymy we understand 'nor shall you lose any of your beauty'.\n11\\. Nor shall death brag thou wander'st in his shade,\n\n Several half echoes here. The biblical ones are probably 'Oh death where is thy sting? Or grave thy victory?' implying that death normally boasts of his conquests over life. And Psalms 23.3.: 'Yea though I walk through the valley of the shadow of death I will fear no evil ' In classical literature the shades flitted helplessly in the underworld like gibbering ghosts. Shakespeare would have been familiar with this through Virgil's account of Aeneas' descent into the underworld in Aeneid Bk. VI.\n12\\. When in eternal lines to time thou grow'st,\n\n in eternal lines = in the undying lines of my verse. Perhaps with a reference to progeny, and lines of descent, but it seems that the procreation theme has already been abandoned. to time thou grow'st - you keep pace with time, you grow as time grows.\n13\\. So long as men can breathe, or eyes can see,\n\n For as long as humans live and breathe upon the earth, for as long as there are seeing eyes on the eart.\n14\\. So long lives this, and this gives life to thee.\n\n \n\nThat is how long these verses will live, celebrating you, and continually\nrenewing your life. But one is left with a slight residual feeling that\nperhaps the youth's beauty will last no longer than a summer's day, despite\nthe poet's proud boast.\n\nCopyright 2001-2014 © of this site belongs to Oxquarry Books Ltd\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160416145422/http://www.poetryfoundation.org:80/learning/glossary-terms?category=forms-and-types",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Glossary of Poetic Terms : Learning Lab : The Poetry Foundation",
"passages": [
"Acrostic A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word, name, or phrase when read vertically. See Lewis Carroll’s “A Boat beneath a Sunny Sky.”",
"Alexandrine In English, a 12-syllable iambic line adapted from French heroic verse. The last line of each stanza in Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the Twain” and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “To a Skylark” is an alexandrine.",
"Anagram A word spelled out by rearranging the letters of another word; for example, “The teacher gapes at the mounds of exam pages lying before her.”",
"Ars Poetica A poem that explains the “art of poetry,” or a meditation on poetry using the form and techniques of a poem. Horace’s Ars Poetica is an early example, and the foundation for the tradition. While Horace writes of the importance of delighting and instructing audiences, modernist ars poetica poets argue that poems should be written for their own sake, as art for the sake of art. Archibald MacLeish’s famous “Ars Poetica” sums up the argument: “A poem should not mean / But be.” See also Alexander Pope’s “An Essay on Criticism,” William Wordsworth’s Prelude, and Wallace Stevens’s “Of Modern Poetry.”",
"Aubade A love poem or song welcoming or lamenting the arrival of the dawn. The form originated in medieval France. See John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” and Louise Bogan’s “Leave-Taking.” Browse more aubade poems.",
"Ballad A popular narrative song passed down orally. In the English tradition, it usually follows a form of rhymed (abcb) quatrains alternating four-stress and three-stress lines. Folk (or traditional) ballads are anonymous and recount tragic, comic, or heroic stories with emphasis on a central dramatic event; examples include “Barbara Allen” and “John Henry.” Beginning in the Renaissance, poets have adapted the conventions of the folk ballad for their own original compositions. Examples of this “literary” ballad form include John Keats’s “La Belle Dame sans Merci,” Thomas Hardy’s “During Wind and Rain,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “Annabel Lee.” Browse more ballads.",
"Ballade An Old French verse form that usually consists of three eight-line stanzas and a four-line envoy, with a rhyme scheme of ababbcbc bcbc. The last line of the first stanza is repeated at the end of subsequent stanzas and the envoy. See Hilaire Belloc’s “Ballade of Modest Confession” and Algernon Charles Swinburne’s translation of François Villon’s “Ballade des Pendus” (Ballade of the Hanged).",
"Canto A long subsection of an epic or long narrative poem, such as Dante Alighieri’s Commedia (The Divine Comedy), first employed in English by Edmund Spenser in The Faerie Queene. Other examples include Lord Byron’s Don Juan and Ezra Pound’s Cantos.",
"Canzone Literally “song” in Italian, the canzone is a lyric poem originating in medieval Italy and France and usually consisting of hendecasyllabic lines with end-rhyme. The canzone influenced the development of the sonnet.",
"Carol A hymn or poem often sung by a group, with an individual taking the changing stanzas and the group taking the burden or refrain. See Robert Southwell’s “The Burning Babe”. Many traditional Christmas songs are carols, such as “I Saw Three Ships” and “The Twelve Days of Christmas.”",
"Concrete poetry Verse that emphasizes nonlinguistic elements in its meaning, such as a typeface that creates a visual image of the topic. Examples include George Herbert’s “Easter Wings” and “The Altar” and George Starbuck’s “Poem in the Shape of a Potted Christmas Tree”. Browse more concrete poems.",
"Couplet A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. A couplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a sentence (see Dorothy Parker’s “Interview”: “The ladies men admire, I’ve heard, /Would shudder at a wicked word.”). The “heroic couplet” is written in iambic pentameter and features prominently in the work of 17th- and 18th- century didactic and satirical poets such as Alexander Pope: “Some have at first for wits, then poets pass’d, /Turn’d critics next, and proved plain fools at last.” Browse more couplet poems.",
"Didactic poetry Poetry that instructs, either in terms of morals or by providing knowledge of philosophy, religion, arts, science, or skills. Although some poets believe that all poetry is inherently instructional, didactic poetry separately refers to poems that contain a clear moral or message or purpose to convey to its readers. John Milton's epic Paradise Lost and Alexander Pope's An Essay on Man are famous examples. See also William Blake’s “A Divine Image,” Rudyard Kipling’s “If—,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam.”",
"Dirge A brief hymn or song of lamentation and grief; it was typically composed to be performed at a funeral. In lyric poetry, a dirge tends to be shorter and less meditative than an elegy. See Christina Rossetti’s “A Dirge” and Sir Philip Sidney’s “Ring Out Your Bells.”",
"Doggerel Bad verse traditionally characterized by clichés, clumsiness, and irregular meter. It is often unintentionally humorous. The “giftedly bad” William McGonagall was an accomplished doggerelist, as demonstrated in “The Tay Bridge Disaster”:",
"It must have been an awful sight, To witness in the dusky moonlight, While the Storm Fiend did laugh, and angry did bray, Along the Railway Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, Oh! ill-fated Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, I must now conclude my lay By telling the world fearlessly without the least dismay, That your central girders would not have given way, At least many sensible men do say, Had they been supported on each side with buttresses, At least many sensible men confesses, For the stronger we our houses do build, The less chance we have of being killed.",
"Dramatic monologue A poem in which an imagined speaker addresses a silent listener, usually not the reader. Examples include Robert Browning’s “My Last Duchess,” T.S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” and Ai’s “Killing Floor.” A lyric may also be addressed to someone, but it is short and songlike and may appear to address either the reader or the poet. Browse more dramatic monologue poems.",
"Eclogue A brief, dramatic pastoral poem, set in an idyllic rural place but discussing urban, legal, political, or social issues. Bucolics and idylls, like eclogues, are pastoral poems, but in nondramatic form. See Edmund Spenser’s “Shepheardes Calendar: April,” Andrew Marvell’s “Nymph Complaining for the Death of Her Fawn,” and John Crowe Ransom’s “Eclogue.”",
"Elegy In traditional English poetry, it is often a melancholy poem that laments its subject’s death but ends in consolation. Examples include John Milton’s “Lycidas”; Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam”; and Walt Whitman’s “When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd.” More recently, Peter Sacks has elegized his father in “Natal Command,” and Mary Jo Bang has written “You Were You Are Elegy” and other poems for her son. In the 18th century the “elegiac stanza” emerged, though its use has not been exclusive to elegies. It is a quatrain with the rhyme scheme ABAB written in iambic pentameter. Browse more elegies.",
"Envoi (or Envoy) The brief stanza that ends French poetic forms such as the ballade or sestina. It usually serves as a summation or a dedication to a particular person. See Hilaire Belloc’s satirical “Ballade of Modest Confession.”",
"Epic A long narrative poem in which a heroic protagonist engages in an action of great mythic or historical significance. Notable English epics include Beowulf, Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (which follows the virtuous exploits of 12 knights in the service of the mythical King Arthur), and John Milton’s Paradise Lost, which dramatizes Satan’s fall from Heaven and humankind’s subsequent alienation from God in the Garden of Eden. Browse more epics.",
"Epigram A pithy, often witty, poem. See Walter Savage Landor’s “Dirce,” Ben Jonson’s “On Gut,” or much of the work of J.V. Cunningham:",
"Epistle A letter in verse, usually addressed to a person close to the writer. Its themes may be moral and philosophical, or intimate and sentimental. Alexander Pope favored the form; see his “Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,” in which the poet addresses a physician in his social circle. The epistle peaked in popularity in the 18th century, though Lord Byron and Robert Browning composed several in the next century; see Byron’s “Epistle to Augusta.” Less formal, more conversational versions of the epistle can be found in contemporary lyric poetry; see Hayden Carruth’s “The Afterlife: Letter to Sam Hamill” or “Dear Mr. Fanelli” by Charles Bernstein. Browse more epistles.",
"Epitaph A short poem intended for (or imagined as) an inscription on a tombstone and often serving as a brief elegy. See Robert Herrick’s “Upon a Child That Died” and “Upon Ben Jonson”; Ben Jonson’s “Epitaph on Elizabeth, L. H.”; and “Epitaph for a Romantic Woman” by Louise Bogan.",
"Epithalamion A lyric poem in praise of Hymen (the Greek god of marriage), an epithalamion often blesses a wedding and in modern times is often read at the wedding ceremony or reception. See Edmund Spenser’s “Epithalamion.” Browse more epithalamions.",
"Fixed and unfixed forms Poems that have a set number of lines, rhymes, and/or metrical arrangements per line. Browse all terms related to forms, including alcaics, alexandrine, aubade, ballad, ballade, carol, concrete poetry, double dactyl, dramatic monologue, eclogue, elegy, epic, epistle, epithalamion, free verse, haiku, heroic couplet, limerick, madrigal, mock epic, ode, ottava rima, pastoral, quatrain, renga, rondeau, rondel, sestina, sonnet, Spenserian stanza, tanka, tercet, terza rima, and villanelle.",
"Found poem A prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines. Fragments of found poetry may appear within an original poem as well. Portions of Ezra Pound’s Cantos are found poetry, culled from historical letters and government documents. Charles Olson created his poem “There Was a Youth whose Name Was Thomas Granger” using a report from William Bradford’s History of Plymouth Plantation.",
"Fourteener A metrical line of 14 syllables (usually seven iambic feet). A relatively long line, it can be found in narrative poetry from the Middle Ages through the 16th century. Fourteener couplets broken into quatrains are known as common measure or ballad meter. See also Poulter’s measure.",
"Free verse Nonmetrical, nonrhyming lines that closely follow the natural rhythms of speech. A regular pattern of sound or rhythm may emerge in free- verse lines, but the poet does not adhere to a metrical plan in their composition. Matthew Arnold and Walt Whitman explored the possibilities of nonmetrical poetry in the 19th century. Since the early 20th century, the majority of published lyric poetry has been written in free verse. See the work of William Carlos Williams, T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and H.D. Browse more free-verse poems.",
"Genre A class or category of texts with similarities in form, style, or subject matter. The definition of a genre changes over time, and a text often interacts with multiple genres. A text’s relationship to a particular genre—whether it defies or supports a genre’s set of expectations—is often of interest when conducting literary analysis. Four major genres of literature include poetry, drama, nonfiction, and fiction. Poetry can be divided into further genres, such as epic, lyric, narrative, satirical, or prose poetry. For more examples of genres, browse poems by type.",
"Georgic A poem or book dealing with agriculture or rural topics, which commonly glorifies outdoor labor and simple country life. Often takes the form of a didactic or instructive poem intended to give instructions related to a skill or art. The Roman poet Virgil famously wrote a collection of poems entitled Georgics, which has influenced poets since. Read a translated excerpt from Virgil's Georgics Book III or Book IV.",
"Ghazal (Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with loss and romantic love, medieval Persian poets embraced the ghazal, eventually making it their own. Consisting of syntactically and grammatically complete couplets, the form also has an intricate rhyme scheme. Each couplet ends on the same word or phrase (the radif), and is preceded by the couplet’s rhyming word (the qafia, which appears twice in the first couplet). The last couplet includes a proper name, often of the poet’s. In the Persian tradition, each couplet was of the same meter and length, and the subject matter included both erotic longing and religious belief or mysticism. English-language poets who have composed in the form include Adrienne Rich, John Hollander, and Agha Shahid Ali; see Ali’s “Tonight” and Patricia Smith’s “Hip-Hop Ghazal.”",
"Gnomic verse Poems laced with proverbs, aphorisms, or maxims. The term was first applied to Greek poets in the 6th century BCE and was practiced in medieval Germany and England. See excerpts from the Exeter Book. Robert Creeley explored the genre in his contemporary “Gnomic Verses.”",
"Haiku (or hokku) A Japanese verse form of three unrhyming lines in five, seven, and five syllables. It creates a single, memorable image, as in these lines by Kobayashi Issa, translated by Jane Hirshfield:",
"On a branch floating downriver a cricket, singing. (In translating from Japanese to English, Hirshfield compresses the number of syllables.)",
"See also “Three Haiku, Two Tanka” by Philip Appleman and Robert Hass’s “After the Gentle Poet Kobayashi Issa.” The Imagist poets of the early 20th century, including Ezra Pound and H.D., showed appreciation for the form’s linguistic and sensory economy; Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro” embodies the spirit of haiku. Browse more haiku.",
"Lament Any poem expressing deep grief, usually at the death of a loved one or some other loss. Related to elegy and the dirge. See “A Lament” by Percy Bysshe Shelley; Thom Gunn’s “Lament”; and Edna St. Vincent Millay’s “Lament.”",
"Landays A form of folk poetry from Afghanistan. Meant to be recited or sung aloud, and frequently anonymous, the form is a couplet comprised of 22 syllables. The first line has 9 syllables and the second line 13 syllables. Landays end on “ma” or “na” sounds and treat themes such as love, grief, homeland, war, and separation. See Eliza Griswold’s extensive reporting on the form in the June 2013 issue of Poetry, in which she explains how the form was created by and for the more than 20 million Pashtun women who span the border between Afghanistan and Pakistan.",
"Light verse Whimsical poems taking forms such as limericks, nonsense poems, and double dactyls. See Edward Lear’s “The Owl and the Pussy-Cat” and Lewis Carroll’s “The Walrus and the Carpenter.” Other masters of light verse include Dorothy Parker, G.K. Chesterton, John Hollander, and Wendy Cope.",
"Limerick A fixed light-verse form of five generally anapestic lines rhyming AABBA. Edward Lear, who popularized the form, fused the third and fourth lines into a single line with internal rhyme. Limericks are traditionally bawdy or just irreverent; see “A Young Lady of Lynn” or Lear’s “There was an Old Man with a Beard.” Browse more limericks.",
"Lyric Originally a composition meant for musical accompaniment. The term refers to a short poem in which the poet, the poet’s persona, or another speaker expresses personal feelings. See Robert Herrick’s “To Anthea, who May Command Him Anything,” John Clare’s “I Hid My Love,” Louise Bogan’s “Song for the Last Act,” or Louise Glück’s “Vita Nova.”",
"Madrigal A song or short lyric poem intended for multiple singers. Originating in 14th-century Italy, it became popular in England in the late 15th and early 16th centuries. It has no fixed metrical requirements. See “Rosalind’s Madrigal” by Thomas Lodge.",
"Mock epic A poem that plays with the conventions of the epic to comment on a topic satirically. In “Mac Flecknoe,” John Dryden wittily flaunts his mastery of the epic genre to cut down a literary rival. Alexander Pope’s “The Rape of the Lock” recasts a petty high-society scandal as a mythological battle for the virtue of an innocent.",
"Occasional poem A poem written to describe or comment on a particular event and often written for a public reading. Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “The Charge of the Light Brigade” commemorates a disastrous battle in the Crimean War. George Starbuck wrote “Of Late” after reading a newspaper account of a Vietnam War protester’s suicide. Elizabeth Alexander’s “Praise Song for the Day” was written for the inauguration of President Barack Obama. See also elegy, epithalamion, and ode.",
"Octave An eight-line stanza or poem. See ottava rima and triolet. The first eight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet are also called an octave.",
"Ode A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that addresses and often celebrates a person, place, thing, or idea. Its stanza forms vary. The Greek or Pindaric (Pindar, ca. 552–442 B.C.E.) ode was a public poem, usually set to music, that celebrated athletic victories. (See Stephen Burt’s article “And the Winner Is . . . Pindar!”) English odes written in the Pindaric tradition include Thomas Gray’s “The Progress of Poesy: A Pindaric Ode” and William Wordsworth’s “Ode: Intimations of Immortality from Reflections of Early Childhood.” Horatian odes, after the Latin poet Horace (65–8 B.C.E.), were written in quatrains in a more philosophical, contemplative manner; see Andrew Marvell’s “Horatian Ode upon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland.” The Sapphic ode consists of quatrains, three 11-syllable lines, and a final five-syllable line, unrhyming but with a strict meter. See Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “Sapphics.”",
"The odes of the English Romantic poets vary in stanza form. They often address an intense emotion at the onset of a personal crisis (see Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “Dejection: An Ode,”) or celebrate an object or image that leads to revelation (see John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” “Ode to a Nightingale,” and “To Autumn”). Browse more odes.",
"Ottava rima Originally an Italian stanza of eight 11-syllable lines, with a rhyme scheme of ABABABCC. Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced the form in English, and Lord Byron adapted it to a 10-syllable line for his mock-epic Don Juan. W.B. Yeats used it for “Among School Children” and “Sailing to Byzantium.” Browse more ottava rima poems.",
"Palinode An ode or song that retracts or recants what the poet wrote in a previous poem. For instance, Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales ends with a retraction, in which he apologizes for the work’s “worldly vanitees” and sinful contents.",
"Panegyric A poem of effusive praise. Its origins are Greek, and it is closely related to the eulogy and the ode. See Ben Jonson’s “To the Memory of My Beloved the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare” or Anne Bradstreet’s “In Honor of That High and Mighty Princess, Queen Elizabeth.”",
"Pantoum A Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets and occasionally imitated in English. It comprises a series of quatrains, with the second and fourth lines of each quatrain repeated as the first and third lines of the next. The second and fourth lines of the final stanza repeat the first and third lines of the first stanza. See A.E. Stallings’s “Another Lullaby for Insomniacs.” Browse more pantoums.",
"Pastoral Verse in the tradition of Theocritus (3 BCE), who wrote idealized accounts of shepherds and their loves living simple, virtuous lives in Arcadia, a mountainous region of Greece. Poets writing in English drew on the pastoral tradition by retreating from the trappings of modernity to the imagined virtues and romance of rural life, as in Edmund Spenser’s The Shepheardes Calendar, Christopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His Love,” and Sir Walter Ralegh’s response, “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.” The pastoral poem faded after the European Industrial Revolution of the 18th century, but its themes persist in poems that romanticize rural life or reappraise the natural world; see Leonie Adams’s “Country Summer,” Dylan Thomas’s “Fern Hill,” or Allen Ginsberg’s “Wales Visitation.” Browse more pastoral poems.",
"Prose poem A prose composition that, while not broken into verse lines, demonstrates other traits such as symbols, metaphors, and other figures of speech common to poetry. See Amy Lowell’s “Bath,” “Metals Metals” by Russell Edson, “Information” by David Ignatow, and Harryette Mullen’s “[Kills bugs dead.]” Browse more prose poems.",
"Quatrain A four-line stanza, rhyming -ABAC or ABCB (known as unbounded or ballad quatrain), as in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient Mariner.” -AABB (a double couplet); see A.E. Housman’s “To an Athlete Dying Young.” -ABAB (known as interlaced, alternate, or heroic), as in Thomas Gray’s “Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” or “Sadie and Maud” by Gwendolyn Brooks. -ABBA (known as envelope or enclosed), as in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam” or John Ciardi’s “Most Like an Arch This Marriage.” -AABA, the stanza of Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.”",
"Refrain A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at the end of a stanza. See the refrain “jump back, honey, jump back” in Paul Lawrence Dunbar’s “A Negro Love Song” or “return and return again” in James Laughlin’s “O Best of All Nights, Return and Return Again.” Browse poems with a refrain.",
"Renga A Japanese form composed of a series of half-tanka written by different poets. The opening stanza is the basis of the modern haiku form.",
"Rhyme royal (rime royale) A stanza of seven 10-syllable lines, rhyming ABABBCC, popularized by Geoffrey Chaucer and termed “royal” because his imitator, James I of Scotland, employed it in his own verse. In addition to Chaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, see Sir Thomas Wyatt’s “They flee from me” and William Wordsworth’s “Resolution and Independence.”",
"Romance French in origin, a genre of long narrative poetry about medieval courtly culture and secret love. It triumphed in English with tales of chivalry such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The Knight’s Tale” and Troilus and Criseyde.",
"Rondeau Originating in France, a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of between 10 and 15 lines and three stanzas. It has only two rhymes, with the opening words used twice as an unrhyming refrain at the end of the second and third stanzas. The 10-line version rhymes ABBAABc ABBAc (where the lower-case “c” stands for the refrain). The 15-line version often rhymes AABBA AABc AABAc. Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Now welcome, summer” at the close of The Parlement of Fowls is an example of a 13-line rondeau.",
"A rondeau redoublé consists of six quatrains using two rhymes. The first quatrain consists of four refrain lines that are used, in sequence, as the last lines of the next four quatrains, and a phrase from the first refrain is repeated as a tail at the end of the final stanza. See Dorothy Parker’s “Roudeau Redoublé (and Scarcely Worth the Trouble at That).”",
"Rondel (roundel) A poetic form of 11 to 14 lines consisting of two rhymes and the repetition of the first two lines in the middle of the poem and at its end. Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Roundel” is 11 lines in two stanzas.",
"Sestina A complex French verse form, usually unrhymed, consisting of six stanzas of six lines each and a three-line envoy. The end words of the first stanza are repeated in a different order as end words in each of the subsequent five stanzas; the closing envoy contains all six words, two per line, placed in the middle and at the end of the three lines. The patterns of word repetition are as follows, with each number representing the final word of a line, and each row of numbers representing a stanza:",
"1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 6 4 1 2 5 5 3 2 6 1 4 4 5 1 3 6 2 2 4 6 5 3 1 (6 2) (1 4) (5 3)",
"Sijo A Korean verse form related to haiku and tanka and comprised of three lines of 14-16 syllables each, for a total of 44-46 syllables. Each line contains a pause near the middle, similar to a caesura, though the break need not be metrical. The first half of the line contains six to nine syllables; the second half should contain no fewer than five. Originally intended as songs, sijo can treat romantic, metaphysical, or spiritual themes. Whatever the subject, the first line introduces an idea or story, the second supplies a “turn,” and the third provides closure. Modern sijo are sometimes printed in six lines.",
"Slam A competitive poetry performance in which selected audience members score performers, and winners are determined by total points. Slam is a composite genre that combines elements of poetry, theater, performance, and storytelling. The genre’s origins can be traced to Chicago in the early 1980s. Since then, groups of volunteers have organized slams in venues across the world. The first National Poetry Slam was held in 1990, and has become an annual event in which teams from cities across the United States compete at events in a host city. For more on poetry slams, see Jeremy Richards’s series “Performing the Academy”. See also poets Tyehimba Jess, Bob Holman, and Patricia Smith.",
"Sonnet A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy and brought to England by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, earl of Surrey in the 16th century. Literally a “little song,” the sonnet traditionally reflects upon a single sentiment, with a clarification or “turn” of thought in its concluding lines.",
"The Petrarchan sonnet, perfected by the Italian poet Petrarch, divides the 14 lines into two sections: an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming ABBAABBA, and a six-line stanza (sestet) rhyming CDCDCD or CDEEDE. John Milton’s “When I Consider How my Light Is Spent” and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “How Do I Love Thee” employ this form.",
"The Italian sonnet is an English variation on the traditional Petrarchan version. The octave’s rhyme scheme is preserved, but the sestet rhymes CDDCEE. See Thomas Wyatt’s “Whoso List to Hunt, I Know Where Is an Hind” and John Donne’s “If Poisonous Minerals, and If That Tree.”",
"Wyatt and Surrey developed the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet, which condenses the 14 lines into one stanza of three quatrains and a concluding couplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG (though poets have frequently varied this scheme; see Wilfred Owen’s “Anthem for Doomed Youth”). George Herbert’s “Love (II),” Claude McKay’s “America,” and Molly Peacock’s “Altruism” are English sonnets.",
"-The caudate sonnet, which adds codas or tails to the 14-line poem. See Gerard Manley Hopkins’s “That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire.”",
"-The curtal sonnet, a shortened version devised by Gerard Manley Hopkins that maintains the proportions of the Italian form, substituting two six-stress tercets for two quatrains in the octave (rhyming ABC ABC), and four and a half lines for the sestet (rhyming DEBDE), also six-stress except for the final three-stress line. See his poem “Pied Beauty.”",
"-The sonnet redoublé, also known as a crown of sonnets, is composed of 15 sonnets that are linked by the repetition of the final line of one sonnet as the initial line of the next, and the final line of that sonnet as the initial line of the previous; the last sonnet consists of all the repeated lines of the previous 14 sonnets, in the same order in which they appeared. Marilyn Nelson’s A Wreath for Emmett Till is a contemporary example.",
"-A sonnet sequence is a group of sonnets sharing the same subject matter and sometimes a dramatic situation and persona. See George Meredith’s Modern Love sequence, Sir Philip Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella, Rupert Brooke’s 1914 sequence, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese.",
"-The Spenserian sonnet is a 14-line poem developed by Edmund Spenser in his Amoretti, that varies the English form by interlocking the three quatrains (ABAB BCBC CDCD EE).",
"Spenserian stanza The unit of Edmund Spenser’s long poem The Faerie Queene, consisting of eight iambic-pentameter lines and a final alexandrine, with a rhyme scheme of ABABBCBCC. Later uses of this stanza form include John Keats’s “The Eve of St. Agnes,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Adonais,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s “The Lotos-Eaters.”",
"Stanza A grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free verse, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in mood, time, or thought.",
"Syllabic verse Poetry whose meter is determined by the total number of syllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Marianne Moore’s poetry is mostly syllabic. Other examples include Thomas Nashe’s “Adieu, farewell earth’s bliss” and Dylan Thomas’s “Poem in October.” Browse more poems in syllabic verse.",
"Tanka A Japanese form of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables—31 in all. See Philip Appleman’s “Three Haiku, Two Tanka.” See also renga.",
"Tercet A poetic unit of three lines, rhymed or unrhymed. Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the Twain” rhymes AAA BBB; Ben Jonson’s “On Spies” is a three- line poem rhyming AAA; and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” is written in terza rima form. Examples of poems in unrhymed tercets include Wallace Stevens’s “The Snow Man” and David Wagoner’s “For a Student Sleeping in a Poetry Workshop.”",
"Terza rima An Italian stanzaic form, used most notably by Dante Alighieri in Commedia (The Divine Comedy), consisting of tercets with interwoven rhymes (ABA BCB DED EFE, and so on). A concluding couplet rhymes with the penultimate line of the last tercet. See Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,” Derek Walcott’s “The Bounty,” and Omeros, and Jacqueline Osherow’s “Autumn Psalm.”",
"Triolet An eight-line stanza having just two rhymes and repeating the first line as the fourth and seventh lines, and the second line as the eighth. See Sandra McPherson’s “Triolet” or “Triolets in the Argolid” by Rachel Hadas.",
"Verse As a mass noun, poetry in general; as a regular noun, a line of poetry. Typically used to refer to poetry that possesses more formal qualities.",
"Verse paragraph A group of verse lines that make up a single rhetorical unit. In longer poems, the first line is often indented, like a paragraph in prose. The long narrative passages of John Milton’s Paradise Lost are verse paragraphs. The titled sections of Robert Pinsky’s “Essay on Psychiatrists” demarcate shifts in focus and argument much as prose paragraphs would. A shorter lyric poem, even when broken into stanzas, could be considered a single verse paragraph, insofar as it expresses a unified mood or thought; see Gail Mazur’s “Evening.”",
"Villanelle A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a final quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating alternately in the following stanzas. These two refrain lines form the final couplet in the quatrain. See “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan Thomas, Elizabeth Bishop’s “One Art,” and Edwin Arlington Robinson’s “The House on the Hill.”"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Glossary of Poetic Terms : Learning Lab : The Poetry Foundation\n\nPoetry Foundation\n\n * About Us\n * Visit\n * Contact Us\n * Newsletters\n\n * Poems & Poets\n\n * Browse Poems\n * Browse Poets\n * Seasonal Poems\n * Features\n\n * Articles\n * Audio & Podcasts\n * Video\n * Harriet: News & Community\n * Resources\n\n * Learning Lab\n * Children’s Poetry\n * Young People's Poet Laureate\n * POETRY Mobile App\n * Poetry Tours\n * Programs & Initiatives\n\n * Foundation Events\n * Gallery Exhibitions\n * Foundation Awards\n * Foundation Library\n * Harriet Monroe Poetry Institute\n * Media Partnerships\n * Poetry Out Loud\n * Poetry magazine\n\n * * April 2016\n\nOcean Vuong, Dawn Lundy Martin, Jennifer Bartlett, Jan Beatty, Reginald Dwayne\nBetts, Regie Cabico, and more.\n\n * Table of Contents\n * Browse All Issues Back to 1912\n * Subscribe to Poetry\n * Submissions & Letters to the Editor\n * Poetry Magazine Prizes\n * Advertise with Us\n\nHome > Learning Lab > Glossary of Poetic Terms\n\n * Learning Lab\n * Core Learning Poems\n * Articles for Students & Teachers\n * Essays on Poetic Theory\n * Glossary of Poetic Terms\n\nPrint subscribers can now access the digital editions of Poetry!\n\nFind out more »\n\n# Glossary Terms\n\n * Share\n * Print\n\n### Search The Glossary\n\nEnter your search terms above to search the glossary\n\n * * All Terms\n * Forms & Types\n * Rhythm & Meter\n * Schools & Periods\n * Techniques & Figures of Speech\n * Theory & Criticism\n\nAcrostic A poem in which the first letter of each line spells out a word,\nname, or phrase when read vertically. See Lewis Carroll’s “A Boat beneath a\nSunny Sky.”\n\nAlexandrine In English, a 12-syllable iambic line adapted from French heroic\nverse. The last line of each stanza in Thomas Hardy’s “The Convergence of the\nTwain” and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “To a Skylark” is an alexandrine.\n\nAnagram A word spelled out by rearranging the letters of another word; for\nexample, “The teacher gapes at the mounds of exam pages lying before her.”\n\nArs Poetica A poem that explains the “art of poetry,” or a meditation on\npoetry using the form and techniques of a poem. Horace’s Ars Poetica is an\nearly example, and the foundation for the tradition. While Horace writes of\nthe importance of delighting and instructing audiences, modernist ars poetica\npoets argue that poems should be written for their own sake, as art for the\nsake of art. Archibald MacLeish’s famous “Ars Poetica” sums up the argument:\n“A poem should not mean / But be.” See also Alexander Pope’s “An Essay on\nCriticism,” William Wordsworth’s Prelude, and Wallace Stevens’s “Of Modern\nPoetry.”\n\nAubade A love poem or song welcoming or lamenting the arrival of the dawn. The\nform originated in medieval France. See John Donne’s “The Sun Rising” and\nLouise Bogan’s “Leave-Taking.” Browse more aubade poems.\n\nBallad A popular narrative song passed down orally. In the English tradition,\nit usually follows a form of rhymed (abcb) quatrains alternating four-stress\nand three-stress lines. Folk (or traditional) ballads are anonymous and\nrecount tragic, comic, or heroic stories with emphasis on a central dramatic\nevent; examples include “Barbara Allen” and “John Henry.” Beginning in the\nRenaissance, poets have adapted the conventions of the folk ballad for their\nown original compositions. Examples of this “literary” ballad form include\nJohn Keats’s “La Belle Dame sans Merci,” Thomas Hardy’s “During Wind and\nRain,” and Edgar Allan Poe’s “Annabel Lee.” Browse more ballads.\n\nBallade An Old French verse form that usually consists of three eight-line\nstanzas and a four-line envoy, with a rhyme scheme of ababbcbc bcbc. The last\nline of the first stanza is repeated at the end of subsequent stanzas and the\nenvoy. See Hilaire Belloc’s “Ballade of Modest Confession” and Algernon\nCharles Swinburne’s translation of François Villon’s “Ballade des Pendus”\n(Ballade of the Hanged).\n\nBucolic See pastoral poetry.\n\nCanto A long subsection of an epic or long narrative poem, such as Dante\nAlighieri’s Commedia (The Divine Comedy), first employed in English by Edmund\nSpenser in The Faerie Queene. Other examples include Lord Byron’s Don Juan and\nEzra Pound’s Cantos.\n\nCanzone Literally “song” in Italian, the canzone is a lyric poem originating\nin medieval Italy and France and usually consisting of hendecasyllabic lines\nwith end-rhyme. The canzone influenced the development of the sonnet.\n\nCarol A hymn or poem often sung by a group, with an individual taking the\nchanging stanzas and the group taking the burden or refrain. See Robert\nSouthwell’s “The Burning Babe”. Many traditional Christmas songs are carols,\nsuch as “I Saw Three Ships” and “The Twelve Days of Christmas.”\n\nConcrete poetry Verse that emphasizes nonlinguistic elements in its meaning,\nsuch as a typeface that creates a visual image of the topic. Examples include\nGeorge Herbert’s “Easter Wings” and “The Altar” and George Starbuck’s “Poem in\nthe Shape of a Potted Christmas Tree”. Browse more concrete poems.\n\nCouplet A pair of successive rhyming lines, usually of the same length. A\ncouplet is “closed” when the lines form a bounded grammatical unit like a\nsentence (see Dorothy Parker’s “Interview”: “The ladies men admire, I’ve\nheard, /Would shudder at a wicked word.”). The “heroic couplet” is written in\niambic pentameter and features prominently in the work of 17th- and 18th-\ncentury didactic and satirical poets such as Alexander Pope: “Some have at\nfirst for wits, then poets pass’d, /Turn’d critics next, and proved plain\nfools at last.” Browse more couplet poems.\n\nCurtal sonnet See Sonnet.\n\nDidactic poetry Poetry that instructs, either in terms of morals or by\nproviding knowledge of philosophy, religion, arts, science, or skills.\nAlthough some poets believe that all poetry is inherently instructional,\ndidactic poetry separately refers to poems that contain a clear moral or\nmessage or purpose to convey to its readers. John Milton's epic Paradise Lost\nand Alexander Pope's An Essay on Man are famous examples. See also William\nBlake’s “A Divine Image,” Rudyard Kipling’s “If—,” and Alfred Lord Tennyson’s\n“In Memoriam.”\n\nDirge A brief hymn or song of lamentation and grief; it was typically composed\nto be performed at a funeral. In lyric poetry, a dirge tends to be shorter and\nless meditative than an elegy. See Christina Rossetti’s “A Dirge” and Sir\nPhilip Sidney’s “Ring Out Your Bells.”\n\nDoggerel Bad verse traditionally characterized by clichés, clumsiness, and\nirregular meter. It is often unintentionally humorous. The “giftedly bad”\nWilliam McGonagall was an accomplished doggerelist, as demonstrated in “The\nTay Bridge Disaster”:\n\nIt must have been an awful sight, To witness in the dusky moonlight, While the\nStorm Fiend did laugh, and angry did bray, Along the Railway Bridge of the\nSilv’ry Tay, Oh! ill-fated Bridge of the Silv’ry Tay, I must now conclude my\nlay By telling the world fearlessly without the least dismay, That your\ncentral girders would not have given way, At least many sensible men do say,\nHad they been supported on each side with buttresses, At least many sensible\nmen confesses, For the stronger we our houses do build, The less chance we\nhave of being killed.\n\nDramatic monologue A poem in which an imagined speaker addresses a silent\nlistener, usually not the reader. Examples include Robert Browning’s “My Last\nDuchess,” T.S. Eliot’s “The Love Song of J. Alfred Prufrock,” and Ai’s\n“Killing Floor.” A lyric may also be addressed to someone, but it is short and\nsonglike and may appear to address either the reader or the poet. Browse more\ndramatic monologue poems.\n\nEclogue A brief, dramatic pastoral poem, set in an idyllic rural place but\ndiscussing urban, legal, political, or social issues. Bucolics and idylls,\nlike eclogues, are pastoral poems, but in nondramatic form. See Edmund\nSpenser’s “Shepheardes Calendar: April,” Andrew Marvell’s “Nymph Complaining\nfor the Death of Her Fawn,” and John Crowe Ransom’s “Eclogue.”\n\nElegy In traditional English poetry, it is often a melancholy poem that\nlaments its subject’s death but ends in consolation. Examples include John\nMilton’s “Lycidas”; Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “In Memoriam”; and Walt Whitman’s\n“When Lilacs Last in the Dooryard Bloom'd.” More recently, Peter Sacks has\nelegized his father in “Natal Command,” and Mary Jo Bang has written “You Were\nYou Are Elegy” and other poems for her son. In the 18th century the “elegiac\nstanza” emerged, though its use has not been exclusive to elegies. It is a\nquatrain with the rhyme scheme ABAB written in iambic pentameter. Browse more\nelegies.\n\nEnvoi (or Envoy) The brief stanza that ends French poetic forms such as the\nballade or sestina. It usually serves as a summation or a dedication to a\nparticular person. See Hilaire Belloc’s satirical “Ballade of Modest\nConfession.”\n\nEpic A long narrative poem in which a heroic protagonist engages in an action\nof great mythic or historical significance. Notable English epics include\nBeowulf, Edmund Spenser’s The Faerie Queene (which follows the virtuous\nexploits of 12 knights in the service of the mythical King Arthur), and John\nMilton’s Paradise Lost, which dramatizes Satan’s fall from Heaven and\nhumankind’s subsequent alienation from God in the Garden of Eden. Browse more\nepics.\n\nEpigram A pithy, often witty, poem. See Walter Savage Landor’s “Dirce,” Ben\nJonson’s “On Gut,” or much of the work of J.V. Cunningham:\n\nThis Humanist whom no beliefs constrained Grew so broad-minded he was scatter-\nbrained.\n\nBrowse more epigrams.\n\nEpistle A letter in verse, usually addressed to a person close to the writer.\nIts themes may be moral and philosophical, or intimate and sentimental.\nAlexander Pope favored the form; see his “Epistle to Dr. Arbuthnot,” in which\nthe poet addresses a physician in his social circle. The epistle peaked in\npopularity in the 18th century, though Lord Byron and Robert Browning composed\nseveral in the next century; see Byron’s “Epistle to Augusta.” Less formal,\nmore conversational versions of the epistle can be found in contemporary lyric\npoetry; see Hayden Carruth’s “The Afterlife: Letter to Sam Hamill” or “Dear\nMr. Fanelli” by Charles Bernstein. Browse more epistles.\n\nEpitaph A short poem intended for (or imagined as) an inscription on a\ntombstone and often serving as a brief elegy. See Robert Herrick’s “Upon a\nChild That Died” and “Upon Ben Jonson”; Ben Jonson’s “Epitaph on Elizabeth, L.\nH.”; and “Epitaph for a Romantic Woman” by Louise Bogan.\n\nEpithalamion A lyric poem in praise of Hymen (the Greek god of marriage), an\nepithalamion often blesses a wedding and in modern times is often read at the\nwedding ceremony or reception. See Edmund Spenser’s “Epithalamion.” Browse\nmore epithalamions.\n\nFixed and unfixed forms Poems that have a set number of lines, rhymes, and/or\nmetrical arrangements per line. Browse all terms related to forms, including\nalcaics, alexandrine, aubade, ballad, ballade, carol, concrete poetry, double\ndactyl, dramatic monologue, eclogue, elegy, epic, epistle, epithalamion, free\nverse, haiku, heroic couplet, limerick, madrigal, mock epic, ode, ottava rima,\npastoral, quatrain, renga, rondeau, rondel, sestina, sonnet, Spenserian\nstanza, tanka, tercet, terza rima, and villanelle.\n\nFound poem A prose text or texts reshaped by a poet into quasi-metrical lines.\nFragments of found poetry may appear within an original poem as well. Portions\nof Ezra Pound’s Cantos are found poetry, culled from historical letters and\ngovernment documents. Charles Olson created his poem “There Was a Youth whose\nName Was Thomas Granger” using a report from William Bradford’s History of\nPlymouth Plantation.\n\nFourteener A metrical line of 14 syllables (usually seven iambic feet). A\nrelatively long line, it can be found in narrative poetry from the Middle Ages\nthrough the 16th century. Fourteener couplets broken into quatrains are known\nas common measure or ballad meter. See also Poulter’s measure.\n\nFree verse Nonmetrical, nonrhyming lines that closely follow the natural\nrhythms of speech. A regular pattern of sound or rhythm may emerge in free-\nverse lines, but the poet does not adhere to a metrical plan in their\ncomposition. Matthew Arnold and Walt Whitman explored the possibilities of\nnonmetrical poetry in the 19th century. Since the early 20th century, the\nmajority of published lyric poetry has been written in free verse. See the\nwork of William Carlos Williams, T.S. Eliot, Ezra Pound, and H.D. Browse more\nfree-verse poems.\n\nGenre A class or category of texts with similarities in form, style, or\nsubject matter. The definition of a genre changes over time, and a text often\ninteracts with multiple genres. A text’s relationship to a particular\ngenre—whether it defies or supports a genre’s set of expectations—is often of\ninterest when conducting literary analysis. Four major genres of literature\ninclude poetry, drama, nonfiction, and fiction. Poetry can be divided into\nfurther genres, such as epic, lyric, narrative, satirical, or prose poetry.\nFor more examples of genres, browse poems by type.\n\nGeorgic A poem or book dealing with agriculture or rural topics, which\ncommonly glorifies outdoor labor and simple country life. Often takes the form\nof a didactic or instructive poem intended to give instructions related to a\nskill or art. The Roman poet Virgil famously wrote a collection of poems\nentitled Georgics, which has influenced poets since. Read a translated excerpt\nfrom Virgil's Georgics Book III or Book IV.\n\nGhazal (Pronounciation: “guzzle”) Originally an Arabic verse form dealing with\nloss and romantic love, medieval Persian poets embraced the ghazal, eventually\nmaking it their own. Consisting of syntactically and grammatically complete\ncouplets, the form also has an intricate rhyme scheme. Each couplet ends on\nthe same word or phrase (the radif), and is preceded by the couplet’s rhyming\nword (the qafia, which appears twice in the first couplet). The last couplet\nincludes a proper name, often of the poet’s. In the Persian tradition, each\ncouplet was of the same meter and length, and the subject matter included both\nerotic longing and religious belief or mysticism. English-language poets who\nhave composed in the form include Adrienne Rich, John Hollander, and Agha\nShahid Ali; see Ali’s “Tonight” and Patricia Smith’s “Hip-Hop Ghazal.”\n\nBrowse more ghazal poems.\n\nGnomic verse Poems laced with proverbs, aphorisms, or maxims. The term was\nfirst applied to Greek poets in the 6th century BCE and was practiced in\nmedieval Germany and England. See excerpts from the Exeter Book. Robert\nCreeley explored the genre in his contemporary “Gnomic Verses.”\n\nHaiku (or hokku) A Japanese verse form of three unrhyming lines in five,\nseven, and five syllables. It creates a single, memorable image, as in these\nlines by Kobayashi Issa, translated by Jane Hirshfield:\n\nOn a branch floating downriver a cricket, singing. (In translating from\nJapanese to English, Hirshfield compresses the number of syllables.)\n\nSee also “Three Haiku, Two Tanka” by Philip Appleman and Robert Hass’s “After\nthe Gentle Poet Kobayashi Issa.” The Imagist poets of the early 20th century,\nincluding Ezra Pound and H.D., showed appreciation for the form’s linguistic\nand sensory economy; Pound’s “In a Station of the Metro” embodies the spirit\nof haiku. Browse more haiku.\n\nHeroic couplet See couplet.\n\nHoratian ode See ode.\n\nHymn A poem praising God or the divine, often sung. In English, the most\npopular hymns were written between the 17th and 19th centuries. See Isaac\nWatts’s “Our God, Our Help,” Charles Wesley’s “My God! I Know, I Feel Thee\nMine,” and “Thou Hidden Love of God” by John Wesley.\n\nItalian sonnet See Sonnet.\n\nLament Any poem expressing deep grief, usually at the death of a loved one or\nsome other loss. Related to elegy and the dirge. See “A Lament” by Percy\nBysshe Shelley; Thom Gunn’s “Lament”; and Edna St. Vincent Millay’s “Lament.”\n\nLandays A form of folk poetry from Afghanistan. Meant to be recited or sung\naloud, and frequently anonymous, the form is a couplet comprised of 22\nsyllables. The first line has 9 syllables and the second line 13 syllables.\nLandays end on “ma” or “na” sounds and treat themes such as love, grief,\nhomeland, war, and separation. See Eliza Griswold’s extensive reporting on the\nform in the June 2013 issue of Poetry, in which she explains how the form was\ncreated by and for the more than 20 million Pashtun women who span the border\nbetween Afghanistan and Pakistan.\n\nLight verse Whimsical poems taking forms such as limericks, nonsense poems,\nand double dactyls. See Edward Lear’s “The Owl and the Pussy-Cat” and Lewis\nCarroll’s “The Walrus and the Carpenter.” Other masters of light verse include\nDorothy Parker, G.K. Chesterton, John Hollander, and Wendy Cope.\n\nLimerick A fixed light-verse form of five generally anapestic lines rhyming\nAABBA. Edward Lear, who popularized the form, fused the third and fourth lines\ninto a single line with internal rhyme. Limericks are traditionally bawdy or\njust irreverent; see “A Young Lady of Lynn” or Lear’s “There was an Old Man\nwith a Beard.” Browse more limericks.\n\nLyric Originally a composition meant for musical accompaniment. The term\nrefers to a short poem in which the poet, the poet’s persona, or another\nspeaker expresses personal feelings. See Robert Herrick’s “To Anthea, who May\nCommand Him Anything,” John Clare’s “I Hid My Love,” Louise Bogan’s “Song for\nthe Last Act,” or Louise Glück’s “Vita Nova.”\n\nMadrigal A song or short lyric poem intended for multiple singers. Originating\nin 14th-century Italy, it became popular in England in the late 15th and early\n16th centuries. It has no fixed metrical requirements. See “Rosalind’s\nMadrigal” by Thomas Lodge.\n\nMock epic A poem that plays with the conventions of the epic to comment on a\ntopic satirically. In “Mac Flecknoe,” John Dryden wittily flaunts his mastery\nof the epic genre to cut down a literary rival. Alexander Pope’s “The Rape of\nthe Lock” recasts a petty high-society scandal as a mythological battle for\nthe virtue of an innocent.\n\nOccasional poem A poem written to describe or comment on a particular event\nand often written for a public reading. Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s “The Charge of\nthe Light Brigade” commemorates a disastrous battle in the Crimean War. George\nStarbuck wrote “Of Late” after reading a newspaper account of a Vietnam War\nprotester’s suicide. Elizabeth Alexander’s “Praise Song for the Day” was\nwritten for the inauguration of President Barack Obama. See also elegy,\nepithalamion, and ode.\n\nOctave An eight-line stanza or poem. See ottava rima and triolet. The first\neight lines of an Italian or Petrarchan sonnet are also called an octave.\n\nOde A formal, often ceremonious lyric poem that addresses and often celebrates\na person, place, thing, or idea. Its stanza forms vary. The Greek or Pindaric\n(Pindar, ca. 552–442 B.C.E.) ode was a public poem, usually set to music, that\ncelebrated athletic victories. (See Stephen Burt’s article “And the Winner Is\n. . . Pindar!”) English odes written in the Pindaric tradition include Thomas\nGray’s “The Progress of Poesy: A Pindaric Ode” and William Wordsworth’s “Ode:\nIntimations of Immortality from Reflections of Early Childhood.” Horatian\nodes, after the Latin poet Horace (65–8 B.C.E.), were written in quatrains in\na more philosophical, contemplative manner; see Andrew Marvell’s “Horatian Ode\nupon Cromwell’s Return from Ireland.” The Sapphic ode consists of quatrains,\nthree 11-syllable lines, and a final five-syllable line, unrhyming but with a\nstrict meter. See Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “Sapphics.”\n\nThe odes of the English Romantic poets vary in stanza form. They often address\nan intense emotion at the onset of a personal crisis (see Samuel Taylor\nColeridge’s “Dejection: An Ode,”) or celebrate an object or image that leads\nto revelation (see John Keats’s “Ode on a Grecian Urn,” “Ode to a\nNightingale,” and “To Autumn”). Browse more odes.\n\nOttava rima Originally an Italian stanza of eight 11-syllable lines, with a\nrhyme scheme of ABABABCC. Sir Thomas Wyatt introduced the form in English, and\nLord Byron adapted it to a 10-syllable line for his mock-epic Don Juan. W.B.\nYeats used it for “Among School Children” and “Sailing to Byzantium.” Browse\nmore ottava rima poems.\n\nPalinode An ode or song that retracts or recants what the poet wrote in a\nprevious poem. For instance, Geoffrey Chaucer’s The Canterbury Tales ends with\na retraction, in which he apologizes for the work’s “worldly vanitees” and\nsinful contents.\n\nPanegyric A poem of effusive praise. Its origins are Greek, and it is closely\nrelated to the eulogy and the ode. See Ben Jonson’s “To the Memory of My\nBeloved the Author, Mr. William Shakespeare” or Anne Bradstreet’s “In Honor of\nThat High and Mighty Princess, Queen Elizabeth.”\n\nPantoum A Malaysian verse form adapted by French poets and occasionally\nimitated in English. It comprises a series of quatrains, with the second and\nfourth lines of each quatrain repeated as the first and third lines of the\nnext. The second and fourth lines of the final stanza repeat the first and\nthird lines of the first stanza. See A.E. Stallings’s “Another Lullaby for\nInsomniacs.” Browse more pantoums.\n\nPastoral Verse in the tradition of Theocritus (3 BCE), who wrote idealized\naccounts of shepherds and their loves living simple, virtuous lives in\nArcadia, a mountainous region of Greece. Poets writing in English drew on the\npastoral tradition by retreating from the trappings of modernity to the\nimagined virtues and romance of rural life, as in Edmund Spenser’s The\nShepheardes Calendar, Christopher Marlowe’s “The Passionate Shepherd to His\nLove,” and Sir Walter Ralegh’s response, “The Nymph’s Reply to the Shepherd.”\nThe pastoral poem faded after the European Industrial Revolution of the 18th\ncentury, but its themes persist in poems that romanticize rural life or\nreappraise the natural world; see Leonie Adams’s “Country Summer,” Dylan\nThomas’s “Fern Hill,” or Allen Ginsberg’s “Wales Visitation.” Browse more\npastoral poems.\n\nPattern poetry See Concrete poetry.\n\nPindaric ode See Ode.\n\nProse poem A prose composition that, while not broken into verse lines,\ndemonstrates other traits such as symbols, metaphors, and other figures of\nspeech common to poetry. See Amy Lowell’s “Bath,” “Metals Metals” by Russell\nEdson, “Information” by David Ignatow, and Harryette Mullen’s “[Kills bugs\ndead.]” Browse more prose poems.\n\nQuatrain A four-line stanza, rhyming -ABAC or ABCB (known as unbounded or\nballad quatrain), as in Samuel Taylor Coleridge’s “The Rime of the Ancient\nMariner.” -AABB (a double couplet); see A.E. Housman’s “To an Athlete Dying\nYoung.” -ABAB (known as interlaced, alternate, or heroic), as in Thomas Gray’s\n“Elegy Written in a Country Churchyard” or “Sadie and Maud” by Gwendolyn\nBrooks. -ABBA (known as envelope or enclosed), as in Alfred, Lord Tennyson’s\n“In Memoriam” or John Ciardi’s “Most Like an Arch This Marriage.” -AABA, the\nstanza of Robert Frost’s “Stopping by Woods on a Snowy Evening.”\n\nBrowse poems with quatrains.\n\nRefrain A phrase or line repeated at intervals within a poem, especially at\nthe end of a stanza. See the refrain “jump back, honey, jump back” in Paul\nLawrence Dunbar’s “A Negro Love Song” or “return and return again” in James\nLaughlin’s “O Best of All Nights, Return and Return Again.” Browse poems with\na refrain.\n\nRenga A Japanese form composed of a series of half-tanka written by different\npoets. The opening stanza is the basis of the modern haiku form.\n\nRhyme royal (rime royale) A stanza of seven 10-syllable lines, rhyming\nABABBCC, popularized by Geoffrey Chaucer and termed “royal” because his\nimitator, James I of Scotland, employed it in his own verse. In addition to\nChaucer’s Troilus and Criseyde, see Sir Thomas Wyatt’s “They flee from me” and\nWilliam Wordsworth’s “Resolution and Independence.”\n\nRomance French in origin, a genre of long narrative poetry about medieval\ncourtly culture and secret love. It triumphed in English with tales of\nchivalry such as Sir Gawain and the Green Knight and Geoffrey Chaucer’s “The\nKnight’s Tale” and Troilus and Criseyde.\n\nRondeau Originating in France, a mainly octosyllabic poem consisting of\nbetween 10 and 15 lines and three stanzas. It has only two rhymes, with the\nopening words used twice as an unrhyming refrain at the end of the second and\nthird stanzas. The 10-line version rhymes ABBAABc ABBAc (where the lower-case\n“c” stands for the refrain). The 15-line version often rhymes AABBA AABc\nAABAc. Geoffrey Chaucer’s “Now welcome, summer” at the close of The Parlement\nof Fowls is an example of a 13-line rondeau.\n\nA rondeau redoublé consists of six quatrains using two rhymes. The first\nquatrain consists of four refrain lines that are used, in sequence, as the\nlast lines of the next four quatrains, and a phrase from the first refrain is\nrepeated as a tail at the end of the final stanza. See Dorothy Parker’s\n“Roudeau Redoublé (and Scarcely Worth the Trouble at That).”\n\nRondel (roundel) A poetic form of 11 to 14 lines consisting of two rhymes and\nthe repetition of the first two lines in the middle of the poem and at its\nend. Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Roundel” is 11 lines in two stanzas.\n\nSapphic verse See ode.\n\nSestet A six-line stanza, or the final six lines of a 14-line Italian or\nPetrarchan sonnet.\n\nSestina A complex French verse form, usually unrhymed, consisting of six\nstanzas of six lines each and a three-line envoy. The end words of the first\nstanza are repeated in a different order as end words in each of the\nsubsequent five stanzas; the closing envoy contains all six words, two per\nline, placed in the middle and at the end of the three lines. The patterns of\nword repetition are as follows, with each number representing the final word\nof a line, and each row of numbers representing a stanza:\n\n1 2 3 4 5 6 6 1 5 2 4 3 3 6 4 1 2 5 5 3 2 6 1 4 4 5 1 3 6 2 2 4 6 5 3 1 (6 2)\n(1 4) (5 3)\n\nSee Algernon Charles Swinburne’s “The Complaint of Lisa,\" John Ashbery’s “Farm\nImplements and Rutabagas in a Landscape,\" and David Ferry’s “The Guest Ellen\nat the Supper for Street People.\" Browse more sestinas.\n\nShakespearean sonnet See Sonnet.\n\nSijo A Korean verse form related to haiku and tanka and comprised of three\nlines of 14-16 syllables each, for a total of 44-46 syllables. Each line\ncontains a pause near the middle, similar to a caesura, though the break need\nnot be metrical. The first half of the line contains six to nine syllables;\nthe second half should contain no fewer than five. Originally intended as\nsongs, sijo can treat romantic, metaphysical, or spiritual themes. Whatever\nthe subject, the first line introduces an idea or story, the second supplies a\n“turn,” and the third provides closure. Modern sijo are sometimes printed in\nsix lines.\n\nSlam A competitive poetry performance in which selected audience members score\nperformers, and winners are determined by total points. Slam is a composite\ngenre that combines elements of poetry, theater, performance, and\nstorytelling. The genre’s origins can be traced to Chicago in the early 1980s.\nSince then, groups of volunteers have organized slams in venues across the\nworld. The first National Poetry Slam was held in 1990, and has become an\nannual event in which teams from cities across the United States compete at\nevents in a host city. For more on poetry slams, see Jeremy Richards’s series\n“Performing the Academy”. See also poets Tyehimba Jess, Bob Holman, and\nPatricia Smith.\n\nSonnet A 14-line poem with a variable rhyme scheme originating in Italy and\nbrought to England by Sir Thomas Wyatt and Henry Howard, earl of Surrey in the\n16th century. Literally a “little song,” the sonnet traditionally reflects\nupon a single sentiment, with a clarification or “turn” of thought in its\nconcluding lines.\n\nThe Petrarchan sonnet, perfected by the Italian poet Petrarch, divides the 14\nlines into two sections: an eight-line stanza (octave) rhyming ABBAABBA, and a\nsix-line stanza (sestet) rhyming CDCDCD or CDEEDE. John Milton’s “When I\nConsider How my Light Is Spent” and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s “How Do I\nLove Thee” employ this form.\n\nThe Italian sonnet is an English variation on the traditional Petrarchan\nversion. The octave’s rhyme scheme is preserved, but the sestet rhymes CDDCEE.\nSee Thomas Wyatt’s “Whoso List to Hunt, I Know Where Is an Hind” and John\nDonne’s “If Poisonous Minerals, and If That Tree.”\n\nWyatt and Surrey developed the English (or Shakespearean) sonnet, which\ncondenses the 14 lines into one stanza of three quatrains and a concluding\ncouplet, with a rhyme scheme of ABABCDCDEFEFGG (though poets have frequently\nvaried this scheme; see Wilfred Owen’s “Anthem for Doomed Youth”). George\nHerbert’s “Love (II),” Claude McKay’s “America,” and Molly Peacock’s\n“Altruism” are English sonnets.\n\nThese three types have given rise to many variations, including:\n\n-The caudate sonnet, which adds codas or tails to the 14-line poem. See Gerard Manley Hopkins’s “That Nature Is a Heraclitean Fire.”\n\n-The curtal sonnet, a shortened version devised by Gerard Manley Hopkins that maintains the proportions of the Italian form, substituting two six-stress tercets for two quatrains in the octave (rhyming ABC ABC), and four and a half lines for the sestet (rhyming DEBDE), also six-stress except for the final three-stress line. See his poem “Pied Beauty.”\n\n-The sonnet redoublé, also known as a crown of sonnets, is composed of 15 sonnets that are linked by the repetition of the final line of one sonnet as the initial line of the next, and the final line of that sonnet as the initial line of the previous; the last sonnet consists of all the repeated lines of the previous 14 sonnets, in the same order in which they appeared. Marilyn Nelson’s A Wreath for Emmett Till is a contemporary example.\n\n-A sonnet sequence is a group of sonnets sharing the same subject matter and sometimes a dramatic situation and persona. See George Meredith’s Modern Love sequence, Sir Philip Sidney’s Astrophel and Stella, Rupert Brooke’s 1914 sequence, and Elizabeth Barrett Browning’s Sonnets from the Portuguese.\n\n-The Spenserian sonnet is a 14-line poem developed by Edmund Spenser in his Amoretti, that varies the English form by interlocking the three quatrains (ABAB BCBC CDCD EE).\n\n-The stretched sonnet is extended to 16 or more lines, such as those in George Meredith’s sequence Modern Love.\n\n-A submerged sonnet is tucked into a longer poetic work; see lines 235-48 of T.S. Eliot’s “The Waste Land.”\n\nBrowse more sonnets.\n\nSpenserian stanza The unit of Edmund Spenser’s long poem The Faerie Queene,\nconsisting of eight iambic-pentameter lines and a final alexandrine, with a\nrhyme scheme of ABABBCBCC. Later uses of this stanza form include John Keats’s\n“The Eve of St. Agnes,” Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Adonais,” and Alfred Lord\nTennyson’s “The Lotos-Eaters.”\n\nStanza A grouping of lines separated from others in a poem. In modern free\nverse, the stanza, like a prose paragraph, can be used to mark a shift in\nmood, time, or thought.\n\nSyllabic verse Poetry whose meter is determined by the total number of\nsyllables per line, rather than the number of stresses. Marianne Moore’s\npoetry is mostly syllabic. Other examples include Thomas Nashe’s “Adieu,\nfarewell earth’s bliss” and Dylan Thomas’s “Poem in October.” Browse more\npoems in syllabic verse.\n\nTanka A Japanese form of five lines with 5, 7, 5, 7, and 7 syllables—31 in\nall. See Philip Appleman’s “Three Haiku, Two Tanka.” See also renga.\n\nTercet A poetic unit of three lines, rhymed or unrhymed. Thomas Hardy’s “The\nConvergence of the Twain” rhymes AAA BBB; Ben Jonson’s “On Spies” is a three-\nline poem rhyming AAA; and Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind” is\nwritten in terza rima form. Examples of poems in unrhymed tercets include\nWallace Stevens’s “The Snow Man” and David Wagoner’s “For a Student Sleeping\nin a Poetry Workshop.”\n\nBrowse more poems with tercets.\n\nTerza rima An Italian stanzaic form, used most notably by Dante Alighieri in\nCommedia (The Divine Comedy), consisting of tercets with interwoven rhymes\n(ABA BCB DED EFE, and so on). A concluding couplet rhymes with the penultimate\nline of the last tercet. See Percy Bysshe Shelley’s “Ode to the West Wind,”\nDerek Walcott’s “The Bounty,” and Omeros, and Jacqueline Osherow’s “Autumn\nPsalm.”\n\nBrowse more poems in terza rima.\n\nTriolet An eight-line stanza having just two rhymes and repeating the first\nline as the fourth and seventh lines, and the second line as the eighth. See\nSandra McPherson’s “Triolet” or “Triolets in the Argolid” by Rachel Hadas.\n\nVerse As a mass noun, poetry in general; as a regular noun, a line of poetry.\nTypically used to refer to poetry that possesses more formal qualities.\n\nVerse paragraph A group of verse lines that make up a single rhetorical unit.\nIn longer poems, the first line is often indented, like a paragraph in prose.\nThe long narrative passages of John Milton’s Paradise Lost are verse\nparagraphs. The titled sections of Robert Pinsky’s “Essay on Psychiatrists”\ndemarcate shifts in focus and argument much as prose paragraphs would. A\nshorter lyric poem, even when broken into stanzas, could be considered a\nsingle verse paragraph, insofar as it expresses a unified mood or thought; see\nGail Mazur’s “Evening.”\n\nVillanelle A French verse form consisting of five three-line stanzas and a\nfinal quatrain, with the first and third lines of the first stanza repeating\nalternately in the following stanzas. These two refrain lines form the final\ncouplet in the quatrain. See “Do Not Go Gentle into That Good Night” by Dylan\nThomas, Elizabeth Bishop’s “One Art,” and Edwin Arlington Robinson’s “The\nHouse on the Hill.”\n\nBrowse more villanelles.\n\nNEWSLETTER SIGN-UP\n\nRSS Feeds\n\n * Articles\n * Poetry magazine\n * Harriet: News & Community\n * Poem of the Day\n * Audio Poem of the Day\n * Glossary Term of the Day\n\nNetwork\n\n * Find us on Facebook\n\n * Poetry Foundation\n * Poetry Foundation Children\n * Follow us on Twitter\n\n * Poetry Foundation\n * Poetry Magazine\n * Poetry News\n * Poetry Now\n\nSite Index\n\nPoems\n\n * Browse All Poems\n * Love Poems\n * Poems for Weddings\n * Children’s Poems\n\nPoets\n\n * 20th Century Poets\n * Women Poets\n\nFeatures\n\n * Articles\n * Audio & Podcasts\n * Video\n * Harriet: News & Community\n\nResources\n\n * Learning Lab\n * Glossary of Poetic Terms\n * Children’s Poetry\n * POETRY Mobile App\n\nPoetry magazine\n\n * Subscribe\n * Poetry magazine Archive\n * From the Editors: Blog\n * Submissions\n * About the Magazine\n * Advertising & Media Kit\n * Poetry magazine Prizes\n\nPrograms & Initiatives\n\n * Events\n * Awards\n * Foundation Library\n * HMPI\n * Media Partners & Affiliates\n * Poetry Out Loud\n\nAbout The Foundation\n\n * About Us\n * History and Mission\n * Press Releases\n * Plan a Visit\n * Staff & Board\n * Policies\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms of Use\n * Jobs\n\nContact Poetry Foundation\n\nGeneral Inquiries | Poetry magazine | Media & Press | Harriet Monroe Poetry\nInstitute | 61 West Superior Street, Chicago, IL 60654\n\nHours: Monday–Friday 11 a.m.–4 p.m.\n\n© 2015 Poetry Foundation\n\nOriginally appeared in Poetry magazine.\n\nThis poem has learning resources.\n\nThis poem is good for children.\n\nThis poem has related video.\n\nThis poem has related audio.\n\n"
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"title": "Overview of the Institute for Poetic Medicine,",
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"We are here to awaken soulfulness in the human voice. Our site offers voices and resources regarding the healing power of poetry. We are collectively dedicated to nurture and strengthen the human capacity to creatively connect to Self, Other, Community, the Natural World and the Divine.",
"The Institute of Poetic Medicine offers tools and support to people to heal body, mind and spirit through the creative and therapeutic process of hearing, speaking and writing poetry.",
"We support John’s work throughout the US and internationally to teach, heal and promote the power of poetry to comfort and transform, inform and enrich both person and community.",
"We provide development in-services for those involved in helping professions such as pastoral care, medicine and education; we also provide inspiration and sustenance to community activists and organizers.",
"We are a resource center for the inspiring and useful ways poetry-as-healer makes a difference and applies to the varied facets of our lives.",
"On this website you will find all of these “rivers” and we hope you will take some time to find what interests, moves and motivates you to make poetry more a part of your life.",
"This reading will blossom out of the work done with John Fox and the Institute for Poetic Medicine. It will include teens, children, parents and care-givers who are part of Project Avary."
]
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"parsed_md": "Overview of the Institute for Poetic Medicine,\n\nFree IPM Journal\n\nJournal Archives\n\nDonate\n\nContact\n\nOverview\n\nCourses & Programs\n\nPoetry Partners\n\nPoetic Medicine in Action\n\nCommunity of Poets\n\nPoetic Medicine Bag\n\nPoems speak to us when nothing else will.\n\nPoetry helps us feel our lives rather than be numb.\n\nTHE INSTITUTE FOR\n\nPoetic Medicine\n\nTo Awaken Soulfulness in the Human Voice\n\n# Welcome!\n\nWe are here to awaken soulfulness in the human voice. Our site offers voices\nand resources regarding the healing power of poetry. We are collectively\ndedicated to nurture and strengthen the human capacity to creatively connect\nto Self, Other, Community, the Natural World and the Divine.\n\nCan poetry heal?\n\nThis documentary gives a resounding yes!\n\nThis PBS documentary tells the stories of patients whose lives have been\ndramatical\n\nAbout John Fox\n\nHow IPM Began\n\nTestimonials\n\nBoard & Advisory Board\n\nYour Support Counts\n\nAcross the wall of the world, A River sings a beautiful song, Come rest here\nby my side.\n\nGive birth again To the dream.\n\n—Maya Angelou\n\nfrom On the Pulse of Morning\n\nThe Institute of Poetic Medicine offers tools and support to people to heal\nbody, mind and spirit through the creative and therapeutic process of hearing,\nspeaking and writing poetry.\n\nThe work of IPM flows in the deep current of these rivers:\n\n * We fund Poetry Partner Programs that bring poetic medicine to people often considered at the margins.\n * We offer a 3-year Certified Training program that provides certification in the practice of poetry-as-healer.\n * We provide multiple-ways to respond and participate on-line as a way to grow an interactive IPM community.\n * We support John’s work throughout the US and internationally to teach, heal and promote the power of poetry to comfort and transform, inform and enrich both person and community.\n * We provide development in-services for those involved in helping professions such as pastoral care, medicine and education; we also provide inspiration and sustenance to community activists and organizers.\n * We are a resource center for the inspiring and useful ways poetry-as-healer makes a difference and applies to the varied facets of our lives.\n * Free Poetic Medicine Journal. A beautiful, inspiring and informative quarterly journal.\n\nOn this website you will find all of these “rivers” and we hope you will take\nsome time to find what interests, moves and motivates you to make poetry more\na part of your life.\n\nUPCOMING EVENTS\n\n____________________\n\nOctober 21-23, 2016 San Diego, CA\n\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal\n\nAt the home of Lynn Pollock and Ilan Awerbuch\n\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\n_____________________\n\nDecember 3, 2016 Avary Project Poetry Reading Saturday Evening San Rafael, CA\n\nAvary Project Poetry Readings\n\nThis reading will blossom out of the work done with John Fox and the Institute\nfor Poetic Medicine. It will include teens, children, parents and care-givers\nwho are part of Project Avary.\n\nOpen to the public. More details to come! Contact: Amy Deleon, Event\nCoordinator amy@projectavary.org 415-457-8799 x306 www.projectavary.org\n\n____________________\n\nDecember 9-11, 2016 Kirkridge Retreat Center Bangor, PA\n\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal - A Writing & Poetry Retreat\n\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\n____________________\n\nFebruary 17-20, 2017 Mepkin Abbey\n\nMoncks Corner, SC\n\nA Single Line Opens the Way:\n\nJoining Poetry with Trust to\n\nNourish and Deepen Conteplative Practice\n\nJohn Fox and Sally Z. Hare, co-leaders INFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\n____________________\n\nFebruary 22, 2017 Annual Assembly of Hospice and Palliative Care w/ American\nAcademy of Hospice and Palliative Care and the Hospice and Palliative Care\nNurses Association\n\nPhoenix, AZ\n\nPalliative Care and the Art of Poem Making: A Pathway to\n\nDeepen Dialogue with Ourselves, Our Patients, Our Colleagues\n\npresented by Dr. Mike Rabow, Redwing Keyssar, RN, John Fox, CPT and Merijane\nBlock\n\naahpm.org/meetings/assembly\n\n____________________\n\nFebruary 24-26, 2017 Talk and Weekend Retreat Phoenix, AZ\n\nSeven Gifts: Poetry as a Pathway for Renewal - A Writing & Poetry Retreat\n\nINFORMATION & REGISTRATION\n\nCOMMUNITY OF POETS\n\nLisa A. Bertsch Poet & Yoga Instructor\n\nJoe Milosch Retired Trail Locator for the Cleveland National Forest\n\nJohn Bowman Former Newspaper Editor\n\nCharles Perakis Family Physician\n\nNancy Story Poet & Community College Teacher\n\nDon Winslow Retired Chemical Research Engineer\n\nPOETIC MEDICINE IN ACTION\n\nBahareh Amidil American-Iranian 'Poetess of Light'\n\nJack Coulehan Poet and Physician\n\nRichard Rosenfield Psychological Mainstream\n\nMuhammad Shakoor Power of Poetry\n\nPower of Poetry\n\nPOETIC MEDICINE BAG\n\nResources by John Fox Books, DVD, CD, Essays, Interviews, YouTube\n\nReviewed and Recommended Books\n\nBooks by Poetry Partners\n\nBooks by Board and Advisory Members\n\nExercises to Stir Youtr Voice\n\nOur Favorite Links Resources for Poets Board Members Websites Highly\nRecommended Websites Poetry Therapy Resources Institutions Where John Fox\nTeaches\n\nIPM Apparel and Merchandise\n\nOVERVIEW\n\nUpcoming Events\n\nAbout John Fox\n\nBoard Members and Advisory Members\n\nYour Support Count\n\nHow IPM Began\n\nA Letter to You from John\n\nFree IPM Journal\n\nJournal Archives\n\nCOURSES & PROGRAMS\n\nCertified Training Program\n\nCo-sponsored Programs\n\nPrivate Consultations\n\nRetreat\n\nCONTACT US\n\nSocial Media Links\n\nWebsite Forms\n\nCopyright © 2006-2016 The Institute for Poetic Medicine and John Fox\n\nPOETRY PARTNERS\n\nLisa DuVouno Club House Project\n\nWayne Gilbert Unlocked: Discovering Inner Resources\n\nKrista Harrison Rediscover Project\n\nMerna Ann Hetch Youth Voices\n\nAnnie Holden Finding Voice\n\nJim Hornsby Project Star\n\nJudith Prest Finding Our Voices\n\nBrian Sunset Writing Our Relationship with Trees\n\nJacinta White The Word ProjectJacinta\n\nCindy Washabaugh Who Am I, Where I Live ...\n\n"
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"title": "536. Ode. Intimations of Immortality. William Wordsworth. The Oxford Book of English Verse",
"passages": [
"William Wordsworth. 1770–1850 536. Ode Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood THERE was a time when meadow, grove, and stream,",
"The earth, and every common sight, To me did seem Apparell'd in celestial light, The glory and the freshness of a dream.| 5 It is not now as it hath been of yore;— Turn wheresoe'er I may, By night or day, The things which I have seen I now can see no more. The rainbow comes and goes,| 10 And lovely is the rose; The moon doth with delight Look round her when the heavens are bare; Waters on a starry night Are beautiful and fair;| 15 The sunshine is a glorious birth; But yet I know, where'er I go, That there hath pass'd away a glory from the earth. Now, while the birds thus sing a joyous song, And while the young lambs bound| 20 As to the tabor's sound, To me alone there came a thought of grief: A timely utterance gave that thought relief, And I again am strong: The cataracts blow their trumpets from the steep;| 25 No more shall grief of mine the season wrong; I hear the echoes through the mountains throng, The winds come to me from the fields of sleep, And all the earth is gay; Land and sea| 30 Give themselves up to jollity, And with the heart of May Doth every beast keep holiday;— Thou Child of Joy, Shout round me, let me hear thy shouts, thou happy| 35 Shepherd-boy! Ye blessèd creatures, I have heard the call Ye to each other make; I see The heavens laugh with you in your jubilee; My heart is at your festival,| 40 My head hath its coronal, The fulness of your bliss, I feel—I feel it all. O evil day! if I were sullen While Earth herself is adorning, This sweet May-morning,| 45 And the children are culling On every side, In a thousand valleys far and wide, Fresh flowers; while the sun shines warm, And the babe leaps up on his mother's arm:—| 50 I hear, I hear, with joy I hear! —But there's a tree, of many, one, A single field which I have look'd upon, Both of them speak of something that is gone: The pansy at my feet| 55 Doth the same tale repeat: Whither is fled the visionary gleam? Where is it now, the glory and the dream? Our birth is but a sleep and a forgetting: The Soul that rises with us, our life's Star,| 60 Hath had elsewhere its setting, And cometh from afar: Not in entire forgetfulness, And not in utter nakedness, But trailing clouds of glory do we come| 65 From God, who is our home: Heaven lies about us in our infancy! Shades of the prison-house begin to close Upon the growing Boy, But he beholds the light, and whence it flows,| 70 He sees it in his joy; The Youth, who daily farther from the east Must travel, still is Nature's priest, And by the vision splendid Is on his way attended;| 75 At length the Man perceives it die away, And fade into the light of common day. Earth fills her lap with pleasures of her own; Yearnings she hath in her own natural kind, And, even with something of a mother's mind,| 80 And no unworthy aim, The homely nurse doth all she can To make her foster-child, her Inmate Man, Forget the glories he hath known, And that imperial palace whence he came.| 85 Behold the Child among his new-born blisses, A six years' darling of a pigmy size! See, where 'mid work of his own hand he lies, Fretted by sallies of his mother's kisses, With light upon him from his father's eyes!| 90 See, at his feet, some little plan or chart, Some fragment from his dream of human life, Shaped by himself with newly-learnèd art; A wedding or a festival, A mourning or a funeral;| 95 And this hath now his heart, And unto this he frames his song: Then will he fit his tongue To dialogues of business, love, or strife; But it will not be long| 100 Ere this be thrown aside, And with new joy and pride The little actor cons another part; Filling from time to time his 'humorous stage' With all the Persons, down to palsied Age,| 105 That Life brings with her in her equipage; As if his whole vocation Were endless imitation. Thou, whose exterior semblance doth belie Thy soul's immensity;| 110 Thou best philosopher, who yet dost keep Thy heritage, thou eye among the blind, That, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep, Haunted for ever by the eternal mind,— Mighty prophet! Seer blest!| 115 On whom those truths do rest, Which we are toiling all our lives to find, In darkness lost, the darkness of the grave; Thou, over whom thy Immortality Broods like the Day, a master o'er a slave,| 120 A presence which is not to be put by; To whom the grave Is but a lonely bed without the sense or sight Of day or the warm light, A place of thought where we in waiting lie;| 125 Thou little Child, yet glorious in the might Of heaven-born freedom on thy being's height, Why with such earnest pains dost thou provoke The years to bring the inevitable yoke, Thus blindly with thy blessedness at strife?| 130 Full soon thy soul shall have her earthly freight, And custom lie upon thee with a weight, Heavy as frost, and deep almost as life! O joy! that in our embers Is something that doth live,| 135 That nature yet remembers What was so fugitive! The thought of our past years in me doth breed Perpetual benediction: not indeed For that which is most worthy to be blest—| 140 Delight and liberty, the simple creed Of childhood, whether busy or at rest, With new-fledged hope still fluttering in his breast:— Not for these I raise The song of thanks and praise;| 145 But for those obstinate questionings Of sense and outward things, Fallings from us, vanishings; Blank misgivings of a Creature Moving about in worlds not realized,| 150 High instincts before which our mortal Nature Did tremble like a guilty thing surprised: But for those first affections, Those shadowy recollections, Which, be they what they may,| 155 Are yet the fountain-light of all our day, Are yet a master-light of all our seeing; Uphold us, cherish, and have power to make Our noisy years seem moments in the being Of the eternal Silence: truths that wake,| 160 To perish never: Which neither listlessness, nor mad endeavour, Nor Man nor Boy, Nor all that is at enmity with joy, Can utterly abolish or destroy!| 165 Hence in a season of calm weather Though inland far we be, Our souls have sight of that immortal sea Which brought us hither, Can in a moment travel thither,| 170 And see the children sport upon the shore, And hear the mighty waters rolling evermore. Then sing, ye birds, sing, sing a joyous song! And let the young lambs bound As to the tabor's sound!| 175 We in thought will join your throng, Ye that pipe and ye that play, Ye that through your hearts to-day Feel the gladness of the May! What though the radiance which was once so bright| 180 Be now for ever taken from my sight, Though nothing can bring back the hour Of splendour in the grass, of glory in the flower; We will grieve not, rather find Strength in what remains behind;| 185 In the primal sympathy Which having been must ever be; In the soothing thoughts that spring Out of human suffering; In the faith that looks through death,| 190 In years that bring the philosophic mind. And O ye Fountains, Meadows, Hills, and Groves, Forebode not any severing of our loves! Yet in my heart of hearts I feel your might; I only have relinquish'd one delight| 195 To live beneath your more habitual sway. I love the brooks which down their channels fret, Even more than when I tripp'd lightly as they; The innocent brightness of a new-born Day Is lovely yet;| 200 The clouds that gather round the setting sun Do take a sober colouring from an eye That hath kept watch o'er man's mortality; Another race hath been, and other palms are won. Thanks to the human heart by which we live,| 205 Thanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears, To me the meanest flower that blows can give Thoughts that do often lie too deep for tears. CONTENTS · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD"
]
},
"parsed_md": "536\\. Ode. Intimations of Immortality. William Wordsworth. The Oxford Book of\nEnglish Verse\n\n| Arthur Quiller-Couch, ed. 1919. The Oxford Book of English Verse: 1250–1900. \n--- \nWilliam Wordsworth. 1770–1850 \n536\\. Ode Intimations of Immortality from Recollections of Early Childhood \nTHERE was a time when meadow, grove, and stream, \n--- \nThe earth, and every common sight, \nTo me did seem \nApparell'd in celestial light, \nThe glory and the freshness of a dream.| 5 \nIt is not now as it hath been of yore;— \nTurn wheresoe'er I may, \nBy night or day, \nThe things which I have seen I now can see no more. \nThe rainbow comes and goes,| 10 \nAnd lovely is the rose; \nThe moon doth with delight \nLook round her when the heavens are bare; \nWaters on a starry night \nAre beautiful and fair;| 15 \nThe sunshine is a glorious birth; \nBut yet I know, where'er I go, \nThat there hath pass'd away a glory from the earth. \nNow, while the birds thus sing a joyous song, \nAnd while the young lambs bound| 20 \nAs to the tabor's sound, \nTo me alone there came a thought of grief: \nA timely utterance gave that thought relief, \nAnd I again am strong: \nThe cataracts blow their trumpets from the steep;| 25 \nNo more shall grief of mine the season wrong; \nI hear the echoes through the mountains throng, \nThe winds come to me from the fields of sleep, \nAnd all the earth is gay; \nLand and sea| 30 \nGive themselves up to jollity, \nAnd with the heart of May \nDoth every beast keep holiday;— \nThou Child of Joy, \nShout round me, let me hear thy shouts, thou happy| 35 \nShepherd-boy! \nYe blessèd creatures, I have heard the call \nYe to each other make; I see \nThe heavens laugh with you in your jubilee; \nMy heart is at your festival,| 40 \nMy head hath its coronal, \nThe fulness of your bliss, I feel—I feel it all. \nO evil day! if I were sullen \nWhile Earth herself is adorning, \nThis sweet May-morning,| 45 \nAnd the children are culling \nOn every side, \nIn a thousand valleys far and wide, \nFresh flowers; while the sun shines warm, \nAnd the babe leaps up on his mother's arm:—| 50 \nI hear, I hear, with joy I hear! \n—But there's a tree, of many, one, \nA single field which I have look'd upon, \nBoth of them speak of something that is gone: \nThe pansy at my feet| 55 \nDoth the same tale repeat: \nWhither is fled the visionary gleam? \nWhere is it now, the glory and the dream? \nOur birth is but a sleep and a forgetting: \nThe Soul that rises with us, our life's Star,| 60 \nHath had elsewhere its setting, \nAnd cometh from afar: \nNot in entire forgetfulness, \nAnd not in utter nakedness, \nBut trailing clouds of glory do we come| 65 \nFrom God, who is our home: \nHeaven lies about us in our infancy! \nShades of the prison-house begin to close \nUpon the growing Boy, \nBut he beholds the light, and whence it flows,| 70 \nHe sees it in his joy; \nThe Youth, who daily farther from the east \nMust travel, still is Nature's priest, \nAnd by the vision splendid \nIs on his way attended;| 75 \nAt length the Man perceives it die away, \nAnd fade into the light of common day. \nEarth fills her lap with pleasures of her own; \nYearnings she hath in her own natural kind, \nAnd, even with something of a mother's mind,| 80 \nAnd no unworthy aim, \nThe homely nurse doth all she can \nTo make her foster-child, her Inmate Man, \nForget the glories he hath known, \nAnd that imperial palace whence he came.| 85 \nBehold the Child among his new-born blisses, \nA six years' darling of a pigmy size! \nSee, where 'mid work of his own hand he lies, \nFretted by sallies of his mother's kisses, \nWith light upon him from his father's eyes!| 90 \nSee, at his feet, some little plan or chart, \nSome fragment from his dream of human life, \nShaped by himself with newly-learnèd art; \nA wedding or a festival, \nA mourning or a funeral;| 95 \nAnd this hath now his heart, \nAnd unto this he frames his song: \nThen will he fit his tongue \nTo dialogues of business, love, or strife; \nBut it will not be long| 100 \nEre this be thrown aside, \nAnd with new joy and pride \nThe little actor cons another part; \nFilling from time to time his 'humorous stage' \nWith all the Persons, down to palsied Age,| 105 \nThat Life brings with her in her equipage; \nAs if his whole vocation \nWere endless imitation. \nThou, whose exterior semblance doth belie \nThy soul's immensity;| 110 \nThou best philosopher, who yet dost keep \nThy heritage, thou eye among the blind, \nThat, deaf and silent, read'st the eternal deep, \nHaunted for ever by the eternal mind,— \nMighty prophet! Seer blest!| 115 \nOn whom those truths do rest, \nWhich we are toiling all our lives to find, \nIn darkness lost, the darkness of the grave; \nThou, over whom thy Immortality \nBroods like the Day, a master o'er a slave,| 120 \nA presence which is not to be put by; \nTo whom the grave \nIs but a lonely bed without the sense or sight \nOf day or the warm light, \nA place of thought where we in waiting lie;| 125 \nThou little Child, yet glorious in the might \nOf heaven-born freedom on thy being's height, \nWhy with such earnest pains dost thou provoke \nThe years to bring the inevitable yoke, \nThus blindly with thy blessedness at strife?| 130 \nFull soon thy soul shall have her earthly freight, \nAnd custom lie upon thee with a weight, \nHeavy as frost, and deep almost as life! \nO joy! that in our embers \nIs something that doth live,| 135 \nThat nature yet remembers \nWhat was so fugitive! \nThe thought of our past years in me doth breed \nPerpetual benediction: not indeed \nFor that which is most worthy to be blest—| 140 \nDelight and liberty, the simple creed \nOf childhood, whether busy or at rest, \nWith new-fledged hope still fluttering in his breast:— \nNot for these I raise \nThe song of thanks and praise;| 145 \nBut for those obstinate questionings \nOf sense and outward things, \nFallings from us, vanishings; \nBlank misgivings of a Creature \nMoving about in worlds not realized,| 150 \nHigh instincts before which our mortal Nature \nDid tremble like a guilty thing surprised: \nBut for those first affections, \nThose shadowy recollections, \nWhich, be they what they may,| 155 \nAre yet the fountain-light of all our day, \nAre yet a master-light of all our seeing; \nUphold us, cherish, and have power to make \nOur noisy years seem moments in the being \nOf the eternal Silence: truths that wake,| 160 \nTo perish never: \nWhich neither listlessness, nor mad endeavour, \nNor Man nor Boy, \nNor all that is at enmity with joy, \nCan utterly abolish or destroy!| 165 \nHence in a season of calm weather \nThough inland far we be, \nOur souls have sight of that immortal sea \nWhich brought us hither, \nCan in a moment travel thither,| 170 \nAnd see the children sport upon the shore, \nAnd hear the mighty waters rolling evermore. \nThen sing, ye birds, sing, sing a joyous song! \nAnd let the young lambs bound \nAs to the tabor's sound!| 175 \nWe in thought will join your throng, \nYe that pipe and ye that play, \nYe that through your hearts to-day \nFeel the gladness of the May! \nWhat though the radiance which was once so bright| 180 \nBe now for ever taken from my sight, \nThough nothing can bring back the hour \nOf splendour in the grass, of glory in the flower; \nWe will grieve not, rather find \nStrength in what remains behind;| 185 \nIn the primal sympathy \nWhich having been must ever be; \nIn the soothing thoughts that spring \nOut of human suffering; \nIn the faith that looks through death,| 190 \nIn years that bring the philosophic mind. \nAnd O ye Fountains, Meadows, Hills, and Groves, \nForebode not any severing of our loves! \nYet in my heart of hearts I feel your might; \nI only have relinquish'd one delight| 195 \nTo live beneath your more habitual sway. \nI love the brooks which down their channels fret, \nEven more than when I tripp'd lightly as they; \nThe innocent brightness of a new-born Day \nIs lovely yet;| 200 \nThe clouds that gather round the setting sun \nDo take a sober colouring from an eye \nThat hath kept watch o'er man's mortality; \nAnother race hath been, and other palms are won. \nThanks to the human heart by which we live,| 205 \nThanks to its tenderness, its joys, and fears, \nTo me the meanest flower that blows can give \nThoughts that do often lie too deep for tears. \nCONTENTS · BIBLIOGRAPHIC RECORD \n--- \n| PREVIOUS| NEXT \n---|--- \nShakespeare · Bible · Strunk · Anatomy · Nonfiction · Quotations · Reference ·\nFiction · Poetry \n© 1993–2020 Bartleby.com · [Top 150] · Subjects · Titles · Authors · World Lit\n· Free Essays · Cookie Settings\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211107190535/http://shakespeare.mit.edu/asyoulikeit/asyoulikeit.2.7.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "SCENE VII. The forest.",
"passages": [
"If he, compact of jars, grow musical, We shall have shortly discord in the spheres. Go, seek him: tell him I would speak with him.",
"Why, how now, monsieur! what a life is this, That your poor friends must woo your company? What, you look merrily!",
"A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest, A motley fool; a miserable world! As I do live by food, I met a fool Who laid him down and bask'd him in the sun, And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, In good set terms and yet a motley fool. 'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. 'No, sir,' quoth he, 'Call me not fool till heaven hath sent me fortune:' And then he drew a dial from his poke, And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye, Says very wisely, 'It is ten o'clock: Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags: 'Tis but an hour ago since it was nine, And after one hour more 'twill be eleven; And so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe, And then, from hour to hour, we rot and rot; And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear The motley fool thus moral on the time, My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, That fools should be so deep-contemplative, And I did laugh sans intermission An hour by his dial. O noble fool! A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear.",
"O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier, And says, if ladies be but young and fair, They have the gift to know it: and in his brain, Which is as dry as the remainder biscuit After a voyage, he hath strange places cramm'd With observation, the which he vents In mangled forms. O that I were a fool! I am ambitious for a motley coat.",
"It is my only suit; Provided that you weed your better judgments Of all opinion that grows rank in them That I am wise. I must have liberty Withal, as large a charter as the wind, To blow on whom I please; for so fools have; And they that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh. And why, sir, must they so? The 'why' is plain as way to parish church: He that a fool doth very wisely hit Doth very foolishly, although he smart, Not to seem senseless of the bob: if not, The wise man's folly is anatomized Even by the squandering glances of the fool. Invest me in my motley; give me leave To speak my mind, and I will through and through Cleanse the foul body of the infected world, If they will patiently receive my medicine.",
"Most mischievous foul sin, in chiding sin: For thou thyself hast been a libertine, As sensual as the brutish sting itself; And all the embossed sores and headed evils, That thou with licence of free foot hast caught, Wouldst thou disgorge into the general world.",
"Why, who cries out on pride, That can therein tax any private party? Doth it not flow as hugely as the sea, Till that the weary very means do ebb? What woman in the city do I name, When that I say the city-woman bears The cost of princes on unworthy shoulders? Who can come in and say that I mean her, When such a one as she such is her neighbour? Or what is he of basest function That says his bravery is not of my cost, Thinking that I mean him, but therein suits His folly to the mettle of my speech? There then; how then? what then? Let me see wherein My tongue hath wrong'd him: if it do him right, Then he hath wrong'd himself; if he be free, Why then my taxing like a wild-goose flies, Unclaim'd of any man. But who comes here?",
"Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy distress, Or else a rude despiser of good manners, That in civility thou seem'st so empty?",
"You touch'd my vein at first: the thorny point Of bare distress hath ta'en from me the show Of smooth civility: yet am I inland bred And know some nurture. But forbear, I say: He dies that touches any of this fruit Till I and my affairs are answered.",
"Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: I thought that all things had been savage here; And therefore put I on the countenance Of stern commandment. But whate'er you are That in this desert inaccessible, Under the shade of melancholy boughs, Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time If ever you have look'd on better days, If ever been where bells have knoll'd to church, If ever sat at any good man's feast, If ever from your eyelids wiped a tear And know what 'tis to pity and be pitied, Let gentleness my strong enforcement be: In the which hope I blush, and hide my sword.",
"True is it that we have seen better days, And have with holy bell been knoll'd to church And sat at good men's feasts and wiped our eyes Of drops that sacred pity hath engender'd: And therefore sit you down in gentleness And take upon command what help we have That to your wanting may be minister'd.",
"Then but forbear your food a little while, Whiles, like a doe, I go to find my fawn And give it food. There is an old poor man, Who after me hath many a weary step Limp'd in pure love: till he be first sufficed, Oppress'd with two weak evils, age and hunger, I will not touch a bit.",
"Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy: This wide and universal theatre Presents more woeful pageants than the scene Wherein we play in.",
"All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts, His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the nurse's arms. And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel And shining morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school. And then the lover, Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad Made to his mistress' eyebrow. Then a soldier, Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard, Jealous in honour, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in the cannon's mouth. And then the justice, In fair round belly with good capon lined, With eyes severe and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saws and modern instances; And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts Into the lean and slipper'd pantaloon, With spectacles on nose and pouch on side, His youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble, pipes And whistles in his sound. Last scene of all, That ends this strange eventful history, Is second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste, sans everything.",
"Welcome; fall to: I will not trouble you As yet, to question you about your fortunes. Give us some music; and, good cousin, sing. SONG.",
"Blow, blow, thou winter wind. Thou art not so unkind As man's ingratitude; Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen, Although thy breath be rude. Heigh-ho! sing, heigh-ho! unto the green holly: Most friendship is feigning, most loving mere folly: Then, heigh-ho, the holly! This life is most jolly. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, That dost not bite so nigh As benefits forgot: Though thou the waters warp, Thy sting is not so sharp As friend remember'd not. Heigh-ho! sing, & c.",
"If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son, As you have whisper'd faithfully you were, And as mine eye doth his effigies witness Most truly limn'd and living in your face, Be truly welcome hither: I am the duke That loved your father: the residue of your fortune, Go to my cave and tell me. Good old man, Thou art right welcome as thy master is. Support him by the arm. Give me your hand, And let me all your fortunes understand."
]
},
"parsed_md": "SCENE VII. The forest.\n\nAs You Like It \n--- \nShakespeare homepage | As You Like It | Act 2, Scene 7 Previous scene | Next\nscene \n \n### SCENE VII. The forest.\n\n> A table set out. Enter DUKE SENIOR, AMIENS, and Lords like outlaws\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> I think he be transform'd into a beast; For I can no where find him like a\n> man.\n\nFirst Lord\n\n> My lord, he is but even now gone hence: Here was he merry, hearing of a\n> song.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> If he, compact of jars, grow musical, We shall have shortly discord in the\n> spheres. Go, seek him: tell him I would speak with him.\n>\n> Enter JAQUES\n\nFirst Lord\n\n> He saves my labour by his own approach.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Why, how now, monsieur! what a life is this, That your poor friends must woo\n> your company? What, you look merrily!\n\nJAQUES\n\n> A fool, a fool! I met a fool i' the forest, A motley fool; a miserable\n> world! As I do live by food, I met a fool Who laid him down and bask'd him\n> in the sun, And rail'd on Lady Fortune in good terms, In good set terms and\n> yet a motley fool. 'Good morrow, fool,' quoth I. 'No, sir,' quoth he, 'Call\n> me not fool till heaven hath sent me fortune:' And then he drew a dial from\n> his poke, And, looking on it with lack-lustre eye, Says very wisely, 'It is\n> ten o'clock: Thus we may see,' quoth he, 'how the world wags: 'Tis but an\n> hour ago since it was nine, And after one hour more 'twill be eleven; And\n> so, from hour to hour, we ripe and ripe, And then, from hour to hour, we rot\n> and rot; And thereby hangs a tale.' When I did hear The motley fool thus\n> moral on the time, My lungs began to crow like chanticleer, That fools\n> should be so deep-contemplative, And I did laugh sans intermission An hour\n> by his dial. O noble fool! A worthy fool! Motley's the only wear.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> What fool is this?\n\nJAQUES\n\n> O worthy fool! One that hath been a courtier, And says, if ladies be but\n> young and fair, They have the gift to know it: and in his brain, Which is as\n> dry as the remainder biscuit After a voyage, he hath strange places cramm'd\n> With observation, the which he vents In mangled forms. O that I were a fool!\n> I am ambitious for a motley coat.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Thou shalt have one.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> It is my only suit; Provided that you weed your better judgments Of all\n> opinion that grows rank in them That I am wise. I must have liberty Withal,\n> as large a charter as the wind, To blow on whom I please; for so fools have;\n> And they that are most galled with my folly, They most must laugh. And why,\n> sir, must they so? The 'why' is plain as way to parish church: He that a\n> fool doth very wisely hit Doth very foolishly, although he smart, Not to\n> seem senseless of the bob: if not, The wise man's folly is anatomized Even\n> by the squandering glances of the fool. Invest me in my motley; give me\n> leave To speak my mind, and I will through and through Cleanse the foul body\n> of the infected world, If they will patiently receive my medicine.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Fie on thee! I can tell what thou wouldst do.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> What, for a counter, would I do but good?\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Most mischievous foul sin, in chiding sin: For thou thyself hast been a\n> libertine, As sensual as the brutish sting itself; And all the embossed\n> sores and headed evils, That thou with licence of free foot hast caught,\n> Wouldst thou disgorge into the general world.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> Why, who cries out on pride, That can therein tax any private party? Doth it\n> not flow as hugely as the sea, Till that the weary very means do ebb? What\n> woman in the city do I name, When that I say the city-woman bears The cost\n> of princes on unworthy shoulders? Who can come in and say that I mean her,\n> When such a one as she such is her neighbour? Or what is he of basest\n> function That says his bravery is not of my cost, Thinking that I mean him,\n> but therein suits His folly to the mettle of my speech? There then; how\n> then? what then? Let me see wherein My tongue hath wrong'd him: if it do him\n> right, Then he hath wrong'd himself; if he be free, Why then my taxing like\n> a wild-goose flies, Unclaim'd of any man. But who comes here?\n>\n> Enter ORLANDO, with his sword drawn\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Forbear, and eat no more.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> Why, I have eat none yet.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Nor shalt not, till necessity be served.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> Of what kind should this cock come of?\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Art thou thus bolden'd, man, by thy distress, Or else a rude despiser of\n> good manners, That in civility thou seem'st so empty?\n\nORLANDO\n\n> You touch'd my vein at first: the thorny point Of bare distress hath ta'en\n> from me the show Of smooth civility: yet am I inland bred And know some\n> nurture. But forbear, I say: He dies that touches any of this fruit Till I\n> and my affairs are answered.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> An you will not be answered with reason, I must die.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> What would you have? Your gentleness shall force More than your force move\n> us to gentleness.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> I almost die for food; and let me have it.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Sit down and feed, and welcome to our table.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Speak you so gently? Pardon me, I pray you: I thought that all things had\n> been savage here; And therefore put I on the countenance Of stern\n> commandment. But whate'er you are That in this desert inaccessible, Under\n> the shade of melancholy boughs, Lose and neglect the creeping hours of time\n> If ever you have look'd on better days, If ever been where bells have\n> knoll'd to church, If ever sat at any good man's feast, If ever from your\n> eyelids wiped a tear And know what 'tis to pity and be pitied, Let\n> gentleness my strong enforcement be: In the which hope I blush, and hide my\n> sword.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> True is it that we have seen better days, And have with holy bell been\n> knoll'd to church And sat at good men's feasts and wiped our eyes Of drops\n> that sacred pity hath engender'd: And therefore sit you down in gentleness\n> And take upon command what help we have That to your wanting may be\n> minister'd.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> Then but forbear your food a little while, Whiles, like a doe, I go to find\n> my fawn And give it food. There is an old poor man, Who after me hath many a\n> weary step Limp'd in pure love: till he be first sufficed, Oppress'd with\n> two weak evils, age and hunger, I will not touch a bit.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Go find him out, And we will nothing waste till you return.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> I thank ye; and be blest for your good comfort!\n>\n> Exit\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Thou seest we are not all alone unhappy: This wide and universal theatre\n> Presents more woeful pageants than the scene Wherein we play in.\n\nJAQUES\n\n> All the world's a stage, And all the men and women merely players: They have\n> their exits and their entrances; And one man in his time plays many parts,\n> His acts being seven ages. At first the infant, Mewling and puking in the\n> nurse's arms. And then the whining school-boy, with his satchel And shining\n> morning face, creeping like snail Unwillingly to school. And then the lover,\n> Sighing like furnace, with a woeful ballad Made to his mistress' eyebrow.\n> Then a soldier, Full of strange oaths and bearded like the pard, Jealous in\n> honour, sudden and quick in quarrel, Seeking the bubble reputation Even in\n> the cannon's mouth. And then the justice, In fair round belly with good\n> capon lined, With eyes severe and beard of formal cut, Full of wise saws and\n> modern instances; And so he plays his part. The sixth age shifts Into the\n> lean and slipper'd pantaloon, With spectacles on nose and pouch on side, His\n> youthful hose, well saved, a world too wide For his shrunk shank; and his\n> big manly voice, Turning again toward childish treble, pipes And whistles in\n> his sound. Last scene of all, That ends this strange eventful history, Is\n> second childishness and mere oblivion, Sans teeth, sans eyes, sans taste,\n> sans everything.\n>\n> Re-enter ORLANDO, with ADAM\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Welcome. Set down your venerable burthen, And let him feed.\n\nORLANDO\n\n> I thank you most for him.\n\nADAM\n\n> So had you need: I scarce can speak to thank you for myself.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> Welcome; fall to: I will not trouble you As yet, to question you about your\n> fortunes. Give us some music; and, good cousin, sing. SONG.\n\nAMIENS\n\n> Blow, blow, thou winter wind. Thou art not so unkind As man's ingratitude;\n> Thy tooth is not so keen, Because thou art not seen, Although thy breath be\n> rude. Heigh-ho! sing, heigh-ho! unto the green holly: Most friendship is\n> feigning, most loving mere folly: Then, heigh-ho, the holly! This life is\n> most jolly. Freeze, freeze, thou bitter sky, That dost not bite so nigh As\n> benefits forgot: Though thou the waters warp, Thy sting is not so sharp As\n> friend remember'd not. Heigh-ho! sing, & c.\n\nDUKE SENIOR\n\n> If that you were the good Sir Rowland's son, As you have whisper'd\n> faithfully you were, And as mine eye doth his effigies witness Most truly\n> limn'd and living in your face, Be truly welcome hither: I am the duke That\n> loved your father: the residue of your fortune, Go to my cave and tell me.\n> Good old man, Thou art right welcome as thy master is. Support him by the\n> arm. Give me your hand, And let me all your fortunes understand.\n>\n> Exeunt\n>\n> Shakespeare homepage | As You Like It | Act 2, Scene 7 Previous scene | Next\n> scene \n> ---\n\n"
}
] |
241,622 | How To Make a Tutu | To make a tutu, start by getting some tulle and cutting it into strips that are twice the length you want your tutu to be. Then, cut a piece of elastic to the same length as your waist measurement and tie or sew the ends together. Next, slide the elastic onto the waist of a mannequin or other object that's about the size of your waist. Once the elastic is secure, take a tulle strip, fold it in half, and slide it under the elastic. To secure the tulle to the elastic, take the end of the tulle and slide it through the loop at the top. Finally, repeat with the rest of the tulle strips until the entire band is covered. | [
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"original_url": "https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417055312/https://www.rookiemag.com/2012/09/how-to-make-a-tutu/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Make a Tutu",
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"How to make a tutu, a simple DIY on how to make a super easy no-sew tutu dress that works for both babies and adults! If the little girl in your life has been begging for a tutu – you’ve come to the right place! Use my step-by-step (and super easy!) no-sew tutu tutorial to make one or two (or ten!) of your very own.",
"These no-sew DIY tutus are perfect for dress-up time, a birthday party favor or theme, or even costumes for dance recitals. I see them on 5k and fun run runners all the time – so cute and easy! People all over the world are getting their tulle on! The tutus you can make from these DIY instructions are very full and beautiful – great for quick Halloween costumes, too (I won’t judge).",
"As a professional crafter, I have made my fair share of tutus. And as a craft site, I am asked a lot on how to make a tutu, so I brought over some information from my tulle site to share with y’all!",
"Tutus are super easy and fun to make. You can buy nearly any type of tulle and create tutus for all of your costumes! No need to buy a tutu when it’s so easy to make one. Now while this type of tutu is “no sew” keep in mind the elastic needs a small stitch to hold around the waist. Other than that, it’s so super easy to make a tutu, that even my 10-year-old can do it.",
"I’ve broken down the process to make this tutu into simple steps. This way you can do the whole thing in one sitting or a bit at a time. Scroll to bottom for a free no-sew tutu tutorial guide that you can print.",
"Tulle Fabric – I love to use 6-inch tulle, rather than big bolts when making just one tutu. This way I only have to cut the tulle to length, not width too! If you’re making for a crowd I suggest buying by the bolt to save some money. If you go that route, you generally have to cut the length and width. You’ll need about 20 yards of tulle to create a full tutu.",
"Elastic – On elastic width, that’s preference. I find with older girls, the 1-inch width is a good size, but for the babies, you may want something less wide like a 3/4-inch elastic. They cost about $1.20 at Walmart and are in the fabric and crafting section. For an adult tutu, you can get wider elastic, understanding that if you go too wide it will fold over when you add your tulle. I would recommend between 1-1.5 inches wide.",
"Tulle TIP: Bolts can be expensive at the craft or fabric store, so I highly recommend you purchase a bolt (or two or three, to mix colors) to make this craft. In the height of my tutu hairbow holder days, I only bought online. Make sure you have your tulle ready for this craft because it takes a LOT. Buying it by the bolt is the smartest thing you can do.",
"It’s pretty inexpensive on Amazon and often with free shipping for less than half what you can get at the craft or fabric stores!",
"The first thing you need to begin making a tutu is measure the waist the tutu will be going on. No matter whether this is for a baby or an adult, the process is the same. Once you have a waist measurement line, subtract 2-3 inches from the measurement and cut your elastic band.",
"Your elastic will get stretched out while adding your tulle so if you don’t subtract those inches, your tutu will be too big. Making the band slightly smaller than the waist will make sure it stays put – no one wants a droopy tutu!",
"Tutu TIP: Instead of an elastic waist band, you can use big satin ribbon and then just tie in a bow. This makes it a true no sew tutu. It’s easy removal...but that’s half the problem...your child, especially if you have a young one, can remove it. Elastic is a lot snugger if you want it to stay on.",
"I like to do this by hand, as it’s hard on the sewing machine to run the thick pieces through, but you can do it either way. Set your circle of elastic to the side.",
"Now its time to get your tulle ready! Pre-cut your tulle, doubling the length from what you want the finished length to be.",
"For example, if you want a 12-inch long tutu, you will need to measure a 24-inch piece of tulle, as it will be doubled over. If you want a skirt that is approximately 20-inches long, your tulle will need to measure 40-inches long.",
"I like to cut all the tulle at once so I am ready to put together the entire skirt in one go. This prep for your tulle is very important and will allow you to continue moving quickly while creating your no-sew tutu. But I do all the trimming of the ends of the skirt at the end so don’t worry so much about measuring it perfectly",
"Tip: Tulle comes in bolts and is already folded. Do not unfold the tulle from the bolt. Simply measure the length and cut, leaving your tulle doubled up. You can see an example of how to fold tulle for a skirt OR a tutu hairbow holder here on my video.",
"This video was made for a How to make a tutu hairbow holder article, but the concept for folding is exactly the same.",
"Add your elastic waist to a pitcher, the back of a chair, or even the legs of an upturned stool. (see demonstration below).",
"Create a loop at the center of each cut piece to set up a slip knot with your tulle and slip under the elastic band.",
"Tighten the knot of the tulle gently – you want the knot snug but not so tight it doubles over the elastic band.",
"Where you did the sewing of the elastic, it will be a little hard to knot the tulle and close the last few pieces over the top. I always put an embellishment in that area to cover up any discrepancy. A little ribbon bow or flower works perfect here, as you can see on my tutu! Embellishments are a cute addition to a tutu made with satin ribbon, too!",
"Download free 3 page tutu tutorial guide so you can keep the instructions with you while not on computer! Just click the image below for an instant download!",
"I hope that helps you when you make your new tutu for your little one! Or yourself. (Remember, I won’t judge!)",
"Note: this article may contain affiliate links. If you make a purchase using one of these links, I may be paid a referral fee at no expense to you.",
"Hello~! Welcome to MomDot. My name is Stephanie and this is my little spot on the web! Feel free to contact me here, I love hearing from you!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Rookie » How to Make a Tutu\n\nThis is an archive. This site is no longer being updated.\n\nIssue 13: Drama\n\n## How to Make a Tutu\n\nFluffffffffy.\n\nMarlena Mayle 09/14/2012\n\nRookie is no longer publishing new content, but we hope you'll continue to\nenjoy the archives, or books, and the community you've helped to create. Thank\nyou for seven very special years! ✴\n\n#### About Rookie\n\nRookie is an online magazine and book series for teenagers. Each month, a\ndifferent editorial theme drives the writing, photography, and artwork that we\npublish. Learn more about us here, and find out how to submit your work here!\n\n## More from Style\n\n * #### How to Customize a Varsity Jacket\n\n05/10/2016 Savana Ogburn\n\n * #### Victorian Style\n\n10/09/2013 Ragini Nag Rao\n\n * #### Rookie Style Nationwide\n\n08/09/2012 Rookie\n\n## More to See\n\n * #### On Returning\n\n08/27/2015 Karisma Price\n\n * #### Looking Around, Not Up\n\n08/19/2015 Briana\n\n * #### When the Closet Door Jams\n\n08/21/2015 Sunny\n\n## Next Article\n\n#### Bad Girls Do It Well\n\n09/14/2012 Emma Straub\n\nWith the amount of tulle that I saw on the moodboard for this month’s issue, I\nfigured it would be not only appropriate but necessary for me to do a tutu\nDIY! While you might not be the type to wear a tutu every day, I think it’s\nalways a good idea to have one on hand just in case you ever get the urge to\nfrolic around in yards of frilly fabric. Or maybe you just want something to\nwear with your Halloween costume this year. Either way, this is a winner.\n\nYou’ll need:\n\n * Tulle (and lots of it). For my tutu I used 10 yards of 54-inch-wide tulle. I think this amount would work best for small/medium-size folks. For larger sizes you’ll probably want at least double that amount. If you want a longer tutu, use wider pieces of tulle.\n * A piece of fabric measuring 5′′ in width and your waist* measurement in length, four extra inches for overlap.\n * A piece of ribbon that’s long enough to fit around your waist,* plus a little extra to tie the ends off with.\n * Scissors\n * Measuring tape\n * Sewing pins\n * A sewing machine\n\n* When I say waist I mean wherever you want the top of the tutu to sit–this could be at your natural waistline, low-waisted, or on yourhips. It’s up to you!\n\nCutting the fabric:\n\n1\\. Lay out all your fabric on a flat surface.\n\n2\\. Measure seven inches in from the outer edge of the tulle with a measuring\ntape. Mark this measurement with a pin.\n\n3\\. From that pinned point, measure and mark another seven inches, and so on.\nKeep pinning each point and measuring another seven inches from it.\n\n4\\. Cut the fabric into strips, using the sewing pins as a guide. The strips\nshould be (roughly) seven inches wide.\n\n5\\. Repeat this measuring and cutting process on all of your fabric until all\nyou’re left with is a ton of fabric strips.\n\n6\\. At this point you’re probably thinking, How the eff am I supposed to make\nall of that look like a tutu? I promise it’s possible! I’ll show you how in\nthe next step.\n\nMaking the tutu:\n\n1\\. Lay out one of the tulle strips and cinch it in the middle.\n\n2\\. Fold the strip in half and form a loop towards the top of it.\n\n3\\. Next , grab your ribbon and place the folded piece of tulle, looped side\nup, under it.\n\n4\\. Weave the bottom ends of the tulle strip through the loop.\n\n5\\. Pull the ends of the tulle up through the loop until a knot forms.\n\n6\\. Continue this knotting process with the all of tulle strips until you’ve\nfilled the entire length of ribbon.\n\n7\\. When you’re done adding all of the tulle strips, tie off each end of the\nribbon to secure the strips in place.\n\n8\\. At this point, if you’re not really interested in adding a waistband to\nyour tutu, you can just leave it as is and use the ends of the ribbon to tie\nthe two sides of the tutu together when you wear it.\n\nAttaching the waistband:\n\nI’m throwing this step in for anyone who wants the waistline of their tutu to\nlook a bit more finished, as opposed to having all of the tulle knots showing\nwhen you wear the tutu. Again, it’s not 100% necessary that you do this; it’s\nreally just a way of making the tutu look a bit more put together.\n\n1\\. Fold your waistband fabric in half and mark the center point with a pin.\n\n2\\. Do the same with your tutu. Fold the whole thing in half and mark the\ncenter point with a pin.\n\n3\\. Line the two pins up. Pin the tutu and waistband together at this point.\n\n4\\. Continue pinning the waist band fabric to the rest of the skirt’s\nwaistline, lining the edge of the fabric up with the tops of the tulle knots.\n\n5\\. Flip the tutu over so the knots are facing you (instead of the waistband\nfabric) and sew a straight stitch right under the knots.\n\n6\\. Fold and pin the raw edges of the waistband fabric over about 1/2′′ to\ncreate a hem, and stitch them closed.\n\n7\\. And finally, tie the tutu on, fluff it up, and enjoy! ♦\n\ndiy tutus\n\nShare:\n\n * Twitter\n * Tumblr\n * Facebook\n * Pin It\n\n### Related Articles\n\n * #### How to Make a High-Low Skirt in Less Than 15 Minutes\n\n * #### Queens of the Neighborhood: A Tutorial\n\n * #### DIY Ruffled Tee\n\n * #### Because You Can\n\n * #### Miss World\n\n * #### Crown of Love\n\n### 48 Comments\n\n * Abby September 14th, 2012 3:16 PM\n\nOMGEE THIS IS AMAZING.\n\n * Sorcha September 14th, 2012 3:18 PM\n\n2 legit 2 quit\n\n * Libby September 14th, 2012 3:32 PM\n\nThis is ace. Never the way I made tutus before (always just got a few layers\nof tulle, folded over a huge hem, stuffed elastic through the hem, and sewed a\nseam down the side) but this is so much better and froofy and perfect. I know\nwhat I’m doing next weekend.\n\n * WinnieB. September 14th, 2012 3:33 PM\n\nThis is so beautiful! Any tips on how I could make it not quite so full? Just\nnot fluff it up as much? I’m afraid it’ll make my hips look super wide... :)\n\n * Marlena Mayle September 14th, 2012 5:54 PM\n\nI’m pretty sure that if you make the strips of tulle longer in length and\nthinner in width the finished tutu won’t look quite as full.\n\n * zombiesockmonkey September 16th, 2012 12:34 AM\n\nI’d try wearing it at your natural waist. That’s how I do big full skirts with\nmy big hips and it actually does the opposite :)\n\n * SiLK September 14th, 2012 3:51 PM\n\nI was just looking for a tutorial that didn’t involve spending several hours\nof my life sewing, woooooo! (Rookie, you never cease to amaze me with how\noften, within a week or so of me hoping for something, you post something that\nanswers my unspoken wishes, should I worry that Tavi not only lives under my\nbed, but can also read my mind?)\n\n * Abby September 16th, 2012 3:14 PM\n\nI’m pretty sure that Tavi and everyone else at Rookie lives simultaneously\nunder all of our beds and in all of our minds.... Just saying...\n\n * Tavi Gevinson September 16th, 2012 3:16 PM\n\nBE VERY AFRAID\n\n * Amy Rose Spiegel September 14th, 2012 4:03 PM\n\nMost amazing!\n\n * darksideoftherainbow September 14th, 2012 4:14 PM\n\nstop. it. now i’m going to be obsessed with this until i make one for me and\none for my niece. i wore a skirt that was almost a tutu to a high school dance\nat the boys’ school (i went to an all girls hs) one time and tho i got some\nstares, it was the BEST. so girly and so fun! THANK YOU FOR THIS NEW\nOBSESSION.\n\n * commedesfilles September 14th, 2012 4:50 PM\n\nMaking tutus used to be my thing. They’re also pretty fun to make out of\ngrocery bags or old newspaper, cut into squares. you attach to the “waistband”\nby the centre of the square. My school never did an eco-fashion day after i\nfound out about that so i could never showcase it.\n\n * MissKnowItAll September 14th, 2012 4:52 PM\n\nCAN I MARRY YOU MARLENA?\n\n * cloeysmiles September 14th, 2012 6:34 PM\n\nCan i please have your shirt? It’s asdkl awesome.\n\n * GlitterKitty September 14th, 2012 6:45 PM\n\nOMG I AM IN LOVE. I have wanted a tutu forever. I am completely obsessed.\nMaybe it’s because I do ballet and hardly ever get to wear a tutu. But this is\namazing and lovely and OMG OMG OMG.\n\nOn another note, Tavi is in the Globe and Mail newspaper! I was very happily\nsurprised! The title is “It’s Tavi’s World” which I totally agree with. Look\nit up online, it’s a good article.\n\n * KinuKinu September 14th, 2012 7:29 PM\n\ni dont think i have ever been happier ever in my whole entire life..........i\nneed to make this yesterday omg\n\n * emilycarolina September 14th, 2012 7:42 PM\n\nYES YES YES thank you. I have to buy tutu’s for ballet class and they’re\naround $50 but now I can make my own.\n\nWhere is that shirt from? I must have it!\n\n * brennachan September 14th, 2012 7:49 PM\n\nBeautiful tutu!! This looks better than most tutus in stores! I’ll definitely\nwant to try this sometime :)\n\n * ballerinableu September 14th, 2012 9:15 PM\n\nI’m a ballerina, and I want one of these just so I can wear it out and not\nhave to worry about ruining a five hundred dollar tutu.\n\n * Ms.SNL September 14th, 2012 9:26 PM\n\nYou have inspired me to make a tutu and dance around like a ballerina!\n\n * ivoire September 14th, 2012 11:07 PM\n\nthis is so sick omg thank u marlena!\n\n * daisyhaneisha September 15th, 2012 12:24 AM\n\nOmlosh- I just made a tutu two days ago!! Defs gonna try this pattern for my\nnext one though.\n\n * Graciexx September 15th, 2012 12:48 AM\n\nthis is amazing! could you wear it as an underskirt/petticoat under dresses to\nmake them fluffy?\n\n * Miarele September 15th, 2012 2:42 AM\n\nI am OBSESSED with tutus and tulle fabric in general. They’re just so\nwhimsical and dreamy and fabulous and and everything nice :DD Thank you for\nthis, Marlena, def. my fav DIY from you so far. I like how you coordinate your\ntutu in the las pic too! :)\n\n * Cookies-Candles September 15th, 2012 2:54 AM\n\nI love this!!!!!! Going to make a tutu ASAP. :)\n\n * tallulahpond September 15th, 2012 3:23 AM\n\nI’m so going to make this in black, with jet beads on. And then march around\nlooking like a gothic ballet dancer. ————– Enjoy the work of young writers?\nCome join us at , for feminist, fandoms and fabulousness. We are the\nTwitettes, 5 young writers who have never met, brought together by the\ninternet.\n\n * aidee September 15th, 2012 4:04 AM\n\nThis is super pretty! marlena you are the best.\n\n * ClaraMaurer September 15th, 2012 1:05 PM\n\nThis is just ... Oh my god , i will do it tommorow\n\n * emilyowls September 15th, 2012 2:48 PM\n\ni wanna make a floor length one!!! too much?\n\n * Mimi7 September 15th, 2012 5:55 PM\n\nWhen I was little I didn’t even take ballet, but I would wear ballet shoes and\ntutu’s around just because they were so pretty :)\n\nThis looks so fun! Thanks for showing it in an easy way, seems like a perfect\nproject for this weekend!\n\n * marengo September 15th, 2012 8:43 PM\n\nOMIGOSH PERFEECT\n\n * Erykaneisha September 15th, 2012 9:53 PM\n\nOmg, that’s hella cute!\n\n * Hannah September 16th, 2012 1:01 AM\n\nI made my tutu, but it’s not as full as I wanted. Should I just buy more tulle\nand add on to it, or is there any other suggestions?\n\n * paige.xo September 16th, 2012 7:33 AM\n\nWow. I love it. I might do this one day in the holidays maybe.. :)\n\n * laurajane September 16th, 2012 4:46 PM\n\nIs it just or do tutus scream Mabel Pines? I’m debating adding one to my Mabel\ncostume for Halloween.\n\n * therealmadeline September 16th, 2012 8:17 PM\n\nOmg I was looking for something that would work for my quenn of hearts costume\nand this is gonna be perfect\n\n * paddyelephant September 17th, 2012 1:13 AM\n\nSOO COMPLETELY AWESOME!! THANKS FOR SHARING!!\n\n * RXLWK September 17th, 2012 6:20 AM\n\n12 years of ballet school and 8 years as an art-goth and I never figured this\nout for myself... YOU ARE BRILLIANT! This is effing awesome!\n\n * Montgomery September 17th, 2012 9:49 AM\n\nLove your diy’s marlena! thanks so much.\n\n * brwnydwrld September 17th, 2012 3:21 PM\n\nahhhhhhhhh where’d you got that shirt?? xx\n\n * Miss Beehive September 18th, 2012 2:39 AM\n\nLOVE your DIY ideas! Can’t wait to get crafty!\n\n * LadyByron September 18th, 2012 3:36 PM\n\nWhat a lovely DIY project!\n\n * Tabea September 19th, 2012 12:52 PM\n\nThis. Is. Gorgeous. (and totally fluffy.)\n\n * LilySew September 24th, 2012 11:30 AM\n\nAhh ~ just made one of these..but i made it with just regular fabrics of the\nfloral and sheer variety. It ended up looking great – not quite a ‘tutu’ in\nthe way of looking puffy – but it still looks so good and it was so easy.\nThanks Rookie :D\n\n * MrsMurphy September 28th, 2012 3:33 AM\n\nI want to make a costume for my daughter that involves a full length tutu. How\ndo I measure the tulle to get the length I desire?\n\n * hellosmith October 9th, 2012 12:25 AM\n\nis it possible for users to favorite a post? BECAUSE I WANT TO FAVORITE THIS.\n\n * Georgia-Lee October 20th, 2012 1:43 AM\n\nI just ordered some tulle online, but it’s only 15.24 cm wide but I brought 22\nmetres of it. Do you think it will still work to make this if I cut the fabric\nlengthwise rather than horizontally?\n\nI just changed my Halloween costume to the white swan (off ‘Black Swan’) so I\nreally need to get onto making it, stat! ~thanks ♡\n\n * -rosieroses- December 10th, 2012 1:45 PM\n\nI really love your t-shirt! Where did you buy it? I am desperately looking on\nthe internet right now haha!\n\nxoxo\n\nIllustration by Lucia S.\n\n"
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] |
1,494,462 | How To Store Rice Paper | To store rice paper, start by wrapping it in food-grade plastic wrap if you've already opened the package. Then, place the wrapped rice paper in its original packaging and store it in a cool, dry place. Make sure you use the rice paper before the date specified on the package. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200814205249/https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210729101138/https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html"
] | train | -1 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200814205249/https://www.inspiredtaste.net/13004/how-to-buy-and-use-rice-paper-wrappers/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers",
"passages": [
"If you’ve ever had a summer roll (or salad roll) from a Vietnamese restaurant, you’ve eaten a rice paper wrapper. They are super thin wrappers traditionally made from rice, water and salt that can be filled with almost anything. Since they are so thin, the wrappers are almost translucent so you can see whatever is inside. They also have a nice chewiness to them.",
"We’ve most often seen rice paper wrappers wrapped around shrimp, pork, fresh vegetables and noodles. That doesn’t mean you couldn’t wrap them around other ingredients — we have even filled rice paper with bacon, lettuce and tomato for BLT Summer Rolls.",
"YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: How to make summer rolls filled with bacon, tomato, lettuce and a lime-flavored mayonnaise. Jump to the Bacon, Lettuce and Tomato Summer Rolls Recipe.",
"Depending on where you live, you might get lucky and find rice paper wrappers sold in the International food aisle of your local grocery or health food store. Otherwise, the best selection will be at Vietnamese or Chinese food market. Online is also an excellent option.",
"Avoid wrappers that are made with 100% tapioca since they are trickier to wrap. Instead, look for wrappers made with rice or with a combination of rice and tapioca. (By the way, rice paper wrappers should be gluten-free. Some packages say wheat is an ingredient. It is likely an error in translation).",
"I really like the 8 1/2 inch wrappers since they are easier to work with that wrappers that are smaller/larger.",
"Look for the Three Ladies brand or one with a red rose on the label. We’ve had great success with these and they are widely accepted as quality options.",
"If there are multiple options, choose the most expensive option. Rice paper won’t cost a lot anyway, so reaching for the option that’s 50 cents more isn’t too much of a stretch.",
"Once the package has been opened, place it into a resealable plastic bag and store in the pantry or cupboard.",
"Rice paper is sold in dried sheets. Before using them, you will need to rehydrate them to make them pliable.",
"Once rehydrated, rice paper can be eaten as is — like with summer rolls — or fried. Fresh rolls are the most common way we work with rice paper in our kitchen. It isn’t something we recommend you bake with, though. When it comes to frying, rice paper becomes incredibly crisp and light. For more tips on frying rice paper rolls, we recommend reading through Andrea Nguyen’s article.",
"Wrapping rice paper is easy — just as easy as wrapping a burrito. You will also get better the more often you do it. Even so, they don’t need to be perfect!",
"I mentioned before that rice paper is sold in dried sheets. To make them more pliable and ready for rolling, you will need warm water.",
"Add warm water to a shallow dish or baking tin that is wider than the rice paper you are using. Working one rice paper sheet at a time, slide the sheet into the warm water. Leave the sheet in the water for a few seconds — anymore and it will become too soft and start sticking to itself. You are really just dipping it into the water.",
"Remove the moistened, but still slightly firm rice paper sheet and place it onto a flat work surface. Leave it for a minute or two — in this time the paper will become even more pliable. It is ready to fill and roll when it’s pliable and a little sticky.",
"Firmly, roll the whole thing up, using your fingers to keep the fillings pushed towards the middle of the roll and tight.",
"When working with or rolling the wrappers, you might find one tears. If the rice paper tears a bit, don’t worry, just overlap the two torn edges and continue on like nothing happened.",
"Fresh summer rolls are best eaten straight away, but you can store them wrapped in plastic wrap in the fridge for a few hours. Just keep the rolls away from one another as they tend to stick to each other over time.",
"If you are storing overnight, you might want to add a layer of damp paper towels before the plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.",
"I noticed the rice paper we have at our local paper has a bad after taste. Any way to eliminate that after taste?",
"* Joanne May 2, 2018, 2:48 pm\nHi Chris, I’m not really sure how to eliminate this. I’d try a different store and see if you can find another brand sold in your area.",
"* Joanne June 8, 2017, 3:03 pm\nHi Ramona, For traditional spring rolls, we love a peanut sauce, although we do not have a recipe for one on Inspired Taste.",
"A Vietnamese friend taught me to lay a damp kitchen cloth down to work on and use one to cover the rolls while you work if you are making a large number it does help. Her recipe used one red lettuce leaf, rice noodles, Thai basil, cilantro, mint leaves, shreads of carrots, cucumber sticks and chicken or shrimp.",
"* Joanne January 5, 2017, 1:46 pm\nYes, you can deep fry the rice paper rolls. Since rice paper is so fragile, quite a few people prefer to use wrappers that are labeled as spring roll wrappers (which often have a bit of wheat flour added). These hold up a little easier.",
"Omg I should have read this site before I put all the rice papers in the water all at once! Very embarrassed now😂It wasn’t so easy slowly separating them, but I managed and they were delicious 5 stars",
"Just embarking on trying my next burger on a rice wrap. I’m tired of losing all the good juice from a delicious burger (pickles, GF sauce, lettuce, onion). The BLT will be first on my ‘to-do’ list. Thanks for your good work on this subject!",
"Yes, I also thought this was a great way to enjoy a BLT especially during this hot weather. I plan on taking them to a cookout. Can these be made the night before and stored in the refrigerator? Thank you for your wonderful help. I have never used rice paper wrappers before.",
"* Joanne July 28, 2016, 4:57 pm\nHi Maureen, Rice paper tends to dry out when left overnight. If you can, make them the day of and then wrap them with plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.",
"Thank you for this info. I just saw a recipe I want to try but had no idea where to buy the rice paper or really how to use them. Now I do and cannot wait to try the recipe!",
"Hi, I opened my rice paper rolls a while ago! I put them in a zip lock bag in my cupboard, and recently wanted to make some Again! They’re the exact brand as that. I was wondering if you know if they exprire or not as I can’t read the package! Thank you!",
"* Joanne December 22, 2015, 1:02 pm\nIf the wrappers were stored in a bag (we like using a resealable bag) then they should last a couple years.",
"I made theses today and all went well until I put then in a container to store and the stuck together. Any sugesstions for keeping them from sticking together. I rubbed olive oil on my hands and sort of got them unstuck but just wondering if there’s some sort of trick?",
"* Joanne October 16, 2015, 12:55 pm\nHi Barbara, We’re not sure of any special tricks on this one. Placing a piece of parchment paper in between the rolls or individually wrapping with plastic wrap is probably your best bet.",
"* john September 6, 2016, 3:08 pm\nI wrap them and leave them whole then wrap lightly in saran wrap. I cut the rolls into smaller pieces just before I am ready to eat them. I even make them the night before and take to lunch the next day. love that little chew.",
"We are so happy you’re here. We’re Adam and Joanne, the creators of Inspired Taste. We develop the recipes, photograph, shoot videos, and we’re the ones answering your cooking questions. More about us...",
"My best tips for making mimosas! What’s better to serve at brunch than a fabulous mimosa recipe made with dry sparkling wine and orange juice? Jump to the... Read more",
"These easy, cheesy baked zucchini chips are addictive. They are perfect for kids and adults alike. We love serving them as an appetizer, snack or as a side... Read more",
"How to make crispy baked sweet potato fries that are caramelized and on the outside and tender on the inside. No fryer needed here. Consider making a double... Read more",
"How to make creamy healthy mashed cauliflower in less than 20 minutes. This is easier than mashed potatoes. No peeling! Our recipe makes cauliflower that’s light, fluffy, and... Read more",
"How we make the best homemade fluffy pancakes. This easy recipe makes pancakes that are light and fluffy and only calls for a few simple ingredients you probably have in... Read more",
"Easy baked spaghetti made with ground beef, marinara sauce, mozzarella cheese, and a hidden layer of creamy pesto sauce in the middle. Pure comfort! Jump to the Easy... Read more"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Browse Recipes\n\n * Recipes by Category\n\n * Recipe Videos\n * Our Favorites\n * Meatless\n * Dinner\n * Soups and Stews\n * Appetizers\n * Side Dishes\n * Breakfast\n * Baking\n * Quick\n * Popular\n * Make Ahead\n * Cocktails\n * View All »\n * Recipes by Diet\n\n * Gluten-free\n * Dairy-free\n * Light\n * Low-Carb\n * Vegetarian\n * Vegan\n * View All »\n * Recipes by Season\n\n * Spring\n * Summer\n * Fall\n * Winter\n * Holiday\n * Thanksgiving\n * View All »\n * Popular Ingredients\n\n * Chicken\n * Pork\n * Beef\n * Seafood\n * Shrimp\n * Salmon\n * Vegetables\n * Pasta\n * Turkey\n * Avocado\n * View All »\n * Recipe Index\n * Subscribe\n\nInspired Taste – Easy Recipes for Home Cooks\n\nBrowse Recipes\n\n * All Recipes\n * Recipe Videos\n * Popular\n * Our Favorites\n\nBy Diet\n\n * Vegetarian\n * Low-Carb\n * Dairy-free\n * Gluten-Free\n * Light\n * Vegan\n\nBy Category\n\n * Make Ahead\n * Meatless\n * Appetizers\n * Breakfast\n * Lunch\n * Dinner\n * Baking\n * Sides\n * Soups\n * Desserts\n * Snacks\n * Cocktails\n * Date Night\n\nBy Ingredient\n\n * Chicken\n * Beef\n * Pork\n * Turkey\n * Mushrooms\n * Seafood\n * Vegetables\n * Pasta\n * Avocado\n * Egg\n * Cheese\n * Bacon\n * Salmon\n * Shrimp\n * Sriracha\n\nCooking Tips\n\n * Temperature Conversion\n\n# How to Buy and Use Rice Paper Wrappers\n\nby Joanne\n\n• March 22, 2017\n\n37 comments\n\nHow to buy rice paper wrappers. Plus, suggestions for using them, in addition\nto summer rolls.\n\n## What are Rice Paper Wrappers?\n\nIf you’ve ever had a summer roll (or salad roll) from a Vietnamese restaurant,\nyou’ve eaten a rice paper wrapper. They are super thin wrappers traditionally\nmade from rice, water and salt that can be filled with almost anything. Since\nthey are so thin, the wrappers are almost translucent so you can see whatever\nis inside. They also have a nice chewiness to them.\n\nWe’ve most often seen rice paper wrappers wrapped around shrimp, pork, fresh\nvegetables and noodles. That doesn’t mean you couldn’t wrap them around other\ningredients — we have even filled rice paper with bacon, lettuce and tomato\nfor BLT Summer Rolls.\n\n> YOU MAY ALSO LIKE: How to make summer rolls filled with bacon, tomato,\n> lettuce and a lime-flavored mayonnaise. Jump to the Bacon, Lettuce and\n> Tomato Summer Rolls Recipe.\n\n### Buying and Storing\n\nDepending on where you live, you might get lucky and find rice paper wrappers\nsold in the International food aisle of your local grocery or health food\nstore. Otherwise, the best selection will be at Vietnamese or Chinese food\nmarket. Online is also an excellent option.\n\nTips for Choosing Rice Paper Wrappers\n\n * Avoid wrappers that are made with 100% tapioca since they are trickier to wrap. Instead, look for wrappers made with rice or with a combination of rice and tapioca. (By the way, rice paper wrappers should be gluten-free. Some packages say wheat is an ingredient. It is likely an error in translation).\n * I really like the 8 1/2 inch wrappers since they are easier to work with that wrappers that are smaller/larger.\n * Look for the Three Ladies brand or one with a red rose on the label. We’ve had great success with these and they are widely accepted as quality options.\n * If there are multiple options, choose the most expensive option. Rice paper won’t cost a lot anyway, so reaching for the option that’s 50 cents more isn’t too much of a stretch.\n\n### How to Store Rice Paper\n\nOnce the package has been opened, place it into a resealable plastic bag and\nstore in the pantry or cupboard.\n\n### How to Use Rice Paper\n\nRice paper is sold in dried sheets. Before using them, you will need to\nrehydrate them to make them pliable.\n\nOnce rehydrated, rice paper can be eaten as is — like with summer rolls — or\nfried. Fresh rolls are the most common way we work with rice paper in our\nkitchen. It isn’t something we recommend you bake with, though. When it comes\nto frying, rice paper becomes incredibly crisp and light. For more tips on\nfrying rice paper rolls, we recommend reading through Andrea Nguyen’s article.\n\n### How to Wrap Rice Paper Rolls\n\nWrapping rice paper is easy — just as easy as wrapping a burrito. You will\nalso get better the more often you do it. Even so, they don’t need to be\nperfect!\n\nI mentioned before that rice paper is sold in dried sheets. To make them more\npliable and ready for rolling, you will need warm water.\n\nAdd warm water to a shallow dish or baking tin that is wider than the rice\npaper you are using. Working one rice paper sheet at a time, slide the sheet\ninto the warm water. Leave the sheet in the water for a few seconds — anymore\nand it will become too soft and start sticking to itself. You are really just\ndipping it into the water.\n\nRemove the moistened, but still slightly firm rice paper sheet and place it\nonto a flat work surface. Leave it for a minute or two — in this time the\npaper will become even more pliable. It is ready to fill and roll when it’s\npliable and a little sticky.\n\nNow, all you need to do is wrap. Remember, it’s just like wrapping a burrito.\n\n 1. Place the filling in the middle of the bottom third of the wrapper.\n 2. Bring the lower edge up and over the filling.\n 3. Fold in the two sides.\n 4. Firmly, roll the whole thing up, using your fingers to keep the fillings pushed towards the middle of the roll and tight.\n\nWhen working with or rolling the wrappers, you might find one tears. If the\nrice paper tears a bit, don’t worry, just overlap the two torn edges and\ncontinue on like nothing happened.\n\n### How to Store Fresh Summer Rolls\n\nFresh summer rolls are best eaten straight away, but you can store them\nwrapped in plastic wrap in the fridge for a few hours. Just keep the rolls\naway from one another as they tend to stick to each other over time.\n\nIf you are storing overnight, you might want to add a layer of damp paper\ntowels before the plastic wrap to keep them from drying out.\n\n### Don’t Miss Our Latest Recipes\n\n### Ridiculously Easy Blueberry Crumble\n\n### Our Favorite Caesar Salad Dressing\n\n### Extra Easy Black Bean Burgers\n\n### Ridiculously Easy Bean Salad\n\n### Quick and Easy Salsa\n\n### Quick and Easy Pasta Salad\n\n### Hungry For More?\n\n * Ultra-Satisfying Buffalo Chicken Rice Bowls\n\n * Easy, Fall-Off-The-Bone Oven Baked Ribs Recipe\n\n * Rosemary Gin Fizz Cocktail Recipe\n\n * Incredibly Moist and Easy Carrot Cake\n\n * Queso Blanco Burger Recipe\n\n * Easy Creme Fraiche Dip with Lemon and Herbs\n\n37 comments... Leave a Comment\n\n * Chris April 14, 2018, 1:17 pm\n\nI noticed the rice paper we have at our local paper has a bad after taste. Any\nway to eliminate that after taste?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne May 2, 2018, 2:48 pm\n\nHi Chris, I’m not really sure how to eliminate this. I’d try a different store\nand see if you can find another brand sold in your area.\n\nReply\n\n * Ramona June 8, 2017, 2:09 pm\n\nDo you dip them in a sauce?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne June 8, 2017, 3:03 pm\n\nHi Ramona, For traditional spring rolls, we love a peanut sauce, although we\ndo not have a recipe for one on Inspired Taste.\n\nReply\n\n * Missy Gold February 12, 2017, 11:19 pm\n\nA Vietnamese friend taught me to lay a damp kitchen cloth down to work on and\nuse one to cover the rolls while you work if you are making a large number it\ndoes help. Her recipe used one red lettuce leaf, rice noodles, Thai basil,\ncilantro, mint leaves, shreads of carrots, cucumber sticks and chicken or\nshrimp.\n\nReply\n\n * Natalie August 16, 2017, 12:34 pm\n\nExcellent tip – thanks\n\nReply\n\n * Annetjie Rogers January 5, 2017, 2:43 am\n\nCan you deep fry a spring roll after softening the rice paper, filling and\nrolling it?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne January 5, 2017, 1:46 pm\n\nYes, you can deep fry the rice paper rolls. Since rice paper is so fragile,\nquite a few people prefer to use wrappers that are labeled as spring roll\nwrappers (which often have a bit of wheat flour added). These hold up a little\neasier.\n\nReply\n\n * Annie October 12, 2016, 1:45 am\n\nOmg I should have read this site before I put all the rice papers in the water\nall at once! Very embarrassed now😂It wasn’t so easy slowly separating them,\nbut I managed and they were delicious 5 stars\n\nReply\n\n * Janet September 7, 2016, 7:16 am\n\nJust embarking on trying my next burger on a rice wrap. I’m tired of losing\nall the good juice from a delicious burger (pickles, GF sauce, lettuce,\nonion). The BLT will be first on my ‘to-do’ list. Thanks for your good work on\nthis subject!\n\nReply\n\n * Maureen Donovan July 22, 2016, 1:50 pm\n\nYes, I also thought this was a great way to enjoy a BLT especially during this\nhot weather. I plan on taking them to a cookout. Can these be made the night\nbefore and stored in the refrigerator? Thank you for your wonderful help. I\nhave never used rice paper wrappers before.\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne July 28, 2016, 4:57 pm\n\nHi Maureen, Rice paper tends to dry out when left overnight. If you can, make\nthem the day of and then wrap them with plastic wrap to keep them from drying\nout.\n\nReply\n\n * Karen July 16, 2016, 1:04 pm\n\nThank you for this info. I just saw a recipe I want to try but had no idea\nwhere to buy the rice paper or really how to use them. Now I do and cannot\nwait to try the recipe!\n\nReply\n\n * Lachlan December 14, 2015, 3:49 pm\n\nHi, I opened my rice paper rolls a while ago! I put them in a zip lock bag in\nmy cupboard, and recently wanted to make some Again! They’re the exact brand\nas that. I was wondering if you know if they exprire or not as I can’t read\nthe package! Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne December 22, 2015, 1:02 pm\n\nIf the wrappers were stored in a bag (we like using a resealable bag) then\nthey should last a couple years.\n\nReply\n\n * Barbara August 30, 2015, 8:06 pm\n\nI made theses today and all went well until I put then in a container to store\nand the stuck together. Any sugesstions for keeping them from sticking\ntogether. I rubbed olive oil on my hands and sort of got them unstuck but just\nwondering if there’s some sort of trick?\n\nReply\n\n * Joanne October 16, 2015, 12:55 pm\n\nHi Barbara, We’re not sure of any special tricks on this one. Placing a piece\nof parchment paper in between the rolls or individually wrapping with plastic\nwrap is probably your best bet.\n\nReply\n\n * john September 6, 2016, 3:08 pm\n\nI wrap them and leave them whole then wrap lightly in saran wrap. I cut the\nrolls into smaller pieces just before I am ready to eat them. I even make them\nthe night before and take to lunch the next day. love that little chew.\n\nReply\n\n« Older Comments\n\nPrevious Post: How to Make the Best Leftover Chicken Soup Next Post: Roasted\nLavender Honey Glazed Chicken Recipe\n\nWelcome! We are Adam + Joanne\n\nWe are so happy you’re here. We’re Adam and Joanne, the creators of Inspired\nTaste. We develop the recipes, photograph, shoot videos, and we’re the ones\nanswering your cooking questions. More about us...\n\n### Recent Recipe Videos\n\n### How to Make The Best Mimosa\n\nMy best tips for making mimosas! What’s better to serve at brunch than a\nfabulous mimosa recipe made with dry sparkling wine and orange juice? Jump to\nthe... Read more\n\n### Parmesan Basil Baked Zucchini Chips\n\nThese easy, cheesy baked zucchini chips are addictive. They are perfect for\nkids and adults alike. We love serving them as an appetizer, snack or as a\nside... Read more\n\n### Perfect Baked Sweet Potato Fries\n\nHow to make crispy baked sweet potato fries that are caramelized and on the\noutside and tender on the inside. No fryer needed here. Consider making a\ndouble... Read more\n\n### Trending Now\n\n### 20 Minute Mashed Cauliflower\n\nHow to make creamy healthy mashed cauliflower in less than 20 minutes. This is\neasier than mashed potatoes. No peeling! 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210729101138/https://www.vietworldkitchen.com/blog/2019/09/rice-paper-buying-guide.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide",
"passages": [
"It's been about ten years since I last wrote a rice paper buying guide and lots has changed. For example, you're looking at my rice paper collection gathered from near and far, purchased from regular supermarkets, Asian markets, and vendors in Vietnam. My collection has definitely expanded since the 2009 post.",
"Rice paper, called bánh tráng (say \"baan? trahng?\") in Vietnamese, is an ingredient that can confuse. There are many brands as you can see in the photo and many kinds, too!",
"I hope this updated rice paper buying guide will help you further explore what's available! Let's start with some basics then we'll go into finding and selecting rice paper.",
"Traditionally, rice paper was made from a batter of slightly fermented rice, water plus salt. The batter was steamed on top of fabric stretched over a pot of simmering water into thin rounds. The resulting rice sheets (similar to banh cuon) were dried on woven mats. The dried rice paper rounds could be stored and then rehydrated to soften and use. All of this explains the thinness of rice paper, the woven pattern on each one, and why you can eat rice paper as is!",
"Rice paper has changed a lot over the decades and the thick ones made of all rice were frankly, a pain in the butt to soften and use. Over time, manufacturers have added tapioca to the batter to make the result thinner, easier to soften, and more pliable. There's a balance though. Too much tapioca and the rice paper is super thin and plastic wrap like. There's a nice, slight tang from rice paper that's made with a decent amount of rice. The formulation is up to the maker and consumers choose what they want. All of this explains why tapioca is nowadays listed with rice in most regular kinds rice paper sold. (I avoid the all tapioca ones since they are too thin and tasteless.)",
"People who've gone to Vietnam and seen rice paper made by hand ask me about how to make it at home. Most Viet cooks DO NOT make bánh tráng. It's the purview of craftspeople and commercial manufacturers. We use rice paper too fast to casually whip some up at home. And, it's a labor intensive, special skill. See this post on an artisanal maker in Vietnam.",
"Many rice paper packages are labeled as \"spring roll skin\" but know that that's a term that's technically applied to Chinese wheat-based spring rolls that hail from Shanghai; Filipino lumpia are made from a similar kind of thin wrapper. Viet rice paper rolls have somehow become known as spring rolls though they're eaten year round!",
"Some Vietnamese cooks use the Chinese spring roll skins (or lumpia wrappers) to make fried cha gio, which are traditionally made with rice paper. Those wrappers do not contain egg but in English, I heard Viet-Americans confusingly call that style of chả giò \"Vietnamese egg rolls\"; Chinese egg rolls are made from a super thin pasta-like wrapper made with egg and wheat flour. I have a chả giò cookbook from Vietnam and all the wrappers, made with rice or wheat or rice and wheat, are called bánh tráng.",
"For the rice-based wrappers, I'm sticking with rice paper in English. If I had my druthers, we'd all be saying bánh tráng.",
"How to find good rice paper? Most readers of this post are not living in Vietnam and (thankfully) the popularity of rice paper rolls has made rice paper available at many supermarkets. Below is currently the brand that I most often see at my local mainstream chain supermarkets (e.g., Safeway), stores like Whole Foods, plus small indie markets.",
"What's up with the rose symbol? Within the Viet-American community, the leading brand of rice paper for decades was \"The Rose\" brand, which H-Mart online carries. To signal quality, other brands borrow/piggyback on the floral symbol.",
"If this brand of rice paper is all you've got to choose from, use it! It is fine, though it's thin and requires very quick dip in water. But if your grocery adventures take you into Asian markets, the extra info that follows in this rice paper buying guide will serve you well.",
"My go-to brand of rice paper is made by Three Ladies, a highly consistent, reputable company that produces and exports Southeast Asian rice and rice products. It contains rice and tapioca and is sturdy yet supple. You'll find this brand at most Chinese and Vietnamese markets, pan-Asian market chains like Ranch 99, as well as online at Amazon and even Cost Plus World Market!",
"The larger ones shown above are about 8.5 inches (22 centimeters) wide, roughly a medium flour tortilla -- the standard size for recipes. The smaller ones, sold at Asian markets because they're not as popular, are the size of a corn tortilla, in case you want petite rice paper rolls. (The work is about the same if not more because you have to prepare 1.5 or double the quantity to satisfy.)",
"Depending on where you shop, you may also see rice paper made from brown rice (gạo lức). The Happy Pho brand below is sold at certain mainstream health food stores. The Three Ladies and Twin Rabbit brands are sold at Asian markets, particularly hardcore Viet markets. If you live in Atlanta, head to the Buford Highway Farmers Market, my favorite international supermarket in America.",
"You use the brown rice paper the same way as the regular ones. The color is naturally brownish so your rolls will be rustically handsome, and you'll get a little extra fiber in your diet.",
"And if you're shopping in a Little Saigon type of enclave, you may come across some interesting options for rice paper. For example, below is a kind of rice paper by Three Ladies made for deep-frying. I've never tried them for Indian samosas but they're decent for Viet chả giò (fried imperial rolls).",
"There are clear instructions for using the rice paper on the back that involves mildly acidulated water; that is something I've seen in some Viet- language recipes and haven't decided yet whether or not it makes a big difference. My mom has used this rice paper and she says it's alright. She also uses the regular Three Ladies rice paper for the fried rolls. (I wrote up chả giò frying tips here.)",
"You may also see super thin rice paper. Usually I stay away from ones that look super thin, feel lightweight, and made of all tapioca, water and salt. This one, also made by Three Ladies has promise because it's not too light and blends tapioca and rice.",
"These are big ones -- roughly 11 inches wide, super burrito-ish in size. Note the instructions on the back to wet only one (1) side of the rice paper to soften it. I'd use a brush or even a damp, non-terry, dish towel to lightly moisten the rice paper.",
"If you're really into rice paper, look for it when you're traveling. For a spell, I was packing net-like bánh tráng rế in my luggage from New York back to California. My mom adores how they fry up to a crisp, even though the wrappers are delicate and fussy. This package is several years old and dried out, but I keep them for reference in my office.",
"Last I heard, these are no longer distributed on the East Coast. I've not seen them on the West Coast. If you see then, let us all know!",
"I also look for rice paper in Vietnam. In the photo below, the orange-ish ones on the right bottom have chile, green onion and likely MSG; they're super thin and clear, signaling all or nearly all tapioca. I'm not impressed.",
"My sister Yenchi brought the rectangular ones back from Vietnam. The top one is tissue thin and from Ha Noi; they are for frying and do not need much water to rehydrate.",
"The Quang Nam ones are very thick and I've yet to figure out what to do with them. You can have a rice paper adventure when you're traveling in Vietnam!!!",
"The date stamp on the chile-flavored rice papers above signals that yes, you can keep rice paper around for a long time. It's a dried food product, like pasta. Once a package is opened, I keep it in a zip-top bag in my cupboard.",
"Do you have tips and insights to add to this rice paper buying guide? Do not hold back. Share your knowledge!",
"Links to Amazon from this website may generate a small amount of income to help support VWK. Advertisements also enable ongoing content creation. Thanks for visiting and contributing to good food knowledge!",
"I've seen rice papers with sesame seeds. Is there special usage for them? I've never seen expiration dates on the packages of rice papers (or rice noodles for that matter). How long do they typically keep after purchase?",
"They are a sort of rice cracker. You'd microwave them for about a minute. They can be used for Mi Quang, snacks and other dishes.",
"Bánh tráng rề is back in NYC! Same exact brand and found it at the same supermarket - it’s $1.75 now.",
"Hi. I found Sword Fish brand (with a large rose) and it has a sticker on the back: This product can expose you to chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA), Phthalate, lead and other chemicals that are known to the state of California to cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm. Is this a concern, or the usual everything is toxic in California labelling?",
"I think that's a company being overly cautious. The California labeling has been bugging me lately too. It's on all kinds of things. I've not seen Sword Fish brand and if you got it at a reliable/reputable market, then I imagine they chose their products to not harm customers. Hope that's of help but that would be how I'd negotiate the label vagaries.",
"I found this article while trying to figure out why the Sword Fish Brand rice paper our local store recently stocked was so different from our usual — Three Ladies. Sword Fish is MUCH thicker and almost impossible to make as transparent and pliable as Three Ladies. And it had lots more imperfections (holes, grain specks, etc.). On the plus-side, in a weird way I liked that it had more of a flavor to it. Tasted a bit like sourdough in my opinion.",
"Anyhow, I’ll be sticking with the Three Ladies, as long as I can find it here in the suburban Midwest.",
"Kevin, thanks for your dispatch from the Midwest. Sword Fish brand sounds like the old fashioned kind that required super hot, just boiled water to soften. And we'd still have to wait a bit.",
"Thanks for sharing. Recently, I bought a brand Bamboo Tree and attempt to make the classic Banh Trang Nuong aka Vietnamese Pizza. However, I realized the rice paper stick to the pan and was unable to provide the crispiness as compared to another brand that I used. I then found out that it contains quite a large amount of tapioca as compared to rice. In this case, would it be more suitable to prepare the rice paper fried or roll it like a summer roll? Please advice.",
"Wet 2 rice papers together then grill it. That's what a chef told me they do at their Viet restaurant in NY.",
"You need wide rice noodles for that Thai dish. Fresh is best but otherwise, try a dried brand like 3 Ladies. They should be as wide as pappardelle. Boil them before using."
]
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"parsed_md": "My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide - Viet World Kitchen\n\n * Skip to primary navigation\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to primary sidebar\n\n# My Big Rice Paper Buying Guide\n\nSeptember 22, 2019 By Andrea Nguyen\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\nIt's been about ten years since I last wrote a rice paper buying guide and\nlots has changed. For example, you're looking at my rice paper collection\ngathered from near and far, purchased from regular supermarkets, Asian\nmarkets, and vendors in Vietnam. My collection has definitely expanded since\nthe 2009 post.\n\nRice paper, called bánh tráng (say \"baan? trahng?\") in Vietnamese, is an\ningredient that can confuse. There are many brands as you can see in the photo\nand many kinds, too!\n\nI hope this updated rice paper buying guide will help you further explore\nwhat's available! Let's start with some basics then we'll go into finding and\nselecting rice paper.\n\n## What is Rice Paper Made of?\n\nTraditionally, rice paper was made from a batter of slightly fermented rice,\nwater plus salt. The batter was steamed on top of fabric stretched over a pot\nof simmering water into thin rounds. The resulting rice sheets (similar to\nbanh cuon) were dried on woven mats. The dried rice paper rounds could be\nstored and then rehydrated to soften and use. All of this explains the\nthinness of rice paper, the woven pattern on each one, and why you can eat\nrice paper as is!\n\nRice paper has changed a lot over the decades and the thick ones made of all\nrice were frankly, a pain in the butt to soften and use. Over time,\nmanufacturers have added tapioca to the batter to make the result thinner,\neasier to soften, and more pliable. There's a balance though. Too much tapioca\nand the rice paper is super thin and plastic wrap like. There's a nice, slight\ntang from rice paper that's made with a decent amount of rice. The formulation\nis up to the maker and consumers choose what they want. All of this explains\nwhy tapioca is nowadays listed with rice in most regular kinds rice paper\nsold. (I avoid the all tapioca ones since they are too thin and tasteless.)\n\nPeople who've gone to Vietnam and seen rice paper made by hand ask me about\nhow to make it at home. Most Viet cooks DO NOT make bánh tráng. It's the\npurview of craftspeople and commercial manufacturers. We use rice paper too\nfast to casually whip some up at home. And, it's a labor intensive, special\nskill. See this post on an artisanal maker in Vietnam.\n\n## Rice Paper vs. Spring Roll Skin\n\nMany rice paper packages are labeled as \"spring roll skin\" but know that\nthat's a term that's technically applied to Chinese wheat-based spring rolls\nthat hail from Shanghai; Filipino lumpia are made from a similar kind of thin\nwrapper. Viet rice paper rolls have somehow become known as spring rolls\nthough they're eaten year round!\n\nSome Vietnamese cooks use the Chinese spring roll skins (or lumpia wrappers)\nto make fried cha gio, which are traditionally made with rice paper. Those\nwrappers do not contain egg but in English, I heard Viet-Americans confusingly\ncall that style of chả giò \"Vietnamese egg rolls\"; Chinese egg rolls are made\nfrom a super thin pasta-like wrapper made with egg and wheat flour. I have a\nchả giò cookbook from Vietnam and all the wrappers, made with rice or wheat or\nrice and wheat, are called bánh tráng.\n\nFor the rice-based wrappers, I'm sticking with rice paper in English. If I had\nmy druthers, we'd all be saying bánh tráng.\n\n## Supermarket Rice Paper\n\nHow to find good rice paper? Most readers of this post are not living in\nVietnam and (thankfully) the popularity of rice paper rolls has made rice\npaper available at many supermarkets. Below is currently the brand that I most\noften see at my local mainstream chain supermarkets (e.g., Safeway), stores\nlike Whole Foods, plus small indie markets.\n\nWhat's up with the rose symbol? Within the Viet-American community, the\nleading brand of rice paper for decades was \"The Rose\" brand, which H-Mart\nonline carries. To signal quality, other brands borrow/piggyback on the floral\nsymbol.\n\nIf this brand of rice paper is all you've got to choose from, use it! It is\nfine, though it's thin and requires very quick dip in water. But if your\ngrocery adventures take you into Asian markets, the extra info that follows in\nthis rice paper buying guide will serve you well.\n\n## Asian Market Rice Paper\n\nMy go-to brand of rice paper is made by Three Ladies, a highly consistent,\nreputable company that produces and exports Southeast Asian rice and rice\nproducts. It contains rice and tapioca and is sturdy yet supple. You'll find\nthis brand at most Chinese and Vietnamese markets, pan-Asian market chains\nlike Ranch 99, as well as online at Amazon and even Cost Plus World Market!\n\nThe larger ones shown above are about 8.5 inches (22 centimeters) wide,\nroughly a medium flour tortilla -- the standard size for recipes. The smaller\nones, sold at Asian markets because they're not as popular, are the size of a\ncorn tortilla, in case you want petite rice paper rolls. (The work is about\nthe same if not more because you have to prepare 1.5 or double the quantity to\nsatisfy.)\n\n## Brown Rice Paper\n\nDepending on where you shop, you may also see rice paper made from brown rice\n(gạo lức). The Happy Pho brand below is sold at certain mainstream health food\nstores. The Three Ladies and Twin Rabbit brands are sold at Asian markets,\nparticularly hardcore Viet markets. If you live in Atlanta, head to the Buford\nHighway Farmers Market, my favorite international supermarket in America.\n\nYou use the brown rice paper the same way as the regular ones. The color is\nnaturally brownish so your rolls will be rustically handsome, and you'll get a\nlittle extra fiber in your diet.\n\n## Specialty Rice Paper at Viet Markets\n\nAnd if you're shopping in a Little Saigon type of enclave, you may come across\nsome interesting options for rice paper. For example, below is a kind of rice\npaper by Three Ladies made for deep-frying. I've never tried them for Indian\nsamosas but they're decent for Viet chả giò (fried imperial rolls).\n\nThere are clear instructions for using the rice paper on the back that\ninvolves mildly acidulated water; that is something I've seen in some Viet-\nlanguage recipes and haven't decided yet whether or not it makes a big\ndifference. My mom has used this rice paper and she says it's alright. She\nalso uses the regular Three Ladies rice paper for the fried rolls. (I wrote up\nchả giò frying tips here.)\n\nYou may also see super thin rice paper. Usually I stay away from ones that\nlook super thin, feel lightweight, and made of all tapioca, water and salt.\nThis one, also made by Three Ladies has promise because it's not too light and\nblends tapioca and rice.\n\nThese are big ones -- roughly 11 inches wide, super burrito-ish in size. Note\nthe instructions on the back to wet only one (1) side of the rice paper to\nsoften it. I'd use a brush or even a damp, non-terry, dish towel to lightly\nmoisten the rice paper.\n\n## Rice Paper Tourism\n\nIf you're really into rice paper, look for it when you're traveling. For a\nspell, I was packing net-like bánh tráng rế in my luggage from New York back\nto California. My mom adores how they fry up to a crisp, even though the\nwrappers are delicate and fussy. This package is several years old and dried\nout, but I keep them for reference in my office.\n\nLast I heard, these are no longer distributed on the East Coast. I've not seen\nthem on the West Coast. If you see then, let us all know!\n\nI also look for rice paper in Vietnam. In the photo below, the orange-ish ones\non the right bottom have chile, green onion and likely MSG; they're super thin\nand clear, signaling all or nearly all tapioca. I'm not impressed.\n\nMy sister Yenchi brought the rectangular ones back from Vietnam. The top one\nis tissue thin and from Ha Noi; they are for frying and do not need much water\nto rehydrate.\n\nThe Quang Nam ones are very thick and I've yet to figure out what to do with\nthem. You can have a rice paper adventure when you're traveling in Vietnam!!!\n\n## How to Store Rice Paper\n\nThe date stamp on the chile-flavored rice papers above signals that yes, you\ncan keep rice paper around for a long time. It's a dried food product, like\npasta. Once a package is opened, I keep it in a zip-top bag in my cupboard.\n\nDo you have tips and insights to add to this rice paper buying guide? Do not\nhold back. Share your knowledge!\n\nFacebook\n\nTwitter\n\nPinterest\n\n« Supermarket Fish Sauce Tasting\n\nJapanese Chicken Meatballs Recipe (Tsukune) »\n\nLinks to Amazon from this website may generate a small amount of income to\nhelp support VWK. Advertisements also enable ongoing content creation. Thanks\nfor visiting and contributing to good food knowledge!\n\n## Reader Interactions\n\n### Comments\n\n 1. Shirley\n\nSeptember 22, 2019 at 9:01 pm\n\nI've seen rice papers with sesame seeds. Is there special usage for them? I've\nnever seen expiration dates on the packages of rice papers (or rice noodles\nfor that matter). How long do they typically keep after purchase?\n\n * Tim\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 12:00 pm\n\nThey are a sort of rice cracker. You'd microwave them for about a minute. They\ncan be used for Mi Quang, snacks and other dishes.\n\n * Tiffany\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 12:01 pm\n\nThey're fried to make rice crackers and can be eaten with salads and put into\nsoups!\n\n 2. Lajoieduchant\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 8:48 pm\n\nQuangos nam.....spicy tangy wonton type of dish in a chilli oil sauce of some\nsort?\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nSeptember 24, 2019 at 4:32 pm\n\nWhat is Quangos? I wonder... =D\n\n 3. Lajoieduchant\n\nSeptember 23, 2019 at 8:49 pm\n\nLol, autocorrect strikes again! Quang nam!\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nSeptember 24, 2019 at 4:32 pm\n\nHa!\n\n 4. Hong-An\n\nOctober 05, 2019 at 8:37 am\n\nBánh tráng rề is back in NYC! Same exact brand and found it at the same\nsupermarket - it’s $1.75 now.\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nOctober 12, 2019 at 7:19 pm\n\nHOOOOOORay! Thanks for the intel, Hong-An!\n\n 5. Chris\n\nMarch 30, 2020 at 3:00 pm\n\nHi. I found Sword Fish brand (with a large rose) and it has a sticker on the\nback: This product can expose you to chemicals such as Bisphenol A (BPA),\nPhthalate, lead and other chemicals that are known to the state of California\nto cause cancer or birth defects or other reproductive harm. Is this a\nconcern, or the usual everything is toxic in California labelling?\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nApril 14, 2020 at 9:56 pm\n\nI think that's a company being overly cautious. The California labeling has\nbeen bugging me lately too. It's on all kinds of things. I've not seen Sword\nFish brand and if you got it at a reliable/reputable market, then I imagine\nthey chose their products to not harm customers. Hope that's of help but that\nwould be how I'd negotiate the label vagaries.\n\n * Kevin S.\n\nJuly 22, 2020 at 4:44 pm\n\nI found this article while trying to figure out why the Sword Fish Brand rice\npaper our local store recently stocked was so different from our usual — Three\nLadies. Sword Fish is MUCH thicker and almost impossible to make as\ntransparent and pliable as Three Ladies. And it had lots more imperfections\n(holes, grain specks, etc.). On the plus-side, in a weird way I liked that it\nhad more of a flavor to it. Tasted a bit like sourdough in my opinion.\n\nAnyhow, I’ll be sticking with the Three Ladies, as long as I can find it here\nin the suburban Midwest.\n\nThanks for putting this together. It was oddly comforting to think I wasn’t\ncrazy about the difference. 🙂\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nJuly 26, 2020 at 3:47 pm\n\nKevin, thanks for your dispatch from the Midwest. Sword Fish brand sounds like\nthe old fashioned kind that required super hot, just boiled water to soften.\nAnd we'd still have to wait a bit.\n\nYep, stick to the Three Ladies. Happy cooking with your rice paper!\n\n 6. Shu ting\n\nJune 11, 2020 at 1:40 am\n\nThanks for sharing. Recently, I bought a brand Bamboo Tree and attempt to make\nthe classic Banh Trang Nuong aka Vietnamese Pizza. However, I realized the\nrice paper stick to the pan and was unable to provide the crispiness as\ncompared to another brand that I used. I then found out that it contains quite\na large amount of tapioca as compared to rice. In this case, would it be more\nsuitable to prepare the rice paper fried or roll it like a summer roll? Please\nadvice.\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nJune 14, 2020 at 4:22 pm\n\nWet 2 rice papers together then grill it. That's what a chef told me they do\nat their Viet restaurant in NY.\n\nYou can totally use it for fried rolls and un-fried ones too. Hope this helps!\n\n 7. Noel S\n\nAugust 26, 2020 at 8:38 am\n\nWhich brand and type of rice paper sheets would you recommend for drunken\nnoodles?\n\n * Andrea Nguyen\n\nAugust 26, 2020 at 11:56 am\n\nYou need wide rice noodles for that Thai dish. Fresh is best but otherwise,\ntry a dried brand like 3 Ladies. They should be as wide as pappardelle. Boil\nthem before using.\n\n## Primary Sidebar\n\n##### WELCOME!\n\n###### I'm Andrea Nguyen\n\nAuthor + Teacher + Consultant\n\n### Get Vietnamese Food Any Day!\n\nPreview and purchase it! Thank you for all the positive reviews at Amazon and\nelsewhere!\n\nACCOLADES\n\nNYT Best Cookbooks of Summer 2019 Bon Appetit Best Cookbooks of Sp. 2019 Eater\nBest Spring 2019 Cookbooks Eater Best 10 Cookbooks for Beginners Christian\nSci. Mon. Best 2019 Cookbooks Milk Street Kitchen Best Cookbook Gifts SF\nChronicle Favorite Cookbooks Library Journal Best 2019 Cookbooks Epicurious\nBest Cookbooks Gifts Here and Now Best 2019 Cookbooks NPR Best 2019 Cookbooks\nFood52 Best 2019 Cookbooks\n\nMEDIA COVERAGE\n\nFood & Wine, James Beard Foundation, Washington Post, Hallmark's Home and\nFamily, Milk Street, San Francisco Magazine, London Times, NYT Front Burner,\nFine Cooking, KCRW Good Food, San Jose Mercury News, Epoch Times, Splendid\nTable, Atlanta Journal Constitution, Dinner Sisters, Food Gal, San Diego\nTribune, Good Appetite (NY Times), Codeswitch (NPR), Appetites (MPR), KUOW\n(Seattle Public Radio), Saveur, Wall Street Journal, Salt and Spine, Milk\nStreet Kitchen Radio, Food52 Genius Recipes, Bon Appetit Basically\n\nCOOKING VIDEOS!\n\nMunchies, Google Talks , Food & Wine\n\n### Events + Classes\n\nViet Home Cooking Virtual Class March 10, 2021 Milk Street Kitchen\n\nSign up for the newsletter to be kept informed.\n\n### What's up at VWK?\n\n## Vietnamese Food Any Day Cookbook Preview!\n\n## Green Beans with Homemade Black Bean Sauce Recipe\n\n## Filipino Mung Bean Stew Recipe (Munggo)\n\n## Chinese Spiced Potato Salad Recipe (Qiangban Tudousi)\n\n### Pho-Nomenal Accolades\n\nTHANK YOU FOR ALL THE POSITIVE REVIEWS AT AMAZON AND ELSEWHERE!\n\nSUBSCRIBE to my recipes, posts + newsletter!\n\n## Footer\n\n↑ back to top\n\n### About\n\n * Privacy Policy\n * Events + Classes\n\n### Newsletter\n\n * Sign Up! for emails and updates\n\n### Contact\n\n * About Andrea Nguyen\n * Contact\n * Permission + Credit\n\nAs an Amazon Associate I earn from qualifying purchases. Thanks for your\nsupport.\n\n"
}
] |
51,081 | How To Build a Cornhole Game | To build a cornhole game, start by cutting the top board to be 24 by 48 inches. Next, measure 12 inches from one side and 9 inches from the end to mark the spot for the hole. Use a compass to draw a circle with a 6-inch diameter where you marked the board and use a saw to cut out the circle. Then, cut the wood to create the frame and use a drill to attach the top board to the frame. Finally, build and attach 2 legs to the underside of the board. | [
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"Without a doubt, one of the hidden joys in life is a well-painted cornhole set. However, painting can be a real pain if you’re pretty new at it. The key is to be meticulous and patient. If that turns you off, don’t worry, it’s not that bad once you get the hang of it. Just don’t take any shortcuts unless you’re certain of the results. This is how we painted the basic design on our cornhole tables. Your design might be quite different, but hopefully you can use some of the same techniques to get there.",
"The first step is to fill all the holes and defects you created while building your cornhole boards (screw holes, knot holes, etc.). Use a putty knife or something of the sort to push wood filler into any holes, cracks, etc. on your board. You can even fill in the gap between the plywood surface and 2×4 frame. Don’t worry about over filling it because the wood filler sands down very easily after it has set up.",
"As you can see we had multiple spots on our boards that needed filling. Be sure to allow the filler to set up according to the instructions that came with your product.",
"Next sand your cornhole tables smooth. An electric sander will save you a lot of time here. Medium-grit sandpaper should do the trick. If you’ve got the time sand it with varying grits of sandpaper (coarse -> medium -> fine).",
"Sand down any small discrepancies you have on the sides of your table where all the different pieces of wood come together. Try not to alter the plywood surface too much.",
"Once all your surfaces are smooth you can lightly sand down any sharp edges and corners. If you bought a router to cut your hole (details on cutting a hole with a router are in our e-book) you can use it to round the edges. We like to gently sand the edges of the hole as well. When you try to retrieve a bag through the hole, your valuable bag-tossing hands will thank you.",
"Dust off your boards, set them up off the ground, and detach your legs if you haven’t already. Apply a thin layer of primer on all visible surfaces of the board and legs with a brush or roller and let dry.",
"The sides of our cornhole board is white and the playing surface has a white border 1.5 inches wide. The hole also has a white border. We used a semi-gloss paint and roughed in all these areas and painted the legs too. With the white primer underneath it didn’t take more than one or two coats to get a nice uniform coverage. Let this layer dry.",
"Next we taped the borders of the table with painter’s tape. If you look closely you can see that we covered the hole and the border around the hole with clear contact paper. We used our compass to draw a circle of the appropriate size (1.5 inches larger than my 6 inch hole) on the backing of the contact paper and cut it out with scissors. We then peeled off the backing and carefully placed the contact paper over the hole. Being clear, we were able to see the hole underneath and center it just right.",
"No matter how well you apply your tape, the second color (scarlet in our case) seems to always bleed underneath, ruining the crisp, clean line you’re looking for. To prevent this, we applied another layer of white semi-gloss paint on the edges of the tape and the contact paper. Now, if there is any bleeding it will be the same color as the underlying paint. Again, let this layer dry.",
"Next, take a small roller (a brush if you prefer, but a roller makes it a little easier to get a uniform layer) and paint the remainder of the board with some paint of another color and allow it to dry. This may require several coats. Don’t touch up areas here and there if you want the best results – if you need to apply more paint in one area just give the whole surface another thin layer. Painting can really be a learned skill so don’t be rushing things. We’re often asked whether high-gloss or semi-gloss paint should be used. Many folks fear that a high-gloss paint will be more durable but create a surface that is too slippery. The way we see it, high-gloss paint is indeed very slick, but semi-gloss isn’t far off. A new set of boards is going to be a little slick no matter how you do it. Likewise, high-gloss paint is very durable, but again semi-gloss paint isn’t far off. So which to choose? If you don’t plan on using a clear finish over your boards, go with the high gloss. It will help your boards hold up to game play a little better which means you’ll have to repaint your boards less often. If you do intend to finish your boards, use the semi-gloss. It will give them a durable and shiny appearance, but any defects will be masked a little better. Either way you do it, you’re going to end up with a slippery board, so get out there and start throwing some bags. With time, the slickness will decrease.",
"Gently peel the tape off your cornhole boards. We like to do this just after the final coat of paint has dried. If you used painter’s tape it should come off just fine without disrupting the paint underneath, but watch it carefully as you pull it away just in case. As you can see, my border is crisp and beautiful!",
"Because the contact paper has such a smooth surface it can separate from the paint as you pull it up. By lightly lifting the contact paper and following it’s edge with a sharp utility knife you can keep a clean border. By removing the contact paper at the right moment (just after the paint has dried) you can avoid this completely. Many people prefer to add a coat of clear finish at this point. Check out our e-book if you’d like to learn more and see a coat of clear finish applied.",
"Now you have a gorgeous cornhole board! Using the same techniques and a little ingenuity you can add lettering, logos, etc. The possibilities are endless....",
"You could also add decals purchased from one of many online stores. Decal application is also explained in our e-book. Take a look!"
]
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"parsed_md": "Dimensions | Cornhole How To\n\nFacebook\n\nDimensions Kendell 2019-10-06T15:29:50+00:00\n\n1-DIMENSIONS ..... 2-SUPPLIES ..... 3-BUILD\n\n### STEP 1: DIMENSIONS\n\nIts important you first know the established dimensions for cornhole. Here’s a\ndiagram with the basic measurements for the boards. The American Cornhole\nOrganization is who we referred to for these measurements. (They get a tad bit\nmore specific with their dimensions so if you’re building a tournament set you\ncan visit their site.)\n\nThere is only one measurement that we will not duplicate perfectly and that is\nthe 3” front end of the boards. As much as we’d like our boards to match that\nmeasurement, our primary goal is to provide you with an excellent cornhole set\nthat is EASY to build. Most do-it-yourself boards (as well as many boards\npurchased from manufacturers) do not meet the 3” requirement. Rather, our\nboards measure around 3 to 4 inches at the front edge which is more than\nadequate for a good ol’ game of cornhole and certainly makes the building\nprocess a whole lot easier.\n\nNext\n\n#### MORE INFORMATION\n\n * Privacy Policy\n\n * Terms of Use\n\n * Contact Us\n\n#### SITE NAVIGATION\n\n * Build Them Boards\n\n * Paint ‘Em Nice\n\n * Sew Up Some Bags\n\n * How To Play\n\n * Links\n\n#### JOIN US!\n\n© Copyright - | CornholeHowTo | Theme by Theme Fusion\n\nFacebook\n\n"
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1,391,116 | How To Measure Helmet Size | To measure helmet size, take some flexible measuring tape and wrap it around your head so it's just above your eyebrows. Make sure the measuring tape is lying flat against your head and that it isn't pinching you anywhere. Then, write down the measurement you get and try taking it a couple more times to verify that it's accurate. Once you know the circumference of your head, shop for helmets that list that measurement on the packaging or in the description. | [
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"A bike helmet protects your head from injury if you fall off your bike. A good helmet will provide a balance of coverage, ventilation and comfort. Great strides have been made by designers to improve the comfort level offered by helmets. They come with a variety of padding inserts which help you customise the internal fit and feel of the helmet.",
"Having a correct fitting helmet is vital for your safety. The way to measure your head size for a helmet is by using a measuring tape. Measure approximately 1inch (2.5cm) above your eyebrows (forehead) and around the complete circumference of your head. Ensure the tape measure is a close fit and measure a few times to ensure you get the correct size.",
"Ladies helmets are available, these tend to be in a different colour scheme to the male version and with a smaller internal measurement. Most 3 size helmets would be considered unisex, so suitable for all. Whereas a uni-size helmet is available in male and female options.",
"The image below shows how a road helmet should fit on your head, it allows good all-round vision as well as protection. Note the upper straps, they form a V shape, starting just beneath the ear. When the helmet is on, you shouldn't be able to fit more than two fingers between the chin strap and your chin. The straps should be close fitting but not tight and uncomfortable.",
"Road: A road helmet is primarily designed to be used for road riding but can be used for all cycling disciplines. Top level road helmets are ultra light, and offer great ventilation and protection.",
"Aero Road Helmets: The new breed of road helmets is a cross between time trial helmet and vented road helmet. It is designed to provide the ease of movement, light weight and compact size of a road helmet, but also deliver aerodynamic advantages.",
"Time trial: Time trial helmets are designed for time sensitive racing. Their core purpose is to provide aerodynamic benefits as well as protection while you race against the clock.",
"Mountain bike: Mountain bike helmets are designed to offer you extra coverage, retention and ventilation to help you meet the challenges of riding your bike in off-road terrain.",
"BMX: BMX helmets come in two main designs: Full face and open face. Full face helmets offer protection to meet the demands of BMX racing. Open face (skate style) helmets are more commonly used for flatland riding and dirt jumping.",
"Leisure: The leisure helmet range is available for those of you who wish to have a great looking helmets, but without all of the ultra light, extremely vented and race pedigree features.",
"Kids & youth: The Wiggle range of helmets for kids and youths are ideal for the safety of your little loved ones. They feature industry known safety standards and come in a variety of colour schemes designed to encourage the rider to use.",
"Full Face: Full face helmets offer the maximum in protection. These are ideal for downhill and aggressive trail riding. They offer extra protection for your chin, teeth, and cheeks.",
"Safety: Your safety is paramount. In order to cycle on the road or compete in a race it may be a legal requirement in your country to wear a helmet certified to a specific standard or an international equivalent. All helmets sold on Wiggle are certified and labelled with a European CE EN1078 standard sticker.",
"Ventilation: The more vents that are on the helmet, the cooler the helmet will keep you. On road bike helmets the ventilation is designed to allow air to pass through the helmet and exit through the rear vents. Whereas on mountain bike helmets, the ventilation is designed to work like a chimney, allowing the hot air to escape vertically.",
"Straps and retention system: The buckle and chin area of the strap should fit close to the underside of the chin once fastened. However, they should allow you to open your mouth to eat an energy bar or drink water from your bottle. The upper part of the helmet straps will fit you best when it creates a v-shape formed just beneath your ear lobe. The retention cradle should sit around the occipital bone, the lower region at the back of your skull. The retention cradle adjustment systems can be adjusted very precisely to give a stable fit.",
"Padding: The padding in a helmet makes wearing one comfortable and also help to absorb sweat. Many helmets have removable padding, this is great as it enables you to wash them and keep them hygienic."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Helmet buying guide | Wiggle Guides\n\nSkip to main content\n\n## Select your region & language\n\n * Australia\n * English\n * Français\n * Deutsch\n * 日本語\n * Español\n * Svenska\n\n### Cycle guides\n\n * Cycle guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n### Run guides\n\n * Run guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n### Swim guides\n\n * Swim guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n### Triathlon guides\n\n * Triathlon Guides\n * Buying Guides\n * How-To guides\n * Training Guides\n\n# Helmet buying guide\n\nPosted in Cycle and tagged bristol\n\n## Bike helmets explained\n\nA bike helmet protects your head from injury if you fall off your bike. A good\nhelmet will provide a balance of coverage, ventilation and comfort. Great\nstrides have been made by designers to improve the comfort level offered by\nhelmets. They come with a variety of padding inserts which help you customise\nthe internal fit and feel of the helmet.\n\n## Helmet fit\n\nHaving a correct fitting helmet is vital for your safety. The way to measure\nyour head size for a helmet is by using a measuring tape. Measure\napproximately 1inch (2.5cm) above your eyebrows (forehead) and around the\ncomplete circumference of your head. Ensure the tape measure is a close fit\nand measure a few times to ensure you get the correct size.\n\nLadies helmets are available, these tend to be in a different colour scheme to\nthe male version and with a smaller internal measurement. Most 3 size helmets\nwould be considered unisex, so suitable for all. Whereas a uni-size helmet is\navailable in male and female options.\n\nThe image below shows how a road helmet should fit on your head, it allows\ngood all-round vision as well as protection. Note the upper straps, they form\na V shape, starting just beneath the ear. When the helmet is on, you shouldn't\nbe able to fit more than two fingers between the chin strap and your chin. The\nstraps should be close fitting but not tight and uncomfortable.\n\n## Types of helmets\n\nRoad: A road helmet is primarily designed to be used for road riding but can\nbe used for all cycling disciplines. Top level road helmets are ultra light,\nand offer great ventilation and protection.\n\nAero Road Helmets: The new breed of road helmets is a cross between time trial\nhelmet and vented road helmet. It is designed to provide the ease of movement,\nlight weight and compact size of a road helmet, but also deliver aerodynamic\nadvantages.\n\nTime trial: Time trial helmets are designed for time sensitive racing. Their\ncore purpose is to provide aerodynamic benefits as well as protection while\nyou race against the clock.\n\nMountain bike: Mountain bike helmets are designed to offer you extra coverage,\nretention and ventilation to help you meet the challenges of riding your bike\nin off-road terrain.\n\nBMX: BMX helmets come in two main designs: Full face and open face. Full face\nhelmets offer protection to meet the demands of BMX racing. Open face (skate\nstyle) helmets are more commonly used for flatland riding and dirt jumping.\n\nLeisure: The leisure helmet range is available for those of you who wish to\nhave a great looking helmets, but without all of the ultra light, extremely\nvented and race pedigree features.\n\nKids & youth: The Wiggle range of helmets for kids and youths are ideal for\nthe safety of your little loved ones. They feature industry known safety\nstandards and come in a variety of colour schemes designed to encourage the\nrider to use.\n\nFull Face: Full face helmets offer the maximum in protection. These are ideal\nfor downhill and aggressive trail riding. They offer extra protection for your\nchin, teeth, and cheeks.\n\n## Key features to look for\n\nSafety: Your safety is paramount. In order to cycle on the road or compete in\na race it may be a legal requirement in your country to wear a helmet\ncertified to a specific standard or an international equivalent. All helmets\nsold on Wiggle are certified and labelled with a European CE EN1078 standard\nsticker.\n\nVentilation: The more vents that are on the helmet, the cooler the helmet will\nkeep you. On road bike helmets the ventilation is designed to allow air to\npass through the helmet and exit through the rear vents. Whereas on mountain\nbike helmets, the ventilation is designed to work like a chimney, allowing the\nhot air to escape vertically.\n\nStraps and retention system: The buckle and chin area of the strap should fit\nclose to the underside of the chin once fastened. However, they should allow\nyou to open your mouth to eat an energy bar or drink water from your bottle.\nThe upper part of the helmet straps will fit you best when it creates a\nv-shape formed just beneath your ear lobe. The retention cradle should sit\naround the occipital bone, the lower region at the back of your skull. The\nretention cradle adjustment systems can be adjusted very precisely to give a\nstable fit.\n\nPadding: The padding in a helmet makes wearing one comfortable and also help\nto absorb sweat. Many helmets have removable padding, this is great as it\nenables you to wash them and keep them hygienic.\n\nShop cycle helmets at Wiggle\n\nPosted in Cycle and tagged bristol\n\n## Categories\n\nBuying Guides Staff reviews How-To guides Training guide\n\nHeadwear for the road\n\nView the range\n\nHeadwear for the trails\n\nView the range\n\n562,628 Fans\n\n74,815 Followers\n\n9,159 Subscribers\n\n© Wiggle Ltd. 2017. All Rights reserved | Terms and conditions | Privacy\npolicy | Cookies\n\nWiggle Ltd. 1000 Lakeside, Suite 310, Third Floor N E Wing, Portsmouth,\nHampshire, PO6 3EN, United Kingdom Company No: 2667809 | VAT No: 884 2571 94\nThere are no facilities for customer collections at this address. Executive\nDirector: Will Kernan.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201130205952/https://www.motosport.com/blog/motorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet",
"passages": [
"Begin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you to a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch. SEARCH",
"Begin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and down arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you to a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch.",
"Orders over $49 will receive free shipping. This is a residential delivery service, with deliveries Monday through Friday from 9:00am to 8:00pm.",
"The most effective and important safety measure a motorcyclist can invest in is the helmet. No other single piece of motorcycle gear provides more protection, or more return on investment, in the event of a crash. This explains why a motorcycle helmet should not be bought based on the price or appearance. A rider should buy the best fitting, most highly rated helmet he or she can afford.",
"Buying a helmet requires a bit of research to understand the different shapes and how to buy the best fit. In this motorcycle helmet sizing guide we cover the following essential aspects to choosing the correct motorcycle helmet:",
"But first, it's important to know a little about safety ratings. All helmets approved for use in the United States come with Department of Transportation (DOT) rating. Other safety ratings include Snell and the Economic Commission for Europe (ECE). Snell and ECE tend to have more rigorous testing but that doesn't mean a DOT-only approved helmet is any less safe for highway travel. You can read more about safety ratings by reading The Big List of DOT, Snell & ECE Approved Motocross Helmets.",
"The bottom line is the best helmet is the one that fits is comfortable and allows you to ride without inhibiting your range of motion or ability to perform the necessary functions to safely operate a motorcycle.",
"The most important helmet fitting aspect to consider before determining helmet size is helmet shape. The shape of the rider's head plays a crucial role in selecting a proper fitting motorcycle helmet. All helmet manufacturers design their lids to fit a specific head shape. These often range across three primary designations - long oval, intermediate oval, and round oval.",
"Long Oval - Shaped for a head which is longer front-to-back (from forehead to the back of the skull) than it is side-to-side (ear to ear).",
"Intermediate Oval - Shaped for a head which is slightly longer front-to-back than it is side-to-side. Most motorcycle helmets will fall into this category as it is the most common head shape; if a helmet does not state its shape, this is usually it.",
"Once the head shape is determined, it is easier to filter the enormous selection of available motorcycle helmets down to a smaller, more appropriate list of those which will fit the rider's head. Now it is time to find the correct size of the motorcycle helmet.",
"Measuring for motorcycle helmet size is as simple as looking for a good fitted hat. The difference is in how the helmet fits over the rider's head. The best tool for this is a seamstress or tailor's tape measure. It is flexible enough to wrap around the rider's skull and marked in useful increments for determining an accurate size. Use it to find which size of helmet suits you:",
"Wrap the measuring tape around the fullest part of the head - this will be just above the ears and about a half-inch above the eyebrows for most - and take the measurement at the forehead. To get the most accurate measure, have a friend help with this step.",
"Take the measurement and compare to the size chart on the page for the desired motorcycle helmet (you might have to scroll down). Each manufacturer has sizing which is specific to its own models, so only rely on the size chart produced for the motorcycle helmet being considered.",
"Some variance occurs, even between different models from the same manufacturer, which is why MotoSport offers a \"Free First Exchange\" program if your helmet does not fit properly.",
"When a new helmet is first worn, it should actually be slightly tight, with the interior coming into contact with most of the head, but not so restrictive that it causes any pain. There should be no \"hot spots\" - places where the helmet's interior puts pressure on specific points of the skull or face - but it should not move around freely. With time, a helmet adjusts to match the shape of the rider's head as it is worn, \"breaks-in\" and loosens a little. However, it should never become loose enough to easily turn from side to side.",
"The helmet should sit on the head evenly with the eye port's upper edge just above the eyebrows and offer good peripheral vision to see side-to-side.",
"Put a finger between the helmet interior and the head. If it easily fits, try a smaller size. Some helmet models allow a change in the cheek pads for better fitment, so consider this when checking for proper sizing.",
"Finally, when deciding on a helmet style - it's mostly up to personal choice for color, patterns and shield tint but remember the brighter and easier to see a helmet the more likely drivers spot a rider. The face shield should not obscure the rider's vision in any way and tinted visors should only be used for sunny days.",
"Motorcycle helmets come in different types, or styles, each offering certain benefits to address a rider's needs. Some riders like full all-around protection while others prefer a slim approach that mostly allows them to ride legally in those states that have helmet laws. Regardless, you have many options to choose from:",
"Clearly, deciding on the best motorcycle helmet can be a bit daunting. Read Picking the Best Motorcycle Helmet which discuss these helmets a bit more in- depth and asks some questions that help you narrow down the best style of helmet for your riding style. Meanwhile, some popular suggestions in the riding community include:",
"A well-fitting motorcycle helmet contributes to a safer and more comfortable ride. If the helmet does not fit right, it can cause pain which often leads to dangerous distractions, and it may not completely protect the rider's head in a crash. Therefore, finding a motorcycle helmet which fits the rider correctly is very important to the helmet's twin missions of comfort and safety. Spend enough time finding the right helmet and you will find that the helmet almost disappears while wearing and yet it is right where it needs to be should the ride go wrong. Be smart. Be safe. Ride with a correctly sized motorcycle helmet and enjoy the road for years to come."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet |\nMotoSport\n\n * Skip to content\n * Skip to search\n\nCYBER MONDAY SALE IS HERE up to 70% off - Shop Now >\n\nAccount\n\nCLOSE\n\nSHOP BY RIDING STYLE\n\n * Shop All\n * Dirt Bike\n * ATV\n * Utility ATV\n * UTV\n * Street Bike\n * Cruiser\n * OEM\n\nEmail Us 1-888-676-8853\n\nAccount Sign In or Create an Account\n\nShipping to United States\n\nFree shipping over $49\n\nBegin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and\ndown arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you\nto a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch. SEARCH\n\nSign In\n\n# Contact Us\n\n * Call 1-888-676-8853\n * Email Us\n\n## Regular Hours (All Times PACIFIC)\n\nMonday-Friday:\n\n 6am - 7pm\n\nSaturday:\n\n 7am - 4pm\n\nSunday:\n\n Out Riding\n\nMore Contact Information\n\nSearch within a riding style, select an option\n\n * All\n * Dirt Bike\n * Sport ATV\n * Utility ATV\n * UTV\n * Street Bike\n * Cruiser\n\nBegin typing to search, when autocomplete results are available use up and\ndown arrows to review and enter to select. Selecting an options will take you\nto a new page. Touch device users, explore by touch.\n\n# Free shipping on orders over $49 to Virginia\n\nOrders over $49 will receive free shipping. This is a residential delivery\nservice, with deliveries Monday through Friday from 9:00am to 8:00pm.\n\nLearn More\n\nEnter a valid US zip code\n\nSelection will refresh the page with with localized information\n\nShopping For Parts Find Parts for Your Bike: Selection will refresh the page\nwith new results\n\nBrowse All Makes\n\n * Dirt Bike\n * ATV\n * Utility ATV\n * UTV\n * Street Bike\n * Cruiser\n\nClear / Select New Bike Manage Saved Bikes\n\n# Motorcycle Helmet Size Guide - How To Measure & Fit The Right Helmet\n\nBy: JC Current November 04, 2013\n\nThe most effective and important safety measure a motorcyclist can invest in\nis the helmet. No other single piece of motorcycle gear provides more\nprotection, or more return on investment, in the event of a crash. This\nexplains why a motorcycle helmet should not be bought based on the price or\nappearance. A rider should buy the best fitting, most highly rated helmet he\nor she can afford.\n\nBuying a helmet requires a bit of research to understand the different shapes\nand how to buy the best fit. In this motorcycle helmet sizing guide we cover\nthe following essential aspects to choosing the correct motorcycle helmet:\n\n * Shape\n * Sizing a Motorcycle Helmet\n * Helmet Fit\n * Types of Motorcycle Helmets\n\nBut first, it's important to know a little about safety ratings. All helmets\napproved for use in the United States come with Department of Transportation\n(DOT) rating. Other safety ratings include Snell and the Economic Commission\nfor Europe (ECE). Snell and ECE tend to have more rigorous testing but that\ndoesn't mean a DOT-only approved helmet is any less safe for highway travel.\nYou can read more about safety ratings by reading The Big List of DOT, Snell &\nECE Approved Motocross Helmets.\n\nThe bottom line is the best helmet is the one that fits is comfortable and\nallows you to ride without inhibiting your range of motion or ability to\nperform the necessary functions to safely operate a motorcycle.\n\n### Shape\n\nThe most important helmet fitting aspect to consider before determining helmet\nsize is helmet shape. The shape of the rider's head plays a crucial role in\nselecting a proper fitting motorcycle helmet. All helmet manufacturers design\ntheir lids to fit a specific head shape. These often range across three\nprimary designations - long oval, intermediate oval, and round oval.\n\n * Long Oval - Shaped for a head which is longer front-to-back (from forehead to the back of the skull) than it is side-to-side (ear to ear).\n * Intermediate Oval - Shaped for a head which is slightly longer front-to-back than it is side-to-side. Most motorcycle helmets will fall into this category as it is the most common head shape; if a helmet does not state its shape, this is usually it.\n * Round Oval - Shaped for a head which has almost identical front-to-back and side-to-side measurements.\n\nOnce the head shape is determined, it is easier to filter the enormous\nselection of available motorcycle helmets down to a smaller, more appropriate\nlist of those which will fit the rider's head. Now it is time to find the\ncorrect size of the motorcycle helmet.\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Sizing a Motorcycle Helmet\n\nMeasuring for motorcycle helmet size is as simple as looking for a good fitted\nhat. The difference is in how the helmet fits over the rider's head. The best\ntool for this is a seamstress or tailor's tape measure. It is flexible enough\nto wrap around the rider's skull and marked in useful increments for\ndetermining an accurate size. Use it to find which size of helmet suits you:\n\n * Wrap the measuring tape around the fullest part of the head - this will be just above the ears and about a half-inch above the eyebrows for most - and take the measurement at the forehead. To get the most accurate measure, have a friend help with this step.\n * Take the measurement and compare to the size chart on the page for the desired motorcycle helmet (you might have to scroll down). Each manufacturer has sizing which is specific to its own models, so only rely on the size chart produced for the motorcycle helmet being considered.\n\nSome variance occurs, even between different models from the same\nmanufacturer, which is why MotoSport offers a \"Free First Exchange\" program if\nyour helmet does not fit properly.\n\nExample of a motorcycle helmet size chart\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Helmet Fit\n\nWhen a new helmet is first worn, it should actually be slightly tight, with\nthe interior coming into contact with most of the head, but not so restrictive\nthat it causes any pain. There should be no \"hot spots\" - places where the\nhelmet's interior puts pressure on specific points of the skull or face - but\nit should not move around freely. With time, a helmet adjusts to match the\nshape of the rider's head as it is worn, \"breaks-in\" and loosens a little.\nHowever, it should never become loose enough to easily turn from side to side.\n\n * Put the helmet on - it should be a little tight as it goes on over the head.\n * The helmet should sit on the head evenly with the eye port's upper edge just above the eyebrows and offer good peripheral vision to see side-to-side.\n * Put a finger between the helmet interior and the head. If it easily fits, try a smaller size. Some helmet models allow a change in the cheek pads for better fitment, so consider this when checking for proper sizing.\n\nFinally, when deciding on a helmet style - it's mostly up to personal choice\nfor color, patterns and shield tint but remember the brighter and easier to\nsee a helmet the more likely drivers spot a rider. The face shield should not\nobscure the rider's vision in any way and tinted visors should only be used\nfor sunny days.\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Types of Motorcycle Helmets\n\nMotorcycle helmets come in different types, or styles, each offering certain\nbenefits to address a rider's needs. Some riders like full all-around\nprotection while others prefer a slim approach that mostly allows them to ride\nlegally in those states that have helmet laws. Regardless, you have many\noptions to choose from:\n\n * Full Face Helmets\n * Modular Helmets\n * ADV Dual Sport\n * Open Face Helmets\n * Half Shell Helmets\n\nClearly, deciding on the best motorcycle helmet can be a bit daunting. Read\nPicking the Best Motorcycle Helmet which discuss these helmets a bit more in-\ndepth and asks some questions that help you narrow down the best style of\nhelmet for your riding style. Meanwhile, some popular suggestions in the\nriding community include:\n\nICON Airflight - Full Face Helmet\n\nShoei Neotec II - Modular Helmet\n\nArai XD4 - Dual Sport Helmet\n\nHJC IS 5 - Open Face Helmet\n\nFly Racing 9MM - Half Shell Helmet\n\nBack to Top\n\n### Conclusion\n\nA well-fitting motorcycle helmet contributes to a safer and more comfortable\nride. If the helmet does not fit right, it can cause pain which often leads to\ndangerous distractions, and it may not completely protect the rider's head in\na crash. Therefore, finding a motorcycle helmet which fits the rider correctly\nis very important to the helmet's twin missions of comfort and safety. Spend\nenough time finding the right helmet and you will find that the helmet almost\ndisappears while wearing and yet it is right where it needs to be should the\nride go wrong. Be smart. Be safe. Ride with a correctly sized motorcycle\nhelmet and enjoy the road for years to come.\n\n## Tags:\n\nriding tips | street bike | Street Bike | buying guide | JC Current\n\n### Related Content\n\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\n * Avoiding Edge Traps on a Motorcycle\n * How To Ride a Motorcycle in the Rain\n * Hazards of Motorcycle Riding in the Fall\n\n### More Street Bike Riding Tips\n\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\n * Avoiding Edge Traps on a Motorcycle\n * How To Ride a Motorcycle in the Rain\n * Hazards of Motorcycle Riding in the Fall\n\n### Other Street Bike Content\n\n * Returning to Motorcycle Riding\n * How To Get a Most Comfortable Motorcycle\n * Ask a Mechanic: How to Start a Motorcycle Without a Key\n * Alpinestars Airbag - Tech Air 5\n * The Wonderful World of Commuting on Motorcycle\n\n### Most Popular Content\n\n * How To Make A Dirt Bike Street Legal\n * Kids Dirt Bikes - Choosing the Right Starter Bike\n * 5 Mistakes Dirt Bike Beginners Make\n * 2 Stroke vs 4 Stroke Dirt Bike - How They Measure Up On The Track\n * How To Read and Check Your Motorcycle or ATV VIN\n\n#### Contact Us\n\n1-888-676-8853\n\nEmail Us\n\n#### Sign Up\n\n#### Follow Us\n\n * Visit MotoSport on Facebook\n * Visit MotoSport on Twitter\n * Visit MotoSport on YouTube\n * Visit MotoSport on Instagram\n * Visit MotoSport on Pinterest\n\n#### Customer Reviews\n\n#### Your Account\n\n * Sign In\n * Order Status\n * Returns & Exchanges\n * FAQ\n * International Orders\n\n#### Company\n\n * About Us\n * Careers\n * Press Releases\n * Affiliate Program\n * B2B Program\n * Government Orders\n * MotoSport Roanoke\n\n#### MotoSport Blog\n\n * Riding Tips\n * Tech Tips\n * Lifestyle\n * Product Reviews\n * Racing\n\n#### We Support the Rider\n\n * Rider Down\n * Road to Recovery\n * Roadracing World Action Fund\n * Amateur Rider Support\n * PulpMX Show\n\n#### Additional Site Links\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Do Not Sell My Personal Data\n * Shipping Policy\n * Taxes & Fees\n * Accessibility Statement\n * Site Map\n * Shop All Brands\n * Shop All Rides\n\nPart of the Backcountry Family:\n\n * Backcountry.com\n * Competitive Cyclist\n * SteepandCheap.com\n * Alpinetrek\n\nCopyright 2004-2020 MotoSport, LLC. All Rights Reserved. Selected content\ncopyright and trademark respective companies, used with permission.\n\nmotorcycle-helmet-size-guide-how-to-measure-fit-the-right-helmet\n\nblog\n\nmotorcycle\n\nLogged Out\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20161224071339/http://store.nutcasehelmets.com:80/pages/helmet-fit-guide",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Follow these easy steps - Nutcase Helmets",
"passages": [
"The proper helmet fit is an important factor for safety and comfort. Here at Nutcase, we want to ensure that you get the best protection from injury and the maximum performance with a properly sized helmet. A snug, aligned fit will achieve a safe and secure ride. Below are simple steps in determining the proper helmet size. Remember to always ride safely!",
"Measure the circumference of your head with a tape measure. Place the tape measure slightly above the ear and bring it across the mid forehead completely circling the head about 1 inch above the eyebrows. Take several measurements to make sure you have the largest size. If you do not have a tape measure, use a string and measure it against a ruler. The charts linked below will assist you on which size is the best helmet fit. If a measurement falls in between a size, go up to the larger size.",
"Once you have determined your helmet size, try it on. The helmet should be worn level on the head and not slide or move freely when you roll your head from side to side. If this is the case, you have a helmet that is too large. Extra padding may help provide a better, more snug fit.",
"Be sure the front of the helmet lays just above your eyebrows and that the back of the helmet does not touch the nape of your neck. The chin strap should fit snug but not too tight to cause discomfort or choking. Securely fasten the chin strap and try to roll the helmet off your head. If the skin on your forehead moves slightly, you have a good fit. Feel free to mix and match pad set sizes to achieve the best fit."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Bike Helmet Sizing | Helmet Size Chart | Follow these easy steps - Nutcase\nHelmets\n\n * Bike\n * Metroride\n * Skate\n * Little Nutty\n * Baby Nutty\n * Water\n * Moto\n * Bells & Accessories\n * Sale\n\n# Helmet Fit Guide\n\nDetermining Your Helmet Size\n\nThe proper helmet fit is an important factor for safety and comfort. Here at\nNutcase, we want to ensure that you get the best protection from injury and\nthe maximum performance with a properly sized helmet. A snug, aligned fit will\nachieve a safe and secure ride. Below are simple steps in determining the\nproper helmet size. Remember to always ride safely!\n\nStep 1: Measurement\n\nMeasure the circumference of your head with a tape measure. Place the tape\nmeasure slightly above the ear and bring it across the mid forehead completely\ncircling the head about 1 inch above the eyebrows. Take several measurements\nto make sure you have the largest size. If you do not have a tape measure, use\na string and measure it against a ruler. The charts linked below will assist\nyou on which size is the best helmet fit. If a measurement falls in between a\nsize, go up to the larger size.\n\n * Bike/Skate Size Chart\n * Little Nutty Size Chart\n * Metroride Size Chart\n * Baby Nutty Size Chart\n * Snow Size Chart\n * Water Size Chart\n * Moto Size Chart\n\nStep 2: Try it on\n\nOnce you have determined your helmet size, try it on. The helmet should be\nworn level on the head and not slide or move freely when you roll your head\nfrom side to side. If this is the case, you have a helmet that is too large.\nExtra padding may help provide a better, more snug fit.\n\nStep 3: Proper fit\n\nBe sure the front of the helmet lays just above your eyebrows and that the\nback of the helmet does not touch the nape of your neck. The chin strap should\nfit snug but not too tight to cause discomfort or choking. Securely fasten the\nchin strap and try to roll the helmet off your head. If the skin on your\nforehead moves slightly, you have a good fit. Feel free to mix and match pad\nset sizes to achieve the best fit.\n\n# Fit Videos\n\n### Metroride\n\n### Street: Bike, Skate, and Little Nutty\n\n### Baby Nutty\n\n#### Questions?\n\n * Return Policy\n * Customer Service\n * Helmet Fit Guide\n\n#### Keep Up With Us\n\nTwitter Facebook YouTube Instagram Pinterest Flickr\n\n#### Contact Us\n\n * 1-866-956-8889\n * Email Us\n * nutcasehelmets.com\n * Request a Return\n * Warranty\n\n©2016 Nutcase, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20150904082319/http://www.mecabrush.com:80/helmet%20information/helmet_size_chart.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Youth Batting helmet size chart",
"passages": [
"| Head Measurements| Hat Size| Helmet Size to Order ---|---|--- 20- 20 3/4\"| 6 3/8”-6 1/2”| X-Small 20 3/4- 21 1/4\"| 6 5/8”-6 3/4”| Small 21 5/8- 22\"| 6 7/8”-7”| Medium 22 3/8- 22 3/4\"| 7 1/8” - 7 1/4”| Large 23 1/8- 23 1/2\"| 7 3/8” - 7 1/2”| X-Large",
"OSFA will fit hat sizes 6 3/8 to 7 1/2. Helmet will be tight on larger sizes. It is recommended that if your child measures larger than 7\" that you select a sized helmet (L or XL) for best fit.",
"OSFA helmets have a ponytail channel inside the helmet. This allows the helmet to slip over the player's ponytail without needing a hole or molded channel. Because the OSFA has the ponytail channel hidden inside it is suitable for both boys and girls.",
"Helmets should always be inspected before each use. Do not use any helmet that is damaged, cracked, or has lost or torn foam padding. No helmet can protect from all possible injuries. Please use common sense when participating in any sport or activity."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Youth Batting helmet size chart\n\nLive chat hosted software \n \n--- \n \nUp Helmet Description Helmet Sizes Helmet Colors Paint Colors Help Ordering\nOnline\n\n|\n\n### Youth Batting Helmet Size Chart\n\nIt is important that the player wears the correct size helmet for maximum\nprotection.\n\nMeasure around the head, just above the brow\n\n| Head Measurements| Hat Size| Helmet Size to Order \n---|---|--- \n20- 20 3/4\"| 6 3/8”-6 1/2”| X-Small \n20 3/4- 21 1/4\"| 6 5/8”-6 3/4”| Small \n21 5/8- 22\"| 6 7/8”-7”| Medium \n22 3/8- 22 3/4\"| 7 1/8” - 7 1/4”| Large \n23 1/8- 23 1/2\"| 7 3/8” - 7 1/2”| X-Large \n \nOSFA will fit hat sizes 6 3/8 to 7 1/2. Helmet will be tight on larger sizes.\nIt is recommended that if your child measures larger than 7\" that you select a\nsized helmet (L or XL) for best fit.\n\nChildren over age 14 should order Sized helmets and not OSFA\n\n> OSFA helmets have a ponytail channel inside the helmet. This allows the\n> helmet to slip over the player's ponytail without needing a hole or molded\n> channel. Because the OSFA has the ponytail channel hidden inside it is\n> suitable for both boys and girls.\n>\n> Helmets should always be inspected before each use. Do not use any helmet\n> that is damaged, cracked, or has lost or torn foam padding. No helmet can\n> protect from all possible injuries. Please use common sense when\n> participating in any sport or activity. \n \nTeam Discounts Contests-Freebies Fundraisers Reseller Info Link to Us Links\nNew Items Newsletter HELP\n\n"
}
] |
5,905 | How To Simplify Your Life | To simplify your life, try to get rid of unnecessary stuff by tossing out or donating things you don't use anymore or clothes that you never wear. Also, work on letting go of friends that constantly cause drama since they can make your life feel more chaotic and complicated. In your spare time, focus on doing simple, relaxing activities, like taking a bath, reading a book, or going on a hike. You should limit your social media usage too since all of the posts and status updates can be overwhelming. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20201128081747/https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001742/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210831125731/https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210514070101/https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/"
] | train | 665 | [
{
"original_url": "https://slowyourhome.com/21-quick-actions-simplify-life/",
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"title": "21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Slow Your Home",
"passages": [
"You want to live a simpler life, I know. That’s why you’re here, right? To create a life of simplicity, contentment and optimism.",
"But can I tell you something? Your life will not change, you will not be able to create that life you want unless you take action.",
"I want to make it easier for you to take action and move ahead on your journey to a simpler life. So all you have to do is set aside some time – anywhere between 10 minutes and an hour to tackle one of the 21 simple actions below.",
"This is hands-down the best way to tidy and declutter a space in a short period of time. You can apply it to just one room at a time (strongly recommended), or if you’re feeling ambitious or particularly over-run with clutter – tackle all the main areas of the home.",
"Moving quickly – pick up each and every item in that room that does not belong, or is out of place. Place them in the laundry basket.",
"Once full, empty the contents of the laundry basket on the dining table or a clear space on the floor.",
"Sort items into piles – according to where they belong, as well as a pile for rubbish/donations/items that do not belong to you.",
"Recent studies have shown that those of us who are regularly grateful for the good in our lives are likely to be more physically active, feel more content in our day-to-day lives and suffer less health problems.",
"Once a week, spend ten minutes writing down 5-10 people/acts/events/things you are grateful for. Just one sentence per entry is enough.",
"The Gratitude studies have shown that over-doing the gratitude journalling may have the opposite effect. Over time we become immune to the feeling of well- being gained through gratitude and lose the positive benefit.",
"Although I personally tend to think it would take a lot to over-do this. I can see no harm in thinking on the positives each morning or as you go to bed at night.",
"I’m not entirely sure when “living room” came to mean “room where we watch television”, but that seems to be the purpose of most living rooms in most homes.",
"But really, you want the living room to function in a number of ways, not only as a space to watch television.",
"In fact, you really should take the emphasis of the room away from mindless television viewing and instead encourage lingering conversations, nights spent reading books and listening to music.",
"Look at the furniture you own and decide if it all needs to stay. Are you able to wall mount your TV? Get rid of the entertainment unit?",
"Bring a selection of your book and music collections out to encourage you to read or listen rather than automatically reaching for the remote at the end of the day.",
"Indoor plants help detoxify the air inside our homes, by filtering the airborne toxins and fumes through the soil. They also help provide a point of calm and have been shown to improve productivity.",
"Leave your new plants in their plastic pots and simply place in a decorative pot. This means you’re able to change out your plants and pots without having to re-pot every time.",
"Spend some time being kind to your new plants, watering and feeding them well for the first few months. Slowly ease back on the TLC, allowing the plant to “harden off” and acclimatise to its new environment.",
"Pay attention to the changing watering needs. In summer the plants will need watering 2-3 times a week, while in winter this will drop back to once every 2-3 weeks.",
"Clutter attracts clutter, so a dining table with knick knacks, or papers or craft items permanently scattered across it will be far more likely to end up a catch-all for incoming mail, handbags, etc. AKA A Clutter Magnet.",
"What good do these items do, what joy do they bring if you keep them locked away in a cabinet to be used for special occasions only?",
"White space allows us to highlight items of beauty and meaning. Items that are special to us. Items that we are choosing to surround ourselves with.",
"Live with that empty space for a week, then put one thing and one thing only back in that space. Make it something beautiful or meaningful.",
"Preparation is half the battle in getting organised, so make your mornings easier – regardless of what they entail – by preparing yourself the night before:",
"Take one minute to clear the sink and wipe down the benchtops – it’s remarkable the difference it makes to your morning to walk into a clean kitchen.",
"Pull out your clothes and the clothes for your kids. If they’re old enough to dress themselves, then this is one less task for you in the morning.",
"Set the table for breakfast. An action as simple as putting bowls, plates, cutlery and coffee cups out means people can serve themselves as they get ready. Even young kids are able to pour cereal and milk.",
"Pack your bags. Prepare your work bag, the kids school bags or the nappy bag with everything (except lunches) that need to leave the house.",
"Find a place in your cupboards for the kettle, toaster, blender and any other appliances that currently reside on the benchtop. It takes approximately 6 seconds to put these back after use and your kitchen will be so much easier on the eye and far less likely to become cluttered.",
"This one change will keep your pantry tidy and uncluttered – meaning you’re far less likely to waste food and far more likely to keep the pantry organised.",
"All you need is one or two shelves elsewhere in your house. Consider using a cupboard in the laundry or a shelf in the linen closet – providing it’s easy to access and out of view, anywhere will work.",
"Use this space to store extra flour, breakfast cereals, sugar, pasta, pasta sauce, tinned tomatoes and beans, rice, quinoa, long-life milk, stocks etc.",
"Fortnightly or monthly meal planning is made much easier by having the space set aside to store bulkier pantry staples",
"Meal planning is one of the best things you can do to encourage a simpler way of living. It means:",
"Decide how often you will write out your meal plan. Weekly? Fortnightly? I have a friend who plans her family meals 10 weeks at a time. Just establish what works best for you.",
"How will you write the plan itself? I use the age-old method of pen and paper, but there are multiple apps, beautiful printables and online programs you can use to get you sorted.",
"I simply take a piece of paper, write out the menu for the coming fortnight on the bottom half and the grocery list on the top half. It’s easiest to do it all at once, to ensure no ingredients are missed.",
"From my own experience, and what people have told me, I think there are two reasons [why making your bed every day is such a key to happiness]:",
"First, making your bed is a step that’s quick and easy, yet makes a big difference. Everything looks neater. It’s easier to find your shoes. Your bedroom is a more peaceful environment. For most people, outer order contributes to inner calm.",
"Second, sticking to any resolution – no matter what it is – brings satisfaction. You’ve decided to make some change, and you’ve stuck to it. Because making my bed is one of the first things I do in the morning, I start the day feeling efficient, productive, and disciplined.",
"An exit drawer is a place for you to keep everything that needs to leave your house when you do. It’s a place to store left-behind items, letters that need posting, clothes that need repair and bills that need paying.",
"Starting (and using) your exit drawer is one sure-fire way to reduce clutter. You will clear your home of things that don’t belong there, and you will clear your head of “things I need to remember when I leave”.",
"Nothing hi-tech, just a space that you have set aside as your exit drawer. Ideally, it wouldn’t be used as anything else. Just your exit drawer.",
"It could literally be a drawer in your hallway. It could be a basket inside your coat closet. It could be a calico bag hung up on your hat stand.",
"Then – this is the really easy part – put things in it that don’t belong to you. Those jackets, socks, toys, plates etc. Put them right in your drawer.",
"Add to that anything you need to remember for an upcoming errand or take to an upcoming appointment. Your referral, that bill you need to pay or the letters that need posting.",
"Then – and this is the tricky part – remember to look in that drawer every time you leave the house. Every time.",
"Have a box – yes, a plain old box – where you can put the items you’ve decluttered, ready for donation.",
"When the box is full, take it to your local charity collection depot, op shop, thrift store or homeless shelter.",
"Why do you want to live simpler life? What do you crave about it? Why are you passionate about creating a slower home? A simpler life?",
"Write down your goals. What do you want from this change? Where do you feel the greatest need to slow down and simplify? What do you stand to gain?",
"Check your answers. You need to be in this for the right reasons. You need to understand that you come to simple living from a unique place. Your journey won’t look like anyone else’s. And that’s fine. Great, even. Perfect.",
"If your financial situation is less than ideal, then talking about it or even thinking about it is likely to cause stress. You may break into a sweat, you may argue with your husband, you may feel sick or guilty or both.",
"But here’s the kicker – to make it any better, to escape the financial maze, to free yourself from the constant stress and worry – you need to face facts. And often that means having a difficult conversation.",
"If you do this, if you are brave enough, I can guarantee you will feel a weight off your shoulders. You won’t find an extra $10,000 hiding somewhere, but you will know where you are. Then – and only then – can you start to move forward, towards the simpler life you want.",
"Once you understand how much money comes in, what your expenses really are and what financial goals you have, you can create a budgeting system that works for you.",
"Which in turn means you can rest easier, knowing there is enough money for bills, groceries, unexpected extras. As well as paying down debt or saving for a house deposit/holiday/car.",
"I’ve written a three-part series on how to manage your household budget. You can check out the three parts here and get your finances in order today:",
"Make a goal of decluttering 100 items this month. Or to remove 5 things from each room today. Or to cull 2012 items in a year.",
"If you share your aspirations for a simpler life with others, as well as the efforts you go to – the benefits are two-fold:",
"You will inspire others to action and possibly introduce them to a simpler way of living. Which is all kinds of awesome.",
"1. Clear your bed of any clutter or mess – this will be your workspace 2. Set up two plastic bags/boxes – one is for donation and one is for things to throw away 3. Starting with just one section of the wardrobe (hanging clothes, or shoes, or folded clothes etc) take everything out. Lay them all on your bed, and do not move on until you’ve completely dealt with this current section. 4. Pick up each piece of clothing and ask yourself:",
"Is it in good condition? If not, do I love it enough to have it repaired? No? Let it go.",
"Do I feel good wearing this? This is a big one – it doesn’t matter how beautiful it is, unless you feel good wearing it, it will languish in the back of your wardrobe, taunting you. Let it go.",
"Does it fit me well? Again, it doesn’t matter how gorgeous it is or how much it cost, if it doesn’t fit well, then you won’t wear it. Let it go.",
"Is there a good reason to keep it? If it is in incredibly good condition, is very well made, and is a classic style (think black blazer, little black dress, black pumps) then you may want to keep it. But unless it is all of those things, then let it go.",
"5. Don’t put the item down until you have decided where it goes. If you decide to keep it, then return it to the correct spot in your wardrobe, otherwise put it in your donate or throw away bag. 6. If you’re really torn, you can add things to a holding box and if there’s nothing you need/want in it over the following 6 months, you can safely donate everything in there, without opening it. 7. Move on to the next section and repeat the steps above. This is where you can choose how long you spend on this task. If you’re short on time, then you should just tackle one of these sections per day. But if you can find the time, you really should keep going. You will thank me when you’re done! 8. Once the entire wardrobe has been decluttered, it’s time to organise what remains. Keep similar items together.",
"It’s a trendy buzzword, I know. But meditation has huge benefits for everyone – including those of us searching for a simpler life.",
"If you’ve never meditated before, or if you’re looking for a quick, easy exercise you can do daily, then read on. What follows is more a mindfulness exercise, but one that is incredibly effective:",
"Touch: I can feel the carpet beneath my feet. The seat under my butt. My shirt on my shoulders. My fingers are cold.",
"Sound: I can hear both of my littles stirring in bed, the rain outside and the tap of my keyboard.",
"Sight: I can see my computer monitor, a glass of water, a cup of pencils, the shadow from the blinds on the windowsill.",
"Immersing yourself in your immediate surroundings, actively thinking about each of those things, means you’re taken out of your own head for a moment. That pressing issue, that rising anxiety, that thing that’s stressing you out – it’s gone. At least for those moments.",
"It’s a simple thing to do, you can do it anywhere, and over time, it will teach you to be more present and pay attention to what is currently happening, rather than getting caught up in the complexities of what-ifs, whens and whys.",
"Before you can make sweeping and lasting changes to your life, you need to understand where it is you’re coming from.",
"If you don’t start out from a place of acceptance, then all the work you put in to creating a simpler, slower life will be overshadowed by feelings of inadequacy, guilt and comparison.",
"Until you accept the place you’re currently in, it will prove almost impossible to make meaningful changes to your life. You will be too busy feeling inadequate!",
"I don’t mean you should stop improving yourself, or stop learning, or stop attaining new skills. But don’t try to squish your square shape into that round hole any more. Some things will simply prove harder for you than for others. Accept it and move on.",
"So stop trying to reach the finish line in the shortest time possible. The finish line keeps moving and this is not a race.",
"Reading blogs on your smartphone is not doing nothing. Just as browsing Pinterest is not fueling your dreams. So take one minute, turn off your laptop, leave your phone inside and relish in unplugging.",
"The key to making many of the actions above work for you is to do them consistently. Like with any major life changes, many of them need to become habit before you reap the biggest benefit, but starting with the actions above will get you well on your way to a simpler, slower life.",
"And as I said at the beginning, you don’t have to do everything on this list, just pick the ones that will work best for you right now.",
"Great post, succinct and exactly what I needed to read right now. I feel I am in a turning point in my life and need to take action!",
"[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter holding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They begin each day focusing on its potential. And they reorient [...]",
"love the White Space suggestion! Spent most of the day yesterday doing my wardrobe...my trunk is full of donations for charity! feels so good :)",
"Slowly incorporating these actions into my overwhelming life, still not receiving the bootcamp e-mails regularly though, so it’s great receiving these posts for more inspiration",
"[...] slow your home This entry was posted in home, intention, simply and tagged living simpler by leah. Bookmark the [...]",
"[...] Here are 21 simple actions you can take to improve your life. Sometimes these lists are a bit obvious, but this is actually a really nifty list, and I recommend reading it and actioning some (or all!) the tips. [...]",
"Hi Ya, Started reading this tonight and it was like something came over me and I went on this frenzy of decluttering my kitchen and I am now looking round after 2 hours and I am so pleased, even if it is almost 11 pm !!! Thanks for being so inspiring and I love getting your regular updates.",
"I personally was basically looking for recommendations for my very own web site and observed your posting, 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life | Slow Your Home",
"[...] my blog reading I came across this very inspirational post on Slow Your Home. I don’t know if this is a sign that I am now [...]",
"I’m a total fan of the laundry basket trick! I’ve been doing this for years and it is the best method for me hands down! It’s nice to see someone else lugging around their full laundry basket, too! LOL",
"I’ll add my recent personal favourite: spend time researching and checking out suppliers for weekly or regular things. Have one (realistically two) places only where you shop for any important things – food, your clothes, kids clothes, household. Choose the supermarket or supplier you can rely on to pre- select items of a quality/style/price/ethos you favour. Then you can cut down your shopping around (as I used to do) AND support good retailing!",
"[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving de-cluttering method I learned from Brooke of Slow Your [...]",
"Normally I don’t read article on blogs, however I would like to say that this write-up very compelled me to take a look at and do it! Your writing style has been amazed me. Thanks, quite great article.",
"[...] When it comes to de-cluttering your life and your wardrobe, most people have the same advice. There are tons of great tutorials online and many inspiring stories. I know, because right after I decided to whittle my wardrobe down to 100 items, I procrastinated for about a week and nothing but read other people’s blogs instead of unpacking. The Nif En L’Air is a gorgeous blog and the writer takes an analytical approach to her own successes and failures at honing her wardrobe. And there’s more inspiration here and here. [...]",
"Thank you, very helpful. My parents had a two small closets. Mom had five nice coats, five handbags and 2 evening clutches! I had to ask myself how come I have 25 coats and 42 purses? Three closet filled to the brim I emptied two closets and took the stuff to a consignment, a buy, sell trade place they took most of it and just wrote me a check I gave the rest to a women’s work program. Problems solved. We consigned our much of our furniture and got rid of tons of stuff it feels so good to have an empty house, where energy can move freely.",
"[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter holding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They begin each day focusing on its potential. And they [...]",
"Great list, ready to simplify my life! Yesterday I walked in both kids rooms with a small garbage can with the goal of throwing at least 10 things away, in just a few minutes. I threw so much more away, it felt wonderful!",
"[...] The Quick Clutter bust. Still my favorite chore-cum-excercise, because speed is of the essence here. I put on some upbeat, [...]",
"I think I have a lot to do but if I do them slowly I think I can .... I suffer with bipolar and I love the time. U say to take out and ” smell the roses” thak you",
"This is a great list. I have found focusing on gratitude over the last few years has really changed my perspective as a special needs mom who has faced various personal challenges. I am going to share this over at http://facebook.com/wellplannedgal. Thank you!",
"This article would’ve been good. Why isn’t it? The author seems to think everyone reading this is someone’s mother. I’m 18 years old, and would like to say that good and effective writing comes from making the work universally applicable and impactful to the reader. By assuming the reader is a female, and secondly, someone’s mom or grand mom, the effectiveness and merit has been greatly reduced.",
"I strongly believe that men and other humans who have not produced other humans, ‘nor wish to ever, can also take 21 quick actions to simplify their life.",
"That’s the thing about perspective though, isn’t it? I can’t write from the perspective of an 18-year-old’s needs anymore, as I am not 18. If I wrote this article with actions applicable to everyone, then they would be so broad and so vague as to be useless. So instead, I write from my perspective for people who either share a similar worldview or who are willing to set aside our differences and glean from my writing what they will. It’s OK if none of these actions apply to you, but they do apply to a lot of people. :)",
"Thank You,Brooke-this is my new go-to page for a reminder of how I’m travelling as far as simplifying my home. There is much to be done but all do- able-I appreciate the way you’ve simplified the approach to each task. Very encouraging piece, I’m inspired to finish what I’ve started. Thanks again!",
"I like this post, and your blog. What I like about your blog is that it englobes all aspects of life. All the other blogs I’ve been Reading focus too much on organizing, cleaning and budgeting. Well, yours include that, but it’s not the main goal. I like that, as THAT is what I need.",
"Living a simple life doesn’t mean you don’t have to take action for yourself. And this 21 quick actions you can do to simplify your life is really great help. Thanks to this!",
"I found your website through the Northwest Earth Institute’s blog. I LOVE it! I have bookmarked you as a favorite to read regularly. Thank you for speaking on voluntary simplicity. I am currently putting together a voluntary simplicity discussion group in my local community. In kindness, Melinda Engel, melindaengel.com",
"[...] you’re still not sure where to start, let us suggest 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life from the blog Slow Your Home. Some of the tips are about decluttering your home, others are about [...]",
"Howdy! I simply want to offer you a big thumbhs up forr the excelklent ibfo yoou have got here on thi post. I am cominng back to your site ffor more soon.",
"Great list! Have already begun decluttering my home and starting to see a difference. Will be putting my home up for sale soon and really need it to look its best. I find i have no difficulty tossing out stuff that belongs to me, but, find it hard to motivate my family to pare down their belongings. Will keep trying! Thanks for all the great advice! Eileen",
"I just wanted to say how much I enjoy your blog. I discovered you at the beginning of the year through (I think) ‘A simple kinda life’? I keep coming back as your writing and experiences resonate with me. Great ideas; somewhat challenging to put them all into practise living with my teenage, technology crazed, ‘floordrobe’ roomed twin boys but I keep trying. Thank you for the continuing inspiration.",
"This list is absolutely brilliant! Thank you, thank you, thank you for compiling so many useful, great ideas in one place. I love how you timed certain things. We tend to assume a task is more grueling and time consuming that it actually is and that’s why we procrastinate. When you think about how it only takes 6 seconds to put that blender up, it’s not so hard to make time to just go ahead and do it, NOW.",
"[...] year Brooke from Slow Your Home super simplified her home. Like not just a little, she did a LOT. She shares 21 tips you can use to simplify quickly. I also saw a friend on Instagram simplify by minimalising over a month, she did one thing on the [...]",
"[...] 8. Slow Your Home I really enjoy reading Brooke’s articles and she walks through how to live simply and purposefully. Her current series, the A-Z of Simple Living is wonderful and you should also read 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life. [...]",
"I adore your site. Must tell ya that the plants you listed with the exception of bamboo are all highly toxic for cats, especially the Peace Lily. Could be fatal or very harmful if ingested. Please note this in your plant action section (#4). You can get a list of cat friendly plants if you scope out more than one site on the subject because there are some schools that say spider plants are ok but they are not. Mildly toxic, but still, not great. Thanks! And keep up the great work, I love your voice. You are one of the few who motivate me to be able to manage this mess. Thank you.",
"PS: Bamboo is ok, so are orchids, which I love, jade trees and Christmas cactus (but not most other succulents), to name a few that are kitty safe.",
"[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because meditation is one of the things I put near the [...]",
"I love this list! My husband and I are taking a journey into being minimalists and I’ve got to say, it’s so much more fulfilling the plugging along in the ratrace :) We live in a tiny home and blog about our life and learning too! Thank you for the ideas!",
"[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]",
"Have you ever forgotten someone’s special occasion or have been forced to shop for a gift the day before your friend’s birthday? Gift Handler is an online service that emails you three great personalized ideas for a present in time to mark the event. Spend a few minutes describing each person on your list and your price range so you won’t have to worry about gift shopping for the rest of the year.",
"[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because meditation is one of the things I put near the [...]",
"[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]",
"This is great! As I read through the list I was “Yes. YES. YES!” Wish I’d written the list, but I just might write a blog post about your list and provide a link. Less is more. Thank you.",
"[...] Some healthy decluttering is a good thing and methods are plentiful – as in these links here, here and here for example. And just to be clear, not all procrastination is bad and can be good [...]",
"楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ブランドコピー,商品の 代引き販売.2015春夏新作 BOTTEGA VENETA?ボッテガヴェネタコピー?財布 新品 ヴィンテージ ラムスキン 編み込み L字ファスナー 長財布こちらは業界一人気のボッテガ?ヴェネタスーパーコピー専門ショップです!5年間以上 のボッテガ?ヴェネタコピー品販売実績を持っている信用できるスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ専門店!当店はボッテガヴェネタ 財布 コピー を激安で通販しているネット専門店です。ボッテガ ラウンドファスナー財布コピーやボッテガヴェネタ二つ折財布コピーなどを取り揃えてい ます。全商品はプロの目にも分からないボッテガ財布スーパーコピーN品です。 楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ボッテガヴェネタ新作のスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ商品満載。ブランドコピーボッテガヴェネタ商品は人気商品です。是非ご覧 ください。 ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク ミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ ピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ、エルメス、パネライ、パテックフィリップ偽物(コピー商品)のブランドの腕時計の販売、通販。 http://www.ooowatch.com/kabann/vuitton/index.html",
"[...] were worn because I noticed something really beautiful today. Before simplifying my life and slowing down, a normal day with my sister would have consisted of shopping. Buying things that I told myself I [...]",
"Thank you for this wise action list. Just reading your thoughts feels calming. Have been on rewarding simplified journey with the love of my life hubby almost three years now that began with removing years of storage and large basement furniture (3 livestock trailer loads to charity/auction destinations, regular car loads of household goods/clothing to donation sites), purging personal items, and becoming debt free. While reading your words, I found myself nodding at the similarities we’ve also experienced that brought peace to our home . . . in the midst of busy lives. My journey began with gratitude, a desire for order, and simpler rhythm to our lives like our beginning in our small log cabin home we built in Alaska. In much appreciation, Debbie",
"What a brilliant post! Such practical ideas. A lot of them, I do – I am always rearranging my living room! But many ideas I don’t. Small things make such a difference like making the bed every day!! Do you mind if I share a link to your post on my blog and Facebook? You are very good at this. Please keep sharing your ideas.",
"Well I thought I was stressed out because of too much going on and too many things to worry about. This article shows me that I am actually quite anal about being organised because I do all of the above things that the article recommends. My simplifying must be about having too many unfinished worries... and responsibilities. Do you fancy doing an article on this?",
"I love your idea of setting out items for breakfast. I already set out my clothes and my daughters. Thanks for the great ideas. :)",
"I enjoyed your work... Doing some of it and am thankful- I am on my way. took years to get cluttered so I know it takes time to unclutter. coming from hoarding parents- I’m determined to change!",
"Excellent blog. You cover everything including things I have not even considered. A very holistic approach to simple, mindful living and decluttering is just the icing. Thank you for your ideas.",
"Excellent article – very well written. I have already been decluttering since last year, and the satisfaction I felt, is unimaginable. Clearing the house from clutter, is clearing the mind, and this unbelievable sense of freedom. I am still going on. One should re-read your article every now and then, to ensure that one does not get out of this line. Many many thanks to you XXX",
"I thought that I’d done an exhaustive search, but discovered some new resources from your list. Thanks! I am also on a vegan journey and feel strongly that veganism and minimalism make a logical pair.",
"I keep searching for inspiration to simplify my life. Most sites have the same things on them. You number 19 and 20 are something I’ve never run across before; and they are two things I believe will help me on my journey.",
"[...] leer un artículo muy bueno sobre estas pequeñas acciones y más, los invito a visitar este post de Slow Your [...]",
"[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts together an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]",
"We really loved your post – it’s the most definitive on the subject of minimalism we have found especially finding your own morning routine and adding some life with indoor plants. We are a team of life coaches who constantly speak to our clients about this so will no doubt be referring our clients to your amazing resource!!",
"I'm Brooke and I'm a firm advocate for the best things in life - naps, travel, a good book and spending as much time in nature as possible. I'm the host and creator of The Slow Home Podcast and the author of SLOW and Destination Simple, and I live in the Southern Highlands of NSW with my family and an ever-expanding veggie garden. Nice to meet you. x"
]
},
"parsed_md": "21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Slow Your Home\n\n# 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life\n\nPosted on September 10, 2012 by Brooke McAlary • 92 Comments\n\nYou want to live a simpler life, I know. That’s why you’re here, right? To\ncreate a life of simplicity, contentment and optimism.\n\nBut can I tell you something? Your life will not change, you will not be able\nto create that life you want unless you take action.\n\nTake action. And take it today.\n\nI want to make it easier for you to take action and move ahead on your journey\nto a simpler life. So all you have to do is set aside some time – anywhere\nbetween 10 minutes and an hour to tackle one of the 21 simple actions below.\n\nJust one is enough.\n\nMore is better, but one is enough to start living a simpler life today.\n\nYou just have to take action.\n\n## Action #1: Perform a Clutter Bust (10-45 minutes)\n\nThis is hands-down the best way to tidy and declutter a space in a short\nperiod of time. You can apply it to just one room at a time (strongly\nrecommended), or if you’re feeling ambitious or particularly over-run with\nclutter – tackle all the main areas of the home.\n\nWhatever you choose – speed is the key here.\n\nHow to clutter-bust your home:\n\n 1. Grab an empty laundry basket.\n 2. Choose a room to begin.\n 3. Moving quickly – pick up each and every item in that room that does not belong, or is out of place. Place them in the laundry basket.\n 4. Every single thing.\n 5. Once full, empty the contents of the laundry basket on the dining table or a clear space on the floor.\n 6. Sort items into piles – according to where they belong, as well as a pile for rubbish/donations/items that do not belong to you.\n 7. Working through one pile at a time, take every item back to its rightful place.\n 8. Complete for each pile and whenever you feel the clutter begin to take over your home.\n\n## Action # 2: Practice Gratitude\n\nRecent studies have shown that those of us who are regularly grateful for the\ngood in our lives are likely to be more physically active, feel more content\nin our day-to-day lives and suffer less health problems.\n\nSound good?\n\nHow to Practice Gratitude and Reap the Benefits:\n\nOnce a week, spend ten minutes writing down 5-10 people/acts/events/things you\nare grateful for. Just one sentence per entry is enough.\n\nThat’s it. Just ten minutes a week will have truly positive impact on your\nhappiness and well being.\n\nIs That All? Ten Minutes a Week? What if I Do More? Will I Be Happier?\n\nThe Gratitude studies have shown that over-doing the gratitude journalling may\nhave the opposite effect. Over time we become immune to the feeling of well-\nbeing gained through gratitude and lose the positive benefit.\n\nAlthough I personally tend to think it would take a lot to over-do this. I can\nsee no harm in thinking on the positives each morning or as you go to bed at\nnight.\n\n## Action # 3: Rearrange Your Living Room (1-2 hours)\n\nI’m not entirely sure when “living room” came to mean “room where we watch\ntelevision”, but that seems to be the purpose of most living rooms in most\nhomes.\n\nBut really, you want the living room to function in a number of ways, not only\nas a space to watch television.\n\nIn fact, you really should take the emphasis of the room away from mindless\ntelevision viewing and instead encourage lingering conversations, nights spent\nreading books and listening to music.\n\nHow to Reclaim Your Living Room for Living:\n\n 1. Look at the furniture you own and decide if it all needs to stay. Are you able to wall mount your TV? Get rid of the entertainment unit?\n 2. Try moving the television to a side wall, rather than the main, focal wall.\n 3. Arrange your lounges or armchairs to face each other, rather than the television. This helps to encourage conversation.\n 4. Bring a selection of your book and music collections out to encourage you to read or listen rather than automatically reaching for the remote at the end of the day.\n\n## Action # 4: Add Some Life With Indoor Plants (1 hour – including purchase)\n\nIndoor plants help detoxify the air inside our homes, by filtering the\nairborne toxins and fumes through the soil. They also help provide a point of\ncalm and have been shown to improve productivity.\n\nSome plants that are particularly good for the air inside your home:\n\n * Dracaena (There are over 50 varieties of dracaena and all have excellent air-cleaning properties)\n * Peace/Madonna lilies (Spathyphyllum)\n * Spider Plant (Chlorophytum comosum)\n * Weeping Fig/Ficus (Ficus benjamina)\n * Bamboo/Reed Palm (Chamaedorea sefritzii)\n\nGetting the most from your indoor plants:\n\nLeave your new plants in their plastic pots and simply place in a decorative\npot. This means you’re able to change out your plants and pots without having\nto re-pot every time.\n\nSpend some time being kind to your new plants, watering and feeding them well\nfor the first few months. Slowly ease back on the TLC, allowing the plant to\n“harden off” and acclimatise to its new environment.\n\nClean the leaves of your plants regularly by simply wiping over the leaves\nwith a clean, damp cloth.\n\nApply a slow release fertiliser every six months – in spring and autumn.\n\nPay attention to the changing watering needs. In summer the plants will need\nwatering 2-3 times a week, while in winter this will drop back to once every\n2-3 weeks.\n\n## Action # 5: Keep Your Dining Table Surface Clear (5 minutes)\n\nClutter attracts clutter, so a dining table with knick knacks, or papers or\ncraft items permanently scattered across it will be far more likely to end up\na catch-all for incoming mail, handbags, etc. AKA A Clutter Magnet.\n\nIf you desperately need something to decorate the space try one (and only\none!) of the following:\n\n * a simple bowl of fruit\n * a houseplant – an orchid, for example\n * a beautiful vase with or without flowers\n * a simple candle\n * a table runner\n * a pendant light suspended above the table\n * a colourful bowl\n\n## Action # 6: Use the “Good” Tableware and Glasses. (Daily)\n\nEven on random Tuesday nights.\n\nWhat good do these items do, what joy do they bring if you keep them locked\naway in a cabinet to be used for special occasions only?\n\nWhat’s more special than making memories with your family or friends – each\nand every night?\n\nThe Benefit of Using the Good Tableware:\n\n * no guilt at having them hidden away\n * less storage required as you use the good tableware daily and therefore won’t need a “daily set” of crockery\n * making use of something beautiful and special daily\n * practice mindfulness and gratitude by focusing on the gift that someone has given you\n\n## Action # 7: Create White Space\n\nWhite space allows us to highlight items of beauty and meaning. Items that are\nspecial to us. Items that we are choosing to surround ourselves with.\n\nWhite space is so incredibly important in creating a slow home and a simple\nlife.\n\nCreate white space in your home:\n\n 1. Choose one surface – one wall, one shelf, the mantle, your bedside table.\n 2. Remove everything from that one space.\n 3. Re-distribute, donate or toss those items.\n 4. Wipe the surface clean and leave it completely empty.\n 5. Live with that empty space for a week, then put one thing and one thing only back in that space. Make it something beautiful or meaningful.\n 6. Appreciate it.\n\n## Action # 8: Prepare Yourself for the Morning. (10 minutes)\n\nPreparation is half the battle in getting organised, so make your mornings\neasier – regardless of what they entail – by preparing yourself the night\nbefore:\n\n * Take one minute to clear the sink and wipe down the benchtops – it’s remarkable the difference it makes to your morning to walk into a clean kitchen.\n * Pull out your clothes and the clothes for your kids. If they’re old enough to dress themselves, then this is one less task for you in the morning.\n * Set the table for breakfast. An action as simple as putting bowls, plates, cutlery and coffee cups out means people can serve themselves as they get ready. Even young kids are able to pour cereal and milk.\n * Pack your bags. Prepare your work bag, the kids school bags or the nappy bag with everything (except lunches) that need to leave the house.\n\n## Action # 9: Find Storage for Your Kitchen Appliances (15 minutes)\n\nKeep your kitchen as clutter-free as possible by keeping the benchtops clear\nof appliances.\n\nFind a place in your cupboards for the kettle, toaster, blender and any other\nappliances that currently reside on the benchtop. It takes approximately 6\nseconds to put these back after use and your kitchen will be so much easier on\nthe eye and far less likely to become cluttered.\n\n## Action # 10: Create Secondary Storage for Pantry Items.\n\nThis one change will keep your pantry tidy and uncluttered – meaning you’re\nfar less likely to waste food and far more likely to keep the pantry\norganised.\n\nAll you need is one or two shelves elsewhere in your house. Consider using a\ncupboard in the laundry or a shelf in the linen closet – providing it’s easy\nto access and out of view, anywhere will work.\n\nUse this space to store extra flour, breakfast cereals, sugar, pasta, pasta\nsauce, tinned tomatoes and beans, rice, quinoa, long-life milk, stocks etc.\n\nThe benefits of having secondary storage:\n\n * It keeps the main pantry uncluttered\n * You always have something on hand for a simple, easy meal if caught out at the last minute\n * Fortnightly or monthly meal planning is made much easier by having the space set aside to store bulkier pantry staples\n\n## Action # 11: Meal Plan!\n\nMeal planning is one of the best things you can do to encourage a simpler way\nof living. It means:\n\n * No more last-minute trips to the grocery shop at 4:45pm, looking for inspiration for dinner.\n * You’re more aware of your spending habits, as you’re only buying once a week or even less.\n * You’re likely to eat a greater variety of foods because you’ve taken the time to plan ahead.\n\nTo tackle meal planning:\n\n 1. Decide how often you will write out your meal plan. Weekly? Fortnightly? I have a friend who plans her family meals 10 weeks at a time. Just establish what works best for you.\n 2. How will you write the plan itself? I use the age-old method of pen and paper, but there are multiple apps, beautiful printables and online programs you can use to get you sorted.\n\nI simply take a piece of paper, write out the menu for the coming fortnight on\nthe bottom half and the grocery list on the top half. It’s easiest to do it\nall at once, to ensure no ingredients are missed.\n\n## Action # 12: Make Your Bed Each and Every Day (5 minutes)\n\nNo-one says it better than Gretchen Rubin, the mastermind behind The Happiness\nProject:\n\n> From my own experience, and what people have told me, I think there are two\n> reasons [why making your bed every day is such a key to happiness]:\n>\n> First, making your bed is a step that’s quick and easy, yet makes a big\n> difference. Everything looks neater. It’s easier to find your shoes. Your\n> bedroom is a more peaceful environment. For most people, outer order\n> contributes to inner calm.\n>\n> Second, sticking to any resolution – no matter what it is – brings\n> satisfaction. You’ve decided to make some change, and you’ve stuck to it.\n> Because making my bed is one of the first things I do in the morning, I\n> start the day feeling efficient, productive, and disciplined.\n\n## Action #13: Start an Exit Drawer (1 hour)\n\nAn exit drawer is a place for you to keep everything that needs to leave your\nhouse when you do. It’s a place to store left-behind items, letters that need\nposting, clothes that need repair and bills that need paying.\n\nStarting (and using) your exit drawer is one sure-fire way to reduce clutter.\nYou will clear your home of things that don’t belong there, and you will clear\nyour head of “things I need to remember when I leave”.\n\nWhat do I Need?\n\nNothing hi-tech, just a space that you have set aside as your exit drawer.\nIdeally, it wouldn’t be used as anything else. Just your exit drawer.\n\nIt could literally be a drawer in your hallway. It could be a basket inside\nyour coat closet. It could be a calico bag hung up on your hat stand.\n\nWhatever/wherever it is, just commit to using it.\n\nWhat Do I Do?\n\nThen – this is the really easy part – put things in it that don’t belong to\nyou. Those jackets, socks, toys, plates etc. Put them right in your drawer.\n\nAdd to that anything you need to remember for an upcoming errand or take to an\nupcoming appointment. Your referral, that bill you need to pay or the letters\nthat need posting.\n\nThen – and this is the tricky part – remember to look in that drawer every\ntime you leave the house. Every time.\n\nAnd every time you have visitors. Every time.\n\n## Action #14: Start a Donate Box (5 minutes)\n\nMake decluttering easy – give yourself somewhere to keep the items you’re\ngiving away.\n\nHave a box – yes, a plain old box – where you can put the items you’ve\ndecluttered, ready for donation.\n\nWhen the box is full, take it to your local charity collection depot, op shop,\nthrift store or homeless shelter.\n\n## Action #15: Check Your Mindset\n\nWhy do you want to live simpler life? What do you crave about it? Why are you\npassionate about creating a slower home? A simpler life?\n\nYou need to know the answers before you can make headway.\n\nCheck your mindset:\n\n 1. Write down your goals. What do you want from this change? Where do you feel the greatest need to slow down and simplify? What do you stand to gain?\n 2. Write down your strengths. What are you already good at? Gardening? Organising? Planning? Cooking healthy, cheap meals?\n 3. Write down your weaknesses. What challenges will you face? What circumstances will make change harder for you?\n 4. Check your answers. You need to be in this for the right reasons. You need to understand that you come to simple living from a unique place. Your journey won’t look like anyone else’s. And that’s fine. Great, even. Perfect.\n 5. Get to it. Committing goals to paper helps you achieve them.\n\n## Action #16: Get Your Finances in Order (1-2 hours)\n\nIf your financial situation is less than ideal, then talking about it or even\nthinking about it is likely to cause stress. You may break into a sweat, you\nmay argue with your husband, you may feel sick or guilty or both.\n\nBut here’s the kicker – to make it any better, to escape the financial maze,\nto free yourself from the constant stress and worry – you need to face facts.\nAnd often that means having a difficult conversation.\n\nIf you do this, if you are brave enough, I can guarantee you will feel a\nweight off your shoulders. You won’t find an extra $10,000 hiding somewhere,\nbut you will know where you are. Then – and only then – can you start to move\nforward, towards the simpler life you want.\n\nWhy is it so Important?\n\nOnce you understand how much money comes in, what your expenses really are and\nwhat financial goals you have, you can create a budgeting system that works\nfor you.\n\nWhich in turn means you can rest easier, knowing there is enough money for\nbills, groceries, unexpected extras. As well as paying down debt or saving for\na house deposit/holiday/car.\n\nOK. How Do I Start?\n\nI’ve written a three-part series on how to manage your household budget. You\ncan check out the three parts here and get your finances in order today:\n\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 1\n\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 2\n\nHow to Manage Your Household Budget: Step 3\n\n## Action # 17: Be Accountable by Recording Your Simplifying Efforts.\n\nMake a goal of decluttering 100 items this month. Or to remove 5 things from\neach room today. Or to cull 2012 items in a year.\n\nThen tell people about it.\n\nBlog about it.\n\nBrag about it when you reach your goal.\n\nIf you share your aspirations for a simpler life with others, as well as the\nefforts you go to – the benefits are two-fold:\n\n 1. You are far more likely to achieve your goals when being held accountable.\n 2. You will inspire others to action and possibly introduce them to a simpler way of living. Which is all kinds of awesome.\n\n## Action #18: Declutter Your Wardrobe (1-2 hours)\n\nDo you have too many clothes, yet often, nothing to wear?\n\nThen you need to pay special attention to this task.\n\n1\\. Clear your bed of any clutter or mess – this will be your workspace 2. Set\nup two plastic bags/boxes – one is for donation and one is for things to throw\naway 3. Starting with just one section of the wardrobe (hanging clothes, or\nshoes, or folded clothes etc) take everything out. Lay them all on your bed,\nand do not move on until you’ve completely dealt with this current section. 4.\nPick up each piece of clothing and ask yourself:\n\n * Have I worn this in the last year? No? Let it go.\n * Is it in good condition? If not, do I love it enough to have it repaired? No? Let it go.\n * Do I feel good wearing this? This is a big one – it doesn’t matter how beautiful it is, unless you feel good wearing it, it will languish in the back of your wardrobe, taunting you. Let it go.\n * Does it fit me well? Again, it doesn’t matter how gorgeous it is or how much it cost, if it doesn’t fit well, then you won’t wear it. Let it go.\n * Is there a good reason to keep it? If it is in incredibly good condition, is very well made, and is a classic style (think black blazer, little black dress, black pumps) then you may want to keep it. But unless it is all of those things, then let it go.\n\n5\\. Don’t put the item down until you have decided where it goes. If you\ndecide to keep it, then return it to the correct spot in your wardrobe,\notherwise put it in your donate or throw away bag. 6. If you’re really torn,\nyou can add things to a holding box and if there’s nothing you need/want in it\nover the following 6 months, you can safely donate everything in there,\nwithout opening it. 7. Move on to the next section and repeat the steps above.\nThis is where you can choose how long you spend on this task. If you’re short\non time, then you should just tackle one of these sections per day. But if you\ncan find the time, you really should keep going. You will thank me when you’re\ndone! 8. Once the entire wardrobe has been decluttered, it’s time to organise\nwhat remains. Keep similar items together.\n\n## Action #19: Daily Meditation (5 minutes)\n\nIt’s a trendy buzzword, I know. But meditation has huge benefits for everyone\n– including those of us searching for a simpler life.\n\nMeditation brings perspective, it brings calm, it brings peace and leaves you\nfeeling grounded and well-prepared for the day.\n\nIf you’ve never meditated before, or if you’re looking for a quick, easy\nexercise you can do daily, then read on. What follows is more a mindfulness\nexercise, but one that is incredibly effective:\n\nTake a deep breath. Close your eyes. And think of your five senses.\n\n 1. Touch: what can you feel at this very moment?\n 2. Taste: what can you taste right now?\n 3. Sound: what can you hear?\n 4. Smell: can you smell anything?\n 5. Sight: what do you see in front of you?\n\nBe specific and really explore your senses. Slowly take stock of each of them\n– one by one.\n\nTouch: I can feel the carpet beneath my feet. The seat under my butt. My shirt\non my shoulders. My fingers are cold.\n\nTaste: I can taste Milk Arrowroot biscuit and chamomile tea.\n\nSound: I can hear both of my littles stirring in bed, the rain outside and the\ntap of my keyboard.\n\nSmell: I can smell coffee. Spring time.\n\nSight: I can see my computer monitor, a glass of water, a cup of pencils, the\nshadow from the blinds on the windowsill.\n\nImmersing yourself in your immediate surroundings, actively thinking about\neach of those things, means you’re taken out of your own head for a moment.\nThat pressing issue, that rising anxiety, that thing that’s stressing you out\n– it’s gone. At least for those moments.\n\nIt’s a simple thing to do, you can do it anywhere, and over time, it will\nteach you to be more present and pay attention to what is currently happening,\nrather than getting caught up in the complexities of what-ifs, whens and whys.\n\n## Action #20: Start with Acceptance (Undefined!)\n\nBefore you can make sweeping and lasting changes to your life, you need to\nunderstand where it is you’re coming from.\n\nYou need to accept your current circumstances, limitations, strengths and\nweaknesses.\n\nIf you don’t start out from a place of acceptance, then all the work you put\nin to creating a simpler, slower life will be overshadowed by feelings of\ninadequacy, guilt and comparison.\n\n1\\. Accept that where you are in life is your starting point.\n\nThat may be a family with 3 young kids, a single mum with a teenager, a\nretired grandmother...\n\nUntil you accept the place you’re currently in, it will prove almost\nimpossible to make meaningful changes to your life. You will be too busy\nfeeling inadequate!\n\n2\\. Accept who you are – your strengths and weaknesses.\n\nI don’t mean you should stop improving yourself, or stop learning, or stop\nattaining new skills. But don’t try to squish your square shape into that\nround hole any more. Some things will simply prove harder for you than for\nothers. Accept it and move on.\n\n3\\. Accept your limitations.\n\nBe them personal or circumstantial. Some things are just not possible given\nyour current situation.\n\nTake pride in the fact that you are working with what you’ve got and doing\nwhat you can.\n\n4\\. Accept that you will be making changes to your life gradually.\n\nDeliberately, mindfully, intentionally. They are more likely to stick this\nway.\n\n5\\. Accept that there will always be more you can do.\n\nAlways.\n\nSo stop trying to reach the finish line in the shortest time possible. The\nfinish line keeps moving and this is not a race.\n\n## Action #21: Unplug (1 minute)\n\nYou need time to think, time to dream, time to talk and time to do nothing at\nall.\n\nReading blogs on your smartphone is not doing nothing. Just as browsing\nPinterest is not fueling your dreams. So take one minute, turn off your\nlaptop, leave your phone inside and relish in unplugging.\n\nThere you have it. 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life.\n\nThe key to making many of the actions above work for you is to do them\nconsistently. Like with any major life changes, many of them need to become\nhabit before you reap the biggest benefit, but starting with the actions above\nwill get you well on your way to a simpler, slower life.\n\nAnd as I said at the beginning, you don’t have to do everything on this list,\njust pick the ones that will work best for you right now.\n\nThe key is to take action. Try something above and let me know how it works\nfor you.\n\nWhat would you add to this list? Let us know in the comments.\n\n{Thanks to Corbett Barr for the inspiration for this post’s format. You can\nsee his post 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Set Your Blog Up for Massive\nSuccess here and the original post from Adam Baker, 24 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today That Can Change Your Financial Life Forever}\n\nFiled Under: Stuff, Time\n\n← Creativity – The Simple Way\n\nHow is Your Other Half? →\n\n### 92 Responses to 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life\n\n 1. tam says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 12:56 pm\n\nthank you for helping ang guiding me to change the way I live xx\n\nReply\n\n 2. James L. Carey says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 4:25 pm\n\nFantastic post. Hear that? That’s the sound of me becoming a big fan of this\nblog.\n\nReply\n\n 3. Carla says:\n\nSeptember 10, 2012 at 6:05 pm\n\nGreat post, succinct and exactly what I needed to read right now. I feel I am\nin a turning point in my life and need to take action!\n\nReply\n\n 4. Our Resources are Finite. And It Matters. says:\n\nSeptember 11, 2012 at 4:49 am\n\n[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter\nholding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They\nbegin each day focusing on its potential. And they reorient [...]\n\nReply\n\n 5. Sher says:\n\nSeptember 17, 2012 at 4:34 am\n\nlove the White Space suggestion! Spent most of the day yesterday doing my\nwardrobe...my trunk is full of donations for charity! feels so good :)\n\nReply\n\n 6. Georgee says:\n\nOctober 1, 2012 at 8:52 am\n\nSlowly incorporating these actions into my overwhelming life, still not\nreceiving the bootcamp e-mails regularly though, so it’s great receiving these\nposts for more inspiration\n\nReply\n\n 7. simple living | sang the bird says:\n\nOctober 8, 2012 at 2:28 pm\n\n[...] slow your home This entry was posted in home, intention, simply and\ntagged living simpler by leah. Bookmark the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 8. Slow Your Home - The Best Of | Slow Your Home says:\n\nNovember 15, 2012 at 7:19 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\n\nReply\n\n 9. Link tag Tuesday #104 – nature, clients and libraries says:\n\nDecember 11, 2012 at 7:26 pm\n\n[...] Here are 21 simple actions you can take to improve your life. Sometimes\nthese lists are a bit obvious, but this is actually a really nifty list, and I\nrecommend reading it and actioning some (or all!) the tips. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 10. Is less really more? Energy Shifts and Your Sanity! : Flora Peterson says:\n\nDecember 15, 2012 at 9:37 am\n\n[...] Great blog post about creating a simple life – Read now [...]\n\nReply\n\n 11. On Breaks and Holidays | Slow Your Home says:\n\nDecember 24, 2012 at 6:01 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\n\nReply\n\n 12. Carmen says:\n\nJanuary 1, 2013 at 8:27 pm\n\nHi Ya, Started reading this tonight and it was like something came over me and\nI went on this frenzy of decluttering my kitchen and I am now looking round\nafter 2 hours and I am so pleased, even if it is almost 11 pm !!! Thanks for\nbeing so inspiring and I love getting your regular updates.\n\nFrom a very happy ‘simple’ girl :)\n\nReply\n\n 13. http://Plumtreelodge.com/ says:\n\nMarch 7, 2013 at 12:42 pm\n\nI personally was basically looking for recommendations for my very own web\nsite and observed your posting, _21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify\nYour Life | Slow Your Home_, will you mind in the event I actually start using\na bit of of ur points?\n\nMany thanks ,Robbie\n\nReply\n\n 14. Clutter Wars: The Fearse family gain some ground. | The Fearse Family says:\n\nApril 22, 2013 at 8:49 am\n\n[...] my blog reading I came across this very inspirational post on Slow Your\nHome. I don’t know if this is a sign that I am now [...]\n\nReply\n\n 15. Linda Edwards says:\n\nMay 16, 2013 at 12:20 pm\n\nGreat Article! I can’t wait to start using some of your tips!\n\nReply\n\n 16. Chelle says:\n\nJune 9, 2013 at 11:11 am\n\nI’m a total fan of the laundry basket trick! I’ve been doing this for years\nand it is the best method for me hands down! It’s nice to see someone else\nlugging around their full laundry basket, too! LOL\n\nGreat blog!\n\n~Chelle\n\nReply\n\n 17. Carla says:\n\nJune 25, 2013 at 2:16 pm\n\nI’ll add my recent personal favourite: spend time researching and checking out\nsuppliers for weekly or regular things. Have one (realistically two) places\nonly where you shop for any important things – food, your clothes, kids\nclothes, household. Choose the supermarket or supplier you can rely on to pre-\nselect items of a quality/style/price/ethos you favour. Then you can cut down\nyour shopping around (as I used to do) AND support good retailing!\n\nReply\n\n 18. 3 Lessons Learned from a Quick Clutter Bust - shed mom says:\n\nSeptember 1, 2013 at 2:53 pm\n\n[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving de-cluttering\nmethod I learned from Brooke of Slow Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 19. Three Lessons Learned from a Quick Clutter Bust | shed, mom says:\n\nSeptember 23, 2013 at 4:39 pm\n\n[...] did a clutter bust recently, a brilliant, time saving concept I learned\nfrom Brooke of Slow Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 20. heating And Air Conditioning san diego says:\n\nSeptember 24, 2013 at 4:29 pm\n\nNormally I don’t read article on blogs, however I would like to say that this\nwrite-up very compelled me to take a look at and do it! Your writing style has\nbeen amazed me. Thanks, quite great article.\n\nReply\n\n 21. The 100 Item Wardrobe Challenge – Part I | says:\n\nOctober 2, 2013 at 2:29 am\n\n[...] When it comes to de-cluttering your life and your wardrobe, most people\nhave the same advice. There are tons of great tutorials online and many\ninspiring stories. I know, because right after I decided to whittle my\nwardrobe down to 100 items, I procrastinated for about a week and nothing but\nread other people’s blogs instead of unpacking. The Nif En L’Air is a gorgeous\nblog and the writer takes an analytical approach to her own successes and\nfailures at honing her wardrobe. And there’s more inspiration here and here.\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n * Sophe says:\n\nDecember 21, 2017 at 6:27 pm\n\nThank you, very helpful. My parents had a two small closets. Mom had five nice\ncoats, five handbags and 2 evening clutches! I had to ask myself how come I\nhave 25 coats and 42 purses? Three closet filled to the brim I emptied two\nclosets and took the stuff to a consignment, a buy, sell trade place they took\nmost of it and just wrote me a check I gave the rest to a women’s work\nprogram. Problems solved. We consigned our much of our furniture and got rid\nof tons of stuff it feels so good to have an empty house, where energy can\nmove freely.\n\nReply\n\n 22. Our Resources are Limited. And It Matters. | Becoming Minimalist | DEFY ENNUI says:\n\nOctober 9, 2013 at 6:19 pm\n\n[...] pursuits. They attempt to remove the distractions and the clutter\nholding them back. They simplify life to focus on the most important. They\nbegin each day focusing on its potential. And they [...]\n\nReply\n\n 23. Alicia says:\n\nOctober 10, 2013 at 1:10 am\n\nGreat list, ready to simplify my life! Yesterday I walked in both kids rooms\nwith a small garbage can with the goal of throwing at least 10 things away, in\njust a few minutes. I threw so much more away, it felt wonderful!\n\nReply\n\n 24. A fellow blogger says:\n\nApril 22, 2014 at 4:23 pm\n\nJust reading this made me feel more relaxed and inspired. Thank you :)\n\nReply\n\n 25. Decluttering Tips for the Naturally Disorganized | Vanessa Salas says:\n\nApril 25, 2014 at 11:45 am\n\n[...] The Quick Clutter bust. Still my favorite chore-cum-excercise, because\nspeed is of the essence here. I put on some upbeat, [...]\n\nReply\n\n 26. Nolleen says:\n\nMay 28, 2014 at 12:25 am\n\nI think I have a lot to do but if I do them slowly I think I can .... I suffer\nwith bipolar and I love the time. U say to take out and ” smell the roses”\nthak you\n\nReply\n\n 27. Jenny says:\n\nJune 7, 2014 at 1:43 am\n\nThis is a great list. I have found focusing on gratitude over the last few\nyears has really changed my perspective as a special needs mom who has faced\nvarious personal challenges. I am going to share this over at\nhttp://facebook.com/wellplannedgal. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 28. How to simplify your life – Life Coach Directory says:\n\nJune 12, 2014 at 4:02 pm\n\n[...] and comment on the original Slow your Home [...]\n\nReply\n\n 29. Anonymous says:\n\nJune 16, 2014 at 10:58 am\n\nThis article would’ve been good. Why isn’t it? The author seems to think\neveryone reading this is someone’s mother. I’m 18 years old, and would like to\nsay that good and effective writing comes from making the work universally\napplicable and impactful to the reader. By assuming the reader is a female,\nand secondly, someone’s mom or grand mom, the effectiveness and merit has been\ngreatly reduced.\n\nI strongly believe that men and other humans who have not produced other\nhumans, ‘nor wish to ever, can also take 21 quick actions to simplify their\nlife.\n\n-18 year old female.\n\nReply\n\n * Brooke McAlary says:\n\nJune 16, 2014 at 12:05 pm\n\nThat’s the thing about perspective though, isn’t it? I can’t write from the\nperspective of an 18-year-old’s needs anymore, as I am not 18. If I wrote this\narticle with actions applicable to everyone, then they would be so broad and\nso vague as to be useless. So instead, I write from my perspective for people\nwho either share a similar worldview or who are willing to set aside our\ndifferences and glean from my writing what they will. It’s OK if none of these\nactions apply to you, but they do apply to a lot of people. :)\n\nThanks for taking the time to comment, Anonymous.\n\nReply\n\n 30. nani says:\n\nJune 21, 2014 at 8:23 am\n\nThank You,Brooke-this is my new go-to page for a reminder of how I’m\ntravelling as far as simplifying my home. There is much to be done but all do-\nable-I appreciate the way you’ve simplified the approach to each task. Very\nencouraging piece, I’m inspired to finish what I’ve started. Thanks again!\n\nReply\n\n 31. Viv says:\n\nJune 29, 2014 at 6:58 pm\n\nI like this post, and your blog. What I like about your blog is that it\nenglobes all aspects of life. All the other blogs I’ve been Reading focus too\nmuch on organizing, cleaning and budgeting. Well, yours include that, but it’s\nnot the main goal. I like that, as THAT is what I need.\n\nReply\n\n 32. Lucy McGarden says:\n\nJuly 4, 2014 at 4:35 pm\n\nLiving a simple life doesn’t mean you don’t have to take action for yourself.\nAnd this 21 quick actions you can do to simplify your life is really great\nhelp. Thanks to this!\n\nReply\n\n 33. Melinda Engel says:\n\nJuly 10, 2014 at 9:34 am\n\nI found your website through the Northwest Earth Institute’s blog. I LOVE it!\nI have bookmarked you as a favorite to read regularly. Thank you for speaking\non voluntary simplicity. I am currently putting together a voluntary\nsimplicity discussion group in my local community. In kindness, Melinda Engel,\nmelindaengel.com\n\nReply\n\n 34. Quick Steps to Begin Simplifying Your Home and Your Life says:\n\nAugust 8, 2014 at 12:10 am\n\n[...] you’re still not sure where to start, let us suggest 21 Quick Actions\nYou Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life from the blog Slow Your Home. Some of\nthe tips are about decluttering your home, others are about [...]\n\nReply\n\n 35. flyingglasselevator.com says:\n\nSeptember 23, 2014 at 9:38 pm\n\nVery nice article. I absolutely appreciate this website.\n\nThanks!\n\nReply\n\n 36. Gregorio says:\n\nSeptember 25, 2014 at 7:20 pm\n\nHowdy! I simply want to offer you a big thumbhs up forr the excelklent ibfo\nyoou have got here on thi post. I am cominng back to your site ffor more soon.\n\nReply\n\n 37. Eileen says:\n\nOctober 9, 2014 at 11:45 pm\n\nGreat list! Have already begun decluttering my home and starting to see a\ndifference. Will be putting my home up for sale soon and really need it to\nlook its best. I find i have no difficulty tossing out stuff that belongs to\nme, but, find it hard to motivate my family to pare down their belongings.\nWill keep trying! Thanks for all the great advice! Eileen\n\nReply\n\n 38. Fiona says:\n\nOctober 10, 2014 at 7:23 am\n\nI just wanted to say how much I enjoy your blog. I discovered you at the\nbeginning of the year through (I think) ‘A simple kinda life’? I keep coming\nback as your writing and experiences resonate with me. Great ideas; somewhat\nchallenging to put them all into practise living with my teenage, technology\ncrazed, ‘floordrobe’ roomed twin boys but I keep trying. Thank you for the\ncontinuing inspiration.\n\nReply\n\n 39. Amber says:\n\nNovember 18, 2014 at 3:06 pm\n\nThis list is absolutely brilliant! Thank you, thank you, thank you for\ncompiling so many useful, great ideas in one place. I love how you timed\ncertain things. We tend to assume a task is more grueling and time consuming\nthat it actually is and that’s why we procrastinate. When you think about how\nit only takes 6 seconds to put that blender up, it’s not so hard to make time\nto just go ahead and do it, NOW.\n\nReply\n\n 40. 15 ordinary things to do in 2015 - Fat Mum Slim | LIVING LIFE INSPIRED says:\n\nJanuary 9, 2015 at 2:52 pm\n\n[...] year Brooke from Slow Your Home super simplified her home. Like not just\na little, she did a LOT. She shares 21 tips you can use to simplify quickly. I\nalso saw a friend on Instagram simplify by minimalising over a month, she did\none thing on the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 41. 10 Minimalism and Decluttering Blogs | Nourishing Minimalism says:\n\nJanuary 20, 2015 at 4:52 am\n\n[...] 8. Slow Your Home I really enjoy reading Brooke’s articles and she walks\nthrough how to live simply and purposefully. Her current series, the A-Z of\nSimple Living is wonderful and you should also read 21 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 42. Practice Gratitude | Fuller Way of Life says:\n\nJanuary 26, 2015 at 5:58 am\n\n[...] Brooke – author of Slow Your Home {The Simpler Life You Want}. Although\nher article “21 Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life” is from\nSeptember of 2012, I believe it is still relevant today. I enjoyed all of her\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 43. 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today To Change Your Digital Life Forever | Bos Organization | Los Angeles Professional Organizer says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2015 at 10:10 am\n\n[...] Actions You Can Do Today to Set Your Blog Up for Massive Success which\ninspired Brooke McAlary’s 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your\nLife. Both were inspired by Adam Baker’s 24 Quick Actions You Can Do Today\nThat Can Change Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 44. Sandra says:\n\nJanuary 28, 2015 at 2:24 am\n\nYou can also use Noosfeer to have a better experience while reading on the web\n;)\n\nReply\n\n 45. Robert says:\n\nFebruary 12, 2015 at 11:30 am\n\nThanks that was very helpful. Lots of well thought out and explained steps to\nhelp me simplify my life.\n\nReply\n\n 46. Ardene says:\n\nFebruary 20, 2015 at 2:13 pm\n\nI adore your site. Must tell ya that the plants you listed with the exception\nof bamboo are all highly toxic for cats, especially the Peace Lily. Could be\nfatal or very harmful if ingested. Please note this in your plant action\nsection (#4). You can get a list of cat friendly plants if you scope out more\nthan one site on the subject because there are some schools that say spider\nplants are ok but they are not. Mildly toxic, but still, not great. Thanks!\nAnd keep up the great work, I love your voice. You are one of the few who\nmotivate me to be able to manage this mess. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n * Ardene says:\n\nFebruary 20, 2015 at 2:16 pm\n\nPS: Bamboo is ok, so are orchids, which I love, jade trees and Christmas\ncactus (but not most other succulents), to name a few that are kitty safe.\n\nReply\n\n 47. Jishma says:\n\nFebruary 22, 2015 at 5:48 pm\n\nThank you ....for this beautiful and inspiring article...\n\nReply\n\n 48. Michelle says:\n\nMarch 9, 2015 at 5:33 am\n\nI am doing a declutter right now.\n\nReply\n\n 49. Day 16 of 28 Days to Simplify My Life a la Pinterest: Daily Meditation | Our Unschooling, Unjobbing Life says:\n\nMarch 26, 2015 at 4:00 pm\n\n[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because\nmeditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 50. Karen says:\n\nApril 6, 2015 at 1:58 pm\n\nWonderful! I’m getting started! Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 51. Megan Wise says:\n\nApril 24, 2015 at 8:00 am\n\nI love this list! My husband and I are taking a journey into being minimalists\nand I’ve got to say, it’s so much more fulfilling the plugging along in the\nratrace :) We live in a tiny home and blog about our life and learning too!\nThank you for the ideas!\n\nReply\n\n 52. Simple | Blue Like That says:\n\nApril 28, 2015 at 1:07 am\n\n[...] been reading some inspiration lately, and one post challenged me to\nwrite down my [...]\n\nReply\n\n 53. 30 Must-Read Articles If You're Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist – The Minimalist Vegan says:\n\nApril 28, 2015 at 9:02 pm\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 54. Dairy Free Gluten Free Vanilla Rice Pudding + Link Love says:\n\nMay 12, 2015 at 10:47 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Great tips\nfrom Slow Your Home, on how to declutter and simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 55. Will says:\n\nJune 5, 2015 at 1:50 am\n\nOne sure-fire way to simplifying your life: Delegate your routine chores.\n\nHave you ever forgotten someone’s special occasion or have been forced to shop\nfor a gift the day before your friend’s birthday? Gift Handler is an online\nservice that emails you three great personalized ideas for a present in time\nto mark the event. Spend a few minutes describing each person on your list and\nyour price range so you won’t have to worry about gift shopping for the rest\nof the year.\n\nhttp://www.gifthandler.com\n\nReply\n\n 56. Day 16 of 28 Days to Simplify My Life a la Pinterest: Daily Meditation | We, The Dancers says:\n\nJune 28, 2015 at 12:06 pm\n\n[...] like what this post (#19) had to suggest regarding meditation, because\nmeditation is one of the things I put near the [...]\n\nReply\n\n 57. 30 Must-Read Articles If You're Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist says:\n\nJuly 14, 2015 at 8:10 pm\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 58. Sharon says:\n\nSeptember 28, 2015 at 9:36 pm\n\nThis is great! As I read through the list I was “Yes. YES. YES!” Wish I’d\nwritten the list, but I just might write a blog post about your list and\nprovide a link. Less is more. Thank you.\n\nReply\n\n 59. Simplify your life. Part 2. - Saving Dinosaurs says:\n\nOctober 27, 2015 at 9:59 am\n\n[...] Some healthy decluttering is a good thing and methods are plentiful – as\nin these links here, here and here for example. And just to be clear, not all\nprocrastination is bad and can be good [...]\n\nReply\n\n 60. ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク ミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ ピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ says:\n\nNovember 14, 2015 at 9:37 pm\n\n楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ブランドコピー,商品の 代引き販売.2015春夏新作 BOTTEGA\nVENETA?ボッテガヴェネタコピー?財布 新品 ヴィンテージ ラムスキン 編み込み L字ファスナー\n長財布こちらは業界一人気のボッテガ?ヴェネタスーパーコピー専門ショップです!5年間以上\nのボッテガ?ヴェネタコピー品販売実績を持っている信用できるスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ専門店!当店はボッテガヴェネタ 財布 コピー\nを激安で通販しているネット専門店です。ボッテガ ラウンドファスナー財布コピーやボッテガヴェネタ二つ折財布コピーなどを取り揃えてい\nます。全商品はプロの目にも分からないボッテガ財布スーパーコピーN品です。\n楽天ブランドコピーはボッテガヴェネタコピーのバッグのをご紹介します。ボッテガヴェネタ新作のスーパーコピーボッテガ?ヴェネタ商品満載。ブランドコピーボッテガヴェネタ商品は人気商品です。是非ご覧\nください。 ブランドコピー時計大人気を海外激安通販専門店ロレックス、ブルガリ、フランク\nミュラー、シャネル、カルティエ、オメガ、IWC、ルイヴィトン、オーデマ\nピゲ、ブライトリング、グッチ、エルメス、パネライ、パテックフィリップ偽物(コピー商品)のブランドの腕時計の販売、通販。\nhttp://www.ooowatch.com/kabann/vuitton/index.html\n\nReply\n\n 61. エルメス ボリードスーパーコピー.ブランド直営店.ブランド,エルメス激安通販,業界で最高な品質に挑戦します!\"ブランドN級品ブランドコピー 代引き,スーパーコピー時計,ブランドN級品, says:\n\nNovember 17, 2015 at 8:42 am\n\nエルメス ボリードスーパーコピー.ブランド直営店.ブランド,エルメス激安通販,業界で最高な品質に挑戦します!”ブランドN級品ブランドコピー\n代引き,スーパーコピー時計,ブランドN級品,楽天コピーブランド,,偽物ブラン日本最大級の最高のスーパーコピーブランド財布激安代引き販売店,スーパーコピー時計の激安老舗.!国内No.1時計コピー工房,アフターサービスも自ら製造したスーパーコピー時計なので、技術力でお客様に安心のサポー\nトをご提供させて頂きます。スーパーコピー 代引きN品をご 購入の方は、こちらへ.弊社は正規品と同等品質のコピー品を低価で\nお客様に提供します!すべての商品は品質2年無料保証です。100%実物写真ですし、品質が完璧です!”スーパーコピーブランド財布激安 偽物財布激安コピー\nルイヴィトン財布偽物,偽物財布コピー\nhttp://www.okakaku.com/brand-8-copy-0-cheap-0-max0-attr0-3-sort_order%20Desc%2cgoods_id-\nDESC.html\n\nReply\n\n 62. Weekend Roundup: 11/21/15 - GEN Y GIRL says:\n\nNovember 24, 2015 at 4:48 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today To Simplify Your Life: Slow Your Home\n[...]\n\nReply\n\n 63. Day 3: Casual winter capsule | Bonnie Rae says:\n\nNovember 26, 2015 at 9:45 am\n\n[...] were worn because I noticed something really beautiful today. Before\nsimplifying my life and slowing down, a normal day with my sister would have\nconsisted of shopping. Buying things that I told myself I [...]\n\nReply\n\n 64. Margo says:\n\nJanuary 4, 2016 at 11:29 am\n\nWhat a great list!\n\nReply\n\n 65. Declutter Your Life | Spilling Ink Studio says:\n\nJanuary 23, 2016 at 12:40 pm\n\n[...] her Slow Your Home site, Brooke McAlary, shares 21 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. The focus is on simplifying your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 66. Debbie Hiers says:\n\nFebruary 1, 2016 at 10:29 pm\n\nThank you for this wise action list. Just reading your thoughts feels calming.\nHave been on rewarding simplified journey with the love of my life hubby\nalmost three years now that began with removing years of storage and large\nbasement furniture (3 livestock trailer loads to charity/auction destinations,\nregular car loads of household goods/clothing to donation sites), purging\npersonal items, and becoming debt free. While reading your words, I found\nmyself nodding at the similarities we’ve also experienced that brought peace\nto our home . . . in the midst of busy lives. My journey began with gratitude,\na desire for order, and simpler rhythm to our lives like our beginning in our\nsmall log cabin home we built in Alaska. In much appreciation, Debbie\n\nReply\n\n 67. Kirsty says:\n\nFebruary 7, 2016 at 6:11 am\n\nWhat a brilliant post! Such practical ideas. A lot of them, I do – I am always\nrearranging my living room! But many ideas I don’t. Small things make such a\ndifference like making the bed every day!! Do you mind if I share a link to\nyour post on my blog and Facebook? You are very good at this. Please keep\nsharing your ideas.\n\nReply\n\n * Brooke McAlary says:\n\nFebruary 9, 2016 at 9:44 am\n\nThanks Kirsty! Please share freely and widely. :)\n\nReply\n\n 68. Natalie says:\n\nFebruary 18, 2016 at 4:35 am\n\nWow, excellent article. Very, very helpful. Thank you!\n\nReply\n\n 69. Monthly Goals Theme: FIRE IT UP-POWER IT UP! | HydroSupraLicked says:\n\nMarch 4, 2016 at 8:02 am\n\n[...] *top read* 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life [...]\n\nReply\n\n 70. Breaking the Busyness Habit | 4 Elements of Success says:\n\nMarch 9, 2016 at 1:30 pm\n\n[...] her Slow Your Home site, Brooke McAlary, shares 21 Quick Actions You Can\nDo Today to Simplify Your Life. The focus is on simplifying your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 71. christina says:\n\nMarch 18, 2016 at 6:53 pm\n\nOne of the best posts i’ve ever read about simplifing! Thanks!\n\nReply\n\n 72. Raymond says:\n\nMay 14, 2016 at 1:16 pm\n\nSimple tips to simply make life better\n\nReply\n\n 73. Jay says:\n\nMay 31, 2016 at 8:51 am\n\nWell I thought I was stressed out because of too much going on and too many\nthings to worry about. This article shows me that I am actually quite anal\nabout being organised because I do all of the above things that the article\nrecommends. My simplifying must be about having too many unfinished worries...\nand responsibilities. Do you fancy doing an article on this?\n\nReply\n\n 74. ESMERALDA SANTOS says:\n\nAugust 14, 2016 at 3:16 am\n\nTHIS IS A GREAT ARTICLE I LIKE TO TRY IT TODAY! THANKS.\n\nReply\n\n 75. Tiff says:\n\nNovember 9, 2016 at 9:46 am\n\nSuch simple achievable tips , thankyou ! <3\n\nReply\n\n 76. Melissa says:\n\nNovember 21, 2016 at 6:40 am\n\nI love your idea of setting out items for breakfast. I already set out my\nclothes and my daughters. Thanks for the great ideas. :)\n\nReply\n\n 77. Caroline says:\n\nDecember 6, 2016 at 2:51 am\n\nI enjoyed your work... Doing some of it and am thankful- I am on my way. took\nyears to get cluttered so I know it takes time to unclutter. coming from\nhoarding parents- I’m determined to change!\n\nReply\n\n 78. Photis says:\n\nDecember 22, 2016 at 9:16 pm\n\nPretty solid thinking :)\n\nReply\n\n 79. Aradhana says:\n\nJanuary 13, 2017 at 11:07 am\n\nExcellent blog. You cover everything including things I have not even\nconsidered. A very holistic approach to simple, mindful living and\ndecluttering is just the icing. Thank you for your ideas.\n\nReply\n\n 80. katerina greece says:\n\nJanuary 27, 2017 at 5:15 am\n\nExcellent article – very well written. I have already been decluttering since\nlast year, and the satisfaction I felt, is unimaginable. Clearing the house\nfrom clutter, is clearing the mind, and this unbelievable sense of freedom. I\nam still going on. One should re-read your article every now and then, to\nensure that one does not get out of this line. Many many thanks to you XXX\n\nReply\n\n 81. Beth Bishop says:\n\nMay 4, 2017 at 6:54 pm\n\nI thought that I’d done an exhaustive search, but discovered some new\nresources from your list. Thanks! I am also on a vegan journey and feel\nstrongly that veganism and minimalism make a logical pair.\n\nReply\n\n 82. Maralee says:\n\nJuly 25, 2017 at 4:37 am\n\nI keep searching for inspiration to simplify my life. Most sites have the same\nthings on them. You number 19 and 20 are something I’ve never run across\nbefore; and they are two things I believe will help me on my journey.\n\nReply\n\n 83. Acciones diarias | Lemon Fields says:\n\nOctober 25, 2017 at 2:35 am\n\n[...] leer un artículo muy bueno sobre estas pequeñas acciones y más, los\ninvito a visitar este post de Slow Your [...]\n\nReply\n\n 84. 101 *Surprising* Homemaking Tips to Make Your Life Easier says:\n\nApril 30, 2018 at 5:55 am\n\n[...] Want to live a simpler life? These quick actions can make a huge\ndifference. Via slowyourhome.com. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 85. 30 Must-Read Articles If You’re Transitioning To Becoming a Minimalist says:\n\nFebruary 25, 2019 at 11:10 am\n\n[...] 21 Quick Actions You Can Do Today to Simplify Your Life – Brooke puts\ntogether an epic actionable post on how you can simplify your life. [...]\n\nReply\n\n 86. Maryanne says:\n\nJuly 17, 2020 at 8:07 pm\n\nThanks for sharing this post, its really helpful.\n\nReply\n\n 87. Jamie says:\n\nSeptember 15, 2020 at 1:49 am\n\nGreat idea about setting out items for breakfast. I love your blog, it’s\ngreat!\n\nTake care Jamie\n\nReply\n\n 88. Duncan Paxton says:\n\nNovember 12, 2020 at 4:05 am\n\nWe really loved your post – it’s the most definitive on the subject of\nminimalism we have found especially finding your own morning routine and\nadding some life with indoor plants. We are a team of life coaches who\nconstantly speak to our clients about this so will no doubt be referring our\nclients to your amazing resource!!\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a reply Cancel reply\n\n * I'm Brooke and I'm a firm advocate for the best things in life - naps, travel, a good book and spending as much time in nature as possible. I'm the host and creator of The Slow Home Podcast and the author of SLOW and Destination Simple, and I live in the Southern Highlands of NSW with my family and an ever-expanding veggie garden. Nice to meet you. x\n\nCopyright © 2020 Slow Your Home\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210507001742/https://www.webmd.com/a-to-z-guides/features/cut-stress-simplify-life",
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"title": "Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life",
"passages": [
"If stress is wearing you down, take some advice from those who have left their stress behind -- simplify your life.",
"I went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the essential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach, and not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I wanted to live deep and suck all the marrow of life. -- Henry David Thoreau, Walden",
"OK, it's unlikely you're going to make like Thoreau and move to the woods. Heck, you probably don't even have time for a walk in the woods. If that's the case, though, that may very well mean that it's time to simplify your life. In so doing, you may just save your health -- and your sanity (not to mention actually having time to take that walk).",
"Erin Bocherer and her husband are doing just that. \"Our New Year's resolution was to simplify our life as much as possible to reduce stress,\" says Bocherer, an advertising account supervisor.",
"Online banking. \"This limits post office drop-offs and reduces the time and money spent on stamps and licking envelopes,\" says Bocherer. \"It also enables me to schedule automatic payments each month, which saves several hours of our time because we no longer need to write out bills and balance the checkbook.\"",
"Hiring a cleaning service every three weeks. \"We still clean, but they handle the nitty-gritty, time-consuming activities that seemed to fill our weekends,\" says Bocherer.",
"Hiring a nanny. Yes, this is expensive, but it saves the Bocherers two hours a day in the car dropping off and picking up their son at daycare. \"It enables me to spend more quality time with my son (and with my daughter when she is born in May),\" says Bocherer.",
"Reducing debt. \"Debt is one of our biggest stresses that never seems to end,\" says Bocherer. By creating a strict, yet manageable budget, and focusing on paying off their debt, the Bocherers say they are creating a feeling of accomplishment.",
"The Bocherers are not alone in their efforts to cut the stress from their life. Browse your favorite newsstand or bookstore and you'll see evidence of an anti-stress movement taking hold in this country. Generally known as \"voluntary simplicity,\" or the \"simplicity movement,\" the need many of us see for a less stressful, more meaningful life is reflected in magazines, books, and web sites devoted to simplifying your life, whether that means \"de- cluttering\" your home, \"downsizing\" your career ambitions, or living off the land.",
"About 5% to 7% of adults in the U.S. are pursuing some form of voluntary simplicity, according to Gerald Celente, director of the Trends Research Institute in New York. The contemporary voluntary simplicity movement began in 1981 with the publication of Duane Elgin's book, Voluntary Simplicity: Toward a Way of Life That is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich. Since then, dozens of books, national magazines, web sites, and grassroots \"simplicity circles\" have sprung up to offer support and share ideas for those interested in scaling back.",
"Simplifying your life doesn't necessarily mean doing without. It might, but it doesn't have to. Rather, the prevailing philosophy of today's voluntary simplicity movement is not to live without possessions or to live in frugality, but to slow down and live a more balanced, deliberate, and thoughtful life. And as research increasingly shows, a healthier life as well.",
"It's no longer news that stress can take its toll on both your physical and mental health. Numerous studies have shown a link between stress and high blood pressure. In one such study, for example, scientists at the University of California at Irvine reported in 1998 in the Journal of Psychosomatic Medicine that men with highly stressful jobs had systolic and diastolic blood pressure readings that were approximately 10 points higher than those with less stressful jobs.",
"In a study published in 2000 in the journal Social Science & Medicine, researchers from Ohio State University and the University of Alabama found that people with a high ratio of credit card debt to income were in worse physical health than those with less debt.",
"And now, mental health professionals have joined the movement, focusing on how simple living can help alleviate tension-related reactions such as insomnia, nervousness, anxiety, neck and shoulder spasms, chronic fatigue and, says Roderic Gorney, MD, PhD, \"our excessive dwelling on 'things.'\"",
"\"The message that we get is that without this complexity of 'things' in our life, we are not lovable and not worthy,\" says Gorney, clinical professor of psychiatry at UCLA and author of The Human Agenda, who also serves on the board of Seeds of Simplicity, an LA-based program of Cornell University's Center for Religion, Ethics & Social Policy. The organization has recently started a campaign called \"Unstuffocate,\" to help people decide for themselves just how much is enough.",
"The mental health community's awareness of such dependencies as \"consumption addictions\" led UCLA's Neuropsychiatric Institute to recently sponsor a conference on \"Mental Health and Simple Living: Countering the Compulsion to Consume.\" The purpose of the conference, says Gorney, was to \"help the person shake off the addiction to too much, and with it the distress of excess.\"",
"Just acknowledging that you need to simplify your life, however, doesn't solve the problem, although it is a beginning. You may be so crunched for time and energy that you can't even stop to think of ways to simplify your life. Let the experts give you a few suggestions.",
"\"Many people feel stressed and overwhelmed because they are 'overconnected,'\" says Debra A. Dinnoncenzo, president of ALLearnatives, which specializes in alternative work arrangements. \"As a result of the ... never-ending ways that people can access us any time of the day or night, we feel perpetually connected to our work,\" says Dinnoncenzo, also the author of Dot Calm: The Search for Sanity in a Wired World.",
"Think about all the technology resources that we now use that weren't commonplace even a few years ago, says Dinnoncenzo. Simplifying your life doesn't mean you have to ditch the cell phone, pager, e-mail, instant messaging, voice mail, call forwarding, and on and on. But it does mean establishing clear boundaries:",
"Along with all this technology -- which includes the TV too, by the way -- comes information overload, says Daphne Stevens, PhD, a psychotherapist, life coach and author of the forthcoming book, Watercolor Bedroom: Creating a Soulful Midlife. \"Limit the amount of information you expose yourself to,\" she says. \"Being flooded with stimuli is a tremendous source of stress.\"",
"Debbie Mandel, MA, a stress management expert and author of Turn On Your Inner Light: Fitness for Body, Mind and Soul, says simplifying your life is like \"spring cleaning for the soul.\"",
"Make a list of your activities, prioritize your to-do list, and shed those activities that no longer serve a purpose in your life.",
"Simplifying your life may also mean more than just getting rid of \"stuff.\" It may mean getting rid of people too, says Daphne Stevens. \"Avoid overexposure to negative or toxic people,\" she suggests. Instead, \"nurture the relationships that support you. A quick email or card saying 'I'm thinking of you' can work wonders in keeping a friendship alive when we're too busy to do much else.\"",
"However you choose to simplify your life, remember that simplicity is not about poverty or deprivation, according to The Simple Living Network. It is about discovering what is \"enough in your life -- based upon thoughtful analysis of your lifestyle and values -- and discarding the rest.\""
]
},
"parsed_md": "Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life\n\nSkip to main content\n\n### Menu\n\n### Health A-Z Home\n\n * News\n * Reference\n * Slideshows\n * Quizzes\n * Videos\n * Questions & Answers\n * WebMDRx Savings Card\n\n### Top 12 Topics\n\n * Coronavirus (COVID-19)\n * CBD Oil\n * Keto Diet\n * Hepatitis C\n * Diabetes Warning Signs\n * Rheumatoid Arthritis\n * Morning-After Pill\n * Breast Cancer Screening\n * Psoriatic Arthritis Symptoms\n * Heart Failure\n * Multiple Myeloma\n * Types of Crohn's Disease\n\n * A to Z Guides\n * Feature Stories\n\n### Menu\n\n# Cut the Stress, Simplify Your Life\n\nIf stress is wearing you down, take some advice from those who have left their\nstress behind -- simplify your life.\n\nBy Carol Sorgen\n\nReviewed by Louise Chang, MD on August 25, 2008\n\nFrom the WebMD Archives\n\nI went to the woods because I wished to live deliberately, to front only the\nessential facts of life, and see if I could not learn what it had to teach,\nand not, when I came to die, discover that I had not lived. I wanted to live\ndeep and suck all the marrow of life. -- Henry David Thoreau, Walden\n\nOK, it's unlikely you're going to make like Thoreau and move to the woods.\nHeck, you probably don't even have time for a walk in the woods. If that's the\ncase, though, that may very well mean that it's time to simplify your life. In\nso doing, you may just save your health -- and your sanity (not to mention\nactually having time to take that walk).\n\nErin Bocherer and her husband are doing just that. \"Our New Year's resolution\nwas to simplify our life as much as possible to reduce stress,\" says Bocherer,\nan advertising account supervisor.\n\nThis is what the Bocherers have been doing:\n\n * Online banking. \"This limits post office drop-offs and reduces the time and money spent on stamps and licking envelopes,\" says Bocherer. \"It also enables me to schedule automatic payments each month, which saves several hours of our time because we no longer need to write out bills and balance the checkbook.\"\n * Hiring a cleaning service every three weeks. \"We still clean, but they handle the nitty-gritty, time-consuming activities that seemed to fill our weekends,\" says Bocherer.\n * Hiring a nanny. Yes, this is expensive, but it saves the Bocherers two hours a day in the car dropping off and picking up their son at daycare. \"It enables me to spend more quality time with my son (and with my daughter when she is born in May),\" says Bocherer.\n * Reducing debt. \"Debt is one of our biggest stresses that never seems to end,\" says Bocherer. By creating a strict, yet manageable budget, and focusing on paying off their debt, the Bocherers say they are creating a feeling of accomplishment.\n\n## Simplicity Movement Taking Hold\n\nThe Bocherers are not alone in their efforts to cut the stress from their\nlife. Browse your favorite newsstand or bookstore and you'll see evidence of\nan anti-stress movement taking hold in this country. Generally known as\n\"voluntary simplicity,\" or the \"simplicity movement,\" the need many of us see\nfor a less stressful, more meaningful life is reflected in magazines, books,\nand web sites devoted to simplifying your life, whether that means \"de-\ncluttering\" your home, \"downsizing\" your career ambitions, or living off the\nland.\n\n#### Continued\n\nAbout 5% to 7% of adults in the U.S. are pursuing some form of voluntary\nsimplicity, according to Gerald Celente, director of the Trends Research\nInstitute in New York. The contemporary voluntary simplicity movement began in\n1981 with the publication of Duane Elgin's book, Voluntary Simplicity: Toward\na Way of Life That is Outwardly Simple, Inwardly Rich. Since then, dozens of\nbooks, national magazines, web sites, and grassroots \"simplicity circles\" have\nsprung up to offer support and share ideas for those interested in scaling\nback.\n\n#### Continued\n\nSimplifying your life doesn't necessarily mean doing without. It might, but it\ndoesn't have to. Rather, the prevailing philosophy of today's voluntary\nsimplicity movement is not to live without possessions or to live in\nfrugality, but to slow down and live a more balanced, deliberate, and\nthoughtful life. And as research increasingly shows, a healthier life as well.\n\nIt's no longer news that stress can take its toll on both your physical and\nmental health. Numerous studies have shown a link between stress and high\nblood pressure. In one such study, for example, scientists at the University\nof California at Irvine reported in 1998 in the Journal of Psychosomatic\nMedicine that men with highly stressful jobs had systolic and diastolic blood\npressure readings that were approximately 10 points higher than those with\nless stressful jobs.\n\nIn a study published in 2000 in the journal Social Science & Medicine,\nresearchers from Ohio State University and the University of Alabama found\nthat people with a high ratio of credit card debt to income were in worse\nphysical health than those with less debt.\n\n## Too Much 'Stuff' Takes Its Toll\n\nAnd now, mental health professionals have joined the movement, focusing on how\nsimple living can help alleviate tension-related reactions such as insomnia,\nnervousness, anxiety, neck and shoulder spasms, chronic fatigue and, says\nRoderic Gorney, MD, PhD, \"our excessive dwelling on 'things.'\"\n\n\"The message that we get is that without this complexity of 'things' in our\nlife, we are not lovable and not worthy,\" says Gorney, clinical professor of\npsychiatry at UCLA and author of The Human Agenda, who also serves on the\nboard of Seeds of Simplicity, an LA-based program of Cornell University's\nCenter for Religion, Ethics & Social Policy. The organization has recently\nstarted a campaign called \"Unstuffocate,\" to help people decide for themselves\njust how much is enough.\n\n#### Continued\n\nThe mental health community's awareness of such dependencies as \"consumption\naddictions\" led UCLA's Neuropsychiatric Institute to recently sponsor a\nconference on \"Mental Health and Simple Living: Countering the Compulsion to\nConsume.\" The purpose of the conference, says Gorney, was to \"help the person\nshake off the addiction to too much, and with it the distress of excess.\"\n\nJust acknowledging that you need to simplify your life, however, doesn't solve\nthe problem, although it is a beginning. You may be so crunched for time and\nenergy that you can't even stop to think of ways to simplify your life. Let\nthe experts give you a few suggestions.\n\n## It's Time to Disconnect\n\n\"Many people feel stressed and overwhelmed because they are 'overconnected,'\"\nsays Debra A. Dinnoncenzo, president of ALLearnatives, which specializes in\nalternative work arrangements. \"As a result of the ... never-ending ways that\npeople can access us any time of the day or night, we feel perpetually\nconnected to our work,\" says Dinnoncenzo, also the author of Dot Calm: The\nSearch for Sanity in a Wired World.\n\nThink about all the technology resources that we now use that weren't\ncommonplace even a few years ago, says Dinnoncenzo. Simplifying your life\ndoesn't mean you have to ditch the cell phone, pager, e-mail, instant\nmessaging, voice mail, call forwarding, and on and on. But it does mean\nestablishing clear boundaries:\n\n * Turn off your cell phone when you shouldn't be (or don't want to be) interrupted.\n * Don't take a cell phone to an appointment or when you are focusing on someone else.\n * Don't give out your cell phone number. Use it only for outgoing calls.\n * Screen calls by using caller ID.\n * Use the \"delete\" option -- early and often.\n * Arrange for calls from the office only in cases of emergency.\n * Maintain your commitment to work-free vacations.\n * Let voice mail or the answering machine take your calls.\n * On your voice mail greeting, be clear about when you will and will not be available.\n\nAlong with all this technology -- which includes the TV too, by the way --\ncomes information overload, says Daphne Stevens, PhD, a psychotherapist, life\ncoach and author of the forthcoming book, Watercolor Bedroom: Creating a\nSoulful Midlife. \"Limit the amount of information you expose yourself to,\" she\nsays. \"Being flooded with stimuli is a tremendous source of stress.\"\n\n#### Continued\n\nDebbie Mandel, MA, a stress management expert and author of Turn On Your Inner\nLight: Fitness for Body, Mind and Soul, says simplifying your life is like\n\"spring cleaning for the soul.\"\n\n\"Stress is omnipresent,\" says Mandel. \"The trick is to learn to decompress.\"\nMandel's suggestions for simplifying your life include:\n\n * Make a list of your activities, prioritize your to-do list, and shed those activities that no longer serve a purpose in your life.\n * Delegate chores at home and at the office. Don't try to do it all. Ask for help.\n * Let go of the myth of perfection.\n\nSimplifying your life may also mean more than just getting rid of \"stuff.\" It\nmay mean getting rid of people too, says Daphne Stevens. \"Avoid overexposure\nto negative or toxic people,\" she suggests. Instead, \"nurture the\nrelationships that support you. A quick email or card saying 'I'm thinking of\nyou' can work wonders in keeping a friendship alive when we're too busy to do\nmuch else.\"\n\nHowever you choose to simplify your life, remember that simplicity is not\nabout poverty or deprivation, according to The Simple Living Network. It is\nabout discovering what is \"enough in your life -- based upon thoughtful\nanalysis of your lifestyle and values -- and discarding the rest.\"\n\nWebMD Feature\n\n#### Sources\n\nSOURCES: Erin Bocherer, account supervisor, SBC Advertising. Debra A.\nDinnoncenzo, president, ALLearnatives. Debbie Mandel. Daphne Stevens, PhD,\nTrends Research Institute. The Simple Living Network. Roderic Gorney, MD, PhD,\nclinical professor of psychiatry, UCLA.\n\n© 2006 WebMD, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\nPagination\n\n### Top Picks\n\n * Manage Your Migraine\n * What to Eat Before Your Workout\n * Treating RA With Biologics\n * Best Treatments for Allergies\n * MS and Depression: How Are They Linked?\n * Your Guide to Understanding Medicare\n\n### further reading\n\n * 10 Ways to Stop Stress Now\n * 10 Ways to De-Stress and Revitalize\n * How Well Do You Handle Your Stress?\n * Coping with Workplace Stress\n * Workplace Stress and Your Health\n * Anxiety at Work: A Career-Busting Condition\n * Workplace Stress Topics\n\n### Today on WebMD\n\n#### Risky Mistakes Pet Owners Make\n\nSome of these might surprise you.\n\n#### Depressed, Guilty Feelings After Eating?\n\nSymptoms of binge eating disorder.\n\n#### Psoriasis Home Remedies\n\n14 tips to ditch the itch.\n\n#### Quit Smoking\n\nGet your personalized plan.\n\n### Recommended for You\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Multiple Sclerosis Symptoms\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 10 Secrets to a Sparkling Smile\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 7 Ways You're Wrecking Your Liver\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Symptoms of ADHD in Children\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Type 2 Diabetes: Early Warning Signs\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### What Is Schizophrenia?\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### Fungal Infections: What You Should Know\n\nSlideshow\n\n#### 11 Surprising Superfoods for Your Bones\n\n### Tools & Resources\n\n * Foods That Help Enhance Your Brainpower\n * Breast Cancer Signs & Symptoms\n * Constipated? Avoid These Foods\n * Lung Cancer Risks: Myths and Facts\n * Causes of Erectile Dysfunction\n * Tips for Living Better With Migraine\n\n### Health Solutions\n\n * Discover Immunotherapy\n * Could I have CAD?\n * Treat Bent Fingers\n * Treat HR+, HER2- MBC\n * Tired of Dandruff?\n * Life with Cancer\n * Rethink MS Treatment\n * AFib-Related Strokes\n * Risk of a Future DVT/PE\n * Is My Penis Normal?\n * Relapsing MS Options\n * Give the Gift of Life\n * Finance Plastic Surgery\n * Bent Finger Causes\n * Living With Psoriasis?\n * Missing Teeth?\n\n### More from WebMD\n\n * 5 Tips to Help With Relapsing MS\n * How to Thrive With Narcolepsy\n * Relief for Blocked Hair Follicles\n * Psoriatic Arthritis and Your Sleep\n * What Psoriasis Feels Like\n * First Psoriatic Arthritis Flare\n * Talking to Your Doctor About RA\n * Crohn's: A 'Full-Body' Disease\n * Avoiding Crohn’s Flares\n * Living With Ankylosing Spondylitis\n * Live Better With Psoriatic Disease\n * Types of B-Cell Therapy for MS\n * Living Better With T2 Diabetes\n * Why Prostate Cancer Spreads\n * Living with Advanced Breast Cancer\n * Where Breast Cancer Spreads\n\n© 2005 - 2021 WebMD LLC. All rights reserved.\n\nWebMD does not provide medical advice, diagnosis or treatment.\n\nSee additional information.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210831125731/https://zenhabits.net/simple-living-manifesto-72-ideas-to-simplify-your-life/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life",
"passages": [
"A simple life has a different meaning and a different value for every person. For me, it means eliminating all but the essential, eschewing chaos for peace, and spending your time doing what’s important to you.",
"It means getting rid of many of the things you do so you can spend time with people you love and do the things you love. It means getting rid of the clutter so you are left with only that which gives you value.",
"However, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process. It’s a journey, not a destination, and it can often be a journey of two steps forward, and one backward.",
"The Short List For the cynics who say that the list below is too long, there are really only two steps to simplifying:",
"Of course, that’s not terribly useful unless you can see how to apply that to different areas of your life, so I present to you the Long List.",
"The Long List There can be no step-by-step guide to simplifying your life, but I’ve compiled an incomplete list of ideas that should help anyone trying to find the simple life. Not every tip will work for you — choose the ones that appeal and apply to your life.",
"One important note: this list will be criticized for being too complicated, especially as it provides a bunch of links. Don’t stress out about all of that. Just choose one at a time, and focus on that. When you’re done with that, focus on the next thing.",
"Make a list of your top 4-5 important things. What’s most important to you? What do you value most? What 4-5 things do you most want to do in your life? Simplifying starts with these priorities, as you are trying to make room in your life so you have more time for these things.",
"Evaluate your commitments. Look at everything you’ve got going on in your life. Everything, from work to home to civic to kids’ activities to hobbies to side businesses to other projects. Think about which of these really gives you value, which ones you love doing. Which of these are in line with the 4-5 most important things you listed above? Drop those that aren’t in line with those things. Article here.",
"Evaluate your time. How do you spend your day? What things do you do, from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, eliminate the things that aren’t, and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.",
"Simplify work tasks. Our work day is made up of an endless list of work tasks. If you simply try to knock off all the tasks on your to-do list, you’ll never get everything done, and worse yet, you’ll never get the important stuff done. Focus on the essential tasks and eliminate the rest. Read more.",
"Simplify home tasks. In that vein, think about all the stuff you do at home. Sometimes our home task list is just as long as our work list. And we’ll never get that done either. So focus on the most important, and try to find ways to eliminate the other tasks (automate, eliminate, delegate, or hire help).",
"Learn to say no. This is actually one of the key habits for those trying to simplify their lives. If you can’t say no, you will take on too much. Article here.",
"Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, IM, cell phones, paper mail, Skype, Twitter, forums, and more. It can take up your whole day if you let it. Instead, put a limit on your communications: only do email at certain times of the day, for a certain number of minutes (I recommend twice a day, but do what works for you). Only do IM once a day, for a limited amount of time. Limit phone calls to certain times too. Same with any other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.",
"Limit your media consumption. This tip won’t be for everyone, so if media consumption is important to you, please skip it (as with any of the other tips). However, I believe that the media in our lives — TV, radio, Internet, magazines, etc. — can come to dominate our lives. Don’t let it. Simplify your life and your information consumption by limiting it. Try a media fast.",
"Purge your stuff. If you can devote a weekend to purging the stuff you don’t want, it feels seriously terrific. Get boxes and trash bags for the stuff you want to donate or toss. Here’s my guide on decluttering. Here’s a post on starting small. More on purging below.",
"Get rid of the big items. There’s tons of little clutter in our lives, but if you start with the big items, you’ll simplify your life quickly and in a big way. Read more.",
"Edit your rooms. One room at a time, go around the room and eliminate the unnecessary. Act as a newspaper editor, trying to leave only the minimum, and deleting everything else. Article here.",
"Edit closets and drawers. Once you’ve gone through the main parts of your rooms, tackle the closets and drawers, one drawer or shelf at a time. More here.",
"Simplify your wardrobe. Is your closet bursting full? Are your drawers so stuffed they can’t close (I’m talking about dresser drawers here, not underwear). Simplify your wardrobe by getting rid of anything you don’t actually wear. Try creating a minimal wardrobe by focusing on simple styles and a few solid colors that all match each other. Read more.",
"Simplify your computing life. If you have trouble with too many files and too much disorganization, consider online computing. It can simplify things greatly. Read more.",
"Declutter your digital packrattery. If you are a digital packrat, and cannot seem to control your digital clutter, there is still hope for you. Read this guide to curing yourself of this clutter.",
"Limit your buying habits. If you are a slave to materialism and consumerism, there are ways to escape it. I was there, and although I haven’t escaped these things entirely, I feel much freer of it all. If you can escape materialism, you can get into the habit of buying less. And that will mean less stuff, less spending, less freneticism. Read more.",
"Free up time. Find ways to free up time for the important stuff. That means eliminating the stuff you don’t like, cutting back on time wasters, and making room for what you want to do.",
"Do what you love. Once you’ve freed up some time, be sure to spend that extra time doing things you love. Go back to your list of 4-5 important things. Do those, and nothing else. Read more.",
"Spend time with people you love. Again, the list of 4-5 important things probably contains some of the people you love (if not, you may want to re-evaluate). Whether those people are a spouse, a partner, children, parents, other family, best friends, or whoever, find time to do things with them, talk to them, be intimate with them (not necessarily in sexual ways).",
"Spend time alone. See this list of ways to free up time for yourself — to spend in solitude. Alone time is good for you, although some people aren’t comfortable with it. It could take practice getting used to the quiet, and making room for your inner voice. It sounds new-agey, I know, but it’s extremely calming. And this quiet is necessary for finding out what’s important to you.",
"Eat slowly. If you cram your food down your throat, you are not only missing out on the great taste of the food, you are not eating healthy. Slow down to lose weight, improve digestion, and enjoy life more. Read more.",
"Drive slowly. Most people rush through traffic, honking and getting angry and frustrated and stressed out. And endangering themselves and others in the meantime. Driving slower is not only safer, but it is better on your fuel bill, and can be incredibly peaceful. Give it a try. Read more.",
"Be present. These two words can make a huge difference in simplifying your life. Living here and now, in the moment, keeps you aware of life, of what is going on around you and within you. It does wonders for your sanity. Read tips on how to do it.",
"Streamline your life. Many times we live with unplanned, complex systems in our lives because we haven’t given them much thought. Instead, focus on one system at a time (your laundry system, your errands system, your paperwork system, your email system, etc.) and try to make it simplified, efficient, and written. Then stick to it. Here’s more. Another good article here.",
"Create a simple mail & paperwork system. If you don’t have a system, this stuff will pile up. But a simple system will keep everything in order. Here’s how.",
"Create a simple system for house work. Another example of a simple system is clean-as-you-go with a burst. Read more.",
"Clear your desk. If you have a cluttered desk, it can be distracting and disorganized and stressful. A clear desk, however, is only a couple of simple habits away. Read more.",
"Establish routines. The key to keeping your life simple is to create simple routines — a morning routine, a bill-paying routine, an evening routine.",
"Keep your email inbox empty. Is your email inbox overflowing with new and read messages? Do the messages just keep piling up? If so, you’re normal — but you could be more efficient and your email life could be simplified with a few simple steps. Read more.",
"Learn to live frugally. Living frugally means buying less, wanting less, and leaving less of a footprint on the earth. It’s directly related to simplicity. Here are 50 tips on how to live frugally.",
"Make your house minimalist. A minimalist house has what is necessary, and not much else. It’s also extremely peaceful (not to mention easy to clean). More here.",
"Find other ways to be minimalist. There are tons. You can find ways to be minimalist in every area of your life. Here are a few I do, to spur your own ideas.",
"Consider a smaller home. If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life. Read about downsizing your home here.",
"Consider a smaller car. This is a big move, but if you have a large car or SUV, you may not really need something that big. It’s more expensive, uses more gas, harder to maintain, harder to park. Simplify your life with less car. You don’t need to go tiny, especially if you have a family, but try to find as small a car as can fit you or your family comfortably. Maybe not something you’re going to do today, but something to think about over the long term.",
"Learn what “enough” is. Our materialistic society today is about getting more and more, with no end in sight. Sure, you can get the latest gadget, and more clothes and shoes. More stuff. But when will you have enough? Most people don’t know, and thus they keep buying more. It’s a neverending cycle. Get off the cycle by figuring out how much is enough. And then stop when you get there.",
"Create a simple weekly dinner menu. If figuring out what’s for dinner is a nightly stressor for you or your family, consider creating a weekly menu. Decide on a week’s worth of simple dinners, set a specific dinner for each night of the week, go grocery shopping for the ingredients. Now you know what’s for dinner each night, and you have all the ingredients necessary. No need for difficult recipes — find ones that can be done in 10-15 minutes (or less).",
"Eat healthy. It might not be obvious how eating healthy relates to simplicity, but think about the opposite: if you eat fatty, greasy, salty, sugary, fried foods all the time, you are sure to have higher medical needs over the long term. We could be talking years from now, but imagine frequent doctor visits, hospitalization, going to the pharmacist, getting therapy, having surgery, taking insulin shots ... you get the idea. Being unhealthy is complicated. Eating healthy simplifies all of that greatly, over the long term. Read about how to simplify your eating habits.",
"Exercise. This goes along the same lines as eating healthy, as it simplifies your life in the long run, but it goes even further: exercise helps burn off stress and makes you feel better. It’s great. Here’s how to create the exercise habit.",
"Declutter before organizing. Many people make the mistake of taking a cluttered desk or filing cabinet or closet or drawer, and trying to organize it. Unfortunately, that’s not only hard to do, it keeps things complicated. Simplify the process by getting rid of as much of the junk as possible, and then organizing. If you declutter enough, you won’t need to organize at all.",
"Have a place for everything. Age-old advice, but it’s the best advice on keeping things organized. After you declutter. Read more here.",
"Find inner simplicity. I’m not much of a spiritual person, but I have found that spending a little time with my inner self creates a peaceful simplicity rather than a chaotic confusion. This could be time praying or communing with God, or time spent meditating or journaling or getting to know yourself, or time spent in nature. However you do it, working on your inner self is worth the time.",
"Learn to decompress from stress. Every life is filled with stress — no matter how much you simplify your life, you’ll still have stress (except in the case of the ultimate simplifier, death). So after you go through stress, find ways to decompress. Here are some ideas.",
"Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids. Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicating, needing not only car payments, but insurance, registration, safety inspections, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.",
"Find a creative outlet for self-expression. Whether that’s writing, poetry, painting, drawing, creating movies, designing websites, dance, skateboarding, whatever. We have a need for self-expression, and finding a way to do that makes your life much more fulfilling. Allow this to replace much of the busy-work you’re eliminating from your life.",
"Simplify your goals. Instead of having half a dozen goals or more, simplify it to one goal. Not only will this make you less stressed, it will make you more successful. You’ll be able to focus on that One Goal, and give it all of your energy. That gives you much better chances for success.",
"Simplify your filing system. Stacking a bunch of papers just doesn’t work. But a filing system doesn’t have to be complicated to be useful. Create a simple system.",
"Develop equanimity. If every little thing that happens to you sends you into anger or stress, your life might never be simple. Learn to detach yourself, and be more at peace. Read more.",
"Reduce your consumption of advertising. Advertising makes us want things. That’s what it’s designed to do, and it works. Find ways to reduce your exposure of advertising, whether that’s in print, online, broadcast, or elsewhere. You’ll want much less.",
"Live life more deliberately. Do every task slowly, with ease, paying full attention to what you’re doing. For more, see Peaceful Simplicity: How to Live a Life of Contentment.",
"Make a Most Important Tasks (MITs) list each day. Set just 3 very important things you want to accomplish each day. Don’t start with a long list of things you probably won’t get done by the end of the day. A simple list of 3 things, ones that would make you feel like you accomplished something. See this article for more.",
"Create morning and evening routines. A great way to simplify your life is to create routines at the start and end of your day. Read more on morning routines and evening routines.",
"Create a morning writing ritual. If you enjoy writing, like I do, make it a peaceful, productive ritual. Article here.",
"Learn to do nothing. Doing nothing can be an art form, and it should be a part of every life. Read the Art of Doing Nothing.",
"Go for quality, not quantity. Try not to have a ton of stuff in your life ... instead, have just a few possessions, but ones that you really love, and that will last for a long time.",
"Read Simplify Your Life, by Elaine St. James. One of my favorite all-time authors on simplicity. Read my review here.",
"Fill your day with simple pleasures. Make a list of your favorite simple pleasures, and sprinkle them throughout your day. List here.",
"Simplify your RSS feeds. If you’ve got dozens of feeds, or more than a hundred (as I once did), you probably have a lot of stress in trying to keep up with them all. Simplify your feed reading. See How to Drop an RSS Feed Like a Bad Habit.",
"But subscribe to Unclutterer. Probably the best blog on simplifying your stuff and routines (along with Zen Habits, of course!).",
"Simplify your online life. If you have too much going on online, here are a few ways to simplify it all. Article here.",
"Strive to automate your income. This isn’t the easiest task, but it can (and has) been done. I’ve been working towards it myself. Article here.",
"Simplify your budget. Many people skip budgeting (which is very important) because it’s too hard or too complicated. Read more here.",
"Learn to pack light. Who wants to lug a bunch of luggage around on a trip? Here’s an article on using just one carry-on.",
"Leave space around things in your day. Whether they’re appointments, or things you need to do, don’t stack them back-to-back. Leave a little space between things you need to do, so you will have room for contingencies, and you’ll go through your day much more relaxed.",
"Live closer to work. This might mean getting a job closer to your home, or moving to a home closer to your work. Either will do much to simplify your life."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life - zen habits zen\nhabits\n\n# zen habits\n\n# breathe\n\n## Simple Living Manifesto: 72 Ideas to Simplify Your Life\n\n> “Simplicity is the peak of civilization.” – Jessie Sampter\n\n###### By Leo Babauta\n\nA simple life has a different meaning and a different value for every person.\nFor me, it means eliminating all but the essential, eschewing chaos for peace,\nand spending your time doing what’s important to you.\n\nIt means getting rid of many of the things you do so you can spend time with\npeople you love and do the things you love. It means getting rid of the\nclutter so you are left with only that which gives you value.\n\nHowever, getting to simplicity isn’t always a simple process. It’s a journey,\nnot a destination, and it can often be a journey of two steps forward, and one\nbackward.\n\nIf you’re interested in simplifying your life, this is a great starter’s guide\n(if you’re not interested, move on).\n\nThe Short List For the cynics who say that the list below is too long, there\nare really only two steps to simplifying:\n\n 1. Identify what’s most important to you.\n 2. Eliminate everything else.\n\nOf course, that’s not terribly useful unless you can see how to apply that to\ndifferent areas of your life, so I present to you the Long List.\n\nThe Long List There can be no step-by-step guide to simplifying your life, but\nI’ve compiled an incomplete list of ideas that should help anyone trying to\nfind the simple life. Not every tip will work for you — choose the ones that\nappeal and apply to your life.\n\nOne important note: this list will be criticized for being too complicated,\nespecially as it provides a bunch of links. Don’t stress out about all of\nthat. Just choose one at a time, and focus on that. When you’re done with\nthat, focus on the next thing.\n\n 1. Make a list of your top 4-5 important things. What’s most important to you? What do you value most? What 4-5 things do you most want to do in your life? Simplifying starts with these priorities, as you are trying to make room in your life so you have more time for these things.\n 2. Evaluate your commitments. Look at everything you’ve got going on in your life. Everything, from work to home to civic to kids’ activities to hobbies to side businesses to other projects. Think about which of these really gives you value, which ones you love doing. Which of these are in line with the 4-5 most important things you listed above? Drop those that aren’t in line with those things. Article here.\n 3. Evaluate your time. How do you spend your day? What things do you do, from the time you wake up to the time you go to sleep? Make a list, and evaluate whether they’re in line with your priorities. If not, eliminate the things that aren’t, and focus on what’s important. Redesign your day.\n 4. Simplify work tasks. Our work day is made up of an endless list of work tasks. If you simply try to knock off all the tasks on your to-do list, you’ll never get everything done, and worse yet, you’ll never get the important stuff done. Focus on the essential tasks and eliminate the rest. Read more.\n 5. Simplify home tasks. In that vein, think about all the stuff you do at home. Sometimes our home task list is just as long as our work list. And we’ll never get that done either. So focus on the most important, and try to find ways to eliminate the other tasks (automate, eliminate, delegate, or hire help).\n 6. Learn to say no. This is actually one of the key habits for those trying to simplify their lives. If you can’t say no, you will take on too much. Article here.\n 7. Limit your communications. Our lives these days are filled with a vast flow of communications: email, IM, cell phones, paper mail, Skype, Twitter, forums, and more. It can take up your whole day if you let it. Instead, put a limit on your communications: only do email at certain times of the day, for a certain number of minutes (I recommend twice a day, but do what works for you). Only do IM once a day, for a limited amount of time. Limit phone calls to certain times too. Same with any other communications. Set a schedule and stick to it.\n 8. Limit your media consumption. This tip won’t be for everyone, so if media consumption is important to you, please skip it (as with any of the other tips). However, I believe that the media in our lives — TV, radio, Internet, magazines, etc. — can come to dominate our lives. Don’t let it. Simplify your life and your information consumption by limiting it. Try a media fast.\n 9. Purge your stuff. If you can devote a weekend to purging the stuff you don’t want, it feels seriously terrific. Get boxes and trash bags for the stuff you want to donate or toss. Here’s my guide on decluttering. Here’s a post on starting small. More on purging below.\n 10. Get rid of the big items. There’s tons of little clutter in our lives, but if you start with the big items, you’ll simplify your life quickly and in a big way. Read more.\n 11. Edit your rooms. One room at a time, go around the room and eliminate the unnecessary. Act as a newspaper editor, trying to leave only the minimum, and deleting everything else. Article here.\n 12. Edit closets and drawers. Once you’ve gone through the main parts of your rooms, tackle the closets and drawers, one drawer or shelf at a time. More here.\n 13. Simplify your wardrobe. Is your closet bursting full? Are your drawers so stuffed they can’t close (I’m talking about dresser drawers here, not underwear). Simplify your wardrobe by getting rid of anything you don’t actually wear. Try creating a minimal wardrobe by focusing on simple styles and a few solid colors that all match each other. Read more.\n 14. Simplify your computing life. If you have trouble with too many files and too much disorganization, consider online computing. It can simplify things greatly. Read more.\n 15. Declutter your digital packrattery. If you are a digital packrat, and cannot seem to control your digital clutter, there is still hope for you. Read this guide to curing yourself of this clutter.\n 16. Create a simplicity statement. What do you want your simple life to look like? Write it out. More here.\n 17. Limit your buying habits. If you are a slave to materialism and consumerism, there are ways to escape it. I was there, and although I haven’t escaped these things entirely, I feel much freer of it all. If you can escape materialism, you can get into the habit of buying less. And that will mean less stuff, less spending, less freneticism. Read more.\n 18. Free up time. Find ways to free up time for the important stuff. That means eliminating the stuff you don’t like, cutting back on time wasters, and making room for what you want to do.\n 19. Do what you love. Once you’ve freed up some time, be sure to spend that extra time doing things you love. Go back to your list of 4-5 important things. Do those, and nothing else. Read more.\n 20. Spend time with people you love. Again, the list of 4-5 important things probably contains some of the people you love (if not, you may want to re-evaluate). Whether those people are a spouse, a partner, children, parents, other family, best friends, or whoever, find time to do things with them, talk to them, be intimate with them (not necessarily in sexual ways).\n 21. Spend time alone. See this list of ways to free up time for yourself — to spend in solitude. Alone time is good for you, although some people aren’t comfortable with it. It could take practice getting used to the quiet, and making room for your inner voice. It sounds new-agey, I know, but it’s extremely calming. And this quiet is necessary for finding out what’s important to you.\n 22. Eat slowly. If you cram your food down your throat, you are not only missing out on the great taste of the food, you are not eating healthy. Slow down to lose weight, improve digestion, and enjoy life more. Read more.\n 23. Drive slowly. Most people rush through traffic, honking and getting angry and frustrated and stressed out. And endangering themselves and others in the meantime. Driving slower is not only safer, but it is better on your fuel bill, and can be incredibly peaceful. Give it a try. Read more.\n 24. Be present. These two words can make a huge difference in simplifying your life. Living here and now, in the moment, keeps you aware of life, of what is going on around you and within you. It does wonders for your sanity. Read tips on how to do it.\n 25. Streamline your life. Many times we live with unplanned, complex systems in our lives because we haven’t given them much thought. Instead, focus on one system at a time (your laundry system, your errands system, your paperwork system, your email system, etc.) and try to make it simplified, efficient, and written. Then stick to it. Here’s more. Another good article here.\n 26. Create a simple mail & paperwork system. If you don’t have a system, this stuff will pile up. But a simple system will keep everything in order. Here’s how.\n 27. Create a simple system for house work. Another example of a simple system is clean-as-you-go with a burst. Read more.\n 28. Clear your desk. If you have a cluttered desk, it can be distracting and disorganized and stressful. A clear desk, however, is only a couple of simple habits away. Read more.\n 29. Establish routines. The key to keeping your life simple is to create simple routines — a morning routine, a bill-paying routine, an evening routine.\n 30. Keep your email inbox empty. Is your email inbox overflowing with new and read messages? Do the messages just keep piling up? If so, you’re normal — but you could be more efficient and your email life could be simplified with a few simple steps. Read more.\n 31. Learn to live frugally. Living frugally means buying less, wanting less, and leaving less of a footprint on the earth. It’s directly related to simplicity. Here are 50 tips on how to live frugally.\n 32. Make your house minimalist. A minimalist house has what is necessary, and not much else. It’s also extremely peaceful (not to mention easy to clean). More here.\n 33. Find other ways to be minimalist. There are tons. You can find ways to be minimalist in every area of your life. Here are a few I do, to spur your own ideas.\n 34. Consider a smaller home. If you rid your home of stuff, you might find you don’t need so much space. I’m not saying you should live on a boat (although I know some people who happily do so), but if you can be comfortable in a smaller home, it will not only be less expensive, but easier to maintain, and greatly simplify your life. Read about downsizing your home here.\n 35. Consider a smaller car. This is a big move, but if you have a large car or SUV, you may not really need something that big. It’s more expensive, uses more gas, harder to maintain, harder to park. Simplify your life with less car. You don’t need to go tiny, especially if you have a family, but try to find as small a car as can fit you or your family comfortably. Maybe not something you’re going to do today, but something to think about over the long term.\n 36. Learn what “enough” is. Our materialistic society today is about getting more and more, with no end in sight. Sure, you can get the latest gadget, and more clothes and shoes. More stuff. But when will you have enough? Most people don’t know, and thus they keep buying more. It’s a neverending cycle. Get off the cycle by figuring out how much is enough. And then stop when you get there.\n 37. Create a simple weekly dinner menu. If figuring out what’s for dinner is a nightly stressor for you or your family, consider creating a weekly menu. Decide on a week’s worth of simple dinners, set a specific dinner for each night of the week, go grocery shopping for the ingredients. Now you know what’s for dinner each night, and you have all the ingredients necessary. No need for difficult recipes — find ones that can be done in 10-15 minutes (or less).\n 38. Eat healthy. It might not be obvious how eating healthy relates to simplicity, but think about the opposite: if you eat fatty, greasy, salty, sugary, fried foods all the time, you are sure to have higher medical needs over the long term. We could be talking years from now, but imagine frequent doctor visits, hospitalization, going to the pharmacist, getting therapy, having surgery, taking insulin shots ... you get the idea. Being unhealthy is complicated. Eating healthy simplifies all of that greatly, over the long term. Read about how to simplify your eating habits.\n 39. Exercise. This goes along the same lines as eating healthy, as it simplifies your life in the long run, but it goes even further: exercise helps burn off stress and makes you feel better. It’s great. Here’s how to create the exercise habit.\n 40. Declutter before organizing. Many people make the mistake of taking a cluttered desk or filing cabinet or closet or drawer, and trying to organize it. Unfortunately, that’s not only hard to do, it keeps things complicated. Simplify the process by getting rid of as much of the junk as possible, and then organizing. If you declutter enough, you won’t need to organize at all.\n 41. Have a place for everything. Age-old advice, but it’s the best advice on keeping things organized. After you declutter. Read more here.\n 42. Find inner simplicity. I’m not much of a spiritual person, but I have found that spending a little time with my inner self creates a peaceful simplicity rather than a chaotic confusion. This could be time praying or communing with God, or time spent meditating or journaling or getting to know yourself, or time spent in nature. However you do it, working on your inner self is worth the time.\n 43. Learn to decompress from stress. Every life is filled with stress — no matter how much you simplify your life, you’ll still have stress (except in the case of the ultimate simplifier, death). So after you go through stress, find ways to decompress. Here are some ideas.\n 44. Try living without a car. OK, this isn’t something I’ve done, but many others have. It’s something I would do if I didn’t have kids. Walk, bike, or take public transportation. It reduces expenses and gives you time to think. A car is also very complicating, needing not only car payments, but insurance, registration, safety inspections, maintenance, repairs, gas and more.\n 45. Find a creative outlet for self-expression. Whether that’s writing, poetry, painting, drawing, creating movies, designing websites, dance, skateboarding, whatever. We have a need for self-expression, and finding a way to do that makes your life much more fulfilling. Allow this to replace much of the busy-work you’re eliminating from your life.\n 46. Simplify your goals. Instead of having half a dozen goals or more, simplify it to one goal. Not only will this make you less stressed, it will make you more successful. You’ll be able to focus on that One Goal, and give it all of your energy. That gives you much better chances for success.\n 47. Single-task. Multi-tasking is more complicated, more stressful, and generally less productive. Instead, do one task at a time.\n 48. Simplify your filing system. Stacking a bunch of papers just doesn’t work. But a filing system doesn’t have to be complicated to be useful. Create a simple system.\n 49. Develop equanimity. If every little thing that happens to you sends you into anger or stress, your life might never be simple. Learn to detach yourself, and be more at peace. Read more.\n 50. Reduce your consumption of advertising. Advertising makes us want things. That’s what it’s designed to do, and it works. Find ways to reduce your exposure of advertising, whether that’s in print, online, broadcast, or elsewhere. You’ll want much less.\n 51. Live life more deliberately. Do every task slowly, with ease, paying full attention to what you’re doing. For more, see Peaceful Simplicity: How to Live a Life of Contentment.\n 52. Make a Most Important Tasks (MITs) list each day. Set just 3 very important things you want to accomplish each day. Don’t start with a long list of things you probably won’t get done by the end of the day. A simple list of 3 things, ones that would make you feel like you accomplished something. See this article for more.\n 53. Create morning and evening routines. A great way to simplify your life is to create routines at the start and end of your day. Read more on morning routines and evening routines.\n 54. Create a morning writing ritual. If you enjoy writing, like I do, make it a peaceful, productive ritual. Article here.\n 55. Learn to do nothing. Doing nothing can be an art form, and it should be a part of every life. Read the Art of Doing Nothing.\n 56. Read Walden, by Thoreau. The quintessential text on simplifying. Available on Wikisources for free.\n 57. Go for quality, not quantity. Try not to have a ton of stuff in your life ... instead, have just a few possessions, but ones that you really love, and that will last for a long time.\n 58. Read Simplify Your Life, by Elaine St. James. One of my favorite all-time authors on simplicity. Read my review here.\n 59. Fill your day with simple pleasures. Make a list of your favorite simple pleasures, and sprinkle them throughout your day. List here.\n 60. Simplify your RSS feeds. If you’ve got dozens of feeds, or more than a hundred (as I once did), you probably have a lot of stress in trying to keep up with them all. Simplify your feed reading. See How to Drop an RSS Feed Like a Bad Habit.\n 61. But subscribe to Unclutterer. Probably the best blog on simplifying your stuff and routines (along with Zen Habits, of course!).\n 62. Create an easy-to-maintain yard. If you spend too much time on your yard, here are some good tips.\n 63. Carry less stuff. Are your pockets bulging. Consider carrying only the essentials. Some thoughts on that here.\n 64. Simplify your online life. If you have too much going on online, here are a few ways to simplify it all. Article here.\n 65. Strive to automate your income. This isn’t the easiest task, but it can (and has) been done. I’ve been working towards it myself. Article here.\n 66. Simplify your budget. Many people skip budgeting (which is very important) because it’s too hard or too complicated. Read more here.\n 67. Simplify your financial life. Article from a financial planning expert here.\n 68. Learn to pack light. Who wants to lug a bunch of luggage around on a trip? Here’s an article on using just one carry-on.\n 69. Use a minimalist productivity system. The minimal Zen To Done is all you need. Everything else is icing.\n 70. Leave space around things in your day. Whether they’re appointments, or things you need to do, don’t stack them back-to-back. Leave a little space between things you need to do, so you will have room for contingencies, and you’ll go through your day much more relaxed.\n 71. Live closer to work. This might mean getting a job closer to your home, or moving to a home closer to your work. Either will do much to simplify your life.\n 72. Always ask: Will this simplify my life? If the answer is no, reconsider.\n\nPrevious post: The Cheapskate’s Bible: The Complete Tightwad Gazette\n\nNext post: Design Your Life: What Would You Do If You Had Nothing To Do?\n\n# Life-changing training programs and live experiences\n\n# from Zen Habits:\n\nTransformation, one change at a time\n\nFall in love with uncertainty\n\nFree Live Masterclass Getting Your One Thing Done\n\n## Join 2,000,000 breath-taking readers:\n\n * Twitter\n * Facebook\n * Patreon\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210514070101/https://www.dailygood.org/story/1039/young-entrepreneur-promotes-gifting-to-heal-his-cancer-and-society-mira-luna/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society, by Mira Luna",
"passages": [
"Shareable has published many stories about the gift economy and living without money. While they're often inspiring and popular, they often bring up fear of survival. People ask, “Is this really possible for ME?” or “Will I become homeless or sick and die from poverty?” Personally, I've questioned whether living in the gift economy is realistic only for privileged, healthy people.",
"And so I tracked down Brice Royer for an interview. Brice is a young, now voluntarily unemployed entrepreneur from Vancouver with stomach cancer. He not only depends on gift exchange to survive, but helps other people survive through the gift and prosthelytizes gift culture with much conviction. He recently gave a speech alongside Mayor Robertson of Vancouver on how economic inequality is bad for our health and why sharing is better. His courageous acts of generosity have sparked many others to join the gift economy movement and gained international attention.",
"His story resonates deeply with many people because he shows that not only can you live your values, but life might be so much happier, healthier, and more rich, even under adverse circumstances (i.e. the worst case scenario everyone worries about). These kinds of stories can create such a dramatic psychological shift that some people (three I know personally) have changed careers to work on the new economy after hearing such stories. While not everyone can be just like Brice, he can help us take a little leap of faith that gets us all closer to an economy and culture we actually want to live in.",
"Brice Royer: For me, the gift economy is about family. It's about not turning love into a business. I learned that the \"gift economy\" is just a term used by university professors to talk about what people in small towns do naturally and how ancient human societies lived. They help their families and their neighbours because they depend on one another, and it's usually a community of around 150 people. You rarely see a strong sense of community in urban cities or gated communities because there's less trust. Not surprisingly, the bigger the city and stronger the market economy, the more people are busy, stressed and isolated.",
"I suddenly realized that our dependence and need of money is correlated to our isolation from our community. The more I rely on money or trade to fulfill my needs, the more disconnected I become from others. Loneliness and stress is the most underrated health factor for disease, so for me, the gift economy is an important way to reduce social stress and isolation which leads to healing. On a mid-scale, it's also a way for small businesses to reconcile and change the conversation on that inner conflict between passion and profits. On a larger scale, it's a way for politicians and social activists to reform our economic system which is at the root cause of wealth inequality leading to many social ills like climate change.",
"Cancer. My doctor told me I have a stomach tumour but didn't know why. So I looked at the world's healthiest places like Ikaria Greece and Okinawa Japan with the highest concentration of centenerians to learn how they live. I was surprised that almost all have gift economies, live close to family and have a strong community. As an entrepreneur, I found this very surprising because it's the complete opposite of what we're taught in North America. We have more money and options, but we're more sick. There's something very odd about that. It wasn't until I heard of Mark Boyle, a man in the UK who lived without money who felt healthier than ever before, that I was very interested in starting this experiment to live in a gift economy.",
"Last year, I began an experiment to heal myself from cancer by transitioning to a gift economy. I decided not to buy anything from strangers and impersonal companies as much as possible because I feel disconnected. It bothered me that I don't know where my food comes from! All this stress, impersonal relationships and loneliness isn't good for my health. So I decided to support and rely on my family, friends and local neighbours for my basic needs. I asked a friend, Carlos, to invite his friends so we can start a gift circle, and then met a mutual friend, Heidi Henderson who offered 1000 sq feet space at Vital Health Clinic for our first meeting where I met Peter Endisch, a programmer who offered me his car as a gift, which made the national news in Canada.",
"Another friend introduced me to a farmer who has been giving me vegetables. He never asked for anything in return. Now he needs help to get a tractor, so I decided to pay it forward, he was in the news recently and we all raised $12k in one day for him. Later, he surprised me and got me in tears and decided to start a \"Brice Royer cancer survivor\" garden and will deliver food to cancer patients. It will help many of my friends who are in need. He can deliver pesticide free food to 25 people for the season for only $1000. That's $13.33 for weekly food delivery one person for the whole month, which is incredible. We are aiming to expand the free farm internationally. I'm still recovering but I wanted to share this in the hopes that it will inspire you. If anyone would like to get in touch, feel free to follow me on Facebook where I post my latest public updates on my recovery.",
"I'm not sure. There's probably all sorts of reasons. Sometimes it's because they read in the news that a stranger gave me a car, or that I paid a stranger's rent for one year. These are big gifts that took a leap of faith. Other times it's because they love the idea that a cancer patient thinks he can heal himself with acts of kindness. I guess it's not often you hear stories like this! People often say to me, \"You're right on the mark...\" about the economic system. I think the truth resonates that there's something wrong with our economic system and the way we treat each other. We all want to pay it forward, but don't know if it's practical. People are looking for practical alternatives just like I am.",
"What are some ways you've gotten your needs met by living in the gift and how has it changed your life?",
"I feel closer to family and friends than ever before. I consume less and noticed I feel happier. It also changed the way I am thinking about meeting my needs, or meeting other people's needs. Instead of buying something, I simply ask myself a series of questions:",
"I met farmers from a mutual friend who offered me a gift of food which was the first time I know where my food comes from. As a result, I felt more connected, I sleep better, and feel generally happier than I've been in the last two years. Relationships are not all fun and games though because it taught me to emotionally resilient and go the extra mile, to be real with people, instead of isolating myself with the freedom and convenience that money provides.",
"Sure. Here are some examples of gifts I've received: a few people offered me accommodation, including a doctor from New Zealand and a nurse named Jane, as shown on this TV interview, a car, a speaking opportunityalongside the Mayor of Vancouver (and carrots), 100 organic vegetables, a haircut, one stranger gave me $5 for my rent (and more), health services (nutritionists, doctors, healers, massage therapists, free DNA tests from 23andme, and more), a website for the gift economy (This website is gifted and uncopyrighted. It's not mine, but I sometimes blog there).",
"Here's some gifts I've given or organized, in addition to the free farm project: I paid people's dental care and someone got $700+ for her dental amalgam removal, a depressed dad gets surprised by strangers, I offered to pay a stranger's rent for a year and I shared $10k worth of stuff.",
"It's very complex, like an onion with many layers. I recently talked to someone who mentioned her friend became a prostitute and the social taboo in society about it. But then I realized I am a prostitute too. What's the difference between a prostitute and a person with a regular job? If I give you a price for my time, am I not prostituting my services too? We're all prostitutes in a way, we just offer different services. Some of us are prostituting health services, legal advice, business services, and there's even the commodification of friendship nowadays. Have you heard of life coaching? As long as I'm in the market economy, then I am a prostitute too. Of course it's not our fault, it's the system we live in. It's designed that way, unless you live in a smaller community. There are many doctors who can explain the impact of our economic system on our physical health better than I can, like Dr. Gabor Mate. I highly recommend his interview on how capitalism makes us sick. Another good statistic is how wealth inequality is bad for the health of both the rich and the poor by Equality Pledge UK.",
"Do you feel more or less secure living in the gift and why? How does gifting play into your sense of community?",
"A lot more connected. But it fluctuates and depends on the strength, connection and proximity of my relationships with my family and friends. I generally feel more secure when I make more effort to be connected. It feels great to give to people you care about. Investing in relationships has its own set of challenges and rewards. But it's difficult to build relationships when you live in a city or in a country with wealth inequality where people are busy with day jobs. And it affects people of every social class. For example, I heard of someone who sold his company for $30 million and he was surprised at how socially isolating he feels after this sudden windfall. I often tell people it's the wealthiest of us who need to start a gift economy, to reconnect with our family, friends and community, because the poorest communities already understand the concept since they have no choice but to depend on the kindness of others out of necessity.",
"Well, it began in Vancouver but it's now international. It's de-centralized, so everyone starts their own group. Now it's a community where you can learn how to start gift circle groups with your friends, coworkers, or neighbours. There are small groups for entrepreneurs, families, schools, and so on. You can join the Vancouver group and start meeting people from different countries. But I encourage people to start reconnecting with their family and friends rather than to join a website. That's often your closest gift economy. What is something you can offer that your family, neighbours or community would normally buy from you, or from a stranger? Maybe it's a camera you can share that you haven't used for a long time, or a professional service that you can offer. Once you start offering your gifts to people you trust and depend on, you're on your way to brighten someone's day and start a gift economy. If you need help, feel free to send us an email at gifteconomyvancouver@gmail.com. If you'd like to connect with me, I'm on Facebook.",
"This article was printed with permission of Shareable -- an online magazine that tells the story of sharing that covers people, places, and projects bringing a shareable world to life. The author, Mira Luna, is the Organizing Director and a writer for Shareable covering grassroots economics. She is a long time social and environmental justice activist, community organizer and journalist, working to develop an alternative economy.",
"We've sent daily emails for over 16 years, without any ads. Join a community of 244,609 by entering your email below.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society, by Mira\nLuna\n\n * Home | About Us | News | Quotes | Subscribe\n * Get Involved\n\n * Generosity\n * Everyday Heroes\n * Nature\n * Work\n * Science & Tech\n * Mind & Body\n * Business\n\nHome > News > Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and\nSociety\n\n20877 reads \n--- \n \nRemember that the happiest people are not those getting more, but those giving\nmore. --H. Jackson Brown, Jr. \n--- \n \n# Young Entrepreneur Promotes Gifting to Heal His Cancer and Society\n\n\\--by Mira Luna, syndicated from shareable.net, May 25, 2015\n\nShareable has published many stories about the gift economy and living without\nmoney. While they're often inspiring and popular, they often bring up fear of\nsurvival. People ask, “Is this really possible for ME?” or “Will I become\nhomeless or sick and die from poverty?” Personally, I've questioned whether\nliving in the gift economy is realistic only for privileged, healthy people.\n\nAnd so I tracked down Brice Royer for an interview. Brice is a young, now\nvoluntarily unemployed entrepreneur from Vancouver with stomach cancer. He not\nonly depends on gift exchange to survive, but helps other people survive\nthrough the gift and prosthelytizes gift culture with much conviction. He\nrecently gave a speech alongside Mayor Robertson of Vancouver on how economic\ninequality is bad for our health and why sharing is better. His courageous\nacts of generosity have sparked many others to join the gift economy movement\nand gained international attention.\n\nHis story resonates deeply with many people because he shows that not only can\nyou live your values, but life might be so much happier, healthier, and more\nrich, even under adverse circumstances (i.e. the worst case scenario everyone\nworries about). These kinds of stories can create such a dramatic\npsychological shift that some people (three I know personally) have changed\ncareers to work on the new economy after hearing such stories. While not\neveryone can be just like Brice, he can help us take a little leap of faith\nthat gets us all closer to an economy and culture we actually want to live in.\n\nBrice Royer gives a speech alongside the Mayor of Vancouver\n\nMira Luna: What does gift economy mean to you?\n\nBrice Royer: For me, the gift economy is about family. It's about not turning\nlove into a business. I learned that the \"gift economy\" is just a term used by\nuniversity professors to talk about what people in small towns do naturally\nand how ancient human societies lived. They help their families and their\nneighbours because they depend on one another, and it's usually a community of\naround 150 people. You rarely see a strong sense of community in urban cities\nor gated communities because there's less trust. Not surprisingly, the bigger\nthe city and stronger the market economy, the more people are busy, stressed\nand isolated.\n\nI suddenly realized that our dependence and need of money is correlated to our\nisolation from our community. The more I rely on money or trade to fulfill my\nneeds, the more disconnected I become from others. Loneliness and stress is\nthe most underrated health factor for disease, so for me, the gift economy is\nan important way to reduce social stress and isolation which leads to healing.\nOn a mid-scale, it's also a way for small businesses to reconcile and change\nthe conversation on that inner conflict between passion and profits. On a\nlarger scale, it's a way for politicians and social activists to reform our\neconomic system which is at the root cause of wealth inequality leading to\nmany social ills like climate change.\n\nWhat brought to you to the gift economy?\n\nCancer. My doctor told me I have a stomach tumour but didn't know why. So I\nlooked at the world's healthiest places like Ikaria Greece and Okinawa Japan\nwith the highest concentration of centenerians to learn how they live. I was\nsurprised that almost all have gift economies, live close to family and have a\nstrong community. As an entrepreneur, I found this very surprising because\nit's the complete opposite of what we're taught in North America. We have more\nmoney and options, but we're more sick. There's something very odd about that.\nIt wasn't until I heard of Mark Boyle, a man in the UK who lived without money\nwho felt healthier than ever before, that I was very interested in starting\nthis experiment to live in a gift economy.\n\nLast year, I began an experiment to heal myself from cancer by transitioning\nto a gift economy. I decided not to buy anything from strangers and impersonal\ncompanies as much as possible because I feel disconnected. It bothered me that\nI don't know where my food comes from! All this stress, impersonal\nrelationships and loneliness isn't good for my health. So I decided to support\nand rely on my family, friends and local neighbours for my basic needs. I\nasked a friend, Carlos, to invite his friends so we can start a gift circle,\nand then met a mutual friend, Heidi Henderson who offered 1000 sq feet space\nat Vital Health Clinic for our first meeting where I met Peter Endisch, a\nprogrammer who offered me his car as a gift, which made the national news in\nCanada.\n\nBrice fundraises for a tractor for local farmer to help give food to cancer\npatients\n\nAnother friend introduced me to a farmer who has been giving me vegetables. He\nnever asked for anything in return. Now he needs help to get a tractor, so I\ndecided to pay it forward, he was in the news recently and we all raised $12k\nin one day for him. Later, he surprised me and got me in tears and decided to\nstart a \"Brice Royer cancer survivor\" garden and will deliver food to cancer\npatients. It will help many of my friends who are in need. He can deliver\npesticide free food to 25 people for the season for only $1000. That's $13.33\nfor weekly food delivery one person for the whole month, which is incredible.\nWe are aiming to expand the free farm internationally. I'm still recovering\nbut I wanted to share this in the hopes that it will inspire you. If anyone\nwould like to get in touch, feel free to follow me on Facebook where I post my\nlatest public updates on my recovery.\n\nWhy do you think so many people and the media are drawn to your story?\n\nI'm not sure. There's probably all sorts of reasons. Sometimes it's because\nthey read in the news that a stranger gave me a car, or that I paid a\nstranger's rent for one year. These are big gifts that took a leap of faith.\nOther times it's because they love the idea that a cancer patient thinks he\ncan heal himself with acts of kindness. I guess it's not often you hear\nstories like this! People often say to me, \"You're right on the mark...\" about\nthe economic system. I think the truth resonates that there's something wrong\nwith our economic system and the way we treat each other. We all want to pay\nit forward, but don't know if it's practical. People are looking for practical\nalternatives just like I am.\n\nWhat are some ways you've gotten your needs met by living in the gift and how\nhas it changed your life?\n\nI feel closer to family and friends than ever before. I consume less and\nnoticed I feel happier. It also changed the way I am thinking about meeting my\nneeds, or meeting other people's needs. Instead of buying something, I simply\nask myself a series of questions:\n\n1\\. \"Do I really need this?\"\n\n2\\. \"Is there a sustainable alternative?\"\n\n3\\. \"Do I have a family member or friend who provides this service or\nproduct?\"\n\nI met farmers from a mutual friend who offered me a gift of food which was the\nfirst time I know where my food comes from. As a result, I felt more\nconnected, I sleep better, and feel generally happier than I've been in the\nlast two years. Relationships are not all fun and games though because it\ntaught me to emotionally resilient and go the extra mile, to be real with\npeople, instead of isolating myself with the freedom and convenience that\nmoney provides.\n\nCan you give me some more specific examples of things you've exchanged?\n\nSure. Here are some examples of gifts I've received: a few people offered me\naccommodation, including a doctor from New Zealand and a nurse named Jane, as\nshown on this TV interview, a car, a speaking opportunityalongside the Mayor\nof Vancouver (and carrots), 100 organic vegetables, a haircut, one stranger\ngave me $5 for my rent (and more), health services (nutritionists, doctors,\nhealers, massage therapists, free DNA tests from 23andme, and more), a website\nfor the gift economy (This website is gifted and uncopyrighted. It's not mine,\nbut I sometimes blog there).\n\nHere's some gifts I've given or organized, in addition to the free farm\nproject: I paid people's dental care and someone got $700+ for her dental\namalgam removal, a depressed dad gets surprised by strangers, I offered to pay\na stranger's rent for a year and I shared $10k worth of stuff.\n\nBrice received massage and organic vegetables, which he shared with neighbors\n\nWhat impact do you believe the economic system has on mental and physical\nhealth?\n\nIt's very complex, like an onion with many layers. I recently talked to\nsomeone who mentioned her friend became a prostitute and the social taboo in\nsociety about it. But then I realized I am a prostitute too. What's the\ndifference between a prostitute and a person with a regular job? If I give you\na price for my time, am I not prostituting my services too? We're all\nprostitutes in a way, we just offer different services. Some of us are\nprostituting health services, legal advice, business services, and there's\neven the commodification of friendship nowadays. Have you heard of life\ncoaching? As long as I'm in the market economy, then I am a prostitute too. Of\ncourse it's not our fault, it's the system we live in. It's designed that way,\nunless you live in a smaller community. There are many doctors who can explain\nthe impact of our economic system on our physical health better than I can,\nlike Dr. Gabor Mate. I highly recommend his interview on how capitalism makes\nus sick. Another good statistic is how wealth inequality is bad for the health\nof both the rich and the poor by Equality Pledge UK.\n\nDo you feel more or less secure living in the gift and why? How does gifting\nplay into your sense of community?\n\nA lot more connected. But it fluctuates and depends on the strength,\nconnection and proximity of my relationships with my family and friends. I\ngenerally feel more secure when I make more effort to be connected. It feels\ngreat to give to people you care about. Investing in relationships has its own\nset of challenges and rewards. But it's difficult to build relationships when\nyou live in a city or in a country with wealth inequality where people are\nbusy with day jobs. And it affects people of every social class. For example,\nI heard of someone who sold his company for $30 million and he was surprised\nat how socially isolating he feels after this sudden windfall. I often tell\npeople it's the wealthiest of us who need to start a gift economy, to\nreconnect with our family, friends and community, because the poorest\ncommunities already understand the concept since they have no choice but to\ndepend on the kindness of others out of necessity.\n\nWhat is Gift Economy Vancouver and how can someone get involved in their own\ncommunity?\n\nVideo about Gift Economy Vancouver\n\nWell, it began in Vancouver but it's now international. It's de-centralized,\nso everyone starts their own group. Now it's a community where you can learn\nhow to start gift circle groups with your friends, coworkers, or neighbours.\nThere are small groups for entrepreneurs, families, schools, and so on. You\ncan join the Vancouver group and start meeting people from different\ncountries. But I encourage people to start reconnecting with their family and\nfriends rather than to join a website. That's often your closest gift economy.\nWhat is something you can offer that your family, neighbours or community\nwould normally buy from you, or from a stranger? Maybe it's a camera you can\nshare that you haven't used for a long time, or a professional service that\nyou can offer. Once you start offering your gifts to people you trust and\ndepend on, you're on your way to brighten someone's day and start a gift\neconomy. If you need help, feel free to send us an email at\ngifteconomyvancouver@gmail.com. If you'd like to connect with me, I'm on\nFacebook.\n\nDo you have any other resources you'd like to share?\n\nYou can take the Gift Economy Challenge and here are our most popular\narticles:\n\nThe Surprising Link Between Extreme Longevity and High Unemployment Rate\n\nGift Economy for Business Owners: the $40 Billion Enterprise?\n\nHow to Start a Gift Circle\n\nThis article was printed with permission of Shareable -- an online magazine\nthat tells the story of sharing that covers people, places, and projects\nbringing a shareable world to life. The author, Mira Luna, is the Organizing\nDirector and a writer for Shareable covering grassroots economics. She is a\nlong time social and environmental justice activist, community organizer and\njournalist, working to develop an alternative economy.\n\nPrint\n\nLoved This? Pass It On!\n\n#### Check These Out Next\n\nMarina Keegan & The Opposite of Loneliness| Erich Fromm's Six Rules of\nListening| Wonder: When & Why The World Appears Radiant| A 19-Year-Old's Book\nOf Untranslatable Words \n---|---|---|--- \n \n#### More Articles From www.shareable.net\n\nValues and the Sharing Economy| How One Woman's Food Redistribution App is\nFeeding Thousands| The Library of Things: Sharing More Than Books| Pay-As-You-\nFeel Cafe Feeds Thousands on Food Waste \n---|---|---|--- \n \nRead More\n\nQuote Bulletin\n\nLittle girls with dreams become women with vision. Unknown\n\nSearch by keyword: Happiness, Wisdom, Work, Science, Technology, Meditation,\nJoy, Love, Success, Education, Relationships, Life\n\nContribute To Upcoming Stories\n\n# Subscribe to DailyGood\n\nWe've sent daily emails for over 16 years, without any ads. Join a community\nof 244,609 by entering your email below.\n\n * Email:\n\nSubscribe Unsubscribe?\n\nTrending DailyGoods May 3: Six Habits of Hope (46,125 reads) Mar 30: Our\nNervous Systems in the Time of COVID (9,842 reads) Apr 6: Marina Keegan & the\nOpposite of Loneliness (48,607 reads) Apr 8: Hummingbirds and the Ecstatic\nMoment (3,595 reads) Apr 12: Merry Clayton: Beautiful Scars (3,528 reads)\n\nMore ...\n\nRelated DailyGoods\n\nMar 17: The One Most Important Thing You Can Do Right Now Nov 5: What Focusing\non the Breath Does to Your Brain Feb 13: The Wonder of the Universe is\nWondering in Us Apr 2: How to Strengthen Your Inner Shield\n\n \n--- \n \n# About Us\n\nDailyGood is a portal that shares inspiring quotes and news stories that focus\non the \"good\" we can find in our world daily along with a simple action to\ncontinue that goodness. Since 1999, it has delivered positive news to\nsubscriber inboxes for free by volunteers every day.\n\n# Other Projects by ServiceSpace\n\nAwakinConversationsKindSpringKarmaKitchenKarmaTubeCF SitesPledgePagePropoor\n\nShare\n\nCopyright DailyGood 2020 | contact us\n\n"
}
] |
176,209 | How To Choose Knitting Yarn | If you aren’t sure what knitting yarn to choose, check your pattern for the best recommended gauge, weight, and drape for your project. Alternatively, try visiting your local craft store and asking if they have any project samples for you to see. Be sure to ask questions at the store like “What needle size should I use with this yarn?” or “Is this yarn easy to work with?”. Finally, remember that using higher quality yarn will usually result in a higher quality product, so bear this in mind when considering price. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210803202912/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160715102502/http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823103911/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160805191020/http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210519032159/https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20160823110942/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2014/04/choosing-a-yarn-for-knitting-crochet"
] | train | 1,822 | [
{
"original_url": "https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210803202912/https://www.theguardian.com/lifeandstyle/fashion-blog/2014/sep/25/knitting-not-expensive-hobby-best-british-wools",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby",
"passages": [
"If you choose your yarn wisely, you can knit your own jumper for £25. Here are five of the best British wools for less than £6",
"Knitting is no longer the cheaper option, says the Invisible Woman in her lovely, nostalgic piece this week about the Fashion and Textile Museum’s new knitwear exhibition. Well, if you’re trying to pay the least possible for a piece of clothing, the high street can sell you a machine-knitted jumper for under a tenner. But if you’d like the satisfaction of making your own, you needn’t spend much more than £25. And that would be for 100% British wool, grown, spun, dyed and sold in this country. My latest handknit, a cardigan, cost me £12 in wool direct from the working mills at the Welsh National Wool Museum – the buttons, from a local craft shop, were nearly as much.",
"A common misconception about knitting (and crocheting) today is that it is an expensive hobby, best left to those who are well-off in terms of money and spare time. If you have the budget, you could of course spend £100 making a jumper from luxury blends of cashmere and silk. Use possum or yak and you could double, even treble, that price tag (though even then it would be cheaper than a designer knit).",
"But that is not the full picture. Whether you are choosing machine-washable acrylics (still very much for sale in many chemists, pound shops and indoor markets around the country, let alone haberdasheries, wool shops or big chains such as Hobbycraft) or pure wool, you can easily make the kind of “portable hug” that the Invisible Woman speaks so movingly about.",
"And while you’re at it, you could make sure the affordable yarn you choose supports the British wool industry, which is re-entering the market from all directions – from Harris tweed on the catwalk to wool insulation in your roof – and is being celebrated during Wool Week (5-12 October). Over to Louise Scollay of the KnitBritish blog, which has been at the forefront of promoting affordable, British wool.",
"“When I look at my blog stats, I am often surprised by some of the search terms that lead people to my blog – often phrases such as ‘Why is British wool so expensive?’ ‘Where can I find cheap British wool?’ British wool yarn isn’t a high-priced, rare product that you need to seek out from specialist sellers. Even commercial yarn companies, such as Wendy and King Cole, are recognising that there is a wealth of wool in the UK and knitters want to use it. Wendy Ramsdale, a masham wool that carries the British wool mark, was launched recently. It is available widely through online shops and general craft stores,priced at just over £3. It illustrates that yarn companies are aware how discerning knitters are when it comes to the wool they buy, and also the kind of budgets people have.”",
"Though there may not be the same culture of knitting as there was during the make-do-and-mend heyday, it has been transformed by the advent of Ravelry, a social site for knitters, crocheters and weavers, which provides a place to share and talk about your craft, and to learn from others, wherever they are in the world. With nearly 4.5 million Ravellers, that could be anywhere from Azerbaijan to round the corner. The site can also be a democratic platform for knitwear designers: create a great pattern, ask willing knitters to test it, and begin a new career that could lead you into the Fashion and Textile Museum by a different route.",
"I would love to take the Invisible Woman to a knitting group or a wool festival and show her all the knitters out there. Knitting is a craft loved and practised by millions. And if she continues with her rediscovered hobby, I hope she tries some inexpensive British wool for her next new project.",
"The mill at the world heritage site uses wool from seven different British sheep breeds. Soft and woolly with tweedy flecks, this yarn is great for everything from mitts to sweaters.",
"A primitive breed, Shetland fleece. Loved by knitters worldwide, this makes a very fine hand-knitting wool perfect for shawls and fair-isle knitting.",
"Hugely popular yarns in various weights that suit a variety of knitters’ needs, from single-breed wool to washable blends and fantastic sock yarns.",
"Available in 4ply & DK and a new vintage 3ply weight, this yarn is a blend of Exmoor and Bluefaced Leicester. Soft, lustrous and luxurious, this wool, reared and spun in Devon, is a real touch of class.",
"There is more to UK-grown fibre than sheep. The UK Alpaca Superfine range blends 70% UK alpaca with Bluefaced Leicester wool to create an incredibly soft, strong and lofty knitting yarn.",
"Commenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back",
"Commenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create your Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby | Knitting | The Guardian\n\nSkip to main content Skip to navigation\n\nAdvertisement\n\n * International edition\n * UK edition\n * US edition\n * Australian edition\n\nThe Guardian - Back to home\n\nSearch jobs\n\nSign inSearch\n\n * Fashion\n * Food\n * Recipes\n * Love & sex\n * Health & fitness\n * Home & garden\n * Women\n * Men\n * Family\n * Travel\n * Money\n\nFashion blogKnitting\n\n# Knitting needn’t be an expensive hobby\n\nIf you choose your yarn wisely, you can knit your own jumper for £25. Here are\nfive of the best British wools for less than £6\n\nKnitting needles and yarn. Photograph: Alamy\n\nKnitting needles and yarn. Photograph: Alamy\n\nAmelia Hodsdon\n\nLast modified on Wed 23 Sep 2020 15.19 BST\n\nKnitting is no longer the cheaper option, says the Invisible Woman in her\nlovely, nostalgic piece this week about the Fashion and Textile Museum’s new\nknitwear exhibition. Well, if you’re trying to pay the least possible for a\npiece of clothing, the high street can sell you a machine-knitted jumper for\nunder a tenner. But if you’d like the satisfaction of making your own, you\nneedn’t spend much more than £25. And that would be for 100% British wool,\ngrown, spun, dyed and sold in this country. My latest handknit, a cardigan,\ncost me £12 in wool direct from the working mills at the Welsh National Wool\nMuseum – the buttons, from a local craft shop, were nearly as much.\n\nA common misconception about knitting (and crocheting) today is that it is an\nexpensive hobby, best left to those who are well-off in terms of money and\nspare time. If you have the budget, you could of course spend £100 making a\njumper from luxury blends of cashmere and silk. Use possum or yak and you\ncould double, even treble, that price tag (though even then it would be\ncheaper than a designer knit).\n\nBut that is not the full picture. Whether you are choosing machine-washable\nacrylics (still very much for sale in many chemists, pound shops and indoor\nmarkets around the country, let alone haberdasheries, wool shops or big chains\nsuch as Hobbycraft) or pure wool, you can easily make the kind of “portable\nhug” that the Invisible Woman speaks so movingly about.\n\nThe Isle Of Harris Knitwear Company shop at Grosebay, Isle of Harris, The\nOuter Hebrides, Scotland, UK. Photograph: Murdo Macleod\n\nAnd while you’re at it, you could make sure the affordable yarn you choose\nsupports the British wool industry, which is re-entering the market from all\ndirections – from Harris tweed on the catwalk to wool insulation in your roof\n– and is being celebrated during Wool Week (5-12 October). Over to Louise\nScollay of the KnitBritish blog, which has been at the forefront of promoting\naffordable, British wool.\n\n“When I look at my blog stats, I am often surprised by some of the search\nterms that lead people to my blog – often phrases such as ‘Why is British wool\nso expensive?’ ‘Where can I find cheap British wool?’ British wool yarn isn’t\na high-priced, rare product that you need to seek out from specialist sellers.\nEven commercial yarn companies, such as Wendy and King Cole, are recognising\nthat there is a wealth of wool in the UK and knitters want to use it. Wendy\nRamsdale, a masham wool that carries the British wool mark, was launched\nrecently. It is available widely through online shops and general craft\nstores,priced at just over £3. It illustrates that yarn companies are aware\nhow discerning knitters are when it comes to the wool they buy, and also the\nkind of budgets people have.”\n\nThough there may not be the same culture of knitting as there was during the\nmake-do-and-mend heyday, it has been transformed by the advent of Ravelry, a\nsocial site for knitters, crocheters and weavers, which provides a place to\nshare and talk about your craft, and to learn from others, wherever they are\nin the world. With nearly 4.5 million Ravellers, that could be anywhere from\nAzerbaijan to round the corner. The site can also be a democratic platform for\nknitwear designers: create a great pattern, ask willing knitters to test it,\nand begin a new career that could lead you into the Fashion and Textile Museum\nby a different route.\n\nI would love to take the Invisible Woman to a knitting group or a wool\nfestival and show her all the knitters out there. Knitting is a craft loved\nand practised by millions. And if she continues with her rediscovered hobby, I\nhope she tries some inexpensive British wool for her next new project.\n\n## Louise Scollay’s five great British wools under £6\n\nNew Lanark wool & silk yarn, from £3.50/50g\n\nThe mill at the world heritage site uses wool from seven different British\nsheep breeds. Soft and woolly with tweedy flecks, this yarn is great for\neverything from mitts to sweaters.\n\nJamieson & Smith, £2.75/25g\n\nA primitive breed, Shetland fleece. Loved by knitters worldwide, this makes a\nvery fine hand-knitting wool perfect for shawls and fair-isle knitting.\n\nWest Yorkshire Spinners, from £4.50/100g\n\nHugely popular yarns in various weights that suit a variety of knitters’\nneeds, from single-breed wool to washable blends and fantastic sock yarns.\n\nExcelana, from £4\n\nAvailable in 4ply & DK and a new vintage 3ply weight, this yarn is a blend of\nExmoor and Bluefaced Leicester. Soft, lustrous and luxurious, this wool,\nreared and spun in Devon, is a real touch of class.\n\nUK Alpaca, from £5.95\n\nThere is more to UK-grown fibre than sheep. The UK Alpaca Superfine range\nblends 70% UK alpaca with Bluefaced Leicester wool to create an incredibly\nsoft, strong and lofty knitting yarn.\n\nTopics\n\n * Knitting\n * Fashion blog\n\n * Craft\n * blogposts\n\nReuse this content\n\n## comments (...)\n\nCommenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create\nyour Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\n\n## comments (...)\n\nCommenting has been disabled at this time but you can still sign in or create\nyour Guardian account to join the discussion when it's back\n\n * News\n * Opinion\n * Sport\n * Culture\n * Lifestyle\n\n * Contact us\n * Complaints & corrections\n * SecureDrop\n * Work for us\n * Privacy policy\n * Cookie policy\n * Terms & conditions\n * Help\n\n * All topics\n * All writers\n * Digital newspaper archive\n * Facebook\n * YouTube\n * Instagram\n * LinkedIn\n * Twitter\n * Newsletters\n\n * Advertise with us\n * Search UK jobs\n\nBack to top\n\n© 2021 Guardian News & Media Limited or its affiliated companies. All rights\nreserved. (modern)\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160715102502/http://www.dummies.com:80/how-to/content/choosing-yarn-for-your-knitting-project.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project",
"passages": [
"Yarns, garment shapes, and stitch patterns must work together for your knitting project to be successful. If you plan to knit a scarf or a blanket, go ahead and let the yarn you fall in love with dictate the outcome of your project. However, if you plan to make a sweater, using a sweater pattern as your starting point is the simplest way to get going on a project. You can purchase the yarn specified in the pattern or something similar enough (check with a knowledgeable salesperson) to ensure that the completed garment will look like the one in the picture.",
"If an irresistible yarn is your starting point and you want to make a sweater, find a pattern written especially for the kind of yarn you've chosen and hope that you like the style. Another option is to select a pattern calling for another yarn that works up to the same gauge as the yarn you've chosen. If the pattern you've chosen expects you to get 4 stitches and 6 rows to the inch and your yarn gives you something different, your sweater will turn out a different size than the one given in the pattern.",
"Gauge (sometimes called 'tension' is listed at the beginning of a pattern before the instructions proper begin. It's given as a number of stitches and rows over 4 square inches or 10 square centimeters. It also tells what needle and what stitch pattern were used to determine the gauge.",
"Just because two yarns have the same gauge doesn't mean that they can substitute for each other successfully in a given pattern. If they have different characteristics — texture, drape, fiber, and color — the final garment will look and feel different from the one pictured on your pattern.",
"It isn't easy to predict what yarn in a ball will look like when it's knitted up. This is especially true of novelty yarns. Jewel-colored hanks may look beautiful when displayed in a basket, but like mush when knitted up. Even plainer traditional yarns can surprise you. Their drape and feel will vary greatly depending on how tightly spun they are, the fiber they're made of, and the dye used to color them.",
"Check to see whether the yarns you're interested in have been knitted into a sample. Many yarn shops knit up sample swatches or entire sweaters in the yarns they carry so that you can see what they look like worked up.",
"If you want to work cables and stitch patterns, a smooth plied yarn in a solid color gives your stitches a crisp look, showcasing your effort. Cables and pattern stitches worked in soft single plies have a slightly softer appearance than when worked in highly twisted yarns. In general, plied and twisted yarns are sophisticated and classic. Single plies are rustic and relaxed.",
"Yarn consists of one or more strands of yarn called plies. Plied yarns are made from several plies of yarn twisted together. The thickness of a given yarn is determined not by the number of plies, but by their individual thickness. If the plies are thin, a 4-ply yarn can be finer than a heavy single-ply yarn.",
"If color is what you're after, a simple stockinette sweater knitted up in a colorful hand-painted or sparkling novelty yarn will make a knock-out sweater with relatively little knitting effort. Simple stitch patterns are best. Don't knock yourself out with tricky stitch work if you're using a variegated yarn. The texture won't show up, and all your stitch-making effort will be for naught.",
"If you love Fair Isle patterns, smooth plied yarns in contrasting colors give you clear and readable patterns. But don't overlook the possibilities of using a hand-painted yarn as one of your colored yarns. A variegated yarn in a single color that shades from light to dark has the subtlety of a watercolor.",
"Some novelty yarns can be tricky to work with. If you're dying to work with a novelty yarn, start with a variegated dyed or painted simple plied yarn. These give lots of color variation and interest, but the strand of yarn is itself easy to see. Identifying individual stitches in highly textured yarns is difficult if not impossible, making it hard to fix mistakes or rip out stitches.",
"The wilder the yarn, the simpler the sweater shape and pattern stitch should be. The plainer the yarn, the more texture and shaping details will show up.",
"For cotton, silk, and other yarns that are inelastic, look for patterns that don't depend on rib for fit. Find patterns that hang straight to highlight the drape of these yarns.",
"If you have your heart set on a cotton sweater with a ribbed border and you want the ribbing to pull in and not hang straight, ask the people at your yarn shop whether they have an elastic thread that you can work along with your regular yarn in the rib or edging pattern.",
"If you shop in a specialty yarn store, chances are that the people who work there have experience with their yarns and with knitting in general. They're there to help you and encourage you. Feel free to ask questions about the yarn you're considering for your project. Here are some good questions to keep in mind:",
"Whatever yarn you choose, remember that you're going to be seeing a lot of it. Hundreds of yards of it will be passing through your fingers as you build — stitch by stitch — your knitted project. Make sure that what you choose is worth your effort. You don't always have to spend more money for good quality, but if you do, you'll save yourself a headache or two, and you'll have a beautiful garment or project to show for your effort.",
"Learn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up on your sports knowledge for the upcoming season."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project - For Dummies\n\nSee All Topics\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Health & Fitness\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n * Games\n\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n\n * Coin Collecting\n * How To Crochet\n * How To Knit\n * How To Quilt\n * Paper Crafting\n * How To Scrapbook\n * How To Sew\n * Holiday Crafts\n * Jewelry Making & Beading For Dummies Extras\n * How To Knit\n\n * Fixing Mistakes\n * Hand-Dyeing Yarn\n * Hand-Spinning Yarn\n * Knitting For Dummies Extras\n * Needles & Yarn\n * Projects\n * Stitches & Designs\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\n * Needles & Yarn\n\nHow to Wind a Hank of Yarn\n\n|\n\nHow to Join the Round on a Circular Needle\n\n|\n\nTypes of Yarn Fibers \n \n---|---|--- \n \n# Choosing Yarn for Your Knitting Project\n\nYarns, garment shapes, and stitch patterns must work together for your\nknitting project to be successful. If you plan to knit a scarf or a blanket,\ngo ahead and let the yarn you fall in love with dictate the outcome of your\nproject. However, if you plan to make a sweater, using a sweater pattern as\nyour starting point is the simplest way to get going on a project. You can\npurchase the yarn specified in the pattern or something similar enough (check\nwith a knowledgeable salesperson) to ensure that the completed garment will\nlook like the one in the picture.\n\n## The gauge of yarn\n\nIf an irresistible yarn is your starting point and you want to make a sweater,\nfind a pattern written especially for the kind of yarn you've chosen and hope\nthat you like the style. Another option is to select a pattern calling for\nanother yarn that works up to the same gauge as the yarn you've chosen. If the\npattern you've chosen expects you to get 4 stitches and 6 rows to the inch and\nyour yarn gives you something different, your sweater will turn out a\ndifferent size than the one given in the pattern.\n\nGauge (sometimes called 'tension' is listed at the beginning of a pattern\nbefore the instructions proper begin. It's given as a number of stitches and\nrows over 4 square inches or 10 square centimeters. It also tells what needle\nand what stitch pattern were used to determine the gauge.\n\nJust because two yarns have the same gauge doesn't mean that they can\nsubstitute for each other successfully in a given pattern. If they have\ndifferent characteristics — texture, drape, fiber, and color — the final\ngarment will look and feel different from the one pictured on your pattern.\n\nIt isn't easy to predict what yarn in a ball will look like when it's knitted\nup. This is especially true of novelty yarns. Jewel-colored hanks may look\nbeautiful when displayed in a basket, but like mush when knitted up. Even\nplainer traditional yarns can surprise you. Their drape and feel will vary\ngreatly depending on how tightly spun they are, the fiber they're made of, and\nthe dye used to color them.\n\nCheck to see whether the yarns you're interested in have been knitted into a\nsample. Many yarn shops knit up sample swatches or entire sweaters in the\nyarns they carry so that you can see what they look like worked up.\n\n## Texture and color of yarn\n\nIf you want to work cables and stitch patterns, a smooth plied yarn in a solid\ncolor gives your stitches a crisp look, showcasing your effort. Cables and\npattern stitches worked in soft single plies have a slightly softer appearance\nthan when worked in highly twisted yarns. In general, plied and twisted yarns\nare sophisticated and classic. Single plies are rustic and relaxed.\n\nYarn consists of one or more strands of yarn called plies. Plied yarns are\nmade from several plies of yarn twisted together. The thickness of a given\nyarn is determined not by the number of plies, but by their individual\nthickness. If the plies are thin, a 4-ply yarn can be finer than a heavy\nsingle-ply yarn.\n\nIf color is what you're after, a simple stockinette sweater knitted up in a\ncolorful hand-painted or sparkling novelty yarn will make a knock-out sweater\nwith relatively little knitting effort. Simple stitch patterns are best. Don't\nknock yourself out with tricky stitch work if you're using a variegated yarn.\nThe texture won't show up, and all your stitch-making effort will be for\nnaught.\n\nIf you love Fair Isle patterns, smooth plied yarns in contrasting colors give\nyou clear and readable patterns. But don't overlook the possibilities of using\na hand-painted yarn as one of your colored yarns. A variegated yarn in a\nsingle color that shades from light to dark has the subtlety of a watercolor.\n\nSome novelty yarns can be tricky to work with. If you're dying to work with a\nnovelty yarn, start with a variegated dyed or painted simple plied yarn. These\ngive lots of color variation and interest, but the strand of yarn is itself\neasy to see. Identifying individual stitches in highly textured yarns is\ndifficult if not impossible, making it hard to fix mistakes or rip out\nstitches.\n\nThe wilder the yarn, the simpler the sweater shape and pattern stitch should\nbe. The plainer the yarn, the more texture and shaping details will show up.\n\n## Fiber content of yarn\n\nFor cotton, silk, and other yarns that are inelastic, look for patterns that\ndon't depend on rib for fit. Find patterns that hang straight to highlight the\ndrape of these yarns.\n\nIf you have your heart set on a cotton sweater with a ribbed border and you\nwant the ribbing to pull in and not hang straight, ask the people at your yarn\nshop whether they have an elastic thread that you can work along with your\nregular yarn in the rib or edging pattern.\n\nIf you shop in a specialty yarn store, chances are that the people who work\nthere have experience with their yarns and with knitting in general. They're\nthere to help you and encourage you. Feel free to ask questions about the yarn\nyou're considering for your project. Here are some good questions to keep in\nmind:\n\n * Does it pill?\n\n * Is it colorfast?\n\n * Will it stretch?\n\n * Is it easy to knit with?\n\n * Does it work with the pattern I've chosen?\n\n * What size needle will it work best with?\n\nWhatever yarn you choose, remember that you're going to be seeing a lot of it.\nHundreds of yards of it will be passing through your fingers as you build —\nstitch by stitch — your knitted project. Make sure that what you choose is\nworth your effort. You don't always have to spend more money for good quality,\nbut if you do, you'll save yourself a headache or two, and you'll have a\nbeautiful garment or project to show for your effort.\n\n * Add a Comment\n * Print\n * Share\n\n#### Recommends\n\n#### Promoted Stories From Around The Web\n\nCOMMENTS »\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\nHow Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size\n\nTypes of Knitting Needles\n\nHow to Join the Round on Double-Pointed Needles\n\nHow to Read Yarn Labels\n\nLooking at Different Kinds of Knitting Needles\n\n#### Featured Book\n\nKnitting For Dummies, 3rd Edition\n\nUS $24.99 Add To Cart\n\n#### More For Dummies\n\nOnline Test Banks\n\nBrowse Online Courses\n\nExplore Mobile Apps\n\nShop for Books and More\n\n#### Newsletters\n\n##### Games, Hobbies & Sports\n\nLearn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up\non your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\n\nMore Newsletters »\n\nAbout us\n\n * About For Dummies\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Advertise with Us\n * Manage Your E-Mail Newsletters\n * Help\n\n|\n\nMore From Dummies\n\n * Mobile Site\n * My Account\n * Dummies B2B Services\n * Online Test Banks\n * eLearning\n * Mobile Apps\n * Dummies Store\n * Sweepstakes\n\n|\n\nTopics A-Z\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Games\n * Health & Fitness\n\n|\n\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n\n \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright © 2016 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160823103911/http://www.craftsy.com:80/blog/2013/10/knit-draping",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Choosing Yarn: Test the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch",
"passages": [
"In knitting when we think about yarn substitution, most of us are guilty of just matching the gauge and moving on. It doesn't matter how that gauge looks to us, even if the stitches look like they're packed in there tightly. If we get the correct amount of stitches per inch, we're happy.",
"This usually works out for us if we're knitting something like a tech case. But what if it's a wearable? Things can go wrong in ways you never expected when you don't consider draping while choosing yarn for your project.",
"Think about loose drapes, like light, airy mohair shawls. Or how about something that barely has drape at all, like a super bulky-weight knit in a gauge so tiny the stitches have nowhere to go and therefore stand at attention?",
"This shawl was knit with an alpaca-silk blend (yummy!) and a merino lace edging. Notice how it gathers and falls around the neck and shoulders. Let's say you want to substitute this yarn for something in your stash of the same weight. The weight matches, and you've managed to achieve the same gauge as the pattern. So does that make it a good substitution? Eh, not exactly. If your yarn sub is made of something a bit stiffer (say, a wool for example) then your shawl is not going to tuck and roll like the one in this photo. It might actually stand straight up instead.",
"There are a couple of things you can do to avoid completing a 20+ hour project only to find the drape makes it totally unwearable.",
"Search online to find knitters who have used the yarn you're thinking about using as a substitution. If they made an item similar to the one you want to make, even better! Notice how the yarn drapes in the photos. Do you like it?",
"Knitting a larger swatch has a lot of advantages, and draping is one of them. If you just knit the usual 4\" x 4\" swatch, you can't tell much about it. Knitting a larger swatch not only gives you a more accurate gauge measurement, but it also makes the draping much more obvious. A small, lightweight swatch isn't going to show off the drape, especially if that little swatch is going to turn into something like a big, cozy sweater.",
"Don't just measure your swatch. Put it through the same routine as you would your clothing. Wad it up, wash it. Knitting designer Lily Chin is a fan of hanging your swatch on the wall to see how it falls and hangs. Does it droop? Does it stand perfectly straight? These are all good indicators of how the yarn will look and behave once it's knitted into a bigger project.",
"Achieving the right drape is just the first step in knitting well-fit knits. Check out Craftsy's Fit Your Knits with Stefanie Japel and Feminine Fit with Joan McGowan-Michael for tips on everything you need to know about fitting knits before you even put the project on the needles, from calculating increases to adding bust darts.",
"Great article. I frequently substitute yarn from what the sample pattern is knit up with, mostly because of budget. I have learned over the years to take drape into consideration after several mishaps. My very first (and worst) substitution was a sweater I knitted for my then fiancee. The pattern called for this very expensive wool blend and I was rather poor so I substituted a budget acrylic. I made my 4′′ gauge swatch, washed it and blocked it (although at the time I didn’t know that acrylic really doesn’t block well). Once I was satisfied that I was knitting the right gauge to make the sweater fit correctly I knitted it up. I spent weeks working on the sweater and when it was finished I presented the sweater as a Christmas gift to my fiancee. When he pulled it out of the gift box he gave me an odd look, but said how much he loved the color and the pattern that I had chosen. He kept the sweater in his dresser drawer, always at the top so it was the first thing he saw when he opened the drawer, but I never saw him wear the sweater. Our marriage unfortunately did not survive and we parted ways, but remained friends. Years later I was unpacking my son’s room in our new house and I found the sweater among his belongings. I asked him where he had gotten it and he told me his dad had given it to him. He told our son that he should always keep the sweater at the top of the drawer to remind him that my love was as bullet proof as the sweater and that’s why he had kept it at the top of his drawer for all those years. The moral of the story is, had I knitted up a larger swatch of the budget yarn I would have easily seen that the yarn, while right on target gauge wise, was much too stiff to use for a pullover sweater.",
"Such a nice story. Thank you for sharing, Marcia! Even if no one ever wore the sweater, at least it is getting lots of use as a memento!",
"Many of my friends and I have taught ourselves to knit and crochet. Unfortunately you don’t see much about draping qualities written and so we learn the hard way about things like using the wrong yarn for a project. Many times, the experiences are very expensive, frustrating and so bad that we quit, or never try the same thing again. It would be so nice to find one book that really discusses all facets of knitting or crocheting so that you don’t have to buy a ton of books to learn. I had never thought of using the term draping for yarn. I just thought it was the wrong yarn for a project. I sew and know that draping fabrics is very important. Just didn’t associate the term with yarn. Now I know and have learned something today. Thanks for this article.",
"Learn from the world's best knitting instructors when you join Craftsy now. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Choosing Yarn: Test the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch\n\n 1. Join or Sign In\n 2. 1. My Craftsy\n 2. My Settings\n 3. My Wishlist\n 4. My Order History\n 5. Sign Out\n\nJoin or Sign In\n\n 1. Online Classes\n\n 1. Sewing & Quilting »\n 2. Sewing\n 3. Quilting\n 4. Embroidery\n 5. Cake & Cooking »\n 6. Cake Decorating\n 7. Food & Cooking\n 8. Yarn & Fiber Arts »\n 9. Knitting\n 10. Crocheting\n 11. Spinning\n 12. Weaving\n 1. Art & Photo »\n 2. Drawing\n 3. Painting\n 4. Photography\n 5. Home & Garden »\n 6. Woodworking\n 7. Gardening\n 8. More »\n 9. Jewelry\n 10. Paper Crafts\n\n 2. Kits\n\n 1. Category\n 2. Quilting\n 3. Sewing\n 4. Knitting\n 5. Crocheting\n 1. Popular Projects\n 2. Quilts\n 3. Neckwear\n 4. Mittens & Gloves\n 5. Hats\n 6. Dresses\n\n 3. Supplies\n\n 1. Popular Items\n 2. Quilting Fabric\n 3. Sewing Fabric\n 4. Sewing Patterns\n 5. Yarn\n 6. Paper Crafts\n 7. Art Supplies\n 8. Cake Decorating\n 9. Tools & Notions\n 1. Popular Brands\n 2. Moda Fabric\n 3. Robert Kaufman Fabric\n 4. RJR Fabric\n 5. Cascade Yarn\n 6. Artyarns Yarn\n 7. Madelinetosh Yarn\n\n 1. Patterns\n 2. Projects\n 3. Blog\n\nDownload the Craftsy App\n\nMy Craftsy | Sign out\n\nBlog Home » Knitting Blog » Choosing Yarn: Testing the Draping of Your Knitted\nSwatch\n\n# Choosing Yarn: Testing the Draping of Your Knitted Swatch\n\nPosted by Ashley Little // Oct 16, 2013\n\nIn knitting when we think about yarn substitution, most of us are guilty of\njust matching the gauge and moving on. It doesn't matter how that gauge looks\nto us, even if the stitches look like they're packed in there tightly. If we\nget the correct amount of stitches per inch, we're happy.\n\nThis usually works out for us if we're knitting something like a tech case.\nBut what if it's a wearable? Things can go wrong in ways you never expected\nwhen you don't consider draping while choosing yarn for your project.\n\n## Draping isn't some fancy knitting term. It's exactly what you think it is:\nhow fabric (including knitted fabric) moves and hangs.\n\nThink about loose drapes, like light, airy mohair shawls. Or how about\nsomething that barely has drape at all, like a super bulky-weight knit in a\ngauge so tiny the stitches have nowhere to go and therefore stand at\nattention?\n\nLet's use this beautiful Arcadian shawl by Craftsy member Knitting Kninja as\nan example:\n\nThis shawl was knit with an alpaca-silk blend (yummy!) and a merino lace\nedging. Notice how it gathers and falls around the neck and shoulders. Let's\nsay you want to substitute this yarn for something in your stash of the same\nweight. The weight matches, and you've managed to achieve the same gauge as\nthe pattern. So does that make it a good substitution? Eh, not exactly. If\nyour yarn sub is made of something a bit stiffer (say, a wool for example)\nthen your shawl is not going to tuck and roll like the one in this photo. It\nmight actually stand straight up instead.\n\n## How to solve a drape problem\n\nThere are a couple of things you can do to avoid completing a 20+ hour project\nonly to find the drape makes it totally unwearable.\n\n### 1\\. Research online\n\nSearch online to find knitters who have used the yarn you're thinking about\nusing as a substitution. If they made an item similar to the one you want to\nmake, even better! Notice how the yarn drapes in the photos. Do you like it?\n\n### 2\\. Knit a bigger swatch\n\nKnitting a larger swatch has a lot of advantages, and draping is one of them.\nIf you just knit the usual 4\" x 4\" swatch, you can't tell much about it.\nKnitting a larger swatch not only gives you a more accurate gauge measurement,\nbut it also makes the draping much more obvious. A small, lightweight swatch\nisn't going to show off the drape, especially if that little swatch is going\nto turn into something like a big, cozy sweater.\n\n### 3\\. Test your swatch\n\nDon't just measure your swatch. Put it through the same routine as you would\nyour clothing. Wad it up, wash it. Knitting designer Lily Chin is a fan of\nhanging your swatch on the wall to see how it falls and hangs. Does it droop?\nDoes it stand perfectly straight? These are all good indicators of how the\nyarn will look and behave once it's knitted into a bigger project.\n\n> Achieving the right drape is just the first step in knitting well-fit knits.\n> Check out Craftsy's Fit Your Knits with Stefanie Japel and Feminine Fit with\n> Joan McGowan-Michael for tips on everything you need to know about fitting\n> knits before you even put the project on the needles, from calculating\n> increases to adding bust darts.\n\n### Have you ever experienced a yarn substitution draping nightmare?\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Cutting Your Knitting on Purpose (Yikes!) With Steeks\n * Get the Right Fit for Your Knits: What Is Positive Ease?\n * Get the Right Fit: All About Negative Ease\n * Let’s Play Runway: Design Your Own Sweater\n * A Perfect Fit! Taking Body Measurements for Knits\n\n### 3 Comments\n\nMarciaC Oct 17, 2013\n\nGreat article. I frequently substitute yarn from what the sample pattern is\nknit up with, mostly because of budget. I have learned over the years to take\ndrape into consideration after several mishaps. My very first (and worst)\nsubstitution was a sweater I knitted for my then fiancee. The pattern called\nfor this very expensive wool blend and I was rather poor so I substituted a\nbudget acrylic. I made my 4′′ gauge swatch, washed it and blocked it (although\nat the time I didn’t know that acrylic really doesn’t block well). Once I was\nsatisfied that I was knitting the right gauge to make the sweater fit\ncorrectly I knitted it up. I spent weeks working on the sweater and when it\nwas finished I presented the sweater as a Christmas gift to my fiancee. When\nhe pulled it out of the gift box he gave me an odd look, but said how much he\nloved the color and the pattern that I had chosen. He kept the sweater in his\ndresser drawer, always at the top so it was the first thing he saw when he\nopened the drawer, but I never saw him wear the sweater. Our marriage\nunfortunately did not survive and we parted ways, but remained friends. Years\nlater I was unpacking my son’s room in our new house and I found the sweater\namong his belongings. I asked him where he had gotten it and he told me his\ndad had given it to him. He told our son that he should always keep the\nsweater at the top of the drawer to remind him that my love was as bullet\nproof as the sweater and that’s why he had kept it at the top of his drawer\nfor all those years. The moral of the story is, had I knitted up a larger\nswatch of the budget yarn I would have easily seen that the yarn, while right\non target gauge wise, was much too stiff to use for a pullover sweater.\n\nReply\n\nAshley Oct 18, 2013\n\nSuch a nice story. Thank you for sharing, Marcia! Even if no one ever wore the\nsweater, at least it is getting lots of use as a memento!\n\nReply\n\nPat Oct 17, 2013\n\nMany of my friends and I have taught ourselves to knit and crochet.\nUnfortunately you don’t see much about draping qualities written and so we\nlearn the hard way about things like using the wrong yarn for a project. Many\ntimes, the experiences are very expensive, frustrating and so bad that we\nquit, or never try the same thing again. It would be so nice to find one book\nthat really discusses all facets of knitting or crocheting so that you don’t\nhave to buy a ton of books to learn. I had never thought of using the term\ndraping for yarn. I just thought it was the wrong yarn for a project. I sew\nand know that draping fabrics is very important. Just didn’t associate the\nterm with yarn. Now I know and have learned something today. Thanks for this\narticle.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Select your interest\n\n#### Subscribe & Join Craftsy\n\nLearn from the world's best knitting instructors when you join Craftsy now.\nPlus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\n\n#### Get Tutorials, Tips & More\n\nBe the first to enjoy new knitting tutorials, resources, contests, giveaways &\nmuch more. 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"original_url": "http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20160805191020/http://www.dummies.com/how-to/content/how-drape-affects-gauge-yarn-and-needle-size.html",
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"title": "How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size",
"passages": [
"The desired drape of the fabric that you’re knitting will influence the gauge and the yarn and needle size you choose for your project. To decide on knitted drape, consider if you want the finished piece to be soft and flowing, very stiff, or somewhere in between. After you determine the drape, you can choose the right yarn and the right gauge for your project.",
"Very dense, stiff: This density requires the smallest needles. For almost any purpose, this gauge is just too tight. If you’re trying to substitute yarns and the fabric that you make ends up too dense when knit at the gauge called for in the pattern, it isn’t the right yarn for the job. You need to find a thinner yarn for the project.",
"Dense, but moveable: The piece won’t be floppy at all and will insist on keeping its own shape, rather than following the lines of the body.",
"Covers, but drapes: You can see a bit of light through it when you hold it up. And when you put it on your hand, it moves to follow the shape of your hand, but it isn’t see-through.",
"Drapes very easily: With larger needles, the stitches are very large. In this case, the knitted fabric is as much about the light and air between the stitches as it is about the yarn that surrounds these holes.",
"Whatever type of garment you’re knitting, think a bit about what sort of drape and fabric suits it best when determining whether your gauge is right on target. Any yarn can be knit at a variety of gauges. But getting gauge right also means deciding whether you like the fabric you’ve knit and whether you think that it’s right for the project that you want to make.",
"Learn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up on your sports knowledge for the upcoming season."
]
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"parsed_md": "How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size - For Dummies\n\nSee All Topics\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Health & Fitness\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n * Games\n\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n\n * Coin Collecting\n * How To Crochet\n * How To Knit\n * How To Quilt\n * Paper Crafting\n * How To Scrapbook\n * How To Sew\n * Holiday Crafts\n * Jewelry Making & Beading For Dummies Extras\n * How To Knit\n\n * Fixing Mistakes\n * Hand-Dyeing Yarn\n * Hand-Spinning Yarn\n * Knitting For Dummies Extras\n * Needles & Yarn\n * Projects\n * Stitches & Designs\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\n * Understanding Patterns & Techniques\n\nHow to Cast On with the Two-Strand Method\n\n|\n\nHow to Knit a Twist to the Left\n\n|\n\nKnitting in the Round with Common Stitches \n \n---|---|--- \n \n# How Drape Affects Gauge, Yarn, and Needle Size\n\nBy Kristi Porter from Knitting Patterns For Dummies\n\nThe desired drape of the fabric that you’re knitting will influence the gauge\nand the yarn and needle size you choose for your project. To decide on knitted\ndrape, consider if you want the finished piece to be soft and flowing, very\nstiff, or somewhere in between. After you determine the drape, you can choose\nthe right yarn and the right gauge for your project.\n\nHere are the general kinds of knitting drape:\n\n * Very dense, stiff: This density requires the smallest needles. For almost any purpose, this gauge is just too tight. If you’re trying to substitute yarns and the fabric that you make ends up too dense when knit at the gauge called for in the pattern, it isn’t the right yarn for the job. You need to find a thinner yarn for the project.\n\n * Dense, but moveable: The piece won’t be floppy at all and will insist on keeping its own shape, rather than following the lines of the body.\n\n * Covers, but drapes: You can see a bit of light through it when you hold it up. And when you put it on your hand, it moves to follow the shape of your hand, but it isn’t see-through.\n\n * Drapes easily: You can definitely see light through the swatch and maybe even some skin. The fabric drapes easily.\n\n * Drapes very easily: With larger needles, the stitches are very large. In this case, the knitted fabric is as much about the light and air between the stitches as it is about the yarn that surrounds these holes.\n\nWhatever type of garment you’re knitting, think a bit about what sort of drape\nand fabric suits it best when determining whether your gauge is right on\ntarget. Any yarn can be knit at a variety of gauges. But getting gauge right\nalso means deciding whether you like the fabric you’ve knit and whether you\nthink that it’s right for the project that you want to make.\n\n * Add a Comment\n * Print\n * Share\n\n#### Recommends\n\n#### Promoted Stories From Around The Web\n\nCOMMENTS »\n\nblog comments powered by Disqus\n\nKnitting in the Round with Two Circular Needles\n\nHow to Cast On with the Thumb Method\n\nHow to Bind Off in the Round\n\nHow to Knit in the Round on Double-Pointed Needles\n\nHow to Block Crochet or Knitting with Liquid Starch\n\n#### Featured Book\n\nKnitting Patterns For Dummies\n\nUS $19.99 Add To Cart\n\n#### More For Dummies\n\nOnline Test Banks\n\nBrowse Online Courses\n\nExplore Mobile Apps\n\nShop for Books and More\n\n#### Newsletters\n\n##### Games, Hobbies & Sports\n\nLearn how to play cards, take great pictures, and knit a scarf, and brush up\non your sports knowledge for the upcoming season.\n\nMore Newsletters »\n\nAbout us\n\n * About For Dummies\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Terms and Conditions\n * Advertise with Us\n * Manage Your E-Mail Newsletters\n * Help\n\n|\n\nMore From Dummies\n\n * Mobile Site\n * My Account\n * Dummies B2B Services\n * Online Test Banks\n * eLearning\n * Mobile Apps\n * Dummies Store\n * Sweepstakes\n\n|\n\nTopics A-Z\n\n * Small Business & Careers\n * Computers & Software\n * Consumer Electronics\n * Crafts & Hobbies\n * Education & Languages\n * Food & Drink\n * Games\n * Health & Fitness\n\n|\n\n * Home & Garden\n * Internet & Social Media\n * Music & Creative Arts\n * Personal Finance\n * Pets\n * Photography & Video\n * Relationships & Family\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports & Outdoors\n\n \n \n---|---|---|--- \n \nCopyright © 2016 & Trademark by John Wiley & Sons, Inc. All rights reserved.\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210519032159/https://www.fickleknitter.com/archives/2012/09/on-gauge-part-iii-ensuring-you-have-enough-yarn-for-your-knitting-project-by-michelle-miller.htm",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by Michelle Miller",
"passages": [
"If you are working on a special project and are concerned that you might run out of yarn there are a few things you can to do safe guard against it. The first thing you can do is buy extra yarn. Many places have a friendly return policy or will hold a skein aside for you in the event that you need it. If you have a deadline and very special knitting to do like a wedding or baptism knitting project it’s best to buy extra yarn and sell it or trade it if you don’t end up using it. Always ensure that you have set aside enough yarn for your project. It will save you a lot of heartache, frustration, time and money to plan ahead.",
"Why did I add that? Because we’re all human, no one is perfect and no two people are exactly alike. Each and every person knits a different way. I even discovered that two people, using the same pattern, yarn, and knitting needles can create a knitted sample where one uses 80 yards more than the other!",
"Gauge is fluid. It’s like reading mile markers on the highway. It helps guide you in the right direction toward completing a knitting project favorably but there are a number of factors that can change your gauge, and specifically how much yardage is used in your project.",
"The first thing you can do to avoid running out of yarn is use the yarn specified in the pattern. If you don’t want to do that or it’s not practical to do so, it is perfectly fine to substitute yarn in your knitting project. However, you should educate yourself on HOW to substitute a yarn. For example, an inelastic yarn will take up much more yardage than an elastic yarn. And this includes yarns that have only a percentage of inelastic yarn mixed with elastic fiber! If the yarn specified in the pattern calls for 100% wool and you use 90% wool and 10% alpaca, and your gauge is perfect, you will still need more yarn! Why? Inelastic yarns do not stretch like wool. And if the yarn does not stretch, you will not be able to block it to the same size as a project made with wool.",
"This is not a comprehensive list, but some examples of inelastic fibers include all the cellulose fibers such as Silk, Linen, and Hemp. Alpaca falls into the category as well as tencel, bamboo, cotton and rayon. Basically any fiber that does not have “give” or stretch will fall into the heading of an inelastic fiber.",
"An elastic fiber is going to be something that has memory, drape, and can stretch when you wet it other wise known as blocking. Different breeds of wool are going to have varying amounts of memory and stretch, which is closely related to the crimp of the fiber. To give you an idea of how commercial yarn is generated, Colonial wool is made when mills buy up lots (like an auction) of wool fiber from various farmers and mix it all together to make yarn. The quality of the wool (which can affect yarn memory) will vary by season according to the animal’s health, age, and even the elements. So the generic wool you buy one year may have different stretching qualities than the next!",
"Even with elastic fibers, there is no guarantee that you will use the same amount of yardage using the same starting conditions! Why? Gauge is certainly one issue, but so is twist. The yarn on the left has a tight twist, which makes it harder wearing. The amount of twist compared to the yarn on the right is quite firm and tight, with more twists per inch. The yarn on the right has a looser twist, which means it’s going to drape more, be softer, and sometimes a looser twisted yarn will pill when shorter fibers work themselves out of the yarn. You’ve probably seen this with cashmere (a very short fiber) and you definitely see pilling in a single ply yarn that undergoes friction where twist isn’t locking the fibers into place. A tighter twisted yarn is denser, so by weight you will require more of it to complete a project than you will a loosely twisted yarn. Hand spun yarns are also denser than commercial spun because they are made by human hands, not a machine. Hand spun yarns also usually require more yardage by weight than a commercial spun yarn to complete a project.",
"So what now? Well, measuring gauge is a good place to start. Specifically if you are knitting to fit. If you are using 2000 yards to knit a sweater, it’d be a good idea to measure your gauge first so that you don’t have a rude awakening after your sweater has hit the water and is too large or too small after approximately 10,000 hours of knitting time.",
"To measure gauge, you need to knit a generously sized swatch. Wash it the way you intend on washing the finished project, and allow it to dry before measuring. I really like the way Faina Goberstein addresses gauge swatches in her Craftsy Class on Sizing Knitwear Patterns.",
"What do you do if your gauge swatch is too small? Rework your gauge swatch a second time on a larger needle. Repeat as necessary.",
"What do you do if your gauge swatch is too large? Rework your gauge swatch a second time on a smaller needle. Repeat as necessary.",
"What do you do if your Row gauge has too many rows? Your yarn is too skinny, consider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project will use up more yardage.",
"What do you do if your Row gauge has too few rows? Your yarn is too fat (I know, I know), consider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project could use up more yardage.",
"What if your gauge changes mid project? Elizabeth Zimmermann addressed it best in Knitting without Tears. To summarize, she had a special project set aside for when she was angry and needed to knit. You see even, emotional outlook can change your gauge! And if gauge switching can happen to Elizabeth, it can happen to any of us! So stay aware of your needles and be present in the moment to stay “in gauge.”",
"I really like what Robin Hunter says about Row gauge in her post on How to Become a Professional Knitter called Beware of Sound Bites. In fact, have a look through all of Robin’s informational posts, I think you’ll learn a lot about yarn, knitting, and the yarn industry in general.",
"Well now that you’ve been educated on Swatching and Yarn content while substituting yarns I’ll give you some hope on what you can do when the worst happens and you have run out of yarn! There are some great tips in my article What to do when you think you might run out of yarn and I’d like to add one more. If you’re down to the last few stitches on a knit on edge and you run out of yarn there are two additional options, you can simply finish up with a closely matching yarn you have in your stash, or if you are an advanced knitter, you may consider simply grafting the edge stitches with the live main body stitches.",
"I have found that the most beautiful projects come about when something unexpected happens and I have to shift gears mid stream to come up with a new plan for finishing. Some of my absolutely favorite shawls knit from my patterns have a knit on edge knit using a different, contrasting yarn. It really makes that bold edge “pop” in a new and eye catching way.",
"What it boils down to is we knit for different reasons. To give something hand made with love to a dear friend, to clothe a new baby, to adorn a bride, to find the perfect fitting sweater, to enjoy color, to enjoy the process, and to actively create something wonderful in our lives. I hope you enjoy the process and embrace the humanness of the act. We aren’t perfect and don’t produce or create the same way that machines do, and that’s part of beauty of knitting.",
"More from the Author Please enjoy Gauge Part I, How to Knit a Gauge Swatch here and Gauge Part II, How one project knit by knitters equals two FOs here. Michelle has written over 120 Knitting Designs, published a Book (with more to follow), and at the time of publishing sells her work in 76 shops across the US in 28 states, and in three countries. For a comprehensive list of retailers click here. Michelle has an educational background in Physics, works as a knitting designer, and is a wife and parent to two children. She recently adopted her nephew who is disabled and spends her time knitting, writing, and learning to parent a special needs child after the loss of her sister and brother in law in 2011.",
"I’m a huge fan of the “buy extra yarn” method. It has never failed me! Or other knitters who make use of my leftover yarn.",
"And your post reminded me of the simple ribbed socks I knit when I was apartment hunting & moving 2 years ago. They are awfully small and tight, more so than the socks I knit with the same yarn months earlier. No, I was not at all stressed, why do you ask?",
"All graphics, patterns, text, and content on this site are the sole property of Michelle Miller Copyright (c) 2004-2014 Michelle Miller"
]
},
"parsed_md": "On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by\nMichelle Miller |\n\nSkip to content\n\n * Home\n * Blog\n * Book\n * Book 2\n * Errata\n * Gallery\n * Retailers\n * SHOP\n * Shows in 2013-14\n * Wholesale\n * About Us\n\n← What’s New With Fickle Knitter Design 9-13-12\n\nFickle Knitter at the 2012 Oregon Flock and Fiber Festival →\n\n# On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project\nby Michelle Miller\n\nPosted on September 20, 2012 by Michelle\n\nOn Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your Knitting Project by\nMichelle Miller\n\nIf you are working on a special project and are concerned that you might run\nout of yarn there are a few things you can to do safe guard against it. The\nfirst thing you can do is buy extra yarn. Many places have a friendly return\npolicy or will hold a skein aside for you in the event that you need it. If\nyou have a deadline and very special knitting to do like a wedding or baptism\nknitting project it’s best to buy extra yarn and sell it or trade it if you\ndon’t end up using it. Always ensure that you have set aside enough yarn for\nyour project. It will save you a lot of heartache, frustration, time and money\nto plan ahead.\n\nRecently I have added a disclaimer that I’ve added to my patterns on ravelry.\nIt states:\n\nYarn substitution may result in a change in estimated yardage, gauge and\nfinished size of your individual project.\n\nWhy did I add that? Because we’re all human, no one is perfect and no two\npeople are exactly alike. Each and every person knits a different way. I even\ndiscovered that two people, using the same pattern, yarn, and knitting needles\ncan create a knitted sample where one uses 80 yards more than the other!\n\nGauge is fluid. It’s like reading mile markers on the highway. It helps guide\nyou in the right direction toward completing a knitting project favorably but\nthere are a number of factors that can change your gauge, and specifically how\nmuch yardage is used in your project.\n\nThe first thing you can do to avoid running out of yarn is use the yarn\nspecified in the pattern. If you don’t want to do that or it’s not practical\nto do so, it is perfectly fine to substitute yarn in your knitting project.\nHowever, you should educate yourself on HOW to substitute a yarn. For example,\nan inelastic yarn will take up much more yardage than an elastic yarn. And\nthis includes yarns that have only a percentage of inelastic yarn mixed with\nelastic fiber! If the yarn specified in the pattern calls for 100% wool and\nyou use 90% wool and 10% alpaca, and your gauge is perfect, you will still\nneed more yarn! Why? Inelastic yarns do not stretch like wool. And if the yarn\ndoes not stretch, you will not be able to block it to the same size as a\nproject made with wool.\n\nThis is not a comprehensive list, but some examples of inelastic fibers\ninclude all the cellulose fibers such as Silk, Linen, and Hemp. Alpaca falls\ninto the category as well as tencel, bamboo, cotton and rayon. Basically any\nfiber that does not have “give” or stretch will fall into the heading of an\ninelastic fiber.\n\nAn elastic fiber is going to be something that has memory, drape, and can\nstretch when you wet it other wise known as blocking. Different breeds of wool\nare going to have varying amounts of memory and stretch, which is closely\nrelated to the crimp of the fiber. To give you an idea of how commercial yarn\nis generated, Colonial wool is made when mills buy up lots (like an auction)\nof wool fiber from various farmers and mix it all together to make yarn. The\nquality of the wool (which can affect yarn memory) will vary by season\naccording to the animal’s health, age, and even the elements. So the generic\nwool you buy one year may have different stretching qualities than the next!\n\nEven with elastic fibers, there is no guarantee that you will use the same\namount of yardage using the same starting conditions! Why? Gauge is certainly\none issue, but so is twist. The yarn on the left has a tight twist, which\nmakes it harder wearing. The amount of twist compared to the yarn on the right\nis quite firm and tight, with more twists per inch. The yarn on the right has\na looser twist, which means it’s going to drape more, be softer, and sometimes\na looser twisted yarn will pill when shorter fibers work themselves out of the\nyarn. You’ve probably seen this with cashmere (a very short fiber) and you\ndefinitely see pilling in a single ply yarn that undergoes friction where\ntwist isn’t locking the fibers into place. A tighter twisted yarn is denser,\nso by weight you will require more of it to complete a project than you will a\nloosely twisted yarn. Hand spun yarns are also denser than commercial spun\nbecause they are made by human hands, not a machine. Hand spun yarns also\nusually require more yardage by weight than a commercial spun yarn to complete\na project.\n\nSo what now? Well, measuring gauge is a good place to start. Specifically if\nyou are knitting to fit. If you are using 2000 yards to knit a sweater, it’d\nbe a good idea to measure your gauge first so that you don’t have a rude\nawakening after your sweater has hit the water and is too large or too small\nafter approximately 10,000 hours of knitting time.\n\nTo measure gauge, you need to knit a generously sized swatch. Wash it the way\nyou intend on washing the finished project, and allow it to dry before\nmeasuring. I really like the way Faina Goberstein addresses gauge swatches in\nher Craftsy Class on Sizing Knitwear Patterns.\n\nAlso I’ve written an article about how to knit a gauge swatch which you can\nread here.\n\n## Gauge Swatch 101\n\nWhat do you do if your gauge swatch is too small? Rework your gauge swatch a\nsecond time on a larger needle. Repeat as necessary.\n\nWhat do you do if your gauge swatch is too large? Rework your gauge swatch a\nsecond time on a smaller needle. Repeat as necessary.\n\nWhat do you do if your Row gauge has too many rows? Your yarn is too skinny,\nconsider working the project with a different yarn or accept that the project\nwill use up more yardage.\n\nWhat do you do if your Row gauge has too few rows? Your yarn is too fat (I\nknow, I know), consider working the project with a different yarn or accept\nthat the project could use up more yardage.\n\nWhat if your gauge changes mid project? Elizabeth Zimmermann addressed it best\nin Knitting without Tears. To summarize, she had a special project set aside\nfor when she was angry and needed to knit. You see even, emotional outlook can\nchange your gauge! And if gauge switching can happen to Elizabeth, it can\nhappen to any of us! So stay aware of your needles and be present in the\nmoment to stay “in gauge.”\n\nI really like what Robin Hunter says about Row gauge in her post on How to\nBecome a Professional Knitter called Beware of Sound Bites. In fact, have a\nlook through all of Robin’s informational posts, I think you’ll learn a lot\nabout yarn, knitting, and the yarn industry in general.\n\nWell now that you’ve been educated on Swatching and Yarn content while\nsubstituting yarns I’ll give you some hope on what you can do when the worst\nhappens and you have run out of yarn! There are some great tips in my article\nWhat to do when you think you might run out of yarn and I’d like to add one\nmore. If you’re down to the last few stitches on a knit on edge and you run\nout of yarn there are two additional options, you can simply finish up with a\nclosely matching yarn you have in your stash, or if you are an advanced\nknitter, you may consider simply grafting the edge stitches with the live main\nbody stitches.\n\nI have found that the most beautiful projects come about when something\nunexpected happens and I have to shift gears mid stream to come up with a new\nplan for finishing. Some of my absolutely favorite shawls knit from my\npatterns have a knit on edge knit using a different, contrasting yarn. It\nreally makes that bold edge “pop” in a new and eye catching way.\n\nWhat it boils down to is we knit for different reasons. To give something hand\nmade with love to a dear friend, to clothe a new baby, to adorn a bride, to\nfind the perfect fitting sweater, to enjoy color, to enjoy the process, and to\nactively create something wonderful in our lives. I hope you enjoy the process\nand embrace the humanness of the act. We aren’t perfect and don’t produce or\ncreate the same way that machines do, and that’s part of beauty of knitting.\n\nMore from the Author Please enjoy Gauge Part I, How to Knit a Gauge Swatch\nhere and Gauge Part II, How one project knit by knitters equals two FOs here.\nMichelle has written over 120 Knitting Designs, published a Book (with more to\nfollow), and at the time of publishing sells her work in 76 shops across the\nUS in 28 states, and in three countries. For a comprehensive list of retailers\nclick here. Michelle has an educational background in Physics, works as a\nknitting designer, and is a wife and parent to two children. She recently\nadopted her nephew who is disabled and spends her time knitting, writing, and\nlearning to parent a special needs child after the loss of her sister and\nbrother in law in 2011.\n\nMore Reading on Gauge How to Knit a Gauge Swatch Gauge, A Story What to do\nwhen you think you might run out of yarn How to Calculate Hat Math How\nto–Different Hat Sizes\n\nAdditional Resources Alden Amos Big Book of Handspinning Clara Parkes’ The\nKnitter’s Book of Wool The Intentional Spinner by Judith Mackenzie McCuin\n\n## About Michelle\n\nKnitting Tin Hats since 2004.\n\nView all posts by Michelle →\n\nThis entry was posted in Uncategorized. Bookmark the permalink.\n\n← What’s New With Fickle Knitter Design 9-13-12\n\nFickle Knitter at the 2012 Oregon Flock and Fiber Festival →\n\n### One Response to On Gauge Part III, Ensuring you have enough yarn for your\nKnitting Project by Michelle Miller\n\n 1. Kath says:\n\nSeptember 20, 2012 at 9:42 pm\n\nI’m a huge fan of the “buy extra yarn” method. It has never failed me! Or\nother knitters who make use of my leftover yarn.\n\nAnd your post reminded me of the simple ribbed socks I knit when I was\napartment hunting & moving 2 years ago. They are awfully small and tight, more\nso than the socks I knit with the same yarn months earlier. No, I was not at\nall stressed, why do you ask?\n\nComments are closed.\n\n * ### Subscribe\n\nSubscribe in a reader\n\n * ### Knitting Patterns\n\nAll Knitting Patterns One Skein Lace Knitting Patterns Women’s Knitting\nPatterns Knitting Patterns for Baby Eco Knitting Patterns Cowl Knitting\nPatterns Hat Knitting Patterns Scarf Knitting Patterns Knitting Pattern\nCollections Sweater Knitting Patterns\n\n * ### Fine Retailers\n\nClick here for a full list of Shops\n\n * ### Fickle Knitter Interviews\n\nYarny Interviews\n\n * ### How To Articles\n\nPlan enough Yarn for your Project How To use JKnit How To Knit On Edgings How\nTo Design on a Budget What to do if You Run out of Yarn FKD Photography Then\nand Now Why Knitting Isn't Free How To Knit a Gauge Swatch How To Knit with\nBeads Gauge, A Story Submit to Knit Picks IDP 7 Ways to be a Great Test\nKnitter How to Create Lace Motifs Lace Triangle Construction How to Insert\nLace Motifs How to--Short Rows for Shawls How To Block Shawls Knitting with\nhandspun How to Calculate Hat Math How to--Different Hat Sizes Knit your own\nTin Hat The Tu-Tutorial How To Use Stitch Markers\n\n * ### On Parenting Children with Disabilities\n\nDmitri Speaks Dmitri's Advancements Two Year Anniversary Lily of the Valley\nFear Becoming the Parent of a Disabled Child July Dmitri Update Dmitri Then\nand Now Memorial Day Dmitri's Wheel Chair Stealing Adventure Dmitri's First\nChristmas with his new Family Coping with Loss Bringing Dmitri Home Still in\nVirginia Losing Dmitri's Dad Dealing with Cancer and Living Out of State\nVirginia and Not Portland Miriam's Journal-On Death Coping Losing Dmitri's Mom\n\n * ### Fickle Knitter, Interviewed\n\nInterview with Fiber Story TV Noble Knits Interview Robin Hunter Interview\nBloom Magazine Interview\n\n * ### Search Fickle Knitter\n\n * All graphics, patterns, text, and content on this site are the sole property of Michelle Miller Copyright (c) 2004-2014 Michelle Miller\n\nProudly powered by WordPress.\n\n"
},
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"title": "Choosing a Yarn for Knitting & Crochet",
"passages": [
"At the heart of both knitting and crocheting, there is fiber. Your projects are made entirely out of fibers, so it makes sense they are the most important aspect of your work. What makes certain fibers more appealing to work with than others? Is there a secret to choosing a yarn for certain knitting and crocheting projects? Below we examine some of the most prevalent fibers in commercially available yarns. I'll explain some of the characteristics of the different kinds of yarn, how they work up, and the fabrics they create.",
"Learn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make savvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »",
"Below are three popular animal fibers. They are used in many yarns, alone and/or combined with other fibers. Animal fibers are generally very warm, yet lightweight, and are great choices for garments and cold weather accessories.",
"Wool comes in a great assortment of colors and styles from a variety of sources (there are many breeds of sheep!). The texture of the yarn is primarily affected by the source of the wool. It is an easy fiber to work with and creates a great fabric for garments and accessories. Its natural elasticity helps it to retain its shape when worn.",
"The fibers have microscopic barbs that like to stick to each other, so wool is prone to yarn felting when wet and agitated. It is a water-loving fiber and will absorb moisture readily. This gives it the great feature of wicking away moisture from skin, keeping its wearer dry.",
"You can knit and crochet easily with wool. Working with the suggested needles/hooks to get the specified gauge is always recommended. If you desire fabrics with more drape and flexibility, increasing needle/hook size is a good idea.",
"For a more detailed look at the different properties of different wools, see our post on types of wool for knitting and crochet.",
"There are two types of alpaca yarns. The softer, silkier alpaca fiber is Suri. The more wool-like fiber is Huacaya. It is more suitable for knitting than Suri and a great alternative to sheep wool. It lacks lanolin, so it is hypoallergenic, and a good choice for knitted baby garments. The fiber creates a very soft and warm fabric that is less likely to felt when laundered.",
"Alpaca fiber is often combined with other fibers in yarns. It lends its warmth and strength to other fibers like silk or even plant-based fibers like viscose.",
"Cashmere is a luxury fiber from the cashmere goat. It is insulating and very, very soft. When worked at a normal gauge, the fabric created is perfect for scarves, shawls or even sweaters. It has a lightweight and silky drape. While readily available and easy to find, this fine fiber can be a bit pricey for the casual crafter.",
"Plant-based fibers tend to be less elastic than animal fibers, but they are often stronger and more durable. They also retain less heat, so are more desirable in the spring and summer.",
"There are a variety of cotton yarns on the market. There are also several different types of cotton yarn. It is generally a lightweight fiber that is great for warm weather projects. It is breathable, yet strong enough to withstand many washes, which will actually soften the yarn.",
"Stitch definition with cotton is superb! Some finer cottons produce a drape comparable to even the silkiest of wools, but in general, cotton is very inelastic and likely to stretch and sag, a problem exacerbated by its ability to hold water so well.",
"It would take me a long time to go through all of the fibers available for you to knit and crochet with. For much more detailed information about fibers and how fiber choice affects your projects, I implore you to check out Clara Parkes' new class: Know Your Yarn: Choose the Perfect Yarn Every Time. She goes beyond the fibers mentioned here and even talks about synthetic fibers, which are probably the most easily accessible yarns. There is also discussion about ply, which is extremely important when choosing yarn.",
"I'm a wool gal, myself. I have been using it for hats for my children since they were babies and I love how soft they got through out the seasons.",
"Learn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make savvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »",
"I am kind of uncertain when it comes to wool. The wool products I have come across so far are very scratchy to me. I can’t stand contact with them for more than 5 minutes, if that long. Is there a way to make the yarn softer? Or should I just avoid wool?",
"Have you tried Merino wool? I can’t stand most wools around my neck or anywhere else near my face, but Merino works well.",
"Learn from the world's best crocheting instructors when you join Craftsy now. Plus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Choosing a Yarn for Knitting & Crochet\n\n 1. Join or Sign In\n 2. 1. My Craftsy\n 2. My Settings\n 3. My Wishlist\n 4. My Order History\n 5. Sign Out\n\nJoin or Sign In\n\n 1. Online Classes\n\n 1. Sewing & Quilting »\n 2. Sewing\n 3. Quilting\n 4. Embroidery\n 5. Cake & Cooking »\n 6. Cake Decorating\n 7. Food & Cooking\n 8. Yarn & Fiber Arts »\n 9. Knitting\n 10. Crocheting\n 11. Spinning\n 12. Weaving\n 1. Art & Photo »\n 2. Drawing\n 3. Painting\n 4. Photography\n 5. Home & Garden »\n 6. Woodworking\n 7. Gardening\n 8. More »\n 9. Jewelry\n 10. Paper Crafts\n\n 2. Kits\n\n 1. Category\n 2. Quilting\n 3. Sewing\n 4. Knitting\n 5. Crocheting\n 1. Popular Projects\n 2. Quilts\n 3. Neckwear\n 4. Mittens & Gloves\n 5. Hats\n 6. Dresses\n\n 3. Supplies\n\n 1. Popular Items\n 2. Quilting Fabric\n 3. Sewing Fabric\n 4. Sewing Patterns\n 5. Yarn\n 6. Paper Crafts\n 7. Art Supplies\n 8. Cake Decorating\n 9. Tools & Notions\n 1. Popular Brands\n 2. Moda Fabric\n 3. Robert Kaufman Fabric\n 4. RJR Fabric\n 5. Cascade Yarn\n 6. Artyarns Yarn\n 7. Madelinetosh Yarn\n\n 1. Patterns\n 2. Projects\n 3. Blog\n\nDownload the Craftsy App\n\nMy Craftsy | Sign out\n\nBlog Home » Crocheting Blog » Fiber Forever! A Discussion About the Fibers in\nOur Yarns\n\n# Fiber Forever! A Discussion About the Fibers in Our Yarns\n\nPosted by Lisa Gutierrez // Apr 27, 2014\n\nAt the heart of both knitting and crocheting, there is fiber. Your projects\nare made entirely out of fibers, so it makes sense they are the most important\naspect of your work. What makes certain fibers more appealing to work with\nthan others? Is there a secret to choosing a yarn for certain knitting and\ncrocheting projects? Below we examine some of the most prevalent fibers in\ncommercially available yarns. I'll explain some of the characteristics of the\ndifferent kinds of yarn, how they work up, and the fabrics they create.\n\n## FREE Guide! Choose and Use the Right Yarn\n\nLearn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make\nsavvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\n\n## Animal fibers\n\nBelow are three popular animal fibers. They are used in many yarns, alone\nand/or combined with other fibers. Animal fibers are generally very warm, yet\nlightweight, and are great choices for garments and cold weather accessories.\n\n#### WOOL\n\n(I'm talking about sheep's wool!)\n\nWool comes in a great assortment of colors and styles from a variety of\nsources (there are many breeds of sheep!). The texture of the yarn is\nprimarily affected by the source of the wool. It is an easy fiber to work with\nand creates a great fabric for garments and accessories. Its natural\nelasticity helps it to retain its shape when worn.\n\nThe fibers have microscopic barbs that like to stick to each other, so wool is\nprone to yarn felting when wet and agitated. It is a water-loving fiber and\nwill absorb moisture readily. This gives it the great feature of wicking away\nmoisture from skin, keeping its wearer dry.\n\nYou can knit and crochet easily with wool. Working with the suggested\nneedles/hooks to get the specified gauge is always recommended. If you desire\nfabrics with more drape and flexibility, increasing needle/hook size is a good\nidea.\n\nFor a more detailed look at the different properties of different wools, see\nour post on types of wool for knitting and crochet.\n\n#### ALPACA\n\nThere are two types of alpaca yarns. The softer, silkier alpaca fiber is Suri.\nThe more wool-like fiber is Huacaya. It is more suitable for knitting than\nSuri and a great alternative to sheep wool. It lacks lanolin, so it is\nhypoallergenic, and a good choice for knitted baby garments. The fiber creates\na very soft and warm fabric that is less likely to felt when laundered.\n\nAlpaca fiber is often combined with other fibers in yarns. It lends its warmth\nand strength to other fibers like silk or even plant-based fibers like\nviscose.\n\n#### CASHMERE\n\nCashmere is a luxury fiber from the cashmere goat. It is insulating and very,\nvery soft. When worked at a normal gauge, the fabric created is perfect for\nscarves, shawls or even sweaters. It has a lightweight and silky drape. While\nreadily available and easy to find, this fine fiber can be a bit pricey for\nthe casual crafter.\n\n## Plant-based fibers\n\nPlant-based fibers tend to be less elastic than animal fibers, but they are\noften stronger and more durable. They also retain less heat, so are more\ndesirable in the spring and summer.\n\n#### COTTON\n\nThere are a variety of cotton yarns on the market. There are also several\ndifferent types of cotton yarn. It is generally a lightweight fiber that is\ngreat for warm weather projects. It is breathable, yet strong enough to\nwithstand many washes, which will actually soften the yarn.\n\nStitch definition with cotton is superb! Some finer cottons produce a drape\ncomparable to even the silkiest of wools, but in general, cotton is very\ninelastic and likely to stretch and sag, a problem exacerbated by its ability\nto hold water so well.\n\nCotton is great for knitting and crocheting things for the home. Finer cottons\nare suggested for garments and accessories.\n\n## Further Fiber Exploration\n\nIt would take me a long time to go through all of the fibers available for you\nto knit and crochet with. For much more detailed information about fibers and\nhow fiber choice affects your projects, I implore you to check out Clara\nParkes' new class: Know Your Yarn: Choose the Perfect Yarn Every Time. She\ngoes beyond the fibers mentioned here and even talks about synthetic fibers,\nwhich are probably the most easily accessible yarns. There is also discussion\nabout ply, which is extremely important when choosing yarn.\n\nI'm a wool gal, myself. I have been using it for hats for my children since\nthey were babies and I love how soft they got through out the seasons.\n\n## FREE Guide! Choose and Use the Right Yarn\n\nLearn everything you need to know about yarn weights and fiber types to make\nsavvy selections and achieve superb stitches.Get My FREE Guide »\n\n### What are your favorite fibers?\n\n### Related Posts\n\n * Prep for Holiday Parties With 7 Giftable FREE Patterns\n * We See a Fabulous Fiber Prize in Your Future\n * You’ve GOT to See Our #KickStartChristmas Finalists! Vote For Your Favorite Today\n * You’ve Got Great Ideas, We’ve Got the Best Hacks to Help!\n * Yarn Bombing 101: How to Yarn Bomb in 5 Steps\n\n### 2 Comments\n\nKathy Jul 23, 2015\n\nI am kind of uncertain when it comes to wool. The wool products I have come\nacross so far are very scratchy to me. I can’t stand contact with them for\nmore than 5 minutes, if that long. Is there a way to make the yarn softer? Or\nshould I just avoid wool?\n\nReply\n\nJaden Sep 21, 2015\n\nHave you tried Merino wool? I can’t stand most wools around my neck or\nanywhere else near my face, but Merino works well.\n\nReply\n\n### Leave a Reply Cancel reply\n\n### Select your interest\n\n#### Subscribe & Join Craftsy\n\nLearn from the world's best crocheting instructors when you join Craftsy now.\nPlus, enjoy free tutorials, giveaways & much more!\n\n#### Get Tutorials, Tips & More\n\nBe the first to enjoy new crocheting tutorials, resources, contests, giveaways\n& much more. It's free!\n\nSubscribe Now »\n\n#### Success!\n\nCheck your inbox for a subscription activation email to enjoy all the perks of\nbeing a Craftsy blog buddy.\n\n#### TOPICS\n\n * Amigurumi\n * Garments\n * Techniques\n * Lace Making\n\n#### FOLLOW US\n\nGet help or contact us\n\n### About Craftsy\n\n * Blog\n * Careers\n * About Us\n * Craftsy Cares\n * Our Affiliate Program\n\n### Discover\n\n * Quilting\n * Cake Decorating\n * Knitting\n * Sewing\n * Mobile Apps\n * Sitemap\n\n### Elsewhere\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Pinterest\n * Youtube\n * Google+\n\nTake Craftsy with you!\n\nCraftsy Apps for iOS and Android. Read more »\n\n©2015 Craftsy and Sympoz Inc.Terms of UsePrivacy Policy\n\n"
}
] |
2,896,799 | How To Make It in Hollywood | If you’re trying to make it in Hollywood, start by getting an agent so you’ll be taken seriously. Take every opportunity to network, even if it means going to parties where you don’t know many people. At the same time, take every gig you can get. It’s okay to clean bathrooms on a set, just try to meet everybody, and see if you like the environment! When you do get a real job, put in the work. Memorize your lines until they're perfect! Finally, be patient as you work your way up since success takes time. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170302022655/http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20171015045221/http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417020138/https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20180717193604/http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20210417194215/https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/"
] | train | 298 | [
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"original_url": "http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170302022655/http://humor.about.com/od/bestofthebest/tp/5-Stars-Who-Were-Discovered-By-The-Internet.htm",
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"title": "6 Stars Who Were Discovered By The Internet",
"passages": [
"Once upon a time, young actors or singers found fame the old fashioned way; by moving to Hollywood, going to auditions while waiting tables to get by, and praying they’d be \"discovered.\" These days fame could be just a few clicks away, as evidenced by the following six superstars who all got their start on YouTube, blogs, and through viral word of mouth.",
"Here are some of the most famous people to have been discovered by the good people of the interweb. Celebrities: They're just like us! Okay, not really (or at all), but still. It's pretty cool to think that you could get discovered simply by posting a funny Vine video or \"accidentally\" leaking your sex tape. What a time to be alive!",
"America first \"met\" reality star Kim Kardashian when we’d see her in the tabloids, tagging along with socialite Paris Hilton in the early 2000s, but she didn’t become really famous until her sex tape with R&B singer Ray J hit the web in 2007. After clips from the video were leaked online, Kardashian became a household name and earned herself a well-received reality show on E!. Now that she's married to Kanye West she has officially become one of the most well known (and most frequently memed) celebrities of all time.",
"Kate Upton was a working model whose own agency, IMB, worried that she \"wasn't fashion enough\" by fashion house standards, until a friend uploaded a video that went viral. In the video, Upton does a bouncy chair dance version of \"The Dougie\" dance at an L.A. Clippers game (with an emphasis on \"bouncy.\")",
"Kate is now famous enough to get bad Photoshop hack jobs all the time. Remember this Harper's Bazaar cover? Ouch.",
"Since Justin Bieber is such a mega-star, many people don’t realize that he got his start in Ontario, Canada, by uploading videos to YouTube of himself performing R&B songs. Seven months and ten thousand views later, Bieber attracted the attention of his future manager, Scooter Braun, who got him his first record deal. At age 13, Bieber signed a contract with R&B singer Usher’s label, and to date, Bieber has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.",
"Canadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen had already made a name for herself in her own country, but she didn't become an international superstar until a YouTube video of herself performing her big hit, “Call Me Maybe” was noticed by fellow Canadian singer, Justin Bieber. Bieber tweeted about the song to his millions of fans, and next thing you know, the song exploded on the U.S. Pop charts and became the official ear worm of 2012.",
"Comedian Bo Burnham was just sixteen years-old when he started making videos of his unique brand of comedy and uploading them to YouTube. Burnham, who is famous for his politically incorrect original songs and jokes involving race, religion, and other taboo subject matter, achieved fame fast and early thanks, in part, to comedy site Break. After his YouTube videos surpassed 70 million views, Burnham got an agent and started performing at festival and comedy clubs. Comedy Central signed Burnham for a full length special just days after his 18th birthday, making him the youngest comedian to ever achieve that honor.",
"Last but not least, It's hard to even imagine a world without Grumpy Cat! Sure, she's not a human celebrity, but considering the fact that she's got a movie, a website, a large fan following, and lots and lots of merchandise getting sold every day, she's definitely a superstar none the less. You can read all about the infamous feline's rise to fame from web meme to movie star here.",
"Let's not forget that Grumpy Cat is also the crown jewel of the 10 Most Famous Cats on the Internet.",
"Everything is fake and nothing is real! Remember that next time you feel inadequate thanks to an airbrushed photo of a beautiful celebrity."
]
},
"parsed_md": "6 Stars Who Were Discovered By The Internet\n\n * About.com\n * Autos\n * Careers\n * Dating & Relationships\n * Education\n * en Español\n * Entertainment\n * Food\n * Health\n * Home\n * Money\n * News & Issues\n * Parenting\n * Religion & Spirituality\n * Sports\n * Style\n * Tech\n * Travel\n\n * 1\n\n6 Stars You Didn't Know Were Discovered By The ...\n\n * 2\n\n5 Of The Most Famous Cats On The Internet\n\n * 3\n\n10 of the Most Viewed Funny Videos on YouTube\n\n * 4\n\n5 Cute Kids Who Became 'Internet Famous' In 201...\n\n * 5\n\nThe Top 20 Funny Viral Videos of All Time\n\n * About.com\n * About Entertainment\n * Web Humor\n\n# 6 Stars You Didn't Know Were Discovered By The Internet\n\nThese six superstars all have the Internet to thank for their fame.\n\nShare\n\nPin\n\nTweet\n\nSubmit\n\nStumble\n\nPost\n\nShare\n\nBy Beverly Jenkins\n\nWeb Humor Expert\n\nBy Beverly Jenkins\n\nUpdated August 30, 2016.\n\nOnce upon a time, young actors or singers found fame the old fashioned way; by\nmoving to Hollywood, going to auditions while waiting tables to get by, and\npraying they’d be \"discovered.\" These days fame could be just a few clicks\naway, as evidenced by the following six superstars who all got their start on\nYouTube, blogs, and through viral word of mouth.\n\nHere are some of the most famous people to have been discovered by the good\npeople of the interweb. Celebrities: They're just like us! Okay, not really\n(or at all), but still. It's pretty cool to think that you could get\ndiscovered simply by posting a funny Vine video or \"accidentally\" leaking your\nsex tape. What a time to be alive!\n\nVia Mashable.\n\n### 1\\. Kim Kardashian\n\nAmerica first \"met\" reality star Kim Kardashian when we’d see her in the\ntabloids, tagging along with socialite Paris Hilton in the early 2000s, but\nshe didn’t become really famous until her sex tape with R&B singer Ray J hit\nthe web in 2007. After clips from the video were leaked online, Kardashian\nbecame a household name and earned herself a well-received reality show on E!.\nNow that she's married to Kanye West she has officially become one of the most\nwell known (and most frequently memed) celebrities of all time.\n\nShe's also rather infamous for Photoshopping her social media images, but\nthat's none of my business.\n\ncontinue reading below our video\n\n5 Classic Novels Everyone Should Read\n\nVia Harper's Bazaar.\n\n### 2\\. Kate Upton\n\nKate Upton was a working model whose own agency, IMB, worried that she \"wasn't\nfashion enough\" by fashion house standards, until a friend uploaded a video\nthat went viral. In the video, Upton does a bouncy chair dance version of \"The\nDougie\" dance at an L.A. Clippers game (with an emphasis on \"bouncy.\")\n\nKate is now famous enough to get bad Photoshop hack jobs all the time.\nRemember this Harper's Bazaar cover? Ouch.\n\nCourtesy: People.com\n\n### 3\\. Justin Bieber\n\nSince Justin Bieber is such a mega-star, many people don’t realize that he got\nhis start in Ontario, Canada, by uploading videos to YouTube of himself\nperforming R&B songs. Seven months and ten thousand views later, Bieber\nattracted the attention of his future manager, Scooter Braun, who got him his\nfirst record deal. At age 13, Bieber signed a contract with R&B singer Usher’s\nlabel, and to date, Bieber has sold more than 15 million albums worldwide.\n\nCourtesy: Twitter\n\n### 4\\. Carly Rae Jepsen\n\nCanadian singer Carly Rae Jepsen had already made a name for herself in her\nown country, but she didn't become an international superstar until a YouTube\nvideo of herself performing her big hit, “Call Me Maybe” was noticed by fellow\nCanadian singer, Justin Bieber. Bieber tweeted about the song to his millions\nof fans, and next thing you know, the song exploded on the U.S. Pop charts and\nbecame the official ear worm of 2012.\n\nCourtesy: EW.com\n\n### 5\\. Bo Burnham\n\nComedian Bo Burnham was just sixteen years-old when he started making videos\nof his unique brand of comedy and uploading them to YouTube. Burnham, who is\nfamous for his politically incorrect original songs and jokes involving race,\nreligion, and other taboo subject matter, achieved fame fast and early thanks,\nin part, to comedy site Break. After his YouTube videos surpassed 70 million\nviews, Burnham got an agent and started performing at festival and comedy\nclubs. Comedy Central signed Burnham for a full length special just days after\nhis 18th birthday, making him the youngest comedian to ever achieve that\nhonor.\n\nImage Courtesy: BuzzFeed.\n\n### 6\\. Grumpy Cat\n\nLast but not least, It's hard to even imagine a world without Grumpy Cat!\nSure, she's not a human celebrity, but considering the fact that she's got a\nmovie, a website, a large fan following, and lots and lots of merchandise\ngetting sold every day, she's definitely a superstar none the less. You can\nread all about the infamous feline's rise to fame from web meme to movie star\nhere.\n\nLet's not forget that Grumpy Cat is also the crown jewel of the 10 Most Famous\nCats on the Internet.\n\n### NEXT UP: 25 Of The WORST Celebrity Photoshop Fails Of All Time.\n\nEverything is fake and nothing is real! Remember that next time you feel\ninadequate thanks to an airbrushed photo of a beautiful celebrity.\n\nShow Full Article\n\n##### Related\n\n * Bo Burnham, the Internet's Biggest Comedian\n * 9 Kid Singers You Probably Didn't Know Were Discovered on YouTube\n * 10 of the Most Viewed Funny Videos on YouTube\n * 10 Musical Comedians Every Comedy Fan Must Hear\n\n##### More from the Web\n\nPowered By ZergNet\n\n##### Web Humor\n\nAbout Entertainment Follow us:\n\n##### We deliver. Get the best of About Entertainment in your inbox.\n\n##### Thanks, You're in!\n\n * Our Story\n * Advertise With Us\n * Site Map\n * Help\n\n * Write for About\n * Careers at About\n * Terms of Use & Policies\n\n© 2017 About, Inc. — All rights reserved.\n\nAlso from About.com: Verywell, The Balance, Lifewire & The Spruce\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20171015045221/http://hollywoodjournal.com/ha-ha-hollywood/10-foolproof-strategies-to-definitely-make-it-in-hollywood/20130320/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood",
"passages": [
"All the time young college students who don’t know any better are asking me, “Hey, Jessica, how do I make it in the entertainment industry? How can I get a job as a writer’s assistant like the one you used to have?” I’ve been incredibly fortunate to have a lot of help along the way on my career journey. It’s the least I can do to pay it forward and divulge my insider industry secrets.",
"As such, the following are my top ten pieces of advice for people who aspire to be more like me and waste their lives pursuing delusional pipe dreams:",
"1. BE NICE? – People are always complaining that everyone here is a jerk, so if you’re nice you’ll probably stand out. Standing out is good.",
"2. BE (OVERLY) CONFIDENT – There are too many other people trying to do this. Your chances of success are insanely small. There is a high likelihood that you will fail. As such, nurture your delusions. There will be an infinite amount of times you will want to give up and probably should give up, but don’t.",
"3. LOSE YOUR DIGNITY – Rejection is par for the course. Forget about concepts like “shame” or “respect”. If you can’t laugh at yourself and care too much about what everyone else thinks, you’re doomed. Judgment runs rampant in Hollywood so the sooner you can degrade yourself willingly and not let it bother you, the better.",
"4. DO A BAD JOB AT YOUR DATA ENTRY GIG – Instead of being productive at my old data entry job, I tweeted a lot of jokes. Those jokes helped me connect with a guy who happened to know one of the writers at Weeds. They were looking for a writer’s assistant. So don’t invest too much of your energy in soul- sucking endeavors when your heart is telling you to procrastinate and tweet a lot. (See #10)",
"5. DRINK A LOT – Networking is important. Everyone in Hollywood is a partier and will make grand promises of getting you an agent if you catch them at a time when they are wasted enough, which is most of the time. So develop your penchant for alcohol now.",
"6. NO ONE CARES ABOUT YOU – I know you aspire to one day be the host of The Joe Schmo Show, but bulldozing and sabotaging anyone you perceive as a threat to your own self-indulgent ego-fest isn’t a great idea. Accept that no one really cares about you right now, don’t worry about what everyone else is doing, and just do good work. Then maybe the fans will come organically.",
"7. FIND PEOPLE YOU ENJOY USING – The sooner you can find the people you want to collaborate with and genuinely support them in their dreams – the sooner you’ll find the ones who will come up with you to support your dreams. In a way you can think of it as developing friendships with people you like, that way when you both use each other it actually feels fun, enjoyable, and rewarding.",
"8. THE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY IS VERY IMPORTANT – This is really serious work that matters a lot, so definitely beat yourself up all the time if you don’t think you’re doing a good enough job and definitely don’t have any fun while you’re pursuing the thing you love. If you can be stressed out all the time and anxious about your performances, that will probably help get the creative juices flowing so that you can be a machine that cranks out scripts and books auditions.",
"9. DON’T LISTEN TO ANYONE – Everyone in Hollywood is crazy, so don’t listen to anyone. Everyone will have a million opinions and top ten pieces of advice to give you on how to make it, but no one really knows. Everyone’s path is different. There are dogs on YouTube more famous and successful than I am, so at the end of the day, you have to find the path that is right for you, and maybe no one has been down it before so you have to pave the way.",
"10. FOLLOW YOUR HEART, UGH – Despite all my previous sarcasm, this is something I truly believe. This is a tough career path. It’s unstable, unpredictable, nothing is guaranteed, and you will always wonder why that guy you’re clearly more talented than makes a bazillion dollars while you just wrapped a hot dog in a taco shell because you are too poor to eat. You have to do this because you love the process, you are passionate about your ideas, and you want to connect with others who care about the same things. This career can’t be about money or fame or prestige because even if you get those things, you will still be left with whomever you are inside, and you’ll realize that your jaunt down the red carpet didn’t fix your dad issues. Joan Rivers once said, “this isn’t a career, it’s a calling.” I believe it. If you have been called to the fine pursuit of struggling for years until you finally make a difference in our cultural zeitgeist, then ABSOLUTELY follow your heart and do nothing less than projects that excite and inspire you – because that’s the only reason to do any of this in the first place.",
"I hope that those even younger and less informed than I am find this helpful and inspiring. If you heed my advice, work hard, and are kind, amazing things will happen (pretty sure Conan never copyrighted that gem. Anyway, it’s something that I also thought of independently).",
"Jessica Cabot is a writer and comedian living in Los Angeles who has worked for such notable TV programs as Web Therapy, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno, Weeds, and Wilfred. She hopes to one day change and inspire the world with her comedy, or at least be roasted on Comedy Central. Jessica even co-hosts a monthly comedy show at Bar Lubitsch as an intergalactic super model, Lady Sodium. Other than that she shares a birthday with Gary Busey. Follow her on Twitter @jessicacabot",
"Tags: Film and TV business, Follow your dreams, Hollywood, Hollywood assistant, Jessica Cabot, Top 10 pieces of advice to break into Hollywood"
]
},
"parsed_md": "10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood - Hollywood\nJournal\n\n * Home\n * STORIES\n\n * BEST MEETING EVER\n * 1ST HOLLYWOOD JOB\n * HA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\n * HAPPILY EVER AFTER\n * HEART OF THE MATTER\n * HWOOD STREET TALK\n * HOLYWOOD\n * INDUSTRY IMPRESSIONS\n * MAKING A DIFFERENCE\n * PARENTHOOD TALES\n * PERSONAL JOURNEYS\n * PODCASTS\n\n * SOUL PODCAST\n * SOUL DILEMMA\n * VIDEO\n\n * Hollywood Drive & Talk\n * EXTRAS\n\n * AROUND THE WEB\n * SOUL QUOTE\n * CONTRIBUTORS\n * ABOUT US\n * CONTACT US\n * SUBSCRIBE\n * SUBMISSIONS\n\n### Recent Stories\n\n#### How to clean up your life one mess at a time\n\nMarch 17, 2015\n\n#### Why mind over matter wins in ‘Bite Size’ movie\n\nMarch 16, 2015\n\n#### If there’s an afterlife, Sam Simon has everyone laughing\n\nMarch 13, 2015\n\n#### Hanging with John 5 & The Creatures\n\nMarch 11, 2015\n\n#### The forgotten audience: An open letter to Hollywood\n\nMarch 10, 2015\n\nLoading\n\n### Archives\n\nHA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\n\nImage via Shutterstock\n\n * March 20, 2013\n * by Jessica Cabot\n * in HA-HA-HOLLYWOOD\n * Comments\n\n# 10 foolproof strategies to definitely, maybe make it in Hollywood\n\nby Jessica Cabot\n\nAll the time young college students who don’t know any better are asking me,\n“Hey, Jessica, how do I make it in the entertainment industry? How can I get a\njob as a writer’s assistant like the one you used to have?” I’ve been\nincredibly fortunate to have a lot of help along the way on my career journey.\nIt’s the least I can do to pay it forward and divulge my insider industry\nsecrets.\n\nAs such, the following are my top ten pieces of advice for people who aspire\nto be more like me and waste their lives pursuing delusional pipe dreams:\n\n1\\. BE NICE? – People are always complaining that everyone here is a jerk, so\nif you’re nice you’ll probably stand out. Standing out is good.\n\n2\\. BE (OVERLY) CONFIDENT – There are too many other people trying to do this.\nYour chances of success are insanely small. There is a high likelihood that\nyou will fail. As such, nurture your delusions. There will be an infinite\namount of times you will want to give up and probably should give up, but\ndon’t.\n\n3\\. LOSE YOUR DIGNITY – Rejection is par for the course. Forget about concepts\nlike “shame” or “respect”. If you can’t laugh at yourself and care too much\nabout what everyone else thinks, you’re doomed. Judgment runs rampant in\nHollywood so the sooner you can degrade yourself willingly and not let it\nbother you, the better.\n\n4\\. DO A BAD JOB AT YOUR DATA ENTRY GIG – Instead of being productive at my\nold data entry job, I tweeted a lot of jokes. Those jokes helped me connect\nwith a guy who happened to know one of the writers at Weeds. They were looking\nfor a writer’s assistant. So don’t invest too much of your energy in soul-\nsucking endeavors when your heart is telling you to procrastinate and tweet a\nlot. (See #10)\n\n5\\. DRINK A LOT – Networking is important. Everyone in Hollywood is a partier\nand will make grand promises of getting you an agent if you catch them at a\ntime when they are wasted enough, which is most of the time. So develop your\npenchant for alcohol now.\n\n6\\. NO ONE CARES ABOUT YOU – I know you aspire to one day be the host of The\nJoe Schmo Show, but bulldozing and sabotaging anyone you perceive as a threat\nto your own self-indulgent ego-fest isn’t a great idea. Accept that no one\nreally cares about you right now, don’t worry about what everyone else is\ndoing, and just do good work. Then maybe the fans will come organically.\n\n7\\. FIND PEOPLE YOU ENJOY USING – The sooner you can find the people you want\nto collaborate with and genuinely support them in their dreams – the sooner\nyou’ll find the ones who will come up with you to support your dreams. In a\nway you can think of it as developing friendships with people you like, that\nway when you both use each other it actually feels fun, enjoyable, and\nrewarding.\n\n8\\. THE ENTERTAINMENT INDUSTRY IS VERY IMPORTANT – This is really serious work\nthat matters a lot, so definitely beat yourself up all the time if you don’t\nthink you’re doing a good enough job and definitely don’t have any fun while\nyou’re pursuing the thing you love. If you can be stressed out all the time\nand anxious about your performances, that will probably help get the creative\njuices flowing so that you can be a machine that cranks out scripts and books\nauditions.\n\n9\\. DON’T LISTEN TO ANYONE – Everyone in Hollywood is crazy, so don’t listen\nto anyone. Everyone will have a million opinions and top ten pieces of advice\nto give you on how to make it, but no one really knows. Everyone’s path is\ndifferent. There are dogs on YouTube more famous and successful than I am, so\nat the end of the day, you have to find the path that is right for you, and\nmaybe no one has been down it before so you have to pave the way.\n\n10\\. FOLLOW YOUR HEART, UGH – Despite all my previous sarcasm, this is\nsomething I truly believe. This is a tough career path. It’s unstable,\nunpredictable, nothing is guaranteed, and you will always wonder why that guy\nyou’re clearly more talented than makes a bazillion dollars while you just\nwrapped a hot dog in a taco shell because you are too poor to eat. You have to\ndo this because you love the process, you are passionate about your ideas, and\nyou want to connect with others who care about the same things. This career\ncan’t be about money or fame or prestige because even if you get those things,\nyou will still be left with whomever you are inside, and you’ll realize that\nyour jaunt down the red carpet didn’t fix your dad issues. Joan Rivers once\nsaid, “this isn’t a career, it’s a calling.” I believe it. If you have been\ncalled to the fine pursuit of struggling for years until you finally make a\ndifference in our cultural zeitgeist, then ABSOLUTELY follow your heart and do\nnothing less than projects that excite and inspire you – because that’s the\nonly reason to do any of this in the first place.\n\nI hope that those even younger and less informed than I am find this helpful\nand inspiring. If you heed my advice, work hard, and are kind, amazing things\nwill happen (pretty sure Conan never copyrighted that gem. Anyway, it’s\nsomething that I also thought of independently).\n\n### About Jessica Cabot\n\nJessica Cabot is a writer and comedian living in Los Angeles who has worked\nfor such notable TV programs as Web Therapy, The Tonight Show with Jay Leno,\nWeeds, and Wilfred. She hopes to one day change and inspire the world with her\ncomedy, or at least be roasted on Comedy Central. Jessica even co-hosts a\nmonthly comedy show at Bar Lubitsch as an intergalactic super model, Lady\nSodium. Other than that she shares a birthday with Gary Busey. Follow her on\nTwitter @jessicacabot\n\nTags: Film and TV business, Follow your dreams, Hollywood, Hollywood\nassistant, Jessica Cabot, Top 10 pieces of advice to break into Hollywood\n\n.\n\n * Home\n * About Us\n * Best Meeting Ever\n * Contact Us\n * First Hollywood Job\n * Ha-Ha-Hollywood\n * Happily Ever After\n * Heart of the Matter\n * Holywood\n * Industry Impressions\n * Making a Difference\n * Parenthood Tales\n * Personal Journeys\n * Soul Dilemma\n * Video\n * Around the Web\n * Soul Quote\n * Archives\n * Subscribe\n * Terms of Service\n * Submissions\n\n©2014 TRIBE Media Corp.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417020138/https://lunacyproductions.com/tips-for-hollywood-success/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success",
"passages": [
"Have you been dreaming of a career in film and television? Well, I’ve got good news for you: Lunacy Productions (and every other production company, agency, studio, and ancillary business in Los Angeles) is full of people who had that same dream and are making it a reality.",
"Below we share five tips for building a lasting career in Hollywood. But first, a caveat: if you just want to be a millionaire, you’re probably better off playing the stock market or working on your jump shot. There are many ways to make a living in the entertainment industry, but very few ways to become extravagantly wealthy. You have to love the work.",
"If you want to make movies and television, the first step is to watch movies and television! This should be the fun part, but many people don’t take it seriously enough. In order to learn from the media you consume you must be an attentive and active viewer. If you just have the TV on in the background while you play on your cell phone or do your taxes, you’ve gained nothing.",
"Also, if you only watch new releases, or one specific genre, you’re depriving yourself of the well-rounded film education that could separate you from your competition. Horror movies, for instance, inherit many of their techniques and tropes from silent German Expressionist cinema, noir thrillers of the 40s and 50s, and even the French New Wave. Acquainting yourself with these films will deepen your understanding of modern horror and might even stimulate new and original ideas.",
"Like any art form, film has also been extensively studied and written about. There’s a hundred years’ worth of instruction, memoir, and critical analysis of motion pictures in your local library, bookstore, or e-reader. Sidney Lumet’s Making Movies, Steven D. Katz’s Film Directing: Shot by Shot, and Walter Murch’s In The Blink Of An Eye are a few favorites to get you started. And, of course, the Lunacy Blog updates every week with practical lessons from independent film production.",
"Let’s get this out of the way up front: film school is not the best option for everyone, and a degree in film is not necessary to be successful in Hollywood. In fact, the degree itself is almost useless. The education, structure, community, and connections are the real reason to go the film school route. So think long and hard before you commit time and (often massive amounts of) money to this path.",
"With that in mind, here are some reasons a formal education in filmmaking might be right for you. First and foremost, if you’re the type of person who works better with deadlines, assignments, and outside motivation, the structure of a school environment should help you. You’ll be assigned books to read and films to watch; you’ll attend lectures and workshops; you’ll be expected to write scripts and film them. You still have to do the work, and if you want to be truly great, you’ll have to do more than just what’s assigned.",
"There’s also a big advantage in being a part of a community of other filmmakers. Being in a film program means having constant access to ready and willing collaborators. Your peers become your crew, and you learn from each other and benefit from your diverse perspectives and skill sets. You also critique each other’s work, developing a network of trusted colleagues that you will carry into your professional life.",
"In addition to your classmates, you also benefit from connections made with faculty, guest speakers, and industry internships. Very often your school will have a career services department that can connect you to an industry mentor or an entry-level position after graduation. This is particularly true of film schools situated in New York, Los Angeles, and other cities with a booming entertainment industry.",
"Some people can get pretty far in life coasting on talent, charm, or nepotism. This is as true in Hollywood as it is anywhere else. But when the rubber meets the road, nobody wants to work with someone who can’t pull their own weight. If you want to succeed in the film industry (or life in general) you need to be competent and you need to know how to work hard, and both of those things take practice.",
"No one is born a great filmmaker. Some might have innate skills that give them an advantage, but every aspect of filmmaking, from writing to directing to editing, takes practice. So get your reps in. If you want to be a writer, start writing. Your first scripts will probably be terrible, but writing them is the only way you’ll gain the experience you need to write a great one. The first time you step onto the set as a director, and everyone looks to you for instructions, you will be terrified! That’s okay. The only way to get comfortable in that position is to do it over and over and over again.",
"Hard work takes practice too. It’s easy to say, “When my big opportunity arrives, I’ll buckle down and focus. But today I’m going to take it easy.” But working hard is a habit, developed over time, not a switch that you flip on. Feature films typically shoot twelve-hour days, five or six days in a row, for several weeks. The work is physically and mentally demanding. Post-production jobs can be even worse. It’s a grind, and if you aren’t prepared it will grind you right down to nothing! So instead of delaying the hard work until some imaginary future day that might never arrive, start today! That way when you’re big break comes, you’ll be ready.",
"As we’ve emphasized, making movies can be an intense, physically and emotionally grueling experience. Creative people can get passionate, angry, or cranky, especially when they feel their art is threatened. But no one wants to work with an asshole. In an industry that has been notoriously tolerant of “temperamental geniuses,” we are seeing more and more instances of producers and studios deciding that working with abrasive people just isn’t worth it.",
"It’s much more enjoyable to spend 12 hours a day working with people you like. So if you want to get hired, be the kind of person who brings a positive attitude and a sense of humor to the set every day. If you are prone to stirring up trouble, provoking confrontations, gossiping, or just going about your business with a foul attitude, it will cost you work. Everyone has a list of people they call first when a job opens up, and another list of people they’ll never work with again. You want to be on that first list!",
"It’s a good lesson to remember as you rise up in the industry. As a producer or director, you might be able to get away with talking down to someone or throwing a temper tantrum. But each time you do, you risk ending up on someone’s “never again” list. It’s a small town with a long memory.",
"Okay. It’s time for a tough dose of reality: Even if you take all the previous advice, you still might never become a successful screenwriter, director, or producer. You might never premiere at Sundance, win an Oscar, or get your dream project made. Knowledge, hard work, and even talent, can’t guarantee success in the film and television industry, or in life in general. At some point it all comes down to luck.",
"Almost every Hollywood success story involves an element of chance: being in the right place at the right time; a random encounter; a million-to-one shot. There’s no way to predict or replicate good fortune, but knowing your craft, honing your skills, and being active and well-regarded in the industry will increase the chances of a lucky break coming your way... and ensure you are prepared to make the most of it when it does!",
"finances motivation filmmaking female filmmakers cinematography five for filming Harris McCabe essay low-budget interview advice sound Indie films film development documentary indie film communication career advice creativity television etiquette editing screenwriting Director directing women in film production tips post-production preparation production independent production film Stu Pollard pre-production feedback the business writing meetings Dan Levine collaboration acting development Alexandra Jensen film crew producing"
]
},
"parsed_md": "THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success - Lunacy Productions\n\nSelect Page\n\n# THE BIG TIME: 5 Tips For Hollywood Success\n\nby Lunacy Staff | Jun 26, 2018 | Five For Filming\n\nHave you been dreaming of a career in film and television? Well, I’ve got good\nnews for you: Lunacy Productions (and every other production company, agency,\nstudio, and ancillary business in Los Angeles) is full of people who had that\nsame dream and are making it a reality.\n\nBelow we share five tips for building a lasting career in Hollywood. But\nfirst, a caveat: if you just want to be a millionaire, you’re probably better\noff playing the stock market or working on your jump shot. There are many ways\nto make a living in the entertainment industry, but very few ways to become\nextravagantly wealthy. You have to love the work.\n\nStill with us? Okay...\n\n## 1\\. Do your homework\n\nIf you want to make movies and television, the first step is to watch movies\nand television! This should be the fun part, but many people don’t take it\nseriously enough. In order to learn from the media you consume you must be an\nattentive and active viewer. If you just have the TV on in the background\nwhile you play on your cell phone or do your taxes, you’ve gained nothing.\n\nAlso, if you only watch new releases, or one specific genre, you’re depriving\nyourself of the well-rounded film education that could separate you from your\ncompetition. Horror movies, for instance, inherit many of their techniques and\ntropes from silent German Expressionist cinema, noir thrillers of the 40s and\n50s, and even the French New Wave. Acquainting yourself with these films will\ndeepen your understanding of modern horror and might even stimulate new and\noriginal ideas.\n\nLike any art form, film has also been extensively studied and written about.\nThere’s a hundred years’ worth of instruction, memoir, and critical analysis\nof motion pictures in your local library, bookstore, or e-reader. Sidney\nLumet’s Making Movies, Steven D. Katz’s Film Directing: Shot by Shot, and\nWalter Murch’s In The Blink Of An Eye are a few favorites to get you started.\nAnd, of course, the Lunacy Blog updates every week with practical lessons from\nindependent film production.\n\n## 2\\. Go to school\n\nLet’s get this out of the way up front: film school is not the best option for\neveryone, and a degree in film is not necessary to be successful in Hollywood.\nIn fact, the degree itself is almost useless. The education, structure,\ncommunity, and connections are the real reason to go the film school route. So\nthink long and hard before you commit time and (often massive amounts of)\nmoney to this path.\n\nWith that in mind, here are some reasons a formal education in filmmaking\nmight be right for you. First and foremost, if you’re the type of person who\nworks better with deadlines, assignments, and outside motivation, the\nstructure of a school environment should help you. You’ll be assigned books to\nread and films to watch; you’ll attend lectures and workshops; you’ll be\nexpected to write scripts and film them. You still have to do the work, and if\nyou want to be truly great, you’ll have to do more than just what’s assigned.\n\nThere’s also a big advantage in being a part of a community of other\nfilmmakers. Being in a film program means having constant access to ready and\nwilling collaborators. Your peers become your crew, and you learn from each\nother and benefit from your diverse perspectives and skill sets. You also\ncritique each other’s work, developing a network of trusted colleagues that\nyou will carry into your professional life.\n\nIn addition to your classmates, you also benefit from connections made with\nfaculty, guest speakers, and industry internships. Very often your school will\nhave a career services department that can connect you to an industry mentor\nor an entry-level position after graduation. This is particularly true of film\nschools situated in New York, Los Angeles, and other cities with a booming\nentertainment industry.\n\n## 3\\. Put in the work\n\nSome people can get pretty far in life coasting on talent, charm, or nepotism.\nThis is as true in Hollywood as it is anywhere else. But when the rubber meets\nthe road, nobody wants to work with someone who can’t pull their own weight.\nIf you want to succeed in the film industry (or life in general) you need to\nbe competent and you need to know how to work hard, and both of those things\ntake practice.\n\nNo one is born a great filmmaker. Some might have innate skills that give them\nan advantage, but every aspect of filmmaking, from writing to directing to\nediting, takes practice. So get your reps in. If you want to be a writer,\nstart writing. Your first scripts will probably be terrible, but writing them\nis the only way you’ll gain the experience you need to write a great one. The\nfirst time you step onto the set as a director, and everyone looks to you for\ninstructions, you will be terrified! That’s okay. The only way to get\ncomfortable in that position is to do it over and over and over again.\n\nHard work takes practice too. It’s easy to say, “When my big opportunity\narrives, I’ll buckle down and focus. But today I’m going to take it easy.” But\nworking hard is a habit, developed over time, not a switch that you flip on.\nFeature films typically shoot twelve-hour days, five or six days in a row, for\nseveral weeks. The work is physically and mentally demanding. Post-production\njobs can be even worse. It’s a grind, and if you aren’t prepared it will grind\nyou right down to nothing! So instead of delaying the hard work until some\nimaginary future day that might never arrive, start today! That way when\nyou’re big break comes, you’ll be ready.\n\n## 4\\. Play nice\n\nAs we’ve emphasized, making movies can be an intense, physically and\nemotionally grueling experience. Creative people can get passionate, angry, or\ncranky, especially when they feel their art is threatened. But no one wants to\nwork with an asshole. In an industry that has been notoriously tolerant of\n“temperamental geniuses,” we are seeing more and more instances of producers\nand studios deciding that working with abrasive people just isn’t worth it.\n\nIt’s much more enjoyable to spend 12 hours a day working with people you like.\nSo if you want to get hired, be the kind of person who brings a positive\nattitude and a sense of humor to the set every day. If you are prone to\nstirring up trouble, provoking confrontations, gossiping, or just going about\nyour business with a foul attitude, it will cost you work. Everyone has a list\nof people they call first when a job opens up, and another list of people\nthey’ll never work with again. You want to be on that first list!\n\nIt’s a good lesson to remember as you rise up in the industry. As a producer\nor director, you might be able to get away with talking down to someone or\nthrowing a temper tantrum. But each time you do, you risk ending up on\nsomeone’s “never again” list. It’s a small town with a long memory.\n\n## 5\\. Get lucky\n\nOkay. It’s time for a tough dose of reality: Even if you take all the previous\nadvice, you still might never become a successful screenwriter, director, or\nproducer. You might never premiere at Sundance, win an Oscar, or get your\ndream project made. Knowledge, hard work, and even talent, can’t guarantee\nsuccess in the film and television industry, or in life in general. At some\npoint it all comes down to luck.\n\nAlmost every Hollywood success story involves an element of chance: being in\nthe right place at the right time; a random encounter; a million-to-one shot.\nThere’s no way to predict or replicate good fortune, but knowing your craft,\nhoning your skills, and being active and well-regarded in the industry will\nincrease the chances of a lucky break coming your way... and ensure you are\nprepared to make the most of it when it does!\n\n## Do you have tips on breaking into the industry? Click here to leave a\ncomment!\n\n### Related posts:\n\nSTAR SEARCH: 5 Things To Remember When Casting Your Film\n\nRENAISSANCE DISNEY: We Rewatched Aladdin and It Made Us Better Filmmakers\n\nHITTING THE RIGHT NOTES: How to Effectively Implement Feedback\n\nORIGINS OF INSPIRATION: 5 Creators and the Films That Inspire Them\n\n## Get the Lunacy Newsletter\n\nStay updated on our upcoming films, content incubator and more.\n\n## You have Successfully Subscribed!\n\n# 1 Comment\n\n 1. \\- Seneca on August 6, 2018 at 4:42 pm\n\nLuck is what happens when preparation meets opportunity.\n\nReply\n\n### Submit a Comment Cancel reply\n\n#### CATEGORIES\n\nWRITING PRODUCING DIRECTING CINEMATOGRAPHY INDIE FILMS WOMEN IN FILM FIVE FOR\nFILMING\n\n#### Recent Posts\n\n * LUNACY PRODUCTIONS’ “KEEP YOUR DISTANCE” TO GET A SEVEN-HOUR SNYDER CUT\n * KEEPING YOUR PRODUCTION SAFE DURING THE PANDEMIC\n * THE FORMULA: How Filmmaker Tamar Halpern Directs TV Movies in 12 Days\n * TAX PREP FOR FREELANCE FILMMAKERS: What Are Deductions and How Do I Make the Most of Them?\n * TAX PREP FOR FREELANCE FILMMAKERS: What Is a Loan-Out Company and Do I Need One?\n\n#### Archives\n\n * April 2021\n * December 2020\n * August 2020\n * July 2020\n * April 2020\n * March 2020\n * February 2020\n * January 2020\n * December 2019\n * November 2019\n * October 2019\n * September 2019\n * August 2019\n * July 2019\n * June 2019\n * May 2019\n * April 2019\n * March 2019\n * February 2019\n * January 2019\n * December 2018\n * November 2018\n * October 2018\n * September 2018\n * August 2018\n * July 2018\n * June 2018\n * May 2018\n * April 2018\n * March 2018\n * February 2018\n * January 2018\n * December 2017\n * November 2017\n * October 2017\n * September 2017\n\n#### Tag cloud\n\nfinances motivation filmmaking female filmmakers cinematography five for\nfilming Harris McCabe essay low-budget interview advice sound Indie films film\ndevelopment documentary indie film communication career advice creativity\ntelevision etiquette editing screenwriting Director directing women in film\nproduction tips post-production preparation production independent production\nfilm Stu Pollard pre-production feedback the business writing meetings Dan\nLevine collaboration acting development Alexandra Jensen film crew producing\n\n * About\n * Films\n * Development\n * Investors\n * Contact\n\nDesigned by Elegant Themes | Powered by WordPress\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20180717193604/http://www.scriptmag.com:80/features/career-features/networking-tips-career-features/networking-tips-strategizing-way-success-hollywood",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood",
"passages": [
"Get our Script eNewsletter and receive the latest in screenwriting news and, for a limited time, get a free download of the How to Write a Screenplay workbook!",
"As the creator of the Hollywood Networking Breakfast® and career strategist to folk inside and outside of Hollywood, Sandra Lord offers some valuable face- time networking tips for success.",
"Nothing is more common in Hollywood than extremely talented people who have not achieved success. While there are various and innumerable reasons, lack of access is, unquestionably, one major component. The barriers to entry into the tight-knit entertainment industry are so great, next to having talent, networking is, arguably, the most important skill one must cultivate in a town that thrives on nepotism. Networking is an integral part of how the system works and if one wants to be part of the game, one just has to invest in building relationships and expanding his circle of connections. The old adage “it’s all about who you know” is alive and well in Tinseltown, but more importantly, “who knows you ... and how well” is what gets your foot in the door.",
"The term “networking” sometimes has a negative connotation as it conjures up images of unabashed self-promotion. This inference usually tends to come from people who are not good at networking and condescend as a defense mechanism. Whether they want to admit it or not, everyone networks at some level. One may think that people at the highest echelons do not network, but they do. If you are using your significant credentials to entice a young actor, producer, writer or director to do business with you over dinner, lunch or in a meeting, or you send congratulatory gifts to someone to acknowledge an accomplishment, you are networking.",
"I think of networking as the ability to use ANY opportunity to build rapport and cultivate relationships that could potentially provide inroads or access, and if you’re lucky, even long-term friendships.",
"There is networking and there is effective networking. Too many people network with the wrong attitude, intention and tools, and all of these produce little or no results. If you attend a networking event and no one knows you were there, you have been ineffective. If you focus only on yourself and what you can get from others, you have also failed. Effective networking is about sharing and caring, taking an interest in others, setting the foundation for a welcome follow-up, and creating an opportunity to build rapport.",
"Networking requires commitment. That means if you (seriously) want to generate interest in your talents or services, you have to be actively engaged in doing so. Attend events. If you live in Los Angeles, there is an abundance of industry-related events you can attend, many of which are listed in trade publications like The Hollywood Reporter, Daily Variety, and Backstage West and East. If you live outside L.A., it’s easy to find out what’s going on in your local community simply by getting on the Internet. Distance, however, should not be a factor in the pursuit of your career. Many networking events in major cities, depending on the scope and size, host attendees from all over the region, and sometimes all over the country, as well as overseas. How important is your career to you?",
"Join or participate in online entertainment industry communities, as well as organizations, groups, and professional associations that offer lectures, screenings, courses and, best of all, networking opportunities. Networking in your peer group is essential. Connect and share with those in your writing group, acting class, theatre company, etc. These are the people who will be making strides in the industry and you want to cultivate these relationships now. Lastly, create new opportunities for yourself. Consider starting your own small group for networking purposes as well as to get valuable feedback on your material.",
"I recommend that you get to know as many individuals in Hollywood as possible without using people. Take advantage of opportunities to be of service. The whole idea is to expand your circle of connections, build relationships, and earn trust. Talent on its own will not open doors. The likability factor is crucial. People want to help those whom they like. Now, while they may help you in some way, most will generally not share valuable contacts unless they have developed a relationship with you. So, when nurturing your new relationships with people who can enhance your upward mobility, do not ask for favors. They don’t yet know you and have no reason to go out on a limb. However, when someone makes a recommendation on your behalf, represent him well on all levels because your performance will be a reflection on his judgment.",
"You should also keep in touch with those potential contacts whom you meet at networking events as well as in everyday life. As things happen for you, send an e-mail of your progress or accomplishments—you want people to know that you are doing things. They will be impressed. As you expand your network, be prepared to do lunch/coffee/ drinks and to send little gifts—“thank yous”—as appropriate.",
"You don’t have to be an extrovert to be an effective networker. Granted, it takes a little courage to walk up to strangers, introduce yourself, and start a conversation. If you are shy, the concept can be quite intimidating and sometimes uncomfortable. Therefore, find a friend to go with you for support. DON’T sit talking with your friend for the duration of the event—you could have done that at home. Instead, as soon as you can, wean yourself off and meet people. Ask questions—that prevents you (initially) from talking too much about yourself and engages the other person in conversation. Find common interests and note any interesting tidbits (especially helpful in follow-up calls, e-mails, or thank-you gifts). Networking is something you’ll do over the long haul of your career, so get used to it. Master it.",
"If the people who can hire you or use your services in Hollywood do not know you exist, you need to network! You could be the best writer, producer, director, actor, cinematographer or costumer that ever lived, but if you lack connections and your talent hasn’t yet attracted the attention of people who can open doors for you, you need to network. How often should you network? As often as you can!",
"RELATED POSTS YOUR TV GUIDE to the Do’s and Don’ts of Networking Mixers NAVIGATING HOLLYWOOD: How I Got to Hollywood – Networking 101",
"Script has been the leading source for information on the craft and business of writing for film and television since 1995. With inside information, articles written by working writers and filmmakers, and in-depth interviews, Script is the resource on every scriptwriter's must-read list.",
"The Screenwriting Directory is an online resource with more than 2,500 verified listings for Hollywood industry insiders. Try it for free today."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood - Script\nMagazine\n\n * Script\n * Writer’s Digest\n * ScriptXpert Critique\n * Writers Store\n * Screenwriters University\n * Screenwriting Tutorials\n * WD Conference\n\nScript Magazine\n\nRegisterLog In\n\n### Navigate\n\n * Home\n * How To\n\n * How to Write a Screenplay\n\n * Identifying Theme, Premise, Plot\n * Screenplay Structure and Outlining\n * Screenplay Formatting\n * Creating Characters\n * How to Write Dialogue\n * How to Write Scenes\n * Screenplay Feedback Notes\n * Rewriting a Screenplay\n * Adapting a Book into a Screenplay\n * Screenplay Genre\n * How to Write for Television\n\n * How to Write Pilots and Spec Scripts\n * Creating TV Show Bibles\n * TV Writer’s Room\n * How to Write a Play\n * How to Sell a Script and Build a Screenwriting Career\n\n * Film Industry News\n * Independent Films vs. Studio Script Sales\n * How to Protect Your Screenplays\n * How to Create Loglines, Queries, One-Sheets\n * Screenplay Treatments\n * Entering Screenplay Contests\n * Getting Screenwriter Representation\n * Marketing and Branding a Screenwriter\n * How to Pitch a Screenplay\n * Tips for Meetings with Executives\n * Screenwriting Assignments\n * Screenwriting Partnerships\n * Using Script Consultants\n * Networking Tips\n * How to Make a Movie\n\n * Pre-Production Overview\n * Script Development Tips\n * Film Financing\n * Cast and Crew\n * Film Directing\n * Scheduling & Budgeting for Films\n * Film Locations\n * Post-Production Overview\n * Film Festival Advice\n * Marketing a Film\n * Independent Filmmaking\n * How to Write Scripts for Multimedia\n\n * How to Write a Web Series\n * Transmedia Storytelling\n * Comic Books and Graphic Novels\n * How to Write a Short Film\n * Interviews\n\n * Screenwriting Podcasts\n * Screenwriter Profiles\n * Blogs\n\n * View All Contributors’ Blogs\n * Writers on Breaking In\n * Writers on Writing\n * Balls of Steel by Jeanne Veillette Bowerman\n * Breaking & Entering by Barri Evins\n * Breaking In by Staton Rabin\n * Dave Trottier AKA Dr. Format\n * From Script to Screen\n * Improvising Screenplays by Brett Wean\n * Legally Speaking, It Depends by Christopher Schiller\n * Meet the Reader by Ray Morton\n * Notes from the Margins by Danny Manus\n * Script Gods Must Die by Paul Peditto\n * Script Notes by Michael Tabb\n * The Story Broads\n * TV Writers’ Room 101 by Eric Haywood\n * Why Spec Scripts Fail by Stewart Farquhar\n * Writers on the Verge by Lee Jessup\n * Writers on the Web by Rebecca Norris\n * Events\n\n * Live Screenwriting Webinars\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\n * Screenplay & Screenwriting Contests\n * Screenwriting Networking Events & Meetups\n * Film Screenings\n * Education\n\n * Live Webinars\n * Screenwriting Courses\n * Screenwriting Video Tutorials\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\n * In-Person Events\n * On-Demand Webinars\n * Free Downloads\n * Free Events\n * Resources\n\n * Screenwriting Contests Calendar\n * FREE Screenwriting Downloads\n * Screenwriting Coaching and Services\n\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Coverage + Development Notes\n * ScriptXpert Screenplay Coverage\n * Writer’s Digest\n * Writer’s Digest Conference\n * Writers Store Competitions\n * Software\n\n * Final Draft 8\n * Movie Magic 6\n * Other Software Products\n * Screenplay & Screenwriting Contests Tips\n * Writing Routine and Outlook\n * Screenwriter Discussions\n * Screenwriting Website of the Week\n * Script Magazine Archives\n * Reviews\n\n * Scriptwriting Software Reviews\n * Screenwriting Book and DVD Reviews\n * Film Reviews\n * The Writers Store\n\n * Final Draft Software\n * Software\n * Webinars\n * ScriptXpert Critque Services\n\nGet our Script eNewsletter and receive the latest in screenwriting news and,\nfor a limited time, get a free download of the How to Write a Screenplay\nworkbook!\n\n# Networking Tips: Strategizing Your Way to Success in Hollywood\n\nBy: Script Magazine | May 2, 2018\n\nAs the creator of the Hollywood Networking Breakfast® and career strategist to\nfolk inside and outside of Hollywood, Sandra Lord offers some valuable face-\ntime networking tips for success.\n\nClick to tweet this article to your friends and followers!\n\nNothing is more common in Hollywood than extremely talented people who have\nnot achieved success. While there are various and innumerable reasons, lack of\naccess is, unquestionably, one major component. The barriers to entry into the\ntight-knit entertainment industry are so great, next to having talent,\nnetworking is, arguably, the most important skill one must cultivate in a town\nthat thrives on nepotism. Networking is an integral part of how the system\nworks and if one wants to be part of the game, one just has to invest in\nbuilding relationships and expanding his circle of connections. The old adage\n“it’s all about who you know” is alive and well in Tinseltown, but more\nimportantly, “who knows you ... and how well” is what gets your foot in the\ndoor.\n\nThe term “networking” sometimes has a negative connotation as it conjures up\nimages of unabashed self-promotion. This inference usually tends to come from\npeople who are not good at networking and condescend as a defense mechanism.\nWhether they want to admit it or not, everyone networks at some level. One may\nthink that people at the highest echelons do not network, but they do. If you\nare using your significant credentials to entice a young actor, producer,\nwriter or director to do business with you over dinner, lunch or in a meeting,\nor you send congratulatory gifts to someone to acknowledge an accomplishment,\nyou are networking.\n\nDownload FREE Online and Offline Networking Tips Now!\n\nI think of networking as the ability to use ANY opportunity to build rapport\nand cultivate relationships that could potentially provide inroads or access,\nand if you’re lucky, even long-term friendships.\n\nThere is networking and there is effective networking. Too many people network\nwith the wrong attitude, intention and tools, and all of these produce little\nor no results. If you attend a networking event and no one knows you were\nthere, you have been ineffective. If you focus only on yourself and what you\ncan get from others, you have also failed. Effective networking is about\nsharing and caring, taking an interest in others, setting the foundation for a\nwelcome follow-up, and creating an opportunity to build rapport.\n\n### Expand Your Circle\n\nNetworking requires commitment. That means if you (seriously) want to generate\ninterest in your talents or services, you have to be actively engaged in doing\nso. Attend events. If you live in Los Angeles, there is an abundance of\nindustry-related events you can attend, many of which are listed in trade\npublications like The Hollywood Reporter, Daily Variety, and Backstage West\nand East. If you live outside L.A., it’s easy to find out what’s going on in\nyour local community simply by getting on the Internet. Distance, however,\nshould not be a factor in the pursuit of your career. Many networking events\nin major cities, depending on the scope and size, host attendees from all over\nthe region, and sometimes all over the country, as well as overseas. How\nimportant is your career to you?\n\nJoin or participate in online entertainment industry communities, as well as\norganizations, groups, and professional associations that offer lectures,\nscreenings, courses and, best of all, networking opportunities. Networking in\nyour peer group is essential. Connect and share with those in your writing\ngroup, acting class, theatre company, etc. These are the people who will be\nmaking strides in the industry and you want to cultivate these relationships\nnow. Lastly, create new opportunities for yourself. Consider starting your own\nsmall group for networking purposes as well as to get valuable feedback on\nyour material.\n\n### Nurture Your Relationships\n\nI recommend that you get to know as many individuals in Hollywood as possible\nwithout using people. Take advantage of opportunities to be of service. The\nwhole idea is to expand your circle of connections, build relationships, and\nearn trust. Talent on its own will not open doors. The likability factor is\ncrucial. People want to help those whom they like. Now, while they may help\nyou in some way, most will generally not share valuable contacts unless they\nhave developed a relationship with you. So, when nurturing your new\nrelationships with people who can enhance your upward mobility, do not ask for\nfavors. They don’t yet know you and have no reason to go out on a limb.\nHowever, when someone makes a recommendation on your behalf, represent him\nwell on all levels because your performance will be a reflection on his\njudgment.\n\nHow to Get Your Screenplay Read Without Asking\n\nYou should also keep in touch with those potential contacts whom you meet at\nnetworking events as well as in everyday life. As things happen for you, send\nan e-mail of your progress or accomplishments—you want people to know that you\nare doing things. They will be impressed. As you expand your network, be\nprepared to do lunch/coffee/ drinks and to send little gifts—“thank yous”—as\nappropriate.\n\n### Build Your Confidence\n\nYou don’t have to be an extrovert to be an effective networker. Granted, it\ntakes a little courage to walk up to strangers, introduce yourself, and start\na conversation. If you are shy, the concept can be quite intimidating and\nsometimes uncomfortable. Therefore, find a friend to go with you for support.\nDON’T sit talking with your friend for the duration of the event—you could\nhave done that at home. Instead, as soon as you can, wean yourself off and\nmeet people. Ask questions—that prevents you (initially) from talking too much\nabout yourself and engages the other person in conversation. Find common\ninterests and note any interesting tidbits (especially helpful in follow-up\ncalls, e-mails, or thank-you gifts). Networking is something you’ll do over\nthe long haul of your career, so get used to it. Master it.\n\nIf the people who can hire you or use your services in Hollywood do not know\nyou exist, you need to network! You could be the best writer, producer,\ndirector, actor, cinematographer or costumer that ever lived, but if you lack\nconnections and your talent hasn’t yet attracted the attention of people who\ncan open doors for you, you need to network. How often should you network? As\noften as you can!\n\nOriginally published in Script magazine July/August 2008\n\nMore networking-related articles on Script\n\n## Download our On-Demand Webinar from Jacob Krueger on Finding the Right\nProducer Through the Power of Your Own Social Network\n\n### DOWNLOAD NOW!\n\nCATEGORIES Business Advice, Networking Tips, Screenwriter Blogs, Screenwriting\nHow-To Articles\n\nTAGS benefits of networking, building a network, networking tips\n\nRELATED POSTS YOUR TV GUIDE to the Do’s and Don’ts of Networking Mixers\nNAVIGATING HOLLYWOOD: How I Got to Hollywood – Networking 101\n\n## About Script Magazine\n\nScript has been the leading source for information on the craft and business\nof writing for film and television since 1995. With inside information,\narticles written by working writers and filmmakers, and in-depth interviews,\nScript is the resource on every scriptwriter's must-read list.\n\nView all posts by Script Magazine →\n\n### COMMENT Cancel reply\n\nYou must be logged in to post a comment.\n\n### FREE Screenwriting Downloads\n\n * Step-by-Step Guide to High-Concept Ideas\n * How to Vet a Script Consultant\n * How to Find a Literary Agent\n * Creating Short Film Ideas\n * Proper Screenplay Format Tips\n * Creating Strong Protagonist\n * TV Pilot Kit\n * How to Write a Screenplay Webinar\n\n### Screenwriters University Classes\n\n### Starting July 19\n\nHow To Develop Psychological Backstories For Your Characters\n\nPowerful Endings to Hook Your Reader\n\nHow to Get Your Script Past Hollywood Gatekeepers\n\nTen Weeks to Your Feature Film\n\nWriting the Documentary Film\n\nWriting Your Drama Pilot in Six Weeks\n\n### Weekend Estimates\n\nAdvertisement\n\nFeatured Links\n\nThe Screenwriting Directory is an online resource with more than 2,500\nverified listings for Hollywood industry insiders. Try it for free today.\n\nTake Online Screenwriting Classes with industry professionals at Screenwriters\nUniversity.\n\nAttend a live Online Screenwriting Webinar from the Writers Store and learn\nfrom top screenwriters, agents, and instructors.\n\nAdvertisement\n\nAbout Us | Contact Us | Customer Service | Advertise | Screenwriting\nCompetitions | Screenwriters University | The Writers Store\n\n© F+W All Rights Reserved. | Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210417194215/https://www.nyfa.edu/student-resources/13-tips-on-surviving-in-the-acting-industry/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry",
"passages": [
"There are literally thousands of actors in Hollywood trying to “make it.” According to union statistics, approximately 80% of all actors in SAG-AFTRA are out of work at any given time.",
"1. Get a job You need to survive physically and mentally. You must be able to buy food, pay for rent, car and gas expenses, and have the “business of life” taken care of in order to have the freedom to pursue a creative career. No casting director wants to hire a desperate actor. If you come into your audition with the hope that this job will pay for your overdue rent so you won’t get evicted- well, they will see that fear and desperation, and you are not somebody they want to hire.",
"2. Find out what makes you different What do you do that is unique? What makes you special? One director I know said he likes actors with a lot of skills, so that he knows what he can have them do in a scene: play drums, basketball, twirl baton, do impressions, do handstands, etc. Not that you don’t also have to act, but this opens up the potential for casting you in a role–especially for commercials.",
"3. Get an Agent You really do need one. Sometimes a manager can get you initial casting interviews, but it is best to have an agent. (Managers cannot legally negotiate a job.) If you don’t have any or many professional credits, you will probably start with a smaller agency.",
"Sign with one who is reputable (check with SAG) and needs somebody in your category. I always feel it is better to sign with an agent and try them out for 4-6 months, and if you feel they are not helping your career move forward, then try somebody else. It is usually easier to get the second agent, since somebody has already taken a chance on you.",
"4. Don’t wait for your agent to get you a job An agent I know said, “We get 10% of your salary, and you get 90%. So you should do 90% of the work.” Do everything you can to get work through friends, online casting sites, plays, and/or student films. The more you are working for you, the more your agent is willing to work for you.",
"5. Have a great headshot and a great demo reel- update them often These are your number one tools. The headshot gives a casting director their first impression of you- the look, the way you do your hair, even the quality of the photo you have chosen to represent you. In my opinion, if you are going to spend money on your career, spend it on a great headshot. You usually do get what you pay for. The other important tool- your demo reel should be up to date, and have your best work in the first 30 seconds.",
"If you are not getting a lot of responses, change your headshot. A new look might be just the thing to get the interest of a particular casting director.",
"6. Keep skills sharp and develop new skills Go to class. Just like athletes who need to train and keep in shape for competition, actors need to workout and keep their acting muscles in shape. You also need to keep developing skills that make you more castable: dancing, singing, martial arts, playing a musical instrument or a sport. The more you know, the more you can work.",
"7. Work for Free Don’t’ miss an opportunity to work. Many unpaid jobs are rewarded with future jobs and relationships that help you get future work. Work breeds work. And it’s a great ‘free’ acting class.",
"8. Stay healthy You can’t be ready to work if you are unhealthy- that goes for emotional as well as physical health. Work out, do yoga, meditate, stay in good shape. Acting takes physical and mental tolls on you and you need to have stamina for the long haul, mentally and physically. Do activities that help relieve the stress of pursuing an acting career.",
"9. See work that inspires you See as much of other actors’ work as you can. Watch films: contemporary and classical. See plays. Know the work of other actors- see how high the bar is.",
"10. Be prepared Be prepared to perform at any time. Have a couple of great monologues in your back pocket- comedy and drama. (See Denis McCourt’s article, “Oh No! Not Another Article About Audition Monologues”). Always carry pictures and resumes (stapled together) in your car. Have a business card printed with your headshot and contact info in your wallet.",
"11. Don’t be late Ever. Never. To a job or an audition. People don’t like it when you waste their time. The expression in the Industry is “15 minutes early is on time.”",
"12. Don’t complain Don’t complain, nobody is listening. If you want a job that provides security, do something else. Only be in this business because you can’t live NOT being in it.",
"13. Don’t quit Self-explanatory. Don’t quit. Never, ever. There is an old saying “Out of every 3 actors, one will make it. Not because of Talent or Looks, but because the other two give up.” This is very true, but multiply that by thousands. One in every thousand perhaps has the persistence and dedication to keep at it. Just hang in there- the next job is just around the corner. In the meantime, go to class, go take a hike, go learn to play violin. It’s all in the name of Acting.",
"All programs and workshops are solely owned and operated by the New York Film Academy and are not affiliated with Universal Studios or Harvard University.",
"GI Bill^® is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs (VA). More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at the official U.S. government website at http://www.benefits.va.gov/gibill."
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"parsed_md": "13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry\n\nREQUEST INFO APPLY\n\n1-800-611-FILM | 1-212-674-4300\n\nHome »\n\n# 13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry\n\nPosted on May 28, 2014April 5, 2021 by Helen Kantilaftis\n\nAuthor: Lynda Goodfriend, Chair, Acting Department, New York Film Academy Los\nAngeles\n\nThere are literally thousands of actors in Hollywood trying to “make it.”\nAccording to union statistics, approximately 80% of all actors in SAG-AFTRA\nare out of work at any given time.\n\nSo what do you do while you are waiting to become part of that 20%?\n\n1\\. Get a job You need to survive physically and mentally. You must be able to\nbuy food, pay for rent, car and gas expenses, and have the “business of life”\ntaken care of in order to have the freedom to pursue a creative career. No\ncasting director wants to hire a desperate actor. If you come into your\naudition with the hope that this job will pay for your overdue rent so you\nwon’t get evicted- well, they will see that fear and desperation, and you are\nnot somebody they want to hire.\n\n2\\. Find out what makes you different What do you do that is unique? What\nmakes you special? One director I know said he likes actors with a lot of\nskills, so that he knows what he can have them do in a scene: play drums,\nbasketball, twirl baton, do impressions, do handstands, etc. Not that you\ndon’t also have to act, but this opens up the potential for casting you in a\nrole–especially for commercials.\n\n3\\. Get an Agent You really do need one. Sometimes a manager can get you\ninitial casting interviews, but it is best to have an agent. (Managers cannot\nlegally negotiate a job.) If you don’t have any or many professional credits,\nyou will probably start with a smaller agency.\n\nSign with one who is reputable (check with SAG) and needs somebody in your\ncategory. I always feel it is better to sign with an agent and try them out\nfor 4-6 months, and if you feel they are not helping your career move forward,\nthen try somebody else. It is usually easier to get the second agent, since\nsomebody has already taken a chance on you.\n\n4\\. Don’t wait for your agent to get you a job An agent I know said, “We get\n10% of your salary, and you get 90%. So you should do 90% of the work.” Do\neverything you can to get work through friends, online casting sites, plays,\nand/or student films. The more you are working for you, the more your agent is\nwilling to work for you.\n\n5\\. Have a great headshot and a great demo reel- update them often These are\nyour number one tools. The headshot gives a casting director their first\nimpression of you- the look, the way you do your hair, even the quality of the\nphoto you have chosen to represent you. In my opinion, if you are going to\nspend money on your career, spend it on a great headshot. You usually do get\nwhat you pay for. The other important tool- your demo reel should be up to\ndate, and have your best work in the first 30 seconds.\n\nIf you are not getting a lot of responses, change your headshot. A new look\nmight be just the thing to get the interest of a particular casting director.\n\n6\\. Keep skills sharp and develop new skills Go to class. Just like athletes\nwho need to train and keep in shape for competition, actors need to workout\nand keep their acting muscles in shape. You also need to keep developing\nskills that make you more castable: dancing, singing, martial arts, playing a\nmusical instrument or a sport. The more you know, the more you can work.\n\n7\\. Work for Free Don’t’ miss an opportunity to work. Many unpaid jobs are\nrewarded with future jobs and relationships that help you get future work.\nWork breeds work. And it’s a great ‘free’ acting class.\n\n8\\. Stay healthy You can’t be ready to work if you are unhealthy- that goes\nfor emotional as well as physical health. Work out, do yoga, meditate, stay in\ngood shape. Acting takes physical and mental tolls on you and you need to have\nstamina for the long haul, mentally and physically. Do activities that help\nrelieve the stress of pursuing an acting career.\n\n9\\. See work that inspires you See as much of other actors’ work as you can.\nWatch films: contemporary and classical. See plays. Know the work of other\nactors- see how high the bar is.\n\n10\\. Be prepared Be prepared to perform at any time. Have a couple of great\nmonologues in your back pocket- comedy and drama. (See Denis McCourt’s\narticle, “Oh No! Not Another Article About Audition Monologues”). Always carry\npictures and resumes (stapled together) in your car. Have a business card\nprinted with your headshot and contact info in your wallet.\n\n11\\. Don’t be late Ever. Never. To a job or an audition. People don’t like it\nwhen you waste their time. The expression in the Industry is “15 minutes early\nis on time.”\n\n12\\. Don’t complain Don’t complain, nobody is listening. If you want a job\nthat provides security, do something else. Only be in this business because\nyou can’t live NOT being in it.\n\n13\\. Don’t quit Self-explanatory. Don’t quit. Never, ever. There is an old\nsaying “Out of every 3 actors, one will make it. Not because of Talent or\nLooks, but because the other two give up.” This is very true, but multiply\nthat by thousands. One in every thousand perhaps has the persistence and\ndedication to keep at it. Just hang in there- the next job is just around the\ncorner. In the meantime, go to class, go take a hike, go learn to play violin.\nIt’s all in the name of Acting.\n\n13 Tips On Surviving In The Acting Industry by Helen Kantilaftis\n\n * Filmmaking\n\n# Primary Topics\n\n» Acting » Animation » Broadcast Journalism » Cinematography » Digital Editing\n» Documentary Filmmaking » Filmmaking » Game Design » Graphic Design »\nIllustration » Musical Theatre » Photography » Producing » Screenwriting »\nVirtual Reality » ESL Other Topics » Apps » Teens & Kids Camps » Commissions &\nGuilds » Equipment & Space » Film Festivals » Glossary » Permits\n\n# Connect With NYFA\n\nBlog| Twitter \n---|--- \nFacebook| LinkedIn \nInstagram| Youtube \nSnapchat \n \n# Request Info\n\nHome • Student Services • NYFA Online Store • Jobs • Privacy Policy • Site Map\n17 Battery Place, New York, NY 10004 United States Copyright © 2019 New York\nFilm Academy\n\nAll programs and workshops are solely owned and operated by the New York Film\nAcademy and are not affiliated with Universal Studios or Harvard University.\n\nGI Bill^® is a registered trademark of the U.S. Department of Veterans Affairs\n(VA). More information about education benefits offered by VA is available at\nthe official U.S. government website at http://www.benefits.va.gov/gibill.\n\n"
}
] |
563,302 | How To Make Fluffy Scrambled Eggs | To make fluffy scrambled eggs, first crack the eggs directly into an
unheated saucepan and add about 1 tablespoon of butter. Then, turn
the burner heat to high and stir the eggs continuously while they cook. Every
30 seconds, lift the pan up and hold it off the heat for 10 seconds.
Continue to do this for 3 minutes or until the eggs are silky and slightly
runny. Finally, stir in a few tablespoons of milk or cream. Remove
the eggs from the heat before serving. | [
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"I'm an author and journalist who writes primarily about food and cooking. On this site you'll find cooking techniques, recipes, and opinion on food issues.",
"When I was working on the Ad Hoc at Home cookbook with Thomas Keller and Dave Cruz, they showed me this excellent method of chopping chives. Wrap a bundle of chives in a damp folded towel and then cut. It solves two problems: you don’t crush them as you can when they rest flat on the board; and you don’t wind up with long strings of half-cut chive where they knife didn’t go all the way through. You end up with PERFECT chives. It’s also cleaner generally. I love this technique.",
"I thought I was the only one who ended up with those long strings of half-cut chives. They’ve been one of my secret shames for years now. Thanks for the tip!",
"Yeah, well, it also helps to have sharp knives... Speaking of which; could you do a post on what constitutes a good knife? Not sharpening them or what brand of knife necessarily, but what to look for that makes some knives better than others.",
"A good way to store leftover delicate herbs too. Wrap the stems in a damp paper towel, keep in the refrigerator.",
"Let me give a shout out to a cheep brandy manhattan, works wonders, inexpensive, nothing pretentious. Fridays need to come more often!",
"Thanks for sharing my article about growing herbs. They really are easy to grown and I love being able pick fresh herbs right out my back door.",
"* #### Michael Ruhlman\ni would think that would smash them. the idea with all herbs is to slice through them, unless youre grinding them"
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"parsed_md": "Chopping Chives | Michael Ruhlman\n\n * About\n * Books\n * Utensils\n * Apps\n * Links\n * FAQ\n * Contact\n\n### Welcome to Ruhlman.com\n\nI'm an author and journalist who writes primarily about food and cooking. On\nthis site you'll find cooking techniques, recipes, and opinion on food issues.\n\n### Notable Posts\n\nMacaroni and Beef with Cheese — Childhood Love\n\nHow To Brine Chicken (Quick Brine Recipe)\n\nCorned Beef: How to Cure Your Own\n\nHow To Make Beef Brisket Pastrami At Home\n\nHome-Cured Bacon\n\nFriday Grilling: Easy Bearnaise Sauce\n\nHow To Prepare and Cook Beef Heart\n\nPan-Fried Chicken Thighs\n\nThe “No Nitrites Added” Hoax\n\nSo You Wanna Be a Chef — by Bourdain\n\n### Interviews & Press\n\nMy Wikipedia page\n\nNew York Times Profile\n\nEgg basics in The Wall Street Journal\n\nEgg on NPR Morning Edition\n\nThe Splendid Table: How To Make Schmaltz\n\nThe Boston Globe reviews Ruhlman's Twenty\n\nPublisher's Weekly reviews Charcuterie\n\nPublisher's weekly review of Walk On Water\n\nAnthony Bourdain reviews Soul of a Chef\n\nNYTimes Book Review reviews Boys Themselves\n\nTweets by @ruhlman\n\n# Chopping Chives\n\nby Michael Ruhlman | September 11, 2013\n\nFreshly chopped chives. Photo by Donna Turner Ruhlman.\n\nWhen I was working on the Ad Hoc at Home cookbook with Thomas Keller and Dave\nCruz, they showed me this excellent method of chopping chives. Wrap a bundle\nof chives in a damp folded towel and then cut. It solves two problems: you\ndon’t crush them as you can when they rest flat on the board; and you don’t\nwind up with long strings of half-cut chive where they knife didn’t go all the\nway through. You end up with PERFECT chives. It’s also cleaner generally. I\nlove this technique.\n\nIf you liked this post, read:\n\n * My past post on drying herbs from your garden.\n * Spillover from the bacon photo: bake some cheddar, bacon, and chive biscuits.\n * Anna Hewitt discusses making container herb gardens for those who lack space or are city dwellers.\n * Making candied herbs shared by blogger Shuna Lydon of Eggbeater.\n\n© 2013 Michael Ruhlman. Photo © 2013 Donna Turner Ruhlman. All rights\nreserved.\n\n### 15 Wonderful responses to “Chopping Chives”\n\n * #### Victoria\n\nMR,\n\nDo you have the ability to sign up for email notification of your posts?\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Derek\n\nI thought I was the only one who ended up with those long strings of half-cut\nchives. They’ve been one of my secret shames for years now. Thanks for the\ntip!\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### clotilde\n\nI was about to write the exact same comment. 🙂\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Susan\n\nYeah, well, it also helps to have sharp knives... Speaking of which; could you\ndo a post on what constitutes a good knife? Not sharpening them or what brand\nof knife necessarily, but what to look for that makes some knives better than\nothers.\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\n\ndeserving of a full post.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Derek\n\nCook’s Illustrated just did an article on what makes a good chef’s knife.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Allen\n\nA good way to store leftover delicate herbs too. Wrap the stems in a damp\npaper towel, keep in the refrigerator.\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Allen\n\nLet me give a shout out to a cheep brandy manhattan, works wonders,\ninexpensive, nothing pretentious. Fridays need to come more often!\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### jonathan@jonathanbrill.com\n\nGreat idea. Thanks! ~ Jonathan\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Anna\n\nThanks for sharing my article about growing herbs. They really are easy to\ngrown and I love being able pick fresh herbs right out my back door.\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Natalie Luffer Sztern\n\nshhh...this is why it is going to be so hard to fast on Yom Kippur...shhhh...\n\nSeptember 11th, 2013\n\n * #### Liuzhou Laowai\n\nI always cut chives with scissors.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\n\ni would think that would smash them. the idea with all herbs is to slice\nthrough them, unless youre grinding them\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### clotilde\n\nInteresting tip. Do you slide the towel back gradually as you progress along\nthe chive stems?\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\n * #### Michael Ruhlman\n\nyes.\n\nSeptember 12th, 2013\n\nPhotographs by Donna Turner-Ruhlman Photography\n\n© Michael Ruhlman\n\n"
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"After 30 seconds, take the pan off the heat. Keep stirring. After about 10 seconds, put back on the heat. Repeat for 3 minutes.",
"Want to savour these scrambled eggs without the work? Join us for a Bottomless Brunch at Bread Street Kitchen with a side of bottomless bubbles for the perfect weekend.",
"Thank you for signing up for our e-newsletter, giving you news about the latest happenings, events and offers across the Gordon Ramsay Restaurants."
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"parsed_md": "Scrambled Eggs | Breakfast Recipes | Gordon Ramsay Restaurants\n\n### Item added to basket\n\nView basket\n\nContinue shopping\n\n### Adding item to basket\n\n(skip navigation)\n\nGordon Ramsay Restaurants\n\n * Book a table\n * Buy a gift\n\n### Please upgrade your browser\n\nIt appears you are using an older browser. This site will function better if\nyou upgrade to the latest version\n\n## Scrambled Eggs\n\n### Ingredients\n\n * 6 cold eggs\n * 15g butter\n * Salt and pepper\n * Crème fraîche\n * Chives\n\n### Cooking instructions\n\n 1. Crack 6 cold eggs into a deep saucepan.\n 2. Add the butter. For smaller batches, use a 2-to-1 eggs-to-butter ratio.\n 3. Put the pan on high heat.\n 4. Stir continuously with a rubber spatula—don't whisk—making sure to scrape the bottom of the pan.\n 5. After 30 seconds, take the pan off the heat. Keep stirring. After about 10 seconds, put back on the heat. Repeat for 3 minutes.\n 6. In the last minute, season the eggs lightly. For extra creamy texture, stir in 1 tsp of crème fraîche.\n 7. Plate and garnish with chopped chives.\n\nWant to savour these scrambled eggs without the work? Join us for a Bottomless\nBrunch at Bread Street Kitchen with a side of bottomless bubbles for the\nperfect weekend.\n\nBack\n\nNext\n\n### Category Filters\n\n * Autumn (38)\n * BBQ (12)\n * Beef (23)\n * Breakfast (16)\n * Chicken (9)\n * Chocolate (16)\n * Christmas (50)\n * Comfort Food (33)\n * Dessert (55)\n * Drinks (69)\n * Duck (1)\n * Easter (23)\n * Egg (8)\n * Fish (25)\n * Fit Food (8)\n * Game (1)\n * Kids (15)\n * Lamb (5)\n * Mother's Day (22)\n * Pancake Day (8)\n * Pasta (11)\n * Pie (3)\n * Pork (10)\n * Roasts (31)\n * Salads (16)\n * Seafood (13)\n * Store Cupboard Staples (21)\n * Summer (65)\n * Thanksgiving (15)\n * Truffle (16)\n * Valentine's Day (11)\n * Vegan (26)\n * Vegetarian (61)\n * Wellington (9)\n * View all recipes\n\nBack to Top\n\nNewsletter sign up\n\n## Thank you\n\nThank you for signing up for our e-newsletter, giving you news about the\nlatest happenings, events and offers across the Gordon Ramsay Restaurants.\n\n * Contact\n * Covid-19\n * Disclaimer\n * Privacy Policy\n * Cookie Policy\n * Terms & Conditions\n\nGordon Ramsay Restaurants ©Copyright 2021 www.gordonramsayrestaurants.com\n\nInterested in Gordon Ramsay? Click here\n\n"
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"Medium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs. We like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for another 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau",
"We believe strongly that \"putting an egg on it\" transforms almost anything into a meal. But lately we've turned our attention away from our beloved olive oil-fried egg and toward a soft sunny scramble.",
"We know what you're thinking: Do I really need a recipe for scrambled eggs? If you just want a plate of scrambled eggs, no. But if you want uniformly golden, soft on the verge of custardy, scrambled eggs, then yes. Yes, you do. Here's how we do it.",
"1. Kind of goes without saying these days but when it comes to cooking, especially something as simple as scrambled eggs, your final product is only as good as the ingredient(s) you start with. Use the freshest eggs you can find. We're partial to farmers' market eggs with their golden orange yolks, but organic and free range is always your best bet.",
"2. Whip it good. So good that you combine the whites and yolks for a streak- free scramble. Getting a good amount of air into the mix for ultra light, tender eggs is key. Season the eggs now with a little bit of salt.",
"3. Know. Your. Stove. We don't have numbers on our dials so we have to carefully adjust for just the right medium-low. That's what you want for these eggs, medium-low to low. You might even have to toggle back and forth to find just the right heat. But better too low than too high. High heat will make for dryer, tougher proteins and lower heat will make for a super soft custardy scramble. Know that and adjust as need be/to your preferences. And for goodness sake, use a non-stick skillet!",
"4. We use butter for these eggs, you should too. You could use oil, but butter's moisture helps keep these eggs luscious. Plus it tastes good because it's butter, duh.",
"5. We wanted soft wide folds that you could sink a fork into. For that, use a heat-safe spatula and the right size skillet (we like a 10-inch non-stick for 4 eggs). Once it's melted, add your very well-beaten eggs and let them sit for just a second. This whole process takes about a minute and a half, so a second counts.",
"6. Use your spatula to push the eggs from one side of the skillet to the other. Push, push, push, in 3 or 4 motions across, then sweep the spatula all the way around the edge of the skillet to create long egg waves.",
"Continue to do this, tilting the skillet if necessary to spread any uncooked egg over the surface of it, until the eggs are mostly set but seem undercooked (they'll keep cooking between skillet and plate). This shouldn't take longer than 2 minutes if you're using the right heat.",
"Medium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs. We like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for another 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau",
"Don't forget to prepare for dismount. Get your plates and forks ready as these eggs will continue to set up as they rest. You may want to hit your eggs with a little more salt and pepper once they're plated or try one of our savory suggestions we have going on below:",
"Feta and Za’atar Stir 2 Tbsp. crumbled feta and 1⁄4 tsp. za'atar into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more za'atar just before serving.",
"Parmesan and Basil Stir 2 Tbsp. grated Parmesan and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh basil into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more basil just before serving.",
"Soy and Scallion Add 1⁄2 tsp. soy sauce to eggs before whipping. Stir 2 trimmed, thinly sliced scallions into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt just before serving.",
"Cream Cheese and Chives Stir 1 Tbsp. cream cheese and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped fresh chives into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and more chives just before serving.",
"Hot Cheddar Stir 2 Tbsp. grated cheddar into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and hot sauce just before serving.",
"© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"
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},
"parsed_md": "How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever | Bon Appétit\n\nSkip to main content\n\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, then View saved stories.\n\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, then View saved stories.\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes\n * Healthyish\n * Basically\n * Restaurants\n * Highly Recommend\n * Podcast\n * Videos\n * Shop\n\ntechniques\n\n# How to Make the Absolute Best Scrambled Eggs Ever\n\nThese scrambled eggs are super soft and just a little runny, aka exactly how\nthey should be.\n\nBy Bon Appétit\n\nSeptember 4, 2017\n\nMedium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs.\nWe like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for\nanother 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\n\nWe believe strongly that \"putting an egg on it\" transforms almost anything\ninto a meal. But lately we've turned our attention away from our beloved olive\noil-fried egg and toward a soft sunny scramble.\n\nWe know what you're thinking: Do I really need a recipe for scrambled eggs? If\nyou just want a plate of scrambled eggs, no. But if you want uniformly golden,\nsoft on the verge of custardy, scrambled eggs, then yes. Yes, you do. Here's\nhow we do it.\n\n## The Technique\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\n1\\. Kind of goes without saying these days but when it comes to cooking,\nespecially something as simple as scrambled eggs, your final product is only\nas good as the ingredient(s) you start with. Use the freshest eggs you can\nfind. We're partial to farmers' market eggs with their golden orange yolks,\nbut organic and free range is always your best bet.\n\n2\\. Whip it good. So good that you combine the whites and yolks for a streak-\nfree scramble. Getting a good amount of air into the mix for ultra light,\ntender eggs is key. Season the eggs now with a little bit of salt.\n\n3\\. Know. Your. Stove. We don't have numbers on our dials so we have to\ncarefully adjust for just the right medium-low. That's what you want for these\neggs, medium-low to low. You might even have to toggle back and forth to find\njust the right heat. But better too low than too high. High heat will make for\ndryer, tougher proteins and lower heat will make for a super soft custardy\nscramble. Know that and adjust as need be/to your preferences. And for\ngoodness sake, use a non-stick skillet!\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\nAdvertisement\n\n4\\. We use butter for these eggs, you should too. You could use oil, but\nbutter's moisture helps keep these eggs luscious. Plus it tastes good because\nit's butter, duh.\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\n5\\. We wanted soft wide folds that you could sink a fork into. For that, use a\nheat-safe spatula and the right size skillet (we like a 10-inch non-stick for\n4 eggs). Once it's melted, add your very well-beaten eggs and let them sit for\njust a second. This whole process takes about a minute and a half, so a second\ncounts.\n\nPhoto by Ted Cavanaugh\n\n6\\. Use your spatula to push the eggs from one side of the skillet to the\nother. Push, push, push, in 3 or 4 motions across, then sweep the spatula all\nthe way around the edge of the skillet to create long egg waves.\n\nContinue to do this, tilting the skillet if necessary to spread any uncooked\negg over the surface of it, until the eggs are mostly set but seem undercooked\n(they'll keep cooking between skillet and plate). This shouldn't take longer\nthan 2 minutes if you're using the right heat.\n\nMedium-low heat is the key to the fluffy, creamy, melty texture of these eggs.\nWe like to serve them when they’re still runny, but keep them on the stove for\nanother 15 seconds if you prefer them completely set.Photo by Alex Lau\n\nAdvertisement\n\nDon't forget to prepare for dismount. Get your plates and forks ready as these\neggs will continue to set up as they rest. You may want to hit your eggs with\na little more salt and pepper once they're plated or try one of our savory\nsuggestions we have going on below:\n\nFeta and Za’atar Stir 2 Tbsp. crumbled feta and 1⁄4 tsp. za'atar into eggs\nhalfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt and more za'atar just\nbefore serving.\n\nParmesan and Basil Stir 2 Tbsp. grated Parmesan and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped\nfresh basil into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle with flaky sea salt\nand more basil just before serving.\n\nSoy and Scallion Add 1⁄2 tsp. soy sauce to eggs before whipping. Stir 2\ntrimmed, thinly sliced scallions into eggs halfway through cooking. Sprinkle\nwith flaky sea salt just before serving.\n\nCream Cheese and Chives Stir 1 Tbsp. cream cheese and 1 Tbsp. finely chopped\nfresh chives into eggs halfway through cooking. Top with flaky sea salt and\nmore chives just before serving.\n\nHot Cheddar Stir 2 Tbsp. grated cheddar into eggs halfway through cooking. Top\nwith flaky sea salt and hot sauce just before serving.\n\n## Get the recipe: BA's Best Soft Scrambled Eggs\n\nExplore Bon AppétitEggScrambled EggsBasically\n\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\nrecommendations you trust.\n\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Privacy Policy and\nCookie Statement (updated as of 1/1/21) and Your California Privacy Rights.\nBon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased\nthrough our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The\nmaterial on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached\nor otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad\nChoices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"
},
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"original_url": "https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210506221359/https://www.bonappetit.com/test-kitchen/common-mistakes/article/scrambled-egg-common-mistakes",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tips for Fluffier, Better Scrambled Eggs - Bon Appétit",
"passages": [
"Making scrambled eggs isn't exactly rocket science—but our test kitchen has outlined a few surprising ways you might be getting it wrong.",
"For many young cooks, a pan of scrambled eggs is the first dish they master. But after we crack those first few eggs, it's probably a technique we don't think about very often. In fact, for most of us, a batch of scrambled eggs is the ultimate culinary autopilot: Just crack, break apart with whatever kitchen implement is nearest, toss in some cheese, and pile on toast. But stop right there, scramblers! Our test kitchen has outlined a few necessary tips that will take your eggs from spongy, dry, and serviceable to fluffy, creamy, soft, and dreamy. After all, as Claire Saffitz, associate food editor, says: \"Scrambled eggs are easy to make, but difficult to do well.\"",
"Saffitz, digital food editor Dawn Perry, and test kitchen contributor Jessie Damuck all agree: This is a job for your trusty nonstick skillet. Sure, we love our cast-irons, but unless they're really, really (reeeeally) well- seasoned, the eggs will stick to the bottom and sides. That means fewer eggs for you, and more scrubbing and scraping when it comes time for cleanup. Perry also advises us to use the right-sized pan for the job: For 2-4 eggs, a small pan will do. For a 6+ scramble, choose a large pan with plenty of surface area.",
"\"The better quality eggs, the better your scramble will be,\" says Damuck. When you're using good quality eggs, you don't need much else to make them shine. The test kitchen prefers to scramble without the addition of cream or milk, although Saffitz does cop to folding in a few knobs of butter toward the end of the cooking process (\"For really luxurious eggs,\" she says). As for what fat to cook the eggs in? Perry uses olive oil and butter interchangeably, although the test kitchen does agree: If you're up for indulging, butter makes it better.",
"There's no way around it: You're going to have to dirty another dish. Crack the eggs into a bowl, and break apart the yolks with a whisk before beating them well to combine. Cracking the eggs directly into the pan and using a spoon or spatula will result in a streaky, not-soft scramble.",
"A silicone or heat-proof spatula is the ideal tool for this job. A wooden spoon will work in a pinch, but it's just not as good at getting into the seam where the sides of the pan meet the bottom. Don't use a metal spatula, which could scrape and scratch the nonstick coating.",
"Preheat the pan over medium heat, but don't get too crazy with the flame when it comes time to actually cook the eggs. \"Scrambled eggs should be cooked slowly, over medium-low heat,\" explains Perry. \"A good scramble takes a minute!\" Go hotter, and you'll have overly dry eggs. Worried they're cooking up too fast? Simple. Just remove the pan from the flame as you continue to stir the eggs. Which brings us to our next tip...",
"Scrambled egg-eaters fall into one of two camps: big curd lovers, and small curd enthusiasts. For large, creamy curds, use a sweeping motion with the spatula, covering as much surface area as possible as you cook the eggs. For a smaller, finer curd, use small, rapid circles. Saffitz even knows some chefs who vigorously whisk eggs in the pan for a mousse-like texture.",
"Remove your eggs from the stovetop before they're finished cooking. They should still look loose and a bit runny. (If you prefer eating custardy eggs rather than well-cooked ones, remove them when they look very loose, and the curds have just begun to set.) As Perry reminds us, \"Eggs are a protein, and like all proteins, they will continue to cook after you remove them from the heat.\" If you're serving them at the table, consider transferring them to a serving platter—that hot skillet will do nothing but continue to cook the eggs.",
"Who doesn't love cheesy scrambled eggs? They key here is to use shredded or crumbled cheese, so it melts quickly—and don't add it until after you remove it from the heat, when the eggs are almost finished cooking. Some of our favorites? Soft goat cheese, feta, and cheddar. Fresh herbs make a world of difference, provided you choose the right ones. Go for tender herbs, like parsley, chervil, tarragon, dill, and chives, and sprinkle them on just before digging in. And you'll notice we didn't say a word about seasoning until now. Saffitz prefers to season with salt and black pepper (lots of black pepper) at the very end of the cooking process. Otherwise, salt draws out moisture from the eggs and could render them dry.",
"© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and Your California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from products that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate Partnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced, distributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior written permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tips for Fluffier, Better Scrambled Eggs - Bon Appétit | Bon Appétit\n\nSkip to main content\n\nTo revisit this article, visit My Profile, thenView saved stories.\n\nTo revisit this article, select My Account, thenView saved stories\n\nSign In\n\nSearch\n\n * Recipes\n * Healthyish\n * Basically\n * Restaurants\n * Highly Recommend\n * Podcast\n * Videos\n * Shop\n\ntechniques\n\n# Common Mistakes to Avoid and Tips to Follow for the Best Scrambled Eggs Ever\n\nMaking scrambled eggs isn't exactly rocket science—but our test kitchen has\noutlined a few surprising ways you might be getting it wrong.\n\nBy Rochelle Bilow\n\nFebruary 11, 2015\n\nChristina Holmes\n\nFor many young cooks, a pan of scrambled eggs is the first dish they master.\nBut after we crack those first few eggs, it's probably a technique we don't\nthink about very often. In fact, for most of us, a batch of scrambled eggs is\nthe ultimate culinary autopilot: Just crack, break apart with whatever kitchen\nimplement is nearest, toss in some cheese, and pile on toast. But stop right\nthere, scramblers! Our test kitchen has outlined a few necessary tips that\nwill take your eggs from spongy, dry, and serviceable to fluffy, creamy, soft,\nand dreamy. After all, as Claire Saffitz, associate food editor, says:\n\"Scrambled eggs are easy to make, but difficult to do well.\"\n\n1\\. Embrace the Nonstick Pan\n\nSaffitz, digital food editor Dawn Perry, and test kitchen contributor Jessie\nDamuck all agree: This is a job for your trusty nonstick skillet. Sure, we\nlove our cast-irons, but unless they're really, really (reeeeally) well-\nseasoned, the eggs will stick to the bottom and sides. That means fewer eggs\nfor you, and more scrubbing and scraping when it comes time for cleanup. Perry\nalso advises us to use the right-sized pan for the job: For 2-4 eggs, a small\npan will do. For a 6+ scramble, choose a large pan with plenty of surface\narea.\n\n2\\. Skip the Milk and Cream\n\n\"The better quality eggs, the better your scramble will be,\" says Damuck. When\nyou're using good quality eggs, you don't need much else to make them shine.\nThe test kitchen prefers to scramble without the addition of cream or milk,\nalthough Saffitz does cop to folding in a few knobs of butter toward the end\nof the cooking process (\"For really luxurious eggs,\" she says). As for what\nfat to cook the eggs in? Perry uses olive oil and butter interchangeably,\nalthough the test kitchen does agree: If you're up for indulging, butter makes\nit better.\n\nScrambled Eggs, Avocado, and Smoke Salmon, on Toast. Photo: Ditte Isager\n\n3\\. Don't Crack the Eggs into the Pan\n\nThere's no way around it: You're going to have to dirty another dish. Crack\nthe eggs into a bowl, and break apart the yolks with a whisk before beating\nthem well to combine. Cracking the eggs directly into the pan and using a\nspoon or spatula will result in a streaky, not-soft scramble.\n\n4\\. A Silicone Spatula is Best\n\nA silicone or heat-proof spatula is the ideal tool for this job. A wooden\nspoon will work in a pinch, but it's just not as good at getting into the seam\nwhere the sides of the pan meet the bottom. Don't use a metal spatula, which\ncould scrape and scratch the nonstick coating.\n\n5\\. Cook 'Em Low and Slow\n\nPreheat the pan over medium heat, but don't get too crazy with the flame when\nit comes time to actually cook the eggs. \"Scrambled eggs should be cooked\nslowly, over medium-low heat,\" explains Perry. \"A good scramble takes a\nminute!\" Go hotter, and you'll have overly dry eggs. Worried they're cooking\nup too fast? Simple. Just remove the pan from the flame as you continue to\nstir the eggs. Which brings us to our next tip...\n\nSoft Scrambled Eggs with Fresh Ricotta and Chives. Photo: Lisa Hubbard\n\n6\\. Know Your Curds, and Do the Right Moves\n\nScrambled egg-eaters fall into one of two camps: big curd lovers, and small\ncurd enthusiasts. For large, creamy curds, use a sweeping motion with the\nspatula, covering as much surface area as possible as you cook the eggs. For a\nsmaller, finer curd, use small, rapid circles. Saffitz even knows some chefs\nwho vigorously whisk eggs in the pan for a mousse-like texture.\n\n7\\. Account for Carryover Cooking\n\nRemove your eggs from the stovetop before they're finished cooking. They\nshould still look loose and a bit runny. (If you prefer eating custardy eggs\nrather than well-cooked ones, remove them when they look very loose, and the\ncurds have just begun to set.) As Perry reminds us, \"Eggs are a protein, and\nlike all proteins, they will continue to cook after you remove them from the\nheat.\" If you're serving them at the table, consider transferring them to a\nserving platter—that hot skillet will do nothing but continue to cook the\neggs.\n\n8\\. Don't Forget the Add-Ins\n\nWho doesn't love cheesy scrambled eggs? They key here is to use shredded or\ncrumbled cheese, so it melts quickly—and don't add it until after you remove\nit from the heat, when the eggs are almost finished cooking. Some of our\nfavorites? Soft goat cheese, feta, and cheddar. Fresh herbs make a world of\ndifference, provided you choose the right ones. Go for tender herbs, like\nparsley, chervil, tarragon, dill, and chives, and sprinkle them on just before\ndigging in. And you'll notice we didn't say a word about seasoning until now.\nSaffitz prefers to season with salt and black pepper (lots of black pepper) at\nthe very end of the cooking process. Otherwise, salt draws out moisture from\nthe eggs and could render them dry.\n\nThese Scrambled Eggs with Spinach and Parmesan are equally great at breakfast\nand dinner.\n\nNow, how about some deviled eggs to go with your scrambled eggs?\n\nExplore Bon AppétitCommon MistakesEggScrambled Eggs\n\nRecipes you want to make. Cooking advice that works. Restaurant\nrecommendations you trust.\n\n© 2021 Condé Nast. All rights reserved. Use of this site constitutes\nacceptance of our User Agreement and Privacy Policy and Cookie Statement and\nYour California Privacy Rights. Bon Appétit may earn a portion of sales from\nproducts that are purchased through our site as part of our Affiliate\nPartnerships with retailers. The material on this site may not be reproduced,\ndistributed, transmitted, cached or otherwise used, except with the prior\nwritten permission of Condé Nast. Ad Choices\n\nFood Innovation Group\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210427034907/https://www.seriouseats.com/2015/05/how-to-make-scrambled-eggs.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way",
"passages": [
"My girlfriend, Kate, and I have an ongoing disagreement about scrambled eggs. She's in the crack-'em-into-a-hot-pan-and-stir-until-well-done camp, which produces firm eggs that have visible striations of white and yolk. Influenced by my days as a professional cook, I belong to the soft-scrambled-or-bust party. Ultimately, there's no right or wrong—in the world of scrambled eggs, it's all about your personal preference.*",
"Ha, that's just the BS that I tell her to keep the peace. We all know soft-scrambled eggs are the only way to go. Also, anyone have a couch I can sleep on tonight?",
"Before I go any further, I want to acknowledge one thing. Yes, I realize that writing an article on how to scramble eggs treads dangerously close to \"How to Boil Water\" territory. It's such a fundamentally simple dish that an explanation almost seems absurd.",
"And yet there are some finer points worth describing when it comes to scrambled eggs, and even a misconception or two worth dispelling. So, with that in mind, here's what you need to know when scrambling eggs, whether you want them American-diner-style or as silky as you find them in the fanciest restaurants.",
"The results of our test of pre-salting eggs, with the longest duration at left and progressively shorter durations moving to the right. Pre-salting made little to no difference; if anything, it produced moister, more tender eggs. [Photograph: Robyn Lee]",
"Perhaps the biggest thing some people get wrong about scrambled eggs is when to add the salt. There's a common belief that salting the eggs in advance of cooking makes them watery or tough—some folks even refuse to add salt until after the eggs have cooked. It's easy to see why: Add salt to beaten eggs and let them sit for even a few minutes, and the eggs turn a darker shade of orange, become slightly translucent, and appear to be thinner than before. It appears that the salt is doing undesirable things to the eggs.",
"But after testing this, Kenji and I both found that pre-salting is beneficial, helping the eggs retain their moisture and tenderness. The reason is that salt acts as a buffer between the proteins in the eggs, preventing them from linking as tightly as they otherwise would during cooking. The tighter they link, the more water they push out and the tougher they become, so this buffering property of salt helps to mitigate some of that.",
"The overall effect is fairly minor, so I wouldn't say that it's worth going to the trouble of pre-salting your eggs hours in advance, but at least you don't need to worry. Add salt whenever you want, since it won't hurt a thing.",
"Next up is deciding whether to add any liquids to the eggs. It's pretty common to add a splash of milk or cream to the beaten eggs before scrambling, so I thought it would be fun to test it out.",
"To do it, I made several batches of three beaten large eggs each, with different amounts and types of liquid: one, two, and three tablespoons of water; one, two, and three tablespoons of whole milk; and one, two, and three tablespoons of cream. I seasoned each with 1% salt by weight, added half a tablespoon of butter to each, and also prepared a control batch that had just the beaten eggs, butter, and salt, with no liquid added. To control for the inevitable variations in cooking that would occur if I made each batch in a skillet, I cooked all of these eggs sous vide at 167°F (75°C) for 20 minutes, massaging the bags throughout to scramble the eggs.",
"What I found basically corresponds to expectations: As the volume of added liquid in the eggs goes up, the eggs themselves become softer and moister. At the same time, as the fat content of the liquid goes up, the eggs become richer and firmer. So, three tablespoons of cream per three eggs will be firmer than eggs made with three tablespoons of water, but both batches will be softer and moister than eggs made with one tablespoon of either cream or water.",
"The batches made with cream, to my taste, were a little too rich and custardy, especially at the higher volume levels. Water, as would be expected, added moisture and lightness without flavor, which wasn't exactly appealing. (Stock or dashi, however, would be interesting additions, producing something not too different from chawan mushi, the Japanese custard with dashi.)",
"The control batch, meanwhile, was the densest, bordering on rubbery. Ultimately, my preference was for whole milk, with a ratio of two tablespoons per three large eggs. This yielded moist, light eggs that were just rich enough, without going overboard.",
"That said, when you scramble eggs in a skillet, you have a tremendous amount of control over both moisture level and texture depending on the technique you use. While my sous vide control batch of plain eggs wasn't my favorite, it's possible to get a very different result with those same plain eggs in a skillet. The key is in how you apply heat to them, and how you agitate them as they cook.",
"One risk of adding liquid to eggs that's worth mentioning: There's a greater chance that water will be squeezed out as the eggs cook, especially if you like them well done. An analogous effect is the weeping and pitting that can happen when a custard is overcooked—loaded with cream (which is mostly water), a custard can break and weep if exposed to too much heat. The same can happen with scrambled eggs.",
"Overall, I'd consider liquid add-ins a way to modify the texture, flavor, and moisture level of the eggs, though they're much less important than the cooking method itself.",
"So now we get to the most important decision when scrambling eggs: the scrambling technique itself. There are endless possible variations, but I'm going to break it down into three overarching groups: very soft and loose eggs with barely perceptible curds (i.e., fancy-French-restaurant scrambled eggs); soft-scrambled eggs with small, delicate curds; and dry, fluffy eggs with large curds.",
"Two factors determine which of the three types you'll end up with: your method of agitation and how hot the pan is. Let's take a closer look at each type of scrambled eggs.",
"These are the scrambled eggs made famous by the chef Jean-Georges Vongerichten, and the trick to making them yourself is using incredibly low heat and a whisk.",
"Then set it over very low heat (you can also use a double boiler, but it's not required), and cook the eggs, whisking gently the entire time.",
"The goal of the constant whisking is to break up the curds as soon as they form; the whisk's multiple wires help with this, slicing through the eggs over and over as they cook. If done properly, it's a slow, boring process, at times leaving you to wonder if the eggs are cooking at all.",
"The whisking has another effect: It makes the eggs less fluffy. The fluffiness in scrambled eggs (and also soufflés) comes from the expansion of heated gas and water vapor that's trapped in bubbles within the eggs. Through whisking, those bubbles are repeatedly broken and disturbed, allowing the gas and water vapor to escape. The low heat of this method also reduces fluffiness, since the eggs never get hot enough for the gas and water vapor to expand the way they would under high heat.",
"Eventually, the eggs thicken to a custardy texture with tiny curds. They're not just spoonable; they're actually still pourable—the overall effect is very luxurious, though, I have to admit, this isn't a style of scrambled eggs I'd want to eat in large doses, or on a plate, like in the photo below. This is the kind of scrambled egg that's better suited to being delicately spooned in small dollops onto toasts, then topped with things like caviar or lobster.",
"This is my favorite way of scrambling eggs. It's similar to the fancy French eggs above, but not quite as extreme.",
"Once again, we work over low heat, though it's okay if it's a little more intense than the barely-there heat of the French eggs. And, once again, we stir constantly, or at least very, very frequently. We still want to break up the curds as they form to prevent them from becoming big and fluffy, but we don't need to pulverize them quite as much as in the fancy French version.",
"I start in a cold nonstick skillet, just to prevent the eggs from seizing up the way they do when they hit a hot pan. Then I set them over medium-low or medium heat and stir, using a silicone spatula. The wider surface area of the skillet allows curds to form more quickly than they would in a saucepan, which is fine in this case. The spatula, meanwhile, is friendly on the nonstick surface, and breaks up the curds more gradually, allowing them to become slightly bigger.",
"It's important to take the eggs off the heat a little before they reach the desired doneness level, since they will continue to cook from residual heat, especially while still in the hot pan. If you take them off the heat and find after several seconds of stirring that they're still not where you want them, you can always pop the pan back on the heat for a few seconds to nudge them in the right direction.",
"While I go with the method above, a lot of people like their eggs cooked a little harder, with big, fluffy, diner-style curds. If this is your chosen scramble, start by melting butter in a nonstick skillet. Medium-high to high heat is our best bet here.",
"Once again, we scramble with a silicone spatula, though this time it's okay if we don't break the curds up as much. Big, fluffy sheets should start forming pretty quickly on the bottom of the pan.",
"The eggs come out drier (though hopefully not dry), with curds that don't necessarily all stick together. They should be fluffy, with a springy bite. Add ketchup if you must.",
"For the most part, we want to add anything solid near the end, just before the eggs are done. That way, the add-ins can be incorporated and warm up or melt without interfering with the eggs. Vegetables that release water, like mushrooms, should be fully cooked first, so that they've already released their water before going into the eggs. (If you don't want the color of your add-in to affect your eggs, remove 'em from the pan for a minute while you get the eggs cooked.) With raw tomato, such as in Tex-Mex migas, your best bet is to pre-salt the diced tomato to draw out as much water as possible before adding it to the eggs.",
"All products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We may earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.",
"Daniel cooked for years in some of New York's top American, Italian and French restaurants - starting at the age of 13, when he began staging at the legendary restaurant Chanterelle. He spent nearly a year working on organic farms in Europe, where he harvested almonds and Padron peppers in Spain, shepherded a flock of more than 200 sheep in Italy, and made charcuterie in France. When not working on, thinking about, cooking and eating food, he blows off steam (and calories) as an instructor of capoeira, the Afro-Brazilian martial art.",
"Post whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We reserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on our Terms of Use page."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way | Serious Eats\n\n * Scrambled Eggs\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n * Cooking Techniques\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n * Eggs\n * Scrambled Eggs\n\n * Recipes\n * Meal\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\n# Tips and Tricks for the Best Scrambled Eggs, Your Way\n\nDaniel Gritzer\n\n65 Printer-Friendly Version\n\nPublished: May 14, 2015 Last Updated: November 1, 2019\n\n[Photographs: Vicky Wasik, unless otherwise noted. Video: Serious Eats Video]\n\n### Get the Recipes\n\n * Fluffy Scrambled Eggs\n * Soft-Scrambled Eggs\n * French-Style Soft, Spoonable Scrambled Eggs\n\nMy girlfriend, Kate, and I have an ongoing disagreement about scrambled eggs.\nShe's in the crack-'em-into-a-hot-pan-and-stir-until-well-done camp, which\nproduces firm eggs that have visible striations of white and yolk. Influenced\nby my days as a professional cook, I belong to the soft-scrambled-or-bust\nparty. Ultimately, there's no right or wrong—in the world of scrambled eggs,\nit's all about your personal preference.*\n\n* Ha, that's just the BS that I tell her to keep the peace. We all know soft-scrambled eggs are the only way to go. Also, anyone have a couch I can sleep on tonight?\n\nBefore I go any further, I want to acknowledge one thing. Yes, I realize that\nwriting an article on how to scramble eggs treads dangerously close to \"How to\nBoil Water\" territory. It's such a fundamentally simple dish that an\nexplanation almost seems absurd.\n\nAnd yet there are some finer points worth describing when it comes to\nscrambled eggs, and even a misconception or two worth dispelling. So, with\nthat in mind, here's what you need to know when scrambling eggs, whether you\nwant them American-diner-style or as silky as you find them in the fanciest\nrestaurants.\n\n### Let's Start With the Big Myth: Pre-Salting\n\nThe results of our test of pre-salting eggs, with the longest duration at left\nand progressively shorter durations moving to the right. Pre-salting made\nlittle to no difference; if anything, it produced moister, more tender eggs.\n[Photograph: Robyn Lee]\n\nPerhaps the biggest thing some people get wrong about scrambled eggs is when\nto add the salt. There's a common belief that salting the eggs in advance of\ncooking makes them watery or tough—some folks even refuse to add salt until\nafter the eggs have cooked. It's easy to see why: Add salt to beaten eggs and\nlet them sit for even a few minutes, and the eggs turn a darker shade of\norange, become slightly translucent, and appear to be thinner than before. It\nappears that the salt is doing undesirable things to the eggs.\n\nBut after testing this, Kenji and I both found that pre-salting is beneficial,\nhelping the eggs retain their moisture and tenderness. The reason is that salt\nacts as a buffer between the proteins in the eggs, preventing them from\nlinking as tightly as they otherwise would during cooking. The tighter they\nlink, the more water they push out and the tougher they become, so this\nbuffering property of salt helps to mitigate some of that.\n\nThe overall effect is fairly minor, so I wouldn't say that it's worth going to\nthe trouble of pre-salting your eggs hours in advance, but at least you don't\nneed to worry. Add salt whenever you want, since it won't hurt a thing.\n\n### Milk, Cream, and Other Liquid Add-Ins\n\nNext up is deciding whether to add any liquids to the eggs. It's pretty common\nto add a splash of milk or cream to the beaten eggs before scrambling, so I\nthought it would be fun to test it out.\n\nTo do it, I made several batches of three beaten large eggs each, with\ndifferent amounts and types of liquid: one, two, and three tablespoons of\nwater; one, two, and three tablespoons of whole milk; and one, two, and three\ntablespoons of cream. I seasoned each with 1% salt by weight, added half a\ntablespoon of butter to each, and also prepared a control batch that had just\nthe beaten eggs, butter, and salt, with no liquid added. To control for the\ninevitable variations in cooking that would occur if I made each batch in a\nskillet, I cooked all of these eggs sous vide at 167°F (75°C) for 20 minutes,\nmassaging the bags throughout to scramble the eggs.\n\nWhat I found basically corresponds to expectations: As the volume of added\nliquid in the eggs goes up, the eggs themselves become softer and moister. At\nthe same time, as the fat content of the liquid goes up, the eggs become\nricher and firmer. So, three tablespoons of cream per three eggs will be\nfirmer than eggs made with three tablespoons of water, but both batches will\nbe softer and moister than eggs made with one tablespoon of either cream or\nwater.\n\nThe batches made with cream, to my taste, were a little too rich and custardy,\nespecially at the higher volume levels. Water, as would be expected, added\nmoisture and lightness without flavor, which wasn't exactly appealing. (Stock\nor dashi, however, would be interesting additions, producing something not too\ndifferent from chawan mushi, the Japanese custard with dashi.)\n\nThe control batch, meanwhile, was the densest, bordering on rubbery.\nUltimately, my preference was for whole milk, with a ratio of two tablespoons\nper three large eggs. This yielded moist, light eggs that were just rich\nenough, without going overboard.\n\nThat said, when you scramble eggs in a skillet, you have a tremendous amount\nof control over both moisture level and texture depending on the technique you\nuse. While my sous vide control batch of plain eggs wasn't my favorite, it's\npossible to get a very different result with those same plain eggs in a\nskillet. The key is in how you apply heat to them, and how you agitate them as\nthey cook.\n\nOne risk of adding liquid to eggs that's worth mentioning: There's a greater\nchance that water will be squeezed out as the eggs cook, especially if you\nlike them well done. An analogous effect is the weeping and pitting that can\nhappen when a custard is overcooked—loaded with cream (which is mostly water),\na custard can break and weep if exposed to too much heat. The same can happen\nwith scrambled eggs.\n\nOverall, I'd consider liquid add-ins a way to modify the texture, flavor, and\nmoisture level of the eggs, though they're much less important than the\ncooking method itself.\n\n### Heat and Agitation\n\nSo now we get to the most important decision when scrambling eggs: the\nscrambling technique itself. There are endless possible variations, but I'm\ngoing to break it down into three overarching groups: very soft and loose eggs\nwith barely perceptible curds (i.e., fancy-French-restaurant scrambled eggs);\nsoft-scrambled eggs with small, delicate curds; and dry, fluffy eggs with\nlarge curds.\n\nTwo factors determine which of the three types you'll end up with: your method\nof agitation and how hot the pan is. Let's take a closer look at each type of\nscrambled eggs.\n\n#### Fancy, Spoonable French Eggs\n\nThese are the scrambled eggs made famous by the chef Jean-Georges\nVongerichten, and the trick to making them yourself is using incredibly low\nheat and a whisk.\n\nStart by adding the beaten eggs and a pat of butter to a cold saucepan.\n\nThen set it over very low heat (you can also use a double boiler, but it's not\nrequired), and cook the eggs, whisking gently the entire time.\n\nThe goal of the constant whisking is to break up the curds as soon as they\nform; the whisk's multiple wires help with this, slicing through the eggs over\nand over as they cook. If done properly, it's a slow, boring process, at times\nleaving you to wonder if the eggs are cooking at all.\n\nThe whisking has another effect: It makes the eggs less fluffy. The fluffiness\nin scrambled eggs (and also soufflés) comes from the expansion of heated gas\nand water vapor that's trapped in bubbles within the eggs. Through whisking,\nthose bubbles are repeatedly broken and disturbed, allowing the gas and water\nvapor to escape. The low heat of this method also reduces fluffiness, since\nthe eggs never get hot enough for the gas and water vapor to expand the way\nthey would under high heat.\n\nEventually, the eggs thicken to a custardy texture with tiny curds. They're\nnot just spoonable; they're actually still pourable—the overall effect is very\nluxurious, though, I have to admit, this isn't a style of scrambled eggs I'd\nwant to eat in large doses, or on a plate, like in the photo below. This is\nthe kind of scrambled egg that's better suited to being delicately spooned in\nsmall dollops onto toasts, then topped with things like caviar or lobster.\n\n#### Soft-Scrambled Eggs\n\nThis is my favorite way of scrambling eggs. It's similar to the fancy French\neggs above, but not quite as extreme.\n\nOnce again, we work over low heat, though it's okay if it's a little more\nintense than the barely-there heat of the French eggs. And, once again, we\nstir constantly, or at least very, very frequently. We still want to break up\nthe curds as they form to prevent them from becoming big and fluffy, but we\ndon't need to pulverize them quite as much as in the fancy French version.\n\nI start in a cold nonstick skillet, just to prevent the eggs from seizing up\nthe way they do when they hit a hot pan. Then I set them over medium-low or\nmedium heat and stir, using a silicone spatula. The wider surface area of the\nskillet allows curds to form more quickly than they would in a saucepan, which\nis fine in this case. The spatula, meanwhile, is friendly on the nonstick\nsurface, and breaks up the curds more gradually, allowing them to become\nslightly bigger.\n\nPretty quickly, these eggs will start to set.\n\nIt's important to take the eggs off the heat a little before they reach the\ndesired doneness level, since they will continue to cook from residual heat,\nespecially while still in the hot pan. If you take them off the heat and find\nafter several seconds of stirring that they're still not where you want them,\nyou can always pop the pan back on the heat for a few seconds to nudge them in\nthe right direction.\n\nThe resulting eggs are creamy and moist, but not wet or runny.\n\n#### Fluffy Eggs\n\nWhile I go with the method above, a lot of people like their eggs cooked a\nlittle harder, with big, fluffy, diner-style curds. If this is your chosen\nscramble, start by melting butter in a nonstick skillet. Medium-high to high\nheat is our best bet here.\n\nOnce the butter is hot and foamy, we're ready to roll.\n\nIn go the eggs.\n\nOnce again, we scramble with a silicone spatula, though this time it's okay if\nwe don't break the curds up as much. Big, fluffy sheets should start forming\npretty quickly on the bottom of the pan.\n\nWe just keep cooking, stirring those curds, until the last traces of wetness\ndisappear.\n\nThe eggs come out drier (though hopefully not dry), with curds that don't\nnecessarily all stick together. They should be fluffy, with a springy bite.\nAdd ketchup if you must.\n\n### Herbs, Vegetables, and Solid Add-Ins\n\nOnce you've mastered your ideal scrambled eggs, you may start to wonder about\nadding cheese, herbs, or vegetables.\n\nFor the most part, we want to add anything solid near the end, just before the\neggs are done. That way, the add-ins can be incorporated and warm up or melt\nwithout interfering with the eggs. Vegetables that release water, like\nmushrooms, should be fully cooked first, so that they've already released\ntheir water before going into the eggs. (If you don't want the color of your\nadd-in to affect your eggs, remove 'em from the pan for a minute while you get\nthe eggs cooked.) With raw tomato, such as in Tex-Mex migas, your best bet is\nto pre-salt the diced tomato to draw out as much water as possible before\nadding it to the eggs.\n\nNow go ahead: Make my egg.\n\n### Get the Recipes\n\n * #### Fluffy Scrambled Eggs\n\nView Recipe »\n\n * #### Soft-Scrambled Eggs\n\nView Recipe »\n\n * #### French-Style Soft, Spoonable Scrambled Eggs\n\nView Recipe »\n\nAll products linked here have been independently selected by our editors. We\nmay earn a commission on purchases, as described in our affiliate policy.\n\nDaniel Gritzer Culinary Director\n\n * Profile\n * Twitter\n * Contact\n\nDaniel cooked for years in some of New York's top American, Italian and French\nrestaurants - starting at the age of 13, when he began staging at the\nlegendary restaurant Chanterelle. He spent nearly a year working on organic\nfarms in Europe, where he harvested almonds and Padron peppers in Spain,\nshepherded a flock of more than 200 sheep in Italy, and made charcuterie in\nFrance. When not working on, thinking about, cooking and eating food, he blows\noff steam (and calories) as an instructor of capoeira, the Afro-Brazilian\nmartial art.\n\n65 Printer-Friendly Version\n\n###### Tags\n\n * breakfast\n * egg\n * essential\n * how-to\n * technique\n\nGuide to\n\nEggs\n\n * Scrambled Eggs\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n * Cooking Techniques\n\nMore Breadcrumbs\n\n * Recipes\n * Ingredient\n * Eggs\n * Scrambled Eggs\n\n * Recipes\n * Meal\n * Breakfast and Brunch\n\n * How-Tos\n * Cooking Techniques\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\nSign In or Register\n\nShow 65 Comments\n\n##### Comments\n\n### Hello Eater!\n\nWant to comment? Sign In or Register\n\n##### ADD A COMMENT\n\n##### PREVIEW YOUR COMMENT\n\n##### HTML Hints\n\nSome HTML is OK: <a href=\"URL\">link</a>, <strong>strong</strong>, <em>em</em>\n\n##### Comment Guidelines\n\nPost whatever you want, just keep it seriously about eats, seriously. We\nreserve the right to delete off-topic or inflammatory comments. Learn more on\nour Terms of Use page.\n\nIf you see something not so nice, please, report an inappropriate comment.\n\nHIDE COMMENTS\n\n## Popular Recipes\n\nAmerican\n\n#### Foolproof Pan Pizza\n\nThis cast iron pizza recipe is the easiest method for making a crisp-crusted,\nairy, chewy pan pizza at home.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nBaking\n\n#### BraveTart: Glossy Fudge Brownies\n\nWith Dutch cocoa, dark chocolate, and vanilla, these brown butter brownies\nhave it all.\n\nStella Parks\n\nChristmas\n\n#### The Best Crispy Roast Potatoes Ever\n\nThese are the crispiest, most flavorful roast potatoes you'll ever make.\n\nJ. Kenji López-Alt\n\nCondiments and Sauces\n\n#### Traditional Toum (Lebanese Garlic Sauce)\n\nA creamy and pungent garlic paste, perfect for grilled meats or in a\ntraditional chicken shawarma.\n\nSohla El-Waylly\n\n## More Breakfast and Brunch\n\n#### The Food Lab: How to Make the Best Light and Fluffy Pancakes\n\n#### Taste Test: The Best Supermarket Bacon\n\n#### All the Best Ways to Cook Bacon (And All the Ways Not To)\n\nSerious Eats\n\n * Latest\n * Masthead\n * Contact\n * About\n * Advertise\n * Jobs\n * Sitemap\n * FAQ\n\nFollow Us\n\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * © 2021 Serious Eats Inc., by Dotdash\n\n#### Welcome! Please sign in.\n\n"
}
] |
522,211 | How To Add a Lean To Onto a Shed | Adding a lean to onto a shed involves leveling the earth where the lean to will go and setting posts that will be locked in place with concrete. Then, boards, called nailers, are attached horizontally across the posts, and one is added just below the roof of the existing shed. Rafters are then nailed into the nailers to support the roof and the roof is added on top of that. Any interior walls or partitions will be added next, and then doors and flooring. The exterior walls are added last to complete the project. | [
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20200601053806/https://www.familyhandyman.com/sheds/diy-storage-shed-building-tips/",
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"http://web.archive.org/web/20200416143743/https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/",
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] | train | 337 | [
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"original_url": "https://usanorth811.org/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211202012003/https://usanorth811.org/",
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"title": "Call 811 Before You Dig",
"passages": [
"If you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to ensure you stay safe during your next project!",
"If you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to ensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!",
"If you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update your member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!",
"If you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to ensure you stay safe during your next project!",
"If you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to ensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!",
"If you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update your member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!",
"Excavation work in California, which includes agricultural activities, has required a “call before you dig” ticket since the 1980’s. Standard tickets are valid for 28 days and can be renewed if work is ongoing. In 2017, lawmakers created an ‘Area of Continual Excavation’ (ACE) ticket that is valid for one calendar year and available to farmers and certain flood control facility operators. The goal was to create a safe and less burdensome option from the normal ticket process that complies with safe digging laws.",
"Visit www.usanorth811.org to submit your ticket online, or dial 811; available 24 hours a day, 7 days a week (including holidays). If you are requesting an ACE ticket, just let us know over the phone, or select the appropriate option when submitting your ticket online.",
"Utility owners have at least two working days, not including the day of notification, to respond to your ticket by marking the site, providing information on the location of their facilities underground, or giving an ‘all clear’ if there are no facilities in the dig area.",
"Excavators must confirm that ALL utility members on the ticket have responded before excavation can begin, even if the start date and time has passed (submitting a ‘No Response’ to the ticket will send another notification to the utility owner. Call us at 811 or log into your E-Ticket account to submit a No Response on your ticket).",
"Excavators are required to use hand tools only within 24 inches on either side of the underground line and are responsible for the safety and protection of any facilities while they are exposed.",
"ACE tickets are ONLY available to farmers and flood control facilities where the excavation is part of “normal business activities.” A flood control facility is defined in Title 19 of the California Code of Regulations as “an engineered basin operated by a state or local agency, used for the temporary slowing and storing of storm water runoff and for which regular removal of debris is required.\"",
"For areas of continual excavation that include or are within 10 feet of a high priority subsurface installation, an onsite meeting between a representative of the excavator and the operator of the high priority subsurface installation is required, and must be facilitated by using an Area of Continual Excavation Agreement (form below).",
"An onsite meeting must take place at a mutually agreed upon date and time on the property where the high priority subsurface installation is present. Representatives must be authorized to enter into an agreement and be prepared with all the relevant information of their respective operations.",
"If there are contrary understandings of the exact location of the high priority subsurface installation, the operator must demonstrate a conflict with the area of continual excavation by providing documentation of the exact location of the facility or by exposing the facility with hand tools or vacuum excavation at a mutually agreed upon date and time.",
"If the ACE does not contain a high priority subsurface installation and is more than 10 feet away from any high priority subsurface installation, then the operator or excavator may request an optional onsite meeting using the Area of Continual Excavation Optional Agreement (form below).",
"If you are not excavating within the next 14 calendar days a ticket cannot be submitted since the project is in the design phase. To acquire infrastructure information/ location for design purposes, the engineering department of each utility operator must be contacted. USA North 811 provides the Utility Member Contact Lookup tool free of charge. Please use the button below to generate a list of design/engineering contacts.",
"The following is a list of Holidays recognized by California and Nevada. Both California and Nevada One-Call Laws do not allow Federal or State Holidays to be included as part of the legal notice for the excavation notification. For holidays that occur on Saturdays, USA NORTH 811 will observe the holiday the Friday before the holiday. For holidays that occur on Sundays, they will be observed on the following Monday.",
"Welcome to the USA North 811 DIRT portal. Follow the below steps to input your data for either California or Nevada. NOTE: DIRT reporting is done on an anonymous basis and is a tool for data collecting, not enforcement of excavation law. All personal information for the individual entering the report will be removed.",
"If you are trying to input DIRT data for California only, please click the link below to submit your report to the California DIRT Page: (NOTE: When you submit your data through the CA DIRT portal, a report will also be transmitted to the National DIRT program as well fulfilling any National reporting requirements you might have)",
"or click the link below to download and print out a copy of the CA DIRT form for use in the field:",
"If you are trying to input DIRT data for Nevada only, please click the link below to submit your report to the National CGA DIRT Page:",
"To cultivate public safety and damage prevention by creating cohesive lines of communication between excavators and utility operators. Our vision of transparency and fluidity is streamlined by exceptional customer service and public education. We aim to surpass One Call industry best practice standards and inspire inclusive participation from stakeholders.",
"USA North 811 began operation in May of 1975 & incorporated as a 501 (c)(6) Non-Profit Mutual Benefit Corporation in 1986. Our objective is to receive planned excavation reports from public or private excavators and to transmit those planned excavation reports to all participating utility members of USA North 811 who may have facilities in and around that excavation site. Our members will either: 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility, 2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the excavator of clearance, for facilities that they own.",
"The California Regional Common Ground Alliance (CARCGA) is a 501(c)(6) non- profit mutual benefit corporation dedicated to ensuring public safety, environmental protection, and integrity of underground services in California. CARCGA is a Regional Partner of the Common Ground Alliance (CGA). Through the effective promotion of CGA’s damage prevention best practices, CARGCA boasts participation from a variety of stakeholders including but not limited to utility operators and professional excavators.",
"CGA is a member-driven association of 1,700 individuals, organizations and sponsors in every facet of the underground utility industry. Established in 2000, CGA is committed to saving lives and preventing damage to underground infrastructure by promoting effective damage prevention practices. CGA has established itself as the leading organization in an effort to reduce damages to underground facilities in North America through shared responsibility among all stakeholders.",
"The Nevada Regional Common Ground Alliance is open to any individual, organization, municipality or corporation interested in the promotion of underground damage prevention in the state of Nevada. The NRCGA provides a forum for members and non-members to exchange information and ideas at monthly meetings, offers free excavator training on damage prevention and Nevada excavation law, and holds events throughout the year to educate homeowners and excavators about the importance of calling 811 before beginning any digging project.",
"NICE InContact is our latest technology partner that will be providing our Contact Center with a state of the art customer service phone system that will be available before 2020.",
"Norfield is a member-owned technology organization, consisting of notification centers for California (Northern and Southern), Colorado, Illinois, Michigan, Nevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Utah, and Virginia, who collectively process over ten million incoming excavation notification requests annually.",
"WebTMS is a multi-center, web-based One Call Ticket Management System for receiving locate request tickets, managing locator workflow and assignments, transmitting positive responses back to the originating One Call Center, transmitting notifications to excavators, and providing metrics for managers to effectively manage their locate teams and response times. USA North 811 offers utility operators this ticket management solution free of charge.",
"AGREEMENT AND PARTIES. Underground Service Alert of Northern California and Nevada (\"USA North,\" \"us,\" or \"we\") respects the privacy of the visitors to the USA North website (collectively \"website\" or \"site\"). This privacy policy (\"privacy policy\" or \"policy\") is an agreement between USA North and you, as the user of the USA North website (\"you\"). This agreement tells you when this policy is effective, what information we collect from you, how we might use it, how you can review or change the personal information you provided to us, and how we may change this policy. We encourage users to read this policy prior to accessing the features of the site.",
"AGREEMENT TO TERMS. All activities in which you may engage on this website are voluntary. You are not required to provide any personal information to us unless you choose to access features on this site which require the information. If you do not agree with the terms of this policy or other terms of use on this website, then you should immediately exit this website and discontinue using the site. If you do not agree with the terms of our privacy policy, please do not provide us with any personal information and leave this website. By using the USA North website, you signify that you agree to the terms of this privacy policy.",
"This privacy policy is effective as of June 7, 2019, and will remain in effect except with respect to any of its provisions that are changed in the future, in which case the changes will become effective on the date they are posted on the website or we otherwise notify you of the changes. We reserve the right to change this privacy policy at any time. Changes, modifications, additions, or deletions will be effective immediately upon their posting to this site. You should check this policy periodically as its terms may change from time to time. Your continued use of the site after we post any such modifications will constitute your acknowledgement of the modified policy and your agreement to abide and be bound by the modified policy. We will also revise the \"last updated\" date found at the beginning of this privacy policy when we post changes to it.",
"The privacy policy does not extend to anything that is inherent in the operation of the Internet, and therefore beyond USA North's control, and is not to be applied in any manner contrary to applicable law or governmental regulation. This online privacy policy only applies to information collected through this site. This privacy policy does not apply to any information we may collect from you in any place other than this website.",
"TYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. We may ask you for certain information referred to as \"personal information,\" which includes information that pertains to your identity. Such information may include, but is not limited to, items such as your name, company affiliation, address, e-mail address, and telephone number. You may be required to provide personal information to access or use certain parts of our website or features of the site. If you do not provide the requested personal information, you may not be able to access or use the features of the site where such information is requested.",
"USE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION. We will primarily use the personal information we receive from you to provide services to you, including, but not limited to, the following: A. To administer and fulfil the purpose of the USA North program. B. To send surveys to you about our service to better understand your interests and needs, so we can improve our services. If you no longer wish to receive any e-mails from us you may opt out (see Section 12).",
"C. To send alerts to you about our service, updates, changes, and outages. If you no longer wish to receive any SMS messages from us you may opt out (see Section 12 and 13).",
"TYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. There may be other instances in which we collect information from you that is more general in nature (\"general information\"). Such information may include your Internet Protocol (IP) address, which enables us to identify your computer or device on a Transmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network, which includes the World Wide Web. Your computer has an IP address, which is required in order for you to communicate with others via the Internet. Such general information, including cookies, as mentioned below, may be collected from you whenever you access the site, whether or not you provide us with any personal information.",
"When you visit our website we may also collect \"click stream data\" (server address, domain name). This information can be combined with information you have provided to us by registering, for example, which will enable us to analyze and better customize your visits. We may use click stream data for traffic analysis of our website to determine which features of our site are most or least effective or useful to you.",
"We may also use cookies to gather information about your visits to our website and enhance your experience. More information on how we use cookies is available in the section \"Use of Cookies.\"",
"We are strongly committed to not sharing nonpublic information with third parties. Under this Privacy Policy, we may share your information only under particular situations, as described in this Policy. Because we protect all users in this manner, we do not change our behavior in response to a web browser's \"do not track\" signal.",
"Please keep in mind that whenever you give out personal information online there is a risk that third parties may intercept and use that information. While USA North strives to protect your personal information and privacy, we cannot guarantee the security of any information you disclose online. By using this site, you expressly acknowledge and agree that we do not guarantee the security of any data provided to or received by us through this site and that any personal information, general information, or other data or information received from you through the site is provided to us at your own risk, which you expressly assume.",
"USA North intends only persons who are 18 years or older to use this website. Personal registration information submitted by and pertaining to a person under the age of 18 will not be accepted. Any general information provided by and pertaining to a person under the age of 18 and gathered (for example, through the use of cookies) during his or her visit may be used as indicated in this policy (see Section 7). USA North is committed to protecting the privacy of children and has no intention of collecting personal data from children under the age of 18. We encourage parents and guardians of children under 18 to regularly check and monitor their children's use of e-mail and other activities online.",
"PLEASE NOTE: We are a general audience site, and do not direct any of our content specifically at children under 13 years of age. We understand and are committed to respecting the sensitive nature of children's privacy online. If we learn or have reason to suspect that a site user is under age 13, we will promptly delete any personal information in that user's account.",
"WHO MAY HAVE ACCESS TO YOUR INFORMATION. USA North is comprised of various participating members who opt to become members of USA North and who own or operate any underground facilities in the area served by USA North. We provide our services through member agreements with participating members. The participating members carry or transport materials including, but not limited to, water, gas, oil, fuel, and sewage, and/or conduit used for electric, telephone, or other services. USA North provides personal information to its participating members for the purpose of providing services. Our participating members may use your personal information for the purpose of carrying out the work as agreed with us.",
"In addition to members, USA North provides information to the California Underground Facilities Safe Excavation Board (Dig Safe Board) for purposes of compliance with and effectuating the purpose of California Government Code 4216 et seq.",
"Our sole purpose in providing personal information to the participating members is for use by the participating members in providing services related to their membership and the USA North program as contemplated by California Government Code 4216 et. seq. Any other use by participating members is neither intended nor authorized by USA North. The participating members may have adopted individual privacy policies. However, the use of your personal information by participating members is governed by the privacy policies of those participating members and is not subject to our control. Other than to participating members for the purposes set out above, and except as described in this policy, we do not sell, trade, or otherwise transfer your personal information or general information to third parties without informing you in advance.",
"RELEASE OF INFORMATION. USA North will release personal or general information without your consent for security purposes, when required by law, or to prevent imminent harm to any person or entity. We will disclose personal or general information upon receipt of a court order or subpoena, or to cooperate with a law enforcement investigation, which may include responding to requests and court orders from jurisdictions outside the United States. We fully cooperate with law enforcement agencies in identifying those who use our services for illegal activities. We reserve the right to report to law enforcement agencies any activities that we in good faith believe to be unlawful, as determined in our sole discretion. Release of your personal data for security purposes, as described in this agreement to any person or entity under any circumstances shall be based on a determination made solely by us, exercising our own discretion, permission for which is expressly granted by you to us in accordance with this policy.",
"PURPOSE OF LINKS. For your convenience and to improve the usage of the website we may insert links to third parties on this site. This privacy policy does not apply to such third-party websites. These links take you outside our service and off the USA North's site and are beyond our control. This includes links from partners that may use USA North's logos as part of a co-branding agreement. The sites those links can take you to have their own separate privacy policies, and although we seek to protect the integrity of our site, USA North is not liable for the content and activities of those sites. Your visits and access to such websites is at your own risk. Please note that those other sites may send their own cookies to users, collect data, or solicit personal information.",
"COOKIES. A cookie is a small string of information that the website you visit transfers to your computer for identification purposes. Cookies can be used to follow your activity on the website which can help to improve your website experience. Cookies are used for such activities as remembering your user name and password, if you use such a feature on this site. If you prefer not to receive cookies, you may opt not to receive them. You can also have your computer warn you whenever cookies are being used. For both options you must adjust your browser (such as Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Internet Explorer, or other browser) settings. There are also software products available that can manage cookies for you. Please be aware, however, that when you choose to reject cookies, this choice may limit the functionality of the website you visit and you may lose access to some of its features.",
"CHANGING YOUR INFORMATION. You may opt out, delete, or modify your personal information associated with a specific user account, by visiting our website or by contacting us by telephone at 811. We encourage you promptly to update your personal information when it changes. However, personal information submitted in association with a submitted USA North ticket will remain on the ticket and will be maintained by USA North for purposes of its own recordkeeping responsibilities and for purposes of operating its business.",
"Please read these terms and conditions carefully. By opting-in to the text messaging programs, you expressly consent to receive non-marketing and marketing text messages from USA North 811 and others texting on its behalf, including text messages made with an autodialer, at the telephone number(s) that you provide. You may opt-out of these communications at any time, and consent to receive marketing text messages is not required to purchase any goods or services.",
"PROGRAM DESCRIPTION. USA North and its service providers may use an automatic telephone dialing system (“autodialer”) to deliver USA North text messages to you. USA North text messages are intended to provide you with updates and information including service outages, event notifications, service or system upgrades, local and state law updates, and other important 811 information.",
"MESSAGE FREQUENCY. The number of text messages that you receive will vary depending on how many of USA North’s text messaging programs for which you sign up to receive messages. You will receive a maximum of one hundred messages per month.",
"COST. Message and data rates may apply to each text message sent or received in connection with text messages, as provided in your mobile telephone service rate plan (please contact your mobile telephone carrier for pricing plans), in addition to any applicable roaming charges. USA North does not impose a separate fee for sending text messages.",
"SUPPORTED CARRIERS. Supported carriers may change from time to time, but currently include AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, among others.",
"HOW TO OPT-IN. To opt-in to receive text messages from USA North text messaging program(s), please follow the instructions provided. By opting-in, you are agreeing to the following statement: “I agree to receive marketing/autodialed text messages from USA North 811 at the mobile number I have provided. Consent is not required to purchase goods or services.”",
"HOW TO OPT-OUT. To stop receiving text messages from the USA North text messaging program, text STOP to the five digit short code for the text messaging program from which you no longer wish to receive message (i.e., the five digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You will then receive confirmation of your opt-out of that text messaging program.",
"HELP. To request more information, text HELP to the five-digit short code for the text messaging program about which you have questions (i.e., the five digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You may also receive help by visiting the “contact us” page of our website www.usanorth811.org.",
"CONTACT INFORMATION. If you have any questions or comments relating to our website or the privacy policy, contact us by telephone at (800) 640-5137.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"Feedback is good and sometimes it’s the only thing that causes change. Let us know if we are excelling in a certain area of our service or if we are failing to meet your expectations. Either way, we want to hear about it! Please Rant or Rave in the section below.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"1| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT ---|--- 2| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT BUT PRIVATELY OWNED UTILITY ON PROPERTY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE 3| EXISTING MARKINGS ADEQUATE 4| NO MARKINGS REQUESTED 10| LOCATE AREA MARKED 11| LOCATE AREA MARKED BUT ABANDONED FACILITIES MAY BE IN THE AREA 12| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE OWNED UTILITY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE 13| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE PROPERTY 14| PARTIALLY MARKED - MORE TIME IS NEEDED 15| PROVIDED FACILITY LOCATION INFORMATION TO EXCAVATOR (4216.3(a)(1)(A)(ii) 20| BAD ADDRESS/INCORRECT STREET/LOCATION INFO - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 21| NO ACCESS TO LOCATE AREA - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 22| NO DELINEATION - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 23| DELINEATED AREA DOES NOT MATCH LOCATION REQUEST - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED 30| CONTACT FACILITY OWNER FOR FURTHER INFO 31| REQUIRES STAND BY AT TIME OF EXCAVATION - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER 32| VISIBLE OR EXPOSED FACILITY - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER IF CROSSING 33| HIGH PRIORITY LINE IN AREA - ON SITE MEETING REQUIRED 34| FIELD MEET REQUIRED - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER TO SCHEDULE 35| TRAFFIC CONTROL REQUIRED TO MARK FACILITIES 40| EXCAVATOR COMPLETED WORK PRIOR TO DUE DATE 41| EXCAVATOR NO SHOW FOR MEET 42| EXCAVATOR CANCELED REQUES 43| EXCAVATOR NOT DIGGING WITHIN 14 CALENDAR DAYS (PREPLANNING) 50| NEGOTIATED MARKING SCHEDULE 51| MUTUALLY AGREED TO A LATER START DATE AND TIME (4216.3(a)(1)(a)) 52| UNABLE TO LOCATE USING STANDARD LOCATING TECHNIQUES 53| SCHEDULED MEET WITH EXCAVATOR AT REQUESTED DATE AND TIME CONFIRMED 80| EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES EXIST - NO LOCATE DUE TO WEATHER/EMERGENCY CONDITION 990|",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"This is the Ticket Research order form for non-members of USA North 811 (Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc). The ticket research will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent",
"$30 Check Payment or $32 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"Please fill out the information below and hit submit. Our Online Services department will be in touch with you shortly regarding your account.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"Design Inquiry Membership: The Design Inquiry Membership provides participants with 24/7 access to USA North’s online engineering contact information inquiry program. The resulting inquiries provide the participant with a list of the engineering contact information for each USA North member who may have facilities at the designated design site, in order to expedite their design process.",
"Using the USA North member engineering contact information, you will be able to contact each USA North Member identified, and request that they provide you with their underground facility as-built drawings, red-line their facilities on your design drawings, and/or discuss your design work with them.",
"Your unique user name and password must be kept secure at all times. Sharing it with others will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry Membership",
"The Design Inquiry Member assumes total responsibility for selecting a correct and accurate design site USA North will only display USA North members who indicate that they may have underground facilities at the design site at the time and date that the design inquiry is submitted. Each design inquiry is time and date stamped for this purpose. It is the responsibility of the Design Inquiry Member to contact any non-USA North facility owners at the design site.",
"Sharing the USA North Design Inquiry engineering contact information with affiliate organizations or other 3rd party entities will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry Membership.",
"Design Inquiry Members agree to hold USA North harmless against any and all claims arising out of the design site that they entered. Annual Design Inquiry Membership Fee for non-USA North members – $132.00 annually",
"Includes 1 user name and password per company Affiliate organizations are required to have their own Design Inquiry Membership Additional intra-company Design Inquiry memberships – $30.00 annually To become a Design Inquiry member or to find out more information, please complete the following",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"How much does it cost to become a member? There is a $150 annual flat rate fee which is prorated based off when you membership becomes active. The flat rate fee get you the first 200 tickets free. Any tickets you receive over the 200 will then be billed according to what percentage that is compared to all billable tickets by all members divided by the approved budget.",
"Why am I required to be a member? 4216.1. Every operator of a subsurface installation, except the Department of Transportation, shall become a member of, participate in, and share in the costs of, a regional notification center. Operators of subsurface installations who are members of, participate in, and share in, the costs of a regional notification center, including, but not limited to, the Underground Service Alert—Northern California or the Underground Service Alert—Southern California are in compliance with this section and Section 4216.9. A regional USA North 811 Overview CGA Best Practices - Appendix B CA Government Code 4216 36 notification center shall not charge a fee to a person for notifying the regional notification center to obtain a ticket or to renew a ticket. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 809, Sec. 3. Effective January 1, 2017.)",
"How do I update my company contact info? To update your company contact info please fill out the form at the link below. If you have questions regarding this please send them to memberservices@usanorth811.org",
"How to I update my service area? There are 2 ways you can update your service area. The first and easiest option is by using shape files. If you have shape files for your service area then please send them over to memberservices@usanorth811.org. The second option is to use our polygon maintenance editor using the link below. This option requires you to have login credentials first. If you don’t have credentials and are not listed on the membership already then your company representative will have to give permissions first before we can create those for you. Polygon editor program: newtin.usan.org",
"How do I respond to tickets I receive? In response to the receipt of planned excavation reports our members will either 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility; 2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the excavator about the clearance, of facilities that they own, operate, and/or maintain.",
"What is Electronic Positive Response? Electronic Positive Response (+Res or PosRes) is a system that encourages communication from member utility companies to USA North 811; notifying us of the status of the ticket or the method they chose to respond to a ticket. Excavation law in California and Nevada already requires that all utility members respond to every request they receive by either marking the site, notifying the excavator that the site is clear of their facilities, or providing information to the excavator regarding the location of the facilities (i.e. maps, drawings, etc.). Electronic Positive Response goes one step further by allowing the utility member to then notify USA North 811 how they chose to respond to the ticket. USA North 811 will then publish these responses online allowing contractors, excavators, and homeowners in California and Nevada the ability to check the status of responses to their ticket request online 24×7. At this time, electronic positive response is voluntary in both California and Nevada. Therefore you may not always see an electronic positive response from all utility members posted online. Please make sure and do your due diligence in tracking responses from the utility members on your ticket request. You need to ensure that you have received a response from all utility members on your ticket before proceeding with your digging project. For more information regarding electronic positive response, go online to www.USANorth811.org/posres",
"What is WebTMS? WebTMS is our ticket management program that is offered all of our members to help them respond and manage any tickets they receive. If interested, below is a link to our WebTMS sign up form. WebTMS is for our utility members only and will not benefit contractors. WebTMS Sign up form: http://usanorth811.org/webtms-information-request/",
"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"We encourage all our Members to update their contact information regularly. It’s recommended to update at least every Quarter, or as needed. If you have any questions about your membership please contact Member Services at memberservices@usanorth811.org.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
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"Donec ac eros rhoncus nisl rutrum fringilla. Nam convallis sagittis tellus, eget rutrum nisi venenatis sit amet. Donec tincidunt et enim eu scelerisque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Etiam fringilla porttitor orci, in vulputate est finibus sit amet. Nulla mollis, odio et vestibulum sagittis, enim urna laoreet quam, eget auctor urna nunc et neque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Ut fermentum laoreet metus sed blandit. Phasellus volutpat dictum neque ac pulvinar. Ut et mauris magna.",
"Sed vestibulum lacus a nibh ullamcorper fermentum. Donec in sodales risus. Morbi aliquet quis nisi at fermentum. Pellentesque feugiat diam eget libero venenatis, nec cursus nulla tristique. Quisque consequat lacinia malesuada. Etiam vitae nisi accumsan, fringilla turpis non, condimentum sapien. Curabitur ultricies lacus est, sit amet facilisis purus suscipit et. Nulla vitae nisi ut est vestibulum cursus. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in faucibus. Fusce dictum nunc et ligula ultrices rutrum. Pellentesque dapibus nibh quis nisl condimentum, et tempor lacus dignissim.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"A \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.",
"Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.",
"At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket by clicking the button below.",
"Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.",
"Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.",
"It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.",
"If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under the “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.",
"Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rd party locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.",
"Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our How to Premark Instructional Video.",
"The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.",
"If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.",
"When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance zone and hand digging requirements, please click here for CA requirements or click here for NV requirements.",
"USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.",
"Submitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig project is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the center and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the public a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground utilities.",
"Have you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence project, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are most likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property for that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is being done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your shared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property, and you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please email our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look and see if there are any open tickets for your address.",
"We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.",
"Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign up page.",
"If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our Simple Ticket Search program. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.",
"The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.",
"The utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:",
"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.",
"The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)",
"The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)",
"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.",
"Your ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket submission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your request. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you have determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you can request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on your ticket.",
"The depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An underground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was originally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface activity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility owners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.",
"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links: CA Members",
"I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?",
"If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at onlineservices@usanorth811.org.",
"I’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?",
"Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your property, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for them/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your contractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work you do yourself, and not the work they are doing.",
"What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?",
"If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"A \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.",
"Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.",
"At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket here.",
"Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.",
"Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.",
"· It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.",
"If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under the “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.",
"Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in-house locators, while others hire 3^rd party locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.",
"Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our \"How to Premark\" instructional video.",
"The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.",
"If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.",
"When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools.",
"USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.",
"We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.",
"Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign up page.",
"I forgot to submit my 811 request and I’m supposed to start my work tomorrow; can I submit an emergency request?",
"All excavation requests require a minimum of two working days’ notice prior to the start of excavation. State law identifies which factors qualify a request as an emergency, and if your excavation does not meet those requirements you cannot submit an emergency request. To see if your excavation meets the requirements of an emergency notification, please see the state specific emergency definitions below:",
"California: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence, involving a clear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services.",
"Nevada: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence that involves clear and imminent danger and requires immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss of life or damage to health, property or essential public services.",
"If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: Simple Ticket Search. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.",
"The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.",
"The utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:",
"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.",
"The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)",
"The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)",
"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.",
"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:",
"I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?",
"If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at weboperations@usanorth811.org.",
"I’m hiring a sub-contractor to do work at my jobsite, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?",
"Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a sub-contractor to perform work on your property, the sub-contractor needs to contact 811 and submit their own request for them/their company. The sub-contractor cannot work under another contractor or sub-contractors existing 811 ticket.",
"What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?",
"If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If you are a utility owner and currently not a member of USA North 811, you can become a member by first filling out our membership application here:",
"Notify the contractor, homeowner, or ticket submitter promptly when your facilities are clear of their excavation work and they are in no danger of uncovering them",
"Using the appropriate amount of markings needed to identify your underground facilities while avoiding excessive markings and decorative hardscapes (decorative rock, pavers, stamped walkways, etc) at the site.",
"Reviewing and updating (if needed) your service area registration on a regular basis to ensure you are receiving all of the notifications you should be",
"Reviewing and updating (if needed) the contacts and their information listed on your membership account on a regular basis to ensure contractors, homeowners, and USA North 811 knows who to get in touch with when there is a question or issue",
"Notify USA North 811 of any billing department changes that would impact your bill getting to the correct staff member or payment being sent on time",
"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.",
"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"This is the Ticket Research order form for Members of USA North 811 (utility operators that have registered buried facilities in our system). The ticket research will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent - $31 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!",
"A \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit through USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate their facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or over the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number for your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W” or an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records.",
"Yes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging since many cables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a ticket, please click here.",
"At the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for you. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy of your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket here",
"Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.",
"Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.",
"It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two working days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is later, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded to your request.",
"If the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our utility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from digging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may notify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are not clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your ticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were notified, please click here.",
"Each utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some utility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rdparty locators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.",
"Yes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking your dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you can also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even white baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility members may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information regarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our “How to Premark” instructional video\".",
"The utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate the facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines (landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical line to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not owned by a utility.",
"If the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety, evacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to dispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks, leaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface installation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must immediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the emergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811 and notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never attempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.",
"When digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow the tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either side of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of the marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate using only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance zone and hand digging requirements, please click here for California & Nevada requirements .",
"USA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500 utility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership. We are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an agency of the state of California or Nevada.",
"Submitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig project is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the center and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the public a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground utilities.",
"Have you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence project, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are most likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property for that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is being done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your shared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property, and you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please email our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look and see if there are any open tickets for your address.",
"We recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to remove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s responsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they are the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that requested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the markings when the job is complete.",
"Due to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone lines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their request. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their requests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your ticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at any other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our E-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online. For information on signing up for E-Tickets, please click here.",
"If you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you would have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if you can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email copy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: http://newtin.usan.org/newtinweb/gen_min_ts.html . If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.",
"The utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different ways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your site, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear from any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you information about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or as-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your ticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a response to your ticket here as well: http://usanorth811.herokuapp.c.... You are required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.",
"The utility members will use the American Public Works Association (APWA: https://www3.apwa.net/content/library/colorcc.pdf ) color code system to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:",
"USA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight and weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that you please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or 811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.",
"The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)",
"The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)",
"For any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office in the city/county in which the work is being done in.",
"Your ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket submission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your request. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you have determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you can request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on your ticket.",
"The depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An underground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was originally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface activity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility owners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.",
"To view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North 811, please click the following links:",
"I’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how can I have the utility members re-mark my site?",
"If markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and request re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make sure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them know you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities you need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific area of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket online through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online through your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your E-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at weboperations@usanorth811.org.",
"I’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811 and submit the utility locate request?",
"Each person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created under their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your property, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for them/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your contractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work you do yourself, and not the work they are doing.",
"What should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility members listed on my ticket?",
"If the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice) and you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed on your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no response” situation.",
"If your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify our utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require training and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and it’s Easy!"
]
},
"parsed_md": "USA North 811 | Call 811 Before You Dig\n\nNew Ticket Size Policy effective July 1, 2021\n\n * Get A Ticket\n * Excavation Law\n * Ticket Copy\n * Utility Member Contact Lookup\n * Rant or Rave\n\nContact USAN 811:\n\n * Member Services\n * Online Services\n * Other Contacts\n\n# DIYer\n\nIf you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to\nensure you stay safe during your next project!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nWhere Do I Begin? Get A Ticket Utility Marking Code FAQ\n\n# Contractor\n\nIf you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to\nensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nGet A Ticket Law & Excavation Manual What is Electronic Positive Response FAQ\n\n# Utility Operator\n\nIf you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update\nyour member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nBecome a Utility Member Utility Member Services What is Electronic Positive\nResponse FAQ\n\n# DIYer\n\nIf you're a homeowner, DIYer, or weekend warrior, use the links below to\nensure you stay safe during your next project!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nWhere Do I Begin? Get A Ticket Utility Marking Code FAQ\n\n# Contractor\n\nIf you're a contractor or professional excavator, use the links below to\nensure you and your crew stay safe on the jobsite!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nGet A Ticket Law & Excavation Manual What is Electronic Positive Response FAQ\n\n# Utility Operator\n\nIf you are a Utility Member of USA North 811, use the services below to update\nyour member information, login to your WebTMS account, or submit an E-Ticket!\n\n## Quick Links\n\nBecome a Utility Member Utility Member Services What is Electronic Positive\nResponse FAQ\n\n## Utility Member Contact Lookup\n\n## Electronic Positive Response\n\n## Get A Copy of Your Ticket\n\n## Become an E-Ticket User\n\n## 811 Pro Online Training\n\n## Even More\n\n## Rant or Rave\n\n## Agriculture and 811 Safety\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Damage Notification\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Violation Complaint\n\n## Instructional Videos\n\n## Utility Marking Color Code & Pre-Marking Info\n\n## Project Design\n\n## WebTMS\n\n## List of Holidays\n\n## Contact Center Stats\n\n## Dirt Reports\n\n## Damage Prevention Links\n\n## What is Electronic Positive Response\n\n## Membership Application\n\n## CGA Best Practices\n\n## List of Members\n\n## Mission & History\n\n## Ticket Research Service\n\n## Annual Newsletter\n\n## Sustaining Members & Private Locators\n\n## Board of Directors & Stakeholders\n\n## Damage Prevention Partners\n\n## Privacy Policy\n\n## USA North 811 Articles & Bylaws\n\n## 811 Promotional Order Form\n\n## Upcoming Education\n\n## Agriculture and 811 Safety\n\nExcavation work in California, which includes agricultural activities, has\nrequired a “call before you dig” ticket since the 1980’s. Standard tickets are\nvalid for 28 days and can be renewed if work is ongoing. In 2017, lawmakers\ncreated an ‘Area of Continual Excavation’ (ACE) ticket that is valid for one\ncalendar year and available to farmers and certain flood control facility\noperators. The goal was to create a safe and less burdensome option from the\nnormal ticket process that complies with safe digging laws.\n\n### Whether you need an ACE ticket or a standard ticket, follow these steps:\n\n#### 1\\. Mark your work area in white\n\nDelineate your dig site in white paint, flags, stakes, whiskers, or chalk.\n\n#### 2\\. Request a ticket from USA North 811\n\nVisit www.usanorth811.org to submit your ticket online, or dial 811; available\n24 hours a day, 7 days a week (including holidays). If you are requesting an\nACE ticket, just let us know over the phone, or select the appropriate option\nwhen submitting your ticket online.\n\n#### 3\\. Wait the required time\n\nUtility owners have at least two working days, not including the day of\nnotification, to respond to your ticket by marking the site, providing\ninformation on the location of their facilities underground, or giving an ‘all\nclear’ if there are no facilities in the dig area.\n\n#### 4\\. Confirm all members have responded\n\nExcavators must confirm that ALL utility members on the ticket have responded\nbefore excavation can begin, even if the start date and time has passed\n(submitting a ‘No Response’ to the ticket will send another notification to\nthe utility owner. Call us at 811 or log into your E-Ticket account to submit\na No Response on your ticket).\n\n#### 5\\. Dig safely and respect the marks\n\nExcavators are required to use hand tools only within 24 inches on either side\nof the underground line and are responsible for the safety and protection of\nany facilities while they are exposed.\n\nACE tickets are ONLY available to farmers and flood control facilities where\nthe excavation is part of “normal business activities.” A flood control\nfacility is defined in Title 19 of the California Code of Regulations as “an\nengineered basin operated by a state or local agency, used for the temporary\nslowing and storing of storm water runoff and for which regular removal of\ndebris is required.\"\n\nFor areas of continual excavation that include or are within 10 feet of a high\npriority subsurface installation, an onsite meeting between a representative\nof the excavator and the operator of the high priority subsurface installation\nis required, and must be facilitated by using an Area of Continual Excavation\nAgreement (form below).\n\nAn onsite meeting must take place at a mutually agreed upon date and time on\nthe property where the high priority subsurface installation is present.\nRepresentatives must be authorized to enter into an agreement and be prepared\nwith all the relevant information of their respective operations.\n\nIf there are contrary understandings of the exact location of the high\npriority subsurface installation, the operator must demonstrate a conflict\nwith the area of continual excavation by providing documentation of the exact\nlocation of the facility or by exposing the facility with hand tools or vacuum\nexcavation at a mutually agreed upon date and time.\n\nIf the ACE does not contain a high priority subsurface installation and is\nmore than 10 feet away from any high priority subsurface installation, then\nthe operator or excavator may request an optional onsite meeting using the\nArea of Continual Excavation Optional Agreement (form below).\n\n### On-site meeting agreement for excavation within 10 feet of a High Priority\nline:\n\n * For Agricultural Operations: Form No. ACE Agreement 01 - Agricultural Operations (07-01-2020)\n\n * For Flood Control Facilities: Form No. ACE Agreement 02 – Flood Control Facilities (07-01-2020)\n\n### On-site meeting agreement for excavation within 5 feet of any underground\nline (optional):\n\n * For Agricultural Operations: Form No. ACE Optional Agreement 03 - Agricultural Operations (07-01-2020)\n\n * For Flood Control Facilities: Form No. ACE Optional Agreement 04 –Flood Control Facilities (07-01-2020)\n\n#### Area of Continual Excavation on the Dig Safe Board website\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Damage Notification\n\n## CA Dig Safe Board - Violation Complaint\n\n## Project Design\n\nIf you are not excavating within the next 14 calendar days a ticket cannot be\nsubmitted since the project is in the design phase. To acquire infrastructure\ninformation/ location for design purposes, the engineering department of each\nutility operator must be contacted. USA North 811 provides the Utility Member\nContact Lookup tool free of charge. Please use the button below to generate a\nlist of design/engineering contacts.\n\nProject Design\n\n## List of Holidays\n\nThe following is a list of Holidays recognized by California and Nevada. Both\nCalifornia and Nevada One-Call Laws do not allow Federal or State Holidays to\nbe included as part of the legal notice for the excavation notification. For\nholidays that occur on Saturdays, USA NORTH 811 will observe the holiday the\nFriday before the holiday. For holidays that occur on Sundays, they will be\nobserved on the following Monday.\n\nDate| Holidays| State| Center| Affects Legal Start Time \n---|---|---|---|--- \n01/01/2021| New Year's Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n01/18/2021| Martin Luther King Jr.| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n02/15/2021| Presidents Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n03/31/2021| Cesar Chavez Day| CA| Open| Yes \n05/31/2021| Memorial Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n07/04/2021| Independence Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n09/06/2021| Labor Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n10/11/2021| Columbus Day| CA| Open| Yes \n10/29/2021| Nevada Day| NV| Open| Yes \n11/11/2021| Veterans Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n11/25/2021| Thanksgiving Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n11/26/2021| Day After Thanksgiving| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n12/25/2021| Christmas Day| CA/NV| Open| Yes \n \n## Contact Center Stats\n\nLive Stats\n\n2021 KPI\n\n2021 Ticket Volume\n\n2001-2020 Ticket Volume\n\n2016-2020 Tickets by Phone Vs Tickets by Web\n\n2001-2020 Transmissions Per Ticket\n\n## Dirt Reports\n\nWelcome to the USA North 811 DIRT portal. Follow the below steps to input your\ndata for either California or Nevada. NOTE: DIRT reporting is done on an\nanonymous basis and is a tool for data collecting, not enforcement of\nexcavation law. All personal information for the individual entering the\nreport will be removed.\n\nIf you are trying to input DIRT data for California only, please click the\nlink below to submit your report to the California DIRT Page: (NOTE: When you\nsubmit your data through the CA DIRT portal, a report will also be transmitted\nto the National DIRT program as well fulfilling any National reporting\nrequirements you might have)\n\nCA DIRT REPORTING\n\nor click the link below to download and print out a copy of the CA DIRT form\nfor use in the field:\n\nCA Facility Event Form\n\nIf you are trying to input DIRT data for Nevada only, please click the link\nbelow to submit your report to the National CGA DIRT Page:\n\nNV Dirt Reporting\n\nView Previous California DIRT Reports\n\n## Damage Prevention Links\n\nCommon Ground Alliance (CGA)\n\nCalifornia Regional Common Ground Alliance\n\nNevada Regional Common Ground Alliance (NRCGA)\n\nUSA South (Dig Alert)\n\nCGA Best Practices\n\nPHMSA Stakeholder Communications Toolbox\n\n## What is Electronic Positive Response\n\n## Membership Application\n\nFor more information on becoming a member of USA North 811, fill out the form\nbelow!!\n\n## CGA Best Practices\n\n## List of Members\n\nCalifornia\n\nNevada\n\n## Mission & History\n\nMission Statement\n\nTo cultivate public safety and damage prevention by creating cohesive lines of\ncommunication between excavators and utility operators. Our vision of\ntransparency and fluidity is streamlined by exceptional customer service and\npublic education. We aim to surpass One Call industry best practice standards\nand inspire inclusive participation from stakeholders.\n\nHistory\n\nUSA North 811 began operation in May of 1975 & incorporated as a 501 (c)(6)\nNon-Profit Mutual Benefit Corporation in 1986. Our objective is to receive\nplanned excavation reports from public or private excavators and to transmit\nthose planned excavation reports to all participating utility members of USA\nNorth 811 who may have facilities in and around that excavation site. Our\nmembers will either: 1) mark or stake the horizontal path of their facility,\n2) provide information about the location of their facility, or 3) advise the\nexcavator of clearance, for facilities that they own.\n\n## Ticket Research Service\n\nPlease select a Ticket Research option below\n\nStandard Ticket Research\n\nTicket Research for Utility Members of USA North 811\n\nTicket Research for Subpoena use\n\n## Annual Newsletter\n\n2020 Newsletter\n\n2019 Newsletter\n\n2018 Newsletter\n\n## Sustaining Members & Private Locators\n\n# Sustaining Members\n\nCentral California Irrigation District\n\nLos Banos, CA - 209-826-1421\n\nM & M Electric\n\nSacramento, CA 916-929-0150\n\nThe Don Chapin Company Inc.\n\nSalinas, CA 831-444-4191\n\nUnderground Construction Company Inc\n\nBenicia, CA 707-746-8800\n\nWattis Construction Company Inc.\n\nSan Jose, CA 408-293-3669\n\n# Private Locators\n\nGlobal Utility Tracking System\n\nCourtland, CA 209-993-2700\n\nInstrument Technology Corp\n\nSebastopol, CA 800-519-1998\n\nPacific Coast Locators\n\nLa Crescenta, CA 818-249-7700\n\nSubtronic Corporation\n\nMartinez, CA 925-228-8771\n\nUnderground Utility Detection Services\n\nCrescent City, CA 707-954-4164\n\n## Board of Directors & Stakeholders\n\n## Damage Prevention Partners\n\nCalifornia Regional Common Ground Alliance\n\nThe California Regional Common Ground Alliance (CARCGA) is a 501(c)(6) non-\nprofit mutual benefit corporation dedicated to ensuring public safety,\nenvironmental protection, and integrity of underground services in California.\nCARCGA is a Regional Partner of the Common Ground Alliance (CGA). Through the\neffective promotion of CGA’s damage prevention best practices, CARGCA boasts\nparticipation from a variety of stakeholders including but not limited to\nutility operators and professional excavators.\n\nCommon Ground Alliance\n\nCGA is a member-driven association of 1,700 individuals, organizations and\nsponsors in every facet of the underground utility industry. Established in\n2000, CGA is committed to saving lives and preventing damage to underground\ninfrastructure by promoting effective damage prevention practices. CGA has\nestablished itself as the leading organization in an effort to reduce damages\nto underground facilities in North America through shared responsibility among\nall stakeholders.\n\nNevada Regional Common Ground Alliance\n\nThe Nevada Regional Common Ground Alliance is open to any individual,\norganization, municipality or corporation interested in the promotion of\nunderground damage prevention in the state of Nevada. The NRCGA provides a\nforum for members and non-members to exchange information and ideas at monthly\nmeetings, offers free excavator training on damage prevention and Nevada\nexcavation law, and holds events throughout the year to educate homeowners and\nexcavators about the importance of calling 811 before beginning any digging\nproject.\n\nNICE inContact\n\nNICE InContact is our latest technology partner that will be providing our\nContact Center with a state of the art customer service phone system that will\nbe available before 2020.\n\nNorfield\n\nNorfield is a member-owned technology organization, consisting of notification\ncenters for California (Northern and Southern), Colorado, Illinois, Michigan,\nNevada, North Carolina, Ohio, Utah, and Virginia, who collectively process\nover ten million incoming excavation notification requests annually.\n\nWebTMS\n\nWebTMS is a multi-center, web-based One Call Ticket Management System for\nreceiving locate request tickets, managing locator workflow and assignments,\ntransmitting positive responses back to the originating One Call Center,\ntransmitting notifications to excavators, and providing metrics for managers\nto effectively manage their locate teams and response times. USA North 811\noffers utility operators this ticket management solution free of charge.\n\n## Privacy Policy\n\n * INTRODUCTION\n\nAGREEMENT AND PARTIES. Underground Service Alert of Northern California and\nNevada (\"USA North,\" \"us,\" or \"we\") respects the privacy of the visitors to\nthe USA North website (collectively \"website\" or \"site\"). This privacy policy\n(\"privacy policy\" or \"policy\") is an agreement between USA North and you, as\nthe user of the USA North website (\"you\"). This agreement tells you when this\npolicy is effective, what information we collect from you, how we might use\nit, how you can review or change the personal information you provided to us,\nand how we may change this policy. We encourage users to read this policy\nprior to accessing the features of the site.\n\n * AGREEMENT TO TERMS OF PRIVACY POLICY AND TERMS OF USE\n\nAGREEMENT TO TERMS. All activities in which you may engage on this website are\nvoluntary. You are not required to provide any personal information to us\nunless you choose to access features on this site which require the\ninformation. If you do not agree with the terms of this policy or other terms\nof use on this website, then you should immediately exit this website and\ndiscontinue using the site. If you do not agree with the terms of our privacy\npolicy, please do not provide us with any personal information and leave this\nwebsite. By using the USA North website, you signify that you agree to the\nterms of this privacy policy.\n\n * EFFECTIVE DATE OF AND CHANGES TO PRIVACY POLICY EFFECTIVE DATES.\n\nThis privacy policy is effective as of June 7, 2019, and will remain in effect\nexcept with respect to any of its provisions that are changed in the future,\nin which case the changes will become effective on the date they are posted on\nthe website or we otherwise notify you of the changes. We reserve the right to\nchange this privacy policy at any time. Changes, modifications, additions, or\ndeletions will be effective immediately upon their posting to this site. You\nshould check this policy periodically as its terms may change from time to\ntime. Your continued use of the site after we post any such modifications will\nconstitute your acknowledgement of the modified policy and your agreement to\nabide and be bound by the modified policy. We will also revise the \"last\nupdated\" date found at the beginning of this privacy policy when we post\nchanges to it.\n\n * POLICY APPLICABLE TO ONLINE ACTIVITIES ONLY DISCLAIMERS.\n\nThe privacy policy does not extend to anything that is inherent in the\noperation of the Internet, and therefore beyond USA North's control, and is\nnot to be applied in any manner contrary to applicable law or governmental\nregulation. This online privacy policy only applies to information collected\nthrough this site. This privacy policy does not apply to any information we\nmay collect from you in any place other than this website.\n\n * PERSONAL INFORMATION WE MAY COLLECT\n\nTYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. We may ask you for certain information\nreferred to as \"personal information,\" which includes information that\npertains to your identity. Such information may include, but is not limited\nto, items such as your name, company affiliation, address, e-mail address, and\ntelephone number. You may be required to provide personal information to\naccess or use certain parts of our website or features of the site. If you do\nnot provide the requested personal information, you may not be able to access\nor use the features of the site where such information is requested.\n\n * PERSONAL INFORMATION ABOUT YOU\n\nUSE OF PERSONAL INFORMATION. We will primarily use the personal information we\nreceive from you to provide services to you, including, but not limited to,\nthe following: A. To administer and fulfil the purpose of the USA North\nprogram. B. To send surveys to you about our service to better understand your\ninterests and needs, so we can improve our services. If you no longer wish to\nreceive any e-mails from us you may opt out (see Section 12).\n\nC. To send alerts to you about our service, updates, changes, and outages. If\nyou no longer wish to receive any SMS messages from us you may opt out (see\nSection 12 and 13).\n\n * GENERAL INFORMATION WE MAY COLLECT\n\nTYPES OF INFORMATION COLLECTED. There may be other instances in which we\ncollect information from you that is more general in nature (\"general\ninformation\"). Such information may include your Internet Protocol (IP)\naddress, which enables us to identify your computer or device on a\nTransmission Control Protocol/Internet Protocol (TCP/IP) network, which\nincludes the World Wide Web. Your computer has an IP address, which is\nrequired in order for you to communicate with others via the Internet. Such\ngeneral information, including cookies, as mentioned below, may be collected\nfrom you whenever you access the site, whether or not you provide us with any\npersonal information.\n\n7.1. Click Stream Data\n\nWhen you visit our website we may also collect \"click stream data\" (server\naddress, domain name). This information can be combined with information you\nhave provided to us by registering, for example, which will enable us to\nanalyze and better customize your visits. We may use click stream data for\ntraffic analysis of our website to determine which features of our site are\nmost or least effective or useful to you.\n\n7.2. Cookies\n\nWe may also use cookies to gather information about your visits to our website\nand enhance your experience. More information on how we use cookies is\navailable in the section \"Use of Cookies.\"\n\n7.3. How We Respond to \"Do Not Track\" Disclosures\n\nWe are strongly committed to not sharing nonpublic information with third\nparties. Under this Privacy Policy, we may share your information only under\nparticular situations, as described in this Policy. Because we protect all\nusers in this manner, we do not change our behavior in response to a web\nbrowser's \"do not track\" signal.\n\n * PROTECTION OF YOUR PERSONAL INFORMATION AND GENERAL INFORMATION RISK OF INTERCEPTION.\n\nPlease keep in mind that whenever you give out personal information online\nthere is a risk that third parties may intercept and use that information.\nWhile USA North strives to protect your personal information and privacy, we\ncannot guarantee the security of any information you disclose online. By using\nthis site, you expressly acknowledge and agree that we do not guarantee the\nsecurity of any data provided to or received by us through this site and that\nany personal information, general information, or other data or information\nreceived from you through the site is provided to us at your own risk, which\nyou expressly assume.\n\n * NO USE OF THIS SITE BY PERSONS UNDER 18 PERMITTED\n\n9.1. Registration Declined\n\nUSA North intends only persons who are 18 years or older to use this website.\nPersonal registration information submitted by and pertaining to a person\nunder the age of 18 will not be accepted. Any general information provided by\nand pertaining to a person under the age of 18 and gathered (for example,\nthrough the use of cookies) during his or her visit may be used as indicated\nin this policy (see Section 7). USA North is committed to protecting the\nprivacy of children and has no intention of collecting personal data from\nchildren under the age of 18. We encourage parents and guardians of children\nunder 18 to regularly check and monitor their children's use of e-mail and\nother activities online.\n\n9.2. Notice Concerning Children\n\nPLEASE NOTE: We are a general audience site, and do not direct any of our\ncontent specifically at children under 13 years of age. We understand and are\ncommitted to respecting the sensitive nature of children's privacy online. If\nwe learn or have reason to suspect that a site user is under age 13, we will\npromptly delete any personal information in that user's account.\n\n * THIRD PARTIES\n\n10.1. Disclosing Information to Third Parties\n\nWHO MAY HAVE ACCESS TO YOUR INFORMATION. USA North is comprised of various\nparticipating members who opt to become members of USA North and who own or\noperate any underground facilities in the area served by USA North. We provide\nour services through member agreements with participating members. The\nparticipating members carry or transport materials including, but not limited\nto, water, gas, oil, fuel, and sewage, and/or conduit used for electric,\ntelephone, or other services. USA North provides personal information to its\nparticipating members for the purpose of providing services. Our participating\nmembers may use your personal information for the purpose of carrying out the\nwork as agreed with us.\n\nIn addition to members, USA North provides information to the California\nUnderground Facilities Safe Excavation Board (Dig Safe Board) for purposes of\ncompliance with and effectuating the purpose of California Government Code\n4216 et seq.\n\nOur sole purpose in providing personal information to the participating\nmembers is for use by the participating members in providing services related\nto their membership and the USA North program as contemplated by California\nGovernment Code 4216 et. seq. Any other use by participating members is\nneither intended nor authorized by USA North. The participating members may\nhave adopted individual privacy policies. However, the use of your personal\ninformation by participating members is governed by the privacy policies of\nthose participating members and is not subject to our control. Other than to\nparticipating members for the purposes set out above, and except as described\nin this policy, we do not sell, trade, or otherwise transfer your personal\ninformation or general information to third parties without informing you in\nadvance.\n\n10.2. Security\n\nRELEASE OF INFORMATION. USA North will release personal or general information\nwithout your consent for security purposes, when required by law, or to\nprevent imminent harm to any person or entity. We will disclose personal or\ngeneral information upon receipt of a court order or subpoena, or to cooperate\nwith a law enforcement investigation, which may include responding to requests\nand court orders from jurisdictions outside the United States. We fully\ncooperate with law enforcement agencies in identifying those who use our\nservices for illegal activities. We reserve the right to report to law\nenforcement agencies any activities that we in good faith believe to be\nunlawful, as determined in our sole discretion. Release of your personal data\nfor security purposes, as described in this agreement to any person or entity\nunder any circumstances shall be based on a determination made solely by us,\nexercising our own discretion, permission for which is expressly granted by\nyou to us in accordance with this policy.\n\n10.4. Links to Third Parties\n\nPURPOSE OF LINKS. For your convenience and to improve the usage of the website\nwe may insert links to third parties on this site. This privacy policy does\nnot apply to such third-party websites. These links take you outside our\nservice and off the USA North's site and are beyond our control. This includes\nlinks from partners that may use USA North's logos as part of a co-branding\nagreement. The sites those links can take you to have their own separate\nprivacy policies, and although we seek to protect the integrity of our site,\nUSA North is not liable for the content and activities of those sites. Your\nvisits and access to such websites is at your own risk. Please note that those\nother sites may send their own cookies to users, collect data, or solicit\npersonal information.\n\n * AUTOMATIC COLLECTION\n\nCOOKIES. A cookie is a small string of information that the website you visit\ntransfers to your computer for identification purposes. Cookies can be used to\nfollow your activity on the website which can help to improve your website\nexperience. Cookies are used for such activities as remembering your user name\nand password, if you use such a feature on this site. If you prefer not to\nreceive cookies, you may opt not to receive them. You can also have your\ncomputer warn you whenever cookies are being used. For both options you must\nadjust your browser (such as Chrome, Safari, Firefox, Internet Explorer, or\nother browser) settings. There are also software products available that can\nmanage cookies for you. Please be aware, however, that when you choose to\nreject cookies, this choice may limit the functionality of the website you\nvisit and you may lose access to some of its features.\n\n * DELETING OR MODIFYING PERSONAL INFORMATION\n\nCHANGING YOUR INFORMATION. You may opt out, delete, or modify your personal\ninformation associated with a specific user account, by visiting our website\nor by contacting us by telephone at 811. We encourage you promptly to update\nyour personal information when it changes. However, personal information\nsubmitted in association with a submitted USA North ticket will remain on the\nticket and will be maintained by USA North for purposes of its own\nrecordkeeping responsibilities and for purposes of operating its business.\n\n * SMS TERMS AND CONDITIONS\n\nPlease read these terms and conditions carefully. By opting-in to the text\nmessaging programs, you expressly consent to receive non-marketing and\nmarketing text messages from USA North 811 and others texting on its behalf,\nincluding text messages made with an autodialer, at the telephone number(s)\nthat you provide. You may opt-out of these communications at any time, and\nconsent to receive marketing text messages is not required to purchase any\ngoods or services.\n\nPROGRAM DESCRIPTION. USA North and its service providers may use an automatic\ntelephone dialing system (“autodialer”) to deliver USA North text messages to\nyou. USA North text messages are intended to provide you with updates and\ninformation including service outages, event notifications, service or system\nupgrades, local and state law updates, and other important 811 information.\n\nMESSAGE FREQUENCY. The number of text messages that you receive will vary\ndepending on how many of USA North’s text messaging programs for which you\nsign up to receive messages. You will receive a maximum of one hundred\nmessages per month.\n\nCOST. Message and data rates may apply to each text message sent or received\nin connection with text messages, as provided in your mobile telephone service\nrate plan (please contact your mobile telephone carrier for pricing plans), in\naddition to any applicable roaming charges. USA North does not impose a\nseparate fee for sending text messages.\n\nSUPPORTED CARRIERS. Supported carriers may change from time to time, but\ncurrently include AT&T, T-Mobile, Verizon Wireless, Sprint, among others.\n\nHOW TO OPT-IN. To opt-in to receive text messages from USA North text\nmessaging program(s), please follow the instructions provided. By opting-in,\nyou are agreeing to the following statement: “I agree to receive\nmarketing/autodialed text messages from USA North 811 at the mobile number I\nhave provided. Consent is not required to purchase goods or services.”\n\nHOW TO OPT-OUT. To stop receiving text messages from the USA North text\nmessaging program, text STOP to the five digit short code for the text\nmessaging program from which you no longer wish to receive message (i.e., the\nfive digit number from which its text messages are being sent). You will then\nreceive confirmation of your opt-out of that text messaging program.\n\nPRIVACY POLICY TERMS & CONDITIONS. Please go to\nwww.usanorth811.org/services/privacypol... to view our privacy policy and\nterms & conditions.\n\nHELP. To request more information, text HELP to the five-digit short code for\nthe text messaging program about which you have questions (i.e., the five\ndigit number from which its text messages are being sent). You may also\nreceive help by visiting the “contact us” page of our website\nwww.usanorth811.org.\n\n * QUESTIONS OR COMMENTS\n\nCONTACT INFORMATION. If you have any questions or comments relating to our\nwebsite or the privacy policy, contact us by telephone at (800) 640-5137.\n\n## USA North 811 Articles & Bylaws\n\n## 811 Promotional Order Form\n\n## Upcoming Education\n\n * ## USA North 811\n\n * Phone: 811 // 800-642-2444\n * 4005 Port Chicago Hwy, Suite 100 Concord, CA 94520-1122\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Get A Copy of Your Ticket\n\nSelect one of the following options below if you already created a Dig Ticket\nwith us.\n\nI Have My Ticket\n\nI Don't Have My Ticket\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Rant or Rave\n\nFeedback is good and sometimes it’s the only thing that causes change. Let us\nknow if we are excelling in a certain area of our service or if we are failing\nto meet your expectations. Either way, we want to hear about it! Please Rant\nor Rave in the section below.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Instructional Videos\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Utility Marking Color Code & Pre-Marking Info\n\nPre-Marking Best Practices\n\nCommon Abbreviations\n\nGuidelines for Utility Operator Markings\n\nHow to Pre-Mark Video\n\nHow to Pre-Mark Video (En Español)\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Welcome to USA North 811 Member Services. Please choose an option below.\n\nUpdate Contacts and Service Area Through Our Member Portal\n\nWebTMS\n\nE-Ticket Login / Sign Up\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## WebTMS\n\nWebTMS Login\n\nWebTMS Sign Up\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## WebTMS\n\nWebTMS is an online ticket management program offered to USA North 811\nmembers.\n\nFeatures:\n\n * WebTMS can send your text or voice responses for you.\n * Paperless ticket management. WebTMS is a paperless alternative to managing your tickets.\n * Ticket Archiving – WebTMS will automatically store all of your tickets for easy reference or storage.\n * Maps – WebTMS will display the map created by the USA Customer Service Representative (CSR).\n * Ticket History – retrieve tickets with complete processing histories.\n * Reports – WebTMS provides several printable reports that can be exported into many formats.\n\nFor more information please submit the following\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Excavation Law\n\n# Select your state:\n\nCalifornia\n\nNevada\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nJoin the E-Ticket Program Today!\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program\n\nE-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## CA - Electronic Positive Response Codes\n\n1| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT \n---|--- \n2| CLEAR - NO CONFLICT BUT PRIVATELY OWNED UTILITY ON PROPERTY - CONTACT\nPRIVATE UTILITY OWNER FOR LOCATE \n3| EXISTING MARKINGS ADEQUATE \n4| NO MARKINGS REQUESTED \n10| LOCATE AREA MARKED \n11| LOCATE AREA MARKED BUT ABANDONED FACILITIES MAY BE IN THE AREA \n12| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE OWNED UTILITY - CONTACT PRIVATE UTILITY\nOWNER FOR LOCATE \n13| LOCATE AREA MARKED UP TO PRIVATE PROPERTY \n14| PARTIALLY MARKED - MORE TIME IS NEEDED \n15| PROVIDED FACILITY LOCATION INFORMATION TO EXCAVATOR (4216.3(a)(1)(A)(ii) \n20| BAD ADDRESS/INCORRECT STREET/LOCATION INFO - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n21| NO ACCESS TO LOCATE AREA - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n22| NO DELINEATION - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n23| DELINEATED AREA DOES NOT MATCH LOCATION REQUEST - RESEND TICKET REQUESTED \n30| CONTACT FACILITY OWNER FOR FURTHER INFO \n31| REQUIRES STAND BY AT TIME OF EXCAVATION - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER \n32| VISIBLE OR EXPOSED FACILITY - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER IF CROSSING \n33| HIGH PRIORITY LINE IN AREA - ON SITE MEETING REQUIRED \n34| FIELD MEET REQUIRED - CONTACT FACILITY OWNER TO SCHEDULE \n35| TRAFFIC CONTROL REQUIRED TO MARK FACILITIES \n40| EXCAVATOR COMPLETED WORK PRIOR TO DUE DATE \n41| EXCAVATOR NO SHOW FOR MEET \n42| EXCAVATOR CANCELED REQUES \n43| EXCAVATOR NOT DIGGING WITHIN 14 CALENDAR DAYS (PREPLANNING) \n50| NEGOTIATED MARKING SCHEDULE \n51| MUTUALLY AGREED TO A LATER START DATE AND TIME (4216.3(a)(1)(a)) \n52| UNABLE TO LOCATE USING STANDARD LOCATING TECHNIQUES \n53| SCHEDULED MEET WITH EXCAVATOR AT REQUESTED DATE AND TIME CONFIRMED \n80| EXTRAORDINARY CIRCUMSTANCES EXIST - NO LOCATE DUE TO WEATHER/EMERGENCY\nCONDITION \n990|\n\nMember has been granted an extension from the EPR requirement by the Board as\ndefined in 4216 through 12/31/2021 \n \n---|--- \n999|\n\nMember did not respond by required time (system use only) \n \n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Digging Facts\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## List of Members - Nevada\n\nNEVADA MEMBERS (202)\n\nAlamo Power District #3\n\nAlamo Sewer & Water General Improvement District\n\nAmerican Pacific Corporation\n\nAmerigas - Hawthorne / Tonopah\n\nAmeriGas Propane - Carson City\n\nAmerigas Propane 5196\n\nAmerigas Sparks\n\nAT&T Nevada\n\nB-PVL1, LLC\n\nBaja Broadband - Mesquite\n\nBaker Water & Sewer General Improvement District\n\nBasic Water Company\n\nBattle Mountain Water & Sewer Department\n\nBeatty Water & Sanitation District\n\nBeehive Telephone Company\n\nBi-State Propane - Gardnerville\n\nBig Bend Water District\n\nBlue Diamond Water Cooperative Inc\n\nCalifornia Broadband Cooperative Nevada\n\nCalNev Pipe Line Nevada\n\nCalNeva Broadband Nevada\n\nCanyon General Improvement District\n\nCarefree Mobile Home Park\n\nCC Communications\n\nCentraCom Interactive\n\nCentraCom Interactive II\n\nCentral Telephone Company dba CenturyLink\n\nCentury Telephone of the Gem State - Nevada\n\nCharter Communications - Nevada\n\nCity of Boulder City\n\nCity of Caliente\n\nCity of Carlin\n\nCity of Carson City Public Works\n\nCity of Elko\n\nCity of Ely Public Works District\n\nCity of Fallon\n\nCity of Fernley\n\nCity of Henderson\n\nCity of Las Vegas\n\nCity of Lovelock\n\nCity of Mesquite\n\nCity of North Las Vegas\n\nCity of Reno Corporate Yard\n\nCity of Sparks\n\nCity of Wells\n\nCity of West Wendover\n\nCity of Winnemucca\n\nCity of Yerington\n\nClark County Department of Public Works\n\nClark County Water Reclamation District\n\nColorado Interstate Gas California\n\nColorado Interstate Gas Company Nevada\n\nColorado River Commission of Nevada\n\nCounty of Churchill\n\nCounty of Douglas\n\nCounty of Elko\n\nCounty of Eureka\n\nCounty of Lander Road & Bridges\n\nCounty of Pershing\n\nCounty of Washoe - Utility Division\n\nCox Communications Nevada\n\nCrown Castle Nevada\n\nDesert Utility Inc\n\nDouglas County Sewer Improvement District #1\n\nEastland Heights Water Association\n\nEdgewood Water Company\n\nElectric Lightwave Inc Nevada\n\nElk Point Country Club\n\nElko Heat Company\n\nEmpire Mining Company, LLC\n\nEnvirogen Technologies Nevada\n\nEquestrian Estates Homeowners Association\n\nEsmeralda County Public Works\n\nEureka County School District\n\nExtenet Systems, Inc. Nevada\n\nFiler Mutual Telephone Company\n\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company - Nevada\n\nGardnerville Ranchos General Improvement District\n\nGardnerville Water Company\n\nGBIS Communications, LLC\n\nGerlach General Improvement District\n\nGlenbrook Water Cooperative\n\nGolconda Water General Improvement District\n\nGold Country Water Company\n\nGrand View Terrace General Improvement District\n\nHarney Electric Cooperative\n\nHawthorne Utility\n\nHillcrest Manor Water Users Association\n\nHumboldt County Rural Districts of Paradise Valley, Orovada and McDermitt\n\nHumboldt Telephone Company\n\nIncline Village General Improvement District\n\nIndian Hills General Improvement District\n\nIndian Springs Water Company\n\nKern River Gas Transmission Nevada\n\nKinder Morgan / SFPP Nevada\n\nKingsbury General Improvement District\n\nKingston Town Water Utility\n\nLander County Sewer & Water General Improvement District #2\n\nLas Vegas Valley Water District\n\nLevel 3 Communications Nevada\n\nLincoln County Power District #1\n\nLincoln County Telephone Systems Inc\n\nLovelock Meadows Water District\n\nLyon County Utility\n\nMcGill-Ruth Sewer & Water General Improvement District\n\nMCI WorldCom Nevada\n\nMidas Water Cooperative\n\nMina/Luning Water Systems\n\nMinden-Gardnerville Sanitary District\n\nMoapa Valley Telephone Company\n\nMoapa Valley Water District\n\nMobilitie, LLC\n\nMount Wheeler Power Inc.\n\nMt Charleston Water Company\n\nMuddy Valley Irrigation Company\n\nNevada Bell\n\nNevada Environmental Response Trust\n\nNevada Geothermal Utility Company\n\nNewmont Gold Company\n\nNV Energy - Northern Nevada\n\nNV Energy - Southern Nevada\n\nNye County Public Works\n\nOld River Water Company\n\nOverton Power District #5\n\nPahrump Utility Company\n\nPaiute Pipeline Company\n\nPanaca Farmstead Association\n\nParr - Reno Water Company\n\nPioche Public Utilities\n\nPleasant Valley Mobile Home Community\n\nPlumas-Sierra Telecommuniations Nevada\n\nPro-Flame Gas Company\n\nPropane of Wendover Inc\n\nProspector Pipeline Company\n\nQwest Communications - Nevada\n\nRaft River Electrict\n\nRainbow Cable\n\nRancho Cooperative Water Company\n\nReno Cascade Mobile Home Park\n\nRio Virgin Telephone Company\n\nRound Hill General Improvement District\n\nRound Mountain Public Utilites\n\nRural Telephone Company\n\nRyze Renewables Reno, LLC\n\nSaguaro Power Company\n\nSatview Broadband - Elko\n\nSatview Broadband LTD Nevada\n\nSierra Estates General Improvement District\n\nSilver Knolls Mutual Water Company\n\nSilver Springs General Improvement District\n\nSilver Springs Water Company\n\nSky Ranch Estates Owners Association, Inc\n\nSOC Hawthorne Division\n\nSouthern Nevada Water Authority\n\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - Northern Nevada\n\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - Southern Nevada\n\nSPB Utility Services, Inc.\n\nSpirit Mountain Utility Co. Inc.\n\nSpring Creek Utilities\n\nSprint - Nevada\n\nStagecoach General Improvement District\n\nStar City Property Owners Assoc\n\nState of Nevada Department of Admin/Ent/Info/Tech/Serv\n\nSteamboat Springs Water Works Inc\n\nStorey County Public Works\n\nSuburban Propane-Ely\n\nSuddenlink Communications - Nevada\n\nSun Valley Water & Sanitation District\n\nSunrise Acres Water Association\n\nSurprise Valley Electrification Corp - Nevada\n\nSwissport Fueling of Nevada, Inc.\n\nSWITCH LTD.\n\nSWITCH Business Solutions Owned by SWITCH LTD\n\nTahoe Reno Industrial Center /TRI-GID\n\nTahoe-Douglas District\n\nTeam Fishel\n\nTelecommunications of Nevada LLC dba XO Communications\n\nThe Boeing Company\n\nThree Crowns Mobile Manor\n\nTIMET - Titanium Metals Corporation\n\nTopaz Ranch Estates Water Company\n\nTown of Gardnerville\n\nTown of Minden\n\nTrout Gulch Mutual Water Corporation\n\nTruckee Sanitary District\n\nUNEV Pipeline LLC\n\nUniversity of Nevada Reno\n\nUSA Media Group-Reno\n\nUtilities Inc of Central Nevada\n\nUtilities Inc of Nevada\n\nValley Electric Association Inc Nevada\n\nVerdi Meadows Utility Company\n\nVerdi Mutual Water Company\n\nViasat, Inc. Nevada\n\nVirgin Valley Water District\n\nWalker Lake Water General Improvement District\n\nWebb Mobile Home Park LLC\n\nWells Rural Electric Company\n\nWesco Operating, Inc.\n\nWesPac Pipelines Ltd\n\nWestern States Propane\n\nZAYO\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Design Research Form – Non Member\n\nThis is the Design Research order form for Non Members of USA North 811\n(Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc).\n\nResearch results will be sent to you within 2 weeks after receipt of payment.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Ticket Research Form – Non Member\n\nThis is the Ticket Research order form for non-members of USA North 811\n(Excavators, Contractors, Homeowners, etc). The ticket research will cover a\n28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1) ticket if found.\nAdditional fees apply if the search is requested outside of the standard\nresearch window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket research will\nbe processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before results are sent\n- $30 Check Payment or $32 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of\nresearch time. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional\ncharge of $9 for every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\nPlease fill out the information below and hit submit. Our Online Services\ndepartment will be in touch with you shortly regarding your account.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## E-Ticket Access Form\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Design Inquiry Sign Up\n\nDesign Inquiry Membership: The Design Inquiry Membership provides participants\nwith 24/7 access to USA North’s online engineering contact information inquiry\nprogram. The resulting inquiries provide the participant with a list of the\nengineering contact information for each USA North member who may have\nfacilities at the designated design site, in order to expedite their design\nprocess.\n\nUsing the USA North member engineering contact information, you will be able\nto contact each USA North Member identified, and request that they provide you\nwith their underground facility as-built drawings, red-line their facilities\non your design drawings, and/or discuss your design work with them.\n\nImportant information:\n\nYour unique user name and password must be kept secure at all times. Sharing\nit with others will result in immediate termination of your Design Inquiry\nMembership\n\nThe Design Inquiry Member assumes total responsibility for selecting a correct\nand accurate design site USA North will only display USA North members who\nindicate that they may have underground facilities at the design site at the\ntime and date that the design inquiry is submitted. Each design inquiry is\ntime and date stamped for this purpose. It is the responsibility of the Design\nInquiry Member to contact any non-USA North facility owners at the design\nsite.\n\nSharing the USA North Design Inquiry engineering contact information with\naffiliate organizations or other 3rd party entities will result in immediate\ntermination of your Design Inquiry Membership.\n\nDesign Inquiry Members agree to hold USA North harmless against any and all\nclaims arising out of the design site that they entered. Annual Design Inquiry\nMembership Fee for non-USA North members – $132.00 annually\n\nIncludes 1 user name and password per company Affiliate organizations are\nrequired to have their own Design Inquiry Membership Additional intra-company\nDesign Inquiry memberships – $30.00 annually To become a Design Inquiry member\nor to find out more information, please complete the following\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## NV - Electronic Positive Response Codes\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Positive Response Sign Up\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Excavation Law California\n\n# Select an option below\n\nEXCAVATION LAW\n\nCALIFORNIA CODE OF REGULATIONS - TITLE 19\n\nEXCAVATION LAW - PDF\n\nEXCAVATION HANDBOOK - PDF\n\nLEYES DE EXCAVACIÓN - PDF\n\nMANUAL DE EXCAVACIÓN - PDF\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Excavation Law Nevada\n\n# Select Language\n\nEnglish\n\nEspañol\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Utility Operator FAQs\n\nHow much does it cost to become a member? There is a $150 annual flat rate fee\nwhich is prorated based off when you membership becomes active. The flat rate\nfee get you the first 200 tickets free. Any tickets you receive over the 200\nwill then be billed according to what percentage that is compared to all\nbillable tickets by all members divided by the approved budget.\n\nWhy am I required to be a member? 4216.1. Every operator of a subsurface\ninstallation, except the Department of Transportation, shall become a member\nof, participate in, and share in the costs of, a regional notification center.\nOperators of subsurface installations who are members of, participate in, and\nshare in, the costs of a regional notification center, including, but not\nlimited to, the Underground Service Alert—Northern California or the\nUnderground Service Alert—Southern California are in compliance with this\nsection and Section 4216.9. A regional USA North 811 Overview CGA Best\nPractices - Appendix B CA Government Code 4216 36 notification center shall\nnot charge a fee to a person for notifying the regional notification center to\nobtain a ticket or to renew a ticket. (Amended by Stats. 2016, Ch. 809, Sec.\n3. Effective January 1, 2017.)\n\nHow do I update my company contact info? To update your company contact info\nplease fill out the form at the link below. If you have questions regarding\nthis please send them to memberservices@usanorth811.org\n\nCompany Contact Info Update Form\n\nHow to I update my service area? There are 2 ways you can update your service\narea. The first and easiest option is by using shape files. If you have shape\nfiles for your service area then please send them over to\nmemberservices@usanorth811.org. The second option is to use our polygon\nmaintenance editor using the link below. This option requires you to have\nlogin credentials first. If you don’t have credentials and are not listed on\nthe membership already then your company representative will have to give\npermissions first before we can create those for you. Polygon editor program:\nnewtin.usan.org\n\nHow do I respond to tickets I receive? In response to the receipt of planned\nexcavation reports our members will either 1) mark or stake the horizontal\npath of their facility; 2) provide information about the location of their\nfacility, or 3) advise the excavator about the clearance, of facilities that\nthey own, operate, and/or maintain.\n\nWhat is Electronic Positive Response? Electronic Positive Response (+Res or\nPosRes) is a system that encourages communication from member utility\ncompanies to USA North 811; notifying us of the status of the ticket or the\nmethod they chose to respond to a ticket. Excavation law in California and\nNevada already requires that all utility members respond to every request they\nreceive by either marking the site, notifying the excavator that the site is\nclear of their facilities, or providing information to the excavator regarding\nthe location of the facilities (i.e. maps, drawings, etc.). Electronic\nPositive Response goes one step further by allowing the utility member to then\nnotify USA North 811 how they chose to respond to the ticket. USA North 811\nwill then publish these responses online allowing contractors, excavators, and\nhomeowners in California and Nevada the ability to check the status of\nresponses to their ticket request online 24×7. At this time, electronic\npositive response is voluntary in both California and Nevada. Therefore you\nmay not always see an electronic positive response from all utility members\nposted online. Please make sure and do your due diligence in tracking\nresponses from the utility members on your ticket request. You need to ensure\nthat you have received a response from all utility members on your ticket\nbefore proceeding with your digging project. For more information regarding\nelectronic positive response, go online to www.USANorth811.org/posres\n\nWhat is WebTMS? WebTMS is our ticket management program that is offered all of\nour members to help them respond and manage any tickets they receive. If\ninterested, below is a link to our WebTMS sign up form. WebTMS is for our\nutility members only and will not benefit contractors. WebTMS Sign up form:\nhttp://usanorth811.org/webtms-information-request/\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## List of Members - California\n\nCALIFORNIA MEMBERS (1292)\n\n260 Resource Management LLC\n\nA.F.P. Mutual Water Company\n\nAA Production Services\n\nABA Energy Corporation\n\nAdams Springs Water District\n\nAera Energy LLC\n\nAera Energy LLC - Oil\n\nAera Energy LLC - Water\n\nAFBCA-McClellan Air Force Base\n\nAgate Bay Water Company\n\nAHTNA Engineering Services\n\nAHTNA Environmental, Inc.\n\nAhwahnee Maintenance District 46\n\nAir Force Real Property Agency - Mather\n\nAir Products Manufacturing Company\n\nAircraft Services International Inc.\n\nAlameda County Flood Control-Zone 7 - Del Valle Water Treatment Plant\n\nAlameda County Water District\n\nAlco Water\n\nAllensworth Community Services District\n\nAlluvial / Fancher Waste Water District #42\n\nAlmonte Sanitary District\n\nAlon Bakersfield Property Inc\n\nAlpaugh Community Services District\n\nAlpine Meadow Community Supported Agriculture #13\n\nAlpine Natural Gas\n\nAlpine Springs County Water District\n\nAlto Sanitary District\n\nAmador Regional Sanitation Authority\n\nAmador Water Agency\n\nAMEC\n\nAmerican Valley Community Services District\n\nAmerican Water Service - East Palo Alto\n\nAmerican Yeast Corporation\n\nAmerigas - Concord 0125\n\nAmerigas - Lakeport\n\nAmeriGas - Redding\n\nAmeriGas Propane\n\nAmerigas Propane - 1031\n\nAmerigas Propane - Dist 0071\n\nAmerigas Propane - Walker / Bridgeport\n\nAmeriGas-Mammoth Lakes\n\nAmeriGas-Susanville\n\nAnacapa Oil Corporation C/O Dos Rios Inc.\n\nAnchor Brewing\n\nAndeavor Martinez Refinery\n\nAnderson Springs Community Services District\n\nAnderson-Cottonwood Irrigation District\n\nAntea Group\n\nAntelope Valley Water Storage, LLC\n\nAntelope Valley-East Kern Water\n\nApple Inc.\n\nAptim Federal Servcies, LLC\n\nArbor Point - Mobile Home Community\n\nArbuckle Public Utility District\n\nArcher Operations California LLC\n\nArmona Community Services District\n\nArmstrong Petroleum Corporation\n\nAromas Water District\n\nArroyo Seco Estates Mutual Water Company\n\nArvin Community Services District\n\nArvin Edison Water Storage District\n\nAster Apartments\n\nAT&T California\n\nAtascadero Mutual Water Company\n\nAtlantic Oil Company\n\nAuburn Public Cemetery District\n\nAvila Beach Community Services District\n\nBakman Water Company Inc\n\nBank of Stockton\n\nBanta-Carbona Irrigation District\n\nBarton Health\n\nBass Lake Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nBass Lake SA-2\n\nBass Lake Water Company\n\nBayshore Sanitary District\n\nBear Valley Community Services District\n\nBear Valley Water District\n\nBedel Mutual Water Company\n\nBella Vista Water District\n\nBelmont Manor Community Supported Agriculture #14\n\nBelridge Water Storage District\n\nBerrenda Mesa Water District\n\nBerry Petroleum Company\n\nBi-State Propane - Portola\n\nBig Rock Community Services District\n\nBlack Rascal Water Company Inc\n\nBlue Diamond Growers\n\nBlue Lake Rancheria Dept of Energy & Technologies\n\nBlue Lake Springs Mutual Water Company\n\nBlue Star Gas\n\nBodega Bay Public Utility District\n\nBolinas Community Public Utility District\n\nBoron Community Services District\n\nBright House Networks - Bakersfield\n\nBright House Networks - Tehachapi\n\nBroadview Terrace Mutual Water Company\n\nBroadway Plaza - Macerich Co.\n\nBrowns Valley Irrigation District\n\nBuckeye Terminals LLC\n\nBuckingham Park Water District\n\nBuena Vista Energy\n\nBulldog Gas & Power LLC\n\nBurney Water District\n\nButte County Office of Education\n\nButte Creek Utilities LLC\n\nButtonwillow County Water District\n\nBWMR&M Association\n\nByron Bethany Irrigation District\n\nByron Sanitary District\n\nCadence Design System\n\nCAE USA - Inc\n\nCalaveras County Road Department\n\nCalaveras County Water District\n\nCalaveras Public Utilities District\n\nCalaveras Telephone Company\n\nCalgren Dairy Fuels LLC\n\nCalifornia American Water - Monterey\n\nCalifornia American Water - Sacramento\n\nCalifornia Broadband Cooperative California\n\nCalifornia College of the Arts\n\nCalifornia Department of Parks & Recreation - Col Allensworth State Historic\nPark\n\nCalifornia Department of Toxic Substances Control\n\nCalifornia Department of Water Resources\n\nCalifornia Pines Community Services District\n\nCalifornia Resources\n\nCalifornia Resources Corporaton - North Thermal Operations\n\nCalifornia Resources Elk Hills, LLC\n\nCalifornia Resources Production Corporation - Sacramento Valley\n\nCalifornia State University Monterey Bay\n\nCalifornia State Univiversity Sacramento\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Atherton\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Bakersfield\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Bayshore District\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Chico\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Dixon\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Lake Isabella\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Livermore\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Los Altos\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Marysville\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Oroville\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Quartz Hill\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Salinas\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Selma\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Stockton\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Visalia\n\nCalifornia Water Services - Willows\n\nCalifornia Water Services Redwood Valley District\n\nCalifornia-Oregon Telephone Company\n\nCallayomi County Water District\n\nCalNev Pipe Line California\n\nCalNeva Broadband LLC\n\nCalpella County Water District\n\nCalpine - Geysers Power Company LLC\n\nCalpine Construction Finance Company LP - Sutter Energy\n\nCalpine King City Cogen LLC\n\nCambria Community Services District\n\nCamp Meeker Recreation & Park - Water\n\nCampora Propane Services\n\nCanada Woods Water Reclamation Company\n\nCantua Creek Community Supported Agriculture #32\n\nCapitol Oil Corporation\n\nCarmel Area Wastewater District\n\nCarmel Riviera Mutual Water Company\n\nCarmichael Water District\n\nCaruthers Community Services District\n\nCasa Loma Water Company Inc\n\nCaspar South Services Company\n\nCastella Community Supported Agriculture #3\n\nCastle Airport Aviation and Development Center\n\nCastro Valley Sanitary District\n\nCastroville Community Services District\n\nCawelo Water District\n\nCayucos Beach Mutual Water Company\n\nCayucos Sanitary District\n\nCebridge Connections\n\nCedar Flat Improvement Association\n\nCenterville Community Services District\n\nCentral Coast Water Authority\n\nCentral Contra Costa Sanitary District\n\nCentral Marin Sanitation Agency\n\nCentral Valley Gas Storage, LLC\n\nCentral Water District\n\nCepheid\n\nCH2M Hill Constructors, Inc.\n\nCharter Communications - Crescent City\n\nCharter Communications - Gilroy\n\nCharter Communications - Rosamond\n\nCharter Communications - San Luis Obispo\n\nCharter Communications - Tulare\n\nCharter Communications - Turlock\n\nChester Public Utilities District\n\nChevron Cymric\n\nChevron Environmental Management Company\n\nChevron Midway Sunset\n\nChevron North America, Exploration & Production - Coalinga Area\n\nChevron North America, Exploration & Production Company\n\nChevron Pipe Line Company\n\nChevron USA\n\nChildren's Hospital Central California\n\nChowchilla Water District\n\nChristian Valley Park Community Services District\n\nChuk Chansi SA-14\n\nCircle Oaks County Water Department\n\nCitrus Heights Water District\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Heat/Power/Light\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Parking & Traffic\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Public Works\n\nCity & County of San Francisco Water\n\nCity of Alameda\n\nCity of Albany\n\nCity of Alturas\n\nCity of American Canyon\n\nCity of Anderson\n\nCity of Angels Camp\n\nCity of Antioch\n\nCity of Arcata\n\nCity of Arroyo Grande\n\nCity of Arvin\n\nCity of Atascadero\n\nCity of Atwater\n\nCity of Auburn\n\nCity of Avenal\n\nCity of Bakersfield\n\nCity of Belmont\n\nCity of Belvedere\n\nCity of Benicia\n\nCity of Berkeley Public Works Engineering Division\n\nCity of Biggs\n\nCity of Blue Lake\n\nCity of Brentwood\n\nCity of Brisbane\n\nCity of Burlingame\n\nCity of California City\n\nCity of Calistoga\n\nCity of Campbell Public Works\n\nCity of Carmel-by-the Sea\n\nCity of Ceres\n\nCity of Chowchilla\n\nCity of Citrus Heights\n\nCity of Clayton\n\nCity of Cloverdale\n\nCity of Clovis\n\nCity of Coalinga\n\nCity of Colusa\n\nCity of Concord\n\nCity of Corcoran\n\nCity of Corning\n\nCity of Cotati\n\nCity of Crescent City\n\nCity of Cupertino\n\nCity of Daly City\n\nCity of Danville\n\nCity of Davis\n\nCity of Delano\n\nCity of Dinuba\n\nCity of Dixon\n\nCity of Dos Palos\n\nCity of Dublin\n\nCity of Dunsmuir\n\nCity of East Palo Alto\n\nCity of El Cerrito\n\nCity of Elk Grove\n\nCity of Emeryville\n\nCity of Escalon\n\nCity of Eureka\n\nCity of Exeter\n\nCity of Fairfield\n\nCity of Farmersville\n\nCity of Ferndale\n\nCity of Firebaugh\n\nCity of Folsom\n\nCity of Fort Bragg\n\nCity of Fortuna\n\nCity of Foster City\n\nCity of Fowler\n\nCity of Fremont Engineering Division\n\nCity of Fresno\n\nCity of Galt\n\nCity of Gilroy\n\nCity of Gonzales\n\nCity of Grass Valley\n\nCity of Greenfield\n\nCity of Gridley\n\nCity of Grover Beach\n\nCity of Gustine\n\nCity of Hayward\n\nCity of Healdsburg\n\nCity of Hercules\n\nCity of Hollister\n\nCity of Hughson\n\nCity of Ione\n\nCity of Isleton\n\nCity of Jackson\n\nCity of Kerman\n\nCity of King City\n\nCity of Kingsburg\n\nCity of Lakeport\n\nCity of Larkspur\n\nCity of Lathrop\n\nCity of Lemoore\n\nCity of Lincoln\n\nCity of Lindsay\n\nCity of Live Oak\n\nCity of Livermore\n\nCity of Livingston\n\nCity of Lodi\n\nCity of Los Altos\n\nCity of Los Banos Department of Public Works\n\nCity of Loyalton\n\nCity of Madera\n\nCity of Manteca\n\nCity of Marina\n\nCity of Martinez\n\nCity of Marysville\n\nCity of McFarland\n\nCity of Mendota\n\nCity of Menlo Park\n\nCity of Merced\n\nCity of Mill Valley\n\nCity of Millbrae\n\nCity of Milpitas\n\nCity of Modesto\n\nCity of Montague\n\nCity of Monterey\n\nCity of Morgan Hill\n\nCity of Morro Bay\n\nCity of Mountain View\n\nCity of Mt Shasta\n\nCity of Napa\n\nCity of Nevada City\n\nCity of Newark\n\nCity of Newman\n\nCity of Novato\n\nCity of Oakdale\n\nCity of Oakland\n\nCity of Oakley\n\nCity of Orange Cove\n\nCity of Orinda\n\nCity of Orland\n\nCity of Oroville\n\nCity of Pacific Grove\n\nCity of Pacifica\n\nCity of Palo Alto\n\nCity of Parlier\n\nCity of Paso Robles\n\nCity of Patterson\n\nCity of Petaluma\n\nCity of Piedmont\n\nCity of Pinole\n\nCity of Pismo Beach\n\nCity of Pittsburg\n\nCity of Placerville\n\nCity of Pleasant Hill\n\nCity of Pleasanton\n\nCity of Plymouth\n\nCity of Point Arena\n\nCity of Porterville\n\nCity of Portola\n\nCity of Rancho Cordova\n\nCity of Red Bluff\n\nCity of Redding\n\nCity of Redwood City Public Works\n\nCity of Reedley\n\nCity of Richmond\n\nCity of Ridgecrest\n\nCity of Rio Dell\n\nCity of Rio Vista\n\nCity of Ripon\n\nCity of Riverbank\n\nCity of Rocklin\n\nCity of Rohnert Park\n\nCity of Roseville\n\nCity of Sacramento\n\nCity of Salinas\n\nCity of San Bruno\n\nCity of San Carlos\n\nCity of San Jose\n\nCity of San Juan Bautista\n\nCity of San Leandro\n\nCity of San Luis Obispo\n\nCity of San Mateo\n\nCity of San Rafael\n\nCity of San Ramon\n\nCity of Sanger\n\nCity of Santa Clara\n\nCity of Santa Cruz\n\nCity of Santa Rosa\n\nCity of Sausalito\n\nCity of Scotts Valley\n\nCity of Seaside\n\nCity of Sebastopol\n\nCity of Selma\n\nCity of Shafter\n\nCity of Shasta Lake\n\nCity of Soledad\n\nCity of Sonoma\n\nCity of Sonora\n\nCity of South Lake Tahoe\n\nCity of South San Francisco\n\nCity of St. Helena\n\nCity of Stockton\n\nCity of Suisun City\n\nCity of Sunnyvale\n\nCity of Susanville\n\nCity of Taft\n\nCity of Tehachapi\n\nCity of Tehama\n\nCity of Tracy\n\nCity of Trinidad\n\nCity of Tulare\n\nCity of Turlock\n\nCity of Ukiah\n\nCity of Union City\n\nCity of Vacaville\n\nCity of Vallejo\n\nCity of Visalia\n\nCity of Walnut Creek\n\nCity of Wasco\n\nCity of Waterford\n\nCity of Watsonville\n\nCity of Weed\n\nCity of West Sacramento\n\nCity of Wheatland\n\nCity of Williams\n\nCity of Willits\n\nCity of Willows\n\nCity of Winters\n\nCity of Woodlake\n\nCity of Woodland\n\nCity of Yreka\n\nCity of Yuba City\n\nClear Creek Community Services District\n\nClear Creek Community Services District - Lassen County\n\nClearlake Oaks County Water District\n\nCoarsegold South Maintenance District 63A\n\nCoastside County Water District\n\nCobb Area County Water District\n\nColusa County Water District\n\nColusa Properties Inc.\n\nComcast\n\nCommunity Medical Centers\n\nConcordia Resources Inc C/O Cabral Production\n\nConsolidated Communications\n\nConsolidated Communications II\n\nConterra Broadband Services\n\nContra Costa County Service Area M-28\n\nContra Costa Water District\n\nCoreSite Realty Corporation\n\nCorning Water District\n\nCostco Wholesale - Santa Cruz\n\nCosumnes Community Services District\n\nCottonwood Community Supported Agriculture #17\n\nCottonwood Water District\n\nCoulterville Water District\n\nCounty of Alameda\n\nCounty of Contra Costa\n\nCounty of Del Norte Community Development Department\n\nCounty of Lake\n\nCounty of Nevada Sanitation District #1\n\nCounty of Placer\n\nCounty of Sacramento\n\nCounty of San Joaquin\n\nCounty of San Luis Obispo\n\nCounty of San Luis Obispo Telecom\n\nCounty of San Mateo\n\nCounty of Santa Clara\n\nCounty of Santa Cruz\n\nCounty of Sonoma\n\nCounty of Stanislaus\n\nCounty of Yolo\n\nCounty of Yolo Communications\n\nCounty Service Area #23-Craig View\n\nCPN Pipeline Company\n\nCreed Energy Center LLC\n\nCrestwood West Coast LLC\n\nCrimson Pipeline LP\n\nCrimson Resource Managment\n\nCrockett Cogeneration\n\nCrockett Sanitary Department\n\nCrossPoint Community Church of Modesto\n\nCrown Castle California\n\nCrows Landing Community Services District\n\nCruzio Media, Inc.\n\nCuesta La Honda Guild\n\nCumorah Knolls Community Supported Agriculture #10\n\nCupertino Sanitary District\n\nCutler Public Utilities District\n\nCVIN LLC\n\nD.E.O.\n\nDel Oro Water - Ferndale\n\nDel Oro Water Company - Magalia\n\nDel Paso Manor Water\n\nDel Rey Community Services District\n\nDelano-Earlimart Irrigation District\n\nDelhi County Water District\n\nDelta Dental Plan of California\n\nDelta Diablo Sanitation District\n\nDelta Energy Center LLC\n\nDelta Liquid Energy\n\nDenair Community Services District\n\nDERWA\n\nDesert Lake Community Services District\n\nDiablo Water District\n\nDick Brown Technical Service\n\nDick Brown Technical Service - Borax\n\nDigital Transport Corporation\n\nDigital West Networks, Inc.\n\nDillon Estates Maintenance District 60\n\nDon Pedro Sewer District\n\nDonner Summit Public Utilities District\n\nDos Palos Area Joint Power Agency\n\nDow Chemical\n\nDublin San Ramon Services District\n\nDucor Telephone Company\n\nDudley Ridge Water District\n\nDuke Energy Renewables\n\nDunnigan Water District\n\nDurham Irrigation District\n\nE & B Natural Resources Management Corporation\n\nEarlimart Public Utilities District\n\nEast Bay Dischargers Authority\n\nEast Bay Municipal Utilities District\n\nEast Bay Municipal Utility District Wastewater Department\n\nEast Contra Costa Irrigation District\n\nEast Niles Community Services District\n\nEast Palo Alto Sanitary District\n\nEastern Sierra Propane\n\nEastin Arcola Maintenance District 36\n\nEastside Water Association\n\nEl Camino Irrigation District\n\nEl Dorado Hills Community Services District\n\nEl Dorado Irrigation District\n\nEl Paso Natural Gas Company\n\nEl Porvenir Community Supported Agriculture #30\n\nElk Grove Water Service\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / CGG\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / DGG\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / SVP\n\nEnergy Operations Managment / YPC\n\nErskine Creek Water Company\n\nEscape Broadband\n\nEsparto Community Services District\n\nExeter Irrigation District\n\nExtenet Systems, Inc. California\n\nExxon Mobil Pipeline Company\n\nFair Oaks Water District\n\nFairfax Center Properties, LLC\n\nFairfield-Suisun Sewer District\n\nFairmead Maintenance District 33\n\nFairview Water Company LLC\n\nFalcon Cable TV-Redding\n\nFall River Mills Community Services District\n\nFarmers & Merchants Bank\n\nFerrellgas - Elk Grove\n\nFerrellgas - Lake County\n\nFerrellgas - Mendocino County\n\nFerrellgas - Nevada County\n\nFibersphere Communications of California LLC\n\nFiero Lane Water County\n\nFirst Mace Meadow Water Association Inc\n\nFitch Mountain Water District Community Supported Agriculture #24\n\nFlorin County Water District\n\nFMC Fresno\n\nFolsom Lake Mutual Water Company\n\nFoothill Energy LLC\n\nFoothill Energy LLC - Colusa\n\nForest Lakes Mutual Water Company\n\nForesthill Public Utilities District\n\nForestville Water District\n\nFort Bragg Trout Farm\n\nFPL Energy Montezuma Wind LLC\n\nFranklin County Water District\n\nFrazier Park Public Utility District\n\nFreedom Telecommunications LLC dba WILCON\n\nFreestone Water Systems\n\nFrench Gulch Water District-Community Supported Agriculture #11\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #10-A - Mansionette Estates\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34A - Brighton Crest\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34B - Ventana Hills\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #34C - Granite Crest\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #39AB - Beran Way\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #43 - Raisin City\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44-C - Tanqueray Development\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44-D - Monte Verdi\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #44A - Friant Mobile Home Park\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #47 - Quail Lake\n\nFresno County Community Supported Agriculture #49 - O'neill Farming\n\nFresno County Waterworks District #18\n\nFried Private Water Line\n\nFrontier a Citizen Communications Company (CA-2)\n\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company (CA)\n\nFrontier a Citizens Communications Company -Colusa\n\nFrontier Patterson\n\nFruitridge Vista Water Company\n\nFulton Water Company\n\nG-REM Inc\n\nGarberville Sanitation District\n\nGarden Farms Community Water District\n\nGas Pipeline Services Inc.\n\nGasquet Community Services District\n\nGE Hitachi Nuclear Energy LLC\n\nGeorgetown Divide Public Utility District\n\nGerber Las Flores Community Services District\n\nGill Ranch Storage LLC\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Feather River\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Lambie Energy Center\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Wolfskill Energy Center\n\nGilroy Energy Center LLC for Yuba City Energy\n\nGlide Water District\n\nGold Mountain Community Services District\n\nGolden Gate Bridge Highway & Transportation\n\nGolden Hills Community Services District\n\nGolden Hills North Wind, LLC\n\nGolden Hills Wind, LLC\n\nGolden State Water Company\n\nGolden State Water Company - Lake County\n\nGolden State Water Company Contra Costa County\n\nGolden State Water Company San Luis Obispo\n\nGoldside Maintenance District 27\n\nGoogle\n\nGoogle Fiber California, LLC\n\nGoose Haven Energy Center LLC\n\nGoshen Community Services District\n\nGraduate Theological Union\n\nGranada Sanitary District\n\nGravelly Ford Water District\n\nGreat Oaks Water Company\n\nGreen River Mutual Water Company\n\nGreenfield Communications Inc\n\nGreenfield County Water District\n\nGreenhorn Creek Community Services District\n\nGreka\n\nGrimmway Enterprises Inc\n\nGrizzly Flats Community Services District\n\nGrizzly Lake Community Services District\n\nGroveland Community Services District\n\nGualala Community Services District\n\nHacienda Owners Association\n\nHamilton Branch Community Services District\n\nHamilton Branch Mutual Water Company\n\nHamilton City Community Services District\n\nHappy Camp Community Services District\n\nHappy Camp Sanitary District\n\nHappy Valley Telephone Company\n\nHarbor View Mutual Water Company\n\nHeart of San Mateo, LLC\n\nHeights Mutual Water Company\n\nHenrik Nielsen - Land Owner\n\nHeritage Ranch Community Services District\n\nHerlong Public Utility District\n\nHetch Hetchy Water & Power\n\nHidden Lakes Maintenance District 1\n\nHidden Valley Lake Community Services District\n\nHigh Winds LLC\n\nHighlands Water Company\n\nHills Valley Irrigation District\n\nHillview Water Company Inc\n\nHilmar County Water District\n\nHilton Creek Community Services District\n\nHomestead Valley Sanitary District\n\nHoneywell Inc Honeywell Plaza\n\nHoopa Valley Public Utilities District\n\nHopland Public Utilities District\n\nHorizon Cable TV Inc\n\nHornitos Telephone Company\n\nHowell Mountain Mutual Water Company\n\nHumboldt Bay Municipal Water District\n\nHumboldt Community Services District\n\nHumboldt State University\n\nHunter Communications, Inc.\n\nHydesville County Water District\n\nIndian Lakes Service Area -1\n\nIndian Valley Community Services District\n\nIndian Wells Valley Water District\n\nINNEX California, Inc.\n\nIntegra Telecom, Inc California\n\nInverness Public Utility District\n\nInyokern Community Services District\n\nIrish Hills Mutual Water Company\n\nIron Mountain Mutual Water Company\n\nIronhouse Sanitary District\n\nIsland Energy\n\nIvanhoe Public Utilities District\n\nJ P Oil Company, LLC\n\nJ S West Propane\n\nJ S West Propane - Colfax\n\nJ S West Propane - Diamond Springs\n\nJ S West Propane - Modesto\n\nJack Pine Road Mutual Water Company\n\nJackson Valley Irrigation District\n\nJamestown Sanitation District\n\nJenner County Service Area #34\n\nJoe Simoes & Sons Dairy, Inc.\n\nJones Valley Community Supported Agriculture #6\n\nJune Lake Public Utilities District\n\nKaiser Foundation Health Plan\n\nKamps Propane\n\nKanawha Water District\n\nKaruk Tribe\n\nKerman Telephone dba Sebastian\n\nKern County Water Agency\n\nKern Oil & Refining Company\n\nKern-Tulare Water District\n\nKeswick Water District Community Supported Agriculture #25\n\nKettleman City Community Services District\n\nKeyes Community Services District\n\nKinder Morgan / SFPP California\n\nKirkwood Meadows Public Utilities District\n\nKirkwood Mountain Resort LLC\n\nKonocti County Water District\n\nKrista Mutual Water Company\n\nKTVU-TV Engineering\n\nLa Vina Maintenance District 37\n\nLACC Mutual Water Company\n\nLake Alpine Water Company\n\nLake Berryessa Resort Improvement District\n\nLake Don Pedro Community Services District\n\nLake of the Pines Associaton\n\nLake of the Woods Mutual Water Company\n\nLake Oroville Area Public Utility District\n\nLake Shastina Community Services District\n\nLake Shore Maintenance District 6\n\nLake Siskiyou Mutual Water Company\n\nLakeside Park Association Inc\n\nLakeview Hills Community Association\n\nLamont Public Utility District\n\nLas Gallinas Valley Sanitary District\n\nLassen Municipal Utility District\n\nLassen Plumas Gas Service\n\nLathrop Irrigation District\n\nLaton Community Service District\n\nLawrence Livermore National Lab\n\nLawrence Livermore National Lab - Site 300\n\nLaytonville County Water District\n\nLe Grand Community Service District\n\nLebec County Water District\n\nLemoore Apartments LLC\n\nLeprino Foods Company, Lemoore West\n\nLevel 3 Communications California\n\nLewis Creek Water District\n\nLewiston Community Services District\n\nLiberty Utilites LLC\n\nLinda County Water District\n\nLinde LLC\n\nLinden County Water District\n\nLindmore Irrigation District\n\nLindsay Strathmore Irrigation District\n\nLivermore Amador Valley Water Management\n\nLoch Lomond Mutual Water Company\n\nLockeford Community Services District\n\nLocus Technologies - Raytheon\n\nLodi Gas Storage LLC\n\nLodi Memorial Hospital\n\nLogan Creek Estates General Improvement District\n\nLoleta Community Services District\n\nLongbow LLC\n\nLos Angeles Department of Water & Power\n\nLos Osos Community Service District\n\nLost Hills Utility District\n\nLost Hills Water District\n\nLower Lake County Waterworks District #1\n\nLower Tule River Irrigation District\n\nLukins Brothers Water Company Inc.\n\nMacpherson Oil Company\n\nMadera Chowchills Water & Power Authority\n\nMadera Irrigation District\n\nMadera Ranchos Maintenance District 10\n\nMadera Valley Water Company\n\nMadera Water District\n\nMalaga County Water District\n\nMammoth County Water District\n\nManila Community Service District\n\nManzana Power Services, Inc\n\nMarin Municipal Water District\n\nMarina Coast Water District\n\nMarina View Maintenance District 7\n\nMariposa Pines Sewer District\n\nMariposa Public Utility District\n\nMarkleeville Public Utility District\n\nMarkleeville Water Company\n\nMartinez Refining / Equilon\n\nMassini Mutual Water Company\n\nMasTec North America\n\nMatrix Oil Corporation\n\nMauritson-Property Owner\n\nMaxwell Public Utility District\n\nMc Cloud Community Service District\n\nMcClellan Business Park\n\nMCI WorldCom California\n\nMcKesson Corporation\n\nMcKinleyville Community Service District\n\nMcKinney Water District\n\nMDY Properties, Inc.\n\nMeadow Vista County Water District\n\nMediacom-California LLC\n\nMediaCom-Clearlake Oaks\n\nMediacom-Ridgecrest\n\nMendocino County Water Works District II\n\nMentren Corporation\n\nMerced Irrigation District\n\nMerced Irrigation District -Electric Department\n\nMesa Business Park\n\nMeyers Water Company, Inc\n\nMiami Creek Maintenance District 43\n\nMid-Peninsula Water District\n\nMidset Cogeneration Company\n\nMidway Community Service District\n\nMidway Heights County Water District\n\nMidway Sunset Cogeneration\n\nMil Potrero Mutual Water Company\n\nMile High Waste Water District #37\n\nMillview County Water District\n\nMiranda Community Services District\n\nModesto & Empire Traction Company\n\nModesto Irrigation District\n\nMojave Air & Space Port\n\nMojave Pipeline Operating Company\n\nMojave Public Utility District\n\nMokelumne Hill Sanitary District\n\nMontara Water & Sewer District\n\nMonterey Bay Aquarium\n\nMonterey County Public Works\n\nMonterey County Water Resources Agency\n\nMonterey Regional Water Pollution Control\n\nMorgan Hill Unified School District\n\nMorro Rock Mutual Water Company\n\nMosbaugh Properties\n\nMount Hermon Association Inc\n\nMountain Gate Community Service District\n\nMountain Ranches Maintenance District 5\n\nMountain View Sanitation District\n\nMt Konocti Mutual Water Company\n\nMt Mesa Water Company\n\nMuni Overhead Lines Department\n\nMurphys Sanitary District\n\nMusick Meadows Mutual Water Company #2 Inc.\n\nNAFTEX - Dick Brown Technical Service\n\nNaftex Operating Company\n\nNapa Berryessa Resort Improvement District\n\nNapa Sanitation District\n\nNavy BRAC\n\nNCPA - Dick Brown Technical Service\n\nNevada Irrigation District\n\nNextera Energy Resources LLC - Sky River\n\nNextera Energy Resources North Sky River Wind LLC\n\nNextera Energy Resources Tehachapi Substation Comm.\n\nNextera Energy Resources Vasco Winds LLC\n\nNice Mutual Water Company\n\nNipomo Community Service District\n\nNorth Coast County Water\n\nNorth Dos Palos Water District\n\nNorth Edwards Water District\n\nNorth Fork Maintenance District 8\n\nNorth Gualala Water Company\n\nNorth Kaweah Mutual Water Company\n\nNorth Marin Water District\n\nNorth of the River Municipal Water District\n\nNorth of the River Sanitary District #1\n\nNorth San Joaquin Water Conservatory\n\nNorth Tahoe Public Utility District\n\nNorth Yuba Water District\n\nNorthern California Power Agency\n\nNorthland Cable TV-Mt Shasta\n\nNorthland Cable TV-Oakhurst\n\nNorthland Cable TV-Yreka\n\nNorthstar Community Service District\n\nNorthwest Petroleum, Inc\n\nNovato Sanitation District\n\nNPG Cable Inc\n\nNRG Energy - San Francisco\n\nO’Connor Tract Co-Operative Water\n\nO.L.S. Energy - Agnews, Inc\n\nOACYS Technology\n\nOakdale Irrigation District\n\nOakhurst Maintenance District 22\n\nOasis Property Owners\n\nOccidental Canal Company\n\nOccidental Community Services District\n\nOceano Community Services District\n\nOffice of Technology Services\n\nOildale Mutual Water Company\n\nOlam Tomato Processors, Inc.\n\nOlin Corporation\n\nOlivehurst Public Utilities District\n\nOrange Cove Irrigation District\n\nOrange Vale Water Company\n\nOrland-Artois Water District\n\nOro Loma Sanitary District\n\nOrosi Public Utility District\n\nPacific Bell\n\nPacific Coast Producers\n\nPacific Gas & Electric\n\nPacific Grove Unified School District\n\nPacific Power & Light Company - Crescent City\n\nPacific Power & Light Company Alturas\n\nPacific Power & Light Company Yreka\n\nPacific Union College\n\nPajaro Valley Water Management Agency\n\nPajaro/Sunny Mesa Community Service District\n\nPalmer Creek Community Services District\n\nPalo Alto Park Mutual Water Company\n\nPalo Cedro Community Supported Agriculture #8\n\nPalomino Lakes Mutual Water Company\n\nParadise Irrigation District\n\nParksdale Service Area - 3\n\nParkwood Maintenance District 19\n\nPatterson Irrigation District\n\nPAXIO Inc\n\nPC Landing Corporation\n\nPebble Beach Community Services District\n\nPenngrove-Kenwood Water Company\n\nPetrogulf Corporation C/O Dos Rios Inc\n\nPhilips Semiconductors\n\nPhillips 66 Company - Sacramento\n\nPhillips 66 Pipeline LLC\n\nPine Grove Community Services District\n\nPinecrest Permittees Association\n\nPinedale County Water District\n\nPinnacles Telephone Company\n\nPinon Pines Mutual Water Company\n\nPinon Valley Water Company\n\nPioneer Exploration LTD\n\nPixley Public Utility District\n\nPlacer County Water Agency\n\nPlains All American\n\nPlanada Community Services District\n\nPlumas Bank\n\nPlumas Eureka Community Services District\n\nPlumas Sierra Rural Electric Corporation\n\nPlumas-Sierra Telecommuniations California\n\nPoint to Point\n\nPonderosa Telephone Company\n\nPoplar Community Services District\n\nPort San Luis Harbor District\n\nPorter Vista Public Utilities District\n\nPraxair Inc/Linde\n\nPremier Community Credit Union\n\nProberta Water District\n\nProctor & Gamble Manufacturing Company\n\nPureSource Water, Inc\n\nPurissima Hills Water District\n\nQuail Valley Water District\n\nQuartz Mountain Maintenance District 73\n\nQUEST Media & Supplies\n\nQuorum Technologies, Inc.\n\nQwest Communications - California\n\nR & R Resources LLC\n\nRace Telecommunications, Inc.\n\nRains Creek Water Systems\n\nRaintree Fair Oaks LLC\n\nRancho Murieta Association\n\nRancho Murieta Community Services District\n\nRancho Tehama Telephone Company\n\nRanchos West Maintenance District 95\n\nRand Communities Water District\n\nReclamation District #999\n\nReclamation District 1004\n\nRedflex Traffic Systems\n\nRedwood Valley County Water District\n\nRepublic Services of Sonoma County, Inc.\n\nResort Improvement District #1\n\nRichardson Bay Sanitary District\n\nRio Linda/Elverta Community Water District\n\nRipperdan Maintenance District 28\n\nRising Tree Wind Farm LLC\n\nRiver Pines Public Utilities District\n\nRiverdale Public Utilities District\n\nRiverlake Community Association\n\nRiverside Acres Association\n\nRiverside Community Services District\n\nRobert L. and Mary Jo Thompson, Property Owners\n\nRodeo Sanitary District\n\nRogina Water Company Inc\n\nRolling Hills Service Area -19\n\nRosamond Community Services District\n\nRosedale Rio-Bravo Water Storage District\n\nRoseview Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nRoyale Energy\n\nRRM Inc\n\nRussian River County Water District\n\nS & T Mutual Water Company\n\nS.N.M.E. Gas Company Inc.\n\nSacramento County Office of Education\n\nSacramento County Water Agency\n\nSacramento Municipal Utilities District\n\nSacramento Regional Transit\n\nSacramento Suburban Water Dist\n\nSaddleback Water Association\n\nSalida Sanitary District\n\nSalmon Creek Water District CSA #32\n\nSalsipuedes Sanitary District\n\nSan Andreas Mutual Water\n\nSan Andreas Sanitary District (WUUA)\n\nSan Benito County Water\n\nSan Carlos Telecom Inc\n\nSan Francisco Bay Area Rapid Transit, Real Estate Dept\n\nSan Francisco Museum of Modern Art\n\nSan Francisco PUC - Water Supply & Treatment Division\n\nSan Joaquin Facilities Management Inc\n\nSan Jose Water Company\n\nSan Jose/Santa Clara Regional Wastewater Facility\n\nSan Juan Suburban Water District\n\nSan Leandro Dark Fiber\n\nSan Lorenzo Valley Water District\n\nSan Lucas County Water District\n\nSan Luis Coastal Unified School District\n\nSan Luis Water District\n\nSan Mateo County Transit District\n\nSan Miguel Community Services District\n\nSan Miguelito Mutual Water Company\n\nSan Rafael Sanitary District\n\nSan Simeon Community Services District\n\nSandra Tavares - Homeowner\n\nSanitation District #1-Marin County\n\nSanitation District #5-Marin County\n\nSanta Clara Unified School Dist\n\nSanta Clara Valley Water District\n\nSanta Lucia Community Services District\n\nSanta Nella County Water District\n\nSaratoga Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nSaucelito Irrigation District\n\nSausalito-Marin City Sanitary District\n\nSchlumberger Technology Corporation\n\nScotts Valley Water District\n\nSea Ranch Connect\n\nSearles Valley Minerals\n\nSebastian - Foresthill\n\nSelma-Kingsburg-Fowler County Sanitary District\n\nSemitropic Water Storage District\n\nSeneca Resources Corporation\n\nSentinel Peak Resources, LLC\n\nSequoia Exploration, Inc.\n\nSereno Del Mar Water Systems\n\nSewer Authority Mid-Coastside\n\nSewerage Agency of South Marin\n\nSewerage Commission-Oroville\n\nShafter Solar LLC\n\nShafter Wasco Irrigation District\n\nShasta Community Services District\n\nShaver Lake Community Supported Agriculture #31B\n\nShaver Lake Point 2 Mutual Water Company\n\nShaver Lake Propane\n\nShaver Lake Waste Water District #41\n\nShaver Springs Waste Water District #40\n\nShell Aviation\n\nShell Pipeline Company LP\n\nShiloh I Wind Project LLC\n\nShore Terminals LLC\n\nSierra Highlands Maintenance District 58\n\nSierra Lakes County Water District\n\nSierra Telephone\n\nSignal Hill Petroleum Inc C/O Dos Rios Inc\n\nSilica Networks\n\nSilicon Valley Clean Water\n\nSilicon Valley Power\n\nSiskiyou Telephone Company\n\nSite Resources One, LLC - C/O Dos Rio Inc\n\nSixty (60) Civil Engr. SQ / CEOIF\n\nSky Harbour Waste Water District #38\n\nSky Londa Mutual Water Company\n\nSlawson Exploration\n\nSmith River Community Services District\n\nSmith River Rancheria\n\nSnelling Community Services District\n\nSolano Irrigation District\n\nSonic Telecom, LLC\n\nSonoma County Water Agency\n\nSoquel Creek Water District\n\nSouth Cloverdale Water Company\n\nSouth Dos Palos County Water District\n\nSouth Feather Water & Power\n\nSouth Placer Municipal Utilities District\n\nSouth San Joaquin Irrigation District\n\nSouth San Luis Obispo County Sanitary District\n\nSouth Sutter Water District\n\nSouth Tahoe Public Utilities District\n\nSouthern California Edison - California\n\nSouthern California Edison Transmissions\n\nSouthern California Gas Company\n\nSouthern San Joaquin Municipal Utilities District\n\nSouthgate Recreation & Park\n\nSouthwest Gas Corporation - California\n\nSpace Sys / Loral\n\nSpalding Community Services District\n\nSpreckels Water Company\n\nSpringville Public Utilities District\n\nSprint - California\n\nSquaw Valley Mutual Water Company\n\nSquaw Valley Public Services District\n\nStallion Springs Community Services District\n\nStanford University\n\nStantec Consulting Corporation\n\nStarlink Logistics, Inc\n\nStarrh Family Farms\n\nState of California Legislative Data Center\n\nStege Sanitary District\n\nStill Meadows Maintenance District 42\n\nStinson Beach County Water District\n\nStockton East Water District\n\nStones / Bengard Community Services District\n\nStratford Pub Utility District\n\nStrathmore Pub Utility District\n\nStryker Neurovascular\n\nSuburban Propane - Oakhurst\n\nSuburban Propane-Yreka\n\nSuddenlink Communications - Auburn\n\nSuddenlink Communications - Humboldt\n\nSugar Bowl Corporation\n\nSugarloaf Community Supported Agriculture #2\n\nSumner Hill Service Area - 16\n\nSundale Mutual Water Company\n\nSunnyslope County Water District\n\nSunset Ridge Maintenance District 40\n\nSurprise Valley Electrification Corp - California\n\nSusanville Consolidated Sanitary District\n\nSutter Community Services District\n\nSutter Health\n\nSweetwater Springs Water District\n\nTahoe City Public Utility District\n\nTahoe Keys Water Company\n\nTahoe Park Water Company\n\nTahoe Swiss Village Utility Inc\n\nTahoe-Truckee Sanitary Agency\n\nTalmont Resort Improvement District\n\nTamalpais Community Services District\n\nTamarack Estates Community Supported Agriculture #1\n\nTBI-Mission West LLC\n\nTDY\n\nTea Pot Dome Water District\n\nTeaford Meadows Maintenance District 24\n\nTehachapi-Cummings County Water District\n\nTekify Fiber LLC\n\nTeleport Communications / Golden State Utility\n\nTempleton Community Services District\n\nTerra Bella Irrigation District\n\nTerra De Oro Water Company\n\nTerradex Inc\n\nTesoro\n\nTexaco Cross Valley Fuel Systems\n\nThe Boeing Company - California\n\nThe David & Lucile Packard Foundation\n\nThe Irvine Company\n\nThe Nahabedian Exploration Group LLC\n\nThe Pig Farm Enterprises Lp\n\nThe Presidio Trust\n\nThe Sea Ranch Water Company\n\nThe Termo Company - Princeton\n\nThermalito Water and Sewer District\n\nThomas McLarty - Homeowner\n\nThree Rivers\n\nTimber Cove County Water District\n\nTime Warner Cable\n\nTippett Studio\n\nTipton Community Services District\n\nTokay Park Water Company\n\nTomales Village Community Services District\n\nTonopah Public Utilities\n\nTorrance Logistics Company, LLC\n\nTown of Colma\n\nTown of Discovery Bay\n\nTown of Fort Jones\n\nTown of Hillsborough\n\nTown of Loomis\n\nTown of Los Altos Hills\n\nTown of Los Gatos\n\nTown of Moraga\n\nTown of Ross\n\nTown of San Anselmo\n\nTown of Tiburon\n\nTown of Truckee\n\nTown of Woodside\n\nTown of Yountville\n\nTPX Communications I\n\nTPX Communications II\n\nTract 92 Community Services District\n\nTranquillity Irrigation District\n\nTrans Bay Cable LLC\n\nTransMontaigne\n\nTreasure Creek Woods Mutual Water Company\n\nTreasure Island Utility Operations\n\nTricor Refining LLC\n\nTrinity Conty Waterworks District #1\n\nTrinity Public Utility District\n\nTruckee Donner Public Utilities District\n\nTruckee Meadows Water Authority\n\nTruckee Tahoe Propane/Amerigas\n\nTulare County Federal Credit Union\n\nTulare County Information & Communications\n\nTulare Lake Drainage District\n\nTuolumne City Sanitary District\n\nTuolumne Utility District\n\nTurlock Irrigation District\n\nTurner Gas Company Inc\n\nTuscarora Gas Transmission California\n\nTuscarora Gas Transmission Nevada\n\nTwain Harte Community Services District\n\nU. S. Borax\n\nUkiah Valley Sanitation District\n\nUnion Heights Mutual Water Company\n\nUnion Pacific Railroad Company\n\nUnion Public Utilities District\n\nUnion Sanitation District / Collect Systems Department\n\nUnivar USA Inc\n\nUniversal Paragon Corporation\n\nUniversity of California - Merced\n\nUniversity of California Berkeley\n\nUniversity of California Davis\n\nUniversity of California Davis Medical Center\n\nUniversity of California Hastings College of the Law\n\nUniversity of California Merced - Water/Gas Operations\n\nUniversity of the Pacific\n\nUniversity of the Pacific - Sacramento Area\n\nUnocal/Union Oil\n\nUSA Media Group-Truckee\n\nUSS-Posco Industries\n\nUtica Power Authority\n\nUtility Telephone, Inc.\n\nValero Energy Corporation\n\nValero Refining\n\nValeta Maintenance District 85\n\nVallejo Sanitation & Flood Control\n\nValley Electric Association Inc California\n\nValley of the Moon Water District\n\nValley Springs Public Utilities District\n\nValley Transportation Authority\n\nValley Water Management Company\n\nVandalia Irrigation District\n\nVaquero Energy\n\nVaughn Water Company Inc\n\nVelocity Communications, Inc.\n\nVenida Packing Company\n\nVeolia Water North America, West LLC\n\nVeterans Home of California\n\nViasat, Inc. California\n\nVisalia Medical Clinic\n\nVolcano Telephone Company\n\nWard Well Water Company Inc\n\nWaste Management / SCS Engineers\n\nWave Broadband - Concord\n\nWave Broadband - Garberville\n\nWave Broadband - Rocklin\n\nWave Broadband - Sacramento Region\n\nWave Broadband - San Francisco\n\nWeaverville Community Services District\n\nWeaverville Sanitary District\n\nWeimar Water Company\n\nWeir Floway / Geosyntec Consultants\n\nWes Bradford Properties Inc.\n\nWest Almanor Mutual Water Company\n\nWest Bay Sanitary District\n\nWest Coast Gas Co Inc - Merced\n\nWest Coast Gas Company Inc - Sacramento\n\nWest County Wastewater District\n\nWest Kern Water District\n\nWest San Martin Water Works\n\nWest Side Irrigation District\n\nWest Valley Construction Company\n\nWest Valley Sanitary District\n\nWestborough Water District\n\nWestern Acres Mutual Water\n\nWestern Digital\n\nWestern Hills Water District\n\nWesthaven Community Services District\n\nWestlands Wtr District\n\nWeston Solutions, Inc.\n\nWestside Solar LLC\n\nWestside Water District\n\nWestwood Community Services District\n\nWheeler Ridge-Maricopa Water Storage\n\nWhite Knight Production, LLC\n\nWhitney Point Solar LLC\n\nWickland Pipeline LLC\n\nWild Goose Storage Inc\n\nWildwood Island Community Supported Agriculture #5\n\nWillow County Water District\n\nWillow Creek Community Services District\n\nWindjammer Cable\n\nWindjammer Cable - Susanville\n\nWindsor Water District\n\nWinton Water & Sanitation District\n\nWm Bolthouse Farms Inc\n\nWoodbridge Sanitary District\n\nWoodland-Davis Clean Water Agency\n\nWoodlands Mutual Water Company\n\nWoodville Public Utility District\n\nYolo County Flood Control & Water District\n\nYosemite National Park\n\nYosemite Spring Park Utility\n\nYosemite West Water District\n\nZAYO - California\n\nZayo Group LLC fna Networks 360\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Member Contact Update\n\nWe encourage all our Members to update their contact information regularly.\nIt’s recommended to update at least every Quarter, or as needed. If you have\nany questions about your membership please contact Member Services at\nmemberservices@usanorth811.org.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Where Do I Begin?\n\nLorem ipsum dolor sit amet, consectetur adipiscing elit. Maecenas eu dapibus\ntellus, quis euismod nunc. Aliquam vulputate massa neque, vel auctor tellus\ninterdum id. Integer blandit purus id tortor bibendum, sed rhoncus leo\nmolestie. Aliquam venenatis dignissim turpis a tincidunt. Nullam justo lectus,\nauctor scelerisque erat sed, dictum pellentesque eros. Cras non congue neque,\nvitae varius ligula. Nam feugiat magna fermentum eleifend iaculis. Nam\ncondimentum nisi quis feugiat congue. Donec mattis accumsan augue, faucibus\nhendrerit sem mollis non.\n\nDonec ac eros rhoncus nisl rutrum fringilla. Nam convallis sagittis tellus,\neget rutrum nisi venenatis sit amet. Donec tincidunt et enim eu scelerisque.\nOrci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis parturient montes, nascetur\nridiculus mus. Etiam fringilla porttitor orci, in vulputate est finibus sit\namet. Nulla mollis, odio et vestibulum sagittis, enim urna laoreet quam, eget\nauctor urna nunc et neque. Orci varius natoque penatibus et magnis dis\nparturient montes, nascetur ridiculus mus. Ut fermentum laoreet metus sed\nblandit. Phasellus volutpat dictum neque ac pulvinar. Ut et mauris magna.\n\nSed vestibulum lacus a nibh ullamcorper fermentum. Donec in sodales risus.\nMorbi aliquet quis nisi at fermentum. Pellentesque feugiat diam eget libero\nvenenatis, nec cursus nulla tristique. Quisque consequat lacinia malesuada.\nEtiam vitae nisi accumsan, fringilla turpis non, condimentum sapien. Curabitur\nultricies lacus est, sit amet facilisis purus suscipit et. Nulla vitae nisi ut\nest vestibulum cursus. Interdum et malesuada fames ac ante ipsum primis in\nfaucibus. Fusce dictum nunc et ligula ultrices rutrum. Pellentesque dapibus\nnibh quis nisl condimentum, et tempor lacus dignissim.\n\n811 Express\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## California Dirt Reports\n\n2020 DIRT Report\n\n2019 DIRT Report\n\n2018 DIRT Report\n\n2017 DIRT Report\n\n2016 DIRT Report\n\n2015 DIRT Report\n\n2014 DIRT Report\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## FAQs - DIYer\n\nWhat is a ticket?\n\nA \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\nand preferably longer for your records.\n\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\n\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\nticket, please click here.\n\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\n\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\nby clicking the button below.\n\nGet A Copy Of Your Ticket\n\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\n\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\n\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\n\nYou can begin your excavation once the following conditions have been met:\n\nIt is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\nto your request.\n\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\nnotified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under\nthe “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\n\nWho marks the utility lines?\n\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\nutility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rd party\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\n\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\n\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our How to\nPremark Instructional Video.\n\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\n\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\nowned by a utility.\n\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\n\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\n\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\nproceed?\n\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\nusing only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance\nzone and hand digging requirements, please click here for CA requirements or\nclick here for NV requirements.\n\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\nfunds your operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\n\nWhat does it cost to submit an 811 request?\n\nSubmitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig\nproject is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the\ncenter and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the\npublic a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground\nutilities.\n\nI see spray paint markings at my property, how can I find out who is doing\nwork?\n\nHave you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence\nproject, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are\nmost likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property\nfor that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is\nbeing done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your\nshared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property,\nand you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please\nemail our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look\nand see if there are any open tickets for your address.\n\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\ncomplete?\n\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\nmarkings when the job is complete.\n\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\n\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign\nup page.\n\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\n\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our Simple Ticket Search program. If\nyou still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer\nservice representative that you need help looking up your ticket number.\n\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\nmy request?\n\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\nresponse to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from\nall utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\n\nWhat do the colors mean?\n\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code\nsystem to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\n\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\n\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\n\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\n\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\n\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\n\nBlue: Potable Water\n\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\n\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\n\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\n\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\nmeet during my digging project?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\nHow long is my 811 request good for?\n\nYour ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket\nsubmission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your\nrequest. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you\nhave determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you\ncan request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on\nyour ticket.\n\nHow deep are the utility lines buried?\n\nThe depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An\nunderground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was\noriginally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface\nactivity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility\nowners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links: CA Members\n\nNV Members\n\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\n\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\nonlineservices@usanorth811.org.\n\nI’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811\nand submit the utility locate request?\n\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\nunder their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your\nproperty, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for\nthem/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your\ncontractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work\nyou do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\n\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\nmembers listed on my ticket?\n\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\nresponse” situation.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## FAQs - Contractor\n\nWhat is a ticket?\n\nA \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\nand preferably longer for your records.\n\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\n\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging, since many\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\nticket, please click here.\n\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\n\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\nhere.\n\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\n\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\n\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\n\nYou can begin your excavation once the following conditions have been met:\n\n· It is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\nto your request.\n\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\nnotified, please click the “Get a Copy of your Ticket” button located under\nthe “Quick Links’ section at the top of our website.\n\nWho marks the utility lines?\n\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\nutility members utilize in-house locators, while others hire 3^rd party\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\n\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\n\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our \"How to\nPremark\" instructional video.\n\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\n\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\nowned by a utility.\n\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\n\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\n\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\nproceed?\n\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\nusing only human powered hand tools.\n\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\nfunds your operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\n\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\ncomplete?\n\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\nmarkings when the job is complete.\n\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\n\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please visit our E-Tickets sign\nup page.\n\nI forgot to submit my 811 request and I’m supposed to start my work tomorrow;\ncan I submit an emergency request?\n\nAll excavation requests require a minimum of two working days’ notice prior to\nthe start of excavation. State law identifies which factors qualify a request\nas an emergency, and if your excavation does not meet those requirements you\ncannot submit an emergency request. To see if your excavation meets the\nrequirements of an emergency notification, please see the state specific\nemergency definitions below:\n\nCalifornia: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence, involving a\nclear and imminent danger, demanding immediate action to prevent or mitigate\nloss of, or damage to, life, health, property, or essential public services.\n\nNevada: “Emergency” means a sudden, unexpected occurrence that involves clear\nand imminent danger and requires immediate action to prevent or mitigate loss\nof life or damage to health, property or essential public services.\n\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\n\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program: Simple\nTicket Search. If you still cannot find your ticket, please call 811 and\nadvise the customer service representative that you need help looking up your\nticket number.\n\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\nmy request?\n\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\nresponse to your ticket here. You are required by law to get a response from\nall utility members on your ticket before you can begin your work.\n\nWhat do the colors mean?\n\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association Color Code\nsystem to mark their underground facilities for you. The color code is:\n\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\n\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\n\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\n\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\n\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\n\nBlue: Potable Water\n\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\n\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\n\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\n\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\nmeet during my digging project?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law - Nevada Revised\nStatutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links:\n\nCA Members\n\nNV Members\n\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\n\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\nweboperations@usanorth811.org.\n\nI’m hiring a sub-contractor to do work at my jobsite, who needs to contact 811\nand submit the utility locate request?\n\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\nunder their name. If you are hiring a sub-contractor to perform work on your\nproperty, the sub-contractor needs to contact 811 and submit their own request\nfor them/their company. The sub-contractor cannot work under another\ncontractor or sub-contractors existing 811 ticket.\n\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\nmembers listed on my ticket?\n\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\nresponse” situation.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## FAQs - Utility Operator\n\nI am a utility owner, how do I become a member of USA North 811?\n\nIf you are a utility owner and currently not a member of USA North 811, you\ncan become a member by first filling out our membership application here:\n\nWhat are my responsibilities as a member of USA North 811?\n\n * Respond in a timely manner to all locate requests you receive. That means:\n * Respond to each request before the start time or legal notice (whichever is later)\n * Accurately mark and locate your underground facilities when threatened by the proposed excavation\n * Notify the contractor, homeowner, or ticket submitter promptly when your facilities are clear of their excavation work and they are in no danger of uncovering them\n * Follow CGA Best Practices Appendix B guidelines when marking the facilities you own in the area of proposed excavation\n * Using the appropriate amount of markings needed to identify your underground facilities while avoiding excessive markings and decorative hardscapes (decorative rock, pavers, stamped walkways, etc) at the site.\n * Using the appropriate marker type for site and weather conditions (flags, paint, whiskers, offsets, etc.)\n * Respond to any other ticket notices (no response, request for call, request for field meet) promptly\n\nEnsure your information is always up to date with USA North 811. That means:\n\n * Maintain detailed maps and records of your underground facilities\n * Reviewing and updating (if needed) your service area registration on a regular basis to ensure you are receiving all of the notifications you should be\n * Reviewing and updating (if needed) the contacts and their information listed on your membership account on a regular basis to ensure contractors, homeowners, and USA North 811 knows who to get in touch with when there is a question or issue\n * Notify USA North 811 of any billing department changes that would impact your bill getting to the correct staff member or payment being sent on time\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links:\n\nCA Members\n\nNV Members\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## California Members\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Nevada Members\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Where Do I Begin?\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Ticket Research - Member\n\nThis is the Ticket Research order form for Members of USA North 811 (utility\noperators that have registered buried facilities in our system). The ticket\nresearch will cover a 28 calendar day active period of the ticket, and one (1)\nticket if found. Additional fees apply if the search is requested outside of\nthe standard research window, or if multiple tickets are found. Your ticket\nresearch will be processed as promptly as possible. Payment required before\nresults are sent - $31 via online payment for the first 30 minutes of research\ntime. If the research takes longer than 30 minutes, an additional charge of $9\nfor every 15 minutes will be added to the fee amount.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! It’s Fast, It’s Free and\nit’s Easy!\n\nGet started with 811 Express\n\n### E-Ticket Program\n\nThis platform allows users to create all location types once they have\ncompleted our online training.\n\nClick here to join the E-Ticket Program today.\n\nLogin to the E-Ticket Program E-Ticket Login Recovery\n\n## Frequently Asked Questions\n\nWhat is a ticket?\n\nA \"ticket\" is the industry-wide term that refers to the document you submit\nthrough USA North 811, which request the utility members to mark or locate\ntheir facilities at your worksite. After submitting your ticket (online or\nover the phone), you will receive a ticket number that is the reference number\nfor your individual request. Your ticket number will begin with either a “W”\nor an “X” and will be followed by 9 numbers. Make sure to keep the ticket\nnumber assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation\nand preferably longer for your records.\n\nI’m not digging very deep; should I submit a ticket?\n\nYes. You should contact 811 no matter how deep you are digging since many\ncables and pipes lie at extremely shallow depths. If you’re ready to submit a\nticket, please click here.\n\nHow do I know which utilities were notified of my request?\n\nAt the bottom of your ticket is a list of the utility members we notified for\nyou. If you listed an email address on your request, you should receive a copy\nof your ticket via email. You can also look up and print a copy of your ticket\nhere\n\nWhat are my responsibilities when requesting an area to be check for lines?\n\n * Provide correct address/site location information and correct locating instructions.\n * Provide valid contact information and respond to questions from utility personnel.\n * Make sure the address is clearly posted at the site.\n * Provide open access to the property (gates unlocked, animals contained, etc.).\n * Write down and follow the dates and times when your request becomes legally active, when it expires, and when it must be updated.\n * Keep the ticket number assigned to your request for at least the duration of the excavation and preferably longer for your records. The number is proof of your request through USA North 811 and allows us to quickly find your request.\n\nI submitted my 811 request, when can I start digging?\n\nYou can begin your excavation once if the following conditions have been met:\n\nIt is beyond the start time listed on the ticket or the legal notice (two\nworking days’ notice not including the day of notification), whichever is\nlater, has passed and all notified utility members have positively responded\nto your request.\n\nIf the start date and time for your ticket has passed, and one or more of our\nutility members has yet to respond to your request, please refrain from\ndigging and contact 811 as soon as possible by dialing 8-1-1 so that we may\nnotify the utility member(s) in question regarding their no response. You are\nnot clear to dig until you receive a response from all utility members on your\nticket. If you need a copy of your ticket to verify which utility members were\nnotified, please click here.\n\nWho marks the utility lines?\n\nEach utility member is responsible to locate their own facilities. Some\nutility members utilize in house locators, while others hire 3^rdparty\nlocators to mark for them. USA North 811 is not a locating service.\n\nDo I need to pre-mark my dig site?\n\nYes. Show the utility members exactly where you plan to dig by pre-marking\nyour dig site with white paint. If you don’t have white paint available, you\ncan also use white stakes, white flags, white whiskers, white chalk and even\nwhite baking flour. If you neglect to pre-mark your dig site, the utility\nmembers may choose not to locate their facilities. For further information\nregarding pre-marking or delineating your dig site, please watch our “How to\nPremark” instructional video\".\n\nWhich lines are going to be marked at my site?\n\nThe utility members notified on your ticket are responsible to mark or locate\nthe facilities they own and operate at your dig site. Private utility lines\n(landscape irrigation and lighting, natural gas line to a barbeque, electrical\nline to a detached garage or shed, etc) will not be marked since they are not\nowned by a utility.\n\nI’ve damaged an underground utility line, what do I do?\n\nIf the damaged utility line poses a threat to life, health, or public safety,\nevacuate the worksite (300’ or more upwind from damage) and contact 911 to\ndispatch emergency services. If you discover or cause any damage (breaks,\nleaks, nicks, dents, gouges, grooves, or other damage to subsurface\ninstallation lines, conduits, coatings, or cathodic protection) you must\nimmediately report it to the affected utility member. You can get the\nemergency contact information for the damaged utility owner by contacting 811\nand notify them that you have damaged a facility at your worksite. Never\nattempt to fix, repair, pinch, squeeze, zip tie, or bury the damaged facility.\n\nThere are utility markings in the area where I planned to dig, how do I\nproceed?\n\nWhen digging in an area around utility lines, it is critical that you follow\nthe tolerance zone guidelines. The tolerance zone is an area 24” on either\nside of the outside diameter (or center line if diameter isn’t provided) of\nthe marked utility line. In the tolerance zone, you are required to excavate\nusing only human powered hand tools. For more information about the tolerance\nzone and hand digging requirements, please click here for California & Nevada\nrequirements .\n\nAre you owned or operated by a utility company? Are you a state agency? Who\nfunds your operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is a 501(c)(6) non-profit organization funded by over 1,500\nutility owners and governed by 34 board members elected from the membership.\nWe are not directly owned or operated by any utility company and are not an\nagency of the state of California or Nevada.\n\nWhat does it cost to submit an 811 request?\n\nSubmitting a utility locate request to USA North 811 for your planned dig\nproject is free of charge. The utility members bear the burden of funding the\ncenter and the cost of locating the utilities in an effort to provide the\npublic a free service that will prevent or limit damage to underground\nutilities.\n\nI see spray paint markings at my property, how can I find out who is doing\nwork?\n\nHave you recently hired a contractor to do work at your property (fence\nproject, new pool, landscaping, utility repair, etc)? If so, the markings are\nmost likely due to the contractor submitting an 811 request for your property\nfor that project. Markings at your site might also be due to work that is\nbeing done by one of your neighbors if that work is taking place near your\nshared property line. If you haven’t hired anyone to work at your property,\nand you have verified with your neighbor that they haven’t as well, please\nemail our Operations Team (centeroperations@usanorth811.org) so they can look\nand see if there are any open tickets for your address.\n\nWho is responsible to clean up or remove the paint markings after a job is\ncomplete?\n\nWe recommend that the excavator or person/company requesting the marks to\nremove the markings when the work is complete. It is the excavator’s\nresponsibility to protect the markings during the excavation, and because they\nare the only ones who know when a job is done and are also the party that\nrequested the markings, it is recommended that they be the ones who remove the\nmarkings when the job is complete.\n\nCan I submit my 811 request online?\n\nDue to high call volumes and increased excavation activity, our 811 phone\nlines can at times become backlogged with callers waiting to submit their\nrequest. Because of this, we always advise our customers to submit their\nrequests online instead. If you are working at an address, you can submit your\nticket online quickly and easily at www.811express.com. If you are working at\nany other type of location other than an address, you can sign up for our\nE-Ticket program that will allow you to submit any type of location online.\nFor information on signing up for E-Tickets, please click here.\n\nI lost my ticket number, where can I look it up?\n\nIf you provided us with your email address when you submitted your ticket you\nwould have received a copy of your ticket. Check your email inbox and see if\nyou can find the email copy we sent you. If you cannot track down the email\ncopy, you can look up your ticket using our ticket search program:\nhttp://newtin.usan.org/newtinweb/gen_min_ts.html . If you still cannot find\nyour ticket, please call 811 and advise the customer service representative\nthat you need help looking up your ticket number.\n\nHow will I know if all of the utility members on my ticket have responded to\nmy request?\n\nThe utility members listed on your ticket can respond in a number of different\nways, including marking the location of their underground facilities at your\nsite, contacting you via email or phone to advise you that your site is clear\nfrom any conflict with their underground facilities, or by providing you\ninformation about the location of their underground facilities such as maps or\nas-built plans. You can also check our Positive Response page using your\nticket number and the utility members who use the program will record a\nresponse to your ticket here as well: http://usanorth811.herokuapp.c.... You\nare required by law to get a response from all utility members on your ticket\nbefore you can begin your work.\n\nWhat do the colors mean?\n\nThe utility members will use the American Public Works Association (APWA:\nhttps://www3.apwa.net/content/library/colorcc.pdf ) color code system to mark\ntheir underground facilities for you. The color code is:\n\nWhite: Proposed Excavation\n\nPink: Temporary Survey Markings\n\nRed: Electric Power Lines, Cables, Conduit and Lighting Cables\n\nYellow: Gas, Oil, Steam, Petroleum or Gaseous Materials\n\nOrange: Communication, Alarm or Signal Lines, Cables or Conduits\n\nBlue: Potable Water\n\nPurple: Reclaimed Water, Irrigation and Slurry Lines\n\nGreen: Sewers and Drain Lines\n\nWhat counties does USA North 811 cover?\n\nIn California, we serve the following counties:\n\nAlameda, Alpine, Amador, Butte, Calaveras, Colusa, Contra Costa, Del Norte, El\nDorado, Fresno, Glenn, Humboldt, Kern, Kings, Lake, Lassen, Madera, Marin,\nMariposa, Mendocino, Merced, Modoc, Mono, Monterey, Napa, Nevada, Placer,\nPlumas, Sacramento, San Benito, San Francisco, San Joaquin, San Luis Obispo,\nSan Mateo, Santa Clara, Santa Cruz, Shasta, Sierra, Siskiyou, Solano, Sonoma,\nStanislaus, Sutter, Tehama, Trinity, Tulare, Tuolumne, Yolo, Yuba\n\nIf you are working in Imperial, Inyo, Los Angeles, Orange, Riverside, San\nBernardino, San Diego, Santa Barbara, or Ventura please contact Dig Alert to\nsubmit your request.\n\nIn Nevada, we serve the following counties:\n\nCarson, Churchill, Clark, Douglas, Elko, Esmeralda, Eureka, Humboldt, Lander,\nLincoln, Lyon, Mineral, Nye, Pershing, Storey, Washoe, White Pine\n\nWhat are your hours of operation?\n\nUSA North 811 is now open 24x7 to take your locate requests. During overnight\nand weekend hours however we have limited staffing available, so we ask that\nyou please submit your tickets online during these hours via our E-Ticket or\n811 Express platform unless it is an emergency or priority situation.\n\nWhat information do I need to describe my work location?\n\nThe information you will need to have prior to submitting your ticket include:\n\n * Your contact information (including email and phone number)\n * The name and contact information of the person doing the work or site contact if other than you\n * The starting date and time the work will begin (keep in mind you are required to give a minimum of two working days’ notice, not including the day of your notification to us, prior to the start of the planned excavation)\n * Pre-mark/delineation type (did you Pre-mark your site in White, or another method/color?)\n * The type of work you are doing or what you are digging for specifically\n * The location of where the work is being done, including the county and city it is in, the address (if applicable) or location of the planned dig, and the specific details of where the work is being performed at the site (front of address, NW corner of intersection, east side of building, etc.)\n * The GPS coordinates of the digging location in NAD 83 decimal degrees format (not required, but helpful if available)\n\nWhere can I find more information about any state or local requirements I must\nmeet during my digging project?\n\nTo view the California excavation law, please click here: CA Law Website\n\nTo view the Nevada excavation law, please click here: NV Law Website - Nevada\nRevised Statutes & Nevada Administrative Code\n\nFor any local requirements, please consult the building or permitting office\nin the city/county in which the work is being done in.\n\nHow long is my 811 request good for?\n\nYour ticket is good for 28 calendar days from the date of your ticket\nsubmission. On the ticket it will note the exact expiration date of your\nrequest. If you are approaching the expiration date on your ticket and you\nhave determined that work is going to continue past that expiration date, you\ncan request an extension of your ticket. Please note the “update by” date on\nyour ticket.\n\nHow deep are the utility lines buried?\n\nThe depth of utilities varies by location and by type of utility. An\nunderground pipe or cable may no longer be at the same depth as when it was\noriginally buried if grading, leveling, erosion or other nearby surface\nactivity has taken place. For that reason, state law does not require utility\nowners to indicate the depth of their underground facilities.\n\nWhich utilities are members of USA North 811?\n\nTo view a list of the underground utilities that are a member of USA North\n811, please click the following links:\n\nCA Members\n\nNV Members\n\nI’ve been working at my site and now the markings are no longer visible; how\ncan I have the utility members re-mark my site?\n\nIf markings are no longer visible, immediately stop work in the area and\nrequest re-markings at the site. To request re-marks, contact 811 and make\nsure you have your ticket number handy. When the operator answers let them\nknow you need remarks at your site. Please make sure to note which utilities\nyou need remarks from, and also if it is the entire area or only a specific\narea of the job where you need the remarks. If you submitted your ticket\nonline through our E-Ticket platform, you can submit this request online\nthrough your account. If you need assistance with submitting this through your\nE-Ticket account, please contact our Online Services department at\nweboperations@usanorth811.org.\n\nI’m hiring a contractor to do work at my property, who needs to contact 811\nand submit the utility locate request?\n\nEach person or company performing an excavation needs to have a ticket created\nunder their name. If you are hiring a contractor to perform work on your\nproperty, the contractor needs to contact 811 and submit a request for\nthem/their company. You may also submit a ticket under your name, but your\ncontractor needs to be advised that the ticket you submit only covers any work\nyou do yourself, and not the work they are doing.\n\nWhat should I do if I haven’t gotten a response from all of the utility\nmembers listed on my ticket?\n\nIf the start time on your ticket has passed (must be beyond the legal notice)\nand you have not received a response from one or more utility members listed\non your ticket, state law requires you to contact 811 to report a “no\nresponse” situation.\n\n## Get A Ticket\n\n### 811 Express\n\nIf your work is taking place at an address, this is the fastest way to notify\nour utility members to mark their facilities. 811 Express does not require\ntraining and can be completed in 3 minutes or less! 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},
{
"original_url": "https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20190614202654/https://www.popularmechanics.com/home/how-to-plans/how-to/g103/how-to-build-a-firewood-shed/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Build a Firewood Shed",
"passages": [
"For me, heating with firewood is more about feeling self-sufficient than it is about lowering my utility bills. I also like cutting and splitting logs. It's good exercise and the source of my wife's wry nickname for me, the Saturday Lumberjack. But storing and keeping the wood dry is a hassle. Tarps can trap moisture, promote rot, and be difficult to remove after a snowfall. And stacking the wood inside is a poor choice, unless you enjoy the company of insects and mice.",
"The solution is a simple shed. I designed the one you see above, which involves basic post-and-beam carpentry, to create an attractive storage unit for more than a cord. It keeps the wood from getting soggy and leaves the critters out in the cold, just where the Saturday Lumberjack likes them to be.",
"Crosscut the cedar slats and side supports to the lengths shown in the plans. Of the two supports on each side, the top one is shorter than the bottom one. This provides clearance to affix the beam.",
"Next, notch the posts to receive the beam. Using a circular saw, make a shoulder cut and a series of cuts parallel to the shoulder, then remove the scored wood with a wide chisel. Smooth the notch's face with a rasp.",
"To assemble the walls, place the cross supports on a flat surface, bore pilot holes, and attach the cross supports to the posts.",
"It's important to accurately place the footings, or piers—it makes the build quicker and easier by preventing constant remeasuring and adjustment. We set the four corner piers in rough position and brought them into alignment with a string line. Then we used a tape measure to check the diagonals of this rectangle and to position the fifth and sixth piers relative to the perimeter.",
"Using a string level, we adjusted the height of the piers. Next, we placed the plastic end caps on the bottom of the posts and raised each wall on its piers.",
"Measure the distance between the walls, then crosscut the long joists and bolt them to the posts. Do the same with the beams.",
"Measure the height from the center piers to their respective beams to determine the position of the shoulder cut on the center posts. Notch the two center posts, set them on their piers, plumb them, and bolt them into position.",
"Crosscut the remaining joists and fasten them, as noted in the diagram, with joist hangers, joist hanger nails, 16d common nails, or 31⁄2-inch deck screws. Crosscut the floor pieces and screw them to the long and short joists. Make yourself a small jig from scrap lumber to speed accurate spacing between each piece of flooring. Even better, make two. Place one at the front and another at the rear of each deck piece. Fasten the deck pieces with the jig in place. Lift the jigs out, position the next piece of decking, and repeat.",
"To begin, make a pattern rafter from the best 2 x 4 on hand. Mark the angled plumb cuts at the top and bottom of the rafter and the position of the bird's-mouth cuts (the notch where the rafter meets the beams). Clamp the rafter on top of the beams, check that the lines drawn are accurate, and adjust the lines as needed. Cut the rafters to length.",
"Place the rafter on sawhorses and clamp it firmly in place. Make the vertical cut with a circular saw, use a chisel to notch the horizontal cut where the rafter rests on the beam, then turn the rafter back upright and finish the shallow horizontal notch with a chisel.",
"Test-fit the pattern rafter and adjust its notches. When it fits accurately all along the beams, use it to mark and cut the remaining rafters. First, cut all the rafters to length. Then clamp together all the rafter stock, including the pattern rafter, edge up. Mark and cut all of the notches to match the pattern rafter. Use a chisel to finish each notch.",
"Mark the position of the rafters along the beams at 16-inch centers and carefully nail them in place. We even went so far as to set each nailhead to firmly pinch the rafter down against the beam. We nailed the front fascia in place and moved on to the skip sheathing for the roofing. Note that two pieces of sheathing are nailed on at the peak and at the base. The rest are spaced evenly between them.",
"After crosscutting the steel roof panels, we fastened them to the skip sheathing using self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket under the head. We drove the screws with an 18-volt drill and a socket wrench attachment, but we'd advise using a more sturdy nut driver because penetrating the roofing requires a fair amount of force. Finally, we screwed the diagonal braces to the posts.",
"A Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various affiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on editorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Build a Firewood Shed\n\nToday's Top Stories\n\n1\n\nWatch 40+ Marine Aircraft in an Elephant Walk\n\n2\n\nThe Best Tablets You Can Buy in 2019\n\n3\n\nThis Tiny Island Is the Epicenter of Green Tech\n\n4\n\nSmart Buyer’s Guide to Light Bulbs\n\n5\n\nBuying a Knock-Off Predator Drone Is a Bad Idea\n\n# How to Build a Firewood Shed\n\n##\n\nKeep your stack of firewood from getting damp by building this simple\nenclosure.\n\nBy George Retseck\n\nSep 21, 2012\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nDownload the plans in PDF here.\n\nFor me, heating with firewood is more about feeling self-sufficient than it is\nabout lowering my utility bills. I also like cutting and splitting logs. It's\ngood exercise and the source of my wife's wry nickname for me, the Saturday\nLumberjack. But storing and keeping the wood dry is a hassle. Tarps can trap\nmoisture, promote rot, and be difficult to remove after a snowfall. And\nstacking the wood inside is a poor choice, unless you enjoy the company of\ninsects and mice.\n\nThe solution is a simple shed. I designed the one you see above, which\ninvolves basic post-and-beam carpentry, to create an attractive storage unit\nfor more than a cord. It keeps the wood from getting soggy and leaves the\ncritters out in the cold, just where the Saturday Lumberjack likes them to be.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n1 Build the Side Panels\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nCrosscut the cedar slats and side supports to the lengths shown in the plans.\nOf the two supports on each side, the top one is shorter than the bottom one.\nThis provides clearance to affix the beam.\n\nNext, notch the posts to receive the beam. Using a circular saw, make a\nshoulder cut and a series of cuts parallel to the shoulder, then remove the\nscored wood with a wide chisel. Smooth the notch's face with a rasp.\n\n2 Build the Side Panels\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nTo assemble the walls, place the cross supports on a flat surface, bore pilot\nholes, and attach the cross supports to the posts.\n\n3 Build the Side Panels\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nThen place the slats in position, apply a glob of construction adhesive, and\nscrew the slats to the supports.\n\n4 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nIt's important to accurately place the footings, or piers—it makes the build\nquicker and easier by preventing constant remeasuring and adjustment. We set\nthe four corner piers in rough position and brought them into alignment with a\nstring line. Then we used a tape measure to check the diagonals of this\nrectangle and to position the fifth and sixth piers relative to the perimeter.\n\n5 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nUsing a string level, we adjusted the height of the piers. Next, we placed the\nplastic end caps on the bottom of the posts and raised each wall on its piers.\n\n6 Set the Footings and Raise the Walls\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nWe plumbed the walls and braced them diagonally to a stake driven into the\nground.\n\n7 Add Joists, Beams, and Posts\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nMeasure the distance between the walls, then crosscut the long joists and bolt\nthem to the posts. Do the same with the beams.\n\nMeasure the height from the center piers to their respective beams to\ndetermine the position of the shoulder cut on the center posts. Notch the two\ncenter posts, set them on their piers, plumb them, and bolt them into\nposition.\n\nCrosscut the remaining joists and fasten them, as noted in the diagram, with\njoist hangers, joist hanger nails, 16d common nails, or 31⁄2-inch deck screws.\nCrosscut the floor pieces and screw them to the long and short joists. Make\nyourself a small jig from scrap lumber to speed accurate spacing between each\npiece of flooring. Even better, make two. Place one at the front and another\nat the rear of each deck piece. Fasten the deck pieces with the jig in place.\nLift the jigs out, position the next piece of decking, and repeat.\n\n8 Add the Rafters\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nTo begin, make a pattern rafter from the best 2 x 4 on hand. Mark the angled\nplumb cuts at the top and bottom of the rafter and the position of the\nbird's-mouth cuts (the notch where the rafter meets the beams). Clamp the\nrafter on top of the beams, check that the lines drawn are accurate, and\nadjust the lines as needed. Cut the rafters to length.\n\nPlace the rafter on sawhorses and clamp it firmly in place. Make the vertical\ncut with a circular saw, use a chisel to notch the horizontal cut where the\nrafter rests on the beam, then turn the rafter back upright and finish the\nshallow horizontal notch with a chisel.\n\nTest-fit the pattern rafter and adjust its notches. When it fits accurately\nall along the beams, use it to mark and cut the remaining rafters. First, cut\nall the rafters to length. Then clamp together all the rafter stock, including\nthe pattern rafter, edge up. Mark and cut all of the notches to match the\npattern rafter. Use a chisel to finish each notch.\n\n9 Add the Rafters\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nMark the position of the rafters along the beams at 16-inch centers and\ncarefully nail them in place. We even went so far as to set each nailhead to\nfirmly pinch the rafter down against the beam. We nailed the front fascia in\nplace and moved on to the skip sheathing for the roofing. Note that two pieces\nof sheathing are nailed on at the peak and at the base. The rest are spaced\nevenly between them.\n\n10 Install the Roof and Add Firewood\n\nAaron Wojack\n\nAfter crosscutting the steel roof panels, we fastened them to the skip\nsheathing using self-tapping screws with a rubber gasket under the head. We\ndrove the screws with an 18-volt drill and a socket wrench attachment, but\nwe'd advise using a more sturdy nut driver because penetrating the roofing\nrequires a fair amount of force. Finally, we screwed the diagonal braces to\nthe posts.\n\nThe last part was the most fun—stacking a nice, neat pile of freshly split\nfirewood in our new shed.\n\nDownload the plans in PDF here.\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\nMore From Projects and Plans\n\nHow To Build Cornhole Boards for Memorial Day\n\nThe Importance of Overly Ambitious Projects\n\nAdvertisement - Continue Reading Below\n\n25 Ingenious Ways to Repurpose Old Junk\n\nHow to Build a Treehouse\n\n5 Big Woodworking Mistakes (And How To Avoid Them)\n\n5 DIY Projects You Can Tackle This Weekend\n\n7 Ways to Recycle Your Christmas Tree\n\nHow to Remove Sticker Residue\n\nMake Your Holiday Safe and Happy for Your Pets\n\nMake this DIY Halloween Monster With Your Kids\n\n * Projects and Plans\n * Home\n * The Super Sheds That Put Those Ready-Made Shacks to Shame\n * 10 Insanely Green Sheds (With Pictures)\n * Build Your Own Garden Shed From PM Plans\n * How to Start Woodworking in a Basement or Apartment\n * How to Build a Backyard Pergola: Simple DIY Woodworking Project\n * Reader Projects: Sheds\n * The Ultimate DIY Projects Guide\n * pinstructions\n * step-by-step\n * sheds how-to\n * diy\n * woodworking\n * home how-to\n * firewood\n * sheds\n\n * Newsletter\n * Digital Editions\n * About Us\n * Media Kit\n * Press Room\n * Contact Us\n * Community Guidelines\n * Advertise Online\n * Customer Service\n * Subscribe\n * Other Hearst Subscriptions\n * Give a Gift\n * Events & Promotions\n * Giveaways\n * Being Green\n * BestProducts\n\nA Part of Hearst Digital Media Popular Mechanics participates in various\naffiliate marketing programs, which means we may get paid commissions on\neditorially chosen products purchased through our links to retailer sites.\n\n©2019 Hearst Magazine Media, Inc. All Rights Reserved.\n\n * Privacy Notice\n * Your California Privacy Rights\n * Interest-Based Ads\n * Terms of Use\n * Site Map\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210305184247/https://zacsgarden.com/how-to-build-a-shed/shed-accessories/options-for-shed-floor/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor",
"passages": [
"All kidding aside, all of your time in your shed is spent on your shed floor. So it's important that it's solid, dependable and also comfortable.",
"Because of that we are going to take a good look at the many different problems that can happen with your shed floor. We are also going to cover a few great ways to fix up your garden shed floor.",
"There are many things to consider when building a shed floor, most of which concern your overall comfort while working in your shed.",
"However, no matter what you plan to use your garden shed for, it needs to have a solid floor that is in good condition, suited to the intended use and comfortable to work on.",
"No one likes to work with cold feet. When your shed floor is nothing more than a concrete slab, this is a very common problem.",
"The same can be said of a wood floor with a crawl space underneath it. When you have to work in this type of environment, chances are good you won’t spend much time in your shed.",
"On top of this, if your floor is cold, it’s a sure bet the rest of your shed will be as well.",
"You built your shed as a place to work on projects that often take hours of your time. The last thing you need is a hard floor that makes your feet feel tired.",
"Concrete might provide a great foundation for your shed, but no one wants to stand for long periods of time on a bare concrete slab. All you have to do is look where the cashiers stand in most stores to see this, even store owners add a mat for their employees to stand on.",
"Remember the last time it rained, you stepped inside your shed and almost fell on your backside when your feet slipped out from under you?",
"If you live in an area where it rains a lot or for that matter even if it only rains a little, the last thing you need is a slippery garden shed floor.",
"Painted floors tend to be the worst for this type of problem. Many floor paints, whether the floor is made of wood or concrete, become very slippery when wet. This can make your shed a very dangerous place to hang out when it's wet outside.",
"So the floor in your shed is just as old as the foundation. Over time it has been subjected to hours of people walking on it, chemicals being spilled, and tools being dropped.",
"Your shed floor has been soaked by rain when someone left the door open, you name it and it has probably happened to the floor.",
"Now it has nicks, dings, splinters (if it is made of wood), and is essentially worn out. Not to mention that thanks to numerous stains and ground in dirt, it simply looks terrible.",
"No one wants to work in a shed with this kind of floor, close the door and go back inside the house.",
"When you set a ball on your shed floor does the ball stay still or roll into a corner? If it rolls away all on its own, your shed floor is definitely not level.",
"Doesn’t seem such a big deal? Wait until you are trying to work with a can of paint that overflows on one side or your tools roll away every time you put them down.",
"What about that big toolbox that won’t quite stay up against the wall because it wants to roll to the other side of your shed. No matter what a shed floor that is not level can cause a lot of problems.",
"There are a number of different ways to deal with these problems with your garden shed floor. Most are pretty simple and relatively inexpensive.",
"The most important thing to keep in mind, no matter what the problem is with your shed floor, is that if the floor is uncomfortable or unappealing, you aren’t going to spend much time in your private getaway.",
"Concrete is a very hard substance and is a great way to create both a foundation and a floor for you garden shed. But it stains easily and over time can begin to look ugly.",
"One of the best ways to seal your concrete shed floor, spruce it up, and make it look amazing is to use an epoxy coating. This is a type of paint, often available in a wide range of colors, that dries to a shiny rock hard finish.",
"First, you scrub the floor and prep it, then apply the epoxy coating with a roller and leave it to dry. This can take a couple of days, but it is well worth it.",
"The only problem with many epoxy coatings is that they can be very slippery when wet. Be sure to buy the non-slip additive and mix it into the coating before you apply it.",
"Concrete paint is really not much more than paint that is designed to adhere to concrete rather than being used for walls or ceilings. It is available in a wide range of colors and in matt or gloss finishes.",
"While it is far more durable than say wall paint, in time it will chip and flake. In fact, this type of paint chips relatively easily if you drop tools on it.",
"Also, worth noting is that most concrete paints require a surface that has been thoroughly cleaned of all greases and residues, something that can be hard to do if your shed floor is old and nasty.",
"Cement sheet flooring has a lot to offer. First, these sheets can be used over virtually any type of flooring from concrete slabs to timber frames and wood floors.",
"Cement sheets are moisture proof, durable, and offer a high level of stability. Cement is also impermeable to termites, ants, rot, and meets with most standards for fire resistance.",
"However, you will need a special tool to cut the sheets to fit in your shed and need to wear appropriate safety gear when working with it. Cement sheets are also quite heavy and can be expensive.",
"Timber over the top makes a great floor covering not only is it a lot softer and warmer for your feet, but it is relatively easy to cut and lay in place.",
"You get to choose how thick the timbers are, what type of wood they are made from, and how you finish them. Timber can be quite strong depending on your choice of woods.",
"However, timber can be subject to rot, stains, and in time warpage or damage that makes it less than ideal as a flooring choice.",
"New timber flooring can be used to create a floor in just about any type of shed. It creates a floor that gives when you walk or stand on it, making it much easier on your feet.",
"Wood does not transmit cold in the same manner as concrete helping your garden shed to stay warmer in the winter. Once again wood is subject to rot, termites, ants, mice, rats, and damage by several other pests. You will need to keep it sealed well or your timber will stain and become embedded with grease and oil unless you keep it clean.",
"New plywood is often used as the subflooring or underlayment in new home and shed construction. It is relatively strong and durable depending on the thickness and quality you purchase.",
"Plywood is easily damaged by water and other chemicals. You can seal and paint it for added protection, but even so, your floor will only have a limited lifespan. Your best bet is to use new plywood as a subfloor and then to cover it with timbers, tiles, carpet, or cement sheets.",
"No matter what type of floor you have in your garden shed, your feet are likely to get sore and cold if you plan to work in your shed for any length of time.",
"Take a good look around and find the most common areas where you stand while working on your projects. These are the perfect spots for pieces of old carpets.",
"Carpet is warm and soft, but it does get dirty and stained easily. Be prepared to swap it out on a frequent basis.",
"Rubber mats have been used in stores and industry as a way to relieve the strain on feet and joints often caused by long hours standing. While a wood floor may be a little softer or carpets add padding, nothing beats a good thick rubber mat.",
"Rubber has the added advantage of being easy to clean as well as long term durability. Good quality rubber mats can be a little on the spendy side, so be prepared to shell out some serious cash if you want good quality mats.",
"When your concrete slab has nicks, ding, divots, and rough spots in it, life can get pretty interesting. Your garden shed floor suddenly becomes an obstacle course as you try to move tool boxes around or try to clean up any spills and messes.",
"You can literally create a new floor surface by using a self-leveling compound. Simply coat the entire floor and let it sit, the compound will flow into all the nooks and crannies leaving behind a nice smooth surface. Keep in mind it could take 24 hours or longer for the compound to completely dry.",
"Checkerplate or diamond plate is a stainless steel or aluminum flooring that can be used to cover a wide range of floors. It is impervious to most chemicals, water, rot, and pests.",
"You will need to have it pre-cut to fit your shed or have special tools to cut it. It is the ideal garden shed floor for a shed where you will be performing mechanical work or storing very heavy items.",
"The biggest drawback to this type of flooring is that it can become slippery when wet, despite the raised patterns. On top of this, checkerplate is very expensive.",
"Most people don't think of flooring when they hear the word sandpaper. However, you can buy rolls of sandpaper in a range of widths and grits. All you have to do is unroll the sandpaper, peel off the backing, and stick it to a clean surface.",
"You will have a non-slip surface even when it is wet or oily. However, if you get the sandpaper too wet, it will fall apart. Along with this, over time the grit will wear down and the sandpaper will need to be replaced.",
"You should also base your final choice when building a shed floor in part on where you live. To do this you need to answer a few basic questions such as is the humidity level high, does it rain a lot, are winters very cold, do you have termites, ants, rats, or mice? All of these problems will significantly affect your final choice.",
"There is nothing worse than a shed floor that is stained, ugly, uneven, or damaged. If this is what you have to deal with, it's no wonder you don't spend much time out in your shed.",
"Take a good look at the current condition of your garden shed floor and then choose a floor covering or new floor to suit your needs."
]
},
"parsed_md": "11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\n\n * Home →\n\n * How to Build a Shed →\n\n * The Definitive Guide to Shed Accessories →\n\n * 11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\n\n0\n\n# 11 Options to Upgrade (or Fix) Your Shed Floor\n\n#### Quick Navigation\n\nQuick Navigation\n\nCommon problems with Garden Shed Floors\n\n1\\. Too Cool\n\n2\\. Too Hard\n\n3\\. Slippery\n\n4\\. Old and Worn Out\n\n5\\. Not Level\n\nSolutions to Shed Floor Problems\n\n1\\. Epoxy Coating\n\n2\\. Concrete Paint\n\n3\\. Cement Sheet\n\n4\\. Timber Over the Top\n\n5\\. New Timber Flooring\n\n6\\. New Plywood Flooring Sheets\n\n7\\. Old Carpet\n\n8\\. Rubber Mat\n\n9\\. Concrete Resurfacing / Self - Levelling Compound\n\n10\\. Checkerplate or Diamond Plate\n\n11\\. Sandpaper\n\nImportant points on making your choice\n\nIn Summary...\n\nLooking for Shed Foundations? The review of the 6 most popular foundations\nused for sheds is here\n\nWHEN YOU WALK UP THE RAMP and open the door, what do you see when you look\ndown?\n\nDo you see a nice smooth shed floor that literally invites you in?\n\nDo you see a dirty, dingy mess that drives you back outside?\n\nAll kidding aside, all of your time in your shed is spent on your shed floor.\nSo it's important that it's solid, dependable and also comfortable.\n\nBecause of that we are going to take a good look at the many different\nproblems that can happen with your shed floor. We are also going to cover a\nfew great ways to fix up your garden shed floor.\n\n## Common problems with Garden Shed Floors\n\nThere are many things to consider when building a shed floor, most of which\nconcern your overall comfort while working in your shed.\n\nHowever, no matter what you plan to use your garden shed for, it needs to have\na solid floor that is in good condition, suited to the intended use and\ncomfortable to work on.\n\n### 1\\. Too Cool\n\nNo one likes to work with cold feet. When your shed floor is nothing more than\na concrete slab, this is a very common problem.\n\nThe same can be said of a wood floor with a crawl space underneath it. When\nyou have to work in this type of environment, chances are good you won’t spend\nmuch time in your shed.\n\nOn top of this, if your floor is cold, it’s a sure bet the rest of your shed\nwill be as well.\n\n### 2\\. Too Hard\n\nYou built your shed as a place to work on projects that often take hours of\nyour time. The last thing you need is a hard floor that makes your feet feel\ntired.\n\nConcrete might provide a great foundation for your shed, but no one wants to\nstand for long periods of time on a bare concrete slab. All you have to do is\nlook where the cashiers stand in most stores to see this, even store owners\nadd a mat for their employees to stand on.\n\n### 3\\. Slippery\n\nRemember the last time it rained, you stepped inside your shed and almost fell\non your backside when your feet slipped out from under you?\n\nIf you live in an area where it rains a lot or for that matter even if it only\nrains a little, the last thing you need is a slippery garden shed floor.\n\nPainted floors tend to be the worst for this type of problem. Many floor\npaints, whether the floor is made of wood or concrete, become very slippery\nwhen wet. This can make your shed a very dangerous place to hang out when it's\nwet outside.\n\n### 4\\. Old and Worn Out\n\nSo the floor in your shed is just as old as the foundation. Over time it has\nbeen subjected to hours of people walking on it, chemicals being spilled, and\ntools being dropped.\n\nYour shed floor has been soaked by rain when someone left the door open, you\nname it and it has probably happened to the floor.\n\nNow it has nicks, dings, splinters (if it is made of wood), and is essentially\nworn out. Not to mention that thanks to numerous stains and ground in dirt, it\nsimply looks terrible.\n\nNo one wants to work in a shed with this kind of floor, close the door and go\nback inside the house.\n\n### 5\\. Not Level\n\nWhen you set a ball on your shed floor does the ball stay still or roll into a\ncorner? If it rolls away all on its own, your shed floor is definitely not\nlevel.\n\nDoesn’t seem such a big deal? Wait until you are trying to work with a can of\npaint that overflows on one side or your tools roll away every time you put\nthem down.\n\nWhat about that big toolbox that won’t quite stay up against the wall because\nit wants to roll to the other side of your shed. No matter what a shed floor\nthat is not level can cause a lot of problems.\n\n## Solutions to Shed Floor Problems\n\nThere are a number of different ways to deal with these problems with your\ngarden shed floor. Most are pretty simple and relatively inexpensive.\n\nThe most important thing to keep in mind, no matter what the problem is with\nyour shed floor, is that if the floor is uncomfortable or unappealing, you\naren’t going to spend much time in your private getaway.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 1\\. Epoxy Coating\n\n#### \\- A Rock Hard Two-Part Floor Coating\n\nConcrete is a very hard substance and is a great way to create both a\nfoundation and a floor for you garden shed. But it stains easily and over time\ncan begin to look ugly.\n\nOne of the best ways to seal your concrete shed floor, spruce it up, and make\nit look amazing is to use an epoxy coating. This is a type of paint, often\navailable in a wide range of colors, that dries to a shiny rock hard finish.\n\nFirst, you scrub the floor and prep it, then apply the epoxy coating with a\nroller and leave it to dry. This can take a couple of days, but it is well\nworth it.\n\nThe only problem with many epoxy coatings is that they can be very slippery\nwhen wet. Be sure to buy the non-slip additive and mix it into the coating\nbefore you apply it.\n\nImage Courtesy ofAmazon\n\n### 2\\. Concrete Paint\n\n#### \\- A Quick Easy Way to Spruce Up Your Shed Floor\n\nConcrete paint is really not much more than paint that is designed to adhere\nto concrete rather than being used for walls or ceilings. It is available in a\nwide range of colors and in matt or gloss finishes.\n\nWhile it is far more durable than say wall paint, in time it will chip and\nflake. In fact, this type of paint chips relatively easily if you drop tools\non it.\n\nAlso, worth noting is that most concrete paints require a surface that has\nbeen thoroughly cleaned of all greases and residues, something that can be\nhard to do if your shed floor is old and nasty.\n\nImage Courtesy of Framecad\n\n### 3\\. Cement Sheet\n\n#### \\- Great Solution for Many Types of Shed Floors\n\nCement sheet flooring has a lot to offer. First, these sheets can be used over\nvirtually any type of flooring from concrete slabs to timber frames and wood\nfloors.\n\nCement sheets are moisture proof, durable, and offer a high level of\nstability. Cement is also impermeable to termites, ants, rot, and meets with\nmost standards for fire resistance.\n\nHowever, you will need a special tool to cut the sheets to fit in your shed\nand need to wear appropriate safety gear when working with it. Cement sheets\nare also quite heavy and can be expensive.\n\nImage Courtesy of Softwoods\n\n### 4\\. Timber Over the Top\n\n#### \\- For Concrete Slabs, Pavers, Timber Frame and Kit Sheds\n\nTimber over the top makes a great floor covering not only is it a lot softer\nand warmer for your feet, but it is relatively easy to cut and lay in place.\n\nYou get to choose how thick the timbers are, what type of wood they are made\nfrom, and how you finish them. Timber can be quite strong depending on your\nchoice of woods.\n\nHowever, timber can be subject to rot, stains, and in time warpage or damage\nthat makes it less than ideal as a flooring choice.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 5\\. New Timber Flooring\n\n#### \\- Another Highly Viable Flooring Option\n\nNew timber flooring can be used to create a floor in just about any type of\nshed. It creates a floor that gives when you walk or stand on it, making it\nmuch easier on your feet.\n\nWood does not transmit cold in the same manner as concrete helping your garden\nshed to stay warmer in the winter. Once again wood is subject to rot,\ntermites, ants, mice, rats, and damage by several other pests. You will need\nto keep it sealed well or your timber will stain and become embedded with\ngrease and oil unless you keep it clean.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 6\\. New Plywood Flooring Sheets\n\n#### \\- Better Used as a Sub-Floor\n\nNew plywood is often used as the subflooring or underlayment in new home and\nshed construction. It is relatively strong and durable depending on the\nthickness and quality you purchase.\n\nPlywood is easily damaged by water and other chemicals. You can seal and paint\nit for added protection, but even so, your floor will only have a limited\nlifespan. Your best bet is to use new plywood as a subfloor and then to cover\nit with timbers, tiles, carpet, or cement sheets.\n\n### 7\\. Old Carpet\n\n#### \\- Great for Small Area Coverage\n\nNo matter what type of floor you have in your garden shed, your feet are\nlikely to get sore and cold if you plan to work in your shed for any length of\ntime.\n\nTake a good look around and find the most common areas where you stand while\nworking on your projects. These are the perfect spots for pieces of old\ncarpets.\n\nCarpet is warm and soft, but it does get dirty and stained easily. Be prepared\nto swap it out on a frequent basis.\n\nImage from Amazon\n\n### 8\\. Rubber Mat\n\n#### \\- Perfect for Tired Feet\n\nRubber mats have been used in stores and industry as a way to relieve the\nstrain on feet and joints often caused by long hours standing. While a wood\nfloor may be a little softer or carpets add padding, nothing beats a good\nthick rubber mat.\n\nRubber has the added advantage of being easy to clean as well as long term\ndurability. Good quality rubber mats can be a little on the spendy side, so be\nprepared to shell out some serious cash if you want good quality mats.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 9\\. Concrete Resurfacing / Self - Levelling Compound\n\n#### \\- Perfect for Concrete Slabs or Cement Sheet\n\nWhen your concrete slab has nicks, ding, divots, and rough spots in it, life\ncan get pretty interesting. Your garden shed floor suddenly becomes an\nobstacle course as you try to move tool boxes around or try to clean up any\nspills and messes.\n\nYou can literally create a new floor surface by using a self-leveling\ncompound. Simply coat the entire floor and let it sit, the compound will flow\ninto all the nooks and crannies leaving behind a nice smooth surface. Keep in\nmind it could take 24 hours or longer for the compound to completely dry.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 10\\. Checkerplate or Diamond Plate\n\n#### \\- For Concrete Slabs, Pavers, and Timber Frame Floors\n\nCheckerplate or diamond plate is a stainless steel or aluminum flooring that\ncan be used to cover a wide range of floors. It is impervious to most\nchemicals, water, rot, and pests.\n\nYou will need to have it pre-cut to fit your shed or have special tools to cut\nit. It is the ideal garden shed floor for a shed where you will be performing\nmechanical work or storing very heavy items.\n\nThe biggest drawback to this type of flooring is that it can become slippery\nwhen wet, despite the raised patterns. On top of this, checkerplate is very\nexpensive.\n\nImage Courtesy of Amazon\n\n### 11\\. Sandpaper\n\n#### \\- A Fast Non-Slip Multipurpose Floor Covering\n\nMost people don't think of flooring when they hear the word sandpaper.\nHowever, you can buy rolls of sandpaper in a range of widths and grits. All\nyou have to do is unroll the sandpaper, peel off the backing, and stick it to\na clean surface.\n\nYou will have a non-slip surface even when it is wet or oily. However, if you\nget the sandpaper too wet, it will fall apart. Along with this, over time the\ngrit will wear down and the sandpaper will need to be replaced.\n\n## Important points on making your choice\n\nYou should also base your final choice when building a shed floor in part on\nwhere you live. To do this you need to answer a few basic questions such as is\nthe humidity level high, does it rain a lot, are winters very cold, do you\nhave termites, ants, rats, or mice? All of these problems will significantly\naffect your final choice.\n\n## In Summary...\n\nThere is nothing worse than a shed floor that is stained, ugly, uneven, or\ndamaged. If this is what you have to deal with, it's no wonder you don't spend\nmuch time out in your shed.\n\nTake a good look at the current condition of your garden shed floor and then\nchoose a floor covering or new floor to suit your needs.\n\nIf you know of any other good types of garden shed flooring contact us via the\ncontact page.\n\nIf you like what you have just read, share it on Facebook, Pinterest, or\nTwitter.\n\nThanks for reading!\n\n0 shares\n\nShare0\n\nTweet0\n\nShare +10\n\nPin0\n\nShares\n\n * Shed\n * Chickens\n * Garden\n * Patio\n\n * Home\n * About Zac Spade of Zacs Garden\n * Privacy Policy\n * Thank You for Making This Happen\n * Contact Zac\n\nThis website uses cookies to help improve your experience. Details here.\n\n * Home\n * About Zac Spade of Zacs Garden\n * Privacy Policy\n * Thank You for Making This Happen\n * Contact Zac\n\nCopyright text 2021 by Zacs Garden. Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200407153438/https://www.familyhandyman.com/tools/how-to-use-a-speed-square/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Use a Speed Square",
"passages": [
"Speed squares aren't just for marking 90- and 45-degree angles when you're cutting 2x4s. You can use a speed square to find roof pitches, guide your circular saw and more—including marking any angle from 0 to 90 degrees.",
"Ever wonder why every contractor you see has a triangular square stuck in his tool belt? This dandy little tool is often called a speed square, and it can offer you the biggest bang for the buck in your toolbox. I picked up the one shown in the photos for $3 at a home center in 1999. This tool has dozens of uses; here are three of our favorites.",
"Place the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the fat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level. Read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.",
"Swing the rafter square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Shown being marked is a 33-1/2 degree angle.",
"Speed squares are a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic rafter squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along.",
"With a torpedo level and a speed square, you can pretty accurately gauge the pitch of any roof with a gable end (Photo 1). The pitch tells you the amount of vertical rise (in inches) for every 12 in. of run. To find the pitch, just place the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the fat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level, and read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.",
"You can use the speed square to mark an angle, such as when cutting a rafter tail, by holding the pivot point against the board. Swing the square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Photo 2 shows how to use the speed square to mark a 33-1/2 degree angle—the same, as you would need on a rafter tail for a roof with an 8/12 pitch.",
"Before miter saws, and even since, professional carpenters used speed squares as a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along. This method works better (and safer) when right- handed users have a circular saw with the motor to the right of the blade (like the one in Photo 3).",
"Here are some other quirky uses we’ve heard speed squares put to: nail set, boot scraper, shim, butter knife and digging tool. It’s a good thing they don’t cost much."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Use a Speed Square\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext Project\n\nSkip to main content\n\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\n\nHome Tools\n\n# How to Use a Speed Square\n\n## Get the most out of this handy little triangle\n\nNext Project›\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nSpeed squares aren't just for marking 90- and 45-degree angles when you're\ncutting 2x4s. You can use a speed square to find roof pitches, guide your\ncircular saw and more—including marking any angle from 0 to 90 degrees.\n\nBy the DIY experts of The Family Handyman Magazine\n\nYou might also like: TBD\n\n## What is a speed square?\n\nEver wonder why every contractor you see has a triangular square stuck in his\ntool belt? This dandy little tool is often called a speed square, and it can\noffer you the biggest bang for the buck in your toolbox. I picked up the one\nshown in the photos for $3 at a home center in 1999. This tool has dozens of\nuses; here are three of our favorites.\n\n## How to use your speed square\n\n### Photo 1: Finding roof pitch\n\nPlace the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the\nfat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level.\nRead the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\n\n### Photo 2: Marking angles\n\nSwing the rafter square until you read the desired angle on the board’s edge,\nand make your mark. Shown being marked is a 33-1/2 degree angle.\n\n### Photo 3: Guiding saw cuts\n\nSpeed squares are a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The\nplastic rafter squares are thicker than most metal ones, making them a good\nfence for the shoe of a circular saw to ride along.\n\nWith a torpedo level and a speed square, you can pretty accurately gauge the\npitch of any roof with a gable end (Photo 1). The pitch tells you the amount\nof vertical rise (in inches) for every 12 in. of run. To find the pitch, just\nplace the pivot point against the shingles. Then place a torpedo level on the\nfat base of the rafter square and adjust the square until the level is level,\nand read the pitch on the side of the rafter square.\n\nYou can use the speed square to mark an angle, such as when cutting a rafter\ntail, by holding the pivot point against the board. Swing the square until you\nread the desired angle on the board’s edge, and make your mark. Photo 2 shows\nhow to use the speed square to mark a 33-1/2 degree angle—the same, as you\nwould need on a rafter tail for a roof with an 8/12 pitch.\n\nBefore miter saws, and even since, professional carpenters used speed squares\nas a quick saw guide for cutting 45- and 90-degree angles. The plastic squares\nare thicker than most metal ones, making them a good fence for the shoe of a\ncircular saw to ride along. This method works better (and safer) when right-\nhanded users have a circular saw with the motor to the right of the blade\n(like the one in Photo 3).\n\nHere are some other quirky uses we’ve heard speed squares put to: nail set,\nboot scraper, shim, butter knife and digging tool. It’s a good thing they\ndon’t cost much.\n\n## Required Tools for this Project\n\nHave the necessary tools for this DIY project lined up before you start—you’ll\nsave time and frustration.\n\n * Circular saw\n * Speed square\n\nYou’ll also need a torpedo level.\n\n## Similar Projects\n\nImpact Drill: What It Is and When Do You Use it?\n\nDrill Press: What it is and When Do You Use it?\n\nWhat Is a Chop Saw?\n\nTop Cordless Drill Drivers for 2020\n\nTim Allen Wants to Reboot Home Improvement\n\nWalmart Releases HART, a New Line of Tools Made for DIYers\n\nThe Best New Things at Harbor Freight Right Now\n\n19 Classic Handy Tool Tips and Tricks\n\n20 Amazing Storage Products from Harbor Freight\n\n8 Clever Tool Hacks\n\nTips for Ripping Wood\n\nThis Is What You Should Spend Your Home Depot Gift Cards On This Year\n\nBest Snow Blowers for 2020\n\n10 New Hart Tools DIYers Should Buy at Walmart Immediately\n\n8 Tool Maintenance Tips You Need to Follow\n\n10 Best Snow Shovels on the Market\n\nWhat Is a Scroll Saw?\n\n10 Tools That Will Last You a Lifetime\n\n12 Amazing Hardware Storage Containers for Your Workshop\n\n30 Secret Tool Tips for DIYers\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n##### Read Next\n\nImpact Drill: What It Is and When Do You Use it?\n\nDrill Press: What it is and When Do You Use it?\n\nWhat Is a Chop Saw?\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nDo it right, do it yourself!\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * See All Appliance Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * See All Automotive\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * See All Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * See All Cleaning\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * See All Electrical\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * See All Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * See All Woodworking\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * See all Landscaping\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Storage & Organization\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Family Handyman Insider\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Project Plans\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210411004944/https://www.gsa.gov/node/81625",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "1.3 Codes and Standards",
"passages": [
"Secure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely connected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official, secure websites.",
"Federal Law. The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312 (formerly section 21 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959, 40 U.S.C. 619), require that each building constructed or altered by GSA or any other federal agency shall, to the maximum extent feasible, be in compliance with one of the nationally recognized model building codes and with other applicable nationally recognized codes.",
"Nationally Recognized Codes. For all design and construction work performed on federal buildings by GSA or those functions under GSA’s construction authority, GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the following nationally recognized codes referred to in this subsection. The technical requirements of these nationally recognized codes will supplement other GSA requirements mandated by Federal Laws and Executive Orders, as well as other GSA criteria noted within this document that has been established to meet our customers needs and their unique requirements. In addition, the latest edition of the nationally recognized codes, including the current accumulative supplements, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used throughout design and construction of that project.",
"Building Code. The International Code Council (ICC) is a consolidated organization that is comprised of what was formerly the Building Officials and Code Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), the International Conference of Building Officials (ICBO), and the Southern Building Code Congress International, Inc. (SBCCI). Based upon this consolidation and consistent with GSA’s established national policy, the GSA will utilize the technical requirements of the family of codes issued by ICC in lieu of the National Building Code (published by BOCA), the Uniform Building Code (published by ICBO), and the Standard Building Code (published by SBCCI).",
"The ICC family of codes includes, but is not limited to: International Building Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), International Plumbing Code (IPC), International Mechanical Code (IMC), and the International Energy Conservation Code (IECC). The ICC family of codes is available through www.iccsafe.org/ .",
"Furthermore, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has established its own family of national model codes and standards. Consistent with GSA's long-standing policy to comply with local codes and standards to the maximum extent practicable, NFPA codes may be used (to the maximum extent practicable) in jurisdictions where NFPA codes have been duly adopted by that locality.",
"Life Safety Code. GSA has adopted the technical egress requirements of the NFPA, Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), in lieu of the technical egress requirements of the IBC. NFPA 101 is available through www.nfpa.org/.",
"National Electric Code. GSA has adopted the technical electrical requirements of the NFPA, National Electric Code (NFPA 70), in lieu of the technical electrical requirements of the ICC Electrical Code. The National Electrical Code is available through www.nfpa.org/.",
"State and Local Codes. GSA recognizes that the national building codes are typically the foundation of state and local building codes. However, state and local codes also represent important regional interests and conditions. As such, state and local building codes shall also be followed to the maximum extent practicable.",
"Legally, however, buildings built on federal property are exempt from state and local building codes. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable.",
"National Standards. The latest edition of the nationally recognized standards herein, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used during design and construction.",
"Lease Construction. Lease construction is defined as new construction of a building for Government use in response to GSA’s formal solicitation for offers. The construction may be either on a pre-selected site assigned by GSA to the successful offeror or on the offeror’s site. Therefore, the building will be developed on private land and the building will be leased to GSA. In these cases, the applicable State and local government codes apply. The developer/owner (i.e., offeror) must also obtain the necessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government officials. The Facilities Standards do not apply to Lease Construction, it does, however, apply to Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase and is recommended for significant build-to-lease buildings. For requirements for Lease Construction see SFO specific program, i.e. seismic, environmental, fire safety, accessibility, etc.",
"Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase. In cases where GSA’s formal solicitation for offers has an option for GSA to purchase the building at a future date, the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes and requirements apply as well as the applicable state and local government codes. Should a conflict exist between applicable State and local government codes and the GSA requirements, the GSA requirements take precedence. However, GSA shall carefully consider each conflict based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. In addition, the developer/owner must also obtain the necessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government officials as well as from GSA.",
"Conflicts between Nationally Recognized Codes and GSA Requirements. To ensure flexibility, it is GSA policy to make maximum use of equivalency clauses in all nationally recognized codes. Should a conflict exist between GSA requirements and the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes, the GSA requirement shall prevail. All code conflicts shall be brought to the attention of the GSA project manager for resolution.",
"Code Requirements for Alterations. Generally, involved building systems need only be upgraded to correct deficiencies identified by GSA, unless the entire building is being renovated. All new work is required to meet the applicable nationally recognized codes adopted by GSA and interpreted by the specific GSA Region. If only a portion of the building is being renovated, the IBC shall be evaluated to determine if the entire building must be brought up to code compliance. Any questions or concerns should be discussed with the GSA project manager.",
"Zoning Laws. During the planning process and development of associated environmental documentation for new construction and renovation projects, GSA shall consider all requirements (other than procedural requirements) of zoning laws, design guidelines, and other similar laws of the state and/or local government. This includes, but is not limited to, laws relating to landscaping, open space, building setbacks, maximum height of the building, historic preservation, and aesthetic qualities of a building. The project design team is to fully address such laws and requirements in their planning and design documents. Any proposed deviations from such laws are to be documented, fully justified, and brought to the attention of the GSA project manager for resolution.",
"Local regulations must be followed without exception in the design of systems that have a direct impact on off-site terrain or utility systems (such as storm water run-off, erosion control, sanitary sewers and storm drains and water, gas, electrical power and communications, emergency vehicle access, and roads and bridges).",
"With respect to the number of parking spaces, the requirements stated in the building program take precedence over zoning ordinances in all cases. Although GSA may not be able to directly compensate for displaced parking (as a result of site acquisition), the project team should seek creative alternatives and partnerships to address parking concerns brought about by GSA’s development. Considerations may include shared parking facilities and strategies to encourage transit use.",
"State and Local Government Consultation, Review, and Inspections. The GSA project manager shall provide to the appropriate state and/or local government officials the opportunity to review the project for compatibility with local plans, zoning compliance, building code compliance, and construction inspections. This must occur early in project design so that the design can easily respond to appropriate recommendations. This includes, but is not limited to the review of drawings and specifications, any on-site inspections, issuing building permits, and making recommendations for compliance with local regulations and compatibility with local fire fighting practices. The GSA project manager shall also inform the state and local government officials that GSA and its contractors will not be required to pay any amount for any action taken by the State and/or local government officials to carry out their mission. However, GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation from state and/or local government officials.",
"Zoning and other considerations relating to urban design issues. The design team should offer local officials an opportunity to informally review and comment on the design concept, for compatibility with local plans, zoning, and design guidelines. Key design milestones, such as at initial concepts and around the project’s peer review sessions, offer logical timeframes for these reviews and can be especially helpful to the designers. If local officials choose to review the concept, the GSA project manager should establish a concise window in which comments can be accepted (e.g., no longer than 30 days), and this should be coordinated with the project design schedule. If local officials choose not to review the design concept, this should be noted in the project file.",
"Design review for code compliance. If the state and local government officials elect to review building designs for code compliance (i.e., final concepts, preliminary designs, and final working drawings), such design submissions will be officially forwarded to the appropriate local officials by the GSA project manager. Local officials will be provided 30 days for their review and comment in writing for each proposed design submission, with no time extensions. If comments are not received after the commenting period is over, the GSA project manager will proceed with project execution.",
"Construction Inspections. If the state and local government officials elect to perform code compliance construction inspections, the GSA project manager shall include special provisions in the A/E’s and each contractor’s contract to handle the additional requirement of coordinating their work with state and local government officials. Any findings resulting from such inspections by the state and local government officials shall be immediately communicated to the GSA project manager for consideration. It is to be clearly understood by all parties (e.g., state and local government officials, construction contractors, GSA, etc.) that the state and local government officials do not have the authority to reject, accept, or make changes to the work and is there only to assist GSA in achieving code compliance. State and local government recommendations. The GSA project manager should make an effort to incorporate state and local government recommendations when reasonable and when in the best interest of the government. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable. GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept or reject any recommendation. The GSA project manager shall maintain a record of all recommendations and comments from state and local government officials for the duration of the project."
]
},
"parsed_md": "1.3 Codes and Standards | GSA\n\nSkip to main content\n\nAn official website of the United States government\n\nHere’s how you know\n\nOfficial websites use .gov A .gov website belongs to an official government\norganization in the United States.\n\nSecure .gov websites use HTTPS A lock ( ) or https:// means you’ve safely\nconnected to the .gov website. Share sensitive information only on official,\nsecure websites.\n\nU.S. General Services Administration\n\n# 1.3 Codes and Standards\n\nFederal Law. The Public Buildings Amendments of 1988, 40 U.S.C. 3312 (formerly\nsection 21 of the Public Buildings Act of 1959, 40 U.S.C. 619), require that\neach building constructed or altered by GSA or any other federal agency shall,\nto the maximum extent feasible, be in compliance with one of the nationally\nrecognized model building codes and with other applicable nationally\nrecognized codes.\n\nNationally Recognized Codes. For all design and construction work performed on\nfederal buildings by GSA or those functions under GSA’s construction\nauthority, GSA has adopted the technical requirements of the following\nnationally recognized codes referred to in this subsection. The technical\nrequirements of these nationally recognized codes will supplement other GSA\nrequirements mandated by Federal Laws and Executive Orders, as well as other\nGSA criteria noted within this document that has been established to meet our\ncustomers needs and their unique requirements. In addition, the latest edition\nof the nationally recognized codes, including the current accumulative\nsupplements, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used\nthroughout design and construction of that project.\n\nBuilding Code. The International Code Council (ICC) is a consolidated\norganization that is comprised of what was formerly the Building Officials and\nCode Administrators International, Inc. (BOCA), the International Conference\nof Building Officials (ICBO), and the Southern Building Code Congress\nInternational, Inc. (SBCCI). Based upon this consolidation and consistent with\nGSA’s established national policy, the GSA will utilize the technical\nrequirements of the family of codes issued by ICC in lieu of the National\nBuilding Code (published by BOCA), the Uniform Building Code (published by\nICBO), and the Standard Building Code (published by SBCCI).\n\nThe ICC family of codes includes, but is not limited to: International\nBuilding Code (IBC), International Fire Code (IFC), International Plumbing\nCode (IPC), International Mechanical Code (IMC), and the International Energy\nConservation Code (IECC). The ICC family of codes is available through\nwww.iccsafe.org/ .\n\nFurthermore, the National Fire Protection Association (NFPA) has established\nits own family of national model codes and standards. Consistent with GSA's\nlong-standing policy to comply with local codes and standards to the maximum\nextent practicable, NFPA codes may be used (to the maximum extent practicable)\nin jurisdictions where NFPA codes have been duly adopted by that locality.\n\nLife Safety Code. GSA has adopted the technical egress requirements of the\nNFPA, Life Safety Code (NFPA 101), in lieu of the technical egress\nrequirements of the IBC. NFPA 101 is available through www.nfpa.org/.\n\nNational Electric Code. GSA has adopted the technical electrical requirements\nof the NFPA, National Electric Code (NFPA 70), in lieu of the technical\nelectrical requirements of the ICC Electrical Code. The National Electrical\nCode is available through www.nfpa.org/.\n\nState and Local Codes. GSA recognizes that the national building codes are\ntypically the foundation of state and local building codes. However, state and\nlocal codes also represent important regional interests and conditions. As\nsuch, state and local building codes shall also be followed to the maximum\nextent practicable.\n\nLegally, however, buildings built on federal property are exempt from state\nand local building codes. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply with\nstate and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable.\n\nNational Standards. The latest edition of the nationally recognized standards\nherein, in effect at the time of design contract award shall be used during\ndesign and construction.\n\nLease Construction. Lease construction is defined as new construction of a\nbuilding for Government use in response to GSA’s formal solicitation for\noffers. The construction may be either on a pre-selected site assigned by GSA\nto the successful offeror or on the offeror’s site. Therefore, the building\nwill be developed on private land and the building will be leased to GSA. In\nthese cases, the applicable State and local government codes apply. The\ndeveloper/owner (i.e., offeror) must also obtain the necessary building\npermits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or local government\nofficials. The Facilities Standards do not apply to Lease Construction, it\ndoes, however, apply to Lease Construction with Government Option to Purchase\nand is recommended for significant build-to-lease buildings. For requirements\nfor Lease Construction see SFO specific program, i.e. seismic, environmental,\nfire safety, accessibility, etc.\n\nLease Construction with Government Option to Purchase. In cases where GSA’s\nformal solicitation for offers has an option for GSA to purchase the building\nat a future date, the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes and requirements\napply as well as the applicable state and local government codes. Should a\nconflict exist between applicable State and local government codes and the GSA\nrequirements, the GSA requirements take precedence. However, GSA shall\ncarefully consider each conflict based on adequacy, cost, and nationally\naccepted practice. In addition, the developer/owner must also obtain the\nnecessary building permits and approvals from the appropriate state and/or\nlocal government officials as well as from GSA.\n\nConflicts between Nationally Recognized Codes and GSA Requirements. To ensure\nflexibility, it is GSA policy to make maximum use of equivalency clauses in\nall nationally recognized codes. Should a conflict exist between GSA\nrequirements and the GSA adopted nationally recognized codes, the GSA\nrequirement shall prevail. All code conflicts shall be brought to the\nattention of the GSA project manager for resolution.\n\nCode Requirements for Alterations. Generally, involved building systems need\nonly be upgraded to correct deficiencies identified by GSA, unless the entire\nbuilding is being renovated. All new work is required to meet the applicable\nnationally recognized codes adopted by GSA and interpreted by the specific GSA\nRegion. If only a portion of the building is being renovated, the IBC shall be\nevaluated to determine if the entire building must be brought up to code\ncompliance. Any questions or concerns should be discussed with the GSA project\nmanager.\n\nZoning Laws. During the planning process and development of associated\nenvironmental documentation for new construction and renovation projects, GSA\nshall consider all requirements (other than procedural requirements) of zoning\nlaws, design guidelines, and other similar laws of the state and/or local\ngovernment. This includes, but is not limited to, laws relating to\nlandscaping, open space, building setbacks, maximum height of the building,\nhistoric preservation, and aesthetic qualities of a building. The project\ndesign team is to fully address such laws and requirements in their planning\nand design documents. Any proposed deviations from such laws are to be\ndocumented, fully justified, and brought to the attention of the GSA project\nmanager for resolution.\n\nLocal regulations must be followed without exception in the design of systems\nthat have a direct impact on off-site terrain or utility systems (such as\nstorm water run-off, erosion control, sanitary sewers and storm drains and\nwater, gas, electrical power and communications, emergency vehicle access, and\nroads and bridges).\n\nWith respect to the number of parking spaces, the requirements stated in the\nbuilding program take precedence over zoning ordinances in all cases. Although\nGSA may not be able to directly compensate for displaced parking (as a result\nof site acquisition), the project team should seek creative alternatives and\npartnerships to address parking concerns brought about by GSA’s development.\nConsiderations may include shared parking facilities and strategies to\nencourage transit use.\n\nIn the case of leased facilities built on private land, all local zoning\nordinances apply.\n\nState and Local Government Consultation, Review, and Inspections. The GSA\nproject manager shall provide to the appropriate state and/or local government\nofficials the opportunity to review the project for compatibility with local\nplans, zoning compliance, building code compliance, and construction\ninspections. This must occur early in project design so that the design can\neasily respond to appropriate recommendations. This includes, but is not\nlimited to the review of drawings and specifications, any on-site inspections,\nissuing building permits, and making recommendations for compliance with local\nregulations and compatibility with local fire fighting practices. The GSA\nproject manager shall also inform the state and local government officials\nthat GSA and its contractors will not be required to pay any amount for any\naction taken by the State and/or local government officials to carry out their\nmission. However, GSA shall review all recommendations made by state and local\ngovernment officials. Each recommendation shall be carefully considered based\non adequacy, cost, and nationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the\nfinal authority to accept or reject any recommendation from state and/or local\ngovernment officials.\n\nZoning and other considerations relating to urban design issues. The design\nteam should offer local officials an opportunity to informally review and\ncomment on the design concept, for compatibility with local plans, zoning, and\ndesign guidelines. Key design milestones, such as at initial concepts and\naround the project’s peer review sessions, offer logical timeframes for these\nreviews and can be especially helpful to the designers. If local officials\nchoose to review the concept, the GSA project manager should establish a\nconcise window in which comments can be accepted (e.g., no longer than 30\ndays), and this should be coordinated with the project design schedule. If\nlocal officials choose not to review the design concept, this should be noted\nin the project file.\n\nDesign review for code compliance. If the state and local government officials\nelect to review building designs for code compliance (i.e., final concepts,\npreliminary designs, and final working drawings), such design submissions will\nbe officially forwarded to the appropriate local officials by the GSA project\nmanager. Local officials will be provided 30 days for their review and comment\nin writing for each proposed design submission, with no time extensions. If\ncomments are not received after the commenting period is over, the GSA project\nmanager will proceed with project execution.\n\nConstruction Inspections. If the state and local government officials elect to\nperform code compliance construction inspections, the GSA project manager\nshall include special provisions in the A/E’s and each contractor’s contract\nto handle the additional requirement of coordinating their work with state and\nlocal government officials. Any findings resulting from such inspections by\nthe state and local government officials shall be immediately communicated to\nthe GSA project manager for consideration. It is to be clearly understood by\nall parties (e.g., state and local government officials, construction\ncontractors, GSA, etc.) that the state and local government officials do not\nhave the authority to reject, accept, or make changes to the work and is there\nonly to assist GSA in achieving code compliance. State and local government\nrecommendations. The GSA project manager should make an effort to incorporate\nstate and local government recommendations when reasonable and when in the\nbest interest of the government. Notwithstanding, it is GSA’s policy to comply\nwith state and local building codes to the maximum extent practicable. GSA\nshall review all recommendations made by state and local government officials.\nEach recommendation shall be carefully considered based on adequacy, cost, and\nnationally accepted practice. However, GSA has the final authority to accept\nor reject any recommendation. The GSA project manager shall maintain a record\nof all recommendations and comments from state and local government officials\nfor the duration of the project.\n\nLast Reviewed: 2019-02-26\n\n#### Home\n\n#### Resources for ...\n\n * Americans with Disabilities\n * Citizens and Consumers\n * Federal Employees\n * Federal Agencies\n * GSA Employees\n * Native American Tribes\n * Presidential & Congressional Commissions, Boards or Small Agencies\n * Small Businesses\n * State and Local Governments\n\n#### Governmentwide Initiatives\n\n * Centers of Excellence\n * Cybersecurity\n * Digital Strategy\n * FedRAMP\n * GSA Open Data\n * Identity, Credentials, and Access Management\n * Open Government\n * Plain Language\n * Sustainability\n * Information Quality\n * Total Workplace\n\n#### Customer Support\n\n * Contact Us\n * Customer Service Directors\n * Vendor Support Center\n\n#### Organization\n\n * Leadership Directory\n * Board of Contract Appeals\n * Office of Inspector General\n * Staff Directory\n\n#### Reference\n\n * Agency Financial Report\n * Budget and Performance\n * Catalogs\n * Orders & Directives\n * Forms\n * Freedom of Information Act Requests\n * No FEAR Act\n * Reports\n\n#### Website Information\n\n * A-Z Index\n * Accessibility\n * Sitemap\n * Website Policies\n\n#### Also of Interest\n\n * Data.gov\n * USA.gov\n * Whitehouse.gov\n\n#### Tools\n\n * eBuy\n * eLibrary\n * FBF.gov\n * GSA Advantage\n * GSA Auctions\n * All GSA Web Tools\n\n### U.S. General Services Administration\n\n * Facebook\n\n * Twitter\n\n * LinkedIn\n\n * Youtube\n\n * Instagram\n\n * Blog\n\n * Email\n\n### Join the Conversation\n\nFeedback\n\nTop\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201129165910/https://www.jlconline.com/how-to/framing/joining-two-roofs-of-different-pitches_o",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "",
"passages": []
},
"parsed_md": "\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210416173520/https://www.worksafe.govt.nz/topic-and-industry/excavation/excavation-safety-gpg/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Excavation safety",
"passages": [
"Avoid underground services and make sure not to undermine nearby structures – use safe digging practice and dig away from them.",
"Excavation failures are particularly dangerous because they may occur quickly, limiting the ability of workers (and in some cases others nearby) to escape, especially if the collapse is extensive.",
"The speed of an excavation collapse increases the risk associated with this type of work. The consequences are significant as the falling earth can bury or crush any person in its path resulting in death by suffocation or internal crush injuries.",
"This guideline is for persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs), workers, upstream PCBUs, and competent people involved in excavation work.",
"All work involving excavations must comply with the requirements of the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) and all relevant regulations, including the Health and Safety in Employment Regulations 1995 (the HSE Regulations) and the Health and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations 2016 (the GRWM Regulations).",
"This guideline does not apply to shafts associated with mining operations, or tunnelling operations, which are regulated under the Health and Safety at Work (Mining Operations and Quarrying Operations) Regulations 2016 (the MOQO Regulations).",
"Some industries have guidelines that deal with specific problems faced in their working environments, such as the electricity sector or plant and machinery hire. When deciding how to do a job safely, make sure to check any industry specific guidance.",
"Excavation work generally means work involving the removal of soil or rock from a site to form an open face, hole or cavity, using tools, machinery or explosives.",
"Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or underground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access or locate existing services.",
"Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or underground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access or locate existing services.",
"A trench is a long narrow excavation which is deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface along its length.",
"When a retaining wall is built, an open excavation becomes a trench formed by an excavated face on one side, and a retaining wall on the other. Usually workers need to access this trench to work, for example for waterproofing the retaining wall.",
"Drives are small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or elsewhere, for example, under roads. Cutting a drive is particularly hazardous as it introduces the risk of trapping workers with no alternative escape route.",
"Shafts and drives are often constructed to provide access or ventilation to a tunnel. Shallow shafts can be sunk for investigating or constructing foundations, dewatering, or providing openings to underground facilities.",
"HSWA defines the roles and responsibilities of different duty holders. These include PCBUs, officers, workers and other persons at workplaces.",
"While a PCBU may be an individual or an organisation, usually the PCBU will be an organisation, for example a business entity such as a company.",
"All PCBUs must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and safety of workers and other people are not put at risk by their work. This is the primary duty of care.",
"providing information, training, instruction or supervision necessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety from work",
"A PCBU that manages or controls a workplace must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the workplace, the means of entering or exiting the workplace, and anything arising from the workplace are without health and safety risks to any person. For example, before leaving the site unattended for the night, make sure it and any plant and equipment are safe and secure.",
"More than one PCBU can have a duty to the same matter. Where this happens the PCBUs have overlapping duties. This might happen in a:",
"shared workplace (eg a building site), where more than one PCBU and its workers control and influence the work on site",
"PCBUs that share no contractual relationship may still share overlapping duties, such as when they work on the same site.",
"PCBUs must discharge their overlapping duties to the extent they have the ability to influence and control the matter, and must so far as is reasonably practicable, co-operate, co-ordinate and consult with others in the workplace. For example:",
"Upstream PCBUs infl uence and sometimes eliminate health and safety risks through, for example, designing or manufacturing products that are safe for the end user. Upstream PCBUs must consider potential health and safety risks of their products that could reasonably be expected to be used at a workplace.",
"Designers of temporary works or suppliers of plant used by the PCBU are examples of upstream PCBUs in excavation work.",
"engage with workers on health and safety matters that affect or are likely to affect them, so far as is reasonably practicable",
"Both duties involve two-way communication in a ‘conversation’ about health and safety. Everyone involved in health and safety must be able to contribute and have their opinion considered when decisions are made.",
"Have deliberate, planned ways to engage and support participation. Each PCBU can determine the best way to meet its duties, depending on workers’ views and needs, the size of the organisation and the nature of its risks.",
"A worker is an individual who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU and includes employees, contractors, sub-contractors, apprentices and trainees, and volunteer workers. Workers’ responsibilities include:",
"complying, so far as reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so the PCBU can comply with the law",
"telling the PCBU when they become aware the PPE is damaged or defective, or when it needs to be cleaned or decontaminated.",
"An officer is a person with a specific role in an organisation or a person with the ability to exercise significant influence over the management of the business or undertaking. Organisations can have more than one officer. An officer includes, for example, company directors, and chief executives.",
"Officers have a duty to exercise due diligence to ensure the PCBU complies with their duties under HSWA. Each officer has a duty – it is not a joint duty.",
"Other people at a workplace must take reasonable care of their own health and safety and that of others. However, PCBU’s have the most influence and control over what has created the risk at the workplace, and have the primary duty of care to ensure other people’s health and safety is not at risk from the work.",
"Other people at a workplace potentially at risk from work activities include volunteers, customers, passers-by, visitors, other PCBUs, or workers of another entity.",
"Think broadly about the work and make sure, so far as is reasonably practicable, other people’s health and safety is not put at risk from work being done or from anything else at the workplace.",
"In this guideline, ‘competent person’ refers to the temporary works designer, who should be competent to assess and manage the risks relevant to the excavation’s depth and have a working knowledge of this guideline. A competent person is a person who has acquired through training, qualification or experience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.",
"Table 1 and table 2 (below) set out some recommended competencies for this competent person. The tables show what level of competence is appropriate for increasingly complex excavations.",
"On sites requiring multiple schemes or different temporary works disciplines, one competent person may not have experience across all the disciplines of temporary works and may require additional technical support on site.",
"Each excavation has its own unique set of considerations to address during the design process, some of which may not be immediately apparent. Therefore, make an assessment of the appropriate level of competence for each individual excavation.",
"Experience and competence can be gained via different routes and with lesser qualifications (subject to formal assessment of individual skills) or exemptions made where close supervision/mentoring is provided by others. In some workplaces, the same person could fulfil a number of roles (such as designer and supervisor), depending on their level of competency.",
"Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6, waller and brace solution up to 6 m in depth)",
"Shafts and drives framed with timber or steel with poling boards, lagging or laths. Supported by pre-cast concrete, steel caissons/plates etc",
"(1) Generally flat open ground, with little or no surcharge loading, favourable ground conditions, off set from nearby structures and sensitive infrastructure. Groundwater can be controlled with simple methods, such as a sump pump arrangement.",
"(2) Shoring that comes with documents stating what depths or soil pressure it can be used to (eg slide-rail shoring). Alternatively, shoring designed to specific soil load profiles (eg trench shields).",
"(3) Through training qualifications or experience, has acquired the knowledge and skills to competently excavate to this depth, for example:",
"* someone who has industry training and expertise, experience, knowledge and skills to excavate to this excavation’s depth and type\n\n* a Chartered Professional Engineer with experience designing temporary works, holding formal Engineering qualifications (eg Civil, Structural or Geotechnical).\n(4) Can verify the design and carry out monitoring, depending on the risks identified in the risk assessment",
"(5) The conditions may include very weak or sensitive soils, groundwater that require specialist dewatering or locations near structures and sensitive infrastructure. These conditions would result in an elevated risk when constructing the excavation.",
"Risk management involves thinking more broadly about risk, not just spotting work-related hazards. Think about the root cause of any harmful event, the likelihood it will occur, the consequences if it does and the steps to take to eliminate or minimise the risk.",
"PCBUs must manage all health and safety risks with excavation work. Remember to consult, co-operate and co-ordinate with other PCBUs and to engage with workers.",
"if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risk – minimise the risk so far as is reasonably practicable",
"review, and if necessary revise controls to maintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, a work environment that does not have risks to health and safety.",
"The first step in the risk management process is to identify hazards which could injure or harm anyone. A good hazard identification process is the key to risk management.",
"Identify hazards and controls before the work starts. It may not be possible to control all hazards before work starts – so identify the controls and implement them when required.",
"Complete and monitor hazard identification regularly to make sure controls are working and that no new hazards have been introduced.",
"consider hazards that may be created by other site users, or if the excavation activities could create hazards for others (eg traffic management)",
"task analysis: identify the hazards involved in each task. Some workplaces use job safety analysis (JSA) or task analysis (TA) to do this",
"PCBUs must manage risks that could result from work. Risks to health and safety arise from people being exposed to hazards (sources of harm). Carry out a risk assessment when:",
"a work activity involves different hazards, and the workers involved do not know how those hazards interact to produce new or greater risks",
"workplace changes may impact on the effectiveness of controls > new or different risks are associated with a change in work systems or work location.",
"PCBUs must eliminate risks so far as is reasonably practicable. If a risk cannot be eliminated, it must be minimised so far as is reasonably practicable.",
"To decide what is ‘reasonably practicable’, PCBUs must weigh up all relevant matters. Those matters include, but are not limited to:",
"Only consider cost after assessing the extent of the risk and the available ways of eliminating or minimising the risk.",
"There are times when certain work risks must be dealt with in a specified way. For example, there are specific requirements in regulations about dealing with the risks arising from carrying out remote or isolated work or work dealing with hazardous substances such as asbestos.",
"Some controls are more effective than others. Controls can be ranked from the highest level of protection and reliability to the lowest. This ranking is known as the hierarchy of controls.",
"Isolation: Isolate means preventing contact or exposure to the risk. For example, using concrete barriers to separate pedestrians and mobile plant.",
"Engineering controls: For example benching, battering or shoring the sides of the excavation to reduce the risk of ground collapse.",
"If risk remains, it must be minimised by implementing administrative controls, so far as is reasonably practicable, for example by installing warning signs near the excavation.",
"Minimise any remaining risk with suitable PPE, for example hard hats, hearing protectors and high-visibility vests. Administrative controls and PPE rely on human behaviour and supervision. Used on their own, they tend to be the least effective in minimising risks.",
"excavating plant: if quantities are large, it may be effective to use diff erent types of plant for the various materials undergoing excavation",
"when the control is not effective in controlling the risk (eg if there has been an incident or near miss)",
"before a change at the workplace that is likely to give rise to a new or different health and safety risk that the control may not eff ectively control",
"Common review methods include workplace inspections, consultation, testing and analysing records and data. When reviewing controls, review the safe system of work or task analysis and revise it if necessary.",
"If problems are found, go back through the risk management steps, review the information and make further decisions about controls.",
"Planning involves identifying the hazards, assessing risks and deciding suitable controls in consultation with everyone involved in the work including other PCBUs, workers, competent people, and mobile plant operators.",
"Consider the site factors, hazards and the unique characteristics of the site. The nature of the excavation work will affect the selection of an excavation method and a safe system of work. The ground conditions will have a significant impact on what excavation method to select and the controls to use.",
"Other risks associated with excavation work, including any connected work such as construction, must also be controlled so they do not cause harm to anyone.",
"A safe system of work sets out how a piece of work or a project will be completed safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.",
"Implement a safe system of work before excavation work starts to make sure the excavation happens in the right location with the right plant and equipment on site and with the right workers with relevant competencies.",
"Make sure to engage with workers carrying out the excavation work and their representatives, and if you are working with other PCBUs, co-operate, co- ordinate and consult with them so far as is reasonably practicable.",
"inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)",
"Services include gas, water, stormwater, sewerage, telecommunications and electricity supply, chemicals, fuel and refrigerant in pipes or lines. The PCBU must identify and manage hazards and risks associated with underground and overhead services in the planning and design stages. In the first instance, contact the service owner for advice prior to works commencing.",
"For information on the risks of work around utility service see section 5.7 and WorkSafe’s Guide for Safety with Underground Services.",
"Before any excavation takes place workers should know what is underground and what is overhead. Consider services present until it is proven they are not there.",
"Knowledge about what energy sources the services actually carry is essential. Service markings and colours can vary from current national standards and the service owner should be able to provide specific information.",
"Check service depths as they may vary from the plan (eg the ground cover may have been altered since the service was laid). Pothole to determine service location and depth.",
"Make sure mobile plant access and egress is safe by checking the proximity of overhead services and the ground strength for access routes (eg check for underground drainage pipes, service ducts, soak wells, and storage tanks).",
"Check workers are competent to complete the tasks. This will include giving a briefing and assessing that plant, equipment (including safety and protective equipment), tools, and procedures are fit-for-purpose.",
"How will you work with the service owner and get permission? This may be required to approach services using hand-held mechanical tools, or mechanical methods, and to backfill the excavation.",
"How will you provide underground service plans and related information to other parties, such as other PCBUs and workers operating mobile plant?",
"Excavation work may seriously affect the stability of any structure near the excavation. This may lead to structural failure, or ground collapse depending on the site’s ground conditions.",
"Consider the excavation’s zone of influence on the stability of any nearby structure and make sure the excavation does not remove any nearby structure’s ground support.",
"The zone is normally at an angle from the base of the excavated face to the surface. The zone’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for example soil strength and density.",
"Make sure other structures near the excavation site are not adversely affected by vibration or concussion during the work. If hospitals and other buildings with equipment sensitive to shock and vibration are nearby, consider the need for special precautions.",
"Site security should consider all risks to workers and others. Establish the work activity’s boundary before securing the work area. Each work activity may be smaller than the whole workplace, so as each work activity moves its boundary moves with it. As the work boundary moves, so far as is reasonably practicable, minimise risk to workers and others outside the work activity.",
"Other people near the work have a responsibility to take reasonable care that their actions (or lack of action) do not put themselves or others at risk. They must also comply with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, as far as they are reasonably able to.",
"For example, a long trench line operation secures each work activity’s boundary using movable security arrangements as the excavation work progresses.",
"Safety fences prevent people from gaining access into hazardous areas. Guard any excavations to which the public has or might gain access. Fence off the area even during times when workers are not present on site.",
"Any safety fence should comply with the minimum requirements of NZTA’s Code of Practice for Temporary Traffic Management available at www.nzta.govt.nz(external link)",
"HSE Regulation 25 requires any readily accessible excavation likely to collect or retain water to a dangerous depth to be, so far as is reasonably practicable:",
"Manage traffic, including all road users while the work takes place with a temporary traffic management plan (TMP). All work on a road or work that affects the normal operating condition of a road must have an approved TMP.",
"If excavations are to take place on or near a road or transport corridor, obtain approval from the Road Controlling Authority, which is often the local authority or NZTA.",
"The TMP should show how the excavation will be protected so work can go ahead safely for workers and others. The TMP should show how traffic (including cyclists and pedestrians) will negotiate the site, for example what lanes will be closed by the work, and how.",
"If the site will be unattended, provide a separate TMP also covering the protection of any excavations by backfilling, plating, or fencing. Where work is located on roads controlled by a local authority, check with the local authority as to what is required for appropriate traffic management.",
"Separate the route used for hauling spoil from the one used by workers. If it is not possible to separate the traffic, forbid worker movement while spoil or plant is being moved, and vice versa.",
"Unless the excavation is so shallow those outside can see and talk easily to those at the face, provide an effective signalling system and interlocks that prevent winding gear from operating while personnel are moving.",
"When mechanical haulage is used in small drives or manholes, excavate refuges into the side of the drive to provide shelter from passing traffic.",
"The refuges should be a least 1.2 m deep by 1 m wide by 2 m high (or the height of the drive if it is less than 2 m) and spaced not more than 18 m apart. They should all be on the same side of the drive.",
"It is important to obtain the necessary resource consents before work starts. Check your local authority’s district plan to find out if resource consents are necessary.",
"Contact your regional council to check whether you are working on a HAIL (6) site and to make sure you comply with the Resource Management (National Environmental Standard for Assessing and Managing Contaminants in Soil to Protect Human Health) Regulations 2011 (NES) (7) before excavating. For more information refer to section 5.10.",
"The hazard identification and risk assessment can identify levels of risk that will deem the excavation a confined space under certain conditions.",
"A confined space is an enclosed or partially enclosed space, not intended or designed primarily for human occupancy, where there is a risk of one or more of the following:",
"engulfment in a stored free flowing solid or a rising level of liquid that may cause suff ocation or drowning.",
"If the excavation’s characteristics meet the defined criteria refer to AS 2965 Confined spaces to find out the appropriate work methods, risk management, and emergency planning.",
"all equipment is suitable and operational, within current inspection dates, and used by workers trained in the use of the equipment.",
"The natural reaction to immediately enter and try to rescue a person often leads to the serious injury or death of the would-be rescuer/s. A suitably trained and competent standby person should be present to communicate and oversee the work being conducted. They will co-ordinate the response to any emergency. Emergency response planning should follow the requirements of AS 2865.",
"First try and eliminate the risks but if that is not reasonably practicable, then minimise them, so far as is reasonably practicable. A combination of controls may need to be used. Make sure controls prevent anyone being harmed, so far as is reasonably practicable. They must translate into practical standards and expectations, roles, responsibilities, and processes that are relevant for everyone in the supply chain.",
"inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)",
"All excavations, no matter what depth, can be risky. Ground collapse can occur quickly and without warning, giving a worker virtually no time to escape, especially if the collapse is extensive. A buried worker is likely to die of suffocation before help arrives (either the head is buried, or the chest is so restricted by the ground’s weight the worker cannot breathe).",
"Tension cracks usually form at a horizontal distance of 0.5 to 0.75 times the depth of the excavation, measured from the top of the vertical face of the excavation.",
"In addition to sliding, tension cracks can cause toppling. Toppling occurs when a face shears along the tension crack line and topples into the excavation.",
"An unsupported excavation can create an unbalanced stress in the soil which, in turn, causes subsidence at the surface and bulging of the face. If uncorrected, this condition can cause face failure and trap workers in the excavation.",
"Downward pressure created by the adjoining soil’s weight causes base heave (8). This pressure causes a bulge in the bottom of the cut. Base heave can occur even when using shoring.",
"Boiling is an upward water fl ow into the bottom of the excavation. A high water table is one of the causes of boiling. Boiling produces a ‘quick’ condition in the bottom of the excavation, and can occur even when using shoring.",
"An excavated face’s stability depends on the strength of the soil in the face being greater than any stresses. Some situations that increase soil stress in an excavated face and may lead to failure in bad weather, under extra load or vibration are:",
"loads on the ground surface near the top of the face, such as excavated material, digging equipment or other construction plant and material",
"saturated soil increasing the soil’s weight and sometimes the volume > natural hazards like floods or earthquakes (eg earthquakes can cause soil liquefaction).",
"Weak, saturated, or otherwise unfavourable ground can have a significant effect on the construction and performance of an excavation. Consider having ground investigations and geotechnical assessments for excavations that are complex or may affect nearby structures or harm workers and others nearby. The ground investigation and geotechnical assessments should include:",
"a process to reduce the risk of unforeseen ground conditions. This will decrease the need for changes in design and construction methods.",
"If excavation work is planned without shoring, the continuing safety of the excavation will depend on the conditions arising during construction. If the conditions during construction are not as expected, or if conditions change during the course of the work (eg different soils, heavy rain/flooding) take immediate action to protect workers, other people and property.",
"Excavations shallower than 1.5 m have been known to collapse. If a worker is in the excavation and bending over or crouching down at the time of the collapse, he or she may suffer serious injury. PCBUs must consider the risks associated with these excavations and determine if special precautions or work methods are necessary, for example shoring.",
"There are three main types of controls to prevent ground collapse. Make sure to use one or more of the following controls to support all sides of the excavation:",
"No matter how deep an excavation is, if there is a risk of collapse, put controls in place to prevent this. Involve a competent person when selecting what ground collapse controls to apply.",
"A combination of controls may be most effective, depending on the work environment and characteristics of the excavated material. In built-up areas or streets the excavation may have to be fully or partly sheeted, or supported to prevent collapse due to localised vehicle movement and vibration.",
"If shoring is impracticable or unreasonable, make sure a competent person certifies any other safety precautions put in place as adequate. The competent person’s advice should state the time period it applies to, and may be subject to a condition that specified natural occurrences may create a risk of collapse.",
"A report from a competent person can provide information on the stability and safety of an excavation. The report should include:",
"HSE Regulation 24 requires any excavated face more than 1.5 m high to be shored, so far as is reasonably practicable, unless:",
"the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather, or",
"by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any worker in the vicinity, there is no danger to any worker, or",
"shoring is impracticable or unreasonable and other precautions have been taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.",
"Benching is a method of preventing ground collapse by excavating the sides of an excavation to form one or more horizontal steps with vertical surfaces between levels.",
"The condition of soil surrounding excavations can change quickly when the soil dries out, the water table changes or water saturates the soil. A competent person should frequently check the soil condition and the state of shoring, benching, battering, and excavated faces for signs of earth fretting, slipping, slumping, or ground swelling. If necessary, the PCBU should repair the excavation or strengthen the shoring from above before allowing work below ground to continue.",
"It is not necessary to bench or batter excavated faces which a competent person determines are in stable rock, or has assessed there is no risk of collapse. If benching or battering excavated walls, do not exceed the soil type’s angle of repose unless designed by a competent person and certified in writing.",
"Benches should be wide enough to stabilise the slope to prevent spoil falling into the excavation. They should also be sloped to reduce the possibility of water scouring. When designing the face, slopes and widths of benches, consider any earthmoving machinery that may be used and any related haul routes.",
"Battering is where the wall of an excavation is sloped back to a predetermined angle to ensure stability. Battering reduces the risk of ground collapse by cutting the excavated face back to a safe slope.",
"Shoring provides support to excavated faces to prevent soil moving and ground collapsing. If the ground is not self-supporting, and benching or battering is not suitable, use shoring to manage the risk of a person being buried or trapped during excavation work.",
"When choosing shoring as a control use certified proprietary or non- proprietary systems, within their rated load capacity limits according to manufacturer or supplier instructions.",
"Involve a competent person when selecting what shoring to use. This is to make sure the shoring is fit for purpose. Otherwise, a competent person should design the shoring for the specific workplace conditions.",
"If risks remain for those installing shoring, put other suitable controls in place to ensure the health and safety of workers entering the excavation.",
"Shore the excavated face as the excavation work progresses. If using mobile plant, assess the risk to find out if any part of the excavation may be left unsupported.",
"As part of your safe system of work, make sure workers do not enter any unprotected part of the excavation. If the shoring is being progressively installed workers should not work ahead of the shoring.",
"Shoring should extend above ground level if practicable, or at least to ground level if that is not practicable, for example where covers may need to be placed over the excavation at night. If the shoring does not extend to at least ground level, bench or batter the excavation and make sure the shoring can take the surcharge load.",
"HSE Regulation 24 requires that any shoring, so far as is reasonably practicable: consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use",
"consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use",
"has bracings, jacks, and struts securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes",
"not be altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.",
"Shoring that slightly compresses soil without allowing the soil to move outward can produce an arching effect in the soil. This is ‘soil arching’.",
"Soil arching allows excavated walls shored with struts to stand even with no sheeting or lagging between the struts, without the soil behind flowing out.",
"Soil arching does not reduce the total soil load, but distributes it to the shoring and away from the excavated face.",
"The ability for shoring to use soil arching depends on the consistency of the soil. Both cohesive and non-cohesive soils will experience soil arching to some extent. Generally for soil arching to work there has to be a small amount of soil movement, but soils lacking cohesion are usually not good candidates.",
"Shoring that uses soil arching is generally only suitable for excavations less than 2 m deep and where each section of the excavation is open for less than one week.",
"Make sure to follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s advice on spacing requirements and recommended preload pressures for shoring; however the closer the shoring is, the better soil arching works.",
"Some ravelling, or soil falling off the excavated face between the support may occur but this will not compromise the shoring. Use backing boards or lagging to eliminate or minimise ravelling.",
"Remove shoring and all supports in a way that protects workers from ground collapse, structural collapse, or being struck. To keep workers safe, temporary structural members may need to be installed before any removal begins.",
"When removing shoring, take apart and extract it in reverse order to its installation. Workers should not work outside the protection of the shoring. No part of a shoring system should be removed until the excavation is ready for final backfill and compaction.",
"A trench-shoring box is able to withstand the forces imposed by ground, water, or surcharge loads. It will protect workers within it, as well as prevent ground collapse. This is achieved by ‘digging and pushing’ the box into the ground as the excavation proceeds, maintaining positive pressure on the excavated faces at all times.",
"Manhole boxes are a subset of trench-shoring boxes. They are designed and constructed using the same methods and materials as trenchshoring boxes. Most manhole boxes are installed using the ‘dig and drop’ method. If ground conditions are poor enough that the dig and drop method is not practical, consider digging and pushing manhole box shoring, corner-slide rails or hydraulic brace and sheet systems.",
"Trench shields are different to trench-shoring boxes as they are only designed to protect workers if a collapse occurs. Trench shields are designed to be installed using the dig and drop method and dragged along as work progresses.",
"Using trench-shoring boxes and shields correctly makes it safe for workers entering the excavation, while protecting any nearby services or structures. Make sure enough trench-shoring boxes and shields are used to suitably protect workers, as the ends remain open, exposing workers near the ends to falling material. Workers should not work near each end. The length of pipes or services to install usually determines the number of trench-shoring boxes to use.",
"Use trench-shoring boxes and shields where access is available for an excavator or backhoe to install or extract it from a trench. They are normally not suitable where access is difficult and ground conditions prevent the use of lifting equipment.",
"Trench-shoring boxes and trench shields should not exceed their maximum designed load. To reduce the load and depth of the excavation, use benching and battering practices.",
"Suitably maintain trench-shoring boxes and shields or they may fail unexpectedly, particularly if they are damaged. Follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions for installing, using, removing, and maintaining them. Regularly inspect them for damage and have a competent person approve any modifications.",
"Follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions when storing or transporting trench-shoring boxes and shields. Heavy-duty equipment may require disassembly for transport.",
"For more information on trench-shoring boxes, including specific soil and surcharge profiles refer to AS 47441: Steel shoring and trench lining equipment.",
"Slide-rail shoring is diff erent from trench-shoring boxes and shields, because all parts including posts, panels, and rolling-strut assemblies move during the excavation. Slide-rail shoring features vertical rail posts and panels designed and manufactured to slide relative to each other to dig the shoring into the ground. The rolling-strut allows the struts to move up and down the sliderail post during installation.",
"Slide-rail shoring may be used as an alternative to interlocked sheet-pile and H-pile shoring. Slide-rail shoring is normally effective to depths of up to 9 m.",
"Evaluate slide-rail shoring alongside other deep shoring systems, especially sheet-pile and H-pile systems. All three systems work best in poor ground conditions such as loose sands, gravels, and soft cohesive clays.",
"Install slide-rail shoring as the excavation work is progressing. Slide-rail shoring is designed so no void is left in the ground after it is removed. The rail posts and panels can be raised simultaneously with the backfi ll operation.",
"Steel sheet piling is normally used on major excavations such as large building foundations, where large embankments need to be held back, or where the excavation is near adjoining buildings. Install sheet piling before any excavation work begins. A competent person should install the sheet piling.",
"Use sheet piling when the ground is so unstable that sidewall collapse is likely while excavating, for example, in loose and running sand.",
"Sheet piling is usually driven well below the excavation’s base. Sheet piling is eff ective in high groundwater conditions preventing soil escaping behind the excavated walls, and when base heave is a risk because of weak soils.",
"Normally sheet piles are pre-driven using heavy equipment and vibrating head technology. Minimise noise and vibrations as well as damage to adjacent structures while installing sheet piling.",
"While installing sheet piling make sure the load does not exceed the piling’s designed load capacity. For deep pits this normally requires welded steel frames to be designed and built into the installation. Alternatively, a competent person should design the installation of any proprietary hydraulic frames and struts.",
"Steel trench sheeting is lighter than sheet piling and overlaps rather than interlocks. It is faster and easier to install but is not capable of being used to the same depths of sheet piling.",
"It is normally positioned and pneumatically pushed into the fi nal depth as the excavation progresses. Place toms, walings, or hydraulic bracing frames and struts into position as the soil is excavated.",
"A ground anchor is a structural element installed in soil or rock to transfer a tensile load into the ground. Ground anchors (sometimes referred to as ‘tie- backs’) alone do not support an excavation, they form part of a larger shoring system, typically with steel sheet piling.",
"perform a series of sustained static load tests on a sample of anchors to confirm they have suffi cient load capacity and meet performance criteria",
"Hydraulic support comes in configurations from small, lightweight aluminium, glass-reinforced plastic (GRP) composite or aluminium soldier sets, to large steel hydraulic bracing frames and struts.",
"Except for small soldier sets, or waler and sheet systems, hydraulic shoring is normally used with steel trench sheeting or sheet piles.",
"Consider ground pressures before installing hydraulic supports. In complex situations, requiring support other than small soldier sets or waler and sheet systems, a competent person should design hydraulic support in consultation with a geotechnical engineer. The competent person should design hydraulic support to resist the expected ground pressures and potential for collapse.",
"Properly maintain and use hydraulic support or it may become unreliable. Frequently inspect pressure hoses and rams to detect abrasion, fatigue, or damage such as bent or notched rams.",
"When the excavation has been fully supported, dismantle the hydraulic support to prevent damage. Inspect, repair if necessary, and store the hydraulic supports so they are not damaged before they are used next.",
"H-pile shoring is normally used in large open excavations or pit excavations. Steel H-piles are an advanced form of piling installed by drilling or driving. Timber lagging is normally used between the H-piles every 1.8 to 3 m. Each excavation will require a site-specific design.",
"Only use H-pile shoring in ground which has enough soil arching potential to permit lagging. The soil should be above the static groundwater level, or have been dewatered. Lagging does not extend below the excavation’s base so do not use H-pile shoring and lagging where there is potential for base heave or water and soil flows.",
"Soldier sets are a simple form of support mostly used in rock, stiff clays and in other soil types with self-supporting properties capable of generating soil arching.",
"Unlike closed sheeting sets, soldier sets only provide ground support at regular intervals and do not provide positive ground support to the whole excavated face.",
"L. Tom should be long enough to force soldiers firmly against excavated faces. To prevent soldiers excessively bowing against irregular faces, use wood packing between the face and soldier",
"Consider using timber shoring if continuous forms of shoring, or metal shoring cannot be used, for example, where services cross the excavation or need to be worked around.",
"Timber species and quality have a large effect on strength. Struts, walings, and sheeting sizes should not be less than the minimum sizes and grade prescribed in Table 6.",
"Timber shoring has some specific safety issues. Installing timber shoring to some extent requires workers to work inside an unshored excavation. Carefully plan any installation procedure as workers must be protected from becoming trapped or engulfed by a cave-in. If required, use temporary intermediate waling and strutting.",
"The influence of any loads near the excavation can cause ground collapse. Any excavated material and external actions applying a load to the ground nearby can affect the excavation’s stability through the zone of influence. The zone is normally from the base of an excavated face to the surface. The zone’s angle will depend on site-specific factors.",
"Mechanical plant, vehicles, spoil, or heavy loads should not be in the zone of influence plus 1 m from an excavation unless specific design can show it can support the surcharge load.",
"Figure 38: A shored excavation designed to carry soil loads onlyFigure 39: A shored excavation designed to carry soil, vehicle and spoil loads",
"Placing or stacking spoil near an excavated face puts workers at risk because it adds an extra load where it is placed or stacked. For example, placing spoil near the excavated face may cause it to collapse.",
"Use shoring designed and installed to carry extra loads, including groundwater pressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated spoil. Store spoil away from the excavation’s zone of influence plus 1 m.",
"If spoil is placed close to an excavation due to obstructions like fences, buildings, or trees, the weight of the spoil may overload the excavated faces. In this case, strengthen the ground support system at these locations and provide barriers to prevent the material falling into the excavation.",
"If excavating beside an old service line, place spoil on the opposite side of it to prevent excessive loading on previously weakened ground.",
"Placing spoil on the lower side of the excavation will reduce the effective depth of the excavation and the risk of spoil falling into the excavation.",
"Make sure spoil placed on the high side of the excavation does not increase the risk of ground collapse, flooding, or holding back run-off water. Place spoil so it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the excavation.",
"Work at height means working in a place where a person could be injured if they fell from one level to another. This can be above or below ground level. First try to eliminate the risk of falling, so far as is reasonably practicable.",
"Use edge protection or fencing able to take the weight of a falling worker. Where shoring extends above 200 mm, toe boards are not required.",
"fall prevention devices (eg temporary work platforms, edge protection and guard rails) work positioning systems (eg industrial rope access systems)",
"using shoring itself (eg using trench box extensions or trench sheets taller than the excavation’s depth). Where shoring extends above 200 mm toe boards are not required",
"Provide safe access and egress for all workers at all times. Keep the floor of the excavation clear of anything that would impede workers’ safe egress in an emergency, including:",
"If an excavation is such a small dimension that it is not reasonably practicable to use ladder access or egress, provide other means to allow workers safe access and egress.",
"For every vertical rise of 6 m, break up ladder runs with intermediate landings. Where ladders meet a landing, off set the ladder below from the ladder above by at least 600 mm.",
"Unless there are alternative handholds, extend ladders 1 m above the landing or the top of the excavation. Fit landing platforms with guardrails, midrails and/or toe boards.",
"Each fl ight of stairs should have uniform risers and provide landings of the same width as the stairs for every vertical rise of 6 m.",
"If using ramps instead of stairs, the maximum slope should not exceed 1 in 6, unless traction cleats are provided at 0.5 m spacing for 1 in 5 slopes, or at 0.4 m spacing for 1 in 4 slopes.",
"For some excavations, manual work such as trimming by hand will be required. Trimming can often be accomplished from outside the excavation by shovelling or pushing the material with a long-handled tool or shovel to the bottom of the excavation, where it can be picked up by mobile plant.",
"When working close to others, keep workers sufficiently far apart to prevent injury. This applies particularly to work in trenches and small excavations.",
"operators only using pins designed for this specifi c use (the manufacturer-specified retaining pin must be available on the machine)",
"setting up a system for checking that the pin is in place before starting the work and every time a diff erent attachment is fitted",
"make sure an exclusion zone is set up when using the excavator and for attachment fi tting or removal. If there are other workers on the construction site the exclusion zone applies to them, even if they are not involved in the excavator operation.",
"Avoid striking or undermining services. Good planning and supervision should identify and anticipate all overhead and underground services, which will help decide what activities will be allowed near the excavation work.",
"assume all services are live or in use unless the service owner formally advises in writing there are no risks with the service",
"---|--- Cables, gas transmission or high pressure pipelines| 2 m or more Overhead power line| 4 m or more Pole or support stay| 5 m or more Tower| 12 m or more",
"Any plant or excavation activity (including using hand-held tools) closer than the MADs summarised in Table 7 requires a documented permit or consent from the service owner. This should be held on site. Always check with the service owner, as they may have their own specific requirements for work on their service.",
"Understand the service owner’s permit or consent conditions for the work activity and follow these while operating the plant and carrying out the excavation. In some cases this may include following guidance or instructions from a service representative on site.",
"Always assume there are underground services at the site. Make sure the services are located and confirmed by the service owner. Some service plans are not accurate and the actual position and depth may be quite different. There may also be other unmapped services present, and services owned by diff erent parties.",
"services can be at a shallower depth where they cross obstructions such as culverts, or where the ground surface level has changed",
"For more information on the risks of work near underground services, refer to WorkSafe’s Guide for safety with underground services.",
"carefully dig pilot holes progressively towards the services ahead of small-step excavations. Be aware that water under pressure around electric cables with worn sheaths or old joints may cause an electrical hazard",
"use one or more spotters to spot obstacles or any signs of services in the excavation. Make sure spotters are a safe distance from any plant movement but still able to see and warn the operator",
"Using hand-held tools to approach closer to the point of exposing services can risk fracturing a service if a strike occurs.",
"use hand-held tools suitable for breaking hard surfaces, provided there is adequate substrate keeping the tool ends well separated from the services, including making sure:",
"any use of picks, bars or forks is to ease lumps or rocks away. Avoid using metal picks, bars, forks, drills, or hammers near live electrical cables",
"use full body cover with arc-resistant or flame-retardant materials when exposing electric cables, including anti-static properties where gas is a potential hazard.",
"check with the service owner for their duct and marking colours and identify what the underground services are and their status.",
"For work around live electrical services, use the MADs set out in section 9 of WorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (ECP 34). Apply MADs from the hand-held tool to the exposed service.",
"ECP 34 defines a ‘competent employee’ as an employee who can demonstrate the necessary knowledge, skills and experience to carry out electrical or telecommunications work in the vicinity of overhead electric lines, or exposed live metal, safely and to the standards used by the employer.",
"Consult with the service owner before backfilling. Use appropriate materials to preserve the support and condition of the services. Send information to the services owners so they can update their service plans.",
"For more information on corridor access requests and corresponding work authority permits refer to the New Zealand Utilities Advisory Group’s (NZUAG) National Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors available at www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)",
"Sparks from striking a gas line can ignite gas and cause a fire or explosion. If a gas line is ruptured, nearby running plant could cause the gas to ignite.",
"If inside an excavator, turn off the ignition and immediately leave it and the work area and move to a safe distance.",
"Excavating too close to overhead service support structures such as wooden poles can cause these to lean or collapse, putting workers and others at risk. Breaking communications cables can also release laser light that can damage eyesight.",
"string independently supported flag bunting 1.5 m below the span. The operator and spotter can use this as a guide. Consult the service owner to get consent before stringing any bunting.",
"all workers keep well clear of the excavator and anything else in contact with electricity, and shuffle to clear the area",
"Dangerous atmospheres can occur in excavations because of a lack of oxygen or the presence of toxic gases, flammable gases, or simple asphyxiates, for example:",
"---|--- Peaty ground| methane, hydrogen sulphide Filled and made ground| carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide Reclaimed land and trips| methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide Thermal areas| hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur dioxide, methyl mercaptan City streets| carbon monoxide, natural gas, carbon dioxide Service stations| petrol and hydrocarbons, kerosene, LPG",
"never using plant with a combustion engine (eg air compressors, electrical generators) in an excavation if workers may potentially enter to work",
"To help determine safe levels, compare the results of air monitoring to workplace exposure standards. For more information, including health- monitoring nformation, see WorkSafe’s Workplace Exposure Standards and Biological Exposure Indices",
"Ventilation systems help to maintain adequate oxygen levels and dilute flammable gases, fumes and certain dusts, such as coal and sulphide. These can ignite if they are present in explosive limits. Mechanical ventilation also reduces dust, fumes and hazardous contaminants, and can control air temperature and humidity.",
"A competent person should design the ventilation system so it provides plenty of ventilation throughout the excavation. This might include adding localised extraction ventilation to deal with the dust, heat, or fumes from the excavation. The design should allow for installing ventilation equipment or ducting as the excavation progresses to maintain adequate air supply to the working face.",
"Workers should not work in excavations where water has collected or is collecting, unless the necessary controls are in place.",
"Figure 44: Traditional sump pumps control surface water at the excavation’s baseFigure 45: Use well point pumping for lowering groundwater by up to 6 m",
"Before starting any excavation work, assess the likelihood of encountering contaminated soils or groundwater. If contamination is suspected or discovered, the risk to human health and the environment will require reassessment.",
"Health monitoring applies to workers if they are at risk of airborne asbestos exposure when carrying out ongoing asbestos-related work or asbestos removal work and are at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos when doing that work.",
"The Resource Management Act 1991 contains prohibitions against the discharge of contaminants into or onto the land, the water, or the air unless the discharge is expressly allowed by a national environmental standard, a rule in a regional plan or a resource consent.",
"Indicators of potential contamination include, but are not limited to, unusual odours and discoloured or stained water seeps and soils where the land is potentially or actually contaminated.",
"A land use consent may be required from the local authority to excavate or disturb soils at the site. Seek further advice from a suitably qualified and experienced practitioner.",
"Construction work that uses explosives is subject to the Hazardous Substances and New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO) and regulations. All possession, storage, handling, and use of explosives must be carried out in compliance with this legislation.",
"The PCBU should consult a competent person in the controlled application of explosives for carrying out the excavation work before deciding whether explosives should be used for the excavation.",
"Explosives must only be used by an approved handler who is qualified in explosives safety and has experience in this type of work.",
"(8) Soil weight refers to the weight of one unit of a particular soil. Soil weight varies with type and moisture content 1 cubic metre of soil can weigh from 1.8 tonnes to 2.2 tonnes or more.",
"(9) For more information and any exceptions refer to WorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (PDF 875 KB) [PDF, 875 KB]",
"Make sure to use an appropriate excavator for the excavation work and properly plan and risk assess any lifting operations by the excavator before carrying out the operation.",
"carry out regular planned inspections and maintenance in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations to make sure the mobile plant works safely, whether leased, hired, or owned",
"Plant defects should be reported immediately to the PCBU. If a defect is likely to pose an immediate or imminent risk to health and safety, remove the plant from service until the defect is fixed.",
"Check plant, equipment, and materials before arriving at the worksite. Make sure the plant and equipment are fit-for-purpose and in good working order.",
"If applicable, carry out checks before leaving the depot, and report any concerns according to company procedures, for example by tagging unsafe equipment. Do a final check when at the site and look over the area before starting work.",
"A wide range of powered mobile plant, including earthmoving machinery can carry out excavation work. To select suitable plant, consider:",
"A competent operator should use earthmoving machinery for its originally designed purpose. Earthmoving machinery operators must demonstrate they are competent to operate the specific type of plant and any fitted attachments.",
"Bulldozers typically excavate and move large amounts of material short distances. They can be equipped with hydraulically-operated rippers at the back which are capable of loosening the hardest of sedimentary rocks.",
"Self-propelled rubber-tyred scrapers can excavate and haul very large quantities of material economically over long distances at relatively high speed. Because of the large potential soil output and speeds of modern scrapers, pay careful attention to:",
"Large earthmoving machinery such as bulldozers should not operate close to an overhang or a deep excavation, as the weight may collapse the excavation.",
"Excavation work exceeding 1.5 m deep is typically done by excavators or specialised plant such as tunnelling machines and raisebores. Most of these types of plant have an element of mobility, although tunnelling machines typically have restricted movement.",
"Other plant used in excavation work includes backhoes, rubber-tyred loaders, skid steer loaders (eg bobcats), trench diggers, graders and tip trucks.",
"Powered mobile plant should not operate or travel near the edge of an excavation unless the shoring can support such loads.",
"Plant should approach end-on to excavations. If this is not practicable, make sure workers in the excavation get out when the plant is within the excavation’s zone of influence or move away and stand further down the excavation.",
"keep people away from areas of plant operation. Most excavator related deaths involve a person working in the vicinity of the excavator rather than the driver",
"make sure the spotter and operator understand the signals they will use and agree on the way to communicate with each other",
"maintain over 0.5 m of clearance between any part of the machine, particularly the ballast weight, and the nearest obstruction",
"Operators of powered mobile plant can often have severely restricted visibility of ground workers or nearby pedestrians, particularly those close to the plant.",
"In Figure 49 the operator’s visibility of the left rear relies on mirrors. Note there will always be a blind spot for the operator in line with the boom. Workers should approach the operator from a point where everyone can clearly see each other.",
"Powered mobile plant should be equipped with an appropriate combination of operator protection devices, for example an enclosed cabin and seat belts, to prevent the operator from ejecting from the cab or being struck by falling objects.",
"Any earthmoving machinery weighing more than 700 kgs, not including attachments, and designed to have a seated operator, should have an appropriate operator protective structure fi tted. These are either roll-over protective structures (ROPS), falling object protective structures (FOPS) or both, depending on the application. Self-propelled mechanical mobile plant must, so far as is reasonably practicable, be fi tted with roll-over protection and seat belts.",
"Quick hitches allow a bucket or other attachment to be quickly and easily connected and disconnected from an excavator or backhoe arm, saving signifi cant time during mobile plant operation.",
"A pin holds the attachment in place against the quick hitch and insures against accidental release. However, a manual quick hitch may still operate without the retaining pin in place and then suddenly, without warning, swing open or fall completely. If this happens when lifting over or close to a person the result is likely to be fatal.",
"Equip mobile plant operating near workers or other plant with warning devices (eg a reversing alarm or a revolving light; vehicles can also be fitted with reversing cameras).",
"Establish an effective system of communication based on two-way acknowledgement between mobile plant operators and ground workers before work starts. Train relevant workers in the procedures before they start work. The system should stop ground workers from approaching mobile plant until the operator has agreed to their request to approach. Similarly, the system should stop operators from moving plant closer than a set distance from ground workers until ground workers have advised the operator that they are aware of the proposed movement.",
"Mobile plant operators and workers should be familiar with the blind spots of the plant being used. Provide induction-training programs emphasising the dangers of working in close proximity to mobile plant, and provide adequate supervision.",
"Exclusion zones and separating workers from mobile plant should be the first option for managing this risk. If exclusion is not possible, use spotters to control operations when workers are in the immediate area. A spotter should be in constant contact with the mobile plant operator.",
"Items of mobile plant (including earthmoving equipment), not originally designed as a crane, and used for load-lifting incidental to their principal function are entirely exempt from the Health and Safety in Employment (Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 subject to the following conditions (10) as applicable:",
"in the case of new and used hydraulic excavators with an operating weight of seven tonne or more, the following additional conditions apply:",
"the equipment is not to be modified to make it operate as a crane other than the provision of a lifting point",
"hose burst protection valves are required (except for load-lifting mobile plant used in forestry operations that do not involve the construction of forest roads).",
"All excavation work must comply with HSWA and associated regulations. Table 10 lists the specific duties under the HSE Regulations that apply to excavations in construction work.",
"(a) every employer, in relation to every workplace under the control of that employer in which any construction work is carried out; and",
"(a) in relation to an employer of the kind described in subclause (1)(a), means an employee of that employer; and",
"(b) in relation to a person of the kind described in subclause (1)(b), means a person working in the workplace.",
"(1) Subject to subclause (2), every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that, where any face of any excavation is more than 1.5 m high, that face is shored.",
"(b) the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather; or",
"(c) by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any employee in the vicinity, there is no danger to any employee; or",
"(d) the provision of shoring is impracticable or unreasonable by reason of the nature of the work and the employer has, so far as is reasonably practicable, taken steps to ensure that other precautions are taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.",
"(3) Every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that any shoring used in any excavation at the workplace—",
"a) consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use; and",
"(b) has bracings, jacks, and struts that are securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes; and",
"(d) is not altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.",
"c) any such excavation is covered or fenced, when no employee is in the immediate vicinity to prevent access to it by any person; and",
"(d) any such excavation created in the course of the work is covered, fenced, or filled at the completion of the work.",
"Under clause 4 of Schedule 3 of HSWA a tunnelling operation is the extraction of fill to create, extend, or enlarge a tunnel or shaft. Tunnelling operations are subject to Schedule 3 of HSWA and the MOQO Regulations, except operations involving:",
"tunnels or shafts that are or will be 15 m or less, where one or two workers ordinarily work underground at any one time, and:",
"The Building Act 2004 and Building Regulations 1992 will generally apply if excavations are associated with constructing, altering, demolishing or removing a building. This also includes site work and building-related design work.",
"For more information on building legislation and controls, refer to the Ministry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s website www.building.govt.nz(external link)",
"Is the surface clear of plant, spoil heaps and materials for at least 1 m from the edge of the excavation?",
"Is the work properly fenced off and ‘signed’ during the day. Is the work properly fenced off, ‘signed’, guarded and lit during the night?",
"Employers and the person in control of the workplace must notify WorkSafe at least 24 hours’ before doing any hazardous work (as defined below).",
"storeys high, a power or telephone line, or carried out from a ladder only, or minor or routine maintenance or repair work)",
"propelled mobile crane, excavator or forklift) has to lift weights of half a tonne (500 kg) or more a height of 5 m or more",
"people have to work in an excavation that is more than 1.5 m deep and which is deeper than it is wide at the top",
"work in any excavation in which any face has a vertical height of more than 5 m and an average slope steeper than a ratio of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical",
"A notifiable event is when someone dies or when a notifiable incident, illness or injury occurs as a result of work. WorkSafe must be informed of all notifiable events. Notifiable injuries, illnesses and incidents are specified in HSWA.",
"HSWA requires PCBUs to notify WorkSafe if there is an unplanned or uncontrolled incident at a workplace that exposes a person (worker or otherwise) to a serious risk to their health and safety arising from immediate or imminent exposure to:",
"Your council might have additional rules that need to be met. Check with your local council for specific rules that apply in your region.",
"Check any local utility owners’ websites for additional procedures that may need to be met – look for headings like safety, working safely or public safety.",
"A list of competent engineers can be found on the IPENZ website, under the Chartered Professional Engineers (CPEng) Register available at www.ipenz.nz(external link)",
"You can visit our website for more information and guidance specifically about electrical or gas safety or call 0800 030 040.",
"| Any object or structure that creates a barrier obstacle to control, block passage or force the flow of traffic in the desired direction.",
"| Means to form an angled excavation face, usually less than the natural angle of repose, to prevent ground collapse.",
"| A continuous frame with vertical or horizontal sheathing planks placed side by side to form a continuous retaining wall supported by other shoring parts to hold up an excavated face.",
"| A person who has acquired through training, qualification, or experience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.",
"| An excavation in open ground which can vary in shape and size often defined by adjacent services or buildings.",
"| The parts of a construction project that will be used and remain in position for a long time (eg 60 years). This includes buildings and structures such as bridges, roads, retaining walls, etc.",
"| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it means any person (including a legal entity) running a business or undertaking. For example, a limited liability company, partnership, trust, incorporated society, etc.",
"| Usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest horizontal dimension at the surface. Generally, beyond a depth of around 10 m, an excavation becomes a shaft. Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, underground tanks and the like. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other types of foundations or to access and/or locate existing services to maintain them.",
"| Risks arise from people being exposed to a hazard (a source of harm). Risk can be described as the likelihood certain consequences (death, injury, or illness) occur when a person is exposed to a hazard.",
"| The steepest slope at which an excavated face is stable against slips and slides, having regard to the qualities of the material in the face, the height of the face, the load above the face and the moisture conditions for the time being existing.",
"| A vertical or inclined way or opening from the surface downwards or from any underground working, the dimensions of which (apart from the perimeter) are less than its depth.",
"| Vertical, close-spaced, or interlocking planks of steel, reinforced concrete or other structural material driven to form a continuous wall ahead of the excavation and supported either by tie-backs into solid ground structural members from within the excavation as the work proceeds. The use of timber, steel or other structural material to support an excavation in order to prevent collapse so that construction can proceed.",
"| A system of working covering how a piece of work or a project will be completed safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.",
"| Describes an arching eff ect some types of shoring create by slightly compressing soil in without allowing the soil to move outward.",
"| A static load is the effect of gravity on an object or structure. For example the weight of a bridge.",
"| The parts of a construction project that allow permanent works to be built. Usually they are removed after use (eg access scaffolds and shoring).",
"| Structural member used to hold soldiers against an excavated face or to press walers apart in a close sheeted excavation.",
"| A long narrow excavation, deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface along its length. Trenches are generally excavated to install or maintain underground services or to otherwise investigate beneath the ground surface.",
"| A steel or metal structure with two vertical side plates permanently braced apart by cross frames or struts designed to resist the pressure from the walls of a trench and capable of being moved as a unit.",
"| PCBUs who design, manufacture, import or supply plant, substances or structures, or who install, construct or commission plant or structures.",
"| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it is a person who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU. It covers almost all working relationships, including employees, contractors, sub-contractors, and volunteers.",
"| A WES is the level of a substance in the air that is believed to be safe for nearly all workers repeatedly exposed, day after day, to that substance. The values are usually calculated based on exposure over eight hours, 15 minutes or, in some cases, instantaneous exposure.",
"| Means the volume of soil around the excavation where actions may influence the excavation’s stability (eg vehicles, plant, or spoil) or where the excavation may influence the stability of any nearby structure.",
"While this guidance has not been updated to reflect current work health and safety legislation (the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and regulations), it may still contain relevant information and practices to keep workers and others healthy and safe.",
"Please read this guidance in conjunction with all relevant industry standards that apply to you as a PCBU. This guidance will be progressively reviewed and either updated, replaced with other guidance, or revoked.",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "Excavation safety | WorkSafe\n\nSkip Links\n\nSkip to Main Content\n\nNotify WorkSafe\n\nExcavation\n\n# Excavation safety\n\nThis guideline provides practical guidance to manage health and safety risks\nassociated with excavation work.\n\nDownload:\n\nExcavation safety (PDF 5 MB)\n\n## Summary\n\n### Key points\n\n * Avoid underground services and make sure not to undermine nearby structures – use safe digging practice and dig away from them.\n * Check the excavation each day before starting work and after any event that may affect its stability.\n * Provide safe access to get in and out.\n * Prevent collapse – shore, bench, or batter back. Do not assume ground will stand unsupported.\n * Prevent people and materials falling in – with barriers strong enough not to collapse if someone falls against them.\n\n## 01 / Introduction\n\nExcavation failures are particularly dangerous because they may occur quickly,\nlimiting the ability of workers (and in some cases others nearby) to escape,\nespecially if the collapse is extensive.\n\nThe speed of an excavation collapse increases the risk associated with this\ntype of work. The consequences are significant as the falling earth can bury\nor crush any person in its path resulting in death by suffocation or internal\ncrush injuries.\n\n### 1.1 Scope and application\n\nThis guideline is for persons conducting a business or undertaking (PCBUs),\nworkers, upstream PCBUs, and competent people involved in excavation work.\n\nAll work involving excavations must comply with the requirements of the Health\nand Safety at Work Act 2015 (HSWA) and all relevant regulations, including the\nHealth and Safety in Employment Regulations 1995 (the HSE Regulations) and the\nHealth and Safety at Work (General Risk and Workplace Management) Regulations\n2016 (the GRWM Regulations).\n\nThis guideline does not apply to shafts associated with mining operations, or\ntunnelling operations, which are regulated under the Health and Safety at Work\n(Mining Operations and Quarrying Operations) Regulations 2016 (the MOQO\nRegulations).\n\nFor more information on the specific regulations relating to excavation work,\nsee Appendix A: Legal framework.\n\nSome industries have guidelines that deal with specific problems faced in\ntheir working environments, such as the electricity sector or plant and\nmachinery hire. When deciding how to do a job safely, make sure to check any\nindustry specific guidance.\n\n### 1.2 What is excavation work?\n\nExcavation work generally means work involving the removal of soil or rock\nfrom a site to form an open face, hole or cavity, using tools, machinery or\nexplosives.\n\nExcavation work can occur anywhere, including:\n\n * on construction sites\n\n * on business premises\n\n * in public areas.\n\nExcavation work includes:\n\n * open excavations\n\n * potholing\n\n * pit excavations\n\n * trenches and retaining walls\n\n * shafts and drives\n\n#### Open excavations\n\nAn excavation in open ground is an open excavation and can vary in shape and\nsize.\n\nFigure 1: Open excavation\n\n#### Potholing\n\nPotholing is usually a small excavation or inspection hole to find underground\nservices.\n\nFigure 2: Pot hole\n\n#### Pit excavations\n\nPit excavations are usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest\nhorizontal dimension at the surface.\n\nPits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or\nunderground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other\ntypes of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\n\nPit excavations are usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest\nhorizontal dimension at the surface.\n\nPits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations, or\nunderground tanks. They are also excavated to construct pile caps and other\ntypes of foundations or to access or locate existing services.\n\nFigure 3: Pit excavations\n\n#### Trenches and retaining walls\n\nA trench is a long narrow excavation which is deeper than it is wide, and open\nto the surface along its length.\n\nTrenches are generally excavated to install or maintain underground services\nor to investigate what is beneath the surface.\n\nFigure 4: Trench\n\nWhen a retaining wall is built, an open excavation becomes a trench formed by\nan excavated face on one side, and a retaining wall on the other. Usually\nworkers need to access this trench to work, for example for waterproofing the\nretaining wall.\n\nFigure 5: Trench constructed by putting up a retaining wall\n\n#### Shafts and drives\n\nSinking a shaft involves constructing a vertical excavation with access and\nspoil removal from the top.\n\nDrives are small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or\nelsewhere, for example, under roads. Cutting a drive is particularly hazardous\nas it introduces the risk of trapping workers with no alternative escape\nroute.\n\nShafts and drives are often constructed to provide access or ventilation to a\ntunnel. Shallow shafts can be sunk for investigating or constructing\nfoundations, dewatering, or providing openings to underground facilities.\n\nFigure 6: Shaft\n\n## 02 / Roles and responsibilities\n\nHSWA defines the roles and responsibilities of different duty holders. These\ninclude PCBUs, officers, workers and other persons at workplaces.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s special guide Introduction to the Health\nand Safety at Work Act 2015.\n\n### 2.1 Person conducting a business or undertaking\n\nWhile a PCBU may be an individual or an organisation, usually the PCBU will be\nan organisation, for example a business entity such as a company.\n\nAll PCBUs must ensure, so far as is reasonably practicable, the health and\nsafety of workers and other people are not put at risk by their work. This is\nthe primary duty of care.\n\nThe primary duty of care includes, so far as is reasonably practicable:\n\n * providing and maintaining:\n\n * a work environment without risks to health and safety\n\n * safe plant and structures\n\n * safe systems of work\n\n * ensuring safe use, handling and storage of plant, structures and substances\n\n * providing adequate and accessible welfare facilities for workers\n\n * providing information, training, instruction or supervision necessary to protect all persons from risks to their health and safety from work\n\n * monitoring workers’ health and conditions at the workplace to prevent injury or illness.\n\nA PCBU that manages or controls a workplace must ensure, so far as is\nreasonably practicable, the workplace, the means of entering or exiting the\nworkplace, and anything arising from the workplace are without health and\nsafety risks to any person. For example, before leaving the site unattended\nfor the night, make sure it and any plant and equipment are safe and secure.\n\n#### PCBUs with overlapping duties\n\nMore than one PCBU can have a duty to the same matter. Where this happens the\nPCBUs have overlapping duties. This might happen in a:\n\n * shared workplace (eg a building site), where more than one PCBU and its workers control and influence the work on site\n * contracting chain, where contractors and sub-contractors provide services to a principal contractor and client.\n\nPCBUs that share no contractual relationship may still share overlapping\nduties, such as when they work on the same site.\n\nPCBUs must discharge their overlapping duties to the extent they have the\nability to influence and control the matter, and must so far as is reasonably\npracticable, co-operate, co-ordinate and consult with others in the workplace.\nFor example:\n\n * Two individual contractors agree to co-ordinate their obligations for providing first aid equipment or personal protective equipment (PPE).\n * A utility company agrees to co-operate with the PCBU in locating the underground services before the excavation work starts.\n\n#### Upstream PCBUs\n\nThere are further duties for PCBUs (called upstream PCBUs) who:\n\n * design plant, substances or structures\n * manufacture plant, substances or structures\n * import plant, substances or structures\n * supply plant, substances or structures\n * install, construct or commission plant or structures.\n\nUpstream PCBUs infl uence and sometimes eliminate health and safety risks\nthrough, for example, designing or manufacturing products that are safe for\nthe end user. Upstream PCBUs must consider potential health and safety risks\nof their products that could reasonably be expected to be used at a workplace.\n\nDesigners of temporary works or suppliers of plant used by the PCBU are\nexamples of upstream PCBUs in excavation work.\n\n#### Worker engagement, participation and representation\n\nPCBUs can ensure a safe workplace more effectively when everyone involved in\nthe work:\n\n * communicates with each other to identify hazards and risks\n * talks about any health and safety concerns\n * works together to find solutions.\n\nPCBUs have two main worker engagement duties under HSWA to:\n\n * engage with workers on health and safety matters that affect or are likely to affect them, so far as is reasonably practicable\n\n * have practices that give workers reasonable opportunities to participate effectively in the ongoing improvement of workplace health and safety.\n\nBoth duties involve two-way communication in a ‘conversation’ about health and\nsafety. Everyone involved in health and safety must be able to contribute and\nhave their opinion considered when decisions are made.\n\nHave deliberate, planned ways to engage and support participation. Each PCBU\ncan determine the best way to meet its duties, depending on workers’ views and\nneeds, the size of the organisation and the nature of its risks.\n\n### 2.2 Workers\n\nA worker is an individual who carries out work in any capacity for a PCBU and\nincludes employees, contractors, sub-contractors, apprentices and trainees,\nand volunteer workers. Workers’ responsibilities include:\n\n * taking reasonable care of their own health and safety\n\n * taking reasonable care what they do (or fail to do) does not cause harm to any other person\n\n * operating with any reasonable health and safety policy or procedure of the PCBU\n\n * complying, so far as reasonably able, with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, so the PCBU can comply with the law\n\n * in relation to PPE:\n\n * using or wearing PPE in accordance with any information, training or reasonable instruction given by the PCBU\n\n * not intentionally misusing or damaging the PPE\n\n * telling the PCBU when they become aware the PPE is damaged or defective, or when it needs to be cleaned or decontaminated.\n\n### 2.3 Officers\n\nAn officer is a person with a specific role in an organisation or a person\nwith the ability to exercise significant influence over the management of the\nbusiness or undertaking. Organisations can have more than one officer. An\nofficer includes, for example, company directors, and chief executives.\n\nOfficers have a duty to exercise due diligence to ensure the PCBU complies\nwith their duties under HSWA. Each officer has a duty – it is not a joint\nduty.\n\n### 2.4 Other people at the workplace\n\nOther people at a workplace must take reasonable care of their own health and\nsafety and that of others. However, PCBU’s have the most influence and control\nover what has created the risk at the workplace, and have the primary duty of\ncare to ensure other people’s health and safety is not at risk from the work.\n\nOther people at a workplace potentially at risk from work activities include\nvolunteers, customers, passers-by, visitors, other PCBUs, or workers of\nanother entity.\n\nThink broadly about the work and make sure, so far as is reasonably\npracticable, other people’s health and safety is not put at risk from work\nbeing done or from anything else at the workplace.\n\n### 2.5 Competent person\n\nIn this guideline, ‘competent person’ refers to the temporary works designer,\nwho should be competent to assess and manage the risks relevant to the\nexcavation’s depth and have a working knowledge of this guideline. A competent\nperson is a person who has acquired through training, qualification or\nexperience the knowledge and skills to carry out a task.\n\nTable 1 and table 2 (below) set out some recommended competencies for this\ncompetent person. The tables show what level of competence is appropriate for\nincreasingly complex excavations.\n\nOn sites requiring multiple schemes or different temporary works disciplines,\none competent person may not have experience across all the disciplines of\ntemporary works and may require additional technical support on site.\n\nEach excavation has its own unique set of considerations to address during the\ndesign process, some of which may not be immediately apparent. Therefore, make\nan assessment of the appropriate level of competence for each individual\nexcavation.\n\nExperience and competence can be gained via different routes and with lesser\nqualifications (subject to formal assessment of individual skills) or\nexemptions made where close supervision/mentoring is provided by others. In\nsome workplaces, the same person could fulfil a number of roles (such as\ndesigner and supervisor), depending on their level of competency.\n\nCompetency is based on recent knowledge, training, understanding, and\nexperience with a wide variety of considerations, some of\n\nwhich are:\n\n * soil type, weight and strength\n\n * ground water\n\n * sloping ground\n\n * surcharges or vibrations that could destabilise the excavation, such as vehicles, buildings or stockpiled materials\n\n * the potential for the excavation to disturb or damage nearby structures, underground or overhead services\n\n * safe working methods and construction methodologies\n\n * availability and capacity of equipment and temporary works.\n\nOnly a competent person should be designing temporary works. Before producing\nany final design documents and safety report, consider:\n\n * the design of the shoring\n\n * any effects of the excavation on nearby structures\n\n * safe work methods\n\n * controls.\n\nExcavation depth and type - normal conditions(1)\n\n|\n\nRecommended competency \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Up to 1.5 m\n\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6)\n\n| Recent experience in carrying out or supervising excavation work \n \n##### 1.5 m - 3 m\n\n * Flat, open ground, no surcharge\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6)\n\n|\n\n * Recent experience in carrying out or supervising excavation work at these depths\n\n * Technical or trade qualification (eg as a civil engineer or drain layer)\n\n \n \n##### 3 m - 6 m\n\n * Flat, open ground, no surcharge\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered (eg shored) as per table 6, waller and brace solution up to 6 m in depth)\n\n|\n\n * Technical or trade qualification (eg as a civil engineer or drain layer)\n\n * Recent experience in carrying out or supervising\n\n * excavation work in similar ground at these depths\n\n * Experienced temporary works designer(3) able to interpret the site's soil information\n\n * Monitoring recommended(4)\n\n \n \nTable 1: Recommended competencies for excavation work\n\nEXCAVATION DEPTH AND TYPE – COMPLEX CONDITIONS NOT COVERED IN TABLE 1(5)\n\n|\n\nRECOMMENDED COMPETENCY \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Up to 3 m\n\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered sides\n\n|\n\n * Experienced temporary works designer (2) able to judge whether it is safe\n\n * Monitoring required (4)\n\n \n \n##### Over 3 m\n\n * Requiring detailed analysis of site, significant structural design analysis and sound engineering judgement\n * Shored,(2) benched and/or battered sides\n * All sheet piled excavations (cantilevered, propped, or ground anchored), and excavations shored with H-pile shoring and lagging\n * Shafts and drives framed with timber or steel with poling boards, lagging or laths. Supported by pre-cast concrete, steel caissons/plates etc\n\n|\n\n * Experienced temporary works designer (2) able to judge whether it is safe\n\n * Monitoring required (4)\n\n * Can provide producer statements: PS1-design, and PS4-construction review\n\n \n \nTable 2: Recommended competencies for more complex excavation work\n\n(1) Generally flat open ground, with little or no surcharge loading,\nfavourable ground conditions, off set from nearby structures and sensitive\ninfrastructure. Groundwater can be controlled with simple methods, such as a\nsump pump arrangement.\n\n(2) Shoring that comes with documents stating what depths or soil pressure it\ncan be used to (eg slide-rail shoring). Alternatively, shoring designed to\nspecific soil load profiles (eg trench shields).\n\n(3) Through training qualifications or experience, has acquired the knowledge\nand skills to competently excavate to this depth, for example:\n\n * someone who has industry training and expertise, experience, knowledge and skills to excavate to this excavation’s depth and type\n\n * a Chartered Professional Engineer with experience designing temporary works, holding formal Engineering qualifications (eg Civil, Structural or Geotechnical).\n\n(4) Can verify the design and carry out monitoring, depending on the risks\nidentified in the risk assessment\n\n(5) The conditions may include very weak or sensitive soils, groundwater that\nrequire specialist dewatering or locations near structures and sensitive\ninfrastructure. These conditions would result in an elevated risk when\nconstructing the excavation.\n\n## 03 / Managing risks\n\nRisk management involves thinking more broadly about risk, not just spotting\nwork-related hazards. Think about the root cause of any harmful event, the\nlikelihood it will occur, the consequences if it does and the steps to take to\neliminate or minimise the risk.\n\nPCBUs must manage all health and safety risks with excavation work. Remember\nto consult, co-operate and co-ordinate with other PCBUs and to engage with\nworkers.\n\nTo manage risks:\n\n * identify hazards that could reasonably foreseeably create a risk to health and safety\n\n * eliminate the risk so far as is reasonably practicable\n\n * if it is not reasonably practicable to eliminate the risk – minimise the risk so far as is reasonably practicable\n\n * maintain the implemented controls so they remain effective\n\n * review, and if necessary revise controls to maintain, so far as is reasonably practicable, a work environment that does not have risks to health and safety.\n\nFigure 7: Risk management as a continual process\n\n### 3.1 Identify hazards\n\nThe first step in the risk management process is to identify hazards which\ncould injure or harm anyone. A good hazard identification process is the key\nto risk management.\n\nIdentify hazards and controls before the work starts. It may not be possible\nto control all hazards before work starts – so identify the controls and\nimplement them when required.\n\nFor example, consider the hazards to a person:\n\n * falling into an excavation\n\n * being trapped by the collapse of an excavation\n\n * working in an excavation being struck by a falling object\n\n * working in an excavation being exposed to contaminants that take oxygen from the environment.\n\nTo manage the risks, consider all relevant matters including the:\n\n * nature of the excavation\n\n * nature of the excavation work, including the range of possible methods of carrying out the work\n\n * means of entry into and exit from the excavation.\n\nComplete and monitor hazard identification regularly to make sure controls are\nworking and that no new hazards have been introduced.\n\n#### Hazard identification methods\n\nIdentify hazards by:\n\n * physical inspections:\n\n * inspect the workplace and assess where someone could get injured by excavation activities\n\n * consider hazards that may be created by other site users, or if the excavation activities could create hazards for others (eg traffic management)\n\n * task analysis: identify the hazards involved in each task. Some workplaces use job safety analysis (JSA) or task analysis (TA) to do this\n\n * engaging with workers\n\n * process analysis: identify hazards at each stage of the work plan\n\n * consulting guidance and standards\n\n * hazard and operability analysis (HAZOP)\n\n * accident investigation analysis – identify hazards and causes of harm from investigations involving similar types of work.\n\n### 3.2 Assess risks\n\nPCBUs must manage risks that could result from work. Risks to health and\nsafety arise from people being exposed to hazards (sources of harm). Carry out\na risk assessment when:\n\n * it is uncertain a hazard may cause injury or illness\n\n * a work activity involves different hazards, and the workers involved do not know how those hazards interact to produce new or greater risks\n\n * workplace changes may impact on the effectiveness of controls > new or different risks are associated with a change in work systems or work location.\n\nPCBUs must eliminate risks so far as is reasonably practicable. If a risk\ncannot be eliminated, it must be minimised so far as is reasonably\npracticable.\n\nTo decide what is ‘reasonably practicable’, PCBUs must weigh up all relevant\nmatters. Those matters include, but are not limited to:\n\n * how likely the hazard or risk is to happen\n\n * what degree of harm the hazard or the risk might cause\n\n * how much is known about the hazard or risk and how to eliminate it\n\n * what ways are available to eliminate or minimise the risk\n\n * what ways are suitable to eliminate or minimise the risk.\n\nOnly consider cost after assessing the extent of the risk and the available\nways of eliminating or minimising the risk.\n\nThere are times when certain work risks must be dealt with in a specified way.\nFor example, there are specific requirements in regulations about dealing with\nthe risks arising from carrying out remote or isolated work or work dealing\nwith hazardous substances such as asbestos.\n\nA risk assessment will help to:\n\n * identify which workers or others are at risk\n\n * determine what sources and processes are causing that risk\n\n * determine the severity of the risk\n\n * identify if and what kind of controls should be implemented\n\n * check the effectiveness of existing controls.\n\n### 3.3 Control risks\n\nSome controls are more effective than others. Controls can be ranked from the\nhighest level of protection and reliability to the lowest. This ranking is\nknown as the hierarchy of controls.\n\nEliminating a risk is the most effective control. PCBUs must always eliminate\na risk if this is reasonably practicable.\n\nIf this is not reasonably practicable, PCBUs must minimise the risk by one or\na combination of the following:\n\n * Substitution: For example, using an excavator with a rock breaker rather than a manual method.\n\n * Isolation: Isolate means preventing contact or exposure to the risk. For example, using concrete barriers to separate pedestrians and mobile plant.\n\n * Engineering controls: For example benching, battering or shoring the sides of the excavation to reduce the risk of ground collapse.\n\nIf risk remains, it must be minimised by implementing administrative controls,\nso far as is reasonably practicable, for example by installing warning signs\nnear the excavation.\n\nMinimise any remaining risk with suitable PPE, for example hard hats, hearing\nprotectors and high-visibility vests. Administrative controls and PPE rely on\nhuman behaviour and supervision. Used on their own, they tend to be the least\neffective in minimising risks.\n\nFigure 8: Hierarchy of controls\n\nWhen choosing suitable controls, consider:\n\n * excavating plant: if quantities are large, it may be effective to use diff erent types of plant for the various materials undergoing excavation\n\n * stockpiling arrangements: another site may need to be found to temporarily stockpile materials\n\n * material placement: evaluate the methods and plant used for excavating, transporting and compacting the material\n\n * dewatering equipment\n\n * transporting the excavated material:\n\n * type of plant\n\n * length of haul\n\n * nature of the haul route\n\n * tipping or spreading conditions.\n\n### 3.4 Review controls\n\nRegularly review controls on site to make sure they are still effective.\n\nReview, and if necessary revise controls:\n\n * when the control is not effective in controlling the risk (eg if there has been an incident or near miss)\n\n * before a change at the workplace that is likely to give rise to a new or different health and safety risk that the control may not eff ectively control\n\n * if a new hazard or risk is identified\n\n * if the results of consultation indicate that a review is necessary\n\n * if a health and safety representative or committee recommends a review.\n\nCommon review methods include workplace inspections, consultation, testing and\nanalysing records and data. When reviewing controls, review the safe system of\nwork or task analysis and revise it if necessary.\n\nIf problems are found, go back through the risk management steps, review the\ninformation and make further decisions about controls.\n\n## 04 / Planning the work\n\nPlanning involves identifying the hazards, assessing risks and deciding\nsuitable controls in consultation with everyone involved in the work including\nother PCBUs, workers, competent people, and mobile plant operators.\n\nConsider the site factors, hazards and the unique characteristics of the site.\nThe nature of the excavation work will affect the selection of an excavation\nmethod and a safe system of work. The ground conditions will have a\nsignificant impact on what excavation method to select and the controls to\nuse.\n\nOther risks associated with excavation work, including any connected work such\nas construction, must also be controlled so they do not cause harm to anyone.\n\n### 4.1 Safe system of work\n\nA safe system of work sets out how a piece of work or a project will be\ncompleted safely and in compliance with relevant legislation.\n\nImplement a safe system of work before excavation work starts to make sure the\nexcavation happens in the right location with the right plant and equipment on\nsite and with the right workers with relevant competencies.\n\nMake sure to engage with workers carrying out the excavation work and their\nrepresentatives, and if you are working with other PCBUs, co-operate, co-\nordinate and consult with them so far as is reasonably practicable.\n\nA safe system of work should include:\n\n * assigning responsibilities\n\n * a task analysis\n * consulting a competent person regarding any temporary works design\n * identifying any health and safety hazards and risks\n * carrying out a risk assessment\n * describing how you will control any identified risks\n * describing how controls will be implemented, monitored and reviewed\n * accident investigation and reporting methods\n * emergency procedures.\n\nIn the event of any reactive excavation work, establish a safe system of work\nand communicate this to workers.\n\nFor more information, see:\n\n * Appendix B: Safe system of work considerations\n\n * Appendix C: Trenching checklist\n\nTable 3 provides some information to consider before starting work. These are\nthe minimum issues to consider.\n\nSite issues\n\n|\n\nPossible factors\n\n|\n\nMinimum considerations \n \n---|---|--- \n \n##### Ground conditions\n\n|\n\n * soil types\n * stability\n * ground water\n * other soil and rock properties\n * contaminated soils\n * potential for seismic hazards (such as fault rupture, liquefaction and rock fall)\n\n|\n\n * inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\n * weather conditions\n * dewatering plan\n * confirming if it is a Hazardous Activities and Industries List (HAIL) site\n * testing soil and water\n\n \n \n##### Site conditions\n\n|\n\n * surcharges\n * underground and above ground services\n * ground slope\n * adjacent buildings and structures\n * water courses (including underground)\n * trees\n * local weather conditions\n * environmental conditions\n * proximity to existing trench lines\n\n|\n\n * checking with the local authorities whether you are working on a HAIL site\n * district planning and resource consent requirements\n * works access permits\n * consents from service owners\n * WorkSafe notifications (see Appendix D: Notifications to WorkSafe)\n\n \n \n##### The excavation\n\n|\n\n * excavation depth\n * length of time the excavation will be open\n * ground support\n * if excavation may be classified as a confined space\n * the planned height of the excavated face\n * if there will be other construction activity nearby that may cause vibration\n\n|\n\n * static and dynamic loads near the excavation\n\n * consulting a competent person\n\n * deciding on a support solution\n\n * identifying all existing overhead and underground services\n\n * managing pedestrians and traffic with a traffic management plan (TMP)\n\n * securing barriers or fencing to keep members of the public and other site workers away from the excavation site\n\n \n \n##### Work methods\n\n|\n\n * specialised plant or work methods required (eg ground support)\n\n * the method(s) of transport, haul routes and disposal\n\n * what exposures might occur, such as noise, ultra-violet rays, falls or hazardous chemicals\n\n * workers will need to follow good practice for confined spaces safety\n\n * number of workers involved\n\n * possibility of unauthorised access to the work area\n\n * safe access and egress\n\n|\n\n * implementing a safe system of work or safety management system\n\n * identify hazards, assess and control risks\n\n * build in interaction with other trades\n\n * adequate facilities\n\n * emergency procedures\n\n * accident and incident procedures\n\n * contractor management\n\n * testing and checking for plant, equipment, and materials requirements\n\n * inducting and training all workers\n\n * exclusion zones where powered mobile plant will operate\n\n \n \nTable 3: Planning considerations\n\n### 4.2 Utility services\n\nServices include gas, water, stormwater, sewerage, telecommunications and\nelectricity supply, chemicals, fuel and refrigerant in pipes or lines. The\nPCBU must identify and manage hazards and risks associated with underground\nand overhead services in the planning and design stages. In the first\ninstance, contact the service owner for advice prior to works commencing.\n\nFor information on the risks of work around utility service see section 5.7\nand WorkSafe’s Guide for Safety with Underground Services.\n\nGuide for safety with underground services (PDF 349 KB)\n\n#### Establish where the services are\n\nBefore any excavation takes place workers should know what is underground and\nwhat is overhead. Consider services present until it is proven they are not\nthere.\n\n * Liaise with all service owners as there are often multiple services and multiple owners.\n\n * Some service owners provide on-site assistance to help identify services; use this assistance where available.\n\n * Make sure plans and relevant locates and mark-outs are available, get plans and mark out the services.\n\n * Accurately trace and mark out underground services. Drawings and service plans may be different from what is underground.\n\n * Keep copies of current services plans on site.\n\n * Use detection equipment that can detect services. There may be a need to use multiple types.\n\n * Knowledge about what energy sources the services actually carry is essential. Service markings and colours can vary from current national standards and the service owner should be able to provide specific information.\n\n * Check service depths as they may vary from the plan (eg the ground cover may have been altered since the service was laid). Pothole to determine service location and depth.\n\n * Make sure mobile plant access and egress is safe by checking the proximity of overhead services and the ground strength for access routes (eg check for underground drainage pipes, service ducts, soak wells, and storage tanks).\n\n#### Have processes in place\n\n * Check workers are competent to complete the tasks. This will include giving a briefing and assessing that plant, equipment (including safety and protective equipment), tools, and procedures are fit-for-purpose.\n\n * Workers should be supervised to make sure they carry out the work safely.\n\n * Identify where consents and permits are required for closer work activities. This includes:\n\n * liaising with service owners\n\n * web information and resources\n\n * understanding permit conditions\n\n * making sure workers understand what they can and cannot do\n\n * supervising and monitoring conformance.\n\n * Update the service plan arrangements with the service owners.\n\n * Reporting, emergency, and response procedures need to be in place for all identified risks and hazards.\n\n * Put processes in place for reporting incidents, damage, and defects.\n\n * Plan for emergency situations where there is incomplete information about services.\n\n * Develop response plans for workers and others safety in the event of a service strike.\n\n#### What work methods will you use?\n\n * Is the work in proximity to overhead services?\n\n * Will you expose underground services?\n\n * How will you work with the service owner and get permission? This may be required to approach services using hand-held mechanical tools, or mechanical methods, and to backfill the excavation.\n\n * How will you provide underground service plans and related information to other parties, such as other PCBUs and workers operating mobile plant?\n\n * Will you be backfilling?\n\nFigure 9: Underground services exposed by 'potholing'\n\n### 4.3 Nearby buildings or structures\n\nExcavation work may seriously affect the stability of any structure near the\nexcavation. This may lead to structural failure, or ground collapse depending\non the site’s ground conditions.\n\nConsider the excavation’s zone of influence on the stability of any nearby\nstructure and make sure the excavation does not remove any nearby structure’s\nground support.\n\nThe zone is normally at an angle from the base of the excavated face to the\nsurface. The zone’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for example\nsoil strength and density.\n\nLocal regulations or resource consent conditions may also stipulate other\ncontrols for excavating near existing structures.\n\nA competent person should:\n\n * assess any excavation near or below the footing of any structure, including retaining walls\n\n * determine if any supports to brace the structure are required.\n\nMake sure other structures near the excavation site are not adversely affected\nby vibration or concussion during the work. If hospitals and other buildings\nwith equipment sensitive to shock and vibration are nearby, consider the need\nfor special precautions.\n\nThe zone of influence’s angle will depend upon site-specific factors, for\nexample soil strength and density.\n\nThe figures below show examples of nearby structures and services that may\nrestrict the excavation.\n\nFigure 10: Building line restrictionFigure 11: Existing services\nrestrictionFigure 12: Retaining wall restriction\n\n### 4.4 Securing the work area\n\nSite security should consider all risks to workers and others. Establish the\nwork activity’s boundary before securing the work area. Each work activity may\nbe smaller than the whole workplace, so as each work activity moves its\nboundary moves with it. As the work boundary moves, so far as is reasonably\npracticable, minimise risk to workers and others outside the work activity.\n\nOther people near the work have a responsibility to take reasonable care that\ntheir actions (or lack of action) do not put themselves or others at risk.\nThey must also comply with any reasonable instruction given by the PCBU, as\nfar as they are reasonably able to.\n\nFor example, a long trench line operation secures each work activity’s\nboundary using movable security arrangements as the excavation work\nprogresses.\n\nWhen organising site security and site access, consider:\n\n * warning or hazard signs\n\n * supervising authorised visitors\n\n * the risk of unauthorised access occurring (consider schools, parks, shops or other public places, or amenities and events nearby)\n\n * pedestrians and other members of public\n\n * other workers and mobile plant on site\n\n * vehicle traffic control within and near the excavation\n\n * delivery points, including vehicle access and egress\n\n * immobilising/locking vehicles\n\n * assessing plant movement to avoid risks to other moving plant or vehicles outside the site’s perimeter\n\n * control and storage of any contaminated materials from the excavation\n\n * safe and secure storage of materials (eg hazardous substances)\n\n * control of energy sources (eg temporary mains service boxes, fuel storage)\n\n * suitably designed and constructed physical barriers (eg safety fences, lockable gates, or covers).\n\nFigure 13: Externally fenced site with internal fences\n\nSafety fences prevent people from gaining access into hazardous areas. Guard\nany excavations to which the public has or might gain access. Fence off the\narea even during times when workers are not present on site.\n\nAny safety fence should comply with the minimum requirements of NZTA’s Code of\nPractice for Temporary Traffic Management available at\nwww.nzta.govt.nz(external link)\n\nHSE Regulation 25 requires any readily accessible excavation likely to collect\nor retain water to a dangerous depth to be, so far as is reasonably\npracticable:\n\n * covered or fenced, when no worker is immediately nearby to prevent access; and\n\n * covered, fenced, or filled at the completion of the work.\n\n### 4.5 Managing traffic\n\nManage traffic, including all road users while the work takes place with a\ntemporary traffic management plan (TMP). All work on a road or work that\naffects the normal operating condition of a road must have an approved TMP.\n\nIf excavations are to take place on or near a road or transport corridor,\nobtain approval from the Road Controlling Authority, which is often the local\nauthority or NZTA.\n\nThe TMP should show how the excavation will be protected so work can go ahead\nsafely for workers and others. The TMP should show how traffic (including\ncyclists and pedestrians) will negotiate the site, for example what lanes will\nbe closed by the work, and how.\n\nIf the site will be unattended, provide a separate TMP also covering the\nprotection of any excavations by backfilling, plating, or fencing. Where work\nis located on roads controlled by a local authority, check with the local\nauthority as to what is required for appropriate traffic management.\n\nFor more information refer to NZTA’s Code of Practice for Temporary Traffic\nManagement(external link).\n\n#### Separating traffic\n\nSeparate the route used for hauling spoil from the one used by workers. If it\nis not possible to separate the traffic, forbid worker movement while spoil or\nplant is being moved, and vice versa.\n\nUnless the excavation is so shallow those outside can see and talk easily to\nthose at the face, provide an effective signalling system and interlocks that\nprevent winding gear from operating while personnel are moving.\n\nWhen mechanical haulage is used in small drives or manholes, excavate refuges\ninto the side of the drive to provide shelter from passing traffic.\n\nThe refuges should be a least 1.2 m deep by 1 m wide by 2 m high (or the\nheight of the drive if it is less than 2 m) and spaced not more than 18 m\napart. They should all be on the same side of the drive.\n\n### 4.6 Hazardous conditions\n\nPlanning considerations should include:\n\n * finding out about the current use and ground history of the work site before assessing any risk\n\n * investigating and testing if a dangerous atmosphere will be present or is likely to be present\n\n * determining if any live services, proximate water courses, or isolation failures could cause sudden flooding of the excavation\n\n * changes in conditions during work (ie disturbing sediment)\n\n * the geology (ie peat soils, methane released from soils).\n\n#### Local authority planning requirements\n\nIt is important to obtain the necessary resource consents before work starts.\nCheck your local authority’s district plan to find out if resource consents\nare necessary.\n\nContact your regional council to check whether you are working on a HAIL (6)\nsite and to make sure you comply with the Resource Management (National\nEnvironmental Standard for Assessing and Managing Contaminants in Soil to\nProtect Human Health) Regulations 2011 (NES) (7) before excavating. For more\ninformation refer to section 5.10.\n\n### 4.7 Confined spaces\n\nThe hazard identification and risk assessment can identify levels of risk that\nwill deem the excavation a confined space under certain conditions.\n\nA confined space is an enclosed or partially enclosed space, not intended or\ndesigned primarily for human occupancy, where there is a risk of one or more\nof the following:\n\n * an oxygen concentration outside the safe oxygen range\n\n * a concentration of airborne contaminant that may cause impairment, loss of consciousness or asphyxiation\n\n * a concentration of flammable airborne contaminant that may cause injury from fire or explosion\n\n * engulfment in a stored free flowing solid or a rising level of liquid that may cause suff ocation or drowning.\n\nIf the excavation’s characteristics meet the defined criteria refer to AS 2965\nConfined spaces to find out the appropriate work methods, risk management, and\nemergency planning.\n\nIf an excavation is in a confined space, undertake pre-entry planning. Make\nsure:\n\n * workers are trained in confined space entry and enough workers are available\n * entry requires a completed permit for entry\n * pre-entry tasks are established and understood by all\n * the atmosphere is tested before entry and continuously monitored during entry, if necessary\n * ventilation is installed and adequate where deemed necessary\n * an emergency plan is established, planned and workable\n * suitable standby person/s are present, trained and aware of their specific tasks in the event of an emergency\n * communication is established with the standby person/s\n * all equipment is suitable and operational, within current inspection dates, and used by workers trained in the use of the equipment.\n\nThe natural reaction to immediately enter and try to rescue a person often\nleads to the serious injury or death of the would-be rescuer/s. A suitably\ntrained and competent standby person should be present to communicate and\noversee the work being conducted. They will co-ordinate the response to any\nemergency. Emergency response planning should follow the requirements of AS\n2865.\n\nFor more information about confined spaces, see WorkSafe’s fact sheet Planning\nentry and working safely in a confined space.\n\n(6) The Hazardous Industries and Activity List is available at\nwww.mfe.govt.nz(external link)\n\n(7) The NES is available at www.mfe.govt.nz(external link)\n\n## 05 / Controlling excavation risks\n\nThis section outlines common risks that PCBUs should manage throughout any\nexcavation.\n\nFirst try and eliminate the risks but if that is not reasonably practicable,\nthen minimise them, so far as is reasonably practicable. A combination of\ncontrols may need to be used. Make sure controls prevent anyone being harmed,\nso far as is reasonably practicable. They must translate into practical\nstandards and expectations, roles, responsibilities, and processes that are\nrelevant for everyone in the supply chain.\n\nTable 4 outlines some excavation hazards and some controls to consider.\n\nConsider\n\n|\n\nExample controls \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Excavation hazards\n\n * placement of excavated materials, plant or other loads\n\n * influence on any nearby structure\n\n * previous disturbance of the ground\n\n * external actions causing instability\n\n * presence of or possible inrush of water or other liquid\n\n * hazardous substances (eg those present in the soil)\n\n|\n\n * identify safe and secure places for excavated materials, plant and other equipment\n * s input for stability and best method for support\n * processes for dewatering in place\n * assess hazardous substances and contaminated soil\n\n \n \n##### Falls and falling objects\n\n * falls from one level to another\n * earth or rock falls\n\n|\n\n * edge protection in place\n\n * safe access and egress\n\n * catch platform\n\n \n \n##### Hazardous atmosphere in an excavation\n\n|\n\n * gas and fumes monitoring\n\n * respirators – fi tted and maintained correctly\n\n \n \n##### Manual handling tasks\n\n|\n\n * using lifting devices (eg hiabs, cranes, trolleys)\n\n * manual handling training\n\n \n \n##### Natural hazards and weather\n\n|\n\n * geotechnical site assessment\n * inspecting to find out what might affect the stability of the excavation (an excavation face can appear stable for 24 hours, but may be unstable)\n\n \n \n##### Overhead services\n\n|\n\n * identification and inclusion in safe system of work\n * minimum approach distances for mobile plant and work activity from overhead lines\n * minimum approach distances for excavation and earthworks from towers and support structures\n * consents or permits\n * applying required safety measures\n\n \n \n##### Underground services\n\n * insufficient natural lighting\n\n|\n\n * traffic management plan\n * site security\n * safety fencing and signage\n * provide suitable artificial lighting\n\n \n \n##### Site safety\n\n * electricity, gas, sewerage, telecommunications, water, services\n\n * chemicals, fuel or refrigerant in pipes or lines\n\n|\n\n * service plans from each service owner\n * trace and mark out services – detecting and marking actual layout\n\n * contingencies for excavations including emergencies\n\n * assume services are present until proven otherwise\n\n * fit-for-purpose locating devices\n\n * consents and permits\n\n * exposing and identifying what and where services are\n\n * safe digging and excavation practice\n\n \n \n##### Vibration and hazardous noise\n\n|\n\n * exclusion zones\n * noise and vibration reduction at source\n * PPE\n\n \n \n_Table 4: Typical excavation hazards\n\nTable 5 outlines some shaft specific hazards and some controls to consider.\n\nConsider\n\n|\n\nExample controls \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Airborne contaminants\n\n|\n\n * install mechanical ventilation to control airborne contaminants and air temperature/humidity\n\n \n \n##### Confined space work\n\n|\n\n * confined space entry safe procedures (see AS 2865)\n\n \n \n##### Falls and falling objects\n\n|\n\n * provide appropriate fall protection (eg temporary work platforms)\n\n \n \n##### Fire or explosion/emergency exits\n\n|\n\n * emergency plan in place\n\n * emergency equipment in place\n\n * workers trained for emergency procedures\n\n \n \n##### Ground instability and removing spoil\n\n|\n\n * stabilise the ground at the head of the shaft and remove spoil\n * continuously line or support the shaft\n\n \n \n##### Hoisting and winching workers, materials, spoil and plant\n\n|\n\n * guide the working platforms and material\n\n \n \n##### Hoisting equipment\n\n * winches, ropes and hooks\n\n|\n\n * avoid overfilling material kibbles and clean kibbles before lifting\n * close shaft doors before tipping\n\n \n \n##### Communication systems\n\n|\n\n * communication systems in place\n * systems in place that will still work during emergencies\n\n \n \n##### Mobile plant\n\n|\n\n * isolate access and guard moving parts of plant and equipment\n\n \n \n##### Shaft dimensions limiting work space\n\n|\n\n * cleaning the spillage off doors, stage and any steelwork\n\n \n \n_Table 5: Shaft specific hazards\n\n### 5.1 Ground collapse\n\nGround collapse is one of the main risks of excavation work.\n\nAll excavations, no matter what depth, can be risky. Ground collapse can occur\nquickly and without warning, giving a worker virtually no time to escape,\nespecially if the collapse is extensive. A buried worker is likely to die of\nsuffocation before help arrives (either the head is buried, or the chest is so\nrestricted by the ground’s weight the worker cannot breathe).\n\nSome types of ground collapse are:\n\nFigure 14: Tension crack\n\nTension cracks usually form at a horizontal distance of 0.5 to 0.75 times the\ndepth of the excavation, measured from the top of the vertical face of the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 15: Sliding\n\nSliding (or sloughing) may occur as a result of tension cracks\n\nFigure 16: Toppling\n\nIn addition to sliding, tension cracks can cause toppling. Toppling occurs\nwhen a face shears along the tension crack line and topples into the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 17: Subsidence and bulging\n\nAn unsupported excavation can create an unbalanced stress in the soil which,\nin turn, causes subsidence at the surface and bulging of the face. If\nuncorrected, this condition can cause face failure and trap workers in the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 18: Base heave\n\nDownward pressure created by the adjoining soil’s weight causes base heave\n(8). This pressure causes a bulge in the bottom of the cut. Base heave can\noccur even when using shoring.\n\nFigure 19: Boiling\n\nBoiling is an upward water fl ow into the bottom of the excavation. A high\nwater table is one of the causes of boiling. Boiling produces a ‘quick’\ncondition in the bottom of the excavation, and can occur even when using\nshoring.\n\n#### Stability of an excavation\n\nAn excavated face’s stability depends on the strength of the soil in the face\nbeing greater than any stresses. Some situations that increase soil stress in\nan excavated face and may lead to failure in bad weather, under extra load or\nvibration are:\n\n * deep cuts and steep slopes, by removing the natural side support of the excavated material\n\n * loads on the ground surface near the top of the face, such as excavated material, digging equipment or other construction plant and material\n\n * shock and vibration, caused by pile-driving, blasting, passing loads or vibration producing plant (eg compacting and drilling plant)\n\n * water pressure from groundwater flow, which fills cracks in the soil, increases horizontal stresses and may undermine the excavation\n\n * saturated soil increasing the soil’s weight and sometimes the volume > natural hazards like floods or earthquakes (eg earthquakes can cause soil liquefaction).\n\nSome conditions that may reduce soil strength are:\n\n * excess water pressure in sandy soil which may cause boiling and saturate the soil and increase its plasticity\n\n * soil dryness may reduce cohesion in sandy soil and soils with high organic content, which then crumble easily\n\n * prolonged stress, may cause plastic deformity (squeezing or flowing)\n\n * prolonged inactivity at an excavation site; reassess the soil before work begins.\n\n#### Ground investigations\n\nWeak, saturated, or otherwise unfavourable ground can have a significant\neffect on the construction and performance of an excavation. Consider having\nground investigations and geotechnical assessments for excavations that are\ncomplex or may affect nearby structures or harm workers and others nearby. The\nground investigation and geotechnical assessments should include:\n\n * advice on the suitability of different sites or distinct areas of a site for placing structures or services\n\n * suitable and economic design of both temporary and permanent works\n\n * a method to identify and evaluate possible problems in constructing temporary and permanent works\n\n * a process to reduce the risk of unforeseen ground conditions. This will decrease the need for changes in design and construction methods.\n\n### 5.2 Prevent ground collapse\n\nIf excavation work is planned without shoring, the continuing safety of the\nexcavation will depend on the conditions arising during construction. If the\nconditions during construction are not as expected, or if conditions change\nduring the course of the work (eg different soils, heavy rain/flooding) take\nimmediate action to protect workers, other people and property.\n\nExcavations shallower than 1.5 m have been known to collapse. If a worker is\nin the excavation and bending over or crouching down at the time of the\ncollapse, he or she may suffer serious injury. PCBUs must consider the risks\nassociated with these excavations and determine if special precautions or work\nmethods are necessary, for example shoring.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nThere are three main types of controls to prevent ground collapse. Make sure\nto use one or more of the following controls to support all sides of the\nexcavation:\n\n * Benching and battering stepping or sloping of the face, side, or wall of an excavation.\n\n * Shorting prevents collapse by maintaining positive pressure on the sides of the excavation, protecting workers.\n\n * Shields do not ensure stability but protect workers from ground collapse, by preventing the collapsing material falling onto them.\n\nNo matter how deep an excavation is, if there is a risk of collapse, put\ncontrols in place to prevent this. Involve a competent person when selecting\nwhat ground collapse controls to apply.\n\nA combination of controls may be most effective, depending on the work\nenvironment and characteristics of the excavated material. In built-up areas\nor streets the excavation may have to be fully or partly sheeted, or supported\nto prevent collapse due to localised vehicle movement and vibration.\n\nIf shoring is impracticable or unreasonable, make sure a competent person\ncertifies any other safety precautions put in place as adequate. The competent\nperson’s advice should state the time period it applies to, and may be subject\nto a condition that specified natural occurrences may create a risk of\ncollapse.\n\nA report from a competent person can provide information on the stability and\nsafety of an excavation. The report should include:\n\n * details of the soil conditions\n\n * any shoring or excavation support requirements\n\n * dewatering requirements\n\n * any longer term effects on stability and safety of the excavation.\n\nHSE Regulation 24 requires any excavated face more than 1.5 m high to be\nshored, so far as is reasonably practicable, unless:\n\n * the face is cut back to a safe slope, or\n\n * the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all reasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather, or\n\n * by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any worker in the vicinity, there is no danger to any worker, or\n\n * shoring is impracticable or unreasonable and other precautions have been taken to make the face as safe as possible in the circumstances.\n\nBenching is a method of preventing ground collapse by excavating the sides of\nan excavation to form one or more horizontal steps with vertical surfaces\nbetween levels.\n\n#### Regular inspection\n\nThe condition of soil surrounding excavations can change quickly when the soil\ndries out, the water table changes or water saturates the soil. A competent\nperson should frequently check the soil condition and the state of shoring,\nbenching, battering, and excavated faces for signs of earth fretting,\nslipping, slumping, or ground swelling. If necessary, the PCBU should repair\nthe excavation or strengthen the shoring from above before allowing work below\nground to continue.\n\n### 5.4 Shoring\n\nFigure 22: Combination of benching and battering controls\n\n### 5.3 Benching and battering\n\nBenching and battering of excavation walls can minimise the risk of soil or\nrock slipping onto the excavation.\n\nA competent person should design controls considering:\n\n * soil type\n\n * soil moisture content\n\n * planned height of the excavated face\n\n * any surcharge loads acting on the excavated face.\n\nIt is not necessary to bench or batter excavated faces which a competent\nperson determines are in stable rock, or has assessed there is no risk of\ncollapse. If benching or battering excavated walls, do not exceed the soil\ntype’s angle of repose unless designed by a competent person and certified in\nwriting.\n\nBenches should be wide enough to stabilise the slope to prevent spoil falling\ninto the excavation. They should also be sloped to reduce the possibility of\nwater scouring. When designing the face, slopes and widths of benches,\nconsider any earthmoving machinery that may be used and any related haul\nroutes.\n\nSometimes it may be appropriate to use a combination of benching and battering\non an excavation.\n\nFigure 20: Benching control\n\nBattering is where the wall of an excavation is sloped back to a predetermined\nangle to ensure stability. Battering reduces the risk of ground collapse by\ncutting the excavated face back to a safe slope.\n\nFigure 21: Battering controls\n\nShoring provides support to excavated faces to prevent soil moving and ground\ncollapsing. If the ground is not self-supporting, and benching or battering is\nnot suitable, use shoring to manage the risk of a person being buried or\ntrapped during excavation work.\n\nWhen choosing shoring as a control use certified proprietary or non-\nproprietary systems, within their rated load capacity limits according to\nmanufacturer or supplier instructions.\n\nInvolve a competent person when selecting what shoring to use. This is to make\nsure the shoring is fit for purpose. Otherwise, a competent person should\ndesign the shoring for the specific workplace conditions.\n\nIf risks remain for those installing shoring, put other suitable controls in\nplace to ensure the health and safety of workers entering the excavation.\n\nShore the excavated face as the excavation work progresses. If using mobile\nplant, assess the risk to find out if any part of the excavation may be left\nunsupported.\n\nAs part of your safe system of work, make sure workers do not enter any\nunprotected part of the excavation. If the shoring is being progressively\ninstalled workers should not work ahead of the shoring.\n\nShoring should extend above ground level if practicable, or at least to ground\nlevel if that is not practicable, for example where covers may need to be\nplaced over the excavation at night. If the shoring does not extend to at\nleast ground level, bench or batter the excavation and make sure the shoring\ncan take the surcharge load.\n\nHSE Regulation 24 requires that any shoring, so far as is reasonably\npracticable: consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which\nthey are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the\nparticular use\n\n * consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are to be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use\n\n * has bracings, jacks, and struts securely held to prevent accidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or spikes\n\n * be placed properly by an experienced person under competent supervision\n\n * not be altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions of the employer or a representative of the employer.\n\n#### Flying shoring\n\nWhen using shoring, it may be possible to excavate below the base of the\nshoring, that is: ‘flying shoring’.\n\nTo do this, excavate to a maximum depth of 600 mm below the base of the\nshoring, if:\n\n * the shoring is designed to resist the forces calculated for the full depth of the excavation, and\n\n * there are no indications, while the excavation is open, of instability below the bottom of the shoring.\n\nControl the risk of ground collapse and carefully visually inspect for any\neffects of:\n\n * bulging\n\n * base heave\n\n * boiling\n\n * surcharge loading\n\n * vibration and other forces.\n\nFigure 23: Flying trench-shoring box\n\n#### Shoring that uses soil arching\n\nShoring that slightly compresses soil without allowing the soil to move\noutward can produce an arching effect in the soil. This is ‘soil arching’.\n\nSoil arching allows excavated walls shored with struts to stand even with no\nsheeting or lagging between the struts, without the soil behind flowing out.\n\nSoil arching does not reduce the total soil load, but distributes it to the\nshoring and away from the excavated face.\n\nThe ability for shoring to use soil arching depends on the consistency of the\nsoil. Both cohesive and non-cohesive soils will experience soil arching to\nsome extent. Generally for soil arching to work there has to be a small amount\nof soil movement, but soils lacking cohesion are usually not good candidates.\n\nShoring that uses soil arching is generally only suitable for excavations less\nthan 2 m deep and where each section of the excavation is open for less than\none week.\n\nMake sure to follow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s advice on spacing\nrequirements and recommended preload pressures for shoring; however the closer\nthe shoring is, the better soil arching works.\n\nWhen using shoring, make sure:\n\n * the soil is good enough for the excavation to stand when excavated\n\n * to install support as soon as practicable\n\n * to achieve at least minimum pressure when pumping out hydraulic support and to maintain it\n\n * to use a minimum of three sets of support with a maximum spacing of 1.5 m\n\n * to minimise the length of time the excavation is open.\n\nSome ravelling, or soil falling off the excavated face between the support may\noccur but this will not compromise the shoring. Use backing boards or lagging\nto eliminate or minimise ravelling.\n\nFigure 24: Hydraulic soldier shoring using soil arching\n\n#### Removing shoring\n\nRemove shoring and all supports in a way that protects workers from ground\ncollapse, structural collapse, or being struck. To keep workers safe,\ntemporary structural members may need to be installed before any removal\nbegins.\n\nWhen removing shoring, take apart and extract it in reverse order to its\ninstallation. Workers should not work outside the protection of the shoring.\nNo part of a shoring system should be removed until the excavation is ready\nfor final backfill and compaction.\n\n#### Types of shoring\n\n##### Trench-shoring boxes, manhole boxes and trench shields\n\nA trench-shoring box is able to withstand the forces imposed by ground, water,\nor surcharge loads. It will protect workers within it, as well as prevent\nground collapse. This is achieved by ‘digging and pushing’ the box into the\nground as the excavation proceeds, maintaining positive pressure on the\nexcavated faces at all times.\n\nFigure 25: Trench-shoring box\n\nManhole boxes are a subset of trench-shoring boxes. They are designed and\nconstructed using the same methods and materials as trenchshoring boxes. Most\nmanhole boxes are installed using the ‘dig and drop’ method. If ground\nconditions are poor enough that the dig and drop method is not practical,\nconsider digging and pushing manhole box shoring, corner-slide rails or\nhydraulic brace and sheet systems.\n\nFigure 26: Manhole box\n\nTrench shields are different to trench-shoring boxes as they are only designed\nto protect workers if a collapse occurs. Trench shields are designed to be\ninstalled using the dig and drop method and dragged along as work progresses.\n\nFigure 27: Trench shield\n\nUsing trench-shoring boxes and shields correctly makes it safe for workers\nentering the excavation, while protecting any nearby services or structures.\nMake sure enough trench-shoring boxes and shields are used to suitably protect\nworkers, as the ends remain open, exposing workers near the ends to falling\nmaterial. Workers should not work near each end. The length of pipes or\nservices to install usually determines the number of trench-shoring boxes to\nuse.\n\nUse trench-shoring boxes and shields where access is available for an\nexcavator or backhoe to install or extract it from a trench. They are normally\nnot suitable where access is difficult and ground conditions prevent the use\nof lifting equipment.\n\nTrench-shoring boxes and trench shields should not exceed their maximum\ndesigned load. To reduce the load and depth of the excavation, use benching\nand battering practices.\n\nSuitably maintain trench-shoring boxes and shields or they may fail\nunexpectedly, particularly if they are damaged. Follow the manufacturer’s or\nsupplier’s instructions for installing, using, removing, and maintaining them.\nRegularly inspect them for damage and have a competent person approve any\nmodifications.\n\nFollow the manufacturer’s or supplier’s instructions when storing or\ntransporting trench-shoring boxes and shields. Heavy-duty equipment may\nrequire disassembly for transport.\n\nFor more information on trench-shoring boxes, including specific soil and\nsurcharge profiles refer to AS 47441: Steel shoring and trench lining\nequipment.\n\n#### Slide-rail or rolling-strut shoring\n\nFigure 28: Slide-rail or rolling-strut shoring\n\nSlide-rail shoring is diff erent from trench-shoring boxes and shields,\nbecause all parts including posts, panels, and rolling-strut assemblies move\nduring the excavation. Slide-rail shoring features vertical rail posts and\npanels designed and manufactured to slide relative to each other to dig the\nshoring into the ground. The rolling-strut allows the struts to move up and\ndown the sliderail post during installation.\n\nSlide-rail shoring is available in parallel configurations for trenches or\nrectangular confi gurations for deep pit excavations.\n\nSlide-rail shoring may be used as an alternative to interlocked sheet-pile and\nH-pile shoring. Slide-rail shoring is normally effective to depths of up to 9\nm.\n\nEvaluate slide-rail shoring alongside other deep shoring systems, especially\nsheet-pile and H-pile systems. All three systems work best in poor ground\nconditions such as loose sands, gravels, and soft cohesive clays.\n\nInstall slide-rail shoring as the excavation work is progressing. Slide-rail\nshoring is designed so no void is left in the ground after it is removed. The\nrail posts and panels can be raised simultaneously with the backfi ll\noperation.\n\n#### Steel sheet piling and steel trench sheeting\n\nFigure 29: Steel sheet piling with internal waling supportFigure 30: Guide\nframed steel trench sheeting\n\nSteel sheet piling is normally used on major excavations such as large\nbuilding foundations, where large embankments need to be held back, or where\nthe excavation is near adjoining buildings. Install sheet piling before any\nexcavation work begins. A competent person should install the sheet piling.\n\nUse sheet piling when the ground is so unstable that sidewall collapse is\nlikely while excavating, for example, in loose and running sand.\n\nSheet piles are available in various lengths, thicknesses and profi les and\ninterlock to provide a continuous wall.\n\nSheet piling is usually driven well below the excavation’s base. Sheet piling\nis eff ective in high groundwater conditions preventing soil escaping behind\nthe excavated walls, and when base heave is a risk because of weak soils.\n\nNormally sheet piles are pre-driven using heavy equipment and vibrating head\ntechnology. Minimise noise and vibrations as well as damage to adjacent\nstructures while installing sheet piling.\n\nWhile installing sheet piling make sure the load does not exceed the piling’s\ndesigned load capacity. For deep pits this normally requires welded steel\nframes to be designed and built into the installation. Alternatively, a\ncompetent person should design the installation of any proprietary hydraulic\nframes and struts.\n\nSteel trench sheeting is lighter than sheet piling and overlaps rather than\ninterlocks. It is faster and easier to install but is not capable of being\nused to the same depths of sheet piling.\n\nIt is normally positioned and pneumatically pushed into the fi nal depth as\nthe excavation progresses. Place toms, walings, or hydraulic bracing frames\nand struts into position as the soil is excavated.\n\n#### Ground anchors\n\nA ground anchor is a structural element installed in soil or rock to transfer\na tensile load into the ground. Ground anchors (sometimes referred to as ‘tie-\nbacks’) alone do not support an excavation, they form part of a larger shoring\nsystem, typically with steel sheet piling.\n\nWhen using ground anchors consider:\n\n * ground conditions\n\n * load cases\n\n * performance criteria\n\n * construction methodology\n\n * construction materials.\n\nGround anchors may be used:\n\n> in either granular or clay soils\n\n> if the excavation extends through poor ground conditions\n\n> if sensitive structures are nearby.\n\nInstall ground anchors in grout fi lled drill holes.\n\nA competent person should:\n\n * design ground anchors in accordance with commonly accepted standards, for example:\n\n * 015 Ground anchors and anchored systems\n\n * BS EN 1537 Execution of special geotechnical works – ground anchors\n\n * BS 8081 Code of practice for grouted anchors\n * perform a series of sustained static load tests on a sample of anchors to confirm they have suffi cient load capacity and meet performance criteria\n * always approve any soil removal above ground anchors.\n\nConsider having the competent person prepare producer statements:\n\n * PS1 Design\n\n * PS4 Construction review.\n\nFigure 31: Ground anchors for supporting steel sheet piling\n\n#### Hydraulic support\n\nFigure 32: Hydraulic soldier shoring\n\nHydraulic support comes in configurations from small, lightweight aluminium,\nglass-reinforced plastic (GRP) composite or aluminium soldier sets, to large\nsteel hydraulic bracing frames and struts.\n\nExcept for small soldier sets, or waler and sheet systems, hydraulic shoring\nis normally used with steel trench sheeting or sheet piles.\n\nConsider ground pressures before installing hydraulic supports. In complex\nsituations, requiring support other than small soldier sets or waler and sheet\nsystems, a competent person should design hydraulic support in consultation\nwith a geotechnical engineer. The competent person should design hydraulic\nsupport to resist the expected ground pressures and potential for collapse.\n\nProperly maintain and use hydraulic support or it may become unreliable.\nFrequently inspect pressure hoses and rams to detect abrasion, fatigue, or\ndamage such as bent or notched rams.\n\nWhen the excavation has been fully supported, dismantle the hydraulic support\nto prevent damage. Inspect, repair if necessary, and store the hydraulic\nsupports so they are not damaged before they are used next.\n\nFor more information on hydraulic shoring refer to AS 50477: Hydraulic shoring\nand trench lining lining equipment\n\nFigure 33: Hydraulic bracing frame with steel trench sheeting\n\n#### H-pile shoring\n\nFigure 34: H-pile shoring with timber lagging\n\nH-pile shoring is normally used in large open excavations or pit excavations.\nSteel H-piles are an advanced form of piling installed by drilling or driving.\nTimber lagging is normally used between the H-piles every 1.8 to 3 m. Each\nexcavation will require a site-specific design.\n\nOnly use H-pile shoring in ground which has enough soil arching potential to\npermit lagging. The soil should be above the static groundwater level, or have\nbeen dewatered. Lagging does not extend below the excavation’s base so do not\nuse H-pile shoring and lagging where there is potential for base heave or\nwater and soil flows.\n\n#### Soldier sets\n\nSoldier sets are a simple form of support mostly used in rock, stiff clays and\nin other soil types with self-supporting properties capable of generating soil\narching.\n\nUnlike closed sheeting sets, soldier sets only provide ground support at\nregular intervals and do not provide positive ground support to the whole\nexcavated face.\n\nFigure 35: Soldier sets\n\nA. Spoil heap at least 1 m clear\n\nB. Place toms safely from outside the excavation\n\nC. Spoil\n\nD. Top tom 300 mm minimum from the top\n\nE. For added side support, steel struts may replace timber toms\n\nF. 750 mm maximum spacing of toms\n\nG. Securely nail cleats to soldiers before placing soldiers\n\nH. Soldier resting securely on the bottom\n\nI. Maximum spacing between soldier sets 1.5 m\n\nJ. Soldier, minimum size 150 x 38 mm\n\nK. Tom, minimum size 150 x 38 mm\n\nL. Tom should be long enough to force soldiers firmly against excavated faces.\nTo prevent soldiers excessively bowing against irregular faces, use wood\npacking between the face and soldier\n\nM. 600 mm maximum spacing between the bottom tom and excavation floor\n\n#### Timber shoring\n\nConsider using timber shoring if continuous forms of shoring, or metal shoring\ncannot be used, for example, where services cross the excavation or need to be\nworked around.\n\nFigure 36: Timber shoring with steel trench sheeting\n\nTimber is used as lagging with H-pile shoring and sometimes for long-term\nexcavations such as pipe drilling pits.\n\nA competent person should design any timber shoring conforming to the timber\nsizes and grades specified in Table 6.\n\nTimber species and quality have a large effect on strength. Struts, walings,\nand sheeting sizes should not be less than the minimum sizes and grade\nprescribed in Table 6.\n\nTimber shoring has some specific safety issues. Installing timber shoring to\nsome extent requires workers to work inside an unshored excavation. Carefully\nplan any installation procedure as workers must be protected from becoming\ntrapped or engulfed by a cave-in. If required, use temporary intermediate\nwaling and strutting.\n\nFigure 37: Timber shoring requirements for trenches\n\n### 5.5 Excavated material and loads near excavations\n\nThe influence of any loads near the excavation can cause ground collapse. Any\nexcavated material and external actions applying a load to the ground nearby\ncan affect the excavation’s stability through the zone of influence. The zone\nis normally from the base of an excavated face to the surface. The zone’s\nangle will depend on site-specific factors.\n\nMechanical plant, vehicles, spoil, or heavy loads should not be in the zone of\ninfluence plus 1 m from an excavation unless specific design can show it can\nsupport the surcharge load.\n\nFigure 38: A shored excavation designed to carry soil loads onlyFigure 39: A\nshored excavation designed to carry soil, vehicle and spoil loads\n\nPlacing or stacking spoil near an excavated face puts workers at risk because\nit adds an extra load where it is placed or stacked. For example, placing\nspoil near the excavated face may cause it to collapse.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nUse shoring designed and installed to carry extra loads, including groundwater\npressures, saturated soil conditions and saturated spoil. Store spoil away\nfrom the excavation’s zone of influence plus 1 m.\n\nIf spoil is placed close to an excavation due to obstructions like fences,\nbuildings, or trees, the weight of the spoil may overload the excavated faces.\nIn this case, strengthen the ground support system at these locations and\nprovide barriers to prevent the material falling into the excavation.\n\nIf excavating beside an old service line, place spoil on the opposite side of\nit to prevent excessive loading on previously weakened ground.\n\nIf excavating in sloping ground decide which side of the excavation to place\nthe excavated material. Consider:\n\n * ground conditions\n\n * access to the excavation\n\n * existing underground services\n\n * needing earthmoving machinery or vehicles to work or move beside the excavation\n\n * service installation and backfilling requirements\n\n * manual work in the excavation.\n\nPlacing spoil on the lower side of the excavation will reduce the effective\ndepth of the excavation and the risk of spoil falling into the excavation.\n\nMake sure spoil placed on the high side of the excavation does not increase\nthe risk of ground collapse, flooding, or holding back run-off water. Place\nspoil so it channels rainwater and other run-off water away from the\nexcavation.\n\nFigure 40: Spoil placement on effective excavation depth\n\n### 5.6 Prevent falls\n\nWork at height means working in a place where a person could be injured if\nthey fell from one level to another. This can be above or below ground level.\nFirst try to eliminate the risk of falling, so far as is reasonably\npracticable.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nUse edge protection or fencing able to take the weight of a falling worker.\nWhere shoring extends above 200 mm, toe boards are not required.\n\nControls to minimise the risk of falling include:\n\n * fall prevention devices (eg temporary work platforms, edge protection and guard rails) work positioning systems (eg industrial rope access systems)\n\n * fall arrest systems such as catch platforms\n\n * using shoring itself (eg using trench box extensions or trench sheets taller than the excavation’s depth). Where shoring extends above 200 mm toe boards are not required\n\n * installing and securing covers over excavations during non-work times\n\n * installing guard rails and edge protection into the ground immediately around the excavation\n\n * installing landing platforms or scaff old towers inside deep excavations\n\n * securing ladders to shoring\n\n * providing clearly defined pedestrian detours\n\n * providing alternative access and egress points for emergency use\n\n * backfilling the excavation as work progresses.\n\nWhen installing effective barriers or barricades, or guard rails see\nWorkSafe’s guidelines Working at Height New Zealand.\n\n### 5.7 Safe access and egress\n\nProvide safe access and egress for all workers at all times. Keep the floor of\nthe excavation clear of anything that would impede workers’ safe egress in an\nemergency, including:\n\n * debris\n\n * loose spoil\n\n * timber\n\n * tools.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nIn excavations:\n\n * Up to 1.5 m deep, provide ladder, stairway, or ramp access and egress.\n\n * 1.5 m or more deep, provide ladder or stairway access and egress\n\n#### Using ladders\n\nUse ladders constructed of suitable materials, conforming to appropriate\nstandards, and maintain them in good condition.\n\nIf an excavation is such a small dimension that it is not reasonably\npracticable to use ladder access or egress, provide other means to allow\nworkers safe access and egress.\n\nFor every vertical rise of 6 m, break up ladder runs with intermediate\nlandings. Where ladders meet a landing, off set the ladder below from the\nladder above by at least 600 mm.\n\nUnless there are alternative handholds, extend ladders 1 m above the landing\nor the top of the excavation. Fit landing platforms with guardrails, midrails\nand/or toe boards.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s fact sheet\n\nSafe working with ladders and stepladders (PDF 218 KB)\n\n#### Using stairs and ramps\n\nUse temporary stairways in deep excavations as they provide safer access and\negress than ladders.\n\nEach fl ight of stairs should have uniform risers and provide landings of the\nsame width as the stairs for every vertical rise of 6 m.\n\nIf using ramps instead of stairs, the maximum slope should not exceed 1 in 6,\nunless traction cleats are provided at 0.5 m spacing for 1 in 5 slopes, or at\n0.4 m spacing for 1 in 4 slopes.\n\nRamps should not be steeper than 1 in 4.\n\nFigure 41: Scaffolding staircase for a safe and quick evacuation\n\n### 5.8 Manual work\n\nDuring excavation work, there will be circumstances that require some form of\nmanual work including:\n\n * hand excavation\n\n * lifting\n\n * working in close proximity to plant and other workers.\n\nTasks which may lead to manual handling injuries include:\n\n * potholing with sharp hand tools\n\n * spotting/exposing underground services in close proximity to excavator buckets\n\n * frequently accessing trenches around existing services\n\n * installing and removing shoring and fall protection\n\n * placing heavy pipes into the excavation\n\n * using compacting equipment\n\n * using breakers\n\n * using drills.\n\nManual excavation methods are generally used for small, shallow excavations\n(eg less than 1.5 m deep) in soft soils.\n\nFor some excavations, manual work such as trimming by hand will be required.\nTrimming can often be accomplished from outside the excavation by shovelling\nor pushing the material with a long-handled tool or shovel to the bottom of\nthe excavation, where it can be picked up by mobile plant.\n\nPreparatory drilling activity and hand drills may increase the risk of\nmusculoskeletal disorders, including vibration disorders.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nControls include:\n\n * creating exclusion zones around mobile plant and ground buckets – disengaging controls when spotters have to get close\n\n * keeping sites tidy and free from trip hazards and loose materials which may lead to slips\n\n * maintaining safe working spaces around workers\n\n * providing safe access and egress\n\n * rotating tasks and making sure workers take breaks\n\n * using correct lifting techniques to ensure solid footing\n\n * using plant to place and position shoring, props and plates, and remove compactors\n\n * wearing correct PPE.\n\nWhen working close to others, keep workers sufficiently far apart to prevent\ninjury. This applies particularly to work in trenches and small excavations.\n\nFor more information on controlling the risks of manual handling, refer to\nWorkSafe’s Code of practice for manual handling.\n\nControls include:\n\n * using a suitable semi or fully automatic system instead of a manually operated quick hitch system\n\n * training excavator operators on the use of quick hitches\n * ensuring that excavator operators are competent to use the specific hitch for the machine they use\n * operators only using pins designed for this specifi c use (the manufacturer-specified retaining pin must be available on the machine)\n * attachment information clearly displayed or present with the machine identifying:\n * model and serial number\n * manufacturer’s name\n * weight and maximum rated capacity\n * each lifting point’s capacity\n * setting up a system for checking that the pin is in place before starting the work and every time a diff erent attachment is fitted\n * conducting random checks to make sure precautions are implemented and followed.\n\nBefore operating the mobile plant the operator should:\n\n * check the attachment size is suitable and compatible with the quick hitch\n\n * check the quick hitch is kept in good working order\n\n * physically check the safety pin is securely in place or the automatic system has engaged correctly:\n\n * before starting work, and\n\n * when fi tting a diff erent attachment\n\n * make sure an exclusion zone is set up when using the excavator and for attachment fi tting or removal. If there are other workers on the construction site the exclusion zone applies to them, even if they are not involved in the excavator operation.\n\nFor more information on quick hitches see WorkSafe’s fact sheet using quick\nhitches safely\n\n### 5.9 Overhead and underground services\n\nWorkers and others nearby can be killed or seriously injured by striking\nservices that are overhead or underground.\n\nAvoid striking or undermining services. Good planning and supervision should\nidentify and anticipate all overhead and underground services, which will help\ndecide what activities will be allowed near the excavation work.\n\nMobile plant operators should:\n\n * know what overhead and underground services are in the vicinity\n\n * identify and mark out underground services\n\n * assume all services are live or in use unless the service owner formally advises in writing there are no risks with the service\n\n * know how far the mobile plant (eg excavator) can reach\n\n * know minimum approach distances (MADs).\n\nService\n\n|\n\nDistance away \n \n---|--- \nCables, gas transmission or high pressure pipelines| 2 m or more \nOverhead power line| 4 m or more \nPole or support stay| 5 m or more \nTower| 12 m or more \n \nTable 7: MADs to excavate with mobile plant (9)\n\nAny plant or excavation activity (including using hand-held tools) closer than\nthe MADs summarised in Table 7 requires a documented permit or consent from\nthe service owner. This should be held on site. Always check with the service\nowner, as they may have their own specific requirements for work on their\nservice.\n\nUnderstand the service owner’s permit or consent conditions for the work\nactivity and follow these while operating the plant and carrying out the\nexcavation. In some cases this may include following guidance or instructions\nfrom a service representative on site.\n\nAlways assume there are underground services at the site. Make sure the\nservices are located and confirmed by the service owner. Some service plans\nare not accurate and the actual position and depth may be quite different.\nThere may also be other unmapped services present, and services owned by diff\nerent parties.\n\nConsider:\n\n * services may be encased in concrete bases, structures, sleeve pipes or coloured ducts\n\n * some cables may not be in any duct or pipe\n\n * services can be at a shallower depth where they cross obstructions such as culverts, or where the ground surface level has changed\n\n * what actions to take in an emergency.\n\nFor more information on the risks of work near underground services, refer to\nWorkSafe’s Guide for safety with underground services.\n\n#### Mechanical excavation\n\nThe risk of striking and fracturing a service while excavating increases with\nthe use of mechanical excavation methods.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nUse plans, mark-outs, locators and safe digging practices when working near\nburied services.\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * with the service owner’s permission, use water or air vacuum methods to expose congested services\n\n * carefully dig pilot holes progressively towards the services ahead of small-step excavations. Be aware that water under pressure around electric cables with worn sheaths or old joints may cause an electrical hazard\n\n * use one or more spotters to spot obstacles or any signs of services in the excavation. Make sure spotters are a safe distance from any plant movement but still able to see and warn the operator\n\n * excavate as if expecting the unexpected\n\n * excavate alongside the services with suitable side clearance.\n\nFigure 42: Vacuum truck digging a pilot hole\n\n#### Hand-held tools\n\nUsing hand-held tools to approach closer to the point of exposing services can\nrisk fracturing a service if a strike occurs.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * use detectors to locate services laterally as excavation depth progresses, before working towards and exposing the services\n\n * dig in line with the service, not at right angles\n\n * use hand-held tools suitable for breaking hard surfaces, provided there is adequate substrate keeping the tool ends well separated from the services, including making sure:\n\n * not to thrust or spike any hand-held tools into the ground in the close vicinity of services\n\n * metallic handles and curved edges to ease covering ground away\n\n * any use of picks, bars or forks is to ease lumps or rocks away. Avoid using metal picks, bars, forks, drills, or hammers near live electrical cables\n\n * use full body cover with arc-resistant or flame-retardant materials when exposing electric cables, including anti-static properties where gas is a potential hazard.\n\nOnce services are exposed:\n\n * identify what the exposed services are:\n * Guide for Safety with Underground Services. Old or improperly marked services may vary a lot from the recommended markings\n * always treat any uncovered service as electrical or gas until identified\n * check with the service owner for their duct and marking colours and identify what the underground services are and their status.\n\n##### Live electrical work minimum approach distances\n\nFor work around live electrical services, use the MADs set out in section 9 of\nWorkSafe’s New Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe\nDistances (ECP 34). Apply MADs from the hand-held tool to the exposed service.\n\nMADs are available for non-competent persons. Reduced MADs are available\nwhere:\n\n * the owner of the live parts gives written permission\n\n * competent employees are working near exposed live parts.\n\nECP 34 defines a ‘competent employee’ as an employee who can demonstrate the\nnecessary knowledge, skills and experience to carry out electrical or\ntelecommunications work in the vicinity of overhead electric lines, or exposed\nlive metal, safely and to the standards used by the employer.\n\n#### Backfilling\n\nConsult with the service owner before backfilling. Use appropriate materials\nto preserve the support and condition of the services. Send information to the\nservices owners so they can update their service plans.\n\nFor more information on corridor access requests and corresponding work\nauthority permits refer to the New Zealand Utilities Advisory Group’s (NZUAG)\nNational Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors\navailable at www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)\n\n#### Gas service strike\n\nSparks from striking a gas line can ignite gas and cause a fire or explosion.\nIf a gas line is ruptured, nearby running plant could cause the gas to ignite.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * Use plastic (resin) intrinsically rated handheld tools or brass tools around gas services.\n\n * If inside an excavator, turn off the ignition and immediately leave it and the work area and move to a safe distance.\n\n * Turn off any other sources of ignition.\n\n#### Overhead power lines\n\nExcavating too close to overhead service support structures such as wooden\npoles can cause these to lean or collapse, putting workers and others at risk.\nBreaking communications cables can also release laser light that can damage\neyesight.\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nTo minimise risk:\n\n * carry out operator briefings to:\n\n * clarify any MADs\n\n * understand the mobile plant’s capability (ie knowing how far the mobile plant can reach)\n\n * put signs or warning labels in the cab about the MADs\n\n * temporarily earth the mobile plant\n\n * use markers and spotters\n\n * shield services\n\n * electrical hazards to mobile plant near overhead power lines and electric cables\n\n * string independently supported flag bunting 1.5 m below the span. The operator and spotter can use this as a guide. Consult the service owner to get consent before stringing any bunting.\n\nIf the service owner consents to excavating closer than the 4 m MAD:\n\n * Protect operators (including operators of remote controlled plant) from electrical hazards.\n\n * Keep people away from the mobile plant in case of electrical contact.\n\n * Have emergency response procedures in place, if electrical contact does accidently happen.\n\nFigure 43: How an excavator can come in contact with live power lines\n\nIf there is contact with live power lines, make sure:\n\n * the operator remains inside the excavator unless threatened by fire\n\n * all workers keep well clear of the excavator and anything else in contact with electricity, and shuffle to clear the area\n\n * to call the emergency service\n\n * to initiate an emergency response, including with the service owner to shut down and isolate the affected service\n\n * to restart work only when emergency service authorities and service owners authorise this.\n\nFor more safety information about work near power lines and underground\nelectic cables see the Electricty Engineers’ Association (EEA) Guide for Non-\nElectricity Industry Employees Using Mobile Plant Near Power Lines and\nElectricity Cables.\n\n### 5.10 Atmospheric contaminants\n\nExcavations can have poor natural ventilation. Control the risk of any\natmospheric contamination or build-up of gases and fumes.\n\nDangerous atmospheres can occur in excavations because of a lack of oxygen or\nthe presence of toxic gases, flammable gases, or simple asphyxiates, for\nexample:\n\n * gases (eg hydrogen sulphide)\n\n * engine fumes (eg carbon monoxide and carbon dioxide)\n * leakage from:\n * gas bottles\n * fuel tanks\n * sewers\n * drains\n * gas pipes\n * LPG tanks.\n\n#### Ground type\n\n|\n\n#### Atmospheric contaminants \n \n---|--- \nPeaty ground| methane, hydrogen sulphide \nFilled and made ground| carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide \nReclaimed land and trips| methane, carbon dioxide, hydrogen sulphide \nThermal areas| hydrogen sulphide, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, sulphur\ndioxide, methyl mercaptan \nCity streets| carbon monoxide, natural gas, carbon dioxide \nService stations| petrol and hydrocarbons, kerosene, LPG \n \nTable 8: Other potential sources of harmful gases from types of ground\n\n##### Managing the risk\n\nMaintain an atmosphere that is fit to breathe, limiting any contaminants to\nsafe levels, by:\n\n * never using plant with a combustion engine (eg air compressors, electrical generators) in an excavation if workers may potentially enter to work\n * using gas monitoring devices\n * using ventilation – whether natural, forced, or mechanical to control leaking or seeping toxic gas.\n\nTo help determine safe levels, compare the results of air monitoring to\nworkplace exposure standards. For more information, including health-\nmonitoring nformation, see WorkSafe’s Workplace Exposure Standards and\nBiological Exposure Indices\n\nVentilation systems help to maintain adequate oxygen levels and dilute\nflammable gases, fumes and certain dusts, such as coal and sulphide. These can\nignite if they are present in explosive limits. Mechanical ventilation also\nreduces dust, fumes and hazardous contaminants, and can control air\ntemperature and humidity.\n\nA competent person should design the ventilation system so it provides plenty\nof ventilation throughout the excavation. This might include adding localised\nextraction ventilation to deal with the dust, heat, or fumes from the\nexcavation. The design should allow for installing ventilation equipment or\nducting as the excavation progresses to maintain adequate air supply to the\nworking face.\n\n### 5.11 Ground and surface water\n\nWorkers should not work in excavations where water has collected or is\ncollecting, unless the necessary controls are in place.\n\nWater may collect because of:\n\n * a high groundwater table seeping into the excavation\n\n * nearby storm water drains\n\n * surface run-off after heavy rain\n\n * a nearby swamp, dam, lake, or river.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nControls may include:\n\n * shoring\n\n * dewatering techniques (ie water removal), improved by using:\n\n * cut off walls\n\n * grouting or an asphalt bund\n\n * horizontal wells\n\n * compressed air.\n\nWhen selecting the most appropriate dewatering technique, consider:\n\n * available space within and around the excavation\n\n * depth to the existing groundwater and the necessary increase in this depth to permit access to the excavation\n\n * soil permeability in and around the excavation; note: this may vary across the site\n\n * structures or underground surfaces near the excavation that may be damaged because of dewatering induced ground settlement\n\n * potential for base heave.\n\nFigure 44 and Figure 45 show two dewatering techniques.\n\nFigure 44: Traditional sump pumps control surface water at the excavation’s\nbaseFigure 45: Use well point pumping for lowering groundwater by up to 6 m\n\n### 5.12 Contaminated soils and groundwater\n\nContaminated soils and groundwater can pose a risk to human health through:\n\n * direct contact\n\n * inhaling dust or vapours\n\n * petroleum hydrocarbon contaminated soil\n\n * general landfill\n\n * suspected asbestos containing material (ACM).\n\nBefore starting any excavation work, assess the likelihood of encountering\ncontaminated soils or groundwater. If contamination is suspected or\ndiscovered, the risk to human health and the environment will require\nreassessment.\n\nHealth monitoring applies to workers if they are at risk of airborne asbestos\nexposure when carrying out ongoing asbestos-related work or asbestos removal\nwork and are at risk of exposure to airborne asbestos when doing that work.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s position statement\n\nThe Resource Management Act 1991 contains prohibitions against the discharge\nof contaminants into or onto the land, the water, or the air unless the\ndischarge is expressly allowed by a national environmental standard, a rule in\na regional plan or a resource consent.\n\nContaminated soils and groundwater can also harm the environment through:\n\n * stormwater and groundwater\n\n * dust\n\n * moving or disposing of contaminated soil.\n\nIndicators of potential contamination include, but are not limited to, unusual\nodours and discoloured or stained water seeps and soils where the land is\npotentially or actually contaminated.\n\nA land use consent may be required from the local authority to excavate or\ndisturb soils at the site. Seek further advice from a suitably qualified and\nexperienced practitioner.\n\n### 5.13 Using explosives\n\nConstruction work that uses explosives is subject to the Hazardous Substances\nand New Organisms Act 1996 (HSNO) and regulations. All possession, storage,\nhandling, and use of explosives must be carried out in compliance with this\nlegislation.\n\nThe PCBU should consult a competent person in the controlled application of\nexplosives for carrying out the excavation work before deciding whether\nexplosives should be used for the excavation.\n\nTransport explosives in accordance with the Land Transport Act 1998 and\nregulations and HSNO.\n\nExplosives must only be used by an approved handler who is qualified in\nexplosives safety and has experience in this type of work.\n\n(8) Soil weight refers to the weight of one unit of a particular soil. Soil\nweight varies with type and moisture content 1 cubic metre of soil can weigh\nfrom 1.8 tonnes to 2.2 tonnes or more.\n\n(9) For more information and any exceptions refer to WorkSafe’s New Zealand\nElectrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (PDF 875 KB) [PDF,\n875 KB]\n\n## 06 / Plant and equipment\n\nUse suitable plant and equipment maintained in good condition to carry out\nexcavation work safely.\n\nVarious plant and equipment can carry out excavation work. Excavators in a\nrange of sizes can:\n\n * extract soil from within an excavation\n\n * lift and move materials\n\n * install and remove shoring.\n\nMake sure to use an appropriate excavator for the excavation work and properly\nplan and risk assess any lifting operations by the excavator before carrying\nout the operation.\n\nTo use plant safely:\n\n * make sure the plant is operated by a competent operator\n\n * fit suitable guards and protective devices\n\n * display the working load limit and make sure any load measurement devices are operating correctly\n\n * maintain plant in accordance with the manufacturer/supplier’s instructions or relevant standards\n\n * fi t excavators with an operating weight of seven tonnes or more with hose burst protection valves\n\n * carry out regular planned inspections and maintenance in accordance with the manufacturer’s recommendations to make sure the mobile plant works safely, whether leased, hired, or owned\n\n * conduct both mechanical and electrical testing\n\n * carry out the following checks:\n\n * start checks on the general condition and maintenance of the plant\n\n * specifications or relevant standards.\n\nPlant defects should be reported immediately to the PCBU. If a defect is\nlikely to pose an immediate or imminent risk to health and safety, remove the\nplant from service until the defect is fixed.\n\n### 6.1 Checking the plant, equipment and materials\n\nCheck plant, equipment, and materials before arriving at the worksite. Make\nsure the plant and equipment are fit-for-purpose and in good working order.\n\nIf applicable, carry out checks before leaving the depot, and report any\nconcerns according to company procedures, for example by tagging unsafe\nequipment. Do a final check when at the site and look over the area before\nstarting work.\n\nMake sure the materials are suitable for the job and the quantities are\ncorrect.\n\nCheck that enough material has been ordered, for example geotextiles and metal\nfor backfilling.\n\nCheck there is appropriate PPE for the job and it is in good condition.\nCorrect PPE includes:\n\n * high-visibility clothing\n\n * hard hat\n\n * safety footwear\n\n * hearing and eye protection.\n\n### 6.2 Using plant\n\nA wide range of powered mobile plant, including earthmoving machinery can\ncarry out excavation work. To select suitable plant, consider:\n\n * the task\n\n * site access and restrictions\n\n * type and depth of excavation\n\n * ground conditions\n\n * the mobile plant’s size and reach\n\n * hazards (eg overhead and underground services)\n\n * the volume of material to be excavated and transported\n\n * where the excavated material is to be located and stored.\n\nA competent operator should use earthmoving machinery for its originally\ndesigned purpose. Earthmoving machinery operators must demonstrate they are\ncompetent to operate the specific type of plant and any fitted attachments.\n\n#### Using earthmoving machinery\n\nBulldozers and scrapers are often used to prepare a work area for further\nspecific excavation.\n\nBulldozers typically excavate and move large amounts of material short\ndistances. They can be equipped with hydraulically-operated rippers at the\nback which are capable of loosening the hardest of sedimentary rocks.\n\nSelf-propelled rubber-tyred scrapers can excavate and haul very large\nquantities of material economically over long distances at relatively high\nspeed. Because of the large potential soil output and speeds of modern\nscrapers, pay careful attention to:\n\n * job layout\n\n * haul roads\n\n * vehicle pathways\n\n * worker movements and overall traffic management.\n\nTemporary haul roads should be well constructed and maintained to let plant\noperators complete the work safely.\n\nLarge earthmoving machinery such as bulldozers should not operate close to an\noverhang or a deep excavation, as the weight may collapse the excavation.\n\nExcavation work exceeding 1.5 m deep is typically done by excavators or\nspecialised plant such as tunnelling machines and raisebores. Most of these\ntypes of plant have an element of mobility, although tunnelling machines\ntypically have restricted movement.\n\nOther plant used in excavation work includes backhoes, rubber-tyred loaders,\nskid steer loaders (eg bobcats), trench diggers, graders and tip trucks.\n\n### 6.3 Plant and vehicle operation near excavations\n\nPowered mobile plant should not operate or travel near the edge of an\nexcavation unless the shoring can support such loads.\n\nPlant should approach end-on to excavations. If this is not practicable, make\nsure workers in the excavation get out when the plant is within the\nexcavation’s zone of influence or move away and stand further down the\nexcavation.\n\nWorkers should never stand under a load being lifted over the excavation.\n\nFigure 46: Prevent plant operation near excavationsFigure 47: Wheel stopper\nrestricting plant movement\n\nPhysical barriers such as wheel stoppers are one way of restricting plant\nmovement near an excavation.\n\nTable 9 outlines some excavation hazards and some controls to consider.\n\nConsider\n\n|\n\nExample controls \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Attachment failure\n\n|\n\n * use quick hitches to secure attachments\n * make sure the operator is familiar with and able to implement and manage any quick hitch used\n * make sure the operator checks any pins\n\n \n \n##### Buried contaminants (eg asbestos)\n\n|\n\n * conduct a site assessment and carry out any remedial action\n\n \n \n##### Lack of visibility\n\n|\n\n * make sure operators can see areas where people may be at risk from the operation of the machine\n\n * equip excavators with adequate visibility aids or use a spotter/s\n\n \n \n##### Plant instability\n\n|\n\n * set up as per industry recommendations\n\n \n \n##### Plant striking workers\n\n|\n\n * keep people away from areas of plant operation. Most excavator related deaths involve a person working in the vicinity of the excavator rather than the driver\n\n * use barriers, signage or a spotter\n\n \n \n##### Spoil placement\n\n|\n\n * safe distance of at least 1 m from edge\n\n \n \n##### Spotter\n\n|\n\n * use a trained spotter in a safe position to direct excavator operation and any pedestrian movements\n\n * make sure the spotter and operator understand the signals they will use and agree on the way to communicate with each other\n\n \n \n##### Strike hazards\n\n|\n\n * select plant with minimal tail swing if slewing in a confined area\n\n * maintain over 0.5 m of clearance between any part of the machine, particularly the ballast weight, and the nearest obstruction\n\n \n \nTable 9: Typical excavator operation hazards\n\n### 6.4 Blind spots\n\nOperators of powered mobile plant can often have severely restricted\nvisibility of ground workers or nearby pedestrians, particularly those close\nto the plant.\n\nFigure 48 and Figure 49 show some of the blind spots for operators of typical\nexcavation equipment.\n\nIn Figure 49 the operator’s visibility of the left rear relies on mirrors.\nNote there will always be a blind spot for the operator in line with the boom.\nWorkers should approach the operator from a point where everyone can clearly\nsee each other.\n\n### 6.5 Operator protection\n\nPowered mobile plant should be equipped with an appropriate combination of\noperator protection devices, for example an enclosed cabin and seat belts, to\nprevent the operator from ejecting from the cab or being struck by falling\nobjects.\n\nAny earthmoving machinery weighing more than 700 kgs, not including\nattachments, and designed to have a seated operator, should have an\nappropriate operator protective structure fi tted. These are either roll-over\nprotective structures (ROPS), falling object protective structures (FOPS) or\nboth, depending on the application. Self-propelled mechanical mobile plant\nmust, so far as is reasonably practicable, be fi tted with roll-over\nprotection and seat belts.\n\nFor more information see WorkSafe’s Approved Code of Practice for Operator\nProtective Structures on Self-Propelled Mobile Mechanical Plant.\n\n### 6.6 Quick hitches\n\nFigure 49: Safe approach zone for an excavatorFigure 48: Mobile plant operator\nblind spots\n\nQuick hitches allow a bucket or other attachment to be quickly and easily\nconnected and disconnected from an excavator or backhoe arm, saving signifi\ncant time during mobile plant operation.\n\nA pin holds the attachment in place against the quick hitch and insures\nagainst accidental release. However, a manual quick hitch may still operate\nwithout the retaining pin in place and then suddenly, without warning, swing\nopen or fall completely. If this happens when lifting over or close to a\nperson the result is likely to be fatal.\n\n#### Managing the risk\n\nBefore operating the mobile plant, make sure the operator:\n\n * checks the attachment is securely attached by the quick hitch\n\n * sets up an exclusion zone around the area where the excavator is operating.\n\nEquip mobile plant operating near workers or other plant with warning devices\n(eg a reversing alarm or a revolving light; vehicles can also be fitted with\nreversing cameras).\n\nEstablish an effective system of communication based on two-way\nacknowledgement between mobile plant operators and ground workers before work\nstarts. Train relevant workers in the procedures before they start work. The\nsystem should stop ground workers from approaching mobile plant until the\noperator has agreed to their request to approach. Similarly, the system should\nstop operators from moving plant closer than a set distance from ground\nworkers until ground workers have advised the operator that they are aware of\nthe proposed movement.\n\nMobile plant operators and workers should be familiar with the blind spots of\nthe plant being used. Provide induction-training programs emphasising the\ndangers of working in close proximity to mobile plant, and provide adequate\nsupervision.\n\nMake sure operators and workers wear highvisibility PPE.\n\n#### Exclusion zones and spotters\n\nExclusion zones and separating workers from mobile plant should be the first\noption for managing this risk. If exclusion is not possible, use spotters to\ncontrol operations when workers are in the immediate area. A spotter should be\nin constant contact with the mobile plant operator.\n\nFigure 50: A spotter helping a reversing vehicle\n\n### 6.7 Load-lifting\n\nItems of mobile plant (including earthmoving equipment), not originally\ndesigned as a crane, and used for load-lifting incidental to their principal\nfunction are entirely exempt from the Health and Safety in Employment\n(Pressure Equipment, Cranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 subject\nto the following conditions (10) as applicable:\n\n * lifting points and equipment used for rigging loads must be certified by a Chartered Professional Engineer\n\n * in the case of new and used hydraulic excavators with an operating weight of seven tonne or more, the following additional conditions apply:\n\n * the equipment is not to be modified to make it operate as a crane other than the provision of a lifting point\n\n * the equipment is to have a loading chart available to operators\n\n * operators and ground support personnel are to be adequately trained\n\n * operations are to be carried out in accordance with the Approved Code of Practice for Load-Lifting Rigging\n\n * hose burst protection valves are required (except for load-lifting mobile plant used in forestry operations that do not involve the construction of forest roads).\n\n(10) Notice Under the Health and Safety in employment (Pressure Equipment,\nCranes, and Passenger Ropeways) Regulations 1999 (24 September 2015) 104 New\nZealand Gazette(external link)\n\n## 07 / Appendices\n\n### 7.1 Appendix A: Legal framework\n\nAll excavation work must comply with HSWA and associated regulations. Table 10\nlists the specific duties under the HSE Regulations that apply to excavations\nin construction work.\n\nRegulations\n\n|\n\nDuties \n \n---|--- \n \nRegulation 23\n\nApplication of Regulations 24 and 25\n\n|\n\n(1) In Regulations 24 and 25, the term employer means -\n\n(a) every employer, in relation to every workplace under the control of that\nemployer in which any construction work is carried out; and\n\n(b) every person who controls a workplace in which any construction work is\ncarried out.\n\n(2) In Regulations 24 and 25, the term employee, -\n\n(a) in relation to an employer of the kind described in subclause (1)(a),\nmeans an employee of that employer; and\n\n(b) in relation to a person of the kind described in subclause (1)(b), means a\nperson working in the workplace. \n \nRegulation 24\n\nExcavations with face more than 1.5 m high\n\n|\n\n(1) Subject to subclause (2), every employer must, so far as is reasonably\npracticable, ensure that, where any face of any excavation is more than 1.5 m\nhigh, that face is shored.\n\n(2) Subclause (1) does not apply where—\n\n(a) the face is cut back to a safe slope; or\n\n(b) the material in the face is of proven good standing quality under all\nreasonably foreseeable conditions of work and weather; or\n\n(c) by reason of the nature of the work and the position of any employee in\nthe vicinity, there is no danger to any employee; or\n\n(d) the provision of shoring is impracticable or unreasonable by reason of the\nnature of the work and the employer has, so far as is reasonably practicable,\ntaken steps to ensure that other precautions are taken to make the face as\nsafe as possible in the circumstances.\n\n(3) Every employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure that any\nshoring used in any excavation at the workplace—\n\na) consists of materials that are suitable for the purpose for which they are\nto be used, of sound quality, and adequate in strength for the particular use;\nand\n\n(b) has bracings, jacks, and struts that are securely held to prevent\naccidental displacement, and packings and wedges that are held by nails or\nspikes; and\n\n(c) is placed in a proper manner by an experienced person under competent\nsupervision; and\n\n(d) is not altered, dismantled, or interfered with except on the instructions\nof the employer or a representative of the employer. \n \nRegulation 25\n\nExcavations of hazardous depth\n\n|\n\nEvery employer must, so far as is reasonably practicable, ensure, where any\nexcavation is—\n\n(a) readily accessible to any person; and\n\n(b) likely to collect or retain water of such a depth as to constitute a\ndanger to any person,—\n\nthat—\n\nc) any such excavation is covered or fenced, when no employee is in the\nimmediate vicinity to prevent access to it by any person; and\n\n(d) any such excavation created in the course of the work is covered, fenced,\nor filled at the completion of the work. \n \nTable 10: Duties in relation to excavations in the HSE Regulations\n\n#### Tunnelling operations\n\nUnder clause 4 of Schedule 3 of HSWA a tunnelling operation is the extraction\nof fill to create, extend, or enlarge a tunnel or shaft. Tunnelling operations\nare subject to Schedule 3 of HSWA and the MOQO Regulations, except operations\ninvolving:\n\n * tunnels or shafts of any length where no-one ordinarily works underground\n\n * tunnels or shafts that are or will be 15 m or less, where one or two workers ordinarily work underground at any one time, and:\n\n * no explosives are used, and\n\n * methane concentrations will not exceed 0.25% of the air in the tunnel or shaft.\n\n#### Building legislation\n\nThe Building Act 2004 and Building Regulations 1992 will generally apply if\nexcavations are associated with constructing, altering, demolishing or\nremoving a building. This also includes site work and building-related design\nwork.\n\nFor more information on building legislation and controls, refer to the\nMinistry of Business, Innovation and Employment’s website\nwww.building.govt.nz(external link)\n\n#### Other requirements\n\nConsider the requirements of any applicable:\n\n * codes of practice\n\n * engineering standards\n\n * laws and regulations and any subsequent amendments\n\n * local authorities, by-laws and district plans.\n\nRelevant legislation to consider may include the following Acts and\nregulations made under them:\n\n * Building Act 2004\n\n * Electricity Act 1992\n\n * Gas Act 1992\n\n * Land Transport Management Act 2003\n\n * Local Government Act 2000\n\n * Resource Management Act 1991\n\n * Telecommunications Act 2001\n\n### 7.2 Appendix B: Safe system of work considerations\n\nPlanning considerations should include discussions on:\n\n * permits/consents/notifications\n\n * service mark-outs and locations\n\n * site-specific documentation which could include:\n\n * health and safety policy\n\n * summary worksite safety plan\n\n * worksite emergency procedures\n\n * worksite safety induction card\n\n * visitor and worksite induction register\n\n * accident/incident register\n\n * injury/ill-health/incident reporting\n\n * hazard identification\n\n * site-specific risk assessment\n\n * safe or standard operating procedures\n\n * environmental plan (ie erosion and sediment control)\n\n * quality plan\n\n * overhead services and underground service plans\n\n * construction plans\n\n * nature or condition of the ground, for example:\n\n * ground water\n\n * depth of excavation\n\n * soil conditions\n\n * confined space and ventilation\n\n * weather conditions (eg time of year, expected conditions etc)\n\n * static and dynamic loads near the excavation\n\n * interaction with other trades\n\n * site access and security\n\n * traffic management and public safety\n\n * type of plant and equipment to be used for excavation work\n\n * the length of time the excavation is to remain open\n\n * provision of adequate facilities.\n\n### 7.3 Appendix C: Trenching checklist\n\nThis is a basic checklist for trench work. Add other items as appropriate to a\nparticular site or job.\n\n 1. Is the surface clear of plant, spoil heaps and materials for at least 1 m from the edge of the excavation?\n 2. Are spoil heaps properly controlled and will they stay like this in wet weather?\n 3. Is the trench clear of workers while the spoil heap is being worked on?\n 4. Is the space between the trench and the spoil heap clear of pipes, bricks, stones, tools, etc?\n 5. Is the work properly fenced off and ‘signed’ during the day. Is the work properly fenced off, ‘signed’, guarded and lit during the night?\n 6. Is access adequate without anyone having to jump across? Are footbridges with guard rails available and being used?\n 7. Are ladders available and being used?\n 8. Is the supervisor making sure that no-one climbs on the timbering?\n 9. Is the trench safe from exhaust gases from plant working in the trench or nearby?\n 10. Does everyone know where the buried services are and are they clearly marked?\n 11. Are the workers who are excavating and shoring the trench experienced in this sort of work?\n 12. Are they working at safe distances from each other?\n 13. Is the ground as the design assumed?\n 14. Is there any movement or deterioration of the ground that may put adjacent services, roads or structures at risk?\n 15. Is the area affected by blasting or other heavy vibrations?\n 16. Is the ground water level as used in the design (ie not higher)?\n 17. Are proper sumps provided?\n 18. Does the pumping arrangement avoid drawing material from behind the sheeting?\n 19. Is the work being done in accordance with the drawings or sketches? If not, is the variation permissible?\n 20. Are unsheeted faces safe, with no sign of peeling away?\n 21. Are materials of the correct design size and quality?\n 22. Are wedges tight?\n 23. Is timbering free of damage from skips?\n 24. Are waling and strut spacing within +/-100 mm?\n 25. Are deflections excessive?\n 26. Are all struts horizontal and positioned squarely to the walings (within 1 in 40)?\n 27. Are frames supported against downward movement (by hangers or lip blocks, puncheons and sole plates)?\n 28. Have correct pins been used in steel trench struts?\n 29. Is the method of withdrawing sheeting and support for the trench during backfill safe?\n 30. Is the work area tidy?\n 31. Are stops provided for mobile plant?\n 32. Is visibility adequate in the trench?\n 33. Is PPE available and being used?\n\n### 7.4 Appendix D: Notifications to WorkSafe\n\nEmployers and the person in control of the workplace must notify WorkSafe at\nleast 24 hours’ before doing any hazardous work (as defined below).\n\nThese notices help WorkSafe plan workplace visits to promote health and safety\nfor everyone in or near a workplace.\n\nNotify WorkSafe by either:\n\n * filing a Notification of Particular Hazardous Work online\n * downloading the notification form and posting or faxing it to WorkSafe.\n\n#### Work that needs to be notified to WorkSafe\n\nDefined in the HSE regulations as:\n\n * any commercial logging or tree-felling\n\n * any construction work where:\n\n * storeys high, a power or telephone line, or carried out from a ladder only, or minor or routine maintenance or repair work)\n\n * scaffolding from which someone could fall 5 m or more while being put up or dismantled\n\n * propelled mobile crane, excavator or forklift) has to lift weights of half a tonne (500 kg) or more a height of 5 m or more\n\n * people have to work in an excavation that is more than 1.5 m deep and which is deeper than it is wide at the top\n\n * workers need to work in any kind of heading, excavation or drive where there is ground cover overhead\n\n * work in any excavation in which any face has a vertical height of more than 5 m and an average slope steeper than a ratio of 1 horizontal to 2 vertical\n\n * work where explosives are used, or stored for this purpose\n\n * workers need to breathe air that is or has been compressed or breathe a respiratory medium other than air.\n\n#### Notifiable events\n\nA notifiable event is when someone dies or when a notifiable incident, illness\nor injury occurs as a result of work. WorkSafe must be informed of all\nnotifiable events. Notifiable injuries, illnesses and incidents are specified\nin HSWA.\n\n#### Notifiable incidents\n\nHSWA requires PCBUs to notify WorkSafe if there is an unplanned or\nuncontrolled incident at a workplace that exposes a person (worker or\notherwise) to a serious risk to their health and safety arising from immediate\nor imminent exposure to:\n\n * a substance escaping, spilling, or leaking\n\n * an implosion, explosion or fire\n\n * gas or steam escaping\n\n * pressurised substance escaping\n\n * electric shock\n\n * the fall or release from height of any plant, substance or object\n\n * damage to or collapsing, overturning, failing or malfunctioning of any plant that is required to be authorised for use\n\n * the collapse or partial collapse of a structure\n\n * the collapse or failure of an excavation or any shoring supporting an excavation\n\n * the inrush of water, mud, or gas in workings in an underground excavation or tunnel\n\n * the interruption of the main system of ventilation in an underground excavation or tunnel\n\n * a collision between two vessels, a vessel capsize, or the inrush of water into a vessel\n\n * any other incident declared in regulations to be a notifiable incident.\n\n### 7.5 Appendix E: More information\n\n#### Environmental Protection Authority\n\nFor information about how to manage hazardous substances visit the\nEnvironmental Protection Authority’s website www.epa.govt.nz(external link)\n\n#### Local council\n\nYour council might have additional rules that need to be met. Check with your\nlocal council for specific rules that apply in your region.\n\n#### Local utility owners\n\nCheck any local utility owners’ websites for additional procedures that may\nneed to be met – look for headings like safety, working safely or public\nsafety.\n\n#### New Zealand Legislation\n\nTo access all legislation including Acts and regulations visit the New Zealand\nLegislation website www.legislation.govt.nz(external link)\n\n#### The Institution of Professional Engineers New Zealand (IPENZ)\n\nA list of competent engineers can be found on the IPENZ website, under the\nChartered Professional Engineers (CPEng) Register available at\nwww.ipenz.nz(external link)\n\n#### WorkSafe\n\nFor information and guidance about health and safety visit our website or call\n0800 030 040.\n\nYou can visit our website for more information and guidance specifically about\nelectrical or gas safety or call 0800 030 040.\n\n#### Standards\n\nAS 1657 Fixed platforms, walkways, stairways and ladders – design,\nconstruction and installation\n\nAS 2187.2 Explosives – storage and use – use of explosive\n\nAS 2865 Confined spaces\n\nAS 4744.1 Steel shoring and trench lining equipment\n\nAS 5047 Hydraulic shoring and trench lining equipment\n\nAS/NZS 1576 Scaffolding (series)\n\nAS/NZS 1892 Portable ladders (series)\n\nBS EN 13331-1 Trench lining systems. Product specifications\n\nBS EN 13331-2 Trench lining systems. Assessment by calculation or test\n\nBS EN 1537 Execution of special geotechnical works – ground anchors\n\nBS 8081 Code of practice for grouted anchors\n\nFHWA-IF-99-015 Ground anchors and anchored systems\n\nNZS 3603 Timber structures standard\n\n#### Guidance\n\nApproved Code of Practice for Operator Protective Structures on Self-Propelled\nMobile Mechanical Plant\n\nCode of Practice for Temporary Traffic Management: Part 8 of the Traffic\nControl Devices Manual New Zealand Transport Agency www.nzta.govt.nz(external\nlink)\n\nExcavation Work Code of Practice Safe Work Australia\nwww.safeworkaustralia.gov.au(external link)\n\nGuide for Safety with Underground Services (PDF 349 KB) [PDF, 349 KB] WorkSafe\nNew Zealand\n\nHealth and Safety at Opencast Mines, Alluvial Mines and Quarries (PDF 12 MB)\n[PDF, 12 MB] WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nNational Code of Practice for Utility Operators’ Access to Transport Corridors\nNew Zealand Utilities Advisory Group (NZUAG) www.nzuag.org.nz(external link)\n\nNew Zealand Electrical Code of Practice for Electrical Safe Distances (NZECP\n34:2001) WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nSafe Use of Machinery WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nUsing Quick Hitches Safely (PDF 792 KB) [PDF, 791 KB] WorkSafe New Zealand\n\nWorkSafe position on work-related health (PDF 55 KB)\n\nSafe working with ladders and stepladders (PDF 218 KB)\n\nWorkplace Exposure Standards and Biological Exposure Indices WorkSafe New\nZealand\n\nYour Guide to Working Safe on the Road and Staying Alive New Zealand Utilities\nAdvisory Group (NZUAG) www.powerco.co.nz(external link)\n\n### 7.6 Appendix F: Glossary\n\nTerm\n\n|\n\nBrief explanation \n \n---|--- \n \n##### Backfill\n\n| Material used for refilling excavations. \n \n##### Barricade\n\n| Any object or structure that creates a barrier obstacle to control, block\npassage or force the flow of traffic in the desired direction. \n \n##### Battering\n\n| Means to form an angled excavation face, usually less than the natural angle\nof repose, to prevent ground collapse. \n \n##### Bench\n\n| A horizontal step cut into an excavation face to provide horizontal bearing\nand sliding resistance. \n \n##### Benching\n\n| The horizontal stepping of an excavation face. \n \n##### Closed sheeting\n\n| A continuous frame with vertical or horizontal sheathing planks placed side\nby side to form a continuous retaining wall supported by other shoring parts\nto hold up an excavated face. \n \n##### Competent person (excavation work)\n\n| A person who has competencies for different types of excavations set out in\nsection 2.5. \n \n##### Competent person (including competent operator)\n\n| A person who has acquired through training, qualification, or experience the\nknowledge and skills to carry out a task. \n \n##### Drives\n\n| Small openings cut into the sides of trenches or shafts or elsewhere, for\nexample, under roads. \n \n##### Dynamic load\n\n| The forces that move or change when acting on a structure. \n \n##### Exclusion zone\n\n| An area from which all persons are excluded during excavation work. \n \n##### Face\n\n| An exposed sloping or vertical surface resulting from excavating material. \n \n##### Open excavation\n\n| An excavation in open ground which can vary in shape and size often defined\nby adjacent services or buildings. \n \n##### Permanent works\n\n| The parts of a construction project that will be used and remain in position\nfor a long time (eg 60 years). This includes buildings and structures such as\nbridges, roads, retaining walls, etc. \n \n##### Person conducting a business or undertaking (PCBU)\n\n| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it means any person (including\na legal entity) running a business or undertaking. For example, a limited\nliability company, partnership, trust, incorporated society, etc. \n \n##### Pit excavations\n\n| Usually four-sided and deeper than the narrowest horizontal dimension at the\nsurface. Generally, beyond a depth of around 10 m, an excavation becomes a\nshaft. Pits are generally excavated to install manholes, pump stations,\nunderground tanks and the like. They are also excavated to construct pile caps\nand other types of foundations or to access and/or locate existing services to\nmaintain them. \n \n##### Risk\n\n| Risks arise from people being exposed to a hazard (a source of harm). Risk\ncan be described as the likelihood certain consequences (death, injury, or\nillness) occur when a person is exposed to a hazard. \n \n##### Risk assessment\n\n| Involves considering what could happen if someone is exposed to a hazard and\nthe likelihood of it happening. \n \n##### Safe slope\n\n| The steepest slope at which an excavated face is stable against slips and\nslides, having regard to the qualities of the material in the face, the height\nof the face, the load above the face and the moisture conditions for the time\nbeing existing. \n \n##### Shaft\n\n| A vertical or inclined way or opening from the surface downwards or from any\nunderground working, the dimensions of which (apart from the perimeter) are\nless than its depth. \n \n##### Sheet piling\n\n| Vertical, close-spaced, or interlocking planks of steel, reinforced concrete\nor other structural material driven to form a continuous wall ahead of the\nexcavation and supported either by tie-backs into solid ground structural\nmembers from within the excavation as the work proceeds. The use of timber,\nsteel or other structural material to support an excavation in order to\nprevent collapse so that construction can proceed. \n \n##### Sheeting\n\n| Sheeting is overlapping rather than interlocking, and cannot stand on its\nown. \n \n##### Safe system of work\n\n| A system of working covering how a piece of work or a project will be\ncompleted safely and in compliance with relevant legislation. \n \n##### Soil arching\n\n| Describes an arching eff ect some types of shoring create by slightly\ncompressing soil in without allowing the soil to move outward. \n \n##### Soldier\n\n| Vertical upright steel or timber element used for supporting a trench wall. \n \n##### Static load\n\n| A static load is the effect of gravity on an object or structure. For\nexample the weight of a bridge. \n \n##### Structure\n\n| A building or other object constructed from several parts. \n \n##### Strut\n\n| Structural member (usually horizontal) in compression resisting thrust or\npressure from the face or faces of an excavation. \n \n##### Temporary works\n\n| The parts of a construction project that allow permanent works to be built.\nUsually they are removed after use (eg access scaffolds and shoring). \n \n##### Tom\n\n| Structural member used to hold soldiers against an excavated face or to\npress walers apart in a close sheeted excavation. \n \n##### Trench\n\n| A long narrow excavation, deeper than it is wide, and open to the surface\nalong its length. Trenches are generally excavated to install or maintain\nunderground services or to otherwise investigate beneath the ground surface. \n \n##### Trench shield\n\n| A steel or metal structure with two vertical side plates permanently braced\napart by cross frames or struts designed to resist the pressure from the walls\nof a trench and capable of being moved as a unit. \n \n##### Upstream PCBUs\n\n| PCBUs who design, manufacture, import or supply plant, substances or\nstructures, or who install, construct or commission plant or structures. \n \n##### Waler\n\n| A horizontal steel or timber element used for supporting a trench wall. \n \n##### Water scouring\n\n| An erosion process resulting from the action of the flow of water. \n \n##### Worker\n\n| Has the meaning provided in HSWA. In general, it is a person who carries out\nwork in any capacity for a PCBU. It covers almost all working relationships,\nincluding employees, contractors, sub-contractors, and volunteers. \n \n##### Workplace exposure\n\n##### standards (WES)\n\n| A WES is the level of a substance in the air that is believed to be safe for\nnearly all workers repeatedly exposed, day after day, to that substance. The\nvalues are usually calculated based on exposure over eight hours, 15 minutes\nor, in some cases, instantaneous exposure. \n \n##### Zone of influence\n\n| Means the volume of soil around the excavation where actions may influence\nthe excavation’s stability (eg vehicles, plant, or spoil) or where the\nexcavation may influence the stability of any nearby structure. \n \nWhile this guidance has not been updated to reflect current work health and\nsafety legislation (the Health and Safety at Work Act 2015 and regulations),\nit may still contain relevant information and practices to keep workers and\nothers healthy and safe.\n\nPlease read this guidance in conjunction with all relevant industry standards\nthat apply to you as a PCBU. This guidance will be progressively reviewed and\neither updated, replaced with other guidance, or revoked.\n\nShare on Facebook Share on Twitter Share on LinkedIn Share by Email\n\nSubscribe\n\nLast updated 5 September 2017 at 10:01\n\n# Search\n\n## Popular questions\n\n * Where can I find WorkSafe's guidance and advice about COVID-19?\n * How to I manage supply issues for personal protective equipment (PPE)?\n * What are some of the health and safety risks associated with my industry?\n * Do I need an asbestos management plan?\n * What do you need to think about when managing your workplace hazardous substances?\n * How do I report an unsafe or unhealthy work situation?\n * How can I prevent bullying?\n\n## About Us\n\n * About us\n * Careers\n * About this site\n * Privacy\n * Disclaimer\n * Copyright\n\n## Services\n\n * Notify WorkSafe\n * Raise a health or safety concern\n * Electricity or gas event notification\n\n## Updates\n\n * Subscribe to WorkSafe\n * Subscribe to RSS\n * Contact us\n * News and media\n\n© Copyright 2021 WorkSafe\n\nNZBN: 9429041926437\n\nVisit WorkSafe on facebook Visit WorkSafe on twitter Visit WorkSafe on\nlinkedin Visit WorkSafe on instagram Visit WorkSafe on youtube\n\n"
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"title": "DIY Shed Building Tips — The Family Handyman",
"passages": [
"In most cases when learning how to build a shed foundation, the shed doesn't have to rest on deep footings. A pair of trenches filled with gravel and topped with treated 6x6s is adequate in areas with well-drained soil. Level and square the 6x6s and you're ready to build and attach the joist system.",
"If your shed site slopes, pouring concrete is a bigger job because you have to build strong forms and pour extra concrete on the downhill side. A simpler method is to build your shed floor like a deck, with footings, posts and a wood frame covered by plywood. If you don't like the opening under the shed, build a skirt to cover the space between the shed floor and the ground. Since locating buried utilities is free, it doesn't make any sense to skip this step. You can avoid an expensive mistake when building a shed, or worse yet, a tragedy, by going online to call811.com for more information and then calling 811 a few days before you plan to dig to have your buried utilities located.",
"For a shed floor that's strong, long-lasting and low to the ground, it's hard to beat concrete. Surprisingly, if you pour the slab yourself, the price is comparable to that of a wood platform. Read more about pouring your own concrete shed floor when building a shed.",
"Don't be tempted to get sloppy when you square up the floor and walls of your shed. An out-of-square start will haunt you through the rest of the project, from doors and windows to trim and roofing. For a concrete slab, measure diagonally across the opposite corners of the form boards. Then adjust the forms until the diagonal measurements are equal. Do the same for a wood platform floor. If you're installing sheet siding on the walls, before you stand them up, measure diagonally and square up the wall before you nail on the siding.",
"Whether you build your own trusses or order them from the lumberyard, building a roof with trusses is much easier than framing a roof one rafter at a time. As a general rule when learning how to build a shed roof, you'll need one truss every 2 ft. If you build your own, the cost will be about half this amount. Connect the framing for site-built trusses with plywood gussets glued and screwed to the joints.",
"It's not always possible, but if you're using 4 x 8-ft. sheet siding and have enough helpers around to lift the wall when you're done, you can save time by siding the walls before you raise them. Make sure to straighten the wall plates and square the wall by measuring diagonally before you nail on the siding. This is easier to do on a wood shed floor because you can tack the plates to the floor to hold the wall straight and square while you install the siding.",
"A good carpenter is constantly working to keep all the framing straight. And all it takes is a string. Starting at the floor, you can stretch a string along the concrete forms or rim joist and make adjustments to straighten any deviations. Then do the same thing at the top of the walls, and finally when you set the roof trusses or ridge. The trick for learning how to build a storage shed is to stretch the line across a scrap of wood at each end so there's a space between the line and the part you're straightening. On a wall, for example, tack small scraps of 1/2-in. plywood at each end of the top plate and stretch a line very tightly over the plywood. Then use a third scrap as a gauge to check the distance between the line and the lumber. Use braces or whatever is needed to adjust the top plate until the gauge just fits. Now your top plate will be perfectly straight.",
"In a perfect world, all of the studs would be straight, but since they aren't, make sure to pick the best ones to use at corners and at door and window openings. Sight down the length of the studs and set aside the ones that are perfectly straight. While you're at it, also set aside studs that are really crooked. You can cut these up to use as cripples or blocking. You may find other uses for short pieces later on.",
"Whether grooved or plain, installing 4 x 8-ft. sheets of siding is a fast and economical way to cover shed walls. But the result can look pretty plain. Adding wide corner boards, wide window and door casing, and maybe a horizontal band at the base and top can turn a utilitarian-looking shed into a masterpiece.",
"If you're building your own roof trusses, the handiest place to assemble them is right on the shed floor. But you have to do it before you build the walls. The best method is to snap chalk lines on the shed floor to outline the truss parts. Then use the chalk lines as a guide for cutting the truss patterns and assembling the trusses.",
"Consider adding overhangs to the ends of your shed. They're more work and require some extra material, but overhangs provide some protection from rain and snow, which translates to less painting and maintenance. Plus, overhangs just look better, and they give you a place to add decorative brackets.",
"Frame-and-panel doors are expensive, especially if you want a unique style. But you can get the same look for a fraction of the cost by simply laminating two layers of inexpensive 3/4-in.-thick boards together.",
"For strength, plan to build the front and back layers so the corners overlap each other. Then, to accommodate inset panels, make the front pieces a little wider to create a lip for the panels to rest against. Use plywood or tongue- and-groove boards for the panels, and hold them in with stops nailed on the back. You can assemble the two frames with pocket screws before gluing and screwing them together, but it's not necessary. After the glue dries, plane or sand the edges to hide the fact that there are two layers.",
"Utilitarian barn sash windows are perfect for sheds. Basically you order the sash—the movable part with glass—and build a simple frame to hold it. Add a few hinges and hold-open hardware and you've got an inexpensive, nice-looking window. If you want a screen, you'll have to build a separate frame and staple screening to it.",
"You can cut steel roofing panels with a circular saw and a carbide blade, but it'll save you a lot of work if you order the panels the right length to start with. Plus, you'll have a greater color selection if you order the roofing rather than buy off-the-shelf panels. Remember to order in advance, though, since it usually takes several weeks for the roofing to arrive. And make sure the overhangs are the right size so the panels will overhang the fascia slightly.",
"If you plan to paint your shed, natural wood siding isn't necessary. You can buy sheets of OSB (oriented strand board) siding at a fraction of the cost of real plywood, and it'll probably last longer too. LP SmartSide panel is one brand. You can buy plain, grooved or stucco-like panels in several thicknesses and sizes. Ask at your local lumberyard to see what's available.",
"If you buy heavy galvanized hardware designed for farm buildings for your shed, it's overkill. Buy heavy-duty closet door hardware instead. It's not really meant for outdoor use, but when it's protected by an overhang, it holds up well. And if the roller bearings get corroded, it's simple to replace the entire hanger mechanism. Check out Johnson Hardware's 111 track and 1025 ball- bearing hangers.",
"Working from ladders is more dangerous than working from scaffolding. Plus, having to constantly move ladders around is time consuming. When you get to the roof construction, consider renting a set of scaffolding with wheels. You'll be amazed at how much easier it is to have a stable platform to work from and to set your tools and materials on. You can rent a 5-ft.-tall section of scaffold with three planks and wheels for about $110 per week.",
"Nothing dresses up a shed like brackets. They're the ultimate low-effort, high-impact feature. In some cases they also provide extra support for your gable-end overhang. Depending on the design, you can build brackets from 4x4s or by laminating 2-by boards. Make a full-scale drawing to work out the details. Then build the brackets and attach them to the shed. Install the brackets tight to the underside of the overhang, and then notch the fascia board to fit over them.",
"For painted trim, avoid real wood. There are other materials that hold paint better and won't rot. Here are a couple of products to consider:",
"PVC (Azek is one brand). You can paint it or leave it unpainted, but don't use dark colors. It can be shaped with a router like wood.",
"Fiber cement (James Hardie is one brand). This is less expensive than PVC, but you must take some precautions to protect it from moisture.",
"We are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide site experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security practices."
]
},
"parsed_md": "DIY Shed Building Tips — The Family Handyman\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext\n\nSkip to main content\n\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\n\n#### Newsletter Sign Up\n\nHome Sheds\n\n# DIY Shed Building Tips\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n## Must-read pro advice on everything from floors to roofs, windows and\ndoors—plus, how to save time and money on your shed.\n\n1 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Easy Shed Foundation\n\nIn most cases when learning how to build a shed foundation, the shed doesn't\nhave to rest on deep footings. A pair of trenches filled with gravel and\ntopped with treated 6x6s is adequate in areas with well-drained soil. Level\nand square the 6x6s and you're ready to build and attach the joist system.\n\n2 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### For Sloped Sites, Build on Posts\n\nIf your shed site slopes, pouring concrete is a bigger job because you have to\nbuild strong forms and pour extra concrete on the downhill side. A simpler\nmethod is to build your shed floor like a deck, with footings, posts and a\nwood frame covered by plywood. If you don't like the opening under the shed,\nbuild a skirt to cover the space between the shed floor and the ground. Since\nlocating buried utilities is free, it doesn't make any sense to skip this\nstep. You can avoid an expensive mistake when building a shed, or worse yet, a\ntragedy, by going online to call811.com for more information and then calling\n811 a few days before you plan to dig to have your buried utilities located.\n\n3 / 19\n\n#### Best Shed Floor is a Concrete Slab\n\nFor a shed floor that's strong, long-lasting and low to the ground, it's hard\nto beat concrete. Surprisingly, if you pour the slab yourself, the price is\ncomparable to that of a wood platform. Read more about pouring your own\nconcrete shed floor when building a shed.\n\n4 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Be Precise With Shed Floor & Walls\n\nDon't be tempted to get sloppy when you square up the floor and walls of your\nshed. An out-of-square start will haunt you through the rest of the project,\nfrom doors and windows to trim and roofing. For a concrete slab, measure\ndiagonally across the opposite corners of the form boards. Then adjust the\nforms until the diagonal measurements are equal. Do the same for a wood\nplatform floor. If you're installing sheet siding on the walls, before you\nstand them up, measure diagonally and square up the wall before you nail on\nthe siding.\n\n5 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Build Shed Roof Trusses\n\nWhether you build your own trusses or order them from the lumberyard, building\na roof with trusses is much easier than framing a roof one rafter at a time.\nAs a general rule when learning how to build a shed roof, you'll need one\ntruss every 2 ft. If you build your own, the cost will be about half this\namount. Connect the framing for site-built trusses with plywood gussets glued\nand screwed to the joints.\n\n6 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Install Siding, Then Raise Shed Walls\n\nIt's not always possible, but if you're using 4 x 8-ft. sheet siding and have\nenough helpers around to lift the wall when you're done, you can save time by\nsiding the walls before you raise them. Make sure to straighten the wall\nplates and square the wall by measuring diagonally before you nail on the\nsiding. This is easier to do on a wood shed floor because you can tack the\nplates to the floor to hold the wall straight and square while you install the\nsiding.\n\n7 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Keep Shed Framing Straight\n\nA good carpenter is constantly working to keep all the framing straight. And\nall it takes is a string. Starting at the floor, you can stretch a string\nalong the concrete forms or rim joist and make adjustments to straighten any\ndeviations. Then do the same thing at the top of the walls, and finally when\nyou set the roof trusses or ridge. The trick for learning how to build a\nstorage shed is to stretch the line across a scrap of wood at each end so\nthere's a space between the line and the part you're straightening. On a wall,\nfor example, tack small scraps of 1/2-in. plywood at each end of the top plate\nand stretch a line very tightly over the plywood. Then use a third scrap as a\ngauge to check the distance between the line and the lumber. Use braces or\nwhatever is needed to adjust the top plate until the gauge just fits. Now your\ntop plate will be perfectly straight.\n\n8 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Choose Straight Studs\n\nIn a perfect world, all of the studs would be straight, but since they aren't,\nmake sure to pick the best ones to use at corners and at door and window\nopenings. Sight down the length of the studs and set aside the ones that are\nperfectly straight. While you're at it, also set aside studs that are really\ncrooked. You can cut these up to use as cripples or blocking. You may find\nother uses for short pieces later on.\n\n9 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Dress Up a Plain Shed With Trim\n\nWhether grooved or plain, installing 4 x 8-ft. sheets of siding is a fast and\neconomical way to cover shed walls. But the result can look pretty plain.\nAdding wide corner boards, wide window and door casing, and maybe a horizontal\nband at the base and top can turn a utilitarian-looking shed into a\nmasterpiece.\n\n10 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### How to Build Trusses for a Shed: Build Trusses On the Shed Floor\n\nIf you're building your own roof trusses, the handiest place to assemble them\nis right on the shed floor. But you have to do it before you build the walls.\nThe best method is to snap chalk lines on the shed floor to outline the truss\nparts. Then use the chalk lines as a guide for cutting the truss patterns and\nassembling the trusses.\n\n11 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Add Overhangs to Protect Shed Siding\n\nConsider adding overhangs to the ends of your shed. They're more work and\nrequire some extra material, but overhangs provide some protection from rain\nand snow, which translates to less painting and maintenance. Plus, overhangs\njust look better, and they give you a place to add decorative brackets.\n\n12 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Build Economical 'Sandwich' Doors\n\nFrame-and-panel doors are expensive, especially if you want a unique style.\nBut you can get the same look for a fraction of the cost by simply laminating\ntwo layers of inexpensive 3/4-in.-thick boards together.\n\nFor strength, plan to build the front and back layers so the corners overlap\neach other. Then, to accommodate inset panels, make the front pieces a little\nwider to create a lip for the panels to rest against. Use plywood or tongue-\nand-groove boards for the panels, and hold them in with stops nailed on the\nback. You can assemble the two frames with pocket screws before gluing and\nscrewing them together, but it's not necessary. After the glue dries, plane or\nsand the edges to hide the fact that there are two layers.\n\n13 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Save Money With Barn Sash Windows\n\nUtilitarian barn sash windows are perfect for sheds. Basically you order the\nsash—the movable part with glass—and build a simple frame to hold it. Add a\nfew hinges and hold-open hardware and you've got an inexpensive, nice-looking\nwindow. If you want a screen, you'll have to build a separate frame and staple\nscreening to it.\n\n14 / 19\n\n#### Order Cut-to-Length Steel Roof Panels\n\nYou can cut steel roofing panels with a circular saw and a carbide blade, but\nit'll save you a lot of work if you order the panels the right length to start\nwith. Plus, you'll have a greater color selection if you order the roofing\nrather than buy off-the-shelf panels. Remember to order in advance, though,\nsince it usually takes several weeks for the roofing to arrive. And make sure\nthe overhangs are the right size so the panels will overhang the fascia\nslightly.\n\n15 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Save Money on Shed Siding\n\nIf you plan to paint your shed, natural wood siding isn't necessary. You can\nbuy sheets of OSB (oriented strand board) siding at a fraction of the cost of\nreal plywood, and it'll probably last longer too. LP SmartSide panel is one\nbrand. You can buy plain, grooved or stucco-like panels in several thicknesses\nand sizes. Ask at your local lumberyard to see what's available.\n\n16 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Closet Door Hardware for Sliding Shed Doors\n\nIf you buy heavy galvanized hardware designed for farm buildings for your\nshed, it's overkill. Buy heavy-duty closet door hardware instead. It's not\nreally meant for outdoor use, but when it's protected by an overhang, it holds\nup well. And if the roller bearings get corroded, it's simple to replace the\nentire hanger mechanism. Check out Johnson Hardware's 111 track and 1025 ball-\nbearing hangers.\n\n17 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Rent Scaffolding for Shed Roof Construction\n\nWorking from ladders is more dangerous than working from scaffolding. Plus,\nhaving to constantly move ladders around is time consuming. When you get to\nthe roof construction, consider renting a set of scaffolding with wheels.\nYou'll be amazed at how much easier it is to have a stable platform to work\nfrom and to set your tools and materials on. You can rent a 5-ft.-tall section\nof scaffold with three planks and wheels for about $110 per week.\n\n18 / 19\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n#### Add Brackets for a Custom Touch\n\nNothing dresses up a shed like brackets. They're the ultimate low-effort,\nhigh-impact feature. In some cases they also provide extra support for your\ngable-end overhang. Depending on the design, you can build brackets from 4x4s\nor by laminating 2-by boards. Make a full-scale drawing to work out the\ndetails. Then build the brackets and attach them to the shed. Install the\nbrackets tight to the underside of the overhang, and then notch the fascia\nboard to fit over them.\n\n19 / 19\n\n#### Avoid Painted Wood Trim\n\nFor painted trim, avoid real wood. There are other materials that hold paint\nbetter and won't rot. Here are a couple of products to consider:\n\n * PVC (Azek is one brand). You can paint it or leave it unpainted, but don't use dark colors. It can be shaped with a router like wood.\n * Fiber cement (James Hardie is one brand). This is less expensive than PVC, but you must take some precautions to protect it from moisture.\n * Engineered wood-fiber trim (MiraTEC is one brand).\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nDo it right, do it yourself!\n\nWe are no longer supporting IE (Internet Explorer) as we strive to provide\nsite experiences for browsers that support new web standards and security\npractices.\n\nWe recommend our users to update the browser\n\n * Google Chrome\n * Apple Safari\n * Mozilla Firefox\n * Microsoft Edge\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * See All Appliance Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * See All Automotive\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * See All Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * See All Cleaning\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * See All Electrical\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * See All Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * See All Woodworking\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * See all Landscaping\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Storage & Organization\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Project Plans\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20201127232816/https://extremehowto.com/digging-perfect-post-hole/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Digging the Perfect Post-Hole",
"passages": [
"A post-hole is more than just a hole in the earth. It is a shaft cut straight down into the ground to particular size in a particular place, despite all the root and rock obstacles between your shovel point and the bottom. It is also a heck of a lot of work, so I want to do it right the first time whenever possible.",
"“Right?” You might ask. “Dude, it’s a hole. Taking yourself a little too seriously? Grab your post-hole digger and get to it.”",
"This reply might fly, say for a mailbox post (but even those must comply with mailbox placement regulations—see Side Note 1).",
"However, for a deck, fence or pergola, post holes need to be right or something goes seriously wrong with carpentry layout, profitability and/or inspection. If they’re not the right shape and correct depth, they won’t fly.",
"I’ve dug (and re-dug) hundreds of post holes, both alone and with other people, who swear they know how to do it. The key to digging post holes correctly is to understand what you’re digging and to throw away old assumptions about the tools everyone has in their shed or garage.",
"It’s best to think about post holes as shafts. They descend straight (plumb) down from where you start digging them. The sides of the shaft are straight and the bottom of the hole is flat (or at least flat-ish). In other words, if your hole looks like a cup or a bowl, well, it’s not a post-hole.",
"This concept is pretty easy to get your head around. In reality, however, it is more difficult to execute because it requires us to use the most basic tools we own (shovels, digging bars, etc.) that we’ve all used a zillion times for shoveling projects—mulch/snow, leveling the yard, turning over the garden—in a different way. Digging a proper posthole is all about getting started in the right place and going the right direction. And that is harder than it sounds.",
"Different people lay out post-hole locations differently, usually by running strings or pulling lay-out from an existing structure. However you get there, the first thing to do is mark the whole hole.",
"Center. The first thing I mark is the center of the hole. I then take a screw or nail, shove it through a hunk of caution tape or red duct tape, and plug it into the ground. Next, I grab a can of spray paint and paint a 24-in. “X” across the center of the hole. (I learned this trick in Joplin, Missouri, building the Boomtown playground with the crew of Extreme Makeover: Home Edition.) This cross mark helps keep me on target. The first step is to dig out the screw marking the hole’s center.",
"Like many projects, starting on the right foot is an indicator of things to come. For post holes, I like to slice the earth at the top of the hole in a square, and there’s hardly a better tool for that than a garden spade. You can measure your hole width (decks with 6-by-6 posts or 12-in. builder’s tube usually require a hole that is 16-by-16-in. square or diameter or larger).",
"The other critical job the spade does is help get the sides of the hole going down straight from the get-go—which is the first hardest part of the job and the thing that’ll chase you right down to the bottom of the hole. Lean the handle away from you to get the blade plumb, and then jump on the bad boy like you mean it to sink the blade below the sod.",
"I like the spade to get started, but after getting under the sod, I need to scoop out the loose dirt that’s in the hole, and for that I switch to the long-handled shovel.",
"With the turf removed, a long-handled shovel does a good job of removing the dirt. Dig with the blade plumb and the handle pushed forward to keep the walls of the hole straight up and down.",
"To cut the earth straight off the sides of the shaft, you have to lean the shovel handle outward in a way that might seem uncomfortably far away from your body. However, you know that when you’re reaching for the handle, the blade of the shovel is cutting straight down. It is usually around this point in the hole where things go wrong with a rookie because they try to scoop instead of cut. Once you’ve sheared off the sides of the hole into the bottom, then you scoop out the loose fill.",
"That’s pretty much the mojo, although root, rock, clay and other obstructions will conspire to nudge you off course. Nudge them back.",
"Digging the hole involves more cutting than scooping. After cutting the straight walls of the hole, scoop out the loose fill from the bottom.",
"Digging a shaft is harder than most people think, and it takes almost nothing to get off track. It’s kind of like swimming in a straight line under water—there’s nothing to gauge your progress against. A root or rocks can knock even a skid-steer powered auger off line. To help keep the shaft plunging straight down, I employ a whole battery of tools.",
"Digging Bar. My primary go-to for layers of rock-hard clay, smallish rocks and roots is my digging bar. It can pierce and puncture clay layers. I slam it down the edges of the shaft, then I use it to chew up the center of the hole. I then return it to the edge of the hole and pry against the rim until I’m through the clay. Rinse and repeat. And, unless you’ve got calluses on your calluses, wear gloves; this steel likes skin.",
"There’s also nothing more brutal on small roots than the digging bar blade. Kind of like a shear, I plunge the bar down into them. Sometimes I start at the edge of the root to get it cut, then take subsequent blows to get it out.",
"The bar can also pry rocks out from the edge of the shaft. And, if there is an old footing down there, such as the edge of a sidewalk or rock that’ll fracture, you can use the digging bar to delete those obstacles with lead-pipe brutality.",
"However, when pounding down into the hole, make sure to try and keep the rim intact. No matter what happens inside the hole, this is the control point.",
"Recip Saw. Some roots are simply too big for a digging bar to cut through—and too deep for a mattock (awesome root cutter) or axe—to get at. For those, I clear as much dirt from around them as I can and cut them out using my recip saw. Expect dirt to blow up in your face from the saw’s exhaust, and for typical demo blades to gum up because the wood is so green. Skil’s Ugly blade, with its massive gullets and super sharp teeth, really evens the odds.",
"Jackhammer or Rotary Hammer. I’ve encountered dirt so hard that there is simply no other way through it than to go hardcore muscle. For those instances, an electric jackhammer can save the day. I’ve also found my way through uber soil using my rotary hammer and a “spade” type bit. It breaks the soil up just like a jackhammer will, but with less power and more maneuverability. You can rent either tool easily.",
"To meet structural requirements for inspections, whether you’re building a deck or dropping piers for an addition, the inspector not only wants to see the bottom of the hole, but that the bottom is far enough away from the top. An easy way to get a measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight like your shovel or hunk of 2-by so you can sink your tape and get a decent reading.",
"Once the hole is deep enough and relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down with my feet. Every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work.",
"An easy way to get a depth measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight, like your shovel, so you can sink your tape and get a decent reading.",
"The Bottom. Getting every fleck of dirt out of the hole isn’t really possible, so once I’m deep enough and have made the bottom relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down with my feet. Trust me when I tell you that a hole bottom that is flat and free of debris makes positioning a post or tube significantly easier. And every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work. Once they start seeing sloppy stuff, they’re extra vigilant. In other words, if you can’t get the hole right, what else is a mess?",
"In a landscaped yard dirt can co-mingle with the grass and be a mess to clean up, especially on extended projects and/or if it rains. A sheet of plywood is a great bond-break between grass and dirt congealing around it. Sheet plastic works too, as long as you’re re-filling in 24 hours or so. And, on longer projects, it makes sense to cover the dirt pile with plastic to keep it dry so it is easier to work when refilling.",
"You will have more dirt left over after the fact. The post, tube, concrete etc., all take up space—plus the dirt is entrained with air. There are a number of techniques to refill the hole, all of which work with varying degrees of success.",
"You can tamp down the dirt as you refill it (with a tamper, the back of a digging bar or the head of a sledgehammer), but you have to be careful not to move the post as you pack dirt around it. You can also overfill the hole, which will then sink down as water and gravity take effect. The top of the hole may stay proud of the ground or sink below, so this one can be tricky.",
"According to the Us Postal service, your local postmaster must approve the location of your mailbox. This typically means that a roadside mailbox must be located where a carrier can reach inside without leaving the truck. That means positioning it about 41 to 45 in. off the ground and back about 6 to 8 in. from the curb.",
"My main post-hole tools are a spade, long-handled shovel, a digging bar and a tape measure and/or level (for layout and depth measurement). You might notice there is no post-hole digger. Not only are they brutal to use (I have rarely been as sore after a day behind a post-hole digger), but they either don’t cut a big enough hole, won’t cut through tough soil, or they don’t scoop out as much dirt as I can get with my shovel. I’m not saying they don’t work, but when you’re staring down a dozen 40-in. deep holes for a fence, any move you can save is a good move.",
"Fontanot Arke` Stairs introduces the SKY030 spiral staircase. The SKY030 is manufactured in varnished steel with a particular treatment (Sendzimir process) that consists of a hot-dipped galvanization and subsequent powder coated varnish. This process insures weather resistance and durability. The final result is a staircase that is highly resistant to atmospheric elements. It can support temperatures ranging from -4°F to [...]",
"Milwaukee Tool unveils the next generation of legendary performance and durability with their newest M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw. Designed for the toughest applications on the jobsite, this is the fastest cutting reciprocating saw in its class and the most durable SAWZALL® reciprocating saw yet. Also available is a version with One-KeyTM which allows users to customize performance for unrivaled [...]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "Digging the Perfect Post-Hole - Extreme How To\n\n### Explore:\n\n * Latest Products\n * Extreme How-To Blog\n * Tool Reviews\n * About Us\n * Contact Us\n * Media Kit\n\n# Digging the Perfect Post-Hole\n\nGardening, Landscaping, Outdoors August 6, 2012 Sonia\n\nBy Mark Clement\n\n## The Hole truth: Tips for digging the perfect Post-Hole\n\nA post-hole is more than just a hole in the earth. It is a shaft cut straight\ndown into the ground to particular size in a particular place, despite all the\nroot and rock obstacles between your shovel point and the bottom. It is also a\nheck of a lot of work, so I want to do it right the first time whenever\npossible.\n\n“Right?” You might ask. “Dude, it’s a hole. Taking yourself a little too\nseriously? Grab your post-hole digger and get to it.”\n\nThis reply might fly, say for a mailbox post (but even those must comply with\nmailbox placement regulations—see Side Note 1).\n\nHowever, for a deck, fence or pergola, post holes need to be right or\nsomething goes seriously wrong with carpentry layout, profitability and/or\ninspection. If they’re not the right shape and correct depth, they won’t fly.\n\nI’ve dug (and re-dug) hundreds of post holes, both alone and with other\npeople, who swear they know how to do it. The key to digging post holes\ncorrectly is to understand what you’re digging and to throw away old\nassumptions about the tools everyone has in their shed or garage.\n\nWhat it is\n\nIt’s best to think about post holes as shafts. They descend straight (plumb)\ndown from where you start digging them. The sides of the shaft are straight\nand the bottom of the hole is flat (or at least flat-ish). In other words, if\nyour hole looks like a cup or a bowl, well, it’s not a post-hole.\n\nThis concept is pretty easy to get your head around. In reality, however, it\nis more difficult to execute because it requires us to use the most basic\ntools we own (shovels, digging bars, etc.) that we’ve all used a zillion times\nfor shoveling projects—mulch/snow, leveling the yard, turning over the\ngarden—in a different way. Digging a proper posthole is all about getting\nstarted in the right place and going the right direction. And that is harder\nthan it sounds.\n\nCheck local building codes for post-hole size requirements. Deck posts often\nrequire a 16” square hole.\n\nGetting Started\n\nDifferent people lay out post-hole locations differently, usually by running\nstrings or pulling lay-out from an existing structure. However you get there,\nthe first thing to do is mark the whole hole.\n\nCenter. The first thing I mark is the center of the hole. I then take a screw\nor nail, shove it through a hunk of caution tape or red duct tape, and plug it\ninto the ground. Next, I grab a can of spray paint and paint a 24-in. “X”\nacross the center of the hole. (I learned this trick in Joplin, Missouri,\nbuilding the Boomtown playground with the crew of Extreme Makeover: Home\nEdition.) This cross mark helps keep me on target. The first step is to dig\nout the screw marking the hole’s center.\n\nGet the Shape, Cut the Sod\n\nLike many projects, starting on the right foot is an indicator of things to\ncome. For post holes, I like to slice the earth at the top of the hole in a\nsquare, and there’s hardly a better tool for that than a garden spade. You can\nmeasure your hole width (decks with 6-by-6 posts or 12-in. builder’s tube\nusually require a hole that is 16-by-16-in. square or diameter or larger).\n\nKeep the blade plumb and jump straight down on the spade to cut the walls of\nthe shaft-shaped hole.\n\nStart digging with a garden spade to cut through the turf.\n\nThe other critical job the spade does is help get the sides of the hole going\ndown straight from the get-go—which is the first hardest part of the job and\nthe thing that’ll chase you right down to the bottom of the hole. Lean the\nhandle away from you to get the blade plumb, and then jump on the bad boy like\nyou mean it to sink the blade below the sod.\n\nEarthwork\n\nI like the spade to get started, but after getting under the sod, I need to\nscoop out the loose dirt that’s in the hole, and for that I switch to the\nlong-handled shovel.\n\nWith the turf removed, a long-handled shovel does a good job of removing the\ndirt. Dig with the blade plumb and the handle pushed forward to keep the walls\nof the hole straight up and down.\n\nStore the excavated dirt on plastic or plywood to keep the surrounding lawn\nand landscape clean.\n\nTo cut the earth straight off the sides of the shaft, you have to lean the\nshovel handle outward in a way that might seem uncomfortably far away from\nyour body. However, you know that when you’re reaching for the handle, the\nblade of the shovel is cutting straight down. It is usually around this point\nin the hole where things go wrong with a rookie because they try to scoop\ninstead of cut. Once you’ve sheared off the sides of the hole into the bottom,\nthen you scoop out the loose fill.\n\nThat’s pretty much the mojo, although root, rock, clay and other obstructions\nwill conspire to nudge you off course. Nudge them back.\n\nDigging the hole involves more cutting than scooping. After cutting the\nstraight walls of the hole, scoop out the loose fill from the bottom.\n\nObstacles\n\nDigging a shaft is harder than most people think, and it takes almost nothing\nto get off track. It’s kind of like swimming in a straight line under\nwater—there’s nothing to gauge your progress against. A root or rocks can\nknock even a skid-steer powered auger off line. To help keep the shaft\nplunging straight down, I employ a whole battery of tools.\n\nDigging Bar. My primary go-to for layers of rock-hard clay, smallish rocks and\nroots is my digging bar. It can pierce and puncture clay layers. I slam it\ndown the edges of the shaft, then I use it to chew up the center of the hole.\nI then return it to the edge of the hole and pry against the rim until I’m\nthrough the clay. Rinse and repeat. And, unless you’ve got calluses on your\ncalluses, wear gloves; this steel likes skin.\n\nThere’s also nothing more brutal on small roots than the digging bar blade.\nKind of like a shear, I plunge the bar down into them. Sometimes I start at\nthe edge of the root to get it cut, then take subsequent blows to get it out.\n\nThe bar can also pry rocks out from the edge of the shaft. And, if there is an\nold footing down there, such as the edge of a sidewalk or rock that’ll\nfracture, you can use the digging bar to delete those obstacles with lead-pipe\nbrutality.\n\nHowever, when pounding down into the hole, make sure to try and keep the rim\nintact. No matter what happens inside the hole, this is the control point.\n\nRecip Saw. Some roots are simply too big for a digging bar to cut through—and\ntoo deep for a mattock (awesome root cutter) or axe—to get at. For those, I\nclear as much dirt from around them as I can and cut them out using my recip\nsaw. Expect dirt to blow up in your face from the saw’s exhaust, and for\ntypical demo blades to gum up because the wood is so green. Skil’s Ugly blade,\nwith its massive gullets and super sharp teeth, really evens the odds.\n\nJackhammer or Rotary Hammer. I’ve encountered dirt so hard that there is\nsimply no other way through it than to go hardcore muscle. For those\ninstances, an electric jackhammer can save the day. I’ve also found my way\nthrough uber soil using my rotary hammer and a “spade” type bit. It breaks the\nsoil up just like a jackhammer will, but with less power and more\nmaneuverability. You can rent either tool easily.\n\nDepth\n\nTo meet structural requirements for inspections, whether you’re building a\ndeck or dropping piers for an addition, the inspector not only wants to see\nthe bottom of the hole, but that the bottom is far enough away from the top.\nAn easy way to get a measurement is to bridge the hole with something straight\nlike your shovel or hunk of 2-by so you can sink your tape and get a decent\nreading.\n\nOnce the hole is deep enough and relatively flat, I jump in and tamp it down\nwith my feet. Every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work.\n\nAn easy way to get a depth measurement is to bridge the hole with something\nstraight, like your shovel, so you can sink your tape and get a decent\nreading.\n\nThe Bottom. Getting every fleck of dirt out of the hole isn’t really possible,\nso once I’m deep enough and have made the bottom relatively flat, I jump in\nand tamp it down with my feet. Trust me when I tell you that a hole bottom\nthat is flat and free of debris makes positioning a post or tube significantly\neasier. And every inspector I’ve met likes to see nice, neat work. Once they\nstart seeing sloppy stuff, they’re extra vigilant. In other words, if you\ncan’t get the hole right, what else is a mess?\n\nExtra Dirt and The Refill\n\nIn a landscaped yard dirt can co-mingle with the grass and be a mess to clean\nup, especially on extended projects and/or if it rains. A sheet of plywood is\na great bond-break between grass and dirt congealing around it. Sheet plastic\nworks too, as long as you’re re-filling in 24 hours or so. And, on longer\nprojects, it makes sense to cover the dirt pile with plastic to keep it dry so\nit is easier to work when refilling.\n\nYou will have more dirt left over after the fact. The post, tube, concrete\netc., all take up space—plus the dirt is entrained with air. There are a\nnumber of techniques to refill the hole, all of which work with varying\ndegrees of success.\n\nYou can tamp down the dirt as you refill it (with a tamper, the back of a\ndigging bar or the head of a sledgehammer), but you have to be careful not to\nmove the post as you pack dirt around it. You can also overfill the hole,\nwhich will then sink down as water and gravity take effect. The top of the\nhole may stay proud of the ground or sink below, so this one can be tricky.\n\nThe bottom line is that in order to build up, you have to dig in and dig down\nfirst.\n\nSIDE NOTE 1\n\nMailbox Guidelines\n\nAccording to the Us Postal service, your local postmaster must approve the\nlocation of your mailbox. This typically means that a roadside mailbox must be\nlocated where a carrier can reach inside without leaving the truck. That means\npositioning it about 41 to 45 in. off the ground and back about 6 to 8 in.\nfrom the curb.\n\nSIDE NOTE 2\n\nPost-Hole Tools\n\nMy main post-hole tools are a spade, long-handled shovel, a digging bar and a\ntape measure and/or level (for layout and depth measurement). You might notice\nthere is no post-hole digger. Not only are they brutal to use (I have rarely\nbeen as sore after a day behind a post-hole digger), but they either don’t cut\na big enough hole, won’t cut through tough soil, or they don’t scoop out as\nmuch dirt as I can get with my shovel. I’m not saying they don’t work, but\nwhen you’re staring down a dozen 40-in. deep holes for a fence, any move you\ncan save is a good move.\n\n## Recommended Articles\n\n## Free Newsletter Signup\n\nEnter e-mail address to subscribe and get latest updates and info.\n\n## EHT Spotlight\n\n### Fontanot Arke` Sky030 Spiral Staircase\n\nFontanot Arke` Stairs introduces the SKY030 spiral staircase. The SKY030 is\nmanufactured in varnished steel with a particular treatment (Sendzimir\nprocess) that consists of a hot-dipped galvanization and subsequent powder\ncoated varnish. This process insures weather resistance and durability. The\nfinal result is a staircase that is highly resistant to atmospheric elements.\nIt can support temperatures ranging from -4°F to [...]\n\n## Hot Product\n\n### Milwaukee® M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw\n\nMilwaukee Tool unveils the next generation of legendary performance and\ndurability with their newest M18 FUELTM SAWZALL® Reciprocating Saw. Designed\nfor the toughest applications on the jobsite, this is the fastest cutting\nreciprocating saw in its class and the most durable SAWZALL® reciprocating saw\nyet. Also available is a version with One-KeyTM which allows users to\ncustomize performance for unrivaled [...]\n\n#### Top 12 Articles\n\n * 2020 Holiday Gift Guide\n * Step-by-Step Outdoor Spiral Staircase Construction\n * DIY Deck Building – Step by Step\n * Coating a Countertop\n * Protecting Outdoor Wood\n * Cabinet Building Basics for DIY’ers\n * How To Cut And Install Crown Molding And Trim\n * Roof Framing 101\n * How to Build Stairs—A DIY Guide\n * Understanding House Framing\n * Soffits Up Close\n * Remodel with Prefinished Stair Treads\n * Re-Laminate Your Countertops\n * Build a Shadowbox Privacy Fence\n * Install Plywood Underlayment for Vinyl Flooring\n * Build a Retaining Wall\n * Building a Drive-Thru Backyard Shed\n\n#### Categories\n\n * Automotive\n * Construction How-To\n * Basement\n * Cabinet\n * Countertops\n * Demolition\n * Doors\n * Energy Efficiency\n * Finish Carpentry\n * Flooring Installation\n * Framing\n * Furniture\n * Gutters\n\n * Lighting\n * Molding\n * Water Heaters\n * Porches and Gazebos\n * Railing\n * Roofing\n * Siding and Exterior\n * Stairs\n * Stone and Concrete\n * Trim Carpentry\n * Waterproofing\n * Decorating\n * DIY Questions and Answer\n * DIY Projects\n\n * Floors\n * Garages\n * Windows & Doors\n * Floors\n * Hardwood\n * Laminate and Engineered\n * Tile\n * Vinyl\n * Heating & Air Conditioning\n * Alternative Methods of Heating\n * Alternative Heating & Fireplace Inserts\n\n * Radiant Heat\n * Related Products\n * Wood burning\n * Outdoor Living\n * Decks\n * Fences\n * Gardening\n * Patios\n * Porches and Gazebos\n * Swimming Pool\n * Plumbing\n * PEX\n * Shower Pan\n * Water Heaters\n\n * Remodeling\n * Bath\n * Bedroom\n * Kitchen\n * Tools\n * Cutting Tools\n * Ladders\n * Outdoor power equipment\n * Painting\n * Power Tools\n * Windows & Doors\n * Woodworking\n * Videos\n * Tool Reviews\n * Directory\n\nCopyright 2020 Extreme How To. All Right Reserved.\n\nPrivacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210423090644/https://plasticinehouse.com/popular-shed-foundations/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)",
"passages": [
"Ever opened the garage door and can’t find anything, or fit the car in? The yard is cluttered with kids’ bikes and the snow shovels greet visitors at the door in the summer? Where to put it all?",
"You need a shed! Everyone has a shed! They lean this way or that way, the door sticks, or the floor rots out. Some are wood, others plastic or steel, do-it- yourself or prebuilt. Where to start?",
"The best place to start is the shed foundation. A proper base will support the type of shed you build or buy. What kind of foundation do you need? What are their pros and cons of each? What’s on-grade or permanent? Do you need a Building Permit? What will it all cost?",
"This article about most popular shed foundations will help answer these questions. It’ll help you decide on the best foundation for your shed.",
"Ever stood in your yard after it rains? Your feet get wet. The same thing happens to your shed. If it sits on the ground, it will get wet from the ground moisture. This will cause wood to rot and metal to rust. It will cause the contents of the shed to be damp.",
"Additionally, the ground isn’t flat. Uneven ground makes doors stick and affects the stability of your shed. A foundation lifts your shed off the ground. It provides a stable and level base so the doors open, and your shed lasts longer.",
"Before you begin any construction project, you should consult your local Building Inspector. If you don’t you could face fines and/or have to remove what you’ve built.",
"Some communities have restrictions on the size and style of outbuildings (sheds). The Inspector will know the limits and are often a fountain of information. They will inform you about any setbacks or easements to respect.",
"They should also be familiar with soil types in their local. If you need a Building Permit, they’ll let you know that too.",
"An On-Grade shed foundation is one that sits on the ground. It can be a skid, gravel, patio stone, block or post, or even plastic construction. In 20 years you could remove your shed.",
"Take the shed base out is as easy as putting it in, rake it over, plant grass seed, and it would disappear. A Permanent Foundation is just that, permanent.",
"It’s a concrete slab, excavated block or poured wall, or concrete pier. In 20 years it will still need a lot of work to remove. The pros and cons of each are below.",
"An easy shed foundation for the beginner and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds. A foundation of pavers sits on leveled exposed ground or a sand base. They provide a solid flat base upon which to build or set a shed and evenly support the floor.",
"The bigger the paver, the heavier it is, but the fewer you need. Pavers are great on flat ground for smaller sheds of wood, metal, or plastic construction with or without a floor. Using pavers places the entry close to, or on the ground so good for riding lawn mowers or quads.",
"Complexity: Easy Once the ground is level, pavers are easy to lay. If placed on the sand there’s an extra step leveling before putting the pavers. Sand does make it easier to level the pavers too.",
"Construction Cost: $100.00-$200.00 The cost of pavers depends on their size, color and shape. Some large pavers are available with steel mesh inside them but are more expensive. I prefer 24”x24” or 24”x30” (heavier but cover more). Adding a sand layer increases the cost too.",
"A relatively easy foundation for the beginner and a good base for any sized shed. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Concrete blocks are square or rectangular in shape.",
"Only use solid-concrete blocks. They sit on the ground and need to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions and ground slope dictate how many blocks you need.",
"The sloped ground may need stacked blocks to form a tower level with other block towers. Support the corners and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy equipment) and the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 blocks, more if you use towers for leveling.",
"Complexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the foundation blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the blocks with each other and squaring the corners. The level of difficulty increases for sloped ground.",
"Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The cost of solid-concrete blocks depends on their size and shape. The number required will depend on the dimensions of the shed and the slope of the ground. How high off the ground you want the shed to be is also a factor.",
"An excellent foundation for any size shed. It is also fairly easy for a novice DIYer. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Deck blocks are square based- pyramidal in shape.",
"They have channels in the top for wooden framing. They sit on the ground and need to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions determine the number of blocks you need.",
"Support each corner and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy equipment) and through the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 deck blocks – 3 per long side. Good for flat lot, not slopes.",
"Great for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages. Places the shed closer to the ground; so easy access for lawn mowers or quads.",
"Complexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the deck blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the deck blocks to each other and squaring the corners.",
"Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 Deck blocks and patio stones are similar in price. The number required is less though and depends on the dimensions of the shed.",
"A relatively easy foundation for any size shed and great for ready-made or home built sheds. The size makes this more difficult for the novice DIYer.",
"The gravel pad and timber frame foundation is good for the flat ground. Use pit-run or 1”-crusher run gravel. It has smaller particles in it and packs into a more stable base.",
"Compact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel level. The pad is on the ground and should be 2’ wider and longer than your shed.",
"Remove the sod and/or cover it with garden cloth, then spread out and tamp down the gravel. It should be 4”-6” thick and level. Shed dimensions dictate how large an area you need.",
"Use a half-lap joint where the timbers meet. Square the corners and level the lumber with each other. Drill the joints and hammer a length of rebar through into the ground.",
"Complexity: Relatively Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level gravel layer. Leveling the 4”x4’s to each other and squaring the corners are the difficult steps for this foundation.",
"Construction Cost: $200.00 – $400.00 The cost of gravel fluctuates with location. Rolls of garden cloth often go on sale. The amount of gravel and the number of 4”x4”s depends on the dimensions of the shed.",
"If you need to add a second layer of pressure treated lumber use galvanized spikes to join them to the layer below",
"A skid foundation is a quick and easy way to support a shed and easy for even the beginner to build. We’re not talking commercial delivery skids. It comprises of 2 or more pressure treated 4”x4”s, 6”x6”s, 8”x8”s or even logs laid parallel to support the length of the building.",
"The shed sits on and is evenly supported by, the skids. The skids, also called runners, usually sit directly on the ground. This means you want relatively flat terrain.",
"Historically, the skids meant the shed could be skidded to another location. It is a good idea to dig a trench where the skids will lay, then tamp in gravel ensuring the surface is level and drained.",
"This will help protect the wood and make leveling easier. The trench should be wider and longer than your skid. I helped move a 10’x30’ cabin built 90+ years ago on log skids. We used ropes and a half to truck; the 100 yard move was easier than expected.",
"Complexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level gravel layer. The difficult steps are leveling the skids themselves and to each other.",
"Construction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The amount of gravel (if used), plus the dimension and number of skids (determined by the shed size), affect the cost.",
"A newer type of foundation made from recycled material. It’s easy for the beginner to put together and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds.",
"It sits directly on the ground, so the flat ground is best. It is similar to concrete paver construction, but much lighter. The ground preparation is easy, ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.",
"Once the ground is level, roll out the garden cloth. Place the interlocking grid blocks, connect together, and level. The blocks can even be cut to size with a hand saw.",
"Once the base is level, fill the open grid with pea gravel. The base should be the same dimensions as your shed, but can be wider.",
"The grid holds the pea gravel in place and allows moisture to percolate through. The grid also helps keep the base of the shed drier than concrete pavers.",
"The plastic grid can be used for sheds with or without floors and provides even support for floors. Ideal for use with riding lawn mowers or other wheeled equipment as it sits on or close to ground level. Available here.",
"Complexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections a sand layer. The difficult steps are leveling the grids themselves and to each other.",
"Construction Cost: $150.00 – $300.00 The amount of pea gravel, garden cloth, and number of grids affect the cost of construction.",
"They can be used for the manufactured shed, or to support other small sheds of the same size. It’s easy for the beginner to put together.",
"It sits on the ground which means you need a flat area. The foundation pieces may also be lighter weight for moving around.",
"The ground preparation is easy too. Ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.",
"Prepare the ground. Place the foundation pieces (following the Manufacturer’s instructions), connect together, and level. The base should be the same dimensions as your shed.",
"Complexity: Easy Leveling the ground and manufactured foundation are the difficult steps for this foundation. Reading and interpreting the instructions can be difficult too.",
"Construction Cost: $50.00 – $100.00 The cost of the kit, garden cloth, plus any required materials, set the cost (see today's price here).",
"An excellent foundation for any shed size, but more difficult to build. Good for home built sheds and some prefab.",
"The holes should have 6”s of gravel in the bottom for drainage. There are plastic pier forms which can be set into an excavation dug to the frost line. They are then buried and filled with concrete (after being plumbed and leveled).",
"The most common though are cardboard tubes. They are placed into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place. Backfill the space around the tube, then fill with concrete.",
"All the tubes/forms need to be in aligned in their exact location on the string line. The piers need to line up with the framing they will attach to and support.",
"Each pier should extend at least 6” above ground level, but can extend higher if desired. The top of the piers should be level with each other.",
"Pressure treated 4”x4” (6”x6”, 8”x8”) posts can sit on top of the piers to provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams.",
"Before the concrete hardens in the piers, set pier or post ties and align in place. Shed dimensions determine the number of piers you need. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 piers – 3 per long side.",
"Once the piers have cured, beams can be set in place on the piers (or pier and post) and leveled with shims.",
"Complexity: Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the piers extend above the ground. Making the piers level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty.",
"Construction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 The poured concrete, number of tubes/forms, pier or post ties, plus dimension lumber for beams all affect the cost. The number of concrete piers required will depend on the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.",
"A great foundation for any size shed: ready-made or home-built, a garage, or even a 2 story house. The different steps are what make this more difficult for the novice DIYer, and it’s a more difficult foundation to build.",
"Shed dimensions dictate how large an area you need. The finished slab is strong enough to support vehicles and sits on the ground so it’s easy to drive in to. Ensure you have access to the concrete truck, or you may need a pumper truck or crane at added expense.",
"This is NOT a step-by-step for making a concrete slab. It identifies many of the steps you need to become knowledgeable about.",
"Set the 4 corner stakes, ensuring the corners are square. Use a string line and level to determine ground slopes. The more slope, the more material to move. If built on solid, well-drained soil your slab will last longer.",
"Remove the sod and top 4” – 6” of soil creating a level base. Using 2”x12”s to form the perimeter; stake the corners and adjust so they are square and level. The thickness of concrete and gravel determines how high the forms need to be.",
"4”-6” of concrete on 6”-8”s gravel places your forms several inches off the ground. If placing rigid foam under the concrete pad you’ll need to raise the forms higher. If you want a 4” or 6” thick concrete pad, then the tamped gravel needs to level out 4” or 6”s below the top of the forms.",
"Once the forms are in place, they should be vertically braced and the top diagonally braced every 2 feet. Spread the 6” – 8” of gravel to fill the pad (You may need engineered gravel). Compact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel base level.",
"The perimeter of your gravel pad should slope downward to 2”s thick of gravel for the outside 12”s of the perimeter. This makes a footing which helps support the walls of your building.",
"Cover the pad with 6 mil plastic (poly) sheet to help keep moisture out of your concrete pad once it sets. Use 1⁄2” rebar in the perimeter and lay a 4’ grid of rebar on the gravel pad. Bend it at the perimeter to connect with the perimeter rebar.",
"You can use 6”x6” steel mesh instead of the rebar grid. Use blocks or rebar rests to lift the rebar off the poly. You’re now ready to pour, screed, vibrate the perimeter, and finish the pad surface as desired – smooth, glossy, or brushed.",
"If attaching a sill plate, place anchor bolts every 4 feet around the perimeter before the concrete hardens (not in doorways). You may need expansion grooves cut in too depending on the size of the concrete foundation.",
"If it looks like rain, cover with plastic to protect the surface. Once the concrete is cured (24 hours), remove the forms. Before you backfill you may want to address any drainage issues.",
"Complexity: Difficult There are many steps to this type of foundation. It is a permanent foundation, so mistakes are permanent.",
"Construction Cost: $2500.00 – $4000.00 (for a 300sqft pad) The cost of materials will vary with location. Equipment rentals/hires and Building Code requirements also add to the cost.",
"Use deck screws instead of nails to hold the forms; easier to make adjustments and to dismantle at the end of the project",
"This is a good foundation for any size shed; home built or prefab. It is similar to the concrete pier construction but more forgiving.",
"It uses 6”x6” or 8”x8” pressure treated posts placed in holes dug or drilled into the ground to the frost line (or bedrock). Only dig down as far as you need, the posts should sit on undisturbed soil. The holes should have gravel in the bottom for drainage.",
"You can mix and pour a bag of concrete into each hole too. The posts are placed into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place, then backfilled and tamped. Leave the packed soil mounded around the post.",
"All the posts need to be in the exact location to line up with the framing they will attach to and support. Each post can extend several feet above ground level. The top of the posts can be leveled with each other after they are all set. They provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams to sit on.",
"Cut the posts level with each other, then notch for the beams (make sure to notch the correct side of each post).",
"Shed dimensions determine the number of posts you need. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 posts – 3 per long side. Once the posts are notched, place the beam in place, drill holes for carriage bolts, and bolt into place.",
"Diagonal braces should be attached between the posts to beam for lateral support. Good for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages.",
"Complexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the posts extend above the ground. Making the posts level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty.",
"Construction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 Gravel, concrete, number and dimensions of posts, and beams all affect the cost. The number posts required will depend on the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost. How high off the ground you want the shed to be must also be considered.",
"This is a good foundation for any size shed or house; home built or prefab. Great for any soil type too.",
"It is similar to concrete pier and post and beam construction. The screw piles are galvanized steel posts with a screw end. They come in a choice of lengths and diameters. Some need a small excavator with a special attachment to screw them into the ground to the frost line.",
"Other types use a special handheld powered screwdriver – hope you have strong wrists. The screw helps to prevent vertical frost lift. There is also minimal settling since the soil is undisturbed by digging.",
"Once in place, attach the beams and joists and build on. Suitable for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any type material.",
"Complexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the posts extend above the ground. Making the piles level vertically and horizontally increases the level of difficulty. This becomes Easy if you hire a certified installer and get a guarantee.",
"Construction Cost: $500.00 – $1000.00 The screw piles, a method of installation, and the lumber for the beams affect the cost. The number piles required will depend on the dimensions of the building. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.",
"Your choice of foundation is an important decision. It helps keep your shed level and dry, and provides a stable base for it. All extend the life of your storage shed.",
"Most on-grade shed foundations are easier to build and don’t need a lot of special tools or expertise. Select the one that fits the type of shed you want it to support, and the location you want it to in. Your Building Inspector can answer many of your questions too.",
"Permanent foundations tend to be more complicated and may need more ability. This doesn’t mean you can’t do it; it means you need to become more knowledgeable about your choice of foundation. Always involve the Building Inspector with all permanent foundations.",
"Base your choice on the size and type of shed you want to build. What you’re going to store in it, what the location requires, and your budget also affects your decision. A small shed has different requirements than a large one. The open bottom or built-in floor, sloped or flat ground, all affect your choice.",
"Your comments are appreciated. If you know someone who is thinking about building a shed foundation, share with them if you liked it.",
"Eugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking.",
"Hi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have built two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool stuff and help my wife with her garden. About me",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)\n\nSkip to content\n\n# 11 Most Popular Shed Foundation Options (#3 is My Favorite)\n\n19661shares\n\n * Share\n * Pin\n\nLast updated October 7, 2020\n\nEver opened the garage door and can’t find anything, or fit the car in? The\nyard is cluttered with kids’ bikes and the snow shovels greet visitors at the\ndoor in the summer? Where to put it all?\n\nYou need a shed! Everyone has a shed! They lean this way or that way, the door\nsticks, or the floor rots out. Some are wood, others plastic or steel, do-it-\nyourself or prebuilt. Where to start?\n\nThe best place to start is the shed foundation. A proper base will support the\ntype of shed you build or buy. What kind of foundation do you need? What are\ntheir pros and cons of each? What’s on-grade or permanent? Do you need a\nBuilding Permit? What will it all cost?\n\nThis article about most popular shed foundations will help answer these\nquestions. It’ll help you decide on the best foundation for your shed.\n\nQuick Navigation\n\n * Does My Shed Need a Foundation?\n * Contact Your Local Building Inspector\n * On-Grade vs Permanent Shed Foundation\n * Popular Types of Foundations Used for Sheds\n\n * #1 Shed Foundation with Concrete Pavers\n * #2 Solid Concrete Blocks\n * #3 Deck Blocks\n * #4 Gravel Pad and Timber Frame\n * #5 Skid Foundations\n * #6 Plastic Foundations (or Plastic Garden Shed Base Grid)\n * #7 Kit from Manufacturer\n * #8 Concrete Piers and Beams Foundation for a Shed\n * #9 Concrete Slab – Best Shed Foundation\n * #10 Post and Beams\n * #11 Screw Piles\n * How to Choose the Right Foundation for My Shed?\n\n## Does My Shed Need a Foundation?\n\nEver stood in your yard after it rains? Your feet get wet. The same thing\nhappens to your shed. If it sits on the ground, it will get wet from the\nground moisture. This will cause wood to rot and metal to rust. It will cause\nthe contents of the shed to be damp.\n\nAdditionally, the ground isn’t flat. Uneven ground makes doors stick and\naffects the stability of your shed. A foundation lifts your shed off the\nground. It provides a stable and level base so the doors open, and your shed\nlasts longer.\n\n## Contact Your Local Building Inspector\n\nBefore you begin any construction project, you should consult your local\nBuilding Inspector. If you don’t you could face fines and/or have to remove\nwhat you’ve built.\n\nSome communities have restrictions on the size and style of outbuildings\n(sheds). The Inspector will know the limits and are often a fountain of\ninformation. They will inform you about any setbacks or easements to respect.\n\nThey should also be familiar with soil types in their local. If you need a\nBuilding Permit, they’ll let you know that too.\n\n## On-Grade vs Permanent Shed Foundation\n\nAn On-Grade shed foundation is one that sits on the ground. It can be a skid,\ngravel, patio stone, block or post, or even plastic construction. In 20 years\nyou could remove your shed.\n\nTake the shed base out is as easy as putting it in, rake it over, plant grass\nseed, and it would disappear. A Permanent Foundation is just that, permanent.\n\nIt’s a concrete slab, excavated block or poured wall, or concrete pier. In 20\nyears it will still need a lot of work to remove. The pros and cons of each\nare below.\n\n## Popular Types of Foundations Used for Sheds\n\nOn-grade Shed Foundations\n\n### #1 Shed Foundation with Concrete Pavers\n\nAn easy shed foundation for the beginner and good for prebuilt or a home built\nsheds. A foundation of pavers sits on leveled exposed ground or a sand base.\nThey provide a solid flat base upon which to build or set a shed and evenly\nsupport the floor.\n\nThe bigger the paver, the heavier it is, but the fewer you need. Pavers are\ngreat on flat ground for smaller sheds of wood, metal, or plastic construction\nwith or without a floor. Using pavers places the entry close to, or on the\nground so good for riding lawn mowers or quads.\n\nComplexity: Easy Once the ground is level, pavers are easy to lay. If placed\non the sand there’s an extra step leveling before putting the pavers. Sand\ndoes make it easier to level the pavers too.\n\nConstruction Cost: $100.00-$200.00 The cost of pavers depends on their size,\ncolor and shape. Some large pavers are available with steel mesh inside them\nbut are more expensive. I prefer 24”x24” or 24”x30” (heavier but cover more).\nAdding a sand layer increases the cost too.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * Throughout the build, check your levels.\n * Use sand to make leveling easier.\n * Garden cloth under the pavers helps reduce weeds coming up in the cracks.\n * Don’t make it larger than the shed base as roof run-off can pool and seep into your shed.\n\nPros\n\n * Available in several colors, shapes and sizes\n * Quick and easy install\n * Continuous support of shed floor, or makes a good floor\n * Can secure shed/walls to pavers\n\nCons\n\n * Can settle into the soil over time\n * Pavers become uneven to each other\n * Can crack with heavy loads\n * Not suitable for large sheds\n\nLay Shed Foundation With Paving Slabs\n\n### #2 Solid Concrete Blocks\n\nImage courtesy of finehomebuilding.com\n\nA relatively easy foundation for the beginner and a good base for any sized\nshed. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Concrete blocks are square or\nrectangular in shape.\n\nOnly use solid-concrete blocks. They sit on the ground and need to be level,\nand level with each other. Shed dimensions and ground slope dictate how many\nblocks you need.\n\nThe sloped ground may need stacked blocks to form a tower level with other\nblock towers. Support the corners and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer\nif for heavy equipment) and the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6\nblocks, more if you use towers for leveling.\n\nComplexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the\nfoundation blocks. The difficult steps are leveling the blocks with each other\nand squaring the corners. The level of difficulty increases for sloped ground.\n\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The cost of solid-concrete blocks depends\non their size and shape. The number required will depend on the dimensions of\nthe shed and the slope of the ground. How high off the ground you want the\nshed to be is also a factor.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * Suitable for flat yard or slopes with a difference of 24” or less for the run of the shed\n * Always re-check your levels as you build your shed foundation. Great for use with any shed material\n * Use for sheds, cabins and cottages\n * Not ideal for heavy machinery due to structural weight bearing and possible vibration issues\n * The floor isn’t fully supported and vibrations can cause block towers to shift\n\nPros\n\n * Available in several shapes and sizes (12”x12”x4”, 4”x 8”x16”, 2”x8”x16”)\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to stack and level\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\n * The distance between blocks is not supported\n * Not suitable for slopes of greater than 24”\n\nBuild Shed Foundation with Concrete Blocks\n\n### #3 Deck Blocks\n\nAn excellent foundation for any size shed. It is also fairly easy for a novice\nDIYer. Good for prefab or home built sheds. Deck blocks are square based-\npyramidal in shape.\n\nThey have channels in the top for wooden framing. They sit on the ground and\nneed to be level, and level with each other. Shed dimensions determine the\nnumber of blocks you need.\n\nSupport each corner and every 6’ to 8’ on the perimeter (closer if for heavy\nequipment) and through the middle area. An 8’x12’ shed would use 6 deck blocks\n– 3 per long side. Good for flat lot, not slopes.\n\nGreat for use with any shed material. Use for sheds, cabins and cottages.\nPlaces the shed closer to the ground; so easy access for lawn mowers or quads.\n\nNot ideal for heavy machinery due to structural weight bearing as the floor\nisn’t fully supported.\n\nComplexity: Relatively Easy You are not leveling the ground, only the deck\nblocks. The difficult steps are leveling the deck blocks to each other and\nsquaring the corners.\n\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 Deck blocks and patio stones are similar in\nprice. The number required is less though and depends on the dimensions of the\nshed.\n\nPro Tip: Remember to check your levels as you build.\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to leveled\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time\n * The distance between blocks is not supported\n * Not good for sloped surface\n\nBuild Shed Base with Deck Blocks\n\n### #4 Gravel Pad and Timber Frame\n\nImage courtesy of Classic Buildings\n\nA relatively easy foundation for any size shed and great for ready-made or\nhome built sheds. The size makes this more difficult for the novice DIYer.\n\nThe gravel pad and timber frame foundation is good for the flat ground. Use\npit-run or 1”-crusher run gravel. It has smaller particles in it and packs\ninto a more stable base.\n\nCompact the gravel using a gas powered compactor; working to keep the gravel\nlevel. The pad is on the ground and should be 2’ wider and longer than your\nshed.\n\nRemove the sod and/or cover it with garden cloth, then spread out and tamp\ndown the gravel. It should be 4”-6” thick and level. Shed dimensions dictate\nhow large an area you need.\n\nPlace pressure treated 4”x4” (or 4”x6”, 6”x6”) timbers on the gravel in the\nsame dimensions as the shed.\n\nUse a half-lap joint where the timbers meet. Square the corners and level the\nlumber with each other. Drill the joints and hammer a length of rebar through\ninto the ground.\n\nComplexity: Relatively Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections\nunder the level gravel layer. Leveling the 4”x4’s to each other and squaring\nthe corners are the difficult steps for this foundation.\n\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $400.00 The cost of gravel fluctuates with\nlocation. Rolls of garden cloth often go on sale. The amount of gravel and the\nnumber of 4”x4”s depends on the dimensions of the shed.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * A 6” gravel thickness is better than 4”\n * The gravel base has to be level\n * If you need to add a second layer of pressure treated lumber use galvanized spikes to join them to the layer below\n * Recommend pre-drilling so it’s easier to nail\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to leveled\n * Shed is on or close to land level\n * Use with sheds with or without a floor\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot\n * May need a drainage ditch\n * May need a retaining wall to hold gravel in place\n * Not suitable for sloped yard\n\nBuild Gravel Pad Foundation for a Shed\n\nRelated: Popular Roof Styles for Sheds (With Pictures)\n\n### #5 Skid Foundations\n\nImage courtesy of Shed to House\n\nA skid foundation is a quick and easy way to support a shed and easy for even\nthe beginner to build. We’re not talking commercial delivery skids. It\ncomprises of 2 or more pressure treated 4”x4”s, 6”x6”s, 8”x8”s or even logs\nlaid parallel to support the length of the building.\n\nThe shed sits on and is evenly supported by, the skids. The skids, also called\nrunners, usually sit directly on the ground. This means you want relatively\nflat terrain.\n\nHistorically, the skids meant the shed could be skidded to another location.\nIt is a good idea to dig a trench where the skids will lay, then tamp in\ngravel ensuring the surface is level and drained.\n\nThis will help protect the wood and make leveling easier. The trench should be\nwider and longer than your skid. I helped move a 10’x30’ cabin built 90+ years\nago on log skids. We used ropes and a half to truck; the 100 yard move was\neasier than expected.\n\nComplexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections under the level\ngravel layer. The difficult steps are leveling the skids themselves and to\neach other.\n\nConstruction Cost: $0.00 – $100.00 The amount of gravel (if used), plus the\ndimension and number of skids (determined by the shed size), affect the cost.\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * A 6” gravel thickness in the trench is better than 4”\n * The gravel has to be level\n * The bigger the shed, the bigger the skid dimension should be\n * You can use 2”x6” or 2”x8”s nailed together and sitting on the edge\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to leveled\n * Shed is movable\n * Shed is on or close to land surface\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Can sink over time on the wet soil\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot\n * Not suitable for sloped lot\n\nBuild Shed Base and Floor on Skids\n\n### #6 Plastic Foundations (or Plastic Garden Shed Base Grid)\n\nPlastic Shed Base Kit\n\nA newer type of foundation made from recycled material. It’s easy for the\nbeginner to put together and good for prebuilt or a home built sheds.\n\nIt sits directly on the ground, so the flat ground is best. It is similar to\nconcrete paver construction, but much lighter. The ground preparation is easy,\nensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any depressions and remove high spots.\n\nOnce the ground is level, roll out the garden cloth. Place the interlocking\ngrid blocks, connect together, and level. The blocks can even be cut to size\nwith a hand saw.\n\nOnce the base is level, fill the open grid with pea gravel. The base should be\nthe same dimensions as your shed, but can be wider.\n\nThe grid holds the pea gravel in place and allows moisture to percolate\nthrough. The grid also helps keep the base of the shed drier than concrete\npavers.\n\nThe plastic grid can be used for sheds with or without floors and provides\neven support for floors. Ideal for use with riding lawn mowers or other\nwheeled equipment as it sits on or close to ground level. Available here.\n\nComplexity: Easy Level the ground or mask slight imperfections a sand layer.\nThe difficult steps are leveling the grids themselves and to each other.\n\nConstruction Cost: $150.00 – $300.00 The amount of pea gravel, garden cloth,\nand number of grids affect the cost of construction.\n\nPro Tip: Use sand level the ground. Remember to recheck for level as you work.\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy leveled\n * Shed is on or close to the land level\n * Good for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * May sink over time\n * Not widely available\n * Not good for sloped ground\n\n### #7 Kit from Manufacturer\n\nArrow FDN1014 Storage Shed Base Kit\n\nSome small shed manufacturers offer foundation kits for their sheds.\nFoundation kits are available in various styles.\n\nThey can be used for the manufactured shed, or to support other small sheds of\nthe same size. It’s easy for the beginner to put together.\n\nIt sits on the ground which means you need a flat area. The foundation pieces\nmay also be lighter weight for moving around.\n\nThe ground preparation is easy too. Ensure it is firm, flat, and fill in any\ndepressions and remove high spots.\n\nPrepare the ground. Place the foundation pieces (following the Manufacturer’s\ninstructions), connect together, and level. The base should be the same\ndimensions as your shed.\n\nYou may have to purchase other required materials to complete some\nmanufactured foundations.\n\nComplexity: Easy Leveling the ground and manufactured foundation are the\ndifficult steps for this foundation. Reading and interpreting the instructions\ncan be difficult too.\n\nConstruction Cost: $50.00 – $100.00 The cost of the kit, garden cloth, plus\nany required materials, set the cost (see today's price here).\n\nPro Tips:\n\n * Use sand to level the ground and place garden cloth down before putting the foundation down\n * Remember to recheck for level as you work\n * Tighten all bolts/screws before they disappear under other structural materials.\n\nPros\n\n * Quick and easy to install\n * Easy to level\n * Shed is on or close to ground level for easy access\n * Good for smaller sheds\n\nCons\n\n * May sink over time\n * Higher risk of ground contact and rot/rusting\n * Not good for sloped ground\n * Often requires other materials be purchased\n\nPermanent Foundations\n\nAlways check with the Building Inspector before beginning any permanent\nfoundation.\n\n### #8 Concrete Piers and Beams Foundation for a Shed\n\nImage courtesy of Green Button Homes, LLC\n\nAn excellent foundation for any shed size, but more difficult to build. Good\nfor home built sheds and some prefab.\n\nThe piers are concrete poured into holes dug or drilled into the ground to the\nfrost line (or bedrock).\n\nThe holes should have 6”s of gravel in the bottom for drainage. There are\nplastic pier forms which can be set into an excavation dug to the frost line.\nThey are then buried and filled with concrete (after being plumbed and\nleveled).\n\nThe most common though are cardboard tubes. They are placed into the holes,\nplumbed level and secured in place. Backfill the space around the tube, then\nfill with concrete.\n\nAll the tubes/forms need to be in aligned in their exact location on the\nstring line. The piers need to line up with the framing they will attach to\nand support.\n\nEach pier should extend at least 6” above ground level, but can extend higher\nif desired. The top of the piers should be level with each other.\n\nPressure treated 4”x4” (6”x6”, 8”x8”) posts can sit on top of the piers to\nprovide a level surface for the pressure treated beams.\n\nBefore the concrete hardens in the piers, set pier or post ties and align in\nplace. Shed dimensions determine the number of piers you need. An 8’x12’ shed\nwould use 6 piers – 3 per long side.\n\nOnce the piers have cured, beams can be set in place on the piers (or pier and\npost) and leveled with shims.\n\nSuitable for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material. Use\nfor sheds, cabins and cottages.\n\nComplexity: Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far the piers\nextend above the ground. Making the piers level vertically and horizontally\nincreases the level of difficulty.\n\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 The poured concrete, number of\ntubes/forms, pier or post ties, plus dimension lumber for beams all affect the\ncost. The number of concrete piers required will depend on the dimensions of\nthe shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of the ground are also\nfactors that affect the cost.\n\nPro Tips::\n\n * Re-check your horizontal and vertical levels\n * Triple check that the 4 corner posts remain square\n * Set the 4 corners first, it makes it easier to square and level the other piers\n * Good helpers are an asset.\n\nPros\n\n * Great for most soil conditions\n * Exceptional for areas that experience frost\n * Provide a permanent level base\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Little forgiveness for errors.\n * The distance between piers is not directly supported\n * Difficult for the beginner\n\nBuild Pier Shed Foundation\n\n### #9 Concrete Slab – Best Shed Foundation\n\nA great foundation for any size shed: ready-made or home-built, a garage, or\neven a 2 story house. The different steps are what make this more difficult\nfor the novice DIYer, and it’s a more difficult foundation to build.\n\nShed dimensions dictate how large an area you need. The finished slab is\nstrong enough to support vehicles and sits on the ground so it’s easy to drive\nin to. Ensure you have access to the concrete truck, or you may need a pumper\ntruck or crane at added expense.\n\nThis is NOT a step-by-step for making a concrete slab. It identifies many of\nthe steps you need to become knowledgeable about.\n\nSet the 4 corner stakes, ensuring the corners are square. Use a string line\nand level to determine ground slopes. The more slope, the more material to\nmove. If built on solid, well-drained soil your slab will last longer.\n\nRemove the sod and top 4” – 6” of soil creating a level base. Using 2”x12”s to\nform the perimeter; stake the corners and adjust so they are square and level.\nThe thickness of concrete and gravel determines how high the forms need to be.\n\n4”-6” of concrete on 6”-8”s gravel places your forms several inches off the\nground. If placing rigid foam under the concrete pad you’ll need to raise the\nforms higher. If you want a 4” or 6” thick concrete pad, then the tamped\ngravel needs to level out 4” or 6”s below the top of the forms.\n\nOnce the forms are in place, they should be vertically braced and the top\ndiagonally braced every 2 feet. Spread the 6” – 8” of gravel to fill the pad\n(You may need engineered gravel). Compact the gravel using a gas powered\ncompactor; working to keep the gravel base level.\n\nThe perimeter of your gravel pad should slope downward to 2”s thick of gravel\nfor the outside 12”s of the perimeter. This makes a footing which helps\nsupport the walls of your building.\n\nCover the pad with 6 mil plastic (poly) sheet to help keep moisture out of\nyour concrete pad once it sets. Use 1⁄2” rebar in the perimeter and lay a 4’\ngrid of rebar on the gravel pad. Bend it at the perimeter to connect with the\nperimeter rebar.\n\nYou can use 6”x6” steel mesh instead of the rebar grid. Use blocks or rebar\nrests to lift the rebar off the poly. You’re now ready to pour, screed,\nvibrate the perimeter, and finish the pad surface as desired – smooth, glossy,\nor brushed.\n\nIf attaching a sill plate, place anchor bolts every 4 feet around the\nperimeter before the concrete hardens (not in doorways). You may need\nexpansion grooves cut in too depending on the size of the concrete foundation.\n\nIf it looks like rain, cover with plastic to protect the surface. Once the\nconcrete is cured (24 hours), remove the forms. Before you backfill you may\nwant to address any drainage issues.\n\nComplexity: Difficult There are many steps to this type of foundation. It is a\npermanent foundation, so mistakes are permanent.\n\nConstruction Cost: $2500.00 – $4000.00 (for a 300sqft pad) The cost of\nmaterials will vary with location. Equipment rentals/hires and Building Code\nrequirements also add to the cost.\n\nPro Tips::\n\n * Hire an excavator to remove the soil and level the site\n * Use a laser level to set the levels\n * Use deck screws instead of nails to hold the forms; easier to make adjustments and to dismantle at the end of the project\n * The forms can be used in the construction of your building, reducing cost and waste\n\nPros\n\n * A permanent foundation\n * Will support heavy loads\n * Shed is on or close to the surface of the land for easy access\n * Use for sheds with or without a floor\n * Great for smaller or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * Needs to be above freezing for pouring\n * Can crack over time if ground slumps or shifts\n * Risk of ground contact and rot if the ground slope is wrong\n * May need a drainage ditch\n * May require a retaining wall to hold slopes in place\n * Not suitable for sloped site\n\nBuild Concrete Slab Shed Base\n\n### #10 Post and Beams\n\nImage courtesy of StorageBuildingsUnlimited\n\nThis is a good foundation for any size shed; home built or prefab. It is\nsimilar to the concrete pier construction but more forgiving.\n\nIt uses 6”x6” or 8”x8” pressure treated posts placed in holes dug or drilled\ninto the ground to the frost line (or bedrock). Only dig down as far as you\nneed, the posts should sit on undisturbed soil. The holes should have gravel\nin the bottom for drainage.\n\nYou can mix and pour a bag of concrete into each hole too. The posts are\nplaced into the holes, plumbed level and secured in place, then backfilled and\ntamped. Leave the packed soil mounded around the post.\n\nAll the posts need to be in the exact location to line up with the framing\nthey will attach to and support. Each post can extend several feet above\nground level. The top of the posts can be leveled with each other after they\nare all set. They provide a level surface for the pressure treated beams to\nsit on.\n\nCut the posts level with each other, then notch for the beams (make sure to\nnotch the correct side of each post).\n\nShed dimensions determine the number of posts you need. An 8’x12’ shed would\nuse 6 posts – 3 per long side. Once the posts are notched, place the beam in\nplace, drill holes for carriage bolts, and bolt into place.\n\nDiagonal braces should be attached between the posts to beam for lateral\nsupport. Good for flat ground or slopes. Great for use with any shed material.\nUse for sheds, cabins and cottages.\n\nComplexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far\nthe posts extend above the ground. Making the posts level vertically and\nhorizontally increases the level of difficulty.\n\nConstruction Cost: $200.00 – $800.00 Gravel, concrete, number and dimensions\nof posts, and beams all affect the cost. The number posts required will depend\non the dimensions of the shed. The distance to the frost line and the slope of\nthe ground are also factors that affect the cost. How high off the ground you\nwant the shed to be must also be considered.\n\nPro Tips::\n\n * Re-check your horizontal and vertical levels\n * Triple check that the 4 corner posts remain square\n * Set the 4 corners first, it makes it easier to square and level the other posts\n * Good helpers are an asset\n\nPros\n\n * Suitable for most soil conditions\n * Excellent for areas that experience frost\n * Provide a permanent level base\n * Good for small or large sheds\n\nCons\n\n * A lot of planning for placement and leveling involved.\n * The distance between posts is not directly supported\n * Can be difficult for the beginner\n\n### #11 Screw Piles\n\nImage courtesy technometalpost.com\n\nThis is a good foundation for any size shed or house; home built or prefab.\nGreat for any soil type too.\n\nIt is similar to concrete pier and post and beam construction. The screw piles\nare galvanized steel posts with a screw end. They come in a choice of lengths\nand diameters. Some need a small excavator with a special attachment to screw\nthem into the ground to the frost line.\n\nOther types use a special handheld powered screwdriver – hope you have strong\nwrists. The screw helps to prevent vertical frost lift. There is also minimal\nsettling since the soil is undisturbed by digging.\n\nOnce in place, attach the beams and joists and build on. Suitable for flat\nground or slopes. Great for use with any type material.\n\nComplexity: Slightly Difficult You are not leveling the ground, only how far\nthe posts extend above the ground. Making the piles level vertically and\nhorizontally increases the level of difficulty. This becomes Easy if you hire\na certified installer and get a guarantee.\n\nConstruction Cost: $500.00 – $1000.00 The screw piles, a method of\ninstallation, and the lumber for the beams affect the cost. The number piles\nrequired will depend on the dimensions of the building. The distance to the\nfrost line and the slope of the ground are also factors that affect the cost.\n\nPro Tip: Hire an experienced certified installer with a guarantee.\n\nPros\n\n * Suitable for any soil conditions\n * Excellent for areas that experience frost\n * Provide a permanent level base for shed\n * Good for small or large sheds\n * A quick installation\n\nCons\n\n * requires specialized equipment or hired specialists.\n * The distance between piles is not directly supported\n\n## How to Choose the Right Foundation for My Shed?\n\nYour choice of foundation is an important decision. It helps keep your shed\nlevel and dry, and provides a stable base for it. All extend the life of your\nstorage shed.\n\nMost on-grade shed foundations are easier to build and don’t need a lot of\nspecial tools or expertise. Select the one that fits the type of shed you want\nit to support, and the location you want it to in. Your Building Inspector can\nanswer many of your questions too.\n\nPermanent foundations tend to be more complicated and may need more ability.\nThis doesn’t mean you can’t do it; it means you need to become more\nknowledgeable about your choice of foundation. Always involve the Building\nInspector with all permanent foundations.\n\nBase your choice on the size and type of shed you want to build. What you’re\ngoing to store in it, what the location requires, and your budget also affects\nyour decision. A small shed has different requirements than a large one. The\nopen bottom or built-in floor, sloped or flat ground, all affect your choice.\n\nHopefully, this article has provided you with information to make your\ndecision easier.\n\nYour comments are appreciated. If you know someone who is thinking about\nbuilding a shed foundation, share with them if you liked it.\n\nPlease make sure to check out my post about different shed roof styles.\n\nEugene Sokol\n\nEugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative\nwhile inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home\nimprovement, renovation and woodworking.\n\nHi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have\nbuilt two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool\nstuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\n\n© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA\nPolicy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\nto Amazon.com.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210307053513/https://www.shedking.net/shed-doors.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Shed Doors and Easy Ways to Build Them",
"passages": [
"Shed doors can either be pre-hung or custom built. All the methods below are for homemade shed doors and are simple designs using basic materials.",
"Here's one of the easiest ways I use to build double shed doors. You can use this method while installing your shed siding. Build up to 6' wide doors using this technique.",
"Use this method to build your shed doors if you are siding your walls before standing them up. This is a little more complicated then the method listed above. When I built sheds professionally this is the method I used because it allowed me to already have my doors built and have them ready on the job site.",
"This method is really simple and can be used for building small or large single swing shed doors up to 3' wide.",
"A roll up shed door can be one of the best types of doors to install on your shed. You have to be careful though to frame your shed properly to accept this type of shed door.",
"Check out this shed door hardware like 'D' Handles, strap hinges, barrel bolts, and even where to get metal to protect the floor where you walk into your shed.",
"Need to anchor a wooden shed floor? Here's the method I use and is widely accepted for building codes across the country.",
"Use these 12x22 barn shed with porch plans to build a neat shed home, small cabin, tiny house, or small cottage."
]
},
"parsed_md": "Shed Doors and Easy Ways to Build Them\n\nShedking\n\n * Learning Center\n * Shed Materials Costs\n * Customer Pictures\n * Contact Us\n\nMenu\n\n * Home\n * Customer Pictures\n * Shed Building Guides\n\n * Planning\n * Shed Foundation\n * Building Shed Floors\n * Shed Wall Framing\n * Building Shed Doors\n * Shed Roof Framing\n * Types of Siding\n * Adding Shed Windows\n * Building Shed Lofts\n * Building a Shed Ramp\n * Shed Designs\n * Shed Ideas\n * Plans\n\n * Shed Plans\n * Barn Shed Plans\n * Lean to Sheds\n * Garden Shed Plans\n * Firewood Shed Plans\n * Cupola Plans\n * Shed Truss Plans\n * Chicken Coop Plans\n * Shed Home Plans\n * Free Building Manuals\n * Gable Shed Building Guide\n * Barn Shed Building Guide\n * Lean To Building Guide\n * Neat Shed Stuff\n\n * Shed Door Hardware\n * Shed Materials Costs\n * Shed Materials List\n * 3d Construction Models\n * Shed Building Tools\n * Building Tips\n * Shed Construction\n * Welcome\n\n * About Me\n * Contact Me\n * Privacy Policy\n * What's New!\n\n# Shed Doors and How to Build Them\n\nShed doors can either be pre-hung or custom built. All the methods below are\nfor homemade shed doors and are simple designs using basic materials.\n\n## Building Double Shed Doors\n\nHere's one of the easiest ways I use to build double shed doors. You can use\nthis method while installing your shed siding. Build up to 6' wide doors using\nthis technique.\n\nLearn more here.\n\n## Another Shed Door Building Method\n\nAnother Easy Method for Building Your Double Shed Doors\n\nUse this method to build your shed doors if you are siding your walls before\nstanding them up. This is a little more complicated then the method listed\nabove. When I built sheds professionally this is the method I used because it\nallowed me to already have my doors built and have them ready on the job site.\n\nHere's the construction guide for you.\n\n## Building Single Shed Doors\n\nHow To Build a Single Shed Door\n\nThis method is really simple and can be used for building small or large\nsingle swing shed doors up to 3' wide.\n\nCheck out this construction guide for building a single shed door.\n\n## Adding a Roll Up Shed Door\n\nAdding A Roll Up Shed Door\n\nA roll up shed door can be one of the best types of doors to install on your\nshed. You have to be careful though to frame your shed properly to accept this\ntype of shed door.\n\nHere's more info on adding a roll up shed door.\n\n## Shed Door Hardware\n\nHardware For Your Shed Doors\n\nCheck out this shed door hardware like 'D' Handles, strap hinges, barrel\nbolts, and even where to get metal to protect the floor where you walk into\nyour shed.\n\nYou can find them here along with other hardware for shed doors.\n\n * Home\n * Customer Pictures\n\n### Shed Building Guides\n\n * Planning\n * Shed Foundation\n * Building Shed Floors\n * Shed Wall Framing\n * Building Shed Doors\n * Shed Roof Framing\n * Types of Siding\n * Adding Shed Windows\n * Building Shed Lofts\n * Building a Shed Ramp\n * Shed Designs\n * Shed Ideas\n\n### Plans\n\n * Shed Plans\n * Barn Shed Plans\n * Lean to Sheds\n * Garden Shed Plans\n * Firewood Shed Plans\n * Cupola Plans\n * Shed Truss Plans\n * Chicken Coop Plans\n * Shed Home Plans\n\n### Free Building Manuals\n\n * Gable Shed Building Guide\n * Barn Shed Building Guide\n * Lean To Building Guide\n\n### Neat Shed Stuff\n\n * Shed Door Hardware\n * Shed Materials Costs\n * Shed Materials List\n * 3d Construction Models\n * Shed Building Tools\n * Building Tips\n * Shed Construction\n\n### Welcome\n\n * About Me\n * Contact Me\n * Privacy Policy\n * What's New!\n\nMy You Tube Videos\n\n###\n\nEasy To Use Shed Plans (30% Off Sale)\n\nBarn Shed Plans\n\nGable Shed Plans\n\nSaltbox Shed Plans\n\nAll Plans Come With...\n\n * Detailed Building Guide\n * Blueprints\n * Materials List\n * Free Cupola Plan\n * Email Support\n * Instant .pdf Download\n\n### Amazing sheds built by my customers..\n\nSee Their Pictures\n\nDo you like this site? Let me know click the button!\n\n## Recent Articles\n\n 1. ### Trusses For 2 Story Shed Plans\n\nMar 06, 21 09:36 AM\n\n2 story shed truss plans providing lots of headroom in the loft area.\n\nRead More\n\n 2. ### Anchoring a Wooden Shed Floor\n\nMar 06, 21 08:34 AM\n\nNeed to anchor a wooden shed floor? Here's the method I use and is widely\naccepted for building codes across the country.\n\nRead More\n\n 3. ### 12x22 Barn Shed Plans\n\nMar 06, 21 08:23 AM\n\nUse these 12x22 barn shed with porch plans to build a neat shed home, small\ncabin, tiny house, or small cottage.\n\nRead More\n\nAffiliate Disclosure Policy By John Shank, Copyright © Shedking 2004-2021.\n\nShedking.net's Privacy Policy\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200416143743/https://www.familyhandyman.com/decks/building-a-deck/how-to-build-a-solid-frostproof-deck-footing/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing",
"passages": [
"Dig and pour your deck footings so they extend below the frost line. That way, they won't move, or heave, as the ground freezes and thaws during seasonal changes. This article explains how to build solid footings that will stay put year-round.",
"If your setting deck posts move up in the spring then settle back down as the weather warms, then you have a bad case of “frost heave-osis.” So how deep is the frost line? In the winter, the ground freezes from the top of the soil downward. The depth of frost penetration depends on the soil type, the severity of the winter, the amount of water in the soil and the depth of an insulating blanket of snow.",
"The frost depth varies by region. In frigid Minnesota, the frost depth is 42 in., whereas a warmer state like Missouri may have a frost depth of only 1 ft.",
"When you contact your local building department to get your building permit, ask what the frost depth requirement is and the required size and shape of the footings. Then dig the footing holes so that the bottoms of the footings are at or below the frost depth.",
"The mechanics of frost heave are complex, but here’s a quick primer. Water in the surrounding soil collects and freezes into thin layers of frost called “ice lenses.”",
"When water freezes, it expands about 9 percent—think of how ice cubes are domed above the original water level in the ice cube tray. Ice exerts a pressure of about 50,000 lbs. per square inch—enough force to lift even a large building. A puny little deck on inadequate footings doesn’t stand a chance.",
"The reason buildings and decks don’t always return to their original height is that surrounding dirt sometimes fills in under the footing while it’s lifted.",
"Heavy clay soils don’t drain well, so they tend to have more frost heave problems than sandy, well-drained ones. But even if footings are deep enough, ice lenses can latch onto the rough surfaces of wood and concrete and lift footings and posts from the side. That’s why concrete piers poured in waxed cardboard tubes and smooth wooden installing deck posts work well for below- grade support.",
"When you pour concrete footings, hold the cardboard concrete form tube about 12 in. up from the bottom of the footing. Do this by nailing the sides of the tube to the center of a tic-tac-toe grid of 2x4s at the top of the hole. Then dump concrete through the tube into the bottom of the hole. After the wide part at the bottom of the hole has filled, the tube will fill too.",
"Flare the sides on concrete footings so the footings will resist heave in harsh winters when frost penetrates especially deep. Greater width at the bottom will also distribute weight over a larger area.",
"If you're pouring more than a few footings, order premixed concrete from a ready-mix company. You'd be shocked at how many bags of concrete mix you'd have to mix by hand to fill a form tube.",
"Figure concrete volume by multiplying the height of the post and column in feet by the radius of the tube in feet squared times 3.14. Divide the total by 27 to get the cubic yardage you need to order. Add extra for the wide footing bases.",
"If the footing does not extend below the frost line, the footing will heave as the ground freezes and thaws.",
"Even if you're setting deck posts in the ground, instead of on top of footings, the concrete still needs to extend below the frost line."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing | The Family Handyman\n\nShare\n\nShare on Facebook\n\nSave on Pinterest\n\nTweet this\n\nEmail\n\nNext Project\n\nSkip to main content\n\n#### Our latest shed is also a pavilion—and you can build it, too!\n\nHome Decks Building a Deck\n\n# How to Build a Solid, Frost-Proof Deck Footing\n\n## Prevent frost-heave damage by pouring the concrete right.\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nNext Project\n\n## Introduction\n\nDig and pour your deck footings so they extend below the frost line. That way,\nthey won't move, or heave, as the ground freezes and thaws during seasonal\nchanges. This article explains how to build solid footings that will stay put\nyear-round.\n\nFamily Handyman\n\n## Tools Required\n\n 1. Hoe\n 2. Posthole digger\n 3. Spade\n 4. Tape measure\n 5. Utility knife\n 6. Wheelbarrow\n\n## Materials Required\n\n 1. Concrete\n 2. Form tube\n\n## How Deep is the Frost Line?\n\nIf your setting deck posts move up in the spring then settle back down as the\nweather warms, then you have a bad case of “frost heave-osis.” So how deep is\nthe frost line? In the winter, the ground freezes from the top of the soil\ndownward. The depth of frost penetration depends on the soil type, the\nseverity of the winter, the amount of water in the soil and the depth of an\ninsulating blanket of snow.\n\nThe frost depth varies by region. In frigid Minnesota, the frost depth is 42\nin., whereas a warmer state like Missouri may have a frost depth of only 1 ft.\n\nWhen you contact your local building department to get your building permit,\nask what the frost depth requirement is and the required size and shape of the\nfootings. Then dig the footing holes so that the bottoms of the footings are\nat or below the frost depth.\n\nThe mechanics of frost heave are complex, but here’s a quick primer. Water in\nthe surrounding soil collects and freezes into thin layers of frost called\n“ice lenses.”\n\nWhen water freezes, it expands about 9 percent—think of how ice cubes are\ndomed above the original water level in the ice cube tray. Ice exerts a\npressure of about 50,000 lbs. per square inch—enough force to lift even a\nlarge building. A puny little deck on inadequate footings doesn’t stand a\nchance.\n\nThe reason buildings and decks don’t always return to their original height is\nthat surrounding dirt sometimes fills in under the footing while it’s lifted.\n\nHeavy clay soils don’t drain well, so they tend to have more frost heave\nproblems than sandy, well-drained ones. But even if footings are deep enough,\nice lenses can latch onto the rough surfaces of wood and concrete and lift\nfootings and posts from the side. That’s why concrete piers poured in waxed\ncardboard tubes and smooth wooden installing deck posts work well for below-\ngrade support.\n\nCourtesy of Luke Miller\n\n## How to get a solid, frost-proof footing:\n\n * When you pour concrete footings, hold the cardboard concrete form tube about 12 in. up from the bottom of the footing. Do this by nailing the sides of the tube to the center of a tic-tac-toe grid of 2x4s at the top of the hole. Then dump concrete through the tube into the bottom of the hole. After the wide part at the bottom of the hole has filled, the tube will fill too.\n * Flare the sides on concrete footings so the footings will resist heave in harsh winters when frost penetrates especially deep. Greater width at the bottom will also distribute weight over a larger area.\n * Mound soil around the posts after the backfill settles to direct runoff water away from the post.\n\n##### Read Next\n\nExpert Tips for How to Build a Deck\n\nWhy We Chose Composite Decking for Rebuilt Deck\n\n7 Things You Should Do When Building Your Deck\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\n## Project step-by-step (3)\n\nStep 1\n\n## Ordering Premixed Concrete\n\nShutterstock/ungvar\n\nIf you're pouring more than a few footings, order premixed concrete from a\nready-mix company. You'd be shocked at how many bags of concrete mix you'd\nhave to mix by hand to fill a form tube.\n\nFigure concrete volume by multiplying the height of the post and column in\nfeet by the radius of the tube in feet squared times 3.14. Divide the total by\n27 to get the cubic yardage you need to order. Add extra for the wide footing\nbases.\n\nStep 2\n\n## A footing destined to fail: frost line depth chart\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nIf the footing does not extend below the frost line, the footing will heave as\nthe ground freezes and thaws.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nComplete DIY projects like a pro! Sign up for our newsletter!\n\nDo It Right, Do It Yourself!\n\nStep 3\n\n## Post set in concrete\n\nFamily Handyman\n\nEven if you're setting deck posts in the ground, instead of on top of\nfootings, the concrete still needs to extend below the frost line.\n\n## Similar Projects\n\nHow to Build an Under-Deck Roof\n\nExpert Tips for How to Build a Deck\n\nHow to Build a Deck That will Last as Long as Your House\n\nWhy We Chose Composite Decking for Rebuilt Deck\n\nTrex Decking Installation Guide\n\nSet and Nail Decking Perfectly\n\nHow to Install Joist Hangers\n\nMaking Deck Posts\n\n7 Deck Building Tips from the Pros\n\nAttaching a New Deck to a House: The Correct Method\n\n7 Things You Should Do When Building Your Deck\n\nReader Project: Reclaimed Lumber Decking\n\n## Popular How-To Videos\n\n * About Us\n * Magazine\n * Electrical\n\n * Smart Homeowner\n * Garage\n * Outdoors\n\nOur Brands\n\n * Reader’s Digest\n * Taste of Home\n * Birds & Blooms\n\n * Subscribe\n * Give a Gift\n * Advertise with Us\n * Customer Care\n * Content Submission\n * Contact Us\n * Privacy Policy\n * Your CA Privacy Rights\n * Do Not Sell My Info – CA Residents\n * Terms of Use\n * About Ads\n\n© 2020 Home Service Publications, Inc.\n\n### Sign Up For Our Newsletter\n\nDo it right, do it yourself!\n\n * Google Chrome\n * Apple Safari\n * Mozilla Firefox\n * Microsoft Edge\n\n * How To & Repair\n\n * Appliance Repair\n\n * Dishwasher Repair\n * Refrigerator Repair\n * Stove Repair\n * Washer and Dryer Repair\n * See All Appliance Repair\n * Automotive\n\n * Car Brakes\n * Car Maintenance\n * Car Window Repair\n * DIY Car Paint\n * DIY Oil Change\n * Lawn Mower Repair\n * See All Automotive\n * Carpentry\n\n * Trim Carpentry\n * See All Carpentry\n * Cleaning\n\n * Mold & Mildew\n * See All Cleaning\n * Doors\n\n * Door Installation\n * Door Repair\n * Garage Door Repair\n * Screen Door Repair\n * Drywall\n\n * Ceiling Texture\n * Cutting Drywall\n * Drywall Installation\n * Drywall Repair\n * Drywall Taping\n * Electrical\n\n * Breaker Box\n * Electrical Repair\n * Electrical Wiring\n * Fluorescent Lighting\n * Home Lighting\n * Wiring Outlets\n * Wiring Switches\n * See All Electrical\n * Floors\n\n * Carpet Repair\n * Floor Repair\n * Hardwood Floors\n * Vinyl Flooring\n * Wood Floor Installation\n * Heating & Cooling\n\n * Air Conditioner Repair\n * Furnace Repair\n * Painting\n\n * Painting Techniques\n * Painting Tips\n * Parts of the House\n\n * Ceiling\n * Masonry\n\n * Concrete Repair\n * Pouring Concrete\n * Roof\n\n * Gutter Repair\n * Roof Repair\n * Siding\n * Tiling\n\n * Grouting\n * Tile Installation\n * Walls\n * Windows\n\n * Window Repair\n * Pest Control\n * Plumbing\n\n * Drain Repair\n * Faucet Repair\n * Plumbing Repair\n * Plumbing Valves\n * Toilet Repair\n * Water Heater\n * Water Softener\n * See All Plumbing\n * Storage & Organization\n * Tools\n\n * Air Tools\n * Automotive Tools\n * Circular Saws\n * Drills\n * Miter Saws\n * Painting Tools\n * Power Tools\n * Routers\n * Saws\n * Table Saws\n * Tool Storage\n * Woodworking Tools\n * Woodworking\n\n * Bookcase\n * Building Shelves\n * Furniture Repair\n * Staining Wood\n * Wood Joints\n * Woodworking Projects\n * Woodworking Tips\n * See All Woodworking\n * Rooms\n\n * Attic\n * Basement\n * Bathroom\n\n * Bathroom Exhaust Fan\n * Bathroom Remodeling\n * Shower Installation\n * Bedroom\n * Closet\n * Garage\n\n * Garage Storage\n * Home Office\n * Kitchen\n\n * DIY Kitchen Cabinets\n * Kitchen Countertops\n * Kitchen Design Ideas\n * Kitchen Storage\n * Workshop\n\n * Workbenches\n * Workshop Storage\n * Outdoor\n\n * Decks\n\n * Building a Deck\n * Deck Designs\n * Deck Railing\n * Garden\n * Garden Structures\n\n * Fences\n * Garden Paths\n * Grills\n * Landscaping\n\n * Backyard Ponds\n * Backyard Waterfalls\n * Lawn Care\n * Outdoor Fountains\n * Planter Boxes\n * Retaining Wall\n * See all Landscaping\n * Patio\n * Sheds\n * Smart Homeowner\n\n * DIY Home Improvement\n * DIY Advice\n * Great Goofs\n * Home Safety Tips\n * Home Security\n * Storage & Organization\n * Ways to Save Money\n * See All Smart Homeowner\n * Stuff We Love\n * Videos\n * DIY University\n * Giveaways\n\n * Weber Grill Sweepstakes\n * Subscribe\n\n * Magazine Subscription\n * Family Handyman Insider\n * Newsletters\n * Shop DIY Books\n * Promotions\n * Follow Us\n\n * Facebook\n * Pinterest\n * Instagram\n * Twitter\n * Project Plans\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210422062419/http://www.hometips.com/diy-how-to/leanto-shed-build.html",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to Build a Lean-To Shed",
"passages": [
"Have you been longing for a shed where you can store lawn and garden equipment, sports equipment, compact outdoor furniture, and miscellaneous tools and supplies? When inconspicuous, functional storage is all you’re looking for, a lean-to shed is the perfect solution.",
"Per its name, the structure simply leans against the house or garage for additional support and provides a water-safe haven for shielding gear from the elements. If you have moderate do-it-yourself skills and tools, this is a weekend project. If you decide it’s more than you bargained for, check out these convenient lean-to shed kits on Amazon.",
"Because the shed is designed to abut to another structure, the foundation need only be pressure-treated skids, the roof pitched in only one direction to shed water, and the back wall sheathed with 1/2-inch CDX plywood, which withstands indirect exposure to moisture. See Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse for more about typical shed construction.",
"It isn’t a requirement that this shed be built against a wall—but the structure is designed to take advantage of the wall for strength. So if you modify it to be a freestanding shed, you’ll need to build a conventional stud wall across the back and face it with the same type of plywood siding used on the rest of the shed. For information on how to mark, cut, and fasten wall studs, see How to Frame an Interior Wall (ignore the part about working with drywall because you’ll be using exterior-rated T1-11 siding instead).",
"For a freestanding shed, you can build the shed on top of a concrete slab (see Pouring a Concrete Slab) instead of the pressure-treated skids and floor joists; this will actually result in a sturdier—more permanent— structure. Otherwise, for a freestanding shed, the foundation should be constructed on concrete piers or poured footings (see Pouring Concrete Footings & Piers). Be aware that building on footings will raise the height of the shed up from the ground.",
"• Pressure-treated 4x4s for skids • Pressure-treated 2x4s for floor joists • 3/4′′ Tongue-and-groove plywood for flooring • 2x4s For studs, header, rafters, top plate nailers, etc. • T1-11 Plywood siding • 1/2′′ CDX plywood for roof sheathing • 1×3 Door trim • 1×4 Fascia and rake trim • Asphalt shingle roofing, 15-pound felt, metal framing brackets, door hinges and latch, miscellaneous galvanized nails and outdoor screws, and paint, stain, or preservative.",
"The shed shown here is 6 feet long by 4 feet wide. You can easily expand its dimensions in increments of 2 or 4 feet.",
"1 To construct the framing for the shed’s floor, cut two pressure-treated 2 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the rim joists. Then position six 45-inch-long floor joists between the rim joists 16 inches on center (with the exception of the last one, as shown in the floor joist detail at right). Attach them with 16d nails.",
"Cut two pressure-treated 4 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the skids. Position the frame on the skids, and, when square, toenail the floor joists to the skids.",
"Start with the back wall, which is 8 feet high with 6-foot-long top and bottom plates and four studs placed 18 inches on center. The tops of the wall studs are mitered at 18 degrees. Attach the wall to the floor frame and temporarily brace it.",
"The front wall has a 6-foot-long top plate and two 1-foot-long bottom plates, leaving space for a 4-foot-wide door. The four wall studs are 81 1/4 inches long; install them as shown in the front framing detail at left. Next, install the 73-inch-long jack studs, and then attach the 51-inch-long doubled header. Finally, attach the 6 1/4-inch-long cripple studs.",
"The side walls have top and bottom plates 41 inches long and studs 81 1/4 inches tall. Raise them, attach them to the floor, and temporarily brace them if needed. When all wall sections are square, attach them at the corners with screws.",
"3 The frame of the roof consists of four 2-by-4 rafters cut so that they rest on the front- and rear-wall top plates, as shown in the rafter detail at right. Install a gable stud directly over the center studs on both side walls to fit between the end rafter and the top plate. Install the sub-fascia and then the fascia to the front ends of the rafters.",
"4 Position pieces of T1-11 siding on the front and sides of the shed so that they are flush with the bottom of the rim joists. Attach the siding with 8d galvanized nails spaced every 8 inches.",
"Cover the rear wall with 1/2-inch CDX plywood from the bottom of the rim joists to the tops of the rafter ends.",
"5 Sheath the rafters with 1/2-inch CDX plywood; stagger the joints so that none end up on a rafter. Nail them in place with 6d nails. Attach rake trim to cover the exposed edges of the roof sheathing, and install drip edging. Roll out 15-pound roofing felt, and apply the shingles (see Asphalt Roof Installation).",
"6 Construct the doors from T1-11 siding, and trim them out with 1 by 3s. Add cross trim in the centers of both doors, and install the door latches. Use strap hinges to attach the doors.",
"Don Vandervort has developed his expertise for more than 30 years, as Building Editor for Sunset Books, Senior Editor at Home Magazine, author of more than 30 home improvement books, and writer of countless magazine articles. He appeared for 3 seasons on HGTV’s “The Fix,” and served as MSN’s home expert for several years. Don founded HomeTips in 1996. Read more about Don Vandervort",
"Don Vandervort writes or edits every article at HomeTips. Don has: • Over 30 years’ experience as a remodeler and builder. • Written more than 30 home improvement books. • Served as Senior Editor at Home Magazine. • Appeared as a segment host on HGTV’s “The Fix” for 3 seasons. • Been a featured expert on MSN.com, US News, and many others. • Learn more about the trusted HomeTips brand!",
"HomeTips articles may contain links to Amazon.com and other partner programs that provide helpful products and services. As an Amazon Associate, HomeTips earns from qualifying purchases which allows us to continue creating helpful DIY content."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Build a Lean-To Shed\n\n * Save Energy\n * How Your House Works\n * How to Repair\n * How to Install or Build\n * Buying Guides\n * Browse\n\n# How to Build a Lean-To Shed\n\nby Don Vandervort, HomeTips © 1997 to 2020\n\nMarch 23, 2021\n\nThis post may contain affiliate links. For more information see our\ndisclosures here.\n\nFree plans, diagrams, and step-by-step instructions for building a simple\n4-by-6-foot outdoor shed. Step-by-step instructions, too!\n\nIn This Article:\n\nStorage Shed Design Plan Modifications Building the Shed\n\nHave you been longing for a shed where you can store lawn and garden\nequipment, sports equipment, compact outdoor furniture, and miscellaneous\ntools and supplies? When inconspicuous, functional storage is all you’re\nlooking for, a lean-to shed is the perfect solution.\n\nPer its name, the structure simply leans against the house or garage for\nadditional support and provides a water-safe haven for shielding gear from the\nelements. If you have moderate do-it-yourself skills and tools, this is a\nweekend project. If you decide it’s more than you bargained for, check out\nthese convenient lean-to shed kits on Amazon.\n\nLean-to shed provides simple shelter for yard gear and more. © Sunset\nPublishing Corporation\n\nBrowse Tools for This Project on Amazon • Combination Squares • Power Circular\nSaws • 4-Foot Levels • 16-Foot Tape Measures • Framing Nailers • Pancake Air\nCompressors\n\n## Storage Shed Design\n\nBecause the shed is designed to abut to another structure, the foundation need\nonly be pressure-treated skids, the roof pitched in only one direction to shed\nwater, and the back wall sheathed with 1/2-inch CDX plywood, which withstands\nindirect exposure to moisture. See Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse for\nmore about typical shed construction.\n\nSunset’s Sheds & Garages offers many plans for many types of outdoor\nstructures. Just click to order at Amazon.\n\n## Plan Modifications\n\nIt isn’t a requirement that this shed be built against a wall—but the\nstructure is designed to take advantage of the wall for strength. So if you\nmodify it to be a freestanding shed, you’ll need to build a conventional stud\nwall across the back and face it with the same type of plywood siding used on\nthe rest of the shed. For information on how to mark, cut, and fasten wall\nstuds, see How to Frame an Interior Wall (ignore the part about working with\ndrywall because you’ll be using exterior-rated T1-11 siding instead).\n\nFor a freestanding shed, you can build the shed on top of a concrete slab (see\nPouring a Concrete Slab) instead of the pressure-treated skids and floor\njoists; this will actually result in a sturdier—more permanent— structure.\nOtherwise, for a freestanding shed, the foundation should be constructed on\nconcrete piers or poured footings (see Pouring Concrete Footings & Piers). Be\naware that building on footings will raise the height of the shed up from the\nground.\n\nMaterials Required To build the shed shown here, you’ll need:\n\n• Pressure-treated 4x4s for skids • Pressure-treated 2x4s for floor joists •\n3/4′′ Tongue-and-groove plywood for flooring • 2x4s For studs, header,\nrafters, top plate nailers, etc. • T1-11 Plywood siding • 1/2′′ CDX plywood\nfor roof sheathing • 1×3 Door trim • 1×4 Fascia and rake trim • Asphalt\nshingle roofing, 15-pound felt, metal framing brackets, door hinges and latch,\nmiscellaneous galvanized nails and outdoor screws, and paint, stain, or\npreservative.\n\nBasic Lean-To Shed Construction Diagram\n\n## Building the Shed\n\nThe shed shown here is 6 feet long by 4 feet wide. You can easily expand its\ndimensions in increments of 2 or 4 feet.\n\n1 To construct the framing for the shed’s floor, cut two pressure-treated 2 by\n4s to a length of 6 feet for the rim joists. Then position six 45-inch-long\nfloor joists between the rim joists 16 inches on center (with the exception of\nthe last one, as shown in the floor joist detail at right). Attach them with\n16d nails.\n\nShed Floor Joist Detail\n\nCut two pressure-treated 4 by 4s to a length of 6 feet for the skids. Position\nthe frame on the skids, and, when square, toenail the floor joists to the\nskids.\n\nAttach 3/4-inch tongue-and-groove plywood flooring onto the frame.\n\n2 The walls for the shed are constructed separately and then raised onto the\nframe.\n\nShed Wall Framing Diagram: Front\n\nStart with the back wall, which is 8 feet high with 6-foot-long top and bottom\nplates and four studs placed 18 inches on center. The tops of the wall studs\nare mitered at 18 degrees. Attach the wall to the floor frame and temporarily\nbrace it.\n\nThe front wall has a 6-foot-long top plate and two 1-foot-long bottom plates,\nleaving space for a 4-foot-wide door. The four wall studs are 81 1/4 inches\nlong; install them as shown in the front framing detail at left. Next, install\nthe 73-inch-long jack studs, and then attach the 51-inch-long doubled header.\nFinally, attach the 6 1/4-inch-long cripple studs.\n\nRaise the front wall, attach it to the floor, and temporarily brace it.\n\nThe side walls have top and bottom plates 41 inches long and studs 81 1/4\ninches tall. Raise them, attach them to the floor, and temporarily brace them\nif needed. When all wall sections are square, attach them at the corners with\nscrews.\n\nLean-To Shed Rafter Dimensions\n\n3 The frame of the roof consists of four 2-by-4 rafters cut so that they rest\non the front- and rear-wall top plates, as shown in the rafter detail at\nright. Install a gable stud directly over the center studs on both side walls\nto fit between the end rafter and the top plate. Install the sub-fascia and\nthen the fascia to the front ends of the rafters.\n\n4 Position pieces of T1-11 siding on the front and sides of the shed so that\nthey are flush with the bottom of the rim joists. Attach the siding with 8d\ngalvanized nails spaced every 8 inches.\n\nCover the rear wall with 1/2-inch CDX plywood from the bottom of the rim\njoists to the tops of the rafter ends.\n\n5 Sheath the rafters with 1/2-inch CDX plywood; stagger the joints so that\nnone end up on a rafter. Nail them in place with 6d nails. Attach rake trim to\ncover the exposed edges of the roof sheathing, and install drip edging. Roll\nout 15-pound roofing felt, and apply the shingles (see Asphalt Roof\nInstallation).\n\n6 Construct the doors from T1-11 siding, and trim them out with 1 by 3s. Add\ncross trim in the centers of both doors, and install the door latches. Use\nstrap hinges to attach the doors.\n\nFeatured Resource: Find a Pre-Screened Local Shed Builder\n\nNEXT SEE:\n\n• Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse • Building a Shed or Playhouse •\nFastening a Patio Roof to the House • How to Build a Horse Barn\n\nAbout Don Vandervort\n\nDon Vandervort has developed his expertise for more than 30 years, as Building\nEditor for Sunset Books, Senior Editor at Home Magazine, author of more than\n30 home improvement books, and writer of countless magazine articles. He\nappeared for 3 seasons on HGTV’s “The Fix,” and served as MSN’s home expert\nfor several years. Don founded HomeTips in 1996. Read more about Don\nVandervort\n\n### Next See:\n\n * Choosing the Right Design Help for Your Remodel\n * Greenhouse Kits: Let’s Get Growing!\n * 10 Steps to a Successful Bath Remodel\n * Patio Roof Cover Sheds Water, Allows Natural Light\n\nTagged lean to shedshedsheds\n\n * #### Why We’re Experts\n\nDon Vandervort writes or edits every article at HomeTips. Don has: • Over 30\nyears’ experience as a remodeler and builder. • Written more than 30 home\nimprovement books. • Served as Senior Editor at Home Magazine. • Appeared as a\nsegment host on HGTV’s “The Fix” for 3 seasons. • Been a featured expert on\nMSN.com, US News, and many others. • Learn more about the trusted HomeTips\nbrand!\n\n * ## Related Articles\n\n * ### Horse Barn Construction\n\n * ### How to Build a Gable Shed or Playhouse\n\n * ### Anatomy of an Outdoor Shed or Playhouse\n\n * ### Building a Shed or Playhouse\n\n * Affiliate Disclosure\n\nHomeTips articles may contain links to Amazon.com and other partner programs\nthat provide helpful products and services. As an Amazon Associate, HomeTips\nearns from qualifying purchases which allows us to continue creating helpful\nDIY content.\n\n * report this ad\n\n * ## Search Expert Articles\n\nreport this ad\n\n * About HomeTips\n * Advertise\n * Site Map\n * Copyright © 2020, HomeTips LLC\n * Terms of Use\n * Privacy Policy\n * Contact HomeTips\n\nx\n\nx\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20210509214723/https://plasticinehouse.com/how-to-build-lean-to-shed/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How To Build A Lean To Shed [Complete Step-by-Step Guide]",
"passages": [
"Recently I was doing some research on how to build a Lean To shed and what the best practices are. If you’ve already read my post about how I built my first shed, you may inquire why I need another one.",
"Well, over the last few years the original shed slowly filled up not only with my wife’s garden tools but also with the snow blower, generator, winter/summer tires for two cars, and some building supplies.",
"My wife says it’s her garden shed and my stuff is in her way! She showed me a picture of a plastic shed at a box store and told me it would be perfect if I got it for her, and it would be only for her gardening supplies and tools!",
"What an insult to me as a DIYer! To keep peace in the house and uphold my status as a handyman, I decided to build my wife a much better 4×8 Lean-to shed than any plastic one could be.",
"I began looking at our property and working out a building plan. I didn’t want it taking space that the kids and we use, nor could I put it in the far back corner and keep the peace. I looked at the existing 12×14 shed and the space around it.",
"The location was awesome, but I couldn’t build a stand-alone without cutting down a tree or messing with gardens and sight lines. Adding a lean-to to existing shed would be perfect! I could tuck it against the side wall, the only accessible wall.",
"The slope of the original shed, however, put some constraints on the Lean-to height, which would also impact the other dimensions. To get a usable height, the shed could only be 8-feet long. If I came out 4-feet, the slope would be about 2/12 – the minimum for low slope asphalt shingles.",
"The highest the Lean To roof could be against the existing wall was 83-inches. On a 4-foot run that would take 8-inches off at the outside wall, which impacts the door height (I’m 6’-2”...ummm... but my wife is 5’-3”J).",
"If I made it 4×8, I could use standard dimension materials and reduce the cost. The size would hold all the gardening tools, pots and planters, fertilizers, and maybe even a potting bench! Peace was just a saw-cut away!",
"Once I decided what and where to build, it was time to consider other factors affecting the design and placement of the Lean-to. The location of trees, bushes, and gardens I’d already considered, but the effect of frost on attached vs. unattached was equally important. My next decision was attached or free-standing, and did I need a permit.",
"According to our local regulations we can build 2 sheds less than 144 sq.ft. each on the property without a permit. So if I attach the lean-to shed to the existing 12×14 shed (which I had a permit for) a permit would be required. Check with your local building department; they can be quite helpful.",
"Size and style – different locations have different requirements regarding the size of outbuildings, the style acceptable in neighborhoods, even color and finishes permitted",
"Adds extra space to the lean-to as you don’t need to build the back wall, removing existing siding also adds some space",
"Frost heave in cold-climates may be an issue *Most house foundations are warm (heated) foundations reaching below frost levels. An unheated foundation may have to be even deeper to prevent frost heave or risk damage to both structures.",
"How to water and bug proof a wall built flush to another building, but not attached, if not far enough away to allow air movement",
"Concrete slab – a concrete slab is permanent, and makes a great shed floor, but could affect taxes. The structure could just sit on the level slab and still be moveable, so not taxable",
"I decided to go with my favorite deck blocks. I’d used them for the original shed, but had cemented in adjustable 4×4 deck supports to offset any settling issues. This time I’d do it the classic way – without adjustable inserts! It would keep the cost down.",
"I decided I would only need 2 rows of 3 blocks each to support the floor. The shed wouldn’t be very heavy, and nothing heavy would be stored in it, so additional support wasn’t needed.",
"I planned to use crushed gravel under the blocks to help with drainage and leveling. Use a crushed stone that has pieces 3/4” and smaller mixed with gravel dust, it compacts better, is easier to level, and drains well.",
"Start with a corner block. Dig out the first hole, set in the block and check the elevation of the floor using a 2×6. Make sure the block is deep enough to give the desired finished floor height. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the corner block, check elevation, and level it side to side and front to back.",
"Use the 2×6 to mark the placement of the holes for the next blocks. Dig the next hole in the row, add in the gravel, and place the block. Use the 2×6 to level with corner block and make sure the location is correct. Level it side-to-side and front to back, add or remove gravel to adjust the level.",
"Repeat the process for the last block in the row. Once it is set, use the 2×6 to ensure the row is level and where you want it.",
"Place a corner block, use the 2×6 on the corner block of the first row and locate and check for square. The 3-4-5 rule works well for this size (3-feet along the back row, 4-feet from back to the front row, and 5-feet diagonally connecting the 3’ and 4’ marks).",
"Dig out the hole, set in the block and check the floor elevation using the 2×6. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the block, check elevation and level with first-row corner block, and level it side to side and front to back.",
"Repeat the process for the remaining blocks, checking for location and level from second-row corner block and first row blocks.",
"I choose to build the floor frame using 2×6 single ply beams resting on each row of 3 deck blocks. I’d use Simpson Strong-Tie LUS26 joist hangers to attach the joists to the beams. The hangers would be attached to the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each. The Simpson SD9212 screws are code rated for shear-force use.",
"Pro Tip: Never use roofing nails! The heads often separate when driven against metal. Additionally, they are not shear-force rated for this use!",
"Mark beams going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4... Place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where the joists will be located, at 16-inch centers.",
"*This is where I decided to lay out some ground cloth to prevent weeds from growing. I covered the cloth with a thin layer of gravel. I wanted to make sure there was space for air to flow under the shed floor to help keep moisture down. I could have done it before building the frame, but making square and level adjustments would have been more difficult.",
"Install the joist hangers at the marks on the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!).",
"Once the frame is together, I checked for square and level, and made sure there was space for airflow between the joists and gravel.",
"For the floor of the shed, I followed the advice I wrote in the article about shed floor plywood thickness. Pressure treated 3⁄4” exterior grade (CDX) plywood is rot and moisture resistant. The heavier thickness won’t sag, and surface defects have been removed and replaced with football shaped plugs giving a smooth surface too.",
"The single sheet needed for the floor was simple to place and made squaring the frame easy. Use 2-1/2” galvanized nails or treated deck screws – I made sure they were rated for pressure treated use or they would quickly corrode. The nails or screws should be spaced 12-inches apart on the joists and beams. Be careful not to hit the nails attaching the joists to the beams.",
"With the floor built it was time to plan, layout, and build the walls. I decided to use the floor deck as a level space to assemble all the wall sections; much easier than on uneven ground. As part of the planning, I lay out the walls on paper so I can also do up a materials list. I hate having to drop what I’m doing and go to the lumber store because I’m a 2×4 short!",
"I was struggling with the 8-foot front wall layout and trying to limit waste and cost. I planned to use LP SmartSide panel siding which comes in 4×8 sheets. If I framed for a standard 36” door, I’d need 1 full sheet plus a 1-foot strip off a third, leaving almost a full sheet as waste or to store.",
"To save $45 on a full sheet, I’d need to build a 4-foot door. I could live with that! If I moved the door opening to be off center, with the door closer to one end, and if it was trimmed it could even be narrower, increasing storage potential inside.",
"A 96-inch long wall, less 48” for the 4×8 SmartSide, less door trim – 2 planks 1×4 (3.5”) = 7” + 1⁄4 space between doors, leaves a 40-3/4” wide door.",
"Using 16o.c. framing I’d need 3 2x4s (including the trimmer stud) on each side of the door opening to attach the SmartSide and trim to; that was doable!",
"The back wall was straightforward framing. Place the top and bottom plate together, mark both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where studs will be located.",
"Cut the studs and place them between the bottom and top plates. Fasten the outside studs to form the frame, and then fasten all studs. Square the wall and screw a 2x4x10 diagonally to keep the wall frame square and rigid. I then leaned it out of the way against the existing shed.",
"The two side walls were also straightforward framing. I just repeated the same steps as used to construct for back wall frame. Place them out of the way.",
"Lean the walls where they are easy to get, and so they can’t fall and be damaged or injure someone.",
"Having planned the front wall layout, I placed the top and bottom plates together. Marked where the king studs for the door would go, remembering not to mark for studs between them. Then I marked both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark – again this is where studs will be located.",
"Assemble the wall frame the same as the other three walls. I added an extra stud beside each king stud. I used two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh it out to 3-1⁄2” thick for the header. The header for the door goes between the two king studs, and then the trimmer studs get nailed into place. With everything nailed together, move the wall out of the way.",
"With the walls all framed, it was time to put them all together. The back wall would be impossible to finish once it was in place, so I had to sheath and waterproof it before raising it into place. LI laid the back wall on the floor platform. Removed the diagonal brace, and placed the 7/16” OSB sheathing so it goes past the bottom plate by 1-inch. I also used the OSB to help square the wall before nailing it on.",
"The 7/16”OSB was attached to the stud frame (including the bottom and top plate) using 3-inch 10d galvanized nails or screws.",
"To protect the “exterior” of the wall, I chose to use tar paper as a barrier against weather and moisture damage. I unrolled the 1^st or bottom row and stapled it to the OSB. I left enough of an overhang at both ends to wrap over the 2×4 stud.",
"I unrolled the 2^nd or middle row of tar paper and overlapped the lower layer by about 6-inches. Stapled it down and rolled out the last row. I let it overlap the middle row, so it was flush with the top edge of the OSB and stapled it down. Both rows should be as long as the first row too. Curl the ends down over the end 2×4 studs, and staple to hold.",
"I began assembling the walls with the sheathed and protected back wall. Lifted the wall and used a 2×4 to brace it upright. Aligned it with the floor edges, and used 3-1/2” 16d galvanized nails or coated (green) screws to secure the bottom plate to the floor and beam.",
"With the back wall nailed and braced into position, I placed the left wall onto the floor. Aligned it with the floor edge and back wall, and fastened it to the floor and joist using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws. I used the same fasteners to connect the end studs of the two walls. Plumbed and braced the walls.",
"I moved the right wall into place. Aligned the bottom edge and the back, and used 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws to fasten it to the joist and the back wall. Plumbed and braced as with the left wall.",
"I lifted the front wall into position; aligned it with the floor edge and side walls. Fastened the bottom plate to the front beam, and then to the side walls using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws.",
"I cut the top plates for the two side walls so they overlap the front wall. Used 3-inch nails to secure the top plates into place. The overlap ties the side wall more securely to the front wall.",
"I live in a snowy climate, and the lean-to roof slope gave me some concerns. The ideal roof slope for the climate is 5/12, or better. That means for every 12-inches (or foot) the roof runs; it goes up 5-inches. The steeper the slope, the faster it sheds snow, ice, and leaves, so less build-up.",
"The best I could do was a 2/12 slope. Any greater and even my wife would have to duck going in! The roof is narrow enough, and close enough to the ground, that if snow build-up got too great, I could use a snow rake to remove it. Plus, it wasn’t a big roof with the trusses/rafters unsupported for a long distance.",
"I checked the options for finishing the roof. The house and original shed had asphalt shingles, and I planned to use matching shingles if I could.",
"Asphalt shingles: manufacturers recommend a 4/12 slope or greater for asphalt shingles. The minimum rating is 2/12, and the shingle should be labeled “Low Slope”. The least expensive option, but only warrantied for 10 to 15 years.",
"Metal: low slope metal roofing is usually sheets of ribbed metal, known as standing seam, that are rated for slopes as low as 1⁄2”/12. It’s more expensive than asphalt shingles (between 2 and 8 times the cost) but longer lasting and is warrantied for 25 or more years.",
"Composite: composite shingles are more durable than asphalt shingles and are resistant to UV, mold, moss and algae damage. They are often made partly with recycled materials, and are even fire resistant! More expensive than the cost of steel roofing, and depending on the grade of composite shingle 8 to 32 times the cost of asphalt shingles. However, it is warrantied for 30 to 50 years.",
"It’s recommended that galvanized 10 to 12 gauge nails with a 3/8” head be used. The nails should be long enough to go 3/4” into the wood of the roof deck too. The nail head should sit flat and flush with the shingle when driven in.",
"To maximize the back wall height, and due to the roof overhang of the existing shed the lean-to butts against, I decided to attach the rafters to the double top plate using Simpson Strong-Tie ridge rafter connectors. The 2×4 rafters would be sheathed with 19/32 tongue and groove OSB, and then I’d use asphalt shingles to finish the roof.",
"The ridge rafter hangers may be secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.",
"The rafters were attached to front wall top plate with Simpson Hurricane Ties and secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.",
"Step-by-Step process I used the practices laid out in my article about shed roof framing to calculate the length of the rafters and to layout and cut the angles of the birdsmouth. Once a pattern rafter was cut, it was used to mark all the remaining common rafters. For short rafters, it may be easier to set one in place and use a square to mark the cuts, and then use it as a pattern after making all the cuts.",
"To select the lumber for the rafters I use a Rafter Span Table to determine the spacing and dimension lumber for your rafters. The dimension lumber needed for the rafter is determined by the span or unsupported distance the rafter must run. For my lean-to 2×4 lumber at 16”-centers are acceptable as the distance is less than 5-feet.",
"The length of the rafter from the front edge of the back wall double plate to the front edge of the double plate of the front wall I calculated using the total rise and the total run it traverses. A bit of middle school math called the Pythagorean Theorem and a calculator, or use a construction calculator, or a free one online rafter calculator, to help determine the length. This also identifies where the notch or back of the birdsmouth begins.",
"To calculate the length of the rafter I multiply the (rise x rise) + (run x run), find the square root, and I have the distance the rafter must span – remember to use the same units! For my rafter it was (8”x8”) + (48”x48”) = 2368”, find the square root and the span is 48.66” or 48-21/32”+/-. This is rafter length before adding the extra distance for the eave overhang.",
"The acceptable spacing according to the Rafter Span Tables can be 12” or 16” with 2x4s. I chose 16” centers so the rafters would sit over top of each of the studs, improving the load transfer and increasing the roof support.",
"To calculate the plumb angle for the rafter ends and the birdsmouth I use a framing square.I layout the cut for the ridge end of the rafter first, and then mark where the birdsmouth begins. I set the long arm of the square against the bottom side of the rafter at 12”, and align the short arm with the top corner of the rafter end. Keeping the 12” and corner reference, I gently slide the short arm down until it sits at the bottom edge of the rafter at the desired rise of the roof – 2”s for my roof. I double check the 12” and corner reference and the rise reference and draw a line from the upper corner down the short arm. That is the plumb line for the rafter cut.",
"The location of the back of the birdsmouth that hooks over the top plate of the outer wall is where the mark for the length of the rafter is. I draw a plumb line on the rafter at that mark similar to the ridge end of the rafter.",
"The minimum thickness of the rafter sitting on the top plate according to most building codes is 1-1/2”s. However, the rule of thumb is that the cut should not be deeper than a third of the thickness of the rafter. For a 2×4 rafter that would be 1-3/16”s deep.",
"I use the building square on the underside of the rafter with the short arm down. I move the inside of the short arm up the plumb line from the rafter bottom to the desired depth – checking the square is aligned on the plumb line. I mark a line along the rafter where the underside of the long arm of the square sits. The two lines form the cut out for the birdsmouth.",
"I determine the length of the overhang or eves, and align the square to similar to cutting the ridge end of the rafter and mark the cut for the tail of the rafter.",
"The two end clips for the side rafters have one wing cut off – make sure to cut off the left from one clip and the right from another clip.",
"I installed the rafter clips at 16-inch centers, above each of the studs. Securing the rafter hangers with 2-1/2” 8d or 10d galvanized nails or 2-1/2” Simpson SD Structural Connector screws.",
"I placed the rafters into the clips and fastened them with 1-1/2” 8d galvanized nails or 1-1/2” SD Connector screws.",
"I could have attached the rafters to the front wall plate using 16d (3-1/2”) nails to toenail them into place. Instead, I used Hurricane Ties to secure them and to prevent any wind lift, also less chance of splitting the rafter. 2-1/2” and 1-1/2” SD Structural Connector screws fastened the Ties to the top plate and the rafters respectively.",
"For sheathing a roof either plywood or OSB are fine. The building code sets minimum thicknesses based on snow load and rafter spacing. I used 19/32” T&G OSB, it’s less expensive than plywood, plus I had half a sheet left over from another job! (I never throw out wood that could be used someday!)",
"I tacked the fascia into place and used clamps to hold the bottom sheet of sheathing in place after aligning it. I measure the next piece, cut and slid it into place. Because the lean too was tight to the existing shed and its roof overhang, I secured the upper piece first. The lower piece was easier to slide up into the groove channel from below. I removed the fascia so it wouldn’t be damaged if I needed to persuade the lower piece into the groove. Use 2-1/2” (8d) galvanized nails to fasten the OSB to the rafters.",
"I cut the roof felt on the ground, ensuring it had about 4 to 6 inches extra at both ends. Rolled out the first row, stapled (use stainless steel staples) it into place. The second row I rolled out, so it overlapped the first and stapled too.",
"LP SmartSide panels or T1-11 panels? What’s the difference? T1-11 panels came out in the 1960s and are plywood based panels that have grooves cut into them. They look like board and batten siding on a vertical application, or shiplap siding on the horizontal.",
"LP SmartSide panels look like T1-11 panels but are made of OSB based material. However, the OSB strands are coated with zinc borate and then fused together with a resin mixed with marine wax. The panel more water and insect resistant than T1-11. The panel is then given a resin-saturated Smart Guard overlay for painting and protection.",
"The SmartSide panels are also less likely to develop cracks or layer separation than the T1-11. One other side issue, porcupines like the glue in the plywood T1-11 panels, but don’t like the resin in SmartSide panels.",
"I decided to use LP SmartSide panels which are 3/8-inch 4×8 sheets. I could have used vinyl siding, but time and cost were determining factors. I needed 3 SmartSide panels which cost $45 in my local store, vinyl would cost $220 -$280, and I’d still need to sheath it! Time and money!",
"To make installation easier, I attached support for the side panels 1-1/2” below the bottom plate. I stood the side sheets up and used claps to hold them in position while I marked them for cutting.",
"The manufacturer suggests applying glue to the studs for added adhesion strength. They recommend that 1-1/2” screws or 2” galvanized nails be used and spaced every 12-inches. All cuts should also be painted, and all openings sealed or flashed to prevent moisture damage.",
"With the SmartSiding attached, I installed the wall-roof trim on the side walls flush to the roof sheathing and fastened the fascia board into place. I then trimmed the roofing felt so the flashing and drip edge could be installed.",
"Fascia and Rake Fascia Before installing the flashing, the rake fascia (gable end fascia) had to be fitted and cut. I marked the angles with a speed square and cut the back end. I held the rake board flush with the roof deck, verified the front angle and length for both ends, and then cut both rake fascia boards. I use 8d galvanized nails to secure both rake fascia boards into place, and the fascia board to the front of the rafters.",
"I installed the drip edge on the front side first and used aluminum nails to fasten it. It should go under roofing felt to allow the roof to shed moisture properly.",
"I choose architectural roofing shingles to match the other buildings on my property. Using a scrap piece of sheathing as a cutting board, I trimmed the tabs off three shingles – enough to do the first row at the drip edge. The trimmed strips were installed upside down, so the sticky side was up, and secured with 1-1/4” roofing nails so 3/8” overlapped the front of the drip edge.",
"I trimmed the tabs off another 3 shingles and nailed them upside right on top of the upside down shingles as a starter strip. Offset the next row by 1/3 of a shingle to protect the seams and nail the next row into place, keeping it aligned with the chalk line. I continued shingling the roof using a chalk line to keep the rows straight.",
"The tools for shingling a roof are fairly simple, a hammer, a metal speed square, chalk line, knife, and shingle nails.",
"Trim the tabs off enough shingles to do the first row twice. One set goes upside down, and the other set goes upside right on top of the first set as the starter strip. The first full shingle is offset by a 1/3^rd and nail into place.",
"I sanded 1x4x8 lumber to use for the trim, the same as I’d used for the fascia and rake fascia. I cut the pieces for the front corner trim first so the front board would overlap the side board. Angle cut the top of the side trim boards, then marked and cut the length. I used 8d galvanized nails to attach the trim through the SmartSide and into the studs. One nail every 12-inches beginning 2-inches from the ends to avoid splitting.",
"The back two corners I trimmed and nailed the same as the side of the front corner. The trim on the door opening was straightforward. I installed the header trim 1-inch above the door opening and made it long enough to overlap the top of the side casing trim. I measured and cut the casing trim, butted them under the header trim, and nailed the door trim the same way the rest of the trim was installed.",
"With all the trim attached, it was time to prime it for painting. A brush for edging and a roller for the face make quick work of the task.",
"With the trim primed and caulked, it was time to figure out what kind of paint to use. The siding was prefinished, but it could also be painted any color you choose. An acrylic latex paint designed for wood composites is highly recommended if painting the SmartSide panels. It worked great on the primed trim too.",
"The finishing touch was the double shed door. Having built them for two previous sheds, I decided the tried and true would be best. I’ll give a brief explanation and save the detailed explanation for a separate article on how to build double shed doors.",
"I used tongue-and-groove 9/16”x6”x8’ pine boards to make the two 20-1/4”x168” door panels for the 40-3/4” door opening. Each board was glued at the groove, and the panel reinforced with 3 horizontal and two diagonal battens on the back side of the door, making the outer face nice and clean. I made sure the diagonal braces pointed down and into the hanging jamb.",
"The hardware is common spring-loaded gate hinges. For added security, I use 2 galvanized bolts per hinge, one in the hinge plate and one in the tee arm. I also add a hasp and lock to keep it closed so little hands can’t get at something that could harm them.",
"I hope you enjoyed this article and it was informative and interesting. If you know someone who is planning to build a lean-to shed, please share with them. Your feedback and comments are greatly appreciated. Remember to check back soon for our article on how to build shed doors.",
"Eugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative while inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home improvement, renovation and woodworking.",
"Hi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have built two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool stuff and help my wife with her garden. About me",
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]
},
"parsed_md": "How To Build A Lean To Shed [Complete Step-by-Step Guide]\n\nSkip to content\n\n# How To Build A Lean To Shed [Complete Step-by-Step Guide]\n\n20205shares\n\n * Share\n * Pin\n\nLast updated June 18, 2020\n\nRecently I was doing some research on how to build a Lean To shed and what the\nbest practices are. If you’ve already read my post about how I built my first\nshed, you may inquire why I need another one.\n\nWell, over the last few years the original shed slowly filled up not only with\nmy wife’s garden tools but also with the snow blower, generator, winter/summer\ntires for two cars, and some building supplies.\n\nMy wife says it’s her garden shed and my stuff is in her way! She showed me a\npicture of a plastic shed at a box store and told me it would be perfect if I\ngot it for her, and it would be only for her gardening supplies and tools!\n\nWhat an insult to me as a DIYer! To keep peace in the house and uphold my\nstatus as a handyman, I decided to build my wife a much better 4×8 Lean-to\nshed than any plastic one could be.\n\nThis post will guide you through the main steps of building this type of shed\nfrom scratch.\n\nQuick Navigation\n\n * Lean To Shed Requirements and Design\n * Considerations for Building Lean To Sheds\n * How To Build A Lean To Shed: Step by Step\n * Step 1: Build Shed Foundation\n * Step 2: Building Floor Frame\n * Step 3: Wall Framing\n * Step 4: Building Lean To Roof\n * Step 5: Install Roof Sheathing\n * Step 6: Install Siding\n * Step 7: Install Shingles\n * Step 8: Install Trim\n * Step 9: Caulking\n * Step 10: Paint Siding and Trim\n * Step 11: Building Double Door\n * Step 12: Install Shed Doors\n\n## Lean To Shed Requirements and Design\n\nI began looking at our property and working out a building plan. I didn’t want\nit taking space that the kids and we use, nor could I put it in the far back\ncorner and keep the peace. I looked at the existing 12×14 shed and the space\naround it.\n\nThe location was awesome, but I couldn’t build a stand-alone without cutting\ndown a tree or messing with gardens and sight lines. Adding a lean-to to\nexisting shed would be perfect! I could tuck it against the side wall, the\nonly accessible wall.\n\nThe slope of the original shed, however, put some constraints on the Lean-to\nheight, which would also impact the other dimensions. To get a usable height,\nthe shed could only be 8-feet long. If I came out 4-feet, the slope would be\nabout 2/12 – the minimum for low slope asphalt shingles.\n\nThe highest the Lean To roof could be against the existing wall was 83-inches.\nOn a 4-foot run that would take 8-inches off at the outside wall, which\nimpacts the door height (I’m 6’-2”...ummm... but my wife is 5’-3”J).\n\nIf I made it 4×8, I could use standard dimension materials and reduce the\ncost. The size would hold all the gardening tools, pots and planters,\nfertilizers, and maybe even a potting bench! Peace was just a saw-cut away!\n\n## Considerations for Building Lean To Sheds\n\nOnce I decided what and where to build, it was time to consider other factors\naffecting the design and placement of the Lean-to. The location of trees,\nbushes, and gardens I’d already considered, but the effect of frost on\nattached vs. unattached was equally important. My next decision was attached\nor free-standing, and did I need a permit.\n\nAccording to our local regulations we can build 2 sheds less than 144 sq.ft.\neach on the property without a permit. So if I attach the lean-to shed to the\nexisting 12×14 shed (which I had a permit for) a permit would be required.\nCheck with your local building department; they can be quite helpful.\n\nLocal Restrictions:\n\n * Permanent foundation – a permanent foundation has tax implications in many locations\n * Auxiliary buildings – some areas may restrict the number of structures allowed on a property\n * Size and style – different locations have different requirements regarding the size of outbuildings, the style acceptable in neighborhoods, even color and finishes permitted\n * Clearances – some local ordinances dictate the clearances between buildings, property lines, and utilities\n\nAttached to Another Building:\n\n * Hangs on existing wall\n * Adds extra space to the lean-to as you don’t need to build the back wall, removing existing siding also adds some space\n * Only building 3 walls, reduced cost of building a separate back wall\n * May be insurance and tax implications as it becomes a more permanent structure\n * Frost heave in cold-climates may be an issue *Most house foundations are warm (heated) foundations reaching below frost levels. An unheated foundation may have to be even deeper to prevent frost heave or risk damage to both structures.\n\nFree-standing:\n\n * Easier to move or remove\n * Separate foundation so fewer issues with frost heave\n * How to water and bug proof a wall built flush to another building, but not attached, if not far enough away to allow air movement\n * Building 4 walls increase the cost\n * Separate foundation so more building freedom\n\nFoundation Options:\n\n * Concrete slab – a concrete slab is permanent, and makes a great shed floor, but could affect taxes. The structure could just sit on the level slab and still be moveable, so not taxable\n * Deck blocks – inexpensive and easy to install, allow airflow under the shed to reduce moisture and rot\n * Skid – easier to relocate shed, airflow under the shed, quick and easy to build\n * Gravel pad – easy to build, still need to build a floor and lift it off the gravel\n\n## How To Build A Lean To Shed: Step by Step\n\nWhat You’ll Need :\n\n * Tape Measure\n * 48-Inch Level\n * Circular Saw or Miter Saw\n * Nail Gun\n * Drill Driver/Impact Kit\n\n## Step 1: Build Shed Foundation\n\nI decided to go with my favorite deck blocks. I’d used them for the original\nshed, but had cemented in adjustable 4×4 deck supports to offset any settling\nissues. This time I’d do it the classic way – without adjustable inserts! It\nwould keep the cost down.\n\nI decided I would only need 2 rows of 3 blocks each to support the floor. The\nshed wouldn’t be very heavy, and nothing heavy would be stored in it, so\nadditional support wasn’t needed.\n\nI planned to use crushed gravel under the blocks to help with drainage and\nleveling. Use a crushed stone that has pieces 3/4” and smaller mixed with\ngravel dust, it compacts better, is easier to level, and drains well.\n\nStart with the row closest to existing shed:\n\n * Start with a corner block. Dig out the first hole, set in the block and check the elevation of the floor using a 2×6. Make sure the block is deep enough to give the desired finished floor height. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the corner block, check elevation, and level it side to side and front to back.\n\n * Use the 2×6 to mark the placement of the holes for the next blocks. Dig the next hole in the row, add in the gravel, and place the block. Use the 2×6 to level with corner block and make sure the location is correct. Level it side-to-side and front to back, add or remove gravel to adjust the level.\n\n * Repeat the process for the last block in the row. Once it is set, use the 2×6 to ensure the row is level and where you want it.\n\nThe second row:\n\n * Place a corner block, use the 2×6 on the corner block of the first row and locate and check for square. The 3-4-5 rule works well for this size (3-feet along the back row, 4-feet from back to the front row, and 5-feet diagonally connecting the 3’ and 4’ marks).\n\n * Dig out the hole, set in the block and check the floor elevation using the 2×6. Remove the block and dig down a couple of inches deeper. Add gravel to bring it back up to level and replace the block, check elevation and level with first-row corner block, and level it side to side and front to back.\n\n * Repeat the process for the remaining blocks, checking for location and level from second-row corner block and first row blocks.\n\n * You could do all 4 corner blocks first, then the middle blocks.\n\nI dug the hole, filled it with a couple of inches of gravel, and placed deck\nblock.\n\nI checked the level between blocks and between rows.\n\nI laid out the two beams and checked for level...again.\n\nHere’s the video:\n\n## Step 2: Building Floor Frame\n\nI choose to build the floor frame using 2×6 single ply beams resting on each\nrow of 3 deck blocks. I’d use Simpson Strong-Tie LUS26 joist hangers to attach\nthe joists to the beams. The hangers would be attached to the beams using 4\nSimpson SD9212 screws in each. The Simpson SD9212 screws are code rated for\nshear-force use.\n\nPro Tip: Never use roofing nails! The heads often separate when driven against\nmetal. Additionally, they are not shear-force rated for this use!\n\nSource: Strongtie.com\n\nStep by step process:\n\n * Install the two beams and check for level, adjust if needed.\n * Cut and install the two side/end joists.\n * Cut and install the middle joist ant the middle deck blocks.\n * Mark beams going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4... Place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where the joists will be located, at 16-inch centers.\n * Fasten the end and middle joists to the beams using galvanized 3”-10d nails.\n * Square the frame using the 3-4-5 rule, and check and adjust level if needed.\n\n*This is where I decided to lay out some ground cloth to prevent weeds from growing. I covered the cloth with a thin layer of gravel. I wanted to make sure there was space for air to flow under the shed floor to help keep moisture down. I could have done it before building the frame, but making square and level adjustments would have been more difficult.\n\n * Install the joist hangers at the marks on the beams using 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!).\n * Cut the joists and place into the hangers.\n * Toe-nail the joists through the joist hangers into the beams with 4 galvanized 3”-10d nails.\n * Check for square and level...again!\n\nSource: Strongtie.com\n\nPro Tip: Use an End Cut preservative to seal all cuts before assembling the\nframe.\n\nI seal all saw cuts with a wood preservative.\n\nI laid out the garden cloth and covered it with a thin layer of gravel.\n\nUse 4 Simpson SD9212 screws in each (not roofing nails!) and toe-nail using\nfour 3” 10d galvanized nails.\n\nOnce the frame is together, I checked for square and level, and made sure\nthere was space for airflow between the joists and gravel.\n\nShed Floor\n\nFor the floor of the shed, I followed the advice I wrote in the article about\nshed floor plywood thickness. Pressure treated 3⁄4” exterior grade (CDX)\nplywood is rot and moisture resistant. The heavier thickness won’t sag, and\nsurface defects have been removed and replaced with football shaped plugs\ngiving a smooth surface too.\n\nThe single sheet needed for the floor was simple to place and made squaring\nthe frame easy. Use 2-1/2” galvanized nails or treated deck screws – I made\nsure they were rated for pressure treated use or they would quickly corrode.\nThe nails or screws should be spaced 12-inches apart on the joists and beams.\nBe careful not to hit the nails attaching the joists to the beams.\n\nPro Tip: To learn more about what type of fasteners to use for shed building\nread my post here.\n\n## Step 3: Wall Framing\n\nWith the floor built it was time to plan, layout, and build the walls. I\ndecided to use the floor deck as a level space to assemble all the wall\nsections; much easier than on uneven ground. As part of the planning, I lay\nout the walls on paper so I can also do up a materials list. I hate having to\ndrop what I’m doing and go to the lumber store because I’m a 2×4 short!\n\nI was struggling with the 8-foot front wall layout and trying to limit waste\nand cost. I planned to use LP SmartSide panel siding which comes in 4×8\nsheets. If I framed for a standard 36” door, I’d need 1 full sheet plus a\n1-foot strip off a third, leaving almost a full sheet as waste or to store.\n\nTo save $45 on a full sheet, I’d need to build a 4-foot door. I could live\nwith that! If I moved the door opening to be off center, with the door closer\nto one end, and if it was trimmed it could even be narrower, increasing\nstorage potential inside.\n\nIn the end:\n\nA 96-inch long wall, less 48” for the 4×8 SmartSide, less door trim – 2 planks\n1×4 (3.5”) = 7” + 1⁄4 space between doors, leaves a 40-3/4” wide door.\n\nUsing 16o.c. framing I’d need 3 2x4s (including the trimmer stud) on each side\nof the door opening to attach the SmartSide and trim to; that was doable!\n\nBack Wall\n\nThe back wall was straightforward framing. Place the top and bottom plate\ntogether, mark both plates going from left to right – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4,\nand place an X on the left side of the mark – this is where studs will be\nlocated.\n\nCut the studs and place them between the bottom and top plates. Fasten the\noutside studs to form the frame, and then fasten all studs. Square the wall\nand screw a 2x4x10 diagonally to keep the wall frame square and rigid. I then\nleaned it out of the way against the existing shed.\n\nSide Walls\n\nThe two side walls were also straightforward framing. I just repeated the same\nsteps as used to construct for back wall frame. Place them out of the way.\n\nThe side walls were straightforward framing.\n\nLean the walls where they are easy to get, and so they can’t fall and be\ndamaged or injure someone.\n\nFront Wall\n\nHaving planned the front wall layout, I placed the top and bottom plates\ntogether. Marked where the king studs for the door would go, remembering not\nto mark for studs between them. Then I marked both plates going from left to\nright – 16-3⁄4, 32-3⁄4, 48-3⁄4, and place an X on the left side of the mark –\nagain this is where studs will be located.\n\nAssemble the wall frame the same as the other three walls. I added an extra\nstud beside each king stud. I used two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh\nit out to 3-1⁄2” thick for the header. The header for the door goes between\nthe two king studs, and then the trimmer studs get nailed into place. With\neverything nailed together, move the wall out of the way.\n\nThe front wall before the double stud and trimmer stud were added.\n\nThe header is two 2x4s with a 7/16” strip of OSB to flesh it out to 3-1⁄2”\nthick.\n\nWith the walls all framed, it was time to put them all together. The back wall\nwould be impossible to finish once it was in place, so I had to sheath and\nwaterproof it before raising it into place. LI laid the back wall on the floor\nplatform. Removed the diagonal brace, and placed the 7/16” OSB sheathing so it\ngoes past the bottom plate by 1-inch. I also used the OSB to help square the\nwall before nailing it on.\n\nThe 7/16”OSB was attached to the stud frame (including the bottom and top\nplate) using 3-inch 10d galvanized nails or screws.\n\nAttach Tar Paper\n\nTo protect the “exterior” of the wall, I chose to use tar paper as a barrier\nagainst weather and moisture damage. I unrolled the 1^st or bottom row and\nstapled it to the OSB. I left enough of an overhang at both ends to wrap over\nthe 2×4 stud.\n\nI unrolled the 2^nd or middle row of tar paper and overlapped the lower layer\nby about 6-inches. Stapled it down and rolled out the last row. I let it\noverlap the middle row, so it was flush with the top edge of the OSB and\nstapled it down. Both rows should be as long as the first row too. Curl the\nends down over the end 2×4 studs, and staple to hold.\n\nWalls Assembly\n\nI began assembling the walls with the sheathed and protected back wall. Lifted\nthe wall and used a 2×4 to brace it upright. Aligned it with the floor edges,\nand used 3-1/2” 16d galvanized nails or coated (green) screws to secure the\nbottom plate to the floor and beam.\n\nWith the back wall nailed and braced into position, I placed the left wall\nonto the floor. Aligned it with the floor edge and back wall, and fastened it\nto the floor and joist using 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws. I used\nthe same fasteners to connect the end studs of the two walls. Plumbed and\nbraced the walls.\n\nI moved the right wall into place. Aligned the bottom edge and the back, and\nused 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws to fasten it to the joist and the\nback wall. Plumbed and braced as with the left wall.\n\nI lifted the front wall into position; aligned it with the floor edge and side\nwalls. Fastened the bottom plate to the front beam, and then to the side walls\nusing 3-1/2” galvanized nails or green screws.\n\nI cut the top plates for the two side walls so they overlap the front wall.\nUsed 3-inch nails to secure the top plates into place. The overlap ties the\nside wall more securely to the front wall.\n\n## Step 4: Building Lean To Roof\n\nI live in a snowy climate, and the lean-to roof slope gave me some concerns.\nThe ideal roof slope for the climate is 5/12, or better. That means for every\n12-inches (or foot) the roof runs; it goes up 5-inches. The steeper the slope,\nthe faster it sheds snow, ice, and leaves, so less build-up.\n\nThe best I could do was a 2/12 slope. Any greater and even my wife would have\nto duck going in! The roof is narrow enough, and close enough to the ground,\nthat if snow build-up got too great, I could use a snow rake to remove it.\nPlus, it wasn’t a big roof with the trusses/rafters unsupported for a long\ndistance.\n\nI checked the options for finishing the roof. The house and original shed had\nasphalt shingles, and I planned to use matching shingles if I could.\n\nMaterial options:\n\n * Asphalt shingles: manufacturers recommend a 4/12 slope or greater for asphalt shingles. The minimum rating is 2/12, and the shingle should be labeled “Low Slope”. The least expensive option, but only warrantied for 10 to 15 years.\n\n * Metal: low slope metal roofing is usually sheets of ribbed metal, known as standing seam, that are rated for slopes as low as 1⁄2”/12. It’s more expensive than asphalt shingles (between 2 and 8 times the cost) but longer lasting and is warrantied for 25 or more years.\n\n * Composite: composite shingles are more durable than asphalt shingles and are resistant to UV, mold, moss and algae damage. They are often made partly with recycled materials, and are even fire resistant! More expensive than the cost of steel roofing, and depending on the grade of composite shingle 8 to 32 times the cost of asphalt shingles. However, it is warrantied for 30 to 50 years.\n\nSource: BP Canada\n\nWarning: Never use asphalt shingles on a slope less than 2/12!\n\nIt’s recommended that galvanized 10 to 12 gauge nails with a 3/8” head be\nused. The nails should be long enough to go 3/4” into the wood of the roof\ndeck too. The nail head should sit flat and flush with the shingle when driven\nin.\n\nSource: BP Canada\n\nLean To Roof Framing\n\nTo maximize the back wall height, and due to the roof overhang of the existing\nshed the lean-to butts against, I decided to attach the rafters to the double\ntop plate using Simpson Strong-Tie ridge rafter connectors. The 2×4 rafters\nwould be sheathed with 19/32 tongue and groove OSB, and then I’d use asphalt\nshingles to finish the roof.\n\nThe ridge rafter hangers may be secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD\nStructural Connector screws or galvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\n\nThe rafters were attached to front wall top plate with Simpson Hurricane Ties\nand secured with the Simpson Strong-Drive SD Structural Connector screws or\ngalvanized 1-1/2” and 2-1/2” 8d nails.\n\nSource: Strongtie.com\n\nStep-by-Step process I used the practices laid out in my article about shed\nroof framing to calculate the length of the rafters and to layout and cut the\nangles of the birdsmouth. Once a pattern rafter was cut, it was used to mark\nall the remaining common rafters. For short rafters, it may be easier to set\none in place and use a square to mark the cuts, and then use it as a pattern\nafter making all the cuts.\n\n#### Select the Lumber\n\nTo select the lumber for the rafters I use a Rafter Span Table to determine\nthe spacing and dimension lumber for your rafters. The dimension lumber needed\nfor the rafter is determined by the span or unsupported distance the rafter\nmust run. For my lean-to 2×4 lumber at 16”-centers are acceptable as the\ndistance is less than 5-feet.\n\n#### Determine Length and Spacing\n\nThe length of the rafter from the front edge of the back wall double plate to\nthe front edge of the double plate of the front wall I calculated using the\ntotal rise and the total run it traverses. A bit of middle school math called\nthe Pythagorean Theorem and a calculator, or use a construction calculator, or\na free one online rafter calculator, to help determine the length. This also\nidentifies where the notch or back of the birdsmouth begins.\n\nTo calculate the length of the rafter I multiply the (rise x rise) + (run x\nrun), find the square root, and I have the distance the rafter must span –\nremember to use the same units! For my rafter it was (8”x8”) + (48”x48”) =\n2368”, find the square root and the span is 48.66” or 48-21/32”+/-. This is\nrafter length before adding the extra distance for the eave overhang.\n\nThe acceptable spacing according to the Rafter Span Tables can be 12” or 16”\nwith 2x4s. I chose 16” centers so the rafters would sit over top of each of\nthe studs, improving the load transfer and increasing the roof support.\n\n#### Cut Plumb Angles\n\nTo calculate the plumb angle for the rafter ends and the birdsmouth I use a\nframing square.I layout the cut for the ridge end of the rafter first, and\nthen mark where the birdsmouth begins. I set the long arm of the square\nagainst the bottom side of the rafter at 12”, and align the short arm with the\ntop corner of the rafter end. Keeping the 12” and corner reference, I gently\nslide the short arm down until it sits at the bottom edge of the rafter at the\ndesired rise of the roof – 2”s for my roof. I double check the 12” and corner\nreference and the rise reference and draw a line from the upper corner down\nthe short arm. That is the plumb line for the rafter cut.\n\n#### Mark and Cut a Birdsmouth\n\nThe location of the back of the birdsmouth that hooks over the top plate of\nthe outer wall is where the mark for the length of the rafter is. I draw a\nplumb line on the rafter at that mark similar to the ridge end of the rafter.\n\nThe minimum thickness of the rafter sitting on the top plate according to most\nbuilding codes is 1-1/2”s. However, the rule of thumb is that the cut should\nnot be deeper than a third of the thickness of the rafter. For a 2×4 rafter\nthat would be 1-3/16”s deep.\n\nI use the building square on the underside of the rafter with the short arm\ndown. I move the inside of the short arm up the plumb line from the rafter\nbottom to the desired depth – checking the square is aligned on the plumb\nline. I mark a line along the rafter where the underside of the long arm of\nthe square sits. The two lines form the cut out for the birdsmouth.\n\nI determine the length of the overhang or eves, and align the square to\nsimilar to cutting the ridge end of the rafter and mark the cut for the tail\nof the rafter.\n\nThe rafters cut, notched, and ready to install.\n\nThe two end clips for the side rafters have one wing cut off – make sure to\ncut off the left from one clip and the right from another clip.\n\nI installed the rafter clips at 16-inch centers, above each of the studs.\nSecuring the rafter hangers with 2-1/2” 8d or 10d galvanized nails or 2-1/2”\nSimpson SD Structural Connector screws.\n\nI placed the rafters into the clips and fastened them with 1-1/2” 8d\ngalvanized nails or 1-1/2” SD Connector screws.\n\nI could have attached the rafters to the front wall plate using 16d (3-1/2”)\nnails to toenail them into place. Instead, I used Hurricane Ties to secure\nthem and to prevent any wind lift, also less chance of splitting the rafter.\n2-1/2” and 1-1/2” SD Structural Connector screws fastened the Ties to the top\nplate and the rafters respectively.\n\nTo secure the two end rafters I used “L” brackets with 1-1/2” SD connector\nscrews.\n\n## Step 5: Install Roof Sheathing\n\nFor sheathing a roof either plywood or OSB are fine. The building code sets\nminimum thicknesses based on snow load and rafter spacing. I used 19/32” T&G\nOSB, it’s less expensive than plywood, plus I had half a sheet left over from\nanother job! (I never throw out wood that could be used someday!)\n\nI tacked the fascia into place and used clamps to hold the bottom sheet of\nsheathing in place after aligning it. I measure the next piece, cut and slid\nit into place. Because the lean too was tight to the existing shed and its\nroof overhang, I secured the upper piece first. The lower piece was easier to\nslide up into the groove channel from below. I removed the fascia so it\nwouldn’t be damaged if I needed to persuade the lower piece into the groove.\nUse 2-1/2” (8d) galvanized nails to fasten the OSB to the rafters.\n\nI cut the roof felt on the ground, ensuring it had about 4 to 6 inches extra\nat both ends. Rolled out the first row, stapled (use stainless steel staples)\nit into place. The second row I rolled out, so it overlapped the first and\nstapled too.\n\nI could have used a self-adhering roofing membrane, but size and cost were\ndetermining factors.\n\n## Step 6: Install Siding\n\nLP SmartSide panels or T1-11 panels? What’s the difference? T1-11 panels came\nout in the 1960s and are plywood based panels that have grooves cut into them.\nThey look like board and batten siding on a vertical application, or shiplap\nsiding on the horizontal.\n\nLP SmartSide panels look like T1-11 panels but are made of OSB based material.\nHowever, the OSB strands are coated with zinc borate and then fused together\nwith a resin mixed with marine wax. The panel more water and insect resistant\nthan T1-11. The panel is then given a resin-saturated Smart Guard overlay for\npainting and protection.\n\nThe SmartSide panels are also less likely to develop cracks or layer\nseparation than the T1-11. One other side issue, porcupines like the glue in\nthe plywood T1-11 panels, but don’t like the resin in SmartSide panels.\n\nI decided to use LP SmartSide panels which are 3/8-inch 4×8 sheets. I could\nhave used vinyl siding, but time and cost were determining factors. I needed 3\nSmartSide panels which cost $45 in my local store, vinyl would cost $220\n-$280, and I’d still need to sheath it! Time and money!\n\nTo make installation easier, I attached support for the side panels 1-1/2”\nbelow the bottom plate. I stood the side sheets up and used claps to hold them\nin position while I marked them for cutting.\n\nThe manufacturer suggests applying glue to the studs for added adhesion\nstrength. They recommend that 1-1/2” screws or 2” galvanized nails be used and\nspaced every 12-inches. All cuts should also be painted, and all openings\nsealed or flashed to prevent moisture damage.\n\nI used construction grade adhesive to add strength to the SmartSide panel\nfastening.\n\nWith the SmartSiding attached, I installed the wall-roof trim on the side\nwalls flush to the roof sheathing and fastened the fascia board into place. I\nthen trimmed the roofing felt so the flashing and drip edge could be\ninstalled.\n\nFascia and Rake Fascia Before installing the flashing, the rake fascia (gable\nend fascia) had to be fitted and cut. I marked the angles with a speed square\nand cut the back end. I held the rake board flush with the roof deck, verified\nthe front angle and length for both ends, and then cut both rake fascia\nboards. I use 8d galvanized nails to secure both rake fascia boards into\nplace, and the fascia board to the front of the rafters.\n\nI installed the drip edge on the front side first and used aluminum nails to\nfasten it. It should go under roofing felt to allow the roof to shed moisture\nproperly.\n\nThe drip edge on the side walls goes over the roofing felt and is fastened\nusing aluminum nails.\n\nTrim or bend the drip edge at the corners for a more weatherproof finish.\n\nThe roof is now ready for shingling!\n\n## Step 7: Install Shingles\n\nI choose architectural roofing shingles to match the other buildings on my\nproperty. Using a scrap piece of sheathing as a cutting board, I trimmed the\ntabs off three shingles – enough to do the first row at the drip edge. The\ntrimmed strips were installed upside down, so the sticky side was up, and\nsecured with 1-1/4” roofing nails so 3/8” overlapped the front of the drip\nedge.\n\nI trimmed the tabs off another 3 shingles and nailed them upside right on top\nof the upside down shingles as a starter strip. Offset the next row by 1/3 of\na shingle to protect the seams and nail the next row into place, keeping it\naligned with the chalk line. I continued shingling the roof using a chalk line\nto keep the rows straight.\n\nThe tools for shingling a roof are fairly simple, a hammer, a metal speed\nsquare, chalk line, knife, and shingle nails.\n\nTrim the tabs off enough shingles to do the first row twice. One set goes\nupside down, and the other set goes upside right on top of the first set as\nthe starter strip. The first full shingle is offset by a 1/3^rd and nail into\nplace.\n\nInstall the second set of tab-less shingles upside right on top of the first\nset.\n\nFinish shingling the roof, off-setting each row from the previous row by\n1/3^rd of a shingle.\n\nSeal the gap between the roof and back wall with a polyurethane sealant.\n\n## Step 8: Install Trim\n\nI sanded 1x4x8 lumber to use for the trim, the same as I’d used for the fascia\nand rake fascia. I cut the pieces for the front corner trim first so the front\nboard would overlap the side board. Angle cut the top of the side trim boards,\nthen marked and cut the length. I used 8d galvanized nails to attach the trim\nthrough the SmartSide and into the studs. One nail every 12-inches beginning\n2-inches from the ends to avoid splitting.\n\nThe back two corners I trimmed and nailed the same as the side of the front\ncorner. The trim on the door opening was straightforward. I installed the\nheader trim 1-inch above the door opening and made it long enough to overlap\nthe top of the side casing trim. I measured and cut the casing trim, butted\nthem under the header trim, and nailed the door trim the same way the rest of\nthe trim was installed.\n\nPrime the Trim\n\nWith all the trim attached, it was time to prime it for painting. A brush for\nedging and a roller for the face make quick work of the task.\n\n## Step 9: Caulking\n\nTo better weatherproof the trim and shed, I caulked the trim seams with a good\noutdoor paintable caulking.\n\n## Step 10: Paint Siding and Trim\n\nWith the trim primed and caulked, it was time to figure out what kind of paint\nto use. The siding was prefinished, but it could also be painted any color you\nchoose. An acrylic latex paint designed for wood composites is highly\nrecommended if painting the SmartSide panels. It worked great on the primed\ntrim too.\n\n## Step 11: Building Double Door\n\nThe finishing touch was the double shed door. Having built them for two\nprevious sheds, I decided the tried and true would be best. I’ll give a brief\nexplanation and save the detailed explanation for a separate article on how to\nbuild double shed doors.\n\nI used tongue-and-groove 9/16”x6”x8’ pine boards to make the two 20-1/4”x168”\ndoor panels for the 40-3/4” door opening. Each board was glued at the groove,\nand the panel reinforced with 3 horizontal and two diagonal battens on the\nback side of the door, making the outer face nice and clean. I made sure the\ndiagonal braces pointed down and into the hanging jamb.\n\nOnce the door panels were built, I sanded, primed and painted them the same\ncolor as the shed siding.\n\n## Step 12: Install Shed Doors\n\nThe hardware is common spring-loaded gate hinges. For added security, I use 2\ngalvanized bolts per hinge, one in the hinge plate and one in the tee arm. I\nalso add a hasp and lock to keep it closed so little hands can’t get at\nsomething that could harm them.\n\nI hope you enjoyed this article and it was informative and interesting. If you\nknow someone who is planning to build a lean-to shed, please share with them.\nYour feedback and comments are greatly appreciated. Remember to check back\nsoon for our article on how to build shed doors.\n\nEugene Sokol\n\nEugene has been a DIY enthusiast for most of his life and loves being creative\nwhile inspiring creativity in others. He is passionately interested in home\nimprovement, renovation and woodworking.\n\nHi! I am Eugene, and I'm a DIY enthusiast. Over the past few years, I have\nbuilt two garden sheds, round deck, finished basement. I like to make cool\nstuff and help my wife with her garden. About me\n\n© 2021 by PlasticineHouse.com About Us | Privacy Policy | Disclaimer | DMCA\nPolicy | Contact Us PlasticineHouse.com is a participant in the Amazon.com\nServices LLC Associates Program, an affiliate advertising program designed to\nprovide a means for sites to earn advertising fees by advertising and linking\nto Amazon.com.\n\n"
}
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1,319,961 | How To Write a Scientific Abstract | When you write an academic abstract, start with 1 to 3 introductory sentences that explain the study’s topic, purpose, and research questions. Then, follow up with 2 to 3 sentences on how you conducted your study, including its duration and sample size. Next, write 1 to 2 sentences on the results of the study. Finally, conclude with 1 to 2 sentences on the main point and impact of the research. | [
"http://web.archive.org/web/20211210174848/https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20170927132346/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/",
"http://web.archive.org/web/20200521041302/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/"
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"original_url": "https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20211210174848/https://abacus.bates.edu/~ganderso/biology/resources/writing/HTWsections.html",
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"title": "How to Write Guide: Sections of the Paper",
"passages": [
"The scientific format may seem confusing for the beginning science writer due to its rigid structure which is so different from writing in the humanities. One reason for using this format is that it is a means of efficiently communicating scientific findings to the broad community of scientists in a uniform manner. Another reason, perhaps more important than the first, is that this format allows the paper to be read at several different levels. For example, many people skim Titles to find out what information is available on a subject. Others may read only titles and Abstracts. Those wanting to go deeper may look at the Tables and Figures in the Results, and so on. The take home point here is that the scientific format helps to insure that at whatever level a person reads your paper (beyond title skimming), they will likely get the key results and conclusions.",
"Most journal-style scientific papers are subdivided into the following sections: Title, Authors and Affiliation, Abstract, Introduction, Methods, Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and Literature Cited, which parallel the experimental process. This is the system we will use. This website describes the style, content, and format associated with each section.",
"Main Section Headings: Each main section of the paper begins with a heading which should be capitalized, centered at the beginning of the section, and double spaced from the lines above and below. Do not underline the section heading OR put a colon at the end.",
"Subheadings: When your paper reports on more than one experiment, use subheadings to help organize the presentation. Subheadings should be capitalized (first letter in each word), left justified, and either bold italics OR underlined.",
"1. Function: Your paper should begin with a Title that succinctly describes the contents of the paper. Use descriptive words that you would associate strongly with the content of your paper: the molecule studied, the organism used or studied, the treatment, the location of a field site, the response measured, etc. A majority of readers will find your paper via electronic database searches and those search engines key on words found in the title.",
"The title should be centered at the top of page 1 (DO NOT use a title page - it is a waste of paper for our purposes); the title is NOT underlined or italicized.",
"the authors' names (PI or primary author first) and institutional affiliation are double-spaced from and centered below the title. When more then two authors, the names are separated by commas except for the last which is separated from the previous name by the word \"and\".",
"The title is not a section, but it is necessary and important. The title should be short and unambiguous, yet be an adequate description of the work. A general rule-of-thumb is that the title should contain the key words describing the work presented. Remember that the title becomes the basis for most on-line computer searches - if your title is insufficient, few people will find or read your paper. For example, in a paper reporting on an experiment involving dosing mice with the sex hormone estrogen and watching for a certain kind of courtship behavior, a poor title would be:",
"Why? It is very general, and could be referring to any of a number of mouse behaviors. A better title would be:",
"Why? Because the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent, and the experimental organism. If possible, give the key result of the study in the title, as seen in the first example. Similarly, the above title could be restated as:",
"1. Function: An abstract summarizes, in one paragraph (usually), the major aspects of the entire paper in the following prescribed sequence:",
"Name or briefly describe the basic methodology used without going into excessive detail-be sure to indicate the key techniques used.",
"How do you know when you have enough information in your Abstract? A simple rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing an study similar to the one you are reporting. If your Abstract was the only part of the paper you could access, would you be happy with the information presented there?",
"2. Style: The Abstract is ONLY text. Use the active voice when possible, but much of it may require passive constructions. Write your Abstract using concise, but complete, sentences, and get to the point quickly. Use past tense. Maximum length should be 200-300 words, usually in a single paragraph.",
"3. Strategy: Although it is the first section of your paper, the Abstract, by definition, must be written last since it will summarize the paper. To begin composing your Abstract, take whole sentences or key phrases from each section and put them in a sequence which summarizes the paper. Then set about revising or adding words to make it all cohesive and clear. As you become more proficient you will most likely compose the Abstract from scratch.",
"4. Check your work: Once you have the completed abstract, check to make sure that the information in the abstract completely agrees with what is written in the paper. Confirm that all the information appearing the abstract actually appears in the body of the paper.",
"Establish the context of the work being reported. This is accomplished by discussing the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating;",
"2. Style: Use the active voice as much as possible. Some use of first person is okay, but do not overdo it.",
"3. Structure: The structure of the Introduction can be thought of as an inverted triangle - the broadest part at the top representing the most general information and focusing down to the specific problem you studied. Organize the information to present the more general aspects of the topic early in the Introduction, then narrow toward the more specific topical information that provides context, finally arriving at your statement of purpose and rationale. A good way to get on track is to sketch out the Introduction backwards; start with the specific purpose and then decide what is the scientific context in which you are asking the question(s) your study addresses. Once the scientific context is decided, then you'll have a good sense of what level and type of general information with which the Introduction should begin.",
"Begin your Introduction by clearly identifying the subject area of interest. Do this by using key words from your Title in the first few sentences of the Introduction to get it focused directly on topic at the appropriate level. This insures that you get to the primary subject matter quickly without losing focus, or discussing information that is too general. For example, in the mouse behavior paper, the words hormones and behavior would likely appear within the first one or two sentences of the Introduction.",
"Establish the context by providing a brief and balanced review of the pertinent published literature that is available on the subject. The key is to summarize (for the reader) what we knew about the specific problem before you did your experiments or studies. This is accomplished with a general review of the primary research literature (with citations) but should not include very specific, lengthy explanations that you will probably discuss in greater detail later in the Discussion. The judgment of what is general or specific is difficult at first, but with practice and reading of the scientific literature you will develop e firmer sense of your audience. In the mouse behavior paper, for example, you would begin the Introduction at the level of mating behavior in general, then quickly focus to mouse mating behaviors and then hormonal regulation of behavior. Lead the reader to your statement of purpose/hypothesis by focusing your literature review from the more general context (the big picture e.g., hormonal modulation of behaviors) to the more specific topic of interest to you (e.g., role/effects of reproductive hormones, especially estrogen, in modulating specific sexual behaviors of mice.)",
"What literature should you look for in your review of what we know about the problem? Focus your efforts on the primary research journals - the journals that publish original research articles. Although you may read some general background references (encyclopedias, textbooks, lab manuals, style manuals, etc.) to get yourself acquainted with the subject area, do not cite these, becasue they contain information that is considered fundamental or \"common\" knowledge wqithin the discipline. Cite, instead, articles that reported specific results relevant to your study. Learn, as soon as possible, how to find the primary literature (research journals) and review articles rather than depending on reference books. The articles listed in the Literature Cited of relevant papers you find are a good starting point to move backwards in a line of inquiry. Most academic libraries support the Citation Index - an index which is useful for tracking a line of inquiry forward in time. Some of the newer search engines will actually send you alerts of new papers that cite particular articles of interest to you. Review articles are particularly useful because they summarize all the research done on a narrow subject area over a brief period of time (a year to a few years in most cases).",
"Be sure to clearly state the purpose and /or hypothesis that you investigated. When you are first learning to write in this format it is okay, and actually preferable, to use a pat statement like, \"The purpose of this study was to....\" or \"We investigated three possible mechanisms to explain the ... (1) blah, blah..(2) etc. It is most usual to place the statement of purpose near the end of the Introduction, often as the topic sentence of the final paragraph. It is not necessary (or even desirable) to use the words \"hypothesis\" or \"null hypothesis\", since these are usually implicit if you clearly state your purpose and expectations.",
"Provide a clear statement of the rationale for your approach to the problem studied. For example: State briefly how you approached the problem (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the last paragraph of the Introduction. Why did you choose this kind of experiment or experimental design? What are the scientific merits of this particular model system? What advantages does it confer in answering the particular question(s) you are posing? Do not discuss here the actual techniques or protocols used in your study (this will be done in the Materials and Methods); your readers will be quite familiar with the usual techniques and approaches used in your field. If you are using a novel (new, revolutionary, never used before) technique or methodology, the merits of the new technique/method versus the previously used methods should be presented in the Introduction.",
"1. Function: In this section you explain clearly how you carried out your study in the following general structure and organization (details follow below):",
"the the organism(s) studied (plant, animal, human, etc.) and, when relevant, their pre-experiment handling and care, and when and where the study was carried out (only if location and time are important factors); note that the term \"subject\" is used ONLY for human studies.",
"if you did a field study, provide a description of the study site, including the significant physical and biological features, and the precise location (latitude and longitude, map, etc);",
"the experimental OR sampling design (i.e., how the experiment or study was structured. For example, controls, treatments, what variable(s) were measured, how many samples were collected, replication, the final form of the data, etc.);",
"how the data were analyzed (qualitative analyses and/or statistical procedures used to determine significance, data transformations used, what probability was used to decide significance, etc).",
"2. Style: The style in this section should read as if you were verbally describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a certain extent, although this section requires more use of third person, passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this section. Remember to use the past tense throughout - the work being reported is done, and was performed in the past, not the future. The Methods section is not a step-by-step, directive, protocol as you might see in your lab manual.",
"Describe the organism(s) used in the study. This includes giving the (1) source (supplier or where and how the orgranisms were collected), (2) typical size (weight, length, etc), (3) how they were handled, fed, and housed before the experiment, (4) how they were handled, fed, and housed during the experiment. In genetics studies include the strains or genetic stocks used. For some studies, age may be an important factor. For example, did you use mouse pups or adults? Seedlings or mature plants?",
"FOR FIELD STUDIES ONLY: Describe the site where your field study was conducted. The description must include both physical and biological characteristics of the site pertinant to the study aims. Include the date(s) of the study (e.g., 10-15 April 1994) and the exact location of the study area. Location data must be as precise as possible: \"Grover Nature Preserve, 1⁄2 mi SW Grover, Maine\" rather than \"Grover Nature Preserve\" or \"Grover\". When possible, give the actual latitude and longitude position of the site: these can be obtained using handheld GPS units, OR, from web resources such as Google Earth(TM) and MapQuest(TM). It is often a good idea to include a map (labeled as a Figure) showing the study location in relation to some larger more recognizable geographic area. Someone else should be able to go to the exact location of your study site if they want to repeat or check your work, or just visit your study area.",
"NOTE: For laboratory studies you need not report the date and location of the study UNLESS it is necessary information for someone to have who might wish to repeat your work or use the same facility. Most often it is not. If you have performed experiments at a particular location or lab because it is the only place to do it, or one of a few, then you should note that in your methods and identify the lab or facility.",
"Describe your experimental design clearly. Be sure to include the hypotheses you tested, controls, treatments, variables measured, how many replicates you had, what you actually measured, what form the data take, etc. Always identify treatments by the variable or treatment name, NOT by an ambiguous, generic name or number (e.g., use \"2.5% NaCl\" rather than \"test 1\".) When your paper includes more than one experiment, use subheadings to help organize your presentation by experiment. A general experimental design worksheet is available to help plan your experiments in the core courses.",
"Describe the procedures for your study in sufficient detail that other scientists could repeat your work to verify your findings. Foremost in your description should be the \"quantitative\" aspects of your study - the masses, volumes, incubation times, concentrations, etc., that another scientist needs in order to duplicate your experiment. When using standard lab or field methods and instrumentation, it is not always necessary to explain the procedures (e.g., serial dilution) or equipment used (e.g., autopipetter) since other scientists will likely be familiar with them already.",
"You may want to identify certain types of equipment by vendor name and brand or category (e.g., ultracentrifuge vs. prep centrifuge), particularly if they are not commonly found in most labs. It is appropriate to report, parenthetically, the source (vendor) and catalog number for reagents used, e.g., \"....poly-L-lysine (Sigma #1309).\" When using a method described in another published source, you can save time and words by providing the relevant citation to the source. Always make sure to describe any modifications you have made of a standard or published method.",
"NOTE: Very frequently the experimental design and data collection procedures for an experiment cannot be separated and must be integrated together. If you find yourself repeating lots of information about the experimental design when describing the data collection procedure(s), likely you can combine them and be more concise.",
"NOTE: Although tempting, DO NOT say that you \"recorded the data,\" i.e., in your lab notebook, in the Methods description. Of course you did, because that is what all good scientists do, and it is a given that you recorded your measurements and observations.",
"Statistical software used: Sometimes it is necessary to report which statistical software you used; this would be at the discretion of your instructor or the journal;",
"how the data were summarized (Means, percent, etc) and how you are reporting measures of variability (SD,SEM, 95% CI, etc)",
"Avoid repeatedly using a single sentence to relate a single action; this results in very lengthy, wordy passages. A related sequence of actions can be combined into one sentence to improve clarity and readability:",
"1. Function: The function of the Results section is to objectively present your key results, without interpretation, in an orderly and logical sequence using both text and illustrative materials (Tables and Figures). The results section always begins with text, reporting the key results and referring to your figures and tables as you proceed. Summaries of the statistical analyses may appear either in the text (usually parenthetically) or in the relevant Tables or Figures (in the legend or as footnotes to the Table or Figure). The Results section should be organized around Tables and/or Figures that should be sequenced to present your key findings in a logical order. The text of the Results section should be crafted to follow this sequence and highlight the evidence needed to answer the questions/hypotheses you investigated. Important negative results should be reported, too. Authors usually write the text of the results section based upon the sequence of Tables and Figures.",
"2. Style: Write the text of the Results section concisely and objectively. The passive voice will likely dominate here, but use the active voice as much as possible. Use the past tense. Avoid repetitive paragraph structures. Do not interpret the data here. The transition into interpretive language can be a slippery slope. Consider the following two examples:",
"What are the \"results\"?: When you pose a testable hypothesis that can be answered experimentally, or ask a question that can be answered by collecting samples, you accumulate observations about those organisms or phenomena. Those observations are then analyzed to yield an answer to the question. In general, the answer is the \" key result\".",
"The above statements apply regardless of the complexity of the analysis you employ. So, in an introductory course your analysis may consist of visual inspection of figures and simple calculations of means and standard deviations; in a later course you may be expected to apply and interpret a variety of statistical tests. You instructor will tell you the level of analysis that is expected.",
"For example, suppose you asked the question, \"Is the average height of male students the same as female students in a pool of randomly selected Biology majors?\" You would first collect height data from large random samples of male and female students. You would then calculate the descriptive statistics for those samples (mean, SD, n, range, etc) and plot these numbers. In a course where statistical tests are not employed, you would visually inspect these plots. Suppose you found that male Biology majors are, on average, 12.5 cm taller than female majors; this is the answer to the question.",
"Notice that the outcome of a statistical analysis is not a key result, but rather an analytical tool that helps us understand what is our key result.",
"Organize the results section based on the sequence of Table and Figures you'll include. Prepare the Tables and Figures as soon as all the data are analyzed and arrange them in the sequence that best presents your findings in a logical way. A good strategy is to note, on a draft of each Table or Figure, the one or two key results you want to addess in the text portion of the Results. Simple rules to follow related to Tables and Figures:",
"Tables and Figures are assigned numbers separately and in the sequence that you will refer to them from the text.",
"The body of the Results section is a text-based presentation of the key findings which includes references to each of the Tables and Figures. The text should guide the reader through your results stressing the key results which provide the answers to the question(s) investigated. A major function of the text is to provide clarifying information. You must refer to each Table and/or Figure individually and in sequence (see numbering sequence), and clearly indicate for the reader the key results that each conveys. Key results depend on your questions, they might include obvious trends, important differences, similarities, correlations, maximums, minimums, etc.",
"Do not reiterate each value from a Figure or Table - only the key result or trends that each conveys.",
"Do not present the same data in both a Table and Figure - this is considered redundant and a waste of space and energy. Decide which format best shows the result and go with it.",
"Report negative results - they are important! If you did not get the anticipated results, it may mean your hypothesis was incorrect and needs to be reformulated, or perhaps you have stumbled onto something unexpected that warrants further study. Moreover, the absence of an effect may be very telling in many situations. In any case, your results may be of importance to others even though they did not support your hypothesis. Do not fall into the trap of thinking that results contrary to what you expected are necessarily \"bad data\". If you carried out the work well, they are simply your results and need interpretation. Many important discoveries can be traced to \"bad data\".",
"for an individual value you would write, \"the mean length was 10 m\", or, \"the maximum time was 140 min.\"",
"Likewise place the unit after the last in a series of numbers all having the same unit. For example: \"lengths of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m\", or \"no differences were observed after 2, 4, 6, or 8 min. of incubation\".",
"1. Function: The function of the Discussion is to interpret your results in light of what was already known about the subject of the investigation, and to explain our new understanding of the problem after taking your results into consideration. The Discussion will always connect to the Introduction by way of the question(s) or hypotheses you posed and the literature you cited, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the Introduction. Instead, it tells how your study has moved us forward from the place you left us at the end of the Introduction.",
"Do your findings agree with what others have shown? If not, do they suggest an alternative explanation or perhaps a unforseen design flaw in your experiment (or theirs?)",
"3. Approach: Organize the Discussion to address each of the experiments or studies for which you presented results; discuss each in the same sequence as presented in the Results, providing your interpretation of what they mean in the larger context of the problem. Do not waste entire sentences restating your results; if you need to remind the reader of the result to be discussed, use \"bridge sentences\" that relate the result to the interpretation:",
"You must relate your work to the findings of other studies - including previous studies you may have done and those of other investigators. As stated previously, you may find crucial information in someone else's study that helps you interpret your own data, or perhaps you will be able to reinterpret others' findings in light of yours. In either case you should discuss reasons for similarities and differences between yours and others' findings. Consider how the results of other studies may be combined with yours to derive a new or perhaps better substantiated understanding of the problem. Be sure to state the conclusions that can be drawn from your results in light of these considerations. You may also choose to briefly mention further studies you would do to clarify your working hypotheses. Make sure to reference any outside sources as shown in the Introduction section.",
"Do not introduce new results in the Discussion. Although you might occasionally include in this section tables and figures which help explain something you are discussing, they must not contain new data (from your study) that should have been presented earlier. They might be flow diagrams, accumulation of data from the literature, or something that shows how one type of data leads to or correlates with another, etc. For example, if you were studying a membrane-bound transport channel and you discovered a new bit of information about its mechanism, you might present a diagram showing how your findings helps to explain the channel's mechanism.",
"If, in your experiment, you received any significant help in thinking up, designing, or carrying out the work, or received materials from someone who did you a favor by supplying them, you must acknowledge their assistance and the service or material provided. Authors always acknowledge outside reviewers of their drafts (in PI courses, this would be done only if an instructor or other individual critiqued the draft prior to evaluation) and any sources of funding that supported the research. Although usual style requirements (e.g., 1st person, objectivity) are relaxed somewhat here, Acknowledgments are always brief and never flowery.",
"1. Function: The Literature Cited section gives an alphabetical listing (by first author's last name) of the references that you actually cited in the body of your paper. Instructions for writing full citations for various sources are given in on separate page. A complete format list for virtually all types of publication may be found in Huth and others(1994).",
"Function: An Appendix contains information that is non-essential to understanding of the paper, but may present information that further clarifies a point without burdening the body of the presentation. An appendix is an optional part of the paper, and is only rarely found in published papers.",
"Headings: Each Appendix should be identified by a Roman numeral in sequence, e.g., Appendix I, Appendix II, etc. Each appendix should contain different material.",
"explanation of formulas, either already known ones, or especially if you have \"invented\" some statistical or other mathematical procedures for data analysis.",
"full generic names of chemicals or compounds that you have referred to in somewhat abbreviated fashion or by some common name in the text of your paper.",
"Figures and Tables are often found in an appendix. These should be formatted as discussed previously (see Tables and Figures), but are numbered in a separate sequence from those found in the body of the paper. So, the first Figure in the appendix would be Figure 1, the first Table would be Table 1, and so forth. In situations when multiple appendices are used, the Table and Figure numbering must indicate the appendix number as well (see Huth and others, 1994)."
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to Write Guide: Sections of the Paper\n\n.....\n\n> ## The Structure, Format, Content, and Style of a Journal-Style Scientific\n> Paper\n>\n> | Table of Contents | FAQs | PDF Version |\n>\n> #####\n>\n> | Rationale | Sections | Section Headings | Title | Authors and Affiliation\n> | Abstract| Introduction| Methods| Results| Discussion | Acknowledgments|\n> Literature Cited | Appendices\n>\n> ### Why a Scientific Format?\n>\n> The scientific format may seem confusing for the beginning science writer\n> due to its rigid structure which is so different from writing in the\n> humanities. One reason for using this format is that it is a means of\n> efficiently communicating scientific findings to the broad community of\n> scientists in a uniform manner. Another reason, perhaps more important than\n> the first, is that this format allows the paper to be read at several\n> different levels. For example, many people skim Titles to find out what\n> information is available on a subject. Others may read only titles and\n> Abstracts. Those wanting to go deeper may look at the Tables and Figures in\n> the Results, and so on. The take home point here is that the scientific\n> format helps to insure that at whatever level a person reads your paper\n> (beyond title skimming), they will likely get the key results and\n> conclusions.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### The Sections of the Paper\n>\n> Most journal-style scientific papers are subdivided into the following\n> sections: Title, Authors and Affiliation, Abstract, Introduction, Methods,\n> Results, Discussion, Acknowledgments, and Literature Cited, which parallel\n> the experimental process. This is the system we will use. This website\n> describes the style, content, and format associated with each section.\n>\n> The sections appear in a journal style paper in the following prescribed\n> order:\n>\n> |\n>\n> Experimental process\n>\n> |\n>\n> Section of Paper \n> \n> ---|--- \n> \n> What did I do in a nutshell?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Abstract \n> \n> What is the problem?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Introduction \n> \n> How did I solve the problem?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Materials and Methods \n> \n> What did I find out?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Results \n> \n> What does it mean?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Discussion \n> \n> Who helped me out?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Acknowledgments (optional) \n> \n> Whose work did I refer to?\n>\n> |\n>\n> Literature Cited \n> \n> Extra Information\n>\n> |\n>\n> Appendices (optional) \n> \n> ### Section Headings:\n>\n> Main Section Headings: Each main section of the paper begins with a heading\n> which should be capitalized, centered at the beginning of the section, and\n> double spaced from the lines above and below. Do not underline the section\n> heading OR put a colon at the end.\n>\n> Example of a main section heading:\n>\n> INTRODUCTION\n>\n> Subheadings: When your paper reports on more than one experiment, use\n> subheadings to help organize the presentation. Subheadings should be\n> capitalized (first letter in each word), left justified, and either bold\n> italics OR underlined.\n>\n> Example of a subheading:\n>\n> Effects of Light Intensity on the Rate of Electron Transport\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### Title, Authors' Names, and Institutional Affiliations\n>\n> 1\\. Function: Your paper should begin with a Title that succinctly describes\n> the contents of the paper. Use descriptive words that you would associate\n> strongly with the content of your paper: the molecule studied, the organism\n> used or studied, the treatment, the location of a field site, the response\n> measured, etc. A majority of readers will find your paper via electronic\n> database searches and those search engines key on words found in the title.\n>\n> 2\\. Title FAQs\n>\n> 3\\. Format:\n>\n> * The title should be centered at the top of page 1 (DO NOT use a title\n> page - it is a waste of paper for our purposes); the title is NOT underlined\n> or italicized.\n> * the authors' names (PI or primary author first) and institutional\n> affiliation are double-spaced from and centered below the title. When more\n> then two authors, the names are separated by commas except for the last\n> which is separated from the previous name by the word \"and\".\n>\n\n>\n> For example:\n>\n> Ducks Over-Winter in Colorado Barley Fields in Response to Increased Daily\n> Mean Temperature\n>\n> Ima Mallard, Ura Drake, and Woodruff Ducque Department of Wildlife Biology,\n> University of Colorado - Boulder\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> The title is not a section, but it is necessary and important. The title\n> should be short and unambiguous, yet be an adequate description of the work.\n> A general rule-of-thumb is that the title should contain the key words\n> describing the work presented. Remember that the title becomes the basis for\n> most on-line computer searches - if your title is insufficient, few people\n> will find or read your paper. For example, in a paper reporting on an\n> experiment involving dosing mice with the sex hormone estrogen and watching\n> for a certain kind of courtship behavior, a poor title would be:\n>\n> Mouse Behavior\n>\n> Why? It is very general, and could be referring to any of a number of mouse\n> behaviors. A better title would be:\n>\n> The Effects of Estrogen on the Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in Mice\n>\n> Why? Because the key words identify a specific behavior, a modifying agent,\n> and the experimental organism. If possible, give the key result of the study\n> in the title, as seen in the first example. Similarly, the above title could\n> be restated as:\n>\n> Estrogen Stimulates Intensity of Nose-Twitch Courtship Behavior in Mice\n>\n> 4\\. Strategy for Writing Title.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### ABSTRACT\n>\n> 1\\. Function: An abstract summarizes, in one paragraph (usually), the major\n> aspects of the entire paper in the following prescribed sequence:\n>\n> * the question(s) you investigated (or purpose), (from Introduction)\n>\n> * state the purpose very clearly in the first or second sentence.\n> * the experimental design and methods used, (from Methods)\n>\n> * clearly express the basic design of the study.\n> * Name or briefly describe the basic methodology used without going into\n> excessive detail-be sure to indicate the key techniques used.\n> * the major findings including key quantitative results, or trends (from\n> Results)\n>\n> * report those results which answer the questions you were asking\n> * identify trends, relative change or differences, etc.\n> * a brief summary of your interpetations and conclusions. (from\n> Discussion)\n>\n> * clearly state the implications of the answers your results gave you.\n>\n\n>\n> Whereas the Title can only make the simplest statement about the content of\n> your article, the Abstract allows you to elaborate more on each major aspect\n> of the paper. The length of your Abstract should be kept to about 200-300\n> words maximum (a typical standard length for journals.) Limit your\n> statements concerning each segment of the paper (i.e. purpose, methods,\n> results, etc.) to two or three sentences, if possible. The Abstract helps\n> readers decide whether they want to read the rest of the paper, or it may be\n> the only part they can obtain via electronic literature searches or in\n> published abstracts. Therefore, enough key information (e.g., summary\n> results, observations, trends, etc.) must be included to make the Abstract\n> useful to someone who may to reference your work.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> How do you know when you have enough information in your Abstract? A simple\n> rule-of-thumb is to imagine that you are another researcher doing an study\n> similar to the one you are reporting. If your Abstract was the only part of\n> the paper you could access, would you be happy with the information\n> presented there?\n>\n> 2\\. Style: The Abstract is ONLY text. Use the active voice when possible,\n> but much of it may require passive constructions. Write your Abstract using\n> concise, but complete, sentences, and get to the point quickly. Use past\n> tense. Maximum length should be 200-300 words, usually in a single\n> paragraph.\n>\n> The Abstract SHOULD NOT contain:\n>\n> * lengthy background information,\n> * references to other literature,\n> * elliptical (i.e., ending with ...) or incomplete sentences,\n> * abbreviations or terms that may be confusing to readers,\n> * any sort of illustration, figure, or table, or references to them.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> 3\\. Strategy: Although it is the first section of your paper, the Abstract,\n> by definition, must be written last since it will summarize the paper. To\n> begin composing your Abstract, take whole sentences or key phrases from each\n> section and put them in a sequence which summarizes the paper. Then set\n> about revising or adding words to make it all cohesive and clear. As you\n> become more proficient you will most likely compose the Abstract from\n> scratch.\n>\n> 4\\. Check your work: Once you have the completed abstract, check to make\n> sure that the information in the abstract completely agrees with what is\n> written in the paper. Confirm that all the information appearing the\n> abstract actually appears in the body of the paper.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> ### INTRODUCTION\n>\n> ##### [ strategy | FAQs | style | structure | relevant literature review |\n> statement of purpose | rationale ]\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The function of the Introduction is to:\n>\n> * Establish the context of the work being reported. This is accomplished\n> by discussing the relevant primary research literature (with citations) and\n> summarizing our current understanding of the problem you are investigating;\n> * State the purpose of the work in the form of the hypothesis, question,\n> or problem you investigated; and,\n> * Briefly explain your rationale and approach and, whenever possible, the\n> possible outcomes your study can reveal.\n>\n\n>\n> Quite literally, the Introduction must answer the questions, \"What was I\n> studying? Why was it an important question? What did we know about it before\n> I did this study? How will this study advance our knowledge?\"\n>\n> 2\\. Style: Use the active voice as much as possible. Some use of first\n> person is okay, but do not overdo it.\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> 3\\. Structure: The structure of the Introduction can be thought of as an\n> inverted triangle - the broadest part at the top representing the most\n> general information and focusing down to the specific problem you studied.\n> Organize the information to present the more general aspects of the topic\n> early in the Introduction, then narrow toward the more specific topical\n> information that provides context, finally arriving at your statement of\n> purpose and rationale. A good way to get on track is to sketch out the\n> Introduction backwards; start with the specific purpose and then decide what\n> is the scientific context in which you are asking the question(s) your study\n> addresses. Once the scientific context is decided, then you'll have a good\n> sense of what level and type of general information with which the\n> Introduction should begin.\n>\n> Here is the information should flow in your Introduction:\n>\n> * Begin your Introduction by clearly identifying the subject area of\n> interest. Do this by using key words from your Title in the first few\n> sentences of the Introduction to get it focused directly on topic at the\n> appropriate level. This insures that you get to the primary subject matter\n> quickly without losing focus, or discussing information that is too general.\n> For example, in the mouse behavior paper, the words hormones and behavior\n> would likely appear within the first one or two sentences of the\n> Introduction.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * Establish the context by providing a brief and balanced review of the\n> pertinent published literature that is available on the subject. The key is\n> to summarize (for the reader) what we knew about the specific problem before\n> you did your experiments or studies. This is accomplished with a general\n> review of the primary research literature (with citations) but should not\n> include very specific, lengthy explanations that you will probably discuss\n> in greater detail later in the Discussion. The judgment of what is general\n> or specific is difficult at first, but with practice and reading of the\n> scientific literature you will develop e firmer sense of your audience. In\n> the mouse behavior paper, for example, you would begin the Introduction at\n> the level of mating behavior in general, then quickly focus to mouse mating\n> behaviors and then hormonal regulation of behavior. Lead the reader to your\n> statement of purpose/hypothesis by focusing your literature review from the\n> more general context (the big picture e.g., hormonal modulation of\n> behaviors) to the more specific topic of interest to you (e.g., role/effects\n> of reproductive hormones, especially estrogen, in modulating specific sexual\n> behaviors of mice.)\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * What literature should you look for in your review of what we know about\n> the problem? Focus your efforts on the primary research journals - the\n> journals that publish original research articles. Although you may read some\n> general background references (encyclopedias, textbooks, lab manuals, style\n> manuals, etc.) to get yourself acquainted with the subject area, do not cite\n> these, becasue they contain information that is considered fundamental or\n> \"common\" knowledge wqithin the discipline. Cite, instead, articles that\n> reported specific results relevant to your study. Learn, as soon as\n> possible, how to find the primary literature (research journals) and review\n> articles rather than depending on reference books. The articles listed in\n> the Literature Cited of relevant papers you find are a good starting point\n> to move backwards in a line of inquiry. Most academic libraries support the\n> Citation Index - an index which is useful for tracking a line of inquiry\n> forward in time. Some of the newer search engines will actually send you\n> alerts of new papers that cite particular articles of interest to you.\n> Review articles are particularly useful because they summarize all the\n> research done on a narrow subject area over a brief period of time (a year\n> to a few years in most cases).\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * Be sure to clearly state the purpose and /or hypothesis that you\n> investigated. When you are first learning to write in this format it is\n> okay, and actually preferable, to use a pat statement like, \"The purpose of\n> this study was to....\" or \"We investigated three possible mechanisms to\n> explain the ... (1) blah, blah..(2) etc. It is most usual to place the\n> statement of purpose near the end of the Introduction, often as the topic\n> sentence of the final paragraph. It is not necessary (or even desirable) to\n> use the words \"hypothesis\" or \"null hypothesis\", since these are usually\n> implicit if you clearly state your purpose and expectations.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of page\n>\n> * Provide a clear statement of the rationale for your approach to the\n> problem studied. For example: State briefly how you approached the problem\n> (e.g., you studied oxidative respiration pathways in isolated mitochondria\n> of cauliflower). This will usually follow your statement of purpose in the\n> last paragraph of the Introduction. Why did you choose this kind of\n> experiment or experimental design? What are the scientific merits of this\n> particular model system? What advantages does it confer in answering the\n> particular question(s) you are posing? Do not discuss here the actual\n> techniques or protocols used in your study (this will be done in the\n> Materials and Methods); your readers will be quite familiar with the usual\n> techniques and approaches used in your field. If you are using a novel (new,\n> revolutionary, never used before) technique or methodology, the merits of\n> the new technique/method versus the previously used methods should be\n> presented in the Introduction.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### MATERIALS AND METHODS\n>\n> This section is variously called Methods or Methods and Materials.\n>\n> 1\\. Function: In this section you explain clearly how you carried out your\n> study in the following general structure and organization (details follow\n> below):\n>\n> * the the organism(s) studied (plant, animal, human, etc.) and, when\n> relevant, their pre-experiment handling and care, and when and where the\n> study was carried out (only if location and time are important factors);\n> note that the term \"subject\" is used ONLY for human studies.\n> * if you did a field study, provide a description of the study site,\n> including the significant physical and biological features, and the precise\n> location (latitude and longitude, map, etc);\n> * the experimental OR sampling design (i.e., how the experiment or study\n> was structured. For example, controls, treatments, what variable(s) were\n> measured, how many samples were collected, replication, the final form of\n> the data, etc.);\n> * the protocol for collecting data, i.e., how the experimental procedures\n> were carried out, and,\n> * how the data were analyzed (qualitative analyses and/or statistical\n> procedures used to determine significance, data transformations used, what\n> probability was used to decide significance, etc).\n>\n\n>\n> Organize your presentation so your reader will understand the logical flow\n> of the experiment(s); subheadings work well for this purpose. Each\n> experiment or procedure should be presented as a unit, even if it was broken\n> up over time. The experimental design and procedure are sometimes most\n> efficiently presented as an integrated unit, because otherwise it would be\n> difficult to split them up. In general, provide enough quantitative detail\n> (how much, how long, when, etc.) about your experimental protocol such that\n> other scientists could reproduce your experiments. You should also indicate\n> the statistical procedures used to analyze your results, including the\n> probability level at which you determined significance (usually at 0.05\n> probability).\n>\n> 2\\. Style: The style in this section should read as if you were verbally\n> describing the conduct of the experiment. You may use the active voice to a\n> certain extent, although this section requires more use of third person,\n> passive constructions than others. Avoid use of the first person in this\n> section. Remember to use the past tense throughout - the work being reported\n> is done, and was performed in the past, not the future. The Methods section\n> is not a step-by-step, directive, protocol as you might see in your lab\n> manual.\n>\n> 3\\. Strategy for writing the Methods section.\n>\n> 4\\. Methods FAQs.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Describe the organism(s) used in the study. This includes giving the (1)\n> source (supplier or where and how the orgranisms were collected), (2)\n> typical size (weight, length, etc), (3) how they were handled, fed, and\n> housed before the experiment, (4) how they were handled, fed, and housed\n> during the experiment. In genetics studies include the strains or genetic\n> stocks used. For some studies, age may be an important factor. For example,\n> did you use mouse pups or adults? Seedlings or mature plants?\n>\n> FOR FIELD STUDIES ONLY: Describe the site where your field study was\n> conducted. The description must include both physical and biological\n> characteristics of the site pertinant to the study aims. Include the date(s)\n> of the study (e.g., 10-15 April 1994) and the exact location of the study\n> area. Location data must be as precise as possible: \"Grover Nature Preserve,\n> 1⁄2 mi SW Grover, Maine\" rather than \"Grover Nature Preserve\" or \"Grover\".\n> When possible, give the actual latitude and longitude position of the site:\n> these can be obtained using handheld GPS units, OR, from web resources such\n> as Google Earth(TM) and MapQuest(TM). It is often a good idea to include a\n> map (labeled as a Figure) showing the study location in relation to some\n> larger more recognizable geographic area. Someone else should be able to go\n> to the exact location of your study site if they want to repeat or check\n> your work, or just visit your study area.\n>\n> * NOTE: For laboratory studies you need not report the date and location\n> of the study UNLESS it is necessary information for someone to have who\n> might wish to repeat your work or use the same facility. Most often it is\n> not. If you have performed experiments at a particular location or lab\n> because it is the only place to do it, or one of a few, then you should note\n> that in your methods and identify the lab or facility.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Describe your experimental design clearly. Be sure to include the hypotheses\n> you tested, controls, treatments, variables measured, how many replicates\n> you had, what you actually measured, what form the data take, etc. Always\n> identify treatments by the variable or treatment name, NOT by an ambiguous,\n> generic name or number (e.g., use \"2.5% NaCl\" rather than \"test 1\".) When\n> your paper includes more than one experiment, use subheadings to help\n> organize your presentation by experiment. A general experimental design\n> worksheet is available to help plan your experiments in the core courses.\n>\n> Describe the procedures for your study in sufficient detail that other\n> scientists could repeat your work to verify your findings. Foremost in your\n> description should be the \"quantitative\" aspects of your study - the masses,\n> volumes, incubation times, concentrations, etc., that another scientist\n> needs in order to duplicate your experiment. When using standard lab or\n> field methods and instrumentation, it is not always necessary to explain the\n> procedures (e.g., serial dilution) or equipment used (e.g., autopipetter)\n> since other scientists will likely be familiar with them already.\n>\n> You may want to identify certain types of equipment by vendor name and brand\n> or category (e.g., ultracentrifuge vs. prep centrifuge), particularly if\n> they are not commonly found in most labs. It is appropriate to report,\n> parenthetically, the source (vendor) and catalog number for reagents used,\n> e.g., \"....poly-L-lysine (Sigma #1309).\" When using a method described in\n> another published source, you can save time and words by providing the\n> relevant citation to the source. Always make sure to describe any\n> modifications you have made of a standard or published method.\n>\n> * NOTE: Very frequently the experimental design and data collection\n> procedures for an experiment cannot be separated and must be integrated\n> together. If you find yourself repeating lots of information about the\n> experimental design when describing the data collection procedure(s), likely\n> you can combine them and be more concise.\n> * NOTE: Although tempting, DO NOT say that you \"recorded the data,\" i.e.,\n> in your lab notebook, in the Methods description. Of course you did, because\n> that is what all good scientists do, and it is a given that you recorded\n> your measurements and observations.\n>\n\n>\n> Describe how the data were summarized and analyzed. Here you will indicate\n> what types of descriptive statistics were used and which analyses (usually\n> hypothesis tests) were employed to answer each of the questions or\n> hypotheses tested and determine statistical siginifcance.\n>\n> The information should include:\n>\n> * Statistical software used: Sometimes it is necessary to report which\n> statistical software you used; this would be at the discretion of your\n> instructor or the journal;\n> * how the data were summarized (Means, percent, etc) and how you are\n> reporting measures of variability (SD,SEM, 95% CI, etc)\n>\n> * this lets you avoid having to repeatedly indicate you are using mean ±\n> SD or SEM.\n> * which data transformations were used(e.g., to correct for normal\n> distribution or equalize variances);\n> * statistical tests used with reference to the particular questions, or\n> kinds of questions, they address. For example,\n>\n\n>\n\n>> \"A Paired t-test was used to compare mean flight duration before and after\napplying stablizers to the glider's wings.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> \"One way ANOVA was used to compare mean weight gain in weight-matched\ncalves fed the three different rations.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> \"Comparisons among the three pH treatment groups for each variable were\ndone using one way ANOVA (with Tukey's post hoc test) or a Kruskal-Wallis Test\n(with Dunn's post hoc test).\"\n\n>\n> * any other numerical (e.g., normalizing data) or graphical techniques\n> used to analyze the data\n> * what probability (a priori) was used to decide significance; usually\n> reported as the Greek symbol alpha.\n> * NOTE: You DO NOT need to say that you made graphs and tables.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Here is some additional advice on particular problems common to new\n> scientific writers.\n>\n> Problem: The Methods section is prone to being wordy or overly detailed.\n>\n> * Avoid repeatedly using a single sentence to relate a single action; this\n> results in very lengthy, wordy passages. A related sequence of actions can\n> be combined into one sentence to improve clarity and readability:\n>\n\n>\n\n>> Problematic Example: This is a very long and wordy description of a common,\nsimple procedure. It is characterized by single actions per sentence and lots\nof unnecessary details.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"The petri dish was placed on the turntable. The lid was then raised\nslightly. An inoculating loop was used to transfer culture to the agar\nsurface. The turntable was rotated 90 degrees by hand. The loop was moved\nlightly back and forth over the agar to spread the culture. The bacteria were\nthen incubated at 37 C for 24 hr.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Improved Example: Same actions, but all the important information is given\nin a single, concise sentence. Note that superfluous detail and otherwise\nobvious information has been deleted while important missing information was\nadded.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"Each plate was placed on a turntable and streaked at opposing angles with\nfresh overnight E. coli culture using an inoculating loop. The bacteria were\nthen incubated at 37 C for 24 hr.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Best: Here the author assumes the reader has basic knowledge of\nmicrobiological techniques and has deleted other superfluous information. The\ntwo sentences have been combined because they are related actions.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"Each plate was streaked with fresh overnight E. coli culture and incubated\nat 37 C for 24 hr.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Top of Page\n\n>\n> * Problem: Avoid using ambiguous terms to identify controls or treatments,\n> or other study parameters that require specific identifiers to be clearly\n> understood. Designators such as Tube 1, Tube 2, or Site 1 and Site 2 are\n> completely meaningless out of context and difficult to follow in context.\n>\n\n>\n\n>> Problematic example: In this example the reader will have no clue as to\nwhat the various tubes represent without having to constantly refer back to\nsome previous point in the Methods.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"A Spec 20 was used to measure A600 of Tubes 1,2, and 3 immediately after\nchloroplasts were added (Time 0) and every 2 min. thereafter until the DCIP\nwas completely reduced. Tube 4's A600 was measured only at Time 0 and at the\nend of the experiment.\"\n\n>>\n\n>> Improved example: Notice how the substitution (in red) of treatment and\ncontrol identifiers clarifies the passage both in the context of the paper,\nand if taken out of context.\n\n>>\n\n>> \"A Spec 20 was used to measure A600 of the reaction mixtures exposed to\nlight intensities of 1500, 750, and 350 uE/m2/sec immediately after\nchloroplasts were added (Time 0) and every 2 min. thereafter until the DCIP\nwas completely reduced. The A600 of the no-light control was measured only at\nTime 0 and at the end of the experiment.\"\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> RESULTS\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The function of the Results section is to objectively present\n> your key results, without interpretation, in an orderly and logical sequence\n> using both text and illustrative materials (Tables and Figures). The results\n> section always begins with text, reporting the key results and referring to\n> your figures and tables as you proceed. Summaries of the statistical\n> analyses may appear either in the text (usually parenthetically) or in the\n> relevant Tables or Figures (in the legend or as footnotes to the Table or\n> Figure). The Results section should be organized around Tables and/or\n> Figures that should be sequenced to present your key findings in a logical\n> order. The text of the Results section should be crafted to follow this\n> sequence and highlight the evidence needed to answer the\n> questions/hypotheses you investigated. Important negative results should be\n> reported, too. Authors usually write the text of the results section based\n> upon the sequence of Tables and Figures.\n>\n> 2\\. Style: Write the text of the Results section concisely and objectively.\n> The passive voice will likely dominate here, but use the active voice as\n> much as possible. Use the past tense. Avoid repetitive paragraph structures.\n> Do not interpret the data here. The transition into interpretive language\n> can be a slippery slope. Consider the following two examples:\n>\n> * This example highlights the trend/difference that the author wants the\n> reader to focus:\n>\n\n>\n\n>> The duration of exposure to running water had a pronounced effect on\ncumulative seed germination percentages (Fig. 2). Seeds exposed to the 2-day\ntreatment had the highest cumulative germination (84%), 1.25 times that of the\n12-h or 5-day groups and 4 times that of controls.\n\n>\n> * In contrast, this example strays subtly into interpretation by referring\n> to optimality (a conceptual model) and tieing the observed result to that\n> idea:\n>\n\n>\n\n>> The results of the germination experiment (Fig. 2) suggest that the optimal\ntime for running-water treatment is 2 days. This group showed the highest\ncumulative germination (84%), with longer (5 d) or shorter (12 h) exposures\nproducing smaller gains in germination when compared to the control group.\n\n>\n> 3\\. Strategy for Writing the Results Section\n>\n> 4\\. Frequently asked questions (FAQs).\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### Things to consider as you write your Results section:\n>\n> What are the \"results\"?: When you pose a testable hypothesis that can be\n> answered experimentally, or ask a question that can be answered by\n> collecting samples, you accumulate observations about those organisms or\n> phenomena. Those observations are then analyzed to yield an answer to the\n> question. In general, the answer is the \" key result\".\n>\n> The above statements apply regardless of the complexity of the analysis you\n> employ. So, in an introductory course your analysis may consist of visual\n> inspection of figures and simple calculations of means and standard\n> deviations; in a later course you may be expected to apply and interpret a\n> variety of statistical tests. You instructor will tell you the level of\n> analysis that is expected.\n>\n> For example, suppose you asked the question, \"Is the average height of male\n> students the same as female students in a pool of randomly selected Biology\n> majors?\" You would first collect height data from large random samples of\n> male and female students. You would then calculate the descriptive\n> statistics for those samples (mean, SD, n, range, etc) and plot these\n> numbers. In a course where statistical tests are not employed, you would\n> visually inspect these plots. Suppose you found that male Biology majors\n> are, on average, 12.5 cm taller than female majors; this is the answer to\n> the question.\n>\n> * Notice that the outcome of a statistical analysis is not a key result,\n> but rather an analytical tool that helps us understand what is our key\n> result.\n>\n\n>\n> Differences, directionality, and magnitude: Report your results so as to\n> provide as much information as possible to the reader about the nature of\n> differences or relationships. For eaxmple, if you testing for differences\n> among groups, and you find a significant difference, it is not sufficient to\n> simply report that \"groups A and B were significantly different\". How are\n> they different? How much are they different? It is much more informative to\n> say something like, \"Group A individuals were 23% larger than those in Group\n> B\", or, \"Group B pups gained weight at twice the rate of Group A pups.\"\n> Report the direction of differences (greater, larger, smaller, etc) and the\n> magnitude of differences (% difference, how many times, etc.) whenever\n> possible. See also below about use of the word \"significant.\"\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Organize the results section based on the sequence of Table and Figures\n> you'll include. Prepare the Tables and Figures as soon as all the data are\n> analyzed and arrange them in the sequence that best presents your findings\n> in a logical way. A good strategy is to note, on a draft of each Table or\n> Figure, the one or two key results you want to addess in the text portion of\n> the Results. Simple rules to follow related to Tables and Figures:\n>\n> * Tables and Figures are assigned numbers separately and in the sequence\n> that you will refer to them from the text.\n>\n> * The first Table you refer to is Table 1, the next Table 2 and so\n> forth.\n> * Similarly, the first Figure is Figure 1, the next Figure 2, etc.\n>\n\n> * Each Table or Figure must include a brief description of the results\n> being presented and other necessary information in a legend.\n>\n> * Table legends go above the Table; tables are read from top to bottom.\n> * Figure legends go below the figure; figures are usually viewed from\n> bottom to top.\n>\n\n> * When referring to a Figure from the text, \"Figure\" is abbreviated as\n> Fig.,e.g., Fig. 1. Table is never abbreviated, e.g., Table 1.\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> The body of the Results section is a text-based presentation of the key\n> findings which includes references to each of the Tables and Figures. The\n> text should guide the reader through your results stressing the key results\n> which provide the answers to the question(s) investigated. A major function\n> of the text is to provide clarifying information. You must refer to each\n> Table and/or Figure individually and in sequence (see numbering sequence),\n> and clearly indicate for the reader the key results that each conveys. Key\n> results depend on your questions, they might include obvious trends,\n> important differences, similarities, correlations, maximums, minimums, etc.\n>\n> Some problems to avoid:\n>\n> * Do not reiterate each value from a Figure or Table - only the key result\n> or trends that each conveys.\n> * Do not present the same data in both a Table and Figure - this is\n> considered redundant and a waste of space and energy. Decide which format\n> best shows the result and go with it.\n> * Do not report raw data values when they can be summarized as means,\n> percents, etc.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n>\n\n>\n> Statistical test summaries (test name, p-value) are usually reported\n> parenthetically in conjunction with the biological results they support.\n> Always report your results with parenthetical reference to the statistical\n> conclusion that supports your finding (if statistical tests are being used\n> in your course). This parenthetical reference should include the statistical\n> test used and the level of significance (test statistic and DF are\n> optional). For example, if you found that the mean height of male Biology\n> majors was significantly larger than that of female Biology majors, you\n> might report this result (in blue) and your statistical conclusion (shown in\n> red) as follows:\n>\n\n>> \"Males (180.5 ± 5.1 cm; n=34) averaged 12.5 cm taller than females (168 ±\n7.6 cm; n=34) in the AY 1995 pool of Biology majors (two-sample t-test, t =\n5.78, 33 d.f., p < 0.001).\"\n\n>\n> If the summary statistics are shown in a figure, the sentence above need not\n> report them specifically, but must include a reference to the figure where\n> they may be seen:\n>\n\n>> \"Males averaged 12.5 cm taller than females in the AY 1995 pool of Biology\nmajors (two-sample t-test, t = 5.78, 33 d.f., p < 0.001; Fig. 1).\"\n\n>\n> Note that the report of the key result (shown in blue) would be identical in\n> a paper written for a course in which statistical testing is not employed -\n> the section shown in red would simply not appear except reference to the\n> figure.\n>\n\n>> * Avoid devoting whole sentences to report a statistical outcome alone.\n\n>> * Use and over-use of the word \"significant\": Your results will read much\nmore cleanly if you avoid overuse of the word siginifcant in any of its forms.\n\n>>\n\n>> * In scientific studies, the use of this word implies that a\nstatistical test was employed to make a decision about the data; in this case\nthe test indicated a larger difference in mean heights than you would expect\nto get by chance alone. Limit the use of the word \"significant\" to this\npurpose only.\n\n>> * If your parenthetical statistical information includes a p-value that\nindicates significance (usually when p< 0.05), it is unncecssary (and\nredundant) to use the word \"significant\" in the body of the sentence (see\nexample above) because we all interpret the p-value the same way.\n\n>> * Likewise, when you report that one group mean is somehow different\nfrom another (larger, smaller, increased, decreased, etc), it will be\nunderstood by your reader that you have tested this and found the difference\nto be statisticallysignificant, especially if you also report a p-value <\n0.05.\n\n>>\n\n>\n> Present the results of your experiment(s) in a sequence that will logically\n> support (or provide evidence against) the hypothesis, or answer the\n> question, stated in the Introduction. For example, in reporting a study of\n> the effect of an experimental diet on the skeletal mass of the rat, consider\n> first giving the data on skeletal mass for the rats fed the control diet and\n> then give the data for the rats fed the experimental diet.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> Report negative results - they are important! If you did not get the\n> anticipated results, it may mean your hypothesis was incorrect and needs to\n> be reformulated, or perhaps you have stumbled onto something unexpected that\n> warrants further study. Moreover, the absence of an effect may be very\n> telling in many situations. In any case, your results may be of importance\n> to others even though they did not support your hypothesis. Do not fall into\n> the trap of thinking that results contrary to what you expected are\n> necessarily \"bad data\". If you carried out the work well, they are simply\n> your results and need interpretation. Many important discoveries can be\n> traced to \"bad data\".\n>\n> Always enter the appropriate units when reporting data or summary\n> statistics.\n>\n> * for an individual value you would write, \"the mean length was 10 m\", or,\n> \"the maximum time was 140 min.\"\n> * When including a measure of variability, place the unit after the error\n> value, e.g., \"...was 10 ± 2.3 m\".\n> * Likewise place the unit after the last in a series of numbers all having\n> the same unit. For example: \"lengths of 5, 10, 15, and 20 m\", or \"no\n> differences were observed after 2, 4, 6, or 8 min. of incubation\".\n>\n\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### DISCUSSION\n>\n> | strategy | FAQs | style | approach | use of literature | results in\n> discussion |\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The function of the Discussion is to interpret your results in\n> light of what was already known about the subject of the investigation, and\n> to explain our new understanding of the problem after taking your results\n> into consideration. The Discussion will always connect to the Introduction\n> by way of the question(s) or hypotheses you posed and the literature you\n> cited, but it does not simply repeat or rearrange the Introduction. Instead,\n> it tells how your study has moved us forward from the place you left us at\n> the end of the Introduction.\n>\n> Fundamental questions to answer here include:\n>\n> * Do your results provide answers to your testable hypotheses? If so, how\n> do you interpret your findings?\n> * Do your findings agree with what others have shown? If not, do they\n> suggest an alternative explanation or perhaps a unforseen design flaw in\n> your experiment (or theirs?)\n> * Given your conclusions, what is our new understanding of the problem you\n> investigated and outlined in the Introduction?\n> * If warranted, what would be the next step in your study, e.g., what\n> experiments would you do next?\n>\n\n>\n> 2\\. Style: Use the active voice whenever possible in this section. Watch out\n> for wordy phrases; be concise and make your points clearly. Use of the first\n> person is okay, but too much use of the first person may actually distract\n> the reader from the main points.\n>\n> 3\\. Approach: Organize the Discussion to address each of the experiments or\n> studies for which you presented results; discuss each in the same sequence\n> as presented in the Results, providing your interpretation of what they mean\n> in the larger context of the problem. Do not waste entire sentences\n> restating your results; if you need to remind the reader of the result to be\n> discussed, use \"bridge sentences\" that relate the result to the\n> interpretation:\n>\n\n>> \"The slow response of the lead-exposed neurons relative to controls\nsuggests that...[interpretation]\".\n\n>\n> You will necessarily make reference to the findings of others in order to\n> support your interpretations.Use subheadings, if need be, to help organize\n> your presentation. Be wary of mistaking the reiteration of a result for an\n> interpretation, and make sure that no new results are presented here that\n> rightly belong in the results.\n>\n> You must relate your work to the findings of other studies - including\n> previous studies you may have done and those of other investigators. As\n> stated previously, you may find crucial information in someone else's study\n> that helps you interpret your own data, or perhaps you will be able to\n> reinterpret others' findings in light of yours. In either case you should\n> discuss reasons for similarities and differences between yours and others'\n> findings. Consider how the results of other studies may be combined with\n> yours to derive a new or perhaps better substantiated understanding of the\n> problem. Be sure to state the conclusions that can be drawn from your\n> results in light of these considerations. You may also choose to briefly\n> mention further studies you would do to clarify your working hypotheses.\n> Make sure to reference any outside sources as shown in the Introduction\n> section.\n>\n> Do not introduce new results in the Discussion. Although you might\n> occasionally include in this section tables and figures which help explain\n> something you are discussing, they must not contain new data (from your\n> study) that should have been presented earlier. They might be flow diagrams,\n> accumulation of data from the literature, or something that shows how one\n> type of data leads to or correlates with another, etc. For example, if you\n> were studying a membrane-bound transport channel and you discovered a new\n> bit of information about its mechanism, you might present a diagram showing\n> how your findings helps to explain the channel's mechanism.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### ACKNOWLEDGMENTS (include as needed) | FAQs |\n>\n> If, in your experiment, you received any significant help in thinking up,\n> designing, or carrying out the work, or received materials from someone who\n> did you a favor by supplying them, you must acknowledge their assistance and\n> the service or material provided. Authors always acknowledge outside\n> reviewers of their drafts (in PI courses, this would be done only if an\n> instructor or other individual critiqued the draft prior to evaluation) and\n> any sources of funding that supported the research. Although usual style\n> requirements (e.g., 1st person, objectivity) are relaxed somewhat here,\n> Acknowledgments are always brief and never flowery.\n>\n> * Place the Acknowledgments between the Discussion and the Literature\n> Cited.\n>\n\n>\n> ### LITERATURE CITED\n>\n> 1\\. Function: The Literature Cited section gives an alphabetical listing (by\n> first author's last name) of the references that you actually cited in the\n> body of your paper. Instructions for writing full citations for various\n> sources are given in on separate page. A complete format list for virtually\n> all types of publication may be found in Huth and others(1994).\n>\n\n>> NOTE: Do not label this section \"Bibliography\". A bibliography contains\nreferences that you may have read but have not specifically cited in the text.\nBibliography sections are found in books and other literary writing, but not\nscientific journal-style papers.\n\n>\n> 2\\. Format and Instructions for standard full citations of sources.\n>\n> 3\\. Literature Cited FAQs.\n>\n> Top of Page\n>\n> ### APPENDICES\n>\n> | FAQs | Function | Headings | Types of Content | Tables and Figures\n>\n> Function: An Appendix contains information that is non-essential to\n> understanding of the paper, but may present information that further\n> clarifies a point without burdening the body of the presentation. An\n> appendix is an optional part of the paper, and is only rarely found in\n> published papers.\n>\n> Headings: Each Appendix should be identified by a Roman numeral in sequence,\n> e.g., Appendix I, Appendix II, etc. Each appendix should contain different\n> material.\n>\n> Some examples of material that might be put in an appendix (not an\n> exhaustive list):\n>\n> * raw data\n> * maps (foldout type especially)\n> * extra photographs\n> * explanation of formulas, either already known ones, or especially if you\n> have \"invented\" some statistical or other mathematical procedures for data\n> analysis.\n> * specialized computer programs for a particular procedure\n> * full generic names of chemicals or compounds that you have referred to\n> in somewhat abbreviated fashion or by some common name in the text of your\n> paper.\n> * diagrams of specialized apparati.\n>\n\n>\n> Figures and Tables in Appendices\n>\n> Figures and Tables are often found in an appendix. These should be formatted\n> as discussed previously (see Tables and Figures), but are numbered in a\n> separate sequence from those found in the body of the paper. So, the first\n> Figure in the appendix would be Figure 1, the first Table would be Table 1,\n> and so forth. In situations when multiple appendices are used, the Table and\n> Figure numbering must indicate the appendix number as well (see Huth and\n> others, 1994).\n\n> Modified 3-7-11 Department of Biology, Bates College, Lewiston, ME 04240\n\n"
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"original_url": "https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20170927132346/https://owl.english.purdue.edu/owl/resource/706/1/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "Purdue OWL: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation",
"passages": [
"This page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue (https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include the entire legal notice at bottom.",
"Copyright ©1995-2017 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue University. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, reproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of this site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use."
]
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"parsed_md": "Purdue OWL: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n\n# Welcome to the Purdue OWL\n\n * Purdue OWL\n * Writing Lab\n * OWL News\n * Engagement\n * Research\n * Contact\n * Site Map\n\nGeneral Writing • Research and Citation • Teaching and Tutoring • Subject-\nSpecific Writing • Job Search Writing • ESL\n\nOWL Family of Sites > OWL > Research and Citation > Using Research > Writing\nScientific Abstracts Presentation\n\n * Skip Navigation\n\n * Research and Citation\n * Using Research\n * Writing with Statistics\n * Strategies for Fair Use\n * Quoting, Paraphrasing, and Summarizing\n * Paraphrase Exercises\n * Avoiding Plagiarism\n * Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n * Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n * Formatting in Sociology (ASA Style)\n * Resources for Documenting Sources in the Disciplines\n * Citation Style Chart\n * Giving to the OWL\n\n * #### Suggested Resources\n\n * -MLA Guide\n * -APA Guide\n * -How to Navigate the New OWL\n * -Media File Index\n * -OWL Exercises\n\nThis page is brought to you by the OWL at Purdue\n(https://owl.english.purdue.edu/). When printing this page, you must include\nthe entire legal notice at bottom.\n\n## Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n\nMedia File: Writing Scientific Abstracts Presentation\n\nThis resource is enhanced by a PowerPoint file. Download the free Microsoft\nPowerPoint Viewer\n\nThis presentation is designed to acquaint your students with some guidelines\nfor writing scientific abstracts.\n\nTell the OWL You're Requesting Copies of This Resource Tell the OWL You're\nLinking to This Resource\n\nCopyright ©1995-2017 by The Writing Lab & The OWL at Purdue and Purdue\nUniversity. All rights reserved. This material may not be published,\nreproduced, broadcast, rewritten, or redistributed without permission. Use of\nthis site constitutes acceptance of our terms and conditions of fair use.\n\n"
},
{
"original_url": "https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/",
"archive_url": "http://web.archive.org/web/20200521041302/https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3136027/",
"parsed_text": {
"title": "How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation",
"passages": [
"This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited.",
"Abstracts of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack important information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper provides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background, methods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary target of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels of experience may find useful ideas in the paper.",
"This paper is the third in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in the Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions on how to write a good case report,[1] and how to read, write, or review a paper on randomized controlled trials.[2,3] The present paper examines how authors may write a good abstract when preparing their manuscript for a scientific journal or conference presentation. Although the primary target of this paper is the young researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of experience will find at least a few ideas that may be useful in their future efforts.",
"The abstract of a paper is the only part of the paper that is published in conference proceedings. The abstract is the only part of the paper that a potential referee sees when he is invited by an editor to review a manuscript. The abstract is the only part of the paper that readers see when they search through electronic databases such as PubMed. Finally, most readers will acknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard copy of a journal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a title interests them, they glance through the abstract of that paper. Only a dedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most often only the introduction and discussion sections. Only a reader with a very specific interest in the subject of the paper, and a need to understand it thoroughly, will read the entire paper.",
"Thus, for the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its abstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the abstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper. It is therefore the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly representative of the entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some general qualities. These are listed in Table 1.",
"Although some journals still publish abstracts that are written as free- flowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal structure within a word count of, usually, 200–250 words. The usual sections defined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and Conclusions; other headings with similar meanings may be used (eg, Introduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results). Some journals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background and Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract). In the rest of this paper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined in turn.",
"What is not known about the subject and hence what the study intended to examine (or what the paper seeks to present)",
"In most cases, the background can be framed in just 2–3 sentences, with each sentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above; sometimes, even a single sentence may suffice. The purpose of the background, as the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to the study, and hence to smoothly lead into a description of the methods employed in the investigation.",
"Some authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy background section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be justified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less space remains for the presentation of the results. This is unfortunate because the reader is interested in the paper because of its findings, and not because of its background.",
"A wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2; most of these have been adapted from actual papers.[4–9] Readers may wish to compare the content in Table 2 with the original abstracts to see how the adaptations possibly improve on the originals. Note that, in the interest of brevity, unnecessary content is avoided. For instance, in Example 1 there is no need to state “The antidepressant efficacy of desvenlafaxine (DV), a dual- acting antidepressant drug, has been established...” (the unnecessary content is italicized).",
"The methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It should contain enough information to enable the reader to understand what was done, and how. Table 3 lists important questions to which the methods section should provide brief answers.",
"Carelessly written methods sections lack information about important issues such as sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, doses of medications, and duration of the study. Readers have only to flip through the pages of a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness is.",
"Table 4 presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written methods sections, modified from actual publications.[10,11] Readers are invited to take special note of the first sentence of each example in Table 4; each is packed with detail, illustrating how to convey the maximum quantity of information with maximum economy of word count.",
"The results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing should compromise its range and quality. This is because readers who peruse an abstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section should therefore be the longest part of the abstract and should contain as much detail about the findings as the journal word count permits. For example, it is bad writing to state “Response rates differed significantly between diabetic and nondiabetic patients.” A better sentence is “The response rate was higher in nondiabetic than in diabetic patients (49% vs 30%, respectively; P<0.01).”",
"Important information that the results should present is indicated in Table 5. Examples of acceptably written abstracts are presented in Table 6; one of these has been modified from an actual publication.[11] Note that the first example is rather narrative in style, whereas the second example is packed with data.",
"This section should contain the most important take-home message of the study, expressed in a few precisely worded sentences. Usually, the finding highlighted here relates to the primary outcome measure; however, other important or unexpected findings should also be mentioned. It is also customary, but not essential, for the authors to express an opinion about the theoretical or practical implications of the findings, or the importance of their findings for the field. Thus, the conclusions may contain three elements:",
"Despite its necessary brevity, this section has the most impact on the average reader because readers generally trust authors and take their assertions at face value. For this reason, the conclusions should also be scrupulously honest; and authors should not claim more than their data demonstrate. Hypothetical examples of the conclusions section of an abstract are presented in Table 7.",
"Citation of references anywhere within an abstract is almost invariably inappropriate. Other examples of unnecessary content in an abstract are listed in Table 8.",
"It goes without saying that whatever is present in the abstract must also be present in the text. Likewise, whatever errors should not be made in the text should not appear in the abstract (eg, mistaking association for causality).",
"As already mentioned, the abstract is the only part of the paper that the vast majority of readers see. Therefore, it is critically important for authors to ensure that their enthusiasm or bias does not deceive the reader; unjustified speculations could be even more harmful. Misleading readers could harm the cause of science and have an adverse impact on patient care.[12] A recent study,[13] for example, concluded that venlafaxine use during the second trimester of pregnancy may increase the risk of neonates born small for gestational age. However, nowhere in the abstract did the authors mention that these conclusions were based on just 5 cases and 12 controls out of the total sample of 126 cases and 806 controls. There were several other serious limitations that rendered the authors’ conclusions tentative, at best; yet, nowhere in the abstract were these other limitations expressed.",
"As a parting note: Most journals provide clear instructions to authors on the formatting and contents of different parts of the manuscript. These instructions often include details on what the sections of an abstract should contain. Authors should tailor their abstracts to the specific requirements of the journal to which they plan to submit their manuscript. It could also be an excellent idea to model the abstract of the paper, sentence for sentence, on the abstract of an important paper on a similar subject and with similar methodology, published in the same journal for which the manuscript is slated.",
"1. Andrade C, Mendhekar DN. Lithium, trifluperazine, and idiopathic leucopenia: Author and reviewer perspectives on how to write a good case report. Indian J Psychiatry. 2010;52:187–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"2. Andrade C. A 6-week, multicentre, randomized controlled clinical trial to evaluate the safety and efficacy of placeboxetine hydrochloride in the treatment of major depressive disorder in an Indian setting. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:69–72. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"3. Andrade C. Placeboxetine for major depressive disorder: Researcher, author, reader, and reviewer perspectives on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:73–7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"4. Andrade C, Radhakrishnan R. Prayer and healing: A medical and scientific perspective on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry. 2009;51:247–53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"5. Shah N, Mahadeshwar S, Bhakta S, Bhirud M, Fernandes P, Andrade C. The safety and efficacy of benzodiazepine-modified treatments as a special form of unmodified ECT. J ECT. 2010;26:23–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"6. Andrade C, Srihari BS, Reddy KP, Chandramma L. Melatonin in medically ill patients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin Psychiatry. 2001;62:41–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"7. Andrade C, Madhavan AP, Kishore ML. Testing logical memory using a complex passage: Development and standardization of a new test. Indian J Psychiatry. 2001;43:252–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"10. Kumar CN, Andrade C, Murthy P. A randomized, double-blind comparison of lorazepam and chlordiazepoxide in patients with uncomplicated alcohol withdrawal. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009;70:457–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"11. Margoob MA, Ali Z, Andrade C. Efficacy of ECT in chronic, severe, antidepressant- and CBT-refractory PTSD: An open, prospective study. Brain Stimul. 2010;3:28–35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"12. Rao TS, Andrade C. The MMR vaccine and autism: Sensation, refutation, retraction, and fraud. Editorial. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:95–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]",
"13. Ramos I, St-Andri M, Birard A. Association between antidepressant use during pregnancy and infants born small for gestational age. Can J Psychiatry. 2010;55:643–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]"
]
},
"parsed_md": "How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference presentation\n\n * NCBI\n * Skip to main content\n * Skip to navigation\n * Resources\n * How To\n * About NCBI Accesskeys\n\nMy NCBISign in to NCBISign Out\n\n# PMC\n\nUS National Library of Medicine National Institutes of Health\n\n * Advanced\n * Journal list\n * Help\n\n * Journal List\n * Indian J Psychiatry\n * v.53(2); Apr-Jun 2011\n * PMC3136027\n\nIndian J Psychiatry. 2011 Apr-Jun; 53(2): 172–175.\n\ndoi: 10.4103/0019-5545.82558\n\nPMCID: PMC3136027\n\nPMID: 21772657\n\n# How to write a good abstract for a scientific paper or conference\npresentation\n\nChittaranjan Andrade^^\n\n### Chittaranjan Andrade\n\nDepartment of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and\nNeurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India\n\nFind articles by Chittaranjan Andrade\n\nAuthor information Copyright and License information Disclaimer\n\nDepartment of Psychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and\nNeurosciences, Bangalore, Karnataka, India\n\nAddress for correspondence: Dr. Chittaranjan Andrade, Department of\nPsychopharmacology, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences,\nBangalore – 560 029, Karnataka, India. E-mail: moc.liamg@cedardna\n\nCopyright © Indian Journal of Psychiatry\n\nThis is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative\nCommons Attribution-Noncommercial-Share Alike 3.0 Unported, which permits\nunrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the\noriginal work is properly cited.\n\nThis article has been cited by other articles in PMC.\n\n## Abstract\n\nAbstracts of scientific papers are sometimes poorly written, often lack\nimportant information, and occasionally convey a biased picture. This paper\nprovides detailed suggestions, with examples, for writing the background,\nmethods, results, and conclusions sections of a good abstract. The primary\ntarget of this paper is the young researcher; however, authors with all levels\nof experience may find useful ideas in the paper.\n\nKeywords: Abstract, preparing a manuscript, writing skills\n\n## INTRODUCTION\n\nThis paper is the third in a series on manuscript writing skills, published in\nthe Indian Journal of Psychiatry. Earlier articles offered suggestions on how\nto write a good case report,[1] and how to read, write, or review a paper on\nrandomized controlled trials.[2,3] The present paper examines how authors may\nwrite a good abstract when preparing their manuscript for a scientific journal\nor conference presentation. Although the primary target of this paper is the\nyoung researcher, it is likely that authors with all levels of experience will\nfind at least a few ideas that may be useful in their future efforts.\n\nThe abstract of a paper is the only part of the paper that is published in\nconference proceedings. The abstract is the only part of the paper that a\npotential referee sees when he is invited by an editor to review a manuscript.\nThe abstract is the only part of the paper that readers see when they search\nthrough electronic databases such as PubMed. Finally, most readers will\nacknowledge, with a chuckle, that when they leaf through the hard copy of a\njournal, they look at only the titles of the contained papers. If a title\ninterests them, they glance through the abstract of that paper. Only a\ndedicated reader will peruse the contents of the paper, and then, most often\nonly the introduction and discussion sections. Only a reader with a very\nspecific interest in the subject of the paper, and a need to understand it\nthoroughly, will read the entire paper.\n\nThus, for the vast majority of readers, the paper does not exist beyond its\nabstract. For the referees, and the few readers who wish to read beyond the\nabstract, the abstract sets the tone for the rest of the paper. It is\ntherefore the duty of the author to ensure that the abstract is properly\nrepresentative of the entire paper. For this, the abstract must have some\ngeneral qualities. These are listed in Table 1.\n\n### Table 1\n\nGeneral qualities of a good abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n## SECTIONS OF AN ABSTRACT\n\nAlthough some journals still publish abstracts that are written as free-\nflowing paragraphs, most journals require abstracts to conform to a formal\nstructure within a word count of, usually, 200–250 words. The usual sections\ndefined in a structured abstract are the Background, Methods, Results, and\nConclusions; other headings with similar meanings may be used (eg,\nIntroduction in place of Background or Findings in place of Results). Some\njournals include additional sections, such as Objectives (between Background\nand Methods) and Limitations (at the end of the abstract). In the rest of this\npaper, issues related to the contents of each section will be examined in\nturn.\n\n### Background\n\nThis section should be the shortest part of the abstract and should very\nbriefly outline the following information:\n\n 1. What is already known about the subject, related to the paper in question\n\n 2. What is not known about the subject and hence what the study intended to examine (or what the paper seeks to present)\n\nIn most cases, the background can be framed in just 2–3 sentences, with each\nsentence describing a different aspect of the information referred to above;\nsometimes, even a single sentence may suffice. The purpose of the background,\nas the word itself indicates, is to provide the reader with a background to\nthe study, and hence to smoothly lead into a description of the methods\nemployed in the investigation.\n\nSome authors publish papers the abstracts of which contain a lengthy\nbackground section. There are some situations, perhaps, where this may be\njustified. In most cases, however, a longer background section means that less\nspace remains for the presentation of the results. This is unfortunate because\nthe reader is interested in the paper because of its findings, and not because\nof its background.\n\nA wide variety of acceptably composed backgrounds is provided in Table 2; most\nof these have been adapted from actual papers.[4–9] Readers may wish to\ncompare the content in Table 2 with the original abstracts to see how the\nadaptations possibly improve on the originals. Note that, in the interest of\nbrevity, unnecessary content is avoided. For instance, in Example 1 there is\nno need to state “The antidepressant efficacy of desvenlafaxine (DV), a dual-\nacting antidepressant drug, has been established...” (the unnecessary content\nis italicized).\n\n### Table 2\n\nExamples of the background section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n### Methods\n\nThe methods section is usually the second-longest section in the abstract. It\nshould contain enough information to enable the reader to understand what was\ndone, and how. Table 3 lists important questions to which the methods section\nshould provide brief answers.\n\n### Table 3\n\nQuestions regarding which information should ideally be available in the\nmethods section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\nCarelessly written methods sections lack information about important issues\nsuch as sample size, numbers of patients in different groups, doses of\nmedications, and duration of the study. Readers have only to flip through the\npages of a randomly selected journal to realize how common such carelessness\nis.\n\nTable 4 presents examples of the contents of accept-ably written methods\nsections, modified from actual publications.[10,11] Readers are invited to\ntake special note of the first sentence of each example in Table 4; each is\npacked with detail, illustrating how to convey the maximum quantity of\ninformation with maximum economy of word count.\n\n### Table 4\n\nExamples of the methods section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n### Results\n\nThe results section is the most important part of the abstract and nothing\nshould compromise its range and quality. This is because readers who peruse an\nabstract do so to learn about the findings of the study. The results section\nshould therefore be the longest part of the abstract and should contain as\nmuch detail about the findings as the journal word count permits. For example,\nit is bad writing to state “Response rates differed significantly between\ndiabetic and nondiabetic patients.” A better sentence is “The response rate\nwas higher in nondiabetic than in diabetic patients (49% vs 30%, respectively;\nP<0.01).”\n\nImportant information that the results should present is indicated in Table 5.\nExamples of acceptably written abstracts are presented in Table 6; one of\nthese has been modified from an actual publication.[11] Note that the first\nexample is rather narrative in style, whereas the second example is packed\nwith data.\n\n### Table 5\n\nInformation that the results section of the abstract should ideally present\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n### Table 6\n\nExamples of the results section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n## CONCLUSIONS\n\nThis section should contain the most important take-home message of the study,\nexpressed in a few precisely worded sentences. Usually, the finding\nhighlighted here relates to the primary outcome measure; however, other\nimportant or unexpected findings should also be mentioned. It is also\ncustomary, but not essential, for the authors to express an opinion about the\ntheoretical or practical implications of the findings, or the importance of\ntheir findings for the field. Thus, the conclusions may contain three\nelements:\n\n 1. The primary take-home message\n\n 2. The additional findings of importance\n\n 3. The perspective\n\nDespite its necessary brevity, this section has the most impact on the average\nreader because readers generally trust authors and take their assertions at\nface value. For this reason, the conclusions should also be scrupulously\nhonest; and authors should not claim more than their data demonstrate.\nHypothetical examples of the conclusions section of an abstract are presented\nin Table 7.\n\n### Table 7\n\nExamples of the conclusions section of an abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\n## MISCELLANEOUS OBSERVATIONS\n\nCitation of references anywhere within an abstract is almost invariably\ninappropriate. Other examples of unnecessary content in an abstract are listed\nin Table 8.\n\n### Table 8\n\nExamples of unnecessary content in a abstract\n\nOpen in a separate window\n\nIt goes without saying that whatever is present in the abstract must also be\npresent in the text. Likewise, whatever errors should not be made in the text\nshould not appear in the abstract (eg, mistaking association for causality).\n\nAs already mentioned, the abstract is the only part of the paper that the vast\nmajority of readers see. Therefore, it is critically important for authors to\nensure that their enthusiasm or bias does not deceive the reader; unjustified\nspeculations could be even more harmful. Misleading readers could harm the\ncause of science and have an adverse impact on patient care.[12] A recent\nstudy,[13] for example, concluded that venlafaxine use during the second\ntrimester of pregnancy may increase the risk of neonates born small for\ngestational age. However, nowhere in the abstract did the authors mention that\nthese conclusions were based on just 5 cases and 12 controls out of the total\nsample of 126 cases and 806 controls. There were several other serious\nlimitations that rendered the authors’ conclusions tentative, at best; yet,\nnowhere in the abstract were these other limitations expressed.\n\nAs a parting note: Most journals provide clear instructions to authors on the\nformatting and contents of different parts of the manuscript. These\ninstructions often include details on what the sections of an abstract should\ncontain. Authors should tailor their abstracts to the specific requirements of\nthe journal to which they plan to submit their manuscript. It could also be an\nexcellent idea to model the abstract of the paper, sentence for sentence, on\nthe abstract of an important paper on a similar subject and with similar\nmethodology, published in the same journal for which the manuscript is slated.\n\n## Footnotes\n\nSource of Support: Nil\n\nConflict of Interest: None declared.\n\n## REFERENCES\n\n1\\. Andrade C, Mendhekar DN. Lithium, trifluperazine, and idiopathic\nleucopenia: Author and reviewer perspectives on how to write a good case\nreport. Indian J Psychiatry. 2010;52:187–90. [PMC free article] [PubMed]\n[Google Scholar]\n\n2\\. Andrade C. A 6-week, multicentre, randomized controlled clinical trial to\nevaluate the safety and efficacy of placeboxetine hydrochloride in the\ntreatment of major depressive disorder in an Indian setting. Indian J\nPsychiatry. 2011;53:69–72. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n3\\. Andrade C. Placeboxetine for major depressive disorder: Researcher,\nauthor, reader, and reviewer perspectives on randomized controlled trials.\nIndian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:73–7. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google\nScholar]\n\n4\\. Andrade C, Radhakrishnan R. Prayer and healing: A medical and scientific\nperspective on randomized controlled trials. Indian J Psychiatry.\n2009;51:247–53. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n5\\. Shah N, Mahadeshwar S, Bhakta S, Bhirud M, Fernandes P, Andrade C. The\nsafety and efficacy of benzodiazepine-modified treatments as a special form of\nunmodified ECT. J ECT. 2010;26:23–9. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n6\\. Andrade C, Srihari BS, Reddy KP, Chandramma L. Melatonin in medically ill\npatients with insomnia: a double-blind, placebo-controlled study. J Clin\nPsychiatry. 2001;62:41–5. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n7\\. Andrade C, Madhavan AP, Kishore ML. Testing logical memory using a complex\npassage: Development and standardization of a new test. Indian J Psychiatry.\n2001;43:252–6. [PMC free article] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n8\\. Andrade AC, Pai S, Cardoza S, Andrade C. Personality profile of urban,\nfemale college students. Indian J Psychol Med. 1994;17:41–6. [Google Scholar]\n\n9\\. Andrade C, Postma K, Abraham K. Influence of women's work status on the\nwell-being of Indian couples. Int J Soc Psychiatry. 1999;45:65–75. [PubMed]\n[Google Scholar]\n\n10\\. Kumar CN, Andrade C, Murthy P. A randomized, double-blind comparison of\nlorazepam and chlordiazepoxide in patients with uncomplicated alcohol\nwithdrawal. J Stud Alcohol Drugs. 2009;70:457–74. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n11\\. Margoob MA, Ali Z, Andrade C. Efficacy of ECT in chronic, severe,\nantidepressant- and CBT-refractory PTSD: An open, prospective study. Brain\nStimul. 2010;3:28–35. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n12\\. Rao TS, Andrade C. The MMR vaccine and autism: Sensation, refutation,\nretraction, and fraud. Editorial. Indian J Psychiatry. 2011;53:95–6. [PMC free\narticle] [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\n13\\. Ramos I, St-Andri M, Birard A. Association between antidepressant use\nduring pregnancy and infants born small for gestational age. Can J Psychiatry.\n2010;55:643–52. [PubMed] [Google Scholar]\n\nArticles from Indian Journal of Psychiatry are provided here courtesy of\nWolters Kluwer -- Medknow Publications\n\n## Formats:\n\n * Article\n\n|\n\n * PubReader\n\n|\n\n * ePub (beta)\n\n|\n\n * Printer Friendly\n\n|\n\n * Citation\n\n## Share\n\n * Facebook\n * Twitter\n * Google+\n\nSupport Center Support Center\n\nExternal link. Please review our privacy policy.\n\nNLM\n\nNIH\n\nDHHS\n\nUSA.gov\n\nNational Center for Biotechnology Information, U.S. National Library of\nMedicine 8600 Rockville Pike, Bethesda MD, 20894 USA\n\nPolicies and Guidelines | Contact\n\n"
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